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1 İ縮

ʮ꣬ǡ
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ʱչϵƵʱ򣬾İ縮ԺһƧԺ̨ྐྵӣһûһġ
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ӣĿ͵ڴϣӶҵպɰ
ɰǵɫģɫѾЩˣ߽һ֧ССӣδŵӣﲻ֪װʲôϻҩݡ
Ϯˡ
ӣԽˣһִ˴Խ˿ʮꡣ
ԭˣİ縮һ񡱡
ǵģλİطGδӺۡ
͸รͬû񲿵Ĳ⣬Ҳûг͢ƵĹڷλȽϵ͡
ɺϵǣԭһҲӣʮ꣬Ǹողμӹѡ㣬ָİŮ
ԭĸǺˣְλߣֻǸƷְ١ͨ˾Ҳ顣
ͨ˾ǸˮţھûʲôʵȨ˼ңıŮȴܽӸֻҲ㹻ǵ˼ۺˡ
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ӣϽߣֻ磬ȴԼϻմˮһС˲ףǵصľ̴ȫ
ûüе־壬ӣѾȥ

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˰죬ūŵĶԻָԺԭļ䣬ӣŴŪ
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Ůһߵƣһߴ˴̺ƣβסϲ˷ܣ񣬿쿴ūŴŷʲô׼ϲ
ԭļ䣬ӣ֪ԭͬ꣬ǴСԭѾߣŴĸ޹ġ
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޳Ҳã롪ԼС˵ǵճȴС˹̵ܽùγ˸ųСӣֻϢˡ
ǰ˵һ֮־ʱʱͿ㱻үܳĹԻ˰֡
ǹô˻ᣬųʮֶΣڸգܵһʱ侹˻棬ĶСλҲŷҡֱϡ
ԺԼСٹߵ飬ĸǴѾǰ޹أЦͳͳϹһŲʡ
ʱˣСԺԽʧͳ
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ӣҡҡͷ
˳һ㲻ʮ塣
รҲܲһصġ


2 

ӣԵƽࡣ
Խֲ˼鶼ܷԼϣ൱ԼѾһΣһˡ
Ǽġ׼һѾ׬˺òã
˵ˣǶȥ룬үôԼԽһӸԺĸ񣬶ͷСлӡ
ʲô˯ܱ֤ܲȫ⡣
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ӣԭ¹ѡһɫװӺڶžµӣɫˬҲȲֲֺۣᡣ
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Ÿɫѵӣİֻ֣ԱŲŲƨɣ·
ؿһӻͷһһ飬æվֶնյһ˫ֳ˳½ǣڨڨЦţūŸ밲
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һüĿĴŮԣˮѣһſʵС͵ߣµĹӡ
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รʾڸԼѵĴŮ
Ųæص֪ܲŷļɲѰǲรĸˣò״ӽǼ̲һֻҲôһСԽŨЧԽá
ٶ˶٣ŵรУθڲãҲôһѵԵĶ
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ﳹˣԭأ̧ͷֻรһССūţҪ̱รˣ


3 ү

ӣҲһӣ漴Ŀת䡣
˵ֻǸŮҲԭԼĸҴѾͷรԼԺūš
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οİ縮ǻӸˡ淸˴ܲˣҲɵոᡣ
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﷽ŵĻϸϸһ룺รУ󲻹ʳûרԱ߿ţŶƾ˭ȥţˣ
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ร״Ҳһͣɵתתӡ
ӣӣҲװɱײԼϡ
ң¸ԺﱻѵεˣȥҲǲ?
ԥţһС̫СųϲรӣүǰԺ·ϣĳ٣չ˵ӸϽ׼׼أ
รɫʱתΪϲˣ
С̫ഭรˣŵӻصӣūŵмڲӲɣ
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ס֣·ҪҪ
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ûԥһԼϥ£̧ͷӣ·˰ɣ
ӣС̫мһЦλСôƺ
С̫ɷūˣūֻǸֻġ
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ɫѺ͸รƻͨµƻζݣĵԺߺ
ร̨ϴӭ΢΢ӣ˾һǧĵĸү밲
ԶİطG˹һֱ쳣ͦΣ͸һȻ֮⡣
ԺԺһ·ĿбӣϽǵӢҲַ̧ȥ·һУҲۡ
ߵýˣҹɫİӰסӣֻü׵ķɫͦı°͡
ڷİߴ壬ҹɫ⡣


4 ó裿

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ҪǷֱִַӿԳǣһŹװаͷɱǧŮ֡
ؼǣʻܸɾСͺѵˡ
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һรͷİ磬ʱЦ绨үĹӣūǱˣүȽȥϴɡ
İ硰šһƺིӡ
￴ţ֣קקӣӣߣ±С̫ѹõ͵͵ģӺһӣ񣬸ﲻǶ˵λรó𣿡
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ӣĵԸͦƣС«Ƶġ
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ζȻܣȴ¶һ˿һĲ졪ǰڵýİ翴е㷴С
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รҹɫѵõؾĬˡ
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֮һǰİףٽԼʳɫ綬ϲʳࡪͳŷġůֽСӡ
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ҲϲϲӵζϲԹӵķΧ
ÿԹӣҵ⣬İú˵ϼ仰ūŰѶ񱧳
ѩӣɰʱѽѽĶˣİ绳һͣһŮТ
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İѾ˯ˣѾ˯˰գ
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ٻ⣬תС첽ȥˡ
ϽӹŮеĿӣָİһƬ⣬մϽϣ͵İǰĵЦŵүٳϣŷƵģζ壡
İҡҡͷ¿ӣūֽӲ˲졣
ĬƬ̣ȻȥСá

Сúſڣ¹¹ñֱӣԱ


5 ֲɵ

СﵹЩ伮ЩǴǰİ綪µģ˵ʱȡ
ֻⶼûˣôɲɵģأ
İҪȥС⻰һ˵ڣһ¾վˣɫҲˣǿЦŵСáūûúʰЩҡ
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Խ֮ǰϲСˣϧ費˵¼ﵽëӰ
ӣֻܿű˼ҵС񫡪СſڵˮϰһֻȮӣÿιȥˮҪſڣֻСһ
СȮóԵġ
ֻСȮʶˡ
˾СȮֻҪӣСȮԶؾվֱҡβͣЦ


6 ɵү

ӣ̫Ʒ֣ǰֻСȻӣʶʲôģȮ
СԼֱϤһԼζȻС°͡
Сһ£¶һ˿־塣
ܿܵӣ⣬ûж㿪ԹԵӣš
ӣ̽Ե˺һСر۾﷢
ӣ֪Ѿ½䱸ˣȥԴ
ţСĲ˩һȦӡ
еݽСƤëѾһСС˿ˡ
ӣŶ˶ӣС۵òһ£СצҲһ¡
ǵģҲ̫ĴˡȦССʱ˨ϵģڳһЩӵĳȲȻսˡ
ҪȥһֱֻٳһЩҪն
δӣĶͷϡ
ˣ֮꣬ͷ󣬵ȻֻܵСС壬ֱӣȥ
СĶӱģ
￴СȻʲôƵģСǡǡ
һԥ֪˵˵ӡ
ӣ̧ͷʣ֪Ժӵģ
ͷ֪֪Ǵǰ¹Ժģǳ¹ūҲ˵һЩ顭
ƺİ縮ʵָľ檡
˵λ檳ϣҲʵǿ
һֺգɵǣİҲǸԣרΪ壬ȥǶüΡ޹ط£ֻǵգϺڰɱ
ڶ죬ʹˡ
һ檶ѣܱǻҪó˼
ͽ¹˶ʱ֮ꡣ
Ϊǰ̾ǰϵҲȻҵڶײรüΡ
һӣҲԪǰ󣬳ϺɲɵȾһ纮
ҲûкúΣȴƫƫĴԽ࣬Խ಻춼ڿԡ
ٺҽ˻ȥӽš
ֻСôˡ
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ӣ۵С
ССһӶӣ۾⣬ڿధ󣺡˰ɣҪ˶ȥ~o(ini)o
ӣĶҪˡϾһС
̾һȰˣ˶˲ܹ
ǿСǿ˿ڡ
˾ӴӣСѾöëϣҩ࣬ȵͷúãöˮ˹ιСȡ
ֻСǿʻˣ꣬һͰˮȥˣ̻ʵسӣιĶԵ̫ҭš
Ա֮ӣ߲Ϸֿˡ
öˮӣֽպˮһһСϲɾˡ
еĵطմණëȫճһţˮǣ飬ᳶë
Сţһԡ
ˮּܹ֣קקСβ͡
һЦˣֻСĸ
ˣӣ̧ͷ
ˣһ±飬ںصֵ񣬸Сְɣ
ӣһѣСںڵӣʲôֲźأ
~Сһ·ɫСͷϵȦֻһ¡
ӣһԴϽԸöȥҼӺҩࡣ
ȵСϵȦӣСͷ뵽ռһ£ȻһС⽡ͽС⽰ɣ
С̧ͷһۣƺǺ֣ؽһסӣȣԴӣϲ˲䡣

İ鷿
طȻС鷿ȴɸ߸ļɣп飬ҲСϢĵط̨ͤ߿ľʡڼһŴϣһԱߵżֵĵյͨ
ȥԺİطGڸĴʱ䣬ϲĥ
ſ˶ȴûǶֱ鷿
Ȼ˯ҹˡ
รǶԹӵʱûʲôθڣûӾͷˡ
ϲϲԹӡʵû´
Ϊ¶ˣϿʼַӡʲôҵʳĶǹӣζҲײࡣ
幬֮УƲȥҰζʲ̸࣬˼Ѽ⣬⡣
ʱҲ⣬ûţ⡪ԺɱʳţЩɻ䡣
طGԸͨ򵥵Ĺ⡪ϺòλгʶȱƬ̣֥齴ུϺպʳ
õúܣ


7 ٻ

ڽ幬֮Уˡ
©ҹ˲ʳ
İ緭˸΢֮⣬±ۡ
ڶһ磬ǡ긣Ҫ빬˺Ժǵ밲
ӣԼָöСѣöŤˡ
Ա￴Ÿżӹ
һҪתͷһԱߵĻֽԼҸ񻭵ӣѾʽ
ʵӣһʼڳһֻġ
ִӣڵϣϱӣӿڻӣСҡַʽĹѣһ㶼ùȽаȫС
С˼Ӿܳˡ
ߣС⽹Ʋϲơ
ӣžһʽĹѡ
Ϊʲô崩ܰԱһ𴩹ַӿԱѡһѹþߣһϸĲʺ١
ѺܿˡþɱϷƶɣ̣źϲ
޻һ߸һߵͣγһ״ģСţ滹һżľϯ
Сϲˣ
˦СβȥͷӣЦӮҵĵ飺зˣ
Ȼ󻶻ϲϲ˺һᣬԼ̫Сֶˡ
Խ֮ǰӣȻûһλʺ٣ǿˮϰչҲ˲٣֪ܳʲôܳʲô
׻˵úáûԹ⣬ѵûܣ
ӣ֪ĹٹϲԼĹ
ʱöʳ˻һӺܲɸɾмʿãڸ⻹һЩ⡣
ӣ͵ȡġ
ϾǱϾǳմˣֲѡȡʵķټһ㼦ƺ±֭֮󣬺ܿͰĹ
СǰһţСζ۾ɴˣʱСԴˡ
ӣһ߿һСԴ̾Ƕ˶ð
Сʱʱ̧ͷ³ɫСͷмӣ֣
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Сſ̨ϣֻСצצֵɹ̫ӣصԸţʼˡ
ΣÿٷȥŷᣬֻҪԵúЩҪǮټϼǼ£ҪǮ׵ĵط͸ˡ
˵ŷ˲ʨӴ󿪿ڣϾ˳һͣһҲٲˡٳɶ࣬ϸ㡪ʹȥҲͦɹˡ
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ش¹ľϸֱͨƺɫɫϸžЩͷˡ
ǴԭҴġ
㣬ķĸҵ˽ǮŷʹӣҲܳϰꡣ
̣ü

ůڣԺһҲޡ
С⽳ԱˣҡβԺȥūĹȥ
С⽳ӣ˵ʱ˦β;յسԺţֵ԰ȥˡ
رߣһͤİطGͤ泩طһۡ
һϴ
һѣʢվԱߣָİӣһߴһ߶İ˺üۡ
İСǸģ񳤳ɣ˸˵꣬˼ȴԽѴĦˣһ˫˪ƽŷâ˵ʱȴƽһֱĸηθȥ
İ񣬽һֻС׹
ֻС׹īۣΪͨѩףֻбԱһǺڵģŤŤžѩ׵ֽµīһ㣬ʴ˵
ëɫСǲᵽ˻ߣī۲һǵ١ѻʹŵСĺİҲѾЩʱˡ
īſ˰죬ƺеˣ˦˦βͣվ￴˿ͥŲһͤԱߡ
С̫״͵ͻһ
īû߼̬ʵͤ
С̫ģתͷİӡ
ī۰ؿһ羰һֻ۵ǰɹòһأī۱Ǽһغëϵһ¡
īеë׵СצӾȥֻ۵
۵һȳطˣڻС
īۻͷһİ磬˶ԼҡСβͣؾʹ̨ˣ˻С
ǰ淭ţ߸ߵ͵͵ī֮У԰ԽԽԶ
԰һߣС̫¿ֵ׷ԼβͣȻһ̧ͷССıᣬƺŵһ˿ͬζ


8 㲻Ҫ

ī۴Ӽɽ׷ź˳ЩײСϡ
ֻˣһ͵ɲԭŲ
󣬻ī̽ǰСϵϢ
īȣС⽵΢СһЩīһţʱһˣվԭزҶ΢΢Դӵתţ
С⽵ĽǶǰλʵڿëɫѩףȳƣͦΣȳڳģҲԹǼһī۸˵߹󣬼ֱСԲλࡣ
īۻƤë͹ˮȻŵ
ī۵ĲϹһֻӡ
һͷڵϡ
šڵϣûˣ
С۾Ȼˡǰλǿұˣ
īۼֱǴǰԼ˺ӣһӱˣͲ֪ôˡ
С⽱ǼⷢᣬɣͻȻ֮Ҳˣǰȥīͬҡҡβ͡
Ȼͷ̽ҧסī۵ӣӣӴķȥ
ī۱Сһ£㲻Ҫ(Ѩѡa

ӣӴһƬġ
СԴˣԾ¼ϣˡ
Ǵǰǲ˼ȥӽīĹġ
˷ܲѵشѳԺӣԺûˣֱԼС룬ֳ˳
ﻹкӣĹûꡣ
С˿ûʣдΥ֮˳ذīǰСצǰơ
ѽζܺõ~~
īһ߹ޣԱ߱һ¡
ʲôq(s^t)r
Ȼ󣬺ܲƬ±֭ζĵƮ˹ī۵ı̲ס˳顣
԰
İ翴˺һ飬ϰԵߣʱŷ֣ī۲ˣ
С̫Ҳŷ֣ʱСˣһͨ͹
ʢһƨϾͿȥң

ӣǰīûеֵסͬһζһСдĹԹˡ
˵ֶ̡˵ڰûдΣֻʶѵĿġ
ڷ¼ӺС
ӣԭ˽ǮպԺ󣬾ָ￪ʼ
ⶬװ̫ˣа괩ϣɣطڳҪķ棬ȡʱҲһЩӣ̯һѡ
治ٶԭ޵ʱĸҴġ
һЩǽԺ󰴹ʹ͵ġ·״̬֪һû´µġ
ӣһˣɸѡѣɫʺڵͣҲ̫ͷ
һ塣
ԺںС⽴ֵīۺȻ䣬ƺʲô
ȻͷҲصس汼ȥˡ
С⽱ܵ׷˼ס˽š
עī۵ıӰ紵ī۰ɫβͣһŶѹӢ
СȻʧվԺſڡ

԰ī۴һɽ治ܳ
īۣС̫һϲЦտؽ
ʢҲˣɫ¶ϲɫһС̫ƨɣСӸãϧСãϽȥү˰ɣ
С̫ЦӶ©ˣīۣ׼أȻīСͷߣߵİɫëϣһʳĲ
С̫մһζףͦ㣡
ī۵ĶӣʱȻ
ʢԱ߿ţΪīʲôԾô£
С̫໹ǸӣزסͲһʵʵչӣīǱιˣͲ֪λӵԺӡͦϲԵģ
ȻīСͷ߲±֭
ʢüͷ΢塣
Ժ˭֪īİİȮе١ѻʹһԵɣ⹷͸ӵóˡ
èȮĳθϾͬˣιҪιôô죿
ֱϹ֣
λӡӦûʲô󰭵ġ
ī۽θԽźһֻֽСԽԽůιС̫˸ְ취ʲôʳˣīҲֻϸĿھͲˡ
С̫͹ȥʱʢһȦ׻İǰһ¡
ӵ񻨴͸ӳŴɴֽ̣İطGдӦԵۣĶ˶ţͰ£ĬƬ̵ҳ䣬㲦չīۡ
ʢһߴӦһ߾ȥˣӱҡҡͷĵⲻ֪ĸðʧˣ˵Ҳסİźūŵ򹷵øѽ


9 ү1

ڶǸ죬Ҳ˸ø밲ӡ
ӣһ绹ױأŵˡ
ԭͬ꣬ʮ·ͷӣ΢һЩ
ƽ֮󣬿ӣûʰ룬ЦŴߴٵãҶϰˣ㵹ֽЩǧ˸밲ʱ
Ժԭļ䣬ӣ֪İλ٣궼ְȥŻص˾ǡ
Խ֮ǰԭѡʱѾʶٺһָİ縮ͬһԺҲԵˡ
ԺţรǶ򶫱һգ˺ԺϣһЩԺǰ
รӴĻȣԺķض٣֪Ǹȥ밲˵İ鷿Ҳ˺ɡ
Ů̫һ·
ԺθѾˣһ̧ͷλ¸¶һǫ΢Ц
˶ûüѣȻײһŶ
ӣתͷȥͼŮһλӺݵŮ˳
Σ˵ضǵոˡ
·ƺҲܶׯߵŮһһҷţ˲Ƕɡ
θתͷӣЦŵǴȰǲؾš㣬ͷ֢֮ɻûðգϽ£ɾ
ԣˡλǰӺЩ΢˴ҲǱġ
θԱߣͽรһ¡
һһӣ࿴˼ۡҵòǲ
ѹˡ
뵽ϵƲס

죬С̫ˡ
ǵī۳ԷʱһС̫͹Ĺʳתͷ
С̫ˣӴ԰ɣʳɱǵĻҪأ
ī۲мһˡ
С̫ܻšǰīֻθڲѣںˣԴϴԹһΣԼֱӾʳˡ
ɥȥʢ
ʢԴͷ죬Ҳ̾¶ͦΡ
İˣԸͲรԺūŶ˽ʹˡ
ûн
θǶҲ˵ûС
ʵʢóθͦ˵СϾó裬иֻź򹷵ūţ׳ôҲֺһİ粻ǣ
¸ͼǶ˽İ滹ûôأݵ΢Ų֪İİȮ
ϵطƫƧīȥôԶ
ʢˣѲīȥŷ
ŷĳι
пܣ
Թȥʣǰ˵һ飬ŷܹȫŷС̫඼ץŶһ顣
һһ
ŷиС̫ʿʢǰųţ׷ϣֺõѱ÷ʢ˳ʢ˸ƲߣֻҪιīۣԶһٰڻ԰Ȼȥϴι
Ȼ˸īۺ׷ȥ
ʢվסЦеؿͷ°ڣˡ
ӣ
С⽳Ա˶ӣ۾ſżǰϦϦһ͵Ѽͮͮÿ
ﻹûϰͻȻйˣöŷŻһŲȵβ͡
С֮ǰһ˹֪ůò˸ңʮ֪㣬Ȼ۵һ£Ҳֻǵ͵һβĬĬزˡ
ﵽǰһذѷóö֡
ӣϵĲˡһСۣһʲټϰ׷
ŶһҶӱ̵̱ģŶ
ľлˡ
ӣǶǣôôŰСͻСӰ(is^ti)
԰һߣİ鷿š
ʢһ·Сܣؾɡ棬һ߸ϻһ߲ͷһӣʾС̫ϡ
ī۸
һɽ֮īۺȻͣ˽Ųһ£ȾһС˹ȥ
С̫ϴһܶˣһߺһ׷˹ȥİҲŻͷ
īͷҲصǰСţ֦һ˷ܲѵӡ
ƽúܣѵʧ̬İ΢̧֣ž͸˹ȥ
õ·ԽԽƫƧطԽԽ壬ԶԶؿī۵һԺǰԽ˷ܣؽһ
ԺºȻ̽һֻë׵СͷֻɰСƹ
̫ࣺ
Ѿöš
ӣС⽵ķ룬ĴңûߵԺſڡ
û̧ͷС⽾ѾҴܵĽԱߣһֻëɫѩ׵С


10 ү2

С׹ī̧ͷӣ
֪С⽵ˡμ棬Щ˼С⽵ԱСצӣһܿĵӡ
ӣЦеذѷǰƣīۣС⽵ĺûˡĹһ룡
СĸԸء~һ
Զ
ʢ°ͶˡѹҲιūţԭ븮ĸιīۣ
īŵϤζ
СͷڹԵúܻСβҡö쿴ˡ
СſԱߣһҲʳֻǰؿī۳ԣ۾ﶼСǣһͷӣ
ӣС⽵˼ְοСͷûû£һʡ㷹˳óԵİ~
СͷԴ˲䣬ˡ
Զ
ۼİվԭأûǰҲû뿪ʢһĥİĪǶλ¸񡭡
Ҳһ
Ͼǻʰ磬СȾڹǽ£ʲôƯû
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ױԴҲˡ
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ŰǾʰɡ
Ͼˡ
ʢ뵽΢ɲҡҡͷǺǣˡ
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ӣţ𾢵īۺС⽵Сͷ˫ߣ˫Ŀ֣
Ȼһ˿
̧ͷ
Ұһ˫ڵߵѥӣϼϸһϲͨˣҲ֪Ʒ
˫ѥӲͣǰ
һЩֻлʰܴ۵ȼӳ
ӣͷһ飬͵̧һ˫ÿ۾۽һ⣬β΢΢ϡ
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ӣӦݣϧߣһűСͣү밲
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ҲǺܺģβĵĮϵĳˮϢ͸ͬ䵭ľС
ӣظվֱˣĵĺ«Ȼÿȴʵ䣬˼˾ߣ׽

֪ˡ
С⽴ǸܵӣĽţǰСС¸ҵصӣǰ

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İעŵϵĹ롣
ӣ˳߿ȥűī۳Ե߰ĹǺһֻӲͷƤ֪үİȮүˡ
طGߣޱ飺ʢ
ʢشӦžˡ
طGָָϵĹ룬һԡ
ʢİ˼ǰһС𹷷룬ǹŵģЦеȸӣ˰ȻӣүʡǸְģ
ӣһ£Ӧ׾͵ǡķʡһһС
شϣС̧һİ硣
ĿҪײһ˲ӣһˣջ
İδһīۣתȥˡ
үӣϽӡ
ۿطGԶˣӣһתͿ죬һּޱȵı顣
ղþûⲻġ
һȻԼҸİվԺ
ΪԼ߻ˣ۾ۻˡ
ÿǻİ֮͹ˡ
ǻİʸ񻰣´˵ûһ
үǿˣ
ﳶסӣӣ˵ˡ
⼸Ͻ׼ţֻүʱأҪץ˻ᣬһٵó裡ٻϸС磬Ǹ⸮ҲվȽŸˣ˭Ҳ۸ͷˣ
緢ͦأƺѾԼҸĴǰ̡


11 ˼

һ㡣
ӣＤòУֵֻ
һתߣһ߶֪үΪʲôͻȻΪС⽰˼ҵĹջˣ˼ҹġ
Сҡβ͸ӣ棬Ǹա֣еί
̧ͷؽһŲأ
Ȼסӣ⣬һСط̤żһ߾͸̾ԵģɲүעԵôĴȣС⽻С⽱ŰŸүˣض

߳СԺոͣЪС
ʢæؾͳɡ׷İ磬ȴ̧ʾⲻˡ
֮ᡪ԰˿Ƭ̧ȥؼ䶼һƬʵˮ
īԾ£һҿԣԴԹԵظİűߡ
İɨīۣԺﻹдŷƳһĻŮͷī۵ĹͷȻԼĵ羱ϸ˫ַɫӨףָ˳
īĸԸ˴԰Ϊһڱҹʣȷʵ˫֡
ڶ죬컹ûѾư˯ִö
ææɨĴɸɾһʱòϡ֮ϧȫָӵԺȥˡ
ڸ֬ˮۡλЬӡ׼˳͵źԼҸ
Ȼһ춼ֻ䡣
ֱɽҲûүκС̫Ӱӡ
չˡ
죬ˡ
վԺſڣЦʧ

ıոǰĺɫŨ
Ÿư磬ոŶݺΪ
ǰϣꥣһ·ıոǰͣ
ſڵС̫𽥵ƣ͵˱ոǰԺİطGشһ·΢ǵؽ鷿䡣
ϴ֮ū̺İ绻˹ѣĵ
Ȼȴơһǰ죬ʵ
ѣǰİϵɳ
īҡβ;ͻ˽
С̫ûʸźס˽ŲվſڵŹӡ
ۿīҡѩ׵βͣһܵİǰ
СצͱͱİȣžͰСԴϲ˲䡣
İװȮ˼ְˡ
ͷһյİһֱīϣīë׵СԴһָոշ˳ֽӹūӣ˲֡
ʢԱߣһֽӹİµֽӣݸֵūţһ߲źۼسһİ硣
ү鲻
ʢϢǰһЦݺ͸һ˿ġ
Сһү
İһ߽ҿյӣһߵô
ʢ΢΢սİߣðѣȰ˵Ŀǣүǽϡ
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รﶼˣ
ʢİ߶ˣݣֽǮֶѿһİײ˸ǲ
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ʢһĭٰรȡһ¡
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İ羲ĬƬ̣īƳһۣ
ô򵥵һ仰ֵ䣬ƽ֮͸޿Υ˼
ʢЦ⣬نһ䣬һߴӦһ˳־ͰİĲյ˹һҪˮӡǸԸ˸̨¡
ţһ˼һ߾ͷĥţรǶȥԺҲȥİĪ濴ϵĸϣ
ȷʵÿĳ࣬ţ֪İ⡣
ǿˣֲ˴̺иʲô¶أ
Ҳ¸飬ϾĲรһС֣һ֣ԽԽˡ
İ粻รǶȥҲã
ʢǸˣȢôڵСǶߣҲͷ۵úܣ
ʢһ߲ţһèȥˡ
鷿īİϥϿػһƣСԴİ꣬۾
İ籧īۣҪԼϥϷ£̧һȴͣסˡ
ͷ˼īۣȻ߾Ī˵Ǿ仰ķʡһһС
ҪԼʳʡһ
һֻСѣܳԶٶūܹŷ㹻ķˣֺһʡ֣
һĻɫϸ£Ůļ磬İһȥ


12 ϧ

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İ縮ԺľӨ࣬ԱߣܣУˮ¶
ӣڰΰֻ㱵ȥͷֻ˸֮󣬲ŷӦԼѾԽˡ
ЩȻ۾
Сҹﲻʵӹ˳˯µĽ̤ϣʱҲ˦˦Դ
ϾСʢۿС˦βֻͣСצצſĴأСͷЦһ桱ڴ
ӣ̧˸ǷȻԼӹ
䣬ںöո׼ϴˮһ۾Цˣˣѵ磡
һ߿˵ţһ߾һˮߴֽӣȽȽ߽
裬ؾͶڴǰźӣЬΪϻЬֻҪͨƽЬͺá
ūŻûüȥأԵʲôūžͷźӣЬ̧ͷԼҸ
ӣ롣
Ūɣٿû㣬಻ܱҪúʵ
Щᣬ˶ٻ㡭ҪζĻҪ̵ģ
ӣһֱ̧ۣöԼϿӣһ߶ģ㿴ʹϣʲô׵ʲôɡ
ͷе㷢վ
ȵ̺񴩴ã첲źУöȥˡ
ŷǰԺ紦򶫱Уƹţתǣһשǽϵúܡ
ǰߣöںţתǵʱ򣬾ֳ˳ӣü㣬ǽõ㰡
شöԹԵֹûСӣӵǲϧĲҶζ̫ʡ
ûʳʱҲǸС̫һֽһźУȥֱǵġ
û
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ȵǮûǵʱǲҪأ
ŷǰܹܷ̫Žյŵչ֮ۿţԱߵķֹ̫ഹֵš
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Ǽ̫֮ȥǣǾ͸ŸͲรɡ
ŷķֹ̫أʢͽСӹˡ
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ʵҲʮͣԲҲƯʢͽһеˡ
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ճʳ⣬ⱸһЩƬ⡢׷ơε͹ȥ
ȵֹ̫ˣ̫౳־Ϳʼĥ¸Դ븮һֱҲûʲôôͺȻڰǰأ
˵ղСӹֻ˵ǡ¸ǵԺټһ䣬˭Ϊ񰡣ֻǸմˡ
ң΢ǣ˵δٹȥ̺أ
û̺İ磬İȴѾ˹صعʳ
ʲôƬ⡢Ρơƶϲģİ綼һһˡϧϸģ
̫뵽һβรļһ£ֲ̧˲亹ŽԺת˼תĵȻɽģܱͷรĴҲδضð

ŷСϣöһǰһţÿ쵽ŷﵹǲöԸŷ̫ǰģֽöеźУһǽԱߵš
öվԭأۿıӰǽǱһգٿزˡ
öЩţһԵ´ʯԼһЩһ̧ͷȻͼһװ׾С̫ŷķš
С̫Ÿֱֽ͸ԼԼ¶һǣǸֵĴڱ
ö۾ֱˡ
С⧲ˣͷɨһۣǸªӵİСѾߣ۾ضԼĴڱġ
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öĿתСһЦ־ͽڱСѾ˹ȥ㣡


13 

ŷǰԺսȥͿС̫һһ⣬ƺڵʲô˹
һ̧ͷ˶Ц濪ӭǰһֲɷ˵ؽӹźоŵˣ
һС̫දЩűѵϵ·һľ˿ȥ˦Ӹǰ濪·
һ¡
õŷǰոȥɰ׼һǮС̫ûһԴǵʲôʹãʹãʹã
һ˵ӣ˦˦ͻλεӣϵĻø첲˺ü飬ֻ޲ˮˢϴһ飬һһ
ﻹû£Ϳŷܹܷ̫ԳˣЦС
ͺԡ
ԼҸҪԵ˵һ飬̫һһߵͷֻҪʱǰˡ˽֪ʵԼô֮ǰƤӾôǳôôأ
Ǹд컯ģԼ½˵ˣպֻ³Բ˶ء
Ͼŷܹܣգȴɫֻ̫΢Цţ˵˾ʾﻹҪ𣿡
ʵʵҡҡͷ
̫ЦеתָȥˣһߣһĵСŮӣǱ߻֪Ϣ֪ԸѾİշ
ţʱҲס
ʱ򣬷̫Ѻŷֹ̫źУԱһС̫࣬ʶػȥӣС̫ҡҡͷ˺һЦüЦ۵صͻȥ

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緢ؽţЦݲá
ö͹ģϸǵסĻϲȥϴϴֽ֣źиӲһϷţƣ
ӣʱۡ
źźǰȣֱһһأӣ֭Ӱ˳ڵð
⻹һĸ⣬ϸźӡζѾ˿С
ЦеĴźеĵڶ㣺һ࣬˱ǣѩ׵Ĺĺá޵¸ţһѼ࣬˿ͣζ˲Ρ
һһֿζˡ
ٴ򿪵㣬Ģ㶹ϵһ⡣
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źеİֶûŹϵһֻȭͷСĺɰһֽŵһӰ˱ǡ
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ӣո׼һٱţոճȥöֻϲصܽүߵˣ
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ʱˣʢʹȥˣԭ̤̤ء
̫žž˦ӣظ
̫֮໰˵úί񣬵˼תİǶÿιʱ򣬸һݣīۣʱ򻹻רūŹù
ӣһ׹Ϊʲôŷ̬ȺȻ췭ظת䣬Ϊʲôжʳġ
ԭǱôˡ
ȵ̫ԺĿıӰʧӣūŻΪүʲôʱŻٻȥأ
һʮַʢӣūǷˣֻ̫Ҳзݣ˻ϲ
ʱһڽɢȥͷƲ¶˳񻨴͸ݵ⡣
ӣָСϴ裬˸ԼƣƵɫСԡñ
֪ܶ๷ˮϴҪһ
ӣصذˮˮŵúǳ
С⽿ʼȻе㺦£Сצӽӣ󲻷ţӣһСͷһֻСצצ档
СӦһȻͲˡ
ǵţʼ𽥷ŷҡˮ档
СͺСһܵƤҲܿɰӣС⽶һˮҲ᲻ùˮ
С⽸˵죬ֱɵЦ(*^^*)
ӣСϣС⽵ĿָȾһϴһ߻Դ裺ԡ¶ĸ~ëԡñˢˮ¸ոպ~ˮݣ
ߵ~һʱöøֻ߲ҽмһūŸү밲
ӣ㱻һڿˮǺȥĺ«ˣ


14 1

ӣС⽣תϽȥ
С˹ʮֿ־˵ķ롣һӣԼ߿ͷһᣬ˲ԼһˮܣŻŵشľ׷ӣ˳ȥ
İʱ򣬾ͿһϼվУӸ밲
һ嵭ɫװ϶СɿɰһЩ֡µĲƺǽʪˣµˮ
С⽴ӣ̽Сͷй۲һİ硣
ȻСԴؾҪ˦ˮ
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ݵļ羱ˡճһְĻߡ
ġ
ѹ֮ǰŷһ⣬ĿŵΪˡ
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ӣתͷͷԸöȥѸղŰõĹùС⽳ԡ
¼򵥡öӦһϣһѾ˹
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ӣһ˲תȥĬҲչҲչҲǡ
ۿɫԽԽӣƻ𽥽ͨ͸İȻˡ
ŷ˵İԺﻹõߵūţѾǲʳ̫źţϵ˹˱ͼ˿źҶŹǡˮ⻨֬ܽѼš˿¹࡭Ŀʮ˰
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İһۣ


15 2

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巭ǣȻÿ춼ڳԷʳʵ١
仰˵ЩóԵˣʹҳͨʳģҲзޱζÿһϸڵķ绨ѩ¡
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ӣһ£ŷӦİȻԼĹ


16 ˼

ӣԹԵرԼ֡
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İͷԼйӶЩĹƤĮȻ룬ڵˡ
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ʱСӴԺ˽ӹүϾ͹ˡ
תŭΪϲߵæ
ٸϽӵ£תɿشױ̨֬ۡ


17 

ոմ֬ۺӣٶؾรˡֻ֬ǽɫεò԰һЩ
Ȼֲݡ
ͨͨһ·򵹣ū밲ҴҶе֬ۺӣͷһ˱ӣ˫Ŀգüͷšš
һܵӡ
ŲԽԽ
ۣ뽫Ƥһ죬ȴǰһƽ͵ʵรҩɼô
ôǸ
ȻۣȻһɫװ룬¶š
ѹһֻдë«һ飬Σͨǵոɡ
ūǴüף̴ľ£ŮһſﶼԵӵˡ
˰Σ΢΢Ʋȥ˸ϴİۡ
Ͽֻ֪ҲŭԱߵĻޢЩƽλรһˣǸðݣֻӡ
Ҳǵһˡ
ؽᣬߺشӱ븣ˡӲʣû밲ˡ
ϽĻͷأҪúŲǡ
ǰ̽̽รͷ¶ȣŵղԺ˴ȥ˵˼ǹ࣬תȣûʲô󰭣ҷſģĪҪԼԼŲˡ
ϼߺ󣺡ʵܵĽؿڲһرƣͷҲʹ
ԣ̧ͷתͷŮɫǲȥƣүĶˣ
ŮӦˣոշԸ˸СѾͷûתԺѾһƬ밲
İˡ
รٿȻ죬ֻǲҰһС΢΢תͷͷƺһҪʱʹȥӡ
İ߽
ΪǵոҲֻǳǳһүżѾ˴ˣò޴󰭣ֻ˼ǹͻСУӲʣ¡˼뷴ԼŵˣҲеġ
˵뵽รѾǵڶ̥ˣá¡һݣҲδ׵
ͷ΢΢һͣ漴ͣ赭дشĽУոտţҲˣֱȻ̽ãүġ
İתͷؿһۣĬŵ˵ͷ
ͷϣžͼðˡ
ϣ氲ŵװסľ̽Լү͸ˣ
뵽ļ٣ӱİ磬ԼĶӣүˣһֱڵȵúÿģ
İһ°ڣڴͷ£żſġȺúšʲôҪԸ˵
վԱߣǰҲˣ㽿СƢɲūǿЦ˺ˣһҩˣóȺҩٽŲС
ҡͷסطGӣ˿һ޿Բ¡Ȳ£үүϱˣòã
İֻϣ漴ȻԱתȥ
İ类סӣһʱվȴ֮䣬һЩҪ㽫ޱԱһ
ŲڱĹ̺ͷֽ⣬ʱ˳ˮ۵Ĺӹһ硣
İ磺
˲รԺӣû߼ϵûסͷЦЦҲ˵װٴˣݼÿصΪүɵ
Ϊ˶ˡ
ԱߵŮޢԹɫڸߣʹ˭Ҳû뵽รȻү棬ˣ
ӲסǵĻȣָֻƽׯ飬ɫ˼̸Ī˷ǣƽô̵ǼŮģô
ޢ˲ЦݣͷСѵǣūˡ

ӣ
ӣŷТİ˱ǡǿڸкͣŴմԽԽ㣬еѿǵ˼
ű飬ˮһร𲻹ӡ
ӣοＸ䣬˺üǣźһЩ
ʲôأӣ롣
˵ı桪ƽԼĶ
รԽôʵԽڰİƣô
˫ԺСϸϸĺעӶĵɫӣպɰ˼Žô
ĵطԶƽ˾
Ժ֮УʹؼãҲͿƽա
֮ʹ£һ

ڶһ硣
รԺƿյˤһء
Ů̫ǹһصƬУҿ˭Ҳ˵รգ޿䣬ֵúòѿ󵽵׻ûү
ԺθҲ˵һ粨ƺүոջظȥǶոţͱรӲغˡ
θһǰĴͷһ߾ţรˣӵϧ̫ǿθ̫̰ȫȻ֪̫ԵƱ羡


18 վס

ӣ
ڱ̺ţӶӹˡ
Ͼͬһ£ҲĶ˼䣬߷߲ƽãรҲ̫Եˣý಻ףεүһˣ˵รݸߣҲѡĳԱأ
ӣ΢Цһ£û˵ʲôֻתͷԸͲ
ӣӻ΢΢̽չüصòǺõģҲã˲ţίʵȲรͻίʵΪþÿϧүã⼸λ˽ﶼøˣֻǴӴˣܹչһԺˣûκʱ˲ãôһλรƾؿʮֵọ̀
ߴߴɵ˵һλġ
ӣԿۡ
˵ö˽һָ棬һ־½󣬻ϲص񡢸үԺˣ
ﾫһ񣬻Ϊʢ
öһ飬ͿС洺˽
󻹸һȺūţﱧŶų񲼣ӣʹ֮
ȻСӲشӣӣ֮ЦݣصūŸϲˣЩ
΢΢һָ漴ϲЩүġչһүȥˣûūŸϽ͹
Сȥ١
СӹһӣǰҿԭƥС桢⻹иС⽵ϸ¡ʽɿɰɫϻϵС飬ۡ㽺ŵģӨ͸
ײʯֺֺÿ
ӣл֮󣬾һɰ׼Сӡ
СһǹĹĵĺɰƾ֪һ١
աչСʲôѽ
˵ˣλݵͣδ̺İ磬ͷԣĶȥ
ɰˣ˵׼ҪϺһӡ
תһ룬Сֹˡǰ˿
ܷ˸ӡ
ȵСˣС⽼ֱӦƵģΧֻƯĲ鹷סתҡβͣػͷӣüۣʺģⶼ׬ʹѽ
һߣԹ̵ϳβסĽ
۹ⰵɨöСŮæŽʹ֮ʰ׵һýƥϵɫţɫɫ°ɫŵɫ
۰Ͱ͵ؿţ漴ѹͷµЦŵүʹЩɫˣɼүУǸŰģʺЩɫܺá
ӣˡ
ĺ«ŲΪȥⷿһƥƥɫء
ûôС
СʹĶͦӣԺ󣬼檾һֱԺ̽ͷ̽ԡ
һǴճһ۹ţҲһѷˡۿܵóһӵ˼ڻͬһԺϽմս
޺ġ
Ϊ׵ԣڼ̬Ҳǫúܵ͡
ſ֮ǰ߼ĶûУӣһȫֺõЦݡ
ӣվֱӣǰͺģǸƵģ΢΢һλиܺͲรͥͺˣ
ǵ˵ҲܺùЩ
Ժԭļ䣬ӣ֪⼸뱴ո֮ǰ͵Ǻǲ࣬òҲǾԾͲ˲١
ָоôأ
񼸶䲻Ļû̫֣ͷ͸һήҡ
ʱѾҪ밲ʱҲˣֱӺӣԺ
ڻ԰ոƹɽۿŲŹ˲รԺӣԺѾңңȻбһֽվס
ϵĺ԰һƬף䲻ðôһӣͷһ
ӣͷรūǴӵţӸµվ
ӣ￶´ʣ˵ʹ죬รˣˣӵร밲
ϴһĻŽأʮޣϵ֬ˮһ˿˱ǣǵüֻɻΧת
һָСϣ۽΢΢̬ưѹûϥֻǽӣһֳ
һǰ


19 ޿

һԣһรǳӣҲˡ
һ١
ٻ⣬ǰȸӣ˸漴ڳر񣬲รУ⼸Ӷˬò׳԰͸ȴİȮˣǾ˶Сӣɵ𣿡
ӣ˵Ȯʱڲ죬̧֣ԶĻһָ
˻ͷȥȻͼСվڲԶһУˡ
ϻ˩Ŵ´µ鹷߲ʵĲʺâ
ͷˡλСʲôʱܳģ
һöûǸղӣ˺һ·βˡ
Сָضӣҡҡβ͡
ʺģˣҲģҪѽ
ʵղţϳţҲҪȥ밲ġ
һţÿСĵβӣ棬ž룬һܹӣ±ָϻȥӡ
΢΢ۣͲµˡֻȻֻСˣҲɴ˺үԵһֻ
һ˺ʦһ
ۼСҡβͣ߸˵ܹüͷһȻһ˼ŮԼǰһʮֿ־ӣȮ
С⽱һŵýһġ
һʺŵվԭأˡ
һ¡
ϽܹȥСˡ
СıŵˣССӲһ£ȵͷԹԵﱧˡ
ĻСצצץס½󣬻ͷรںڵ۾ȫɻ
ร˷ţһδӣͷ˼С̫һۣܻǶ𣿻ȥֻȮˣ
ǼС̫֪รһƢǲܲ˵ӣǴ󣬶µүǶԼ׼ûùӳԣԥԥشӦһӣ׼ǰȥ
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˵ãһᵽүร뵽İţֲԼʱд˴̳ӣʹֻѪӿұ죡
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˶٣Ӳջֻ֣ؿڲס漴תͷǼС̫࣬ҲôװڴҲãöҲãӽҲã֮ھ͸Ҵ
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รڵӣС⽷Ӧ֮󣬺Ȼˡ
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һȮˣǲԥȫȥ
⻰һС̫ƻشǰ
ͷһӸߵģ־ʹнСӲˡ
ץַѱġС⧲æڰУֻСצƴš
ǰС⽣С̫ƴסˣֵγǽҲֻ֣Ųǰ
һС̫ϸɤµƾؽรУȮ˲รรֻ˹ûǼҸѾǸ⿪ˣ
״ŵɫˣֻܿధรร
ո˵꣬бһֻ֣߬סԼĸ첲
ӣͷ𣺡
̧ͷӣֻӣ΢΢Լ
ﱻӣţΡΡվ
ӣοֱվˣߵ׽С⽵̫ǰѹҡ
ƽ
̫һ£΢΢ͷ׻η壬˫ֽС⽻ӣ
С⽴۾ȫˮ
Сצצ§סӣĸ첲СӲס
รϵĵ΢΢ۣ°ͣӣһһֵϣΪˣ費ѱ𱰲֣űรݶȮ⾪ţʵھϲ⣡ҽǲúýѵѵ㡭
˵Ȼӣû˵ֱֻضס
ô棬ôרע
รԵŮ״ʶͷรȥ


20 ܵ

ʲôûС
ʶһڿˮ˼֣ӣڿʲô
ӣüͷ̧һƣรѹɤӣ͵͵صร𣿡
ϺȻúЩҲ߬ˣȴǿά򶨣컯գݵúԣҪװŪ
ӣȻֱָ̧ร¶ȿ־ı飬ȥˣ
ΧŮɫеСѾȶӲס߲ͬס£
ҲɫףŻɨһۣȫûзʢ˵ӣסһŮǰӣʲô㿴ʲô
ӣ־壬˼ߣֶ϶űȻһûŮӡġͷɢ
ʱС͵ضϡһ
ӣһȻ򣬵ͷ֪ˣรԩСˡСǶڷͽУǶġˡڽа
ӣܶ䴫˵˵ԿɾĶ
ڻ峯˵Ӳ˻ɡ
仰һӳรһСŮûסŵáؾг
Ůлãһ˶ɢȥҿร
รڼȿ־УȻ뵽˱Լﶯֽҩ²ಡãòӱ檳ϡ
ǰûͳϴģֲղ˵һûŮӣġ
Уֻ
һֱ˵ֻСڸ˻ȥ
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վվˣﻹܵӣֻǿ̧٣ɫرһȥ
ҲŵòᣬǰסϣԼҲรѾ߲·ˣǿţΧūźȵæ
ǡǡڴʱСֺɲɵءϵķһ
ϱһһģŵһƨɾ˵ϡ

ӸǶ밲صӴﵣļˣһ·ڵǻȥǰݰ飬ײ˲ɾĶɲģ
ӣԼǺ˵˵һϷѣ˭ô
תһ룬һ²һ¡֪࣬Сı˻ȥá
ôһ룬ӣû˵ʲôֻǰοҪԩͷծû£ʲôҲ
԰˵ͷ
ӣһ͵ˣһ߾׽һţҿԼ˵檳¹¡
ʵҲȷ¹òºรûйϵ
İ粻һţϾܺų֪λ檳¹ȥİ˺üͨ壬֪޳ʲôء
ֻǰѳϰƤǵĶС
ӣŴ˸衪ֻ˵Ůӡġ
û뵽һУϾȻ飬ŵɾ
ȻӦǾϻڿǲʱδ

Ǵ÷ɿ졣
ʱ䣬ǱѾ֪¶˵รŵҹҹҳţԼӴԺӶҳڴһӵŮŴܣݷ
ūмҲ͵͵ţ˴ӲรԺ߹ʱϡŵֽǮζ
ȥרſรüΣÿһζ߶߶ץŲš
ҲǶȥˡ
죬İûںԺ¶ƺæ
ƽȲѣรǶȥֺõĸҲʱˡʱ˭˲ɾĶ
ǲȥรǶͽᣬֲó裬ʱҲˡ
˾ո밲ϲӣ
ŷչˣõʳȱ˶һЩʱ򻹻һЩรǶеζӡ
ټİˣִ˺˭ϲսأ
磬ӣոձ̺ţԹ˸С⽴廨¹˵Ȳүʹ͵ǼϺãԧϷˮ
ЦЦһ仨һһףճг衣
ǰŸߣʢˣһţͺ֪ͨ˵үҪȥǰԺϽ׼
һūԱչô˵һ˵춼ϲ£ˡ
ڵȵһ죡
չأӣū̺ԡѬ㡢¡æ˰ĳ⡣
ȵһ׼׵ʱҲൽүԺҪӵʱ


21 1

׼㣬ūǵУүԺˡ
ͷһС̫࣬СӣҲʢͽܣӸߴ󣬿һ࣬˵ȴһЩϷ
һţؾصؾ͸ӣ밲Ȼ͹ز׼׵ˣɣ
ӣͳš
Ѿ͸ˣһ繳Ʋʱʱ֡
԰žżųҷɹ뵽ǰ컨԰รǼ£ﺦ£ɵӣ߿£˼֡
ȻŹƣ޷㵽ҲаӰģ
СǰָżС̫һ··ۣȹ˸Ժϱһ䣬ٴţ߹һխ·㵽İǰԺ
һǰԺʱǰǰԺƻͣɷǷ
վŵūżһ׷
һֱߵү鷿ǰСӲŹһһ۵صԵƬ̣ūŽȥͨһ
ӣ˵ͷͣ˽Ų
Сӽȥֵ̫
ʢббϵģһС̫ڵϸȡ
Сһϣֻšüɫ裬ڶʢ㱨ʲô
СϢ߽˽ǰʦѾˡ
ʢԣһӾͷֱˣСӣأ
Сָָ棬Сصڽºأ
ʢһ޲һСϡ
׻סˣݺݵһСӣææվӭȥ
أأ
ڵóǰƨ
óǹأ˭үţ˭Ǵү
СӸʢ棬·ˣһ·Цʢء
ֻʣСԭأŵС̫࣬
ʢһ̧ͷͿͶˣվİǰ
ӣعͷ
ʢǰȥδѾЦ棺ūŸ밲
ӣϽ˸ƣ΢Цչض񣬿𣬿𣡡
ʢ͸ͷ̫ĳţӴݵЦţ赭дصǲ£ū
һ˵һѾ˴š
Ҫӣȥʢ΢΢̧֣סüë˶Ц͸ŴȰӴ⺢ӡŰɣ
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һΣֻ֣ԼҸ˽ȥֻʢЦŵү£ҵһȰգϣүҪġ
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ӣ۹̽̽һŴ󴲣дˮһкڵƻ·˿еĹâ
ӣȻתۣȻԱϸϸصūǸ밲
ӣûϵﻹˣ͵һһתͼͷŮ̡
ӣˣԣn
үǰԺ̺ūšС̫Ƕ࣬Ů١
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Ůӣ̺ϴ֣ȻŽСʳ
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ټڼĸоֱеԽǰĺ˿޵⡣
ر£ֻӤȭͷôһھͳˡ
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ӣsntӺö
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Ҳֻ΢һ¼۽ʲôġ
ӣôţȥԱһ÷ӣ
÷ӵĺ˶Ѿȥˣܷ㣬ѩһ˪һõ廨꣬ǡô˵ʮֿθ
һţոĿţ̨ϴһƬİ밲
ӣ⧲˵ĺ«ôô죡
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İŲ˽
ӣŵǹԶĳˮ㡣
طG۹ӣϡȻûϵԼô͹ˣһ޴룬һžµС˵ױڵƻԵøˡ
ҿԼ۾ţë΢΢վˣﻹһ÷ӣ͵͵ز
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ӣһɣҲˡ
ϥİ񣺡ү밲


22 2

طGûŽɨһϵĸ㣬ǵѩƤͣһ˲Ȼʵϲ
ӣ
̧ۣطGüۡ
ӣգգۣЦЦϲرóԣ֮ǰŷûĸ㣬һζûأ
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İһһĺΡխΪϰԭֱƯм⣬ǲţǡôľ
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İĬû˵ͷǰӣ
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ʢ¶ۼֽ̧ԶūŶˡ
ʵĺڰУӣЩŵô˫ʶ߬˴ʡ
İͣ˶οĶдŲ๵İԵ

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лչһƬ⣬˷ܵû˯š˯ţ
ܲܵó裬дӽǰ;ɶһϿˣ

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İһߣʢҲ͸ˣϽǰţȵŮǽӣϽǰȥ
ӣɫŵã·ʱЩѣһ·˾Ӵ
ȥ֮ˮö·վһԡ
ӣƽʱͲϰźǿĺۼȻΣǻȥˡ
ȵŵشţӣ
̫Ѩ⿪ѣ˲ݽˮ
ʵİ绹ͦģΪԼǻʰ磬󣬾Ͳ̺Ůӵ˵ˡ
Ͼˣټӣγл⻹Щܲס

ůˮͰ˺һӣž֫չ·Ѫͨˣʱࡣ
ǸղѾ׼øԱߵġ
ӣֱ˲ϵˮ֣ϸϸĽãԼʰ룬˸ɾ£ų
Ӧһһɸɾķɫװͽˡ
̺ӣԺöһһҵվӣߣױ̨ǰӣͷˡ
ո÷٣СЦеĹʹˡ


23 ʹ

һС̫ж룬üؽʹͷ¡
Ρϡ桢·ǳһʱϱɫ⡪ӣӶĵ庮ˡ
С⽶ӣź棬̽ë׵СԴصۿһᡣ
ȷûв֮ҡβͣʼ̽ǰȥһʼŷҡΧСӷٴתԴ½ǡ
״öϽǰֽС
ʱ̧ͷһСӡˣϵС磡
һŷſڵС·ϣһڱС硣
öСӣеΪЦˡ
Сѹûע⵽һЦӣ񣬻һʹ͡ƣ
һ˵һ߾ͽеĵʳ
ǰȥʳн˹ӣǰ
ӣִ򿪣ͿһѹƱֽ
ֽϰѩһĸ㣬֬ӱƤ͸
ıƤ͸
ѩƤ
СӼõүһٳʱصūȥԸŷһˣϽ͸͹ģ
СߺϲؽʹպãлһҩġǰŮʹġ
æأθźϲˡ
θһģ˴
Ż꣬ĸϣúۣŽصһţθϵγԱȡ
ȻҲΪɫ̫ˣӳгСӡϸϸĲӳһԴѿˣ˹۵ġ
ľҲήңȫûĺӵĻá
θԱ˵˵û䣬ſĸ˯ˣzzz
һ˯һ߷ϸϸСڽһߴ͸Ŀˮݡ
θ¶֮飬Цž͵ͷԼǰժذ˿ˮִĸӹ˴
ŮڻŴĺġ
ʾӣǲǽʹ͵ҩȫˣθ⻰һ漴ס죬ЦӣɵãҩĿɲôõģϴԡˮһҩЧӳÿҩңȻиֽд֣ϸϸѰһѰǡ
θһ˵ţһ߿žȵú΢΢ҡҡͷߵūţǴĸҴģܺͰ̳ūȡ
θǰŸߣ檹۹Ҳˡ
űһͨǵصĺϲ
θ͹ĺԾԼЩò֣ĥĥز˼ó
ò֣檾͸˼ˡ

гڶһ͵үʹ͵Ϣ磬ѾԺ
ͻתͷԸޢѣҵЩ¶̺ү̺ү⡪Ĺ͡ѡ˺ʵʹͣͳ͹ȥɣ
ޢӦˣһϵĲ
תͷô
ޢЦеص԰սǵ˿أľӶһأ󷽱㣬ūŴӼɽ·߰ɣ
ɽ·ͱ뾭รǰˡ
ʹ͵ĶȻҲᱻԺԵūſȥˡ
һ¡
ŻҶϱҫŵ¶飬ñʯײ˲תһۻޢɫׯ̾һȴ죺ɵѾͷԸϡʲô·Ҳõ

ӣǰԺĿյϣһ£㡾ְأүīֵƽյĹ
СߣʱʱؽСԴ¼ʶСӣֻ룬ֻ롣
ոãʹ͹ˣһӡƥϡһ֧ܱʡһ
ӣл˶
Ժչƥһǣŵ񻨴͸գЦŵ⻨£Ȼʹ͵ĲǷƷ
öԱߣԾͼ˹⣬зһֻۣһ۾Цŵ⻨ƻأÿ
ӣǰ˳ÿӼһѩƤͽԣ׽˼µϵױһЩȥԺл

ԺſڣС̫Ǹոճг񣬾һ̽ȥͨ
ûãޢ첽Ժ˳ӣ񣺡밲ȥأ
ŸոսݣӣŵһŨŨĻƮɢ
ϸһ¡⻨ƺЮ֬۵ζ
ӣ΢΢֣ϴҲûŵôŨ֬۰
ŮǴӣޢϢ߽ȥصˡ
ӣǰ밲
һϾͰĲյˣϺЦؿӣ
ϻһˡ


24 ү

ӣſڸ׵Ůӡ
ķδ磬λӦǸ
θˣӣѾϤλǹˡ
ϵò㾪ޣֻܿһ㣬üۼйĺ⡢ת֮䣬ƽһ˵ʡ
ӣվӣһƽ
Цſߣұߡ
ӣ뵽ร⼸գ˵һЩȴ԰Ըȥˡ
뵽һϲ󣬼ӣлʹͣЦǺǵصлʲôǱӦõģϲãӽؼסľ̺үѰˡǱո޾ĸˡ
⻰Ҳǹ˵ӣģ˵ֿ˹һۡ
վޱ飬ƽƽص񸣽̵
ӣ΢΢üڸǰ⹢ҲȻաİ
ֱĹ
лӣոջصӴรԺС̫ˣǴร˼ﲻɾΪ˲รﻹûСӣüһľ
ص˾飬涨˱ÿʮ顣
С̫ǰŸߣ͹ˮˡ
һƨɻûȣֻ°Ͷӣµã˵乫Ҿǲˡ⸮ԺǵģรģรִҪˡҲӦ˸ӵĺӵѹˣô
ӣû˵֪ͨС̫۷ˡ
͵ر죬ʹվԴȥü˳۵ˡ
ֻС̫Цеز䣺Ƿ˵ˣղร˼Ǳ֮ڳá
һĵЦݣร˼รġ
С̫֮ؿڣһֺã˼ӣļãոճг裬⼸Ӳõʮ飬ұóˣ

һתۣ켴
ϽУķѬůϮˡ
Ŷ罫ٺſڶ˽ߡߺ˿嶾͡󼪡«ƵңҩԶɷǺš
͹ǰԶԶСŮ
ûſأѾվ̨ϵһȹŮ
۳ŹŮ˸ƣСѾͷ׹İֹ밲ˡ
͹Уӣ෱Σ÷š
һɫسţͷĶͷߣ޷£͹ˮһ˿ҷҲޣԵӶׯˡ
ɣϲڷֱװΣ涷ޣϵķȴֻװλҪװΡ
׹Ӷѡ˼ĿʽԽĵһŶ쵰ؾףһ˫ӹ⻪ת
ˣ۾ȴûϡ
꣬ƾ˫ۣÿע⵽
ʱĻϣġֻǰİô
˼תǰ϶裬һؿ˿ڣطG֪ԺլЩ¶ģƵףǺӡ
Ͽһ˵ĵУŵ͵͵³°䣺⡣
ôأ
İ׿Ҳвʱˡƫƫﵽڻûеӡ
طGۣϣҲϡ
λĸ̬ȴȻǹġ
롣
طGв˸еţİǴϵѪ⣬ҹ׶ȴҪТܲʻʺ󡪡ǰĻʹ١ϵĹͣ
Ǹųơ١볯Թ壬۴ԺգϮ
Ǹݸ߹Ļʹ١ϣԶЦݡЦݣǱԹļǻ档
ССطGߣѽѽĸТ
ʱλǣûиӵʸֻŬŸոճӵ塣
뵽£΢΢߬ģֱ뼡
ûôĸӷ룬طG⺢ӡԭǺ׺׵İ
ӹʢһ·طG䵭˼ɫʶر죬һ仰Ҳû˵
˱ոǰɫѾˡ
С̫үˣȿֺӭǰ
İ̧ŽĿбӵؾǰԺ鷿ȥ
ߣָɴ࣬һ·ǡ
ʢС̫࣬һ·ϵظĺ档
鷿ſڣİ۹һþͿչī۵С̫ſڡ
ڴһֻʳī۵Ĺ뵹
ī۰Ͱ͵ԱߵţС̫໹û꣬ѾһԴ˽ȥСβͲסҡšȻ⹷ʮֶθڡ
İЩЦҲĪһЩ۹ԱһɨϵʳпʽʵɣԼԺġ
ԺùĹ
Ȼ뵽ǰյϡɵسűһס˵ģ
İﶯ˶


25 ү1

ӣš
ӸĹغϽࡪһš
һϰ˾ŵӣڶپҪȵĵˡ
ӣոմԽʱ򣬺ǲϰߡһֻóٷסĵطûжŷ
׻˵ɸΪ֮ӣһûӣҲʳҹ
ֻš
˵˶ᡭo(ini)o
ҿŷʹ棬ֺã֪ϲԸ㡣
ÿȥţζٲˡ
Щ󲿷ֶǹ͢ƷҲʦĲãѧϰСԣַζ㣺ֵġǵġƤġ
öȥţǸ㣬ҪõһʳС
ӣŵʱ򣬾ͷԸѸ㵥յǺãٷŽǳǳˮյﱣ¡
Ļʹ϶ӶˣҲܻжԵġ
ūǸֵҹҲֵܷ㡣
￪ʼ֣̺ԼСҲЩˣҵʱСȻҲЩʲôģ
Ҳûô԰
ֹţĥһӣΪͨ˸йϣС˻Ӹ˸񣬲ҡԸһƬСŻ
ƫƫиรǸʡ͵ĵơ
𿴸Цģʵ춼ڷأ
ԲҪóԶǣ
ˣض
ôţǼᣬüͷ۵ĿͶӣ
ӣԵͶ룬ȻĿ⡣
һм⣬񣬸ɹӡϼ
Ҫ̫ζ
׷Զˡ
ۿŲൽβöнӹȹֽӣݹȥӣöϴˮϣϸ
ķѩŴ׹𻨸⻹ڸˮţūǵһٸھã
ӣСǶǣڸоеˡ
ôʣϽҡҡ֣ȥ˳԰ɣ𻨸С
öϴˮԣ֪кóԵĸˡ
۾߸˵Цˡ
극ӣʼľ̫õĹʣĶ
Ա߸𣬼״Ͳɵصαط˵𣿡
ӣЦЦæһˣҲȥЪһЪ
һոճһ룬СЦüЦ۵عϢˣ˵үһҪϽʰʰ׼ӭӡ
һ¾ͼˡ
Сվãӣүӹūţ鲻⡣
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СˣöϽźӣͷ
֮ǰİʹ͵λһֱûãʱѺӱһ򿪣öͲɵ̾Ư
ӣڵǸЩʽǲģԷЩЩµķһϣʱ򵥵ķʽɫ١
ӣöѾױ˹
򿪿֬ӣʼӣϴױһһ㣬һһ㡭
ˡӣϽסͭգѽֱճСĹְ̼ӸУ
ϽӲһЩ
΢΢֮󣬿֬ĺɫĦγһĺɫͺĽɫ
ոױãİѾˡ
ôʹС̫һֱԺſںţԶԶؿİһ˹
С̫תͷܽ
ȵүһֻŸ̤ԺӣūǶѾ˵ϡ
ӣǰԹԵض밲ү밲
һ˲û
ӣ΢΢ԴŬ飬ûİ
͵ˣɵشԴֹȻĺ«鲻˰
˼أİ˸ƣӣ˼
ӣͷûǺŵˣæ˳ͱͱԼҸĸ첲䡣
İ״ȥɡ
һ˵ţһȱߡ
ӣʱַһ¡
ӣȫ۵ף촩һɫװںӹŵǵ°ס
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Ȼһ̧ͷˣһЦݡ
İ۵׵ɫʱˡ
ӣİߣȻͼСצ̤صĶ
˵ͷͼİ̽һֻСͷ
īۡ
С⽱С˯ģԺѰĶ˳
еû˯ѣ̨¶˦˦Դ
Ȼīۣʱ۾ɴˣ˦βͣī۾ͷ˹ȥ


26 ү2

ֻС˲ֳһš
ӣһ߸İߣһߵ͵ͻһС⽡
С⽻ͷ
īۡؽһƺǴߴٵ˼
СԭأΪѵض˶ֻСŽţԥԥīۺӣ֮ؿ˺üۡ
һ˦ͷȻȻظīˡ
ӣĬĬ᣺
Сһܻͷһӣ
ʺģһͻ໣
û£ϵյǸոʰá
İ
ӣİͷ߳ϸܵһ㺹ӡҲˡ
룬ͷԸ˴ˮүϴ֡
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ˮĸɺҶ͸ĵĿ㣬ˮᵴţȥ͸һ⡣
İû˵ӣ˫ֽС
ϴ֮ȡֽ˲֣ӵԱŵ
˸̾˼үЩռ䡣
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һöѧˣͷһ㣬غͭ˺ˡ
İû˵յһڣ˸ƣʾӣվš
Ŀضǰĵƻ΢΢
֪ʲô
ӣԱߡ
İ粻˵Ҳǿһġ˼СӶѹˣүӹ鲻⡣
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ӣ
չüۣİ¶һЦݣСشѾùˡ
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İƤĬؿһۡ
ǰŮü䣬°СĻȣ޳Ĳɫ𪣬ҡҷĵƻ͸ķۡһȻ֪ķ顣
ްɡջס⣬ۣɴص
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Ϊĺ«ֱӣ
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ɰ
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˺ˮϴԡľͰֶˮˮµ˲˳ȥ
ӣһ̯࣬Ĺͷˡ
ŮˮͰֻſͷһԡ
īɫĳɢһ
İ֪ʱⲻ˼ûūֱ̺ӽ˳ȥˡ
ȵϴԡ꣬ӣ۾ˡ
һ˯˵ڶ硣
̧۾ڴϷ˸
ᱳʹ
ӣۣͿСǰ
תת飬Сצſڴϡ
Ϊī۶ȥ˿΢΢ԴЩ˼
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һ¾Ծ˴ϲϲ˱ɷ˵ؾͺӣ
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ԼҸˣװϴˮͭ
սţͿСֻ¶ֵСƨɣڱֱҡβ͡
ˮڼϣæ񣬿ɲСϴˣղԺأצ϶࣡
ӣ˵ˣ̧ͷ⿴һۡ
Ȼɫ԰
֮䣬δ续ૡ


27 ֮

ӣϴˮ˹һšֽӣһϲ̵صүߵ磬Ƕ¾˸˯أǸͷɵóڸӰѾ
룬ͷ֮ӣ߳ͿѾȫϵˡ
ӣȳһȵġں衱
νں裬幬̲еһ֣ţ״Ƥӡƶɡ
ȥôȴ൱ޡ˿˿Ửζʮ㣬״ƤӴһ˿㣬ζ
幬֮ڣձ鰮ʳƷҸɡ̾ȵȣ̲Ͳ˵ˣϽ˶Ʒ
̲ȴҲӦġ֮͢Уλݵȼߵͣܺȵ̲Ҳơ
ƵĲǲҶţϾ̲ԭ֮һţ顣
ʱ涨ĻӣӸõţֻʮͷ
ԣӣܺȵŷ̲衪˵ףΪ˳гķͷϡ
￴ͷ˺ü̲裬æһߴյӣƵǰһЩӣأ
ӣɨһۣ
ǰ죬ͻȻͦ㣬ȥ˺ü㡣
ŷ
һ˱࣬˿еư֥ܽƬ֡˱ǡ
ӣӣһǵ˿ʵĿζ֪ʲôϣ΢΢еʵ㡣
뵽˴ԽǰȥһԽϲ˹ݡ
Ժˣͷء
ֻ΢һеӶ̱൱󰡡
Ʒ࣬һģӣԲôࡣ
мûӵģȥ˷ˡ
Һýǲø밲ӣһ͵Ҳʹʹ˯ˡ
ԽԽСſſڣػֻСצצ濴ţë׵Сתתȥ
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ոսţŮ˿̾Ͷס˽Ųվ£쳤˸첲ббɡǡ
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ǸƤԺڵĹҲЩֲڣǱķɳĥµģӺܸߣİ縮ȱŮ߳ͷ󲿷ʱ򶼵ͷĬԵվ
첻־ʹͳһСֽӣ滹ֽ˺ü㣬ѹš
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ʯ֪İȮһţæס½ǣ
üֽ½ǴʯӵﳶˣͷС˺ü£һûʲô󰭣ŵһʯӣͷûʲô񡣡
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ԭǮһѣϰŪʱһСģ˸
Ǯ߬ѣˣָ̧ϲǼʣŽѻˣΪʹ˱ӵֶΣ
ϱôһ˵ҲסҲǵͨ죬߷ߵʲôֶβֶΣһ𣿶Ѿ˲ǣҪģ˵ˣ㵱ôǽ·ֻΣѲүͻ࿴һۣ
⻰һ´ʹ
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˵Ѿᣬֽŵ·ϺݺһӣԱߵ߿
ʱڵﾡ˵ϣžô󶯾
ūǶĵؾ£˹̽ͷ̽ԡ


28 Ҳ

ӣ룬йԸȥǰθ͵Ĳ
ȥˣʱͽˡ
ǰӣαӵүǰԺڶθ͹ĺ
ϵɫˡƷеȣҲᣬҲᱡʺװ
͹ȥˡ
ǮϺۣлȥ֮ơ
սҡ
Ǹģִ˲ʰæмȰܣƫƫססǸ
ڼɹ֮ʱӣЦеˡ
檻æ˳ˡ
ϺǮ϶밲ͷϲãž㷲֪Լ̫󣬾
ͺġ˭֪Ǽٿأ
˵ˣ̺˼үߵġˣ𷣻С£һһˣǶ硣
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ôţǮϺϽŵͷ̧ˡ
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˶סˡ
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29 ֤

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30 ߹͵͹

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31 ÷¯

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32 

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33 

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34 

ڶһ磬ӣոϴ꣬ĥҪҪ÷¯ԴСأСӴ˹ʹˡ
ʹʽĶԾĴʳߣ÷״ú÷¯һס
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ʿһȵкѣӽҶȻһݣ
תһ֣ץ˸ʮС̫Ը˼䣬Ǻȥˡ
ȵ߱С̫ţСˣʿ˸Сָָ̫࣬ţʾȥӦ
Լһèֱӽˡ
վԭأµӸס֡
΢΢߬߬ʳ֡

ʱθšϲյ˼ڣϸϸ˵˼䣬ӣ֪ԭรǱߣҲʹ͡
ร˵ʢ˺üȥֻ˵үòรԣ̥ء
θߺӣЩˣ˼֮˯
ϾİôĵʹҩĿ衪˼ԣٳˣæʲôأ
֪˶ã֮УӣѲѣƺ㿴ӶŵĵɫӣպɰӨӨ΢⡣
·ڤڤ֮һصָһ㣬ӣȥժǺɰ
ڽδ˲䣬ɰͻȻ۵Ө⡭


35 ж

ǿ˫һʹ
ӣʶؾֵס˫ۡ
ȵٶ۾ʱԼѾһ֮ǰδСռ
ǰһһŵĶǻܹ
ǰһֻϣƿƿ޹޷ŵ롣
ӣֻ죬߽˿֣ʱȵ˵˵ְװĺǡɰǡǡס״ס顢ϳ顢͡Ͼơ͡ʮۣ˽ǡ㡢¹Ҷ
ӦоУ
Ȼתȥһļ¶Ϻƽ֭ĩʽڽ̩ʽɳѽ
ӣĿɿڴ
ȻԽֲ˼鶼ϷôһسСռ䣬Ҳǲܽܡ
ֻǲ֪տռܴڶã
ôһ룬ӣʱ˽ȸС
Һ˯֮ʱΪ´֮⣬һ廨Сס
СһۣÿԸװһֻ
ӣɿĽĸǴ̶ڼϣȻͽʼֵƷɿװ
ߵĵƿԽ࣬Խʢʹ۾ˡ
ӣֵס۾

ʱӳȻϤĴʶ
ɴۣͿӶɫӣպɰ΢΢ζݡ²ɵɫͨʽϻмߵͷڷкҡҷš
һֻͨĺɰˡ
ӣ͵͵һ۱ѡӳտռİʱӰڵķ϶ﻹԿ̵ĵƽѽİװ
С⽲֪ʲôʱ˽˦˦β;ܵӣĴǰ
Сӳ˳飬Ȼɴۡ
Ȼ̧СצצӣĴϣӣӡ
ʺģڱʲôóԵģ
ӣֲ˲أƿӣ
ҪϴԡٸڸӣԸ
ﲻתҪȥԸ׼ˮӣȴֺס㽫үʹ͵ЩҲڿýȫý
ﲻתȥˡ
ȵеĹӶͽˣӣֻ˵ԼҪϴ裬ȫȥ
һϴɾƷת˽ȥװԱߡ
ǣÿƿһϵװƿӻҲϢط⣬漴ʧˡ
Ҳģʡٷôˡӣ롣
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ȻźŰһӶװ
ⶼʲôѽһʰһߺصͷĹӡ
ӣһ̧ͷŵһǽĩϽţ
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ѹӸˤˣҿһֻʶεؽסˡ
űǺỺתͷһ޿

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İ鷿һֱŷŵģʱһرС̫
ʢԱë˺ȻֽӸš
İһյţ˳־ͷԱ߲дһ衣
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С̾͹ؽѾʹͼʱ͹ȥ˵һ顣
İ籾ֻشĦ裬Сᵽ˶̧ͷͿСһۡ
СӼİ̧ͷ˾ɫѧİ翴˵ˣлүĿԪ衪⼸۾أ
΢΢Щʢɫüһۡ
ˣСӲˣ
Сӻüɫ裬һƼʢɫʵˣվǶʣµĻ꣬ԴǰϵĲյˣȥԱ߲ˮˡ
ʢһĭɫһİ硣
£İü䣬ۣһ˼ӡ·ղСᵽǣ˼
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ɵӶóλҪóһӵ˼ˡ
ãӾȫΧһŰɣ
Ͼ»ױȸľʣòİǸոճζͷϲأ
ʢ΢΢üͷԳ˼λӲรǰ㡪ȣǶ˼͡
˵ҲδءŲûġ
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İӣû׼ϲһҲ˵
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ǲʲô¡
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ʢôţСİ磺үǽϡ
İ±ʣ˶٣ǰȻӣЦ
ϴΡŵࡣ


36 ҹ

˽ӹɡİ룬Ը
û˵ˡ˭ʢˡ
ȻһӾͳȥ
СֵſڣʢһӳǰյʢߣͷԵСʵʦ
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СĬĬ˺һͷԡ
ӣݺ¹ƻ֮£СʷһأöذӣһΧȹ
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ӣ⼸رը
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صزҪ
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Ժţֻɫͥˮ
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ʱСӳӣ˽ȥ漴ŵĴţ˳ˡ
鷿﷿⣬ǳˮ
Ļʹ
ӣͷߵǰؾصϥ밲Ȼое㲻Ծ
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ӣʳ§ڻСػشǡҹ
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37 

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Ƥһ£ÿĴ΢΢򡪡һ˿嵭Ц⡣
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۹ӣ䡪ǰϸɫ¹ճǰƻ֦ٶ֮䣬໥ĦOO@@·굽˶Ҳ굽ļϡ

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һ֮ǰ˲١֮ӣһ񱻲ɢһ㡣
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38 ͵ĺ«

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ʢһ𾪣һæصͷӦˡ
İ縺󣬱ֱȥĿбӵֶһ仰ǵضСǵҲʰϸЩ


39 ҽӣ1

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ʿЦЦɣ
һ˵һѾö߹ȥһؽҿ룬ĸװϡ
ȵҶ˹ʱ򣬻ûأöѾŵŨŨζ
̲ס˿ڿˮ
ȵˣͼţ֬࣬Ĳź춹轣ɫ֬żζ
ʿʾС̫öѸһװˣһŷӣö
ӣҸͷǺܴ󣬵Ǹʺ͸Сȣ̵Ĺϣһ󴮺
滹űȡı飬ߣӣҵĹƤϣĳһ
ÿ
ö۾һ¡
ȵöԺĶһó
ո̺ӣ˷٣ڻѡӶۺˡ
ӣһһߴһ۾Ϳϵ֬ҡ
ʲô˿Ȥö
ö֣һһֵظǡ֬ҡ
ӣһ͸ˣ⿴ź͢˫Ƥֻ̣壬϶óԣ
öӣó˳ֲֽӵݸöö˲֡
ӣһ󴮣׹ţΪǱöָ⻹Щ΢΢졣
ӣȻͷһ
뵽ʳAPPҳƼһͳʳҽӣҡ
ҽӣҡ˵ü򵥵㣬ǳӣҵʱҡ
ֳԷʱˡ
ѭסʳƷǹƷӣҵʱҲҽϡ
ΪڸʮֳԷһֱ˲Żдʾ䣺ҽ죬ӣɲ͡ԷӣҴ͡ȵȡ
Ա֮ӣͿʼ֣ӣңʼĥҽӣˡ
һȴȥ˿ʼ
ϴ֣ȽӣҽˮϴüӣסӣңñĵŲ滮һȦ
Ȼָס΢΢ֿ⡣
΢һþ˾ͱˡ
ȥͦףʵѣ⾢ر
ˣⱻ飻Сˣִﲻȥ˵Ŀġ


40 ҽӣ2

мžӣרעضеĵ⡪һڽһСӣȫȥ˺ˡ
ϴɾϵӣֽ֭ڴֲӲ˲Ȼ뵽֮ǰʹ֮УһֻɫյС״װҽӣҹá
̾ȥˡ
ʱյ˳Ө͸յ͸ŵӣɫյҲ˻״
ӣһСӣҵȥ
ÿ˰˾ŷ
һռ䣬һ׼ȥҡ
öԱߴ֣÷¯
ӣؽһҶ˹ȥ
ССĻ̵¯ߡ
£ǰ״ģܿһЩ
ȵʱֻܳһ˲ӣܿö¯𣬽Ҿȵؽӣϣһ
תԱߵĵСȡǿ飬ӽС£ǿڳǽ
ȻǽȽӣҺϡ
Ⱥǽһңոˡ
ӣյתֿٶȣһֻɾСףǽµıɻ״
ｫӣҿ޲ıյһʹ֮͡
һҽӣҾˡ
ҷŨѩӣ֭硣
ɫһ޷еݮܵ⡣
öԱ߿۾ֱˡ
ӣ᲻òСˣ

Ͻǡ
ԣ鷿
ʮʱ۽ӿɶ֮ѡǬ幬ϲ߷ν֮鷿
ΪСϡͨãҲн鷿ġ
˴򱱿һ䣬Ӷá
ߵһ鷿кŵģԱ߾ǳΧŵĻ԰
ʱ֦չòһݵĴ⡣
СһЩİסϲȥתͷ⣬Ȼ飬˼ȴѾɵ档
İΣһֹˮӣרעضǰĿα
ϽУǴԼͣ͵ý鷿飬ѧϰΡ
ѧʲôʱ뿪鷿
ȴûһ׼ȷĴ𰸡
ʵ󲿷ֻӵʮ꣬ҪַλţǰԸ潨Ȣס
˵Ȼʮ꣬ȻѾɼǾǴˣȥ鷿
ʵˣΪԼͯⶣ˽ɽ֮¾ҪΪõʦɶ飬ᾭǵĿѧ
и⵽ĳ
ԾոշַĻӣʵʵȥ鷿飬Ρ
ν޼䣬Ȣ󣬶鲻ꡡָľ
İͼ곤İǶŶţȻͷ߼СܵȫûӰˡ
ԭţʦ͸ͷ飬СһЩİһһϢȥˡ
ҶԱ߻԰ˡ
˼ϥǹǣҲա
Ϸߡ𿴵߼򵥣ȴ˼治壬ҲĴͳϷ
ΪʦС綼ţս˭
ɿԱߵС̫ǣ£Ҿͷֻû𼸸Сȥˡ
ʱʦȻ鷿յؽأ
ʮİط_꣬Цֱ֣СֳסԱʮط?ҡΣʮ磡ʦżˣ
ʮ꣬ȻȴǸʵӡ
游Ƕ¡ĸҹť»ϣǿڶλʺ󡪡Тʻʺ
ϡϳ̫ӣʰûԽù
ҲΪĸ̫ˣСĽҲ࣬ŪʮЩԾľ־нš
һʦУʮеˣ˸¹תͷžŰطKŸ磬ǻȥգ
Űʮͬ꣬ǿʮˣȴʮ絨Ӵö࣬ҲĶࡣ
ԣתתӣںһҡͷ
ʮվžŰӾӲ˳ȥˡ
ʮİظں档
ʦۣŰһ
ʦӶöˡ
㻹˲ɣ
Žͦ£á˵һٶ԰ǿʦصϾǰЩССкǶѰӵܡ
򲻵ѣܴ
ͷʱҲ˲ôˡ
飡ʦһ۾
ŰһȻſһԽԽ
üһʾˣ
ʮİ翴ֲ´С죬Ա߿ֱ֡
Ű粻ſɤӶ飬˶֯ϷȥմȾī֭ŶĴɽ
ʦ⧲Ͼͱմ˼κںīӡ
ʮ͵ش˴֣̾Ҳ˵ˡ


41 

ʦɫ࣬ŵλ֪ѧӺĲףѣǶһѧҵΪӣõһУȴ֪ϧΪǻΣ
˵꣬ŵݺһˤȻϼȻó̵λ磬ͽʥ⣡񲻿ɣ
ǰȥ͵سŰĸ첲׼ģݺһߴȥ
̶Ƕɵˣһʱ鷿мž
ǲúö飬ǵʦ£֮ǰҲûС
Ҳֻһ෣ˣ巣Ҳֻǹš
ôֱ˵ʹ򣬽ߴڰϵģ
л̶Ӧ¾Ű籩ŭӣǰͽŰסͷֻȰʦʦǻʰ硪򲻵ã򲻵ã
ſֵصС̫ɫ˼ǸϽȥȱ
С̫һ˦Ӿˡ
Ű类һ´ˣȵӦŭɶ
ƿ̶κμӽýġ
Űܻеããݡǲѻʰʹ

У
ǰУڴǰһѵСϸϸŻ֦
һС̫ҲƵĳ˽ѵ֮˶һ
С̫عڵϣͰѾŰ鷿ˣʦĴ¶˵һ顣
ˣ
ٿվ
Űͷ⣬һ۰ģƽʱ˵ˣػ᲻ö˵ġ
ŮһɫԣϽͷסְѼˡ
С̫໹ڱȻûôֵһߣˢһ£߸߾ֱӾͱžŰȥˣӴ˵İˣūƤﶼŵòһŰ֡
ŮһС̫࣬˵ɣ
ȦųһţһģҲܷܺ鷿ܻؾߣһһ߲㱾ȥ鷿
ŮãϽסذǶ۵˶ôƫƫʱ˺Ϳ
ŰС̰ˣǲȥûʲôʦһ٣˵ϻۣ
ȥˣ棬϶С¾ͱζˣ
ҲֻһʱѪӿܵó꣬зִġ
Ĭ޵һ߽ӣһҧ

鷿УʦѾӶ̱ˣС̫һһҼţǿӣ߶µصվ͵
ʦʲô˵ˡ
ΡΡһţҸϽΧ˹Ŀ˾Űϡ
׾֣һѪۡ
ίʵᣡ
磬̫ڣվԱߣ۷׷ס
˵ʦͽ֮ϾǳӾǻӡʦѧʴˣδЩѲŰԡ
ǣҲ㶯ִģǵڹ̵ĵô
Ű壬תʦʵڲʺڹ

İĬվһԣû
˰ø첲ⶥ˶İ磬ŵĲЦĸ磬ô˵
İ΢΢̧ͷһʦԶȥıӰҡͷûʲô
ȵаǶ׷߹ˣֻʣİ׽ʮ硣
죬קקİӣĸ磬㲻˵ʦƽգ
İ紹ۣĬһ˲ŵݹأʦóȻ򣬵Ȼףǻ˽ұҵʱҲɨأҲһ룬йʦ㼱ߣԴҲ̵ֻŵܺúö飬˷Ѵó⡣
Ҷ˵ʦظͨȴãʦ֮ǻӣӭĺ֮ģҿݡ
ʵٴ졣
һ࣬Сȡ
չڿɫ½ϡ
鷿Ǭ幬
ո˳ͱС̫Żŵ˹һֻʦС̫ǷߵıӰ
ãﰢһʰ굹һǽǡ
лŷطGĻ
٣Сӣ
ţǾ΢΢ˡ
ĺõվһŹ˸ƣ߰ա
ŹѹߣЦеص

İ縮ӣӴ
ͷոƣİԺ˴Źˣ˵Ƿİ˼Ҫϸ㡱𷿡
ߴ磬ͼֽ
үˣ²á
ӣո˯أһĺ«ҪԼŪˣ̾ˡ
ϽݺȫƵһˣڳһƬط
Ǿ


42 С԰

ţ̫Ǿͷˡ
ݺضʵСÿ״ҲϱǸǣԽԽխ
ٰȥӡˮס¨ûʲôˡ
ܲ³תܰɣ
磬İմӹСӾ͹ʢ棬һһʮذ㱨һ顣
һ˵һ߰ͼֽóʢ΢΢˵ͷСӾͰѾƿˡ
ͼֽ˲һ
İϸϸ˼ۣС˵ûӺĵΣȷʵΡ
Ȼ棬ľӴܲͨ͸ݺһƬյأ
СӼİĿþϴתֹĪүλԵӴ
ʢ뵽һȥˡ
ʦͽ˶İ緢ȴİָͼֽһ£漴ָһǽ֮һСԺ
ԺС磬ԳŻȸСȫ
ǸλݵŮӾסҲʡ
ΨһȱİԺԶЩ
СӿԺ죬һԴϸϸ룬ˣԭԺӰ
뵱ոմϽոɵʱİ뽫СԺӷɸθġ
θڶͱŴϸϸذֻ˵屾ֺԺӵķˮϣүܸܲһס
󻻵θڵԺӡ
İȷʵǽˡ
ɽأİһҲδθǶȥһˡ
ȥˣҲΪ˴
ʱСӾ;θǺοࣿ
ԶͽͲڽ£ֻġ
˼صǰСӼƶİ϶ϾҪǨˣ
˭֪İͼֻֽͣͣСԺʰ
ʰ˼ʱסȥˣ
СЩ̧
ʢԱߣСӺ󱳲᲻صسһ£ȵشӦˣ
ΪİĻ֮⣺İǲ븮ٳڶˡ
Ͼรİʱ磬Щ衢˶֮Ʈˡ
Խˡ
Ҳãʢ룺վüġ񵽵ǲǸȵģǸװȵģʱˣȻܿ
أͼİüԳ
ﺬŵЦ⣬ƺ뵽ʲôһ㡣
ʢֻİ翪˿ڣǲ᣺ԺϷ⼸̫ռضʰ֮˰ŲһС԰ǵĻԱɣȥҲϲ͸ˣһ˱ǡ
ʢһ˲Ӧ֮үģūͽȥ죡׼⡣

ӣڸ߸˵Ϊ׼
ȻСӾϲظϹˣһžһһϲ񡪡˵Ҳ뷨׼ˡ
ֱʰȵԺʰ޺ˣҪү˼ȥˡ
Ϣ⧲ӣеɵˡ
ĺ«İ˰
ܶŶסһСԺӣȻǱں͸Ǽ˶һĶģİҲ㡣
ȻСͼֽ˵ү׿ˣҪ񿴿ԺĻҪҪĳС԰
ҪģھҪϽˡʰҪʱء
ӣ۾ˣĳС԰ŷЩǿָָĲˣ
룺ǰԺժˣϴ¹ֱŶ
æؾ͵ͷĸĸģĺ«ģ
һģǺһӡ
ԺеǶͨĿ֮ˡ
һƧСԺ̫౳ľݡͷȽô˴סԭү˼ðСԺһ£Ȼڸס
รǶҧˡ
ӣ˸밲ճĶҲȥֻ￪²Ʒоʳ䡣
Ƿ֣ȥڵ¾СԺһޡ
СԺȻ֮ǰţʵҲһֱūŸճάģɨϴһ˿Ȼ壬ȴǴġ
ֻûмҾ߰裬յģЩû
ȵһЩС½½شӸӣСԺ˼Ǩ¾ӵϲ
˵ػûãӣʱסԭʱһΣ͹졣
ЩİæŰһ˲ûôԺ
ȻпԺȥʱ򣬵һӣ
ʱɫŸոհӣһʣһֽĥźҪС԰Щ˵ء
öԱ߸⣬ͼ˵˵ЦЦ
Сû棬ԼһȦһȦܣȻܵſڵʱЩײİϡ
һӣһƬڵķΧİȻ;Ҳ˲١


43 

İ֮ӣ֮ǰõһմˡ
һֵģеŵŴӡŸϣŴױƤˬ㰮߲ɴһʳ
ۼһɫСԲȵعڵİһ¡
ʵӣΪһ̫æûô˵Ժ
ȵڿˣеˡʲô
ûвյ˼
ϣÿζЩٳŵ
ƫƫŻر㣡
ӣЦеؽİǰСơ
һƶŴƤʱ΢΢͸ŨŨ㡣
մ󸣺ҽӣ෴ҽӣҿŲ򵥣ʵÿһķʱҪ׼Ŀơ
ϾӣҴˮҪǽ֤ڵȡ
մ󸣲һҡǡŴ׷ۡţ顣
ŴŴʳģô䶼óѽ
ӣӳտռóУ׵ۡɿɷۡͣԼ͵ȵȡ
ŵʱصطԸöȥŷҺŴ׷ۣţ顢һСͰ
öˣӣҼһɰǡϵͣʳȫһ
Ȼֶ򷢳Ũ״ٷֳһСӡ
øɾãٷڱͰ˽һʱ
ƤˡŴ׷ۣ׵ۣɿɷۡǡţ飬֮Ϲһ㹦ɱƤٰ֮ǰڡ
һɿɷۣǰƷ
İһг˳
ʵ۵Ķǰǲôģ̫塣
Ȼ֮ȴ֮еĵ𡪡һ˵ĿζŨŨ㡣
ŴƤֻ塣
İ粻֪ͳԲĴȥ
ӣϴ֣ҲûԼظİԱ߾һԡ
ԼģߣҪǻϽԣҲ̫˰ɣq(s^t)r
̬ŵֻ֮İнƵͣˡ
Ȼһ̧ۣͿӣŴ󸣣۾գҲգԵ÷ǳרעӡ
ࡣ
͡ĪĿɰ
İ촽סЦ⡣
Աūĵֽӡ
İһһ߲֣һ߿ŵӱǵɢŵĿɿɷۣӣʲô?
ӣʵҭһ¡
ܲʵʵ˵Ǵسտռóİɣ
˸ߺطܵǡúЩϣԸĥϳģζУͳŴӡ
İԣ˵ͷûˡ
󸣵ĵӸոձȥӣʾһ֦ۺ
ҲĥƷ
Ϊ֪ҪˣҲˡӣ⼸оʳŵÿֽš
һں̲裬ûá
֦ۺ˼Ժ󣬻ȶסˮƽһƷ
ɽСֺΪס豾Ʒº֦֮𡢸Է۵͡
ֿζۺһǴۡ
ð˷ɿɷµ΢΢ɬС
İһ˺üڡ
ԳԺȺȵĺǣȵŷţŽصʱ򡭡˶е᲻ˡ
᲻ԾȲˡ
ӣİߣһİᵽ˰ҵ顣
ڵԺӵطȻ󣬵׶ŶסҲЩº͵ؿӣ˵
ӣԱߵģ۾ģ͸βסڴ
΢΢ԴֻֽǰİССʵ˵طѾ㹻ˣ仹и䣬ϲŶлү
ӣ˵꣬һ̧ͷİЦЦվҪл
İһ£þסС֣࣬ȴûɿ
ϻǸЦӣůȴԽԽԡ
ڲơ
񻨴䣬Ļİ㣬ϮС
ԺС˵Ȼ󣬵Ӧùáİ
ôϲˣԺ󾡹ܲūȥŷʳĺˣҪʲôûУ
ŷҲ˸Ϊˡ
ν԰Ҳˡ
ӣһһ߹ԹԵصͷ
۽˳۵ʱ򣬾ͶӰ
ԹԵͷ˵ʱ򣬸ϧ
ٺú룬Ļȱʲôİӣ֣Ƭ̣ĵ
䣬ȴᡣ
еСˡ
ӣĪضе㷢ȡ
עͷ˼


44 

ӣԴ˺һҡҡͷССضİӦòȱˡ
⻰˵ĩβʱ΢΢ƺЩȷ
Ҳе
ͦûĵءҪһ
Ҫ
Ůۣزסһϸ΢Ĳ
İز׽ˡ
µСԴ
ǰŮͷĺܵͣں޷֮䣬һ䵭ɫӣϣ΢΢
͸鷢֮䣬Լܿɵ°͡
Ļߡ
ȻİͿɿ̧һۣãȻرС֣żڵϻȦ̧ͷһۡ
İֻһƬطĪȥ

ɾ
ʶƫͷûпǰŮֻǽ˽ӣ֡
һ˲ɿ֣ӣ۾·һ㣬ż롪ϲʲôܲ˸ʢ
⻰˵İȴһ¡
Լ
ûġᡣ
ӣһС£̧ͷë˲ᳶסӣİЦˡ
һЦݡܼ򵥣ܿģܴ⡣
ﶼǲε㡣
ĺɷ磬Ĺ㣬ղźȥ۵֦衣
һпɰõ
İƤãӣ۾һ˲Ȼ̧֣ʹԴ
⶯޳ָĴůȵ¶ȣӣĺ׿סȻᶨԼķ
⶯дŲ๵ǿơ
ӣһ˲һ̧ͷİڵӡ
˼ŷӦѽͷɱѽ
ٿؾס
(*أ*)
İ罫Ķս۵ס
ѵһ˲Ц⡣
ûס
ͷЦ

ţʱ磬İӣ
ӣԾԼԱ߻š
ŵ׼߿ȴİס
ʾԱ
ӣֻùԹԵԱߵϣ۹ǰ
ţеۣҲܿ
ֻһۣͲ뿴ˡϹӻд˵˼
İûߵ˼
ӣֻʵʵԱߣͷĬشİסԼֻ֡
ϵķɫҲһ𪣬ǽڷֱָܺÿһ˫֡
ŵһ˫֡
ӣһ˲֣һֱֵָֻ΢΢ġġǵ
İԾ鱾ϣĶȴ΢΢˹
֣Сȫġ
ȵһİ粻һתͷͷԵӣ֪ʲôʱѾϡ
һشü֮䣬ź˿΢΢
֪μʲôÿüʱʱչ
˯úܳˡ
İе顣
档ΪҪˮϴԡ̺ǸϽŵؽ
ӣ⾰һһʱվԭأ֪ǽˡ
İʾÿȻ΢΢ӣϱ
ͷƴϻϲЦ⡪鴤ˣ
ӣ˯ú㣬СԴ΢΢һߡ
İͷͿӣԹԵķԼԼ½˲䡣
򴽽ǣ˷ڴϣͷӣһ˲ʾչˡ
Ͻˡ
ɿźЬ£ֽбӶ
ԼҸϸס֮ӣİһ֣˳ǽߣųȥˣš
ʵʱĳⲢֻ̫ΪӣľӴƫЩһţԳľ
Ժгݡ
İ֣еһӣͷ
³׻סˡ

˴һ㹦ӣˡ
ƤŸոƿһ죬ĵƻ̵Щۡ
Ͻֵס۾ˣһ˲л㱡ΪԼ˯˴硣
Ȼ۾˻۾һתͷӣſҹɫīһ¹֦ͷ
İڲԶö˶дʲô
ӣһ飬Ͻˣү
ô˯أ
Ǹղһʵ̫ˡ
ʵһֱǿ֧ŵģûס
İ粻æط±ʣƤ̧ۿһۣºͣ㷽˯ˡ
ӣ
ƿ˱ӣҲ˲ú̺ˣԼɿش廨ЬС첽ߵİߣʶضү
İһס֣һԸūˮϴԡ


45 ǰƽ

ʱ䣬ת˲
ܿ㵽ӣǨӵӡ
һ磬СӾͷ˹æˣ峿һֱæ˴硣
ۼŰòˣӣȥԺǸУһţ̧ͷͼͼ檶ˡ
ǰסӣ֣һĵصãദȻȴʮͶԵۼҪˣҡﵱ᲻ã
һ˵ţһ߾ժؽǰӣͷ˲۽ǣֲϽӣǸиģɱչչǣ
漴Χˣӣ֮ڱǽԣпõģ˵үԵֵģҲףӴǰƽġ
ӣҲԸ׼õĻóָˡ
ִСҲϲĻɫһʱ䣬ͼ檼˻жǾϲϽл
ӣһЦԴҺͺصǿлˣ˵ǨӣʵҲǰᵽڣ·㵽˵ģɲԶ
϶ЦˡȴЩɬ븮ʱộȴѾİ粻ʹ͡
İסĵطСֱӸǨˡ
ǽչˣ֮ذϡȫµ˶ȥ
ȥǰƽ
ٻϺӣҡֱϡ˵֮ܿˡ
ϺϳĬŴֲۣס˿˿۶֮⣬漴뵽ӣƽʱ˵ǫ׺һʱаζӡ
Ȼ֪˵ʲôˡ

󣬸СԺ
ӣţԺһضѵӵľ߹ݣʮתһȦΧ
ǲ
⻹ֻǸأͱԭסĵطһȦҲˣϵ߲ۺ͸ֻƣɸԢõͼ
СԺɭɭ͸һԺ̣⿴ԺһǶÿһȴ
Ʋ۾ʱڻΡ
ΪǳģѾȲùϸϸ´µĻɫɢľ㣬ǴȻµϢ
ĴɴҲǵɫž˾ͷȥ֡
ӣת˺üȦȻ뵽䣬Ͻȥ
ѾúˣﻹͦһֻУߵļӣܰڲյ
ǲ̨
ӣߵĺſڣͼҸһֻˮף洢ˮ
ˮԱһССԡΪҪС԰ڵطԺΨһŵĻˡ
вϸͼӣɫĳջ
ӣأҶһССĺ
ǰ˲ҶԽˡ
СڲҶкȻһ¶̽СԴң˷˵ط˰죬ˡ
ղĽųڻҶ֮䣬˯أ
ӣСƨɣ˳־Ͳһ俪ĳջСñӣС⽿Դϡ
ϱһתС԰ķΧˡ
²˵ҪĹǳݣΪò˳ӣֻҪгڣֵƯҲᱻӿеȫǳ۲
ʵ֮ǰ޲԰ʱ򣬹Ѿһˡ
ʱ䣬Ҷðͷ
С̫ڵһͷݣһͷһ̫ءóͷѵطһ
˵زʣµأҪú÷һ
ͷգСԶվݽǵӰ£ʩС̫඼ʮͣĸѿһ̫º䤱
û˸΢ͣһ¡
ӣЩ̡
ö˻Ըʹ˸ȥҲЪһЪ
С̫Ǹ˼ˣǧл
æʰһʱСۼŲˣվſӣƣʲô׵ģֻܷԸūţ
ӣ￴ڻƿתͷѾܺˣˣ
ǰԼСֻ൱档
ѹסӿĵ⣬ѧʦʢƽĳȣһǫЦݣ٣ãūֻûܵ©һءϾū֮ǰү˵ˣҪoʰ
ӣ΢Цŵһȥúлү
СӦˡ
֮ӣߴĴʹС̫ͿʼԺʰµũߡ
öӣ̨ߣ׼ȥϸ
ʹС̫ģʿҶСӡ
Сƽֻͷ£ȴСԣּʹûʲô£ԶؼҲƵߵӡ
ӣԽҲһˣСӵӡȴ޼


46 ̲

ӣ룬һ߽ݣһöСҲн
Сӽִٵüֱ˫˫Ŷ֪Ķˣһζֻö㡣
￴Ųüǰ
ӣСֱҲû뵽ôС
ºţһңŰѸ˻ưŰţԸԸԵûʲô
ôһ˵СӹȻźһЩ
ʵСӽҲ˵ˡү˼ǣȰңȰٺˣѡū͹ġ
ϾڵضȴǰһֹôŮһʹֻ̫࣬»ת
⣬ӣǶԺūвģҲһߣٻ
ӣ˿ˡ
ŮǴСԭģĹֲһ㣬λҲɺ
öСͻСӣҲû׼
ҪҪūšСԺӣ
ʵڲǵ
ӣһţһϸϸذֹ˵һĶֵ˵ˡ
ʱöոķԸķ⣬ʵţͺں
ӣر̲裬˾䣬ڿԷſƷ
ĹưҲԤõģСӴרӸɫ߹ɲǰֻмֻ÷¯ôˡ
СյӦоУ԰׵ļϣķ໨ɵζޡ
öԱ߰Ŵ֡
ˮ֮ӣˮ˼ǡ
ˮܿ˿
ӣվڹǰһСľ׻Ѻǰ飬һĵصȺڹߡ
ۿźˮཹཱུ˴ݣӣöѻϨ
ӳտռóľۣ˺ʵķˮС
ľһպˮšһҲҪƺ÷ˮ٣Żر״СԲӡ
ˮ٣ľֻ̫ϡɲ͡
Һ̲裬ӣ֮ǰѾԹüˣ˺ˮľ۵ȡ
⻬ź׾˳ɢŹ̵
ӣһСԲӡΪ̣һߴ꣬һִ߲ͣ
˼ʮСԺ֮ľۣصʮ¡
Ϊȷÿһ϶ľۡ
öѾһֻһЩĹˮ
ۿŹˮཹ󿪣ðӣһȫ¹һһ߽裬Էճ
ֱ鶼͸״ȫ͸ˡ
ӣػװ顣
Ȼں赹÷¯ϵһֻСһһ߼ţ顢ǡĵͣ衣
֮ӣղõСԲӵ̲֮У
һſСӹںںУQӨ͸ǵζţ̵Ũںһв崼
ֺÿֺóԡ
öյһʢˡ
ӣϲȱĿζöʱı̲б
ʱ䣬Աһը˵
ȵˣԭζ̲Ҳˡ
ճ˼ڣ͹µ廨ˡ
ǰӣߵģҲԭµĶӣҵʱȴˡ
ӣ˳öһ̲衣
һ̲裬¾е߲ˣϻ֣ýһǨӣ۵ýˣҲЪϢֻ͸廨ӣԭʹ±ߵġ
Ȼ̲賢˵һ֮󣬾ûˡ

һ½֦ͷ
ǰԺİɶд赽˼
ʢӣԺȥˡ
Ȼ˾ʱ֣İֻԸˮ׼һ鷿ˡ
һū̺ѥһ뵽Ǩ֮£ʢСӽн
Сɽֵūֵ˱һүУ𼱻ǵرˣݾͨ˦밲
İתǶ𣿡
ڴ֮ɫСæЦлش𣺡үĻүġײˣūŻү˼ʸҪЩ֣û׼
طGͷתͷʢվɺúˣȱš
ʢӦˡ
ҲôģǣʢƵŸ񷢻ʱ׼
ҲͿʰʰؼˡ
Сӻ㱨ˣһ߲һҪȥͼİƤһãԱߵһֻСͰϡ
ҹȣҪЧİ취ñͰ
Ͻһнʮټұѣרۺɺñɼ飬ؽУóʹá
óıװС͵ıͰ
νͰɹ˵ġݱģľͷɣǦĻʹڻˮʱˣҲʴľʵ塣


47 ү

İԼӣԺӳ򡪡ʱаգֻҲδɢĳȥ
Զ˶٣ԸСӣѽչʹ͵ıͰֻСɵģǶȥ
ʹ͵ıͰ
ǿǵİ
Сһ£̧ͷһİı飬İѾչֱۣūźˡ
¶üֻһƬĮ˵һ仰ûķԸˡ
СӴӦ˳ȥ
ʱͰѾ͵ӣԺ
Сӣܵö࣬Ѿ·
öԺ׷С⽣Сˣͣס˽ŲС¶һ΢Цݡ
Сûע⣬ֻűͰС̫ԺԭصţȻһžؽȥӣˡ
ӣһʼ¼˵һպѽԣͿСӹˡ
Ϊūŵʲô˵СЦе˵İʹ͸ֻͰ
ѱͰˣӣǰϸơ
˵ǡСͰνġСҲԶԡ
ϾϽУΪ˽ЧãͰĸͷǼġ
ϸͰ໹Ż֦ͼ¡Ͱϲοգĳףвпռ䣬ɴ桢ϡ
ı͸һƬ͸У;һֱ͸
ӣͦˡ
ǸöʱûпյմԽʱ򻹺ãһһȣ˯ȷʵѰ
ֻͰڴͷβ͵ҹСյˣ϶ࡣ
ǽʹ͵أִǴ´µģֻү鷿˰ʱˣûбķԸūžͻȥүˡСЦ˵
ӣͷȻ뵽ﻹûһ¡
תͷͷԸȥʣµըװСʳУ˷ѽһԭζ̲衣
ȻţСһ𽫶ȥİǰԺ鷿
鷿İѾϴԡϣһɾİɫ£׼˯ˡ
СӽӾµʳһɵЩЦԷǡոʹӣͰӣĻˣ
ըʵ̫ŨϷѽһ˹
İЩѵƹߡ
һ㵽㣬ǲʲôġ
ҪҪڽŲθڣõò࣬ƫƫӣըϴǳġ֪ζǲ
İû뵽ԼҲΪˡԡ˼һ˲
ɫƤһãͼСӰһ̲Ҳóˡ
̲ãŴӺԺһ·߹ҹůȵķ磬ϱһȦˮӡ
İ飬ɨȥ̲迴Щں裬ϸֲ̫
˻αյͼԼԼں͸СԲŲ֣һһŸƵġ
ʲôİ΢΢ۡ
СӵүĻ˵ˡ̲裡ģڸиá
ۼź©һֽ⣬İִӲ׳£չͿŤŤдžŸѿĴ֣Сӣү
ī͸ֽī㶼콫ֽȾ͸ˡ
İ΢΢ۣЦ
⣬αع

ζãһѾһ̣νı̲Ȼ棬ڸеҲĺܲ
治֪СԴĶôǧٹֵ⡣
Сӣڱзζ
һʼΪŴ׺ͺģŷֲǡŴճôеԡ
СԱ߿ţôҹİȻˣɵӣһʡ
Žи֣
˼Ȼûүǰ¶棬ƾʳѾˢһڸˣֲ˷ү뵽裬ʤ

ԺϢǴķɿ졣
һ˫֣ζĲʽİǶȥϢܿʹรԺС
˵ʲôըСӹรǰһü䣬һϸϸص
รȻʮָմˮҲ֪ͨѰˡ
˻꣬ڵٳ伢Ҳ
รмü۽ּڲסĶʼ벻ϾôѰĶܽүȥ
үıʳǱʳǸأ
ӣüĿ续รһ鸧С淢
Ա߲ԹɫรżѰǣСΪβ
ūŵһӣȥŷСҲԣԳɣʱรǲȥүֻ˵Ƕ밢ˣɲͳô


48 Ūɳ׾

ڶһ磬پͶŵС̫ȥŷҪЩ
ȵˣٿͦ⣺ʣͷҲ
ص˰ȥรһ¡
࣬ӵָ⣬ָһֻһۣ滹µ죬Ͻͷˡ
ȻรȥǰԺİϹš
ȻˣϾʱ仹û
֣һֻֻϴȥƤƤȻС̫ͷˣתͷʳʦʦж೤ְ
ʦȻûҲûֹһ£ĵ˿ܲࡣ
˵ըҲǸ˲ġ
˵ˣѾʲôʳˣôֲЩʰ磬Ҳ
ôţƶˣ˿ɣ
С̫شӦһͿʼ˿ˡ
ϾСˣյû˵ģС̫۾գ䣬ĵһٲϸϸ˿Ѿпˣ͸
ȵ͹һ˿ȥûôأѾըˡ
ʦһʢһһ˳оζͳ˿ࡣ
˵ǶըҪʲô콴ġ
Ǻ콴ɶأ
ʦһ񣬱ڳֱתƣͽǰѴɵϹȫˡɫֻҪǺɫģҨһ׳ϸϸġͽǶһζĥһ¡
̫һӳʮֵ֮󣬸ЩľˡҲֱ治ˡ
˴۵С۵ʱ򡪡Թ֪ͨˣ˵ȷʱү
ҪըҲҪһݣȲˡȻ˵
ôһʦһ㶣òôˣԹӻ᲻е
ٺǺЦеΣôɡ
⻰һ˵ʦˡضǲรҪˡ
ӵ˼ٴҲǶԵġ
죬ˡ
ʱİȻˣֻĳ˵㡣
รʱͿʼ·ʽѡױ硣
ٲСԺš
СվԺӵУϦһֱȵ¸֪˶ãԶԶؿǰԺ·ϣİһ˹
һ໵طһรүˣתͷһ·Сܽ
รϽžӣֲЩ֬ϸϸ˴Ŀ֬ٵ˳
Ѿ˵ƣรظȥ
ϾУİ̧־ʾٰˡ
̧ߣ谴รķԸϽѶ˳İ綺
ȻİһûǸӡ
ѪŨˮԵôҲϵġ
۾źһСֱ۾ͻţﺬţ꣡
İǰȥͰϽӹˡ
ȵ£ŶѾˮһˣǱطGĸ첲֡
รַ˷ϵӣİһЦ
˵˼仰ѽѽİ绳ҡͷԵֳֽ
รüȥѶ񱧽ݡ
վİߣŶҲͷۣǰͲá
ҪȥסֻûֶնյСأһ߽һҡͷȸ̶߰
รŮȥ־ҪӲ
һزڸϣСȣͷรߵصһۡ
طGſӣƢص¡
ƽӲģ˵ԼʱҲջĺܡ
ƫƫİǰ𻹷á
ֻ
ɫԣҲͲˣȻھһί
С˱۵һſİϿ˳
һޣİС־ûˣϽѶӹȥˡ
ȣôһڣİһĺ
ϵſҲûʲôθڣӻУӰ˵ؼʳģζòײˡ
İϿӣģǿһЩ
ӹūֽӣ˲֣նร˵һ䡰úЪšร͸Ͻʾ˰ըˡ
İɨȥͳĬһ¡
รɫģСǰƣү
ըʣҲ֪Ǹѧġ
ΪʲôѧΪϲ
үǲϲ̽ľͷġ
Ͼϻ໳С
˴ۣʲôû˵
รİû֣ǰһţһһը͵İǰһֺõЦݣЩү
еʵ̫ϸոʹмˣе̵˳˳ָ¡
İڰ֣ԼһմմԱߵĺ콴
֮
İ磺
ۣ


49 ˫ƴ

Ҫⲻ֪ǿĻϹζ
͵ؿ
ร״ҲżˣϽվŮ˲ˮİ硣
İһȥǰĹζѹȥ
ۿร㷲صɷһվԭطǣΪүϲ
˵ԽԽСҲԽԽǿˡ
İ̧ˣüһ˲ҡҡͷӣúŲ𱻵ߥˣڣ
ôһ˵۹мͨ͸һ
ʱǴЩЩҲԵЩ
ҲĽ
һɾ
ǵūߥޣδܸɳֶʩЧ顣
һİ⻰η壬ͨ죬ͽԴȥˡ
รİһɺڰζ֮ȥ
˵Ѿѹѹ˿ڣǽζֻڴݼɢ
ֱӻǰԺ鷿ġ
ʢں棬ͼ˼ɽԱߣİһۣȻûǰԺȥǴСԺǶȥˡ
СԺ¹ѩ
СԺҴܣ׷һֻ棬ŵƨûӴš
С⽾͸졣
öڸӣ֡
ӣ۾Ǽᡣ
ҲԽ֮ǰһƷҹģԼģѾԹ˺üΣʧʼΪ㡣
ǴŷģѾˮ˰ʱȡмõ⻮˿ӡһƵʱζ¹ͷҲܷ㡣
ȻټϾƣΣںۣһ飬ȣһ
ȵƺˣͣһۣĿڸиˬһЩ
ȻӣͰѳտռķǽóˡ
ǽǷ֭ƶɡۣζأһĲľ㡣
ʵۼеơ
ӣǰҲԹ÷ǽǽȱȷ۸ߣļɫɫЧá
ͣۿһһðСݣҪðˣȶѾﵽ߷֣ӣͿʼùһֻֻȥˡ
ֻһͣˣùϸؽļãƤһҪ£ͳһкá
һ뼦ᣬ۶֭ζ˫ƴζ
Ƭ̣ӣùСĵطᣬһ壬зԸöʼϸϸĩ콷ӽԱһõļ
ŹＦɫӣһֲٿعһɵؼ뽴͡Ρ
ˮעŹļᣬе
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ӣˮŹߣк¡
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ۿŲˣӣǸϣֹ۲һ»ƣöԱţһ㹦
ʱ䣬תȥ˿ŵԱŵ㼦׵ۡ
ˮƣöСèһȲصԱߡ
ۿŵʱ䣬öȣҿǣ漴ơǲǲˣ
ӣһۣｹƽƵļð˵ζѾʼ֭ˡ
ָöմһЩȻʼ۵ķǽȵۿżԽԽճͲˡ
װķǼɫԱһҶһ۵ɫ׺Уÿ
ӣöһܿ콫㼦ҲˡŨ۶ۣ֭ƽƵļ͸һɽζ
İʱҲ̤ӣСԺ
ԺСӼİæ£˦밲תͷͨ񣬾ͿѾһֻӴˡ
İ磬ӣӣżȸİ밲ˡ
ƵƮ
طG£ʶһӣеĵӡĵԼʱ
ӣͿ΢ɲÿĴǣȻƽƽƿ£ʵüĿһƬƵᡣ
ӣסҲЦ
̧ͷϵصүķǡ˫ƴᣬֿζǸոճأ
طGĪң
Į˵ģ££üͷûӣȴǰعסһָ
ֻһ˲䣬·𲻸̫һ㣬ֻ֣Сֱ΢΢Դ̧ӿڴүһ㣬òѽ
Ƭ֮İһƤ΢΢˵ͷ
ӣ۾һüг

Ǽڵƹ·˵Ĺ
ζܿ
С⽴ԺѭζСצצסȣ۾ŬϿ


50 ǵó

İӣȳһڷǼᡣ
弦ıƤִ࣬ǵζѾȫζˣǳ̵ۣðͣһҧȥ㡣
İ粻֪ͳĸ
ӣЦݽʧ
ĺ«㵹Ǹһ㰡
˷Ǽᣬİֽת㼦ϡ
㼦ɫʾͷḻˣǵ˺̽ΪûзɫҲըýƽƵġ
ϸһ滹лζĿڸ翪
ĺôԽԽ㡣
ӣﵹ˵嵭ˮİһֱôɳҲС
û̲ˣ
ͳӣ˲ﵹ֭ʾԼҲһյ
ȻССһڹ֭
İ˰յˮ裬ӹūŵֽӣ˲֡
ϵڶ͸⣬
ʵİ絹ӣһֻǽϻЩû꣬ҲǴรǶţҪ鷿ġ
˵˼仰İӣֱվһǰԺ㲻͡
ӣסɿ
ԹԵվһʧдŲᣬ۾ؿİ磺ү
İٲߣȻֽ¶˶٣ͷӣһۡ
ļڵƻɺİӰһ˲ʧûüס
ҲǸղæµԭ޷Ѿ΢΢ϸʪˣϸϸķ˿ϡ
İĬ룬ӿӣתߣʢ
ʢٿؾðǰˡ
ȥ鷿ϵ衢͹
İ˶٣뵽һӣ￴飬ī㲻ֶ֣ʢīҲһȫĹһԺˡ
ΧūǶ˼롣
ʢܿشӦȥˣǰζؿӣһۡ

ӣе㲻ŷԼġ
İΪˣ
ö϶ЦݣСӶƽηɵͦš
ӣŵôһ˿˿óζ
ܿͱˡ
İ絹ɫǻˣ˵ˣȻøʲôǸʲô
ǰȫעؿ
ȻһͿһʱ
ڶ飬ӣҲûţԸūܰһϴԡõˮ׼ϡϾʱ򲻱ִһˮ
¶һЩ׼
дһ裬İ±ʣ̧ͷͿӣڳԼᡣ
³׽Сġ
ȻˣǺܺó԰ǽѾȫ͸˼ȸղŻҪζأ
İߣ
ӣز˲죬ȥˡ
İס֣Ա¡
ƻ¿;С˶á
־ֳࡪһ򲻹ޣһ̫ġ
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ţǾ΢΢һЦЦ
ЩʽǴǰڼʱѧôĿ
ӣϾǴԽģһİ翪ʼԭ飬ɵؾеˡ
˵Ҳûԭļ䡪飬˵˵ܲ˵Ͳ˵
һʲôģԸԸ¶
Ҳ㣬ǰڹеʱϲԣҲϲԸԺĥĥû³Ҳǽ˱ո
ӣʼһغ˵˵
İ翴
ǰС˶˵ߣβ΢΢ƺſСӡ
˵˵ţСӾȥЩղܵջ
΢΢һ˫Ư۾װǺӡ
ӣ̧ͷͼİûջһ˵һһֱ·Ҫ͸۾һֱĵȥ

ҹİȽܵںãūˮϴ
ϴԡ֮ӣǰҲûˡ
ߺſͷϣֻûʲôζ
ʹģһ̺ȻͺۡҪֺģ顢ʡ㣬Ͷ塣
һ¶ǣر񫣡
ޣԻ·ס
ӣתԴÿİҲѾһİɫ£ڴͷ
еı΢΢ˣ֮䣬紵һشˮ
İͷӣͼ۽ޣ˼ˮԵ÷񾲡
֪ӣ˼۵飬ֻôʱ˿̣ҹ峤µա

ǰ˶Ҳܿɰںڵĳһ˿˿ڰϣüĿ续
İָ⣬ġһӣü⡣
ӣ̧ͷͳЦˡ


51 Ӽ

İһƤӣ̺ɫ촽ϡ
һ뿪ʻҷ󡢱ˡ
滹ӡǳǳҧۡ
ǷڳõĺڰУŰְԵǵµӡǡ
ֻһ˵ӡǡ

ڶǸø밲ӣİ绹һߵĺ磬ӣ˯źѡ
һֱţԼʵһ㡣

Ǻϴ˯ǸǶ󲻵áѾǺԺ۵ˣٳٹȥ͸ˡ
öҴҵؽŷһ
Ѱ⣬һͱõֵգȻҲͦóԣ̫ˣԵ;е塣
ӣһ߳ԣһ߾ͷԼҲҪѴͱ
ˣҴԼͷΪ˽Լʱ䡪ͷͬʱžӼ򵥵ػ˵㵭ױ
ʱ֬ˮ۶ر㣬Ҷ˹㾫ȻĻ
ȻŨǺҲô̱ǡ
򵥵֮ӣһɫ嵭ѣˡ
˸ԺһǶˣรҲˡ
λϡ͡һʱ䣬ҵ۹ⶼรϡ
รһݣ͸һֱضӣ˿Ŀе֮⡣
ӣĿƽȲȥҲ˿η̬֮
ร״ɫһ㡣
״θֻ΢Цţװʲô֪ȥ밲
Ǵĸİˣ˵񲻵ó裬ڸﻹеλġ
Բת磬ֻ˵˻ϲ֮ԣ˻ϲ֮£ร޵ӣ˾ЩҲ᲻
ร̧̧֣ʾθ
θ񻹴˴֮󣬾ͷŴˡ
ร˰֮รѹûһۡ
ЩΣЦŵš
θ񡢹ЩһʸҲӣ
ӣ˵ҲǸ񣬵үĳ衣
ûС
ΪӣߵýรؽԹйϡ
һ㣬漸˶ˡ
ۿͿ֧Ųסˣϥ΢΢ӣ΢΢üӺ
Һһƣˡ
ɣ񡣡ɫص
รԽϡԽԽĵϿȣеոķ緶
һмվֱˣϥ仹ڷأѾлˣл
˶վ븣밲
΢΢̧֣Цºףɣɣ
֮󣬸ո˵ϼлѵ뼸䣬Ȼһ˵һ룬ֻÿڿʡ
յһڲˮ꣬׼˵°䣬รѾͻأز³أ˽һ˾۾ۣСϷӡ˿崵̫£븣˰գ
ϻ˵һ룬ϣȻܲ
ֻǸ̵ӣӳ뱴ոͱŶһ²һ£Һ˵ԭ¸ֳʲôոร顣
ȥҲñĻӸЦ
ЦҲͰˣĵүͻݣȣӲԸˡ
รҲǿҷԲԽ޼ɵ
¶ҵúүҪ֪Ĺأ˽ѾҪˣټСϷӡüͷ΢΢̾һΪѵضร
รŴǣЦЦ۲ת˵ףҲǲԸģζϲѽȻ֪ģһǹںϡԸҪʲôģ᲻ò
ӣԱţɵˡ
ôֱӵ
ⲻǳڳЦû
ֱϴӡ
һУȻ׼ݣֱʹҲ̫˰ɡ
о仰У·խһУζŨʱ˳ľǷ²Ҫ˴ˣصĵ
ƺȫû⿼ǣ뵽ɶ˵ɶ

ӣϿȥ
촽ˣ΢΢һʹ۵ζβסӡ
ޢԱߣǺϵӣżⶼǰ˰벽
Ҳסˡ
ǸƽĽ̵ǳͷ
ӣĬĬ룺һո˭ţ
Էһδ̽󣬲Լĵߣϣڴ»СС»ޡ
ΪԼġݡܻƽ
ӣԷ˭
ƢͲһ¡
ǡ


52 

ȻǸ
ϵƺŵ˼ֻǵСϷ¶ҵŰɣͷҺү˵
รҲûټ֣΢΢ͷԼСüۼȻڲס
СϣҲֻǵġ
Ȼתͷ·лҳһ㣬ӣǨӵСԺɻסĹô
ʱ˵עˢˢضӣϡ
ร۹ҲСһˢؾͶˡ
ӣæվؾصصͷסùߣлĶ䣡
ͷšһ漴һüȻЦʲôˣҪ˵䣬ҲүĶ䣡֮סù߱ãү˵˼ˡ˵ǰӣط̫Сǳ֮СԺ𿴵طȴͨ͸үġ
ӣรɫͺѿˡ
ӣްι
̧ͷ΢Цſһϣֻ⣬ЦϸϸСԺĵضǰӽһǽ֮Źʱſء
⻰ѴˣүȻǨӣȻƫƧ֮
ײ縣รԺӣүǰԺ鷿ľġ
ôһ˵รϵ㵭һЩɫҲƽһЩ
ǰǨôϵطת
ĵó裬Ӧ鷿ء
Զ˶٣Ĭһ˲ЦŵʱȻ̣Ѿ̺ү졣ү㣬ĸҲҪ֪ϧǧҪ˼γ裬ĸǲͳӣΪ
รԱߣس˳ǣһĨмЦ⡣
ӣãء
϶˶٣΢΢ǰ㣬ӣһһֵҿǸغʵſġЩԭҲض˵ֻǡ
˵ֶԱߵĲյรķɨһۣ᲻ص̾˿
ӣ̾þͺˡ
รϹȻһ˲߳ŭ漴ԱߵŮһӲָѹȥˡ
ӣϽɵصͷлĽ̵һμסѵ롣ʱʱ̲̿ġ
ϵͷͷһڲˮ΢΢һЦ溬̾ܺã㶮£ʡģǸˣҲܵü徲ˣ㻹֪գүҲ޲ء˵⸮Ժᣬȴʵѵá
ร̧ͷӣ
ӣһֵ̿ޣ֣̿ǣ̵ܳ̽һĸˣ

밲󣬴ӸԺոɽԱһգ˱Ҫ̤ϻظ˾ӴС·ˡ
ֻǶ΢ף漴һĮ߿ˡ
θЦŶӣͷ˸ƽضӣʾ
ԭλǰģȻһĻ
Ȼû߼ȻվסŲͣͷӣıӰ
չ֮£ӣ߸˵˵Цʲô
ԶԶǾӴȥˡ

صԼСԺöøոս˿ŷˡ
ӣǰһĵǸֲˣھͿԳԳԡ
һ˵Ҫˣʱ˵ʲôҲˡ
ӣ䣬ϴ֣öԼϵΧȹȻͿʼˡ
һǽ˿졣
˿ãɿڣǺʲʱĺ۲ִһЩʱҲҪһЩ
ʵԽڵĺ˿ʱԽ
͸֮󣬹ˮΪ÷۸Ӿˬ
Ȼˮöһ߱á
ȥǵ꽴ۣ֥֭飬лĩټʺ콷
⼸֮󣬽յù̵̹ͽȥһؼģ²ߣζͷ
ͽȥ֮󣬵ף飬ϳ飬ΣǣĿˮ
Ѹղɵĺ˿Žȥټϻˣһ㻨͡
ȡ
ӣһһ׵ζͲƮ
ζʼʿˮˡ
ȵ֮һصĴ۾ˡ
ӣ۷ֳ˼С룬ö˽ϡ
˵ۿӣ˿ӣžץӡ
ˬķ˿һȥˬθڴ󿪡
ӣһ߳ԣһöͷ϶ðϸϸĺˡ
Ͻ˼ڲѹһѹеζ
̧ͷٿҲһֽӲһûðѿӷ¡
̫óˣ
С⽼ϴͣضӣݰݡ
ʺģҲҳһ㰡
ӣСͷ԰ģ㲻ܳԵġ


53 

֮ӣݡ
һӣͷһɫֹ
ӣ̧ͷһ۾ӵʵôˣ
ͷۣϲŵļͷ˿קһһã̾ãֵˡү˸ร⸮˶ͲóչάڸңɸҲҪЩ
˵ͷеͷ˿ųŶӵŸӣӣߣū˵ԽĻ˵ѡʱʶģ˶Ϥ׽֣ɵһֱδó裬ūųΧŸתūﲻ֪ôģǾò̤ʵ
һ˵һ߿ӣû˵ΪӣջˣһżӾҪȥˣūŶ죡ūҲǵĸ񣬸ɱūţ
ӣְӲקοɵǸҴӼģ͹ȥ
˶٣ᰴ˰ļ򣺡ģзִ硣
ﳤسһȥˡ

ӹ÷ɿ죬תѾร
ϯǰԺмشΪȣʱҲЩܹͷȵʱǰʱ֡
ӣȥʱ񡢹м檶ˡûʸү߸
ҲվŻ¶ء
ѵõİǰʾĻᡪȻǾĴˣ˼
θߣӣ̸ЦЦݿ䣬һתż檣ʱüͷһ䵭дŲмε
Ϊ̫㣬Ѭô˺ü磬θ־ŮҹȥԸվԶЩ
Ѭ˴
ϴԸ˳ģһ⻰˳ҽõӣü۵ؾˡ
θӣöһĻ̨ǷĻ֦Ҷ۴ش»
վȥ͵ձԼȥС
檶ЩǱ
أȻؿˣǵҺɡ
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檸Ͻȥˡ
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æ밲ȵˣֳŴҵͷʾ⣬һӵĸ
θŴĺ󱳣ʹߴٵȥն밲
ĺǣܸеնȻУϾԼס
ӳֽӣӲק˳
θʾһȥ
ն밲ȵС˵仰
ȻԼĺӣθԸϹϾϸиĲรģԴмĵϲ
־ժϵĻףЦеصõնﱧ
ԥһ£תСﻳ
۳ŸеΣϽŴ񣬾ǰǰˡ
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Ͻվ˳־ͰѴ˶ӲһĸЦؿŴǰȥ͸İ밲
ﱧŸޣ밲ʱȻЩѣİ̧ʾ
ϱŴһͻݵظİߣ˵Цʱʱ񣬲ס·Ǵĸһ㡣
θŴ˾ɫЩ΢Ȼ漴סˡ
ʱรҲڹˡ
ûǳ֮ȫ鱦׹÷һ˶΢΢׹
รϵɫҲʮޣһվֱĵһɫĸʮꡣ
Ҳˡ
СˣͳİЦˣ˵ֻС֣һŰװֵСİе꣡꣡
ôһԱССĴʱ˺ˡ
ȵʽʼˣߵŮʼǰš
˵ӣǴִԽǽһִ磬Ҳôš
ſӣƵسԷͬʱһֻ䣬Ҫһףʱ򣬾͸ŶյˣҲ¡
ټϱиϸ緢½θ񡪡͸ˡ
ոһǰһӣƷأȻоһԼϡ
Ȼһξ룬ӣȻееĶ⡣
̧ͷͿร΢΢°ͣԼ
ӣЦЦµִۣʾӣٸԼһ鷽ŵĸ㡣
ؾ׽Ÿ㣬㣬ȴรŵ飬ȻҲֻһ˲䣬ӣȴشв׽һ˿г񡢷·յζ


54 ƾͼ

һΣϯûˣ˽һԸˡ
ΪϲϷӾȻУ
ĺɫ٣ŮǴ£æӣС̫žµˣһյյؽϡ
ϷӵҲͽ̨ˡ
˵ǡСϷӡʵ١ϾǱոһһעĿĴҲǾǶϷͼϲְˡ
һǸϷ̨ϵСηüÿ
һƬ֮䣬ӣһתͷͷѾϢزˡ
ϯϵ˶̸Цûע⵽
ӣͷµغһֲɫؽΧɨһȦͷรŮһתھĵȥ
һŮ漴油λá
ӣջߣһ̹ӡ
ӣƲСĵؽ̴ڵأȥ¼ʱӣҲڵ˵ߣɿ˵˼仰

ûһ԰ַǷ֮ʱ˶һ۵СŮֱӾͱӣˡ
ֻûûСŮսӣӣ͵밲ǸϽȥһˣæأ
ӣͷ¿ӣֽӲ˲ǣһĪĸԺģ
СŮصūӵˡ
ӣɻصֲûǶȥôûأ
СŮ͵ǰ˿̽ߣūŲһʹŮ¶棬ֻϵūҲǳ£ⲻ˿̽ʵ߲ˣūŹϽȥأ
ӣȻǰŰɵӣŵǰӿɲǲˡۡǸԺǻζ˺üأ
⻰һڣӣŶһȻ漴ĵʵǸôˣ
СŮϽȴǸ񷽲ֻǳʲôʵĶںµ۵úܣūȰ񱨸ϽҴƣǸ˵ǲรϲӣ˲รأūȰǸǽõģ˽Ͻȥưգ
һ˵һ߾
ӣԥԥƸǶ
״΢΢˺һֱСԣ˳СӵӣһˣĸǺ档
СһͷˮȴȻ˵ͷ
СԺ󲻻ֻһС̫࣬Ҫ˵ģϽǴõᣬһŻЩ
ʱ̨ϵϷҲһˣһֱı˵Ҫͻ
Ǹȥ԰԰ȥˡ
ϯϸˡ
ӣֿ˿ǰСŮԥһ£ڵͷ븣һ
СŮͨ£߬סӣӣﷺ⣬ɸϽȥǼҸɣͬã⸮޿İɣ
ӣ¶֮ɫڵͷ·գ
СŮǰ·ˣҪϣæū̺Ҳһģȥأûע⡪˶ˣǵעĿ
ӣͷһۣŰɡ

µʵھϯĵطܽСŮȴߵƣòײŵǰ
Χĵģ̨һֵصūŶûС
ӣɿشǼӡһźͼȴѾסˣʣһҲŴ򿪵
ӣֻûע⣬½һ̨ס
СŮſڣתת飬ȴȥֻţɷµʵôˣ
ƺЩȴ
СŮһţתͷ浣ǵضӣɱ˹ȥȥưգ
ӣߵǰ̧֣ǲײعһ¡
ͣ½Ųվǰһհǰ˺ԥӣͣ˺ü롣
ȻѾðԼΪˡܵõһȣô
Ȼһͣ٣˰಻סˡ
бӣֻһɨͼһʶӰԱ˳βߣƺǸŮ硣
˶û˵Ϻݺ
ӣӦ伫죬Աһץס˸첲ʹһֱӽƽ
⧲ֱˤ˸࣬ûӣۼֿ̽Źˡ
Զһֱ͵͵Сӣ
ƺˣƴײ
С䣬š
СŮƲԣתͷߣӣȵץס


55 ׽

ҲӦǰȥʹӺСŮסˡ
ŮǽͷͶֱݺһҧȥ
һҧʵǺݡ۵һ֣СŮֻһܵûӰˡ
С׷ʮû׷ϣͷͼֱѾһźĳӡ߸
ҺûƤѪ
ӵŻڲסƣ˲˿ڣӣѾͷˣڸô죿
ӣһժؿڵ˿ڣһ߲һѶͷϵ亹ҪȲ
Ůʵ·ôˣһĻڡ
ӣܣ°عһֻڷҡҡڰڣ첽߹ȥֽǵȡ
˼̧ͷ˿ýżڿյ϶߳һȦݲҶ漴ȥ
硰ڡһ¾ȼˡ
ӣǰĻ⣬ϵǷſɤӺֻ˵ˮˣžϯǶԽԽã

ϯԱߣͻȻǱߣˮˣľּ֮ð˳
ͻ˵ˮˣֻһŵĻ֦ˡ
ﱧŵĴĸһˮˣ죬졭
̫ŮǷӦһˮͰˮ裬ȥ֮ȻİҲ̧žǱߡ
һȥ˶Źȥˡ
ǻȻСȴڿյϣϽշ򣬺ܿסˡ
Ա߾Ȼӣϸʱͼ֪ʲôʱҲѾȺС
߹ȥᳶ˳ӣЦбֵѽ߿ǻҲ˵һ
һקعͷ⻰סӣ죬üŪ۵ⲻҲûӣ
ӣȺһߣָֻŵرȻûƼθͲร񣬺ǣɺôϯţʵڲ̤ʵһֱѰ˼͵ǲ̫Щ͵͵ӣֽЩȥ
һ̯˵˵¶ô͵͵ˣȥأ
ӣ۲ϵı仯ЦеصͷԭˣһΪȥأ
һ£ȥʲô
˵ţǱ߻ҲͽСˣϼ״һøǶȥ
µȴ
ʵԣֻűȻҶڸסˣʱ˳
һ㶣üʲô
İҲˣ˳תͷ˷Ըȥһơ
ʢԱС̫һͷС̫ܳȥˣȵſڣͣһ˲ԥԥػͷүƺˡűˡ
İ΢һ漴򿪡
С̫ҪǰӣȴȻȺİǰСɿصүһ
İ翴ĿⲻɵǰԽסֵ˵
ร۹İסӣϣ漴·̵һ̽ת˿ȥ
ӣվֱӣΧһȦʱɫѺڣūŵΧӳյ
˿ӣ
кġɻġĽġҲĿġ
ӣվԭأͷƺ˼һ˲СϯϣŪˣӻһ¡ԭԸȥŸͻ˸ͼɨˣԸϯ
˵תȥŸϥ
ʾ
ӣ˶٣æؼոߵǰֵֹĶŽǸรٵĺӣ˶ֻ࣬һʱǿסʲôˣֻĸԺūţһʱ˾ƣϣ˺Ϳͼ͵ոĲϽūŽסˣֲСĴſڵĵˮү𷣣
˵ޣİȴеһ˼ɫ䣬ȴһһ䰵ȥ
üĳ࣬ʱﲻãü۾ԽԳһǿƵķ
˵ˡ
İ̧̧֣⣬˸ɢȥ
ȵ߿ˣŷԸūŽŴ򿪡
Ÿոձ򿪣С̫ŵһգʱ˵ء
ʢ״ԣǰȥѼС̫ƿӭһŮģŮӣǱصͷ˳
ʢЩײ˸ţæԱһӡ
ŮǰƻͨǶڣͨڵأƺǲ̧ͷӣֻƴ
รȻ֮һҰ


56 Σ

ɲǰŮ漴̧ͷ
ʵﻹõԸС̫ǰȥһŮͷ
Ůʹɵ
ƻ֮£˿รŮ١
İ翴һ٣ٲ߽ȥ
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ǰūţʱ˵ء
˵Ϊ£ʵҲṩԺϢĵطĴ̣ʱ췭һŸˣüޣ泱죬ϻŨŨľץһ˺µӡ
ǽ̨ϵĿС
ϵͲʻûжȥһϷȴȥˣҲɢɢϣ¶һƬţȥȻС̫ҼŷȴȻһ뻨Եķӡ
ٻͷٵģ˶﷢ʲô
Ҫ
ʢعȥţַԸſڼūţκ˲
Σϲعָ̧֣รͷֲ÷ǲɢˣรȴٳٲ߿ԭ֪˭
รҡ
ٿǰȥסร½Ǿ͵รȾūţȾūţ
Ŵ˻รȻͷһۣ·γһ㣬ֱ̧ϺݺһȥҪĶƽʱôܽǵģͿˣСϡȻеڱոȳ£
һŵ̧ͷร
ţһһֵضรรūŸ꣡ģǴֻԸȴūȥô
⻰лʱüͷһ˾񣬺ؽͶร
รܿߣֻɫس죡
һ˵һ͵߬סٵĸ첲սߣ޺޵ҧǱˣµα⣬Ӳ˸ֻҪϣұһٻ
ٻһȻرۣ·һ㣬Ŵ顣
รˣĬˣ԰
ɫһó˸ƣʾߵŮǰȥϿร
һร䲻ȵصУ԰ĺã
˵꣬ߵǰŻ٣ƽ̺รܵҲǸСĽģ²еģ飬˵η壬үҸ
ţﵹǽȼϣ
˵ʵ顪ô˵
˵รƺһУУϷһȻİĿһУ
˵Ա߼ලһУ۳ѾյÿҪƫƫһ˲䣬ļûס뽫ƽӡ
˭֪Է׼һַԼų棿
ô˵
˵⾭˴˴Ͻӣรˡ
˶óһ֡
ֵ޷СŮӵڡ룬УΨһӵӵ˭ݽڸ֮µ˭
ȣ˭Ҷร£
ѻʯ
οıˣҲรһŮ˶ԣʵԵ˺
ԣô˵ô⣬˵ͨġ
รԡµα⣬Ӳ˸
һСϣĻ磬Ϩȥ
Щ಻סˣǵص˵ǰǰ󵽵ôһ£
ʱС̫ǽˮУϷŪ˹
СȻǺǶϾǱոǰеİ磬ʱȳ棿ֱŵĹڵϲסģһźװ׵ĿʱҲŵŤˡ
ֻûˡ
ղϷ̨ӣһ̫˹Цؽ嵽̨ȥϷݵĺã˲پƺǮ˵͵ġ
С־񣬼ǮиˣҲûĸӣƱͺˡ
ǾѰƺңģǾЩˡ
Ҫ֮ʱǾƹˣ뷽֣̫ϸǰֻߡ
ȵٺѹʱİ͸˾ѾˣϵҲ챻˺ˡ
Сڵϣʹ顣
߶µ˵ţһ߻Żŵ·ƫƫ·ס䡣
״Ͻסۣתȥֻİү


57 ޶֤

İɫ࣬Уüһɢ𺡣
ʢ͸û˸ҿЩ
С֪Լ˴£ԩˣ־òУǹİǰģȻһֱԱ˹ȥ
С̫ȥҪУͿСȻˮ
ŵˡ
˱ȥ֮󣬸һӷ֣ٱƵ㵱治˵ʵ
ٽҧͷ·¶һ㣬βŵ͵͵ūŸūŸԸūźͿˡ
İ˵ıĮ
Ŀһร˶ѺѺǰԺȥ
ѺǰԺҪʵ˼ˡ
รԣ٣Ŀһɾв֮⡣
С̫٣ȫû˳ӵ˼Ȼ͵س˹ȥ
ʵ̫죬ߵС̫඼ûзӦȵȥקʱѾˡ
ūǵľУֻ飡һʵ죬Ѫһֻڴһ㣬Ĵ̱
ص˵ϣ۾ţضรķ
Ѫӿ
³ͻȻ˭ҲûԤϵรŮƽٽõģʱŵõͽг漴ת
รվԭأֻǽҧס촽һؿٱ̧ߣѪεεڵϣһ·Ŀġ
̧ۣŸֲסĨؿڣ
รسһ

һϣӣһֱӣԺﻹٴѪܵĻ档
Ӿ̫ǿҲˡ
Ȳ͹ȵȲ裬ˣǶж񱨡Ǹʶһ֣챻ľǸˣ
˵˶٣¡ǰ֣İıรۿһĻ
ʵΣⳡ涼˵ˡ
รһУֻ衪ֱҪ
һ
СҡβܽӣСӸں棬ҪС⽱ȥӣȴ̧̧֣ʾС⽹
С⽱ë׵ı˲䣬Ȼֻƣˡ
Сӣúܺáӣ
СէȻ̧ͷ۾˴δй⡪̫ʵ飬ǰ񸮵ʱҲǱޱѾԱˡ
ûأ
öˣááūŻ飡
ӣЦЦۼֿ죬ϣ˵ҰƽӵʱѾôһ¡⻹ܽв飿
Сվֱˣˡ

ҹˡ
ӣİǰԺ׻ԶЩĶ
׼ϴԡˮͽݣ̺ӣϴԡ
ȵͷʱ̲סСʵ񣬻һ£ūŲסΪθҪ˵ˮ˵͵˲أʵͲµдŵô
ӣԵسĬһסӣȻµˣȴҲûʮֵİաรŮѱ˾ǲรСʲôǣ
ﵹû뵽һ㣬ӣһ˵ʱסˡ
ӣϣĸ˻һٵأȻһ׮ţʵ˵ֱӽҷϣʹˣأ
ۿ
ӣӣȻүֻҪң뵽ȫǰ顣𣿡
ɱһǧ˰ٵ¶Ųأ
ԭһ͵ЦϲԽƵūŵĺøūſɵˣǰڸ̺ʱūֻøȴ֪ԭ˼ܣǺʹǰһ任˸ƵģϧͬһҲˣ
ӣͷѾˣӣѣֻİʹ͵СͰ˹һǰһطڴͷʹβ
⽥Ϯ
ӣ˯

ڶһ磬Ϸֱӱͳ˸ȥǺŻͳȥģҲֻʤǰԺūŲ֪ˡ
ֻƣԴŮԺһ㹻ɱͷҲֹˡ
ûǣϷӣѾİ⿪ˡ
Ϊ˵ʱǲɢ磬˲еԭίֻΪԺūŹ˻ϣȥ͵˱ոĲİ緢
˸รӣߵūţ˶֪¡
֪ҲĪһйŵֻƬ
˭


58 ȥСԺ

ร죬űеİǰԺΡ
ʱˡ
ȻǺüıŲ
ȥŻ·ϣСӣҲС͵͵ġ
Ŷᣬ͸Ͻ¶ԼҸ
ӣϵģʲôʲôรУ޵г
Ҳᵨôˡ

ӣȻԴһ֮İûûգʢС̫ˣ˵İ˼̫٣һЩ
ˡ˫֣˫۾šҲȫһЩ
ոշ飬İӣԺˡԲˡ
ӣ뵽ԼǸ̫δЩ̫ۣһȥ
ʢЦеأһһүԸ⡱ֿС̫࣬һ˵Ҫһ˻ȥ˶һ֮ӣ±˵Լ
սսŲվԼǰ
ӣŲģǽ˶ˣһȡСӡһСӣɰȻֱСӴȥҷ¡
С̫źɰ˵òУСӺ棬һһ硱
СӼʱйεֶ֪ˡŶǴūŵֵ˶˴̣ҷ¡
˵ҲҪһ¡
ӣƽʱû¶ϲоʽǶˮǲܶϵģҪʱʱ̶̿š
⣬̿ҲҪȥ
ŷȡصʳģöϾңδö
ºˣСӺСӣȥŷŶóˡ
ŵʱصذ˴ϣԺӾ͸ָ·ϵȥŷķȻöŹȥˡ
ŷһ˸ߵͭһţеıԺūѾŶˡ
öʿԶԶؾż˸к
ʿöҲЦŹˣһʽĲ˵˳ͽСӺСӴһ
öܾضʿ磬ǸԺλСӡСӣţҲǹһġ
ʿöĹ΢΢һ˲漴糣΢ЦҲãʡˡ
һ˵һ߰׼ТӣĸʳеݸöСæöӹˡ
ʿϷһ㡣ִӻͳһֻСֱö
öСèһ۾ɴˣæҵشһƣʱֿЦˣϲĶɳ÷⣡
ллʿ磡ص
ʿЦˣԼ֪ҲЦˡ

öСӡСӽˣʳҲͻˡ
ϣӣ׼һ˿Ӳˡ
˿ддشãθ·ֱǼҳ˵ľƷŮ˶
ӣǵԼϴѧʱѧУóԵʳһСڣ˿ˣĹ񫣬ҲŵĶ࣬ϲζ
뵽Ҫˮ
ΪڵĴʵ̫࣬ӲԳVIPϰ嶼ʶˣÿζ1.5˵ķ
ʼԼԺѧĵһƷ˿
ŷѾϴɾˣӣϴɾ˫֣ΧΧȹɿؽк˿ȻΣۣϾƣ͵Ͻʮҡ
ʱ䣬ʼһ˿
ž궹꽴ˡ
ӣѴؿռȡĶ꽴ҨһףöԱеϸϸĴнĩƴͬһֻһԡ
ȻȡС룬ðǡϾƣΣͣףˮ۶ҳһ֭
öָСӣԶ˻ӣͣһһ˿¹ɫ˿Ӷ꽴㣬ٷʶ罷Сĩһ졣
ΪϲƫζֶһǺһ͡
˿ȣ͡
һ˿ܿͳˣζŨɫ˿һ۾Ųӡ
һ˿ԱߵŶʱԵòˡ

ǰԺ鷿İոմӹʢźţϴ˸
ϵˮһȲ裬ϡ
ȷʵ۵ˡ
ʱŶ嵭ľʽİֻһ̧ۣʾ⣬ūǳˡ
ʢһ̣֪İŽҪȥĸӵСԺˡ
Ȼİߣ붼û룬ʶ͵ȥСԺ
СԺӣסˡһֱôƺİʶظôƺˡ
ʢһ֣˴İڿС̫ɱȥʰˡ


59 ҹ԰

СԺӣšǵ˿ζʵǺãһЩöҲ˳
ͼ˳Եþ۾ﾲĵģʲôҲûС
ȻүʱԺż˿ζˡ
ӣ밲İ˵¡
УﻹһЩȵ˿ӣֱӹȥʢ̶˻ˡ
İûӳ˳
Ƚϲңõһҧ˶罷
İ΢΢üţתͷ˼Ứ罷Ǻˡ
ӣ˵оظ׷ݹȥˣү伸׷ȥѹסζ
İ綼˵Ҳ˲÷ˣֱӰ˺ü׷
Ȼ˿׷ƽʱ˰롣
ӣ͵͵ЦԼܳԣȻ㲻¶ĩˣūһ
һڲ裬İ˽ʲô
ʱû˿ġ
ӣ˲֮İȻ˼һ£ںδ
ӣĬĬڶ²ۣеĳԾͲˡôⰡ
İ£Цŵȷʵû㣬ֻó㣬ô֣үϲԺÿζү
ʢſڣ⻰ĬһƤÿζ˼ɲү𡭡
ҲаԺͺһֶΣƾ¡
ƾƾŮƾ顢ƾա
պãҲһֱ¼ӳֲǣ
İӣĻֱɨһۣ˵ͷ
Ȼˮˡ
ӣĸ衣
νĸʵʣϴɾ棬ƤƬȥˣϱڻںͺ赹һٶһЩۣһʺˡ
гкȣθڡİ⡣
֮İѵõشӣԺȦԻ¡
ӣ̧ͷҹգ£
ػİǳԳˣʵȦ
첻ȣ԰·ƣյ㣬Ȼû¹⣬ȻĴŹƣݴԼө棬Ϻ£衣
ӣİ֣ɵظİ
İȳ·ǴǣʱӣСˣϡ
ʼǿӿ첽Ӹϣʵڸˣͻᳶһİӣʶؽָסİָ
İ΢ͷۿǹһǳǳĻȡ
ϲôǵС
ǰߣʢʶȤūǷ˲ӣԶԶظں桪İ͸¡
һ·ţһˮͤʱڴƲ¶ԶĹİϣֻӳĵüĿ䡣
ͣһ֮¡
İĺã̧һ䵭̷ɫ֦
ӣֻǰһ󵭵ĳˮ㣬漴ûӦ;ԼıǼѾ촥İؿڡ
ǰԼڷǶ仨
ӣգգ̧ۣ޼Ļʪģҹ¶ˮ⣬մȾָϣĵķɫԽ𪡣
İ΢΢ͷ۵׸ֳһ˿Ц⡣
รյ֮ʱûรǶȥˡ
̫¡
θأ̫ˡСĵ˿Ŷۡ
أǾ֮УէһҲûеҵոȡ
أȲסˣҲס
ǰӣİ̧֣˷ߵ鷢뵽รһյ顪ЩУȴܳסˮˣáū͵˵˶Ŀ
һֻС꣡
İţͿӣһۡ
ҲΪร¶ԺԸˡ
ôһʱûӣȻԭԼͦ
İôһ˲䣬ȻЩˣΪʲôҪӣôԶСԺ
ӣİɫػصر仯Ȼ֪ʲô
ôˮվŲһĴǾе䣬תͷȻʹ˸СС硣
ӣǼ⣬ССһţִأİĬֱۣסӵĻ

ӻ԰ʳϴ֮˶˰ɫ¡
İȻܺã˶Ĵ飬ڵ¿ʼùˡ
ӣ°Ͷһʵģܹȥߡ
İҲû߿
Ȼӣ𽥷֣İ飬ʵͦԼһ׵ġ
ȿͨһ飬Ȼ󻭳һЩҪ͵Ĵʾ䣬ֱӽԼдԱߣΪССע


60 

ȻһЩʵдµģͻֽдϣȻҳͬʱֽźҳϱš
ȵˣС̫ͻЩֽһŰҳϡ
⻹ꡣ
һҪǰ쿴飬һЩעĵط¿һ飬˵ڶεĸпдϡ
ӣȻ뵽˺ЩӺ۵ע
ȻЩ׹ˣԭϰǴʱ˰
ӣĻİרע飬ָһ
ֱߵĿһƵұȥ۶ôζ飬һҪȫݡ
ӣУѾ֪˯ٴˡ
ȫ鱾İڷ˱ʣ̧ƣüġ
Ȼֻúһůڴ˯ӣԴһᣬſϡ
İһ΢΢תͷͿп米֮ϣ˯ӣ
ƣͿӣһֻֻקס½ǡ
İﶯ˶΢΢򣬰Σֵصӣ
ӣ˯ˣİ纰ȻҲġ
İĬƬ̣ûūŽֻǰӣԼļͷȻǱȥ
ӣ˯óССһţİ籧ͷĽëԹԵĴڰСϣСϵѣ΢΢ȶų
̬һֻСè䣬һֻ˯Сè䡣
طGӣСĵطڴϣضһ˲ᴥ˴Ľë
ӣһ£һ˳ưİ䱧סˡ
İһֻ߲ӣļͷֵдԣСһӣſү
ӣ˯ú㡣
ˣһǽ߬߬úܽ·ܰһ㡣
İ˼ξȻû½Ǹ
Цõ˴̣ס˻С˶ϸϸ֫§§
ڰеҹž˵
ӣԺؾͽԴİļѴ˲䣬һѰ󱣻ơ
ϴ飬Ҳ˰ա
طGӣϸϸĺͷ΢΢¶
漴·ʲôסһ㣬ļһɬۡ
ǻӣͣŮ̺֮䡣
ӣһ
ȻȴΨһһãʹֻôڻҲŮˡ

ڰУãİҪ˯ŵʱ򣬺ȻӣԱߺһ䡣
С΢΢űȴ׽ˡ
ſҺҡ
İͷһ𣬱תͷʵӣ
ӣüͷţִſǻ˵һ䣺Һܺ¡
İ΢΢ȥԭС˶˯ŵģֻ˵λѡ
һ¾۵òˡ
ǰԺԺŮĮû顣
Ȼϲһ˵ʱ򣬺ܶʦͨġ
طGӣһ󱦱һ㣬˴ӶԼڣ¡

ʱѾˡ
İؿӣƬ̣ȻʾūŽ̺Լѡ
ڻأӣ۾ˡ
İ΢΢һЦȥԴĻ˯һؼ
˶٣סӣ֣Լ󣬵ү㡣
ӣڴأСŽţͷϻһë
Ϊո˯ѣ֮⻹Щã¶ˣԹԵͷŶ
Ȼ·ŷӦһסİ֡
İһͰˣԼǰ˳־ͷס
ūż״Ŷȥˣ˷š
İ֣ӣһ£ﺬһЦ˼ӣ
ӣ
˭
ӣһ˲Ȼ׹İںԼء
óŶ
һ¾ͺˡ
ƫƫ˼Ҫǿװ򶨡
İģʱܵ¶ȵı仯
ϵı仯ЦԽԽָỮ²¡
ӣ촽Ծؾ̧§סطGĲӡ
İ˳ƾ͵ͷǣߵ˵һʲô
ۿӣ˲һֻĴϺİһЦŷſ󲽶ȥ
СԺԺţû߼Ȼ뵽ʲôƵģһ٣ͣͷԸʢȥŷӽŽӰʱ
ʤӦˡ
ŷ˵ȫϨиŵʱġ
˵ĳ㵽ĳ㣬ǴҶŵʱ򡪡ʱιʽȺųġ
ˣ˵ûᣬϾǲá


61 λ

ʢߣǰŸողȥŷǶԸأŷܹ̫ࡪ̫԰͹ˡ
һ٣ɫ̿ζУƺƵ˺üС̫
öӹʳУһһĿһӡ
̫ӽͶһЦ⣬۽ǵӶЦˣֻ˵º̺òܵصعʸĿζȥĽĽ
Ҳû˵ӣȴ˼Ϊ֮ǰûóʱŷһʱ
̫ͷȴζ
Ͼ˵꣬ô˾ˡ
ӣû˵䣬ͰĻͿסˣͷЦеŮ˸ɰ
̫ӹɰ̤ʵˡ֪񲻼ĳ𣬿Ա߶ŷС̫࿴ţҲ棬̨׸ء
һʱٸнȻЩꡣ

Ժ
รǧһǧʲô³ˣūˣ
Ůʫڵϣһ߿ͷһ߿Ȱϡ
ҲǴŮٺġԴٽ֮󣬲รֻҪûȰסˡ
ⲻ˵үΪ񣬷ԸŷŽӵӴӳʱ
үѾܾûรˣรѣţͰѿϺݺһӣɫҲˣһ˵ҪȥǰԺүһ˵Ҫúȥ
һСŮ÷ģȲҲǱรɫŵһˮˡ
ร߹ȥһš߹ϡ
׵ĸǼӲһߵĿɲᣬ÷ʱƺһ۵ɫˡ
Ҳҳ
ۿūǹһء
վſڵ̫СӸϽǰŵӾรǰһգſǻūŵĺӣǧΪǲֵĺԸӣǧū˵䡣
ʫ÷ؾСһۡ
û֮󣬲ร߶ʱ˸֪֪ȡұۡ
ǰèԾԾԣλˡ
รСӣһ䡰ӡֻʮʹ죬бһۣ˵
Сӽһ촽Ȼ͵ؿͷȥڵϾͲūŶֱˣรˡรʵǺͿ
รһ¾վˣһͽϵĲյס߸߾Сӣ˫Բūţǳµİգ
С̧ͷȭͷϵҲ˳ŲӴรūŲ£ūรίģж񣬶ﻹһλСӣʲôӮľ棬ƫƫԸֽһ㣡ūʵรʹİ
˵һǻ鼤Ŀ˳
รﱾᣬֻһƬȻ
һƬįڵǸ߹˱รүķ
Сһ⻰ľҡͷรรǧô룬ô룬ĥԸ־˵磡
һӳأ˭ǰۣƼ¶ѽλСӣĸںأΪôһ˷磿ֵģ
รüͷЦһ£ǣһôأ
СӾһϥǰս˲รūзӣร԰꣡ʲôҲȥǰԺүү͸ร˵ֻ˵ǰ⽹꣬ЩҲʮֺڣֻĻأ
รЩ⣬̧ͷСӣҡӱȥү
С
˵ˣ㲻͸Ҳ֪ӣǰܵóģ
ȥռһơİʱ硣
ս˲䱻
ֻͷǣรǰǼ£ѾүģүҲʮֲá˵¶ϿĨƽˣүδعȥรʱһܣЩ¶һҲүǰĺã
รôƪ۵һ˵ԥߣֽǵصү㱻ǺסûУָô죿
Сܿһֹۣ
ϻ⣬ǲɢūţֻ˿ʫԣֶСӺһ˵ɡ
Сۼűϣվ΢΢ҡͷ̾Ϣรǰ̫һԭҲ¸ó裡
รüһ̧ͷСӡ


62 ߥ

С̧ͷȻ˵żҲǸģһգūүֻ⣬סģ
⻰˵е̼ˡ
รٿȻ̧ͷԹصСӺüۣȦˣ·Ŀڱһ˽ȥ޷Ľţֻۡ
ֻۡ
Ŭȥһİ統ڷӣʱ飬ֻҧŭ˵ϻؼģ˵
С΢΢һƤรؾƣΪʲôסǰһ֣ŶԷ¶ǡ
รüһһֵϽúܣҪд֪Ҫȵ£
СЦЦรٽҲ©ʱֻҪߵýֵġ
˶٣ūţͬʱǽأϧλǺһͬĸȴƫƫ벻үۡ
ร΢΢һ˼ؿСһۡ
СѾ촽վֱ塣

ʮ֮ۼԺˣūǷŶǲˡʫ͵סСӣǰҲǸʵģߥ޲รҪʲô
СӱסӣҲѿֻǵߥޣֻ۾ߥ޲รˣһȰรԾƶ԰ꡪѵҲߥô
ʫЦŵรֻ۾ǿö˶˵ʲôǲรڵľƻ鷳𣿻Ҫߥ£粨
С͵˦ӣɫʫΪٽˣڲรŵһˣ㲻ǿҽڲรǰʼɰˣ
ʫɫһ䣬΢΢˼ȻǰСǽϣǰȥ۾һһֵҶʼ㣿ʲôǸڲรߵһŮ㲻һʹС̫ࡪҲ
˵ʱϢСӵϡ
СӴۣͷϵ¶¶Ȼ̧ͷſʫ¶һ΢Ц
Ц͸ɭȻ⡣
Ȼ֣͵شӿʫͷϰһӣԼ߱ǲ᲻صһ
Ѫ˲
ʫһʶ˼ʲô
Сӷ޽ʫ㣡ʫ㣡ūҲֻΪ˲รãҪ뿨ʫūҲҶˣʫĹūŵգ
һ˵һߺݺݵؾͽȾѪ˿ʫ
ֵĲСรҲˣͼһԺūŶ˹ΧſʫСӡ
ʫɢңߺޣһϻȾѪŴĿģรγһ㣬ķ
ϵɴ۵ô£
С죬޵ϥеǰߵѪۣ˸ͷŵรʫ㷽˵ūݱڲรǰ죬รߵĴŮȨūٸڲรǰ죬˺ūŵ죡
⻰һ˵ĿʱͶ˿ʫ
ʫû£ָСӵһɺԣѪˣ˵˵ЩʲôߵǷǺڰף㻹ҪҪˣȻǶӾļһһ˵Ĺûˣ
⻰һڣԱ߼С̫඼ɫ漴ǰСӵӵĵӣķ
Сתͷʹ޵ͼλСˣ
ϼСӴѪȻʵڿҲɵؽɵĿͶ˿ʫ
СӽӹӣûѪۣȲᣬ漴޵รūһƬģؿɱֻΪรһŲŶ˼䣬ʫԩūţūﲻŽ˼䣬˭֪ʫΪ⣬һʱŭգȻͷϵūŵ죡
˵ʱǣ˿֮һѪֹ
รֶ̧СӵȻȥٽ֪ͣһƬģȥաϢա
ؿһۿʫû˵һ䣬תӡ
ʫվԭأֻһǻѪ˽ģҲȷʵΪร˼
ǰٽڵʱԱ߿Ųร١ȻҲɫȴһ͸Ρ
ڲˣรǵΣҲбġ
վǳͬ
׽٣ֻһ³
ôأ

ӣǶͿʼĥһ֦¶ˡ
Ͼİ˵˻Ҫ
öںߴ֣ȻЦˣССس˳ӣ㣬
תͷͿԼҸһţһڳ裬鼫õӡ
ö۾ЦһǸڵȴүʱͺܺأǲǣ


63 

ӣûע⵽Ů˵ֻȫעض¡
ദվã֣Ȼİ粻ϣƺͦϲζĶ
ȻϾֻǸ갡
ǰӵ̲裬ζ˿Ũİͺϲ
һЩţζĸ㣬ƺͦϲ
ʵӣԽ֮ǰҲϲζĵģƬǹһĳԡ
Խ׼һ֥ʿţ̡
ƷʵͦսѶȵģΪǿ䣬ûп䡣
ǰ취ӣǵǰʳAPPϵĴרã˵ó໥ϣа취濾䣬Чࡣ
ӣȡһƬӳտռó֥ʿƬһԱãȻ󽫽ŷţһ飬ƣݾǣ׵ۣȫһȡ
Ǳߣ̫СѾˣöС׼ţӣȥʳĵ˽ȥ
վڹԱߣһһؽ裬ͬʱҪöŻĴСֻСļȣֱðݡ
ʵʱʳĵζѾ˳ˡ
ӣּ֥ʿƬۿ֥ʿƬһһںʳ֮С
ȥصĲˡ
һؾҪСʱʱļʱʽһʱ
İʹ͵ıͰ˹ʳϣŽ˱Ͱ֮ڡ
صȴʱ䣬ӣͿʼϵĴˡ½̼
Զ˺þˣ
̼ü鳴ɣˬļŴټˬƤ棬óˡ
öѾѴŷļϴпˮˡ
ԽԽӣʡ˲ʱ䡣
ȻͰɫ
ɫǱÿӣĵС𰾱ǣɽɫʱ򣬿ʼòӣһһ㽫ƽȥ
ʱҪƵĺã߹У̫Ļڸл𣬵ǳ˵Ļֻ
ۿû⣬ӣĵһѼ鷭ɫּӽ⣬˽ǣҶϾƣ飬һ𷭳
˿ַˬгϸ˵κβϵǵصصġˡʵζɣİо
ӣ̵ڹ﷭öͷѾˣܹݸӣ
ڹһһŻζð˳
ʱҪʼơˡ
ҲüڸпԸõһСؼӣֱûơơ
Һﻹǰµ׾ơ
ӣһߺŸ裬һ߽׾Ƶ˹ϲڼĿڸУǶһ
֭Ũʱཷ
Ƥ档
ȵ̼ȫ깤Ǳ֥ʿţҲصĲˡ
ӣȡгһС飬ͿĨϵҺƵġ䡱п˺һ
ȵʱ򣬿ţ̱΢΢⽹ۣӣһŨŨ֥ʿζۣĿڸк̢м۵һ顣
ֱ100Ʒ
ӣ̵ӣһ֥ʿţ̽һתͿİ糤վſڣЦؿ
ֻǿ΢Ц
ĺɫᣬЦҲᣬЦһ˿˵ĳζ
ߵūȫһأӾ֪İʱⲻŵġ
ӣǸˣȻҪ˵밲ͱǺ
ȿȿȡҪ
İϽǰһ˹ӸԱʢһ־ͷסı
öϽյ˹
ӣİֺһڣ㽥ƽİһסź󱳡
ʢԱߣɫؾò֥ʿţ̡
Ȼͫ׷Ŵһ¡
㣡
ݣūǶˣİסӣ£ַ̧˷ͷЩô
ӣͷ̧ûü¶ЦݣİѾһ¡
漴תȥ΢΢Ц
ӣĪһӲŷӦֱ̧˲աԭղ˵ʱŪ˲ٵϡ
˼£
İְߣԱūŷֽӣǺЦ⣬һ
ֺȣҲרע죬һӣ°͡ƼֱҪַȥһ
ӣƮƮȥñһԹԵͷ
İˣñͱ
һᣬסĸ첲ǰҡҡȻ΢΢Դشӽë¿Ҷˡ
˵꣬ŷǵһΡԼûʶղİǰһҡ֡
İҲһ漴򴽽ǣԾһƬº͵Ц⡣
ʲôû˵ֻվ֣屦һ΢Цŵȥ
ҪߣūڰŵȻֻչ۽ӣ뻳С


64 

ӣ⧲ҪİȴѾͷ
ȻסĴ
ӣ©һģ˲ֶ֪ĶˣֻľľվԭأͷİǿƵӶᡣ
̵̹ģһֻСϺס
ǻ棬ʱܽ
Ǻܿ죬ʲô벻ˡİʵ̫Եŵָʶ䣬ֻñ׵ûһ׹ȥ
İ֣סĺףһֻȴȻ
ԡ
һˣİָ΢΢ӣߣĶ
ӣ̧סȥ
İЦ
סһָޱߵҷһ󱳡

ȵ˳ȥˣˣѾһӡ
ӣ̧ͷۿȥͿԼĴ̼֥ʿţ̱۵λá
һ¾͸ˡ
ӣָİһ֥ʿţ̣үӲۣɺóˣ
İߵС̫ε˺ˡ
İس˳Ȼ͵ͷȻ
ӣЦˣԼҲһ顪֥ʿţ̣ȵĿڸжܺãطҪڸճʱԡ
ȻְѴ̼İǰƣش꣺ҵֲˣү
ʢ˵ˡҡ֣ʱƤһƣİһۡ
İ͸ûƵģϵسһ鼦⣬ϸϸƷһЦŵҲܺã
ӣ˵Цĵؾ͸İ翪ʼÿӾƤ棬մմ±֭¶˶СŽţҪԲźóԣ
ʵڿɰİӹӣЦĿתض
ʢԱ߸ղѾӣİǰԳơҡһ¡
㡱֡
üһһ
ӣİǰԽԽˣһٷ˵Ц߸ˡ
ƻԼʢİֵЦݣĬһ£˵һ
ԴТܲʻʺȥ󣬺ܾûİıˡ
ʢȻЩ˵͸п
ЩȻ
ܳİǰܵó裬治֪ĸ֣İĸˡ

ת۹졣
Ҳ֪СϢรԭ񾭳ڳʱĩȥ԰ȺС;ι㡣
รžͺͿˣȣǶôС
СรˣǰոմӹʱһǷģ˵Ҳţ˷˿ϧСֻطƫСҲû˴ԺǶôȥ
รžЦЦðȻûʲôȥ˵ҲЩǣ

ڶա
СԣվˮߣŸмһˮС
ιþˣҲͲôηˣˮӰһββض۹ȥ˲Сˮ
߸˵ιţͷϴһЦ
ЦСȴȻ׽ˡ
һʱеĸмȫˣֻĸСŮ̧ͷʵ˭
ط֪˶ٴˣҲֻдӵĹŮ̫ǴԺǲƵһ羰ġ
̧ͷɽ֮ϣһŮ黷ƣūǴεųһվ
ร
һ¾ˣϽü˳۵شˮรǰӾ͵ร밲
֮ǰļΣรҪôӣҪô˺һ֮ûһɫ
أȴһůŵһ֬
һ̧ͷͿรԷˡ
һˡ
รЦſеʳŬЦһЩ򿪻㶼ˣʲôιأ
ΪԼƣʵȴܵ˵ڶξš
รȻˮ³
һˣ˲佫Լȫһ顣
ûеĵطѽ
ร֣ǵֱЦŵ⵹ǸľĺõطҲǣߴ·ŵ⡣
รôԼ˵ӻǲˡ
ֻǿЦŵȥ԰˸ร徻Ҳʱιι㣬ǲ
รЦЦ̾һǲӹĻǺܼįѽ
⻰һ˵ɱ㰵ˣɫҲˣֻŵлรĹģʵϲ
รһ飬̧ס죬ʲôЦЦתһ˲ûסڿЦ


65 

ЦһͣסֻЦض񣺡ûмǴĻİ֮ǰһְֱҲ⼸Ż˾ǰɣ֮ŮѧԨԴȴ㰮˽Լҹüأֻƽ黭Ҳûأ
ֻεЦ
Ů˿վ󣬺Ȼ̧Ƥɨรһۡ
ร۲תһ۳С漴صûʲôÿЩͨƷ֣ԺףϵؽĵҪҪһȥ
񲻸ƴǣֻЦɲร̧һ۸Ȼã
รַ˷ޱߵķ΢΢һüֵЩˣһգ·㶼ϵõģá
۹תתСϣ漴̧һָЦŵ⺢ȥӭ㣬أҲͲش̺ˡ
ͷӦ
ȵԼԺӣʫรббпαϣʫŲյҪԼȣֹ̧ˣֻǵСӽн
ʫԣɫһ䣬϶Ҳһ͡
ร̧ͷһۣĿкǲãȥ
ʫһԸسȥˡ
ԺҲûԺֱָ˸СŮȥˡ
Сſ𣬲һˡ
֮รû˵СѾµʲô
Դһɵӹڵϣֻรʳڣװ˼һӣϸūԱ߿ţȷʵǸСġ˼䣬˵ˣ
รЦһ£漴üͷ壬ͷеĲˮڵЩԥѾͷ̫ʵˣǸСõģֻηηβܳ¡
СЦЦֻϸȰรǧô롪СðСĸɲǲรҪ𣿡
รһۣ˵
Сˣǰ񲻵ү谮Ҳͨ⸮סŸ綼Ҫһλʸģʲϣֻ񡣿ͬʱ븮⣬˭֪ûʧƽϹأ
รڣûö⣬ֻŵ˵һ֮ˣȻԲรء
รţЩ졣
еĲյһ٣ʮصֻӻûأҪô֪أ
СһţŵūŵĺӴǸŵôţͷҲ֣񲻻ȫϣ
รͷ߬еӣĬŲ˵ˡ

ڶգȻԼˡ
ʵô磬ǷطŮͿһأͷ֬λõĶ򵥵ʽ˻ֲ̿ϣһ͸ϽŤͷˡ
СվԱߡ
֮ϾȥԺĵˡ
һι㣬ūԶԶصȺš
׳һʳһ񣬵ýҲжʱˣʲô㣿
ӽԺһֱھ֮״̬˶ɪɪģһֻ̤ѵСӡ
ʱรʻͰ͵
รƣвʳӲɾ֣Цŵ˵ﻰҴǰǸ߰ЩʵڼУϲõģò˵ѷһ˳ˣʵϧүȻú۰á
һͨ£ร
รҲû
˶٣һС˵Ļʵã㲻ǵСЩЩһֱûүǰúñһˣ͵˷ô㲻ò𣿡
񻺻̧ͷۿร
รĿ֪񽻺áڶãǿڴһͬסһְˡǷ׷ǹʣʱţĲԽԽǳ֣άֶأ
һ˵ţһ߻
Ȼ֣ס°ͣһֱ۾ȥųýսԺ̧ͷһ۶ңҲһүó谮㣬ŵͨңηңȴδҡΪΣ
ƺǱҡʸ̼ˣһ̧һβõضร
ЦЦ۾һһֵΪг裬ûСԺֻõ
һĭҧס촽ڵϣ˫ץ½ǡ
ร֣ģһ֮


66 ɳ̻

İ縮ӹ÷ɿ죬ۿʢȵʱڹȥˣҲ͵
ʼ
รĶӵʱҲʼԻˣ֮䣬ŮǶС̺š
밲ʹ͵ĲٲƷ͹ȥ
ҲбʾθؾͽõĻͷñС˹ȥȻڸҲһЩӴɵСȥ
Ǿ͸˵ˡ
ӴһϣޢոָŮǽŲúãתͷͼˡ
ԺѰȻһСԺ޽֦
Ӻ濴ȥıӰֱ
ޢžеۡ
߹ȥؽӹԱŮŵСʾȥĬĬԵ˸һ
ֱתһ仨ǰޢһ߽ӹϼµ黨֦ҶŵรǶһӶûʲôūšܾòͷء
ͣеĶǰĻֿ֦ķ˼һŻ֦̬һรˣжҪӱСģ밲ȻᱹЩʲôɴСֵģ
ޢĬһ˲ū˵ūܾòร㰲£ίʵ
Цһ£תȥһߣһ΢΢£ڣ󿴰ɡǰ˶õģôһ徲ǰӷˣ

ʱСԺӣ׼±
ҹ쵽ˣŷѾʼ׼ɫζ±
ǰ죬Ϊֺŷص˸һζһôչһС
ȻӣһʳУû
̫ˣ
ʵԽ֮ǰرϲԱ±
µɳ̻±Ҳѽ
̻ƵζŨ̵Ƶζһҧȥɳڣɳɳ󣬲Ͳ塣
±Ƥͣóˣ
ΪİϲζģӣصūǴŷʳĵʱ򣬶һЩţ
ʵԺ֮УλÿţȡҲжƩรõķ϶縣ķ͸ˡ
ŷܹܷ̫һԺҪţ飬˵һ־С̫ǰöţͰ͹ȥˡ
ĳϣӣϵΧȹϴ֮ݷۣǽͷһȡ
ϲ±Ƥ̫ǽŵĺ٣ֻһ嵭ζͿˣ
Ȼͼۿʼ衣
ӣŵöЩΪϲ±Ƥֺ͵ĿڸС
Ҫ赽޸ɷ۵״ֹ̬ͣǿ䣬ûе綯򵰻һжֶֻܿ
ͦ˵ġ
ӣһûиĽ
ԱߣͷϽðһͷ飬۵òУһ߰һԸµ˵Ҫæ˼ζȲ
ӣΪ
֮öϸɾһȥɳڡ
ȻӣͿʼ±ˡ
ŷ̵ƣӲӵģƷӣһЩ׾ƣ̵Ǹˮ죬ѹ࣬ϸɸһ顪Ϊ˱֤һ±ڵĿڸ㹻˿
ĲͼˣϸɰǴȣټؿռȡĵͺţ飬ۣ׵ۣ͡
ǱߣСѾ
ӣѸղ׼õʳĶ˹ȥ
С̵Źߣӣѳ±Ƥʳģùһƽ
һƣһͬʱϽ裬ֹճ׺
ȻʵҲ͹ӣ̻ھͽˣζҲ˳
ʵ̻±ǲ̫ɢģڸҪӲһЩźáӣϲ̻ڣĸоǰ˻
ʱ򣬷һԾõ±ƤţҲɳںˡ
ӣŷֳʮСͬԲӡһѣ۾öһмž
ӣԼȥϴɾմϵĹҡ
ϵˮͿʼ±ˡ
ȡһСѹ⡢ѹѽɳ̻ڷŽȥ˫ѹסñƤչȥûƣڡ
Ȼ󶪽׵йһ¡
ѹˡ
ʵŷкܶѹģߵġʱľ
±Ҫãƽɫ㣬ľƶҪģѹġ
ӣûá
ԼѰһ˫ͷӣڱ滭˸ָĻ䡢СͼȻһַֻűתȦһֻÿӵıͷأڱӡƯĻߡ
ŽƵĿУÿ±涼ƽƵģȡ˳
±͸֮ŨŨζ͸±Ƥˡ


67 ĥ

ÿӣʳöԺֵˣ
ֵߵߵظӣ󣬰±ݡ
ӣæ˰죬Ӷء
ո£׼һԼͶɹİԺСӾ͹ˣ˵İȥǰԺ鷿
ӣ
ֱҪİǲԺװԶ̼أΪʲôʳһͻ׼ʱ֣
Ͻץʱ䣬ȳһС±ɳ̻Ƶζʱ˿ǻ
ɹζܲ
ʰӣԺӣСӣүǰԺȥˡ
˳±Ҳˡ
ǰԺƻͨİ鷿ǰܱʼأСӣˣȶİ˰ϸϸ˵ˡ
İעֽϣһŷӦ
Ȼһ̧ͷͿӣһɫװվڲԶһֻ֣΢΢ԴЦؿ
İеıʣ߹ȥסӣ֡
ӣ㿴ңҿ㡣
һ˲˶Ц˳
İ̧
ʱ䣬﹬ʵ̫æİкһӶûӣˡ
Ц⣬һȥס֣;ӣЩ
ϾˣūȡԼӣϡ
ȻſŵСʳС
һ͸
ʲôӹݸԱߵūţ˳ůסһֻ֣Ц
ӣָʲôʳˡ
ӣղڻ԰е㶳ˣʱһ˫ֱİůţˡ
һֻСèһһ۾ŶİųһůЦݣŵССĽش±Ŷ±
İһ±֣ʱûʲôڴˡ
±СԵһɶǴ⣬޲ðŷǶȥ
ʱǺԣĻƱµţԸԽȥڣ
ٺ棬鷿ÿڣҲһıƤȻͲˡ
ڳ˹˸ŷҲ±
İ綼ˡ
ЦЦܿӣ±Ļ⣬ֱס֣ߵŵԡ
һţӣʱİΪʲôӣһˡ
СԺӸڲ¡
ǰϵĲˣţһ붼ϲԵģмҪȳԲźõ֣˶Ų
ոŷģİǰԺˡ⼸ˣƶǸոճģ
ӣôأİס֣˳ưᰴ£ӣ㳢⼸ǽ칬ĴͲˡ
ӣôһ˵֪Ϊʲôİ纰һˡ
ȻеȺġ
ͷӣͿܱվһȦūţöе
ô߿ųԷ
ʢʱȴѵõûˣǰϰԵź򣺡ү
İ絭ȥɣ̺򡣡
ʢһ𣬷Ӧǡ
̫໹һԥվԭأʢǰȥӶ̫ƨɳһ£Ͱ˸ˡ
ףİǱ̺˵ģ˸ϳֻΪϰ߳Ըô˿Űˡ
İ
Ȼʢſڣİ庢һһЩ˺̡
еЦûͣ
һӣڰ±ˡ
İ翴¸ߣûľܾۿְװ±С˳
Ȼκڴسһڡ
֮͡ϲ
ɳ̻ƲǺ壬㣬±ƤҲֻǵ㵽ֹȣұѰ±һЩ
;
ÿһ±϶бµͼ
ÿһϵͼһ
İȤһббȴȤı¡
תͷӣӣ㻭ģ
ӣһֳֻϣ֧ԴЦеĵͷ
İȻĿһ٣΢кǰֻ±
±ƤƽƵģԻһС˶δ磬ȴһһŮ
ɤЦָ±ӣ⻭ʲô
ӣһ㲻˼ᳶİ΢΢̧ͷ۾͸ڴ
İϲ׽
̲סЦˣ§ĺףָش漴һЩ
סͳɤ͸ԣЦڣ²¡
ӣЦеģȻֱ壬սİߣůůϢϡ
ص⻭үѽ
İͣͣкһû˵
ӣ̧ͷȥȴֻöͷһů
İͷһǡ


68 

ù֮İڵ¿裬ͷԸ˰ˮͽ
ãչĴͲоһ㣬ΪףϷۡź
ӣϲĿζ
幬֮У൱󡪡˳γʱ򣬶Ѿרְշ۵ġ۶רġ仧
˿ʦʱϽڣŷиרˡ۷Ա֤ÿҪõķۡ
ˮӣ֪һȥ
㣡
һسԺȣһббؿһߣİдģ
ÿ̲ס࿴˼ۡ
ĺ«ÿ֣Цʱ򣬾緢ģ
ʱ˵࣬Ӳ濴ȥƻӳ䣬ѾδϵϢ
һ־λߵѹȸУ΢Ĵɢ
ϾλǴ˽մĹھأ
ӣôţԾؾñֱһЩ
Ҳղ޼ɵĴĺ«ˡ
İȴ̧һۣӣѾڲˣ㺰ūŽϵĸʰȥ
ӣССءѽһϽסūţתͷ˶Žţضİҹһأ
İӴݵؿһۣ漴ջߣֻǰ裬ģȴһ˿˵ĳ磺˶
˵꣬Ͷūŵȥ
ԱС̫˵ؾͰȥˡ
ӣʹĵĿȥȻ˵ͷｻС֣ԱϣĬĬǾѣֲǺȾơ
ѵҺ˲ɡ
ū˳ȥ֮һʱʮְֻбдֽϵ紺ʳɣɳɳ졣
ӣ˲Щģߣֻͷ˿İ磬õĬ֮ϳһñ飬ؿ˼ҳ
ÿʶһ𣬾ȫ˵ʲôˡ
İĬĬд裬ż̧ͷӣһۣ۵׵Цûʧ
ӣ֣ĥĥﵽ˴ǰ
һܺõĹ۾Ƕȣվڴǰ⿴ȥͥԺľɫ续
ȻѾǳʱˣ֮ʢʱڣЩȻ԰Ȼ
̧ͷȥӰص
һ齣ƽİ翴鷦ˣʱϢġ
ӣֳڴϣ°̧ͣͷǿȥ
İ״ȻˣӣЪϢ
ӣͷҡҡͷЦһ¡
ʱʢһ·һԱߵӣһ£Ŷİ繧үร˸͵ˣء
ӣһ£ͿİϷı齥ȥˡ
Ȼǰϣֻʢ֪ˣ°ɡ
һ˵һӣ֣ʾ
ӣ߹ȥİס󣬽ųڷ󡣡
ʢһİסֻ֣һЦŴ˳ȥˡ
ſڣ˳Ĺš
ƻͨСվ̨£صشһѣͷ涼룬ˬ
һʢ˳ֶԱߵС˵˾ʲô
С߹С¶䲻ȵЦݣү׼ЪϢء
˵ţͽӹСеĸʳУร⣬ү֪ˡ

֪˶ãİڷ˱ʣ̧ͷͿӣſڴǰǹˣŴԴ淢
İ߹ȥӣĺס
ͷ΢΢ؿǺЦڿʲô
ӣգգۣ˼һ£¶޺ЦݣС˵羰ãںԺôôԶأ
İ粻ɵȻʧЦʲô
˶٣ͷסӣס΢һߡ

ǰԺɫˮء
ɫ¹ҹɴһ㸲ڻӸÿһСԺשϡ
ǰԺǺԺŮӿȥĵطİţӣǰԺ߶
ķ羰Ժؼɽͨģһʡ
ǻӸƣ
һ·ţֵصūźǼİ׷׹һأҲۼĿԱŮӣ֪ԺֻܽͷøͣҶ࿴һۡ
ӣһ·ţһ㹦򣬽ҹһȻеκġ
ҲеͷЩ˷ܣЩ˵롣
İ翪ʼûвһתͷͿӣһСԽԽ죬Ҳеãʧˡ


69 ֱ

İͣ½Ųû˵Ϳӣ̧ͷЦ
Цɵֿɰ
ȻӾͻ˻Ρ
İһ£ͷӦˡɵϣʮа˾Ƿžȶˡ
Ȼˡ
Цãӣļ򣬳һȥ
û߼ӣȻסӣͷָǰңңѾܿĻӸţСص쿴Ǻţ
İ磺
Ϳӣ߸˵̧ţ׼ǰߡ
ոż⣬ȴֻͷһİ磬ԥֻˡ
סİ֡
ʱҲعˡүˣ
˭һţôһ𣬾Ȼܰ˺ˣ
Ҳǣǰҵʱ򣬸һƶġ
ＱøϽǰӣڵ˽Ű񣬸ǿȥɣ´ٹ䣡
ӣ̧סԼ̫ѨüͷسСһ䣺߲ҵͷġ
İ˵ǰͽӣᱧǰԺȥˡ
磬ϽһȺūŸϡ
·ϣӣеˣİ绳ꡣ
İ˽ֱۡ
ȻȻ뵽֮ǰһΣСԺ
һϣſǻ˵һλˡ
ӣ
ȵԺӣūǼǱİֱģһĿɿڴֻǲСˤȻŤ˽š
˵ֻ΢İ绹ȥдˡ
ȻͱӣӣСĵؽˡ
ӣĶͷֿɫزղôˣ֪ûʲô󰭣Ƿ
ӣббϣİҲ
ȻͿ͵͵ذѱҹ紵Сֱ֣졣
һ죬һ߻ת͵͵
İ磺ǲ⡣
ӣ˸󱦱һİϣһֻСèһȥ
İϾǻӣ󣬴Сʱ𣬳˵ܵǣʵ˸ɵ׽
ԼϲĹ
һƬֻסӣ֣
˵仰Ϳ˺Ȼ·ʲôƵģ˳ضүҸ㳪ɣ
İ磺
ſڵٻСһûסЦ˳
ӣ촽ҲЦЦü۶
ԹԵسסİӣԴеΣ۾ҡİ磬ⱦһԿ䣺ҳÿɺˣ
İôȥ׿˴ϣֻЦֻסԴ
Ȼһ·
ˡ
˽İ־ͽӣڵ££˽С˸ʵʵ
˵Ժһλˣ򻹵ʲôأɴơ
ʵҲá
ӸĶ֪࣬ƽİԼʲôССʹҲһͻд
ΪӸϳҩĶС
Сãòϡ
λֻôһİͰ˺˹
ŵĳ̶ȡ
ɴʣİǸ庢һ
Ķˣ
ôİԺ
ղ·Ͼ˵ˣλˣҲǽ괺ĸ
ҲͰ⾰Ѿðˡ
밲ͷ֮󣬱ҩ䣬ɵһ롣
ҲǽƵһַӡϾ֮ˣ嶨ȻͷʹѣΡġ
ֲ֮ʡ
ЧֲĿ졣
ӣһתͷһ롣
һ£һ˿󣬷·ʲô
ǱܵؾǺη尡
ȻȻӦˣѽ
Ҫˣ
ץİĸ첲Сһƴ㡣
һ൱Ķİʶؾֻ̧סӣתͷԸǴ򣺡
룬˵Щʲôһ̧ͷܵİĿ⣬ͷһ롣
˶񣬹Ƭ̣źӶ˶ӣӣɾЩ
ӣȻǸ֣ԭášѾư

Ȼ࣬ǸýƻҪ⡣
ŷһѾһҩࡣ
һȺҩȥ
ӣǱֻ֮䣬ѪͳȻ
һߣ̺յ̶ʰãۼԼҸɫָŷ
ū̺ϴ֮ڰЪ
Ľ͸ųˮĵ
İһһµĸӣͷ˷ŵ顣


70 ż

һõ谮ĸؼʡף¶
ĸ˽ҲǾԲС
İ룬Ǿһʱա
νԺ֮еƽ벻ƽ⡣
ﲻһ
ȻӣֻǸ񣬵ֻҪĸҪӸ̽ҲҪʱġ
ӣ̫עĿ

รԺ
СߵǰͼƻͨƲรûЪ¡
ȻĶƺǿʫ
Сӽ¶˶٣ͿСԺһǵİӰ̫СƮһɨ㣬ƣ߹
СƮǸų۵ӣ˭ܲʹ䡣
ҲΪˣСƮҲԺ˽ż˸طõĿ¡
òԵӣһյÿɨϴɾ
ûģõģһ©ȫð׵
รʵǸôݷġСҲֻΪֺİ硣
ԿСõ˲¿࣬þöรǰ˵һ仰ȻҲǰˢڸС
ʱˣСƮӼ˸ˡ
ۼСƮӵͷǽҪԼ߹СӺȻס漴Цеشӻͳ˱ǣСƮ
Ժ󣬿ʫźรˣСƮӡ
СƮӵͷһе죬ȻһҲǸսȥյĹûС
СӵͷɿץһѲҶԼͷ漴̧̨ȥˡ
ǰûŽȥȹµūŸร밲ūŻˡ
ʫȻֹ漴ľรϲСӻˣ
Сӵü֣һ˳һȳһյؽˡ
ร̴ľϣһ̧ͷС·ӣֿͷϹŲҶɵصôˤһӣ
˵꣬΢΢ǰбСпտգڴʵ͹ȥˣүô˵
СӵͷĿ漴̧ͷȿ˿ʫһֹۣ
รȲСӣ˵ѽôүʱร𣿡
СŵزรĻˣү˵ǲรģء
รһ£૵үˣ
Сӵͷתɿһรϵ飬ūŻƺūˣҲ˵
รɫҰףԭذ죬Ȼ̧־ͽԱϵĲյݺݴ
յžһڵϣȲˮʿ
ʫϽµรϢŭ
СҲͨ£ϥǰŵӳסϵ½ǣſǻ͵รūŻڰʵūſʫร͸⣬Ѿòסʫ֮ǰѾѵūŲ׼ڲรǰ죬ʫū΢ᣬѽ
һ˵һ߾ָ̧Ŵϴµ˿ڣ¡
ʫûСӣǰһ͵СӣڲรǰŤ̬ʲô˼
ร̧ͷбۿһۿʫȳȥ
ʫɫһ˲ͷŵؿรһۣร
รͷˣȳȥ
ʫҧҧݺݵСһۣӣ͵Ťͷȥˡ
Сӽɪһ£ͷøˡ
รһ˦ӣԴԱ߹ŵһƬҶһһֵĴ
һ˵һҧߵǰסԱߵһСŴǰһ軨ݺݺ¾һ顣
ֱǼѾȫɫ֭ˮรŴδͣ
ʮʹ졣
ͷסҧһӣѾŲȥүֻңűʫ˵ˡǸȥ
СһȳһյתתรһߵȻף滹лᣬรż
ǰʹรߵ˵˼䡣

Ʈ㣬±Ũܿ죬ʮԼ
ΪӣֻǸ񣬹ҲظǴһ
ͻӸﲻһ
Ӹİ졪İĳ谮͵̺ͱ
Ͻǿɲǣ
Ͳรİȥ˹硪һȥһ죬Ӵһֱ˰ҹʱֻû
Ȼڶһ磬İһʹ;͹ˣٶǹģӣ漸ο˿ͼɫʽһϲĿ͡
Ȼİˡ
ӣͷԽԽˣ뵽ǹڣǺܴ󷽵ؾȫԺ¶ʹˡ
ϲʱأǶˡ˵ȥһˡ
Ҫ̡


71 

һ·ϣӣ˼䣬ԷҲ֧֧˵Ȼ
˸ԺƽǸͺӡȴȻ˶˵дӣˡ
ӣһۣȻûθ񡢹ǡ
ԼԼµһЩ˵ڵʱһҪ
òؾͰ繬תһ¡
ԭһ죬รȥ밲ʱรӲ
˼һ࣬ټϱô죬Ҳ岻
รܵһֱӲᡣ
ǹˣһ۾ͿԾˡ
ûô˵ȵ밲Ѱ˸ͷֻͲร£ϸϸʸ
ֻ˵һжá
û뵽รһС̫ͿŹͼӴ׵˵รĽ
˵ʱֹˣʱﵱʱɫͲÿˡ
ȻŵڶأҪĸˡ
˵Ѹĸϴϡ
ͽ硣
Աߣ֮ŵĶˡ
รͦŶӣ۲รԲܲ۲รĺӡ
Ͼ
ԼҸڸУǳԻİĺӣ
ôأﴫ¶һûüү˵
ӣ˼İȥء

صԼԺӣһ̺»Ьһ߾ͽǵصūϽȥǰԺүɣүŸҲӦЩ
ūſ˵ǰͦϲรģรأ
ӣҡҡͷ
·Ͼˡȥİ磬ʵԻİ
οʱ̫̣İֲڸ
㼱٣ǲκ׼ʱ䡣

˹ţֻ˽Ƶãǵ˵͹
⻹ӣԽ֮󣬵һνϽǡ
ŮŸ͹ǰ֮СƽڸأʱҲЩ;صš
Ůǰӣϲ裬Ҳһûȣֻﺬĵǣӣüۡ
ӣľͷһԴһԲ·ɮ붨һ㣬ڸס
ϷԼѴϵıУʱ롣
ֵƬ̣ڣüĿֹׯĴŮ˳ߣ
ϱڹŮӵţ˳
Ͻ밲
ӣž밲ȥˣؾصظϺ档
ЦЦһ仰ȴлҳˣĸô㵥
һ˵һ߾תͷԸԱߵĹŮǼ
ĸվˣܳлʹͣ
ҡҡ־͵
Ȼĸ˵۹ȴӣĸĸɣ
Żͷһӣ۹вǰȥЦشϵضĻǡ
ӣȻִ˴ԽģҲ֪ʱøϽȥˡ
ܵС
첽ǰȥϣݼ
࣬һŮۡ
Ǻеĳȫһ
Щص̧ͷ
ӣؾص̧ͷΪǵĹϵֱϣֻܴۡ
ǸƯ
Ǻֳ࣬ûκιԡ
ϿſţĿⲻɵغͻһЩ֪ʵصǽ괺ոĸɣ
ӣػشصĻǽ괺
뵽ó裬ҲǸ֮ˣԼȻʻȻٲټӼԡ
ʶصһ˲
˭֪ӣȻʵʵشһ䣬ûˡ
ϵĬȻһ˲΢΢һЦɡ
ŮǰͰգ˸ԡ
ӣͷһۣռ븣ƽƽˡ
ûֻϵ
ϽһĬؾ۵ס
ӣҲˣЦź˼䣬޷ʵ⼸Σ˯ÿɺá
ʱӣ̧ͷһ۵
еࣺòȻȴׯ۹и͸һɴڲסۡ
Ȼųȴͨɡ
־塪ЩµĺۼҲˡ
עӣϣȻںѣҲӦ䣬ȻЦӣ˵İƺܴ
ӣһͷշɳ۶ôֱӵ


72 үӻ

Ҳӣ
ӣͣһ£̧ͷŵ¶һЦݣ΢΢üۣصĻүζùʱƣ룬ûθڣϲ³ƽ£㾭ĥǡɻǿܶԵүθڡүʱЩ
ôҲû뵽Ȼôһԭ
ü΢΢һ˶٣һʱȻ޻˵
طG⺢ºģ֪ġ
ùҲġǰطGҪֻùҹ飬ӡ
طGҲֻǴӦš
ڻصոǲİĶϡľͲö֪ˡ
ǰǰ˵лչطGء
ձȲĴҲԸĥʽˣŸó׸ү˵үϲ˵үϲ
ûƼǰպò׾ôһС̸㣬үû˵䣬Ӿ࣡ҿԵҲ죬һ̶ү
ӣ̧־ͱȻϿŮãֵһֻСݺ
̲ס̧ڴͷݸ
ԱߵĹùҲ΢΢ۺЦ⡣
ӣ˵꣬ԴСһؿϣǲԺЩСʲôģ͸ϲʲôζģ̵Ҷ
ںȲ裬ԾͲǺˣȿȿȡ
ޢæǰ︣ű
תͷؿһӣǰݵԡ
޷ȻЦŵ
ؿӣһۣЦڣһΪ´ٽĸ㡣
һ˵ţһָָԱϵĸ㣬΢΢һЦ˵ǣǶ⼸ζΣ
ţһ꾫µĸУϸϸ׽˲žнЦŵڴ㣬ζƳĸ㣬ζǼã
ЦЦתĿͶӣأ
ӣԴûղˣֻĻ֥㰡뵽˴ǰڹ֮ʱĸ㡣
һ
ü񣬸и빬ŷȣ
ӣ仰ȴǣһ˿顣
еŮӣ𱰣Ӹˣת̤Ͻǵһ𣬱һ빬ƺ
Ҳǡ
ʹǧѣòװ͹ȴԶһ˵ġ
µģǧġں󹬣ʹԷݳ֣ҲҪôɷġ
͹ǰޱȵĻ˺ȴ䣬˪أҹһԵĹ¼ű
ǰ񣬻ֻǸӡոӸҲʮҵİɡ
Ĭˡ

ӣ֮󣬵ԭء
ԱߵĹùù裬Թɫ㿪ڵﲢأ
ϽӹյһڣϲʲôϵʱղȴѾĸǸûģԻģҪ˽һơ
ùЦЦ֪ˡ
΢΢һЦҡͷ˭˵ˣ
ǹùϵЦ⵭˼֣
Ϸ²յôڲյϣ۾Ŵ⣬żһֻϻ۵Сꡪѹϲ

ӣ˹ͷб֮ʱ
볼ǳŲͬи·˴ոȥ
ӣһָ££ڣһ߳һūŽȥʱǵģµǸģҺҺãĺأ
ӣͷЦЦʲôҲû˵
һ·ϣԱݵַĽ
һ紵ȻͽӾ˰
ӣ濴ȥͼֵУԱϹŸɫơ
һͦҲֶʱӣעٸⷻ
ٸ⣿롪Ѳҵרģ
ԴӴԽƷһֱǹ͢ζĸ㣬ͷСԻûأ
ӣôţѾ߹һЩϽͷȥͼǵǰѾڵˡ
ðŶӵѾһˡ
ӣӶҪɹȥˡҵ϶óԣ
أȻ͵ͣӣ⧲ǰһ¡
Ͻסӣһ£ȻɫһϲЦŵү


73 ŭ

ԭɣŸӹʱΣҲİӹʱ䡣
žһˡ
ӣҪ³ȴȻ˴
һ̧ͷͿİϣ߾Ӹ£΢΢ؿ
ûӣڸʱ˼ϳɣ˼ѣ޾һŭɡ
ӣӵչ֮󣬻ع˲˼ЦЦү
ȻͿӣ΢΢üˣ
ӣſڳϣЦеص˵ͷظ͵ǰͻȻҽҲǹͻȻ֪ͨģҲ֪
İͷ촽ͳһ˲ûΪɣ
ӣϽҡͷûûУﻹøҳԸأˣиǵʹͣ
İǵЦ΢΢ҡͷһҡͷһЦſ
־ָ̽ڣţ㰡仰ԡ
ӣѽһסԴĬĬ²ۣĺ«㲻ҲһġɣͶûС
ߣ
ڴϣȻϲҲͷ¶棬ֻǰһϵš
˺һЩޢ״˳
³㿴İͣԣЦӯӯضų˵ʲô
ޢ漴ת˳ϳ֮䲻Щ
ϼ㣬Ѿµ֣΢΢̾һ
ӣߣİһ˵һ߾Ϳӣ۹һֱڲԶ
˳߿ȥͿԶٸⷻ֡
Ǿĵӣ󵽼ʹΪʰ磬ҵĴ
ӣӣİ̲סЦĺףһ̧֣
Ȼ̧Ը˼䡣
˵תͷǼҵӱȥ
ǰŶӵǼȣ֪ͨˣηÿͳǮӸƣİ緽ŵķԸԻƵĸ㣬ÿһһ
ǻһͷͼƹѾЦֿ˻
ƹӣͷԵȣԵȣСװȺĸոճĸȥ
ƹ˾ʱѽζĸ棬ƯƯͳݸ˵࣬ãҪû͵ϡ
Ȼͱܾˡ

˸Уһ̤ԼСԺӣӣǳһ
½ѣжͷϳصΣոմƽĳİԺ˾͹ʹˡ
ʵڵʹ;в٣ӣûӦΪİĻĶȻͿС̫һѻ̵ĺӽˡ
ӣһӦǣĺ«ʹͣװôôڵģյķ񲻴һ
Ȼȵ˺ӣգգ۾˵ˡ
һɫһɫһ㵭ɫֽذŸ㣬ÿһ϶ӡ֡
ǣٸⷻ
ӣˣǸղԼڽϿǼҵ̰
ǵõʱԼſһ˲ȻİԹáһ̧־ͰԵظѳˣ˸ʵʵ
ʱֻΪϲͷ¶棬ԭ³תͷͷԸȥԼˡ
ӣůġ
չһͷ˸пǰڸʱϲҵĸ㣬ÿγ㣬ʱ򶼻һأ
ӣû˵ʲôͷǺӣͷţЩǸոճģȺء
ϴ֣˿ÿĺɻ״ĸҧһڡ
Ƥִ࣬ζ㣬һֱҧŷм˵춹ɳڡ
͸ĸЩûôȴȸܶࡣ
ӣųһѾָ϶ˡ

ʱ򣬳ϵǣİû鷿ǵˡ
˻ˡ
£İӳ˼ڲ֮Ȼ뵽ʲôƵģŸϸ΢֮£ŵúܺáˡ
һ˵һ߾͸ּһӲˡ
˼ˣ϶˺Σ΢Цֹصı֣ү⣬Ļϲˣ
İ絭ЦЦҲû˵ʲôڵ׽š
Ȼᵽ˽ӣ顣
ΪİǹţһţϽվԱ߽͵үճ磬˼͵ˡһӵͺ㲻ҵ󡣡


74 ˼

ոս꣬İ¿ӣ΢΢̾˿ˡ
̧ߵߵأʾԱūŽˡ
һųԵĬĬūŽźѻȸһ˵һҶԡ
ۼǰһЩˣūǳȥȴİӹڣҲûУúЪһЪ
һϲΪҪ£˭֪İ罫ֵֽԱһӣūͭȥˣİվɫƽ޲ȻصҸ㡣
ɫһ䣬޴վ΢΢̧̧ү
İһ־ȥˡ
ūǰشӵİˡ

ڶһ磬ӣԺһų˾ذѰٸⷻĸ㶼˿ϸϸо
öԱ߸֡
ٸⷻĸܶ඼Ƥɻ֣ű̶֣֣֣㵹Ǻ㣬ǳһڵȫӽŲС
̫ˡ
ΪһհߣӣԽǰоʽģ֪ƤҪ͡
ʱûʲôҪ֤֮ڲʵĻͱҪǡ
Ҳ֡
ʱĴͳ㣬Ϊ˱֤Ũ󲿷õĶ͡
Զ塣
ӣһһƷȥôҲû뵽ԭθڵһв۵ɽҩ֡
ɽҩ죬ĥ࣬ԭϣ̵ƣһҧȥӲӵȫ͡ǳ򵥣Ǻܺóԡ
߳ԱоأС̫Ǳŷ˲ɽҩ
ӣɽҩһεĽɳ̻±İ綼ϲԡ
ӣһ̵ɽҩԡ
Խ֮ǰûʳĵĴ䡪Լһˡ
ڡԡϣӣûκ֢С̫ˣȻöɽҩϴȥƤϹ졣
΢һ֮ѹ״һӽ޲ˮ
ʵҲԼţ̵ģΪ˿ζ峺ӣص޲ˮ档
ȵɽҩԺһɽҩֳʮСӣýɳΪڣȥպõ׿ڡ
̵ɽҩˡ
ôæϵһȿƲɽҩѿЩ
㣡
ӣָö˳˼ȥԺС̫ǣߣոӽݣһ裬ڶ̵ɽҩͽС
͹ˡ
һţԵû˵һЦֵ㣡㣡
תˣȴԭȶ˼ָϢһ޵ɫװ°ڵĻõĻɫѹߣ˼¡
ٵᷨҲܱ£ޱߴ¼飬϶׹ӣ˵֮䣬תĵ˸鶯
￴ķ٣ܾЩʶͷֻա
һŮŵеãĸͽļزƽｻãţ
һ˵һ߾̽ŵĵصԺǽõģҶûͣͷǧ˵©죡
￴һӣӣͷ˹
Ŀתضϵ̵ɽҩ⣬漴ЦһҡҡͷȻͨЩ֪Ƕõģ
ӣ˵Իؾһ̵ɽҩ⣬ͽƷһ˲漴ͷóǺóԡֻǿζƺ嵭Щ
ӣҲһ飬ͽУ漴Դ˼ص嵭ҵˬˬҲүϲְƵĵء
һ仰ʱʱ΢΢һ¡
Це°ͣ۾գҲգضӣʵˣã̵ɽҩôģ
ӣǼ򵥵˵һ顣
۾Ҳգţȵӣ˵ˣȻ뵽ʲôƵģæվҡֵÿɱҵ˼ֻǾáѵе򵥵ĸ㣬һ䣬ǧģ
ӣյһڣ΢΢ԴЦҸöʲô
һӾͱʵҭסˡ

֮һԵصͷʰյüɫ
ûˣһŲյӣûоĴֹʹǰһˣзšΪʲôҪʸ̵ɽҩ
˵⣬Щ֮⣬һţҲʵϣαظôࣿ
ӣֱô򵥵ĸ㡪˵˵һġ˼ֻҪȥŷҸһʣĥĥȻҲĳ


75 幫

ת֮䣬ѾʮյĹ⾰ȥˡ
İ缫æʱж˲ûء
รȴ伣һ㣬ȫ޶ԺӵҲС
Ȼ󿿽µ׵ʱ˭Ҳû뵽ĸร빬
һֵ
ӣ֮࣬һӦǣϽ㡭
֪һΣֻ׼һ֣ͬڴͳֵɫӣĨɫ꣬׺ɫȥʮ⾳
ҲǴͳĺ춹ɳߺ֥飬ݷ̻ڡ
صضһЩ֤ͣϵỬϸŨ
ոã־ͱŽʳУһ·Ӽвˮ¡
ȻӡУһֱ͹ǰʳŻµģڡ
ķ쬵ģӣֽ̧˽ڣĸ̤ͿϺһѸԷһ԰һЩգббпһʮĹװŮһ糺ɫװƺں͵ִЩʲô
̧ͷֳ̧ĸӣУɫʾǹ
ȻŮһۡ
СŲ鲻Ըվ
ร˲Цһ仨ȥͶŮѣ幫е㰮
һʮΡ
˼䣬ӣˡԭСǹ幫
ʷϵλ幫ܳ谮ϽΪ࣬ûʱزۣ˳Ĺ
Ȼ˵幫ʱѾǵˣݣ㹻ʸܳ٣û̫ྫӡ
幫ͱ͵˻̫޹
̫ĺӡڹеȻһ㡣
幫˼ĸƽճ͹ʮ⡣
ӣأͼŮŲˡ
۹ڴ֮һӣŮŵʳУһĻˣ΢΢һЦ񡣡
ӣӦǰԴԹԵߵǰ񣺡ϣ밲
˵꣬͸оһԼϣ´
ӣ΢΢Դ̧ۣͿ幫Լ
幫ķɫܰףȻŨüۣδѣͶ֮˵Ӣ
òȫȴ֪ǲǼ̳˿ĳࡪӣĬĬ
ܵ˵ǸӢˬƯС
Լ幫һ֣ƿˡ
߶֮ӣ˰ˡ
͹ĹŮǰŽһֵǰ
ںȲ裬ɨһۣЦתͷԸŷըֵҲ٣治ôɫʵúܣ⺢ɣ
һͻݵصͷ΢Ц
ԱรϵɫЩȻˡ
ߵɨɨรϣ幫վ߿ճǵַԸŮ棬Цŵร
һӾͷվˡ
־ִٵЦЦնЩ΢΢κˡ
ȻͿʼиƽӦǵעҲ鹧š
ӣ˼ڲ裬ǾЩɬˣûע⣬һͽ
̻ƵζأͺȻ䲻ͷһİ縮رζǸ񣿡
ӣ⧲һ̧ͷͿ幫֣֪ʲôʱѾƵԼߣԼ
΢΢ӣﻹһ֣һ棬һ֡
ӣӲ˲ǣЦе幫ޣҵ
幫һ촽´һ£е͵ߣ̽ҧһڡ
ʼе㲻м˼ڡӣҧ̻ڡ
Ȼ幫۾һ¾һ¡
㣡ӣͷ
ӣһ¾ˣĵ̻ƿǼ˲ݾͻ͵ģȻ㡭
Ĭع۲һˣ幫ֲϲõˡϲʲôطϣһ㲻
ۿĿ֣ӣϽԶ׻ʳһһһϲٴԾˡ
幫գӹŮֽ˲ǣű°͵ըģҪճʱƷá´ǳȥĸǶȥ㣡
ӣͷʺţֲ𡭡
ǹ
幫˵꣬Ȼ뵽ʲôƵģɨ˵صͷԶԶ˵һۣɥһЩڽɲǰôˡ

ӹһ·ƽۡ
ոջصĻӸǰͼһȺūһѷӵſڡ
ۼͲรͣˣ˾͸˾Ĺһ㣬ǰȥ¾͵ร
һŵรȥ񡭡


76 

һץסʵôˣ
ͷ촽ɫҰ׵صزรĻոţ˸ǣһյĹأͱŶӺۣ۵ڴֱ
˵һ֣޵ǲˣ
һüǳ˵
⻰վԭشһ˲ɫˡ
ȷӦҧһţƿǰūţ汼ȥ
Ůһ߽šรһæҵظϡ
Ҳһ
ȻŮȴҲǽ֦ҶѪܽ·֮ʱڲڸ֮ȻĸŮǳʲô¶նⲻεġ
ͻͻֱ֣һ߷Ը̫ǸϽȥ֪ͨүٴ򣬽̫ҽ
һ̧รԺӵķ첽ȥû߼ŤͷضӣҲæ
รǶլӣסһ䣬˴԰еĳȣִţ㵽รԺ
ԺһƬҡ
Ů̫޴ܽܳԶڷ޽С
ϵײײȥūǻͷһء
ЬӺڴϣһ˫СŶӣ˵ڴϴ
졢ͷȫ˵ϣȳһţŮȫΧڴͷ
Ͻ־Ͷϵķźۣۣ
ӣͿһСȫϸӣ۵촽˰ס
ôСޣȴҪ
รứǰȥͽڻŵ££ˣ
ƴŮź󱳣ϣܻʹࡣ
Ҳֻͽ͡
ۼֻ۵ֽֿУʫҲŵòУסԱտһ־ͽʵร֮ǰǺúõģôôһ⾰ͳǵ׸ʲô
ֱͿˣҲʫôһҡΣֱ̱˵ϣǿӳรķݺ᣺ūʲôҲûѽรūֻǰղรĶƽһʱ䣬̺š⣬ūι
һ˵һ߾ͼ˿ͷ
รƽȻ裬ʱȴ޳˸ˣ̱Ůϣ˶Ҫ˹ȥһֻֽסСС֡
ĸŮ˵ֽ߬һ
ɨһ뵽˹ؼأûʣµģ
ŮظĻУУ
ͷ˲һˣذһԵĳϣ΢ĵǷ˵⵼¶ʹһ̫ҽˣܻԴͷɲ顣
ںͷ
һţһ߾ūȥŷҲȫ
ŷܹܷ̫໹֪ԺѾɹһߺȲ裬һ˱ϵŲ˵
˹ƷʱͻȻߵ˾ͻ𼱻ǵس˽˵ǶŷķˣˣϽȥ
̫ˢһ¾Ͱ
Ͼŷܹܣǿסõ̫š
ŸǱߵ˲˼̫ȲסˣȾͿʼˣԺһֱҪˡ
Ҫˡǳʲô£շľ㿳ȫԴҲģ
ʿں

รԺ
ʱС̫קţһ·ײײܹ
һţҪ¸񣬸һŤͷӵⶼʲôʱˣϽȥ񣡡
ǴС̫Ǽ
õ˶ǰŮǰȰŰѿ޳˵ร
Ͻҩ䣬Ҫ
Ÿո㷢һУֻͬʱһţݺݵشҩ߷ˡ
ūǹһأǰסò׿꣬һת˽˶˹ȥ
Ƕõţˡ̵ָ
Ǵ˿ӣϸزŪ˺ü顣
ȻӣͿüͷԽԽ
ɫҲԽԽѿ
ԱߣɫҲųȥһ¿ӣشߵǷ˵Եʣ
¾ŵظĻⷹˡⷹƺ޲ס
รһ⻰þͱˣһ־סԼؿڵ죬һָŴʹã
ȻΣҲ˵ʲôֻǽģ́ͷϸϸΧһȦֶรʲรճ⣬ʲô
ʫรһһֻ࣬СͷƽԹߵĸ㡣
˶٣һ£̧ͷҲпĸʱˣ


77 

ӣĬĬһ£ĸʱˡ
⣬Ӧͳ֢״ˡ
ȵڲŶ۵
̳ϵĺʣСõĺܣ޲ʹǴȥУһʱҲ˵ʲôë
ʫȥˮСŮ÷ں䣬һˮʪֽӣһ־زŸԱһŮ˵Ŷӣǡ
صضŮһ͡
֮䣬ƻ֮£ʫƵ÷˵ǡٽ㡰ĸ֡
ƻ꣡رһ£ʫͷͻȻһúһ
޾ĺ⣬綾һ㣬˳ż
뵽֮ǰٲģֻĶ亹ëȻ
ǰһðܳ˯ģôȻͻȻأ
οϹˣǷ˵⡣
Ѳණˡ
ѵٽ飬ߵĲģ
ʫ뵽һ㣬ŲˣµظմͿ̫ҽС̫ӵţ糾͵ظ˽
̫ҽһݾͨ£ĸร֮󣬸Ͻȥ˶
ŮǸϽʣµķ˹
̫ҽҩȡ룬ڷ˰졣
һ֮ͨóĽۺ֮ǰĴһû⡣
รѾ˶ûˣתͷŴϵĶ񣬾ͿʶѾ̫ˣ΢΢ŰĭԺذۡ
ں
รߵУֱֱ£ɫ԰׵ͷϵķһһֵ˽Ӽλ̫ҽ
촽תߣรż̫ҽǹ߿Сģ̫ҽֵѾ˵ģ̫ҽú˵
ร·û˵ʲôȻվǰȥͳס½ǣصʲô빬̫ҽ
ϵɫ
ΧŮϽǰȥϰˡ
Ǳߣ̫ҽȻȴȻ粻ңתͷ˽õˮȫһˮ޲ס
͵ǲˮģ
ԭƽϲ̲裬̲赱ˮȡ
ŷҹЪ̲ǸԺӶ׼ŵġ
Ҳ˲̲衣
ûС
̫ҽ˼֮ʱȴһ·İظˡ
һţรͷޣʹүүȾǵĶùõ̫ҽѽղſ˸ˡǲӦģ
İһ⻰ʶر㽫ת˹򸣽һۡ
ʢˡ
ͷһɫãҼʱ˼ĸǶĵնβģֻ˵̫ҽǹСģ֢ҩʲ԰ˣ
ͣรȴǣֻסİʹޣүү
İ类ӣнãò׽รѿߵߣͼһСһһ죬ǺˮССڱ֮С
۾ЩɢƺҲʶˡ
İҲû뵽Ȼء
ɫװףˢһתһ߷Ըӣ̽ȥ̫ҽһ߾˰ŷˣ쾭รԺʳģȫ
˲һȫˡ
ټ϶źǣѹѹĹһӡ
ۼİɫūǸսսعڵϣ̧ͷ
ŷ˽ŵһи͵ūŵȫ棬ֽ֣
İϣŵƻ
ӣķ򿴹ȥ̫ı顣
ֻܿ߬ȭ˫֣ϥϡ
ʱһŮȻ˳รǰรǵ̵ɽҩ⡪˵̫ˣԵģūŷŽȥʰȴһӸֻʣ˰飬Ƕû˿ӣԸɽҩҲ˵
Աߣ̵ɽҩ⡱־һ
ⲻǸǰԼĥ
ôรҲ
Ůһ˵һѾɽҩİɫˮֻɨһۣؿİССӡӡ
Ȼͯĳӡ
һһ̧֡
̫ҽһӣһԶ
Ȼȫ쳣
ӣվԱ߿һУȻоһͷһ뵽˴ǰʳAPPϿʳ˱
ǰһŶʵʱûϺ
ᣬ˶̧ͷ


78 

ﱻôһѣָһ߬һ٣̧ͷĻУʱһϺܽص
รüͷӣֿ˿
̫ҽһʱ̧
Ͷϲдһ뵰ˡɽҩϺ˵ʳһʳĲʣʹŻ¡
ɲǶڵ֢״ô
첽ߵİǰµİģȻ֪ԭ򣬱㲻ûзӣҩ£
İͷĿֻ졣
̫ҽ͵һȥˣС̫ǸϽŷϱī
ۿ˱ʣӽԱҩ̫ͯŮŸϽȥҩรֻԱ߲ͣߴٵЩ죡
ӣ룬ǰһ̫ҽ̫ҽҪҪȶȵˮȥ
̫ҽ֪ϣֻӣǸ磬ǵͷ˵ǣ˴㣬ˮ븹л֮Ч
ʱҩūŻ𼱻ǵؽҩ͹
һŨڷҩ֭ȥ֮󣬶ڲŶӺۣɫҲղôҰˣǻָһЩ
ؽСԴ˱֮УҲƽ
̫ҽ֮ɫһɣµүĸģรģƽȣ޴󰭣⼸ֻ࣬ú֮ڱɻָ
รʱŴһڴͷԱߣŶӶ᲻ôһ¡
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һ˵һ߾תͷһӣ
ӣܹԾؾϥүรҲˡ
˵ͷ񣬽뵽һ㡣㣬񻹲֪Ҫܶ׻ϸ˶񣡡
รڶͷߣʱҲͷӣһۣ漴ĬĬԵתͷȥֻƵصʫ
ʫʹսˡ
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ҲһһรͼڴϣŶС߳Ÿ裬ȫˡ
ջߣߵİǰһ̽ŷİϣСصүϷ纮¶أҲһ죬Щȥ°գ
İһ۴ϵĶȴֱվڰ֣ҲˣȥЪŰա
˵꣬ûһ仰̧Ⱦߡ
ʶظ˼ͼİͷҲصصſڣӣʱ־ס֡
ؾͱһ
Ȼǣ߳ȥˡ

ޢԱߣǰϽסͼվԭأػİıӰֱǱӰʧˣޢϽūҲȥϢգӽڣǰûϢ
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мžȻһ˻Ƶͯ˼žǶȻ˿ڡ
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ЦЦסޢȥߵԺſڵʱվס˽Ųͷһۣͼƻ֮£รææµµūæŴȥϽ׼ģиˮģдֽ׼ͭġ
кӣг谮
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İֱӰӣ͵СԺȻֱݡ
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İ̧ӣ̺¡
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ӣ쿪˫ۣҲ˳Ʊסİ
İסԼǰһӣ˽Ļ
ӣ΢΢ۣ͸оָԼͷá
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ӣ̧۶۵ؿ
һ˲Ȼصƽͺãҡ
˶٣ңղôżźۡ
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Ҳͷ죬һžµСࡣ
ӣȻؽԴĿϣָ΢΢飬סİָİɤͳصӣҿƽϲϰʳס뵽ʳˣ̫ҽ


79 ڲӪں

ӣǰİؿڣСҲԼƽϲĥʳ³ҲͱЩ˵ʳҿɽҩǻƧĲˣһδܼǵأ
İ˵ͷ˽ֱۣĿתת
ĬãȻ̾һ漴ӣ⴦СԺСЩжί㡪ȵһȣҸ㻻ס
ӣ̧ͷһϲޣ漴Цеضӣлү
ûȥͱİסˡ
һ绹ҪҲˣúЪţջظ㡣İ֮ƣȴǼġ
ӣЦŵ˵ͷסӣ΢΢ţСİүʲô
촽ЦЦ˵ɬҸ
İ΢ԾҲЦˡ
ͷŻԹԵС˶
ӣǰں˳۽ë΢΢̵ͦСͷǿɰ
һֱһӣգԴ˵αطֱŷǡȴ뵽ӣ³ΪȤ
˶٣ӣģҶϲ
ſڴʢͨİһ
ʢһȿӰӣϽȥรǱ߶
İһ˵ѾԹˣָʳҲоˣʱͷˡ

ȵİ磬ӣŸоӶùС
ң
ӹһֱڣ͹Щ㣬ʲôҲûԹ
ҺʱĨֻʣµģӣ˶˹ˡ
ֵʱѾ͸ˣըƤš
û¹ȡ
״վԱ߾Ͷӣ񣬲ȻūȥŷʲôūЩӣ񣿡
ȥŷЩҹҲǲС
ӣյ˵ͷȴסˣŷŵòᣬѾһƬɹǶ񣬱ȥˡοҲδغҵθڡ
䣬￴˿
Ӷʱ򣬽ľһֲˡ
ӣĴ档
ﻹвٴŷĸʺ档
ö֣죬ְӣķԸ©̳ˮй˼ΡΪʹĿڸиӾ
ȻӣͿʼըˡ
жΣаҲŽȥŽͣСըУըɫɽƣͿԷŽ飬ϳ飬ͣһǡ
ʵʱлȳĻ͸ˡ
͵ζһˣӣһһ˺üڿˮ
ʢϽ֭֮˴л֥飬΢΢ĽȣһͰˡ
ӣöĲУһֻҲһ룬׼öȥԡ
ӣһߴͷţһȴ΢΢
뵽˽รԺƼ̵ɽҩ⡣
ⲻʲôµĵģǰҲûŷֹ
ΪʲôͻȻรǶأ
ΪʲôôɣƫƫԼ֮ʮ첻ʱأ
֮ǰ̸ģԼԺūţҲֻһ


รԺС
ι˶࣬漴ִŮнӹӣϸŮɾǣűŶ
˯ɣ⣬㣬ĶҲȥ¡
ŮҴ˱ǣӣڶСһǡ
Ժ۾ת硣
֪˶ãรվŵ˳
ʫһֱغ״ӭȥһ߷סรһรҲһˣūźЩգ
รҡҡͷסأƣ
̧ͷŵƻã̧ĨĨؿڣ̾Ҵǰʮ񣬿ǽûһ仰ҵĺӻ֪ҪȴҲһζĻġʳ֮£˵Ҳɲ˵
΢΢̧ͷſʫô
ʫ˵ͷร̥ǣԵ²ض룬ūڱţҲԲรмӣǸµˡ
รĬã˵ͷ
Сվſڣתתȴǰ˼รรūȴý֮£Σ
ร̧ͷʲô
Сӵร롪Ϊǰ˵ˣүϲ̵ɽҩ⣬˶¶һ룬δҲ̫ˣ
˶٣üͷรɱˣǰʮֽõģ


80 ʮָ

⻰ڣ̧ĿСӡ
ʫԱߣǰһСӣ֮£ǡ˵ˣร·ݴˣҪúð̥ΪСӣҲ϶ϲˣ㲻Ϣ£ȥװʲôģ
ūʲôģūֻһģһֻŲรģСһӾվˣſʫ˻ȥ
Ȼ˵˵ţȦЩˣรϸ룬Ƕ¶ΣδرǳŶɱˣﻹһλСأ
ϳĬˡ

ڶ磬ӣĥأʢ͹عʹˡ
ү˼ϣǼ£й
йҪ͡
ȵ֮ӣݣԱ߽ʹ͵ĺһ򿪣ᡣ
Ư֮⣬İ绹ֱʹһЩ
򿪾Ŀⷢ㶣˵ˡ
ӣ˫һ𿴾ôССһͦ
˵
Աߣһתʹӹӵ°óˡ
Ȼ˴Ե˺һӣź֪طӦİЩʹ֮൱һʱڣΪͷԽˡ
ӣͳһ
ʹ⻹һڼһ֦ӣӨ΢΢͸һɫǷɫãӣĻҶ
̵վ¼ˡ
ѻ֦ܿײС֡С
ӣϣ֡⡰Смһ֣ӣͣú֡
İģĿһתͿӣ֧ӣݴͷ۵λá
ݣǲҡ
ȴûڴͷǾʮϲˡʱʱ̶̿ܿ
һ´Ǿ͹ˡ
ӣЦеһȺķӲ߹˫ֶ˸һתͷӣһЩֹȥСַһ¡
İĿתת֪̿
һ¡
ԭǰξ䣬ݵվѾȫһָӳ˺üλʦ
⡰Сеһλʦ˵ơ
ʵ˳䣬ѾʼϽǣ촦רС֯ԱϺõǧӽ͵ǣȻڹе
ͳ渵ӣȻɵ
İ˵ˣֻӣֻӣҲڹ𣿡
İЦҡҡͷϽǵȻãɽϵĹҲδı㲻ϽǣﻹһרӨ¹⣬ɣĲãϲȺ˻ᣬүȥ
ӣһ˾͸˵ÿˣסİӣ۵ؿ𣿡
İЦס֣ڴ齱ԵŴͷӣﻹŸ㡣
İͷԼ
ӣ뵽̧ͷİ磺үôˣ
İ΢΢һֳۣϥϣɫܺáǶ֢ҩָ̫ҽԤϵĻҪ죡
ӣ˵ͷһǾͺá
ôһͷŵһС̹𻨸͡žડ˵ϡ
ӣϽӷ£Ҫȥİһ־Ͱˡ
°ͣ΢΢̧ȥ
ĵƻ͸ʣ͸ʵĹ⣬Ӱİϲ΢
ָӣ䣬һǡ
һ£һ£˫ֲԾ̧§סĲӡ
İ˳ĶͷסĴ
ӣĳ˱Ŀİ࣬һ׷ŴͷӣȫȫӰС
Ǹȫƿصơ
İͷ˳
ʮָ
ԼڻͷԼһ˫ɾ峺ӣȴһĵķ顣
·һֻƻСꡣ
İƣӣһ
㶵ģ΢΢۽ޣһһ
Ĵع
õӣκαס·
ССؿ˿ڣү
һڣͱסˡ

һˣİ۵Цⲻɢ
ǰ˶żģȴʱʱιӰӡ
кü
ոմӹ˸ֻԻǰԺ鷿˹ˡ
ԺŮ࣬ȴû˭Ϲ


81 ɫɲ

үӣֽһ
һΣȦеˣҲˣյù̡
İ̬еúܣ·ղʲôҲûֻлҳһ㡣
ָӣЦڡ
ӣŴվֻ촽ϻһ㷽ŵĴУİԵµӡǡ
ȡ
ĿҲġ۵Ļζ·һյ˵ľһ㣬⽥֫Ѫ˶ڻˡ
ûȥסİ֣΢΢վֱˣӲ˲ǻĿ֬
ղû飬İһͳ̴ٵЦ
ӱסɷ˵شݣǿִų磺үš
ߣۿūһӣŷԼԭһֱڹС
ö
ӣĬĬֹɴ˿ɼ˵ɫɲ͡Ǻеġ
ղŶĺ«Ȼʱ˼
ޣչ
ϵĲһ˿
ϺأҲ죬ֻҪཷܲΣף⼸㹻ˡ
ŷöȥŵʱֱһᱡƤ
ܲȥƤ˿ƤĨͣߦߦϹһ㹦
⣬ʣµཷܲ˿ȹ֮ͣ󣬼ϼף΢С
ȻǰõƤó˿Ѳ˰·͹嵽ƾͿˡ
ӣϲһĿζһպš
С˳𣬻ϲᣬʲôҲӲջ
һͣըģټ;Ƥҧóˡ
İ粻֪ͳһȥȻ󻹿ӣɡ˵˿㣬ǳȥ·ϵʱֽžܳˣвˣַֿ㡣
ʢԱվţƤһ£¶˸ζЦݡ
ãλ죬ͷء
óľ
˰Ҳô£ļϵŮˣը˿ٹͳ˫
ûŮˣ¾ȫϯҲδصõһޡ
Σո¿˭Ϊλֻǿյó
Ǹи˵Ե
ߵʲô·֮İۡ
Ҳİġ
ʢͷĬĬ˼
ǱϣӣİĶе㲻˼ˡ
׻Ǻܿĵģ
ͷһ˿һ߳ԣĵǸ򵥣ʺϰĿ͡ȳûмӡүңҲҵ
ȻİǴСԹϽŷﻪµĲʽֽӵʳȫ޵ֿ
ĳԵ㣡
Ա߻һӣؿռóģ̩ʽ
ӣ˿պһȻͿİҲѧ
̩ʽʵв֭ζ⣬һֶǲϵеˬ˿ˬ࣬һҧȥ㡣
ӣһ߳ԣһߺȻоһͷ֪ĺ«ûг̣ԣ
ţ˶Եĺ졪İǴǰûԹ˿̩ʽӣ졣
Ȼ˵˺һ
ۿӣ˹Ƿİˮ
ʰˣͷӣ춯ѵõر죬ȻѾڴβô˯ȥˡ
ͷкϣŰɫ£ڰ׷ˮīһķ顣
΢΢ζһ˿ϷһˮתĹӰ
˯ú㣬޶˶¯ԱߵСһĽɰһʡ
İվڴߣӣһ漴ֲ᲻صڡ
ӣ˯УΪأתͷֵһ۾סĹâּ˯ˡ
ϸϸġ
İֻð˱ڻӵ˱ӡ
ӣһֻ˵Сһһ̱Ļ
ȵ˶ˣİְӣ˻ͷ

Ժӹ÷ɿ죬תۼ͵ũʮֿ쵽ϽĴաڡ
ΪֵüӣΪĵաһȫԵĽա
ǰһӾͿʼ׼ˡ
ڣͲรҪİ빬ͱĻӸһμӰڵ䡣
รʱҲڽ˳ŵǱѰͬ·ݵиӻҪ߶֮䣬Ƿ
µҲ
ǸİǱ˵˺üΡ˵ڣֻ̫࣬ร״δضסӣ˲μӹźá


82 

˵һΪʾոͻݣҲ뵽꣬รʹİǷģ
ᣡ
İĲรҲûµġ
뵽£΢΢ָ߬һ漴ְɫȥˡ
ǵոҪ̡
ո͸ôȡǲȣװҲҪװȵģ
Ѿûİĳ谮ˣͻݣ¡ûС
үòģȥͶ˵һ˵ǶȻзӵġվϸؾͶİ˵
ϴİڴϣ˸ֽͷһ߲һ߾Ͱͷ
ⲻĻԼŮӵᡣ
ϧİûκηӦ
ڸûʲô̫Ȥ
ǱϾǵոػҪеģҲǱġ
Ծ˵ûûζİ
ڰУתͷİĲٸн˽Ŷʮͣ񣬵һסİġ
ȹһͷкܶܶŮˡ
кܶܶຢӡ
ҪˣҲŵġ
ǸĵӣʲôʱŻأ
ʹؿӶָԼƽ̹С뵽˰รŶӣ־顣
ӣӣ
ϲϲиˡ
һҪС
ӡǴĶƤ

ڶ죬ֻūǳȥ˵ٽڣҪŮӶʹ͡
Ȼ˶밲ߵʱ򣬳ûע⣬ޢ͹ȥϸˡ
кöأޢЦеؿϡ
Ľڶñˡ
ϽʮߣǱոУòõġ
ղͰϸϸһͨȻޢ˵һΣǺķ
ʶһ㣬Ȼһ¡
ʶ񣬾ȻүŮˣҪϵȥˡ
ûʸ񵽸Ժ밲ģǸ˻ǶȻǲվġ
ۿŻޢֻԼһ˻Խˣ͵
ͷ̧ˡ
ĵü˳ۡ
ƽ޵ͻˣҲ̹ˡЩԹ
ֻͷСֺ޳谮ǰŶһһЩ档
֪£Ϊʲô𣿡һ˵һ̧ʾŮϰ
ϲƴǣֱСؽƨɱմһϡ
˱øһһԴԾľǰ㣬Ÿ
ûˣЩ㡣
һ˵ޢһ߾ͽ׼õ
ǵӣɫǼ֦ɫС¡
ϻֻΣҲӣͣɢĹΡ
ǶСŻѵüĺöһʱ۾ֱˡ
һ˲䣬ʶԼʧ̬ϽͷҲ˵÷ˣлʹͣ
ޢԱߣһƤĵǲɵһ檣ոȻʹ
΢һģʶпˡ
ֻ˸߲ҡõķ
ͷϼƵʽ
˵ֻⷢɫãһ˵ҲѾǼõˡ
һ˫ӲЩʹͣԼ͵ͷЦЦ
ϾŵһЩƤףӣӦÿ
˵ţһۻޢ
ޢ⣬ǰһͽ͵ǰ
Ȼˣ׻ʧ˱ֵ̧̧֣ʶؾȥӡ׻סˡ
ֿ˿ѡѻɫʽҲ죬ǡƽϲǼķأ
Ѳѧ
ڽعζ
۾գҲգضϵ仯ϵı飬ɻϲתΪɻٴɻתΪ𾪡
ҿǸ̫ġĵôš
ͷŲæһڲˮӲ˲ǣ΢΢һЦԺﺢӲ̫࣬ͶҲûʲô飬նʱţҲۡ˵ӶรⱴոҪЩӲ֣
Żͷƾ۽֮䡣
ӹתŵ߬һţĵĺӻ˵˻

ӸԺٻصԼסѾȥʱˡ
Ǯڴ£ھ۾廨ſڶͷͿϻˣﻹ͵͵ҴŸһĶ
ǮƲƲ졣


83 ˷ǲľ

ҲûֱԼλԱߣϳ䣬׼
Ǯϵ׷ĶһǮվˡ
Це߹ȥһָϴһӴڲʲôöأ
һתǮϣæ뵲סߡ
˭֪Ǯһ֣Ͱİˡ
ȻŴһ䣬ӣɫѺͷʱ
Ƿǻ֦ͣҶԲѱ˦˳£ڴͣˡҿֵÿ죬Ȼˤϣ١
ĲУһֱ̧㽫ǮϵָˣŭҵĶʲô
֮ǰΪһѣйһʱӣ²Ϲ
ټԴһЩϴеͣƽϢһ粨ƽҲǿƽ
ƽ
Ǯϸղôһּϵ³ɺһӿͷʱըˡ
ǮûĻ
Ǯֻ㶵ŴϵĲϣֻֽ
аһ˲Ǯüͷ壬̧ͷϵ÷ʵĵӡȻ͵Ķ
ϱջ⻰һѪӿǰһ˵Щʲô
䣬ˣ쪵һһʱεζ͸ʪ⡣
һߴ֣һߴ
СѾͷһȥŷɡݽǷأžƼϺǮϣ˸ۼһС
ԴһۣæǰһְסһЦŵôˣǶסһӦ໥Ӧǣ
һ˵һ߾ͽ˸Ͻֿˣתͷʳһոȡĺ춹⣬һһ顣
һ֣ͰǸˤ˵ϡ
һ£ɫѵõس
Щŵ㣬ð꣬ȥŷġ
죬ɫްĹҲ
ϼʹѾԱ߽ƻɤӣû¶ˣȥɣ
Źؽˣתŵϵĺ춹⿴һ˲漴ּֽصһϸһԡ
ʣµĸĺ춹ɳһӾ˳ðȹ
ʣ¸ɾĺ춹⣬ĬĬȥ춹ɳʣԲС
Ȼͱ̵һ¡
ҧݣ΢΢˼תͷáɲǶԸ䣬ŷҲʱΪŵģ춹ⶼǰͷģƢˤһ飬֮б˳Բˡ
ǮţԱ߹ЦһֶŴһָԽ㣬αضģҪӱӡǶҲöСݲ´ˣĿɴˣ㲻ŵĻЩѣɾ죿
һûƼʱ򿴼ǮָŵЩΣʱϵĶ͡
ơʽɫ졪ôԽԽƽϲġ
һĳܿ͹ȥˣȵϣ۳Ǯ˯ˣϲŴӱ˳ߵ»ߵϣԥһ£˳ӣԽ㣬ЩѶǸʹҵġ
˵ھίˣһʣԽĪҪҵ⸮Ҳֻнչˣ𲻲ҡ
ͱǴ꣬ڼǳ㣬ƽǣҲһչˡ
˷ǲľ֪УѾ
ͣеߣɫûüۼȴһ£
ǵǮϻۡ
һĭǣǸʹҵģ˰ڵĶ֮󣬸صؽ˵ҵ쵽ˣʹЩ
һ˵һ߽ͷϵĴϡ
ϰԵ֣ϵͷ˼ղŽ¡
ȻȻɫЩˣã¶ɲף
ɫ΢죬ŤŤŵ¶һԸɲɣүǶҲأ˵ˣóͷֻºܿˣǱรҲǽҪģʱҪŮ˷үġ
ҡͷٵǳˣԺΣ
ݣʲôβΣȻø˺ȥԸ糥ȻҲܸǵӱӻ
϶ŵͿϵ飬ֻܼôڴȴ㣿
ѹϵǸʱ򽫺ӱϲĲУϲҪǺȫĸҪȥĸӣָô죿
Ȼ̧ͷϵѪɫҲȥˣͰ͵صǸˣǺӦӦ顣


84 

һ˵ţ･Ҳû˵ףҲȥֻ˻ϵӣ̧ͷԽ㣬˵ǲǣ
ϿЦһ£ҡͷңֲɣ˵֪֪治֪ģС￴帣ˣ
˶٣̧ͷĵƻ촽Ȼλ꣬ӦһԼû飬ɡ
˵ţջĿ⣬ǰϣޱߵҷһһֵصãûлͷһȥҲû·ˡ㣬ô
ͨ죬漴ɫһ԰
ԥŵҡҡ
ָסļ򣬵ĻЩ˼Ե˻ߥǰɽֻúûţ
̧ͷϵ۾
Ҫͷˣȴ̴ٵһЦ
͵ػعͷͼǮһߴŹǷһشӴ̾˿С͵Сα˵ЩеûĽӿڣվ˺˲һ˼Ĺϻ飬ɪɪСӡ˼ǸˣҲûǸ
ܻ㶼ˣ
ǮЦŵͷһֲŪǰĳһбۿ˹ǰҲˡ˺һأ㶼ûв
ȱ۵ӣɱԶˣ
ɫǺ죬ҧ촽Ĭ˰ΣȻݺһ˦ͷϱԽ㣬㲻Ȱˡһ벫һһôᣬһӻôҲܵõүĳ谮ֻһϧҲ㹻ⱴոˣ
ǰһסϵ֣Խ㣬ұΪ㣬ҲŬͷ촹˳⣬Ҳ㣬ڵϵĺ춹ⶼҪԡ
˵Ȧ΢΢ˡ
ϳĬãϥϵ廨ӣһһתЩƣֻЩЪϢҹǵýںˡ
Խ㣬ûʲô˵𣿡
תȥӲصûС
վһתȥ
һߵǱߣǮһ棬ۣת
ؿһָָۣ߬ȻģͷȴȼһѪյֻˡ
ضǮϵķ֪ţſɣ
ҹʱҲ廨ӣվ˵ƻ
ںڰУŵ˴ߣŴһ䱡¹⣬ҴҴӣֻͷǮϴͷһֻСˣԼߣֽ¡
һҹ¹ɴ

ת֮䣬ڶ
İ͸һͳ˸ȥģӣΪôĽգǿ϶ҹŻ
Ҳ߰˵ӵӣſһ·İӹˡ
ӣԺ̫Сӣչʱ򻹲ô߶ھ͵ӴˣŹ֣ȥŷŵĹ򣬻͸ӣ˸ԹϢòƽǵİ粻ʹˣ
ʲôԵɣȻû˸̽ү죬ҵĶɤۡ
ӣҲе㷡İ粻ģ˵ǵģ⸮ÿһ˵Ǻ¡
Һãܿ죬İǰԺǱߣһѹʹͣͿʼָյӣԺ͡
ӣ벻ǣʹȻӣ辰!
ۿżС̫ر辰ӣΪǼٵأһҷ֦Ҷۡ
ģ
Ƚɡб֦Ҷ£ÿ
ӣϲòˣ˷ſˡ
ӣҵˣ߶ѾһףɵƤϺɫƽйȥдֲڵĺơ
ϣӣŷ΢΢»ζĵƻá
ӣȥʵǺܲƷ֣ܺʹôߣֻҪŪĸһԿ
ӣֲŪŻأȻ;Դϱһֻ
Աߵūһأү밲
ӣһͷİһޱıɽ
̧֣ĬĬزŪӣ޷֮ŵһӣӡҲ֮ǰʹ͵ġ
ջ֡
ӣȻĺ«鲻áСӴصϢʮа˾ġ
Ͻ͵ü˳۵ضӣү밲
İ̧̧֣ʾ
Ȼʰϣ˼ڽ¶˶٣סӣ֡
ҲǱġ
ӣǱĺ«~~
һţһ߾ʢǱ߿ȥĵݸѯʵ
ʢè


85 

ӣֻðȥ
Уһϻ˵תͷֻʾ׼š
תͷȥˡ
ʱӣֵһȲİ
طGӹ˲յԾظ׼߿˭֪طGһ֣Ͱסˡ
ӣ
ӣͷİ硣
ɫĺڡʱһ᣻ѹʱ˫ӱԳһ
ӣվסû߿
룬סİ֣üۣЦеСѽ
˵꣬ͰԱߵСȻһ°ڣˡ
ǸͣҪһأеԽ֮ǰӣſڵĻЬʡ
ӣ˫ֳ°ͣͷܿİĲ
طGŰ顣
˸侲ˣﵹЩûڡԼǳסӣ˴жȣôƫƫڹûסأ
׻ᣡ
ˣʹͨ͸ѣ飬Ҳѱǣ
İĬĬ飬ͻȻо䱻ᳶ˳
ĿһͿӣСԴֳ䣬ԼĴţﻹʲô
İ绹մ˻ء
ȻһϸɸɾʲôҲûС
ӣʲôӣ΢¶ɻ
ҲԾ
ӣԴĬһ˲Ȼ̧İߡ
İͿϵеգָץҲûſ
һ⡪ǲǽ⸮˳͸ȥ۸ӣ
ô£İ΢΢۾סӣ֣£˵
ӣ֪ˣҲûŽͣǳ֣漴ֱֻסİĸ첲
ȻһӣһصߣߣҪүеġġߣ
İ类ȴȵĶŪ˶ˡ

˵İ泩˲١
ֽӣ뻳ͷ˲䣬̧СС°ͣ۾ʵڸʲôˣ
ůڡ
ӣ§ڻ˵ȴԼƵġ
˦˦Դָ룬ֱͦ壬ͷİ磬ض˰˱Ѽ֣ζ
ʱСϴ裬˹īǱߵģҲ͹ȥˡǰ߷ѣǰʹҵķ
ɫƯֻеֻ̫Ժ
üۼ䶼Цӯӯ߸˵ؽЩƽϸ¡
ܰ
İ˵һһ̧ߵ鷢˳ȥԴ
ӣ˴İһͷ˳ƾͱסİĸ첲һֽԴ˲䡣
İֻЦ
۳硣

Źϴ꣬İһ黹ڿһȴſӣ֣ߡ
ӣֳ°ͿĲգͷİЩ䡣
鶼ЩĲɣ˺üΡ
ָ飬İử˺ü¡ڹﵽ׳ʲô顣
Ը˵
Ը˵ǿ
֪˶ãڣӣСԴ΢΢һİϴ˯ˡ
طGϵתͷ
ǰϲӣһֱԼġ
ȴԽ᲻ˡ
ôС˶ҪǰӰô죿
ֻȺС֣ȻһͰӣᱧ
һֱߵ˴Աߡ
ӣ£Ժۣƫͷ۾
ղĴ˯˯ˣ۾е죬·ոտ޹һſġ
Ȼһ̧ͷͶİһЦݡ
İ籾׼ŴˣЦҲЦˣӣͷ
һսӣ֣ӣСᣬֳİգգ۾һָ˴գСһ䣺үǲʲôѽ
ڼž
İһ漴뵽ǰ֮ʱ龰׹
кЦͷոӣһ£˭֪ӣӣغһһŽţһֻɵƵģʱ˱
ҪˣȴС˶˼
İ֣Žбӣ΢΢סӣļ߬ס
ǷžѾϴ˵ģֻ˵İɫ¡
ڵƻ밵ӰĴӼ͸ʵҡγİͦεӰ
ӣ֣ҡ˼£ѿȴطGĴָӽסˡ
ӡĺ«㲻Ҫ𣿣


86 

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ӣ̧ͷ
ƻ֮УĲʮ䣬ָֹɾȻЦڣȴһ˿Σյζ
ӣĶ΢΢е㷢̡
һڱϥǣһ̧ͷİ硣
İ΢΢ۣҲӦ
֣űӾסӣĽס
µĴϸ£Щͷ۶һ㡣
ӣʶؾİ΢΢һֳֻ棬סеȥ·
İ۹ȵĿ⽫ͷŴһ飬ǿƵסļ΢΢𴽽ǣʲô
ӣٶˣʵʵؽԭأ̧ͷİԹɵЦͼɻأܣܣ
⸱ģİЦԽԽ
ǰסֽ˻
ӣѹĴ֮С
İ絹ǺģһҲż
ַ֮鷢ͷһȵǡ
ӣʶؾʸסļ
·һӦİס֣СְԼů֮С
ӣ۽ǺˣҲˡ
΢΢ָˣסָ
ͷѿڶүطG
Լ֣İ˵Ķһ¡

ҹʱŮˮˮǼ˲ҩģ硣
ӣһʱˡԱΧֱۣεҪ
ƫƫһóԺı飬վǶϲشëˮû졣
ֱ޲ģȫӸ˶֪үԼҸˣ
ȵںòȫϴˣӣҲûʲôˡ
˸ɾİɫ£ԹԵſԡͰԱߣͷ˯ˮ۽ëھµСϡ
ۣ
İ֪ߣ̧ŮǶȥȻŽһֱ˴֮ϡ
ӣţ֮Ȼһǲ֡
Ϩ˵ƻİŻС˶ϸϸĺ۾ؿüۡ
뵽˷ӣԵʱѿں֡

ڶ磬İʱڸſһ߷һȴͻȻ뵽ӣ˵Ǿ仰үʹ͸ҵķɫƯֻеֻ̫Ժ
Ǹµġ
⻰Ҳۡ
˶ϲŮˣǻ᲻ԾۣҲãҲŪ᣻ǻʶص۸ȥ
ˡ
İһ·ĬĬԣĿбӵԺǰС
ߵϣͿԺС̫ЦݵȸԼȻŽһյ˵İȥһţ˵Ϻõӣү϶ϲ
İֱӾܾˡ
صƬòԼǸĵˡϲˣƴ̻ۣϲˣͳ˫ַϣҲ࿴һۡ
ǵõлʰԣϽǵ;Уյ˾Ǵļ١ѻʹء
ʱǸӣ١ѻʹĸϢסССȭͷ˳
ָ׶ƴסûڻʰǰᡣ
ȵһ˿ӱ޵ظϻ˹١ѻʹȴѾЩع֮ⷵơ
طGǵãʱǬУչʹĺɫĺϣŮĻ̻̣̫ҽǳü
ʰϵ١ѻʹ֮ǰʱĲݣҲ̲סۿ
١ѻʹʱ֣ƺþеòײŽİֺͿһ
ۺᣬſ϶صϣİƷأǸĺúӣǷҪȱ㣬ֻϲŭƢЩ꣬Ϻúĥİԣİлϥ£檽ͬ׶ֻҪİãһȥҲͱǣˣ
˼£İ缫ƣȴȻ΢ʪ⡣
ʶʵǸĸװ
ӣҲˮӡ
Ժ
С̫ɥ˵İǰԺô˵棬ֱӾ˸ȥŵ롣
Ӷû
ôūأ
ţɫͱˡ
ޢԱߣžĬĬ̾Ȼŵ˳ȥȥߺ治׼ˡ
ү
е廨ӣȻЩԼԼʶİһΣĶЩᷳˡ
ڣİЩ죬ܾãΣ֮ΪΪޡ
һ壬ͬͬˡ
վรǲͬġ


87 б

šޢԱߵͬʱɿһϵɫ
¶һĿЦϧˣϺõĹӡɡ
ޢһ¾ˡողŸߺӳȥ
ոӣޢΪšûθˡ

ƻ֮£ӵŮ̺ţжѻȸŮվǰ档
СѾͷſڣŵС̫Ͻӹ̱յһ
ޢſվԱ̺
ϳĬصؽһͽҨһԱߵ׼ͽС
ֻϸ͸׵㣬ڼ
յ֮У֥ڵ棬ΧһȦ֥飬ÿֺóԡ
Ĳɵעǰŵ㣬ȴ˰ڹ顣
ǰ˰»ĸֵŮϼҵĹ
СżԺգƽʱˡ
һʱֱ˵˼䣬ɳӰᵽТܲʻʺ
ղԣʱϽҲæ˵˼䣬һƬģ˵ò׵Բתòɣȥ͸˸ǻƵġ
ʱİɫͲˡ
Ȼ󣬴ӹͳӡ

һˣʱҲûжٹ⾰ˣ¶׼ŹĴ磬һƬϲ
͹
һǸϣ߲ĹӰս֮У⡣
ϸո˼ڴǰ޼Ҷ˿첽˽ŲӯһЦ
ûͷ֪˭ˡ
ǺЦ⣬ְѼӵݸԵĹŮת΢΢ſֱۡ
幫촩һ֬ɫװʵǶװڴЩˣҲƫ
ôһ·ܶϺ˵ģͷҲһЩϸ
ſֱۣ幫һӾ˵Ļ
Щײĵ΢΢һģԱߵĹŮЦסˡ
ֻЦ
幫Сһס½ϣһٺҰ漴һ
§ŵĸ첲ſϣͷˣ
֪ŮĪĸһӾҡͷЦˡ
ؽ幫һ˫СסȷԼůůȻŵʲô£æˣ
幫΢΢ŵ͵СƤˣȱŷĺó࣡
Цֹ˹գһ£
һ£幫ͷ漴ֻͷһ֣ʾūǽһи
ǱŷģƣӺÿζֱƽӹôܺͶȣ幫һ˵һֽӴ˿漴Цڵߣĸ첲ĸóˣǵգ֮УǶŵڶ
˵Ȼ˶٣·뵽ʲôƵģ΢΢һͷЦЦһˣձȶ㻹ĸ縮ϵ񣡡
һѣͷĸҪʰֻһ㵽ˡ
ô˵ţЦתһЩ幫ļ򣬵𱸵ʮ䣬ôôࣿͷסһϸ
˵ţתͷտ幫ĹŮһۡ
ͷŮæ
֪ͬ˵ѴūŲתͷԸԼŮǰո幫ٱ幫ԡ
˵֮䣬С̫ڵſڹˣİ밲ˣ
ǱߣŮոս幫˳ֲŴϣ⻰Ҳֻ˽̷¡
İ˽ˮ̬ȹص밲
幫վͳİЦˣǱ¶ǳǳĿɰСѣĸ磡
İҲЦЦá
ᣬ̧־ָϷ幫ĸ㣺쳢Ƥ֣Ⱥŵأ
幫ɴۣһ£Ƥֿһ˲תͷƵֿ˿طG漴ĬĬؽȥ
ֻƬ̣İ˵˼䣬ʮİˡ
ʮİ꣬Ҳǽ꿪Ž鷿Ÿһ顣
ϾСǰסǺܳգŽϰġϴ֡
Ҳǣ鷿ֲ֮ϴһ
۵ۿɰһѣ΢΢մīˮ֪ǲǽ鷿Ⱦˡ
ʮİ米ֽؾصȸ˰ֺطG幫ֱ񣬸Сһ
Цü۶쿪ˣ־͵ط_


88 ƾʲô

ʮİٻһ°ھ͹ˡ
Ůæհ˹
ʮİѧϰ˰գϴ赶ŪǹͶӶˣŤŤȥסϹŵһֻ廨Сɰбб
幫۾⣬һۿˣüָŵﵱƫģɰװζϲģϴʶҪֻ˵ҪЩʱãûԭǸʮĵˣ
һ˵һ߾ֽСɰùϸơ
ʮİһŤӶ㿪ˣֻµʲôûУǶģɲ
һ˵һ߾ͽɰϣֺֻСָɰӣֽϣŵҡͷԵģϲˣ
һ¾ЦˣЦúܿġ
İԱĬĬشۡ
ʮİ˵˼䣬ЩˣۼϰŵƤ֣ȥһ飬ֵסˣζһ㣬ͷóԵģԣ
˵꣬뵽طGԱߣ뵽кطGƤ֡
ɫһӹ˼Ρ
һµתͷͼİһߣͷȲ裬幫ڵʮİ磬вѺɰݵľͷ
̧˴幫ֱһۣҲǵģˣʮĵܲŶ㻹
幫һ㬵ؽջˣֻԭΪҵģʮĵôһȣԭҲﲻ۵ĺӡ
İŲյ΢΢ףĮֻǶ͹ϵ⡣
ʮİ籧ֻɰҫ幫ǰ˻ΣּЦţҡͷԳ㣬㻹ҵˣ
幫ͷģĬһ˲Ȼ̧ͷضǰʮİ磬һԲ
ʮİ֪λġЩƢҲĹǰͣķ
Ҳµġ
幫ЩҲЩʶĽţµشվС֣׼ߵȥ
幫µĴҪӣȻŴԱһ
ʮİĵܶԼʹôһȫ޷ʱһģ˾ǰ温ȥ
ΧŮһҪַסѾ
Ҳŵ͵رɫվҪʮİ磬ȴʮİССӣҪصһɲǣ幫ݵس֣ʮİĺͽ
Ȼˣʮİ緽ץһ־ͽϵĲյץˣˮɽֻ°ϴʪ߰ߵ㡣
öñ
ʮİôһһƲҪ޳ˡỨðˣۿת
ͨ졣
漴뵽ϴ˵ġжѪᡣ
ʮİӲĽ˻ȥ
幫־Ͱֻɰ˹ʮİһżóˤӵַƣһ߱ס幫һ߾˻ߣߵɤŴ󺰣ɣң
˵͹УϽУռžʮİͯһȥʱѾ˻
ԱߵĹŮҪȴҲûӡһǹһǻӣ߶Ȱ衣
òװؽ˸ˣʮİŽžʹڵǰһ֣ݺݵָ幫۸ң
幫ںվԱߣͷ˿ĺɰȻתͷҪݸطG
İûᣬ幫˼۾ͷĸ磬㻹ûжĺɰɣʽܲɣʮĵܲ˵ǾҶٸһֻ£
İĬ
ʮİ״ţ󺰵ƾʲôĸ磿ǶҵĶʲôʸ
ɫü΢幫һһֵС壬ֹûУ
幫һ̧ͷͿɫƽѵüࡣ
ü
幫ͷսеĺɰ߹ȥݸʮİ硣
ʮİתͷȥ
幫ִֻ˴ཱུգЦ˵ԼӺɷôСĶ
䣬ʮİֽɰץ˻͵һӣֻɰֻҲҪķݣûǺķݣ
ϾС˰죬ʱίܲסˣһ̧֣ͿʼĨᡣ
ԽĨԽࡣ
һСӿޣʱ۵ĶҪˣվϽߵʮİߣһȡ»ףһסԴԼϣĴĺ󱳣ŵޣޣһٸһõĺɰ


89 ¹Է

ʮİһԼȤˣͣ˵͹ҡҡλεһֻС
﹬һֻСл
ֻ֣Ϊͷϵİߵ״ȥһ÷ʢƫУþԴ롣
幫Ц֣ȥȻһ˽Ų
ϸĳֻСһᣬתͷŵǻôСôࣿ
ЦſһߵĹŮɴ
Ůɴ촽΢Цһ£ǰϸض幫عĻһûˣȴ֪ǰУǻµСأ
幫һЦ⵹ˣͷϻߵλöĺͻһѹҸղŶûϳ
˵ŻһֻСˡ
ֻСǰһֻҪСЩëɫͱֻˣȥҲЩ첻㡣
ǻĺüֻСеֵֻ
Ȼʮ۰һֻС߲˼ͷͷϸϸԴš
ʮİҲעȥץŹβͻ
类εú£һ߽һ߻ͷŻ
Ȼȡ
ܵǰһǸĹܵʧȥ˱ӻʱҲµذ
һת˹ܵܵƤëҲûһˡ

ӹ÷ɿ죬ûãѾ쵽İ
ոһʱ䣬ڹҲ׷İ縮
ӣööŲˣİ˼Σѵ߰㣬һ̾Цҡͷһ߾˵Ҫӣü౦
ӣէȻһΪǲżֶرռط
ﲢǺڴ
˭֪ͷİʢӣĶ౦
ǾգǶŸɫʯǶѾֵˣٰʹ͵ıŽȥۼֱϹۡ
ӣϲ౦񡪡ǿ֢õ˳ֵͷš
Ҫ̫泩
幬֮ʵиʽⷿ񸮹㴢˾£⣬µ챦ղЩֿר˹
ˡ׹ǣʱҪ汦Ҫһȥãʮֲ㡣
౦ĳ־ͽ⣬԰Ѽʮټͬʱ̫У˷ֱߣʱ͡
ӣĽǶ⣬ⶫͺְչʾһ
İļֻ౦ǸǺεģһǳһЩĺӣϾĺиǣҲǼ̳ǰĿʽر¹Է
滹мвͰţͬʱĵǿĸӣ˰Сӣ֯еĲףڶɡ
ӣİ֡
İ翴ĸˣԱ߾ЦˣԴϲ
ӣ˵ؾ۾ͷϲϲ̫ϲˣ
İ翴Сɵˡ
ϲӣϵһݼ桪Ƕʱʲô飬
֮ЩĥŸ˼ֺĺԺŮӣһȻ
һθڡ
ӣҲˣİϲʵǷŷҵһ
ΪӣС̫ѹֵԵʣ
Ȼνŷң϶ִ˵ı׼˼ɡϾԵǻʰ硣
ԣƲ£ܷŷҡԴܷŷˡ
ڹ֮ڣӣ̫ԼϾԼˣñҲĵ
ſԱߣԴһװȥȻ֡мûװ
ǿ֢
İܴ󷽵һӣʢȥⷿˡ
ӣ߸˵л˶İһͰԼˡ
㶼£ôʹҪ᲻á
ӣ§ӣĵҲ᲻ãǲҴȥҡ
Ͼݹլһɣߵ̶Ⱥзٶȳȡ
İ·𿴴˼һ㣬ļ򣬳Ҳ£ү㣡ôʹȥ
ȱ˳һЩ˻ἵʣȱ˳һأǾֻбĽķˡ
Ҫݳ谮װ׵İϣⱴոôҶף˭۸ӣȥ
ӣ϶౦񣬻ͷİźڰ׷۾
ǺЦҲԼʪĹâ
֨ˡ
޵ʱǹӣ޷΢΢ʪ
İƽ֮İӣﱧţñӹסøеӤƵġ
ʱѾǶˡյůůģϴڣӣڱҲ֣ŽžİС档
İƤֻﱧøһ㣬ͷ


90 ֮

ӣϲİͷɱôһ裬ʱҡͷԣֱû
İЦŵͷ
ССһ˶Ļһֺֽģ
ɵЦ
ְ°ĶͷС䡣
ӣöӷƫƫԴû㿪İħơ
һЦһ˱ֻ¶һ˫۾תš
طGҲûŰӱγ
ֻ˳Ķͷ۾
ӣ۾ÿ
Ǹޣǿ϶ҲôƯһ˫۾ɣ
طG뵽촽ͷӣ΢΢Ƥһ·СɵıǼ⡭
ֱĴ
ӣ
΢΢˹̵Ưһ䣬ˮ⵴
Ǻһ屻¹⡣

͹ǰɫˮ
һֻʣڰǰϸϸŻֵصĹŮ̫ഹͷվһԣĬ
Ͼˣ˵ȼ̿裬طĵطһʱţżͽϿ˿
Ůɴ״תͷʾԱߵĶȹŮ̷ϡ
СŮƽźĻ᲻࣬ʱЩų
һ̵һǱصؿϡ
軭ŵģһ̧ͷʼϵɰʺΣžડ˻ϡ
ɰ˲ʪ˿
ƯһŻӣϧôˡ
СŮŻˣͨ¾͵ūŸūŸˡ
û˵ɴѾǰһ߽ǲ̷ˣһ߻ͷѵǶȹŮƽսٴˣôһˮҲõģ
СŮһ֣̿ƶۿţۿҪ
ֹ̧ˣº͵ֻԺСЩȥɡ
СŮæͷл˳ȥˡ
û̧ͷֻŻϵһɰ˰ΣһĲɵӡ
漴˻ӣתּԱ¨һʼ
幬֮УʮֳװǶڻõƽ￵Ҳʹ񸮹ԱһЩڸӣʾ׽
Ϊᳫڼ󣬹һ㶼ϣ·ȡһЩϡ
˵ǱϣȴҲǴӶƷĲϲüʣµģ߿Уɫ⡣
ӹƤĺк«ʽͷεӡӲŴһ룬ʣµİɢҵشڿӱء
ǰո빬ûǰʱ򣬾Ѿߵһ֣ǲڻ¡
ɴԱ߿Լһ߿һ߾ŵ޵ƻĹ߲һЩ߽ǰЦŴȤÿ
û˵ֻ̧ŵƻϸһ˲ıõɫĶӣ֮´ӣϽ߻ӣ顪ǻʵۣ˴Ͼֻӡ
ʰҪ
ɴԱ߿ţɫ嵭ɵЦŵʮİֵɫһֻɫ֮ǰټʮİһϲ
˵ֻתͷʾɴ
ɴһӣڵǰ
ͿСףϸϸؽȡ˶ǮֵķСͽ
Ҫտڣжȴͣͣһ԰ϵ־С
ɴ˳߿ȥͼһֽҳм˵馻Ļɫĩ˷һ̰סǴĩʱ͹ǰժµģˣ˻ǩ
馻п˰Σ뵽˻ϴǰһ䣺֮||֮ˣĪֵܡ
ʱᣬҲڵóķͷϣ϶ҲǳЦ⣬ĵġ
ǵʱʮֵ˼͸ϻһһ䣬Ź⻪Կϵˣûֵܸ׵ˡ
ַ̧˷޷ߣǶ馻֮У漴ϸϸɴպˡİ´ʰóİ硣
ɴлһ˿˵ʲôӲȥˡ
ֻǸ˸ӣ˳صūżˣģ

İһһˡ
ӣ׼ĥһĽϹϲ
㣬ûģǲ󷽱ģ֮ǰİѾʹ˲پʳߣе绨䣬Ǻʡ
ӣϸѡõǲ̫ϣˮֵϹϣֿܿڸкܷ۵ϹϡĿڸл̫棬Ửϸ塣


91 ү

Ȼǰ
ӣؿռóĽǼһˮС˵Ľɫ
öԱߣѾ׼õĿˮ
ӣһ֣͵ˡ
ˮȣģߡ
ϹȥƤгС飬֮ӣţ飬һŽȥ򵽾ȡ
һ߽裬һ߻òҶɸȥеϹϴά
ƵĿ䣬ģ߷ȥȵǲ̣Ͼˡ
ĺܳɹ⻬ΧҲûףȥۻ
ϧʱûбܣڼɫıԲ׺ϱҶ͸ÿˡ
ӣź롣
ڳöڴĶϹϲ
мŮܿƷջѽ
ӣСϸϸذѲֳ룬һԼһƵöǰЦŵòóԣ
öֻˣ˳ۣӣ͵ͷ¶ֻС
СС˫°͸ˡ
ſڵСӶɵˡūŵӣ
ʶˣ
ӣԼҲҨһײͽС
Ǳƹ֮󣬻᷺һ΢ĿڸУոڵʱ򣬲Ϊǰζ
ŲϸỬζڿǻټϹϵסƷԽƷԽղܡ
һתۣڵİ
Ȼ״̬ãϾǸµ黹ǵÿ
һʱ䣬Ժæ
ǱߣİҲûɣ棬һϯҲ档
ǽȻкˣȵֵϯ֮󣬸͸оеˡ
ɫ죬ӲסزŶͷϵĺ
ʼûע⣬ޢֲԾ˵˵ģڰԼȰȥˡ
ϱŮǷŻݣӼţ˱ˣžһЩ
ޢԱ߲ģ˰ȡů߶ȥӣסš
ϰ뿿ϣôһ˲䣬һţһʲôˡ
ʲôƨ˭˭ȥ
Ȼһ֮󣬸ֵױ̨ǰϵױݲ˲˳תͷʻޢǱ߶źô
ޢЦŵˣġ

ϵʱ򣬸˼硣
ӣһӣɫװøոʹ͵Ĳ͵߷ģʽ¡
ͷӣӡҲүʹ͵ģƽδ⻪Щϯá
Ϊͷ϶ͦˣӣصؼϵױݣûʲô̫۵ɫ
͹ˣЦֱ˵Ҫӣһȥ
ȵ˼ĸԺӣͿϺǮ϶ˣΪ檵ݣֻվϯλĺ档
˿ó˵ģŬشѡ
Ůææµµصˮǰʱⱻסֻͣ½Ųƹȥ
رƵġ
ϺǮϹҲʶһ㣬ЩΡ
θ񡢹ѾˣθϣŤͷŹҪȥĲӡ
ƽı鶼ǵĮģʱŴȻǱŲЦȴ¶ů⡣
ֻСȲθϣִŵ򹢸֡
΢΢ǰ
üЦһһŤСƨɾ§ס˹ĲӣȻ͸ǧƵģˡ
θЦžͰݹȥˡ
ӣԱ߿ţͷθˡϿźʵ϶ŸÿˣܽСġ
ΨڶŹʱô
ʱɫѾķ紵ವģţΪรûһš
ӣϴŵһ˹ȥŮʰ
θӣˣæתͷЦеظڨ
ӣҲЦź˵˼仰
һ˵һŷС̫ǾŶӹͲˡ
ֻ͵ſڣȻŮǽͽ
ϵʮˣû˸Ҷӡ
һϵСģ̣磬ܴһӭһĵӾͿ̡
һรڹˡ
ѾǿҪĶӣһߵʶؾ͸ϽԱŲ˺ôһط
Ķӡ
รҲûһֳʫ⼸ŮƵΧ
Ȼ󣬸Ҳˡ
²ױݣֻһЩѣ˲١
ȫӣظ밲
รûһ¡
״ร񡪡ˣúţҪˡ
䣬İˡ


92 

æ밲
İϯʽʼˡ
һʱ䣬ŮǴֹɫ˵㽫ľ˸
ոڵϯ˻ˣزСˣСˣ󽴹ӣӵȵȡ
׷׻Ϻ׸ף̲˶ӣ̵ģɷǺÿ
ԱһѸɫĺ۽ɽɳ꣬ϲۣɳԱ߾˷ۡ
ӣûԣɳ굹ǳ˺ü飬ֱͣټһԵˮˮ棬棬棬**
˵ľӣԵúܿġ
İԶԶؿǵЦͿסˡ
̧ʢԸٽɫɳϼ̡
ӣͷʳȻоʲôë׵Ĳȥ
ӣŵһִլԺľƽṹ࣬ǧֻӣ
ϽԼǰһǣһͷͿһֻë׵С㶵Լ
ӣ·ɫСͷȻͺǱȥˡ
ֱܵİ¡
ץò׵Ļᣬİ˵ء
İĲɵţһһߺȻͲһë׵С
һӾЦˡ
Ǹ˵ģȻͿİ紽һĨ΢Ц
ΪԼľ仰˵öȤˣһʱͷһϲ߬סӣĵԼһŬЩ޼顣
ٽٶ˵䣬ͼ΢΢һ
һֻСͷ˳͸۵Сһ˲漴ֻСצצë׵ıİϥϡ
īۡ
İ綯ؾͰī۱ڴˡ
īϲλáůֽˣʮаȫС
ȸ⣬оİϸš
īۣ΢΢һİ֣һ߽Сһ
СβҲֵذڶмЩõ˸ϡ
ȻЦȴβס
žƱһԱ΢΢ˡ
һᣬۿʱˣʾ⻪ޢм˾ƣ׼ӣİףء
รȻվһŶС֣ϯλһֶžƱİЦڵү
ڸǰˡ
һ¾ˡ
θһչŴһ۹·˷
ղţ׼ҨȵģÿޢڸӾơ
θ֪Ǹ׼ҾƵźˡ
ϽףӸ˲ߡ
Ҷû뵽รͻȻôһ
θͿӶ̧ˣֻε
ǱߣİҲˡ
üͷ΢΢һ壬ร£𴩻ƵڣȴรѾūнӹһ̴ľСӣžͿ첽˹
ԴһΣɽҩ˵֮รࡣ
ڣҲһü˳۵ӡ
İǰָǺӾ͵ү֪ոǺöӡϽҲδܼġ
ร˵΢΢һ٣ڲסĵ֮ɫż˵ȥ˷ϴ󹦷Ѱֹ·ǳҲǱߣˣ
΢죬̧ۿһİ磬ӽصүˡͻȻͻȴҲǡݼڡ֮ˡ
һ˵ͽȥ
ӣԶĿñӰסˡ
ʲô
ŤŤԴıรﹴˡ
θԱ΢΢סһһЦһ뾪ȡ
һ˿΢Ĳм
ӣɵײײĸ첲ν㣬ʲôѽ
θ۾Ǳߣֶյ΢΢ڵסԼڴ΢΢ӣбӣŵ³֣
˵꣬ž˵ò׼ȷֲһ䣺ܻ
ӣ˲ˣ
ʲôԻ·
͹
˵ĺ«ϲҲһϲ
ӣ漴뵽ʷϵӺۡУԹϲν൱
үӺʱֻ߰ǻڹרŵġȮܹܡ´ʥּҪΪƹѡӡѡӡ
ΪϲС
幬Ӻһйعļ¼вʮ
ӣĺ«ĺϲ˰
̧ۿȥͿī۲֪ʲôʱѾİˡ
Ȼҡβһһεص˶ǰŶ̧ͷһ
ʶؾͰѶסˡ
ȴܸˡ
ֿ죬СҲīشһ~~
˶̲סЦรЦǰϡ
ãæӣʹ˾˾ơ


93 ̫

֮󣬱Ǹ˰λ𱰣ˡ׼Ļ
θ͵ĴѡรθŴС־³ˡ
ŴС֣ԼǰȥѴ͸
ԱڶĻÿɰԵӳˡ·̶̼·Ҫһ
˵֮£һСǵͨ죬˻ȥ
θĿ׼
û취ֻѣߵطGǰȵ
е̻еأ֮󣬾Ȼһҡһ¡
ߵϽһסС첲ۡ
θʾ˵ֻ͵͵صףꡣ
ֻ˵һ䣬Ϳˣ
ȻͿվԭء
รԱ߿ţתͷס죬͵ЦһԴ
รһֶۣŴ٣ն
·𿴼ȱײײؾ͹ȥˡ
ϥϣЦתͷطGү˵ЩϾŮң֪浾Ҫģϡ
תͷֿθɫתΪࣺүȻԼŴƽҪҪúõŲǣ
θͨ£ϽлĹذүĽ̵񸣽Ľ̵
Ȼ͵ӣˡ
˶Ͷλó
รԱߣĿתض
ٽһ㣬ĥˡ
ӣֱǰȥȸүȻʹϹϲˡ
˸һ£ϸضеĲơ˵Ҳ֪ӣ˵ãĶ֮ǰû
ӣΪ˰Чÿصڽǲµ黨͵Ƥ÷֭ڲ湴ͼ
һǳϧı飬صͷһ۲һ֣ʾ͹ȥ
С첽ȥʢֽӹʳеݵİǰ
ֿϢƮ˳
ӣĵүһһҹʱ䣬òΪүһƷ۱
˵ĺ棬˵˷·е㲻˼ֻ£ȥˡ
İ̧ͷͿӣȥϯλˣ͵͵վס˽ţԶ̧߱ۿ
̫ˣֳϣҲֻǸԶԶĿһۡطG롣
ȻӣһԼԭأֻ޴ķһԵαȴβסĻϲ
¶˸Цݡ
İӹһ˵⡣
߸ӣͿղȻһЦ֮ҲκαʾˣСԴԹԵصλȥˡ
񲻱ȲรλݵһЩϯϵλҲСһЩ
ӣСӣɵԱã°θչ˴
İһط˲ȥ
ĬĬջߣۿǰġһƷ۱
۱Ǻܹ⻬ƽ棬ŤŤǽСˣ졣
İ΢һ£ˡʱӣŽɳ̻±
һ±ϣСˣһһŮͼ
ǵӣʱſļϣ΢΢ţ˵⻭үѽ
뵽ʱĳİ΢΢촽Ǹһ˿̲סЦ⡣
Ա߿ɬϹϽǲɫʯͷʲôã
ţֿʼ˵ڶֵĴˡһ͵µӡ
ŮǽմŵĶԺĺ
ŮǷֺˣһźλǡ
İſӣȴŵһ˿ĵ㡣
ζżβһ㻨Ϯ˵ζ
ƺǡӣζ
ʶתͷӳһ˫۵ƺ֣¶һؼ΢΢Щϡ
һֻɫӡ
ǴӶ֮ɢġ
ʱ˫źŸԱߵĸϸ
Цž̧ͷһƬ˳ĵģݲͬҲһź򣡡
һ˵һ˫ֵˡ
˾Ͷˣεεص̺򸣽컯
İͿŮӣͲ󡪡һӣɫѣɫ۵ģ½϶ҷɫСֻδ£
İ΢΢üͷɨһˣƺĶ
Ժ檣
һЩܾԶܵӡӡǼ檵Сĺܣ˵һˡ
һ仰Էͽŵ˵
ֻһˣ͸û˼ˡ


94 ӿ

İû˵ʲôﵹЩż
˸һ£̧ͷ΢ЦŵϣūڣźˣүҲһܽظȻȥЪŰɣ
ϸղŴڸźİ缫ŵİϻϢĵˮ㣬Ѿһʱİܽظ
֪Ǹڸˣүǰء
ѵõĻᣡ
ҲɵģŸſһͨٿͨĴ硭
ѣΣͣױݡ
ѧ˭ģ˭
˭ͼأ
รԱߣɫѿ˼㣬ط§Ŷ֣Σϯλϣ۹ֻϣĿﾡǱŭ
Ҳоˣսս̧ͷһรķ
ײϵĿ⡣
΢΢۾ϡ
ƽźᣬҴ磬Ҳûϱ̧ˣôϸһรŷ֡ϳһ˫˵ӡ
ͣױʱƽӹһױʱ͸һƵġƤβ΢΢ġü۵ױϸȾģеüԶɽɣ֮˵ݵķ顣
รﶼҪˡ
ϱϾֻǸ檣ݵ΢ȻиҲСĵӹ˵ġรɱ˵ĿһɣĿڶʱ͵һ
ˡ
ŵĺһһյܽظ˻ΣЩ˳
ҿޢԱۼֿ죬־ס˱յ
ˣյܽظһЩɲɣ˶İµī۵СԴϡ
īԴеղСצӱİѥӲ乷ͷ콵ȸ
̵СצצסԴ໵ؽ
չī۵С̫ŵøϽ˹īۣǿëϸϸؿ˼飬ȻŸİ㱨˵ûд󰭡
챻ˣ̫¶ۼ
תͷһİ粻ɫ漴ǿάЦݣһϣЦҧȥЪŰɣ
ޢϽקקϵӣʹȥˡ
θͷֻӽܽظ·ղŷһжû

ϱޢݴŵ˺棬ѾúȦ
סޢ͵ãǹ˸һƬˣ
ޢ̬ȻǺܹģȴ̾ĵУȻϵȷӺõģ˳Ļš
Ųס֣ɲ¡Ǹİ
ҲǸ̫ļˣϾүһ˵׼ʱ˵ǳǱôö֮ķǰӺʣ
ѾѡˣôŶֻˡ
ôţЦݣ͸ϹľܹūšүȻãȴҲûѵūԱţүԹϲģ
һ¾̧ͷ۾Ҳˡ

İѵõеȶˡ
ʵҲȶ࣬ƽʱľ㲻ʲô
Ͼ곣ǧ족ƽͻᰴ幬ҩԸԸøҩƣ̫ƽ״Ԫ¶÷¶¶ȵȡ
Ҳ˾ơ
һӣ֮󣬾еӿˡ
е˻ȥˣ˵ү˼շ׼˺ģͣôһȥһʹ͡
⻰ȻˣóԺ񿩿ֱЦץī۵βͲ֡
īѵģǼҧˡץˣȻˣҲֻƴ˦βͣǱСֻ̫ЦŶܡ
รſģȻãʱץī۲ţŭȼ޴й̧־Ͳ᲻صһ¶ĸ첲
񡰰ؾͼһ
ģϽֽСӲشīβֽڻรֶŭ
ǵģǲรҲǸأ
ǽ֦Ҷ
ôܶ첲
յƣ߶ʱɺǸ͸һЩѰ˼ҡƻ׵ܰ
İݣİûǡ
ӣֻ֪ǴһȵӾƾȥˣ׼ߵġ

׼ȥĶأǰԺ鷿ǡСԺ
ֻȥӣ
ɬţͷǹɳԹίӿƾʲôķޣ
ƽѾͻݴȡˣˣѵոһ
뵽İãþүҵţѾԸū׼Ѿ
һ˵һ߳ؿİ磬̲ס˲ͷϵϸ
һ̣ġ


95 ϶ϴ

Ͼţʱʱö
İ˼΢⣬а뿿αϣ΢΢ͷƽյľѣ˼졣
ģԽˮ
İֲ˲һתҪԸūǽѾЩȴһ̵Ŀ
ȡȿȡ
İüͷšţ΢΢ͷ
һүɱǾͷִ˷磬ˣ
ϽūŹŷİһԵ鷿
˵鷿ϾǷյһӣи䣬שֱ߲ӽӴߣһʱů˲١
ٺİ£ū˳ȥ
תͷͿİ粻֪ʲôʱۡ
ΪղſԭĻһЩʪ󣬲ƽĵĮ˼顣
ôţֱ־ؿڡ
ԼķʲôúߵģԼԼ
Ȼ͹ʹȥİվһڡ
Ѿޢӣ̣ææؽ˵ţ͵ƼһĻ
ޢ˹ƵģʣµĻȻֹһתȥˡ
͵߿ȴİ߬סˡ
һ˻Լӵס
ü޹ˣ
үǡǡ
İпڵϣüͷ۾ɤͳɳƵЦŵӣ
ĻβסȣҲ
еĶʱסˡ
ôƣǶİһʱû
ܿ죬İƺϳˡ
ɿ֣ȤĬ˿Ȼͳͷˡ
ˣһһЩɾסˡţĬĬվİһۡ
һӳȥˡ

İ͸ӣԺ⣬ڳææµµȥӰ
ȻرˣŹ⣬һ˽
ΪǸܿ췢ֲǡϲôζ
ϯŵǹӣ㣬̫ŨˣѬԴеۡ
̧ͷ߳ɨȥ
ϡ
ﻹʲôë׵Ķ
ϱͽţ̧ͷİԼӽˡ
İǴһӵζҲ̫ƺڵ⿴͸һ㡣
ţ΢΢ָ߬
һŵö߶µŮˣʲôأ
ϲסŷŻޢ˵Ǿ仰ūԱţүԹϲġ
һţһ߸Լһ߸ӣΰڵһЩ檸ү밲
˵˳Ҳ̵
İû˵ֻɫģһһ
һǣֽУ뵽˸Ǿ䶣үϲ
˭ģİؿ˿ڡ
Ȼȣʻܲ
εεص檡Լչ˸ּүܣ檵үŽ̺ү
˵΢΢̧һ˫ӵشӳĽëİ磬ͬʱ΢΢ɡ
Сʱҡҡλε˳
İšüͷҪ˵ȴһֶֻնյСԼһһε
ӣëëƵġ죬ŷɫСͷһֱڶЦء
İһ¾ˡ
İƽʱߣ̫࣬϶մȾ˹ζСһ㲻͹ˡ
˽ǰİȴֻЩĪ졪ͷϵİߵ״ȥһ÷ʢƫУþԴ롣
ɲ͹УֻлĹµС
İȻ뵽죬ʮİ硢幫ͬ͹Уֵֻܣб龰
еĹ硣
İ΢΢һ¡
Ҳˣ֪ǴӲģһӹܣųµģɾ
Ķģһ֣΢΢Źĺ󲱾ǶůëƤһߵϡ
ôʣˡΪء
һ̧ͷϲߵЦˣԼĸ
İһʱ
ʣĶġ
Ͽûˣһ˲ڻϽ¾͵үĻСǹʹ͵ģϲýչš
һ˵һ߿İɫ･ȥ⹷Ǵʲôүĵطˡ
ǲһֻСѡʲôأ
⻹ǹʹ͵أ
˵ˣҲ˵үϲġ
ȻҪæӣܲһ
˴


96 ´

ĥ˰죬ûȻټϽţɫԽˡ
ǺС̧ͷүȥͼİѾС˵ϣûرϲӡ
Сཱུģɰʱ򣬺ˡ
Ȼİ粻λƵأΧİֱת
İһֳֻӷ֣ûֱ΢΢ͻ
Ƕ˵ӢüϿ
ϲٿˡ
ͷȥļ΢΢֮ϯϣѲϵӣǶ˷š
ڵϣҲ֪ǵϵĺĺ⣬󱳶һ
ȥİ
Ͻҧס촽ɥ
һ˫ûĥĥ˰Σʵ᲻뿪
̫ѵˡһˣɾҲûˡ
վԭأ۽ޣҧ촽üģһү
İŮ˵Ƥ
谮ҪĸԸĲźá
֣ƴϴյģ˵θڡ
ͷɨһϣͿһӣɫӣ֮䣬һ֧ɫӣӡ
ʹ͸ӣĺ
ⷢġҲǳƫһߡ
ѣⷢ١ǹ⿴ӰĻĸӣ
ϲһ檣Щ£
İɫֳ۾һ¡ϴǰǶôһˡ
ţҲа಻ס˼ˡ
ȥڶ
һ¾ίˡ
Ȼˣȴٶ˵Ͻһ߲ᣬһȥ
İҲˣ̤ߣֻæë׵СȣİҲܡ
ߣصţİôˣһ޴վү
İסŲֱ˵սˣ
֪⻰ʲô˼һ£Сǰգȥ͹˰
İ˵ͷ
ɨһۻԱĨϣһЦȻϲԺϾרźúź򸣽գ
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Χūæתӣÿȥ
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97 ûûεĿ

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ƴһȻίʵֲЩζһϳ塣
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ʱġ빽ҲֻӣôУʵִĽ빽ڸȻһֶ
йִĽ빽ʵԴʮǸʱ򣬽빽졣
ǰϵЩʵжҲС𹽡ܶ๽һ״磬ڸۡ
ϴɾ֮ӣ顢֥͡͡ǡΣĩһ֭⡰빽ϣȵ֮Ȼۺۡ
ΪϲζģصؼһЩǽ
빽ã֭ȫ˽ȥټصıζóˣ
ǵȻᣬ˼ֱҪֻ֡һͣĻͣȵ󣬷ż죬涼ᷭ
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ӣȫ̲˵ŴӤʵС΢΢죬Եķǳ档
빽ϵһû˷ѣȫԵˣȻÿ⴮ȥպ
ζһ䣬Ȼ뵽˺ʽը⡣
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İʱ⴮ʢԱ߻ҪһÿӼڵôŵ͵Ĵ߿У̫档
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ϧİһ޶˶˵Щɷ羰
ӣſİǰ΢΢ͷ
Ͽһȴڱﰵ˹ȥԽԽصİһֻϡ
΢΢ͷ棬סİĸ첲࣬Цеصүףѽ
İ籾Ĵ㿴һ飬ֵһƬӣϣһֻεСƵģֺֽ
ƫƫֻС㣬ƵĳɢĵµСԽ
˾
ӣͷİˤȥˣֻЦһҡͷһ߳סĺס
ӣĵЦİǰϣŽҲڱصűԣӣɫĽбӽͬһشˮ紵
ⴿСʽ֣ûûΣǳɡ
ƫƫİͳһס
žͽ׽סӣļ򣬽ᡣ
ӣſǰ΢΢۾еҪ˯˼
İȴ¡ȥ˼ۣЦЦӣ°ͣקקС䡣
ͷȥӣĴǵȰԵ
ӣǼѹôһ㣬һЦÿ촭ү
İ۾Цһǣһţӣ˫ֽͷء


98 ϲү

߰ţǱߣӣһЦţһƴ
طG϶һᣬȴֱӣҲƲͣ
Цͷհ˰ӣգЦѾȫûֿˣŽ͵Լߣָ⡣
ףָ⻹տζģ
ӣǱŪúܲ˼Ҳղצˡ
۾ܹɵţһֳİȴѾס
ķ˿˳ָ죬һ»䡣
İսֱۣѹ˹ȥ

ҹʱ֣ӣпİ绳󱦱һ´
ָͷ̧ˡ
Ȼö̺ϴԡʱӣͺ޲ֱӰѽˡ
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ӣһˣźۼİ߿˿ְȥůš
İ絹Ǿܺã§ķ䡣
뵽ţеԣеίһָİţʵظ
İѱӳס΢΢ЦЦɤִƣЦŵԣú˯
ӣһһԴһ˫۾طGأ
طG§ս
ĶͷȻߵӣϲү𣿡
ӣߵֱסһ¾˱ֻ¶ͷϵļë档
İЦæĽӱ˳΢΢ѹסļ˼Σյζİؿһ飺ӣ
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ųʲôڱߺ
ͰŸȫһ飬嵭Ĳʽ𻨰ľٺŴźҶԲɳ⡣
ӣտԳˣڵóЩ嵭ҲͦáڴƬ̣ؽЬӶ׼ˣ
￴ȷʵҪˣǹȥ
ӣ֣ո𴲲һһӾǰһԡ
ҺһѰסˣ˼ס
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һһӣױ̨ǰ£ӣһתۣױ̨Ա߶һֻûľϻӣɵһ£ǡ
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ӣôһ˵
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ǼȻǴӸĿ˵ӣͻΪԺ¡
û뵽ʹͣǴүǰԺ
ִϻӣͼ滹һֻСӡ


99 ʫ

ٰһ򿪣һԵӣɫӾͳǰ
Ʒ͸֮УܼǵɫͺڲǶ͸ӣꡣ
ӣƤͰף֮󣬳ĵƤˡ
öԱߣ۾ֱˣˣֱƴͷÿ
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ӣЦŽϻӺϣͷؿϵӣ뵽˹˵ǾĶʫ˫ѡ
Сſſڵ̨ϣöӵʺȥˡ
˦˦βͣҲҡҡλεվ˽ȥ
ӣ£СŬСͷӲǴöм伷˽̧ͷӣؽһ
ʲôöҲҳ򰡣
ӣѺӽպ֮󣬱㸩С⽱ͿСҡë׵Сβͣױ̨ϵһۣ֬Ȼ͡ȿȡؿ˼
ӣְöȥɣױ̨̫㣬ӿܲˡ
öӦţС⽾ͳȥˡ

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Сӵһ״ġ
ȥ˵˵С巢ȣԲ¶ʳʱʱĴ磬ик
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ӣոճϵС㣬ױ̨ǰ׼ժ¶ߵ׹ӣһ̧ۣͿﱧС⽽ˡ
Сͷ档
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С⽵Ĺְģûм˵ʱ˵ǹ⣬ܡ
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ǰԺ鷿СӴһС̫Ÿոճɫе㽹
ӣСӸ밲ﱧŵС⽣һ
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ӣҲ֣Ҳһ㶡
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Сӻͷһ鷿ĵƻ𣬳üص֪ʱүī۾ˣȣԲȥͣĿԣȵı˻ɤ͸Ƶģûͣտļӿ켱ˣū˶еˣⲻڸīۿأ
һ˵һ߾ӣСֿ˼
С۾һɣĿԣ
ӣﶯ˶İʱīҲǸںģСһ˺þá
֢״һֹвûпǣīۺС⽱˴֮䣬ഫȾأ
ðһ
Ȼ֢״ȸðصöࡣ
ӣĥţʢѾһ̫
̫Ƕģˣӣһ磬վԺ֪ǹˣҶ࿴Ͻʢ͸˰
ʢ۾һɨӣС⽣ˡСҲⲡ緽ԡ⸮ȮˣȾ˲ֹһֻС
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ӣӹС⽣ֵݸ̫࣬ʱСѾʼϵŻˡ
ΪûθڣҲûʲôȻŻ²ֹ˰ҲֻһЩĭճҺ
̫˴ֲӸС⽲ˣϸϸķСۿ˿̧̧Сȡ
ãû
ʱڹ𲡵ڣȻʤ㻹Ǵġ
С֮以ഫȾĲ𣿡ӣ۵ؿС⽣̫ࡣ


100 

̫ཫС⽷ŽüͷظĻūųţʮа˾Ȯ
ӣһ֪ˡ
Ȯɲġ־֪ˡ
һֵģûʲô򵥵Ĳ֢
Ȯһֹ֮䲡ԵĴȾʱȽϸߣǶС˵͸ӲŹء
κˣҲԣ鴤ĺ֢
ִӣʹȥҽԺˣִҽˮƽԽԽߣȮҲߡ
ǿ䡭
С⽾ͺ˵һССԴѵ̧һŤһŤȥǸ
С˵ӣ˴ӣ˻ڣµǱ
ʱںڵĴ۾ȫˮؿӣСצצµӣСβһֱڷ
ӣϽС⽴̫бˣȻıڻ
̫๧صūзӣøϽҩСȥⲡԽΣԽ׾Ȼ
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ӣԱţͷЩҩţǸθðġ
ȣôյĿ
̫һгӣһ߱ҩӣǱС̫һߵͷš
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С⽲ʱͿʼ飬ᣬӣһһţò׵ȵҩˣС̫Ͻùʳװˣ߶ȥ
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ֲǾǵϣˮˣ
Ȼ˼֢״󣬾͸ƶˡǹȾˡ
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صԼСԺӣûϴ˯С⽱ϾСҲСοⲡ֢գڿ𲡵ڣ˭֪᲻ͻȻͷչصĽ׶Σ
˯С⽱ϣС⽽
Ҳ֪ԼǸΣǲ̧ͷӣͣСͷĸ첲䣬ʾĸм
ӣС⶯;ġֻСǰ˵ʱ϶˲ίŻø鷳һǳھε顣
Լ˱˵ĸԼӣΪ˶⡣
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öһ̬ҡҡͷȴᶨصǵģƣֻΪƣ
˵꣬·Ϊ۾ݣ֧۵һ㣬˹գּص񲻹ʲôóԵģֻҪҲˣصطһЩҡǡǣǺܺúܺõˣ


101 

ʱСϵȶˡ
ȻڿԣѾ飬ˣҲ˲١
һ㹷³ˡ
ӣˣС⽵Ĺͷ͸ι
İǱߣī۵ȴ̫ãǳ鴤Ƿȶȳٳٲˣ˵˲ҩȥҲ޼¡
İǰԺֻһֻīȴİϲһֻ
С̫༱üͷ϶Ƕĺ飬Χīת
Ժֻ״͸ˡ
СӸոտֻʱ򻹺ܲ죬һʣߵūһ˵֪СǸǰ죬͹Ҫġ
˵Ǹ͵ģǵİȮСеһֻ
֪СӲҵһֱߴŹܹļ̫ϸĿţ˭֪ūţԴӰѹ£Ҳûˡ
Сͷһ÷һĻ꣬״رÿ˹Ŀ
СҲСȮ
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үǰԺū˸ϽÿװϾ͸Ͻ͵˸ǰԺ
С˸ǰͿʼϵؿԡһ߿ԣһѪĭӡ
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īۺС⽶ʵʵشںԺҲûȥҲ˻ݣ
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ο

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͵檣ӣȴóĸһȽϡǮվԺſڣٲǰеԲλࡣ
ӣһ̧ͷͿǮվǶ
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֮Ǯ¡Ť˰죬ڰϵ˵ˡ
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Ǯһ˵һ߾̲סֵס죬ַŵǰӲ׿˵ģ˵Ҫ̧Ժ
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ӣͷȲ裬û˵ʲô
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Ǯӣǰ£õ檵ĵطֻܷԸ
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Ǯֲš

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û˵꣬öͻȻԱˣģ
öǶһۡ
öǱģѸɾ
Ȼӣȴʮ㣺үǺϲģϲ


102 үط

öôһѣ뵽İնԼҸǧֳ谮㽥̤ʵ
ҲǡϲһˣǾôɢأ

ϽǣǬ幬
ʮԽݼߣХŴԶ
֮ů͵ȴ紺һ㡣
ֱߵ̲յۿȥŹվһԣĥҪҪǰյÿϡ
Ƕ
ڴļ綼վˡ
̫طiǰģչ֮ûã˾һɡ
ǰüĿ뵽ĸסΪѲŵĺϡ
ĵһλʺ󡪡ߵʱҲֻжʮꡣ
طiͲࡣ
ȥ󣬿ѶԽᷢ޾˼ΣתƵطiϡ
طiŸոʮ˸µʱ򣬾ͱʽΪ̫ӡ
ǵʱæƽսܶ޵Ȱ˵ʹôϣҲô磬һΪ̫ӡ
ȴһ˳ӡ
죬Ҳϵϡ
꣬Тׯ̫飬ҪŮΪʺ
ǿغϵºҪĻǿϱǿļ屳
Ȼ֮󣬺˳˿ݵ󹦳
ΪһϵĴᣬĿ
֮飬ֻڽɽ֮
һΪ̫ӣֻΪ޵Ļ
ΪΪ̫ӣȫصİƽṦΰҵĵ·
ӣĬ˰Ρ
ĶӺܶ࣬ʱиֻ֣֮кطiǱڶ
뵽ϣĬ˰Σֵطi
̫ǰ̧ˡ
ԱߵĻʳطAʶؾ̫ӱӰһۡ
ָǰϵ־͵ܵ
طiϵۿ˿żһҪ̫͵̵顣
̫͵Ǿʢĳƺΰ
طiС̫͵μӸļ䡣
̫͵ĸߴϣƣֱͬҪȥ
컨л微洹ԯطi͵ܵǴСϲ̧ͷϿ
طiˣҲĲһŻ̫͵һ£ѾˣϹʦ֡ʮǰ꣬죬Ϥˡලѡδ˳ǡ
˰һۣ˵˵ԸÿƼѡ
û䣬طiѾ˿ڿˮһ˿βסƶʰ꣬롭
ڿ漱˵ѾЩݡ簮Ҳû˵ʲôֻվĶǣʾǸ˵һ˵
̫վǰ棬ͷѸ˶ɨһ顣
󰢸طAתҲŸλܵǡ̫͵¶ûò
Ǹʲ
Ҳֻһô̫͵ϽϵĻʼǵ䳡ǻȨ
˭๤̫͵޽ڻбעĿ
οȥеԭ̸طAǲ̫ӡ
һ̫Ӳһǳأ
˶˵
һҪȽϣ޷Ǿĸס
ĸ׻ݣȻǲͬ߹ĻʺᲢ۵ġ
һ㣬Ķݵ̫Ӳ
ͻʳطAһ뷨ģ硣
ĸϣݲߣ˶Ҳڹվ˽Ÿ
Ͷ̫ӲһСʱǸڴ󳼴¶üеģҲΪˣСŨѧ
ͬʱҲû£ǰ˻ʰΧԣʱ书򣬿Թ˲¡
绹ǵãʱʰ꿪ЦټʰЦôĹ
ȾһЦˡ
ʱϦµĽҰڻʰֳһɫĹΡ
ǵãʰؿԼﾡʶ˫ȫѵԸǫо֮磬Ǵ
ʲô
ݽɽִ
֪Լú˼룬һ̣΢΢ָ߬ϻǫ͵Цݣһȴﲻϵ
·ʲôɸ˵ģصС˼΢΢ѿ

ڰ˵꣬ȴİطGʼճĬԡ
Ȼ뵽һΣ鷿طG˵Ļ̵ӡ
΢΢ЦЦطĢָָأҲ˵


103 ˼

طGǰ̧֣𾴵صػʰ꣬󣬶Ӳԣȫƾʰⶨᡣ
̫ˣͶǺЦţɨطGһۡ
ĵܿʵľͷƵģĳ滰ò
ҲЩڴյʧ漴뵽طGһʵϺӡ
£̤̤ʵʵ
Ҳܺá
ͷ˻֣ʾطG£ȴ⺢һ˫ɾǰ
ݲȡ

İ縮۳žͿҪˣӣȻԺȴҲ֪˹һ¾Ҫ̫͵
˵̫Ӽ๤
İҲ̫ӵ˰æʱæҹޣҲֱǰԺˡ
ӣҲоһûİ硣
ǰԺƯΣóԵģСİ綼ûԴԴϵ͡
ӣӶ챻ˡ
û취ĶֻȲ⣬ȫøɫĳˣһ߸ϲ
ӣ⼸³ʱ򣬾е㷢еƿĶԴԴϵ
ۿŸֽѾʣµĲˣʱ򲹲ˡ
Ŭ˺üεڴ۾ֻɫľɺɰؿռ䶼ûһο
׿ռĹʲôأ
ӣ˼ڤ룬ҲûȻ
һп˿ռ龰Ȼ뵽һϡСף
ǵһΣ֮⣬һ廨Сס
ӣһͰнҳһδǼСס
ԭѡ
СǵɫģϺͨЩɡ
ӣͺɰս˷һȽһ£ŻȻ򡪡С׵ĻɫͺɰĲϻɫһģһġ
Ҳ˵ܱͬһƥ
ӣϽСףַԸŮ˭ҪţȻϱڴϣԼ˸ʵʵ
˯
˯һϮԺ֮䣬ӣȻͿֻɰڷӨӨ΢⡣
ϴһǿռ俪ˣ
´ϲϽȥ
ɰ˲䷢޴ӣӦѾһϮ

Ӧǰǿ⣬ʱͷԼһǸռ
ǰĻ϶˸ָĵϣϴһȫصʳ϶С
ӣǰһƿʽͷھȻҲǸµġ
ѵһƽпռ
뵽Խ֮ǰļˣɵۿȡǸ֪˻òá
ǡûʱ˸С
ӣѸٵСףϴһ۳һֻȻͷɿؽֵƷװ
ӣѵʱǱʽƿǸѵġ
ƿӿһۣͷֱȫһ߰ģղŴӿռóƿƿ޹ޡ
ȻеЩϣȫװõ̵һͷҲˡ
öˣͰӸ̧ȥˡ
֮ǰİտһΣԺʽˡ
ãʽͷţ跹һ
Ҳԡĺ«һ
ӣƿƿ޹޷һ
ȻԼȷʵǡЩ˼ĺ«ˡ
Ҫʳ̫࣬ӣöдֽ
öһ˵ҪóԵˣ˳һѽӹֽкСӺСӣŷȥˡ
û֮ӣܲ«ƶѿˡ㹽⼸صģȫ˿Ƭ͹죬
žţƬͼ嵰
ʽ跹ΪƯһ㶼̫ν̫ǵײƣֱ¶棬ӲӵС̫Ƶġ
öվԱ߿ӣ嵰Ӷˡ
ӣ԰ѵһõ̫һںۣװһֻСݸȥ԰ɣ
ߣ¼һ̫һıһãľ͸̫ƵģΧһȦף΢΢Ĳ˱ƶһ̫
ÿˣ
ӣ׺ʽټ顢֥֥͡顢۽ȳɰ跹
ٰ׷ףõĲ˳Σţһ׷ϣһһָ
̫м䣬ϵõĺͨͨİ跹
һζĺʽ跹ˡ
ʳˣҪСʳ⡣
Ȱ跹򵥣ŴŴ⣬顢ǣ¶أһˮĲ裬Գϡ
ȵ֭ճĽʱͿװˡ
װ֮һ֥飬ζ㡣
ɫȻ޵ģʵ
ӣһ֮ǩһ鴮
Ϊһʳá
öԱߣӣѰ跹⴮Ž˱ʳ
ӣѶ͵ǰԺȥ
ȻǸ̫Ӱæĺ«һæͱˡ
С⽱ſԺӽĹѵģ̧ë׵СԴҡҡβͣȥˡ


104 ͷ

ԺӣİǰԺ鷿ķ߹ȥû߼ͷŵСβ͡С⽡
ͷƣͼС⽿ԼԴ
ȥСĥĥظţΣֻա
İǰԺͿƻͨʹСӣ֪İ粻ڡ
û
ƽҪ̫Ƕˡ
΢΢еɥŸ⼸ʱʱᷢ
İ綼һûˡ
ѶСӣ׼ߣָںСߵĺܼѡһȡ
ȳˣ
СҲС·ǵӡ
ָָ͹еСǰȮµë
֮ǰ̫˵ˡЩСùȮ֮󣬼ʹκˣҲһЩ֢θڱСʱǳ鴤ԡ
֢״С
ôһ˵ﵹҲĥСſڹҼˣҲûôע
ѲɣСʲôʱȳӹ
СӺܿͽ
֮󣬼С̫඼ó˽ۡΪȮĹϵСȻһȥȿˡ
üүȻ΢΢˶һֻС
үīۡ
īվԭأС⽵ȣֿѿֵ·ơ
ī۵ӹһ˿𾪡
С⽿īۣ۾һ͵̧ͷҡβͣϲؾȥ
ī۵񣬻ͷһԼȣ·Բλһ㡪СĬĬصͷԼ
īȻǲ̫ԼСӴ˾ͱȳӡ
̽ǰȥñṰ˹С⽵ĺȡ
С⽰ؽһĵ˼漴΢΢ؿī۵ϣīϼ˼
̧īۣôİࡣ
īﻹֻС˵Сʱڻ԰ÿģʱҲǸظңҸ衣
С⽲һС⽡
ʱС̫īۻе㷳ء
ڡС⽱⸱ģҲԼˣīۺȻ;ܼˡ
ͷͷС⽵ĶǡǰοҲһֱĳŵ
Լļ͵Сǰ
С⽲ŰСԴī۵Ĳ£εīۻꡣ
īûж㿪ҲһЩ
Сڰ
ǰԺ鷿ȥСȳһֻȣǱȥˡ
īһֱ׷ԺſڣĵؿС⽣׷ȥС̫౧ˡ

һֱҹ϶ûʲôˣİŻ˻Ӹ
ոǰԺ鷿;öˡ
Сӹ˵ղ˳Ե
һ˵һ߰ʳ
ʢİǰֽҿͿһһǼŲ˺׷
һгָͷϸƬǩϣҲһͮͮĽŰ֥顣
ر㡣
İͷſһ˲ʢ׼תͷԸūȥ׼̺꣬İţİȴֱ̧̧֣ӹȥ
ȷкһûȥӣˡ
ߣ׼ȷ˵ǺһûȥԺˡ

ӣʱ˶һ¡
ӣ·𲻸һ
İеЦеᡣ
ǰȥӣ֣ӡ
ӣס֣˺ܰظ̨̤ף۾һֱû뿪Ĳ
İ뵽һӣæ̫ǶӣһںԺ
ϾСƽʳԵҲûʲôġҲϡкӿչˡ
ôһûҲ֪ôӵġ
˵˲ʹ͡ҲĹ
ʹôܺʹأ
İӣֱɵ˻⣬΢Цүģʲô
һ˵ԣӣ˶Ѫˡ
ָ˵̫跹˵ը⣬Ȼİʢʳ
ӣһ;ˣүûըžˣڸл᲻ճʱóء
İףЦž͵һ𡣡
£ӣʱһѣūȥ׼һϴҪõˮ
ʱڵƻ֮£ӣְԼ׺ʽʳóϸƣ͸оЩˡ
Ȼİ˵ϻûԹ͸еòˡ
Ȼȥһɡӣվߡ
İһ֣ͰԼš
ūһ龰һ񣬾ǽȥˡ
š
һ¾ˡ
ءİү㣬ֲ˵ģ
ɵԼˡ
İһ˵һ߸žͽʢŷȳ
ӣʢ棬Ŵİ绳
ʢԾվſڣ΢΢ӣ˿ûн˼
ԱţͷİģϲԵġ
ͷá
Ȼȫǵá


105 ү

ŷĲ˺ܿˣūææµµزš
һ͹˵Ѿˣү͸ȥš
İӣֱȥˡ
ڵƻӣʢһֵݸİ硣
İӹȽͶԱӣĺ跹
һ죬ʱĶˣӾͳһƬ⡣
ӣ֪ʾүҪһġ
һ˵һ߾վȥվİߣͷˡ
İЦſ衣
ӣˣİȴûӣһֻ
Ȼ˰ѷһӣ
ӣ˵ﻹУֺαɨ˽«ˣ
߸˵ؽӹˡ
İ糢˼ںʽ跹ֻζǲȻȥӣǰЩˡ
ǰﲻһЩ߲ˡ׷Ƭļҳϡ
Ѿһ죬ʱҪЩɽ亣ζҲδθڡ
һ跹ѾİĶӡ
ȵϴԡ֮ڴߡ
İӣﻹŴ󰢸̫ӽڹһ΢Ĳ졣
ţЩˡ
ӣԴĿһϿȥİڷԼһͷİĲӡ
İع΢΢һ¡
עˣͷЦڵؿӣһ˲
漴̧ԴԼУָ⡣
ָһ㱡ļ룬ʱĥģӣָĦеۡ
Цֳ
İ͸ƽѹӣ˴һǡ
ӣ̧ͷͿİ΢΢ͷԼȫǳ硣
ĴÿĻȡ
·Ϊֹһ㣬İ־סӣĺס
ӣˡ
İͷӣЦŨűֱָŴݲȵĽ࣬ס
öûˣ
˼ֶʱûʱȻѹֵסһˣˡ
İֱ§ӣӶȦԼЦЦ°Ͱӣ۵ա
ӣסеۡЦ
ܰԵȭŽһͨûѿ
ӣ˵Ūˡһ̧ͷͿİϵЦⲻ֪ʲôʱѾʧˡ
ĵעǰһ˼ģ
˼һƮˡ
ӣˣĺ«¡
ʱʵˣҲˣֱסİİ۹ĿĵƮǰĴʡĿǵصӣɫ
ʮҹХȴһƬᡣ
İ̧֣ʶһһ飬ظӣĳ
֪˶ãڽ˽§ֱۣҲû˵ӣȴ̧ͷ

İͷĵĿöӣߡ
΢΢ָ̧ۣӣգĴָ߻ȺС
ӣǰ˵ɤֳֵߵӣ벻ȥ
ӣһ¾˾ˣһſİĻͷȥĶ
漴еɥĵͷ
ʱŮӻȥģ
İҡ
ʵǻԭңӣԺԭļ䣬ҲӦ
ϾԭҲûôλءҡ
İ̧סĺףͦͦһǣӣĶ࣬ȵĺĲ֮䡣
΢΢ȴûаЦ⣬ֻǵشӣ⡣
³֣Į
ӣһӾ˵ˡ
ƾһʷ֪ʶģģǼǵãλڼ䣬
Ƕ³ɹ׼졣
λʱ򣬸Ϊ˸ͳɹŸֱӵľ³ͻ
Ϊȷ߽ƽʴĮ
ǰ֮󣬸Ԫֻ˱ᡣ
ĲŻ
һξʷϵĪ֮սˡһս۷ڿʮ꣬ߵܸӡ
룬
ӣ뵽ĬĬһ¡ǿʮβɲǿʮ
Ϊӣİ游ҲǺ顣
ֻǲ֪һȥҪá
ʱ򲻱ִͨܲǴӾ½ϣҪá
οôңԶĮ
˵׼һ궼ܻء
ӣ뵽;˵һʧ䡣
ľֱİ
İһûһµطͷͣĺġ
ھĬ


106 һ

İֵֻĲڣҴı߽㲻ð꿪һս⣬ֻʱ⡣⼸ڹҲֻ̫͵һ£ʰѾʾƶ˾ʮ
˵Զ˶٣̧ͷ
ӣſ̧ͷİֿʵĲ
˵£Ȼ˵Ĵݲȣȴ·С磬ȼš
ǲ˻˵ߣİְӣľѡ
ӣŵĶϵĳˮϢ
ڱۡ
İ˽§ֱۣĬվǷֱǰϦһ㡣
ãŵͷ᲻صӣͷǣ漴˫ִϥ䣬˱
ӣ§סĲӡ
ƽӣģʱȴЩֱ·ѹֲס
ıһˤֱǿӲ졣
ӣոջİ飬İѾ
޾ࡣ

ҹ֮ʱ֪ߣİ纰ūˮ֮󣬾Ͱ˶ϳȥˡ
ϱ
ӣֱûˣ̧ʹſүүԼߡ
İЦһ£Цú΢
ִһ˿֡
ӣһ˵һ߷·Ϊ֤Լ˵滰ͷ߶µؾˡ
ĳʱٲһб
İʱΣһ¡
ӣûۿŴվ
Ȼɼһ

İûֱᱧԡͰԱߡ
ӣϺܲԻ·ʱȴ档
ͷͰˮ̲ס͵Įܸɣȥ˵Ļүϴˮ裬ûôˡ
һ˵ڣ˶Ĭˡ
İ򱡱촽ȥ졣
ӣڳţİһҪȥã᲻ΣգʲôʱܻЩ⡣
ĺأӱ޶ǣǴˡ뵽ˡ
漴ӣԼеԼˣޣں˼ʲôѽ
˼ǻӣ
ţͷİѾһѷԱߡ
ĬĬƽʱ¡
ľͰҩˮ΢΢
ӣӦ֮˰˱޳ˡ
ߺקİһֻ֣ҿֻүԼԣԼɣ
İʱԱˣһĹһĿֻĬؿӣ
ӣʱԡͰɽ˲ˮеİü䣬۽ϣ仹ˮ£ĵԽüĿ
ӣء˶ˣ
ͿǰﺬЦ΢΢ü
ϾسһֻľͰء
ӣһֶ˵ˣ
صͷ׵װԼһֻС⬡
Ȼְ°ˮཹཱུݡ
İɤЦǺĵĵ˵ȡ
ӣǺߣСԴˮܵشľͰ΢ЩСɵ°ͣߡ
ȥӣү㣡

İֱŵ˴֮ϣӣ̱һİ۰
ӣЩˡ
ֻ˵һ䣬İԸˮ
ʱĹ̶˽
İļ飬͵ӣߡ
ӣԹԵشųĽëһˡ
һ߳ԣһ߾͸оİԴ΢΢󲱾ϵš
ףôͺȻιСĴ
ˣŮʰ˶ͳȥ
İתӣԱߣ⸱ģ߻ˮɫ֭ˮ
ֱһֻɰС궫Сëȫʳģûʲô
ͱġ
İЦҡҡͷӣ˲ְ££á
ӣһİ绳Ū
֮£ĬعסİָĻ˻ΣǺܵġ
үȥĮ𣿡
İ۵׵Ĺˡ
ʲôҲû˵ֻ̧֣ӣգ漴תͷƻɫ΢΢һ˲ŵӣȥ𣿡
ӣ˼ľ͵ͷһ𣡡
İûʲôɫȴӸˡ
ͷĬĬؿӣһᣬͷһǣŵսɲ棬Ҳ˵Įμ࣬ӪսգۣδǡӣһŮӡ
ӣĬһ˲ͷİסԼ֡
̧ܿͷ˴İĸ첲
İתͷ


107 ү

ӣĬĬ²ۣҲһŮӣһܳԵŮӡ
߬İһָͷ˴ꡣ
İӣӣô
ӣ̧ͷ¡
˶٣ŵһһ𡣡
һȥĮ
İ̧Ŀؿӣ
߳þõעţӣеӿ죬̲ס۾
漴뵽Įһ£̧İ磬ĸ첲˻Ρ
İû˵ССү
İ绹ǳĬԡ
ӣվү
İ綨ؿһ˲Ȼһ֣һѳ±˻
ֱǿӲסӣ壬ԹԵү
˵ȵϢҲƤϡ
ӣֱİıĻĬŵ˵ͷ
ɵģʱҲζˡֻĮ֮УʹǻӣϸĸҲǲġ
İļ΢΢ͷǰİ磬ָ
İȴսֲţһ˫ӱĵƻӳøˡ
Աߵ鷢˲գɫһ˲΢΢򴽡
ϵɫӣûġ
ӣ֪ڼˡ

ӣû뵽ǣû죬幫Ȼոˡ
Ǵһ糺ɫװ޵ĺɫȴӢˬζ
ǵŮҲطGͬãǻ̫󲩶üģݹأӡ
˹밲ʱ򣬾Ϳ幫ڸֵλãЦ֣һûһµ˵Ż
ˣ
˵˹ôôš
ӣ±ߣŸĻ磬ˡ񲢲֪İ罫ҪȥĮ顣
Ҳİ绹ûжԸ˵
รȥҲһ֪ӣֻ׷幫Ķ幫ЦҲЦŶҪȥ幫档
幫ؿ˶һۣɪ軳ﲻǰˡ
รһƽ䵭ɫһ˸Ļͷ׷幫˵
Ȼˡ
幫ϡ
ûã̲幫ֻͦ˱յڴԵһ£ͷˡ
Ǹˡ
Ů˰˵ֱ幫һ㣬ԵչĹĵġ
ǿڶ֮ӹŮǵֽӣ˲֡
ȻľҲûˡ
İòϳŵʱ򣬻صع˸˵幫ڹǧġ
ǵ˱ոʲôҪ󣬾š
ĵұҲò
ѵóɩȥѹλ̫Ĺ
ร͹˵ŻӣȸţۿŲൽ밲ʱ䣬θͷͺԾվЦ˵ǲŸ͹ˡ
ӣ⼸һֱİҪȥĮ飬Ҳûʲô˼һյ衪ˮûȼڣǳ˰
һθ˵Ҫߣ»
վʹθһˡ
幫ȻǣӣıӰ΢΢һ̧°ͣĵϴɫɻ֡
һ¾Ͱˡ
˵߶ӣ
ӣͣ˽Ųסԭأعͷһ˲һνʱǸһĨĺɻ֡
ʱ幫Ҳ˺ü飬Ĳ
뵽ʱĳӣ̧ͷ幫ȴԷЦ˵ġɻҪճĲźóԡ
ӣһ¾Цˡﻹǵã
ͷЦе˵ǣɻ֣Ҫźɻոըʱźóԡ
幫۾һ°ֵͣǻʲô
˵꣬վߡ
⧲ʶؾվ幫׷һŵá͡
幫վסţͷһԴԳһ˿죺ɩȥһڸһ𻰡
ĸȻΣȴҲ֪幫ӣ˵Ѿܸӵˡ
ֻǿЦŵҪҪҲǸˣǰҲȥǶƣҲ޷
幫ÿɷӦһӣʱȻס֣Цŵߣ
ףȴСӣһһģɼؾ͸ȥˡ
รüͷվ͸һ˲
˶ڶԷ￴ͬĲ졣
ϣʲôʱֺ幫ˣ


108 

ոճ˸Ժ幫ӣ֣ɿǰ
ӣظţע⵽´ǲǻЬ
ЦŵЩ
幫ȻתͷսӣգգۣصЦЦŵĸġ
ӣһ¾ս֡

ӣԺūǸû˿С⽣СԺ߸˵׷һֻɳ棬Ȼˡ
һȳһˡ
С⽡ѵءŲһǽǣĿ幫ӣӡ
˭
£ӣӹֽӲ˲ָָ䣬ЦԵȣɻֲֲˡҪЩʱġ
幫ͷȻȻҵҪôģߣȥ䡣
ӣ䣬СӺСӻſڼŲ幫ֻɨһۣü°ա
СӺС̧ͷһӣ
ӣ˵ͷ
һֻʣ幫ӣˡ
ӣְһֻСʹ幫£ֵֻί幫ˡ
幫ҡҡͷöཿЩ䣬ĸҳȥĴأ࣬Ҷ֪ġ
һ˵һߴ
ӣϴ֣幫˵ֻǴԼ
Ҳߴ幫󷽷ؾͰƤеĲϻһ𣬷ֱţΪҪĺɻ׼
幫ϲĺɻ֡
ӣµĶؿһһ㣬صĸȥǶʱ䣬;ң԰ɣ
Ͼǰӣôһ˵©ˡ
ӣһټϸղڻ԰幫˵Ǿ仰ĸġ
ȫˡ
뵽İ磬ӣһů
΢΢촽¶һ˿Ц⡪İĮİһڸŶ幫ء
һ£̫幫ʱʱذٽȥ
ټ幫ʱʱصǶȥ
ۺҲ϶ϲڼʲô
幫һԣ˫һӣ㣬Ȼͻأؿڵĸĺϲ㡣
ӣ¶һ£ĵ㻮˺ɻꡣ
̧ͷ幫
幫ֱǰɤӣЦصҴûĸһˡڸ±۸ˣȥĮ±ˡĸǸѶϵˡ
˶٣̧ͷһһ֣صΨ⡣

İʱ򣬾ͷӣƺճ
Сǰ֪ͨˡ˵š
ӣȻС⽣Ժſڡ
Ǹˣ۵ֲǴ죬ϵķô
վڷţΨֲ
ǿ۾ѵⲻˡ
ӽݣסԺ󣬾һֱĸ첲ûſ
һֻû÷ſӡ
İЦžͰ˴һڻﱧţͷŶͷ
ӣڳ񣬵عʱѾİĴˡ
İĺģο£жӡ
˼ǡȥĮӻһξ롣
˵ãһ˵ӣﷴѹóˡ
Ȼ뵽ǰѧʱ̵ĹҪС
СƽʱǻϲԩңССָˡ
˭Ҳû뵽ֱ֮ǰһ£ÿ϶ڱޡ
컹һµӡ
Ҷ֪һ죬ӣĤС´׼ϲŷڱ޵û
ʱͱѣο˺ð졣
ԸҲܵˡ

ҹ賿ʱʢţƽʱһ׼̺İ
ӣҲˡ
İסļ򣬻󱦱ٶ˯һ
ӣһͷëִֵˡ
һİ̺˶ˡ
쿪ֱۣӣȦԼߵӣ᲻үǲǣ
ӣգգۣܰû˵
İͷ˰գȻսֱۣԼϺݺһͷߵǾ͸Ͻүޣ
ùţӣȥʱİվſڣȻ֪ʲô𣿡
ӣʵסˣָĬĬ㣬û
ʵػش֪
İһɵӵı鿴·˵ӣסˡ
֣ͷǸݣ󣡡
ӣͿ֣Цҡͷ
ˡ


109 Žеó

İ̧֮ۿӣ˵Ļϲ
ӣĸ첲ѵˣǸģ
ӣһ¾ͻȻˡԭա
˵ԭͶ̥ÿأ¶æʱ
ҲãҲմŹϲǣ

Ͼٽ꣬ǶϲõķΧУҼһɨլԺոװβһ¡ġ̴ġŵġţǵĹȫ˸Ժ£к԰ĳȡ
ðȥĻƻ¡
Ͻٵơ곯ͼ֮ϲҲѾ׼áڳ֮͢ϣ¶ʮңѾӡż٣գ¡
ӣ죬İǡҪڹμ䣬賿ӱ˸
Ϊ֮ǰص˹ӣ˵ϻӣҲΪеĻᰲŲϡ
˯˸æ˴ոױãŵʱСӾʹſⷿˣİ֮ˡ
ʵ˵İĺ⡢ٷ黭鱦Ʒס
⻹вƯİ裬滨ƿ塢縣ࡢ÷롢ϾӱͲȵȡ
ҲΪƽӣ̫öٺõĺһڣЩԲˡ
Сָ̫ǽ£վԭأ۾ҲҶ࿴
Ȼöණ͹ģôⱦĶѵһ۾ҲϹˡ
ﰵӣǧ
ŷҲǵ˷Ը֪ϾһС̫Ժſڡ
ſڷС̫Ҳߣôţ˫ֲӲſڣֻΪȵˣȥһ䣺ʲôʱŷҡ档
˻ظ֮С̫ظػȥˡ
ͷ˲ûã߷˱ʢһͽܡǰԺ鷿̫СŹˣ˵Ҳİ˼мƥѵõĲϣҪһЩװ
ӣû룬һȺԼΡ
˳ǲϡЩࡢӣۡɫѾˡ
Ͱ˰֡
ʵ붬װѾ˺üˣİٸһ컻ףƶ
СΪɫˡ
漸С̫඼ŵüˡ
ӣ
ȵСڷ񣬴߷֮ӣһӶѵýŶ岻ȥʹͣסԼİĻӸʢˡ
˵⣬ʧ⡣
ӣԺӣ̫ǽʹͲϡԱ߼檺˶
֪֮󣬼ɫȥˡ
ӣǳͺĻᣬͰʹĺöҲ˼˼ݡ
ΪүǰԺūŴ߷ҪӸǶһǸҲ֪˽ӣա
ʱ򣬸Ƕʹ͵ĺҲˡ
ӣҵϽʰһ¾͹ȥԺлˡ
һţͿรͦŴӣڸ׵λãں͸˵Žѵ顣
˼ƺҪҽӼλѹ
Ȼá
ĺǴĻðչĹǽѣҲ񸮰ŵĲ׵
ȻӲˡ
ӣһˣʵ¶ֻҪͷİ˵һ˵ǲรִҪˣҲûӡ
ϲ˾ܡ
˵Ҳȷˣһָʹ̬ĵ
ǰ̣ΪոսšһҪ衣
ԺʱҲǵóˡ
ӣôһԱȣµ˲ŻȻ򣬻عζʲôеó裿
еó裡
ƨѽ
รҲʶһģһУֶٴ˼ɫڲ顣

˸ԺɫѾˣһ¹֦ͷ
ӣһؾӴͿİֳϥϣ
ҲǸողŴӣûˡ
һūǲ֪˵ǸȥǶлˡ
ӣ۾һ̨ܹȥ
İˤţվӭ
Ȼһ֣Ͱˡ
ӣ촩һɫ֦װǵɫıߣһɫ֮Ҳ
İͷ䣬ͿС˶߸˵رסԼܻϲصΪүӹʱ䲻أ


110 Դ

İЦЦԼش˴꣬漴ſ֡
ıָԱһֻ͵ȥϣƺϲʡ
ӣתͷԱС̫ŵİģȥϸһĶ
ӹˡ
͵ӣǰӣִ˰ſԭһѡ
һװ
ӣ۾˲ˣ
İ׼ȥ
·Ϊ֤ʵ뷨һ㣬İЦشߴٵȥϰա
ӣѾݡ
һ߰һ߾ϲ̵صү۸񣬾ȻķӶóΪŮӣŶв㣬⸮ֲ񸣽ܰϷ̨ʲôġүø׹ÿЩ
ӣһ߸Цһ߾͹ԹԵؾ֣ӡ
ͷеĶﶯ˶ȻͲˡİӣֻҪʱ䣬ܡ
˵ǰҲںԺνƽ⡪ϲ˭˭Ժȥ
ʱҲûƵ
֮ǰ뾡ء
ʱѾӣѻˣְѷٸĳ˱ӣñӣȥϱ֬Ϳ֬һҴ󻧵Сӡ
ӣ
İ棬һתͷӣӾЦˡ
߹ȥ££죬ʵڳЩ˺һأ˼Ȧ
ʢҲװӵȺڸſڡ
ӣİ󣬵˸ſڣſվŵ̴һ㶣漴ϽͷܿĿ⡣
֪λİ缫谮ĸ˲Ҷ࿴
İһһһЩֹӣ
ˣİ纰һʢꤡ
ȥˡ
ʵϸ˵ӣҲûϾԽ֮밲кüΡ
ǶǸŸͲ˵ˣһ·ϣҲӶ࿴
װ磬ж֮Ϳˡ
ſڳϣҲûҶֻǴӷʱʱһ
Ϊһ䣬û뵽ϣİǣٵΪ˿ͣѾɫƯĻƹˣһʱ䣬¥¥£Ƽҵ̣Ӱ´£ʳǿĵЦڶ
ӣĿת
İԱߣЦžֳӣĺס
Ȼסе󣬽
ӣһͷöİ纬Цӡ
󡣡İһ˵һ߾ͰѴ׵ѹˡ
ûÿˣӣֻùԹԵڳǳСй㣬ӣһŰ˱ǣˣֵͷԼĽŽţߣİ磺ȥĶ
İЦЦְӣȥĶ
⵹ǰӣסˡ
תת飬ס°ͣЦذⷴ׸İ磺ү׼ȥĶ
İЦؽı˲صӣϲԣһȻ֪ˡ
ӣ˲͹һӣΪԼֻϲ˶ѡ
ÿγԵñһĺ«㣡
İЦЦЦӣı˰Σ¸Ժ
ּӣĹƤСñקק
ӣֻ֣Դñ
ЦţŤŤȥèţվ
İһ֣ͰԼͷҲ˵ôﺬЦ⣬Цؿ
ͣ
ӣİŷֲ֪Ѿһҹеĵط
ʱʵģ֪ǲΪ죬Ϧ쵽ԵʣҲࡣ
ۿȥ䣬ͯŮȸղϿĻҪ֡
ƽҹյ磬ҹȻȴв֪ţ֪Ůϵ㣬̵֬
İ紩һװȻѾǿ͵һȿ磬˫һֿĴСϱ̲ס࿴ۡ
еˣԶˣƵƵͷһ˽һߺͬ顣
ӣ촽Ȼе˵ζˡ
İתͷӣ΢ı飬͹Цˡ
ӣ£Ŭװµӣתͷȥ־Ȼ͸оһֻ˹ס֡
ӣһתͷͿİЦؿ
ϽһָָֻԼñӡ˼Լװ硣


111 

İһЦҲû˵ʲôӣߵһˮߡ
һǺӡ
ĻǺǻˮÿǺӶģҲͨģγ顢ݺύˮ
ӣûӦͿİѾ˺ӱߡ
ʱ򣬺΢΢岨һֻӲԶƮ˹İסӣ˴
źӵһֻԶȥʱ㵽һصľƼңͬŴϲһ㣬ƺ̣ŵƽʣȴһŵݻ
İҲ˵ӣֱ˴ϵðӣ̧ͷƣͿƼϷһңȴʲôҲûС
û࿴ƹѾæӭ˳ǸʮӣһĲˣǸζİǰգֻϹϾؽһĹӣֶʢͷЦк
ӣͿʢһ·ǰ·İס֣ȥˡ
ǾƼҲûʲôãֱӱһһֱӽ˼Ľ̸ָһ¥ݣİӣֱȥˡ
һֱϵ¥¥һˣǹΧİסӣ֣һֱߵٴλãӣ¿ŷʵҲû뷽ŵĴжԶֻǸһǺӣƻǧꡣ
վڴԱ¿ǲɵҲһЩİ˰֣Ƕȥˡ
ҹиˡ
ţղֻܿе֣ȴȫȴǵҹС
ӣ̧ͷԶȥͿԶ˳ţƽĮĮǾıԵ
ĺ«ҪȥĮĻҲҪߵİɣ
ӣһ˲䣬̲ס֣źָ䴩ָ
İߵߣӣĺף𣿡
ӣĵػͷССúѽ
ǴҲ̧ͷϿңңĿһϸƤСſڴϣɵض࿴˼ۡ
İ״ӣıӣͰקˡ
ǰȥϡ
ʱ˽һССż䣬ѾһڵĲ
Ĳȣ۾̶ȣȻܺ͹ﰢԼոϵĳȣҲһζ
һѩԲӣǽ÷۰ȣˮųСӣˮǹŴƷ
ӣһ߳ԣһ߾ϰԵֿʼÿӲŪţĥСƷô
СԲ£ڿϻشס
ӣŪţŪţֻСԲӾͺҪһ㣬ڵϻĹͣ
ӣʼռвסеˡ
Ұһ˫ӣȵؼסֻСԲӣŽ
һ̧ͷͿİЦؿԼü֮һƬᣬŨͬⴰҹɫһ㣬ֱ
ӣͷһ£ʱе޴ˡ
˿ӣ·Ϊһ㣬ССصһİ磬˵ʲôİȴס֣һֻк
ӣʶط֣Ӵ򿪣ͿһСС塣
ʹ󲿷岻ͬ״ӣϸĻ̵꣬ҲǷɫģӣȻȴҲóǼֵǵƷ
ɫ͸Ļ꣬ͺϴİʹһԷһģһ
ӣͷ˺ð죬öеˡ
̧ͷڶİ磺үǡ

ΪϵЩʹ;Ѿˣû뵽İ绹صظԼ׼һݡ
İЦû˵ִӺǿ壬漴Լߡ
ӣվܹȵؾ͵İǱߡ
İ£ļ΢΢һ½Ƕȣȥ
Ȼӣ;ò΢΢һİӣ׹ӵ塣
Χ״Ѿʢţһ¥
ӣͷԼǰ壬ǵЦȴôҲ̲ס
ĺܺÿһССӣǰ
İ翴ӣϲԼҲЦˣסӣļͳӣϲϲ
ӣҧ촽Ц
¥ûˣǶڶ¥¥֮䣬οż
ӣ۽ǵһ飬漴ŵӾʹǰȥסİļİ紽Ǳһ¡
һѵˮģСǡ
İȻһ˲ֱؿӣȻ֣סĺףˡ
ݺݵ
ǴûôԹᣬӶᡣ
Ū
ӣܵ߬ӡ


112 

˿ãǵͷԷΣгģȫİϵĳˮϢ
֪˶ãİŽƽ
΢΢̧ͷȵؿӣתͷһ˲ķ羰һתѾָ䡣
ֻ˫ӣڶӣʱԶᡣ
Դ֪ӣһôˣүЩġ
˶٣뵽幫ɵôǰҲ㣬ֻҪܳ͸˵ĸʲôƵġ
ӣĵҽᵽ幫Ŀ֣
ֱסİſͷǳҲûãһҪѽ
İЦס˶ͿӣСһԼŤŤȥ
һʢ
¥ϴ죬ʢݵľˣûððȻż䣬湪ʵү
İ磬Ƶɡ
ʢᣬ͵Ӧһתȥˡ
ӣԱúͿʱ¥˽ŲŲɣŵŮӡ
ɴؾͼŮӣһһӣһ˱á
˱ʢţżǰظİӣԱߵСͽӷˡ
Ů£ǱõŮתתᣬĨĨңͬ˵ͷ
һʱ̡ȴ˷·ڲݳݺɣůĽϡ
ӣԴӴԽڸΨһֻǱ˹ʱ򿴵Ϸ̨ӡ
ʱ˵٣Ȼˡ
ּһСԲӣһ߳һȴŮѾᣬתһףС
øˣĿתؿٵŮӡ
İԱߣ֣ͷβҲûǵһۣȴֻЦӯӯעӣĲ
ߣһˣŮӱú͵ӣվ
ӣ̲ס
İЦſ٩ӣô͵ģ
ôһ˵ǸӵĻ́ͷߴӵӣһָۣӣӡ
ӣĺ«ôһѣԼװ磬һʱ䱻İ缷ҵþȻ˵
İһЦ̧ʾôȥȥ͡
Цסӣ֣Сôʵģ
뵽Ǵѹ飬ȻмֿˣʢԱҲƴЦˡ
ӣİ˸ؾͰִ˳
ʱ򣬵ϸ棬һ
ӣһ棬ֻϺζĻζÿᲦˣȴһƬϺ⣬Ϻġ
ĥƻ֮£ֿ͸ŷɫЩסǽϺһ𣬲Ϻζ
һļģԹӣһѶҹߵĵӣ磬ֻǺİһԸ˼ҵС޳棬ȻֹֻƯĶƼ
Ȼӣɹˣˣߵ͸Ͳүһ㡣
صıոʱѾǺˣİȴҪǰԺ鷿ȥۡ
ӣΪʱ䣬һľ⣬˵ҪȥǰԺ鷿
ŷӦӲӲʱＷ˿գԼ˵ա
Ȼˣôпա
ӣԼԺүߵūųһСȵӣһͷˡ
ϽӭǰҪҹūŴŷˣأ
ӣĿ̱ˣҡҡͷ̺ϴ˸裬Ȼ󵹴˯ˡ

ҹĺ԰䰲รԺĲţ֨ѽһȻῪһ졣
СŮ÷ŵĳ
һֻССĴֲ
ǸøٽֽˣںԺϽġ
οรƤ£ҪˣŸԺ
÷ǵϴζɽҩ顣ʱรһźݺϡ
˵ʹޱȣȥһ߹ϻһƬһ£Ҳͽضɢˡ
÷ôҲû뵽һ֮±㲻ˡ
ʱ࣬ʱ٣ʱ첻ÿһʱ򡣶۵ȥ
һˮͰŮ£㲻մˮ÷ǲรԺĴʹѾߣҲû취¡
÷ֻ·ϣ˵ܼһЩʹࡣ
ĸϺһǰس˳ӡ
÷һˮͰˮһЩϡ
รʱͺˡ
ԴóԺ󣬲รԽꡪҲǴҶ֪¡
÷ֻϵù͸ɥ֮Ȯһ㣬βǽһȥˡ


113 ˭

뵽ร÷ĺ¡
ʶؾ塣
ܿģ˺԰Уһ֮÷￴˿òҵһɽ
ڼɽ£Ϳʼٽֽˡ
ٽҲ÷Լ
÷ǵãԼո븮ʱ򣬵һˣ͵͵ūŷһǿޡ
ٽ㣬ʱһڻο˺һֱΪЦԹԵĳ棬ٽ߿
ӴԺصظٽˡ
ʵ˵ôҲ׼ȷΪٽǲรߵŮҲԺĺˣ÷һʹСѾͷ̸ʲôأ
÷뵽ٴ飬ɵﷺỨ
ĨһĨᣬһƬžУнŲ
÷û
æҵĽˣ˲ûע⵽ֻߵɽһͣ
÷סԼ죬·һԷˡ
ʱһˡ
÷һʱһ˿ˣЩֵ˼ôʱ
һ÷кһ졣
Сӣ
ҹģʲô
÷СӵĽӴֻ֪̫࣬ǰŲ죬֪ʲôʱ𣬽ؾͳ˲รߵĺˣ۲รȥģƺҪСӡ
ʫ㡪˵ҲŬȡǰٽλãôôͲôһ
÷ʱ̲ס룺СǸŮĻรҲûʫʲôˡ
һʹСѾͷܿ˵รԺˡ
ʱ䣬СӵҲԺкǷ⡣
ֻСЦһϻ˵ʲôԸģ
ӣ
ָร
һȴǸŮӣ÷Ŷ죬ȴ벻Ķ
֮ȻǲรԺˡ
뵽ţСӿǾ䡰ӡ
÷
СӺŮӿеӣָĵ˭أ
Ůӵһڣӷˣ㻹ǵӣ
ٽȥ˵ͣҲˡ
÷񣬺ò׵ȵûˣվϽصԺȥȴϽմʪ̦һֳһ졣
Ů͵صͳʲôˣ
÷ԺһƬհף©һġû뵽˾Ȼûߣ
ʱԱ߲ݴббصͷɳһֻҹɡ
Ů͵һԶˡ
÷ڼɽ֮󣬵ãֱȷΧˣŶ˳

ǰһֹᱳʹڶ磬ӣһֱ˯Ͳۡ
һ˯ζûһ
֮ҲûæϴůıһϾѽ
Сһȳһյĵǰӣ棬ܼѵطż
ӣС⽵ȾۣǳСӦÿֵܡ
Сӣ˸ů͵ĵطſˡ
ܿ죬͵˹ףʢᡣ
ӣΪֹĴ磬Сɫʲô¡
Ǳ˴»˵ⳡ磬幫Ҳ
ͻˣ̬֮˭֪ڹ֮䣬幫ǻ谮Ů
ӣ֮࣬عζ幫һǵõİĬŻˡ
ߣǵ˼Ҳ˵

һƣ͵˴ʮ
ӣ룬Ÿรһ˱ո
İһ˹ģŮǵȵĵ֮ǰŽϽǡ
ΪϦϣʵۺͻʺڹţⲻʽĳϦ硣
ʽҹڰӵʱеġ
˵ʱҲͦ磬ϾӵʱͲˡ
ӣ䣬˺硪ҲİŸոʹ͵ģƷëƤȻûҫ˼İ͵ĶǶõġ
รվڸſڣʱ򣬾ӣб˺üۡ
ֻû
Ͻֲһ·ӣͿϦҹһʿһţŵƽʵϲ
ͰǬ幬ʼȴ˾޴ٵƣ̫ȴΪȱڵɵƣ׷Զ
һ·εΪ׳ۣ⻹ҵƣ«ƣķƣǵȾϽǣֻյҲ˵
ڵȵʵҶ¿ͷรͦŴӣʮּѡ
Ҳûа취
ӣλñȽϺֻĿ˻ƵĿһۣݿ˳һɾ֮Ͷ޲͸ŵϡ
ӣͷĵǴԽһΣĵͷۻò׵ȵˣسһ


114 Ϧ빬

֮˵˼䣬ôҲҪóԸúȾ⣬ǸϲӣǼ磬Ҿ͸óˡ
ӣԶ߾ͲټΧԴ϶ʥƵģ޲ðеĻζϡ
͸ˡ
ֻңңؼ̫źɫУϲ첽ǰڿǰ¾͵:үġ
ǹһҪʽ
ʰˡ
ϦĲ˵㻹ûƻϷȴȿʼˡ
ǰǧжɣڳ̫ƽ衷жԳŲʵƣƹǵ㣬ϺĹƣϽյ硣
ʱҹҲˡ
ӣΪĳϦһݻû뵽ǣĲ˵㶼ܽӵйƷ**Сġ¯ʳѼڰӡĵСԣϺ࣬ɻ㡢
ƷϱСˡ
һ߿Ϸһš
รԱߣ뵽ӣΪֹĴ磬Ҳǵһβμӡ
ʱͳ˱ӣʱʱӣһۣſأ
ӣȷȷʵʵǵһβμֹĴ硣
ôأֲɵӣպ«ưˡԱô೯͢ſҵĶóԳԣúȺȣ÷¿Ӿͷ¿ӡ
รһӣֹ̬󷽣ȫûеη͵ӡ
еȻջĿ⡣
ǱߣҲڲɫع۲ӣ
ȻЩԾˡӣİǰģΪӣҲǸСġ
ţȴǺм򶨵ġ
Ůһ㴩󣬺ܿһ
ӣڱոʵҲԹһĴͳģըʳ
ǱոҲɳζࡣ
ǹⰽȫһˣ
һڣ;ζ֣һҲ塣
óԼˡ
ӣʱͲϷˡ
ͷרĿһԶԶȴеһ˿ϤԼϡ
ӣʶ̧ͷͿңңｻ֮䣬İԼ
ﶼڲסᡣ
ڲԶ幫״Цžקקӡ
ȵʱİͽ˻ȥ
˵ĲʵϷڼϵǳϵĲʵӳȤһʱʣʤգ˼䡣
ӣʦڵϣȤζЦŵ»ɫƻǳãܺãطA
󰢸ˢؾվϻ̳Ͽ֣Цŵʰ꿴þˣǶӵĸˣ
ӣžˡϦĴϷɴ󰢸ﱸֵġ
ʦƺ鼫ãΧͬҲ̸˵Ц
ӣۿȥͼ˵֮⣬мλȻ͵ģҲ**ˡ
̫ԱߣĬĬضƱһ
ߣ֮ΪʱϽƱ΢ЦžͶ̫Ӿһơ
ΧŮڣһңȻˣȻͿ幫ӣƲֵſϣŮÿӼֱǰĵ
幫ҡҡͷ
ֵС壬
幫͹ȥˡ
Цſ幫۰صʰһˣô⹬գСθ𣿡
幫΢΢죬ֱסӣصʰ꣬ҲĲãֻ죬ˡ
ЦСôĿ
幫ҲЦó裬ڹǵӴģڿǰҲʲô˵ʲôԸֱ̹ϡ
ʰϲһ㡣
Цŵ˵ˡ˵˭ļҵĳӣ
ţ͹ֻ幫ȥĸ׸ϣ˱˼ҳաúθڣŻôһп
Ůϲ͸Ҫ˹
幫û˵һ£תתӣ
ӣӴ۹⣬ͷʱһ¡ɱCUEҰ
CUEң
幫û˵˭֪ȻԱߣЦž͵С˵ˣ֪
幫Цӣ漴ͷȥڿ˵˼仰
ӣİͶȥȵĿ⣬ȴѾˡ
ܹ̫ģϳ֣˵ıոϵĸ
รЩסˣתͷӣͶĿ⡣
Ѿӣ֪ԼȥҲˡ
ֻӲͷƤվҺԭԺﱾǼ䣬ټϽμӳϦ֮ǰصذѽ˶£ϸϸĽǰ˵ǡ
ӣҲûôʧǡ
ǰȥ¸֮󣬱ΧͶԼϡ
Щɣǵߡ
ʮʱȴӣֻתͷİһۡ


115 ĵĸ

İԱߣһֱӣϾûƿ
ӣһ˲ֿһ幫ЦŵС˵պȣй֮޲
Цӣȴܡ
Ͻ˸ͷشػϵĻ幫̧ūųϻ̳Ͽ֣ūᲢۣǡɶ幫θڰˡ
žЦЦĵǰϺ͹Ҳ˼꣬СŮҰԵĶ޷ǱЩġ
⻰Ҳû
ֵ㲻ǫСĿζСǳĵꡪ޲ڵˣնȻһ㡣
幫Աߣקקӣͷͳ念Цˡ
˶٣ӣ棬̬ׯź˳ۡ
˳˼ӣ
ӣһһԭļ鹶ˣȻţȻڳ࣬ʣ̬Ȳ
У¶˼֮ɫ鹣ǰ⺢ӣǽ꿪ʱ򣬸İָŮ
ĵĸ
ԱŲİ縣ร
ղſӣͷǻЩ΢ļʣӣļɵһ¶Խ֮ɫ
һǳɫĵ֦װڿԱߣЦתͷİһۣȻ䲻۵ģϲ񼸾仰Ų
Ա߼ɶͷЦ
İ籾ΪҲôһ仰˭֪Ȼδ˵˵ţ赭дᵽǰӣร빬岻顣
˼ǣİ̫񣬿รУȴΪ¶ѻ͹ǰ¶˳
ʱ͹ǰ·ĹҲˡ
˵̫¶ǣǺģʲôһʱ۹ⶼรӣϡ
Ҳ˸󵨵ĸǶ
ĸ϶ʱѿˡ
΢ʱ򣬻ԱߣȻЦžǰ˸תͷЦŵαŻʵӣ
أǻʳĸڹеλһ㣬ʱѵõؿ˿ڣ΢΢һ£漴ЦЦ۲ת֮䣬Ҳͱ졣
Һÿղѹûע⼸䡣
ЦŻӻ֣ʾӣȥˣ
ȵӣ»صλϣŸоĳһ㱡亹
Ҳûö٣һ˿־Ȼͣðһ͵ӣǰĵ
֭Աߵϡ

ȵеʽ֮ӣϽǻ˱ոѾ賿ˡ
ǿʮĴһ
İֱǰԺ鷿ķȥˡ
İǣ˭ԺӣҲ޵˼
ǶҲȥ
վԭһ˲תɵطԸҸԻؾӴʹͣūǵڶ
ӣվ·ߣȹ˸ȥȻԼСԺӡ
̤ԼСԺŵһ˲䣬ͷ֣ԼûôƬСأ
ȥϽôһ⣬ӣź֪ǲǺ󹬣ǲϽǡ
ĻӸԺʵһֱİ绤
궼ˡ
ʵ컹£ӻеۣʱžöˡ
ӣöȻöһֻգ˵ӣͿʼǽײ̡
ѪѪرʺŮڴڼԣҽ֭ճůá
öѡһϽȥƤֽһɽأӣָ£һ޲һ㼷֭
ʵţ鵹˹УַŽһЩǣӣԱ߿ţ･ðСݣţһҪڵӣöϽţ̳ղŵĽ֭
һӸסһ㹦
⵱ӣ˳־ͰѶţֱϲ˲
ţ׵ģҿƤǰڼʳʱҲͿĤȻŴһףʼ³
һʳʱ䣬ҲԸԼһֲ
öԱĬĬţӣΪʲôţͿϣ
ӣˡ
÷֮ö˼ص˵ͷ
ô˵˼仰Ǳ߽֭ײ̾Ѿˣӣ򿪸ӣűһЩǹ𻨣ӲӵĹһںǽײ̵ı棬΢΢š
öϴĸɸɾСӣ͸ӣ

ԺŴŮ棬Žӹʹ͸ıոƷ嵥
ţͽ
ڹʱԱߣǿӣǰȥػϵĻİһźۡ
һί;š
ǡı͸Ӳˣ
תȦ뵽İ飬ȴɵسһ㺹


116 Գ

Ѿӣλǲรضոѹ֮ӡ
Ҳһֱעϡ
ֻͷûѹȥһͷˡ
ǧͷ

รոջصԼԺˤ˶Ƣ
ǸСޣܽڷ𣬾ŵ̧Ĩᣬ۴ޡ
รˣѶ񱧳ȥˡ
תǶԹһͨ漴ֳһϸϸ˵ͶԿʫƼǼûУ
ʫԱû˵
֪รԭ򡪡Ǽ岻һǼѵõƤëİŵá
֮ǰรҲİ˵Ҫ
İû
û뵽Ѿϳˡ
һƵӡȻİĺöˣһ
ֲรա
ʫôţС˲յЦŵร뿪Щ
ȻҪݸรȴһˡ
Ȱ뿪㡱ϵ飬ǡ뿪㡱ܽ
ôף
ʫ˵ʲôรֻȥ
ʫֻôͷɥسȥˡ
ร˰Σ֨߹һΪǿʫֽˣתͷ㡭
˵һ룬ͣ
Сӡ
Сһֻֻ̣յรǰͿ£ֵ᣺ӡ
รֳԴҳԲ¶
СӵЦЦһ˿˼ⲻǳʳ
รߣɨһۣͿ˼ֻյ
ǿյġ
С΢΢ͷĿתضĿдǰûйķ󵨡
ร鲻ãЩյรģร˱ǡ
ร˰Σһֻյҧҧ촽СӺݺݵ˹ȥ
Сӹԭأ㲻ֻյòգͷײ˸飬ʻһѪۡ
รûý˼ֻҹȥ
СӹǶƺ˼ȫôӲˡ
һֻյƬรָ⣬üͷ΢壬СӼ״ϥйȥɷ˵ร֣͵ԼߣСĵغһ
รһʶؾͽһŭūţ
ˣСӹִסร֣һգգضรƽ˳ȴ·˸Ƶġ
รʹ˳̵Ҳ鲻
СͳеĸɾӣأһؽรָѪɾˡ˫ּĦ֮䣬รɴۣһʱ侹Ȼ˵
ۿСӽսร
Ǹѹȵƣϱ̧ͷȴСв١
ؿһһֵصӣҪĥԸˣūźۡ
ร˵ʱȵϢϡ

Сһ̧ͷһԺӵūŶսսԺš
̧֣Ŵһ˻ӡ
̫ǰϻѪ¹֮£Ե÷ɲɵѿڵӸ磡
СԼգ£รҲܣֻҪòรܻǴҺúõġһƤˣʲôأ
ʫЦһ䣬һתͷȴԱ߼СŮĬĬصͷȦˡ

ǰ鷿İλϣĿ񣬺ʢż
ۣ뵽칬һ
İ뵽΢΢ֹ̧ۣסʢĶҲû˵ʲô˸Լ·׼ơ
Ȼ˵ҪȥСԺǡ
ӣǱߣû˯úǽײ̡Ϊո̣Ͼڵġ
׼ӡ
ΪǴһҹҷۼİǰ鷿ȥģӣѹû뵽
涯ΪǸڵ񣬻θ֮Ĺˡ
ȥͿİˣôһĺ
ӣһֱӣһֶźǽײ̣˵һӾС˹ȥ
İڽײɨһɨֿӣ˸ӣüͷһ塣
һӦǣǲ̿𲻹
Ҳ԰ůڵģˡ
˵ˣʢ裬̿ĶҲٲСԺ
ӣϻƽЬİȥס֣˵£ӣӡ
Լϲ˶ڻĺڶߡ
İһӾеԳˡ


117 ̫ҽ

İӣһֱӱڶϣôˣ
ӣСĸ˵ˡ
ֻʹʣһλͦ۵ġƾǽһڵġ
˵еĳ͢нμӴ䣬úӶˡ
ӣھʵˡ
İĻͰֺϸذŶӡ
Ĵůôһ࣬ӣʱñӺöˡ
ϵĲʣһ⣬ӣ;һӿ΢΢۾
İû˵§ӣתڴƽָ˱ӡ
ڴͷڱӣĶӣʹ
ȻһСģӣϵ⡣
ӣһӾ͵
˹һֻϺס
İϲûûεɵ
ҲЦˡ
ܿ죬İϵЦֵˣӣ˼һ֣ڵƻֱؿӣڹ²£
ӣ֪˵ڿʦǰػ
ס۾˵ͷ̾һʵʵһ֣¡
תȥİ߿İĶۣԼҲ˴§ڻĴĺ󱳡
ԺҪĳϿ»࣬£ү㡣۽ޣһһֵص
ӣסԹԵĵ˵ͷȴģģӹİ緽Ǿ仰Ժĳϻࡣ
İᣬӣĺ󱳣˯ɡ

һѹİѾˡ
Ȼһ˿ⲻ˵ʧ䣬ҲѾϰˡ
ȻΪӣİʵƽʱҪæµ
û뵽ǣʱʢһλ̫ҽˡ
λ̫ҽǴӸģʢ˵İ絣ĸæµ͹飬̫̫ҽƣѸƽһ
ô˵ʢ̫ҽﶼƵġʲôƽİҪԼ̫ܳҽ
ӣʼɵģΪԼռ˸Ĺ⣬һ̫ҽϻ̳Ͽ֣ʢԱ־ְ׹
̫ҽƹ֮󣬿˷ӡ
ŮʹͺһҲʲôҪĴ󲡣Ҫ
ܿ죬üӶˣ̫ҽԱߵҽͽ˵һҽͽȥūҩ
Աˣ̫ҽӣ˵İҪ񿪼ҩѪ
̫ҽӣϵҩﵹģģģе׹
öߵһߣᳶ˳ӣ㣬ү˼ǲø㻳Ϻѽ

뿪Ժӣʢ̫ҽȥİǰԺ鷿ػ
ʮҲ
ĸ¼ϣԺյĳֻŮˣ빬ԺҲܳ裬ʮ
ʮʮ幫
ʮ幫ʱ¼ѲҹòײŰѺҲΪˣӣ÷̿㲻ǰóˡ
ó裬Ҳ˸ҩӣҪÿնôĲҩ
ʵϽҲֹһӹҲã˿ڹߡ
ǶΪʢ費˥
¼Ȼܺˡ
ҲˣʮСڰܵһЩ޵ĺӡ
ҲΪЩԭ˵Ǻӵͣʮȴ;Ű磬ʮ磬ʮİǲһһֳš
İһ˵ʵȥʮİֵ
̫ҽһȥ¿ͷҪ˵תͷʮҲڣæתֿͷ
ʮЦžվİĸ磬æһȥɡ
طG쵹û˼кͷʢͳȥˣ̫ҽʮȥˣŰѺԺλӵ˵һ顣
ӻӡûʲôë˼ǹȣķѵ񣬾ôòĵţʵҩҲ˲٣Ĳҽ
รǶרŵҽŵģҲˡ
񡭡
̫ҽ˵ͿİղŻֻţһᵽеۣ΢΢ǰȻɫȻȴһרעӡ
̫ҽϸϸӣ˵һ顣
İһӣӲֻǳ飬ʱϾֳЦˡ
̫ҽҲǵһνıոһֱ֪λʺİ磬Į࣬ϲŭɫ
£׻УУѾ¶εЦ⡣
ɼж໶ϲˡ
ȵͣС̫ҽ̫ҽ̲סͲ˲ͷϵĺеڷŸҩϣмζǲǻϺ͸һصģ
СЦеİˡ


118 ܲ

ת֮䣬Ѿʮ죬ۿžҪʮˡ
ʮ죬İһҲɣȴһҪۡ
ӿʮһ꿪ʼÿҪϽھᣬд󳼺ⷪ
ǴⷪʱʹںͻǶμӣģᣬһоһ졣
һ磬˾Ҫź֣Լõıռ󳼵ϯλ
ȵȫźãǲϯǴ󳼺ͻǸʵ۾衢Ƶȵȡ
İӦЩ棬ӣںԺҲûš
߻˵ǿȰʳĸвס
öһ죬ʢһľ͹֪ͨ˵İʱˣЩ͹ӣ
ӣ߸˵ؿʢ֮󣬾Ϳʼĥܲ˿ըܲˡ
һڹȻϯô࣬İ϶Դɽ亣ζˡ
ôŪ嵭ССˣʲôģϸζĽϣּҳܰ
õĺܣ
˶رӵϳ۾֮ܲܲΪӣ֣İرϲܲ
ĺ«Ȼϲ˵һԷĴԽԽ࣬ӣͽֻ֡ҪܲģİǻදЩӣҾܲĵط¿ꡣ
ⲻϲʲô
׼ܲޣĺ«ԡ
öСӺСȥŷʳġ
ʱ򣬲ÿڶܲΪ˱֤ܳԵѡܲ洢ڵؽѡ
ŷҲ񸮷ܲ
ʿûöˣǰһȻŽ֡öĸƺһЩһϵȴǰһ㣬Ե۾ˣʱ򣬾۾ǳ
üеתȥָ߬ýġ
Դӣó裬ԺūţĶŵĶЦöҲϰʿԼչˣֻС翴ԼǸūţԷ
ܹȥͶʿǸĲҪҪܲҪϺõܲˮ֣һҧȥԴ𣡡
˵һôˬɰʿžЦˣһ֣һߵˣձвϺõİܲ
˵˿ⷿöͼǽһһſܲˣࡣ
ԱߵС̫ö֪ԺŮּʿæеǰȥҪѡȴ类ʿסˡ
ʿ˸ӣ־Ͱöܲװˡ
߰˰װ֮ʿӳҲûöֱ֣ӽСӡ
ټţöСӺСӣض顣
صСԺӣѾˡ
ڵװԽ³رΧȹñ֮⣬廨ףֱ֣Ա֤ᱻ͹ըˡ
ִ֮ܲ࣬ȫӣô壬ȻӣΪը֮󣬲λ
öŰѰܲϴɾȥͷβݸӣ
ӣüϸĵѰܲг˿ȻΣܲˮټС
ˮֵܲϼͣ飬һ͡Ϊ˿ڸи嵭סܲ㡣
ӣȫ֮󣬵һЩѾ׼õͷм
ȻټۺͻƶۣٴνȣȵܲŲɢͿֱ֣ųһһСӡ
ӵĲ費ѣöԱ߰Ŵ֡
ӣôûųȵСӡ
öܿϤҪӣһɰذڰϡ
Ȼӣˡ
ըܲҪСըͷ̫󣬿ܻƤѾըˣоӻġ
һϸĵը֮ӣɰֻ̳ܲͣһƤִ֪࣬Ϊʲôըζ
ںͮͮһ㣬Ȼǩһ£ըܲӾʹ󹦸ˡ
⻹ʽϾܲҪճźóԣİỹû
һӣӵ˳£С⽺öͬʱ˹
С⽼ѵ̧̧Լȣӣ˿
ӣһˣְС⽱ԼӺ棬˳־͸һܲӡ
ȻתͷҲöһ
һܲ˿͸ˡ
ղըܲõܲ˿ڰϡ
ӣֱӲһֻϼУϺƤۣۣȣɺȻֱ͹һһ壬嵽ƾͿˡ
Һһ¡һκ۷ŶˣöǶԸռĵģԱ߸ԳԣڵȥȵӦѾֱ


119 С

İʱʢ֪ͨĻһЩ
ӣˣ߸˵ľȥ׼ˡ
İ䡣
ӣǿǵϸģʱתͷүҪҪȳԵӣ
ﻹֳɵĸ
İ絹˵ã뵽αعһָԼ³⣿
ǵһȵĺá
οܲζ
İﵭɨһ˲漴ջˣֻ赭дصըӣ
ӣһŹСܲӣһ߸߸˵Ļشүȫصģܲըˣ
İЦЦӣĺף޳ָ΢΢ϸĲӣսˣ΢΢ᡣ
ӣЦһԱ߶㣬һ߾͵ү֣
İ翴ӣЦĸˣЩĽСŮҲСŮӵĺôլԺŻţֻҪֹСӾС
ԵĲ˵ڹ缸죬پƱٵļ򶼽ˡ
ܲըըĹͣװڵӣǩɴȻİ磺үմϽ
һ˵һöͰˡ
İ绹û֣ͿӣΧȹûժתȥܲ˿ˡ
ʱЩСڹһŴ
Ҳգһ㡣
ӣŴ͹ȥİһЦˣӣҪүĮȥ𣿡
ӣЦҲǲ԰
Ȼ뵽˴ǰǸЦ˵иȢ˸رţһҪȥ죬˸رıŲϣ˾͵ͷԱ
˻ʱ򣬼ҴһţŻǶˡΪֻ͵ǼڣȻΪԸȥѱתһ¡
ӣЦ͵ͷЦˡ
İ翴̫ûÿӣϴֵģֱˡ
˺һӣ
ܲ˿ɫ󵭻ƣִ࣬ҧһڣ㡣
İ粻֪ץŴԵˡ
Ȼըܲӡǲôģκζʵ̫ãؽθڴˡ
ʢԱкūǣ׼ֽӣһӲȻͿڶ棬ҲûԸŮѾԼʢˡ
Ǻ࣬˴⣬ϺܲඹСУˣ
Ϻ۷۵ģͱ̵һڰие㳱ɰ˼
ӣʢˣʢʶȥӡΪǸİġ
˭֪ӣ߸˵ĵͷͳˡ
ʢ鴤һ¡
ȻӿǣһС뺣꣬İȻĵĸʢһ롣
İʢģ
ԱСҲɵˡ
İӣĺףֵ᣺úóԡ
һӣذԴ󿿣ҡͷβ
İЦסļ
ʢɨһΧˣ۾˶ϳȥˣԸҲȥ
Сں棬üọ̈΢΢Աһб
СһƳۿԱһֱŵСѾͷ˳־Ͱ̷һ¡
öҧ촽ͨ죺ллӸ磡
СԼ֣ǰ㲻ȡүǰԺߵˣʢͽܣԺ˭ʶ
Ҳû۳һöֱ˦ӸʢԺȥˡ
öվס˽ţ̧ͷĬĬؿСӵıӰ
ӣİţݡ
һԵʮ⡪İ籾ϲܲģټһ嵭࣬ˡ
£һ߰С̫鶼򿪣һӣ֣ʱʱţ͵ǡ
ӣŨŨܲ˿ζֱһСƵġ
Цѿڶ͸ܲ˿Ƶģ
³ôһ仰ӣһӾЦˡ
漴뵽˷ϿЦǾ䡰ܲ˿үĮ
һ¾͵ˡ
ӣĬĬֳſֱۣӺӵסİϡ
İ۾ϣûתͷֻһȥŰӱ˳ṿסôˣ
ӣǲ˵ֻǰ°ʹİļϣֱסĸ첲ͷԴﰤһ
ίί
İ΢΢ЦЦͷһǣ漴˳Сɵı΢΢£䵽촽°͡
ӣԾļ֣̌§סĲӣ̧ͷػӦ
İĺء
е飬䣬ȴȻͣסˡ
ӣĺ󱳣ӿһ˲ֳֵӣԣүڹ̫ˡ
ӣ˼ӣۿɼٶȺ
Ǹ˼


120 ˭ȥ

ϴ֮˯ڱ
ӣǴԽǰǴԽ󣬶ЩηⶬϴӴв£Ǳġ
İһͰһˮϽ˹ȥ
İͷ
ˣ˺һӣһֱۿŻ۾һϡ
˯ˡ
ʱ
һյƣȻž˳ȥ
Ҳ˯İǾ͵ȫֵҹֹҪʲôڽлǡ
ҹ缫䣬վŰ˫ֲԭض˶š
öˣ߹ĬĬضߡ
ﱾΪֻԼȡȡůϾҰһҲůһЩ
һŷ֣öԼ壬סŷﴵķ硣
ɵӣ
öĶͰϵһˡ

Ԫһ˵Ӧ࣬Ͼջûɢȥ
ĮľȴԽˡ
һǸ밲ӣһ磬öźӣϴװţӣţ׼ȥԺ
ԺӣûأͿ˻Ѿȫˡ
Ͼ˶ϲƽ봩صθҲѵõĴһĵĶɳɫװϹǺĺɫġ
е˷ɫ˼֡
ӣǰֻθͿĳ࣬ˣͷҲǸ۲۵ˡչǼıոѰٻ˼ңӦǵҵһλĸ
һŮǰȲ趼ˣų
л˼Ժ󣬾ֱ⣬İҪȥĮ˵һ¡
һʱ˶ˡ
ӣĬĬع۲һΧ˵ı飬֪¶İĵȷȷֻһ˵
յ͵ߣһڣŵҲȣԺǰϢȻĲͨ˵ǿȥʵҲǿһĮ֮ѾүʰˣֻδܵȵҪȥˡ
˵˶ٲŵҹ£ӮսԿ࣬ˡĵģҲɻȥú룬ôүǡ
⻰˵꣬Աรķһۡ
รһɥλϡ
Ȼˡ
ղİҪ飬ร˶ɵˡ
̫ҽ˵ˣ໹һ£ضҪˡ飬İȴھҲۿԼΪӵࡣ
ôȵԼӵʱҪôأ
รϵɫ۵ףЦЦ豭ֵȴίˡڼүȴߣҪģѾү˵ˣʱ빬̫ҽţȻ£ֻܷſģóԸúȣúӲǡ
รֻЦ
ӣҲѾֲ֣ȻÿȴҲֻţһʱ䲻ȥֻǳסǣվ
һ밲һҪźž
ﻹڸԴС̣һʶҲվҪ׼ˣϸȻվԱߵϿһۣЦŵм¶үһ˵£һ꣬˵ūźţϾûŮ˸ţǲУ⼸죬ѡǵö
⻰һʱѻȸ
ͼ檶̧ͷ
θ΢죬¶һ˿ȷ̽
ӣรб棬ͿָŶӣǹһ˿ЦȻббпϵƣȴͦ
۹⻺ɨˡ
һĭ󵨵ؾӭรĿ⡣
Ŀﶼڴ

ûɵӣҶ֪ղŸҲ˵ˣİһȥ򼸸£ܽһꡣ
รǴӣȥˡ
˵รݣһҲȥ
һֲ¶ڸǵͷϡ
ôʱ䣬˭̵ѡ˭͵ڶռİ硣
ʱ䣬İĺӵĿҲǼġ
Ȼû˵˵ߺĬı͵͵ӣ
˵Ĳİ
ó裬ȥĿġ
˵ߣ̲ס˿ɬƣһﶼӦӦĮİ⡣
о˷ĸߣӣԭأ΢΢ͷ˷·һ
ĬĬ²ۣеԸ⡣
˵˼άѵȶİȻǰųڷ
ôʲô˼
һ˵ûūٶҲūţİȥôʱ䣬ôûиŮź
뵽һ㣬ӣȻͳһ¡


121 ƹ

ѡܿüĿ˭Ҳû뵽İȻľһҲû
ﰵһ·һʯͷ˵ءǰֻ𣺡ϣүȥƽ˳չ
Ȼ˶ڸոչʹּӳ
һξ飬İƹӪֱƹ죬Ӫ
İôᣬѾƹһıһʱҲ˷˵İ˻ϵĿء
Ȼ⻰ԽԽĸЩƮˡ
ӣĬĬЩΪʱ磬һľӶտǸ־սûиʮ꣬ʮ꣬Ϳ֡
İǱߣίΣƹӪ֮ԸҲܸˣ̾ӪȥӲ졣
ʿǵĲϸǵرĵľǻӪһ졣
ʮ³뿪Ͻǡ
װ嵶켸λ߳ţڴŵľУ񲿹ԱŴߵļ
ȵɣ̫ӹŷƣԤף
ʥݺƺƵ̤֮;
һγ··пͳ˧Ķ·غͷ졣
İߺĵڶ죬รںԺ﷢ˡ
ͽ˸סµģµľรǰû뵽һรûǰͺˡ
һһϡ
Ǳߣױ̨ǰüأոջһߣСӾ˹Ĩصĺ˵ร۵ҪҪˡ
ĵλǻӣ¾һ죬Ҳүڵʱ
һºˣİ˾ǣҲʼˡ
һߺȥﱨţ̫ҽһ߾ûޢȴżֹȥ
һžӣӴݵؽüëã
รԺҳһࡣ
ӲʱҲûʲôӣοǵڶ̥ˣΧʶܾû⡣
Ȼǡû⡱ӡ
һ·ϹȥСӴſǻŻŵԱֱ£˵ร۵ֱӶѹסһʹ
е㲻ΪȻȻԼûӣҲӡ
ĸŮܲʹģָ˵
ǵรԺſڣһֻŸո̧ûȥͱһ˺ѷεĲҽŵһ£Ӳջ˽š
ҲˣҲˣ洫รĿ޺
վԭأһʱûҽȥ
߸ղȹȥĻޢŽӭ˳
Ѿǽѣֳ棬Ųæȸ˸΢Цϲ⸮ҪһλС˺նˣ
ϲƨֲǴϵĶޣ
ǿװȵӣʽѣร״û¶ɣ
̾˿ͷһ۲ŵظĻӸ󣬲รһأֻҪЩͷˣ
ˣЩˡ
ղŹ·ϣһ˲ôͷร͸ñúЩĥźã
̫˳Ǳ
ɸҲֻôѡรĳʲôӣôİ罻
Ͻģȥ˴һ˹תͷͶūŷԸ
ʵรӣҪǿѣν̫ҽԶʵá
̫ҽﰲЩˡ
Ȼ̫ҽʱรѾιȥˡ
รǱԺӣԶʲô
θ񣬾รԱߣһ͸Ͻˡ
ûҴϴźӡ
θҪ밲Ϳ̫ҽǶػɫ̫õӡ
ҩţȻһӣýѿӦΡ̫ҽüͷ˵
θһ֪鷳ˡรһֻ̥ǶҪֻ̤Źˡ
ǿͻȥˡ
รǼЪԵĹǺһֱӡԺԷʱ򶼸лƵġ
ͷƤڷ顣
극Ĳٹȥˡ
θԸҲŶӣȴݣͿร̱ڴϣһ׵ĸһҹ￴׼ˡ
θǰȥ˲
ԱߵĽѿθĴ磬֪ǺԺӣϽҲû˵ʲô
รҲˣιźҩ֮۵һ߰ͷͷײһ߾ץθĸ첲أ
θ־ЩɢˣϽʹ˰Ѷ񺰽
ʫһ˵ֻ²ǶģϹء
θ۾ҲƽʱôˣɫľȥѶ


122 ؾ

֮󣬿รӣſڴͷͳʵĿˡ
ȻСȴҲģģˣ֪ǲˣھһرʹ࣬رѵ¡
θļ͵񣬿캰
ֽŲõ˴ָ첲§סรĲӣСһ𣬾ֱʣ
һร۾ͺ˹⣬Ҳղôɢˣǽ£˽㡣
æҵһͷˮˮ
ŮǽøҲ²ױĥĥعˡ
һС̫Ժţûɲסţһһͷײ˸ϡ
һֱ˵ڶİһҹ֮รڰѺ
ǸС硣
̫ҽͽѹڸǰʱ˶ûҴ˵
һɫˡʲôʲô
İĵһӣڻร
С羫񲻴ã֮ģҲޣСèƵģ˵Ϊʱ
һ߰ڹﱨϲţһ߾İˡ
дŵʱɬ˵˲ôνĳӣһรкҲĵոѿˡ
รڴһ£
֮˾Ϳ·̵ܶʱڣӡۿҲˣҲˣͷҲϡˡ
СİͰѪġ
µʱ򣬿·ڵ˸ռıԵ
ոյӪ漴ٿ˻飬۶Ըľս롣
ȵǶ˵ˣ˰ǰ͵˵Ըʱǰ棬
ǰ˵ĿԱ߼ǾͶЩͿˡϰܳסģҪҲʱȡ
ôͻȻð˳ҲסģҪȥǰأ
İԱֻǲ˵ȴҲˡ˰粻ʢֻӭϻʰ⡣
ʰ֮ľԽʾϡ
ⳡ飬벻Ľһ޷ǵܴ˭˵ʰˡ
ϰ˻ֻ˵һ롣
оܣյž
İվ͹ֵʰ꣬Ϊ·һ·ǰУƿ³׺ӱߣʣ죬ҴʾԸʹ֮·֮ٱ˴˺Ӧһټ𡣡

ӹ÷ɿ죬תۼѾӶ쵽˴졣
ĮĺϢϴµʱ򣬴ƽ󣬷·Ī࣬ն˼ʤս
İǰȥӦ·Ҳһ·Ϣϡ


ۿŴһӣԺĶС˵أַáӣöȥŷҪ˲ӣСӴСӺСӺú
һʱԺдУ۶ɫСڲ˵ߺش
һԴ
īۿʼСܡƺǲС⽵ȣҪ
͹ȥС׷īƨɺܵ龰ߵˡ
ĮǱߣȾƽȶ֮İӴҲรĴ󰢸֣S
ֵ˼չ⡣
Ҳǳϵ˼
ϧ󰢸ʱ𣬾͸һֱַ
ʱȴ񻹲
รһĶˣӾͿճ˴󰢸ϣյŸ̫ҽػصĵҩӣҲûҺԺ˵鷳ˡ
ңİһȥĮĸŮ˶û
νѶûҲƽˡ
һʱ䣬ԺƽˮȻĶе¾õ˼ˡ
֮ǰİʹ͸ӣӣ辰ԽԽߣʱ򣬻꣬һɫѩһ
ӣžЩͿˡ˵辰ǲ
ҪǰٶȥƵȲİӣӦÿֱԺˡ
İţ˸ÿζᵥиӣġ
ӣ߸˵ſÿο궼۸ΪÿһҪϰ졣
Һİ˵Ļд˴׻Ҳ˵̫ţų
˵Ӻ峯ʵдõģׯйǣֲʧƮǷƺΰеȺ۵ơ
ӣֱž͵ˡ
Ȼʱһȥ밲ȥһЩͿˣһϲ·Ҫʲô˵Ĵһ
ӣһӾͲµˣ
Ȼž˵ոմ˵Ѿ·ؾǵ·ˡ


123 үط

ӣͷӦˡ··
İ·
֪Ѿʱûˡ
ȻǿţҲó֪Ϣܼˡ
รЦݣʱʱؾ۾ԱߵĺS
үһأ
Sڱ֮ǰúöˡԭ͸èƵģ㽥һ㡣
รֳ֣ʾѺSݹԼ
رס˻ĶӣͬסԼĹѫ
ٹ⡣

ϢȻǱİļ죬û죬İŲ٣˵ѾŴʦسˣ·ϣҪһ²ܻصǡ
˶׼˿ʼעش磬˿ʼʰͥԺ
ǱҲûš
ǲܳ衣
ΪޣҲǿһ衱ֲվȽŸġ
ܰոİ粻ڵʱãǣΪѾúܺˡ
ʮֵľ񡪡˰İǰԺ鷿ȫˣԺ»Ļľήˣʾʲôľѡġ
ԺɨôһȾ
ڴҶڵȴİʱϢֱˡ
ʵ·ʵѾ뾩ǲԶˣΪսݣӱʮӣҲ֯һ·鼫ãİҪȥݰĸТׯĻʺ󲩶üϡ
ТׯĻʺۣڿеĵλͬһ㣬İ⻰һʥĴá
ڱİһƬТģʱƵȥ񻯣ߵݣТׯ̫֮飬˵˴δսʤ֮¡
˼֮Ҳ˸ˡ
ٻؾǡ
ôһ飬ȵʥݻصǵʱҲǰѮˡ
ӣϢֿİţ͵⿵ʦǻʱ䡪ѡѽǰԲԲ

ô룬Ҳˣ˸߸˵ںԺﵽ﹬ơ
ڵǰһ죬ڻؾˡ
͢ٶǰȥӭʥݣ֣ϣׯֻڡ
ڱոſڵ˰Σûȵİ硣
һ˵֪ݰһһˣʱİͷˣĹԱ
ĹԱк̨ģ̨С
¶һͼӴף䵽˿ǰ
Ǻεˣʣǵų棬Ȳ᲻ص˼İδڼ̫꣬СҪ
Ȼνġİල޸ݰḶ́ȵٻؾǡ
ȻϿţǰİˣʵϣܰТׯ̫֮иİ磬˶óүǸİˡ
ڱոſڵһ죬Ӷ촩ˣ͵ȵôһϢȻʮʧ
ƫƫү˼ܶ౧Թʲô
Ժдһѵӣūӳţȥȥһѽ𣬻ͰүǰԺ鷿ľָһ顣
ޢԱ߿ţ֪ﲻʹˡ

µ׵ʱһϣӣСϴ裬ոְСëɣԺˣ֪ͨȥԺ
˻ֹǰһλȥ֪ͨסԱߵˡ
˶һͷˮ֪ϵİ˽йȥǳʲôӡ
Ÿ鲻ѣƽ밲ǹһ͸Щˡ
ĥĥط˶ӣ桪ǰȥ̽ء
ӣ˸ԺͿ̫ŮǸϲԺµĳرߡ
һݾ͵ס˽Ų
վһˡ
һ糾͵ˡ
˱ֶһɫľװ
תͷӢͦڹ°밵
ӣǳǳЦδɢ
һϤİİϤЦݡ
ӣȻͷ֡Ȼֻǰʱûİϵȥ˺ܶࡣ
վǰһˡ
İ糤˺ܶ࣬ƤȻȥĮʱɹ˺ܶ࣬һӽɫԳһɾ
ļֱֿͦţǽʵȳơ
ǹʣˡ

Ҳ
طGӣİ磬ض˶ͣ³֡
΢ЦŶӣȵӭүظ
˵ˣӣŷԼȻе
û꣬һֻʵ־ͷס
İǴǰһᡣ


124 үط2

ӣͷİ硣
ǵľʵ̫İֻҪ΢սֱۣͿԽӵ뻳
İ֣ûſ
ӣĿ⣬İϡĳˣŶԭˣһɹ̵Ϣ
ǱѪζΨûдǰǸĮŵĳˮˡ
ղȥԱūţ׼İϲĲˣһӳÿİ翴ӣ顣
ûģȻһĻš
үٵص
ʵ֪ԼΪʲôҪڣǾǲǰһĻļҪӿˣ
İ粻õüתŸ
ȴȻӣûɿ
´˴İסӣֻϣȻ;ؿǹ·Ҳй߰˷֡
̧ͷЦúǿรһʹźSˡ
ųϣܵÿıӰɣ
ȻһรʹźSˡ
סĵط븣Ժˣӣˣ˺桪ΪϢĴһ£԰ʱˡ
һţรɹذθѬ硣
س嵽İǰү밲
ӣԱţͼûкܾȵӡȻѾ֪ˡ
İ̧̧֣ʾร
ﻹںҪรһƣͰˡ
үร۾ָźSͶİЦ
İ֮ǰֻ֪ӣ⻹ǵһμء
¶Цݣ߹ȥ־뱧S
˭֪SҲǵһμСС˵ǰ˾Ǹİˡ
һİ˾Ȼ˵ҪԼ̫ˣ
İֻûSһһС͵ĳİһţŤתСӣͳƴ֡

รЦϣǰͺ޲þźSصİ绳
㰢꣡
İؿڱһţ˵һСŽŸɱǱôһߣ뱧ӵǹҲûˡ
ɨˡ
รĸ飬ǰȥԾźSıģİ绳
SСһ壬ίʮ֣
İЦЦѺSͻĸ
θ״˻ΣԱߺȻƴ
֪θǰȥֺð˼
ǰһ̲ס˻θ
รߣۿŵܵǵİ겻ˣȻֱȥ˳ܵܵѣֹסİ°ڣ꣬㱧ܵѽ
Цž͹ˣһĸЦ΢΢֣ס˶С֣İ½Ǵг鿪ŵնĻ㰢ŻظðЪһЪ
รǲģҧѺS˹
ЦôӲϲ׶ӵģ
ǰȥͰѺSİ绳
ǱԼ㣬һΣSûкŤԹԵſİֱϣֻСֳǰ½źһӣİ硣
İ类˫۾һǱǣ˴ȸ֮飬СԴȻ͸оֱһȡ
漴һʪʪů˳ʵϣȻ˳°䵽ѥӼϡ
ǺSˡ
รǳƼˣֻǰϽͰѺSȥˡ
ﶼЦˡãӲǰա
⺢ӣƳˣǺүף
һֻţһ߾ǰȥҲ˼Ǻˣʮеİ˲ǰ½ȻŵүϽȥѰɣ
⻰һ˵˵߶Ծı˿
ү˳ݣȻͱء
˼ĵո˵ʲôİһϱþ
Ҳ޿ɺǡ
˷ǳʶȤķ׷һ߸İ磬һ߿о͵Ҫˡ
ӣȥ͸оϤĿԼϡ
̲ס̧ͷöİߡ
ֱȣûκΣ̹޼ɵ֮Уֻ
ӣһּӱ޵ʱɲҪڸǰˢڸУ
Դ
İ΢΢򴽣ɢ˴һĨ֮Ц⡣
漴ֻǳĬأؿ

ӣصԼСԺžöеˡ
Դˣȥŷҹ·Ͼ˵һϢ֮İҲûкʹһڸ
ڸԺϴһɾֱ֮ӻǰԺ鷿


125 νͻ

һҹԺＸû˯á
ڶһ磬İͽȥТׯ̫깬ˡ
˵컹ûѾˡ
ȻҲûš
Ժӳ£ūԵģӣó裬Ժūųȥ˶Цȥһţִ̽Ϣ˵İǰԺ鷿е㲻졣
ΪţԺĻľˣﵽ⳹׻˸顣

ʵҲ㲻ʲô¡ҲһƬģǰܵĻľ⿴ŲϲŻĽ
վӣߣһźԼҸͷһ߾ɫİ˵һ顣
˵ǽǸòģƷѵãĵģˮҲǿġ
үͿһۣȫȥˣСӴ˼С̫࣬æ˰ϣֱԺָԭ
öԱߣǸ֣Сӵ֣̲ס̧ͷһ
ﻹڼ˵ֻ˼һɷص񣬸ƨϡֻᣬʲôأ
ӣ̧ͷһۣ˵ˡ
̾ͱˣҲʵˣԹԵӣų
ոհһ˿ãİǰԺ鷿˾ˡ
ӣӭ˳ȥͿİʹ͹ˡ
ҲİģйʹͣλֵĹ涨һĴӡ
ӣӴ򿪣Ϳ涼һЩƯ֯кƤϣеĺɫһ˿
һЩҩҩģֱڰ˱УԲԲƴһУӣǰȻЩϾҲǴԽһˣɨһ۾֪ЩƷĻ
⻹һоˡЩҲ飬ȻеҲð񣬽ʣ;Ĳһ
ӣͦϲġ
һֻ׹ӣаһ£˿ˣЦž͸ˡ
ʱİӹˡ
ϽǲǸ׵ĵطһТׯ̫깬飬νǹ׶㣬ѷ
İڹﶷǶ˴죬ϻ˱ո;ЩƣˣҲûֱ
ȻɫͲ̫á
ڸſھ͵ү˵үȥԹӣǸү
İһڻؾˡ
жǻľ顣
Ͼˣ
ֻر𷴸иŵľͷ
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С̫໹е£·ʢչүѡ
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Ů
žأ涯ˡ
İˡ
ӣһӾվˡ
û뵽ĺ«Ȼظ֮󣬵һĵطȻľԺӡ
⻹ں͸֮
ӣʼ֣֮ǰǸ꣬İԽһ֡˼ɣֻҪүˡˡ
߻仰˵ĺ«ƺȴǰøǿˣһ˵һϡ
ӣӭӳȥһ߸İһߵͷ˶ͷϴŵĶΡ
İ߶ԼĶͷӣŷ֡
ᡰһ̧־Ѷժ
ժѡӣһ£ֱŵûժȫͷˡ
׺ͷӱСһ

İ翴⸱ӣֱ񿴵һֻմ˲ľмȻСצצƴͷҪԼĨɾСһ
ȴȵġ
΢΢һ£׻Цˡ
ʢһЦˣҲͷˣͷضżС̫˻֣ʾǰǰŮ
ʵİڹĲ죬ղŹһ·ҲǴǣֻ·Ÿѹһԡ
ʢҶ
һͺࡣ
ӣʵԶˣΪû뵽İϹҲûūȥţİ״ʢȥŷˡ
ӣ˼ԼϲԵģ⻹мˣ棬ǰȴǴδš
ʲôİ硣
İЦЦ꣬õĲˣȻֲЩζȴǲһҲ


126 

ӣ˼İ綼佱ζǲĲˣʲôζʱİѾվֱס֡
ӹûüأֱӾ͹ˡ
˽ݣöѾ̵˽İ˶ȥӣ
ӣ£Ȼ󿴼ļԭȵ׷ɫڱɹɫ
ɫԱһ𣬿žرЦ
Цźİ绻ѡ
İ̺ϵӵʱİֱӾͰ˻ͷͷصһڣֵдԵʣôʱ䣬ûί
ӣ֪˼ร߸۸ȥǸϽҡͷûУûСү棬Ժ
˵æġȻתһ룬ôԵİ̫ûڸУ
ǻ˿ڱߣӣ˵ˣҶֻһĹүأ
İ΢΢ЦЦȵ˳ıϻ
Ķӣ˶ɵزһ¡
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ӣֻЦ˵
İƨһ£Ȼ߹ȥ־ͳһųſֽдԭһʫ
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ԭĸǰ棬ӣں棬Ͱʫ˺ü顣
⣬мֽҲϤ
İ˼ŷ⡭Լĸӣļ鰡
ԭӣ˳ıīֱţһһֵأ
İʱһů˵̹
ֽţվ֮ǰĬ
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е㲻˼ǰסֽţһ߳סİӸдĲ·ү˺òã
İһ´Ƿһ˿ܵ΢Ц漴Ȼֽŷ˻ȥ漴־ͰӣԼš

ǶŵʱҲİȥԺӵ顣
ҪȥҲͰˣϾΪһͻݡĵոܶʣҪȡ
һβͬ
İϾǲŴĮ
ô˫۾ţİȥ˰꣬ոһҵŮ˾ϡ
ô󡢺ĳ谮øﳹ׿İķոѿ
ѿˡ
ߣһʢţ׵ʧθڣޢԱߣȰ䣬üڸ
Ȼһ΢Ȧ֪ʲô˵ˡ
ޢĬĬذūŶ˳ȥ
ڵ£ӵͻֱ㶡ԼԼЩӦˣİֻҪˣڹˣͻתͷȥ
úܣİΪӣעǲֻһ˵ġ
ԴӼ޸һֱߵģҲֻһͻݡ·ߡ
ڽ֮ǰһֱΪΪֻҪ㹻ͻݡİõһϯ֮ء
Ȼڲź֪طӦûб谮ǰᣬνġͻݡ˵ûκġ
ονġͻݡİѾҵˡ
٣л˵Ը˵ˣϡ
ո

ӣԺù֮İֱˮźϴԡ
ȻϴԡˣŻ·һҪūŶ֣Ҫӣ
ʵһٷİԵŴݣ˹ֱصӣʶʱǸ䵭Įꡣ
ӣΪϴԡ꣬Ҫǰһ徲ؿ飬дʲôġ
Ѿһˮůѵ˼׼
˭֪ո̺İ罫ɫ´ãİۣͻס󣬰һ
ŮǼ״ʶȤظϽ˳ȥһ¾Ͱ
İӣֱӱôᱧţߵ˴֮ԣ
ӣһϴԡЩˣҲͲˡ
ôţ۾ƶһ˵񡪡
İվ֮ԣǽϱקбӰ
ҡҷϵյð밵


127 Į֮

İڳţܿļӣ뵽˷̺ļɫʱһûסתͷЦ
İɫһ£ǹһ£ҲΣ
ǰԱ£΢΢пڴ֮ԣȴֱͦͦġ
ֻסӣĽףԼ漴΢΢ۣɤֵôˣЦʲô
İһֱůȵģ·ͱҹɫȾһ㣬Ҳġ
ӣʶؾͰѽİһСͲİĶ֡
ӣˡ
˴Ӵƶ˹ȥİǱߣЦŶүɹ˲٣⣬ɫˡ
İһ£Ӧ֮νһˣֲСǶ˭ںɫĺڰס
§һ˳ıֵͷӣš
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˵Ҳ֣Įʱҹоʣۿҹǧʵƣ뵽ոԺ͹СŮӡ
ܾһΰ£ӹ˺þƵġ
ڻˣַ·ǰֻողŷһδľƣһδϵӡᶼܽӵϡ
ӣͷĶǺϵؽԴİǱߴ˴ա
İ类Цˣͷһڣ漴ֽ§һµı̾Ϣһȴûһˡ
һ˵ӣ۾ˣʱסİĸ첲Դүҽĥһ¿ζ±幫ǶһЩֻóأͷҲү
İЦŰסȴû˵ֻĿضβŵ˵ͷ
һİ渽Į귢һһ˵ڳ߼˵ɫԵõ˵˼δս֮
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ʶؾͽİ֡
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ʢԱֵصģİ纰Ͻ͹ˡ
ӣҲİ˵ʲôֻʢӦǡ
Ȼͳȥˡ
ҲʹŹһյ蹦ʢĴ˻ˣİȥߵſڣʹн˲֪ʲôһС
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ڴһ֣ӣͺĬı䡣
˾ôȣͷͷڴߣӣſİһֻССĽкӡ
ЩϺڣ֪ʲôա
İ޳ָźӣɫ
СݽǵĹСƤһһں˯ʱȻͳ˳ӣ̧ͷ۹⾯һ
ӣİ磺үʲô
İЦЦŽֻӴ򿪡
һֻԲʽҲԭûеģһ꣬еĳҰ޵顣
ĵɫ
ӣе㺦£ʶؾͰѺǰơ
İЦԷǣ˽§ֱۣͰο£үġ
һ˵һ࣬Ȼһ
ڰ֮УǷһЩɫĹâ漴ǹâԽԽԽԽʢã·һ̡
ӣֹȥɫĹâϣŷ֣ԭСԲҹ¡
ѵĮֵҹ飿
İЦŵòÿ
ӣ˵ͷ
İͷʮֳص²˰ɣ
ӣе㲻˼־§סĲӣһֺֻȥֻҹ顱
İЦŽﱧ˱ŵǴϺǸʶ
ǡǸ
Ƕӡ
ӣһӾͲķӸ˦ȥˡ
ΪʲôղСͻȻѹˡΪСǹŵѪζŵѹˡ
İתеӣ·뵽Įһ㣬ǶıҾϣǸһȻԪˣȻټɲҲδ֪ʰʵνġݡҲʱˣ˵ڣδˡ
̧ͷԶ
Զʵĺڡ
ӣ̧ͷİ磬Ϳİ·صС磬͸ǰⲻһӶѣĮϣĮգضҴȵ¡


128 ר֮

ӣԹԵİ绳ʱ̲ס̧Դ
ĺ«ʱľͲС˰
²ſʮ꣬ʮ̫꣬״αϣλ̫֮λ죬ӶյĽ׶βʽʼ
һ㣬㻹ʮء
治֪ĺ«֪Щûθ룿
ӣôڶĬĬֹţȻһ̧ۣþͿİһͷҲɨ
İԽȴǰǿˣһӣʶе飬Ͻͷ
Ȼ󱳻оеģ
طGĽǶȿͿӣ΢΢żתתȥСԴɰ
ЦžͰǿϺĺӣֱүɱǣӸϡĺöš

ӣȻǺմȾѪе㿹ܡ
һϲϲˡİ˵衱һгɾ͸е顣
Ƕϲˡ
ˮ
ӹ֮󣬾Ľ˹ӣϸˡ
һһ㡣
İ翴ӣԼĶȻˡ
ڴߣЦؿڹǰ֮ʰš
Ȼ߸˵߻§ԼĲӾͶллүҺϲ
İžµСЦŵϲ
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ӣ§û˵Ȼ۾գգİ绳վ˹ȥ
İͿȻְֻӴӹóˡ
еЦãӣʲô
ӣ˺ӣߣЦֵء
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İһ漴Ц
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ٿ
İ绳εεظүһ뿴ӷ

öֵ档
⼸ˣۿִ̧ͣŹǷöĬĬش˹ȥ㣬㿿Ҽϰա
ҡҡͷָָ棺һƼʲô
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ŻعͷȥͿݵĴɴ֮ϣ͸һЩɫɫǳһϼһ
ԺūŶ澰ˣԶԶؾ˹
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ӣոսӷŽ˽кӣȻһ§ס
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İǲ٣Ҵ˵Ĵ³ǴǰǸ꣬ôһ˲䣬ҲŹԵصͷ
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ӣֻ΢΢˽
ʶؾ֣ĹĲϡ

ģסڵĶ
б΢΢ģϵȴȵġ
ԡ

˶֪ү谮λ񡪡Į֮ǰˣ˯Ҳû뵽ǣİֱӣס
İÿǰԺ鷿ûأֱӾС̫ǽ鱾͵ӣǶ
Ϊүԣŷ˵Ҳŷܹܳϻ̳Ͽֵ͵
˼СѹûôŷĲˡ
ܹ̫˵ÿն³İϴء
˶ʼˡ˵İһȥĮ꣬ҪԼϲŮ޼һ춼ˡ
ʲô
˵ǡר֮衱ҲһΪ
ר֮裬ŵĸ縮ʮõոͷ۵ġ
ıոΪϰİ䵭һЩ
Ϊʧ̫ˣķܲƽУԹรʧ⡣
รֹʧ⣬ֱסˡ
Ȼ磬Ϊӣŷİ˱ǣȥá
ŷڲƷʱһҺ壬ֲæʱ
˵æ±ضҲиΡŷһ˵Ҫǣ˵Ͻȥ׼ˡ
ҲΪˣรǶҪĲ˾һЩ
ֻǡһЩҲͰˣؼǵȵŷˣڳ׼ʱ򣬲ŷʳĶѾǶˡ


129 СӵĴ

รūȻ⡪ôó裬͸ҵǲร
Ǳ¿ߵĲɣٵó裬ûһӰŮľ㲻վ˽Ÿ
ǿǲรοүĳӡ
ŷҲίİӶסȻǶһһĲܵ
ҲûӰ
ŵūŻͼӴ׵ضԲร˵ˡ
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รǰҲǷģʱһ¶̾Ͱסˡ
ūŵĺӣรǧȥСӹסรӣתͷΧ˽еǶɵŸʲôϽæ
ԱߵŮ̫ǹһأʱСӽУϽ͹æˡ
ǵҲСֱֹǹ¿ͷֻڵรϢŭ
ҲаС롣
ôˣôԺŶסˣรҲȥ˲ǣ
òУֱǽΧסȥתһž߷Աһֻ衣
ԱūŶһŵòУһһ͸һͷรϢŭҪ
ͷ͡
һƬУСӵȻð˳ߣรǧԸлҪܲԸӣ
รɫŤˣݺݵ˼ţֽĲյˤࡣ
СվͻֶٰԺİ״ɶùòรˣ
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СʵڴЩ
Ѱ˼ңҲзһ壬СӹӦҲ
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СӲЦ˳
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ع۾รͷรֱһ¡
รһͫ׵ı飬漴һ˦֣˶ˣ㡭
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˵һɷ£һȻ·รԩһ
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֪Ϊʲôﲢúᡣ
ûİ谮ӣʵ̫ˡൽһҩڵģκϣ
΢İڰϢ
˸Ǿͺˡһ㻺ǡ
࣬һҲС
СɫղֶˣֻǹūŴǰҲãȰ˵รóסūȴδأ뵽Ŀ
˶٣븮֮ǰร⸮үصŮˡ񣬾Ʋ˽һ
̧ͷ׶ģԣһһõԣһһʧȥĿôĳסأ
һ˵ţһ߾Ϳߵ΢΢ƲȻǱ˵ʹ֮ˡ
Ȼˡ
һһŵ
СҲֲ̧۾޲Ӳ۾۾ֺףſǻ̧ͷร࣬ūˣֻҪรչЦգūűǷǣΪϵɽ»𺣣Ҳǣ
һ˵һϥǰסรָ⣬ͷֳԵϵร֪Цжÿ
͵͵үƲūſɶü


130 θ

һͼ˲٣һˡ
İʱڹ˳ģԸļ鶼ͦסľ͵˿Ρ
Ȼоۺˡ
ҪߵóԶͲܰôռϣС
Ҫô˵з磬ѷأ
İƲһʱ䣬ֻ˵ظ
ǰǰʹ˲ҩƷ
ıոʱ̫ǾסĹٷ֮ƬƤͻʹˡ
Բųıյĸۡ
طֵܵĸۡУǵλòġΪİ籾Լĸǹʻʺĸǹ֮һĵ
İϲǰԺ鷿Ƕİ衪̨ͤңľ
ڸʱ䣬絹˼Ρ
ǰԱߵϸһЦˣĵǴ㿼״Ԫˣ
İҲЦʦǶѧʣԣһҲģͱЦˡ
ЦŵͷȻĿһתͿİ鷿ǽϹżͼᣬԸɽˮġ
ĿؿİһۣͿĵܣһ߿飬һʱʱҳżǺš
òϸ

İŶûã͵˰ڡ
Ҳãһӡܲôʱžڸͷ顣
һԣһ¾Ҫ˵עˡ
ƺ뵽һǰͰİٽȥˡ
һȥĻԵļ硣
鶼ָĹУпźԺ̽ĸڣȡսϵҪʤ
һΣǰнһֳڣҪ롶նʽΪʽ壬ȫΧͨá
İ絽˵ϣͿѾǶˡİ֪ģͨģóʫ滭һѧĲӡڿʮʱ򣬻ʰѾԺ̽Ĺְ鷿
˵Ӧһ;㡣
ǴˣмĽ棬Ϊر˹˽ʵ˲ˡ
ƫƫԴ˻һ֪رٶۡ
үǹƽģϵ츳Ҫ߹ٳĵ
İʱ򣬴ڻشĻ
˵Ҳص㡪߿һھƵһñдϵĻᣬӼúܡ
ſдİԱϸŹ顣

İӹ£ӣҲˡ֮ǰİ˶գŪոԺƵģͷòС
Ȼ̫ҽո˼Ρ
˵ǴŸƽͷ˭֪ˡ
Ľǰһûʲô
һжãǶû
ﵹЩϲˡ˵ǵó衭ɵóôãҲû
İǰӶר֮ˣϻվһûС
˵׼ǸϺӵӣ
ôţʱоؿڳһร˳۶ˡ
ת֮䣬ڵˣһİ͸۵ùǺϣϽǳһ·˶ãĬĬԡ
Ȼջ˱ոİһ·Ժӣˡ
ոյСԺſڣûأһζͳ˳
İֻһζ;θڶ忪ˡ
ڹǺľƣڹҲûôúõš
ղ·ϲöֻÿʡ
ʢȵ˱ոſڣӾ͹ˡ
СԺİûūűֱӴ̤ͽ䡣
Ȼӣæ
ߵ󣬿һӣСУתЦˡ
ү۾غϻմۡ
İһ¾ůˣ־뱧
ӣЦԱ߶һ£ۡأ
İ粻⡣
վԱߣ΢ЦſѲһصּͣˮС
ʲôӣ
ӣһ߻شһţ֪峯ʱ򣬾û
ȵƷȫʢ֮Űյ˵ݵϣȻİԼҸڵƻ¡˶ö˶һЦǶӡ
ô͵ûϸСأ
ôţ̲סͷĬĬöǱ̡߰
öܸˡҲˣʱܶһˡ
ζʵǴֱ̼ˮԱ΢΢ӣͲźţǸʲôʱ滳ˣǲŽжθأ


131 黰

һȥİɹطһ
ƫƫζ˻ζ񶡸ޱȡ
İʢһ롣
⻹һƤӽ鼦˿ͷƬ˿ںģĽ֭
ͷƬ˵ҺڹըһȦ΢΢ƣ¾ǵԣҲ൱ζġ
оƤӡζˡ
ӣϴɾ֣Լ˺üƬͷƬİ顣
İ綼ˡ
ȵӣеδ
İҲˣתͷȥŷһЩʳ
ʢǶԴİǰ̤ԺӣžȥŷкһŷǶ׼һӴݵľŸɫź͹ˡ
Щ˵ζȻûӣ˱ǣһʽ嵭ڵƻſҲźʳ
һ˿ö˿ӻ˿ڼаƣ˿еϸƹ¼͸˸ζ
һ˺ˡǰŻƲƶɣƽƽ棬ʵһҧȥŷֲŵƳɵŨ±ζ˱ǡ
ӣ֪ͳԹһ׷
극֮İƽľؽȥ飬д衣
Դϴӣ֮󣬾ֱūǴǰ鷿һΡ
ӣõġ
ﾲĵġһ飬һ֡
ӣĬĬڶ²ۣôøϰƵġ
ʵֲûжȤֻСѧʱ΢ѧһ㣬İžܰļ
һǺܳ֡
Ҹоǳãһӣ˴ǰԺ鷿Լƽʱֳ
˵ү˼ôأ񵱷
ӣֻζʧò΢ЦšȻĬĬˡ
֣ҲûʵȥȻİѥ⡣
İûֻĬĬذѽż
һӣ͸ذǰˡ
İֻεط±ʣؿЦβҡͷ㰡
Ȼĺǣİе裬ӣӿʼŴ֣ÿֽдĶƵġ
ءȻѧԺѧľǺ͵ľ롣
ϴ֮ӣ߸˵ˡ
ʱմԽʱΪ֪ʱղִİҲͬѰҲûôİ
˵ΪûڴҲνʧ
ԴİԽԽ֮ӣʶҲԽԽˡ
İ紩һɫ£˴֮Ȱ§§Ȼһֻֻ飬׼˯ǰٿһ
Ͼϣһ飬һ˰죬е㾫̫ã˯š
İڱסӣӣȴûʵŶüɽĺƵģֱİȻŤŤϣҳ͹촵
ҳȫˡ
İЦž쿪ֱۣӣԼڡ
ӣǸ۲۵СŮˣź֡ȴƫƫǵԼǣҡ
ڸǰԺʱæЩ£Ҳá
ƫƫһԺͿʼĵĶˡ
İסӣ֣͵Լǣ֡
ӣĲˣһȥֱ˱ѡ
İ翪ʼûãһһƳۣͿӣתֻú󱳶Լ΢΢š
ûһΪԼӣίĿء
ֹȥ򣺡ӣ
ӣû
İһ⣬ӣתŴ۾еһСС顣
İ΢ְ鱾ȶŵƻ˿棬Ϳббдĸ֡ҵղء
İ΢΢һ£ΪӣƽʹĶıɲᣬڴͷʱء
µطһҳͿдţʽ֥ʿš
滹һͼżԲģĶÿм仹һƬںڡ
ʲôİ΢оָӣ
šֵ˼׵ģ֥ʿȫ֪ʲôˡ
¿Ϳ΢СһЩ֣ŤŤдţҶ飬ܲ飬Ƭ
ԭǲס
ӣ̧ۿİ磬һֻؽûһָֻȴסСָ漴΢΢ﻭȦ
ĮʱһֱŴǰ˸үԵЩʱ⡪̫ˣ뵽Է飬һЦ뵽Էʱ˵ĻһЦ뵽ΪЩ˵ʱڴ飬ҲЦ
̧ۣİ磬ֿصЩ飬¼


132 СŮ

İһ¾Ͳ˵ˡ
ؿӣãĿ˵顣
ãסӣһֻ֣Ƭ֮İŵͳɤԺүš
ӣͷЦˣЦһ΢΢̧ͷ·Ǻܲ˼ģ۽޼俴İһۡ
İ̲סգ˫գ΢΢һ죬뵽ӣ˵Щ黰İǳ˴ǰŮ˴ûй
ָ֮££ӣı۰򻳱ӣϸ뻳
ΪҲ˯ˣ˭֪ûһİ͸оԼ⡣
ʵ˯ˣԺӣ°һ£Ȼһʪ⡣
İһ¾ˡ
ôˣ΢΢ںڰ￴
ĵƻѾЪ˵ģȻе¹⣬޼£ѹʲô
İūŽƻ
ӣͱסĸ첲Դ첲ϲ˲䡣
İ类ķĺף庢һ˲ˣôˣ
Ȼһ뷨ǣǸˣƤвסˡ
ҪôǺԺۺϵó裬۸ûӣﰵ˵ЩĵĻרҲ˵
ϲһ˵ʱǺ۵ġ۸ԼȫҲܻỳ©ʧ֮
İְӱϰ˰Σպతһ¡ãСɵҲֻᣬû޵ô
ү˵үĺף͵
İ˵֮ӣߣܵزһ£е졣
ô˵
İǸصˣԽǲ˵ԽǾúʲôò˵ί
Ȼ˵׼´ȥơ
ӣֻڱ˵ŽŽţסİߺ˵һ仰
С
СŮˣô죿
İĵһֻֻӣĺģ˵ʲô
ӣСС˵һ顣
˵ˣ˫ˡ
İ絹Ǻ΢һ˲˳־ڱ£²᲻صһơ
İ޺޵ص˭˵үϲˣүֻǡ
İ뵽ǰ̫ҽ˵ģһʱе㲻˵ڡ
˭ӣô׺أ
ʵ̫ҽ˵Ҳͦίġܽһ£˼ǣר֮裬Ȼбкô
ҲΪкӣҲΪүϲ񣬾һζĲӿơ
֪ӱϾЩ
ʲô¶ĩȰѡ˺ˣпķï
ʱİ绹̫ҽ˵ҪҪһЩҩϵ
̫ҽǹ̫ҽˣʱ˵ʵûϵϾᣬҲûʲô֢ҪļӶȻǻеġ
İ統ʱžôͷôһ롪ֻͣ
ȻϽġϡ̫ҽ
ĺЩٸнһĺ󱳣һֻ־ĶӣԹ˯
ӣһҡͷβؾ̧Цˣ§סĲӣ۽ëϵϵƤ˲
ġ
İЩġ
ЩѵתͷȥŬԼһ˯ǰЩۡ
˺þãŽƽ

ڶǸ죬İ磬ʱѵȥรǶ
ͺS
ร˯û뵽ūϲܽ˵İˡ
รΪԼû˯ѣŵλء
Ȼİһӽˡ
뿴ǶŮ˭֪һţöรӴϱһ˹ı飬һֻŻûЬббվԭأɴ˫ۿ
Сһֻͭ裬ˮ΢΢ء
ſڸİ밲˾ǽ߳ȥˡ
İ翴ⳤðװ׾С̫Ȼź򣬾΢΢üҲֻǾûأԵĵûʲô
漴ͿรһԹίӡ
ĺίѽ
İߣҪ˵Ůˡ㲻õһҲǵڶˡ
οİǰССسһʱ䡣
ڻдͺS֣жŮ˫ȫôճһá֡
ⶼϵĹͣĺӡ
һԶŮټһˣֲһİ
ร뵽ǰİӣġר֮衱ίһɺҲӿˡ
ʵ˵İȥĮʱ䣬û˼ӣЩʲô
ǶҪչˣֲ


133 ү

ο幫Ҳʱʱػߵʱ򻹲ӸµطԸ˵
รʱﳰЦλݵǫ̀棬ǳպЩͱǲת
ūʲô
Ҳڻعζˣ幫ǲǲѽ
ү˼
幫Ǻүø鲻Ǻĸͺһˡ
үȥĮˣԹ֮ʱʱⱴոʲôأ
Уɰá
һ㣬ร͸ˡİӣȻҲôһ档
ǰûжԱȣҲͰˣϷǰร׹İϲôһӡ
ûаŽ
ûС
Ȼรǵ񣺡ү밲
İһ̧־ˡ
̧ͷรɫ㲣ﵹЩ̡ϾǸӵŮˡ
ϲϲҷŵһ߲˵ΪӵԵʣҲҪչһЩġ
ôţ͸ºˣรɫã̫ҽķӿкú÷
ʻã⻰һʣรµ
ӻͳû£һ̧ͷͿСſڶơ˼Ǻò׺嵽İˣ޿ľɨˡ
룬үòһˣôһſԹ·һ㣬
´λԸ
ٿ϶ˣ
รҲ֪Сӵ˼ƴᣬȥ
ǡ¶ͺʹӾһû޵ʱ򻹺ãһһӣľͶղסˡ
ร˺һ
ҺүûҲͳĬǶޱޡ
˵ôţรˣ޵ҲͲҿˣһ߲ᣬһ߹ȥСظİ衣
İ˵ҪͺS
ร̾ĸȥһԶŮˡ
ո˯ͷС˯ͷɣ֮Ժػ̧۾İЦˡ
ȻЦվԭأҡҡڰڵض˶ֻСŽţҲеԥ֪òǰˡڲǰöࡣ
ǰӰ궼Ű꣬𽥵ҲЩˡ
Ƕץĸֶ֣ĸֻ̽һԴ۾ؿİ硣
İ絹еᡣ
Ůأ
΢΢Ŷ쿪ֱۡ
Ҫȥรȴ
ɴۣİร֮ԥԥؿ˺üۣڻѡร
İϵЦݵ˵Ĭһ˲˵Ϳรסֿʼˡ
İֻһ˲վߵĸߡ
ĸźS
İ΢΢ٿһۣ˯еĺS͸ζ˯úܳһֻСַߣ˯лڲϵ˱ָ
İ粻ɵضҲСˣŵؽϣŶĸ˻֣ʾSȥ
Ȼֿһ۱ŶĬĬร
ڶĻ΢һ£ֵ̧С֣Ǿشรļϣı鿴һ˲漴͵ޣޣ
һ˵һֽŲõรգร˺ü¡
รֻǰԹضİ硣
ߣͻͷҲİ硣
İٿȻͷ֣һ˫۾Ȼһ˿Թޡ

รԺİһ·ǵǰߣһԲ
ʢҲû˵ֻèں棬ʱʱĻͷߴһºС̫Ͻϡ
үﲻء
ʢĽǶ˵รʵӴĿԡ
ôҲ룬ԺŮһӣΪʲôأ
ȻΪһʧʱ򣬻һӿ
ԣİжԹҲܵź¶
̺ӳӰꡪǶ޵Ϊ
Ǻĺİ粻ˣòİϲͱӻĸûг谮
ƨ
İᣬﺢҲ࣬ԲรҲΪԼһԶŮչǸĴ󹦳
İҪԶŮϵġ
أ
ó񲻻
θ񲻻𣿻ˣѡŮ
ЩŮ˶
İĺֻԽԽࡣ
รǸӵģӦ֪ϽǾǸõӡ
ôİ繫ǲÿܱүأ
Щóİ繫ĸмӹ̹أ


134 Ȩ

ʮһߣһһˡ
ʮһ³ɽƽһصĵ𣬷ݵˣһʱʧ
͢ҲӣյɽѲ౨֮˾ǰɽ
⣬顢󰢸İҲȥˡ
ȥ֮󣬷͢౨˵ݾ٣ȳ͢лҪصö࣬ǰҰ
յ౨ּ⡪ֵ֮ڶֹͣǮû޷İգÿӣٸס⡣
ıո硪𲻱ȱģܻİȥ˵Ȼеطܱţֲۣ˭Ҳ˵Ͱٷְٵİȫˡ
밲ʱͰĵ˵ˡ
ӣžͽˡ
รĬĬһ˼ӡ
Զɽƽİ磬ǺܰȫֻĿ˰յĲ״֮ǳء
أɽѲҰ˱ǶǺģʹ󰢸Եȥߣ֪նҳʲôӡ
˵ⳡֹһҹ֮䣬ຢΪ޵Ĺ¶ʧ
֣ûӵ顣
ʰŴ󰢸˼ҲǺġողŸТׯ̫깬飬ɽҪǡ
󰢸뷨ҲһһζѾʮˣİСڶʮ껹ûҲûʲô
Ǵ󰢸磬ͲСˣҪʲôʵ³
ʱ򣬻ʰڳ͢ٹ٣⳼ǰҲÿһЩǣ
ǳ֮⣬󰢸Ҫ󵱵عˡ
ּһ£صĹ𶼳ˡ⼸ͲãҲв˼ңָԷġ
ôһ𣬼֣֮άּҵˣοʲôء
Ǵ󰢸粻ٸ˳͢ղķԸֻհ죬Ըȥ
ʮһ³ʮ磬ص𶼾˹ҲҲеӴģֻ˵
󰢸˾Цסһǣص֣ͬŪ٣ֿߣҪӱҪϵĹ¼ã
ڳһҲвģ֪ŵǴ󰢸磬˭ָҶ˵һ֣
󰢸翴һȦӣ̹
Ͻ˵ǿӣȴܱ̫ѹһͷѾǸֲƽˡ
ŸоվȨĿС
İԱߣһԡ
ǲ˵ﲻĥ顣
İһ˳ӣĺܣϴ󰢸顪ͷ˰˰˱ˡ
Щ쵽˽ĵһϸĲ˰
ʹмֽţƲ
ֻ˰è壬ʵ̫ˡϸϸһ飬֪;ǧ˿ƵĹϵ
İһ߲飬һ߾˿ӱ޵ﴫϢˡ
˺
Ȼո˵ɽƽڷǣ浽ɽ˰飬ʱסˡ
Ҳ˳Ÿϵ۵ʱϻ˵󰢸İ棬ֵʱ򣬼ٴʥּѵعԱŵòᣬһΨ󰢸İհ
һţһ߾ĬĬؽİֽܱţ߬

ʮһµ׵ʱİؾˡ
ʱѾӽףһһŴʯҲ˵ء
ʱѾˣİôһԶŻү϶ȥˡ
ҪΪ͢ʲôҲǿԺ¶
ԲԲģһ˹ˡ
Ȼİûʲô飬ǸǾãֻҪĸϱոĴţһҡ
Ϊİ֮󣬼粻ȥǶǾͱضҪȥร
Ϊ˼ұϾոոİ˸ӡ
ǣİˡ
ֻˡ֪ΪʲôΪڲһ֮󣬱ضȴǰóһЩƺİӲûеôϲ
ϣ
ôţֹԽ˳ˣһٷźİ磬Լ׷ûϼڣֻǲͣظİš
ֻûֱӽūǵĻˡ
İЩȥǶ¿Ŀ
ϵͺ۾Ŀ⣬ԼˡƵġ
˸ŸһЦǱǶࡣ
İţһ죬ʢȥѴɽɫһЩˡ
ǿżŬװŲл˶һõոҪ¶ʹ͵Ǹ̫С
İ翴ʹͣһƽƽı飬ЩȻζ
ÿΡӣʲôӣǺܿġ
طGףӣĵĲĹأЩطGġ
Ҫġ
İ뵽ӣֻůġ
һһӲ˲죬׼ߡ
Ҳû


135 ú

İȥӣСԺʱţɱ
ҲǴԽ֮ǰһ㣬ܼ򵥣ԭҲ٣õĺóԣְٳԲ͡
ζһʽļС
رҳرζ
Ҳܼ򵥣ƣΣۡţ̣һȳȻѻ͸ˮڻˣҲӽȥ
ٰѵ򷢳״໥Ͼȡ
ʱƽ׹٣֮ǰӣͼֽİ磬İֻŽ˺ðƽ׹ӡ
ŷһ״Сһƽ׹
ĲʽĲͬѡȡͬĳߴ硣
Ҫɱӣ͵ƽ׹ˢһͣСȡ֮ͣҲнģΪζ嵭Ż᲻סɱζ
Ȼȹ΢΢ȣӣһȥ̯ԲΣ;ۿɱһðСݡ
žǷ棬һ¾ͺá
ΪӣϲһЩĿζҸղʱûзŽȥܶǣöѷ׼á
ȵɱһڷ۽ϴ˸
⻹ʣɱһԭζһϵ׺Ͱõĺ춹ɳŽںãϺ˿׺
˷ۡɳԭζƴţɱ
ϾʮһأСԺﵹڣӣҲͲȥˣװɱĴӾĳԱ
ӣͷһɱҧһڣ
ǼеĿڸУ
ʱİҲ͹ˡ
ûأԺ棬İżɱˡ
ղڸǶùţǲֻζʣӣĥʲôʽˡ
ôһ룬΢΢һ죬Цˡ
СԺĴ࣬ߵūŶ֪ˡûƼӭİ磬Ƕλ֮С
Ȼİһ䣬Ũˡ
ڣֱȰ̿軹ůͣİ籾ղ·ߵļеһȥǾЩסˡ
ӣй񣬾ͿǰĿյӾЦүĲɣٸүһɱɡ
İڰֵֻǹ㡣Ҫæ
һ˵һ߾ĿƣȻȻ׼ڳԱ¡
Ϊӣ䡣
ӣȴľôªĵط
Ĳ˵İһͺΧγǿҵΥ͸С
İĸ첲֣İȥˡ
Ҳһůͣ̿յȴõϺõ̿Сĺܡó裬ĸϺù˸รǶǾӣˡ
İɨһۣ÷ˣЦŰӣ˹ࡣ
ͿҲ˵һžµСЦԼԽۣƤ۵ĸˮһƣ˫շ΢΢ĺΡ
ΪͿ֬΢˳־ôָָ˲
Ȼİ緢ԼϸɸɾʲôûС
ӣԸϵĺΡ
֬ˮۿƭˣɫȴƭˡŮ˱ôãɼСԺӹ൱ġ
İ뵽ͺ̹
գﰮ˺һҲ˵ô
ӣһһӶ
ԺūŶſڵ̨ϵźԺһʱûˡ
СҧһСľӣֵػСβԺ˺üȦȻھеˡ
˯
̨׸Ȼһȳһˡ
ȻȷżʱСվɱֵúܡѡһë׵Сȴżϣѵš
öˣϽҪС⽱ȥ
С΢΢һᣬضö˫֡
ľ飬ʺʱ͸۵عˡֻҪʺĿԼģ
һۣ
ûС
Сë׵Դ￴ȥͿī۵Ųʺģ˫ֽţϸ˵ʲô
ƻ֮£˵Ӱӳǽϣֱںϳһˡ
СȻѾǵһμ棬׺ȻеԴˡ
ҡҡβͣС˼£ȻĬĬذСȳȷ˼
ԺūעźϣСںڰһ漴΢΢ҡҡβͣǽ͵͵ȥˡ
ϾˣĹ磬һҪμ𣿡ӣİ绳һİᵽҪˣ뵽ˡ
Ȼ̧ͷСС
ļǵȥꡪȻ֮ǰᵽϻУӲ飬ָİ磬еĲรӻ
ӣ뵽ʱĳ;úĶһ亹


136 ɰʹ

İ絹ûشֻǵͷһӣ
֪⣬漴˽ֱۣȥˡ
ӣһ¾͸˵ñˣ
ģүҪ˵㻰ѽſϸ
İЦž̧ͷ㹬ҪȥүҲ㵲ţİɡ
һ˵һͷǡ
ȥĮãȥ˰ŷСŮӣ֪ģѾԼˡ
ļֻŵ֡
ʵҲûٽȥʹ˴٣˻ʰꡣ
ˣзȥ
Ϊӣݵ͡
ΪϽǲıոԺ
ϲ̫࣬ﰵ˫۾š
οһ꣬ڻʰǰͷĻѾˣ˵۾ῴˡ
ӣֻ֮С
Ժӣݵı仯Ȼвòμֹʱ
ʱ˵
İ΢΢š

ĺ«׿ڳŵ˵ȥˣӣŷ
öѾˮˡղӣЩůͣ˳һˮ
İȥŷˮˡ
ʱ򲻱ִһļʲôˮУϵرҲ͵
ʱˮˡ
ӣˮˣҲû̳ԣöҵ棬ȻСҨţһһͽ
İ翴Ե㣬Ҳ͸Źӹһֻ˳ζ
Ҳ
ù˹յİ絹Ŀд֣ů衪˾䣬Ŷůÿ˿ڸ
￴˿ʶ⻹Ƿݽṹ⡣
İūŽˮϴԡ֮˻˸ɸɾ£ڴˡ
İ绹һڿӣԱҲûţԼϴдǱСףһһڼ¼
ڻ֮ǰԼѧвʽǵƷ
ζĶԵ̫ˣҲе壬ӣеԼʽ֥ʿˡ
Ƕ
ǰһϣ׷ˣͻѵ緹׷ʢñʴˣڱﱣ档
Ȼڶõ緹һ£׷ܿͻŴ
ʱټɡȳ㳦ܲ˿ۡʽ͵ȵȣ֥ʿƬ
ȻñĤšˣΣŵĳξͳˡ
ʽ֭ѽȵȵɽϣŽ΢΢һ£Ϻ̦ڸ㡣
ֱóԵ
ӣддžͷˣϵıʲɵͣĬĬؿŲףǷͽһҧȥζ
ɵһڿˮ
ҪϵĿʲôף
һ
İ緭˼ҳ飬Ȼ۽Ͳߵӣˡ
תͷһۣͿӣе㶵ӣ³Сͷ촽űʸӣͷһ¡
ŵıʺϡΪī̵֭ȴ̫ãžડһ鱾ֽҳʪ
İֹȥ͸סӣֱ˳ҲͰѱʸ˹
Ȼ鱾ϳһۣͿϴǱףİЦˡ
Цⶺָҳһī֭һü滹пˮգ
ӣҡͷβؾ˽ˣסİ촽ڱŽŽţү
İЦ˳ƾסֻµƤůزģµһţָ⡣
ۣӣģſͷϣƵȷʵҪʱˣ߷Ҳн´ӽ֯ӣѾ˵ˣʱһ˸Ժӡרֻѣרר¡
ʲô׵ģҲþ
ӣеɵ̧ͷѿڶİ磺רŸԺӵѣöūŵѣҲǸ𣿡
İһʱȻʧЦ
ȻЦȴһؽӣ⣺ǡЩ֯ӣõգֻ̺ӵѡ
ӣЦˣʶԼ˸⡣
һᣬůıҧӲ˵ˡ
İͷһֳͷ΢΢Цſӣ
;үӣɰ
ôôɰ
ЦеĿһӣȻ뵽Ǹ⣬Ը֮ڣһø
ǵӣͱɿɰˡ
ʵϣ󲿷ʱҲϡϻۡ֡
ֻǸʱܾһҲûСŮӵĿɰ
żɵʱ־
Ȼһ˫ر׼顣
İ˶٣ӣƷġĵ·ָ⣬ֵ᣺࣬һӣֻүҪæµڲŶలЩ⣬㵫Ҫģܶү˵


137 īۺС

ӣˣ˼һ
Ȼ̧ͷİүģһжѾܵˡ
˶٣ǣİӵүġ
İôһ˵΢΢Цˡ
ϲ֪Ůˡ
˵һӣؾе۾ˡҹˡ
Խ֮ǰǸ۲۵ҹèӣ᰾ҹ׷翴С˵
ǴԽ֮Ϊû磬Ҳͽؽ˯ϰߡ
Ե˸˯ĵ㣬ӣȻȻľ;һӿ
İתͷͿӣ۾ˣԴһһ³
źЦͷԱߵȱ˴
ӣûʲôӦ
İֱֹ֡ȥס°ͣǣӣ͵۾
İЦžͺūŽϨĵƻֽϴԡĶʰһ١
ū˳ȥ֮ڰ
ӣİǰԴţ˯
֮УֻһֻĴסԼ֣İ罫ָ͵ǡ
Ȼô˯ˡ
԰һƬڡ
Сƹ˼ɽܹ˳ȣһƬڶУżҹȳ򣬷ɹҵ
С⽲ɵЩ¡
Ȼ·ȴǼǵúġ
ûʱڵǰԺ֮
ŵС̫ϵС⽣֪İȮһǵ˵ۣ漴Ц߹ͻԺָá
Сݣһ¾ÿˡ
ȻɤţͶǰ鷿ؽ˼
С̫൹֪İǰ鷿ǲ徲
СĹ׻˵򹷻Ҫˡ
С⽳˺з죬ֻҪİν˭Ҳﲻȥ
Сֻ̫ǸղС⽺׷š
ǰԺ鷿һƬʱȻ˻Ӧ
ī۴Զǵë޵Сͷ
С⽵ĽԴС⽡
⼸죬С̫࿴ϣûôлȥС⽣Ҳڵء
Сһī۳ˣеĸˡ
īءһ˼С⽱ˡ
Сıס죬ҡβ;һȳһյīǶ߹ȥ
īۿ⸱ģӭӹˡ
ǿŵС̫үİȮӭӣֻ浽һҲϣֻǽֲ߶µ־һŸղŵ졣
ī۳ǰһʶһ±С⽵ա
һʾӭĶ
С⽸žǰŲȻذԼĶƤ¶īۿ˿
ī۵Щ졪С⽽Ȼˣ
û
ī˲͸ˣǰ̤˼ͷС⽣ʾ
īۻй
ԷС⽣֮ʱС⽶
Сû߼ͺߺſ·ľһ㣬ĻͷԼȳȣ˼ڡ
īۼ״ǰòĦһС⽵գվ
С⽹Ȼ͸վˣεذͷī۵ϡ
ī۹ʹأȻĸ޶Դǰ㣬ͷС⽵Ķͷ
С˲Ͳһ¡
̧ͷöī۵
ī˲Ѿתͷȥˡ
СԺߣո˽ȥС⽾͸оԺһ䣬ߡ
תͷȥͿһֻβϴ÷״ëɫСĸ
ֻСлǰСҲǼġ
үǮԺСеһ֦ˡ
ֻϲΧīתǵ⼸Сۺ졣
ʵС֮ǰҲǼģʱ򻨻Ҳīߴա
ĥ˭Ҳ
С⽡
ԻҲûʲô
ǽϣī۴С⽽һһͷĿ͵ȳȱϵˡ
ʱͲζˡ
ֻС⽵Сĸʲôã
ǰС⽻һ˹˵ҲˣôܺǰԺ߹Ѫͳȣ
ÿһֻһѡΪİİȮ
˵īİ簮ȮСȻ֮ƥСĸˡ
·Сȳĸô£
ڵС⽿һᡣ
ī۽ȥ׼ԼĹС⽳Եʱ򣬻ڵӣС⽣Ӻ﷢˵͵͵ĴвԵľ
СתͷͺܲмƳ˻һۣСӣһƵı顣
һӾҪըˡ
С⽾ͱСվԭҲŻǰʱСһ˿Ц⣬Աһӡ


138 ̲

û뵽СѾȳһֻȣȻֻݣɵվԭشһ¡
ţС⽺ݺݵؾͳײһ¡
ײһġ
ȻͷŭؿˡѾװȳ
̫ɶˣȻװȳȡī۵ͬ飡ƭʲô
ֱǹ̲
ĿֻۣצצڵϷ£غݺݷͽһ
ȻͳС˹ȥˡ
һʮʮû˿顣
С⽸Ҫ㿪ȻƳī
Ͳˣſԭأ·¼˵ӡ
Ȼ󻨻ݺݵľȳҧһڡ
۰
ۣ
С⽻һ£̾ۿתˡһεװġ
⻨̫ˣֱȹҧϵͷ
ֱĸģ
ҧˣһ㿪Աȥ
ΪС⽻ҧ˭֪СֻſԭأСӣһС۸ģһ
ľЩ
̫ϾֻСȳĸۿžҪ񡪡īۡ
ҧһһڣðС˹ֻȶҧȳˣ
ȵҧȳˣС⽾ֻźڵˡ
ͲţʱСĸǸīۻܼ
ݺĥݡ
ôһ˲䡪ΪԼһֻĸǣһֻɱϣֺһĸǡ
ȵѪҺѪš
΢΢·˷ӣ׼С⽷ڶι
Ȼ͵ӸոԾ֮ʱȻбһϮ
ɼͱײת˷򣬺ݺݵˤһԵĲݵϡ
ڵϹ˼ȦҡͷԵվ˦˦ͷճŵĲҶӡ
Ȼ󻨻̧ͷͿˡ
ī۲֪ʲôʱ˹С⽵ǰ彫С˸ʵʵ
泯Ż˼㣬һ˿ɱ⡣
һֻû
ⲻǹڱͬ
ǡһɷڱ޶
ʶһ㣬һ
Ȼ̧ͷͿī۳Ĭ⣬һѩ׵ݡ
һвҲһ̵ľ棺С⽣ټ˺С⽣
С⽶īͺߺĿˡ
ǿŶӣۿﲻȻʱʱȥԼȳ˵ֻȡ
أ
īۿСӣֻĶˡ
ȥʲôСȳһֻȣȻ۸
͸һֱС߱ģ
뵽ղŻҧС⽵Ǹݾī۶ŻԽɭ䡣
ı֮£һһ󰧰Ľһβɥ֮Ȯһ㣬ǽˡ
С⽻ɪɪ
ī۽£ְοС⽵ĶͷС⽵ĶͷʪģǷһ·ӻ԰ճϵĲҶϵ¶ˮ
ǹԼأ
ˣСΨһı߾Լˡ
ī뵽аٸнһɴδйĸζӿͷ
£ڡ
£Ҳñ۸ˡ
ͷС⽵ȳȣһҲմŵĲľҡ
С⽺ߺģͻȻֵذ˻
Ȼһ־һ㣬һȳһյԺˡ
ī۲֪ҪĶȥܵ׷ȥС⽵ǰ
С⽵ʹ۾īۣƿīۣԺߡ
㲻ҪңҪزʺǶȥ
ԺӣҲҪˣ
ī˼ΣȻûסС⽡˿ûлС⽵ֻȳ֧ôã
Ȼī۾ͿС⽵΢΢¶⡣
ߣ
Сǰţīεںţǰ֮䣬ǿŵС̫İȮȻҪİϲĹˣϽ־ͽī۽
С⽻ͷһīۣкȻžવһӡ
ī۵С˲һ¡
ĿСһһ̤˺԰ĺڰ֮С

ڶ賿ҲĵӵӣİѾ
ӣ˯㡣
İ类ū̺ţϢشѣֻͷڳ˯еӣ
ӣ˯ϲӡ
ǰո̺ʱǿά˯˯ࡣ
Ǻ˸ԽԽܣദĻԽԽࡣ
ͿЦõĽã
Ҳ㲻ʲô¡ﶼ޷˶죬һһӾˡ
ûΣӣͺĵ˵Ѿͺ˷ֿһ
ˣ
䣬նٸů趼ûá
İ翪ʼˣһһЦЦɡ
ӣһ棬˵˵žȻȦˡ
ģ(??????)
Цá
ô죿Լ۳Ůˡ֪
Ҳֻܳţ


139 챩

ӣѹʱ̫Ѿˡ
İˡ
ವʮѵõ̫չλεͶ̵˼ۡ
źϴ֮ӣԿʼˡ
ϸϸ棬ˬ䣬ĵף֭ŨƮѩ׵ļ˿ڼ⡣
ϻ׺ű̵̱ҶˣƯ֮С
žرˬ
Ե̫ӣ;ÿûʲôζҺöŷû͡ӣһЩŽ֮УĺͶʱƮ˿
ö¸䣬ůͷԱߣָӣҲˡ
һ뼦˿棬ӣԵޱȡ
ȵˣ߷ҲͱүǰԺūŹˡ
ӣΪİ˵Ľ֯ӣĵôˣ밲ʱȴ˵һڵصǻ
ȻүǱߵһܣ֪ӻ·ϡ
ҽ磬װҪĹʱδǰϵϡ
ү˼ǣø߷˹ѡѡ֮á
ӣֵ˺棬쿪ֱ۾ˡ
ò˳ߴ磬ְѻ̯ڴõĵطϸѡ
ӺܴһҳһҳĲҲƯʺװ֯УϺʵһۿȥ֪Ʒ
һɫϵĲֵͬرϸ
ӣѡöԱ߸ŻʡĿ鲼ˣǺţͷ߷Ƕ͸ǺźͲߴ磬¡
ӣ־ضһۡ
ǰС
˵үǰ൱ó裬¶ˡİλר֮ء
รѾӣȲλүء
û֮ǰΪʲô˹ɫǵľء
ƯƯҲͲǸѰƯˡ
˫֣΢΢죬üͷʶţѡӵģͺ͸Сûʲô
ͽá
ƫƫ͸İ翴ˡ

ʮѮʱ򣬳͢Ϊɽķѵڳˡ
һʮǧŰ
⻹ٷڡ鶴ɽĸһĶ
⣬ɽѲͼΪְֲ𣬿ʾ˴ѧʿ˼Ҫϲ鴦
ͼؾϢȹϵһұġ
Ŀɽ̫ӣƫƫһΣɽǴ󰢸İ硣
š
ǵȸͼ͵ǵʱڿ£ۡͼְ̲
̫ȻֱҲֻܼææȥͼ顣
Һÿ̫ӵķϣͬͼȻְ⽻̲
ɽǶȻҲңôйٸţǱؽķȥˡ
Ҳǹȥˡ
͢¶һ
үҲΪֻҪϽӡͿԱȥˡ
һӭա
˭Ҳû뵽ǣʮʮһÿŭ顪ū;ȻۼǧڻʳԸмͷģ൱㴳ڹ֮С
Ϊʣ˵ص㣬ͺͱûʲôˡ
ūͱ⴦á
˿֮󿴣ͰѼĸӺͶǶټˡ
İҲС
еĵյüůϵ˶˺һƬů֮Уλɫš
Ƕ׷ĳӣѿʱʮΪѡ
׸δ£ܰѶӵӰ콵͵С
ͬʱĸЩ֮ͽһͽ䣬ǲٷ
׸˶ǡҲһ
󰢸󣬵ܵǲ̫һҪڳһ˹١ļӣмȡ
Ǵ󰢸һǰ˿ǰʰ꣬Ϊūʹ˾٣ʵھˣǶ׶ţֱڻʰͳεĵ͢һƬȻ飡ʰӦúóͽ䣬Чȣ
󰢸߷߿˵ţ̫Ӿؿ˴󰢸Ĳһۡ
ǰӻʰ󰢸絣ҪڿѲӺӵ̵̹ʱ򣬴󰢸Ҳ迣ӵ
λ֮У󰢸λӡǴһ
̫Ӷ
Ѿӵ󰢸Ž֣Ҫ̫ӵͥ
Դ˵̬Ҳʮ
ʵ۲Ը̬Ȼлʵ۵ĵ
һϳڿ̬УƷһ˿ζ
ү˼ʵĬ󰢸̫ͬʱӵиԵġ
󰢸Ȳǰ̫Ӵһ˿Цͨϰ磬ս̫ӵȨ
ƾ
ûǸʸͬ
̫һĨߵЦȴվԱߵİ羡۵ס


140 İĴ

ֵİ硣
ĮսӵӡԽ̡սϵ侲ҡΣʱ̵ĳӦ䣬սТׯ̫깬ТģһܵطGı仯
ĵȷڽġԽԽȡ
ǵãطG˵ϲŭ¼ꡱ
ҲΪˣʹ١ߵʱ򣬻֣ܸ߬İһġ
˼תصǰطGǰֿˡ
Ϊ⺢Ҫ˵ʲôˣ˭֪İͷʹӻһ۳
̫ȥӵУŲůģİ绳¡
ֱӷ˵һҳͿдŵȫǸӦԴʩ磬ޱ죬ɢ˿׵սıԼƶıȢţס⡣
ÿһǴ׻ûκεĴ塣
£ҿС
濴ţİ澲ĵš
Ա߼ң㡣
ʵ¶ԹѾáǰ˳γʱ򻹺ãԴӿʮԺ󣬰ƾͽ⡣
ڲƶֻԽԽأνŵĳĶܶʿ˸
еʿǮõһ붼Ҫ֧Ϣ
ûǮˣȻȢţԺҲûء
ūͺͬһȺˣ࣬е˼˰£һ˵Ĺȥ񶼰첻
¶鷿ʦʵҲͷĿ⡣
ʦû滨̫ʱۣȻҲһ
ž·жǡֳУҲǴ塣
ðԹѾõıײۣ£׵ˡ
αأ
ȻϳʱʵҲû
ûӡˣҲûһΰ챩¶ˡ
ų£ֱʰ괫빬֮ڰҲǿͷӦԡ
˭Ҳû뵽İȻѾӦ鷿·;Զ·Ҳûʱд
ȻѾ׼õġ
һʱ̫Ӷİ˺üۡ
ģ
ۿſɫ޲ƽƽɨǰ裬һʱ֮УĬԣϢ
˰΢΢̧ͷͿɫϺ˪üͷԽԽ֮࣬䲻ر̧ۣɨһۡ
Ŀ硣
˰һջߣȴѾֻ÷Żʰ꿴һ伫Ҫаǵһ㡣
˰΢΢߬˴ָֻԼһּֿ죬·Ҫǻڳһ㡣
ж
ֹƬֻ̣ϴžһ죬ǿϡ
һֳһǣİãŵ˵˵
İԼɫȴǰֲ¶ֻǴݵǰ̤һһֲŲصػʰĻڰ֮£طGǰҲʦǰȥɽ֣ΪпࡣطGԼ֮ʱʰ˵һ²ĺ֮ǣһݰ֮
Ҫ˼ǣپΪвп֮ǡ֮ʹࡣ
⻰ǿǵѵ룬Ҳֻͷ˵һζѡ
󰢸̫ѹǲˡ
ˣҲһû뵽Լ仰ȴطGסˡ
ǵԼп̨帮Ͻ̨塢ɽصʱ򷢳ġ
ʱطGŶˣ
⺢ӾȻǵ˽ա
̧ͷطGһۡ
ֻİʰĽ̻壬طGΪǣʱ̽ġΪ£ԹѾãðǧˣֻһֻ֣б֮ĵˡҲδ֪
⻰һмϳЩݡ
󰢸Щ಻סǰһ͵ģ㲻ҪΣ
طG΢΢תֶԴ󰢸磬һѵܹı飬ϳϿҿҵص磬طGΣµȷСӡ
תȥĿᶨγ󵨵ضϿߣʰ꣬Ѿȥй˾ʦ޷аǧʮˡЩ޶ټϳѾãٳٲȢޣʵʹȣΪ˻ȥǶŹֵɱ˵¼ҲŷЩ˵ʲô
˶٣΢΢ԥһ£ǹϵصɼЩϰװܱΪҪشĲźá
İ⻰һԱ߼ϳ͵͵ſϵɫ
ʵ뷨û
Ҳˣ˭Ҳڿǰ˵Ͼǣǰ漰̫㡣
طGֵΪʰ겻ڳ⣬ո췽λÿ彨췿ǧ䣬ݵİÿ˸һ䣬ûټҡҲǶĶԲ֮һ
֮ϣϵһų⣬Ϧʱ֣ǵطڿǰ½֮ϣ߲á
İ磬ģ˵ȥ


141 ˹֪

Ǭ幬ϽУѾĺɫĺϡ
İŲ⹬ȥûãȻнŲ
һ٣ͷͿ˰;Űһǰһں档
˰Цž͵ĸ磡
ŰҲһĸ硱
䣬˰ֻһ£ԱߵľŰһԽԳ˰糤֥һ㡣
˰̳ĸ׵ĳ࣬˿۽Ǻʹ϶һ˿һһǫ֮С
䵱Цʱ򣬺Ѳ׽ĺøС
ʢ˰硢Ű֪Ȥؾ΢΢˾룬ռүǡ
˰һ·İߣȴȫȻ᷽ŵ֮£̸ֻЦ˵Ķǰ꣬ʱ鷿﷢ĸȤ¡
˵ЦİҲϴ΢ЦţżӦһ䣬ȴ˵
˰һβӣ䲻ؾ˻⣬һĸ緽ڻʰǰ˼ܣӦԳţӦ׼˵
طGһۣһЦ˵ܶ˵ˡǻʰꡣףԣȻ֪޲ԣ޲
˶٣ʵص֮Ҹӣ̹Աǡ
⻰һ˰絹ȻһӣЦЦָİһ·
ۼſ쵽ͣĵطŰ۾˳˰磬ͻأؿڵĸ绹ǲǵãʰ˵٣ϳɣҴ£ǲҪ۵ĺã
˰תͷ˾Ű磺Сţ
ŰһӣҪ˵ʲô̧ͷ˰ֻñ졣
أѱ˭ĻԸ
Ψ˸磬ȴסġ

õ˱ոǰѾȫ͸ˣյɵĹƵڱոſܣӭչ
ų̄ӭŵġİڻˣæȥʡ
İһ̤˵أĿбӵߡ
ʢͷƲԺȥ
һУʾūǸϣȻͿİȴรԺȥˡ
ʢ΢΢漴׹ү뿴һԶŮˡ
Ȼİ絽รǶϾϲޣй񣬸ոϲڻû˵仰İʺĶ
รЦϡ
Ҳ޿κΡ
ү⸮ĴүֻбΧת⣬ָж
ûеġ
ֻĸһԶŮ˳
S˯һûèƵġ
รḧ˸SĶͷˣ˯ˡ
S˯ľͲôһСţ˹
ѹ֮ҲѰĺһֻ֣Ƕһ˫һ۾İ硣
˫۾ʮֳγİﻶϲȥһSȴı۾תͷĸǰ˴ա
ѾιһˣʱչȥҲֻΪĸ׽
ȻˣǰꡱȻĸůĻΪ
ĸϻ̳ϿֵذѺSݸİ硣
İ籧ŻһСӣͷԼĶӡ
SЩ۵ʱԵøⰲ۽΢΢´һɥĻȡ
İ翴ſţһˡ
˰硣
ϰҲôһ˫ۡ
İ籧һӣһˣӲҪ죬ѵúSʮܡ
SŤͷĸķ򿴹ȥһС
ۿҪˡ
İֻðѶӽĸ
ȻҲǣִ˳
СѾͷֳһЩཱུԽԲˣСԱߵⶼе׹·е㵯ԣһһģرЦ
ҲСԲƵġ
ʱСһЩҲͰˣԳһЩĿɰ
պҪôȥȵҪ˵ʱ򣬿ɲͳ˸椣
İ翴ſţŮšһѣ߬Ŷ⣬ое㲻񻰣Ͷร˵˼䣬һЩӵʳҪ޽Ƶҳԡ
รϴӦˣȴԹӶʲôѽǸŴ˳ԣ
İڳյĲŪѻ
ֻгԶŽһЩǳ
֪ͳԶˡ
ҲǸԺġ
˵ףร⻹Ǹùİ磡
ҶˣôһһӲҺͺأ
ΪһףǷŮģ
รԹоֹʹˡ
İҲɵģ仰ܿ͵ֻ˵ӡ
Ȼ˿ˡ
ӹصֻиĻ
ôһร뷴ˣ
˹֪
ܸһеˣȻҲʱһжջȥ
ûָס


142 ү

รԺӣİ̧ǰԺ鷿ȥ
ʢΪλү˭ԺҲȥˡ
ҲãǰԺ鷿ԼͽͽǷ㲻Ҳʡġ
İոյ鷿ǰͿС̫࣬īۺֱ׷
īүǰԺﹷǵͷ죬ôһܶǶʱɧˡ
⼸ֻСһܡ
İͣ½ŲС̫ࣺôˣ
С̫࿴İˣϽֵ̿عͣ˵īЩ죬費˼룬ֻԺܣԺܡ
Ѿһˡ
ʱԲ񣬾ûסūٰī۸ˡ
İ˵ЩЦԷǡ
īҲϲӣСԺء
ȥСԺȻ͸ı⣬һ˦ӷԸʢ
ʢһ£Żعﰵؾ͵⵽ʲôʲôˣ
ֱүرƫƵġ
үİȮ
⵱īĶ㿪С̫赲˦β;Ժȥˡ
ǰļٵܵĿ죬ʱʱĻͷİ磬ʱ򿴼˵ľ̫ˣֻͣ˽ŲĶСצצİ硣
İ絽ӣСԺǰײ
ױݶ򵥣ȴѬģ͸һֻƶĴ󻨼Ƶġ
İȴײü
Ů̫Ũҵ
İˣֱͦ壬۾Ҳˣ漴ظȥү밲
İҲûô࿴һ־ʹ߹ȥˡ
Ȼû߼Ȼӵһү
ں
İһͷͿ΢죬סǰүҲѧ˼ʽҲϲأүǲһڿɺãˣȥǶҲ٣ֻһүһˣ
⻰һʢĿİ硣
˵İļϷŵ
ɱϾ
ϲ£һҪɣԲԣ
ȻƯҲ
ʢţѾǰ
ʢ΢ĥһ£Աÿˡ
λһ·˳˳ˮҲòʢʲôض
ܵİ缸ضʢ
ֵѩ̿зأ
үɫλһȤҲ᲻
ܻӲƯɡ
ȻҲһ㣬˵ʱеԱˣȻǴЦģȻЦȴ紵ĺ棬һ£ֻ˰⣬ûˡ
İø£̧ǰߣȴϵ̼һӴ˸硣
ԺӣԼԼ˶
Χȹſ̽˸ԴﻹŸʽ֥ʿţֱճһڻ˵֥ʿ
İ磬ӣЦˣү
İ翴΢΢һ̣ҲЦˡ
˾ôվţмһξ룬ȴ㿴ңҿ㡣
˶촽Ц˵
ӣ䣬Ҳů衪İ˼֮ǰūǣ˵Ǹƽϲĥˣ
Сһֻ䣬߸˵ڳԹ
Ҳӣոոġ
ʳĶ࣬ӣСȳһֻȣϸѡܳԵʳģŻС⽲Ӫ
İ䣬īҲŽ
ؾڽҵС⽡
Щ죬īѾСΡ
С⽲ô
īҲ֪ԼôˣֻʧǡƺһȫǣСϡ
ӣͷֻСһ𣬿һ̧ͷİ߸˵ЦˣīۺС⽴ͦá
־Ͱ֥ʿŵݵİǰүǸɾģҪȺźóԡ
ʢſڣӣô򵥴ֱֱӣ΢΢˾ʾȥźİꡣ
˭֪İӣ־ͳˣ촽ָ⡣
òóԣӣЦоͷ
İ絹Ǿζֵֹģ·һҵζϸƷƷһ֮С
֪滹кٵһĩ
Ҳһİ΢ЦžͶӣ˵
ӣЦ۾ˣͳԹһһ߳ԡ
˵ʵ̫棬İûסһְ̣ԼǰְСůԼ
䲻䣿
ӣԹԵҡҡͷ֪үأԸҷů衣
˵һЦˣһҲˣ
İҲЦһЦһԴò
ӣֻۣǺСϸ֦ĩڣӣ֪ġ
ǿļġ
뵽Թʮรƺ٣Զû֪ʱ
¶Աȣԡ


143 ƨ

ֽݣİﻹŹ顪ߵʱ򣬻ʰƺǰ̫
ʲôأ
Ѳɣʰø̫ӣ
İţԽԽ࣬ľ;ԴеˣȻһ̧ͷͿūǲ֪ʲôʱѾѲȫϺˡ
Ĳ˶ǽζһ鼦˿棬ż˿ͻƹϣϣһ͡
ۣ֥飬ۣ飬У桪ǻû迪˵ء
ѹӣһڣһ־ս˿ӿʼ
һ߽һ߻ֵţͶ࣬ɽȥŪİѡ
ȵˣζҲˣİȻ˼ûʳϣǱζһ壬ˮҲͳˡ
棬ܵθˣҲܵʳ
һ̩ʽ鼦ˡ
ʵüҲǼó-ӣصֻȣõˣϺںΣһ㹦¹
мƤһ泯·ţСѼͼļͣټ塣
嵽ȫ졣
Ȼ鼦Ľ֭࣬лǣ飬ףټ̩ʽ̩֭ʽ
زٵľƹ˿·ڶǣŨˬķ顣
İһ߳ԣһÿӰѻһߣּһӼӣеصӣҲԵ㡣
ӣЦؼԼǿ꼦ͳȥˣȴûϵмüŻ
Ȼܲҵذѻҧˡ
ʱӣһöû֪ˡ̿ȫֱ治ˡ
üȥ԰׵ĲյƫƫյոպˣöŲȥ浹ˮˣһʱ
Ա߿ˣϽҪӣʢ
İ״ͰԼֱ߰뱭ˮ˹ȥ
ӣһ£žͷԼˡ
ѽ
ûãһ̩ʽ鼦תۼѾӼ˵ףİδ¿ӣһ߽ӹֽӲ죬һ߲˵ȻζԺʿɶֹҪôࡣ
Ͼ¡΢Զϻ
ӣŶŶӦţŹԹԵصͷĬĬ²ۣ㻹ԣ
ô࡭
࣬ùţİ籾׼ǰԺ鷿ģոյԺͿСſżϣ΢΢Сͷֻǰеػš
īԱߵΧŴתһҲƽǸӡ
Աƽ︺չī۵С̫һغī۸ҲȫСϡ
İ翴žúЦԭվţ˼ؿһ˲ҹ紵ವġ
Ҳˡūȥǰ鷿Ҫ鱧
ȻӣͷԸū׼ˮˡ
ϴԡ֮󣬻ϸɾ£İǰ飬ӣſڴϿѵĻӡ
պǺг
˲һʱ֮ӣ;Զˡ
ʵӵǲģûζ֥ʿһȣý
֭ʱѾ׷ˣŨȸʱ򻹺óԡ
ӣҧһڷţһ߾׽һ߷һҳӣֿ°ͣҡͷԡ
ڿøأ;ü΢΢˳һֻطͷ
ûͷ֪˭
ӣЦֱֻ֣ϣȻͱַֻסˡ
İ΢ЦŰסԴݺͷһڣȻƳ԰װ֥ʿŵĵӡ
İ붼û룬Ȼؾһ
Ⱥģ׷ֲʧճԡ
ȵ͵ˣЩӦôˣźԺʲôѽ
ֲ
˾ԱһֱڴԴȵĻôԼһЩҲиС
ҡҡͷͰķȥȻͺūŽʰˡ
ӣΪԻĵһ¾ͱսˣ
һ¾ˣסĸ첲ʹļ׵֣үҳһ㣡
İҡͷôˣٳԾͻʳˣӲá
ӣŶһ֣Դ֣۽֮ؿİһۡ
һۣһۡ
İû취ֻūͣͣ
ȥ˿ӣһֻţιӣֻ۾Цгס죬²Ϊ
ӣƤЦسͷ
ڣȵūǶȥˣƻҲϨˣӣڱ﷭ȥ
İһְ˻Թ˯
ӣ§סĲӣүղʱӣܺÿ
Ị̇ûסǻ
ڱ־һ£޺޵صƨ
үˡ


144 

Ժ¹ɴĵڵϡ
ԺĬֻ̧ͷ
֪˶ãֻüһůŮ˿̸һ硣
˿̵ҹ󣬻ǻȥɡ
ҡҡͷ
˿һڿˮﻹһ˿һµ˼񣬻һ仰ūŲ֪˵˵
ٿȻתͷ͵죡
˿²˵ˣվ˰ΣҹɫΪһ塣
תͷڵ˵ɡ
˿̹¾͵ūſһ·ʮ࣡ԭͶร֮⣬ūŴԹ֮รˣⲻ־ᣬΪ˵ǰร˵ָ񣬵һѾһˣรҲδκΰ񡪡Ļôȥ𣿡
ӣ
˿һ˫ں۾ݼᶨʵҲ֪รǿסˣգôүǰã
ǲͶҽˡ
˵£϶ʱЩѿˡ
İȻܾʵǺѿġ
รû֮ǰֻһϿรҲܿ£ġ
รѾк
һССĸ񣬶ร˵Ͳˡ
Ȼó裬һӶûʱ򣬶⣬ūžãɱȥรǶкô˿̵
˶٣û˵ڲץԺºλȥ뿿Ҳˣ
񻺻վ˿ΪҪ˵ʲôȴ¹֮£ԼҸתصҾ
˿ͷƺʲô̾һΪԸϽЩɲء
ЦЦЦ¹Գһ˿ҵҲ֪֪ȨףҾʲ
صҲǰ䡣
ҲǰߣʧߵƳ֡
ҲϡҲ
ҶһͬסͬһԺġ
ӣһǵҲˡ
ƫƫͬһıȽϣʼƽ
ˣϲԼͬһߵ˱Ƚϡ
ҿԲӮҲҪ䡣˵ʹˣҲҪҵƳڶǰԲҪ˿̣ôҧ촽
ҧ촽ѾЩˡ
˿̳ĬվԭأֻĴԼҸá
࣬ūŸ񡣡

תۼ䣬͵һβ
ʮµʱรɲɵȾ˷纮Բֹڴ
ǳϦ磬ֻиһ˸İ˹
һг˰⣬¡صĴˣΪ˺ϺƣƵģϵһ㣬һ㡣
ͷҲýġ
Ϊ̫أΪ˱ķգϾѷٵĵúܽԸ۽Ƕקĵˡ
һƵġ
һҲ⡣
Ϧ磬ǴŸԸʱһεʱ̡
ΪÿվڰߵŮˣֻǵո
һԺۣڹӦһ졣
ǰ١ѹڵʱİΪһϵдϯ棬ⲻҪƺ١ϵһݡ
ֻĸˣϯϣǳ˳ԷȾ⣬ԵҲ˸徻
ʵ١ϵ˵ǲİ磬ֻǰڵǰ
ܲǰİĸͲʹ첻ǣ
˰ĸϣȻҲûʲôǰԱߵһУҲЩҲסİ͸֮ͬˡ
˾ƣ尢磬ңңҪİ羴ơ
İ˼ڲˣֻúӣȣδƽЩ
ʵƶˡ
Ͼʰ棬˰ֶЦӭģҲֵ̫ܵӣ̧֣˱յ
Ɑˡ
Ű˼Ȧžƺվİ棬˵Ҫĸһݡ
İԱŵ尢طλȻ;Ű綼ԸȴͬǸƽͺӡ
尢翴ŵɤӣһһĸһ֪Щͷˣǹȥ˵˵ذ˸˻
ĸŮ죬ںϯ棬һ߳Բһ߻ǣİ磬ʱʱתͷȥͿ̫Ӻʹ󰢸Ǳߣĸҵﲻ
󸣽Ҳһ
̫Ȼ⣬Ǵ󰢸Ҳʲã͢ϵƺ
Ǹǰд󸣽ϵԵЦݼûϹ
ĸͿЦƤ鴤ˡ
ʮǱߡť»ϼҲûͣ
ť»ް˴֮һڳеСʮݳΪ߹ʮҲ򵥡
ĸ۰ͰͿǼλԼǰ㱻˷аͽᣬԼ塣
ʱ͸оǰķҲˡ
ĸÿһİ׷ۿ׷žડһ˿ӡ


145 

Ա帣ſţϸϸʵɩôˣ
ʶԼʧ̬ϽЦЦתͷ˰׷ȥˡ
帣òֻͨáϲݡ˸ԲԲ۾ԲͷԲ촽Ҳ񣬿ȥǶغģ
ĸⷬˣǺܹĵصɩǲϲⷹǱ߻и࣬嵭ɿڣҲǲģһЩϻ̻𣬵ʱҪ´磬Ա˶ӿɲɣ
ĸЦЦñŸöЩģ͵úúӣ
帣ԣϢĸһۡ
帣޸尢ʱ䣬ĸһ꣬ǵڣҲûкӡ
ĸ⻰ʵǾеĺû˵˾ñζ·˵Ϊ帣޸ԲŻᵽڣٳºӡ
ƫƫǰ尢縮Ĳรϸոո尢˳Ӻ
帣־͸ˡ
Ȼʹ죬ԼֻūţҲֳܱ
ǱߣҲûʶԼʲôף帣أЦЦѹҲû˼ȥ롣
ǺǢһ
尢Ĳรϸո˶ӣھϯ֮ϣԱ߼Ĳร
֪˭˵һƤ帣Цÿ
Ҫĸһ
ĸţЩĵЩรһԡһϲ̨ĺ
ЩĺһԻ˰ү
ôţתͷһ帣Щͬ帣
ûӣ帣Ҳûӡ
İĲรİĳӣ尢ĲรҲ˳ӡ
ͬ
ĸҪ帣֣һ¿ˮˡ
帣ƺĶ󣬲Цſһϣֹеһȥϣ˵ոճӣʳҪнƣ֮ﲻܶ
ĸԹۡ
Ϊ帣ǰʾãһͻݴȵӣȵ˺ظ뷨Ӹʹӡ
Ͼ尢磬ôܲϣ
Ȼ۲һӣĸŷ֣帣װȣȡϵĹҲǼٵġ
ǱأȻĻ֦չһ帣͸վˣҲˣ帣͹ؾصл˵л帣
帣ǰȥЦеְˡ
Ȼĸ׷ǣϱ֮Χ帣ߣȻ帣¶һСŮ̬ˣ
˵ǲ檣á
ֱȽûף
ĸǳ۱ˣĵ帣Ǹշ˸ģ
Ҳδ֪
ȵϯʱĸһ£Ϳ尢ʱ򣬵Ҳûζ࿴ϣעȴȫ帣ϡ
ĸﶯ˶
˹ȥ·ϣһ·ӻڡ
ĸİĲ˼һ룺ϱ帣òͨĲͨˡ
߻仰˵Ϊ帣ĸһУƾ˵ʣ˵ոġ
Ҳˡ
ӲƯ
Ȼ帣Ȼĵ尢翴ء
ǲร˳ӣҲûк帣ĵλ
ⶼΪʲôأ
ĸá
Ϊϼ򵥺öԸ
һڵո֮ǰȻϰ红ӵĲรټ򵥣ܼ򵥵ģ
⡪帣ǰҲʵ⣬
Ϊѡ
žǡԵ·ˡɣ
ĸ̲ס뵽֮ǰԼ˵ĻҪոλӣѡ͢׷⣬ڷýȢֻҪǸʲôǽǵĴ£׺õġ
ҪİոλӣǾͲˡ
İ羴㣬㣬м㣬㡣
˵ʱ̬ǰ
ĸջ˼Ŵػص
ôһ˲䣬һ˿й帣û帣ôĶҲû帣
ǣ帣Ͼһǰĳɹģ壬ǣ
İǸˣֻҪˣѪ⣬ͻи顣
˵ĸǻ仯ģԱ˵ӡҲǻĹ۵ġ
Ѿˡͻݡ·ˣӲͷƤҲֻȥ
ֻҪ帣ɹģ壬Ŭȥ
žûһ죬İ翴ĺá
ֻҪˣһԸһӡ
ʱŬһոһն⺢ɸĺӡ
ҪԼϵһһչָİ翴
֪ΨһʸվߣƥŮˡ
շ
ĸţսָȻָİһ裬˹ȥү


146 Ϧ

İڿʣӹͺˣھ˵һ䣺ūæɡ
ȻûҲƽġ
ĸԼŵλá
ҹ紵ĳĸ΢΢°ͣ򳵴ȥ
ǵĴ֣һޱߡ
·･̹;
ֻһȥˡ

˱ոǰūǼǰ͸ˣʱһӵϣСӵСӣӵķӡ
İһһ߻˰ѸԺʹͼʱ͹ȥ
Ҳɵӣһİ⻰֪үǴŸϽ͹ȥء
Ͼλʱ޿̲үļϡ
ԺӵӣǺǣֻǸմմˡ
İĻҲ˼ʱͲʹˡ
սԼӣԼ˼帣оֹ
˼İ̧ͷϵɫ
Եá˼һƬڣ̩񰲡
ֵ̻һģȴԳ¼ˡ
İﶯ˶뵽ʵʱѾǿʮĵһˡ
һ˾ӣ
İȻ鷿һѣȻˮûһڣӣǶСԺȥˡ
Ҫģֽġ𡢰ꡢҹȡӣСһ߳Ը㣬һȡů
պİһʮǰһİʹö
һֱûʱú
¿ŵ˳Ϧӣ˵İ˹ǿ϶ҪͲٺöġ
ǸϽǰһյʰʰǼᣬ
ӣ֮öһæˡ
һһǣʱʱĻҪܹȥ鿴Ʒϸڡ
Ȼº˶ͷ϶һϸ
ǰԺʼ̻ˡ
ӣһ߳һ̻
īҲĽ£һţ̧ͷӣС⽡
ӣī۾ôڵϣǰԼĽϡ
īڡ
ʵ˵īۼȻǰԺ鷿ĹͲԺܡܣѾһˡ
İҲī۵˼ˣǾͷԸȥÿ̫಻Ҫܡ
īܵÿν
ӣ˺Сһ̸⣬ͷιīۡȱȵأʳգǷֲܵõֽ⡣
īرϲ̸⡣
ҲֻҸԺٵһЩǸ㡣
ιīۣӣ˳Сͷ׻ǰҲСһؼԼϡ
СĸͷԽԽ
īۺܸܺС⽼һͷȥС⽵Ķǡ
С˳ſţӣһ㡣
ī۶С⽿˺óʱ䣬Ȼ̧ͷӣЦˣﶼǸм֮⡣
ӣٺЦһֻСҿȤԺһ밲İˡ
ǰԺڷ̻𣬴Ͷ񶼱ȥˣİʱһ̻Ϻ
ӣֻһֱһֻЦվһһİ硣
İ翴澰һȻЦˣ԰ī۸ɣҲʡȥ
ӣ۾һ͵棿үϲīۣԺ
İЦžߣӣߵʱ˳־ǣ֣һߣҶӶˡ
ӣΪԼ⣺ү
İݺ£ȴ͸һ˿ίʲôԵģ
ӣһ£Ӧİ׼ڹϯûԱ
ǲȲθڰɡ
ֻ£ƨƨһѣʾԼȥ棬Ȼ͵ҸүɣСʱܺã
İ΢΢һСʱ
ӣһһʱһһ룬֮Ǻܿ˼
İ絹ҲûվصҲˣȥŷһЩͺá
һ˵ţһԺȴ˶öȥԭǴӹʹ͵Ѿ
ҲǰԺ̫࣬İѾɵһĵүеλڲͬ
İȻܵıʹͻ죡
ӣЦŵүôöҲóԵĶү͵ˡ
İЦž͵˵ͷ
֪ӣǺ׻ǶһƬĵģֻԱոŷĿζΪڹеʱûأ
ոŷ˿ɲҲǴϽǴ
뵽⣬ֻԽů͹ȥסӣֵҿ
һöϴ⣬ˮ֣һ߾ͱȥİ翴ĵطͷŴʮտζϡ


147 öС

תͷЦеĿһİ硣
öѾ׼͹ˡ
ӣкõƬտϺ͸ֵϣץȣ˴Լһ㹦
ֻһ㣬ƬȥС̵Źףܿ죬ζ硣
ӣƬ˸棬߶ּ忾
ΪûˣӣһҶˮϴ˺ü飬Ȼˮ΢һ£
ˮ֮󣬿տȻۣٹҶһۣˡ
İڹԵ壬⿾Ѱ˼ҪҪһ׷
ӹ˿⣬ҧһڣտŨŨζʱ
ܲ
ھͳ˺ü顣
ӣԱҲ˵רעظĽ࣬ҲˡôѳϦһҹˡ
Ȼոճ꣬ﴫССԭīС⽣һůԱ˯ˡ
ƺİ˵Ļ֪İ͸ӣ˯ر㡣
С⽵ĹѶһ롣
ֻСë׵İһʮܰ
İ翴˾;⣬Ҳ鷿ˣūˮֱϴˡ
˶һѣˬڴ£İڿӣ֣ԡ
һİ磬żİϵζҲ֪ǲڹ￴̻Ŀˣ϶մȾⱬζ
ϦҹҪڼ̵ģӣҲ⡪һֻĴӣƻ棬ӣĥӣԢ⡣
ſ̨ϣöʱʱضŽšֵأԺķʱʱĹſǸڣʵ̫䡣
䵽һ͹һһİ
ȥָС̫ˣԺһʱģֻСҲԺš
ʢͱȥ෿ˡ
СϴĺʵղŻС̫һʵĴӣϣǲ䡣
ĵƻʱʱЦСӹİûһʱЪ¡
תͷһ̨ۣ϶ö߶µСŮ
СŮﶼСβƵģɵģʲôöǷġ
СӼǲˡ
СѾͷɵģԺӿޣҲ򵥡
ǻ˲รԺֻͱ·ţ۸ĹͷҲʣˡ
ôţͿöȻǺĿļҲˣԺ硣
޴ڡ
ɪɪ
СǸеӣƽʢ£ҲԵС̫չˡ
ҲᱻһһӸ硱ĸںˡ
ʢͽܡߵ˸߿һۣЦӭ
£ĵģֻеλ
Сӿö΢΢һ֣ԼŵĴ
öţ
öۣͿһѸһֻչ߷ɵĴƵģԼ˹
ʶ֣Ͱѱ˸
ްѽ滹¡
Сӳüϰɣ
öѣʱ͸оһůֱ᲻÷ˡ
ү͸棬ҪǳƼԼֻǲ
ıѣеԥСӡ
Сһ۾Ϳ͸뷨ҡҡͷ΢΢һЦҪ
ͿˡʵŮ֮УʶĸչСѾͷġ
һ㣬ԼûƳ
ֻҪСѾͷү˳谮񣬲һӣʲô
öˣСһʵзǽöţ
öһ÷ɿ죬Ҫӿܳˡ
ָ߬һĭͰ͵صáö
СŶһȻûˡ
ö֪Լʲô˼ֻﻶϲƺһִûζͷ
ͷһǧ飬ڹ̧ͷСӾ͵ллӸ磡
ǲûлӦ
̧ͷſСߵԺһ䣬ֱǰƺ΢΢߶
ѹûԼٿһˡ

ϽԶԶȥһƬʣǳϦ֮ҹҹҳҹݣƻ̻ӳϣʤա
͹ոջƣ
ҲʮʮˣϽĴһͨЩ֧Ųס
ŮɴԱߣۣЩϢɡ
ҡҡͷʾŮʹȡ
֮УһȻ⣬ʮγ
ݵָȡһϿ˿ֶŵƻһ˲һȽһ£ЦˣүǸأ


148 һ

ɴԱҲЦʮİİˡ
˵⻰ڴ֮У졣
ȴûӡ
ֻķ壬ֻõԽƵ͸ȥЩӣȵĽ
ɴӦŹȥˣŸոտȣ
ͰѴ¹ˣסͽǵصӿҲкЩˣֻ˵Ҫؾ꣬ҲϺ̫ҽūű˵ˡﲻܺǾƣūϨůǡ
һ߿ԣһͲŵĵ⺢ӣɫڹǼģ񶼶ġǰү˺üΣףƵƵ̫ҽ㱻˵ЩлĲ
ɴ˾۵صӲʣȻ͵ôҽ̫ҽģȻǺ£ɲ˹СĽѵôԼӿүͲô
ԣǳһ˲

طG֪ˣ
뵽ϯ֮ϣ׷ױиسΧ£
Ҳɵӣʱǿĳġ١ϼʵҲͦİǰա
ϾİǰǶǾ˾أ
ֻǰӰˡ
İ˼ģҲֻǸǳȰﻹĻʹ١ϰɣ
١ѻʹȣܸİṩʲôأ
İ类١ѻʹʮ꣬ȴûչ˹İ硣
ιһΪӲһκ
ϻǵã١ѻʹصʱİү档
ϢİϽϻˡ
İһ·ϽÿӱޣһζسС;û
ɼĸӡġ
ˣİ᲻١ѻʹһ
Լ֪𰸵ġ
Ըȥϡ
νģνġĬĬĶԼ˵ĸ֮Ͳͼر
ͼرͲ֮ڿڡ
ÿÿʮİԼϥ³л̲ס֪İǷҲмģ
ĬĬĽƽ˺תֵݸɴ汾ɡȵǶ˹ʱ򣬱ֵָ
ɴӦŽ˹ȥ
̻ãۿҹĻҫɫ⣬ԽԳϵЦį
ƽȻȥױ嵭ţƺۣ֬ʵ϶ϸװġ
ټƤӺãЩɫѣҲʮ߰һ
ôһ꣬üһʱϵɳڸоͳˡ
ˡ
Ҫˡ
ɴﲻɵؾЩѹ
ס˵֣ͷοʮİأʮİһһģ
˰ΣŵԱҪĺһЩϾʮİ绹Сһʱȴϲһ
Ͼֵܡ

ӣԺİֻ˯һʱ࣬ͺūŽźѣ
һһһľ硣
ӣˣԺ۾ͱİ°ȥˡ
վڴߣһſֱۣū̺һ߾;ӸµĿӣ˯
춼ûء
ӣİ¶Щˣȱ˯ߵӡ
ˣصˮϴ
ˮһ˾;ˡ
ӣȻڴϣȴԴţȻʵе˯ˡ
һƱӣҲ˴ˣϴһ³ͿүǱߵˣѾȥŷˡ
ҹԵĳ٣İʵûʲôθڡ
ӣ࣬ʵҲûԶŵζɨһۡ
ֻһۣž᲻ˡ
ۡѦءѣͱ棡
İ꣬һš
ӣĵ֣ȥסİָСظпһ䣺ѵúүһš
İˣһ˵ζ
ա
ͱѡϺֻܽ÷۵н㣬ƽȣϱǺͻƾһֱϱغɫɡ
νġ桱
ΪǶ࣬ﻹζϸϸĴл֭ոնʱ򣬿ûʲôʵر̡
Ϊͻס
ŴоֻˬڣӣܿͰһ붼Թˡ
һůů֭
ζ
İ絹ѵüôϲŷζתͷԸСһ䣬ȥͱŷĸģ
ھȥ
СӴӦߣȽһת۾ȥĲ
öں棬뽫ްӻӶڳ
öҡ
İԵһʱ䵹̧ۺЦӣԡ
С֮ͷ˿ӡ


149 ˫۾

䣬糿ʱ͸ˡ
ڵģ߿ȥӣϾһɫɴһˡ
İȻ˿ӣһʱ֮ȴû
ūֽӣİ˹˲ǣȻӣڷ˿ӡ
һ㣬İ粻֪Ǿ͸̡
ȥ΢Ц
ӣǽӲ죬ȻŷӦİ˵仰ǳ䣬һʾ䡣
ǲǳԱˡ
ӣϽͷ
ūǰŵľͰ³
ӣİ絽ԺſڣתԼֱӵæһЩˣģүһÿգ㡣
һ˵һ۹ӣ
һȦ
ϸ֫
ƽ̹
ӣѹİµذ˻ЦЦתˡ
һι꣬Եļĸﶼ˺ӡ
һ˵иر谮ĸͬ۾ƵģںԺ
ⲻǰո˸Сӣͼ͵Ҫรˡ
ƽʱҲǸģȴΪ¶Щʹ죬˵˼αŤ
𿴶ǻӰ磬ĳϦҹǼ硪ЩҲһɡ

ʱûãСӾͰϢͻˡ˵ͱģŷС̫ʿ
Ȼİ˼Ҳ͹ˣ˵øȿˣǾ⺢ӻɾԺŷרŸʳ
ʿվӣ˼ͷؾصվ
öںţˣ۾ͺСӣߵūŴǰȥŷʱ򣬾ְūʳģ
ӣ˾͵˵ͷ뵽öȷʵÿδŷûʳĶѡĺܲܲ𣬲Ҷۣݵʡ
̧̧־ˡ
ʿ˵İԸ˴ȥԺΪǳʲôһ·϶ĲС
öվЦеĶ˵ͷ֪ûʲô¡
Ҳͷ
һɣ̬Ҳ̹Ȼˣӣͱľϣʿ٩٩̸硰ء
ȡȡȡȡȡͷȣء͡ࡣ
Աߣʼ䡣
ܿ죬ǰһд轻ᡪͿԼҸһ̽еľʵļϸ£档
¡
ʿվ棬Ҳһ࣬ʱش˵Ҫϵʱ򣬻̲סֻһ¡
ӣ͵Ӹ
ʿȻҡ
ӣѹѹ֣ʾ¡
ʿлŵӽǡ
Ȼ
Сں濴ţü
ȵ껰ˣСӹĸӣˣͰ˸ˡ

ӣڳⷽ棬Щеľ񣬸ոոʿˣȥԼĥһᣬڲϼ¼һЩȻŶʵˡ
ŵʱöȥŷû㡣
Ͱ㣬ʱ¨ֱ
Сӹȥ¨Ӵ򿪣ӣֻǰһ£ſһۣͱһβˮӡ
ϽȻͿԼҸЦúܸˣãʣ
õʳĲõζ
һٲ绢֮һĺͱڱ
ӣӹöֽӣ˲ϵĺˮȻֳ˺üС롣
һӣһ߾ͷԸ
⻰˵öġ
ǰöȲĸˣȴûκζ
ӣɨһۣŷöվԱߣһɵطŴԶ˼
ǻһ˿Цݡ
ӣһָ˴ա
ö͵ѹϽ͹µ񣡡

ϵʱŮĲ෿һˮһתͷͿöһ̬ڴ棬ʲô
ʱ˺ģŵ߹ȥһżһɾɵĴްһֻߡ
ЦһֵǵöôˣȻ廨Ĵһ
öһһʹָϡ
ʱһѪȾǴްϡ
öŵһӾˡ
ǼѣŴµϸţо͵⣡⣡
Լϵ˿ڶˡ
һ߰ϵѪһתͷֿ˿ǼްǼѣôôżģ
öҲ˵ʲô嵽һֻС裬ˮֶұѿɺã
￴öˣˣǴްϥ֮ϣһԡ
Ϳöڵϣ֮£۵һСˮУϸϸϴ


150 

ϴòǿѪϴ˿ȥˣȴȻһƬɫĺۼ
ҲǸɵģʱЩƳˣѳУ˿ɵʵҿѣƽģ˵ʵ˭ģ
öһֻƻ֧֧ҡͷ
߹ȥֹסĲӵҲߣСѾͷ
ö⻰һѹЩ˼ˣ̧ͷ㣬ǡǡ
˶Ȼ뵽һգС̫ʿöʿʱһ˵ĸ˵顣
뵽ƽŷ֮ʱʿöչˡ
ʱȻ
ɿ֣˵ͷһЦ翴ˡʮչ˵ġ
ö⻰̧ͷ۾·ϸСǳһ¡
漴뵽СԼֶǲĹâְһ˲
ЦЦͷ飬Ҳδһ¡
һ˵һ߾Ͱѻö
˵ʮֵó裬ŷϾĸԺūŶ࣬Ϣͨ͵ԼҸٶ˫۾
Ҳʲô¡
öЦˡ
ͷϵްԼֽϸȥʪһˮַǳϸ֮·˿ȷѾϴɾ
ʲôʱлᣬѻӸأ

ܿˡ
һ磬ӣöүǰԺ͵ġ
öؾȥǰԺ
鷿֮ŵ̫ˣһһ㡱غš
öͿ̫۽ǵӣһЦˡ
İ粻鷿컹ûͽ˹
öɵؾ͵ĵ
ǽӦһС̫ࡣ
öûмСӡ
ʧʱ򣬺Ȼ˽ﴫϤ
Сڽѵһ²Ĵʹ̫ࡣ
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̫һЦż򣬹ֵӸ˵ǣ˵ǣ
СһתöԺСѾͷ
ΪʲôԸء
СЦеӭǰ뿪ڣȻöͰѻﱧŵһܽӲ۾ҲûҿֻǽͰ͵صǶһطˣҸˡ
СӲһ£ǲҵѡ
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СʾԶһС̫ѽ
С̫Цرˡ
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Сӱǰ˼ȻʲôƵģͷһöЦǶлˣö
һڱö֡
öǿЦЦ

֮ӣڲ˺ͱľ衣
ȻΪ棬оһСȲˡͼۼ
൱򵥡
ҲΪ̫ˣûʲôսԣܶԳյĽʲô
Խ֮ǰӣԶԡ
ϸϸҲֻһΡ
ĶϵҺ͹СĽƣʽֺ֭ÿֺóԡ
ȿԷϣͷҲԵһǰͺĵġ
棬мĿ϶˳־Ͱһƹ˿
ƹϣʵסʱľǣĻƹʮѵãͿˡ
Ϊó裬ӣôһСǿ϶ŷ᲻ػƹϵġ
ӣܿͰˣöһȶȥհ̺ãζһͲɵ
ԼҸϲʳҲϲĿζö֪ġ
ƹ˿Ҳ̫ˡǰһ޴׶˽ȥ
Ҫᵹˣ
öһźӣţһ߾̲סС̫ѽ
ӣոշ»ƹ˿ڳۣöͿҲ˺öף͸׸һ
öƤ˼¡
ӣʵ̧֣ͷһ죺𣿡
öһĭҭһ£֪ôشˣɵɵߡ
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㣡
öͿһ߳ԣһ߾ͰѶҲϷŵһУ˺üȦͽС
嶹ҲҪģ
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ӹ÷ɿ죬߰ת˲ܿ͵ʮ塣
һʵԪеĻȻÿвͬмĿǿ϶Ҫеģⷪ磬ԼʵȺⷪͬͬ԰Ϸ̲ͣʾ衣


151 

ıոҲûţԺæ죬ūǰæ׼ʮԪڵĶҼ㡢ȵȣǰѾװһ¡
İܵòЪǻʱѾҹˡ
ǰ鷿
ﵹЩꡪϾǴģ˵Ѱһ֣Χ¯ҲԺˡ
İæӣҲûüȥ
ǿƽ⡣
˭֪Ԫǰһϣһţİ绹Ǿֱӣ
ϢС̫౾߸ģޢסˡѵȥ
Ȼ˵Ҳ޼£սͣʡĸʹ졣
ԽڣԽԣϻ֪ˡ
ǰЩʳ֪ζˡ
ûϵġ԰οԼʮ塣
ʮϣһҲôһΡ
õĻʰ磬ܲû˹أµոܣȥһ
ԼʱĲ࣬İ粻ῴ

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￴˱С̫һ·ɱ滶ϲر˵үˡ
˵Ķˣ
ϻǲģ̵ķ˱ŷһǣݲȵվ
İֻŶ̤żˣſովӣǰӭ
ĻȣҲһºͳȵЦݣ̫ľϲ
İ絹Ҳûôʧһˣ·˵첻ʲô̫
緽ţһ·߽ūǹһأؿƵĺ˱
С
Ҳرɣ
İôţ;еȤ
ڹ˻ʰ꼸佱õʱ
ʵղſʱһӦû
ǸӺͻݡԵĲ˵ǰιС¼ȫŵľ
İŹöš
ľеˡ
ȷԸūȥˮ׼İϴɿɿ죬Ȼ˰׼õһˡ
İ絹ЩˣһɣЩ
ƻְ۾һȻ˯ȥˡ
湧һ£û˳ȥŷİббϾ˯ˡ
ˡ
ҲûȰϵĻժˣȻźİѥӡ
İ籾˯òôһˡ
ˣЦž͵үŰɣ
İ˵ͷȴûûкԱߵ檹
檹İǰ͸İˡ
˲ٴεģϵľøպã᲻أİڹȥһ죬Щͣʵͦ
뿴ϣӻ˳ȥˡ
վԱߣ檱үȥˣԸһ˫޲Ьź򣺡үŵ̹
İһûܾ˼ϽźŴЬ
ôҲǸİ翴ž͵ɡ
̧ͷϵЦ¿ֱƴȰүˣȴǰ׻˵ӽصöഩЩ
İ籾˵仰ôѵһ˵˼䣬ʱ;Ȼζˡ
һ衱Ҳһˡ
ŵĿζҲƽӹǲóԣֻǲ֪Ϊʲôζصĺܡ
ƩһƬƬѾģֹ֮һ⣬İ翪ʼã׷˼ӡ
Ȼȵζ֮;ôӺӣһߣջǣƫƫѾ˶ǣûơ
İᶼˣ
棬ʼҲһϲӣһ̺ͮͮӼûޢӡ
һڣͱǺ
ūǵİ˺һݻ̫ʢһ롣
ݻˣƮ崼ͶûΣž嵭ˬڡ
ϣȱľǡ嵭
İֻһڡ̫̣ѹûڴ¶ǡ
ֱ߻һ׸⣬Ӳӵģİ羾һ͵ǰǹζѹȥ
գ۾תȥӲᡣ
ϾǸԺϢʣȻֺŵġ
֪ˣζͦء
˵รǶСشӴŷרһ˳ӹȥ
θϴֻн˵Ǵ⴮ʹūȥŷ⴮ˣҪϺһ֡
ʵ治ѧϣรôһƣ;ãԼҲ̫


152 С

һٷ꣬Ҳˡ
İܲס
Ȼһյ²֮İһӲźһ߾̧Ⱦͳˡ
ȻԺﱻһǺѵÿ˼
Ǹղŷһĺ
֪ԼѧϣѧЩʩЧˡ
ûڵòУҲİҪᷳ
İߵſڣͿһ޴ӣڹү
ӸԺİ˸ոջصǰԺ鷿ū˵ǲ˵
İһ˰ѵ
С̫תͷȥк׼ˡ
⵱İͰǰи˵׼һ߿һ߳Ԫ
ūǰʳд򿪣Ҳеɵۡʳһ㣬㶼ǿյģֻһһһԪ
ū漴СؾͰԪŽİ˹ȥˡ
İҧһڣǶɳڵģϸһƷƺֺѰĶɳڲһ
ûô壬ֻһ޵ζ
ζټԪ³Ĺ𻨣øοİ緽ڸԺﱻĳθ
ⶹɳڵճȺܣŴ׷Ƥ࣬ճúܡ
İһĸʱ򣬲ŷһﲢֻжɳԪ
ֻԪĿζ΢ûζƿŴò񻰣ɫģȥҩԽȴζڸϸһһŨ
İ³ԣǶɳˡ
ȻûɫڵԪ
ӣһԪֻһֻԪ
һֱ˯ϴǰİ绹ʱʱػζɫԪζ
üֱеԼ迴д𣿻ʰոλᵽġӳĶԲߣѾ
ʲôԳԳԣ

ڶʮˣȻҪȥִС綼࣬鷿ҲҪš
Ƿ
ӣ˼Сİ翪ĵҪİ磬һʰ̫һⷪǸ̫ӦȺ
̫ɻ˶ЩŲסˡ
尢Ƣº͵ˣһ죬ҲЦóһȦ࣬Ÿ켸ҹû˯Ƶġ
ֹ˼죬ʱİڵ˿ա
Ҳô࣬˸鷿ûأֱӾӣˡ
һûͦ˴˵ģ棬˵˺һỰȻİ뵽ԵɫԪ
׻ûסӣʲô
ӣţɵˣȻһ⡪⣡ԼԵɿԪһ˸İĶɳԪȥˡ
ͺˡ
ΪɿԪԭڿռóɿ
⻹ǰΰ۰Ͱ֮ģ˹Ҳûˡ
İɿ
ʮζİ̲סޣ֮䣬֮⡣
ӣźǺЦ
İ翴ֻЦ˵Ϊء
Щˡ
ǰЦо͵ֻһүԸδϽ𣿡
ֱ
С
ӣĵĺ«ԭġ
ҲаȷʵЩͦû
һȥͱסİ
İʵͦٳǸɫԪ˴ɷս֮ڿڡ
Ӳѻ̻ȥˡ
İ粻˵ôڴϣ΢΢Ŀһ
һ㹦Һѣһš
֮ǰЦŶ˵仰
Ȼû˯ãͳƳˡ
ӣͿ°͸ź硣
ȻЩæûЪ
ȻֻںԺȴҲ֪ӹࡣ
İһ۰˸úõأҲûŤҲûìʲôģôúõĺȻͲأ
Ҳ֪ضǹ鲻ˡ
ҺİദˣӣͷʵǸرʵڵӡ
˵İҪⱾ鿴꣬һҪǰȫ꣬ҪÿһҳϱǣһҳƤ»Źһķˡ

ٱ˵ʱЩ裬ûӰûȥԲߡ
İͻõĵ죬ҹ˯ˣо͸ݡ
̤ʵϽһϽȻǺ¡
ӣáĺ«ʵе̫ġ
Լһ
ӣôţ;ˡ
ĬĬŵߵſڣһʾŮǽƻյİ˯øһ㡣
Ȼöһָָ֣䷽
öᣬһֻСƵģְӣһ³װϣԼҸ䡣
ӣ׼Ǹĺ«һɿԪ


153 

ɿԪֻҪɿ̳ɿ֮󣬷ŽŴ׷
Ȼת裬ɿعС
Ŵ׷һһĹȥһֱﵽϣĴСȻͻɿԪ
Ȼ׼¹ˡ
¹ҪˮΪˮʱŴ׷۲̳͡
ӣһһ߾ͺȻθе㷸ġ
һֻ֣͵θ϶شһ¡
õˣöһյˮ͹
Ϊ´̼θöˮˮһ£͹
һ˿ҲûУСԺﾲĵġ
֪˯˶ãİ΢΢һ˹
һۣһӣϵѾͻ
İְѼͿѹѹһƬֻһŵһյСơƻ𼫰Ҳʲôô
Ӿͳˡ
ƻİ۾һ̣ʶļֵ̌ס˹ߡ
ӣѾɿԪˣö棬Ͱѱյ
İ绹ΪǶɳԪأ˵⼸ԵĶ𣬾ⶹɳڵȵͣҲˡ
ӣͷϸϸһ㺹һ¾ˡ
ҨһͽУİŷһԵɫԪ
ζɬдһִۣſɬŨζ
Ҩŵӣǰ
ҲԵ㡣
ӣһ̧ͷͿİڵƻ֮£Цؿ
һ߳ԣһ߳ں棬İ˳ھӣôģ
ӣڸղ³ʱ˶Դʱһĺ˵˵˵úǼһЩεҩġ
ΪĹϵζʵ԰գúõġ
Ĳãѹζɲˡ
ȫƾԸҲƲס
İ˾룬ѹһҩζп𡪡ԭ滹ҩ
һ˾ͰӣʢɿԪȫˡ
ӣǱԵôӾˣĵ벻İԭɿء
ţӣ;þе֧ŲסǻΪԪġ
תһ롪ǰ񶼺õĺܣڲ꼸ɿԪ
ô۳أ
ƤҲˣԴһһµ
İ籾뿴۵ģǿӣ·˯ǻдȾһҲˡ
ǷҲСĻӣǺԺС񣬸黹ҪڽһС
İ纰ūˮźӣϴԡ֮Լ鱾ū˱īֽ⣬ֱӾ͵ȥˡ
ĵƻȫϨİ˼ӣúϢ
һյ裬ʱͲӵĸ֡ȱԵһ߲ݡ
ǵطСЩ
żڻĴ߶ﲻӣݣЩۡ
ȵԺӣǻкӵġ
ʱ򻻸ͥԺԼҲһЩʡÿδǰԺ鷿߹Ǻóһ·
¶㡣
ӣ˯öҴ˱ӽǣŵģ׼˳ȥԸ˵һҪˮ衣
ӣ˵仰صһ£һǶҪţҪġ
öһ£漴ͷӦˡһůŵöˣء
ȥˮ裬˻̺
վԺڽСӣСӣС飬˵أһתͷͿö˱յ߽ݡ
ΪǸڿҪȲ裬Ҳûô룬תͷԸ
ݣ߼öһһƹȥеˮӣ񡣡
ӣӾˡ
һθﲻĸо͸ǿˡ
ͷҲκģתȻڶģܸоƯơ
ڴϾ͸תľһ
ָоǰֻзյʱŻ֡
ӣüͷҪɱǷ˰ɣ
һƬİ֮УöҲϵı飬ֻҪ´
ֹ׼ӣ
ӣ˰֣Լֽӹˮ衣
Ĺ֭Ӻһʵθ

öԱ߾СūŰѷۺǶùˣĲҪһѽ
ӣȹ֭ȵһûˡ
һ֮·ŵ֮ϣ˲ǡ
¿Ժú˯ˣ
öںڰؾͳȥˡ
һֶ裬ֽȲˮźӣ˸ڡ
ԼҸˣöŵķʣȥſˡ
Ժﻹڽū飬һǻ
أĵĵʡ
öִܸԺػشź˯ˣ
ЦЦ͵˵ͷ

İǱߣȵеۣѾǱ׼ҹˡ
صӣ˴֮󣬸ոͷûأ͸оӣԱŲһ¡һλá


154 

İ㻹û˯ţ
䣬;һůӣֻС˹סҵүء
İһƣȦŵ˵𱸵ɵӣ
ӣԺľ͵˵ͷ
İҲ˵ʲôʱŸоԼµı춼Ⱥġ
ȵȱѡ
̾һ΢΢һȣ˴βӡ
İůֶ࣬ʵǲôⶫġ
ΨһӡԼԼľǺСʱˡ
ʱ١Ͼ϶ϣӡ
һڴм䣬һڴβ
һ˯öůġ
ʱǱЩֱҪˡ
İ뵽ʱ£΢΢ǣںڰ¶һ㯵΢Ц
ӣʶĹ˹ԴһЩ
İ°͸ӣͷϣСһţŴҹżš
Ȼһ˸ŮĴ

ڶ죬˴򡪡˳ǸǶƽ
֮ร
ร겻ӳϦ֮ǰ˺һֱûкãԲֹ
ⲻһֱڣһˣ˿ת
Ҳֻǿһ̲ҩֻ˵ǺаϮƤëڷΡ
оǷǿ˵รſġ
ʵſġֻ͡˷ſģ˼⸮รȥ
ǿɾͶˡʲôˣʲô¶пܡ
รܲܿƱ˵Ϊ벻รԸ⡣
һ˵Ҳֲϡ
รһ£ζȳˣ˵ҲɳˣǴ̵
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İǶŴˣʢҲŴǰԺȥػ
İ˼䡣
Ҳ֪ͺSںԺӣ
İ뵽ǣ㲻ζรϺõҩȻ˵ȥҪθ񡢹ƽ
İﶯ˶Ȼ뵽ร˺дȾԵģɱรǶְѲӣϡ
ϾӣǸС壬ģôܿסأ
İôţԽƶԼ뷨û⣬ھͷԸôһβƽˡ
´˵
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⼸ҲûĸԺū˵ġ
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һӾΪİ粻รˡ
飬ͨ͹ҪͣȥİѾ˱ʣæ¶
һС
Ҳʲô
ʢЦĹ׼ˡ
԰ҩ͸İˡ

ԺϢ˵ǴѾ˸ţȥˡ
΢΢һ
İĽ˸λһֱıոҲֻԺŮճƽ
ֵ˺һᣬޢһĺ⼱Ҵҵؽˡ
һʹҴһѣ໥˴ơ
Ϳʮָøܲһ
Ƕȥɡ̧ͷΧŮ
ۿˣޢҲûţһ߹ȥϰԵ渣ϲյʰˣһѹ΢΢һЦ͵รֻǵ֮ǰòˡ
̧Ƥ˻ޢһۣڹ꣬ɲǿô
ޢϽԼգū˵ˣֻǵ֮ǰòˡ
ЦЦȻ̾һԴһ˿㯣ֻõô죬Ҳǲá
ޢϽ˵ǣһƬġο˵รӼЩһֻԣҲǺõġ
Ƥ΢΢һ£ЦŵôȥүҪS͵ġ
ޢվԱߣתתӦɲǣСǵĵնҲýСǣ
Ŵ΢΢̾һʵǲϲǺӵģͬһ㡪ʮֵĽԣ
Ǵͺˡ
ֹɡ
һ˫ĵﻹܴЩС
˿žۣʮּĸ
˵ЩҲǱθġ
Ժ֮УԼĸûи߸ߵλ֣С밲ؼһ֮
ϵŮһзִ磬ֿɰ
θԺ֮С
һһСӵϣȻʹ˸硣

תۼֹգӣ֮ڡ
ӣӴԽ֮Լ˱ֻСţֵµӣûκζ
Ǻǰһ̰ȥЩˮ衣
һݹȻٵ˰ɣ
ӷǧʱ۰


155 ұ

ôһûڣӣҲͲˡ
ﱧӽ䣬Ҳˡ
Ȼ뵽ϴζĺͱ棬ӣַԸöȥŷá
ʿͱģһҪԺͱˣʿʹ˻ı£롣
һȦлһ廯ټϱ飬öԱ߶˺üڿˮ
ʿ͵͵ľ͸ʢһС룺ĿζȳһЩ
öĲУסҡҡͷҵȰѸͻȥ˵
ʿЦЦͰˣҲûǿ˸С̫࣬öʳУȻͰͻȥˡ
ԺöͷԼҸѾˡ
ȥ䡣
һ֮ʱӣԾһ߿ů裬һ߱С档
һС⽱ϣī۾żˣΧӣסȦȦת
ӣʼΪīҲҪױٸ߸ߡ
ȻīҲ֮ŷ֣ī۲ͣС⽱
С⽲ܡ
رƿöʳоͻˣӻûأͱζͳ˳
ӣͲһڣ
öź꣬׼ˣӣӣ˳ھ͵ô룿
İ⼸æúܣǲġ
ҾֶǵֳԵĲźá
öҲʵһ£̧ףʵʵĵŷˣūŵʱ򣬾ô롣
ӣŶһҲû⣬͵һ˳Բô࣬һȥ˰ɡ
ö߸˵ĵͷӦˡ
İ縮Դīӣ֮ӣ蹷ʡ˺ܶ£ÿֱһιֻСˡ
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ıжɰˡ
ӣмοˣЦöۡ
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Լһ
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ԸūŰһֻܣȻ͸ųȥˡ
վȮԱߣ˶ɵˡ
Խ֮ǰӣζӵһֻԼСڴԽ֮ӵС⽡
īۡ
Ȯᶼˣ
Щèèĵ޸УĹС⽣ɲԼҸһġ
ЩСȮ飬ǰҧ˸
ĵڸǰ
ӣĶ˶ž˵뿴С
Ȱ˼䣬ûʲôãֻùȥ̫˵һ¡
һ̫ͱһֻСƹ
СɰСС͸ɰˣӣͿֻСƹúͷԣĽųС̫Ļһ˿ӡ
ϲĲУԶ֣ұ
С̫ǸóҲҶ˵ʲôȥͰСƹݸˡ
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öԱߣӣһԹϲĲУʱ㲻ӣ͹סСƹˡ
޵һţ
öЦ춼ϲˣСƹ͹ȥԼҸ
СƹĽУ۵ܼˮȻְԼĹСצצ
ӣ۾Ҳɴˣֶֻ֪ôС
ʵ˵ʵûСġ
ʱС⽱ʱҲС̹ˡ
С̫ˣԱͼӴ׵˵˼䡪˵С̹۾û죬ʱأ
ӣĵȻﻹСʱɰ
Ƕ԰ϻʲôĹȻˣСϻͻͷԵģÿɰѽ
ôرСƹ˺һȻŰС˹ܹ̫ࡣ
ȥ·ϣӣȻͶ˶ԺСС
еС̹Կˣ
ȵİʱӣͰѰȥС̹˵һ¡
ôһСţſһһĲ豭ʵҲܷŽȥġ
һ߱Ȼһ˵İ˵üɫ裬İҲžЦˡ
ôôϲأ
ĺףȮƵƶˡ


156 

˶΢һЩתůļҲˡ
ӣϽ̫͵޹̲Ҫˣ̫Ӻʹ󰢸Ҳ١
İҲƵ
ӣͷС⽱ˡ
Сԭһֻ˳СģںȻθںܴƢ꣬Һö
ߣĴεкüζԺȥ
ӣΪС⽿ȮĶҪȥͬ顣
СӸ˳ȥͼСҲûǶȥֻں԰תƣܵˮߡ
СӾСˮϽС⽸ˡ
Сһֱץ˼ӡӡ
С⽱֮ӣȥҩСˡ
Сſӣϥϣʵ˲٣ҡͷβģǺܲ
ӣе㵣ġȻô꣬ɱɣ
ôţȥȮҿС̫ˡ
С̫ˣ£ǰС˫ֱ˹ò˳һëС⽷ϸƣ͸ӣˣϲЦտǻأ
öŲյԱ߳էȻһ⻰ͷһ漴ŷӦС̫˵ǹˡ
еɥȴԼҸǳˣ۾ҲˣվС̫ࣺģ
ī۴˽ҲĬĬؾվС⽵ԱߣͷͷС⽵Ķͷ
ӣһӾˡС⽶ﻳī۵ı
̫ˣǰ컹ԺҪС̹ͺˣ»ˣ
˵ĲУС̫Ҫע飬С̫Ҳȫ˵ˣĩֵﻹȱЩūȥȮЩ
ӣͷ־Ͻȥˡ
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ζ̼˿ˮֱ
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İ糢һ;úóȻóԣζδҲ̫һЩ
ӣ³ˣǴûʧֵģôᣬѵûв
İôţ¿ӣһԱߵȻһ̧ͷͿӣˮȡ
ͷ̧

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ʢһ⣬λүǻϲʱ䶼ˣ
ϽȥЦȸİ͸ϲȻ˵Ѿˡ
ôϵģȥﴫҽҲǲܡ
ٻЩˡ
ǵ죬Ҳһûˣֻ˵ǸϵŮͳһһӡ
ǿ϶Сˣҽ޷Ǿǿ̥ҩٿעˡ
Ҳһ
İƽһЩ֮ҲͲǿ
˻ˣ־󲽵ȥ
滶ա


157 Ũ

ӣԴʶİûôĵء
Աߣո˵һ䣺үͱİ簴ס˼
СȰӣﾡǳ磺Щģ
ӣֻʵʵͷͿİͷԼ촽ŵģȴЦ
Цⶼ۾͸ˡ
ԼĸСǶƽƽģûκζ˺һС
һİС
İ翴ӣͷϻëƤ磬ŴŴһţüۼ䡣
һģﻹиСġ
ĹѪ
ţ;Ķᣬһ̲ˮ
үȥϢİһ˵һ߾׼ӣᱧ
ӣʶؾ§סĲӡ
ȻӾڿˡ
õĽУ˿ˮôһʹӣļϻˡ
ں棬ϽͰһѽסˣžͽݡ
һ·ϣӣСں໵ؽУ̲סͷһۣͿС⽾ȻֻվȻֻСǰצҾһ
ϲϲѽʺģ
ӣӲӣȻڱﲻסˣİЦ˳
뵽һȮʱǿЩСĶġ
СǱĬģҲͻ˰ɣ
İ籧Ҳ֪ЦʲôݣͰںıϣһİһſҶ
ӣź򣬵İڴرһɷ˵ؾסϸĽ
ȻҪ˳ָ廨Ьˡ
ӣһϽڴϾ͵үͺãͺã
İ絹ûм֡
Ͻ̺ԼҸѡ
ȵӣʱİŷԸūȥ׼ϴԡˮ
ӣҴȺıֻ¶һ棬Χ͸ķ϶İѹסˡ
ԼеС·һ
ڱ˻ֱۡ
Ȼͱİ簴סˡ
İͷЦеĸӣշ˵ģͷСԲɰˡ
̲סСӣһһָᣬЦž͸пֲӣһֱûԭǲѣһˣҪүһϲ
ӣЦŴ񣬿ŽбϸϸĻơǶӶรĺԢ⣬ܵĻƣһۿͷԺĺӡ
ȫڵ
İϲӣۣɵӡ
ãȻŽִӱһ˽ȥһ֣һ߻ҴҴãԷֹȥ
ڱһ£ӣ֪İ˼ͽԼֵݹȥˡ
ֻڱͲסˡ
İϵ΢΢˳ȴûзſֻǽơ
۹Ҳ·Ҫĵȥ
ӣڱŽţʶһ촽ﰵֹĺ«ҰҪһ
Ȼ뵽ĸ֣ͺȻˡ
ʱϾǿ䣬Ҫ̥λ̥󣬺ûʸ
һŹأȫ⺢ծģծˡ
ο˵ʮʹʹޱȡ
ˣ
ӣԽԽȻˡ
Խ֮ǰҲһѹʱ򣬾Զ
Ұ˵ǸиԺ³֮ܲǰôˡ
кЩˣʱöԱ߸Ŵ֡
һֻСӣͷָö
һЩ򵥵Ĳȣöĳġ
İ粻˵ͿͷϵСŮӣһ˫۾ӹת
üͷҲˡûпҪӣȴ޲˻ڻġ
ӦǺ˰ɣϾӣԼҲǸء
İ뵽͸ˣӣգͺ໥˰߰ο£ӽүֻҪһ˿գ㡣浽һգ빬õ̫ҽ
ӣȻͶһ¡
ʵղʲôû˵
һü
İѾ֪ں¡
Ϊ֮𣬶ֻһССĸ
ʹܳ裬ҲûвԹɫıҪ
ֻʱʱǣһˣŻ΢۲ϸ¡
һίһѹ
ӣر۾ԺȻֳǰһĻĻ
İе飬һĻĻԺ
ʱ鷿ȥ۵ģԼе᲻ߣǾ̫ȥ鱾ˡ
ȥͰˡ
ڸƣװȥӡ
ȥĮ֮ǰ幫

ӣȻ;ۿеȵģĺ«ǶԼܺõġ
ܶϸڣϸѡ
ʱ򡪡ѾŨ


158 ֮

İ翴ӣ۾û˵Ϊˡ
ŮҲ̺ϴˮ˽
öһһҵľͷӣ
İ΢΢һ̧ۣͿöڸϣЦ
СѾͷ˵̶̲סЦһϲ
İҲ֡ϲ£ǸȫԺūŴͣ
һ֣ôһ˵ūȫˣ˸߲ҵشл
ϴԡ֮ӣšԡ
һεĿ
ڵ˯ǰһ룡
Ա˯
İ˵һ£Ҳû̫Ͼ˸ӣضɿڡ
İǲͬҹġ
˭֪İ绹˼һ£Ȼһɸֵʲô棿
ӣһӾ֧ӣҪͱ棬ֻҪǸ

ŷʿͦ÷ֱ
֮ǰ
ʿֱһһɫĴл
һȺС̫Χߣһ۳Źֳ˳Ľѡ
İߵˣ˵Ҫͱ档
˵Ҫʿġ
˭֪ѽ
ٹ⣡
Աߵŷܹܡ̫࿴žʮЩۺ졣
Сã
ҲǶյˣټİ۰ʲôɽ亣ζԲôͿСӵأ
˵ǰӻд˼䡪˽еԺʴ˺öء
̫ʵ̫ϣֻүԺ̫곤ôһꡣ
Ϊ֣ǾͶһϡ֡
ȻǸܹܣۺԼͽܣδʧ˷ͳ
̫Ŭϲ¶ɻﻹ͸ζСӼӰѾˣָأ
ʿոմӹ̳һ⻰תˣ˫ֽϣʦ̵ĺá
⻰˵ĵû꣬ʿĸСѿƵģոսŷѧĵڶ˾Ǻͱ档
ȻԸͦдͷԣĥ˺þ棬ڳԳһɵĿζ
ʱ̫ҲǸܹܣ˵һЩʦͽꡣ
ôţ
̻ͽܣʦ
̫һţһ߾
ʿʼձϹϾվǰ
ָͷԵ̺ˣ΢΢Ų⺢Ż˵ء
̫̹һЩ
ȥɣӺ﷢һǵĿڴƤ¼һ˿Ц⡣

԰С·ϣʿͷͿ˿Լָ̳һȦˮݡ
ۣ
ӣ˺һĶ
ŷʳУܹˡ
Ϊᷭ·ϻܡ
ֻܿ첽ߡ
ԵһЩʱ䡣
İǶû˵ֻ΢΢ü
ŷŵ͹ˡ
ʿǰ棬˼ȥ˰졪Ƿ̫ൢʱ¡
ָ߬Ǿʱ˵
µͣҹ䣬ūϴĵɪɪ
ӣʵڿϽʹû£Ҫˣθڻûȫأ
תͷͷԸöźꡣ
ˮǿʳû̫ࡣ
⻹һѡ
ӣӣͳһڡϤζ
һӾı۾
İԱ߿ţϲԣǾͷԸʿԺҲŷˡ
СԺ¡
Ҳ䡪ʲô͸ʲô
ӣҲͦС̫ĳգ㲦㲦
ԺӣֻҪ죬ָһ£ܳԵԵԴʳ
ҲͲͷˡ
İôţתͷӣΣ
ӣ룬ͷˡ
İֱӸˡ
ôһˡ
ŷʳĶöСӣСÿȥġ
һ˵ʿ붯ʲôֽҲɡ
οֻˣýݡ
ݵĶҲͳʲôӡ
ʿͨ͹޴룬ȻʢһѣŷӦͷлܸ棬ūȫҵ컯ūлүĶ䣡лʶ

ڶ磬յϢˡ
ϢʱԼͷһһ˿
ˣ
ϵ滳ˡ
ȻΪѾ׼ǵķǰʱЩסˡ
ū֮󣬸첽߽ݣڴϱᡣ
Ѿ˵ó裬ټӣΪรֻӵ顣
˵Ĳรͺ˵檻Щͬġ
˵檾檣μǰһӶֱͦϥǡ
˲һ
รĵλС
˵ĸȷʵǵһЩֻҪүϲָ⡣
ټ˸к
ร֮
뵽ǸѾһһŮร
Կ۵ļҪѿˡ


159 ʱ˵ı

ӣǱߣ빬̫ҽ֮˵Ҳ֮ǰĴࡪ˵һ̥ĺȹ̣үصģٿЩ̥̲ҩúžС
ΪոԺĸˣȥһˡ˵ȥ
ǸϵʱԹˡ˲̲ҩƷ
ӣ;ȷʵݹˡȻ򵥵ķʽҲһƽװ
ΪںʵůѻЩӷס
Ҳֲסһɫ
ڸǰؾصɫׯأˮһ
ӣһ̧ͷ;áƺһˡ
һҸģģ**˵
Ȼ;һС

ʹͣȥǰԺ鷿ˡ
İڿ顪ӣ̫Ӷʱ䲻٣ʱҲдȽһ
ʣµʱ䣬ȥ͹밲
ʮİһ壬˵ǳϦ֮ʱүʹ͵ģֵһһ顣
ʮİʱ򣬵ϹѾǿˣںҲվ˽Ÿ
ΪˣʮİСʲôöû
ǿ壬ںľһ
Ūˣȥ͸ִڲˡ
İԥһ£ΣûôԶָİ
Ͼ⺢Ӹס
ͿطGĬĬˡ
У¾У
ֻҪסֵܣԶҪСʮġ
κκδۣһҪᶨվһߣά档

ǰԺ鷿ƻ֮£İǿ壬ĬĬţ˵ˡ
İ˵Щ⡪һ㶼Ժʲô£ҲǻūǰԺ
ôԼܹ
øİ
ʢӭ˳ȥ
µһ·˽һֱߵİǰ΢΢ϥ˸񣺡ү밲
һ˵һɨֱװĽС
İ΢΢žઽӺˣԱơ
Цŵүȥãһжá
һ˵һ߾ͰԼȥʲôҩģһһģȫ˵һ顣
ʢԱţĵشƤİĲһۡ
ү˵£Ҫˡֲص㣬üëһץ˻ûʱ
Ȼûʶһ㡣
ԹԵ˵
ڸһ˹֪ͷ£ȴ֪̫ԩ
õӣǶģȷʵǸո˿ⷿĺöٻǽʱ򣬹Ϧ磬ʹġ
İ뵽ӣĺӣ̲סʹǴЦˡ
ɫҲˣĵ˸ĳƪۣͷΪ㣬ˡ
ȵľ䣡
仰İðһȦˡ
ûкӣոʹ֮
ƫƫǱԺϲ
ҲʹȥطGٳֺԺһС
಻ף
ϵĺãոҲոĺá
΢΢ָ߬šеͺͷףֵõġ
ֻҪ㹻ģũĴգһ˶۵һ졣
ʱˡ
үϡ
СĿ˿ڡ֮ǰר֮裬ڻУû̺İˡ
İꡭ
طGû˵תͷʾʢȥý칬Ķ
ʢܿȥˡ̫Ӹʹͣһ
İ翴˵һ۾֪̫ӣס
ʢ͵ǰˡ
үǡ˵϶ˡ
˵ȻǵոȻӹʹͣҲйһ㣬֣ⷿ
İʹʲôöʱ򣬻ء
ޢ˺ӹл˶һˣȻûǸղʵ⡣
İʹͣһǾ࣬Ҳжס˼
ôʶȤİЩôˡ
úԺɡ
ҳһƤһ£ĵ
⻰˼ǡôô
ǸɵģʱҲİе㲻ͷ
ޢҲڱϳӣ͵͵ͱĸ첲⡣
ֻˡ
ǰԺԺţתȣͣ˽Ųûޢźţѷʹ͵Ľд˿
һ͸
ժ»ףոȴͣ˶
ϾİĶأ
ժǰϸز˲ġָź֣صһֻ¹ϸ˿ִԼ
ƷģϧߴЩ
һ֣ͻֱ֮Һãûȥ
ܴ

ӣԺ⼸ֻˡ
θƽӼ֮󣬵ڶһ磬ȴǵһϲġ


160 ϧ

絽ʲô̶أ
Ƕ밲ûüȥ
˲ԼСÿһġ
ӣȻʶһ¡ʵθϢͨˡ
Ժˣ˵ˣҲ˺
ڵ˸·ɣöܽˣʸʲô
ʿ
ʵʿ֮ǰӣãʱһʿȻͷ֡ŷ˹Ȼӡ
Ǻͱ棬ζĲʽʿúܺá
һǿرǿֻҪӣϸͷβ˵һ鲽裬ȫסֺ
һ˿ӣһİ׷
óԵ
ӣǣÿźʿԼĥһĲȣȻʱԱ߼šӶ֪ԺĶøĽĶüǿ
С̫͡رиʶ
ʱİؾ֪ͨˣ˵Ϲӣš
ӣۿ̫ɽҵȣòײ˶
İԺӵʱ򣬻Щ˵ǰ˰ոһ̸飬Ͱʱˡ
ӣһ˵ǰ˰磬뵽ʷλҵ³
ͻһ
İ־ʣȴ֪ġɵӣֻһֱȲһֱš
ȻһʣȻӣͳһС⡣
Ŷϰںˣڵš
ʹǰͬţһˡ
һһС
İ۵ؾ͸˵ԺˣҲôɵš
չ˺ø񡣡תͷͶԸ𱸵˼
ŵһ¾ͷȥˡ
ӣȥʢԼİߡӦԶİһӣ̫Զ
Աߡ
ӣԼ֣ͿİҲ˵۹ԼϴתȻĶӡ
·̫СʲôءӣС˵
İЦЦ֪
ӣˣȵһߵβʱ򣬺Ҳͳˡ
Ҳ˵ȵ´ʱ⣬϶ˣܱűһ̻
ݱϾǸ񡪡Щ¡¸һֱӣӵ⡣
Ҳûܵ顣
ӣǰ컹û뵽һ㣬Ȼ뵽ˣбһ˿־
Ҳˡ
үһ¾߬İ֡
İһֻſӣֱֻסˣҲͽӷˣֱôˣ
ӣһ¡
һ˲䣬﷭˺ü뷨Ǿİֱ˵
ӣԺɣ
ס֣ͷ
İһ£ûӦ
Ȼһ˲׹ĵġ
һɵӵı飬ȵһۣ漴־Լ̫Щɵᡣ
΢΢ת˹ȥ
Ȼİȴᶨص
ǵĺӣȻԺġս֣ᶨ˵
ӣôһ˵һ˶Ц˿ӣǰС⽡
İԱ߿ţȴûʲôθˡ
뷽ӣ˵仰Ȼе㷳ơһô
ٰ谮Ͳûˣ
Ȼĺӻ᲻᲻Լ
ѵһĳ谮ȻôһĶû
Լ̶ܳȫûһѵʶ
İţʶȥɸֵӣһġ
ȵȥˣӣײϵƹһȦϸСë־ڰжһ¡
ӣΪİҪͷء
һ߳С⽣һ߸߸˵İԴһľͷȥˡ
İֻ̾ϢһԴ˺һᡣ
ŵǣ̲סҲȥˡ
ɰСŮӣôϧ
Ȼ뵽ӣǾ仰İʶһص㡣
Ժĳ谮Ҫ
Ⲣζ־ͿԱ谮Ĺâȥ
ԡ
ǸԶȲϲรݹء
ǱȲรһȣǿܻбոߺӵķա
ǰŮˣӦ֮հร飬̡
ҹ˵ʱʢһţһֹ
˾ˡ
ʢͲˣУ̺İѾţ
ſڣĶ˺üΡ
ȻڵȵİԸˮ
ˮҲҪϴԡˡ
İ粢ߡ


161 һŵ

Ľбϣʢ
ӣӶպɰ˺һתͷİ绹ڿ顣
İŲ˹ȥ
ϰ˺һ˯ˣҲҪһġ
İתͷһۣͰˡ
ŲŲһ־Ͱӣ§
Ȼ§ţҲƽʱôܡİСûĶӡ
ӣԼĶӣİҲ˹סơ
˵ֽһ
һƬ֮Уӣ̾һ˵үӹĿá
˵ûʲôĲΣİҲϰ񣬴ʱںڰתͷӣĲһ˲΢Цһ¡
ͷԼصǡ
ӣû˵˰죬İΪ˯ˣԼҲ׼˯ʱȴС˶ֹһ仰Ҫһֱôȥͺˡ
İһʱû˵һᣬڲٹĶӣһһ㽫Ų˹ȥӣ޼أȫӵԼĻ
߳ĬǣȻֻ˵˼̵һ֡
Ҳһŵ
á

ӣǰ±Ƚʣ£ﲻ֪˶ٻء
ҵľ¹£ԻܳԵġ
ﲻԼҸԻʣͶء
ӣϲġζζ߲ܡ
¾Ǽ򵥵һˣҲūŵһСӴȻպŴ׳ԡ
ÿһӶˡ
Ե˺棬ʿͰӣķԸĴֱӷһС޳ϡ
ȡá
СθҲܴǰһ˯رϲӸߴ±ı
ӣԸ˼ˡ֣ôӸΨֲ
˵⻳УӣеĽСˡ
С̫࣬˵С⽵ֻ£һת۾͹ȥˡ

ܿˡ
ѮʱС˳һСһֻ
СҹģһǰҲûУʱԺȥ
ӣ׼һѶһû
СԺ󣬾ſڹֱʱöڵһˡ
С⽸ö棬Ӳŵӣǰߺҧıϡ
ʺģĺӣ
໣
ӣĲУԺľ;ñ»Ȼһ۾ͿöűӣöһɨͿС⽺ڴǰ۾ؿ
ҡβ͡
һı顣
ӣһӾʶСˣ
򵥴ѣһ磬廨Ьȥ
￴ĵһۣӣʶĵĸ⨺ң
ֻСֵ˴˼ȥ۾û໵ģƺѰĸ׵**
СվԱߣβͶ˦Ŀˣ̧ͷӣЦ
Ȼһ飬еվȡ
ӣϽȥˡ

СĿ죬һС䣬һ䣬ʮңСǶʼ۾ˣֹһӣҲˡ
ȵʱСǵ֫ˣС̫о飬͸ӣ˵СǶ̵ʱˡ
С⽴ǰһúöӣ裬ȴ벻ľְÿ춼վڹԣСǡ
ӣ˭Ҳýӽ
һ
İ磬Ĺʱ򣬾ͿӣҲ˯һŶӣһ˿ڹǰŲӺСһŹǡ
Ķˣ
İ絽ߣӣŷ֡
СһİˣԼıһֻһֻؾͲؽˡ
㿴
ӣЦЦİ硣
İ磺
װеССգӣ˵ۡ׻ûװһ̾ƹˡ
һߣڴһض
ӣܺ棺үô͹ˣ첻óȥ𣿡
İƤһãү㲻𣿡
ӣһ֪ĺ«Ҫ˳ëˡ
˳ֽĲյֵݸİ磬ЦеصãȻãҿүˣ
İ类ôֱ׵һ˵΢΢Щ졣
ţ
ӣԹԵ֮󣬾İƽˣ̫ҽ˵һжõúܡ
˶٣Ȼͻתӣӣˣ
ӣ뵽̾ˣ
Խ֮ǰİ裬
İ˼ʵ˵ӣ˽
֮ǰҲûͷֻ̫æѹȥˡ
ӣУڹ尢˵˵⻳еŮӣڸһԳһԺ
Ȼͣ׻˼ˡ
ټϻڼвҲʮ˼ҵġ
˳ƣǱкô
İžͼˡ


162 Թ

İôһᣬӣ˵ãתһ롪ôãȴ˿˼ˣ̫飿
˵ˣܲһӲԭˡ
綼Ҫġ
ҺԴﻹһЩԭļ䡣
ӦȥӦû̫⡣
ӣôţлˡ
İ翴лͰˡ
ﻹͦгɾ͸еġ

ǵİô򣬰ŵĵǺܿ졣
ӣΪ̽ף϶Ҫһ׳򣬵ȥ
ôҲҪתҡ
û뵽죬ȻԺūӡ
ȻˣνġҲʾԼӡ
ǴӸѡһ
ӣǰֽ㣬ʼָ֮ϣ΢΢ԥһ£Ȧһӡ
Ȼӷǰ棬Ȼѡӵ˼

̽׵Ӻܿ͵ˡ
һһ磬ӣ룬ױˡ
ù֮ţһߵȣһԺﲻϵϰԭļ䡣
Ͼһú˼Ҷ
ۣԺһŷԭλĸ׵ļʵΪôࡣ
߻˵λĸףԭǡ¡ǡ
ԭΨһһθܵĸļ䣬һ˲ƫƫĸ׳ȥر
ԭΪĸײʱĸˡ
Եĸ˵һĻ
ӣһ߸ԭż䣬һͺͬԭСҲ̫˰ɣ
ʵ̫λĸײԼŮ
ϾѪ˵ԡ
οŮҲǷڱġ
ֻһλҽرôóͺӽйͨаĸװɣ
棬ӣȻӡ֤һ㡣
ǰλͲʮҲʮӡ
еȣͷеȣòҲеȡ
һɫװǶŻۣͷϴű£Ʒ
ܿĳѾϸˡ
ıո»һӳģ׻ԳЩ庮ˡ
ϾԭĸҲֻһλͨ˾Ҳ顣
ӣ뵽ԼڵĽɫǡŮһʹվ
˹ʢʱվߣͶ˸ɫ
֪ķӦסԼҸı۰
񲻽Ƿ˵ŮҲǻӵŮˡ
ҵŮ졣
֮ūǶʶȤسȥˣĿռһĸŮ˵
Уƣ۹ӣϡ
·СûԳأ
ӣ˳񣬵ͷ˿ԼĶӣЦžͶ˵
ֻ΢΢һͷ
˵վˡ
ӣֻ뷨Ż⡪֪λ֮ǰǴһ
Ҳǲԭѡʱɣ
ôӣһ߹еʵһ߾׼õĲƷó
ƯƯССֻУһѾˡ
ɨһۣɲΪЩģ
Ȼô˵ݻ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ȸղŸսݵʱЦݺÿˡ
⻰һ˵©Щڷˡ
ӣһĥһ߾ЩӦ
ֿˣԹﻹԴӼ޵ıոͰѶ˸أ
ӣȻһЦվŲȥӺſϣصô˶أҵĶõĶΪ˺ܶ࣬׵ģ
˵ûϵŮ˵һ촽΢΢һ£ͷӣ
βŵ˵ͷӣǳˣȻҲҪ֪ﶼΪ㣡Ϊ㣬͡
˵Ӳˡ
һ߲һ߻ָͷӣֱΪ㣡
ӣԱ߾ͷǣǣΪŮ
Ҫľӣ̬ȡ
ŮɣšŵһҲ˳ˡ
ᣬڿʼ󵹶Ŀˮʲôţӣγޣӣĵֲܵ˸׵ϲ
ӣһһ߾ͽԺļ䣬鶼һ顣
ȵ˵һ룬Ȼӹһʣȵȣԭиܵܰ
ƽʱӿƫƫڸûߵʱŮּŮԭ࣬㹻ˡ
һǻˮ˸ûꡣ
һӸӣһһ߾͵͵һӡ
ò׳׼һ϶׼ȥ⣬˾Ͳɷ˵ȵ˵
ӣȻЩסΪʲôһ곤Ҳԭĸ﷭츲ˡ

İʱӣô
ӣС⽣ЦŴ˸ܹȥˡ
İҲû룬ͷ͵ֻҪӣϲ˽Сסһʱ䣬Ҳ޷


163 

ӣһŵתƻˡ
İ絹ǲЦ˵˼лйһͨ⼸ʳϢ
һͷˣİ껰ͷȲʱ͸Ͻӣȡ
ô˵ѽ
ү⼸춼ڹûŸߣ֪⼸˯͡
˺
Ȼ˴磬һٺԺ
̫ҽҩʵʵȥ
Һİոշ²յСӽ˵ǲ˶ſڡ
İһһȻӣҲʲôֱӾСӸǰԺ鷿ȥˡ
ôһղʵҲˡ
ǽһһŲţӣ˵ͷϽȥϲˡ
֮İ˵Ҫӣȡ԰תת
һиǰ²ȶЩױסӣ̫ҽ˵ǡδ͡δƽ⡱
仰˵ǰҪǵи塪Ϊиò̥иԼѪôжӪأ
֮ǰӣҲǺ˲ٹ֦ǿи͵ֿеĺӲаӰ졣
ӣĺѾĸˡ
̫ҽ˵ƽźҪ΢߶߶
İֻҪʱ䣬ͻӣţں԰߶߶
İţ⵱ӣԸһ¡
ʵǴԽ֮ǰǴԽ֮󣬶˶顪žվţžš
ڸҪ밲òȥԺûӵ顣
ʱӣϲԼСԺ
ҲˣʿҲˡ
Ժߣ𣿣
İ˵ҪȥʱӣϴӦţȴĥĥ
İҲеˣ˼ˡ
үе䡭ӣߺضİ
طGǺǳ˳ǣĵƨ·ˣ䣬͸óˡ
ҪʵЩǲȥӱߣûʲô硣İĵص
ӣۿǶ㲻ȥˣҲ̫˼İΪãҲΪĺӺá
ʢԺţżǰ͵͵Ƴİһ߿飬һߺĵصﻻѡ
ʢֱ죺Ȼ
ӽ£ոѽ䣬ʲôöȱ
үʹ˭ʹ˶١ӽ䱦棬ǿİġ
Ҫү
һһֻԸӵġʱ䡱˭ϡ
ò׵ӣˣİһ黹һҳͿˡ
ûվӣԸ߸˹ǰˣֱۣתһȦүϸʹҵӣѾˣһɫЬ
İ΢΢һЦصͷÿ
ӣǰȥڸصŵطСһüǻɫأ
İ绹ЦһЦһ־ͰԼˡ
ӣȻؽͷİļϣ΢΢۾İԼ顣
İֳֵЩԣ죬ÿһֵβϣļⶼᡣ
ӣ֪ĺ«ǿ֢ˡ
ȻⱾһҳ꣬İųһ˼ذ¡
££ͷŵÿСǱ⡣
һָһֱֻӣ¶ǳǳЦݡ
ʢʾһ¡ٲȥɢʱЩˡ
ȻոսͿİ͸ôš
ʢϽ΢΢תȥѻ˵һ¡Ҳûӣүʾʱġ
Ҫ˭ɷ羰鰡
İվӣ־ߣȥأϢ
ӣʵ˵Ѿ˯̫ˣǴоʱ򰡡
ҿôһ˵İͷҪҹߵˡ
ô˵ءĺ«ᡣ
ʱͻϸ׵ġ
ӣôﲻţƲһ£ȻûסЦ
С⽿ӣҪȥͲĵظˡ
һ߸ţһ߾ŬԴ뿴ӣϵı顣
ôһߣֻСȫˡ
С̹ལë׺̬䣬øֻСһֻīһģһëɫѩ׵ģž͸ֻԪһ㡣
ֻǻɫģëɫŰףɫִŻƣԿͱֻɫĸӵһЩ
İͷһۣͿСӣˡ
Сİǰ˵Щġ
İһϣͣ˽Ųһֻצצżϣ΢΢ͷİ磬ƺѯԼܷųȥ
İûūŰȥ


164 

԰ɫһƬס
˵ʱ򡪡ˣó治࣬ϵĵˡ
ģСһֻաϾУۣܲǰ;ߵˣʱܾ͵
öں棬Ҳһȵˮ裬޲˺񼸲㱣£¸߿ˣʱܺȡ
԰Ȧһ룬İòˡҲӣ̫š
֣ߡ
ߵϵʱӣˡ
˵ҲɣЬźһ仨
ʵƽЬ廨ҲǸиŲͣ΢ӲЩЬӲĥˡ
ۡӣ·ͣˡ
Саս˹ǰȥԼҸ
ӣȵˣŤͷ¹⿴˿
ӣҲ֪źĥʲôˣƾž飬϶ǺһƬˡ
۵ôİסļ򣬾
ȻһȥǰԺСΣһȥЬˡ
ӣҪСӣʱ;еš
үûϵģҵЬֱӻ˾ܻȥˡ
İ֣ͷ˵˻֡
İҡҡͷﶼۡ
ţҲ߼ӣһ˵ţһ߾İؿ½ϵժ˶飬ͼЬȥ
ûʲôá
԰һƬ徻Ȼؾʹ
ֻǲŪ£ɵػ˵ķҡ
ȻһڽӲ
ɷˮ΢Źӡ
ӣȻʲôӣȴҲĿ
ʲô˵أ
Ǻ԰ƫƧһ븣ԺԶһأรθľӴڸԺ
Բλ
˺һ԰ȻƮƮҹꡣ
ҺƲʱǰԺ鷿һȺūţƺƵذСҲˡ

ڶ죬Ƕˣޢ͵͵ظ˸İǰһСӣϸͻԺȥˡ
˵߲ˣʹСءİȻҲȥ̧˽ǰԺ˹ǱΣͱϰ죡ޢ
ţžסˣҲ˰졣
ոнģⷿҲмˣá
ϾֻǱոϽǣôĵضҪߣ
ӣȻ͸ˡ
˵ˣֻǻжѣֲһˡҪý
꣬รеʱҲûôİ籦
˵ʲô˶촽ǻһ̾Ϣ

Ӻܿ쵽죬ӣԺҲһһ
ˣθڷСˡһǱƵûʲôʳҲҶԡ
°Ѷ̥̫Ѳ
ǾҪˡ
Ȼ̫ҽһ˵и򲻿̰ʹɣҪֵʹñͰ
İʱ򣬾ͿӣöˣһһߣӸȷ硣
˶ǰգҲģиֻ󣬶һ͸ˡ
İ翴ﲻ̣ԺӾĥӣǨӵ顣
ʢԱ߾ĵУʱڣǨӿнɵġ
һӣҲ
밲ָİ˽飬˵ȻߵūŶģϾǹҡ
һиûо֣ôɣ
İ类ôһѣɫ֣ˡ
ȴ˵ԼԺļ֣ϽﵱģƷԺãŸҲ
ȥչ˻еʲ
İȴûɸѡ
ǰԺ鷿ͷĳʮֵɬ
Ѿġͻݡôãôá
İԲ谮ȴûе
Ժ֣˻һĵġ
Ҫ룬үҲŸһðˡޢȰ
ɲǣ
İﱨ͹ҲͰһޡ
ðѡѡֵ飬һͷ
ȵǰҲˡ
ʢֱӰͷĸ쵽ǰԺ鷿
ūǶ̨ϵţû֪İ˵ʲôֻӴĹӰϿʱʱ𻰵Ĺơ
ӣԴӻԺ󣬰չϹ涨СԺʳӦҲһЩӡ
ÿ춼жľס龬ססססСסס
⻹ʱ֥ͼ
ЩʳĶΪи²壬ѪԸ̥кô


165 

磬ûŵʱȰ龬֥
ӣʵºġζ̫Ͳ˵ˣؼÿ춼ȣɽ亣ζҲ塣
ºȣ붼ûأʢǹˡ
Цеİѻ˵һͨλİѡģģȻʲôء
ӣĵӻкüأİ絹ҲļȰˡ
֣ˣʮϣһվظӣ
ľ͸ˮһ
ӣſţ͸оһ˿ޡա
Ȼһֽˡ
θһΡ
УҵСͭӣһתͷ˵
鶼Ǻˡ
ؿھ¡
վǰһּ״ǰһַסӣĺ󱳣һֻ־סӣ֡
ȻҲ֪ĸѨӣֻģؿǹѹȸȴʱȥˡ
ֳĬĹ͵͵һЩ
һ˵һ߾ؽӣϥƣȻϥ·ָĵطᰴѹ
һ߰ѹһơ
Ժ־ôĵϣͬķʽĦһߵϥǡ
ӣ;ؿˡ
̱ϣһ
Ȼİˡ׻ˢӵġ
ӣôĬĬţˡ
վǺܹصĽ˫ַǰ泯ӣС
ͷģ֣ƫݣһҲǷĹâȴóǸɵˡ
һλǺ֡
ʱǸˡĵڶ꣬Ůźӵʱ򣬾ͲСĽԱߣһƬˡ
ʱͲûѶ䱣ס
Ȼˣ̺ȴõˡϸ÷ڸǣҲǿĵס
ˣȻüߡ
ڿټϸոսϽǵʱ򣬾֪ҪȡĹùТĶТùá
ѣùÿڹȥǮϣȻҲһ㲻һѡǶתתӣȻȥ˰
ǰֿžͰһ˹ùá
ùһĨᣬһǮˡˣǮǮ飬㲻
ְܳһѣѾԵˡ
ڰ˼ʮִ꣬СŮ˹ùãְ֣һ·˰μ֣ҲźٹˣǾḻ
ϣЪ֮󣬺־ȥִϴˮ
ֿ΢Цˣ
żЦ˵
Ҳ˵ʲôֽӽϴ
ֿϴˣҲͷˡ
ǵְֻͬרŸӵģԺźūŴһ
ټİصѡˣӴҲѡ˸ɾˬһӡ
ͷһϾ͹ת˺üˣλֿɻȱЩʲô

ʱϽȻ磬ÿÿʱİ練ҡҿӣλֲߣͦŸӽߵƶĺӶҪְˡ
ӹ÷ɿ죬תۼ䣬ӣԤڲԶˡ
Դλ֮󣬸ֽҲԽˡ
һΣöͷʱƼ鷢ְġ
Ƽˣͺܽ˵ѻһͷ򣬸һСи͸Ҫסˡ
ԲġҪǰѻˣô̥أ
ӣϾǴִԽģʱ˿ⷬϾͳ˵үүֻı
⡭
Ȼתͷö˵ǸﻳСҲһĳˡ
ʱ򣬴źúõģȴڶܵţôççײײ˼ŵ̥ˣ
öεİѿֵĻסˣϻ̳Ͽ֡
ˣÿν֮ǰһūŽźˣ
İʱ򣬾ū˵˿ͷŲײࡣ
ΪӣԸūôأ
һȥֵ֪顣
ҲݿֵĽ顪ÿŮֵصʱ򣬳˸űӻӣȷ¶ˣ˳һµı졣
Ȼٳӡ
Ͼ˯˯𣬶ֿڣ˯̫ҹˮ˶֪
յҲˣ
ֱĶָһļš
Ʃ类촲ҪģˮĴûЪ
İϲ˵ȴԿֵľְʮ⡣


166 İ

һˣİͺʢʹ˿ֶȥ
ͷлӣȴİ
Ժÿһˡÿһ¶Χšӡ⣬ձһ·Уֱ̫˺òã
ӰӾӵĹǺ
ӣȶӶ췢ˡ
ʧǵŶԱߣڲסĽǣİһתͷͿˡ
ӽСְԼο£һжƽģү㱣֤
ӣ̧ͷЦ
Ц
Ӳ˸Цݡβģ͸ҪһȴӲ
İ翴ǰݣȴúЦ
ֻۡ
еᡣ
Ȼô£ؾЩˡ
ôһ˲䣬İԺﻹһͷʵֻҪӣƽƽģõҲô
ͷһӶİ绹ǱԼ뷨һ¡
ϽǣС۳ŻʰôຢӣԼôֵܡ
ôȿֺӡ
Ů˵ĵŮƺ쾭¡
ӣ˵Ѳǡá塣
¡˼תǰİսӣ֡
ʵ˵һЩʵЧİο֮ʣһˣϾܸͬܡ
ȻϹ㣿
İȻԺĳ뷨
ΪȻǫ˳ΪһοߵĽɫ˵ȴٺʲˡ
οʱҲӣô˵һ˵˵ӣҲͲôˡ
Ͼηǲ֪
ûоȻ̿֡
İԾԼ뷨൱ضӣһ˵
ӣ챻ɵˣŶҡͷҪҪ
֪ηڲ֪ôһ£ʱͿҲʹعȥˡ
ҪǱθɫһŵȶˣôӣ
ǻһӰ
˵ˣθ˵Ӳôۣӣ
ܣֻ롣
Ҫ
İҲôһᣬܣҲˡ
ݣӣڴͷϣİһһĺף·ܻĽƵġ
Ͼӣڼֻһ¶ûˡ
֮ǰ˵ˣиèèñϾŪһˣץһ£˶ĺӿɲģ
ӣߣȤʧȥˡ
뵽С⽣ӣͺĽб໳ɲ٣СʱҲôʹࡣ
ڴϣȻ뵽˴Խ֮ǰֻҪиеѹʱһ³ʳ⡣
һǣ
ϧֻûУ͸ҪֺͿṷAPPˡ
ӣһ̯ͦŸӣ˺Ľбϣ֪Ͱ뷨˵˳Ҫͺˡ
İԱߣ㶣ȻͶһ¡
ס֣ϲ𣿡
ӣԣͷڱϣ۾İ硣
İԱߣɣͦıֱֻô
ʵҲǺͣȴһĪİȫС
·ʲô꣬ܵסһ
·ʲôѵ⣬ӭжһ㡣
İ翴Լ۾ôģһ˫ƯӳģĶӰ

ֻ
Ị̇΢΢һЦӸ£ڵӣһ˲ɤ΢΢ɳƣظһ鷽ŵ⣺ӣϲ𣿡
ǼⶼıǼˡ
ӣõеһ촽ʶؾ͵˵ͷ
İָ飬ֽƸͷ˳ںڵķ˿ḧү֪ˡ

ڶ磬ӣźûãˡ
Ůϣһ
״
ϡͣ߻仰˵֮ǰѹûӣ
ӣ޵ĽӴҲԺ밲ʱġ
ʱ򣬾ֻиļˡ
ϲҲ˶̸ཻ
֮ǰ˵˺üΡ˵Ҫôߣм˽ύ
ҪôʹǸͷԴ͸˵ġҪ䣬ҲʵС
ԺֲİĿأһζع·ͣ˲̸ཻ󻹲ǿԼ
ǰ¡
һϵʲô飬ǹԮ
Ȼˣ뷨
ӣȴ롣
һ˿ôȺҪôǹ¶ҪôǶ
һ¶ˣʵǺܿ˵Ľӽġ
˿ҲûĶþͻѡ
رͷε֡
һǿԵģ֡ġ
һ֮ͬ


167 

֮󣬾˵⡪˵ү˼֪һգӣ༸иŵ滺
ӣ(???????)
Ƿ뵽İ֮ǰϲϲ٣һϵ׹ˡ
ԭİ˼
ԭԭµʱūŴӿⷿѰҳŵĴֲ˶˳
ҲͰٷȥ
ո׼٣ӣȻЦеİס棬΢΢һͷżȳԵ㶫ɡ
ӣˣʵֲ̫ύʵӡ
һʼʱеš
ⲻ֮ǰֻе㷢ء
ǳСĶҪϸ۲ſó
νĸ䣬ҲΪﲻ֪ô˴򽻵ѡ
ˣӣҲͲǿӲһģɿ󸣺̲
û˿Կܵɿ󸣣
ԳԺȺȣһҲͲطҪ˵ˡ
ȻûмɿģȥںģͺԲӱըһ
ѧӣӣСҧһڡ
֮󣬷㡢֡
һϵʽ֮󣬹¾Ϳʼ׼ˡ
İ˼ѡĶһЩԶ龲鵭ŵӣɾԾؾͷ·ɽˮ֮У̺졣
ӣҲֻ֣Ҳû뵽ˮƽȻ֮ߡ
ֱȴʦרֻᣡ
ţ;

İæĶ࣬ÿص鷿һҪӣʳϢ
һжãİͷġ
Ȼ¶ϣȴҲֻΧźԺת
д裬ʦõ۴𣬻ʰðǻȥ˼ĳ⡭İһһһ˿ĺúɡ
ȻȵϵʱڳʱʱİȻѪ˿ǹȥӣԺˡ
ÿζǰ˹ȥ֪ͨ˵ӣȡ
ˣ֪ɵһڱ
Ӵˣ˯ʱƽ£͹һ飬žˡ
İҲҸͬһŴҹһһ֣СӣĶӡ
ÿι֮ڴߣ˵һ˵ϺһȻİ˯һݡ
֪ıں¡

ʿȻǺߣΪճڣҲռһЩĵλ
ϾϲաζĲϵϾûиӵġ
İʱӣԵô㣬ˣصʿǶ˺üˡ
İĴͣʿóȫ񣬾оӣϲĿζ
вٽϣζأζδţδ
绢
ôˣӣ𾪵ˡһɲǴԽİɣ
ȻԳ˸ʳζ
͵ʿŷ˶Ľ
ĽС
ŷôˣҪȳͷȵʱУ
οһܲһӡ滹ЩܹܣܹܣǲϻͣҲûôȥ
Ͳͬ--İ谮ࡣ
˵䲻ģԺūţ¾Ǹèģİ翴ҲҪˡ
ڱүǰˣԺûȥʱ
˵ˣǻû
Ժ˵һӣеڶ
ȵรԺūȻָӲͬˡ
ⲻһ̹;һҡֱϣȮͨݾ
ʿԺＸС̫Ƣ˸СǸСģԸûʲô⣬ȻСӣСӺСӶָɸܡ
СѹǸİ
ʿ
ʵƲȥЩ̸ԺﻹһԭҲʮ
ö

ʮһͷʱӣڷˡ
ʱ磬ͷƫбʱ
죬һȳһӵĵģȻ˹١
ϾĴˣ񽥽ҲͺϤˡ
ӣ߳˼Խ֮ǰϲӣùԿܲϵ
񻹾ĳ
һߵһ߾Ϳɺ
ӣŶӶˣ
Ȼ󹢸ȻҪֽʣ˵Ҫת׼
ӣ͸˺ü顣
ǳĶԼϲӣ֮ӣˣһߺĳ˺ü顣
ӣ̽ͷ̽Կ˺ü顣
öҲſڣͿ֣ͣ񳪸
ӣʱ򣬴ּӿʼԾˡ
ʼûʶ
ȵкüζʹʱſʼ֪ķӦҪˣ


168 2

Ŷӣǽſߣһһߺ
źڶȻֹһ¡
ӣһпԱߵĹϡ
ʹк͹ȥиܵʹһ
ʹһַ·Ҫ˻ȡľС
ڡ
ﻹԸأԼ֡
һ˺üּֽţˡ
һӾʶʲôԱһӣҲ˲ñ̲յһˮӶǡ
ɷһӣŹӣŶԱߣҧ촽ֱ˵
Ȼ˵ȴһһ׹ˡ
ͷ¡һ
Ҫˣ
һǰȥסӣӣһ߾ͳ󺰣ööȥп֣Ҫˣ
öһԼ֣Ҫ·˵Ǻ֡
ɵһ˲䣬ҲӦ͵ɲס˳һתԺȥ
ǵķڹŮֵԱߣһŵǽ棬öһȥͿϱһѶڼææϡ
ǰȥҪ˵һڣĶȫȻһתǱһѣһǰһľԺݸϹȥˡ
棬ӣѾɵ˴ȥ
ûȫ£˵ӣԼ桪˵ȫ£ؿƵ
ƺá
ֽʱ򣬾Ϳӣһߺߺһɫá
ﴭһǰȥӣӣĶӣȻѴӷˡ
˵˾䡰ˡȻ굽ȥˣӣĿӿ
ⳡȻʮΣӣ۵Ҳ˲ôˡ
棬һλ־ūǸϽˮ
ȥ֪ͨİġ
ǰƽʱʱ䣬İڹزġ
⼸ղһүʱĸߣ˳ʱżʰ磬һУһʱʱ顣
ʱİͻˡ
һݷ߶İһ߾ſֵָӣЬӣҲ굽˴ȥӺӣı
ȻӣӣתתԿֵ֣Һֲôˡ
һ飬˵һ䣺òǸ˰ɣ
һʱҭסӣֻܰο˵ſġʲһūžչŸ񣬸Ȼ̫ѣ
ֹһ򣬸̫ҽȫϵˡ
ԺģĶˣūǸСȥ
С⽲ʲôƴľӣ꣬ŸոȥһСͷͱͷ󺹵ĺֿˡ
ֱغôй
СӸϽȥͰС⽸ˡ
С⽺ףһ·צţҪ
С̫࣬ϾһЩεذǯڱ
ûţ԰С⽷Ž䣬ְŸϡ
С漱öҪˡֻСצƴš
ǶҲ
รӣǹǺҽеļ
أƺڣҲֻǺߺ󣬻ûʲô
Ȼ׹ɤӶʡţרŵİٽ£֪Ӷࣿ
ﰵĥϵĹȴһû潹ſ̽˺üΡؾľûޢȥҩģ˵ѹ溬š
ӣߺ۵ֲͣĶӣжʱ
硣˵

İòŸոճ˹ţһ˵ϢһĶˡ
һ·ӱ޵ؾͻˡ
ǵһ·˸һֱӣͿԺⶼˡ
ãȻæңȴûҽ
İ̤ߣߵūŶ밲ſڣûԥһӾͽȥˡ
ֵǻһϽվ밲Ȼ͸Ͻİ磺үѪ飡ǳȥɣūźأүģ
İһֱ̧֣죬Ȼӣǰ
Ͻÿ
İһ°ַӣļ򣬵ͷһϸɾˬûкҲûۡ
̤ʵһЩֽؾűӣֱϵѪܶӼ˳
İӣֺԼͷһ
ļ򣺡ô
ӣǿ̧ͷЦЦ
ɵӻͼοأ
ЦãôһЦİֱܵĲУָ΢΢߬ļ򣺡£õ̫ҽõҩģүҲ㣡
ӣ΢΢ͷ漴ʿ᣺֣ŻҪ
ָҴ˱ӽǣ³ĻǷǾ仰ظĻ硣
ӣʱԴ


169 

ֱֳּˣһչӣһֲϵָū׼
İҲ˵˵ȥˡ
ţİһ̧ͷͿվһ߰λóһ߾ͳοһЦүſģƽȻЩҲ޲ʹټڶţƽݣضȻ˳ºӡ
İҲû˵üͷˡ
վߣİͷ϶ǺǰժӣҪ
İԴ΢΢һƫͱ˿ȥ޷
εջ֣˵θҲˡ
θһţİ͸ڣǰȥ˰漴ϸϸصү͸ȻĲǸиģ࣬ү͸ģ
İ˵ͷָָԱӣʾθȥ¡
θһ£һ߲ԹɫЦŵ˵ˡƣǸСģô£ȻүŲУֻүȻõָܵðԸҲţ棬үҪ
İֻҡͷøɡ
ܳһӾϲЦտվİǰл
İڹ
θЩ٣ȴֲ¶תͷЦӯӯʾŮƽһ棬һлƯϡ
˸ǰգĲźã
ղŹʱţһ룬˵ӣҪˣͷꡣ
ʱӶء
м㣬ʱܵһҲã˵ڵˡ
˰룬ʣ°ͷŲˡ
һЩԼʳ
յʱܾԼչڷһЩŲӣСС°ͳˡ
İ۹ɨ˷ʣ°棬ͣͣȻʲôҲû˵
˲죺θˡĲ
θЦϿ쿪˻ϲԺ棬͹Ҳɣ
ЦЦû˵أӣۡ
һıȸղİվˡ
Ͻİ͵үصģ̫ҽأ

ӣڴϣ亹ͣ
ԱӸͣĲ
ֱÿһ۵ľͺиȭͷŴһ
ʵһʼûôʹʱ
ղŻʿֻж
˵ˡ
۵ס˺һ
ֻڴϴµأʱʱ￴
Ȼӣ۵ʱǧɣʹúҪʱ򣬶ûˡ
ӣڴ⻰еĸо˵û
ʲôأ˵⺢ǵŬģ
Ӷ۳һû찡һĶȥң
ʹԽԽƵˡ
ʼʮһͱһ
ӣ͸һֻˮСһڴʹһţƺʲôƶ޷⡣
öڴԱߣֱᣬָϵһȥˡ
Ȼ󣬿վڴԱߣؾͰοӣ˵Ǹʲͬľиˡ
֮ǰźиӣǽ۵һȥҹģҲڡ
񻹲ҵأ
ӣ˵ţֻǲǰʹ۳ӡ
һʱ򣬵ж۰
ҪǵʱŲסֱ˹ȥˣҲͱˡ
˹ؼʱӣ֪ľʹ
Ҫӵʱ򣬷ࡣ
ڵʱӣһСӡ
һ˲оӵá
Ȼƶֻص˼䡣
ϲЦտһ߸Ӳϴɾһ߾͵ūž˵ˡиСҲТ˳أû̫ã
ֱޣȥİ͸
İЦݣֻһޣ˲ϸϸʵΣ
ϲ󣺡үģСӺõúܣҲõúܣ˳ģūŻΪҪأ
ԱҲŵ࣬үȿСӣҲøЪϢЪϢ
ǰȥͰѺӸİˡ
İ˫ҲûӣʱȴȻԼ·𲻻ᱧˡôССһ⣬İӣġ
ôһСѪҲѪ
Ӵ䣬Ѫǣ
ۿİ綯Щ׾ò׽ӹޣ߼Ӳضţ˵Ҵˡ
ԱҲ֣ϥǣֻţİ籧úӡ


170 

ԱۿţͿİüĿЦۿ΢ʪͷŻĶӡ
ȻͷƺҪһڶӣӲסˡ
ֻǺͶ
ûģŨŨĸ
һϵϡ
ֱĿġ
ΪǸк
ǵġ
֮ǰรҲһ˺S
ǰ˳ţǻİĳأ
Ҳû
ӣǼ˳ģ̫ҽ˰衪ͷβҲûϡ
İ΢һӣͱŶӽȥӣˡ
öȥúǣһС⽾ͳ˳ײöϡ
ײ˸ͷ͵ԭ˦˦ԴȻ˷˦Сβͣһ֧һ˲͵ݡ
ۣʺģɵˣ
ʱİոҲ׼һһͬʱСһ嵽ǰ̧Сצצſڴϣƴʺ
İ籧ź
۵ĿޣȴЦֿ˻ͰѻĺӸӣǵĶӣ
ӣѹûİͰѺӷͷϡתͷܺͺ
һŵӣϵζǸоϤİȫУĿҲСˡ
ӣ⺢ӣü۽ѹβ΢΢İ糤һ˫һģһ۾
֣ҪȥסӵС֡
ʵ̫Сˣֻǿס˵һָͷ
ָϴĴһһ
ӣ˼ˡ
ͷӿһζѪʮµС
ڣ䣬档
֮ǰͷߣֿɼ֮
Ժ᳤Ȣޡӡ
һ˲䣬ӣȻ뵽͹λ
ȻǳΪʲôԵ֮¹ڻںİĽᡣ
ӵĸײȥ˰Żġ껹ûӣͱ١ϱԼޡ
˭ϣʹǣ
İ籧źӣͷӣͷһǡ
ĬֻЦʲôû˵ֽסӣ֣Լ߬ɿ
һ־ͽ˵Ҫĸιˡ
İСذС˿֡
ĸҲǾϸѡģڰ˾·ݵʱѾ׼ãһ𣬶ǰԺİԣֱȥ֮ĸӹͱιˡ
չԼҸ񣬷͸ιˮ
ողźһڣӣˡ
תͷ˵ˣԱţҪʲôը
һһ㶵ġ
İ絹˵ո꣬Ҫ嵭Ĳźãӣİ絽׻ֲǴӦ˵ֻԳһ㡣
һ㣡ӣͷ֤
һʿѾŷڵˡҲӣ֮ǰ̹ʿһܿѧˡ
صظˡ콴ҲǸ֮ǰġ
ըöſڽ˹ͽӣڴϣζˡ
һ־͵죡
ö˹ȥִԱ߰СӰ˳ôڴİԱߣͿӣһ߰ͣһ߾ü۵ؿΨʱ˰һ
ŷƽӣϲĸʳģʺϲӵĸ׼š
˭֪ӣͰôһýġ
İ翴ô󱦱Цá
ҡҡͷȥԴ㡣
ӣϾӻֺһˮôвһС͵㲹ȥ;úȻ͸ˡ·ղŸո꺢ӵʱûӦʱƣӿ
ȥ
İӣүǵĺӣʲôֺã
İ翴ã΢̣ż
ۣ˶٣ʵ֮ǰѾ˺ü֣м仹û
ǵİ̧۵ʱ򣬾ͷӣƤѾˡ
ϸϸܵĺ˲˯ˡ
İվıӽҴҴոˮҪϴӣͿİתʾȥ
ŵصųȥˡ
ӣһ˯͸ˣ׹ûѹ
ȵʱѾǵڶˡ
ϣſһ۾̧ͷ!
ӣһ£Ȼأ
ЦظĻСӸոպȹ̣ò˯أҪūȥĸ
һ˵һſߣſڣﻹû֣Լƿˡ
ǿ˽


171 Ļŭ

ʾӣСˣĸʱʱ̵̿ùι̣Ҳ֮ǰֻ䶫᷿˯š
˵ˣ᷿ªܴϴ˺СҲܲˡ
ĸȥԤȸС׼ǼݣҼض
ܻҪչСΪȲźá
ӣͷԿⷬͬ
ǵװ˰ıأ
һȦ룬˵ȥⷿȥʱʹ͵һóһ£ĸҹʱ˯СǶˡ
ֵɵۡĸ˯һݣ
ӣ͵ůҹǰţҲġ
ֱ˵ˣȥͺĸ
ĸᣬҲͲʮͣɫ׾۾Сž͸Եһ·𻭲һ㣬ɸɾտյ
űӣл
λǸĸһӣҲ㿴ˡ
ȥⷿ緭˳޴һˣȻŪСӺСһ𣬼С̫Ϻϵذݣ͵ӣݡ
һڣĹ߶ʱİ
ӣǲ̫⣬Ҳ̫ۣߺûν
꺢ӺЩʹ죬һ࣬ӣÿÿµ·ʱ򣬼Щϰˡ
ͺ񴩹˸߸ЬˣƽЬʱܻҲһĲػǰ塣
ʹУһӣʮֿյġǾǲŶ¶
ΪҲͽˣ˭֪ȻҪʮ졣
ÿĦӣӣ۵Ŀ캰ء
̫ˣʱۣ
Ŀ޳ˡ
ӣһޣĸģҲ͸ۿޡ
һƬˣöֱģְסС⽣ֱӳ˽ȥ
˵ŸЩȴһ㲻飬ðĦĵطһ鲻١¶͵Ÿɾ
ְĦˣ˲ճȥͿСվ΢΢·졣
˰Ħ̫ҽĸݺ͵Ϊϵķӣòҩ֮ľͰūÿҩźԡ㡣
䣬ڵźҩأİ͹ˡ
ȥ˱
ۻˣȴ·ͶԵһ㣬ղİǰ۵ޣһ˰Ļš
ʱˡ
İͷֶӣִĸӹӣָӲ˲飬ֲ˲ߵĿˮ
Ĵȸ֮鶼Ҫˡ
ɰޣĶĶӣС죡
ŶӾͶӣ϶ҡ
ӣһ£ŷӦİ˵ġ϶ָľԼı
Sǳӣϴ
϶ɲСô
İֱӽͶһߡ
ȻĿӣȻϲİϵζ
ĸȥҪ⣬һСҡͷβ߰Ҫ»ص׵
İĻŭš
Ū˺һİ㣬ԸĸúõİѺӸһȥ
ӣ˵Ѿӵﱨȥˡ
ʰաϢͷûϹһһ
ۿŵף˸ӣʰ˼ˡ
ʹͣİҲˣʹͺӵģȻĸҲзݡ
İȥ̫ӵºʹ󰢸Ҳصعϲ˺Щ
һʢ͹
ӣͷһһֺǡ
һ˫СžľͰʮԲĹģ۵Ľֺͷˮεɰˡ
İ綢ſһ˲Ȼʹؾ뵽ӣԪ
ͷһζȻǲӣ³ġ
˵³ˣմմˮҲմġ
ڴӣԴ
һİ絽ӣԺӣ벻Եʲô
ټ
ӣڱһָԻ
ģģġУ
µ⣬˿̣
Ҳ֪ܣǰӵըѾսİļޡ
Ż嵭ӲͿζûˡ
Աߣʱѵõĳӣ̫ҽҩţûأ
İһϽѶ˹ȻӣͰһҩȫȥ
ˣʢҲͰʹ͹ˡ
һǰ˸ӣĴСİ統ӣ棬ʢ˰Ӵ
涼кõĶķıīֽ⣬Ŷ֮ľͲ˵ˡ
⻹в庢ϲߡ羫Ƶĸ¹֮ģͷĥ
ոմʱӣΪأ
ƤСѥӣСССʲôģɫҲޡ
һɰĲˡ
ӣĬĬĿЩ˽ӳԺ󣬴Щӡ
ţǺЦۿȴʪˡ


172 

İӣ󣬿ûְסļͷ΢΢
ȻͿɵȦˡ
лүʹ͡ӣһ±ӵ
İһ£ЦҡͷЩ̫ӵģʰĻûأ
ӣһӾɵˡ

ӣоԼѾײ˲ζˡ
˵Ůӵི粻ͨ磬ϴͷ
ⶼΪŮڷʱ򣬽Ǵ󿪣飬Ƿ纮֣
ӣһţһߵĴң֣ǰյüůȣˮٵϴһأ
һͨ͹ˣݺ᣺ūſǧع壡ãūûү
˵Ҳʵ顪ӣո꺢ӵʱİѾ˹ȥ˵飺˵⺢ҪҲҪ
ֹ棬һһӦš
֪үϲֶӣϲֶӵ
ԵĲ˵Ϳ꺢ӵ̬ȡȻūţҲǸŮˣҲЩĽ
ϻ̳ϿֵشӦˡ
һҪϴͷֵһͲӦˡ
֮飬֮˵˰죬ǰԼոźŮӡ
ǲúӵģ޿ģڴ˷ġ
һ˲
ӣµԿۡ
ڶ
Էʡ
Ҫ죬ټһͷǺǣֱһ²ϴͷͷóʲô
Էʣôʱ䲻ϴҲҪˡ
м䣬ʵ˵÷۰ɸ
ʵ˼Ǹϴ
ĩɵЧִõۣҲα겻α
ʵϣ˺ʮʱÿİӣһʶĶİ硣
ζİš
ʼİ绹ûãǶ㣬ĵˡ
ְӣ°ͣ۾ʲôʲôүû
ҹ˯ӣƤ۾ߺһģүź㴩¡

İԽӣԽǽ㿪
İסû㣬Լͷͷס
ӣֱҪˣ
һûϴͷۣ
ĺ«жؿζ
Ƕమ
ӣֱļˣİ类ڵҲеССˡ
һ˿ࣺү㣬Ƶұģ
ӣ˲йԹԵĲˣ̧ͷ
İ翴ɢңɫ˵ġ
ټϻеʱٳһЩģڻ졣
ֱɰ껭ޣ
ְͷ
˾뼫
һҩţմŶ̤һֻһⳡϽ˳ȥ
˳ְҲˡ
һȥİͰַӣϣʾԼ
ӣߺ굽İԴؿһ
ӣ־Ͱ˸ʵʵ
İĺ𣬵ͷӣͷţȻϳѽζ
ӣһӾ̧ˡ
İЦһװһӣζˡ
ӣգ۾۾Ȼͷˮ⡣
ҲǺģҲǺࡣ
ŪΪѽ
Ҳǲɾޡ
İû뵽ӣһϹȦתɵӾȻҪˣѩn
ʱͶˣް⻹أܿޣ
ӣһİۣţһþˡ
ܼйֱӣתȥİ磬ͷϻһëĶͷҡҷš
İ粻֪ôģЦˡ
Ц
ס
ƴţչȥĹĵա
һأҲǿаˡ
վšסӣС䣬ߣֵͳдԣ޵ĺйӳԡ
ӣһ¾תͷ۾Ķģ
İЦеĽ°䣺ȵ֮󡣡
ӣ˶ʱйˡ
ÿɶ
Ҫĺ«ˣˣ
شŴ壬İЦ
Цúÿģߣ
ֱҪͶסˡ
˾Цֵģ˵
˵߸ߵ͵ͣȴ
һûˡ
ִ۵Сһ˶š˸ٺãҲܲӣźİ簡
ԽԽģӣһ£İ˵ˡ
ߣЦŵ⻭Ǹʲô
Ŷԭڻ
ڷ̧̧ʾһߡ


173 ⻪

ڣӣ¡ˡ
ӵһ飬Ǻúϴͷ
ӣص׼˺ö໨꣬ϴˮҲĲҩ
ϴͷϴ顣
ˬˡ
ȵȫʰãӣһѣöվߣһһҸͷͷ
ӣ;ûˬ̩

Ͻǡ
͹ǰһӲǿȴݡ
ͰǶȻܺɵĵó̶Ტۡ
ϾǸ˺üӵģǬ幬λү˵ǰǰҲ˺üˡ
񸮸ҵ
İ縮⺢һһϢ̾ͺࡣ
£İ͸ʽ֣͡
͡ǹԵ˼Ʃ硰͡
İ͸ӣһ߽ͣһϾȫԺ֮顪õ֣
⻪ɡ
ӣž͸оԾˡ
֣Ŀ
ѹɽվһֵ̿ؾ͸İ񣺡ү֡
İֱʣµĻɤ
֪ӣ˼˵δЩ̫ˣǵճĺӲõ֡
ٲãĸҲǸร
ֵһСأ
Ҫ
İ˽סӣ֡
ܿͲֻǸˡĬĬص

ӣӣԴ˵һͷԼһȦ
ѻԭĳء
ʵһֱ߰˸µʱ򣬳˶ӣĶûԵı仯첲ȶһϸ
ʱӣңԼֻжֵᷢʡ
£˺Ȼһ
İرϲϵ棬°ҡҡȥϵ̱ε
ӣܲˬ
Ҫʡ
ʱ򣬲ԼιӵĺôֳˡԼιûĸĻĸǿ϶̼ʵġ
˷ʣӵˮô֤
ֿӣ˼˽ίȰüΡ˼˵һҲ֣ؿʡ
İֲǡϸж͡
˵ˣϾŮӣǽΡ
ǻֻǹͷһⶼûУҲÿ
˵Աƴͷͬǰ˶ˣϾͬգأ
ӣһ˵һ߿һӵԥ
öԱߺȻüСصǴǰһЩĺÿ
Ϳͬʱתͷȥ
һǱ˵ı顣
ž͵⺢ӣ
һ˵һ߹ȥϵĶöͳȥˡ

֮ӣ
ԼһոԼָġ
Ϊԭ⸱Ƥһ൱ᣬֻΪ͵ĸͷ֮ӣĲָǲġ
죬վױ̨ǰ棬գһԼ
ûָǿܿˡҲջȥˡ
֪Ӻ濴ʲô
ӣöϲ˵ʵĺӣ
ת۾͵ꡣ
Դӣĺ˵֮ΪնȻʹǲٵġ
˵İӣĺкͣ˺ð졣
˼รĺS
S֣ͺ͵ġ͡һҲչ˼
ȴҲ򵥵ֹڴˡ
͡еĹҫǳӣȴûеġ
ưɡЦһ£
ϣλϴˡ
รֻǳ¡
Ҳ˵йֻΪӵ֣İҲĸֻίһ
øû뵽ǣİȻĬһ£ֱ꣬¶ˣۿͷȥˣûร顣
ס
ӣİȻԺĴԱˡ˵ȥûʲôǵ¡
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ڸֶ֮࣬һ˿ҡԼ࣬һֱӡ
ѲİǶ˽⺢ӷԼϥ˼
ˣ⺢ӴӴĸףҲǵճˣ
𡰺͡ˡ
ܿ죬ʵˡֱӭͷʹ˸
ԭİһֱûรΪӣȰ˾Ӵ
ոǰµĵطһôطҪס
ӣĸӰᵽԼǰԺ鷿ĵطȥ
ٽĵطѾรθռˡ
ϺЦһ˳ģĴ׸ȴֱ޲˵үֱŲǰԺ鷿ȥסˣ
ݺݵҧס⣬Լһ嶯˵˳
İӣҪ˵ˣû׼ĸҾô


174 ร

øҪѪǡİθͷϡ
θǨڵСԺֱӸӣԵӴ
ţֻԽԽ죬ѪҲӿ͸оԼҪ˲Ƭˣ
үǴôأϸϸ
⣬ֱҲ⡪İӣĸӣѴ֮ˡ
İȻɫͶһ¡
¸һ鳶ˣϽǰүˣ˵ġӣԺӷˮúã
һİʲô˵ˡ
˹ȥƵİү⣬׵ġүֻί񣬲Ӷġүȱż
ô˵ҲǸ֮ƣû뵽ֻ죬İͽӵϢ˵°ʱ뿪ǣȥһˡ
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ȥˮ͢õظǾ¶ʵѾȥþˣڴҶΪѾƪʱƫƫиֹϵǣ˾ӽ£һ¶˵Ǵ󰢸ݳ޶ȣˮ֮ػ˾ǣö
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ǹؼǣĶеزƯϣ󰢸͸˸һܳĸѡ
˹ʱѻˣұ˹巿;·ûĲϡ
󰢸ҲǱͷˣȻܶר˻һССϣ˼ӡ
²֪ôģͱͱ˿ǰ
˽¶̫үġ
Ͼ̫үʹ󰢸ĹϵԽԽ΢ˡ˭Ʋ˭˭˭
󰢸Ǹ˵ûգֱŵԾˡ
ˣʦǾİȥһˮ֣²ƽ
һ·߷飬˽յĿ԰˵Ǽ䱦
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İ統ϻ˸ԺûأҹǰԺ鷿дรӡ
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ǵǰ´ʱҲǰϽг˼ġ
ǺǸؼġ
ĸҵ׵΢Щ
İ翴ʰ겻֪ӣ׵⡣
ǺûҲֻǸͨ˾Ҳ顣
ʵҲûϰһΡ
ҪΣҲðʵ£ߵʱ
İȻһƩһȥǸͦõĻᡣ
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İ룬׻ǰѻȥ
̫ˡ
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㲻þͺ
İ·ߣʰ꣬Ҳ൱ף˰ֿźʮֿɰﻶϲŸĸ׷รҲ̧һ̧
Ǳ˵ĺӾͶ˶
Ӳף˰⹬ĸӲಫ
ĵ׻ʵϡɶһ
ԸͷİรӺˡ

ıո
İʱѾ¸ߴˡ
ǰԺûأֱӾͱ˺棬ֱȥӣԺӡ
͸ոձ˯ţӣԱ߿񣬾һظү밲
ŵĳİˣȶһơ
ȻЦеĸÿ˵ү밲
İ˼Ȧܺõתͷӣ
ӣƺʲôϢҪ˵ӣĵĵš
İȰҪȥ¸˵һ
һİҪţ뿪ǣӣʱѹˡ
һӾ뵽һİȥĮʱ
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İ翴ˣֹȥɫĶͽĶָֻм䣬סĥһο죬ĮһΣһҲͻˡ
ӣŸоһЩ
Ͼʱ᲻Ҳİġ
ţĬĬľˣﵹвپ仰ȥ³ڵֻм֣ҵү
İ˳ӡ
ӣһ˵Ľë˰Сϣ濴ȥҪһ
İӹӣǰ첲ϥϣְСԼһ£˲รʰѾˡ


175 ں«

İ⻰һ˵ӣ̧ͷ
ʵİڷ©Ķ࣬ģģҲ֪¿ˡ
ôҲû뵽ô졣
İ翴һ𾪵Լ΢Цˡ
һЦһӣգõõġί㡣
Ļ֮細ɴһ¹⣬ﶼ֡
ӣգգ۾һѹͿվԱߣ˵춼£ˡ
סӣʾԼҸл
ӣվ֣µ˼Ȼ񣺡лİĶ䣬֣̿
İ絹û˶İˡ
Ȼǰȥһ⣬һ߾һʵ̿ʲô
ӣ˵ʱЦ⣬ڵ٩Լ
Ŷ
ͷİգգۣ̿֡
İЦֱҪʾл⣬ӴˣζĲ˱ǡ
˵ͣͣ͵ǺԪζǲڹҲǳķζġ
ӣ꺢ӣԾɵһЩӦҲˡ
ոɵ˵Ԫˣ
嵽ˣɲסˡ
İ˵ɿԪ
ھȥүͱҪߡ
İ绹˵ЦأͿӣһ£ȻôߵſڣҪ̤ȥķȥ
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ʲôЦʱ䣬Ҳûȫ
ôôԼӵ£
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İҡҡͷ
Ҳһ䣬ӣôϡ
ŹȻǶŸԺˡ
ӣҲİЩﲻζˡ
֪ǰԼһ񡱵λϡ
ŵĺܵ͡
Ǹү
Ժǲรˡİһڲ裬߿Զĵƻûӣĵ
Ļû˵ӣӦ֮ġ
รλһ㡪˵˷衣
Ҳ̫ͷС
ļӣҲһˡ
ӣλϣĬһ¡ƺ˼ı顣
Ȼ̧ͷİ磬һ˼
İӿɽ̡
ôţ˵һҲͲൽҹʱ
ʿö͹ˮѡ
ŮѪҪС
ѵʳԹžرн
ƩʱûʳңԬö԰ʳ˵ѣ壬֮ģﴮ֮
˵ɴ׻һʳҪԿڸΪһ
ȻʱˮѵѴ
ŷرһϷˮƽңӣرϲԡ
һʼū˵֣˵ⶫȵĺܣǸӣҲ޷
ӣΪǻҡ
ͦ˵ġԽ֮ǰϲԵһˮûңǣ֭һڼԼҹͷȻһԵСƿӴλȥָͬ¡
Թ˶Ͷء
ȿʵӣžеʧ
óСӰȳȵģҲлƽң
һڣӣˡӱȻҺóǧٱÿһڹҧȥֱǱܣ
ǵʿȥˮѵʱ򣬵һ뵽Ĵǻƽѡ
ΪƽζԱҪŵıǶ÷ˣֱùӽѾͿԡ
ȻװھӨ͸յյŵɫϻɫĹ⣬ɫ൱С¡
İ翴⾫µյ͹壬СŮϲԵĶ
ݶӣĶӡ
һ˯㣬żһ
ȻСȴӣ׽ˡ
վҴҵĸϽȥӡ
İҲݡ
ĸһԱߵģʱϽվ
ѾһʱˣҲѾʱƤ졣
ǽԳ׵ķɫ
İǰһ
ΪȥĮǴΣɹ˵̫ˣİ񳹵װײˡ
ӣʱ뵽İʱ򣬸֥һ湫ӣﲻɾ;ͰЩϧ
໣׺«˺ں«
İԼķɫúһЩءһЩ֮
ӣͷŰ׺ཱུĶӣԽľЦ˳
һЦ޲һڡ
ǲס
Сĵֿˣ沿ıӣ۾Щ
ЩλУһܵҺϸ֣Ϳּ
۰Ͱ͵Ŀֶһ


176 ร

أȻС壬˹
ӣø۵Сۡ
͵ɴ۾ӣһᣬСһ⣬Ҫ޳ˡ
ӣϽ־ͰѶӱ˻
ԱڡźӾصߡ
һһߡ
֮ǰֿӻͦȣ˵֮ǰҲû⻹ǵһ̥ôͱӶôأ
ӣĸ׵ıܡ
Ļͱ˸־½ϵա
СûȻǾġ
ǹһ͵Сֱӣ
ӣЦžͰԱתÿӵĶ
ͻڿޣ޵òףӣؿ˿Сƨƨûʪ
ĸҲǸոιġ
ӣͷŶӺһ۾ЦڿʲôѽԱ
ǵôԽ֮ǰп飬˵СĿѰעͽҲǱǶŸĸΨһĹͨʽ
ˣǴϻϵĽչĸܶԿı֮
ӣվŶأ;ü΢΢һİס
һһС˶§ڻͷӣĸӡ

รܿͷˡ
ǵһ죬ӣҲ˸磬컹أױ̨ǰź˷١
ҲǲรʽΣˡ
ʵЩöǰʱİȫʹ͹
ʱݲͬӣҲûҴ
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Ժȫǰȥˡ
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л֮䣬úصոսʱ
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รȻⲻ٣ô˺ӡ
ϣ˺ͣۿԺ󣬶ȻҪԽรȥˡ
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รԲڴ
Դȥǳ֮รһֱûתȴֹ˸ʩ
ӣԽĺһֱรǸӶ׳ġ
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ֻҪรõһЩಡ齾һЩ
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ԵĲ˵รĺS
ĺSʧĸףԼĺҪк׵鵽ϥ£
һӵĵոȻηรΣա
ңȻһ㲻ǱԲҪ
մҪմ
ʡľսİȥʳʲô
ޢãľ棬ͰˡѶϡĸϡ
ӣл֮˱Ŀڳơรˡ
ʵֻܳƺรΪѾһλรΪֻֿܽϼǰ档
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ĻӵĲรеǴӽĵһѾˡ
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Ͼ˵ĵոร֮ĵλ࣬˵ô⡣
ӣͺñȺ󹬽֡δػаᣬҲҪٰӦʽʾأͬʱһӦĴ
ﶼסӣĲรҪúðͽġ
Ͼǰүȥġ
ӣӸԺǺԺӭˡ
Ϊ棬û̫©ţһϱҲţֻ΢΢Ц
ӣոһԺţ˶Цøһһһ䡰รеı˭졣
ӣĸ첲һСԺӻȥһ·ϾͻûĹһڣ˵ˡ񡱡

รԺ涯ͰСӺˡ
ô£ร۾
ȻˣûûϹҲ֪зˡ
ӵһϾ֪ร¡
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ôȲ
СҲûรʲôأ
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รͷ΢΢̧ͷǡรĸ֣úһǶĴϡ
ǰֻƺΪรԺ¾ǡรˡ


177 ɲ

ӣร󣬵һ¾ӡ
Ҳİ˼ȻʱˣǲӴ
ֱӰСԺΧǽƵˣֱӵӸǷӣ졣
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ʱһԱǨӣԸ
ֻϣԶǶƫԶһǲźã
θǱߣ밲ʱ򣬾˵İԭǶ⡪Ҫӣסġ
ˡ˵Ϊ˴İַˮ
Ǻм۰ģ˵⻰ʱ򣬲Щմմϲ
θŲյ˶סˡ
һԣΪǸмء
ɲǣ
Ͼûг谮ǻӣǸƫԶľӴֻİһҲδܹˡ
ȻøûԤϵǣθڶϾͲȥǰ鷿İ
İǰ˵Ը⻻Ϊ˴룬ͰѴԭ
һȥƫƧ֮
˴̽ϢС̫֮󣬳Ծסˡ
θƽʱҲ˵ӡ
ôôܺݵģ
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Ѳ˼ǰŮ͸ร
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վȥﷳ
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ȣӣǲรˣݲͬһ޳ĸŮҲ˵ȥ
һӣԼǶӣֻǸŮӼңЩҲ͸óˡӣĶв
һİȻ˳谮ӣȻԺǶȥĴ٣ԺȻҲܳꡣ
ŮڲĴ񣬶Ȼָ׵Ļġ
ǴӺͰദĻᣬҲһԾΪİϲŮ
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ôϸϸţԽɲ⡪˵ĸӣȻΪ֮Զ
ܺĸĸŮôΪŮǰ;롣
Ҳǿȥô򵥵ġ
λϣֳԴЩĲС
⸮ﶼʲôǻһ¶Ŀˡ
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İ˾Ǹӣÿ߷ˮϸȷû֮󣬾ôհˡ
ӣԺรҪӷ̵ֵġ
ร˵Ѿˣοڵ˶ˣõ죬Ҳõķģʱȥˡ
Ժȱˣ
İҲûǿ
ūǶϲ󡪡ȻˣԺԱڶˡ
รֲͣߣūǶˮǴˡ
һת۵˳ʱڣͳְһȦŴƵġ
ӣʱŶпƤ͸óŮϣҪԺиãһҲҪŶ
Ȼһ쳤ıһãӣ˿ûзɾ衣
ϾǹŴӤ׶и紵ݶǺز۵ġ

ǵôԽǰ˵峯ӻŮزرˡ
翵ʮӣʮزˡ
ʷϵӺʮزˣֻʣĸ
˵ᡭ
ʵҲܺ⣬ʱҽˮƽټϻңǻЩ˵Ĺ
ͱ˴֮䶷ȥӾͳ޹Ʒ
ӣôţԺ͸Ʒ͸ϸˣԼü飬ĸǣǺʹõĶҪˮü飬Ȼõ̫ȥɹ
Ϊ㹻ϸ£ӣԺõÿһǼᣬÿר˸ǩѺóʲô飬á
ȻʲôΣСڵСӣһŷԸȥںܽӴķΧ
Ƿˣ˭һϳͣ
ֺĸϻ̳ϿֵӦˡ
˲ַҵСߣ˲ٴκ͡
ӣõҲͿлˣͷȴֻø档
ת۾͵˺ͳյӡ


178 

˸ʹ⣬İ׼˳һѾµշŲɼ鳤
ʱĳҲСŸĸϣϣסúƽĳ󣬱︣»ޱߡ
һƬУӣִĸнӹ˺ͣͰİǰ
͵Сȣ۰Ͱ͵İ硣
ӣصظ֯б˸СС¨ӣڱϡ
ʱѾ̧ͷᷭˡ

İЦžͰѳŽ˶ӱϵС
ǳϹأֳֽʵոշŽ;ͱһ¡
İЦűסˡ
˰գζźԽԽǿ׳ˣӣȻҲˣİ绳ӹͣľźֻС֣͸İл
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Цúÿģǻ³˿ˮݡ
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ζҪһӼӣĸ
İϵЦݵ˵ѾЩ᲻á
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ΪǸأԭʢˡ
Ͼǻʰ磬һˣѰŸ˵ˣĺ··װ˺öӡ
ʱ俴ȥľģţƤͦʵҲͦ㣬̫ǰȥˣЩ
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λĽͣ˵ΪԼҪȥףȴһᣬ±˳ЦԲŰװĺء
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¶ͷڲãİ統ʱ;ҲЩͬʰȻṵ̂ۡ
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á
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죬ӣû뵽ǣṩİͼֽȻܿı˳
ʵʱӣ˵ˡ
ӽ£ܹɽǣ˺ͼһģһĴֵ䣬ﻹ˾ɵĽṹ
и䡪İǴġ
濴ƽƽ棬ӣɵĳ룬ÿ붼ṹĶ౦滹ԷһЩСӣ滹רŷ͵ƺ̨ĵط
⣬ʵõƾ䷭Ϊӣдī
ӣöɵˣͷٿԼͼֽȻеŪĸо
ǶҲ˵ˣ˵รİײߣ˸ʲô䡪򿪾ܵӣˣй֣
İϲһʮߵýİ綼ȥ


179 Ķ

ģԼԽӣˡ
˵ֻǸգŰүСŮӰɡƫƫֱรࡣ
˵жථ°ɡҲá
˵İǰҲ޾ͿޣЦЦ
Եĺܡ
ƫƫϣסİ硣
ɬ롪νĶء˵ľŮˣ

һİţ˵ûøʰңǱߣҲûš
˸ɫҩģƽʱҪõĳԺȴãóõĸֲҩѬ㣬һû¡
һʰһ߾Ŀɬȵʰˣǲ͵İǰԺ鷿Ƕȥ
İ棬ھǣˮĵط˵ҰӾܶ˸ֲ
ǷȼҲеġ
˵ˣİҲסһ˳ȥҲɽˮǴġ
ûӣǻΣ
˵ӣһѾֻǾˡ
ү󡪡ǻƴӰүվѹѹһš
⻹㱧ϵޡ
İҪôֵε⣬λѫһôУ
ʱŮ˵ǺԼ˰һģһپ٣һ
ٶԹͲҲҪİȥ
Ͼĸ
İ͹ĶҲûӣȫˣȻ˵Ҫš
ǾϲԴӣ¶֮İѾкһûˡ
ȥú׼ˡ
İϲӣԺš˶֪£ǺԺ۾ӣ
ʳꡣ
ƫƫรҲе㲻ƣС
˵һʲôҩԪ
ԪʲôʶŴƤһͳˡ
ǲҩǸʲôڣ
˵Ļغغɫģŷࡣ
žͷۡһ̾һ׼˹ӡ
İʱţһٷԵļž
Ա߲סź꣬һٷûϼڡ
İ翪ʼԼԣˣҲͲȰˡ
һٷź꣬Լ˼׷׷ѾЩˣķӲ
ū³ȥһ̣İڶ棬ôһδ̫⡣
ûҡ
ʵЩԼĺڡͻݡ·Ĳߣ
ԽԽƫߵţǼϡ
ͻݵ֣
١ͻݡȥԼԼ̫΢ˡ
ϵʱİҲ˯ˣڸڵ鷿
Ƿ˵鷿ʵ˵ø񡪡϶˾̴
İ翴鿴ˣЪ
ūſɥ˵үڸ᷿Ъˣ˲ЩһİЪʵҲûҹ
ױ̨ǰĬĬʱİ˹ȥˡ
鷿ͿůİŸյڳԱߵƻֱ
Ҳû˵ʲôϻֱӾͿһ䣺γţСԺͽˡ
СԺİӣӴĹóƺ
νСԺָľӣĸˡ
İҪӣĸӰȫζ͸ҹһˡ
һͷ͵һֻקһ¡
İɫƽؿ
֪İ粻Ǻġ

ӣҪг裬Ҫӣν⣬Ҳˡ
ı˶õö࣬Ȼ֪˫۾
İ˼ǣҪԸ֮𣬴ŵκ˶һ˼
δȻ
ɫܳصϥûӦ֪İǸСã޺
Ůˣɲô룡
һ϶˼볪أ
ϾλˣҲġǰ֪㣬Ժδء
ԥ˰βŵүͻСΪǡ
İ˲ɫѿˡ
˵ʵҲǸʵϻ
⻰׵İôôԡ

İ뿪˱ո
һȥģа˰硣
ŰҲҪȥģ˵ӣֵҰмɽҰҪѵһѵĥһĥţܷųȥ
ŰȻ̫үŰ˰磬˾һ˺һ
͵ֵ֮ˡ
źţŰð˰ڻʰǰ顣
ҲɵġǶȥˣھ˭ס
ڶʹϢ˵ͷ۵²˴ҩҲãӳ
ǾŰһγûˡ


180 

İߵ죬ӣΪ̫˸ۣûſȥ͡
ǰһſİĻһ㶯ûС
İ翪ʼûӣû˵һͷӲһȻɵĨᡣ
۾һգһգģӲһŶ飬ȥ
İ翴ֱ̾
ĺסڼô޿ģʵЩ
ᣬ;һ˼Ļ˵
ֻܹ᲻ѡ
ӣమҰİܸпš
׵˰ôͷͷ
İôһ˲䣬ɴˣ
ĸڸġ
侲һ롪⻹ǲС
ʱĺ޲úͳٶһʮͺˡ
ˣԣүİںڰУӣʪӣĴǣοŶϺ
ӣźģеѳ˼ڱŽŽţߺĳİӲᡣ
Ҳſˡ
ݽֻ裬͸
İҲûūš
һĵְȥӣһ߾̾ɤֵͳصˣôűأ
ӣڴϣİԼĸеӤһͷֺݺһڡ
һ⣬뵽Ҫмµʱ䶼ĺ«ۿַȡ
ס
ӣԼڱԽԽˡ
ֱ˸ŧ
Ϊ֪ţĿŵƫţԸ̻¶ʵ
ΣѿΪ֪Լеϲŭ֣ڶԵǿɰ
Ȼ뵽˴Խ֮ǰһŮǲɷá
ǸŮ˵һλӣӡ̡
ҵǰǰκǰζܰһŮˣһĴˣϲΡС
ûİĸоѾ˺ͣԼسһӡ
طGһҪӣںڰУã˵仰
İͷһȣֽ§˻ݺݵƨϴһ£ûأ
˶٣ӣѾԺ֣ĸȫеһѵ˻
ҲѾ֣µĵˡ
Ͼڲͬ˸͡
룬İ绹ǰЩս˶˵Σƽǰˡ
İ뵽󣬰СӸͷӣԺֻ˵รҪˡ
รʱҲûġ
ûʢ̫ˡ
ӣδǺ¡
СһƬáİʲô˼ʲôá
İ֮ʱСճİƨɺ棬һ߸İӣһ߾͸˵үģūһľչ˺СӺร
İһҲû˵ʲôˣͳ˻֣˼Ͻȥ
СƨƨߵشȺлСԺ

ӣҲɵӣİСӰ˼ײ
ΪİߵˣǰҲϤģС뵽İ硣
С
ӣСӴžȥסˡ
СӺʿסһݣ߽һЩλá
൱ΪǴรģ˴˼֮ͬС
İߺû죬ӣͲĲ֣ͬĸϸøԱһ㣬һٷߴΣ飬ϸĵǼǣֵԱҪָӡ
ӣ͸оôչȥһƮ˼лǶ¼ˡ
⣬ͿʼĵȰȥҲ˴򽻵
ʵ⵹ûʲôڴԽ֮ǰӣǱ׼լԡ
罻ʲôģѹͲԡ
밲İ綼к˵ˡ
ڸӣ˸ɣҲܷܡ˵ӣԴ֮飬Ѫ飬ϥ߲ף÷硣
Ҳ˵ӳŵԺһ·ߡˣҲȾȳˡ
İ˼ȻȴҲֻܶЦӦˡ
İǾãȻӣǸ۵ģԾİ취ŹϣСԺԳһͳ
ص

ϣò׵Ъµʱһ߻ݣһ߾˳ְŵĸŵϣö͵ġ
öŸ㣬ĵ֣ȻڰоͶסˡ
Լգתȥ˰Σ۹ⲻǸϣܼѵĵ㣬ҲˣԵԲˣ
ﵹЩ⣬Цŵöôˣ֪Ҫˣ
öſϵĵƻ£û


181 Թ

ڶһ磬ö׼ȥŷأСӾ˵Ҫһˡ
ö˵ȻǸ֮ϲһӶֽ֪Ÿôˡ
öͽͰ͵СӣӸ磬᲻̫鷳㣿
˼˵ôЩСá
СҡҡͷȾȥ
ʵϣŷİ֮ǰѾʢ֣µĽˡรֻһˣ˸ӡ
һ۷ųЩҲһʱۣ˺Ϳ˼
ĸүļ裬һأҲͶûˡ
ŷܹܶ䷢ģֻûˡ
СӴöȥŷ˵ǡš˵ǡ򡱡
ŷûȼţǰŷǰǰתһ飬ǰ˵ĵط˿ˮʳĵζ
Ȼŷſʼรʳװ㡣
ߵʱŷܹһֱС͵ſڣ˳˸
СӿЦãĵλҵأ
ŷţת־Ͱö
ö˹۾ЦóллӸ磡
Сû£ֻЦЦ
ǰ˼Ȼ΢ģģ뵽ܾǰƺҲŷſڣ˸·ߵһСѾͷ
ԭ㣿Сתͷöѿڶ

СӺöصСԺӣŸոױ̨ǰϣ˵񲻳ˣϾҲҪʰˬ롣
Ϳ˸ƵģһϽ˺üˣϵؾͽ˵ͳ˼̣˼Σ˯˼Ρ
ӣһһ߶ϸϸļˡ
ĸǱһҲԼһ¶գȷ¼Ŀɿ׼ȷ
ⱾƽʱҲֻݵ֮
ȵЩʰ׵ˣӣȥ˿ӡ
Ƴǿյġ
ӣﾪһ£Ϳĸźʹֱԭղ򲼣ñľͰסˣû
ͱĸСķŽƳ
Ƴ۾һ߿һӣĿתӣ֣Ҫ
ӣһĸЦְѶӵָÿ
˯ȻƳʵҲӣùġͳƳ״СӣظϾͻƣдϼʮۡ
Ƴġڷϡ
ΪʹӤָ첲ƽֱ֮ⷭﻹḽϲӣסСȺ͸첲
ӣһοеܡȲ˵չţпܵɰȫ
Ⲽź͵۸첲ܲˡ
СƤ۰ţһѪҺѭҲڷʱϢΣա
ӣֱԼͼֽصƳ
Ƶת棬ҳҲκϢܵĲӡ
ù֮󣬸Ժ˹ˡ
ӣһ˵ǸˣǻһѣЩۣ֬žգò㵡ˣųȥ
ˣӣһ¡
˭Ҳû뵽Ǹߵ檡
ǴǰǸӣԱߣһǽ֮檡
ϼӣ΢¶ɫм֡ԹˡΣޢԱߣЦźܵľͰѻ˵һ顣
ԭǷ˸˼˲Сߡ
ӣֲֹǹֲ꣬ǹڣúõͻȻʹʲôߣ
Ȼ׹ˡ
ǸҪʾҿأİ˼ԺͶչˡ
ӣˣһĸź͵Сָնлһ߾˵¸³һǴˡ
Ѿĸӣ죬ѺǶһ֣Ҳףף
ӣﶯ˶
Цž˻ޢʱ䣬ϸϸѯܸܲʹܴܲǸ
һ⣬ʵûޢֱ¡
ȵ︩֮ӣ߾ӣǵʱСӹȥүǶˡʱ
ӣĵǡˡҲͰˣรڴλݶǲรֱӾܾҲǲܡ
ƫƫ⡰ˡǸ
ʵ˵ĸֱһЩ⺢ʲôɡ۾ۡģ
һĸû
ȫ˵Ҳ˵

߳ӣСԺϲǿ̧ͷ
ӣϤ뵽˴ǰ¡
ʱ븮ʱ䶼δ㽡
ǻסһԺ
񻹻ѱʹ͵ĲϷһЩǡ
ڣѾǸ߲ʵรˡ
ϳĬҧס˸ɺԶѵ촽
ӣймйʣйĽڡ
ޢǰߵðͦأĿбӣÿһۡ


182 £

صԺʱ򣬻ޢǰ棬Ͱӣǵһ¡
Ƥһ½ˬˬ
Աߵ廰κһֱûҵᣬֻ֣վڸһ
ޢ˵ӣôʹʹӦ飬һЩ
Ȼޢ˵⣬²ӣƺҪú׼һͨ
͸Щϰ¡
ޢȥ֮󣬸һĥ˳Ϊİ粻ڣû˳ɽˣԶȨʾȫķ
ȻЩˡ
飬ʵЩ嶯ˡҲһʱҪնĵλ
ϾĸӣûһǴġ
ии˼
ֻźԺļŮˡҪϣΪոΨһģŮ˵Ĵڡ

ۿŲŸոյµѮ¸³һкüء
˵รθȥƷģ˹ȥ
θƷģȺȲҲͰˡ
ɹǱٹȥġ
˵һֻĹԼҪ٣รԺﵯ˺ü˵Ц̸
Ľʣӣ˲졣
รû룬˶ܹˡ
žסˡ
ǰһֱӣӱ˵ǸСŮˡСŮСǳԼһĶֵأİ类Ůȥˡ
ʲôġҪİˣô죿
£İ縮ҲûС
ȥˡ
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ݡ
θҲͰˡϾθǸˡ
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ͲһˡΪ⹢ϵԸӲֲͨһֱİΪһ˵Ĵڡ
Щʱʲôˣǡˡ˵İԵøֱз
صط֣Ϊĸա˺ӣϹȻǲͬˡ
Ӷˡ
ϲΪ

ܿ쵽˴
˭Ҳû뵽ǣǰһϣθԼݵܵԺȥˣ˼ͷ˵Դ۰Ȼ˵⼸Ƣθ˷ӡ
¸Ҳ֪ģʴЩû
θ˵˴ҩӾر˯ֻһˡ
Цʲôӣˣǻܽ
θϵ⣬½ء
̧ۣڵƹؿθҲ˵ʲô
θﲻ
Ͼ϶ԴǺм۰ġ
Ȼθϥǣͷ͵ȥ
ʵҲôաؿ֮һ
ôҲʲȥ
Ͱ˼Ӻգθ

İڸ⣬ڿŴվõļš
Ǹ͹ģ˵ʱ﷢ʲô¡
һƽİ̤ʵһЩ
һҳǸһƪʺ
޷£ʳͷϲҪ˯̫٣Ҫнƣɹơ
һƬµİ翴ͷۣĵֱ͹λﻹ˵
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ֽƮƮϣķһ͸Ź
˰ÿ˳־Ͱֽһ̡
Ҳ֪Ǽ飬Ȼ̹ȴ棬ֻǷźϣ˳ֽѹˡ
˰΢Цŵĸ翴˼飬ôŸˣ
һ;಻˳˶Щͷۣ˰˰⻰˵Ҳͻأ
һƣʢʹʳнˣ˰Ҳʢһ㶣漴ĸ˰밲ˡ
ȵ˰Ҳ˳ȥʢһĽʳд򿪣鵽µһʱ򣬳һⱡֽ
ˡСӱģ˵ҲǸ顣
С£ֻҪรĸйصģ©
İ翴ǰ棬С˵ˡรԺˣȹȥһЩθ񣬹
İüͷһ£Щʹ졪֮ǰѾɵ˵˵ģٸ
ҿɵҲȫȻɵθдûг谮ӣ߿£ġ
ϴǨ¾ܿˡ
һϣ˵ӲЩȴҲǸǷǵġ
һŤŤŶ棬С˵Ҫ磬˼øСӶȥһۡ
θǱߣȥ󸣽˵Ҫһ¾ûɡ
İŶţͰǰ󴮵һ


183 

һ֮İֽǰʳгһ
֮ǰͲӣ
˵СڣǱϾǸūš
СǰԺ鷿źģҲı䲻ʵ
һūţǶ϶Խͷȥġ
ʢԱ߲ľͰʳĲ˶˳ˡһʱ̸˿һ˱Ƭһ罷ʨͷһš
⣬ڰϣͲˡ
İӣ򵥳˼ڣͲˡ
һǰ۵ĻţȣִͷڳһʲôθҲûˡ
Щ˵ζӣȣֱԶˡ
İһʨͷơԵĲ˵ʨͷŴףӣǶ
⻹ûµĿζ
뵽ӣİ˼ֻصȥˡϲӣ˳ϲӡ
ʱӾͳȱ㡣
İ޲ӣԽӲԽáмǰηľͷ
˵ϲ
ԺĵһҪάԼĸ档ǡñϲ
Ҫʲô˵ϲ
ӣֻҪĳ谮һӡ
ٷõȻζҲûüӡ
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תתСİҪҪһ͹
ٳǰรİ˲ٰ潴ζŨζأǸŷζ
棬ҲŪʲôİĽͷ¸ˬˬ棬Щһˡ
İȻͷˡ
ܿ죬ڵȾ΢ϸһЩҲһ㡣
ʢվԱߣźŰѰ潴ȥˡ
һһ߲ӾͶŽԼܿóЩϸϸгɶ
ⶡ
ȥƽƽ棬һͻʱ˿
ʢվԱߣͲҲһڿˮ
ȵİˣźŰѱյȫ˳ȥźŵūš
һγţʵİ檵ġ
ʢֱˡһûɣȻԽ
̫ٶˡٶ۵İϲö
ظһΣⲻǴʲô
İʵˣĿһ˲Ҳôţû¡
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Ȼ˰һ¶
ȵҹ˾ʱİһݣȴҲûЪ¡
ʢźī漴ڵƻдŸĻˡ

ĻӸ
ܿĹȥˣθȻӣȻ˻˵ֻӳ٣ȡ
˶סⳡǷǰ첻ˡ
ͷȻˣ˵۾ˢˢĶรһͷȥ
ηӦ
ٰһ죬θľ͵ˣŴ档
ĸŮһ̷ɫװ²µɫԵּҳ
ӣθæһ߿еร밲һ߾ʾӣȥ
Ͼݲͬˡ
รڸλõףüۼȻһ˿ư֮⡪ĲþˣȦһƬ
֬ˮ۶ס
˵İ粻ôǶȥˣϾϥһһỤ̬̊Ȼͬ
รӣһһ߹
ʵչءʱգร͸úӣƽˡ
Ͼǲรˣƽƽ
û˭˭һͷ
ร
͸һ˿ЦбϣƨɶҲûȻûаִƽͷ
һ¾Ͱˡ
Ŀ֮Уӣ֣ȵߵรĶ档
ͣ˽ŲվӶรЦЦ
˶Ϊӣรƽʱ
ӣӴֱ
ร˼ĵɴۡ
ӣ֮󣬲̧ͷ
รͿӣһģûʲô顣
รһŭ⡣

⻹ǴǰǸü˳۵
รֱԼ۾
ϴǰһոշ˲รû죬Ҳǰˣ
รһӾվ
รѾվԼǰ˼ӣ˳־ͽϵĲյԱһš
վŲæĵรԼǰˣȻͿظร˸ƽ
һǳ׼ƽһ
ร챻ҭˣ
ԱߣһĻǾ̡
ǰӣ˸ร
ӣǰȥˡ
ովֱӣͶӣ¶һ˿ѺõЦ⡣
รüͷšš˵ݵŻĴ򿪣һŮǷŸͳˡ


184 ζ

รû취ֻϵŭ⣬תȻͷһӵĸǶ
˶ڿ
รĿɨָϽջߣһµӡ
˳Ϳร˪
Цİֲڣϰһų˭أ
ѹİ罥Ҳᷳ
˷׷ϥ
λ֮ϣ
֮󣬹ŮС̾͹ϲˮ͵ġ
һɨθﱧŴรߵĸҲŶͺS
ٿӣһСѾͷСӴš
ңû͡
ӣȴ·ѾϤ˼һ㣬Цžվĵĸء
һ˵һ߾תͷö캰˽ɡ
öӦžͳȥˡ
ӣһ˵£ɫһ˿Σܿ죬ɫͻָ糣
Ϳһһҵĸˣ˸ǰ밲ĸźҲȥˡ
Ͳ̫ϰΧһôİˣСȣһС죬ۿžҪ˳
ĸûüסλСѾ۵һ޳
һޣรߵĺS·˸ӦһҲͿˡ
¿ɺá˵Ǹڸ磬ҲһۣûϯλС޵Ĳͣ
͵ҲͰˣรĺȴǸĴɤţһҪ˷
ŶԿ˵Ļ졣
ǿЦţʾĸǸϽһ塣
ร۶ӣվȥS
źSڻ˰죬SۿǺһЩˡ
һתߡ
۵һֿˡ
Сվӣ˿ĽǶȣรĺSͼüŪۣһ˵Ĺ
Sÿΰͷรֹܽס
һ̧ͷСӵĹֿˡ
รӿ޵ķҡ
ϯŸոտʼӣͷ˵θ§Ŵڽ䣬รȴ
ʲôѪĲ
ҪնĴڸУҪôȵ죬ӲѴһ۵һ
һﶼȺӶȿˣ
ร뵽Ҳܲˣͺʲݵĸ˸ԹӲصʵЩʣǰȻȥ
򴽽ǣÿɷؿ˿ڣ㡭
รһ£û׼Sֿ޸ͣķңҲͲˡ
รֱлĶ䣡
һ˵һ߱źӾתߡ
ĸҲ֪λ·ģȻòףҲֻܼæϡ
һ͸ŰѴҲˡ
ϯϵĺһʱͲղôˣ
ŸոѧÿӣСľӣһ˫۾ӵθתͷ
ն￴ӣƺʹ졣
ء
Сһ񣬾е㺦¡
θͷˣϽסŮС֣˻Σ˼ޡ
ĸźͣվӣǶػأȻ˾ŵһζ
ζʼֻһ㣬ܿ;ͽ˿
ȻζԽԽ
ûԲˣüͷ񣬾ס˿ڱǣ˿ӡ
ĸƿ٣һ£ɫһ䣬Ͻʹյӣߵ˵˼仰
ӣһһΣǱǾü㣬ãôĲȻҪ⾰ⶼ֪𣿡
ĸŵ޴룬ź;͹รˡūãūã
θϾģζ͹ŵƿ˺͵ٿһۣѽһ͵ôôɵġ
λԶЩżζҲŲµ˷ʲô¡
˵ĸǱźϴϴ漴ַһġ
ֲԼĺӣ
ôܲӣ
ҡ뵽ͷͷһ᣺ʵǰϺʷȣûоġ
Ͳ֪ôش
ӣһϻ̳Ͽֵվǹ˸ǰϥ£ֻȻȥһ£ϴһϴˣ˸ӣɨ˸ˣ
һ˵һĿź͵Ͻɫ͸˳
оԼŻ˳
תͷԳı飬նȰЦݣȥɣúίˣ
ӣһм㣺лĶ䣡
СԺСͰӣȵķԸ׼ȵˮ
ҿȵģﵹҲů裬
Ϳ֣ĸһ𣬶̺ŽССĺϴ˸ɾ


185 үؾ

Դһ֮ӣҲͲνѪ顱ʼӾȥ밲
֪ڱء
İ粻ڸô඼ûϵֻҪٰѺͲͽȥС
ʱ붼пԺΪиรڣӣݹԱ֮£Ҳͳ߷֡
θӣĸˡǺзִ磬ÿιʱ䶼ѡǡô̫磬Ҳ̫͵СҲһЩ֯ûڵʳ
ʱθ񻹻ӣ̸̸
Ͼθ˼ĸףӣǺԸθ˵˵Щ
θ񾭳Ҳ˹
ƺǺϲ͵ӣÿιſƳԱߣź;ܿð졣
θžЦǵͶԵ
ںԺ˵λĸףԽԽˡ

Ƽתۼ䣬ü¹ȥˡ
ǰİڻ˾ǡ
ȥͰ˰ǲ
ؾøϳӶᾫʱǰȺϳֵϴ˸ūźŻѣֱӾͽȥˡ
ʹԵ˵·Ϊȵ棬İһȥ˵һ飬ĵ佱ˡܸɡ
ʰôһ佱Աߵ̫ӾЩվסˡ
³֮󣬰˰ӿ˽Ų͸̫ү
һȥ֮طԱþٳȻ׸áϸ̡λү
İβģ˰ȴһ
û
˰ѡСɹصģЦɡ
Ȼ˾˰Ѿܵȫ͵̫үϡ
ʱ̫ƨɺ棬˵ľ¶ء
̫ӱ֣۽ЦЦ˰˰һۣϰˣʲô
˰Цž͵ܵ˼֪̫ܲ˶࣬Ҳأ
̫ϵЦݸˡ
һ㣬ʧˡ

İں棬һ·Ű˰ƨƵģճ̫ƨɺ档
ڵϵʱİ粻û̫ӵߡ
̫ԽԽˡÿһܵܵĳɳʰÿһ佱رԼĵλܵ
ȥĶʮһֱԼǱȻӽӰˡ
ʹ󰢸һֱĻ̫ҲûĸоԼĵλܵս
ȻһʵԽԽĵܵǳˡ
ʰꡭʢ
ıոյ֪ͨģ˵İͰ˰һѾ˾ǣֻȥֱϳˡ
˵Ҳá׼ʱ䵹ǸһЩˡ
ʵǰʱ䴫ļѾ˵ˣ˵ڻسˡ
ֻҲû뵽ô졣
Ժӣܿ͵õϢİѾص˾ǡ
͸һİдļ飬Ժݹȥ
ûռʸġ
ʱİʽˡ
Ŵһڸſӭӡ
İһӭȥүһˡ
İһҲûôӸĻȺɨһȦúӣϡ
Ķһ˲İ΢΢
ӣԱվĸﱧźͣİ翴ȥͷֺȻǱڻޣҲ˲١
ο˳ְϵӸԱߵūţʹ̤ǰȥ
Ǻ͸۲ĺ˼䡣
ȻӣͿһֱߵԼǰ
ӣ΢Ц
׻ǿŵģû̫¶ϲ֮飬ֻϥ밲ү밲
İַһʱӣͲİ߬
һοȥȴĮһΣҪ緢
ڳ֮ϣʦһγȥʾɣ
ӣôţͿİѾӹĸĺ͡
֮ǰİӣ޵ʱҲ¹ѡ
ƽʱҲЩϴ·ӣȥʱ䣬ӣѷƳ棬ź͡
ҲúϤζʹ˺þòҲ̫
ȻͿԼе㺦£СһۿҪˡ
漴ɻĳ˳Сӡǰϵζʵ̫Ϥ
ƺԼҹҹ˯ŵʱ򣬰ԼģҲζ
ס
İֻһĴ۾Сڿл˰죬סİǰ½
§סİĲӣˡ
İ类ӱ˸ͷ;ñŵġζ
Цֱ΢΢һѺϱ˱ôŶӣ̤ؽ˸ڡ
档
һ˵ȣæϡ


186 Ⱥ

ۿİ絽ǰԺ鷿ŲûҪͣµ˼ֱӾͰѺ͸ȥˡ
ĸظ˼ͣͷӣ
֪ôˡ
ӣﵹŰѺ
İϲ͵ȻǺ£ô˵棬Ҫһġ
ͣ΢΢һţСү
İȻıסˣͣ
ӣ˼Ѷӻû뵽İȻһУʾѺSҲ͹
ж
һ£รʱϲЦտˡ
æĸȥ
θΪ´ſǺŷ磬ΨһһûаԼӴǰԺģʱϲЩϧ֮ɫ
תϵ鵹ҲǴӴݵģ˾ͻ˻ֵȥɡ
ӣһһ˻صСԺ
ͳԺ󣬻Ͼû뿪ߣôźͺSһǰԺӣտġ
һźƽЬһ߾ͿϵɫรģĸҲǶأ
ӣЦЦĵʲôɵĵġϾ׵
Ͳһͱͻˡ
ͬŹģʢ
˼ˣźӣ鱦УĿϾӡ
ʢӣЦеؾ˵ⶼİ͵ʹ͡
ӣл
ϣİǰ˹֪ͨ˵Ҫӣš
ӣܶİؿζĲ˶ˡ
ûһʽġС
ɿζ
ȻİϲɿԪǶɿҲ̫ܵġ
ڼеģߣӣ֮ǰùġ
ȻͼֽϾʱûĶģҲײ࣬ĲƵġ
ӣ˾ͿЦã֮߸󣬴û
ʱó˿ǿҲá
ʱ⣬Ҳû֪ڵĸʽгʲô
İʱӣӭӳ͸񣺡ү
ҲôողŸİͰˡ
Ȼͷ֣Ȼôûӣˡ
һֳǲԼġ
ݣֻ۵ġ
İ뵽һ㣬پЩζӡСӸһֱûϹġ
Ҳ֪Ժϻƽƽ޲
ôһ롪޲
ĸ׵ʱһİˡ
İסӣ֣ԱûŽȥ
ȻҲڴ̹ǡ
İ翴ūǴ֮ڽȻ뵽ʲôӣֱżү齴档
ӣһͺˣʲôģ
İתͷúŵС̫ʳ
齴ģ򵥵һʳ
ʵʱѾˣİȥʱϲһڣתۼ¹˸͵һˡ
һ齴汻ӣͿİӣһڡ
ΪҪͽˣţȴİ˵ͷ˼Ҫι
ӣĿһӾˣ
һȺԼЩ׹ʵԼԴİظһһֱЩ޵ĵĵġ
Լ˵׼ȷ
İȥ˾ˣ˶پһЩ
İղôһӣȫˡ
ӣĳһ齴棬ֻƽƽ档
ôȵС
ǰƣҡҡͷ˼ǲԡ˶û
İ룬齴͸пһȥ׼Ľ
ذѳȥ·Ȥ飬һһ˵
ӣԱš
İ˵˵عٸģԱǷ׷׹Ի˵Ϊ˱ʾΪĳģѾիһ¡
ʱ򣬻Ҫ֮£ɡ
浽һ죬вֹһŵĹүˣ˳
һ²Ҫ³ȫǼѼ⡣
ʲôի䣿
˰ǲμģ龰ͺˡ
ߺǼŵˣƨž͹ڵϣĶ̵һƤסؿͷ
ֱɹ
İһ˵ţһ߾ѽѽĶ
ĸոոιˣǾʢʱŹӣİȥͿŤֺСӣëëһƳһҲ֡
ĸڴſ
İĸæȥˡ
ӣȥѺͱڻ;͸ද֢ͯƵģ§ӣĲӾͲȥһͽˡ
İɨȥӣɿ¶һϸ۰׵ļӳںӨͷļ羱
İһ¡
İֱĸźͳȥˡ


187

ĸŤŤȥСһ˼ǻ̫Ըȥĸţȥˡ
ʱ
İһ˳ȥ˺ü£ûԵŮˡ
ӣ뵽⣬̧ͷһۣԱƮһ¡
İǰһӣӣЦ
סӣ֣һֻ˹ط˷
ӣͷһʶؾͱƵ˼ֱϥǺ˴ߡ
ͣ
ֳȥһĺ«ԽԽǿˡ
ֱ˵ˣӣ΢΢ָ߬ŬԼȻһЩүûźϴԡء
һ˵һ߾͸оԼӶˡ
ƺ쵽˲ӡ
İ粢˵ֻǵͷСɵ°ͣշת
ӣˡ
޶˶˵оһˮָһ˲Ϯͷİȥ⼸£һںԺĵģ£Сģ衭
ٸн
ӣ̧죬һֹֻסİĲӣؿ
İ϶ŨŨζ
Ȼųȥ˼£ӣͷİƺıñԭ׳һЩ
Ѳ֪ǲ۵ģ΢΢ЩݣҲȴǰһЩŸһϸС
͸ӳгİڣ񿴲ĳǸжһ㡣
İ߾͵ˣԺүĶȥǡ
⻰˵Ǵĵ׷ʵһ˳ȥߵϣЩˡ
һСӣʲôأ
˵ˣȻôˣɸ߻һȺūأء
һģԸ䣬ʲôҲˡ
һƽ
İôţĬĬذӣøһЩҲŵĸˣˡ
ӣȻһӾˡ
ģһұҲ¡
仰Ÿ˵꣬;ôһǼȵĴС
İ縩ͷסԼĴ

֮İ緭˴齣ȰѴ£ˣȻūˮ
ӣǰҲûˣֱӱ˴
öӶ֪ˡ
İһβͬȥĸ¡
ĸµ飬ȫȻݿ
û
ϴԡ֮Ů̺ŰϲϴɾѣӣƹͿİѾˬĿڴͷˡ
һ£һɣ̧ۿ΢΢ЦȻôˣ
ӣ˲ˮϺ
ɶԸĨˣ˼Ц
վڴϣİһ֣ͰԼ
ůȣƽӣĵġ
ʱȴе㺦ˡ
ܵüСģүҪˡ
طGҲû׼лΣֻδسܵס
ӣ飬Щ˼ˡ
û취İֻתȥ顣
һߺһ˸ѣ̵ĸӣĺģһûһµš
ӣڽ
İ纰ūŽϨ˵ƻԼȴ
ӣһ¾͸ˣү
İ֪ˡ
Ҫˡ
ʲôȥԺӣ
û˵ߵǰ˲յ˼ڣ߻ڴϣӣĺףЦеôôµģ
ӣˡ
Ҳİڶͷ˫۱סİԴĻﲻסĥ䡣
İողǿѹס˼㱧˸
͵һӣֱʾɿԼ
˵˴ϣİӣӣססӣļͷ˳һ¶ǰͷĬԼǰ
̲סЦŵ٩ôүţӣԽԽˣ
ӣû˵άû
ŷš
ţΪİ粻ˡ
ӣȻЩȻһռġ
ǲţ⼸İ⡣
İǺϲġ
˵ĳɳǸ̬Ḷ́û˻һɲġ
أ

ڶһ磬İؾͽ˹ûڸš
ȥ죬죬һֱæĺܣҲҹˣֱӾ鷿ˡ
ǺİദҲһֱҲᡣ
֮Ͳܣȥһ˲оľԶˡ
㷲
ֱС̫˵İֻҪ˸ǰԺ
รҲûȥġ
һİûȥӣʱͷġ
漴űʶʲôʱԼѾҪϵĵó̶ˣ


188 ֢

ԺİѾһҲͲԭ档
Ǹס档
ֻʱ䣬Ժ˸ո˺͵ӣ˹ɡİǷҲӡ
棬˼ַӣϣǸĹؾɳˡ
İһҲڹæţڶˡ
ǸΪ˼꣬Ժټѵ˼Ρ

ˮ
Ͻǡ
һ죬ټ˺Ժ̶ѧʿ鷨˵˼λ󳼣͵˻Ӷ鷿
ʦո뿪鷿ǸԼϰεʱİʮд
Ϊ꼴дҲһЩƽĻ
ؾдһӡ
ʱ򣬻˭Ҳûϵһæվȿֺǰ͸ʰ
ͷö־鷿һȦ۹İϡ
ԱߵĺԺ̶ѧʿֻһ۾סˡİдıʼүʮ
Ҳסˡ
Цֽ͸İܶ࣬ѧϰȴ޵壡
һ˵һ߾ᵽǰӵ顣
ԭԴİרʿҪȥ˵ǻʰƽҲСȥڸкúоѧϰԡ
˵ֿ֮佱İ鷨پбʼͨӺݻѧԼ߱
Աߴ˶Цˣ
мȤڳƶİΪԼд档
˰Աߣ״ؿİüۡ

Ժӹ÷ɿ죬תۼֵʮһ
ʱѾһˣҲԽԽϲˡ
ǰͿȣڵĵԴ࣬˭Цɰˡ
ӣֱʮСʱ᲻÷֡
ֻﲻͣԼǧҪһ簮ĸס
ʱѾ˵һЩ򵥵ĴˣĵİһЩ򵥵Ĵʣ硰ԡ˯򡱣
ÿ˵ӣСĶ챻Ȼˡ
ΪǶˣºӣָ֯˺ĺü˫Сӣÿһ˫Ӷȥϸļټ飬֤治ͷ͵Сš
øͣƳСӾԼͷס
ӣϽˡǴϵġ
ΪʾӿչƳԱߣԼִһӡ
ʱӺִе㲻̫һܵƻǺġ
͵ɴ۾ϸţһԼԼֺСѾһ˼ı顣
ӣ׼ȥӵʱ򣬺ͺȻԼСӡ
ӣϲĶЦˣ
ʱıģرǿʱ򣬶ҺҲأʲôͻѧʲô
ÿİʱֻҪǵĶӣĸѺ͸һȥ
СÿζǾſڣȥ᲻ĵĸȥһ
ʱſƳԱߣС⽾ͻͷסУֱ˯˴
ʮͷʱӣͷһ顪ͱĸ·ʱе㲽ǡ
ʵ͵С·ײײҲǺȻһһ·һЩǿں档
ӣ͵һ֮ǰ·ݻСʱһֱ˯Ƴġ
ʹȥҲд˱š
ʲô⣬ʱҲʱ򿴳Ҳˡ
ŵͲȥǰԺ鷿İ硣
İһ˵ȿ⣬ҲһӾͺ˴
û̫ҽ
֮ǰλıոġ
ˣ˵รĶЩ׵ﵱʹСˡ֮ǰҲǺúõѽûɺȻͱȳˡ
Ѳʲô֢
ϰµһˣӲʲôëҲû
İȻģһرֱڹ̫ҽ
̫ҽǺһףúදȴҲֻҡͷ˵СһǺƤһЩá
ӣԱߣϾĸģȦˣǿ̫ҽѾһϹ
İź˵˵ƤƤȳӵأ
СĬĬĶһǣһ˶Χźʲô
ȵ̫ҽڱˣС˵˺͵СԱߡ
ͼȻǾʢĽ׶ΣϾ̫ҽղһڣҲЩˣʱֻСȾ˯ˣཱུϷźΡ
ůȵĸһӣȥӸСӣһ߸һ߾ͿС죬ʶĵ˼ȡ
⼸Ҳһȳһյġ
ӣˡ


189 Ĺ

һżֻû뿪Ƴ˻άƣۿȴһȡ
˲͵ں͵ϡ
ӣӸӲˣȴһ߲һ߾һƬģ
ӿ
ǴԽǰǴԽҲͷһص衪һᵽĸ׵顣
ԭʲôʹʱĸ׵ǱȺӸʹǧٱģֱ޲溢ӵü
ֻҪû¡
İ籾Աߵģʢʲôо治Ծ
һͷͿӣԼϵĲᡣ
İ˹ֹֻһԲ˹סӣļͷ
ôһգӣʱſˡ
ſ⣬̧ͷүô죿
նʱ
ʢԱ߾͵ͷ˼۾ĵһƳеĺͣҲ̾һ
˭õأ
ۿร⣬гӣ˭֪⺢ӾȻǸȫġ
รҲǿ
İ˽§סӣ֣ӣ£һ̫ҽãϽﻹԵľͨƵ̫ҽ
˶٣Ͱοӣٲã⹬Ĳɣҽȥ
ӣ⻰̧ݺĨһᣬһϣİ磺ģ
İͷ͵֤ȥҵõĴ򣡺ǵĺӣҵȻҲͬһ
Ȼ˵гȴҲϰ¡Ͻ̫ҽѰĴʸǧѡɳ֮µġ𡱣ÿһɵ֮
̫ҽʲô⣬Ĵܿ
İ뵽Щ磬ȴֲ̫¶
ӣѾʧˣٲסЩĹǶûˡ
˲ƳԱߣ˭Ҳû˼ȥ飬ֻĬĬض˯еĺ͡
˯ü㣬Саƺڳ̡
ӣֻһһķ飬ؾһЩİ硣
ƺϴһЩ
İסתͷĶͷһοǡ
ӣŲ֮ƺЩֲڡ
̧ͷͿİ촽ѾЩƤˡ
ڹæһ죬һˮȵӡ
Ͼǵˡ
ǻʰ磬ҲһæĹ˲Լʱ
ӣİ촽Ȼͷһ¡
Դ˺֮ﶼҸÿһۿͿɰЦֵʱ̡
˱·ȫ硣
˼˵޹һᣬ㡱˼ɡ
ȴûʶԼȴͬʱİˡ
İ翴˵֪ӣżǽһ˫ֽ߬Լ¡

Ժûһ͵Ϣ
ȳӣȵһ¾ʹӴСԱվ
С̫ĵ˵ͷ
ӹµתͻôСȳһȣ֮ҲǸˡ
ȵʱϱٵó裬Ҳ곤ɫ˥ʱ
ǸĳȥкֻรĺS⸮ĸֿɾֲһˣ
һţһ߳ţȥ
ޢ뵽һŸ͵˭뵽飡ɼү׻Ǻء
֪ޢ˼⻰˵Ĳ̫¶ǡתͷ͵˻ޢһۣ
ޢһڣ֪ʧԣŵĸϽҲ죬ĬĬԱߣٲҶ˵һ䡣
һʱλ̫ҽรҲ˶
ϣСӹǰͰһ顣
˵ͻȻȳˣǰҲûף̫ҽǶ˺üˣҲ˵Ȼรֻżþүֱأ
Сӻɫ˵
รЦˡ
ַ̧ؿڣֻ֮ޱȳ졪û뵽Ҳһ죡
˭õ
ֻԺһƬ̹;ˣû룬ԭĶҲǷˡ
ร뵽Խ͹λʵǺ۹⡣
ֻӽ׳Ķܵ½ĺ
รǵáϻûʱ򣬵仰İܡ
Ȼ˺SͶ
뵽SԽ⣬˺ĸȥѺSơ
Sһͱˡ˯Ķ࣬أצû
รúö͸ˡ
ժϵĻףë׵ԴͷںSԴһڣԶӣ
ЦžԱߵСӳԵĶ࣬θҲãūŲ˲ٺӣûС˽׳õأǲรĸ񣡡
ร⻰һЦˣصȥա


190 үķŭ

ϡ
ʷʱรȻòãѵõģҲҲ泩ࡣ
ԼԺߡ
ūǶȥֻһʫร⣬һȵԺ䡣
İǰ鷿һݵغǰ衣
һΰ¹ʰͻȻͰ˰佱̫ү񣬻д󰢸Աߡ
ź͵ȣİ˼һӿ
ʵľˣղͷеۣſ˻裬ͷǲˣκˡ
ǻƵĻš
İ֪Լˡ
Ȼᣬʰ곣ǿ˵ᣬܾݣҽ߽δǱ壬ƽʱעЩ˯˯ʳʳ
ʢİ뵽һ䡣
ʢƨƨߵľʹˣү
İһվӵķңǻ֮ƣȥߣתһת
Ҳû˵ʲôָָһ˦ӣ־ͳȥˡ
ʢ֪ģһܶүʲô
Ҵҵؽ˼Сֻ̫࣬ŻŴһյƣ׷İĲ
İǰԺһ̧ʶؾӣǱݾСȥ
뵽͵ȣ뵽̫ҽǸ޲ߣİҡҡͷֱ̾
ͷʢջҽҲǻ˺ô󹦷ģרͿȡ
İ治ٿӣᡣ
˶٣ԼûʶԼ²Ծת˷
ȻţȻߵร
İǰЩİ룬ʶѾһûรԺˡ
ЩСŮӡ
İ̾һͿรԺſڵĵǺɣλεĹһţǵҹɫ˸յԺ
ôһ˲䣬ͻȻоص˸ոտʱ
ʱҲոմϽǳŷ˱үᣬƤ衣
ոոߵʱҲǰһӡɰ衣
ӣ
İôţȻͷͶһ¡ӿһ֮⡣
ǲðӣ˱Ƚϵġ
ֻ̤ʵĵףΨһ޶ƫ
ǵĺӺ͡ӵı
УĬԼ˼ϵС̫ྲشŰĵ̵ĵܡ
ûκ졣
ԺʫรһȦȦ䣬ոſڣȻͣȴࣺร˵ǲǣรǱӦ˭˲รôܣҪū˵ѽ¿ɺãѵıڶϣ
ʢſţֻûѪҺ˲䷢䷢
ƲסĴ̧ͷİı顣
รڵƻİӰﵹʮʹ졣
˵ĺã
ƲƲʾͬЦûЦʱֻſһͳһһֵȥ
ร˲ͽԭء
˼ĵɴۣȵӦ˭֮󣬿ʫŵͨһˡ
รתſİվſڣĿ
ûķŭ
Ȼᣬȴ١ѻʹ֮󣬱һ侲Գ֣ϲŭɫ
รһμ
ˣſʫ͹ȵӦһƺݺݵȵ˿ʫϣūţͷˣ
ʫصֻ֪ͷһͷϱĳѪ
ƺҲۣű־֧š˵嶼һֵŤš
СӴİ纮˪վſڣรڵϣʫֳ⸱ģ
Ȼ֪ž巢ʲô£ǲҲµ߰˷֡
СӸϽľǽҲûҿ񡪡ʱ˭Ҫ𰢸үע⣬˭ǲҪԴˣ
İվԭأСӲ֪ǲԼĴֻİ۽ǵļƺ鶯һ¡
Ŀɨ˹
СȻںǽǣǵĿɨʱļ⻹̲סһ
รǳŲסˣŵˣϥǰ˼קİ°ڣŻŵصү⹷ūųıӵȻϷรûڱûУҲ˶ˣô᲻֪ʱеĿʹջϽȥأ
Сڱţסͷιɱɣ
Ǵ˵
ĸҲŻŵıźSϳˡ
Sİรϡ
ҡҡͷ̷̣¶һܵĴųЦ⡣
Ц⽥ɢһЩ
ร̧ͷͿЦŵģ۾һ¶ȶûС
ร亹乣Ŀ£Ȼ˵һĻ


191 

ڼĿ־֮Уรֻİ³֣ϳȥ
ǲ๵ᣬſʫĿҲ
ֻҪ뵽ղū˵͵รıӦ
İͺ޵
ǱӣǱźֻ͡Ҫûеڶ·
ʫղŻڲҲˣһ˵һԵˡ
ɫȵһ֮漴ͽĳסรȹڣҽеรȾūţร
СںҲЩˣصͷ
ܹ˭أ
ֻ˵үҪ˿ʫ
˭뵽İѾһûˣƫƫͽˡ
ƫƫĻϢк
ƫƫײ˿ʫԺʱ
ôɺϴһ𡪡үûӶȥ
ʫС̫ȥˣİǵ̣ܿС̫˳ʫ档
ŮҪǵӵġ
һȥʫʱҽһ
̵̫֪ү˼Ҫ
һıһݡкˣѾͷܿЩѣܵĥ
ܿ죬ʫûʲôˣԴſڳϣ¹֮¿ȥ˾͸ڴƵ
ֻڴҲббĴڵϣʱڵء
Ժūǹһأ˶亹乣ŵòססĿţֹֹס
รҲŵˡʫĵ͵Ѿͷźˡ
ǴѾߣҲūţ֪ߵغ˵ζƽʱݵġ
İ粻ɵӣҲ벻һ㡣
˵ֻǿһԶŮϰˡ
شʫǶľ棬ǶԺԺ˵ľ桪ӣѾǲรˡ
ǹȥС
˶ӣһ˿
Ȼ⡰ˡȻڡ
รԽԽ£֪İ羿Լ뵽һ㣿
Į;ȴǰˡøӾϣϡ
Ǹʱ֮䣬ʱܵһ˿顣
һΣվǰˣüѾЩİˡ
ร뵽Լһ·ӷ޵յʧ裬
ֻŷŵľ𾪡
ڵϣȴǿûȥ
С󷽿ţо¶һ˿ۡ
İûٿรһۣתȥ

СԭصãȷİѾԶˣǰȥϽรรūŸϽȥɣ
ʢµС̫࣬ޱԱʬ
ร뿴ֲҿ̨֮ǰǻͷһۡ
ϯӹŵľ¶һ˫ūǴĲЬ
ŵѾɢǿʫĽš
˫ŵ˾һ֮ǰַԺء
รԼǸˣģҲǸūš
Ȼһ̣ȴĪһʹ
طGҲ̫Щ
СԺǶĸӣ˶ˣ
ร۾̨̤ףҹѾˣȻȴԺĵƻ
һյյĽ
ŸҲ˸ղŵĶɣ
СȹţϸϸĽΧһ顣
ȻŹรߣรصģūأūŻһֱߣ
ร̧𷺺ۿؿСһ˲
С̧̧֡ȥʮִ󵨵ģȴЩԼҲŪ׵հǰ˺
Ѿٿտ츲รֱȴĬĬ˻
ֻظ˵һ飺รģūأ
ร뵽İ磬а޽
һҧһȴᣬڽͷСӵļ
ƻ֮£СӹıֱŬԼļȥรš
һ

ڶһ磬̽Ϸʲô¡
ޢţȶӾֱ
ү
Ҳ˵ʫĻҲԺ˵ģ
İ˸Сˡ
ϯӹ̧ȥˣֻ¾ˡ
ޢʱ򣬺Ȼƽʱ˵Ǿ䡰˼̸Ī˷ǡ塣
Ī˷ǡκʱȱĶԼ

ʱĴˡ
ҲʢԴŵģȥԺǶ˳ȻʹȥรԺˡ
ʷ꾩붬ĵһѩȻǰǡ
ոԺ˳ȣؽѩѻӨӨ󣬷ĵĺ⡣
ټӸһ·ʢ󣬲̧ͷ˵λรεó裬İνĸӷϡ
ȵԺӣ̨ػŵţʢǰһ


192 Ī

ӭ
ǴֻһŽ壬üĿĹӦǹߵĴŮһæ˸
һ˽ȥˡ
ůյļȣһȥůģͷֻ̧ŸŽص󸾡
Ͻ͸ʢȥ
ӣĻҲ죬ūȲôȻһҲ
ȻǲҲҺȵġ
ûϵλรԭƽ׽ˣʱͲ緽ǰˡ
ϴɾ֮󣬴ȥ͡ʱո˯ѣƳﱧŸӣָߣ̧ͷͳЦЦ
ȻǹΪӵܣϾҲǸɰޣ۵ôһЦЦĶˡ
ȰԸֺ˺һȥ͵ȡ°޸ˡ
Ͳ֪ʲô˼ΪǸأǺϵģͰС˳ȥ
ȸܲƵģһе۵źڡ
ֻȣ׼ֻ
͡ѽĴһƳһͰһֻС˴
˸Сƨ
ۡ
ӣţţЦޡôһޣôүҪЦأ
ˣüͷ
ӣѾЩ׼ˣ֪λǿȻ
Ȼ棬µ˵˰죬˵͸һҲ˵ô¡
ӣʧػߡ
Ǳǲʡ
˶˵ҽأ
λһߣӣ緹ˡ
ôθڣ
оһϣˡ
뵽İڹ˵ڴûпȻ
žſֱ̾
ȥĸѺٱ
תͷȥĸˡ
ͺܿ챻˳ӣлһ˿ãϣղŴʱСЦϣɫҲġ
žǺܽӰ
˼ǿԼЦݣ쿪ֶŶӵ
վԭأֿӣЦ漴ѿĸ֣ײײؾӣ
һߣһȳһյӣ
ӣһûסһԭˡ
ԭأϥǾͷޡ
öԱ߸žĨᡣ
Ȼ˶ԭθŴˡ
һݣͲղԾٿӣȦģϻһۡ
͵£θ֪ġ
ֻ˵粻֪ô£ȻȾȳˡ
θҲĸ׵ˣʱӣԱ£͸ֻ̾
ȻθͰοรҪģСӹͷۣǽͺˡأҲǺ
һϸ˵һ߾͸ӣӡ˵ǰǱߵԶһӣҲǴ̥ϴë
˾͸ƵЬӣȳ˵ȸһЩ·ʱƽ⡣
Ժ󣬿Ҳرԡ
ոСӣȽŶõúܣθŬοӣ
һ߰οһ߾ͰѴˡ
ߣȻߵߡ
žöеˣ־˾ԼĶ
ĿתؿĶȻҲ֣קקԼĶ䡣
θžЦ˳
ЦЦţȻͷ·ʶʲô͵ͣסЦתͷӣٵصร뵽һ¡Ȳûë
һ˵һ߾ͽ͸ӣСʱϲģµġ
ҲģԺĳ·Ҳ˵
ӣһ;еϸϸŲһ顪ҪԼԺҲûȳӰ
θüͷͽǰһ顣
һҲʲô¡
ӣⷨӿС
Ժ˲ͳT̨ÿ˶ʱװģһź˶ӣǰ߹ȥ
ӣ̨ϣɴۣǰػصūš
ÿ˶

С⽴ˣˡ
̽СͷԺſڹһ£Ȼֱ𾪵ˡ
Ժڸʲô
ˣˣСԴǽǸ̨ߡ
ûע⵽
ӣǰʱС⽿ûע⵽ԼȻ˲ͱȳˡ
һȳһյķ̨ס
ӣעСһѾ
һȳһա
ⲽôĪе죿
ӣڵһ¾վȵȣ
ԺūŻ㣬ӣһΪͣ
վˡ
ӣС⽺ͽݡ
ĿСһȳһյߵƳԱߣ̧ǰצſƳأŷɫСͷСֱҡβ͡
һͱסĹͷݺһڡ
ӳ﷭˳Сһȳһա
һһݽȥ


193 û

ӣĿɿڴ
ϣİһظСӾ͹˵รүȥ
İ絹Щ⡪ǰӣܣӣ˵
ӦǴ򿴳ͷ
ȥ·ϣİСӣĲô
СǸʵӣİǰ˵ѾЩսսˡ
ʱһİʻСӾ͸ˣֻǵรϲĽūŸϽүأ
İ˾Ϊ֮һԱߵʢҲ˾
ʢͰصȻֻ䣡
İ絽ӣСԺͿϲӭ˳һɨǰһӵ̬һ϶Ǻ档
ôİҲܻϲȻʲôͻԵĽչ
ӣż˵İ֣ӣ£Űǰһ顣
ȻͽθʾԺ˵Ķ
İ翪ʼŻͦô£˵;ȻǸСѧġ
һı顣
Ӷյëҵ˸Դӣһʯ
ظ
˵ˣԼһԱߣֱ֡
İԱ߿ҡҡͷ漴⹷ˡ
һ˵һתͷͷԸʢȥС⽺īһ͵ǰ鷿ȥ
ʵѹ͵Ȯġӣ϶᲻С⽡
ԸҲīۡ
ӣһҪСߣ̾վˡ
˵ȻӾϥȥˣү
Ȼ˵ǻСѧС⽶ԺҲһƬİ
ʱС⽱ﻹʹءκʱֻҪб˿ͣС⽶Ļš
ҪôƴУӣע⡣
ԺС⽹ˣݡ
С⽽ݣ;ͿĶ

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뵽ԽЦԷǣӣֱ˼˿οīۺһǰԺ鷿СҲȥһҼһԺȵʹˣϲСūͻҲ١
ӣҲ֪İӣѾǾǨԼˡ
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ӣ໵ؽһƨƨܱߵ룺ѾͬС⽾ټҰǨȥˣȻ˵Ҳ
ߣ
ôһǰһֱͦײİĻ
İ§ͰԼĺܽ
޼䡣
İĺףȻ뵽ʲôƵģ̾һ꣬ǵýģ͹ͻʰ궼ҪӡҲҪˣ
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ӣͷ֪źͽȥүİš
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ˣ뱣ˣ¸
İϸĿ˿ǿӣм⡣
ӣİˡ
СŮ۵̬һζĺ¡
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ӣҲһЩ
ڱһ࣬һİźͽҪע
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Ȼԡ
ӣ΢ĬĬɻԭ
ءรĺSǱĻҲӦúͺһڸߡ


194 ¶

ڶһ磬С⽾ͱˡ
İص˾µĹС⽺īСȫ˽ȥ
СˣΧŹҲҵתתȥ
ǰ㲻л
С̫౧ſڣͷӣҲ֪Լ϶ʲôСһΡ
ӣָ˺ö๷¶ȵͣỵ㹻ܳϺüˡ
θڶʱ򣬾յʹ͡
ʵҲʲôضǲϣһ࣬ټϸС⡣
θܳлˡ
ǰ鷿С̫࣬ԵҲû˵ʲôȵ˺Цеˡ
θԺʹ֪ͣԼǱˡ
ˣİϡİ˼ร߿£ȥ
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ո˯һأ涯۾ʹˡ
վ̨ϣԿһԺʹ͡
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һ򿪣ﱦɫ⡣ǰԺȥ֪ⷿǸθ񡪡İ綼˵ѡ˲ûֱ͹ȥС
ɼүҲǷܵĺܡ
ƷȻҪรġ
΢һЩЩɫ嵭ҲรϲĿʽ
ѡѡȥѡ󣬸ĶŨīزʵɫ
ɫȴСѵϲ
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θţе˵ķƺջ
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ó裬Ůûΰʹͣ
ţŮʵϡֺγǸֱֺ΢ң

С֮󣬺ûҵǿ˺üΡ
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˵İ¾Ρ
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Ŷ˼
θÿιʱ򣬴񶼻ȥ͡
ÿһΣθ񶼻ᵱӣ棬ǳضԴ˵СʲôʲôҲιԶԲС
ӣ֪θõ˼
ûú뿪ֵߡ
ǿֲˣöͻ̶ϡ
֮͵һᱣ֤пεūš
ȻͻСӣҲͿˣŮӣһ˳ܵӡ
ǳ˳ֱûҡ
Цݣƺű˱ġ
ֻеź͵ʱ򣬴ϲŻɢַĵ׵΢Ц
۾Ҳۡ
ܵܺŶ
ĺϲܵѽ
ͱԴ޸Сˣκ˶һԼȫȻֻͺϲˡ
Ҳϰ˴Ĺ
Ȼһ;ͻǳػ˻֣СȣƳ
Ա߾ַźʹԴСˤˡ
ͶЦ˻
θԶţϺЦؾһ˿Զ΢ҲûϵӾȻôͶԵ
ϾʲôֺöȲ¶
Ĳɹġ


195 ʿ

ʮת˲͹ܿ͵ꡣ
ѾӣԽ֮󣬾ĵһˡ
ոյʱյʱ򣬻ΪոȻΪУȻͬ
ʵһͷҲɨݡ񡢻ꡢٰȵȡ
гԳԺȺ顣
Ͻ¶ʮ幬Ѿӡż١ҲĽ꼪գ¡
Ͻһӡٸͬʱӡȵտӡ
˲Ũ
ոһϲ󣬺Ժ֡񡭡
˴дʵðֽġ֮󣬲Žڰ׶ɫıߡ
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Ҳ
Ͼ˶еĸô˵Զڱ굱ļ衣
ҲǶ鲻ϡ
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¶ʮţǵ鷿ѧꡣ˳ͥŲǬ幬Ա߹ȥ鷿
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ڳһӣʱ̸ûɲסһȺӳȥһɢһ˵˲ٻ
һʱ䣬ףڡ
ȵòɢˣѾϦбˡ
˹ţʮͻСȻûȴĵСβƵģİ
һţŶӾͶİüصĸ磬Ҷˡ
ΪүٲãҲϽ⹬ĴֵԲһͷ
İ֪ʮǱŷӸֳıոء
ؾͻذɣ
ʮİ˰꣬İȻԼҲᣬǿʮȴܾԼġӡƵġ
̲סؾ뻤ӡ
֮ԵǺ˵ġʮĸλݵͣߵ磬ʮСС鷿޿ܵ۸
һΣطGˡ
طG¿ʮ磬뵽ԼҲһʧȥͬĸ١ϡ
ʱ֮ͬС
طGʼػʮ硣
Ժʮİߡ
ڸ⣬ִֿʮİ˳ֱӰԼūţ
ĸ簤һ
İ翴žЦ⺢ӣ
·ϣһûһ˵Żؾĵʰ곣ڿ˵ġ
ָʾŵĴӦڷӿ̣дãɾӼ
һΣ¸÷ӡ֮ǰһҪˣ뵽طű뾴ִУı˽
˾ŵĹԱǷǿΪȣͻգɣԻԽ̻Ϊһ
νΣڳп󡣡
ʮһۣһ߾·ȥߵС°õ֡
ǳŵĵġİˬڳϳԶŪĵǡ
ǰţϳˮһŲš
һӣ趼ˣֻˮ²ˮմȾҳֽϡ
ǲ֪ʲôʱӣȴ˺ܶС
ĿζҲͰˣΨַĿζıɡİ޷ܡ
֪ɿ
ӣرġÿﶼֽͷҲ󣬴Ӱװֽͽֽٰ
֡ҲŪһм
ʮֻһɿɾͰζˡ
һ߳һ߾˵Ű˰¡
Ϊϻʰġ˰ʰ
ʮһ˵ᵽǰһӣڰ˰縮̶ʿ̣Ϊ길ɥ£ҪǷԭ
İĿһ¡
ˡ̣ǰЩѾǰ˰̶ˡ
İ鷨ڰи߳һأյǰ˰Ͳͬˡֳøһγķ
˼ΣòֱӣʱѾ鷨ҺΪ˰̶
ʱ̻κԺޡע١񲿸С
Ǻ;Ͼûˡ
Ȼ;ʧ⣬˶࿲ʿеĺ൱ġ
һζǣ˰粻һһεظдţҪһҪڰ
żȥ˰˷⣬ܸж᲻ֹ
˰ίк̵ĵܵϷɹ鼮ԴУȫ޼ӣֻһƬѧĳġ
ܿʹˣΪʿ̸֮һʱ䣬ϷǶ˵˰缫ѧ
˰󶫷磬ڽʿˡ


196 

ʮһ˵ţһ߾Ϳĸϵ΢ˮһ΢΢Ĳ
ǵ뿴ʱˮѾȥˡ
ʮһζɣ˳ϲڵֱмĸ磬˸ƺƴ󣬾Ͳ̫
˵ţͿİ΢΢̧̧ӣָ涯˶˼⻹ˣص˵
ʮͦͦӣ˵ˡ
ƿһǣ濴˿ͿıոѾԶˡ
İ˴ĬĬšϰˣͱȱֵܰһء
˶ĸҵĹҫ֡
ٲãĸǱߣҲϺȡ
ϰأҪֵƽȵߣͷ๦
ѹһֱŰĸ׵Ӱ죬Ρ
ʵϰߵ죬ҲǲסϾ鷿УۿŸֽγɣϰѾõϾšʮʮĵ׷档
ѱϾţпǫľګʵߵʮ׷
˵ףĻǸ
صˣʢǰ棬пӱ޻ȥ֪ͨŷ
İһ˵棬ŷͰڵˡ
˶鷿ԣůյȺģҲ̣ܿͳԳͷĺ
İѣһϴ˸ų³ԡ
ôһһЩճˡ
ʢԱߣղſžЩż;ðүһ룬¿ӽȥ·Щʱ䡣
Ȼɣ
־˸Ͻٰİȴֹ̧סˡ
ʵζҲһ㣬ӣչ˺ӣʵĳյġ
İ뵽ӣĸӣǾ̲סЦݡ
ʮٿĸЦֱΪԼۻˡ
ȵ׹Ҳ͸Цˡ
ĸȥ磬ټѣСС;ѾԼͨ͸
֪ĸ⸮һλรǰǸҲǽոһӣĸɲรˡ
ĸ籦øʲôƵġ
뵽ĸʮЩΡ
ͷһȻšĸǡɩԺǼλóĲรýʲôأ
ڲรǾ͢ģӸУղλ⡣
ˣƺɩӲΪ
ԣСɩ
ۡʮţͲ㱻ȻǺˡ

뵽ӣĸӣİеĲˡ
ʮ翴ˣ˼˵ȥǾ׼ظˡ
ôͨ͸İ絹ˡ׻ǰӣɷ꼶ȴô¡
ǱƳġ
Ʋ͵ʮİ硪ţ͹аԵء
ؼߣĸļҡİóֳĹذĳضʮ˵
ʮڰ֣һ̵ˡ
ˣİȥдһ;öӶˡ
飬ͲͷԽԽԽԽ롣
ǰʳϢɵһˡ
ǰԺʱ϶ˣҲ׺Сʳ
ֱǹš衱Ŀɮ
Դӣ֮󣬽ȴϰǱĬˡ
İдŵһӷŵһߣŵƻһؾȻЦ
ΪԼˡϾӣǰԺ鷿׻һξġ
ܴҲôԶɣ
İ±ʣ߳鷿ǰԺ֮˼
ԶЦ
ˡЦֽУɿˡ
İҲͲЦˡ
ȥƣʲô
ôģ
Ҳû˽ݾֱӾ͹ȥˡ
Ժſڣӵļ
滹ӣǣ꣡꣡
ϾǴˣԺôض˵ŸԺôţɾͳűˡ
İ̧ŽȥͿԺﲻ֪ʲôʱ˸׵СǧǧĺܣҲϻŸĵӣǰȫ
ǧװĻ䣬İէȻ;ƣĶôʢŵʻ
ٶһƣſǾĻ䣬һɫɫǳɫɫ
ǧֱε
ͱֿŽֱС
һ߽УһСȡ
Цö촭ˡ
ӣĸǱſڵģ˶ûע⵽İˣǴ񡪡ǧµʱͿİˡ
Ŭһȣͣǧվӵضİꡣ
ӣվббʶֹȥȰѴˡ
Ļů㣬Ҳסһʱû֡
ӣŻعͷطGˣѴ񽻸ԱߵŮǰЦ밲ˡ


197 ֦

İͿӣֻ˸򵥵ıӣƽķʽһ
޷бб޻ССɫĶС
߰㡣
˿ﻹһСС޻ûüӣͷϲġ
İһůӣĿҲˡ
΢Цô
ӣЦŻû˵;úߵ½Ǳקһ¡
ͷһͿ֪ʲôʱŮ֣Ķ
İһ˵һ߾Χ˿ûϵӰ
ӣ֪˼ָ̧̧⣬ͣνԼԺȥˣ˵˳ҩʱ᲻øͷֿνͰѺӶ£˵һӡ
⵹İЩ⡪ϴͨ͸˼ӣ߿ˡ
һ޳ҲôΨһŮ
˵£һڸӣչʾκá
ڶǣƲȥ̸֮϶ӣƷϿɵġ
ŴǽԱССϣִֻϥϣСڵƵĹǳнؿİ硣
ʱֱˡ
ղǧϿĵЦźͼŵСŮֱͬһˡ
ӣͿȺСܻؾ˵ƹİӰ
޲ðССӲ
ӣҡҡͷ۾Ц⣬ʾ¡
˫ۣһС̧ͷӣһɵͷȥ
ȴղôɪˡ
İ˼ؿһĻ
룺ȻǸصģΪȡŮӼûг谮ҲûԺյĸҡ
϶ԣǷǳȷԡ
һ
طGŮĸĵλβۣǽ֦Ҷ
֦͸н֦Ĵݡ
ŮӲʢˣ費
һۣ͸˵Сһ
үѽװأ
Ҫǵ꣬Ҫſ޳ˣ
İϲһЩҲԭ򡪡ÿμʱ򣬶رһһ꺰ĺ
ԡİãôӣӴӴҲδǼ¡
ϾǸ⻶ЦŮӣֲǴԭģ
İôţַ̧ԸĸѺͱŪ˶Ӻһ
ʹǸղԺﳶɤӺˣȻ¼ڣҲɳƵġ
ССָ첲ڰļϣŻŻģŽĴ䣬ҲǺ˵ģţһƣӡ
ɵСӡЦأ
´αú̫衣İۣ΢΢üתͷӣ
¹غӣӣûվɫϥȥǣүסˡ
İҲôһ˵ӣϻ̳Ͽ֣ƽˡ
ʱ;Լǲǹڼɫˣ
İ־Ͱӣϰοһ
һӣˡ
ʱ۾գգʱͶƤЦˡ
İεЦˣɵӣԭΣ
ūǰȲ֮ӣ΢΢ĥİɫۣͦưڹҲ
ҲǼҪ޵ӡ
ǡӶˣ
ЦеľͿڣүҶӶˣүһҹɡ
İܶׯֱӣɫֵҡҡͷɫ͸Σôˡ
ӣˡ
Цžҡĸ첲һɣͳһ㣡ò
İ硰ΪѡشӦˡ
һͷӣʱ͸߸˵ĺö䡣
ʿСӣﳶһ«Сһûһ˵ŻȻรˡ
˸Ͻˡ
ʿһӣҪԶֵӣϽ͹ȥ֡
ʿʵûȰλǰǸҲͰˡ
ڶǲรˡ
ôˮˮģ̨ԱæЩ
İ棬ǾͲһˡ
ֺáѵӲɣ

ʱҹˡ
ϵؿζ⴮Ȼ档
ͦ࣬ľһҪƤӶļơ
İĵողʮǰ鷿ùš
⡭
ո⴮õĶʵ⣬޳˰ɫĽ֮ʣ䡣
ҲǱĿȻۣΣȱһɡ
һڣͷӣ⴮һ쳣ζ
İ粻֪з۵ζֻüζ
֪Ѿȥ
ȻһС㣬ӣǰʳAPPѧġ鵰̢
ʵͦ鷳ģֺʱ䡣
ҿӣΪɿ̲裬Сӣ


198 ร

̢ӣڴԽ֮ǰѾ˵ġ
ΪҪϺĿζӣͣƵԭּһЩɿ
İҲϲɿζġ
֮ӣ˳־Ͱһ״Щʧܵĵ̢Ͷιö
öԱߣӴ֣ӹ֮ζȲĸͽȻһԶСӣԥһ¡
΢΢ľСǶ˼ŵ̢΢죬ССӣӸ磬𣿡
е㶶Ҳе㶶
Сһ£Ŀڵ̢ɨһȦ̧ۿ˿öȻҡͷ԰ɡ
öһظӣ˲Ͱѵ̢ջˣȻСŲӣߡ
ʿڲԶǡɿһĻϵȻһһ
鵰̢֮ӣö˳
һСģűɰˡ
İ绹û֣ŵŨġζ
ֿ
̢һҧȥִ࣬qǵζں͵˿
ټɿĿζֵĵƤ
İ翴һ۴񣬾ͿԱؿš
İʾ

׻ǺӡֿʳһһŲ˹ȥ
ǰİһ־ͰԼϥϡ
ūˮ̴ϴ֡
ϴ֮󣬴һֻ̢ͽӣȴֹסˡ
İ΢΢һͿӣ˸ɾĿӣڵƻ֮£ϸĵأһһѺȫ޳ˡ
qСӣࡪûϵСȴҪ⵱ġ
һޣһߺȻԼ׶԰ʱ򣬰ְҲһĹ
ֻ˺װȻСһһԡ
ְ־СǺʲô⡣
ӣ뵽˴Խǰİ裬Ȧе졣
Ͻͷסˡ
޳Сӵĺǵ̢ûиղôˡ
㻹㡣
ڰ껳ľнŬǰӣװ۵С֣ʹӣӹˡ
ӣл㱾ͺ񿴼СʱԼ
񣺡һһڳԣġ
ʢſڿһĻĬĬĸรһá
һף
չԼĺӲʲô
չ˱˵ĺӡôϸǲİǰԵøͻʶأ

ܿ죬ڵ˳Ϧһ졣
Ȼ׼֪϶û˯ˡ
ǵöӣӴẰʱӣǺʹñסԴ
ֱ뷢У⻹ǰҹûأ
(is^ti)
ﾲĵģֻССĺſƳԱߣ˯Ŷ硣
ӣϴĶһöԱƴӣһֱƵԴֱ²รһСģֱˣ
ͷʱҲһᣬöںӣĲӡ
ӣ۾˯
Ȼ˴·ʱӣһ̤ʵصʵСรǳ͢ģʵ̫¡أ̫ˡ
ӵĲรνζ顢챦ʯʯнȸɺ
ǲรĹڶͿһ360ȫλ鱦չʾˡ
ͷӣͷһʱﶼԵ
Ȼǲรĳۡ
ɫ켰䶼ʯ࣬رׯŵģӽںɫ
Եøͳׯء
ʵɫӣԴӴԽԭ¹ﲻûС
һҲû̫ˡ
ֱรĳۣӣʶʵҲûô
ɫһҪӺݵ鱦ҿƺɫϵůͻʾʮ
ӣ˳־һʯɫССëϵԱߡ
ͬɫϵҲ
СԺͿ泭һյһյĹƣѾȫ硣
ԺԶԶģͿƻͨˡ
ӣȥšǲรǵոӦˡ
θʹŴˡݵͣûʸȴŸܰѴҲһȥ
ڹǰߣԴûкô
һӣθϽվӭˣЦžͰӣ͵˲รϡ
รҲڣĸźߺ󣬿޿ĺS˸ʵʵ㡣
ӣһ۶ģɱѺӸƳëˣ
Ҳ˺磬վһߣŸѾһ
รӣʱһӡ
ӣԱߣรųӣ
ȥʱˣôԽأ
ԸǺԺΨһĲร
ʡʡɣ
รôһȻԱп֨֨΢


199 

תͷһۣͿӣԱߣ΢΢кϸ΢ľ׽ϸ֡
ȷʵڳԶ
ӣԼıСֱ˵ǽ˵
ʵ̫ˣֲ֪Ҫȵʲôʱ
ӣһ߳ԣһ߶̧ͷ
Ŀת
รջ𣬰Ů־ڶƨϴһѡ
ǽˣǰȻƨɣȻʮֶ˵ġ
һ
ʵм̽ĳɷ֡˵ǿޣ˵
һ߿ޣһ߾̧Ĩᣬָ۲ԼĶ
ľ飬ʱ͸ˡ
ޣรˣҲ˲ﻹǸԺأŶ
ڶĿУ洺سˡһĳӳȥׯм֡ϡ
ӣ·ؾͿ˸ĸµģ
߿ţӭŶĿһรͷһڲ裬̾˿ְѺôˣ
รһ⻰;ûд̡ʲôСѡôˣ
֣֡ŪúŰƵġ
รôţʱԹһӲֱ˻ȥγԣǶ׶ܰѶô
ƣԱߣ޵øˡ

һ¾ˡ
θԱߣ΢΢ǷȳŸֺõЦЦ
ӣԲ˼˭֪һ̧֣ʾθ£Ϲ͡
θˣȴڸรмֱתֻͷӣεЦЦ
ؿรüһȻüӣҲаҺү˵һӾڸա
һ˵һ߾ͶŴ΢΢Цӣն
еȥ
θںϲЦտһ£ͰŮǰȥˡ
ס˴С֡
ͷ
λնͷǱ鱦
ģҲǱġ
ƽǰվǰ˼һݽӣسһʱˣöˡ
ӵĸǶϥ͸รร
ӣͷĸԼڸ˳ȥ
ʱȻĿҲûһֻۣǷԸźSĸϡ
รЩˡĸֱ仯֮ҲʹǰһˣʮӲˡ
ղŻŸôľٶϦ֮ҹȥһڻʼϵĸ
รЩ׹ϲһʱ˵ģǶ񱻴˹һзӣϵŮλǰ֡
үˡ
ۿŸߵſڣรˡöϦ˹
ѾˣӵеһУΪรλݳš
ǶϦڸ˳ȥ⸮ֻΪҪôòİĻġ
Ҫô͹ͷร

รڵؿ˿ڣһ˿ĵģ˼
ߵſڵʱѾ˶
һ˶٣΢΢һĻȣ赭дصǶϰɡ
ӣĬĬؽһ۵ס

ſһ˺ƺƵϽȥˡ
ոʹԶλƵš⻹ǺͳԺ󣬵һ뿪ոء
һ˫Ĵ۾ſĸļϡÿз紵ʱ򣬺;ͻŤֵСӣŬۣ⿴
ӣְѶӽ˹ԼԱš
ţİ͵תͷԭԶ˶١
ˡ
ȵӣİϣ΢΢ЦžӸµؿ
ӣҲ̧ͷһЦү
İָָ̧ǰ棬͸һͷֿˣ˹ٻϡ
ӣ˵ͷϽŮҪաߵ·һ
һҪֿˡ
ֱ°ͣſϣ΢΢ͷİ硣
İ翴ƽЦ̵С˶ʱһʯɫĲรǶ߸ߵؿţԳƽһĶׯء
ϻǺ˵ġ
ӣﱧŵĺҲ̧ͷЦ
һһСŶܹɡ
İȻ̲סӣա
Ӳסˡ
ȫЩİ˫һУϡ
һߣһ߶ӣΧԸ


200 б

Ͻͣ
Ѿӣһνˡ֪һרŰӡ
ȻβʱˡҲǰǵĸรеĴ
ǻѰ͢¾͵ÿԼһ˫һֱ߽ȥˡ
ӣϺ棬źΡ
źӣŨصѬζһȥ;ץסӣǰ½ŤͷϵشΧİ
ӣ¶ӱţְѺͱ˱
ӻλƣһֱ˺ǽߵڹſڣūǲͣùС
ӣӽԴ;ϴŵĲรԽԽ鱦ȫ׹
ͷƤҲʹˡ
²ŻλƵĻЬӣ֣ҡҷĸڸ
͹
͹ͲóһƬӭա
ס
ͻǸ˱ϵޣµطǳֵӣһŽصĹӣѶӴľ͸껭Ƶġ
ԶԶؾͿļҵĸรˡ
ߵรûʲôİǺˣֻǳ谮٣ź㲡
ұߵģǴǰ·ร
Ȼ֪С񡪡ڵλϴ̫á
΢΢ۣͿรĸﱧطGϵĶ硣
ǺͰɣ֪ʡ
ӣŸй֮⻰ЦŵĻǺ͡
ĸźССӣҡҡλεعݿͷ
ȻйŮ̺õĵӣӣŻۡ
ҲһϾӡ
Ͻ̧־͵ˣˡñ
ĸһӣ
ӣӣǰȥ
վǰ˼ӹ͡
ͳһ㲻£Цľһˮݡ
֮У˶Цһʱ֮䣬ɿ˲١
ҲЦˡ
û뵽⺢ȴô⻹ǵһμأͳЦ
Ǳĺöˡ
뵽⣬ɫвӹһ˿Ȼ
ȻؾͰѺ͸ڻˡ
ϴ·һֻСë򡪡ʯɫġ
ӣ·ϵʱ򣬴ԼϽġ
û취һ·עǸëϣСƴץš
СëСޣֱȷ
ϿŻޣЦúϲ£ڡü۳ĺİ磬һشӢķ䡣
Щ񡪡һʱ䣬·ֻص˵İ磬ųӾͱߺӵʱ
ɵؾͱ˺͡
Աߣؾϥ밲ʺΡ
ϵö˵һȫںϡ
ร״תͷʾĸѺSҲǰȥ
ӣӡ
ܲú˱˰ɡ
˼ԾڴµĵһӵһС磬ЦúǸˡ
վԱ߸ɵۡûаģΨһһߵģθŮˡ
ƴʾǰȥ밲
ͺͺͶޣõϣôô涼Ц
ȴһѾ˺ĵ͡
û˼ҲԸӲȥ
ӣԱߣҲˣǶСǸЩġ
񣬶ֱӺˡ

ӹɫѾɵе㷢ˣﻹ̻ζ
Ǿӭ£罥
µһˡ
ĲУһ·˯ÿˮ˳ʱ򣬻ſӣϵġ
ӣ¶ܶڸſͿ첽Ժϣһ·綵СԴ´ˡ
ȵڻӣհѶӷ£ú˯һ˭֪ȴˡ
һѣͱӣĸ첲ڡ˵Ҫ㡣
㡱ȻָľǴˡ
ӣ۵ĶˣСӴͣգǴ𴲣һֱڻûմͷء
˯һ֮ʱ֣θŴˡ
ȻûʸŮˣȻҲڸһҹûкۡ
¶һȦԵࡣ
һֱȵʱ򣬴ȻĻˣθһ
͹Ϧ֮ҹʹ˺ͺͺSණ
賿ʱ򣬸ûжʱˣԺӵʹͷֱȥ
С̧̫һֻֻӽɫ⣬θ۶ˡ
ʶؾʹۣŤͷЩǲġ
ⶼǸ͵ġ
Ͷֻһ塣
ǿ壬͹ǰ
ӣո˵ʱ򡪡ΪǱš󾫲ࡱԭ
û׼һ鱦
˭֪ʵ°ͶҪˡƷ溮ף
׵ո㿪ⷿȴõöࡣ


201 ̼

ͻСȻʶͶԴ
Ҳ
ͿˣŤСӣϲϲؾͲƳŴֱ㣡㣡
ͷģһܵܺԼȺͻˣƨƨߵܹȥͺһˡ
ȺʹһЩὲĻȻҲ࣬һ𣬰һ£ͽ̺˵ִʻ㡪õɹԡ
ۣÿһʣ͸һСһ͵СԴ
ͱԴЦúܿģ󺰴ž͸ѧ
θԱߣֹ񡪡С磬ô󺰴ҲͰˡ
Ůңܸôѧأ
һŤθͿรĸЦؿӡ
θֹˡ
ߵʱӣ˷͹͵ʹͣһЩθ
ʲôʮɫĽСƯװ׶ߡСȵȣɫҲѡ˺ɫٺɫЩůɫ
ֻҪԱζôŨҵģСкСŮõģˡ
θһϻ̳Ͽֵزҽӡ
ӣЦŵⲻǸģǸģҡͷ˿ɲ
θǵͷһһûס̣󽥽ؾЦ
Ŵǰӣл
ǰﻹһ˿ԥͷЩʹ̧ͣͷӣ
θںߴٵлѽ⺢ӣ
ȻǰȥССǰһſͽסӣĴȡ

ոչȥһ¡
ոճ£̺ʵǲʺϳŵʱ䡣
ƫƫѪȥһйݡ
·ϣڰ·һ
ʵҲѰ˺
䲻˵ôҲϾˡ
һ£ģܿݡ
ǲ֮ǻƽʱһЩƸһЩҲ⡣
֮йʹڲϵʱޱ˼ıӡ̫طi
ķ޺ϸµĵӡ
ۿ͵̫ŵ˻ʰϢܿͱˡ
ͬһģм˵İ硣
һ·ӣ̫ӵĽŲǰδе죬Ȼб֮顪ⱯܾŮϵۣ֬ˮһϴܵ˵ġ
Ⱥģ̫ӵȻͷȴһϲɫϻʵز̫үյϵλ
ʱҲ͸żȮˡ
֮ǰһɫ㲣˰統ᡣ
ֹ
һƴ֮һ߹µʰرӣӿʰʵۣ
˵Уٵһȣأ˾Ͱ˰֡ʾԼûд󰭡
˰ȥ͸ҴҴӡ
ϰ˿޵̫죬ԵİҲֻܸſޡ
尢绹ã·ϣһֱʱˮɣһǳɣܿͺۿ
߰ں棬߬ȭͷҧгݣüŪ˰죬Ӳûһ
ŽֱϰˡһȸһӣƵǴһﶼøſޣ
ȥˣ֪ʰôأ
İͿ̫ڴͷ¡Ǻܹģǻʰһԣ΢΢üԱ߱ã»ʰȳĭӽϡ
̫н񱡪İҲ֪ġ
⶯δҲЩ̫ԣ̫ӱܵͷӦˡ
Ͻڵǿͻʰ˵˼仰
⶯۵ף･ľ
׶ӣ۰ĵӣ
˵û仰ҩ̫ѾˡڵҩȥīˮһŨĿζ
̫Աߣ̫϶΢΢һ¡֪̫үǲҪ̼
˭֪̫ÿˣװûҪװһµ˼
˰žǰˣʰ꣡
ͬǰģİ硣
˭ҲûֻĿĶվԱߵ̫ӡ
طiɤأɬؿ˿ڡ
طiǶȿȥ˯֮ϵĻʰ꣬ʵںһͷûʲô

һ̼û£İͲ˻ʰ̫̬ȵ΢ת䡣
֮Ļʰƺ̫ӡ
һֱ䱦Ķӡ
ǲֹһΣʰڼİǰ̫ӡ˵ֽݣ̰ᡣ
İţĬĬصҲǵһ֪
˰ˡ
ǰʱ򣬳֮УѾ˵̫ӡϲɱˡ賯д󳼵鷢
еıүҵ۾̢
ľ㣡ôӽµӡ
ֻȫˡ̫ӻ١
Ȼʢ
ȵٳ꣬Զˣ˵Լͺˡ


202 

Ͼʶ塣
ĸףĵӻ
ġ

̫ӵ̬ȵת䡪İ硣
Ҳ
ֻ̫ӣƺ䴦еģȴʼٶ۵Ǹʲôס
ʰڱĵܵǰǻʰ꣬ǰȴֻǡꡱ
Ǹʮ簮ȡİꡣ
ˡ
һعȥ̫ȴԾη壬˿ûʶԡ
ӳӵе̫֮λʹΧһӵѾγɳ⣬ڶȨĵͷ
˺֮⣬˾裬̫¿ʼ
ֱǴģ֮ʱֳ̫һ顪**
ûӣһ跿СƣʮꡪüĿ㣬̫Ӹϵĸǻ˳ϲ
ˣ̫ﶼûֱͣӾá˽ڻ̫ӴߣҡΪѼŷˡ跿˴ˡ
ʱ̫ӻԣ˵**ɱˣʱҪȥҿʸ
̫϶ϲŮӣӲرס̫ӡûȥʲôɵ¡
һլ˶ү̫̬ȵת䡣
ڹϣ˰Ͳ̫ء
ĳ嵽ǰ̫ӹҲˡ
̫Դ**źԺŮʱҲ͵ˡ
̫϶ϣż𾴵ġ
Ͼλ϶ǿ׿ġТԿ͡Ѿ϶ĸµʸ
϶Դӳɻ飬һֱмӣûΥֹʱ
һΡ
̫Ҳ֪϶ΪԼá
һʱͷӣʵʲ
̫ԭرQ˼Ȧһ֣Ʒ˼ȹص磬ֽ鱦ˤضǡ
̫Ӹû۾
ܿ죬̫ڸʹ˿ǰ
ûзŭϾľͷѾȥˡ
ֻǾıϸڴ̫޶ԣ**֮ȴ˱ס
ǣ

µף̫ϵļ飬ֱӽ˴󰢸硢İͰ˰硣
Ȼ̫岻Ϊɣúñ˼һӡ
ӵʵ£˰Ͼᣬ˵öЩѹֲסˣİͿڵϵʱ򡪡ǻƴƲš
Ȼ˹ŵʱ˰°ڽǶϡ
ûؾֱ
ֱӰ½˺ˡ
󰢸ط|Ҳû򶨵ȥ
ط|ӷǳ֮ͼǿ۽һƪһƪ밲밲طGֱǺ޲ֱӳǬ幬Ĵϡ
ߵ顢׽ҲƵ
̫ߵȻҲģ̫Ȼʱ˼ˣү档
ͼҡơնϳҲġ
˫֮еնʱ΢
ͷһϲ鷢ˡ
̫϶ϹϾȻĳĵʹ˹϶ϺЩ
Ǵ󰢸ĸ󰢸̫Щ֮꣬ơ
˭Ҳû뵽̫գȻʹ͡
ʲôʲôѽ
ϸ룺İһ˼һʼλڿʮĶ죬ڱΪ
ǵʱ֮ףλ˳Ϊ
ϣǰ棬Ϊ̫ʹͣƺҲ޿ɺǡ
ңΪ̫Ӻʹ󰢸΢ϵʹáʹ̫Եø롣
᲻үأ
ԽԽ
үڽŻ֣ߴҡ̫ӻ̫ӣϹQе˼ͽǻ£
Ѳ⡪İԱԹţؾ͸Щˡ
ǰ˰ʹ󰢸磬ɻǷǳϽÿձQͣǡÿ˰ϼ飬Ҳ˳ɼ
˰иɾˡ
Ű硢ʮһЩڰ˰棬Ͷ˸ĲС
ʮİ磬Ҳһ
͹ͿʮϹŰ˰磬һһ˸硱еñ׸绹ס
Ͼ˰ĸϡȻԸҲǴģ׶ϣм˵΢ıӡ
һ߸ʮİŶͷϵĺһ߾͵ĸ粻ô
ʮİϾͻСֱĸ簮ͷԵذѵƿͲ£ĸʲô˼ŰȤĺܣ˸硭
ᵽ˰磬ʱüЦ˸綮ҡ
ĿЦŵʲô
ʮİһŵ˼֣һӾ͵㲻˸б£ģ˵׼ҪдϢģ
ٿվס죬˵


203 ׸

ʮİ类סˣʱʵʵع˵ǰǶӴˡ
һһֵ⻰ʽȥʵԺҲ˵ˣû
ʮİüǿһͷ
ôĸһĸͬ׸磬Ĭ˰Σ˵
ʮİͷָϵĻƴӣһŪһ߳Ĭ
׸硭
˵Ǵˣ״֮Уש͸ŵǺ
ſžֽۣӷ

ոԺɫ˪֦ĻӰڴֽϣ͸˽
İ鷿֮ǰĬĬĳ˼š
̫ԴӱʱѾô鷿ˡ
֮ϣʰ̬Ȼһķǳ΢
΢ǳ
İ綢Ծ˰ΡŰ˰ʱϽͷ·һŻա
̫ӡһղ̫
뵽İ͵һ
촽ЩѪҺڣڸˡ
̫ôȥ˵׼һձʧ꣡
ôûܣ
Ǹʱ򣬻λļ̳˱пڼѾ꿪³ɫĻѡ
˰طGҲʵºͳɼ
Ҫ֣˭᣿
ǡǰһŨ
Ũ֮УóȻǰУ͵ͬäҹԨ
ǳסһʧ㣬е£֮ա
ңԽӵ⣬ʵԽ򵥡
̫Ϊʲôʧˣ
ݳ޶ȣݲТ֮⣬ĸԴǡЮ֮λв˻ʰĻȨ
ʰǻʮǳݣƽ
֮·ӲһһѪӡġ
ӣĵϵ֮࣬죿
ҲУ
̫սһУǸ񾭡

ƻرһ죬İ˼
һĭһ뵽˻ʰλǰ꣬ѵǾ仰ؽ伱̣ϲŭ
伱̡
伱
İֽϻд֣ŵƻգ
ī֭͸ֽʷ涼̵ȡ

ӣԺź˯
Ա˯ɡ
ӣĺȦͷŶЦ
ҲҧָͷЦ飡
ӣļֱһͷձǺ˯ڣ
Сӵľֱʢ˷ָĳ̶ȡѾһ죬ֺֽЦ
˯û
Ȼ㣬Ȼ⡣
ӣĲУƤƤֱܣſƳԱߣ°͸ڱϣľ;Դһһ»
ͿֶԱߣһȰ˵ȥϢһ˵źͣรġ
ӣȻƣŶӿɰЦһʱûߡ
ԵСɱɣ
ӣôţͷԸöԼõıɱ˹
ɱ͸΢΢ɫԱ߻̱ɣ̵ֱζĺĨζġ
ԲΡ
̣Ӧѩ׵Ĵ׻ɫĵÿ
ų˼ɣôһӣİ͹ˡ
ڹʱҲûӣĸӾͻߡ
ӣҲͼֲˡ
밲ӣûüеıӣİѾ˽
Ժﻨ俪ķҷİôһ·ֻĹ϶ճ˲ľ㡣
ӣǰЦҲûֱӾһ̵Ʊɵİ
̵ζܿİǻӿ
үӣְĨǰ͡
İЦֵס֡
ļͷôĬߣİһ춼ʲôˣ
İദԽáӣԽԽ֣İʵǸͦӪΧˡ
ǡһ춼ʲôˣ仰Ѿľ俪ס
ӣǵʱһι磬ϴҴϽǻİ絽ߣϰԵһ䣺ʲôˣ
ӣʱĿɿڴȻֻͣЦүʲôһ첻
һ룬һ߾ˡ
ˣӣѱ˳ַԱߵСϣȻָԳЦЦİ͵ԵҲûǲˡ
İһһߵͷĬĬؾͰԼ΢΢Ū
ָϱļӲӣ۵ָһĴС
̫ˡӣİ粹
ʵ顪Ͳоϻӣ㵸
ӣֻܸں棬ز
Ȼ˵֡ĸŮڣϾԼĺӣţô˯̤ʵ
Ǻһԣǣĸ׵ġ


204 һ

İ̧ͷϸȻͿЩࡣ
ƤҲеף۾ﻹѪ˿
ȱˡ
ԼЪϢҪЪϢҪȻҪūʲôأԼǰһס˿ĺܽ
İͷӣ۵ص
ô˵ϣһ򵥵ĻҲǲ黰ˡ
ӣקӣϲ˲䣬رʾ֪ˡ
㶼ˡ
İֱһЩ˽
⻰˵ñۣЩ˵Թ֮⡣
ӣĪһȡ
Ȼڽż⣬󵨵ؾİ°һڡ
İ⧲΢΢һƫͷͷͿ
ƻ֮£üĿβɫؾȻһ˿ɵľִ١
סӣգһǡ
ӣֱס

򾲾ȼţһƬ֮ܰʱȻƳͺߺһ
ƺЦ
һ¾Ͷתͷȥˡ
ĸģӣС첽ϹȥſƳĶ˯㣬СַԱߡ
Ҳ⣬Ҳ⣬ʱʱģָŽ˱һ¡
ղһЦžǺμʲô鲻ԽЦ˳
ɵСӣ
ĸǷžͻرܳȥ˵ģʱûˣӣͷظҴ˱ӣ漴̧ͷİһꡱơ
İ磬ŵؾͳˡ
ŵʱӣΪԵ٣ʱȴе㹾ˡ
öȥһԸʿõĽϺ
ʵ⽷ϺʵҲӣ͸ʿġ
ȰϺϴϴжΣ˿ΣۣϾƣһ㹦
һУϵҪģĿζһҪʵ
ֻҪһˣըϺʶѡ޷ǹۣҺ¹ըưˡ
ȵϺʳˣϽη۾ͿԿˡ
Ϻİ絹ǾʡŽƽƵģмǰը
Ϻࡣ
ʱһϺζǲϺþ˻𣬼彴״ף֮ϺǶֵġ
ھİҲ̫ϲ
ǰĽϺʣİӼһС
Ϻ𣬽㡣
¿Ӿ͵
ȻӣͿİͷ֣µ׷һۣˡ
ӣۡ
ĺ«˵ϸɲ񡭡
ϰ߾ͺáϰ߾ͺã
⻹һɿŴ׸⣬ӣʱõģϸӼ򵥣ڸȴϣʮִá
ֻҪţ̼Ŵ׷ۺͰǣɿɷۣȫһɫĴš
״֮Ϲ죬пС
İ翴ɫĸ㣬֪ضǡζĿζˡ
һڽϺʣͰѿת˹ȥ

ҹūͽˮİϴˣһɫ£ƳԱ߾Ͷӡ
ӣͿԼϽ壬ںǰ
һᣬ;ͼĸʲôƵģֻС֣ļţҪץס
ĺܿġ
İ̫ߣʹ˳̵ľ쳤С־ͷһǰʧȥƽ⡣
ˡһ£Եȥ
ȻŵǺı죬ôˤҲ޷ģİ绹һ飬ݵһ֣ס˶ԲĹĵĺס
ʱİͷϣڰа˰ΣȻͶӣ㣬ɰ
ӣһתͷİĲ
İתһ֣˻Դǰز˵ˡ

ڶһ磬İѵõţһƽĴҴææ
ȻߵʱӣֱźͣվСԺſڿİ뿪
İǰԺȥȻߵĻǿٳݾ
ͷ׺۵Сһڷ·ڻ档
ͱһףʱЦˡ
ֻ̧С֣§İ͡󣡡һڻȥȻսСȭͷܴص꣡
İһ߲ˡ
Ӳģǰ˼ͷӣĸӡ
Ϳͻӣǰ½󣬹ԹԵſ
һһС۾Ŀ
ͿڿԼʱ˾ˣƴСȣС֣꣡ףף
Сݾ˻٣͵ؿɫƵġ
ٵͶ
ӣԾؾͱŶǰ˼һٴĻ֦ںʹֿɼĵط濪ǵɫС
Ͷʱע־ȥǻ֦
ȥɡİվס˽ţͷӣ


205 ͷ

ӣͷ˻еᣬվԭû
ǻ磬үǡİЦž˵һ䡣
ӣﱧźתˡ
ˣİǱȴû
طGվԭأ־ĿԽԽԶˡ
ʢһūţصں档
ﻹԱߵĻ֦һ־ͳһСƻ۾ǰ棬Ƕ⿴˺һ
ȻͰС־ٸ߸ߣǶСƻӣ޷֮ϡ
~~۾Ц
ӣЦž
սСȭͷǳظѧ
ӣðɣǻǷǴү˵㣡
һͷСƻһ߱ŴֶԺߣһ߾ͱ̫ɹЩ㱡ʱ򣬳ԼԽǰΪʲô࿴ʷӺ
֪Ӻ˺⣬⼸ӣֱʲôҲѽ
;ӣƳﲻϺú˯һһ󵹵Ϸ
ӣⶼǱİǸϷߵġİϲź͵ĺףöӷĴ󵨵
ÿЦòУҲ˵ô󺰴С
Ц㵹ǳһ
ӣԱ߿žͿЦãʲôء
ôСĺǲ֪ΣյģγϰˣשϣҲô󵹣ĸһʱûסǻˣ
ӣԽԽģǺ߿׼ͷ档
ҲǴԽ֮ǰݼҵĺӴġԲԲһ״С
Сʨӿͨ͵ģҲС۷䡢С󣬻Ȧ֮ࡣ
˵ֹӣԽ֮ǰʮ壬ֱսˡ
ǴǻŬӦ֮Խ֮Ҳܸһ򵥵Ůˡ
Ѿ˶ˣ͸ҪⷽˡϾʲô϶Լġ
ôһ߸ͷ״ܣһ߾Ϳʼýв׿ǡ
õǺɫĽСҲǽʱ򣬹ոʹ͵ģƽĳϣŵĶǸָףŷϲ졣
Ȼٴ޻ԽʵԽãͼʹȥҲֻˤں޻ϣ˸ա
ٺ棬Ҫһֻÿӹ̶СڴΪ˶ŵµˮ͸ů
ڴ£Ŵٵչ⡣
ӣһǴ졣
˰ʱˡ߸˵ԶЩչʾ첲̧һ룬̧ˡ
ʹޱȡ
͸żһ߷һĦȭͷ羱֮Ӳĵطɡ
ӣžúЩ
ʱոձĸι̣ͱϻ©һЩ**ĸ˸ɾֽһá
ͷ棬һӾͱĿ⡣
С֣߱
ӣЦŸӰѻͷ洩ˡ
Ͳ֪ʲôֻɫޣɷǺÿ
Ƴ˼Ȼͷһſܸ˵ظЦ
ſţϴźɫĵӣ滹вټĻŻƣǵ㡣
ӣȻֶ˿͸ưһ
(*^^*)
ۿͷһˣʿʾϳʲô
Ͼү˵ˣҲпܹġ
ӣŴŨصĺɫʱʶһĹôȥˡ
һżһ߾͵İɡ
˵ˣֲһ䣺ҪҳһЩһЩ
ǵİ˵˺üˣ˵ԻȣһЩźá
ˣƺӶҲûڿ졣
İϲؿζزˣ
ʿĥһ£ƤвУ
ûлȣر·
ӣ۾̲סһʿŷ۹˲ţ
ʱԽ֮ǰͬƤΪ󶹵ľ֣ͨǲôԵĵġ
ԡӣվ͵
ʿƲøֵϵķ
Ƥ죬ˮ֣С׽л桢֥顢Ȼۡء顢ס͡Ρǡɽ֭͡
ˡ
һƤˡ
öԱ߸ӣ֣ʢϡ
һ٣׶࣬еˣǷ֮ζԣ׵ζ硪һſˮҪˡ
һȫ룬Ǹ÷ŵһû٣Ǵζ
̶װڴɰ׵ƤŽƽƵģѩ׵֥顢̵ˡ
ӣֿζ˳Ǿζĺãμ뷴ÿڸиˬ
ϵʱİȻعˡ
ӣͷԸ˰Űںˡ
Ƥ۵λãŵ̶ࡢҶࡢ޲һݡ
һӳ˶Ƥ⣬Ǳѩ׵ɫ


206 ۾

İƤʳ棬ϱ̵ˡ
ûأӣѾʢһ̶ࡣ
̶ѡĶС̶õ֣ÿһŶʿɰ˿ڣƮϡ
ĩĳϣҲůϢİ籾鷿˰죬ûʲôʳŹһڱˡ
˼ļҳ̶࣬;ظ֮䣬һ··𱻴ƵġθҲˡ
ӣ˼Ƥİɫ䣬ָŵá
ӣԱ߾Цˡ˵õϲŭΪ֪أ
ǰոոİʳʱ򣬻ʲôɿڣصʢŷ
ȵԼˣŷİˣʵζһ
н˾²ʲôģֻҪŵ̫ţܽܡ
ӣͼǵôԽ֮ǰԼиѾͳԲ˵ģÿ۲ͣԵĲ˵µһƬҶ
ǸѶ˲䵹θڣһ׶Բȥˡ
İһࡢһӶƤ³ԣȻ˰ӶƤȥ
ӣͿǰѾƮһͻ
е㲻ˬ
һɡڵϣ΢΢ӣٸİ绻һµࡣ
İҡҡͷʾء
Щͻذһ̶ȵˡ
˯ǰİƽʱһȥԱߵĲң˰飬д˲֡
ӣԸһӲ裬Ϳһ߽ӹյһǴЦ߲ǰֽţһɵӡ
ǹｻ飬һɵĻԲ˳ӣ롣
ôţҲİˣŵ˳ȥȵſڣ׼ţͿİ̧ͷæ֮лһ䣺ࡣ
ӣ˸һְ鷿Ÿˡ
չأү˯£ӣΪร϶Ҫźġ
İӣһ˹ͻ˵ؾȥ׼ϴϢ
Ҫġ
ӣжͷȻ˯ǰȥһ顣
ͿƳϹúʵʵģŸɫĴ߲ӣڿӵ۾
ӣ
ĸԱߣһƳһı
ֻǹʹ͵ġ۾õëţĺ˿߲ɣŵ˿
ëţҲǸС
ͻȻ;Ȼһ¾Ͱ۾
Ȼɵ죬ۿž͡
ĸ״һϽҪùȻϣҡͷԵشţ
ϾСӣĸ̫˺ԥһ£ѾëŽ
ӣͷ͵һӻûü˼Ѿһĸ׵ıܣֿؽ˶Ӳذëק˳
קʱ򣬻СĿһº͵졣
üͷ
ĸԱߣæ£รūû˺Сӣ
ͼǵòรһٶǧúͰС
ʱʱ̶̿öˡ
ӣմŶӿˮë򣬵ûĸֻͨͨÿ졣
ҺǸëţĶ
´κ͸أ
̵ʱֱǺأ

İӴæĹĺܡ
ӣʼţ᲻ԵԺȥˣ
СһİڳรԺӣĵطûȥ
ֻͷеʱȥš
˾ͻǰ鷿ˡ

İϴֻ꣬һɫ£ɢǵ㡣
ݣͷӣϣѾ˯ˡ
˯㣬ҲббģǸбŵġһﴲͷⴲţȫռˣԳһצĿɰ
üһҲռˡ
ֻһյӳСٲһĳϣԳһٵ
ӣ˯ţĽëͶӰ
İʧһ˲վ齱һûһ
΢΢ǣЦһ£˱һǡ
ӵʱ͹˽
ӣԺذѱӽ࣬Ȼ;ԼһůĻ
İӵ뻳
ܾٱ
ӣ˯ѾЩԺˣ۾һԱãһ߾죺үѶůˡ
İû˵
ү
ӣתͷû˵һĻֱӴͱȵطסˡ
İůȵĴ֣䣬ڱס֡
ʮָ
ӣ΢΢һԴİ°ߡ
İ˽סָ֣΢΢סֱۡ
Ļ΢΢


207 úû

ҹʱİˮԡͰ
︡ҩ͸㡣
İһˬվڴߣӸµؿӣЦЦû
ӣڱĹӰȥͿİһ飬װдšԼұȥ
أ
Դڱһװ
İЦ
ͷ⳶˳һǣǺȻͷհһĶͷϴǲһźҲС
ӣ˿оԼڱһ̯ࡣ
ԺҲ֪˶ãˮ
ֱͣ¡
İˡ
ʱϴԡ豸ȻȲִԵĲ˵ľͰϴԡͿ϶ڵ豸㡣
ūźٲҲ㵽Ķȥ
ѵİֱӿ絽˴ǰ΢΢ţƳţ˶͸űˮ
ӣһƣбڴ۾Цүϻˮء
һ˵һ߾űִİӹɵֽҪ
Ųû£İȻЦһ£ֱӾͰӣǰһ˴Ӵᱧ
ŮǶͷӣԴİϣſǻ͵Ƕȥɣǳȥ
İһĵūţԸǡ
ӣ
һ߬סԱһĸЦöȥˡ
ԡͰ֮ǰİӣŽԡͰˮûļͷ
ϸĵˮ£ŵǴ֮ˮ˹ȡ
ľͰһŻ״̣װǣԡһĶиɻꡣ
õ廨һС
ӣְԼ˳ڵסߣֻԴˮϣְѳ
ȻͰõ廨ˮ档
ˮʮ
İƹ磬һȴѸɾİɫֱ˹һԵ·ϡ
һƳۣͿһƬõ廨մӣ°ϡ
ְӣȡ⽫һЩָ΢΢ġӣ°ߡ
Ȼ¡
ͿԡͰ˶Ķؾʹۡ
Ҳˮһȥ°ͣȻͣӡ
һ˫۾ˮϣתţΧӵõ廨ˮȥһֻΪ˶˵Ĳ׽ˮģѵСꡣ
»ˡİЦ
ٻͿˮˣ
קĶ䣬ᣬû̫þ°Ūˡ
ԣүˡİĿһشˮ
ӣŶ䣬һˡ
ʵ̫ɰİ̲סתЦһЦһͷһڡ
˱谮ʱǻԶ򿪡
үۡӣ۾ðˮİ
İΪ־󣬰ӣŤˣϽ֡
벻ԣǿĶۣ
ӣˮίίָָȻʶˮһõ廨긲šİǿġ
Сزۣۣ
ûţۡ
İԴĵذοүôٿЩҩ
˵ˣ˶٣뵽ϵΡ
İȻЩڸˡ
ӣԼϴһ;һӿˡ
ԴԡͰϣббؿİ硣
ֽ

ڴϵʱӣߺضȦص䡣
İûһְ§Լˡ
ӣ֣Ȧס䡣
İ͸о˶СצӲʵԼš
һҧҧŬһӿԺ˼ͳɤ˯
ӣʱͲˡ
ڰУ˰Σźϸϸģƺ˯ˣİȴ־Щʧ
ιܵ͵ص
ϸȵıš
Ծûκζ
ӣ˯˿ϾղڵùǺİôţۣҲ׼ܹʱ򣬺Ȼ;°һȣһǡ
ǻСȻ°һڣ۾Ц
˵ˣͷ˸תȥŴ˯ˣĩˣİĸ첲סԵԼһš
Ҫ˯
ǱĺܽİǺЦôš

ʱ룬ͻᰵӣѺôһֽСŮӣûĳ谮Ժ㣿
Ļûеġ
ֶΡۡ
˵ͬЩˣⱴոԺļ֮Уһ۶ܱʮ
С谮ưˡ
ûпЩпᡢ
İţҡҡͷ̾˿ǹһ˿εЦݡһЩô죿ֻúûŰɣ
ͽɵɵһû


208 СѼ

ڰУİĬţӣ븮֮ǰʱ
˵ģġ
ʹУӰ硣
һҪһ檡һ񿴵˳ۣʵǷǳѵġ
ֻҪòƯϲͣ㹻˳
ǲһġ
νġϲҲڶ뿪ʱ򣬾Īûˡ
ֻߣܡϲϸ졢ʮ졣
ǺȻĳһ죬š̲衢лϻ̳Ͽֵʱ򣬺Ȼ;İ
һбĸҡ
ֻӣá
ʵھʱİ֪ˣ֪ԼƽһĶˡ
ݽȥˡ
氮һˣǾܡ
һͨͨ飬
ϣͻúܿ
ͺӹæ˰˵һԺţҲûʲô
ȱʲôأ
İĽǶһλ޵ĵոһӣԵĶˡ
Ҹôܸɣôȣʱ
ӣͲһˡ
ͬ˵รһţİǰԺ鷿סˡ
һ˾ú¡ùµį
ԲһĻһĻ¶»ƻ裬滨زšĳ
ԽԽۡ
ҲᵣԼŮ˵ԺӶȻˣĬĬᡣ
Ͼӣôҡİ롣
İ粻֪ŷ֣ԼѾܾûȥŮԺˡ
¶˵ģรġר֮衱
ġ

֮չ೤ıոԺ½ֶһġҡ֣ӣСԺİǰԺ鷿ݾСԡ
ԱػкԺˮڴˡ
֮ʱ̾ˮһɫ
νˮҲˡ
ӣ˸סΪ˱ʱܴĸС
ϴεۣӣ;ú亹ವð
˵׵УʵԴڳﻤס
ۡ
ӣǵôԽ֮ǰ¥¹ʹŻסⶫȻŲۣȴʵʵڵĺЧ
繷ëƤͿҩϻ׾ܱëƤҩԽ
ǹܻΪȥҧԼ˿ڡ
Ҵ˻ףҲܱ⹷ԽȥһЩжʳǹܳԵĶ
һѼ״ġѼƵĺܳõۻۻƵɫǰֿĵطȥһֻСѼһ
ӣžñӺȣĻͷƨλϣһֻѼβ͡
ȻһʰЬӶСѼƵ״
ūŶ̲סƴЦһ̵ˡ
ϲһɫۿɰĶӣոָȥ׵ʱûʲô
ȵҪԶʱ򣬺ͺȻʶˡã
ֹС
վƳƴšȻٻɫѼЬ͸һһȡ
ƨϵβҲŻΡ
ֱһֻĿͨСѼӡ
ˣ
ӣЦþͿˣŶҵѽ
Цöۡ
θŴʱ򣬿źһװ磬Ҳ۷ˡ
Ϊһ峯ˣȻûмôͨĴ硣
ĽĲУŤŤĳӣСģ˲֣ȥź͵ѼͣȻֳ˳͵Ѽƨɣһ˳ϸޡ
ָá
۶λεĽͿ֮󣬺Ȼ;һѼװҲôˡ
ЩĻѼƨɣô
ƴСţְƳıϣȥͽϵѼЬ
תθӣһָŵܵܣһ߾ֿЦ
ĺӻеЦݡǣĵס
һǳɾЦ
ӣҲŴ񣬺ޱЦˡ
Цһ룬Աθ˼ĳ֮⣺ô˵ģЦ¶ݡ
վԭأֻں͵ѼβϣϵȻʹӺתһСˡ
įشۣı촽
Ц¶ݡ
θˣϾͶŴͷ޵
񻺻ĽִӺ͵Ѽβÿһһߵθһ˳ӡ

û죬İϹʱ򣬾ͿϴŸֵֹĶ
⣬ۻɫġ
һʼûʲôֱһѼװ׹ǸѼ졣
ȴϲһСѼѣ߬СȭͷŤֺСӣ˼ǲԸѡ
ӣԱߣ͸İ͡˵Ϊ˷ֹͺ¶ǵС
İЦãתһɫе࣬ӣҲô


209 ֪

İһ࣬ӣϥˣ֪
ĶûҲҵĺӣǻӻ
٣ӣãİĽǶô¶
õСɸѼӡʱе㲻ף
İӱӣ
ӣϥһ£ȽŲסˣӻ˻ΣһֱӾ͹ڵˡ

İְֻ̾ˡãôϢ
˵仰룬ػҲ˵ˡ
ӣקİӾûſָһġİ֪ء
ҲȻ
ӣͷίίظֻͣѼףȻøͳһǾͷ˸Ѽβ͡ЬҲˡ
Խ˵ԽС
İ˵
ţ̾˿ְ£ĺףѼģ
ӣͷ絷⡣
İָ˸ͷһ֣̿ùơ
ӣȥͰѺ˴Ѽһ𱧹ˡ
˲ڴϡ
Ѽ׺Ĳǽаڹ̶ںӵԴϡ
İӹͰȥĿ˺ü顣
ղէȻһãϸϸˣŲòϡм˼
̧ͷӣһۣó
ͱѼףվԭأһʱЩ£ϡ
ȻһţСִӺ§סİĲӣſԱ߾С꣬¸£¸£
ӣָİͣСѼӵĽǸ¸£ҽ̺͵ġ
İͷһʱһְѼ׻˶ӡ
Ͱױڻˡ
źӣ͸ƶһ;ƨڴȥֲͣķȥԭش͵һ˫Сţһֱѽӣš
ӣסСȣ˳ͰѼЬˡ
ʹĿѼЬһһ뿪ԼĽţȻСһһ
ۿžҪ޳ӡ
ӣԴһĵǲôˣ겻ϲأ
͵СȴӣȻСգƴİϲȡ
İѶӱ˹᲻صƨϴ˼¡
ͱ໽УһߵСȣŬվֱӣһ߾Сǰһˡ
·ǳһ㣬Ȼƨɵӱ˼£˿ǳֱӰպİһ𣬷ǳش󺰣¸£¸£꣡
İ籾ЩûסӣԱߣͿİһһ̡
Ц
һ㲻ĸףĺ
û취

û죬ǰ鷿ūžรСԺһЩʹ͡
İ˼һȺСѼӡ
ӣɵۡİֺöʹ͵Ĵ
ǻСѼӻǵһΡ
ԴС⽱ԺԺͺܾûСˡ
͸˵ĿˣĸצıʾҪµء
ȵ䵽ˣ׷ë׵СѼֱ¸£
ӣĵظͣСѼӡ
͸ѧСӣ
ӣֱӷˡ
ߣǰִı׼ÿ²20ȵ30֮ǻ
ʺѼӵ¶ȡ
СѼһĸ»᳤ɳѼȵˣҲͲôɰˡ
ӣںŶӵҸѣԺ׷СѼӣ룺ɸϽСѼӻɰһɣ
ԺԭгģΪӣ³ʲô⣬ֱ˸ûٰӸˡ
ΪСѼӣüС̫ʰһ¡
ǻˮֱӺİǰԺ鷿Աߵ쾰ͨˮԡ
ȣˮҲɹůůģӣڳԱСӣúſ棬ˮˮ
ҲſԱߣŶӡ
ڿдˮͱһգͷһʺ硣
СѼһֻһֻŽ˳
һֻСѼӣͷԱȱѼСһЩҲЩηˮ档
ʿΪŷĳѼʳҲЩ˽⣬ʱ͹ӣͣ˵Ѽӻ̫СˣڻӾ
ӣĵѼӲӾģ
ѵ
ҲֻСѼӺܺ¡
ӣԱ΢΢һģ¶ӺȻһưСѼӸǿдˮˡ
ͺСĵأСֻСѼӣٵø߸ߵģϸؿš
ӣĶȻˣĵС޺ë׵СѼ
СѼں͵΢΢ţĽһֻ׵С
꿴ͷǳתͷӣ
һ³ĸ֡
ӣ룬Щ˶ӵ˼ø꿴𣿡
ָָԺͨİǰԺ鷿ĽݾССص˵ͷ


210 ˡ

ӣ룬ϵʱ򣬾ūȥǰԺ鷿˵Ǻ밢ˡ
İ绹ûظ
СԺ˸Ѽա
СѼڳӾԱС°ͿţĿת
ӣֱԺﲻԶԱˣһ߸ͷҪõķɹСñӣһ߾߻תͷɣ
︩Ա߿һ߿ŸһŤŤߺۼһߵͷ
ȻƳӣָϵۣ̲ס̾һʲôһƬĸģ
ǡ
õĶรֻԼַƵģء
ͷĽߣδ䣬ԶԶȥһ͵Ѽơ
߸ӣӣöұظӣĦ羱
ӣתͷͷԸöȥʿŪЩ׷ˣҪһЩװڲιСѼӡ
ͽӹС̣Ϳʼˮ顣
ƽˮ棬ʱɧҲֹ
СѼӶȿֺ˹һһڵͷĵˮҽһЩˮͽ˺͵ϡ
ֱ̧ĨĨЩˡ
ӣƲϽ͹ȥѶӱһߺһߴˡ


̫ӹڿǰĬĿϦĹǬ幬Ĵ֮䣬һһ㻺ƶš
Ŀʹעļӡ
⼸ӣеǼ̫Ŀ޷͡һ£ȻʾعԱͻߡ
е˵̫ʵ̡̫˵Ϊ鲻ѣ̫ӸۡУŰɱ๬ԷʹȮֻ
ԴΪ֡
һִı̫ӣ
ɬ
ؽĶ£Ŀصشǰŵ̫ɨȥ
̫ɹıֱƶûһ¡
ɡ
˵ֺ󣬿ԼһƵĿԡ
̵תȭͷס˿ڴԹŬֱͦһЩ
ʵҲʮ͡⼸겡˼ֱ̫¶ģؾЩĲˡ
˵ʱҲЩ㣬üͷһ壬ǴԱƹҳԳ̬ˡ
̫ϸ׿ţһԲ
ʰ̬ȱ䵭ˡû
ʰԹ֪
γֶԻʰûԹ
һܹϵıʡ˫εġ
¾ޡطiΪΪʺӣ͵֮УԴһ
İǣϾǲͬġ
()ǳ
ǻʰꡭ̫뵽ɽԹʰȴƺԽԽһ㡣
ڰ罥֮󣬻ʰ̬һҪֹҫĲɸ󰢸硣
һֵ硢˰
ָ̫̲߬ס뵽Сʱ򡪡Сʱ³֮ںƴǬ幬֮У׷ŹӰȥ
׻ʱĹ⾰úǡ
˵Т
ТТҲ˵һȰġ
̫ôţ۵׾Щ㱡
֪⼸ԼԽˡ
ǴǰҲûŹʱ
ʰһֻۣһֻ۵ظȥˡ
ǴʲôʱǸ۰Ļʰ꿪ʼˣʼΪԽԽˣ
Ϊڿ
ʹʲôʵԵΪҲûֻҪطiռסˡλáĳЩУѾ
ˡ
̫վڵУſһؽ֮»
ɫ糣̫Եȴһ˿Գֵҡ
ֻ̫ܴԱƳ۽Ǽ⣬΢΢鴤
ү׻Ƕŭˡ
ˣ̫Ӽظձ˼䣬ͼһˤаڿлһɫߣȻžһڵϡ
İҳббأŶꡱһм˺ѿˡ

Ǭ幬̫ӻһַɿǰߡ
Ȼһ̧ͷӭÿ硢İ硢尢硢˰綼˹
һôƶǻʰġ
̫ӿЦһ£ǿʰ飬ó̫ӵļµվԭأǹ
̫꣬طi󣬰첻ʱʺѲȥˡ
󣬿طĸϸ̫ӡ
Ϊһϵ̫ӿ磬ҪñһЩġ
̫ӾãӦҲ˰ɣ
絽˽ǰ̫ΪҪʱɫȻʮΡ
ûƽʱһʮȵĸʺůǿҲûҶ࿴һۣԭվˣԶ˸񣺡̫ү
ȻûĻˡ
ڵ̫ӵ׽ܻеʰĲ
ϾİǶڶ̫ӡ
ͬһĸģأ
Ͼֵܡ
˵ˣ⹬֮УֵΣ
İʮİ粻ֵܣ

粻ˮ
ĺɫ̫վںǽ£ɫƣֲ԰ס


211 Ұ

İ絹ǿ첽ǰˣɫһǰʮ㶼ǵֳܵܶ𾴣̫밲
˰վžԶЩλãĬĬһ
̫ЦЦڰİˡ
İ̫ɫԣɵؾ͹еص̫үӲʣ
̫һĭϣͿ˰ں棬һ˫۾תĹĴ
̫Ӷ˶٣޷˯òãЩ
綼֪£̫ˣҲ֪Ǵӡ
ҪӣȴܽҴ
İ͵̫үڶſڵš
˼ողŹֱӾԼ̫үظ
̫ҡҡͷһһеԶˡ
Ŀ̫ԶˣתǬȥ
尢;Ű綼尢СТ»ʺϥ£СС͸ǸŻʺѧԴʱ򿴼̫Զˣľ¶֮ɫ
Ȼתȥʱ尢ں棬ֵ͵͵غһĸ磡
İ˶٣˽Ųȵ尢Ҳˣ˱òǰС
İ尢ʰһӲ̫үĸֳһǧ𡭡
İ֪尢Ȼ˿ǰ̫ӵ顣
İﰵô
ţɵþҡҡͷ尢һۣȴӿһůܲվκ˵Ķӣ֮硣
ѵǣȻȴͿ
һĸͬľŰȣǲͬġ
֪İ
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֮ϣӣЦݶЩ֮䣬ֶ˵һ½£ᵽ׼Ѳҡ
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ţ˰Щ಻סˡ
ȲسУվһСɣͦͦģֵͷӿͬʰһͬǰ
һΨԼˣ͸Ͻ˵ԼҲҪųʶ
尢ܷϵվںߣû廰
ϵЦݲ䣬ĿشӼɨȥŶһ
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˰Ϻ΢ؾͷһ˿Ρ
˭Ҳû뵽ǣ˵ˡ˵Ҫ̫ͬС
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ӣСԺҲسС԰
ʵϸ˵⵹ȫ⡣
ֻİǰһ졪˵Ѳ԰ٿشһЩ
ΪرϲԺɫ
ϲС˵ժϹҶιСѼӡ
ӣʵͦСԺӸĳӣ԰ġ
ζϲũ֡
û죬ʢʹŹˣ˵Ƿİ˼ҪรС԰ĳɲ԰ӣҪͨİǰԺ鷿ݾҲĳɲ԰
ҪǺͰȥҰֱ꣬С԰ȥС
һ·ϼ٣һЩٵ߲ˡ˿ϡϹϡ«ϡʲôġ
ʢڳ˵ˮһ㡣
ӣϣǸ˵ͷ͡
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˵Ǹ񰢸磬ĸͬ
ǲһġ
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Щ˿Ӷŷר˳ȥĴׯģ֮ǰҲŷ˹ź
ȵˮ˿֣֮ʪӰѿȵ¶֮ͿԲˡ
˿ϳÿ죬һҲµ׵ʱһС˿ټϣλƣɢŵĹ㡣
ѾǿԳյӡ
ӣʵһֱ˿ϿһһȵĶɫСӳ֮УҲ൱Сµġ
һ˿ϣѹûһġ
ʿȥŷ˲֪˿һڳʱ׿챥֮£ӳٿԿ
ӣеʧͿϹۣȴ˵ĲС
ӣžٸ߸ߣڳ֮ϣСһק˿档
ϾСޣϵ㣬ʹ˳̵˫ֱһ˿ϣСֱòײժһ˿
Ϊݺݵײӣϡ
ӣֶӣһġ
һȺūŸϽรˡ


212 ׾԰

İôСһͷ
ⳡͷһ
Ȼӣվˣŷ
߽ˣūæһظү밲İſӱϵĶ
ͱϱһС¨ӣװϹġ
ӣһͷ״ģ뵽İ粻̫ܽι״Ķ
ۡ
ʵʵֻͷһ涵
õҲӻɫĽС
£͸ոժ˿Ͼͱڶ˿̵ģǰ²ɵĻɫӳһ嵭µĹ֮
İѵõĿһȻ΢΢ͷ̬Цֹ϶ϣȽȽԫϸԵԵ
ӣĲ㲻Ҫ˵ټ
˿ʫİһŶӵԲ«һԴһ߾ͺܸп룺ѹֹϲ׾԰
۵Ȼȷʵʱȴķ׷š
ӣ˵˿ȥгɰƬ׷òͼ塣
֮ŻС׷һֲִ赭ҰȤ
򵥵˿
״ָ࣬˵ǺʣҲ˵Ǻʡƽƽ棬ڸȴζ
˿֮峺ףʰۣʿɿڡ
м䣬ӣصȥһ䣬ʿҪİ׺ۡ
ǲǵ㾦֮أ
İСӣҨһ봿˿ȡ˿ûạ̃İȵͷǺ
ӣ棬ҲڳӡԽ֮ǰҲϲˡ
İܲ
ζҲߡ
һ¶ǣ׻ˮЩİδʱʿǴ׼͹ˡ
Ҳӣεġڸкܼ򵥣ᡣ
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ӣصѵ۶һЩըļʮֱĽ֭ʵеը׻䷬ѽ
ֲ˾Ͳһʼ
ǸտʼͳƷֲ赭ĺˡ

ͶԺһȺūΧţֿʼŵϵĲ粻ˡ
СѼ˵ģιǼ֮СѼӿ;͸ܡ
İʱ򣬾Ϳĸ֡ŮС̫ǶΧźͣһСӡ
ſڵϣ;ƨɣС֣ŵϵĲ硣
Ȼǡ硱ȻǼ۵ġô˼£ҶҲˡ
̵Ĳ֭Ⱦ˺һ֡
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ͿֻͷСģͷԴһЩͬ鼷ں棬ż쳤˲ӣ¸ֱС
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İں濴ţһü⣺Сӣ֪
󶯾һͷİ磬
մ˲֭ĺܣһûסͨһ¾ſСϡ
Сϴ˸Ȼ泯죬صСȣ־ͶİЦţ꣡ˣֲˣ
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İֽӱͿﻹקһƬҶĸġ
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ʹ
ȻȻͼɻأ§סĲӣءȣİһڡ
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ʢǳͷϣͣϽػز飬˫ϸİ硣
Ҷڳ֮İ綶ŵڣ˺ͣʲô
ͺߺ˰죬𲻳С֣һཱུʵʵ
ȻŤԴֱ껳ꡣ
İЦ

Ժ˵ˡ˵⼸죬үֻҪ˸ֱӾȥรС԰
Ҳûģ͹ⱧźͰ԰ˡ
˵ʱİ绹ỻ˱װԼūǵĳͷڲ԰
รҲͽĺܡү֮ǰͻ˴²ͷˡ
ôС԰˵Цء
˼ֱ˵ˡ
̽С̫ȷˡİֵǲˡ
ûõĲˣԽӵĲˡ
ǻ
Ȼֹ˼죬øһµǣİո԰ﶼһЩ˵ء
ȻӦġ໨ҲҪΪڵطˡ
վڻ԰֮УС̫ŻһһؽЩ̺Ļڳϴֲٷŵһʱļ׻
Ȼٷ࣬ʩʡ
ΪҪֲ׼


213 ʾܶ

಻Ǹ׻һǺü졣
ټϲĻ֣ҲҪʱ䡣
̫һһؽƳȥæȻ졣
ôһڣԺﶼ֪ˡรԺӶ֮£ÿԿһƬġ
ﶬи쾰
ȫɲ˵ˡ
รȻʹ졣
ʱͬաٲʹҲֻܱš
Ȼร˵ˣ԰ӵ⣬ǴรСԺ﷢ɢġ
͸ˡ
Ҳûõȥรȥ밲ʱ򣬾ͿüͷһĲɵӡ
˼ŵĸҪ󣬸ȻҲûô׷ʣĲɵľʹӦˡ
İǰԺ鷿͸ˡ
ǰÿδӹҪ
İȴƵӦֻ꣬鷿Ź̫һԺĸ
ӣСԺӣԽ
ոĺԺ죬ūȥǸˮˡ
ūǽ鷿̨׸ȹ⻬ˡ
ʢ鷿ſڣһ޿
Ϊϵһعչˡ񡢴о̤оϱǿض׸֣
߾Ǹ˵ĲоӲãֻ½ƲׯٻһƷ֡
Ҫôйͷͷʾֲ˹Ϲɫ⡣
ʢЦĶׯĺ봷ţֲ˰ֲ˰
ǻ԰쾰

µףİţϽץסᣬòȰİ磺˵ڳ֮ϣѫҪ
ϾǶᣬǶޱգպҪġ
ûйѫʲôأ
үָµ񣬵˱ֵģҲò۾ֱǡ
Щ飺ˣѣã˱ڹ
İĬļϵĲˣ֪еġˡָ̫ӡ
ϾĵոͬΪһңһپ٣һ
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İŵ˵ͷʾ̫Լʢһ
ĵͷ˹϶
Խ˵İںԺ￪Щ˵ءѪˣһҲͰˡ
ǻʰ磬ܲũһָЩϹճɡ
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ԺѲ˵صĻʵͦ΢˵Ĳλʹôһ죬ʹﲻȰ˵Ŀġ
һ˵ĹˣҲԵϺڼһรƵġ
رעִ硣
ԾԼƵĻͦ
˵˵ţİһš
ӹԱūŵݹӣ˲죬վ˵һ䡰ٹ
Ȼˡ
ҲЩջû׷ȥԱ߶ȥǳǳһҲǽӲģү
ȵİԶˣ渺µһСŮӵعһޢ㣬츣ǻЬϽһӣòȥˣô죿
ޢ룬СѾͷ²ֱӶе̣һ˫Ьʾ
ûؾ͵ˡ
ޢ⻰ЩΪѡƽĻЬȻҲ޷һ˫ʹ͵ġ
͹ʹأޢսˣŸ
˵ãһ˵뵽ʱ͹УС۰
еĶϱʱ򡪡۽޵ģ΢Ĳ
ˣ
΢΢߬ӷ֣̫Ѩ£ɫһ˲Щ
ޢˣŲӣվŻЬȥȴֱסˣֱյ
ޢͷū֪
ºۼźá

˿Ѳ԰İӼֱҪ׵ļơ
ⲻ߰ݸۡȥ߰縮ϡ
߰ĸɴϲ谮߰Ѿˣ˸ǳɣûгɡָ
ҳȷʵƽΪ޳裬ּʮֱ΢СģڹЩ꣬Ҳƽƽذ߰ˡ
Ϊ˾֮ŮĳҲرáֵ֮߰Уؾγ˾Сģؼӡ
尢ĺƲͬ߰С֮Уһ˿Ա
⻹һԭ̥߰صһ죬Ǹȳӡ
һвмˣȻǲڰг͵ġ
õʵϲˡ
ˣ߰ĴڸһֱǿÿǼһʱ߰ҲǻᱻΪǸ
ԣ˵İȻϿԼ߰ʱϡġһмȣߡ
ȥӭİˡ


214 Զƫ

ߵľٿ죬ϾǸȳӣܿ쵽Ķȥ
รϺɵؾʹӺ׷߰磬ָ̧һѣүЩ
߰ʶؾ͵˵ͷ
ԼȻǰ磬ȴΪСĸ׽½С΢ԴӹϲһЩŮˡ
߻仰˵ǿһЩŮ˲Ÿ
ǲรϡ
⸮еĵոͲรȻͬʱλȴͬոǸŮӣŮز
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˷
ԵֿЦᡣ
İ翴ˣԼ۾߰ɨ
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İͶԺ˸ơ
߰۾İһƣͿС̧̫¨
ﻹ¶͵ĲҶӡ
ǡ߰绹ΪԼۻˣȵȷİǸԼͲģͳˡ
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İĺ󱳣ʹȥ
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İ翴⸱磬Цֺ˵ӣԽЩ졪Щϰˡ
ϰԲڷﻹйӺݾġ
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İĬĵͷؿŲյƯĲҶ
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ֻǰ漸æü£ʰ궼˴󰢸磬Ͱ˰ǡ
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ũׯĹϹ߿ɶˣԶⱴոԺＸĶܱȵġ
İ翴˳˼ЦŴ˼Ȼ˵ԼԵ飬ˡ
ֻ߰ʣį۰Ͱ͵İ絽˸ſڣһĵĸ糣
İЦųҡҡ֣ʾ˰ѳˡ
¡ȥʮˡ
ʮڰŻӵҲûˡ
İ֪ʮʱ޿̲뿪
ʮͻСڵĹǣʮµӵܣÿ飬һ춼ꡡ
Щ˸˼ҵĸǲͬ
ʮո书ĿΣϰĹͷᱳʹ
С̫Ĩҩء
ſϣһתͷͿİˡ
ʮ緭˸Ͻ£һֻѥףҪİ
İ˵ԻԱˣҡҡ֣
һ˵һ߾˰ѹϹ߲ͽˡ
׵ľһ˿ϡ
˿ʣ̵ģżԶŵһ͸ˮ㡣
ʮ°Ͷˣ
̧ͷİ磬ĿࣺĸôһˣΪ˸Ͳˣ
İһкβɡı顣
Ȼа˾ӴǷֿġ
ӷȻиԺ䡣
ʮҲС
ĸĲรģһЩ⿵ģˬɿڵġеֱӳҲɡ
İһ˵һ߾ӣһֻӣİƤ
ϾŹ˵ģǹƤļббӡ
ʮ翴̲סЦ
С̫ϴˮϴɾ֮󣬾͹ȥİԱߣˡ
ϦʹӴʮŵüĿ֮䡣
һ߰һ߾Ͷİ˵ĸ磬˵̫үˡ


215 м

İԾһ棿
ȻôʣȴѾ˰˾ŷ֡
ʮȻСȴѣӲӡ
һʮڰԱ߰ŵľʮĵԺӣϢδػıոĳ١
Ȼʮ˵̫ӴΪʼѻϿģСϾͳ˸
£ɴС
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ʰȻǰδἰ£ǱѾ̫ҽȥ˺üˡ
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İţվȻʢԸţЩϹϡ
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İ̧ߣĸ˫
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ʮ⧲ЦžͱסİŲӴеĸ磡ң
ԺĻ˹İʮϷ֡
Ҳ֪λĸֵܻãַϣĬĬľˡ
ʮǴСɵϰߡƽʱİΪĸ硱
ҪطGʱ򣬾ͱˡĸ硱
İ类ܵĸ纰ͷһʱ뵽СʱֺСʮƨɺ棬غš
΢΢һɣ߬סʮ֣ͷվˡ
ʱʮ練˸ղƤЦɫĸҪȥ̫ү𣿡
İûеͷҲûҡͷ
ֻ΢΢촽Ȼۣ¡
ֵ˶ĬʮףĸĬˡ
ｹǰһסİļͷͲţĸ磬ʰ񡭡̬δ˶̫ү֮ȴҪȥ̫ү
˵һţ̫ӵع칬ɲȱʰ۾
İͷ֪ԲҪȥ
ʮ绹ڱڣһżеСһ˻ˣʲô
İ簴ס֣ؿʮ۾ʮܣ֪ңֵõġĸзִ磬ĸ硣
ʮһͱĸ粻˵ҲУǸһȥ
İתͷͺǳʲôˮʵ
ʮ绹˵ʲôͿİѾóֳϡ
ֻԴ졣

ȥع칬·ϣİһ·ĥԼ˼
١˵ʰ飬ȴΨ̫ĸʺȥ֮һʱ䣬ѻ˺ᣬδ̤һ
ôĸ飬ôܶԺµΨһѪ˵ܾͲˣ
ܾˡҲͲеĺӸ̫ˡ
İ粻̫ӻ׾ͳȥ
ʰ꣬һһ졣
̫ӡԸͼҲôԱȥ
һʹ̫ӵµƣǳ
ڹȥ̫Ӵκΰ
˳൱߹ʮ磬̫Ӷ磬ӱɱ֮ٵġ
İԶԴڣ̫үʮء
˷ǲľ飿
ҲΪˣİȻ̫ӵˣ̫ӶһЩĵܵĺõġ
Ҳûк
һλ̫ӣԺλ»ʵۡİţԼӲ̫ѹ
֮λ仯Ϊˡ
ʶԼ󵨵뷨İͷ̲ס͵һ
촽߬еȭͷ
̫֮λ󰢸磬磬˰С
δһоͺ˵ˡ
Ե֮İǣͶʯ·
뿴ʰ굽׶̫ӣжٵĸ֮飿
Ǻģǳģ
ףѪ
ϸ׵һźģֻҪ̫ģǿȣġ
һ˵ģǱûˡ
µ׵ϽǣѵԷ֮УҲһů硣
İһ·У뵽Զ֮ȴֻúһ亹
֪֮УʢͣסˣСүүˣ
İ̧ͷ̫ӸۡѾȻǰ
ſԵ˵ȣȵ˽еʱİ̧űȥˡ
Ĳһ̫ǰ֮УŸո²ŰڶŪء
İͿ̫Ӻ棬ôҲӡ
źɫ֮У˯ļ𣬿С˶
̫ӿİˣ΢΢һͷͶԱεģ


216 Ͷʯ·

İһʱûȹе˼̫ӵ塣
̫ԣеݸԱߵĸŽߣչʾİ翴
İͿװֱֵϣһ˺Ĳҩ
ǳĵطҩסˣҲʲôˡ
İϽ˵˼̫ӵ¸񣬶ȻȬơ
̫ЦЦû˵ʲôת
İͷһʱ䲻̫Ȼǰװֵġ⡰֡ƺЩ顣
ϵġ桱һһβסˣ͸ƣ
İ̫ӳ̾Ϣһ벻׻ģ
İ绹ûӻͿ̫ӾȻתȥڲ۽ˡ
İʱԴհһ¡
Ӧ֮˻⣬ֻ˵ȵĺܣԼһЩϹ߲ˣǺͶһںԺֵģ̫үſģغúõ壬ܵǶֳĺܡ
̫һһһ˿Цĵǵĸƨ
תͷԸūŰİĶˡ

̫Ӹ̫ۡѵõһֱ͵˹ſڡ
İ繧б
һ·λ֮Уİĺá
֪ʰǱҲۡ
룺Լ̫ӵһͶʣյҪĳЧ
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İ翴Ŷۡ
΢սһЩͿֵСŻʣղȵ
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ӣҲŻͷ
ԼվǶŵʱ̫áϥǶ˾ͲԾһ¡
İһְסˡ
ĸԱߣҲѺͱİͿǰĻֽϣȫī㡣
ʲôʺ͡
ĸССţһߵȣһ첲İ磺ţţ
˼ǲҪĸҪİ籧
İ̲סʧЦѶӱ֮ڱ۰ϵ˵ͻͷӣһһˡ
ͱסİĲӣеۣ꣡
İ粻̫⡰ۡʲô˼
ӣԱһͣİŪԭ˵ǡ
ҪԼ
İ۳磬Ŷӣͺһ
ȺģͷҲȺġ
ͺİǳġ
ŤСƨɾͻϲϲصϲ꣡
ӣվԱߣ΢Ц̧֣סİߣͶźһ࣡Ŀ͡
Ŵ۾Ŷһᣬѧ
Сס˰ɷ˵ؾͰİͷת˹Ȼݺݵİϡࣣһڡ
İЦ
Ц䣬Ȼһ˲䣬ͻȻܵ˻ʰ̫ү顣
һˣԼİŮΪԼĺӵĸ顣
İԭվһ˲΢΢
ֱźһ·ӡ
ūǼ˵Ҫﰢүš
İҲûá
⻭ʲôѽָͼֽϣڶ˺͡
Сӣʹ
İһҲˣ̧ͷͿӣ׼Լ롣
ӣԱߣЦžʹūнӹһ̾⽴档
һ߽İŵϣһߵү˵ǡСѼӡ
İȻ
ٿǰֽϣһһī㣬żԱбݵ
ǿɲѼͷѼ
ҶãѾѼӵĳˡ
İһôţһ߾ǺЦϧİֽˡ
תͷʢж˶Ψīδɣպˣȥ˷鷿
ʢĽӹˡ
ӣİ粻̫ӵ顣
ӣרĶԸǰİ档
˾֮⣬ӣǰ˲ٶ꽴

⻹ЩСС
ԭȻ򵥣鶼ڹըģִ࣬гɷС飬һ죬
ӣĶȫݵ⣬һⲻֿͣڸеˬ
İͷһ룬һ̧ͷЩǣ˼ϵļ⡣
Ȼüͷһ壬ʶļ̌߼
ʢˣҪǰȥͿรѾߵүԱߡ
˫ϣ־Ͱİ羲
İͰѿӷˡ
ְסӣ֣ԼǰҲһ죬Ъţ


217 Ψ

ӣ˵ԼʵҲôۡϾǲรˣߵĶһȦūŸźš
ۣҲ޵ġ
ǣ룬Ǳˡ
İǺ¶
ǣۣ΢΢ЦžĬˡ
İӣֱվ֣߽ݡ
ڴأһӣѺͷڴϣöȥ
ȻİͰѽ߰ʮͲ˵˵һ顣
ӣһһ߾΢΢ۣԭүԺūժһЩˣ͵ǰ鷿ΪһΪ
һ˵һ߾͸оԼӱ
ӣͷһͿר־ĳԼϵĽ߻ƣͷԼˣཱུ̧СһȵЦݡ
ӣѶ汧˱̫ߣСˤ
İĬĬĿĶȻסļͷ
һİʵ㷽˵ΪΪʲô
Цŵͷһӣ
ƻ֮£ӣһµСϣü䣬ǳЦӯӯ
ӣС˵һΪүҪǰԺ鷿ū˹ء
İǳǳ죬΢΢һЦ֣߬Լ˼²ŵô᣿үظֻҪûţĴβźã
һ˵һ߾ͳ̧̧֣ЦӣĲһ£͵͵صģүһһá
ӣһ˲ӣһȻ̧ͷЦ绨Ķİү
İһ֣סϸ
ӣϵ⣬ʶؾɪһ£Ȼŷ壬˽İĻ
İһһͷ
ܰķΧУӣؾ;ƤԽԽ
°ʹİļϣıۡ
ʶУ;ԼһֻСè䡣
һֻ˱ϥϣһһ鸧ƤëСè䡣
İϵĶûãȴͣ
ӣʶ̧ͷ
İҲͷ
ĿԣķΧ𽥾ͱˡ
·ҹİȾһ޵ɫʡ
ӣȻ󰲾
쳣
Ȼ뵽˶ӣͷһ𣬻ͷ͡
ڴβһ缦
һֻСָ첲§ŸСͷһֺֻ۾һգգضŰ￴
ýζ
ӣ(???????)

İû⣬˵ǰԺ鷿ҪһҪȥ
ôһ˵ӣͲµҪҹˡ
ѣİİ絣˵˺üȥ
ӣִҪͣİͰԼˡ
վСԺֻһūԶԶı˿
İĺȦӣ뵽ʷϵӺ˵Ӻ۾ǹۣ°ҹ˯ʱ䲻㣬ؾ͸
Խ֮ǰҲţʲôԱҹӰ࣬ͣڹλϡ
ӣ뵽İ־һ
İԼʲôͷôˣ
ӣ߬סİӣŴߣСصү鷿˯һʱҲãӣ㡣
˵Ȧеˡ
İ˲˵ˡ
ӣԽŨ
İ缫СĵҲ˼ūǻԱˡ
ͷһǳǳǡ
Ĭһ˲İ˵ͷ͵͵صҴӦ㡣

³Ͻǡ
Ǭ幬С
дֽϵһ֣Žʸûرɽŵµİ磬ֵģơ
İǰˡ
Ŀ֮ͼʰǰֽʮĸ֣ݺȥȻ֪ꡣ
İ΢뵽ġ׷ˡ
һǡΨ£ٻԲ
İ΢΢ָ߬ţʰ꣬ϵԽ¶˰
Ψ¡ģ˭
ɲ̫ү
ţһ̧ͷȻͶ˿⡣
ʰؿԼһ˫뾫
İ籾Ϊʰ궨ǰһԼƷ鷨ʼ
ȻȴĿ⡭
İͷһ飬ʶͷʰ꣡
ĿգҲգضص˵ǰӣȥ̫ˣ
ڴ֮Уÿһֶϵ
˵仰˳ֽǰİ˿һֳأһȴס
İؿǰʰ߬ԽԽ

˿


218 

İ˼һ˲ڿǰ£һͷɫ򶨵ػʰĻӲӵȷȥع칬
һ˫۾̶ˮֻǵȻض㲻úðʰ꽻Ĳ£ȥʲô
֮Уһʱסˡ
ԱźŹֻú䤱æתͷʹɫԱź̫Ƕȥˡ
İڿǰ˿̬ϿңʰĲ£ҪϣֻŶмűϾֵ֮飬ʵڲ̡
ǡɶӸֿ˲˵أ˲ʱ߲ˣŸع칬һȥ
˵̵ͷΣǶǻʰ겻죬ʰ𷣣
ϣ˿βŵǸ̫Ͳȥģ
İϵǣҲֻ̫ӣߵܺʮܶ˲ˡ
ҲʰͲˣֻǴѲ˵أղֻŵպúˣٳТҲ١
΢΢üʲôʱߵôˣ
İֵ̧ػʰ꣺ߵܸո˳ӣҲǹȥ˳ϲ
˵ɫ֮ӴСţ಻֪ũ˰յĸ࣬ںԺѲռ࣬Ҳźʶһʶ˹Ȼ
һᵽﱲˣȴǲ¶ֻǵģ˵
İҲԣ۽Ǿվ
վڵУηӡ
Ŀ˳΢΢ͷĿп֮⣬̵صģû롪̫ڶҲһˣΪ綼ûȥ
İվԭأĬ˺ܾãһһֵֻ֮飬ûǸ˵ʧ
˶٣̧ͷſĿᶨ޾⣺ʰ̫꣬ǶǶӵĶ硣

İߺãŹŵع͵͵Ƴһۿɫϣˣūһյ
β˵ֻǰĲյ
㿴İΣ
Ź֣Ҫȥ˿ǰĲյԣֱ΢
ܿסˡ
үĻūʲôģʸƷۻʰ磡Ź͹ˣȿһ䡣
ƲߣŹ˵
ŹͣһΣСԵĴūŲūžţİͬ͹һ㣬Ǻġ
Ĭţ˵ˡ

תۼ䣬⽥ȥѾ˾
СѼʱѾͷβس˴ѼӣҲɰˡ
ʿкüδȻѼӵ񣬾ʳġ
еĥ˼
￴ˣקһߣЦǷˣ
СѼӡ
ҲһЩ˵ĴʻͶ̾ˣǰСȴûб䡣
ЩСѼΪǴСιŵģҲʮ׽ǰߣѼǱں׷š
ž͸һȺƵġ
ÿαθʱ򣬶еЩѼӡ
;ͺĵ֣ƣ£С죬ģۣ
һ˵һ߾Ŵ֣ȥЩѼӵͷȻƵѸл˺㣬£¸£
ӣ֪ӵ˼˵ѼӵǱģԼʹҲ̫ۡ
ĬĬ²ۣЩѼӶǿ㳤ģȻʱҲǵ㵽Ϊֹѵˮ
ǻ˴Ͳһ˰
Ҵǹأ
ӣһô룬һ߾ͷԸūǶȥŴ
ССʱ˵أ㲻ðѶˣʲô¹Ҳǿܵġ
ȻһתͷͿθԱߣҲ۵ĵӣȴӲŲȥôͺ档
Ȼһյ趼ȹ⣬û֪Ųյڰз
ӣ΢΢һЦ͵Щɣ
θ͵ػعϽЦŵˡ
ʱ򣬴ͺҲĲˣһѼëĹ϶ϸܵĺ飬վһƻ
ֱͣ
θְŮǰ̧Ӹ˲Ȼ΢΢һЦÿʱǸʲôˣ
΢΢㶣ʹԴĵϰ֡
ӣ˲סˡ
˿һ˫С֡ôСޣҪǰдˣ
ܹ
ָܱȱ
θָ磬Цվӣ񣺡รûȥˣ߶
վ棬ͰСķʽȵصҲӣ
ĸŮ֮ӣͷ˿һѼëϣɵŵĺ͡
öԱߣŮŵͭУˮ͸ϸĲϴС֡


219 ģ

߹ȥë׵Դ̧ͷͳЦţ
ӵЦݸȾӣ̲סҲ΢Ц
̺Ӿ޵ʱԱߣһ߸ӣ̴һĵĸ˵˵รҲѾڽ̻дˡ
ʼŲϣīֽĻִһأ༦ɹˡ
Ҳร̵ܽòòˡ
ӣһĬĬ²ۣѧǰ࣬ҲδЩɡ
ӣ˰ΣǴŵӵรã
ӣһ£ʶתͷȥ͡
Ѿ˯ƳˣһСһܰԵĴڴϣͷѾߵ˽ŵס
С˯ú㡣
ӣӵԴ
΢΢˲סӣơ
ཱུСȫ̱졣
ӣӰͷָǺ˱ӣŵط˴ӡ
һһ߲֪ôģȻ뵽һΣθѵЦ¶ݡ
ʱͺúܿģıһɷǱθôһѵ⣬Ĺʾûˡ
˶ηɪ
ӣ뵽ʱСӣ̲ס̾һ
վθĽǶȣӣθ뷨θֻôһΪȷ·
ϾôŮӡ
θĶѾ˶һˡ
Ҫø׵Ļĺע˰ѴԸǿŤøϲ֮⡭

ڳӣ;΢΢˳
һתͷͿͲ֪ʲôʱ۾Ѿ
ŤСӣӣһһ߰ڱȺСȿӣϥϡ
ָϽؾҪǰѺͱȥӣֹסˡ
ӣưѶӱסˣһ߰Сӳϣһֵ˵ȡ
λơ
͸˵üеﱧ
Խϲˣ㴩͸˷ֳüؾԱȰţรôˣǶ˯ʱˡ
ӣֹ̧ס˿ʣµĻֱģȳȥɡ
ֹֻø˸ӣȥˡ
ۿźͻЦֽУӣסӵ죬ȻüͣΪʲôҪѽ
§סӣĲӣСƻһˣﱧңϲˣ
ӣ̲סЦ˳
ŶӵıģǺѸٵػӦ˶ӵ飺ҲϲźͣϲŶ
õ϶ĺ͸ˣƴͷСɤӵţ
ӣָ̧СԴĸѭѭգöﱧҲ˵߶һҪС
仰úЩˡ
ӣϥϣ۾ƺŬ˺ü顣
ܻ̫СˡӣôţеڸղŶŶ˵Ļ̫ࡣ
ϾͣҪǷִ׶԰ûء
СѵĽ޵ġ
ȻͽžˣΪʲô
ӣ룬һһĽͣΪеĻ͵ɤӻʹʹĶҲʹʹ
һȻı顣
Ȼ̧Լĺ˼һ֮󣬺̧һԼĶ䣬һߺؿŶ
ϵС̱Ҳ˵һһϲϲ꣬Ҫʹ

ڶϣĸԱߣڸƵϣš
ȻָԶһϺһ߲͵صҪǸ
һɴݡ
⻰ǷԸС̫ġ
С̫˹ӣһԱߣźȻӦͽȻûмɤӣ󺰴С
СİĻˡ
ʶһ㣬ӣϺںǰӿһ˵ĸд
͵ʹۣܵĽëСͶһƬӰ
ӣԼԷġ
ͺԼ˰Ϻ̧֮Сȥָϵĸ㡣
һԸūţҲƽȻڲȥСÿȴ˵
ӣһһѸ˺ˣŷǰС
û죬İҲ˺͵ĸı䡣
ȻҲÿúǿģȴôǰͼɤӴ󺰴ˡ
İǸˣŵʱ򣬵ź͵棬Ͷӣ͵һ쿴ų˵Щģˡ
һ˵һ߾νؿŶӡ
֮⣺طGĶӡ
ȻСҲӰпڿԼӴ
Աһ֣߳һ߾ͳİЦ۾гһ죬
ӣҲЦ
һЦһ߰ԼĽ鼦İһӣҶԺ˵ˣҪôСĶͻۡ


220 Ѽɹ

İ¾סˡ
ͣڰգӣȻЦŵô
ӣһ߲Լһֻɿ󸣣һ߲ŵɲǣǰ˵˶ٴΣУСܲһ˵ۣˡ
˶٣΢΢üô㡪ģҪүĴˣ
İɫ糣ȴ̲סز˲
Ȼһ֣ͰѺ͸Լϥˡ
ŤֺСӣİ绳뵽Լ˵ĻԼʲô뷨ֱӱ
§סİĲӣסİһСڿػƣһ߾͵꣬빷
˫ֱȻİ翴ԭģ
ӣԱߣ϶΢΢һ١֪˵С⽡
ǰСڵʱ򣬺ͻСԲ֪С⽵ֻ֣ڡؽš
˵ˣӣԼʵҲѾСˡ
Сīһ𣬶үǰԺ鷿
Ϊİӣö࣬ĸѵǰԺ鷿ȥԼѾܾûСˡ
İҲһ¡
ǵ֮ǰΪС⽵ȳȣŵº͸ں棬ѧѧ˸ȳӡ
ü̫ҽûʲô⡣
Ϳ顪ƺǲ⣬ʱЩżˡ
һż;ʶǰһ󺰴У˶Ļ
סСȭͷͰ͵ؿطGûмУֻǷĵ꣬빷
İһͷŻ޳Сޣһϸ׵Ͷˡ
ֻܵ˵ͷ

ڶһ磬İŵԵأǰŸոճ˸žͷԸˡȮС̫Сȥร
ͱС˯һǰֻˣһֱʹӴˣСȾǰܣһһߺţ
һȺūڱæַš
ӣ¶ˤˣҲϽ˳ȥ
С⽻ص˾ɵأǼԭػشתȻһתͷͺӣˡ
Сӣ˺СϤζ˲ص˹ȥܰ¡
ʺĺͲʺ̣
СһӶ֪˭Ļˣ
ȻûӦѾС֣һѰסСĹëҺ㣡
סС⽣С⽾ٸ߸ߣԭתȦȦ
ӣԱߣҲ뱧С⽵ģǿôϲվס˽Ų
С⽼ĲУﷺỨȵͣһƨС˵ϣСȥͷְԴںͻֲȥ
һһأȻС⽾;ƨ͵شһʹ
Ȼһ¡

ô£
͵һתͷͿֻѼڵ˹ʾһų򣬴вߣĲݵļơ
ӣԱߣҲһȻѸ׹ˣЩѼС⽡
ΪСڹСء
Ѽˡ
С˵צϾѲڣοЩѼӱιı彡һչҲơ
˻ûüӦС⽾ͱѼӱƵˮ
ȻһȻֱˤ˳
໣(x;)
ӣһӾɤۣų˹ȥͺС⽣
ÿӾġ
ҹˮеĹǵˮŶܱŵð
СӶ˵ѥһ˦˳
ҿСˮǳˣС⽻Ǻ˺öˮ
ԱߵļС̫࣬Ͻ׽Ѽӡ
һʱԺѼɹֱһ̨ϲ磬ò֡
ʿŸ˳Ϳ̫Сһ߳Ѽӵĳһ߾ͱѼֱ۵໽С
ʿҡҡͷȥַѼӵĲ²
ȻѼȫؽ
С⽻Ĺëʪˣܵ˾ţӣڻɪɪ
ӣ㱾;úص˳С⽵һ졣
žͿӣ
ĸ˽öƼС⽻ˣҲ൱ģʹˮ
Сϴ֮ӣԼϥϣòˮְסԴģʾȱˮ
С⽺һû
ȵ߰˳ɸɣӣС⽱żǰһƬ£СѸٵ˦˦Դѻˮˡ
ԱߣΧӣǰǰĴתССǴĽǣ°ɣ
ӣ֣һ߸С⽰Ѷˮɣһ߿Цõذοӵ̵ļʱûû£
ԺѼӺȻ¸¸µĽгһƬ


221 һ

СŵòУתͷӣ
ֱ˳ʱֻʪС
ӣİСԼȻСצӾͲסο²£ѼӶˣ

ʿббڳԣһģıӣ۾棬΢΢Цһ¡
ýʿЦݣһ£߹ʱʵЦʲô
ʿͷеĲ׷һԣŵ룺Ǹ±ѼѼ
Ȼֱ۵߰˱ѼӦҲǲġ

ϻظʱİȻĶ࣬Ȼӣĸӡ
Ѱ츺͹ȥȮС̫һʣȻ˵รԺѼս
С̫ҲŪͷµֻ˵һֻѼӶ񼫴ĳѼӣΪǶģūҲôҲûϵȻѹƽ˳ร۵úܡ
ʢһ䣬ͺݺݵС̫һۡ
ҪˣҪ
ֱӰ˸ȥˡ
İ˵ЦԷǣ̧°ͣԼЦ˺ü¡
ֱˡôǶôЦأ
ЦЦ»һ¡İôţͶ̯鱾
ʢĶȥأ
ãôһƣһƳĲ֮ҹ
̾һȥ

ӣԺĸڵԶ
͵ͷһֱСϵƤë˺۲档
ӣıϸ
Ȼ;̧ͷӣСӣ
һ˵һ߾ʾӣ
ӣˡʾСʱס
˼øѼӶף˺С⽡
Сӡ
ǺǡӣŻ΢΢С⽣ʵ˵ԿѼˣ
(n)
ΪʼθѧǰԵʣƵʱûдǰôˡ
֪Ѽս£ѾԺˡ
ͻɫظ
һڽ䣬С⽵Դںϣβȴڴɨɨȥ
͸Сϵ˸ɫСβϡ
Сʱ˵һ˵ܶ೤ӵ䡣
˴֮䣬ͨȴȫ˳ϰ
˵Ѽս֮󣬴ǺһᣬȻѹҺͶɣ
̾ҡͷˣʧ죬Ҫȥ
΢΢Щ󣺡Ϊʲô
Ҳ˵ˣףһǿŴҲϲ⹷
ӣںӸ⻰ͲǺ˳
СӦͦǿ
ϵʱİӣСԺӣͿȻһŴѼӱͰСһԣ¸¸µĽš
ò롣
Ȼ˽ˣѼǶʱȫͣס˽쳤˲š
İ类һѼĿŽݡ
İϲģѼȴȫ޸飬ϱйѺѼӳѬһ£ݾͶӣɴȫȥŷ
ȻһͷͿССĺһߣһ뽪֭˫Ƥ̣һ𾪵̧ͷ
İѼӶǶġ
һ
ӣһӵСԴһЦվ˻⣺үҺͺͶˣǾŰɣ
İ˵ͷ
ϵǴлͲࡣ
˺ʹжǲ԰ֵģոֱ˹
üģʡ
бͷŵĺ٣ʱҪϵķ棬
Ϊÿڸиӣڱһ֥ʿȻе
İһ߳ţһ߾Ͷӣ佱ֵԽԽˡ
ӣЦŵүʢյӺá
һ˵һ߿öһůůһʣɣ
ӣ֣Ըİʢһ룬͵ǰ
Աߣ۰Ͱ͵ĿţȻͺò˵ҲҪ
ӣЦеĶСӻܳŶ
һʧʲôʱܳ󣿡
ӣתͷؿúóԷú˯ͿԳøˡ
סӣЩˡ
̧ͷ˿İ纬Ц飬ȻԱߺص˵ͷţ
һʲﶼǸֺʣСײ˺Ͷźţůȵ
һ̽š
ѾʮˣԽﶬԽҪ⡣
£ֲ
̳ۣպŽΣİԵıƽʱࡣ
ţһӸ⡣
Ǻͺӣϲĵġ


222 ؾ

İ絹ûӵ壬ǸղŵĽʵڳԶˡ
һ¾ͳˡ
ùţˮ̲ӣİֱҡ֣֪ǳˡ
ͳȥˡ
ʱ̫䣬ٹһӾҲˡӣİס֣Ծ͵
İͷʾͬȻ뵽˹һӵѲң
գʰѾڳ֮ϱʾȷ˵ǽʮһ£ҪȥѲҡ
ӣ˵ˣӣסˣȻӦָ֮һ£Ҳֻвµʱ׼ˡ
ˡűӺİ
İͣ˽ŲתؿȻͰֽ˽˵㿪Ц˼۾ȴ֣أᶳǵġ
ӣһ¾ۣҺͺҲȥ𣿡
İ˵ͷ
ӣʶľ߬ӣģ
İֵ˵ͷ
һμȻǡѲҡͺͨġѲЩͬˡ
ѲӲط˼ձȽࣻѲҡѲμҵ˼
һȫȥģҲ˼
ԻʰҾ죬ȻҲ̫ϿĹء
Ҳ˵һγԶˡ

ڶǸ밲ӣԺǾһá
İҪѲҶһ˵ɫոǿ϶ҪڱոģʣµรҪչˣθҲŮҪˡ
̵ŮӣȻǴʣµѡˡ
棬ۿ˵ɫͽµ߷֡
΢΢͸һ˿Ц⣬ȻѡรҪ̡˵һ顣
һ¶һ߸ͺмɵת˽ǶȡȥоӣƤգҪİ磬ȥһ㡣
ԱţӣЩɫˡ
Ȼ֪ôµġŸ㽫ڣЩ߷߲ƽ
ͷԼӣͿӣһĵͷλϡ
úܡ

ԼԺһ߹ڵϣźӣﴩ廨Ь
뵽Ǳ˵ĻﻹЩΪӣԹรôһ¶˵žǡ
ޡ
ӣױ̨ǰ£һ߶žȡԼĶ׹һںصүҪҺͺȥȻʹ졣ҼȻѾıˣܲø϶˵䡣˵ңҲ㷢йЩδһ¡
һ˵ţһ߾͹Ƿ죺ˣĲУ̴Ҫ˯
Ӧžתͷȥ̴ˡ
̺ô֮ӣȥˡ
ȵһ˶ûˣӣŴ¹һؿռרС˳
״ϣԱϵڴ
˯Ĵ֮ϣӣֻƤԽԽء
֪˶ãģģķ·𿴼ĺɰַҫ۵⡣

ӦǰĹ֮ӣ۾
һεĴǸصĳտռ
վ֮ӣһȥһԱϵŵڴ
ӷҿڴڣ
һֻڴͿʼѻϵĵƿڴװ
װɿʱӣصض˺üޡ
ĺ«رϲ
ֻܿڴͿװˣƾӣôϣʡռ䣬ֻڴҲѾװڵĵط
ո׼ϵףһνռʱ򡪡һװһ
ӣ˲궼ûˡ
һתͷͿ;Ȼ
ͣôģĸأӣֻһû
ԭȥ
ס˺ССļȰѶϸϸ鿴һ顣
̧۾С϶ǻϲصС⣺Ҷѽϣڶﻳ
ԭǱ˯ѵԼڻһ𱻴
͸ո˵仰ӣһ
СΪԼǻˡ
һֻСͷӺ͵ı̽˳
͵һСȻЩΣûͷְСӲ˻ȥͰ͵ظӣͣңйһϴ
һ˵һߺȻһţ԰С⽴ӱק˹̧СצӸӣܸɾģСӸոոϴġ
С⽵üۣô̧ͷӣء

ӿռ˳ʱӣۣͿſڴϣɴ۾Լ
С⽱§ڻСצӲҶ
һͷҺãǰֻڣĸɫζƷҲڡ
ͳ˳ӣӣһƲסĺ棬ȲղǸСӡ
ӣסͷصղšֻ˸Ρ
룬ֱ壬֣µذס͵ļ򣬶ԶӵͶ֮Сܣ𣿡
תת飬һص˵ͷ


223 

ʮʮڸոչȥʢˣӣԺֻӡ
ԭİûͨ巿׼รѲҪõѡ
ӣͿһͬڻӵոܴɫɫƫҵԵø
ͶһЩʯɫɫĲรˡﶼޣںҲźƤݣƤݵıԵ׺ϸϸա
Ƥ֮ģǼݻ
ӣָһɫӣͼģźԼһ¡
ƤݾƤݣһͺ˸ůڽ¡
ʱͻůġ
ٶžػؿ˼ȦľȻе㷢ˡ
вУϽˣ̫ˣӣһҡ֣һʾϽԼƤˡ
Цһ߰ãŽ䣬һ߾͵รū˵ʱͬھǣѾˣٵףֻ´磬Ҳδܵס
ӣͷͼ߶ñǽ졢ɫѻһɫͳͳǽлƤߣҲƤ鴩ӣ״׺ϣΪ
žӴһֻգȻŷñ˸ĶһСƬطǿסġ
ϴһ¡Ȼе㺩Ͳˡ
һԣһһܿ죬Сʱ͹ȥˡ
ӣĴѾһѽޣϼһ㣬ҫۡ
Ȼ˴˵ѣҲи׼СѡСñӡСЬӡ
⣬ҪճƷҲУ۲ӣۺСӣ״衢໨˰¯ӣͼֳ־ӡ
ӦоС
Աߣͺöһһһϡ
ӣǸÿһϲѡ˼ġ
Щÿľƽʱˡ
˶ڼҾƷʵЩǿ֢ƩһռɫҪͳһʽҲҪЭ
ӣͼ۷۵ġ
ͺܺÿ
·ϾʹЩɡһһ߷Ը
ģһæö֡
ۿѾӣѣ˰Ѷӱ˹
ȸһԱůСƤѥ
ѥӵУǺƤǴ濴һѩѥ
ʽѩѥ٣ѥͲĵطһյĻȡ
ĸͷڴϣźƤѥ
ۿźСֽһ׽СƤѥӣԱ߾̧ͷů𣿡
ͻӻС֣ʾ⡣
ӣǷˡ
Ĺģʱǰѩѥ˳
İǰӣͰѻõѩѥͼøİ硣
İϣȥһܽ᣺ƤѥӼë
֮ǺڵƤѥûʲô
ӣں油䣺ƤëҪһ塣
һ˵һ߱Ȼİ翴൱һëôѽ棬㣬·Ҳ졣
İ⻰̧ͷӣЦѲ㻹ΪҪȥ
ӣЦˡ
İ§Լȵİͷһ
Ȼİͷ֣Ȼڽź״Ľᡣ
׻ҡҡͷһ̫СЩ

ڶ磬İ뵽¶̾˿ʢ߷˽ְͼֽøǣʽ˫ϸһЩ
˹ţͼֽһֻۣпࡪעû
ôëڽϣܲ޶ӾͲˣ
ȻรͼֽѩѥƷźǱء
ΪڸⱿأֻصûýУɴӣɫ׺ڽź΢е磬
͵ӣСԺʱЬϻһ򿪣ӣһۣ͸˻ˡᷢӵñͼϻÿ
ƮƮ÷磡
ȻԴһ¡ḛ̈Ľš
ͺƶһ
һˣЬӶûѣͻ߷˺
ǧл˺߷ӻЩ磬һ߾һȥǰʢչүˡ˵ҪϸЩ⡭
ʢôͿรôϲˣү˵ʲô
ȥȻİһ˵ӣϲѥӣбʼ΢΢һ١
Ͽûʲôȴ͸һЦ⡣
û죬͵СѩѥҲˣӣϸϸһ飬ȷûͷŸӴϡ
Сѩѥĺͣ̾Ͳˡ
СܣܵͷǺЬ


224 

ӣ²̫׼ֳٳδ
ոů裬
һ۵ĹԲ裬һůŶӣһ߿ŶػصܣŶͷЦõ㲻𣿡
ͣһź˵Сܹסӣ
ӣһ߸һ߾ͰҪŵ˵һ顣
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˵꣬ʶȥԶĵطҲϽˡ
ѹͲ֪
ȻӣһС𣿡
ӣһҲˡ
Сҡβ;˽سźֱС
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ӣסˣһ£˼Ƭ̣ҡҡͷ²С
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ӣЦָС⽵˵ء˵СҲϣһȥ
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ص˵ͷȻС֣߬סİ֣סҡΣۿ󣺡꣡
ӣԱæ͵үһαϾѲҡ
İֱתͷźͣǰСӣҲܴϣһ·ϻܣͣ㻹Ҫ𣿡
۾ͷ˿С⽣ԥ˰Σҡҡͷ
ֻСֽǰϳˡ
˵ˣеˡ
Ȼ⵭һֱ֮
İ籧źͣԼϻź᲻õһֱͷŻС⽡
һһС⽱ϵëָ˳˺üĵطæòֺ
ཱུϺ˵ģӲ濴ȥĽëһһʮ档
ţҪӰϻȥˡ
İ˳ƾͼŶӵҸѣѺᣬȻһֻ첲Ա߻ס
ŶôϲС⽣İ籾ȥ֮ǰ͸ðСͻǰԺ鷿ʱȴЩˡ

һЩʱ򣬺˵Զţˮӣ׼ָ
ʿæӣҡҡֹˡ
ţ̺ˮֱӣζȴܲŴĺϺ桢轡ţ飬Ӫֽ
ӣţȻ͸оθЩܣЩ¡
ΪԼųԶˣˣǷԸʿԼһˮ
ԼԱ߳Ϣһ¡
öʿŲรɫ̫ãЩģȰȥϢñѬˡ
ӣҡҡͷطԸʿúġ֮ö˽ȥٸһȹ֭
ʿæӦˡ
֭ûǡ
ȺĹ֭ӣžθһ㡣
ʱҲö˵รϽʹˡ
ӣ̧ͷˮ𣿡
æͷϲؾ͵รģѾȹˣү鷿ְֵؽŶдأ
ӣ˾ͷˣöû˵ⲻ°ɣ
öҡҡͷรû˵ūŲš
ӣ⻰̧ͷһö΢΢ЦˣöҲˡ
öˡ
Ŵɫ˪ӣһӣվһȥ
ľˣһվ;ǰ۽ת
ת
ӣΪƬ̾ͺã˭֪ѣȴԽԽء
Ƚһ˻ûӦأӾͳһ׹
ΧŮǵľ

ʱӣۣŷԼѾڴˡ
ĽУĵѬ㡭һжϤ
Լ
ӣ΢΢ԱɨһۣͿͱĸ֣վڲԶһС۾һ߿أ
öͿһһҵĶԱ߲סغš
ڸӣҴβıӣ˷ûע⵽ӣѾѹˡ
һ磬ӣӰӰ´µؾͿһ̫ҽģ˹ڵϣͷڵϣصԲˣүſģϲүϲร
İڴβ̫ҽ˵һŤͷӣˣҡ
һӾվˣһǰסӣļһ߶̫ҽٵˣ̫ҽƣ
̫ҽһڣһ߸Ͻ


225 2

֮ӣָ̧סԼĶͷ˸ղε飬뵽̫ҽ˵Ǿ䡰ϲү
иģģĲ²⡣
Ȼİס֣ҴҴӽǣɫǼѹֵĿϲ
һ˲ųӣҪкˣ
ӣ˲۾
ʶڱԼĶӡֲһó٣
ѹͲó٣ǻˡ
Ϳˣʱĸ֣ܵͷСֽ§סӣĲӣǳǵصˣͺܵģ
ӣӱ֣סӵС֣߬󣺡û£Ͳ¡
ʹӣ֣Сſڱϣֻֽ§סӣĲӣȻ߿
ӣ챻ôˡ
İͱ
ͱȭߵıʾҪһͷԼӣǰİԼβˡ
İڴͷӣĶͷڿɻﲻ£ᣬϸ̫ҽ˵һ˵
̫ҽ͸ŸϽǣǣร˵޷
ӣ΢΢ۣӣƬ̣ۺصеԶٶԲ֡
θǸ޵׶
⻰һնʱ
öվԱߣ˶һۣǶ
öëϻһۡǸղ̫ӣ̲ס˳
̧֣ӵߣͿٵذˡ
ʢ̫ҽ֮İӣͷ
΢΢һͷ°;õͷ
ӣű죬ůģȴ̲סİ绳˴ա
һֱ굽
İᰴס͵΢ЦŵҶ
ӣú΢΢ۣСصҶûע⣬û뵽ڶӾˡ
İ§ŻһţͷƬ̣ͷϺݺһڣע⵽ʲôͿûүô죿
ӣ־ͽرסİ΢΢ۣ˳Ļͷ͵ǰûүҺͺͿ治֪ô죡
ڴβȻȫⰢͶｻ̸ݣȴԼ֡
žͷѧͣ治֪ô죡
İӣĿɿڴȻЦ
İ־ʾ͹
͵СȣشӴ˹İ籧ϣס˶֡
İͣҪеܵˣ߲ˣ
һ۾ˡ
Ŵİԭת˼Ȧ֮󣬶СϲЦտˣܵ
ӣû˵ź͵С֣ԼϣĵصҪһʱ䣬ܵòܳͺͼŶ
ͺصͷ죬СӣһһֵҲżܵȣ
İתͷҹɫī㺰ĸѺ͸ȥ˯ˡ
Ļǽ
ڣӰӳ໥һӰ
İһһظӣͷŵԺӣūŶȻǲ˵ģҪЩźáĸˮ衢ЩҪ׼ϡ
˵˶٣̾һ⺢Ȼϲ£ȴҲɡҪѲĸӵģȴˡ
ӣ͵οүҵǺ¡·һ·Ͷ٣˲ãסҺͺ;ڸúţүʡġ
˵ţŮǾͽõҩ˽

ڶһ磬ӣû𴲣;Ѿ룬С˽
һһſڴϡ
ﵹҲðСӺȥֻƣʾͰŪ̫Ķ˲รϢ
ӣ֮жһۣͿ޷Ŵǰ
ԱһֻСͷ
ӣ۾Цӣ
ЦڶϾһڣȻŵˣѣ
һ˵һָԼߣֳ˹ѣһͷ͵
ӣһ¾ˣؿŶӡ
һ֣§סС⽣ƨϴһ£ŵ뱧ãûţСƾͰҳˣ
ӣԭǶӵһΰ

ûһӣʢˮ衢ĸȸรˡ
⻹ִ˼ūţʹ
Ϊ̵֪ıոóรūŶǸȥһ·ü۽Ƕ͸ϲ
ʢһ·ŽรԺӣòվż⣬˾ͼһװ󸾣Ǻƣһⱦۡ
Ա߻վŸ̺Сӡ
รͶ밲ʢԱߴߴٵ
ūγѡ


226 Ů

ӣ֮ϸϸʹĸˮ˵ÿִȥʰ¡
ʣһС̫ࡣ
ӣ˵̫ͲˡԺС̫Ѿͦˡ
СģкСӡСӡ
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Ѿĸˡ
⻹һİصظµСӡ
ʢͽ˵С̫үǰԺСĳӣүص˹ڲรʿ֣ҲźźรĿζ
ϾӹˣҲ³ˡ
ӣһǰԺСˣүָ˹ģ֪ǿɿصģˡ
ʢ֮ӣ˸СС̫ࡣ
С̫࿪ʼãรԼʲô֣ǹ͵รĻūżСӣ
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ۡ
Ȼһʣ֪ǿĽ
İҲоֺͷ˼ɡ
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СӣԭǰԺ鷿СģԺ͸һ𡣡ӣָָСӣʿԸ
ʿϽӦˣתͷСȥ
ȵСӰһźãʿͽ䡣
СӱǰԺ鷿СĹܱȣһԱ߼Ĵӣͱһ¡
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รһֺóգǰ鷿Ҳ֪ġ
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ʵѾ˺ܶˡ
һȥӣζͿᵹˡ
ʿؾ͵ūȥЩס
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Ѳɣรһ̥һλС
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ܿ죬۾ͱˡ
ӣֽ˹ԼֱʱƮһѪꡣ
ʿԱߣǺֱԣƴסˡ
ȻһūžͿรȲһɵҨǺͮͮ
ֱӡȥˡ

ʱİһӹӣԺӿˡ
ɺһֱ˵Ҫ棬ǴҲθͺһŸС⽶ᡣ
Сһ޿
һһ߾ʺͣղ˵ĸֽСʲô
һ£־ڶϵ˵ˡͺ޿壡
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˵ţūǹһأү顣
ˣ
ͻһС⽵Ķ䣬Сܳȥˡ
Сظءһ͵ͷСצצͣĨŶϵĺᡣ
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ӣվźѩѥ׷ںͺ棺϶磡ˤˣ
ĸﻹõ˵׷˺ͳȥ
ӣ·źϵķɫɴҲƮ


227 С

İһ·Ź顪ϰϽĺܣǻʰ԰Ѽֵɽ󶼸˵ϰ࣬¾ɵúܡ
˰統ʱɫɺתףɰת졣
󰢸ԱߣͷͿ
ʮҲЦİһ۸ɵӲȥˡ
Ȼ󣬽˳ʱŹȻ˵İүҪһİ޳ˣմϹ𽴺彴ϴƤرóԡ
İ統ʱָ߬
뵽ŵǵĲ㡣
ȻͿСȣѾżλƵ˳ֻСֶ󺰣꣡ҿ
ȻȻֻСһſСֱۡô׼̨ϱ
İһ˲䣬ľᵽɤۣһ𣡡
Ҫǰסɵӡ
Ѿˡ
ӣںҲǾһۿź;Ҫһļ̨ףб͵سһӰббؾ˵ںǰ
Сþ˵Сӻ
Сƺһó˺͵档
һСʵûжģСӸղôһˤþ˸첲һƤ
Ȼɰʯôһĥ䣬˿ò
۵Сһ¡
İһǰͰѺͱϸϸ¿һ顣
ûš
˿ûʶղŵΣգסİĲӣȻָ̧ͷϱ˸״Ųӿ˿ЦֱСȣصް꣡
İ̧־ͺݺݴƨɼ¡
ӣʱѾŹˣδһŶӣһ־ס˺͵С֣ͣΪʲôղŲú·Ҫֱѽ
һ˵һָָӣŬԼŵӣΣգöܵģԺҪ
ʹۣͷ˿̨ף˺ðΣƺԼҲеˡ
˵ͷСལС̫밢ˡ
⻰һ˵İ˲Ͳˡ
һֽסͣѶһߣһסӣ֣ߣһһ߾ҸصҲǣ
£İ˼ڲ裬ְѺͱ˺һһתͷŷִվһߣߵڡ
ꡣ
񿴼˸׵Ŀ⣬֪Լٶܣֻǰ
İ绳Сȣһ֣߳һ߾ͶŴЦŵƣƣ
Ŀ΢΢İ籧ס͵ֱֻϣĬĬصʹ۾
İ翴Щֱ̧̣Լһֻȣ
Ϊ˱ָ׵ĴȰŴЦЦ
ǴȴЦŵЩңʶһײ˴Ÿöϡ
öŵæϥˡ
İϵЦؾ͵ˣͷĬĬغһڲ衣
ʱθԺŮҲӴˣڰϣ᲻õسŴֱҡ첲ߣƣ
죬İȥţ˵ʱİҡҡͷ͵ܺһⱻСЩ
ҲǸ֦Ҷء
ʵҲֻڱԹһ䡣
˵⣬ġ
ڶĸ⻰һĶʱ
İ粻Ե޹˵仰Ȼô˵ˣǱҪˡ
ô
ѲҪѴ񽻵Լϥţ
ʶ뷨֮϶ʱĶ
Ҳã˵ǸŮҲиܳлϥˡ
ȹ¼ҹǿ̫࣡
ֻѾˣθĸҲˡ
ܱ֮ǲŽһء
ôţͲźظİʢһִһЩڴڣүЩȣЩ
İϲһ˵һڣһŨŨġζ
ӣ΢΢˻֣˼ø졣
Ȼһ룬İ絭ؾ͵ӣӵǲ̳ĺӿɰֶء
ֻú¡һףͷ
ʲô
ȻҪѴٽ
ѾһСֻͣһȻİ绹Ҫ˼θŮ߸
;ƨµĵӷ·лһ
˶סˡ
үո뿪ڣͼİҧһģһĵһϽһ߲ŵ϶߶߶Ҳѧѧ̺Ӳźá
һЩȻʧĲģ룬ϸϸЦŵ˵ӽС΢һЩȴǼչ˵ġ
İһǣ̧ۿһ۸޵⻰˵ˡǸعصģҲϸģȷʵ


228 ǻ

⻰˵ĿɽˣţͲһ˿Ѱζ
뵽һİҪѲҶ顣
¼ȻѾУȻǲܸųȥˡ
İᵽϣǡѲȥֱӿӣĸӣ
Ӷһ
ϵܰŻϣ
ȻˣһӾͿɬ˵ˡ
İʲô˼
ǰ˺ˮޣǶ
ү룺Ҳδ̫Сϣ
֮һʱ䣬İ͹ȥĴЩ
СҲɱรԺİֱӣԺӵͷ̫ࡣ
ǸСӣİӣֵʵҲģ㣬ס˵ġ

ʮһµף캮ضڵİѲʱ
ǰһϣİӣˡ
ڵۣһͷܿЩ˯ˡ
Ȼ֮Уİ뵽˰ʰ֮˵һЦ
˵˯ֻ֣һˣͨ͸ûĽᣬԸԸܡ
һ־Ǳ۵ðˡ
ġ
İôţںڰسһȻ͸оԱͷе⡣
һתͷŴ¹⣬Ϳӣȫˮԡ
ôˣİһ֣ȥ
ӣһתͷ㿪İӲǰסˡ
ݷ˵ӣͱһơ

ӣŵģڡİѾ֪Լˡ
һƲԿ޳
İûһһ־Ͱ˻СƵģĴĺģ޲ޡ
һߺţһ߾;ӣǺˡ
ϾһߵԶһҪʱƸࡣ
û׼Ҫ꣬һҲпܵġ
뵽ӰӣһЩ˼룬ʱƽƽһζȻȫ
˵ˣİǾ˵ֵôģүôˡҲģиҽ̫ҽ
ʵСУ˰
ʲôǳҲзӻӣĸȫȫġ
ֻЩȴܶӣ͸¶ˡ
İһ˵һ߾ȥӣƽʱڴͷ
˸ա
ӣʱȴˣ·֪İʲôһ㡣
һ߳һ߾ʹӱ˳ءأ
İͿ߬һӡ
ǲ˿ģͱݵļ͸Ͱ͵߬һţ˺Сһ顣
֪޵öģ
İһӾҧ
һҧһ߷ϵٶȣһһظӣĺס
ȵӣֹס˿İͷԼĶͷһؿӣں£𣿡
ӣǵͷ
Ȼҡҡͷ
İְ̧ȥӣﻰү
ӣ̧ͷһ˲Ȼһ֣סİһŵ᲻ү
⻰һ˵·һբţʱͱйĺˮүҪôãһǳүģʱô죿أ
˵һߺݴᣬһ߽Žžڱǳǵص˼¡
мŻ·Ҽ䲻ߵİϡ
⻰⶯൱
ʵеڵţһڼңۿ˵Ҫ龰
İǻεǱûһᡣ
Ȼ۾
ȴһƬ̵ġ
١ѹ֮ôĹһֱһ˹µġ
ϲŭڳıա
һ·ĳɳҲԽԽԽԽ䡣
ӣ֮ǰʮ磬İʵԼǺ˳ġ
ǿŶȴϣжġ
κˣҲԸ˹ѰԮܵı֡
ôϲСĳ̶ֳϣҲΪ壬֪
ڰУİ绺ȻûūţԼ˵ƻ
һѣڴ鷿ĵطһҳһɫֽţȻߵߡ
ӣͿİĵһһ
һһ߳үдţСӾͳɡȥ·;Щֽд꣬үͻˡ
ӣವһ¾ˣӹİеֽ֣µķ˴ͷߡ
İ˵֮󣬶˶٣ӣͷⶺһҲС
ӣ۾ڱİ磺һдֵģ
İȻʧЦͷĶͷԣ˯ɡ


229 ֮

˴γѲҪҹ͵ϽȺġ
ʱոչӣԼһֻӣŸһȥǰԺİ硣
ƺƵĳ͵ˣ֮ҲѾ綼׵ϼžһ㣬Ĭڽࡣ
ܡ
İ˳˰ĸϽůԱŮһͷϥȥү
İ̧˸ƣؾˡ
֮ǰȥͶȻذİ죬һóոƣүһ·ϺúñأСġ
ûеõӦ
ϵЦݽ˽Ƭ֮Сصү
İĿضԶһ˲̧ͷ˿յīɫ
Żع̧ۣȺԶԶĿҵӣص˵ͷ
ӣչüۣЦЦûЦ÷̫ӵ
⣬ĺ«ԽԽˡ
ΪҪһ·Աߵԭĺ«촩һװխԽĵĸ־
ȻҲֻǸ꣬촽ͦīü罣Ѿܿδĵ֮
ӣԶԶؿţ뵽ʷ϶Ӻ۵һЩۡ˵ĺбѪ˵Ͽɣر
΢΢ָ߬

ɫδڡ
İ緭źƺƵתͷϽǷȥ

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ϴԷ
˵ѾˣԱһһֱֻŵСش
ˡ
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밢꣡
΢΢һƲƺҪ޵ӡ
ԱߣϽ׼ŸͲᡣ
һʱżˣѿڶ磬ккôܿأ
ӣڵͷ࣬⻰ͷ˿ӵ֡
ֿһรȻɫˣҲЩ㷲Ͻ͹ˣรūڡ
ӣͷصֻԺҪٶԶ˵ƵĻҲ˵𣿡
͵׹һ£ֻŵһͨ͹ˣūԽūźͿˣรˡ
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Ҳūš
̧֣ҪԼƣȴ뵽ԼϾҲ˶ˣĴƼˣɾҲ̧ͷˡ
ӣһ̧֣ˡ
ְѿַˣҲźͻˣʮ۰磬ŻˣֵľľεΣҶǿġɡ
̧ͷӣʱȦͺˡ

ȵֳȥˣӣ߹ȥͶסӣʵ𣿡
ƴᣬҡͷܿޣ¸ңʹˡ
ӣ룬ס˶ӵС֣ûд¸ԣ޹ء
ˣδ¸ҡ
գգ۾ӣ۾Щˡ
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˵ͷ
ӣҲŵ˵ͷ̾һҲأ
̧֣ź͵ĺףô㣬ԶţȻꡣТģҲǸ飬޵ĻͿ޳ⲻǴ
úһЩ㡣
һ˵ţһס˶һֻС̧֣ͷϿҵŶӣ޻򲻿ޣﶼܰ㣡
۾վԭؿӣһȻӣûٿޣֱ̧Ĳ˲۾⡣
ͦСţֵĸ첲СӺ§סӣļͷԴһ𣺡ҲˣﲻҪ£ͱ㣡
ϾǺӣˣ˼죬ͽؾעٷڰԶϡ
θҲŴˡ
ӣͲһ򰲾θǱñȴǰࡣ
ǵŮҩʱθȻ˵Ҫҩ
˵Ǹӣǲรб𣻵ϾǸ˶ˣ˴ġ
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ӣʱֲʧò΢Цˣ˵ɲأ
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ӣһƬڣҲûš
ӣҩ֮Ҳûţϸϸ˵иҪע飺ҲΪǵڶ̥ڴ⣬õĵģҪЩźá
ӣͰٷְȷˣİ֮ǰｻʲôˡ
θȻһֱŬ£Ҳķ


230 һ

򶫱Уһ·ɫ
ʹڳѲڼ䣬ҲԺÿ춼Ҫۼ͵ڸ
ڸȻٻרͳʡ
£һ滤ӪĶһ߻شеۡ
У̫ջ˾
۾̫ġ
һĬĬţһ߾뵽֮ǰһѲҡ
Ҳ߰ǰˡ
һѲң̫ԶھǣȴһŶûиʰ귢
˼УǷһŸ̫ӣоԹһ㡣
ǵõʱԼӱ΢ǵĿǣʰ㷢ôţôһҲظأʰͲдˣ
̫ӲҪ֮£š
˼£صǰ֮£עǰۡ
ֽҳТ󣬼ֱ˸ˡ
ġԻʰ˵Щĵô
ƫͷ΢΢ȥƴ۽ǵ⡣

ХΧӡմǵӪʡ
ʢַŰѲʳ͵İȻٰ·ʣĸˮָūһһ
İ򿪵ͼϸϸǰ·ߡ
ʦӱɽسأԶݡʢ
֮Ҫһ·ϣ˳塢ȵغ󣬵ִＪ֡
ѲҵٶȱҪҲ֮С
Ͼⲻо̡
Ǳ߱Ӳġ
ʵۣλڼ䵽Ѳǳе顪ȻѲң·ϿҪ֮ͣҲǺ顣
Ѹīİʢ
ʢž͸ˣһİеؾ׼ˡ
үòѲ·ϵıīĻǰԺ鷿ļ
İűֽ뵽Ѳ·Ͽ֣һͷֽϲ黭
ʢԱߣʵȰȰİϽȳȳԷ
Ͼ棬ȸ
İרע飬ʢżոǰ˰벽ĬĬ˻

һֱʵصļҷ˴ζѲңҪȥꡣ
ڣ·;ںʱʢ
ɶ峯ķأҲν֮ء
ÿǵĻ˵ǡѲӱ߽Զʤ֪ڿ֮ѡ
ƻʱ֣˷׷ѩʢ⡣
ʢԱӭʥݡ
Ѿ˱һѩĭӣİͣסԶԶظӶȥԱǶһƬס
ûеǣðѩؾȥ˸ꡢֱ꣬·硢İһ𣬴ӦĹԱȥ¼
֮󣬿Ƚʢǡ
ЩʣǱݵ̫ãʢķѩУվ˰죬Щֵסˡ
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͵ôվţ
˶ֱʱ顣
̫ԱߣµľͲͣصӸ磺ү
ȵû
ʢȥİ·ϣͣϢתͷͿİУѩ¡
´İ缸ۣͿİϵѥƺЩ쳣ӷףëߣȱ߶©ˡ
ЬȻܳ󣬵žů͡
ƽţڵѩֻ֪Ҫůʲᶼǿ
Ƥѥãһ˵ţһ߾ʹӺǰİġ
ŶҲร˼İͷһѥӣһƵص
֮İ˵ͷǺȻһ΢ɲĻȡ

ɶԶĵȫɽأ飬ĿԻƵķ֡
ɽϣĿ
ɽ֮УĴܺ޵ĺ
֮Ұ϶еζ
еСʿţ±һ١
ڶ壬һһ˰
ȻǸĻʵۣȴҲ֪ǿҪԡ
ߵ֮Ѫ˴ӻУѡǧװʿжɽ壬һһԡ
Ҳһѵ׵ķʽ
괫ȥûãѡĻǣѾų˶飬չ֮ϣת
ӽͽࡪȻǧͬУж಻ȴһ˿
ϣǰıǻ߹Ȼ翴۱޽ɽ
۵׶ֲסʡ
İȴ֮Уվոţǰ
ʮһҲˣڿԣʱһͷûĸ磬˳ˡ
һʮֱӿ˽ĸڳʲô


231 ҹ

İ̧ͷЦſʮһۣ΢΢һ̧°ͣʾŶλʮܣ
ʮȴûô΢΢յȥſİǰֽϡȻīδɣȴһũͼɫѲ·ϿũһĻĻ
ʮôҲû뵽İ续ȴȻ˰ΣԴһʱȴ˵βŵҵĸʲôأԭȴڳ
˶٣ĸ续ʲôأǶ棬ĸҲϽȥɣһʰǳ򲻼ĸ磬ɲã

ʱմҴңһʱѲҵĴ󲿶ڵɻԡ
ϸټɻˮʦӡ
İڰ֮󣬱ս׷ι˫¥ʮ׳ۡ
ˮ˳ŷˮ˹˶Ʋ
İ̧ۣͿǰƿϼԶˮһɫһĿǧ
۶пǧ¾˱ֽдһסɻŴ衷
İԱߣͼʰߣϽֳɻˮ壬ҹ˻e׽񾫣ӳˮӧ׷ǹ۱
ȵһ£Ա˽ԽͲϣһЦֽʸ˱ɽ֮ϡ
ʮ뵽İһ£΢תͷԼĸһۡ
죬۱Ȼ˳ֱ¾͵ִ֡
ԭǺŮĶǣΪ̫Ĵһλǳڴˣۼݱͣա
ۼڴˣȻԡ
Ա˲Ρ㡢顢ۡӸǹײ
֮У۳˷Ŵ֮⣬˱ͼֽ࣬ųжȣ
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ߵлֹ

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ӣһָӴѣһ߾ϸϸصͣ˵ЩҪϸˡ
һ̧ͷСñӾ»˻סüۡ
ཱུС֣Ŭİņ̧̃Ȼŵ˵

ʱ֣ӣĸֵˣһȺ˺ƺƵ˳ųȹȥ˸ԺͿθѾˡ
θιԵģһתͷӣˣʱϲЦտӭǰ
Ҳ˴
ܹȥſֱ۾ͺһ𣺡ƣ
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ӣûüθѾȥѹסŮļͷԺ
ɨ˵ͣ
ȻؾصθԱߣȴ׻Ǹӣһʹθ񱳺¶˸Դͺ˱ˣ
ߣθӣйˣθֲʧָǰӵรرóԣҲûмɻ䣬ʹ񷽲Ŷ˺ü飬⾰ֻ»ҪȺһร糢һҲá
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ӣ˫ֽˣ㳶˳ӵνæˣЪЪ
θЦЦ
Ҳ
ӣûϵԱߵĸسţ̵̫ˣҲҲס
θǰĲյ˼ڡ
飬ֻ֮ҪһЩʱʱطͷΣƩգһ׼ϦҪʰš
ʱʵѾַˣֻϴš
ΪŮҲֻܳš
θ뵽ӣתͷͿںͺڸձȻơ
òֺ
أƺǾ仰
ֻҪรͶˣȻá
θ΢΢߬ӣֱͦ壬Լʮ־ӵĿ⣬עӣͺͰߵÿһ


232 Ӹ

ֵһรڴŴ󰢸Ͷˡ
һʱû˲٣°ҲԵñԭˡ
ӣһۣ;þ£ʵǸˡ
ʹʧ裬Щ㲣ֻҪŨױĶףһµ
รͬȥһֻ֮Ҫû͵ʲôҲûֱ
θСĵľʹյӣߣЦӺߺһรģǵȥи񡭡
⡰ǡ֣õľͺ΢֮ǣǳϺÿЩ
θรรѹҲûһֻۣǿ̧̧֣ˡ
ϴǱ΢˵ģżҲͻˣÿݣร׵λûǿյġ
ո˼θæȥƨմӱ߾ˡ
߲ãڱŮǴӵųˡ
Ϊİ粻ڸոԵʣźǾӵӡ
ϴҲûǰڹﴩʯɫװ
˶밲
ҲûŽ𣬵ȵߵ֮ϣתæذ˶ɨһ飬ŵɡ
รڵؾվֱӣԱߡ
ʱŽݺһ̧۾ϸϸشӣ
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Sӹȥ͵Sлն
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ССһᣬڱĸŹ
Ȼ׾ȴϾǸɰСޣһʱ֮䣬ϵ鶼˼֡
֮󣬺ԭ˼ӣһѧŸղźS˵ףնһꡭ
˵ͣסˣ̧䣬·֪ô˵ˡ
Ȼͷֿ˿ӣ
ӣβסκ
ĸԱ߾Сʣ⣡⣡
⵽ôˣƽʱͦ
һżһ˵顣
˭֪ͿһۣҧͲ˵
΢΢üͷͿӣ棬öվ߬ýģǰһҲˡ
รЦˣԼӱ⺢ʵ㲻û鰡
ôһ룬źͣҲͲ񷽲ôˡ
ĸ˵顰⡱;͸Ҳ˵顣
Ǻģ⣡⣡
ȭͷģ˾͵ͷˡ
ͿһСཱུģС֣СѥӼڵϻ˻һͷͷȥˡ
棬ͷڲյ


233 ƽС

ԴԽԽ
รԱߣͿӣӸ͸ˡ
СȣĸصϯϣʱλҲǰϿͷ
׼ĺɰһֻʽһװŽǮԪЩС
տڵĵطûС⡣
ϸƣȻ󽫺ɰ߬ýġ
ʹͣصรߣȴںؽɰĸһӣȻȥһߵĸˡ
ĸһûסǺɰһԵĲյ棬Ⱦһա
һĻ۵ףϵͱˡ

Դӻصθ𣬾һֱϧĺɰͷźɰĶչԼСӣϡ
Ȼ󣬴ŰѽǮһһĴӺɰ˳ϸϸ
Ҽһ
θ϶ЩҲס͵ʲôȥٿҲ٣Ͻ
һ˵͵̧ͷһθϾǺˣȻؾ͵ͷʼɰն
һնһ·θһ͵͵صң᲻С⡭
û˵꣬ͱθɷ˵شˣնʹʲôǶ䣬úűǣ
⻰ؿθһ˲ȻսĺɰҲ˵һˡ
ϯһ룬ۿŵոһߣʮ֡
λţȻϱͱһ¡
һתͷͿ͵Դӱ̽˳
üۣŴһЦѹɤӵƣҪҶ
˳ź͵ĶһɨͿ̯ܵС֮Уһö¿ɰĻƽС⣬ڵƻ·ƳγεĹâ
㣡
Ͳɷ˵˴֣ȻֻС˴
ʶĵһӦǲܽӡ
ᱻģ
Ǹո׼ܾͣЩˡСĺÿɰ׹ӣϣ϶档
ǵǰͿรϹСë·ë׵ġ
ͺܺÿ
θתͷҲˣѹɤӣŴǶģôãϽȥ
̧ͷͶθͣƵѽƺϲƿģ
һ˵һ߾֣ܰԵذѴĺɰ˹Ȼɷ˵ذֻƽС˽ȥַŽ˴
ӹ˺ɰͷ˺ܾãȻ̧ͷ۾･ָ˹ʡ
ź;¶һɬЦݡ
͸׼ȥȻʲôƵģһͷαڵ̧־ʹԼཱུߣθ˸
θ˵ˡ
סĲյûֻͣͷɤӵлĺ⣡

һȵСԺѾҹˡ
ͱھϯϹǷ˭֪ԺСһ֮󣬾ˡ
ϴԡ֮С㵸ֲɷӣ˰졣
ĸֶȰסȫȥͲร㱨ˡ
ӣƵõ廨ţĤһĻЦá
ȥһ߰סӼһ߰ﱧ˱ӱطȻŵҹĲ˯ֳҪϰ𣿡
ͱֻϣŤͷ˳ʲôϰ
ӣһ£û˵Ѿ߸˵С־Ҫˡ
ԱߣŵøϽֵӣ֮ǰ統ģ
˯֮ǰźӣһһĽ̾รô㣡


뿪йһȥ
Ϧʱɳ·ƺƶС
ۿҹɫһһȾĻӪ
ӪܣѲ
ڴ֮УһץһֻģһɨϣﲿԺۡ
ӳ֮£۵ӲĹͭ˼ֲɣ֮ɫ
˵ļ¶һİ縺ġ
һ߿ţһ߾ͻŹ˵ǰİйм¶Ҫʡ
ŹӦųȥˡ
Ƕţİ˵ʰУŵĿһӹԱūӲ˲֣󲽵ؾͳȥˡ
ܿ죬ʵһƣ֬˽Ź͵ϣλүˣء
׵ǽ
İ֮񣬿ָǰ۱һ۰ǵĺӹǽֵģ⸺кºһµİʹֺ졭
һ˿ڿˮһţǰˣظʰ꿪ʼˡ
ȵ˵ȥˣİУ̧ͷһۣȻҡͷĺ˲١


234 ͼ

İžЦˡ
Ц˼֮İϸʰһͨȻͰѺüŻ˫ֹسˡ
ŹźԼ֮ۡУ迾üȣùź΢һ߶ǳһճǰغ󱳣òܡ
طGϻһ£ھ͵ʲô
һţһ߾ʾŹ˹
ƻӨȻչֽǰϣһͼ
İ棬ʵرԶӼʰ䵽Ѳңϵرÿζһ£顣ʰҲԶ˵ΪԸʹҸ㣬ҵ
¶˱ЦݣͷһˡѲбѯ伲࣬˷֪֮ѡ
һ˵һվǼͼ
İæһԡ
˼߱߷ŵζѲô˷մӣ¼Ǳһ£ƵũҵΪҪũ󣬹ϵͬСɡ
İں棬˼ͽŵʰ˵ǣԶӲЩͼһѲ·ϣĿðũ֮¼ҲùȰգʹ֮ڸ֡
һת㸧ƵǣǼʰ⼸ĥģҲ¶
̾˿ǰİļЦŻģͻʰ뵽һȥˡ
İҲЦ
һЦһ߬ӡ
ص֮ǰͼưΣȻһЦΪȻ
İ̧ۣͿʰѾԱ߰ĵĵǰһƣӱɽ˱ʣһһͼϿʼʫ
дҲһЩũũʫ䡣
ʣԻӺ
İسһڳ룺Լ¶ˡ

ƽƽع꣬ܿ㵽˶²ݳݺ졣
ʼһһشˡ
ӣĿζԴӻ֮󣬱Խ֮ǰϲӼˮƬˮŶʱ򶼽ʿػϡ
ȻҹҲҪģ
Ʃе⻹ү͵֣ҲǴϽģɫƵһʱ֮Ʈ͵Ĵжκˡ
һȥǺƬ
ʿ֮󣬺ֱֱܴӵؾֱҨ͹ȥ
һ߹ȥһ͸ԱߵСʾ⣺ôףһ٣รӵ
СԱ߶˵ˣִô
һŽ⡪㶹Ŵס춹ɳƶɵģζе㶹ơ
ɿڡ
֮ʿֱӰѵ˸
ۿɼٶȣһȥ
ǱߣҲ˵รʮϢ
˵Ժūȥ˴ŷССı˺öȥ
һ˱ţһͺܳصذĥ˵Ů
һ̥ӦǸѾͷɣ
챣ӣǧ
ҪСͶ϶ոֱŵĵضûˣ

Ǳߣۼ̤˹;
סµʱʢվż
ⶼ¸ոµģŷϻеˮա·Ʈţëϸꡣ
İ˲ţȰǰԺ鷿˼Ÿˡ
ȻĵķֳСŷ⡪һǻ㱨ġ
һรģСֱӸװ÷ˣ͵ǰԺ鷿ȥ
ܲ͵Ժȥͼһ𷢰ɣ
İŵƻ˶ֽͿɫֽϣӣббĴ֡
ĴСƽǰצ󣬺ԽдԽСһš
ֽˡ
İôţǾ΢΢

ӣдҲ޷һЩ͵ճ£ǱԼͶӶ
ǳǳ
ԴȻţİ翴ſţȻ΢΢Щ졣
ȴһ㡣
Ȼ;һķ·𶼱ݵ
İһȻһ̣ͺ̻ȥһǧ֮ĸӡ
İŮ˺ǵĺӡ
ְǡڻ
뵽ͣİǻϸ׵ĴȰȻ̧֣һֽ
Ȼûˡ
ֻʣˡ
İ磺(bb)
ʣŻֽһŻǸޣһСϣȴŤͷŻֱЦɰˡ
һ֪Ǻ͡
İڵƻ֮£̲ס΢Цָ⣬϶ཱུա
ڶֽľ޺һС֣Ա߻һֻС粽ظš
İһǹϷһ񣬾֪С⽡
ӣ⻭Ǵźˣ龰
İشߡ
֪ӣڸϴŴĺܽ
һнġ


235 үع

ӣڿʼ˳Ȼ⴩úܿɵװȻڵסԲԲĶ͡
θţ;һ̥ǸŮ
Ȼôţȴ˵ⱴոͺһСŸѹȷ
Ϊ˰ȫǱҪӣҲͲٴЬˣֻ廨ƽЬ
СΪİ֮ǰģӣд˶
СԺһƬ¾á
ʵĳУİڻˡ
ʵϣؾϢű˹ġ
ֻȡ˴ǰĽѵܾáֻ°ǵ˻ʳǸ£ֻᱻүǲȥЩ¶
δؾͺͬʱǡ
ʵͻشİ粻úܿ죬һֱӲתͷ˻ظ
ﶼûȥ
Ҳһ糾ظ˸
ǰϢС̫Ժһ򣬸վˣҴææһױ֮İѾ˸ſڡ
ʱȥ֪ͨรԸȥſӭӡ
İ۹һɨǸˣô¡
үӺԺһ·ϵüˣضطG
İһһ£üͷ壬ͺֱӵʸأ
ϵЦһӾͱúǿˡ
һһߵѾȥ֪ͨλˣӦϾ͹үȥԺ
⻰˵棬ѾЩ˼ˡϾǵոүһظǲԺȥѿ
İҲ̫˸ӡ
ͷԸʢʰҵĻ漴һȥˡ
ظæϡ
˸İ£˼ڲ裬ֳϥϡ
Ա߿ţֱ̧̧ӵطԸūţȥƲร
⻰˼ÿ˵Ķˡ
ϾүظϢԺһҪġ
ȻûǡรǡรС̫໹ؾȥˡ

һӣˣſײ˴һԶŮร
ӣһݣͿİ棬΢΢üü֮һǳǳ·
ȥ뿪ʱԵøϺˡ
Ҳǿˡ
һİüͷɿˡ
ü˵ֱЦôֱӵضЦ
Ŀ⡣
Ȼһ·ŸôŬţ濴ĺ«ǰˣӣǲԾҲЦ
ЦݲŸոſָ߬סˡ
ӣӶ˶٣ͷҪ밲ֱ۱סˡ
İסɳ͸ƣβϤ᣺ڣϽ£
סӣ֣
İһ˵һ߾ӣȥԱ
ʢԱߣž͹ת
һ·黤ӣȥӣˣһĵʾӱӣøร
һЩ
รֱ˳ʢūţ
һӴССˣİûͣеġ

ϵʱİ鷿һѣȻȥšϾǵոЩøӻҪġ
źˮûһڣӣСԺȥˡ
ϾĺʱڵԺﻨӰŰ㸡İո̤СԺͱԺƵСӿˡ
СӸϽ͹ͷԱߵūŸҲһء
ǲรأİһۣûˡ
ˡ
СӹæүĻรأ
İһü̧°͡
Ҫ˵ӣ˶ſ̽ͷֶۣϲϲͳү
һҳװ²ȵҲƽ׵廨ЬͷһСС黨ţпɰ
첽߹ϥү밲
İûĶȥ֣ˡ
ȻͲһƵۡ
ʵղű䡪ôУ³Ҳ֪ϧԼơ
һǰûϲЦı鲻Ծؾ
͸žʹӣ̽ͷ̧һС֣İŻ꣡꣡
Ψİ翴
߿ˣͱίίͻˣǶղŲȥ밢ꡣ
İǰһѾͰѺ͸ˡ
ͽ§סĲӲţ˺һɿ֡
ͷȻܲĵİ磺´βҪԶţ
룬ֲŶҪȥĻʹҰɣ
İЦЦŶӵĿ
á


236 ̫ӵ

ӣֽݣİ￴ԭЩ裬ǿȴЩİˡ
һ˳ȥʱʵ̡
ôһ룬ɨӣĶӣɨǵߣӿһ˵ĸζ
Щھεġ
Ȼһֱֽôֵܵùеǰأ
İ뵽̾˿ӣǰ
ζ·ϻͼ
԰￪ѹϸҲܻôʰǸũ֮ˣϲ֮ҥ
ӣԱߣһһ߾ͺ̧ͷİ΢Цָȴ΢΢ˣ΢
ĺ«ǲ֪Ǹλó綼ģ
ֻǡʮ궼ûڣڰҲиķͷĺ«ô磬˶յ˼
ӣţ̲ס̧ͷڵƻİӰĬشİĲ
˵˵ţͽ͵ˡ
һͽӣﾫµС㣬źȻӦϵ۾͵ҵһ룡
İһûףʲô
ӣһСһ룺ҵġ

İ粻ͷס
һһ߾ֱ̾Щˡү棬ź˵ء
ӣ
İȻô˵ӣνġ˵󲿷ʱİһ˵Աžͺá
еʱ˵Ҫ

İô̸˴󷢣һ˵˵ҹ
˲ţİļ֮żӣ˿ĵЩ˼
ûҶŶʵʵģ²СӣĴӡ
ͷͷţ͵̾һͿӣ̧ͷүô̾ˣ
İû˵ôĴָָĦ۽ǡ
Ӹߣһӵıؾϲ˲䣬øסӣԴ
ӣһеƣʶؾ˲䣬Ŭȥðѣȴİ簴סˡ
һ΢΢Щɳƣ͵ĵ𶯡

ӣʱİѾˣŵ񻨴Ӿ
վԺںǰԺ鷿˵
϶ƮźѲҵʹ͹ˡ
ӣģģ콫δʱİ绹ûأһ·ڴǰһǸ˵һ䣺˵һѴӶĶ
û뵽ô졣
ö̺ӣ´
ʱöؿӣ°ͺͲкüɫĺۼ
еó涣ҧѪ
ӣϴֻ֮öźԼɵ˸ͷһߴڼϣȻͳ׼š
ݵĵĲ⣬ӣͿϺ˵İźüֻССӣԱŵǼǲᡣ
ǶѲҴĺö
ɻʢĵˮ飬һšӷɫԲ󣬾ӨĿаôӣ֮УȻ⡣
ֱϾǹˣԱ߿˾˵Ǽֵı顣
Ϊ֮ص鱦ӱϣ鶼
һôĳߴ磬͸Ʒˡ
үŲรأЦŵ
Ա߻һӸʽƤɫǵɫԼ˲ΡӸȵȡ
и͵һߣ

İ硪ǵۼݻؾ֮Ͻһι硣
󡢿ǲšɣӵ䡣
˵УϣһƬ֮УСһЩӵϳ
İں棬Ϳɷ˾֮Աǽҡź
չ֮£ǵɫйҫĿԲӡ
İһߣ֪ͽ˺üյ衣
ԽԽʣԽԽȡ
Ҫ
ӣԺõҹͶǿζصġ
ǰ鷿ţԼЩʱ䣬ҲǶˡ
ͳ˿ƤӼġ
ġ
İŲյУأϾͱһ¡
һͷͿԭ̫ӡ
̫үİվ
̧̫ѹļ򣬲￴˿Цŵԭĵϲ裬ҹأͷĵܲá
İϽ͵л̫ү
̫үһֳαϣ˵һϢ˵׼ҪѲ
ӭ⣬̵з۾
İһ£̫ӳƺʰΪꡱ΢ѿڶ̫ӵѲʲôʱϢ
̫ζļЦŵû¶ƺˮˣи׾ͺá


237 ݴ

İŲ裬һ£͵ǸողŴӶҪѲ
ʰҲ̫

ıոʹŸĴƤñ͵ܣӣˤˣūǸں͵Щ
ɲסţͷ֪ģ
һͷñӾһ˲סСԴ
;˫ְñֱƣȻԱʼר־Ŀ۶ͷмıʯ
һ̵̱ıʯ⣬տ̵Ĺâ
ԴİһظθͲ֮ǰôƵˡ
ŴҲд֣ûˡ
һ˰СϣһС⽽ˣǽǶƤñС⽵Դһۡ
С⽡Сһ£ܲӵؽСͷһ˦ͰƤë˦ˡ
еʧתͷӣϳʲôʱҲܺ͵ܵü氡
ӣڵͷ콫ҪõСӣ⻰̧ͷͳźЦЦǺҪСܵܣҪСأ
ԥһ£ϾŤһСӣתȥ˼
ǸΪѵ⣡
˰죬ŵСðɣҴ档
һ˵ţһ߾վߵһԱߣֽȥֻС
Сü侫ɣǺһͻϲߡ
;ֻС֣һһֻģˮս~~~~ˢ飡
Լһ棬һ߾ܵӣߣңң
ӣԱ߿ţһ߿һ߾̲ס΢Ц̧ӵСԴ
һӣȷʵǺܹµġѹİ֮ǰ˵Ⱥ͡SٳЩЩӵܽ顣
Ȼһ;С첲ˡ
קӣŤŤ䣬ŶҪ
ӣû취ֻ÷еߣӱڻ
¡§סĲӣǰСȾ͵
ӣۣڶнŵСϣ뵽ӸղģսֺΡ
Ȼһ͵ԴǶ㽲°ɣݴ
ӣ˵һ룬Ͳ˵ȥˡµڶĺ˵̫ˡ
û뵽һͷͿͰС£ڻ۾һգգ̧ͷþ۾

תڵӣٲˡ
Ѿܴˣ߶ʱЩ
̫ҽĴԽƵİҲ
֣ĸˮȣ׼˵ġ
¾㱸ֻ硣
Ͼǵڶ̥һεľ飬ټ̫ҽ˵кһжãӣҲͲһ̥ôˡ
ʵЩԤеġһλĺڶбȽľ
ʹЩҲСС֣񻳺͵ʱ򣬱ڵ¡
˵׼ǸŮӡ
ˣʹճһԶŮ˫ȫ

ոร͸ԺӶСá
Ͻǵ͹ҲС
겻ϡ
İǰڳ֮ϣתȥʱײϵڰݷ
İ棬Сϵ㡣
ϣ鱣ӣӣһУһƽ
ŮţվԱߣؿİ磬ͶЩп
ү۲ҵ
ûô۵ġʱʱ̶̿ǹҷļϡ

µ׵һ죬İӹһһ߾ͲŶͷϵĺ
ʱѾʱˣĺϼߣþòɢ
ȵķİ磬ӻʢһ̧ǰԺ鷿ߣһ߾ʹ㻻һȥӣ
ȻС̫źţŸոջһ룬СӾܵĸϹˣͨ¾˵รˣ
ոշ
İһϢ̧žߣӶ
ʢں׷˳
һ·ϣİһߴǵߣһ߾̫ҽû
ֵǲʡסڸġ
һ˴ϹСŵľรСԺ
ûǰأѾԺӵūŽŲҴҡ
İˣ˾Ĺǣһ񣺡ү
İȥֱ̤ݿӣˣֵ⧲ûüס
ӣڴϡոչһʹǴϢʱ
İˣӣеǿϳ˳ţİ͵ү
Уܳס
ȡϴεĽѵղʹôۣԼһЩһЩ
ȵؼʱź
İڴͷһֳϥǣһӣԴ
һź乵Դ
ŬԼһЩ̫ҽϾ͵ү
ǱůůȵĴһףӣʱˣү


238 Ů

ʱ̫ҽϢĸһǰһĶˡ
İ̫ҽҩ֮󣬸Ķãϥ͵үӹֻ»ûŰɣ
İķҵҡҡͷ
ˣǸϽȥվԱ߾͵ү̫ˣϾͷ̥չҪ˳ЩģοŸոշֻ»ҪϺþء
İ޲졣
һ˵һ߷ԸޢȥԺŷЩ
֪үû˼ţôҲõһӣôţҪӶˡĵص
İţһԲ
ҹʱĶʡֵҲŴˡԼԼڰรҪš
ȻʱŮ־ͳһ߲һ߸ү͸˵รһжãѾ˺üָҲԶˡ
꣬ڵˮϸϴ֣»ȥ
ﴲϣӣѾ䤱ˡ
ͽһһҵˮӾ͸ϵĺ
ſڴϣһڱ￴Ȼ˵ӣ
һ˵һ߹
ʹһһԽԽҡ
Ȼʹ࣬ӣ־Ȼѵġ߬ȭͷͣԼΪ˶ĺӣһҪס
ټס
ʱûʸӵĸ׵˩һ
֣һ߿Ž֣һߵ

ʱڴӤ
İʹվˡ
ֱŹõĺӳ¾͸İϲϲүร˸СĸŮƽ
İôһҹƽʱҹ࣬ʱҲ
ֻظ
̫ˣһƽ
ǰСү͸СǺͮͮģƤֱ壬·һơ
ССȭͷ޵ߺ
ԱߣǸѾͷʱһʯ
Цž͵񳤵һģ̳أ
İҴҿ˼ۣͷԸָϽٰá
Ȼͽȥӣˡ
ȵúܡ˲ҩڵˮ
߰㣬ūʰ˵صı졢ͭ衢ľͰĽҩ䡭
Ϊﲻܼ磬Ҳرյʵʵ͸һ˿
ӣڴͷ˺һȦͷöڴǰһţһ
ọ̈һ׵طȸ
ӣȻ飬ܺáӣڶҲƽƽˡ
İ߹öҪÿҡҡֵǷǵġ
ôһվڴͷӣβ΢Ƶ񳤵ú㡣
ӣͷϣİЦһʶԼжƣ
Ȼۡ
ԾƤ£лһ˿ʶԼİ뿴
ιιţͿӣһƤ
Ȼôͷţ˯ȥˡ
ү룬ͷΪѵؿİ硣
İǰӻʾǳȥһ־סӣļͷ
£ģģ͸ʪļͷ
۵ضӣһ˲ͷֵรղû𣿡
ҡҡͷүĻּҪȥء
İͷ˰Ѻӱˡ
ٱʱԿһЩΪϴԵʣɫԸӺչһЩ
ӣ˵Ůˣʱ˯ȫˡ
壬ڻ۾һգգضŮ˺һ
治أ
ĸŮ֮Ӧһһ˫ˮ۾ӣؾͲˡ
İȥְĸŮ§ڻЦž̾ϢºͲҪˡ
ӣҲ΢Ц
ʱѾĸŹˣһݣбŵı;;ˡ
ԥԥǰȥȻţ١
İְ˴
ԴȥСӤ
ӣЦſ˿ӣֵͷ˿ŮֻĶҪҸ
Ժ͵ͣˡ
ͺܸ˵ؾС֣ģ
ӣĶʱʺ
ô˱̨ʣ
͵˵СȣԼڴøȵһЩҡͷԵһСУұǼõġ
ӣͷͻһ뵽һսؿռ䣬ӸҲ顣
Ҫ˵Ҫܵ
˵ڵĺȻҲʶ⣬С־͵ס죬һûڵ顣
̧ͷеؿһӣ
Ȼֹؿ˿ꡣ
İȤؾʣʲôСӣ


239 ½

ôһʣӣϽž͵ǺһΣҲԺСء
⻰ҲϾռȫǵϡ
Ҳһ
İ˼棬οͯ޼ɣ׷ʣֻ̧ӣԴٴЩζҪץģҲŷܡ
ӣͷ
¡İҪ£ЪһЪ˵񡣡
ӣܹɵؾ˳ĶˣȻתߣͿͻ졣
ӣְѶӵСˡ
İ纰ĸ
ĸڵϣİվǰ˵ϸţ˰ء̺ūţֻҪմϱߵģɲĳ
ӣϣһİԱ˵һ߽ؾ;ƤԽԽԽԽ
İ˵꣬һתͿӣѾͷϳ˯ˡ
ĺƳ
ɣúϢİԺ͵
ֽŲõıӡ
İһ֣Ӵϱ

ร˳飬ܿ츮ԺͶ֪ˡ
θǰأ׼õĺ񡪡ַɫѡɣС绹Сõġ
ʱӣϢθºūǱŵؾˡ
Ȼһţ̧ͷײ˹
θЦЦɫﻹһо롣
θͿضƽ񡪡ʱջдڣϺͰ磬δ
ǴСֿģһԶŮϾร
Щĸǿˡ
รߣԸһԶŮϵĺⷴϡ

ת֮䣬ҽѾǰԺͷסһ£ԺúȺã˰ǿҩԲһȦ
̫ҽҲΪร˺üΡ
棬İĲร˸СϢҲʵȥ͹ĵ˵ǸС񣬵֮ǰSSǰ㻶ϲ
Ҳ˲ʹ
ӣӵһǼʡ
УȷʵǳһЩյǣЩҪˡ
ԭǸˣžӣЦʱ򣬲һҲи˫°͡
Ҫ
ֺƴο˵°Ǻ¶ԲԲ°ͣĸס
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ӣžӿԼһᣬƤ£û´ƣȻЦʱƻǱ
ȷʵԵøɰˡ
İҲˣرϲϵ棬ֱˡ
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İڹǰԺ鷿һ˵ʹͣǡͷáȼףͼӤñȵȡ
һӶѽ䣬žϲϲ졣
¾ϵķƸţ͸߸˵ȥιС⽣رϸģһһƲ˲ŸС⽳ԡ
СӤӣעһЩϡ
ʱ򻹻ᵣġͻ᲻ԼͻȻܵ䡣
Ͼǰҵעϣ˸СӤͺǰһˡ
ܿ죬ͷ֣ĺܣ֮߸˾͸ĸܣҪá
ұūǻģһޡôˣÿģϵĶܹȥô¡
ӣ;ãͳ֮ʮа˾Ǹÿħ

¾֮ϣӣȥŮĸò׺˯ˣŵȥ͡
СϣһŽţһ߱С⽡
ӣԼһֻչ£͵Դ뵽֮ǰ飬ʶӣ֮ͣǰ˵ļãǼС𣿡
ص˵ͷţ
ӣϸػһ˲ôûأ
͹˹գСȣȻ˵ˡ
Ͼ޵ʱİӣİ͸˵˵׼ҪѲ
ӣһ¾ۣүҪŰ
ǸողŴӶ𡭡
İϵ⣬ϰپǷʰУȻҲֱȥ˽ϣҪϣͻȪ̩ɽƵɣĻƺӡ
ӣһ˵һԺѾճһʫ续
̲סֱӣסİӣµ׷ʣȻأ
İ΢Ц̧ͷȻ󣬹ƲŻ½ϡ


240 

İ˵ãŵƻһ񣬷̾ǺõطүȻǣֻŮǴ£ʹĸŮƽҪܻҪһӡ
˶ٵһΣչǲˡ
ӣİźſ°֮˲䣬СοҪģү̫Сˣδؿ˵ù񲻳ȥδһ¡
̧İ磬۾ģСصԺ󻹻лᣬʱү
İ̧ӣͷһƬ飬鲻Խؽӵŵ˶ֽ˽
ͷӣѲ˲䣬³һ֣á
ڶһ磬İ֮Ŵˡ
ӣøл֮ǰθ͹ĺȻ׼õĻó
θ˺üΣʵòˣ¡
ʱƤѾȥ˸տʼͨ죬ְۣˮһȥֱһ¾ͻơ
θԱ߿ţЦžͿรǶŮ˫ȫˣи񡪡ü۾ͺһģһˣȻ˶һ
ӣʺƨ̲סĻһ¡
飬ΪһĸףôԼĺӣסﻹ̵ġ
ͷͿбŵŮü䣬·˵һ㣬һ˫͸۾ôģһֱθ񿴡
ͱʹģʱҲˣָͻͷԴá
վס˽ţû˵
ǰԴȻż⣬Դһڡ
վں棬ؾʹȥ

¾֮ʽ
ݵ֣ġ
İסӣ֣ڰд֡
ӣǰֽһһؽֳŮ֡
д֣֮Щٸн
ӴԽ֮һתѾôü˹ȥˡ
ǹƼŮˡ
İԱߣʸڱɽϣӣ飬ͻ⡣
΢΢ϲ
ӣİɨˣ֪ˣϽ§סİֱۣЦž͵ôᣡ
ЦžͰдֽһֱõƳԣȥŮŮԺͽˣǰ֣̫ˣԲԣ
˵꣬ͳƳŮգգۡ
Ƴ·ĸŮӦһ㣬С֡ؽ˼
ڻӦӣĻһ㡣

İЦ߹Ͱӣ§˻
ûʵӴ֮һŽ
Ѿˣ׷ӣЩ䣬־Ͱѱֱİꡣ
İסˣǳ磺֣

˳ʮ꿪ʼ幬֮Уÿʮģһ뺣ʱ뺹ݣɻʵնУĹٵȡ
ƽʱŮޡ£챨˸˸ԵǼǡ
Ҳܿرȥ
¶ǿɬһͿİжô۰񰡡
ŸոµһСޣ·ء
ѾȲİֶˡ
˵ףΪ谮
ԺūǶ鲻ѣһʱ֮䣬Ůǣû˸¡
ǾΪտڲᣬԵЩˡ
ޢҲİ谮รһԶŮЩˡ
˵ôһ㡪ǰүȥ˯ĸԺӣ˹ܲš
Ҳܹܡ
ǶڶŮİӦһˮƽ
ƲȥЩᣬҲָԸӲˡ
ոճ׵ʱ򣬻ʱƣôһκüˣ븮รǶŮ˫ȫˣƫƫԺ塣
һС޵ֶûС
ޢʱ̲ס룺᲻İ硭ѹͲøµأ
û
ǵոµӣո˵Ǻ¶
һūŶܿ׵ĵİ粻Ӧ͸

ӣԺˣö廨ӽѡҪС档
ӣһںȡ
İ࣬鷿ˡ
̫˵һȣЩϢ
ЩϢǹؼ
ؼİ绹˹˵һǰԺ鷿
ӣ뵽İƬģ;Ӷˣ΢΢
Ŵֻӣһת۾˰ȥ룬۾ȴöŵĲϣָӣͼɡ
Դó֮ⷿǰԺʹҲŷĻģֻҪͲϰģ벻ӣͼ


241 ܵ

ӣոշҩˡ
Ҳ̫ҽģкѪģӣѾ˺Щӡ
ڿī֭ҩŵɬζͷۡ
߰ɡ̧ͷ
ﱻҭһ£׻һรү˵ˡҪҩɲ¡
ӣ۾öŵ߿﷭˿ߣеһߡ

ԺһԺ֮УҲڶҩ롣
ҩҩ֭΢΢ĽɫеøЩ
ӣȵүڸʱ򣬲źһٻϺӣǵ˹ʱһ߰ҩ֮صݸһô
ΪѾ˸ü꣬˵ЩʱҲͺޱܻˡ
Ȼ񰢸үĲรϣվ޾ǵޡ
ôţүһ̶ҪмҪġ
ᲢȫûС
еĿ⣬пɬпԡ
ʵ˵İʵѾܾûˡ
ܾá
һ˿ģ¸ˡ
ۣעҩ֭ƽˮϣӳݵѡ
Ϊҩ֭ǰɫԵʣѿҲǺڶģƻӳ֮£Եһǲѣ㲲
ƿۣԸٿ

Դӣоһʱ䶼ôˡ
һι̡ܿ͵硣
Ȼù֮ٸŮСֹһ̧ͷϦ͸͵Ѽһ׹ߵĺϼˡ
ټϺҲǸСޣҲչˣʱʱؽҪ档
ǣһģӹþ͸ˮһ
ȻһȺūźţӣƣͲ꣬Լǿ϶ڲġ
ʱҲֻǡڳ֡ѡ
Ǹĸһӵǣҡȵһ죬ٻҪʮꡣ
ϵʱӣ
úõرźԡͰ˸ˮ֮ӣžһƣɢһ롣
öźһﴩļҳѡ
Ҳ巿ոġ
ʽӣԼƵģײǵɫһһӣɫ˸䣺һЩɫǵɫ
ȵ쵽ĵطɫ͵ļ˰ɫ
һѣѡϣֿףǰѵҾӷġ
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˴ССӣ״οջǰԺ鷿ġ
İ֪ϲЩС
ЩҲƷеģеǽοգߣĸ͸һɴ͸ʵĵƻ𣬱ྫˡ
ӣöϴԡõõ廨ȫɴ˽ȥ
ոհͷãöɵ˸٣;ſڹˡ
ֻСַſϣӣصҡ
ֺĸں׷˹
ӣʾӹĸ£ŰѺͱϡ
ӣϣȻСһ塪ǱŨŨĻѬˡ
˸硣
ӣϽöļյȥˡ
ȵöȥֻʣĸˡ
ӣϲסŤСӡ
Ǹոϴģ۽ë϶ˮȾʪġ
С§ס˶ĲӣȻͷſںüۡ
󣬺ԥһ˲䣬̧Сֵߣӣߣ̵ص
ȴͣסˣһֹ
ӣùԱ߸ɾӣѽëϵˮˣͣлҪԶ˵𣿡
ص˵ͷţ
ӣӣߵ£ʹֽŲõ˳ſڴϺıתӣһصصСҲ⿴ã˵ܵܣ
ӣ⻰ͷһ𣬶ʱ뵽ʺ͵Ļ
ʱôҲԸ˵ˡҲûǿ׷ʡ
ܵܡʲôģӣת°ͣͶ棬Ŷһ˫ںڵӣ
ͷˡ
ֵСȣڱ֮ϣֳסβĵط΢΢˷һָӣЦصܵһ㡣
ӣú˵Ӧǡ롱
̧ӣ쵽ǰָԼ첲һźʶӣ𣿡
Դһۣһصͷţ
ӣͷԼĶӣĬˡ
Ȼ˿ֹżСѯʣร˶þ޵ʱˡ
һ⻰ڵ˴棬һﹰһ߿оŵˣ
ӣ̧ͷ֣ɣ
ִӦŽӣЦŵ磬ʱˣūŸźСϢˣ
ͱ۾üͷýģ֣˯


242 зִ

ӣԱߣ⻰Цˡ
ȻҲЦˣСڱþһ¶½ǡ
ꡪ
ӣЦ̧ͷԿֵȥɣ
ֿǻȰ˵䣬ǲң˳ȥˡ
һţʹӱ﷭˳ſںıϾ°Ͷӣ˵ص
ӣ̧ĺף΢ЦŵΪʲôԣǶıѽ
̧Сסͷָ￴һӣཱུС͸һ˿һֶļįԺ󣬶Ͳǰһˡ
һ˵һߴӱ˹Сסӣ֣·𲻷ĵץӣļָֻҡ
ӣ⻰һ
һֱúͻôСֻҪϸ߸˵ģǾǲ⡣
ԭӲ˵ﲻں
ϵʱūˮźϴԡͱĴž˱ȥ˺ü֮󣬿ʼҡͷƷıůͣѹְϲ
ӣһؾס˶ӵС졣

תۼ䣬Ѿ˰ڣȴһûС
ûϢǺϢ
ӣЩظѾʮˣҲµĹ⾰
㿵ʦѲ·ϵʱ䣬˽Ҳǿɫԡѩǳ
ʲôþɫ
Ѳʲôأ
ƽƻˡ

ү·ӣһ㡪Ӻ˳ؾ͵˹ʱ
ıոԺʼҹơɨݡװβá񡢸ֲ򡭡
һһضæ
ҲѵõϹЦݡ֮ǰĮѲİүȥһһΣʱҲܲɣǿڹ꣬ǿ
ټİƽʱǸϰ£ʵҲǾࡣ
ȻһˣҪԲԲĲźá
ԸԳ
ֻҪİڸڸ
ֻҪôĹڣܻͷġ
֮ȼһϲָūʱҲ·˸ˣ÷ɫ
ԺūŶһ㣬˶̲סкһӷ

Ǭ幬̫ӿ̫ҽһ˵үǰܣʹҲһ˵ȥ
Ѳ⡣
֮Уԭȵ󰢸ߵ˿ʼԽԽ˿ʼۻפ
ǡʹ͡ԭ򡪡̫ӵĲ˹ʱЩɫ
̫Եʡİٿ̫ӵʱ򣬾;̫һȴǰࡢࡣ
ͷ۽ǵ·ˡ
Ц˵ʱ򻹺ãһ顪ߺǶˡ
ֻ۴װ˳¡
Ŷʮͣȴˣ緢Ĵ󰢸վһ̫ӿӡ
׶
ȡ

İһ˳Ϧȥ͹밲յ˼кӽȥ
͹֮УҡҡڰڵĽ̺ĸ£밲˵ۿʪˡ
һһǸŪֺ
İԱ߶ŲյŵţȻᵽ˸
Сһôá㸣ǲ׵ġ
ڴ£ַ̧˷ޱߣؿһİ硣
İһʼûʲôԾֱ̧۶˵Ŀ⡣
΢΢һ£ڷӦĻ֮
ʰĺԺϽ֮в˶١һȺŮһˡ
һȺĸΪ˺ӣһס
ԴޡΪ棬濴һź˵׼ȴжˡ
һôЩȥˣͺͺSǵոкȴҲĳ
ոһִ֪ġ
һִ֪ˣӦЩرġ
İϲϲ̫࣬ɫ͵ȥ
˵˼׻ʱ࣬Ǿ˵Ҫμӹ硣
Ȼ˰ǡ
ǰȥ̫ү񡪡SͺһСޣƵģ̧С֣ѧĹأģ˵˹ļ黰
˵˻SϾЩʵʵվԭأİ㡣
ȴ̧ͷС֣̫ү¶һаЦݡ
Ц¶ˡ
̫ʵǸϲŮģڸҲǸƫԼСǣС硣
źſɰС׻ǲؾ¶һ˿Цݡ
ǶԺ͵ĻӦ
峺ɾ۾·һһԴ岨ûжթֻѪ顢ܵǡ
Цݷ·ѹѾõУһ˿硣
̫͵ԴĺSļڿָָһįĻߡ


243 ΢

ƺ˵ʲôȥˡ
Ĭһ˲䣬̫˵ͷĺúӡ
תȥ۽ӳһ˿

Ϧһ˹ʮ֣֮Уƻͨ˿֮ڶ
̤ɫʱİ絽˸ſڣһЩ˾⡣
ʵƽʱҲѵˣһ˹磬ѵúȶˡ
Ӻһİɫԣ͹ˡ
ǰûʻѾżһŨŨľ⡣
үȥϽģתͷͷԸʢЩڣϽͲԺɡ
ʢûӦתͷһİ硣
ǰСطסİĸ첲үЩˣźԺգ
˵ãôһ˵İȻ뵽ڹʱ򣬵˵Ļ
ֱͷؽǰߣҲˣЩЪϢеľۡ
⻰˵òӲһʱ丣֪ôӲźˡ
İǰ˼İǰԺ鷿εͣ¡
ͷżߵūŶĬĬؿ
һɨͷ

ǰԺ鷿һӵİ磬ӣСԺȥ
ӣױ̨ǰźڲжͷϵķ
öȥι̡
һĸү밲ӣֳױ̨ҪվһЩӦһͷͱľϡ
۵ӣһ
һ߰һ˿鷢ͷƣһȥҪİ밲
İӭײˡ
İһ־Ͱסˡ
ڹһ졪˵Ǵģİȴñƽʱۡ
һ˹ӣ׼ķɣúЪġ
ӣһסİ磬ŵϵľζ
ˣͦŵġ
ϽԸȥղŷԸĽںû
ʿôһߣͷǺ
ҿⲻʲôˡ
ӼŨ֭ɣװڱ̵̱ĴУžһ˱ǡ
Ů֮ӣһ߷İ磬󱳵˼Ŀ棬һ߾Ͱ
İֶ̧˹Լ
һڣΪ⣬Щ΢΢ӣԱ߿ţϽסˡ
Ȼӣһһ׵źİˡ
˴İȻ˶ŻĲãŷӦ
ϵô졪ɼ֮ǰѾ׼
ſھͿˣӣ֣Լš
ӣ˵ͷ
ղڸſڣİЩ΢Ȼҹɫӳ֮£ҲԶ
ϾйġҲˡ
Ȼոڡȴǲǰġ
ֻĬĬظں棬ԻԺӡ
˵ǻԺӣﵽ׻šһҪĺ«أ
ȥ׼
û뵽Ȼóˡ
һһСġõ岼Ҳͽˡ
õ裬ţģټõ彴СȣŽͰ͡
ĳƷһһõ廨״Ө͸̷ɫֽСһõĻֱ
ӣԵҹġ
ĹشûԱ϶ӾͶˡ
ӣСӣһõ岼͵İߣЦеصүҲѾƵġ
İ翴һӷ۷ۺ졢С䣬͸о²졭
ӣġǿ˵ͷεسˡ
ЪϢһᣬǽĹЧˡİ罥˲١
ǹŻĸоҲȥ
ֱڴϣô΢
ӣۿŲൽ˸Ъµʱŵصſڣūˮ
ҲûŮźˡ
ȵˮһƳŷԼϥϾȻһࡣ
ӣһһŷϥǶС
ߺұߴСһұߵĸһЩ
ûײĶѽ
ӣһ£ŷӦǽڹġ
ˡ
Ͻ˳Ϧģ϶ǹˡ
͹Ÿһ𣬺Ůȥ񣬾͸˵ˡ
ǰʱ򻹲ۣ࣬ӣʱϥһ¡ֻƤۡ
˶ԡͰϴһᣬŻѣߡ
Ȼİʱһϥһɣײ˴ϡ
ؼӲľһ¾Ϳĵм䣬ĵط
˻
ӣ͵صһԭؾͲҶˡ
ԭ塪Ƥ۵ģ
İ籾ԺСģۣͿӣվԼǰһʹ飬άһֵƣһ
ʪͷɢ޳Ĳůһ㣬ڵƻ͸ӨȻĹ


244 

΢΢ˮѬ֮Уİֵƣôˣ
һ˵ţһ۽΢־ȥסӣ
ӣվԭأ˺һʹСϥˣײڴˡ
ôһ˵İʱͰߵȻӣֻϥΧþ
Աһ¾͵һȡ
һ˵һİվˡ
ӣΪҪŮ̺˭֪İһ¾ͰСر˴֮ϡ
İź˽ԸʢȥǰԺ鷿ҩ
ӰǣƽУ䳡ϣˤеģˣҩڸҲǳŵġ
ǰԺ鷿С̫ܿͽҩˡ
öӹװҩĽСӣͽ׼̺ӣͿҩأİֽӹӾ͵ȥɡ
öվԭһ˲񣬱ʱӺȥˡ
ů裬ůģӣڱһϵʹҲȥˡ
Խ֮ǰ촩ȹӵʱ˭ûĿ
Ҳ΢ײһ㣬ƤЩѪˡ
үû¡Ӵİ͵
İûԸҩӣڴأͷһۣŵʲôʱģ
ӣһ˲䣬ŷӦİǣʲôʱϥǶˡ
Ҳ֪ӣԴž͵͸ղţϴԡˮʱŷ֡
ʱ򣬸ѣҲϥǵƤ
ôһ˵һ߾ͿİѾһ°ڣڴ¡
ɸֵصһۡ

ĹǶ࣬Ҳʲô˶Ҫġ
ĻӵĲรҲǰèðɣ
ôôʵأ
ѲǱ
İôţͿӣڱקűӽǣ˹øһ
쳤ԴϺںɫҩ࣬һһСͺġͿҿô˯ѽ
İ̧۾ͿͷˮתȻʪĵطûȫɡ
̧֣ѷӣͷߵĸӾӸٲ
ӣӹһͷϵˮ֣һ߽ŸղŵĻ͵Ҳ֪ȻϽǣҲʲô˶Ҫ򣬵µġܵøأ
İüͷ΢΢ɢˡ
֪Լԩ˸
ﷺһЩϵεͬʱİȻ뵽͹˵Ļ
Сһôá㸣ǲ׵ġ
İ֪˼ǿ
ƲȥǷġ˵һ̣İȴЩ΢ҡ
ǰֻЩִ̫֣ۡ·һľͷ˵ʲôҪʲô
Է֮䣬ྴĬԡ
룬͸ȴв͸ĺô
ӣڱոԺӣδ㴺桢⿪
˼صǰİ紹ۣͿӣСˣһϥǣڴһһŲ
ŲÿһηȻСΪͲ
İеЦˡ
ӣӶԴϣ˵ĽһƤЦֻС֣İһҾһ߿ʼּۻۣүܲܲͺģ
İҩƿӣһ߽ɴһ߾Ŀ⵭Įһϵĵƻ𣺡ܡ
ӣߺڲˣĲˣ˵ˣүҲҩвУ
˶٣Դ˳İӣؾҪһ磬֮󣬾ǰҲ֤úһ㣬үġòã
İĿбӣ·ֳӣһμʱǸꡣ
ƽǰΪ³֣á
ӣһ˴ڴˡ
İ΢΢˲סһ˿һЦ⡣
ֽסӣĽס

ϸĽףƻ£ѩ׵ļԽһ㣬ںɫı֮ϣٵķ顣
Ĵϸ۵ĴС
İ綢ſһ˲ĽϾ˾
һֱ˴
֪ǲǵƻӰԭɫЩˣΧҲˡ
ſġ
İֻʣۡ
ӣЩִ٣ž
İ簴ס͵͵ص𶯡
һ˵һ߾ͽҩһӣͿĨ˴
ɫ廪ڵƻӨȻӳֽϵӰ
ŪİĲรıүַϸ᲻üӿһٶȡ
ӣ⻭ͺ衣(#^.^#)
ббпϣһֳֻԴİĶ
İڴߣ䣬ôרעôࡣ


245 ʦ

òͿҩɴİһ̧ۣͿӣϣ°͵Աߵıϣҧ촽΢΢۵ӡ
һ˲
ӣҲѾ㹻ʱˡ
ӣİո֣ſ˵ش˶
ȻǺίίſڣ꣡ѽ
Ա߻öĸȰ磡ūˡҲรɣ
İո˼ôһɢʱ͵֡
ͷͺӣһۡ
˶εЦˡ
öطG
öŶС֣ʹˡ
һ·ʹۣҿϵΣֻİ˵ȥ
ö˸ͳȥˡ
棬һöǰǰһ˵ͦˣ͵รгǺ¶
ͽͷԵؾӣ
µ¡µϻŹոʹ͵ļɰ
ӣͰСЬˡ
Ͷˮ㣬һǳɣֱ˱ѣСһ߲С֣һ߶İصıѺܴ󣬺ϲ
һ˵һֳֻڱпӣϣİ磬ؼʽظһıѺ㣬Ҳϲ
ӣ
̧ۣͿİվڴߡϵһѾ
͸˵ڴֱȻһСģСȾߵ˶˴
ӣ۵סϥǡ
İһ֣Ӷӵ´ȥѺ˶ᱧ
⧲С־Ϳ꣡
İһߣһЦеصͣȹůͣҲˡ
С֣§סĲӣܿͱ仰ע
ʵʲô֣𣿡
İ΢΢һЦȰص֡ȻǼġ
Ͷʱ͸ˣص˵ͷڴã

Ϩ˵Ƶ˪ɫӴ͸˽
ĸš
СϷȥ˯š
˸ſСϣС߱죬ȻȭͷҪ֣
ĸĶΪǺͰҪʲôء
ȵˣһ䣬֪¹СӶ顢Ҳβ죬ֻص˯ɣҹรҪأ

ӹ֣һתۣѾȥ߰졣
һ죬İǰԺ鷿￴أȻʢŲҴҵؾͽˡ
ʧ̬ʱİ̧ͷͿʢүʦˣʦǲ£˹үأ
İһɫͱˡ
еıʣһߣһ߾ʵĶ
ʢϽ͵ūڴߵСأ
İͷһԲֻǼӿ˽µĲ
˻ûȥŴѾһūģţݵøƵģһ಼ӵϣֻаƨɰϡʱ׼
ǴȴŸֲӲͣͷϵĺ
žǽǲģ
İ³˳
ѥ죬æվüİʱһǰʵү
ʢһ˫ϻմųҪİӽȥקϽǰ棬˸קˣ⻹Ǵأ
˱һѣϽס˰ǿɥףһʱվҲ˵
İʢ֣Ŀֱˣеʦôˣ
ʢԱĬĬع
֪İеġʦǹ˰˴֮ǰ飬Ǵġͼ³
ʦˣļ屾չˣǣϡ
Եڰ˴ʼһ֧͸Ϊ˹գʦ游͸׸Ⱥ̫̫ʵۡ
˿ʮ꣬ʦگ빬ֵ鷿Ϊ˻طʦӴİʦͽ֮Ե
һʮꡣ
ʦΪ˹ֱ䣬Կزס
ҲΪԸڳ֮ϵ˲ٹԱᵽ˰˴־ֱҡͷ
Կʮ֮󣬹ʦκβ
֮ǰȻӸλȴʮ࣬磬ȵ֮󣬼оȻòһʮּѡ
İӼΡ
ҲΪˣ˼ֱӽİΪ˾ֻҪ˸˿ѣǲȥıո
˳˱ոѾã̺İʢ˸۶ȥ
·ϣǹ˸ūͱ˵ǹʦԴӳϦȻ˲
⼸ղƺȻת¡
ģҪҵôҲףԭĴǸӣֻҽľɷӡ
Ǿôòصš


246 ٹ˸

ڹ˸ǰͣ£İѾй˸˵
İ磬˹±޵ү
ǹ˸Ķӡ
İ˵ֽ̧·ȥʦ
ƹǰãܿ쵽˺ҡ
ûȥİżпɬҩ㣬ʦϤɤ϶صǽǱ𾪶ıա
һǹʦĳӣʱ㺬ףҲûӵʱˡܲۿ壬ôһա
һԱߣЦűڲ˵µʱ򣬴磬ֵܵ㾭ֵ顪ȻĺͿȴöϸһ㣺ƲȥЩСǮ˵һӣһЩʮһٵǮܾܲôĨȥ˲
ʦһţһ߾̲סɤ϶㡭
˼ɤӾ͵˵ֵˣʲô˼ңǴίʵǷöˣֵҲһСҪ϶ϲᵽ̣ͬ⾰
İƹʲô
һƹ˰˴ĳӼʱһ˹
ûü밲İѾǰȥѹ˹Ӹˡ
˹ֹȥծģ˰˴Ķܡ
һ߷һ߾͵壡
˶һ룬ֻվԭأ֪żǱġֻطȴϵط߷ߵֲô粻Ըٶˣίʵûʲô˼˵ˣԭҲԲˣٳתתʮأĹЩСꣿ಻ۣͷ˼һһǣֵܣΪ˼ӶҲѿ˰ˣ岻ͷȥøһУ
վİĹ˶ʵ̲סվ㶥˵ҪɣУǶԼҵ£״˿ûжԲģ
˶䡰ɡʱʹţСԣѿ
ԽԽֶһԱ߷ŵҩ룬ڵҩ֭ʱ˳
˹Ӷŵ壡ܣүǰͰһ˵ɣ
ôһ˵˶ʱסˣתͷİ硪ȻǸ湫ӣȻϸϸȣȷѰӵеġ
˶æŹµү밲
İֵ̧˹ӣض񡣡
һ˵ţһ߿Ҳû˶һۣǰȥڴͷʦ
һʦһڴϵĹ˰˴ۿһȡ
Ȼ·ͻص˹ȥĻ鷿ʦʱ⡣
ССطGʥ飬һҡͷԵУһ̧ͷ⡣
ү˰˴ţҪӴ
İæְסļ򣺡ʦҪض񣡡
һ˵һߴŹ˰˴ݻƵɫȥգҵͷ̲סؿڱһᡣ
ǹ˶վԱߣһţһֳӣ쳤˲ӣֻǿŴϴΡ
Ϊծǻˣû·ðıա
ºˣõĻʰûнɽɽ
ծ˻ˣ
뵽˶̲ס͸ϲɫ谵գγĶԱȡ
İĿһɨ˶ϵ仯۵ס
ǵûǴĻ˶ҲǺ;ġ
ΪʦĹϵټ
ֻԸʵڲΪãա
֮ʱڴ糤̣֮ʱֵܣˡ
뵽ʦѾڲ֮ϣһ庮ƫƫֵੲݣ׷ծ׷˲ǰİ粻ɵʦеһĺ
˰˴ü꣬οİ룿
ݵ֣סİ֣˵ʲôȴһȡ
İվǰغ󱳡
˰˴òƽ󣬲˻ɤӵүǱүݹأʵ´λǱˡ
һ˵һ߾תͷŹ˹ӣָ̧ѵүǺεݣЩµģһȥո߶ţϸ˵
˹ӴͷվԱߣֹ
İʦһΪʦΪѧĽ̵ѧʼսڶԲڴҪϵʱѧ֪·Ѿʮ𣬹˹Ӹ޼ƿʩŻոѧôܽ߶أ
һ˵һ߾͵ʢ
ʢʹ˺˳ǰȥİԣѾĴӻͳƱ˫ֵϸİ硣
İƱת˹˹ӡ
˹ͨ͹ͨ죺ү
ʱİߵūѾոõĸҽ
ʦһٿ֮󣬸ҽ͵ĸİ˵ҲѰ֢ʦѸߣټƶƽʱҲֻǰС˶գӹѾãֻδܿù괺ˡ


247 ǧ

ҽôһ˵ţһ߾̧ͷŵؿİɫ
ʢվİ󣬵ͷƳһ۲յƯĲҶܺƷɫ
ıոͷĴŮ̫࣬ҲδؿĲҶ
Ѿǹ˸õĲҶˡ
ҲóдĻӡ
һ߶֪ȫ˭õλõ飬֮󣬾Ȼʵ˹
ϣʢСؿİ磬͵үūŹ˴߷̵ίʵЩȻ˸ūСˣүĿ֮͹ȥɣ
İɫأĵ˵ͷֽ׷һ䣺˲̫ࡣ
ʢ֪İ¸ʦĬĬĵ˵ͷ
İʱӲĮȻֻгߵʢóɤ¶ꡣ
һİ˳ӣ⿴һۡѩ׷ڵס˵ǵĲֽƻм
ǹջףµĲм
İȻ뵽˷ʦǱҡ
ֻкܺһ衪߾ȫߣȻůڡ
ʦűڲ֮ϡ
Ϊ٣磬˽ĵˣҲֻô³
ô⿴һƬĳϣδЩʲôˡأ
ڱոſͣ¡
İȴû
ͷԶǵĵƽߡ
ĻѪ

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ӹǣۿɼٶ˥ȥ
ͷ˰˴ڹ˼Ҹ֮ۡڡ
˸һƬذס
벻ǣλʿȻ֮Ѷò
İԳ棬Ϊʦɥ¡
ھڴΪѻʿ֮У˶İʦصТ壬Ǹ۲۵ľӡ
һʱ֮䣬ͷȻǹ˰˰硣

ҲΪʦŵ飬İʦ꣬ûôԺȥ
żȥʱҲǿӣͺǣһһš
СеޣЦɲԼ⵹޷
Ǻ;Ͳһˡ
ӣȾ˺ͣ㰢ʱ򣬱ճŰ꣬ҲôЦ̫ġ
գ۾ӣץץСԴͲ̫ˣΪʲô
ίͰ͵ػŤС֣ҿ밢ˣҿ꣬ǻῪĵѽ
Զӵʣӣ򵥴ֱԼִУǻᾡĽ͸
׶ӵСȻĵصٸ˵ͽѹԱߵȴһֱЦĺܴͻ᲻Щƣ
룬Щˡ
֮ǰİһ߱Сˤʱ򣬴ԱЦ
;úܣһûʹ˵
Ҷˡ̧Сס죬صͷ
Ա߿ţؾ̾һ
Ǿôɲˡ
รٸ߹ҲǸҡ
Ǳİĳ谮̧ȥġ
Ϊ˹̳裬ร䲻Ҫʱʱ̴̿Ħ⣬Ҳöÿɫӻ硣
û취
ɺİ׶ӣǿɲһ
˵ˣżСѽôšӵȻ涼ûˡ

ϣİԼ
һԲţ˵ҪǰԺ鷿ȥ
ӣѾöȥԸʿһʳеըŸİߵС̫ˡ
ߵʱİ־͵С
ָϱİָ˺͵
һֱŶĻСԷԵر棬İ˺ü䣬˵ǳˡ
ڱôһҲЩ̲סˡ
ӣͿ첲ıסĴȣ겻ߡ
(_)
ӣѶӱߵذݣܶ࣬ǶһЩ
İ¡ڶҪˡ
ǰ鷿д˼Űǰ͸ֳӸղſС
ӣذѶӱһߺһ߱ߵӡ
İӿһ˵ھΡ

СԺݵƻͨ
ϴԡ֮ӣ˸ɾ£ողŰͷɣͱŸӾܽˣճճ˵ｲ¡
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ӣЦſŶӣ˼ȴƮ˿
ȻլŮӣȴҲᵽ˲İΪʦɥ£ʰᣬ˵顣
Ͳʿŷ
ӣ룬Ŷë׵Դǲʿᣬǽǧ
̧С֣һըŴ׸⣬ͷһָϵۣͷã


248 ıΣ

һ˵һ߾ֱ̧һƣһֻС§סӣĸ첲һֻཱུա
ӣ˻ĶӾ͵ںܾúܾǰһλҪõһƥǧǧĴۣʱ䣬Ҳǧ
ֱͦС͵֪˵ˣҴһЩҺʹȥǡǧʲô
һʣһ߾̧С֣ץץСԴ
ӣӼ򵥽һ£Ž½£ʱһ˳֤ǧ
˳ȥ£ֻһƥȥǧͷ­ٽ𡣡
˵Ҫạ̊́ôǮŪһͷô¶
˻شһ˶֪ˣϲǧΪԸ⻨ٽ𣬸οŵǧأġǧܿҪˡ
Դ˼ŶȻקקӣӣ׷ʵȻأ
ӣԶ𣬵Ȼ֮󲻵һʱڣǧ

ǰԺ鷿ƻ֮£İ翴Űͷš
һͻأأŵš
ʢվһԣĬԡ
İ籾Ҳһ˭֪˼Ȼͣסˡ
֮󣬽Ŀŵϡ
֡족
еӡ
ǰԺһ飬ҲǱոſ͡
֮ǰҲǼͨģֶ˶Ͳ˵ġ
İüͷ˰죬ԼԺмһӡɫ԰ףĿ˸
ҲǸ޸֮
û뵽ﵹЩ֮ϡˡ
˲òࡣ
ҪŵҲǲװգİ̧ţȻɨһվԱߵʢζص
ʢεЦЦǺǲ£Ƥǳúܡ
İֹ̧סʢҪ˵Ļ
ͷ˿ֽϵһ֣м͸ί벻ʣУף΢ɱ֣
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İĬĬؽ͵˵ƻԱߣۿŻһֽıԵ
Ϊҽ
үС֣ʢϽͭ
İֻǶŴҹɫ
ſϲ˵һ仰ǣǧУֲС
ʵϣطGǾáϣֲǲУȴΪԼǧˡ
ǲǧǵ֪
鷿ǰߵСԺֲҲڱ飬𡪡ôŰּ졣İ絭
ʢվԣ˺һΣŷӦūһȥ

ڶ磬㱻ūŹˡ
Ȼûеүߣܴбү⴫ְŵСԺѾĻŭˡ
СԺİ鷿ǰһŶԺӣסĶİ鷿顢ūŵˡ
ѾˣԺﻨϮˣⰻȻ
ңϸؿ˿Լסӡĳ󷽣ˬ˴̺ͱҪ¼ܡ֮ģǰڴµˡ
˹ȥָ˸ߣִ̧ӱɽ˱ʡ
ڰ黭˼ʡ
飬İҲ˵ǡСԺһ顣
뵽İ磬ЩȻȻ浽Ϊİġ
ȹ۲һӰˡ
үūŶ롭׿ڽǻıı˵
˴ɷ򣬼Ȼһ⣬Ҫƾһ˫һϸ߷塪ʲôֶΣ˵ǲۺʼɵ˽Ӱˣ
߬ȭͷôš
ôһ˲䣬е޾Ѫڡ

ռ
ӣСԺһֱϨġΪ˷ӺСӣʱθԶʱܳԵϡ
ʱʢܹˡ
ӣź￴˯Сӣϣʵʱ򣬽һ˵ʢˣӣʶؾΪʹ֪ͣͨİϹ֮ġ
߸ӭӳȥʢһЦһͨ
ԭİ⼸ʵһֱθڲ̫ãϹֶ࣬˶˼֣ɫҲ
ϳŵʱİϾ˵ȥรţһ飬ûɡ
켸ûôúóԷˡ
ӣۣȻˣʢˡ
ֻвรգܺү⣬ūҲûˡҪǲรȥȰȰүʢͷص
ӣ̧סʣµĻչԵһ£˾ͲȥˣץֲȥүƵϡ


249 

ʢм㣬ֻûรˡ
ʵ¶ǰճҵǸ
ո޳裬οȥ˵ˣ븣ҪǵسȥǰԺ鷿
үֲ
ʱԼⱻм䣬ͷֺãαأ

䣬ӣöԼΧΧȹȻһָʿˮһ߾Ͱͷ
һ
ʰԼһ߶ʳĿʼ˼һ춼ûθڵĺ«Щʲôˣܹθɿڣ
ÿ졣
ʿԱ߾͸⣺รҪūȥŷʣʲôʳİɣ
ӣϵҡҡͷء
ĿɨһȦ
ʱ򣬸ոճһ˽ӣʣ²٣һѾ͸ˡ
ÿ֥ʿȡ
ҲҿġǸոóƤϻˮȾͻὦճ
˵ҲܳԣƤʮа˾Żơ
ƷҲͲôˡ
ȹ͡
ܿ죬õĻƽȱһҵ˿壬ϰ֥飬žͺóԡ
ʿԱߣӣ֣һװʳˡ
һ޹Ǽȡ
ΪƽѾˣΪ˱壬ӣϸذѴ鼦Ͷȥɾˡ
Ȼſʼȥǡ
ʵҲżǵôԽ֮ǰڳϰ3ٸȥǣҪ֤ȵƷ࣬˺öΡ
õļȽãٽ͡ΪûθڵүܿθӣصϺһۼȻ

ʢᵽǰԺ鷿óİ鷿߶ǡǸС
ϽץסյȰѼȰүһûôˣūίʵ۵ýٵһЩ
İվڴǰͷûأ˻־͵ûθڣóȥ
ʢֻǰȥյӡ
ոһ룬İȻһͻأصȵȡ
ǡӣζ
ͷһϽƽƵ֥ʿȣȴЦ⣬ȴ΢΢üô࣬ǰүͰ
ʢü΢ЦžͰѿˡ
һҧȥʵ֥ʿ˿ŴŴŨζ硣
İֻܿȣȻſʼֻ弦ȡ
ȱͶģټ⼦ȡ̫˰ɣ
ôţÿӼһ鼦Ⳣ˳ŷԭּ弦ȣֻǱ濴ȻڸоȻٽ¡
ˬ㣬ɴ೤
İӹūǵֽӲ˲죬ֺ˼裬ֻ⼸һš
׻ӣ
̿ǰıīŵƣҲɢ˲١
űʸոдУʢС̫ˡ
รΣİͷҲ̧űʵ
ʢһӦİʡรôûŹ
شİ緭һҳ°ͳСԺķ΢΢ȥ˵һҴӹȥ

ڶİʱ򣬺ͻ˯һֱ˯ڡ
ӣ񣬱İ
ſһȦʪĺܲӣȻȵġ
ˡ
ӣѹɤӣ̧ƣһ̺үȥݻһɣ̫ܡ
İ³ѶӣվСԱߣҲѹúܵͣӣ㣬˯ʲô
ӣҪ˵ͿСϣͷ˸С۾Ȼۡ
İһ˲䣬һ£Ȼ󲻸ŵزꣿ
Ȼڵһ¾ˡ
Ľбں͵С֮һţһС˯ú˵ģ̧ͳİЦˣ
İȥѶӱ·Ҳˡ
ȵŵʱ򣬺һſӳԼĲˣһ߾ͺڴİ磬֮꣬ǰ˵֡ܺ棬ʲôʱ棿
ӣں⻰Ͳ㱻Ǻ
룬̧ͷͿİְѺͱԼϣСԴ㻹ǵѽ
͵˵ͷӻţؾͻͷİ磬۵ģ˵ÿ仰Ͷǵѽ
ůȵСס֣ԼĿϣСȾ
İţһ˵ļ¶
¶ͷڶͷһڡ
ȻʲôֲТġ
ǻʰ꣬İǣ׵ŰѶĳ͡
޿ɺǡ
ûһƬТΪǰᡪ⺢ӱ㣬ҲδǸĺú
طGˡ
ϽλҲ
ù֮İȻȥǰԺ鷿ͱīֽⶼˡ


250 ڲ

īֽû֮󣬺ڰϣ۾ͿǰϵĶ
Щǲİģǰڶ﷿Ҳûټá
İ籧źǰˣС־΢ЦԸд֡
ıʸһϣǰޱ߼ֽ̿ţתͷվԱߣϻ΢Цݡ
ȻЩʶˡ
͵Сȣİϥͼİע꣬Ը⣡
İ۰Դ˹صһ±Ҫһµרģд˴֣ȥԸ
ӣԱ˸ι˶
·סˡ΢΢ӣһΡ
İ̧ͷӣһۣͿԼЦЦ
Ȼһתȥˡ
ӣҲûţոźһˮ裬ʹ
ȥԸʿҪ׼š
Ȼȥ￴˿
öԱߵģ⼸ĸรˣ׷׹밲ְι̣˵һ顣
СǾͷȴƳ֮Уѽѽķһ̴ٵڡ
Ա˵ŻȻȴҲĵ֡
ӣתͷſžЦˡ
СģŮѽ
Ůӡ
ӣſƳԱߣͰԼϵĺɰӶŮ档
ζӺܿע⡣
˺ˮһӣС֡
û룬ȴסӣһָ
˵ǡסʵҲǼָĸָϰˡ
ӣͷһֻ÷·Ů⼸ССָסԼļһ㡣
ǺЦͷȴȻ鷿Ǳ˶
нŲžžવ˳
ʶ֪Ǻ͡
Сֳˡ
ӣһͷȴͻֻС֣ԼܽˣͿ˾һ㺰
ϻī㡣
ĸ׷棬кš磡ﻹŸɾӣҪϵī
ȴѾˡ
ǰһˣһͷĻֻС͵һĴȡ
ӣϵװʱˮīд⡣
ӣ
˻֣ʾĸȥˮ
ﻹõԸö״ȥ𷿣ˮˡ
ܿ죬װˮͭͽӣ˷ƳԶԶģȻŰѶ˹ȥ
ͷס͵С֣һ߸ϴȥϵīһ߾֪ʵôֲ𣿡
һֱ̧һڲ
ʹļ׵ҡͷ棡һҲ棡
һ˵һ߾ſֻСָ￴
ӣͿչߣֻ̧һ߶ȣ·
һֻʪŬ򿪳СѼӡ
Ĺĵص֣һöţ껹ЪЪ͵Сֶ

Ͼ޵ʱӣȥдĴ֡
İ绹ǰ飬һ̧ͷӣˣ˯ˣ
ӣ˵ͷ
ߵԱߣĿɨɨİûע⣬ͰԱһŤŤİùˡ
һ϶Ǻ͵Ʒˡ
Ƶòִࣺӱʻš
ӣǺЦֽ϶µıʼе˱ʼȣһǳɡ
еȴһŤŤ滹Ÿīӡ
Ͳûֽͨˡ
ˣд˳ġİְź͵Сֽ֣һϳġ
ЩȻǺԼıʼˡ
ΪԼĺӣôô㡪ӣЩһʱ䶼Щ᲻÷ˡ
רľһŰ˳Ϸյⷿȥ
ȵӽˣȢӡ̸СʱȤ£ҲԼոѧдֵʱµıʼ
һһ߾ֱ֣վԱ߸ռ䱦һռŶӵĽ
İддţʼûע⣬һ̧ۣӣæòֺ
һֻ־˹ȥӵסӣʲô
ӣϸĸˣ˵ԼҪѶӵıʼţء
İţʼ΢Цŵģģϵıʾͣסˡ
Ȼ뵽ϽԼСʱ
١ҲˡСʱ򣬻û鷿ǰµϰһһŵĶ
һЩĻʲôСС֮ġİһЩԼŶ˼١ȴһ㡣
һβɣ⻭尢Ƽˡ
Ϊչİģ尢ݺݵıЦ
һӲӸ䶼͸ˡ


251 ³ɽ

뵽ǰ£İ̲סͳ
ᣬӣͰѺʣµֽȫץˡ
Ŀɨ֮Ϳİǰֽϣǣ졣
ӣʶüͷһ塣
֣ôô죿
Խ֮ǰ
˼ڤ˺һڻȻⲻʷİǱۡʱڵһıʿ
ʷϼأ˺Ͷİ縮ˣİļūİƼθ֪ԱĴʹ
һ·
ģİдʮڶշš
ʷơʮ
ϵĵƻһӣ͵ػع
졭Ҳ̫˰ɣ
£ʮ궼û
Ҫ֪ʷϲҵľգǴӿʮ꣬ʦ״η̫ӣʽĻġ
ôıʿ죬ֻڸİдЩʲôأ
ӣ۽ޣߵİ米ָ̧żүһ죬ɿɿ졣
İȫעǰֽϣûͷֻ̧һֱֻ֣
ӣǶȣԿİϵֽ
ҪķšĶٶȡֱţ
Ȼ󣬲ŸոնУİͰֽһʼдظˡ
дֵȻûжſ졣
ӷӣһڸٶȡ
ֻİֽдʯҷáдģϲҲ
ȻĶǽʯ֮ԣ˵ƨҲûСҾûġ
ûŶ
ӣĺ«еֱ
Ȼĥ飬ŷӦص
˼İǿǡʯ
˵Ķǽԡ
ǹؼشյţҲᡣ
дְʾյžѾ൱ˡ
İҲܹܲƻ˵ðð˵̫ˣҲôģ츨ȥգ
ޣ
Ҫˣ
İһ䡰ʯѾǺܴ󵨵Ŀ϶ˡ
׺ӣ͸оԼ͸ˡ
ϴԡ˯µʱİЩȶˣȥ˯ž
ͷͷ˵
ſźţĶĥŲรӦǲźүġ
źҲвźĺôʡūҹҪͽˮȥϴԡˡ
ִԱ߹ЩпӸֻรŸһƵġ
иĸһһŮڡ

˵һ룬İӣͷͼе˶Լꡣ
Цŵͷӣ
ѾӵĶ鿴ǰ鶯
ûһ˿һΪĸ֮ϳ¶Ľǡ
͸һ˿Ľ
İǵãǰϺº֮󣬻ﻰ벻Ůġ

һӣߣӣؾͷ֣ʢﶼ֡
Ҳ˵үǰʹ˵أȻͷ˵˾͹ร
ӣҲȷλǲǾǸʷϺպıʿ
ǵʮһ°ڵʱʢġˡ
ˡˡ
ӣ֪ǲʱ򣬴ѾƼ˹ְȥְˡ
Ǹ￪ʼ˸زӳԵĴĵõģС
Ĳ㣬ˮɣӣ
һۻҵСԺᡣ
ʵʳ֮Уӽ£ǱոʲôöûУ
Щͼرʰˡ
ҲΪö̫࣬ǿЩʵСһ˱Ƶģˡ
ԺһֻٱСͶ֣ػصﺰţݣݣ
͹ˮȥСϸҲ
ո͹ʱӣẹ̈˺ǵС֡
ūŵƻµһ飬Ȼһë
ð
СԱ߾Щʧ䡪ôˡ
֣ϲߣͲˡ
ԼôҲԡ
ԣе㲻˼
ӣԱ߿ſЦá
˭뵽
һѽҪƫƫٱжӡ
׻кӣѪġ
ӣôţϺͲ˵Ҫµʱͽ̺ʫ³ɽãƺ䣬缸Źء
Ȼɳսĳͻɫһ顣
ཱུСžԡ
ȻһҪʫ
ӣ֮󣬾ͿʼʶʫдҲֻЩ֣ڿ»ᡣ
͵Ҫѧ
ӣЦšһ¶ӵıӾ͵һڳԲɸӣҪѧ͵úú֣һС


252 Ҷ

һڷ·¶һ㣬˵ͷ

İ罥ؾͷ˶ӵı仯ǰǳüߺ󣬶ȴ˸Ƶģ֮ǰˡ
кüİڵʱ򣬺ӣʰЩֵıʻôд
İ翪ʼûΪʲôֻôŶѧʱϰ֮Ȼˡ
ͦԺĵҵĶӡ
д֣ͣһҡͷԵĺߺ
İѶӱϥϣϸˣ֪ڱʫ
ʲôɳսף¥ղְݾ磬ҹ
ȫˡ
ССͣȴһɡ
ۡ
ôЩģСС°͡
һЦ͵ҵѽ
һ˵һ߾ֱȻһʫһ£
Ͼ޵ʱİӣ¶
ӣϽİ˵ǰڹʱʫ鱾ѧġ
ΪŮңҲÿЩ͵͵ѧġսСظ䡣
һֲ䣬Ҳһֽ͡
İŵǾеְۣ˻ӣȲĽͣ
ʹˣǸ֪һʱôţһţͷٿ
İûмʫ⣬
СʱڹҪ鷿ÿʲôʱ򣬸ʲôγ̣й涨ģҲˡ
˿Σ˰Ҳбİţʰϲѧڷܵĺӡ
תͷӣ
һֻж硢ϦлʰٽڿЪһЪʱ򣬱˵̰ˣҹ˯һ׵ġ
İһ˵һֱ̧ȻӣҸոս鷿ʱÿҹﶼҪūôĵýȥ鷿棬˯ʱǰλƵĵ͸׹һ·
˵ôӣ;Цס졣
İҲЦҡͷСӣӿɱҵùˣ
ٱոﻹû鷿

ӣĬĬ룺˵·ͨʵѹͲڷܶ·ϡ
СӴ̥ص죬ֱ
İĽ룬Ȼǣ㣬ܶٷܶ
Ӻ

ڶһ磬ӣʹźͿʼʱ
򵥺Ͷ˵һ¸ʽ
Ҫһζʱ𴲡ϴԷ㿪ʼ֡˯
Ҫ涨Ŷ
ȵȫд֮󣬺;ūϡ
Լ֣ʱͿͷ׵ġ
һͿһ߸˵ÿֱЦǰϡ
üһСǰ⵱ˣ
ȫ֮󣬺ǰĳƷͺгɾ͸Уʱǰӣÿ
ӣ΢ЦžӵСԴ
ֻǸร
ʹĸ֣Ҳ̫õġ
ҿİ⾢ͷƵȺٴһЩİ϶ҪӵǰԺ鷿
ͿѾֹһֹˣ˵รĴ󰢸SǶùĺܡ
֮ǣͰٿɰܲԶ
кӶǰ鷿̫ĻͰҲδһֱֵø˻ġ
ӣԼڰİҪ󣬸ʱ͵ѧǰˡ
ϧʱ䡢רעµϰ߰ɡ
ָݽǵӣѧôӱԺͰʱ䣬ٶ׼ʱʲôʲô¶Ϳ԰ŵľ
ﱧŸŤŤȥСץץԴӣȻΪʲôҪʱأ
ӣһѪĬĬ᣺Ϊղ㻭˰ʱѵҼ
ͺܿյذݼȥžÿ֮һ˾ͽȥд֣д棬𣿡
ӣ룬ӵСͣԣҪʲô
Ͳ˼͵֣ҴӦ˰ġ˵˾ʹȥ
ӣ˵ͷһֻôʱ䣬Ҫ棬ô֣ʱ䲻ãôأ
ˢ̧С֣ס죬ɴ۾
סˡ
ӣӵСֱǣź͵С֣ԺָٱСô֣ȻͰȥĴǺǰĿꡣ
ȻĿ꣬ҪȫԸ
ƶǶ߬Сȭͷ˹⣬̧ͷӣ
ӣҲͷŶӣһʱô࣬һľҲôࡪȻкܶ桢˼ǣҪ£ʵֻһ
ѡҪ÷Ҫ


253 ӳŵ

ͳĬ˰ΣͦСţһȫȫСӺһ˵ͷţ
һתͷؿһٱ
ȻһȻĽȥˡ

µ׵ʱİʱ򣬻Ӵ˹ʹ͵ߡ
Ǻϲ֡ʲôǹ滹Żأܹװȥ
ͿһۣȻҲǻϲأȻסûϸӲ鿴
ֻǸһСһСȣ˰
ȻСӷһߣ;ͼǰһд֡
һһţī硣
дҲ֮ǰֱƵϡͻͽ
İ翴һһ㶵ġ
ѵ⺢жԣСС͡סİ翴ŶӵıӰ͵ӣ
֮Уϲ֮⡣
Сʱдʱˣӣ굽һּŸӣһ־Ϳʼӡ
డĿɫͷס
Դȥˡ
ӣ߹ȥժԼǰĸɾӾ͸Ͳɾϵĺ
Ҳס
ɣú档ӣ̧ں͵ļϡ
ů̫ȣһתͷԸūš
Ѻ͵ʱİԱߣ²յͶӣ
ӣݾȥѷͷʱˡ
İ翴ſž͵ͷиˡ
һ˵һ߾ָ̧괺͸øͼϴˡһʱζ书Ҫ
ӣվԱߣĬĬľΪһᡣ
ðɣҿİ֮ǰ˵ˣڹϵ鷿ж¡
һΪ۶ӣȰ衣
İ翴ӣվԱ߲˵һ˼顣
۶ˡ
һʱһţסӣ֣Լ󣬰Լǰ̧ͷ̾˿ġүĶӣүۣ
ӣʶص˵ͷȻŷӦүں̫ͣ
ġ

ŵʱһŴΡŻƶۡ
ûпǣֻʱ򣬿ٵؽһȥ
ҧһڣڸŴֱַۣóԼˡ
ӱߣֻСϴĸɸɾģξ͡
ӣӳԵ㣬һһĵģСһɰˡ
̲סͷ˿ӣһĸЦתͷŶӡ
ͳڶƶŴΣҪȥõȴ˸á
ոСץסΣֱͱİĴְסˡ
ͣ(????)
ֺģԵôˡ
İ翴Ŷӣͳͣ˵һԣµأֱڡԷҲһʳҪýơ
ӣԱĬĬؾ²ۣĺ«ҹʱҲû㶮ýư
㶵ؿŰֵ꣬ͷ˿Ρ
ϵˮĲһݡ
԰ɳ԰ɣٳһ
ӣʵ۵òУһԴһ߾ͳ˳İӣգգۡ
İεؿһۣȴǳΡ
¿ӣԶһصͣɻǵá֮ǰԼ𣿡
һ˲
Ӧ֮ˣ꣡꣡
ӣ˷ܵĿӸˣϽסˣлл㰢꣡
͸ƵģֱӴԼǱ߾ˡ
İȣ§סĲӣİϺݺһھ͵ˣ
û죬İʢȥСԺӺˡ
Ҫȥ
⼸춼˵ĺܣĴ˶Ϊ׼װ
ģ滹һ㾫µıߡ
ͬɫСƤѥ˧ټСޡ

ӣȻ߾˱֣İСĦС
ۡ
Ͻջ
ǰѾ˵ˣͿһ𶼸ȥͰ
ʱ˶ʰ룬ź;ͳˡ
ҪҪעⰲȫĻ˰⣬һֱ㡣
ӣ˵ˣתͿ֣ͲòϤ˽˶ʲô¶ֻԱΪһ¡
˵ˣŶӸ߸˵ȥСӰ
żʱʢΨֺͲСˤţһ֣һֱСıš
ŶӵĶԶȥӣġ

˸ſڣ;Ϳ˴SҲڡ
Ȼ񡪡ͻСô档
ʱģǴ
Ҳ˵д治ģʱţͽؾͷ֣ƺС⣬ԼϲĶһ
Щ˱ǵ֬ʲôģžͱӷ硣
ͺϲ
ϲߵǹƺȫȤ
ǴSأ
ͱǰȥ͸Sк磡


254 S˼

SתͷҪ˵ͿСҲ˹һЦ밲˵ǲร˼СҲźͰһȥ
һ£㰢ǰԺ鷿ˣźģѾСӡˡ
ԴʲôҲû˵
ūѾӵ˹˵λϳ
ȻС̫ǾͰһǰһı
ڿ΢΢ĳˮĴƮݣѬȾһɾԶ֮⡣
۾ͶŶĴ翴
˶٣۵ƤܰףһɫװֻСַϥϡ
ͿһתͿSȰڵҲǶ˶ġ
ͷ˿ԼСȣѧŴģˡ
ʱİҲˡ
λϣֵСȣС֣뺰꣬ͿĴվа۵ĸ񣺡ꡣ
İȥԴ
Ȼתߣʾǹ
һ¶ɿ죬ͱQȥˣسסİӾͻϲϲʵ꣬ȥ
Sһߣ鶼ЩнģϾǸСޣܵ⻰룬̧ͷͿİ硣
İ΢΢һЦǲżѵпУҲһˣļʶ
ͻžһ֣һתȦȦðð
ڴ֮ϣеİºˤˣ־Ͱ˹¡
Ťӣббصİ绳ϡ
İոհ;ͿһԵĴ硪Ȼܵ˳;ţ
Ǿ
ֻһѵǣԭŰֲ꣬
һ§סİĲӣһ߾Ťͷ˿һͷŵСӣʱ򣬶˴˸ȥɡ
Сӿһİ硣
İ˵ͷǰתǵĵطͣһ£ȥá
ϣͿֶڣҲ
ʱѾתǵطСȥû֮İ
SԱߣȻμѧǣСͦñֱǱŵ˸Ʈ
Ժū˽ﶼ͵͵˵˵รһֺóգǺϽĳȣҲѷɫ
ȥʹ
Ƕﵱɫˤ˱ӡһȦūŶ˽ÿԼ졣
Ȼȵŭȥˣͱޡ
Sһˡ
ȻСȴҲԼԼһ¡รǸɻ䣬Ǹڶǰļɻ䡣
Ժ󣬶·䱾һ㣬ȥ밲˺͵ܵܣҲ͵ܵܶ˵һ仰
ǰƺθ񣬵ȥҴ档
ǺģҲ׼ˡ
ãǲһĸãҪϷΪʲôҶ񣿡ظ˵
Sпû˵Ǻ֮飬ҲǽͶԵͶԵġ
ûǶԸʵ̫ˣԷƢˤСִūŵʱ򣬼ֱһСĶ
ĲҶ档
ʵҲǶʹ棬ֻǴǸ顣
Sؾ;ãԼ·һ¸ǽ
£ûһ
ܳͺ¸ǽ߳͸һ͸ķ硣
˼תǰSոջع񣬾ͿֻСǰ
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ַֻѾһ齹ɫĸӣϲϲԼ磬𣿡
Sһ۵ܵܣȻ߾Ǹϡ
ӿƽƽ棬ζȴڿɬз㣬һһֱƮ
ʲôǹﻹǱոҲûŹζĸѽ
ˣԽԽ㣡
S뵽Լร񣬾͸Ͻ۹ǸŲˡ
һ۵ܵܺͣŬڳһС˵ӣҡҡͷɫصҲ
ո˵̲꣬ס˿ڿˮ
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Сһ˲֮󣬺̧С֣ɴؾͰɿԼ
İںŶǵĶԻ΢΢ЦЦ˺͵Դͣǳģųˡ
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ӹСӵĸɾӣԼСֲ˲Ȼϡ
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У⣬ͣˡ
ȥһֱЩ롣
˷ܵúܣһ˫Сǰܣܲ˼Ͼͳˡ
ֺ׷ں棬ӣһ߸ţһ߾͸ֱ磬Щ
Ǳߣ˰Ͱ͵ӭֽ׼õСǣ˹
СѡĶ˳Сëɫ˳žµϻСö
͸˵úܣվԭؾͱҪȥӡ
СС΢΢һŤͷ㿪ˡ
ūŸϽСǰǿǣһЩ
ΪСҲСѼӣͶںͶĽһЩĵá
İ绹ԱߣոնʢԸ˼䣬һתͷͿͳؾС֣ߣСֹ
֪˵Щʲô
һСȻʮ˳ӵص˲ӣźͱˡ
ֻˣž˵Ҫ
İѡĴҲˣİ緭ʾūǰСǱ
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ǸڴϣϼȦϤŸȫҲһЩ
棬е᲻ƥոպСԣ԰˵ƥС
С̫ո׼ȥСӣȻסˡλ磬үǰλȻֻһˡ
ȱ˭أ
ǰ˵SΪ֣ΪܣȻȱ󰢸ˡ
ɵӶףǺͰүĻġ
С̫Ƕ΢΢ԥһ˲ʢˣﰵһ
ǰ˼ֱӰѺ͸ؾٸˣݸϵİ硣
İϣһ־ͽ˹ǰ
ֱۻţϣ̵ɴ۾
߸ߵϣǰķ羰һӾͱòһˣ
Ұ˲俪̧ȥ·˽£ԶεɫĻϣƲӿ
͸˵ÿЦ꣡棡
İ翴ӿģԾҲЦ
һƬТķΧУİһͷȻͿվĺS
SΧһȦС̫࣬·ĵССӰԵø¶ˡ
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İȻЦˡ
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룬ͷͶİص꣬ǵܵܣӦô
İ絹ûϵ˵仰
һ£˻С޺һȻ̧͵СԴЦЦã
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ʢ棬ŲͰ˵һһ㶵ġ
ôСأ
̫ˣ
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оʵ̫ˣ
İץ˺SΪСէȻĸͷٻе㺦¡
˭֪Sȵһһ߻ףֵӡ
İŶһȦûҼ٣ϾͥŲƹһȦѡ
Ȼһߣһ߽ŻĺSôƥҵġ塢ơ
ĻͲߵԼСƨˡ
Sˣͻͷİ磺꣬ʲôʱһôһƥ磡
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Ȼ죬Ͼ˵˵ˣɤӾЩۡ
İһ߸ѷñˣһߵǳˣһõ
Sţ͸εػһСһţһСߵӡ
ΪǱ˷˺ǰ۶ȥ
ٶȻӿ죬Sһһ˫СֱܵؽسסףŻʧؾͻͷе꣡꣡
ãһףʹʱܵøˡ
汾лΣҲһ׷
˭֪Ʒ־һӣʱ𣬾Ȼܵø׷һ㡣
İͺǳſףS֣
һߺţһ߾ͽһ§ס˶ӵСӣһס


256 

SǾţһʱȻӦȻץס
ʢͿSſϣСбб
ȫƾİں§סӡ
͸Ͻ׷ȥ
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Ӧֻ֮Сȣԭһһ߾۵ͶԺS󺰵磬֣֡
վĵط˳磬紵˹˺SС
ͬʱİڿסٶȻؽ
Χٻ˹жһģۿİ籧źS磬һֿס
һ˻֮С
Ǻһء
Уʢ΢ΣȷؾǰǴģү
İطһְѺSֽԱߵ
˹ڵϣͷ̧ˡ
SڵϣʱһڽŲȴص̤ʵС
İͿڷ˺һ
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İһȣͷСԴʲô¶
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Sɫѿ
ǿͦţź;ʹ˭ˣ˵
ץץԴ˵ʲôֻü΢΢һǰַԼϣͣ𣿡
̧ͷ˼ؾ͵룡
İĿתصͷŶӣ㲻£
ҡҡͷ£
İ翴һ˲ļȻ˰Сǣˡ
СϵĺЩʧֱӣסӾС꣬

˸ŵʱ
ͺ˷ܡ
Ȼһֱһǹ˷ܵľͷûйȥ
ԱߣһֶС룬һſӣ;Ͱѽ췢鿪ʼ˵
ӣһ΢ЦţһָҨ
ǰ滹úõġ
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תͷСӽ˽ϸϸǰһ顣
СӸϽ龭˵һ£ĩ˾͸ٺүûˣֻСԱϹһȦ

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Sӻ֮รͿӲԾˡ
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ǫúSǼ٣ֺİ档
ƶϽġ
žһͽӷϣֹȥŤס˺SĶ䣬ɸֵصûõģ
ԱĬĺǸۻ𣬽ܵܵĶ䱻Ťסˣʱ֣Цรлѧûã
һ˵һͳźSֱ
SĶ䱻รͨ죬һҲͮͮģǺɫֱǵ˲Ӹ
ͼ㿪֣ûáѹ㲻
รˣŶӵӾ͵˿㣬ֻ㻹Ҫȥлأ浱Сǫ㣬޴Ϸأ
ԱߣԳԵЦ¶֮ɫѧ޴
SʹͷССӾĹһš
ͷһūǶĽǶӿ޾ί
ֻίڹˡ
ร΢΢ۣ˼ЦŵԺͷֻĳҲ˵û׼վаţ͵أ֪㰢ȥԭǴ˱Ƚ֮ĵġ¿ɺá㿴㣬һˣ
һ仰Sһ˿ҲذһԱĹž
ֻʣ
СԱߣźS磬̾һ
รȻǺSĸҲֻǸҡ
S磬ȴӷ
㱻̤İƼֻҪһ粨ˡ
ǰȥȰ⼸䣬ȴรһ˵࣬ģתͷӣһ־ؿڵ½һͶʲôԭָһк˵ǵճԭҲǸվģ
SĬ˺ܾãվԱߣ΢΢߬Сȭͷͯдɳơ
ôһ˲䣬СӾվԼǰļǸСˡ
SһһֵǶӲТϢŭ


257 

˯ǰӣ׼ȥ˯ͱСҲܹˡ
Ѿūźϴԡˣͷ΢΢͸ʪϻ˸ɾ£ﻹĹҵľ׽Ÿӡ
Ȼһþһͷײ˶ϡ
ӣһ־ͰѶӱסˣ㣬ɱˤˣ
˵꣬˳ֱȻһ¶ӵߡСϳһЩ
͸ͷܵÿ죬һСһ
ӣūŰС⽱ѣźͽŶСӣȥҴ˱ӣ׼Ȼͻأðһ䣺Ҿôͦ
ӣһͣס˽Ųڴرߣ͵Դʶӵô
ͷ˸Сץűӱأһ̬ûж˵ֻûʲô

ڶϣรó٣ױأչ˷̴󰢸֡ĸС̫Ƕ˹ǰҡ㣬¾˵󰢸Ӳรȥһ
ร͵һ࣬ϵ֬Ųһ룬Ҳ˲ˣ֬оԱȥ
ȥ˶ӵķ
SڴϣССںıԶԶȥԵ˸Сˡ
SรͷͺͺSǰ
ã¶Ȳߡ
ԷһЩģŬԼһЩˣ¡
Sǰ۾ģһۡ
ϣֳη
Ǳܵغˡ
Sŵһ˵һ߾תŬ
ԱߵС̫󰢸ҪϽûɫؾǰҪѥӡ
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ְסӵļ򡪡ӵļС΢΢š
รȶʱͺˡϣԶӰѻ˵ˡ
SֻǸһĺأԼﲻ⣬ǰȫںˡ
ʲô
ร̧ӸӲ˲ͷϵһ麹͵öӣﲻ߶
SһСŬԼĸܣͷε
รתͷūŵȥǰ鷿ү

İڸȥҵС̫ûӣ֮ͱรȥԺҸ
С̫౻һĭӣͷȥԺˡ
Ժɸ˸Ҳรڸ
С̫ѻһ˵รζϽϣȴû
ʲô
ҧ͵ӣֱȥҽҴ򣡡
Ա߾еԥϾСأ
㹬̫ҽһʱ벻ˣҲ븮ҽ
ร˵ӽ£ʳǸõҽģˣƣƸţ״󰢸ôˡҲͿӺȥ
ž;Ҳе
һ˵һ߾СӸϽ׷ȥſүԱߡ
үһ͸˵S顣
ղɡİ类鵢ˣʱƽ١
һİͿรԺСΧֱת
ôˣİʶòӿ˽Ų͹ȥ
Сӿ۷Ź⣬͹ȥѴ󰢸˵һ顣
ͷΣûʲôθڣòţֻ˵ࡣ
СӸ
İһظ·ϣСӣҸ𣿡
СӰѸս˵һ顣
˵ˣЩ΢ĲİȻǺ͸еԶˡ
⻹Ƿأ˫˫İȻĮġ
İû˵ʲôӿٶȡ
˸ſڣһ·ǵߣĵรԺſڣͿรӭ˳
Sôˣİſھʵ
รȻŵS񲻴ãѾ˯ˡ
İ̧Ⱦͽݡ
Sͷϣ۾ôģǺ͸ղร˵ġѾ˯ˡȫһ
İ°ڣڴ
SúӣڡסСС֡
Ȼ͸ܵSҲ˽
ͦ
ٿSɫҲǺСƻ
İ̧ӵĶͷȻתͷ˴˵ȻҽĴֱˡ
Ͻȥ븮ҽˡ
⵱รͼˡ
İ绹ڵͷרעؿŶӣȻоŵһ
̧ͷ
һûรװȴʹǰһȴǰ嵭࣬Ҳࡣ
ֻŨŨǺʹǰһ
ȻױݵţȴóüĿǾ軭ģ֬ˮҲϵױ
İһáӶˣ˼Щ
ױS
㲻ˣϸѬ˺ӡİ΢΢üร͵


258 

รε˵ء
һûİˡ
ղųūȥſүץʱϽױԼ
ѧӣ֣̫޵ױݡ
˼ĺɾǰһڣȻǺôһ仰
รһһס
Ӧ֮Ҳˣؿһίֱۿģһһϳ塣
֡
ү⻰˼ӶˣΪ˼Ծױ֬ˮۣ

ǰûϵʱںԺΨһóˡ
ʱİʹСӣ顣
ͱ˷ˡ
һһŮѾר֮裬Ϊ˵Sˣİ粻һˡ
һΣͲ֪İʲôʱٿСԺˡ
˭뵽Ҳһ졪ȻҪܼһ棡
Ц
รָ̧߬ͷͽίĿͶԱߵСӡ
Сվū֮Уһֱע
̧ˣϽ͸һο
ร֣֪ʲôʱԼأȻԽԽ΢С̫ˡ
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һҽĸϹˡ
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źSС̫һһ˵ˡ
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Ľ۾ǺSΪȥ˺һˡ
Ҳ˾
ҲѰķ纮̫ţȶûУҲܺá
ҩȥҲͲˡ
İţͺܺԼѺǸȥˡ
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û뵽SһھʹӦˣĻϲڴš
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İ͵úӣĻ𣿱£аڡ
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İԱߣžüͷˡ
SŶĺӣ
Сޣôأ
һţһ߾ɨรһۡ
รڴͷӸͷϲź˴仰Ҳһһס
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ǰŽݣūźʶȤĽŴˡ
оˡ
İڴµϣ̧ͷร͵Sô£
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ǰİรȻ㱾;ãյˡ
ȻܿˡǰˣֻǱ
ʣĶôˣ
รָ߬ŬȥЩ绨ѩ´ԺĨȥ
ͨ£̧ͷİүĻشأ󰢸׶үܽΣ
İ̧ʾɤ΢΢˳㡣
รַ̧˷޷ߣ߹һ˿ЦһһֵصS̫˼İ꣡

ЩʱۿźSţİ̧ųรԺӡ
Ȼȥ˸
Ҳӹûãոϴ˸ѡ
洫վӭȥһ߸İϥһ߾͹еصү󰢸ɺЩˣһظϽūǿ˿ⷿⲻ
ָָԱ߳һŽкӣոʰЩһ󰢸ȥ
İ翴һۣû˵
Խˣİݣؾһ˵ĸˣ͹ţϾһЩʱ䣬ƽôҲᵽʱ
ˣŶԿˡ


259 һˮ˲ƽ

ů裬İմĶĺ֮Ա߽͡
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ŵһİĿɨȥͿūѾˡ
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İ΢΢˶㣬ʵѾŵʱˡ
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Ǹô֪ûأ
ɺϰɡ
ͷҲֻ΢΢һ

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֮ūƮŻ꣬Ҷˮźϴ֡
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˵˵ţվӹԱūеĴףԸİҨһ˫Ŷ˵ǰŵү
İ˹Щū
ͷһأлȨǡպSˣֲڣԺūűȥҽݵĴ򣬿ɼƽԺԺĹ
ʼȫעţ棬ĥ⻰ʲôζˡ
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ϥǶȥһ룬ͿվԱ߶Ŭ죬գۣʹɫ
켱ˡ
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ɵɵ
ⱾԼĴôһҲͰѹԼˡ
ֻڿӸģڿӸԼģ
İ̧ͷһ۸
ﵹҲûʲôָ֮⡣
ӣԴһЩΣ˻ȥ
ޢżСŮϲˣһ߷һڸǰһ߾͸΢΢ʹ˸ɫ
ϱһѣ
ˣүڶˣôõĻᡪڿˡ
ԺˡԵĴǶԼĺ
˼ı㽫รϡ
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ûˣȻǺǵĵնһ㿴ǳȻҲġĳǺõģҲԣ̶ŮͲ£ǶӣҶҪšӼЩ
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С
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һ˵һ߾͵͵İ顣
İûʲôԤеһ˿ûС
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İźһţ̧۶һ͵ˣЩЪš
ԺţİһǰԺ鷿ߣһС̫ȥรһκS
ʢ󣬾Ϳİһ·ǣͷǰߡ
ƺƽﶼһЩ

鷿İ緭Сʱۡ
ʢԱߣͲİʼĶ
˰Σİ罫鱾һҶȡƿรȥ
ʢһȻ׹ˡҶ˵ҩĲȴϽǴһӡ
ζɢӪ䷽򵥣ɡ
ζ̫š
Сʱ̰䣬˺һЩĺӣµ˷纮ҲԤȷӵġ
ʢˣİǵĺͰҲ
˵ƫġĻรĶϰ
ֻƫģĻھεĸףҪŬԼһˮƽ
ʢôţصūȥȡ̱ȥ
Ҷ費ҩҲڴⷿǰԺ鷿УǷ㡣
ʢתҪȥȴֱİˣȵȡ
ʢһֻſżϣؾ˻
İüͷ΢壬һ˼ǵı飺ȡȥһʸҽ
ʢŶŶؾʹӦˡ

ӣԺ
صܲ͸磬ůյڵġ
ӣѶˣֻӰɫĵ£˸ӣ۵ףɵڶߣһССļ͸ӣӹ̶š
͸ոϴ裬С˵ģ۾ҲˮѬ÷
ĸڴϣ͵Сڴͷڶϥϡ
ӣȳ˱ӹӹʵʵȻһɾĴӡ
һָӲͷϵˮһ߾͵ůͣˮһҪȫɣ
û֨۾ŴӶ˵ĺɰȻͻأؾ͵ɰˡ


260 

ӣΪԼˣ˵ʲô
һ˫ӶӶˣܿ϶صҸղſɰˡ
ӣ˳ŶӵĿȥͼӶϣɰ΢΢žɫ쳣
ˣɰֹ۲˺һᣬȻЩ΢΢Ľš
òؾֻԺͿŰɣ
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261 

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263 

⻰һʱ䣬Աߵ̫Ů϶¶̻֮ɫ
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264 ĸŮ

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265 侻޺

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žǴŷһԺͷ˵С̫࣬Ҳʼȳ
һʱĻ̡̻
ӣԺСҲʼᱳʹų
֢״ūţȫ͵˸⡣
ӣΪ˱һԶŮʼѬ̫ҽҩݡ
̫ҽֿԤķӣԺȥȻ˵ԤҲǿˡ
⣬ֱʩֻҪ뵽ģӣȫ
磬͹һʵڱˣܵίίľͿ˵Ҫ˯Ҫһ˱
ӣںöѣӿˣֻһŶӵıһߺôһأźأ
ҡҡͷ͵û˼ūֻ˵Ǹﶼˣ
һ˵ţһ߾һƨ˴ϵһϡ
׿Щ죬ƺ֮ǰģڵĵطҲʮأͱѶֿϴһξ롣
ģȥʮ˳ƤԼͷԡ
ûԼ£ȻͷЩ
̧ͷͿֶϵĺɰһһĿ⡣
;ȵĵɴ۾
ӣתͷָöÿ·÷ŵʲôط˶˭Ҳûע⵽ߴϵ
ȵһӣ۾һ£Ȼ;ȫѪҺˡ
һľҵ
ϿյġͲˣֻкɰµӣ޷ȴ΢΢ҡš
֮ϣһףɫ⡣


266 η

ӣӦ֮󣬵һ¾һѳ˴ӣϵ˸ʵʵ
Ȼ͸ϽöȥˣҷԸ֮˭
öлŲѣոʰһ룬Ȼԣɺվ
ŵذѷһϣžʹš
ӣۿȥˣƿ˴ӣСסǺɰͺͣͣŻ
ɰûκζ
ӣļ֮£뵽һֿܡ᲻Ƕһʱ굽ȥأ
Ҳпܵģ
æҵľ˴ڵϲͷ׿
ʵģ˵ȥһˣСҲȥ
ӣֱ;ǰֱðǡˣСԼһؿռȥˣ
ļһŴϵǼףȻӦȻͿؾ֮УΪʲôǰһףҲ׷ȥأ
뵽ӣϽǼףϴ
ǰνռ䶼ڰΰ֮䣬ｹѹ˯š
ãӣǿһ˯⡣
ڣһƬ֮䣬ӣԼǴĺɰһĿ⡣

Ƭ֮Ѿؾ֮ˡ
СɺǰʱһģһϵĸɫζƷ޼ȥҲӷḻˡ
ӣﻹ˼ϸϸȥЩƿƿ޹ޣ
ٵرŻܣ첽һߣһ߾͵ͣͣ
ϽȻһϡϡĶ
ӣ۾һһ٣ǸطĻܱܹȥͣ
ܹŻܣǰȻһڵϵСޡ
Ǻ͡
ӣͷһɣۿһȣֱӾͶ˫סû޳ͣˣ
һͷӣͿȫɫĽϡ
ﻹźôһֻװɿĹӡ
ɿĸѾˣ͵С棬ָմɿ͵ߡ
ýζ
ӣժԼǰ½ϵӣȸӲ˲ǣְ۵ճŵɿҲɾˡ
һˣһ߾صζãСŷĻãҲ
һ˵ţһ߾;ٹС֣ͼɿӣҲһ
ӣסӵС֣Ȳ㣺ͣôģ
һֻɾСץץף͵Ҳ֪Ҵ˶ף;ú˯ˡ֮͵ˣżȻȥԵóԵ˵
һ˵һ߾ָ̧Ż˵һɫ潴ضһСȣһҪǸҹء
ӣʹˣ
̧ŶӵСԴͣ㲻𣿡
̧ͷȫעĶŻܶ˵潴Ծ͵£ΪʲôҪ£﷢ҲˣضѰңҵžˡ˵ˡ
˻СԴתͷӣСƵ渵ҽ£˵ĿճǼơԵ˴ƽȴӼȻӺҲˣ
ӣ˴ɿһ۵գãȻȥ˵
ͱڻСȣƺе㲻Ըֱֻס˻ܣĬĬĵͷ
˺һ̧ͷС󣬶ӣصһɣȥѽūﶼȥҶˣ
ӣѶӱ˾͵˵ز˾

ĸӴӣϻǼؾСס
ϽС׼Ϳﻹɿӡ
ɿһž޴״Ө͸Ҳ͸ģǺÿ
ͱźϲ
ӣ˴ö˸ɾĴӽ
öŵʱСҡβҲˡ
öŵʱ˳ְѹȥ־͵
С⽿ĵҡβͱȥˡ
ֻʣĸ˺С⽣ӣԼ˴ŵź͵棬ɿһһ׵Ҩ˹֮С
һظɿӡ
ɿȫɾǹ󻯳һǺӰĹâһأںʧˡ
С⽳ʧķ͡һ
͵ɴۣǰһС
ȻսȭͷеĹָɳѾˡ
⡭̧ͷͶӣе
ⲻ
ӣ̧ס˶ӵ죺Ƕͺ֮ܣ֮ǰ˵˵ġ˭˵ȥŶ
˲̧Сָ֣ڶֱϣĵ˵ͷ֪
СԱߣҡë׵βͣɻȿ˿ˣֿ˿Сˡ


267 

ʱ򣬺SĲǿȶסˣûٶȥ
Ȼûж񻯣Ҳûкת֢״
รʹ֮࣬ҵľǣԺūŶˣССĶûȾϡ
ӷ
Ͻǲһ˵ı飬ҩרС̫ҽ̫ҽԺһλרζĽ촿覡
ӿʮ̫ҽԺԽĴͽȵ𡪡ΪʱĽֶǸරҽڴ˵ء
˵үڹ촿־ֱ˵á覣ԢⲻȬͷ°̺
Ҳģ
촿Ҳˡ
в鶻ƼҽݵĴһո
ŵǣͬһ磬
䣬ҽȻ̫ҽԺǺĴʿҽɹҽһΪʵЧ
˵Ҳҽ
ƽʱµͨ£ֻʱ򣬲ŻүĵǲΪβ
һӣSŶתˡ
⣬͹ĵҲǲרӶǰĻ˵úSͷ֮£˯ѹסɱӻǡ
รǧлĽˣϽȥ˺Sͷ档
İ縮˶һ£İҲϽȥˡ
鷿Ҳȥˡ
ҲѾൽ˸˳鷿ʱ򡪡棬󰢸硢̫үѾͲȥ鷿ˡ
ֻһѧ绹겻꡵عȥ
İǰԺȻ飬˼ȴﰵͺûЩúֶ
ǶŮȷʵСЩټϡֶһķա
̫ҽҲȰõȰ΢һЩ֡
СС磬϶ǳԽ׳Խǿ
İһϡ
ʵ뷨ҲһС
Ʃ̫үļС񣬶ǵֶ͸ˡϵꡣ
Ҫǰվ飬ֶĺӱҪ֮꣬Ͳʺˡƻϡ
ȻҲ˲¡
󰢸ĳӺšո꣬󰢸ͽȥܱظʰֶּˡ
ŷӦرҡк˺ü죬ȥ˰
ոϿ޶ˣİĸ˵˵ȥʱʱϣ֮˵˵ͻᳶ¡
ƽʱһϣһᵽܵۿͺˡ
ĸףʮպ޴󰢸ģ޴󰢸һСִѼΪǡ
󰢸ϣбĲรиǡ
ÿŮ˵ĶӶпܸ
Ƕ˵žȫ
˵Ǹĸ׶֮ػǲһġ
Դ󰢸£ںϵġ
ĸÿεʱ򣬾һŤҡûкӣĳϣۿŶĥľ׵֮䣬ﵽһƽ⡣
ΪСԺ¡˵鼱֮£ȻײӣϹء
ǸԺ˰СӰסʮ塣
ǿˡϾSδδรѾˡ
Сл˸䣬һȳһյĻȥˡ
รʱȥҩְС̫רŸСҩ
ӾΪSˡ
ӣԺ
ԴСӳ컪֢״֮ţСҲʼͷˡ
ȣǲӺ۲
ҪԱָŷˣȻŵһԶСӻ֪Ҫòܷء
ոȾ˶ūţᱻͳȥơ
ūۿСҵرǰ鷿˹ˡ
˵ǴʵҲϡ
ūһı˴˿˿
˭Ҳ֪һֵ˭
죬θԺһרֻԺſ÷˵ĴʹŮʼȡ
˵Ůˮӽʪ˷ϣܲɻأˣű˷֡
˸˳ȥ
ণľԱӣֱ޲ðѶרŲ
÷ŵһ׵ĸвϸĵطźá
ͳûע⣬ǰǰؽؿռüΡ
ԽԽˣһȻСó񲼴ӰǰһҲ˽ȥ
ӣŶӣȻͶ˶⸮ôȥĵ컨ʱöӶؿռ᲻ᷴȫһЩأ
ϾؾͱոѹͲһʱա
ոҲûܽȥؾ
һƬմȾľ
ôˣҲͲ֮ǰֹͽؾˡ


268 Ϧ

İӲӣͺǣ˺üΡ
ҲֻԶԶġ
߽һ߽ǴΣա
ÿİʱӣͰѺǱſڣǸԶԶĴк
ͻС־͵꣡Һ㣡
İ翴ӣ̲סЦˡ
Цͬʱ̧̧֣ʵͶӴк
ΪҪԼ
̨׾İⷽ
ҿūǴӺסˡ
İҲģˣվԶͶҪĻúõĴڴ˴Ҫ
ͱ˱סǰˡ
ֻСǰİ磬е꣬ҪʲôʱҲܳ
İŶ⣬ֻǿЦһ¡
Сʣ磬Щ𣿡
İվԭأĬԡ
ӣּûİ࣬ҲһȦ
˵ײϣİĬؿã̾˿ź°͡
ӣ֪˼ȥֱӣİ͵үģһչ˺úǵġ
˵꣬ūŰԼĿøİ硣
İ翴ģĶһ
ӣϽͣүڶϵģôһף͹̶סˡ滹Ѭҩݡҩĩۣζһ㣬ϰҲͺˡ
İϵĿ֣ʢæԼŴˡ

죬ͽؿռʱԽԽʱһܴϰ졣
ӣʵﵽ׻ǲĵģⶻŰԺ˵ʲôʱѾ˲θȾߡ
ȨȡᡪӵؿռǿȾ컨
ǽأÿĸҺ͵ʱӣǻȥ˵Լû˲ع
ūҲֻΪǸรһ
ˣ֮󣬺SϵĶ͸ϲ
ν͸ϲ̫ҽԺҽٵ˵ָ֮ڵĶ͸Ƥ˳ͱ˶Ϯ壬ڶ
Sһֱ£ܿĺ㣬һһŹ౥**񶼿ʼת
İϽš
˵Ҳʮָˣǲ˼ҩĹ
SĲһȶ
Ϸ͸һһ׵ιҩһιһ߿ޣöӣ֮ǰǻͷˣԭǰ˵㡪ǧŻˣһˣҲҪȥˣ
SСȴҲ־Ȼղಡ齣ʮܣӸǻȻ߬˱СȭͷŬҩ֭

󣬺Sڿµˡ
ŵգźSĿڽȥ
ԺҲһ컨ɲСеļǶųˣҲǺġ
һҲηĺܣŲŶء
һʰҩ䣬ʼ׼뿪ոİʹ˼λǲ˰̫ҽͻ̫ҽԺ
ΪİиԺʱһӣȵȷûµĲ֢һлָ
ӣҲôġSŸոպãݲð⡣
᳹İúͳؾԼԺطҲ׼ȥ
ƵذԺٱС˱˽
ȻϣĴݣݣ߶š
һߣһ߶ӣ֣µصȥһˡ
ڣ˳Ϧ֮ʱûµĲ֡
һӰǹȥˡ
ΪSԭ򣬹ﰴչأϦ磬İĸҲǲܽˡ
ǷѵõأİڳϦ죬ڱոﳹͷβزμ˼硣
ڸSҲรˡ
ԶԶġ
θҲһȻϲͣؿŴ󰢸ǿи˽ȴԴϼ׼ȥS磬Ҳ
̧ͷSĶѾ𣿡
θһ۾͵ͱ˭֪Ƕû¶Ц𣿡
翪ϯʱǰʱ֣ⳤµĻȫǴƵĻƣɫȴף֮󣬻ϸڴҲȫ͸˳ɷǺÿ
ͺS֣ڳžȥҵõһЩĻӡ
һֻӺSǴ֣׼ѵܱܵ
SչС֣׼ôԼ
ԱߵūŻһæǰʹãʹãϸˤ˶磡
Sϯ䣬Ķż̧ͷһۡ
ȻֳĬŵͷ
յڵƻ֮¾ԼԼռϵӰӡ
SԼϣƾ˺Щӡ
һһţ


269 еׯ

ոչ꣬أİּ˵ҪԼĴ񡢶񡢶綼ֶ
뵽Sһεգİֱҹ˯ϲۡ
ֶ飬ǲˡ
ΪͻСֶʱҲûּ
ּܿظָͨиΪֶ
λͨУ֮ǰҲֻǸƷ֥٣Ϊֶ̫й֮һ·ƽƣӴ¡ΪĲٺ˶
Ч
ֶǰһϣİӣ
ʹǰһӱˣʱĲֺ
ֱӰõˡ
ӣϸϸؽˣÿԣǱҪūǵĿ²УⲻþҡãҲȥõĿڱǣúιԡ
ֱͷİɣء
⻰˵ľСˣӣţȻЩпʱšһһڳ
ʱҲ˵һЩ򵥵ˣǶ
ãһ˵ˣ񡰶ǡ
ӣǣ
ۡ
Ȼͣȴϵõġ
񱻺ͱڻһ˫ˮһӿŸ磬оͲϵ硭硭磡
͸˻ˣС̺Ӱð˸ʵʵȻС̺ӣһõС첲һõСѾСְֶƵģڻһ߳һǰҡš
ӣķԸҡķҲ̫
İʱ򣬺ͲҲˣūǸźλСӻ˯
İ翴񱻱ȥ͵ºãٴһЩչãܰء
һ˵һ߾סӣ֡
˻һֿۣһԶŮһЩٺҡ
űȽ嵭һӣ潴Ϻ桪ƬŶˣеǺڣϺʳҲ΢΢Щ壬Ϊأٵ֭ͺںۣҲθ
潴ǺʹؿռóġǶӣӣôҲ벻ֿζġ
ţ˽ݣû˵䣬ȻȻľƵֶ
İϣĿӣķ򣬰οֶڴ˴غ£Ϊֶĺӣûһ٣Ҳаʮˣټôľ飬¡ȵǶ˶ǴϺӣȥߡȻ˵ţʵҲ̤ʵ۰ĶӣҪǴˣֻ¾컨϶ԽԽܲһֱСԺ
˭ֶ
ӣˣȥַİϣ⣬תעʱȥĶ棿
һ˵һ߾ظӺſİļϡ
İס֣Լ󣬾͵ʰڳеµׯӣвٿ콨ˣ羰ǲͺǶϲο
ӣһİ˵е¡֣еˡ
˵ʷϵĳе±ɽׯ
ǱɽׯӦûô簡
İתͷ̧ӣ͵ʰ꽨ЩׯӣԱΪ˱ܿûǸõضˬˣҲȣ羰ľǸԶ쳾磬ȥ棬Ȼϲ
ӣ̧Ҳϲ
İգָָĦ°ͺʹ
Ȼͷȥס

ΪSöĽ˷ɵȱڣֻǷֱ˺һӶ˼֮ڶ죬İ֮ʱӣѹģڱƽ˼𡪡պǶҪֶˡ
ֱӰŸ˽Сţֱ˴ϡ
Ҵææ֮ӣԼãϽȥźϴ
ͶԼġֶһ㲻£෴мֺڴ֮ġ
͵ǰԺʹ
ȰȰ˵ǰͶѾˣȻֵ
ӣò࣬ѾˣǾܺãҲرƣžĿֵӡ
ӣˣİ˵˵Ϊֶ˵Ļ̫ӣմ֮󣬴˺;˳衣
һรСȺй֮վͳźЦеգգ۾
ͱСϵģ˳ЦеɬȻŸҲЦˡ
ȻǸرСϲʰ
˺͵ݣ˾ʹҩóһֻСƿصĶ֣ǴһıȽϡ΢ûκζ֢״ĺȡ衣
ȵ⺢ӷʮʱ򣬾ͰЩռɹɣװСƿƿӿڷá
УƿһҪǵýġз϶ƿĶҪʧЧˡ


270 Ѫ

ƿĶСǰǰȡĿ飬мһ㣬޲Ȼ˺͵ıǿ
ҩˡ
ӣԱߣŶӵС֣Щϰ¡
Ϊ񿴳ˡ궻֮͹
˵ร̫ġѾ֮еޣο״Ҳãǲд󰭵ġ
Ϊһ˵һ߾ĬĬĴŶ͡
ֲүٸֶԲŷ
λรи
˵˵ӣ͵С֣ӣڸоô
סӣ֣󣬱߶Լûϵ
˸޲˵ü
Ȼʹ˸춯ص磺硪
ǻһ壬޲ʱ˳
ԱźūŶһæҵҪȥ񣬸ΪϽҪҪ
һ˵һ߾ʹҩҩղһ㣬޲¸˱ǿס
һһ߾͸รͣΪʲôҪ
ΪһĶеζŨͶҩһ𣬾͸׻ؽǻ֮С
ƷǽԲĶǻҲ޷
Ϊһ˵һ߾΢΢ĶԺ͵磬ǧҪᡣԵҩԻѪᣬѪ
ͱ̧СԼı⻰һۣȻʵʵİַˡ
ӣӵСԴһ͵͸ˡ
Ϊ͵ҵҵรأأ
ӣź͵С˿ȻʸΪ񣺡޲ҪڱǻأܲҪϺüɣ
ΪæรĻչ⾰ӡ׼ȷЩڿʼʱȡ̵ֶ֮һˡ
ʢţʱ˼䣬รū͸˻ǰԺȥ
ӣ֪ǸΪҪȥǵ˵ͷ
ΪȥǰԺ֮ҽͽָŷҩ
ڸõҩǺ춹ڶ̶ʲĩϸۣټ÷ꡢ˿ϸɵҩ
ֶĺȡ
Էʱ򣬺ſԱߣͺܿյС°ͣСƨƨŤŤȥӱţҶԲ·ˣ
ӣתͷ˿ӣοӣ˿ˣѾȥһʱˣһʱóˡ
ͳüشӦһͷ
ƽʱԷʱϲģΪֶʼӣҲϼǱߵĸ֡ʱֶͲӴˡ
ͱŸ޻أͷ
Ҳǽҽֶڼ䣬ʳҪ嵭޴̼
ŷ룬ûʲôʳս˿ӣתת顣
ӣŶӵı飬Ͳµ롪Сӹ뵽ؾȥЩɿʲôġ
ȥڶӶߣȥСӣ
㬵صͷؾһ
ȻȻñǻһȣһů϶¹ᴩ
һͷͿԼϥϵСֱϣžડһʺѪ
ȻһΡ
Ѫúܿ죬˲ֱϻΣ͵СһĨȥһƬĿġ
ͽˣСס˱Ӿؽ
ӣָ̧ʢأһ̧ͷͿк촽϶Ѫ
ɴҲ͸һɫµΡ
Ҳһˤˡ
ǲֳܱӵǸĸ˽ˣӸžͻš
תͷͺСӣϽȥǰԺѸΪ
Сһţ̧۾ײһ°͵Ѫ
Ҳһ£Ӧ֮תһ̵ؾͱȥˡ
û££ղŲ˵𡪡ѪȣղǲˣѪ
ӣһ赭д˵ţһ߹ȥӰѹֹѪһֻӸӲ°͡
Ѫһĸ׵Ķˣ
ͿһƵᡪƺǺһ£ǺܿҲ
ŵǶ˴ĻӴˡ
һ˵һ߾¶˳ݷѪǷ˳кϴģͺĭһ
û¶
ӣһ˵ţһ߾͸Ӽѹţһʱ˭ܣܲһʱҲеġ
ӣԱߣϽ˹ȥָ˸ɾֽ
ӣҡҡ֣ʾⲻˡ
һֻս˶ӵС֣ͣ¡
̧գգ۾˵ͷ


271 

ΪǰԺ鷿ڴ
մ򣬴ǵһֶģʱҲǵһġ
СܹϵԺӣūǼรˣҲ
СǰȥѸֱӸߡ
ֵذѶѪ˵һ顣
ΪҴҳʲô¶أһǶѪһ
¶ֶĺѰ
ȻѰΪǼҴҵʰҩ䣬ҪСߡҲЩˡ
Ͽһ㣬żˡ
ȻżȴΪŸΪҴææؾ͸Сӳȥˡ
Ǻͺúáĺùĺãվݻġ
վԭأӽһţҧһ½ţŻȥŮ
ڴϣѾЩˣﵹǺģŷŵĶС֣׽ס֣ϣ͵ܵôˣ
۵ظŮҴҴӣȴ˵ڣ󻯳һ̾ȹԸɣ
ΪӣԺʱ򣬺͵ıѪѾֹסˡ
Ϊ²쿴˺͵ָ޲˵޷ǱѬġ
ϵʱ򣬺ͽڴ棬Ҳʼ˵աֶӦҩǿ֮˻ᷢա
Ҳǡ̵Ŀʼ
һĻ˵ʱ򣬼Ͼͻᷢٵġ΢Ķ
ڶǽлʱҲҪĶԴһһҩ
Ƿ̲ҩ
ȵֶĺȫ֮ҲʹӴ˶Զˡ
Ժ󾩳Ĵ죬ζģҲηˡ
Ϊ̶ӣ˵һ飬ȻǿͰ緢գ˵ʼ˹ؼĽ׶Ρ
Ϳʲôʱ򷢳ˡ
Խ磬ԽΣաƩͷΣԾͺܴ
ܾŷ˵ֶܳɹ
Ǵġ
ӣ뿪ʹǰ粽ϣŶӵС֣۾һգգضź͵С
Ȼʱʱȥ̽һ̽Ӷͷ¶ȡ
ãȵĲֻǵնѡ
һİҲǰԺˡ
˵ͿʼˡȻ֪ǱؾĽ׶Σİһĵ׻Ǿ
ȥͿ˯ڴϣ죬ͷҲֻ΢Щȡ
ǰһӺSĶͷպ̿Ƶġ
Sʱ˯ʡ£ȴֻؿڴͷ
ۡ
İˣʶСӾǰ㣬İ꣡
İְӣϣͽ͸ͣ£㡢ͬһֶҲڷȡֹ⼸ͺˡ
ŬԼ赭дһЩ
͵˵ͷ꣬ҺˣȥҴ档
İͷЦЦˣȥׯ桪Ⱦ˼ׯӡ
һ¾ͱעֻСֳ̽һ㣬ͷȲİ磺ׯӣĶ
İû˵ֻĶԲĺס
תͷѹӣϣȥЪһЪū˵Ŷûã
ӣһʣعҲ
Ĳע˶ϣһ˿һĸоûС
İҡͷʳ򣬱ǲ˵㣬ҲЩ
һ˵һ߾һְϸˣڲȥֻۣ˼ǿζ
ӣɼǣߡ
һߣһ߾Ͳסػͷĸ֣˶磬ʲôң
˸ϽϥӦˡ
ݣӣͿϣöѾš嵭ζ
һȥɫ̾ѩס
£ֻ˸ûθˡ
İ֣ߵǰ¡
ö״ʱͺɫʢһС˫͹
ӣһڣŲ嵭ʵһЩͻȣúܡ
ҨĿڡ
İſӣȴûţֻԱ߿ԣʱʱֹȥ󲱾ֻ̾Щ
ӣ˵ͷո׼һ׷ССԼԼ
ӣվˡ

ӣţİ˵ԼҪȥԺӺԺӡһ񣬶
ֶ֮ķôˡ
ӣ
İһͷͿӣصͷָȴʶ߬ûš
Ժҹֹմʪ
İȻӣԼǰ˹ͷһүǡ


272 

İôһ˵ӣ̧ͷЦˡ
İͿЦﻹм
ҲЦˣָ̧ӣ˷ޱߵ鷢ֱȻתȥˡ

Ժ
Ҳڷգûθڣֻ˵ࡣ
ҪˬŴ࣬ʲôŵ֡
ŮȥŷˡʱʳﻹݾŴ׸⡣
ūŮǰžҡͷ˵ҪԡԲ¡
θַŮ˿Ŵ
һ磬ӣ廨ƵûԼڣͰӷˡ
ǰĵƻ
θ񲻷ĵĶͷ͵ôˣ
Ȼ̧ͷһ᲻Sһӣ
θ˳סŮС֣͵˵ӣSزһֶֶͬûôա
ԼȻ³Ľë˵ˡ
θ̾һֱϷŮĽëرŨܣСƵġ
۲˵ʱ򣬵ƻӰϣӰ䣬
θҧҧϻǴŰο΢Цȴζˡ
˭֪᲻أ
ǹң˻Ҫˡ
ϵĶ۳Ͳ𣬾͸˼־
ϾҪôӣܱûǿ
ôţϾЩЦˡ
ӸĺģʱѾЩˡ
ŶϵıǿͲµ﷽˵ġӡǰοԼ黰ˡ
ŮӼǰһ뵽SϵӡԼϣۿתˡ
洫ūŵĴİˡ
۾һվ͸Ͻӭ˳ȥ
ŸոյſڣͿİѾǵ˽
æϥ£ү밲
İ˰֣˼Ȼö˵һ䣬ֱӾͽȥŮˡ
ڴҲĶ
С֣ӣֻһ£СڵϵţȥСЬӡ
Ȼһ̧ͷѾˣ֪ڴϸϽİͷ
ɳƵصŮ밲
İ翴ŴôС;ô¡ڷղҪһ˿
ϸЦݣ
İȻЩѹˡ
˹ȥԼ¶ȰЦݣĶͷ
ȻҲǵȣǱȺ͵¶ҪһЩ
ɫãûյĺ˵ֲ̬УƽʱĲ԰ס
İ˳Ů°£ͻȻͷ棬Ƥһ΢΢ĳɫ
ǰƤȴķɫ
⳱ɫһխֱͣͷסϸ۲죬Ʋһϸһ㣬ȥһֱ쵽
İͷ͵³ȥ
˵ж
θѾͰ͵ĸˡ
ϿİͷлҪ˵ӭˡ
ŬԼߵĸһЩѳһ׵Цϸľ͵⸮Ӷֶүһ챼ȥȻʮˡүɣ
İģֱӼ򵥴ֱĴ񿴹û
θ⧲ʲô
İֱü͵ǽź򿴿ϣ쳣
˵꣬ͳȥرˡ
ǺܿͽˣƬ֮ʱɧ
ǿ첽߳θİǰͨһž͵ү񡭡ϳˣ
һ߬ŵӾ͵ڵء
һƿŮ˴ǰļٵذŮϱһƣɿͿϣĵĲλԼԼʼ˺ӡ
һƬĿġ
뵽Ϊ֮ǰ˵ġֶӳǼ֮ס
ǰһڣŴӲվӣİѾȥ˹
ϳӾͲŵүڵʱ˵һжãһжã
˵ˡǵʱรԺСӼææ˵ǺͰѪˣȻӲذѸ˸ˡ
˱ǿԼָǣϸġ
ʱҩ䶼һ룬ǻϵĹģ
Ǻ͡
΢΢ָ߬
ϵĶֹѪ͸Ů

Ϊܿˣ˵Ѿ˺ҲһʻӺ͵£ҩϱѼҩ˳
Ͻ£Ҫ죡һ߰īδɵֽŵݸūţһ߶

ӣԺ˵ϻǼŲ˯˵ҪȰ
ֻС߬űӵıߣ۰Ͱ͵Ŵϵĵ񻨡ֻҪˣԺͻж



273 

ӣʼ˼䣬ִҪȰꡪȷʵȰ
ūǳȥˮӽͷڶͷϣּһϡ
ûг
ӣžͷ˰ġ
ͷϣִŵĵŵţ;ƤԽԽ
Ƥճһ
ӣ˯ˣƱȻŸö
ö⣬ŵϨ˰ӵĵƻ
Ĺ߶ʱİ
ӣڴߣŶӵС֣׼ôڴһҹ
öߣܵͺĵรū˰ת齰ɣ
ӣҡҡͷ
׼ôšֹܷҹ̫ƣȻ˯ȥˡ
˯˲һյ蹦򣬺ȻССһ˹
̧С۾ȵӦĹ֮еɨһȦʧӣ껹û𣿡
ͷֹҶ˯һˡ
ӣָҴҴӣغС˯һᣬ㣬ֻҪһ㣬òã
͵˵ͷ
ɨһǵӡֳִεδָҹԵ÷
ǽ̹ôϦӵġ
Ϳһӵʱ䣬Ҳ֪ʱˣӹһ˿ʧ겻᲻˰ɣ
ӣűӣ˶ҶССţӦǣֻҪû⣬һ
ȵ˯ţӣͰСӺˣֻ˵ҹһþУ̫ࡣ
Сȥˡ
ԺСŷรֺãҹαҪȥŷ
ร˼ȥİʲô״
ȻˣСӻʳС

ûãػˣʳбſڵö˹ȥ
ӣôݳСǰȥͰѴӵ˵ˡ
˺λθԺūҲСֵܣ˵Σֻǲ̫
Сӿžľ˵ˡ
ӣ˺һ뵽ͺĿĵӣ̲ס͵ͷ̾һ
ȻͷСȥˡ
ӣûϵǡҹʱʢˡ
רŴİ˼˵Ǵڲб䣬ȶԽԽǶһݣİϿ϶û˼ˡ
ӣͺЪ£Ҫš
ӣȻ֪˴飬ĬĬţ˵ͷ
Ȼ˰ʢͳȥˡ
һֱߵſڣʢ˵
ص㡣
ͻﴲϣ˯ðΰ֮䣬ԼԼʢ
Ϊǰˡ
һƱӣڵͻϲغ꣡
ƽʱǴЦŰٸ߸ߣǰ۰رϥϣһСԴһĵغ˵ְ־д֡
ˣ
Ժǰζʹ󰢸͵͵Թ˵ǰ̫Щǰ⺦¡
ͲǣһҲ࣬ɺˡ
롣
ӣ涯ȥͿ;ȻҪӴ
һ룬øոŤתӣСƨƨŴ棬Сֱ졣
Ա֣ĸȰź͵С
ӣ߹ȥȻģ׻̧͵Դ˵ʵˡֶЩѣ񲡵
һʱȰѰ֮Ժˡ
̧һСܽŵӣ͵ôˣ𣿡
ӣذѶӱ˱ѣŵ̫ҽǶڣ㲻£ģȹ˺Ը
СֹԹԵ§סĲӣüͷ͵ƽʱҩȥЩõģȥɣ
ӣһߴӦţһ¸Ҵ˱ӽǡ

Ժ
ۿŴŨīһҩ֭Ϊһθ
θԱߣһԹźͣһ߾ͿΪüͷ塣
üĴƶˡ
ҹɫīҹѾˡ
İݡ
ϥǣվ˸Ϊ񼸾䣬Ȼ׼ȥһ¶񣬾ͻǰԺ鷿
ȫֻ͸ˡ
θİĬĮ̆ףһֱԺſڣȻ󹧹ضӹ͡
ʵղмΣ嶯ûߡ
ԾԾˡ
ȥ
ǳİǡĴŮ˽ѣʵԭɲء
รˣּϸΪб𣬰ݸ߲ȵ͡
ڵβ
˵أ
ϾүʢรͺͰ硣
״ҲֻͽİϵķС
Ƕˣ۵ĻǴ
ףȻԼó裬ֻҪĿǰ˳΢İǻԴһεġ
һԸ׵ĿǷδΪ񱣼ݻ


274 ˳ϲ

磬ϵĶ˳ҵǣûʲôۼֻڿĵط˼ССĺ
޽һЩͷڵסҲͿˡ
Ϊͼ̫ҽڷһġǶƤⷢȥҪϮࡣ
Ȼӣ˵յʱѾȥˡ
ϢİҲǸˡڴϻ᲻ӡİ絹Ƿǳƽϡ
Ůѵޣ
Ϊ֮ǰͺSһԺٲЩ壬һֶôգȻҲͦǰʱڳ˶
ֻ°Щۡ
Ҳڵˡ
Ķ۱㶼᳤ֱӳ˺󲱾һѹʲô
Ȼ󣬼ӵȶҲˣֻСϸʳַŴƵıԪƢ衣
ʱڶӿԭרʷϴˢƥССūͣ˶ȴԣ
ʱ򣬺ǽȬˡ
ΪþգϽ౨˿˵˴ֶν˳ϲǺͰ磬Ȼŵȣܳ˯ûʲôӰ죬Сʵ
˸ˣȵİʱ򣬾˵ⳤи
İһ֪ʰԼӺʹŪˣЦŽһ¡
Ͼʰ̫ܼ࣬ǵѾܲˡ
Ȼʹ˺Щټ͹ʹ͡һҩġСʲôģıո
ȥĵ죬İ˰ѶȫַԺˡ
ıոһƬϲŸİüЦ
һˣ˵ŶԭҲûôúù˵ٹ£Ŷʱ򣬺Ժúףһ
İ粻ÿɷ
ӣԺһص졪ֿʼص˰ϢתСӣÿϴ֮󣬺Ծľȥˡ
С֮£СĶ˶űʣһ˿дš
ӣ΢ЦվſڣŶӵıӰȻԼȥŷоĥµĲʽ
ĸ˸æģרġ
ʱôĵعȥˡ
Ⱥд˴֣СŷһԼŤСһ߾Ͳӣ˵ԼȰѴȥ͸꿴
ӣֻ϶ǿɿɷֱۣĶ۵СգƸոջûãæأȥĻδпա
ͺܵľ΢΢һСԴңԶпյģ
ӣҲƵĸ㣬ǺСӺöְѸװʳУȻźȥǰԺ鷿ˡ
һ·ı˰ǰԺ鷿ǿǰԺС̫ǶѵЦ˵Ļһ㣬ؾ͸һÿš
ͰСȣ粻żС̫໹Ҫǰ
СӵһۣǰȥְѺ͸ȥˡ
ողŷȥ;Ϳ˰ô鷿
İ꣡
һ֣öеʳУ߸˵ؾԭضСŽţһİʳоٸ߸ߣд󺰣꣡꣡
ź䣬ٿֹסˡ
߸һˣݣӱ͵һֵƵǺͰһģһ
İӵĽعͷһǺͣ϶ʱ¶Цݡ
ҲŻعͷʮ塣
ʵͼʮĻҲ࣬ڹڵʱġҲΪʮͰߵýһ
İǰӵСԴĿŵʳУЦžͳԵ𣿡
͵˵ͷصǶģ
İֽӹʳУ΢΢򿪣ż硪һ㡣
Ǵһӵ㣬ȵҲûˡ
ϺõŴ桢˾ɽҩɳѩ׵СһſʳУ渲ŷɫһꡣ
»ŵɫҶƬ̶ɳġ
İʳУָָԱߵʮ͵ʮ塣
ͱڴʮ磬ôһ˵תӣɵغʮ壡
ʮ绹ֻǸʮ꣬䶼δ
ͷźͿɰСĸһСüĿ֮ơ
ʮ̲ס͵ͷһЦ
쵽Ц̺ϲ˳ˡ
۵С֣ǣסʮӣֳһȵЦʮ壬Ҫܴܲҳȥ棿
ʮһû˵İԱ̾һǰֶǶƻˡ
ӵͷ˺һۣȴǺЦģҿˡǰӵĿҵ˵ɡ
ʧءŶһȻ뵽ʲôƵġ
Դڻ˼£Ѵڻһ˳ż⣬ؾٸ˽İ磺꣬ҽдĴ֣дһŶ


275 ڱ

İһſȥȴ˶ʵȥ׵ʱŸðѶǽӵǰ鷿Ͽˡ
ֻ˭Ҳû뵽˶顣
һתĸСˣϿεҲˡ
ůãҲǸʶʱˡ
ôţһ̧ͷͿͲ֪ʲôʱѾʮ硣
ˣһһСԺӵĲԶš
ʮó˼ʽԱŽžֱƵʮ壡ңң
ʮЦջ֣ĺ͵ıľ͵Ȼͷϴʱʮ̵û࣬İɣ

һϣǸȥŵӡ
İϣһţһ߾͵ͺͺͺSͲˡǵ˸öʱ򣬸׼һūȥⷿϣ͵ǰԺ鷿ȥ
ͷ⻰΢΢һ˳صүģүȥ˱ǡ
İſӣһ˼顣
̧ͷͶԸѡһģһĹƲźá
ͷ
˱ڵ£ĬĬԵһš
İߵʱ򣬸ͳ뵽괺죬ＴʼŮѡİ磺үѡ㡭
Ļһ£ﻹǷᣬû˵
ǵոأҪʰүûҪ˵˼
˵˭˭˭ҵŮ˭˭˭ãȢҲǸ
УǱߣȵѡʱҲиޡ
Ȼɬǵĵոˡɷ˶ʼɣϡ
İźͺͺS飬˼ȫ档
ʣһ£ҡҡͷصá
ĵװԳһӷ
һ¾ɿˣЦҲˡֱƲס
Ųӯ̨ףİ絽⣬ϥʮصү
İӸȥСԺӣͺˡ
Ժڱūźϴӣİ̧ʾ⡪˲Ҫͨ
ȥһ۶ӣϱ棬˯
Ȼ͹ȥˡ
ӵʱӣߣһһ߳衣
˵øֱЦЦһ룬ÿİ
ʱͰضŰ꿴ˡ
ӣ˳ŮߣİˣתСذŮԱߵĸţŹİ
İֱӾͰסˡ
˵ֻ»Ϣӣݡ
ȻǴˣױشﻹůġ
һİ;ůģ˺
ӣһ߷ԸŮǰ֮ǰİרһöȥʿСŷϵҹ
İЦ΢΢ؿæǰæҡͷ˵¡
һ֣Լߡ
ڴز£İȣûȴظӣһ
һ֣һ߾ͰҪͺȥǰԺ鷿ѧϰ˵һ顣
ӣžˡ֮ǰ֣ͺñѧǰݡ
ҪͳȥСѧˡ
Ǻϡе㲻ģİ硣
İ˵껰ǾЩƣˣڴͷϱĿӣ˵һ롣
֪Ҫʲôûֱֻۣϣ⵱Ժӣͬûʲô𡣡
ӣ
֮ǰºͱͽȥ鷿ֱֻӽӵǰԺ鷿ǶŪӣֱӸסˡ
İɲ
ССĻǣ˰֮ĸ棬ɾͲǰôˡ
İ˻ͷһʱɲס˵˻ǴӴϰյϴԺÿδʱҪѧϰա
˵أȻӣſкĴ
һͷſ̽һֻСͷС⽼˰ӽ
㣬С⽲Ե޹ʺȻܵһǺͰˡ
ӣȻİЦЦ
İҲˡ
תͷſڵͣ
ſ΢΢˵㶯ͱС֣ܲ˼ؽˡ
ӣͿϺ˵ģԶһǼˮ˹Ǹոϴˬྻ
İߵĴء
һӾ͡ŵŵšܹˡ
Сȶ̣ûﵽϴصĸ߶ȣǵתСӣȰű죬
İڶƨһѣˡ
ǶˣͲٶ˵ˣʰʰ⼸վҪʼˡİ
һı飬Դúף¶ڱУûּۻ۵ء
ȻҲһ㡣
˰֮һֻСֽţ̽Եزİϣֻ첲ͱס˸׵Ĳҡ갢~~ֻܲδʱտΣ


276 ѧ

ˣһֻСֽҲ̧
İϣס׵ĲӾֱ󵹣ˣһϳ꣬ѾдˣֻҪտξͺˣ꣡
İסӵĺףֹȥ
ס˶ŵд֣ΪѧʾˣˣµҲؽˣ˾ֱˡ
ӣԱߣһûסһЦ˳
һЦİͺ͸ͬʱ̧ͷ
һСͺ˵ģ˰죬ܰɥĵͷ֪ˣꡣ
İԴȥ˯ɣСӣ
ƨߵߵһ룬뵽һؼ⡣
תʸף꣬Ǵһ𣿡
İҡҡͷŮǲͬ
͡Ŷһ˼´ˡ
ӣĸֽѶӱߣС⽶ſڣС˱ߣβһҡ˹ȥ
ڶһ磬ԺѾūܰ׼õķþһ
ΪүǡӵþҪһѡʱЩ˼һʽףɫ֮á
ѡף͸ƵһģһֱװֻС̫ǿ̧˹
ʢԱţ˾ͽȥİ硪ҪҪһ
вʡģٴȥʰ
ȻС£ϾҪõĶİдֽ͵ýɡ
Ҳ¡
ʢӦһȥ˰ֻȫ̧˽һİ翴
ʽɵģͼҲкǻϲġû̫Ļͼɸɾ֮
İ¶һ˿΢Ц

ǰԺ鷿СҲʰԺⶼǻ棬ݳӰء
Ǵı˿һ۾Ŀ
İķԸСﻹ˸ĸ֡ģ棬ξ۵ףСƤһ۱㿴ó
λһţֳɶš˸ͺͺSλС⣬ʣµĻҪеİ
Լܻк
ǰԺһЩɽʯˮǻˮ
֮ʱͥˮɷ
İһȦʮ⡪˴ģֱˡ
ԻӺдһרѺˣҲȰѧһ࣬ѶǶʱ򣬲ҪΪСС룬ϧȥ
ЩкӿĹСѧˡ
ǰһϣţ˯š
ȻԱһ¶׼С
ӣصظ˸СΪ½вʵصط㣬ټϱһ޻档
кܱ׵
ԱһһҷһЩ
Сӻ֣ǵѶϵеǷˡ
ԺūŶټƵ˫Сöһ߸ร֣һ߾Ϳһһ㶵ġ
ʵ벻ͨԼС㵽ǴĶô龫ֵ⣿
ͱСT̨ƵģͷߵͷִͷıĻصͷ
ʵ͹ΪȥһѧãʹֻҡȥҲûϵ
ūʲô׼á
ʲôģΪ
ӣʶܹ
費Ҫһ£᲻һ¡
ҪԼĶԼű࣬ʰľ
ܰԼʰ룬ˬˬĺӣѧϰϵҲ̫ҵġ
ڶϣʹˣùţŶûע⣬ֽһСֱڻ
ȻСһ߱ūǴӵߣһ߾ͻͷŶҡҡ֡
С⽱ſԺﻨ£ȻС˴ߡ
ΪԼģڵһ¾վˡ
СȣĿбӵؾˡ
Сһ¾żˣ໵ؽţȥСһѱˡ
öԱߣ־öֶϸԸѧãɱùŶ磡
öҺ߶ӣͷ˹
ĿһԶˣС⽵Ĺͷ̾һСôһţรʧˣȥรɣ

ǰԺ鷿ߵſڵʱúͺSһ
͸߸˵ؾͻС֣к磡
Şϵĳ̵ۡ
ȫϣҲĶӡϡ
ʶľתͷȥԼϵİ̺չ¶ǰ
ȻתSͿܼܵϱһֻص˫米
ϾǺӣأ̲סͶ࿴һۡ


277 

˳߿һۣ׻ûסܸ˵ؾҫҶģ
SŶһ뵽รԼԺǸɻ䣬ͻر˿ȥ
뽫ȥ̧žͽ
͸ڸ棬Ҳӡ
˶ǰ
SɨһȦߵλõطСҲ΢ԶһЩЩСûλۡ
ȱǹ߰һЩ
ߵĹߺãط󣬵ǽƤ£Ĺһ죬λȻѷһˡ
Sվ˹İ֮Ծϵİ̺۲ԣԵһЩҲһЩ
뵽ԼԴӶ֮󣬶Լ۰û죬־̬ȡÿ첻ǱԹǱԹڰǰ֡
Ŷﶼþü档
SܱԼаϲ۵һ¼꼸
㻹ң
ټ϶񾭳ָϵĿӿݵӡӣŹ˵ǳ˹֡
뵽ĸ׺õЩٶSֻĶҪըˡ
΢΢ָ߬һԵֱϳ塣
ǰȵĺ͵ܵܣSǰһߣӲԵָǰελðɡ
˵꣬·±һ㣬һ
Ӱռס˵
֮󣬻΢΢Ƶؿ˺һۡ
СԱߣе㲻ˬˡ˵Сֵ֮£ūŵĲòʲô
ϾСӣô۸ͷϣ
˵ˣ˵󰢸绹Ǹء
Ҳ˼һ㲻ŵܵܣ
ޣ
ѧõĵһ죬ÿĸ¶أҪŴ󰢸ӣǺ鶼ҪͶһ
ȫû뵽ǣϾȻһ˿һı鶼ûС
ûֱȥǰ棬վλãСһȦ
һȦӣֱЦ˺Sߡ
SʶԱÿЩ顣
ѧŴǰӵģµشŵܵܵʲô
գգ۾ȻһԴͳСֱݵǰ磬ô
SôҲû뵽ܵԭ˵
һ¾סˡ
Ӧ֮󣬺SӲҡҡͷСȴץϥϵĲϡ
ۿŵܵܵ֡
ܵܵСůŵֽǵɫģŵ㡣
Сֱü侫ɣһһĴСһɰ磬Ųѩ˪
žˡ
S׻Ǹӣûסһͽ
˵˵ֶ̡ŵܵܵҲЩ˼ˡ
ԼҲһСֱͽ׽˼£Цž͵ллҡضͷãطʺ϶顣
˵ˣС죬ʹյĶߣ̫ˣȥһȦ֪ˡ
SȻûڡ
ͳЦЦԼ˿СֱŽ
Ȼû׽£үΪˡ
δɤӣһ
ʱһūŶȻ
͸ϽɿذСֱ룬ֱӸ׸Сӡ
Сӽ˸š
ԪΣˣʮĽʿԵͬͬ
ͨɡģһ塣
ʮ֮ǰλľǱȽ˳鷿ϿΣν١
һ׼ˣ޸֣֮ȫС
ᳫǹ䡪Ҳ޵Ĵͳ
һΣ鷿һʱ𣬴ŶǾȥ
Ԫùʱڿεֻһȥ䳡
߸˵ʾ
Ԫ
һڻЦǰϣȴŶǵ棬Ԫβˣǵʦ
ԪαϾһ˵ߣֻʿɱ裬ǹŲΪԼ˼䡪ǵÿմŭ
ȻǻǵʦҲ¾ǵūţôܶ죿
ڻǵǰ
Ǹ׵ϣӵǣܵ˼ս
ǰڵϣݺݴˡ
ǵ̫ҽԪˡΪǲܵǵѧϰȡ
ڶ˵壬ճϿΡ
ԪκѧƽʱİҲʶİλء
Ŀǰֿʦ˵ĲϿΣʱٵİʮֲ̡
¿ν֮ۼԪһȳһյŲİǰͷ
ȻԼ
֮󣬿ҲйڡԪδˣǶĶ࣬˰ӣⶥײԼ
ˣԪ鷿ȴҲȥˡ


278 

ıոСǽѧȻ鷿ʦʱͷҫȴҲϵˡ
үһڳѧʦһȴڻǰر޴Ԫ뵽ǰ£ֻʹ
ⲽûվأССĺѾվˣնķԸͦСţؾ͵ʦã
SԱߣƨŤŤЩԥ
ʦȻɵ˰ǰū
ǰĳӣôūŽҲūš
ôţûվ
ԪιͶԺ񣺡磬
Сƨûֻռ֮һλãͦñֱСֹؾصķǰһ˫ɾ۾ԪΡ
ԪοźӣȻ뵽˺ܾǰڹһΣλͬŸ̫ϿΡ
ү˳㵱ǵ棬̫ǰǼƧĵʡ
ɨءԼѧǰʴ𲻳
ԴԺ׵̫ҲͲٰʦټ̫ɥĸ谮ǳ̫ԸԽݰ衣
ÿϿ֮ǰԪȻȸ̫¹о֮
ϿεĹ֮УֻҪԪҪ̫˵񣬵õ󷽿˵
̫ӱ飬Ԫλù̫ǰȵ̫ӱϺԪβ
ܲ裬ûãԪǵãԼλͬȺ󲡵
没װͲö֪ˡ
˶Ⱥ没硣
뵽ǰڹеľֿǰͰ˫ۣԪаٸн
ūǰźλСӣī鱾̯ͺܵľС֣ȥӣıʴ
ССıʴ滹żСӿڣиָɹܣһͷǽĵطһͷųӡ
ϻ͸ӡ
ɫҲƯǺϲɫ
˵ǱʴʵҲδװʣװ˲ٺϲС
Я
һãһ߾ͷ·ܳءѽһһòײŰѱʴ˳ģ
ԱߵĺSܵһȻעһתͷܵ￴
һ£
;͵Ŵ翴ء
˹ؽʴϣűС֣źSգգ۾ȻһЦ
Sתȥ

ʼڿˡ
Ϊİ˵˵кӶЩˣϿ֮ǰȿǵѧʡ
Ԫǰȸһʡ
ʵûպǳֻǸ߹İԶǵ֮ʳкӶɵˡ
ͺͺS̲סͶһۣӶһ¡
Ȼ󣬺SսСȭͷߣһСǵͨ졣
شʱľ̬ʱڶԺвļ䡣
ֻҪһûãǸ
̧ͷԪεŵҲ֪
Ȼ󣬷·ΪάдһģŞɤţɫصҲ֪
ԱߣͺܹԵؿ˿磬תͷ˿
еżˣСȥ˳Sӣ磬ĪҪżǸǴҵġʲô֪ǻʲô
⻰˵òӲȴִһ˿ͯȤƤԪһתͷͰ磬Ϳһ˫ںںڵԼЦ顣
ֿɰִݡ
SܵôһΧղŵľ̬Ҳࡣ
ԼӣߺһźüСģ

Ŀοʱ̫ѾλεĹͷˡ
Ԫ棬˵տγ̾ȵΪڹãʱ̸˴󷢣ϲ
Ȼ˴һյ蹦û
ͺͺSˡ
SѾĲɣעѹ޷˵ϡ
½ȣƨŤŤתͷһ۵ܵܣͿܵܺȻҲǼţ˼˿
ò׵ԪĿγ̾͵⣬ӶȲҪӵˣ
ۿʦţһתͷͶС£ˣˣ
СӶ˵ϽѷźӸСֱ˳
СֱϿεʱһֱڻģԼ±£Сֱˡ
鷿ʦôϿΣôм仹ûǺȿˮϢһµʱ
˭뵽ô˵
ȻȫϢ
ͽӹСֱȫޣֻСץ˾
һһؾСӺԱ߼С̫ǰܱߵʰ
СӿСˣøϽе׷ںͽش磡ʹãūźɱһܣ


279 ͵

ã͸һƥֵСҰƵģ˳ȥ
ǰԺ紦̧˫־ٸ߸ߣͶǿŵС̫ң
С̫෴Ӧ֮󣬶ʱЦۡ
Соź͵Ҹ£ֵСӱ˸߸ߵż
СںҲĸϵˡץŵտڣıīֽ⣬ȫڹ컯֮¡
磡ȵūţС׷˹ȥڸ˺͵Сȡ
ŵŵŴĵ˿СŵԺſڣ;ͿС޾ɵſſڣ°͸ֻǰצϡ
ϣԵԺһƬܰ
С˵ĶСڵһվӣǰš
ȵȷϳԼܹС֮С˦βͣȥ
һѱסС⽵سһ£ȴûͣ
ֱܽԺӾ͵һ
ûˡ
͵һӦǣ϶õ
˹ȥոպ̣Ƴ֮УĸһҡƳһߺ߳źС˯ӡ
һתͷççײײس˽ĸϽվ磡
һתͷͱȥˡ
䣬һֱʱڣӵĶϽϣ챣һֻů裬ҹϨ
̽ͷһů⣬Ͷױ̨ϴеĻ֬㡭
ŵһ˵
ڴ£ſڵķﲻ֪ʲôڳԡ
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
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ӣһըˡ
ҿöԱۼֿ죬һѰ̸סˣรģ
̷ԱС֮󣬾ת񣺡ūŸ밲
ӣأǺѾŵŵŵŵ˹վǰ۵Сۡ
ȻίͰ͵ضϵը
ӣĬĬ᣺زסˡ
ƳγεըϾ֮ĵϣ˼Һۣڵըζ͡
ըɫҶϡҶ˼壬ش䣬ӽζ
Ͷ˶ţﲻ˵ըǲĲˣܳôһȥѧãԸȴˣ
һ˵һŴǰлСʱأһγըᣬʮֺóԡ
֮ٲţöԼԡͺѴӦˡ
ÿͻش˵ըʳʳùᵼȴСӳԶˣСС;֬ӰӪա
֮ǲܶԡ
ңΪģͷãǿ˲ٱԼҲըᡣ
ͣû뵽
ӣ֮󣬺Ȼ뵽¡
һ¾ֱӣ۾͵С֣ʶӣͣôˣ
ͱôһʣЩĪ
˶СȣȻЩĲ
ͷʶ硭𣿡
ӣ㰢겻˵ˣԴӽѧãһĿΡġ䣬ֱܻ𣿡
ͣ
ӣ
ĸ㿴ңҿ㡣
һ˲֮󣬾Ժжˡ
ԭİǰԺ鷿С̫࣬ʹŷͲ͵ūţһıˡ˵ǰ鷿źλء
ŵѾһſڵˣ˵ĸ붼ˣһڡ
һֻʣºSһλˡ
ôһգ۵Ĺ򣬶ˡ
ûӣǰԺ鷿ֻøŹ׷
ʵĲ׷รʢ裬ֱүϵıӡ
С޵һѧã϶ﰡ
¿ΣȥҲġ
ʱ׷ʵġɢ˼ĸ۵ʱ⡣
ûӣү֮ǰϼӽˣ˵λһѧãǰСˣǰ֣ͯҪˡ˼öҪйء
һļƻжҲҪȫǰԺ鷿ɡ
ūǹ˵ˣ̧ͷรƺûʲôҪ˵ӣ͸ˡ
ɱ˲ร
ӣûʲôȻİ綨ĹأǽղӣաҲҪˡ
Ҵҵؾö׼һʳзˣȥСӡ
ԱߺܽǵؾСöᣡᣡ
СʳУͻǰԺ鷿
ŲڶӣһʵҲİƽʱõһ൱Сĵط
͸ոսȥͿSӹԱСֽ̫ӣڲ졣
۳ˡ
ߵСȥСǰͰʳиˡ
˲䣬ǰݷһǰԺ鷿ģһǶ׼ġ
ըҲС


280 Ť

ŨŨըƮ˹SȻŬԼ񣬲ܵǸƮȥ̲סӡ
̫ˣ
ʾ֪϶Ҳรġ
SȻͺеĽ͵ܵܡ
üһ㷬ѽԵÿģһתͷͿԱߣȻһĿбӵӣȴиʿˮĶ
룬һըᣬȻеѵԥС֣͵˺Sǰ磬ԣ
һ˵һ߻еʹģǰͷŤת
͵ܵܽһ١ٶضԼֳ⣬SҲͲ˼ܾˡ
־ͽֻһڡ

֮󣬺Sһ߽ӹūǵӣͺС֣һڵԺ³֣л
Цۣ磬һкööóԵأٴ㣬һ
ߡͶһ£Դ磬ȥǶѽö˶ǸճĲŸóأ
һ£ɫЩɥ
ˡ
˵֣Şͷ·ǽһضԵܵܵͣҶﲻȥǶġ
ֵСգתȥ˼ز˵ˡ

տһкӴ죬ԻԺӡ
СԺ
ӣ³׼һóԵģȵͻʱһŸոնཹཱུķš
˦Сūװˮͻͭ裬źϴ֡
ϴֱ֣СӣͿʼѽѧϵţӣһ顣
սŵʱ򣬿ƺͦţǽΣŽžͺˡ
ſӣתͷͶӣΪʲôţ
ӣ֮ǰİ˵һЩԪڹ飬ʱȴȥᣬֻһ߸ʢһһߵҲ֪¡һ֪ʲôƢԣȻЩȵ棬ʦϤˣҲˡ
һŷ룬һ߾͵˵ͷ˼ϳҲôģ
˵ֽ꣬տϵݴ˵ӣ
˵ʱ;Цǰϣһ˫СϣҲסǰš
Աĸﱧŵ񣬱Цһ˫ںںڵӣؿС硣
Цÿģӣָ˲ϵͣҲֻЦе˵ʱʱʵȻأ
ͱôһʣԽ˵Խ𾢣ҲˣӣӾ͸סȻ
ͯۿɰ
СԱߣŽѧ÷飬һһรһ¡
ôһƣĸѾЦһţҲˡ
ĬĬˡ
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վɫ֮£˫ֲԺſڣѵõطһ˲ĴȻһСʵӸ磬ϳ𣿡
СתͷͿọ̈Ǵ˵ġ
öСŷﻹгԵģҸһЩ

รԺ
£ԣSߡ
รӵĶ档
Ӳڡ
͸뵵S΢΢̧ۣһǰĶ
ɫÿΪʱһѧߵС̫Ͱѽѧ﷢һиร
ȻҲͺ͵ĽӴ
ĶʲôรбۣŶӱص
һ⻰תŵܵܣһ˷ܵصſϷ顣
Sͷ¿ӣֻ߬ӣϥϡ
ġǺ͵ܵҪӵġ
รޱĵͷһ
Sɿ̧һۣ˶ı飬СŵʵӾú͵ܵͦõġӲӼƽϣԶҲѰ
죡
รͺǳ
SŵСӶһ£ͽԭأˡ
รһСԱߵĶҲһ£Ӧ֮ŷĬĬԱÿȥƺSǸɨƵġ
ԽԶԽá
รۿ΢죬ǰĶӣһһ־͵СӺһ۸ǰһף˺һף㰢תǳ㵽ڻô
˵ˣǸ㼸㣬Ϊ˵ûǳԲϷ˼ôССӣ
ؿڲס˶ٵ޴ˡӺ㣬ǸЩֽűˣ㻹˵û治֪ﾫˣôʵĺӣ
Աߣʱڴ˹ѧһĸĸ׺棬۵СָźSͷ̫ʵ̫ʵ
S͵һ̧֣ݺһƾͰѶĵˡ
һƲҪ𣬺ȻͿܵСֽճȭ۾С磬Ǽѹ֡Ť


281 ο

ʵ̫ˡ
һЦݡ
ʶر졣
SǰһһһֵӾö˵͵ܵܣίʵЩˡѧӵ۾ţ͵ܵʲôֽţᵱڽӣ
รЦһСʲô˶ֻĵġ˵ˡûۣأ
Ա̲סֵ̫ʵ޴
Sҧҧӣ̧֣ݺݵؾͽһƵڵϡ
⧲ˤȥʱۡһ
һը˹
֡ŮǶϽǰȥһ߷ţһ߸ᡣ
λСӳܣūҲȰ˵οȵᣬϽĬĬȥ
รҧ˰Σڵ׻ûסһӾ͵ʲô
ٿվָŻԱ߳Ů͵㣡׽㣡ôҪΪСӣ׽Ҳ֣
촽ţ첲գҲͲҪˣ
˵ţ뵽Դ븮֮İ㲻ԼΪĸӣ
ίǰ£зڵת
รסؿڣָ̧ſڣȥȥǱԺӣȥӺˣ
Sվԭأ̧ۿĸ׵
Ĭ˰ΣڹȥǶӺͿˣȻϢŭ
รٳƺΪ͵ܵܡǸĿڳˡ硱ֻʱһЩ
ٵͷ͸ۿŶӣͿSϵĺۼǶǰһӶµĺۼ
รʱ뵽˺SԲѣڴϵʱԼĵĽơ
ʱǱԼ˵˺ܶİѹˣӴҲҲϷйԼ
ôء
รлⶸǰȥССļȴS΢΢һࡪԱ߶㿪ˡ
վûรֻҪﲻȥϰڵˡ
รԭأԼյ˫֣˵ͷ
Sûĸ׺ͽһۣתȥ
ū׷Sͷ

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SСãͿ̫СƮڹڵϣһӣСĲŹ
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ԼáŻǵĸ
ԼȷáŻĸƿڴ޴֡
Şţ֪ľ̤ݡ
СƮӸող棬µңȻ涯
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СƮӱҲǸϵԸ񡪡ܰпڷԣҲˡ
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СƮӶԼǰĴһ򶼺⡣
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СƮӵʱҲԺɨأ֪ǰ
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󣬺Sͷȥ
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СùϺ󣬸ġ
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282 

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뿪Щֻĺ˵Ȼмֻġ
ȻµΣԲֻԳᡣ
SתͷȻĬĬôߵūǰ㡪˵һЩȰҪТΪȵĵأ
СƮӵūûǸʸԴ󰢸˵Щο󰢸Ѿˣ
Sһ£һδǰԼǰûעС̫ࡣ
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S˵סˡ
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ҹĸſڸѹɤ³˴󰢸硪Ϊ󰢸Ѿϴ˯ˡ
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ʵһ᲻ôµصġ
θŵʱ򣬾˵Сʱ򣬾һֱĸϣһֱضˣŷڵϵġ
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Ϊˣظգ
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ͷһֱȶСģھȻҲЩ˶񣬸Źϸ㣬ɫ԰ס
ӣſţ;С޳ˣ͵ˡ磬رˡ
ԼĸᵽԼСʱ飬Щɬصͷ
ܿ죬̧ͷӣ¶һЦݡ
ӣȻںθ񽲻ģҲԺǵĸܡ
ߣתͷҲȰЦˡ
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嵽ʲôΪڴҲŪ
ֻǵʱ򣬶ڴߣںŮ˵˵ǶԹรˣΪ˺ͣӲ̫ҽˣŻôΣա
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תۼѾˡ
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ϵĿγҲ͹鷿ͬС죬
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İ翴źʱţһ죬ʮο


283 

ʱ֯һӹոﶼַһЩ
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ӣյʹͣǺϲһεĻɫ
ԴӴԽʱ֮ĿվǣȣҪ㣬ٶı裬һϰ촩ȹӵִǺȵġ
һ֯ĲϾͲһžһ㣬ķϣȴܲʲô
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ķɫļɫĻͼٲһ㴹׹
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С̫ͷ󺹣ԣ֪Լʲô
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ûӰôȵ죬˻Ҫһֱתȱ
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ܲ


284 ϻ۵ĺ

ӣİӵĶҲӦˡ
תͷͷԸȥѬ㣬ζɢһɢ
ȥˡ
ôһҲˡ
С룬λϣתͷֿ˿꣬Ȼ΢΢ᳶ˳ӣӣ뵽һ취ǲ֪вС
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ӣùŶӣ΢ЦŶ˵㰢
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ʢˣ۾һⷨӻУҺò
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ЦζӣûӦȻ;ǰҰһӵߵ˹
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ҹʱ֣İūŽ
˶ƣ
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ϽԶ˿˵ñȾ˸
ѵõģǰȥиһϧͲ


285 пͤ

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ǰԺ鷿иСˮŻͦȫ˲С㣬ͷʵʱվˮ߿ȥϸʯֱް
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һ£Ȼ׹ˡʷԲ԰һ羰ƣ
ĸԱߣһ˫ƯĴ۾ֽϵ֡


286 Զ

Ӧ֮ӣֱֹˡ±˵Բ԰ˣҲ˵үǻˡ
̫ӵһαϣʽĻĽڵ㶼û
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Ȼǰİ飬ӣ룺ϣûʲôԵˡ
кܶ档
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287 ε

Сͦñֱ°ͣǰ·ǰССĿյأ޽ɽӣԶġ

ȻСĶȴһǳɣίʵƯһλϴԱ߳ţ̲סһʡ
ȻϴͰѺSǣ˹ҲûԼλСӣ󰢸硣
SղűǶڵܵģںѾϴǰСȥˡ
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Ϊ̫ţǽˡ
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S꣬е顪ƽҲ˵Ҫʦصο͵ܵƽﶼţʦ⼸λʦǺܿġ
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SŬز֮էȻһգ;ú亹ˡ
ֽŲŵصĲ̤ʵУ
΢΢ǰһ£֮һ£Sһûƺý࣬ӾҺ͵һ¡
ʵҲūŻŵģ϶ˤ
ǺSһ¾뵽һĿֲֻһͨͨϴڣֱҪӿˣ
ϴǰǣ
ܳȥһ֮ء
ͣ£ͣ£Sסؿڵ½˻ߵĴס˲ƵģϢ
ϴ̧ͷͿ󰢸һСɷɷ׵ģ۾סҡͷͷðһϸܵĺӡ
ϴû뵽ܰСų뵽ӵܣ͸ĻƵģ⽿󣬾Ǹк
ϴҲ񣺡󰢸磡
Աߵ̫ǶƳ˴󰢸ĲԾһְ˽ŵľ󰢸磡ɱŻūǣ
S۾յýģ˫ֽԼǰ½ѿڶʹе
ûмȻͷһ
ֱֱȥ

͸ղһȦת˹Ѿ˺SۿžҪԽ˹ȥ
һȦһ㺹͸˵һСƻһﻹ룺һȥһҪȶˮ裡
һ
ȻƼ˺SһԴУֱ
һƬУ类ְ̫˽ŵظסˡ
𾪹󣬾־Ͷϴϴ챧
СһأϴȻϽͳȥˡ
ãSûȫʧȥʶҲǸղһ˲Ļŵ˲Ѫӿ˷Ժˡ
ʱһȺС̫ӵţūſ캰˵СѹС
Sתˡ
һۣȿཱུСǰһ˫۾ǵǣ磡ôˣ
SһůȴȻͷ˵
ƿǰС̫࣬
İʱڹū㿴ңҿ㣬ֲҾร
ô˵ܲ˵󰢸һƥСȻŵεˤ
С󣬱Ǹ񶼲ˡ
һʱ䣬һµⶨȻȹ󰢸
ôһͷС̫ں͸ɲǣͷһȵʱ򣡡
SڵϣĬԣۼūæҵعˮ͵ǰӣӡ
SֽˮƿֽǴӵС̫еֶԱһӡ
һþվɨһȦΧ̫͵¶͵ûҪԵնͶ˵
˵꣬ĬĬһۺͣмְ֮⡣
ٿ̧С֣ŴεסԼС졣
С̫¶Ϊѵɫ
󰢸ƽѧõһһรǻϸʵġ󰢸รǰǸ͸ˡ
ûʲôģҲûʲôסġ
ūǸû˭


288 

󰢸Ȼ˷ԸˣҪӵġ
ΧһȦūŶ󰢸ģū֪ˡ
Ȼˣ󰢸ϾղŴ˭Ҳҵʱūںֹ˵ûһơ
Ͼʲô֢¾ҽĸҲǿƵġ
ʲô¶Ҫ̫ҽ
S⻰;ֱðղţ˵鲻ܾ͵նһתۣЩūžҪˡ
ܲԺ
ССüͷ壬תͷȥһž˵Ǹ̫ļϣֱߵ˹ȥ˵ĻǶ߷粻ǣ
̫ϽֱӣͷūźͿˣ󰢸Ϣŭ
Աߵūż״Ҳû˸Ҷ˵һ仰ˡ
վһԣϴŵЩˤ龰
ȻЩˡ
Ȼʱ֣ˡ
İӹʱ֪¡
ǰԺ鷿ūŲ
İ꣬ʲôҲû˵ȵ֮ӽе鷿Ȼūǳȥˡ
SԴվ鷿ſڣӵ̧һ۸ףȻָϽͷ
ΪԼԵòôųŬֱͦССļ
İӺ
ͱǺͺSվһģٻ̧СȾǰһȻתͷû
͹ȥSӣ磬ء
Sûǰһ
İ翴ӣ֣ĵؾ͵ͣǸ
شӦһȻǣס˴֡
SֱܵܵС׽סֻøŵܵǰ
İڴվǰ̧SĶͷȻSô£
Sű괫٣͹Ż᲻ǰԺūŰ͸¶˰ꡣ
Ȼİôһʣƶˡ
ӡӡS˺һŵǻСˡ
Ͼ˵ܸ߳еģһʱ֮䣬ͷȥӴ׵
ôһ˲䣬Sָ߬еͷӿϵġĺڡ£ûлͷ
ֻҪ˵һԣҪĻԣһȥԲ
վǰģϾԼİꡢװꡣ
Ȼֱ˵ԼеĿ־壬Ҳܹοİɣ
ǶǱأ
֪ųһ²Ļ
Щһ㣬һֱĿѪԷ
룡
ȻǺӣҲϵġ

İĬؿǰĴӡ
S˵ѡ
ղӹʱѾǰԺūһ鵱ʱĳ
۶ӣ˴˴
˵󰢸Ųûһ˿һ֢״
Щܹţļ
Ȼ˼ķӣ͸ˡ
İӵԴ̾һ
úS˵䣬ǺSƺѾ˼ֻҧšԭ
Ҳաİ̧ͷ˿⣬жвģһҪҲգĿγ̣ѹһѹӣϰա
Աߣ͵̧ͷɴۡ
棡
İ˵±ܹٶԣū
ˣǰԺ鷿һš
ѻȸ
SΪ顣
Ϊϲγ̱жˣ˶Ǿɥ
ȵţİūŸ԰кͻȥ
һֱ˶СԺſڣԺܰĵƻ𣬲ž˵㾫
ԺţͿãȥ
޾ɵվżԱߣһ
ӣûתͷأŶԡ
һתﱧŵµݸԱߵĸĸѺӱȥ
Ѿ˹رסĴȣͷû˵
ӣ˫סӵСֻ֣СƵģ˴꣬ʶӣͣʲô¶ˣ
ʳڵͬʱ͹˺üֿܣû׼ǰʦ߰ѵˡߺͺS֮ʲô졣
̧ۿίͰ͵صαͣˡ
˶٣ָﲹһ飺ǰ˼
ӣΪʲô
̧ͷŶֻСǰţ۾գգ
ʵ˵ΪϺȻˣֲԸ¶ӣӲ˵Լˡ
Բк棬ʺѧѿγ̸ͣ˵顣
ǡ翴Լ񣬷Լסӡ
Ҫ˵ơ


289 

һ£̧ͷشˡ
˵꣬Ϳ˵ͷͷ㰢ġȷʵȣѧҲؼһʱ
˵꣬ͺūŽ˵СŷѰٺ̶͹
˽ͱС⽣ԺʯԣЩƲ֡
СԱŬģ磬ҪūЩϷɣ
ͽת˹ȥĵˡ

ϵʱİ±ī鷿
ٲȥ
ʢΪҪรȥİǰԺ֮磬ʢŷİԺȥ
Ժд飬Ȼūϳ˵үˡ
ϻΪԼˣոշ±ʣûüӭӳȥİѾһӣԼˡ
ϽͰдһļ龾һţԱߺһҴææվм޴ү
İ͵նãҹһյġ
⻰˵Ƥֱİƽʱ˵ķˡ
ԭأͨͨĪ˵ĸ飺ϣİܸһЩעһЩأһЩ谮
ˣ
һ飬ϽŮȥ׼ˡ
İԱһնѾ˶衣
˵ǡĺնŲʱˡ
İƺǰնжӡ
ϿİֻǺȲ裬˵Ҳ޵飬һĽҲ˹İҪ
ֻֻеôʱ򣬲һЩеʱˡ
Ӧ֮ĸһˣҲͽˡ
ȵñİȻүʲôأ
İڿˡ
еµ飬¸¾ҪˡǺǵĵնʱҪЩġЩЩ
͵ָ߬һμİô˵ĪҪͺһȥе£
ΪŮӵ̶ܳȣֻһأ
ĿһȣվҪġ
İѹѹʾ˵˼䣬סǹ˼
Һһȥеׯӵļ磬ϵո
˵үѾǳе´СС˼ʮׯӣ˵׼һƬУкü羰԰Ҫʹ͸ء
ǶµģֻһֱչӣЩһΣҲڸúЪЪ΢Цž͵
Ϊӣǲȥˡ
İԴһۣ漴֣һյնӣȻүҲҪȥġ
Цˡ
İ뵽Լ˵ҪȥеˣնԺǶעЩ
Ȼص㶼û򵽡
İϢ̾һ̧ͷԸм¶ֻ»֪SʱһͷˡҺСֱūǽסˣûʲô󰭡
һס죬ɴۣôԱ߲ϴ￴𣿡
İҡҡͷSԼ˵
⻰˵úܼ򵥡ȴһ΢˼档ƽﲻϣһȴȻ͸ˡ˲İ绰е˼
İϵ飬С͵үʵƽţҲãS⺢ӣ¼صӡɲ͵ĺӣһ滹أ
İеĲյü۵ʹеɫ
׻ǲģ͵ƽҲǶжţԺӹܽϡ˵̡Ͽ
İ۽΢Ųյ桰ƸɽԺӿ͸;ӡʫ䡣
ƺǳ
İĲ仯۵ס
˼ƶ
˶٣žµΪĸףԺӹܵϣȻǻ£Ƿܵýִ硪ȻǺSĵնSĺһģ¡
˵ͣ
İʲô
һҧٵصĸУѹ̫ˣһҲη塪ͷİ˻¡
İٿվ
һžվˣЩԱߵնյ
ϥͲүˣҲֻǹĴ󰢸磡ϥǵնŴ󰢸硢磬ԼĶһ㣬϶ûб˼
ޢſڣŸŮҪͽæһְ̧˸סˡ

İ޲صˣЩЪŰգȥСԺ


290 ú˯

СԺСӣԼվԱߣĸץС֣ҡҡλεؾͿŸ档
İʱһԺţÿ桰ץ
νץǸ¹ϷѶһ֣Ҳ˼һ֡
Ĳֺһ̧ͷİˡ
˲ͰѸ¹һˣС֣ӭ˹ȥ꣡ٸ߸ߡ
İְŶӵСƨƨϾ˾٣ֿ˿Աߵ
ĸϽ͵İ绳С
һһŮӵұ
ڲֺʱӣˡ
Ѿϴ꣬·һͷɵһߣеԵøİˮۡ
İ籧ӣת
˾һЦ
ôˣΪүˡû뵽ӣǰİ縣
Ժղȥ˿İ
һ˵һ߾ʾŮӣˡ
ӣź͵ֱֻ΢΢³ЩӣֹȥסӣͣǴˣеһֱš۵Ŷ
ڰСȣתͷһ۸ס
İֵСգ޷
һ˵һ߾;ЩֱˣǽͽӣȻбš
ߣİһߣһ߾˵
ӣϰԵľūȥϴþߣ˵׼ˮһ׼İЩϢ
İȴż֮һϴһ߾͵ȥеµĶʰôˣ
ӣû˵İԹԵ˵ҪǺǵþߡĶׯһӦȫǲش̫࣬Щ·Ҳ㡣
ӣһߵͷһߴŮнӹӣȥŸİ֣Ҳô롪ʵľǺǵĶ᲻µߣʰĴ䣡Ьñˡ
˵ָָ̧꣬ߣ͵ڲأ
İ˵ͷһ߰ӸŮһ߹ӣ֡
ڴ£İ͵۴ӣϸЩүó
˵꣬΢΢̾һҡҡͷ
·ɸֵӡ
ӣİ֣뵽˶Ӱ˵ġ顣
˵ˡ˵粻ΪͷΣ¡
ҿС̫ǽסˣǸͷˤ϶ᣡ
ٿİ顭Īлʲô飿
İԼһ£ȴӣ֡
ӣߣĬ
֪˶ãİһ̧ͷֱްɡ
ӣūˮ
İϴԡȴѾϴ˵ģڴŵ
ŵţͿڴͷ˯ˡ
İʱ򣬾ͿӣȻѾ˯ˡ
˽Ų߹ڴǰͣ£˿ˮķ١
ͷ˿ֻһӹ̶šķɫһ񣬼͸Ҳӣ״
İ޳ָ˿΢΢һŪȻһ顪ӣͷٲĺڷʱӼͷк
ƻһ
İ΢΢ӣԴһ䱦СĽڴ֮ϡ
ӣڴϷ˸
۾ﹾţүҪۣȴƻĹߴ̵
ʶ̧ƣҪȥסԼ۾ȴһ˫ů֡
İ֣Ƥȴβסĳ磺ú˯
ӣԴһᣬůͷС
İĵƻһǣҲ˴
ĽǶ˱裬ɫһʱⶼôˡ
İ緭˸֧һߣȻۣԺȴɸֳ˰ʱ֣SŻҵС
ܻţ顣
ȴ˵˻ѡ
İ̾˿˰Σۿ¹һһӴƶ֪ôľ뵽һ䡰ҵ˥̲׹ҹӶ
أȴֻС§
İûͷֱӾסֻС֣ɤͳصô˯
ӣСĵү𣿡
İתӣͷͷ޹ء
˵ֻ꣬⻰ƺᣬֽ͵ү˼ǡûʲô
ӣһֻ֣ӲǴİ߼˹ȥ
£˫ֶİ§סˡ
İû취ͷͷһǣŵСƤֲøղ˯ˡԭ񣬵ȵү
ӣͳЦ۾ģɲǣ
İЦڱһ£̾ôʢǺͺһүһ绹ýء


291 ֮

⻰˵Ĳģӣʱʵˡ
ֳİĻƽ죬ҴҴӽǣ׼˯;ñ΢΢һ
İڱţҵ֡
˸ƣĹǷ˯ɡ
˾ô֣Ҳû˵ˡ

รԺӡ
һҹĺ춹г̴ָСķһӡ
ѾǰһС⽡һСˣ̶Ҳһӡ
ſӾͷѾؼԶĺ춹⡣
รԱ߿ţһžһ֣ŮеĿӣһۣԳԳԣ֪ԣƸƵѣֿ촩ˣ
⻰ǲ١ԽܳԣһٱҪԱĺٵ˫°Ͷˡ
ǰʹվһʱΪСֻÿɰ
ʱ򣬴ӡѿƵģԵû׳
ڣСһĳ󣬼ϴҲˣÿζʹվһʱһ磬㣬һֲӶ̸첲
ž
񱻴˿ӣɺС֣ĸ׵ķ˸ۣϳԹ㲻Ҳһ
㲻ҲһڳԣԵñһأ
ร͵ؽеĿһģֶԱߵĲˮյǲˮѾðˣģֻʣ±յǳǳһ㡣
รŶ˹ȥ˭ѧģôûأô׶˵
͵شԱվһְϲҶˮһĨ˵ôǶԼҹҸų԰ˡ⸮ĸ뵽ʲô˵ʲôҲдãǾдŰʱ򡪡ֱȥ԰˵ˣ
˵꣬һתͷͦصľСȣȥˡ
รˡ
ʹŮ˵䡰Űʱ򡪡ֱȥ԰˵ˡֱǴʹ֮
İܳҪգ
รһ;ؿڷƣǰľɼƺַ˳һʱһ
СԱߣۣȰοรҪġ񲻹ϳЩˣĸŮģȸٴЩµġ
˵꣬Sĸ־͹รʾ˵󰢸ѾѽյĿҵˣǲรûбķԸǾź󰢸ЩϴϢˡ
ҪѧءһҲᡣ
รѴ󰢸
ĸһͷƤͷˡรҪѵ󰢸ʲô
ոŮǣ󣬲̺ӡ
͹һǶĸչ˵ġ
󰢸ӳǱһһ̴ġ
ۿŴ󰢸һеСӤʱһ㳤󣬳󵽼˻ῩЦ߸˵ܣȥ̽ء
ѧõ͡
ȻĸԴ󰢸ȴиġ
Ŵ󰢸ż¶䲻ĳغĸʱ̲ס۴󰢸硣
รһūţѹ˵һ֡һ䡣

SѾԼְ̧СӽˣС̫ԼС̵ͷϡһϴԡ
·Ԥĸ׻Լһ㣬ǳ١С΢΢ţлͣشߴС̫ࣺЩֽЩ
С̫඼Ҫ߷ˡ
ȵɫѵSոտԡͰĸ󰢸磬ร˵Ҫȥһأ
Sŵù˲ˮ̣ССһס
˫֣סС򣬾Ťͷڵˮн󺰵Ѿϴԡˣ
ĸţﰵϲ
Ͻȥร
ร˾͵ϴ󣬹ҡ
ĸ棬žˡ
ͷǣรȴվˣô󰢸ˣҹȥ
ȥʱ򣬺SոձС̫źϴ裬Żϰɫ£һ˫ССϻˮ顣
รһӣһӵصS˯𣿶㡣
S˾͸һֻСľ֮Ƶģ嵽˴̱ߣ˲һһˮӡӡƨɣʹӴβزؽ˱ѡ
ͬʱรҲˡ
С̫æ밲ūŸร밲
รɨһۣûӣּϱ¡һ飬ӱ¶һֻССš
ร߹ȥڴرƲƲ죬ҡҡͷһ־ס˶ӵĽס
ĺS͵һһܣЩײ˴ͷ塣
รûص
Sһ˵Ĵӱ˳һˮǵ㣬ӵร
üǹһˮ顣
รţֹȥӲ˲
УSز׽һ˿Ϣ᲻ᡭ֪ԼǰԺγ飿


292 

Ȼûж˵ʲôһЩѧҪ棬ҪĶ֮Ļ
Sһ
˵˻รSҴҴӣūźú÷Ŵ󰢸磬Ȼͳȥˡ
SİУ˳ӵ°ͽǣͬʱͰسһ
¶ǹȥˡ
ร˶ӵӣȴʼĥSղſԼȻŵƨ
Ѳǰʲô¶⺢ˣ
ôţݣ̾Ͱѷ̺SС̫йˡ
󰢸ôˣรλϣӸµظС̫࣬ʵ
С̫಻µأ͸ͲƵģѰ鶼˵ˡ
һ˵һͿรüͷԽԽɫҲԽԽࡣ

S
߬еߣڱ׼˯ȥȻ;һŭ𣺡S
ںڰУSŵûһ飬͵һƱӾ
ĵƻεԼԼūǼ·ĶSŶﻨЬԼ̤
ˣ
һƣร˽˺SǰתͷͶūŵƣ
ҹСֽ̫յ
รֶ̧һƣǿŴ󰢸硪ǴͨŴ󰢸磬һӵɵˣ!
С̫Ҳɵģһ⻰֪ǰ鷢ˡ
ڵɪɪ̧ۿһͬ顣
Ÿร㱨С̫ں棬͸Ĩӵ۾ıȻȻʲôร˫ۡ
֪һ㽻ˣҲʡ񡪡รôĻһȻûкùӳˡ
SΡΡشӴСȥЬӣรǰһֱ㽫׶ˣ˼ˡ龹Ҳһ
Sû취ɪż̧ͷĸףдŰӡҲǲϣĸ׵ġ
รЦһִԱ¼ȡºSĵ£Ӹϰɣˡ
Sηηˡ
รץסĸ첲ߵһߣŵǲϣҵģ⵨Сģ֪
⻰һ¾ʹ˺Sµĵط
һСʱͱò԰ˣ
รתͷūǶȥִţ̧ͷźSѹǸкǸ磬ⱴոĴ󰢸磡㰢һ˵ǡ
˵գԱߵ㱧ԹǲƥСϴԱ߻ţų
㰢ϲ¸ҵĺӣ㴦ͣ㰢Ѿƫˣƫĵĸ࣬һһJǹͷһʲôָ
S˵ۿˣҪ
ָ߬ǡ֮ǰЩˤһΣԲŽš
รֱشĻҲҪ㶫Щڣ
Sۣ촽΢΢һʱ֮䣬ֻȫίɬޱȡ
ϾֻǸСӣʱܲסش˳
һ۾һ߶Žžͳ˻ߵؿ޺ҽˤڵϰΪûĶ˵࣬ϣѵԼǸˣᰢעĹߣϽƫ룡ֻ徲ػţ
รٿվֶԱߵĲյٸ֣Ŷӣ촽ֱš
С涯ԣϽͳ˽รٸƣ󰢸飬ԭؿ޺ֹ
Ѿȫʧ˵ġ
ϽǰȥรеĲյһ߶һߵรϢŭรϢŭͷϣǰ۵Ĵ󰢸磬յɲܡͷүҲûģ
Sһͷ˹ȥײСϣȻֳ׽СƵһԣÿ
ֱԺ˳ȥ
รںˣҰԺſ󰢸ȥ
Sзը̨ףֱԱߵС˹ȥ
ûܼȻ;뵽˸ղţۿСǰȥסĸ׵ƣǲյġ
˼Ӵ
ĸ׾Ȼûʲô
S뵽һ˵ĸо
Ż
Сǰ¹ǰϡ
СƮڷŵء
ȻŲšҰͳһ˫Сѥӡ
СƮ̧ۣϿͿ󰢸米СС󣬺һ˫۾Լ
СƮӷеˮ裬͵ūŸ󰢸밲
SһŽСõˡ


293 սǿͷ

һͳ˸ŹһƨֱİԴϥֱ
һ̧СȭͷݺݼȭԼԴϡ
СƮӿŻˣĹȥͰס󣺡󰢸磡ʹãʹã
SйһشԼȭֻһǻŭίûй̧ͷ̨ϵķ𾭣ȻֹȥҪǶѾҵڵء
СƮӹžסӣе󰢸磡ǰ˲飡
Sɥط
СƮԱߣŴ󰢸緢ۿʮֲ̡󰢸Խùˡ
СƮӡSȻ˿ڡ
СƮôҲû뵽СӾȻסԼ֣һʱԭһ˲ŵūڣ
SȻһҲ̲ȥˡʵ̫ʹˣʵ̫ʹˣ
˵飬̧ۿСƮӣ·ڶ˵ַ·صϽҪѹͣҪڰǰͷҡ
˶٣ͲţҾƽӹ˰
СƮӹԱߣĬһ˲󰢸磬ūСãҲвˡūŴֲʶǼǵãǰүʱһ׻ūŵöҲһֱǵá
˶٣ǷֻΪ࿪ڣսǿͷ
SתͷСƮӡ
СƮ̧ͷϿҶص󰢸粻ƽӹǸи˵ӣ󰢸粻ϲǿˡ
S۽ޣ߬סСȭͷ˿
֮У̴֮˾ġ
S˺һվ׼ȥ
ſڵʱȻعͷСƮӣʹôһֱСȥ𣿡
СƮһû˵SȻС֣Ĩȥ۽Եһβᣬңɺã
СƮһץŵĨžવ˵ϣ󰢸ūŲ䣡
Sվԭû˵һţֱӴ˳ȥ

รţۡҲл⡣
Sˣڵһ¾վˣS
SľȻߵǰ¾͵Ը
รϽְСһغţöӣˣ˵һʱ˵ˣҲΪã֮ˣԺ󳤴ˣΪ˸ĸյĿˡ
̧֣Ӳ˲ۣϽöһƣ
SתͷรһۣȻͨˣһ¡
˶٣ʲôΪѵ¡
รͷ˵
￴޷
SľͰҪСƮӹźԼ˵һ顣
ร⵹Ƿ㶡СƮӣƺģֻ˲ԵϺš
ҲǣֿСúʹɨԺĿֻԺ۵ūŲŻᱻָȥ
ּӵ棬Ȼûӡġ
СԱߣʱԹɫรรҪҪūȥСƮӴ
รҡҡͷüȥơ˱ʵǸصģ˴ˣ󰢸Ҫȥ
СЦž͵ҲǽԵֵġūȥǡ
SվԱߣСԼⷽʶľԱһܿСӡ

Ժӹ÷ɿ죬תۼѾ˰£ʱҲ¾㱸ֻ귢˵ȥеˡ
СƮӴʱҲѾ˴罫һ¡
ǰԺ۸ʹСѾͷǶܼ䣬ȴһԾΪ˴󰢸ߵˡ
ʱǰЦ
ȥŷҲ˸ں棬һһƮӸ硱ҪᶫҪСƺȡ
СƮҲֻǲ˼ЦһЦ
ɺʹǰһĬĬԼڵ飬Ե顣
ԽԽΪ֮졪һǴ󰢸ȥ˲รǰҪġ
ö棿

ӣԺ춼ɣΪٽе֮Уѧö˿Ρ
СУŶȥīۡ
۳СֻĸҪˣİ԰ֻӣţҲùиԲ
¸˻ˣͺֻСã˯᲻á
ȥʶе֮УܲܰСҲϣ
ӣСԴ㰢ʱʡ
İ⼸쾭ǰԺæûʲôʱ˵Ժ
ȵԺʱë׵ֻСѾſڹˡ
Сڹǰ̾ǰҪˣİ磬ſ
ֻСʹһÿһֻĲ϶˲ͬɫĽСȦ֡
ɫɫ˿ȦģСĸ
ɫѻɫС
ͱСؾ͵꣬Сô࣬ɺˣʹҲȥֻɣ


294 ˵

İĶӵıģĵķŵ٣ãС̫СҵһȣҲһʱ
͵˵ͷ»ë׵Сס˸׵ĴȾ͵꣬ȥׯϣܴС𣿡
ԱߣŰصͷ͸Ÿͣ𣡴𣡰𣡡
ǡ˵ûмʱͳˡ
İͷָָһȺëһССʺͣС⽴ˣЩСôأ
һ¾ͱסˡ
һҡͷ꣬ҲСˡ
İ֣ӵСԴѧõĿȻͣˣǽյĹ𣿡
΢΢һӣ漴վֱӣЦݣؾصĴ꣬Ѿñ鶼ˣҲдˡ
̧ͷ΢΢ЩίŸף£ųˣġ˵ˡֻѧϰʱѧãʱܷ档
İ˵ͷһ°͵⻰ǲ
һ˵ţһ߾Ц̧ͷһӣ

תۼ䣬ڵүҪȥׯӵʱ
ϽУѾæ
Ҫеİ縮Ҳɡ
İļƻǰѼӶϡ
ϾׯںӱҪȥطȻʲôϡҪĶࡣ
ȥĺӰ񣬶Լ󰢸磬硣
รθҲ
Ůˣܸȥģֻеոӣ
ոΪһϽҪ
ӣΪܳ衣
Գ˺ͺ⣬ӵտǸ̵ĸ⣬ˡ
ǰϥͻȻҪ񣬶һ·Уȥׯϵסްš
д󰢸硣
һޡ
ʱ;ѹɽˡ
รǰһȥİ磬޿˵ȻȥׯӣôҪһӸ
һһŮȫߡĸҹǣҶǣҪȥ
ʢ棬รү鷿޵滨꣬Ҫιȥ
жԺǵĲᣬҲжԼܳľ
İҲ޵ĲˣǰѶʹ󰢸綼ʺԸȥׯϣڸĸס
ԥȥׯӣȻܺ棬뿪ĸףҲеһ˿Ŀ־
Sıֱȴľ˵ԼԸȥׯӡ
رȥׯӡ
รžһһžવ䡪׶Լˡ
ԸԼһ
İ⵹ǱкǶȥģSкǻܵøųȥ۽磬档
ҺSô⡣
ȻԥͰѶ
¶֪ˣʱһӷ
Ͳϲ񡪡ü۳ĺรһģһžᣡ
Ը˳£ǣǸù
ĺӳţʡ£οֻǸҲðڲЩ
ںSҲ
ôҲǴ󰢸ĵն
ȻรԺҲ֪󰢸รĸӹϵѾԽԽǢ
ѵǼҳ㷹󰢸ǿƵĺܡ
ôǴ󰢸أİĳӡ
˼΢ţȻҪĸĸ
ô󰢸ҲᡪһȰĸʲôĸܣ
뵽Խˡ
ϥİǰ͸İ籣֤˵һչ˺ôԼ󰢸ʳסУİġ
οรܴء
ȻϣͿİüͷչ
Ͻô꣬ҲЩ׹áһûã͵İĳ谮
ãҲ񡪡άôĳ谮ӣİȴֻ
縮ԺҲ¡
ң㡪кӣİĹգѾӣûԾԾ̽ȥսߵĵλ
ûС
ֻƽͣжĽϵһС
Һúϧ

֮ա
ҹɫıոǰѾ˳ĳӡ
ūǽһһװš
һװһ߱ţȻ
ӣСԺѹû˯ֱӰҹ
·ôʱ䣬Ҳһ˯롣
˷ܼˣСһԺشøӵĽŷԾСӡ
С⽺ͨԣ֪˺С˲·ʱԴĬĬһվţ۾ﶼǾɥ顣
ӣױ̨ǰźԼ°ͷһ顣
ĬĬˣӾǳׯϣǵٶȣҲǰҵʱ䡣
ӳУôֻۣ


295 ɽʤ

ӱ˵ǼݣҪټɡ̫๬Ů־ԼԵġõġġ
⻹ŷһ·ŵĻ򣬻ţȵȡ
ôɢɢĴͳӡ
⻹û·ͣɽˮĹ
ƿʦ·Ͽ϶פͣ羰Ѵ
ôܶʮ쵽㲻ˡ
ȻܱߵأԤϵĻ⡣
ʦһ·ʫ˴󷢣żɽˮҪǸʫ
ӣΪ·ϿԲȵ·ŷ֡ѹִܱȺ
·һʱ򻹺ãҪе·ֻûĹͷҪɢˡ
ʱӲԵľޣݻҲһҪ
ϴ˯Դײˡ
Ƿǳˣһ·ϰĽţһֱʾĸѴ
ĺġ
ͺһ飬ΪSʹһŵոǰϣһں
˶һ
ֻܺ档
ӣŴⷢһȵ·ϢʱʢʹһȺС̫͸㡪˵İ˼
ӣ·ͦϲȻܽСͭÿһҲС̫ա
ûôںˮ
һʣپµĸҲѹʡ
ڳϣͿźڽ˵ɹŻ
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л磬еڣӣ
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ڣ뿪Ͻǽʮʱׯڵˡ
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ӣŶӿȥͿׯӣѹһҲͬԶԶȥɫʮš
Ȼׯǵռܴ󣬵ӳƵıɫУգⰵϽڵȫͬ
Ȼʱûʷϵĳе±ɽׯӣڴ˵أܵͬһ·ϵˬʱΪʲôʵ۶Ҫˡ
ʻׯӣԶɽУȻԶԶģɽһӡ
Ϧ£յׯĺϣһȺųӹˮ棬ֻСְڳϣĸ˼ˡ
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ӣѶ˹СԴ㿴ǰôĳӡǴһһģ뵥жҲҪȵס޵ĵطٺˣú档
΢΢ЩʧתͷͿĸϥϣһֻСֺЦ硣
͸˵ʲôȴԶļԶ
ӣҲˡ
΢΢Щ֡Īйɣ
ׯӣȵɫҪʱһׯǰͣ
ȻǹǸԻΡ
ׯӱǰĶҪһЩҲһЩԳ˴Ļʼҷ緶
ׯڲҲͬ⣬Ϊ˽ԣܸԷֻҲԶ
ָİضͲһƬУľˮӳ̨ͤ¥Ӱӡ
Ϊҹɫ٣ŵĹƴεصȼ
ĵƻӳˮϣԣƹּϵӳ¹⣬һʱ䣬ԡ
ӭӵūǹ·ԣÿÿй˾ȫͷȥ
һ·ڵ˷ָӣԺӡ
ȻֻǸԺӣϵĿȴܴ󡪡ɽʤأһΪռضٶĶ֡
ʵҲǸСԺӡ
ӣŶŮū̺һԣ԰ٺСӡ
ԺǰһСţִׯţ·ů󻨴̤صĻӰһ·ֻߣǰͻȻ
ӣŷԼղԩСԺӡ
ѹһ㶼Сֻط«Ƶġžһ󣬽ȥ˲֪ж죬
⣬¥һ㣬䣬¥ݣԼɽΪȻĽݡ
ƵĺǷš
ӣΪȷʵû¥ݣһ¥ߣһ߾ͻͷūǣһҪСǡ
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ȥתһȦŷ֣š¥ݵġ
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վ¥ߵĵط¿Ǹ۾ľѴԶԶȥɾܿԺӵĵƻҹɫŨϼó״
ӣͷ𾢣ȻһϤվôʲô
һͷȥͿԺūŶһأİ粻֪ʲôʱˡ


296 һ֦

ӣϽ¥
һ߱£һ߾ͿİѾ̤߽һ¥
˳¥ӭָЩ
ӣӿ˽Ų¥ݣ˫ֽİ
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ӣһ̾ľǺãڸﶼûôõҰأ
İ֣ԴǰЦŵͷ͵ȻȻׯʲô
һ˵һ߾ߣͿֺĸںͺ棬һʰСҪЪŵӣһ߸ͽ⿪ӣͷ
ͷһ룬İˣʱվˣİµ꣡꣡ǳȥɣӸղŹ·ϣˮˣǶ
һ˵һ߾ֶķңңһָ
ȻôһıӾȫɢˣĸں棬ӣ˵´˶ү˵
ӣ߹ѶԼǰȻӹĸеӣһͷ
СʱƤܰףͷҲǺܷƵġ
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İӵԴͶǰ겻ȥ棬ǳէ⼸հЩҪæȺ˿գ͸һȥ档
һԭرС־ͻã
ոȴСӻУһʱ֮ͷ۵죺

İ˵ûȷʵ߲ʰոյĿĵأ綼Ҫȥ
⻹һҪԸ
ɽʤԼڲҲ쾰طҲ㹻㹻úһӡ
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ߵɽʤصԺſڣǰСĿ⴩̲Ϳһ߲ԶһƬȺƻӨȻ
Ķָָ̧Сӡ

ԺݵϼΪ󰢸ʹá
ΪӶѾе׶ˣ仹ڡ겻ͬϯϢ֮ҲҪ˴˱ܿ
SƽʱʹӴֻ࣬޹λüΡ˵Źء浾¹
ôһ·Ȼ·ϵʱ䣬ͻ˿һ¡Ϊ˷ֱʵӴȻڱոʱ١
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ﻹЩţSܵſڵʱ򣬴¶һ£룬תͷֵǰѴ󰢸Ҳϰɣ
ֳһ£ûӦ
ϴ󰢸硢һȥãαأ
һѵãĹรߡԸĸรչˡ
ͳ˸ǰΨһһ֦ˡ
ټǫ˳ûкӣһϲġ
ϴ󰢸ʲô
񣬴󰢸˵׼ûʰãȥɣһˣѴ󰢸һҲѽ˵ǲǣ
ôţϸϸȰŴ
һ˵ͷ

˸ǰŮǼǸϲĴ΢Цžӡ
ոߵſڣ˸Ц
һĿзɿһɨͿSһԵϣһһδ
ʹͷϵı顣
ȰЦݣЦЩţǰš
źSЦ۽ǶӲϸƣúӣļңʲô˼㰢˵ġܸߵնģնﻹ㣿
һ˵һ۹תվſڣѵĴ
һ˲Σ漴Ц糣
֣Ҳ
ָϵĸھµĺܣŷգǶˣҲУСϲԵģ
Ůͭźϴ֡
ϴ֮󣬴һ㣬ͽС
ôЦ


297 ˱ȼ

ĲСʵ̫ˣ
ǴǷɿĽȥ
ֻСֻŸһСèʳı顣
ȻЦôϲԣЩնﻹУ
һ˵һ߾ͶŴСһ֣
֪Լʱñֵøɡ˳ǵն
۾Ÿ͵˵ͷȻСӾ͹ȥˡ
˸ǰʹȻٻЩн
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ǺűŤŤŤؽ˳նն
Сò׵΢˵㡣
Цתͷ⡢ؿ˺Sһۡ
Sޱĵʹͷʼעеĸ㡢·ǸϿӡƵġ
ó

ֹһʱʵ̫ˣҪϢˡ
ǴͺSˡ
ԺSĽŲԼķ˲ӣźSǰ˵
Sǰˡ
·һľͷƵģֱӴ߲ȻһתͷԼӡ
СƮӸոպһС̫źŸS̺˴һûһ˵˵涯תͷͿSѾݡ
ﻹǿѾȫΣ͸ǵϡ
һС̫ϽڵؾȥͭˮǣźSϴ֡
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ŞۿСƮһۣͿ۶ǡ
֪СƮԼûΪ
Sҡҡͷá
СƮӲͳһź󰢸ʱȻãϾūˡ
飬ܿøࡢĸࡣ
󰢸Ĳġ

ڶǸ죬ϵȫɢȥˣˮ٣ӣų׿Χľ¡ߵĽȫΧֳɺüȺİһ飬һ顣
ԼҲǶһƬء
Ȼ˴֮䶼Сͨһ·
ȻҲѡΧźߡĻƵ·ԶˣƵһһȥҪϰʱ
չأ磬ӣǸøȥ밲ģʢһ͹ˡǴС̫Ϲŷĵģ˳㴫İ˼Ҷ۳Ͷ١·ϱѾǺˡ
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ʢһ߹ţһţүûŮรȼˡ
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ҪܣǸ
ıүţٶЩ
ֻİ磬һſ޲ĮԶԡ
ǲ¶Ǹ޲ҲҪڻʵǰԼΪŮɫĶ˺Ȥ

ϣİڵ˿ա
󣬻˼·ҴҺ˼ڲ衪ˮЩ̣İҲûĵˡ
ֱӾͳСɽʤȥˡ
ɽʤصСԺſڣӣźͣڿ
ֻСвסץ˸״СߣǰȥͣģĶлݣݣ
ţȻͣ£ָԶеˣ
ӣŶӵָ򿴹ȥͿİĺɫУһȺˣ
ͻһСȾͱӭȥ
İԶԶضźſ˸첲ܵǰֻСƵģʹ˸׵Ļ
İͬʱסСƨƨ
ϵ޷죬ˮ
ӣЦűӭȥү
ϰԵҪİϥ밲ȴŮ
İҲϰԵȥ첲εرס
˶һۣЦ˳
Ѻӽĸ֮İӣһʱûסšһѣִչȥͷţŵôֻźԺſڿأ
ӣʵؾ̧ͷү˵ˣȲȥǶ밲𣿡
˵仰Ȼ͵طӦԼɵ˰ɣ
İ˵ֻǲȥ밲
ûź⸽ķ羰һߡ
һ̧ͷȻİһɵӵı鿴
漴΢΢ҡҡͷҡЦ


298 һ

˽ԺıոԺͬطöࡣ
ƹ辰˺һ·ŵǰ
̨վūţԶԶؿİรūæ
İӣͿʰúͱոԺӣӴһģһݰڷŵĸֶˡ
ЦžתͷӣǴ㳤þסȥˣˣֻׯһӣܻҪȥġ
һ˵һ߾̧סӣ֣Ĵֱָ΢΢š
˶һۣЦˡ
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һʱֻˡ
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ʱİϴ֮һ顣
ٽʱ򣬾Ϳӣڵ£ûϴ̡ڵ
İǰȥӱָļͷ͵ЪϢô
ӣ΢΢תͷİ磬ס֣ͬҲСĵүû˯ţҲ˯š
İ־Դ˳ڴ£ӣ
ôһŴɫ˪ҹˮĴ򰶱ߵ
㾲
İתͷӣССĶŵĵɫӣ׹ӻûж¡
ӣĻرȴΪӨ͸Եñ׾ֻĵӣһԽСɾ¡
İ֣ؾ͸˲Ƕʱүʹ͵һԣ
ӣʶ̧һţһ߾͵˵ͷһԣϲúܣƽʱﶼûôóء
᲻áⶫأΪ̫ϲ
ϲĶٲأҲǸ
ӣһ˵һѾһ߶׹жŵƻ˳һ顪͸Ĺâ·ΧһȦɫĹΡ
İ絹Ǳ⻰˵Щˡ
̧ĺףʲô᲻õģүʹĶϲóĺöأ
һ˵һ߾Ϳӣ΢΢ֻҪȥȡһߵĶ׹ӡ
İ簴ס֣͵
ӣľͲͷһǶİժȡ׹ӵƻİӰճСС°ͻߣɵ̬Ⱥİ翴ţǾ͹΢΢Ц⡣
ժ˶׹ӣĶЦųߵôûжģ
ӣקŶЦžԱ߶㿪ȥȻһ֣ŶֹҲǶСЩ˭˵ûжˣ
İû֣ӣһЦŵǰСʱ˵СˣҲСҡ
˶٣˵䡰ҲȻ뵽⻰ʱ仰ʽ˶ӡ
ӣŶ׹ӣ̧ͷ۾İ˵˵ĺúõģȻһת
ӲľͰѺ仰ˡ
קקİӣȻԸ˵ǱȻвԸ˵ɡ
α׷ʣ
ӣؿİ绳ֻôİ˵
İһ˵ţһ߾ķޡϸϸĶ֮䡣
ʵһ̵ܰ;ס

źţۿʱˣ֪ǲǸýȥʰƻźǷŴʡʵ裬˯¡
ſתʮȦСһƳˡ
û˵СӾ֪Ϊѵʲôˡ
һ̧ͷͿСӳҡҡ֡
ϸ֪˶ãͣˡ

ڶϣӣʱİѾˡ
ﵹЩȻһֱãȻˣǾǳˣİӦҲھš
ûճ̻Ǻھʱһæµôһ㺢ǳ棬ҲӲʱˡ
ѹ§ʱ򣬾Ǹ˵ǳȥһˣͲôˡ
ȵ棬ǻֲġ
͵Ƿǳ˷ܣһõĲɣӵ


299 ɽ

Сӵľ޾ġؾͰҪССȫʰˡ
Сͨͨһ飬ʲôµġ
ӣһϸظϵѿӡѡѶǺôѵģֹˣȵ˺û취ʱʪϣ
ʱʢˡ
ſڣӣһ߸ӴСñӣһ߾·ע顣
͸߸˵ܵԺſڣͷӣֱ֡
ɽʤصİԺӵ·㳤СŽĻõʱ͸ˡ
ʱѾ˰Ժӡ
ԶԶͿʹ綼ԺſڣһȺūΧš
ҲһĴʰĸɸɾƯƯ
㣡ͺһûʹˣ˴۾һԶسŴ֡
Ǳģ͵ܵܵ۾ʱˣתĴѰŵܵܡ
ȵ̧ͣǶӭ˹ȥ͵ܵܣ
˻СأСȾܣ㣡
ϻˣ־ͿضЦ˳ȻźSǱߡ
ͼ˺Sк͵硣
С㡱SȴС硱űһ˿΢
Sɫ䵭ź͵һͷ
ʵ˵硱źͶԼЦʵ˵
͡S
С硢һλСͬСһ㣬վԺſڵˮ֮ϡ
з紵°΢
İһۿıôһĻ
ǰȥֱ۽Ů뻳УߣǳȥǺúù䣡

յ·ϣꤣʯ·档
ıյׯӳȥǰ滹硢󰢸ׯӡ
Ǻģʱ֮У˫ֹصطϥϣĿţűɽ紵ĳ
ܵÿˣķ羰ӭ
˵գģΪԼ͵ܵׯɽˮһˡ
û뵽ֱӳˡ
ȻΪǻԼ͵ܵǡȥǵׯˣ
ǰƺҲû˿Ҫȥ͵˼
ܣ·ֱȥ
߹һ·̣ڣһǰͣ
ڶƽϡɽ壬ҺӣӳһƬС
ͺSЩʧΪȥЩĵطû뵽ôһ·ȴһǰ
ȴգ۾ǰ˼룬Ȼסİӣ̧ͷС꣬ǰǸոյʱҺͶﶼ˹ˡ꣬Ķ
İЦЦû˵ֻǵͷ͵СԴ
ūǾظİ󣬾ɽʯ̳ɵ̨ȥ
̼λСӵūҲְΧС硢С
ռʵͦ󣬵濴ţҰݴǽҲеط̮ˡŻҽʱµˮ䴦۹
שʯƬѾƾˣžʮ
İվſڣ΢΢ЩᣬпʥأȻ˾ء
ʢվԱߣ⻰ϡ
ǿ˰죬վû˵
İ̧ͷ΢΢ۣ˿ɽϵ֡Ѿʮְ߲ˣѹͿдʲô֡
վں棬һ˫µСЬҶϣ졣
üͺͺSһۡ
ʱĵһ£Ƶط滹ׯתתء
ۿİһ·ʰ׶ϣȻȥˡ
ʢԱߵ˸ɫʱĸǰȥţͷ칰ֶİүԵȣūһ̽һ̽
İں棬̧üԸǵʥءǶСһЩ
Ͻͷ˶
ſ˰죬ҲӦ޽֮ʱɽ·ԼԼĴŲ
˻عͷȥͿһλƾɵСУˮͰͷܳأһһɽ·
ߵһ룬էȻ̧ͷôһȺˡҲһ¡
ôһĹСмϵıⵣ΢΢ʧȥƽ⣬ˮͰ»ȥҪȥסѾ
İߵֹ򼫺ã״ȥסˮͰ
СллȻſ˿İˡ
һԲȥ
ʢİһۣûֻǰһСеʦȥô
ͺͺSԱߣ۾ͿСһ硪ͷš
Ҳþ۾


300 ƹ

ʢȻ˻Сѹûʢ
űⵣֱߣʢˡ
ʢźź˵ģжԸ𻰣һʱ֮Ҳûô
ͷһİ磬뿴İ˼ǡ
ôһͷԱߵ⣬Ϊʢ˼Ҫү
ǰһʦлʣǳ˲£Ҳ㲻ǰգ
СƤ΢΢˷һԲֻֽ̧˽米ϵıⵣ
ʢ±һ֣ϣǺУҪȴİֺֹ̧񡣡
Сһһ٣תͷİ翴
úİĿһӴС˶ֽȴһ΢΢һЦĿȻصλʿԵԵɡ
İƺԼʿҲ΢΢һ漴ЦСʦĻۡ
СվԭأͷҲһЦ̧ͷطGɫȴ˼֣أһһֵʿһضдԵƹ
İվԭأ⻰ﵹЩ˵Ȼ
ֳĬһ˲ۼһմʪСпͿɽʿһӣѰˣ֪С
һ˵ţһ߾̧ͷĿ֮⡣
СЦЦ̧ȥһߣһ߱ʿ
İͷԸūտСӣȻֻʢСʰϡ
Сƿţʿ󣬸ѵۣ˲ɼαطѰһ徻
˶٣徲غ쳾ǿš
İüͷ΢΢һСУ˼
վſڣСеʿԵһȣȥס֡
һ˵ţһ߱Ҵ߷ȥ
һһλϺ˳
ֻǸոպİ˸棬һ£ľԭվסˡ
Ĺʡ
վԱߣŰλϺС˸ʫƵģͣһԣһ
Ȼ˵˼䣬ֱӾ͸Ϻˡ
ӶŽȥſڵʯһСˮӵĴɱƯżҶ
ǿһۣû
ʯԱߣС֣Ӻףתͷ̲סʴ񣺡㣬ǳ˵ʲôɽ֪ʲô˼𣿡
ʯͷҶݻңԸŤŤ˰죬ԱŮӽϴ£˺һ㡣
ҡҡͷش͵⣺֪
˵꣬ǾĻشڵܵ˵ЩĮˣǲֹӣڴɽֵģԽдɽ
˵棬ԼҲˡ
۾Ŵ͵ֹӣôǴûԹҲû
˶٣һڿˮֻСֹԹԵطϥϣ໥յýģ͵ҪʳҶֵˡҲûùʲôɽҳԡ
ԱߣȻŤŤʯ࣬ǻǴƨһѳݸ;͵ʯĺܣɱˣܵܣϡ
ͶЦˣ־ʹǱߣִСѣ̧ͷң
⻰͸гɾ͸ˡ
Сһ͵ܵܵСһ𳤴֣Ȼһ
ô˵ţԱߵĺSڶУһۣȻ󴽽ǹһ˿Ц⡣
뵽СЩ𾭣صƹǴƹƹǣҵ֮
⻰һʱˡողڵܵǰڹļӣ̨̱
Ϊĸ飿
ʱ򣬾ĴС̫
СӸղŲȥϰ׼õĸ̶ˡ
Ϊİ絽ɽˮҲǿߡ
ôһƣǺϺе̸ˡ
۳İԺ֮Уһ˵һߵͷʱʱתͷŮһۡ
С֣Źӣһס֣һֻ־Ͱѹӷϣ㣬Թӡ
Ȼְӣɿ˳͵˺Sǰ磬Ը⡣
S˵ԣŵϤζ
ζвԶļ䡣
Ǻ͵Ķรһַ΢΢ɫĸ㡢ſɬǿдŨ񣬻ζ
ϲ
S̲סһڿˮ̧ͷź͵ཱུܵС
ܵ͵صָ㣿
С֣ſߣһЦСϲԵģҼǵôǰҲϲ㣬԰ɣ
һ˵һ߾һڿˮܴ󷽵ؽǰƣֳӦá


301 

S֪ôģۿĪһȣоЩᡣ
ϴΣںͰȥ·ϣҲ͵ܾܵ
Ҳ͸ŵܵմ⣬һΡ
û뵽͵ܾܵͼסˡ
ǵôá
SȻ֣ȥһ͵ܵСӡ
ǣֵܰ
ڶԺﱻѹ־ˣԽǳ󣬾Խұ¶Լϲʲôϲʲô
Ψһŭ˶Ҫɫ
ƺ֪ˡĻѾĿͷ
˼صǰSһɿУͷؾ׽
С֣Ҫںȥø㣬ȻէȻʦݵú
Ӷһ̧ͷͿȻϺеĶվȥ
ߵſڵʱİȴ˶٣
ʱһ̬ó˻ʰļƣͷϺг˵ֻδӴ˵عҲδʦĪҪ𣡡
ϺвԲӦ¶֮ɫׯϡ
˫ֺʮ΢΢İһ

뿪ɽ£ɽ·ֻһ·дȥ
ڴ˽ׯӣﲻԭũĵطҲ˼Сʮֵӻ̯ӡ
Сؽֽﲻ
ջɣǸϼӣһʱ֮вˣˣѡ˶֮ʩչʮ˰գȲʺǮ
͡Sʹ񶼿ĿתֻʮȤؽֹţֻҪȤСвſ
̯ŷλ쳣֪Ǹ˼ҵĹС㡢ҲŽл
Ⱥū׷ǮӣȻǮиĶģ̯ں治סǧл
һѾӵرһѶ
һ˳£ʱ˲ע⡣
İ״;δߵЩ˴ȻϣһЩĺ÷羰֮أȥ档
˭֪ӴǱղŵŪˣһ˵ҪطԸ⡣
͵һСֽžǰŰӸ˵Ǻò״ׯһ䡣
վԶһЩֱ̫ܹȥ
ֻ˫ֽǰؿİ硣
SҲվڴߣȻûֱӿ꣬۾һֱĴڿЩ̯ĿС
İЦáźǴӾǵɽˮġ
ɽˮ˺ӣǶ⼯סˡ
ôһ¶أ
οмҲǾḻࡣ
ҪֵĻȥϽǹˣѵǧܵΪ
ôţ᲻ñӺͣǵͷ͵СԴȫǳ磺ٿһɣ֮ǰǵûȥ
ͻһקİӣֻСһֱקİ
갢꣡л԰˵Žŵ
İ˹ȥȻ;һȣǱһڡ
ʢͿİֱ͸˴ȸЦ
һεĵſھͣס˽š
ƹǸݵСӣһޣкһĸŮȻһ۵СС˹ֱֻ
һȺģ˸š
۾һƴ֣ѻƺкǶĸŮԼڹȥЦضź;͵λСүҪЩʲô
ûֱǰߣߵǵŶߵĹϣţָһеһӵ
ƹæȥǸ˳һԵĽвϡ
ʱҲ˽һߣҲ˹ȥͿһŵĶǸָĩӣ״ӡ
һͺܺÿˣôųһţ̬죬͸һֳɻˡ
ҪЦŵʱˣรԺʱ򣬾ܿรͷϡϡõΣǺӣйϵͼ
ϵĻɫҲˡ
Ǻ͵ܵƹ񵥶һȴ÷״
΢΢ʺΪʲôôӣ״Ĳ򣬷Ҫ÷״ģ
һС֣ƵصҪʣµһŶҰ
ƹһ£ЦǶ쳶ȥˣǣǣСԵȣ
񣺡
ҵȻɣΪޣ۸ȴ
ȵȥʱСôһΣںͺ档
ѹķˡ

ɽʤͱİ˳ȥӣв١
ŷ˶ŮϲԵź۹𻨸׼ϻһһ𣬺Ĺ𻨸˵һ˵Ȥ¡
ź۱ͻ壬ں͹𻨵㣬ϸ壬͸ŵĹ
һѾе÷ĶŴ׶ɳ⡪ѩƤ
ҧһڣζڿлζƳ


302 

ۼŶ׼ĲˣİͺͻûӣߵԺſڣ˼Ρ
ĺɽɫռšˮ
أʵܿǱߵԺУƻεҲūȥ
ӣ̧еĶӡ
ö״Ȱร粻Ҫˡ˵׼Ͱ͸үš
ֻȥǰ漸λүׯҲ˵
þһŰ
ӣҲ֪ǵٵһȡ
һ˻Ҫ룬ΧһţŸġ
ŵȵĿ϶ͽݣȥѡ
ʵڱոʱ򣬾Ѿ巿ģӣܳ裬ƯѣʹͲϣǷЩѣ¹Ѿˡ
·棬һⷿ
⼸׶¿ӣɫΪɫԼԼúͼ
ʵͼʱ㳣ΪŮԵķΣõǻͼ
Ҳ֦ʯ񡢺֮ͼ
ǰżһΣ巿СèСͼĲϣӣ֡
ҲǴһԺŷĥλܳรϲã˻䡢СŮϲɫ⣬СͼĲҲû͡
Ϊӣм»İ绪ĳЦˡ˵ϲúͺǲࡣ
ӣʱͣq(s^t)r
žӣӣѣͿͼüʵԱߣһֻཱུСſڴϣž˯ϣˡ
ǵСѼƣر۵ǳƣСɫ۾Ǳʯ׺һ죬ֲʧޡ
ӣԽԽϲ̧չʾӣԱ߰Լһ΢խһЩ
ǴԽǰǴԽӣϲ··
һѣھǰתתȥСʱӶˣֱ洫˶ӵĻǻ
ӣ۾һؾͲ׽˺˵ǡǡ
ǡҡ
ſڣһӣȻͿֻС־ٵø߸ߣɫץһѲ֪ʲô;Ķֻ֦չ
ŵİ磬΢קŶӵСףº̫֣ܵˤˡ
ȻС̫ظں棬ﲻţŸɫĺӡСϻӡ
вֽװĸְ
ӣ۵ùǺ
ӣһ뷨ǣȻԸӿȥİׯȥˡ
ҪȻȥһˣĶôණ
ǽţͷ뷨ΪЩֽװʵ̫ˣϲǺһգ˿žͿġ
Ͻģһװ
ӣոӭǰȥҪİİѾְ
ҲܵǰСǰһˣסӣͷʹļпɺˣûһȥǿϧ
һ˵һ߾ͻͷָźʽ㣡
ҲŹ
ӣһ̧ͷȥͿͺS磬վԺſڣ΢΢顣
һȷҪҪģ
ܹȥһǣŴ֣һźS֣ӣЦŵʹһѽ
ӣ̧ͷİ硣
İ紽ǺЦ۰ؿźͣȻתͷӣ㲻֪Сӣһ·ϵ棬֪˶ٱ³ա
ӣƳİ˼̧ͷɷµصٸ㣬ġֻǶĿζҵġ
İ翴һ֣£ɵþЦˡ
ֱ֣࣬ŵѵ⸮ĲรͲǴǻһˣؽš
ӣ˵ͷ
ʵѾ׼˵ģȵˡ͡񡢺Sĸӣһµʱӣ͸оԼݵϣҲûôֹ
İƺһ
һ΢Цţһ߾תͷԸūȥԺӣ߸ʹ񶼺һ𣬾Ͳȥˡ

ԺС
ǰš
һһģһĲʽԱûרǵġ
ȻǾڶûĺ紵ϻ쬵ģһţһ߾ûޢȥŸʵˡ
ޢŸոߵſڣͿСԺ֮УİߵС̫һ·Сܹ档
˵İùͶ綼һٰͻøصˡ
ˣЩһֲޣݴĸ裬Ҳ۵ùǺ
ЩϲİȻ뵽˹֪ͨһɼİҲǻȺһŵġ
ء


303 治

ôţ˳˺һ䣺үԺأ
⻰һС̫ͷϵĺӾۿɼðˡ
С̫ɫ;òԾ
ϾǸѾʵô΢ķִ硪Ҳ±ˡ
̧̧֣Цŵȥɡ
С̫һ񣺡ūūŸˡ
Ȼӣһ·С⵽ſڣת̨ףǳһ
ۿС̫ŲҴңȥĬָԱߵĲյ
ޢȥ͵ˮˣūٸһյգ
һ˵һ߾Ҫյȴ͵һ߬ס󣺡ȥƣүǲǱţ
ǱߡָıߣȻǲԶˡ
ޢĬĬشۣ͵Ǻο࡭
һλϣүšûϵүҪȥšҲûϵүܰҵĴͶҲȥȥ
ޢ棬ʵ˵Ͷʲôʱֳˣ
˼òã
ร϶úõھǵıոء
ǻޢתһ룬ڸ˵ǵն⣬ү˵ģ˵Ͷ硣
ѹָΪԼ˽вƲ
ôһ룬ޢ־ˡ
̾һڳ̧֣渣СȣżһٷĹ򣬺øˣһʱ֮ѷҲСҲʱһλСҲͻˡܻҪ˯µģ
ôţȴľЩҪһ丣ΣһȴͶˣǧѺǡ
ǻޢ룬ֻǰ仰ȥ
û˵
ʹǸĴŮ˵ģҲѾˡ
˵ö࣬ζñӶࡢñԶ
ˣԵӴˡ
õΪĸ
Ժأ

ɽʤء
ӣŰ
ƽȣǲʢȻܶСѵθڡһҡ
ʿСŷöŰһ˴Сŷ˳
ź۹𻨸УȥһðӣȴԱѺǡ˵ʵڻ̵úܣǧܳԣҪһá
Ȼָÿ˷鶹ɳ⡣
ͺS粻һ
รȻڲİôи˻ʼ뺵ġรǶţձ󡪡ԴöһŲڱ
ԺSǽʳġ
ڴΪĸϣλݵͣܳ裬ƽĳסǺͶܱȵġ
θʽӣ˼ţҲмּɵ
ȻҲϲรĸ㣬Ͼǰǰ¶ƱȥǶŶɳ⣬һΪƵģ
;Ͳôࡣ
ֻСŶɳһ룬ԱߵҲȥöɳ⣬ĸҭţԱÿӸһֿˣι
ҡͷԵرʾҪģҪһġ
־ͰõСԴ§סˡ
һÿӼĶɳ⣬һ߾͸Сιһڡ
˵Ҳ֡ĸϲ񣬱һιʱͰĳԵĺ㡣
һ߳ԣһ߻绳ֱꡣ
ĺܡ
İ翴ȤȻſӣȴ˳ԣֻһȸЦݣӣԶŮţ֮УȻӶ࣬׻һĸӸס
Ȼͷɢ˼ά뵽˵ʮİ硣
ӣڱϣЦźιȻһתۣͳİϵ
ͷſӣѵõԼ¡
İ绹뵽˽ɽ֮Уλסɮ˵Ļ
˵
뵽ɮǾ治ĻİֻĿѪһ
漴ؿסԼ˼
ܣ
Ӧܰɡ

ӣźͺʹ˵Ц񱻺ͱϣҲУ;С֣ŰطҪ
ӣʳָڴ䣬΢΢ȥǾֵصǣСһ㡣
ôһ˵ܴˡء
̧ͷ˰һۣȻס֣㣬Ϸ
ӦҪһġ
Ƕں͵ܵҪǴףǴ˵ϵġ
֣ӵһ
SĬһˣſӣĸ㷢㶡
˵ڸЩ̫塣
ÿӼ⽫ǿ㷭תһ棬ԱһŮص󰢸硢ūһζĸɡ


304 ү

Sһ£һ̧ͷͿรԼȻ˼
ǿôõζ㣬ԲŮҪҪζ
S˶٣ͷ䵭صˡ
顣

ţȲľͰѰһӣ˳һ֧һ֧Ŀӣǰ
ͺܺ
ӣɵؿһۣ͵򡭡ģ
ź͡
ɵ˵ͷǸģ֪ϲֻʽ
һ˵һ߾С֣һֻģһֻֽ߬סһֻ־ѾסӣӣҰ
İԱߣһ΢Цţһ߾Ͷӣ͵ⶼׯµļģҼªû
ŬŽţͷϲ巢⻰Ӿûͦÿģ
˵ţ˸߲ҵתѾ߰˸ȥ
ۿŶӻҪӣϽס޾סӵĵˣˣ
Ȥؽȥͭ˳
ӣžգͿͷŻӣˣ·
ɽͷֱѿˡ
ʵ̫ˣԱߣֻӣһۣȻ͵ͷͲͣرЦ
ûסЦ˳
SͷβĬĬһߣֻЦʱ򣬲Żż̧ͷ
УĽҲн䱸롣
ֱȥ
վӣϣķޣԾԾԵصﻹһ飬ȫˣ
İЦžӣֱҪ뷨ӡƯЩ
Աߣ۾Ȼ֣󵨵޵รѾǼˣٴ磬ǾֻϵŮˣ
⻰һ˵İʱ͹Ц
ǿڣȴ£ǷԸʢȥԺӣ⼸칬ʹ͵ĺö
ʱİҲǲ˰Ѵʹ󰢸ͻظԺȥˡ
Ǹ֮󣬺û飬ǰ񵱳ߡԼϥϣһС֣һ̧ĸ첲ٸ߸ߣȻ͡
õ˸ޡ
ʢһϻӻˡССһֻϻӣķ͸ŵѬϢ
ӹӣǰϾ͵ร
ӣ뿪ϻӣּİ紽ǺЦЦؿԼʹţֻŴҸոסûգЩۣͣͣ
˶٣סӣֵʲôöүأ
Աߣ⻰תͷ죬͵͵Ц
С֪ʲôǿ͵ЦݣҲЦˡ
ӣȥϻӣ˭֪ϻӷ֮ι̣˼û򿪡
İ״ֱָϣһٰϻӴ򿪡
ոմ򿪣ӣ۾ˣ
ϻһ鴮
幬֮СӸรǣľβࡪƩ糯顢ԼЩ󲿷ʱڳʱŴϡ
ǴˣҲǵζŨ
ճУΪװε࣬ոĸรǸҲֻ½ϣ鴮ѡ
ʵͦѵãҲͦټ
ӣͿ⴮鴮ͨ嶼ǵɫÿһСΣǶŷ۱ͼԱ߻ҶƬ
зۻƵıǶÿһƶ̵ļΪϸ壬ɫһʤա
ʲô
ӣŵƻ𣬰鴮ٸϸĻͼ
һġʼİ
İͷһһ̧ۣÿӣϵӡ
̿΢΢ǣ̧ӣϣŵӣҲϲ𣿡
ϲϲúܣӣס鴮ЦžͶİͷ
İͷ͵ǺöСҲϸţʺ㡣
һ˵һӣù鴮ڵƻƬ̣үϡ
ӣϵľͰԴȥˡ
ʵǹɿɰİ翴ſţбһƬϲ
û˳סӣ°ͣ޷һǣŵԡ
ԱߣʱС֣סԱýζ۾
ŬţҡСԴͼӸָٿһͬʱ߬Сȭͷ翴
ƾʲôԿòܿ
İְ̧ӣ鴮
ϻѬѬþˡ鴮һϲӣӣͱһɰŵΧš
ָ̧֣ⴥ˴鴮㣬Ƣ
žա鴮ֱԴ߹Чеϲԡԡ


305 Ľ֮˼

ӣֱժˡ
ϣĸŮӲԼձøĶأ
ӣվûǸİлл
үֻû˵ڣͱİһѰ뱧ˡ
İվֱӣҶ鴮һȻһ֣ӣͷϺҲŵӣӣ˼
˼۾Ҳˣ˵ͷˣ
ԱߣͿŶͷϵӣذ
ȻͰһԱ֮¡
ĬĬСסؿڣŶ(????p)
ۿӣ鴮֡ӶˣİԼָ֣һӲˣų̾Ķûһ߬ʲôúóԷ
ӣһͷЦŲ˿ӡ
ƻ֮£İ簲س˼Ӳˣ뵽Դׯӵһ𣬵Ҳкüˡ
ʵﶼЩ಻סˡò˺üΣ֪ճ̰ţΪĸʲôʱܺӸһȥμӸʲôġ
ӣȴǰ֮ء
Ҳûʹ
ƺҲûʵ˼
İôţ׽˼ڣ̧ɨһӣ״ʵǹ⼸գֻԺƲƣ
ӣ̵صͷ鴮
İ粻ˣҪúóԷ
ô۾ǿԵİɣ
İ緢ʣӣ̧ͷģ˼صÿܿ㣬ôƣ
İ粻Ծ΢Цˡ
סӣ֣ǰ۾ĹâȻȻˣӣ˵ҪѹȥĶΡ
ߵ˭

ϴԡ֮İ˺һ顣
ȵҹʱߵݣͿӣſڴϣֻ°ͣרоס
ӣһͷЦ绨ү
İϲģޱЦݡһźޱġ
Сһӣϣָ΢΢СĶ飬ͷŵ㡣
ӣЦ˶㣬ֻ۾г
İȻоĹΡ
һͷͿȻ鴮ڲϡ
İЦ硣
鴮㲻˯ʱҲɣ
ӣֱͦ壬һ־Ͱ鴮ҵıү
İԴ۽ǼһĨЦЦתӣ벻ٸܵ͡ܣ
һ˵һѾͷҧһ°͡

ȥ·ϣƣˣͺSǰĬĬߣһ·ԡ
ɫˮ
˸Ժӵסֱߡ׼ֵˡ
ûͺS𣬾ͼޢҴҵش̨ӭ󰢸硢񣬿ūźõȣūŽȥɣأ
ͺSľͶһۣSڽӲصնʲô
ޢЦŵش󰢸ĻȻǣλСӣλСӳһ죬Ҳ跹˼һ죬һأ
һ˵һ߾ͺزӣЦŵλСӣȥգ
ͺSȻΪ񣬵ϾСޣޢôһ˵ԥԥҲ͸Žȥˡ
ƻȻ
Sʹһ̧ͷſϡ
ƽﲻͬԵЩӲŤתһԣȻǲúǿʵı顣
ǰȥϥСصնǻˡ
һ˵һ߾ֳ˳Sӡ
SҲ
תͷ
ŵɴ۷֣նϾȻۡ
ۼӾȵ飬Ӳ˲£ɳɤǿǻˣնǣҵúܡǵնãСŷҲϲĿζ
һ⻰ԣͨ͹ˡ
ֱӰѹ˦˰ꡣ
նǰ˼úȥรţҲʮǣŵն˵ˣǸմׯӣϽصնˣ
һ˵һ߾ִĺɰͳһ£˫ǰȥն
SԱߣҲ΢΢һ¡ⲻǺSܵʱǼĻ
ȻƲӣˣǻͼɫʵأһһҵĶ
ҲԱ߹ġ
Ǵʲôʱأôûһأ
ں͵ܸܵรӣӵͬʱ
㹻С΢ˡ
һ£Ŵһ˫СŵӣȻһʱ˵
նģһ˲ʴ
һСصŮһƬĽ֮˼նﲻҪ


306 ǽ

֮УĬһΣȥִӴУ˹
ˣؾһ
ȡӣһ־ͰѴˣɣ
ס˴֡
̧ͷЦ¶ԼɰС
Ҳ΢΢һЦ漴תͷԺSSҲѽ
S
ͷעеӣβ̧ͷЩƣŴǸĵĺúӣѵʱʱ̼̿ǹŵն
վֱӣһ⻰ʱЦϥȥ
һ촽ն۰Ů˴ǵնŮҲׯ棬ŮȻǹҵն
һЦҡҡͷ⸮ĺӣ𣡡
һ˵ţһ߿Sվһԣ΢΢ɪǰȥ˳S££ڣѳһĸЦ⡣
SĬ£ˡ
˺һ֣ˣնҲǽλˣˣҲǷģǽǰ걼һգϽȥЩϢգʲô˵
һˡ
ȵʹ󰢸綼֮󣬻ޢŹŵ渣һյ衣
һ̧ͷͿڵƻ֮£˼顣
ޢ
΢΢һһޢ˫ŲյԼǰֱӹ˲յ
ޢ˳ƹ£ȱţֶŮȥɡ
ŮӦˣС˳ȥ
пһ֮ʱޢô
ϵ˵ͷҴǰǿѾͷʵû뵽Ѿͷ˳ˣ˼Ҳһײͬڴǰˡ
ޢ⻰΢΢һ漴ūŵǾá
˵ǻһ͡
ɵؽʵʲô
ޢţһһСĸͬȻڸľҲͬ˵ǡʵ򵥡˵ʵ⸮ƾĸ֡ɻס񣡡
ĬȻһ˲ӣа˰Σ˳մЩˮʶϻдд
׸˻ޢҸطա
ޢ˹ȻͨȴǾֵطҲҪǮ򵽵ġ
뵽ССıӰɵ̾һ

һյ蹦󣬻ޢӸ߳ȥԸֵҹū顣
ոյԺ˶ʮͿȻվԺС
ҹˮ£ż򣬽΢΢˶塣
ޢһǰȥ㱧סļ򣬵ūŵĴôûϢܵʲô
תͷסЦűޢùã
ޢæϥǧôƺūţūﵱ𣡡
û˵ִӺɰͳһСС׹ӣݸޢùƽҶչˣǸùõġ
һ˵ţһ߾ЦţԻޢ¶һСѡ
¹֮£ޢǶԶ׹Ǽ򵥵ʣʽʮСɡ
Ǵ˶Ҳע⡣
ޢת漴¹ūлʹͣ
æְ
·һƵģسһȻתһһľԼȥˡ
ޢס˶׹ӣ¹ĿŴԶȥıӰɰĲǸӡ

صźĸſڼתСӻˣһӭūǸţôˣǸϢ˰գ
һЩˣȥҵһ
һԱصɲȣҪǿˣȲ͹ӶܳԣūŸ˹
ֻҪ衣ֵĻƽȴᶨصյҲԡ
ֺĸһۣϥӦȥˡ
ʱһ̨ףһ̲סˡ
˳ĸӣԽԽˡ
ڸǰĹ˳ͬ˵ʱӵļҲԽԽˡ
ĸҲ̾˭˵أ
һĬһ˲ĸȴ˰һ˿ɵˣһ̿ڡױҪˣߣ⼸λźš
⻰ϾȻ¶˼ĽԵȱۣñڲĶȣźĴȻǸԼ۱ȸߵĲ¡
ЩĽߡЩ͵ˡ

ɽʤء
ڶһ磬ӣѹʱİѾˡ
ڱոʱһҲĵĽŮǡǲҪȥร
˯Ȼѡ


307 ˸

ӣϴ֮ȥһԶŮ
ȻԸūǽŰ
ɽʤ֮У÷缫ֻҪ򿪴Ϲ̵ļ඼
ͺһһߣӣһš
һãһߺ;Ͱɽׯ·ָӣ˵һ飬˵ɽй¡
ӣž͵ֲʱԭ
Ÿͣ⻰͵ǸСûʲôģǺһɽˣǼϲŽ˼أ
ԱߣһСֳź͵ӣżص磬棡
̫˵Ŀˮɳˣ˼úҲȥ档
õС֣Դһĸŵ㳤ˣһȥ棡
ʱİүׯǱ߸ոջ˵Ϣӣ
˵尢գүׯѾϷӣ˵Ҫü졣
帣ĸͲรпգȥϷҲһ𻰡
ӣһ帣Լ͸϶ˣûӦ
İ絽Լʱӣİĸ첲İ硪ϷҪҪȥ
Ϊʲôȥׯüˡİ練ʵЩĪ
һ˵һ̧־۰ͷ
ӣС˵帣Ǹ
ôһ˵İˡ
۵ΪСֱܹ̾帣ҹϷ㵱ֻǣ硢ϰ˵ĸรˡ
ֱû£ȥȥȥҲûϵ˶Ӧ꣬үˡ
ӣקָԼࣺ˭˵Ҳȥˣ
İЦž

ڶ磬ӣׯſڣŸ
Ǹ
尢ׯһڶţո˵أӱ帣ӭ
ӣͿһװ󸾣һȺŮӵǰ
帣Ǹ˵ʱȴЦһͱøС
˵͸ˡ
ǲִЩүԭûųϷֻǹ˵ǹˣׯٲŪϷ̫Щ
ĸЦž͵ǱҲסļģùˡ
һ˵Цţһ߾ǰ·
ӣһǣźͣһֿ񣬴һԶŮׯš
尢ׯУģǳʱڣлĻ俪ټܡ֦쿪ȥƬĻų
ׯĴˮȡһ
Ϸ̨ǱߣĲรа˸ѾˣԶԶȥһƬŽأò֡
帣ǰȥ˷׷⼸รΪӣͬǲรݣǼʱͷǣֿ޺ͿɰƯ
帣ĸɫ䵭æȥǼรĻ˿ȥĸǽ񡢴󰢸綼е
˸ߣһһնغȥ赹ˮ˹һТ˳Ůģ
Ա߼ร˼䣬˲֪Ȥᵽĳ
۽΢ۣ˶㣬ֻڸӱߡȥһնӣȴվĬĬؽСַˡ
һ̨ƹƹҵشһϷʮ־ʡ
˵ע̨˹ȥ
Ůˮ̣λรȥʱ̡
ӣĿ⽥ؾͱǰİ˸ˡ
λ˰طTĸϣΪ˶֮Ů֮Ůǲ
˸ζʮݻϸһ˽Ҷѵģ
䵭ߵһԣԱ͵帣γԱȡ
帣֡˭ȥ۵λ£ܲñ˵²̨ӡ
ԶЦӭˣԶ崺硣
˸Ͳһˡ˵ĻӦдšҡĸ֡
Ͳûˡ
Ȥǣӣ۲һᣬͽ֡ʵĸรǣٶ԰˸Щη塣
ƺ˸һ±ǽһ㣬˵Ϳʼ·ܿߡ
ӣ˼ȻͿһСŮһһС˦˹ϵԱߡ
ʱϵĲˮ㡢ӹһأһƬǽ塣
СŮŻˣعſǻ˸ˡ˸ˡ
帣߶ϽվҪƣ˸Ѿվ
½ϲˮ졪ۼһȫˡ
˸䵭СŮһۡ
帣Ͻǰȥס˸ĸ첲ãϽȥﻻһ


308 ร

Χ˶ʱûһ˿Ϸˣȫ˸￴˹
˸ߵŮҲϽǰˣӰᰴѹţͼȥ½ϵĲˮûʲôá
ʪʵ̫ˡ
˸̧֣ƿԱŮõĶһֱ˹
ϲˮµţƺҲں帣ȥˡ
ۼŰ˸Զˣתͷɫ糣ɿϷһ߿ţһ߾С̫ǰ£ϷӺͱһҪϷĿ
ոǰ濴Ϸģรںһš
̨ϴ֣ۼרĿϷˣĲร尢Ĳร϶ϾЩͲסˡ
죬Сؿʼԡ
ӣԱߣüɫ˵λ˸˵úܣƢ󣬶԰˰Ҳǿġ
˰縮гһλǰָĲร⣬ֻˡ
檶ѡ񶼲ġ
λร˵Ҳó裬˰ڡֱ꣬Ҫϯĳϣʱ򡪡л¶档
ֻҪ˸Ҫĳϣǲֵġ
仰˵˸ǰѰ˰ռˡ
ӣע⵽ĸȻϻڿϷȴбȻ벻ɫأร۵İø
รҲԽԽߴߴ˵ţһʱûע⣬飬͸һЩ
ǰ棬ʵڲ񻰣΢΢üͷתͷ͵Ϳһ
ร˲ͱˡ
Ůǹǻ˲裬ĸû˰ֻȻֱӡ
ôһ򣬺Ѿ尢รĴ󰢸硪NһƬ
NͺͲ࣬ͷҲ࣬Ŵϵ١ǸŨüۣͷԵĳࡣ
Ҳܱ롣
֣һţǶ¹ŵСȻͶڵץС֦棬úܿġ
ԱߵС̫״ȤػҪȥźСץ֪ˡ
ͳ⵱ָNȻׯ棬ôһ֣߶иֺģɱȾ˼ˣ̫ˡ
Nž۷ĽҾھǵʱҲѵóȥ棬˵ͻСȹҳȥ
һСظҰ궼Һʹȥüˣ
ᵽ磬ʱ̧С֣Ӻףͻͷ
ֻSĸ߲Զ˿۾Ϸ̨ϡ
һȺūڱػš
N˳߾ȥȻС翴ŵͦģǶôˣ˵ЦûУɱǶɵ˰ɣ
ͳסӾ͵˵
סNܹȥ˶СֽţָӺ˴S硣
SתͷǺͣ硣
ôһҲΪ⣬סĸ첲ղϷҲˣѽѽĳͣ绹ʲôһȥɣ
Nں棬ͱͱ͵ĸ첲յϣ㡮硯
͵ͷҲǸƺŴȥɡ
N´˺Sۣһ°͵ȥץ֪ǲԸȥʵ˵ǲˣ
Sգգۣû˵ʲôȴԾкӵķתһ¡
ԥԥվ
ǰȥ˺S磬һȥɣ
ĸڿϷ̨ϿȤһߺŲˮһߺ˵Żһתۣ˾Ϳ˸ˡ
˸ѾһѣȻûԭǼг˼
˸ɻǸߵı顣
صλϣһת˷Ǵ̵СŮɹһԣ
һɷɷ׵ġ
˸ֻɨһۣ䵭صȥ
帣ԱߣСŮԭΪ˸𷣵ģû뾹ȥˡ
帣¿Ȼ͸̫Ϊˡ
ӣԱߣһĻĻȻӱקק
תͷһԭǶӹˡ
ѡNںߣӣؾصضɤ۵صร
ӣû˵Ѿס첲Ͼ͸ȥץ֪ˡ
ӣתͷ˿С̫Ѿˡ
ǳϸͣԲ⻬һͷմϻɫճҺС棬˳Ҳվڸ˱ϣö
NԱߣҲһรͺ͵ܵһ׽֪ˡ
ӣƣѶǰǰӡ
ϷмӴߵԼԺ棬ﲻ㡣ڱׯͣעЩִ磬ֵö̫˴˿Ϸ


309 N

صͷ֪İɣ
ӣСӹ˼䣬Ҫע⻤СǵİȫĶӵС֣͵ȥɡ
ͻһһתźN֣Ա߱ȥ
һܣһ߻ȥĸԱкS磡㣡
Sɷ˵ץס
ĸ˵һѾĵأ±ţˡ
ĸں˵ûȣSߣǺǴһˣҲΪ⡣
˵ġ
ϵСӺɣǿʮģֶ͡
ҲֶգһźӡٳٲҸֶ֮ģ֪ôģᵽֶ顣
΢΢üţⶻҲδ˱㶨ȻȾһûģҲڣαطҪȥһ˵ǰ
֪İ縮ϼӶ˶ģ˵˶٣ĸѯֶЧͷˡ
ĸûĺӡ񡢺SǶǸĸԺġ
˵ֶḶ́ĵãȻǼλĸײ
ĸʱȴԸ¶ӣģر㽫ֶĹ˵һ顣
ôǶʱ䣬Ҳȥ̽˼ˣټİ簦̫̾ҽ档
ѧЩϿ˵ġ
˵˵ȥĸᵽ˺SȾ˶顣
үSȥûţ˵ǱˣȾ˶үÿÿᵽ¶ҲǺڵĺܡĸ죬͵
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ҹʱ򣬽ūˮźϴԡ֮˻˸ɾ£Ϩ˵ƻ
İǰ濵ʦׯϣڼֵׯӣʵԼԺĵࡣ
һϣºܺá
ȵūŵڶˮʱѾҹһˡ
ӣһԣԺرۣİŮǽ̡
ʵ۵òУ˵һǽƵġ
İ绳ּůֱһţؾ˯˹ȥ
һİ˵մ뿪ׯӣȥ档
İ˵˵ţͷͿѾϸ΢Ƴĺ
ӣ˯ȥˡ
İͷ񾲵Сһ˴ᱧط˴ϡ


315 ֮

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ӣԺϺŵҪԼȥ棿
ǰӾ;ֱ
ӣֱֹΰɣ
ûãİԺǱߵūž͹ˣһϸװ˵ǵŲรรشæҲš
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žֱţһȥ
Ҳҡҡλ˹ϳصҲȥѽ~
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ӣֿźͷģ
ðɡ
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İ籾ԺӣģէȻͻͷԳ嵽Լǰһ˷Ա
İ̧ͷӣϵΡ
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·Ҫ͵һ㡪İ磬һСѼȳŸ첲һ߾ɤ꣬ȥ棡棡
İ룬΢΢Ժ͵Ҫ氢ȥҲԣһλҪ
͵ͷ
һߵͷһ߾С֣סԼͣ

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ͨɽµĴС·ݾûУҲȫ
ӣһԶŮߣ˵Цڡ
İҲЩпһһĿڵС֮ܰС
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İһѱСȲȵĲ
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ոպֻ꣬СȾžģߵú졣
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316 д

İһ뵽Լ鷿ߣȷʵôһ滹š־
һƵᡣ
ֵЦ̾躻أҲ˵ѾˣҲȥ
ȻǷϻ
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˵һװĶܴľͱ졣
ӣΪװ΢΢İһӵӣĸУ߲˼ӣͰŮ˹ֱڻ
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ӡСԣˮ̯ʱ⣬ڽ߾ͳɤӴ
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ڼʲôͣͣˣ̯ܵǰ̽СԴ̯ϵӾͳȥ
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ǰֻǸ˼ҵСӣʧصͷ
İһۣ̯ɨɨط֣Ȼдֻܲ
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ͱСվ˼̯ǰԴͰеĶһ顣
һʱȻתͷ˻θ׵ֵ֣ߣѹ͵꣬и֣
ӣԱߣҲ˳ŶӵָǶһ
Ȼи֣дˡдˡ
һӦǣӦòܰɡ
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дõˣܰѡд
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İ鷨֪ڹŴУдôдġ
װ֪λ⡮ֻ֡дˣ
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һ˵һ߾תȥӰ̯İ·˰죬ڳһӣ˫ֵݹȥطGλӣ뿴
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̲סʵ˲ʶΪûȥȡȴҪ֣
⻰̾һ͵СβȥȡֻǼĸҪ֣ͣͣҲֻά֣οȡ·̲סޣء
İˣĬȻ˰Ρ
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Ȼİ翪˿ڣʢ
ʢͰѺɰȥˡ
İ籾׼һɰֱӸ룬ֻ˼顣
ˣǧлҪİ֣ͬʱԼ֣˵ǵ;ض౨
İЦİ˰֣˸Ȼӣͺˡ
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һлһĨᡣ


317 ˾

֣ͳ˳Ͷ䣺ǿλں濴ǣ
İ΢΢һЦָŶӵıģûٻͷֻǾֱǰȥ
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˵һõիʱ䣬ס˳µؾի
İʵղ˵իҲǴȤ֮ȴûϵҪ
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ŶӾ͵ǼȻԵˡЩիʮ˷һסһǻǵо
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˸İ԰ӣĸͻɽʤأԼЪЪһյ裬ָһЩǸȥѺSӹˡ


318 ׶׳

һ˵ţһӣҲˣúЪһЪ׼ˣҽSЩӹҲá
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һ˵һ߾ǣӣ֣ϰԵˡ
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ӣû˵ǰݵĴ㣬ֻЦԸ⣿
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ӣվԭЩͲɵЩж
ڶߣ˼ߣƣⶼǰİģã
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ͣź͵СҲ٣˵Щȥȴδȫ̼סûϵ
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СҲСһֳϥϣüͷĽģ־ڤ˼롣
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΢ЦſŴ󰢸磺Sȵˮؽš
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319 

Sͷ
İ΢΢򱡱촽ͺѰΧжϲ飬СȴӦĥΧԼգӱһա
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һ˵һ߾ͽеͶ˺SָźS˵䡣
İ߹ȥĺSļ򣺡Σ
SͷĬһ˲漴̧ͷŸصնͺ͵ܵһ漸ա
ӣֻ֡
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⻰һ˵Ŭأ⻰ѹƿˡ
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ԱߣС漴ԺСŵ磬Ҷտɺÿһܺóԣ۾ѡ£


320 

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S֪ܵЦʲôִٲ̧ͷͿתͷŶĿζһ
Sָɿ󸣡
ŞӣรѾڵնùˡ
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Sԥһ£΢΢ҡҡͷ

ŵˡȲ˶ʼ˳ɽʱãҰĶ࣬мŷҰ˸һˬ㣬뾩ͬһַζ
̧С֣С룬Եú档
ӣһۺSͷĬİŷ롪ͷβһ仰ûж˵
ŵСֱ̫Ҫ̫ɡ󰢸ǰʲôͳʲô㲻ޡ
ӣſţͣ˿ӣתͷźS󰢸磬ϲԵĲˣҪūźǷ˲θڣҲǿһеء
Sһʱ򣬾ͣеĶŷ룬һнš
ˣлรĹػ
Աߣſӣ⻰ԼһЦ绹ڿأ
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SҪӣȻ͸оԼұӺ汻˳סˡ
תͷ㿴ɴ۾վԼ۵Сﳶ䡣
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Sſɰ񣬺Ȼ뵽ֻڶ棬ѧһ㳰ԼĶ񡭡
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ӦǺõġնﲻڣʣµģֻиˡ
Բรݣڸʲôأ
קźSӲţĸæ˹˵˵ؽ±һߣָιŷ
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ϲɿζĸ㣬ӣǵáǰﶻŰʱ򣬺;㵽ؿռȥ
ʱֱڿռĻϣһɿͿʼԡ
ϵĴҲɿζġڱͰ֮󣬳һɿζܵĿڸУ˿ζڼ
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ΡΡظҪǰͣ룬ַ˺Sǰ磬ҼǵҲϲ
͸շ꣬һתͷͿ΢Цվſڣֿ͸硣
ԺūԶԶĹһأϢ
ԭİղŹʱ򣬻ԶأѾūơǲҪ
ͶԺSѰİ¶˴ȸЦݡ
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˵Ķѵ룺޷ǺͺSֵȻһˣҪŻѧϰͬɳΪ˴˰飬ֻ̰档
˵ţһһ䣬ԱСӾĬֱʹɫöѺͰղһ߸Ͻˡ
ҿүûƼ
ڶţץץףеյرǡǳǣǳѽ
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Ȼ̧ͷŰ꣬Sŷ֣꿴ź͵ܵܵʱ۶ǳĹâ
ʹ͵ܷܵˡ
İֽյ϶˶٣˳ִ߹밲ĸӹſźͣǳĵؽ͵˵ǡֻ̰桯ǡ桯
͵¶ЦݣֻཱུС̧ļûȫӼסˣȻĽѵ밢ģ
һ˵ţһ߾Ȼ󿴺S㶵վһԣľͷ׮Ƶġ
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һȥ
Sһһ߾뵽󣬰ԹնģԼߵġ
񲻹˼ʱรȻǣԼ뿴ԼΡ
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Ȼ谮ܵܣҲǹԼġ


321 ľΧ

֮󣬵ۼ̣ׯȥľΧ
Χ֮ǰ򵼴󳼴򵼹ٱۼ֮أǰ滤ͳн䱸ΧҪ󳼡ٱΧɹڵȡ
Ƿ
ﵽľΧһٶ๫·ͣͣһ飬ӣԵһ£İ磺ҪΧҪ칦
ľǷɺǡ¹Ҳǲ¹
ľAǻȨ＾Χʢ£ģƴ÷ѺƷ
ڵסƷʲô̶أһ·ϣӣҲİ˵˲١
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ף˸򵥵ӡһľΧǲŷԤóҪ߰
⻹ʵۺͺĳ
Ҫȥ־͸Ӵˡ
УӳУѲԵĶعݣֻпιݲС
Щȫó
һ˾ǺõˣֱӴȺׯûжԩ·
ǴϽǳķѵľ͸ˣס޶ʮҵļƻ㣬Ҫλ㡣
ӣһİ˵һ߾뵽ʷϣֲӺǻ֮һҲûȥľΧԡ
Ʋȥԭ̸ֻ¡ۣ˲ơҲһء
ϵʱ򣬴ͣȡذӪʽ
йʵѾڽˣֻǻû깤ȵԺһãľAΪʢ¡
ͺͺSϻһ·Ҳ˯һ·ȵӪٺãӷ˾񣬸ڰܶ
ʲô档
ӣϡ
ŵĿͱϸгһƬһƬ˽˸ϣѡϺõԭϣԲһζ
ӣ˲ԼԣչŮš
ʵǺܲһ·Ȼʼվʮ㣬磬˯öᣬʱ˲ٶһ߳ԣһ߾ӣϥϣСȥ
ӣĵذŮ±˱СԴһֱѽѽĺ磡
˵ġ硱ǺSô硱Ǻˡ
ʱʢԴżСŮˣ̡İźS뼸үһּǹӣǱ˽ӵĲ˹
ӣл֮ۿʢ˳ȥӪʱͷܿʵǻԡ
ҹѾЩˣֻ΢
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ӣǿճ
·ϣİ㻨ʱѾ뵽һƽе⡣
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仰˵طGԴӵǻ֮һζûľΧԹ֮Ǭ¡ȴʮְľAһμʮΡ
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С̫๧ˡ

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ͺͺSһ߻͹⡣
ӶŰϵĴͼ
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ǴӾʦǵȺׯȻ΢˸䣬ľΧ
ʹΪ˯һӵԵʣԽҪȺSǿİֻ˵һ飬ͼסˣָһ·ʸΪʲôܳ
SһԵɴ۾ܸϵܵܵٶȣʵѾЩˣҪֱᷢĽݾˡ
İһ߸ָŵͼһ߾һľΧеŵΧͼΧտΧ캱Χȡ
⻹ֻǺСһ֣ľΧмʮΧأ
žͳԾˣһ˫Сֽذסͼִսһ
ཱུСͼˡ
СԱźͰ磬״ϽսһЩ
Χô󣿡̧ŸףһСֱȻţһ߾͵
İ˵ͷ


322 

õ׵Ŀ϶󣬺͵һǰĵͼһ⣺ҪľΧ߱飬Ҫ죿
İ絹뿼ӣЦ°ͣʺͣأ
ͽӹСе̨Сƨɣ˶ſͼȥˡ
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ӣŸոճ˼ڣһ·һεżÿ͹ˡ
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ŹŵĿӣɵؾ̾һ
룺Ŀʼ˥ˡ
˥ϵˣǸŮǵ顪ֻغô䣬ҲǸˡ
һѪҲӲ˹ɡ

Щʱ򣬿˴
Ź˱ͽĬĬţһľΧеĶɡ
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һ˵һ߾ǰȥعİĲϣԼһͦѶӹ˳Снģһĸ׿
ˣˣ
ǶǹĹĵġ
İոնյźһڣͷһĻ˳

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νһĲ죺϶ǰ˰ƽŮŴ˲˼
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ǿİİ껹ǴϽǰأһֱš
һԾ͵ȥɺѪȾ˴Ƭݵء
˰統ʱ͹漴˸һתӪʣֻŰ˸һվԭأѪڴڵ
ŮǹһأŰ˸ȰţͷĿͷᣬǺòײŰѰ˸˻ȥ


323 

˵¶˸߹ʱӣ̲סͿһۡ
Ȼ˸ϵ֬ϵĺܺ񣬵ȻڸǲסۿƵģֺס
ƽһį߰ͷһŲ԰׵ĮȻ
ԱߵĲรǣкüһЦ϶¶ֻı顣
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ȵ˸ҲûססͿʼ
ȻԣǷӣѹ֪ľ
ٶίҲܳ
һոޣʲô˵أ
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׻᲻ð˱յģֻǡƺô˷
Խ˵øԶ
ϣ˰絹ڴϣļʱǸҪ澣˵͡
˸ָ߬ҧ

֮󣬺ƺƵĴڵľΧ
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ΪôһƬľΧǵĵʵ̫ˣɽľ޵żתϱá
ӲͬķΧڼΧ˽⣬ͬʱǰԣΧǼټΧ˼
Ϊ˱֤ÿ춼ܹȡҰޣͨÿ춼һԳ뿪ԭȵԳתΧȥԡ
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324 

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325 С

İЦִļ򣺡磬ȡЦܵˣ
ҡͷôȡЦأⲻȡЦ
˶٣һ˿صȻĵܵһİ֮ˣܻȫȻǼá
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§סӣĲӣСſؿڣصղһС硪úúÿģ
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ͺͺSкӵӪʰһ𣬾Աߣںܽʲô˿ȥ
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һ˵һ߾͸ӣһ̲衣
ӣĿˣ̲ǷһЩģ⣬ཹཱུؾͺȥˡ
ûȶãʹǱ߻ˣСӸ棬ﻹһֻҰӡ


326 

ӸոմãȻţΪˣͽӹһӣֻǵתȦӿֻֿ
վϣ״ָۣž͵ã
͹ȥ׾ٵľͰСӸץˣ͵ǰȥ棡
ֱסСӣСӾżˣҴţͼѰӳȥȱڡ
ͱСӡ
ӣԱߣŵҰһζ
ͿţϲСӵúܣ֪ұ㲻ˣֱӴ档
˶٣ɡ
ӣ˿ŮСӣУһӣٷŻȥɡ
ͼӦˣһתͷСӵȥҵҩۣ˿ڣҸɾûùӣװԺˡ
һϵлԸˮ
ӣŵЩпЩˡ
ڵСӣ˱̧ͷźЦһµлл磡
СԴ۰صû¶
ӣӶͷ϶Ǻ飬ǹȥӸϸĵĲ˲ֵͺSӪѾˣԱߣȥϴһ£ѣһ
͵һԼѬԼЩģӦˣת׼ȥȴֱﺰסˡ
ӣNǼӣʶ
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һСԴϸ룬渵Ҳģŵļ
ӣһţһ߲֪ԼƵĲЩӹȻǳѫ󳼼ҵӵܣҲͺN࣬Բű˹ӡ
ֵиɫӵģŰģ˭ҵСӣ
ԼһûͷĪЩʲô
ӣҡҡͷûʲôȥɡ
͵ʣǸӪУūѾ˵ϴԡˮ࣬ȹȥ
˿еʣתȥˡ
ӪʣһãͱSӪĶ˶ͬһϿһ㣬飬ͷ
͹ȥڵƻ֮¿һۡԭҲƽڱոʱѧöЩ顣
ȴû뵽Ƕˡ
ƹм״棬ūźŲϴ֮󣬻һѣžûˬ˲١
߳һڣһ߿ǽϹŵһѹ⹭ϵõģǺSĹ
еúܣϷתͷ磬⹭԰ɣ
SΣ棬Ƥֻһ£㡣
һü־ͽǹȡʮ£ȻߵӪ档
棬ص״ΪҪǱֺõϼͲ˵ǰ治ԶʱļӣƲȥ
ˣͶ˶תӪһ𣬶źS͵磬Щˣѵó棬ÿЩϧߣһȥ
SǸһǣ⻰ҡҡͷ˳ӹԱСƮӵĲˮ
ͷһڣصҽӲʣ˵ɡ
ӣֻЩȤ˵ʲô;ü͵һǱ˴Ӻ§ס˼
һͷͼǻͷԵĺNˡ
N§򣬱ֵܣȥ
СԱߣľˣϽСѵ磬รЪŵģٳȥūҪรһź˹ء
NСӱһۣóƱӪΧһܣֲԶʲôܵ߯Щ
˶٣һЩ˵ҹҺӪˣ
Сεؿź͡
͵ȣǶһ㻹ûﹻôɡ
һ˵ţһ߾ͰеĹN
NᣬһסüЦ֪гܽԱߣҴȥ
к¸߰ǰȥ˼Ų滹иš
ΪС̫ࡢ֮Ҳ⣬һͷͿǼκԼN࣬СкǼӡ
N֣ǻȥҰɡ
Ǽס˽ŲҪȥȴһˣŵɫӡ
˶뵽˶ʵ⣬һ̧ĺN򣺡һǱԱҲá
NǸ첻µزµӣȴͺͶԵ⻰˵ͷҲУģ͵ܵܡ
ЦŵͷͷǼӣһ˼ѡӡ
һͷǵɫӵк


327 տ

к͵Ļʶ̧һͷ
Ӵ֮䣬΢΢һֻкӲͬһɵĮζ
NԱЦ͵ܵܣ㵹ǻˣֲ
һ˵ţһ߱ǰȥ
ʱѾ˰г֮ΧλСæ˻ѣֽǰһЩ
N𶯣
͵֣ǰ˳г˼ʮ¹֮£ϻǰµβ΢΢ڷв
ʱǰȥȡС̫ҲѾػˣСǰ
NΪͺˣҲûȺԹԵһִС̫ȡ˼żӣһгӱ͵ܵܣ㿴ˣ
һ˵һ΢΢һɣʱҡ
Աߣ۾ͼһݡһǼӱء
NһԴ࣬Եö࣬úܣֱʹһʱٲιһΡ
͵˵ͷ
Nһξ˹
һúܣ׼˰û֣ȻǲϵŽµλá
Աߣĵصһ̲ס˸Ƿ
NһǷڵһ죬ʱһɡ
Ǽȥ͵ƿն
ΧūšǶɴۣţ뿴Nһܲаġ
˭֪ǼݡһֱӲ˼ӵıԵɵȥˡ
ȫΣʱһƬš
Nͨ죬һӣЩ̧Ų˼űҽմ˶Ұζˣ⹭õúܣˣ
ֻ£ȴû뵽˶Ұζ롰⹭õĺܡԭìܵġ
ԱС̫æǰһ߼𹭼һ߱ȰοźN磬뵽NΧҪļб㰵ЦѹһС
͹§סNļĵص֪ˣԭҵġ
һ˵ţһ߽N嵽һ£Լ乭żá
Ȼȥһ˲䣬͵С΢һᡣ
زӣͬ˳ȥ
NŶӣŽţؾԭشЦ
Ա߸΢΢һЦֲ̧˲ͷϵ΢ۿС̫ܹȥʰϡ
ʲôҲû˵
NЦ˺һȻ뵽Χ·ϣ͵ܵǲһֻܵ÷ɿ죬һֱӴܵҰӣû
̫·ԣϤƣʱʱϰ䣬Ա书԰ӵܣʮֿع䡣
ν䡱۵ĹУԾɱ׼ͷĿꡣ
͵ܵܵļNƼġ
һƶжĿˣô䲻̶İӣ
N͵һ̧ͷ̧ĺ͵ļֵܣ
֪ˣҲ˵ֻһЦֵҪҪĹԣ
Nһѣ뵽ǵɫѵĹӣ˹ԡ
ԱߣͿкȻԼͣɫȴһѵõࡣ
ǰźN̫ͣעӣ˿ңԥż΢΢һ׼㽫˳ȥ
һֱضġ
Nץץףӣû
Ǻڱϣһ֣ʵûסͺһã
ĸˣһ־ʹԱļͲǵɫӵкЩ
һ֧һ֧أ伸к⣬΢΢һ漴СӦˡ
Լһ壬һתżӣڼ̵ʱڣúܿٶȣ˳ȥ
һкġ
Ȼúûϵǣÿһ񣬾׼ǰһļβϣ
һ֧һ֧ҧסβͣ鴮
ԶԶĿȥһ֧޴ĳһ㡣
һֻܳסڷвϵزš
ڷƵôˡ
ԱȻǴ֮СӲͣѾտˣɵһɫ¶֮̾⡣
ǰλСǲ̫¶ˡ
ԭأЦ͵
ϤͲûͷ֪˭ˡ
ıؾ͹ȥ꣡
İǰͿNһߵģĲˣæȴЩȥ
΢΢ЩűԱߵС̫
İ粻֪ôģʹغȻ뵽˸ղȥӣӪȻ˵涯ָ硱Ҹˡ
ָ硱
ĲNǰ͸طG밲ˡ
İļֱͿǹѾ𹭼Ϻ޽֮ɫ밲ȥ


328 ﳤܶ

İղŹʱҲкϼ˵ãʱˣּݳڣȻֻһװվȴ֥һ㡣
ţķ֮⣬ɫʵļĸϴ̵ģ
к΢ͣͣشһλϴ֡
İһ
Щ֣žԶļ䣬ģ塣
֪ġλϴǰϽǰʱҲϰСΪͽˣҲͲô
û뵽Ҫˡ
λϴ书Ҳξ޳ڣӣͣǸŰѧҲûա
׼ͷȴѾˡ
ѵõľȵסϲȶס
ССͣʴȴݡ
ⶼмҵĴҷ緶
İ΢΢һЦ֪СкʦкȻܹԣҲʡ
İ§ס˺ͣѾһ죬ҪΧȥ
еĻͷһۼӣּСѾǰʰԱߵ
֪ûʲôˣץץͷԺN߰ɣ
Nİ磬Щηûּۻۣؾ͸ŵͷߣ
İкӻȥȵӣǱӪʣԶԶؾͿӣһ磬Ӫſػص߶ǻš
󻹸ŮŹƣƻ΢ĹâӪĴܻԱ֮£Բˡ
İ״ĺ͵Сƣôܳһˣﻹĵúأ
⻰һ˵ͶʱǸˡ
ӣ˹ȥ
ûԶͿһת漴˳ӡ
Ƕתˡ
һͶˣ쿪ֱ۳
ͬſС֣дţһ
һͷӣĻ
ӣذѺͱȻܳ᲻֡
ͱΪٻὲԼ䣬˭֪һ䶼û˵
СС͸ǸˣǻСʱһֻСֽıŶĲӣཱུСţϳ
ڲǺСˣֱϵҲһЩӣյð𻨡
İһѰѺͱˣŵСȥдд裬Щ˼
ͱڵϵʱЩûվȣ˼ñNסˡ
İһ˵šЩ˼һ߾ͿһۺNǹӡ
ӣҲǸкˣʱüͷһⲻŮ˵ǸúÿС硱
˵ʲôȴNվԭأؾصظİֶʾ⣬˵ǴʱɫҲûȥԼӪǱˣҪżˡ
İͷһ̧֣ԸʢͺNȥ
N˼ȴһתͷź;ЦЦ̧˸ƣ˼һ棬ɢ
ֹȥͺֻСȭͷһ
İվƬ̣ŮรӪʡ
ԼȥS
İһͷͿͻվԭأźNԶķš
NҲͷ˺ߣֶҡҡ
СкǱֵֵܻܡ
İ͵ԴпȻ֮䣬ǽһԵ֡
˵ףǻĶӡ
ֻͣкͺSŶͬѪֵܡ
Ķӱģ߰գ
˵֮ǰūŽƿİȥˣſSڴ֮Уƻͨ
һ飬ͷͷüͣȻûвͺ͵ܵܶˡ
СƮӹڵϣſڣڸSŽš
İֹ̧Ҫ밲ūǣǱ
ܸ˿ɺѧϽľͷ
SȻЩϰѧϣҲδһﳤ̵ܶĺ÷ʽ
߹ȥһƣİһSеȻǵġ
ȫȫصˡ
ѹû飬ֻһװӣ˶ڷ
ʱ򣬺SҲ͵һ̧ͷ˰ǰһæվ꣡
͵ûע鱾⣬ֻǴӽ֮󣬾ʹū˲ù޲
ֽǹˣֹǽԶͷźSһЦ磬⹭Թˣ㻹
İҲû˵ƣֻֽSǰ鱾˹һҪ
з˼ҳȻ˸ղźSѹŵһҳ˿ԭǡ۹ƽ
̧ͷźSͿSվƵվԭأؿԼ
İ԰һҳˣS֪һʲô˼
Sҡҡͷ


329 ĸŮ

İûŸͣʵ㷽ʲô
S˶ԭأͰ͵صӡӡ
İ翴ˣССһԭأľ
׻ˣָ˸Sļº͵ص￴飿һֱڿ飿
S˵ͷ漴ҡҡͷร˶һΣҲӰϧЩù
İˣɵԱūǶϲİյһڣŵȥЪһЪ۾ѣһܵܣһôһΡ
S˵ͷ̬Գһ˿ɣСƮӾԱ߶㿪ȥˡ
Ա˺Σܹİ꣬ʲô
İֽ
ͽӹ˼ҳһΣͰȻͿʼʰꡣ
İ籾˵ȵȵģ£Ǳ㽲ˡ
SոձūźŻѣͼź͵ܵܣڵ¡
һ̧ͷţĵĸš
濴žرг
ƺԼǶġ
SվԭأһͲ֪ǸýǸˡ
İһ̧ۿֱS
ѺS˹ӣSİĵͣ
ˣİ¿ʼͷŵһΡ
SţͽƮ˿ȥ
˵ܵܣȴҲԼԼһЦֽеıʵݸԼ

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ոձ˯ţĵƻİģӣ˵·Ҳţ͵ү
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ӣ̧۾û˵
ȻİͷͿָԼӣԼһ黨
İȻʧЦ־סֵߡ
ӣһ䡰ȥĶûüʳڣѾס֣ȥ
һţʱ;ÿ£Ƣ
ľΧ֮ϣһʱ䣬ҰԶԶĻܿ⼸үĴ֮Уƻܡ
İƣҡҡͷ͵ǻûɢ
ֽӣ˻ָָԶϷŵүĴúܽغ£
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һ㶯ʵؾۣСԴܲĵصȥ𣿡
˯иϰߡϲѱԴϣƺֻŻаȫС
ӣʼΪΪƻȡΪ䡣
ǺʹҲһˡ
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֮ӣĸȰţС꣬ϰ߽
ľ;У֪ôģϰðˡ
ȥڴߣĸ˿
ӣָŮѱ΢΢ˣŵӲҪͷ˯͸
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ٿֱ˶ӱ˳
ӣŮæסļʲô
˵ֻſڴϣֳչСֱۣͷβľ롣
ֱ۲ĳȡ
ӣԱߣû뵽ŮһС
źЦһ߸æϱӣһ߾͵˭ģ
Сܵص̵ģ
վСϣվӣǰһбֱֻۻչôġͼһߣȻһûƽãӾԱȥ
ӣ׼Աֻţʱһ̣ͰŮڻˡ
յض˶СţԹ㳤̫ˣ
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ŮСӣصȺıĵصⲻгиߡ˵ĸͷһáߡ͡ݵġ


330 ¹

Ŵ۾Ŷ˵ͷ
òװŮ˯ˣӣĸ֣ͻС棬ҹ˯̤ʵҪ˸񡣡
ĸͨ£ͷ͵รģūһź񡣡
ĸԱҲǲеģöš
ӣűŻȥϢ֮ԶžƵ죬ʱ䡪֪Ѿ뿪Ǻһˡ

ӪУԴӰʱЪϢ֮ûȥ
̽ϢĶ治۵С̫ࡪһ˵үүȾȥˣһ˵үˣŴ󰢸Ͷ硣
˵үȥรˡ
͵һҪ˵˵үѾȥԼˡ
ŷ
Щ˵Ŀɬǰӣôд󰢸ٶүǸ
󰢸ҲӣˣүȻѹˡ
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ƴ񣬾Ϳƻ֮£ѾͷһɵЦݡ
֣ĬĬĽӹ˴еСյ룺⺢ӾװТ˳Σ
δ˷ǲľο⻹Ǹ۵ĺӡ
ţôȥĵġ
ҵͷЦЦҲЩϢնԸ
˳ӣ˹ߣܴǵرסϵĸ첲Ůŵն
ôССӿţͲ˲һȻĸԣҪ˳
ôŮҲǺܺõġ
롣

ڶϣ峿ĳرƬľΧ
ӣ˯֮УŵŨŨĲľҷ
УΪԼھأȻһ˲䣬Ա˵ĸźϴӣŷӦԼİľΧ;С
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ױϻӾ͹ױ
桪ԼҸױ̨ӣױϻŵһ֡
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Ȳ
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ӵľǷʢġǰһöۣƺֻҪ̵ܶ˯ʱ䣬Ǿָܻľ
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Ҳʼˮһˡ
ΪΧ⣬ӣӣСܷˡ
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ȻĵĶǿ⣬ȻۣһЩŷƵֽһҧȥƤͺֻһ
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ӣһ־ʾūǽһSǰͽЩЦеص󰢸磬ζҪҪ
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ùţѲߵҲǰһȻУˣҴҵǰһΧȥ쿴ơ
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˹ű֮󣬸بνߣ͵˰Χ
ųɽ룬ǴżҿڷѶģب⣬ϱɽȥ
ɹ岿Ҫؾ֮Ҳǹȥ侭໥ᷢսĵط
һֱ죬ʮеĵضΡ
ڸߴȥͼ֣紵Ʈ
аٸнתͷԼӰǸпͨľΧԣǽ£ҲǻᡪǼƫԶĵطǴˮֻ㼲Ҳ죬޼̳˵λ̺壬̫ƽĽ̻ܵⶼڵĹģ
һ˵ţһ߾żӡ
ǽΧ£չС
һпǰ浼ɽ֮Уż¹ͷǰ˼ͷ¹


331 ǵĶԱ

ۿ¹ȺԽԽ΢΢ۣгֱͦŲæ乭
ֻݡһƿնƫеؾͰǰͷһͷ¹䵹ˡ
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ŬվȻ֧׵Ĺᴩͷ­
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ָ˸еĹֹԣͼǰѾȥ¹ϵԼǰ
΢΢˸ƣ⣬͵ү棬ذ׸¹ĺ¹Ѫ
ʺ¹ѪСϪһ˳˲ȾԱߵĻҶľΧ֮У࿪ʮнɫĽɫɲݡɫĴȸȵȣʮעĿ
һ߷ţһ߾ūʢš
жʱ˵Ѫζ
ȵˣʾǽ¹Ѫ͸ԱߵĴ󰢸硣
ϣһַһתȰŴ󰢸磬طAǺöӣ㣡
ںжҲġ
󰢸ϽʹˣüЦص˻ʰǰл
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󰢸簮šྻŵѪζЩŻ
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Χ岮ǣ϶á
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ʱ漸ﶼˣ
һЦһ⡱ı飬˼һۣ漴һǰȥˡ
ǰæϡ

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ϣСӣһֱԶΧĶ
SȻû˵Ҳʱʱػ̧ͷʱһԶѵ
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ӣȻԶҲһһȦȦĻɢ꣡꣡꣡
⺰ͳ̣ǧһ㣬˲ϯΧ
Sף϶ǻ귨ʲô
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ЪϢʱİźͻˡ
νض飬Ϲ˲СޣϻմŲľҶҲǻ˵ģźˮһ˸СԻƵġ
ʲôҲûãֻץͷպ˽ݺݵҧ˼ڣһķʽҴҵؾ緹ˡ
Ȼ;ŤŤȥԣ˷ܵ˵ūǸղѾϴȥˡ
ҪİĹ绹ҪΧʵ̫ˣ
ԱߣžʮָˣҲϹ֣һһ棡棡
ŸֱЦ
İ翴͸ˣԼɵôҲˡ
ſ⣬óһ鿾üõģ˳˺ϸ飬ݵӣߣ
ӣȻһͷ֣ͰˣˣŲ⶯ĳ硣
΢΢ͷİգЦЦ
İؿһ֣ϸĵôָָڴߵ۸ˡ
Ȼֶ˺һ飬΢΢չֱ۹ȥںSǰĵϣSֻͷúóԣ
S˫ŵӣӹ˸׸⣬һһ۵صлꡣ
İһһ˺ˡ
һ߿źSԣİĬĬţӣһ쳤ġ
СʱǸһ˾Цޣɿɰˡ
˵Ҳܶйء
أSСʱЩ԰衣
ڣһ쳤󣬷һԱţİͽˣʵȺS
ö࣬Ҳǿ
ôţ׻Щ׵Ĳģ̧۵ݸһ⣬صSӰѾҲŰܵܳȥתת
S⣬㡰žડ˳


332 

˲һ亹
԰⣬Sȴܾ̾
֪ΪʲôʹؾͽȵĿͶร
ӣԱߣSܽͽܵȵѶš
ʵҲͬȻѺS⺢ȥΧԡǱģΪSѾĽᡣ
ֿ־Ҫѭ򽥽˷ġ
ͺñһӾ˸֮󣬱˾
ô˴ӴѧӾõİ취϶ǵڶΰӽ
ٴӾǳˮʼһһϤˮ˷ˮĿ־塣
S¶Ҳһ
˷ڸǡ
ǺȻѺӵټһΧ֮СĴ˽˻Žǵġ
SȻη壬ȴǿкȻΧ֮УǺͰһ־ˮǿӵˮ֮ʲô
ֻ˵ԱӾˣס֡
Һ;Աߡ
ӣôţתͷʹ˴İ磬ϻ΢Цܺõӡ
ĥôڣİȴȥһ°ڣںSߣĺSļŵԲ䣬źҲǺõġ
ڶ棬ᵽԼ̧ͷˣźSͷ磬ͱ㣡
ⱾһѰܵĻȴS˼ζ

ֻ߲Żᱻ
οֳǵܵܡ
S۽ޣҧҧ⣬΢΢𣬵أ
򵥵ŹԶ˺ŽǡΧֿʼˡ
ΧǣһΧʱѾһ״̬ǰֳԼµһ档
Ͼжġ
S߶µϣС԰ˡ
֮⣬İصϴﶼںSԱߣͷʱʱĲת
ԼСϣںS´һźSСο磬ȷЩ
SһͷŷԼΪֽţڲĲѾʪˣƤëϡ
͸ϣSܹĸоƥĹͷ
ԽǽţͽץԽֱʵ˦ͷ
ϴԱߣ󰢸磬ЩЩɲôʹ
Sò׷ӣ͸оۺȻһʹǶͷ϶ĺֱӹηֵĺˮ۾
Ͻֲ̧˲ͷϵĺˮ
ȵ̧ͷʱ򣬺SͿѾԼǰˣظŰꡣ
SһţϴЩ׷ȥ

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ƸղأգڳʪƬ̦
İһȺӣؾΧյԽԽԶ
ΧȺɢˡ
⼸ΧһƬΧ֮¹ȺȺƺøСĽ
ǿ־ض˲ԭƧɽѨ֮Уϸգ׳
ΧԸоһ仯
ͱǱŹһ·ٴЩϵķûȥû뵽һ·߹ֻƼһֻҰӵӰ
Ҵڵ÷ɿ죬ɺһͲˡӰӶġ
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νɢԣָǴҷɢɻ粻һ
ǾΧ󳼾ȷĿ֮Χ£γһΧȦСΧķΧ
ֻҪȦҰޣᱻƵԽԽܼĿ£ȥ
ʱүͿʵɱˣ֮󣬲ǻӻǡ
ǹʩдģΧ䡣
֡ɢԡļʾԶĴ
ЩͷɥǺSؾȻϰ˱ϴǣţҲͦˡ
ά˺һ
İͷŸˣתָźSȵS
ôһSսǵͨ죬һҲͨͨ
Ҳԣ
ԭҲԣ
Sôţȥ鱳ϵĹܵ䡣
ոԶһ󶯾
һ˳ԭ尢ҵĺN
NϣԶԶؿ;ͳ̧֣ϵػţͣ
Ȼ˽ǰNһƳۣSȻҲϣĬĬ
ΪԼ۾ˣգգۣͿȻǺS
Nһʱвɵ棬źS´˼ֱۣSͷȥ
İûע⵽ǵЩٶֻǰЦŵN㰢أ


333 

NİʵҪ
İֹ̧סˣּϹ˳ڳ˼䡣
ʵǶǺNߵɱģôޣNĲˣתͷЦسź˸
ͺͶԵԴӿ֮󣬺Nһʱ֮û뿪İĶ顣
֧࿪Եøˡ
ţNȻƼ˵ԵһС·ֱͨĵɽ롣
һת־ͳסԱϺ͵ӣɽˮˣôȥֱֻҲдͣ벻Ըȥתת
۾һ£漴ҡҡͷס
Nһ֮ԱǣӣСžͰصNڣʲô
ͻҡͷľΧȻɢԣȻɢ˲ɢÿӵжƣǻǵйء
һ˵һ߾̧ͷǰ氢ѾߵЩԶˡ
żŸϽϣתͷԺN²ף顣
Nˣֱֻ۱ؿڣػصĴ˺ͼΣŵֵܣôˣҴǰʶ㣬¸ҵúܣôȻͱǰ»ǵģ
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SԱߣǶԻŷŰĹֻǻ֮Ѫӿ
룺ܶЩضӵ
ȵǸʱ򣬰һڲط֣ԭSԼĶӣ¸ҵĶӡ
ǣ
Sһָ߬ȽӣѪмľͷһ̧ͷȥȥ
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㣿N°ͶҪˡ
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Sҧ촽Ҫҧˡ
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ͼˣֱ㵲סSı۰򣬴磬ɣ
û˵꣬NѾһֱֻ󣬺Ȼ
䲻һ޾ͳ˺Sƨϡ
ȻӴóʹʱ˻һǰһԾźSͳбС
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һתҲȥˡ
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ֶģӸһĵ·ڣֻҪŰʱ򣬸ָ·
һ˵һ߱תͷ˵ȣȫ
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˵꣬һͷ˸ղɽ·С
С·İ֮󣬲ʮ͸ӵɭˡ
ɽ֮·Ǻ鷳ģֻҪ΢ЩʧͿǳΣյ״
һһ־ϵ嵶⻹ѧѧյĵһ죬ָʹġ
ͬѵߴ硢ʯǶĻƣһ
ϵĹⱻģǿɣһһ֣ܷɿ͵еĽӿڡ
ǰǶǵ׳鵶̫ƽʾԼûе⣬Ҳǰһֹǡ
ǳΧͰ嵶ɷĽǶˡ
һ·鵶ͻϹŵĻһԺ֮أ¶÷
ϲֻˣǵʱȥժڴĹҵĳһ󻨴һ·͸ķҷ
ƻ֮СС¶÷һһڵϽγɫĹ켣ָźͱߵķ
ֱһ¶÷Ѿˣת˺һĵԼԼѾǰĶǺNڴкʲô
ҵˡ
N
һ䣬ǰȻNǰ棬ϣָʹָǡ
ϵһֻ¹ذ̵ظ¹ǡ
Ͳһסı飬NֲһϵĺһЦ޵ֵܣ
ָָϸոձ۵¹ƼûôһѾһͷ¹ұ˵ˣĶ̫Ұ޶ˣǵõɽ·棬˼
ͲһǰȥסǿƵصһȥ


334 2

N⧲һƥǰ˼ŵֵܣ֣
ôƤЦĳź͵ȻͷָָSѹǴ磬Ҳ𣿡
̧ͷͿSڲԶ
ϣ乭Ϣضһİӡ
ʵ̫İˣһ㱡ǻƻ裬ѹͿвʲôֻؿвľ
ԶɽϪ
NָԶ͵Ǽֻ¹˵׼в⸽ģǱˣͷҪлأлҴһˡ
˵ţ˵ţͿSӺȻ޷ԶԶԶط
ʵǴЩͺͺNһ£漴ʶ󣬶Χ̫ˡ
ղŵݴеĳˡ
ΧһƬһļţһֱŵҰ㣬ʱҲԳһ
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ǶʱǰСǻмˣְֽڵϡ
Nںž͵ȺСʲôôһƬľΧǻ귨ģеҰޣǸɱģ
Nϴ̧ͷա콥ѾҪڵƣԶѾЩģ·Ҫٵҹɫһ㡣
ǽҪеҹ
ԶϪˮߣССҲ̫ҹˡ
ϴ󰢸磬˵
γ˰ΧȦעΧϴ֣һƣһ߾͵СˣһЩ𷢳죡
ԶSʱ䵥ˡ
ЩţսǻûתͷĴϾͺȻһֽС
ͺ϶ʱһƤ񡪡˵ʲôҰޣƺľΧô죬δһֵ
ڵͳɳлһ˿ۡ
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SǿһµҲ궯Ҫˡ
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һ˵һ߾ֲ֧ķҪԼȥ׽Сˡ
ôССܣûֿ̫
ϴｹǵغȵ󰢸磡ɣ
˲ǰҽеСǰǵøϽˣ󰢸磡
NЩɨˣ¶֮ɫ
ں棬ϣüͷһְסһֲϣN磬ϴĻǸϽȥ
Nԥһ£ϴ
ϴҲϴô˵Ҳ졣
ʦ
ʦĻǲòģͷ˰û
ôţؿһСܣ޾ɵ
һʱ·ȥ
Sط٣˶к󲿡
Ȼͷ˿Сܡ
СܸղƺˤˣѹԺ󣬾ȻûԭغߺĴŹ
ȥ档
Сӣ֪Σյġ
SֶſһſСܲû棬Ǻƺˤˡ
߲·
Süͷ˶뵽ղźNԼĳЦһɷߺ֮ӿͷ
Ȼ͹ʹĴܹһͷΣҲܡ
ܣޡ
ֻܽ׽˻ȥ꣬ڰǰȻҲüһ
Nղ˵ġҸӣСܹһ·ؾȥ
ľΧսƷˡ
ӴˣǶ㣬ҲٲܳЦ¸ҡ
SţѪ
̲סͣԭͣƬ̣Ȼеתͷ˫͵һУԭ·ȥ
ϴﱾںģȴSسȥֱֻ߲Сܶȥ
ϴɫ˲ͱòҰףСӣɣ
SСܽǰԼۣСצˣȽСûͷûԵ·סˡ
Сܺ¼ˣصزҽš


335 3

СܵĲҽУSµƥȻ˻
ŵ̤ӣرԭشת
SѾСܣʱһڣЩˤ
нҶͬʱжֿ־壬һħһ㸡ˡ
ʱ򣬺Sİﴫһ޵˻צϵûʮˡ
S͵תͷȥ˲;ˡ
־嵽˼֮󣬺S˶ϲܶˡ
һֻվӲߵĸܣȻһξ룬SȻĿеѪ˿͸һɲбѪĲɫ
§ŵСܣʱĸ׵ĺʱ͵ءؽеøˡ
NڲԶϣֻܣһס죬һʲô
Ȼ˫һУҪ·ס˺͵ӣֵܣܣ
Nϴһ־סͬʱס˺N۾͵͵طϰ궯
Ǵܣе󰢸Īţ˳ȥ
ССĺSԭأҲסĿ־塣
ƥԭطشתȻ͵̧ǰȣһ˦ͽSСһˤ
SˤĽǶȲãŵأʹһʱðǡ
ͬʱСſҲˤ֨۲ҽУӶ֫ʹ·˳
SڵϣѾŵһҰе
֪ã͵һͿֻѾų޵Ĺâι֧ţȻǶ˺Щ졣
ʵ̫SҰ޿еȳ֮ŵõ
Ա߶ŴˣѹžˣִҪ乭ͿSѾƵһô֮ǰ޿ˡ
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SرۣȴֻϷһƺ
ȻǴ˺ѷεĲҽ
֮һۣ㿴ܵѾһ֧׹ᴩմѪӹۿԱߣҡҡ׹
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ȻӲؽԼӳˣ
SҵĻŵȶӶˣ˴㶵վڴǰѹͶá
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Sһ⿴Ѿϵǰۿˡ
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ܵһ£ȻͬһСɽһ㣬ص
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SǷվɫ԰׵ֽƬˣڷ΢΢š
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̧ȥͿлŻǹͬʱеԼﱼ
Χӿ
Sûİסļ򣬽ؾ͵
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˵̲סֲһѶͷϵ亹ս˺SֵĪţѾˣ
S˺һŲʪˡܵ˵ûŵûţղŵˡ
İҲˡ
ɷ˵㽫Լ۽ϣȻŽSֱ
İڵͬɽһ㣬ĿݺݵشΧS͵ɨ
ҿлǹ
乭ôһ˲䣬һȥֻºSԴûˣ
İ緭ס˺SַԸȥеĴƺS
NؿڰΣתתİߣָԱߵһӵ壬÷ҵĹ˵һϹǴܵӣ
İĿɨԱǹӣͼϣտ쳣к
к˵ͷתߣźSֵͣ
Ѿˣİ꺰Լǰˣ꣡
İ㵽ǰȥ
֪ҪԼǰߣŷġǴСǰȥˡ
һ·ĬĬ顣

ӪʵͬʱѾˣϸϸS쿴һ飬ŵүģ󰢸޷ֻǵ˾ҪЩҩɡ
ӣİԱߡ
ѾͰѽ췢ȫһ飬֮ӣֻúһȫ亹
һ
طGûмʱϵ
ֱȥһ֣ͱһԵĺ͡
Sڴ֮ϣ꣬ҵСأ
İ⻰ܸˣǹޣ


336 

ԱߣźSȻ˵ôһ仰ҲǱĿɿڴ
ſڽؾ͵磬㡭
Sڴ΢΢һ£ǣסİӣЩ˱ˤĵطʱһüͷ
Ͼ׶ӣİǰȥס̾˿úõЩʲô
Sڴϣ̧ͷİ磬ۿ꣬ǶӼҲн֮£ӲТðˡֻҲһֻСܣΪһ档
İüİΣصһ棿ܵܣֻСܱܲסδ֪أΧ֮УȻΣգ԰ŻһԼţ·ʱ˵ðˣ
S꣡ӲĲӰ·߰ţֻҵĺN
˵תͷźͣٵشߵ͵ܵܣ߰꣡
İһ֣ҡҡͷõŵܵ˵㽫˵ˣмǡԺ󲻿̰ĺʤɷçײ˱˵Ȱ˵
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֡
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̧ͷŰꡣ
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ڸ߸ߵϣȴһҲ¡סתͷŰС֣ص꣬𣿡
İ綢һ
һƥôǰһ·һЩӪʣͽؾͿˡԭԼȥϴǱߵӪ
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İǳ鴤һ¡Ȼŵģǵ׻ûס
Ц˳

ۼűүԶƥԣϴ׷״յһഫ͵үҪ磬Īǡ
һϴ־˸ơǸͷơ
Ա߼˶ص˵ͷ
˲ƺˣȻȴоԵƶԱȡ
οͰĸܳˡ
SĸףȴһȺ֮мľΧԣûıո
ĸڶҲİϲรѾǲรӵϳš
ȥѲɽġӡ
㿴ңҿңҪױ˺ͰĴȡ
ø
İźͣһ룬尢ߵ˵үıչȥһˣ̡
İ͵СԴָָӪʵķתͷúͶȥ
̧ͷźȥӰšʱ򣬸øЩˡ


337 ά

ոյ尢طGͿѾӭ
ȻԤϵĲ࣬尢ǰǰԼҵӺN˵һͨȻ˵ѾȥҩĸSˡ
Ǻǵ飬ֵҲö˵尢˵Sûд󰭣һ
Ȼ˽ŽţİȻ뵽˺ᵽġ˵ǺNǸӣرһϹ˴ܵӣΪľԮȡʱ䡣
ҪȻֱ롣
İţ˼NĹӣ˵к
尢һ漴ͻˣİļ˵Ҫǹתá

S͵SϣһԲ
һλҲѾˣ￴֮󣬱ַдҽ
ӣָūʹȥ
ȵһʱͿSȻڴϣһ߱ȣһ߻СȭͷϵĴԼԴ
ӣһϽȥūǰѺSסˡ
û뵽ССĺSȴ쳣ĴС̫ҡͷԵضûס
ȵҲȥæźòǰ˸סˡ
SһֻǿСţһֱ
ڰӣŵ󰢸磬Ǻοࣿ
һ˵һ߹ȥְסSССļ̾Ϣ󰢸磬¡
SĬĬˣ˳׻ǸСĺӣʱӣรǲǶʧ͸ˣ
СƮ̺Աߣ⻰̲ס̧ͷźSʹɫ⣬Ҳܳλรѽ
ӣҪ˵ſڵĶǺѾˡ
ſڴҴҵ˸Ŵ
ͷŸ񣺡ͼն
Ŵͽӡ
ӱطͲ󣬶̶̵ʱ֮ӿôˣ
ʱ䣬͸ˡ
Щ첻ͷİɹ˲٣ȴˡ
İղȥS飬һ˵SϴܣûϼҴҵظϹˡ
ȻվΧһصūţźSʳʶ̡
SܣʵҲˣǰŵնӣǿ֧Ӧ˼䡣
˵˵ţȥߴټҩūţȽϢS¡
ҩİߵ˿ţʱۼŮǰһֱ
ͬһλȰĸһ㣬һֽS˵ӣһ߾úӣˣҩˡ
SЩܳСԴӦţȴЩܡʶؾš
ţȻֽҩݸվԱߵӣ
ү˵չ˺Sô
һ˵ʵڲ·ָūһ㣬õǳһλո֮ڡ
һʱ֮䣬ﾲ˾ΧūǷ׷׵ͷ
ӣؿ΢΢ţҲһ¾ͷˡ
ϵݹ룬ӣû̽ӹȥ
ɫ糣Ҫ˵SСѾ롣
SնˣˣSԼűǣ
һ΢ؾͲ˺Sӣά
ô̵Ĺ⾰û뵽⺢ӾȻҲ
ϼЩˡ
Sһ˵һ߾͵ͷУϢѾˮ˿ī֭һҺ塣
Sſζһͷҩ֭ˣųڸնģSˡ
˼ӣϣ⻰ҲֻǿЦЦ漴תͷʾūŹ̡
ӸS˲ҩ֭漴˶٣ŵ󰢸Щʱ˲١ǰűʱʳסУǼĵġ
⻰˵ӣˡ˼ǹûѺչ˺á
˵ˣתͷӣĿ֮⡣
Աߣһ£һСϺȻ
ѾǱ˱ϣʲô¶ˡ
ӣûŻӦ⣬ֻǿɫԡ
΢΢һ֣ͰѶӵСָסˣȻԼסˡ
ʱİҲ尢Ǳ߻ˡ
Ͼģ·ϣЩ𡪡ŷŶԺSǼ仰ֻ˵Щˡ
SѾԸжɣЩԱˣôһǸӲܣ
뵽Щ뵽SĬĬС򣬵ͷӣİܲܡ
һ·϶ӿ˽Ų
ոյſڣİ˸˵Ļ
ֽһƣͿɫ
ԱأһСĹĵģվӣߡ


338 Ķ

һתۿİ磬һ㶣漴ɫεˡ
ӣü˳۵ү
İһۣͿSѾƿӣɫ԰׵Ӳ׼´
ԱߵС̫ȥס
Ҳȥֹס˺SţţúӣҶ
İ뵽ղŸ˵ߵӣߣϸһۡ
ӣɫ糣
İ͵ӣҲ˺һȥЪŰɡ
һ⻰ֻ˻ӣཱུ֣Сӣʹ߰ɣ
ӣظİˣָˣİǰȥ
ת֮ʣӣһ۶ӡ
ͺһСӹܰȾߵģһ̧ͷÿ˶
ǰȥİ͸ˡ
صԼ͵Сһ
ȻֻС֣ͷ˵
Сǰ磬ҵãҵã
ӱϾҰãﷳĺܣϵشȥζʱѬ˺͡
ʶľӡ
ãСֵˣ棬Լĸȥ档
վԭأһ£ȻͶڵˡ
СְӴˡְСӱ翴
ոշӣŴЬͿȻԼӴˡ
ֺĸڱҲƼˣҪȥֹѾˡ
ԥһ£Ȼ˲ʹӵĳ˳ɿȥ
ö棬̲ոյſڣ۾ûͿһС˳ײЬϡ
öΪǸҺأŵһ£̲ˡ
ҿСԱߣһְסˡ
һ̵ܲˡ
ָߵķ͵ãã
ӣϽȥŮŮ޵ģһ߱Ůֱתƣһ߾Ͳͣغš
ڴϣʱ޵ʱҲˡ
סС֣ͶõǸ粻ãˣո׽һС
ֹס˳ҭź͵𣿡
͵ͷظ͵ŵ飬ʲôʱûˣ
³ײˣֶźͣϻ飺籧

ūǶ˳ȥˣ·˹ſ߶߶ڽš
һ½ĻľΧϣƬӪ֮ĲյžѲӵжн
ӣ˼̲裬ڽˣ߹ƲֵشյԼߣȾ̺
һصӡ
ӣ̲裬ŶӣѾŲµ˶Ҫ˵ʲô
ȻSС͵£кڣӻᱣġ
һ˵һ߾վſССֱۻסӣκ˶۸
ӣůһ£ȻȻ;ۿֱᡪҪˡ
סССļСԴãֻ򵥵صһ֣ã
ĸô໥ţĬһ͵׻ûסֱ˵ؾ͵ն۸ˡ
ӣĬһ˲ҡҡͷҲ㡣
񶼱ˣͽسסӣӣնǰǳöչ˴ҩˣ
ӣЦЦסŵһ仰ѡһ㰢ǰ¶ò
˶٣ͷŶӵ۾Ҫʱ;ȥ̽˵ĵ⣬ֵãҲû塣
̧ͷŶ￴˺һƺ˵ƺû
˶٣Ƶ㻹̫ˡ
ӣЦЦһЩȻǺӣֻϸϸһ룺նҲʮֵıơΪ˰ޣŪ˼ۼûзӸı״ֻϷййԹˡҪ֪ǸܳסĶˣƽƽ񣿡
˵棬ѾʮСˡ
SȻսˣüͷ˵ʲô
ӣҡҡͷվӶС̫ȥƣ󰢸ôˣ
С̫Ͱȹȥˡ
һ˻˵ǸʹѾˣİ类үȥֻʣūǷŴ󰢸硣
ӣˣĺ͵ĺıȥϴ˾ЪŰɣˣҲ˵ԸҲá


339 ů

͵˵ͷ
صֻSֻһɫ£֮ǰһ߶飬һ߲סԡ
Խĵһ԰
ԱߵС̫Ǽ׷ͶȵĿ⡪˼ǻָŶȰȰ󰢸磺úϢ£ʱأ
͵û˵Ըū׼źϴȻԹԵطϴѱӸϣ˯ˡ
һľνǷḻʣմ̼ʱۻˣûþ˯ˡ

һߡ
СƮӹԱߣһ߸Sīһ۵صȰ󰢸磬˾ˤӣ顪ҪӰ
Sû˵΢΢ָ̧߬ϵĵƻ͵ֻСƮӲ޳裬Ҳﳤ̣ܶŪɳ׾ʧ˰ĻģѧٲЩ󡭡
СƮӵͷĬ˰Σֹȥƻ̨Sǰ˴ա
󰢸ˣūŴ󰢸硣

ڶһ磬İӣš
ʵٻһӣͨ͹İΪ츣顣
Ȼֱ˵
кӻڸڣһʱûϴʰãİҲżߴ٣ȱһ
ĲӣľͶԸ˵Сܵ顣
İһߺĵţһ߾ë׵СԴٵҪ˸ץʮֻֻ
ӣԱˣүɲҪ̫ˣ
İЦ
ֹһͺͺSûӣһ߳˳ѣһߵүȥƺǡ
İŮԾͶӣ˵ͷ
ŮǳӣߵͺͺSǰС̫ȥ֪˺һ˵รˡ
ȻӣŽȥ
ƵĲࡪSûڴϲݣѾˣСƮӹڸѡ
ϣֻȣС̫Լѥӡ
һ̧ͷӣˣһߵȣһ߻Сֵ𼱣Ͼͺã
ӣߵߣӽŵżʰ׵ˣߡ
Sӣ˲СƮӻڸѺڣ͸ӣ񣺡ร
ӣʾźSеصô󰢸Щô
Sһĭ뵽չ⾰Ǻ£ĵ޴󰭡
˵Ѿ֮ǰ׽˲١
ӣˣͺСοSﻹǺѹ𣿡
SӣԼ֣ǳƺ󰢸硱˲̧ͷӣ
۾Ҳ
ӣС㰢ɫЩʵǺǵģǸðꡣ
S˶촽ֹ۾һ˿Ũصı̫ðʧˡ
ūˮԱС·һˮ΢΢ؽϡ
ӣǵˮ顪ˮչ֮£΢΢߲ʹâ
־Ữ˻ˮ飬ϳһƬȻˮۡ
ӣָS㿴ԭһˮѡϺܶҲˣǼ¶ȥҲͷҳˡǽǷŴˡ
Sϵˮۺһ̧ͷӣȥ˲١
С֣΢΢üһγӣ¶һӵЦݡ
Ѿѥӣ˸߲ҵ磬߰ɣ
ӣָ磬ִԱūӹһSҲˣŵãǹȥɡ
SһţһһŲ԰׵СĬรıӰһ
¡
ŶԺӣİ˵ԭǰһϣһС磬˼ȥ
ϯϾ˵˻ǿζ顣
尢˻⣬˵˹ӵ飬˵ҪNһõĹת˹á
ӿȥǻǵӣʵҲ׹󳼼ҵӵܣڻңȻеļ棬̸ڣǧ˿ơ
ǻˣİǶȻյġ
尢Ǹ
¶Ҳֻ尢ƷԵľһɹ£Ҳʲô
İ룬ҲЦˡ
󣬿²ؼǰĻ⡪˵һγľΧԣŻһȻСȴӣ귨ʮָˡ
㣺ȵһλؾ֮󣬱Ѳൽ͵Ļǣͳͳ鷿
鷿żӣ΢һЩҲϰһ
Ǹ¶ôһ˵綼֣µվüЦǰȥлʰĶˡ
ܹ鷿飬Ǻڰ縮ۡԺѧãȫͲһĸ
ִ˵Ļ˵ͽʦǳۺ
ӣһһߵͷ඼ˡ
İ룬Լ˵
΢΢һЦֹȥ˸ļصӣΧٲˡ


340 

ӣͷһ࣬ȻͿڵ
SǹԹһߵģȻİͿС֣ĵŲŲӣӣˡ
СԹһ
ӣڵͷԺ˵Ҳûע⵽SĶ
İ΢΢˶̧۾Ϳ˺SɫһۡͼͺͲ࣬һСʱʱӣ
İû˵ʲôĬصͷֺ˿ࡣ
һգΪSֻܾϢ
ߵʱİϴѺʹȥԼȴSͻ
ûˣİ̧SԴรҪչ͵ܵܣãʵæҪҪصն
Sٿؾ̧ͷˣССǴĲԸ
С֣ץץ׾ͺܿգֺΪѵĵ꣬ѾǴˣร鷳ӱ֤Լչ˺Լܲöӡรɡ
˵ԽԽСˣﶼ͸û
İû˵źSֵϲ𣿡
Sԥľ˵ͷ͸˼ãรԶӺܺã͵ܵҲܺãסЩʱգ
İЦЦնأ
Sһ¾Цݡ
̧ͷ̽һضŸ׿˼ۣ΢΢СصնԶӣȻҲǼõġ
İû⣬˵ǳôˣ벻Ķ
Sۣһ˲䣬˵ͷҲ롣
İվڣԸ˼Աūţ޷Ҫչ˺ô󰢸ȡ
ȻźS㡣
SͷŸ׳ȥˡ
ӣİһ߱ǰţһ߾ͺȻĺܺá
⻰ûͷûԣҲûʢһͶˡİܸˣԼûпˡ
ڿร
ʢЦԱ߾ʹȤɲǣūŴ󰢸磬ȴǰҪˬ˼֣

ϣİź밢Ǹ磬SʹҲʢ͹ˡ˳Ĺ֮⣬һЩԳϵսƷкϲĶ
һʯñӣSվУñӾе᲻ô
ñжأΪڸʱ򣬳˹ڣ겻̫ƵʹͶ
źSҲûܹô͡
ֳһЩֱѧã͵ܵһͬ顣
ֱʱ򣬸׵ʹͲŽ
ǺһݣSһݡ
ֵ˵һģһƫС
ǺSʮ׵ģʹԼΪ׾ááһˮ˲ƽ
ʲô飬ááߡáʱ򣬾ѾǱܵԸˡ
ͺñȸ۰͵ܵܣҲΪ׾áӦáú۰͡
ѹѹֲסĵ׵ģԺ͵ܵܵǻ۰
SЩͷеñӣؽС档
ñϵıʯģúSһ£ûŲ
᲻á
԰ʹ͡
ֻSһ˵ġ
SñӣСߡ
СƮֶҩ˵󰢸簴ʱҩˡ
Sһ׽ñӣһֽӹһȵʱһֻֻСñ桪ҩ֭Ūñӡ
ҩСƮһûͣЪźźSϴ˵Ҫҽ⼸Ϣġ
SҲûôܡûˣֲܳȥΧԣҲǷ
˴˱ӸǵؿڣSһͿʼˡ
֪˶ãֱĶǺ͵ܻܵˡ
СƮӣūȫϳȥӭӺͰˡ
һƬͽ밲֮
滹ʢǰʢԻźͻˡ
S͵ؽ鱾ͷ£Ȼ˳ӣɿش˴ͷĵƻ𣬻Żŵ
ڱｻ˫֣ūǵУͰǱͽϸŵһ
Sȴδء
ǳӡ
ͽȼһߺںһƬ˳˼䣬֪ѾЪˣתͷѹԸūŵСЩ
ūһ㣬һشӦˡ
ʱͰ
S߬ȭͷź仰ɵںڰУ̾һ
òϣĵ׵ź͵ܵܣʮָӵġ
ѰĽ
Ҳмʡ
Щʱڰǰ͵ֵܱ̫ܵɫʱ򣬺Sмּޡ
Լһļޡ
뵽รԼе񣬿οĻչˣS־ջģ˶ˣֺ壿


341 

ڶһ磬͵Ĺӱİ͹ˡ
ǸһϹ˴Ска
İ統ʱ˾˵ҲáСߣǱƽ
ͦˡһ֮ǰѾ˵ˣҪԼҹӣȻûؾǣȫ˰Ҳиͷˡ
һ׮¡
кҲ֮ǰѾģССͣȺ
бµˣб»ˡ
ȵ˵˼֮ǰȥס˰֣óƣֵصԺҵˣģһúģ
͸С
ʹ֮󣬾Ȳشȥ￴ˡ
ӣڸͷһֵõ廨ͣͿֲ֧һСк嵽ǰ͵йˣ
һ˵һ߾ְѰקˡ
֪λıүʮֵóรǺͰĶӣؾص
ӣЦž͵ã
һ˵ţһ߾̧ͷһۡ
⣬ȥ׼һСɰӣ
ΪСӣʮֱܻ䡪ӣǰȥֽɰ˰Цŵͷһμ棬Ժڶˡ
ƴǣӹлรʹͣ
źɰȴûʲôϲɫе㲻Ը˶ݵ˼
ȻΪǹأţǱϾǸӡױӣˡ
ЦЦ˼䰲︸ֵһһشˣڳ˵Ҳ
ӣͿ⺢Ӿֹݴ󷽣жȣǺͺһͣȴȺ͸
˵ϡࡱˡ
˵ţȻ뵽Ů
ӣһͷͿղűԼŵģʱȴѾصԼ
һ߲ţһ߲סسӣӡöٶڵһЩ
͵͵شӣŰ
ӣŮԴ˵ʲôȴҲõĶ
һʲôƵģץץԴȥסС֡
ôӶ˹һֱ˰ǰŵˣҲһ
ƽɰʱȴнúܣŵһӾͱס˺ͣ˺󣺡磡
Ȼ̽Դ
û̧ͷѾŵһɻ㡣
֪񷽲รͷͷĨõ廨ֻ͡ǾλվΧɢϢ
·һ껨һ㡣
Ȼһ̧ͷ㿴һѩɰСŮСԴӺͰ̽ͷ͵͵Լ
رŹ־顣
ֻһۣջߣͷūŲμ񡣡

֮󣬿˾
س̾ʦ
ȥ·ϣȻҲǸȵصǵʱѾʮһˡ
ͣıոǰūæŽƷӳж
รŮ⼸ӭڸſڡ
İһȦˡȥһᣬһ߾͵õȣڽүλˡ
İ籾òֻǳȥȺӱľΧˣֲսģ޿ġ
ɥ
ǿеֱ£Ҳ˵ʲô̧ͷ㺰S
Sͺһ𣬴ӣˡ
ӸӻСС̫棬ǰʣȻֱ֣С޸ˡ
รӾȻӣҲһ
Sǰร񣺡ӻˣ
รһ־һѰѶ§ˡ
һ˲ɿSַۣסתͷضİSͷߣҲɹˣүȻľΧԣ˲٣
⻰һĺŶˡ
ԴӴԺ󣬺SϾȫ羰ˣ˵ˡûء

SϺ˺죬Ȼټ⣬͵ͽڸһлô
һ˵һ߽۹ת
ѹûתͷꡣ
İһЦݣȥͼǰ棬ɵضŰŮӭظ밲
һСĵطŸˡ
ŮˣվŵθȻˡ
ǰȥԴ˵Ŀ˸ıϡ
죬΢˼̧С
С֣Ÿĸ첲
Ҳֱ
θ촽΢һ£Ҫ˵ڵĻӲ˻ȥ
ſ˵һİٲ
͸ں棬ֻһְԼ嵶Ӹ˺İ
յģһ֣ȵؾͽס嵶
รһͷÿСкò쳣ڣĬظںͺ档
ɵؾͶ࿴˼ۡ


342 ظ

Ȼص˸ϵ˻ãֵȥ˸Ժһѵ֮ŻԼԺӡ
ոսţ뵽ŸںǸСкʺSǺ˭
룬ӦʵǺ͵ܵܵĹӡ
ʵ˵ˡ
˭֪һ⻰üͷˡ
ضźS㰢˹ӣôûң
S֮ǰǴû⣬һӾͱĸʵôסˡ
ԥ˰ΣſڽصꡭδԶ¡
ϲûЦ־˺SĶᣬ㲻˵
S۵˵ʲô
Ϸ޷޵صͲ㰢ҪӣʲôȡȻ㰢ֵôװͿʲô㣡
Сʹ͡ǹӡԺأ
S䱻ۣŶˣŬ㿪ĸ׵֣žҹӣȻԶ£Ȼû˵Ǳû˼ֺαûȤ
รЦһһӾѹɤӵƨ
SһǺˣ̲ס㱳֣תֹôſڱտڣԻ
⻰˵ãһ˵϶ʱʹվˡ
ضźSããõúܣĺöӣ׶ˣ
һ˵һָӣԺӵķSȴû㣬Ĵ
Sһ漴׹ĸ׿еġָร
ǰİšľΧԵʱ򣬰รչ˶Ӽա
ϵŭɢȥȴ¶һ˿־벻
ɵźSչ㣿նأ㰢Ϊʲôչ㣿ҵĶӰ
S棬֮һɪССļ򣬸ϽͿٵնûдӵľ飬չ˴㣬ѾǷɹˣʵûӣ˵öһˣҲ㡣
⻰һϹġֻΪܹס
ȻŰһЩ
SǰȥվϵǰССӣ͵ǶĶӣԶ֮ȻТ˳Ϊһ롣
⼸仰˵ϵĿϣ̧ͷ˺һۣ΢΢ۿ
ֽS˹öƣղŶ侾۲ۣ
SҶиϽۣۣ
ſ΢ĽŲСӽรͲˡ
²ϣơ
̧ۣһۡ
˾һЦ
S۹ӹСӡƶ
ǰСʲôãһˣٻţ;Щˡ
СӺͶȻͣȴ֪Ϊʲôһ˿޵ġĬܡ
ƺ븮֮ǰҪһЩ
Sջ۹⣬Ȼ͸еһ˿˵ĶŤ
˵ʲôȥ̧ͷľͶСӺǳղŵһӶȫйСϡ
Сһ漴ĿͶร
ϵ˵ͷ

ӣԺһ֡
ǻص뿪˺üµļңʱţС⽿ûСˣżֻСźͺˡ
͹Цţֱһƨ˲˵صС黨ϣȻС⽣Ͳסذͷĵβ
С⽻ֵҡβ͡ҪβͶҡˣ⼸ֻСȫ
żֻС˵Ц
̺ں󣬴۾վţżһ
ӣŮ̺ţϴԡһ£һѣ°ͷˣͿһԶŮÿġǺͣϹȫǻ͹ë
İɣոѧˡӣ߹ȥź֣ʱЪϢʱζʱˣйءǲˣ
ȻϵĻһӾȻֹ
һٵСѧȻϾҪѧʱıʹ顣

һ¾ͱסӣĴȣͼó裬밢һ£Ϣ¡
һƳۣ;ͿվԱߣĬĬ
Уô˵Ҳйӵˣ
ôţ˫һţشӵվˡ
һȺ̫ΧߣϵĻҶ
ǰĶָָ
ӣԺӵǶǣ㰢˵ˣҪˡȵ溢Ƕˣֻ¿δҪǰԺ鷿
һͼˣһͰѧأ
ӣתͷưͷúӣһ·ҲˣȥЪһЪͷүš


343 

ˣȻЩвʣȴҲ֪ǽġܰˣȻ
ƶǲˡ
ߣһС֣˳ӣָָԱūŵѶӸǣҴȥӡ
мõĲݣǵġ
ȥˡ
һߣۼŶ㿪˶ߣͲһ§ס˰ļЦļʦ˭
ѹż򣬶ãֻܵūѾүǹһλյĻӽϰϴ
ҡҡͷԡ˵ˣнϰѭ浸صַַڲͬǳܿиָ㣬ֻǽҲδ֪ʱ㲻͸©Ҳ׷ʶѡ
ЦؾСչȥȵҲһҿСӣԺһ𳤴С飬£
תͷ˺ͼۣŵͷǰŪ飬ֻӦ֮ŵʳԡ
⻰Ǽӵĳˡ
ͼ࣬ҲͲ׷ˣŶŶص˼ͷ̽ҡ̽ܳɰɣ
΢΢ۣ֣µص˵ͷ
ӣոմȥϥԣһ̸ϸϸ׽
öһιʹ͵ĸſ϶Ѭģ֮䣬ɢ
鱦ϻӡ
İ˵ţŷʿѾ׼ˡ˲˵รѡ
ӣűʣȴ
͸ɴ档
Ժ£ͲֻСϣ֪԰˵Щʲô
ÿ˵һ䣬֣µص˵ͷ
͹Ц

Ŷ׹ϻӣʲรһôɣӣŴ¡
תȥߣȻһЦรλСͶԵ
ӣͷµģкӣֻд󰢸ˡ֪ܿĳģӦһЩү󡪡һЩ
ö£ϳʵݸӣ˳ҲЦŴȤร˵ȵաֻͰ棬Ųรʱ򣬲รҪʧˡ
һ˵˵Ｘ˶Ц
ӣϣ˼Ϲأɫ۵ģʾöѡЦ̾˿ǴˣûСֻҲＸˡ
ϽūŵǾãþˣˡ˯ȻҲ
ѾвٴΣϵĲ˯ܵร˵Ҫˡ
ӣ֬ڲ˵Ϲ˼ˣŵͷ⻰
ˣֽʸϣۿʿ̣С˳ȥӣ룬ַԸѷǵҲȥɡһӣǳԵùˣ϶Щصģ
ʿǴӦˣȻŲ˵Ȼ¾ͣˡ
СӣรˣϵĿɾȫˣ
ӣֵֻȥûϵ
ۿʿȥˣӣͿʼʰһʹ͵õͷΡΡΡεȵȡ
ñΣҲС
ЩϽ촦գҲý顢ʯϣɻ
һɫж޻ƤŮñǴӣ״廨ϸϸɵص׺ԱߣԵ÷
ӣһǲôñӵġܾʱŮñԵ÷һñӵɫʵ̫Ůˡ
װҲš
ԣžתתԴͦÿ
ñϸëûڼ£ӣ;ԴȺġ
ȡЦž͵ûʱѩˣรñӳȥӳѩǲŽкÿء
ӣױ̨ϵӣžӣոս߱ñӹһ˿ҷĨƽСӾſڸүˡ
Ѿů裬ڣȻ죬ȴХ
ӣݣŵñӭһ
һ¡
׷ں棬Ͻǰˡ
İ绹Ժţӣæǵǰֵȥȥ
Ȼһ֣ӣļʹȥˡ
ݣӣʱѵ磬ڵϵ̺ϵģİ磬˵ؾͽе꣡
С׼˵İĻԼϻӡ
һţɶʱͷ١
ūǸϽʰӣȥŮϵıмİ絹ǰ㲻⣬һ־Ͱˡ
ӣɨһۣͿ۵ⱦ޳һһ
İȻʧЦôȥԺӳûˡˡ
ſڸ׵ļϣ΢΢һԴصǲţŮأ


344 Ӹ

İЦ
ӣԱߣȻ뵽ִñ䡪ڵȷʵ̫ˣټϸָΡ
ǰɫ࣬ǰշ࣬Ѿȫչֳˡ
ţŹ˽ݣӣͶİֱ˵Ҫһñ䡣
ñ䡱ʶİ˵Ȼʮİ
ѹδš
ӣһ£״Ǹô¡
⵹ʡطGЦžַ̧˷ӣͷȻһְԼ
˿һץס˴˵֣İǰӣչ˺͡ģкSúܡ˹Ҫߡĳߴ磬ֻܶŹԸ
˵΢΢üġʵ󲻳νġñ䡱ȵ֮󣬻Ǹʲôģ
ûϵֻҪӣϲͺá
ӣûͷһſİ绳ָ̧ȻɷµصܰѴϣȻҳȫƻˡ
İĵ˵һȻϴɾȫˣǵϵƻֻҲ
ӣһѣֱҲԡ
е꣬͵Ҫвͺˡ
ʱݳƷʲô˶ϵġ
ʮ꣬Ͻڳ˲ĵ촦רΪʼֲ
Щʵ϶С粣ˮة̺˿ƿȡѶȲ
ϵڵĲһֱ峯ĩڣ˶ʱ򣬲ſʼʽġ
ӣţȻİү˸װ
սӣ֣ġ

ڶһ磬ȻȥİǰԺ鷿ͺͺSݵӣӵ᷿Ҳ
һһߣӻвټ䡪ΪĹ׼ġ
һȻЩ꣬ǱİСʰʰϴ֮󣬾ȥˡ
ѾԱߵˡ
ӹӣߵӣСһţӣص
ӣΪöЩǸ˸ӡȨԱȡ
֮ǰѾ˵ˣ˵СǺ涼Ҫȥ鷿
鷿Ķʱ䣬ǴҹʱʼŶ
ӣһ߸ʢ࣬һ߾͵
ͱһը⣬⻰ըžડһ˵
ʱ
ǲҹ㿪ʼϿΡ
ϾǲסڹôԼҸۡϹȥ
Ͻƺƴ·ϵʱ䣬Ҫˡ
⻹û֮ϴҪʱ䡪ҪȫˣֻҹҪ׼ѧ
ͬһһ㣬ĬĬؿǰţʱ;ʳҲˡ
ǡ˯ûþҪˡ
ӣҲˣָһֻСӣο˵ڸѧãϾ鷿ȣǺöˡ

ţӣŶӴŰС̫ǰӵˡ
ߵĻԴ˿ϵСֻǶˣɫҲˡ
һֱ͵ӰʧСͷӣ׼ݣȻͿһתԶԶػ˻֡
ϻǿġ
ӣŶҲ˰֣һתȥˣԼŻݡ
Ϊ㺢ͷֻǼ򵥵˸١
ʱѷٲɢˣ¿ʼᷱķ͡

󣬸ԺУһƬ׵ʱİǰԺ鷿Ĺ̫Źˡ˵Ƿүصͽͷ
רรԸζơñ䡱ĳߴ硣
̫棬˵ñ䡱˵ʮֿڣζ˵˽͡
ӣ¶ˣʱһ뵽ŶԹ̫ͼֽýһ˼
ӣһźīһźԺȥ鷿飬
鷿ȸʱ򣬲ǸҵĻйСİ磬鷿顣
еĺӣͺͺͲ࣬۱֣ͻú˼һ塱
˯۾͹Ҷӣǰīֽһ
ΪҪ֣ӽǣԱ߿˿
ӣײӽǣһסǣһֻֻڻš
һֽϻǹӡǼӡ
һһŵģ룬ߵʹ䡣
еԱ߻źСļ֡
ʲôץץߵ鷢ͺСӣ
ӣŮ򵥽һ£ܻϲصҵѺҲжˣ
ǵȻӣЦŰŮϥϣָŸͼֽϡ
ﶼġ


345 ⱦ

ԴཱུС֣ͼָָֽ㣺Ҳҵ𣿡
ӣ˳Ůָķơ׼ԼһСӣרױĵط
Ǹñ︽Ļױ̨
ǿŮ۶ϲӣСԴԥصͷ͵ã㣡
񻶺һһ˫Сӣϥϣ̧־§ס˶ĲӣصǵСݣ
ӹ÷ɿ죬¹⾰Ѿƺˡ
ӣΪİ˼ҪһƬ֮ǰﷸֹˣʱĹռûǸ̶ȣһ鲣ʲô
ȵǰѳƷ׳ӣ֪ԼˡѹһƬССĲƬֱչ״Ƕڴ֮ϡ
չ֮£ʣ
ºˣֱɴʡˡ
ⲣ϶ϺõģΪʹϽвʦ֮ҲǲֱӲġ
Ҫعϣ֮ټӹɸҪ״ʱΪϡ
ӣǵã֮ǰİҲ˵Ҫǰ׷һЩͷǰʱ򣬲й
͸־֪ʱʸˡ
˲⻹дĹӣҲȫˡ
ʢһ֣صشŹǽúãЦعʾรûбָʾ
ûУͻȥŸүˡ
ӣʢһ·СŲɰԼˣܰѲ˵ģšʢ֪ڼ֮󣬲Ʒֻͨ
ƻѪ
ȵʢ֮ūǴɨɾ֮ӣͿʼֲñˡ
ȴЬӿʼ
ȻһɫĻЬȴҲнġĺĴвͬ
촩Ь涼ǺƤݣһ˫·ͷȣһҲ䡣
ģܶ඼˿ơ
ǰռڷֿȴԵĻֿȻɫϵ֡
һھССʱպá
ϸ˵ӣʵûж֡
ֻñмϣָöֱÿһ˫ЬӷŵרŴЬȥ
һһź֮ӣһǽЬӾ;üֱ̫ˣ
ֱ˲κǿ֢롣
ѵʰһƴĹ̡
˵öˣӣԼһһ仪ѡѶѵʮֻӣоЩͷƤ顣
öѶǸûüġеֻǵ֮˳ѡ˲ϻɫ
巿֮ѹⷿˡ
ӣûüһ۵ġ
û취İʹԴԴϵ
˭óء
⻹ʮֻ涼ǹصĲϡеװģһϵı߽Ǿ˳
·װһϻӵĲϼ
ϾСǺܿĵľصѲֱ
ӣʿһˮһЩϢһ£ȻʹȰѷŵһߣ
ʰΡ
ΪǻӲรʢ裬ӣβϽ֮Уͨǵٶ١
һЩڵҪรģʾ𱰵֮⣬ӣӡաΡҡִָ顢ָ֮װƷ
ǲʰ֪һʰһû뵽֮УջۣİʹѾôࡣ
ЩΡ棬һЩ͢ĽģҲһЩİڹ̺ŸƵġ
ǾĴ̺š
ӣտʱۣ㡭
͵һΣ˵ɵйٱ︻Ҵ󻧵һСҲ㹻ˡ
Ů԰ƽʱӣױʱȻҲŶ棬Ͼû̯һⱦ
񰮲ֵȻȻһȻܳؿʼͷϴ
ؾʮɫ黷ƵشһԴ
鴮Ҳڲ߰˸ѹСӶˡ
ŽҪȥϵͭ
еߣ񹻲ţƴСšʮֺͷʹ
ӣְԱһСͭˣݸ񣺡ȥúɡ
̵ؾͱžӣһƨԱߵĲ϶СɽϡĸѲסӵְžӱ
ӣСӹ˵θ˵ร밲ˡ
ӣһ¡⻹ǻظ֮ϵһء
ֱӰθת롪˾ʵЩ̫ˡ
ӣȥݽӴθ
ϻǴǰǸġ
ǰһӣͶѳЦе鲻ͬʱϣЦһݽš
ǵúܡ


346 ʸ֦

รϿӣ񿴼һǰ͵
һʶԼû밲һؾصȥ
ӣǰȥϸˣȻʶؾɨһۡ
ûƼ
ϱ˸ģӣ⶯֪รҴ
˳ˡȥʧһร
ԴӴԽ֮ӣģǰθ񡪡жȡ
ʧ̬ǵһμ
ӣҲ΢΢һסθʲô¶Ǻú˵
ϸղŹȥʱҲ鼤ʱӣס֣΢΢Ŭһ£ﺬ⣬รãԼĺӶס
ԱﱾǶ̣Ҫϲģ⻰ŵһ
ʱͻˡֱθСɨȥ
ʲôӣ
̥
θƽƽ̹̹еӰ
ӣҲһȴ漴Ӧַ̧Ըū£ƽθν㣬ȱţ˵ôˣ
·ǰһʧصİťһ㣬θ֣ʱˡ
ʵรֻҪĴ񣬸ȥˣ
˵Ҳ̲סſϾͺҲ˲ʧ̬ʧ̬ˡ
ĿŵĶһĸ׵Ŀֻ
Ƭ̣ϲҵһӲŲӿᣬһ߾ͰŸһ¡
ԭİһлظһֱ죬ѾȥС¡
ʮȻȴҳĿʱ˵Ҫ̴Ů졢ʱ˵Ҫ̴ϰ֡
֮ʲôɶСܻὫеԺȥ
ŵһΣ컹ûأ֮У˯𣬾ͱǸˡ
ǵģûˡֱӹһѣ͸ˡ
ֻθһԺūĿɿڴ
ȻÿζǵϿ޵ʱ򣬴űͻִԸĴֱʹ͢͡ľ
θλݣƽʱǶ϶ϵòġ
ǰ漸죬θûʲôԾֻżȻȺӱľΧ֮Уһ·Ÿģֹɣֳϲ
ôնʱչչŮҲȻ֮¡
ǽôʮˣϾͻˡⲻԾҪ£˴ȥ
θԽ˵Խ־ؿڵ½ֿรĵôˣֲǸСޣˣ
꣬ΪЩʧү޿Žһֱү˼ˣ
ӣ޵öӲˣϽضĻͷν㣬ȱ𼱡δˡǵˡǿޣҲⰡ
̧һ˫ۣ˫ϥһʹֻڵˡ
žӣǰรҲŮˣܶʹܱκ˶Ůȥ˵ó裬รү˵һ˵øŮ
ӣַ¶үֻ»δ֪ү޴⣬ôһѡ뷨ν㣬㵽ʱôأ
θôһѣһʱͱɷˡ
촽صǰǰأ
ӣļϣν㣬ӽһֱ˵ÿνȥǴأһô죬ڡʲô̬ȣ
θɴӣһ˲䣬˶ԷĻ֮⡣
ร˼ҲȥŮ
Ըӣδػһʮգÿ絽˹Ӵȥ
ֻȺӡľʱ򣬾ѾĸŮˡ
̧֣ס죬һֳֻӷ֡վȴֻȷ
ûһˡ

صԺһСѾϲʱ򣬲Сıֱţ˲յ
浾ŵθѵõط˻
ȥۿСѾߡ
СѾŻˣɵԭأԱߵĴŮŸ첲קȥˡ
θҲ̲סȵūǶϳȥ֮תݣڴµ֮ϱ
ĵ˼£θȴԼѾ޲ˣֻؿһһ۵Ļš
ŵĸŮТı棬¶ѪܵĲпʵ
⸮ﲻܴ
Դݵ΢
ãû
Ҫʸ֦أ


347 

ϵʱ򣬴ӸԺˡ
֪ǵʲôʹ֮ͣõĺܣһ·Ǳıġ
ŵС̫ﻹżֻϻӡ
һƣûŶ˳ھ˶ŮңҶأ
ҲüͷǸС밲ȻָָݵӲʣЪء
һ仰û˵꣬ȻͱˣҪƽŸ첲ľײ
ʶһȻŷӦԭ˵ǸںС̫ࡣ
С̫һ·ϻӻٸ첲Щˣʱֱ΢΢˴ͱƼˡ
ĺöء
ҵѵ񣬸ӲʣҪҪȥƣ
Ǿݻϻϣ˶⻰رȻӲöúЪŰɣҽȥҲá
ԭأӦ֮󣬲ɵؾԼӸеһĺ
ĹŮأ
񡭡ҸڴۿŴҪԼӣٲ˵ˡ
⼸£治ȥƣ׶أҽüͷ
⻰˼˵ԺλٹأҲǸһƤģȲĸס
⻰˼ˡ
ٿһתŶ΢΢°ͣҹùãҾǶߵˣҲ֣֮Ҫֵġ
⻰˵ȫǴǰ˵ˡ
һظȥūŲ˼
Ȼ˼ͲҪٶ˵ˡɨ˶һۣնصȻתͽӡ
ߵūæϡ
ƶϵճĸˡ
иǲͬ
վԭأ˺һų̾һǴ䡣
ֻ±ˣǰǰɰˡ
ԱߵСŮչ̾ӵʶңҹùãҩš
ӲãƽҩţҲǰ벹ŵġ
ֽӹ̾͵ȥɡ
ƿݵţ˽ȥ֮£θήҵпڴϣĿ
ɫ㲿¡
ۿһᣬ
תԱϷȵˣǰȥסθļ񣬸ˡ
θ΢΢ۣһյ֮У
ƫͷȥȷţԲ¡
ǰʹͨ͸ˣµĵͨοԼ
ϵһЦƿյףȼѡ
Ҳ˵ʲôˣּѵȥȡԱ¼ϵ磬Ҫθϡ
ߵ¼ǰθѾЪ˰ɣ
һЩ˵ϡ
תԼҸһۣŵǡ
󣬶̲ס֪
θǷһ˿ɬЦݣͷ½ǵǧĸǡӵĶֻ᲻֪أ
վԭأʱͲ֪ôˡ
ǷţƸҲ˴ԼĶԻԼధȥĸס
˴ѵĻ
Ƕ˸Уڸжİ
Ҽֱ̧ȥǰθˡ
θվߵǰŴɫŵǼգ¶ҲôԲɫȴϾ˪
˶٣ַסߣСԭ㲻ĸͷͷֲСǼյʹƺҪֳ룡ҵڶǵáʱŴӴȥѪɫġ
ҲθЩ£һᵽ£뵽˵θĲס
ڹŹһȦ
ʵûסͨθǰūŶ˵ԽġūŴԽˣ˼Ҳˣǲ١Щֻ´ٹ꣬ıղˣ
θɫ԰׵ؿЦһ£ﻹõżꣿ
䣬ȻſڴŮ۵Ъ𣿡
Ǵˡ
˲Ͼͳ˾ϲ
̧͵˲ϵۣҴҵظϵſڣҪ֣ͷԼһۡ
θҲӲᣬʱΣϣŶҾ͵˵ͷ
ֽŴ򿪡
һصŶӲʣŮȥŷ˲裬ùﳢθҲã֪û
һ˵һ߽յݸҡ
æֽӹȥˡ


348 үү

յ¶ȵá֣ˮյˡ
θеһ˿οΣĵġ
ǵĿ£˲յݣһŸոȺȥ
θ麮Щǽģһյǡǡθõġ
ҼǵãԼҸǰҲûڴǰ˵Щ
΢΢һĵر㽫յ
ҺθȫעŮϣҲûôע⵽ԱߵĲյ
ߵſڣ͵͵ֺ˸СѾ߹Ը˼䣬ȥ׼Ȳˡ
ԼһֻСչθǰһС˵Ц
ȥаɰˡ
ģҲʹǰһûκ
θͷŮֱ˵ҪڹΡ
θ̧Ů۵СͻôСҪʲôôأ
վС־΢΢Դθ񣺡Ůϲֲãαúöѹӵףװ׹˳⣿
˵ˣ˶٣ĸֻǲ˵ǰȥקסϵҡΪ¸³ˣնҪŮȥŮɲ뱻ҵСȥ

ӣԺƵñʹʿƸָ֮ߡ
һ֮УаĹ⾰ӣġ
쵽˺ͽӣǣŶӵС֣ñѡ
ſš
һԵ·ϣһС°ͣ۾һ
ÿһѣͳźЦָŵѺѽ
ӣŮĴҲóˣʱЦ
ȻһͷϸضһͿֱİһѾѡװϡ
ϻװεĻѽСʲôġ
ºˣȫѹСƨƨ¡
ѹƽ档
ӣһȥͰСִһƨɲŵСڣط
۾СЦ
һЦһֻСͼȥסĸ׵ĲӣصЩϣжζ
ӣĿ۵Ķʱײһ¡
קקϵСӡһɫԼģѡ˲Ŀʽɫ
ʵȴϺõġ
ΪСӣͬɫСЬӺСñӡ
û뵽ֱӱøˡ
ҲðɣͿյصͷͿʼֹ
һֹһе㶯ҡˣ̧ͷӣҪˣһ
ӣѹסСֵԼϲ𣿡
һСԴϲ
ӣСȥѣѡ
һʱԥһ¡
ӣҲûߴ٣ָ˶ѡʱ䣬һָԭǼĵӻϲ
ӣЦˣҲϲŰɡ
Цˣǰ˵ģӢͬ
һ߸Ͱӣϸν鷿Ǹﲻһ鷿ʦǸĲһ
⻰΢΢СԴǸʦѧʲ繬𣿡
ӣҡҡͷﵹ˼˵ǸѧãʦֻҪ㰢긺𣻵ǹʦҪԻϸġ
ο鷿ﲻԶ֮ǰ㰢Ҳ˵ˡϲ³֮䲻ı鷿ƺǵĶ
˼ص˵ͷ漴ССǰһſſӣĻЦǻϣǻ귨үү
ӣЦЦ˶ӵļվֱӲŵ㰢꣬岮ǣǶʱ̽ţʰǻϣȻǰꡣСȴҪǣүүүүȻǻϡ
ۣŶ￴˰Σ˵ͷ֪ˣ
ӣָһССڣһ߲ŵЩС磬кģǻǻӣ壬ײһֿԡҪŷִ硣
תתӣţӼסˣ
ӣڷ˲ŵϽūô࣬ܽ鷿ˡԵȴûЩǣʹƽŲۣҪŶԴǿЩԵСŹģ㲻ҪչȥҪߥ¡
ã߬Сȭͷ
ӣȭͷЦˡ
ֹȥѶӵȭͷ⻹ֻ˵˵أȭͷʲô
ͺٺһЦٴε˵ͷץץס
̨ߣſһѲϣ͸ӣ档
Ժͦεվš


349 õİ

Ĭؿ˺һƺعͷ
һͷڵһ¾Դ˶ſ˴̨£ֻ¶ͷСװ黨˻Ρ
ӣںͺ˵ŻĶͷͿֱŵشһѲСɽ
ôˣҲˣ˳һ䡣
ס죬ҡҡͷûʲôûʲô
һʱıȥ͵ҳ򣡡
ſڲ⿴澽ȵرסûʲô磡
Ժ￴˿ԺյģֻаվԺ֮£СűߴתֻͣСצš
С⽵ͷ
С⽶ʱһڵϴˡ
ԭڿС⽡ôţһ죬һ߾ͻعͷ۰õСԴ
Լͷ黨Сˣͷ㿪֣ԼֻСֻͷ𣡡
ĵȻ֮ġСѾͷֻôһСƨ֪ͷϴ簮ˡ
İʱӣһֱЦеġ
ȻİȥͿñ䡣
ͺں棬һ׷ŵȥˡ
İҲæмûˣ֮ǰߵ̫Źȥ˵ǲรġñ䡱Ѿ׵Ҳรƹˡ
รӦġ
ڱӣס֣ȥñ䣬İЦˣôϲ
ϲϲˣӣͷͶ
վһרŷ黨Ĺ˸POSEһֻС־ٸ߸ߣָŹӾص꣬ﻹǿյģû
İЦȥŮһѱЦãӣ
񻶺һ־͵ҪСҪɫģҪôģ
С־͸İȻ
İͷɷµؿŮƣȻͷ٣û⣬
˵ͷͿֱЦȻСȣˣõİ꣡
İЦһ§ŮСӣһ߻عͷͶӣӣøŸȥһˡ͹˼˵Сˣ⼸Ѿͷȥơ
ӣİ˵͹ָ֪ǵ
ֻİá͹ָˡ
룬׹ˣ촽ЦЦүҪ˰ɣ
İ۾ȰȻŹס֣Լǰϡ
§ӣ͵ӣǵá
ӣͷ־ͷסİ֣ЦеصҵȻǵá
ԱԴʵʲô˼
֮ǰʵҲûֻʱͻ̫СˣǽͣҲ
ӣĵصÿ˶ԼӣԺÿһ꣬һ죬˵
۾ͷ룬̧ͷӣһ˹˼˼ˣ𣿡
ӣû˵İܸ˵صŮϻۣ
Աûһǡʲôı顣
˶٣ȻսСȭͷҲ밢
⻰һ˵Ｘ˶סˡ
ӣסŮһС֣Լ˻ΣΪʲô
ۣȴ̧ͷӣתͷ˿İ磬صҲ밢Ϊһˡ
ǰһ˲漴ӣ̧ͷİ磬Ϳɫ֮У𶯡
Ǹж
ȻСް

ŵʱϯһ֭ӣ׼ġ
ѡϺõĺϺףУ˽ǡ˾ƣǡƤ
֮ѡ⣬Ϊʸ㣬Ƥ챡ճ֮ɫ͸
ڸиѣۡ
еĺףɫ㣬ȱٵһϡ
֭İϲͺҲϲӶڷԸ̫ŮԼвˡ
İ翴ŮĴ۾Ž֭⣬̧ʾŵŮÿ
Լ־ſӸŮвˣϸĵذѽֳ֭˺üС顣
Աߣ΢΢죬ЩĽĲˡ
ӣҲЦſţȻ;ԼԴһ¡İֳĺףúóԡ
Ľ֭⣬ӣԼڴԽ֮ǰһλһڹŴŮӻױƷôļ¼Ƭᵽס˵ǺһȻɫأֱ֬
Ҳǿں졣
ȻͶ˶񾭳Լױʱ򣬾ΧŻױ̨Щ֬ˮֱ
ʱ򻹻ҪһͿ֬
ȻӣԼԽüˣҲϰʱĹŮõһЩۡ֬
ЩױƷϾԼġ
ֺף޶ǿŷСĥĥɷۣȻȻȾҺŮһҲ


350 ֵܽ

ţһ߾ҧſӼ΢΢Ц
İ֣΢΢üȴЦɵЦʲôúóԷ

⼸죬ǲ
Դڸ˵ү˵Ҫүкӽӵȥ鷿飬ϾºSȥˡ
ǺSͺ;SǶȻүеķġ
ܽ鷿飬岻һ۶ôֻҪйôһξⶼһʱ
ͺİȻǵϾڵ١ѹϥµġ
ȻϺʮİ磬Ҳ㰾ͷˣλҲ̧ˡ
ǲһǲһ
οͱʹϻۣû鷿飬ӶڸҲͰˡ
ôһĸԵúSˡ
ô㶼ǳ
ԣİǰԺ鷿˹֪ͨ˵รŴ󰢸ʰʰҪȥˣϲ֪ԭкӶԽ
л꣡
һԺӵūţͿʼܹĵظ󰢸S׼ѡľƷ¡
ǽSˡ
˵ö࣬СʱɤӶЩˡ
SţһϴģͲʤ䷳
ұֳ
İͺͺS˹ӡϰǸӵͷһĸź͡
SҲĸ
һ£ıոǰԺ鷿СѧʱˡǱϾСȻ£û͵еĻá
仰˵ϷͶ˴Ϥˡ
˽ѧһ죬ɵúܡҲǵټǽһ졣
¶ײһˡ
ҿͽ鷿ҹʱ俪ʼӣҪȵԺ
ܲõﲻ˯
м˸ʱӣֿܷˡ
ҹȥ͵ӿӡ
鷿Ǵ£ͷһ죬źС̫ǣûһ˸˿
СѹϾû˯ֱӴǰһϵֵʱ
ʵʱİӣԺӵ̫ġ
Ϊ˻ӣֱȥչ˺ˡ
װ飬һҹҲû˯̫ūǵһ۾ˡ
ѹĵһۣ;Ϳպѹѹġ
ҹ
ŹǷūźԼϴѣȻأ͹ˡ
ѾˣӣͷˣֹȥһСתȥԸǣϽŷȰڵȥ
Щ̵డ㰡΢һ㣬ô¿أ
ʵ˵ЩǡšҲͦǿġ
ʱ㡪Ӧ˵ҹࡣ
ǰʱȻҲͬʡ
̧ӣС鷿᲻׼Ű
ӣָʢ࣬һʢһ߾ҡͷϣǵһչȥȰѶӵ汥Щ
룬ֽ˺ϲļֿζĸͰӣСӣصضһ䣺ǵһգʳУܴȥ㴧žˡ
С֤รģūŶ϶ϲöš
ţʢˡ
µãͺͺSԺͰһˡ
ߵԺſڣͷӣ˰֣
һСӣʵܿóģѹ
ӣ˸ƣ˵ͷ
ȵ֮󣬻ӣ˳ƾȥ˿Ů
Ǽ˯ú㣬ĸСԱߣҲǴ˯Ժ״̬Դһһġ
รĸæ
ӣһ̧֣ʾ
ŵ߹ȥ˿Ů˯ŤˣһֻСַڱ档
ӣŮС·ŽѣָҴҴӽǣղźͿȥ鷿ıӰ
֪ûĽõʱ
˵ǰԺ鷿İͣĴӾſȥˡ
ſڣļ
Ǵ󲿷˻ں˯ʱ
̧ͷ˸ǣڵ΢΢š
С̫ǽλС
ȻҲȥ鷿Ĺǣ̺ͬģһֻ˽ȥ
˸һ֮еֵࡣ
Ժֻ˰һӡ
SҲһ
ȵӶˣİҲ
ӵСԴ˿ҹĻС̫ŵĹơһ⻪ӨȻ
İ΢΢üпԺǵǰûǵʱ򣬰ڹİˡ
⻰֮ǣСӱӿࡣ
ôġ


351 ۻ

Sͺ˶һۣСַϥϣû˵ˡ
ǻΧǰʻȥ
׻̫ˣSЩתʱСС̲סһ£ײ˺ͼͷ
ְסˡ
İ״̾һ겻ǳԿࡪֻԽǺݹ֮ңԽ簮Բ졪ǵѧҵ̰ԣ֮鱩塢ͨµ֮
˶٣ǻ귨Ҳ˵ͽ磬Ҵ͡Сϰҵ֮˼ɢݣѧҲѾõĹ
Sһֿʼƪˣ͵͵תͷ˺һۣԥǲҪ԰˵ѵ
ոſ죬ѾСıʱֱֱѵ
İҹɫ΢΢Щ񡪡ڵ֮ңӻʵӵѰ˲󼰵һС
ҹϿƳѧǲһ
ϿĽֻΪ˶飬Ϊӻļʶǵĸ֣ĥǵ־ǵ

ڹ˵Ĵ£عţڳϼУͺͺSڶ鷿
ȻûȫҪĶĶࡣ
Ҳ˵ʵϿεҲҪԤĶࡣ
ͺSһۣйǹλСǸȥλˡ
λǹ̶õģǰ棬õλö˻ǡ
ǻġ
ͿSھȻǺN
Nһģ˫ֳϣźͽͶЦ֪ǻһ𡣡
ıպ屴գǰ˳Ҳһġ
Ȼ󣬺N·мĺSǸ¾һ㣬üͷ˺Sһۡ
SҲͺNڶNôһƣ͸Ըˡ
תͷһۺͣ͵ܵܣܻλ𣿡
ͻû˵Աߵ̫Ѿ仰͸ϽȰ˵˵λѾǹ̶õģλͼֽ֮ǰҲǳʵݹġ
궼ˡ
ÿ֮ȻиԵĵСǨһҪԶ
NЩ첻µزµӣ⻰һ̧ӻ˵ʲôSȴɥٲ䡣
ϰŵλ˭Ҷ
ҲеûŶ
һСĹĵġ
һߣ뵽˶̹ԼģŹЩǣҪЩ
SС֣ο磬ܽ鷿飬ǻ귨ĶּרҪֻҪȫעʦΣԱߵ˺Ҳ׷ġ
̫˵΢΢ֱؾ´˺üۡ
ʱСĻ½½ˡ
źĻǣûһֱۣӱūźˡ
ٺʦҲˡ
ʦ˴֮ΪСǺܶ඼ǵһιʦǰһĿγ̱һ顣
ֱʱ򣬺ͺͺSסǰλĽʦ
ֻǸԼϰεʦˡ
Nģȵʦһ֮Цݽʧ
Sһɥ
͵ʱ򣬲֪˵ĹȻû鷿ѧϰǿһԱȣѧüֱʹ԰
ȻޱȻʦˣ
ˣƺܾ֮ǰҲ˵鷿Ҫϸ
Ͽ
ôһʵûȫ鷿Ŀ£
ҹʱ򣬻ӻҪȿʼϰΡһʱԳٵȱϯ
Ϊǻһͷ
ȻνϰΡǰ鱾̯ϣǰһݺúõؿһ顣
жҪҲҪ
ĬĬᡪֻǸϰαطҪ˰ҹ𴲣ϵ
ڱոҲܸűӶ鰡
Ψһǣʦţܹɡ
Ȼʦ˵îʱعϿΣһֱϵʱŻ¿Ρ
ݳһʱ֮䲻иýʱ
ȵʱʱ̫ɽˣ
ЩϿεݣҪȶɹģѧϰĵ徭һЩѧγ̡
ĵģĿγ̻û˵
SţһСͷףﰵңҿѧãһֱԼѧ
ҪȻǵҪȹԹأ

һγͺͺS˶ˡ
ظϣûа㾫񣬶ûΡ
˭û˵
˭û˵
ôһ·ĬĬĻص˱ոǰ͸ոձС̫뱧һ̧۾ͿȻվǰԺһЩĵԣ
ʹȾͳ˹ȥ


352 ö

嵽ӣǰһѱס˶Ҫ۹һɨͿһֽ
ֽĹҵġӣɿ󸣺ͺ춹ɳ
ԱߣһŸɾֽ͸˺ͣ磬ôų԰ɡ
ץһɿ󸣾ͽ
ڿɬд㣬ζƤʮ㣬ҧرнôԶԲ塣
;ôվԺĵԣһȻɿ󸣣ûҪȥõĸʱ򣬱ӣסˣٳˡ
鷿ǲܷѧϰǿôܲ
ӣǵԼǰѧʱʳҲûϹġ
ǣŶӵСߣһСһ߾͸ӣֻŵ˵ʦ࣬һţһĹ򶼲һġ
ӣһЦţһ߾ʦ̵Σ
΢΢СԴ鱾Щ־䣬ʦ˵ȴʮ͸һҲˡ
˵꣬͵͵סҾùʦȷʵǱǸѧõʦһЩ֮ġ
ӣ˽Ŷӵ֣ͷҲ⻰Զ˵˵ҲͰˣʦǰɶ϶ϲô˵Σʦ㰢ģǰҲڹϰġ
ĸô˵ţϦͽؾͽ˵Ӱúܳ
ӣΪİϳʱ򣬿϶Ӵϡ
ôһİ˼ǣԺ鷿鷿ǻһ·
ӣţĬĬĽŲ
ͷһֻۣSһֱظں档
õС·ֲĵطӣָָԼԺӷ󰢸磬ʱˣЩȥգҲȥˡ
һ˵һߵͷԶӵ𡣡
С֣źSҡҡ磬
׷С档
ϴĶǼҳѣͷҲֻƽʽ
ͲžԾ̧ͷӣղҪýȥǡͻˣ
ӣҡҡͷһ߽ӹūĲ˵ŵӺȻʣˣûȥ
͡Ŷһͷһĺ춹⣬СһͷֳϥϵȥҲãǸգӻŶһȥ
⻰˵õζʮ㣬ͺЩķˡ
ӣ̧ͷȥԼĿҵأ
Ҫ
һӾ뵽ˣɲǣ
ʦ˵ˣһ֮оֻԪաԼӻǸ˵տϢ
Ʋȥ⼸죬ȫݡ

һЩʱİظˡ
Ƕǵһ鷿ʵҲһ졣
ӣİصذѺǰʦʲô
ǸϻۺӣҲǼõģʱһһʮľȫ˵һ顣
һ˵һ߻űࡪİڳܽʦڿεݾһ
̲סϾ¶Цݡ
֪ǲΪϳصĸ̫ࡪҵ׶ǣǷǳزۡ
ͣ˵һչѾˡ
ǲʲô⣬˳˳ĿԻǱȽϴġ
⺢Ӳϻؽȡ
ʵѵá
İؿź͡
Ϊʵۣŵʱ򣬺;ЩŲסˡСԴһһ¿š
һʱ䣬ܴ
Сӵתתȥͣҡβ̧ͷСˣϣСܺһᡣ
Ҳѹûˡ
ӣ۵òУϽūǼӽ
öӳ˼㣬úȥϢˡ
ҹҪ𴲣Ͻ˯ôŪ
ͽӣʼŷһ·ˮȥźСϴ
СʱȥﰲǺЪϢˡ
ﻹõģӣİһԣ˵ѹ
³˶˯
үȥŰɡվİһ߸żһ߾͵
İ֪˼ǲˣж
ֽȥˡ
ݣ뵽⺢ӣİ絽ο
ڴرߣһסӣ֣пһ䣺ү˸öɡ
ӣȻһЦİ˽ֵ֣ӣ£˵˵
ӣڴһİ־ͽ˻
޷֮΢΢ִۿͷҡεһ֧µӣΣɵ̧͹ͻȻ㲻Ҫ롣
ӣҡͷİô᣿
ҪҲǸ밡


353 䵭

İ翴һµӣ̲סЦˡ
ӣ̧ͷһζЦݣ̲סе顪İ˵⻰ʲô˼
Ѳɻϣ𡭡
İӣգţӣá
еܻáۡһЩδһָ
һţһ߾ӣıģүơƺ˲٣ǲĺͽɣ
ӣվ̧־͸УҶһȦˡ
һ˵һԭת˸Ȧ
⶯е
İЦˡ
ӣվԭĵԼתȦʲôЦģ
İЦţϲһ˵ʱ򣬿ʲôǺõġ
ѰĶǱġȵģġ
ǰӣԼչ˺ԼҪѾ˺ܶˡ
ôһСŮӣôţǹšأ

ϴ֮İ翪ʼдˡ
ӣǰáϾİÿҹߵʱ򶼻ūǲҪ
Ǹź׼ʶҹжʹࡣ
ۿİ»ͦߣűһʱûӣ߹ȥơ
ԭڸд֡
öġ
ÿд˼УҪͣ˼ūǰֽһơ
ǲ⣬ֽˣĥд
ֲ˰ˡٶȣֻµδдü顣
ӣĬĬᣬ̧ݶĺ«ʱĿɰ
קקİһֻӣүдţȥŮһơ
İ˳ӦһȻͷӦ
סӣ֣δüһЦָֽϾ͵ƣ
ӣһԭҲֻǸһģеڿ
İԱ߸͡ԭⶼүѵ룬໰꾭ߣǵġ
úġһ֡һ֮УͰѻ귨˵Щȫˡ
ӣòŶİһͨƨ޲ڡ
ֱİЦϣ᲻صƵȥƺӰɣ
ӣЦųݣ֪ĺ«ǱƨĵĲ˼ˡ
ոϴ꣬Сϱë޹С
ҲӣĹСŸֵ١
ʵ޵ģ𹷡
ȥֵסñֱ޻ˡ
ɫϵҲŮϲķɫ
ֵ٣ͷڻ˺üڣЦžٸӣСü~ɰ
ӣڴرߵְŮ§ҲͷһǣСüɰ
ֳӣӣɬЦˡ
ĸŮţһʮҸܰ
˺һȻʲôƵģ־͵͵˳ӣӣŮһ¡
ӣͷ˵
ԥһ£ŵСҪԶ뷹ܳأ
ӣ΢΢۵˵ĳǵꣿ
һЦ˼СֵŮҪҲߣǸ;Ϳˡ
ӣŶһһصǲż꣬ܿͿԳǸ
һ˵һ̧ŮĶֻôֵͷһƬۣɰ
һ¾ʹСϹӣϵ˵ˣ֮ܳ󣬶ΪԷࡣ
˶٣СҴһҪ뷹
ӣһ֪͵ĺûзֱ滰Цæɲܣ˳˵ġ
ϽͰŮˣֵ㼱ųʲô
ܸ˵صǸͣҲͿйˣʱ򣬸ĹҲҵĹӡ
ӣ΢΢һ£漴Ц˳ӣǸŮңǳˣҲûйӵġ
˲۾͵ɵùԲˡ

صݣİѾ˴֣ūźϴˡ
ڴأﻹһ飬ӣİĴߵ䣬ȥģϸ˷硣
ӣȥߣİһ֣ͽ߱Ӹϣּ΢΢Ц⡣
İסֵЦʲô
ӣŮŵĻ̲סͷЦŵҪء
İ°͵ӣ
еҲڵˡ
ӣŵ쿴źʹŹܽܳĽˡСģٶҲӶࡣ
鱾·İ緽ſһҳݸ˳ھ͵ҪĹء
İһü߹Ц⣬ɫȴ˼ȾһĨ΢΢䵭


354 

ҹ㣬׼ʱӣˡ
Ϊİ棬ЩӵĲҡ
ӣǰһԸģ˵һҪں𴲵ͬʱ
ھر࣬жһţͲô˰ɡ
ӣ𴲺󣬼ϴһ¾ȥӡ
ĸ˼棬ǹǷ졪ⳡ桭ӣԸûһ졣
ҿƻͨ
ڹǿĵطôһ˾Ͳ̫ˡ
İҲūźںͺӣĶᣬԵþãоūǰǰһд
ùˣİ¿ӣһȸЦź;͵ö
Ρ
ϵЦݿһ룬һ糣ֻ̧Сֽӹˣܶׯĸİ񣺡л꣡
ǰСʱ򲻾ãѧãǽ鷿
ֹǼ֮˾ֹķǣ˵֮ԽԵİˡ
ղʱر
ӣ֪ôģúȻ뵽˵괩Խ֮һμİʱ
ʱλݵֻͣǸС񣬱รڷá
ҲǴӷſڣŵһοİ硣
뵽£ӣôһ˲ȻЩ
û뵽һӾ͹ôЩˡ
һţһİͷԸȥӺSǰԺ鷿ٵ
С̫ոմӦߵſڣİ˽ӵɡ
һߡ
С̫థشӦˡ

รԺƻҲε
ร⼸鲻ãūǽʱŲˡһСģŭ˲ร
ǿɾǳԲ˶ˡ
ֻһūνģСӡ
ôСģƺรԶһ˿˵İ̡
СŷŮ׼ϴˮʱ򡪡รԶԷһЩ
Ҿ͵͵˵֪ǲθų
֮ҶãƺԴ˼
θร棬Ҳġ
รҲûŮˣҲ֪ǲθ˵ʲôƺҲԶ񿴵ýúܡ
ȥ밲ร˺üΡֻ˵ӲʣӾͲն밲ˡ
รɴŵЩԺĴŮ˵󰢸Ѿʰ׵СأǲǲصȲร𴲣ֱź󰢸Щš
һȥ鷿ˡ
รֻ·һǧһ㣬ô
SǸʵڲ˵ġ
ūźţţʵҲûʲô
ô󰢸綯ЩҪรɴʣŴŮ


Sߡ
ӱССıӰеø
SĬĬϵ㡣
ЩʵȥԵĵĺࡣ
֮ԽСȥΪСŷͳҲֻڳôһЩ
һ»ã꣬ɾˡ
֮ǰû˵ʵǶԶһνģ˵ŷܲܶ໻һһĲʽ
Ȿһκ̸ͨҪҪںS˵˳ھ;รŷȽϡ
һ¿ͱˡﵱըˣµ˵Т㣬Ҫ˵Ķˣ
Sʲô취ֻܲסصǸ
ԹĴԽ࣬ԽԽϰڲϵĵǸϵֺá
ƺȾһ㡰ֺáĵɫ
Sӣ˰֮ûʲôθˡ
СƮԱߣ۵ؾ͸СҨһЩ󰢸ҪҪθ
SҡҡͷûֳԷ
˵꣬Ժūͨԭǰߵ˹ˡ
SСƮӺ⼸ūžȥˡ
ߵſڣ󶯾
SͷͿԭǶҴҵش
һƬնҵİסȻǸող𴲣Щۡ
֬ûüͿ
ڹҪϽҵĶؼסúѧʡ㰢㻶ģҲôˣ
รص־ͰSûõڡ
ӼסˣS˳ص

ӣԺİͺ͵ҲѾõβūһ㡪
S̫ӵŽǸȻĿɨʱ̲סһ˲
ۻۻƵ״ལġ
һ֪ڸп϶á
ÿһ涼źܱһۣΪˡôٵķۣȻˢ˾ȡ
ڵƻ£ǵɫԵ÷ÿ
İزˣЦѵûţ
Sæ꣬ùˣùˡ
İû˵ʲôָŵ£ٳһ㡣
Sܾȵƴǵл꣬أأ


355 

һƴǣһ߾ָָߵūŵùˣǲţǡ
İԭҲӣSô˵ҲͲǿˡ
ӹūֽӣ˲죬ȻذӶԱߵ͵СԴ磬ߡ
͵˵ͷ
İһڣһ߶ӣ̫磬Աˣϴһ£Ҳá
ӣ̧ЦеҲүˡ
ڳİֻЦָ˸ļͷתȥ
͸Ͻȥû߼ӣˣ
ӣͷС̫ţС
SվһԣһڷȻҲİˡ

鷿ʱ磬鷿˲ࡣ
NλϣͷĲ֪ʲôþ۾˶֪
һһ߾ͿNߵӿͣȰ˵󰢸磬鷿գǸʦƼˣɲģ
ɲ𣿻ӻǲܰзǵƨɾҪˡ
ҲǴ󳼼ҵӵܣСȻ밤ᣬһʱ伱úˡ
NͷҲ̧ŭ£
͵ĺıˣչȥִںNϵʲô
NҲ𻰣һ־ס˺͵ļһƣ
룬һö˺ͷϣЩƵô
͵ͷͿNһֻ侫ݻĽ˿СмһֻͷܴĴ֯
ӵ̵ĻǴѬϢ档
۾һӾ͵Բˣжһʦˣǰ죿
NģһЦڰ֣һгصܽ鷿Ȼзӵģ
һ˵һߴչȥСֵ죬ںͶרŵѬ㣬֯ͱѬˣһʱвġ
΢΢۵Ѭ
NƤСñַñأŵô˵أȷ㰢ȾƼû˺˻֯Ҳһ
һƲ͵⡭հɡ
NҪ˵Ϳ˿еĴ֯һ£˴ģ
Цָűֵܣǲֻ֪һֻȴིġ
һ§źͼһ߾һص
ԭ⾩һƫɣʺϴ֯
պһʪ󣬲ܲͷִͺöĴ֯
󣬾гЩ֯ҲǼ۸񲻷ơ
ЩƷ֯Ҫʮƽ򵽡
һţһ΢΢ͷ
Ҳһ㲻֪Щ顪ȺӱľΧԵʱСǶһˣ֣Ҳ˵Щ
֮磬αʢУǰй֮޲
˵ǰλհҹڹУСݹŴ֯ˣִ˲ƣ
N˰֯ŰƵջػУź͵֪ͣʲôʱܳ鷿𣿡
룬˵Ҫ뿪Ȣӵʱ򣬲ܲ鷿
NˣСֱסԴͰһǻʮ꣡
޾ɵֳϣûεԱߣһص̾ٹʮ꣬Ƕˣ˴ˡȢһ檣СӣԴףүȲţ⼦ɹӵȤ
Цųݵ㲻δرˡ
Nҡҡͷһӵͣи˵ó裬ȻСģ㰢Ｋõĳȴ֪һּҳĲ˵Ѱ˼ңֻҪ檽ŵģҷ˵Щ鷳ƽ顣
ϸ룬Сһһֵǵһ֮ˣȻúð۸ȥ
NһЦ־Ͷ˰ݵããֵܻǸ֡ݣƽͳ⻰ҽŮ޸ˣ
˵ţѧ˱ѾԽԽ࣬ۿſ쵽ϰʱ䣬ڹӵź£鱾ó
һʱ䣬鷿֮У֮
˶鱾һѡĶҲһһ𣬼ֱͳ˸ӻ⡣
NʼֻǼӴԺ˵˺棬ɤžԽԽˡ
ֱ˵һ
˵ˣɤӶˣNһﲱӣµ
ͼӴһ䣺ǰСӸūóȥɣ
Nѹû塣
ڵȵʦϿεʱ
ʦս£Ҫӻжж֮󣬲ſʼ⡣
ǻǵı޿Σƽտ밢֮佻ʱҲлģʽ
Ƕţ鷿ůŵĺܶ࣬ǳɤӶ飬˽ؾȵϷ졣
ͷʦȻһֵ졣


356 

ʼֻǸOO@@ؾԽԽߡ
ֱѧСǶ˶
NϽŻӣ͵͵ģͼֻ֯ͣ
ûã֯ĶԽˡ
ʦɫ࣬鱾һţ۹
NвãۿźSԱߣ־͵͵İֻλ
ҺúSһֱ״ּǳʲô
һ۹ʱȫ£˹
N״ɿر㽫ֻ֯һָűô̰棡鷿㻹Ǳոô
ΧĺǶôЦ
ʦֻɨһۣô¡
СǷãֻܵǹŽ߾ͺݺݵôʮġ
ӼֱưͳԻп˵ãһʱˡ

ûգڵ˵빬ʱ
һ磬컹ûθԺѾź˴
ѶѾõġɫʡʵءʽػ˺üΣȷһʧ
Ϊ£ټϰʹͣҲܳ˲Сһֻκӣⱦ
ôһ¶
žӣĵıȻ˺һѡδͷ
ԱߵĴŮˣľòףίȰ˺üΡ˼ǱϾθҲҪ̫ˡ
⻰ɫ䵭
ĸݵ΢û
ϻһ԰¾޵Ѫ
ôͲЩöˣ
СǸɶҲСƨҿӡ
Ƕ񡭡ôҲ˶ȥ

ӣԺΪҪ빬һҲû˯췺ǰ׵ʱѾ˴
ǰİǰԺ鷿ɣܸЩ
Ϊܾ˯ᣬӣûūȥŮ
Լʰţѡһ˹˹ֲʧĽװͬɫΣȻ˸ױݡ
ʯ󣬿
ȵʰˣۿʱǲˣӣȥŮ
˯㣬֮˶µġ
ӣſڶﻳ۾ţĽëѩ׷۵Сϣһ˯һ߳֡
ӣֻԣϴҪȻ˯
һԴѹӣϣзòС
ĸӣţŮǶˮĸϰϴС˿ڡ
ȵţ˸ſڣӣѵõؿรȻѾŶԺŵĵطŸˡ
ûรǲġ
񴩴úһɫװǱรûء
վֲ˵ӣмׯ£ǺǸԵС
תͷӣԥһ£׻ǹˡ
ӣ˸
Ҳʱ򣬸ˡ
รӣģһɨԱߵĴ񣬶ʱͳһ
⻹ǴǰǸηηŮ
ĳشȣ񴩴þԵˡԴϵΣ¾֮ࡣ
ֱǸƶ鱦ӡ
ǼϸС־£ôζϣûԳһʢŵĻĽ
รĿУţθûֱʵġ
ʡЩǸʹˡ
รһ¾뵽˸˵ġҪ񡱵ĴԵȵȡ
ʶһ֣Ѷȥˡ
Ӷ̽ͷ̰ضŴͷϿϾŮӣƯΣôܲע
ǵãӡĴ㣬ǰһֱǻͷġ
ǴţֻǴͷβ΢΢ֵһֻ죬ֱתͷԸ˼䣬Źλร
ȵӣǰ밲Ȼתรǰ
ӣͬ밲ͺܷˡ
รû˵ѾԹԵתص˸ߡ
طŸı䡣
ӣԹ˯ذ

˹ƸУ졭
ֱ˵͹õոիֳ˾飬Ůźϴ֡
Ůȫ밲
ͷλ࣬ԴһһӾͻˡ
Ůæ˫ַϡ
档
СϡͿĲ֪ʲôĸ֣밲ֽ밲˵ǡ
һ·ӽһͨڣ˵
߬Сȭͷĸش
СƲķŭֻ÷ɰߵĴŮǶͷ죬ƴЦ
СŮҲЦ˳
ˣľԽȴǰɰ̲ס߽棬ž͵뱾һЩ


357 

һ㶼ҡҡλεֱӹȥˡ
ʵ˵Ҳǡ֮ǰǼġʱֻǸ׶ûʲôԡ
İ絭ģǶԱոĺȴĵĺܡ
ͺͺS˵ʹͣÿڶǲȱġ
ͷϾʹŵʱʹ͡
Сδضѡֻһ۾ͽ۹תӣ֪صѡθġ
ǸˣѹܳгôЩꡣ
ôţͳӣζЦЦ
ЦһЦϺԱ߶ٴˡ
ϣӣʵ벻ͨôƫƫôõĸİϲŹĵﶼϲ
񡢶䳤ЩҲˣ֪ԼѪԵϵǺ͹ǲһġ
˶ſȥ
һɨȥŮǵ飬Цž͵ߡ
ڸǺֺܻø˵ǰȴЩӳˡ
Ǳǰλ˫µɨһɨ
ǰǸ΢ųСŮð˳
ȴ󷽣ȥ͸밲Ȼˡ
˳һ֣§˻
תͷŶ񣬾ͿСһʮţθڣɵؾͿһ䡣
һ䣬ร۾ˡ
һ֦չĴ񣬵ֻǵһۣ˵İ縮һŮûٿˡ
СüĿ֮Ҳİ硣
ǲ˵Ц֮䣬¶֮ͯɵؾõ뵽˵İ硣
źİСʱһ涼ף˵ʮİһֱϥˡ
§ʳʶ̣ȻᵽҪ꣬ʱ򸣽Ͳรǻźٽ
ﵽڣȤĽĿ
һ˵һ߹ŮǾͰѵġǹ׷
˼ζŷ֮˶ſˡ
ڸܳ裬ﶼʱ򱻵§˼仰ŵϵζС첲СȣҪȥ
ﺢӹнö࣬ô˵ġ
ôһʱмִ
οǰСѾͷԼĵŮһѪԵġ
һ־Ͱ񱧵Լϥˡ
ϵһƣҸԼλȵˣſʼԸ㡣
СԴҲûԱ߻Ŷ񡪡һŮ
תͷ˶񼸾仰ͷһѾͷǸֱӵġ
ûûЩ͸һɺɵ
̧ͷһ۶Ķรͷ΢΢졣

ۿö⾰Щվסˡ
ùŮͲ裬ǰȥʹ󵨵Խ˹ǰȥŷ
ӹҲûôֻ˵һ䣺ҲǱոĸ񡣡
֮ǲˣǸðѸļӸ
һӾϱ˸Ƶġͨˡ
Щ޴Ϳʹ˸ɫˡ
ร˵˼лС̫˵ʻˡ
Ժ֮˲ٻݲݣʱһЦתͷӣร½ЩʮֽۣƷѵã벻ȥƣ
Ȼô˵ȴȵλϣû
ûаҪ˼
ӣ˲˵˼븣˵仰Լรȥ
ӣվǹȥл
΢ЦžźǹȥƣʲôϲĻݶߵʱ򣬲˴ϡ
ӣлһȥֱ
ȻһͷͿϾȻûӦλû
ɫ糣˵һ飬ֻ䵭
һΣߵĹŮζˣƴקקӡ
รϽվˡ

ȵֻʣµ͸һڲˮ̧Ÿֻʣϰ˸ˡ
һĵʲôʲôȻǳ⻰⡣
ʵҲǵרҪ˵¶ֻǷŵһӣֵͯúܡ
ȴûһǴӸġ
ǰŲŲԼŲһСƣЦŵǶá
̾һá
⻰һ˵ϵı鶼ˣͷϵĺһһð
òͿͷΪոȴΪıյµӣܡ
ҲûôϿ˺üͷ̧ͷһߵĴŮ
ŮϽȥѰ˸ˡ


358 ֦

ϱŮק۾ѾˣۿŶӾҪȴֻû
ͷŲյ֮ƮĲҶŵᵽ¡
˶٣̧ͷͿ羪֮һ㣬
²յҲ̫ţʵϼϰˣֻ˵󣬴һġϾĸҲЩˡ
λ꿪Ȣ׵İУ˰Ǻٵˡ
ڱסˣӲᣬʵصβӣǡ
Ļпԡ
˶ٵ㻹֪Ͷˣ֮ԻἱΪԸҲ֪Ϊոһֱϥ¿տգվǶԸġ
µֱͷ֪֪ǸҲãٲãҲã
޵ü̾˿ˣ΢ƽһЩżָǰķƽ˾ҲҪΪδѡ⼸ȥΪİ谮ĲรǸĴ
ᣬͷϵǣϡʵ
ʵǶ֪㡣
˶٣Ŀ⵭ǰŲ֪˵ˣҲ⼸ŮѡҪ縮ٶǻô˵ţơ
ɫһƬҰס
˸һӸ˶񣬲ŵĽǶһҲ˵£ֵ㵽ʱģֻҲδüˡ
ϣ˶̱ˡ
⾰ǲ˵ˣߣ㱾ȥͻɢɢİգǿĴģЩȥúһ롣
Ӳ˲ͷϵĺ͹ȥŵ
˵Ժ֮УŮĬĬţԺ֮УһƬ̺죬ϼ
ǻȻǼƷ֣ûǰѾŵһķ㣬Ƣ
ĵԺеĻֱ֦һС֣Ż֦סһָѻժɻͷϡ
ȻңЦСӽ˵﹬еĻ䣬ûּ⣬ǲԲժġ
Щɨˣ̧ͷǻ֦ǺֱܿĻע
Ͷ԰л׷ţΧӣ
ӣϽܣЩϸˤţ
һ˵һ߾ͿѾܵԼǰ°һСϣһģҪˤȥ
ӣһʶؾȥҪקסĸ첲ȴѾԼһ£άƽ⣬ȥ׷ˡ
վԶؿһŵϲ

ӹȥϣʱɫ׵һֽ
ӣˣǵڹʱ򣬰˲Ÿ˵ʲô
ҪȻϽʱǺúõء
ôţ§§ŮС͹Ļúÿʲôʱȥ棿
ղߵʱ򣬵ѾӲ˸˶˻ݣӣ⻰ͷŮСԴ͵żܿ͹ˣʱܽȥ棬ʱ򣬰껹һȥ
񻶺һֵѻҵ͹Ļ
ӣ͹׽֮⡣
ŮཱུСǻܸߣֲµġ
һ£ŮĴɣÿ˯ѣһ۾Ƽˡ

صūǰѻװжҲûôȥԺˡ
ӣ˼ˣԺС԰ԱߣͿūǰѻȥ
ͼֶеСϽĸˡ
Ҫ꿴ȵֺ֮վڻ£ָ̧Ż֦
ʱ᲻ժ֯ɻˡ
ʱ򣬺ͻˡ
һԺӣĻͱһ漴ôһһôӹ˻ģ
ԱߵС̫͸ͣ˵ǵĶͣ鲼˺ü㣬ʱ˵ȥûġ
Ķͳȥˡ
Сȣܵǰֳס͵ӣ͵磡⻨ɺÿˣ
һ˵һ߾̧С֣ͼԴϷһ껨֦ӳ޷֮䡣
ǱϾСӰζûɹ
ҪæȴֻһܰϮ
΢΢תͷͼ֧֦ѾԼ֮
ǰĬĬؽǻ֦ѹ


359 仨

һ˲վԭأǾСַǻ֦ȻŰЦЦЦ͸żָмֹɡ
һ׽Ż֦һصлл磡
Ǵ۵ģʱл̧
Ľëֳܣһ˫޹ֿɰ޶˶뵽ľΧԵʱǵ׷£ʧС¹
ūŲҵ
СֱԴͳŰЦЦ
˵ֻǳŰЦôЦһ֮ȴǰһԭǺǰѾǻ֦һڴĻժ
˳־͸޷ϣǲժǲǣûϵиڣҪ¡
ĿɿڴְǶ仨ͷСﶢſһ˲ŵһôģϿͺѽ
ѵøһƨϣЩɨˡ
Ȼ̧ץץףҲ˵
˵ʲôͷĻһȻߵ˰ǰ
ղűѾ˵˺ͷţû뵽Լǰˡ
̧ͷͿ̧ŲӿһƯС϶ϧ֮顣
֡
Ȼ֡
΢΢̧Сָ֣һɣǶ仨ڰ֮С
۾ص磬ѹµĻ֦ɡ
˵꣬С־ͱıĻȥˡ
վԭأôάֵĶû
ԼҲûнõģǶٶЩСƢ
õ屴ոӣתıո͵Ҳ˺üͬС
ŮǵļӣǼģ͵áȴܲһۣ˵ҲŴŴ
ֱɰˡ
ͷĻҲܽһĸš
԰еĻ
䲻Ѱ˼ҡ

ո£ҲŽˡ
ﱻȾϼɫ
ŮѾʼһˡ
ĴյӣԱߣקӣŶ档
ӣŮСԴź͵ȥٹյ蹦ǲҪˡ
һ˫۾ЦСסӣĴȾ͵ѾˣҲ仨ÿأ
ԱߣոһӸͽԾͺдصǿˣôҲһأҿ׸磡
ӣָŮǣ⻰룬Цŵðѻ˭ˣ
һۣҪ˵ȻԺﴫͨİҲˡ
ոһݣû˵Ⱥ˰Ȳ裬Ȼһϴ֣һ߾ʲôֳɵĵġ
ӣһơã첻֪ʲô״ˡ
λүǶˡ
Ȳһ򶼵Ȳˡ
УСһ˵һ߾öȥŷ»ֱٻ֡ͳƴ
İ練ҲϴɾģֱӾһͽ
һƤİųڣؿھ͵ȫǱм
ྻʱüͷһ壬־͵˵ؿڡ
С߹ԼһСӣָ̧İ磺꣬ųԣ
С滹ֻСӣ˵ˣƺ°㲻
ԼСȣ˸׵ϣȻָСİؿڣԡ
ʲô
İһϸ׵Ķˣ
һ֣ͰŮڻˡ
棬һתͷЦһ߾ĬĬذİʣµĸ㣬һһ鶼ͽгˡ
İһ߱һ߾ӣڹΡ
ӣͷβѹ˵һ顣
İϳȥͻֻ˸ڴ̸֮üͷ΢΢һ壬ɫƺҲ˼
һͺ񶼲˵ЦˣǴ굽˺͵ߣص硣
֣ڱˡ
ӣİϵ飬Сү
İѹӣֱûʲôӣģЩ
˵꣬ǲ⣬תעе˺ϡ
ʼʺͽڹ鷿Ρ
һ˵ˡ
üɫİѽ鷿¸˵һ飬Ȼ˵ʱʵûס˼⡣
ûգĿ佱һͨ
İȤؾ͵ʲô⣿
ԱС̫͵Ͽӣ˵һͰѿӸȥˡ


360 ͵Ĵ

ŸһϸϸľͰⶼ˵ˡ
İһţһߵͷ󻹲뷨Щ˼굱ôʱ鷿飬δ뵽ôࡣ
͸˵ˡ
˵ţˡ
ͿԱߣǿһ˵ţһ߾ֻסãԱߵ˵ڵյԶһЩ
İ΢΢ֱӣūǽֺõĸԼǰţĺڹ鷿δعϰߡ
ЩСĻǵ޷Ͼмһ㱲֡
ǾͲһˡ
ǵǰ鷿ʱСС鷿Ҳš˼ӵġ
ʮģ͸һƵģֻü˰磬조˸磡˸硱ظڰ˰ƨɺ档
ֱʮ磬ʱѾһĵظԼˡ
ʱ򣬱İҲԼȻͻȥץʮʣĸأ
û뵽鷿ȴˮطGʹΪףҲʼδˡ
˵˵ţ˵ǰӺNѴ֯鷿˶
NŵõͰѹ׸˹ӣǹӱ˺öġ
˵Űԣ˵˵žЦ
İ絹ͣеĿӣɫͶԺ͵㲻ѧ֪ɥ־׽ԴӶN˾ǲףǲס
˵ǲסɫ࣬ŪúҲˡ
Ͻ׷ˣվ͵ǣꡣ
˵˾еڡԼղ˵̫ģôҲ˵ء
񿴼ˣʱǻںǰȻ͹ȥİȡ
ӣּһӲ˸İ磬һֻӵС֣Цŵ㰢û˼Ե㡣
ϣİǰԺ鷿ûд£ţӣ˵һ׻˼ӣ̤ݵɫȥˡ
ϣūʰҲûÿôֻСַϥϣеƲ֡
ӣ֪ӿ϶Ÿղŵ顣
Ůǵȳȥɣﲻա
ȵûˣӣں͵ĶصؽһЩӵգ֪ͺNܵͦҪõģ𣿡
͹С˵ͷ
ӣ㰢ֻǲϲNܵܵΪ׷˺Nܵˡйܸģˣ
˶٣ֵοκķлǰġ
ãȻص⻰
ӣ룬£ŶӵС֣NܵľΧУһһ𵽽棬óǴ֯һ棬ǰⶼûеġֻ鷿С鷿רѧĵط
˶٣е飬޹ضԴֻǿϲʱˡͬһ飬ںʵʱڲʵʱõЧྶͥ
˼գգۡ
ӣС֣뵽ŵ飬ֵ֮佱ʱηӦأ
һ¾ͱɵˡ
ץץף΢˺һŵҰúܣҲɥĺܣƺЩʧ䡣
˶٣ǰͷҵʱңƺġ
̫үĶˡ
˵棬СӣǲĲף
ӣҡҡͷǡֻĴϻۣԱС˵һѹ
͵۾һίίصǡƾԼȥʦĿ佱д𣿡
ӣҡͷһºͶᶨصû˵
ƽһЩվԭ˼ֵѧŻһֱҴϻеԺÿÿٶʦҲǶ೤Щʶ
ӣһţ
͸һ£ԭžǴ󰢸ҵĺˡ
Ǵ硣
ӣ룬ʺ͵ƽߵý𣿶ôҲû
ҡҡͷӴǰҲûʲô飬ҲǽպȻǰģŶӾһ佱رԱ˶ˣһʱӶˡ
룬Щ˹üͷǹ𣿡
ӣ۽գգû˵ֻסӵС֣ůů
͵СЩ
ӣԺȥԺ͵
̨ף˪
ӣָԺӽһŵ㻹ǵ𣿡
͵˵ͷǵãСʱԺ棬ϲ¡
ӣͷǰȥַɵÿһ꣬ҲͳôһЩ


361 ɱ

ԭأŶ
ӣˣ˵ĳɳҲǼḶ́Ÿո鷿һ㣬ȵ뿪һ죬м仹жꣿ
С֮ǰNҲ˵ġõȵȢޣ˴ˣſ뿪鷿
˵ˣԼץץףȸпһ䣺м仹ò갡
ӣͷˣôʱÿ춼ȥ鷿ÿ춼ҪڵЩСһ顢һɳ
͵ɴۿӣһ΢΢߬Сȭͷ˼صͷˡ˼ǣö֪Щطâ¶˼ʡ
ӣסӵС֣ƽ۾ڶʦļ⣬˵ԼԼ뷨ҲäӡΪ㽾
Ϻ˺죬ٺٵЦȻϽҡҡС֣һ˿ɬ
ӣȥǣ鷿Ҫѧϰĵطչжϻ۵ĳءͬһСǣʶǶ̫࣬µõһⲢûʲôôǶ̫үʹ󰢸ҵкǡ
ԭذΣץץСԴ˼öӡ
ӣһζѧʱƣֻĴϻչڹؼǰǾ㹻ˡ
ﲻİ縮ƸӣϵҲࡣ
ͬһ磬г̫ͻģķա
ؼˣ
ӣվŶӵСִߣһһߵںУؼ˭أ
ʹûǶȥ⣬һʱ䱻ﶼʵסˡ
ֻСִڶϣ󣬲ŵǡ
ӣͷıģ࣬һĺ׵Ȼǡ𣿡
ͳ˼˺һصл귨
ӣͣͷź͡
ͽ촽ԹԵ鷿ʱĹ˵귨³֮ʱᾭפһ귨û߽
ӣͷȻǶ飬귨ҲǲŴǵġ
ͷһҲô롣
̧ͷĸ׵Ҷη귨ֻŶ̹ҵǾ仰귨ǻ귨Ȼǻϡ
ӣһ¾ЦˣӵСǵôѽ

ϵʱ򣬺ˡ
С̫棬緭ȥһû˯š
ūЩģʶҪ㣿ǶӶˣҪŷҹ
ȫˡ
ĬĬĻŰ鷿Ĺ⾰ȷ˵û
ʱԼʦĿ佱޵վʱ˺NϲŰƸȲʡ
ĸܵϱȴЩӵġ
СһǶĻǺ¸úܡ
һ룬Ƿı鰡
뵽ʱ򣬺ǿŵ
ûִһ뵽һǡĴɱ
û˲ϲ˿ޣˡ
Կ佱ܶմմϲȻͽͣչԴ󡢿Ը
ʱҲ뵹ùԶˡ
ǺΪʲôҪأǺСĺأ
ԼҲû
ֻΪԼʦĿ佱
ԽԽίؿʼʶԼǰΪġ鷿Ǹ顢ѵܹСءҶݣ޷ǰⱴգλвѡ뷨
Ƕôáô档
ֱɵ
Ȩ֮۵Ͻ֮УһԴ
սСȭͷ˴壬ȻһƱӣͺ˽źЬ¡
ūǹڵȰţ磬ҹﻹ鷿ʱѾǲˣϽЪϢɡ
ûǣֻüͷЩ
ūǼȰҲûӣֻһţһ߹ȥร
ҺӣдףûϢ¡
ŶˣӣҲһ
ʲôʵ
ڵϵūŻû˵ӣһ̧ͷͿѾˡ
ū׷ں棬硣
վſڣһַֻǽϵСжίˡ
һ˵仰ص
ӣдһ룬ڹؼʱ򣬵һ⻰־ͰѲ׺ˡ
Ҳ˲īˮûɡ
˵
̧ͷӣ
ͱ˱⣬ȻСֱǰ
һ̬
͵նӽӣ˺һҴûжԺŲѺùֱҵĺӣҶ֪ƽҲ֣֮ǰҲûнӣʦ佱Ҽ䣬Ҫң
ӣע⵽һΣû˵󲮡ǳƺˡֱ


362 ʤ

˵˵ţίòˡ
ӣĶˣǰȥһ߰СȭͷƲһ߾ͰοҲֻǿܣʵδرˡһ˴ǰԣĴϻۣ׽ύ㣬ѵͲ𣿡
͵ͷ룬СŽڵϻ˸Ȧץץף̾һɡ
ӣͷȥ鷿ԺNʱ򣬴ɲشһȥƽദáվüġʲôıԣģǴΪ۹ȥͽͽĥԸľ
ӣ˵꣬Ķӵֱˣˣٲ˯ˣȥɡ
͸ո˵һ䡰áͿﴲϵıӶһ¡
ΪԼۻˣֱǱһͷ˳ͷġ
Цž磬˵Ļȫ
ϻ룬ǷŹҶȻȥˡ
´ܵǰס֣Ȼͷ˯ɣ۾ˡ
һ˵һ߾ܵĻױ̨Աߣ˻ױ̨һֻСӣ˺ҰͿ
һ˵һ߾ͰѺԱߵϸסˡ
ͿóذֻСӴˣһζͳ˳
ŨĻ㣬˸硣
ʲôüͷʵ
תͷЦӣһۣصضԺ͵꣡˪

תۼ䣬Ѿ˹ʱųϦ֮ҹһٽıոҲԽŨ
鷿СЩӶЩĲɣżԪ
һ죬һֵ֮һ죬춼ı죬ϵƻͨ˹Ļա
֮Ŀ
Ȼ˵鷿ҲֻŴһһ죬ʱǲżٵģǱϾŶӡˣϿεǿҲ⡣
ͼŶĻ鷿ʱ򣬱Ȩһˡ
ֻʦѾ֪ϻۣÿÿ鱳ʱ򣬺ǻԼķΧڣټȥôһ֡
кͱĺһȽϵʱ򡪡Ǻ̫үʹ󲮼ҵкһʦʱ
ҵС硣
ͶǱסһ΢ġˮƽ
ʦʼǺˮƽʧˡ
Ͼŵ
ȵˣʦϾǺӣЩƳˡ
Ƴ֮ʦԺƽעЩ
ôСкء֪طâѾѵãοܿסԼֵʤ
ƾԣ⺢ǰ;
ǺN棬Сһ飬Ͳˡ
ȵʱ򣬺NббؾӹСֽ
ֽųһСͰ͵ģ㱻Ͳ˽ŵ£ҿӼˡ
չСֽͿббĴ׻ֵܣ
Ҳû
ͳźNҡҡͷҲû˵ʲô

һ죬æ˳·ߵ鷿þ鷿ﴫʶ
ܺãվһ̫Ҫͨһ
鷿ʦɹĸҽΣһлġ
ȻǺġ
䣬鷿ůյȺģСһѬû˯ʦ˵˵ţ顣
Sܲңһ鵽ˡ
ʵԴӽ鷿һֱŬάһڸкܵ͵Ľɫ״̬Ʃ粻˵Ҫڵ÷ԡǿκȥʦˡ
ʦҲûж˽⡣
ʱ򣬺Sվ鱾ͨ졣
ǰŵСǣеûתͷ׷׳
ôĿһעӣSˡ
ҪʵᱳģǱôһԴ˲һƬհס
ֵܣ棬Сؾ͸һ䡣
ʦ棬ʵƼ˺͸SѣһϲĴѧҲ֪ͺͺSĹϵġ
ʦʲôû˵
Sһѣֱͬõһһ㣬һ±˺ü䡣
Ǻþ⼸ֿ֮ˡ
洩ЦSȵòӸ͸ˡ
棬СкĶ϶Ͳɵҡҡͷ
һʱ棬ͻͷʵļҵģ
ūϸһۣŵػϣıռҵĴ󰢸硣
ͷû˵ˡ
鷿ʦһۣÿֱҵĺšڻͷźS
źSľ̬ɵֱ֡
ʦ鱾һָ
һ漴󷽷վֻСֱ󣬾ͿʼҡͷԵر
ıȺSöˡ


363 

ʦ¶΢Ц
ʦ΢΢ͷµ⣬˼ѾƮ˾⡪ϻظʱôˡ
ּעһУνɶзɣԳɡνпɡʱ򣬾Ϳˡ
Ҫ
СǶһΡȥƿƵģѱˣ
ŵİԱߵѣȥƽɣġ
ʦһ۾͵סڣ
ŵһ¾ͰԴȥˡ
ǣղźͰѺSʱҲû˵ʲô
˼ǺЦֵ˭ҵģ
ԱߵŹƣˡ
ͷűôĿİͰ֪ͣСѹ֪˵ʲôǣ岻̻Ӳɡ
˰֡
־е⣬Ȼˡ
鷿ʦűˣҲû£۹鷿ɨһȦ
кȫͷȥˣʦ۹⣬оĬңң
̫үҵĺ̩ɽ
ݲһ㣬ĺӼм־η֮ģźüʦ˵ҲºһЩ
̫Ӿ̫ӡ
̫ӵĶҲһ㡣
ǵõ꣬Լڶ鷿ʱ򣬿еݺ͵ʦڵġ
Ǻû뵽ǰλʦǸƵ
˶ͷȥˣֻкԭţʦǰ±
˲;ˣСָԼѿڶʵң
ʦһȻأı顣
ʶԼǵĲò˿ڣߺѧѧδ
۰̫ӵģ˵⼸ӹϵţ̫ᷢվһ
̫ӵĶǡЩСҲϤġ
վ鷿棬һˣתͷŹǱɼҵĺ
ɡ̫ӵŹȻ˳ƺ֪үɽ̫ӿúء
Źһۣúתչϣյ
Źƶ֮󣬲Цүˣȷ̫үҵС磡
һ˵ˡ
˼վһҡͷ̾Ϣɵ͵ʱ򣬿ɱˣ
ŹվԱߣĬĬ룺һ
̫Ӳ꣬Ϊع칬ԹӺͶѧϰ
֮󣬿ÿ춼ҪطiĶѧϰ̵Σġӽĵá
еʱֻҪ³֮󣬾У̫ӵʦϵһȥԼ䵱Ļʦ
ô
ڣһøսĶ
Źôţؿһүޱ߼˿ײİ׷
̫үǸС޵ʱֻҪ̫ӵ£۴Сϸ飬үǷͷ
¶֮Ա
ү˺󻹳п˵ֻҪ̫óãʰ겢
Źһ·̫ӳ󡪡̫Ӳ֡
Ϊʰ겢һ
һǼٵġ
Ҫ̫ӳҪ⺢һˣͬ죻Ҫ޺Ϊµ׶ӣӥΪһ
ɽƽʢ
ԱϿȥǶڸ׵İٰǻ³
ʵϣȴǸ벻ӡ
һԸ֮䣬ʼǾεĹϵ
Źͷţߣȥƣ
⵹ѵáһ鷿Ҳе߽ȥġ
鷿飬ʦոû˺
վﻹĥţŷűһ뿨ˡȫһ֡
ôԼñʲôطͲأ
ţͺĺһ̧ͷſڡ
ǶȥʦϹҲϽе鱾ȥҪ񣺡
һֱ̧񡣡
һ˵һվŵĺʹһۡ
ļҵСӡͷЦ⣬
ǰȥ밲ˣ귨밲귨꣡
ĶӶ࣬Ҳ࣬Сڷٳͷʱ򣬾һСһһ
ܼǵúͣΪľΧԵʱİ춼Ѻʹߡ
ˢ˴ڸС
ۼź͹鷿ĺǶʱӦʱʰ밲ġҲ˵귨밲ģһʱӣҳһƬ
ʦԱϡտγ̾͵ˣ
˰֣飬ޡ޾·ƣôϣôϣɲ˼٣
˵ֶ̧꣬ԺǵλȥúΡ
ʦֻõϵּ⡣
˵ˣת飬뵽ֵͱ顣
ʦ΢һ
ҿǺ͡


364 

;ˣѵû귨٣ʱչԼʱ
С΢΢
鷿֮УֻͯԽŴݣ졣
֮ζҲƽģҲζ֮ƽġƽº͡
һͶûУֱӰƪˡ
ǸղѺŵİʱ濴һ߿һ߸Ĭ
ȻأСͶԺŵһֲ
͵С֣鱾һѹܻص죡
վ˵Ŀ⽻֮£Ȼڱ顣
ʦ϶췢ˣǵЦѹѹȥֱš
ãã˵ֵ꣬˼ƪ
ѹ˼ֱˮһ㻩±
ĺãϾҲãȻͨ˳ˡ
ͬЩ¶Ǵгһ㣬ֻȻڶԱ˲뷨
һЩҵС磬˺ͣɵˡ
ȻĿ֮ȴ͸¶֮⡣
ʼʱţ죬⺢ӱһ˲ʱ书
ȻǱĺˣʱ⺢ϰҵˡ
ѧ޶裬СС͵ʱĥƷԣȻǺܺá
ļҵĺӣطGһԡ̤̤ʵʵ£һһӡ
ǵͽ˺üƪһֱؾͿˡ
΢΢ۡ
ⲻǹùġ
Ǹӡ

ͱʱ򣬺NֵòУʹŰƣֻ﷢޲Ϸ԰Ƶģһã
һתͷÿҵĺݵؿź͡
NٺһЦȥ˳ıӡ
ʹĵͺһתͷźNŭĿӡ
NСظСָָͣԺÿ͵ҵĺֵܣ
һ˵һתǰҼкҲ˷ܵѹ͡ҵĺֵܣ
Ǽкһһүүڴˣʡʡɣı顣
ڣͱˣʦһֳһߵͷãããͰ磬°գ
һҳ鱾͸ղźͱЩ俪ʼָϰһ顣
ȻԱߺS͵͵ص͵ܵܣ㱳˶ã
תͷSĿĵԼ
СڿϣҶ˼飬˯֮ǰֿһ飬ôˡ
Sе㲻ţô飬Ŀһֲ
ͱʵеĪץץ׵ЩԭѾǼˡǲһ֣˼ȫ
˶٣ʵҲǱ飬ֻаǸѡ
Sһ˿
ͺñһ֣⵶ʹôģ
ǸָץץͷѵӵţֻҪеȻʹˡ
ʵ˼˵ʵ˵˵û˵
˼
SĬĬ˺ͺһŵ͵ܵܣ츳
˵棬˵ͣ̾磡
Աߵģʱ΢΢ǰһѺS󰢸磬껹ڴ˶
S֪˼ǣԼٳź˵ˡ
ĬĬֱӡ
ʦŽһСΣѾ˸ŵʱ
ŷĸ̫ʾڴˣԱֱӱʻϡ
˻ֵʱˣҲЪһЪ
СһܳԷˣʱһ
үӰҹ鵽ڣЪһˡ
ǰŻүү˭Ҳû̫ұֳԼĿ֡
˸ڵ̫ˮһˡ
ŷĲʽȻǾµģ鷿͵ģ嵭ζΪ
ΪãؿζĲȣɫһ㣬ɢǵע
鷿ѧϰʥأôԴȣ

ӻ˶ԿЩ֮
°˭Ҵսȥ
ãʹҲˡ
кͷǰĳʳ̧ͷȥ
źһŵҲЩȻζ
ͷ°ֳͣϥϣ׼뿪ȻǰһŲ
̧ͷӳһ԰װֵС֡
Сһֻ̣ϷˮĹӡ
캮Ǵӽ˹ģ;ַ˱Ͱʡ
˵Ͻܱ߷ɫ
ϸһ˪ѩ΢ҡ
̧ۣͿվԼǰһ˫峺Ͼӣ·Ѱ˼ҵһ㣬ĵصүүһ𳢳ҹӰɣ
ԱߵŹ˲䵹һ
˭ǡǣ


365 ˵©

Ҳһ漴΢Ц
ҹӣźеĵӡ
ŷģԴʮǰǰ͵Ĳˡԭġ
ǰеһ顪ԵĺӶηԼֻļҵСӣĴǰ
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366 Ȼʺ

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371 ķ

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Nذ˰֡

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İԱߣһ飬һ߿һ΢΢ͷ
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һ˵һѾūͭϴ֣˸ӣһƲ˺ͣ߸˵صһԡ
İԱһȸ飬΢ЦżкӲţͷԣѩɰбһпĻϲ

ŵʱ򣬺NҶ࣬˵鷿ﲻ׷㡣
ʵҲǲ㡪ϾҪϲܻܲ˸
ǽˣرʦע⡣
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ָָؿڣ﷢ţ
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372 㱳

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İ˵ͷ򣬿Ӽ粢ߵſڣūǴӵ

ΪN㹻кһ
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ˣеĻѺ̫ŵĹǰ·
ϣֻСֳϥϣᣬһصڳϣֿܵ졣
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Nʱš鱾޲Ӷɽȥˣ⻰̧źһЦɹŵĺ
˶٣Ȼ뵽ʲôƵģ䲻ˣ˵˵Ҫ귨ȥɹһˣ
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ˡ
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N˺һߵߵȥȥľô䣬ԽԽ
鲻÷ǿڵһαĶ䣬һǵð˳
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Nһؾ͵ֵܣɰû⿪ͷҲˡ
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ĵӲ
ǿNҲͲ˵ʲôˡ
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ֻһͨСѧãȻеͬʱһݾ衣

ڵ鷿ΪźһͬNѵõҲ絽һΡ
֪ԭһЩ鷿ôôտôϰ
鷿̫һߴ򿪴ͨ͸һ߹С밲
Сֻſ˵ûʲôЩūŵġ
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ĹܸˣЦÿѳ˻ƺšҵҵ
һϲʱֵ˺̫
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νʵǡ㱳ǵ¡
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Nͷͺ£ֻСǰסһңңң
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С̫һڿιġ
̫ˣ
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⻰һ˵ǰС總ˡ
һСͬŅֲ˲ͷϵ亹


373 Ź

ʦ΢΢
û˵ȻվСˣʦ˵ǽˣ׻ϿεʱأôⲻϹأҪúNɣһҲźøأ
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ˡ


374 

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һ˵ţһ߾Ϳϴ֮ʱ˺һڵϣɳһҶ
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ӣӵСԴοѾˣЩҲû壬𼱣δؾô⡪ϾǻСк֮Ҳǳ£岮δرƽϡ
˶٣ҡҡͷN⺢ӣҲ̫嶯ˡ֮ǰʲôĿԭίֻҪȻȭͷ¶ͺռˡ

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375 

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̫طiҲǣʹ޵Ӵµһտʼû棡ǶȪ֪֪񾹱Լ˴һߡԿ


376 

̫ᵽѲһ£ĬȻһ˲ǳ̾һۡ
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尢ͷ͵ʰ꣬ӡ
˵ԼǸףNһΡ
ڴδ֪ĺôأ
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⻰û˵꣬Ѿ˵£ʲôˣ
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Nӳһֱܳ谮ûгԹôĿĹǺϴƨӺ
ϹԱߣֲΡΡק尢ӣֲק
֪һǵĻһ㡪Ȼ̫ӼҵĶӡ
尢˵㲻ãδرסҲɵˡ
˶ӣ尢ѳһӣϣۿͰѴ˵һ顣
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Ҳ˲ƨˣվԭؾ૵ص꣬ʲô˼ҵļңҳȥˣסĶʲôʲô
ϵķӦȺNȵӳ֮ǰȥקס尢ӣúˣүѽɣ
尢ûƽʱţ־ͰӸˣŭԸԹ˭

϶ӣ˵꣬һӣؿڵѱҶƽԴöȶõģܵĿ˰ţǻҪĸӵ𣿡
Աߣ˫üδô˵Ǻиʲô̵ģֻҲδˡ
һ⻰ͱˣӣϣֱ׹ȥֻ̫ӼҵأɺNҲҵүҵͷ­ȥ̫үȥ
ӣϽöһ𣬺ò׽ϲԱϡ
Ҫֽסӣӣеȥֻǵıүүƽﻹߵýรıүǰ飬ܽNǲȥڵĹءҲ뾩ģ
ӣ̧ͷһüͷĸͷϽ͵ǲæֻүѾ˾ǰҪüղܻ
Ͼ̧ͷӣ
ӣн˽ס֣˼һ˲ؿϣ屴үҲǺNİ꣬β˵ûǺ統иֻ̡屴үżӳߡ
̧ͷӣͷ˼£ȻһɣԱ˹ȥ

ԺҳһƬ֪ʲôʱ򣬺Ҳˡ
վԺſڣͿ漦ɹҳһš
ֹһ;ȻؿNĶĲรϣְ§뱧ŷҡ
εˣ̧ȥϢˡ
дŮææسȥдһתۼ˺ͣæô


377 

ûشֻ۾صʲô£Ůһʱ˵Ҳ˵˶ٵรأҪҲร
Ҫ˵Ϳˡ
ӣӣҲһѿھ͵ͣôˣ
ǰȥֻСץס˶ӾʵǲǺNʲôˣ
ӣ̾˿̧һཱུСǽ֮顣
ǰ򵥵˵һ顣
˵ˣ͵ɴ۾˵ˡ
ӣ飬Ҳ֪֪ԣĶӵļ򣺡԰ȥԺúչãһͻȥ
ҡҡͷǼصһͬȥһѲร
סӣ֣ô

ϰڴ£һŮ֧һ˱ţֱ´ȥ
ԱŲоС
߬վһԣüͷǰһС
ǵģʲôŹλȥңתͷԻޢԹ
ޢԱߣŸ⣬֪˵ġλָϡ
ϲ尢磬˾Ű硢ʮһ硣
ǴӵƵʾܿóʱҲǺܵóġ
ǰҲ˵ϻġ
治ΪʲôŹȥҡ
ԽԽӣؾֻϱġ
ŪãǻˮҲδ֪
ôţŻԺϣ͸ˡ޲ֱ֣ӸѪѹϽıոȥ
N⺢ӾǸͷӣ
ҲѶá
ţūµ밲
һͷӣ󣬺ѾŽˡ
ССӲڴ˱˶ңһʱ֮Ҳá
üӣ˵ȴѾǰȥ
ʱҲתһתͷҪõĺͰ磬Ǳ
һ֣ס˺Ͱװ۵Сֱŵ磡
գգۣͯ۵ذο䡣
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סĸ˵Ѿ¶ǲˡ
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ǰôƫƫû뵽
һֱҲΪԭÿȥ˵һϴѵ顣
һβһǺN飬ϲţѲǱߣܷӲܣ
Ĩһᣬ͵վ͵Ҫ
ĸҲûϵ˵
תͷɫϽȰֻǲˣ첻ˣҪٹһֻ¶ҪԿˡ
û˵꣬ѾֱקӰˣ󸣽ӣ
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ĸҲһеġ
Ͻ֮УŽɭϣңҲҪƾ֤ӣһݷ񸮣һݷھţ빬ʱԡÿһΣʱҪϽɡ
ĸҲûϵϻϽⲻɰġǸӡ
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ޢԱߣͿ˵ʱ£ɤˡ
ϽǰȥòײŰϵִӸϳ˿
ϵŮҲˣรܻбķӣٲɣ˴ŶҲģ

Ͻǡ
Уױ÷ɫԣüͷ壬ǰŮŵϻӡ
ϻﶼҩġ
ʮʱһ󲡣ûȥ
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ˡ
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ûãϻӾѾ͵ּǰ
֮УŵĶҩɬ
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378 

˶̫΢΢ҡҡͷ
ۼǹǰˣּϱ㽫ҩĺƷˡ
ҩһأŮɢƵġ
รϢŭรϢŭūǹһȰ
ּϺ۾ŵϺݺһڵӶҹˣ˸ūţǲϡЩ
˵ţתȥͿϻ˯˺þõĺ΢΢һ£Ƥƺƿһ졣
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ȴҲûκηӦ
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͸ӣصԺӡ
ȫ֪淢ʲô飬͸ˣ»ﱧŵС⽣ϲϲسӭ˹磡
СҡβԺǰǰš
嵽ӣǰϲϲľͰ޻ҼĻòÿ
ӣŮСԴûʲô˼ŮˣǵĹԣԼһȥе£ȵһȥ㣬òã
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ص˵ͷָӣŶ˵
ӣͷֺŮ̸ģû뵽ʲô鶼ϲˡ
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ӣͷһſԼұӣ֪ʲôʱѾһѷ졣
ѷ켫䲻ȣȻǱ˺ġ
ӣһӾ뵽ϷץŸӡ
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Nľǰӭ˹ȥ
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NЩСԴҿС飬ֻǵ
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ǰȻѧϰ̬Ҳ棬Ǵûͷ׶̹ɵĳ̶ȡ
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ܻᾭ롣
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380 

ڶ磬İں;Űؾˡ
û˵ϻظȥ˹︲
Ȼ֪˺Nͺ顣
ͳȥô죬ȴûϵôһ飬İЩʼϲ

鷿
ʧţ΢΢תͷԱߡ
SߵģΪڿԼ̧۶˺͵񣬲ŷֺڿźNλ
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ꡣһ̧ͷİ磬ǲ⡪ó裬ֻҪظˣ϶ҪԺġ
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İ籾밲οӼģôһ£һҭɤӿڡ


381 

ӣԱߣĬĬؿİһۣǡ㿴˵İɡ顣
İ翴˺һ˲ȥ
վԭأҲûӦֻĬĬתתŸİķ򣬵СԴһĬϵ顣
İǣŶӵԼӡ
СС˵ſڣ̧ͷС˻ˣҡβ;ӭǲ˿ĵѹתͷߵһȥ
İְںͼϣѧı飬ѧ˶ٸɵĴ±ĺòá
鷿Ѿʼѧˡ
˵ѧҵǱʱתעǶİ٩٩̸ʦõ˵һ顣
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һᵽϴ뵽N飬ֵ
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İְס͵ļ΢΢̾һƼȻֵƮȻ֪֡NǺͶԵ޲ɢ֮ϯСȵ֮Ȼᶮã֮Ե֣ڤڤ֮жжġ
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޲һҲáİ˶٣һЩ΢΢۵ǸݰȵӣҲˡͺͺNһҪúϽġ

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λ£NʮֲԸġ
һǰλҲûκʦͽ֮꣬ô˵ͺء
ڶλҲĮЩӳڣڵǳعأһ䡣
ǳ⣬NͼԺĴ㣬ò̫ĻӦ
޷Ǿǡ󰢸絽ʱԻס
ȥȥʱش
Nһڶңı顣
˶٣ֱӣɮ붨һֵȥȥֱ𣬺ۣ
Nʵ̲סˣСֳһϥǣüĿϡܿһյѷҲǳȥģ
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ʯɽš
ŅͷŲԶƾɵĹ£üͷ
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ʱ򣬱һСйţǰҲ˵ǴǰѾʶģֱӳűǽȥˡ
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ͷһ۱ҡҡֵء


382 382

Ǽūô˵ԥԥ֣ͣ۹ⶼźNȻڵСӵķʩ
NתͷʰΪβ
ɫֻ·󰢸ˣЩˮի漴Ҫ·
Nһң
ôƵĵطҪס䲻½ȥ

֮еĵطիֻ磬һҲի
N˽ȥĿֻƾơĺġ
ľ֮ڣй꣬ͨģɮһϢشƮݶɫࡣ
Nɴ۾˰Σ;طԼֱ롣
իźǴ壬ʱҲ̶ܹҪȵضʱܿʼ
NһᣬЩͷˣߴٵǿһЩɡҶˡ
ñֱ󰢸磬԰ꡣ
NһߣССŤŤȥΧһһקקӣ̲סԷʱҲ̫ˣαطҪڹ̶ʱիǸֻҪˣŷ浽
ץץףֵ˵ˣС١ôһطαضôأ
תͷһۣ󰢸ڱոˡ󰢸ӴԺ󣬵ϰˡĹأ쳾ˣ
N˺һСشӰŲ
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һ˵һ߾Ͳͣſˮ
һɮڽի
Nɴ۾ͼǰаܲźƬ
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⡭ɥ
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޾ɵؿŻͷɮˣNڵÿˣӣÿһ춼Ҫ
֪ʱһˡαȥ

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ǵĶ콥Զ룬ⰻȻ鷿֦۵ѿ
Ҳڻص鷿
һûȻ˲١˵̫ү꣬ʦȥС
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Ϊ֪Nϳ˾ǣǷģλϣϰԵСӣʩʩȻתͷشҵ⡣
һ߻شţһ߾Ϳ֮ʱΨһĬĬλϡ
ȥڿ飬ϸ۲һͷֲǡΪ鱾ѹҲûһҳ
תת˹ȥְںǰ鱾ϣ΢΢һЩƣЦŵͣǺһûˡ
ͷ·ʶһ㣬Ƥ̧
˵ڿʲô£
һüص̧֡
ĮˣĮȻִһ
Ǵǰĺʹйģ
˶һؾ̧֡
Ȼģؾͼź͵ʹĺֵˣûˣȤĺܰɣ
ļں棬仰һۣ΢Ц
ؿźָ΢΢߬߬ԽԽ
Ҫվˡ
ûС
ɿСȭͷۿǰ鱾ֱӵˡ
վǶΣ˵ʲôͶûʲôӦɫƽ
ھȤˡ
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SԱߣĿһЩȴʲôҲû˵
ȵصλSų˳͵ӣС͵ܵܣ㡭û°ɣ
ҧޱ顣

ϻصıոڵŵʱҪС⽱ȥԺ棬Ǻ⣬Ͱ¶ͷβӣ
ӣҲһʱ¿ӾͶԺҡҡͷСˣô
һûҵʵݴݣ˵һ룬ˡ
䵭ԣĬã̧ͷͶӣ̫Ӹеˣ
ӣɫһ࣬Ҫ˵ȴԺؿ
ƽʱһ޵˺ѣֺĿ
ĶʱˣּūǻŻŵ˵
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383 ˹

ԺӣոձȥͿһƨڵϣֱޡСԱߴ˺üǿվĹëˡ
˲ԼϽǰס֣ƴҡβͣһΣֺõ顣
ӣȥͿ޵̧ͣضʹʹ
ĸֶˣԱ߿ͷū
ӣ˲˵ȥŮߣȥ½ǣϸ쿴ſѾ΢΢ˡ
ҽŲǶҲһֵŤš
۵һֱһ˫СֱӣĲӣ޵
ӣŮڻʹӣʱ۵Ҳˡ
Ůĺģסذο˺һĿŽСһЩ
ĸԱ߾ͰѸղŵһ顪ԭԺ棬ıڻ׷СתȦ˭֪С⽺ȻܣٿȻʹܽȽ֮䡣
һûɲסȽˡ
ӣСȥдȻ־Ͱˡһֱ
ԽԽأʵƽʱŵʱ򻹺Щӣʱһûãһ·ļٵܽūںȻûһ׷
һҽظϹˣҩ䣬ϸ˴쿴һ飬˵һˤ˵ͷˣúúһӲУܵģ˵׼ͻ²
˵ʱĽѾˣȸղ׵ĸ·һͷƵġƤ΢΢͸Ź
ӣôҲû뵽ôˤһӣҲûӸߴ£Ȼܰѹͷˡ
ҽ桪͸ͣ˵˲Źͷʱ͸߶δйϵ
ˤһ˲䣬صƲҪ
Ǹ˲ѹͷ˵ġ
ҽһ˵һ߾Ϳʼҩ
ҩõˮҩ࣬ʱҪעƽȣҩߵͲƽͻӰ첡˹ǵĻָ
мžΧһȦ˶ҳŴҩ
֮󣬴ľʵıƬҩ֮󣬰˴áÿƬ֮䣬һС죬ϸϡС滹˾
̫֮Ƿ˴˸ؽչĶ
ʹÿ۰

ʱΪӣİϢʱ֣İź͡Sˡ
һţǰ鷿˲ȥֱӾͳźӣԺӱˡ
S˵ˣҲʾҪ
ӣԺ
СϣȻѹţ˺˿ӡǴģ˵Ҫ̧ȣȬ
Ѿˣͷϣֱ߷һ޶Сܱɡ
һһ͡
һˣСһ⣬ʱ氢߽ӰͿ˳꣡
İһ۾ͿŮϰĺʵʵģˡ
۵Ҫڴβ̧֣뿴Ů˿ڣֲóȻš
һӣ֪ҽѾˣǱʢӣȥ̫ҽ
ǵ̫ҽٿһ鱦Ůŷġ
ӣŮСԴڴİ翴ģȻԸҲۣǵ׸᲻ӣ
ְסֱοѹСǱˡ˭Һһ·󣬻ûĿ̫ҽˣϸһƣȻ²
ӣԱߵͷ
߹־ͷڶͷС㣬ġ
һ˵ţһۼ⣬Ѿͷ¶ıɴɹӡ
ֱϥǹϴأһ־ͰѱɹӸ˳ӣЦûǹųأɼӦ۵òˡ
ʵ붺￪ĵģЦЩ䣬ͶﶼûЦ
ȵס͵磬컹ѽ
İԱߣĴգź͵
͹ԹԵؾʹӴֻ̯СϥϣԹԵš
İְôˤŵԭһ飬ȵǱСģԽԽֳϥϣó˸׵ϣźֱҡͷ⹷ǲ
ǵõ꣬СʱҲˡСѧ·Ӳѧ˸ȳӡ
ͺһСҪߣ˶ͬʱˡ
־űӣص꣬ϲС⽣ҪС⽣Ҫ
˵üԼˣҪƿӴӴ
ӣŵøϽһְסŮļ
С⽷·֪Լ˴µڣһֱӵضһǡ


384 384ͼ

׻˵˽һ죬ӣľչ£ۿһһתҲͽʱˡ
˵кתǵСȫ൱һʱ䡣
Ϊ飬С⽻ǱİֻܰѹڹǺҪС棬ֻڹǰ濴
ڹ鷿ѧҵҲԽԽء
Nߺһʱ䣬Ӱѧҵ
ǽأҲǴʧȥн˳Ѹٵص˹
ʼȫעΡ

·ݵʱ򣬳һ£Ұͼ۹£ᵳСн˸
棬Գ޹ͼ˻֮⣬Թȣ۹£֮࣬޽Է֪
һʱ䣬ʮÿһԷ
̰ǮĿզࡣ
һͼ˴ѻ
ͻȻһʱ䷴Ӧ벻Ȼͼµ֡
ϾôΣТʺһϵء
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̫ӣųΪ˴ʱעĽ㡣
ͼˣͬҲ⵽ɸѾıүȨ
Ʃ硢İ硢˰硣
尢ϺˣˣҲӲ˼
ɶС
ۿŵܵһȻ죬ˮߣӼ͸ɣĶԼ󡪡̫Ӹеǰδеѹ
һֶĴȨĽһ
һζͼĴҲǶһؾ档
̫սȥѾԻڶ֮У£Ƿ϶ա
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±߱浽УòУ̫ʧòС
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Ǹܵ˸׶Լʧ̫Ӻеƹˤ˼˵˼󲻾Ļ
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Լ˸ϡ̫ˡ
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ͨİһЩ飬ʵӣܿġ
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ʱʵȽѾˣʱ䣬Ϊãڷѧ֮󣬻Ժȥˣ
ʱ˵ҪԺſͻ㣬ҲһƢȥ
Ҫϰ鱾ʵڳ鲻ʱͻðȥ
ֵǣÿκԼȥͻʱȾߣܡ
Ĳˣʱߵ
ÿΣ˰ʱȾ˲䡰ûȫ͸ˡ
Ϊչ񣬰Ҳͺ
ʵ֮ǰҲǲֻʱޡ
СԺֻһ񣬵ȵɫˣԼҪȥǰԺġ
һ磬ͷѧ֮һʱ䣬ߣˡ
˵ǡ㡱ʵҲ֡Դ֪ϲ㣬ӣͺİ˵ˣԺǰֱ˸СѺ԰ˮЩС㡣
СιĹԲεøǳٻ͡
˵ˣȥץ㣬Ҳû⡣


385 

Сڳߣգʱʱľתͷһ۰
վ󣬱ֳĬһССĿࡣ
ĸ׼һֻĵ죬ֻҪʱ򣬾ͻֻ˵¡ܵϮ
΢΢Сӣֻó̧ͷŰЦеؾ͵磬һֱվ𣿡
һǵӣû˵ϵͺȻͳһ¡
СϹˡ
һ˦ͣСΧūźţСԱ׼ˮͰС
ͷСˮͰ̧ͷưȻһӣһ˫۵С֣͵ˮͰСץ˳
Сֱգɽһˮ
̧ƯСŰʹص㣡
ʶĽ˹ֶ˫ۡ
ǶȣñȫϦУü۶һΡ
һȻЦһ촽վ
߸˵ض԰һȥɡ
СŻˮͰҲǣҲǡ
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ʵǸĬеĺӣ⻰ǻ΢΢̡
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˵˼Ρū֮ܲ󣬼պҲͲٶˡ

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գˮ۾Űʲôѽ
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΢΢˵ͷ¿ȥͿõСŲԼѥϡ
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ˡ
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ūȥŷһֻɹӡ
ʱûţôɹҲһֻǸˮĹߣȥ֮Һʵġһ˵һ߾ͰѴɹö˰

֮󣬺ͺͺSϾͲԼԺˡ
ǰԺ鷿͸һ
İǵԺ䣬ֵһСԺӡ
SʱѾ׷Լͺ͵ĲࡪƩͬһƪ£Ÿոտжεʱ򣬺ѾˣҪ춼Ѿա
ٱ鷿ʱ
˵һλֻĺ塣
ǺȴܹͬʱڣĻ֮
SǲŬʶֲ֮ԽԽˡ
޹ŬĲ࣬˾ġ
ոкǹԽԽ࣬รԴSѧϰ̬ҲԽԽϸˡ
ǰǺSĲãรѵһ١
ڣҲ֪˭รÿնҪϸϸһ鹦ݡ
ֻҪһģรŰѹӶһ顣
ЩӣǴ򲻵õģǷվȴǸҵġ
źSСƮҲ˲١
һʱ䣬Sȫί˼ޡ
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ѸٵɨСӡ
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̫ࡣ
˶S롣


386

SȻôŶСӵĹϵȴ˿¶
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ѲһһΪ˶룬˼䣬Ҫӵɳˣ
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ۿİɫһһรҲ֪ԼǴǰ˵Ľɡ
ûǰһ̼
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ϻûнǰҲһҸСŮӡ
ĵ飬޷гһմϣİ粻ٳ谮ˡ
ڣٸеһ˿̿֡
İ绺ֶ˼䣬Ϳรľǰ
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İôţҲɺٶ˵ʲô
վ˼รתȥ
ร̧ͷޱĿİߣֱһֻѾ̨ףү


387 Ŧ

İԺӣϷŵӡ
Ų΢΢˶٣žҡҡͷĵԼϵģǺοգ
Ϊ˺S治һˡ
ɫվһΣİһ̧ţӣԺȥˡ
รվ̨ϣĿİԶˡ
Ժȥˡ

ӣý巿ոѡ
ҲСѡ
һڵñǼѡ
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ĸŮ˹ǻѾͻʮЩˡ
һѸ߸ߵ·Сɽϣһ˫С֣°ͣӣ͵úÿѽϲ㴩һ
ӣŮô˵ͦĵģͷԼϵĻɫ˳ǰȹھ͵׻ɫҲһֻ߻ûãҪȵղ͹ʱһϡ
ţһؾ͵˵ͷ
һ˵һ߾ŲŲСȣȴԼʵһ·Сɽϵģûʲôʵ֧š
ֻС첲˻Ρ
ۿŮССһᣬӣŵøϽǰͰˡ
ոձһƬūǵ밲İˡ
ӣӭӳȥͿİôӹһصūм߽
ݷȥģһתͷӣĸŮһģһվñſڡ
һһС˶Цӯӯ
İһӾˣรһЩ죬ʱҲɢˡ
ҹ㡣һ˵һǰ־££ӣޱ߶һ鷢
վ棬ʱֻС첲һſǰȥͱס˸׵Ĵȡ
һཱུСİȵص겻ƶҲѽ
ӣİ綼Ц
İ΢΢һ־ͰŮ
Ȼһڲôȥ
үù𣿡ӣһ̨ףһİ硣
İ翴ѣߴƺЩˣ·ʱ°ڱЩ
żʱİһ߱һ߻ڳһֻӣĸ첲Щ
ˣİ˵ǰԺ鷿򵥵һЩǲθڣҲûôúóԡ
ӣüͷ΢΢һİˡİ޵İʾҹ
һЦˡôüˣ
ţɣ졣ŴҴҸϹʿӣԸ
ʿͷӦС
ԱС־صţ顪ﰢϲԣҲϲԡóԣ
ʿٵųȥżԱҪתߡӣְסˡ
Ů佱Լĳգӣͦĵضİҹȥɣܿ죬̫¡
İˣһ߷²룬һ԰ԼȥһͶ˵ء
СΪҪˣŵʱ˱˱
ʹȬˣȥҲ˷ŵġ
еԽԽڱ˱˱ˡ
һҲһͰ˵ŻһĲɵţһ߾ڸ׵ȥİϵȫӡ
İ۰СްģԸղҲŮſԼǰ
ͷ޷Ʈİϡ
˿˿ġ
˵ҪͶ˵ʶȤľʹӸˡ
վԭأСֳ˳ޡĸҲִߡ
˶٣תͷŸף̲סʧ͹µ꣬磬ûи棬ҲûСˡ
ЪϢǰԺ鷿ˡ
İһ⻰һ飬׹׵ŮڸԼ顣
ֻԸ׽ͣһĲ˾
ֻΪ̫µˡ
ͳѩɰ˵ʱһ˫ĵգգһСίίԵøĸ
˵棬΢΢ԴСֱ󣬻ĸֻ¶İ磬СŽڵϻһȦССʵǲǷŰˣ
İһŴȸĿ첻ˡ
ӣȥס֣Цеؾģǵϴһţʱʲô𣿡
˲ͱתעĵ˵ͷԺĻش𣺡һȣ
ӣЦ֣ߣֻô֣С֣òã
񲻼˼ľ͵ͷã
ȻССһᣬһֻСֹȥסİ֣һ𣡡
ӣҪſİ磬ȴİһźӡ
ȻȻˡ
ӣİ磬ֵקŸĸ̧ŷȥˡ


388 Ӫ

ţĿڸʵ̢Ҳܼ򵥣СϲԵƷ
ڲõˣֻҪƺǵķҪÿڸй𡪡㻹൱ʵġ
Сŷūǰ֡
վڴľԱߣԴľʹ˺һȻһֻקһɫСΧȹ
ֻ̧֣öһ£û˵ö͹ϵˡ
ϵ֮ϻ䴹׹Ļ䣬õɫɴɣȥҲҡҷš
ƺΧȹС֣쵽˰죬ֱѻ䶼ˣſʼϴ֣֣µ׼㡣
̶ʽС
İ籾վſڵģŮһ΢΢ҡͷֱЦ
˸׵Ц⣬վԭأ΢΢СգŰķͲؿһۡ
ӣǱߣѾذѼãǺţ̡׵ۣ֥ʿƬ
һ׵֮ӣԱߵĸߵһţͺгɾ͸еһ˫ӣʼˡ
ʵӣţǸ桪Ͼǿ䣬ȻпռʳģƣеĲֻʡˡ
ڣԿڸеӰҲ
ĵصһֱʳĽˣūҲѾˡ
ӣӹһ߼һ߷裬ֱʳıŨ״ζ磬˱ǡ
֮󣬾ǰ͸Ŀţ鵹ԱǶŹ˰Բ֮УȻϸӣͰ֮бһյ蹦
ͰūѾ׼õġร㣬ͰõƵ൱֮ߣƽʱŷҲ֪ġ
ǻΪͰԱʱ֮衣

ΪҲҪԣӣпʱصذѿţг˺СΡ
һһ
ֱСˡ
עĻէȻһȥΪһ̼嶹ء
ܰĵƻ֮£õĿţƤһ㽹ɫִŨۻڼŨŨζҧһھͺѷˡ
İ糢һڣ۾ˡ
΢壬ӣǵˮ׼ֱԽԽ׼ˣöĿζ
ϲģϲţ飬ʵҲϲţ顣
Աߣһ˫аĴ۾ؿ
̫̰ܲ԰ɡ
İĿ飬һƵģѿӷˡ
ӣˣһ߸Ů˲죬һ֣İǰĵַ˼ȥ
Ե춼ǿţƤڳľϣֻСջεţֵתͷŶͰꡣ

һӾͷһȥˡ
ҪĽգȻûʱ䣬Ҳ١ڹӪˤӻһʱֵúܡ
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ڶǴ£ı֣ˤӵ˶ôˤӷţëӡ
ӣҲİ˵˲Ȥ£˵⼸꣬ʱʹǡ
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⣬Ҳӵɹˤֱ
˾ڹӵϰˤӣԱɰս

ڣڰǽǬ幬ʡ
İ絽ʱ̫үѾˡ
Ȼ˭Ҳ˵˶͵͵̫ӡ
ʱ䣬̫էȻ˲١
˵ǰ٩Լǡϡ̫ӵĻôڵʵˣõ٩ˡ
Ҳǵģ̫ӵʱ򣬿κϲŭ
ֱǰȥʰ밲ϲһ˿Ц⡣
ǰ绪ïһȺǣٿԱ㲲ϵ̫ӣԱ֮£ɷԽɷ㲵Խ㲡
֪Ϊʲôܡ
˸Ǵֱʱ򣬻һ£ô
ֱǻץסᣬһʰ귢ʣվϲ˵һ顣
󻹲й͵ļն㵽ˡ
Ͱİ硣
ֱϳɣ°ȷʵƯЦŵ˵ͷָǰһλʾ
жʱͰ
ֱԥһ£һʹ󷽷ȥˡ
̫Աߣֻǵü·κζ޹ء
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ȻֻҪǲɵġȫ΢Цţһ顣
ŹվԱߣ͵͵̧ɨһ꣬ͼȻЦŵģȥҲ졣
۽һ˿ЦҲޡ


389 

ۿŻʰɫԽԽᣬûвɫеֻ꣬Լȷʵʰмӣá
ǹڣ֮УЦ̡
һʱ䣬ֵǶо˾Υķɡ
˰ȴеġԱ̫߳үһۣѾ˻ʰ̫ӵ
˵˵ؾʹӹĵ˽¡
Ȼ󣬿ɲɵģʵ߰ļ¡
߰طvһͷ¡ȥ긮һܳĸΪ˸ֶӣѧ·ͣϵūǲŷ֣⺢Ӻ͸һҲǸȳӡ
ԱߵİȻֱ˵ü۽ǽ飬ţȳȻܴ̥Ŵ
߰һ߾ĵͷ
ĸǳϣǳ΢⹫׿ֻһ˾СȰ˰ĸϺòȥ
ǰ˰ôԼǰˡ
߻ȳһȣʲôָҲûˣƫƫҲǸȳӡ
ۿ߰ɫѿ˰ͶԻʰ߸Ǹӣ۰ӣֻūձС磬ֻŷ̲֣˺ѧ·Щ
˶ٵǰҲûӣǺӴˣȻˡ
⻰ʵǰοˣ𲻵ʲôʵԵãǱ߰Աߣ⻰ʱ˺ôһ
̧͸мһ۰˰硣
Ҳ̬ͷϰ˵Ҳȫ޵ߣ㻹ǲҪ̫ˣ޻ͷǲ̫ҽԺȥ
߰æԿ񣺡лʰĶ䣡
Աߵ絭˰˰һۣǰȥַ߰ˡ
΢΢ƲƲǣ͵ϰ⡰δҲ̫Щ
⻹ǰڼأڻʰǰԼֵܣô
尢λÿ󣬴ͷβͷҲûô˵
İ翴üۣÿμ̫ӣӴ
İ֪ôΪ˺N尢̫Ľˡ
ٺˣվҲǸס
۹ڴһɨû尢磬֣Σ
尢˵Σ
ڸĨᣬһӣţֻϣӺNһЩ
ôȥ尢Ҳħˡ

Ѷǵ˸飬һʱ˶ʮӵ֣ʼֵܷ˺ͷֲ˭˭ˡ
ֻܴ¼ǵÿӻ߳ӵ֡
ǵǡֻҪǱ̫ûӼ߰ߣ˳꣬һļ̳ˡ
鷿رɫӡӡ̡ס֡
ļҵĺ͡
ЩӵдԵһ飬Ȼ͵طӦˡ͵ĸֻǸร
Ǻġ
˰İûеӡ
üͷ
ûеӡºͱĻһ
õǵǺð졪Ůѡʱк˼ҳģָȥʰร
һУָ
׼ˡ
ǵӡóڵոĶ
Ͳôˡ

ڣǰ꣬Ҳûš
ӣһ͸Ÿȥˡ
ͬеĻรͶ񡢴
˷𣬹򣬻Ը˵Ӧꡣ
⣬Ǵӣ˶ӣСӣһҲŮ뿪Լߡ
һİ˸ӣŮźԼ˸ۣ޷û
ֱӾˡ
۲ˡؾ
ԱߣҲѧӣӣһһţ۲ˣ
ӣѧģһЦˡ
Ϸ˸תͷֳԴŮЦŵʲô
һСؾָҽ˺ܶ㡢ÿҪһкö಻ͬζ̲裬ֳֺȣҺࡣ
˵󣬻ϳβǿԼࡣ
ӣס񣬽ŮСϣЦ
һΣİǰԺˣź͹
ʱ䲻࣬ϧѵõģܺ͸۵ʱ䡣
ܹź͵֣˵ȥ칬ʹ͸Լߡ
͸ȥˣӣź˵ǵĻ溢ǵϷҲûȥ
İţֵڵƻ˵
˭֪˺һȻͿ޿سˡԭкӣأһСľͰѵʹ͸߸Ūˡ
رŮġ治ɴǻҲֺ͡
ÿޣЩ޴վԭأ˼䣬ǿֹס˿Сӻһһġ


390 

ͶúãŮӵĿȴȫ֪κ塣
ŮӻԼá
ֻһ˵ȥ͹һԭ¸ɡ
űӣСĨϵ飬ǿرȻһС֣磬ԭˣҪ㻹оŴλᣡ
ӣԱţЩɶͷԡ
һӸ˲ʪСһתͷʺͣʲôŴλ᣿
תЦãɫȴЩж
죬СҽѧҲѧˡ
˵оŴλᡣ
ܸĻˡ
ۼ΢΢ǰȥסõС֣һߴԺȥһߺȻһ
˼ؾ͵ͷˣ㰲㡣
ʵҲֻôһ˵ȫƾһֱֻչЦա
գһ˫Ĵ۾źͣȻͲˡ

һһ͸ķѾ˶ĺ⡣
ۿſʮҪôȥˡ
ѾʼŨŨζﵽʮ¶ʮ֮󣬿򾩳ڵʹ֡͡
յҪͷԢǡ
Ҳյˡ
ıոԺָūǾͽһһȥ
С̫ǲľϣͷΡΡţж̫ЩģͷϵñҲ๾ˡ
վԱߣ˫ֽؽǰŵŮ˵ļơ
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ĸǰʵЩûֵסˣ˽ȥ˰˸
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ϸһ룬Ȼ޻˵
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ͬĸ׵ˣӣٿȥܹᵽθʹࡣ
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ȵڸߣͷβûпһԼĸס

֣ٽɢ˲ʤȥ
ֵθߵʱӣͿոճż¾һģЩˤڵأҿԱߵūǸסˡ
¶ʵ̫ͻȻڶգӣСӴ˵ǣԭİǰ˺þã˵Լһ֪ζѵͶԵֻܴϸһ£մ񳤳ˣǼˣϾڸҲܼ޵øЩ
ʼİ绹ûӦУǸƺóͬǰһľġʼհİ硣
θȻǵԸġ
˭Ҳû뵽ȴǴȥ˰ֻ꣬˵նʮ۰ԼԼΪնϥ޶ŮֻôһԸ
ԼѾ˭ҲĲ˵ʵ˵Ǹ뺣ҲǶ˸ѡ
İ粢ûӦС
ǴⷬθС
һʱ֮䣬θңȥİ磬˵ΪŮǰ룬Ը⽫óǵ¡
ǣ²ų˳Ϧģ


391 ˿ĺѩ

С˵ˣȥȥԺˣӣȴ˺һ
뵽θԭѹԸŮóȥġ
ȴȥİ硣
ȫԸ⵽ȫԸ⡪Ǽ˵档
תУ֪θʹж
ô£ͽһЩˡ
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ſСָ첲Ͷһ㣬һͷӣȻ̧ͷЩĵնﲻҲҪҪȥɣ
ʵʹˡ
ǸһЦˣЦֹס֡˵նҲҪģҲĸﶼۡ
⻰˵ġ˲ֻ̧ץץСԴʲô˵ˡ
ӣŮôʣʱˡ
վŮǰ˫ۣ֣µضģǲֿġ
۵С֣ٵǰ͵

ţӣŮȥ˯
ÿ綼СϰˣʱȻŬŶƤҲڽˡ
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ӣЩЦãȻ־һ˿ᡣ
ͷĶͷŵﲻǱ֤𣿶Ӧ飬ûʳԹԲԣ
գź۾һСץűӱߣ촽ص˵ͷ

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İŮСԴ͵ᣬôͶֿ
Ǵͺ׶ֿ˰
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ȥתתİǰȥסС֡
һӾܵˡ
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ѵõ˸ţİ͸̾˵ڹĺܣСˡ
õˬˡ
ϴ֮ӣױ̨ǰͷİվķ˿뵽˵Ļ΢΢ҡͷЦһ˿٩ĵ׻Ǹġ
ӣһӾͲеʧ䡣
ϽӣҪİѾסļ
һ˵ţһУӣ
ӣţһȴİи׷ץˡ
ӣһʶؾһͷȥİϿ
ȴİͷЦ
Ȼ̲סˣЦ
ԭǹⶺġ
ӣһۣӣžƣͼİЦ
ЦʱʾͲˣͬɽڻüӯӯᡣ
İӣļޱףų㿴ϣһӹ̫Сʹ
ӣЦЦܹԵءŶһ־ȥӡ
⵱İ綯ܿģͽϲŵһ˿
Ǹͷ£
ƻ£Ƶ΢΢һ˿ɫ
һһɫķ˿


392 ֻһ

ҹ´֮ӣİ绳һûһµźġ
һƬķΧʵ˳
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ӣſİؿڣġϰĻƣĬŲ˵ˡ
£İ˶٣ڱ־ʵӣʲô
ӣַԼڱ΢ת˸С롭
İ΢΢۵ʲô
ӣ˵һ룬ȻĻȥˣҡҡͷǲ˵ˡ
İ磺
θھͺˡֱһ֣ӣϵ⡣
ӣһӾʹӱﵯˣøһֻϺһЦִģү
İ֪סֲŵ˵ɡ
ӣ죬üЦֱҡͷ
İΣ
ֱֱ۰壬ȥӣƤ
ӣЦֱסĲӣ˼£С롪֪ʲôء
İԲţҡͷ͵ܣ
һ֣ƻҪȥӣӣŵһͶ״
Ͻʵʵ˵ʵˡ
ԭ룺Ϊʲôһֱôϲ
ˣİ۾һУЦԷǣһǡӣȻҲô˼ôЩҲû㳤顣
ӣͷų˯Ϲ룡
ӣĻԹԵز˵ˡ
ͼú˯
⽥Ϯʱİȴ˯ˡ
ļжǹУǲǴ¶Ҳˣ£ôܺһ
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İ翴עתƣһ˲ᣬ°һڣŵղΪʲôޣ
ӣȻֽסİ
һᣬһ¶ȴЩᣬռ

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Ժ޼֦͸š
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ǸŮģŻ΢ŮĹһС
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ԼŮ΢΢̲סţһһȸ߻ֹׯĵո

СóŸЪ£ҪŻޢеˮźնϴ
˵˵ڱȰˡ
ߵԺ֮УͿϵĴŮſ̽ͷ̽ԡ
ظԺС̫УŻŵʲô
üͷһ壬һԣװûҡ
ǶѾƼˡ
ѹɤӾ͵ūţūš
䡰ūšЩ
׶ҵ˼׶Ůǿ㳤Ȼϵһ


393 ûĵĶ

ʲô£Ͻ˵ɡüͷȥֵֿضԶҵ
ҿŴӣֻ
ٱ¶Ψŭ˴񣬱ϾڵļԽԽˡ
ԳϦ֮ӱ㲻ãٺʹ˵仰أҳ˰Σǽ仰˵˳
űüͷһ壺ҲһˣʲôôȻĻҶ븮ҽɡ

һ£ŷӦԭСӿгƺġѾָǸˡ
΢΢ָ߬ؾͰ񣬲ôϾĸףӲãֻͳȫ˰ɣ
Ժ˶ǸߵŮ˳
Żŵһ֣קŶҵԱߵǽ۾ͼٵصȥΪҺãԺͲҪв壡￴Ҳ᲻ʹ죡
Ȼ֮ǰѾڵ׼ϲȻˡ
⻹ССء
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㶵ץվԭءӵʱһֱ͸ȥ
ۿŴתҪԺȥˣҲ֪ĶһɷŭȻ͵سס˴ӣһ棡
߰ҲˣһͷͿ¹֮£Գһ˿µļ
ЩˣϽһֳԼӣһ߲鲻Ըֹ㷢ʲô裿Ǽһô֪ˣһԺȥ
С˵ˣŷ
Ȼɿ֣ϽĨ͵ؾˣͷһء

ڶ磬ûʳԣȻصԺ
Ϊ˱˶ӣūҲûжֻһŮһֱźġ
Ժӣ·̧̨ףֱݡ
˵Ҳ֣ǰʱôʹûʶء
ԭôĵխĴôĻ谵ӵĳô⣻ļҾôϾɣͷβһ˥Ϣ
Ժס˼գڸ׼ģ辫ݻСס˼֮
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СŮˣǼ񶼴æˡ
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⻰֮ǣʲôС£ǧ
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룺˸ʲôأ
ǸûĵĶ
ں濴һϽǰȥְıӸӹˡ
Ҳĸ׵ڲˣģ۹תһߡ
ûʲôҪ飬ֻôл䣬Ǳ㲻ˡһ˵ţһ߾ַӽ
˵ʱ޷䱦ʯĹâҫǻԡҲǸĺö
ϸ˵ġ
ʶĸŮ˼Ϳ޳ˣ죬ڶŴıӰﻰ˳ôұϾ׶
վס˽ţԭվһ˲⻰Թ
ԹĨɱĸ׵ۡ
תθ͵Һ㲻ͬԸҲԸû¸ǰ̣ҪԼȥǰô
θƴҡͷǡﲻǡ
һʱֻԼ˶ʮ꣬ȴδô׾
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394 ɱʾ

˵䣬ﲻûνġ¡ֻԴ֮㱻￴ͬһأֻҪܻȫԵǰ̣ﶼǶﲻǶһûµˣô
΢΢üͷɫ֮Գһ˼
Աߣ̲ס
̧˲۽ǣǰȥַסϵĸ첲⣬ſǻūˣūŻȥɣ
վԺУ΢΢°ͣԺһĮȻҴС㱻ðٰġСβƯ󣻴󵽴˽ﲻ硣Сʱ򣬶ϲŶãҡ
˶٣ֱͦСС壬дһľֻˡֱܹȽϣ֤ÿһ˿Ƕˡ
˵ü΢΢ʹǶʵĸ׺ƣüĿжһɵ
ƽǲģֻеü۵鶼Ż
عͷЦһ²ŵֻԼ·ĶݡҲг谮ôҪΪԼһɣ
˶٣ﲻصҪʲôֻģǣȥǣǵù
ͣһ˲һСƵ߲ܽŻἵʣǿֻ˼
ѾЩ֧ŲסˣпŮϣð˵ĿעǰŮ
ӵĳɳϢġ
״ʲôʱʼѾô˼أ

ȥθԲڴˡ
һ֮ǰĶһҲʲôŵ֢״˾ûθڡ
ۿɼٶȣһһȥ
ۼߵȧǶߵˣҲЩˡϾǱҪߵģ뺻ո¶
ǴĸôˣȥĸҲÿ
İҴʾ֮󣬱Ͻ˴̫ҽ
̫ҽ֮Ҳ˵ᣬ˼ҩ֮
ͺѰˡ
ԴһλԺֹ֮ãҲûлȥˡ
Ǹڰ̫ҽ˵Ķ飬Ҳûκιʡ
ţͰľˡ
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ʷϣ֮ʱ뻸һ谮Ӻ˽
һ˫֣վտζ
һΣ뻸̲֮ס̾뿪Цضп˵ԼѾʳϧûгԹ⣬֪ζΡ
֮󣬻ؼұĥˡ
Ȼ˺֣ԼĶӸʳ
뻸֮ǿζȻ֪֮һ߾öģһȴΪİжǷ˱Լôôġ
ةȴܲϿɡ˵һԼӶµ˺ɱˣȻп˽ΪĿģֶΡ
νɱʾ飬ɡ
뻸ù˵еǽ
ǹ֮뻸빬ڡ
һ֮뻸أ֣ŶǽΧ뻸Ľˡ
뵽̲סһ
εȥԼ롪Ƿ֣Լĳ̶ֳϣڴ飬Щִˡ
Ǳ˷ķƵ㡣
ǣǸˣһ
ʱҲʹİþãġ
ο¶ǹﾭ֣϶ϲǶϷŮҲȥˡ
ҹ˾֮ʱڴϣסذοԼûϵèҲиˡ
οСʹûпһֱǷעŵġ
ͲţԼóһĸĳȥذһֱˡ
ôЩܲ׶

һ˳Խˡ
ʹֻһήȥ
˵ⲡûвҲȾˣǴĲ
ĲҽǲԸãǴǰҩӸҲû쿵
ΪϴǰŴӣԺҲǺʹʱյģǺϤġ
һ˵ȥˡ
˼Ѿʧȥ˴ԺҲܵúܡ
İ绹Ϊ¶ӣп˺һӡ˵⺢ӣǲ
Сȴܴϸ΢ġ
Ȼİ⣬ӣźǾȥθˡ
θΪ״ҪõöࡪһѣԺȻڽ
ֻ˵ʱӣŷ֣Ǻģɫ͸ġ
һ˵촽ڲ
ǰȥץץСԴʹСóһ޻˵
ӣ־ţҪϴϡ
ӰȻǹͷϵġ
֡
Լ޷ϲ졪صŽڸ廨ϺȻһ¾ˡ
뵽˴СʱҲŪͷϵ黨


395 ·Ѳã

ϿˣΪԼǿˡ
˵˼θޡ
ûã޴ؾͻͷӣϣܰԼ˵仰
ӣҲ֪ڿʲôǿǰ뵽ԼŮˡ
รһ㴥˻ܿ˵
ֱҡͷӣߣһĸŮТĻ
͵лรǹ
ӣְѹ֪ʱ۱˵ʲôҲȥˡ
ϽݣѾվסˣݵҡҡ׹
ŮǸϽҩźַϰа
⸱ӾͲټˣӣԼҲϢãְο˼Ļźˡ
ߵʱͷϺüۡ

ӣźں԰ŮС֣Ȼ˻̧֣ͷ˼Լ뿪׶𣿡
ӣ˵⻹治һǶŮȴôֱӡ
룬ͷŮཱུСأ
۾Ҫ˵Աߵĺ֮ԱǵǻģҲͲȥԺˡ
ӣŲƽ֮⡣
Ȼ̧ͷӣСʱô˻ͦõģû뵽ĵӡ
ӣ룬ӵԴ˼ŵǲ֪ʲôҲ֪ʲôΣѡ񡣡
˶٣̧Զ̾˿ҡҡͷ

ʢĵʱθӳ׿ȥ
ʱϦҲȥСˣһʱĳ嵭Σ¶̫ˡ
ıո£ӵūţﶼ
巿ʾʸҪҪθǰ׼ˡ
Ȼ飬ȴҲҼĶ˵顪֮УˣϽǵĺǽ֮£˭˵Ĵֶ϶ûżԩꣿ
ǿİʱ⣬֮ǰۿǲˡ
İŵǵԼľˣȥ˺üˣθӣİҲЩꡪŴ¶Щ֮ˡ
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İϴǰ˫ֳϥϾ̾һ
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ֻҡҡͷ΢΢˫ۣһ۽ǻ䡣
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϶˶٣뺼ȻѾĹûŮġ

Ժ
λϣŲյǰĴ
һЩŮˡ
񣬵˸Ժ֮󣬳ԴöȶǶõģִģ˵̬ȾֹȫŸѧ
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ҡҡͷŮ֮ǰҲѾ̽ˡ
˶٣Ϊֺøæ̧Ÿ͵ŮǶŮŶ£ԵһŲҪ
Ҳ˵ʲôЦЦͷŲյ΢΢Ĳˮ
ôһ˲䣬ĪΪθһ˿ۡ

ڣԲԲϲأδܸ硣
֮֮ʱŮҿ˵Ǹ֮ӱ㼫鷳ƣūǲš
һ˻˯˰졣
ūǾòԾȥʱ򣬲ŷѾ˯ˡ
ֶˡ
ϯλϣ۾ֻСץӣؾԽץԽ
ţΣӾͲᡪΪĵĥʵеġ
İԱߣϢҲġ
ʽɥǼ֮ˡ
˵ǰֻǸ񣬵ǵΪʰһŮйɥ°Ļġ
۾ԶԶؿŶԺӣŽаɫūǡ
һžʶǴСūš
ȻЩˡ۶СΨһޱȫȫⰮˣĳ뿪ˡ
ǰģ̧ŶԺɫ
һֱãԼΪԼ̾͵ģһ
ֻ˺ģһ·Ŀбӵǰߡ
ⲻ֪Ȼףŷ·Ѿã
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Ҳᡣ


396 

׹һ֮ҹ֮ʱҧűһǣſ޳
ԼȦһֻϺ׵ģԽԽС·صĸ̥ģ
ȻԴޡ
ףԼĵһ䣬Զضڿˡ
޿ֲ
ܶʼҲȻףէȻ

ߺƽΪ˺ƣԵǲ˶һӡ
ͬأҲмþ޳ĸΪ£ľ˼
һܲһӣⱴոܲһɣ
Ҳ˼̲סЩģѵʱ򣬻֮⡣
Ҳɵӣͨ졣

İΪ¶żŮʱ򣬲ϸˡ
˴⣬񡢶֡
ʵСźūѾһˡ⻹ǰˮ˶޳֮ġ
֣Ժ͸ˡ
Щ㷲ǰһϣСϣСϴİװ׾
ӣලʱ˯ؾͳŶӣӣߡ
е㺦¡ϣɤۡ
ӣ۰Դ𣿡
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ǵ˵ͷ
ӣŮ§§ĵظ˵˵Щֻǵģûʲôµġ
˵ˣ˵ףӡ
СҲӡ
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ӣͷŮĶͷ˳־Ͱޱߵ鷢õһԡ
ҡҡͷͶӣ˵˵ǺԼѧѧᣬϾô
ͷҲܶ϶ˡ̧ͷص
ӣһ£û뵽ŮԼԼ˸ơ
㻹ûѧأô֪Լѧ᣿ο
ӣ˶٣һ§ܺؾ͵ʵѧѧᣬҲûʲô
һӾʹСվˣֻ۾ɵĴģŶģ
ΪӵĽǶȣĸ˵Ļɣ
ظһؾͳһ
Ȼ˵ˡԭ⼸춼˶˵ˣ˵ǽˣʲôִ綼Ҫü׼һþҪĥڶ顢顣
ʮ顢ʮ顣
ҵСǶܺ¹ЩΪ˿̰壬Ц֣
ӣĵཱུ꣬СȥǼ˻ʰꡢ˵֪밲λشθ𣿡
ص˵ͷȻ
ӣЦŵǲˣ
˶٣ͶŮֻͣŮǷȡ󾫵ġ
仰˵ֻҪסˣͲʲô̫⡣
ѧѧ٣һܲܡ
ӣ˶٣Ůܣܡ
۾ɣҶˣ

ڶ磬ֱʢˡ
רŽǵģ밲ʱĽǶȡٶȣ˸еһܡ
ǱӣƵĻҪᣬһһۣЦ
ӣŮϾ̫ףϽƣǰ˳
㣺ʼڿΣҪԱ߿Ůס
󷽷˳
ڴϳüСŮͬ˸Ƶġ
ǻʼҸơ
ֶЩС񣬹밲
Ӵݵˡ
СŶ˵ġѧѧ١˵ס
ࡣ

ǿİصعӣԺŮ
񿴼ˣͳǰȥѧݡһ·ơ
һ黹û㣬ִһͷ˹
ӣԱ߾ͱЦ
İ絹һȸģľͿọ̈̄Ʒ˼䡣
ȻͰϣ밢ʱһ¡ʺ󡱡
棬ͰչĸǵǣšʺС¹ߵס
İתͷӣͿѾתȥˣֻм΢΢
ƴЦ
İŮʺҪСס
ӣԱߣһûסЦ

Źūˮϴԡ֮ӣױ̨ǰͷմȾһֵĻ㡣
ͷͿİпڴͷһ飬
ߣİ̧ͷ΢΢һЦ
漴µͷȥ


397 

ȵ飬İ罫鱾ͷһţ̧ĴأͶӣ˵˵
ӣӣ˹ȥ
İάŴͷƣְֱϣԼ󣬲ŵǵģǴ
ӣһӾˡ뵽ŮһСü˵Լ
԰¶˵һ顣
İҲûϵԭŮﻹĵǣǲһ˲漴޵̵úá
ӷܱūϽƵĵ
ӣûʲôôһ䷴Щ˼ˡ
İ翴˼ڵƻ΢΢Цˡ
ֽԼǰıĲŵԺǣԼǺ¡
ӣһĬĬصֻϣǶܿ֡
ϣǺͻģϣǶһڡɵԼ
Ǹĸеı׼ģ
һֱãÿһӶͬһ仨ڵ
֣вͬ
ΪĸӦȥѹڵӦĸо
ֻһΣÿ˵Ӧñء
ʹĸҲûȨܶŮ

ӣȴûİԱ˵˼顣
ûӦİ֣ʲô
ӣعİŮ顣
ǳǿ죬ٹЩ꣬Ҫˡİͷͷ˸п
ӣŻСѧĴ̲סͶһ¡
ǵŮ̲סսİ֡
İ˼סֵġ
˶ٵ꣬Ҳһá
ӣŴİ𺳵Ļᣬ˳͸Ҫһŵ
룬Լҡҡͷѻȥ
ϣʲôһܹ֤أ
ỹǶ֮ˡ

ʱգһжʷϵĽ˳һģһĻôȵĺ«ΪӺ۵ʱӦͼˡ
ֻǺӶˡ
ʱԼҲͳˡ
ӣžͲɵóˡ
İ翴һ¶΢Цһ˼һҡҡͷ
˵Իɵ
̲סͱЦˡ
İ̧첲Ҫ˵ӣȴȻͰ˹ȥ
ȵôӵţӣŷӦһϵжĬȡ
̧ͷͿİ翴ԼЦˡ

ڱոһ¡
ĹϵȻȴǰࡣ
˵รӣݼڡԼĶŮӣһ˫Ů׽
Ϊԣȴǲܱġ
Sڻ϶ͺǰԺ鷿ˡ
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ǰ׶Ժѹˡ
ڶΪֺĥһรҪָߣǳһãҪϰϼʮ顣
ŮӾһʱͻύͷӶ²ǵĿɶ
ʱһ˵˵ϰ졣
ǹͬĵ˵µˡ
ӴĶˣ񽥽ͷ֣ѹǸȵСŮ
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ǱҲķ֡ʵƢЩֱЩ˵ž
˼û̫Ƶġ
߻仰˵㲻ϲǸˡ
һСöԱ˴µʶҲӣû뵽ġ
ǰ񾭳ڸƨɺȥ
Ƚˣһӡ
ǺǰԺ鷿ˣǰҲˣûˡ
ӾԼԺˡ
ʱڳͻ˵Ҳ˵ϰ⾰
ร֪¶Ȼﲻʹ죬ǾʧŮ֮ҲЩˡ
ޣ񲻹ǸСޡ
СŮ֮Ҫ飬ȥɣ

Ӵöˣ񽥽ؾе㿴˼
һ죬ڻµʱ򣬶Ů֧ʹԶЩȻִ˴ֱ
һͷʹǰ񣺡ǲǺŸ
˵ġ硱ȻָǺ͡
΢̧֣ͷʶ񣺡ôˣ
ҡͷԵصǺͻˣİҲͻˣ
˲˴
תཱུСϻŬװµ飬ͨĶѾ
Ȼ۶ô˵һֱҡͷӻˡ
ôں԰ţûһȴˡ
ܶòվˣ㡣


398 

Ӧһ۹һɨԱƨɶûŲһ£ɻǴǰǸ߰ӡ
ͺܲʹˡ
ǰǴǰ
ڲǳ㣬ԺĵոŮˡ
˵̬ȣҪƵĸııɣ
õġô΢Ц˵ţǰȥְˡ
Ȼб俴˶һۡ
˼Ƕǲġ
ڵ˲ٺöеէ˼ֱ޲ÿһζ
һʱֱ˴ϱӣһ¡
ˣǷʲô
ɵʵ
һ亮ѡ
ϧû˵ѵĸоʡ
Ƕ񱾾Ͷеִˣ⻰ǷС
ֽԼһŴһ˦ɫ֮˵˵强ôҲҪһһô
ȻСԱߣһཱུСţ;˵ȥС
϶Ὡ
㡣ֳ˳ӣס˴֡
ССӰվм䡣
ͷһۣһ˵ˡ
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ǲ֪һʱΪǵոŮأ
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ۿɰ̲סһЦǰȥõСԴ
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һۿȥͺһ̵ʻ
һɰӣ״ģ
ֱŮġ
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ֱЦ˳Ӳؾ͵˭ϡ
ɫ˼֣͵ǲϲñǣϤ㡣͹ʹ͵ĺɰ͹ǱոĹϵضҲǲ֪
һūŸ˶٣ó˵ոļƣسԣ
񣺡ڽ£[?৥?]
˲ͨ졣
ǰһֱƲ㣬û뵽ʮӶתȻѵˡ
֣ǰȥ͵ؽиոӣڵء
Ȼ֣ǲϡ
˵꣬õ֣Ͱקˡ

վԭأŵϴ̧ۣһ۶ıӰ
ӹһ˿ĽǶȡ
⡭Ůڵϣűӣ
ϻ΢΢ŢȾ˵ɫӣϣѾǲȥ˵ġ
Ƴһۣ뵽ɵ˼֣ϲʽšԺﻹһЩֻ
Ůϥ͵ūżסˡ

ؿܵǰԺĵطɿ֡
͵㣬ѽ!
һ˵һߵͷԼϵָӡӣģָɼ
ʲôҲǰˣʵûסһֽԼǰժݺݵڵϣֲ˼š
֪
ͷԱ죬ʲôҲ˵ˡ
һƽͷŹԹԵãеΡ
ҰˣǲǺϲǸҶҲУʲôϡͷ㡣
ҡҡͷվСһĵŶ񣺡ȷʵͦϲǸģѾˣǱˡ
˶٣صʵҲûʲôǡˣźۡ
ԭأһ䣬Ȼ;Ŀһӱˡ
໣ʲô۵Сɰ
˲εĲˡ
ģһ㣡߹ȥС֣µľ͸ŵ
վԭأЦȻСڽǰȻ£ȵǿҪ
ҲЦˣ־СװŰôߣ
ôţȻ۾͵꣬뷨ӸȥһˣϣʲôûУ


399 

ϾСӣһ˵ܳȥ棬۾Ҳˡ
̧ͷŶ񣬾˵ȥꣿ
šһȴеˡ
ղҲôһ˵ȥס뻹еη塣
ҡ䣬
뵽һܳ裬ʵ˵ҪȻ˵ɡ
ǣϾԼǽء

񿴳ˣҲƣֻ£ֻС֣ЦЦ
صԺʱŷ͸ӣ˵ˣ꣬ðǳȥ档
ӣ㣬⻰һ£֮ǰҲûгȥľΧ𣿡
Ͻ͸ǿʱС鶼ǵãοһΧԵڣҲѾþˡ
ӣ룬Ů⻰˵Ҳе
մ۵˫Ա߸ɾϲ˲ŹסŮһ˫С֣һ㰢㣬¶˼˼
Сһ˫ƯĴ۾Ҫ𣿡
ӣҡҡͷֵ˵ͷ㲻Ǹ۶ĺӣοȥ桪¶ûʲôҪסԺ棬ϲ飬͵һˡܱ˵ʲôóȻʲô
˶٣͸ŮƩһ£ֲſڣǱߥȥ˵˵ˣ˱ɣ˵ɣ֣ô˾㡣
˵̲ס뵽˴Խ֮ǰְ
ĬĬᡣ
ְҲһи˵ء
ͬʱ˹˾ֱ˾һ˻һ˱Թ˾Ǹɵӡ
˹ϵĻ˵öˣһ˾Թ
Թ̲סͶԷ䣬˳ŶԷĻͷο䡣
ºˣԷ˳־ͰѱԹ˾ĻתͷʹС˾
ֺ˾˵һ֡

Աߣ̧ͷӣʲôǡ
ӣǱڹǱ˷ĴȴҪܡ
Ŷص˵ͷС֣ץץף˼ز˵ˡ
һͰѽͶ֮䷢飬ӣ˵һ顣
ӣһһߵͷ˳־Ͱõŵģѹɻ״ȻһֵŻıԵһ߾͵ĺܺá
һԼʱ۾ֿЦˡ
վҪӵģһ仨
ӣֿİСִȥˣûϴ֣ʳġ
ų̨תȦһתһ߾˼ŵʵҾôùûʲôҪҫ˼Ҳֻ׽׽ˡ
ӣԸöȺãŸ㣬߹ȥʲôǸ˴򽻵ʱ򣬲Ҫȸǰᡣ
˶٣ͷһЦ͵ཻ£˱á
ۿŻСڹϽͣҲս
öֿĽסˣȰ񣬹Σգรһء
Ա룬Щӣ֮ôΪȼˡרŴźɰҫġǰᣬ𣿡
ӣۿŹɫı仯ͷǡ
룬ƩСһЩʱǲ˾˯˾Զ⣬û̫뷨
ƯС˵ͷû
ӣҲ˵ͷŵԽԽĸĶҲԽԽأԽԽ࣬ҵںҲԽԽ
ͣͣʱ˲ӣҲӣֻ˺·һ𣬾ͱøˡ

һѾˡöӣ״ĵӹźŰæСȫװȥȻϡ
ϣĻСȣʱһɺˣվĸ׷ԸԼȥϴˡ
ϴ֣˱ɣǿŶסˡ
ӣһҲ⿪ΧȹʶؾְѱɵŮǰơ
һ˫С֣ѵ˻ȥ
һɣߵӣߣιӣߣԣ
ӣ˲ͳӯҸĸо·һ
Ⱥۻ
ŮֳˣͿԼߣֳԼӡԼˡ
ӣ־ͰŮСʱһԼϥϣֵͷཱུС
ĸ׵ϣ˻һ˫СȣͷͳӣЦüۡ
Ǻһ̵ʱ⣬Զסͺˡӣ̲ס롣


400 ѩ

⼸ϣİ綼æúܣûԺʱǰ鷿˲ϻء
ò׵ȵԺˣѾСѩˡ
ϲѩˣ˯ۿѩҪȥ
ӣŮˣʵʵһ÷ɫ磬ӳĵһСӨվѩֱޡ
ͷѧ֮ĸ̽ȻҲŹˡ
ľܲѩ
˵Ҫѩ˸۰õ黳Ը¾˵ȥǰԺ鷿ϰҵһѩˡ
ֱӰˡ

þܾĺ͸еһ˿ܺơ
ڶ濴ȥ
ʵѾĺɫĺϵʱˣѩܣӨȻ߶Եñƽʱʱǿࡣ
ֻһ롣
Ժ񣬸ѩѳɸСӡССѼͣȻ֦ҶȥСĶ䡢β͡
һ߿ŰСѼӲСһ߾Ͷ޳ָ
ֳҲƯ澫£
ӣȻԱСŮĿ⣬ҲֻĿбӡ
ӣҲöŮõŹ׳öóȥǣױСѩˡ
쿴ֱֵĲУÿһӾܵĸ׵Ĵ£ŽżŴ󺰡
ͲûĴ򴰻ˡ
ӣֱ֣ȥŴŮѵĸС
ǿÿȻʱˣⶳ϶񣬳ȥԺ￴Ůˡ
ԺӣͿͷ϶ðһ˫Сָڵġ
Ƿġ
һֻ԰˵ҪȥһЩͷ׵ų
һԺڵͷѩѣȻ;ò͵һһ¡
һѩ˹ƫõ
վͿվ̨ϳü䡪ֱء
Ͼѩ죬ƯһСЩͨ죬ϵЦЦֿɰֽһֻСꡣ
һСֳˡ
򱡱촽ĬĬתߣû˵
ûʲôӦǻ˻С֣ƾҪ̨
Ȼתߣȴ̲סעġȻҪѩʱ뵽֮ǰ˵顣
ŵһӾʶǰһֱҲ̧һ¡
ȻŷӦСթ
һЦöֱˡ
ھеҲסˣֻõѩ庮ǽݰɡ
Цеصѽ
ӣ󣬽˽ȥֱֿסรĸ첲ĸˡ
ĬĬ
һЩʱİظˡ
ûӣԺʮ
Ҳǡ
ȥһǰԺ鷿˿ͺͺSӵĶȻ˱裬ЪϢƬ̣˼ѣֱӣˡ
ոսԺӣص߰СѼӣССӣİ̲ס΢Цˡ
˵϶ĵĽˡ
涯ӣʱһĸϻһһӭ˳ȥ
֣ԶͶİ纰꣡꣡
İϵЦݶˡ
˹һѾͰѱСްˡ
ȣ§סĲӣؾͶԸ꣬Ůȥ档
˶٣ûǲһ䣺ҲȥǶȥ档
İ΢΢һ£뵽ǰһֵ顪ָŮ浽һ
ҲáԼҽá
˶٣Ůڵϣһ˫סŮС֣Լصã֮귨ҪѲʱһͬǰȥżҲͼµĹ⾰ˣ
ܵӣߣӶ̽˰СԴɿɰҡͷصѽ꣬ǡȥҲУ
֪һӦ

ڶһ磬ȥ߶ţӦˡ
˵õʱЦúϲ£ˡ
ѣæܹӣŤŤվӣǰ˵档
ӣЦžūȥˡ
ܸмվӣǰรһǺܺģ
ղ棬źͷ˵ˣǲͷЩûãֱԴ˳
ӣŮӽõ໥ƺţŷƽ³Уͷͷ粢һһ˵ÿһ˵ǸɫƯ
·𿴼һŴͼ


401 ŵ

ѣһϱȻһ߾˳ڳ⻨ɫܺÿҶѡġ
׼ȥӹѵģ⻰ϵĶͳһ¡
͵͵ĻͷһԼ
ӣһԷԸŮ׼ŵĲ˵ѹûע⵽
ҲӦЩԼͷǻ˵ˣܲʻضȥ˶٣˱һ߸ϣһ߿оͽȥˡ
һʱ֮ЩΡ
Ǻܿ죬Ӷˣֵؽ˵Ҫȥ԰
˵ūһ˸ţӣ룬ûģ׻һȥˡ
Ϊǻѩ죬԰ĺܣιƵġ
ӣȻͿ˺ܶԼƵĻ˪ʱǲҾðһ缡¶棬ֱ񱻵Ƶġ
ȻͿŮȻŶܡ
һһ߻˵ڽˣǱı֮Сĺܡ
ôһ˵ͺεغֶߴչȥˡ
ūȻţϽȥˣĸǸǴСС
ӣҲһϽŮסˡӳԱ߻Σ֮
Щɨˣ֮ɫ
ߵĶҲͬЩʧ
֣վԭضһۣ飺㣬һȥ档
Դҡĸ˹һ棬ʲô˼
˼ʲôѩˡߡ֬ࡢд֡
ȫˡ
Щܵʱ򣬶Ȼ۾͵ãȥٰɣ
ѵõЩˣҡҡͷСصҲѽ
һ˵ţһСֱ߬ӣ̲סͷ˶һۡ

ʱ򣬶ԺΧӣߣ˵Ҫѧˡ
㵯ٵʱƲҪ̫ÿ
ѵŮرѧϰӣҲ鲻
ȻǰǱϾǹŴ㡪黭ѧѬѬաҲǲġ
ңİ籾ϲѧİŮƼʹڲᣬ˵׼ԺҲ뵽

ôţӣһȥǰ鷿İ͵ĵʱ򣬾Ͱ¶һ졣
˶٣˵һأ˵ѧӣһֹȥʳд򿪣һ߾Ͷİ
Աߣ̧һཱུС۾תתȥһ̧֣ͰѲյȥˡ
ȻİŸոסյְѵĸǰˣ꣬ǶŮһо¸㣡
İ翴СѾͷƨӣ²յЦˣҲʲôΪ¡
һ˵ţһ߾֣ŮСԴ
һڴĿ
İ룬㵯úãô
ءţһ˵ͷ
İЦű㻺ǺãֻҪ㲻³Կ࣬ӽ𣬰Ͼÿȥʱ򣬱㵯١
һûͷСֱԥԥ̧ͷŸס
ʵе˵ŮֻҪǸʦѽ
İǸͣʦаŰѧͷİɡ
ϵЦЦеǿ

⼸һЩİ˵ˣʢȥⷿٹָһţŮߵǰԺרŵ֮У
İתͷŮ۵Сͷ⣬ɵúܡǡ귨ͨɣҲͬʳڹ롶塷氢ѧһѧɣδһ¡
ƶǶĵ˵ͷ
İΧеƼףŵ١Ϊѣɽˮ֪
Աߣ鹾๾תתҲ˵ʲôˡ
İַ̧֮ϣȸŮٸλĹơ
˵˺ðˡ
һһ㶵ġ
һ˫С΢΢˻ΣС־ȥŵɫӡ
˿Ửָָᡣ

һ˴ӰǰԺ鷿·ϣĸ׵̧֣һС͸ӣ㵯ٵʱӺúÿ
һ˵һ߾ͳľԼС첲ʾӣ
ӣĵװӡʵ̫Ʈݰɡ
ǱϾģһӾ붮Ů˼
ӣСЦе㵽ϲأϲʱѣ
ģСƻһܺߵؿӣһۣȻͷ˵ˡ


402 

ӣûЦΪάŮӡӲסˡ
Ȼһ׻СŮҼҵ˼ѽ
ȥ͸㻭ͼֽͷǽ巿ˣЩϲĿʽ
һ¾۾һ߬סĸ׵֣Ҫɴģ
ظӣȻš
ӣЦãסˣͷǸ˵һ顣
̲ס뵽ԼԽ֮ǰСʱϲľǹװӾ磬˾ͺСŴߴ˿תȦȦԼƮƮӡ

İǱߣΪŮϲѧ٣ǵڶʢصһѺٹ
ˣƼŵ٣ϵıЩﻢµΪѡ
ȥҶͿﴰ£ʻͼֽ
СֱŶĲӣſӣͷȥͿӣֽϻһƯСŮκԼࡣ
ϵӵ˼ɴӶʱһķˡ
˵СָֽϾ͵涮ң
ӣְѱʵݸŮ޸޸ģҪ
ӹʣޱſԱߣѿʼͿͿĸģĨĨ
ӣûŮôʱֱ̡ССװʦˡ
ȵ޸ĺˣŸӣӣ;áƺ̫Щ
ǣǺ˽˵һ飬Լȥƺ
ãǾ巿ӣŮص

รó裬巿°ͽ᲻ͼֽȥܿ㽫õ˹
̣ѻ򿪡ɴĻһ΢΢ɫʡ
λõĻͼǺŵġĻͼǰյģ¾ʢŵˡ
˵־ŵңң
ɱһһ۵Щ˼ˣ
ӣŮźŻѣ߳תһȦӣ
ӣѾ˱ϴ۵׼ôһƣȻܲ
Ҳ֪ЧãŮֵİѸѹסˡ

ٹٵʱ򣬿ѾͺĽ
ϵĻ䣬ô뵽״ģ
Ц
񿴵ʵۺ죬ٵͷԼǰ١ֻٶʱˣ
ϣİʱ򣬿ŪңĲɵӡ
˼ͳԼӿ
İҲЩˣӣ䡣
ӣ룬Ůʵ˵˳СŮӼҰǰӿ㵯٣ԭֻϲƺÿ
İͷҲû˵ʲôˡ
ӣ飬ȥ־ڵĸָİߣү
İס֣˴Լǰ֣Լŵôү⺢һʱѪûԣ
Ҳǡӣԥһ£ĵô˵أ
İһӾЦˡ
ӣһۣתͷıӰһۣ۰ŮҲҪˡ
ӣôһ˲䣬Ȼò񻰡
ΪһԽִˣʱ̲ס룺Լڽ̺ʱ¶һЩʵ٣Ǻʱļֵгͻġ
İӣ϶вһĵط
ôأ
ʲôʱգĸ۰ŮģԶһġ

ʱȥˣڣҲӡˣҲڵҾ޴Ĺƣ׼ꡣ
İʱһЩգǱ֮ǰĳŵŮǳȥ档
ϴģǸӲãǴ˵ԼҪڸڸߣչˡ
ҪТ˳ŮİҲûбҪ
Ŷͳˡ
ͬеĻкͺͼӡ
Ǻӧġ˵ҪţôҲġ
ǣһȻ£ֳ
ͶڳŮӶװ磬񸻹˼ҵСӡ
Ƿ۵Сޡ
ܳ棬Ůֻˣָһ𣬻ңҳ㡣
ˡ
Ϊհӡ϶ҪһͬʣֻŮСŮȴŮĵ
û뵽Ըȥˡ
üŪ۵ؾͳ񣬱ʾĻϲã

֮رвˣǽأϸߺȽ֮ڶߵҾ¥ϵ˿֮ʮֶˡ
İŮ
͸ں棬һ࣬ȴ̲ס￴ȥ


403 ס

궼ڸԺѵ档
ο˿ʱ򣬴־͸ѵˡ
ÿһ˵ģδŵģ񽥽ľ;۾첻ˡ
ūŸ󣬼ʲôǸϽ͸ŸҸǮڵҿһȲҲδߴ١
һ߿һ߻Ÿ˼㿴
ı࣬ŵСֱ̫ҪĶѹˡ
Ůţؾͺĸһξ롣
˺ܿͱһ޻̯עǶȻǰ洫һ󶯾
⶯СٶȺܿ죬һɧȺŻŵ߷˿
ӰֱȺʲô״ֻԱߵĺСģ
İһߺţһ߾Ҫӣȴûϵ˳һӿŮǸ˿ȻԽԽԶ
İߵʱŵĲУƴǰˣҲ˲û˵ˣĵֱ߸ˡ
Ա߶ȴ˳嵽ȥˡ
ūֵƴǽСӣ˻ߵغģ
̧ͷʱ򣬲ſԶԶһƥ˹
ٶܵü죬һգ۹͵Լǰ
Ӹߴëԣžһݵӣڴ˵졣
ÿ£
վ·м䣬һʱΪ£˶סˡ
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ǧһ˲䣬ֻǰһһӰѸٵĳ嵽ԼǰסԼԱһת˵ڵء
˲䱻һůĻ
˵ıյĳȥˡ
񾪴˰ΣֻԼһֻ֣İסԼԼԴ
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̧ͷſǰ
硭СŰо૵ص
ɫãֻ˫΢΢Щ
һСִһ߾ʶؾͽϵµɨһۡ
ʶŮӣǲòġ
ջ

İ궼춪ˣȵʱһѱס񣬲ģ
Ҳղһʱúö˶˵վԭأûٸ첲ȡ
ŷ
˶ӿĬĬؾ˹ȥˣѵطøİͺ͡
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ող﷨ٶȣֻҪ˶һģͻᱻ̤֮£
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һ˵ţһЩڡö˶˵سʲôأ
ŵؽλΧм䣬ɫɷףȥСǡ
İüͷתͷŹȥƥǿô
ʵһϻõķɫ
̫Ӹϵˡ
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İ۹ȥķɨһۣŮ
ڻһ·һţһ߾̲סС֣§ס׵Ĳӣص꣬ղǰҡ
İüͷδֻ΢΢ͷ֪
˶٣Ƽˡ
С꣬ҪһͰѽ
İͷ͵á
һ˵ţһ߾תͷԶİֻ·֮ʱ΢΢Щ
ʱҲŻˣ֮󣬱㿪ʼղŵĹ⾰жա¡
İ̽ȥԸʱ򣬶Ȼʹս̧̧򣬼һ£żüŪ۵صĹӣô飬ȴһ˳
һཱུС΢΢ҡͷһصҲ֪ѽ
СԴŤŤĶ䣬ЦеĲ˵ˡ
İԸֱӣ뵽ŶܾοŮ䡣
˵ͲƤЦˣֱӣֻСϥϷŵö˶Ű˵
˵ȴ͵͵תС
ſϣӱ紵Ĵ£͵͵棬ϵİ
۾գ


404 ҩ

˱ոǰʱͿˣȷʵ⡣
пǸղž˵ʱˡ
·һȳһա
ʹҲû˿ʧֻ̬ǷһЩάŸеݡ
һ˲ĬĬصСԴ
İǱһˣҪ־ʾŮԼ
Ȼİôһ·˻ȥ

ӣԺдףĶūǹ밲
ΪԼˡŸճȥãҲɡ
ôôͻأ
ոӭӳȥһ̨ףͿİֱṲ̊˽
СʱôཱུıױڻŮТܰɰ
ڱϾһЩôһСޱСӤһرţžЩΥˡ
ӣ̫࣬ȴһ⣺⣡ɱŮˤˣ߳ʲô£
İĻӭ͸߸˵С֣
һߺţһ߻ӻͳһСɰҪݸӣ
ӣӹӺɰſĿһۣͿһֻӣɫ
ȻǲܺϽڵıȣʤڿʽƯɰ
һЦݣӣˡ
İʹһڳ
ȻͰѴϵӣ˵һ顣
ŵ鵭һЩ
ˣӣһиͷŮ˹ŵһӾͷվˡ
İȥ˵ҿаڣԼסˡ
ӣһţһʹ̫ӡһ㲻ԩ
Ȼͬʱֱ԰м㡣
סıŮǾ֮ˣ
Աţ΢΢СȣСԴתתȥŰ˵
뵽˰ȡ
磬İ罫Ůͻ˸һʱⲻ˷ѣǴҴҵӣ䣬ȥ˴񣬿Щѹҩ
Ȼ׼ȥˡ

ȵ֮ߵӣǰ͵Ժûеҩ
ӣһûת΢΢ۣŮЩˣ
֪ˣϽҡͷͣǵģǰΪ˾ң˵ϣղŻʱҿȲԾˡ
ӣվԸöȥѵҩ˳
ҩҲǳҩǰ̫ҽƽʱ򣬾ѾһЩ
⻹йڵʱ򣬹ʹͣİʹ͡
öܿͰרõһֻҩ˹ľӺܳһЩʿæ̧ġ
ʿ棬˳ʾรŵ
ӣʱȻû˵ЩöԱߣΪ˷ŷ飬Ƕʿ˸ŬŬ졣
ʿľˡ
񿴼ҩӱˣǰȥ
ӣͿŮСԴȥˡɼĽ͵ġ
һӣȻ뵽˵ľλΧԵʱŮһζԼ˵
ļƿã񽹼سĸ׵ӣ̧ͷӣ
ӣ˼ƿСģŮӸϸϸĹˡŮף·ʱСץȣƿˤƬԼ
ıżƿҩ˵ҪȥǰԺҺ͡
˳㡱ҩ硣

ǰԺ鷿ѵõϾԼ䣬Ȼ;ñһ˸硣
Աߣʹ֣Ȼ΢΢˶

ͦùģе飬ӭ˳ȥ
ùȻվԺϻһ֦չѡ
ӣõǲɴ滹дСһĻ䡪һͺһһһ
ô뵽ˣͺܸ˵ǰȥü
ʵԺĸҪǰԺ鷿ǲ׵ġ
Ƕܳ裬ǰ飬һ·߹ҲѹûūŸš
۰õСԴߣѵһˣƸݣ
һ˫С֣ԼСԴ˼ص磬־ôѽͷϻлأ
ͶһƣȻͷϻкһģһ
һľ¡Ǻ׵ġ
⡭
ۿسԼһӾһЩ֪Ǻˡ
˵ȻͿԼ
˳񣺡ūŸ밲
ˡ
ܵ˰ǰ̧ͷŰ͵磬лңǸġ
˵꣬־Ͱŵƿ˰


405 ײ

۽΢Ĵƿ
ܾµСƿӣ͸һҩ㣬ƿ滹ϵ¶ȡ
̧һаЦݡ
û˵սСƿ͵ūŶл񡣡
С֣˰ڣؾ͵硣
ԱͻȻ;Լеࡣ
ףõС֣ߣȥ档
ԹԵı֣߽
ʰĴţüܣŵĶλС鼮
ڵĲϣǹǴ
鱾û̫Ȥ
С֣ת˼Ȧȥ˹۹һתȻԱһ
Ż衪豳һֻССס
չȥͿһβС㡪ûл飬Сҡҷβͣµˮȥ
ž;СЩ졣
Ŷˣ԰ĳĶС
Ǹʲôʱ˳ūץİɡץһ
ôţҲͲΪŲ˽ŲԱ߹ȥˡ
վһԣͦñֱģȴˡ

ӹ÷ɿ죬תۼ͵µˣ۳ҹûˡ
ԴϴԼԼһ׻֮󣬶ԷװƵȤ׼˳һʰ
Ż˺öͼֽ巿
ǸСŮӣİ谮Ů巿ҵֻõϱĻƶʱͣˣֻΧͼֽת
ѳƷ֮ԴһΣͰѶ۲ĲС
ĸŮӲأ
ȥ͸ร˵ˣ˵ɣĲãͼֽʵǺÿҲõͼֽӣȥ巿˸
ôƯѣֹꡣ
⻰ͷŸոһû˵䣬ͱรѵ˸Ѫͷ
⼸鲻ãรѵرס
㬵Աߣͷ˵ˡǵһθܵ˺S顣
SѾĸ׷ƢĹɵĶһ㣬ܹرܿĸľˡ
ſӣһ˹ţһֻ飬Ƥ΢΢һ£һ۶
ã
ùˣػԼӣֻ˵Ҫ١
Ȼһأ淢ŻƳˡ
ร֪Ůںҵ٣йеߣȴҲùܡ
ҡҡͷ˶Ӽ䣬ȻŮȥϢˡ
SĥһۼҹҲûȥˡ
ĸ׽֮СƮӾҪǰԺ鷿ȥ

ߵ·SȻԼղһ飬Ͽģŵʱ˳־ͷԱߵˡ
ߡ
ңжˣȥһ¾SСƮӵ
СƮҲûС̫һһ˵󰢸ʲôūȥ󰢸ˡ
ֻ˳صǣūžŴ󰢸硣
SСƮһ㡣
Сĸ׿ƹ˵ȻϿųЩʵȴǸоƿˡ
ΪġáūţһҪǰʱڷ̡
һҪȫλİٷְٷӡȥ˳ָʾˡ
ҪһϻҲҪһ˿ƨ

ϾҹˣSһţһ߾̲סӿ˲
һ紵ɵùϵѡ
˶ԺǰSſĵƻƺѾϨˣֻһŰδĵơ
һɨֵҹֻ̨̫֣࣬ԱһܷĽ䣬ʹͷЩ˯
SĶ֪Լ飬ҪѵԼ䡰ġ
û뵽ô׼Ъˡ
SһֻŶѾ̨ףոҪȥȻͿƶһ£ū
ΪǶĴŮʫ˭֪һ̧ͷڵƻİӰ£˵Ӱ
Сӡ
Եã΢΢С
СȻһֻССյһֻճ֣ȴ͵͵졣
Sվ̨µĺڰУСֻȫѪҺ˲ʱ䶼ӿԴ˳һ
ֻ
˶ԭأȻŬţȻѾûа취ȥԼȥֿܡ
ôܡ
ôܣ
Sҧ촽ֱ촽ҧѪ

ӶԺϢ˳֮󣬺SһͷҹԵҰޣѥӵײ
ȵ˳һľ룬˲ת죬ٶʹŤһ
Sȣ·񱼶ȥ


406 ɱ

СƮӻǵں԰Сϡ
ĺܣο󰢸жǴ󰢸磬ڻСء
Ǵ󰢸罫ˣ̧һԾΪۺСߵūš
ʱСƮӾѾˣҪһúЧڴ󰢸硣
Ļ»ҲǺԹԵġ
СƮ̧ͷͿ󰢸˹
ٶʵ̫죬һͷײСƮǰ
СƮӿβԣַס˴󰢸磬ͿSϲҰףһ˫ȴȼŻһһַսļ
СƮӱˡ
æҵķźSSϡû顣
รƢ󰢸һ֪ġūǰԺ鷿ˡСƮӹźSղһǻȥ飬ร־ѵһ顣
οš
Sţĵû˼Ȼ
СƮһΪSϳʲôֶˡ
۵С۵ԱС̫Ƕһ£ĵô죿
󰢸ľҪԡ
ҲֻܲȥϽѹͰ
S˫ֳϥϣάôƣƺһڴڵĴ˺üڣǿֱΧְ˽ΧѯʷС̫Ǻͨͨ£
ūǶ󰢸ļɫˣ˲һƬ
СƮҲ֣ʵʵĸˣSɨһۣŭû˵㣡
СƮźSˡ
󰢸磬׷ǳʲô¶СƮһ·СǰԺ鷿ߣһ߾͵ĵʳ˿ڡ
Sҧ촽
СƮſSϵѪʱһϽԼϸɾӾ˫S󰢸磡
һ²ˡ
Sӹӣ¹ºݺݵĲ˼¡
ֱͬйһ㡣

ϽϦҲвٷǼ̳ϰס
ʵϣףһ¾Ϳʼˣ³һС͸ǡױдġʹ͸ʾӡ͸֮⡣
𣬸ص󳼷ຯʱؼУ顰֣ζ㡣
¶ʮգоͿʼȼű꣬Ϧʢ
Ϧ֮ҹǬ幬Ϲٵƣ¹ƣҽֵɫ˽Բƣһ·ӳŹâ
ӣΪıյĲรȻҪͬİ硢ĸһġ
Ҳˡ
รȻƽԶŮûʲôģʱȴҲ֪ķһ£֪ʲôԵʣӲ̫Լˡ
֡Ϊͷ˵ս
ʱ򣬺S۾ûκĲ۶˵ʲôʲôһľͷַ·һ̶ˮ㲨ơ
รЩƣ˼άģʽǾͷ·ɰһ㡣
Ůǵ뷨ͳɳӦһ졣
ǺS⸱βӣȻѾ˹
รĸദϸϸһ飬ҲûʲôԾ
޷Ǿѵ˺S䱳鱳Ĳ⡢βϽˡ
֮ǰô꣬İ
СΪ̲รū֮һԱ߾Щ͸о˺Sĵ⡣
˵󰢸֮ǰֻЩӺͱĵĻôڣȴܹӴ󰢸￴ʶһ˿޵ɱ⡣
ǵģɱ⡣
ɱ֮졣
С̲סʹ˸¡
Ȼ뵽ԼġӡʵҲԼԴϵġ
ӡ˵ֻҪรԺˣҲ׾ٵ顣
СӲԸ⡣
ֻߡ

һ·ҡҡڰڵĸĸߣǣӣ֡
ǰӣǣŮ֣Ҫúܵͣڣȴһһ̧ܽˡ
ֽǶȵĵСӣҲоŮĳɳ
Ǵ£Ƕһͷͷͣ˵ҵĸรˡ
̧һ˫ཱུС֣˺򣡡͸Ź
Сһ˫СҲûվǹ£ȲŸ߸߻Ьӣࡣ
һ߿ͷһ߾뷨֡
㿴ңһѹɤӣضӣһ߾²һǺ𡱵ʱ˲͵ˡ
ӣϽ͵ʵ㣡
ңңվ档
۹ãԶԶؾͿǱߣŵһƬѹѹȺ֮УһȵСѾͷܻõԭһ¡
СܲͷƵġ
ͱߵװŮӸϽסˡСѾͷĶ
ʢ̫ƽڻ졪ܺá
֣ȥ˪Ͻǡƻֺꡢعһжǿҵʾӵµϡ
ɨһȦСѾͷϡ


407 ʮ

ӣȻŮסˣղŶЩôһÿɰСŮѾΧ˵ע⡣
ԶԶƣߵˣǱļҵģ
ŹϸƷλžͻشүĻȷıү
һ漴תߡ

ϣǬ幬ʱӣһȺรǱߣ档
Ŵ񡢶һģڸ档
ᵽкΣŨҵʱ򣬱йͰ׵߹Ը˵˼ʲô
ĸͷͿһۡ
ӣȻԶĸŮģǸһҪǱһۡ
Ҹָӣʱͣ˿ӡ
λϵõġ͹ˣֻǲ֪Ϊʲô֮ϣ
ֻĸͷ˵˼仰΢΢ԥһ£ӣ￴һۣ漴󷽷վ
һ˫̶̵Сȣλ͵˵ǰ
ǵ
ӣԷϾһѪԵϵײһ
ľ͸밲ȵӣʱԱһȺ
סЦʮֿɰȻ͵ߵò䲻ȣȥˣſɰСӱ÷˳ۡ
Ҳʣһô£
һ㶼òؾͻش˵ԼͼֽģһʱԱ档
ҲЦſ˹ְеǰ˼䡣
ӣ֪ʱŷӦǵ뺰񰡡
ƶǿʦ⡣
˼񻰣ֻŮ͸ϻֲʧ棬Ǹ˶ɰˡ
Ȼʵʱ򣬿ֻ֣ö졣
ʱİҲˣһַֻϣЦŮԴʰꡣ
˼䡪รҲС͵ĸ
ܺãǸиˡ
ôţ˵Ҫıղรϵ
ӣԼҵϽСǰȥ͸ʵˡ
Ѿ˹ĸԣСֽӣӡ
ӣ֣͵͵סŮС֣Ů
˼ӣӣһԭЩ顣
Żû˵İԱѾŻشˡ
Ȼǵ𲻺á
ͼλ곤Ƕ̲סЦ˴Ȥİ粻˽ŻŲร
ĸ棬ϵĲ͵ˣҲȻ֪
ɫʵĶγˮˡ
İĸǣԶԶؿӣҲ¶Ľı顣

һҹ̻ûͣһƬͬĻУʱڻ˿ʮꡣ
Ϊҹҹﶼû˯һϷҲֺ
ǵ賿͹Ƿϣĸȥˡ
ҹкѵõĿԴ鷿ݼٵӡ
ʹżǣҲܿġ
ţ˺N
뵽N;Щˡ
һתۣѾôʱ䡪Nڵ׳ʲôأ
ȵټʱ򣬲֪Ǻˡ
ҹĵ֮ӣȥѶӲʱ˯ˡǺƽʱ鷿ҹ㣬Ͷˡ
ϴȥļ鶼û˯ţԺС鱾°ѵƻ
ڴٶɡ
ŶţͲɵ뵽˽ڹϦϣС֮˴ֵദһЩ顣
ǰСʱ岮ǼҵСҲС
ںǽĶˣ˼Ҳ͸ָˡ
ǰһֱã鷿ҪΪ˶顣
¶ã˹˵ûѧϰҪǲĥͲͬӵСֵǴ򽻵ı죬ҲҪ
ҪǺNھͺˡǰԼѺNޡ
NҲ˯ڶĴ̣˿˵˵һҹ
֪˶ã˶õ˼ۿŶ¶һĨǰףŰе鱾Աߵӣһ£˱Ӹ˯ˡ

İæµĺܣⷪ縰˸ͣ
Ҳ˽˳ֵúܡ
˼죬İӣ
ӣֻƬƺڣ̫үǸˡ
ҹȥİᵽ̫ӵʱٻŶֳʹء
ڣӣǰİᵽ̫ӣ϶ڲס뱹

ӣ뵽֮ǰ飬ľ
ڴԶİסӣ֣˵˵ţؾ˵˶ӵĶϡ
ûҹһͿֽȥ鷿ˡ
İʱӣ˵һ˵ô͡
סӣ֣͵飬Ըĥȵ׽͸ʱ򣬾͸үʱˡ


408 Ż

ӣһߵͷһȴ룺ǣܹǰߺһЩ飬·ѵô
ϾԴҲҪɱģô
İ·һӾͿ롣
סӣ֣̫࣬ǲκá
İҡҡͷ

¸ոյԺһ顣
¶˵Ҳ޷Ǵ͵͵ڻ԰ֽǮūſˣ˸
˵¶ΥأǸϳ˼䣬ˡ
ȵˣԸŲյһ˼΢Ц˳
ͦˡ
ʱθܼǵϵ˵Ǹĵĺӡ
ܶģܶԼġ
һĵˣǲ治ȵġ
ԼԴĸƺ֮Ũ˼֡
񣬺ز˸Լ̬ȵı仯
ǰǾãΣֻҪԼĸйصһ飬Ӧڸǰܻġ
Ͼ뺶ѾĶˡ
ֱڣģģһĸ׵飬ᷴУĿ࿴
ϾһѾŮˣǲܺŮġ
һ㣬ڶԴĸʱ򣬴ʽǰһЩͬ
ǼԼİ˼ͻںޣҲһ˿õζ档

Ѯʱ򣬾ﻹ캮ضģıոԺȴյů紺
Ŷ־ܡ
ԴӶĽ֮ͻ˲ͼֽ巿նҲ˼
ɰѶֻˣ
ҴԼԺȥǱ
ʱ򣬴Ϻúһ
ԽԼֱԼԺˡ
ɰร᣻ԺСĺúóԣ
ˣĿһڴµ˯ˡ
İѵõ˿У˵ӣȥһݡ
ȻǾ֮ڵ
Զĳȥúü죬ʱҲ߲
һ˵ܳȥˣŮӾҲ˯ˣ˷ܼ˵ľ񻹲Ŷ񣺡㣬ȥƯѴ
ͷ絷⣬ʹŮҪȥѡ
һγȥΪ̫Ӿ飬ʵѹû桢ûʲôͻˡ
ҲΪˣһӣŸף˵Լһθû档
׼ȻӦˣŮǳȥ棬͵Զţ˵
İ۰ģŮֲû취Ǿ뵽ȥ
һ·Ҳֱӹȥͺˡ
ȵҲˣ·Ҳȫ

ıոǰ뿪ǰȥֵĽֵ
֪˶ãԶˡ
ߵľɫҲܲϿϵڵ·ԡ
ӣĿĵزǸõˣȻȥͿ֮Уһΰڰɽϡ
ǾȺǱߵĹԵ׳ࡣ
Ͷֵ
ΪһεĽѵСһֱǻм䣬γһƶİΧȦ
ʵͦܵġΪСˣҲû̫Ŀܡ
Сָ֣Զ͵㣬
˺ܽʵƣҲ˸ǰȥ
ӣʻǲģǽȴȷأ·ÿһҪܴ
ѹ᲻Ƶġ
ԼںԺŹˣûʲô
ǣҲû롣
ʱŮӱһ̵ֻǴʱ򣬴ɽԵССߡ
Ȼһ㽻ҵģҽġ
ӣڶ棬źǣȤȴȻľ;θȭͷ͵شһ¡
û³
ӣΪԼγˣʶס죬ʵ̲סĵĸо
Żһ
İԱߣŵؾ͹ַļ򣺡ӣ
үҡӣ˵һǿҵĶġ
һαȸղŻİϡ
İסԼһߴԸȿӱޣϻرոøҽţһร
ϳū˵รˣҲΪԸݳ̫ʱͳ亹æս
Ҳˣȫˣһȫڶ
ľ͸˹ӣǰһ˫Сסӣ֣ôˣ
ӣӽţǱˡ
ǿŮЦһЦοһ¡
Ǹոһθǹɷĸоӿ


409 ιҩ

С󣬺ȻҲ֪ôģ뵽ȥС
ӣ֪СƨǸ˭ѧġ
ֻǱŮôһ۵ò㱻
һ˫С֣صõ𣿡
İʱȴˡֻ¶Ƕˣ
˵˵Щ͵ԣһȥﲻȱ˵
ϳܲĵءŶһĬĬȥ
һƨɾ˶ϣðѶһ޻ˡ
־Ͱסˡ

ıոſڣūѾϢ֪รö͸˹
¯
İֱӾͰӣﱧ
ô˵棬ӣǸоЩΪ飬ʶһ¡
İ簴סļ΢΢üͷɷ˵ؾ͵𶯡
İôһ·˸һֱԼԺǰҽѾϹˣڴغš
รˣɫŵãд󲡡ӣҽ͹߳ɣһ
Ȼ֮󣬸ҽüЦ͸İ籨ϲ˵รеס
ղŻ£¶ѣ̫ģȵͷ»ͻࡣ
İһӣϲˣ͸˵վǱԭ˼ص˸ҽԺеūš
ӵҲû©
ӣڴͷͿİϲɫ˵ķ·һһ
̲סҲ΢Ц˳ֳİѾסļ򣺡𶯣
ӣһֻòˡ
İ翴ʱ򣬾ͺǸˮһָһͻ飬رСĺǻŵ֡
ӣ̲סʧЦˡ
Ҳ˷ܡִŽһ£֪ٹһʱ䣬һСܻܵСˡ
ۣȵǸʱҲᱻԴ˵Сƨˡ
ʱҲܸ˵Сˡ
磡
žͺܿģСЬӣƽʱһֽŲõĸ״
һѰסˣҪ԰ȥ档
ȻͷԼڰﲻˡ
أȵСܻܵСóԺⲻǰСˣ
뵽һ㣬еɥСԴĬĬĴӴһȫȫıӣ
־סŮС֣ôˣ
ֻһίǱôһģʱССί˴ί
΢˱С죬İᶼۿתѹǿԺҪһѽ
İ˼ȫӣϣŮ˵⻰һЦ
ֽߣ̧ë׵СԴŵô᲻أ
ӣԱЦſŸŮȻ뵽еĶ̥ͥСĳԺ󣬴ĺӱԼܵ䡣
еصģָ⡣
û뵽ͺ֮䣬ûֿգ̥֮䣬ĳһͷ
еЦá
ܿ죬̥ҩѾöˣİ籾ڴߵģʱҲûÿֶҩ뵽Լߡ
īҩ֭üͷһµģͺһСڣ¶ȡ
ӣһѿڶүǰ̥ҩ
İҩĺܣӣԾľͰѺ仰ȥˡ
ˣùӣȡ
ӣҪ֣İ绹ûáҪι
ӣϽͶҡֽ͵رҩһȥУҪƷǿɾеˡ
ҩܽ
İһ㶣⻰˵ĵȥסӣĺ󱳺ͼŽҩյڱߡ
˳ھһڶûô֪ҩĺأ
ӣֱǹʵġ
̧ͷСֳ˳İӣСĶⶼǵ3˰
İ򴽾΢΢һЦ
֪ǲӣĴƻ֮£ܾİϵ飬͸һ˿С⡣

ʱ򣬺Ҳˡ
ŸոսӣȲܳ˵ˣԺҪһСܻܵСˡ
ʵ֪ġصǰԺ鷿ʱ򣬾Ѿ֪ˡ
ԲȲĻԺ￴
һʱܸ˵ض磬ԺҲСˡ
˶٣ؾͳס͵ӣСܻܵСãòã
СԴĵǡ
ƵʱҪСܵܺСõˡ
Ȳ˵ߣȥƶȥ־סõС֡
˼Ȼͣ˽ŲͷվڲԶİػ˻֣Сؾ͵磬ȱߡ


410 

ֵĵſڣͰ˵
ȥƺҪӣǲ˵ʲô궼ֻǳĴӦţá
һ̧ͷź;һЦ¶һС
ֻôһ£꣬ˡ
̸ֹͣˣֻİ
ͻûסõС֣Ѿ˽ȥȥͳ嵽˴ǰڸǰתһȦȣȻ͵ԺСܻܵСóˣչˡ
ӣЦôչأ
СվԭأӹתһȦͺܻľִһ㣬ԣһửƯѣ巿
İԱҲЦˡ
ʱ򣬶ȸ飬һתͷź͵ʱЦһЩչΣ
ǰ鷿ľһ顣
İһһ΢΢ͷ
ƵĲࣺϾûãСǵĻûջء
˭˼ܺúϿѽ
ôʱÿֹڼ䣬ʵҲδܰٷְٳ
ܰѲõĿҵȫϣѾˡ

ΪรУʱСŷĲ˵Ҫеˡ
ӣһϲԳĲʽһҲİ΢
öˮźϴԡȥ˰ȥɽ·մϵĳһɾصѡ
ӣˬˬһӣͿһڵĲѾںˡ
һҲͦģϸҲɿڣҲɿڣֱƽʱﰮԵĺöණͲˡ
İѾӱˣ˱ֱӣȥĵķˣԼֵϴԡʱ䲻˹Ѫ
ӣҶֱ˵
ôЩˣϰͻζ˵̡һƫƫ˵Ļġ
ðɣĺ«ֵķϣҲֻˣ

ӣеϢܿʹԺ
һΣᶼ᲻ˡ
ˡ
ӳ⸮û֮ˡ
Ҳ˵Ϣ֮ܵĸˡ
֪նร飬ʮָӡ
ΪŮӦվรĶ档
Ǵ뵽ԼСʱรÿÿԼЦݣͱᡣ
Σûȥร
ġǸܸ˴ůѽ

ʱ򣬴һݻ͵˸ǰŮТ˳ġ
캮ضʱڣݻҲѵãͷһյֽ˹
ˣͰһȻԱߣģ˵ֱҴ¡
ţ⻹ǹʱ򣬽֮İԵʱ򣬴֪ġ
ʵϸ˵ֱҵŮȴ곤ꡣ
֮ôľͶ˻£ҲΪѡ⡣
ȶżңȵԺټ޹ȥ
ֱҵŮЩӡ󡪡Ȼ󣬵ǳֶգü۶ûһŴƯġ
˵ǸŮ޺͡ˡմϰϵ
ԣֳٶɡ˵Լżңǹﻹɵء
һ㶼֪ߣ
ûϵ˼к̨
ţЩˡ
£ˣϧãЩ˵õϧ
ͷţɵؾ뵽Լϡ˳ȥ޵һȫİļͥ
ԼվȽŸ
ǡ
ʵûסίľ͸ˣ˼İлдѺ˼ҵʱ򣬸һ
ͲûŸ䷢ˣԼ޵úˣضͷһ𣬺úТ˳
ȻСȴԼԼһһ飬㲻ָһЩ棬ƾʲôҪ
ѺôԼô
Ŵڿ˵ԺҪТ˳Լ֪˵ʲôˡ
֪⺢˼ЩҲû뵽ѾˡŶһСƨѾΪԼδıˡ
㡭һʱ
ǡôģ¶һ˿ŮҵĽߣ߹ĸϣŮҲֻôһ˵һȫķԸ
ĸôһ˲䣬ԺȻ֪Ϊʲôͻһ˿ͷȫķԸ
ɣȥȥ
ɵĸǿûʲôģеš
͢ټ˹ȥ׵ģҡƩŮһࡣ


411 ˵

ôţŴҲ͸һ˿ͳ
ʶһ˿΢̾ͱ죬µ飬תˡ
ҲΪĻתٶ֮죬ˡ
һϻ۵ŮȻϲģһڴϻۣʱʱ̶̿ڹ۲˼Ůûôϲˡ

ڶǽ밲ӡ
رŮźϴ֮󣬴ǱҲ׼ˡ
ſյӴ˽һһͶڵשϣһƬ߲ĹӰ
ȻţҲиܵһ˿⡣
һȥء
ЩĻͷžԼеͷװ󸾣Ȼȥòʹǰû̫
ǸԼף²ˣʱôһһʹȥϣŮӵü۽ǡ
վǲһˡ
㯣Ѿ֦չ˽ÿһܽԴ˵һѵõĻᡣ
ϲȥ͹
ϲ˻ᣬĸġˡ
֪ΪʲôһĴӣڳ˼ַС
Щ
ǣл˵Żͯ仪ȴյȾ˼
׻Ҫиӵġ롣
иӣŲա
⺢Ӻ˼ȫһ

ӣΪУȻȻıȥ밲
Ըµȥİ˵˵ԼǴˣҪڼչ˶
İžˣչʲôأ
գգ۾ȵؾͻشף￴ҾͿġҪǵȥˣҵġö￪ġҲһ֡չˡǷ̶ūǶ˵ġչˡ
İȻһüЦЦ۰СԴԼã㡣

Ŵ񡢶ȥˡ
ȵſĶԶܹ֮ȥӣ˵ýȥ͹ˣŶ
ӣпڴͷ÷ͿŮһվԼǰ͸Сһ˵һ顣
һ˵һԺšңı顣
ӣӾЦ
ŮˣԸȥ˼⣬ʧףжǷǡ
һ˵ˡ
ⶼǳɳ
ڶԼһ÷һڣû³
һСһţôᣡôܳԵȥģ𣿡
ӣͷ÷ӣ⻹ðɡ
ӣߣֳŴأ˻һ˫СȣŸղڰǰоݣ׻ǵ⡣
ӣˣҲҪһºӣŮڵΡ
һֳɣ˵˵ĶܺáӣŮĺģԼ§§ȸ˳ֵĿ϶
ٺٵЦţֻֻǰüŪ۵ĻһֻС
ӣ˶٣ž͵ǣҲҪһ£֮˵꣬ҲΪ۰Ů
ǻˣδˡ
ϵЦȻֹһȻ
ȻӣĻѳֱСӣͷͿʼ˼֮С
һᣬץץףеյظ̾˵öԣ
ӣ۰صͷٵȻ˵ĸӣȫһƬȻ֮ġһƬ۰ҲҪסҪȻҪϧ
ص˵ͷҼסˣ
˶٣չȥӣ߾ҲҪϧĺõˣ

Ͻ
ʼڹߵʱ򣬾һعţۿ͹ľѾԽԽҲԽԽˡ
ϻ¶֪ﻹ֪֪
İӣ˵׼ᰴϢһӣٱϲҲ١
ôһ˿ңǰš
ͶԱ߸š
һһ߾̲סתͷΧãգϽǵĺǽߣεĻӳ£Եøƻֺꡣ
ã
ĬĬָ߬Ȩơ֣õĶ
Ŭֻôһ㣬ٿ˵ɫˡ
Сĸϣɫܹˡ

͹ǰһɾװ꣬ɨĹǶ·͹ʱٶȣԶǱһĵġ
ÿε͹ǰ;ԼĶ˲
˶ùǽȥˡ
һǳ븣Сǽȥˡ
ϲ˯ӣһҪױ磬ʱ͹Ƿ죬ͷԵؽ͹ȥˡ


412 һ֮

֪ˡոֱ˵ĸ׳仰
ĸʱͲ֪˵ʲôˡ
ڵǰϣֻԼӶˡ
ĸúһֱ񣬶ûΪһŮΪӵոĹʧְ
ͬʱĸ־ú᣺ܹӶػİĺӣΪİѾר֮ˡ
еĳ谮ͰעϡôϺӣ˳µ
ûж˵ʲôֻǰοĸһ䡰ԵĪˡ
ϴԴ棬⻰޳ˡ
ǰ̾һЩ
̬ȡǲǶѾκϣأ
ùϲһ߽ӹһ߾ɨһԱߵĴͶ
űһ˫С֣ں͵СĲֺ
˶ϻˡ
죬СͼüŪ۵С
Сҡβ̧ͣͷǰСŮԾԾˡ
ںͶˣء
ǰйһͦ¹ǰСС̹
ȵģצûг֡
ҲصģĶˣ
Ҳڣն˼ȫӦϣܲߡ
񳹵׷ŷˣСԡ
ǿšСôȥſˡίʵǲ
ҲŮ˵ӹʶҪҪ
ҪȻҪ
ͷԵľһѰѵӱˡ
Ŷ⻭磬һ΢΢ЦЦ
Ȼתͷȥ
òһߣ߬ӣ΢΢ǰ㣬һĺĵӡ
һϵĿ⣬ͷаضŵ¶һЦݡ
ߵʱ򣬵ĸŮһֱߵſڡ
ȻͰĸסˡ
ĸΪʲôʲôҪҪԸ͹ˡ
ϸһ˿ޡ׽͸Ц⣬ļҵģżһ֮

İظʱΪ˶Ҫϧ۰ĽǺСŸ㣬ȥǰԺ鷿ˡ
СǶص˸רŴġͿƯˣ滹˷ɫĺᡣ
ϲ
İںſ鷿˵ŴյýģҲ֪˵ʲôС֣ԺתһȦ
İ飬ΧūҲֻЦСظ˵Ҫȥүٵһȣһͺˡ
룬Ӿȥˡ
ǱںͰˤӣһȺūΧΧţ˻ͷһ˹ˣҪ밲Ͻһָ̧ʾ⣺Ǳ
Сһ̫󣬾ͰԼεһʵʵ
Ȼʹ̫౳Դй۲졣
ͺͶһͷĺ
һˤţһĬĬŰϴѧʽ
дʣϴ˵Ҫ㣬ȻһĨͷϵĺŰʹʹȫã
ɫһ࣬ϾͲˡ
ʽһֱӱˤ˵ϡҺˤòء
ΧūŶһСӸϽǰȥҪѺͷǰѾǰȥˡ
վļ޵ܺãʹȫʲô
Ȼ˶پ͵
ƽ϶ı飬ʱȴ¶Ϊѡ
̧ͷźͣһȷҪı顣
ʹӱӰ£ֱһˤʽŰ͵
һαһθˣжûֱһоͽͰ˵ϡ
̫ʱʵ̲סˣС죬Ц˳
ЦۣһӾͲ׽ˣһͷͷþȻһ͵͵
Цôģ
ЦˣԼ׸硪ܶµؾСȣ˹ȥ˺ǰȥ磡
ԼֳŵվСæظʮѣĳ
ԼҲֻӣҪ˵ͿѾܵ˰ǰͷľ磬ȫ𣿿ˤ𣿡
ԭء
Ӧ֮󣺺Ŷ˭׸磡(????p)
΢򣬴ۿǰƯɰСŮ͵лģūŵ޷
˵꣬ûˡ
һ˳ĬԵӣҲϰΪʧ
һžµСЦسŰ˸תȴȻڱʵΣ˰գ


413 

񱳶Ű۾ɴˡתһ䡰¡Ѿ嵽ߣȴֶ˶٣صѽ
ǰСŮüСԴü΢
촽۽΢
˶٣Ȼ̧ͷһ䣺ǣаڣҾͲˡ
̧ͷŰ۾գգ˵Ρ
ڱ󣺡粻Ụ
ըˣ
ǰȥ־ͰһѸ˻ܲȥ£ģҰİɣ
񱻸ôһѣ뵽ŵĸӡ
ϽתİǱܹȥˡ
Сȣոյŵŵŵܵ鷿ǰþײʢһ˳ŷɫЩڸѧʿ
վں棬ؾʢƺһһˡسƺš
ˣ
ûƺء
ңŸղǸ˵ıӰƺҲǸͷӣĺܡ
վԭأץץףһЦ͵ˣˣ
ϲ⣬Ŵ
˺óʱ䣬ѾЩˣ߽鷿ŵľߵ˸ǰ
İոڶϵһų˼
ʵ̫ͶˣСȻŮûз
ú˼ϢվԭأƴЦ뿴Ҫ೤ʱܷԼ
˺һİһ̧ͷȻͿŮԼǰ
һ顣
һֻ̧СֽǰҲ밲͵
İ̲סЦˡ
Цˣľǰ˹ȥƹֱӰס׵ϥǣ꣡꣡
İ־ͰбԽԽˣ
ˣնƽʱĽİ͵һл
Ů˵˼仰ʢ鷿ſڵү
İŮСԴ
ʢ˵ԼѾ˸ˡ
Ȼ˵˼仰Ǹת˵ġ
⼸仰ʵ̫Сȫˡ
İϣŤͷŸЦ֣еˣˣ
İȴûЦֻ۹Ŵĳطһ˼ģ

һѾ˲ŵʱ
Լĸ˳СȻÿǲ£ּһʳС
һ͸ϽװʳеģԵڣһҿӻð
˵ġ
ϴ֣־һèצצ״޻⣬̧֣Сţǰͣ޻⡪ģ
İһȸЦݣСŮֳ˸㣬Ȼ󡭡û³
ǰεˣ̵˸оһδİӡ
ŬȥΪ棬İ绹㱻ҭˡ
ʢվһߡ
ӸղİԵһڸʱͿô¶ˡ
ʢϽؾͰѲˮһյǰ
İһյ㻺˹
ɵվԭأʢеĲˮ̧ͷлʣһ޻⡣
ССģһ̽˼棬СͿͰ͵ʰ꣺꣬óô
İŬسŮЦЦ佱ζ治
ܸ˵ľЦˡ
뵽˵ĻСճȭͷ̧ͷ͸̬꣬Ů޻⣬Т꣡
İںȲˮ⻰ûһˮǺɤ
²յŮ͵ߣһ
ţҲˡ
ӣԺŮһܹȥʮа˾ŻᱻͻСŷ׼
ȻĶľˡ
ӣȥӭӣͿİסСִ֣ںͼϡһ·һ˵һ߸߸˵ߡ
ʵ̫ܰˡ
ӣϲɵҲ¶Цݣǰȥ׼ӭǣİһ̧ͷȻ̨ˡ
Ͻǰȥһ֣סˣСģ
ڸĸм䣬ֵؽӣŮͽСӰˡ
ϣ߸˵˵Իʲôˤ˰磬ˤ˺üӡ
Աţͷ˿ӣȥŷЦݺι㣡
Ȼɷ˵أͰһ׷

ţڶﲻߡ
ԸߣֻҪİ粻вӳӣҲӲŮȥ
ĸǺ顣
Ƕ˵ܹҲΪĸ˺㹻ĹĺͰȫС
ڴȥһ͵찢鷿˸ˣ


414 ǧպ

⻰˵ľɶͷˡ
ˣʲôˣӣЦžʵﻹΪĸŷ½ĳӣó㡣
תһ룬Щ׹ˡİ鷿
⣬ꡭ
ӣ˼һ£ϵЦ΢΢ûղôˡ
İԱߣһڿ⻰ھ͵ˣǡˡ
ӣͨһ
Ң
Ңʱճˡ
ǵʷϵҢٵ־ޡ
ʱҲ̫˰ɡ
ƺҢһֱʮĴѲΪ⽮
ǿʮ꣬뿵ʮҲͻʱˡ
Ңʱ򣬽İߣҲ˵ͨ
ӣȻôţǿȴ˵ϾֻһӲรƽҲֻڻӸլԺ
Ңֱİ硭
ӣôţ;ٶʡ
ǰԺ鷿˹Ҳ˲٣ͷʶӱˡ

ΪӣУİ˯µʱҲСġסĶӡ
Ȼʲô
ӣʱ룬뵽˴ǰ컨һӡؿռ˵˵˵ܵܡ
ѵԼ
ǸС磬ôѾкˣˡ
ʷϵǬ¡
СǬ¡ĸʱջ
ӣİߣһַֻڶϻţһ߾ĬĬ¡
ʲô˯İһ˱Ӿ͸¸ˣȻӣ
ӣСصһ̥֪ǸС磬ǸСء
İ뻳ͷͷŵֻҪĺӣүϲ
һ˵һ߾֣ĦŶӡ
İĶᣬӣۣ˯˹ȥ
İȴû˯ͷŻӣ˯գãƤһǡ

ӣһ˯˴ʱİ綼Ѿ˽ʱˡ
ϸ룬ģģЩ䡪ƺҹĵӵʱİ
ʱ۾ͱİ簴ס˼غú˯㣬
źѡϴױ
ӣױ̨ǰͿԼƺ΢΢Щס
Ͼи
һʽ̾˿Ķ׹Ӹһ״һЩĶ׹
δһ㣬ŻеСһЩ
ȵױˣûϵİǰԺ鷿ʹˡ˵ǹġ
ǽڣӣƣһ͹ʹͣˡ
ǵ֪ϲţ͹ġ
ʹ쳣ĻʢеļֱЩݼˡ
ӣţ΢΢Щ֣ⲻǵĻ簡
Ȼ˷лһֻĻƿ涼ǰպĻͼ
⣬һƥƥҲǰպͼ
ӣΪһϵУͺƷļΧͬһ⡣
ǺϸһƣŷֲǵġصرŽȥġ
պֻʵϽʹ͵ĸִ֮ĻУ
ӣ֪ôģȻ뵽һ仰ǧպãްպ졣
ʱƣһա
Щȵİʱӣ׽ӣСһ¶
ûᵽպ졣
İ絹˿Ϊ⣬һӾ͵ϲ£ǱȻˡ
ӣеΣߣţԼˡ
ԸԼˡ
İ翴ͷ˵ЩصӣǱЩɵ˵
˵˵ţ뵽¶ʢȥǰ鷿ͼֽˡ
ͼֽһСԺӣӣסٴһŲֺǾ磬ֹ;ķҲ滮ľ
Ȼǻһ˼ġ
ϲϲİ翴۾ᶼڻ˴ˮ

ϲӣ˼ؾ͵˵ͷ
Ժ˭ܲϲ
ǣ漴Ͷİһ⣺үǺԺﻹĵط
ܲܰѱ˵ԺӸ˰ɣ
˵İӣпܸɳ¡
İգŽ͵ԭƻԺúһ
һǽԺＸһֱĬĬŵĸǣǨӵƫƧĽȥ
ҪǰԺ鷿ӣԺ֮ߵˣֱΪԺӵһ֡
ҪǨֲӣϲľݹȥԺӡ
ӣžĿ࣬ѿڶүǸ󹤳̣
İ΢΢һЦոȥģҲûС
˶٣Ҳδǰ㷱ӣֻ㻳Уľ֮үְ¡


415 

˼գһպʹӹ磬ӣֱ˵кöá
ܳԭǹС
ͦˣԼŶܽȥˡ
˼㣬ӣ뵽鷿Ң飬ǱѶһߣС˼䡣
¿еĸ㣬ŵ鷿˶࣬һλˡ
˶٣ͰԼ֪˵һ¡ԭλˣ˵ڿʮʱͿ˽ʿ
뺲Ժ
ʱڣǡǺֲڸ󡱣λˣν;һƬ˳
ȥ꣬Ҳǿʮʱ˵ְԺ֡
ӣһţһ߹λү˾Ųʮ϶Ңˡ
ҢҲĹٳģ˵ǺԺ˺Щꡣ
Сž˵ˣǺԣʵ̲ס͵˵ʲôͷΪʲôһᵽĺܣ
ӣʶԼϵı顣
ŶӾЦЦʵҲʲôһʣЩԭίģڻ㣬ȵ꣬ԼҲ֪ˡ
һµĵ˵ͷ漴ܿͽ׷ǹʵ˸׵˾ˡ

Ӻܿ쵽˴ӣΪҲͲô԰ȥˡ
ǣʹԼһĶֵصСҲܵ˴ġСߴߴطȥ֦ͷų۵ɫ
΢ǳĻ㡪Ǵζ
һ˳ϣʱڡ
ͬһСһ㣬кҲһЩ
ȻȺSһЩȴ͸࣬кվһˢˢһߡ
รҲʱʶ˺Sܲʲô
ЩšЩ飬ѵ
תһ룬รЩӵּдһ˿⡪İȻΪʲôܡ֮֮
Уͼдһ˿Ŀеġ
СӴǰรΨǴӣһϵء
รãҪСӵͷСӶ˫ַϣֻ᲻ᱻѪմۡ
еʱรĬĬţ˶ౡʵСġҲһѵõġ
ϧʵ̫мۺúÿ
ûС
뱾รԶ㡣һγСӽ͵ģรؾͶ
СסˡӦ֮ٿؾ͹ˣȥסร֡
รذָ˦ˣĴŬŬ죺㲻Ҫˣ
Ժź԰С˵׼˱ʱܹ
СӹڵϣҧΣһصรūŵ
˵վ۹ȥһ߬סรԼǰ͵һรʲô˼ְūŵʲô
รһģֻԺСˡһȫѪҺ嵽Ժ
֪Сӵ󣬵֪󵨳
ǸӣҪһȥ
ҹԶ㣡รݺݵ͵ˡ
ֱ޿ˡ
ıڱǽϣһ˫Ư۾Сӣֱ̧ڷˣһ˿Ϳ־壺һʼ˵õĿɲ
СͷЦȴ͸ıū֮ǰҲû뵽

ΪĸSںĸζԴԼ
ĻʧΪһιϵ֮УԶԷڴ
ȵİĪʱ򣬶ԷΪκβˡ
SãԼĸ׵ĸӹϵˡ
ҲΪأЩңԼ߳һִ
ԼԴһ˵ĽǶȣµĻͷһʹĸӹϵ
ҵĴġ
SĬĬ
Ժ󣬺SؾЩõͷˡڹ鷿
ʲô⣬¸ҵȥŻش
һʼʱЩٶΧֵǲ۹ͱĳЦ
ǣأԽԽĿ佱֮УЦԽԽСˡ
Sزŷ֣ԭԼҲǿġ
ԭһЩǵצѪͻѪ⡢Ƥ
Ȼ̽ͷ

İҲܵ˳ı仯S⺢ӱøһЩҲŬһЩԼ
ȻŬԵʮӲ
ΣŬˡ

SСǰ˫ƺʮǰׯϵ񣬿о૵صСƮӣγѣǰǲþ


416 Ůѡ

СƮԱߣ׵ĺS˵Ļһʱ䶼֪ôˡ
ֻϥǰ΢΢סS⣬аο󰢸ſģ
Şͷһۣ漴תͷȥе񣬵ҪʲôʱҲԼԼǰ̣
СƮԱߣͷһ
ǰСɨ˺Щͷİиַ𾭣СƮҲ˲ٷ
ŵӱSֻҪ󰢸롪񣬱Ǵ˿̣ӵ£

ıոԺӣӹܰ
һʼĽ׶Σ˴ؾͲô׷ˣθҲÿܳ˯
İ翴ӣǷ
ʹˣ̫ҽ״򲻶ĶҪıոร
˶ܵʢ衣
İΪ˺ӣģʱʱıһЩơ
ʵöණӣִԽ˵Сƺ𡭡
Ƕʱ˵Ǻѵõˡ
İ⣬ӣҲˮֱİ簲˲żܷȻЩһȥ
ӣֱİ϶ΪԼ뿴ô࣡
ֱ
ͺ񶼺ܸȤǱһԶ֣Ȼˡ
ֻſԶ磬ܽˡūΧߣһĵ֣һСˤ
úܿġ
ˣŰԶûȥ͡
ĥһ£ⶫǺ档
ٺ桪ҲǸ
֮ѡ
Ҫִ̫ǾͲ涫ˡ
Ƕˡ

Ű̥ҩ߽İӹȥιӣҩ
ӣֺˣ΢΢üͷİ磬ࡣ
İ͹ȥ۽ˡ
ӣԼ챻˳ûˡ
ʱӻûԻǴӺ濴Կˡ
Ǳߣİӣ밲ֻ˵Ϻú̥Ĺӣ˭һŲš
û⣬Ҳ׼Ե޹ʵذϸߡ
⸮ѹסӣģҲֻиˡ
ԣİ仰˵˭ġﶼ
˵ί
ʲôˣ巣ˣǸҩˣ
İҪô
Ц
˵ҲкʲôµĻͺҲվ˰ɣ
ΪİһĽᣬֻúİദԽҡ
˵˴ǰྴڼֱྴ
ǴﺮĹǵ֡
ۿźİ֮ĹϵӪҲЩˡ
ȥ;˺ˡ
οİԵضֱһ㡰ҪҪȥҷ󻶡뷨ĥˡ
ϽһϢŮѡʼ
ǿʮѡ㡣
˳γ˹أ˼ңʮʮŮӣμÿһεŮѡ
ѡеģڹźӣΪɣ򱻴͸
Ҫѡ飬ͻͻ
Ȼ뵽֮ǰ죬͹ʱ򣬵ϹζЦݣ˵Ǿ䡰һ֮
ǵ˵ġһ֮ô
ֻǸɣȻŮѡ
ǣϾİʮİĸˣۿûг谮
еġ
ǵѡʣµŮָһİ縮Ҳ˵׼顣
ôţסؿڣһʱͲ֪ǻǸˡ
ΣǷľչȥڱոһ֮ء
һѡܹһ˵ĻǾͺñһӽһβ㡣
˵׼ף¸ı֡
а취ǣոĴںõöࡣ
ԽԽѾʧ裬ڸﲻǰ⣬ร󳾵ģ

ϣİӣԺӡ
ƽʱ֮ͬЩࡣ
ӣΪǳ֮ϳʲô飬СԸԼȥ档
泳µġ
ܹԵؾͻȥˣӣİɫʵôˣȻ־ͱİסˡ
£Ůѡ
ӣʼûӦ֮վԭأסˡ
Ͳˡ
İ¿¾۵Ĳˡ
һ־Ͱӵġ
ӣӺᡣ
ֱסİϣ嵭ĳˮ͵ү


417 

İ翴۶ۡ
ս֣һ£ģ
˶֪⡰ᡱָʲôû˿˵
İӣһֱߵݣڴ£ӣͷĬעԼװϵĻơ
ӴԽһӣֻҪʱգľ޷ġ
οǰ˻ǻӡ
ܶռסİ硣
ǵһ¡
ӣԼҲû뵽İר֮裬ȻһôЩꡣ
ʵЩ꣬Ҳûйѡ㣬ǶûѰ֡
һΣİȻ˵ѡ¡
ʣʮа˾ǿʦ˼ˡ

Űϴһܴ춯˶
ɿɰشſڰСԴ̽˽İһЦ꣬ҺСأ
ԭղײŰϵ
ЦСƨϴһƣһһǰȻͿɫࡣ
ʶʱΪܡһѾһֻСŽֲ˳ȥ
һϣΪ˰οӣİ缸ҹ

ڶϣԺӣ֮˹ȥ밲ʱ򣬸ԺͰ·ҪŮѡ˵һ顣
Ǹ¡ˣһɫб仯Ļ̡
รһߣصѡ㣬ÿһΣǹҲýһǱոָˡ
ǺһĵãλѼӲء
Ҳ֪ɪʲôսյĹ⾰ϻκεɪʱ
е˵˼仰ؿڿԣһӣ˼䣬е˵ԺҪҸҽơ
Ͻվлˡ

ϣӵĹأİǸԺġ
İ絹ҲǲոӡֻǺ͸棬ޱ֮󣬾ЪԱߵȥˡ
˵ܣ˵ϼ仰ѵúܡ
ۿţİ綥һſޱؽӹūǵĸɾֽӣ죬Ȼ׼뿪
żˣվںһ⣬뾡İ˵䡣
Ȼһ֪ôľͳѡ顣
İĮûһۣ˵긮ﲻؽˡ
һҪ
Ǻ˸ţһʱվԭض֪˵ʲôá
ȵİ鷿󣬸ԼĬĬ¡
ԽԽᡪİ̬ȣȻ˽ġ
ûӣȻΪز
ʶûˣֻʣ޾Ľ

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͹ǰ΢İһ·߽ȥصūŹŸ밲
ĸİǰӸ밲
⼸һЩȴԽԵݹҲӣֱ˵ؾ͵ʰˡ
İһ̧ͷ
ֹ̧סĻ֪۸λʰ˼˵δ㿪ڣҲǳˡ˵ˣЩˣ֦ɢҶǺ¡ȻǴ²ֻƾһϲЩҲԭǲ˵ġ
İ΢΢ָ߬ٵؾ͵Ѿк͡Sֵ֮䣬˵ϲ㣬Ҳˣʰαؼһʱ
һЦüһæʵ˵⡮࡯ָϰ˰ɣ
İ΢΢촽û˵
˰絽ڣҪ˵ˣĺҲٵÿ
ʰˣȫˣ
·ǿ룬ٲߵ£Ŵһ̾СรǸиģѵġ
İû˵ֻ΢΢ͷ˵͡
һܰΧơ
ɨطGۣŵ۾һ㱦ԼҸҲͰˡǹգǻʰ¶Ϊ˻ʰ꣬ûʢ裬Ǻ
İɫһݡ
߹ָİϣ̾̾طG֪СϾûڶߣŶ㲻Ȼʺǰ׽Ҫס
˶٣˸жֿصΣ㶼Ƕ׹Ⱑ㣬һẦ㣡
İ绺̧ͷ
۾Ͻһӣʲô˺ûνư뺨ʱԽ䰮һˣԽòغڷ˼⡣ǻʰվΪ˸ϣʰĻˣûʰô룬ֻ


418 ͹Ȱ˵

İŵ
İ֪ǺǸƯ˶ȷۡ
˵˶٣̧ͷѡ֮ʱȰŻʰ꣬һЩˣҲӺŮ϶ϲڳʲôˣˣҲصˡطG㿴Σ
İû˵
סİĸ첲̾һ㣬Ǿȫˡ
İŵߵһ߲谸£ȰŵʥⲻΥŮֻǸ裬ӽһȥˣһŮӣڲʲôûӸѵȱһڷ
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ֱѹסļ΢΢ɫֻһ䡪벻뻤ȫ
ûİ˵̾һͼ͹ֻ˵Ǹʰ꿴ģСรȻǱס˵ģ
طG谮ѵͲΪЩôֻ۰ȴ˿֪ѴŮӣֺαһˣձɱúý̵̵һ˵ͨġ
İٿվ͵
յ΢΢һЦŵ˵Цġ
İٲ˵ݶӻȥһ룬ˡ
˵ͷȥɣȥúһ룡ܵһİ֮ߣδĸֻ²⡣˵Щȫ֮ˡ

ӣԺ
СŷִžСԲӡ
รǲҪ̫ţǸүƼˣǵðūŵƤ˲ɣ
ʿԱߣһֶŹһ߾СȰŵ
ӣ˿ʣµŴ׷ۣҡҡͷôɣʣµҲôˡ
ʿһллصı飬Ͷ裬öߵһߣ׼Բڹȥ
ӣԼһֵۣŷһֱվԱߣҡҡӣʲô
ӣ͵ػعʲôҲû˵ֻŮСԴ
ܵĵؿһȻĵſļͷСؾ͵ǲǺͰֱŤˣ
ӣŮɰСҡҡͷС
ܿ죬ľСԲѾˡ
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ʱ͹˵ҪȥǰԺ鷿Ҹ硣
ӣﺢЩڣû˯ãҲûʲô˵ˣǱȥˡ
ֳ˳ѽǣūǣ׵鷿ȥˡ
鷿ոջʱƵãûҲû
İ־ʾԼߡ
һ̬ûܹȥŽŲߵߡ
İͿŮһ۵Сϣʱѵһ顣
΢ЦŵģʱͰеıɽһãתסС֣ģôˣ
һ˵һ߾֣ҪŮһͷ޵Ķ鷢
С֣΢΢һǰһ㣬þͰԼС°͸˸׵С
ǡ顱ˡ
İŮСȻŮ֮ͨ͵ǲǶʲô£
۾գҲգĶŮ
ص˵ͷ͵ﲻģ¡ﲻҡ
ཱུգֻС־ٸˣһ£һս᣺Һܵģ
İžͿסˣסˣȰԼǰ򵥴һ£ȻʹȥӣԺˡ
Ժſڣ˰Ĵ֣СȾ̨ܣһܣһߴҰѰˣ
ӣббпڴͷöһһߵķСǶ
ʵ巿ҲǸӵĶԼġ
³һͳһˣӶƷ
ˡ
ŮĺӣҪͿӱǰ棬İں˽
һӣ͹ˣڴ£Ҫ˵Ѿܵöǰ־öʾöߡ
ö˳ȥ˲ʱʣӣİˡ
ӣİѻ
İס󣺡㲻Щū
ӣվǰЦ͵á
İ翴޳˻Ҫװµӡ
۵òС


419 氮

ӣ
İսӣְ֣Լǰ
һʱֻ̾ȴʲôĻ˵ˡ
ѻʰҪָŮ˵һ顣
ӣ˺ܾòү֪һ綼ġ
˶٣صûϵġ
İͷͷסĶͷֲɿԽԽ
һʱھεòС氮һ˵ʱ򣬾ͻŰеΨһˡ
ֻǲһһò
ͷΣİ͸Ρ˿úαˣ
ԼҲν
氮ġ

ϣӣ˯֮İԼһյ裬ĵƻĬȻһȻͰʢˡ
ȥǰ鷿Լûûдٸ
ͳͳ
Ŀʢһһ߾룺ô࣡
үҪһҹˡ
Ȼǻǰ鷿ȥأҲ˯ˣȥ顪Ҹ鼮ʱǸӷ㣿
İȻû˼
ʢóǲรҪ
˯š
ôǽҲԸ⡣
ʢȥ·ϣһүรݳģһ߾͸пҡͷ
ܰİԶò
ҹĵҵӣӣ˹
Ϊϱİ˯磬ϻеˣҹ׾ѣӣ۾ɫ
ֵصöϽ͸һյİĵƻ
İѾˣ׼һٻǰ鷿ȡЩȻֱӾͽˡ
涯Ҳûϵӣôˡ
ô˯һİһƣ̤˽ӣߣԱߵչ¡
ǵѵô磬ǲﲻ̽̽Ķͷ
ѶǸˬģû麹
İŷסӣ֣ò񻰣ү棬ӣҪ¡
ӣղ˯ԺģЩ״̬İ⻰ֻǵͷ
İָͷοЦЦͿӣƤ΢΢סֻҹ͵͵ڱˡ
İЦˡ
öԱߣϽæҵذԱߵһʰ̣˸񣬵ųȥˡ
İӣ֣
ӣ˵ͷСصûԵʲô
ƿ´ͱİ簴ס˼᣺͵
ڴϳ緹ˡ
İһȥö
ŮǶϴͭ裬ôڴرߣźӣϴڣŽŶ˽
İԱߣӣһСһСڵسˣȻ뵽˵˵Щ벻뻤סİ֮ȫ
ĬĬ֣ôָָȥӣǱߵһŴףЩ㡣
ӣ˵ˡҡ֣ﶯ˶̧ͷİһۣŵ˵ͷͷҨࡣ
İԱĬĬţͿӣȻͷ࣬ǺȻ۾һգһκܴ͹

һʣ޵һ˿ûС
İĶˣ

ûգڻڿǰʱ򣬿Ȼᵽ˽ѡ㣬Ҫ˵Ļ⡣
Ƕܸˣ尢硢˰磬İ硣
尢絹Ҳǲˣֻɫû̫ĲƺҲɣҲɡ
ͺܷ
˰絹żˣǰͶԻʰ˵Լﲻȱ񣬲รһҲá
żˣȻһҲáĻҲֱ˵˳
ΧİǶʱ֮伷üŪۣһЦ
棬ҲЦˡͺñȺԺܽٸˣиƵġ
ʲôйأรһ
ָ񡣡룬԰˰
รҪ֮ûưɣ
˭֪˰һʱ͸żˣ˵Լֻûʰ겼õԵ飬һûж롣
Ű硢ʮվԱߣŰ˰еż
ʮİСʱЩ಻סˣǰ̲סͱͱ˰米󣬴˸磬
⻰һ˵ʱϾû֨ˡ
ղŻЦİǶЦ⣬СĹ۲Ÿϵɫ
ϵҲ˼֡
ϰ¹ϣ³
Ц¾޼ҵܱŮס˲ɣ
˵ոˣոΣ
ոڻʰǰҲūţ
İԱ߿ţӲؿŻʰһ
˰粻ˣæҶͼѻĲรϡ
ǻǶóԣʰѾŨīزʵذѹϸˡ
İԱߣһֻŶѾ̤ȥˣǵڶ
Խ䰮һˣԽòغڷ˼⣡


420 «

ûãʮŮѡȵĻ
ɺŮǣԼ⳵ϣ³
ȻɣĴ̫Ǵ룬һֱ˳ǰ롣
һŮվ˳ǰ̧ͷΡĻʳǡ
ϵı鶼ͬг־緢ԾԾԵģҲ۵ǣƼġ
Ʒť»֮Ůť»վȺ֮С
ɫ㲻ƯҲɾһɫװڻ֦չŮ֮ԵùڼЩ
ǽ²ŵĻЬ㻪һֱӽ˶ѾͲˡ
ŮڶȻͷĹôҸһߣͽŮѡ֮أеһֵɸѡ
ť»ĬĬѾ׼õĺɰɰѾ˺ܾãΪ֪ĸڻҪĹˣҪʱ׼ŵġ
ɰĳ϶ѾմȾһ㺹

ϸĳѡ֮ΧŮǶݾӴ㹬Źѧϰأȴպѡ
Ϊͬ˳ѡЩϧ֮У⼸УвŮ˽͵͵ݳ˽á
ֵĲ񻰣鹸߹Ůǽȥʻ
ȻЩĻʰǵĸ
Ϊ֪һүҪΪѡˣҲвî˾ģֻΪԼġ
Ҫ˲ܺģαǱļźá

պť»ϱָĻطG
Ϊıո븮ĸ
һŮҲһָطGƣü˳۵ڱϲһ䣬˵İ绹ᣬŬΪʰǡǰ̵ʱ򣬴ԺָҲ١
Ǳˡ

ıոҲذ˵סźˡ
ǰԺ紦ԶһССݡ
ݱǽﺢõģ깤˺ü꣬ͺSϲȥݾȫȫسá
ð˰ʵٺʲˡһİ鷿ȥ㣬ҲܵȥԺӵ·
İһüͷ;ܾˣøԶȥȥǼһס
вʣСͼ˵İ磺˵ǱϾǲŸոѡŮǻʰ͵һеˣ
ôֱӰ˸ȥ
ѹ˵˼
⡰һӣһӡ
˵ˣǹʹ͸ʲô÷ڲżϣ漸սⷿأ
İø£ֻһ䡪˵ԺŮӣĸǾʰͬģϸտʼҲһסƫƧСԺ
ڶֿʼȽˡ
Ͱĥţү˼Ī˵ť»Ҳ͵һ㡣
һһͷܶ

˽죬İֻйµȥּл
ȻøģԸȥٰˡ
ϣŲյĵʲô
ֲȢť»ϣ
ͷť»ϡť»Ϲ棬һ˳ܵӡ
รڸλãд֪ĳŤ«
ѾͷģҲ̫ƽЩֱȸԺߵĴŮò˶ȥ
ֻһ˫۾¶ĳţʵԶԶĳеȡ
ԵЩرˡ
ټϣһŮѡܹҲ͸İָôһ˽
ĥţʹť»ϡ
ť»Ҳˡ
ŷ֣ť»ϺԼӵУȻû˿ηͽţ󷽡
Ůӣ᲻İأ

ӣİԸԼԺȥǶԺǡ
ԺūŶ֪飬รѹû˸ǰᡣ
ȻûУԺǱߵֶҲĴ˹
Щɸǹġ⽫ƹƴ󣬹Ҫӣ
ߵǰ־ع˴
أĺɫŨۿһҹͿ쵽ˡ
öŵ˹˵Ҵӣϸϣǹһϣ
ӣ˼öǾã˵׼İ绹
ӣ̫ţϾǿʦָĸ磬İôҪҲҪ߸
ôţöֱӰˡ
غ˴СҲ̽ˣȥ͸ӣ㱨˵ť»ϱ˺ԶһСԺ䡣
˵ͺͼסһ
Ƕť»סǰԺһ㡣
С˵ţվӣߣ̲ס¶Ц
ã͸
µµť»ϣ͸ԶԶģ
𷽲öӣĻײײĸ첲⣬Сα⣿װǲรģ
öҡҡͷܿ϶صġ
˶٣͵Ҳ˵รġ˵ү첻᲻
̾˿ҡҡͷ͵ˡ


421 ؿշ

˵أȻ˶
תȥͿİˡ
ʱ;ˡ
СӱԺУİҲסˡ
İ翴һԺūĿɿڴؿǲรأ
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˵˲Լ밲ü
İѾ̤ȥˡ
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İĬſվһ˲߹ȥӡ
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ӣˣİүȥ
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Ҳ˲ʲôŤ«ˣһͷİĻ
İرסһֻĴĺģһŵӣ£үܰί
˺һСıÿӣĶӣŮ˵Ÿร˽
ӣղŻ˵ûθڣʱˡ
İ棬һһڳԵĺ㡣
İ翴Ц
һֳֻأһִֻȥסӣһֻ֡
˵ֽһ

รȥǹˣ˾档
ŮԺֹ֣˵˺һ͸ȻǸ¸񳤵òÿô
ֱȻ񿴡
žͺܲмһƲ죺ⲻǳ˿ϣ
ôһ˵ҲЦˡ
ŮǰϵЦһСնϲǰǰʹ˲ٶƤʱó巿ˡûޢһֱ͵ס
һͦСž͵ҲʹҶöණ
񡰰һҡֵôñȣ
˶٣СصҶﲻϲأ
µģʱ˫ֳʯӣӣŴ˸ҡҶûϵ
˵ˡ

һ֮ܽȥҰˡ
ΪİϾȻˣ岻һԺūŶܸˣǴöָææȥһʱҲûעס
һ̧ͷͿڰϣ֪˵ʲô
һ߱˵һ߾ֲסظĺףҪ˵ᡣ
໡һס۾Ͻܿˡ
Ҳܿ𣡣

СԺ
ť»ϳĬڴߡ
Ѿάׯƣ֪˶ˡ
ԱߵŮһԼģһǸġ
Ȼ¸Ůֹ˳񣬵ﻹ̲סķ˸ۣ¸ǲ֪ıոλר֮ร
รѹƵģûһ㷭ء
οôһɫƽӹأ
ť»ϳĬԭء
֪Լϲû̫ơ
ûϵȻ͵ﶼѡϾͱȻпѡ֮
ҲһŮӱˡ
˵ˣһƽҲδؾһǴ
٣ԺŮӶи⣬Ҳøϲ
ٷţĸˡӭѡĹʡ
ǸรžǸâ©ģǲΪ塣
ֻǡ֪һλ˵Ѿеรʲôģأ

ֵСʱ
ť»ϵĶӹĽƣ뱴ո֮ǰҲ͵ôС㡣
ˮûҶȡ
Ѿָֿˡ
̺ŮʩСģ⿴ť»ϵ飬ͲµԼСǶòˡ
ȥͰϵĸ˹ť»ǰС㡭üɡ
ʩһӻûϰ߰ѳνı
ŮԷʩѸˣоִһ˿ġǸװηġ
Եĺò
û棡
ť»ϲԼƸͷƲ㣬һ㽫ͽ˿С
Щ̫ˡսھ;ˡ
ʵ̫ˡ


422 

˸㣬ť»Ͻӹʩ˲Ǳߣֱͦӣš
Ȼһֱȵҹ˾԰ﶼûʲôˣť»ûеȵİ
ԷԱţʱҲƣĲˡΪİˣǵҲʱˡ
æһˣ˭ϽЪЪŰ
۳ţֻλүˣҲ˵׼
ǰ˶¸û˿Ȥˡ
ť»ڸͷµɫԽԽ԰סѡ֮ǰʵǲжٺġ
ϾۼڰŮ֮вơ
۳͸ˡ
ԣť»ϱָĻӸϵĸʱť»ϵĸ׻Ǿϲ˺ü졣
ѵã
ť»ʵڼ޹֮ǰѾ׼޸ʰ磬϶ҪЩίġ
ȵ棬и¸һŮǲվ˽Ÿ
ǣôҲû뵽޹һ죬Ȼ
Ѳѿ
ť»ָ߬Ͷʩʩ
ʩϽˡ
ť»֮ǰѾ׼˵СɰԱʱ֮裬ʱߵԸ˼䣬ʩ΢΢ֳΪ֮ɫͷˡ
Ավһ˸ͷԷ˵˼䣬ȻԼͳȥˡ
ԺʩЩµġ
ԺȥòߵԺƼһС̫ࡣ
ǰ͸ʱ򣬼ˡ
ϽܹȥЦλС̫͵λ磡
С̫һתʩֻ졣
´һŶǽ¸ߵŮ
ʩС̫ࡪܲȥ̽̽Ϊʲôүڻٳٲť»ϸ
С̫Цһ۾Ͷʩ̽ү飿ҲҪԴ
ʩ˵һ־һɰ
Ȼ
ûˣͳôˣǸһ븮ȵڻûȵүֻүָһҲãСæʩŵ
С̫ץĺɰͷѸٵؿ˿Χ̾˿ֻһأ²Ϊ
ʩæͷ

һ̽Ϣ͹ˡ
ԭİողڵʱ򣬾ѾȥӣรԺ
Ȼڶûг϶ˡ
Ǹ֪Ǹλรǽһó裡С̫ѹɤӾͶʩ
ȻͼҪؽһรǰҲóİҲûร㡣
ֱǸŹСˡ
ʩţһľͽȥȥµľΡ
һʢĲรѾһһŮﻹŵӡ
ʲôǰ̣ʲôָ
Ȼôһ˲䣬ΪʲôүԼС㡣
Ϊ鹸߹Ů˭Ҳڻҡ
ڻңȻͲסҪġ
ʩųصĲصԼҸСԺ
ԷվˣԹȥˣȥôãү
ʩ̾˿Ļ͵үˡ
⻰һ˵ť»˫һʱ͵ذѸͷһ̧ͷʩ˵ʲô
ʩǰѸղŴ˵һ顣
ԷڱϣλรȷǺܵү谮ġ
˼ǣhardģʽԸŰɡ
ť»ڴذΣû˵üͷš
ʩ뿪ڵʱť»ϺȻԼüͷȻ̧ͷ˵ˣϴɣȻүһ죬ҲЩЪˡ
ԷԱ߾һ
Ϊť»϶ֺѿ
Ҳÿһˡ
˭֪˼ҵĿȻôһǺܿʰ飬øˡ
ԱĬĬť»ϣԷЩղСλˡ
ΪҲǸոսССС
һť»ϵǸܳɴµġ
һΪ£ť»ϣҲť»ϡ
صϵĸޡ
Էʮֵľ񣬹ȥЦݣ˳ضť»ϵ˲ٴΣūϥëƤ⽿һ飬಻ÿ
ť»϶ȻһЦƺѹǵøղԷĵˣð
ڴأ΢΢ۿԷԼǰİëæòֺ
һߵľͰ´ˮ˻ꡪϢ¶һѬʱƮӣͬҰ֮䡣
ť»Ͻ̧ۣ͸ѹѹա
ȻҹɫīǺܿ죬ͻġ
ܿͻᡣ


423 

ڶһ磬Ҳ˵ϣүȫť»Ժ顣
ã㡭ǰԼ밲ť»һ˳ĸ˵ãίˡ
룬ְ仰˻ȥ
еĻǲ˵ġ
û˵ڵίδί
˵ˣˡίҲίˡ
ңίˣѵ
Ȼˣͬť»СԼǰһСӣϻ˹ȥֽ
ť»֮ܳл
̾˿͵õǸڿˣ硣
ť»˼͸⻰΢΢һĥΪǹ̫ˣú˯
Ͻ֪⸮Ĺأ߶˸ʵڲģ븣ˡ
ϽҡֵĻҿɲ˼
һ˵ţһ߾ͿЦŵէ⸮黹֪֮٣Ǽʱ֪ˡ
ť»˵˺һż١
ȫŽǸø밲ӡԺӣǱİ׿ڷԸģ˵ʡÿյ밲˶ðع밲ʺá
รţť»æվȥ밲ร밲
รİť»ϴµɨһ飬Ϳﴩûа㻨֦չİӡ
ž˳һЩ
ť»Ͼôά밲ƣรҲû˽üֱ̧Լҽãɡ
ť»֮󣬸ЦŽµóէʵҲ̫ˡѡʱѾˣġ⸮üŵҲˣΨһλร
˵Ͷ˶٣ûм˵ȥ
ร֪Լ˵ϡ
Ƴһۣյ

ԸԺ
ѹʱİѾˡ
Ȼ󣬻ûأǰԺʹѾ˹ʱ£ǰӹոͽϹ֮
ʱʹ˲ٸǡ
ӣžˡť»Ͻֲոռ޸İ硣
İȴô࣬ȻڱʾھΡ
ʱӣС̽˵ť»Ͻһȥ밲ˡ
Ӿȥˡ
Աߣž΢΢˳Ĵȶƨã
Ҳ⼸죬ڣ¸ùรˡССص
ӣ룬תͷԸǾȰѼ׼ðɣҪˡ
ȻЩʹ죬ҲֻӦˡ
ӣΪť»Ͻ֮ô˵ҲϤ츮ŻԼ
˭֪ڶʱ񻭻͹ͨ˵¸ร
ӣ⧲
룬˰ť»ϸˡ
Ť«ѵҼ
ܿ죬Сǰţť»ϸںͽˡ
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ť»Ϻعصģûҿ¾Ϳڳƣť»ϣร밲
ӣ棬ͿλʷϺպŤ«ǸС
ť»𡣡ӣȵصתͷöʾȥ˷һ¡
öȥͰť»ϸˡ
ť»վӣڴ󵨵̧ͷλʢร

ŵ
ԭıϲ͡
ȻӲร֮λʢλร޼ӣĿҲƽ͡
ť»վԭһ£ŶСһüֹȥһ̿־͵մҴ٣δüݼรรˡ
ӣЦЦ𣡡
˵ô֣ûˡ
ȴǺº͵ġ
ť»Ͽе
Ϊร϶ٻ˵һʲô޷
û뵽˼ֱӾͰ⻰ͷӹˡ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôʵӽҲ˵˼仰ÿһ䶼ϱรѹġ
ҪʿϸϸĻ˼ҲรҲûһʢ˵Ļ
ť»϶˶תͷʩԷԼѾ׼õļֱϹϾĶӣ壬ȻªһƬ⣬รҪ
￴һӣͿ΢΢ͷʾԼѻҲó
һתݳ˶ûϵԷ
ײϡ
ͺһ΢΢Աһãͬʱһ֣ϽְСӱˡ
ſһ˫۾ɵͭһť»ϡ
ضǶ˵ʲôŤ«Ť˿ˣ


424 

˹ȥ
ť»ĿһתҲƼԱһΡѩɰСŮü۳úܾƯǰλรơ
ʣ϶ǸСˡ
ֻ˵ĸһλݵĻť»ʱû
ߵǰͿ
ȻСϾǴСܸĸ۰ĺӣľͺǿҲ㡣
ť»ϣť»ǸҲ
ȵť»һ£ߵߣӣӣſСܲмʵŤ«
ӣںȲ裬ûǺס
ť»ʵǸܻˣӣȻûôڣԸһˣȻҲĵˮ
˵ԻȻȫεĿڲš
ӣ;ãˣҪǷڴԽǰִ϶ȥû⡣
˵˵ţť»زߣͿԾˡеһμรôһʵģ
¸Īڲรʱ䣬һֱȵİɣ
ôţЩˡ˵İߵʱȷʵͷԸˣ˵ϻҪŲรúš
̧ͷŴգʱżˡ
ʿң˵ǲรİ̥ҩҲˣúҩˡ
ǰȥӣߣϥ߲͵ؾȰรǺҩʱˣ
¶ǲˡ
ť»ͺʶȤվ˵Լ߶ˣȻֿŵĻ䣬˵ޥʡ
̧ͷ۾һۣȻˢһ¾תˡ
ѻıǰֻ˸Ӱť»ϡ
ť»Ҫȥͨ˵İˡ
üֱݺݵشԼ⣺ť»ôôˣ
ôײİ磡
İˣť»һҲ
ʵգİ糤ʲôӶûпֻ֪ܺᣬдԡ
ť»϶ϥͷţͿһ˫ڵѥӴԼǰ߹
ͣٶûС
̧ͷȥ
İסร֣һַסһ߾͵ͷร˵
ť»ϿİĲ
µյƱ紵ĻζݣҲŸǳİϣҡҷһƬξĻþ
ӰͦıϡپǾĵ̳һ㣬˵պ⡣
ť»û뵽İԭãһʱȫԭء
Ӧ֮İรһģ
ť»һ
İ˵ţԱиŮصť»ϸү밲
İŻͷһȻ·ʶﻹи˴ڡ
ɡһſϰֱ鶼ûС
ҲܹˣŰЦȻͳť»ҲЦ
Цĺ棬𣬵ť»ȴĪľĶԡ
߸˵عȥסİĴ֣ص꣬ŮϲŤ«ѽŤ«ǸˣȻǵһμŮŮ࣬Ů濪ģ
⻰˵ͯͯİͲôˡ
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˻İ֣С־͵걧
ӣԱߣİѾǺƣˣŮ͵ǴˣҲð걧š
İ̧־͵ûϵ
һͰѱŮˡ
ٸ߸ߡ
˵ĵСȣЦš
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ԱߣʱȴȻˣ޷ԽӣĬؽϲǰรⰲ̥ҩͺˣֻ˵ūЩ̺Ȱɣ
İһͲˡΪť»Ҳǹ
Ůôһ˵˺òʶȤӣ״ţť»ϻͰ͵첻ߣ
϶ӣĵ̫ģҲӸߡ
ǲñԼ
뵽İť»ϵˡ
รҪ㲻밲ҪȥȥˡֱӶť»ϵ
ť»ҲоİĲá
ҲˣʶȤһϽ͹¸죬үˡรˡ
ӣΣûϵģɡ
ոճť»֣һƣֱӱİסˡ
İַѹûܹڵϵť»ϣתͰӣȥˡ
ĿŰݣתͷ
һ˫ཱུСֲϣť»Ͼ˸ԣ


425 ν

ť»˶
ȥ·ϣ⧲һꡣ
ˮͣк£Ļ˸һ㡣
ť»ϳױܳ˸
صԼǼªСԺٶԱһ¸ղรľңť»ġ
รðү۰Ů
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ʩ˼óΪԹУ׶λݵͣûոսҲ硣
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˰γ̾һ˵ͷʩȻСǰҲһֱť»ȴܿһ㣬Ҳס
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ť»ԼڵĿӣЦһ¡
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仰˵ţһŮѡ˵˽
ֻʱˡ

ϣŴİรʱ۰
û뵽ûӣȻҲСȥǻİ֮˵һ档
ť»һ˿˼ͻ룺лԵ᲻İҲһ̬ȶأ
ںڰĬĬ

ť»϶û뵽ǣȥӣİûť»ȥ
һζûС
ۿӺܿ쵽
⽥Ũ
ڶ쵽ˡ
ת۾¸븮Ѿȥĸ¡
ť»Ϸ·𳹵ױİԺӵĽ䡣
ѿˡ
ոԺūǻῴ²˵Ȼť»˸븮ʱ򶼲ó裬һҲֹֻڸˡ
ôţźť»ϵūǾʹü۽¶ˡ
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ŷǱߡť»ԺӵʳҲһĲˡ
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Ϊÿรū֮һЩʽƲϵġ
ЩˣʩЦ˵ûϺ˵ŷС̫࣬Ҳ˳ָ
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ʲôأ
統үѰһŵԵ˼ңø޹ȥ
ܺùİšһԺӵ˿Ц

ӵţǱߣÿᵽť»¶ҲЩ¡
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รг谮ҲкӣѹҪ
รкӣûг谮ϴǰҲǴӸλģť»Щɵ
ֻиݸ߹ŵոλݣȴûС硣
ť»ϵƾᡢ
븮ʾİ磬һٵС
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ܸӣӳˣҲ̡
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Ʃť»ᣬ
һѾкӵรร˵ûκġ
ίذЩ˵һ飬ͿۣãԼ


426 ˳

ڻظ֮ü죬˵˼
޲Լȡûť»ȥԴûκ塣
ؼǺӡ
Ǻӣ
İ粻һҪŮ˳裬ǿԶһˡ
ôϡǲӶ࿪֦ɢҶ
ԼڼֱȵöЩ˼ˡ
ǻǰ꣬򲻻뷨̹ġ
Цš

ڵ죬ȵİԼԺŵʱ򣬸̵࣬˵˸
ڵƻ֮£İ鲻ó˵޵ļƣϸϸؾȰİʵϸϸ˵ť»ҲǸʵģ밲ʺãδһµġƤţ͵͵޹ӣȻ⸮ĵոշλǱ֡ţť»ԭǸӣ۸ȥźã
˶٣͵͵İϣͿİһſޱ飬
ҲϲŭֻӲͷƤһҧٵļ˵ϸϸʣť»ò˵ߵСѾͷﲻסŶˡֻ˵ү񲻼ˣ⸮¶Цأ
仰Ǽһҩ˵ˣļڲİɫ
񵹻á
˶ģСֵүΣ⵽׶ǹʹ͵ء
ζǻʵ۸ˣôȫǱʾԻʰĴ˾ٴΪʮִֵ
İں½˰죬ѾǷʤ
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˵֡ĺչ
İ紹ۣذѺ˵꣺ܵҲˡ
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ﶬʱڣһ캮İǰ鷿ֻӣԺȥ
һʱ䣬ť»Ժܵøڿˡ
һΪãһȴûãֲİĻġ
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ť»ҲɵģȻ׸˼ֻװ֪

ӣԺΪİƵʱȹȥ࣬Ҳ޳谮ūǶ
ť»ϣһ밲֮󣬾Ҳûˡ
ܹ˼ˡ
źӣ΢ʱľ飬ǹ֮סԼ֮ľ룬ѾͬǰԶ
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ѾԺƫƧ֮ˣһ¾ȻҪСʣռ䡣
ȻԸ
ȻԸҶŭԡϾร졣
밲ʱҲ˵ˡ˵ӣү˼Ϊ˺ˡ
รҪֲ֡

ܿ죬ӣ綼ˣʱӣھסԺ
˵İ˻˸߼Ǯ֣Ļɫ쳣
ӣһֳͦŴԺ߶Щ磬ͦġϾǿ䣬ֲִ
ô䣬Щ͵ܱɫ
ס
Ժﱾ͹ǰʹ͵ĻΪϲūԡˮʩʱġ
ûرãڼΧӣ硭
һʱ䣬ԺɫҪӻأ
İϹʱ򣬿԰ıɫҲĿƺһƣ붼һɨˡ
⻹ֻǸո硣
ǵԻ֣ʱڣȻˡ
ӣȻϲ
ôţһ̣΢Ц̤ȥûˡ
ͻûӣĸŮ˶Сŷ
վСϣֻС͹ġһ͡
ѧ˱
˱ΪʹŴɿڣǱ˵Ч
ӣվԱߣ־ͻŮСӣŮһСĴСϲȿˡ
ܷС֣ϵζ˳ֵŴӸСתС⽡


427 ̻ư˱

ǰһĻʵһܰ˵Ļ
İֻůůģվſڸվһöʿڸСӴֵģһתүҪ밲
İһ̧֣ʾǱ
΢ЦſӣĸŮ
ӣѾ˱Ķ
תİ磬û˵Ѿӭȥˣ꣬ſŻѽ
İЦҪŮģԱһ㣬һ˫ͻС־͵Ůã
İȥסӣ͵·ݴˣŷ͡
ӣ˱
öʿһһҵվСߣֻ
ӣŮ˱ǸġԽ֮ǰԼԹü汾İ˱ࡣ
ʵҲиָİ˱ԼԸõؿȡ
汾ϲϼһЩζ⡣
ӣ㣬绢ΪոĴŷṩīס
νīףһֲīס
ʼΪӹƷ
峯ǻҹס
ͺϲīף޹ʳζ塣ˣӸҲܼס
ͰŴ׷ڴ֮Уþˮݺ֮죬ϰǺͰȣԷǳǿ
ʱٰѰ˱һһ׼á
һ˵Ϊ׺ۣǱزٵģϲԺ棬ӣԹ˵ʲôﶼܼ档
ˣ
ӣֱöѺȫߡ
̻ڡ
ŴĶɳ
ټϷۡƤ˿
ֲ̧֮˲СϵϸĳһİǰТ˳صȳ
İһ¾Цˡ
Ůһź˵СȫǸж
ֽӹöĸɾӣڰ˱Ҩһڣܵӣǰ
һֻС棬Է׷䣬ͬʱСŽţŬİǰͣҪιӣҲȳԣ
ӣŮ֣ոձιһڰ˱һ̧ͷͿڶİЩĽؿ
ϸ׵Ľ

һڵ˵һʹ鷿ˡ
ʵǰ鷿ͶԺ߶ŷ
ǺͲǱ߳ӵա
οҲ;͸ˡ
ͳӣūǸں棬С
һˣʱվ
ܹȥץס󣬾ͼٵص磬
͸ӣͿԼһֱСŷ
ŷУһ߷ŵʳС˱Ŷź͵磬ġ
öӶˣ˱ķҲáССһ룬㹻ӣֲӰš
ͳˡ
һڣͲŷԭ˱̻ڵġ
ζ治
һС룬ȥһֻ룬ֱȴðסˣһҪŵģ
˴۵Сһ˲㬵ذ˻
Թɫʹ棬ܹȵشԱС̫УѲֽӶ˹
Цֵݸ˸硣
ͽӹ˲죬һӣſſԱߣֻСֳ°ͣһͼЦݡ
жʱͰ͵صҪʲô
ס͵ӣóС޵̬˺һ὿˺һȣȻʸ硪ܴܲȥ鷿
һ͵ɴۣȥ鷿ʲô
֧֧ᣬ˵˰Ҳû˵Ȼ
ֻ˵ȥ
ž;ҡͷͣǸ粻㣬ԸȥǱϾ鷿ǰǶѧϰĵط˵ҵĸˣǹĹǡҲǲȥġ
˶٣ͷë׵Ķ΢΢ֵ񲻹Ǻ棬Ľȥ֪ӵǶ࣬ûж˵ǻ귨Ϊ̫ͣŻѪ
⻰˵ĺܿУ˾Ͳ֨ˣ˰ΣʣµһС̻ư˱
˱ȵģ¶ȸŴ봫˳
ϣ첽˳ȥ
ԺȻͿﱧŲ֪ʲôһߵǰ
ȵ߽ˣſһֻµС롣
ͬʱҲŵһŨġĸ
ǰСŮЦݡ
־ͰС磬İ˱Ҳһɣ
һ˵һֻС־Ͳϵػȥÿüͷţﻹ΢΢
֡


428 Ʋ

۹һ䵽ϣְӹˡ
ףҲǺ̡
϶СţƤۡ
ĴֻС֣΢΢żӾһֻʪС
žʶǰһֽ˻
̧ĴȻŰһЦ磬Ҳ̣
΢΢ͷһһĨӵ
ǰһһЩ
ͷǷڣ䲻䣿
ΪҪԼӣЩʧСԴ
ͷһȴû˵Լȥ
΢΢̧ͷŰ½Ǻӱ紵ƮݣȻͻȻղŲӣһ½Ƕȣŷء
໣
һ¾Цˡ(*^^*)

ӣһһ콫ҪٽӣԺҲһ
ҽѾǰס˱ո̫ҽҲѾԤӡ
֡ˮ衭һһԵرʢ˹
вҲڲˡ
ֱִսٵĸо
ӣ˵ѾӣϾִӻкܶ಻ɿصķյġ
仰˵ִҲһǵ
ŶڴأŽֽɴһһŵյȻﻹ߶ŵʱӿֵܻ״ԼЩ״ԺôӦԡ
ӣѩ׵ɴͰǶС㡣
ֶʱͻֵ̿תˣūŴۣ£˲ร
ϽֵӣͰ˸ȥˡʲô
İҲӣţҪҹҹ飬ʢһٹ
پĵϢĻ񣬶ڸοиŵʲˡ
ӣпڴͷţȻ;ƽ˲١
ĺ«ٵĺúÿǿ޳ָϲķѾоһӾϵܡ
˵ˮɷˡ
İ翴ӣ۶ǰĵģſžЦˡ
ҲҪԣӣ־Ͷİ
İƢľͰٱˡ
Ķӣİߣưٵһˣһ߾͵Ҫż
˶٣⽹꣬Ͳչֳеƽ͡ҪѧϢ
ӣʼһţŲɷµĵͷȻһɵˣϷ
ҪѧϷ
ԥԥʳָһİ°ͣϷ
İһ£ŷӦ
ӣĸֻ§סĲӣ˶ͷһȻЦ˺һƤ
վվӣְ֣ͷңһһ

ʢֵȲģʱץһѹӷһ
һ߿ģһСѾˡ
ǹϲġ
С̫ҲϣǱϾĹ
ʢСӸ߸յһЦЦֿϲʦò裡
ʢӹ˲յˣ꣬СӸոյԼʱԼͿǸˡ
ԵĲ˵˵ǰҪչ¶ЦݣС̫Ӳѧ˺ü죬ûеľ衣
Сӡʱ򻹶ֻѧͻˡ
뵽£ʢЩп
ֳ̧Сҡҡ°ݷλӿ˲--мûİүŸŮ˲λͦŴˣүٺءʲô컯
صؿһɤӣŵС
ʢû˵ڣֻҡͷԵĺ˼䡣
СӼԱȳ˺õĶ࣬˼תҲ죬ɾԼԼļˣƺǰϷӳԸᣬƲ硣
СӺٺһЦɵøҡͷԵĳ
仹û꣬ʢֵģʱ־󲱹һƣ٣Сӣʲôض㻹泪˳
˶٣΢΢۾ббƳСһ۾͵СӺ٣Ƕ˸ĿˣЩ
СҲһνЦع־Ҫȥʢѥӣֱһ죬ѥţɿɿ죡
ʢҲܣۣӣͬȥͽźһ㣬оصСӣұ顪ĺӶľͷƵģǴԴϷ͸Ҳ㰾컯źλӣһʲô
СʢĽųȵذĽŸԼؿţһһ߾Цŵͽû£չ˵ܵЩҲǵʦ̵ģʦ͸ͽĸ֣
һ˵ţһڵطʢһֻţЦݵصʦһֻ


429 

ʢ˵ͺٺٵЦҲô˵Ǻ͹ǲͬūŵģ֡ⶫֻԼȥģûп͵ģ
ָָ̧ݷȻλӡǸŽء
ۣ΢΢ԴһЩȻԺλǹǣʵȥô֮ˣĻûǸҲġ
СӶ챻ųѬˣʢһпһ۵ʱ򣬽Ҳ˵Ķ΢΢š
Ľų͸ɢ
СӻЦһ仨һ

һЩʱ򣬺ͻǰ鷿ȥˡ
󣬸ҹɫߡ
ʮȴ·һ㣬վס˽ŲĻعͷ
รԺȥݵԱߣһĨӣɫ½һˡ
ղ͵͵ĶſڡĿ뿪
ͼͷɵҲŻͷһۡ
յʲôҲûС
ʲô˳ھʰ
ضĻûʲôش
ͱʣʱҲΪ⣬־ǰȥˡ
󣬵ͷÿĴȴ΢΢һ˿Ц⡣

ǰ鷿SѾǰĬĬˡ
˹ȥ
ϴ֮һ˳ץԱߵĻףﴵƤͽгһ߾źS磬ù𣿡
ʼʱ򣬺ʵû󿴵ó
Ǻؾͷ--ʵSһϲǰ鷿Ļʳ
ǰԺ鷿ĻʳһǹҵģҲǲӪǿζʵ̫嵭ˡ
Ҳóԡ
ͱ뵱ȻΪ鷿ﲻóԣǴΪʲôรԺأ
ظңҸ裬˷ٹ˯Ǻõĺܣ
ǹ˺һӣʶԼ뷨ʵһЩβʳӣ˼ˡ
ͻصԺȴĶɿڵķˣ龫ֵá
ǺSأ
Ըǰ鷿ŲɿڵķˣҲԸȥԼ
֪ǸԺӸôѹ֣ôĿܡ
ž;ôҲ治ס
ҪǲϲķˣԶ԰˵ð껻˳Ҳá
ִڴϣ
SĬҡҡͷ
һ˲Ǿ䵭ԴܵܵһƬ⣬ҲЩʡתԺͽͣͣͬ㲻һϲ㡣
һЩͿˣûʸȥҪ󡣡
žĿˡ
֪λ磬ΪรӰ죬ٹЩš
Ҳû뵽ԼԼ͵˳̶ȡ
ô˵ôҲǸõС硣
ѵûҪ󶼲
Сĸ״ѹܾأ
ĬĬؿźSĲ룬ͳȥСӽ
СӹСǰ磡
ͷԸȥߴ󰢸ˣ˵󰢸Ӷˣ뷨ŪԵǲҪǰŷá
Сһ㶣漴Ӧͳȥˡ
SЩżվź͵ˣָֻˣҵ֣ǰ鷿һĺúö飬ʳ϶£ġ
žˡ
ιͣ£һ֣ܰԵؾʹ˺SĻ
źSԴֻ㣬Ӷ
S˶촽ؾ͵˵ͷ
ֵŶӣܲܿĽ飿
S۾ҡҡͷ
һƣܽⲻˡôϻ˵ģġ׶ﲻöӳԱģ˵ˡαΪûǰ»ǣѵ㣡
Sز˵ˡ

һڵķѾдȺͰ˱ѼӣɿڣζŨ
S۾ˣ
Ⱦһ񫣬ֱ촽߶΢΢ЩףSͣ
һ߶ţһS˸ã̲ס͹Ц
͡Sӹūֽӣ˲죬ȻĬĬߵ˺ߡ
ôﻹ飬ûſ۾Ҳ鱾ϡ
S߶£̧ͷ
ôһ˲䣬ģ߶ǿߵĳݺ;塣
һתͷطˣʱץץס
磬˵ʲôתС
S΢΢صͷƺ˼Ÿôڡ
ͷܼѵصͣǿ
һЦ뿪ЦͿ˵ƻ֮£Sǵ⡣
ŴۣһӾ˵ˡ


430 

ʵҡһֱS˫ǰ૵ص
˰ΣȻȻڱשϣ˫ֱסԴͷϥ֮УԱļ΢΢һһ
еˡưѺӸģ˶ٱˣ
ްһ˫С֣ȥSĸ첲
Sҡͷƿ֣άŸղһƣԴϡ
ֻƲаȫаɡ
εţĬĬջ֡
ͣûпʵһʱ䡪һֱŬŬԼǿڹ鷿ڱո
룺˵õû
ʱ䣬ȷʵ·һϵӣ鷿ʱ򶼻Ծࡣ
ʵ粻ǸŵӣȷʵŬȥԼˡ
궼佱˺üΡ
ͱҲΪøһЩеˡ
û뵽ԭﾹȻķѣʹࡣ
硭͹СͬźS
Sţָָ߬ؽصشӵש΢͹ĻϻһЩŰĿУͣúһǿٲҪ̫࣬ðҲż۹ͶעϣҲֵýĶӣ
ŬԼȥ֣ȥһȫµң鷿شʻʱ򣬽ŵûҲǱԼȥ֣
һã
SһСǾŤ
Ϊ뿪˶ԺӣͿԽȥһжԺԼ·ÿȥʲôµʱⲻСǲеͻһֱصҵĶߣ
Sʹ̧֣Ȼס˶䣬ԺͲҽеˣˣ
Ĺ˵ϡ
ūźĶСǳʲô£æľͳ˽
ͷӦܿ죬ѸٵվסǵߣSǱϤԼ
ֳ̧ǣɵصֵܼأȥ
˸Ͻ񣬵ųȥ
תͷŹԼµĺS
S⸱ʵڿ£񱻹Ƶġ
ͺȻ־ͶϵһյˮźSûͷûĽȥ
SİȻֹ
һͷҶ̧ͷħһź͡
Ͷһֻϥǹڵ֧壬һֻеشϥϡ
ָ˲ëϵˮ飬侲صЩô
S㶵
ôһ˲䣬·𿴵˰ꡣ
ϵ򶨣ֱͬһģ̳ġ
ص˵ͷ
̾˿תּҸ£ֻо½ϵʪ䡣
ѺSסˣźǳ
Sľͱˡ
̥أꣿ
Sûش𣬺ֵһҪжꣿ㵱ҪԶʱ⼸ӰסԼһô
Sգգ۾һκܴӴ۽ëϵ䡣
̧ͷסĲԼһùȥ鰵ʾԼħԼУ

ڶӸȥ鷿·ϣСһ·ûŻᡣ
ò׵ȵ˹SںߵʱСӲŴս˺ߣС磬ūŶм仰ͬ˵
Ծ֣תͷ͵˵ɣ
СӺܽĿΧһۣŰѹͣ˵˼䡣
ԭСӳʱƼ˺SĹ⾰
Ҳ˺S˵Ļ
СӾãȻ󰢸ججôСӺαغȰ
ô󰢸ôһֱ׹ȥˡ
һ
СӾ̫ˡ
ǻˣ˭ͼӴף侮ʯء

С˵˼仰վԼūŵݣҵ̫¶ǡ
󰢸ͶȻֵܣҲСӡ
һֱôȥôС罫һΪ֡
ͺñȴͷһͷѹȥˣһͷɲ͸ô
ˣĬû˵
СӹԱߣԽԼԽ޴ˡǰЩ챻ʢûͷˡ
ЩҲֵһūŶԺͰ˵
С֣ǰ鱾תͷСӲŵСӣ˵ЩһҺͶġ֪ĺáСӳһūŵĺð磡֪ã
Ӧһ̧ͷ鷿ȥСǡ
͸СģҲ鷿ˡ
ʦûЩСľͰﵱֵĳ̫๫Ǹں治סذ
ȴҲûʲôá


431 

Գ˲侲
ĿǰСӣSֵͬܣСһۡҷҪһپ٣һĵǷħģҲƼˡȥָǳʲô
˶٣ǸҲͰˣǵڹ˻£ҺͶá꣬δؾͲǣ
㷽˵һͷѹ£һͷ𡯵ıȷĲ룬⴬һͷѹ£ˮֻҪû
СӲ˵ˡ
΢΢ߵߵ棬˳־Ա߱ɽϵëʣһߵֽд¼֡
˶٣ͷ̲ס¶СС뽾ߣұҪҲҪ
Сֱҡͷ޲ȣӻ
ĽǶСӵһƬ䡢˾ӣǴ󰢸ֶΣСӿɾͳԴˣ

ߣۿζŨˣһ죬һСѩ
԰һƬ߲İסѩȻСȻƮƮʱҲԺľһ㱡İޱ
öС̫࣬߹԰СҴææؽ˲รԺӡ
ѾĴů裬һžһů紺
ӣſڴµϣصͷŻֽ
ڸҪСϵװΡ
ƵĶԵͼ۵ܵãͨõġ
̫רעˣһֲ̧˲ͷϵĺ
ӣ״ִԼǰժӣŮ˲̫ˣȥҪġöѽ⿪
ص˵ͷ
ӣողŸŮſӣֻúȻСһ쳣ĸо
оİ͸һϤʶ
һʱŶӣովһͲϡ
ۡӣ̱ϵ
ŵһ¾Ͱѱˣˢվ۾ɵôģ
ԱɫҲˣӣöȥˡ
öܳȥͰѽֺˣֲ˸Ͻȥд
ֲΡֻţһһߵܹˣһͷͿӣ̱ϣץֱߺߣ
һˣ۵ˡ
Ͻ͹ȥӣĶӣַԸŮһ𣬰˷ϲ

ӣڴϣһƬҺģֲϵؽһ׼һ׼Ǹ
ֹһҽ͸ˡ
̫ҽҲ·ˡ
棬Ѿȥ֪ͨİ磬˵รѾˡ
ůģӣͷϵĺţҲ֪ȵĻ۵ġ
ַԸž˰ů˳ȥ
öˣŽ־͵֣รɲܶţ
һվſھ۵Ŀ
ûŮ֪ԭ۳
֮ǰе˶˵ֻҪϴʮ£Ӿͻ䡣
ȻһСܻܵСˡ
һ̵ֱġ
ŶﺰʹֿŶϵĺ乵»䣬ֺ¡
컹ڿޣֱѾҳһŵĳ棬һ鷳
ؿڣһһȥˡ
۾ˡ
᲻°
״ϽȥסõС֣һߡ
ȻժǰӣϸϸĸòС
¼ˣп˸ᣬʱһС첲Ͷ˴Ļأ
ë׵СԴһţһ߿оͲסİο£ġС֪Ůԭġ
˶٣ͺͣж㡢磬дңġ
΢ƽһ㣬һСһţ˴һ
ﱧôһȵСޣΪʹоȫˡ
Խغְ񱧵һߣԼϥ¡
ţƴ﷿ķ򣺡ҪŶأ
˵ȣҡõСӣڽֶ棬Ҫ฽ãͲܽȥҡ
һ˵ţһ߾İõϣСһ㣬ˣѾˣﻹֵܷģ
һʱְס˴ӣҧ
ȻỹСϪһµţȷʵʵûһˡ

İܿ͸˻
Ϊǵ̥ԭûڣӣѾ˺ӡ


432 

ÿˡ
һһ߾ͰѺӸ˳İǰһ
Ϻûüأֺͷؾ͸ϲүร˸С磬ĸƽ
ˡ
İ绶ϲˣǰȥȴҴҿһֻĺӡͮͮһСţ޵˻ߡ
һūȫͨͨһһϲЦտϲүϲү
İ˵Щʧ̬΢΢š
ֻü˵һ䡰ͣȫͣȻļٵؽȥӣˡ
ӣڴϣ˾Ǵˮ̳һͷȫںڵϡ
İ翴ž۵ĲУȥס֡
ֵãǱġ
ֻҲȫǻ亹
İͷ˵ˡ
룬ô򵥵ĸ
İס֣͵Լߣһһš
ʱҲ˽˶ǰȥ§סӣĲӡ
ӣͲûŮ§Ŵ
ſſǿ
öۼ⣬ŵøϽ͹С첲קˣ񣡡
֮վİߣŶ۵һˡ
Ϊ֮ǰһֱţһᣬʱ޷ƣˮһк£һΪۣأ
ⱾǺӵ۵ĿİԱߣһᣬٸнЩŮ
û£㿴ⲻǺúõ𣿡ӣȻǿŮ޳Ǻۡ
ǿذοŮ
İתͷȥ
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ڶ죬ӣ´ˡ
ͷСǰһЩ
ӣĸԱߣĸι̡
˵ͳүĻôȻӣһЩüԵø
ӣӵС֡Сµġ
类ĸһ·ƵģС׷Ѱĸ׵ķ
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433 Ժ

Ҳϲ硪ÿδӹ鷿ǵһܵȻŵܾܵܿ졣
Ϊ˭һСԴͺʱ򻹻䡣
󣬺Ҳˡ
˭Ǹأ
ϵĺɫȥؾԽԽס
ܵܺðףſƳ԰ף͸̾
̧첲ߣӺ͵ܵܶԱһ·ɫȻתͷСӤס
Щҡͷ͵˭˵ģҲһͿ϶ס
ͲûЦʱģ
һӾͱǺû˵ˡ
СԱߺĴŷɫСͷҡβͣһͣһ

˺ӵӣ·ĩԵѧһɡ
Ϊڼûô̫֣ʱҲû̫صļ⡣
̲ȵӣӣͷԼɫȻ֮ǰá
ܸˣȵİʱױ̨ǰ߸˵ؾ˵ˡ
İҲܸˣһЦ߹ȥӱְסļ򣬵ͷһ˵һװ˿İ׷
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ᵽԺӣΪӦ˸ơļжñͻҡ
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ʱţӣԽԽ֣ʵŮ֡
ɫʵĸоġ
ھŶֱ굽巿ȥһۡ
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ӣǸŮ˹СһֱС̶ϣϸҪĹߣҪõʱóֿݡ
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תۼ䣬Ѿ˿ʮβ
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һİ±иһģҲȥˡ
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ǴӣﶼҪ磬͸˵ˡ
֮ǰһ죬أǵڸġ
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澲ĵġ
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תһַֻǰһֺֻͷļ̌ҡҡʾŸɫС衢ӡ۵С̫ǽȥźİϴ
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ꡣܹ־ͱסİ
İ̲סЦˣҲĦŶӵԴ
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˾ͳŰɡİ
˶٣ߴٺǣһҪ

ӣϣΪİźūǣȫϵ¼ܡ
ڶߣÿһ͹ġ
ӣġһ𣬽รһ٣Ϲۣ죬ĹĵԸ
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ϣŰˣİ
ɫһŨɫһ⡣


434 

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ൽʱ㻺Ͻǵķʻȥ
˹ŸӾͺһˡ
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尢翴ͦȵú棬Ͳûͷðˡ
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ֵû˵仰尢һתۣԱߵĺͣ뵽ԼĶӺN
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İ翴ˣֻõĻȥģֵ˼粢һ
ӽؾͺϳһӣſȥ
˹ſڣͿ˰Ҳˡ
ˣһȥ

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֪ӣ飬͸ϲϲ˵ĸѵá
ӣΪ˵ġָԼкüɰĺӣϸָİĳ谮
ӣһӾˣ֮ǰҲİ˵ġ
˵尢Եոϲܲ
մմϲϵһ⣬־סӣĸ첲

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ҪѲʱ䣬֮ٺͻʺһš
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ӣЩۣȻӹһ뷨꣬İǾ£Ůǰλȥˡ
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ҹӹһ·ϣ˯öġ
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ˣȰΪ˰ȫ룬ȥȽס
İһ̧֣Ű˵ͷ͵⺢
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ˣץס͵ĸ첲ͷڸͷʹ˯ˣϸŵġӸóС̺ӷһ͡
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435 

ӣҲִŶ
ȵվ֮ӣָڣ¹ȥȻһ쵽ڣŸоСϵವð
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436 ɱ

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СƮ쿪ʼͳԻ˶ӣӶ㱻S˸
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437 

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438 㵣

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ǣһ˿ЦĿתˡ

İתߺЩɵūǱ˸һ߿֮ȥ
˶࣬รһƬҳµʱźSǰȥİ˵ϾǶԺūţܲȴȥݺ顣
Ǵ󰢸磬ѺȻҵ
ֻǴ¿ɴСټİոջȥ¶һ룬û˽ء
ѺЦͶԺS󰢸̧֣Ϊūǡ
ร͵ǵľܾ
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״ǰȥװŴԲӣȻ˵£ϾԺѾͷҪϸϸСӼ䡣
ΪŸովܾ˴󰢸Ҫ󣬿صεرū֮ȥ
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Ҳ׶Է˼
СӺ̧ͷรβŴ³һ仰
仰ЩĪ
С˵ǣֽĲūţ÷
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ΪƲϵ֮ûжֶٵı֤
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÷һֱǹţҲ֡
Сӿรɫ֮Ув⣬һһȫ˵ס
ԭ꣬ٲ֮÷ѾรǺġ
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СӱҲòܱաһСѾͷˣж٣
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СϲǰСѾͷȻ˵⻰
ͱİǰรԣ֮֡
ҲǴһСӶɱ

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æңǰҵߵɼɱ˵ֱضʱ⡣
ǲʱ⣬֮ɱ˾ɱˡ
İܣ¶һó
㵣šรؿСӣȻ϶˵֡
ͬʱһ˿οЦݡ
Զūſţ϶ֻΪڰο޹ūţҪš
รСӣգ˵㴹÷ѾáųϦ֮ҹǶȥ˹̲סȥϷ÷÷Ƿ߶ɱˣ̼ʬ
СรĻ
һô·ߡôԼƲøɸɾ
Сֻһν
һ̣ϻ
̧ͷรŰСڴͲţรū֪รȻԸ⡭ūţûйһ˿һ̵⣿
รе˷ǳĶġ
Ҳ䣿бСӡ
СӵЦ͸޾磺ร֪ôūţūŶΪţֺรԣ
˵ˣ۽΢΢ʹŵūŵš


439 ı

ڶ죬ӣܿ˵½չ˵ԭรԺ̫СӳԼС
Ϊ÷ѾãһʱͿǰȥֶŵᱡ÷к
Сӻ֮´ɱˡ
ӣž;ĶƺЩԾСӺ÷ѾรԺ˺Щ꣬ôǰЩû¶ƫƫ¶
˵ˣҪͼαƫƫڳϦ֮ҹ۵ӣ
СӣȻһֱรߣԺһ̫࣬Ҳ޴ˡ
ӣԾİ͸˵ˡ
ѹͲСӵĻų˱Ժūŵֽ֮۹รԺ뿴ٰܲʲô˿
รŵúܡ
СȻȻ˱Ͼš
һŵˣΪڹʱܸĵġ
Ҳ֪СӳԼĺܡԼţһᵣš
ֵ֡ܵùһ˵
รò̤ʵ

รţҲûù
ūŶ֧˿ȥֻĸޢ֮С
΢΢ۣͶԹĻޢԹԭǴģ˭֪ȫϵ顪ūŶӸеģ
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ѾͷȻǽײˡ⣬˹ǽ
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⣬Ϣһ
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440 淢

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İⲽ˹ߵǰ


441 ĸ

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һſڵϣ̧ͷضİ磬͵ү֪ʵôʫһֱūŵòรΣҲรʼոūţʫรˣ侮ʯү죬ԩ˲ร
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442 

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С˵ԷǺ޶ԼӵΣԲϧſڿӣĨǷǣ֮ضݡ
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֣״Ʋⲽ̵ߣͲŵصЩɡ


443 

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ร۵
ָֻʹ߸ϡʩȴû뵽ԼҲһ졣
ôõԵģõԵģʲôУร̧סµһһ䡣
Ůֽҩǰ˶ˣүòรúҩҽǡ
รĿ־ͺݺݵĽҩڵϣۼҩһƬһƬȻſڵ־ȥƬ
ūǵĶҪһ
Ů־ͽƬ˹
รûƬļǸָ
·ѾʹͷؿԼָӿѪ
Ѫ죬·ϵȵ飬ÿһǹԲġ
รĬĬ»ص˴֮ϡ
ŮǼڲٷˣŶʼʰŵϵһƬǽ塣
รڱ֮ϣߵָӿѪʼдʲô
SҶ

վԺ
ǸĵնΪĹҲû
Ǵûһ顪̻Ȼɥ֮Ȯ
ֺŮַڶ۵ļϣ͸ܾӴ
һƬģá㿿Žǽ֮Ҳñ˴иӦնҲġ
˵š
Ǽϵ飬΢΢ϲɫǰȥŶǰ˼ƣǻҪʲôȱʲôܸޢ˵
һ˵ţһתͷŴ񣺡չ˺á
Ц񻨶һǰס˶֣նģŮǳ㣬ȻҪúչá


444 ʲôʸ

·𱻶ҧһͽ˦ˣң
΢΢һ£ϾڲסΡ
Ǻ򶨣һµر鲻ãҲ֪ģߣЩȥЪϢ¡
һ˵һ߾ٲǰˡ
ūæϡ

ĳĵġͶԼԺʱһģһ
վſڣ˰ΣȻߵ˴ء
תҲ
ôأ
״תͷҵūŵн强Ҫ߶ȳȥ
æ͹ǣŹسȥˣ˰Ÿϡ
ŶޣֽԼǰ½ϵժӸˡǿ˾Ϳˣնɲϲ
һӾʹӴϱץӾݺݵ˹ȥӱᱡ֮ҲˣƮ˼£˶űߡ
ŶԴ˭ҪϲҪҶ
񲻻ŲæĶӣֽӼǰȥһְס˶ļ򣬵
Ȼ󣬵ǻ͸һֺ⣬Ҫƿ˭֪ȴҲʹȻݺݵؽסˡ
񲻷ףһأͽݺڶһٲãһֽ̧ˤһߣЦŵʲôıõ飬ֳɵıˣʲôʸޣ
̧۷߷ߵͿضԼãǺܺã˸ݸĸףӽǾǽˡ
߬СȭͷֻѪӿҪŻһѪ
˻ߵر㺰ԼĶ˭Ҫҵĸף˭Ҫҵĸף
ʵ̫󡪡ôгԶԶĸ˶
Цüڲ΢΢һŶȵصãҲˣкSܵܡԺֵܽһԺӼˡ
һ³׵ĴסˣӦ֮͵س˹һֻСϻһһͷײڴϣž͵ֹҵܵʲô£ܵǰԺֻܵŰ꣡
ü΢ϵЦݳĿ⣬ȴѹúܵͣǻţ󰢸ȻĶӣأ
öðˣԭŽžʹ󺰵ﲻô
ȥ˶°ͣȻһЦǾ͵ȵȿɣնﲼô󰢸ӣҲҪһЩʱ䡣
˻ߣַߺ޵ȥգƽรū˵ĻҲһ˳ҪļˣҲ˺죡ˣˣ
һվŲӲɶˡ
һƲޣǰȥס˴Ĳӡ
֣һƿţ⾰ŵæͳһС첲һ߾ͷס˴ҪգҪգ
Լգ΢΢صһЩ顣
һת˶ӡ
ž͹ˡ
ղҲˣ˵ʲô˭Ҫҵĸס
üͷұȫˣȻǱ˴òᡣ
ҲʡȻǶǰԵˡ
иӲ
ޢԱߣҲϵĺˡ
ϾŮӣϣ˵Ƥ֮ˣҲС
ޢߴСŮǸϽȥʱӸ
Ǹؽһ򣬸˼䣬ǰѸղżͼӴȫ˵һ顣
˴ǽһݣŴĲӣūǽȥļʱֻ´ⲱҲҪˣ
һһ˵ţһ߾̲ס̧֣ȻŸղŶĶ
ޢ΢΢üֵ˸ʾ˵ˡ
ͣ
Ĭص˵ˣϵˣ̧ͷŸ̾һüĵնССֽЩƢϾǸӣô죿ŮҲֻܴЩݶðգ
ƺ˵֮ǣϵ˿ڣᡰ˻һָסգ˵ʵҲŮԼö˼նĴȰŮöþܷס˭֪һӾͱĴ˵ֻԸĶϵնĸס
ͷŲյиĲҶ΢΢ƲƲһĨĿЦ


445 

Թɫǰ˸ӣնҲҪ̫黳ϾͻС󳤴ˣ˵׼㶮ˡ
ҡҡͷⲻǶ²µ⣬Ǹĵ⡣
ûϵԼ˵̹ףһʱҲͲ˵ʲôˣѾˮֽӹֽҲˣϽȥЪŰա
˵꣬ͽӷϡ
λòԡ֮Ļһ¶棬ַ˷С֣
˳ڲţնܶΣŮֻһնТ˳ģҲֻеնһλ
û˵Ĵļ

һһֱ¶
ֻ˵¶õ顪էⲻϰߣūǽ˶˵ȥˡ
ӱһأȫƬ
Ҳˡ
վԺ֮УĶֱҡͷ
Ҳˣͺ侲ݵūȥ׼ˣ˵üȻԲԺģȥŷĳһʡ
Ƕ֪ԺСӵĿζġ
նϲĲʽһ͹
ūӦȥˣ˵ŮȥԼӣ˼µĺӳŶѡɫ
һɴſ˳
ڶ죬ʹˡ۰ãʶ塢˴֡á
кƷйصĴʻ㶼ϡ

ͷһҪȥѡ
ĶΪԼ˼
ǴϰˡÿһӣͻԼʱɵ顣
Ȼҳ㣬ȡ飬ĥԼлһΣӦô
ոĸԺӶԺĥһ飬ûŹ
뵽ȵЦ̾һ
̫С񣬺ûϵľϵġ
˵ʵǺĽõġ
ܻһȫȣ洿˭Ը˼ΪӪ

ʱร첻ˡ
ΪԼôʱ򣬳ϵ鷢ˡǰԺŮָ˳ʳ
ֻǺͨĲʽѾȫ͸ˣ׷͸ζ
รſڵϣ̻ʵس˸һ׶ʣ
ڳԵ̫죬ҭˡ
ˮˮรʹؾؿڵ½־ͶŮʾ
Ůظ˱ˮصط˵ϡ
ˮĽ
รһཹཹС뱭ȥǻһھ
Ǻܿ죬θϵͱÿ־
İŮ˵ӣ֪ġ谮ʱᣬʱҲᡣ
ڣϻ׵׵زȵİΪ˵ĵߡ
İӦ޶
ôΪʲôͷ
뵽รŻŵľͭԱߣһֻںڶſ
·ж
ƣŻһЩղųԽȥķ֮󣬻һЩȴҲ²ˡ
รۣסϥǿǽǾͷ
Լһֻè׽סĺӡ
ӲдٰŪ

Ҳ⼸źҪꡣ
һɶǰԺ˸ˣ˵үöúԺš
ûа취뵽รá
รôó裬ҲⰢϲȥǣ˵Լȥչ˶ˡ
ūŻûгԺͱ˸ˡ
ŭĺܣһƾʹ˵ūϣūţƾʲô·
ﶯˣǴŸͳˡ
ڡūšü
׻˵ĺã򹷻ҪˣԺеūŶϵūš
ôôأ
ǰȥȰŶ˵£ȻаĵΪŮӦ׵˼úõԺ԰ǣҪ㲻ģ᳹׼ŭ˸ףʱ͸Ӳɿˡ
һ˵һߴǰȥҪ񣬽һӸ첲ֱƵһߡ
ں׼ţϽǰȥס˴

һвɣдţǧ࣬뷽跨˴ǰԺĺS
˵ĶúSڰǰ飬ؿһԶŮķϣԶﲻҪ
ͬSʵѾµ˶һ˴ŭ׵ԭ
뵽һϣСӴӶ߳һţһĳ
SͲҰһС
һͬĲ룬ôܴһվɵĻѾˡ


446 һλ

ŶֽϵıʣSпԡ
С֮飬ζŽ㿪ڣ
ǱߣSȻ޶Ǳ߽ӡ׶ﰡSôѪˣ
Ĳⳤ𣿲۶

ǰһٷรǹӲд
Ȼܿ죬ֶˡ
죬รͷۻʱ򣬲һٷ
һΣรûд¡ʵ̫ˣɱűҲ᲻ÿŶӡ
Ȼһƽ¡
ⷹ˲ûж
รһ˿ãϣţ᲻İվһԶŮû˺ľҪ
˷˼֮รǿˡİǲ
ɣ
รھ޴ľͱ֮У񽥽Щˡ

͹
Ϊ꣬ٲ˽λǿͷ밲
รˣһ𣬶Ҳû
ľᵽһ˿Ծ
ϵ׳˵óˣҲһӾͳ˸ʩ
˵ˣʧҲЩˣǰ겻ǸóԳԣ˯˯
Ҳûӿ
˵ʵô£ˣĸ
ĸǻѵˣһʣһЩˡ
Ưҿһӣ֪Ȼ¡
˵
ĴŮҲ֧ȥˡ
ĸֱ˵ɣģ˼ūţȥȻɱϾҲ¡
Ҳร޷ԺūŪ
ԭ˵
ʵǰЩҲֻûôţһֱҩţҲˡû궬䣬ɲҲûôأǿԣ没Խ
һһغ˵˵ţһ߾뵽ǰЩ꣬һֱãҲҽһݹ档
͸ˡ
ðŰɣϾǴӵļ¡
ȻΪ˶Ҳ̫ˡ
΢΢ҡһҡͷֱ̾汣Ӱɣжʹ󰢸ء
ĸ˵ˣһ˵˵ĶŮͷ·Ը˰Ƶġ
첻˵ˡ

ո
ͷòҵһᣬ˸Ժ
ͻȻ⵽ⳡʣôҲ벻˼Ȼܺݾˡµˮ©ܲ
һΣѧһЩûǰһ󳳴֣Ļ͵͵׼õıװǽǸϢ˳ȥ
ʼ¶һֺԣֻǰá
ΪԶںġ
ˡ
䡣

ϤĺԺСһ嵽˶Ժӡ
һûԺӺʹǰһࡣ
ԺſڹŵĹȫȡˣſҲһҶ·𼸸¶û˴ɨһ㡣
ūŶˡ
ᣬ˲̫࣬һ˽ȥԺʹŵ
รһϢڴϵġ
ڰΰ֮УƺĶ
Ůں
รʼΪԼΣֱţһһ߿ޣ
Ѿ̫СƲ
ˣƴŬζѵѵֱ졣
รһӿ
Ƕ˶գֻһûˡ
ȥܵܣҺSܾȶรϢŶſھ͡
S϶ûʶĸ׵ľôܲ
รʶԼжôİ΢Ķ
ԺΪūŶΧ˹
ȰŶϽߵģҲŮɴֱ
һӾͱQ˻ߵǵĹơ⸮ĶǶ񰡣ūţҪ첻ɣ
Сȴ㣬ѰԺūţҲͱסˡ
ЩİǰԺˡ
Ϊ׵Ůǰȥ£͵ҪΪūţү˵รκ˶´ءร񶼽ҽҩ˯Ҳҩ£ô£òรû
ŽţͳŮ޺ʲôҶûвΪʲôö˶˵ģһж

ܿ죬ʢѾ˺Ժԡ͡ŶȥԺˡ
ʼҲûܼĸһ档
ڻȥ·ϣʶԼһô޴޴Ĵ󡪡˷һܳĻᡣ
ӦȥԺӵġ
Ӧһֱ̣ӳȥรԺӡ
ȥðԼ


447 

ѮӲдรڶ
һǶǰһ죬ＱȥรĸҲֻ˵ϾɼزҩҲá
İߣϵ£ûɰղรǷظһ
ͺSʱɫǲҰ׵ġ
SƼҵ𣿡ڼ˵ܵܡ
žʳһ仰
SĬĵͷ
ã̧ͷȴԽֻܵ͵صƼˡ
һӾ޴ˣʺSΪʲôȾȶ
S촽նƮҡĶ顣
˺ܾãһһֵǶǲġɼҽ
SתͷŶֳֵص㣬ȣǻǵðЩźá
˶٣꣬չ黹ǵİꡣ
Ȼоǰĵܵʮİ
ɫ԰ף΢΢һҡͷǰ˵ĵûǸҷϣѹָģ
SؿҪ˵Щʲôվסˡ

ร֮󣬺SͶʱͳ˵Ŀ⽹ڡ
İ罫񽻸˸Ժ
ںSסǰԺ鷿ģʱһάվɡ
ڶ񣬴¶֮󣬶İʱ򣬾ͲôԸˡ
İҲˡԼԼĶ
Լźεĳޡ
СȭͷҲ߬ýģֻûҧźˡ
İҲóŮԼĺ⡣
ǣزȥˡ
ãҲûȵİаѺSŵԼ˼
ʵǱﲻסˣһİŵʱ߹հƵģͳ¡
İϵģֻţûӻ
İ粻̬ҲȥơһİǷˣֱӰһԶŮ͵
ϵϵæ
ôţ͸ˡ

תһµʱȥˡ
ůʱڣԺһƬⰻȻ
İǱߣΪԵʣ͸Ըȥˡ
Ҳֻӣ͸Ժ
ǣİɴֻӣԺӺǰԺ鷿ͷˡ
ϣ˵ⶼʲô¶أ
һԶŮ뻳ģ¿ɺá񷴶˸·
ţŶʱ򣬸ڲסˡ
Ժūǻݸ߲ȵ͡²˵ʱŶۣﲻҪģǾһЩ۸СŮͷϡ
ø˽̶ԺأǽŹ֮ʼԶ档
ҲѹסĻƢܵ
켦ɹ
Ŷˡ

ӣԺѾСϣŬ̧Լˡ
Ҳøˣߵӡ
ӣָСߡһɫСУڼϣԱһƣоȫת
Ƶġ
ɫʰ쵣ÿˡ
翴ſļˣС첲ȥץ
Ȼץġ
ʱԼ˵ȫȫó˽ķ緶ԼĹб硣
ҲǶģϰźᡪΪʱˣ˿ѾΡ
ϲУҹ˯ž˯㣬ʱ򻹻ᱧŹ˵
İĹбԺ󣬶Źؿ˺һȻһ֣ѹзŽĻ
иͷر󣬱绹١
·ҵһпаȫеؾֽŲðѹиסˡ
ӣ龰һϽѹд绳ˡ
᲻ãѽѽؽţСŬľ׷Źбߵķ
ܵڻСĺܣûôһ޷ߣпܻᱻţ׳Σյġ
ӣסԼúõĸŮ˵
ûϵôһӾͺܺڡ
޴ĴԼС֣ֻ붺ܵܿģ㲻Ҫѽ
ӣСԴͷŮĶͷŶֻ㡢ôأ˵֮ļǵã´βҪͺˡ
ص˵ͷȻǰſһ˫С֣סӣȣҶˣ
ӣסŮ뵽Ժ﷢һϵбʣ뵽Ұ׵СS飬ɵؾЩ
û뵽ˣڶˡ
ſĸŮģһص쿴ɫˡ
ӣ֪Ů˵á족ָľรɥµӡ
˵ˣ˶٣СֳӣеȻڶˡ


448 㶹

˵Ȼ£ߣСӣǲ˶㣿
ӣһƫͷŮӣΪʲôôʣ
һ˵һ߰ŮᣬСԼϥϣȻһ§ŮһƳ
ҡȻͽ˵ʲôһ˫覵ȴǡ
СҲŵġɵЦ
ѹɤӣСĵصֻҪᵽ㡪ϵЦûˣüζ롪һ˶㡣
һ˵һ߾ͳüشСֵŸոû׶ֲտ
ӣţЩпںӵһƬ֮ġ
ĸŮ˵Żİˡ
³δ̤ġȽڡİڹһ죬δ̤ûУϺȶ˼
Ҳűòǰˣڹʱûã·ϱһİͿʼͷˡ
ӣԺӣ˵ġ
ӣʢ֪İڹϺȾƺȶˣСȥ׼Ƶҩ
˸ˮ裬İš
İǿ˼ڣǾ̫ѨͻͻһһĿҲơ
ӣźѣŵӴˣѥӣūܽȵůȡ˼ȥ
ûҿ
¶Ƚؽİڴϣסӣ֡
ȻЩԺˣϵľȴǺܴġӲӣֲߡ
ӣֻøڴˡ
ſڵĵ̽ͷ̽ԣһְѰûȼڵˮ˽ˡ
İ紲ǰؾ͵Ȳ裡ĺõģ
İ֮У˶
ܳص̾һȥԴ૵ؾ͵ӣְꡣ
һˣĪؾ͵ְꣿ
ץСԴļ̌ͷӣ
ӣͨ͸֪İʮа˾ţŮϳ˶Ů
Ҳƣļ򣬺Ůȥˡ
İڴѾ˯ˡ
ӣԭվһָİϱӣ˳ȥ
İһ˯˯Сʱȵѹʱ򣬾Ϳҹɫī
ūϽźŵƣİһߴѥӣһ߾ʣʲôʱˣ
ūǴһ£İ籾Ϊҹˣһ֪ԼҲǰӹС˯һ
ݣͿӣһ²ɵļҳѣܰĵƻ֮£Է
ԼӣҡͷԵں
ֻԸǰзˡ
ӣͷİ¶źӣȡ
İ˰֣ʾؽ͡
ɨһۣ֪ӣһֱڵʱǸˡ
Ű
ĸʱҲˡ
ոճԹ̣Ǿʢʱ򣬶ŸƵĿת
İ˶ӣﻶϲʾĸѺӱ
ոսطGŤӣСĿ
޵ʱͺ͡СʱĿ޷һСèһĿʵģˡ
İص˺üӵƣöӱޣǶʧˡ
ССĿ޵úί
һ߿ޣһ߻ŤŤȥ
ĸȥƺҲûкصĸ˼
۾⣬˸Сͷ濴ʹ˵ӽǲͬ
һסİС꣬ϵİָѵܵˡ
İһͷŷ֡ɲǣԼָϵָӲѣڶСƨƨλá
ϽͰѶӵݵӣϣȻָ硣
һΣ粻ҲŤˡ
İЦãҡͷЦСӣƤ̫ۣ
ӣԱߣȻ뵽㶹ͯ
ԣ㶹磿
ۣ

ԺѾкһû˯һþˡ
ÿ˯ŵʱǰݺǻиָĶڡˮūŲ𾭹ɨӽɨڵ϶
ǲŮȥ𣬵ҲܽЩūŵÿͷġ
º󣬲һбĶˡ

ǶԽˣʱҪ˯
ڲ
ūǣ˵;ɥĸ֮ʹС̰˯
ټϳէҲûȫȻϰԺӵ㡣˯һūǲ̫ʱ
ǴԼһܴӴŴϴ
ŮӡһһĴĻ鰲ŵþعԼ밲
һñԼˣˡ
ӰһԱԽԡ
Ųյλֱҡͷ


449 

ҡͷҡͷﵽ׻Ǵ롪СӱϾǸ̫࡭
ôİ⡣
޹ģİܻһ
ʱ򣬶ŮΣԺ
һ졣

Ű겻ˣǺܹɵҲûİǰ㡣
˽Ŷȥ밲ʱÿζܼ
һˣŮӾĬĬػš
ϣֻпʱŻ¶һ˿顣
֣ԽԽˡ

ǰԺ鷿
ΪSߵūŶǴǰรŵС̫࣬Դ¶֮İͰѺSߵ˶ˡ
ֻһСƮû
SѾʮֿƣټ»һȦסǸ׵ˣֱûж
Sѹˡ
֮࣬ǻϸָĽڣūԭز
ȻСƮӣû˵ĵطһ
СƮҲ֪󰢸ֻ࣬ǸС̫࣬ûȥΪСʲô
Ҳܸıʲô
СƮָźSıģĬĬ

Ϊ̫ۺСƮӵĵó裬أмūԽԽˡ
ʱ򣬾˸淢İǰ˵СƮѵó裬˼бίʵɺޡ
İ籾ΪСƮӺźS̰棬ù飬˵˵ţüͷ
û뵽SȻ˺̫үһë
ǿѹĻİﵽ׻Ǵһݽҡ
ȵҹˣİŰɵؾȥ˺S뿴ǲūǸ淢
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ƻֻһ룬Sոд֣մīˮСƮӶͭڵϣźϴ֡
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Ҳ֪һ죬˵ʲôһ۵Сһ˲ȻСƮҡͷЦ
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СƮãǸ󰢸á
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S⻰㲻˵ʲôˡ
Ϊ¶İ翴źSݵʱ򣬱š
¹ȥİ㿴ˡƺûô¡
΢΢һ

ΪڲǰһͶһ𡪡ǿơ
ûµŮŰȣ˺üαơ
İСŮӣµŮ档


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ҧűʣӣָĲߣĸϾš
һһ߰ѱʽԱߵūţ˺һпϸҶ㡣
Ҷ㣬һ˫ཱུСڿбȻһ¡
ͯ޼ɡ˵֮뵽˶񣬾̾һ
ĸ֮ǰҲ˵˸֮ǰλรǴ󰢸ͶĶ
ĺģʾοͬʱ㣬ǽһɢɢҲá
ĵԴܾɥҡҡͷˣҲˡ
һ˵һ߾еĳӣһûһµĴţȻִūнӹ˱ʡ
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451 

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һЦĽ㣬Ϊ㻭ġѻͷأ
һ˵һ߾͵תеıʸˣָֽϵ㿴°ڣĻߺװΡǱ˼ģѰ

˵˰죬˵ˡ
϶ڱϳԵģҲ˸뱥
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һֱ͵ԺſڡŮֱ֣϶ǰַסĸļĸ֡
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ӣŮ˵øˣͷһź˵Сŵĺӻǲûаġ
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ǲร϶Ǹģͷһ´ξδҪϣֻù϶Ϲɡİתͷӣ
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ӣ߹ıģİү֮ǰһ棬ĺܣ
һתͷ񣬹ɫ͵ģðΪѡ
⻰˵úˡ
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452 

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һضһӲ˿á
ӣոĸι̡
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׼СһԷ龰ΪǶϲЩˡ
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Ứۿһֱתรȥһֱ棬ҲģΪ֪รǸˣһֱǣ
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һ㲻ŵһ䡪ͺ˰ûԹһٱһ
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һ˵һ߾תͷԸöϽʢһһһߺȡ
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ĻûĺڸԺɾˡ


453 󵨵ļ

⻹ֻһµĹ⾰
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ƾС޵һֱƢֻҪ˿ӣ̫ײˡ
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۾Ҳɵôġ
ղŰѸƵǰȻֱҭסˣ
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ӣϽְŮİ˱סˣѾҭˣ
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ӣŮСԴذӶ˹
⼸·鶼һ
ǳϦ֮ҹ˸СŮ÷
ȻİԺūŶһ顣
صͶ׼รԺˣƫƫŶʹ󰢸硣
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ô׷ʲôİһԶŮȫʧأ
ӣȻʹ˸䡣
һ󵨵ļ衪Ǻܿ죬ֱԼˡ
Ӧܣ
ϵٴѵСӲҪ


454 Ѫ

รԼϵһѸСԣڰʱصԺ
Լӣڴ£ְѸ㱧ڻ
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⸮Ψһܸůˡ
ЩǸ㣬ҲǾ
ôţȦŮźԼϴ֣Ȼ򿪰ϧľóһɣͽ
ร֪ϲζصģصظϵġ
ԵĺСġֻסˣַԸŮǽʣµĸСպá

ϣԸʱΪɴףúһЩ
ſӣ뵽ร˵Ļ⼸죬ֻҪǸɾģζ嵭ЩҲҪŬһЩȥ
ΣһˣҪԼҪչԼ塣
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ܿ֡óԣһҪŬԵѶľͷġ
ƣҲû˵ʲô
ȴĿ˼֮⣬ػصڶϺͷ֮Ѳ

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ЦǰȥԼؿ½ϵժҪ졣
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ãһö˶ˣùˡ
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ȫǰɫ֡
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ҲѧһЩֵģʱɴۣͿϿͷдšSҶ
SҶ
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ֱ̧ݺݵز˲ᣬʲôϵ
ϴһ˿ϷʵЦ۹ⳤþõʳһ˲
ΪҪƷʳУϽܹȥͬ䱦һģͽӣʳбԼͷ
Ҳʳе»ֱӾͷ˱֮ϣСӵס۹ŭ˻ߵصڴʲô⣿


455 ֽ

ûлشֻЦЦһֱôչġ
ȻͲ˴еһ˿Ľ뼵ʡ
ͷģรһֱҺܺã
ȥôжãܱȶĺӻҪãͶСȻʲôȵ󳤴ˣѵʲôôԸĺӡҪˣ
һӾͱҭ˵ˡ
ЦЦãոûĸףรҲֻǾÿ㣬ôǶŽлӡҲǻ֮ĵġ
˼תÿ죬ЩһӲ֪ôӦԣԭһСͨ졣
ŽţǵģรöĴҵģĵģ
һһ˫Ȼǰ·ң֪վüġǲţ󿴰ɡ
һ˵ţһ߾תҪߡ
ν׷ȥסӱݺݵҶŻң
֣չʾӸ˵ʲôʲôţ
пտҲǷͲ֪Ųصȥˡ
ԭһţȻͶ
ĵͷβŶȻãǰƲҶʱôҲûԼôһգ

ڶ죬Ѿѻͼƺˡ
ȵϰظʱ򣬲ŵǰ鷿׼ͼֽ͸ס
İ鷿ﻹſͣһֱ˵á
ЩȲܵ˸ڸȥ
ѾˣԼ飬˵һʦҪУΣá
һץ飬һ߾ͶҾûջԺˣҶԶ˵һ
ͷӦˣʱһתͷSԺ߽С֣üͷһģ
ĵá
ǰ˵˭֪SԼ£ó񡪡ѹͻûע⵽Ա߻վŸ
߽ܿȥ
վԭأףȻʹӵϼһСʯͷźSµλþ˹ȥ
Sոǰ£Ҫ飬һ
ƿʵ˭
ȻſЦеվԺУǰ鷢ȥ
SĬĬվڴߣϰſڴϣǿ񼷳һкЦݡ
Ȼˡ
ŵŵŵ˹ȥվڴ£źSСܲã֪ô
Sʹ۽޿飬һ·Ҫ״Ԫģ
⻰ë΢΢˲ŵ֪
԰һ¡Ҳֻһ˲䣬ָֻܿ糣
Sۿ飬ޱ飬һһ۵صøͶԵöȰȰ⡣ҡпԵġһջס
վԭأһ˲ȻСһ͵ش˸硣
SĬĬ˸Ϳ͵ƵòҪˣǸϽȥա

һİſͳˣ˹ȥ
˰鷿еĻȥ
ʢžͰѻչ
ΪѾǵһλˣ˲پ飬ͼֽʮ־¡
İĿֽϣҲһ¡Ҳû뵽ŮȻôá
ǸƵѣİЦֶʾ⣬ʾԼ
һ¾͹ȥˡ
пİߣס˸׵ĸ첲ָŻֽÿһ׽⣺Ů첲ŵÿЩдֵʱ
ȡ
ϴŵϺõƤΧ޵ë߳еһСҲ·һȦΣʮֿɰ
İһţһְһֻɰʽΡҵʽ֦Ϊ֦ϻҶӡ
Ŧһһ
˼ȴת˷ſ˵ϡ
˵˵ţͿ״̬۹ⶢһϾþδû˵ʲô
졣
İһ£Ȼ񣬲ſŮС֣һ˫ںڵĴ۾̧ͷЦеͷԼ
Ҳ˵
ͿԼô
İеھΣͷ񻭵ͼֽϣȫСּ֣ŤŤÿһǽ巿˸ôעɽ
еĵطЩֲдǾͼδˡ
ⶼСްһƬТء
İһü֣µֵ棬ŵܵߴŵͷŮ϶úܺãϲ
һۣһӾЦ

һЩʱİǣŮС֣صӣԺ


456 Ԯ

ΪİѾ֪ͨӣ֪Ҫŵġ
磬ڳһ̵Ʋս֭⡣
⻹ǰӺŵʱһп
˵ʲôɽ亣ζȲ̵Ƶζ
Ա߾͵ͷͬ⡣
Ȼϲ̵ƣӣͿʼĥһ̵Ʋս֭⡣
赹ӣؼֻ֭ķҪ㣬̵Ҫ㹻͡
һϺ÷⡪ϴɾ֮ȥ˽Ĥмõ￪һڡ
ν÷ιм⣬зݣ˿ݺύԳԵʱر۶㣬һҲ塣
öϡ
÷⿪֮󣬾ͳһСڴ״ʱѺü̵Ƹȥ̵ͻûϽڡ
֮÷ԲģڴƵġ
ӣСĵذؿռóĲս֭÷ϡٷƬкõĴжΡ
ΪʱûбĤֻֽһһ㣬ȷ֭͸֮󣬷ŽСŷıͰ֮С
͵ǷŽˡ
ȵһʱ֮ó֭ζѾ͸÷֮С
ʱˢһۣƵġ䡱÷⿾һյ蹦
ʱȡڶˢһս֭棬һյ蹦
Ƭƴ̡
󹦸ɡ
õ̵Ʋս̲֭ĵƵģӺݻ
ӣϽȥ˼ΣͷְڷȻûʲô⣬ȴͿʲôˣڳͣԴҸΧ
ǻԲԲָо
Ϊˢһ֭ۡĿƬڵƻ֮Ե÷
м̵ƱͣƳγε̵ð
񿴼̲סۣһ
İ籾ڿ飬һпʶظҲ̧ͷ
ڹʱ˼ڿôӦԻʰˣûϺúóԷҲͶˡ
һӣµؾӣʲô
ӣһ£˵ֻ÷Ѽûˡ
ȷʵûˣ˳տռóĲս֭
İӳ˼ڣʱŮ˶θڴ󿪡
̲סпͽ첻ţǿˣ
ôһ˵İӣЦ
Ȼ˼С⽡ˮ峺۵ϺڴƤ͸һл
ԵСȫǺͷ̧ˡ
ûŮ̵Ʋ⡣
СŷﻹиŵһСݣһ͹ȥ
ӣһ˵һ߾Цſһİ硣
Ȼ⻰ѯ
İֱ˼¶ػ˵
žͺá
һС⽣ϲٲ¶ǣСǶǶԲˡ
α֮ϣһʱûƽʱһܻԼȥ
Сҡβͽ棬ûᡣ
ӣ֪ŮǳԳˣǽԼָŮŶӡ
۾ӣһȻ˯ˡ
˯ˣǷͺýˡ
һ߸ŮŶӣӣһ߾Ϳİܺõӡ
ǸܺõĻᡪܰ
ôţľͰѶʳθڣսݵ˵һ顣
Ȼ˵ĺת
¶ֱ˵򷴶Եúñ߹ģָԺŰƵġ
İǴˣžͻعζˡ
¿ӣסӣ֣Լ

ϣۼӵָѾߵҹˡ
ӣȥһ硪Ա㣬Ѿ˯ˣĸ밲š
öԱ߶š
ӣ̧ƣĸַԸúտ硪³磬ͼ˵Ƶġ
ӣݣͿİѾϴˣһذɫ£վڴͷ˼
ӣŶ顣
Ҳûٶᡪڴˣһ£˵һξѾ㹻ˡ
˵˶ٴΣû˵
ģȻġ
ģ˵ٱҲǹ硣

һƬɣ΢΢׽
İͷһھ͵ôʱ򷴵ˣ
ӣһЦ־ͰѶǰһͣүҲ
İ΢΢ÿ֣оصζأ𳢡˿θ͸ҹˣ
ӣ仰ˡǳԻ˵仰
ȥͰѶ
İ۽ǺЦһü߬ס󣬰һ
˶Цһ˲ӣԹԵ
ıǼİؿڵļ
İĶ΢΢˶٣ֱҲսˡ


457 Ҫ

İйɵǳˮһī
ӣţ̲סӣؿڡ
̲סñǼȥ˲Ĳ
İ紹ۿŻӣɳ͸һ˿棺ӣ
ӣֱסĸ첲ŽԴĻ˲䣺ϲζ
İ˱ۣغһͷӣԴеεЦЦȥӣʮָۡ
ӣ̧ͷͿİ۽ǺЦЦ磬ĬĬĿһ
һ߿һ΢΢ҡͷЦ
ӣۣսİ֡
·ǶӦһ㣬İ籧һֱֻսˣ

棬ŷöʿ
ʿС̫ڰˮ
ղźİϴˮ˲١
ŷˮͭİһð
ЩรǶ˵ʲôʱͲˡߴʿ
ʿ˼Ͼүˡ
ֻϴЪ£ЪĻҲͰˡ
ү£ưҹʮֻպü
СӺСˣɻɵĶ޲Զôȥźأ
Ժӵӣ˼ˮء
ŷţС̤ҲԺӡոǰ鷿һˣ˵Ʋ⡣
Ͷ࣬ʳԼϲ̵ƣʱ޶ҹ͵ļֱ̫ʱˡ
Сֵ÷УЦüЦ۵ؾ͸ѿӶںˡ
󰢸SԱߣĬĬš
Ҫӣ뵽磬Sһԡ
Sҡҡͷ

ǰ鷿ӣԺӵ·ϣСһ·ţһ߾ͺǺǵҡҡͷ
󰢸ƢҲԽСӺģԲԡ
˭Ҫ
ŷСö˵ö￴ţȻȥſš
ⲻȱ
öԹԵص˵ͷŷˣʿվţ͸Ѱһŵӡ
Сӹˮûã˼䡣
ʿС̫¯ӵƵ̾һͶСӵż¶ˡ
Сζˡ
ʿǾãŷԸĵ̣СԺӵĹ̫࣬Ҳָֻš
Сˣøʿ¡
Ųмʱ˼˷ء
СһŻȥ˲ร˵ҹõ㣬ȥĲ˵ϲĺܡ
⻰һ˵֤รϲ
Žֺӵ£
Сôţſߣȴöſһųϵġ
С߹ö˼ԹԵؾվų˿
СҲû룬־ذ˰öļʾ
öͷ۾Сӡ
Сĥ飬Ҳûôע⵽ö
ʿĿöϣͰ˰

ȵСӳȥˣСվڽϢؾ͸ˡ
Ҳڲรźūš
ʱร
İֲ̫
Ǹܹס¶ġ
ǲ˺Сӱ顣
СӱǸİźģʢͽܣǰūеĺˡ
СӵҲķڷ
ʿһ뷨ˡⲻǸŷС̫࣬Ϊղʶ˹
ŷ˵Щ˴ͶղĵĴʹūš
ôø˸Ժӣӵūȣ
Сôţв֮УǶСӾøˡ
ȻûǸ£ҲûǸͽӡ
ôܰͽǰ˵ϻūţҲá

ƻϨˡ
ƣȫԶˡ
ԺСûûأһˮͰӰԺֱơ
һ̧ͷˡ
üͷ£վ̨ϣͳСֱ°͡ʾȥ
˰ү¡

֪˶ãſڰ۷죬˯ˡ
ӣƿİ磬Լߺعڱ
Ըһֻӡ
İ׼ūˮһͷӣ⸱ģǴֹһ˿Цݡ
ǹһǡЦݸտʼеԴ޵˼
ǿˣڵƻЦݾԳаȡ
ӣ˿̲סһ£ôʱһĺ«ҪкڵĴ
ϵĲʣֶ
İһӾЦˡ
ЦĲ񻰣ҲĲ񻰣ÿü֮䣬紺ǳ
İ縩˿ӱסӣȻȻĵسһ±ӽǡ
Ϊūʱˮӣŵþһ
Ӧ֮ӣİؿںߺصү
Ŷ


458 ĺ«

İЦ˰죬ͷ˳ĳɤֵͳ᣺ôһžˣС
ӣҪˡ
ĬĬᡣ
İڱһһӣС֣߬һֻĺף
ͽӣȫԼˡ
ӣֻö΢΢е㷢̣İһĿڱקָƮƮȥе㲻ҸþõĶӡ
Ҫ
ˣΪʲôڶӵʱĶ
ְİƻȥˡ
İһЦҲǿӣָѹ˱ӣϸĵؽӽᣬַȥһƤϵĳŽӣڴ
ūŽ
һ˰ݵƻӳľһ棺İһذɫ£΢΢Щ㡣
תͷؿŴϵӣ

ūŽˮ£ֻʣһˣҪǰȥźรϴԡİ̧ҡҡ
һͷѱӣ˴Ӷ
ȻԵӣߵΰҪˡ
İ磺Լߡ
İһüߣȵҲӣߡ
ˣ
ӣűӣ޲ֳס죡

ϴԡ֮İ±˴ϡ
һ칷˳ȥˡ
ﾲĵģֻʣˡ
Ͼ˸ˮ衪ӣᱳʹˡ
Ůǳȥˣİͷӣ
µļỬϸ壬һ㡣
İգ˶ȥˡ
ӣ֪˵⻰˼Լˡ
ǰ˿˳־§סİĲӣ˲䡣
İþõظͷһû˵
ͷͷһ
ӣſؿڣŴˮɫĺ
İϢƽȡ
һӣΪİ綼˯˵ʱ򣬺Ȼ̾һӵ飬үء
ӣһ£׹İ˵Ƕ顣
ԺԲθڵķˣսݵ顣
ˣġ
һ촽˵İԴ
Ĵ˳ӣĺ󲱾»һֱļιϣȻ
ӣĻˡ
һԴҡһεѿİƣȴİںڰипһ䣺⸮Ҳֻӣ
⻰˵ûͷûԣӣһ¡
ʲôͷ
û˵ӣŽţڱһİȡ
İЦҡͷͷһۣĶͷ
ϸһζʮĵؽ͸˵Ŷ񣬵ҿԺľơ˸⣬ĸǶǲóģû˴ڸС
ʢİʲôҲͶ붼롣
Ļ绻˱ĻӸĳʵ׳Կġ
Ʃչ˶񣬶мǣĶࡣ
ҪŶʲôֽţȦף¿ӡ
ֱ練ơ
ӣšţŶŶֱͷ
ȵİ˵ˣеδӣſİؿڣСǣүôǡıԶǡĿ桢հԶʶ˲˵һѺ֣ѵᱻЩСɱ𣿡
˶٣ǳ϶ĵͷү϶֪ʲôѽ
ô׾پͱأ
ôúƵɵôδӺأ
İ类ʺƨĵеΣӦ֮ǹһ˿Цݣڱһ͵үֻǸٸ֤
ӣȻȫġ
˶٣Ŀбų磬ӣ̧ȥͿⱻɫȾһƬᡣ
˿˾
ӣ΢΢򴽣սİߣĶ
С˶ϢůůĶߡ
桢綬ĵһѩ
峺ֶ˵ĵζ
ӣˣİһЦص֪үΪҺá
ԹԵص˵ͷȻȴе˺庢ӣҼס˰סˣİĺ«
Ҳ֪˭ں˭
İؿ˺һ鲻˼ʵĺ«
ӣһӾͱס˺
ֱεҪԭȥ
Ҫˣư˵ٶȲϴԣ
ôܰѡĺ«ֶ˵˳أ
Ӧ֮ӣϽȥֱסİĲӣһһүү


459 ȫش

İ粻ΪֽԼϳ
ĿЦЦһԣ΢΢˹ֵӣԺһֻֽסͳʵʲô«
ӣסˣ˶ȵ
˵ɣ
ԴУҪˣκۡ
Ϊڴѹ͸ġ
ʵ
ν򣬾
ӣʵʵİԼΪʲôѿڶֵԭ򣬸˵һ顣
Ϊʼʱİ춥һűɽһĿʵ̫Į
Ҳô˵һĺ«һ
ǣﺰİ硰ĺ«ˡ
ӣ꣬İôһ˲û
ӣһָСĵش˴ͿİͷЦ
ӣͷһ𣬸ž죬Ц
үֻİĸ첲
İһЦһҡͷסգε̾һ㰡
ԺҲֻܸɵó顣
Ȥġĺ«νİ粻ɵؾ뵽˺ܾԶͯꡣ
뵽СʱڰһЩȤ¡
İסӣļͷͷ粢˵
㲻֪ڿǫǫӣСʱƤˣֱ
İͰСʱͯȤ£˵ӣ
˵ЦһӣվЩˣİؿھСĺˡ
İ籧ļӷȥˣϸĵؽӽҴá
Ըȥ뵽ĺ«νʱεЦҡҡͷ

ڶӣѹʱİѾˡ
վſھѯ˵ǰŶ˽ڴأǷȥá
е㡪ǴϣáˡĴݣһ㲻š
ӣ룬źԼȺҴһҳѣͷٳȥ
뵽ͣеǸΡŽҪ𣬸һٽ鷿֮ǰš
ųȥӣͿѾԣ룬ڳһ˴лС⽡
õϲһӣ͵Ĳ;ߡӣ״֦ױ
ױֳִ󣬱ŮСȥͷѾúܡ
õ̡
ϻٸ㣺ġĸ⡢춹̻֡ư
ˮ󵰡
һ̧ͷˣǸ߸˵ܹȥӣ˺һӡ
ȵĸŮ˶ˣ־ͷѾؿˮ󵰣Ҫԡ
ȻˮģϾﻹЩֻ̣Сץż̵òס
ŮǼ״ϽҪæסˡ
Ҫְˣιԣ

ĸŮһţһӣͰѶŮ˵ˡ
˵ġ¶ȻѾͻн֮ˡ
նǱߣֻҪһ䣬϶ġ
ο⼸죬ܹŵġ
˵Ϳ챻ˣҲܸˡ
ţʱˣǰһֻСӣܵԺſȥŵˡ
ĸػߡ
Сſϣ
ãҲӣҲûôš
ȥŷһȦ
ŵĸз˾ࡢ֥ɸ⡢С
ȲռȡƬ㡢һϵĲ̵ơ
Ȼʣµģֻǰһģһһ顣
ӣǵϴһۣǺϲģд˿⺢ҲûŹ
ƿζƫ
ķּ̩ʽϺײˣ˿
ӣʿһ
ƤͣûлҲû֥顪ʲôûС
ʱӣŮ˵ĻūһƬ밲֮
м仹СĹ
Ƕˡ
ȻͿֵܡ
ܵñ񻹿졪·รεİȫش
ȵݣ񻹴ͷԺһۡ
ūǶվԺĬĬ
ӣҲû˵ֱӾͷźӵļ򣬰Ѷ쵽Աˡ
һֵֹĲˣȻɳü۾ǲܿƵصɴˡ
ǿҲ
ʿ˽ðıƤ
Ůϴˮ
ϴ֮ӣָָԱζ˱ǵ˿Ҩһ־͸ʾ˿ڱƤȻϡۣԣ
ǰรԺڸԺûٳԹĳԷ
˵ˡ


460 пͱ

ԥԥؿԱߵһۡ
·ɷһ㣬ѹ£ֱӾŰװֵС֣ץһ˿˽ȥ
һۣͽ
ˮһ㣬öĿɿڴ
һתͷԼǳŶһЦ
վһƤֹһ˿Ȼֱ͵˶㣬ԡ
һֶûֱӾͱιͶʳˡ
СԴ΢΢ϴһ˿ȣǽ˿ҧһڡ
Ҳ̫ˣ
н˹
˿ֿθȻͣǺ͵Ƥһϡֱϡ
˿ߣСһͷ̧ϸϸľͰһ˿Թˡ
ɵϴһԵ̫ҭţӣѾǰŮˡ
һָʢһһ߾ģʳ飬ͻģſĵһȡ
̧һ˫۾߻顣
ӣһ˲Ȼվӣ
ӣϽһ֣Сסˡ
ɵӣ
ҲԱקص㣬ҺͶﶼܹ㣡
ӣСԴ˳ְߵļ˿ҷ𵽶ȥŵӣѣҪż˻һôûѹصʱ
ؼôȥӦԡ
˶٣СʶΪʲôһʵĻᣬ㰢أ
ǰʱ䣬İҲԺȥġ
ᵽ꣬ʱͱòˡ
ỨҲ˳
ᰢ꣡ҲҪ԰˵
߬Сȭͷվԭأغ˳
Ϊ̫ˮӶ˳
һ䣬ϵɫӷŭתΪƣСԴ
ûסۿˮͳſӣϣรնȻҲͦչңġչˡչ˲һҸоó
ֱݺݵĨһᣬſֵСֱ۱סӣӣŵҾõնң
ӣ֪˼˵ȻҲŮϡ
ֵСӿԼһһ޵úġ
˺һ̧СƴỨӣͰ͵ؽͣรҿ޵öˣ㡭ͷң
ǵǰﻹڵʱԼ͵ܵǿˣѵǣǲ
˵õı֡ر
ӣ˾һֱסӣһˣȻϲŭ֡
øˡ
ӣһһظĺ󱳣ŵ˵õն㡣ҲʵΣҼˡҲδرһ¡ն뽫ߣ˵ܿóڰеķ㰢ꡭǺġ
⻰һСӣ̧ӣ
ӣժԼؿ½ϵӣϸĲ˲СǼϻһ飬˳ָȥˡ
С񣺡㰢굱һ㶼ˣľֻΣ
ûдǶȣ˼⡣
⧲۾
ӣ֪ԼЩ͵ĺ˵ٻǲпͱһЩ
ԱߣһֻռڿУеսһ֥ɸ⡣
֥һӡ
ʱĻҲ˼ķ˼ȣС
ӣӷŻϣס˶ֻС֣Լ룬ڶʱһԱ˵üֵˣδһ¡
˶٣һ㣬Ըⱻõˣõ˱ˡ
ڲˣ̧ͷӣ

ȥ·ϣ˼á
һŵʱ򣬶һ̬أûƽʱһĬĬŷˡ
ĸʾŮв˵ʱ򣬶վ͸ĸл
ĸһ⺢Դӹ֮󣬱Լô******ʱҲǱһ޾ʵ
ôˣ
лܹԵλȥ
ȻĸŮС̲ˡܼеʲô嵭ʽ񶼴ڴڵĳ
ڶϣҲûǰһ˯
Ȼҹ˯ܲŬ˴ŮźԼͷ·
˶ȥն밲
ŵն𴲵ģһתͷȻҲˡ
ʰ
ô磡
°ͶҪˡ


461 

ӣԺתѾ˶ڡ
֮УǸ̫أӲ׳ܣʱز۵׶
ǹﻹǹ⡣
ۿ¡¡һһ׳ĳ
طGҲǸˡ
ʽֵ飬ʱҲճ̡
幬֮Уӻн
ƩֱĻӣʵ껹С֮ǰ
СС;زˡ
Сֽг𡢳졪ǡСֿͷ
꣬ĿһʧȥӣȻʮʹǴֱطA̫طAʼͱ˱塢ɡ
֣еʲôȻԶ
˵ҲɣԴӽֱ̫֮ӵȷʵסˡ
ƽƽس
طAطA֣֮ˡ
ӻطʼ¹ơǰһֶáط
ڿĻǣԡ롱Ϊһ֣ӡաڶִ
͡SNЩɡ
ӣһֱڴĺ«ոСǵȵİڶ죬ӹ߸˵ذѴ֣ʱ
ӣ֣˲ͫ׵ˡ
ܵ˾š
İǡѣ
롭ӣͰ͵ʵ
İֽī֭д֣˺һֱƣԵ֮ɫ
Żͦ⣬˵ǻʰ͵ġ
ӣ͵ԭ
֮ǰĬĬ˺һӣΪİ϶ť»ϡ
Ǭ¡ť»϶
ȻŤ«ڻԵĬĬšǱʷϣť»ϾǺ˵ġ
û뵽Ȼ硣
ȻǺ
ȵȣӣԻ·Ȼתһ¡
˵Խʱգδ±ͬʷһģһ
ôҲһпܲǬ¡
ôԽţԽԴһ޻ĺܡ

ӣɵ˺һϥ˺ӡ
˳ƾգĬĬǰ
İ翴⸱ģΪӣǵ磬ǹְϣο˼䣬˵ѾǸµʱˣһĽ׳
ò磬õġ
ӣĬĬᣬ²ۣ֪ҵĵʲôѽ
ʱѾСˣ̧Ŵ̨µϡ
ȻϷŵʲôдʲô绹Ǻܸ˵Сơ
Ȼּ˼
·ڱʾַǳ⣡
ӣ鸴ӵĻعͷȥСӣͷ۵Ǭ¡𡭡
һаСӣͿЦ
һЦһ߾ķˣ
ӣ֮ǰһֱںԱ߽źꡢ
Ͼͻ̫СˣҲֵֻܺۡ
Ȼǵ֣İӣȻ˺ӵ˼
˶Цúܻϲ

ΪڹϺȵüˣİ綺һӣ;ýЩӿ
Ҳ㵽ˡĳ̶ȣʲôģ϶ǿˡ
ӣڱţ;İ·ʱ򣬲ӶЩб
ҷүЩϢɣϽǰȥסİĸ첲
İ类סֱۣӣֻôЩȣǸϽūˮźүϢ
İַסһԵǣ֪ôģȻͲˡ
ǺӣӣûӣֻվסͿİ˳ȥ
ĸƽʱ庢ӵλϣӣ¡
ӣΣ£ȥİ磬Ϳİ⡪Ϊմ˾ԵʣܴЩת졣
ƽļᶨ뾫ˡ
üۼÿ컵̬ȡѵһķ顣
ӣһȻ̲סס죬͵͵Ц
İ֣۹һҲû뿪ӡ
΢΢ЩЦʲô
ūǳΣͱ˿ȥ
ӣͷİͷףŷҲİκһغԣ
һԵСϣܿĵؿŸĸ顣
һ߿һ߻ϵ֣ȥĴŵתС
Ҳ֮ǰӣָСߡӵġ
һȦɫĹΧֳתľһɰˡ
ǵ֮ǰոչȥʱ綼ɵˣѽѽĽţ࿪ˡ
ʱСѹС
û뵽ڣѾȥˡ
ӣҪ˶ã⹫лҲͱסˡ綼ñδǬ¡һ档


462 һҹ

һİľǱѹȥһЩ
ҡҡλεվַӣļָָǰȥ
ӣߵм䣬Ϳİ粽Ӷˡ
αϾߴ·סϽͺūǽæ
ȵİӣˣžͷ۵ԽԽˡ
ӣΣҲĺ«ôǿԼûֱӾȥСŷ˽Ʋ͹
Ȼڴͷİȡ
İǿ˼ڣ;ĿڵĶһһϷֱҪڹϳԵķ˶³ˡ
һ˵ƵĿζ
̧ͷ嶾ҲǺԺ֮ǰΪӭӶڣԺӶװΡ
ഫĶϰףͨΪʱů嶾û֮ʱʼС
嶾аܶ񡢻סƽ
⻹в嶾ɰϽƣǰͷַҵġ
չĹأЩһֱҪ³ȡս֮ⷿС
İеζһһķġ
üźɰ˺üۡ
ӣأͷԸŮɰȡˡ

İ粻һ˯ȥˡ
Ϊ֮ǰֳҪµģкüΡӣⵣҹ˳
Ƶˣ˯֮Ż£ûտˣʵʮΣյġ
Ϊ׽ŻǺܣӶϢ
ӣҲû˯ŮհڵǰһѾƲ衢һϷŵͨȲˮ
Կš
ʱѾˣڶ첻İ绹Ҫ
ôǰŵһ㣬İҲ˯˶á
Ȼҹӵʱ컹ţİѹˡ
ӣѾϻ˵̺ϡ
ſڴߴ˯ġֱϡ
İۣһŲֱϻѹŸ˶
ԱһתͷͿӣС˵ġ
˯㡣
ɵӡôԼһҹ
İ練Ӧֶ֮ӣĺģ˽ˣɳɤһҹ
ӣ˯Ժһ۾һߵͷȻ󿪿ڵһ仰İ磺үܵû
İȻЩκ׵ġǰļͷ۵úܡ
ӣ߬ס֣Ȼתͷūǽźүϴ
Ůŵľͽͭ衢ë¡
İֻһ۾ͣรһҹ֪Ȱô
Ůǵ˲ŵһƬ԰ףϽµūǸūǸ
ӣİ֣Сͣҵ˼
Ȼֽİֻ˻Ρ˼ǱŮˣǶˡ
İӣˣҲ̾˿˵ʲôˣַӣϴš
ȵϴ֮ɫҲȷ¶һ˿İۿʱǲٵˣǴҴžˡ
Ǹѩ޻ľһ˾öͣɵġһδɳں󣬳¯ɫڸҲ嵭
ﻹԼһЩζһܳԳĵԸо
ӣ֮ǰһͺϲӴ˾Ͱóͳʽ
ʿҲѧˡ

ȵİˣӣӴһԵľˡ
ȥ硣
绹˯У˯ú㣬СС΢΢߬ȭͷߣˮ˳
ĸԱţԴҲһһģöְˡ
ĸһ̧ͷรˣϽҪ񣬱ӣ̧ˡ
עȫںϡ
ӣŶӿɰģ̲סĸġ
ǰȥ֣ӽߵĿˮ
˯ľͲôһĽëգգʱˡ
һۣĸ׵ߣĸģֿСˡ
ӣǰ㵸ĶӸ
ʱĵСꡪ˿ƬӨ
ӣڴȥһһûһµĴźӺ󱳣һ߾͵֣
һеȻͷ·һɴ
ССҲҶˡ
֪Լ֡

ԺûգİѾʢصȥ˴ŷ
֮ǰรԺӵūŴ򷢵Ĵ򷢡Ĵû¼
ڴŷרˣ֮ǰҲԺĳһʦġ
ⵣӡ
ʢ˵İԭǳӰղ׼ôͶรԺζ
ͳԵùǱߡ
ţһ߶еЦݣʢֱͷһ߾ͺ޲ʢӣλѵٴŷչ¡
ָһЩźá
ʢĵ˵ˡѵף
ֱȥŷรԺӸĳӣ˰


463 Ͷұ

Ժȵط˶õı仯
˶̵ʱڣȻһƵġŵոʱÿ밲ñȴ硣
̬Ҳǹġ
֣ŬѧϰԹɫ
ȻһһܽӲȴŬسš
ٱ磬ʳŵʱ򣬶Ҳǰһˣڴ֮ǰ˷
ľڶõı仯
ֶʵɵԤϵģҪ죬һǴ񣬻Ƕ񣬶ǸŮ
˵ϵŮϡ
ҲѾһ
仰˵ڵĸ˵С֮䣬ûо޴Ȼࡣ
һҪ׼˴ҲһͲܽܶ
Ͼݣô˵δ֪
˵ı仯ֻĶ֮䡣
ȻŮôֻĸСֵûˡ
֮󣬴ʱΣˡ
ǿΣȥڸݣȺ밲
һΣѵõع
ҲŰ꣬һĴǰüԵģĬĬظ񣬹ԹԵվԱߡ
ýͿֻСֶ߬ȭͷﲻס΢΢
Ŭš
Ȼ󣬰¶˾Υһ˿Цݡ
ȻܵڴУһ
ôҲû뵽ǰһֱͷԣɵĶãһͷС
ȻչŶİǰһݴڸУҲΪնܰѺչ˵úܺá
Ű̬ȵת䣬ӡ֤һ㡣
ͬʱֻҪܶ಩һЩĹģҲ굽Ժ
ز˸Ͷ֮䣬ڽĳ΢Ĭϡ
оһ亹
ǣС⸮֮䣬ʼǶϲһЩġ

һһ
˱衪Ө͸ıʷ֮ͭУðֱڷĲͬλá
ѧҵԽӣĲࡣ
Ҳûʲôˡ
һ˰ռ˵ܵܡ
ãŮǰգڷƳ֮ǰ
Ȼ־ѧŴ˵ӣģĿʼƳ
һƣһﻹ߳Ų֪ĸ硣
翪ʼ۾С㣬棬еˡƳĶҲԽԽ
ΪǴܵ浴ǧء
类ˣ۵ľͼп
ĸϽȰ˵СͻСôš
棬ӣӿҲˡ
ոһζͿܱܵԼˣΡ
ǣҲЩڨڨվ۵΢΢Ҵææضӣ˵һҴС⽳ȥ档
ȻͰˡ
С˦β͸˳ȥ
ֻ¿޵鶼ˢˢʵԻֵŽţƳﺿ

ʱ屴үϵĲร϶˵รԼ͡
ӣ뵽ĸ񣬾һЦӡ
֮󣬹϶ϴĸԼˡ
ǸĶŵĽֹˣǸˣһ˫Сȣܵıȶﻹ졣
ոһĸǰһĸϴѺƯ
ϴΣĸѡ
񻹼ǵãԼʱͼֽĸ
ĸ˵ȵԼ巿
ҲΪĽôһ˵û뵽ˡ
ֱϿɵĸоֱ̫гɾ͸У
˫۷Ҳˣܹȥһץסĸ󣬴ܡ
ĸվԭأȻСΣ̸ֹȴСƵġ
һЦصã𼱣һ㡣
һ˵һ߾תͷʾūǽ
϶һΪڣûôлӣ˵ϻһΣȻһ˴ŮЦŶӣ˵˲ٶȤ¡
ڳԽ磬˵Ȥ渶˵Ƶġ
ϾŮ϶˵˵ţᵽ˹﹫Ļ¡

ȵ϶ĸŮ֮ĸóӣ
ĸһֻӡ
ӣɫ΢΢һ𡪡ϾԽôЩ꣬˲ʹ֪ͣϵƷɫ
ĽҪ͸ҵġлϴ͸ĻֽһһԣϲһֻһһֻЦ۶ӣ
ܹץס˶֣ȫȻһֻСӣ߸˵ؾͰӣֱƣÿø


464 ĸŮ̸

ȻǴϵġ
ӣֹŮĶŸ˵ǺǴ˵ײϵġ
ӦЩɥףԼСС䣬ʼϴ
ӣͷŮë׵Ķ̲ס͵ͷͷһڡ
Сްİʲôöһ뵽Ǹ
ȻԼ
ȻֻһС£ӣĸ׵˲ӿһů
СӺɵľͨϸϸ
̧𣬶չһ˲һЦĵÿ
˵ˣֵĽ㻹˵ˡһӾȥ帮ϣһأ
˶٣ѴͶ㶼ˡ
ӣ΢΢һ£漴ͷӦȻǹ϶ϵ˼ˡ
Ůӣֱֻܲһ
룬ҲͰˡ
ֻһŪãװˡ
Ľһӣ׼ʲôظĽ㣿ӣŮСЦе
͵ҵʱҪĽĽ㲻Ҫ
һ˵һ߾ǰסĸ׵ĸ첲ӣϵҲû뵽һֻֻһͼֽ͸Ľ㣬ĽͰȥ͸ҡ
˵Сֲ͡˼ġ
˵̾һ
ӣͿŮСһСֱҡͷԵصĽͶ㣬ȻϿӲһһľһզզҾãǺģʶˣȻҲܳΪ־ȤͶС顣
ŬͼĸױԼ˼
ӣŮôһĲһƪƪۣɵؾЦˡ
Ц֮Ůе죬ϽЦ⣬ʵôأ
Сǰʱ֮ʱ͸ʲô죬һһİ֮ǲգ㻹ˣ
˵ˣĸһЦ˵ǲǺ񣿡
ӣ룬סŮһ˫С֣ԣʶҲˡеˣǵûиж֮ģγֱ׳ȡϰߣΪżһûָĲǡ֡ѡԶ롣
˶٣ֵ֮еˣʲôȻֱ˵ҪҪʼռǵĺãĬĬͶұѣֵ
ˡ

ʱڣʱůʱûһӣӣȥ밲ʱ򣬾˵ť»ϲˡ
Ļᡣ
˵ʼҲֻ纮治֪ôľԽԽء
Ҳ˴򣬵ǿֻ˵ť»˼ǹϱƫ
İ籾ͶŤ«޸Уһ¾͸ȥˡ
ǹոͽŮİ绹ضԸ˵ˡ˵ôúÿţҪ˸
ĸӦˣΪѵĺܡ
֪ť»ģⲡҲͻȻҪôǾþòİԸǹԸ۵ˡ
Ҫôⳡİע⡣
չˡ
ֻǸݲߣϱİ˺ԺĽ䣬ע⡣
ôչˣ
ҲֻܾŴȥˡ
ΪиĶǲһһť»ҩǸҩȥ
ô˽£Ӷʢˡ
Ҳ͡
ť»彥ɫİӴ˶λӡҲˣǸӡ
һ¾뵽ǰϡ
ҲҰһҩڣ˵Ҳӡ
ǸİŮĻᣬϽ͸İȰ˵ˡ˵ť»סĵط̫ƫƧһЩû
Ȼ
รҲѾˣǰѾճһƬطŲŲڡĽĽѸǶƵǰȥ
һһİ߶Ҳ㡣
İ˾һĶʲô⣿ı飬İѸˡ
û˼ѵ÷ۡ
ĸû˵ɣ֮ɫִؿ˶һ˵飬ϰ֡٣ʵǸѵõĺúӡ
һ˵һ߸ūȥҲ
ܹɵؾ͸ųˣǸ밲Ȼİ˼仰
ʲôʲôԵüǰǸˡ
ֻʼССԴô̧ͷͰ۹Ľ
Ա߿ţϽЦ˹ȥľڶ񱳺һѣƵİǰ


465 Ȱ

ѾЪϢˣ˵ˣնֻ˶ùȥȴû
ֳӣһ¾վˡ
ҹȥӶ޷͵
ոߵſڣȻֽͣǰճһ𾭴ϱ
һҲϲЩ𾭡¡
ǰϲ
ֻҪϲʲô

ʢӣԺӲõԽɶһˡ
Ϊİǰ˻ùֻӲรĵǲรƳʲô㰴ղร˼
С԰ٲ˵ġ
ǶˣطҲˣ֮뿪ǴԺſڽߵݣҪߺһξ롣
ΪͻСû취µ·һ֮еľ󲿷ʱ䣬˯ֻƳ￴Ž档
ԺӵһƬСضֳ
ϲɫС԰޸Сǳ챧С⽾ڻ档
С⽵һëմȾ
ʱ񻹻ѻֽڻӺīƸִлԪصѡ
ӣ״ԾùŮһ壬ӦСӣ滹ɡ񻭻ʱҲͲܵͷ˾׵ˡ
һȺūΧ񣬸ӵĴӡóó桢͹֭͹֭
źСӻ
˻壬ܹڸָĽǶȡԽ
ӣʱ֣ŮԸǺо󾫣׷һġ
ƩһŻֻӿԻòһЩܰͼֽˡ
Ȼ
ӣ￴šȻ£ǵŮˡ
Ůǽ趼˹ȥΧűߡ
ӣҲ߳Ů
Сͦñֱһ
ӣͷӸŮ˲ͷϵϸͿСһպ˵ģ˵Сƻһ
ͷרעؿŻֽ۾ﶼǰĹʡ
ȰĹâ
ӣ˵ˣ̫ˣǿĬĬְѻ˻ȥ
Ůרעʱȥ
úӰԼʱԸȥһ˵Ҫĳɾͣغӵƫѡ
Ȿǳ

ȵˣ߸˵عסӣĴȣ˵ԭ͸ĽһŷǳƷ
һ˵һ߸˵㵸ıͲСϵɫȫĨĸ׵·ϡ

תۼ䣬ҲͿ쵽ˡ
ԽôЩ꣬ӣ罫ССĽն˸顣
Ǵ硢лͷ衢ԷϷ̻
ǶĵĲУȴ˸
ǰĸ
屴ո帣Ź϶ϹȻӣ˸ร⡪İ縮Ůȫˡ
˵ǶһۣҲ֡
͵ǰˡ
Сѵôسţȴȥ
˵ˣҲЩȡĸ仹帮ĸ
˵Ϥ
ܺһţ뵽һ㣬Ǿͦġ
ĿǰãУΨһһĨɫˡ

˳һ죬ؾˡ
͸Լ˱׼۴ʲôҪȴĸ졢á޿ޡ
ϴ󣬶ȥͿѾˡ
˶Ҳֻǵس˵ͷǴ˸к
Ŀǰ΢Щ֪
ò׵ȵĸʼƵš

ſڣӣѾڵˡ
İǰһͷԸ˱õģΪѵͣͲãǰһ컹ȥ˰ǰ˵ˡ˵ԼӰá
ӣ鷿ҲһǵŰ
İһ˵Ϊ˻СŮȻʵģ˺ͼ䡣
ĬĬſڣʱԶԶؿร߹
߸ŵ۵һ㣬һžµСһӣɫװеӨȻɰ
ȥ
ԶԶؿҲǰһʱѿĸ׵֣Сȣŵŵŵؾǰȥ
˵̧ͷʰ磬㲻øҸȥ𣿡
ǰѺ͵İŸ˵һ顣
һţһ͹ֱתһǡҸܸɳ£ɻ顣
ĳŰһЦ̧ͷͶӣĵĽźᣬ
ӣŮСԴ̧ͷ˿
ǰԺеϣǾĵġ
οŮնﻹûءǻõһȡ
Ȼô˵׻Ůӣһ֣ͳذˡ
Ҳĳˣһôɡ


466 ѹ

һӣͷϾ߳һϸ
񿴼ˣ˼һ£۶ˡ
С첲ž͵ɡ
״ؾͽǰϳСӰ˹ֽϵСϣŵ
˵һһۣһ˿ȴǼϸĵġ
Сϣֻ°ͣ۰Ͱ͵Ÿնܻķ
׵ȵʲôʱ򣬴Ͷܹѽ
糿΢΢Щۣҫϣ̵ȥ
ɵؾֵס۾
ĬĬվģĶ΢΢촽߹ȥվߡ
õס⡣
ӣûע⵽
һֺߺĺ
ӣ֮ǰͷԸūǸӴϸֽ㻹Ⱥġ
ץһ鶹ɳ⣬ûԼھ뵽ʲôƵġ
ͣץһתȥֵݵĸ߸ߵģ磬ԣ
䣬渮˶
˻عͷȥ㿴ⱦŴͶʩʩȻߡ
ͶһһַŸ⡣
һţһιˣɫԵ֮ɫ
񣬴ʼնͷ
ӣվſڣؿ˶һ

˽ǰӣǰȥҲСվȵصĸն밲
ȻҲ˲ϱģܹȥͱס˶С֣Դʸ¶һЦݣаصնҿɲԺһѽͶ˵أ
˵ҲһͬʱСƨ
ǣ΢һ¡
شǾܾ
·ؾץס˵նһξܾؼǡöǵĳ𣿡
һ˫СֱŴ۾εؿŸ
ողžܾһΣپܾһԵĴҲͲöñǷŸĸ첲նˣŮϽЪŰա
ĸÿɷص˵ͷ
һͷһת־ͰѶƽԼˡ

ǰǰ
΢΢ƮĬĬУһ˫Сֽŷϥϡ
ۿԼС֣˵
״ͶιСһĵĲˡŮǰѸָ㡢ȫ˳СϣȰŶԼڡ
ǶʲôҲû
Ȼӣ͹ȥллรң
ݱϾǸӣϽŶһŲ԰׵СȻģһ˵ĸ׺ƣ
ҪȴǰһЩգӣСԺ󣬵
΢΢ս߬סϥǵ֣Ĭؾ͵˵ͷ
ԱߵȥͶԻˡ
Ҳ˹§ס˶Ĳӣϸ˵ʲô
һתͷʵ̫ˣҡҡ׹ЩΣա
ְקֺ˸λá
ӣŶ񡪡ǺԼŮ˶ĺӡ
ȥȴҪŬطԼöһ˿Ա
Ӳװ
ӣôţ־͹ȥСԴ
ĸĶοһ£һ£һ¾˽ӣĻرסӣร
סˣȻͿίذ˵ĻСӣһ顣
ԭŶƺе㿪ϵģǳźü˯ǰʱ⣬ĵؾܹŶ˵໰
Ƿ̶񳤵֡磻˵񲻶òԹɫӲҪֺõնûŪɳ׾ʵնﶼˣ
˫š˻ߵظ硣
˵öˣе㶯ҡˡ
̲סҲԼԼˡ
˵ĳҭҭǰԲӣ˺һסԭ⺢˼ܽʵһ仰
ھѹ
ۿŶίһֱڲᡣ
ӣźӿˣҲйˣԴӣż
˶٣Ž͸֮ԶôǣΪԼȴˣˡ
仰˵жԴķʽԼġ
Ʃ£һ˵ʱ򣬶ѹ֮ԱǣЩһµĻ
ô棬ǲһ١ٶ˵ġ
һԼˣǲױѹġ


467 

ԱŶԻöˡ
ֱʻ屴ոſڣĸŮ涯
ӣϽ־͸ϵۣۣ֬ӿ޵úͮͮСͷڵһ¡
Աߣʱͳĸ׵С֣֬ۺӣѶƤҲ޺ˣҪҪϵۣڸһ£
ӣ˳ž͸ƤҲһ£ȻͿԴŶֹ
ŬѶ㶺Цء
ͣˡ
źūŷ

帣洺磬Ųร϶Ϻӭڸſڡ
ϾһĸҲˣΪรǲòġ
񱻱ظ֮СԴȺһۣͿĸվڹ϶ߣС죬۾ֱЦ
е׽èè˼ء
϶ҲѵÿŮôƤģɵؾЦˣִȰĸСԴЦŵȥɡ
ĵһӾЦˣ־ͶĸſˣĽ㣡
ҪȥȻ뵽ʲôƵģͣ˽Ųͷһۡ
վĬĬķ·һ
ĸǶΪʼķ⣬·±ȥһ㣬ƴҪТ˳Ůģ
һʱҲȥ
ףת˻˶С֣һֱĸǰŵĽ㣬Ҷ㣬ǰĻСˡ
ôһ˵һ߾С֣ʾöҪôʧǣ˿
ôһ֣ʱõ˼
͵͵һŬǿĸЦЦá
һáúȻ
ĸڱոͦµһʱЦˡ
ϾǸľСЦҲǺӡ΢΢죬̣ü
ӣԱ΢ЦſŮǣ;ĸ񳤵Ҳܾ¡֮һǸˡ
˵ˡ˵֮ǰҲǳѻֽģǼ˽㡣ĸ΢ЦţһСضԶ
ʲô˼ѣ
ĸǿЦһ¡Ц˼ַܵζ
ĸ񿴳ˣҲ˵ֻǶһЦת֮䣬ɾת˻⡣
ŵĺӡǻģǾǲһִʲôÿĻֽ
Ůһ˵һ߾͸Ÿร̨ףȥ
ںģʱͿһ߸߸˵˵Żһȥ˺ӣȲĴ
ͷźһ˲Ȼ͵ɴ۾ôˣ
ԭľửֽϡ
ͷĸҲЦֵòҪż¶ĥȥȡ˱ǡ
ҡͷȥã
Ҵҵһת
ǸںģͲײ˰Ļ
ĸʱſ
ۣȻ¾Ͷһ¡
״ЦеָŰͶǰ磬ҹҸҡ
˵ˣʶԼûһ°ݡ
һ°ͣĸ񲹳ҸĹӡ
ĸ֪ġ
˶٣ַ̧ɿһ۰֪ġ
ǰĸ
֮촽һʱơ
ĸվԭأ˰
ۣתͷ˿Ľ㣬ֿ˿
Ȼˡ֮ǰǺNİ
֮ѰӺNø˺͡
ĽӦǸСʶġ
գգһ˫峺۾

ӣǰ棬Ϻ͹϶ҰΧš
ʮܳ裬ıոλȹִ̣ºǫѷףϺ͹϶϶ȵĸ첲
϶ϲΪ֮ǰN顪ĸԥԥû
ʼնĸһĽᡣ
͸Ըȥֺĸˡ
ôһһЩ
帣Уֻ֪ͬʱʹʮֵľȥкĸ

˵һӻһͷӣͿŮĸ񡢻ж񣬼ŮӽһץŻݲݣ˵Ҫȥ԰档
ǸĸߣಽʱĸŮֵ龰תͷ˴һۣЦЦڵ㲻ȥͬһô
ֱͦļЦԼ·һ˿衣
סмնСǵϷ


468 ǻ

ĸˣҲֻЦЦ漴㲻ˡ
ǹһĸ˹֣µһȥ԰
屴ոϵСб𣬼С˴ôࡣ
񲻺þܾž͹ȥˡ
ǻûԼݣĸһ䣬ĸūǽǰ϶ĸŮ׼õƷ˳
æشūǾ͹ȥˡ
񿴼˾һƲ죬С֣͵ƼûԸһëΣõնĶ飬ܵı˭졣
ûнӻֻ΢΢λζ֣С㣬С㣬ǻء
˵ʲô촽סˡ
϶ϼĸæĸС֣л
ȵߺˣ帣ĸϷ̨ȥˣִȥ
ӣŮǽԼ׼ĺҲ˳
϶ûϵӣҲ׼ƴ˺һȻŴ

Ϸʱ򣬹϶Ͼͽһû˵İԣһֱӣ߶
ԭͰ˹Ѿ˻޵䣬˽ѡѡˡ
ɹŲϵĿ̨衣
̨峯ʱڶɹŹķλθֳĵȣһ̨Ҳĵ̨
ֳƺɹŹкܳеڱաӵ˼
Ѿˣľ³ʱͻǧıȥɹš
һλ˹ĸǾʹҪ޸ɹŲüţز迤ֽ
ӣһͷˡ
ʵǵĻ£ŸʱҲ˵--үβٰ죬η⣬ֻǼ޵ɹĹС
ЩĸĬĬţԼҲóĹ--ô޹ȥǱˡ
վԼġ
ЩŮ뿪˾Ǻˡ
Ӵˡ
幫ȴǸ⡣
Ϊ幫ʮܳ裬ʮ꣬ͱܷΪ˶ܹ
֮󣬿ûŮǣֱ¼޸١ϵ˴ա
˴յ游١ά¡ƶࡣ
ĳί幫
ο˴幫ò൱һ˲š
ЩԶȥɹŵĹе޵ķͶܵԼˡ
ԹЩŮǣһļֱӴ׸ݳһ
ӣһӾΪʲôǵĻ»ΪǵŰˡ
Ҳ֪ǵŮ
϶˵΢΢ͣסˡ
ӣ˼Աڻ˵Ĺࡣ
Ҹһ꣬زˡ
ܳĸ͵ŮӶࡣ
ǽĹãôҵʵŮǣ͸öˡ
ӣĬĬţʷĽչǿʮꡣ
Ӻǻкһӡ
οʱŮӻ޶磬ʮͼΪ˸ģҲڡ
ǿ϶Ȳ׵ǻһ꣬͵ÿġ
ôŮǵĻ£ү᲻ָ氲ţ
˭Ҳ˵׼
Ͼˣͨ
Ź϶һصӣӣҲЦˡ
԰ĸ񡢶úܿġ
Ͼ⼸Ů䶼࣬ĸ񡪡ʵҲǸտʼദʱԵþнľЩ
ȵϤԺͶҲһ
ֵĻС֣㻤м䡣
Σǲ֪˿ȥΪյСء

ϣİظ֮󣬾ֱ͵ӣԺ
Ÿ׵ĸ첲ܸ˵ľ͸˵ȥĽοġξˡ
Ҳܿġ
İˣЦŮСԴֶǸ˼ˬʵĺӣҪҲ㣬Ǳˡ
˵꣬ĿһɨͿӣԱߡȻȴһı顣
Ը˼
һжðɣİòƲľһ䡣
ղſӣ飬Ϊ帮ϵˣ˭ͿΪ˰ͽĸӣġ
תһ룺帮ϵǼӦûô
ôˣİֽӣǰСԼУ󣬲ų£ү
ӣֱ̾
ô˵
ܲ˵үϣܿǻʵۣĻŮĻ¾Ͳˡ
İ翴飬ԱԸߣĵЩζָָģӣǹںӣ
ӣI˵ͷ
ôһͷĻض˵İͲ˸˾Ųʮˡ
ʵաҪֱܳᡣ
ΪİҵСͻûгԻ޵ʱ
ֱҵһʰǸ˼ȥɹŵġ
ֱĲร۾Ϲˡ


469 

ֱ֮ǰѾһŮձһŻ£Ҫȥɹš
һСްûˡ
İֱһһֱǽŵġ
ܵҲûʲôЦݣƲչ
ҲǣֱҲΪ˸ĸ¶˭ã
ӣİĸ첲Ͷ˵Ĺ˶٣֮ŮδҪɡ
⵽˺ʵѡɴһЩԻʰ࣬ܰѺھõˡ
ǧȥɹš
֮ǰйȥˮʳߣ˼ˣ˲ֲϸչˣһƷ硣
İֱǸοĶǿû˵ʲô
ʰһأô׹ģ
翴õѡҲһ͹á
Ϊʰ˭ҵĹ︧ɡѡΣ
ʥּһĸͳȥ޵ﶼûС
Щ㲻̶ӣ˵ˡ

ڹһһˬ
ʼ˵Ѳ
ǴӾ̡
֮ǰȲְ̫ӼֱڰС
İһֱп˵⼸æµĺܣѵûʰѲĻᣬ̫СûشϺͺͺSȥúʶһ
ֻ鷿顣
ӣͬĺ«۵㡪ӻӦþȥġ
Ǽ磬Ǽ档
ںͺͺSеС磬һֱϵķܶյ㡣
˵Լǡ桱
ԣǲҪġ
ǺҪ硱֪ж
֪ϵرиָˡָĻָļֵۡ
ȻⶼӣΪһִ˵˼άˡ
Ҫǰʱ˵Ƶݳɡ֪ࡱ
ǺϸĵؾͰ׼ңİ磬˵Sٶ౸һݡ
ϾSѾûĺӣİ˼ʱҲû͵Ǳߡ
Եû˹ܡ
ϱŵģӣҲ׼һЩã˺ͣǴȱʲôţֱӸ˾С
ֵ
֪S⺢ӡǸļǿԿӡ
ʵӣĻԼ

һߣʱ
ǰڵʱ
ھͲ˵ĹڡǸͦĽգգϽض֣ʮ֡
꣬ȴΪүѲԵʣһҲʹӼˡ
ӣС˹ͷѵͣ򵥵ĳһٷ
Ϊİʮİ綼үȥˣ˾͸ˡ
С硱ֽС͹õ£⾳Ҳصˣһٷõˮ
ӣöӹУСŷ˸С
ȻһƬҹ
һϲĶ
ʱųӣ˯ۣϣȥй⡣

ıոƲȥǲ㣬ǶһԺҲĸӣˡ
仰˵ܵĵطʵҲˡ
ۿһʮһߣ˿ʮ붬ĵһѩ
ѩµ磬峿ƮƮݶĨһס
һۣͿѩˡ
ĵ緹˲ϳˣҴææūźԼ·ͷ֮󣬾ͳȥѩˡ
һ룬ȥҶһ档
жʮ㡪뵽ʲôͻȥִеԸ
οҲѾڸˣȥ͸ˡ

˸Ժʱ򣬶ûš
Ժūɨѩܳ谮æеĹߣæع͸ͷ尲˵ǧԼµѩˤӡ
ӣɫ磬ֳūֱƣ˼Ǳ𷢳
Լ۾ֺǺǵؾȥ˶Ǳߡ
סĶ֪ġ
ոյ⣬һ̺Ůûͷųϻͭ衣
һ㶡
Ů˵밲ͱգ۵ظֹˡ
ſڴ̨֮£ֻСŬİŴСţ溰һȻſǻ㾿ʲôʱܰѶң
⻰˵ûͷûԣһ
ȻһŮӵЦŲصüʲôĶȻúñţû׼˳Ҳ˵
Ǵ
ۣץץԼĺס
һذѶʲô
УΪʲô㽲ֵȫ˸Ƶģ
ӡеĴ㣬һֱƵġ
ûһ档


470 һ

վһ˲
һǸϵĺӣʱȴѵõԥ֪ýȥǸ߿
ƺǲĶźȻͱƿˡ
˳
õһ˲䣬ӹһ˿κʧ룬漴ܿľ͵Լı顣
߹΢΢סõֻС֡óƽ׺ѰӣǿЦŶʵãʲô
֪ǲĴһĿ¡
ɴŴ
״΢΢۽ޣԱơ
ūǶ˺˼źԶЦݣضãˣʲô
ץץף΢΢һԴȻֻСֲסתȥ
Ƶصᣡ϶ǹţͶһʲôóԵأ
һ˵һתŴգգ۾һؾ͵ҶҲ˵СǳԶãкöóԵĸ㲻Ҷԣֻܲ͵͵ԡ
һ˵ţһֻС֣߼ֻѣŴ˸Ȼ˸߲ҵصҪȥͶһԣ
΢΢һЦž߬סõС첲
ͷüȻˣһȥն밲¡
һȻģ˵ͷ͵ģŴȥ
˶٣ָָǲ϶𣿡
һõڣһЩżҲشȥˣ
ص˵ͷءţһ
ĵľǰˡȥһµģ
˲һѾˡ
񿴼ȴûôȥӭֻЦеصɣնﻹûء
һ˵һĿͷɿشӶɨһȦ
ȻƤ΢졣
һԲʼնûķһۡ

ȵӸ밲Ŷ԰ˣ˵ڵȵѩ죬Ҫȥһѩ̡
һ˵һ߾һſɰСЦеĹȥʴ񣺡㣬һɣ
ջһƵĶ񡪡ƷëƤͬɫϵһ˫Сѥӣ仪
᲻ȥѩѩ̵ġ
Ȼõ룬ҡҡͷص㻹ն˵ͲȥˡǳСúһҲáȵٹ꣬㱻ˣʱ򣬱Ҳδˡ
ܹɵĵ˵ͷŴҡҡ֣ټҶСѩˣͷ㡣
һ¾ЦˣأԼͺá
ĿŶܳȥˡ

˻԰õ֣һȻصãԼѩɣʵûʲô˼
գգ۾͵ʲôѩһض
ɷ˵ؾͰѶקˡ
ӣԺ
ůյȣֻһĵװȻ֪ѩˣҲûö䡣
ΪأūµĲáûĹơζϡ
һյرƯ͹ƣİص͹ģӣرϲ
˯㣬ЩˣʱһŲӣһ̧ͷϿ
˺һӣһͷͿŮվԼߣ죬ֱֺǡ
վԱߣǰ
ù֮ӣūǽţһһ롣
ˣŶ֣ͰȥԼｲĻ
ūǶϳȥ֮Ŷһ¾˴
СؾٸС֣Եһ
к¡
ǵɫģǴƬƬĻͼ˶ʱһɫ
㣬Ϻʹ˵ĻҶüͷץס˶С֡
һ⻰ɫʱͰˡ
صҲ֪˵ġĶ׾ʲôһ㡪ֻҪĶûеΪУҲɾΪС
˶٣㣬ǲں´㣿
һƣȻͲҺöˡ
ǿŤͷһŲ԰׵СΪֱͨ
߬Сȭͷάһ˿𣺡ûУҲŲ
ڿˡԭΪ뱣סӣԴû˵һС
ģ뵽ϴֻⱳ黹в١


471 İؾ

Ļôٽ϶֮ǰܵһоͺܺˡ
Ƕ㰭ӣûȫʵ˵
Ҳ˵һѡ
ֻ±飬Զֹˡ
㲻ԸԼܵ˶۸
˵һ㶼á
Ϊκγ̶ȵġ۸ܡ
С۾Ŷһ
Ȼ͵һĸ첲㣬ɵΪʲô˵Ϊʲôȫ˵
һѾȫǵͨ졣
ٿһ¾վֻǰ߬ĽģҿõֻǵԼܽ
Ƿ㶣Ȼҡͷ
Щˡ˵ףͽҪӻ

ȵȥˣȲľܵӣǱߣȫ˵һ顣
ŸģڴСôΪô뷽跨ĸڿӡ
кööС
ӣҲһ˵ЩʵĻôССͣ˼ЩƱ̬ˡ
ؼǣͼǸɶ
̾˿ĵรȪ֪Ļƹײİѹסģ϶סӡ
ӣ룬ŮСԴ㣬飬ô죿
ԥľ͵ҵȻȥ߰꣡ңʲô鶼Ϊģ
ӣ룬ʵûȻǺġǶ˵ǡ衯衯Ƕ㣬ֻôأ
һ˼˺һȻһƯСקӣӾ͵Щ׶ˡѰ졪ϾڵնԺסء
ӣ˵ͷ˵Ҫǻִ¶еУ԰衣
ƶ֮ǿţҲûͰȥ˵ŻΪİĹĲɡ
ܶУ԰ĺӣ֮Բĸ˵ΪǾãʹ˵Ҳûá
֮Ǹĸƽ̫غǣûиЩ㹻İ͹ġ
ѵʱ򣬲û뵽ѸĸΪһ
ôţͶ㰢͸棬˵ǰ϶ٻҪЩӡӣະһĻҪ˼ɵġ
صص˵ͷ
ӣ˶٣ֽŮС˹Լ߬ˡ

Ȼʱȥȥ԰档
ʱǵ٣ʱǻʱǹ㣬ʱѩ
ֻ֮Ҫ˸ǰ˵ĽڶһЩ֮¡
İͿˣһæ׼ټҲҪˣţëѹȥŶ
ֲԼŮ
ֻҪ֤ȫȫβûжŶţүиˡ
ǣųȥҲŵʮʹ졣
񽥽ľЩˡ
ʼӣĸŮ˶Զά
ǿ鿴ȴʲô
ϾΨһĿɽҲǸѡ
ȻѾŶõʱ򣬾Ͳǰôˡ
ҲһЩ
ùһ㡣
ҲᣬȥʴҪǷԶѪ顣
Ǵʱȴȫװɵˣֻ˵ûʲôѪ飬Ҳ֪˵ʲô
ȫѪˣС
ҪѪû֤֤ץס˴ӣĳҲ˵ʲô
㲻Ҫ̫⣬еܵܵģһкS֮ʱŴ˵仰
ߴ㣺ôϾϣһѪ֮ˣ˻Ϊ֧š
ȴǶһ˵ġ
Ȼ⻰Щˡ

УһںƺƵص˾ǡ
ӣһڸſӭİ
İ˳֮ûظϣȥϽһˣµˡ
ֱʱŴӻ
ſڵϦ£̤̤֡
ûͣȣѾ
ӣһûӣʱͷֳֶ˲١
Ϊ̫ԭ򣬺һСҲЩɹˣȻģü֮ȴֳһЩ顣
ССӺζˡ
İһ棬ıӣĸŮˣȵصȥ˸Ժ--Ǹ˸档
˳˿Ů
ӣˡ
ūŰѲ·ϣôĸᡣ
ȻСȴ㲻Сһſھͱµе岻ˡ
۾ˣѹ


472 ʮİ翪

öĶǴǰûмġȻδعأȴʮɰ
ôǧһ·Ҳǲס
ܸжֻС첲ǰȥͱס˸ؾ͵ã
ͱ۾ˣɻǿţֻһϳɵģõСԴ
İͿһ
ĴæûüϴӣϴˣѣȥһСӣŪ˺һ
ȻİŹСԴ綼ʲôö
ȸԾŸ׵֣һһȥ
вٱµĲϡƯϡʽķþߡͿɰʹõĻϵҲǺÿġ
İҲвٺöͶأͷһȣһǰ˻͹
ܸˡ
ˣۿūһؽȲİ̾ʱǹͺӡ
˶٣ȵЩܶͣǰѺǶȥҲǣҶǡ
ͱԱߣһſӣһĸ̸仰ûסЦŵ꣬鷿Ĺοǽŵĺܣֻµʱ򣬱ǵܵȥҲδسȥˡ
Ҳֻһ˵İȴôһѣתͷЦһֱ·ϣ⼸찢û㡣һ׼׼꿼һƪ¡
ͣ
˲Ϳһˡ
ӹһתС֣³ס˸׵ӡ
˻ΣһС͸꣬Һһûˣ棬ܲܲҪѸߣ
һӷ𡱵ı鿴á
İ룬ŶӵҲգȥúģҲߺSϵ鷿ֵһ𿼡
գգ۾طӦһ
İ绹˵ʲôūӣʢһ룬ɿ͵İǰ͵үһ·ǵ¶Ȳż˵
ҲܹСŽţվڸһȵؾ͵꣬Ů㴷磡
İ֪ĸŮάͣҲơ
ҡҡͷźҡҡ֣˼ˡ

İһƺĹһҪʱˣʱȴǰࡣ
Ÿˣ˸ť»ϡ񡢹Ǳߣһһױ̨һ׹ӣΪð滻ӡ
Ҳʾûǡ
ڶ죬ť»Ͼʹлˡ
Ժ֮ť»Ϲͷָ㲡Ÿոպãαһˣ
˶٣ť»ϵֱһõĲף֪ίһæүҲѲĹ⾰õĶࡣ֮·ſ--Ӳ㻹ᡣ
ť»žͰȥί̷ֻø컯ˡ
ֻЦ
׵ʱۼŶˣ˭ֳ֪һ¡̻ʮһǲʹڶ޵йֹйͽ׼档
ɳʹЯԼȥ̸УҪݡԼ䲼
Ȼǲģʾ³ֻ˵˵СˣԵй֮˵һͨߣ֮ߣĪˡԺ󲻱йнֹ̣Ҳö¡
ų˵ˣڻǰҲʹڶ޸һֱͨӺ˾ǡ
ӣİ˵¶ʱ򣬿ʼûע⣬ֲ̡һ
İ绹ΪǾˣǱ㲻䷳ĸŽһʹںôһ¡
ӣ
һı飬ˡ

˳Ϧ죬ĹȻЯรԼǽġ
ΪȻҲûʸϽǡ
һ磬͹Ů̺ױ
ʮİոձָ˵ոˡ޲Ůϣȵ꣬Ҫȥ
뵽СҲ˸ʮֻϲ˵¶ƽ˼֡
Ϧһ졪ֻҪͷǣС
һ磬ǵүػţʳ׷ġȡ
ⲻʽĳϦ磬ˣýȥͷȵò׻ԼҵǹԼͷˡ
ϾˣôһЩá
ǿͺͺSǽꡪİӣѺҲˣˡ
ĸ֪ʮİ飬Ҳ֪ϲı£Цű˵ٵһأʱָʮĸӽˡ
ƨ˵ͷϣʱӣͿЦβƶչˡ


473 ϲ

һЦ͹Ҳ˲١
˶Ц
ԱߣŵССĺڻһ߶Ūһӣ
ǴȰı顣
ĸ̲סɬ˴Ͷߣ·ֻŮΧԼߣγĳ΢ƽ⡣
ǽǰΨֵƵġһһЦŵĽࡣ
ֻϧͷβû࿴ۣ˶񼸴ΣֶԸ⺢˲١
ͣһ̧־ʾˡ
ֳŶ֣ӣ
ʹԴ߹ȥ
Լǵλ񡪡Ȼǰ£ǺܵƤһӣ뵽幫Сʱ
û뵽ôһʱ䲻⺢ƺʹˡ
˵ǰŵѯл𻰵˵˼䡣
ȻǹϾмһѪԵϵġ
ˣ̧һССŵ۾̲ס¶һ˿Ŀ
ֻ˼䣬ͱڻѽѽĺע
ĬĬصͷ
˼䣬ť»ϵ顪ǺӱָĸҲѾһʱˣȴһֱûʲôϢ
ǵǰť»ϲĸ̫ҽ
뵽һתͷĸ汾ť»ǺӴЩȥ
Ͻվť»л
лʱ۹̲סӣǱɨһۡ
ӣŸ첲ҪѺæʾĸȥš
ͷβ϶ɶƽ͵ģƺѹûᵽť»ϵ顣
ĸһۣջˡ
Ͽ̤ʵȻΪүİȫС

Ϧ·ϣĸѵõγˡ
ùߡ۶öʲôܣһξȻθһˮð
ֻǱϯϵľѬˡ
ūǿĸææǰæҩ衢ñ̡Ѭ¯
⣬һЩҩ趼ŵġ
ĸոҡҡ֣˵ã;úͷһһܡ
վûסʧ̬˳ϡ
ޢϽ͹ԣǰŲѣǵȲˮڡ
ֻרźչӣԱߵֺŮȴЩɫ
ޢһ̧ͷͿū鶼ͦ
һ£ӦˡǻɸС
Ͼôˣ촹ҲλհڸĶˡ
ĸ΢΢ͷпϣƬֻ̣еķ΢ȥһЩ
̧ͷſūǵ顣
ĸۣǳһ˿ɬЦݡֻγѡ

˱ոǰѾǿʮĴһˡ
ǵĿŵģ̻ζ
ǴˣͲͶóͬһˡ
Լ
Ÿ׽ȥ˻귨ǰͬôСֵһ֡žãȻÿһ꣬Խ֮ܿеŵ
СʱֻùǽμӳϦ硪һŹȥһͷȥȻſ̻ӦϷ߸˹ꡣ
ȴһˡÿһι꣬ÿһڻ귨ǰ¶һλᡣ
еСֵǶ˾Żڱء
ںSĽţִ벻͵һ㲻ηΪ˽㡣
ֻһαһαֵĸá
·ϣ;˰⡣
Ϧϣ岮˵Ļ
еģѾ¶˼ˡ
̤ɫһ·
İͺͽһ·
ںͣʼջǱԭ򡪡¶úԼĥ
ĥ͸ʱ򣬺ӹˣٸһһ
һζȽ
˸ſڣĸߵūżҴҵܹİǰ£˵ĸӲֱŻˮүϽȥһơ
İǰ˸ǰÿūǷ³ɫƵģ˵Ҳ
죬ƴŲ³
ˣĸƴǿš˵ԼЩκЪϢһ±ˡ
İ״ȥʢūŰţʹ͸͵ԺȥӣúôźӣȻصԺȥ
ϾһڵڣмҲûϢ
͸ˡ
ʱ򣬴ѾԺ˸ŻˮģüͷһɫҲǺ΢ҩ͸Ͻ
һһİվͺĸһۡ
͸ôЩ꣬˿̣ȴѵõڱ˴˵۹һ˿Ĭϲ
Ȼһ͹İˣ˵ֻǸᣬƢθתΪ棬ԲӰƢθˣŻ²ֹ


474 

֮ѹ͵ñơ
İ˼䣬ʢȥ˿ⷿȡϺõҩĹ˵øطſģ²Ҫ˼ǹ
ϢһҲú࣬ǳлˡ
İֽūǺŸǰԺ鷿ȥ·ˡ
վûڸ˼
΢΢̧ͷİȥķ
뿪ʼͬѾЩˡ

ӣԺͺͻ֮һ˵Ӷҹ
һ֪ϦϵĲƷѹͲϺǵĿζ
·һ㣬Ҳſ
ǺýĸˮͿι
ͺ͵Ŀζе㲻һϲʳԽԽãʲô춹ɳСǶ
ͿζƫһЩ
СŷܿΪλСӶ̨
ŵҹõʱӣȸǺǶϲģڿζͬķ硣
ҿõϵȵ÷⡢ǰƷҲܿ죬Ͽϣټһڽ̵ۣð
ھӵĻƸСҪˡ
ӣԼҲûԼ˸ۿ߲˺񶡣ֱӶԡ
СŷΧŷר־ĳԿһ߳ţһ뵽˽ڹ￴Ϸ
ʱ꣬ϽﶼҪϷġеִĴᣬЯһͻӹ̨¿Ϸ
ǿϷǿԲһֽյա
ЩϷһҲԸ蹦̵¡ĺƽĳӦϷ
˺棬Žתɸ˼ڵϷ¡
ңҲһ̨ӣԱߵС̨ӣҲᳪһЩԶ̵ġͬϷǹۿ
Ϳ˸˵˼Ĺ¡µ߻˹³ƽ
֧ȴչȥžͽ˸ŮӸĺĹ¡
Ⱞر顪˰죬ճɾΪ֡
Դϲ
񿴵ر桪ǵĹûסǵİȴȫˡ
һֱҹϷеȾ̲סӣϷ𣿡
ӣֶСˣ⻰Ӷڰпһ¡
һתͷԼ
ӣֻð˻룬ŮСԴΪʲôͻȻôʣ
С֣ףѽľ鸴һ£ȻӣλΪһƬĵȴı⣬ӭȢΪ𣿡
ӣ˼ľҡҡͷȻǡ
¿ӣŵϷϷϷ
գ۾κȻλôϲλڸжӦҲοɣ
ӣ֣µֱˣתС֣Լ󣬲һݸ飬ҪжܵõǱѾǿˡ
ЩˣãȻ̧ͷŶ
ӣŮգ㽲°ɡ
һ˵һ߾ͰѡСӡĹ¸һ顣
ͷ񣬺һűסӣĸ첲һûҽˣС
ӣ˶٣ˣֻϧԼΪ֮ǧŬŵõĶԽʹ࣬ҲͻԽϧԽ׷֡ⲿϷĽʵû
ͷӣܻгһ죬Ҫס仰һж㣬ֻҪһһ㣬ֵκ붯ҡ
¶СǶǣһͰ͵صҪҪǳҹɣ
ԱߣȻһ¾ûס͵͵Ц˳
ӣתͷȥӣͿһС΢΢е죬СϣЦС㶮ʲô˵Ҳǰ˵
˵ԼС㣬һӾͲˡ
¿ӣӱ߾վź͵ô˵ЩҶ׵ġͽ̹ˣҪϧЩĶҺõˡ
΢΢ҡҡͷνġŶĺڰסǷǡǳĿԱ𣿡
һ¾ͱ죬˵ˡ

˯ǰӣȥ˺￴ӡ
һ˫۾ˮһ峺ˣһ۾ס
ñȺСʱ࣬üۺӣİĲԶûкͺͺSࡣ
ȻڻֻǸСëҲѾ֮ܿ϶üĿһҵġ
ӣӵСְ·ŽƳ֮УȻ뵽һﾭ˵Ů
Ǭ¡Ļ
ͻģܸ󰡡


475 

ôţŵ˳ȴһѽѽľƳ
˼᲻ĸ뿪
ĸȥڻšš
ӣ߹ȥĸæѺ
ҡҡֻ֣վĸ߿Сӣһ߿һ߾С֣£
㶵ؿһ߿һ߲Ծ¿ˮݡзƵġ
ӣ̲סЦȻ־ͶĸҰɡ
źһתþİ硣
ǰ鷿ЪЪ׻ͺǣǾ͹ӣ
үӣŵ⧲һͺʶͰѶӸıסˡ
ֱյýģСƨƨøڱϡ
ܲذСŤŤȥ
İ翴˾ֵ
ӣе㱻ղŵĲᣬһ߰ѶӸһ߾С죺үôҲ˵һұһ
İ籧źͷ׶ཱུС
ղǶĸ׿˸˱ţֶŸ׿ĳˡ
İ翴⸱ɵЩ̧̿ɵСӣʲô
ӣø첲İ磬С͵ү˵--Сʱ򣬲Ҫ˵˵ɵġ
˵˾ͳˡ
İǰѺӻӣ
ӣӹ˺ָĸֿŶ˯һŵİӡ
˵ܴˣ⣬Сүʲô
İûشְӣԼǰ
ֽԼһ˲䣬̾һһȥˡ
Ѿǿʮˡ
ӣͷ֣һʱ˶û˵ȴ־ƺѾ˵ˡ
һİӣֱղڸſڣǣԹһƣүͻȥˡ
ӣ˼--ϾǴĳϦ֮ҹ
ȻȥҲҪһ档
ǰ鷿ǲร֮
ӣİ絽Ժſڣͣ˲
İָӣŵҹȥЪš

ϾϽ鷿ȻſΣӻǶû̫úö˼
̫ˡ
⼸鷿¿εʱ䶼Ƚ磬;ľͻص˸
İæڹҲô˵Ǻͺǹ˼ӡ
ӣԱ㣬ȥʱҲǸ׻ظʱ
İŶǣѧʵʱ⼸ҲƽʱôˣǴ˼⡣
SҲ˲٣һЩʱܺͺ΢ϼˡ
˵ѧʵʱ˵֪ʶİȥⷿѹʹ͵ó
²ϿΡ
һ˵ϰ졣
Ļûʱȥ׳麢Ǳдˡ
кҲͳûʱˡ
Sͺͱʼù--ŸҲƽһЩֱʱŷ֣Ҫ鷿Ѿһ죬ȻҪϿΡ
ǲƴǵСΣ
кӶŰǰһڹĺá
ģ
һһ㵭Ϣˡ
԰ȥѾǶǰˣϸһƣҲ֦ܿͷ½ɫ
ʱҲѾʼẰ--꣬ִʶٺһڡ
֮̽ҲԽԽǿˣſƳԱߣһ˫Ư۾ĿΧ˵һһ
ÿһ鶼̽
ʵСʱ򷴶һЩ
ԽܷԾԾҪԽ䣬Խ׷Σա
ӣ˰Ƴĸ߶ȵõ͵ٵͣ͵ˮƽĳ̶ȡ
һصӣҲˤĶ
ūţҹϸ۾Сӡ
ǳڵܵܵĳ--͸ʱ˵ԼˮǵܾܵͲһˡ
ڵܵǰԶȨĽ㡣
ǰСֻܰڻ
ۿŽˣ˷ܵؾ˵Ҫܵ԰棬Ҫȥ档
Ϊ챻㱧ڻҲϤϵζ
ʼΪĸӣ⣬ˡ
ʱͷѧ˵ȥһܵܣźʱһЩͿ⺢ģҲƲѽѽغŶơ
˼Ҫ㱧
Ǽ⣬ЩܸС
ÿʱڵһʱѺӸ绳ﱧźЦһЦ
ǳ⡣


476 ¶

ÿʱҲһֻСֽ§סĲӣһ˫¶ĶŸ翴
һֻСճСȭͷ֡
һ߳һ߲
ôһСޣҲûֻܰøչˡ
Цһе㲻˼ˡ
ִ˴ļаο˼ʧ⡪㣬磬ˣ֪
һӶ֪˵ʲôˡһӺȻ÷οˣ
Ǽ⣬߹ȥŵܵܵС˻Σˣ㡣
СȻǲ̫׸˵ʲô㱧ڻǶ˼̤ʵİȫУ͹˵ҲͲôˡ
һ˫ԲĴ۾ζļƺڴӦ

ӣǰȺŮǷ̲รԴװ
һ϶ǽ֯͹ģɫţʵᱡװٺʲ
ֻ䣬ҲֻԴһ¡ﷴů裬ŵûϵǳȥˣ
öԴ֮ǰѾݵĴȫص˿Ϸ죬һ綼͸ˡ
ӣһԣһ߾ͷԼѵΧȴǰҪ
ǰʱһʱ꺢ӣֻҪʳһ£ҲȻˡ
Ѿôˣƺûȫָ֮ǰݵ
ʵǺģֻǺʹǰոմԽʱȣ΢Щ仯
Ȼߡ³´лٶҲ
ӣţҡͷ̾һ
һ״ֺ˵รĳߴһġٷſһЩҲδɣ֮Ҫ˴
ոͱͬʶͼ
ͬ첲ϲײһ¡˼ǲรû˵֣ūŵĿܵ
ƨϵ飬ֺãɵӲء
Ѳɫ巿ϾöˣรϲãǱߴҲиһ㲻ײס
һ͹ѣٷ֮ʮֻѡӣùڻЩѾʺԼڵˣ˻ȥ
ȵ巿˶ˣʾʲรʲô
ӣֻأ⻰ֺݺϵС⣬˵ֻҪ࣬ټӵˮС
Ǳߣʲôվɡһ䡣
һรֻҪ࣬Ϊˣûθڣ͵ǵҪҪơ
ӣҡҡ֣١
ָָӵѡ
ʱȻ
룬СӣรҪūŷʲôģֲӡֲ⣬䡪ȥů˶ӣҲ
ӣ˾ⲻǾ͵˵ͷ˵ҪһЩ׺ۣθ
ﲻ˼ľʹӦˡ
תӣһ̨һ߲ŷӦȻ˵ҪһรȻһЩôҪθأ
θԵøˣ
Цžҡҡͷ̧Сŷ߹ȥһϵеҪʿ˵ˡ
ʿˣһʡ
üƲร绹ǻʲôĻվ׼š
Ҳ㹲˺üˣ˴˶ѾĬ⻰ʿҲЦˡ

鷿У˰ѧǵ˿ԳԷʱ
̫ǾȻŶӣ
ķ˾£ѳԡΪǵĿγʮֽţʱ䰲ŵ顢ͨ棬ʱ䶼ûУĽϢʱǳԷ
ԣʳŷͱͽ׼ãͷʦһ¿ΣǱūͽ˽
ˣʦ¿εʱ䶼һ£ʱá
ôһ˾ʳѬš
еĲˣžˡ͵ʱζҲʹճʱôˡ
ǻͨˣȻЩ˶ǼƷļȡ
ǶڴСܵĻӻ˵ζֻǿ¶ˡ
鷿УӴСе˶緹ûʲôڴ
ȵ˶ˣ˶ࡢ˶ֻ࣬ץʱ䣬˴˷졢Ц
ӵõࡣ
SǸ⣺˿ӣĬĬ˷ˡ
鷿ûʲôѡ
Ϊ罻̸֮󣬱¶ԼȤ͹ѵǰ
ǺSԸһر飬ܾһйͨױһµ
ʱ򣬺S뵽ͣеңҿôһĵܵԡ
ҹ̸֣˵ء
Ҳ΢չúSΣһı¶ǰ
ˣSĻʱʱط˿ɬ
¶˱øǿҲ˱ø


477 Ź˹

ⷹԽԽûζSҲֻͷǿš
ͺͲһһٲúóԱȵһ١ǱǺ֮֮ظˡ
ҹ飬ӶˣʲôҲָֻ̫š
ǺͲһ
ǻظͶӶˣʱ˵һȥรԺӸ÷ˡ
ܶʱѹ˵ԼͻᵣĶӳԲθڵķˣͲ˹
รÿͳԵĹʱ򣬷ܶࡣ
ҲÿζΪ̫ˣûԡSһá
Sһˡรкӵķġ
֮ԲһݹΪάSˡ

ĬĬţżС绹Χź˵SϽͰ鱾ˡ
Сúܵͣ鱾ȥԴԼûѵΡ
һ̫Ӽҵĺȴбб˹
СʱǸģ⼸곤һЩѧûٳȴԽˡ
ݲһͽΧҲ١
ߵ˺ǰںЦСֵ˵һתͷһ˲
ɫҲ
ü۱Ŵİ䣬ôɫһССͣȻ͸мֲŭʳü۽ˡ
ߵǰббϣһأƨþѹ˺һϡ
ƳһۺǰȥҪ鱾ȴסˡ
΢΢°ͣź䣬ѵص
Ťͷ˿⣬ȷʦѾ뿪ˣƤЦ˫΢΢ʶս˺͵֪֪ͣĺֵܻˣ
ǺN
ϵıһӾͱˡ
ٿվֳصʲôʱ£
ÿɷһüëĵЦǵ껹Ӱĺֵܡôһ¶㶼֪ôĺֵܰҲû͸¶
˵ˣ˶٣Ųһƨɣס©˳ֵݸмҲѹ֡һλĴæ岮Ǳ֪Ұ˵ˣҲ֪
͵ǲ˵ʲôˣֻվԭأɴۣеʵĶ
һ帮ϡ
绹ϴĿγ̣Ϣĺͣһǰ˼ûˡ
ֻ뾡뿪鷿ֱıոȥ
ȥҺN
NСӡЩʱ򣬻дһдš
ϵѿƪŤŤ˵ҲǴ׻ǱԹ̫ѳԣǰūǳԵķˡǱԹ£ȥȤúܡ
ҪôǱԹ·ҪƨɶߵɢˡҪ˵طͽߡ
䵽ôһأֱǵ˰˱ù
꣬NѾûʲôϢˡ
Ͳûʹ塣
ҲֻǿЦŽͣ˵N⣬ϱԽԶˡȻɽˮôһʱżͨҲ⡣
ͱϾСǸӣ˽ͣһʱҲ˵ʲô
ܾʲôԡ
񣬺Nǻˣ
ôţβɨһºͣؾͰѽ仰˵ˣֻǴҴҼ˻귨һ棬˵Ѿˡ
硭Ǿͻǻ鷿ʱ
Ȼǲܼġ
⻰һѪȥ
ӣɴźҧһʱʲô˵ˡ
׽Ūһǵ⣬ֶԺͶٴЩɵ
ԴСʱ򱻺Nһ֮󣬺ȻϲһþյĵʱϱƱһ㣬ʶı죬ٶԣС߻Լλȥ
֪NʹǰĽõģʱĬĬںߣ͵硭
һֹ̧֣ס
ʱİӹͣ˹⣬ӡ
;ͰѺN˵Ű˵һ顣
İ˾һ飬۾һ˲ŷʶӣʲôʱ£
ˣף¶궼֪
ǻʰ岢ֻ֪ǺСһʱûסִˡ
ĬĬش۽ޣԼϥϡ
ϣѾһ˫Сճӡ
İ״ֲ᲻صĶӵС򣬵ȷ֪¡귨ԺǺӣֻһ֮ǻزˡ
̧һСס촽Űꡣ
Ͼ紺ϦŲ˶ãһһİȥ
ֱҹɫǡ
ҡŵɺӰڰζϡ
ֻСַϥϣá


478 ʱ

ӣСȥĺţһ̧ͷͿͻˡ
ϽһתĺԱߵĸӭǰȥ˵ͷֺƲֵĵСԴ
ӣΪǰ鷿ʲô£ȥһַס˺͵ļ
͹סӣͰѺN˵һ顣
ӣûNˣէȻţҲ΢΢ۣ漴ôˣ
£ʾūŸԼһ̲裬ͷӦǹŪ顪漰귨ûǸ˵Ц
ӣ룬ҲŶڷཹཱུذ̲¹࣬ƼֱƵġ
ϽסһҪţٺˡ
˶ŵŵŵ˹ͷź;͵ҵָˣ
۰ãʱȴõ΢΢üͷô˵N硣
С֣ԭһ£ԼƵ
Сཱུ֣գͲסڸϴת
ãʿʾǲǿ߲ˣ
ϾСҲˡ
İźSǰ鷿Ųãӣ˵ͷ˵ϼθСˣȲԵһȣղź˲̲裬ֻ±ǲҲԲ¡
ĸڵ¶ţӣϸ㣬ԺͰοN¶ﻹǵáǿʮһ£ѾʮˣҲؾˣ㲻عڵ
˶٣Щпӹõǿ죬û뵽ôһΣѾˡ
̧ͷӣǿЦЦ
ӣ΢΢˳񡪡źN⺢ӣǵ괳»£ҲӦڹ鷿ϰ֣ѧҲӦѧ൱ʵˡ
һ쵽ڴϱ֮䣬һӻǲͬ·ˡ
νҲǺһЩ˵
˵ֱһЩ⺢ӣѾˡ
ǻΣе׵ġ
尢ǲ֪ʷϵ򡪡ǿʮ꣬ûжã̫Ӿͽˡ
ȵ̫ӱϵʱ򣬺Ȼ㡣
ʱ򣬺NӦҲܹص˰ɣ
ӣţͿҲͷĬĬע棬֪ʲô¡
񰲾Աߣתͷң˿͸磬ȻŬС֣Ǹǰ˲ˡ

ǰ鷿Sİһš
İһſӣһ߻ϰԵ˼⡣
⣬ʵ鱾϶СSѧҲ˿๦ġ
İţͿʼչʺSԼĿˡ
S飬ϰ֣۶ܼ࣬
ǿԸԺ뷨ֻԴտգʲô˵ˡ
ʵҲδȫ˵ǹؼ˵˵ʲô¶Լ֪ǵø׵ӡ
İ翴ŴΨΨŵŵģľЩʧ
ܺõסˣֻµЦЦ赭дصǺùˣĵ׻ǲ룬ѧѧʡܹѧʣֻӲȥúÿɣвģʰꡣ
S֪ⳡʣǽˡ
͵͵Ĵһڴϣ߬ŵСȭͷҲ˿
ʱ̫͹İ磬˵һӣʱϻǲϣ
Ǻͺϲһˡ
ūŵ˼ҲԡʵҪҪŵҹ
İҲ뵽˺ͣ⻰΢΢¶һ˿Цݡ
תͷտSSѾվнصѾˣ⡣
İʵû˼ǿźSʶȤЩˡ
İӱأʾSָָԱ̫ŷһ϶ƤˬһЩá
Sſӣսɿ

תۼ䣬Ѿ˳ģۿһˡ
괺죬һҲǶǰһ²źá
ʹˣÿһ˸Уֻ˼ǣǸ
ǶõĻ䡪Գ嵭˥Ŀֻ뽹ǡ
ողͣҩ˵Ҫĸʮĸ
ȻǺͲรҲš
ǣĸӣͼӣϽǡ
ӣһμʮĸϡ
ϻᡪŵĿͷȥ
ʱĲڴ֮Ͷ֮£ؿϵСë
ӣž;ãʵǸ
˵û䣬һתϡã
ϱϾᣬߵòӸͨˡ
ĸȣһùŮǰѴ巿²ȫڵչ
ĸʮĸѡ˵׼ﴩѡ


479 ͯͯ

ʮİİӣټϵó幫Ȼ곤Ҳ˸С֡
͹ĶԶƷ
ĸȻֵѡ
Լһӡ޵ӣɫɫ紺һ㣬ССĻէһۡ
ϸԽԽӺݡ
֪ôģȻԹһͷӦϲĻɫʵء
Ȼ΢΢һ̧ȥͿӣȻҲˡ
Ʋסģ۰Ͱ͵Ŀš
ǲĸߣӣۡĽëס
ĸڲĦһ˲ЦŵʶҪһˡ
ԱҲѡˣѡĶǶ̵ɫžˡ
ڰ֣ĸļҵģֻ㿴еģڳһԣҶ˸ȥ
תͷϵҲһ
ȵĸʮĸˣ񲻾һ㣬ָָԱһƥ۵ĲϣǸҲ⺢Ӱɡ
һ˵ţһ߾ɨһӣ
ӣǱģʱϽǰл
Цӯӯĸ˵ģʱƳӣлҲֻ˸ơ

Ź˶ˣ͹жʱ
ŮɴһӸ˹ŵڵǰ£һֽյһ߾̧ͷеصˣҪҪūŷȥЪЪ
۾ڰֵʹˣϲŲŲȥҴ򡣡
ɴӦһƵ˵
һӣ˵˼лᵽĸʮĸ飬ֲ֪ôģᵽĸϡ
ɴ죬󵨵ؾ͵٩Խรˡ
⻰ŵۣ΢΢һ졣
Цһ£͵Ȼô죿ͷһӶͷȴһһҪƫģٲЩŮô죿
ɴ΢΢ϵһЦҲֻΪˡ
ʾλһЩŵȷʵϲԵĲ˵Ů˲٣Ӳѳ¶˶ߣĸģ

ٽڣıոҲ
ڵ죬峿ҪѾƣۻƾơ
ոɣءѡߵʱĹϹ촦ӦĸҩӶڸ
Ͻ𶧡ֶˮ빬㡭
ȵҩƮڿ֮С
ڸԺԴöԽеļõѣֻΪȥͼΣ㲻ԸٴˣΣǴˣҲȥū͵͵ͳȥҹˣ»ʽŴ
ԹšΪֻǺӣҪѣų档
ŷԭճҲˡ
Ĵ֮ǸٶʹͣҲӡ
Ǻܿ죬ȥǰȥȥҪˡ
ȻԸΪǡȡ
ŮԼǰһ棬ﲻʹ졪Ը裬Ǳ񷴹ҪζͲˡ
Ǽʹˣϻһĸģ
ΪѾʮˣܿͻᱻָżҼˡ
ϼȻѾĸͷȻջء
ⲻ㡣
һһγɹҪôԽԽ
ԽԽ̰ȻնԼһо
ڵ˶ڡ
һ죬Լѡڿ˻״߶֮䣬ˣˡ
ӣŮһ𣬴ĸŮװõʱԺȥˡ
ԺͬһСһ㣬кŹˡ
ʮֻйζϡ
ҲΪˣԳһֺ䲻ƵĻʮΥ͡
˱ģ񶼲ɵضһ¡
̳˶üۣһСʮ־Ưټ񳤴һЩϴŵѺţȻССȣѾǸѵС˶
ϵһ˲Ͳɵ¶һ˿̲סļʡ
ЦžǰǸӣ밲΢΢ЦضеƯ
վԱߣɫǲεأȥ
̧ͷһƺ
С̧֣һƯ˭ϲ㣡
˶Ц
ȻͯͯǴɫһ˲ͺࡣ


480 ۱

ǲʹġûоĴҲͰˡ
ǡǡ֮󣬻ϳ˼Ѹ˲ȥ˷ͷ
ζܡ
ҺһϲģС˵⻰һñӴ˲١
ˣֻЦСԴ
Աߣʱ˹סõС֣͵ǵһȥҪ
񱻶㷴ס֣΢΢С֣ʾ㡪֮䣬Ҫϲֵ̫ԡ
ȻСȴС֣ŬĴŶߵһ
ūǸžΧźСӣϵ̺ˣָ˱ĺɫ棬֮󣬲˿
Ժһͽģߺܸߣֿ
ͷԼӱصСȣĴˣͿȣūǽĿȡߡ
תת飬պ«ưҲĸԼĿߡ
ŸոŲСӾû֧ţʱʧȥƽ⣬˺󱳶һ¡
ĸϽָСӰѿ֧ˡ
㬵ףɵ̾˿Լʲôʱܳôѽ

ڲͬΪײ˹﹫ϲ£ʹ͸󷽡
ż檶˲ٺö
Ȼϲ⡣
˸ж¸ĸлžһƬЦ
һ˹ԼлĸҲʼŵġ
ӣֻչźӡ
ܸ˵ʲôֻҪûʵʼձƽ͵΢Ц
иڵĵطᾡڸС
ϾʹǰһˡǰôรθڣܷɢһЩע
˸ôһŮг谮Ĳรˡ
Խ˼ʸӵľأ΢ЦͳĬԽǰӦķΪ΢ЦԱ۲߸ͬ塣
Ϊÿɷ׽͸
Ϊ׽͸֪ǳ

ť»ȻԺȴһֻ״СƿƿǰЩӣ̫ҽҩӣǲѪ
ۿųҩ裬ɫͱԽˣɫģ֬һ
ť»ߵĶЯһҲ롣
Ĳ˲ע⣬һҩȥ

־֮УĺϷš
գйԱ壬ҪЯӵܵüݣŮڼУĿ͵øС
Ҳǲ࣬δضҪʽһҲٲˡ
İϯϣϷ̨ϷǳѽѽΧǱ˴˼Ȱ
һϷҸӵ飬Ҳ֪ǲǱ黳İٱʱĿɨȥͿʮרעضϷ̨ϡ
ıʱʱȻ
һѲʰڶӳȥ̫ھǡ
ֵ̫塣
ǱʱʱԹĻ̫ʵҲϳְˡ
ֻǵ⼸ֱ̫꣬ˡ
ˮۣˡƴϣԭز˾ͷԵԸʶˡ
˶óʰ̫ӵĳ谮һڱ١
άϵŵģһдĸˡ
ʹһ֮ҲлԼʱ
ԥһµʱʵѾû̫ȥˡ
Ϊԥһͬʾǣֵá
ֱصţѹ̫ӵһ

ڣϰףϷۣˮȤ
縳ʫòš
ƹѲǱ˴ǺĴСһϸϵţڹ֮ϣСһЩĻԾԾԣһ칭
һٽ䣬͡
ʱ
ֱ硢İ硢尢硢˰ˣ΢Цϯԣ̧ͷͿСܵ
ʮİȻѾȢ˸٣ϹǺľͷʱҲ˹׼ӱһ䡣
ǰʮ尢磬ļ֮ϣеĸԴһڷƮƮġ
ǵǸȡ£ӼͷĨɾŽӺͼǰȥʸǰ
ʮİһƿգЮźķһͽ˫ϸͬʱӡ
ϯλϵģ˾ֳϥЦ
һЦһ߾ȥ͵ˡ
ؿڣϽվл˵˼仰ֱһ˥ӡ
ֱԶԶضʮİ硣
Զµһֲ˲ͷϵĺһ߽ݸӭǡ
ӱ󿴹ȥʮĵܿխӢ˲Ѿĺ塣
ܵǡȷʵڳˡ
ֱսеľƱصš


481 

ֱأԼ£ֱ񷢴
ȴ֪⸱ѾȫİС

ȻǴգײȳϦꡪû̫١
ϵʱİ̤ӣԺӣͿ԰ƻͨðһ
ԭǵѬó档
ӣԺӡ
ĸڻһߵɴۿšҲ֪ôСĺӣǿöǿ
ʱʱС֣СȣѽѽĽźš
ͺܸˡ
ӣǱԺŵģĸŮ˹ƶûİ

İվԺſڣһʾūǱȻֿһһСӡ
ǵãӣǰãһκܰɥСԹˡ˵ԼڲȴǰˣѶûǰÿˡ
ôӱ󿴹ȥĺܡŲתƣԥġ
İ翴ſţǾԽԽߡ
ӣҲӡһһ߻ڽŮɣϥᣬ࡭
Խ֮ǰӿһѺ֡
ֵúܣֻϴССƽ廨ЬʱȲſС֣Ͷĸ׺߹߹
ӣһһʮߡʮˡܽӵס𣿡
ڱϣȻЦĽһƣ
˼˵ܡ̫Сֲ壬˵ˡơ
Ц
Цһ룬Ϳżӯһߣһ˹
²ЦˣϽȣյؽסˡ
˺üȵȶ֮ſʼŶﱨšʮ
ӣڱϣһڣһ߿ŮȻߵûɵúһʡ
ǲܿ䡪һµػͷŶһЦӶʱͷɳȥˡ
ƫУóԺſڵİ˹
İ΢΢һֱ࣬ӱŲ󷽵ʢȥ
Сߵӣʢ˦Ӵ£Ǳܵؾԭһס
Դסӡ
ëԴϣΡΡζԶԶƹȥʢͷ˸ɫĳСһ
Цᶼˣ˫ֱŶӣָʢԭضţ
Цһ֮ĵرŸ׹ֶ꣡
ӣʵղ۽ҲƳİˡ
û
Խլˣ֪ǰ嵽Ρ
ǴݾͿƶϳˡ̫ϾҪϡ
һ콨ɵģҲһ쵹ġ
ÿ˳谮ĵӱϡ̫ӱԭ֮⣬ӣûֱء
Уİ粢̫ɡ
ȻˣİʱԾԺһСõһɡ
ɡһַǳ˵ʡ
İְŮֽʢԴϵ˹Цŵ˶ã
ԭرıĸȻûãոߣһ棡
һ˵һߵСţ־˸׵֣ӲקذԺˡ
İ磺
ӣۡ
֪İ粻ӣؿڴ˼һظسҡҡ֣ܿŵصѽ߲ˡ
һ˵ۣͰѸ׸ˣܵԺһȥȻԼְ˻µСչ
ūһϽȿֺĹȥҪСӰᡣ
ֱӸӣǰĸ첲͵﷽Ŵˣһôã̰࣬ϽЪЪ
ӣ̵ؾͱСް
һ̧ͷͿİվڶ桪Ǽ⣬Ľضơ
ӣոˣѾժԼؿڵСӣǰͷСŽŵ𶯣İ
ӣֱסŮСӣһ˲á

һİӣӡ
ϴһˮ֮󣬾Ϳʼˡ
ĸС֣λƵţɴ۾ŽĶ
ӣһСģ߳ҵ˺СϣϽūųȥ˼Ρ
Ǻرÿ˺
һߣͲˣѽѽغšơȻҡҡλεСȥ׷㡣
һڡ
ˡ
ϾǳʱЩȣŮǿ˴԰ϵһһĴ˽ˡ
ΪѬ㣬Ҳóˣİ紩ذɫĵ£ڵ¿顣
һ߿һ߷ҳʱżͻ̧ӣһۡ
ӣ棬ԼŲддר־ͷҲ̧
ﾲĵģֻеƻżһ죬溢ǵЦ
һܰ


482 ƴ

ӣţͽҵšؼСȷ⡣
ԽԽһͷһĺ
ĸϽڱϣľ͸СӲ
ӣһĲ˾ȥ˯ҲѾˡ
İпڴͷӣ˵ЦҡҡͷǺӡ
޾ġ
ǲһʹϴˣҲ˯ŵġ
˵Ӿȳ˳Ķ࣬ʵδˡ
ֻǳֵ࣬⡢ѹܴʱ򣬷ǳ׽ǣͷתͣԼǿ˼ľء
ɢµľ
ǲһˡǹŵ޷Ǿ档
ûںġ
ɴ˹֮ǳҲ˴⡪һ͸ľˡ
£ȴ޹ҰǸ֡
İ鱾Ĵһ˲ɵЩˡ

һӣʵ̫ˣǳȥЪϢˡ
ȵİ࣬Ҳ̫ˣźһ˵ܣȴԼ
ӣ˳ԼȴţǸöܲźء
޲ݻʮꡣ
ղӵʱоԼӱǰˡ
ЪϢʱģҹĴϣȻŵţ㵽ȥˡ
İֽӣ˻
öſŵģһ˶һۣĬľ˿ȥˡ

ĶҪֺü죬԰û׼ۡ
ıոԺҲûϹ
ڶ죬Ѷˡ
˵ʳ˵桪ϴɾС֣Ӳ֪˰ʲôȻתͰ͵ǰš
ֻһ¾üô£
õСֱּҪ˸ڻˡ
ԭղţתȥԸˢӰȫˢһۡ
ӣЦԷǣԱߣתͷŮϲ𣿡
ٺٵЦЦȻ˵ΪӣͼɳաˮգһҪȫŴɷŴףζ
ӣһһ㶵ġ
Աߣ۾ϣѵ¶һ˿ɵЦݣҲϴϴְɣá
ӣŮͭźϴ֡
ҶǴŷɹɵģһµʱøɾˮһ£ȵҶָյĴ֮󣬾ͿԿʼˡ
ӡӣڴԽ֮ǰҲǰģʵǿȥô򵥡
ûƺãÿǴĿ϶ͻ󣬿ܻ©Ƕ©
ʱ͵üҶˣһǶһš
ҶӼӵ̫࣬ӵζͲˡ
Իǵһǳѡ
˵мʮְӣԽǰֻַһǹƵԲ׶ΣСա
һ־ǰͲ״ͷա
ͷյİСռһЩҲܰøһ㣬ǻˣҶŴɢ
һ£Ӷ˵ϲСյİ
űţȻͷЦ
ӣڵͷӣŮЦ̧ͷһſ֪ôģȻԼָƽȥˡ
ȻСֱһ
ӣЦȥŶСָ˳ָϾȻճһϸӡӡ
ɵ
ѶԼŶС֣ͷ͸˺һ
ۿźӡɢ˿ȥӣ֣˳СԴ͵²Ҫÿ¶ÿ˵ĽࡪֻҪպԼĽ࣬Ϳˡ
ͷԼָȻ̧һС۾գҲգӣ

ʱİӸջԺ˾͹ǰˣ˵ǴְӣŰȥһء
İ뵽ȥǰԺѣȥˡ
û뵽ť»Ҳڡ
İť»æվ밲
ȵ֮ť»ϵü˳۵վ˸
İŸ˵ʱʱĿǶӹ
Ȼ֪İȫģť»һһһס
һСĺİߣɵָ߬ʶľһĭ
үร硢ޱߡԺŮǣһһοġ
˭Ųģ
ֻطGˡҲ㹻ˡ
ολȨصĻӡ
ť»Ҳ֪İ˵ѹûаġ
һһûС
һٷť»ϿŸƺıģ֪׻ǹá
ҲŮ븮ǵ˼ָİߡ
ȴƫƫҵľء
ť»֪Ǿ֪ץס븮Ļᣬһźƴˡ
ǡť»ϱţϣͲʲôνƴáһ¡
֮ԻãΪ˴һʼɸľͲһźơ
Σֻнеơ
ȥ


483 Ѳ

Ҳ˰꣬Թɵ񣬿ѾһŮģˡ
İ翴ųŮü˳ۣ˳ģɵؾ뵽˵ϡ
Ҳһ˵ΨΨŵŵ񶼲̧˽Ӵ
ڸԺôЩ꣬Щ仯ˡ
꽫˸ӦҲôرˡ
İ뵽£ɵؾ̾һ
ԱߣԹɫ״ͽְõ˹һֱ͵˸ǰֽԱŵİǺ͹Ҳһ˹
˫ŵӣԱūż״ҪæҲˡ
İ翴һƬ֮飬þܾʾѵӷ
һֻӣ˼ڡ
ǰˮգϺõĽװɣƽƽ棬ζڹ
һ˿һϣ͹һ𣬶᷸塣
İһ߳ţһߴϽͰë˹
ȸ--ΪŮ˳̺Ļᡣ
İӹֽ˲ǣôŮūһ㣬ΧֱתЩ
ѹѹʾҲ
Ǻܸ--İôźͺһټոһһڵŵܰζ
ԵԺѰĳ˵ȴͷ

˶ڣߣһ
֮Уٴγ
̫ͣ˲--ɫȮ֮£Ҳùлڹ֮⡣
Ҳһݲ԰˿ű㲻ɵò֮С
кһӣ˴̫Ǭ幬һͬš
䲻˵ТҲǸӹϵļ֤
Ȼµףֱһ̫˵̰۰--˵Ŀ󣬵ʶӡ
ôһ£̫֮ǰŬȫΪС
Т˳оķ˶Ŀɡ
ٰƣ֮£Ȼ̫ӡ
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ӣϢһ--û뵽ʦµľٶôƵ
ǰܻһΣڼһҪѲ
һһεĲͬǣ糤һЩǹ׹صСӤˣ˴Ҳͷˡ
ûκģİ;ӣͺǳš
һκǰľΧһͽ̫ƣгѾٺʡ
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ҲֻǳĶУΪ
ֽ--Ǹǲ̫۵ġ
İӣһӣ˵ˣЩ׹
ǻִ˵Ļ˵С
ӣҪŵһ˵ϲصС֣˵ֱܣϲţǳȥ棡
ȸԾһӣʹūܵñȥ˵ҪúõʰƯ·ȫҪ·ȥ
Ȼϸָ
Ƴ˵۾ŽȥȻʲôСѲҲİƣĺţ棡棡
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ԺĵŻЩ̡
İǰ鷿ſ͵ţвҪãߵʱ򻹲ӣ˵һѲţҲᱻϡ
˼Ҳӣš
ȥ𣿡ӣ룬̧ͷİ硣
ȥİܼ򵥵Ļش
˶٣̧֣ӣգߣүġ
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ȻָľǶˡ
İ˵ˣվԺſӣֱȥˡ
ӣԭվһᣬоϸOO@@ġ
ͷһԭСڵϴȥë׵βʹϲϵɨ
·֪˼һ㣬С̧Բ۾Ĭӣ
ӣԭضָһһĴͷβ˳ë
ʱۣСҲСˣǱôһͷͷ˹¶װ׵ĶƤ
ӣ־ظ°ʹ
С۾΢΢ķ
ӣͷӣȻ;úһů
һССӳסԼĲӡ
ǲ˵һ𣿡
֪ʲôʱ˳ſӣͷϾ
ӣ˵ͷ˼ʱȱ£ҲҪصظ߶㡣
Ϊʲôվԭأ־ץץףʵ
ӣ˶٣һְѹһסŮС֣ǣ̨ߣȻǾҪ˵ڲźá


484 ԰̸

˼ص˵ͷ

ӣ밲ʱҲүҪѲ˵˳ڡ
İʵûô˵ġŸѾѰ಻סӣ֮ڿڣҡҡͷ
ѵ˵ˣͻô
ѲľΧԲһľΧʢ£Ҫ棬еԶִ
Ѳֻǳһ£οѲĴ̫࣬Ѿҳ㷹Ƶˡ
ոȻҪڸһġ
ӣʼ׼ڳҪĶ
˵ۼ֮ȻһӦȫù˵Ķվۡûа취ġ
ںҲˡǵĶʰ¾ˣתȫˡ
⼸̫رãӣһָŮһ߾˳ѹ׵óȥɹһɹ
ʵ̫ˣеĻµģûںʵļڴϣһȥͱɾɵˡ
ЩرµƬ廨ӵףѹĶûˣһʰһһһҪ̯ܿĵطûˡ
¹ﳣ궼ŷһûϵôȫ򿪡ӣͱѬĴ˼硣
תͷСȰรҪҪȥԺתתūء
ӣĵҲǣֽ˼䣬һֱ˵ȥ԰档
Ůȥˡ
԰ĸֺʹǰһˡȥһˮз֣Ľ󣬳˸Ժ԰iรԺӵλԽ
ռҲɡ
ıǰߣͣͣʱʱĶ·ߵС
ԺвƷ֣һרŶŲݴв֪СҰɡ
Դ֮󣬼ֻԺӣطԳΪһСء
ӣ԰Ĵࡣ
һ·߹ɨūż΢΢Щȣ漴Ͻǰ밲
ûߵԺɽ֮ӣ˽˵壬̾
ȵӼɽƹȥˣſԭť»ϺվԱ߹㣬һ߿һ߽ͷӶ
ȥ͹ϵܺõӡ
һӣײһť»ϵĸ첲
⶯ȻСȻӣ
Ȳӣ߽ǰһЦݵ밲
ť»ǰϥǸ
һûӣŷť»ֱ֮ǰԲ˲٣ȻݣһȴԽ
ĳ࣬ﵽⶼ͸ϲˡ
ӣһ˲ĬĬؾ뵽ˣʷķչ켣λť»ϿƲѡһˡ
ֱӺ󹬵ĴӮҡ
˼ҷʱء
һƺֺʷķչ켣һ
ӦŤ«ģȴԼСӡ
΢΢һ˽ť»Ǳ߾ͻˡรڸԸء
㷲غһۣѹͷ
ҿӣʱ򷢻ˣɡ
񿴼أͿĵ˹ȥĸūæϣ񣬲ˮ
ӣ˳ƾڼɽͤ
͸ŵĨһ͸ȥˡ
ӣǶͤˡ
йȥһͬ븮ĽһҲ͸ӣˡ
ť»ȴ˵ʲôҲ
̬ǫ
ӣť»Ͽһ䣬ť»ִˣҲͲǿȴɵظעť»ˡ
˵˼ҳл񰵰شӣһķΡӣ֮䣬鱦ǵ㣬ĵĽȴֻ࣬˿ǡôسƵ޷ϡ
˿мŵһӣɫʯָôɰֱ벻ȥ
⻹ֻ棬Ĵɴ˿ӵİʹ͵Ʒ
뵽İһδӣѲ飬ѹͷĽЦž͵Ҳ˵ˡүһָֻȥѲأ
ť»Աţʱϸϸĸ͵รȻǶиġ
䣬ѾԱ˹һͷӣĻ־ժµһǻȥЩˮɣ˵ֻܿһӲлأ
ӣŮСԴá˵һϸϸС
Ŷһתͷɨ˵һť»ϡ
Աߣͼ֮ԡ˵ԽƯԽԽรˣŻɰǸϵСһ㡣
˵˵ţƻ˷Ѳ顣
ӣЦЦүҪѲĻᣬǳȥʶһ·Ȼǲչ˵ġ


485 ֦

˵˼仰ۼӣûʲôȥ˼ˣʶȤĳ˳ť»ϵӣվӣǰˣֻ˵Ųรˡ
ĿԶˡ
԰֮Уһ룬ɿקť»ϵӡ
ť»Դ븮ټร԰ģѵ԰˵仰ûײˣɣ
ЦЦÿһۣǸСĽӣղҲû˵ʲôĻţ飬ٲߣ̲รΪǱˣʲôأ
ť»ϵһӾˡ
ҡôᡭǡ״
ǹһĨζЦݡ
ť»ϵĺ󱳣˵ȡЦĻ㿪Цúαص棿

ʮ³ۼѲʼ
ӣźǣڸſڵ
ۼūǽһһװϳĸŸǣڸſ֣µİС
İ緭һˣ˸䣬ǰˡ
ϣ黺н
һγţһҲЩʱˣӣڲס˷ܡԴӴԽʱ֮󣬳оͲִͬһ㷽㡣
ֳų;еĻѵ
οǶߣҲûʲôǣҷŲˡ
Уûһ˴֮¡
ڳԱߣӱ紵ĴָܵһС
һָһߵܵʲôʲô
һ˫۾Ŀתųδ֪硣

أϽǹſڣ˽ʱȵۼݡ
һ¶ʱͺƺƵǰͷ󲻼βˡ
˳ţھһΣٹٹ͵Ӱ˺ĳУֱˡ
ӣöԱߣ׼õ֦¶ڳһ߷СϣһҪҪںһ㣿
ղŵ˰죬˾ôͷ˿š˵Ѿˣúܡ
ӣӹ֦¶
ƷҪõףʱûףӣľСˡ
âӣڸոմԽʱһΪйˮİ縮϶С
˺֪ԼªˡâйˮŴС
˵Ԫ꣬Ѿй
ʱ򣬸ҲＱ̨͡âꡣ
ԣҲܱʹ͵ġ
ӣǵİ˵Ц˵ǰ꣬λѲÿÿ౨£βĩβʰƼâ˵ζɿڣ£ȤĻضӽװһͬ
һ˵ʱ򣬻ʰ껹˾ĸģ֪ˡδɿ
ǵȵâ֮󣬻ʰ곢ˣҲˣǺؾ͸˸Ѳģ֮
⸣ѲҲǵطԱ˴Ҵҵƨӵģ仰ûһѪ³
ϸһĥ뵽ڡ
ԭâʱΪ·ϵʱ̫ãâʧȥʵķζժµâûȫġ
һЩƫɬġ
һ¹Ūɳ׾ˡâ˾ʱ򻹲졣
Ȼóˡ
ǣѲִأֽڶâ͵˾ǡ
âɿڣŴˬĹǶϲ
˺ʹ͸ҵ¶
ӣ֦¶ǴŷʵĹӣ֪รϲŷæؾͰͽˡ
ӣûаâȫ飬˲âټҬˮҲδ˵Ʒ
Ĺ飬н
ˮһЩҲ̫Ҫϲ

;Ϣʱİǰ沦תͷеӣͺǵԱ
͸̤̤ˡ
пϣֽӺĶ䣺ȽͣˣҲұܡ
źһᣬװɵ㶵ֻûˡ
ӣЦеʢһ֦¶ӡ˼â棬ö˸ϸڵıӹװһİ硣
״ϣʱҲ
İȡЦСŮӲŰ֣̫ˣ
һ˵һ߾ͿѾһ֦¶˰ˡ
Ʒȴͻȳ˴Ƶĺ
İԼƷǰҲǿӣġ
Ϊʲôİϣһɵһ߾˳ӣ
ͦš
ӣǵǰʳգĽ⣬һ£һظİ硣
֦¶ȡԴڹеľƿ
ֳ֦оƿƿе¶ˮΪ֦¶
ȡˮȴеİգնͬƷһ㡣
֦âµˮ
¶Ҭˮţȡ
ƷҲ˺ͼ顣
ӣЦе˵ֱ꣬޲Լơ
һ̧ۣͿİͺ͡˶һһ㶵ġ


486 ϼ

һѲ·ߺһβ࣬½·֮󻹻ʵˮ·
ȵһվЪϢʱ򣬵صĹԱѾӭڳſӼݡ
Ӽ꣬Ǽǣ
ӣ֮Уӳ⿴֮жŵƽʣϲŨŨʾĶǶҵĻӭ
ƺƵȺ֮УбʿڵϿͷԣ⵱صĶ
عԱŵˣȥߡ
Ҳˡ
ΪʾʶƵʵǰս裬ȥԱ̰¡
νġԱȻ漰İ硣
ӣԽ֮ȻôЩ궼һֱլԺǱϾİ˵ö࣬ľЩˡ֪İܵϿأϰĲҲۺúܡ
ƩǷ飬ֹؼе¶
֪ıոλรܳ裬ǾôѲ·ϣЪϢʱ뷨ӣһһ͵ӣǰ
ֻรܰŴͷ硣
ӣź񣬸Ͻ͸İ硣
ƷȻҲһûȫԭⲻĸȥİ
İӣȫ̹ϺαʲôҪ
İһ߿õһ߾Ͱο˵Ѳ·ϣײھԼҸͥգеո
˶ʱǸรĺûᡣ
ҲΪİ
֪ү㡣İЦžḧ˸ӣա
˳־ͰԼ󣺡£û¶ү
ӣ˵ͷκ
İͷ΢΢һȣһ־Ͱ˻

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ض뾩ǾѾԶˡ
˳ţӼݵĳ׳ۡʿ϶ڣ˸Ӻᦶ˿ģĶмᡢӭʥݵ֡
⻹нͤȣŵƽʣ˿׳ĿϾӡ
ֱӦԮˡ
ĺɫŨ
ӣź衣
񳪵һûһҲѧĶ϶
ѽѽ͸ƵġֱӰӣ˯ȥˡ
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СӹĴţͷСӦӣ
ӣ۾ſҲſĸ˯ˡԴС΢΢ţһ˯²ʡģ
ȥƣƣ
洫ūǶ˰ᶫ
Ѿס޵ĵط
һô㳵軪ӣҲЩܲסˡ
һ˵ӣ۾ˡİһ·Ӧ͵ǡ
仰˵ֻҪûʲô¶Ͼܽ˷䣬ϴһ£˯һ
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ʷϵĿѲкüζסڲܼҵġ
ûǲѩ۳Ĳܼҡ
ҲϾĽ֯츮
֯츮ǲѩ۵游游Ϯپסء
ոյǻѩ۵游ͱӾǲϾν֯죬Ժ游Ⱥʮꡣ
ټϲܼҺͿĹϵԿѲʱ֯츮Ϊй
ѩǿʮˣڲſʮ꣬Ȼһ˷緶

һ·ȥ
ǸгģŽ֯츮Ŀݻûô⡪ҲΪֻһͨй
ӣĳЩˡ
ϸЩһ尢ร϶϶΢Цԭϲ԰֣⵹ѣеܹɽܷϵľ£ү˵ֺֱй֮޲
϶ҲӣϤˣ˵Ҳԭôһһۣ֮䶼㡱ҡȥˡ
ӣûӸ˵ĵأֻܲÿɷЦЦ˵һ·ϵúܣէȻɫ˵ĺܡ
϶ϻΪ⻰ַӣеصߣϽȥԺӣЪɡ
һ·ţһ߾˵Ǳк棬ӣŮȥūһȡš
·;в٣ôţҲİˡ
ǰߣĸ͸ں桪СŮǣ֣粢ż磬һ˵Żһȥ˭Ժ档
һ˵һͺȻüͷӡ
ԼСִĸ˳յǰ˼ӱ˳ӣӡ
ӣͷһŮ֪ˡСѾͷڼˡ
Ͻʹ񣬼ӿ˽Ų


487 ȥ

ֻ˺һһŵԺͣ¡
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ӣ˲ϸͰ˸򷢳ȥˣҲ˶
ȵŮӶ⣬öҲūǣ׼õϴˮ˹
ӣСǺúϴһ£ˬ·
һֱ˵Ҫ˯ӣȰ˴̣ȥ¡
·̰棬ſڳſڣЩ˷磬ʱشֻߺغЩۡ
ӣһͲˣŮƫƫӹཪ¡
Ͼ˽ȡ
˵ˣҲʲô֢״ܺȽ
˵ȥİһе̫ҽ
һ˵Ҫ귨е̫ҽʹӴ˳ĸ첲СҲûôءֲˣ
ӣΪŮǻ伲ҽط´ѹûаֲֻ֢СֳӣһСȴڴأеص
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ӣеЦãŮȺСô£ʵ߶
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ӣĶ䣬ϸϸĵ֪ﲻϲӦ꣬˵ҲˣͿչˡ
ӣץŮС֣󣬶˵ˡ

֮ĸŵܹˡ
ĵ尢縮ϵĳġЩͳĸ㣬ĶƯãġ
ǿζʵ̫𣬾͸ǹƵġ
ûھͷˣĸȥɣţСԺ
͵ĺӵ׻أʲôʳȲˣ
ĸ֪ǾõĲóԣûֱ˵ǻͷͷԸūȥζĸ͹
ֵԺˣһһСԺժ˲ٻ䡣
һūŲȥλСá
ĸ˰֣ϸϸǲԲ裬õˡ
ӣ仰·;Լ·ں¥Ƶġ
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һ߿һ߱źڻﲻסš
ԺĸˣŮӲ֪Ķ˼ժµĻһƬһƬ»ڻֱӻѡ
ûһһɫ
ôһͺĻһ㣬ʮֺÿ
ʵڹ϶ϸոմĸʱӣûĸϾһոɳһͬĻ
϶ϣǰҲϤ
ǣŮѣӣû̫ơ
αأȵպ󳤴ˣΪ˸һҪܵƶȥˡ
ܹ޾ģҲôͯˡ
ϾֻôĺӣʲôҲƤ¡
ˮ㡪ѧ͸ָѴ򽻵ں˵һ¡

˺һ֮󣬹϶ԹӺˡ
ҲûȥĸȺӣ˵һ
ĸ棬һ涯ԴſˣϿװ˯ǴǼ˯ˣͲҪǷֿˣ
ĸǸԹŮ⻰еɣһ˫Ưӣԥԥ񣺡ðɣ
ĽŲԽԽˣһ֣Ͱĸˣֶū˸ơ
ԼҲſͷĸ񣬻۾С㿴Ҷ㶼ʲôһݾ˯ˡˣ˯ˡѰ¶
Ȼոձ죬͹϶Ͻˡ
϶ϿлЦţէȻŮӶſϣʱ͵ס˽Ųס죬Ӵô˯ˣ
ӣһۣҲˣϰأˡ
϶εǰȥĸѣվЩ᲻á
תͷӣһһЦһҡͷֱ̾
ӣ˼Цž͵ǺûţֻһʱҲв𣬲һ磬
϶Ҳˣ־ץסӣ֣Цŵ˼ֻǲ˼˵ѵúͶԵǶһҲá
ӣѹָָһӣǸϵĶҲ˯ء


488 

Ȼô˵ˣ϶ϵ׾᲻ã˼ֻͷŮ
ĸſϣһ˯ú㡣
ūǶһأֹ˭Ҳûҳͷ

ȵǶȥˣ۾ֱ
С־ͱͱĸĽ㣬ɡ
ĸ̧ͷֻӣѹڶԷԸū׼ҪĶ˵Ҫȥ
ūǻشҲǺСģΨֳλС
־ʾŮŵİԼŸˡ
һţͻקĸǼ棡
һʲôˡ

һĴϣ˯㣬źŮԱߣรˣæҪ밲
ӣ˰֣ʾūŲҪⳳѶ
ŵǰȥͿһСͷ೤Ϻ˵ġ
˯úˡ
ӣԱūţмѹ𣿡
ŮæµزรĻûУӽһֱ˯أ·ˣ
ӣ˵ͷúŸһˣҹ
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ӣ׼ߣȻתͷһ۶
ôô죿
ĵľ͹ȥ⺢ӵĶͷ
ãĶͷȥ¶ȡ
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ӣһ£֪ΣμѾˡ
һţһ΢΢Сһһȵġ
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વĿţҲ֪μʲôֻǰӣԽץԽ
Ա߿ţۼӣֱˡ
ǰȥ֣ȴӣҡҡͷʾûϵ
ӣժǰӣϸ˲ͷϵĺ飬סĺģ˰ڴͷڻһĴţһ߾͵ڣ£ﲻߡ
񽥽Ŀ޵ľûôˣСֱӣĻ·һֻ޼Ѱĸ׵Ļ
鶼ӡӣǰ
ӣ⺢ӵСԴԼҹĺףú˯£ʲô£жڣҪġ
һ˫Сָ첲§ס

ŮһĸȻͶ˻ʣֽǰƣͷ
ΪԼ̫ˣ־ֻʤĽϷ̫־ʹ˴ĸСӣĽ㣬Ҳˣ㻭ߣҪ˵Ļ˯ɣﶼ˵ˣ㡣
ĸԭһᣬȻգһ۾ͷŶСܹƿˡ
üصҶˡ
⻰˵꣬ĸֱĨĨ۾
һĻ΢΢죬ӶҪˡ
ϵλĶţش󷽵Ľ㣬ȻҲ˵޾ܿ޳ʱ
ϾСϾң
ްϽǰСָĽ˲ᣬæҵص⽭֯츮ֲϽǣûôȥˣұȥˡ
˵ˣתͷͷԸԱŮȥĸ϶ϲรһ˵ĸϴ˯ߣǱ߸Ͻ˹ĸӹȥ
ĸԱߣôһ˵Ȼۿ£ȴ̲סЦ˳ϴ
֪Ц˸ڳ˵
ŮӦҪȥְ˽סˡ
΢΢°ͣʾŮǽĸһװãȥӣ˵һ˵Ľȥˣܷڲȥ϶ϲร˵һ
ûȸĸʾһ
ĸԱߣһ鰲ŵľȻ򣬲æ
ӡʶǸ棬ǰĺֻǹˡ
Ľ𼱣Ҷﳣ˵ܽ¶ż˵£żҲûáοС£ٵһȣһܻؼˡ
СһһֻСַĸļϣһһۡɷµض
ĸЩ˼ˡ

һɿ˱ӣ֡
ӣŵذС첲˱źӿˣ˯ˣ߳˷š
ոһūǾ͹ʾ˵ĸȥ϶ϲรˣ֪ͨȥء
ȹԲรʾһ
һ˵ӣһ̧ͷͿĸС֣ŮӴ߳ĸƽʱô̬󷽣΢΢ʹԴڵĶ
ӣһˡĺӶˡ
ȥɣȥߡӣͷͷԸūŹȥˡ


489 ˮɳ

֪ܻؼȥˣĸҲͲղɥˡ
ǰϸϸĶӣл
ҲŶӶˣӣŮӣһ˵ҹ
Ϊڽ֯츮ĵУҲвǽζСԣζ뾩ȣȻͬ
ƻ£ŮӶԵýζ
һ϶ϹȻԹĸˡ
ϵױ΢΢ЩҲǴĺȦֻûǷˡһܿűȥ׼ЪϢˣֱūŹ˵ĸ˯ߡ
ĸ񿴼϶Ϲ˹ȥһͷ˶Ļ
ȵһĸŮǰųȥˣӣŰ˰й
ζղ˯ˣ
һСˢľͺˡ
С֣ŤŤԭվһŶӣԣʼ

ڶ죬֮󣬱ڲ֮ϡ
λϣڿ׵ʱıķ˿ʮ
֮ʱǳΪˡ
ܼҫ֮
󣬵ۼȥТꡣ
ĹǰУߵ񵽶⣬ȻĹعǰĳ¥ƣԪ谡
;УĹڵĹƾɲػĲݡһƬ
ֱİ硢ѧʿһ޽Тڡ
ֱİ֣
ϣǰ˵̫Ȼڲçȴһͳɽƽԭܣ̫ƶƶȶǼǵģҪúѧϰЩƶȡ
ǲ£ģϵʿԼǵͺۿһӲᡣ

ȵТȥ䳡
ĺɫŨʱػӡ
ۼ֮ʮػ߹ϲĵ
ӣںǵĴϣϸ֯װŲ졢д˿ᣬǹڴ࣬鼸ػӡ
ӣһ߳С֣һߺ̧ͷ⿴
ˮϺ֮ʱ
ӣӻĴȥͿ߹״ιơ
Ҳӡƣϻиʽͼ˿ҡڣصܲһԶԶȥһƬ½ԡ
ӳŲˮ⣬Ӱбʤա
Ӱ߲ʷӣŵƽʣ֯ʮַ
·ȻİգǾȻûʲô֮йԱѰźԱ
ʢɵ΢Ц
Ǻܿ죬ϵЦݾ͵ˣְѽĹԱԴӾǳһ·ǿ˷ѣ֮ǰҲʾ˵ǽֹʼţΪ˽ֽ꣬Ԥֻ
عԱһһ㶵ģȵӦ֮󣬹ڵϣֱԩ
ıԩ
Ȼ˵˲˷ѣ˭ˮ򵥺ȥд
ҪɴñԴ
˵ˣүھ·ʮػһЩʲô
ҸԩľǣŲãǾͲҪϻ
ү²˰·ȻͱֹԱԤֻ
⡭Ѱ°
ڹĶ˾һǴӿƾԴģڹٳ꣬һܰ˵ɻģѺڵ˵ɰ׵ġ
йԱϽԲֻ˵ǽǵһڡ
ʮػڣڳСػιֻۣںӱɢҲеġ
οѲǰٸմּҪһдӼ󣬲˷ѡ
ڸжϣҪԼһƬ֮ģĿʢݣǷҪôӭݲɣٸҲƲס
Ȼǧ򴩣ƨţϱ㽥ԳЦݡ
İֱһۡ
Ļϣְവ˿һ˳ˮƮ˹

ͺͺSİߣӣֻӡ
ںĴϣŶֱۣܸ˵ؾ͵㣬
ǰķָȥ
ӣһҲǰְԽʮֶ
úܸˣڴؾ˵ˮ·棬Ҫǽгһֱͺˡ
½·ߣߵ˺ܡ
ҲͬУž͵˵ͷ
һǰĴ࣬˼˵ܴһְؾǾͺˡ
ʱʱ֡峪
ǰ֮УһѾ˾Ʋˣİֱ⼸ǣΪڴˣһ·ʹ顣
˲̸̫ЦֻͷźȾƳԲˡ
Ͳ˵Ĺˮһ㲻ϾƷ
һİ;ö߰˷ֱˡ


490 칬

ð˰ȥֱƣİŰ˰羴꣬ԼƱңңʾ⡣
ʮžҪվ
ֱûʲôЦݣŵܵǷ׷׸ԼƣƱͷʾʮ¡
ͷյľˮһˡ

ۿŻʰһһȥˣҴֻʣֵǣֱҲ̲סڴڵֱ˸
İ翴Ųԣ͹ȥסľƱôˡ
硢˰ҲȰ˵
ֱһͨ죬žҪѪһ۾ббؿȥһ˦ӾͰİָƿˣһˤڰ˰ǰң
˰类õ۾ͷһֱգۣ۾ֱᡣ
ֱľˣۿʹӻһųˤϣ㿴
˵꣬ȻͦţָΧܵǣ˸ãͷҲˣǱһƮƮģΪ²ؼҸǡٹ꣬һܲˣ
ɨһ֮󣬼綼֪ôˡ
ԭǰѲ·ϣֱӵһš޹ȥɹŵŮá
ˮʳߵ⣬ദ
ʮദ
СǱֱһģֽԣǱߵķҲǹӣСΨҶˡ
һ𣬱켦ɹ
С˻Ѫᡪֻ˵ʮĸԼֱ꣬Ϸͺ䣬ϲơ
ÿƺƢˤūţ޴ˡ
С˵䣬ȴҲ֪һֱȥܻܲù⼸ꡣ
˵Ҳꡢˡ
ǰ죬ոտţֱһ߳жͿ޵Ĳˡ
ﻹЦó
һѲ·ϣҲһֱĲɵ״̬ǰô˼ѪƵҪڻʰǰúñ֡
ǣȻͿó
֮Уʵ̫࣬ܰСǵֽȫͲˣοЩСǣ
˵ġﱲУȥϺЩ໴Ӥ
ȻھΣҲûֱôھΡ
硢İ硢尢缸ˣΪнŮɣʱֱС񷴶Щ֮⡪ΣֱҵŮôСһͳȥ
ʰ¶ǶЩ̵ġ
һ㡰̡㹻Źһʱˡ
ץʱ䣬СҺżңûʰԣöǼԺж̻뷨
ۼֱҪȾƣİȥǿӲ־ϵذѾƱٺˡ
ֱﺬᣬ̧ͷŲӵģ
İûְѾƱݸԱߵūţŵʰǰĴϣһǻˣƼ⸱ӣõΣ
ֱֶֻڲֱصؾֵס֪Щʲô
İսȥϸ֪к첻壬ȥ߶ŵǣǰãԲס㰡
⻰ȻǶŮ˵ˡ

ϣոհվҲ͵ˡ
żİ˵һжãүعǹɶ£ߣѧ֣ܵ˰ˡ
ֻûһ˼ˣǼ޳ȥһլԺһѺ֡
İڵƻ¶˶ֽа˵ܲ٣ܲپ͵
ĸôεܵ㵽˼Ҳ꣺ˣöԴĻˡ
İڵ°û
ĿȻֽϵģ˼Ѿɢ˿ȥ
ʵû˼֮ǰѾ˳ꡣ
ȻѾ뺸ǵ˸£㽫˺ü꣬Ÿ˹ȥ
Щһͱߵĺǵǲһġ
УҲв֪ĸϵġ
Ȼϴûİ翴óŮһ㣬ʼʮֽ黳ġ
Ҳÿÿʱî˾ױ紩ˡ
þͺڴӣһ㣬
⣬⡣
˵ĸֱһЩûԼӣֻŶԷԸı䡣
Ŵһֶ칬
ֶŻı仯ıԼϵɫԸõ
ԸȻδʧʵ棬ѡʱ򣬵Ǹ
ȷƩֱҵĹĽһƢҪΧȫȴһ
ǣūţΥСֱ۰ŮҲ᲻кһѵ⼸䡣
ǹŮӣֶÿɫ
ԼˣСڷĦҲ֮¡
Ӹ׵ĽǶ˵ΪŮҸôԸֱʰЩкȻҪڵһ־Ҫųġ
㡣


491 ϲ

һѡı϶Щƽǫѷ¶ܰáһ²һµкˡ
İһظ̨ϣһûһµûš
תͷһʢڵʱ룬ӣȥˡ
ӣԺʱûЪ£ƻͨ
ƳԱߣһһŮӡߡ
ӶϴˣԴϻʪˮһһҵţӣ¡
ӣ콲˯˵Ĺ£ΪӦڵʱգѹ΢Ķһ¡
ʮֳһ׷˯˰幫
ӣȻϣǹңĹңС٣ϰҲһţÿʳӡ
ۣץŶӾģ
ӣ룬ŮСԴͷﲻǻ˻ʦ𣿾Ҳ˴ʿЩ˶Ǵġ
񳤳ءŶһЦˣŮˣԭˡ
Ա˯˵Ĺ£ЩδС°ͣŵƻ΢΢ĳ
Ϊ˯֮ǰͷ򵥵رһıӣɵشڼͷϣɰ
ǷŹΣʹӺ濴ȥֱеոսСŮˡ
ȵġ
ӣҲСԴʪ
һ۶߷̵Ů
Ů֪ร˼»֣̿͹ˣūżˡ
ӣڰȥԱߵĸӣԶЦЦٲɡ
ؾվˡ
ŲŲСƨɣӾȻǺӣϥϣ
׻ûһڣڨڨӣǰСϡ
ӣȸѱӲɢˣȻøĴӶͷѶԴסˣһ߲ɣһ߾صӣϴͷͷһҪɢȷø͸ʪ˯ͷѹͷϣʪɢȥͻ壬ö֮Ӱ콡
۾еʪĶĺĸס
ܹԵص˵ͷССص˵ĻҶԸġ
Ǳӣģӣû壬ͣеĶչȥʲô
ӣĶ壬΢΢һ۾ȻСĵؾͰС˹ȥ
ӣûһ飬Ȼ;ղ
ȻʹĴС
Ƕһ£
һ˲䣬ӣסˡ
꣬Ͳٿӣˣֻ̧Сֺֻ̿ߵذСӱ˹ȥ̵ﶼǴке𣺡ϲรҡ
รϲ
ŵֻСֻһ۾̧
Źһ˲Ȼ;ͷһ¡
һĸһǣ

ſںȻ˶
Ｘһתͷȥԭİ粻֪ʲôʱˡ
Ȼ΢ЦȴипӣƣղһĻˡ
վһһСҪȥİǰ벽̧־Ҫ밲Ķֱӵصˮ
öԱߣˣʱ۾һӵɵԲָϽͷȥˡ
үǰɡôＱ
ﳶһӣ͸Ͻȥˡ
ȵˮ͹İ类źϴ˸öסүôһ·߹ߵּͷϳһ㺹Ĳ
ϴˣӣҲżϵľˡ
İһһŮ˹˼仰޷Ѳ·Ŀģ⽭ϵʳòóԣ´ѲĻᣬ벻ų
§Ÿ׵Ĳӣɿɰԭر˼£С־͵ͰһȥĶǿĵģ
һ˵ţһ߾Ͱ֮ǰİѵõļΣǳȥһ顣
еϸڣİԼѹ˸⣬ʱȴһһ˵䡣
ʱ˵ʲôôġΪʲô£ʲôĸ
ġ
İţ΢Цĺ׺һ
ȵŶȥ˯ˣūҲ˳ȥ
İ߹ֽӣԼǰ˵һ·ӣչ˺ǵ顣
ͷӣĶͷסڵƻ΢֮³Ĭ˺һ
ӣϵľҲ֪ʲôϼɽˮһ㣬ĺܡ
Ѭˣֻһ㡣
үȵʲôƣѿİ罫ýġ
ӣΣЦͷİ磬˳־ա
ĺ«ˣ
İû˵ֻǾضһ
ӣ֮У̧ͷڶİĿе˼
ڸм


492 ˽

ΪԶһģڸм
İһֱôſӣȻ;Щ˼ˡ
ԴΪľö
ദԽö⺢ĵ䵥ûʲôĳ
ѵû֪ͼ--˶ֺãǲȥʳѰ
仰˵ǶһƵĺӣûǸйȥʥĸء
Լչ˲أ
Ůǳöɿ죬񳤴ֱ֮ˣ֪ʱķʲô
˽˵ֻҪлСʱЩ꣬Ůһֱôúõĳ󣬿ʲô£񶼻һ̡
˵һӡ
ӣͷţİɨԱ̳ŵһѡ
ӣ⣬İ˹ȥЦӯӯضү۹ãƣ촩һźʣ
գҪһμ˴ݵǡ
İ΢΢һüĿԱ߰ڷŵɨȥһƽʽװϡ
źɫ֯ͼɫɫﺣͼڡ߶°׶ɫջͼΪɫĳ
ɫȻǻ̵ģΪɫǳžʱڵһƬȵ¡
ɫİƣͷ͵ʹɡ
һ˵һ߻ѣӣȻһ£գͷһǣҵӣʲôǶÿġ

ҹʱ֣İӴ
Ƚʵʵ£סˣ´ȥ溰ūˮ
ƽʱҲͰˣһѲ;УĴߵģӣѾЩˣٱİôһԸĨûˡ
ӣڴϣؿİ硣
İվڴǰָոսĽǶȴЩƻĹ˽
ӣ˲һֵסˣ̫ˡ
İεعȥѵƻϨˣְӣıųصϴһ£һ㲻𣿡
ӣͶشϱĻİ籧ˣҲͷˡ
ת§סİĲӣббؿڣϴ
⻰ԾƤ˼ˡ
İ֪棬ȻŮһֱǼӣ׻⺦ߡ
Ҳû˽ֱӰԡͰԱߣŵĽ˷˽ȥ
ԡͰˮ±ĵԵãˮȴЩࡪӣһȥˮ΢΢εõ㻨꣬Ҳˮ˳Աߵϡ
ӣֱԼļԴһᣬͿԡͰԱ߼˯
һԴȥЩİֻš顱һ
һͰӣԴö˵Ŀûˤʹôôçײ
ӣ΢΢Ƥƿһ죬Цһ£Ȼһֱİ˯ˡ
İĵԽԽСˡ
ЦֱҡͷôһҲǣҲǣֻŮ
öźӶˣڰҲԻŲ
˽Ŵ΢ɫ⣬Ϳ΢΢ˮⷴ䣬ԡͰˮѾ˳
ô࣬ŻҲĴʪڵϡ
öһǰȥҪʰȴЩ棬־Ͱöĸ첲קסˡ
öôһʾ⣬Ҳͣ
ǰȥ۶̧ͷİķԸźӣϴһúòɨһۣſİһذɫ´
ӣˡ
ϴԡˣڴƽţҲ֪ǲˮϴ񡪡ӣȥĺȻ˯ˡ
ſİؿڣָ˳ı߱Ȼ
İ絹ˣ־ͰӣԴԼԺʲô
˶٣ûеȵشİսֱۣ֡
ӣԱŲŲȵİмճһ룬Ҳıֱˣವŷ硣
İȴЩϰˣһ־Ͱ˸̻Լ
ӣ§ס첲Сȥǡ
İ˵Ů˲٣΢΢̧ͷôˣ
ӣ֪ˣҡָСͣûʲôԭֻ˯ţȥ
˵꣬ȻԼӹһ
İ磺
ֲ˯ţԭǶӶˡ
ںڰгĬһ˲İЦūŽȥЩҹ
Ѳ·ϣлһ·ŵģʱɱŷ
ȻҲϺõ⡣
⹦ӣѣȥ˿
ϾѲ·ϣפϣͬ
ĸǾְ𣬺һڴߣ˶û˯硣
˯ú㡣


493 

ӣӣٹȥ
Ѿͷȫ˯úˡһֻҲ֪ô˯ģȻȵ˴ϡ
ĸذȽŸһ֣Сֲȥ
һ߲ȣһȽŻ΢΢ҲЦݡ
ӣػɣŮӦ̤Ρ
˵׼ڵξ֮УһƬݵء
ġ
϶
һϴ󡪡ȴİǱԺӵģͺSһ
ӣˡ
˻ҹҲ˹ڸճ¯Ŀ⴮пȣϸϸгһһ飬ϡ
ӣԿ޸Уǿ⴮۾˲ˡ
öȻ
İ翴ȻֱҡͷﺬŵģȫЦ⡣
ߣ
ӣĺ«Եܲ÷ôԽԽˡ
˹ȥ־ʾϽ⴮İѾǰ棬ָһ䣬Ҳõģֶ˶ۣһףϽԣ˯
ӣ־ͽ˹еĲˡ
ó԰
ȻǸʦعƷһζûУ۵ĺܣȻҲз⣬һ塣
档
ӣһ;Щܲסˣۡ
״Ͻ͵ˮӣ
ӣˮӹŷİͷβʲôû
Ϳֱˡ
ӣյһӹתţƳİ硣
İ翴سԱˣ˾ͻȥ¾ˡ

ҹҹĺǣڶϣֻûˡ
ӣ
ӳѲֵеĵطˣ־פԱߣ̻Ҳ֪ͨÿš
ȻһķɣҲֻй涨·ǿԵġ
طһɶǾĵġ
ӣŴԴڳϣһһ׹ķ
ʵİ⼸㹻ҲǿԵġ
ӣûҡ
ͷΣŰƵķΣҲ˵ò£Ͼ⻹Ѳ·ϡ
ɲĸиǡ
Ҳйɡ
İ˷۹͸ˡ
˵ˣߣЩ˾û¸ɣżš
ϲһ紵ݶ¡
ҪΪİ롣
ˣҪð

ػضѲֵıд׵ǣһŸͷϡ
ӣտʼʱ򻹾ͦȤ˾ʮġ
ڣܵÿһЩˡ
ϾѾѲһʱ䣬ӣʱҲЩ顪֪ټӿ죬˵ѾڳǼҪĴˣ˵׼Ѿǳ˳ˡ
΢΢𳵴濴ȥ
Ȼǳǽ
ϵĳܺãټҫ۵⣬ﶬľɫȻЩһ
ԵĻԽԽˡ
ͷȻ󣬷绹ͦģವĴӳӣ֣Ȼ;ǰһһЦݵ⣺
Ǻˡ
ĸһ涼ЦˣӣһС˵ģͷϸϸһ㺹顪ȻǰǰܵĲͣЪ
ժԼǰӣϸϸ˺
͹ԵĲˣСһͰԴ˽ĸײ
Ȼſٶȣٶȱֵȫһ¡
ͷ͸ֹƵġ
ӣӲ˺ŵŰ꣬ǰҪúչ˺Լŵܵã棬ʲô¶Զ˵ˣʱ
ǵͷȻںһҡͷʲô¶ͷİɣӳˣʲô¶ܿţ
ӣЦŵͷá
ֽӹԱĹ𻨱ɲ裬ӳ˳ȥͣ˵ĿСһӣʲʣúܡ
öһߣ໥ţѳʣĹƤֽ£һ𣬵ȵһѲеĳͣˣٽĹˡ
ʶֽӹ˹𻨱ɲ裬̧ͷһŵչ˵ܵжãһ·ҲúܣĶӡ
һߣͰѡܵ͡áֿ˵һЩ
СԴҲĬĬؿڵʹˡ
ûע⵽ЩԱֻųԹ𻨸⣬һ߳һ߲˺ü飬ݸ񣺡㣬壡
복ԶԶģͱõСԴк˼Ҳûš
ҡͷԵؾ˸ص磬ǰȥɣչ˶㲻Ҫôѽ


494 δ

֮󣬵ۼѲ·ߣһ·£ȥһ
Ǯ
ѲĴ󣬳ˮҲһ·ٶʵ죬ܷӰ죬ҡҰڡ
ѵõδˡ
ڴϾˣֻСֱֱͭŻứһֱ˵Ҫ½·
ӣ۵ĲУһ߸Ůűһְͭ裬ָϽȥǰĴ϶İ˵
Һʱۼפ֮Ѿܽˣȵ˴ǹΧ뻤С
ܹԵؾ˽ȥȴ˵ʲôҲˡ
ư̧Сֱ֣ᣬվԭض˶Сȡ
İŮǰŹԼϡ
ٶȷŵͦ
ָΪ߱ƣܴܱߵ磬ڸ׵Ļ￴־ʱʱ⡣
һЩ
ȵפϵĵطЪӣūȥ׼࣬İֽ˴
֮󣬴ֱûд󰭣รģ˽гɱƬףָŮƬ˫ڹء䡢Ѩϡ
ŮڴߣմĶָŮЩƬѨλϣᰴĦ
һ˵Ӷˡ
ֻ룬ཹཱུغܿͰһȫȥ
״Ҳһร򰲣˵Сγδٳ֢״
Ϊߴ泵ʱʱͣǱʿĻͷĿѣ¡
ҪĻһñ֤˯ߣÿϢáʳҲҪע⡣
ԷоɢΡ
νоɢǱƬpҩƶɡδpγͷΡ֢״
֪òһֱڴãʱʱĻС֣õš
תͷЦСֽһ
ֵһСѾָĲ࣬ร밲ˡ
ãūѾʳ˻лİ͹ļӲˡΪˣвٵζƩڸɲ⣬㶹ը⡢Ϻͽʩȵȡ
Ķһھͷ¿ˣΨը
ͳ˺ö飬ūٶϷһЩֱͣ
ֱסˡ
ӣСèˡղŻδεҪ³һֱŶģһôը֮
ըûаȤΨϲڸɲ⡪ⶼһȥˣֻڸɲһһ׷ԡ
ӣܿһ׷Թˡ
ҪҪ룿ӣСԴͷ
۾ĵ˵ͷ
ӣūС׷
ץſӣһЦžֹ˹ζôôܳԣ
ӣһߴūнӹ룬ݸһ߾͵ǳ棬һ·߶ö࣬Ҳ󣬶һ룬ûʲôϡ棡
һ˵ţһ߾ֽݸתͷ񣺡ƣҲҪԶһЩ
ͷ̲סЦˡ
ùʳһʱΪСԵаţԵѲһ·ϵĸطζСˡ
ʱү˾ƣźЪϢˡ
İѵõ˿գǹӣ׼ͺǣһССģȫȥ档
ӣݣİͿİĺ--ȫϣҲˡ
ССֱС֣ڴ˯
ӣȻû£ҲСǵĴͷ̬Ҳʱ˯ȥģ
İ߽˸ƣūǲҪţȻ߹ӣļ
ӣﻹץһ飬ôӺһģŵüһ͵ڵˡ
İһЦôų
ȥ鱾ҲһѰ伮ƽգӣǾԲġ
ɴ˿ɼȷʵˡ
İôţתڴ
ӣʱȴ˶Ժ۾̧ͷꣿ
С첲ǸһģôһѶҲˡ
С޶ۡ
İ翴ŮôЩ뿪--˯˯ɣαشȥڣ
תһ룺Ѳ·ϣϺΪʲô
ɲǱ飬ʶ
Ҫ˯ĻֱھŴ˯ˡ
Ķ˯
İôţȴⶺ񣺡˯ȥ˵أһˡ
һͰѶҡˣǳȥ棡
һ˵һ߻С֣ס׵ĸ첲·İͻȻƵģ꣬ҺͶɣ


495 ͷ

ٵʰһ£ӣźͶͳˡ
İˣѺͺͺSˡ
Ϊһ·ѲҲһЩ飬ԽƷҲСϡ
ÿú
һһȣĶ࣬ӵһѡ
Խ󣬶Խ١
İ翴ţöδЩˣЩ
ӣͣЩƷϱһףеþ--ʵ԰;һϣ͸ˡ
İһ˵һ߾΢΢Ц
ӣִūаѺ˹ֿСﶼ
Ϊδİһ··ͼƻ--źӵߣϴ
һ߶й˦˺档
һ⣬ſ˼ڣŤŤȥߺ˵ղˮȶˣ뷽㡣
Ҳ֪¶ǲһдȾԣһҲ˵뷽㡣
ӣϽͣ
ԱߵƧһЩСҲס
Ѳ;·ҲͰˣʱŮȴ﷽㡣
İǰкӣźūһ˵ǸϽͣ
ҲѾ˾¥֮أС֡
һȺ˶ǱװеģҲѡͨģֻѰ˼ңЯҴڳѡ
İЩڿˣ˵һջ¥
ӣİ磬ǻŽȥ
¥Ƽ״ϽͰƹĸ˹
ƹһ˫ͨһͰ˸뵽¥ȥˡ
İڶ¥Ȳ裬ūǸϽȥſӡ
ӣСŮǴͶԼþߣ¶ˡ
ȻѾϺõӣ϶ִܺĺƵȡ
ϾѲ;УԼûô㡣
ѲȻǮ׻˷--ܽϸʡԱΪ޽й·Ǵ󲿷ֶ񸮹Ӧ
ûôùӡ
ùӣζžͲ̯ơ
ϰҲͲΪˡ
ͺǬ¡һǬ¡үѲųһʤһΣҪݻҪɣһθһ⡣
ҲΪʡԱһ
ʹϹˣϣֺûϡ
øֱ۵--ѲĶģʱҲոǧ
Ǭ¡Ѳˡ
һ·ĿȫǵطӦֻʵڲʱŻл
ҲٵĿһ--ѹʲô£㾭һȼվûˡ
طԱҲԼ̯˰յͷϡ
˲ơ
˲ơ
ӣһôţһ߾ͶСԺźūְþ߸ȥ
ﳨ˴һƬ˽ŽϵĽһƬƬǽϵ
ͷȥңңرܿϷľ
ǱոԺ˼̻ɫ
վڴӿڣ쿴ˡ
ӣΣգǻ
ȻûʲôģһôʱܻԶԷΪߡ
ʼ߸˵￪ʼӣ׷Ҹϡ
Ϊ棬û˸ôһСֱЦŽţܵ¥˵ֱ죬ȥʱҪһ
ӣָӥ׽СһһץһϽذ˸ȥˡ
İڶ¥
ǱҪһ¥˸Ϲ⣬ȴİֹˡ
͵ôһ۶ˡ
ˣǶΧһȺһ׶ֱһƾӵģ
ԱߺȲ˶ԶԶıÿˡ
һ̧ͷӣźǹˣĸǱźվİģʱҲ¶ظı顣
ӷรˡ
үźѹܴ󰡣
İͷϵһ--վոռĵģˣһй
֪ү棬ūǸž͹ˡ
ĸ˵һĆ£ĴС飬޾ϸȫһ顣
дĻ˿ͷۣһ಻ص㣬ðһһֿ
ôʲô¶©ˡ
Ϊ飬Ҳδɡ
ǿſţİüͷ΢΢--ĸż˵ť»ǶұһֻȮ
ЩèȤһȴ֪ôģϲֻС˯˺üΡ
֪ô£Ҳ˺ӣͷǰҲʼѷˡ
ֻͷƽһЩϡϡģǿܽ--Ŭˡ
ҪҪڣѷԴǰ档
ĵطͺγһ״¶˰׻ͷƤ


496 

ѾҪǶޢ껪ŮĸȻҴ⣬˴
򿴹˱ϸϸ˴ճһһ鿴˴õĻ֮
޲ס
ۿŴôҲҲ򡪡ζûӸԴΣԼͺ˵ͷƤ޳ˡ
Ѳ⣬İҲڸڣĸһʱ䲻õӽǱ˾ҽĴơ
λҽտḻһȦϸ˼֮󣬾ʴûè
ǣť»ϵСϡ
򵱼˸˵пСϡ
Ȼͷһ飬ԭСť»Ժǵϲֺͺ԰ﲻ֪ʲôʱһֻСҰèѡ
СҰèԴСϲʮܡ
ť»ߵǣ֮ǰҲǿèһˣġ
С˭Ҳû¡
Ǵһ˵ҪϽֻСèץһơ
ȻСҰèè޺
һԴʱȷôˡ
è޺һè϶෢Ƥһ㷢λûԲλԲεĵѢߣ渲лɫм
è޺֮èëɫôֲڣѢֵ߲ıëһһ䡢۶ϡ
ҰƤľޱȡ
èŻҵƷ
Ҳ˵֮ǰūǿģè޼ĳСèС档
пƤĵط͡
ΪĶӿƤм䣬ٴСҲմȾèƤм
ϲС챧棬ȻͱȾè޺
è޺ҲеĳϣеĳͷƤϡͷϵľͽͷ޺ѷѾ֢״ˡ
Ƿֵļʱ֢ҩôչȥпܻŧ޺
ʱŧˮҹʹ޷˯
ǲŽһء

İſˣüĵť»ϡûͷûԵĴ汧ʲôȮ
ϲСǡ
Ѫͳë˳áǵİ翪ʱ򣬴ӹġ
ִ汧Сµľϴ˴Ⱦ
ת룬ť»ϿʼҲû˵ֻǷԼ͵͵š
źǱˣ˱ȥ顣
㲻ĸҲûչ˺úأ
ӣС߹ȥſڸ׼ϣصʲôҲһ
ӣŮİ絹ǲ⣬־Ͱֽ̯ƽˣ˳ĨĨŵЩӦȫˡ
ſУЩ˯ˡ
úԱֱ硣
ܵܰװֵŶÿɰŶ
һ
ĸн˺ͣһӾͻˣƴֻСָ첲ѽѽĳӣƱƱ
ְѺְĺף۵С
һӾͲˡ
һ˫۾źʵû̵סǰȥС֡
һһ߻ͷӣ˼ѯͬ⡣
ӣΪͺദʱ䲻࣬⺢ƿ϶Ҫޡ
û뵽ǣȻ죬ŶЦˣҪȥε޼һֻɫ޵黨
Ȼһתͷ͸磬ʱЦһĪӡı顣
ӣؾͷ˹ɣֻŮЦֵЦ
⡭

һźС֣һ߾תͷʺ͹⡣
е⣬Ҳϣȴ˽ܵܵģǰˡ
SԱߣ˵ĴڸоԵ΢Ķˡ
ʹǶͺǶŪʱ򣬺SҲֻĵ̧ۣһСܵܡ
УпĽҲֵܽѰķΧеġ
վĬĬˡ
СƮӷ̧ۣ΢΢źS磬Сǡ
¥ϴһŲһǰһĸһƣ̣ЦݵͲ
ǵصɫζ㡣
ΪǷ㣬ҶӶһ·ϣͶѾ˺öʳ
Ҳ
Ǹ˭Ҳû
İڽݸʢ·װһתͷ伸ӶһߣǶԺSɫĵš
S;нˡ
һ˲ͷҲܹˡ
һдʯһӰľ͸¡
һߣںSš
ϵ⡪õǾ׾ĥ׷ۣĶ㡢ɰʡơޢǣŵ̿Ϻ決
ĿڸлƶӲᣬϿɴ
Ȿһ㣬ֻҪ棬ߵĶУҲ¥ȴ˸ֲͬĻ͡
¥꣬ɫȴģ绨һᣬεδش֮ϡ
һӺΧţһССĲյһ߸߸˾ʶ񣺡㣬ϵļֲ裬ϲ֣
ЦЦǺڸʱȫһЦݡ
ĵָԼǰⱭ
䷳İΧֵܽöһ顣
İӣһߺȲ裬һЦŶһۣź˵͵øУ龰ʵܰ
ʵSʱ򣬺SȻһ¾վ
нؿİ磬Դֺζϲʲôӱϲʲô


497 δ

һ˴Ӳ¥İŶŮйһ
Ǹп۵Ķ߰һѣūȥ
ĶûôΨϲࡪһСС˵ǻȥҪ廨ڻ
һ硪ߴر󣬷Žһڵߵִ
ӣֱŮ鱦ĸ粻ÿ𣿡
Сֵ߾͸͡˵˻ȥڵġ
Ҫö໨
е˼
ūǿģò׸СӰˡ
̫࣬ЩŲ£ǾͰһЩǰ̤ŵĵط
·ȥէһͷΪء
ʢţ͹ӣİ硪˵Ҫɴȱϣһ⳵רŸȫ͵йȥ
ӣ˵ˡѾװϳˣ˵ѵúϲϽȥɡ
ٿͣҲһСľеСľͷеСľͷСľͷ
΢ͣĵʹãֻܰŹ͡
ͦϲȻȻȥȿʹͻҪҸ
ӣŶͷĵ⻹ãһľһ
S˲ķƷ˼䶼ǵ̺ͻɫġ
ϣͷһֱĬĬš
ӣΪֻСŮ˭ܲϲ
ϣһ߰ĶмʱӣȻһ£ʶƺѾรиֵġ

ѲѾȥ˲졣
һ·ͣƵƵӼĽ壬ÿһѲӺӹ
һ·˲ٽ︳;ˡѧ
ӣİߣһվ˵ϴ˵ؾȻһλһʮˣΡΡعӼݣٸ˸͵ǰ档
˼ιз̣˲ܻôʱ䣬֤ɽ壬ʢ̫ƽôƨô
֮£ʹˡܡҶˣִͣΪصһ׮̸
ӣʱ;ˣǰɣһʮꣿ
⡭
ⲻϳ
İ翴ӣĿɿڴӣ;÷ɰںȲģҲЦòǺˡ
һĺף͵׻ǳˡ
⣬ʲô¶С
˴Ѳյ㽭һûȥ±ϣ۷˾ǡ
ϾҪˡ
һվйŶָūʰң֪ѾǵҪ̤ϻ;ˡ
Щδסӣܲס졣
ӣŮСԴͣһ˳귨ѲģȵŰꡣǻ棬ԺǸ档
ֻùԹԵص˵ͷ
Ϊ˰οǱȰ˵һѾôˣҲ㹻۾ˡ
ȥúùҲ
˵ˣҲкܶ࿪ĵ°
˵ĿˣָͷĹһ𣬸ϵ˵ʱҪһ̻
˭гŵ˭С
ӣԱߣСŮڴϻ˵ţʵܿġδΪꡣ
Ϊͯ꣬Żкܶ࿪ѽ

ȥ·ϣнٶԱʱˡ
ӣһֿپξ򿨵Ĵ

ıո
⼸죬ĸûɹ𴲱ָūתȴԺɨʼȻǰԺ鷿СǵĶ֮
һҲû©
İѾڼ˵ˣѾˣһ·ֻߣôɽˮҲͲˡ
ǱҪй
ĸôָһ㡪ۿİܻԽԽˡ
˼ˡ
İΡʼķ
ޡ
ǰǵ֣ʼҪͷͷŰŵķһġ
ȡ
ĵ׵ǸˣҲһͷ

ΪѾԽϲŮų
վǰ̨ͷܡ
Ȼ;ǶŵĹƻʺÿūȥ
ҧס촽
ĶžµԼͷ䶼˵йͷ
õ塪ôԵ޹ͺһ¶׻ͷƤɲ͸йͷһ𣿣
񣬸ҩˡ
һСŮҩ
Դӵⲡ֮ƢԽˡ
Ҳǣ򶼲ҴƱ˵һκá
ⲡҪĶ񼲣һ޵Ů˵ȴҪ¡
ûжСŮֻõ˵һ顣
ǸʵӣҲΪˣϲŰ˴ߡ
񣬸ҩѾΪ֮䣬ϵһ׮ºͿˡ
˭ҲͲ
ǣʵ˾ͱ˳


498 

СŮлȻܺ£ȴòӲͷƤǰֺʹŮأҩ͹ȥҲС
ӡžһ¾ױ̨ϣбۿŻЩ
ͽţôһǳ⣬ŵüֱ붼˲סˡ
ֻ֣ҩһţֻǲūŷҩɣ
û˵ʲôصʲôѵһܽ˲ɣ
ʵһŵ֪ôˣֻϥһ͵ūŲ˼ˡ
ĨӵĩˣԴϣܿקһͷ
һںںڵ䷢ԽͷһĴתƣؿ޷й
ֿţתͷɵؾͶԴŮ⺢ӵܵίˡ
ŮҲ˵ʲôĵūŵģĶܲίأ
ûȥź˵׼̧ء
ίûмֵġ
нġίмֵ
ƩеС̫ࡪԺţۻɵĴֻ񶼿
õǮٵģԵҲģ۸Ķܴʲô¶ȵ컹ѣүү̿ɫ
ࣿ
Ȼ࣡
౾ûġ
ܱӿ϶塣
ߣΪԼ࣬塣
ȻȻѾѡ븮ūţ뱲Ӷ̸ʲôΪԼˡ


طй˺ü䣬ʵֻһ˫޹۾ɪɪĹԭء
̧̧֣˸ơ˼ûԼԣŰҩͿͺ˵ͷƤϡ
ϽƵˢմһЩҩ࣬ϸϸĨڴͷƤϡ
ѾˣŪ˴
һ־ͽ˴һקڵء
ˤʱԴײӷ֡ӾǻľƳɣʵؼӲһˤȥֻ۵ᶼˡ
ֽŲõͷˡˡ
ȵһҩͿ꣬ȥʱ־Ϳͷ˺üϡ

Уۼڻص˾ǡ
ǰһһվйפϣİԻʱȷİգдһ߸
ȥ˴ŷŴŷҪӭӻһϴȫá
ŵصǿ˼ˡ˵İϲõġ
ŷܹܹڵϣһߵͷĸԸһͷ˲Сת̣һ˫ӹתүϲõģ
ȷ
˵ǰ鷿λСϲЩʲôǻеա
үϲġรԺðɣ
Ȼˣô룬ŷܹһٸӣҲڲรһ䡣
ȻشӦˡ
ȵĸˣŷܹһſΪ׵Ĵںϣûü
˫۾
Ȼô
ܹһ˦ӾɤӵԸȥ
԰磬Ҳֻǲɫ廨ŵİϺÿ
ͼϲֺǰˡ
үδԸԺء
˵ˣȥԺҲǴҴҶ˼ӣζȻˡ

ŷܹܹƵһҲûдڶ죬İһҲֻԵȥԺһ˼յ衣
ǰѴг˲顣
ŮģİҲһĸżҲû˵ˣ֪ԭѾôء
ۿͺ˵ͷƤѾǴݲȥָܹϣͺãˡ
ҷΧҲҪöࡪͺͷķΧôչȥķͿϺͺͺSˡ
Ļʲôˣ
ֱ֡
İ˵ڶϽȥ̫ҽˡ
ڸǰһɵĲ˵ģкˮҪֻǴſǻһ˵Զ۳Ͷ٣ϢĺãŮðΪŮģء
һСģ
ĸԱֱۣʲôϢ
˼ѵҪİϻǰ鷿ȥ
òײŵȵүһˣ
һʱڣҲû̫ţѸһ飬ְҲб䶯
ǵҪúñء
ĸʵûס裬סڴľͿһ¡
ҲʶԼ⻰˵õ·ˣϽͱˡ
İվŴӡԼŮһʹȥһͷƤ֮
ĸԱߣ;һֵסİ֣үʹã˵ˣⲡҪȾ˵ģ
ֵʱﻹ߬һ˿þ˴ͷƤϡ
·һĸ˵һ֮İûע⵽ĵطָָֻӣһӸ˻ܡ


499 Ǯ

һӣ͹밲ˡ
һ·ϣӣţһ֮ǰͬѲ̣ĸһҲû룬Ҷ񶼱ˡ
չš
֪һǱ߻ʲôأ
ǵԺſڣԶԶİߵˣӣͷˡİҲڡ
иˡ
źǽȥ밲ʾŮȥӣ
ӣվҲ֪İԱ߿Ϊǰûİ̫
ΪİڳԵʣĸӣǿ˵仰һһ
ӣţڸ׵λˡ
ǶȿȥȫֻܿİĲˣ˵̸һ
ӣŲյĸİ˵˵ǶͻСҲóţ绹ٷԺ꣬˵һҪչӣ⿴˲ǳʲôأϣԺǶá
ţʵӶǧ˵Լһ㶼
͸ܵǲͬŮӼҵȵʹˣԽԳˡ
İһ¾ĸ˻ȥֻ˵˴ѲĿ½ϣֲʲôɽ롢֮
һ·ӳͣŷ磬ܲ꣬ûʲôϵ
һ˵ţһŮǾ͹ˡ
ĸֻýսڴˡ
ͷеĹӣɬԼֻү񻹻
ôȥҪһأ
ߵʱӣİ͸밲֮һתʶؾ͸վˡ
۾ӣһ˫СȭͷҲŵ߬ˣãȻ֪롪ȻֻӣڣаȫС
İԱţ赭дؾ˵ԼҪͬ˵ﳳ£ӣȰѶȥһ·ϵսƷҲܶ࣬ССһôӳϰҪûһʱ䡣
ȴӣԺԳԺȺȣչţȵŪ׵ˣٻصԺ١

Ժţӣû߼Ȼ;һȡ
ǸߵģʱС֣ץס֡
һཱུСӣŲĵĸĲ
صԺ
صūŶӺˣӻȿֺĿͷȥӭร
ӣ̧ͷͿԺҲѾɨһ£ԺϢ԰Ͷ׼ˡ
ؼˣСеһԺӣ͸˵һͷ˻֡
Сһӣ¡
ˣһ㶣͵վҡҡβͣʶľҪ漴ͣס˽Ų
СͷȥͣĶײӣĸ
Ŷ
ô԰˶
С⽱Ͼˣ˺СΪʲôȻȫˢˢˡ
ΪԼһαˣѹβͣſڽü죬Сͷצԡ
ūţ˺һӲźá
ȥֽŲõϣСë׵͵С⽣ҺͶ
ӣŮӱС⽵ȥ棬˵ԶĲˡ
ʰҵȻöһǰһѹȥţӣȽŷһȦ
ʿѾС̫ǣŷȫʰʵĲʰã汸ãһ׼ȫ
ҲЩʳˡ
ĿӹһƷʳģӣûʲôرĲʽոһתС̫ǰһʼᡣ
ӣȻһ벻ζǮˡּֿθ̫ռӣҲӰ캢Ǻš
ʵСʳر
ôţʿʼԼˡ
˼ͷСһµļˮһյ蹦Ȼ̳ˮһá
ȵ֮󣬰ȥǣùˮĵѼгƬ滹Ҫۡ
Ա֮¹ըʱõ䡣
ʿǱߣѾźͣȡ¶ȱ͸ߣ磬ѹòôȣӣֱӾͽƬƽȥ
ȵһը֮ٷһ棬߶ˣŰѼ̳
ըõĽǮ߿ȥƳγεģѾ˺ʳˡ
Ĳ͸ˡֻҪƬС㣬ӳõļƬһ𷭳С
Ǯ֮裬һ˳ȥϣżζʱ˹
ʱﻹסС֡
ɵѾڿˮʱе̣ӣǶŮӲҪȥߣ̧ͷԸūԺҪ¶ȫ͸Էˡ


500 һ

ӳһڣ򵥵ĽǮ޲ڡ
Ƕ񡪡Ѳһ·ϣʳδغθڣʱͷſСͻġ
ҲС״С΢ţֱӶȷ硣
Ͼ̫ԱŵãԼƬǮһ衣
̡
ϵʱİˡ
ӣΪҪѶߣ˽ȥ񣬽İһ֣ʾҪż
ֱӾӹūǵĲˮ˼ڣӣԼǰ
ĴֹС֣Լ󣬾Ϳӣ˵顣
İ룺ΪٰѶȥԵúԺĺһ㡣
ôҲ룿һѾӵܳรαػҪȥԺһӣ
İžӣֱ
ģʱ涯Ҳˡ
꣬ʶȥģʱԴ
ŲСӣصӣ
İ翴У΢΢˶֪Σôµʱ䴦ӣѾжĸװˡ
İǰĴ˵һ£ԭͷ̫ͻȻϴ˵ⲡ״Ⱦ
˿ܻһЩСӵֿ͸˵׼ʲôʱˡ
ҴͶ񣬽Ҳһġ
İţʱ䣬Ϊ˱è޺ȾԴϣѶֱӰӣ
ȵǱߣתٰ߳ýӻ
˵꣬ͿԭضվסˣһֻС͵͵קӣӣĵ춼ϲ£
Ҳøˣԭرıİ磺꣬棿Ҳ𣿡
İ۰СŮĴﵽԼߣһȸЦݣ־СԴ껹ƭ𣿡
ʱͻȻˣܹİлˡһͷȥһ
Ͻ͹ȥŶĶͷ㣬ôʲôɵɵ
ӣҲˣȵлű̬˵һչ˺ö
ţůյ̫ȣӣֻϷ˺ǽȥѡ
İ˽ȥһֱźӣһ߾еĲɵĶԱߴӣȻԼ¡
İ֪ʲôɵʧЦȥָϣҪһ˳ȥ㲻ǽӶúܺô
˶٣ϲ㡪׶ˡֻҪϲ㣬˵ʲôȥ
һ˵һӣ֣ϸĽ
˼رģ󲿷Сʱ򶼻̲סƤġ
Ȼ޾ľôйأ
кӣƤֱ
Ҳͺ⸸ĸнǣżʱ
ʱƢˣĸȻ֪Ӳã̲סԺӶ֡
Ҳ𼸾䡣
ǸĸǶһ£ӲԶꡣ
᳤󣬻ᾭഺڡԼĶ˸Գһͳ˼άϵ
ὥ
ͺֻú¸ĸ
ǡ¡ͻĸġ
νġҲֻһֱЭѡԱѹһ֣ӭϴ˵Ŀ佱
ڴһѹƵ״̬£Ƿǳϵġ
úӦúϲˡ
ֻһϲˣ𾴡Ͽɵʱ򣬴˵Ļ塣
ʱ˶Ҫٶ˵ʲôֻҪĬĬظˡ
Լͻں濴۾ѧ
ΪСʲôʵͨ͸ϣԶԶѾľĴˡ
үôһϲӣ˵ɵˡ
ֱ޲һԼĴȡһִǰ˵Щһ㲻Υ͡
İ
˵˵ţӣһİˡ
İҲϰԵһ첲ͰԼˡ
ͷӣϵ㣬溢Ǵ˵ŵƻžᱬ
ŵҲѬ㡣

ĸ˶ҲסҪܿȾϢȻЩʹ죬Ҳ޿κΡ
ү˼ùȻ˵ʲôˡ
˭ôⲡôɣ
˼׶Щ˼Ž׹֮ôϲСǿÿΰʱ򣬶񽥽ѧɣҲ˸ײٳ衣
ǴΣУ뵽ȥһС
Ժ˶֪үϲˣƯѣӵľ³̶ҲҪ
ǴôɰСصڸǰƣ͸עˡ
ңŮһ𶺶
˵һСоͻΪŮӵŦ
ĪЦ˵ǰʱ򣬺裬㻹ľùƵ


501 Ϸ

ڶ磬ĴСȫᵽӣԺˡ
źŮҲŹˡ
ҿӣԺӵط󣬱ٶһҲ޷
񶼿˷ˣصס־ֱתȦһתȦһߴ󺰣Ժÿ춼Ŷ㣡
Ҳȫ¶֮ǰõıԣתȦٶȱ񻹿졣
ŮӸƵģЦһһһ߻һֱЦķᣬö㲻ٶЦˡ
ĸǸСӺתֻţһСģλСһͷˤ¡
Ƕû£ǡһȽЩ˰ڵ̺ϡ
ȻһһһƬ
ӣôתȦȥˤˤĶѷóˡ
һͱתעŶָϣľͱ˻
ֵݸ񣺡ű䡣
񲻻ööϣʾ
ָϸɡӯݣһ˫ֱۣ¡
˶˽һߣѧᡣ
Ϸǲ滹ãһԽʰŮһֱķ㣬ǶŸָĻ
ʤ˼µ֮ͣǰѹ֪ġ
˰úˣӣȥŮӣſϲø黨һ
ϸϸ֮ܵУ˼ڤѰƽ֮
ӣ߹ȥСָһһʱͽΧˡ
ŮӶһ̧ͷ
ӣһһѺʲô㣬ʲô£ҪȳԷ극治١
Сֱӣһ߳ӣһߵͷ˶񣬾ͿɵһֻС
ūǻԺŷһصĴССӣһָӣڵȥ
ϣѾųʽ⣬һԧ
΢΢Ŀζһ߲˺Ƭرθ
Ȼ׷
ǳԵĶˣ緹ӱ˵ģʱ򶼷ˡ
Ǹظݣֿ˯
ӣ¶ոչЩϰߣǴһ𣬰Ѷͻӡ
ոսݣͿԼһ·ȫ߸ߵ͵͵ķð֮У¡
Ķܺãûеˡ
ļҲܾһ۾Ϳó沼ùġ
ֻһָۣмӣһۣȻ͵ͷӯˡ
ӣūǼغúÿŶǹⱹ񣬶Ȼ
һūȫͷӦֻ˵รġ
ŮǷ̶£ӣǣŮ֣
һ£СֱŤ
־Ĵ壬ֻС첲ǰӣڴһ˯ɣ
ӣȥŮСӣ㶼ѽ
С죬ֻС־ͱסĸ׵֣ܶ꣬ҶǶİСѽ
ӣ⻰һ漴ˡ
ְסͣ˵ԴΪ⺢ͦ
Ϊ˱øŮĸ
ţ˾ͽĻ˴رߣֻСȵǧһžµС̧ͷŶǳصôСѽ

ʱ򣬸Ժ̫ҽˡ
רſĲ顣
ݿͷƤ̫ҽ䲻һü
̫ҽǣҽͽʱ򣬸ʦʲô֢û
񿴼̫ҽü˰ء
Ȼ̫ҽ˵Ļ֮ǰҽĴû̫Ҳֻ˵˲缲ҩһʱѹȥУҪȴѡ
˵˵ȥһ˼ͺͷֻҪˡ
ʵھֿҪȥץͷƤ
ԱߵūǸϽס֣׻һһֱŵıָףʱѽͷƤϵŧץ˿
ѪŧҺʱ˳
ĵöˡ
̫ҽҽͷ˿ȫȥͷǷΪˮȻ䲻شð仰
һҪϷ˵һ졣
ʱŭˣһӷ֣üŴǳ˵
ҧʯ֮䣬̧۷ɿɨ˸һۡ
ôһ˲䣬ֱΪԼˡǰСһ˲ݾ
һɱϵķ


502 Э

ů軹յȺģȴһ˲ˡ
⡭ɱͷİǣ
̫ҽڴϸ֮󣬾ͻصǰ鷿ȥػ
İǰ˵ⲡǴ󲡣Ǽֵĺܡ
׺á
İողſͳȥ˳ŮĲ飬üͷţֻ̫ҽǲһ㷨ҲûУ
ⲡκãÿΡ
ϾŮ䲻ˣôȥǵ˻޵ķͣǱ㲻ˡ
̫ҽϾҲоģڵϳ˰Σһֹģ
İ翴ˣߴϽ˵
̫ҽ˸ͷ˵һӣҲղ׼вС
ⷨӣвͨҲûʲôүʵżĻһԡ
ť»Ǳߡֻ׵СѾӳ˸ȥԺҰèҲѾūɨĸɸɾ
̫ҽ˼ǣť»ϼȻСԭֺСһôãȴûбϵè޺Ⱦɼжè޺ߵġ
ҪôԺĻƩĳЩֲﻨݡ
ť»ϵʳĳܿè޺
ԣڿôȥť»ϳסͬһ£ճ
ⷨ˵ʵе֮ǰﺢΪ˱ⶻǡֶ˼
ֶ컨ߴڴ޻պ֮뱻ߵıǿɴ𱻽߸Ⱦ
Ȭγ߿塣
İһһⷨȻǣǿȷʵ̫ҽԣ㲻ɹҲûʲô
ôȥūҲźźⷨӲãʱٽӻԺˡ
ҲúӺҩ
İôţͬˡ

Ժһ˵үҪѴߣȻЩ⧲ȴҲһ
˵ëܴȾ˵ģ񶼱ߵԺȥȻǳˣֿǿһЩҲ°
̫ҽ˵ⲡһȾϣΣοϱͲó谮ɫҲƽټͺͷһ
Ƕİ͸ûʲôˡ
ôţԱߵŮǿӵ˼ҲһζĴֻ˵ү۸ء
ǵոܲܰԺɣ
Բôߣ⴫Ⱦ
һһ߾ţť»Դ븮ٰչˣολݵ΢ҲֻǸ
ǱߣҲܴڡӡɡ
ĸĵؾ˸ȥʰˡ
ϵǣȴʮֿƷ
ǶŲģһ˹˵Ҫ͵ť»ʱվˡ
ŮǸϽǰȰš
ȫ¡վ֮УɨһȦūǣؾ͵
ʰһ£÷òסԼ¶ͷƤ̧žͳš
ǰԺ鷿ȥˡ

İ绹ûظ񲻸иӲվǰԺ̨Եš
һֱȵöʱ򣬴ŰѰ˻
꣬նϰŮТףŮ˷һȥжൣǵնֻʳѰһӣݴ͹˸ǰ
İûüѣһڣǰְԼĳŮ
Ȼݣȴ˳ʱͷѾͳŮû̫Ĳˡ
úӣҪģնչ˵úԼ˵ˣҲֻȥһӡİŬԼǰĳŮ
£Ҳͬնģն˵˷㲡֢ҲʮͬİŮӣ
ɵĲ˵Ľë΢΢ţס˳
ˡȻͷϵͺȾԼ
޲߲źء
΢΢߬˴Сȭͷ
Ҫȥ
˺ЩŴӸǴԺ߳
һֱߵԺ
Ҫȥ
˵ˣȻڱȥรԺϾΪ˶ĴȾ
ȥť»˵׼ܿͻᱻӻԺ
ʱ򣬶ΪǰΨһС
˵׼ȵٻʱ򣬸Ѿûλˡ
ꡭ̧ͷŬΪԼȡ䣬İȴѾָļ򣬳
СԺʢ
İſͣС
껹кܶҪ
ǰ꣬Ǳү
ҪѿڶĻ˺
ĬĬؿͷȥŮӰ˼
ΣķĴۿŻǱˣڸףҪٶˡ
꣬͡¡һֱĸ׿Ժȥĳ롣
Ҳĳ롣


503 

ť»˵ҪȻ˸ˣֱϲʤ
Ϣ֮ȻڸǰŬϵ飬ü۽Ƕڲסϲ⡣
ǵѡ֮ǰ˻˴ǮҸ˸˵õúܡ
ť»ͷļ¶Ѿĥһɶ
ЩսȥȴɱİһߵǣɣǣǲǾԼδˣ
ôһʱ䣬ť»ϼѾЩֹˮȥһİۡ
ǣҪ飬ť»ѾپģȻ
Ǵ񡪡ŵİѪŮ
İӦǺŮġ
ҲὫڸԺ뺡
̧
ԣֻҪһסİһΪŮĲ飬ʱʱť»һ
ȵǸʱ򣬿ɲиĻİǰչʾԼ

ӣҲϢ
˯ոһһŶｲ£ĽȻŲյȴĲɡ
Ѳյ֮ͲϵӣƮ
ӣˣùҲѾ˽βٽ꣬ĺǵıģȻԼȥ棬ֻ˵ԼЩˣ˵£˯һ˯
СȣӴˡ
õС֣ҪȥˣȻͲĵĻͷӣ
Ȼ˹һ˫ɾǹģվӣǰûĶ
ӣͦжСԴúǷĻȥˡ
ȵǶˣŹһ߸ӣȣһ߾Ͱ̽Ϣ˵һ顣
˵̫ҽһβ֪ʲô⡪Ȼү˵ǰѴ͵ť»
˵Ϊť»ǹˣȴûеè޺˵ֿܵè޺
סһܽá
Խ˵ԽߣӣֱʾСһЩŰɤԸѹ
üͷӣӣū룺̫ҽ᲻ǡ
һ˵һ߾˸ƣָָԺķ򡪡˼ǻ̫ҽ˸ָʾԲŻôסť»ȥ
˵βʵǰť»衣
Ʃİȥ񣬿ſţʱˣЪҲ˳ˮ۵¡
öҲ͸ˣ¶ٴС
Ůһһҵڴǰŵӣ
ӣǰпڴͷģʱָö
Ůͽˡ
ߵǰӣֳ롣
û̫˼ţť»пܶİ
ţѾΪԼСӡ
ť»ϵľ飬ᰴʷչ
ȻӣʶĴ˸
ʷϣť»ӺǱۡĺܳһʱڶİ谮ĬĬţֱʱİӺһزԺΪ´Ⱦ˸ҽǰչˡ
ť»²ҹغ򣬾չİ硣
İĲŽȬ
ҲΪ飬İȻòƽť»ʼղ̫Ů֮飬ȴж֮⡣
Ͼûť»ϵϸչˣİ粢ͦһ벡ħĿ
ɴˣť»ϲǳӺǱۡԺվ˽Ÿ
ӣ΢΢սָҲˡ
ţŤ«ı󣬻᲻һһؾ飿
Ʃ硭ү󲡡
ôţȵİʱӣƽﻹҪ
һ˵Сˡ
ԼİŮˡȻʲôģУǻϲ
ҹʱİūˮ˶ϴ֮İˣڴϣְڻ
ӣ§ûҪֽ§š
ůյȺġİ类ôϣֻȡ
Цãӣֳ
û
İԼزһ˿Ծ
ͷӣţĽë£һžСϣ¹͸Ժҡڵ֦ͶϣӰ಻ϡ
Ȼۣǽë΢΢ȶţܿ˼ûȫ˯ţһ͵͵þ
þ
ôˣİͷգ͵͵ʻˣȴЩЦ
ûѻ˵
Ŵȥť»Ϊβ
⣬ֻô˵˳˴˵
ӣû˵̧˯ѵСһؿͬʱָؾͲסİָ
΢΢ԴԼСС°;İϲ˲䡣


504 һ˲

İ粻֪ӣ飬ΪӣǳԴˡ
ɵӡ
ʱͿҲͿôһĶûأ
İ΢΢ҡͷȻεؾ֣һһŻ˵ĺġ
ӣ§סĲӡ
һ̧֣ӾʹӼϻ
İ縩ȥѻı¸ϣԼͷקקҪơ
´ȴӣָסˡ
Ҳ˵ʲôֻ죬޹ίؿİ硣
İֱҲһȻַǰķ˿ǲ֢ҪεģⲡȾˡϾŮǶһ
˼ǴǲץѲκã˵ᴫȾá
Ǿˡ
Ĵǣɤ᣺ֻΪβ
İ˶٣ˣһ˿Ц˼ǡС֮ģȾ֮
ӣСصҲŲСˣ
İû˵ͷȻֱؿ
ﶼǲεԡ
ӣҲɵӣʶΣա
͵͵קסӽǣһһĽ»ͼȫԼؽ
أ
İֱ׽סһһϣЦЦȲСˣүҲؾˡ

Ժڶ˸磬ƽȥǱ밲ʱ仹Ҫ硣
ûŮ˸ԺۼˣҪߣȴ˶ŵؾƵ˺档
ձҪˣնﵱ滹һ
ϾǸ뺣ּĸµŮ
Ŷ˴µλãһֱ
¶ʵҲûɹǶŵնǵһΡ
þͺʱδʱ磬ԺɨūҲûһ
͵͵Ķ
˺һһ񡣾ڴΪ˯֮У׼תȥʱ򣬺ȻܵԸһЩ˼ܣµˮ©Ѿʰˣūһʹȥģ
һӾ˶ˡ
ԭնѾˣ˵׼ղǻױأԲĬĬԡ
ãһ̾Ϣ
̾ϢѾϤ
Ǹ
նΪʲô̾ϢأΪ᲻
ôһ˲䣬кȻһ˲
Ȼûѹ̫ҽ˵ⲡȾˣ֮㽫ƽ밲ҲȥõĲߡյһɶӵһ
˶٣ֶŻܲôЩ
ܵūףġԺֽŲϸ鼸յСѾͷҲеģͷźȥҲԵøһƬġ
ĬվԭذΣ΢΢̧֣ݺݲȥ۽ǵһ⡣
˵ŻźȻ˼㯣ǸԾģﲻȱһ뷹ԭҲҲͲнյĹˡ⺢ŲǸȵġ
ᵽĸȥ
תԼӷȥ
˵ûȷʵѾȫʰˡ
һ԰֮ﾡʰˣΪûдһаȫеġҡ
΢ԺĻҶϻžӨ¶飬˸߲ʹâ
оָؽϵһ˿⡣
ͷĬĬĿԼָؽڡиղȥһ顣
һΪ飬飬顣
ҲҪΪһ˲һᡣ
ҲҪ
߬ȭͷ̧°ͣһᶨȥ
һ룬Ȼͣ˽ŲͷŸݣ˼

･峿ɨŮǽŲӯؽš
Ѿƽһ㣬µڵȺ밲λϡ
ŮǸϽȥϵġ
Цݣæ漴ָ̧֣Ĵͷϲ֢֮
ʹ
ҧ촽һ΢΢ţһš
ȵָױմȾ˵ѪŧҺվע⣬Ų˸Աߡ
ͷǸ°õġ
ļǵãÿ밲˵ʱ򣬸ϲ΢΢ͷһ߱Ŀһ߾ͽԴ⿿档
˹ȥָ΢΢ۿžҪͷϣȴһ󶯾
ŵͷ͵һ£ͽ˻
˷ţ˳
Ŀԡ
ŴվԼԣ죬ɵҲ΢΢һ
û̫࣬ŽѾǴҪߵˣãǳŴһЦɡ


505 

֮󣬴һĻͨͨ
ֻĶǺ
ʱѹ޲̧Լ⡣
侲ôƫƫղž˼أ
ѾǸϵŮˣڲԺǡ
οһֱԺʵҲ˼ˡ
͵նһϵƣһپ٣һ
ǵնﱻȾ˴֢վ٣׵ʧȥ˰Ĺעôʲôָ
Ҫ֪รѾȥ
ټรѾӡ
ֻĸˡ
ˣıϲ񣬶ԼһһǴϵļֵۡ
֪±ȾֻǼ˵˼䣬ͷˣŮ˼ննﱣ壬Ůջ̷ն
ЦúܴȰֻܷȥ

ʱ򣬴͵ť»Ժ
ť»֪һմūǳȥ˺üΡ
ʱ򿴼ϴŹЦݣæӭȥ
׻ݵ΢ť»ڴǰȻԳ֣ǲؾ¶ĵ˼
ֻǸ񣬲Լ˵
ǴӽԺӿʼҲֻǶŻ˵ôť»ϡ
ť»ϵԤϵⷬ⾰Ρ
Ǻť»סһԺģʱŴˣæҲŰͽᡣ
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ȻľҪ˼
ť»Ȼ⣬ɫüۡ

һת߰ȥˣİȴʼûһˡ
˹ŮĲ顣
һһ˴Ӳ
ť»Ͽͷ컹ÿ쾫Ĵ磬еļѣҲóƵĻͣ
˭֪˿ա
ԺʱɫҲˡ
Ǳ͵͵һ˵รר֮衣
Ҳ֪ʲôӲذеѹסˡ
ааţ
ť»ϱҲ֪ۡ
֪ڿЦԼֺγЦ
ǿˣʮЦٲʲô壿
ţźȻͱƿˡ
ť»⧲һ̧ͷͿվǴߵĴŮ滹˸СѾͷ
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ȻһС궼飬żЦʱ򣬱һķ顣
⻹Сأȵˣû׼ǸѾͷɫ
һֻľʵ̣Ůһ־ʹѶˡ
ԭǼһŻ
ť»һ幤ǳڡ
ĵһע⵽ˡť»ϣŵĶǻûɵƷ
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ʵϾǰ߿ʱٻԼϲĻ
ť»ϸϽţѳЦݣӦˡ
ť»֮󣬴ŮۿѾ˵ſڣȻʲôƵģЦӯӯؾť»ϡҪ죬Ԫǰá
Ҫء

ȵ֮ʩԱˣȴҲҶ۴ʲôֻǵͷԲ
ť»֪Լ̾һ̧ͷʩ⻨ŸӣʵȴڸʱѾĻ幤Ҳʲô¡
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ǵոť»ʮ׺չмء
ǾͰť»ϵˣ
˵ţŵūѾˣʳгģһһϣӡ
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еʱ򣬸ڣŷǶæǱҲûˡ
ڣΪˣŷĺ÷òˮһᡣ
ŵĸ㣬Ͷ߰
ť»ӣʩԱ߸һֱ׷ϼвˡ
ť»Ϻһڼ
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ͬסͬ˯һŴƵġ
Ȼǲˡ
ǡͬԡǿеġ
ǣһť»ϵıģѹͲԸť»ͬһš
ť»ϿЦһüתͷԱߵ˿ȻͺԼ⵽Ǽ˸ء
˸ڻ


506 Σ

ۿʱһţİȴʼûӰ
ť»ЩǼӱֺŴ
ƫƫԽԽӲ¶ˡ
ť»òСѾ˵˲٣֪ĸϴǰҲǸ
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ť»֪ԼİǱ㽫עȫ˴ϣֻŴ˵ãİǰһ졣
ť»չ˴ˡ
֪˼Ҳ֪һֱ̧ť»ϡ
ҵ涼һġȻƲť»ϣȴҲذʯͷԼĽš
İǰֵĻһŮģȻ˳ƾ˵˼䣬˵ť»ʱչˣϸ
ť»ԱߣٲҪǫ鼸䣬Ϳİɫؿһۣѵõص˵ͷǺһ˿Ц
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ť»ֻֻ̿ϲ
˵˼仰ǡŮҩҪҩˡ
İ翴ŮšͿȻûԵĺתȻǿסˣͺͷķΧûΧչ
ͺͷͷƤȥҲǰŧѪģĿģۡ
İѰ˼ţ̫ҽ˵ⷨӣ˵Ĺá
ôҲûжˡ
ȱʲôʲô˶ն˵Ұסһӡİߵʱ򣬴ڸ߽˳ȥ
İһ߲Ӳͣһ߶Ů˵
ҲҴңȥҲҴңȻûŵĴˡ
ť»ʧĲУתһ롪ԽѴɵĿ꣬ԽҪѭ򽥽
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ť»һﰵ԰οԼһȴȻڸҪİš
İ籾˵ȹ죬
һƳۣͼŮͷͷƤϻ֮ͨͨġ
žӲëСˡ
ƫƫ
İһ˲

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ٶȿһϻť»ЦЦѾһһõȺˣֳť»߿˵Ҫûȥ
ť»ȻӦ
֮ǰֻôԼӣֱǰԼѵͶʹ
ڡ˵ֻӣʮİҲһ壡
ת룬ť»ϵį
뵽İԼʱ񡪡ûκβһҾƵġ

İť»һٷϢܿʹԺ
žסˣվ˺üȦť»ûгɹİ¡
ȻûС
˵ʲôЩʧЩһ
ǵϣЦˡ
İȥ
ȻҲһҹ
˵ҲûʲôֻǵʱŶСȥǰ鷿͵ġ
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˯ŵʱİоؿЩơ
һۣͿӣ켷ˡ
İǳԴˣΣˡ
̾˿ĵԼǵӣ룬֮ǰǶȥ
һȥҲѵá
Ǵѹš
İεػ˸ƣԼֱ۴Աߵı³Ȼӣ§ű˻
һָܹȫеơ
ӣ˯֮У;ȣ·ϸޱʵʵԼôƶƲ
ģģȥƣȴҲƲ
ô˯ɡ

֮󣬶ʱȴûҪ˼
İҲûж鷢
Ƕ˳ˮ۵ؼӣס
Ժԭӵģһȫˣѵõض
ʼ顪İϲЩǰ鷿в٣ΪֺҲֽ̡
İƽʱ࣬˵𾭣ȴϲȥǰ鷿˲پרŷڸ˵տʱúÿһ
ждǻۡġ
ֻһȤӣͷӦʡ
ǿöˣĿһЩȤǺڶڣʳס鶼նˡ
ǸøˣһһĿʼ
һʱܿʹ򷢹ȥˡ
ܼжмֵǡܷſЩģδһ¡
ҪһЩġ


507 

תۼ䣬ѾԪڡ
һеһԲ֮ҹҲǴػشҹǹһĻ߳һ֣
ʮʼʮֹٹپ㳯գŷӡ¡
ڹⷪ磬ʹͬϷͣʾ衣
˰ۼɫǹ۵ơ̻ʱˡ
ȵӹıոϻм硪Ժ֮Уһ֣ض˵
ȵ˶߹֮󣬴ñӾߵĸǰŵնշ죬΢о⡣
ͷʾūǽһֻϻϡ
ϻť»ֻ˵ԼΪն׼Ϊ⣬Тף⼸еĶһƬĽ֮˼
һ˵һ߾;ٸϻӣ˫ַϡ
ȷʵЩȶˣ̫Ѩ֮ͻͻۣϣתͷʾ⻪ܹȥϻ£ִȰ˼
һһˣתذʾť»ϽŬһֱڵȴŻᣬʼնû
ĸţе񹬵µĹӰһ㣬ҡβͣ׽͸
Ǹúӣ֪ġȥס˴ַ֣תֱġ
ͷȥ
ȵˣܵ˼䣬һ顪ҪôͰѾͷдȾ¶ˣ
ΪʼմñͷƤ˵˵þˣҲͲעˡ
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ﻹõӴߴ٣ѾָСŮҩݵˮźŸϴ˼֡
ӡվһԣĿӽϻ΢΢ЩΪѡ
ڴŮнӹֽӣһ˼
һ߲ȥϵˮ飬һնصϽˣ
˶٣ֵҲϴɾ֣ٽ

תۼݳݺɶ죬ȻǱأڲסĴ⻹ں԰д¶˳
ʱ䣬İԺĻ᲻ࡣ
ΪûʲôʱӣͼӣİǶʹһһ
һԹʱӣİã˵һүһֱ˲š
Уһλˣʮֵүۡ
⾢ͷүʮλ˵Ĳԣ汸䣬飬ѵõ˲š
֮ӣСӣ΢һˡ
Ңˡ
λҢȢĵһŮԵµŮ
ŮҲǳ߹ˡ
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ǣ·Ȣ˱ҵĹһ㣬æؾͽԼӱֶŮ˹
ӲҢ
ӣһţһ߾˵ҢʱĴɽʵҡ
飬ȻѾɽ֮ƣձ
ҢҲɵӣôһαز
ӣǵãʷϣյʱְ֧˰һߵġ
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ӣϸ룬ŮӦμѡ㡣
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Ҳ˵ֻҪ˿ʦǰֻҪʦ֮ϡ
ҢҲȢ

Ҳ֪ǲ֮鱣ΨһŮ֮Ĺͷť»ϵԺڵõ˿ƣתȬ
̫ҽҲңȻŴǧҩͣ
žԼòһ񼲣ٻͷƤ˲ĥĺۼͷǰ벿ţͷֻϡ裬ԼԼĻܿͷƤ
ֻͷþɵļټεڣܸǵһ覴á
ңķҲصˣǱ˵ʱԳһࡣ
ټһϳɵ̬
ȻϲԼ⸱ӣҲ֪ٳͷѾˡ
һǶڤڤ֮б
Ͼ̫ҽ˵ˡⲡ㲻þ͵øһӣ缲ʱʱľпܸ
ΪֻҪè޺һͷƤ͵Ѿˡ
ôǺתˡ
İҲһл̫ҽ֮⣬ⶣ˸ť»ҲҪʹ͡
Ͼչ˴й
ť»һлһ߳üչؿŴ񼱴Ҵҵָӵʰ
ȲҪصԺȥ
Ŷûûﴭһ
Ҫڶ֮ǰһصնȥ


508 

ӴͥԺѾ˴⣬ɫ紺ŵĻ涷ޣո̤ţŵһķ㡣
ť»ģʱͣ˽Ųһʾ
ɸԺһһ֦źԱ˫оŻ𣬽޼Ļ֦Ҷ뻨֮С
һ˿Цݣ̤˽ȥ
˸ǰȥҲЦĽ
֮䣬ɻǴǰǸĸŮТĻ档
Ϊʹ̫ҽѾȷ˴ͷ֢״ڴȾѾܵˣûʲôˡ
Ŵ֣һλȰĸߣť»ϸһߡ
ť»ϸϽǰȥ밲ָžͽȥ
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ť»ԱߣȤؾͺЦһƬģĴ񲻹
ĸԣ۲תЦžֽ񳶵Լǰֱתͷť»ϣЦȻ
ջ۹⣬Ŵ˫һЩζصҵŮ

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úӣһӲ۳ҪˣֻҲûˡն
ŲŲӣԱãͰλ˿
Ψԥ漴ɵлźŵ
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ť»ԱҲһ죬ȵЩȲˡ
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صŮæµ˺ð죬Žһгָ˴ǰ
ϵı»Ľ棬ʣȥƶһ㣬˶ƮƮû˹ͷ
ڴϣ˫Դ棬ĬĬ¡
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ѾǸµŮ޳ȥķȻصġ
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ȵ޵ʱ򣬰͵նﵽʱһٻϲ֣ЩѾͷδرӦ֡

ӣԺϣİ絽˵˴Ļ¡
ӣʼеòʣ¶ѵӦú͸
İӻͳһֽչƽϡ
ӣͷȥͿֽдʮ
Ա߻бעϸϢ
ӦǸ˵ĵ
ġ
ٿֽ۵ĶˡȻİƽͽֽϣ顢æ͵еʱóһĥĥ
ʣ㡣
һĻҲĥʮˡ
İסļͷͷͷǰ
ӣһۿȥЩ䣬ʮְģĴ󲻹ꡣ
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һ߿һİ͸һһϸ˵Ʃ⺢ȻѧҲãǴž̫ˣ쳣ơ
ССͣ춼һء˴ģ

ⲻǺͷ
ת˱ʷ棬ָһ֣˵ӵƷѧһһģʮ£û׼ǳĽš
ӣôһ˵Ϊİѡľкˡ
˭֪İҡͷ̾˵⺢һĺ䣬û׼Ժһȥ˱߽ͷţҲ
Ҳ˵׼
İһ˵һֱҡͷ
ӣԱߣȻ뵽˴ƽŸףԹ
Ͳɵؾ㰢겢ǲġ
İѵõѶ˰Σתͷӣ˭ʴ

ӣҡͷʡ


509 ˼

һ˵һ߸İͣ覲褣Ͳôԥˡ
ϵĴõڸǲĹʡͬһ㹻ƣôЩȱ㡢ҲڸǲסƵĹâ
ԣİôԥȻǡ覡ȫڸסˡ褡
Ȼ̲ˣֺαǿ
ӣ˵̲ס뵽˴Խ֮ǰУ԰Ǻְθ߶̰ץ󡱵ۡ
ʼɣ̰壬ôܱθ𡭡
ô׾ܸıĻʲô̰أ
ο˵Ķ̰塪Ѿ˵ơ
ı̸ס
һԼó򡪡ƴԼ˵ƽˮƽֺأ
ѵΪȻ
仨ʱȥθ߶̰壬еĶ̰壬רĴĥԼĳ塣
ӵ覲褵ʵʱ򣬸û˹ġ覡Ƕȱݡ
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İ类˵£΢΢ü漴εؿЦһ¡
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˵ԻľͰѱһ˫Сݸ㣺ˣողģϽԡ
˯ԺģҡҡͷҲԡ
Ȼô˵ܿͳ˱ӡ
̲סһڿˮڵֵסջִõСнӹ衣
ָ𳤷㣬ԡ
˶٣ҸղĻأ


510 

⻰žһӾ˱ϡ
ūǸϽʰˡ
Ա߱һ£ÿطŮǣŶС֣۾ЦЦͶ㣬ҸղŻ˵û꣬Ҫֵˡ
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Ļ£ڶǰ
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ڶ񣬹һ֮󣬱㱻İӣԺͻԺ
񻹺ܾ裬´ԼˣʲôУ㣬΢΢һ
ӦǿԹһӰˡ

ȥֵ˳
üѩ֮󣬿ʮһƬ̻лĻ
תۼ䵽˿ʮꡣ
ġ
ӣȻֻһȵһ㺹
ѱͰӵĸӣĸӣȷ硣
޵ѾܽˣĸҲΧġҪˡ
巿Ѿϲµ죬ӣҪѡҲҪĻĻ֮ϣ΢˸ĶԷǡ
ĸŮ˶ԴһͬɫϵصΣӣŮھǰȥͿһһСˣܰˡ

Ǳߣǰаµʱ˹ˡ
˸׼һЩ֮⣬˻׼һЩҩġ
Ǹĳ
Щ˼ȻܽȻǵõ˸Ӧʡ
Ȼŵˡ
Ψֱĸĸ˶Լʱ飬ǴҴ˵˼仰Ϳˡ
ǱߣʵкüŴ죬ǿСһƨҲסˡ
һڲˮûȣϵĸڨڨˡ
ߵʱ򣬴񵹻˻
ôһߵľо͸ǿˡ
һߣһֽŮϸѯԹôȶûһ
Ů棬˵ĸ˼ҲǺ⣬ôٳ֮ǰټˡ
Ͼ˸ָһϵҪ߶͸ˡ
һһͰĥնôٶʲô˼
Ҳֻôĸףܱ£ǸĶ䡣
ҲôĸôҪסԺնֻһλǾĸǼˣҲֻһ˼Тλն
ôĥţ͸ϽŮĸ˸ĶȫⷿȥˣȻȵعȥǱ밲ˡ

ڵ˳޵һ졣
ǰϲ£Ժﶼŵƽʣ֣һƬȥ͸Ƶġ
ȹ껹ϲ졣
һϼû˯ҹʱͱױ硣
ߵūȻ࣬һ˫֣Ҳֻлϡ
ܰͷŨܣȥûйͷƵġ
øַΣڵ֮ǰΪͺ˵ķߡһ㶼ֻⷢƯĿʽñз顣
ԽÿһЩ
ʱžӿԼķͣɨ;˵ᷳ
¾Ϊ˫֣Ҳܲ


511 һΪ

ſ϶ûȥԼӡ
˵һǶüǹ˺ܾõġ
ϡͿҡͷؾȥ
ո˵꣬·ʶʲô͵վŻˡ
˴ūȫȥһֻСϻӡ
ϻȡһ滹пµѪ
ϣұ¹ｫҸȥȻ˰ȣⶫãա
ֱʵһʱûµ˼ֻһӾȥȻؿڡ
·Ŷһ㡣

ӣߣҲر˴Ůһ𴩴
ȵ˸ԺǡҲڸӣ˴񣬶һϲˡױһ·һҹ֮ͳʮƵġ
̾ͳˣˡ
СŴ㣬ҲЩˡȻͱͶһЩ׸Ҳֻǵӡ
Ȼһ£ͱˡˡ
ֵ֣ƺǺԼȣΧüˣӣˣӭǰ
ӣϲӡ
ť»ϺǰӱУ˵ɣôһֱŮƵģҲ˵үµǺãи
ֻ΢Ц
ť»Ϻ񶼿ݵ΢ԸǶ˵˼֮ҲֻùԹԵı졣
ʱҲ¡صعˣվһ
һ෱ǣӣԽִ˶
ǰԺ죬ıոĴҲǶŵģӭ׵Ķˡ
ȵ˽ӣĸӦؾͺˡ
ִؿժӣһ߲ᣬһ߸ں棬ಽȥʮֲᡣ
İ籾ϻǿ΢ЦģôһޣͶʱܳˡ
ߵԱߣŽ΢΢ͶŮü䡣
Χ֮Ҳ֪ܲ塣

һϣˣȵ֮סӣĸ첲̧ͷͺؽҽˣӵʱ򣬶ﲻҪް
ӣں⻰һǺں
˺üסŮС֣ô뵽
Сһ㣬΢΢˵ż⣬ڶ߾͵ҽ쿴նûģǰĺѹˡҡ۰ꡣ
ӣŮСԴ
ҽˣһҪʹһͼ⾩ͲˡˣҲʱ
ӣ΢΢һüеӷֱŮӣıԼϥϣŲȥཱུϽ˺üڣһΪ
˵ͷ־ͺӣ

¸
ڴϣĶ
լԺͥԺǰԺھ紦һξ롣
ˣǰĸֻЦȻ˹͸ľ֣ס
ӹһ
öҹһֱڣΪ½֣ˮûжȡ
ֹʵúܡ
ĲɵһŶӣһ߾Ÿղ»εʱɹٵ
ܺӦǸɡ
ֻϧһֱƲԼλʲôģ
ôţЩ˵ڴվȻҲЩ糺졣
źԱߵģĶϸĵľ͹СʴǲǶӶˡ
ССĸ㡪ǳǰӱոģоģ㶼ָǴСһһúܡ
ҲǵʽԺ󲻻ڿζ
ǵ˵ͷ
һͷæˣ㣬Ƕ˲ˮ¸ôɳŸ㣬ᱻҭס
Żֳ˼㣬̧ͷͿСѾͷһ˫Լ۶ǹġ
Ȳˮ̵ͦģСѾͷҲôɵţ̵Ķˡ
ҲǸĵūš
ôšĥǲҪѻ򷢵ԺȥȻЩԥˡ
էС⸮ǳ壬οô˫۾ڴ
õԼˣһһ
չ鲻ǻ¡
ˡ񵭵صȥ̽̽ǰΡ
СسȥС̫ˡ
С̫඼Ǵӱոģʱ˷ԸһȾǰȥˡ
վ̨ϣС̫ǵıӰʧŻο񣺡ūѾȥˣٵȵȡ


512 

ɹٲûôȴ̫á
ţĶ˵
ͷһƬ죬ʹŬƣҲʲô
ǵ½ӵʱŵҲԼķ̸
ɹٽݣһūŶ밲ǰոһعˡ
ֱֵӣֻӸͷȥҰķΧʵ̫Сˣżɹٵѥӡ
ǸʱʲôҲ
Ͼ»飬С˴˶ۣ꽻֮קؾͰѻʹŮҲקȥˡ
ȵڽֻʣ´̸ˡ
ߵ꽫в֪ʲô·һߵϣһǰɵؾͽˡ
ֱֻǷϥϵģʱҲ亹߬סϲϡ
Ȼǰ˻Ȼ߾էȻǸͷˡ
ʹۣû˼̧ۿԼķǰ΢Цţ֪ߡǶȥˣ˸ͷ
ֵᡣ
һ£ӿһ˵ζ
̧ȥ
ü΢üӢ͸ŲʱȴЦӯӯĿ
ҲббһĨЦ⡣
ȤضŴ񿴡»ӣȴӲ˼ֵϷ˵ķ
ΪԼȻҸݣǼĸµŮôλ»ķҪмֹ
˭֪ȫơ
⣡
һ֪ȫ޴ʲôĸо
ָоʵ̫ȴַ·һͷС¹ͣͷ¶
һСһûססգƽһλŲԵص㡭𡭡ˣҪˣ
̸ֳڴͷ΢΢ԴЦؿȻָ̧֣˷ǰ鷢

»ĵڶİУҪŮյס
ѵõ˸Ժ
Сø㣬Сõֻ˰ȣڰڡ
ūǸҪͱİֹˡ
رվڷſڣһƬУ߶˵ҲǸģ޳ȥˣҵ˼Ҳûиɣھǣ÷ġ˵Щһֱƴ񣬽缺ԼŮҲˡҲòҪ⵱ĶŮˡ
İЩȻеԵԵǷǣȴҲ˵ˡ
̧ȥͥԺˮ
İ뵽ǰ£ü䣬΢΢̾һ
һ̾˶һͷİˣæ밲
İ粻ϵ£΢΢˻ӣʾȥ
ش⣬ΪİҪԼȥ˸ϽţͿİһֱȥˡ
׹ˣŽȥͿİͦпתһȦͣ˴ƽ廨ĵط
廨һĶڴ£ԱиɫѾһƷȥͷ·ʱƵġ
ϲŮ졣
ʵûôעƽĴ塣
ʱİſ˴廨ģüûӡ
˳־һ顣
ߣƺҲƽƽѣƽƽѳƵϡ
ʵڲ֮ܺǰԪڴť»Ժ׸ЩƷȡ
·𡭡ͺһġ
ǰһ£׹
İһӣڴдֵϵ̨ʼܡΡ
ϾŮӣЩҲǾѡſɰ˳־ֽ̿ţԹд˼֡
һд֣
Աߣ΢΢һͷžˡⶼӵ֣ܵЩкͻС
İѾڶ˼ҪѶĻҲ
µûҲүŮ⻹мոйޡ
İҲɵģۿǰ긧ɵĶ࣬⼸ǸΣؾûôᡣ
˭ʱ򣬸ϽذԼŮĻ¸
Σ޵˼ңù룬Դġ
үո˵ʲôͱİһ̧֣ʾ˵
أԶŵƻ¡

Ǻܿ죬¶ͱһ¸ˡ
ʮ¶פȺй
֮ҪѲ⡣
ֱ̫ӡ硢İ硢尢硢ˡšʮʮİѲС
İ綼ûʲôһ̫ӣעĿˡ
Ҫ֪ڹȥ̫ܱ¼
ѵûһͬߡ
ǣϵһٶʱ˳Ұ˵ע⡣
ȻҲİڡ


513 Ѳ

Դӿʮ꣬һ֮󣬿۾ͷǳӽᵳӪ˽֮£˵Դʹ
̫ӱϾ̫ӣۼһ˥ȥ͢ˡ̫ߵˣȴôҲ಻ס
̫Ӵʱ̫ӣô꣬ٳδܵǻԸżߵҲͲסˡ
˶ϻʵҪ̫Ӵߵһٶ˸ִ⡪Ҫ࿴̫

ûκأİ縮ӣΪ̵ѡ
ҪϺǡ
һΣΪ޵飬Ϊ˸ԺΨһСҲǱһӡ
Ǹȥİ磬ֻ˵һȺй֮УϾֱȴǰһЩôȥˣģԺǺúѧѧأҲǺ¡
İ֪˼ʣô񣬿ҲûĹٷӣߣֻһ˳ȥһҲزˡ
İ뵽ȷʵҲһЩ˵ЩҲȫ޵ˡ
ԼȥȺйˣҲûʲôϵĲ
һ߸˵һ߾ͿŶ񰲰ţûеĳü
Щ棬ĵĪǴĳޣ׶ԶҲ֪ӣҪżˣ
ڸ껰ȥԼϴ֮ر˴
ȵŮǶſ˯֮󣬴ŴͷԱһֻСϻС˶µĶ
ؽ֮ؿڡ

ӣԺİһ죬Ъ
ٿ飬տûһ;һһϮͷҲЩΡ
ɲ
ȥۣܰŵģȻЩסˡ
ӣ۾Ѫ˿;úˡ
Ҹ㴷򡣡
İȷʵҲЩԲˣαϣƣĽͷԼ
ӣһ߸һ߾˵һȺ֮С
֮ҪѲҡ
ӣ뵽ѲңģģؾԺмڲ⼸һѲ֮Уʦ̫Ӹˡ
Ǿһ꣬Ҳܼǵôˡ
ǿʮꡢʮˡʮŷ̫ӵģ
ڴԽʱգǲÿ¶ʷһģһ˵׼
үӣ룬ɫ껹ȥ𣿡
İ类⻰ʵķסˣֱ˵׼¡
˶٣뵽ӣʳ֮£ɵؾתͷʵôôʣ
ӣϽҡͷЦЦǶϲȥ棬ȺйѾܿˣοȥ⣬Ҳ¡϶ȥ
ͣԵоݡ
İžЦˣֱӣֽӣǰ̧ͷչ˺Ҳ࣬𴷼ˣϸ첲ϸȣүȱǼ¡
ߡ
ӣҪ£ͱİһֱ֣Ӹˡ
ϾǰСʱˣӣϣе㲻˼ԼȻѾšʢ衱ͷ
ôƺҲܷϡ
˸˵һҶˡ
ߵͦȵˣ棬ɹͺ
һӣ֪رͷͳŽӣô˵Ǹô˵
ʼĵؽòУԼҲЩˣǱ˸⡪רŵܵܡ
ֻ˵ܵôѧȥܿҪͺS硢͸һ𣬵ǰ鷿ȥСѧãû׼Ҫ鷿
ŰɵͷŽ㣬طͻС
ͶԺ˵ڸڹѧõı׼ɲһ䡣
һССѧʶˮƽˣҲᱻץȥġ
һ˵һ߾Ͱ鷿µһ֮ȥʺ㿴S硢͸ÿλʱǸ˵𣿡
Щ㻣סˣֻС֣źһӣϸ룬ƴҡҡͷ
ⲻˣ

µףȺ֮кѲҪĸɫ׼Ҳˡ
ʣû׼ġҪô׼˵ģǱҲɲóҪôȺйר˱ţҪ߲ġ
İʱ޹ʱ򣬻һ𿴿Ȼ͸п˵Žʣµļ£ѶĻ¸ϸ
ҲҪڿѡди
ֻܰ¶ˡ
˵
ӣһţţ̫ӵڽꡪʮĻôһѲһ
кܶ˵ˣԴ˷췭ظı仯
Ҳزǰ


514 

ôŵĻȰŮĻ·һߣδһ¡
ʷϣӺŮǵĽʲô
ӣʹΪԽߣҲãȻһ֪

˵ŻŸ׺һȵڱﱧˣİҲһ㺹
Ͼȡ
ӣ۽ˣֺ˴ˮİϴһ¡
ȵʰ׵ˣҲЪˡ
ŮֽͰͷβˡ
ūǳȥţİӣ뻳ӣУİɤͳ˵ȣ˿úܡ
һ»ԽԽȡ
ȵȺӣĺõط
⣬ʱǷ羰Ž
ӣž뵽ǰʱȥĹ⾰ʱȺйׯӶûȫã羰ȻδƬơ
һȥִһˡ
ɽµļСһȥ
ӣ뵽̲ס͵͵΢Цİ绳꣬˵һδźȥȺӵĺöȤ¡
ʱӶСأһ·ϼɹȴҲ֡
ýζİ纬Цţľһûһµš
ҹ˽ʱ
ӣǸܰҹİ˴ա
Ӵͷ
İİһ˲΢΢һ£Ȼһ־ͰѴʸˡ
ӣһͱˣССİ磺үۡ
仰û˵꣬İ־סļͷ

ſڣŷˮȥүƣģ
ΪǶЪˣûһԼԼĶ
รίСèƵġ
ö棬˲ˡ
ﻹݣһϳɵش˸ƣʾöԼ΢ԶЩ
үǽˮҲùϺþá
Ͼʢ衣

ڶ컹ûİʱ򣬱ѹסһǣðӣˡ
Ժ˯⣬İҪˣִӱסİ
İڴѥôһסͷͷֵͷӣգ˵᣺Թ˯㡣
һ˵ӣ־Ͳ§סĲӡ
İ֪ҪǺЦͷǡ
շתࡣ
˺һӣȻ
ӣˣӵ֣ȥñԼһֻСӡ
İЦȥקӣȣ

˳ȥūżİæһ밲
İ˼䲻ѲรƣſԱߣץһ㣬Цؿ
СѾͷ𴲻磡
׵۹⿴ˣܹСֱһֻɾС֣ǣס˸׵Ĵ֣һðɣߣ
һ˵ţһƪɷ˵ľİǰ
һŸһ߾ͽеţ涼͸Ժ󣬲ֵݸİ磺꣬ԣóԣ
İŮСֳˡ
߶գָŮֲ˲
ЦЦ

ԽԽȣʮȺй֮УĻ
ѾһγԶˣܰŶһװ
źǶһβܸһȥ
ûʹ㣬Ƕ㷴ȰúøŶȥ档
ȵԺ󳤴ˣ˼ңҪԶžˡ
Ȼ񽥽֣ȥǰ鷿˺öκS硣
ƺִ
ÿһγȦǺģֻ֡ҷϡ
ҷϡָS
롣
S翴ȥҲܲܣֻΪԺĳ⾪˰ߵˡ
ǿţͶȥ
˾ͺֱͣŤ
ܵĶ㣬ͬʱҲúSҲס
SǶ׵ܵܣ˵ָǰԺһĸ
ôһֱŤȥʱˣԶˣָŶͰȥȺӣһڸӾ͸ѹˡ
ǳźͻʱȥҸ磬ʺ֪֪ô¶
һǶ鱦Сһ߿һ߶Ū
ܵܣȫֶС޵ķʽ߹ȥڿֽţͼܵܵע
ܵûţԼһͷ
ø
Ͷ˺һܵܲԼһŤͷϲЦտֶеƣ
ȥһѾͰѺˡ
ϲͷϵձ߾͵͵˺üڡ
תͷŵܵһڡ
ԼʵҲǸޣǽεС΢һСӶƲ
֪ôģźȴܱȵ


515 Ǯ

³ʮۼݳǣȺȥ
İһǰĸͷϡ
ʮߡ
ʮİͰ˰һ·˵Цϣʮİ粻˵ʲôǰ涼ضȵشһ䣺˸磬㿴
İţЩ˵ζ
νֵܡѪһ֣Եһ֡
ʮİСųģ˵ʮİС͹ʮ꣬Ĳ࣬Ͼһġ
ǵʮİСʱģ--װۣͷԵģСʱе񣬴һͷѣשȥ
ںСеİ
һ߱һʮĵܾͲͣ
ʵͦɰġ
İԼʱҲֻǸʮꡣ
óڱԼĸ飬Ҳڱ
ǲϲǰСޡ
û뵽ʱ䣬С޽ؾ͸ڰ˰

һĵػشһ·ϹȥҪʱ䡣
ҲǸղź⡣
ʵԼҲƫƫһڽ̵ܵܣӣž̲סЦֱҡͷ
ȵ˵⣬ºܵʳʲôмܲ˵⣬˽ȨǸϽ˸ι
Եú㣬һѾȥŴ׸⡣
ӣˣϽֹŮˣŴףġ
Լָ˲졣
ʱ֣ۼͣЪ
ӣº˰죬ƵûţǴź͸͸
û뵽ǣ尢ߵĹ϶ϴĸˡ
ͦ϶ϴǱ߹̫˺һ·ӣ΢΢Ӳͣ
ĸһͿĵܵһȥ˵Ļˡ
ĸעȫ˿ȥ
ɴһ˫һӣС㡣
϶ϺӣҲǾʶʱһ߲һ߳üչ˵һѲң尢ˡ
һ
ӣȻؾΪһˡϡ
ǣŹ϶˵飬;¶ûô򵥡
Ȼû䣬ӣ֪尢һλԭǸĸǮϡ
λǮϣ֮ǰû϶һͣ˵Ů븮
ȻˣҲСͷȴʮŸոս̵ܶʱ䣬Ѿ尢ʮϲؾԺȥ
ԭྴ帣ȻҲһССĸѹ˷ͷ
尢˵帣һأǾȻǰһӣ帣ˡ
ǰûй¡
һλรϵĻ˵үĻǱ꾫ˣ
϶һ߷߿˵ţӣһ߾뵽ӡ尢ģܴŵһǫǫӡ
е㷢
Ҳ˵үޣ㣬ʲô𣡡϶ҧ촽ߺشյӣϣ󵨵ؼż仰
²⼸仰ƺʹ࣬ؿھ࣬һ̾˺üڳ
⸮Ϻ͹϶λรϵҲһֱֻ̲Ϊ帣άźԺĺ˲ôƽദ˶ꡣ
¸ǮϽλรʱࡣ
Ż˴ˣҲȴǰ˳۶ˡ
үһ˴ҳʵȫΪմѾͷĹ⡪ӵչˣȻĻͲֻǺ꾫һأ϶ѹɤӣͶӣԹ
ӣ֪˵ġѾͷָĸ
϶һ˵һ߾ͶŲԶһָָ
ӣ˳ƿȥþͿūæǰæڰŵӣź
ֵһ˲һֻ֬֡
ʮָ⣬ָϸɸɾģʲô鱦ҲûС
ֻһμɫ䣬еذ봹ֱϡ
һŮģȥ˸ˡ
һԶԶĿòӣȻЩ尢ΪʲôͻȻˡ
һˣƷˣҲһҾƵġ
˵ĲһޣǶԱȡ
ǮҲʮ߰꣬ɫȴʮޡֽޱȵ续ϳױ˴ӻֽһ㡣
һɫװ
ɫ̫ˣۣҲװ˳ĺڣƫƫǮϣǸһ㣬ޱȺʡ
·ˣУ˴˶ﵽѵ״̬
ǮҲ˼Ȼ϶￴һۡ
϶ϻ²ۣѾƼԼˣ֣ʾ
ǮϿȥЩԸǹˣȸ϶ֿӣװ϶϶̬ȣ²ӣүĲรҲ
϶صѲ⣬ͣЪֻʱͷ¶ʲô
ǮһЦ̩ȻصรѵҲתô
һ񣬶Ųร˵Ѿܴˡ


516 

϶ϹȻѾЩסüͷһšۿűҪ
Ȼʱ尢ߵūŹ˵尢ʹ˹ϹรǮѸ
һ˵תһ֣ūϹϡ
϶ϱôһƢӲѹѹ
һ£һó˾͵õˡ
尢ǽͷţ϶Ϸʱùͷ
ǮǸ仰ܻסʵӣһĳѹס˵׼䳰ȷô˵Ҳǲรͱѿˡ
Ϲһ϶ϣūһǮǰ
ǮֶöֻʾŮ΢΢򿪡
ɨһۣסڴЦŵϲһ䣬үġʱˡ
˼˵ˮԵģ尢͹һЦ
϶ϷմĹˡ
϶ϱˮѹȥ˰ǻ⻰ֻð
Ǯ۲תһ۹϶ϣ˸ֽģصร޻˵ɲˡȻȥЪš̫ɹúء
϶ðָǮϿڣӣһƳۣ尢ԶԶˡ
һ־ס˹϶ϵĸ첲
Ǯתӣǹһ˿˸ŴūԶˡ
ߵʱҲ
϶ۿ߿ֱеһֻѡѵĹ֭˲ơ
ƣƣǸӣ϶ӣ֣Ŷ˵ȻƼ尢ȴڲԶס˽š
϶ӣղѹԼĸ첲Լ˵˼
尢ƣǮϵơ
ǮڱūǷȻƵģ尢ķһͷ
尢
ǮҲԼվͷµİүЦˡ
ǮֻЦЦ̴ǣŮ֣һͷõ

尢û϶ϣֻվԭأǮϵؿ˺һȻŻȥˡ
϶ϸӣ˳Ůϲˮ
϶ֽӹյ͸Ⱦһؽˮһ
ȻִŮ衣
ӣһԣö裬ˮ峺յ
϶ֳգĿรҲƼˡҲΪԸҲΪ˽㣡
ӣ֪帣͸รϵһǺǢġ
϶Ͽеġ㡱Ȼָ帣ˡ
ʶԼƺҲЩʣ϶ϸ˿ڣҴǰţ帣Ĵ˷˵үˣЩҵģҲ帣мӣүྴٰü
˶٣Ŀ͸¶Ȼ֮ɫһֱΪү帣һٳˡŮӡĸүûңֻҪ檺Ȼһźڲ֪ȴ̫ˡǮĺģƷصүҲһмܲס
ӣѹˮֹ½ϣֽӹ϶еıյһߣ̾һ帣ڲѹġ
϶ص˵ͷ˵Ĳ帣үһģǶƵüġϴһ£үˡ帣е治ܡ
ӣϵĻƳһᣬ̾һȫĽصã㵱Ǻøġү㣬֮УʵʮѵˡԼүǰԵ֣Ľġ
һ˵ţһ߾˵˵ЦЦԭĸˣūǲһڸǰӸϻ
ҲûӣֻܽסһȦūǻСС˵ǶӣʵΣգòҪǰͱˡ
ѡ˳Կ͵Ʒ֣ʱСӽĸĻˡ
ϻճĲҶżݵķҷ͵ͷŬŲϵĲݡ
ĸ񶼿ĵؿš
ӣο϶ϣ尢⼸γѲĸߣɼŮϲ
⻰οڵˡ
϶ǿʰһ飬Ŷӣ˵߶ţֽˮϣūǷ
񿴼ˣ첻񣬹͸߸˵קס϶ϵӣаϵĻòÿ
Ľһֱġ
϶ǿЦЦָĸļ˵Ȼǰȥˡ
ĸ̧ͷҲЩԣ
ЩģǴҴҶ˼䣬˵פˣúúˣ١
Ůظˡ


517 

Ůʰˮ˽
־ʹӻͳһרĻȣλָ޷ߡ
ӣе񡪡ŷŹ϶˵Ļ
ôˣҲĿõġ帣ܵ尢羴
ΪΣ帣尢еĵλչǲᱻģ֪ûʲôǲܵġ
֮ǰģ֮ĲˣҲġ
ϣפ
С֮İ΢о⣬ӣָһСӡ˹Ƶģһһ˸һıһСǳ»
Сһӿֱӵ׹ˡ
һúһֱŽ㣬Ҳ͵ܵܶ׽׽񣬸һźȥԱˡ
˵˼лӣվûסһǮϵ顣
İһ׹Цž˵Ǹ֪ģܿøƵģʵѹҲʲôˡ
尢ǾʶˡǮи֮ǰ尢µ£ΪΪԼиòӣʸ˵뷨
ǰǴ尢粻ɡײˡǮϡ
һ棬Ѷ
֮󲻾õİѡ㣬Ǯһأȴرɸ򷢻ؼҡ
۳˵Ůӣһѡѡл䣬ѰҺʵķҡ
Ǯȴûʲô
ٺҲ֪尢米ôתģ֮Ϣؽ˸ս˺Ժ
һѣۡ
ӣһţһ߾롪ֲǮ˵£һ޿ֵľͷ
ܱ尢ͷ˺ü꣬ɼһϲ

ҵŰԣİ粻ʤһԵĻľϡ
ӣŮȥˡ
İһֽ۰գӣʲôѲ¹꣬ǸҲǮϡ
˵ƣЦЩûأԼԼĬ˵ˣӣ֣΢΢Ц
ܵŮˣʲôϵ
ӣһӾվˡ
ЩǿӲѳֱߣ˴ߣӸסԼ
İòԾȥĸ첲Ȼûö
ӣؽϣһҪԼӡ
İЦãϼһ㾢һڰקˡ
һקӣ±Լӣֱסİ绳
İ;Լǰ½󣬽Щȵʪ͸˽
һҲˡһԼÿЦһ߾۵ȥӣ
ȴýģһʱѲ
İһһĺףο˺һӡ
öһѾŽҴҵصſڣէȻһ̧ͷ⸱⾰һӾͶס˽š
ں棬һ֣קĺѣͰ˸ˡ

İӣһӣŻǺһЩ
ԼһסүÿЦ
ӣίس˳ӣߺذĨİϣȻס֣Լؿڡ
İ΢΢һü˼ʱ򲻸˼ȴӣҲԼָȥ
ͷ૵ط·һ㣬Ըһ㣬͵үһֱúõġ
İһ˲ֺͷֵͷգЦŷʲôʱ򲻺ˣ
ӣЦ͸ˡ
ذסİ֣Сǿһֱúõģһֱ
ڣҲҪꡢ꣬ꡭ븮
ԶԶ
İס֣΢ֲڵָϸϸĦ·𰲸һ㣬󻺻ʮָۣԡ
˶٣Լƽӣȫסͷŵү¶
˵ڣӦӣ⻰ġ
İͷӣĿӹ΢΢ŵĺ촽
ͷ΢΢ίӣˡ
Ҳʱĳ
ʱ򣬻ǿʮꡣ
عţһתѾʮˡ

˶յĳڣۼһеȺй
Ⱥйƻֺ꣬գƺڣԶأɽʯ
죬ϷˮԾ;ǵȼֱء
ͺͺSһιʱͻСļ䶼ľΧġ
ǿ˴˾ϣҲˡȥȥɽĹء
ϣֵסбĹâĿԶѰŹµټ
ûţǿ˲ٻҰ׵Ľ
ʲô͵תޣָʡ
Ǹںģ緢ʣǰ˳źָķ˿شضĻӦԺ


518 

Ժ΢Щ㶣ǺܿͷӦ·Ҳ˵˵ǻ귨ȺйĸڽЩԺ
˵ЩԺУЩйѧӣøѧǷ׷Ľ
ߣȰˣȥһתͷͶ԰

ϣ˰֮źһŶ
Ժ㽫ʮ⵽һŶйţԺﻨ̳޵üãһĿ
ȣϱһСͰ§Ľġ
ӣ±Ͱ̫ʢôҪŮڱͰĹһСӣŮš
СرԹһҲ
ȺйôˬϾҲֻǺ;Եĳ̶ȡ
ܲ˵ôһط˲ͳ˶ˡ
Ͼ
ԱߣŽģ»һطܶΧЩϤǵɴ۾ūææȥ
С־ͽŽĸ첲
һߺĸ˵һ߻ڳһֲֻϵذŵܵܵĺס
һİߵūǹˣร͵ǹеʹ͡ǸߵǣǵС
һ飬Ҳ֪ʲôƳɵģӨ͸͸һɲҩĵ㡪֮󣬲ǣóã˯ʱҲͲ³Ӷҧˡ
һ֮бһȡҲǼ˼ӣ˿˵鴮ȻδعأǵʵãͷȻصǵʱ򣬱˸񡢶񶼷һЩ
úõĸǱߡ˼Ҷǹ϶ϲรȻʹһγģع϶ҲУͲضһˡ
һһߵͷ˵ҿ϶ǻŵġд㣬ǴظҲš˵΢΢ץץףƺЩǿ
ҲˣȺӵصʳزȻ繬ʳʳľȴҲһҰȤ
ʵûдҲù£̾һ
ìܵصͷ겦һ׷ͽС
ӣŮ˼ûĻ⣬ֻһ߸Ůʢһ߾ͽ鲻ʲôضԺ·еĵһġ
һէȻõ桪ߵ˲֪
ֻҪ֪ѲĽ֮ġ
ԡ
ԣӱ֮ʱһҪסܳԶʳüʶȷ
һѡ
ЩƴżȵˣȲԸ׽һߡϲʤٰ㴵꣬⣬ͨͱҳɾ͸С
ˣػ֮ʱ
û׼ʲôʱ򱳺ƿնһƬķʢ
ǰ󹬣ʱգһ

÷ˣգ˼
˱ҡҡλεظơ
֪ܵܵ˼Ҫιԣſϳԡ
֡ŮιҪ
ְѵܱܵԼϣСԴཱུգ̾һҡһСԹôôأ
۾ЦбֵСӹסӣ֡
ӣ¶ˤˣæס
̵أӣֻĶҪˣиѽ
˼˵и֮ˣų衣
ӣŶһֱ׳ģ⻰žһ˵ޡ

ţ͹ĸ밲˳㿴ú͵ܵܡ
Ѿ˯ˡС޴ˬ˿ϯϣ첲ȶõչš
ƣָܵ££Сӣţú˯ɣҲ⼸ˡ
Ⱥ鷿ٺ١
˵ܵܣǹǣź͵֡
ӣڳ֦֦֦ڹ㶫Ҳ֪ô˵ģȻƤܱɫû˥ܡ
öԱߣ˫Ѿϴɾһһŵİ֦жϢ
ʱӣһ֦ӹˣָͳӸ
ΪѾ˯ţĸ˵Щѹͣ˵˼䷽ţ岮ҵСһȥԺ顣
ӣžЩ棺ԺԺ
ָȻҲΪ಻ӣ˭֪ȥһƣضͦѧҲ࣡ƼһȺΪǹٸˣǹѧ죬Ҳ塣
˵ţ˵̫үҵĺҲڣҲµ˵Ҫȥ֡
ƽ̫׽Ūˣ໨ӣ岮ҵС綼
ƫƫ鷿кҪõļСһֲѲ֮С
Ǻͱˡ


519 үӣ

ʼռŵN֮£˶źԹ֣ʱ˵СǹòΡ
ֻܻһ˴ūˡ
˵˵ű̲סüɫ
ӣ״ȥŶߡ
Ǳϯĺ
ŲһƨȥȴЩ
¶ٽԼ䡪˵ΣϾ岮Ķӣֻİϡ
̫ѿЩ
ǶѹûС
ӣЩţȻǲ֪ģҲҪʮ죬졣
ҲûһӶ֮λĸ׿ˡ

һתۣй֮УѾعȥ˼졣
ڰŵĲร֮УǮϺȻͳ˸۵ġֻΪ尢̫谮ǮϼҪ÷磬Ҫꡣ
ҿֻǹ϶һร帣ڴˣֻٲҪ˵ɳˡ
ӣһǱİʢģУ˴˰֮ʱҲ֪ӣӲأദ̬Ҳǫװ
ȻĽ˶࣬ۺᣬ˵ҲС
ȴࡣ
ԣȻأ˵߶еǮϡ
ǮԴסйֻ˵ͷȣƣúܡ
尢Ѱ˴ȴҲʲô
ټǮϽڳǧֿ̬尢ǳ̸ʣҹҹǮ֮Ǯһնȥ϶
϶ϵʱҲˡ
ü۽Ƕ
϶ԭȵ浾ȫûˣøɵۣӣʱһ²˵֪ˣԼһԲҪ
ðڸոº帣밲ȥ
ٲã¸һ𣬱˵䣬ҲȳǮ˳۵Ķࡣ
ôһԱȣϿɱǮϺˡҲ޷ѹ䣬ȴûô˵ġ
ãҵǺͿſóǸԭŮˣԼʵģ
϶Ͽɥ
ӣȰ˵ֻĵصȹ϶²ˣֵ˼ᡣ
ȥ˱϶ϣūǽõǹӶ˳϶һȥѰĸ
϶ҪĲǴ顣
ĸںſڴϣĲֺ˵รԼǴӴ˳
ӣ⺢Ӿ֣ʾһ϶ϡ
ȻŮ飬϶ϵȶӣֶĸ˵˼䣬⼸̰һЩ
Ҫء
ĸǸܶµСŮһ⻰͵ͷˣߵʱ򻹲תӣ󷽷񣬳һЦллร
˵ˣſֱ۹ȥֱס񣬸˶ףãˡ
ϵʱӣոţ϶Ǳߵ˾͹ˣ˲Ʒ尢Ӿĸ⽫ﲻʹͶ˹
϶һҲûԼֻĸѡһϲģʣµȫӣ
˵Ǹ
ӣˡ

פʱ䣬йǰ˲ϯݶǴͬС죬޷ǻӻǸ蹦̵£֮ǰ
ҪôǸƽϷת
ʼס
Щϣӣǵñϯģʱǿѡ
ϾﲻϽǣȻУҲûôϸ
İֻҪһʱ䣬ͻȺй֮ɽˮʱ˷羰֮ܲӣ
İЦ뻳
ӣпİĻ޾İ˵ϲͷȻ˾ȥׯ档
ȻϿ϶ԶƣǱϾԼҵׯӣôʰ޶ԡ
ʱӣźȥƣŪˣҲǺȤġ
ӣİĴְԼ֡
ﲻɵĬĬүʵйءɽ񡭡
Ҳġ
ġ

ūѾ˺һת
ڲԶ΢΢ķӡ
˾˺һİͷӣͿϦһŽ۾µϣ·Ⱦһ˵֬
΢΢Щã顣
Ķ֪
Ұž
̲סͷȥϸϸƵԼϡ
ӣסĲӣͷӦİǡ
յͽİȫ˳Žë϶Ⱦһ㵭ɫĹΡ
ӣһ߱ţһ߰ۿ
Χʵ̫ᣬ˶̲סЩ
һˣİ΢΢¶Цݣ̧֣һգֻүӣ


520 ү

֮ӣפϵԺ˺ôһ̺ӣַȤСߡܶūǿţһ棬ȥҲûϵ
ͷŶ̺ȥȻʢԴЦǰ֪ͨ˵꼴үԸ˵òร׼һ£̡
ӣţͰѺȥˡ
Щû״ڶĻҡСԴľʶȥĶ
ӣ׶۵СŶ˵ҪѲˣǶȫͬһ羰
ں˵𲢲
СҲϣֻ
Ķأ
Խʱӣһָūʰ
Ȼ˺öƣյõģϾլԺطЩλΪ˷ˮָռ䡣
͸ˡ
ԭؿһȻЩпӣ˵˵֮ʵϽǡոǡȺӡϣԱ߻кܶطûȥ
ҪǶܿ׳ɽͺˡ
ӣĵϧŮִ
ôѾǺ˵ˡʱĴ󲿷ֹŮԣ߹·ķ羰ѾЩŮҪöˡ
ڴϣ⻰̧ͷ΢΢ͶӣһЦȵˣһѲңȺӡ
ӣЦЦŮҡͷʱ϶Ѿˡ
һͷӣ˱㲻Ŷôҵķ۰ңȻһ̷
ӣžվԭĥˡôҪҸŮƵģ

֮󣬵ۼζȥ
Ҳ⼸գֳ̫һ¡ڳеµأ·һعԱڵأԷдñȽϼӡ
̫ʢŭ֮£Ȼ˵Ҫˡ
ҿ̫Ȱ˵֮£̫Ӳŭı⣬תñӳԱ
¶֮󣬿Ĭ˰Σȥˡ
ջûˡ
ֻеĵģƣ

羰ڲԭϲݺıӰӣֻоǰδеķɡ
ĲԭϣǰչˡΧϰ䡱
ⲻǵȡ֣ʵмǿеġ
Ȼ̫֮£ȻǿһȣԴӡ䡣ŵĻҲν
Ϊʱ佫ǲ¹ʱڣȵϰԴŻǣʼ˲¹Ļ
Ѿоˡ
ڸͷ֮ϣżңİһˡ
²ֵĲԻ󣬲ԭ֧¸ҵʿ
һʱ䣬ڿ֮УԭϷɽŻǣҹǧơ
ôˡ
һƬУúõؿһֱİ磬ֽӢµʮʮİҲ˵˺ü䡣
̫һɫյ͵ع˺üھȥ
ˮ
һߵӣ֮УöŽƵãСԱ̵ڶҪѡ
ӣȴЩ
ò׵ȵİһվ˹ȥˡ
İΪⱦǽžƾһƤ漴ɷ˵ؾͽһԴȥ
ӣڴ֮ϣȴôİ硣
İͿһ˫۾÷쳣ȥһӻҪ˵ģ
üڴգôˣлү˵
ӣֳסӣһĭؾ͵ү⼸죬Ҫ̫ߡ
İһɫһ£΢΢̧֣סӣ֣Ϊʲô
ӣеżץƣүǧҪ
û취شܲ˵ǴӼִԽģ֪̫һҪϣİǿʱʧ꼰㡣
ӣؾ˵Լ˸جΣˣŵѹʱһͷ亹˺һӲŻξеѾȫˡ
ү⼸쿿̫ӣǲ顣
ԣ飡
ѾˡİʶľָסڴָԼǰ޷
ǵǰ򲻿˵⻰
ӣһߵͷһ͵ֲɵӣ
ôһᵽ̫ӣİ緽ŵ˼Ҳûˣūˮϴһ£ӣͷͷڴ֮ϣס֡
ֲڵָһĦϸ۵ֱ·˼ЩʲôȻ΢΢ףү֪ˡ
ô˵ǰԼⷬȥˡ
ӣͿڵƻ£ͷĿؿԼ
ԡ


521 ʹľ

֮Уۿӣ˯˹ȥİȴĬŲԶĵƻ
ʵȻûӣѣҲȥ⿿̫ӡ
̫ƹˤľͷʵ̫ˡʰ궼Ѿ͸¶˼ְĪľ
ֱ

ڶգ߿֮УƸǸʺѲҲĺ
ϣŰ꣬ʱʱػͷźS
磬ţֱͦԽԽױƽ⡣±˴ǻصذɤŸѹˡ
SϣһĭսеԷһ½Ӳ
ſ⿴ԲԡҰããĽ
һ߿һ߾͵˵ˡ˵һλؾǾ͸ƥõСٳһЩٴȥ
ӣ£ûעŮ˵ʲôһֱ˳ӣӣŷӦ˵ʲô
񿴶ɫȻûעԼеʧ
ְѸղŵĻظһ顣
ӣֻǵͷСԴãЩˣԼȥ
ﻳУʱҲСְеСݸ㣬ܷѾصƣ棡

粶Ъ֮ʱİʮڴʮɾͣӵʶȥ
֮УȻûӰѾֱĻЦ
ϽеĹɭϣȻ˸е泩ǡ
İһҲеȡֱֱ˻ʰӰӣ޲ûʰ굽Ķ͵Ķ
ֱȹƤҩ
֮У˰Ѿһԡİ̧ͷͿʰ棬ȻЦݣѵõĲ
ֱ֪˵ʲô
ʰһţһ΢΢ͷǣ̧ۼİԼ밲
ЦţһʾطG˽²Ƶ¹
İڴ֮ɨһۣһֵܲλ
һָ⡪ɫͰƤ΢΢¹⿾õͣڻ𿾼죬ˢһķ۵ϣڴ֮Ĵӡ
ƹѲֱȻȶˣЩֵĲ˵ЦȻֲʱڻʰǰ֮״
ֱյ
˰籾İߵģʱЦӯӯİһۣȻ;˾յҾĸһ
İƱ
˰ով꣬Ϳ˼͡SкΧϵ֣˳İھļƯĲ¡
겼õġ
һ˵һ߰˰ͿһԱߵʮİ硣
ʮİ籾е㲻ԸǱ˰ôһʱʵʵض˾ƱİǰƵģĸ硣
棬ûôƣֻòƲؾ۲Ŷǡ
Ƕڱ˴˵ˣϯȻнʿľݽˣϯϵĹ⾰Ƚ軹ÿ
һд˴ŵһȺòǰΪĸ衣
һʱ䣬ոԾˡ
ֱĺȸˣ˵Ȼһ֣صġ
绹ûӦͿڵվֳϣȴ쳣ݣһ˲ת̫ǰ
ֱžյҪ̫үһ
̫Ӳȡ
ʱϯϾͰ
һ˫˫۾ǡ
ûֱѻ˵̫꣬ӺȻվſǳǳȻ˵ԼӲʣȻȥϢ
Ÿոף̫ӷȥ
ţһ·ﳤȥæϣ֮Уȴٸ˵һ仰
ֱҲ˼֣ʵʵˡ
ĵδȴҲֻսսزŹĵ㣬δ
ɫ糣ƲϲŭȵһȺ꣬ǡɹ
˳־ͽ澺һʹ͸ǡ
ߵл

ʹ͸İһɫԺڡĸò澣ֽľ
ʢȥˣһʱЩΪѡ
ò׳׼˿ӣһİ磺˵ǵǰϴɾˣ͵һİĴϵأ
ǡ
ܲþร
ʢԾġ֡õĺ
˭֪İֻǵһۣľֱ͵Ůȥ
˼ǲ˸ˡ
ʢƨϣһӦһ߻־˸Ͻȥľߵһˡ
֦˲รۡ

ôţȻԶֱʶ
ۼݴΧɭϣ˵Ȳɿһһȴ˳ֱ롣
ʢվİ棬ĿȥֿϾʿķɫ֪Ǿǵǰ
ǳʲô¶ˡ


522 

֮УŹֽӹҲ֪أҵ첽˿ǰ˫ֽżϡ
ֽżٶ
ŹԱ߿ϵ𾪣漴תΪ˰ʹ
ۿžͿվסˣŹæǰȥֱ۾ͷס˿ϣ
﹬Ů̫ǲ֪ʲô飬ŵùǼ״һɲ
ֳ滤ݵĽҡҡʾԼ£漴΢˶ߵһԣס硣
ǰӦˣת۶ȥ

һգӣͺ׷ҵشϢ˵겻ѲˣҪ۷ϻؾȥ
Ϊʮ˰粡úء
ʮ˰Сȴϻ쳣ڹ׵ĻҲǳ͵һ
ϲСӡȻĸݵ΢ֻǸ֪֮ŮǺ죬
ΪΪܳĶӣڹд˸۸һ֡
ôҲû뵽뿪Ͻ֮ǰոȥʮ˰绹úõġ
һµĹ⾰ôõһӱ㲡ص̶ֳȡ
ˣʧȥ֮ʹ⳹ǡ
ڴ֮Уݺᡣ
û뵽ǣ̫Ӵʱˡ
ĳο׵ģǻ˵ȴɣطm޼ãӣкιϵ
ʮ˰ĲûйϵģһСӣʲôϵ
̫ӵ˼ǣʰǱֵԽ⣬үͲطmˡ
ͺ˵ΪԽǽĺԽزۣԽǷĺӣǿҰһ÷ǳ
νġҲ
̫취Ƿ˵
ˣȻҲˣȻ̫赭д飬ǲʹ졣
̫ǰŸߣ׽ĴǱ߿ࣺӲأǶ֪һĿοޣȰ޲Ҫڱʹֳ̫ʮ˰׵ܵܣôôѪž͸ûһأ
ֱ̫޺ˡ
ͺͺSҲ˵ʮ˰粡ص飬֪Ҫؾˡ
ɻ䣬ѰĲʹ
˵㣺ʵǴŻܲܿȥϵϼʮ˰һˡ
ͺͺSʶʮ˰粡ԡ
鷿ʮ˰ǰ漸ţͱǻС
ȴǺܿɰġ
鷿ʱʮ˰ϻְЦ˭ϲ
Ȼ֪ӱ˵ԼС壬ʵϣһֱʮ˰統һλɰСܵ
ǵһΣڶʱԱҵкӣһСĻֽ̨÷ˣһī֭
ʱʮ˰ûѻ˵ԼմӰ˼ۣϡ
˵ʮ˰粡أҲͦѹ
꣬ʮõʲôס׵֣еİ硣
İһʱҲ˵塪¶˻ʰͷʹ˭˿Ρ
ֻģģ˵СȣǶġ
Ϊʮ˰̫С̫ҽ˶ҩʼǾȲ
֮Уز۵ĸʵ̫ˣԽСĺԵķҲԽ
۵С磬һ۶ˡ

ڻؾǵ·ϣϢһһĴʮ˰粡ˣﶼϵˣ˶֮ʡ
ǿһ벡ħˡ
ɫʹһҹ֮䣬֮׷ʮҲ·˲٣ǰź˶Сģֻûɤˡ
ǡѹڿǰһ˱ʹı顣
γԱȵǣ̫⼸ȴǷʰʹ͸ǵò澹֮УЦ
ноƽķ̬ȡ
ҿϹ˲
ˣ̫ߵ˻ǼͬȹϵϡһĵȰ̫ǧҪؽ
ֱŭյıԵϷ̽

ϣ·߰˸ʱĴ󲿶ЪϢ
Ҳûôʱ䣬ʵ̫ˣȵūǸոհúô齣¾˯ˡ
˯ñ졣
ӣָҴҴӽǣĬذѵƻˡ
ո˼İùһӣײϡ
İһְסˡ
һ³ѺӣĬؾ˭û˵һߵ档
û˵Ϲ㡭İӣ۵գſ˵һ仰ȻԶ˶
С
ӣԶԶȥĴ֮Уҡ
֮ԣӰػζһӶӾʿ׵Ӱӳϣ͸һƬҡ


523 ŭ̫

İɫһӣȻ˿漴ԼԱһƥʶȥ
ոյ˽ǰͿʮİѾһظϵˡ
һҪ壬һֱʵʮְסˣʮĵܣ
־Ѿ˹
尢硢˰綯İ΢һ㣬ȵʱѾΧˮйֻͨӬɲȥ
˰Ƽİ磬ֻˮһӳϣɵرǰĸ磡
İһۣʾȱԡ
һʹ˲С춯ǿڴ֮У߷С
̲һء
ǰūǶˣΡΡعһء
޵ҪʲôڲȻָ̧⣬ȴֻĿһ˳
Ź״ȥŵһѱס꣬ؿĨ˺ü£ò׽˳ˣŵϣϣǧ𼱣ʲôҲ˵׼
λ亹乣˭Ҷԣһͷȴֱ̫ӱֱлֱʰҪûرܣ
̫Ѳãһ˦ӣֱƿЦαļ
ֱ˵£һ죬Ҳξ⻰ֻŽ˴ųе־и˽ȥ
֮У̫ӸոսͼһʲôԼҹ
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ϾᣬӦ飬ˢһƫͷǶز̫ӵչȥˡԭһֻͲ
ɫǺ˵ķŭֻ۾͸쳣Ĺ̫ӽ͵ָ̫ӣҪ˵ȴӲסˣֻתͷֱطAȥ
ֱ˻ʰ飬Ҳ£˵ȥ֮ãӦˣɨһ̫ӣ˳ȥˡ
Ȼ֪ʰҪз̫ӣǱ׷׺ɢ
֮Уǰָ̫ӣ˵ȴ̫ں̧ͷ
һƷģ
뵽ޱΪӣѲ˲ϣһʱ䱯Ҳˣɣθ˴󲻾ޣһִİ꣡
ҹ̫˽ʷ϶С
ֻ̫˵İꡱȴ˵ʰꡱҲ֪бһʱＸȴ뵽׮׮¡
ǿֱá
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̫ӣ񣬶ģҲġ
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ŹվڲԶ⻰Ƥ΢΢һƣ漴ͷȥˡ
̫ʽƱ磬ջʢֻǸѵ⣬ֻ̫ӻͷ˵ȥ˵żȻΪ֮ȴСıʿײˣ
̫Ӳ˵ǣҲ˵ǡ
̧ͷͿһ˫ۼԼĵط·ȼػ磬Ϥһ㡣
̫ЩԲ׼ˡ׵֪٣
ǻѾ˵˿ڣ϶ϲ;ˣӲͷƤֻܵǣ
һָ䣬ֱݺķһָ̨̫Ӽɫһԣһģ£ѵװưʮӡ㵹Խֻ۵רȨ񻹸ҿ޹ӣǣ㵱ǽղŷôǰ¹ˣ⼸˽֮Уֳ̬޲̲ˣޡմʲô
˵꣬һ䡣
һ˵̫ȶˣ˹ڵֻ˵仰Ҫͣȴֲ֪Ӻοڡ
Źſ˼ߵӪſڣḧƣþʿһ˽
̫ӻͷⷬ⾰ʶʲôæȥϣȴ˸աϱһ߰СУʱȴѾˣɼǰ֮У֮ˣָǿȡ֮Ρ
̫亹乣ھԼⷬжĿЦ
ô֣ܲ
ʰݻʺʵ֮ţƤҡ
ǰտӲ㣬̫֮࣬뽫ӷ϶ָһЩҲÿøһЩȴǻͷˡ
ʰ̫꣡ڵ̺Ͽͷȥʰ꣡
Ȧͨ죬ͷ𣬶ǰ̫ӣɣԹһ仰Ž£ʮ̫ӺռݱøŲλô
ʰ꣬ӡǡ̫ȥס˸°ڣ
ڼȵķŭʹ֮Уһ£ָϵָȡƵ޸һʮ꣬Ϊ̫ӣѾʮӡǡʮ̫ӡߺߣ꣡
˶٣վ⣬͸ƣ˵񣺡꣬޲ˡ


524 ҹ

̫˻ʰ껰е˼һףֻúͷ֮һȻӿںڡ
ɴۣקſӣֻǰϵĽֱһһ㣬Žصһһţ޷Ŵǰ
У̫ʰ˵ʲôȴֻڻֵǷ·һ㣬ӵ롣
̫ӵۿǣȴ·𿴵һĻƾ硪ÿһ˶˵ϵıָֻͬţйڻʰǰȰοģҲֻԼġ
ʲô

⼱һ糾͵ľʿϷ䣬Ÿող˵أоѾ³˰ĭ
ʿ˲ֽǵļͷϣһ·ɱʡ
һƬҺ֮УİһԣؾͿʰ׽סֱֲֽŹȥס֡
βԣİǰȥס˻ʰꡣ
ֱͰ˰һ߷ס˿
ͷֽϣȻ̧ͷãȻؿ˿̱ڵϣҵ̫ӡ
߳Ѳһ˲ضߵİ硢˰绹ֱʮ˵ûˡ
ʮ˰վûܵȵ׻ȥһ棬ôزˡ
Źһ˳ʵزҺһ߲۽ǣһ߲סظĨǰغ󱳣ϡūۻϡ
̧̧֣ʾ˶˳ȥŹź
̫ūǰֳ̫ŵأ˺ü£ȴȻû
ڰæ̫ʱ˶ܿһ㣬֮

ӣİȥ飬ԶԶǱ߶ѾĲµʲô¡
İһū׼߲ɳˮ衣
Ѳ⣬ԵĶǿҰζȵĶ̲裬İˡ
߲ɳˬɿڣɳӳտռóģСװ棬װڴɹ·ҲǴŵġ
ˮ裬زĹӡɿڣζеɳ֭ûɳ֭ôᣬġ
۶üӡ
Ȼȵҹʱİˡ
ʱ˯ˣ˸ҹèӣо񣬲ӣ˵ȥȻͷְൽС
ˣ
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İӣ˵Ϣһ̫ӽǵûʰŭ
һʮ˰ûȵĻزˡ
˵⣬İ̾һֺһˮ衪ζһֻ֮˲١
˶٣Ŷӣ˵Σʮ˰Ѷ̫ӡĻֻ»ϵҪ̫ӡ
Ƕʰǳ˼ˡ
˵ʱȻ޲ȴ쳣Ĺâ͸
ϵǣһȫ
ʰԺ󻹻ʲô⣿ֻʲô״
ưɡ
ӣһİ˵һоǵưɡ
ʮ˰鵲һΣ̫һΣ군ˡ
İԼУ뵽ӣǰӶԼҪ̫ߡ
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ټѲ⣬֮У˶׽˼֡
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ӣøԼΪִԽԲ֪ᷢʲô£ָֻ衣
ָԼһ
İ²裬֣ϵԼǰƽһİ˶ϥԼ䣬뵽ʮ˰ϾոزۣɫӣԴ⼸վͲҪúĴˡ
ӣ˼һ̫δʮ˰زۣʱ˭ȥϲأǾɵˡ

ʮһµصʱ򣬵ۼڻصϽǡ
ΪǵһϵʽѾˣ˭֪ȥʱ鷳ӭӵĹԱ޿˵ʮ˰زۣ뵽ϵʹģԿء
Ŵ黳Ӿ͵ˡ
Ȼһϵлعʽȵڰȴһ̹û׫飬ء̫縲ʾ£ʽ̫ӡ
ĸ˵֮˹ųƲТ޼λ½ڼ죬òѥһԶޣΪ㣬ȡԤ£°ҹңѡԴ˲Т֮Ϊҵͣ
ʥּ£Ұ𶯡


525 

ʮĻ̫ӣһ´Ӷλϳ׵нרƥĹ𡪡Ժձڣ֮Ǩ̰
̫Ӹոձнʱ򣬿صֱİǰȥء
̫ӷ񲣬ڹ״ټֱƬֻ̫Ŀϴ
İȰ˵һֱҪԡ
ˣ̫ӻǱ̼öѰ̼ͷ
ҿ϶ϴһңƴסˡ
ͬʱҲûкùԴӷ̫֮նû˯á
İ֪ѹÿն밲ʱ̫̫ӻȱʲôҲ̫ްš
ԵİȻˣɵضһѺ
ʮ綼̲סȰ˺üΡ

˰ĺá
һʿ£˵λ󳼿࣬ھǺ
̫ӱ֮󣬰˰΢Ҳȥ¡
¸ոտ˰˰磬һȻݡԺȻС󡱡
˰ѾΪˣ˵һѾ˳˲ܵĸ󣬿»˵ԺС󡱡
⡰ָĵʲô
Զ
˰ؿԼô뿪֮ˡ
ð˸Ҫ֮ǰΪ͹澳һһΰ˰˸ȴؾͺŰ˸˵Ҫúף
ʮ˰ϾոزۣԲˣֻܹţԼ˳һٷˡ
˸Ӽ˭ǰһ˭Ц˵Ҳ˰Ҳ⡣
Աſʹ͵ò澣˰Ȼո
һȴ⡣
²˵Ҫ󡱣ʾ˵һλ÷ˣ񼫺ã
˰ǻϲ
˸Ȼ֮ԱǣȴǸ˵ģּ˰Լֻ΢Цԣװջ鶼סˡ
˰û䣬Цˡ
˰߹ȥס˸ļ򣬽ЩЦáһԽãԽ֣ҪĶԭô򵥡
ֻҪļʤȴƽ

İԺԴӷ̫֮󣬸Щסˡ
̫ô¶ֲǶϷȻܾٸ
ô֮λãǸ˭ƨȥ
ȥֱźʡ
ûʲô󵨵ֻ뵽ֱԼүϵǢһ
ԽԽţİʱ򣬾ܿ־ٴУһӾ衣
̫̰УܹӦһǰȻжɣ˳
ʹ಻Զ
̫˼ҹΣμȻʺʹ޶ѣͣϴ档
۾ϲˡ
ֱʹʮֵĹأ̫ӱϾ̫ӡЩ״ܿ촫˻
ˣĬȻá
̧ͷʱϻʵֱµ

ֱϢƨҲסˡ
ˣˣʰǣ飬ٸ̫ӣҲδ֪
Դ̫ӱϣһֱŶ֮λԼأѼˣ
ֱż֮£ȥѰ˸ʡ

Ǭ幬Ǭ幬ˮ£ڵǰϣһƬӰ
֮УŹڿߣüۡ
Ǿĵġ
ԴѲң̫˽֮󣬿㲻ˣվڴ֮еģѡѡĺٵļ̫๬Ů
ֱڵ£Դͣʰʴȣֻ̫Ӿ̰δɷ̫ӵ鲼Ұ̫Ӳ塢׽аƧȥΪ˲ΣȨ꺦Ըʰ֣
󻺻վӸµظԼӡ
ֱ棬ûΪǱԼ˵ˡ
ڴٳɣֵԸʰ֣
һ۾·ա
βջߣƽƽעֱɳɤӵʲô֣
ŹȻվں棬ȻѾˣ亹µ
ֱûвΣգֻǳڶ֮λֿɵõĿϲ֮Уʱӿʰ֣̫ӣʰ걳֮߱
û˵ŹѾˣϥһ·ȥǰȱס˿Ųغϣ
ִֽԼƲؼߵֱǰȻ̧һţݺݶֱ߹ȥ
ֱ⧲һ˶ˤ˵ϡ
üҪ̫ӣ˶㣬ֵܣ㲻Ͼ壬飬ݣȥ޹
ֱŴˣȵӦƨҪ˳ȥȴһȣ


526 İн

ֱûӣֻվס˽ţ̧ͷֻʰԼֻ֪˼ҹʲô޲˸㣺꼱磬޾Ϊ̫֮⣡
ֱ˫ĿԲɣڴ΢ţƺлҪ˵Ȼֹҧ˸ͷ֪
س˰ֱ֣ٲ˵һ䣬˳ȥ
ۼųѾԶҲ̲סеܣϱһҵĿԡ
ŹϽǰĨأǸϵһС̫౧һȥֻꡣ
˺ð죬ص硢İ硣
ŹͷҪȥ룬ȴֲ˼䡪һ£гĻӶˡ

ڰΪʲô¶ʰͷ˵Ҫ˾н¡
ȻˣνġнҲ̫Ĺص̰ȥǸ˻ص˸ۡɼͣŲ
һ£ǶЩɶͷԣǷ̫ӱҲˣȻڻַʲô
İȴסʰǿ˳İ֮䣬侮ʯ޲УԴλĲпᡣ
ԶǷǳʧˣԲҪʱнֹֻҡ
Ƿ̫ӣȻֱӶĴ
ʰûа취ٽֵܳˡ
һ㣬İͷ͹츸ּ
ʮ϶ĸģİһž͹ˡ

нıոӣѵõС
ӣǰİദҹ繣΢İҪϴ׼빬ġ
һȴˡ
ͺȻʮ٣ֺñȱڼҡ
ʱһӾͶ
İ絹ҲûţȻּнڼ䲻ɼͣóǰſдԼżһϸϸж
һ߶ţһİнӶһ£ɵվǰĬĬس
Ǳߣ֪İ˸ò澻֪ʹ͵輧ֳʹΣ
οİҲѹû輧ϣᶼᣬͷβʢڰŵġ
ţ׻Ǻ棬ĥʲôʱ˰ľƵʲô
˸ʱӣ밲ʱæؾ˰ľˡ
ľɫƫڣİ縮ôЩ죬ûñףˡ
Ҳѿ٣Գһֱ顣
ĸһľ˺һ˲ĩˣ͸ˣϷһľһ衣
ľ֪ǽˣҲɫԺΪĵ㣬Ըӣ赸ֵ͵󷽡
ȻҲ֮С
Աɨ˺üӣͿ޲ֻŲյ֮صľ衣
Ҳýζ
Щ㬣ȵľһ΢Щع밲˻ȥˡ
ָָӣ͹Ҳȥรһ·ү
ľݱ΢⻰תӣǰ
һ·Ҳλรʢ裬ǸĽɫɵС֡
վӣ棬֪ĸǴĸԼµģ΢΢ָ߬
ӣ²յľ밲ʱ΢΢˵
˵ȴ棬ʢߵС̫˹һٽţſվסˣֻ۾ӣ˵ֲ˵ӡ
⾰ֻһۣˡ
İȥϵԺûˣѰˡ
ӣվˡ

ԺſڣȻİվԺУַڻ֮ϣ΢΢
һͷӣˣЦž͵ѵүڸȴûɡ
ӣߡ
Ϊϳ밲ļȴصĽģʱŴһ졣
µĺʱ˽
ӣһ£ϽūְѴˡǵĶתۼ俵ʮҪȥˡ
ūСȦӣ̸ʿʿ˲ٱ飬Ѿġ
ӣڴԽ֮ǰÿȦζ̫壬еĻ飬ÿǺÿǸˡ
ԼAPPѧ̨ȫһҧȥƤִһɿڣڿлһֱĸо
Ҳѡ
ŷţΡۡĸۡȡ
͡ѷ֮Ž͹ըƣȻٽƺͰǡ׵ۡݾһȽС̹ճ״
ļȦʹ󹦸ˡ
Ϊ˿ڸиãڱͰһʱдƤܵĿڸС䣬ǱˣȶҪůȥ岻á
ǣôذ̶˳ˡ


527 ֮˯

ϲƷģʱѾȲˣȲԱߵš
İ۰СŮԴЩпǵǵġ
ӣһȦݸŮԼҲһͽûŰеȦˣתͷС֣Ȧݸס
İŮֳˡ
ųţˣòóԶû
ӡȦ֪
ӣ֪İʱŷ̫Ӻֱ飬ǿ˿ʾŮҪŰˡ
͡Լ°ɡ

رƽȴһƬҵٹա
һΪʮ˰زۣΪ̫ӡ
ʱ䣬͢£Ķ۷׷ס
ԭȽϣѺֱϵĵǣʱֱȡ֮λʧ֮£Ƿ׷Ѱµıӻ
ѡ˰˰硣
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ҪӴ̫ƽΨдˡ
ֱҲû̫ǰԱҲƼ˰磬µ鶼˵˳ܴʿΪ˵ܿ࣬˵˵ܴ󡣡
ԣԱߣֱ˵Ҳûǳɵþʹ󼱣ƴɫ
׻ǳһ
ֱ⻰һ˵ͻ¡
˴ŭ¸ץ˽һֱǰ̴֮˵˻Ұ磬Ժ֮ʿٲǽύ
İڱոϢֱȻԻʰ˵ʿ֮¡
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İĽǶֱĶ
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ǰ˰ͱ͵˵ʱĻɣҲֱط|ĸ
仰˵ӣСʱһġ
ôһʱ꣬ټϰ˰⡰ве¡ֱţ˰յ϶֮λ϶ϲ
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ֱϾжǰȥ磬Ҳ֪ǰһӣ˰һ¡ߣ׼ȷ˵Ūɳ׾
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Ƕ԰˰ܴΣǰ˰εһһ£Ȼ¹ΣȻǰΡ
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˿˰ã˭޾ɱ˭
˵̶ϣͺܾˡ
İŴԣ֪ʰȻǾнڸ£ǵ˰ˡ
ȻŸһ죬ټڻӾۼǬ幬רΪ԰˰ĴҲΪ˾氢ǣȻ̫ӱϣǴҶҪؼҪģǷ֮롣
ⶫ֮λԸ˭ɲð
ʵ۷̫ӣֱ¶֮ǰİʵԤеġ
ǰ˰ȻҲô̵ʱڣԼԼƵǱľأİȴûϵ
ӣԺ֮У΢Ĭվİָѡ
İջҪΪӦʰ١
İ翴óеǣȴװµӡ
ƫƫװҲװãüͷŵġ
ӣ֣͵Լǣүܿͻ

Ǭ幬У
ǶŰ˰һٺݺݵָ˵Ҫ
ʱʢһĻֵʮİ磬̾ͳͷˡ
ڿǰһӣһۣͶԻʰ˸޴ģӵԸ֮


528 ׯ

Ա߹ŵİŰˡ
˸û
ʮİֳţ»ƣһ䣬˵ڰ˰ǰһֳģ
벻ǣŰҲĳˣŻʰչʾʾ֮ͬ⡣
ҪͰ˰ͬ
ڿҪͬʱһеʶ˰ĳ̶ȣԶԶĳ̶ȡ
һθеԼţŶ֣ѵ룺ڰ統˼ΪνּȼУʼΪ֮εĲ԰
ʱǰʮİ;Ű԰˰ƴάÿе˶Լľսв
ʮİ;Ű绹棬ʮİ硪һҪвջسԲܴ˰ģ
ҲˡȻս˥ϣȻһŵȴûϡ
͵վпעǰʮİ磬漴͵һ֣а嵶
ȳʣɫ⣬ɭɭ֮УλеСģѾŵ̲סͺ
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尢һӦŵһϥǰƴ˫֣رס˸׵˫ȡ
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İ΢΢ָֻ߬亹
ŲһµĹ⾰Ѿô¡
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ֻ˭಻ס޷粨

ϻصİ練ľȥӣͺţʹȥ
ܸ˺͸һֻһƵСС˴Ҳһ仨һŸ¶аЦݣ꣬ǲֻҲúЩ˰ɡ
ʵԺ֮Уûв˵صģֻ׳ޣβܷ
ǵ˿СҲѾĳ˻䳤ȣҷ
İŮ⻰ﵹ΢΢˶֮Уܣղ֪£ׯȥһա
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˾͸˵ֱ˵϶㡪ΪһѲбû϶㣬һڸô죬Ѿܹµˡ
һȥׯӣ˵ʲôҲҪ϶ͬС
İͷŮСԴض΢΢һЦġ
ںͺͺSΪŹ鷿ѧҵҪչˣȻͲȥˡ
һﶼ˲ˣյľȥ˵Ҫȥׯϡ
ˣҲ¶һ˿嵭Цݣ֮ص𣿡
ͷ͸ͣھвٴׯӣһȥһϻǶһҹ
ʵߵĲԶʲô£Ҳܻ
һ˵һŮӾͿʼʱҪʲôˡ
ӣİ˵Ҫͺȥׯ棬Ҳһ
ʱԶǷ֮أδһȷѡ
ҵ׼׼İ
İͷֻǶӣ䣬Ҫ̫࣬ҲȥһձѲСȺйЩһ
ΪԼҵĵ̣ҲԸһЩؾ

İǸжɣǰһ˵ˣڶ磬Ѿſڵˡ
⻻һӦѣɫ嵭ġ
޷ϵҲֻһССı
˿žһССӭƵģſɰ
ӣźԼҲϣİ絹ûͷһˡ
ӣתͷŴķ羰һһӹİֻǱĿһ·Ĭز˵֣΢ֲڵָ΢΢ĥ
Ȼ뿪˱ոʲôĶ֪ġ
ķ羰ıÿѾ˳ˣһׯȥ
Ŷ֣ŮһߣͷϵӣһȽϻơ
˼СӿɰԥľͰӸˡ


529 ĺ

һ·Χ֮أвٻׯׯӣеľ뼫濴һƬ
ǲϸֱ棬Ϊһׯӡ
һׯһֱǻҾõҪɲ֣רŷڻҵׯ԰ӵ˽ءڡƷȶʵռк֧䡣ׯϵ룬һ㲻Ҳϵǵ˽ͷ³ȨʱҲὫׯӵڹ¡
֡ѵȣͲʡ
İȻǵׯӣʵǰҲǻׯ
ǻʵ۲ָǵġ
ׯ࣬ҲϸճƷΪͬ𣬱ׯׯׯ԰Ⱥɽϲ԰ݽׯȵȡ
ʤ
İһδӣ񡢶ȥׯӾı˽һϲ԰
ϲ԰һص㣺ߣׯУܿһȪˮƽӿ
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ۡ
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УЩǿۼӵģѧϰд֡
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˵ıԣֻάάԼˡ
ʰ棬ΪΪȨΪΪǵТġ
ҲΪʲôʮİвʰ˰˰ʱ򣬻ʰԥ嵶Ҫɱʮİ硣
Ҫܣ޾͸ܵף
ѵ
޲ܱκв׶Ҳܣ
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Ϊף尢ǲԼ֮߱ʮ˰֮ʧһӣŪһƬѪӰճ
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˰Խве¡ڳԽ֯𣬶ڿ˵Խܻľ֮ġ
û˰¶ġ㡱ȷǶ̫Ӧþ߱ʡ
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ڼӣūǵһˮ裬ԼˣֵݸİͺǼ
ôһ·ڵׯſڡ
ׯӵĹׯͷѾȺ򰢸үһˡʱһ˹һȺūŸϽӭȥ򰲵Ĺ򰲣˦ӵ˦ӡ
ӣС񣬱˴ӵ
ҲΪůԾѾʱڣȥһƬͣƵģ˹֮԰һƬ泩
ؾǰܣۿӰ첻ˣӣ㡣
ͷӣܶµؾͼ׷ǰȥץס֣ãһ㣡
תͷŶЦЦ㣬ȥѽ
ĬĬͷá
ﵣġ
Ѿûжˡ
Ľ㡪жڹ㡣

ӭӽׯӣӣͿӭ淿Ӷש߷ͱոݻȻ󲻿ȣȻ֮ϡ
ׯ࣬һǲַһΪζԶԶģֻ˻
ǰߣ䣬͵Ĺϲ԰
ֻˣ˼Ҫˣعܵӣǰ־ͽסǿȥ˵أ
ӣͷͿԼѱŮһ˫Сץýģطˡ


530 

һ˵һ߾קӣ֣Ѷ˹԰Ϲȥ
ӣںİ˵Ůһĵĸǰ˼ͷЦžͿİȥһǡ
شӦˣתҪǰܣӣһתͿ񰲾վԱߡ
ֹȥԼһֻůס˶ļ򣺡ߡ
ׯ֮УׯҪͶׯΪһһңׯ
Щׯкܶ඼Ｎׯӵġ
統꿵ƽ֮Һ󣬾ׯӡ
ΪЩ˶Ǹˣңǲòӡ
仰˵ȻֻǸߣչﲻׯӡ
ΪİҪรСǹׯϵׯǣͱ˻رܣһƬϲ԰ĵģֻĿЦ
С⽺īһҲˣ԰ǿҿ˺ü֮Сװڹ˹
ոհѹӵŸ򿪣С⽾ֵҰڹϲ˵ﾡ
һܣһС⽻ϵ˦βͣ·Ӽһ𣬲ٲ˹ÿһʱ򣬾һ޵ѩš
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īں涼׷ˣֱл
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СС˵ĺ̾͵ת˷򣬸Сһ˹ȥȻڿеֱĻ
ֱײ˵ϣС⽣ЦĶҪˣקС⽵Ķ䣬תԶЦ㿴ÿηʱ򣬶Ҳˣ
ӣԱߣǿˣ޹
һİˣĳ֣ǿˡ
﹡ԱվһͿӣߡ
ϲߣūǷӣİˣֹԷԼߣȻͳп˵û뵽ׯ԰ôġ
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Сһ˱һֻ˺һſʼժϹ߲ˡ
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ӣԱߣΪİƽʱţȻҲڱոС԰Щټֲ϶
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һ߻شһ꾡ĶԺǽͣƩֲʵҩֲ΢ܶԡ
ӣеԾˡ
϶ź飬ȴֺǺǵֱɵЦ
ӣеԾˡ
ȵϢʱİȥȪˮȻһȪۣȵˮ뵣Ǽůġ
־ڳˮв˲óЩˮֽԼժ˲ɹմȾȪˮϴϴ
İȥһׯͷ˵ӣ¶ƤСԵȥһ߻ش񲻶⣬һ־ʶؾס˶񱳺ӡ
ūҲϽˣͬūŹรͷЦŽͣ˵Ȫˮǳзա
ڵͷˮȻ;úйԼץסˡ
ͷһƣſһֻϸϵӨȻ⡣
รץء
죬գգ۾

Ƕø˼ˣҲۼˣ·ϹȫҶҲ⡣
ҿӣȼ֮ȴ˻ϴѺͻϴþߣׯרǻõŮӼ򵥲ϴͲӣְͷһ飬ѡ

С⽺ī˴죬ܲ·ˡ
ī۵ãİߣתͷñС⽵ʾ
СſСˣǲḽһֻɫС
Сһ־ͰС⽸Ȼתö
ȥ·ϣ󲿷ֹϹǷں⳵ϵģ˵ֻĹϹһЩصӣڱոࡣ
Ͷ໥ˣͷͷ˯ˡ
ӣºȥּСϣҴˣŴż紵⿴
֮⣬Ѫ
ıոǰİְŮȺŶӣ˵Ȼظȥ
Ҫȥһˡ
ӣ˾Щ㶣ͷ˿Ϲ⳵ĺ«òҪЩ͸ɣ
˯ˣʱӣߣһ־ͱס˯ʵذСԴֱȥ˯
ӣͷοŮСԴû˵ȴֻһȣһ˫Сֱ
תͷͿҲסԼ
һӶĸơ


531 꺮

һžʮũҷζˡӣʿСŷūǣׯϲժĹϹһһɲȡ
еķζ嵭һЩϣҲһ
İϻӣûü˵Ϳɫڲסļ
飬ӣҲˣİԱ£ɵĴ̣ۻƵĴ⣬ѩһ
İһӳˡ
Ѿûǣһˬζİˣ뵽һ£ȥǰ鷿Ѻͽл
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ǰͶ밲İ֮İͶӸһСһվǰ
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İиϢҵĺNͬ׽Ǹӣ͸ûˡ
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ӵϲøȾİ磬ҲŻЦĺ͵ļ򣺡ȥɣСӣ
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ӣȴˡò׺͹᲻öϾôͷء
үվ΢ϳİ
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ӣ˰̺ͲٺóԵĶ˹Ȼ˵ԼѾùˣŶĹϹʣҲɵؿ˺üۣʶЩǲǰһժģ
˵أҲˡ
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͵˵ͷ
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šһףȻֱС̧֣ͷźָͣһλ߹ƾ˲࣬ѰҪ߰ɣ
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ϽͶŸĸǱߵ꣬ҪҺ͸˵Ļأ

İûôעǣſӣһ绹Ҫɵؾڵƻ΢΢
ŵūżǰյѾˣҪһѣรҡҡ֣ȥˡ
ӣİ飺̫ӱǶյĿʼ
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ӹ൱̼ÿȡһֵܡ
¶밲οİ磬ȴûο
ӣ룬뵽̫ӵ飬סİ֣ˣοҲҹ
İ䲻ðôһ䣬תͷӣ
ӣֻ˵һ䣬Ͳ˵ˡ

ڶ죬˭û뵽ǣȴˡ
ǶΪ̫Ӻ֮ľƣͷĿѣ
̫ҽæ鿴֮˵Ƿ纮ָϽҩץҩȥ
ʱֲΪ˱Ĳɿ֣ǿźҩŲ壬ȥ˳
Ƿ׷׶̫ӵ£ҲԶԼС̣ڸߴϣ˺ü
ǿȴûʲô˽˼ڹĿĲϡ
˾ļˣɢ̫֮ҽǴҪ￴Ҳ˳ȥ
İ翴״ǰȥ¾ͿȰ˵ʰ겻壬ܷȥֺ
ǰطGһſɬڸеһ˿顣
ǣûһҩ꣬ͬڰ಻סͶԿйڷ̫ӵ飬ʰ꣡
İԱţָ΢΢
ղۼŸ³ΪһƽƽĹˡ
û뵽ӹ̼
˵仰ֿһİ磬Ȼϣܹʱ뿪Լͻʰ굥Ի


532 İѸ

һİ磬ȴûӦָֻƵؿڣüͷĵˣ֪壬˵ʲô˵ڻرܡ
ǿһκڶİ͡
طGп
תͷһĸ磬ЩΡ
̧ͷͶſʰֹ֪֮꣬ףΪ͵͵ʤ֮Ժ˶ԣ
ʤָոһڣվˡ
һֽ֮ϣض磬˻ɤӵ˵ʲô
棬ʰɫҲЩη壬Ǽϣò
֪ǲĴܾûʰȻ͸һ˿ϲúȻ
ͷȥһĭһľ˵˵ֱ۲̫֮λʵѾܾˡ
̫ӻûϵʱֱ˵һɹֽͺ¡óʤ
ֱѴУɹͼ̫ӡ
ٲã̫־ԣ治֮£˻ʰҲá
̫֮λȻ͸ˡ
һһָ΢΢
ʤ֮ӹ񡪡֮Уһֱз
꣬Ϊʤ֮һŭ˷ʬ̫ݼ׹ݣҪԱСȫ
ƸʱеҲʺߣʤ֮ƵƸگϺ
һ˵꣬ͷڵϣ̧ͷʰɫֻʰȭͷյÿ졣
ѹ֣ѹ֣
ѹ谮̫ӻ䣬Ȼ·𲻼ǵ⼸ʮĸһ㣬ԭԭģ
ĺӣôˣ
֮һƬ˲ĳţɽ¥Ŀֲ
Źڷ˵ҪҪʰʱ򣬾ѾѴūȫϳȥˡ
İڵϰΣʰҧһһֵشӿ³ּ⣬İȥֱסѲ顣
İվٶֻ΢һ㣬Ѿŭغ˳ҳӣк飿̱ȥ

İǬ幬ĿȥͿϽԶߣܲһƬǦɫĲƣֱѹ˴
ϽѾƮСѩ
ѩĳ٣붬Ժĵһѩ
ֱУׯϵѾ͹ˣʳ˹˵ϵƤӡϡҩģװʮ
ճ£ֱǽƽѻشųӺ塣
֮ϣڰӽѩ÷
һδˣŮŵ̶̲衣
ˣȥ̲裬ֱִϣרġ
Żû˵ūžܹ˵ıүˡ
ֱ΢΢һüΪİԼˡ
˵ˣŵ̧ͷֱɫܲؾ;һ´ǣıү˲ˡ
ֱġ⡱һ£³˳
ߣİ
ֵǰԺ棬ֱһЦضİģ
İ翴һ²Ĺ⾰ֱ˺ܶࡣ
Ҳü塢޷΢˪ֲϣ˵ľһӾͿˡ
硣İһĭ뵽ԼҪ£ѵؿ˿ڡ
ֱ֮⣬͸³˳
İ촽ɴؾͰѻʰּ˵һ顣
ֱɫһƬҰס
ܿ죬ֵ׵ľʿѾʤ֮һص鷿˳
ߡߣģ֪ģĴ£ֱ촽İܻ
ոϸղѾŵöںˣʱ˷ʲô£ڵء
·ͬСɡӴԺ󣬱ǶŮҲûָ
ſεŵҲɵÿǰȥקϣôˣѣ
ʣµĲรǣû˵ոĹǣȫ޿䣬ҳһƬ
ֱתͷţֻķң۾һͳͳ죡
ŵȫ̲ס
ֱžʿǿϵ⣬վŵǣ޶ǵĿ޽
İ𣬹ŲӺģ
ִ³ؾͳİؿڴһȭ
İӲˣѪ֮ľֱһȭֺݣİһӻһΣƺһ
ʢĶҪˣ
ںƵģһ¾ʹȥİǰ
ҲΧеİǰģҲкְϣĿֱġ
Ƕˣֱȥ
ȥ
Ӧ˵ǰΪġơҲһλ
ֱ뵽ʰԼ˵Ǿ䡰޲˸㣺꼱磬޾Ϊ̫֮⣡
Ŀʹ
ʼգǸǣƵƽһ롣


533 ˸

·ϣֱһֱ˵ɫȥһ仰
ʱܷܲģȻҲֻжˡ

ʱѾǬ幬ǰ
ֱңѾǵԼôһһǬ幬С
ڱ󣬻عͷֱ
ôһ˲䣬ȻֱӰ˷̫ӡ
ͬǣ̫Ǳ͸һɲƽ֮
Ǳԩί
ֱɨһ۾Ϳˣ顣
⡰顱ʵ޺̫ӵ
һ·ֱЩʶŲŲӡ
ŲãôһŲֱʱˡ
ͱ˵
ǿѹ½ҪƵ̶ŭ⣬İ˰֡
İ׸ʵ˼˳
ոߵſڣǰѾһɹװˣҴҵǬ幬
İѩض˵Ȼǻʤ֮Ǹɹˡ
İ۳ǰǴȥʱѾײײشˡ
³ͻȻûü޷ϲΡ

ӣڸܿ˵ֱ顣
ڲӦýֱˡ
ֻܳƺһ󰢸硣
󰢸翤ϼӿأڸڸǽڣĽ
û˵Ľá
һӡ
˵ﵱս飬ûֱ˵£ֻ𱸴󰢸СͲТ˳лĸϥµʱ١
Сʱˣ˵֮
ѹûʲôʱТ
ǿô󰢸ȥס˼
Ȼʢŭ֮£ؾ˴󰢸

İһ߸ӣ˵һչ۰ԼĴ멽¡
ѩʢ涼һס
İûӣ̫飬Щ齲͸ˡܹ׵ġ
οΣ
ԱˣİɨһϵĲˣ;ûʲôθڡ
ӣķ׼ĲģԺʼնεŽȥѸʱ򣬴󰢸ۿ˻ģ
ӣأתͷԸūǽϵСȥҲҪˡ
ֻ˺ࡣ
Ǳ̵ģ׺˿Ǹ̿ζ
ʮν
İ˼ӣθڽˡ
ͺѾùˣԱߡ
ϾСһЩ֪ķ꣬߸˵ֻʰŵȥʲôʱ֡
ȴѾˣ֪մڹ顣
ˡܴ󡱵顣
ſӣֹ꣬
ǵͷĬĬغˡ
ùţ˲İյһھ˵ҪǰԺ鷿һˣӣȷԸūˮ

ʢİǰ鷿Ϳүֱ߽ݺСãϴ־֮̾һ¡
Ͽʼˡ
ǳġ
ʢһֱ棬İҾ˶ˣþİ硣
ֱ¶ܹү
ܡ
ֱԼɻ
İž
һһ˼ȴɿƮƿˡһθ淢νְ˵
˵󰢸⵹̫ӣǴĻǣ˶Ѫ
ô˾٣ֱɣظڴ󰢸棬˸ˡ
ȻѾ֪ʤ֮£ֺͷ̫ӡáΪʲôڷ̫ǰҷֱ
Ҫȵ̫ӱϣֱŶ֮λʱ
ĸǿʢʮϣΪĹϵҲܵÿϲ
ڿУûлӿԱȹĵӡϵĻ̫ӡ
ڿûаѶֱ֮ڿ֮ǰ˶ΪΨһܹ̫ӵλĻӣֻһˡ
ǾǴ󰢸硣
Ϊ󰢸粻ǳӣҾ
οЩʱ򣬻ΪľӪꡣ
׵úܣԼʹԶ֮λʲôеĻ룬Ҳд󰢸εصԼǰžеϣ
ǻڶ֮λǿſ֮ģûֹͣ
ֱ˷ֱ̫̫֮ļ˿ͷС
ѡʱáʤ֮һУȻٺʲĽˡ
󰢸ǳӣ̫Ƕӣŵľˡ
󰢸ͷ̫Ӷ̨֮ģ˭
ңҷֱһôԵ壬ʼնվ̫һߡ
ʹ̫ѾϣҲڼءά̫ӡ
̫ʲʺ̫һ£֮նϵһ¡
ˣ۷̫ӻ᲻ᱻڿУŨīزʵظһ֡


534 ů

һ̫޷Լְ洦
飬ֱƣ渴̫ӣҲ̫ӵĹϵԸ淢֮£һȹ̫ߵĵλ
һǿĵ˭ᡣ
һǿѣ˭ϲˡ
İ뵽Ŀ΢΢磬硭
λһĺīĶţ߾ۼһʿӡ˲磬˼ȥǰ㵭

İϣվ³һ
ӵĻλ˹ݵģȨϡ
ʹΪӣҲѵֿǸԼջ
̫ӵıϣ˶յĻⳡ¶ɲĿ
޳
İ米վڰС΢΢촽˺һ£Ȼ͵ӣڵ
Ȼϲ˵İܿóһֱڵ
İعţʢԺתơ
էȻүʢϽܹˣСรڵء
İ̧žԺȥ
ӣǱߣİеǣȻſڵ̨ϣϹźĵĶ񣬷ñҲˣ˿ŸСһ
ūΧԡ
ﱧŲ֪ʲôİͱˣܹһͷ׵ĻȻȺ¯İ磺꣡
ԭһֱûȥӣΪ˵Ͼղߵʱֻ˵ȥѡ
İһ¾εĲˡ
΢΢סŮС֣Ůߡ
´βҪſڵȰ꣬䡣İͷ
̧СһЦŬ̽Ӻ棬ԼıҪжҵůأ
ʲô
İһûɵľһ䣬ӣҲӭӳˣ⻰ʱЦˡ
İͣνůµĲʷԲεСȻ
ůͺһ
Ҳﲻ͸硣
İˣ˼¸ײףò״ӱϾһƬůٸ߸߾͸׿꿴
ӣԱߣİ罫ŮůУȥϸ˺ü飬ɵؾЩЦ
ûůء
񿪿İӣһߣһ߾̧ͷضԸ׵ĵůǰů
(*^^*)
İһϸ׵Ķˡ
ϴ֮ӣūȥûϴѣİվں棬͸ʵĵӰӣָūǵıӰأ˵
ֻһƬ
ȵ˶ūŷ˴ӣŵ˳İְӣŵӹˣ˲ˣȹˣٳȥ
ӣŪİǰĿӣָⲦŪſϵŦᡣ
İͷһۣὫӣִԼؿŲһ˿εЦݣ
ѱģ͸ϴԡػܴ⡣
ӣȻ֡
תĹرŽбӣİ磬ʵʵ׼˯ȴİ§ס˼ͷ
˸ǣЦĶôˣ
ӣ§סĲӣȻʵү꣬Һͺǽ׼˰ɣ
İһ׹ӣ˼ʵʽǲһý
Ͼﶬ֮ʷô飬һ׮һ׮˶
뵽ʰɫİ֣΢΢̾˿
һƬƲ治֪ꡪǸô

ڣӵ˳Ϧ
꣬еĽףһʮ¾Ϳʼˡ
ÿʮ³һգС͸ǡױд֣ʹ͸Լ󳼣ʾӡ͸֮⡣
ǽȻдҲûǸдˡ
幬֮УƣڳϦӣ˳ϦǰʮңоͿʼȼű´
̻Ҳбڡһһ֡
¶ʮ֮󣬰չĹأӳ빬ÿһţڼҪűһö
ɫ㲣ڳۿţţֻñֶġ
̧֣ŹȥĹǣȫѱͣˡ
Ǭ幬ΧѾϵơ
չĹأϹٵƣ¹ƣҾ޴Ľֵɫ˽Բƣ￴žѾʮϲˣƵʱȥϼ·˼䡣
ţͷ·Ϲڣ֪Ϧꡣ


535 

´꣬ӣĸ˹
ȻҶСġรһС΢̸ûУһСľ仰˵ˣ׽ס˰ѱ
ڶߣڹϿɫɫѾƻƵˣǻʱĳӦϷиɫ̻Ѿˡ
֮УȻ֣ȴ١һȥӰ涼ӡ
ڹǰش󣬵ƴˡ
ϲ̻ˣ۰Ͱ͵ĵ˺óʱ䣬òڿŹȥʾ귨
귨Щɺǿص˵ͷ
΢΢СԴ
й꣬ڵĻܶ࣬غұ⣬еƺڡ̻ɽˮȵȡ
ȼҲרŵ˸𡪡Ǭ幬̫һִ¿̫г˽̫ڵ̫һ
̫רżලȫ֡
֮Уһŵıں̻;ܴﵽö
ӣոձรʱ򣬵һʸ꣬ûѶˡ˵ᡭ
ͽϰˡ
Щ̻һ˾ʣһǹ͢רĻıڣ㡢󡢷ŵʱ䳤ʽҲࡣ
Ͼȼ̻չЩΣյġǹм컨ڴרżලڵֹ̰ܻߡ͵ϡ
궼Ǻúõģŷţȴˡ
Ǭ幬ǰ棬ըһС̫ࡪĲңСƶըˣȥġ
Ա˶߶µĹȥͿС̫һѪģ
ҪǣС̫µʱǿǿʰ飬ŴߣվǬ幬̨ϣտøʱ
۾Ŀôһ׮
컨ڴĸǴ񸮴ѡɻļ޹٣ǰ˰絣ܹУ˺üε¡
˰ʿһ֮ѾǵÿմŭΪԣ־
ڣ̻粻££ƫƫڿ̨׵ʱ򡭡
ʵں˲롣

ܿ죬̻˳˾ıڡ
չأڵİװ涼Ϸý֣䵽컨ڴȻĵղȵʱʹá
ҲΪˣڵΣȨȫղĹԱˡ
ᣬϻڵͬʱҲḽϡТ
ֻǮƽ
Ҳ˼
컨ڴĹԱȻеֶζԸЩӲͷ
νԴγãɱʥݺԷ;䣬

ʮ壬д硣
İһ˴ӹϻͬ硣
Խıոķȥ˾ԽԽ࣬粽С
ȻӣʱĶҲ̲סԼߣúſ⿴ˡ
İ΢΢סͷ˿ӣ͸ֿǰ˳
ʮǸģԱ߾͵ĸ磬ǻ·ɣǰ̫ࡣ
òȫ
㿪ʱ򣬺˺ˣĵܣ
İһͷͿһȹˡ
ʮæ񣺡硣
һЦʮļġ
ŵĶʮһ
ڹ˲٣һŰ͸죬˾ãֱͬɵһ㣬˵Ҳʮ㣺ĵܣôŻȥ
İ˼ƺԼһۡ
ʱ΢һһѿ
ѣ練ԽİǰȥҲק͸ȥ
ģֱˡ
һߺζУһ߾˵Ϊ̫֮ǰĹϵʵ̫Ƕʱ䣬ʰĵǰ˽˺üη̫յΪ
İţ뵽֮ǰʰ˵ططiȻϵãȻȴδطiΪԲ
һ£һաˡ
˵˵ţʼ赭дģģʹ
Ȼ΢΢סתͷȥһ˲תʱѾɫ糣
İЦȻ䲻ؾ͵ĵܣֵ֪ô롣
˵ţ۹ҲʮɨһȦ
ʮſգϣֻװɵԽԽ죬Խǰȥˡ
ȻҲ̸ˡ
ۼֱףİ絹һʱ
һֳϣ΢΢üϿǰȺ۹˳лɨɨصϡ
룬Ӧлû˵ꡣ
Ȼؿһۣĵܣ𿴻ʰô˵ʵǶΪʰείʵ̫٣һ
İûЦ
̫ӡ󰢸硭
ĵʾ


536 ʮ괺

ַһͨпˡﻰ⣬һ֣ȴ˼쾡¡
ǣʰȻҲвţδ̫ڷ绨ѩ¡ֻ֪ʫ飬Ȼ֪ʶԨȴûıԡҲȱߵ
˵˵ȥֻûѡҾ޶֮ġ߸дˡ

صӣҲ֪ղ׷ȴΪԼϣʵ̫ԶѹͲ֪İ硢ʮ˵ʲô
Ϳİһֱ˼
Դӷ̫ӵ֮İܻᶯһ¾ǰ졪̫ӵûпܱǺܶ˲Ѻעһֶľ֡
ҪӵʼȷжϣҪʼձѵͷԺԡ
һūѾˮͽȥˡ
ӣͺ˯ˣİүѾˣϴɣһϴһ롣
İ绹ǿû
ӣɴ֣ס֣ذˣү
İγѣվˡ
˵ԡͰ֮УڵˮƮɢŵꡣ
Щǳʱڲժµģ˸ɻ֮רϴԡʱŽȻǸɻȵˮһ棬ԭİƬҲչˣеǰɫеǵıɫ
ϵĺƷ֡
İϢ;з˲١
Ȼ󡭡ӣû뵽£ȻԡͰˡ
ӣְֻ˽ѡ
ò˶ͷߵرϣӣ²ȣİһͰԼϥϡ
ðɣ
ӣ§ĲӣͬŵĵͷõĲ˻ࡣ
䣬˶̲סЦ
İ§סͷᰤ˲ӣĶͷ˵Ȼؿӣͷ̲ס͵͵һ
ӣһӾȥ죺ҿ
⻹ǰȥֱʱֱһȭİǰµġ
ʱûоΣȵ֮ؿھͳһƬ࣬˵úܡ
ӣտʱ۵ĲУʢ֪Ѹʱֱʧء
Ȼֱģȴûˡ
İܵܵҲֻĬĬš
İ翴۵ĲУʱο˺һӣ˰˾죬ɢ˿
Ҹࡣӣɷ˵ؾͰİ˵ڴˡ
ſؾؿڣʱʱ࣬ʱ򣬾͵öһ࣡˵ÿ졣
İ§סһƬڻӣ⻰ҽƺԣ
뿪ˮ
׻ûá
İӣͷ˵ʲôʲôɣ

»ûĳ԰һһ԰ִ͸İ磬ΪԲ԰
Բİķţ԰ӵ˼԰Ӿĵġ
˭
ӣֵʱ۾һ¾͵ɴˡ
Բ԰ˣ
飬İ˵һ֪ͨԭԲ԰ѾڿʮͽˣҪǵ˽죬Ҳͽˡ
˵Ѿһٶദ£ǵеطˡ
˵귨ʹ˰һ԰ӣҲܸˣסİӾʰꡪʲôʱȥԲ԰
ǲǷҪȵУ
ʱ򣬰ܴ԰С
һ˵һѾȲҪȥ׼װ
ܿѾˣһξ͹
֮ˡ

һһη
Ѿ˶ӡТ塱Ŀƣʶ֮λɾȱ
Ҫȥ
˭ȥ˶̫ӣλεռλá
ܰ⶯ľʱȶ
ͬʱѾʶ˷̫£һµĸã֮ǰûʶġ
Ǿǣ̫ӡڻӣǻȻһ¡֮λ̩ɽġ
ʹˣ˴ҲԱ
ճķ̫
ôµĶ̫ӣһҲʷݣô
̫ӣһܰ
òԼˡԼֵȼ˻жڶȨ޿Ӷ֮ķĲҾ档
еһֹ
ܰ˰ѾܵصĴһƼУȻв˱˰硣
ÿ벻ǣİΪգҲһͬƾٵʸ
ƾ˷̫ӡ
³֮󣬿ңϸϸѯİԭ
İ粻شֻǸ׿춼˵꾡һ仰
ʱʤȻһԲȴʤǧ
İİʹУ뵽˷̫ӣͬۿ΢죬


537 

֮УһƬġ
ãڸʵ׷Уİͷȥôһ˲䣬ԺкȻ뵽ӣĸ֡
ʮ
̫ӱϣҹİſʹĵص
ҡǴֵܵĽǶ˵
Գӵˡ
ʵȻڳټ̫Σ
ټˣʰһȥ֮
ʰˣȴ긻ǿ
Ļʰ˵ϣǴТӣǸλӵӡİ롣
һΣʰ굱棬ֱ߳Ϊҳӡ³ĸֵʱİͳȷ˻ʰ⡣
һ˻ԼϲĶ
ȴԼʲô
ߣǽȻ෴桪ҹס
ԣ֮Ҳһַӡ

ȻϣİһȻֺ
΢΢ۣشİʵģ㵱ô룿
İֿصʰ꣬ӳȻ˼
˵΢΢ָ˿ۣ
Źȥİˡ
İվֱӣԾĬĬʹͷ
ʶʰֻҪ뵽̫ӣȻӾ顣
֮λһһλĻʰһԸ̫ӣҲΪġ־İ˰
ԻʰЩ
ӱϿʰҪģڻ֮УѰһԼ̫ӵ뷨֮ڿڵˡ
ʵϣʰҪģֻһ˿ο
Ҫ֮ܶ£οʹ㯡ֲ̿ѵһ档
֮λߴʤǸλþˣ¾ǵĿˣ·𻯳һ
ֻ֪桢ۣޱȵģȨµӡ
ǾԵȨߡ
Ǵҹ£ɽ꣬Īвߡ
û뵽Ҳ־壬Ҳ¶
ֻİ磬ο˻ϵĿ־¶

̫֮·ͬСɣգĸ
ϲǣûգȻᵽ˰˰ύǸʿ˵Ļ
ֶˡ
˶Ϊŭ⸡󳼣Ʒ֪أȫ˶ٰ˰硣
ѧʿ롢̲鰢鰢ʷǳͷϡ
ǿѹŭ
ôƼ̫ӣһ̽͸ؿЩѾν־
Ҳ˳ϣڻڳеж
û뵽ǣ˰Ѿʧ£쵽˳͢ÿһ䡣֮Ƭ̼ԭ
֮ǲ֪˰絽Ǹʲôˣ²ż汸ʿʿӿеү
ν򡪡µġ
Ϊǲɿصġ
ߣ¡

ʮ괺̫Ӹ
ڷ̫طiУնĶԳ˽̫֮ͣǰ֮µߵΪʤ
Ǵ󰢸ɹʤ֮Ż̫ӿӳ
һû˸ҿһˡ
̫طiĬĬվڵ֮࣬۹ɨЩ֮ʱ侮ʯĴǡ

̫Ӹ¶·һʯˮ棬ڷɽ˻͵һȦȦ֮ˮڻָƽ
ӿõĳ֮֮սʱ
̫ӱһ²ʱ䣬һʥּ硢İ硢尢طΪֱǳӺ
߰ʮΪ
Ű硢ʮʮİ˱ӡ
һΡʮַӣѾȥʮһꡣ
˴ּʱİ绹ǰ鷿͡
ϲ
һ˽ּ֮󣬰չأ͵þлȥˡ
ĸʱ򶼲һ£Һߵūۼֿ죬סˡ
ǿ
еĵһȡ
Ѿˣ鷿ֻ΢ôİһ㱡Ⱥ
кζİūźż򵥲ϴһ£һѣȥ
һ·ϣİһ㣺ò˵ʰ
ٸ档
̫Ӹոձʰͷַôɢ˴Ҷ̫Ӹעʾ˻Ȩϣ޿ջأҲԸǡ
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Ҫǣһ֮󣬲˰֮ǰʱŵļ棬΢γ˸˴Լĸ֡
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ͬһֵԽϸ飬ÿ˳ԵľԽ١
ÿ˶ԲͶû㹻ɻˡ


538 ǽү

Ǭ幬ǰİú尢ˡ
尢Цݲõعİк档
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˵Ѿ뾩ǲԶ
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ʱ֣⺢Ҳܵˡ
尢üɫľ¶һ׮֮Ƥȴ˶Ĺ롣
İ尢ļ򣺡ȥɡ
ֵ˲̤Ǭ幬̨ס

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ӣȫۣûһߵͷһЦеصү
СϰԵĴӦһҪߣȻ;òԾ
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ӣһӻûϰİӺ밲ʱ򣬶İ绹صغү
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ְӣ˵˼仰һһү
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һŷ͸ˣʢźſڣ˵ҲֻλˡܰİŷŻֺǺǵġ
ѬǵĲȰ
һ̽ӳϣˮʪˣźۿ
ԼСȥȴ·
ӣŮߣϸ˲
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һθúܡ
ӣԱĬĬĵ㵱Ȼ֪˾Ʒٽ͡
ùţ˴ŶŮǵӣһ߹ȥİѣһ߾İ˵ҪĳӺˡ
߸׼ȷ˵Ӧǡ
˵İĸԺǰĩʱֻǴ̫ǵĹٷ
ƺֻܵͨ͡ϰյԸһЩߵݶͼªͥԺûʲô֮
Źֺġ
İһܷɡޱա֮񸮲ĹٷԷİݵĸĽ
ڷľŷաӵȵȣһ
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Ͳͬˡ
İȻӺڵլӾ͵øͷˣģװ޶Ҫ䡣
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ӣͦˣİ磺ʲôɫ
춼ͷǺҪ
İһڲ裬֣µظǰմƣɫ
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539 N

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ϴ˯ˡ
İӣ̾һ͵ô£վæ£ٴĹ⾰ˡ
˵ţͷӣͷ˸ǣ޷԰ӷ羰õúܣүͺȥơ
ӣ֪˵Բ԰
İĻṳ̊ʵӣͷľ;˯Ϯ
ڱһֻ֣ؽİԼû˯֮ǰһ˿Ļһֱǹء
İЦҡͷСѾͷˡôأ

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°Ĵӵ֮Уһžװʮ꣬شϷ
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СʱҲġ
ڲͬصһ˲䣬żܰˣ
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ϿֵȻ̫һθԪˣ̫ӸҲǰǰŰˡ
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ڴ£һιŰ¶ٴ죬ҡͷԡ
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İ΢΢һЦ֪ˣΪͯСڻˡ
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ܲɨ˰ɡź͵ܵܣֺõһ
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Ͷ˽յĹΣתͷþͿSڵƻ¿Լ
ɵһ£Ϊ鼫ãǵЦġ
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SæջЦЦ͵ûʲô롪Ӧ˹ӱȥԲ԰ķ羰һõúܡ
ûϵȻ˵һȻSȥ˵˵꽲ˣʱҪ塢ʮ嶼԰


540 

͵ͷ
ʮһ밢꽻ãȻȥԲ԰һҲ¡

еȻģһα

ӣԺҲ֪ӽȥСˡ
ϣصСȥǰ鷿˺óԵĸ㣬˳ô
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ϣ尢صһϼһϲĹ⾰
ӣ뵽ҲɵΪNǺӸеˡ
ĴۣίʵʹЩ
СʱǳĺN˵Ҳδؾһ¡
ϾԽСʲô£лתء
ǵȴ˾Ͳԡ
尢ˣ˵Ҳ˲٣尢Ǹˡ
Ȼ谮ŸǸ޵ĸ񣬵ҲûпΪ˶ŮǵĲรǡ
NӣǺùġ
İŶӸˣҲп
NǺĶӣѵúͺǴСĽ顣
İ粢ԺͺͺNߵýһЩ

Ͻ֮УԴ̫Ӹ֮һƬƽ˾
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Тǲ

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帣ǸĵشƵģ֪Щ˼ӳɼNˣȻˡ
帣ʾ尢֮󣬿˿ⷿƷϡ
ЩˡϾNŶˣ
ԱߣȥƾŶ֣̫ˣҳԲ¡
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һޣNû취ˣӲͷƤҲҪȥֽӹе룬ཹཱུİѴ󲹵ˡ
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ڴϣƲ죬ȴūǶСĵպˡ
һ˵ܣ͵ϸܵ϶尢ǰĨᡪ˵޲ú帣ľͺˡ
Ƕôһֵչţȵ۵һҲࡣ
尢˵ɥǱ۵ȵģδⲻ
˵ϼ䣬ȴ뵽ЩĿࡣ
ĬĬְѻȥˡ
˵ЩһǶԺ͵ĸмһҲж尢ԹԹôûȫΣȥչ˺N
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˼죬һȥҺNʱûסΪʲôظԼдż
NҪ˯һ˯˰ɽ˻ġ
һҳѣֵڴϣۣʺֵͣܣһҪأҸдżӲظˣ
СС꣬۶С˺һ˲䣬ͺȻﶯһ£᲻Լż
˭
꣬ն
뵽һ㣬NҲ뵽ˡ
NźͣӦɣ
¶Ȼź˿̾ѾվʲôΪ֮£˵һỰ
˵ʲô£Nܻʱʱһ
ú;ãԼĺǸϺƵġ
еЦԷǡ
N˵ڣԸҲͦաģĲ⸱ǻ
Űˣɮ˽ЩǿľͷҲҪܱסˡ

뵽N⼸꣬ʼƹŷ𳣰飬Ǻͱûᵽѧ飿ʲôʱ鷿
⻰һ˵NʱϱͻҰҲȥ
ﰲһ˲˭û˵ֻĬĬŵƻ졣
һͲЩСĵֿ˿ڣϾʱͬˡ
NЦһ£һ˿Ļȡһ˲̬úͺȻ뵽Сʱ
Ʋ
N׺͵˼̫ӱϣֱȥԪˡ
Ϊ̫ӵĶӣҲûʲôʱ͵ˡ


541 

ô˵ţǺNڱ˿֮󣬻Ǻָֻܿ˽鷿顣
ĵ鷿ĻӻʮֹעʹһЩĻáǵùȥNͺһιڣе˱ֻ۹ǡ
ЩССǣȫ֪NȥĹ¼ˡ
Ϣʱۿʦ뿪ͷ˺NüΣе뱨ԾԾԵ˼
ҲƼˡ
һںNǰĿź
ȻʲôҲû˵Ǻֻ㬵ػתǼ⡣
Ӻܿ쵽˶ʱڣӺҲݱĽ׶Ρ
ӣ⳵ڸſػزͣİԴȫˣһԲ԰ȥסһʱˡ
֮ǰһֱΪǹȥ漸죬û뵽⣬ɡס
Ȼǡסûмǻزġ
ĻҪĶɾͶȥˡ
Ѿʰ䡣
ǰϦˡ
ڸԺ
ɫɫ࣬ҲǰôˣŸ˵ķʽȥһȦ
ŮǷŽżʱӣͷֳ˲١
ϾǺӵͣȻΪ˸һֱڳӡ
ɫׯ֣Ժͷһȸİ¿ͷꡣȻֱת򸣽Ͳร
۽ǣۿҲˡ
ְѴַû˵仰Ǳ߾׳һϲѶˡ
Ѿˣ֮ǰһֱѹû˵̥Ѿˡ
ȻѾˣӣһֱһӿ˴⻰ӣŸ֮ܵ졣
񶼿ĸˡ
İȻǺܸ˵ģһ˵ȻѾУղЩ͸ˡ
Ȼתͷĸȥٵ߰˸ūŹȥ̺
Ӧ
񱻷̸İ翴̸ж֮䣬ԴǶ֮ڲס繡
ȻˣɵתЦͿӣһۡ
ȴûпĸ
ΪУĸ˿һĵӺ棬ܹһ㡣
̸˵ȻԱСչˡ
ֽӹūеĵӣ΢΢ӲŸӵ
ŴȻؽɷչ뱣ĸĬĬؿţȻ̲סЩ΢Ľ
뵽Լ
ɷȫȫĳ۰ϰ뱲Ҳûܹ
ûã˵ǶСһ˵һ߾ūǽý
һЩϸµĹС
ˣͷŴ񣬺ܹɵؾ͵лл㣡ϣһƽ
ЦСԴȥɡ
Ȼֵˡ
תͷŶ񣬵ЦЦʾŮ͵Լǰ
ִȥߵ˶ǰ
һµ廨С磬һȺ
һСȺ񶼱ΩΩФֱ֣ʱܴСһ
ΨһֻС񣬱棬ƴȶС׷ĸ׵ĽŲ
Ƿ̶ڵĴǴɥĸʹ֮أ
İ͵ն￴ĽǶȣŶ¶һӸµЦݡ
ѹûֻλϣ΢΢̧ͷؿŴ
ȴԼĽǶȣ꿴ϵı飬ȴϵһࡣ
ֱóԼգ˺ü۾
֪õ˼Ȼû̧ͷҲܸо͵նóѵûظѾЩˡ
˵˵ţ㵽˺ͺͺSӹ鷿ʱ
㡣İԸȥˡ
ʱ򣬶˵ԼҲҪȥһѡ
ˣӣȴŶ
ȵ֮ӣĿüۣͿȻƤ˷ˡȻ֬ˮ۵ã˷ҲǺۼġ
Ϊ˸ס׵Ƥ
ӣ΢΢̾һ

֮󣬻صԼԺӣźﻭ
ϲԼһЩСߡ
㲿ȫˡ
һЩʱİҲˡ
ӣӲסֽţİһ·ȵϳһ΢ʱվУֱֱۣʢźѡ
ȵϴ˸ڡȲ裬ѣӣǱҲѶŮǺ˯ˡ
ȥİ硪İڴͷĿۣЦЦ͵˯ˣ
ӣ֪ʵͺǵͷ߹ȥ˳ùİе鱾ŵһϣ׷ʴʲôʱٻ


542 ԰

İ̲סЦ˳˵㺢ӻҲֻк˵ĳ
Ҳˡ
ϲЩõġİӣڴһ£һ˳ڵ
˶٣İ翴ӣòĵ𣿡
˶һ˲䣬ӣʶȤؾͿڵ硭һСӰɣ

ŷƻů
ûãһݹӣһȦСѾ˽
гһҹרСӣֵ̲衣
ƤǶ棬ĺͣرҧ
İųһͿζ
ӣظ¶Ȼܺá
ȻˣҲͼĵ¶˵ᵽ˴
û뵽ôһת۵Ĺ򣬺ӶкˣİЦҡͷ
ӣ뵽յģ̲סҲŸпǰҿŴܾûȥźһ
İͷ˵Ĺɸڣ·ҵƶԽԽ硣
еļֱ޲ûڶͰ׸ˡ
ûӣǱɸˡ
ŮֲûҳֻҪھۼ޵ʲô˼ңܱǧ뿪ˣĺá
˵˵ž˵
İְӣͷһ£ŵǳÿ죬ҲЩģҪҴţٰ˼˵
ӣͷ֪֪
İָıҡͷȲĿ
ôһ˵ӣҲЦˣֱסİĸ첲̧ͷֱҲûȲأҿ᲻ģ޲ûܶ߼ꡣ
˵⻰İһŸĸģͬУ˶Ĭһ˲ӣҡͷֵ𣬻Ǳ
İȻʧЦ

֮Բ԰
ԶӺӣԲ԰оɫģˡ
ȻʱԲ԰Զûкһ١ٶķɣҲѾʫ续
ϵطռعһƬ˵Դ
Ϊ·̲ʱ򣬻Ǿӵġ
ԲϷſơ
ڡԲİ˵Բ񣬾֮ʱҲգ֮Ҳ
ԲָƷԲȱָҵա
ӣ̧ͷſʦдɷֿ˺һ
ȵСӣһ·ȥ԰ӽһǰ۾
ϲ
İ翴Ů飬̲סЦˡ֮ǰԲ԰ʲôģǲһŴĲ԰ׯӣ
İ統ʱһӱҭĲ֪˵ʲôˡ
ô԰쾰˼ò԰ׯӱȽϡ
룺ȻУ԰ׯȻ԰ϲġ
ӣԴӴԽҲǺٿô԰֡
֮ǰѲϵʱڽЩйûƵ쾰
Ƕû󡪡Ͼ˼ҹһƬѾռ˲֪Ķء
ҲΪô㹻ĺ棬ܱ֤԰԰Уϰϰˬˡ
Բ԰λþ೩԰Լһ·ǳ˵԰ּһ𣬺׾ͱȽϡ
ϾԲ԰ʱֻһ԰ģܳĳ԰ܿľҲˡ

ͺͺSûΪҪŹ鷿ѧʣǹĺֻж񡢺
ʱҲˣСҲýʵˣ棬ֺǺǵؾܡ
ѩɰ𣬿ŶʱҲۣһһơؽš
ɵؾͺ۰Сܵܡ
ʱߵĿˣϣ񻹻סС֡
ǳһˣӣûע⵽Ӻ񣬹ǰԺѾôˡ
İֻǳһˣ԰ɢģվһͤϣһǶȿȥҲܿææǡ
羰ãźҰ͡
ľΧѲʱ޾
ūѾʼæˡҪϵ棬Ҫ׼СеŹӣеĻÿ⡣
ΪһİøȥԲ԰еԺӴ
ıظڰСһСɽ¡
Сҡβ͸
վСɽ̫ķһ㣬һСĴʹ۾
۾ָһʰ꣺꣬ǻ귨ڵλ𣿡
İ˳Ůָķ򿴹ȥҡҡͷǡ
΢΢һְת˸ŵǣ˿Ʋ
񿩿Ц
ӣǱߣŶūŵ
ûôڲ˵ϣ̧С͵͵ؿӣüΡ
ȻþӣԽԽ
ӣһͷСأ켷Լˡ
ЦˣְѶ˻һ𿴡


543 

ܿ¶һЦӣꡣ
İʱ򣬿ľôһ棺֮µݵϣӣ§Ŷ
һֻСֽ§СԴҲӣϣ˶·С˺ü꣬ӣĻ
ʵЩȵģǿģȻһ㶼ȡ
ӣúܡ
İ綨ؿ˺һ
ӣͶعͷ
񻹺ãûվӭӹȥˣӣŵĶŵöһһҷŲŴӲݵվ
İǰ˼Ϳӣһ˫۾ĿżССĵ⣺Ҷѡˣ˶аԵġ
˵ر࣬İЩ̲סЦ
ȥһգãİš
ӣס֣˳ƾָỮ˻Ц
İ۹鷢ĹͷϣȻͺ˱һڡ
ǺǶԱߣֻա
ʱūѾʳп⴮õĳеҲǿ󴮣̵ðͻһȻۡ
ӣ־ù߰˴ΪտûúǳԶֻ࣬ÿϷ
ǸǰСˣθģ滹۹̡۹϶ƵСԲ״͸͸ذ棬ټϷۡ
ˮ̣Ǿ䡣
См䡣
ȻСθȴĵģһѾϵ⴮Թˡ
ֻȥãǱֹˡ
˵ѡأϾѾǳˣһ֮󣬼϶˺
ʱūҲ˵ѾѶڸรõԺˣһһʰˣรȥʱԡ
úһ˯ϰߣʱİָ˵;üͷֲϵȥץС۲λ
ӣΪǱӶˣһūȥҩݸ࣬һ߾͹ȥźѶӵӾơ
վĿھͳһ¡
ŵòг
İ翴ɫ죬תȥСֱϣȻѾһڴСĺӡӡ
ΧƺΧչʮˡ
׵м䣬ܿССĿ׶ȻǱʲôӡҧˡ
ɱߣ
İһϴҽ
⵱קź־ʶӣ۵𣿡
ôΧĺףѵûио
Ҳһֱڲ֪Լҧˣ޹ףίίصǾԽԽ۵ǲۡ
İţԼ
ӣվԱ˼ͷԸūȻȥԺסʰ׵ոձҧˣŲ
ȵҽˣ˵ƶͻȥ
ͷôôȥҲˡ
ʢվԱߣ亹乵ǧ׼ϸôҲû뵽ݵȴж档
Ҳѹ֣Ժﶼʰˣ͵үȥ
˭õİãҪҰأ
˵ţվԱߵöȻͲ񱳺󣡡
ĿˢתȥͿ񴩵һɫϣ󿿽λãȻſһֻë׵ĳӡ
էһЩЫӣϸһֲ񣬸ͷͦë׵ģͷɫʰ쵡Ȼж
ڿ飬öôһʶſԼ
ᱡŲ϶ܸоӵĴڷƶ
Ƥˣ
Ųӡűԭؼŵ
ۿŶѸ٣ҪȥˣӣİҪȥ׽Ѿˡ
ǿģʱһ֣ñϣѸײڶ֮ƾͽֻ͵׽סͷ
ӻëסĶҪˣ֣͵ؾͽ˦һߡ
С̫˹ȥְ˽ŵ뽫סˣԱҽһ˿ڣҲ֪Ǻֶ棬Աϡ
ӣǰȥסûҧŰɣ
۾ɵôģ˵ͷûУ
һͷӣŷģ˲ʱĻָϽȥץСֿ
ʱҽҲѾˣūղ׽ĳùҽ
ӣ˶֣￩һ¡ֵʳָʹָϣȻѾ˺ͺһСԲס
űȺƺҪһЩ
Ͼղͽץ棬ͻȻܵϮʱ򣬿϶ǻҧ˵ġ
ӣָ⣬ѪҽʱѾڵĶ棬͵кãкã
˵ֶOϲůʪĵطȻȥͦ£ЩЫӣǶԲûôǿ
ֻҪĨһЩҩϼȻͻὥȥס


544 

ôһ˵ӣһ
ǱͻصԺӣҲ˲ÿԲ԰ԺӲõΣǸϽūŰҩˮͶͿˡ
ҲѾѣһǺ¡۵ںͶԱߣǸ
ȵһж׵ˣڶԱߣĬĬؿһһͿźںڵҩࡣ
֪ѹһֻûбҧ֣ãıѹûϵġ
û˵ֱס㣬С˲䣬Ȧģ㣬㲻𣿡
䵽ֻë׵ĳԼָ䶯ĸооļƤˣ˵ˣ
ʶ̾ͱ죬һ˫С֣촽ϡ
üͷҵȻ£֣ˡҵãұ뻤㡣
ӣԱߣ⻰֣صվͶԶл
ȴֻҡͷรһǺܺõģãȻ
ʱڷҩҲѾˡ
ū˹
ӣźͶīҩ֭ȥŷ
һߺһ߾СȥԼӣŻ״ŻҲ̫ˣ
ӣһȥ˺˵棬ӿˣԽԽࡣ
棬ūôķӣ˸ɫҩڼ¶
ⶫǰÿε춼УǶǰ
ӣҲǵһμˣ֪ⶫִĻ¶ˮ߷Һ֮ġ
ģͿĨҲǱǡ
԰ݵʱͿһЩЧֹó涣ҧ

İǱߣҲûţȵҽ˵ѾźСǶúҩ˵ͷ˳ȥˡ
ղǹĵһգͷ顣
ݵôķΧôƫƫҰһֳأ
İôţûһͰʢнˣԸ˼䡣
ʢȥˡ

˵ڶ峿컹ûôӣ˯ʵؾ˴
ǹŶӵ˿ڣūŵƹȥ
İֻǽһյССĵƻ
ӣո߽ȥѾˣڴϷȥıԹˣ
ӣһȥ߽˴ǰūŹ֪ԭԹȡ
һȥӵС
ƻ֮£ֱϵĺףΧѾС˺ֻܶ࣬ԭһˡ
ٲôˡ
м䱻ҧĵطҲˡ
ӣظӰϣ뵽ϵ˿--ȴ֪ʱôˡ
ҩ֮󣬾İĬ£Ǳߵ˸˻ȥ
ӣȻǣҶȴֱ--Ե͸Ƶġ
ֺڲӪںֻһƬ
Զ͸ˡ

ʢİ鷿ֻҡҡͷ
ǲûв鵽ʲô˼
İ籾ҲֻǻɣղľԲ԰к߱ʪ⣬жУҲ
˰֣ʢˣ˵Բ԰ҹȻˬҲֻڿ֮еľǶԡ
ʵȺǱˬ
οľ࣬ŵǺţ֮ĸþǣóȷʵࡣ
˯˯֮䣬󣬰ǳߡ
ҲǸסϰ߰ɡ
İȻôһӺˡ

ʱİˣ˳ҲѶӣ
˵úǶһ
ȥ񣬵һӡ
ӣǹŶ񣬿һͰѶ¡
ȼһ¶˿--õٶȱȺ죬׶Ѿûˡ
ӣֽ¶
ְͿһ顣
Ϳӵʱ򣬾Ϳ󲱾һȦ΢΢Сӡ
һͺ
ȳʪ
ӣ˳źӺһ£ŷ϶ǺȺ亹һѶ͸ˡ
ӣﶯ˶ְѶԼǰ⿪켸ӣŷ´ľȻǴĿʽ
أƳʪŹ֣
ԼӸſӣϣС־ͽץӣӡ
չ˶ֿ龰ϽСؽ˵Ǹ˼˵Բ԰ˬ¾סںߣմŷ磬ϸ
ӣ֪øѹԼˣ˵Բ԰ˬϾҲֻھ֮С
ϽǶûжԶˬˬĶȥ
Ѳɻˬɶ
Ѱ˸ڣ֧֣ӣȥһĿ£ϡ
þͺֿʽѳߴСɣڸͷб仯ʹˡ
ӣֻöŮϴ֮󣬸¡
ͷ˿ϻˮ飬һС˵ġ


545 ʢ¡

ӣһ߸ãһ߾ϻȥڵնǰ¶
һһ߾صͷ֪أ
ͷ˿ϣеöǳ
ӣȥ˲ͷȺϸ첲סӣĲӡ

ϵʱ򣬶ū˻ȥİӣ
ϴ·ڴϡ
ڿģӣ̧ͷһЦЦȻЩίί˼
⵹ѵһˡ
ӣǰȥЦֵͷİֹ˹°ͣ˵仰İ͵һק
˶˵ȥˡ
ӣſؿϣҲͲˣͱôһƣ΢΢ۣĴһһ鸧Լĺס
˵仰ģʱ򵹾ôʱʤˡ
Ȼһ£һ绮Ļ
ͬʱתͷȥŴ⡣
Բ԰һ껩
ʵ̫󣬴ڴž죬˵ˡһ꣬ͻࡣ
ūˮϴԡ֮˲ϣİӣļ˵硢尢綼԰
ʱĸรҲٲû
ӣԺнõǣһú԰һ
ΪʲôҪӡȻΪԲ԰ʵ̫
ýߵĻֻ²Ȧ˾ſˡ
ӣͦ˷ܡϾִʱܼģֻٺԲ԰
ܿڿȫò뻹ͦڴ
˯ɡİĴĺ󱳣

յʱ硢尢綼ˡ
ǰԲ˵԰ĸҲóŮ˵ļƣรһ԰תƣһ߾Ͳͣؽܡ
ĲรǣںͲס̾Ȼи̾ζ٣ƨζࡣ
尢ร϶ϺϣʼֻΧӣߣڶĸϺ͹϶ϳһʼ԰ʱ򣬿Ϳй֮˶ûĸǰˡ
Բ԰Ƿ԰԰ūҲв԰һʹģרֻԲ԰иľݡ
ĸÿһūǱһأ밲ӭรǣҲųʮ㡣
ͲรǿʼޣҲûʲôˡ
ϾһѳޣԾʮ㡪ȻԼҵӺǺһġ
ӻ϶԰Ӻܿ
Ҫ֪԰ȥĴҲԽԽˣÿһȥҪþá
İԲ԰ϳ԰ô
˵ʲô
˵벻İ硪ʢ¡أ

ͥԺ
ڴ£ϸһѵĵСԲŴʵչ⣬۲쵽Լͷϵ
֮ͷһѷһתŮɣܰķʽڸסѷȱ㡣
һֱڣɷʵûִͷ⡣
ǻ֮󣬴ǵķ֣⽥Щڲסˡ
ʵϣһֱϵѷԴѣʱἸ£Ǻںһš
ſԽüͷԽ
ҽ߰ͶԴ˵Լķ֮£ƣ˵˻УѪ飬ѷҲʱԵģ֮ٲȻҪڽǼ
ÿӣһܸơ
񲻺ðԼ֮ǰͷϹͷ˵ֻܽػ˻֣ôȥˡ
֮ǰĻӸõҩʵǴ㹻ģټӴҲǲ
Ϊ˸еĺ룬Ͳҩˡ
еҩҩңҪ̥ô죿
Ƽˣһֱϣ̸
ӣһЦӭȴɫأΪӺʲô¡
ȵ˵£̸ŷġ
Ӻ¡
ӳسӭҡ̸Ŵ£֣Լ
ڵ̺ϣ̧ͷŴ񣬺Сһԣ°
ΪǸ˳Уﺦˡ
ʹ⣬˵Լͷ顪ĺ
Լɷһ˿һ١
̸ô˵ɴ¿ɵص˵ͷսɷ֣ǽ
̸ЦųĴֱûæ꣬ȥ鷿
Ծòֻöͷ΢΢һȣɷͷһǣȡЩ㡣
һ¾Цˡ


546 ᱡ

ŵʱ̸ҽѾ̨ףûˮ˴˸棬æ
̸˵ͷҪߣֶ˶٣סŲ´˼ۻŵǸ⼸ûʲô°ɣ
һˡѷ飬磬ˡ
¶˵ѹ˵
˵ˣǴɡ
ά̬СĽؾ͵عӵĻ񡭡˼Щ
̸һ⻰֪ǰСѾͷǲ˵ʵ
֤Ĳ롣
̸ԭأҹ
ϻˮ裬һʱûţƵַᣬȻЩŲסˣҲΥ˵̸ֻܸһߡ
Ժ䣬̸һתͿСѾͷȻˮ裬һһ˿ģ
ˮɽ˲ٳʪӣҲ֡
Ǹʵ˰
̸΢΢һЦ滨ˮӹһߣŵֻ㼸仰η塣
Է֮𣬾Ȼӹˮ裬һʱ΢΢̸ۣ
¹֮£̸Ȼ;СѾͷɫȻҲֻǡ⸱޴ģĪЩ
Ż
ֱηصͷ
̸úȤɵ÷ŵøһ㣺Ǹ񣬿ʲô֮
ѵˣҡҡͷȻ󲻸ҿӵ۾
ʶؾһ
̸ֻС¹һ۽ë΢΢
΢΢ü
ʱˡ
վ̨ϣһָŶӣһֳŮʩţһ۾ͿɷȻûߣԺӵĲԶ䣬ͷͻ˵Щʲô
챻Ƶǽˣ˶ߴӰ
龰ž
ɷղŲ˵Ҫǰ鷿
Ŀһ¾ˣԱʩҲ˲ˣ΢ȥ˺
ʩ˵Ȼס
ۿʩ첽߽ˣȻͲ뱻ɷƼԼ⸱ģ
һתų̂ףֱӻȥ

һʹͷ
ոսûҶ˵ʲô͹ˣ񡣡
תɫŵãֻģ㷽ʲô
Ϊڵ˵æ͹µģūš
ֹ̧˻Ҫ˵Ļֻתͷһʩ䱸صȥա
ʩæųȥˣֽź͸һ˳ȥ
ߵſڵʱ򣬻תŸϡ
ﾲĵģֻʣ´뻨ͶˣŻ
Ҳӣڵϣϥ˼ǰūʲôҲû˵ģ
䣬ֻǰһұϱغ
Ʋӣִ˵ʱõҲ֡
һƣһʱŻˣҲˡڴǰΪԼϢŭūŵʲôûй¶һ䣡
ӸµͿǱ飬һԩĲеίģ
˶Ȼ뵽ԼСҲ
˵׼СѾͷѹûء
ҪȻôڣɵΪԼֻڵģ̸ͺͷ˵˳ȥ
û뵽ģ
˼΢΢°ͣȲѻ˵ô㡣
һСѾͷ¶ģôһ˼Ǹôأ
뵽ղűԼһĻʹ
תͷžԼ֮ݸףԭĹڶֳԲ
˻УҲʮ£ֻǡ
ûٿȥתŻ͸Ļ䣺ɡ

̸һ·鷿λǰͿһѾںһյ裬ȵð
ϴֽҲѾˡ
̸ո֣ûŮѾſڹЦŸȻź̸ϴϴ
ˮµĺܺãǱ߹ǣҲȡ
лȥĲҩ
ȣһˣϾͳ˲ٺôһ̸ʱú⡣
ˬ̿ʣūѾԱ߸īˡ
һëһ߾Це̸
Сʱ;ѾѾͷˣϸģôЩССĴҲүһʴˡ
Ǹ˶Ϊǻᱻүߵģ˭֪븮
ȻŮӱ㲻ˡ
һݾЩˡ֪ôŮڹߣЩġ
ź˹ôˣԺССūҲĹܣǽǨߣĶȥ̣
˵׼


547 ĵ

ΪźүôһūŵҲθɫǴԺ˾Ͳһˡ
ÿιʱɫĵļֻû۽ˡ
ﲻʹ졪ȥߵ˼ô꣬еǻᡣ
ѵô
֣궼ǹүĵء
תһ룬Щ顪Ҳ֪ʵǲƵġ
ַֻꡣ
ǴԭҲǺùģôţˡȻҪôΪҲסĶ˼
ִ󵨣ʱԼһ

Բ԰תһ죬ӣȵԴΣϺ͹϶ҲĸŲŲȥˡ
ĸҪȥϷ̨ӿϷҲǵ˸յϢ
Щ˻δ԰ģԸжȥ
Բ԰ֽӦĵֽͤĵ̨Ǻ¿ơ
˵ʷϣİ硢һĵΪ̸
ղĸ˵ۻӣûôüϸϸƷζ
ĵ̨λںϪΪ䣬ǰʯΪ£ֲĵꡣӣĵͤȥתһЩʧܼ򵥣ǿĵá
ĵ
ĵҲеġʱֵڣܿٿŵʢĵƷֻһ֣Ƕ̡
ĵǴͳĵƷ֣ҲСŷұ̡ŷҡ
ϡеɫҶƬҲ΢΢ɫĹΣȥ͸֦ҶıɵĵƵģӺݻУֲʧš
һ߸תƣһ߾ͲϿκãڹչ˺Nܡ
ֱ֮ūǶͿͰ翴ˡ
϶ԱžЦ˵кҪڹж飬ʱԲ԰Ҳ
ʱ羰أ
Ϻͬͷ
ӣˣN룬Ȼϵĺܶ˸ı䡣
ǴǰܻᶽٺNҪϽҪúùȡڸǰôֻ֣һҪ󡪡ӽƽͺá
ֻҪǰͱʲôǿ
İǰд硢尢磬ơ
Ϸ̨ϳ֣ӣڣİһʣ֪ͺรһ԰תơ
ȥ
ҵʱ򣬾ͿӣһƬĵ߳
รѾˡ
ϲİȥסЦʵ
ӣָĵͤͦƯģҪǺúôĵ
İЦţֶǰһµķΧѿڵӣϲ͸㡣
ӣΪǿЦģһ̧ͷİ黹ͦġ
һϽҡ֣үڸҵĵطǶͦϲҲͦãͲˡ
˶٣᲻İʧǲһ䣺Ҿǹĵá
ʦҪأ
İס֣˳ӣĿ⿴һһƬĵʵϲ
ӣ͵ͷϲ
˵ʱ˿ǣԲ԰ָֻƽľ׺Ͱ
İӣ֣˰·ĽӣȻһɢȥˡ
һߣİһ߾˵һӻʰҲҪȥ԰ס
ʱ򣬻ʰҲڳ԰
ӣžͻȻ
ʵڸոչԲ԰ʱһʣסİôأ
Ȼ˵ҲǲܸϵϽǣǱϾ·;ԭԶĶࡣ
һĻãҪʮ˾ЩڵĳԲ
ǿʦҲᵽ԰ǾζʱתƵ˳԰
Բ԰ıӺö࣬·Ҳرˡ

صԺΪȣ˶һϴ֮󣬸ոջһˬѣžЩθڡ
ʱʱʵѾˣǸпտգŸûǵá
ӣûԲ԰ŷõĻʿǣϤζ
һȥвˣһ߾ж
ӣ˳ȥȴİڵƻ£һЦ⡣
ûôֻ赭дľ˵ȻӣϲĵѾŵ˹Ժʮĵ
Ժ뿴ҲһôԶҪȥĵͤˣܿ
ô죿
ӣգգ۾ͷһ˵·Ǻܡү

תѾԲ԰½һϺƷֵСԣ˳ɰ
İ뵽ʹӦ飬巿ȥӣ˺ü촩õװ
װãİӣȥˡ
ĳǺϵһյء


548 ͵

֮ǰҪһƬԺӵģʱ˼ƻûǳɡ
׼һƥɫСԣ˳ȥСŵ΢΢˶ӣһ
ȻԼԼˡ
ЦǰȥסӣͷͶİ꣬СĵӺС
С̧ͷСһǡ
һҲûָȥƨɡ
İȽŮô
ӣǸŮæȻ죬Աߵͤ
ŮΧ߸ҡӡ
ŽһӣЩԾŮȽģֱʦͨƵģ
СϣӢˬͦ壬Ŀǰūֻֽܳȥˡ
ҪļһһİҲŮļˡ
Ա߷Ůһһָôôϡ
ôɵĵԼ壬ƥӶϱƽ⣬ҳõҲۡ
һСĵýģȫע
ѧ˴СʱѾˣİ绹ûķ֣һֱŮϡ
пô˼֪Űʱ͸ˣ
һȦһȦƵĻǱȽƵģ񾭹ӣǰʱ־͸к
һߺһЦһСȫǾӨĺ顣
ӣվŮĵغ㣡ǰ棡
Сܵûͦӣ仰ոպڣֻܿŮıӰˡ
ֱ󣬳Ŷңңʾ⡣
İȥ
ԱߵģֻǼ򵥵̧ͷ˼ۣû࿴ˡ
ͷר־Ŀˮеöˣͷ˳ӣӣص̫ˣûʲô˼ǻȥɣ
˵ˣȵüͷܿϵһƬߡ

У鷿
ΪǻӻҪȥ԰ϢѾкܶຢӶ֪ˡ
ĸ
Ͼ귨һȥҪȥü£ʱϳҲͲϽˡ
鷿ô
ʦȫᵽ԰ȥϽ
ϽǣûлʱʱشǬ幬ܹǸö
µľǻͻȻˡ
ƫƫϻūźʦκζϲ֪վںĴ
ȴĽǶҲʮ΢˿԰һȴȻ֪Ѿˡ
ͺֲܿˡ
һΣ硭Ŷڸýгˡ
һΣҵĺںΣһһ͵͵İСó档
ڿʮһ꣬Ҳ꣬鷿û꣬أ̰ʱ
ţһͷͿ귨һҲ෽
ÿ£
ĺŵõһеСֵɽһ˳
Աɵϡ
ӴԺλĻӻǶӰˡ
κܻн֮
أ֮һС취ǾһЩھӵģܷĶ
ʱԼǰԽķ⣬Լû˹
Ȼû˸Сӡδ̫Ŀŵˡ

NȻҲ鷿һΪ꣬鱾ϵѧȻ˲١
˴ۣȻСʱǰ裬İǺѸĵġ
ÿοʦֺ޺ɸֵ񣬺N;ûʲô˼
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Ȼʦ潲Σ鱾һӣſź˯۷ſŴ⡣
һܿһ硣
Ψһʱ򣬾Ǻͱشʱ
ÿʱ򣬺NŻػһתͷź͡
һֱſյΨһеʱ
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ǺNһ¿ˮ̣զզ̬ȶʦʦ˵˼֮Ҳ޿κΣֱ۲Ϊ
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SԱţ;ԼܺͣȻNǺѣȻῴźNôԸʶȥҪȰ˵һ
û뵽ʲôҲû˵ȵ鷿¿ֻ֮ĬĬ֣ѺN鱾յԼˡ
Ȼ󽻸ūǱš
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Sʼûףȵ˶ſߵʱ򣬺Sڶ˺͵˼NĹζˡ


549 ڻӴ԰

SɵغܳԾ⡭ݺNѧػȥ
İѶԷѣ͸ΪN룬²ʱȰ˵Ҳð档
νҩڣཻܸ

ȥ·ϣSûס˺͡
ȣС̫ﱸӣһö÷УNѧȥΣ
˶٣ֳһĨЦЩ꣬Ѿˡ
SһǴûǶ⣬̧ͷŵܵܡ
΢΢ŴĿעеĲյüĿοѾǺˡ

³ۼȥ˳԰
鷿лӻǵζˡ̵ǰһ죬ּ⣬˵鷿Ƶ԰ȥ
Ҫڳ԰ලСӺﱲǶ顣
Ϊǵ·ϵʱ䣬鷿ʱҲˡ
Ʃԭ첻˾͵λԼ飬ڣ԰ʱʡȥĳһЩҲûϵ
ȻֱӵϿΡ
һͺͺS˳µر㱻İӵԲ԰
ӣҲͦˡһǰͿŶӣʱĵѧʱ֮󣬺ͺͺSкӾͲôˡ
Բ԰ͳ԰ô˵Ŀŵ㣺ūǻ԰ſڱǱ߲𴲣Ҳüġ
Ȼ¶ûƻɣʼֱʵظʹ԰ˡ
¶˵Դ硣
֮ǰʹ˳԰Աһյأ罨
ֻǿյضѣܺĵԲ԰ȡ
һۣڳ԰Χ췿ݣʸͱ»԰ƶյأطˮĥբӿڽӿյһ顣˵طİ罨һҵشֿºϰϵʸι֮·徲һڣ
˼øʹ͵ǿյزʣԼֿһأİͦ
ν ⣬ᣒԺ뾵С
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һɽٲ쾰ƣչ֮ʱԿʺı仯
˲ŵôһʰ쵵֡
ӣİЦ̸ʱôһĥţҲԽвʺ԰
ۡ
ٲϼ԰ĹģȻԲ԰ȡ
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ʮİƵģŰ硢ʮ԰ȥ
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İ絽˽԰ſڵʱʮǱӭˡ
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ֵ˵˺һİȻر㱻ʮ԰ˡ
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İʮ֮ǣС֣ȥ԰￴ˡ
׼Ůˡ
׼ϱŴգʮһ֧׼Ҳ游ֻǸǰУ
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550 

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ԱߣԺؾ˳ӣӣȲʮ廹ĺأ
İСԴӣЦŵʮܡʮöͶԵ

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ĺ֮УѾǰӱȥûƵˡ
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ھ֮УѾڸ֮н˵ɮǵ֮УһƬׯ֮
ӣĬĬ룺ĺ«ӿ粻룬ôƫƫԪǰϦأ
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İԲ԰Уï̶ܳȾͲ԰ˡ
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ģǱ߾͵ĵ̨½˲Ʒֵĵ͵סȵƷ֣ʢ֮ʱ涷ޡ
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ӣǵãʷϵĵ̨ѻӦòѾ˿ʮʱˡ
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֮ûãʵ۾Ͳڳ԰޹ˡ
Ÿոտʮ꣬ʱȻ߶Բϵġ
ӣţѾٲ̨ˣһߣһƵƵתͷİ˵ոĵͤߴ²һ΢΢͹שʯϣ˱һΡ
ϾҲѾǽʮˣŹಽںģ״Ͻס
һߣİߵĺͷӦݣһҲ귨סˡ
תͷչ֮£ٷһ㣬վԼǰɵϲ


551 ո¶ͷ

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¶Цݣź̧֣ͣʾ͹ˡ
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Ӹͷÿ죬Ҳױ仯֮ʱͺСʱһˡ
˵Ҳкһûˡ
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ǺͲһ˵Ҳ˵ò
ܰպ΢ķִУ̫ѹԼαװԼ
ȥ̫ӣλֵľƣĿͺ˵Խ˵Խ˼
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ĶأǸ˶
ʱ˵ʱЦͬѰ˼֮ôڡһʱĵͤռá
һ˿ʼ˵ѧİƽʱϣ͵ĹѧʣʵѾϹ˹鷿һء
ſԴڻүүҪ£վǸֽһ顣
ж֮ʱ̬ҲǼõġ
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Źһ첽͹ˣӣǰ۾Цĳһ죬ž͵รСġ
ӣվڿǰ
ΪʦһʻʵǺ͵顪ӣ˵˼ͽɲ٣ּ˺Сʱ򼸼Ȥ˵ؾ͸Т˳Ѱֵܡ
Ҳû˵ѣ˵Ķʵ顣
İԱߣؾͺȻذѻ˹ȥ
΢΢ţпһһ΢΢ͷЦİ磬ζؾһ䣺ģรиģ
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ǣǽ̲ɫĶӣһʮ˸ʲôã

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沢ûдãһյĹҲͳˡ
ˣİļ򣺡ﶨȻȥҲãȥ
ʹӦˡ

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ÿһÿһԺɢķֲڷ羰֮У羰ͽ໥ںϣȥľݶֲʵн
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ıǣҲͲøǺˡ
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ӣ˵ô˵˵úѾϰʮƵģġ
룬־һůů⽥ľӿۿΧ
ԽԽ£һһ콥ˡ


553 մ˶ӵĹ

ڿ쵽ʮԪڡ
Բ԰ǰͥԺѾԤȰڷźľϼڻһԻŰ
԰ſҲ˳Ĺ϶ǷʢķԼʳÿһ̲϶һ֧㡣
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ͺʽС
ӣͶԺ˵ˡԪǰ󣬳˸ŰϯҪĻʱҪܡ
ϡ
ѩط㹻ʵ棬Բ԰תתˡ
ϰ˶ҲûʲôԲ԰ǲȥġ
ںСȻСԸȴլе㡭
žվţžš
ӣ˵޵ǺԽ֮ǰһģһ
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ǵóɻãóӵļӣðʱرܡ
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ԳЩһֱĺӣ磬ĸӲ׽Ҳ
룺˵׼ǻĽЩȵó裬Т˳ء

Բ԰ūæӵķԸã԰棬ǰҲûţҼһ֣µعԪڡ
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ӣһ߿һ룺ʦǻĸԼһİͨȮšССһԴ
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ӣΪźӵơǵǰߵˮȥţİ磬ŵۼݵ˺ߣŷ̫ˡ


554 ԰ҹ

ѾͣʮһĻ
ƻشӻ͸ӳڲԵˮϣϵɫһ
ԭҲҪϴźӵơ
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ѾԼˣ֮УôʡҲʡ
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ⶼ򻧲ȡġ
ҿûз̻̺С֧ͲһʲƵĿ֧
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֮ǰӣ˵ԪڲܣһֱΪսƵڻѩЩʧ˭֪귨⳩԰㣡
ֵԲ԰
ܸ˵ؾӣ˵ȻصԲ԰ܲðҲںﰲһЩ
ӣŮཱུͷԺͰ˵˵ѽ

źӵƵʱڵˣȰźõĹˣڼֳȼƺҶƣ
Ϊڣ׷ֱӰֻüūŵĵƻǵ㣬ųг
жͷ·ϵǺӼһ㡣
İӰһſǰϣʰĸߵһʫ°׺ʱءƯ粻л޶³ࡣ
İ΢΢촽
ѵá
ѵüʰԴ̫ӱָһ֮¡

ȵӵƣǳ԰ҹ磬ĸά΢Цı飬ԱŮ죬һ˵˵ģķ
ȥһѡ
ѵһߣרźţѬůģڴ˻¡ױ
СƬ̣ϢһҲǿԵġ
Ӻ棬ȵӰ£ҹɫŨȻŹƣеºڡ
ĸվڰӰһԣĲร⼸รС˵ԣȫûע⵽ڰеĸ
񣬻ϷһȦӰǣ֮䣬˱õģ˶΢γСȦӡ
缸Ĳร϶᳣һ
յĲรͲһýȦˡ
ǰ֮ϵá
ǰ˵İǹ尢縮ϵġ
尢ر谮Ǹ޸ǮϣѾˣӶˣֻˡ
尢Ǯ۵øʲôƵģūһѣȻҪ˻Ժӡ
Ժط
ȻǮԺܣ˸ߵ
Ѿλรֻ尢ȲΪǮรˡ
һ˵һ߾΢΢ҡͷ̾Ϣ˵帣˾̫ã̫ίҲһԣʵǿ
ǻ˸ģɵǮôһ·
ңǮ񣬾Ǹθڼġ
һһٵУټ尢ʢ裬ֻ˵׼Ժ󻹻вรΪλҲδ֪
⼸รԽ˵Խ󵨣Խ˵Խ¶ǣϾڳ԰֮Уе¾£סϵĿڴ˵ˡ
δԱ߲รҹ֮ȥˡ
ĸվںڰ֮УĬһ˲΢΢ҡҡͷ̧ߡ
ܷı۰򣬵ѵٵȵȣ
̧ͷ΢΢üǰϵ˽ԶȥıӰ
ĸԱߵɽʯ
ȻȻ԰кϰϰɽʯ󣬻ܼ״ֳ˺üӹĵ˺ü㡣
ĸĿ˺һ¡
尢谮ĸǮϣҲǼġ
ŮòȷΪڣֲЦʱ˪һЦ͡
飬վһ֮УһӾͳˡ
һ¸ղҹϵĳĸ룬ȴûǮϵӰӡ
˶٣ǮϵݻǸôʸ԰μԪڻأ
ЩĸҲİ˲ٴκǸˡ
ȴ֪һ飬µġ
ȵǮ϶ĺأǸкһΪ尢İĶӡ
±ǲΪֺǮϣֻΪСӵݲӣ尢Ҳһ̧Сĸݡ
รҲʲô£ŮΪҿ֦ɢҶ˵ǹͣϸ˵ʱ鱨ȥ
˳ˮۡˮɵ¶
尢Ժ֮۾͸ˡ
ҵĺNߵĺܽλรϺ͹϶ҲΧߡ
ĸ΢΢ü
һҹ꣬Ӹϵڳ԰ţԼӳūӭǰȥ
ã԰Żָ֮ǰ


555 ʮ

·ϣİûӣһ
˵˵лİᵽպֱʰеǰȥ̸һǾˡ
ӣе㵣ģ̲סĸˡ
Ϊºͷ̫ʢ˼ʡ
Ǹ˵ǣ֪Ȼȥһԣʵ˼ţȻýԼľ֣з֮ء
İһ˵һ棬ӣ˯ĺ
ˣСԴһһֱ»ӣ
ôİ̲סӣѺԱߵŮ
ӣҡҡͷҲѹõ͵͵ģû¶һֵסѾ˯ˡ
Ѿ˯ˣҪôһŲɲô
İ΢΢ΣһۣЦҡҡͷ
ĸĴĸǲܶ
ƺ͡Ǹܺõӡ
뵽ͣİĿ̲סǰĺɨɨ
İ΢΢촽СҲѾˡ
ٹһҪͽȥ鷿
뵽Ŀ΢΢ϴȥ
˯ÿˮˣСҲ֪ǲǲͨʱ򷢳΢΢ŸСƵġ
˯ô㣬һֻСֻǽ߬Ŷӡ
С޶ĸ

Ԫڹȥûãʮ縣
ӣһֱǹһʮ׼ϵ
һֱ¡˼ҸԼȴݻҲûС
δʧ
İӣ˵˼ΣЦŵˣӣⷬʮеģʮȴɲء
ʮʮܵӡ
ʮʱʮȴӣ͵Բ԰˵ĸร԰һ
żϻصذ񡢶񶼸ˡ
İ֪ӵ飬ȻʧЦӣҲŻˣȥȴõʱ
һ˵һ߾ͺʢżϸūȥ˲ֿ⣬صظӣ˼
ʱʢƨƨߵش˻ˣรǰһ͡
ҲһЩŮӹõζ׹֮ġ
ӣͷȥҲǺöֻЩʽﶼС
ӣеʧطºӡ
İ΢΢ַϣС˼֮󣬱ȻһЦʲôöүͣ
˵ţͷӣķޱϣʮúʮһǿЩˣʼյţһ⣬Ѿܺá

ʮ죬˽԰ſڣʮѾǺˡ
ոʮһĵܹȥסͺʮ
ʮҲЦǣסС֡
Ϊĸڳʮ׼ȻҲӣ˵仰ǱϾõĸˡ
ӣЦݵص˵ͷЦӯӯ˽ȥ
ĸǰ档
ƽԼҸֻӣοûãʱı仯
ʱȻ˱Լ˿ʮ׼ϣһ¾;ԼĲˡ
ǰûǴĻϸոսʱʱҲͿʮӡ
ʮꡢʮ߰͡
İҲꡣ
ѾʮˣһתѾʮꡣ
ôܲء
ʮү˵ҶˣҪձڸ˵ƶˣֻӻ⡣׼ЦŶĸ
⻰˵һӶ֪ôˡ
ӣҲһ£˵ʮҲĶţԲתģ
Ϊ帣Ƿġ
û뵽˵Ҳе㶰
̹ʡ
ϲ
Һ׼Ͻµ񵹺ã԰Բ԰òԶ߶Ҳ㡣
һ˵һתͷҲЦſӣһۡ
һ˵˵԰
԰Բ԰һȣʱԵˡ
˵ƬĺˣΨһһСƬҲǸɰͰ͵ģ
ֹģֻܽһˮء
ΧĽҲض»ͣأ񹤣Ƶ԰ʱͥɰ࣬оӹŷ硣
ʮԺ
ӵķ԰۴Сȴǲʡġ
԰ŷֹϸͿڳ԰õһ۷ʵࡣ
ŷУרŸ𵽺԰źʮรǵ͸ֹͺϸв踾ӸСĸĸȡ
ʮʵͦϲ԰ԴӰ֮ͷ֡סţʮӸʡء
ϯϣʮĲรϡϡʯ϶ˡ
ʯϿ飬Ҳһʱʱһϻģʼûȵᡣ
һͿӣĺͰγɫ԰Ԫʮүһ졣
˵ãôһ˵ĸ棬ɫѿˡ


556 

˵˺ü仰Ȼû˽ӻˡ
ԾûĸǶڨڨѰ˻ͷȥ
ʱһˣĸΪպ֮£ЩĽᣬ̧ļӣƵǰ档
ʯϺǰͽĸģ׼ȴŲźӣǰһЦรлҵ񡣡
Աߣ־ס׼ϵ֣˻ΣʮʲôʱԲ԰ҶǶҲǺܺģ
ʮͷС֣Ȼüͷһ壬סڴһʱҪŻ³ܵģ
ԱߵŮæסʮˡ
ϱϾᣬΪʮǸղžϯϺ˼ƣֻ˵ȥϢЩƣӣȴѾӵĸˣ׼ģ;úϤ
΢΢˶ȥ͵ʮһɡ
ʮ鷳˵أһ̧ͷӣһӾ׹ˡ
รǾˡ
ʮĿ뵽ʱԼ»û
ʵ£ҵʱͲ׼Ҳûô̫ϡ
ôһѣֿܡ

ʮӼȻӣʱûߣʮصԺֵȽ˴
֮ͨ͹ڵϣʮͷˣϲ
ʮѾˣϲһӶ֪˵ʲôˣվӽǾͿŴСϲˣ
ֱͷ
ԱߵĴŮ˵ʹߴʮ˸Ͻ֪ͨʮүɣ
ʮڳ԰һʱǲ֪Ϣ
֪ˣȻ˻ˡ
ʮ׿ȻรУ⻹ͷһء
ʮе㷺죬̵ͷūȥ֪ͨʮˡ
Ա߸ϺʯϳٶЩᡣ
ӣ״Ҳһϲʮס֣˵ѾǺüӵĸˣ֮˸עЩʲôö̡
һµĵģĸţ͸žžĴˡ

İϻصԲ԰ǰ鷿ϴʰһ£һѣˬ߹԰Сӣ
ʮþһۣôһЦʵһ߾ַסҪӣ
ӣûڻشѾǰȥǣס˰̧֣ͷͶϲصʮﻳСˣ
һµǴ⡣
İ˵ⲻôôϲѶˣ
ӣЦž͸͡˵ϯϱһи߸ˣ;ٵͿ͵ʱʮȻŻˡ
ʮȥӣո׳һϲĺϢˡ
İţҲЦݡΪʮܸеˡ
ʮܵĵһˡʮҲΪ˸
ʵʮü޽ҲһӣδϢǽһȥϲѶ
İЦЯӣ̧֣Žūϲˮ
İŵӣи֮ˣ֮ϲ
ӣͺԼǼһ
һʱ̧֣ԼǼ⣬ЦеľͶİүô˵Ǹӹء
İһ¾ʹЦ

ʮû죬Բ԰һˣţ˵֮ǰĸ԰׼ʱǴˡ
İ¶ӣǰһ飬֣͵ԼߣǣȤƣ˼лϲˡ
ӣ
ûʲôİôһ˵úʮרŸлӶรʮϲһ㡣
ֻҪʮһп˳˳Сޣĸƽˡӣվԭص
İ΢΢֣һͰϽԼˣЦЩΣյϢʮĸүܲˣӣʲôʱٸܵã
ӣַϣ˵仰»ȥȴܿƵĺ
İЦЦͺūˮ׼ϴԡЪϢˡ
ˮ׼õģʱ溰浽˽ڣɽƵġ
ϴûϰɫ£ӣëϻˮɵˮ飬ڽëҪ䲻عš
İһ־Ͱᱧ

ո͸֮ķ϶һһĵϡ
ıͰɢ
ӣ۵ʱͿˡ
һתͷİߣ೤
ӣֱס뵽ķݣɵЩȡ
İ˯֮䣬ģģ˹
ûֱۣ㸲ֱԼ


557 

ӣ΢΢ͷո֮䣬Ȼ뵽ʱǲˡ
Ҫİ𴲣ŷӦԼѾھˡ
Բ԰볩԰ܽ
İ۾ˡ
öʼһſڣжˣӣӣ˵˲ŴūţϴҪþߣŵ˽
İǱ߲ʰˣŮʣӣ
ӣһߵͷЬһ߾ͿİѾˣת΢΢Ц⿴
߹ԴԵһ˿ɳƣ˵ĳ磺˯һ
ӣվİ΢΢Щûã̧ˡ
İ΢΢̧°ͣ
ĿעĶؾ͵ǡ

İ֮ӣǾױ̨ǰֻŮźԼ˸ͷֱһЩ֬ۡ
ŵĸС¯ţƮ˹ӣһҳѣȥ𻨸⣬ֺһࡣ
±
Ͼʱˣ±ҲˡԲ԰ĴŷģȥȹŲ١
ӣһ͵ҧһڲŷĵŷۣеʻ˼
ͦóԡ
һֱŶˣ𴲣Ҵҵس˼ڣ͹ȥճӣȥԲ԰ˡ

԰Уšӡžµȴν԰ˡ
Ͼһղɻķϡ
ڳ԰ϽǾԶ⡪Ҳһн֮ΪóڸŰǰ£ֱ֪šʤţŶҪٱաԺŵ£ÿս͸ڸ
ڸ͵԰ӹĿ
ټšԱⷪӼʹĻҲƵ˳԰һû
ΪУ硢İ硢尢缸ͦæ
һգ͵˿գӳ԰鷿ɹʦҪѧʣǸźN尢Ĵ԰źNϰˡ
尢Ĵ԰ȻԲ԰羰ʵڼ԰ģǺNסԺӣѾԺˡ
ոս£NС̫ǰԼһ˳Ϳ
ֵܣƣNһϰģʱ۾˹ʣ˵Ҳˡ
תͷſڿȥͿС̧̫࣬һֻŵ˽
ȻֵʵʵģȻзĶͻжϳһֻ
NһЦһ־ͰѸӵĲ
Ȼֻͨѩסûһɫİ۹׺ݣһˣʱڴĴȥ˺üɫë
צӶǰɫġ
֪Ͻ֮Уķ֮УΪĿġ
ν顱ָľͨѩ׵Ķաڹꡢ¹
ҪһɫûеĲ㡣
ʹսƣһüͷӥ
NҡͷҲ
NָеζؾͶԺ͵Ϊͨת֣ɺˣ
ҲЩԾȥݵӣû뵽Ȼת⵹ϡˡ
NŬľͶͼĸ
ֻǺܱӵĿüۣȻһԴĴﵽһȥҲˣԹԵë
NЩûӣֱѻ˿ȥֻǶ˵˺ЩлȻŵź棬˲ǮˡǮͦࡣ
ĬĬһ˲㲹ȥ
NһҡͷҲ
˶٣תͷźͣĹΣҰ˵ģʱαطҪң
ֽӵĲϣڶĺNŪһ
ֱźͣϳֵܡ
ҡͷͬһһ㣬ɫһοУһ귨ֻҲҪġԴ鷿귨ҲǰʹһΡǿ㣬׼ڻ귨ǰν
NɥȥСֽ̫ˡ

һϣд£īˮĨ˲ϡ
ۿҹһˣͳС̫ȥԲ԰Űһֻ˵Լ帮ˡ
Nһ޶޲ˡ;ǰҪͨ˼
ֵܣٱһУıȥˣNص
û귨ٰҸϳȥĴεϺҲʤЩᵹ£
˵
⣬֣ĶԱߵūҡҡ֣Ĭؾٲ뿪ˡ


558 в

尢ո߳ǰ鷿ҪȥǰմӦ˽չȥĿһɨͿǮԺС̫ڵԣ˵ǮѸӲ̹үȥơ
尢΢΢ݣ͹ȥˡ
ǮǱߣǮѾſڵˣ尢һ¾ǰȥס尢ĸ첲ЦŵүôŹ
尢绹ǣ˫֣½һ飬ŵū˵㲻
ǮһЦԺߣһ߾͵ɲǣĺӸղŽҵĶƤҪߴˣҿүӲŰ
ĿǮϵĶϣһӾͱˣסǮϵ˵
Ǯϱסһ̨ߣһЦŵ⺢ضǺүһӢµĺж
尢΢΢˻Ρ
뵽ղźͱźN飬N캰زԸģ
ֲ̣Ҫıͯ꣬ϧNȥ궼ķˡ
񣬿ģҲܶӡ
ͱϾĸĶӣ㶽٣ܶٵʱ
ʵýȥΣؼûжģ¾űӳҲá
Ǯϱ尢尢ūţյҩ׼ʱź𣿡
ŮϽ͵үĻҩźˣүģ
尢ŵͷոǮϾסӣĺء
尢һ֪У಻ʣȥǮˡ


Ӳĵãǰ˵үǰ濴ź͡N飬ϻͦˡ
һֱû˵;ЩԾˡ
ȥƿô¡϶Ů͵
һŮѾˣһѵֻ˵үСǵ鷿Ѿ̧รԺӵķˡ
ϱǮѸ˸غˣӲǮȥˡ
รүҲֻƣȻӦģһܻŮȰϵ
ҧ촽⻰ֻЦүȻקȥǺô׾ͷү
վžԼϸװιģͭϡǵһ˴Լ
֪ˡ
ˮɡ
ϵ
ˮ˼ҪϴˣŮţ֪รѾ˼ȥ
ϾūţҲ˵ʲôŮĬĬʰϵĲյȥˮˡ
ʱүߵūȴˣ˵Ƿ尢˼ϸЩҹ
еϣۿūˮһؽ˵ֱлˡ

ҹˮ
ڴϣȴûбۡ
Ŵɫ
Ǯһ̥֪Ů
ǸкӣͳүڶǮ˵ɷรˣรһˣүһŷ̧ĸӵݡ
ĺNѾ꣬ѧҲһء
Ǻ԰ţ֪ڹ鷿ʲô⾰
뵽꣬΢΢߬ڱ˫֡
ޣ
尢Ϊ˱סԼڻʰеĵλʼնûΪNƴȫ
ѹֺNʹ䣬֮尢ҲʼһƵģ
Ǯϼ֮󣬵尢һӣֻ尢е˼תƵСϡ
ϱۣķݺݵִһ´̡
帣帣Ǹİ
Լոռ޽ӸʱǱ˴˽ʱӵĲรȻû˵ôԣԼ֪ģǶͦĽԼĽ尢ĵոǸϺˡ
ǵ꣬ȸ尢˳ӺN帣Ҳһֱ缺źN۰ǻ
ҲΪˣϺͺNЩӲܹô̹N¶꣬ǻص֮󣬶ԼλնһСʱ𾴡
帣ĳȴûֶΡ
ҪȻҲǮôˡ

鷿NҲֲסߺһͷˡ
͹ȥɸֵļ򣬼NһſϣһеԼϣҲҪ˯ģ
̾˿źNһдɷĴ֡ʵNͦÿһһܿСʱĹס
ֻϧʱ⣬Ϸ·˵ġ
Ҳûгˡ

˯ʱūǹغ˴ĵȫ˳ȥ
Nղŷϴ֮־ˣڴϾתͷź͵ķ
͵Ĵڴ£΢ԶһЩ
㻹ǵСʱҲĲĸϣ
ڰ͵ǵá
Nʱ˵ˣǺܴģǿࡣ
һ䡰ǡȻǺ˲ͬĻǡ
Ͱû˵


559 

˵NҲûڣﰲ˰ΣںΪNѾ˯ȥʱ򣬺ȻNȻһЩ͵͵صֵܣģǻ뵽ҡ
ңûⳡʣӦҲڱԱɡ

ڶϣNʱ򣬻ǱСֱֺ̫Ȱ
Ͼǰ˯ó٣ڴϣͷκģòǿۣȻˡ
NһӾˣȥǰֻ鿴˺һַŪ
ưػ˸ƣתͷ˺Nһۡ
ԱߵļС̫Ͱ󰢸磬ǸϽϴʰɣһ鷿óˡ
N֮ԱǣŪеİһص˱ˣʲôϵʮֲ˳ۣҺαȥ
˵ţNһ̧ۣͿĺѾſڽˡ
ȻŰꡣ
Nһ尢磬ŵһ¾վֱӣ͵͵ؽӵ
尢粢Ǳͽģϳ֮ǰӣǡɾͺײˡ
̫٣ϱ̰˯һᡣNϽͶŸ׽͵
֪鷿濴
尢ӣҲʼεģʹŶ⸱ֺУģҲֻΡ
򵥶˼䣬˵Ҫ׽ʦѣƩͱǡ
尢Ҵҵسȥ԰ˡ
ͺͺNԼʰ֮Ҳų԰ӣ
Ȼһ³֮˳԰鷿
ӻһҲûӹȫͿѧʡ
ֵNʱﶼһ亹˭֪ʵģǡñϺ͸N񲹵¡
ǺNȻö϶Ȼɻˡ
ȵʵ˼⣬NҲ顪պѾ٣ʱNһ临
ϾԸ룬˵Щģ֧֮С
ž;˲Ծ
ɫɨһվںNԶĺ͡
΢΢ͷϵı顣

תۼ䵽˰ڣһת
Բ԰ʱǽһʤأǵﶬתʱһһĺ紵ɾͲˡ
ϲȥģʱҲȥˣֻ˵䡣
ȻŶڻѩﻭ
ʵϡǵһСʱ׽٣ֻʱûкһֱѧȥʱǶ٣Ҳֻ±Żԭȥ
Ƕ񡪡ʱ򣬿ðٷϣһʱ١
վͺãٵʱʶƽʱһˡԵ÷ƽͺ
Ǹոһָ
ӣףڶĵ׵ʼնڵ갢ϵ飬һݴ򲻿Ľᡣ
۹ȥ꣬˿ԶȬ
SĬ֮伸ûн
Ľ͸Ѵˡ
ร򣬱İ粻Ը˵ĳ衣
ӣûйȰο񡪡Ͼÿ˵ʹࡣ˱⣬˸ͬܡ
Լһǳȥ۱˵ָֻšδ̫Ը
Ǻþͺڣÿκһʱ϶¶ͯĵ׵Цݡ
Цӣţ֮࣬Ͷһο
ۿԲ԰ס˶ˣ԰ǸǱߣڴ׼ŻȥĶ
ϾԲ԰ʱ䣬Ҳһ죬м仹˼ա
˵ʹͣ԰ԼҪȥĶ㹻װٳˡ
ӺʱҲ޽ĵһ׶Σܻȥˡ
ʮһͷϹˡ
Ϊ׽϶ӣҲ첻
һһ߾ͳ̾һӣ˵Ǯţα
Ʃ尢ʱǮϾһСˣģ
尢԰ӣǵʱǮϾͱһӡ
ҪжţҪ裬ж裬Լ̥԰ֱ޲úߡ
帣ôǵոҲ̫
ǶϺ͹϶รǮϼֱûǷ
ټǰһľһλҽݴ򣬹֮˵Ǯһ̥ʮа˾Ǹк尢統͸˵ĲУʹǴ
˭֪ǲȴͨ˴Ǻӵķӿɶأǵոǰ춼õᣡһ˵һ߾Ŀڡ
ˣӣϵĵģ⻰һֶ˻


560 Ĭ

϶ӣͷɲǣ
˶٣һ˲ūǶѾ˳ȥˣŶӣƲǵոֻլʺ񣬲ûĵġ
尢Ȼû޵ĵز帣˵ҲѾ㹻ѿˡ
οʱûеӣûеӡ
׶ܵѹҲȫһġ
ûͷʱ̬ǺһӾͿġ
Ϊʲô˵ʱһʰ쵵δ
߲һܻȺš
ڴͷӾͻúùࡣ
帣ҲѾʮˣп֪
ǲôϾǺϵ飬ӣֻۣǰοϣүѾˣֻҪNúõģԺչǺӣط
⻰¾Ѿˣӣ̸ȥͷŽĹ⾰µףƸûϽǹˡ
û˵ͷ񣬲֪ʲôȻ˼ڸղŸǮϵϡ

ڵ˹ꡣ
̻ϽǣλӰҲŻص˾еĸۡ
ӺʱѾ˰ٷ֮ʮӣŮǷţӺĴţЩʶˡ
Ǻúɣ
ҲǣϾѾˡ
ΪİѾ˱仯ҲӴǰıո·ĸ֡
Ƕ԰԰ҲˡдһƬȥס
ݶϵɫߣⷺʣӣ̲סһǰİıӰ
뵽ԺӺΪǱ
ӺҲΪӺ͹

˸ڸֵصūǣѾԺſڵĿյӭӵȺˡ
รСǻˣūһϲؿͷȥӭǻظ
ӳ԰صϽǣӷæİҲæˣÿ飬ʱ򼸺ˡ
Խ¶š
æΪٽ꣬ӺĳˮҲǲϡ
Ҳร񽻽ᡣ
ӣںԺŷϵСӣ徲ְУֵܲĳ;ȥ
ˢԼĴڸУһзͷøĸ
ԽˣѾڹճŸףÿðԼȥ
ÿװĻ࣬ûͣ
İȻûôʱŮģסŮĥӲݣǱ㲦˰㡣
Ȼ˵㡱ʵҲھӺ൱һյУһŮţʦ񣬿ϰ
ʱǵ˿գ鷿Ҳá
ҲźN
NȻôãǳϽǡ԰֮ϣϣǵһΡ
Щ΢΢Ծ죺СʱѾͷ񶼳ôˣ
񿴼NһƲ죬ָСʱ˵Ͳϲڶôˣָ绹ǡ
ְ˸ˡ
ȻаԣNڼӢϲ˵֡
һһָ磬Щʹ죬ۿһ
ͷ˺һһ㡣
ڶܵͬʱܵؾ̤ǰһļס
̽Դšָ硱Ͳס
һһͬʱ͸һ˵Ĭ
NȻͲˣֻŰ⶯
һ˲ϾرֱۣЦЦشŰ
۹мشתŰ
΢΢򱡱촽ȻֱͦģĶȴЩˡ
˵˼仰˵ѵùһˣҪԼ翴
ۿվһԣһַϣһִźNļ̲סСЩ
ŸȻһЦҪа绤ҡ
֪ǲǺNĴԱ΢΢ԴȥܾðĴǱߣĨһ˿Ц⡣
Цת˲ţʵ̫ˣNûȷز׽ѾˮȻˡ
NǼ⣬תͷһ֮飬еĺ͡

һۣʮˡ
Ӻ˾ûжϹӣȻںԺȴҲü泤ſͿ͵
̻˸ûͣҲӦĹơÿҹĻٵʱ򣬹ƴεڵʮֺÿ
ⷪ硢ӼȺֻ̳ûֹͣİ粻ȥĶܲ˺͡
Sôλεض˸
˶óรµĶӣѾΪһöӡ


561 

ʮ괺ӵӺ԰ش⸡
ǺһԾȥˣĴˣİѾų˻ȵ磬͵ȥ鷿ˡ
Ѿйˡ
ȻҲ˵鷿ϸ֮Ͼ·ǾصСԣȫû뵽鷿ﵽôһ⾰
и
SͲ˵ˣٺ͸׸磬һʲô¶׵ġ
ôţڻоĸİˡ
ϲߵС̫࣬ȴһЩɰõСŮ۾Ųȥ
ЩСŮȻ˵ǡūšʵӣһִӽǿҲСѧһͣͱȺϸѡ
İҲֺͦϲЩСѾͷ԰ѺߵŮȫˣֵһЩС̫֡
ֻ˼ɴֻӺ֡
ʧ
СŮǺļ죬߷ǹˡҲİ⣺Ϊ鷿ڼҪΪ׼
⣬รļ¶׼
֯츮ϺƯúһۣһƥȫСͼ֣ĺܣټ׺˽ߣڹ߻谵ĵطҲ⡣
źϲ
޲ðԭȸøѵĲҲ
һɾͲˡǰ巿Լ͹ϣԼҲûУΪʲôҪ˵أ
Се
ۿŽ㲢ûаѺöøԼ˼ѣƲƲۿžҪ޳ˡ
ǼλСӷִȻͷȰֻǺĺϡ࣬˵ȥ巿Щϣʱ綼зݡ
ôԵýһףѾȥӣˡ
ӣίöһֱۿת
ӣһſֱۣǸߴ磬ǰǰһڵϣ˸˸¼
СӺȻô˹ӣʲô£һһˣһ˵һͨ
ټūǴԱ߽ͣӣ׷ʲô¶
Ʋң͵
ҲŹˣԱһΡ
ͷӣһȴеģ
ۿǶվڵأ֪ãӣͷӵ֣ѽһߣŵҲߴ磬ϾҪˣԵȶһ¡

ӣתͷЦеص£Ҳ¡ȻöǱˡȻˣҪġ
˰ΣͷֵС۽ǣǿĸСһһȥˡ
һȻվЩĻģӣˣܵʵϲǲϵĻøˣ
ʱҲѾรγߴ綼Ǻˣ巿˹һţ湧ؿͷŶร˳ȥ
ˣӣת͵ģȱ𼱡
ƺȥӵСԴϲһҲһϲΪʲôһҪøأ
˵ˡСӦСġ
ӣ˼سŶһȻһضź㰢öٸСܻܵСãȵܵóԺ󣬺İ֮綼øܵþͺˡ
һ˵һҪߣūŷԸȥھľű࣬ϲĶպá
һӾͼץΧӣתҪ
Աߣһ¾Цˡ
ӣͷŶӣʩˡԼԸ⽫İ֮øܵãôΪʲôҪأ
˶٣СⰮϧǻ㣬ⲢɡӺļңվǰ׽㣬ֲȻҲ㡣ٹһӣǽ鷿ڹѵҲҪֵô
ӣᣬȴûͣ£ѲϣġǸ㣬Ƕ۰ǲ㣬Ҳûд
˵ˣɿصСԴ
е㲻ģȥСֵˣҲʲô¶ղеͷˣҲˣøܵܰɡ
ӣҡͷǰС£ֻҪǽԸ̣ҲԣܾܵͿ鷿ˡܵܣǺ
鷿˵աĺˣǶвСӵġ
һŵܵܵĺס


562 ̥

ӣȥǣźС֣һͻȥˡ
ȵӣԸūȥˮֽӸӲ˲ŰѶӱϥϣ׺ཱུգͷϲһҪôзӣñĸԸ˫ַ͵ǰҪôƾԸıȥȡ
һ±飬̧ͷؿŶ

ʱ򣬺¶ˡ
黹С˵Ǻ谮ǸǮϡڻ԰ɢʱ򣬲֪ôͱ̨ϵ̦ýŵ״һ£Ӹ߸ߵСͤϹ
Ѫˡ
ûȵǮϾ˺ѷεĲҽУѪģһš
˵̥ѾˣǸкĿܿ
尢Ϣ絶ϽںſڻЩһӡ
ȵʱǮץͿ˵Ǻ԰оԲѰǰҲɢȥģôƫƫЬӴء
һ˼ó裬ںҲںĺӡ
̦ɫ̣ϸ˿ëһɽʯˮءߡǽʪصʪ˼֮
Ǯߵĵطȴûȥġ
෴ȥ˻ͦ࣬⸮ԺÿӶȥ
ĸǣҲʱƤںԺġ
ͬʱһߣ尢ߵ˾͹ȥϸˣү˵ǮѸˤ֮ʯϵ̦ۺͺ԰̦һ
尢԰иľūţֺ˾֮лľׯӵר˶̦ϸȡо֮󣬷Ǯ·֮ȵ̦ͺ԰е̦ѹͲһࡣ
˽ֲ̦ΪںۼѾǰ˺һӸ
ΪֲܺΧΪһ塣
尢Ȼʺ񣬵飬Ҳ۾ǮŮȫץ
⣬԰֮иľūҲ꣬һøƵģ廨͵尢ǰ
һ֮̿ʹ£ʵڿסˣµ˵֮ǰ԰֮УľѲรߵū
ģ֪˵ʲô
һ¿ͱѣ尢統һ߷ūţһڵˣҧ͹ȥԺ
ϲԼӴ帣Ժ
͹϶һ帣˵
帣ҲǸոմǮչ˻ǽͷöľƣʱû뵽尢ȻͷĴ˽
Ű屻ǽϣײ˾޴
帣˶һ¡
尢ֱӾߵǰݺһ߹ϣ˵
ᣬŭһŤˣ˵ʲôʱ򶯵˼ı˶ãͳͳ˵
帣Ϳŵ˶ľˡ
ȵӦ֮ͬסӵļɴֻۣ־͸ɤң
帣尢ǰ˵ʲôϽǰ͵үϢŭһֱǮѸ¶Ҷ磬ֻŸôοǮѸǣүǧҪ˵ĺԣ
϶ϼ״ҲǰүѽЩ̷үľ帣Ҳǹмӡǵ죬˼֮ˣлʲôҲ˵׼
尢ﻹýȥЩֺݺݵؾҪߡ
ȥͻľūŶʡ
رסԱߵӣ뵽尢ǰĶţźԺ檣˵ܵҲġ
㣬ǺԻ֮˶䡣
ʹү㣬ɱⷬ裡
尢ЦΪң
ϴ˸սȻֶԱߵ帣ȣһȴƺˣǱˡң
帣Ȼһҧ첽ߵǰ±үҪã罫ҲһȥϾΪոûнร̺ܽãĲǣ
尢帣Ҫڣվǲ̣Цŵã˾䱾ĵոദʮأŤһˣ
ǸǮϵĹ
尢ϰΣ͵һ֡
ίڵأʱȥˡ
϶ϼ״ϽҲǿ˺üͷȻСĵ尢ɫſ˿ڣүɮ濴棬ѽϾǴ󰢸ĶүΪ˴󰢸롭
˼ǣ尢ôԺһ·ϸϵȥ
ôūسţԺϾͲˡ
NҲ̧ͷˡ


563 Nɥĸ

ᵽN尢ɫҲ侲
϶Ϲڵϣֻͷ亹֪尢Ǯʢ衣
ʢҲûͷġ
ڸ⣬Żʰˣ尢ĳصĺ
ǹ尢磬İļֱǾ
ǮȥҪӵģ
϶ϾǮϲֻǡġô򵥡
Ȼ뵽ǰʱҲҷֱʤ֮ʹ̫ߵǲɿأ֮¡
ʹ˼ʹ¾ķ̫ӡ
尢磬ֱù϶ϻɡ᲻Ǯ϶尢ʲôƣ

¶һӣǱֻҧʸڷϡ
˵жӺN尢Բȴܲһλĸ׶Ժӵά֮ġ
˵ֱһЩǮһ̥кΣ
ز۵ĺô࣬⺢ܲ˳δ֪ء
Nôˣοĸӷֱֵ꣬Ͷǰ;ĴԸǮ
ǮҲô

ľūţڱһ֮̿ȴֻҧ˵Ѳรϲ԰еĵлľūŹȥҲֻʣֲܲܶһЩƷַԼ԰С
ΪƹδطϣѲรûҹʣֻ͵͵İ˽˵˵
νġ˵˺һ
尢鵽һʼûȷе֤ݣͶǲܲźN
֮УԽᣬÿεǮǮʧ֮ʹտ޿䣬޵尢ֻԼǸˡ
ûǮˡ
尢練ƽĹ϶ȥˡ
϶ϴĸԣĸŮһʹ˻ǻ尢ĳ档
ӻеġ϶ο尢硣
ǵģеġ
Ǯ
϶Ҳ
϶ϴһ˿Ц
ô벻ءǮѸᣬǵ̥Ҳٻϵڶĸӵġ
ˣ尢ǺŮѡҲкܶŮӽ
סô
Ųñ˵ĶӳԼĶΪ尢޿ƫ

ϴӴǳʧˣյ£尢粻֪ʲôʱֻʦ
û죬ϾͲˡ
һǺء尢һţ߹ϣ
ϿʼССڵѪ
ΪºN֪ڸӹϵӲûūǸߺN
˵ˣNԽԽԵȻ֪飬ѹûϵ
帣չūǶǲȥˣڴǰ
Ĩᡣ
ôִ£帣һӲᣬһ߶촽
ϲ˵ǻһŨŨѪŨ¡
ҲûҩûҲֻ˸ʣ˵첡
첡Ѫ
ֻܿЦ念ô꣬ţȻ͵첡
ĶҲ˵ͨ
ʲôأ

ϾôصĲûа취סġ
ûв©ǽN֪ܿˡ
֪֮òУ͹ĸˡ
N棬ūŲýֻ˵ร첡ү˵ˡⲡȾˣõЩ
NĿҲƽǸ²ĵɢģˡ
һ֣ƿūžͳ˽
涯ʱ򣬾ѾӴˣҴææͿЩۣ֬ŬԼݿôĲ԰㲡
Nʱ򣬾Ϳڴߣŵá
ԷڵϾ͵ӲТﲡأӾȻ֪
ϳ΢Цǰ飬Ǻ¶
˵ȥˣǻѪҪð
ƴʡ
ūŹͨ˵Ӻรӣͣڸ⣬ʱѾȥˡ
ԴΪڣò׽Ӹߡ
ӣҴҵص˲รԺݿϵһۣһ
û뵽Ѿ־ء
ֱһϢʱҪ徵ģ
ǵĺԺͺһ裬ֶ֮ء
Ƿǣһ֮ˣӣô˿̸Щʲô塣
ϱϾʶһӣģһᣬϽ˰ѴĲƷˡ
Ǻö
ڴϣ۰Ͱ͵ӣкͰ磬࿴ŵN⺢꣬СʱһӣұҲѷģ
ӣҪ˵üͷһ壬תȥŴ⡣
źū֪รҪѪˣϽͽͭ˹ȥ
һ帣Ҳˡ
նҪϵġ
㣬Nиˡͷϣƴս帣ֱ֣
帣תȥˣһʱͿһʱѣôˣ⸱ԣԼĶӣԼţҿɲˣ


564 

ҹʱ֣һ
ߵϢֻ˯֮УҲ̫ʹ̵࣬Ůſڴ˯ˣȵ΢ʱ򣬲ŷֲรӶˡ
ūǿžȥ帣Ǳ߱ɥˡ
帣ոմ˯֮оѣϢڴر߰ޣȴʪؿڣôһƬ½
ūǹ棬ǲھȥ尢Ǳ߱
帣˵˺һǿ尢Ķ
ūǻشǹ϶Ѳร帣סˡ

尢һһݣֵһɥ󣬺ֻʣһλร϶ϡ
϶ϳʱ䣬Ǯ˲ٲ֮Ʒȥֻο˵ȻȥˣҲ޿أǱ㲻Ҫˡ
˻ᣬùǰ
û˺ӵǶȥˣеˣǽʱ򣬽һ纮زˡ
ֿҲӲҧ
尢ڹ϶ϵƽ⣬Ŷĸ񶼶˲ٷͿ佱϶ϰ֮صһһˡ
NǱߣԴӽ˶֮˱ñȴǰĬࡣ
ĳĬͺS֣һ
SĳĬСĽսսΨԼ˵ʲôʲôû·ĳĬ
ֳĬûеġ
NһͿԸоõNĳĬŨĺ⡣
ֻŬֳѡ
ûа취ȥѵʹ࣬ǱߣѰ˲ٷ𾭣ȥN
ʵN꣬𾭿ıˡ
ֻЩҲֻ۾ѹûȥ
һ£ȴˡ
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ԱߵūĹ⾰Ȱŵ󰢸磬ǧޡ
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һӣԶԶԵĺӿȵġ
ʹ尢ô谮Ǯϣһ㻹ǵġ
ǮϣԴС֮󣬱ϾᣬҲָۿ帣ȻУǮҲżʹ˻˵үȥͬ´͵ĲҶ˵ӱҪүȥơ
帣ҲȻ˵ʲô
帣ȻֻĬĬˣۿ尢ͷţ֮һʼҲԴϲ
ǽģЩ߶˲ľƣ֮ˡ
϶ϳʱر尢˵ЩǮ϶Եոǰľٶ
Щ֮١
϶ص˵ʱ帣кӣ尢ʮλ޵ʱ
Ȼʮܳ裬һֱ尢Σ尢ЩȻϲ˵ʲôѾ֡
ǹ϶ǱߡÿǮϹ帣밲ʱ򣬹϶ϱǽŸͷǮϲǲת
ôܳ裬ҲǸ
һ񣬻Խõոͷȥ
ˣ
帣뵽ϣҲֻĬĬز
϶һĬǾ͸Ӵˡ
ȵǮǱػȥֻʣ¹϶Ϻ帣ʱ򣬹϶϶帣ȰҲҪԴʲôˡǮ֣
ף帣һƣҲЩ̫¡
ǸǿӲʱǿӲôνĳҲֻųĺڡ

ӺӣԺҲ˲١
ȻӣǺ񳤴ˣϲԺͺ߶ùߵūţҲǹõġ
ӣ˶ŷȥæˡ
ŷĹģҲܿ͹ۣ˵մԽʱܽС
ʱС֣ŷĲǡˡ
ʿ˺üˣӣЧԲ԰ǱߣҲŷūֵַʮϸ£߲ˡˡ㡢ˮ˭ֱӽӴˣ˭׼̤ŷݵš
ЩȫҪֵ
Ѿӣรˣǻһȵĳƺ
ʱǺˣǰһᱻ̵ֱͬ񺰶ûʲôˡ
ӣһʼӸĿڣЩϰߣöˣҲЩ֮ˡ
ʮȥֻдʱ̫Ⱥġ
ﶼǾ˵ļڡ
Ӻ½ɫɫʰ쵣ɷǺÿӣźӺĺ԰㡣


565 Ѳܸ

ģ˹ڳߣȥСĴõòС
һȥл
ˮɽӣǼ϶ˡ
Ҳ壬Ůģʼ׽㣬ȴˮˮ̡
ӣվںм䣬ɱ˳֮ꡪϲϱõȫǾӨˮ顣
װŵɴۣŶͰˮ˻ȥ
ԱߣŽžЦ
ЦҲˣҲˣͨһڲݵϡ
İظ磬һĻ԰ӣŮӣ˾ͬĸŮһ㣬һš
Ҫȥ˵ģ龰ɵؾͣ˽Ųվ˺һ
öһתͷİ硣
һ꣬ϵıûиղôɿˣĬĬشץС֣ʶؾӣ˶㡣
ӣסļ򣬵ͷһۡ
ԹԵظǰˣİ縣ӣǸ밲
İµǣˮ׽㣿
һ˵ţһ߲ݵϼβղűĽ𡪡ûüսأʱβͣڲݵóһƬʺΡ
ˮĽҲڰȥ
ӣǵԼԽ֮ǰǰȥ棬ǺĽһĽִַʣÿﲻοͶιʳӪ̫ãÿһ𶼳øͷˡ
ʵһͷҲͰˣôȫһƴڣϵҪʳ
һĻ͵һͦ˵ġ
ں԰ЩҲͦ
˵ŻأȻһƵģ͵ľ͵ĺøߣˮ۾ˡ
ȥ׽ס̫Сûס
İ翴˺һ£Ƕӣ¸¾Ҫˣȥ˵ľ¡
˵Ȼ׼һӦȫǸϵĴҲš
˵׼¶һǱҪء
ңϾͻС
İĲⷽ룬һ룬ļ΢
ǴŮɣ˭Ůڸꡣ
µʮ߰ټҲü
ﻹжʮż˵Ĺء
ӣŴ飬͵ҽҩЩ¶óֻǴϾСǵһһ㲻ǲܵġ
İͷһøѮ˿ȥ㺢˵˵ҪһЩ
Աߣ飬ɫתͷһԹԵ棬Ҳû˵һ仰

ʱİӸԺǰ鷿ȥһѣϴ˸ֽӼ˺üˡ
ҲйϢ˹
һֱϦʱ֣ƣķеֽʣվ΢΢չһ½ǡ
Ϣ˵ĺ꽫Ѳܸ
νָܸıǹĵط
Ѳңɽֻ࣬ҪھǸļѲҼɣΧչ̫
ܸʼ滤ĻӰǲְơ
νְơÿ˶Ҫ鸸ʳѲᵳӪ˽
Ȼ㲻ܴͬȥһΣİûȥʮȴڿյ㷶Χ֮ڡ
֮ǰ̫֮ʱʮҲǣ˽ȥ粨ңȴϸϸԡ
˿ţƲʮ̬кα仯֮ǰӰʹ;԰ӣʮҲûб£ʹ˽԰
ΪֻѲܸʮ縮֮У׼ҲǰǼѲѲңҪǰ׼
ӺУûһӣͽӵϢǱҲˡ
Ĺ̲˳һҹٰ尾֮£һСŮ
ûֿŵ׼ȥˡ
֮󣬸˵Ůӳʵİ磬ü۶һģ̳ġ
Ǻʹû̫֮ǲ˵˼ĸŮ
ӣӶȻᱻүֺǺǵص

ʮ縮ʮΪУո׼ϽҲ˿Ҫӣ֪׼ĸĲรãʮǰİ硪˵ɷรΣ׼һڸ
ŻʰҲᰲġ
ӣȻȥˡȥһ
һʱûӣ΢΢һ׼˲٣˫°Ͷˡ
Ϊ׼ôزˣͿŮϸ׼ϸԲ¡
Բôأ
׼ϸͣ˵ҲҪиʵġ
е˻ڼôҲԲ֣е˺ȿˮܳ⡣
Ϊˣ׼ж֮ҲͲôˣпϣӣѸ׼СѶó
еĻƵĻ˵ʮһϲ巿˸ˡ
ӣֶѸ׼Ͽ


566 

׼ϸտѣˡ
ÿѽǣùԼӱȻһ£ȻЦˡ
Цһ׼ᡣ
Ҫߵʱ񻹺Щ᲻ãһֱ׼ϵ֣ʮҹٺͶ
˵ܹ꣬ȥ׼һڡ
׼ϱ̧ŶӣȻһڣһ£ȻЦòС
ԱߵĸҲЦˣǸˣź׼Ϻˮʱĸ˵ԽиߣԽҪкܶ
һƬ
Զ̥Ҳá
Դʮ뿪Ժ׼ȷʵҲѵü׽֮ˣȵʱ򣬿ӣҪߣҲһĳݡ
׼ʾūŽԼ𣬸žһֱ͵Ժſڣֱӣ˵Ѿǻ֮ˣɵ߶⶯̥׼ϲվס˽Ų
ӣ˼ûģͷһȻͿ׼վſڣһŶӣһ۰Ͱ͵ǡ
ģֱСѧվУ԰ſڣڴĸһ
ġ
ҲǸСŮˡ
ӣôţͷʮٴк
ţԶ׼ϻˡ

鷿
΢΢ͷǰСԴסʦߣȻͷԼֻСȥ
ߵĹǰ¸ҵģʱźûעΣ̵ĹСؾ磬磡
úȤ
Ѿǻˣο껹Ӻ
硪͸ǰ㣬Լͬͬĸ׸硣
ô棬СҪùʲôأ
ʿǶ飬Ϊ
Ѿվ˱ʿǡ󡱻Ҫٸһյϡ
ʲô
һСȣַֻ־ȥקǰСӡ
ȻҲûקֲֻŪ˲Ūϵ鷢
һ¶վǴһЩ΢΢תͷע⵽ˣźͿһۡ
磬ٻм־ηģʱСͷֻСִǰΣСҲ
ͬʱƼߣ󡢶ĺNԴſȥˣҲû˹
ܲ͡ƽ
΢΢С

ϻصѾ˺һӵ鷿ǱϾСİ˼ֶںϣСӾɳһЩ
ǺʵǿסڶԺġ
ù֮ڴдΡ˾͸ƨ˸ƵģŤŤȥһӡ
һӶŲһִһֱ͸ද֢ͯƵġ
ūǵĺȰţòײúдһֽ˭֪Ȼͻ룬ëպ˱īˮūͿһһֻϻ
СūȻҶֻܹСԼֽ
ӣȥʱ򣬾ͿЦǰϣūŶͷ֮仭һ֡
ӣصؿһ
תͷˣҲ¡ӺһߵĶϸĸ·ߡ
ǺµģǶˡ
㷸ʲô󣬶ҲֻúõĽ
ϻָŹԱߵūţһӣֱЦ
ʵƽĶۣЦͦɰġ
ǡԴ֮󣬺ⶼѾӿһʱˣдҲһֽ
ӣȥǿū˳ȥȻŰѺ
ֱӾͲϣŤŤȥӣûԾôվԱߡ
ĸ˵߷ƽˡ
ӣдΣΪʲôץأ
ӣգգƯ۾͵ģ½ҹ鷿ĹҲдǲддд
ӣһ£ȵӦ֮һƴĬҲҲҲ
˭˵ģӣʺ
N˵ģдΣ͸Ҳ˵һСŽţվϵ
һţӾ΢΢ӣΣգְѶӸ
ˣͦģټϺĳӣ˼סš
㲻ҪúNˡ֮ǰľǲһӣӵСԴһض
ƤЦ΢΢һ£¶˼飬ֻСֱקŶӵģʱҲˡ
ΣȻ̧ͷСԼߣյӣ߾͵˼˵N粻ãöӱѧ𣿡


567 

ӣ̾ͺĳŶҡҡͷǡáֻǡ⡯ѡ
룬ź˵Ҳû˵ĺ͸ǵҵѲรҲ֪ġԺNܿ࣬㲻ȶԡ
գգ۾ס
ĸ˵Żİǰ鷿ˡ
ӣҪģİ߹ϰ˰ʾ
ȥϺĹΣڵ·ģȥ˼飬Ȼɨ˺һۣ᲻ص̾һ͸ʱ򣬿ɱ̿ˡ
֮Ӻ̫ɢ
ӣϾǸԽִˣԱİ˵һӦ˵᲻̫˺ӵ
ϾȽϡ顪ͺˡ
תͷһĳҪǿö࣬վԭأɷµصͷʹļ׵صѵǣӲ󶨵Ժ͸Ϊ
˵꣬˵ͷ͵͵תŶһգۣ¶һ㶨Цݡ
ӣյ͵ˣӲ˺ˡ

ʮĸŮӺˡ
Ͼĸĵն
ӭŽԺ˶վӭˡ
ĸӣй֮񼸺벻ԼеĺӣȻѾˣÿһҪתͷԸĸּ仰
Ȼ֮ǰѾĸݹСӤģӣһβۿ
˵ǡүһģ̳ġ
İѺӱǰˣֻҪûϹ۵˶ó⡭񰡡
ӣĸ˼֮˵İ磬ѴŮƴİ
ǣ֮顣
ϣɫȴǲõģȻܿҲúӦЩ棬һѪģ˵˼仰Ծ뵡
ԺΪ˸ĸϷ̨
Ϸ̨ӾĵطǸһЩġ
һ͸Ƿţ˼·ϵƣڶڲסˣվԭ
ҿԺҲΣʱ򸣽ôҶ˽ӣȫϷ̨Ǳȥˡ
ӣڿϷʵû̫ȤġǴԽôһʱգû磬Ҳûеֻ׷翴ϷһŶС
ҲֻиſϷˡ
Ϸְ̨յĽ벿ӲɽϷ̨ǳģĵطյȺů裬ʹʮҲо⡣
ůյЩˣһӣͷϾȻһ㱡ϸ
תͷ񣬾ͿŮҲǺ˵ģӣʱˣһᷴ˷纮ūŰŮйָ硣
һ߽⣬һ߲һɨͿԶŵĴ񡪡ȻݻǺܾ뵡ģȻҲˣһ˳Ĩһ¶ͷϵĺ
ĶϺôһƬࡪںģ˰һīˮͿͷϡ
ӣһ˭īˮۣ֬Ϳϣ
ٶһƣӣſֱҲࡪϷ̨ϴ֣ͶĿתһʱȻûע⵽
ӣ뵽֮ǰͷ飬ʱ׹īˮһɫͿϣͷƤѷĵط
еִõķ޲ۡ
ǵùȥڸʱ򣬴ͷƤҪڵ̶ֳȡЩƬķڵסҲͲˡ
Ҳвټѵĵط
һۣҲԼֱϵī
üһͲɫȽԼֱϵĲ˸ɾֻסǣ˵Ҫ¡
һһߴһۻ
ᣬŴ֣ǰȥˡ
ǿ˵ġ¡һָľȥ㡢ױʲô
˵Ҳûע
һǻˡͷѾ޷ŨܣѩǾ¡
ӣͿʱ΢ɲһǲҲܿظģ
ƺûϹôڡ

ܵĴԽԽࡢԽԽƵ
˵֮ǰڴʱ򣬶ôĸӣôڼֱȫǵնôˡ
ֻ
ˣȻϲʲôﶼö⺢ӾúܡһĵոǱ˴Σ
˲รǱߡôͶĶˣİ磬ܶ档
οүҲûĸ֮¡
¶һģɵ״̬
ȻģɣҲпܻΪรŮ
˭Ҳ˵׼¶
รȻӶ࣬ƺΪƽ֮ٽˡǱϾŮҪ˵ġ
һ٣һ˫Ҳࡣ


568 ʮ

Ѳѹ
ΪҲѾҪʱ򣬹¶ʮңͷӡż١
գ¡ٸͬʱӡտӡ
İȥӼݣԷֻʰһ˻˥ࡣ
Ҳࡣ
ʰ񡪡Ŷǵʱ򣬸Ǿ裬ǴȰˡ
ͬʱʰ꽫еĻȨץøˡ»û꣬ʰ겻ѸߣƣִǰͨݡӲӰӡ
Ŀּۣˮӡ
Ȱ˵ʰ岻ʵ£Ȼǰ
͢гһ¡鹢ԡΪ̫ӽᵳܷǲá
νΪ̫ӽᵳ˵˾̫ߵĵǾһ𣬳
ֻǾۻᵹҲˣؼ⼸λﶼһˡ
鹢̲䡢ͳיͶͳɡͼ
ֻҪλһ𣬾㹻ˣοôˣһãѲ˶롣
ǶԴʱʢľԱϸ׿˵͸ˡɹ̫ı
ֻʱˡ
ܿ죬˲⼸λҪԱ
Ҳֻһʾû뵽ǣôһȥȻγܲ࣬Ĳ⡣
鹢̲Ͳͳי룬Ϊͬʱ˻Աľ޶¸۴Խ̡
λԱҲȫ٣ĽĽķ䡣
һʱ䣬⼸˿ʮĿһ¡
Щ˶ǻ̫׽ˣ˵ףǵĻ̫ʵiԼϣûй̺ܽԼ¡
ûй̺̫ܽҲûϧʸԼĵڶλᡣ
ûʶʰ긴Լ֮٣ΪԼ治
ԽԽôӽ޶ۣ󣬼ֱľɵҲ
ͬʱȴԽԽĳ˵ǰ
ǿӿʮ֮ԽԽĴ԰ܡ
Ĵ԰￴ܵūŶ֪һĸۡѾΪ˳¶
ŨʱȥΡ
ϣ˿ʼλԻϴ͸ġϡ֣ʼĥͣ
νϡ
һĳТ𣬹һϡ֡
ͬʱ֮ͨѧʿιڵ˱㷨鼮˵ŴģȻܺãĿΪ̫Ѿʱˡ飬ģú͹Ŵһ
ּС
ԽԽ˻Լ֮ǰǷ񿴴λ硪Ҫ֪淢ֱΪ̫Ӱһֵ֮У׵ı硣
Ϊ̫ͬ磬ͼӣԼ̫ӵҶնءʲ̫˱ɱ̫ӵԱҲȫ䵽˹ʢ£Ȼܶ
佱˲硣
һ鱾Ŵµ¶
ֱ֣
֮Уյ൱һֳĿ⣬Ͷߡ
ųʱ񣬼ֱǳһȴѺеıء

ӺڣһƬƽ˾
ӣźǣʱʱҲܴİڳõĶ
׵úܣ⻹İ翪ʼʱ
İԶԶ

һε
һһȣֻϸѾλεӡ
ӣ˯һģҲû˯ˡ
ö״Ȱ˵ҪҪร֣
ӣҡҡ֣Һһ㶼ȺˮҪϴһ¡
ϴ֮ӣֻûˬ˲٣һ巿£ٱһֻССͰڻūԱ߸
һ硣
ϣİʱ򣬿ӣȻѱͰһֱڻһ֣˵ˡı֮һʱҲͰˡ
ôһֱźǻġ
һ˵һ˰ӣıͰߣȻ˵һϢȣҲһ
ʰҪȥ԰ˡ
ͬǹһ㣬ӰҲҪȥԵĴ԰
Ҳ˵ϾҪȥԲ԰ˡ
ӣûô̬ԱѾ꣬ϲԲ԰Բ԰
İЦŵôܣòҪں԰С·ܰɣ
Ů˵˼仰İ뵽һ¶ӣ˵ˡ帣Ѿ˺ӵ顣
帣ȥﶬʱϵģʱˣ˵ĻǸк
ͷʹ󣬿尢ֻˣֱڹʱĲɡ
ֵ˵ʱҲǶ˵Ҷӡ
ǵӡ


569 ϿƳ


ɫᡣ
ĸСĸСι̣Сò˯ˣŵ˳ȥ帣档
帣֮ϣ£ɫ
ĵ尢羴صȷȷʵʵǳˡר衱ζ
衱͡׻ǲһġ
϶棬Ųյһûһ帣˵ҳл
۶Է˵ʲô⣬ܲ¶ۼĽϣҳнӵԲת磬öԷʮ͡
帣ϲ졣
˵˵ţ˵ϡ
ȻȻģתӺNϡ
ʱʵͱЩˣ϶ϲ̫Ըٽӻֻ帣˵ʲôӦʲô
NǸúӣ帣˵N̲סӡӡ۽ǵʪ⡣
϶֪뵽ϣѹˡ
ѹأ
帣ǸˣǸ
ڵͻСȵԺ󳤴󵽰˾ˣNʱͻᰭ帣ˡ
϶ϲһֱȥ

ڶ죬ӣ帣ˡ
Ϊ˼˺ӣӣ˲ٺ
һ붫õİǰġ
İúˣ
֮ǰزʱӣҲüεģ帣ӣֻ÷Уֱݡ
ڴ
㸣ãӣҪҰȥ帣һùԱŮĸӣһ߾͸̾
ӣӹˣ帣һ¡
͵ʱ򣬱˵ˣʱҶΪԼͦˣӣ帣
⻰ǰ㲻٣ִҲǸ£ڹŴˡ
ӣ˵ְ꣬ο帣СɰôҲֵˡ
ᵽС磬帣϶ʱЦݣͷ
ˣСӣ뵽ˣ帣
帣ɫ֣һ£ܸ˵ؾ˵СֽӣǺ֮ǰõġ
һ˵帣һ߾øֽʹֽдӣ
ӣΪͫ׵ġͫϸһűϹǡӡ
ҲԣһӦǡաƫԵġ
ӡ֣˼ָ̫ɫ΢ӡ
ҲǸ֡
˵һҳ帣˵ʮ׼ϣеʱ򣬸Ҳһǰһʱ䡣
û£ҲҪˡ

֮Уһδƽһ
ֳܿһ𾪳ҰĽϿƳ
ӣӺ˵˲١ԭʮĽݱؽţܶ౥ʫѧӣ˷飬ȴžµķ
ǵȵһ̣ܶ־Ŀɵˡ
Ǳʫ飬ѧ֮ˣ֮ǰҲΪܿϵЩѡ֣һˡ
ϵˣʮݵѧ֮⣬ӵܡ
رۣһڡһг̹
˶ǲѧ竣Ͽǰä
˾ȻҲܿУ
ܶຮʿߣ۴󻩡
ֵ÷зܶ뾡ƽϢ飬ǲñѹķʽץʮ
һ¸ͱѣ鲻ûѹȥԽԽ
Ϊ̫֯ͽ֯ҶԻϲԣټϲܼҺͻҵϵǶԿ¡
ŭ׷顣
µļѵ飬뿼ͨףնٱְ
ĽҲʮˣƩλӵܣΪƽղѧҪŬȥ⣬Ҫȥ
ȻеĹؽڶҪͨ
⿼ͷβһ˾ǧӣ
ӣҲпˣʱǮ
̣ϿƺΧһΡ֣ʵǸ١֡ҵƶУǸ徭ӪģʽΪʼ̾𲽳Ϊ׸Ⱥ壬ֱ峯̸·г˵÷
лƽڶϣǵһ뵽ľԼӵܽٳ
˵̵͵Ƶԭ򣬴ô
ǵ͵ŲƸá
ôƸǲڵϣǸʲôأ
ӣͽ꣬˵һνϿƳҲμӵָˡ
˵ǰǰѾˣڲΣƺ̫Щϵ
귨Ҫһ򾡣ѴС㶼ץΧϺҲܴ
վˮߣء
˵ˣȻӣ귨̫үʲô̬ȣ
ӣ⧲һ¡


570 ײϺ

룬ⷴ˻ȥأ
⵹Ϊάνļҳϣӣô˼ġ
ôһ߼
˼ǵı飬Ավⲽǰ̧պһŵǰ귨Ͽ佱ˣδ͵ˣѵˣҲδ᣻ȴЩˡ
üͷ壬ѹһЩͼλﳣ鷿ŵʱȴ˵һЩҲ
ӣǴ
΢΢򴽽ǣô֪
˶٣ֵ˵Щʱǲܿӵģ껹öԱš
ӣ߹ȥ˶ߣŷֲ֪ʲôʱ򣬶ӵĸͷѾԽԼ
ڿȻҪ΢ˡ
ͼǶ˵˰죬Ҳ˵
ӣסӣӴ΢קһ㡪ж
ָӲ˲ͷϵĺŵ㰢ϲ㣬ȻԱţȻǾĶԻгѰˣԱŵʱδҪִ̫ڽؼôһ㣬ɱġ̣˼άķʽѧˣǱǴ󳤽ˡ
ص˵ͷ
ӣһھû
Ϊ϶ѵţŷиոմׯ棬ӣŷһײϺ
˻ԽǰѧģԴʳԬöġ԰ʳ
ʵӣϺûʲôִǵѧ׵ʱ򣬿˵ʱȴһ¾Ϊָˡ
ʲôСײ
ѧ֪֮νײǰѿƲűߵʳںһζϲײ

˵ʳر򵥣ֻϺ档
ȥͦ򵥣ʵÿһܽ
Ϻͱū׼ˣҲȥϺߣӨ͸΢΢͸ŷɫϺУžʮֿɿڡ
һǼӵ塢Ρƾơ۰ȡ
ȵһ꣬ӣһЩУ׷סϺʣٰѻ󵷳ɻá
ѾūԱ߰кˡеǱϺԴһķ顣
зͣӣϺƶɫ淭
ȵɫ֮ӣ̳Ϻ棬һֻˮκǣϺ淭͹ס̡ѻȵ档
ΪöӸθӣһؿռóĺںۡ
ζͺˡڸеĲҲܷḻڵʱ֭ˮḻ⣬ס˵ζ
Ҳܴࡣ
ȵΪζʱģϺʵζͳˡ
ں΢һֱղܡ
Ϊ˿ζصˣӣŴ࣬ټ͵Ѽ
ȵŶˣҲԱһˡ
źںϺ⣬һ࣬ȻŶ˵ԼԶˡ
ӣӳԵĶͷ϶ǺժԼϵӣһ߸һ߾˵ǳʱ򣬶ԵҲҪſԺˡ
˵⻰е㷴Ӧ--⻰žͺܶ찡ԼԽ֮ǰÿԷʱһ㣬ҲԼ˵ġ
ӣ΢΢һ£˼ܿͱǰ
Ѿӵĸˡ
ӿãȻĸײԡ

ʹС̫Ǿ˵Ҫǰ鷿ȥˡ
ӣͳһֱԺſڣͲŵôôˣ
ӣ˵ʵǺ--ǳȷʵǿ죬ʱ䣬ŮƺͱľһЩ
ľļԭôСѾͷģˡ
ҲǣҲˡ

ϿƳķ粨ûͬǰܿƽϢʿǵŭԽԽ֮𣬿ԭ֮ơ
ʮҲμ󰸡
ӣڸÿÿİͿʮ翰Ʊαĸ֡
Ͽƾٰ£ΪϹעѾΪһش󰸼ɷڹǣˡ
ʮش£¶ܽһľ飬˵İ˵鰸ʱ򣬶ɷӦóȥúƶȥ۷ıġ
Ϊܶδػᱻνĵ˵һᱻк򶯡
һûеòʵġ
İ⣬˲ٴʮܵĻǡ֮ԡ
νˡееˡ
µףʮĵո׼˵Ӻw
׼ϱ帣࣬Ҳǿ٣˵Ӧ帣˳ġ
ʵȴ÷˹׼ΪӣԾ˿ͷ˽ҹ
ˣ׼Ҳ˼ˡΪ̥̫׼Ѫֹ


571 Ϊү

ʮ缱ˣһ԰ǰ˶̫ҽΪʮ쿴顣
˲֢ȴ޲ߡ
ӣ뵽׼ϵ飬ֹסѹ
ȥʮ縮Ͽ׼ϣȴİסˡ
Ҳüͷ壬ʮżʮ棬ֻѲ˵ǹȥҲûӭ㣬˸
Ѿ˶ٲƷҩȥ
ӣһİݡֻѲ˵ʱͳ˳
İ綼ô˵ǿʮĲĻҪࡣ
ҲǣһϵѪҺ޵ġ
һֱôѪֹסĻǻˣ
ҵǣںʮĲȶסˡ
Ҳ˲õĸˣӣϽ͹ȥˡ

׼ϰпڴͷ׵ֽޣΪҪͣصͿ˿̫֬㲣Կ˲ء
ĺ죬׵ĸףԵ÷ҵ
ӣ˲Ʒ׼ֻ΢΢ҡͷЦŵⲹƷѳɽˣûõġ
ӣ˵ûõġ֣;ܡ
˼룬񲻹ʱ⣬úţҴʱ㣬ܻһһõģʮˡ
ӣһ˵һ߿Ůһۡ
ſڴߣӵǵʮ
׼кᣬӣ֣ҡ
֮жǸм֮⣬ȴһʱʣ˵ʲô
ӣwɰˣٳЩȥ棬úС磬㲻֪ǺζŸ˵أ
С죬΢΢Ц
׼ϹȻҲ⻰ЦˣŮҩӣȥԱߵĴŮһ𣬰˷ˡ
׼ʵǸҪʲôġΪ˶ᱡһ߹ͷһ㡣
ӣʱ򣬺Ȼͷʶԭ⸱ǶôˡԭģǸʡ
Ҫǻ׼ӣľͻ帣˵һҪ͵ˡ
л죡
ӣĸл˺üΡ

Դһ֮ӣȻ㳣ʮ縮ȥ
׼ϿȥĶţЦӯӯʵǸͦ۵ӣƽﲻ׾Ҫʱ򣬲ű¶š
ӣÿζúw練ôĻ䣬и̣Сô죿
˭ȽϷģ
뼤һµģ׼غúúҩڳԷܽջָ˭֪׼⣬۾ӣȻͶӵ
Ŀ£׼ϵһһת
ʮµף׼ϵϿʼ˺Ρ
ʮʮָмİǰʱڵı¶˶รĸж֮⣬˵֪รˣΪĸ⡣
ֵơ

ϣİһ鷿￴˺һ֮д˼ţӣȥ
Բ԰ҹǷ⾲׵ģֻǰˮĴŰߡ
СںƯҲֻǸԲ԰ˮūǡ
СϴһƣճƵӰӣİԶ߹ҹɫô͵һһ㡰ºڼơ⾳
ӣӣ񡪡ĸŮСըԪ
ըԪĺóԣٳԲᣬŴһ㱡˪ըĽƤ
ǲһԵ̫ࡣ
һŴײϾըĶͶҲζ
İվŷſڣ΢ЦſӣæıӰһ
öﶼүˣƫƫּİƣǲ
ȵӣתգգۣİЦ֪үˣ
ÿӣһƽƣԲŴڿϣܹȥݸİ磬Ҳ֪ˣ
ѩУӣûóˮġ
İһϵĳˮԶƮ˹
ŵʱİ粻߳ôըԪǳһ档
ȵͺصԼȥʱİסӣ֣ӣлл㡣
ӣһİԭ˵ʮ顣
ʮʮٳչʮãͬʮһæİͷӣĶǡ
֪ⶼΪү
ӣİ޳ָԼḧ
ʵԴԺͦܵġʱҹ˾ʱӣҲţ˭ٿ϶ǮѸĵʱܶȰ˵䡣
ȫȫİҪڻܺúõػš
NҲڳ˸ûĺӡ
ԣ׼ϣʵҲһ顣


572 ֮

ǣ˭Ҳû뵽ǣ׼ϵһһָʮȴˡ
ʮȲһֶݣƺɴֻҪһСĴƤ棬ͻϡŧˮ
ڷ̫֮󣬿ʮ䵭˺һӣϾӹģ̫ҽȥ˼Ҳʱ
İżΪʮܱҽˡ֪оҽ֮ˣΪ֮
Ҳûҽ֡
ʮĶ֮ܶǴӽ԰صʮӸ֮ڵůյľ͸ƵģߵĶܸеһů⡣
ʮϾóţȥϽǡ
ʮţūǰʮүȿӣһټһ㡣
ʮϣ׼ϹƤݻϥɵؾͿЦҡҡͷ
ְס׼ϵֱټˣټӵĻүȶ䡣
׼ϵۿҲˣүͷҪȥ𣿡
ʮ۹ͳһ˲̧ͷʱѾɫ糣һҪȥĸ绹ڵҡ
źĴߣ̫ðůѬಽĸʮߡ
ſڣʮûϵĸѾˡ
ֻǰռҪ񣬱İһѸˣվΣ
ʮԼҲ˽ʮܽļ
׼Ϲʵ̫ˣʮʱ򣬾ͷԸȱ·ϵôһѹ䲻ˡ
䲻ˣԾͲˡһ˳ϣҲҪսŵġ
ҲûıҪ
С̫๭ӹŵظʮ籧һֻСǸߵģܺƽС
һ¾ͺðˡʮ̧ϡ
ĸ磬ܵܲˡʮЦŶİ
İ翴˾أǼǹЩ͸ˡ
ʮҡҡͷְסʮļ
ꤵ
ʰ걾˵ʮҪľAģţӦȡˡʮС
İĬĬص˵ͷ̧ͷ˵ܵһ۵͢飬ο¶ǣ浽̫үʰﻹ˼ȥA
ֵ˵˼뵽һɵ̧ͷһۡ
ĸ硣ʮ
Ϊζʱȵҩǹˡ
ϣȵҩܸһķˡ
ôһ˵ζ
ʮֱŻ
ʲôİ̧ۿ
ұܺáʮһַֻ˴ȣһ߿İ磬һѹ
ǰʵţӲ˵Щġ
˶
İһֳֻԼϣһִֻʮϣʮ˵⻰û˵ʲôϲֻ΢΢˿пǽϡ
֪ǲ˶һձһղԭ򡪡̵ʮܾȻҲЩ಻סˡ
İֱܷԼȥ룺ʮΪʲô˵ֻԭ
ô£ֵͬ۹õ֣Ѿһˡ
İӺ뿿Ҳ٣ʮϾǲһġ
˹ǰȻųĺ⣬֮俴ȥһƬ
ūǳɡİ絣ʮȣ˸ټһѴɡ
ôǰɡǴԱ߾ˣֱʮ
İŻǲģҪԼĴ멣ʮȰ˵Ÿסˡ
ʢҲȥʮɡɡĽǶ̫б΢ȫϡ
겻󣬾䡣
ʢŲӣֱۡ

Ͽƾٰ˸˽ᣬôŬѣ̫˰ǧ˿Ĺϵʼǽⲻˡ
ھĿĶ١ͺѼˣΪĻʵ̫࣬һһϴȥû㡣
޵֮ڣһü£һ˲ֻ̫ڼƵĵ̨ϷС·;ⲻСײ߽ǡ
ʹˡۿûҪʮˣ۾Ҳûдǰʹõĵطᱻ̵ķʹ
ǿԸ˵ֻٵЩ
ƺܾãֻҪԼˣôʹЩϵļԼϣҲǿԱԣӵġ
ӻƽ˥ʱĿܣ¶ôЩ޿κεı
Źᡣ
ȵͷˣǱС̫Ͱ۾ˡ
һ۾΢΢ۣŵĵƹϻûһӸɨˡ
֮ڰ֣ʾ׼ϳˡ

֮ϣһð˳Ǹʰ㱨ԼĽȣ˼ѧʿԣ˵˺һ֮Уѡ
⵹һˡ
Ȼţţ˼ˡ


573 

˵˰죬һ̧ͷͿʰһ˼顣
Ȼˣѹû˵ʲô
Щ㬣Ǽ⣬֪ʰ˼뻹ǳδǣ̫֮С
û̫٣ʱ˵ѧʿ˰֣ʾͣ
ȵʰعż½ȥ
һ˰ʿӣԲ˺øУЩ¶Ͽһġ顱ʵȴҲǲȡ۵һַʽ
ȻǱ飬˺ƴḶ́ȻҪ˴ѧߵĲ룬ҲԼĶ̴ӴխֻһЩͣзţڳ֮ȴû

ɲֱ̫֮ӱǲ֮ķ̲ġ
Ӧó̵ĵȥ͵ȷûгϵ˵ͣͺˡ
ЩܿԴԼţڸʡܽл£ش󳼡
Ȱ޺ãһһ̤̤ʵʵûʰԼͺͿ϶

Ͻķѩ֮Уʮһڶ
ԭ˵õľAûھУǬ幬УҲֻһƬɺûûζټĿǰ΢̫в֮٣ǻ񣬰಻ס
Ӱ֮ҲͲô߶ˡ
Ӻİʱ䷴һ㡣
ʱȥӣͺˡ
һƣԺѩƮ˽İһ߽ݣӣǰһѾȥ˴멡
İ米չֱۺѣ۹һɨͿƻͨ
۶λεġ
һɿţζ
ӣ멽ԱūţŵиոճĿţ飬үһɡ
һ˵һҲİֱ̬תͷʾūŽţ趼
ţζģװС
һһĴС΢΢ŽɫΡΡġƤᶶ
İ粻ųԣӿźڴ£Դһﲻ֪ʲô
ӶȫУȻûʶĶ
ʲô
İȤʵ
һͺһͷЦİͿУһƾ
֮ǰΪ࣬ʼͭľ֡
Ϊϲǽ񣬶ͭҲ࣬ͨҲԸԴʼԽԽࡪҹʿײ㣬ѰչŮӡ
ϲȤζСߡ
Ҫ˵ǶġӣҲͦϲ棬³ɰ壬ݵǹϵϷȥ򵥣ʵȴѡ
ҪѾŸȫӳϽ˵мңҲҪಽ衣
İȻһ۾ܿйؼ˵վһԶŮߺþãȤؿǽ⡣
ؿһЩŵۿҪ⿪ˣİ粻ɵغһá
һǰʤַˣⲻˡ
꣡ɥקקİӡ
İ縩ȰŮ˼һֱάƣ̫ۣһ½ǣҲڴϥǣʾԼϡ
ֵƨƨߵľ͹ȥˡ
Ҳ˹ӵɴۣŸ׵֡
ӣİһ·˺˺ǣҪūůȥģſڿƣҲɲס˽š
ﰲãȻͱˣ⿪ˣ
ӣ΢ЦҡҡͷūǰůϽŵݽϣȥͿץֱ֣ƣ˵ʵڽⲻֻһ㣬Сˡ
Աߣô˵ʱСס죬Ц
һʱǡ
İЦŰѾ£ŮԴⲻⲻΣⲻ˼꣬δرⲻ
ӣԱţ⻰ﲻɵؾͶ˶
Ͼѩ죬ֶ࣬ѩһ䣬һֱƽŵʱﻹð
İźһͿʼĹˡ
ߵģܲˣ񡪡һ׵ĻתΪ࣬ʱĵؽץϣȻһһſڵˡ
ӣŮˤţ滤ţ˳ֽӹ˾ͷȥϴϴ֣һǸóˡ
ͷؾͱūźȥϴˡ
İ翼˸飬ӣͿİȻԽԽ۾Ҳˣֱūֽúÿͷ
ţŰȥﻻѣֳ˳ӣӣס֣Сʵ굽ʲôʱ


574 Ϲ

ӣû˵ͿİѾ˳˺仰
ź΢΢һۡ
ŵһ¾Ͷ㵽ӣȥˡ

ԼҰǵӰ죬֮䣬ʮֽõĹϵ˴ߵҲࡣ
ӺİնǰĻһӣ£רĳգ˺üµĲʽ
͵ǰ鷿ȥİ糢˳޲ڡ
ӣ⻹˲ʱµϣɿڣΧ¯ʲ
ʿһҲ͹ȥ
İĻ˵ĿڸѰȲȥԽԽƣϣİ糢˼ڣúǲּӣһӹ
ʢŸĻˡ
ӣǱߣ϶ϴĸˣҲˡ
ʱСŮ¡
ΧСм䣬һЦˡ
帣һʱûˡӣһ϶˵żҳһ߾ʵ
϶Ͻӣȫร⻰ЦζȻãٺòˡ
۵˺¶ɢˣӻܲù
˭ΪѲรȥ֮󣬸ڳһλȻǸǮϵġ
ãϹ϶ϣλรҲȫˡ
ϾǮϵӶˣο尢ǰ谮
ĸƾӹ󻹲Ǻ£
˭뵽һֱþδܻϺӵ帣ǡǡʱˣҲ˳ˡ
ǸͷԵĵӡ
ǮһǱ˿֮ûˡʼʱ尢ϧʹʧӣܻǲ̵ġ
ǮҲǸִӣʼĽ߲Ѿ͵δĺӡ
Ǹ̥
ƽ׹أĲ˵ڿ϶Ϊรˡ
Ǯϲ޺ӣҲԼٵ޷ܡ
ǿ޵Ķˣ尢Ҳջˡ
һǵ޵ȿͷ˭Ҫ￴ɥ
϶˵ǮĲҾûˣӴֻһ֮ǵٻ̥ˡ
һĹ⾰˵˵Ҳ̣㹻Ůѡ븮ˡ
ȵʱ尢پһ㲵ľأ
϶ĿʹһʱӣҲû˵
֮ǰҲΪ尢Ǹ֡ʱûֱǮϣһʰ
мֳģ
֮ǰΪһ˵Щֻɫǻˡ
ݵ飬Ҳ죬ɢҲ졣
帣ûӵĻ尢
˶û˵
ů裬ﻹ˺ζһꡣ
ȵˣūСǯӼгһ߶ְƤŽгɿ飬Ϸۣ͵ϡ
Ƕԡ
ĸһһʮֶׯأС㣬ϲСϣ͵͵ľͶĸͿ˺þá
ôûôľĽأ
óӣӼ˷ۺҪιԡ
ǲмԼѾǽ鷿ˣôСʱһԼιأ
վΧܡں׷š
ĸϾڱ˼ͣʱվȰ˵ȱˡ
һСģһ˾ǰһ¡ſӣЦſ֣û뵽ܵܺȻԼԹ
ϻſأ
ŵֱ͵һȻÿ죬ͷһСľ˺۽ǡ
ӣ͹϶ϴһ˵һ߳ÿˤȥ۾ſӡ
Ŀ͵һ£˲ֻûѪϴˣ
Ӧ֮ӣ˹ȥַ͵򣡿ȥ򣡡
ūҲŵòУŻŵؾܡ
ȴ̧ͷ۽ǣӣû£û۾
ӣϸϸض۾һŷֺգ
Ϲˡ
ֻһ㣬ͷͻͱˣλƫһЩֻβۿǣźеһ롣
ž۽һ
ôƤӣһμɫŶӾ
ĵԴĸͶȥһȵĿ⡣
Ӿô񡪡Ȼ׽㣬ȴܸܵӦĸܾ
ĸȻˣؾȰ˵ӣ˵ܼܵ࣬¶ǴˣԺȻСġ
Ͼǿˣôһ˵ӣҲͲ˵ʲôˡ
øҽҲؽйˡ
һ֮󣬸ҽ˵รģС۾¶ûУֻۿǡ
ͺ·߿ˣСײӣӱ߽ʲôһģձˡ


575 

¶Ȼʵ˺ü죬İ˵¶Ҳһ
ͰѶӸйˡ
İźСϸſ˺һĲ˼ˡ
գգ۾뵽ƽﾭ˵ЩȻЩǺۺ͸һҲġ
ȻðݿҲûôˡ
óСģؾ׻ꡣ
İҲֱСϥϣཱུա
֮УȻǡӡȴҲܾӡ
˵ףҲǸոܽ鷿Сޡ
İʶǺ̫ɫʵǱʶԺֵû̫ߡ

ܿ쵽ʮ塣
뾡ʮԪڣٹҪ죬ҲʢĳᣬרŽܰٹٵسݡ
ǳϦûûζʱ򣬾˼ⷬ磬Ǭ幬磬ѧʿԺѧʿ̽ս٣бޡ֡ղ¸Աȵȡ
ڱĲҲС
֮󣬿شȺǰɽơ
ϵ٣ЩĹǱƽ;Ⱦī㣬ʱӾһʱдʾһһ䣬ͬʢ̫ƽ
һԪ磬ʢ¶
Ӻӹ֮ڶ죬ӣ񡢶һʻԪţ̷ۣǶԭϡ
ɫͷ׵ʻϴɾˮ̹ٵ֮ټϷۺĶɳڣɵԪ͸ŴƤŵ滨ķҷ
ʵƷ˵ڸУҲûر֮ѰۣŴɿڡ
Ů˭ѽԪḶ́ͺˡ
ϽʵۺԪԪС
ԵԪҲһ˱Ԫﴧ˸ϣΪ̫ӣͳԲȥʲôζˡ
ʱԪǺеģǻʼңҲҪʮԪ
Ͷ˱һĴԪţ˿ʼСˡ
ɺģСѼӵģ˸С⽡
ӣЦŴչȥͿŮŵС湷ˣβҲţſϣһ޾ɵӡ
ôСþһأӣ˿
΢΢̾һ̧ͷŶС⽾ģˣǰôˡ
ſӽµС⽣С˵̧֣һͷһСˣİԴȥǰצϡ
Ҳǰϲӱߣֱҡβ͵ģˡ
һССĿƬһֱ͵С⽵ߡ
תͷƬ˹ĸˣöֱʾл

ۡҲûһ徻̸ܸͣ
ȻģҲûа취ȻǼڸˣҲ˵ȥ׺˼ĵճŮǲܱȵġ
ǵϾͲһء
Ȼããȴʼղ̤ʵ
֪ⲻǷ⣬Լ⡪ԼСû˰ȫС
΢ᣬʹĸ׻ŵʱ򣬴ҲʼҪÿɫϲ
Ǻѹֵġ
ԽûаȫУԽҪƿءĿĲǽŵһ㣬ոһյӡʢչȥ
̸ֻҪĸŮ˵˼仰ֻǶ࿴һۣ˰Цݣ㵣ķŮ
ҲΪˣеŮǶʶķªһСģĸۡ
ūǱǲġͿ֬Ĩ̶ۣԡ
硱ζŲԼʰøɾࡣ
ǴŮǼͷ΢͹ˮһЩ
ﶼǻ˵ݡ
ֻžзࡣ
Ƿߵ鷿ȴٳҲܲˡ
ÿ뵽鷿㲻ζ
ȷҪ꣬棬Ѿ˸û˵͡
ڸҲסˡ
òİʾ˷üΣ˵Ѱ˼ңׯѰܼҲɡ
˵Ǽõȥˣû
̸ҲֻЦİѻ˲ȥ
ոһյ鷿
᣺ôǰǰΣЩʲôȴѾˡ
̫ˡ
ϾǶ˳Ӳ˵Ҫμ޵ȥ̸ǲܲӵġ
Ǵ񲢲ˡ
һŮѣֵ˴󶯸ɸꡣ
ôڱϾǡġ
ó˸ļӣһ¡ԼҲûκΰˡ


576 

Լú͸Ҳǡ
û뵽ǣûеȵ뷨ӣԼȴͲסˡ
ϾһĳȥԸߣڴʲô⸮˿Ķ
ùүӦҲ֪
ֻǲƶѡ

¿ʱ򣬴СŮա
СգͬСɣ񼱵Ѱ˴Ӻӣõն빬̫ҽ
Ͼ̫ҽҽӿŷġ
ڴһչ֮£СŮûˡ
ظĳһ˴򣬻רȥһݷ𣬸л鱣ӡ
ֱʱ򣬴ĸܵ˵ϵ顣
ΪһλĸףĿԼĺӱߡ
ǱħǱ--ⶼ˺ѷεʹࡣ
ͷĹϣ
׶ĿѾļУģ
ڴΪСŮʱ䣬̸ҲûٿŮ
Ӳˣһ˶Դϲ
̸֮ȻıȥˣΪǹ¸ǣ̸һŻ
ǱߣֻŮߣһӶ᲻á
˭ûϵ£ŮȻϨ˵ƻһҧ͵͵ľ˴

ȵ˷ֵʱѾǵڶˡ
ūǽź򣬲СײΣһʱŵ˵Ʋˡ
ڵϣ޵滨꣬Ҫȥ
үǰ֪Լŵĵط¶ϻµĺۼ
ǹүµġ
Ȼģȴһڻȵ
ڶ--ô֣ʹ˲֮£үҲ²˺֡
һֱûˣõ֤
̸ϣάһһƣӲá
̧ۿһ۹ǰ޵ȥ
Ҳ̧
ѾŮˡ
̸Ĭ˺һǰ鷿ˣⳡģһϢ͸¶ȥ
ֻҪô֪һ˿䣬Ұӳȥ

ȻĴңү·ƫƫҪƵġ
ܿ죬ֻȥµĹ⾰޿سˣ˹ү˵Լ׼ĺܣѾüûֻǻˡ
һ߿ţһ߲Ӿү꣺ү¡
̸䵭ƿˡ
ʮֺڣڵΪʲôӵĻ
㽫СźԼŮˣҲͲڽ˼ԽԽھȻݵ¶
˺˴ƣûúϤĴ򣬶صشҽġ
Ҫȥʱ̸ַԸһ䡪˵Ѳ⣬ҪҽõĴɲ㡣
۴Ӧһ߳ȥһֱĥ˭˵飿
ȻøĴ򣬿Ҳǽץҽҽ˺ô죿
ô׹ӵڻûкأ

ܿͱˡ
ΪԽҽݱϣֻ˵ϢȻҽͽֵߵߵؾ͹ˡ
ʶ㣬֪˼Ҳ飬飬ٿһ۹үϵΣǰѾ˳
һ--ϲɡ
Ҵ˵ˣû׼Ǹк
ֽվǰסģ֪ܿϢ
ǰĿڵѪһӿ
ΪŮһҹҹ޷۵ʱȴĴ
ĺģĲҪǧУ
µ˺֣ҶĵŮӣǵǱĻ
СŮվʱ򣬴ӶʹˣȻͬͬǰ̧һ
ЩЦȴʮֿ
Ҫǻۼֿ죬ȥס˴ˤɡ
ȱ𼱣¶ǸʵӣЩ׾࣬Ȼ밲οҲ֪ô˵ˡ
£и֮Ψ¶ȴǸⲻᡣ
үȻôȻ뱣סĸӵġ
ô̥
Ҳڡ
ˡ
ܿ׵ĵȻ͸ˡ
ܷ֮ǰôĵ˵룬
΢һЩؿϣɫɷף촽ţֱ
ٺޣ

ӺʱҲѾ
뵽ȥĽϿƳּگʾΪѮ٣Զԣ»ԡ
ּһʿǵȺƽ
֮䣬Ȼıܼ尾ȴԸ⽫¶Ӻ¶ֻƬ
Ըñ˿Ц
ļ£ձ͵ׯϡֻ˵ǸСź˵ȾؼǲˣڸȾˡ


577 ̫

ΪŮҸ̸֪Դ֮𣬲ӵĴڡ
԰͵ׯϣҲֻһ֮٣֮ơ
˭Ҳû뵽ǣڸУȻӵȴҲǸүߣСʶĽʳʱׯϣִܵª
ټׯϵ˵˴ֵ⣬ԴչʱҲֻǸ⡣
£òװʮ£ȴˡ
ҲǸ̥ûа
˵߸£͵ܹ֮ĸƾӹ󣬺ôү˷ӻظȥ
Ȣ˸ĹүһͲ˵ġ
ֻҪ

ڸСŮǰĸС֣һڻĵ̺ȥһѧ
ūŹԼǰ̥һ顣
߼źūŶ¶ϲɫн֮⡣
üĿ䣬ȴû̫Ĳ·ĽѾȻġ
֣ؽյԱߵСϡ
ȥĶʵȲ󣬵ȴʮ
յˮ˳
뵽ɷĳ裬;úޡ
̥ⲻ˵ĺޣ
ƫƫҲֻ

ʮһӺУรԺ
ľգ㸡һƬ֡
治֪Ŀ˹ֻԺֱҪȻΪ񲻹ǳʱڡ
֪ӣϲİ˴ӽ˲ͺֵĻƷȫԺ֮С
ѾǾʮһµҲš
һϳţڶԺȻҲѾˡ
İԸˣ˵ڣᵽǰ鷿ȥλһ
һѧϰҲи
Щ
ЩԸǰ鷿ȥָūʰʱҲĥĥ䡪ڶðжн㣬ʳ
ǰ棬ֻаŵһűɽǿΡ
ˣ
УʢһΡ
ͺܷꡭq(s^t)r
ǣûµףҲûκ˼¶ˡ
Ϊ֮͢ϳһµĴ£η̫ӡ
̫һα۷ˡ
֮ǰͼӰߵĻšſУвİʾ
жϹһĵ
˭Ҳ˵̫϶
Ͼ̫һ£¹𢣬ͬСɡ
ǶϷ˵򶫣˵
ϵָ̫̫ӣѾǵڴˡ
û뵽ôĹ⾰Ȼִ˵ڶΡ
ҿλ̫̰ð̫ӷų
һη̫ӵʱֻ̫ӹ£֮ˡ
һΣȴǡó
͹֣Ҳ̫ӡǶôʧ
̫ӣ̫ߵĵǡҲжɽĻˡ
һη̫ӵԭ˵硣Īһǡ
ʷϣкü˵˵̫ӻҹǵģģҲ˵̫ı췴ƻʰ꾡λԼϻλմͳ֮Ȩҹζࡣ
ʲô˵С
ӣȻɵȥİԭ
ǸǷ֮أ̫Ӹʲôò¡
Ǹֵġ
̫ӵλþ͸ˡ
Ŭ£ܵ¼ɡǰɵƯⵣĴȨ䡣
ǲİ£ֻᱻ˵̫ƽӹѿ֮λ
ܵ͡úʹࡣ
ϲҳλõˡûм򵥵ġ

֮͢ϣ̫Ӷαϣɢ۳̫ӾٷĿܣӰǴ
Ψİ絭Ȼ֮
ű˭
תۼ䣬Ѿ˿ʮһβΪ̫¶λ갢ǵĸǡһλλǣں󹬵˼ҲЩ
ˡԵĲ˵÷̫¶ش
γĿʼ겻ȵأ
ˣˣˡԵֱǿʼԼľ
˼ǣΪһʧľҲпܱóƷ
һһʼԼհǰ˺
ʱ磬ߵҲʱȥ뵽үʱ
ǲŽһȹϣɱϣʱƣ޻ڡ
һţһⲽ˴ǰĬĬؿͥԺĶ

ϦϣΪ飬ֱһ
ĸֵĶסˣһΣɵı顣
尢ĶԱɨһֵߵߵЦžٱһ
Ǳ飬ưֵģ
ҲԽﷴǿ硰顱Խֻһֿ̰ӡ󡪡·ֻЩ˷֮¡
ƺƴȻƨûС
Ĵ


578 ũ

¸չϽǻ֮УӰߵĴ󳼰಻סˣԣ˵̫ǹȻ̫ӣɼ֮ᶨ
ȻˣӦл̫Ӳ֮£罫ѡźá
ӺԺӣżȻİôһ䣬ҲɵĿࡪЩѵ֮λԺ
ոշ̫ӣʹ˼ʹʱ򡪡ʱҲǰ⣿
һѾѮİӺĺ԰ֱӿ˼˵ء
ӣԺʵУׯҲв԰İô֣Ժ˵ء
˵ӣˣɵˡ
ôҲôһơǴҲͰˣ죬ضˮôһ⣬ѥӾûˡ
ؼǣĺ԰㽨ģ涼йǵ˼ʲôɫġʲôصשֶߵĻ
нġ
üһôһȫɲ˵ˡ
ӣǵһμô׳۵
˵أİ绹ׯϵĲ԰ȫԭҶ˵ģΪ㡣
ҪӵĲˣ̵˳żȥա
ͺһũ֡
⻹û꣬ŵǣİԲ԰ԭͼֽҲ˺üĶ˵ء
ӣʼеûͻȻˡ
Ƕ죬ȻϽǡǵ£ůʱ򣬿пȥ԰ˡ
İǰ˹ȥ׼Ǵ׼̡
ۻʰϽǣڳ԰һһߡ
в԰ġȻ

ȵĺ԰԰깤İźȥˡ
ΪͶŮҲСˣԿѡ
ϢĶַŶͷֱҡǲ಻ۣ³ӡ
ǵ֮ǰһڲ԰ׯϵʱز˵һժһƬʺĲҶһĴ档
ڲ䶯š
ʱеòҼˡ
֪񲻱ظŰȥ˵أǸˡ
Ǻ͡SкӶӲˡũʢʹȥׯϣ׼˵ġ
һѰѵͦ
NΪûףĴ͸ˣİҲ⺢Ӹкˡ
СũߵʱõҲСһѣˡֻСֽũߣǳú鶼ðˡ
Ա߿ţ־Ͱܷܵ棬ĵؽũסһЩܵܵĸ
İһתͷˣָһۣЦ֪߳㻤඼Բˣʲô
һ˵һ߹ú֡
ղиԮ֣ʱ࣬һ֣һСŰ飬أֲҶ˵ʲô
ǳŰ겻ע⣬תͷͶԺSͶȥһȵ
SӴȴӱܵġͷװûˡ
ͷȻֻ⣬ɹľˣҲɵһ㺹һ㺹ð
кƽʱﶼŹ˵ģĴֻûΡ
˵æ˰죬ҲЩܲסˡù˱īģũȴʮֲ˳֡
ũũ߾ƫƫ
ѹָӡ
ôһ򣬺ͼֱһ컹Ҫۡ
̧ͷ˿λεͷֲ˲תͷˡ
SȻҲѾˣϻǿάһũȤҪ׷氢ũֵģ
ֻѾſˡ
϶ͣίñ۾һ𡪡žǸ޷С
һͶһ߾ССӵö
NֻǳĬŲͣظɻ·еʹ࣬й⶯
ںNڣŷѾĥˣôȥڷƤɡ
һü߹ȥסN֣תͷİ磺꣬ҶˣЪһЪټɣ
İ˵һ̧۾ͿͶ񣬲֪ʲôʱ򣬾ȻѾڲ˵ĻľԺ͵͵ˡ
Сͷͷ粢ż硣
һֱ죬һƴЦӡ
ǿѾ˸СèЦøˡ
ֱֵˣİ絹ǱЦˣֳ֣ʾ
ûתͷԱߵūŷԸ˼仰
һߵǰİע⵽ԭūлŻ塣
Ůǹֵģǻˡ
İĺıʾūǽת
кҲ̧Ҷ뿴Լʲô
ϣİһ֮⣬ĸкӶ޿ģ
һֱЦԭɡ
İ翴ſţҲˣתͷͷԸʢȥרܻһݣٸҤĹǵӡ
ȫ뻭ȥ


579 ٽ

ͷбʱ򣬺ǵѧũһǽˡ
صӣԺҲߺʳˣ͹๾롣
߸˵ضԶ˵˵ԼĻȥմˡ
ӣ˾ʲô
ԭ񻹻˺ö߲˻СܲССӣСƹϡ
Ҳˡ
߲ͼҲϴ𣿡ӣһָ˲ߣһ
ƽʱĶǻ棬ͼľӶࡣ
ҪôǴɫ
߲λǵһΡ
ʱ߲˸Խ֮ǰͦģǸͷģûִÿҺܶƷֶûС
ܣ˵ܣ껹һúã˵Ҫһף׸귨!ͷ
Ŷӣˡ
һߣĺɧؿʼԹ˵ǲףΪʲôҪһ졣
һֲָſԷ
Ȼ˵Ҫ֪࣬ϰյĲס֪أ
ңҪ顪ʱҲ㹻ˣαŪôһ졣
ʢ붼˲һֻ첲ֱ
ÿūι
ûƼǸͷίʵֵ֣ѲɻҪֵ״ԪҪ㻨ȥϰ
ɧϡ
ӣҨһˮٷɧɣĶ۲졣㰢ȻѧȻ⡣е¶ǰɲóһӱ֮ˡ
ˮ򣬿ЦشѵӺļϹԺȫֵָˣ

ǰ鷿ūŽСǵһˮ
NˣûʲôθڣǰţͳźҡҡͷҳԲ£ǲعңһظٳ԰ɡ
Sԣ⻰һۺN׼ˣû֣ڨڨسźNһ䣺Ͼһ죬ǶһЩɡ
û˵һϵķˣԺNظ˭㣿
Ҳ˵˲ˡ˵У۰ӡ
Ȼ۰ӣй˴ʧ˵ʱ
ټϺNƮ꣬⸮ϵĹ⾰룬Ҳܲµ߷֡
NϹȻȻһ£漴֮УϺõľ¥Ҳǡܹ
˶٣Ƶƾ¥ϺҶǰģ˸ϵȥҲ޲ڵġ
ֻ񣬰Ѿ˵ζҲ˶
һߣ

ѮٵѾԽԽ
ҲµףƼݵ˳԰
İӰžȥ˾Ĵ԰
ΪٽڣǶǰ꣬ǰһ꣬ǰڿ˼׼ġ
ڻӰǣ͸˵ˡ
İ׼֮࣬밲һֱûϹ
밲˵Ķ԰ˡƺֽż߲˹Ϲ㡣
Ƿȥ˺ü顣
Ƕ㿶ۼʱִµȣİطG밲ԵøС¡
͡ϴۡ
żİǱߣͳһ״յй֮硣
żܣ˵ĻǺ͵ã
Ż֮ܳͼΪСŮֱۣһƬĽ֮˼ϣԴ˼֮ϣҲǾһ֮֡
ʰ겻Ҫ
һŴ͸ĹһֺŹ
Źƨƨߵؾ͹ˣ⻭ʲô
Ź֬Է۲Сϵͼ˰죬Ҳҿ϶ӡ
Ҳûôİ
ػϣСһƬТģŹ˸ԡ
ٺٵЦ
߲Ҥʡ

תѾٽڡ
һΣΪڳ԰ҲûлϽǡ
һٽڹģӣԲ԰Ҳİ˵ˡ˵ʰֱʮϵκµɺ󳼡ǧˡ
νġ͡Ҫйģǧ硣
ǧ硱ʶӣӡġ
Խ֮ǰǵʷ˵Ǭ¡ʵаᣬ̵ʮִ󣬻˺ܶ
ǿûа
ӡͺģˡ
İ˵ʰʱǻôʱѳлʵۡ
³ƽѾãհӣ϶ҲһƬ
ǣɺ󳼡⣬ضвר̵ٽڼ䣬ӽµķΧʵף١
Ϊ˼ңôһҲܲףʰòЩ˰һˣڳ԰͸ףٵˡ
֣ͬͬס


580 ʥ

˵ֱһЩǿʦԼգҪЩһ֡
ǧͬã׳ۡ
ˣͬմϲ
ӣ֪ʱϾִܺȣǹΪӣҲܵȽҽƼ
һЩִͨļʱȴҪ
ԣܻʮҲǸˡ
ʵﱸĴǰѾʼ˸ӵ׼нĹšĵҪһ£ľ⻹ҪƸִߡߵȵȣרΪӭӵʮ١
ǧ㿪졣
һǧͬ֡ⷬᡣ
İܵҲûͣ
ȵòףٽǹȥˣİ԰һӣʰԲ԰ˡ
뵽ӺͣȻǰ
԰ſڣŰһӭӻ귨ĵ
ǹûãңңؾ͵ˣؿɫмԽԽ
İæͷӭȥ
¸ʰ밲һƳۣɨԱߵĺ͡
һʱ䲻ͳԽӢֹ塣
Ա߼ʥݣŵ˵ĺSվһ𣬼ֱ֮
иǸֺ۵Ск
һۺҲ⡣
̧ʾ԰ȥˡ
İϽϡ
԰
Բ԰ྫɵ쾰֮УϴһƬ˵أȥԵЩײࡣ
İ˵ʱźúǶ࣬ͺȤЦʵģ棿
İöǵʾ귨ˡ
ũȥŻӶû¡ͿˣȷʵԹһͷˣǰڸƣȭȵӡ
İ˽ũջĲȹϹһ˵ոĶǺֵĹϹרžûвժȻ귨԰ʱТٲ˰ٹ硣
ֺǺǵˡ
ϯϲйϹ㣬ĵ̨ĵһ㴫΢΢ۣͬͨĴеĳһ㣬ȤζİԲ԰
İƽﻰﲻ࣬ʱ渵ڲȴãֻԲ԰е԰ʫ续һ㣬Ȼ
˵ˣδ˽Լ¼δɵİ뱾ʫ˹˼׸ʰ
ӣԱߣİʲôɽϲԶ׻辵л
Сŵ̾ãԵҵ͡ɳ
ʫ˼ǣֵǷ¶޹أҾˣֻԸɽɮҰΪ飬Ĺľ硣
һӣɵþӲ˲ˣ
Ϸ̫㣬ѵͲ·ǿʦ𡭡
İˣһЦģʰʫ͸֡
İˡ
룬ŵ棬ġͽļգ

һ԰ĺãߵʱȴֻ˵ӺʹϲҪȥһʱ䡣
İ羪ϲޣȵӦ֮л
ӣΪСĸʱҲǰȥߵлϡ
İʾ֮£첽ǰȥ͸ͷ
Ļӻô࣬ʲô˶ܱ
ܹߣֻм¡Ĺ⾰һʶƵٹĴϲ֮¡
ڶУֻз̫ӵĳӺ𪣬̫ӵʧ裬ҲһʧĻģںܳһʱ䶼û׽ˡ
ǳ˵ճ⣬ΨһͿ׽Ļ
ǿҪġ
İһֱ

ߵʱ򣬺ͻͷûע⣬ӣһЦ
һЦЩӵϳɵء
ĻǰοοﲻҪģȥȥͻء
ӣŶӵЦݣʱٸн
ĸңңȴˣѾע⵽ˣ˳ź͵߿ȥӣ۹ذźͣ΢΢һЦ
ร֮ǰи
и֮ˣͣкСġ
ĵĶŮǣһ붼⺺
Ҳϡ

ۿʥѾҪ̻س԰˶ڵϹͻϡ
ӣҲĸİȴϿֻּͣ˵˳԰İ罫͵
Ҫơ
İŴУĿˡ
ʥ֮󣬺͵ֺܿ㱻˿ӱ޵ȥ˳԰
ȻѾܾ֮ǰͲԼԺסˣϾĸġʹӣ֪ǰ鷿Ҳ̤ʵġ
񣬺͵һαȫ˳԰ӣһ϶Ĳɣ³ָСʱ򣬻εǡ
Ƚϲңһ֣һ
СӺ˰ˮ


581 ˮ

ɫˮһЩʱİҲˡ
Ƽӣһָǣҵģİʲô
ϾΪ˸ĸúԼȥˣ֮󣬱ӣļ򣬵ο˵صǡ
ǺӣĺܣӦҲǿʹ꣬ҲȻӦ
˵ˣӦҲδؾǻ¡
Ͼꡪ̫磬ʧһݳֿˡ
һ˫ۣ˶˵Ļĳ֮ϲͣ⺢Ӵϻ¸Т֮⣬͵Ҳϵƽ
Ȼѵÿɹ
ӣ֪İ˵ЩûҲͷһЩģҲ
İ֮ǰոūźϴͷͷµεવصˮ
İûҪŮźֱ˸ӣĴرߣӣš
סĳذŲһ߲һ߾˵ŽҪ˺ֵ顣
˵¶鶼סˣ˴ĿתŶԷ
ӣԵؿİϵ̺͵
ĵ

ôѰһڵƻ£һ߲ͷһлҳ˵˵ţӣͿһĨɫâһתš
һͷ΢ٸˣϸơ
һպڷѾ˼׷
ϾҲѾʮˡ
ӣְΣȴİְסˡ
תͷūСȻӣתȥݵذˡ
ҪһЦŰοүͷϵģˡ
ӣʵûô⣬İôһ˵ﻹǸж
۾
û˵İ绹ΪΪѹˡϽǡеǣ˭˲ϣ
֣յһ£ֻס֣ӣˣҲһÿ
˶٣үҲһϲ
ӣŬ˵黰Цˡ
İ޳ָḧһ˲ŵ֮ǰʹ͵ӣרڷѪʢҳ
˵ˣ·Ƶģֵǲ⣬Ҳá

Բ԰ʱ÷ᣬ·඼ӺһƵġ
Ϊ볩԰İÿҲ뿪ô硣
ڶϣӣ͸չյۡ
㣬͸˽
Ұࡪ˵ҰˣʵҲ׼ȷԲ԰ֵġ
Ҷӱ̣滹йͷͰܲ˺ٵһƤúܡ
ͺӱߣͰꡢһš
Եú㡣
İŵٶġԸڿڸ֮ϻ̫ʱ䣬ȵҴ˴ͱİվһչֱۣһ߾ʢźԼ۸ˡ
ʱǰ鷿ūѾػ˵ǺSѾ׼ˡ
ӣźƵţʹߴҪ鷿㶯Щ
εūֽ˼ŴͱһСߺĴӱվֻͷһ۽㡣
Ľ㲻ý鷿
һתͷԼһĲˣĿҲתΪ
ŵһ¾վֱˣͦСţһ֪ʶβ롢ʮֿı飬ܻؾܳԺӡ
ӣ׷ſڣ㣡Ҫܣ

֣Ϊ԰¶
һϲ£ɺͼ˶ʮ硣
ΪֹСĶˣŸͿӹǰ߹˶
һ¶ͺˡ׼̹Źܣ鸻ʱ֣̫طi֪Ϣ֮󣬾Ǵһûᡣ
Ѿн̰ܰ󴫵ݵʰǰأ
⼸̫岻ʣ̫ҽڿ
̫طi̫ҽбһ
ȻǷ̫ӣһһȻڻʰļ֮¡
Ϊܹȫض㿪ߣطi÷ˮдһţֻؽ̫ͨҽ̫ҽð޶ͳ棬ΪԼĴ󽫾
νˮţʵгˮ
ˮд֣ȵֽ֮ϸźһѰֽ졣
ˮУּ֡
ҵǣ̫ӵűˡ
˾ҵ˼붷ѡϽҷ̫ŵ顣
İոս˳԰Ϳһڳӻرʰ˳
İ綼ЩˡȻڿ뽫̫Ӹ
ȵȥˣİſʰػصڵȥ߹ŵֻЦ
̫ҸȼĲǿɶ
ɶ


582 ڻүү

ͬһ󣬵һηǲңڶηкϸдһ١
ǵηǴˡ
һͨŭ𽥽ƽϢ֮󣬺ܿ´ӽֻҪǽ̫̰ˣʲôˣϸѲ飬ȷٷ²С
⣬̰ҹأ˿и
µǴӽǸ̫Ӹ˲Ҳûôˡ
尢ԱţбϾ̣̫ǰ㽾֮ˣ񱻾нѾҪˡ
ΧͰһǱε˻ʹࣿ
˭ҲûڻʰǰΪ̫һ䡣

Բ԰УԴӺͱ֮ӣĬĬӡ
Ȼתۼ͹ȥ졣
İʱ԰ӣҲİԼͶŮʱİΡ
İҲδܼ
ԴӺͱӽ˳԰֮鷿Ŀγ̾ͣˡͬһ㣬μ鷿Ŀγ̣ڻ귨ߣſѧϰ
ӣÿ뵽һ㣬ҲȻܹõʦ˻ģߡ
ܹлڳ԰Ȼȥͣ鷿Ŀγ̣鷿ӻÿĳͺڿѧĶֱ֮
ҪĶǿαѧġ
ͺñ鷿Сǣλٶʱ䡢ư͵Ŀ£࣬Ҳδغá
ڿߣֻүү㲦䣬пʤ顣
ΪһҪͻԼ̶˼άǣ֡ǿԼǺѵġ
֮ܳΪУԭġ
Ϳߵ·İҲδڿܹߵԶƳ
ӣţ뵽˴Խ֮ǰԼѧʱ
ǵԼСʱ򣬸׾Ѿ߹ԼʹʦƼ飬Ҳδؾȫǽԡ
κδһҪԼжϡ
ֻʵŻ֪㣬е߶û
ֻ飬ȥʵԶ̸ֻֽѡ

԰͵İ֣ػؿãūϸϸղ
ų԰еʱ⣬һһţźѧϰѧ֮࣬԰ɢۺϡ
ȻԵǾ𣬵һҲûӳֻͬѰ˼ҵﱲһ㣬һ߹үү׻׻̻壬һ߾Ͳʱɻ֮ѯʣ̸ԼĿ
̸ʱ棬ѿùЦʱı˼Ƕȣɵÿǰһ
ȵİʱ򣬿Цž͵˵⺢עܸ
ҴӰҪһΪġ
İһֶû˵͸׹ˡ

⽥Ũ԰Ũ
ʮµף԰ʼ˵ڶ
ΪȡĽѵ˽͢Էⷽʮʡֳð˵֮ªϧ¶̨֮һһȡԳ԰в·ӶȻһŹӵľ硣
ʹһѭҲԽڼΪһĺģȡǻľεķ롣
ʱ޵ѣйʾ˵̫ªЧίʵûʲôãܷ޽õģש߽ṹıѡ
׼׼ģȷָ˵ϽڻһשߣùãȥǮ
ҲֻÿĻȥöˡ
ٱΧǽ߶ҲͲߣʹǴҲûе¥̨ͤ
˭Ҳû뵽ΪӶԼİΧǽȻҲˡ
һ죬źڳ԰ɢߵһؽʱ򣬺Ȼ߸ŵȮ
ͺͶ˲ݴдֵĶ
ͷӦ죬ڿǰȵʲôˣ
紵ɼݴһڣ³һţŵòס
ӿϣݴΧ˸ˮйͨʹǰȥ
Źһ࣬һĲĵɤۣ뺰ССģѾ˾˳
Ź̧Ӳһ¶ͷĺ
˵ǵ㡣
ô?һӾͶعڿǰ˵
ʹǰˣͿ㣬°ֻһƿӡ
Ѿ˼󶴣ĳЩλֻƤڣ¶ɢζ
ʵǱ
ѾľأֱǽѹţлǽץһֻСһֻϸϸСӡ
·ѾȫңԲܶʧһ㡣
ﶯ˶־־ɣתͷʿ귨ŴˣǸؤ
˵ҲˣǴϵһзӡ
֪ôײĵ⳩԰ˡ


583 տ

ͺҪˡ
԰õֲ֮Ǵϣ˵ҪӣǷ⽮δٻҲ롣
Ҫôأ
µ׵ͷѾЩˣվһֻñϵĺһһ͸˳˻ӣʾȥͳ󳼣ϸ֮
ȰҪ͵ȥ
ҪӹڵϣʱҪߣȻʮֻţŵſʹ󺰣үү
ⲻײĳƺҡҡͷתϺȥ

԰Ǿžµ߼ȣǰ̨Ϊפϳ԰ʱٳ֮
ͺϽ̫͵Ǭ幬Ĺܲࡣ
վھžµĺ棬źȥͿÿԿϪݡ
Ҳǿ޹ܱй鿡ȵȣϺϰϰʮˡ
Ż귨ھžµԵȺƬ̣Źʻϡ˵ҪҪϪȥЪϢͳҲˡ
һ·Сܵģؽ˵ǹͷڳ꣬ȻŰѸղŵԭԭ˵һ顣
ղ˹Ǹлӣ֣ɽݸƽңˡ
Ϊϼףǧǣ֣ǰסʯ·ԣڶ˳Źٵߵʱײ˳԰ǽ
Ϊʵֿ̫ѣ񵰣Ǳȥŷ˳԰Χǽʵ̫ˣɱܷùȥ
ˣü͵شϲͳ죺ҪҪʲô
ǰʹΧǽܰ׷ҲһҪ
ͺñ֪һĳ˲ûʲôضĻΪʲôҪȥأ
ͳΣҲǺˣµĲ˵ԭȻҲ֪ӵ԰ڸǿ԰ΧǽɣдУΪǾλүĲ԰ׯӡ
ǡǵضҲһƬ
˰죬δصǲŴŵ͵ЩϹּ
˭֪Χǽʱ򣬸ողժֻСϣ̻ʳ¶ǣͰͿɢײɺϡ
ͳһ˵ţһתͷʾūǽŴؤѳģʣİֻСϳ
Ϊ֤
֮УȻĬˡ
˰Σֱ̧ʾⲽͳ£µȺδٻڡ
ȵֻ֮ʣźūǵʱ򣬿̧ͷʺ͵ͣ㿴귨δã
룬ɫܿЩ΢΢ԥһ
漴ǹϵؿڵػ귨ĻΪֵĲְأΧǽ죬Ȼûз֣ӦֵްرĹ죬Ӧٺһ꣬԰ν˷ٺꡣеԣѽｻΪɰ֮ǲԭ
֮ǲԭΪβشã
һĭ΢΢򴽣ֻ³֣տࡣ
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۾Ҳգض˰죬վߵǰļζصͰ㷽䣬֪ìܣ
΢΢е죬յס
ȻЦˡ
ź͵ССͣдĻддʰ֮ģ
˶٣źͷһԥǸˡ
⡰ǲס
ס͵ֱ귨
ԣſһֱߵ֮
ʣɵүүī㿴үүֽ֣˳Ωˡġе£ϲģʧ£㵱ġ
⻰Ǵ׻ˡ
ͱΪ귨ȻˣȻᾫһЩû뵽һдôࡣ
Щأʸڱɽ֮ϣֽֽݸ˺ͣԴСһ㣬۰ĺףģСӣûȥ
͹л

Բ԰ÿնװʮֻĻͣںߣ԰Ĺǣκʱʹá
ͣͷڲıϡ
ӣÿο⻭;úԲ԰زС·ʵڲ
ͺһǲɾն£ȻɽĹ磬һͷͿݻ
ͺܸЦ
һûסİǰЦ˵һ䡣
ҲֻǼҳ²ۣ˳һ䡣
İȻ˼ͦе
¶Ҫ˼ɡֻܴ˵֣գ
ӣУϾҪȥ˼һϽŵү԰ֲһ˵ġҾò䣬û׼˻ϲ⻭ϲĺأ
⡰ˡȻĸˡ


584 İ

ᵽİɺ
ԵܿԸټˡ

Բ԰УӺڳ԰Уÿһ͸Űһȥ鷿
ӣ߾ֻʣŮˡ
񳤵Խ죬ʱͷѾ϶ˣʱͶһ廨ӣŮڴµʱӣŮӡ
Ǹˡ
ŮɣζҲͿҪżˡ
İû˵¶
û˵
᲻ŮһԸôľͼ˳ȥʱ̫ӱ֮سҲиԵϵиϵ۸ӡ
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ղ֪¡Ҵҵȼˣ绤Լߣȴһ꣬˵
İôġ
£ӣרĿʼоաҳᣬ⿣ԴΪ֡
İ֪ϲֲרѼרŽװ䣬һһ԰ȥร
֪һһӣ֪ʱʿ򿯿ʳףѾǺܳ顣
ԼԽ磬û뵽ʱ򽲲׵ôࡣ
ֱǳ
ūǰ򿪣Էһ£С⡷ʳԡ飬ҲС˼㡷顣
ӣһġ⡷Ϳзʮ࣬սֲ˵㣬Ķǽϲˡ
û뵽ֿȥôûȴȤ֪ͷ˶ʮҳȻֺֽʹ鱾Ϲ
⻹һ˼㡷͸ţˣƪ£ȫڿ˵ҪᳫʳΪá
ӣΪ˲Ҫڿڸ֮
ǰ棬ͿԼҲˡֽܵĶǻزȺͷģȻ˺öͼ
Щͼ治֪λָĻ񻨶һƯƺֽŶżðζ
ӣ̲סûϢһĭ
һ˵רŽôģѼٶӣöõԼԺСˡ
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ŵʱͰʳϵʵˡ˵Ƥ
ζ˺ܿθ
Ȼըǣը֮ˢźе˼
ȻҶ޸ࡢࡪɫǵıɫǽѩһĿɷǺÿ
ӣְ˶Ƥӡ
ԷƤƤ°ĵƷ֣ʱڱȽϷС
ʱ󲿷˶ӡʲôӣҪϵ
ڵĽСⶵӡԶڵĽС춵ӡзڵĽСзƶӡԴơ
ӣŶӣҲŶƤӡ
ȻеƿڣǳζʵŶƤ۰ͶϣһץһֻͽУڸ
ͶŮӶǶˣƫƫ񫣬ٳԵڶֻ
ӣʢҶȺһڽеζȻټ

ֻҪйڳյУӣܷӳƶľ
İһŲʮ졣ӣѾѲлʳһ󡢹ڶƤ֡ʮָ㣬ȫоˡ
Ͼ԰УҪʲôʳĶһӦȫҲ࣬ūǸ֣ӣֱоִûԽ֮ǰԼСоЩɡ
ֵǱĵ
庮ĵӺݣַǲģӣˮţľƵģѹ˰Ʒٷ峺ļ֮мȳ죬ȵȡʱͱһһĵ
ĵϱɵٷϴˢΣÿˮ̹Ҷ֮ϡ
Ҷ̣ĵףӳ续
СӰ͵ǰ鷿ȥİ硣
İںĻ˵ȵ֮˵รԼ͸ˡ
ʢİ棬СĽʳеĸӽҿ
İ綢İĵһ΢΢ЩǷһĨЦ
Ҷ֮ϣĲӦǰ
Ϊʲôǰĵ

ҲͺˣǹȥͿӣˡ
ӣָŮǽ巿Ĳϸ⣬Ͷڴ廨
ǸҪʱ侫еĻľơ
Գ͸͸
廨ãʱĻӣҲвԼġ
̧ͷŸһЦ˹˹ĵؽϥϵ廨ӷŵһߣȥ
İ翴Ů뵽Сʱÿ񳳳ҪϥǵĿɰģɵкǸпŮҰ˵ͳˡ


585 ɬ

һ𣬹밲֮İ˻֣ʾŮǸøʲôʲôȥ
ӣӺѾ΢΢ˮһʪۣǱﻻѰɡ
İݣȵѣūǶ˳ȥˣӣָӣİʹӣָ
ȻһסԼǰһ¡
ӣ⧲İůĻ̧ͷү
İͷһʱǰĶͷŵô飬԰£Ƶģôôæأ
ӣŷӦԼһСæôʽ̫ˡ
Ҳæӣ˵֣˵Ĳԣסİ֣æǲۡĵĺܣⶼϲ¡
ϲ飬ô࣬Ҳۡ
˵ˣذļ鼮˵һ飬˵ǼרŽġʵѾҩŵķΧˡ
ܶ඼ʺ̲
İˣ
Ȼ˼һ¡
ӣԻ·ͺȻСһһοʦ԰ũ֣İòļҳҲȥɣ
Ҫ
Ҳ˵ģ͹һ㣺ѵȥȽϣ
ѹͺܴ
İЦЦͷᰤһա

ϴ֮Ů˳ȥӣת磬ͿİѾͷϣ΢΢ۡ
۵ʱӣ뵽ʱһ
ôꡢô¶ȾһЩɫ
˯֮У˶
ӣŵ߹ȥ뿪ڣͷİ綼Ѿ˯ˡ
Ȼô˯ˡ
ǰ鷿Ļǹ˵˰컰ģ̫ˡ
ӣôţŵľԱߵıӸϡ
ȣҲǱһ㣬һ㣬˿ޱȡ
İƺʹ˯֮УҲǾģӲŸոոϼͷ΢΢һۡ
ӣס濿˿Ĵϣӣ
ӣЬϴȥİڻ˾ôڴͷ
ȣȺİһ𣬷˭û˯ˡ
ӣԱŲŲֻİĴֵģүȡ
˼İ硣
İЦͱסɵӡ
һûһµĺţ˵е顣
˵ӣ;šʱܸоİ֮Ի˵һ飬ʵҲԼ˼·
Ͼͺá
ǽİ˵Щһ
źڶķ˵˵ţᵽҢ
̹أĴᶽ̩ʧģáѾĴѲ⽮ҢӧЭ񣬿ǲͳʱĴΧˡ
İжҢεͣӣʶľս֡
İůģᶨдᣬӣôһ߬Ҳ΢΢ôˣ
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Ϊ˸ӽܺҢϵ᲻ᡭ
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İ⣬סָ⣬͵Լڴǣָ˸ǰ鷢ǿЦɫصģʰҵ¶Ѿŵ꿪үǲȥġ
˵һİƣӣ硣

ڶϣİ֮ߵŮˡ
վſڣӣѹ
ӣѭȥͿŮϵƽﶼһƺʲô֮˵˵
Ϊǳʲô£ȥһŤŤ˵˼仰
ԭŮҵˡ
ǵһΡ
ֺ͹ŮѾˡ
ӣһ֣һ߰ѺӸ棬Ͱο˵Ҫ֤Ѿ˶ѡ
顣
һǵͨ죬ʮΪĵͷԼʲôһ
ӣһЩҪ̰ˮܺȱˮ裬Ҳܳϡ
ԺˮҪٳԡ
ûôʵ--һԹԵĵͷӦˡ


586 ɽҩܿ

ȵŮʰãȷ֮ӣ뵽Ѿһûȥؿռ䡣
ؿռĸþߵһ٣ΨϧûƷ
ҪȻüܸŮþͺˡ
ŷ緹֮һ˿
ĸһϲЩĿζġ
ſӸҪ˿ͱӣˣ㲻ܳԡ
ܾȣǱġ
ӣͷ֪дף׷ŵĻ٣ʱ̫ܳס
ãĵʲô
ӣһ£Ϊ׾йɬã̫ĻѪ
Ů¾ڼԴ̫Ļпܻʹ
ʱˣҲá
ӣһ渵һ߾ｫ轹Բ
ԹԵųˡ
Ϊۣʱ򣬼ʹȥ԰棬ҲŶڴϣüͷֱҡͷ
㣬߲˶·Ըūȥɡ
һ˵һ߾ͽ˹ڽߣСİԼŵ˵һ¡
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΢΢ԾŶԼһЩô᲻֪¶
ǶҲ˵Щ¶˶죬ҲÿŮ䶼һġ
ǱߣǷӦˣ˼ĵ˵ͷ
Ȼ̧һá
Ůӵˡ
һαȽϵùʼһ컹ܳܺȣ˯ߣǵڶ۵ˡ
ūǽŵæȥӣ
ӣ˸Ͻ͹ŮǴȵӲñӰԼһֻӣڱߺ󣺡ۣ
ӣڴԽ֮ǰǻʹʣͬѧʹ
ļǵãһΣԱվŵһŮʹֱε˹ȥ
УҽԺϽ˵ܣֽ˾ȻֱӰ˸ȥҽԺ
ֲ˵ҲǲҪȴѣǵǸŮͬѧÿ³ֹʹƬ̶ҪϢƺҲûбķӡ
һֱ˸߿֮ǰǸŮݷ˵--ǧҪ˸߿Ǽ¡
ܲ͡ҡ
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ȵˣҲ޷һЩµķӣ˵ƽʱҪעⱣůʳ֮
ڴͷߺ󣺡˿û˼һϲС

ȵŮڰӣС־͸
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Ȼİûн·ŵ۵˼ҲһֻԴɳ
ҪһЩźá
ʷϣƺӺļŮ³̫ãӣÿ뵽ﶼ̲ס
ܴԽʱҲûеť»϶
к͡ԵģϲֻкͣѹûѺ
СҢãϣһֱҲûг֡
ôĲͬӣţŮҲһкõĽ֡
İ˵ˣ˵ԲŮ޵ǧ֮ɹȥʱĸŮָһңң
ھˡ
ʵСʱҲİƵֻʱʵ̫СȻ֣Ҳû
ڲһˡ
ѾǸޢ껪Ůˡ
İӣִ֣յһ£ֱ̾ãүҲ᲻ǵġ
޳ָӣḧ¶үûһղǹϣ˵ŶѾڿˣү
ӣһӣ˳ƾ˽Ļ
ںڰӵһİָӣɢĳ֮䴩һûһµĺġ
ӣĬĬţʵҲ縡ƲԹһ㡣
ǿ졣
תۼ䣬ŮѾҪżˡ
ȵļˣŮҲһ¶
죡
İ磬Ѿʮ꣬ĵȥˡ


587 ŷ

תۼ䣬˿ʮ£Ȼİ֮ǰӣ˵ġʰ겼õ¶Ѿŵ꿪еæˡ
һεȥɽ尢һ
ɽشŵ齭ɵϣһˮɴξ俪ʼѾó׵ķʱ˿޲ƷϺҵĻӭ·
ʮһꡢ̶ڼ䣬ɽĴӾͻﵽİٴΡ
ӿʮ꣬͢󣬷ɽóת䣬һǹ̻Сɽкͺе֯ǿó׻ǽԭֹڵҲҪ˰Ʒ֮С
ڣıйʷֹó׵֮͢Уһ˰Ĳ롣
еñʧ֮ҲдĲٱ׶ˣʹѯİһȥΪʰ궽¡
һߵüֱӾʹԲ԰ˣӺûлء
ͻڳ԰СһοߵʱԶ˵İֻܶչ˺
ͷģеܵء
Աߣ̾ͦСš
İ紽߷һ˿εЦݣܵܡ
û˵ȥ
Цݣ̾йˡ˺Բ󣬵Լǿ
İ֮ǰһЩ̫͹Ůְ֣οӣ֪ϰˣЩˣǲϲýӱˡ
˶٣ӣ㶫·;ңԶүһˣûС깦򣬹ǻزģ¶ֱдŸүʲô״ԱȫԼΪһҪ£Ե¶ү㶵š
֪ӣǸµӡ
Ǻ¶Ҳǻ¶
¶˲¶
ӣûʲôһŪýˡİôȥ˵Ƕʮֲģȥһˣ԰ᷢʲôõ¶Ƶġ
ޣ

ĸԲ԰ſڣĿİĳнԶȥ
ⷽ򻹲Ǿֱ·Ҫ԰ȥһ֮󣬲ʽ·
ȵ֮ĸһӣ̾һһ˻ֻѾ˶Ҳ˵
ôӣ⵹ˡ
ӣ΢΢֣Ҳֻ˳ĸĻͷûһؽ˳ȥǰϾ·;ңԶǰǸûˡ
ĸһٲȥ
ӣ󣬽󼸲
ȻڸǱߣȴϵĻͷӣ

ոջصԺʿѾʾţֽ˵
ӣɨһۣͿ˵ϣʳĶƷĶˮķ
ǰӲŷһ嵭Ʒˡ
Ūζصİɡӣ룬ʿʲˮϵʨǡ
ʲˮϣƽζʣԲ̵ֹȽⶾ
ʨǡӣʿͬƳģԿǸǣʡˡԷưġ㴪ƬȣŨŨ֭ɸ״
Ȼиǡ֣ʵʱ򣬲ǡϣֻӱζȿƵüãķŵ֡
ǵĹҲнͭĶС
ǸƽõгһһָϸģģѹСʨͼֺÿֺóԡ
һһζǣҲһСɣࡣ
һϣǲǰСˡ
Ȼ͡
ƽʱÿǵİʱӣ˻³ʱ򣬶ܵ뵽һЩĿζ
Щ̫ʳƷԣİҲԡ
İôһţϴӺҲߡ
ӣ׷ŷˡ
Ĳ˵һݣȻɳǱѩӡں㳦Ƭʽ
ټС⽣ǻȡϺסĢѩڣͺʣ˵ˡ
Ƥļ͸͸¶ɫڡӣϲϺС⽣뵽Ҫˮ
ʿһһӦţˣߵ̨ϵʱ򣬲ɵţรθڿǴ󰡡
ϣȵʳһһʱӣһЩ
͵͵ɳǱѩӵŮˡ
񿴼ӣ۾ɴˣ̲סµﲻ˵ŮӲɶʳѩ֮˺ôԸԣ
ӣ㱻ǺĿ
ӹֽӣ־͸һǴг⣬⣺ǶодµĲףСŷղģζӦ
ܸ˵ؾֵҲҪ


588 

ӣָһ㣺СҪԵ㣬ǰ⣬Ӫġ
ճԵĹĹĵģ۵һһ۾ʲôǰ⣿
ӣûа취ӽͲ֬ᣬŬʱĹ׵ķʽһ¡
Ȼûȫŷ룬ЦˣĶóԣܻԣʳмңԲ
ӣСƨĵĺ̲סһӾЦˣСӣ
˵ȥȴֻؿ͵һ£ͺ񡪡ԵĺܱܳţҪ³ĸо
ǡſʼ
ӣɨһϵݡɫ۷۰װף涼մ˿ڵķɽڶ
ĵĪԼĲ˵Զˣ
Ͼİ粻ߣ΢ЩʣӣҲòڵʱôаȫС
ôټŷԼˣ¿ӣ˸ȥŷ۹ŵĽ׶
⡰׶еţŴɿڡ
ӣ˰ȥ;ؿڷǹɷ֮ȥһ룬
ߵһԶŮǵСԴ۰صԣȥԺߣʳ
¿ӣɿؽӹԱūĸɾӣһ߲˲֣һ߾ӣҪҪ㣿
ӣЦŵͷĵŮ˿Ե˰ɡ
̩ɽһֻззż򵥣ʵʳУһ
ˮзȵ΢ɫҪȫǣų⣬ø
ĹУҪϼ뽷ϡлܾݴͽֻ֮࣬ҪһʱˣζȫȻͬ
ۿŽŶȥˣشۣзǡ
зǺܺóԣҲǸɵޣֻ֪̰ԡ
͸绹ڳ԰һֱڶûлصԲ԰
Ȼ鲻ôùϽȴҲ˰˼͸ڳ԰ʱԽã˵귨Խϲ
뵽귨ʱţ˵ÿοѧʣĿѺѡ
е⡭˵شˣĿ
͸硭
磬磬硭
ÿ˶˵硣
ÿ˶ڿ޺͸硣
ÿжֻü͸
Ӽ⣬̾һ

Բ԰УհƳ
ӣźһȻ˵ظѾ˼׹ӵŵС֮ǰĻǽȻͬĻ硣
Ҳˣָž͵쿴֮ǰûеأ
ӣźƺƵū߽һЩֵصūżร񿿽æԶľ͹˦ӿͷʲรҪϷۣ
Ҫۣϣ׼á
ӣתͷ˿뿴Ů˼
ȴҡҡͷקקӣӣųȥϷۣǶϤˮԣǱȥˡ
ӣ˵ͷ˵
תū·ȥһ·ֶֻźߣ˵˵ҲʮȤζġ
ͷͬ
ӣŮ޷֮һƬҶְȥˣڱֻϧںߣҲ֪߶ˡ
˶٣Щ꣺ٹ꣬ҲҪͬһ˵ˡ
һӾˣͰ͵קסӣӣŵɢɢôֺúõ˵Щ㵽ڻûżء
ӣÿɷĵ˵ͷĹ˹ŮıǼ⣺ͬԭҲ˶٣Ǹżңһġ
̧ס˵ˣ
ӣ֪ŮΪ飬ЦЦסŮ֣ãﲻ˵ˣ˵ˡ
˵֪㰢·ôˣȴûϵ͵͵ľԼӣͰ͵СʣҺͶżңôҷ
ӣһӾͱסˣôҷ
˶٣Ůʲô𣿡
ͷҡĸ˹һûУʣ
ӣһЦ˵Ȼ־ؿһ¡
Ǹղŵʱֱơ
һĸͷЩˣһûվȣһ¡
һ·ں̵ūǶһһͺร
ҲŻˣסӣӣǿ˶һ߷ԸūȥҴһ߾սӣ֣ң
һѾ̧ӣֻǰκ̧ۿŮѾӰˡ
һˣȴǰѳƵġ
Ƿ
ӣԺţǵԼԽ֮ǰСѧʱһĩûãѵһͨԼίС˺һ
޵󣬾Ȼˡ
յúѰ趼Żˡ
һȥҽԺ·ϣҲġܿʲôˣͷƵġ


589 ɽ

ȵͻصԺҽҲѾҴҵĸϹˡ
ӣû뵽ǣҽ꣬͸ϲǻˡ
ӣɵˡԴӺ֮һѾôꡣ
οҲѾ긾˵ͣδؾʱô׻ϺӣʹղŶ£Ҳѹûⷽ롣
û뵽ǻˡ
Աߣ˾ͺܼܹסӣ󣬿ĵֱΣҪˣ
ȻСȴСӣεǰ
ͷסļ򣬰Ա˴ˣûƼӲöЪһЪ
ҽڵҲصรûʲôԵķԸūűȥҩˡ
ӣ¶ȱᡣ
ҽæͷรģū֪

ҽӣͿСüͷ塣
ҽ֪Լղľ仰˵ò׵ɵ㷲Ƭ̣񲻷ĵʣҶѾʮˣ
ԭǵ
ҽһæο˵ร彡Ҳãֲǵһ̥ˣʮ긾ŮҲǳ
ˣŷְŮǽϸϸƽչиҪע
ȵҽˣӣǰסӣ֣ϢǻǸϽ߰ɣ
һ˵һѾԸ׼īдš
ӣ룬ҡҡͷ¶ȲҪţȹһ˵
˶٣ȥСЩƵѱī԰ȥһˡ
ؾȥˡ

԰У˶ﻳе¶Ҳʮָˡ
Լڳ԰ܵܵ鷿ù˼Ҳüˡ
ʱһڸֻ¹µĺܡ
˵ԶﻹʮֵĺãԺ¶˭Ҳ˵׼
ﲻҲһеǣʱǧ谮һ
ȵʹˣҲֻż߶߶顣
͡еģ衱ûˡ
⡪Ѿˣ㹻ͬһĽϺһӡ
԰СܻܵСãԺͲ¶ˡ
һôţһСӿдŸ߰ꡣ
Сӵร˼ʱȲҪš
ĬĬͷĵҲȷʵ׵

¹㶫ȣİ尢ڵض·ϡ
ȻѾᱡѣϾǻӣֻŶ̴
һѴڴ̫ô칦İֻﶼ˺ˮ
мϢʱͿūΧ尢磬Ȼĸͷĺˮ
尢ɹͨͨģۿһƤҪˡ
ȻһС̫ӣ尢ͱūźţѥ
ѥ⵹ҲǺˮ
İ綼ٿȥˣĬĬתͷ
ʱƽ
Ȼ˱ͰΪϾСռ䣬Զܹ͸磬ټϱͰıڻĺҲԽԽ٣͸СƵġ
尢ܲˣˡ
⻹ͷ۵ġعԱʱλš
һţͻʶð˵ػ
ȻзԱߣλ˹ٻȻּͬѼ龰
İ硢尢úܳ
ķȵĺǡİϻˣҴԱС񣬻һͻۡ
еĴ򿴹ˣһֱ˵Ϊȣƣˮǻȥ˺һҽ˼λȽҩġ
İһֻܺࡣ
尢͸ùˡЩɣûصȥһͺʪȴ
һֱȵϻص֮ۡŻ
žΪʪƵ̫ã尢һߵĺ񣬿ž͸һ߲Ƶġ
İϻСɲҶˡ˯ʱ򻹲ţֻܰſԣټȣѹһ˯һʱǺ¶
ôһ尢춥èƵĴȦ


ΪиӣһӸȡ
ǱͰֲ̫࣬⺮̫ʢиӡ
ŮվߣӡȷҲȵ̫ˣỺȡ
С紵ţ⣬Ķŵϵһı
ӣЩпڴͷ۾ʱ򣬺ȻԺжˡ
ԭūǻϲصĹ˵ǺͰˡ
ǹͻġ
ȰڹأڸԺ밲Ͼ͹ˡ
ӣһӻˣ˯ȫޣһƱӾ´ˣСŷﻹյǶϲģϽó


590 ͻظ

ūǻϲصȥˡ
һ͹ˣлūţл򱧻ᣬ򱳻ӡ
ʹ͡
ʹԶؿҲܼӿ˲ӣȵǰµʱӣ˵á־ȥñ
ȻˣһˣʱǸĲѿڶСʱĳƺʲôԹԡСĸζ
ڡ
վͷŶ۾
еСʱС顣
ӣͷֳذСһһһĺģĦĺס
ͳֱ߰۶ˡ
Ǹղȥӣӣûֻô̶̵ļ¹⾰ȴĳˡ
˵ǰǽСк֮Ľ׶ΣȴѾ֮Ľ׶ˡ
ļˣȥ˾øаȫˡ
ȻĻݣҲԵøˡ
񱼳Ҳǻϲ
ǿվŵٷһİĵ۾ﶼŹˣǸСʱһȥ͵磡

ȵӣӣѶǰϸĿ˺ü顪ܿóӦǱ鷿ﲻʱ䣬ƤԵˡ
ǵ֮ǰʱʱĻᱻİȥѧũʱһСɹһЩ
ʱָֻˡ
磬ڹŻ귨ѧʲôˣһߵϣػ˻˫ȣһаʺ͡
仰ʳڣװ۵С־ʶ߬˿ӡ
ӣתͷԺŸոջԵ㶫һ˵еʱ䣬
һ˵һ߰ǰյǰƣúܣҪԣҪһȥθ
־Ͱӵݹȥˣ硣
ͽӹ˼ڣֻ¿ɿڡǶϤζ
ŷĶȻ֮ƷʳģǺСԹߵĿζ׻ǲһ
͵Ŀʼˣӣ״ܿͰһյյȥˡ
ŶӳԶʱӣҲԸūȥ׼ϴˮˡ
һȦϵĺͽʪ͸ѣϴôУ
ﲻæµһûس԰ȥ
Ҫȥӣ񶼳һͬ˳
ΪѾء
ͻǽһ¡ԭΪĶﻳУ֪״Σźò귨˼١
˻̽ףһûȥ
ҪȻĻʽĻظˡôı
ܻǰ֪ġ
һûˣȻôǰһҪߣӣ᲻á
Ϊ˱Ŭϵı顣
ˣʹӣţһۿˡ
ﲻҪѹǰ󣬻귨ҪAȵA֮󣬶ӦˡͰο
Aľӣѿڵ
ľAĴʵǱȽ϶࣬ŪֻҪһᵽAΪҪȥеǱߵľΧˡ
ҡҡͷ͸˵ȥľǾھһΧڿΧ
ͲǧԶˡ֮УҲɢźЩС͵ĻʼΧġ
ӣ˵ͷ˶ӵʱڻүүߣһҪעⰲȫ
͵ͷ
һӣһֱѶ͵԰ſڡ
һ·˵޷ǡﾫӿܳ˯Ҳʮַˡ
ӣʼЦţͽľúСӡôÿζԼ˵ĸϰʮ̫̫һ
סڣ
·ϣʺ͹顪Ҳֻ΢Цţ赭дһʴ
ӣֻ֪Լ˵ϢһЩʹ飬ҲֻԼĬĬĳе˶ѡ
Ͼڳ԰У˵ʥ裬ʹٵ͵Ҳû͵ȥ
룬԰ʲôطǶ󳼣Ӱǽĵط
˶ȥ鷿ͺһֱߣˮ¥̨ȵ¡
ܲۺ
ʲôĵȥӣźֽͣӵ֡
ɫ򶨵ȻͷģС̵˶ӣһ˵ʱ;޵ģЩ֮µʱԽ࣬ԼרעʱԽ١ɹ󣬶ӿɲ˷ѣ
ӣżֱҪ̲סĸ׿ĵ᣺޶ǳˣ
Ͷ˶٣ֵⷬ԰ڻ귨ߣѧ࣬Ҳࡪ˸ӴԶ磬ԶӴǰʮ¶Ҳ˽Ȼͬ⡣
תͷӣЦ¶һŽ׵ݣô˵ˣ
ӣֱ΢΢б򣬳վںİúӣչ˺ö磡


591 Χ

ص԰һ·ֻƹƵĵ̰صԺӣſǰࡣ
һߺ࣬һ߳ſ⡣
ȫȻۣζԶż
ھ͵͹ųѽˣ㲻ȥ𣿡
΢΢ľ˾С죬ת
ԱźŮ⣬æǰŵ졣
תЦŵжͽͣҪȥʲô֣
һ˵ţһ߾ͻ˻СȣӣµصӸȥˡ
ӣ˼źͣҲû̧ͷͷȥɣ
̵ߵӣַһƪ¡
ÿһʶģһȴôҲȥ
ǲᣬҲǲֻ˼ƮƮҡҡʼ޷С

ϵʱӣŮźϴ֮˱ףڴǰоȻſһ
ӣһתͷͿվſڡ
ôˣ±ʣֶŶģ
һ¾Ϳ첽߹ˡ
ҲСˣӣԼϥţһ£ͦ
ﻹһҲ̫иʧ⣬ʾŮԱߵСո˹ģú档
ŷԸūǶ˳ȥ
Źֻ֮ʣĸӶˡ
ôˣ
ӣ˺һ˿ϵЦ⣬
Ҳ̧ͷĸףһֹģӵĶӲԹһƣȻ£ӱȥˡ
ӣ֪϶ôһ¡
ǺȻԸ˵ֺαر
û¶úϢ˵ʲôʱҶ
ӣĺļ

Aܿ쿪ʼˡ
ΪһAֻھԳ˵ģҲûľΧôƴޱߡ
ϾǻʼΧԣƻеġ
ϽǳĹٵ֮ϣεǼݣʮꤣ־ޱȡ
ĵΧߣڣΪոС磬иˣϣ鷢
־죬ֻΧΧȲʣ꣡꣡꣡
װҲһӢ˲ϣΧɽһڻүүǰһĨƣɵؾ͵귨鷢
ͷЦʲô鷢Ǵһûʹȫˣ
һ˵һֵ̧תޣָΧ̵ǵȫóǰɲѹţ
䣬ֻͷһ춯һֻʰ쵵ķѾųԽС֣׹䵽һȥˡ
̧ͷ˳µķգƣտտģԵĺ
ʱѾղ乭µֻ˹;ͼڻӰ֮Уʮһ˸߲ҵķˣֶſµʰ꣡
ԭһֻݣղʮط»µġ
ǵУʮط»ĸλߣ⹫Ҳһ֮ĸںǿվȽŸΪ˺üӡ
Ʃ֮ǰȥʮ˰磬ʮ尢磬ʮֵܡ
꿵Զľʮ˰粡أﲢӣʮʰǧš
ҲΪԭ򣬿ÿοʮӣǻ뵽Ѿȥʮ˰硣
Ҳ˳ŰѶʮ˰Ǹβ䵽ʮϡ
һ֣ʾʮʮִҪµķ׸ԼǱԸֿ˼ʮļ
˵꣬תͷԺ͵֪ͣʮʦͬһˡ
ʱڹУûٸҸ־ʦ
ԺͲôĽ
ڸղʮʱ򣬾ѾʾԳء
ʮôһ˵תͷԱ߳ĺֶ͡
֪λӺҵĶ磬ǻʰһʱߣʮֳ谮һλӣæ˼͡
Ȼռ˱ˣǸС壬ʵͺͲಢ
֮ǰ鷿˴ҲǼģֻǽ治ࡣ
ʮؿ˼䣬͸Ͻǫ
Цſһ˲ŵͣ⻹ֻΧıԵﻹи귨ߣ
شӦˣ
ΧԽ룬ľԽï
һΧ֮ǰδǸŴ󲿶ߣҲδ뵽滹ôĿռ䡣
ȻǺͻ귨˵һģһǸղŻֻΧıԵ滹и

Բ԰Уӣڴ£ָΪСӤ׼СǶŻȻ;޶˶˵˼¡


592 ͻ

ۣȻ޶˶˵뵽Ǿϻƣ֡
ޣ
ֻ۹˶ѡ

Χ֮УĲ룬޵Ҳḻ
ǡ
һοѲʱٸУ֮ʮźӥȮϣʹ޳һУʵԡ
ʵ⻹ֻС͵ֻȡΪ
ȵΧȡҰΪȡܵƤ㡢¹׵ȡ
һ·ںߣ֮󣬺ȻǰһƬ˾˻֮
ǾСģݣݣ
ͷһǰ뻤ںǰȴͰҲɫһ䣬ٶȱѾǰݷ˹ȥ
ûǰֻһͬƽؾһ㣬Ȼը
䡱һ죬ֻ𶯵ľ֮䣬Ҷ׷£ּų֮̿С
Ұʱһûеζ
귨ͳ嵽ǰ棬ſһֻƤë쵵ͻ
Χ֮УǡеģͻľΧƺƴɽ֮䣬һ㲻
Ǵﴳġ
ϣֱͦǴӱ󿴣ѹͲţѾһλʮˡ
ؽеĻǹ𣬶ǹڴһɫתͷź͵ͣ귨Ѿʰ
ǰڿǰ΢΢ͷ귨һҪСģ
˵ʱһߴһ΢΢óеĽģʱӿһů
ΧѾΧ˰ΧȦ
ϣس˰죬ֻϻſڵһѪĴӿ
͸ˡ
תͷǰȥʰ׼תͷ뿪ȻĿӺɨʱͣͣ
ͣȥһ
һ¡ʲô˼أ
ܿͺԱһ׹ˣ귨谮ӣͷԲĹͷϡ
ССͣɱޣνӢˡ
ЩЦãǻ귨۰Ҳˡ
ȥת˻ǹǹĺ͵ı
귨ŨͲֱӸ귨ˮ
ǰŵϵͻ΢΢̾һ˱ϵĹ
乭ŵ޵ʱ򣬺Ȼϻצ΢΢һ£һ˫ͭ۾ҲȻˣ˺͵ߡ
µŵòסӣ̾ҪȥȴѾˣֻֻͻ·عⷵһ㣬һ͵һϵĺ;˹
ļߣֱԽͷǳϵģһ˫ɭɭ۾˱ĺ⡣
ۿһ˫ѪѾǰͳϰӦ죬һѥ⹴סʯ֮䣬֮ԡ
ȻǧһĺȻޣȻŹѪѹƣ˲ŵ֫ۿžҪԵȥҲ
ͬʱҧγذףαǺݺһ̡
ʹͦ˳ȥ
ҲͬʱͻĴԾ˹ȥΪӭǰȥڿǶȣ˸ա
صһ˲䣬ҲѾƣ»صϣ乭ֶͻһ
ͬʱĻǹҲһǹ
˵һǹһͬʱͻϡ
ͻһ캳صĴӾҵһԲ˫ۣվԭأôվˡ
ǳǰҲ˲ʲôƤˣݺݵر㽫ϻͱ߰˸
뻢δźͣͣţ
ϣſҡҡͷ
ĴӶͷϲָϵһξӨĺ顣

ص԰оþòƽ
ȥ˵
ں󹬣δ֪Χ֮£ȵôһ˵һļҵĺӣӺ͡
ݲȵĵҲһӾվָ߬ӣϣǺӡ
һ鼱ģȵ˵ڲŷӦүȻ˵¶˵û¶
ҡͷһٸпҿǺ뵽㵽֮࣡
ʱǲȻᱻͻСҲӹһ١
һƽ֮ϣȫȻƣಫѻʯ
п˻ûվȣϻѾת˻û乭ʱͻᡣ
򾲵ķӦʣʵǲ򵥡
ǻǴҲǲġ
ߵ̨֮£ĿŴԺľǸпصļҵӣи


593 

ͻص԰Ӵһ±ǷԸūǣ׼й¶͵ܵǡ
˭˵˰仰͸Ŀ⻺ɨһصūźǡ
ȻҲֻǵģ˶Ѿͷȥģ

Բ԰ֹ˼գӣƽʱһӵ˺ʹӳ԰ġֻ˵ڻүүѧϰ顢գּ˼䣬ǰһȥΧԣԻ˲Ȥ
żһģбԵķϲװ
ӣŶż֪һжãһġ
һƬɫëչƣĵҪ治֪ʲô
ϾǺӵһƬ⣬ӣõūǸˡ
ȵʮµףİǴӹ㶫ˡ
ӣΪʱҪ˲١
˵үˣԲ԰¶ʮֻϲ
ӣߵūǸһรУȻֻѹϢ׼˵ǱϾǴ¡
ūһ쵽һģͰͲүջء
İҴȥԺ֮ǰ鷿ȥ񣬱ӣˡ
ӣӭ첽ո̨ףѾİ˻
⧲һģŵķסѹͲ֡
รһߺūһһ߻ᳶ˳ӣӣĻеĶӡ
İֽסӣ֡
һ˳ȥɹ˲٣ӣȴֻںԺţֻֽһʱ򣬶ʱڰ׷
İķɫԳ˳˵Ӣ㡣
ӣ̧ͷǡ
үȽȥһô˵ţһ׼ȥ֮󣬵İϴһ£һѣ򵥺ȼڲ裬͸ϲ
ڹ鷿ߵĺֻ֪ˣͱˡ
ûף˵úܣϾѾǸͤͤŮˣ˼Сʱһֱӳ嵽׻ڸ
꣡춼Ű
ܿĵؾֵСܵСã㶮¶ûôڶ
İҪ鷿ȻǲСʱġ
һ΢΢ŵ꣬˵ĲǺ
İ籾ŲյҪ͵ߣ⻰һ̧ͷӣ
ӣָָԼĶӡ
İ׹ȻһûѲˮˡ
վˣ첽һַӣĺ󱳣һ־ȥĶӡ
үûԻʱ򡣡ӣ̧ͷЦһ¡
վģ̾ͱİ簴סˣ𶯡
ôͷ˵ĽǶȱ任ˡӣ˸
ᰴİֱϣ˶˱˴һ˲䣬Ц
˵Ҹͷ
ү棬ʱûϢдŵݹȥӣС͡
İ֣û˵ʲôͷԸһ磬ȥ̫ҽ

Ϊñط꣬˵֪˵˺
ƽʱʱѾ˯ˣӣȻԽ˵Խ񣬻İ翴ʱˣǿϿЪš
ӣ˵˵žͿڴͷˡ
İͷ§סֱ۸ͷԿȥ§ס
ﾲĵģūͱÿȥˣֻһյƣ߽䡣
ӣİǰ̧ͷİüӳڵƹһһ߰
ٵʱӶ࣬ʱ򾭹̬з¶˲֪ᡣ
ǵͷӣʱеֱˡ
һֻӣĺ󱳣һֻֻشϸֻˣ԰ﲻټסȥǵȵ¸ͷϽһҲȥ
ӣſϵůöЩˣ⻰Ҳֻ΢΢Ƥ԰Ҳͦã˰ĺͺϲ˵ˣֻҪүһĶһ
İˣЦͷס֣͵Լǣӣգ˵ȴƤԽԽԴҲ»
ȻҪ˯ŵӡ
İ罫û˵Ļ̻˺ָӣӣ˯ɣӣ

ʮһͷʱ򣬺İƵһģһȻҪϽˡ
֮ǰ껹һʥּҪޡ飬ڳ԰ݣڳߣһ顣
˳µسΨһһھ԰Ļӣûһſص˳С
ס˴Բ԰뿪ڻصӺӣջʱ򣬾Ȼкüϴ
زϰ


594 ʲô

صϽǣҲصӺ
İڹܿᵽ˺Χյ顣
꣬Ҳһ乵亹
ȵϻǰ鷿İͰ¶ϸʺˡ
͵̹ϡʲôشʲô˵Ϊ¶оգ˵ףҲûʲôʵԵ˺
ԣȥ˱ǹȥˣֺαضԣ
ټ϶УܾŵģŷԸūȫҧ죬һ˵ȥ
İֱֻ̾ͼźӵǳˣѶ´һȥЩϢ⼸ղؿôˡ

ûգİͶӣ˵佥Ҳڳõ˺͸һסǰ鷿ʱˡ
ӣУԹ˲Ͼչ˺ˡ
ˣԱգգ۾Ÿ׵飬֪ûأҲûô˵ʵؾ͸ź͸ȥǰ鷿ˡ
ļ򣬺ֳģȴȥơӣҲð׼Ȼʰ
һ˵һ߰˾ڵܼܵģǰ棬ѧֵǶһҲ㡣
⻰ȴˡŴӴԣҲˡ
̧ͷתת۾ź;Цˣã

ΪУһů裬ӣ;ñ͸ūǶȥˡ
ϵĴ멶ϺõƤݣֻҪӲ磬Ҳ䡣
һˣһ죬ӣ÷׶
ʱǸոùţ˯һͶûзһˡ
͵СƷûϹƽϲԵģֻʱΪУСŷʱͳͳҪ͡
Ⱥˮ裬ŴµѩСӹüֱҪ̫⡣
İ籾ʮ۰Դһλ֮ʹ͸ûϹӣʱŶ£İ˵Ҫʹôˡ
оⷿһĶᵽˣ
İְԼǰĿȫĳ磺ʲô
ȵİ֮ӣһֻͷпڴ£ūʰĶ
鶫൱ֱ࣬ࡣ
ӣūԺǰӾػ˿ˡ
۾ˡͷˡ
ôණҪֲǲˣЩҪģһʱòģڶԺҲûɶ
˵ˣȥȥѧϰģŪôеûģڷһӣǻܰĶ
ӣҪСӶߣ̲סڵ
żؾ͸͡˵Щһ٣ȫǽ
õ˰ǰ鷿ǱߵĲãٺãҲδغ⡣
ӣô𡭡

ڣǰԺ鷿ӲúˣΪ磬˼ΣҲû˵ʲô
ȵNʱƼ˺ӣһôڵģ㲻ѿô
СԴǲˣN磬ôǻأ⣡
NߵǰղһӵΣʱ¡
սƣͱӽǵѬѬò˸硣
Һסˣ
NűӣüͷԱߣ״εЦŰѺNȥˣɡ
վԼſڣˣŻͷϰԵһֻӡ¡
ԼģƵСӡ¡
ӡ£չ⿴˿תһ飬ҳӡȥ
ԼĶȻҪԼӡǡ

ӣԺһߣֻʣ񣬶ʱоûкڵʱôˡ
ǳˣҲСʱôӣ᲻뿪Ǹʱ򡪡ǺͶһ𣬱Լ
ˣ棬պŨ
Ŷ񣬾ȥ˰üΡ˵ȥ档
İ۰Ů˺üΣĥӲ֮ҲЩмܲסˡǱ˵ȹһӣһ˿գʹŮȥׯһ졣
ʧİӣСܹƿˣû꣬ҺͶ㶼СˣׯǶȥ˺öˣξڽ棬֣ǰɣ
ԱߣȻûȻҲ̧ۿŸס
İ룬⵹ף⼸գһմӹ磬Щ˺ǡ
ֻڰѻ˵ȫˡҪǾԼȥ棡
İ꣬룬˵ȻˣһʹҪҲðһȥɡ


595 

ǣ˳µء˸õĺӣŻûǰŶ񣬱һϽȥˡ
˵˵ĹһЩϾŮͶ񶼻װжҲܷһЩ
ϵģ˵̶ԶԶȲȴһ̻
ɰȤСֵʳ̯ӡ
Ϊ겻ߣû˹ţ⿪ģʳࡣ
һţһΧ۵֡
ԭǸڿ޿Ḹ
ҲǶޢ껪毺ãͺ񡢶ࡣ
Χ˶ָָ㣬̾ϢҲòĿ´Ů
ۡ־飬ֻϷ̨ϼû뵽ͷһˡ
񡭡СүЩأϵƭҲˣλС󣬻ǲҪǰĺáߵūѿڶ㺰ˡ񡱣ҺÿСϵװżʱĳү
һŮֻͷѾĵúˡֻƾɵ£Կóǲġ
һֱڷ
վȺ棬ûôսȥ֣ū˵ҪؽˣƭӶ࣬Ҳúеֱȥø첲ã߰ɣͣǰ滹˼أ
ūǶŶŲ˽Ų
ȴû
΢΢תתͷͿҲվԭأһûж
룬ǰ磬ЩŰ°ɡһôСŮӹڽϣô˶ţֿġƭΣҲһӣֻƻ£ˡ
һ˵ţһ̲סһ۰Ĳ
ȻСʱѾʶС磬һתôȥˣȥɫת֮ǿᡣ
ֱСʱеİС绹ÿ
һ˫ĿЦʱ򻹺ãЦʱ򣬱ǶӺǰʯ񣬿ȥҲģ
ҿǸӣƾһЦվϣͲ֪ҪԵС
ô˵ͷģһнūá
ΪҪȥˡ
û뿪ߣȻػҲû뿪
ķ׷ӵĴϣֻ˹ȥְŰˡ
Ů棬мľ͹ͷ˵ҪΪūԱ顣
ȥõūæ˵ֻԼүÿǡ·Ҳ͵һֵˣȥū澡
ճΧֵҲͽɢȥˡ
˵ΪūΪ澣ŮȻҲǻϲġ
ḸȲѣ˭ϲ˵ūʹ
һ߲ᣬһ߱峵׼뿪
ȺɢˣŮ̧ͷԶİֿղŹԼߵ˰ߣ֪ǸĺĹӡ
û뵽ô
һ˲䣬͸ˣֿ޿˵ԼƮ㣬һŮӲ֪úȥδӣܸүˣôҲиڷˣүܷ񷢷ȱһ
ԼʹŮڰǰ޵滨꣬һģȻ;úܲ
תͷ˶ӣƵĻ˻Σͷ㣬߰ɣȥȥ
վԱߣεĳ췭һۣҡͷ͵Ҹղô˵ģ㲻Ҫ°ɣ
һ˵һ߾߹ǰȥվŮǰֱ۱ǰصǸҲУùүȢף·ƢĺܣźŮϸѾȱأ˵ȻΪūΪ澣Ǹˣôô򣬵ʱɱϣ
ŮѾ¶ȴ֮ɫʱ˵£ԥԥҲղôһŰˡ
һЦŰ߰ɡ
ոתͷȻɫͱˡ
񲻼ˡ
񿴼ţԱ߼ūţأ
Ǽūһǣֻ˵ڴתߵòִ٣ֻſŮԻȻһʱûſ
̧ͷŰɷµһ־͵ˣøղһֱ˵Ҫᣬ˿Ƕ
˲ٶ˵ʲôתͷҴҷԸԱūǿöķ׷˹ȥ
ۿŰ׷ȥˣūҪϣǸôʲô
ʵߵĲ죬ֻﲻʹ죬һ·ͷ··װŮװʣױϡ
׷ǰȥһ·סѰңһ·һˮ̯Ͽ
һͷ̯ԱߣǰһˮȥСƵġ


596 С

ˣһôһ˲䣬ʶԼղŽŵﶼȫ亹ˡ
ǰȥ
ƵصͷһСӣڲŪˮȻǰˡ
국ɫ°ڡ
̧ͷƳһĨɫҲ֪ǰ硣
뵽ղǸŮ滨ģֻöµûţתͷȥ˵ʲôֻ³һ֣
Ͼ棬񷴶ۣҲǰˮˮһ׶û
΢΢˴۽ޣ񣺡ϲζҪҪģ
⻰Ȼ˵ƽʡԵ˳ƺʮǡ
Լ֮󣬲žǹƵĸо˲١
ʱʻתûпֻǺܽӲܽĸ֣㣬ûǮ
һ漴Ȼ΢Ц
ɲô֣ȻǲϺɰġ
΢΢һתʾˮ̯ӵϰȸǮһ߰˵õˮ
ˮ̯ӲС⣬ϰִ󷽣ȻϲּŲԱߵ㡰ꡱȻװ磬ϸһܿǸҡ
ǸƯĹң⿡Ĺһԡ
ֻʱĹĵľ죬Ҳ΢΢һߡ
λүȥҲǼģֻаݺ˵ᡣ
˵϶ļҸոճ׵СޣأŹǰ֣Իװ
ڰ·Ϸ˵㲻죬ССһܣɷںء
һˮѾϰȻǼ򵥵СԣɫͷףҺ̵ģҲÿ
ϰ̣ŸղɷںԼ˵ǰжԳµСޣֱŤ˼ĺܡ
Цű԰λӣС껹͵ĺˮʺŮá
⻰ɵתϰŮӣ
ϰһЦֽˮǵϣŶ԰λСүиȢλôò·ˡЩҲӦõģ
˵ˣûʲôתȥæ¶ˡ
ǰ̯Աߣ˵
Īľ;úĻšһͨͨģɤۡ
־ȥϵĺˮ룬һѹѹû뵽ǣΪԶһЩȥãҲҵȥһЩ
˶ͬһʱ䷢ġ
ǰøֱϡ
ůȣ񼸺񴥵һɿľͽ˻
Ҳ˿
һε쵽˲Ӹ
Ȼ;ˮ̯ӵĵӼֱƨƨô뵽ղͣأ
ǽȥˣȺһţһ˵Ҳô΢ķΧѽ
ͷҿ磬ͷһ˲ȻѵýͰ͵ص񣬳ˮ
ȻѸղǵˮĸˡ
һ̧ȥ
ðҲ˹
һſѵõǺˡ
Ȼ߾ûƿߡ
촽
ˣʱͷֱ޲ðˮȥˡ
رˣ

ԭصһòˣŴūǰķ߹ȥ
û߶ãͿúͰ·Եˮ̯ˡ
Ȼ˵Ц
֪˵ʲôȤĻ⣬Цúܿģ죬ǰϡ
ҲЦһЦһﶼƴƵȻᡪ۾˶ܿóĺ塣

ٽͷѾ£ߵյĻ졣
Ӻȥ
·˶߲࣬죬ÿӱ紵ʱ̲ס͵͵һۡ
棬ϣʱߣ̲סͷҲһۡ
ʵ浹ûôһſθڽʳƷ˸顣
˿ȻúȻűˡ
ϾǴСҪõãϹһ˿Ʋ˵Ƶ΢Ц
ȵ˴·ٶȽĿֹȥסӣ뵽ŮḸ飬͵ãѲ⣬Ժ󡭡ˣǲ̫ˡ
һ˵һ߾ģģЩԭǲ˵ġԣοҲͣ󡭡
˶٣ȻЩ˼˵˳ԺˣɲϺˡ
帣ˡ


597 

һ˲䣬˶㻰е˼
Ů㿴ңҿ㣬һ˲Ҫ˵Ȼͣ
Ӻˡ
ǰ˳ֽϲСԸһ˽ȥ

ԺӣöһһҵķţȦ·
֮Уոչ̫ҽڵͷдҩ
รˣһȦȥɣһ߽ؿŽ£һǰ⽫·ϵССʯߵһߡ
öһطסӣ
ӣǵá֮ǰԼǰ漸ӵʱ򣬶Ϊ·˶ӵʱ˳
ǰɹľ飬һλڼҲûԼš
أˡ
ܿĵǰ˼Ȼͣ²Сײ˶Ķӡ
˲ӣ߹סӣ֡
ӣŮϺ˵ģǴ죬ץԼһ˫СȴȺġ
϶úܿġ
ǳȥƣϿˣ˵ص
ӣָŮޱߵ鷢һתͷÿū̫ҽ˵ҩѾдˣรץҩ尾ñǡ
̫ҽͷˡ
ҲǸģʱվһԣ̫ҽȥˣе̧ͷӣһлô
ӣӿһůŶ͵˵ͷȻ˳һǣһŮӣһ
ŵʱˣҲӣ
ûԼڣӣͿſӣƺһȫθڵӡ
ùˣ̧ͷʸŵūš
ūǻû𻰣ԱЦȿˣý˲ˮҲ𣬹ǳԲˡ
һ˵ţһ߶ζĿһ
Ȼˣ׵ص˽һۣ㣬ȵɣ
һ˵ţһ߾æҵָԱߵŮϵʢһݹȥǰ
Ȼס죬˵ȥˡ
ӣûʲôŮȻųȥ֣ôһЩʳҲǺ顣
׼˰ǰյһЩ۹һɨͿǶζЦݡ
ȻһתͷͿԼŮȻȫˡ
ӣﶯ˶
ȵţӣֻ˵кüƯĲϣźʺ϶Լһˣһԡ
񿪿ĵĸں棬Žȥӣ֧ˡ
ʣ˶һˣӣʾԼ£ŵúӣȻƺһҲдһΣ֪ǲǡ
ûѻ˵꣬Ѿµʵʲô
գգ۾ƺЩԥ̧ͷӣڴ񣬻˵˳
Сϲá
ӣһӾֱˡ
ǰĶ񣺡ã
ͷҲϲ
ȻǸúӣӣէȻ仰һİײ˱˵ʹУڰٸн֮⣬͸һ˵ʧС
ȷ𣿡סļ
Ϸ¶һ˿֮ɫӣͳֿصʵѾôʱˣûʲô𣿡
ӣ򴽣û˵ʲô
ʵ֮ǰûлɹ
ż磬һɰЦ
ӣʱҲԼǹó˼άȥ뺢ˡ˵ѹûء
Ű磬ӦҲֻԺһɣ
û뵽ת۾ʹˡ

Ȼ뵽İ֪ϢҲǲɡ
˵׼ϸ׵ĸܻ⡣
ԭõ£ұģҲû˵˳ص
ǲڡ
ϵı飬֪ùڰǰѹûа¶
ԸܻԼǸأȫûʶȽΣ
ôһֱĬȥһ⧲ŮĻ¡
Ǹʱ˵ʲôˡ
ӣ˶Ļվⲽߵ˴µԱߡ
һһ߾˳˱ɽϵıʣֽ̿д
к棬ȥƣŷԭֽдĶһЩ
һдһͿͿĸġ
ϸһЩǶŰ˵Ļ
ѾΪһ죬¶ǰ׼ˡ
ĬĬš
⺢ӣһ·ųģǸúӣǡӣ
İһعˡ
ļǷڳٻ˼ҵǧȻٺò䡣
ŮİѾˡ
ѡʵ̫ˡ
οİ飬ȻһһλŮ
δôͻˡ


598 ν

üͷֳ˳ӣӣŵҾ¶ûȺһ£׵
˶٣Щģ߶߶زٵöʼ顣õӣ֪ġʱƤˣ˵Ǵ¶Ҫ˵׼˲ǡ
ӣţжоĵάһ־ͰѶԼġ

˶֮ӣתصǰ
ոձŮźϴںڵĳʪţɢڰɫϣԽĵѩ
СѾһŮˡ
ӣôţб˴ĸ֮飬߹ȥӹԱڸͷŮеӣȥɡ
Ůʰϴþߣһ߱ϹϾȻųȥˡ
ʵѾЩˣʱһߴǷһ̧ͷӣ㵽˶ټѽһֱڣҶȵˡ
ӣһĳһŵ˲ѣǰ巿ģ˵ϲǼҴ멣ƺҲ⡣
һԥļ̌ϲʲôҶøֻҪ㿪ģ
ӣпһЦŮĺףҲӵԵˡŮȻԸ죬ͬĶԶԷһֿϣֻάԷ
Ļĵ顣
رסСϣƤӣĶӣЦŵδĵܵܣã٣ѽ
ӣ˳ױ̨ϵõ巢ͣһŮͿĨڷϣһ߲ſһͬ˵¶ǡ㰢ų˼ҶǽͶĻһ˳ĻɹٱǸȢˡ
ŵһӾվˡ
ĶЩ̫ͣͷòϣ˺ü
ʶʹֻɫɷ׵Ķӣһ˲䣬صʲôˣ
ӣַסֱ۾ֻ²ϣˡ
ſڽ࣬һĶѪˣ˵ҲýˣҡûС
ӣŮļڴƻԺŮĵȫˡ
ˣںģ￴㣬ҲͲúˡӣЦŵ
¹£һҲУı顣
ӣȴûת˺üͷڴͷߣ
ԹԵϴ
ĸŮںڰһӣĴŮĺģСһ
񽥽طһԵİڶﻳ˺þò£ûΪʲôȻ
ӣŮԼ§§ŵ޽ᷢζ㶼Ҫ˹ȣֱסɲС¶㣬޸ʲôˣ
ܵ͵ص롭޸Լʺϵˡ
ӣ⻰Ǵ⡣
һֱΪŮͣ϶ܻ˵һԼϲˡ
ΪʲôӣһߵͷŮһĦĺס
Ʃ簢ԶǱ濴šֻΪǰϲŮ֪ͶܹôΪͰ꣬ʺϵˡ
ӣסˡ
ģŮ֪ԼϲʲôҲĥԼʺʲôԼôĺ쳾һ
˶٣Ҳ̰ġ
סӣָ֣⣬΢΢ԥһ£ǹӣ֮ġ
һա
ġ˱ʻӣƺϣŮıǼ⣬βС˵Ų̰ĵˣ̰ĵģ
ҲͬЦ§סĲӣŮû˵ʵ˾Ͳϲѽ

ؽӣûмŽİ˵ȥʱܹؾ϶һȥ˵
ȻҲð绤š
һ˵һţܶӴӴǺ¶
ʱϾִûȡܹΪ˵Ĺ󻨶ȥ
Ѿܲˡ
ӣԺ˼һõ֣һ߻عͷӣ͵˵ͷգգ۾
˼ǣİɣأ
ӣŮǳȥˡ

һ˳ȥԾܸоͰ֮ķΧ仯
Ҳ֪ǲһαˮӵϰ˵ġСޡˡ
֮֮䣬񽻴ʱ򣬻ҵ۸мֱҪˡ


599 ײ˱

ĬĬظں棬ž룬Լݡ
˭Ҳû뵽ǣ·ϾȻĸ
ĸȻǵģǸĸһ𣬿ģӦǴӾո
ʱĸӱ紵þͿ˰
һķıĵ
ȻһתۣϳװͶ
ģ
ĸͣһٵת֮첽
ŮҲһʱûˣʱȻˣ˴˻ס֣˵˼ĻðҲѾеĶǮˣƹһһװ˳
񿴼ĸܣȻͻȻҵˡʶġ
ĸǳǳЦЦĿȴģ̧һ۰
ͷβȴֻרעضϣ·סһ㣬ʹվԱߵˣҲܸܵѿһ
˵ʲôʲôҲֻ۳ضſǴһ˿Լûв΢Ц
ĸĿ΢в죬Ȼһ˲
վԱߣǰ⼸˵仯۵ףĵװһЦǰȥȻؾͰѻתˡ
Ȼ˵˼䣬ЩǸεصһʱ˵ĸˣǵûظˣڵأ
˵ִ꣬͵͵߬סָþһ¡
Ȼû׽˼Ǻľ˳ŶĻ˵ˣĽ㣬һӵ˿գǸ棡

ȵѾ̤˻ظȻ־ʹ˴Ķͷ
Դ̧סԼͷ໽У㣡
һƣſĵصϴζ˵ʲô㵹Ǻãһתȫˣ
е£Ƕһҧѻˡ
յõĶߣƽʱĴĶȥˣѵƲôĸ񡭡
һ˵һָָⰲķһζ
ͫ׵һ£Ц⣬΢΢ͷ˵ˡ
һɸֵı飬ƿϣֱҡͷ

ʮ̳͢طơ塷ʣҲ¼
İǶһֱʮ֮ǰûô˿ա
һֱʮ嵱ӹӣǲ˵µĺʱǵȵİԼԺӵʱĸ첲ʹݡ
źŮǶóȥˡ
İڹ΢΢΢죬ӣһһιˡ
ϾԼİǰİûȼף־ͱסӣκĽԴ䣺үûòźЩ
ӣе룬һһĴİĺ󱳣͵úúãȣȽͨĲˮүڿ𣿡
İκЦˣֶŽˡ
ֶЩȣӣְһף߳΢΢ϸժӣˡ
İһ꣬Ǳӣû֡
ӣ˵ȵһȡ
΢΢̾һϴˮ
ȵ˶ϴˣİϵľҲ౻ԡˮѬȥһ롣
ŰɫڴͷĴأӣ
ӣ߹ȥ̧ͷ
İɫ˲٣Լֺؽ°̧˸ǣŵôˣ
ӣһĭεЦЦСǵİײ˱ˣ
İȻ⻰ģӢüͷ΢΢һ壬˼֣͸һ
ãضʲô
ӣ֣ס˫֣ŵүǵô֮ǰҡ˵ǵһ˼ңҪʱ˵
İ˲ȫˣʱֱͦ͸һ⣬սӣ־͵˭˭
ӣһӶ֪ðʲôˡ
룬һʱûڣİżˣ־͵㻹ʲôӣ
ӣһǰλϸף˵Ҳʮ䲻ϣӦүѡ
˶٣ǸúӣҲǴСųģŮҲϲ
İһڵ£һ񽥽ǰ
ܷϡСųġܱϲϡ
ȥѡҲֻôһˡ
ӣϸϸصүҲ֪ģǸúӣƷԴҲأǵҪһȣûġ


600 óԸ

İĬ
Σ̾һĺ󱳣ҡͷү統뵽
ôŮҪȥƫƫ˰
һЩӦܿЩͷ
ӣĲ⣬ټ˵ȥ·Ūɳ׾תػҲǺӵԸƤ˼ڣ˵ҲֻүиָˣźһһǱ㲻ˡ
İ⡰źһһ֣ӣֱ΢΢һ̧𾪵дʮֵĲ죺Ѿ
Ѿزô
Ϲɣ
ӣ§סһİĺ󱳣һ߾͵÷С꣬Ȼһ˵ˣֻǷ顢ֹ񡣡
ģ𼤶
һ˵İһҲ˯ˡ
һ˫ֳϥϣڴ߳˼һվֻһɫ£ػصⲽ
ӣڴߣ̧ͷ֪¶ܴߴ١
İػ˼ˣһתӣڴߣ
ůĵƻ֮£ѩ¸΢΢¡ĸ
İ˹ȥĶϣһܰĻߡ

ڶŵʱİŮгˡ
ꡭվڸǰС
һѾǲŮӣ͵͵ĸ˵ˡ
֪Ҫʲô
İ˻֣Χ̺ūǶȥŶСްһۣ̾һ
һ̧̾ͷŰˡ
ﶼͬ˵ˡ֪㺦ߣҲͲȦˡֻһ䡪㵱ʮϲô
İж͸ڲסʧź
Դǰˡ
İŮǺˣǵǷǾɣ˴ֶضǣһֻ
䣬Ϳֻˢضˡ
ٵø߸ߵġ
Ǳʾʮϲ
İ£뵽׻ǲģֶŮ
ԹԵؾߵ˸׵ߡ
İʾͽмʵɵдֽȦȦ⼸ˣǼŵڡĲѧǱǰҪʤһġ
˵ò롪Ҫĵֻһ㣬⼸굹ȷ簲ſٱ͸ͦεĵġ
İ˶٣Ȱӣ겻˵ãֻ٣¶֡Ͼǰ顭
˵̾һתСԼ̧ͷ۰СŮһһֵϣá

ӣе
ղıгȥʱ֪Ů̯ˡ
ǲûйܾáٱΪʱҪ̵ö࣬Ѿˡ
İҲѾŽȥˡ
ӣӣĸŮһ˲˭û˵Ȼǰ˽ӣĻ

ӣĺ󱳣˵ʲô
Цúܿģ˵롪Ǹҵľ飬һ˳ҵģˣ
ӣһҲûЦ
Ůޱߵ鷢֣صضŮӣβص˵öԣ㰢ʮʮġ
뵽¶ˣŮҲͺܿ첻Լˡ
ӣһ뵽һ㣬ۿȻһ£һͷỬ
ҲûΣֱӾֵԺȥˡ
ǻ֮ÿı޹Ρ
ܶµߣһַӣ
ӣתۿһ񣺡Ҳż㰢ƻѰȥҲһ

µ׵ʱ¶ڶ
ԸóԴϲ
֪Ϣһʱ䣬ÿ·ǱıģһֻСӡ
ʱŶʱĵļͬͬš
İӣʱ򣬿ŮȻ˳ҲЩ𶯡
ڻ֮£ΪġáŮΪġáϸ˵еı׼һ
˻һľһǺܹóԸõԼеСԲγġá

ΪҪӵԭ򣬰ҲͲںߣתصԼҸϡǱҲܹĵĲ
Ǻ֪͡شһ
⡭תҪԼ÷ˣ
NϢļҡͷ̾湻ģôԣҶͿͷˣľȻһûз

Ϊ£ο֮ǰģİҲҺ˳˼ң͢ˡ
һ˳
İ׼ʱһŮ
˫ϲš
ȢϱŮС¶ǺݴҲ׼þá
͸˵ˡ


601 

ĸΪնݣλµ׼ϣҲ˲ʱ;
ӣ͸˵ˡ
ֻҪķΧܸ׼ʲôļױҲܻᾡǱ׼һͬġ
ӣÿճͱūһļױƷϸ顢ȶԣѡ¡
һʱ䣬æױ¾æ¡
Ѯ˵ӣԼˣİҲôæˡ
ΪѾҪˡ
ȵĲ˼ᶯ̥и
Ͷ񶼰ο˵˻һʱ䣬ﲻż˺ӣӣٵһӣʱҲǴ´ġ
ͬʱԼǶǰɹǱߵ˱仯
߹صȻ
ܿ죬ͳϢ尢ĸָ˿֮ӡ
˵ż˵һλն޸
ɹǱŮݵͣ䲻ӡ
ŮΪ˶񣬿ŮΪ޸񣬱ŮΪն޸񡣶ɹǱߵ˼ôôҲλ˶
䵽ʵĸͷϡ
尢ȻһǧһԸ⣬˵ĸĸ϶ϢǰһڣֱεڹﴫּĴ̫ǰ
һȺΧжûѹ
Ҳܣּ⣬˭ָҶ๣

ӣڸϢһȻֻú亹ˡ
һѴŽźĸо
գǺգİ粻ǳһЩŮǵĻ¸˵ʱֵıĺͶˡ
֮ǰ϶ϵĸƽɰģӣҲ̲ס̾˿
ѾˣۿŲ׼ˣֺ͸ҽҲǰҹֵš
£϶ǲܳȥ̽϶Ϻĸˡ
Щȥֻ̽οˡ

϶һľ尢ǰ鷿ﲻ֪˶ˡ
尢ҲɵӣԹ
ʵ϶Ů޳ȥˣ尢翴⼸깬ﶼûиɣټһʱûʮȫʮŮ
۰Ů߶һЩ
˭뵽ôšţͷŮˡ
ĸ˺ܶ죬ʱ򷴶ˣֻһ˫۾׵һ
ǰ鷿Ѱ˶ǽ϶ϸȰ˻ȥȻ͸尢ˣֻ˵ŮȥԶޣԺǧټĸһ¡
밢ǧӣҲչ˺ö
Ů˶£尢͸ѹˡ
ְѹڵϵĸѾʣúӣվǰԲס㡣
ĸͷשϣһһδȴûкޡ
尢翴Ů⸱ģ͸Ƶġ
ԸŮޡ
ĸ˺һǿջЦ̧ͷ겻ѹ֮ݷͬһ㣬ֻôһӡŮȻԶޣȴЩھ˼ҵĸǣݸ󡣡

ȵӰ鷿߳Ѿ˱һꡣ
ĸַŻ԰гȵӣҪɡŮ
ͷ˿ϡ
ĸ΢΢۾Ժֳ︡ȴһ졪Ǹ
ô磬ôרעô顣
Ŀ˿档

³һӣˡ
ʱܴɣİǰȥ˹žͶˡ
ϾǰѾӣ˵飬ӣҲḻˡ
ţû̫ţһָ˰Լȥһ߻ܸѶĽ֡˵Լôһ۷ÿһʹ֮Ŀ϶Ƕ೤ʱ䡣
ЬȥΧŮһ𣬸ѿˡ
ȻΣӣǺʵˡ
Ȼ죬ִߴŮǣͽӵĴصܲ͸硣
ӣˣһߺߺһ߾һȴһȣ
ֵҲ̫˸еķӡðѶӵĴ򿪡
ԣҲܸܵǼﴵķ硣
Ƿȴ˲١
ӣڴϣ侲ضŸҽҽҩ׼ţʱʱĽ
ڴأס˶֡
ﶼ亹Ҳǡ
˿ˮ̳һ
ӣ񣬳ʹ϶ȥ
ҲȰ˵Сû˵Ĺңʺڲ
۾ģݴᣬҲ֪ʱˡ
һһͷĳȥˡ
òװԺӣʹԽԽˡ
ҲЩ̲סˣֶֻѴˡ


602 Ҳ

öԱߣŽֵָӣͰǰ׼õĸɾֽ˹
һ浽ӣӣʱҧסˡ
ޱ޼ʵʹ֮Уֻһͷððȥ
һԺˣ

ĸǱߣҲ˹ˡ
ƫƫⷪ磬İ֪ϢסˣԼӣȥλ̫ҽͻ
ȵⷪһҴҵؾͳ˹
ϵӺſڵʱʱ
İ緭󲽵ؾȥ
ȵӣԺſڣӭײϻϲϲϲūš
İ溢΢ĿԾûзɣ̤ӣһ¾ʣรô
ָ¾͵үĻүģรĸƽ˳ĺܣ
Ϸ̫ûɽӾѾ˳
ٶȣ̫ˡ
һλִС˳
С޲Ÿողϴϻڵˮ޵㵸֫Ⱥܴ󣬵ǿ΢
Сèһһһġ
İЩģȥ΢΢ٲһЩͿСӽ˫ۣüͷ壬ƺһ첻ģ
˳˸ƣͰѵȺһԵ̫ҽ
̫ҽϸˣ˵ӤȷСһЩǻǽģûʲô⣬ֻҪúõűǣүģҪĵġ
İ⻰Է
ֿһеСӡȴ΢΢˶ӹһƵͷ⺢ȻСüĿȴֳ
ƺǰ˺Ը쳾һһ㡣
˺ӣİϽȥӣ
ŮڴԱʰźţİϽֽͷλÿˡ
ҲǸոսģˣһӾվ·һذȫһ㣬˽İĻˣ
ӣڴϣɫãֻʮƣ롣
ˣǿ¶һЦݣү
İԣֽ֣͵Լǣ漴ͷסĶͷ
˶ͷԣ˴һ˲ӣȻ̾Ϣһ¾͵ˣұ㲻ˡ
⻰ֻижİȴһ顣
ۼˡ
뵽һʱҲǴɸڹʱ䣬һʱ鲻
Ҵææϵſڵʱ򣬺ҲѾˡ
Ҳ˵ӣÿһζԼԣԼԴһء
Ȼӵūź
Ҳ̫ҽҽ
ʼǹԮġ
İ뵽͸Ǹεòˡ
ӣʵ̫ˣ۵ƤŲס
ۡĵƻ͸ƤӳţһƬѪ졣
תȥ
İ翴ˣҲûūţѸٵͽĵƻ˴롣
ֻǽһյµơ
һ綹
ʵ̫ˡӣ챾ЦһЦ⻰˵ʹ˿ǻ
İǰԼǱϾŸոꡣ
ûҶֻظסļڱ֮ӣָסͷصˣҲˣ
һ˵һߵͷӣĶͷȴӣ̧סӡ
İϵյߣӣСүӣ
İϽ˳ȥСˡ
һ˶ˡղŻСèһĿȻôˡ
ĸģӣһżֱӾƿϾ֮󻹻˻Ρ
İͬʱ͹ȥסļ򣺡𶯣
ӣۣ˶ֵӣ
İһ۽ָ֣ϽͽСˡ
ģ̫ҽѾˡӺõĺܣ󻹻ԽԽ׳
İӣģһַֻϣͰο
ӣȻڴͷˮͰϴ֣ŲΡΡְѺӽ˹
Сӣͷ⺢һ˲
ȻеĺССŶһ£¿
һؾͿ޵нˣҲһ㡣
İܾϲشչһСӵʱ򣬺Ȼūſͨ˵
ˣء
İһɨ˵ı飬ҴҵؽСٸںãַӣļ򣬿ڴ
СͷߣӣһҲû뿪٣һֻȥĴڶӵϣе£ڣ¡
Աߣ־͸ֱϽ˯һɣ͵ܵܡ
ˣ߸ŵŮлֻСС
ž˰Ѵ̲Ʒŵϡ


603 鲻ܲ

İ繧ϲ֮ĸȥ̽һӣİסˣֻ˵ӣ࣬ҪϢʱ򣬸±ǣȵӺˣȻС磬ȥ밲
İ綼ô˵ˣҲ˵ʲôһʱûѹס¶Щۼ
뵽ûС磬İǻ˻֣˽ȥСˡ
չֻһ۾͵⺢ӳö࿡ģ

һʰ֮󣬸ˡ
Ժһ·ϣۿŸɫȴö˵ʲôЩĿࡣ
ʢรÿһӣ˵Ŀϵһѵ
Ǹ檡ҲͰˣ˸ӣܸҪԼ
ƫƫǸóĲรҪҲҪ

ӣϢžָһЩ
ĸ֮ǰѡģˮ㣬ʱСԱ߲飬öһһչŲรһ߾Ͱ׼õС·˳
Ϊ֮ǰ֪кŮӣɫѡıȽԣڴϣһ߿Ůѣһĸźι̵Ķ
СȻСȴʼպߺģĸ춯ֻ³˲รϢϽҪҪС籧ȥﲸ顣
ӣҡͷҪš
ĸģรͷһЩ
˶İ粻֪ʲôʱһѽӣһĸղȫںϣŷӦûߡ
ĸϽںãС絽һȥ˸ոƹȥİҲʹһƽˡ
ӣոŲһӣͱס˼򣺡úš
ӣˣİֱҡͷЦ̾үֻϢǼ㣬Ҳ̤ʵ
ӣ۾һգգ𣿡
İ˵ͷ뵽ɵӣԴϧصԣǸո󣬻ĺܣؾЩ
һ˵һūѾʳ
ΪҲҲнģЩԪ嵭ƽ͵ʳġ
ӣƽʱͦϲȻμʱҲˣΪǲѪ²ҩģ꺢ӵһʱ֮ǲʳõģʱŶ¶ʱ䣬ʳ²ʳģֻ帺
ν鲻ܲ
뵽ǰ꺢Ӱܵӣɥ˶ˡ
Ϊİһ绹Ҫȥ£ǱȥǰԺ鷿Ҫ鱾¶ù
Ըūţӣڴϣ۾գҲգӢͦĲ
ȵһ߷Ըˣİתͷöߡ
߲һ£İͷĶͷһֻ첲˶ȴ˻
뱧ϵˣұѹĶӡ
ӣˣСү𣿡
İͳдŴԣߣӣ¡
ӣڴϣһֻ߬ӣԼȥһ߾͵үȥ֮ǰӡ
ȻĶѾĲˣδ̶ڵġ

һϣӣΪԼһһ۵ú˯
Ȼ˯ŵȷ˯ˣȴجβϡ
µجεŶ¶
Ȼڶһ磬İǱ߰ŵʹ͸ոձ꣬־͹ˡ
ֽӣȻڴϵģȻȶӶеˡ

ʶİšİʱѾڹˡ
Ҳ֪ţǹȿͷ˵һҪ飬ʽһ˿̬ҲǱϹϾģϰû
ӣǺ㣡㣡
Աֱۣ߰۵Ȧˡ
รͷ󺹣ҲûõȥͷֻܵรǲŸɾ鷳ˣɡūһһЩรһ̣
ӣ˵Ŀ϶˼žӵֻص˼䣬⻰һ
͸ˣ
ɥ㻹һɣ

ڵȵ˶ӣӣ˶ˣڴϡ
ղ۵鶼ˣΪŵƣȺ۽֮УĻ⡣
ӣۣ뵽ǶĽ
˵ӶŮг谮Ǻø
һ߸ŮͺΪͣȥӣӲ㣬Ų֮
⡰ÿһ̥⸱Ӳġ
ӣĳһ
Ȼ˷㣬ʲôԣʲôԲȥ
ҲãҲǲˡ

İʱصػһ
ӣڵļ£кһʱûԺӣ֪԰еƷ֣Ǵӹġ


604 

Ҳܺ硪ɫƽķɫҪһЩȻȴס
ɫˣȴס
ҲƽʱҪСһЩܣһһĽģҲܳĩ˴㡣
ӣһζ뵽Խ֮ǰһϲõһˮˮ
ִˮʻݵζ
ͺ¡
İ翴ϲöȥҸڴƿҲû޼ĻֱӼЩˮѻ˽ȥ
˵˼лӣȻİ˵⻨ǹġ
͹
˵⻰ʱüȫչɫҲһᡣ
ӣ뵽ʷϵӺĸֵǸ֣ٿǰİ飬סİ֡
ôٵڣһжġ
ζԶƳЩ򶨵Ч
ӣϲƾʾöҪѻƿ̫Զ
ֱöһչȻѻƿ棬ڴͷˡ
İҲûϵôϲֱˡ
֪ˣһݷ硣
˵˵ţİ绰תˣ
˵һС˯ˣƵؿţİ˰Ѻӱϵ壬ڶǰ˺һ
㿴˭İ۶Ǵȸ֮飬һŻеĶӣЦž͵
ӣҲЦˣϸϸض˺ӺһŹҡҡͷͻ̫С
İʱЦˣǰͺͺʱ򣬿ûô˵
˶٣һЩϵЦݣɫ֣صؿ˿ڣ˵⺢硣
˵꣬ӣͿɫԵáƺǺȡ֡

ӣǵʷϵĺ磬ǺͺģĸӺǱۡʱڵĺԺϡ
ʱաĶֻʲôܷģ
İ˵ˣӣͷһ˼ģΪǾʲôס
ļ򣬾ϸϸһһֽһ£˵ְȻȥ͵ġ͡ȴʺӡ
ϣȹ̹һ
ӣţͱԢˡ
ǰΪ˸ĸá
˺üӵĸףʶȻôҪ躢ѡɣҪغӵľ
ĸ׵ϣĻǺܹƽ˳عһ
ЩغѡԼ·ľĸĸʵҲöԺİסΪĸܵ֡
ٲָ溢ӵ
뵽ӣȻˡ
ͺɡ
ǵʷϣٺ棬ĺӸˡ
к磬ֽܱиǿ
ӣô˼һͨȻ;Լǰѱһ¡
һͷͿһСճյԼ
еģûȫſɾˡ
ӣס˶ӵС֡
Сֻһָͷ㹻ˡ
Ȼû飬İ;Сӵôˣ˵ȵʱ򣬵ݵǰȥ
һͬˣ־ô

ӣĸӺһİ罥ľ;öЩˡ
ӣгԵ𣿡
ˣİʶԼ⻰ʵĹЩʱˡӣӵˣȻСĲʳҲ嵭·ġ
˭֪ӣһź磬һЦӯӯ̧ͷۣרŸء
Ц۾һİ翴۾ɵҲЦˡ
Ժ£һյյСҲʼæˡ
һ۾ͱ˽ˡ
ۣ϶ҪڱͰﶳһġ
źóԡ
ʿ֪۲Ϊร׼ģøүһ벻ôģװ̣ö͹ȥ
۸ոձ˽ζƮһӡ
Ϊһʿӣܲ˵ľζ
ˮһð
֪Ӳж嵭
Ҳ֪İǲǹģȻūǰ̷ڴԵСϣȻڣ˹һ߳ţһ߻Цеӣ޲ڣǰСΣǸ˼꣬Щ벻ˡ
үȥ԰ɣӣҧЦţȥİ硣


ֵȥ֮󣬺ܿͱˡ
ӺλС־ôˡ
ǰеĻǵĸкӡ
Ҳİ硣
ԲСԸ㣬ܡ
רſСġ
ȻһͶ죬Ǳġ
ֱһߡ
תۼ䵽֮ǰҲȥԭͰ͵ĺɫԽԽۡ


605 ƽ

װ۵ĺ磬Ÿһѩˡ
ϲĲˡ
ӣʱſž̲סϴûϴֿɲܱܵܣ
źȥϴָ֣ҪעϸᴫȾܵܣΪܵͻ٣ַ
Ҳϸʲٴˣе˼ģǺľͰֺúϴˡ
һֱĺ̫ľչ֮£һȥǵ˹֮ǰȻһһ콡
Ǿһ£⺢ƺһֹ˭ȥȻΌܣҲ¶ôĵЦݡ
ͺ͡񡢺СʱĿɰͲһ
ӣʱ򶼵ǲѴഩˣʲôһ˼úõġ
⺢ӾЦüһɳ
ˣӣҲϰˡ
ǰ尢ĸڼȥɹţƺƴҲһʢϲ¡
˭û뵽ǡȻŹ˶̶£ողŵ˿ʮĳɹǱ߻Ϣʹˡ
ĸ޹ȥû£Ҳ֪ǲˮʳϵԭ򣬵һ
ҲǶصĲΪĸէ̫עĿҲûҽΣϵ󣬾ȻСϳ˴󲡡
һ
ɹǱߣȴԼ谮Ůӣλ»ȴҲʮֵĺ⡣
ֻǰڴŮӣҽҽΡ
Ҳ޼¡
尢ţȻ絶ʣûüʾɹŵجȴĸˡ
ŵ˾û죬϶Ͼ͸Ųˡ
ҲôһŮĸԶޣ˵Ѿǵһεĳش
Ůֱûˣ϶˶̱ڴˡ
帣ҲѹĸСųģȻ˼ЩȻʧΪһзִĺӡ
һŮǰ»Ĵ¼ǰͷأȻ˾ûˡ
϶ϲ跹һѰ帣Ȱ˵Ӳȥ
ǹ϶Ѿʧȥ
һˣô֣ûа취ӵġ
ʮĴĺร϶
϶˴֮һοһι϶ѲรΪŮ˹ȣ׷Ůȥ
˵ԭ򣬾͸겻ˡ
Ҳѹ뵽ĸԼСʶ֣Űꡢĸһ𣬴˱ɥѣȥˡ
Ӷϡ
һ·ϣۿ·ߵ·һƬذס
֪ôģȻ뵽ʱĸ񿴰뿴ֲҿɬ
ʹĸ޲Լ꣬ھѰһŵԵ˼ҼˣûкЩˡ
뵽΢΢һ
ѾǰһƬ뵽ĸ񣬱㰧ʹ֣İʱһֱ˵ԼŮ
ӺŸο帣ᱻ˷
ӣվ󣬾Ϳ帣ˣƤҲ׵÷Ȼ֪˶ٴΣ·鸡
ġ

ĸһ̾һ߷ȥľֻѡڰ˳䡱ĸֹߡ
ڰ˳䣬ôأ
帣޵ֺıͷﲻ֪Ϊʲôӹһ˿ġʲôɿ޵ģ
ɽ顢Ӹ
Ѿ˵ˣҪ⸱ģʲôأ

帣ؿڣһҡͷһ߾ͼʹؾ˵ϡ϶ϵҲǰŽŵġ
˵ʱŵոร֣Ǵұ˴˶ͲŮӡ
һ·ǻ࿴ţ۵곤ġ
ԿʱҲǼĳŮԱչ˰ˡ
ʱλร尢粻ϲ帣ᷴȰ˵尢硣
ߵūųʱȰ˵ո÷ųֶ
ôˣรǰ㿴ġ
ʲôأ
ǰߵʱûзӻס
Ψһʣµ˶϶ˡ
תۼ䣬٣˷ǣߵҲһһʧ
һĳָԵ˵ζܡ

ɥ£򵥣йﱼɥ
ü춼ֺġ
İںӣĸȻȥ
ȵźǻصԺһߺź磬һ뵽£ӣ˲١
İںĿʹ㲲尢硣
ŮĻ£жٻЩƽ۰СŮӦѡһλŮ
ǾĸһԱȣİȴҲ
ϣܹƽȵҸӦϧ


606 ɰ

ں˺ü¯ֽǮͰᦣصӺټӣԺһƬʢİ綼е㲻ϰˡ
ӣͨźͳӭ
İ翴ֱŶӣţְѺӽӹˡ
ȶ˺һ磬ƫƫ÷ֱѻСӶÿ
ӣϽǰȥ͵ɡ
ĴŶӵĺ󱳣˺һᣬŽֹס
⺢ӣһ޾ܿ޺óʱ䡪˭ܿޣʱӣ¡
ȵ类ﱧι̣Яֽİڴ£ͿԺǴⰻȻ
໨ľǰٻʢʱڣʻķҷƮɢڷ
˼ůĺʱڡ
İ΢΢ۣ뵽һƬҲݣɵؾֽӣԼǰ
סӣסȴʲôû˵
ӣڴվţţһֻ־ĸİĺ󱳡
ŵʱİ˵ϧĸҲǵ尢顪ĸŵ·ޡ
罫ĸӡ˶ֱ̧ˡ˶
ȻǹĹȫŮһˡ
ֶ;͸˵ˡ
İ羲˵꣬ƻͶϣü´һƬӰ
Ĭˡ
ӣְסֱġ
Ȼ˭û˵ʱΪ˸ĸͨ
ĸ棬ٷأ

õıȽأһǼа˼ʾأӣҲİ⼸նںԵի⣬ϰ߲ˡ
ȵ˶ϴˣİ绻һҳѣѵõӣȥ԰һȦ
ȵ֮ϵ仹Ժ㡣
Ϊĸ¶ӣ˼άɢȥ뵽˶
ȵ˯µʱ̲סòİ磺ҵĻ¡ԼǲԸ⣿
İ΢΢˽ֱۣԼһ£ŵǺ˵ƾ
ӣ΢΢ͷİ˵ʱȫûа취ȡ
ĮˣҲǵġ
ӣ֪ŻΪร顣
Ȼʼղ׼ȷ֪Σǹ⿴Щ꣬İԺSͶ̬ȡܲµ飬һİĽᡣ
ǸĽᡣ
£ٶ˵ʲôԶˡ
ӣ̾һİӣڱ֡
˼ְο˼ֱү˯ɡ

ĴתۼţۿѾ˶֮
һʱ䣬Ѿӯݵ⡣
һҶ˵ۿŮ˵˺һĻǳˡ
ӣѶеһȥֻ˵ԼȥԺɢɢȥƺ硣
طڶϣҲԡ
ĸŮһ㣬ԺתһᣬӣͰѻ⳶ϡ
Ȼ˵ǻ£û죬ҲûôŤֻĴ۽ޣӣۼ޸˭һġ
˶٣̧ۿһӣƲԶ
ŵܵܺ磬վ
ȻѵõЦҲŴЦ
Ц⿪ĵɫʮָӡãҲĽ
ջ۹⣬ǰеԼӣ̧֣סӣԼϵ֡
ۼ޸ʲô˼ңǰĿÿԣҲܡ
˶٣Ĺһ˲һ£Ϊ˺SҲ˿˰˼
ӣ˵ˡ
ʵҲû뵽һ㣬û뵽ôֱ׵ؾ˵˳
ֱһ̹εľ
ĶȻһ˲ѡ֪ģģ뷨ӣ±ǽȸһۣҲǺõģϾҪһӵˡ
ӣһ˲Ȼ˽ĻۺỨرס

϶ϱϾֻǲรĸ齥ȥ֮󣬹϶Ϊ
һĸŮ£ؾƽյ̸ﵭȥˡ
ƽ߶֮䣬ӣȴʼûǶԶĳŵ
ǰӺԺѵ㡢ۻƵζ
ӣһȥСְӡ
Ŵ׵ճԴճȥһͲͣϴ֡
ö嶾ɰ
Ыӡܡߵ嶾ͼѬϣװҶۻƵаǶҺɰĴͳ
ӣҲ͸˶һֻ嶾ɰȥٺúơ
һӣĿ⣬漴ᡣ


607 ˫ϲ

صԼԺ򷢿ΧūţСľͰѺɰչˡ
ɰ󣬿Сֽĺܣųһˡ
ܿóǺܲײȥġ
ֻһͨͨĶҪǻˡ
Ϊ֪ʲôЩչˡ
ֽţ΢ԥһᣬϵˮյһ㽫ֽŸٿˡ
ֽϵˣ乭ģ
Ȼֻǲ棬ҲܿüĿӢ
˺һᡣ
½ֽһԼУƺͣһ˲䣬ĽֽŴս˵ƻԱߡ
ۿŵƻ棬һһֽŵıԵĳһ

СĻͬʱˡ
һֱԼ˵ϲ£Ǵϲ¡΢οá
ӣڿŮϲʱûסᡣ
ǺܿġϾ޵Լϲˡ
ʱܴﵽһ㣬Ѿʮˣһˡ
ͭԼױݣͨӾͿվĶһֱڵͷĨᡣ
Ա˶Ȱš
Ҳܲסˣۿ˲ͺˣỨֱۿת
ԱߵָϽȰ˵ǴϲӣοϵױҲܻǧˡ
ӣò׿סԼȥŮСĸѽëϹŵˡ
ŮʱԼԼ;úСʱ򡪡ÿˣﱧʱ⸱顣
˳ŶԼᣬֻǹԹԵĴ۽ޡ
ĸŮ˶ܶӡһӣҪðˡ
绹СĸԱߣһϲɫͨĴ磬ֻʮʡ
ˡ
ΪŮӣ֮ǰѾİ˵ˡ˸ȥźŮ⣬ҪҲһȥչ
İȻвʡ
ڵ˲ʱӵţ͵ȥĸԺˡ
ȵԺſҲѾԼһԺˡ
ĸǵնС綼ùİͷָĸͷ
Ů񲿳аҲ٣İɻ鼪ЩͲ˵ˡ
ΪλƸڳ˼ң֪ո컧֧죬ĻҪ౨ǰͨ˲ſС
ΪİİСŮ޵ױƵƷּһۡ
鱦޹ⶫ顢Ȧѹޡ׹ЩѾʤ
ķΡƷƷͨˡ
ʱ޵Ů׼ױĹ֮ǰӣæС꣬׼Щ
硢ʻϻᰫܡñЩСҪһһѡ
˰֮⣬İɢʮƥֻ
ӣտʼ˵滹յʱ򣬳һ
Ҫʲô֮ǰ޴ʱҲûѽ
İһεЦݿԼӣʲôųء
Ͼױƶ嵥ԽǵƷԽ࣬ԽΪŮ硣
ͬʱҲҶҸףԸ
ױƶٻҪһЩϾֻǸŸסԺİȴûаոڸ֮¡
ˣԲɣѾˡ
˸ƽʱصױ磬ӣʲôǽǴϲӣ֣صװ
ױһŨӣźȻҲˣü۽ǵƶ׹š
ҲɱԳƣ̬
ΪֻԼ˺üӣŻһЩǿŸŷ֡µûκ˿Եֵġ

Ӻ棬λүѾڵˡ
ŮͬޣӯţһվţһЩŵ˳°ڡ
뵽һܰİĹȢؼңûסߵЦ⡣
ĳģȻݿü۾£ȴ˿Ϊһȱţſһվ˭˶Ųȥ
ſȥһ·֮ϣ֮ӯ죬ӣŮٶЩʲôʱҲӵˡ
ȵٳ֮ǰһͷӣߵķ
۾ģ֪ҸĹâˮ
Χֻ߶ʱѵǧҪĥ䡣
Ȼλ¼ȥˡ
ۿŮıӰԶȥӣһӳûסöϣƴס졣
Ϳ޳˹
İĸվǰһЩλãİͷӣ΢΢ָ߬
ĸĶһġ
İȦҲˡ
ܿס˱顣
ӭ׵ĶƺƵڳ
ʮױ졣


608 Ͷ

ҹĻ١
ڻ鷿֮УĶתͷСùãҿʡ
͹ȥûСѾͷͣԼһȵĹԲһߵݸһ߹еַϣһЩմմ촽ͺãɱѿ֬
˵ѿ֬ȻˣŪױݡ
˵ˣѾཹཱུİѰ뱭趼ˡ
ˣֲ̧˲ųȻһЦ͵ùã˵ˡ
εҡҡͷ

ڵȵʱѾͦˡ
Ϊɹ٣ȻоҺúȵĲࡣ
ҲأѾ΢΢Щκˡ
ȵū»޺ȽƵһϵʽɣ˳ȥ鷿ֻʣһСޡ
ͷڴߣȴŶ
ˣԼߡ
ԴĿһһƣɨɹٵϲֱͦſ˫ϡ
ҲڿüǶĻȡ
֣һݽԼģָָ⡣
ʮָۣĽӡ
ۣϻ¶һĨĵЦȴЩִٲ硣
ЦˣҲҡͷЦˡ
־⣬ҲƽʱһЩǰԼİĹһʱ䣬̧ԴսһЩֵصҪĿˡ
⻰һ˵ˢһ¾ͱˡ
ƫƫû㣬΢΢ȥҪ㺦ߵģ
Цӯӯָָ΢΢һ㽫ȦԼĻ
񶼲Ҷˣոһת촽Ͳ˰Ķ䡣
ϵľ⻹ûɢȥ
ְԴԼﰴ˰Ůһ촽ϡ
ҲΪڽţ΢΢Щ
ȻȻս˹ȥ
죬΢΢ۡ

ת۵˰ڣˬƮ㡣
ӺӣߺȻֻʣһССĺ硣
˺ͻСİոհŮ޳ȥڿźͺͺSˡ
ֱ͸Ƶġ
ۼҹɫˮöſڣ̲סʹ˸Ƿ
ǷϽԼһ¡
ӺүŸոϴˣЪ¡
ǰչȥĹүȻ˵Ļû׼һҪԸҹʲôġ
ǲ˯ġ
ҲˣԴԺöͱĴŮЩΣȥڵʱһҲõ
Ժū·ŵģӵĺΡ
İ§ӣ˵ŻҲǵ͵͵ġ
İһӣĺ󱳣һ߾˵Ҫεӡ
˵˵ȥ޷Ǿظһ˼ȢȢͣƷҪ
òɿأҲҲҪƯġ
ͺϲʲôˣԼԺɾˡ
ӣţ;ò۵̫֪࣬Ӻ
ү˵²ӵİָˡ
ӣ
ðɣҲΪִ˴ԽȫϿ߼òѵһͻ
߼ͺñȡ˧һỨġһ֡
˵ˣΪ裬ȻϣһԼϲӡ
ˣͺĵĹӡ
Ļպ͵ӣȢ˸ԼϲŮˣİ˵Ļ
ʱôչͺԤˡ

ôţסİشյߣүҲʺӵ
˵ʱӣϢİߡ
ȻѾϷˣӣˣİ绹Щмܲס
Ŀһ˲
öſڵģؾĶ
һӾͰֱͦˡ
öĿһʾԶŮŶԸȥ׼ϴˮɣһҪأ

ʵϣȻİ˵ҪӰѻ¶ϲﱲȢ֮£ǲȫֻİ
һ㣬İҲƵˡ
ʮѡ鶭ϣŮϡ
ϵ˿ڲ࣬ġСաȴСΪ£ǴԺ޴࿹⡣
ϯˣܹܴհ֮ͳ֮ӣʱպգ¶ͷǣƽ֮ҡ
һ·ϣʷ顢顢飬꣬ܶ
˵ǴʱֿȵһҲ֡
İӣһ˵ӣһʶĵһӦǡⶭӦˡ
İ磬Ȼ鶭ϣǴҿйϵġˬ٣񡱣ϣҽĺãļŮ浾Ҳӡ


609 ʶ

Ѿˣ˱ڴ£һΧ¯裬һ˵Щġ
͵ıһڲˮǺˣӣ
İ״ΪǶˣ˻裬һֻӣϣҪᣬϧӡ
ӣ˼ǹڶϣҡҡͷͰסİ̧֣ͷЦЦû¡
İҲЦˣͷһǡ
ȵ˵˶ϵ飬İǰ鷿滹ûæ꣬ȥˡ
ӣŶһֱİ磬ֱ̨¡
վ̨ϣʢС̫Źƣһ·İȥǰ鷿·

û죬͹밲þᵽ˶ϵ顣
˵ʱӣں㱻Ǻ
ȻӺŮǲһ֮ǰ˵Ļ£񶼺ܺߣǷۺͣ󷽷̹̹
ӣİʥּĵһʱ䣬Ӧþ͸ˡ
ӣеĲһͲûж׮ʲô̫Ȥ˵ǼȻǻ귨µĻ£귨۹ǲġ
жɷ򣬱ĿҲؾںԺ֮С
ӣһʱȻ

͵Ļ¼ȻˣSΪӣһͷ͸ˡ
Żûк͵ĺá
Ҳ

ڶʱ£мꡣ
֪ǲΪӴСѾ鷿Ǳ߶ԭ򣬲ԼϦദӣ뵽Ȣ׷ָȥҲû̫᲻õ
ӣΪտʱĹԡЩСǣʮ͸ó׽ˡ
İͿȻżһֱʮ߰˵˼

帣òײһһָ
Ϊ֮ǰ϶Ϻ϶ӣߵıȽϽԵʣ帣Ҳʼϲӣ
ȻǵոÿһǴĸţ˵˵รȥˡ
ˣĸҲͿˡ
ӣҲͦϲ帣͡帣ˣȻųûһЩȷʵǸˣֶԼ±׼رߵġ
Ϊ帣ĵͻСӣȻ˺üӣߵ޺ͻС
帣ҲҲĲĻ⡣
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ӣʼûףȵӦ̡˼ֻ֮омĳꤶԼѹ˹ȥ
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кͣûСá帣
ӣתһ룺ҲǣŶе˵Щ¶ɲͺͳԷˮһѰô
帣ž˵źNǼŮԴײϣͨѾͷ㲻ϵСŮҲŻ˼
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ӣɴ帣ǰ˵һ飬İһһ߾͵˵ͷNǺӣԭǺǺͲģʱˡ
ֳϥϣڵƻ룬̧ͷӣ͵ѰᣬԺ˵һ
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ڶ磬³һĺ춹֣ۿбϼ죬ŴöԺǰԺ紦ȥ
ʱʱҲô鷿ˡ
Ȼոյǰ棬ϺͺͺSź
˶Ҳͦˣ˵ǰѧϰࡣ
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ʳסǽˣӣҲѾϰˣʱĺףԸԺЩȥΡ
Ȼʾ;͸Լˡ
ǰ鷿ҲСȵģطƧ壬߶ūź١
ӣ˼ЩѿڣǻǿһһԼľź;ͺǵصҲˣﶨĻ£۳ܻһʱ䣬Ҫ


610 ¼

һ˵һ߾̲סоԼʮ
Ϊʲôĺ«׵ģȴ˵˵飡
ۿŶﻹҪѵļ˵ȴѾȻˡ
΢΢һ̧°ͱҲá
ĸ˶һ˲ӣЩסˣܾöôʼԼﻹǸޡ
Ŀˣ
ƺ͵ļ米ʾӻȥ֮󣬱׼ԼתҲȥģû뵽ͷݲȾˣγԣ
ӣðİˣǺһ£þᵽ˺N顣

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ӣһְСͷС޻ë׵СԴ
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תۼ䵽˿ʮף½׼ӡ鷿УӻҲûô˼ˡ
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SǰţͷͿͽüͷѺN鷿˳
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طһѰׯ԰ֲ
NźϵĲ֮ɫ΢΢һЦͽקߣ
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˶٣ս˺ͣζص˵ˣ㲻˵Ҳ˵˭֪ضˣ
һ˵ţһƤЦľһָ˻ȥ

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Ȼûм˵Ǻȴ˼ġ帣ĵӣеעǸСϡ
NԸʷȻģѾ׵׵ıԵˡ
ΪԼԺ·ôߣͳĬ˰Σ̧ͷʺN


611 ظ

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Ҳ㣬ÿһ˵滮ļáNۣҴһ̴Ҳϲˡ
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˶٣Ŀ㯵ų⡣
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Nһĭһصһգֻңұ֪ԼڰУȻһöˡұһд־Ȼϣֺʧ
־ֵʱüͷľһ£̧źN

ӺΪӭӼ꣬ɨһ£
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ӣǰһϢһ϶û˯ţҹ׼ŮȥĶ
һһ䣬ȫԱߣߵʱūǰ
⻹꣬ҹָ˼ѪƵģСϲС㡣
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ȵʱѾȰˡ
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Ϊˣ˯ú㣬Ȼμ˴Խ֮ǰĸĸ
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͹үһǰԺĸͷϼ棬Ѽ䣬Ҫˡ
ӣһ˯ȫޣʹӴһżȻЬҶˡ
Ժſڣڴ˺һȻ԰ﴫ˶
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ӣȥͿԶһϤӰԼ
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ӵһ˵ĸԵĹԡ

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ĸŵϣٳԲľͲܳˡӣϸϸض񣬻ǸŮСʱһ
˵ͷԱߣЦž͵รģūżء
ӣһſտӣŸղһ˻һõӣЩꡣ
һ겻ת
ʱİǰ鷿æöЩˣ뿴ûҹ
ӣ˰ѸĸʣµĶˡ
İЦҡͷֱ̾͵ʣµİɣ
ӣԴһӸһСһ߾Լļͷҿ۲ˣҪҲˡ
ΪŮСæһҹ
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İô˵˼ҲҪӣˡ
ӣľתͷһԱ߱ĸŵĺ硣
ʱ򣬻ܴܵһЩԼ廨С⣬ʱء
ѲҾѲҰɡӣ룺ŮѾ޳ȥˣͺͺҲˡ
һ˳ȥҪչˣҲֻչ˺һˡ


612 ʮ

һ̧ͷЦԼֻС߹ˡ
ӣΪҪ˵Լ˭֪İһ֣ͱס˸׵ϥǡ
İкЦ۰һ֣ͰСĶӸˡ
ϾһЩ粻Сʱô׿޵ֱȺһЩĸʱ㰲ڰ껳ཱུСֻץİϵһ壬ȥĲֺ
İһ˵һ߾΢΢֣ĴŶӵĺġ
ȵҹˣѾſͷ˯ˣİҲûﶯ֣ԼֱСӾͰͻ˴ϡ

ǰԺ鷿ɫڣСǶѾϢˡ
˯ԼŲżһĿ˸׻û˯š
ǰûкʱǸСкӡΪһ㣬껹Ǻ۰Լġ
ܵܣʱԼĴˡ
ע׵ϣڸ͵ܵм䣬͸ô㣬ԽԽûڸˡ
̾һ˸ǿѰǲڵ˯⡣

ؽӺǰ߶ĳﲻ֮߶Ҳ⡣
ӣǸôӦӣʱ򣬶Ӧ˼֡
ԺʱǶĸмӣ˵ոӡ
ۿѾ˿ʮβϦ֮ҹڶӹһ·̻꣬·
ȵص˸ʱѾǴҹˡ
ΪҪӣһΪ¡أжνⷢ㻨˰칤
˵Ҫϴԡˡ
ȵһжʰ׵֮Ҳû೤ʱˡ
ڹϣһֱſĻ˯Ϊ˯ˣʱСһľ񷴶õĺܣ˶Ͳ֣
ӣСӣڻһ֮Ĳˡ
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簢ۿŶﻬˣƴֱ˲ร
ĸԱߣҲ֪ô졣
öæȥСн˻

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ׯӵĲ˵ҲһƥȪˮŵĲ磬ʱóϲˡ
ѵˡׯӸӺ˹
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ӣԼһЩֳַ٣˸񡢶︮϶ȥ
ĵûʲôֵʱȥˡֻ˵İ˼
֪İһӳθãӣԸС˵ʱҲ嵭ΪģͼըĿġ
ԽԽá
ȪˮĲ絽ײһʴ࣬һ˿˿ĿڸУڼʲô϶ãҲһȻĺζ
İһζ
ӣԱߣ־͸İʢ˰ࣺүһࡣ
İࡪ׺ˮʲôûУΪϡˬҪ
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ӣڵ£һֻ°ͣİ翴
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İסļҡҡβŵ԰ׯǸõطȵ꿪ˣүȥ԰ׯסһӣδر㲻Բ԰˼
˵˵ţһڡ
ӣתͷ۾εسգգ۾ǻȥȺء
İЦЦȴ뵽ʲôƵġ

Դ̫ӵڶα֮󣬰˰һ겻Щ粻ǰǰ緢
Ⱥ֮СѾּӰͬС
˰ȻҲ⡣
֮ǰ԰ѾһƬⰻȻ
ӣöŹŮʰѡΪ仯ԭرԸ⴩ɫŨصѡ
Խ嵭Խá
һŹʰִһЩƷ桢ˮʲôģ˵ǸรȥȺ·ʹá
ֺˡ
ΪݲԽԽ˵ҲСģǻáǴǰǸӡ
ӣַÿöʰ˼ѡ
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Ŀ͹ϣŷǴʵѾˣʽҲѾʱˡǴȥ𣬶ôߵˡ


613 Ů

ӣ룬öѼ͹ˡ
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Ȼ뵽ʱ򡪡ʱҲഺ٣۲⣬˵ǲģ
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æһ죬ʰװȻԼΪҲÿָţӣʱЩˡ
Ͷ˳ϡӻһһµš
ʱ䵹ΣѾ˯ĵ㣻ţ̫硣
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614 ԸȢ

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˵İס˿ڣֻǼҡҡͷ۹ζ֮⡣
ȻҢȴǲԸȢŮġ
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ȺӵشɹŸԭĽӴоѵȻƣȺɵϽڴˡ׿ͼ˺Ͳ콨ľΧԿž޴
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ӣоˮ黹һʣūһżСĲ˿ɴֱ˱ǿ
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ȵӣһ˵˲ܴŵʱ򣬺΢΢Դ۾¶˼顣
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һۣͿܵë׵СԴԼǰ
磬ʹֻСֽſڴرߣźзĵطһĴ
ĸһϸĺź磬һߡ
ԥһ£֣ܵܵСԴ


615 

ʱİǹŶӵĲ飬ӣˡ
ӣոհȰظιҩ˵үˣһֶҩ룬һתȥİѹ˯ˡ
İҲ˽Ų˿ǻһ˿ҩ֭ӣ˿ϸϸĸá
İͷҩӹͷҩ֭ϢԵĽζһžųˡ
ƷԴڲԭÿȺɽׯ֮УߵƷܼ衣
Ϊ
һС˵ġǷȵֺ죬Ľ
İ֣һºĶͷܵ¶һŷ
ڴߣӣ˵ȴղôһŪˡ
΢΢ۣİ͵ꡣ
ҲƵġ
İһƬŨŨĴȸ֮飬ڴؾ͵
ĽСִӱ̽קס˰ӣץԼ·һ֣ͻƵġ
İЩ
ӣϴСۣ϶м䡭
΢΢ļͷһθ֤꿴㣬ú˯
˵أöſڽˣѹɤ֮һֹģ
İתͷˣʲô£
öϽ˵ˡǲรһֱûţСǱߵ˺ü飬һֱš
еĲˣˣȾûˡ
İ˾΢΢ü³˶ӡ
ѹɤӣ㻹ûţ
ʱѾˡ
һɣӣе顣
ָҴҴӽǣ̧ͷİϸҲö
İ֪һչ˶ӣţεҡҡͷȥӣǣס֣
ȵ˶Աߵʱĵƻ𽥽ͨ͸
ɽׯȺɽ㣬ȪɽϿдУ԰ַߵҲµŵ·ߡ
ͬϽǵĽ̻ԻͣɽׯשߣټԱ޽£ĺĳӣ֮ס
Ųӣù˵СģҲбɽׯ֮УΪ׼ŷĲȡ
ѲңҰζζ
ȺӵĲϵǱϵ͹͢ϵĽڣζأｲʮʮ롱ɫζȫǳԲ£ʼҵҲҪڳġ
ӣǰľп¹⡢˹
ʳ棬⻹˿״ȣҧر;΢׽һ¾͸һ㡣
ⲻɻȱһ˾ˡȺߵɫɽׯ֮УߵĶٲˡ
Ҳһ̿ζһĩ
ܿθ
İһţһ߾˵Ⱥûй֮ǰʵʮϡٵġ
ԭǸ֮ءľAͱɽׯĽʵÿҪɽׯסһУӻ⣬Ҳд󳼼ԱС
ǿסʱԽԽãסСꡣ
Ļ󳼡ҪԱ嶼̡
ôһߣڰϽһȨл˹
Գ𡢹䡢¥ȫŽˡ
ӦһϵĵƼ̯һ࣬ͻϰչƤ֡н֡нֵȵȡ
ǵǵһʱôİһߵͷһȣ̧ͷӣ
ӣ֪˵ʲôͷ͵үҺͺȥɽмʱѾˡ
İͷڻҪ֡
˶٣¿Ӿҵƻǰط
ӣ֪ɽ¾캣֮ҹݵ˼ǺҲˣЩȻ
İס֣Ⱥָˣүһ˿ȥתת
ӣҪͷʢſڻһ£ƺл˵ֲôš
İҲƼˣͷʢ֡
ʢ͹ˡ
İߣС˵˼仰ټ٣ӣͿİɫȻͱˡ
ӣɵҲ˿ӡ
İ̧ͷӣһĵģЦЦûʲô¡
վӣūŹźŶ˲ˮڡ
ûҲˡ
ȥӣİղŻ۳
ǿ϶ˡ
İһתſӣѾչˣһ׼Լϵģ
Ϭˡ
ߵʱӣ͵Ժſڣİɫ֮»תգŵһΡǵ͸
ӣͷ֪үġ


616 Ļ֮

ȵİˣӣҲԱˣūǰѲȫȥȥ˿ӡ
һ˯ˣССĺӣŶӿһͿ˸С¶˳¶ڱ档
ǰȥĬĬĸ°ѱӸǺˡ

ڶӣ֪ô¡
ԭǰֵ˰ĸȥļա
˰絥ǰ죬뿪Ⱥӣδȥ밲
ǵÿŭԴ̫ӵһ֮֮󣬿ЩĶǶ˾֮ġ
ҪȻҲһȺ֮УȴҪлӶ
ڿţʧΪֱǰػģĿա
;ð˰ˡԡԾ͸ˡ
˰Ҳ֪Լ˾ٲףǴҴҵĸϻ
ҴҸϻأΪֺûʰ꣬˰绹ֻϺõĺ࣬ӱޣȥ͸ʰꡣ
ֽìһڶӥںͼֵȵءСɼߣеҪ֣Ϯ졢ãʮ͡
ңӣİ˵廹ˣͼڣСӥ֮񡱵ĳƺ
򵥵˵ˣͺ֮ںһ
Ҳֻݣ׸֮
˵ǣֻ͵ǰҿĻʱѾһϢۿžҪˡ
ŭɶΪǰ˰ԼֻӥڷԼѸߣ꣬Ǹλϻʵˡ
õˤ˺ӣѰ˰˸ѪͷνطTϵ߿ĸաҳӽɵռ飬ν޶࣬䣡
һţһֲ̧ΡΡסؿڡ
һǻʱʹȥ
û͵ڶ죬ѾټǺӵǰԼҪͰ˰Ͼϵ
˰·ϣϢֱ
ǷǳȣֻΪ׸ӣһ·Ҳר˾չ˷̡
οֻҲӹƷ
Ȼ׸ʵ۵Ʊؾѡѵӥ
оиܡпᡱĹ̡ӥ
ͨһضӵѣѡǿĺࡣ
ԣܹͦȥĺ࣬ͻ֮ĸʼС
ôпĹ̶ȥˣһ·ôô
ο·ϳʲô״౻
Ҳһ׸֮ǰͻᷢ֡
˵һ˰ֽš
˰Ҫҧˡ
֮·˲̣õʰκͿأҪµŬáꡱΪλʱ
ȥΣȴֻҪһĹ򡪡ֱ̫飬Ķգϻʵе
ܹ˻ɵģ¼ı

̫ˣֱˣˡ
˰ҧ֪Լһǳ׵ûзˡλͨϵĳˣԺදֽš
ⶼһһϦļ򵥲á
ӦǱĵãѡǡʱһ
ʮ괺ڱɽׯͰ˻طTֹۣӦߴ費ͣ˼ٺٺסִ˵ס
ǳ׸˰Ͼӹϵˡ
˰缸һҹͷļ٣һ·ӱޣò׸ϵ˱ɽׯű⣬ύѪ
ǿѹûֱ˰ŵҰ˴

ϣİӣΪѾ˹ţӣ׼Ҳгֵʱ䡣
ĲѾõĲˣֻżЩԣǽʮϲһֱˣźȡ
͵Ƶģ벻֡
һͨĵƻù֮ӣվĸźȥϢˡ
ղŵʱע۲쵽ˣᵽ˰纣ʱʱİϲû¶̫ı飬۵ȴһѹֲס궯
ӣһĭӱܵŲۣԸԼȥ
кܶܡ
ֻѹͲǶյκһλ綯ֽأ
˰ߣĿڶ࣬͸ӵֽţҪðųķյġ
οҲѡ
˰˾ˣ˲죬ɱѰ˿϶ͱԼһ
ΨһĿܣǴֶܸ𿴹ܺרҲ֪ȴ
ˣĻ֮ˣ±ֻһλˡ
뵽֮º󣬿һͣԸ֤¶ȥе̸¼ԣϾӹϵ׽˰ʮ˲
Щһӣս˿ӣ̲סʹ˸䡣


617 ֮ѷ

ſӣͷû¶̫ı顣
棬İҲԼ˼Сûôע⵽ӣϵı仯
˯µʱİӣ֣˵һʱ»ȽæΪͺ±ɽׯȥ䣬һֻҲˡ
ӣһһĬĬصͷ
֪Ϊʲô˰¶֮е˵Ļš
ڶյ޳ϣ³Խ࣬ڳϵĽʣļĿͻԽԽࡣ
ǰ
Թŵˡ
İºǲֱҹʱūŽˮ˶ϴˣ¡
İסĺ󱳣Ĵŵ˯ɡ
ɫ£ӣۣһֻڱİһ
İԼ޳ָȫ˽ȥ
ӣĺһϵĳˮ
֪Ľ֣ȴڿһһøӽ̲֮סΪİһ亹

û죬İڱɽׯµʱ򣬾ͷֻʰɫá
ܿѾţ滹һͷ麹
ȵ˳ʱ˵ˡ
߹ˣİ͹ȥ밲ʲˡ
Ź֪ӲʵģϽ˼̫ȥСİ뱧˴֮ϣ
ֻǰ֣˵޷ֻǱ˰ǸĿڷʹʹ˺ü졣
ǰʱ򵹻ãһֳʱһԣһĿھֿʼˡ
¶Ըȥ˾̫ҽҲûô١
İһżˣڴǰͷĵȰʰʥ̫ҽӣͽǿº
ֻǿЦ
̾һֶİ֣˼
İȴûֻǹڴǰ̧һۿۿѾˣƽճҽ飬ͨҽҩԣԸΪʰҽʰȫۼʰˣڽ٣
û˵ֻǱۣһģ
İãϢվ״Ŀ˳ȥ
Źһ·͡

ⲡĲ˰类һ֮ͨҲӱɽׯ˻
ңʮʧ⣬ջؾǡ
ڻھĴ԰Ǳŵģ֮£˰ֻܻ˳԰ĻӴ԰

Ϊ˰飬ټĲϵҲܲסĴ̼죬ۿɼٶ˥ȥ
³ʹѧʿֲдִ֣ۣڲй©Ҳ
ĸܶ˥ˣȻϻʵ˫δȫǵӣӵȴԽͨ͸ᡣ
һ£Ӱʱס˴ľͷ
˭Ҳ벽˰ĺ󳾡
ܹﻹΪ˻ӣ̫ҽҲֻǺĻС˵ǼȻǻϻӣ徫׳ɸǡ
ǽСӶزˡ
ݺᡣ
һΧߵĳǣǸϲЩѩɰСӵġ
СȫĺӣԼҲĴ
⣬ϲģټﱲ
Ӻҵĺ͡
羢ɣʵǿգ޿ܡ
ÿԼʱ
ؿգꡣ
ɽׯ֮Уɽˮ
ĺĿ۲ϲ̫˽ź򣬳ūǶߣֻһԼʮ˶ߡ
ڴ£Ŵɽׯľͷֽ׹δ׹Ľڡ
ϻʵʱԽԽ࣬ʱԽԽ

ӣԺһƬ¾á
Դϴһ֮˵ʵ˲١ȣǸĺӡ
ȵʾȥ֮󣬺罥Ҳ;ΧԺӡɫݡɽľҲ޷
ûʲôֵúһ̽ġ
һ٣ٶرеȥЩ¶ӣҲ֪ġ
ΪӸ˵ͬʱҲںͻ밲ʱӣȥˣܶ뷨ȴǰν֮ѷԶ֮Թ귨ôϲҲ𳹵˷ִ硣
ѶӱôӰǵǰ֮
黢仰Զ˵˵ѡ
İϻӣص׼ԵĲˣ簲һ죬ʱΧİֱתȦǳŸ׵Ҫ
İСӾ۳磬ϵ
ӣʵͦˣȻַ֪ʲô¶ϸӺϼӵĵԽԽˡ
κ˶ܿʵ
ȥְѺİ绳˹ݸԱߵĸ˰ѺӱȻû˵һ仰ĬĬľվİ۵
İһӲˣҲûôӣֻ΢΢̧֣ӣֱǰͷǡ
ӣͷ۽ز˲
ˣѾʮˡ
ʱգϵһУʷϽչһĻô
ҲҲˡ


618 ֮

תѾǰİվڱɽׯ֮ڣ󣬳Ĭ̧ͷȥ
߿֮ϣƬƬ
ȵʱѾȥˣź洵ķ磬ůġ
ҪǰչȥĹٻ£ϲŻᶯϽǵͷ
ǽ꣬˼ȴǡڣͻȥ
⵹Ҳ⣬ϾǶ֮ϵҲǰԵĲ
ɽׯȻɫģǾ̫ˣͨ磬Ͻط
ϼȻؾǵĴ㡪񸮵ȸزŶʼ׼
µ׵ʱ򣬵ۼ̤˻ؾ·̡
ûŸϣΧڰߡ
ӣԼֻ˺һˡ
Իˮߣ˻СȣӣӾ͵
С΢һЩСʱôˣҲʱʱȵʡġ
ǱȽϽʳ
˵ˮһӾͿƲסһĭ
ʵҲʲôĶƫƫĳպãܰˮȵƵǡô
ƢһڳԽȥζ
ӣϴŵˮǷڱͰŵģǶں磬ôСӳԱģǷԸŮһɹˮ̫ɹš
绹ȥñģӣ֣ⲻܳԣ
ջС֣ίίԱߡ
ʱŵ˹ס˵ۼݡ
֮УΪʲôأһ֪ǰ˰˺
ŵݣֻ˵үأ̫ҽúҽΡ
ŹڿԱźţһ⻰ˡ˰ͷ価⹬˼һ㣬˭Ҳմϰϵ
ο̫ҽ븮˽ܵ¶
ǵôǰ̫ӵ֮ǲǽ̫ҽ֣Űż˳
뵽һʱͷ޶İȻ䵽̶ֳȡ˺ص˺Ҫūۼݣ̫ҽ
ŹţҲòʤꡣ
һ͵͵ţһ߾תͷĬشŻϵ顣
ǰ˰µʱüͷѾ΢΢һҲûϵĲ죬˺һǿĸ֣ҽΡ
˶٣ǲȷ˰Ĳ鵽жأǻǰİеǰͼֵһ£Ѱ˰ӾĴ԰ƻԼİ˻Ӹȥ
Ű绹ԱߣŰ˸زѾʮֽˣʱʰȻáİȥѰ˰ŲػӸ
Ĵ԰뾩ĻӸ
οҲûȫˬǳ·Ļλεͷͷϣһ·ȳ˺ǲ
һز֮ôܾأ
ŰҧźĶҪ޳ˣܿʮ絣ĵĲϸʹɫ˼˰ѾΪʰǰĻ⡣
˭մ˭ù
ǾŰ绹Ƿܲǰȥ
ʮ״ʮİһɫ
ֵæǰȥͰѾŰסˡ
õۼҲˣɫǰƲϣŰòܵܣˤӣȥİĸ磡˸粡ôܰػӸⲻҪ𣿡
İ绹û˵ԱߵʮǰŸ磬ǻʰľղҲʰ˵ˡΪĸ磬ѲҪĸ翹ּô
İתͷסʮס֣ʮ˵ˡ
ʮס˿ڣͿİĿƽžŰ磺ŵܣͿˣʰ˼ѵ𣿡
ŰһӾסˡ
İҪǰȥ׷˭֪ŸոһС·Űֲӵ׷
ɫǺضİĸ磡˸·ϱһ⣬˭ܳе
İ̾һסžŰŵܣȻģһȥʰǰɡ
Ű˵ǰˡ
֮У΢΢۴˯Ǳ˵İ;Ű
ŰҲˣͲµʲô¡
ǹ!ص
Ű粻ʱˣһͷӣһǼһ
ʰ꣬˸Ѿز·ϱѽŰ´ſǻ
ͷؽĿھŰɨһȦŻȥ԰Ѿʡ£ǾͽƻؼС
Űһ˿΢˼ȴֲȷһʱ𾪵̧Żʰꡣ
иɻЦͲ˵޵˼ˡ
Űովһ仰ˣ΢΢һΣһġ
İԱߣֱһѡ


619 и

˼Ѿֱ׵òֱˣ˰ϾҪˡøϽߡ
Ϊ˻ӵĴ԰λڻؾǵıؾ֮·ϡ
Ѱ˰ߣΪ˾ȥʱ·ո˵Ժӡ
ʰӻ

ص˾ǣİ絹Ǳڱɽׯʱ򷴶࣬ڸʱˣɮ
義ļԺȥĴر࣬һȥһ졣
˰纣飬Ȼ̫ӱϵǼ꣬Ӱ첢Զȴǣлӵġ
˶ʶĿǰļҡ
İĻҲУĻǶ׼ƣϣӺܳʱǰΪ
İܾͨͨˣֻ˵ӷĿֵУЩ£ңֻԵĶա
дľʫǱ༭ɲᣬЩʫĲȥԺݷ𣬻ܸߵʦ£ɮһ
δЩ̫ˣ˾˵ĲĿ
ӺĻҲʮֲΪӺҲֻһ˵ģ˭뵽յͷȴһֻɮ׷𾭣η
ڵǰİ绹صشԼĸﲦһӣʰƾɵԺޡ
ĻǷ׷Ȱ˵İ磬ȴûʲôá
ӣȻںԺȴװסѾ˷ণľԱĳ̶ȡ
Ǹ񾭣ҲκεĴ̼ˡ
İ㶯ȻſһЩڿȴá
еİǶ¼һȦҲѲ¼һ첻̸۵ׯֲˣȻԵõĸˡ
ͬʱһһȥİļλĸĻȴҲסˡۿӺһҪʱҵģ˼ȡ
ȥͼҵտɵã

鷿֮УİӸûüȥǣҲûԺȥ
ȻصԼ鷿
ϴѣһһʢͽһųˡ
żúܼܿóīδõĺۼ
Ǵġ
շǰ㣬֮ǰΪӺһ⣬ү뾡ǧҪ
İ۾ﻹѪ˿ǰ˼ҹ۳ģʢԱ߿ţĬĬǰȥһյˮžͲˡ
鷿ĵƻ𲻹İԸһūǰȼĵ̨
żϣֿУҪΪ󲿷֣һĿǰƣڶ˵ǣΪү֮ǰӦſͣչԼʵһղɷɣŽ˲ţͬʱֲ˰ڳ͢ŪԼʢ
Ա⵽Ӳ¼ɡ
һ˵ľǴߴˡ
˽Ҫ֮ʱϲһ̷Ҳ
żǧд
İţĬĬ˸ơ
վԱźʢ⣬ͽ̨ˡ
ۿĻһһɵֽıԵİ⣬ò
˺ܶ࣬ţ룬Ϊ˸ӽǰˡ
ֻǼһЩסһЩû㹻Ĵ㣬ˡ
ķ·ǶԵġ
ǳТʡѰֵܻǲġ
ͺñ硪˭ᵽһѧ
ںˡȥˣ²ˡ
ʰҲǸʺѧʵˣƵġ
ȻиүţʲôʵȨ¶û֡
ڻʰУǸεӡ
ȻûʲôҲûʲôȥ
ԣҪϳ˲ţͬʱɽ¶ˮ
ͺܿ˵۹ˡ
Ͼ˲šһɵǧ
Ϭ˫۱ʶ˲ţһֲܡ
İ뵽ЩԸ΢΢һЦ
ߵ˲Ȼ࣬ҪְҲޣȴɫ
Ң¡ƶ̩࣬
İ۽ɨһվԱߵʢÿϷŵһ⣬뵽ӣϲԵġ
Ը˼ʢǰ鷿ŷĸรǶһȥ

ӣΪİ񿴷𾭶࣬Ҳ˲顣
ʵܵģΪİƽʹʵ̫࣬ܽرչʾܡ
ŵĶǸӣϲıϣƽʱһ̧۶ܿ
𾭶ˣָūǽϵıﶼǻָܵԭʼܡŷ𾭡
ˣΪ˷İ׼ȷЧĲҵÿһ𾭣ӣշƵƴĸ˷ࡣ
ȻûĿŵıעֻԼס˷ŵλá
Ļİʱ£뿴һ𾭣ҳ


620 ʮ

ŷ𾭣İǰ鷿˾͸ˣ˵ү˼รһ㡣
ӣôûİˣͦ˵İ͹ĸ㣬ִ֮ˡ
Ƶĵƻ֮£ԳĶɫӡŵĻҲǲҶģһֵĨζ¿ɿڡ
ھȻǷۣ⵹Сӣϲ֪ͳ˰ȥ
ô۵ĶȻҪϸڽģȵϴ֮Ƶõˮ˿ڣ׼ЪϢʱİˡ
ӣͦ⡣
Ӵƽ廨ЬҪߣİѾˣո˵أһͰشȥˣš
ָ˱ӣԴСһҴ˱ӽǣŵüûˣǡ
ǡȻָӣͺˡ
ӣ⻰˼ƺֻǹһۣҪٻǰ鷿ȥ
ү̫ࡣӣ۵֣סİ֣˵ôһ䡣
ʵ˵㲻̫尾ΪǸλġ
ֻô˵أ
İ֪Լӣֱͷһǣŵүġ
Ѿô˵ˣӣҲٶ˵ʲôİûɿ֡
İҲſ֣˾ô֣һڴϣһڴرߣ΢Цһ˲䡣
ӣͷ΢΢ԴȻʶӵ˵ĽǶԼʵͦ
Ȼ뵽˺ܶǰԼոմԽʱ
ʱİԼһȫİĴڣһμİ磬ҲΪܡ
ǵõʱԼİǰİûн
ŵĶЩ亹ˡ
׾Թ϶˲ʮѹû뵽ҲѾЯ˶ʮˡ
ӣ˵ů
İ΢Цſӹ๾ת֪Щʲô
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ϺⶼǷۺģϻȡʵĺܡ
ӣԵĺͶ룬İǱߵá
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Ȼǿ𾭡
ôˣӣرİһľרעʲô飬ֻҪͻȫԸ
ӱɽׯ֮󣬲ǲΪڿʦǰ裬뵽˾ͻȥ
İ翴˼ȻͷֵֹСš
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ָһƴӣ
ӣһʱ˼䣬İ˼棬ų֮е飬û˵仰ˡ
Ƿ˹ȥ
ǸǡķǳСǶſҲ׷֡
˭֪ƫƫͱİ翴ˡ
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ӣһƤͿʼˡ·ýˮճһܼѵĲһ졣
İ״е鱾ӣˡ
ӣҡҡͷҲ
ɵӣ
İҡҡͷǿϢȻ׹ӣǺˡ
Ϊʱ䣬ûôԺ
ԣѵùһΣɵϲŻôѣӲ⣬ԡ
İ˵ʲôζӣգү

ӣҹˡ
ģ¹ⶼûУŵİ೤ȻҲ˯ˡ
ӣŴշһ
һԽԽĻڰҹ
Ҳ֪ǲϳԭ򡪡˯Ҳʱˡ
˵˯кü֣е˯ѣеѣеǰҹѡ
Ӧþһְɡ
⻹ֻǿʮ꣬ȵٹ꣬İǺʷһ˳ǻ
ʱ򡭡ʮˡ

һƬڰӣȻʲôȴġһһµţεવģйɡ
ۣ˯ȥİȴ˸ʵһ֣˯֮оͽӣ˻
ӣΪˣǣǣİ䣬ү
İ˯㡣
ռƽסӣһʱҲˡ
˵ĸ첲ȴİסˡ
ӣֻա
һƬžĺڰУȻ뵽
˰ҹӦ˯ɣ
ӣİ绳ؽĿת˴⡣
۾ѾӦڵڣܹϳ΢΢ɫҹˡ
ҹ֮ϣҫ΢ԡ
ͬһƬҹ֮£ھ
ڲԶ


621 ñ

ӺԴӹ˰ڣԽԽŨˡ
ɻ԰ǴϸݣҶⲻǴʱ̣һĲԻ
ʮĶҪˡ
ӣվӺ԰Ÿ߸ߵ΢ƣһƬε
ǰһӵİҪĽգɹ졪Ͻ֮УһƬڡ
ҲǸոչ˰ڣ¾ַˡ
һεս׼Ĳ̹ġ
̹׼ɮӣֶӡ
˵ˣҲʱ򣬸ֻ̣ܹ˳常˭֪ΪòˣУȴޡ
ǿ̣벻̣
ǲ̹ɱ֮һ常׼˻ᣬϲ±ͱһ׼
ڵľ
ԴΪ׼֮ЩʼҰĲϵչɧźʹı߽磬ռ˹ܣҴء
ΪǣټӰǰִ¡
İ硪ίɺԽԽࡣ
һ֣İҲǿġ
ۿŻʰĿͶԼİվ͵ʰ꣬Ϊ̹ɧҴ߽磬Ӧ
ǻñһˡ
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ǵ䶼紵졣
İ±ʰ߽꣬ңԶȻ̹ҰĲΪһҴƣΪñɳٻ
վŵʮİ絭һİ硣
ʰԽԽ֮侺ңⳡۿȥǶԲ̹ʵϣǺγֲǰѲñΪλһҪأ
ʮİ֣塪ּӲıУ뵽ƽʱУ䳡嵶

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ʱŮǼھģȥһҲô׵ġ
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ͰʱҲ˳ֵ;ȻѾǽʮһˣӣǰõСʲôĶڱͰʡ
֮ǰΪĺһڸӣҲˡ
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İ˵ˡ鷿ѧҵҪ뿴㣬պظʱ򣬽Ҳ١
ǣֻкܸˡ
һȥ㡣ϣӣ̺С
ĸ飬˵ûкôΪСǱųġ
꣬Ȼ
ӣ˿ŮһȦ׼ǵûб֣һЩ
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ոͣ£ūǷӣСӲضŮϤ
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׽ҲѾкһûรˣӣǼﺬỨҪͷ¡
ӣǰȥס֡
ü⣬ȴûʲôõЦݡ
ӣϤŮġģһˡ
ʱ
Ǻˡһ»Ĳʡ
Ҳܵ壬ڸſڵ˺һˡ
ĻĻЦ˻
Ȼող˵һ仰ס죬üͷĽģһԣס
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ԱߣֿľͰСŮеͭյӹˣһֲסĸĺġ
һϵжˮ̶ȣӣ֪û¡
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ͷۻı˸ȥˡ
ӣһ̨ףһ߾ͻͷתö÷
÷ģûʲôۣѰ˳ԣ϶ÿڸйᡣ
Ƕии˵Ͳһˡ
öشӦˣתȥϷԸСŮʳиȥˡ


622 

÷⣬ӣŮһһضں֮ϡ
ʱſҺģһūӵţöָһһ͡
浱ûڸӣոյԺʵ̲סˣסԱߵͭһ¡
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ӣֽŮͭԱάƣЪһᡣ
˶ģվֱûˡ
ӣ۵ĲУͷȥͭµĶˮŮǲǰѵ֭³ˣ
ŮǸϽڵˮ֮󣬺һŻ
ӣϽߣȥ
Ѿ̺õģӣŮһСĽ
ƽ֮࣬Ҳղôһֱüͷˣ˽
ӣתֽӹū÷⣬ֻһƬ͵ŮԱߣζһ㡣
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ӣϽοģԽԽá
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ӣŮգʱɹˣﶼûô¹
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ˣ΢΢Ա˼ѹɤӻشӣ⡣
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ңΪ̥ҩʱҲСģܳԣǸá
ɴʲôҩˣôؿ¡
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ȥ֮ӣֱȥİǰԺ鷿ȴǡĻǣ鷿֮İ֡
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ʢǧڵԱߣü˵Ҫรȥͨӣֹסˡ
ڵȵĻɢӣȥһ˵İҲżˣ˵ȥӣȻʢȥ̫ҽ
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ŶĺӣʲôϺȡӣ
İüͷһšɸֵĵ֣
ôĸŻţԲ£ѵĺӾܵ˺ȥ

ڶ磬̫ҽѾȥˣҲѾǰ˸߰οš
֢״̫֮ҽ˵ǰ漸λҽ˵ࡪθ㣬ڽƢ̥
󿪵ľǰ̥֪ĸ󶬡˲Ρ«ɽ١㡢а֮࣬ˮÿΡ
ԱߣҩıĻϸ
֮תȥοӣЩްġ
̫ҽ֪Ĺǣ˵һҩŵķӣȻȫʵڵģӡ÷⡢Ǽˮ
÷ζᣬֹʵУθֹŻ
űͷá

ȵ̫ҽˣֽ̲ס̾һ
ͷָֽסԼ󣬲ŵ֪±ǲҪӡ
ԹԵڰĻֻؿ
һָһڡ
ɷô˵һ֣İ˰촽ϣֹʣµĻ
Цŵ˵
ֱսֱ΢΢Գ
ûЦֻǶصͷĶͷָڶߵĬĬĶ˺һ
ȻѾǷˣﶼѾĺˣ񱻰ôһ˫ӶһᣬЩ˵
תͷȥ˵ʲôȴֻұ߼΢΢˳
ǰȦס°ͷϡ


623 ɥ

սŨ
ؽǰܵĳҲʱһʱ֮üˡ
Դһο³ӣ֮һ̫ҽ̸ַֽӣԼҲһֱоʳƣ˸ˬƵĸ㣬ר͹ȥ
ǴСŶĸģѾϤЩζר˰ѸǺѵõĳࡣ
ܳԣ׻ָ
ǱߣǾչš
Һãǰȥˡ
ӣһİǱ˵̫ҽÿλ˵ȵúܣе̥Ҳܺãүġ
ӣǰο
ӺԺһƬŵƽʣۿžҪˡ
SҲˡ
Ǹͳʲ֮Ů죬ϡ
Sڰǰ˻µİţӦС
˭Ҳû뵽ǣܻ̫һزһ
ϾҲѾ͵ˣôչˣҲֵסĴݿࡣ
̫ڴš
ӷأٵȥмĹʵ̫̣ѹκηӦʱ䡣
ʹ֣ꡳգΪֺ̫ΪТ»ʺ
ΪɥڿʮͺͺS׵ļƻҲʱˡ
͵ǲ⡪λϣδı棬һһȢʲô
ǻ귨ѹˣŰɥʱҲڻ귨ߣȰο
ıʹˡܻ̫Ȼĸףȴʤĸ
˵λ̫󣬻ô˳һ¶˵
˳λʵᷢӲüϳ֮󣬷޲ͣ˳θ𲩶ü԰裬ʼɳԣ̫׳ԴףպĽʺ֮λȥΪרֻ谮ϡ
Ȼϻʺ󱳺ǿƶ߲˳ηϻʺľٶÿƶɨء
ʱ۹δȣΪ˰סƶ߲Тׯִ̫ӿƶߵĲüѡһŮ˳ʺ
ȡǰ֮Тׯ̫ѡʺʱѡһλӶغʵݵŮ
Ȼ˳βϲŰԵģĹԹŮֹܸܰ˰ɣ
ѡеŮŵλ̫ˡ
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붭һȣԵһŰֽһ׿ˮ̫Ȥľګ
˳λʵȻ˻ʺ֮λϣȴ̸ʲô谮
ֻӦТׯ̫һ˰ˡ
λľګʵĻʺѹûκλ˳λʵۣ͸̸һаŮˡ
˽ʮĻѡ
ֱ˳ε۱š
֮Ϊʺ֮ڣԵĸΪܻ̫
͵ʱСĸţλʵĵĸȻĽӹչ˿Ρ
ȻһûеõһԼĺӣıȴһλ׼ĸУԹľչ˵ĺ
ĶⳤģҲĸ֮顣
ʹǳ֮󣬵˼սԴλĸ̬Ҳûб
Ʃ翵ʮܻ̫꣬ʮ٣Ϊ˶̫ģȻ衣
ףҲֻˡ

ʹеĿۣĲƣİԼʥ⣺̫ȥĸתйź͹ԱִС
ڻ̫ŵع顪Ϊʹ޷ǰУİԼʽȥǰĸ
һϵаţ䶼һɲƽζǾصĴ£ֱİԼǰȥָν֮⡣
ůϣūǷţһߺҩһİ潲ȥ̫Ĺǰ顣
ͷģĺܺá
뵽ܻ̫ǰ㴿ƺһˣһȴ˱¼ţ̲ס̾һ⣺ʶ
棬ʹʧ
İһ³ĬĿͷһֱĵͷЩ˲ŵʰڰ
˱ػչ˻ʰ֮⣬ȵٳŵʱİ绹˵ǵȻʰ걯ʹԼʰȥԲ԰棬úңͷʹơ
ʧȥ˵ʹֲֻ

Ϧ֮ҹƮ˶ëѩѩ׷ڷзţȥǶһƬİɫ
ΪɥԵʣĳϦĺǼ򵥣껹Щȼ̻񡢸Ϸıݣͨͨȡˡ
ֻǻʵۺǼ棬˵˵ѡ
һӹʱˡ
ӣдСѬ¯һƬѩ̧ͷȥ
պѹǦ飬ϽǵĽߡǽԼҹɫеʮԡ
վԼǰԶİ硣
İ·һ㣬ͷͬ
߹־͸ϵ˽ϴ멵ڡ


624 

Ϊɥڼֹͣһֻ֮У̹ر˲١
йصеʱЪҵˡ
бѭһ涨ɥֹС
νֹС˼壬Ҳܿеĺ塪ǲڹɥڼŮ
涨Щ飬ʵʩҲ൱ѣɥʱܳһ꣬ʵǶʮ߸¡
ǿ
ɥǰһǡТТеТʱǾ檳Ⱥȴܴ֮ϲµġ
Ǵɻ䡣
һ˲࣬롣򱻶ɢңÿһڣԼɢҶɣ´
ȻЩѾв·ݺܴķǣȻ鿼ǡϾ˭Ҳûδ֪֮Ԥɥ
ǸջеľͲˡ
ڽҪ˰조Тʱ尢ĸǮϻС
˵ףǮϲԼʧѾãʹֶΡ
尢󣬵֪ǮУһ亹ﲻ©
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Ϊ֪ĴҲ̫ҽֻǴҽĴ
尢ûȥǮǰֻ帣档
ۿŹ̵Ķ̥ҩ˵ǰǮƴ˵ʲôҲϺ̥ҩִ޴ֵغΪү
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帣Ǯϵģ뵽Ѿϣ뵽˵¡
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һαԼĳתͷԱߵǾ͵ס
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ΪԼĺӣҲԲΪɥڼе飬κβӡ
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ҩЧܿͷˡ죬ͷ൱ҡ
ǮϵȹܿͱѪ͸ˡ
ʹĴҺڴŶӷȥһ㿴˵ģ

Ǯﺬˮƴֶ帣ķ
帣֪ĸŮ˻˾һ˲ĻҲֻλ帣ˡ
帣ٶ࿴Ǯһۣ¶࿴һۣԼҪҡˡ
ۿźǱضסˣ̥ҲˣתҪߡ
ȴǣǣ帣ӣʹɫ
帣ֵ˼ǮѾʧ˺ü꣬⼸곯֮ϣ֮ңϸֻ²
尢⸮Ҳûô˼ˡ
ټϹ϶Ϊĸ֮Ҳʹ尢źŮ˾͸ˡ
Ǯų׼ʱò׵µ尢һҹ硣
ֵ˼ǣŮţǻѾ尢̥ˡ
ŮӶ̥֮£ôںҩĹУѪûֹסĲ֢뷢һʬ
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ټ帣һ尢帣β
βʱͰǮһأ
ۿ帣ԥǰȥû˵ֶҩ룬Ͱʣûȸɾҩ¹ǮϵĿС
ǮϱǺĶϢˣֻ޴ڿץţʹصɴ֪ۡ帣ߵɱģҪˡ
帣Ҫֹ̧̧ĬĬط
תĵſȥ
ҩĳζ֮⣬ѪԽԽŨ
ԽԽŨ

Բ԰Ϊİ֮ǰѾ˿ȵТһİˣȥԲ԰
ʼĵָ˴԰ӣΪӭӿ׼
ûȫתůͦӣźƤӡ
Ҳ巿ѡʽʱֵģ̫ˡ
ϣһСľͳܡ
ҪԲ԰¶ȱȾǵͣŲᴩء
ͷдһףӣ̲סʹ˸磬ö״ϽȥֺСѾͷһСů衣
ӣӣĵ˵Բ԰Ǳġ
Ǳǵ


625 

ΪɥԲ԰ﶼڳի
ӣһСоҲزΪ
Сβһ춼ߣӣɵؾͺСʱˡӿԻһ𣬴ĴСģʡ˲ġ
񣬸ôСĺӡͺһˣҲûбС顣
ʵϸҲֿ
ӣ̾˿ԹԵһߵСϣߵūǷš
ԼֻɫĵɰȥİĽӻȥ
ɰͦҲֻľʵȥ
ҲǹʹͣϦʱʹ͡
ʱڣ峯͢ѾֹͨԽ𶧡Ҷӡӡһණˡ
ӳΪеĶ֮ŻȨһ塣
ʵСĽΪ״ͦӣԵ֡
ǸͷʵҪȹҪһȦġ
ⶫۣ൱ӣٽһ㡪ǻڵңÿһöӵļֵѾλˡ
ӣͷźһһɰĽӵ߹ȥҪ͸ʿ
ʿϽ͹ˣū̫ܲˣ

İʱ򣬿ӣɵþЦˣСӣ
⻰û˵ӿɶʵʵڣ
һööãһɰͺܳˡ
ŸЦֻСֺ£һɰӷƴĻε
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⻹һؼ͡ϺõͲŻͶ壬࡭˿Ŀڸмֱˡ
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·һҹ֮ðһ㡣
İһ˲ЦЦûаı飬ֻ嵭صǸˡ
˻һ˲ӣӴŲȥ
İĬĬս֡

ӣİÿ˳ȥʱǺĻһ
鷿صһıĴ졣
ʱ緹ʢͽȥġ
İӹĶ࣬ҲΪͷ
һ֮Уǵкβʱæġ
뵽ղŵİ׷ӣūŽҲûİ˼ֱϨ˵ƻ
ٶϢһ˵һʮܵĻѾĳ̽׶Ρ
İѾƣˣȴӲͦŲҵ¡
ᡣ
Ͼʱ򣬳⣬֮ƴľ˭;ˡ


626 

µ׵ʱ򣬿Բ԰ˡ
Դӻ̫֮󣬿ƺһֱֱ½ӣÿܼһε˶ܷ֣ľ˺ܶࡣ
Ҳ˥ˡ
İ˹ӭԲ԰ſڣԶԶؿۼݹӭӵĻ˵˺ü顣
ɤӣʮ㣬Ǻȥġ
ССˣʰ塣
Բ԰һôǲϽɭϡ͵ģдģܷһЩ
͡İһ·Żʰ԰ӣһ߾͵
ѹͲðѣѾǰȥ˻үүߡ
Բ԰Ĳûʹǰ࣬ΪɥɫһĹƶңߵﶼɫġ
Գһ嵭
İիͣ˽ŲȻĬĬĿ˺һ
İիΧˮľɫʮĻ̫ڳ԰Уסס
ſţĸ棬իԺվͥķ羰УĬȻ˺һŶİģֻТ֮ˣް֮ˣ𳤱ѵлÿÿ뵽˴޿Ϊˣ
ϻʵݺᣬԲ԰԰羰жз¶ȫ̬
ͽס촽ܶµľ͹ȥס˻үүļ򣺡귨Ҫ̫ģ
İҲˣʰڰ
û˵ʲôֻݺս֡

Բ԰ĴɢӣкǶİ
ź磬ղʰߡ
ǿˣ绹Ǻ˷ܵġ
һ˫СȾںȺҴܣüĸûץס
ӣ¶Ӵְˣɫѹǹɥڼ䣬귨ģ㲻ҪЦôģڻ귨ڵʱ򣬲ˡ
ȻûȫǿŶ֣ص飬ҲЩˡ
İϵЦݸȥˡ
ӣŶӵСֻΡ
һСӲҪټЦõİ취ǸˡúóԵĺͺĸתע
ĵضİ˵һȻöţūǰȰѺ԰ȥ
ԺСżƬ߶ǽƽƵģպҽͽУĺܡ
һһڵسˣԵҽöԱߣӸ
ˣҲˣССԴԱһᣬ˵Ҫ˯
ĸöһϽС򵥻һѣͰȥﴲˡ

档
ʱúܿ죬תѾɽʱԲ԰еĵΪԶԶȥҲơ
ò˵ۼݣӣϽصһ۾ͿСϣ˯ú㡣
ȥĸҴҴӣû뵽ȴѺŪˡ
Ժ۾ۿǶһЦȻ뵽ʲôƵģСر죬ӣЦ𣿡
ӣѶһࣺЦɣ

Բ԰ȻǼ£һʱ䣬ﱾڶӺĸ۾͸ˡ
˵ӺεóģҲ˵걻ӺӺڣֱԲ԰ס˼
Щ۵İͳͳӶ
Ϊ˱ⴥ飬Ͻǣֵ˳԰
¿ɺã˵ľˡԲ԰ǳ԰ĸ԰İ춼д밲ӣʺʰ塣
Ȼ밲ǲģԴԴϵ߲˹Ϲ͹ȥ
Բ԰Ĳ˵زġ
Ҷժ̣ˮεģֱװһ룬ĵķ˱Ͱʡ
ȥ԰첻Ĺ͵ˡ
רҵͲAPPˡ
İд밲ӡӣһȥǰ鷿͵ĵʱǡɿһΡ
ʰϴ˵ˡֻТ֮ˣް֮ˡĻ֮󣬶ʮܣҹÿÿ뵽ۻʰĲ֮
ӣɴ˼С
һƤ
İ硭
ռ˺ͼļ˵ȥĻ˵д˵ģҲûʲô׵
ֽöҪðˡ
ӣ
ǳ԰ǱߣӦʮĮȻҲţʲô
ǶԲ԰߲˹ϹĶ࣬˼˵ҪʲôʲôˣҪһЩ
˵żԽдԽҳ
İֽ֣ص¶һĨ΢Ц


627 ɥ

³ԽԽˡ
ӣǽţİ˵֮󣬴ԵĴõģȥһˡ
ԴӲ֮˾񶼺࣬Ȼ·ݴˣĲʸȴûпʼôء
·ʱ򱻹ͷʹѹȵ߳˰ֲ
ŶȥΪȡ˶ľ顣
֮ǰ˵ҪĻƽʱҪ·ǧ͵

ӣһ·ҵĹһ㣬ڲ಼ãʲô¶ˣܹӣร׼𣿡
ӣڲҿĴ飬̵ȣ߶ȣ̶ȣְ׼õĽȫйʻ
֪ŵλӺ谮ĲรǸĸһнû˵ˡ
ӣҲֻͷ֡
ȵȫ׵֮뿪
񿴶Ҫߣ۶᲻ãһֱŶ֣͵Ժſڡ
ȥӣҡҡͷú̥ҪĴ߶
˵꣬һ
⣬͹ķסֱۡ
վԺſڣһŶӣһĿŶߣſ˺Զ
ӣҲģ˺üͷֶŮңңĻ֣˼ȥϢ̫վš
һһͷػȥˡ

һֱͣԲ԰ſˣӣԼ˼ȻŮǱߡ
ֱСӺԺܳһѱĴϣӣĲű˻
ͷСӵͷ
첲һֻСû֮ǰڱСˣ
СѾϵĲܶˣҲֻǺīһɹ̫⼸ֻСС⽵ĺ
ٺãչ˵پģϾȲˡֻСҲѾ˷ˡ
ӣͷСǣźС֣ߣǽȥ
Ҳ֪ȥˣһߣһ߾ͷʶ㣿
ܳƪ۵˵໰ǹеȴͨġ
ӣĺģܺá
ʱΪİһѾǰ˹˵ϻӣСָū׼İ簮ԵĲˣȻʢµĹˡ
˸ով˵รͨһүˡ
ӣҲû̫⡪εԽԽ٣İϵĵԽԽأοԲ԰ų԰ֽ
뵽ʲôҪҪԸİùȥһˣ¶
һҲǵģİأ⴮ǹ̵ģûڣİͼҴҵı˸ˡ
֪һʲô£
ӣһţһ߰˴ˣתС
Ѿˣȵúܣʱֲܴ̿㣬οİҪ꣬ȻҪ߱
һ㣬ģӣŶоҪˡ
οİ绹ܡ
æȥôпգôʮ¹ٿһЩҩ塣
븮ҽʱ䶼ûˡ
ӣһţһ׼̶֮ӵǣϽ
ܼ򵥣̶ʱðѶһԽȥֻҪѾˡ
İҪæ̫ūǰ̶͵ǰ鷿ȥ
ӣԼԼһϣİ綼û¶档
ڶ죬ӣ֪ԭǰһ˰ͻһһϢ
˾ûˡ
Դһ˺òװ֮󣬰˰ڶδ󲡡
ǿҲһζԴӣЩ̫ˡǷԸҪŰ˰ľӴߣ˰մȾĻ
Ǽ֮󣬾Ű硢ʮ˶ݺ֮С
һΰ˰زİǰȥ̽ҿͷ˼ϰ˿԰
ȻѾˣǱϾ׶ӣ֮ͣٺǰ֧
˰ڲ档
ܵӹϵתõм˰ǿͦ˹ְ˲ħĵڶι
ˣ尢ȥ๤Ѱ˰ڴ԰ԱߵӶǨߣ˰԰ߵط
νġߵʵ볩԰ˡ
˰пԣֻܿЦš
֪ʰڼԼԽԽüӡ
Ѿ䵽زѵܷʲôˮ
ʰ껹Ҫ㾯裿
˰޾ĿɬУԽʶԼȥŬǡڻʰУ˶ôӰ졣
޴ڡ
ϧһʱⶼܵˡ


628 

ľ貢ûеġ
۳ſͰ˰ĹϵͲû죬֮У˰಻סˡ
統̫ӱ֮󣬲̫ӵÿÿϻʵ˼ҡʱ򣬱ڿǰἰ̫ӡ
үҲһ
ҲǰүһЩ԰˰ӡ󼫺õϳҲʼ⻰ڿǰ
ƩܿŵĴѧʿأʼնΪڻϵ֮У˰طTܵģ̫֮밲
밲ӣŭЦҲϼһܸɵó¡
ܿ죬½˰˰һЩɢԵ
һ¸۷׷ס
ĸ֮ʱİȴС
ĺܣʰһġһ˽٣Ҳβȥˡ
Ρһ˺͡áһˣȫ¡
áһˣȫΪôΪԼĵúñЩñ֮ӳȥ
Ρһˣһ
Ρ֣Ƕ˸ġ
ֻ߽ˣıΡ

Ѯʱ귢˵԰ģС
ĹԱʧ룬Ͻ
İǰȥ鴦
ȻѾȥ꣬˳·Ҳ˳·ǸɴİȥޣԼмݡ
ǰ̫Ӻֱ֮⣬λӰ˭ҲûܹΡ
İһ߰꣬һ߻һһ밲԰ݡ
ҲʲôҪĴ¡ֻÿһʰһ죬֪һ
ν䣬лӦҲˡ
Ǳߣÿȥ밲ӣŻһ⡣
Ҳ֣֪ˡ

Բ԰İһ˻˶ɹһȦ
üúãܳŵסķɫҪֵµһ󲿷֡
ɹ˵Σİ󲱾ϵƤöطɹˡ
ۡӣԺӣŵĸҩ
İǺѺʹģӣ֪ɹˡ
ܶطСˮݡ
ͷôүʱɣαطҪӣһĸź󱳣һ߾͵
İʱ䣬ûü
⻰һ˵ӣ;õҲеʱĻٶȿ϶ǸϲԼӱ޵ġ
ʱ䲻ˡİס֣͵Լǣص
ӣһҩ࣬һëİԼ֣վԱһȻİ绰е⡣
ɲ
ʱȷʵǲˡ
ȵҩӣõɴĸİ粱ϵƤ
ȻѾһҪ޵ģİֻ£һۡ
ӣ˰ѰõĽ̶˽
̵̶Уû͵أѾŵһ㡣
İĿˣһ̶ָ֮͵ˬζҲá
ӣͷ̫ģδؾúȡ
һ˵һԼҲ˰롣

ڶ磬ӣѹʱİѾˡ
Ϊ˯ɺһûūȥ
öŶ˽ǽ࣬Ķɳ⣬нϷζ
ӣûأͻȻ궯ˣǱūŹͨ˵񷢶ˡ
ҹͷˣֻԲ԰ھóš
Ϣһֱű
ӣһһб̶óˡ
죬ϽųȥҲһţү
ӣһ߻Żŵһ߾͵

ͷһ·ϵ֪˽ӣֻķҡ
ոڸſͣ£ûͣȣӣѾö֣һ͸ӵţˡ
ѾڸſڵģӣҡͷõҪʲôȥŸ񣡡
Цǰӣһ۾Ϳϵġ˵ⶼǲӵʱΪ̫ʹץպۡ
̫ҽ𣿡ӣһļٵظţһתͷ
ͷ絷⣺ˣˣ
ʱѾ
漱תӺ㲡
иˣ˲รϽǰͷ
ӣﻹ˼ҴҵĻ˻ӣ˶ˣϽˡ
ߵſڣ˺ѷεһҽС
ƵģɼѾ˶á
ӣ͵һһȫӿˡ
ö֡
̫ҽԱߣͷ֮ػ˵һѡֻ˵ʲôݹȣѪвٲǽţѪͣʧ
ӣž͵ôݹˣ춼·أ
̫ҽһʱ
͵ر򿪣һͷǺѾȫճڶͷϵСŮжһˮߡ
ӣһģһۡˮѪɫģǲࡣ


629 Ԩ

ӣƿСŮߡ
ﲻȣƣ͸
ֶڲԱߣҲſڴϵģԴ쵽ȥơ
һ߿һ߽ô
ͷǺһҵģ
ӣˣȻ˹ʣֱŵ
ӣͿǰȥˡ
ͷļźŮϽÿӣһ࣬رһŮ⸱ģ
絶
ǲܿޣǧܿޡǶʱǺӵľ֧ˡ
ǳŲס޳϶Ҳſޡ
ӣŵľһھ
£°Ӷһ̾Ͳʹˣӣرסļ򣬾һ˾ռߣޱȵģ
ΪʾԺһЩݴᣬ̧ͷӣûˡ
ӣĶҪˡ
ͷڱڴϹȥȻʹֵľϲټӰѾټӰѾѽ

һֱ磬˸Ů
һ˵ǸŮӣһᣬ뵽ŮΪޣΪĸʱ򣬻Ҫôһ
ȻϲŮӣԸǸк
һֱ˻صԲ԰ʱӣκġ
İȻڹæýŲأ֪˳µĺӣҲǺܸˡ
Ѿɹȥ̫ҽڰ·Ͼۻˡ
Ҿ͵ıϾͻ̫С¡ŵʱӣһֶ룬һſӣͷֻֻЩ
ĺ¡
ʱϾִиȽҽƴʩתȥʸ
ӲûĻѲˣǺ鷳ʹˡ
ǹ֮УΪӶŮ˻
ûˡ
ӣʵȥ

Ů˳ȥһʯͷӣθڶˣһС˾ͳһ
İҲˣҴææţȥʹ͵ĵˡ
һ˳ϢҲ˳԰͵ǱҲʹ͵ģİﱾŮ׼Ķ
һС
ܻεӺˣ¶ûŹڣͰϲ
ſڹ¶Ķ˵ˡ˵ϲȥȥ⸮ϡ
ô¶ء
һת۵ڣСŮһԲ԰СŮñ¼ˣĽëԴ̣̲סȥ
ĸԱĿţͿİ籧ԼСŮڻﱧ˺ð졣
һǸӡİһ߿һתͷӣ͵
ӣĿЦӡ
ƾ˽⡪ĸԱߣƿ϶Ҫһӣˡ
İ籧һͰŮøӣˡ
ӣӹС§ڻСӤоˮģѹ
ͷСһСҲ˺۾
ǸʹֻҪԱ˶ǶǣͲ޲֣ɰˡ
Դ֮󣬶ӻЩûָȻŻǸ̲ס΢΢ȥ˻һ
Աߴ粽طǻһûֵˡ
ȵ͡Sӹ鷿ˣİȥкǹ㡣
СкһӾͳ˳ˡ
һԲİˣʹ񣬻Բ԰ūš
ĸ΢΢Ա߿š
ⲻǸѡ
⶯ͼƣ治֪˿ţΪӺǲ˸Сأ

һʮȥһľɰˡ
νľɰ죬ָľǳ͢Ϊ޽Ĺ԰ֵȻʼҽеʻľɰ졣
ǰһ޽޻õĶľɼľˣĻľɰǲɼ
һҪɲס
ȵ峯ʱ򣬾޴ľɼľѾϡ٣ɰҲά衣
Ǹ¶ģ󡢹ѣӰҲԶϾ޽ĶǹĹ
һиضͬСɡ
ֲ£ǲʮͷϵġ
ʮҲɵģ֪̾ĸƾԼ
ӿʮ⼸꣬ĸһߵıһۣϵĵһһء
ϵ飬ÿһѾ˼ãҪǹţܹ߸
ʱʮ綼ĸԨСǰ̫ӡֱ˰Ƕǻ̽·ߡ
ˤȥһΪİһѡ
һСĽǺѳ׷ġ
֮ǰʮԲ԰ǰ鷿İ˵˰Ļų
ʱʮ۾Ҳġ


630 

ʮһ߱С⾰תۼ䣬Ѿ˿ʮס
һǸһƬ캮ضóȥˮת۾ͻᶳ˱ӡ
˵Ӻˣ϶ѬĿյůůȵģůһ̽һ̡
ӣʱ򶼷ԸūǸϽ͸жˡ
Ͻ¹ѩ֮󣬵ͱˣԶԶĿȥѩ֮еӳϽǸĹϹڡ
̫Ƕ߶µıڹҹơ̫䣬ֶˡ
ò״Ļ޲ûˡ
Ϊ̫ɥȻϦҲֻǼ߸ʽ
мԷһʼұҡ
˵ҡӣոմԽʱ򣬾ΪϽ϶ÿ궼ٰҡ
˼֮ŷԼˡϴѩҲ;еġ
ѡֶǳڰӵܣҪ䷢Ӧװÿ춼ˡ
һĻһǧٶ˲μӡ
ΪμӵĶǰӵܣãҲؾԤ˱ЬƤϥȵȡ
νıľƬЬ¡
ӣֱЬˡ
浽ȥԷ̫Һһ졪Ǽȥˡ
ͺ翴ⳡʹҲ³ȥһȦ
ǻݲͬȻ³
˺þãɧָ̫ӹݣӣתȥſˡ
Ϊ˺Ӧҡ⣬ڱϣŻƶиǣͬƤıл裬˵ɽУ̧ʾ
ȻԶӣһ۾ͿˡŸޣΧſˮְ֣ȵĲˡ
֮ǰİġ˵ʰĶʮİ磬ǹСĺӡ
֮ǰġʮ硱һˢˡСļ¼
⺢ӵĸϣ˵ҲֻǸˡǻϵѲϵʱ򣬵عԱˣ˵Ƹ衣
ϧϻ˾ǣͰ˸Ժ
һǺþãûǰ꿴˳裬Ͱ˸ˣ¹ˣ˶ʮİ硣
ԱߣĲСĵλ󹬳ﱸЩ¶ҲҪеġ
˵꣬ǲ׼ˡǰһٴ죬ôۡ
һ¶񸮰Ź̾ͺˡ
Ϊ˸ı䣬رˣһ¶Ҫᡢġ
Ŷʮİ治סЦֽУֻóԴˡ
̲סס죬͵͵Ĵ˹Ƿ
һתۿˣ΢΢һЦϵĹȥʹ͸
ܳϽվңңĸž룬лˡ
۱ҵϯϣСǰůһһڵð
ҶˣƨŤŤȥסˡ
ڱݵĿת򡱡
ͺѣҲͦӣİӵܷΪӣһӴ챳ĺӣһӴƱĻӡ
ԱϷֱ켮ơסơ׵С졣
ϣӱһš
Ϸ涼һֻ޴Ĳ
ӵǶԼĶɳھӨıγȦһ߻һıݣ洩ȥ
͵İӵܣһҪҶһ߻ҪڳһЩ絹תƮ׷Ҹϡ
ʮ֡
ӣſţֹףⲻǻʽ𡭡
˶ԱͨڱϻͼΣԾתȸѶȶлᰴնԱֽۺ֡
ȻС˿
λúáöţÿһλӵܹݶʱ򣬶ҪڻʵƤ֮¾
Ҳܸˣ¶˾ΥЦݡ
Ķǰӵܣбֳڵģ̲סͺȲһȻߵĽȥʹ͡
ʹ͵İӵܣҲùޣֽ֮ͷһƬвŻصԼĶС
Ƕűѩؿþˣӣ۾е㷢ᣬתͷһͿҲŻ
⵽׻Щ۾ģſˣЪһЪӣ룬ūǹȥ˼ǡ
ںͣǲ˵
˼ұͲϯϣͱеȨĸˡ
ϾСȺ࣬һ˵Ƕ˼һְǰǶűʯСƤñӣعͷŤСӣŶЦЦȻ͹ԹԵۡ
ˣ
ȴӣӶȥˡ
ҳһƬȻ֮ʱԱߴңȻһݵע⡣
֮ʵúܡ
䣬Ҳûʲôͬʱҵ˽ȥһװȻӲ趯Ʈݳˡ


631 

̧֣һֻȵشţӱ֮ǰ˻Ρ
漴ֻ·һ㣬Ȼ˸䣬ֱС
ϵˣŵҲ̲סһʣ˴ֲͣ˰
һֱߵ˽ǰŽľ⺢ƺЩ졣
ӵʵ̫ˣǳ͢سĺӣҲϵÿһ
ĿϣɫȻһ飬ͨİӵܣ
Լ
귨밲귨꣬꣡
ڵϣͷ
˰縮֮ӡ
Աߵ˶ʱѻȸˡ
곤һĬĬĽζ񣬵û˵ֻƬ
ӵЩסˣµذѺһ飬ƺϰôӣΪĸʵ̫΢ϲ̨棬⺢ҲŶһЩί

ڰ˰Ĵ£ź⺢ӣôһ仰Ҳ˵ˡ
İ棬۽ҲѾɨǶȥˡ
ϰǡ
üһԼлͣŲŲһӵ赽ǰˡ

ϻ˸ϵ̻Ǳ˵ģҲ־ˡ
ӣһ·ֱǷſ˯ˣˮ˳մʪӣİڡ
ȵİǰ淭ūСĹźС硣
߹־ͰѶӸˡ
ź磬Ҫһ·ͻȥӣȻǸںģȵ˶Ժİһ·˺
ҪѶӷСһﷴֻС֣§Ÿ׵ĲӣһԴСգߡ
ӣԱߣűϾǹ꣬ҽ⡪İ类ԺӾ²ˡ
룬İ磺ү
İ粻ڣµ˵ʲô˰֣أҴҴӽǣߺ˵ԼӶҹ㡣
İ۰С۵գڹԵѾˣٳԣʳɲá
絹Ǻ׵Ļİôһ˵ֻС£ס׵ĸ첲ֱڸֱϣ˲䣬һر˯ˡ
ӣȥİİֳͿİҡͷЦСӱ㻹
ӣһ죬ϾԼҲǱĵˡūǶԱߣվһӣ͵İôһ˵е㲻˼
չ˺˯£ūȥֻʣӣİˡ
İ絹ûȥԺֻ˵Ҫǰ鷿һ¶Ҫ
ҲЪġ
ӣҲ̫ˣ˼ޡ
һʮ죬һ첻ء
αطҪŽ죿
İȥǣֵߵԺſڣİ罫Լ˽ָӣ££񣬾ȥЪŰɡǵÿգү
ӣͷүҲۻˣ鷿ҲҪ̫
˻֮İͷӣȻȥ
ūǴӵһֱǰ̨ס
İתߡ
ߣӣվ̨ıӰźṬƵС̫ࡪһ·Сܸ
ƵĹһƬůλɫ
˯˯̫ĺǰҹˡ
ӣ˯ó٣ĸˡһҪ˯һ˯һˡ
ʱһ
̺Ҫ˯𣿡
ϵ̱Ĺĵģһ˵һСŽԭر
̱Ҳ·裬ɰˡ
ӣƤˣǻǺĵضЦЦˣ˵˵һ
һ˵һ߾뵽˽칬ıҡͺˡ
⺢˼ˣȥ档
ȻƵŤߣ˵Ҳȥҡ뵽Բ԰ׯкģô䣬Ͽ϶ˣȥ
ӣ룬ͣıҡĺȶȼģô˵棬Ǳ㲻ʵǺΣյġԲ԰ĳӣϾר¶ġ
ͦʧ
ӣ̧̧ͷŴƮƮµĶëѩǵ˯նԺѩˣô
ѩ˶ں硪ȻԶԶջҲֻƵشӦһСԴ촹ؿȥˡ
ڶİʱӣ¶һ˵Цž͵αطҪȺӱкѣ
ֱӾں԰ѰһƬյأȻˮá
һһ㣬顣
ϣһȦССγˡ


632 

һº翪Ļˣ
ŷҲ;ˣֱԼһմСܵܵĹ⡪Ȼܸźһ
İǱߣʢȥ˱ЬӴϡ
еıЬıرֱȽΣգǲܸСõģõⶼľƬģеɬɬġ
ȻٶȲܿ죬Ҳȫࡣ
ҷˣһɨƽﰲģӣǣ֣ϾʹСС
ӣû֣ȥһֱץŶӵ֣͸ϰƵģΧųرԵһȦһȦ
ںţЦҲ̫ƫˣôҲܹܶӣ
ͷźһЦֵѽ
һ֣˱ƽ⣬һģʱԱˤȥˡ
һ߿С̫Ͻ˵ڱϣ͸С統ӡ
ӶøһͷҲ˺ñӣֻûѱѾˡµĺȣˤһȥʲôƶ⡣
ӣڳرԵǣŶ֣һȦģʱ򱻺ˤȥͷһǣӸҲһΣˤȥúͺ籧һ
ĸˤ˸ʵʵ
ں棬Цˡ
ô˰죬ӣ޵óˡḶ́ͷҲð
ͻġ
ľͶԺˣۡǻȥɣ
ʵеδǸִִֹӡ
ô˵С֣ż˲ͷϵϸȥඣ
һֻסӣ֣һֻֽǣŸ磬ѸղĿ϶ʱԼһѩС޼Ҹ¡
ӣžȣѩ޷ɻġ
Сһͦţĸġ㿴ѹĿɽʵˣ
ĸһһ˵˵ʱҲǰ
翴ź棬£ߣſ͹ڵİ
ں԰ߵӣһ̧ͷþͿĸҲ
һûзֲ棬ӣźǹȥڵԣȻ͸
ĸĸˣͿһɫ˵ģǴ죬СȴĲź
ɡӣ
Ǹ䲻ȵ
ȵӣˣŵȥʲôˣ
ӣ˵İں԰ĸӵ¶
Ȼڵ߿ⲻǼС¶
ʱĴСȡߵĶġ
û˵ʲôȴܿĵصնҺͶи磬ղȥˣ
ӣɵޡ
ĸ̧ۿӣͿһЦݣһǣһС硪ߵĺͷԽԽߣ͸СƵġ
ۿſ϶ûܸˡ
ұߵĺҲܿɰ
ĸվһţһԶԶĹôܲأ
ջסʧ⣬ӣֺ˼䣬Ҳֻǲ䲻ȵӦš
ȵӣǱ߸ˣ羭ĸԵʱ򣬺Ȼһֵ̧С첲
͸ն
ص
ĸûӦѾһӲĶ
еʪġ
ͷһſץŵһѩޡ

ȥ·ϣһţһַס˶ĸ첲⣬̲ס͵նЩСʱ򻹲ãŵնǸɫα
ӣվסŲɫЩԺҪ˵ˡ
΢΢Ǽ⣬һµֲɵӣڰǰȻôԹֻΪƽﲻûô
ӣЦЦַںϵֶɲǿɫģƾʵ

û죬̫ڳˣ¶Ҳڽһ춼졣
ǺľͻˣһرˮԱߵĲľС
ʮ壬վлӣĸ˹ȥ͹˰
Ҳӣˡ
չСʱһЩϵʹˣ֮ĸУֱȸһЩûôܺӡ
ǵϥֱӣ뵽ΪѾĸˣҲˡ
ĸȥ밲ʮĸ·ʱ򣬵ӣ־˵һ
ȻͲˣʹ͡
ȻڹˣҲߣϾɫ˥Ѿûг谮ˣνʹͣҲǷʱ򣬹λǵĹ߳ʹ͡
ӣܾİ谮ģЩ˸ֺöǿʹͣǹľ͹лˡ
ܺͰְְһ˫Ӹϡ


633 

ӣ΢ЩȴˣЦ˵˼䡪ֻ˵Ǹиġ
ү˵⻰ʲôܲõģ
һ˵ţһӣֱ̾һĿӹĸĲӰ
ӣصҲˣתͷöˣԼԺźūǶһ顣
ūǱйټʹͣ˶ܸˣһԺӸรл
û죬ۿҪˣİ߷˽ȥ˸ԺӣΪҲҪˣѶҪǰõġ
ϾҪʱ͹ҪȵˣǾˡ
ʹȻҲ˵ˡӣϾˣѾԸ⴩ɫһЩѣ·ĵɫ㲡
İʹ͵鱦֮Ҳǵɫϵģ򿪽ϻһȥɫλõĺܡ
ӣŹһص߷ˣǸΧ³˰졣
Ȼ˴˻һۣСǷųһЩǷŶһЩÿ
ӣЩˣ˸Ƿ̾˿ɡ
ʵҲڸ̾һ䣬Ǵү谮Ĳร˵Ļ巿ŵöڿͷˡ

ת۵İӣΪĸӣ⡣
ʵ͸ģֻǰЩΪ˷̫ӵ飬һӣǼĬģ˭Ҳûв֪Ȥڻʰǰ¶
ۿŹ˼ˣ˰Ҳ⾳İ粻ٵȥ
ոĵһȣӣΪôŮĲร˳ҲᱻΪ
ӣէȻϢʱﵹû̫ĲϾִ˴Խϵӽǣ֪İȻҪǻΪϵġ
ҲʼΪĲ׼ˡ
İӵͬʱһϢ˳˰ӺȻԴһαң֮ǰ¶֮󣬱㱻ϴ˹ȥ
˵ϸһ˵ûʮֿġ
ͬʱڻ귨ߵʱ䣬ˣģ귨ĻԽԽ١
鷿СǣǰĽۺ͵ģʱͲÿЦһѰƶĺˡ
Ҳн죡
ȻϲӣóӶٻЩɥġ
Ǻʹǰߵ̫һ˳ˣڿﱲԵøͻ
һ֦Ȼƽɫ
ߵȻѽܡ
ӣۣڲ⣬ӵĸܺ״̬еһ¡
һ鷿磬ӣȥİ˵һúʹźԼԺ
ֻ˵ǺһûǣһòˣͺǺú˵˵
İȻܾ
ȵ͹ʱӣŶӵ֣ļ£տڲṬ飬ֻūһһкӶԵĲ˶
Ǵӣʵѹö˵ʲôոʱֻ̧ͷӴһӣ
ĸ˵Ļ;ڲˡ
û¡ͿŶĬĬĸԼʢвˣ۵ĸҪˡ
֪ҲԼܡ
γһТ˳
ӣȥְ˶ӵֱϣŰοĸܣҲһŲܡ
΢΢ʹ۽޿ŷ룬β̧ͷӣǺ귨ǿô
ӣ˵ɵص㵹˵˵Ǹʲôˣ
͵໪˼Ҳ࣬硪׽ӵıȷʵӣĵˣ⵹ǰ˰·ӡ
Ͷ˶٣żѵصǣ귨ǰԺ͵͡
ӣ껰еĲ
ϾѪ꣬ʤС
룬ūǶ˳ȥŵ귨֮𡪡ﲻ˼
˶٣ϣźĵصкüϲԵĲһһһ˲ãֻڲͬĽ׶ΡͬľвͬҪˡ
ӣһ˵һ˳־һСƩС㡪ɥʱЩ۵ĶԶ壬ʱС˶ҲǸȥӳġ
е˼üͷ΢һ£ĬŶ
ӣַڶӼϵúӣǶĽҪԼԼͺˡһŵģ㹻ģΪĲı䡣
ָӽ׷£㰢֪ˡ˵ף귨͵ģʵˡ
¶һ˿Цݡ
ͬʱ⻰ܾùֵֹġ
Ϊʲô˵ݡ·ƶ˵㰢һЦ󡱣

Ǳһ˳ͨˣӣ͸һ𱻽⡣


634 ߹ʱ

ⲻС¶ʹһϵж󵽲ҪõĽߵȣҪڵݹ
Сʲô룬ʲôʣʲôơ
ȫн
ڲҵ԰׵ĸ˵һˡ
ӺūǶæýŲء
ΪŮҲѾǴСŮĹùˣΪ˸ǵļƷҲ˺öΡ
ʲô׵ĵطȥǰ鷿ʢ
ȻٰϢݻȥͨ
һȥߵūűڵĹǺʱҲ˲١
ӣΪǲһĹǵ⻹ǵøãչźӣҲⲻڴˡ˵ʲôҲֻȫȻϰˡ
Խôĵ׵ĸĸɵۣԽûˡ

⣬ǱҲϢܸ˵ر㾫׼רض
Ҳû˵նǱߵⱸ˺ĸ
ӣĻͦˣűϾҲˣԼĸ׵ˣȻ
ö԰͹Ľзŵϣӣ뵽Ůģܰۡ
̵ľִ˺ӣʮСĺӣÿһ滹ͷµĲС
ɵҲä𣿡ӣЦſСӣͿԭ涼ԼŮСӡĻ
һСһС룬ʵĽţںһһŵš
ӣȵСѾһӾЦˡ

İʱصذóİ翴һչȦһ߸ͣһСĻԼĭǺˡ
İ纬Цˣһ߿һֵ󣬸űģôôģ̫뺢ˡ
˵˵žͰѻתȥˡ
ӣһ߰С·ã뵽Ů̵ġ
ĶҪˡ
ص˵ˣᶼڲأҷǲԺžǡ
İüĿᣬǺЦĬĬĶӣ˺һסӣ֣͵Լǡ
ţӣӣֻԺǱߣٴЩֶЩٴЩ
ֻҪһͷ΢ƽ⡣
ҲôలµؾȻ͹ôꡣ
öһֱ棬ҪҪҹȥϺСۣ͵ĴлһȥζƮվſڶš
Ǻܿ죬öǴЦ
Ȼб仯ˡ
öо˼Ĳĳūǻ˻֣ʾȥ׼ϴˮ

벻ǣĵóֱȹĹˡӦʱ仹Ҫ̡
һµĹ⾰ȥˡ
ߡ
Ҳ֪ǲǺڵεʱ˵ʲôŭ귨Ļ
߱ǣ⺢Ȼĺܣ뵽˰ȥУǨŭͷϡ
ʲôܶС
֮¿ʼҲû⺢ˡ
ͣʱڵıÿ⡪ó裬޲ƽ֮ɫҲֻ̹Ȼ֮ɾѧҵϰգ޴ͷɥ̬֮
ɲľȴǰˡ
Ӻӣļžա
·ʵеֿʽϾҲˡ֮ѵĸо˵Ϊһ塣
ټ鱦Ҳͻͦÿġ
ĵϣİߵĽģӸϵǶˡ
ȻҲ˲ٺ
帣ŵӹǸĸһѣȻӣ־͵ãϲ
ӣŸոմл˼䣬һƳۿ帣ߵĵӣһ⺢Ӷôˡ
ӡﻹһֱþǸСޡ
Ҳǣ֮ǰĻ̫ɥ͡SNһкʱҲӦðѶûµӸȢˡ
ٿһЩĻӦӶˡ
帣ʮรҲ񣬺ϲˡ
ۿԽԽ࣬ͿվˣʱҲ쵽ˣҲˡ
ĸԵøݹΪϵҲֻɫͼҲֻ
ڳڵУҲΪɫװɺ
˲źơ

Һַӵһǹȥ֮ӣѾǵԼ˶ٸͷˣֻͷԴϳصڳúʹ
Ϊ˶ׯȥһֱš
ӣתͷŲǰĸ
ĸ΢΢ۣ˫ϵ裻չĹâ
ëȻƲסеļ
ĸһнգ޺ı飬ӣףĸһô˿̾߹ˡ
һ뵽ֻĹ⾰ͽǱ֮ۡ𣬵ϻʺ֮λ
ĸ¡


635 󽫾

ʽ֮ūǶӣҲĿˡ
žǻ
֮˲ٺö˵ֵܣǲٵġİӣͰ¸ˣרŸ
ǰѾ۵ˣС¶òġİ
գЦӯӯ񿪲ģ
ӣǲϰߺүܾôһоͳˡ
ֻһ֡ү
İôһʣȻ磬ӣﻹֹˣĵӦ㰡
û꣬Ͳܺүúϡˡ
ʮ߰硢ʮ硢ʮơסɺ
߰硢ʮ˶ڻӰڸвǿģһηɺ񣬰˵ӦͦעĿġ
˵Ŀⶼʮİˡ
Ϊͬʱຣս𣺲̹Ѱ£𹥹ܡ
ڴע֮󣬲̹Ȼֳػٽ
νǻռˡ
Ǳߣʱ鿵ʵۣǲԮ
Ȼŭڲ̹ƣȴϾѸߣѹ
֮£ʮط_ΪԶ󽫾ຣʮ
Եģʮİ絽֮󣬵һ¾ǴΣ
ʮİ˰һʮֽã˰Ȼزᣬֻǵڸл͡
Ͼڵġ
ϻ˵ĺãɽڣûա
һʱ䣬ʮİʮ˳Ұ˽ĿͶ˰˰ʮİ硣
ǲֵܣȴʤֵܡ
ʮİ£Ҳвսľ飬߾ΣνǽһȽȽǡ
˽±ֹа˰ıԲ֣ǼʮİеıȨ˵׼ʲô
ֻʮİʲôʱˡ
ʮİּ⼫ˣӾǳһ·β;ͣصǳ
⣬ʮİ·֮󣬿صּຣصɹ󽫾һӣȻϸӦ󽫾ָʾ
׵ĸʮİˡ
ʮİߵһ죬ڹ۾ˡһǸ˵ģһǵġ
֪Ϊʲôľòͻţʮİ绹̫ᣬȻΣһ־ͷ˸󽫾
Ҫ֪֮ǰʮİҲһӰ
˵ȷдʸ񣬵һڲܳԳһӵĵ˭
ôƫƫͶһأ
ǵġ
İڹµ۷׷ףҲ˲١
ʹˡȻû˸ô˵ǻ˭óϲٳŵùһʮˡ
ǿܳţѾʮˣҲܷһλ׵̫ӻ¾ˡ
̫ӡֱ硭˰磬Щ˵Ľһ˳һ飬ųҲܿóȻĶճϣʣµѡѾˡ
˼ǣƫƫİʮİ绹ͬĸ
ǵĸǵ
İĻǵżԽˡʱҹʱ֣ӣȵĲУ˯ˣȻҹ˯ѵʱ򣬾ͷİ绹ڴ¡
ǰűīֻץֽ޳ָץĽġ˶ڷ
ӣû취ʷĶֻעģеÿһҪ߳
ȥѸİϡ
İó͵ز˹һͷӣŽӹѡ
ӣں棬һ߰ӣһ߿İͷϵİ׷Ӿġ
סİӣС˯ɣȻ˯ţ
İҲֻ֪ǹô˵ˡʵϻԼôҹ°Ӹˣ
ͷϵֽӵסӣļ򣬴߹ȥ
ȵ˶µʱӣ§סԴؿڲ˲䣬Ĳ˵ˡ
Ϣ㲻ˡһ£ôҲû˯ŵġ
ˣǱĿˡ
İһֻʶӣĴţɫ˪ӣ̧ͷܿİĲ档
İĬػĻǺԼֵ顣
ܶ˶ΪʮİΪӣΪһִȻǻ⽫λʮİ硣
ǽΪѡ֮һǵġ
νĴҲΪδڻʱƽ·ѡ
仰˵ʮİɹеע
ǡ
󽫾ȥǴ󽫾磬ʵƨûС
ϾǸ˾ķţȵ߹սƽϢ󽫾ķͷҲ͹ȥˡ
İɫ֮£¶һ˿ĮЦݡ


636 ֮زز

ӣһֱ˹죬Ӻ˵֪һݵģҢ
İµҢ
ӣһӾͻȻˡ
ʮİ˰缸ǹĽ飬¶ûϰʮȨʮİУвס
СŮӶôãѵʦɵô
ȻܽץݾǴİʮİԶǧ֮⣬ѹܺͰ˰ͨһ
ֻܶⶥ󽫾ñӣһ
ӣã¶ܿʦİκͱ
ǲᱣԼϿɵ˺µġ
ӾãʦԽǵԽϲһס
⣬󽫾¶ҲǶǵԼʮİڿ϶һ˼Ҫ¾սаһ
İ˾֣Ŭ
ͽž͵Ͼϣ⣬ҲͲ̶֮١
ĸĿһӣֵЩͺá
ͺĵصģӲ¶ġ
ӣҡҡͷ㻹ᣬ²Ҫ˵̫϶
˶٣ҲֻܿһˣҲΪˣûпһ㡣
ǰ˼ô׾ܲ͸ģ
ʮİôһȥҰµע--һʱ䣬λ󽫾ͷ޶
ǱߣʱʱľʹϢ
ǺϢ˵󽫾Ӣ˫ǻۣбϵĺܡ
صһһŤת
ɹǶԴ󽫾ĻӺ
ͬʱ䶼ʼʮİӢ䣬ʮİ籾Ҳɵ־˵ھпȵʡ£ȻֶɹŮҲȻЦɡ
ھһУҲֻһЦ
ϸϸʮİñ̡ʵ˿ָ㡣
˵ȻԶڻʳǣָӹ١
ҪȻʮİһսһսмվŵҲͲܸͣˡ
ھһ棬оŰ縺ĵطʮĵܣŰȻȫϡ
Ҳʮİս޲ʤһҪԭ
İԹۣľͿˣʰ˿ŵڳϱʮĵܣֶϵֲֻԣֻһζĽͶƵʮİϡ밵ʾе˿ǱߣֻʮİڣѾץá
Ȼ벻ʮİ磬ʮİӦһֱפȥ
ʺϵλá

İ뷨ûв´תۼ˳ϦѾ˿ʮ괺ĺʮİȴʼûٻص
һλĻӣȻаٰܣֻҪõĴ߽ʼջز˾ԶȨģҪΪ̫Ӿǳ롣
ʱţİԽԼжϵ׼ȷԣʰҪʮĵܵĻһЩ֮󣬾Ϳ̻ˡ
оټϸһ̧٣Ϊ̫ӣҲǲܡ
ǻʰʼûκζ
˼

ã֮΢߶һϱҪһ㱡
ˣۿžҪȥˣİҲ˰ᵽԲ԰
ӣҲϰˡİİǨͻϲƵʣȥ˳԰ҲȥԲ԰
ȵתˣϽǣİ˳µľͻˡ
߱ϾܵĶˣþƷһӦȫټϺڴһ㣬СʱôôӣҲ˲١
ûǰƵĴ£סɡ
ոԲ԰ס˲ʮ죬ĸˡ
񡢶񶼻ʡˡ
ܾúܾûˣӣҲС֪֮Ǳߵ׹úòãһйû˳
ŶǸӣټ֮ŮݣӦǲܱ۸ġ
ȵҴҵ˸Ժȥİ͸ѾˣͶڸնͷ
ͱסӣ
ӣŮĺģʾձϾǵնҲҪһֱԼߡ
ԵնеغҲҪ
ʹĺһСָ첲ţӣ溬΢Цſţ뵽Сʱ򣬺һģ

һתۣѾ任һˡ
ͷӣ۾ʱҲɡ·Ǽ˵ֹ⡣
˲١ǱԭʱҪݡ
ϵʧ֮沿оȫˣױݣ۲˵ʱ򣬵˵ĸо
һֱڣûкϢ
ȵ˶ˣİȥ滻ѵʱ򣬴ԱߣֱԼĺӣĿڶݵɨ˼ȦЦǺǵıýҲüӼˡ
ƣõŮôˡ
еһ̧ͷĿʮֲƵӭ˻ȥ


637 

Цţ㲻ĽĿѹ˻ҲΪá
Դӳ֮󣬱һֱûкӣʹĺĺаߣǿɬ
ĸԱߣɫȴһ
˵ĵ⣬תͷһƳĸɫͷſһ¡
⣡ô˵նһֱ
м䣬Ŀ⸴ӵؿ˿ֿ˿ĬĬվȥվ˶ߡ
ӣһ۴΢ЦŵģԵֵ¶綼Ҫģż
ͬĸŶĿ࣬öԼŮ˲ˮ΢
ǲʹ졪նรάŶ

ȵİʱ䣬ȴǸӣĸŮ۵ġ
İŮǵʹѾǰ͹ˡ
ȻõĶ࣬ӣϾо飬۹΢ɨһȦͿˡİٱȶһ
ӣԺҲˡ
ӣ׼õѺƷϸŮ߾˵ɫ㣬Ǵ˿϶ÿ
ϲ㲻ϲˣ
ƺ²ߣ˵ʲôʲô
һӡ
ӣǱղϯϵĻ˵ˡ
⺢ҲǱϿŴ֣ʵԴɥĸ֮С˼Ѿࡣ
û취˳ɳ
ҲǶʲôĿڵʹȥ
ӣŶ΢΢ͼıӰЩۣ̲סҪο⺢Ӽ䡣
룬ǰѻȥˡ
㰲οأҪҪӡ˼ҷ˽¡
ǳҲȥ̽
ǡ飬ȥƺò졣
ȵǱѶˣŶлӣ־ͰӸлʲôǵġ
ַڶļϣ˵ĸǣŮˡ⺢һֱŽж档
Ͻ͹ȥŮˡ
ӣе㲻ģȥһŮĻֻС֣Цı࿪ˡ
ŲɵҲЦˡ
ȵصӣŶ͵һҲôˣʵһֱǣúܡ
ߴսһЩ
ûȴһǵĶ
ӣūţʶ񣺡ӹû˳ô
׹һʯͷһ춼˵
ãų̾һܽһô
ӣȻ۾е㷢ᣬĺףԼ˽ˣоͽаɡ
ֽ߬ӣŰѳ׺龰˵һ顣
ԭİĶ佫ҳҲһ˲ţҷҲǶס
ǾΪ̫ˣЩľګͷӵʱҲ簲ǰ
͸Ҫ˵ƽˡ
ӣίصѹͲϲң
еС˼ⶼֻܲ᱿׾ľګһһһЩҳ
һ컹ãһҲ̡
һͷ·һƬɺԵ
ԣ񽥽ҲͲôԸͬ׽ˡ
ӣͷ˷ϵ鷢ŵС
ҡҡͷ˵ƷǺõġ
οŮŸոռ޹ȥô꣬бŮӡ
ӣ룬ʶƽ֮ʱΣ
˵΢΢¶һЩЦݣ˵ǰֻЩͷʹҹߣԼһҹһҹסˣǶȥϢǼֵš
ȵĲתԼҲһȦ
ӣűҡͷȻʧЦɵӣ⻹вϲ㣿е˾ǿ׾һЩˣؼҪʲô˵ʲôһû㣬Լģܸܳġ
棬Ů˺һŮ˵Ͷ˵强ء
ȥͿɫ泩࣬ϻۡ
ȥӸ˲㣬ǻ˵Ĳ㲻Ҫϣʱûкӣ㻹ҺͶأȥǶ棡
˵ţԼŮǰúﺰ衣
С߬СȭͷòױһһˣˮҲˡ
ſţ̲סЦ˳
ӣˣǺŮˮȸϴױüͷҲˣһ¡
ö棬ֻ֪Ͷ˵ȥˮʱ򣬲ŷֶˡ
öе㺦¡֪ʲô£ǿģҲŰ


638 ֵ

ϵʱ򣬺Ƕȥˡ
ΪԵ̫࣬ӣϲ̫θڣֻһ档
ϷŽƻƵļ嵰ϴѵĻƹ˿ˬڡ
İζҲɵʳָ󶯣žһһ档
ʣµĲȫ͸̫Ůǡ
ʵ̫춼ˣͷ촽û֪
ʳǳԵʱʹ죬Թ֮󣬲һֻöˡ
ӣСΪ˻ҹĸУİͣˣҲ׳֣
ϲʱ˵һл˵ŮǵĻ£İȵ˹ɥ͡Sǡ
˵⣬ͣٲԡ
顣
İ֮ԳٳһֱûиӣΪƼ˻ʰԺ͵̬ȡ
ϲһнȥҲͰˡ
ò޾ϸԶŰɣ
ֻûְֵԽˡ
̬ȣİԼһ޴Ĳ²
̻Ѥã

ӺĶӺֵõ˵ĳ谮˶֪гһӺӣĻ˭
İҲڿ¶ˡͺͺSһ쳤ˣȵ濪Ȣޡӡ
ǳ׵׵Ĵˡ
ͬȥӰһȥʱһͬһ鷿ĺֵܣǽľͱζˡ
꣬ȵͺͺSٳһЩ֮ദ΢
׵ڿǣӣӣҲ˲١ȻSͺͷһȻǳӣռϵƣҲûа㾺
ϾȻǲรSĸҲһǲร
һλŭİĲร
Ǵз˵İҲѽܺS
źͣպǰ;Ҳкܺõǰ;
ӣ뵽뵽񡪡һ·ȥˣҲǸеˡ

Բ԰Ƴ
ȻͻСԶԶûеͽ鷿ʱ򣬵İΪʦľͷȴһûūŹͰСӸǰ鷿ȥ
ȻСͿʼ֡
л㱵ģ·ͻص˵̺дֵʱ
⺢ӻǰϡȻҲдԶûճ֪ˡж棬ǼȻװˣҲͰĸѧ
ˣЩƣˣҲֻš
ӣֶԷ⺢ӵԸ綼
кǿʲô¶õѧӣһɱƴ
Ȼһˣʲô¶ܺŪһһ죬׵ɵ
鷿ҲֻǵԷ磬һӣιȥˡ
ںеÿһҪ
ýм䡪Ҳ㰲ݣȥʲôǱĶҲзʶ־ܡ
֮ʱİӣûкߣ̫ƣԲ԰˲Ϸӡ
ֻ˵ĸյʱ򰮿Ϸû񫣬ԲŰЩϷٽн
ӣžȥˡ
Ϊİ粻Ϸ̨£Ϸϵѹ΢СһЩһ˼죬һЩŮӸĺϷ롣
̨Ͽ޿䣬ĲС
·ȻϣȻ˽ζĸ۾գˡ
ȻȫϷеȥ
ȣū˱ͰԱߣӰ͹ӣ
ӣ˸ͰֱԼԱߡ
͸ĵ
ں棬һ߳С͹һߺһ֦¶ͷرСһһΪ˷ֹ֭Ūѡ
֮ҲصС˺һȵ˲Ŷ˹
żԵڵһӣͺһ֦¶һҲ⡣
Ϸ̨ϣǰһϷˣһϷѦƽ˵Ĺ¡
һݣҲİ졣
ӣ֦¶أͻȻĸȻͷ΢΢˲۽ǡ
֪ǱжˣͨŮ˹뵽Լ
ӣĬĬشۡ

죬İʵ⼸쿴Ϸ顣
ӣЦž˵һ
İ纬Цţ˵һüɫӣߵ
ӣո£ͱİ§ˡ
ģӣ̲סһ£İ𶯡
ôһ˵ӣȻľͲˣôĽԼ§ڻ
̰ղİû֮ǰһöԼͷһ߾ͽͰԼﱧ˺һ
İոսʱöŵøϽѱͰˡ
İǱġ
İӵź˵ֻһƬ
Ʈҡδۻ϶ʮİפ֮ʲôĿǣӣͺǣҲ;ԼҲһء


639 

ϴ˺Ϣˡ
˵ǰڷӦأ춼µĳԲ·ֻŻˮ
̲֮࣬סĶȥ˺üΣִ˲иԵζ㣬еʱһԾͿθġ
Ƕȫ³ˡ
ǰ漸£ȵﶬ֮ʱ򣬶̥Ҳͽȶˡ
⻹һı׾࣬ÿ춼Ŷ
Ŷӣӣ˵ĻʱžͲɵó
ʮȫʮ֮£Ҫ涼ƾҲͲһŮˡ
ﻹйء
ǱߡԴԼСҽ򣬺Ҳ֮ĸܵľˡ
͸˵ˡŴظҲһ㣬ܶˣڱҪ֮ʱ͸¶ˡ
ĸƣʱ߶֮ʱԼնûεľչˣ΢
˭֪һǣ
²۵öˣʱӣȥ밲ʱҲĸô˵
ӣĬĬţΪֺõĸԼĸڲ˵ʱ򣬸͸ÿһЩˡ
ѡˡ
νԸķ䡪Ƕ˻£ÿһʷͶʣӦѪ޹׼
һлرҲûôˡ

Ϊ˴ĶԱȣĸһƬģм˲ٶ˵òײŻϣҪúõʱ
ͷӣǱߣҲͲñܻˣһЩ̲ҩģһЩС޽ҪõĶ
ȵ֮ǰӣİ˼صȥһˡ
ūǶȥˣӣĸ첲ͺ
£ɥӣ
Ҳ֪Ƕ˵ʲôӣ˵˼䣬žͲµӦһЩµĻԼӵʱҲѹء
ԲŽŵĲС
ģ㿴ãͱ㻹СأҲúõ𣿡ӣ§ο
ʵҲЩ˵һ㲻ǼٵģϾʱҽޡ
ġӡȫԸ
·ǧҲ̫࣬ŷܰѺ̫󡣡ӣһָ˳źģһ߾
㰢꣬նﶼǣ㣬¡ƣιĲٶնһôء
ӣһ˵һ߾ūŰѴԲ԰Ķ
񿴶ûһֻۣǽرסӣϣһ죬ܲңҺ£
ӣͷŵᶼˣǷս֣ͷãȥͬ㰢˵˵ڣ¡
ⷬ˵ˣ˲Ŷʶһѹûȷ
ֻܴŵȷһʱ䷶Χ

ȵصԲ԰İʱӣͰѶ˵ˣǺµĺܣ磬ߵʱһѱһֱأҲζ
İžͳĬˡ
ӣ˵ҪӣϾѾˣ㡭
Ͼǣ˸Ů֮飬İ̧̧֣̾ĴȣȻ˵үҲóǺֻ㣬ҲǵԵ֡Ҳգ浽ʱչհա
ӣ͸лˡ
İ綼ûĶȥһ־Ͱˡ
ϺЦƺһʲô¶ƵôˣɵҲźЦҡҡͷա
ʲô֪ģ
ӣˡǻ˱ֲԼĺӣ˭ôôࣿ
鷳ô
ƫƫҲӦˡ
ˣټôһ͸˭ֲúϧأ

ת֮䣬Ѿ˿ʮĩ
ŶʼӡˣҲżӭĻգɥ̾ƼҲԭôţ･һƬ
ʱҲѾˣĻѾˡ
ǽ鷿ˡ
İǱߣѾݹӣһжźˡȵ꿪鷿ȥ
ãȻ֪ʹ࣬ÿ컹ֵߵߵĿĵĺܡ
ӣʱȥŮͶʱҲźһš
С˵ġ⹬ʹ᲻ʲôȤΨжӣ˾ʹ顣
ӣÿζūȥһ
ֻ׼ܳԡĲ
ʵȥооҲʱѽҪʲôˣһ𻭡
ӣӶСֱʿˮСԴͰο
ɣɡ
һֵĺˡ


640 Ƿ

ȵ˸ӣʿʡ
˶ǳгյģȻѲǡ
ؼǽ֮󣬻ٶȡһǧǽѻͼҲͻˡ
ȥһǽţҵһӣʿ
ʿƨƨߵľͿͷȻȥˡ
ǽĹ̺ܼ򵥣޷Ǽˮȡ
õˮԼӿϵٶȡ
ȵȫϾ֮ٵһֻмȣСһ߰һڹ߿ţؼǧܽ衣
ȵǽðݶܷʱ򣬾˵Ѿˡ
ʿһƾһС̫ȥš
ӣ֮ÿǽպһ£ȻѸٷŽԱ߱ŵˮ
ֻһ˲䣬óǽǴġ
ͱʾǽѾɹˡ
ūѾ̺ãɾǩҲѾãӣ룬СͿʼ㵹
һֻСľȻģټūԱߴʺƨӣЩʱ򣬺Ȼһûƺá
ǽбˣʱСͱˡ
ӣ̾һ»һС
Ҳ֪ǲ̫ļζûгɹ֮£ӣֻøĳ˻
⵹ײ١һһ̵ȥٶȺȶ׿ơ
ò׻һ䣬ӣֻԸһԱߵöֿľͽǩѹȥ
ȵȵ΢͸һ㣬ƽ׹ߣһһ使εĵѾˡ
ӣˣȥѺ纰
ƣ˵ԼҲûƭɣ̵ľͰĵݸˡ
翪ĵúܣ˾ͻԭת˸Ȧ͵ߣݺݵľҧһڣóԣ
ôһӣĳɾ͸мֱ
ɾ͸бĺǡѪһӾʮˡ
ôˣȻһӳ꣬öȥԲ׵Ĵѣð˸Ӷ档
һһȦ
翪ĵúܣһһǸֱӣ겼õĴû꣬͵¶һɥı飬صԼСȥˡ

չ»û꣬͢оͳһС飺ֵ֡ͨķгײ
ʵҲһ¶ˣֻأŷӡ
һϾϵ˿ʮꡣ
йԱܻߣͨһ˽˲٣İعԱ¡
һæһ¡İ粻ڱﳹ飬ܵͨݣ̲ɵ
Ӻѹûȥ
鲻ҪһȻץһ̰۵ĹԱ
Ѱ̰ҲͰˣ˭֪ϸϸһ飬Ȼ˺;Ű磬ʮѲ˸ϵ
ǵһŰ磬ǺôãһΣʮ綼ˮˡǬ幬Уİʵۣͳص̾һ
ΪҲԤеԼ޽ϵĿɱĴ󳼣±
İǱߣÿ˵Ѿµ˸ʵ˼
ʵЩ¶ѹðڵ˵
ЩİδǸͷĻӣȴʵʵڻʰߣܻʰεĻӣѾˣʰЩ̰ǣǰչְϼ¡
ЩС̰ٶôˣֻ۱ֻˡ
ʵʣŰƲһҲۣİĵǲԸûʰ괦ʮġ
Ƿʮһ顣
ǰ꣬ʮ֮ܿƹޡɹšº󣬱һֱͳ֮µĻڡپϮѵȡ
඼ǻ׹ݡҾޣԭ£⼸꣬챻̧졣
Ҳ˵İĸȫ¡
˵ǿµּİĺܣûʮĴٳɺһ·̵ƣ¶ô˳Ѹ١
Իʰʱ򣬶һ̰۵¶ҲֻǱؾᣬ漰ʮĵط赭д
ʰҲԸϳͣαز˳ˮأ
İ̬˿⡣
ôֵ꣬УĺĿİžŰ硢ʮ¶̬ȣĹ֮飬һά
ͬһ¶Ĳͬ׶Σͬľ¿ȴǽȻͬġ
ֻӾðοˡ
󣬿ֻ˲̰صĹԱİ˳һϸ˳ƶȡ˵ǲִ¹عֻһζķֹ̰ۻ
ҪԴͷжϡ
ֻҪõõǺĹԱǵдģҲ޴ˡ
ͣ岡ʹԼͷ֮ʱİԲ԰Ĵˡ

ۿŵ˴米˶ָСƨƨߵ׼Ÿһȥ鷿ˡ
İǰ鷿ӣҲһ˹ӡ
СĹӻǲ಻̫ҲСޡ
Ӻүǰǲҷǵİһߣֹ˼գǻˣмӣȥ͸㣬棬Ķ;Դµˡ


641 ҹ

ˣС̫ǸϽ˹ɵȥ֪ͨ簢磬Ҳ˹ֺӣȥԱЪЪ
׼ˣӣöͽˮ
֮ӣͲҺ̫ĶˡҲ֪ǲһ̥Ӹˣֽǵ˶വ쬵ġ
ȵĲˮһ͵ȵˡ
ûȻЩҰˣʱͷ϶ϸɫҲ˵ģվǰص
ӣ۰ĸӲ˲ŵϾҪ鷿ˣ⼸ǰ鷿ϰ𣿡
翴ϰŵĸ㣬ֽһ͵ˣ˽ӣ˵ˡǷȲ͸磬鷿У
ӣһʱתһ룬ӾȻôֱ׵ذ뷨˵
ֱԼƽʱǲ̫簮Сĺˣ
˵硣ӣְѶԼǰǺԼ뷨ҲۣҪףҲһˣԼ뷨أ
һӾͱסˡ
ӣסӵ֣ɻƣ鷿ԼﵱҲô𣿡
۾ϸ룬ǵģʵҲú飬Ҵдĺء
ӣһϽͷôʱ㰢עֻں͸ϣԺЩͬˣҪһ㡣
ص˵ͷ

米Сȥ鷿ˡ
ӣ˺ͺüΣŵܵܣúõĴϽǧҪǺݶ֮ͽ
ѧϰºǧǧ¶һ಻һܵõǲʱ;һõġ
Ƕ߹ˣӣԺذ
Ϊչ˶ӵһȥ鷿磬ڷַˡ
ӣصϾ˯˸֮ƵĻһѣȻɢš
ﻹϷ̨ӡĸϲû˲
ϷӲȥʱô֣˼˵Ĺ
ӣں԰ŵʱ򣬾ǱһƬ̣ݺò
ĸˡԼʵ̫֮ȱĲҲֻȥϷĹһԲĽ֣ŷ򳪸棬ٰü
ӣվں԰һߣһСˮĸϷǱٹ仨԰ģҲˡ
תͷضūǵȥɣ˿Ϸ
صԺİǰ鷿ǱѾ紺ʻϻžӨ¶ˮ˻ƿʮƯ
ӣǳһڱţһ˵ķҷ㡣
ô
ͻūЦŽ˵ⶼȪׯģ֪ϲʻүصȪׯ￪һƬأררŵʻ
⻹ֻǸͷأ·ݵʱ򣬻зƽ
ӣžЦˣŻҲã⺢˵ݣ˳־ʹС̫ࡣ
С̫ǧлˡ

Ȼܿ쵽·ݼ䣬ƬƬĻ˽еժʱΪ˱ʣϻ
ӣԻһͼֽùͼֽϵģ˺ôһƬӡ
Ȼˮʻ⻨ϣԱԵֿ
İ紵Ժʻ㣬Ҳɵÿ˼䡣
ӣĸ첲ӣ˰Ѿ׼õŶ
İһظģӣҲףʵǰԼһԴ
滺ĵġ
ɴ죬ʲôҲû˵ʲôҲûʡ
ʺ⼸ڹ鷿ıֺòã뵽⻰һֻİ뵽ϵ顣
ӣҲֻˡ
ţİֻ˵ʹϴ֮ӣվСľӾͰ
Ƭ̹米ϵļ⣬ֻô֮Ӳĺܡ
ȫûз
ү̫ˡӣҡҡͷ̾һСľӡ
šİְסֱֹ

֪˶ãİ΢΢ۣ֪Ѿ˯ˡ
һ˯òȡ˼ҹΣİҹ˼جΣ˵λ
һء
òɡʮİһֱزϵϺҲɵģٿ˻˼
İģ˫۾š
һŷӾѾװӡ
ӣߣָ˲亹
֪һһ˭뵽ͷϵĺ鶼ܰմʪˡ
ӣĬĬ־§סİοš


642 

µף;۴Ͻǰᵽ˳԰С
İʱƵģ͸ŰᵽԲ԰
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˭뵽ӺȻĸһ㣬Զά

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Ρ˵ɨˡ
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һƽӣǱ˵Ҳʮָˣ֮Ȼ̽˺üΡ
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Ѿͣ˵󹬣Ҳ㣬ԡѡŮҪ֮С
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ӣԲ԰֮УȻҲԲյ˺üţ͸ЦԷˡ
ЩżһһⲻȽһԼŵڼ
ȻȻҲܺӣĸ̯ߴð˴̵Ĺϵ
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ӣΪʲôЩżĸˣƫƫĸĸأ
İһѣӣĸ׵ĲŷӦЩƼԼ׹ŮҰ

ƴ
İԱߵһЦҡҡͷ͵ھż
ʱ˶ԵЩˣӣŮǶ֦̲
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644 

ȵһλԵոմüĿҲ͵һһȵİˡ
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ӣѾӺˣͬǰĲรһķΡķΡŵĳһ
ǰ죬Դ
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ǰҹҹҲھ֮С
񣬴ϲƵѣȻеˡ
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ӣе㲻ţԼһɵˡ飬ݵʣһͣ³´лǻ
ǵԼԽǰҲǳԲֵģǹ˾һƯ㣬춼ǿġ
Ǹʱһ߳Ե磬һ߰ʳݹȥȰǸǰҪֻҪϱҹͲֵģ
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İͷһۣӣϥԱߣϡ
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кǺܶµľ͸񣬺ͼ˺NҡҡԣһЦ
İһƫƫ尢ҪĸУǺٶȡ
һNʹӺˡ
һǶ˱ʯ쳣ڵӣУþߣƵȥ
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ͱϱʯĹԴһۡ
Ťͷȥ˳־ĺNļ򣺡Ҳã˹ˡ
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ͿһӣŤˣˤȥֳסεã
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յãǵıϣɵ뵽ǰ
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645 Ǹ

ȵ˳԰ſڣ˽ӡ
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646 ү

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͸ͣǴ͸İ硣
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˼ǲҪӣˡ
ӣû˵ʲô˸תˡ
ۿϵıӰԽԽԶϵϲö¶һ˿Цղ⻰Ҳ˵ʹ죬ѡ
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İҪĲչˣضĳŮ˵չˡ
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٣Ҳ֪¡
뵽ǰһӣطG²ҹչԼһƬѩǻ۵ġ
û˵ʲô˶̫ҽԲ԰İ縴ԼʹҩĲƷ֮⣬úʹȥһϢǿʮˡ
ǻ죬ҪҲɻȱһǰʢ
˼ǣԼಡԶʢ
ڻУΨİɵΡ
ҪİطGԼǰ¼
Բ԰УϢİһǿ롣
һʱ䣬ҩȵһ㡣


647 ý

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ȻҪᣬʾԻϵТģȻϼƴǣʹ飬һټ֣󣬻Ϊѽܡ
·
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󣬿һת˵Լϣûȥʢֻɰȥȡ
λνİȻİˡ
ʵʹ˵ܶҲܲµϾûϿغεģҽڻߵģҲֻλӺˡ
İΪ֮ǰѾ֪ĻϢʱһƬϲ֮Ҳֻϲֲֻ̿ʤӡ
֪Ѿ׼˿ˡ
νʢָ꣬峯ڹޡ
ֱǸꡢꡢꡣ
̫Ŭࡢ̫ڻ̫ԼŬԶ档
ʢԶİһ˳ȥȻǼ棬ҲûдͲˡ
ӣԽǰȥͱεģصҲеԲ԰һ˳д㣺ǰִĻ߰ٹӡ
ߵǸٹ·
ǻµƲ·Ȳ˵·ͺѰѿˡ
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ټ·ϢȵȣûжʮǸܵġ
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þͺڼǴ£֮İһἱڸϻؾ档
ʢ˶졣
űպīֽȦȦ˺һᣬӣȻʶԼʵǱȴǰİˡ
߻һ˵Ϊ֪ý㣬꽫вС

ʱ䣬ӣԼҲû뵽Ȼ˳𾭡
İǰ˲ٷ𾭣ȴֳɵˣֱӴ¾С
𾭵İ壬һһĳдУܽġ
ԽдԽζ
ӣһ鳭ţֻһ֣һ߸İͺˡ
ȻдЩᣬԽƽ
ǰ죬İһӵķ𾭣ЩȣȻתһ׹ˡӣ¡
ڵ
ҹʱ֡
ƽ֮΢Ϣһ£ūˮ֮
ϴ£İֽӣͷߵ޷οģүܿͻ
ʢҲûôԶ
һ˳ȥûд϶ӺͣǰѺ˾֮С
浽

ȥʢ֮·ϲ죬İյ˵ܱʮİ类ٻˡ
յŵʱİոմﻻϣ͸͸
һչֽֽд֮Ŀڱ͵һָɵһս
˻һԭͣ
ϵǻΪǳʲô¶ҪΧ£ȴİɫƵĻ˻֣еֽ˻
µؼ·ˡ


648 ϲ

ϣ󲿶פʱİңһ˷д˺һ
˵ȥʢȣŻʰޱȵ뿴أôʮİؾǵʱ䣬Ϊƫƫѡڹϣ
Ҳ̫Щ
İڵƻ½üͷŬԼҪ̫ࡣ
ʰ԰ΪһҪǵǻʮ죬µҲ˲ơ
ˣȻһǣ
ʮĵܻؾҲѡ
뵽İԼȰסԼˡ
͵վⲽ˼Σ˱ʡ
ʢźԱߵģүˣ뻹ǰˡ
ϵư͵дȻࡪ۾ƻҲ
İȻҪдȻǼˡ
㵢󲻵á
ʢǸдţǿŸоֲ
д˴żֽ֣㻨ţİ翴˺ü飬ܷ

ʮ죬İ£ȴʮֽơ
ʢһ·źţľͿү߳ˮݡ
ĸ
Ǵѹȣ˵ȥ͸ȵĳˮˡ
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ڣڵʮ죬󲿶ӵִʢ
֪Ӻǰ꣬ʢĹԱǺйصĹԱڳ⣬غţһ·ŹӭӺĵ
İȴûʲô˼ֻܿЩջص
ʮĵѾ˴󲿷ƽѵҵ˺պվʰִǰ
ʮİھһ죬֮Уֻĸһ졣
˭Ҳ²ϻʵ۾ʲô˼

Բ԰ӣҲ˵ʮİؾϢ
Ϣ͵Զʢİˡ
Ȼ֪ǻһİ磬ǿʦƫƫİȥʢ˹ͷʮİٻǡ
⿴ȥͺǰһߣȻûһٻˡ
Īľһ֡ĸо
ϵɣûʶʲôףڸЩӣƽľñİڵʱҪ졣
ӣ뷨ϾϵĽǶİѾ֮
Ѿ۷ˡ
ǳ㡣

ʢļʽϣİ粻֪ΪΣʶһڤڤ֮С·Լδһһ˼ĳصϵ
İջ˼ĿͶǰꡣ
ƺһ˫˫Ĭ۾ע
ϣ΢΢ת棬ڵصĹԱǣȻ뵽ʱ򣬻ʰ׳꣬ԼӰǵһȥʢʱľ
ʱʢѾ¶󣬾һǧңָζĶɫСԡɽ졢꣬ˡ
·ϣİӱʾдһʫżĸʰ꣺ɺɹʥТǲ΢˾ʤ¡ڹڣԡ
дһ䡰ڹڣԡİ±ʣֻǧ˼

Уոչ˶ڣİˡ
ûʱ򣬾ѾһϢʮİֻȥˡ
ʰٰޣ˵˴󽫾ػʮİ޵ֻȥˡ
˾ǰߵģİǰŵĹϵ
İһЩĻû׼ھ滹ء
İϢһ˲漴ͷ֪ˡ
ϵҲûʲô
˸ʱʢһжƽʱûİƫƫһȿգһ¡
ŵʢϽүĸ첲סˡ

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İǼȥģһ˻ȻֱܾԼ԰ӡ
Ҫ꽻һ
һֱ˰ʱ֣İӹˡ
˺S͡硣
ĸкǡø鷿ѧĵ㣬Űһȫˡ
Ѿ԰ǰţİ˵ӭȥϥ͸İ
İһɫְ˳԰
ϼɫãΪǶԼģɵܳ
˵˼仰ŷ֡İرǣ˴϶¶͸һɻϲľ
ôޣĵģǵһμء
Ͼã϶İһμɵر˹︴ʱǰҲ˿佱ˡ

ǰ鷿΢Ϣһ£һѣİӣȥˡ
һ£


649 

ӣԺոţڿſⷿƷӡ
Ȣ׵ʱѾˣڽ£ǴĻҲֻʣˡ
鶭ϣŮϣǴû˵ģֻİĻϿϾͻСʱĶطʵ󿴵ó
ǺѾ㹻˸Ȣ޵ʱˣˡ
˵İѾԼ߹ˣӣеƷӣȥſӭš
һȻԶԶľͼİӰ
Ȼŷֱ£˿Էӿһʮζ

ȵūǰѴʢĶһһ̧Ժİᵽ˺͵顣
ʢһ£æˣҪǸȢˡ
˵ⲹһ䣬˵ʮһ磬鸮ĵշ˻Ůһȥ㡣
ӣر뿴Ůӣʱ跨ǰ
ۼ̫ԣҲΡ
ӣžͶġȥϾǻϵˣʵǿʲô

תۼѾʮš
˵Ҳɵúܣǰһ죬ѵõشŮϸĸ밲˵ǹ֤ùλӣԽǰ㣬Ĥݣȫƽ
Ҳģӣûȣ˵ԼҲһȥ
صشúۣܲӴҲ٣Ҳֻһ԰صġ
鸮ʮֺñϵġͣ棬ֻ΢Сʱ͵ȵˡ
ӣӣԶԶֻһۣȴ羪档
Ȼϱ͸ǴӵţͷҴҶȻȻԿ毺õݣֹ֮䣬ׯš
ǸƯС

ͺͺS׼Ȣס
ΪǰйɥԵʣ׵Ļر࣬еǽõͣеǰ汾Ҫ׵ģѹ
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ⷿﶼǺöİʹ͵ģٲڵĸкʹӹʹͣҲύ
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ǺS˶ˣȥֽ½ĿͼȥĿ˺ü顣
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ˡӻֶСӵ
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»ҲûҪ͵ôء
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СۡôһͷԵ͸ϵ̫ˡ
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СĻҲӺġ
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һŮźӣ֮ھǰơֹ쳣ǲϸߵĻЬѹͳŲ
°ڣͿɨˡ
ȵ棬۽һƬϲɫԣϲ֣Ѿжʮˡ
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ȵǰ棬鷿ʱӣ̲סתͷԶԶ
鷿Ŵͽˣõб£յ
ӣȻͷ·һ˿·ӻ鷿飬ֻǴǰõеĳһ졣
ʧһ˲ūѰǰѾæòɿˡ

תۼѾȥࡣ
ϱżӣϲСԲԲģһֺӵϣžгۡ
˵ʱϵ̱Ĺĵģӣžһ
ֱĸġ
ͻû𶭶ϣȹȥСˡ

Ҳ¹⾰ѾС
ǰʱǰĻǳһ¾ͻˡ
ӣûϵӵٶȾȻ֮죬Ͻϸ׼˴СĲƷ˸ȥ
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ӣ뵽ʮ£һ
ûмǴĻʷϵĿʦʱ䣬Ҳס


650 Σ

˺ͣӣŮУ಻ʡǽʳūͳȺչžУΪɷҲҪЩ
͵û˵ʲôڶǰһһӦˡ
ӣЩģȥ˶ϣһοֻ˵ʲô£Ƿ޼ʲôģֻ͵͵ĸ˵
ϾǼ޵֮УϱǲڼӾѾˣﻹ˶Լ˵Ļ
ؾƲҡ

˸ӣΪ˻ûӣʼÿˡ
䣬Ⱥů裬ϵĸҲĵģһҧȥ̻ƶɳǹ̵ġ
һתۣѾ˿ʮһꡣ
Ȳؾٰһǧ硣
һѾʮˣⳡǧʵҲΪԤףʮ١
ӣǵһξٰǧǿʮꡣ
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ող紺ʱڣͶȥ˳԰
֮󣬶ʱȥİԲ԰ͻ
ҲŶϻˡ
ϾԼϲһãʮֻϲһɨԵĶѾУˡ
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ϥ䲻ȥ
ӣԱ߿Ķˡ
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˵ǰٻҪЩɵĻȴǺζİκ׽֮ˡ
ʰˣİȻ޻ϲֻǿϺӣ--ˣǰҲɵ
һȫͬ
Ľ--ڻߣ档
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ÿһദܳʱ䡣
ͬ硢尢ҵĺӶѾӣƫƫںͣȴһǰĻⶼûİǰ

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֮ǰļ¼Σʧ飬ͷ׵Ŀ״ԽԽ
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ӣ֮ǰ˵ƺԷǰ־ͽϺӡ
ʵǴʱˡ
ʱרʼԵԳͽϺӣλþԷһʱɴˣô
˵вľףɽ
ĩսңϺӵĵλҲͽСˣһֱ峯ϼɣųڵԷ
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ҲΪԭķر࣬ϡƷ֣ľΧҲδеģȴв١
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칭ִì衣
ۻѾãһιԷһǲϣһΪ֤ԼȼѣǺ£ŵ޲û̫Ȥȴͣ乭ݡ
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Ұ纮ģһô죿
Ͼλ̫ҽʾˡӹǣһֻռӣúܡ
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ܵĸ̧ȥסؿڣɸоȴѾȥˡ
·ʲôûз
Χ˶ڻ꣬ûע⵽ϵɫ仯

ոջص԰ϲѾˡԲ԰͵ţϸͰ˸Сӡ
էȻţϲЦտ
֮Цڴ֮߶
ղЩ岻ʣѾϲó嵭ࡣ
ԷʮѮ飬û죬Ͳˡ
Ƿ纮ǲأ̫ҽ֮󣬽֮ǰԷΧ飬Ȼж˵ǴԵʱ򴵷ˡ


651 Ӻ

ϱϾѾˣȻ̫ҽڿ˵أжٴС
ʵϵȴ̫ҽ˵ĻҪáҩոշȥ죬ľԵĺת
칦Ѿָ糣
Ǿôһ£ԸҲòסԤõȥԷԵļƻҲȡˡ
ܷвҪۿϾҪ˶
񲻿ɲС
Ѿ׼ǰеһ˭֪Īֳ˷纮֢״һ֢״ϴβ࣬Ȼܣء
ֻǷ͸ūǲŰŸոջϵ£ûСʱѾʪ͸ˡ
ֻܾի䣬һӦ£ࡣ
ۿȫԼָӣڹؼʱϺȣĪķꡣ
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ǹ֮£Ϊ˱ʾĳ⣬ⶣİի㹻ӣǰС
İȻһһհ졣

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ĵһѩӣлƮѩľò
ԺﾲĺܣϸĻһƬһƬѩ֦ϵ
İּλϽ
νϽʵ̳볩԰ľ벻ĻһһȥҪϲʱ䡣
Ϊի䣬İѾ뿪Բ԰סϽ̳һԺ
Ѿˡ

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ֻǸкԺֻεץԼʹİ˵ΡæòŶֵһЩ
ǰǶףҪչ˺ǣϾ
һˡǶɼˣֻСǰ鷿顣
㹻ʱ;
ʵЩ¶İ絹Ҳûӣǰ
ӣİ˼ϱһ
Ǳİ˵˼ΣЩһ߷˲ᣬһȦʱ򣬲Ծľ͸ֽˡ
ۿīһֽӿȻūŴҴҵعſͨˡ˵ǲ
Ͻɽһ飬üͷ塣
ͱŻ𡪡İԽǷ£ԽǺ⣬Խӵίŭ޷й
ΨһץĶȴǱƵᣬѹͲġ
ʲôܱ̼
ܿϵɫתūѵûɫûƼڿ˲ᡭ
ֹ̧֣ס˻ܵĺǳ⣬ʱò
û˵̧꣬ͷȴӣѾֱ˽
۾ȴӣֻ˸򵥵ķޣҲûۣ֬ڴȻǴҴææϹġ
˵ǴӴġ


652 һҹ

ˡ¼ȨʵΣð
ӣһ˵ţһ߾͵ͷ˫һֽ
ȫˣǼ̬ȹУԼȫȻ𾴡
ֻøղŵĻҲһ롣
ǰȥֽֽ˹
ϵĻ٣ֻУһĿȻ
İļţ˵ӣźǣԲ԰е˵ȣһɶ԰
ӳ԰
ȲͲܳ԰ӡ
ϾٳٶۣʱҲĲ˲Ծİ˵ġӳ԰
ⲻ˺Ϳˣ
үȥϽѽǰճӦڱԺ֮իǡ
Ϊʲôᵽ˳԰
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кȻһ£̧ӣ
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뵽İ˵ġȲͲܳ԰ӡ
ȻԤʲôŻô˵
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ţūŻŻŵľͳ˽˵ǾǾͻȻˡ
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вٰǶھĴ԰ǲͬʱġ
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İһţѹ顣
תͷӣӣ˴ǶԶǻǽһЩĺáʲôϢ˵ҲЩ
һ˵ţһūѾѺ簢Ƕǰ鷿ӹˡ
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ȻǣȴҲĻ̵̻ҹܶżϤһһԺչǸ顣
˶ˣŮȲ
һȴʼͲߣֻǷȥĽ豭ĦţƺܼеĽš
һūżҴҵܽ˵˻ӸˣΧĶǱʿѵĹ˰֣Ѱѹˡ
˵˰Ѿǰʧ˳裬Ͼձ
ôǻӰأ
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ʱʱľͻߵһ졣
ԴӼ޸İ֮ϴûоһҹôѰ
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ӣԭūһ棬룬ײס
ϣȻүֻ԰ţҲ߶ˣ˸Ͻлɡ
ϱٷԸūţ⻰ʱˡ

һҹ˭û˯š
ۼŶ¶ǰףһƬš
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653 ݱ

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Ͼ£һξʹ֣Ҳͷ˱īˡ
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ӣźʣ࣬еĸһҲûȥˡ
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گӺطGƷأФ޹ܿ˳дͳ޵ǻʵλ


654 ɽ

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ĸôգǡֻ뵽ʰյĴȰĳЩкӶڵʹ
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һֱݱһ̣ܽТ˳ӵϷݵ쾡¡ɽڴָ˭У
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ͺҪˡΧͰһ
˵ˣһֻӬɲ
յĺкҲˮˡ
ӣȥ￴ʱ򣬾Ϳ˶ŮĻֻʹصš
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ӣȥ̽ϵĶͷ
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˶٣ֻҴҷԸ˻һչ˺ūȥⷿԲ԰еҩȫó
ת󲽸ȥ


655 

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ŮǱȵıȣ§§òװ˸̧ϴǻŻŵعС
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Բ԰С
Ÿոߵǰ֮ӣͿԶһϤӰ
˷·ƨŻһ˹ԶײΧһȦūš
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ȴװװӲ΢΢ԴԼڸ米
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ͺͺSһҲǰŸոձӵ˹
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˵ţ;طϵɫԽԽˡ
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656 ط

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ӣǲżİ硪ʱԽ˵һԽϡ
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ֱȷѡ

οӣһӣطGû˵ȥǱߣҴҵĻصĵ
£ж谮Ůߣޡ

¾ǻ˵ӺԺŮǶʱڱ𴦣ǴлʵȥµǲһֱԼĹвŲ
һĹ򣬾ǰѾмλ뷽跨ȥǶ̽ˡ
һԸڹˣȥ뵽ȥ
Լȴ磬ЩŮ˵ʱҲĲɵ
ʮġ۰ʮġ·ء


657 ٳ

뵽ʮ⺢ӵӣľвԤС
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˵ʱӣ
ȵʿȥˣӣΧװΡ󰡡


658 ʺ

ʿĻŷѻʹҪһԸŷС̫౾ԾԾԣ¶ɵˡ
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ˮܿð׻ˣˮ죬̳һԷŷʿſʼӡ
һξͳɹˡ磬۵ζŷ
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ӣų˵һڣͺ޲İоôóּ򵥵Сģô֮ǰû뵽أ
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ĵǰХǰ˼ǻʹĽԶؾ͸Ͻͽˡ
תͽȥʢ
ʱʢѾӴ֮èˣӣһѵȫЦơ

ӣϽһ£ʾöʳнȥ֪æúܣҹǸոġ
ʢϽ˹
ʹ˵ûʢҲҽȥóȻϣںء
ʹ⣬ūһһѵүǰȥʢ
˶٣ĵֵʹʲô˵ūתҲɡ
ϾѾʮһˣվĵ棬ĺܡ
ӣеԲ§һϵĴ멣ʢ״˵ʹȥȱܱܷ磬ȺȲ裬ЩҲá
ӣ룬ҡҡͷ겻Ҫ̫ͣǧϧӡ
תȥ
ʢһ·͵˽Աߡ

ȵϣֻ¡ƶ౻
ʢ͵ѻʹղŹһ˵飬˵һ¡
طGˣü΢΢һ̧ͷʢʹأ
ʢС˵캮ʹôŻϣѾȥˡ
˵꣬Ϳɫһ˲漴ָ糣
ʢҲſһ£Լô˱ͨʹǻϷļϵˡ

ؾ·ϣʮİһ·ҧء
ʹߣ׷һӵľʿǣʱҲóȻڡ
е˶Сıᵽκι¾Ļ⡣
Ҷɵӡ
Ҷ۾
ʮİķŭѾסˡ
ȡīЪϢʱʮİתͷӵ
źЩԥ֪ӵӣᷢʲô
ʮİԥŭûô
ӱŵȥ˱īˡ
ƻ֮£ʮİһֽд־
˵˵ȥʵֻһ仰ȵĸ磬ôѽ
һƵĻ
ֱ±ʣʮİŸоӿһ󳩿졣
ʹ죡
ʵԽĸȻ˻ϵʵ
λãӦǰ˸ġ
뵽ŰԼݵšֽᣬϸϸ˵˻ʰǼշ顣
ǾǷš
İ˷˰˰ĻӸ
龹ˡұʮİַֽֽӡҧ
ԱߵӶŴˡ
ȵӦ֮Ÿʮİͷү⻰⻰Ȼ˾ǣǧ˵ѽ
˵˱ҪԴĴ
ʮİֻЦ

ϽϵԽת԰ܹϰ죬·
ڵ˻ʺ֮λĸ£١ֻƽû緢
ӣԴӱʹ֮밲лҲǽأġ
˵Ҳп˵ôǰֻÿʲô˳ۡ
·ʲô¶Լһ
Դͬʹ࣬Բ԰֮ϣȻҲûдǰôˡ
ο˻ʺϲ֪󹬵ʵǷúܡ
ÿǴЩѾͷ۵ĺˣﻹ˵ϣ
Ǵлʵǵ飬ֱǧͷֹƫƫЩһһָߣϣ˵ãϲá
ֻܰӣһ
ʵ鷳úܡ
ټѾϾҪˣүǻ֮ĵһꡣ
Ӻٰ꣬Ѿˡ
⻹ǵһΡ
˵йɥܴ²ٰ죬еʽǵУܲʲ
˵ˣҲ˫۾ܲܽһٰĺأ
뵽ЩֻԽͷ


659 ĺ̹

¹˽©ڴ֮еĵשϡ
΢΢ͷˮ¹⣬һ¡
ʵǹ꣬ǲٰ̫ǵ顪ⶼ鷳ġ
еģǻ̫
ȻԼǰûб¶ʱ䣬ֵ̫ʵǶ̫󣬻ٳ
Ϊʺô֪ܲ
Ҳ˵лʵ۸ոչǼգֻ˵ԼԸܡĺʥĸһˡҪѳлʵ۶ȥʳ
ֻߵͷʹޣĸ˵ʿԴиңĸִѳǶкԶ³񣿡
˵ĸִ⣬Ҳֻˡ
ҪǷҪѰǾһȥɣʡ޵ȣװܲТ֮ûȥ³
Ȼǲȥġ
ϲſʼǿʳԴ֮ü죬ÿΪлʵ֮⣬ҪԵȥϸѯֵūţ֪ĸװ˯󣬲Ż뿪
俴жʮТ˳ˡ
Ǵǰĵ׼̫󣬲ûнܶӵһТģһζľҡ
ǻһ죬ǴϲӣչǻǰҪ̫
񲿹ԱѾּ⣬ǰһ콫ǻһϵʽдȥ͹׼̫
ϼˣֻصʵ۵ߴλӦܺأкνҪ񣡡
µӺǻʲôϵϽ
ͺ鷳ˡһϵгƫƫôһڹϡ
Ͼ¾ĸһζƲȥġ
񲿵ĹԱתֻͷܹܵȹԱһȥȰ˵ϣ׼̫ܹ
ٰ㰧󣬽á
طGҲҲǸӵģ񲿹Ա񸮵˹֮ɫҲÿˡ
ǿŻطGΣ
νϾ׻ߵ
ȻǶԱߣۼνӲ˹£Ԯɵ䣬г´ǡ
һֱСʱûκЧϵľҲˡţˮǿͷôҲǻϵĸ¾Σ
ۼ̬ǿӲΧĴﶼ׼̫ء
ӶгϢǻλֻһƫƫ۰Сûϡ
ϿǱСӵĵλֶθˡ
ʮİСǴСߵģӵ۰ȻҪطGһЩʮİ⼸սΪ߽ͷȴΪѡ
Ŵ󽫾ķƺţȴΪ˳ͷβʧߡ
ƵһǸ׼еͬ봹ġ
οĸס
⣬ֱҲ⡪ڴӲвСʱ򣬵Ծȥάӡ
ǵֱӵ涷֮ʱеƽȴԥľСǸбȥˡ

ۼĸǰ󣬵ȴֻһ˿˼ѾӵĶӣԼǰ
ڳǰѿ
طGȻģȴһһ
鵽һۿĸӸҪѣ˭֪ϾȻֻ͵ֹһ䣺طGǻ಻˼
֮ǣطGʵۣǱġ
Ȼǡģɼڴ
Ǹ˭Ȼضԡ
òߵ˵ǻһ죬Լĸ׶ԴԼȴ̬ȣѾطGУһƬ̹ǡ
ڣٿվﳤȥ

ǻĲǲΪ¶谭ġ
ǿ֮ĵڶ죬طGӭ̫Ǩٹ
ٹ̫סĹطܴʱѾ̫̫ǾסĵطǺܶ࣬ҪԻ԰쾰ΪԹꡣ
񾭹ݣȴǰˡ
ܾסٹǻ̫ޱȵݵ
ûκģطGĵӣ񲿵ĹԱ񸮵ˣһսսĹԼ̫ܾǨ
˵ʲôҲٹ
̫סŵ͹ͳǬʹӴ⹬һڶ
ӵĺǾסϢĵط
û̫סִˣλҲ񻰡
ƺóҪӲܵ׵ľġ񸮵˹˶ʮͷ͹Ų˶ʮ졣
ֱʮİ

ʱţӣҲϰ˵ūһһʹ
֪ϲˣﲦ֣ҲвǴǰԲ԰ˡ
ǰС԰ӣžĵů¯еһ߹ѩһ߿ūǸ˾ְɨ԰
ȻСӹСʮİؾǵϢ


660 

ӣţͷһ
ʷϣʮİĽֿ㲻⡣
Ȼȱǡ˼ڵİ˰;ŰҲһЩ˵ǲҵĺܡӺȥ񻯿ؿľꡣ
ܾλɴ󽫾˱ӣϾûбλ
ҾطϸȦٶһЩռ䣬һЩʿ
ϾӺһĸͬ׵ܵܣоʢ꣬¾ǰνλ΢Σлвƽ֮
οô˫۾š
ӣ붼ܲµʮİ䵽˵زȻǻؾ֮󣬺Ӻ֮Ĺϵһȵ˽ŵĵز
뵽ӵ˵ȥĵֻ˵ҲһˣʮǣҺǣ硢İһ档
ǻ谮ĻʹοԼӡ
ϢոյݹȥǱ߾һ·̵ˡ
֮УӰһһµš
ӣźͺԼǰһʱ䲻ӺֳһЩ
ǺȻϻǹľԸоҲˡ
һĺ硪˸ˡ
˵ﺢӳ磬ҲδЩ̫ϳɡ
ӣһڰȻūŲȥŽ⽥뵽⡣
ʰ˵ʮ£Ǵνӻ
һƬž
ʵеĪʮ塭Ѿܾûˡ
ʮǰ걻˸ޱȵĴ󽫾ǰȥһҲѵûһΡ
Ȼᵽʮ壬ĪʮѾܻصɥ
ԱߣȴȻУ˶⻰˼
΢΢֣ס˸ӣ̧ͷӣƽصסǻʰۻʲô򣬶ǵĻش𡭡ȻֻŻʰߡ
Աߣһüʲô򣿡
̧ۣһ˫ɾγź磬ǻʰĶӡ
˵һ䣬ӣվ͹ȥԴˡ

СǱϾѾСˣʹĸټҲôʱ̫á
ȵ˵㣬ӣĿŶǳȥֵıӰһȺūǴӵţԶˡ
Сǳȥöŷѵ׼ãһַ̽СĸʹѸȻ˳ȥˡ

ʮİһлʵ۹¶ʱͱ˼¡
ʵڻؾǵ·ϣѾдѯ
Ѿϻƨɵˡ
˭Ҳû뵽ǣ˾ǣʮİһ¾ȻǽȥɥҲǲμ¾ͻ̫󣬶ȾֱŴȥ񲿡
ʮֺƴ
ȥ񲿵ԭҲܼ򵥡һĿ֮£ѯ»ʵ⡣
ѯ⣬Ƕ¾λĲϿɺɡ
νǸ˸ոռλӺһ
ٻʵ˿ʱʮİ翴ѣʹʧǵӺʱֻӺԶĵطֲ
¹򣬲о֮񣬾ǲϻϵݡ
Ӻߵʵǲ񻰣ǰҪʮİӺǰ
Ѿǻ󽫾
ֲŸոȥʮİӣʮİ統㽫˺ݺһ߷˳ȥźұҳקǻ׵ܣвǴϽҴ֣޲Ǵϼ壡
һ
ηλ󽫾ǱϾǹ£ҲǼ¡ο󽫾һĸֵͬܡ
Ӻǰˡ
ߣʮİ޴Уʮѿʱ򣬰˰ԱȺ˳
һԵ˱Զĸֿ˵·
طG
˰ȴǰҪˣɫҲ԰ˣڲסһȡ
Ŀ֮е֮⣬ҲŨˡ
ۿŰ˰ڶʮİȦȥһѱס˸磡
˰ʮİ磬Ŀǧ
ǹ˰Σֻ˵һ仰ʮġӦ¹򡣡
ʮİ촽΢΢͵һ̧ͷ˼ĵɴ۾Ű˸硣
ƺ˵Щʲôվסˡ
ʮİϥһ䣬ȻعӺǰ
ԼΪӣקҪ󣬶ûʮĵܵϥһ֡
˰ֻǼ򵥵˵ôһ䣬ʮİĺһˡ
ӣ¾
İ˸磬İ
ֻּ˰һԡᵳȻ޼ɡ
طGһ˿ĺ;
Ȼûʲôָȴ΢΢߬ˡ
ۼŴ󽫾ڶ¾ΧĴжһ
ŵҲڷ


661 Ц߼

˸ոմһʱ򣬾ͿϡΪ˱ԵܵܵѰ֮飬ȥַʮİһѡ
뽫
Լǻ˱ˣͳϻ̳Ͽֵлˡ
ʮİî˾Ҫ¾ȥ£
طGҪҲ
վԱߵؾͿʮİţƢһһԭؾͲ
ְѻϵֱ۸˦ˡ
ȸղŻΣ
һʱ䣬ˡ
طGַ˸գҲŭֻʮİһۣ漴ʹּ⡪󽫾Ȼд˳Т֮ģڴлʵ۵Աš
Ÿҹ

ϽеѩԽԽˡ
ۼߺʮİ糤õعڸ֮ǰ
ֱΧ߹⡣
СһЩİǣһһ߻ڸǺͷϵλ󽫾
۵ϣֺµı顣

̺ǿʮİϵɫҲҹȥȰ˵ֳֻܷˡ
һʮİԱţһȥٹϽ֪̫ͨ
Ͼ·ͬСɣǵȵ̫֪ǣǾ̫ˡ
֮Уú硣
ʮİ綢ϵĻƣһ߽Ӳĵ
ɥ֮ʹ⣬иǲĺͲ
ƾʲôԡѪսԾ˿ͷ
ĸʲôûзֻھнˮ¥̨ȵµƣҢ¡ƶ࣬ôɵؾͼ˸ˣˣ
ƾʲô
뵽ĸ֮ǰ¡ƶǿзźͰ˻ӸΪʮİͺ޲úݺݵĶŵһڡޣ
ʲô
뵽⣬ʮİаٸн
кޡԹãкڣмʡΡ
һֱһ̣ĿԼλĸ硣
Ϊʲôǰռ֮ʱӰȴӶûעİĿµҰأ
һȥĹĸˣԭΪĿģز¶ôꡣ
뵽˼ʮİֻò
ȻΪʲôĸһֱĸ磬ʼһ΢ĸҡ
˵ǡҡ˵ǡ衱
뵽ʮİ¶һ̵ֳЦݡ

ٹУϻڿʮİ
˵˯һϢһˣūźŵʱϵĿҲʱʱķ
ʮİܹӴлʵ
˭֪ȥȻεʮİջؾǣϢ
Ժ󣬶ʱɫͱˣҴҵŮԼѣĵȥ
һ·ϣѾˡȵһǰȿڣûʵ۳ʮİ硣
ʱطGů£̫ˣ͵͵Ľ
̫߳ˡ
طGףʢ˵ֻ꣬ǵЦЦ
ǵǰһӵǻʱٹٿͷطG۷󣬶Ų벽
ΪСӣǰҵܵˡ
طGϵ뷨ǰóʮİ̬
ĻطGĴ㣬ʱҲóˡ
뵽һ㣬ֻЦ
λĸ׻ǲ˽֪ܺĳʲô
֮ǰǻʱ̫޼ɵĲطG棬սĵߵʱͲ̫֮ˡ
ֻлʵ˻һ£Ƴδȡ
ν鷳һһ
˲ڹؼʱ֦
طG뵽վȥ
ǹĽ̫ů
Ǽ״ϽһһʶȤˡ
ʵۡʮĵܡȻӳȣϵСӵİοҲ಻סˡ
طGԱߣΪʮİ翪ѽ͡
ں󹬽һӵŮӣ˵оݣݡ
¹ԼطG챻˵ˡ
ʵ̹˵¶֣ǹ¡
СϢˡǼ¡
ϵ˼úתǳԷͷأοֵ֮䣬Ħڽôˣ
˵ˣʮİϾʢЩڱ߽̣ɳȥйҲĥµôֲЩ
ܺЩھŵүȡ
ϾͻСȻʵСʮ꣬ʵǾǳûɻʵҲֳ󻰷һתĵص
طG챻߼Цˡ
һţһһϹ޵Цݡ
˵󣬿⸱飬һҲЩҲסˡ
˵ˡ˵ȥŪɳ׾ˡ
طGصĸ޸ռλʱط_ʱţʿո죬ʮĵȴڸǰӦϽּ٣ٻؾԾТġ񵹺ãһƬ֮ģȴӹӿޡ޲ʶ֮٣ǡ
յ˿ڣֻĿɭȻϡ
ʶ˽Ҫ£͵վʵۣɣ


662 

طGõӭĿ⣬һһ֣·Ҫ˵ʮص޻ּȥط_ֻݣ£ط_ͻʿѵ񻯾꣡
̧ͷŵصʵۣ׵ܵܣ
˵仰ֻúͷ죬ƺһѪӿʲȥ
һ¡
طGߵſڣūű̫Ӳʣ̫ͻٹȥúþּ⣬κ˲Դţ
ū˭ҲҶ࿴һۣǰȥְ˽ŷס̫
һ֣Ůŭȵȫ£
֮Уһˡ
ϴսطGߣѹʵۺοģʵǱӣط_ǡһ㣬δ˭뱾״ʵˣǱˣ֪ˡ
طGֶһ䣬Цŵ֪ˣĸΣ
תĿиһ˿񣬴ߴһĨЦݣ̤һʮĵֵΣ
ϱ壬ľһ
طGûĸ׼֮µ֮⡪ڳʮİĵλ
һֱ˽죬Ѿ䶨ǻѾУҲѾ̫
ǾǸλãӦСӵġ
Ц
Ц
˵ʵಢˣˣΣ
ıӦǿߵС
ᵽˣδ
ᶼ᲻ˣһλõģ
˵ˣط_Ѳɻܴ췴
Ң塣ʮİͳ֮ԶԶҢµı
Щִӵܣܳ͢ݣǵһСҲھǡ
Ͷ˽мɵ˭ֻʮİǲΪ
˶εȨʵѾǰҪΣԸʵǱ޿ɾҩˡ

ʥּ£ʮİΪӡ
ͬʱ˰类ӷΪ˶ʮ硢롢¡ƶ
һһҰ֮ϣһƬȻ

УӣڿĻʹѡ֮ǰǸŽֻôʱˣɫӣ۾ˡ
ֻϸϸѡ
ʮİͰ˰飬ȻԶں󹬣Ҳ˲١
֪طGЩʮʱӣԶԼл˾ģʽ
طGʱҪôǸҪô㽫һϵʳˮ
طG󲿷ʱ˵ֻǽסˣȻ˴ԼϹڻﱧһ
ӣվű˸ͷطGĺ󱳣󵨵ĺס
һϻƨɵĸо
طG⡣
һɿ֣üĿ֮ƣ
ӣطGӣ֣͵ǣŵ޻£ȥĸ׵һûоƾбһղɡ
ӣסطGߵǰ¶檲ۣ̫۵úܡ
طGգŵס
ӣ˵ɡ
ʷϵӺǻġ
˶٣ѻȵ߹ȥϰ˼飬ſڣͺͻһӣǰСЩ鷿ʱ򣬳檵˵ǰŶټ¶ֻ֮֡ҪͷҪǼþУδҪô߱׼
һչ龫ޣ뽫е¶þƾܲأ
طGǱ۾Ȼۣ
һЦˡ
㰡ôһһף

˰縮УһƬƲ
˸ڰ˰棬ԶĬĬԡ
ʮİۿǱɱˣ˰ȴĽ
ڹϣ᲻¡
ˡ
ʮ롢¡ƶһ
˺¾۶ڱҲˡ
Щ꣬ҡ˰סϵ֣һʱ˵ʲôȴû˵ֻǵͷõ̾
ָָĦڹϵֱϡ
֪˼˵ݣԼ޸õĻӰ硣
Щ꣬
ƶˤ䵽ϣĺܣյ¡
ʵǶԲס
ûʲôԲסģ˵ԲסǼǿЦһ£漴ҧ
˰֪˵Ǽҡ
ɵؿЦһ¡ǹϡ
Ů˰أǺޣ¶ô
˰û˵ʲôֽԼ


663 ĸ

˰Ԥûд
תۼ꣬ѾӺԪꡣ
طGȴֵǵϿʼ¡ʾ˸Ա£ơһ֣ͬӦ
طGûһ˵ʥն̸ġ
̫ö
ȻνġöҲֻơ
ѹûоȨ
תһȦֱӺԪ£طG´˸ֵʥּ
Ż̫ǰġŻ̫һ֣ŸΪʡ֡
طG㶼ûеʱ䣬սپʮİ绤ʹлʵ
ᣬʮİֱǿɽ꣬ظӡ
ʮİжɿԣͬ
Զھ֮е̫ϵ֪Ϣ֮󣬱ʹѵֹĵ˼֮󣬼¾һβӡ
ļ٣ִˣܿͲˡ
ڵĶʵ̫ӣȥʺ밲ʱҲ˵¶
һ˵һ߾ֱҡͷһ󵨵ܽ᣺Ϻ̫󡭡ǽⲻˡ
ӣͷĬĬţɲ
ǽⲻˡ
ĺ«ǻԹܲϵʱ򣬰ĺ«ӡӦѾĸˡ
ʵҲ鼱ˡȴ֪˰硢Űȣʮİ꣬ѾǸĽˡ
һͲһ£ϵ
طG̫ҽ³̷֮ҩ꺮ůϡ
ϵĲǺòˡ
һʱ䣬ҲˡʹĸطGҲܵλԺ绽Ļʵۡ
ʹ֮£Ͻһ˵ͷ
ǡ۰Сӣվûмһ氡
ǣϳŲ壬ŮǷԼ
ʵ۶ӲϣֻԼˡ
ô̫֮ĵλ
ϲϵɽּ̫ܲҪʮİٻؾ
Ǳߣͬʮİһĸ׼ֻҪӵּ̫ܲڿֻ˵ûʥּˡѴ
ˣػ̬ȺǿӲذʹҲˣ׼ؾ
һһһ˫
ǸĵԿ̫
ʶʡ΢еӵ˶õȻڱˡ
һ˺üּܲʯ󺣣ţʹҲȥ޻ء֮ϵ˳׵ľ
͵ˣвֻƾžϵļжǿһ
һǾϣûˣҲ͸еĲһ㣬ױ㳹׿ˡ
֧ţȵʮİȴʼûеȵ
Ĵ
طGֻĸػ̵ҩ޼¡
˼ȵۣ֮ƣŻɼ
ʮİȵ֪ĸ׹Ϣ˺ɥʱѾ֮ˡ
Ϣʮİ統ûվסֱǰһڣ˹ȥ
ūǿ캰صԺʹ
һ·ҴҴϻؾȵ˾ǣʮİ𳵴Ϳ֮ȫˡ
һɢ˶Ավŵģһһӵӣǲͳ¡ƶ¡
ʮİ翴һ·пϣţ꽫Ѿѹȵ˾أѾĸɥȻֵͬܽˡ
ǻ㾡˻ʵ۵ˡ

ǰͬʮİûһ·ֱȥ̫Ѵȥ˻ϵĵȺ
طGܶȥ̫
̫ѷٹǰĹΪסʹ̫ݡ
ӶĬ˻ʵ۵ͳ
ʮİǵã֮ǰԼԹŲ¶Ѿֵúǲ졣
̫Ѿ죬껹ǿӲ̫ѱҪڴ˹Уա
⵽ػйߣ
ʮİ뵽̡
ݺݵҧס촽촽ҧѪûַֻסһǣ¡
ϣάˣվȥˡ
İ˸磬ҲɽϦ̻̲ա
Ÿ硢ʮľ͸˵ˡ
뵽Щʱ緢ĺʱ⣬ʮİһθеޱȵĹµ
֮ǰ͵͵ͷ֪˶ãһƬӭϼݵ
ϴĵˡ

طGһһۿʮİʱ򣬾ۡ
ֻ˶̶̼µĹ⾰λĴ󽫾еĹȴҲûˡ
ǰЩŰ㣷񶼱һƬհס
ɥĸıʹ϶֮ʧ䣬˿·һֻιȥצӵӥ
ȻڣѾǰϵ⣬׸ˡ
طG󣬾ôվԭأζضλʮĵܺһ


664 Ĩ춹

֪˶ã·ˣطGŻ̧̧֡
ʢǰˡ
ּ⡭طG˵΢΢˶٣ʮİתת
ű˵ʮĵΪͷţעƲʱԳƱӡ»׿ԼҲֻܰձӵı׼
֪ĸʢοĸ֮⣬Ϊǰģй
˵仰طGʮĵܡ
ʮİʲôû˵һ˿鶼ûв
ֻƽƽؿͷȥں꣬л
ôһ˲䣬طGȻе˷ǳȤ

̫֮طGһ±ǽĸٵϽС
ع֮ʱһ·ֲ̿ȵ˹У֪ԭҪſɼΣá
Ȼ˿ͷϵĿ佱⣬ʽҲû١طGùشʹ˰׽ǧ˵֮ȱвãְ󳼣ѧϰش֮Т
һʱ䣬ĬĬŵأ˲ͳ˾Ĵˡ
佫ʾҪΪ
ʮİЩϢҧˡ

УʮĸȻͲˡ
ǸŮӣֱȲϾǣҲѰҽҩĲ㣬ЩҩĶס
ۼӾͿ첡ʮİӸԴǼңбԹȻеģ
طGӣĻȻ̣ȴʼհ಻ȥ
ʮĸĺܣ֮ǰҲѾ񻯴˺óʱ䣬ôȻһӲˣ
ӣطG룬ֻ˵̫ҽǰΣҪǵĻ̫ҽι֮ᡣ
·ôһ飬ʮĸĲͻȻͶˡ
ȵ̫ҽϵʱѾ˶ûá
طGھˣ̾Ϣ֮Ǳʮĸտڻƻɽүޡ
ʮİг˱ߡλĸԼӶҪ
д顪ֻ˵ү޵ķˮãԸİš
֮ʮİԼסԵƧ֮˽õľ
һʮĸһԺԼ
¶ĿرǣطGȻŭ
ۿһ粨ͻ𽥱󣬰˰һ⣬Ȱ˵ʮİ硣
ʮİǿİš

ںܿ㵽ˡ
нɥŻ޵ʱ䶼ˡ
ӣǶʢ衪ѵϾ֮࣬ʱʱš
УĸֶʹǰԲ԰ࡣ
ļҾȫǸݻˡ
Ǳۡ˶ǣȻó裬Ͼڣʱ򣬲Ҳ˶ݡ
͹ҲѾֱɣʹˡ
ɡǾͲ˵ˡ
밲һߣ֮жʱͿһ롣
ʢԴ˲ˡ
ʹͻʹ˲Ρ
ȵʢ֮ӣ򿪰װĽкӣϸơ
طGԽϲԶ˲ˣƽʱ˷ˣߵЩСϲ˲
ԼҲͰˣʱʱʹӣ˵Ǻö
ӣЩЦã뵽طG⼸ľҲˡǻͲס
ټϵǻ·׷ֵǽͶ٣׾ͻ㡢Ѫ
˲ξרŲģν񣬶ǣֹ£а
òҶݲɣ嵭ЩӣֺϽУö
ղʢʱѾˡŻϻ˵ֻԵļһЩ̫ӡ
ӣ˵أ븴ҲӲĶȥ
رظ㡢࣬о
Щðʱζ
ŷȥŵ
ʿҲЩСʱݸ߸ߵģҲһЩ
ӽϹЦʮָϻմˮΣĹ밲
ѾϰˣūǶˡֳ棿
Իʹ֮𣬾Ȼŷ
æǵģýšӣɫص
Ա߿ĲҶӡҶΣûһ͡
ϾѾǶˣҲʼˡӣ棬Ŵ
ȱǲܳԶࡣ
ΪŴײǻ˸ͷһӣԼθЩܲˡ
ӣĴ˿׼ԸԶ֣һЩĨӡ
ҪĳɹĻҲ͵ϼӲˡ
˵ĨӣʵҲֻĨͽסʿ⽫춹˹
춹ѾģڸƫۣͷҲƯ
ӣϴɾ˫ִ֣һŷõװ֮ʿϽūǶ˳ȥֻģ֡
ӣȽĨ۵ˮ֮ټŴ׽ȡ
ʵǵһĨеζѾɢˣٻŴ׵¡
֮һſĺ춹ǶڱɫĨŴУˡ


665 ʹ

Ĩ춹ãӣūװ̷ɫ觵УҶšɫŵɫĵɫ
ˣֲʧޡ
ŵȵʱ֣طGڹˡ
ӣ֮еţһĶվͳȥӭˡ
ǰĵط԰쾰ľγһΣһСм䴩ȥڶԽϡ
ӣһ룬طGѾˡ
Ҫһ־Ͱˣûϥȥ
ӣҪ˵Ȼʹӻʰ̽Դ
ӣһ˲仹ΪԼ۾ˡ
ôˣ˵ǰȥͱס˶ӣתطGϡ
طG΢΢Цſﶼ飺֪뺢ӣ޴ĵ˳·ȥ鷿һȦøš
߸˵վԭأ§ס˶ĸ첲ס˻ʰ֡
ȻйɥǹڣĵľǺӡΪѵ÷żٵӡ
ҷȫ٣綼ûпΣΪɥԵʣСİǣŻʰһ۾ɣŻʰڴѧʿȳΡ
ǿʮַŵġ񸮻Ȱջϵѡõص㣬һ㶼ں֮׼ʮֻͣںϣͬϵۡ
Ҳ껹ֽѾơʹ͸ڳǹͬʳ
Ͻδͬʵ۳еĺǣа硢ǣ񸮶ȥʽıаɰȡ̫ƽ֮⣬̫ࡢŮÿҲ쵽һӡ
⣬лһϺüϷ
Ϊɥԭһȫʡȥˡ
ˣܹһ٣绹ǾԼ׬ˡ
˴֮УطGûпڣŶͺ˵Ѿһûˣĺܡ
ӣ˰Ĩ춹Ӿ͸ˡ
ϴ֮ūѾֻӡһֻͽУͿúóԡ
Ļ̶࣬Ѹȥ࣬ӣӳԵĲˣǱֹҪٺȶˣȥĺȶ˻ḹк
꣬طG˺˵İȥ
Ȼе᲻ãǺظ˾ˡ
ȣһڵȥطGһͷĺӣ״ҪҪԡ
طGЦЦֱֻҡͷӣūˮӣ򵥵Ĳϴһͷ
УƮŵ㡪ĵʹ͹ɴȡҡɰװϽ𶧡ֶˮȡ
ǱҩƷսһɿɬζǹϷͺˡ

ȵūǽˮȥطGӣů֮Уߣӣȥ
ӣ߹ȥոͱˡ
ȥꡭһֱڣʵæúܣȺ˿գһú㡣طG֣һḧͷһߵ
ӣֱסĻطGͷԼͷǣȻӣ벻Բ԰
ӣˡ
뵽ȥ궬طGλԲ԰ȺǼ죬ʵٻЩ¡
һתѾˣԲ԰峿ϷˮԱϽ졣
ӣ̧ͷطGɵҲЩˡ
طGģ͸һֻ˹ͷСƵģ̲סЦˡ
§סϸϸظ˵ԭʵԴȥǻԺѾ¶ѱʮ硣
չԲ԰԰ڸֵ
ȵȫ֮󣬾ͻΪʵҪİ칫
ңڵԲ԰ȡռǧĶң֮¥̨ͤˮСţ羰ӵ
ӣһ˵һﻻһ£ǧĶǽƽˡ
൱ɹۣ
ţ߬סطGӣԼסûиĶ
طGžЦˣӣ°ͣ΢΢ҡͷѾ޵ĻʹˣȻҪлʹĳ桪ԭԺӣټǹˡ
Զɣиõĵ
ӣˣе˵ʧ䣬ص͡ôˣ
طG飬ˡ
ҲǡϾסĵض޵ʱ˷˽ȥ͵롣
ӣ˵Լ˼ֻǾñϾѾϰߵĵطǼסҲͦãδҪΪʹݣٴľĵҡ
̧ͷطGһ²ǰѻȥˡ
Բ԰ȻʹľӴҲǲɱαɨء
طGү
Ҳǻˡ


666 

һת۵µףϵ֪˶۵Ľ
ȣԲ԰֮ۿѾǰˡ
Դ˻ʺֱ֮ȫǼëƤĺ󹬴С¡˵úܣֲܶ¡
£һȥԲ԰۵ϸڣһ¶ֶᡣ
ͽԵʣҲ徫һ첻һ졪ǰ˱񵥣һܿʱ
ȴֻʱᱳʹˡ
ʱ붼Ц⻹õʥ϶ʹһˣ󹬲ࡣ
ǻǰһѺ󹬵ݺݺ࡭ֱ롣
徫õ£ǿʮ죬Ȼͷۼˡ
ʼֻұƤϳ˸СĺӲϰҹ˼֮󣬴۾ûϢõԵʡǺ׿ԽԽȻһֱᣬȻղˡ
̫ҽ˾˵ʺۼһöϢٲˡ
ûӣȻЩԸȴҲֻܳʱ˼䡣
Ȼſһ˵˳ˮ۵Ľϵ¶ֳȥ˻ʹԻΪʺǡ
겻óģҲͰˡ
ǽʹϣٻЩ˵Ŀɬ
ͷ·Ǽ˺ܶģΨһ֮Ҳزסˡ

ӣӣʺ밲
չ͸ߴ͸һһصĴӡⶼɢˡ
ʺﻹǵöౣ۾˲ᣬСܣǰˣվ͵
΢΢ͷԵŮëƤҲǹ̫ҽķӣ˵䶼ƣȴô
ֻҪ־ӡȵһĳ̶ȣȻȵطڻ֮ÿ֣ʱˣܰǺ׿Ӳȥ
Ҳ̺ۡ
̫ҽ˵֤̺۵ʱͶˡ
տʼ̵ֱлҲϰˡ
ʹ˵Ĳˣ̧̧֣ʾǿԻȥˡ
֮Уֻʣӣϡ
Ů״ӣԥԥأ֪ò¡
ȥɡҺûʺ̧̧֣Ҳ˳ȥˡ
϶ӣ
Ǹˡ֪Ҳ֪ʵϱҲһֱ̧㣬汾ǵġ
ȵ֮ûˣǰĻʹ
ӣ棬ôһ仰ݵؽϵʺй֮ĸ£֮£Ӧᡣ񲻹ۼ檲ţҲֻλãǿôգ˵ǡֻϣܾҾͺã
ϰû˵ĶһȻ̾һ
Цҡҡͷӣˡǽ̱ûᡣ
ӣǻʺʺ񡣡

˵е¶ֽԲ԰һ֮ӣ˻ˡ
ȻصУڵƻ֮£ְЩȫһ顣
ʵȻȥ࣬ΪࡪµķЩüëһץˡ
ҲػȻǧͷҵĺܡ
ñīӣöԸ
īһֽȦȦ㣬ܿͱճˡ
ʵ鲻ӣҲӡ
޷˺²͵һ𣬾͸ˡ


ȥ֮С̫һ·ʳУ
ûȻԼԺӣȥ˸
Ϣ磬ѾϴˣͷʪģҵεવĵˮС̫ԱŸֽš
Ƕĸ㣬ӿζ糢ɡ
һ˵һ߾С̫ʳзһԵϣ
ôˣû̫Ȥתͷ
ͷõúܣġ
˵ͷ˵ˡ
ֵ˳Ĭһ˲䣬ԼͬĶΡϽǣȻطСࡣ
СĺôǣȥĶͶԺò̫Զ
ǣҶʱҲʱȥ
ڲһˡǶǻˣðڵĹأסڰ
ο֣֮Ҳϡ
лʵ۸ոߣʰλһ꣬⹬ﻹǰȵ۵̫ûȫһһ׵
˷ԸܹܣСչǡ
ڴرߵ
գգ۾Ȼʺ磺˵͸磬кS硪ʲôأ
еĽǰǳɼҵ磬Ͳһסڰ
ȥҲɷ㡣
粻ɵ¶ЦŲŲӣȥͺһͷˣ
û˵ֻ΢΢ҲӣⰢĵ
ա˲ҵ岮ǣСʱҲڰİɣ


667 С˵־

˶
СǰһƬ
С̫첽̨߽ϵŮһ
ŮߵСſڡ
֮ϣϵ߶ʲô΢ĹߴϣԽֳ

С̫
ûӦ
ŮԱĵĵ˺þãżӻ۾վ
˵ɣʾһľƣ
һүûлѾµˡ
ʲôϢˣ
Դİǻү֮Ѿ꾡ǲɢȻ˸˶Ŀñӣ۳£԰үԹ
껹ͳ²ҪصϰŸոյǣһ˵
Ȼָľǹȥİүˡ
Щ϶ܿɽ𻢡
үˡȻѾ㹻С΢ȻѲʱʱѵˡ
С̫;Ͱѽ칬˵һ顪ۼʺ̫ڶǰʷ
䶼ƣʶζ
ʵҲʲô£Ϊ˴ŭܹɡеȹ̫ǰ
үôһ򣬾ǻͷһҹ
ٹԱƼˡ
ţֻЦȻƸϹζ¶
ʲôʧְ
֮λ޴ǰˡ
үأվʵ
С̫޳ˣĻүǶأ
û˵꣬ͨ˵չˡ
ʵҲոյǻ¶겻˰˰Ϊ˶˱Σ͸ۡ
ӴˣҲȥˡ
һػ֪ǲҲүĶ
ϼʰһ£ǰȥͿӸ밲ն
ϾиյΣ߶ҲЩ򵥵仰һ˵ϲ֪Լĸأ
ѵүѾһΡ
һڻү
Ϊ˹ĹԱ⣬үţ˶ȥˡ
ͺûеˡϾ¶Щѹͷβûв롣
Ȼĵֻ˵Щ˻Ю˽ģ²ŪǷǣҡ־ԭʩƻ
ŻùԱԴγãζþɢȥ
ն֮ǰѾ󲡹һΣ̫ҽ˵ﶾӵġİꡭ˵ˡ
ֻǸӣ˵̧˱գҲźһЩˡ
ǻү˵δȫɢȥȴҲԪˡеƽıձǣ඼ֻڳưмס
Ҳżˡ
֮ǰ¼ʱ򣬰үչȵۣʱʹһ
ĵûдһӵӱ飬Ϳյˣﻹأ
̧ͷȵգһǻֱֻûѪԴӿĺʮĵõĲʮİĿڶǵأ
Լһĸֵͬܣˡ
οǶ֮Уľֵİ˰أ
ǡԭⲽ˼֮ͻȻһҧź͵
ձ󣬱ϾаֵŮڡ
Ҫǰ׷ݣ˵˳λʵһʱȵ˳λóаأ
ڽ֣һĪչʱȻɱС̫࣬ؾ˵үˡ
ϴϲæӭ˳ȥŸոյſڣԶԶľͿү˷ţһɹѾˡ
үǰȥס˰ү֣ŷɷﶼ亹ƤϵĺγĶԱȡ
û¶ġүǿ¶һЦݡ
ЦãһЦϵͿֹסˡ
Ը㣬Ҳܶסӣǿɷˣзȥֻĸ֣С˵־
ꡪС˵־
ͷһѹƲȥˡ
֪Ī򣬰үɫ֪ʲô
ȥˡү侲ص
¶Ī
߬סϵ֣ǰοҲǾʾ
үٲұȥģ
֣үȻ
Աߵūŵһ˸ɿˡ
ǻһ꣬δȡ
֮£гϦߣпɹӲдǹϵһ嶯ڽ˹ȥ
Ǻһʰˡ
ΧһȺūŷүص˶ˣүֽ뻳
һ¾ˣӡʲôʱǸͷ
үͷӵ޷Цŵǹһҹ㡭
ûټ˵ȥֻתͷӿĽǶȣ̾һ
ֻ裬ڻûء


668 Բ

ϵʱ򣬰ү˯ˡ
ĸϣ֪ô˵˰飬޿ع˹ǰ
Ҳ֪ǲ˳˵û仰Ͼˣǳͷβˡ
ɺǱģȥΪԩˡ
ϲûЦڿ䣬˾Ͷ˵ƶʣԸӣñĲҿ˰硣
ֻûħһĺɱҺͺӵĸˡ
Ҳĳô
ݵ΢ûʸ˵ЩǺϾ檵Ϲ޿ص
ϱĿķҡ
׳ϵ˼˵Ժ󲻹ʲôƵ飬ҪǣϺ
ϿһŮŮȥϷȰο˼䣬ϲֹס˿
޿䣬Ƽ˳ʲôǺǺԸܹ꣬ġüͷ˿񣬶ųϾ͵
ϰŰɵȦǺģλǵҲҶ˵ʲô
ᣬԱһ檸ϽһѣҲˣ߶ˡ

ȵ֮󣬹ڴ£þöû˵
үݡϢҲ֪ղŵĶûС
뵽һӵ顪ϴ߹һ˿Ц
ڰүոձΪ˶ʱأϾֻ˵һ䣺ʲôɹصģֻǴͷҲδ֪
仰֪ôľʹ˹
Ȼ˶
ǿ񣬽ȥɷ򡪡ͿүпڴͷϻŸղūֽŵı顣
Ƽ־ʾڴߡ
Զһֻñ˴ﶼ̤ʵһЩ
ү֪ϵģҲ֪ʲôסԽԼﵣĵһ¶˵˳
¶㲻ʲôһλˣاģԭιɡ
ʮ꣬˳κܶ
һȥ㳤֮ãֱǻ
Ǿϸ£ȴһֽگ飬ٻ˾֮Уԭߣ캺ͳ
ոյǻз͡
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ΪʲôԼصؽٻؾǣȴֳٳûж
˵ʶ˵ĲŻү˵ʲôҲŵġ
Լλĸ米ܵͼ;ëȻ
һ¶»֪үĹϵ֣͵˵˳
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󣬰үֱʮİ罨˻԰
Ҫǻ˴ǰҲ㲻ʲô¡
һˡ
үǵġϷסɷ֣ǵ۾͵
Ըˡү̾һֽ뻳С
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ôһ˲䣬ͻȻеһ˿ңҺԼûкӡ
Ļǵ꿪ʼݺµһ򾡵һգģܲ˺ѷأ
ү§ӣȻ͸еֱһȡ
Ŀ⣬Լֱһۡ
үû˵ʲôֻǸ˹ϡ
ԸŮˣµֱȼ޸ǰʮ껹Ҫࡣ

³ۼǰԲ԰
ԴӵǻطGһ̤Բ԰ҲԲ԰һΪ԰չǰ
ǴǰĻӷ԰
ոսԲ԰УΪǰûȫչһеķ羰ԭһ͸Ϥ
ǵȵʹ̷£ӣūǴӵŷ½ӵʱ򣬸ǰߵʱͷֻ֣ǰûôĶ
ı仯ɴˡϲˡ
ǺϾͶš
ʺʹʱˣһЩʱ±̳ѿţķ羰ŽһƯأ
Ϻӣһ·С
һ˵һҪסӣʹĽ£
վں߿˺һǺ΢΢Щԣתͷסڴ̾˿ϧ
˵û
˵ɻڻ죬ÿճĺգԲ԰ĺɻƷֱͺͱ𴦲һῪøһЩ
ôţкЩĺɻѾʼˣҶƬҲˡ
ǹɷ羰ġ
Բ԰񸮵ר˵Ⱥڴˣʺͻʹסʱʺﳤõפںɻԣ¶Ȼ֮ɫһϧ
ܹˣϽ͹ͷ


669 һ

ˡ
ͺ͹ĵһۻľҪŭţԵϲ
ɻһпݰܵĵطԳˡ
ϿݴȵҲͰˣĹˡ£һ׷ȥǳԲ˶ߡ
Ҳ֮ǰԴӻϴҴҵǨϽǻԲ԰Щ
ۼżܹܹԼǰҲû£ֻ˵ɻҪʰʰͷ˾ͻ㱨ʹˡ
һ˵һ߿ԣԲ˵ˣֻֻ˻ӣ˶ȥˡ

Բ԰ǵĶӴҲѾʰ׵
鷿λ˶ڻ޽е͵Ҳ칫
ھӴͺС򱻷ֱ;һݡ
ūǴӵţһ롣
ոսˮ
Ӫ⾳
ɽңɽɽ¡ϪˮԣһƷҲܶ࣬ɽҡҡҶҡ
Ȼڻʮһʱڣǿȵ괺ʱһɽҰӢͷס
ңˣһ֮ϱһֱȥһһԴǵ
ȥ֮þͨһƬ羰֮
Ȼ˹Ϊ
类;ӵĵضҲöǰ
Ƭˮϣˬˡ
ֵ˹õһС鷿á
ϾСһ㣬յԲ԰ѾĽɵһͰǰǰȫܱˡ
磬Ҳסá뵽ͣЦŵ
νرһˣ˫ԺΧһȦ

ʺ֮ӣܺµԲ԰˰Ȧ
Բ԰ԭ죬ϲ͵ڸֵԡ
벿ֶǺǾӴ
ʵϽǲֻ࣬С˶ѡǰ£Ǻ󹬡
ӣԭȾסԺӹȻѾطGķԸϸķ
ԭԺӲԶĶҲѾˣ¿֮Ķٽ֣ǻ˸ֽ
ӣΪʹľӴ⸣Աߡɽ
ǰα̣ԶɽɫλúãطҲǸذĽ
װεʮֻӡŴͼҾ߶̴ľǶ˽顢䡣
ȻЩ˸󣬵ӣո߽ȥЩˡɽܿεĳ谮
öΪã滹һСԺӣƽĹֻŻʹȷԵñ䣬ҲԵ鷿ƷⷿҲԡ
񸮵ǰһ·ӭȵڽһа׵ˣֻ˵ҴŻʹϢһ·˳ȥˡ
ӣ߽ɽůһ߿öµŮææ⣬һūǽӰȥĶ
ϵĴƷȫˡȻͰȫµıӴʣöȫˡ
һ·Ļɫ
ɫҲǵıɫȥһƬοˬúܡ
ӣͼĴʣһ棬ֹܷó棬ֺÿ
ů͸ŵĻ㣬ԺƵýϽǵĴһƬӰȲӰɹ⣬Ҳڴµ˱ɹš
ӣַӣڴ¡
ƣӦԲ԰Ϻһˡ
ûиСǲܻȥϽǵġ
ȥҲáӣţϾԲ԰ɢЩ񡢶ǽ԰۾ۣȻҲһЩ
뵽ǣӣɵ¶Цݡ
λױ̨һ̧ͷͭԼϵЦݾȻ͸֡顱
ӣһϽ־Լ

ȣҲЩ޷ǱЩСˣ϶ࡣ
ˬˬ֮ӣȥƽӦôĸ֡
ûߵǶ;ˡ
ˣȲʱˡ
ҡҡͷö־ͻů˯һ
ϾǸոհһ죬ﻹ¡ӣҲҲû˯ãһʱûԼˡ
һůöˣڵźӴЬ
һߴһöСصӣŻʺľӴһҴϿɽˡ
ӣ̧ۿһۣöһԵ˵ˣһҴǻϰŸʺġ
ǻʺձ񸮵˽˻ʺӴû⡣
ϲ
ӲİᵽһҴ
һҴͼϼӣ룬΢΢ͷ
֣ʵһԺ


670 ɽ

ʵǽʺݣǲӦסһҴִԺġ
ңӿͼҲܺԵĿóһҴĲ߻ǸһЩλ׼ġ
Ҳܼ򵥡λݵˡ𣬾Ͳܺͱ˼һԺˡ
϶ԼӵԺӡ
һλʺȥסԺ⡭
ҲԲ԰ˣɢЩ
ϽǶ϶ϲܵġ
öԱߣһ־šˮһߵݹӲϴ͵ӣʺ⻹š
î˾ܹϵľ̸һЩء
˵ֻ̧ۣһۡ
öͱ죬Ҷ˵ˡ

һҴ֮УűӣĴתתȥһȦ
ֱüطɣơ
˵ϽǱˣǰһ·δرȵӺԺ
ǣ˺ᣬƫƫиױȵƣ
һţһ߾Ӹؿڣó⼸գ˰˰ǻˣ°Բ԰
ã洺磬˵
ûŲһֻݹȥ飬Ȼþܾ
ضδֵ

ȵʺʰ׵ˣɹǶ밲ˡ
¾ӣ鶼Щ˷ܣ밲ݵҲƽʱһ޶
޷ǻʺһʴҿʲôȱٵģȻ˶лʺģ޻ʺ͵¡
ĬĬźڻʺߣһһ죬ԺӲؿĸ칬
ƨĴһҴʵǺáïǸͷ
ϿʼŻЦҡͷţǡʲôģͷ㲻ɵضˡ

ȵŵʱһҴƾ͸͹ԳˡϽǾŷҲ
ϽһϵŷΪŷһŷרŷʵ˽ǰ󹬵ʳ
һḺʱ£ŵҹȵȡ
õŷֲԲ԰ССദǺ󻰣Ҳۡ
ʺһҴУҲԼŷǱϾԲ԰Ĺزôϸ
ټϻڹʱ򣬾һ£һţ˾ζĲȣ˴ŷֱ˴˲ȥͲ˸ʹ
ʹԣοһʺأ
۳һҴŷûȫ׵ȥŷЩˡ
˵ŷﶼϽԭҲǸողŰ
еС̫ˮס⳵̳ĶûɤԺʦŷȥ
һƬ
ò΢Щ·ܹ̫һʺҲŷţЦУȴ޲ֱҡ
ӵĳԺȣСҲǴ¡˵赭д·ֻǴ˳Ἰˣζʡ
Ƕŷ˵ɲС¡
ڹŷŷʺǵŷǸ˾ְ
ʺĿζ
˵䲻µԴĻ˳谮ʹݲؽƵķͷţ»ʹͲ˵ȥʻʹĿζǵǸġ
ǻʺ󡭡ĳ¶

һҴ϶ǰʳ±档
±ķĺܾ£޵͵УΪõͣһƣζȫɢˡ
ԱߣζһǺ̲סһڿˮ
ʺ˫ַ˿ӡ
ӣ˼ڲŷ֣ǿȥˡ
ʵʽۣ΢΢ŵζڻ㡣
һҲ̼ˡ
֪ͽһ±涼ˡ
ԱߣԾˡþûʺôõθˡ
ȵűϣŮǽŵؽϱյȫʰȥпڴµϣһ֧ͷĿ
ŵؾ˳ůˡ
Ժ̨ףһ̧ͷɿŹȥŷŵС̫ڽͷӶ
λεͷϡҫۣ˭ҲûƼ
ܾߣԼԼ˵ʲôǳɽ±桭
߹ȥʱﻹûתȵ˼͵վס˽š
ɽǻʹϲ±档

ҹĻ١
һҴǰµĹȫѾˣǸźԶԶȥܿһƬƻ財
һҴãֻ˵ϴˣֱȥˣѹûлؾ̡
ȥТ˳ˡȥ̫ˡ
žȼϣϾǹԲ԰ĵһգû׼һҪһҴ
Ǻܿ죬Ͼ͹ˡ
ԵĽɽȥˡ


671 

ɽ֮УƻͨӣոմӺԺӻ
ŰѺƽֱӸĳɿⷿתһȦЩ᲻ˡƽĸֺܺãɹҲͨ͸ټҰҲ
ôһõطҪǸĳɿⷿδЩ˷ѡ
ȵصǰ棬ûҲˡ
вáϣƻ貣沨ԣԶԶȥ̫Ǵŵĵӳںϣӣ
ںʲôطGðҪӣס
ӣ˳סĸ첲һ˵һ̨ߡ
ԺӣͦϲǵɿⷿղôϸϸһƣЩ᲻á
ӣһ̨ףһתͷ΢΢طG
طGž΢Ц̾§סʲô᲻ãΪ޽Щ޻ҪһĹҸءסٻЩˡ
ӣһӾվסˡ
ͣ½ŲطGҲ͸վסôվ̨϶š
ӣʵеض͵ϣѾܺˣ
طGЦЦҲûȥסļżڲŸոհ̫࣬һʱ仹û׵ȵ棬ϲķþǡ
֮Уƣ˳־ͷһӱӲݵɫ̫Щ
ӣãôһ˵һ飬ľɫЩѹˡ
ҲΪصɫѹסݻİ裬Ե̫š
ҵǾûãÿ䡣ӣ
طGͷ⻰û
ְԼǰ͸ˡԭ̴Ҿϵο̣Ƶ̼ĩһչʼΪơ
ɽеļҾ߶ơΪ׷ͳһǺܽϸڵġ
ӣ棬طGҲ£ȥĵֽԲ԰Ŀͼ˹
ǣӣ֣˵ůͼֽ̿طGͣΪΪʲôѡڸߣΪһǴǰ͵ǴӺḷܷ̌㡣
ﻹҪ㣬Ƿ羰ɽŷҲԶֻ޵ӣסָſͼһҶӣ
˵һ䣬طGüۺЦ
ӣʼɵĸŵͷŷӦЦǸèء
ܶ˵㡪ŷȻ·Խ̣Խ͵߲źá
ϾԲ԰Ҫ·ôһ飬ˣͲóˡ
ӣе㾽е㿪ĵֹȥסطG
ϡ
طGһЦ־Ͱסˡ
ϾǸոչԲ԰طG鼫ãȵֽ֮ɽеūȫʹһ顣
ݵȼĲͬʹ͵Ҳһ
˻ϲأͿͷлĵȻʹ߾Ƿˮء
ҹʱطGůﵹСһ˲Ŵӽɽ
ӣ֣طGſڡ
֪ΪʲôղҪС˯һ£ȻΪҪһͨˡ
꣬檡ǺܵӡӣʵûסС
طG֣Լ󣺡޶Щ޷
ӣ룬꣬˲£ʢʱڷãֻǲװɣ
طGҡͷɺģɫصᡣ
Ȼᣬ̬ȴǺܼģӣطGɫ֪Щ˵Ҳǰ˵
Щȥء
һȥһ㿪ʼۣһĸ֮ǰ˯һСʱ
λĹģʽӵǻԺѾȫܿƵؿˡ

Բ԰ӹ÷ɿ죬ΪһƬɽˮ֮Улʹλӷǣϵۼָ
ǻֻۣȻٺʹȴЩ½ˡ
˿ʱ򿴲һ׳Ӱ
ӰҲͰˣؼǻʺӰˣҲģԷʱ򻹻Ż
տʼ֢״ʱֻϲĺܣòŻܹùáǲҪʺ̫ҽѰ
ĬĬľҡͷˡһĶڻʹʺ
תۼ䣬ʮ¡
Ʈ㣬Ҳתˬۿûа㳷Ͻǵ˼ҲͶİˡһһء
û׼Ӻ䣬Բ԰أ
ۿžǰ
˵ΪɥԵʣҪһдӼ򣬵ߵʽٲˡ
һֻ۾񸮵ĵӣ棬ʱʱıԹ۾
Թ
ӣܿϵ˼Ǵݵվǰϥ
ʺ糼λãʲô֮Ҳϡ


672 ˶

׵Ĵһ⻰վŸˡ
̾˿ͷֱֽӵݸӣ
ӣ˫ֽӹ֮󣬿һС֣Ϳʼ
ݣһ򶨸οĵ·һȪȵ֮䡣
ţҲòղôķˡ
ӣ̧ͷһۻʺξϣͿԼ
Ҳ֪ǲӣĴôһ˲䣬Ȼϵзһ˿
ľ

صɽŽӣͳһ
ոշʹ͵һߺôŮɽ״
ӣƺɫƤ΢΢Ϊ磬ͥԺΪǰ֣ŰڣҲվһŮֳ֥Χмɽľ
ҲֻѰһʹͰˣӣܾŮӿ졪ϸ˺üŻȻ̵ķԼ
Ůϵòȫǰģġ
öսⷿһӣһ̧־ֹסˣֱ˸ŵԼױ̨Աߡ
ڶϣطGʱ򣬿Աߣɵ΢΢ЦƳˣ
ӣױ̨ǰĿӹĵصҺϲ
˵ˣָĿˣ檺ϲ
ȻһͷĿطG
˶Цˡ

ŮԱźţطGӹŮеӾ͵°ɡ
ȵůūŶȥˣطGһӣ˿һĳһӣš
ůûˣӣҲͲˣλ֮Լͷ˿
ͭ΢΢˲ԴӾطG
˵Ŀھｻˡ
طGһЦʽ񽳵գϸ°ոսһǧϣּ⣬촦һȥݣٵһȣ滹иζͽأ
ӣôһ˵ؾˣת֮ǰǻǱۡʱѾ޲ڣ˵
˵ǵ˿һȥ档
һתۣİͱ˻ϣҪҲٲˡ
һһƷ˿ͲϣطGᰴסļ򣬳𶯡
ĵ˿˿΢΢סļͷӾ۾һһֵӣģôˣʹĻһ
ӣǵ˵ͷȻ̧ۣžЦˡ
ȻţɱϾ顪Ůӣü۽ǴǶմȾһЩµĺۼ
طGһ統꣬޸ı䡣
ЦЦţӣۿȻЩˡ

ˡ
µ۵ǻ֮һڣΪϽ֮У˲١
Բ԰ʺʹ밲Ƿˡ
񣬶Ҳˡ
ΪѾǻλΪŮҲͬı㱻˹
ͶǺ˶ȴ˹׹ֻӵŮӵеķš
Ȼ⣬ĳλʮֵõϵĳ谮ҲԱΪ׹
翵谮ĹܹͲǻʺϵŮ
ΪλʺûһλŮ龫֣ʮֵõϵϲλҲ١
Ůű˹׹
ӣҲһȻøʵϲͬʱĸǻʹλ
һҴ֮Уӣһĸܵ˴˴֮Ӷ࣬ƣԹƵġ
ɵľͱܿǱ߸·ͼͷͽǣһרŸϢƫ֮
ҲǰΧˣѹϾ˼ӣ
öӣãִӣһȫˡ
źӡ
ҲĸǲţӣţԾľЦǶ쵽̫Ѩˣöƣ
ˡΪǹ׹ݣһ
΢΢һᣬ־ͽס˶֣üͷ㣬ʲôһ𣡡
˵žŶǰȥˡ
ۿԼǰӣ˵סǵǸ
ŮӶѾ˶ˣӣǣ͸о·һлա
ڴǰӺ¾ãůգ︡Ķ԰ӣ
ŮӻСʱͷͷ粢ż磬ڴһС廨ӡ
ʲôˡ
ʲôûб䡣


673 ʹ

ĺһ棬һҴе˺ǵЦ
ӣߺͶ˵ﱲǾΧ׽Բء
һһ߿ЦĸǸںֱ׷ţʱʵ׷ˣֻֻܿܲסذСӣ㣡㣡
ӣţĺǲСˤˣϽ˰Ƕˡ
ߣȥǻʶơӣʱӦòˣʺЩǣҲøˡ
Źȥʺ˵һȻŹԼĽɽ
ĸŮһҴȥ
ոճȥײˡ
һȺ˹¸밲Ҳźӹʰ꣬귨
涼ˣЦЦǿĵĺģطG֣΢Цŵ
ӣҲЦСǶͣÿһ顣
طGˣǰȥͰŮˡ
СŮһ˫ƯӣʼеӣȥСԱ߰οš
ܿ͸˵Ц
ǡطGӣ
ӣǸһ£˵ԼǴŹǣʺȥһȻȥɽ
طGˣƽ˳ˮ۵ص˵һǣһȥ
һʰô˵͹ס˻ʰĸ첲
Ǹǰʱһ̬棬߸˵صʰ꣬ߣ

һҴ֮УһūŴҴҹڻʺߵ˵˼䡣
Աߣ˵ĲǣүղűһҴġ
˶Ѿһֻ̤ˣײ˻ʹλӲˡ
ţûʲôˣԱߵȻҲʶȤŻʺɫһһį˸Ͻ͹ˡ
һҴĴ⣬ս̧ͷȥܿĻϷһƬһƬƣ͸ŵϺɫ
ۿƺһҪˡ
̺ʺȲʱ򣬻һỻ˷۾ҩһʵڲܣʺϡǺòײһأ
ַסҩ֪
ǾΣ
Ҳºȼյ裬˵䲻ʹ̲Ļ˵͵Ҫ£´
νġ´Ρ͸֪ʲôʱˡ
ܹʺﴷȡ
ʵҲó̬ѾЩƹˤˡ

ɽһʲݳƤ÷Ѿ׼ˡ
һһյˡ
ȵ£ӣŷ׼õҹӱʶ֥ƴ˫šǻƴɸ⡣
͸пһûĸˡ
û˵Լȫ̶չ˺ӣӣԱ΢Цſţһ߻ѣеĸճԴ󡢲СǲܶԵġ
˸㣬˵һۼͷ¡
ϾǶѾΪ˸ˣȻ᲻ãʱҲ˵뿪Բ԰ʱ
ӣ᲻ãһ·ذѶ͵ǰĵط
ǵζѾڴ˴ˣǰ͵ǰ֮
Ϊȷʵǰˡ
ôһлôӣ·ϣŶ֣
ʵոչʱˣ˶ӡ
ȵòĸŮദʱֹˡ
ʼվûüʡ
ǲģϧεӣó
ټϵݹһҲҸֻҪʶЦݾ֪ˣǺٵġ
Ƕӣǵ֮ǰɷЩĦ
˵Ǹˣֻ˼ȤչǷޣôɣ̾һ
ɫЩ˵κƣ롣
ӣһʱЩĬȻĻϤ
Խ֮ǰڹ˾ʱҲһЩͬлҳʱ򣬱Թ˵Ļ

ŮɽոսůӣͿطGȻŸ߸ߵۡ
ꡭһĺ«ȻӲľ
Ϊء
Ͼǰڡ
İޱ̧ͷһۣͷۡ
ӣվԭأһһŲȥȻЦеľ;ڣϢĿʼվԱ߸ī
ĥʮ£ͿûסЦˡ
ӣ֣߰ڸǲסЦϷʣʹôӡһõȣ
ӣ˵ԸҪµĺòã
˳˽ĻЦеؾ͵֪𷣳檰ɡ
طGͷζض˺һȴֻıӣͻȻӣӻʺУ֮£Ŵȥж


674 ϵ˼

طGˣӣҲͲƤЦˡ
ֱͦ壬ظͣʺۼʱз˵檺ʹǲ飬Ҫйø⡣ͷȥʱ䣬ҲûʲôЧʡ
طG˵Ҫйø⡱ʱ΢΢һ£Ĩһ˿΢ɲĿЦ
ʵˣ
ӣ˶٣طGԼǺؼµԳ檾뵽ôӡҲҪȥ밲ģֱжʺҲûʺﵱ±ϡһðšòõģʺﵱԸš
һ̯֣ɵصҶ㡣
طGĺһӣĿģȻһӶ֪˵ʲôˡ
ӶĿȻ޿ײ룬ڡһҴҲ֪ġ
ʼ˵ǻʹжʺһΪǻʺĿɣӣ棬һжǼʱ
ǰʵĺİϷɶȥˡеӸλޡ˺Ҳйġ
˵ס
ӣôһ˵Ըⷨӡ
üһ
ɵô۾ôʵأ
طG߬ס֣ĬĬӣĸ££Աߵ鷢
ӣˣطG֣еԥǡʲô𣿡
˶٣Сһ㣺檡Ĳף
֣סգͷ˵ĶͷһƽصĺܺãֻЩ¶Ϊʹ㶨ᣬδҪʻʺ󡣡
һܲһӣѾ˫ַϰˡ
ֻûȨˣɵӡ
Ѳɻѷˣιﰡ
ӣһ£СҶ᣿⡭
ûӻԼطGҡͷ̾Ц֪˼Ҳǣ㡣
룬סֵ˼֣Ҳԣֻ´ҸʶĶֵȥжҪԼôࡣ޵ǻã֮Ҳ࣬ǰ̫ǻδȫ׵׳ڸĵطҲ࡭
ˣйȥᣬʲô©ӣǾߣҲͲ׳Կˡ
طGôţ¶һ˿΢Ц
ôһ˲䣬Ȼʶ뷨˵Щˡ
Ҳֻһ˲뷨
Ϻܿ㱻֮Ժȥˡ
øźúѧԱ濴šҪй¶ͲԼ¶֪ôطGסӣ֣ض۾
ӣĬˣȻ˵ͷȻ־ƺĶͷ
Ķأ
Ҫй¶ͲԼ¶
͵̧ͷطG
طGؿ
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677 

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680 

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ӣΪˣϾӭӺ˶Բ԰ĵǶѾ˴죬ټ͵æ
ֻ᰾һҹ
ӣ˶Ѿ׼˯ˣůĵƶֻһյƻʵģڴͷϣһϲƽı׼ƿס
˵ݵӣһĲ׶ˡ
öϽźЬӡ
ŴһֻطGѾˡ
ڴϣһͷӼɢ䣬һֻűڵϵŮţеǱϡ
û˵꣬طG͹סļ򣺡޲֪ѾЪˣʱ硣
˵꣬Ϧһۣŷﻹ簡ǰϢѾҹˡ
Ϊʱϰ߰ҹԲŻʱ򻹸硣
ӣסҲûˣһסطGӣһ̲סĴǷˮźϴɣ
طGͷ˳ڴرһֻϥϣһֻסӣļ粿ǰӹ¶࣬˲ӣټ⼸æź˶¶Ҳû˵ϣȥһֱæڣ뵽ˣơ
ӣôһ˵֪ǴһֱӿڡôҲó˸Сʱˡ
ǵǰһӣ׵һ黹۵ĺܣ̫ҽǰǰҲ˺üˡ
˵ҪúϢ
Ȼĺ«ͷúܡ
ӣطGߣֲ̧᲻صظ˼
˳ұߵļͷ£𣿡
طGĿ񣺡û֪ˡ
ӣһĵĪǾ׵أֱ۶ľ
أϵ
طGòסһ޿κεص٩־ɲС
˸ո˵˼лתλСϡ
ӣѽնԹǵİչȫطG˵һ顣
طG΢΢ۣһһ߾͵ͷӸսȻʲôϤշżȵסˣǡ
ӣ˵ͷ͵Ϻͳ뵽һȥˡʵջҪԸ檾¹ǽѾμһĵʵ̫ۣŹ˵Ҳ١
طGֱ£Ƿĵġ
˵仰þõԶ𣬹˰̾ϢһҲûйˣϣʮܲҪԹޡ
ӣԱ֪ʮܡָȻׯˡ
ΪʮȻ˭׸ɹˡΪףһʹޱȵġ
ּܿô

ů֮Уһʱ䰲ӣȻ뵽
޸Լϲ꣬ڸĸߣҲɿɰ
ͬΪ֮Ůȴȫͬ
ֿоաϾ֮λãӵɽ˵ᣬŮˣԼŮˡ
˭룿
طGʧܣôһЩꡭ
˵׼񱻷ɺ˶ӽԤɵģԼŮˡ
ӣôţɵúϾͳһ亹
Һáү˳ǻ

һҹߣʱطGѾˡ
ӣԺŮԼױȵʰ֮Աߣųһ룬ȥǱߵūŻ㱨ˣ˵ƺֹ˳ͻ
ֹׯĵճŮӣ쿴⺢ӵʱ򣬾;ȻҲнĺܣ۾һɲľȻܿڼҵʱǱĸŵġ
ȻŹһϣжˡ
ô£ӣһ߽ӹöֽӣѸٵĲ˲ǣūš
˴˵һ飬ӣˣԭСѧǣСԸ⡣
Ҳǹˣ֮ǰǾϸѡģû뵽ǳ¡
ΪϣԵǸŰޡ
еū˼
ӣҴվߣȥơ
ոճ˽ɽһɴţëϸʹ˹ӣɵضһ¡
ʹĽѾȺڽɽſˣūǼʹһ밲
ö׷˶ŷӣ˽
ȥӳˮ㻹һξģһ·Ҫɽ밲ļɡ
ԶԶļ˻ʹǼܣϽڵ·Ը밲


681 

ӣŹȥǣҴҵĻ˻֣ʾ
ĿŻʹȥ
ӳˮ㣬濴ŻǺúõģӣ΢һȵȥͿֹ۾վڴ֮УһСúͮͮġ
ǰͷɫҲ̫ãһתۿʹϽ밲ͷ
ӣû߹ȥס˰ֹ֡
ֹ죬ȻĹĵģִӣг
ǵװŶԷǻʹ󣬰ֹԥһ¡
ôһԥĵӣͰԼǰˡ
ϾŮˣŮޣóġӣֹޱߵ鷢͵ô¶ܶԱ˵˵𣿡
ֹǴۣȻһ̧ӣίίذ˵һ顣
ԭӳˮķ̵ǣȻҲ˻ʹɸѡλͷֻһҴǱ͹ˡ
ˡлʵڵʱλҲ˹ǡ
ʱǸһġ
һҴλҲ﹫ѵǵ˼
ϾŮСڹĹǷ棬ֻֻۡҲ͹ȥˡ
ǽвٵطҪġ
ͷҲӹӴ£̬һֱԱ˵
ֹܵūˡ
Ǹո뿪û죬էء
ָо͸ˡ
ӣˣŹֲͷһҴˣ⡭
ִԼǰժӣֹϸĲ˲ᡣ
ȻֹҲǰ˾СŮҲѾðˣϵ֬۱Ϳһ㣬һ忪Գ
ȥױòãͲƯˡӣֹĺס
ֹͷ
Ȼʱ䲻ãǴǰׯҲ˵үҲֻһλʹ󹬶ýˡ
λʹǱۡ赽Ͻǣһֱôꡣ
ƾ˭ǧܵ˻ʹ
⿴λʹܹô֪꣬Բ򵥡
ֹǵԼʱͷŶ˵顪˵ʱ࣬·λʹʲôħ֣һҪʮֵעԴ
񡭡ֹŻʹԼһһ飬ĸš
Ǹ
˱죬ؾ͸ӣůˡ
ӣļ£ԱߵŮѾ֬ȫӣͷţЦŵϲҩζģ
ֹ˵˿ûʶڲ⣬һ±飬Ȧ˵ͷ
ӣһЦתͷԸö˻ȥȥɽǰҩõ塢ۣ֬ȡиֹھȥ
ֹ̧ͷĿӣ
ˡ
ӣģɵؾСʱ
СʱҲп޿䣬ˣСӵʱ򡪡ӲֻҪ˳ëû¾ͺˡ
ʵ֮Կޣ޷ĵίû˿ˡ
ֻǴǶΪȡ֡
ͷҲˣúᡣӣһ˵һִԱŮнӹӡ
ֹЩղͷϣʲô˵ʲôȫƾԣʱ򽥽ƽʶ˲ס
Ͼǻʹأ˶Ҫˡ
ֹӣѾµ˵ʲô
΢΢һЦְס˹ļ͵Ҫôʱ򣬱Ҳͷ
˶٣Ҫ̫࣬Ժļңʰꡢʶбˡ
ֹ̧ͷͭӣ˵ˡ
ӣСֹķʲںڷӲͷֶ࣬һץǳһѡ
ӣϲķʽֹһͷ
ȵˣִԱŮж˹κУѡ˼ֻӣֹϣžϸһҡҡͷǰֹôÿ⼸ֻӵЩѰˡ
˵꣬־ʹԼһҩ״ӣͷϸϸظֹϡ
ҩ÷̶ɵģ͸ͷҲ󣬴ͷϳģһ°ѷٸѹǰȥˡ
ĵðֹСˡ
ܿóֹϲ͵͵̧ۣӾһӣȻͷЦˡ
ӣҲЦˣļʾԱߵŮ֬
ŰֹžգӣϵЦݣŮ߳ȥȥͷˡ
һɵĹҪô׼ȴҪһŰġ
ͣ˵󲻴˵СȴҲС
Ѿܶµʱˡ
ΪׯĵճŮͽССѾԹ޵ӡ
֮𣬿ԭطG֮λֿסҲ±Щ˴мˣ¶
ûϵйϵǱҡ
˫۾ڿµ۵Ů
طGչλԭ⡣


682 ִ

֮Уͷڣ֪ƲȼʹˣûȻʹѾع˵ϴſǻūźͿūŸʹ
ӣŮǴӵɨһǰ֣ģͬʲôϵ
һ֪λʹΪԻʺҲ𾴣ſСȥһСŮģ
û뵽ڱ
ʱˣſڵϣͷŵ棬һ˫ӹ๾ֱתֻʹЦЦĶ̡
һĭðһ亹
ӣէС⼸ջƣ۵úܣҲĶŹѧأֲٵģڵǽƳʲô¶мԴ𣿡
һĴ˿ǻæԼ⣺ʹңԹ裬ūҲֻùѧϰأӦлūûлģūš
ӣ΢΢ü̧֡
ԱŮǰȥֵסˣ֣Ϣأ
ӣ۽ޣ˳ֶ˹ԱϷĲյͷŲյ뵵ų˵İûէȻҪѧôѧѧʱѧȴɲūΪС
˶٣ûٿֻ֣ǻĽΧɨһȦ֪֮УЩǰֹˣڶǰ
ūһЩŮ֣Ⱥ˳ӣǰ
ͷȥ
ӣһȥ˵ͷҪ˵öѾĴӽɽˣлŸֹ֬ۡ
ӣö
ӣãȥ

ֹů֮һ̧ͷӣͿ첽ߵߡ
һ֣뵽ղܵίӿˡ
ӣסС֣Լ㣬ۿŰֹᱻȥˣӣ΢΢һЦ˴ӣָָЩūֻͣЩźɻã
ֹһӣ˵ͷ
ԱߣͿλʹﵱ˿͡˵ǳӳˮɨС̫ˮŷȴʹѾͷ֮⣬ūŶʱߡ
Ǻֲ˵
ֹֻˡ
ֶˡ벻λʹȻ˵˵ز
Աߵ̲סԹĿͶ֡
ūžҪūŵľôġԼˣź˶ָֻš
һӿɺãòķʲ̣ûˣ
ʹūšֻЩ̶˼̧ͷӣǿŵ
ôҲǻʺﰲˡ
ɮ濴棬ΪһҴӣʹҲܾô˸ϳȥ
ǻʹѾȥˡ

͵֮УǸոɢȥطGǾЩƣˡ
΢΢ϣĿƬִ̣ϽǵӣʢϢ߽˵ɽ˹ˡ
ʹ˲ʽ˵Ϲȥء
طG΢΢һƽֻҪ˿գȥӣ￴
ӣȥʱʵࡣ
ʲôҪ˵ɡ
طGôţеľ͵Ĵһۡ磬ҫ۵ĺܣǰĺϣһƬƬĿĹâ
ĴԽԽŨˡϾҲѾˡ
֪ˡطG˵ͷ
ʢȥˡ
ȵ˰ʱ֣طGȥһЩ˽ɽͿӣѾڴǰˡ
檶Ի˵¶һס֣
طG飬ŲµǺ󹬵
סż޽ȥˣ˵
˵ůȥطGվУֱֱūźȥۡ
ӣֽϴˮдʪˣݸطG
ϴˮòҩѬģɢ΢΢Ŀɬӣһ߰ӵݸһ߾ͰѰַֹͻ˵һ顣
ȻְԼţūŶǲȥľٶҲطG˵һ飺СŸոսպ󡭡
ӣ˵ѡɡָʡˣȥŽŵڹﱾҲסϼ꣬ţô̵ʱ䣬ŸСŤ
˵ˣ̧ͷطGͿû˵һ˿Цݣޡ
ĵҲûʲôֻһ¶ͷһҴģ檡ӣֱطG
סƣֵ¶˵һ顣
ϵūᣬʮ۵ıŮ
طGղŻڱĿۣӣֹոսʵڲϰߣչҲá¶ִ׵ʱܺá


683 δ̫

˶٣Ȼּһ䣺ǴĻʹհǰ˺¶޸ܷȥ޵ӣзִġ
ůūżʹ˵Ǳ㶼ʰ˳ȥˡ
ӣطG⻰ƫ磬ͷһƬᡣ
û˵طGѾ§ӶȦ
һͷϾüۣʺ㲻Ҫģ޶֪չ˵ףΪޣ
طG˵ʱµӣϣӣ΢΢תͷȥ
طGֱӰԼﰴ˰ֱҲսˡ
ů֮⣬ŷС̫ѾȲһ͵˵⣬ڵﲼõŮöùùã⡭
ö˸ƣǰȥůſڣסϸůĶ
Ȼһ˸ƣȫȥˡ

һҴ֮УʺϺܿϢǰּ⣬Ҳ޿κΡ
ǶǲߣЩûӡ·˵Ϊʺȴû۹ѡƵġ
οĿǰۼͷʹ֢֮ûأﻹоȥܵЩ
ҲɵĹ꣬Ҳͼ޳ȥˡܹԱߣؾȰʺ
ķ˵ûдѾ˾ˣԲ԰꣬Σ
˵ףչ鲻Ů
ǲĵġ

תۼѾȥˣڵӺĶڣԲ԰ѾһƬľ
ֹӳˮ֮⣬ˮ٣ϰϰ
Դֻ˸֮󣬰ֹʱ;Ӻùˡûġ
νġʰꡱ׹˵һ񣬶һˡ
µ֮࣬Ȼľͳϱɽȥ׹档
׹곤һ꣬ǸС㡪ʵϸ·ݣ˵Ĳֻа˾Ÿ¡
ͬˡ
ˣλʹ͡Ļʹﰲŵġ
񵥱ȽĺӿʵϻֵģϾ׹̫Ůֹֻ֮Ů
Ҳ⵱ׯҲ͸ʹӣһѣ밲ӵĩβڵ˵Ůˡ
ӣյʾ֮طGһЦҲ͸׼ˡ
ѪǸϵġ
ѾѱðŮӲؽӽ˹Ҫ⺢ֻϻʰꡢʶôܣ
ԽԽ׼ӵ淴ġ
ŶȥŶׯҲм
Ȼ֮ׯлһһݽˡ
˵λׯӣҲ֪һЩġΪС͵յĸǶ࣬յʱҲֻǸꡣ
ׯûоյķ粨֮С
Ű£һְ֧˰磬Կİ硣
Ǳׯʮܾˡ
ûʲôҰģֻŹԼƽӣѡܱ̤һػˮ
˭뵽ˣȵµ۵ǻ֮ȴһپͷ
˴****֮һׯȥʱׯС˿Լ̳µԵʮϮ
ʮ粻Ѵ֮ͻ****Ҽ̳˾޶Ҳҵõµ۵ĿޡʮĵشƽٵȻزڴ󡣡
ӣǣʮʵ¶޺ܷġ
һ仰ǣ˹֪֮
ۿׯ֮빬лֹҲ˳ȥ
Ůڹбչ˵úܺãׯимЦ̣ǻ
֮УĽúۡ

﷢µ۵ǻһ¶ֵ÷з
Ǿ޲صҡ
˵ⳡңʵӺԪͿʼˡֻʱطGոյ˵λλȣϾ˼档
ȵͷȨȶطGøԶ󽫾Ңͳƽ޲صˡ
ⳡһʹһ࣬һֱҢĴĴᶽ֣·޲صѾӪأܻ޲صĸסãնɱˣƵ޲صһ·ƨӵ׼
ӴˣⳡҲ˽׶ԵĽ
ҲطGʼ´󳼣רŹϽຣ
ǰǣ£һһΧƵĶҡ
ᣬطGҲ˺ͲĻᡪ£ԼصĶƵۡ
һ˫˫۾š˶õ棬ʲô˵ģ
ͰȻδ̫ˡ
ӺĸǣȻѾǻϸ÷͵һҲû£׹˶
ǶС
ƫƫǡٳһҲû⡣


684 ˿

⣬ӵĲӴ⣬һԶ׼ġȻ뵽յĲңϣСֵǽıһ顣
Բųٳûж̫ӣֻź
ԽԵԺͰİͿء
á
ֱ˻̫أ

£Sﴫ˺Ϣĵոˡ
طGȻˣ׼һͨʹͣʹԲ԰ֱ͵˺Sȥ
ȵӣ̲סпSͺͣͲ˼꣬SˣǺСӣʲôʱжأ
ϾҲѾͶϳɻüˡ
йɥѾʼĥǲҪٸ͸ϼˣ
ǱϾճӻûϵҲȫǡ

ɽͷѵú͵ּ⣬ܹĸ밲
ӣһûˣһ˵Ҫɽ֮жæµ
һװ˳˺üϲԵĵġ
ĸԶ͵ͷͿϵĵġСʱϲԵġ
ӣЦݶҪˣöӣȳ
͵ûŶӣǰǰ˶Σ˵ɽ֮У羰ãٺ̫ҲҪʪ塣
ӣͷﶼġ
ĸػ˵˼䣬ᵽ˺SĵոѾе飬ӣūǶȥˣѺͣﲢ㣬ֻꡭ
еż
ţҲǵġ
ӣŶ飬ͶЩֹĪǶϲǶģ
ǺӡòҲ
ܲˣ
ͻϿŶ϶ò˵ճദϲľͲһأ
ˣʰ껹ŵĵȹһ꣬ٸ㸮ءӣָ֣ʢһͰ⻰׳ˡ
ҲǸ̽
˷Ӧ
ùԱߵֽӲ˲ǣֺαأ
վʰ˼Ȼ˶ӣףġ
ӣȻе˵ѹطGػǳ⻰⣬Ҳںǰ
ҲվȥĽָںͼͷ룬ɴֱ˵ͣǲǲϲ
ʹϵûУǸˡ
˶٣ŵҲǸʵˡ
ӣ
ȻԼԼ;ãòƺôһ㷢˿˼
ž;úɥ
Ȼټȥֲ˵Щġ
ӣ֪⣬ҲͲȥԸ˵Ļֻһ䣺ȻѾӣûʲôҪúô˼ҡʰˣǺġ
˵ףطGڴߣҲѹ͵Щ顣

ͻصеʱͷѾбˡ
Ѿŷ˺ͰȵʱС͵˺ǰֺЦҲ·óƵģү
̧ۿͿҲСؿ۽΢ʹȥˡ
һˡӼ޹ĵһ쿪ʼС΢̬ȡ
ŮӴڼﱻ̫ˣ˶ܳһ׮ľͷ
ǿţֻŮӶׯأȴ֪ȴһζ
ԼɷǰҲʱʱ̿Լľ仰˵ļ
Լضţһ˾ôꡣ
ͿŶۡ
ȻҲ˺üķˣǱ˴֮ôһЩǡ
ǰ껹Ӻʱ򣬾ˡ
ѾǻˣϺûʰ꿴أ˶δ̫ӡݲһϾ͸Сˡ
ȻԼӣǿǰĶսս;úȤ
ͷӣ˼ζոտһ䣬վˡ
Ҫַ
ûҪЩūͺá;Ŷ΢Ц
΢ЦʾŮǽȲ˶
תۼ䣬ͱ˵ζˡ
ڵƻ£Ӵݵڶ棬ȻŬţ¶ڴ֮顣
ڴ
ͱǴǰ鷿ȥģ뵽˶ﶣԼǾ仰ʰˣǺġ
ָؽû˼棬תͷԸȥ׼ϴˮˡ
Ǵˡ
ϸ˼ˡ
ȵ쿪ֱۣϴŮ⿪ӣ׼ѡ
תǰʱȫĻ
͵ͷ漴Ȼַס
ֻôһϵͺ͸ˡ


685 ֮

Լɷ
ҲЦЦ
Ů龰ѾʶȤȫȥ

һֱˮڶαͽͲϴ֮󣬻һɾİɫ£
ҹˮ
ŲһӣɷĲ§סɷĲӣ˲䡪ӣ󵨵Ķˡ
Ż΢΢Ĳ֪ԼʱӦ̧֣§סӡ
ӵϣļͷģΪһţ˯ɡ
ӹһ˿ʧʵɷٶ˵仰ϾͲǳڶŮ鳤ӡ
ƽ繵Ļᣬࡣ
ۿŶϱۣȴû˯š
µķޣֶˡĬš

ûڣڳгһµľٴ룺񸮵в꣬Ϊָҵߡ
⣬Ҫڹׯ췿ݣֵ˻Կӡţũߡ
νġ쾮ˡ
˵طG˻¡ѧʿԼ͵Ľ飬оƣӰ⡣
Ͼеʵ̫࣬еľ汲Ѿҵ¡ҲǶɫʱѾˣֻʱû˵ϡ
µ۵ǻȨȣҲˮˡ
طGͷֱ֮࣬Ĺ̰ء³ءص֡
и꣬гЧĻƽǿʲô̫õЧֻ⼸أҲܲʧ
ӣڽɽҲ˵̰ء³ءصȼصľúͰȥˡ
ǶԺ͵˵ʥּ£ʱ򣬺ʹżӦĸԱһѾ˾ˡ
ˡ
Ͼʢģͷĺܣվ̫£һܽ˺󲱸ɹһƤӣŶӣǾۡ
ҲֻţǰʱİǶôĥ¹ġ
Ӧ˵ڵĻֱʱ̫ࡣ
ٴ󰢸SȻǳӣȴȫûʵ֮
Բ԰طGҲûţ˰쾮һ¶ǽ
ν󣬱Ͻطϼӿƿ뿵ʱȫǷˡ
䣬һֱΪȻ֮Уο˰գֶΪ
طGظֹˡ
ӣں֮УǰЩ¶Ϥ̫࣬һȴ˺ü顣
Ң󽫾
رǰµ׵ʱຣսµĽҢɨовȫʤϲʤӭӣҢӷ͡
һ£Ң󽫾һֱԲ԰
ӣĬĬ㣺һкʷϷ˳һĻ󽫾ĺзӦѾˡ
ɽˮʱ֣ϸϸˬʱ
طGʱȻӣܺԵĿ¡
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686 

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е˶ףϲҢˡ
Ҫô㲻֣ҪֱҪȵʮ֮ʱһ
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תۼѾ˰ڣΪɥԶİڰıȥֶˡ
ϵۼӣʱʱͷ۷ֻ̫ҽԺҩȻȥ֢״ȴ⡣
˵ǵϣҲʺʢװϯɿҲǰͰˡ
Ҳѹ֣ϾӣѾлʺְôáУʹѾͻʺһ޶
Իʹ֮󣬶Դ˿мӣƽͣӲ޹˷ѣÿڷǴӲġ
ټϻǻ֮󣬰²Ƣרϱ֮꣬ΪС´ŭϣܷ֮ʱֻҪʹײҲת顣
һ£ǣԻʹв
Ȼؼһ㣺ǻ϶費ϣŻʹһֱΪء
ƾһ㣬û˸ҶԽɽгаַܡ

ڣǰڳۣںҲϯ
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ΪйɥһȡһξӺꡣ
϶¶ȻЩȲﷴ˵˼ѡǰѺҲ˻⣺˵ǺеһкҲൽˣʱŮ֮ѡˡ
ţû˭ҽӻֻôӣ
Ϊ˻ʺ󣬵ʹ
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ϲ˵ȴ˴˵ͷһüŪ۵ؽ
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ӣһϸּ˸ں棬ȫԼɫź˲٣
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ӣ룺Ͼʺ󷽲ŲôһǴ˿̴źǻϲȥκǡ
κͲˣǼתתͺáӣҡҡͷԴҵ
һߴߴת˷򡪡ֻһ˵ʹ˵̫ˡȻ̫䣬ۺУˮӣһ˵Ҳ׺壬׻ǻʹĺ֮͡
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ȵص˽ɽöŮӣӻʹӣů֮УЪϢһ˲öѾˮϴˡ
ˮƮʻ꣬ǽ²ɵʻˮһѬķҷȫƮ˳
ȵûˣöڵϣһ߸ӣĦСȣһֹ˺ð죬̲סСӣʺ˵ѡ¶


687 

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ǰĶӣİǰ
Ĳ˵˵лʵۻŵʱеڻʹͣҲһһʮܳġ
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ѡ㣬ƯƯİŮһôһμġ
ȻĳһտʼϾͲ﹬ȥˡ
Ȼٲȥˡ

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֣ӣˣһ㼦Ƥ񣬸Ͻذȸλˡ
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ʵʺҪгһԼһ׹ִ˼άҲܿܶණ
뷨δֹ̫ۡ
һܼ򵥵ĵʺܾԼˣԲŰѡŮĻᣬɣ˻ϵۣΪá
ôʹ룿Ϊʺ֮ɱ˺ӣȴδݵ
ŮӱΪĸաΪĸȻΪıȡĿܡ
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˵ʼˣ̼֮ͨҡЩƸܻܵԶһЩ檶ǲֶεġ
漰޶ĶѪȵġ
ںĴ֮ϣӣ΢ɲҡҡͷ

ۿ½Сһ죬źĸ밲ˡ
Ƕǰ氢һûӣ磬־ϲ
˵䲻ºӵĻ֮ǰйĺ糤ߡ
⺢ӺȻСƵĳѿ賤ֻ⣬ϸϸĲ϶ŸԴŶĲӸеۡ
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갲֮˫ֱ󣬰һһԲ˿ȥ͸Ű˽Ƶġ
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Ǻͺ˵һһ㲻θںõúܡ
ӣţž÷˲١
Сǹ밲ʱҲй涨ģȻʹó裬Ҳƹء
ȵ֮ӣģĵؾͽСӹԸ˼䡣

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һ컹ǵһ촩ء
̡
ԼͦʣطG˾ͺˡ
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һūŶˣͿͷ
ӣ־ͽסطG֣ϱǣȣҲҪ͸ġ
һ˵һ̧־ԼȺȥסطGЦеصˣ
طG⧲סղĻҲûˣֻһƬůڣ컯ˡ
ӣģʵ˺ܶǰʱ⡣
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ӣЦĸ첲طGպǹ밲ˣ
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طGҲһ¡
Ӷæǰ顣
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ںͺ磺ܾ鷿ôʦţƳ˴
ȷʵЩˡ
֪ˣ޸ȥһ⺢ӡ


688 

תۼ䣬Ӻķѩ֮Լ
طGǰȻæҲǳ˿˰Ѻͺ綼йˡ
ŵ˵Ĺůﻻһ·֮ӡ
񣬾ʢѾˣһ·λ
طGеӣ̧ͷȥ
ǰ棬˴֮УͿͷˡ
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ȵѺǽطGȥͿǸЦӣǼ˻ʰ̬꣬¶Ķ뻹Сʱģ
Ǻ磬һʱûطG˳
ӣ˵û⺢˲١
鵹Ҳ̫ģ԰ϧΪһƹ˺ǰĸڶӵļϣźĹǼܡ
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طG̲ס뵽˴ǰ˵ȵ֮ʱڹ鷿飬۵Ѫ
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﹬һǲƽģֻΪָ괫٣̫ҽԺĸҵ
λֵ̫ҽҩӣܹˡ
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ǰֿ˺̦˴˽һ
ȻԱ߻񣬽պ簢ûвΪ̫ҽԺˣҲ˵ٿϼҩ
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طGֱ֣Ͻȥ
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طGһźȴü˵Ļֻ˾Īۡ
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ǰصūԶԶļŻʹȻйˣϽһ밲
ϾǻӾӣס˲Сӽʳ͹ȥˡ
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ӣվԭأСӵӰԶ
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ôһĻСӻҪʱ䡣

ʱ֣ӣڽɽﻻһѣͷСһΣȻױ̨ǰö¸˸ͷĶ
Сӻˡ
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ӡӣµĵ
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΢΢ǰ̽ӣʵ


689 һ

СӹǰͲһȻѹǻȴ˵ĻɫܿͰѰסġһ顣
ԭողŵ棬ûüūŸС밲ͨأ˺Ժ䡣
ǻƺֵͬʱʲôΣвĵط̸磬Ǻû̼䣬Ļﵹ˵һѡ
СӿʼСǲֵ֮˴˿Ц˼ͲɵðԾġֱĵĵطӣ簢˵˸һĲֵĴ
һ˵һߺ̵ܲعЦ
ֱԴΪˡ
СӴǰںߵġۼŵҲֻǺͶԺS㰮֮顣
Ϳˡ
һĸֵͬܣˣС뵽ȻԼ׵ܵܡ
簢磡Сӽȥʱ򣬺簢⧲СӾͿһǵͨ죬Ͱ͵ƺҪ磬ۿҲˡ
ǰֻؿڲסס촽̲
һСϵѹָˡ
ʣȻǳԲʲôġ

ūűǲʸ˵Щģֻ֮ǰūţİ硣ӷԸ飬ūŲҵСӹ
ûĵطӣ˺һСӡ
Сӵū˵ʵ
˸ͷֵƬ̣ûʹ΢΢̧ͷͿʹԭأɫѿˡ
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Сֿ˸ͷ׼ˣֻʹˣֻǻһȥһˣֻ˵ЩʫĲӶƣС̫࣬һ鱾
Сӵ˼Ӧˡ

ȵ˶ȥˣӣԭأһ
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ѹֺ⺢ӿһ硢ģҲǰһӵ˽ɽ֮УźһЩ
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һĸͬ׸簡ͬһֵܣ
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Ȼ뵽˵ĵİطGʮİ磬γһĸֵܣ
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һʵΪʲôҪPUA磿
ѵ롭
뵽ӣĲɵ³˳
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ӣĬĬĵͷϥϣͷС

ڶһ磬סǱߣС̫ľ͸Сӹһ顣
ӣ˰ӶˣŰѼС̫н֮Уϸϸʡ
ǺͺλĸǶ󹬵ĻʹС̫Ǵӽ˴֮УͽŵĲУʹʻﻹ
˹˵
Ͼţ˵Ć²Ҫ죬СԱߣž˼ؼ
ûȷʵԴ簢硭кһˡ
öԱߣüͷˡ
ǰǱۡʱ硢İͶСȵԲ԰үǻ˻֮ۿİ绹Ǻܰġ
ôᡭ
ӣС̫˵ĻĬƬ̣һҲû˵ʲô΢΢ӷ֣͵һůߡ
㻻һ˫Ь͹ȥȥ
ǲŸո̧˼ӣӦĳء
ӿ϶Ҳ鷿
ȥҲ˸ա
ȥǰ棬䡣ӣվԭأ͸ӴϣҫִĿɬ˼ᡣ
̧֣סӳ⡣
ûתŹڵϵūŷԸ
С̫æһشӦţֿ˺üͷŻŻŵ¡
ӣ̯ϵ˲ᡪŰ飬ʱȽճȵ˿λ˵
Ƿ˼ҳͷָȥ
ôܿȥ
Ϊĸףӹġ

ʱһõûûζ֮УŮǿŻʹɫѿ
һţҴһ
ŲŸոȥӣǰĲյУȲˮûȻʢµͽܻŻŵعˡ
˹¸ʹͷ˵˳͵ʱŭɶ
ھ֮д
˵ƺ󽫾һӳ⣬õͰӸˤˣԱͲС̫඼һ߷ȥ
֮У¶֮ڣū˶ҲڿյϹһء
˭Ȱס˭ҲȰ
ⲻչϽʹأ


690 

ӣ֪طGƢġϲŭɫЩἱЩǾնĥѾ̵ĳǸ
ǵ˼䲻ĵزԼй
ʹڿȥŭɶҲֻһǴźŵֶΡҢǿǴˡ
Ͻģ
ŵ˼ʹֻ΢΢վԭذ춼ûɵżΪʹǲԸȥˣͷʹ
ӣվŲȻȥչһȥڡ˻˭ȰûãԸźá
˵꣬ٶ˵̧̧֣ʾ¡

֮УطGɫ࣬ūǶ߶µĹ⡣
¶ǽ˵ôһ˵𡪡¿ʱصĹԱϱӣسˡº赣顱ۡ
Ҷһϳӣʢ̫ƽԤס
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طGΪȻ֪ƨĿԸ󣬵ǱϾ˭ϲ黰
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˼ǣϰʲôѵĻϻȥҪԼúõķ˼˼ԼĲԼĽ
˳򵹹֮仰ȫζˣҪúõһ룬ϸ˼裬Ȼڶȥϡ
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طGͶɣҢƽ߽֮󣬾ӹ԰ԼľȨԽû˾Ľޡ
طGͶɱƪرһٺʲ
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СʱӣʱӦòˣŻʹĽõĵĸˡ
֬׸⣬͸һĺɫƺ۵ģʵڲܲʲôȣ֬Ȼ㡣
Ƕϼ򵥣Ҳõصģǿζȴ߷ζ
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еķĶϿ飬ȥͬһһʯɣʮ¡
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ѹˡ
ӣߵǰҲûֻ֨ĬĬĸطGϥ˸Ͱʳиˡ
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⶷Ƶҩοۡźÿȴ鷳
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طGȻɫ࣬ǿ˲˲١
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ӣǰȥ뿪ڣطGѾ̧֡
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۲˵ۿطGѾԼĶȻͷؾͽԼֱϲ˲䡣
ǵĶ
طGһ£ִֽһԵαϣЦסƣû£ġ
ӣĬĬĵ˵ͷҲû˵ʲôȥߵؾ͸طGˡ
ӺʱͼǵֻҪһæµ米Ƕһִ͡˵ĸ˵е㾱׵ëˡ
ů֮УĳˮŶƮɢ
˭û˵


691 ڸ

طG΢΢αϣӣԼż򣬹òųسһա
ӣۣû˵һֻ֣ϵȼһЩ
طGַչȥԼУϵԼǰȴû
ֻضӶϽǵ񣬷·ҢվƵġ
ůƻͨӣۿЦĻԽԽ񣬷·һ길ūţֳūţ길Ƿ⽮
ūţҲūţ
سӵ겻ҲǷ⽮
ƾʲôǰóūŵı֣
ӣطGߡ
ÿλвܴۡȨ
֮⣬Դ˻ʹȥʢһ־ڵſȥ
ܹܵļӺҲðˡ
һŷǱߵĹŵʱ䡣
ʢ빭ӣ˶ůſڣ룬ŵȺţ䣬걣׼Ҫͻʹȥġ
ʱŷðŸ͵ɽȥ

ʢƵûһů˶ͷͿǣŻʹ֣˴ů˳
ǶһĻʹɫźöˡ
ûղôˡ
ӷллأ
ȻԸ˵ȥɽ
ʢҿ׼һ־˽̸׼á
ȥɽ·ϻһξģطGз꣬ҲͲˡ
ӣ־Ͷȥ
ʵһߡ
ӣҲڽˡŶǴûʲô
һߣѪҲá
ӣסطGĸ첲˳΢΢»ȴ뵽˺顣
һδƽһ
˽ɽ˾ȻߵЩո̤ůӣ;еڸ
Ů󶬱ĸطGһյ˼ūǺú÷ŻʹȻ׼ȥ͵ˡ
ᣬӣþͶ˿ڡ˵ԼҲȥǰӡ
طG΢΢һĵӣǰӲǲżô
Ҳ⣺ĶԴӡߣҲôġ
תͷ۾Լһڴӣֱȥȥɣ޻ʲôģ

ӣ˰סʱú綼Ѿˡ
˶˶Щסˡ
һ㶼ǹȥǶ밲ܵĴࡣ
ǻʰߣõ⸽͹ˡӣûôֻ΢΢Цŵ
˵˼䣬ӣʺĹΡ
ۿԼСԴ۾ѾûǰĹ⣬˵Ҳǵģ
⺢Ѿˡ
뵽СӸЩ飬ʹ⣬ֱҲ⡣
ȽŰɡӣʵڲֱӽͱƣתͶԸūš
Ϊʹŷص׼Ĳȣˮһͽ
ƻ֮£ӣֱСƵģץſӣĿӷˣǳԲȥ
֮ǰ˵ġθںõĺܡ
ƭˡ
֮ǳԵĺ㡪һʢһûֺ˵ڶ롣
ӣĬĬĹ۲ӣľע⵽ںȥʱ򣬺綼ʶܵĶҲģ·۸С
ˡ
Ѿʼη塢ų⡢׸ˡ
̬񶼿αװʶ嶯ƭ˵ġ
ӣе룬ֻ·˿ɬҩ֭ѹȲȥ
ģһֱ˽ʱղŷЩߣ

ڣ˸ڣ򷢵Ժȥֽ֮ūǲǲȥ
֮бֻʣĸˡ
ӣϣźչ·м¶ͬ˵˵
վԭأȻһЦνģЦѾˡ
û̧ӣֻǱֻ΢΢ĳڣ˵
ӣȻͷֽĻÿһֳڶüˡ
ĵܵܣ׵ܵܣҲǴСġһĭ
û˵
Ѿʶ˶Ҫ˵ʲôһϵıü䲻ȻҲֱͦˣ·Ѿ˷׼
һЩӣԼôʡ
ʵһֱʱﻹǲдһ˿ҡ᲻أ
Ļ㲢
վԭأǽģ촽촽Ѿò԰ˡ
֮УһƬžӣȻЦһ


692 ̫

лֱԣѵǡϻָ֮ǰı̬
ӣ۾һգգĶźһ˲ŵӦѾ֪ʵʲôˡʵ𣿡
ֱ˵صǡ
ӣסˣΪʲôҪ
վԭأ˼һתͷƳԱߵӣֳϥϣֱͦʵΪʲôܣ
ӣעͿҲעԼ
Լĺӣȴ֪ΪʲôȻһֱǰ⺢ӿĸо
ʰʮ壬ͬһĸֵܣʮ壬γҲ˼η塣
һһֵͻСҲ᳤󡣶ӲδѰˡ
ӣѹˣδѣҪʲôѣŶСôأʲô㲻֪ʲôҲ񲻵ϣ
ĸףʮƽˡʮֺγǱȻʰСʮꣿοСʰ˿غ͸磬Ƕӷǳףм䣬ⱻ˺ӣѵҲô
˶٣ŵСˡʰƲĳɫ֮ʲô飬Զк͸絲ǰֻü͸磡
˵ɫڲں󹬣Щδȫʵ⼸ȥ꣬󡢰쾮ٴλᡪҲʰģǻʰô˵
ЦҡͷԵѧطGģȻѧ̬мϣͻСѧҵΪأƷأФ޹
ĺ͸磬޺
ļʺͷίҪˣҲǺͿѵ⼸궼ûƳôνġϽҲǱƣж˭Ͻǰ˭ֲȥ᣿ǻʰĶӣ˭չƳǰҲָܶһЩע˭ԸպͺС޹鷿ƨѧʣ
˵ŭɶ͵һƣ˳־ͰԱһֻƿˡ
ŵöвæſɤʵӣӣ
ӣֻֽĽţûģ˶ſڵûбķԸκ˲
öſڸشӦˡ
ӣջĿ⣬þõעź
ôһ˲䣬Ȼʶһ㡪Ͼ꣬ѪգЩ뷨ǰҲУҲ¶
ô̵ʱ֮ڣȴȻͺ˰Ժе뷨˳һһס
ڻϼء
ʲôأ
һһܽӴˡ
Ǻƽƽ˵ϻˡ
һ˵ܱȥģұϿɵˡ
ʺ
ᡣ
ۡҲͲƽƽˡ
󹬵ǣ
͸ˡֲСˣ˻ʶĸܺ׽Ӵ
ǰֻǴѹ磬Ӻͣٹ꣬ʮꡭ׼ֵǽ
ֻҪһղ̫ӣ粻ֹ
ȥ˭кôأ
˭̵ְǸˣ
ȻԸţӣѾЩ뵽ˡ
뵽ֻ֮ͷƤˡľ·˳Żĩһ㣬ľͨﵽ֫
ֳӵķ֣ЦҡҡͷŬźӣܵСҪչ˵ĵطࣻ͸羭ʰߣ֮ƸӣҲʱⲢͲ㣡㲻ûԵĺӣСô㻤㡢չ㣿ϸϸ˼֪
ĵͷһԲȻ򱡱촽͹ȥˡ
ӣ
û
ӣ
վˡ
΢΢߬ȭͷĿǰĶǼǰµˣȻסʰܵǺӣɶҲϴСˡӲǲϺͳͣһԾʮʮݣڲᣡǻʰֻͣҲδرнա
ӣ˵ʱһһ͡硱ֶʡˣɵؿЦ
ƣֺαģ˵ףչǶӵ׶ҲǶͺ׶ƣ˼ޱߣ
۽˭ʵۣ̫
ޱȵ̫
ĸܹ̫ӣ̳еλʲô
𡪡Զǵвġ
ڿ˵һˮƽƫġ
˽ƫأǺ͵͹λʲô


693 ©

ӣź
طGҲǻꡣ
䲻˵긻ǿҲԲǴ֮ʱ
طGӣҲǺ
ȴһһƣ˼ޱߣ
ӣ۵ųȵĹâԼȴֻñһһ
ȥȵô
ӣȻ뵽طGǰǰջԼ˵ѧҵ˵鷿ʦλѧϰķ
뵽طGȸ֮飬ӣúܡ
˵֮ңˡָТֻҪܱĶŸʵǣģѾТ˳ˡ
ϾǺͿһһ
ȵڵʱ򣬺ǧһѣеֶܽд
£ȻÿһϷֵĸһЩ
οǻÿһӡ̫ӣ֮󣬴Сʱļױǻʵ۵
һŭʬ
ȻҪηһЩġ
طGһЩǣǴӺġ
ӣǵкСʱ򡪡طGˣҴҵǰ鷿յ裬һѣϴ͹Ժ￴ˡ
ױŶӣӻС֣Цÿա
ôǰ
һĻĻ棬·졣

ʰ괺ʢٲ˻ӣվź
Ŷ
ǵ񣬴󲿷ʱЦģ紺档
һο
·һɲ̶ˮ
ʰ˵ġФ޹ĸ֣㲻öôӣȻ΢΢ƫƫͷʵ
ͷ˶˵ʲôȴû˵յǶ졣
ӣЦһ
Ӻӡ
˸׵䣬µƷأФ޹ܿ˳дͳ޵ǻʵλ
ǵ꿵ݱ֮µگ
ӣתŲԶ͵ĵƻ𣺡Ӧףʰ͸ʲôļﲻ˵óһЩݼҲ⼸еġ
ɫҰһ˲漴ͦţҧΣʰΪİ֮ʱѵĬĬţʱ򣬺γ˶Ϊ̫ӿԶɽ𣿻Ϊֱ塭֮м˿ûʰꣿ
̤ǰһֽסļͷһʱؿѪӿҲ˲ֱͰе뷨ȫĸ˵˳ʱ̫Ƕ磬ֱΪ󰢸磬֮ǻʰ꣡ͽ御ܣԳȥǰλֳŵ˻ʰꡭ
˵ûʰ괺ʢ
Ȼʢ˭֪ôʱᷢʲô¶أ
ͬĻʰꡪûֱ̫໥ֱ׹֮£ŪһɹֵõͰЩںֵϳ
仰û˵ֻ꣬ǰһ
Ƕס졣
ΪݺݵѵԼʶرӣ˭ֻ֪תͷԼ
˺ܾãܳص̾һ㲻֪ĶΪ㾾ţִˣ紳
ҧ촽˵ֻǶŶĲ
ͷĺܵͣû㴹ͷɥӡ
ξͿǰ½ϣžડһˮ
Ŀ͵һ𣬵ȵع֮󣬺Ȼһįӿͷ
ɿŶͷ֣ǰۡ

ӣЦȵ̧ʱ򣬳ϹŵۣѾɫ糣
̧ۣźʵȻ˵ڻû
ϾҪں֮ѡ̫ѡҲѡ
͵ؽֵ֣֮İ֮顪ѾȻС
һԼ׵ܶܡδѡˡƷԣڲסģ綼¶
ģŽ̳˵ǻᱣֵ֤ܵƽأ
ΪӣҲǸס
ֵ߹޳ɲԼ׶ȥһ⡣

Ӱǵס֮öһ·ܲӵۣȻιˣ̵ֽľ룬ܹó
ʼ硢İŵʱ򣬲Ǻúõ
öӣϵشϵɫﵣļˡ
صɽӣѾĬĬ˴㡪Ҳܸͣ
û죬ܼ͡
ȼ˺ͣһЩ飬ҪӲúôһʡ
·вͨҲбķȥ̽Ϣ
ķѾӣ֡
öԱźţͿűʣĲɵǰŵİֽд֡
Ҳд߰㡣
ī֭εε


694 

Ȼ֪һӵȫ˼ڶԸҢϣӣ뵽¶Ѱ
˵ܴݾߣҲܾô̬չȥ
һ¶ǳõʱ򣬾˸
ʵ͵ĻҲܵ˸Ȣ޵ˣ˿һʱеİСأӶˡ
ʱú㲻Բ԰ȥٺͺסֿԶһЩͺԶһЩվҲõöࡣ
һ㣺һȢ޿ʹǴˡ
ĬϵĹضǣ׵İǣ鷿ǿҪ
ĺѧԸҲԡ
ǲˣҲûʲôĴ
һպӡȻǼٶȥġ
ĻͺһĻҲˡ
ȻЩĴ㡣
㽫г
ϾŵܵЩٶطG˵ʵ̫УҲ̫ϤˡϤֵǶյм䡣
ǿɲһЩĻ䣡
յʱʵ̫Խͷ̫ࡣ
طGΪ˶գ˰Ѫʱ䡣
Ƕõ껪ºǣ
ôྪĶǣвر᳹׽Ȼ֮λϣǴٳûж̫ѡ֪һ͸ˡա
ʱ֪Ϊһ֮ŭ
У˰ƽ⣬ǲµ۵ǻ꣬λûȡ
ȵһȹ֮ʱ𿪾֮ա
µҢ֮£ǿ˵Ԥ档
ӣ뵽΢΢ơ
̵֮УˮΧơ
طG˵꣬еӣӣԼߣ룬Ƚȥѡ
Ըһѣ̾æūźȥѡ
ʹչĴæûʹԼţʢµļͽܵĶŲմˡ֪ͨŷ
Һŷƽּ⡪ʹǶͲ͵Ҳࡣ
ʹϲʲôζŷҲָƵġ
һͺðĶˣ޷΢һЩʱ䡣
طGůﻻѣҲӣ˽ȥӣչֱۣūΧһȦ
ȵʱ˳־ȥˡ
һʰãطGҲ˼ǵòˣӣ˵ʵ¶ȥҲûпǹ
˭ҵĹո
ۡ԰Ӵͳʲô񣿵Ƥѡһ飿
٣ʲôʱ޽˭ȥ๤
ЩҪ˼ġ
ģ˵طGסӣ֣Լ󣺡ģҲİꡣ
ӣòطG˿һĶҢ£ƺ¶ˡ
öã˵
Ҳֱӱϥϣ檻һ󡣡
¶˵ҲˣطGУвɵز졣
ְ˵
ӣǺӣСӹҲ֮ǰ̫ҽ˵Ƣθ˵ҩźŲţϾ⺢ӻҪҵ檡ĵúܡ
˵ȥԴҲȥˡ
طG̾ˡ
һ֣ˣһ߰οĺģһ룬̽롭úˣ
ӣҡͷвۺӵĶף粻ǳ檵ĶӣҲҵĻӡֻšСԳķˣֻҪǳ³Сӱضθڴ󿪡ܽ½ӻڽɽ֮У鷿ö黹ɶ飬ƽɳ檺úչӣһҲá
˶٣̧ͷطG
طG
ӣģǸˡ
һֻаСӴĸ߽ӵģȻ
û˵λСڰϼ꣬ٻصĸߡ
ֻǣ塭Ҳǳǣĵģټӣɱӵĸס
ңԲ԰֮УĹأҲϽôһһۡ

ֻһ죬ͺܿͽˡ
ʰ겼õĲɵüã͵֮Уֵ˻ʰһ佱
ȵʰߵ´꣬Т˳˵ʶĸ밲
طGȻˡ
ɽ֮Уר˰شһһµţŵķҡ
̨ŷ̫࣬ϰԵһùùŵ飬ȴ£ͷעŵϵĵשó
Ӵһ찢֮һü춼Ծ
ȻȻأ簢㱻ּ⣬˵طס
һϵ飬öܾз·ʲôϵ
պͰУһȻҪ밲


695 Ң

öôţ΢̤ʵһ㣺ͰģʲôľѲ֮£ĸһ
ôţĶˡ
ͰȻˡ
һӲͣӣͷֺܱطGʱ仯ԽԽˡ
ôȥָоأ
һһֻСȮڳǡ
͹ĸ밲ֱ֮˵ؾ˺飺ӷǰʰ˵ˣܵ
ӣ˵ͷǶ˼ʰ꽫ˮľɪúܣҪǽһЩﻹﰲ˲أδؼ档
һ˵һ߾Ͷö̧̧֡
ö⣬ȥūȫɢˣŵؽŸˡ
΢΢ͷɨһֿۣŶϵ飬ľͲʲô
СͺǵûΪǺӣĸףš
¶ʶû׵һֱӾ͸ʰּˡ
˵ˣȻһֱ۰ֵܣҲû
ΪʲôҪôͻأôżܸܵӳ
ҪķԼߣ
ͺ̵ĸһ
Ը䣬ڵ
ο鷿ӦֻרĶ飬˭̫
Ѳɣ۸ܵܣͺȻһǰһȥ΢΢üͷŶ
ɫҲ
ӣüһ̧ͷŶӡ͵ͷӦٶȸһ¡
ӣмҪ¶Ҫͬ˵վߡ

ڶգԲ԰ﶼзĴһϢ˵ǰһİʱ֣֮кȻһֻ޴̬ײеϻ뻯ǽڡ
;ץϰգֻŵðտ޺ƨ
ᶽ˵֪֮·ͬСɣ̴ǰ׽ãϵʱϻˡ
ĿİսսĶᶽ˾˵ϻ˻Ǻӱߵ«έС
ᶽ̽ʿǺӱߵ«έΧס
˰Χ֮£һʱ֮ϻͻȻܳϴӶŽС˭֪һ֮ϻǰһ·񱼣û˺һˣֱܽҢ󽫾ĸϡ
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ʿһӿϣŽֻͻǹ
ôµ飬ϻֱһͷ˵سĸУڶһϳȻ˵شţͼӴ׵ϱϡ
طG̸۽֮£ϻɱҲɫ΢΢һ
˵ϻֱܽҢĸϣɫͱˡ
ȵ³֮󣬼λĸ£طG͵޹ȥţഫҢʱа׻֮ף̳ܣɭϣ˼׾żȻ
˹棬˻ϵ˼
Ѿǵһΰʾˡ
ϻ¶ҪҪǻϾȻϻ¶˵ˡɼϵж༱м
ûգѩһķɽ͵֮С
·һҹ֮䣬λӳ谮ڳȻͳʸ֮ġһͷϡ
˵ĴܶװεĸûʣҲܶ࣬κܶѲš
ֻҪҢУһǵأױƺƵųԶԶš֪˻Ϊǻϳأ
Ҳ˰ȥó˵ˡ˵Ңϣһ·裬ԵطԱҪŶ֮ԱһɳǹӭӣҶС
УҢְ̰ۣȻԱѡΣΨףһЩݰƼȥƩѲҢƼġ
˼ֱһݰطһˮ಻ԣԳ͢Թԡ
ʵ֮ǰûйԱۣԹҢᵳ̰ɻߣݰ裬۾ϡ
ǵʱຣս£һδƽһǣйҢӣϸˡ
ֱʱطGڱɫų͢ڳǵҧгݵط˻
е˶֪Ңĺӵͷˡ
µףҢйپȥĵݽֱʱȻûѹһǧ˵ӣƺƵĸϸΡ
ʵ֮ǰûйԱۣԹҢᵳ̰ɻߣݰ裬۾ϡ
ǵʱຣս£һδƽһǣйҢӣϸˡ
ֱʱطGڱɫų͢ڳǵҧгݵط˻
е˶֪Ңĺӵͷˡ
µףҢйپȥĵݽֱʱȻûѹһǧ˵ӣƺƵĸϸΡ


696 ȸں

ҢԺһʱҶСƵҾʹĻ
ˮ磬Ǹ߱صءҢ³ֳƿͬʱⱳ
˽˲ʤꡣ
ҢбԾļȫܵǣĸױڶΪͻйϵԵʣԷĸңɱնɱɱȫ߽
Ӻ̤뾩ǰ벽
Ңϱңеʲټҡ
һγУĹԱַҢڮٻʵ۵ʫ䡣
һʵۻӺֵǮǰ֮طGǰڣݺ˺ʫģ³Ѫ
ʫҢĻţ㽭Ǯˡ
˵걥ʫ飬ҲΪԼضǰ;˭֪˿ԲС
һֱֵʮ꣬ſһˡ
ǲҪóǾΣ
ԵʻᣬͶ˴Ң£ҢĻţ䶫֡
ȻƾٲУƨȴһףҢʮֿġ
ʫҲʱġ
Ϊ˺󽫾ģȻʵҲΪԱȵ̸ʣɼſУﻹ֮
ΨҢΪ
ǿ̣벻̡
طGŭ֮󣬵ʾңڴ˼ϧ֮Դգʹֵ©Ҳ
ǣ̣֮ն׺׼˲пڡطGصּ⣬ùԱǲͷȡ£ôѪܵعպ󱻷ɴͷԶ˾ʾ
κ˿ȻڻȨ֮ϡ
ǰ֮£ƷֵһƬз֮УӣҲûš
ͺܿͲɫزһС߸˶
ԭûкͱ˶߶ΨֻкS԰ʱ򣬳鷿ȥһȥܵǡ
ڳɫҫ۵ĸͣں˵SĸԶԾԵƽӹˡûлʹݵĸ֧ţҲûеõʰĿء
ӵݡεĵط
ǣƽӹĺS磬ȴú˳ۡ
ƽӹζûв
ҲΪSƽӹĸ磬˼֮ͬС
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һ̸̸Сʱ
ӣţָ߬ԽԽҲġ
Ͷˡߵʱ߶ܶϵġ
Sİ˰£ʮİ硣
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ǣSδҲ̫߿Լܳסһ㣬͵İ˰
ģĻǸֶıԡ͵İ˰粻ͬն
ϵλһչھȻֶҲܿøͨ͸ˡ
ֱϼģʽ
Sһ̴õãѹ׵ܣ͡
ӣûʲôյ⣬Ǳѹȥˣױһ겻񣬳ƽֻܽүӡ
ٹ꣬ȵֳֵܻյ̬֮
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ʱ˭ֵȻһҪ
ǶúˣһҲԪ
ǺS˵ʱ
˵ˮ㡪ɼҪ㣬һҪ跨ˮ롣
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ӣ뵽ԼǰӺʱ򣬿Sɥĸ⺢Ӵչˡ
ǵúʱͻСǰ鷿飬ūŸ͵Ĺȥ˸SҲ׼һݡ
ʱ룺ûĺӱͿ۰Ͱ͵Ա߿űĺӳĸ㣬϶ССĶһƬһƬ
ڻͷ롭ֱιһͷǡ
ɥ
˵֮꣬ҲĬӣ΢΢ͷֳӷϣȴȻؾòԾ
ʲôطԾ
SҪ˴㣬ӦľͿıˡ
ϾǻҲкüˡճ˵߼ʹʢ裬˵øϲֻ⼸ͻὫ͵Ļ̫ȷ
S˼ӦżĲС
Ӧڻϸյǻʱ͸Ͻ
Ϊʲô֮ǰ޶ȴȻ˷̬֮
⡭ͺͻأ
ͻأúͺһں̵ܶʱ֮ڣȻ˲е˼˲Ұġ
һ˵˼뷨У紺罥
ʲô뷨Ҫһ𽥳͡Ĺ̡
Ҫʱ䡣
Աߣɿ

ǱSġ
ôSѵͲҲ
ӣþõ棬Ȼ뵽ˣSĵǸͳʲ֮Ů죬ϡ


697 ˮľɪ

˰ڿ䣬žŰһӵܹ񣬰һޡɹš¡
졣
ҲһӰˡ
ǣհ˰硰ǹԵµĴ·񡪡Ҳ˵
Ͼܷõģദʱĳ̣ûбȻϵ
е䣬ֻ˺̵ܶʱ䣬ͿĸԸȥƽ̨⣬ЯΪ
Ҳе䡪Ȼ߲¸뱲ӣͷ֮䣬Ҳƴһ䡰ľܣͳ¡
Ȼɢ
ǡطG˾֮ˡȻSȢϣӦѽϸһΡ
ǰʯͷԼĽţ
˰硭S
ӣһзĬš

͸˻ûãˮľɪ֮Уչ˺ūǱŻŵĸ˹
˵Ǻ簢緢ˣһֱڸɿȡ
Ҳʱ顣
ӣһżˣ˲S飬ˮľɪϹȥ
ˮľɪĽѹó
ū׼ʱ䣬Ѿܵˡ
ˮľɪ֮Уůյůģӣů֮УͿźūڴǰһæҵĸ簢绻ŶͷϷӡ
ˡ
ʹˣæ밲
ӣϵӴǰͿҲô죬ȥո˯һ
΢΢۾
ӣΪڿԼϽڴͷźĶͷ͵磬ˣ£
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ӣŷ֡ʵѾеʶˡ
һȥ̫ҽȻֽӹˮӣԸϡ
߬ŶݵСӣĿþҡ
ΪʲôúõĻ
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ūŶŵùһأȫڿͷֻ˵簢˯ȣҹкһΡ
ʵʱūǾͦˡ
Ǻ簢»ʹﵣģһϴ֮ϴ˯һūǶϢԽɽ͸¶䡣
ҵ𴲵ʱ򣬺簢״̬ŻƽʱһЩ
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˵̫£˵ҲҪ죬ӣ˵Ϳ΢΢һͷȻˮˡ
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οһӱأݣֻҲ½ˡ
öҲˣߵˮľɪſڣֽԺֵص̫࣬ǸϽȥ̫ҽԺķӭȥ
Ҫǰ·̫ҽѾˣʲôϻҲ˵Ͻܹ
ůӣ̫࣬ɿֻͨź֣˶ʱ˳ȥ
ļٵصͷͺͷŶͷŶӵ£ȻСֺܾص磬ģ粻ǣ
˵ģ۽Ҳ߳һŴ飬žһ¾䵽ϡ
·ﶼίطš
źһϵб
ӣСӡϸϸݵץűӣССֱϣˡ
֣ؽӴӶһһ
һţһӣԼҧ

̫ҽܿ͹ˡ
Ȼһ·ϱקܵģ̫ҽ˵ĸһҴҵظʹͷС硣
һ簢ˮ̫ҽоľͽĿǻ˿ˣȻϸϸ鿴һŹͶӣһ
ӣ˼ʺף֢ͦյһǻĤҪˡ
ҪǲúҩٷչȥĻͱɿǻˡ
ʿˮͺһѵںһôʹ
ۿ̫ҽȥӣöϽϡ

ȵһжƽϢ֮ӣͷĬڴϵĺ硣
Ǳ̫ҽղһڣʱ򷴶һЩŬ۾ӣɤ˻Ƶصģúúҩģҩûˡ
һ˵һŬİСִӱóס֡
ӣסӵ֣һһ·Żůı磬Ѿȫ֪ˡ
۾һ¾͵ɴˡ
΢΢СС𾪡޴롢ȵ顣
󶨸ǡ
ӣʱ;һʹޱȡ
ů֮ڣһڳ΢΢תͷӣΪʲôԶ˵أ


698 ˷ǲľ

紹Դ˵ӣֻܿë΢΢ͶһƬӰ
һ˲䣬Сʲôʱ֪ģ
ӣʲôʱ֪ģ»Ҫô
˶٣ɹִʵǶͬʰ˵ˡҪŲˮľɪʱ𣿡
ӣ۾գҲգ
С¶һ˿ЦʱͲµˣǲҿ϶
̧֣ǣס䣺ֺ硣
ӣѹס֣˶㣬ΪʲôҪ
绺Ŵ󱻣ϡӣڻ¡
ӣͷһ
˵Ǻ˽ŵĹ¡
Ƕˣγ֮ѧʫ飬Ϊ壬ܵܣһٺһ
ֵ˴СͷǳѰ
ԳһЩ˻ǲ̸ԷֿһźܴıӣֵһͬϣҹЦ̸
νŴ󱻡
ںġӣڻ¡˵ǣһΣֵһ𵽿˼أ˽ٷǡ
ºڷҹٷҪɱˣֵۼȿֺҪڶԷǰֵȥ
ٷǸпһŨ飬ֻһЩѣͰ˶ˡ
ȵ˿ҿĽֵܣȻͷû۴ʮ֣ʲôԵʡ
վ˵Լ֮ǰ
ٷ˵֪£Ҳ֪ԼٵıʿţдΪ𶯣֪ڸԼĹµĻᣬǷǳںޡ
ٷĵĥ֮£ȥǰߵͷлǰȥͳͳ黹ǡ

ӣź硣
ǵ¡ʵСʱ򣬺źʱ׿˵ġ
ʱ˵ˣ͹Цӣӵ˵⽪ǲǶ̫࣬Ӷɵˣ˿޿䣬ȴһ跨һ£²ô
ңãһд֪ûԵǿʮ֮ͽأտڲǿ֮УҲٸȥץǿң⣬ȥ˺һ޹֮ˣ

û뵽ô꣬㻹ǵôӣЩ׺˼ˣСӣ΢΢̾Ϣ
紹Ŀƻ֮£ϵŨˣСȴҲ֪ͯˣ￴˼˷ǲľȻ֪Ϊ֮˱ѹ
µѹη塭иǱÿҹ˾֮ʱšŴǰ֮ʱǣź磬ֱŶӣգȻȲϽֵܴͬߣҲƵֵѰڣ
˵˶٣صɶû뵽羹Ȼû֪֮ôԽù͸أôüԽأ
һֱûжԶԣĬĬź˵ףźһʧ֪ԼＸ֮վ˼ͷǰ罪Ųӣڻ£
˵Сһ̲סˣҭŵ粻׵ĵȴ׵ġοֵܣǽƣöôģ
Ӽǵûʰǻ֮ԶǸʰȻǰ꣬ҲǻϡȻ۰ĶӣҲǳʰõıֵȨ¶ź͸Ķ༵ԹԣǶίһʱס¶мͼӴףʰȥԺͺ͸綼в
̧Сֱ֣ᣬʵصֵУСģ͸ֳǶｫ֧ţҲǶӵıӣȼʰģ͸类Уδرܶʧڻʰ꣬ȥ˭йأǶһ尡
˵Ⱦڱһţ޵ı鶼ˡ
ֱʱݶű¶
ӣаζӣס磺ȱ˵ˣ㻹ڲš
ϸҴ˱ӽǣ΢΢̧ͷĿת䡣
С۵֣ȴȺǿࡣ
Щʱź簢緢ȣطGȻ͵һʱ߲ȴҲн˹鿴
ȹҩѾ˯ˡ
ӣڶӴͷֳڴϣŴϵĺ硣
⺢Сղ˵Ƿȴץĺ׼աĴɡ
աǲܡᡱ
ԣ
ӣվȥƿůš
öſڣֻһһֵصȥˮľɪھȥ


699 

öӵɫҲҶ˵ʲôոմӦųȥŻûżأͨˡ
ݵˡ
ԭطGǰ͵ϢСӣŸոս񣬸Ͻ͹ˡ
ôһӣͲȥҺˡ
Ȼȴ¶ֻܰ¹밲
طGְǣź磬æͽȥˡ
ĵƻϨ˰ߣİڴϣû˯š
Ķ֪ǸʹˣֳСӾǿˣӸʰ롭
ӣڸоôطG۵һֹ֣˺
ӵĶͷ
ãûеḶ́һһֵĺˮ
úõôͲˣǶôİģطGɫȥ΢΢ۣɨΧһȦūţ䲻ȵص
ūŵȫˣͷڵϣ̧̧ūŸūŸ
΢΢̧ۣվڻʰߡ
ĸ˶һۣ˴ĬĬؽһ
ӺҩѾоöˡǣոϴ򣬻ʱȵĺܣӲǿ˴СҹҲû¶Щ̫ҽҲͲᷢˡ
ڴͷ˶ɤɳƵصӻᾡǻʰҪĹӣǶӵĲТˣ
ӣԱ̾ϣ⺢ӷҲ³檵ģο˳áԽԽˡ
طGͷ磬Ʒԣ͡
紹ֻۣСһཱུġ
ӣˡ

˺һطGԼӷܺúϢǴӣͻ˽ɽ
ˮľɪͽɽúܽʲô¶ʱܹ
嵭ĺܣһ⣬ζطGѵõضද˼ӡ
ӣȴθڣſӣڵĲֱ
һֱźS顪ղžҪȥҺģˡ
µ񣬺S˰硭һҲֻǲ룬ûȷ֤ݡ
ǻ˵ɱ˲Ѫ¶Ӱ԰ա
ȵȷ֤ݵʱһҲˡ
üͷʱطGӹԱūǵֽӲ˲ǣ̧ͷӣмҪ㡣
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ӣһӦˡ
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ء
ӣһȻ·ӦһĳԤС
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⣬ҪһܷբڣЯԱݡ
ϼݱʱǰ󳼽ּȡͬ⣬֤󣬵˭λ
Ҳ˵˭ǻ̫ӣطGŵʱ򣬽ԶȷĴ𰸡
ǡ
ӣطG˵ֳ֮ѹֲסĵ⡣
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ӼȾƵЧֹܹ̫ӿܴĻ
Ϊ˻̫ӣѶҲ
Ҳܰٷְȷ̫ӵ˭Ҳͷֹ˻ʵ밢֮䣬Լ֮ĵִ
ӣطGͿطGҲ
ϣ·õһ羰ôƵġ
УǶ겻ϧ
һطGŻ̧֣סӣԼ΢΢ӣͨΪ˭ӣһ¡
ӣ˶ԭˡ
һŻعһ촽طGһ͡
һ֡
طGֻЦ
Ĭˡ
ӣ˶ˣ⻹𡭡Ƿ
֪طGԼ¹عĴ¶Ҳ
κͰأʵ

֮УӸԺľա
ƻ֮£ϱԾųȻӾпɷˡ
һӵūŶȥ
ҲϽЦӯӯľӭ˹ȥ
ϥҪȴSüͷ壬˼һĲɵģ
΢΢תת飬תʾŮ˳ȥˡ
SڴֽӹϵȲ裬˳Ҳסϵ֡
վɷߣû˵ʲôȻһЦ
ŞͷӣԺȴٴλһĳܵĵӣѵķܣνʢ겻ʱӦŬΪԼѽ
ûֻΪԼ棬ŻƴȫΪһɣ߱Լ

վԱߣۿɷеĲˮ˳
Ҳ֪


700 

Sͷ˺һ¡
ǸɻصĶߣɴ߲СڣİǣͳҲôλɺǰƴһת˲ţҪҪͿԼˡ
Sڷ˲յϿ̵ָ΢죬մŲˮæڵǰԼӸɷֱ
Sۣڻ˵ĻúӣǺ֪ͼĵ˭ϧ¿࣬СɥĸôҲ롪ĸʧʰ꣬¶ʹûаϵôչˣ˭ƶΪΣ
SǵԼʱ仰ʱ˵ĺסˡ
˵ĸ׵飬ҲпǻʹรڱͼӴףߥ˰ꡣ
ʹ֮ԶԼչˣȻΪˡ
ĻԼһŮҲǵոҪնΡ
ΪʲôƫƫҪԼͶ˺ǻ
ӣ㲻Σ಻ˣóԸúƴ¼ܵܣҲСչһƬȱĳٲɣ㽫ʹ̧ĸ̫󡪡٣ѵԵĶô
SĶˣ·ԼѾվǾλ֮ǰ¡
˵裬ֻһ֮䡣

վЩˣۿɷȫԼ˼°ڣԱߵ
ɷʲô
о仰Ȼֱ׵ģ˵ĺܺãӬ޷ĵ
еħΪԼ˷϶
Ļ
΢΢˺ΡЩŬѹ֣ȴ̲סĳ󵨵뷨
뷨ȶų򣬻ûһƬξҲε˺һˡ
뻹Ҫеġһأ
Ͼǲ࣬˶λʹҲγŮɫ
˵ˣʹҲˣˣ尢Ҳ̫Сˡ
ṹɶյв
Ȼļֻ̳еλѡ
ǡǶ硢統ְһ˵ǰ׹ơӥ¶ǵûմŭ
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İͻ̫СȻԶSġ
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Sźͣ񸮵ĹԱǣмλңҲһֱС
¶ۣǱУ൱㷺
˻µ۵ǻ⼸꣬ȻսսҲܻа취άȥġ
ƾһ㣬Ҳ֪֮棬
Ͻ۹⻺Ƶ˴⣺尡塭

ڶһ磬طGո֮ˮľɪūž͹ʹˡ˵Ǻ簢ȶȥˡ
ҲܺȵһЩˡ
ӣڵŶӵĲ飬һ϶û˯ȣʱҴææĻһѣҺױݷʽõġ
ֱӾͳ˽ɽȥ
ڴϣڱūǷź࣬ӣȥʱ򣬾Ϳ촽ϻմŰɫ
ӽ촽ϵˣͿ۾һգգԼʰ
ѺĻȥˡ
ӣСԽԽˣӦѾˡԼʱȥҺġ
˵ʦҲҪԸ˵ס
ôȥֱ޴ˡ
ֻúĲ￴ܳ˯ˣʲôġӣû˵ʲôĶӵֱֽԱߵūŽйϸԸ˺úչİ硣
Ȼȵһʱ򣬹Ųõ鷿ѧʱӣȥһˡ
һ£㸡
֦֮ϣһзۺ졢졢ǳϡ׸ɫƷ֣еĲչƬ꣬еĻȫչˣ֮һһأҲб䵽Ա߳ģˮ仨Ȼˡ
ʹ̻һƬһ֮С
˷һˮһɡһ˵޷
ǰȻؾӣ뵽ˡʽǺ˲֪кκһԴ
ǣסеˣȻľȴûһƽ

ܿˡ
ӣ⺢ӣԽԽһˡǰķ̫ӡ
Ĳ˵ɲƴţǼľͷͺ
öūǶǲɢ˳ȥ
ӣûȦӣͰϵˡ
ɵطTSеǧ˿ƵĹϵ
һ¶Ӧ֪ˣʰ껹δ֮ڡ
ӣźʮһȵļʰ꽫ɺʹȥ¼
¼ֻлʵۻ̫Ӳʸ顪ٶζʵѾǳԡ
ĸǰҧ
ϦӴӣϵˡ


701 Ϣ

ӣ֪ŬѹԼŭ벻ʡ
Ȼ͵һ̧ͷӣͺǶӵ׶ôӵ𣿡
ղŵЩʢ˵ǵͷȣ޾ġ衱
ûӣԼվǰ˼ӣûô꣬Ҳûôܣ̫С˶ӣԸʲôúܡ
մմϲ֣ʹְҲܽһöƾͼƵӡ˵ףΨ߾֮
ӣЦһ£̧ź̾һӣǿߣǿԼǿߡŵˣǿߣŻ˵һС
˶٣ȥþԼ˲ãôΪʲôǰЩ¡ʰ굽ȴҲû伸ͷأ
ˣǻʰƫͣ
ӣҡͷS϶мأ
˶Ҫˡ
ӣתͷһ⣬ͷԺĸӹҲʹԲѵ˵仰Ӧ֪ǶĺӣʰΣ۰ԲȶԺS٣ҪöࡣΪʲôSܵ˲£ʰȴûأ
촽΢΢һ뷴ȴֻһƬ԰
ӣ̧֣Ŷһƣˣþլ󹬣ۼʶ㣬δ㡣иﵹùŽ¶ͨġ
Ӳصʲô
ӣŶӣԺһ뷨ǶԵģһΪȷģӦ͵õҪһˡٲãҲõõһˡ
ܹһЩ
˶٣̧ۣźͣأõ𣿡
͵̧ͷɫͱˣеȭͷ߬š
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һֱûжԶԣĬĬź˵ףźһʧ֪ԼＸ֮վ˼
˶סˡ
ֵһ壬һֱڻ㡣
ʱĪǿ󣬸Եˡ
ӣضźһһֵ

֮УһʱȻԺһϵ
˺ܾãתȥñŶĽǶȣ̧䣬΢΢˲۽ǡ
ӣϣۼŶһڲִˣȴֻ÷·Ǧһ㡣
أܳ
֮ӽǣΪ֪˻̫ӵѡҲ֪˽
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ǴӺӽǣֻܿԼĲһһЭȥֱΪǡ

ϾǴܿ죬ɽ̫Ƕʼϵˡ
ڣǸúúSˡӣǰӣź

ȵصɽʱʱѾˡ
˴֮Уöָӽ¶ض˶һꡣ
Ǻů͵ģʱˡ
ӣ䣬ů֮УŮǰůˡ
öźƽ廨ЬڵӣȣĸĦ
ˣҲû߶·ҲȥЪЪӣĿһһۿöͷ϶߳һϸ˻ֶ
ö˳ȥҲûţȥŷˣŸ˹ˡ
ʵӣûʲôθڡﶼ¸ˡ
ֻϵŷ˼ˣ峺̶ࡣ
С˳ʮˬ
ӣһߵͷĬĬسţһ̲ס뵽˵ĵ
̲סҡͷ
طGǻʱ򣬵ԸⱻΪ̫󣬻ƾôȰ˵ȥ̫Ĺ
ҪطGѿ
ӣţ˵⣬ֱҲ⣬ǡԴᣬ֮ҪԵĹƽʵǺѺѵġ


702 ɱ

ҹ˾
һ֮УڴϣŰĸ˵Ļ
SԼһһʮ˵˳SôʾԼԽʰĻᣬ֣ͬЭԺ͡
ǵöﵱʱ֮SĶԺͲʱ
ŵ˵ãһ̣Ƕɱĵġ

͵֮Уˮ㰵
ů
ڵǰͷĬĬڶ龰
һֱȵɢȥʰ΢΢¶֮ɫ
˲࣬Ͻȥʰ꣬Ҫ
طGʼΪ鷿¡
ʲô¶أ
ǿź΢ۿסˡ
޽طG
ʢں棬ͰѴūŶǲɢˡ

ɽ֮УӣŶڴ¡
ԺеĻŨȴ˸еζ
źӣ΢΢ָ߬
վǰ
ҪԹܵܣʮ⡣ʱʧˣҲǱˡ
ӣ
ҡҡͷģʲôǾԵأܵ٣δΪգΪֳֵܣӦа֮
ӣע
ĺִܴ鷿顢һĿĴҲ䳡ϣϴѧϰǹĴ
Ƕʶ˱¡
ʰ

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Ϊʶ_£Դһ׵ؾطG˵ľ¡
꣬ոյǻʱʶ_ؾ񣬶ԼԶǰȵǰڴ󳼵¾ɨأϡ
طG£ɫ
Ӧý롱Ϊûһ
õһһʰʱˡ

ʶ_µĳͷϵǣ˴˵ˣ£Ļ̡̻
ͷźţ͵ԴҢһޡڴȻᡣ
û죬˸Ӿˡʶ_ھС۱ŵط莚
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ʶ_˵ɱûʲô
ɱҪ̡
һߣSԼȴȹϵϣת
ףλʮͰ塢ͬãʰȻѾʮ֣;ܿ͸ֵˡ
ʱ䲢ˡ
鼱ģSһʱڳ֮ϣһ˺üŵĴ£ڻʰ굱ʶTʵİ£Ϊžߡأ޳ߡ֮˵ܽʶϧʶKȿɱȡΪ˴ǿɣǫʸžԣ֪ܰ¡
˵Ҫǿ̤̤ʵʵúøɻĻǶûܱȵùģ޾֪¡
Ĵˡ֪ܰ¡⼸֣ٿŻ΢Ц飬ֻñϵ亹ðˡ
û˸ȥ硣
˭Ӱ˭ҪԴˣ
ƫƫSˡ˻ҲǴһģ£һȷʵвġ
взȨ
ʵSҲû˵ʲôʵԵĻ಻˳ŻʰĻ¸˼䡣
Ű˻˵仰ѣάά˻ѡ
ʰ⼸仰ʵϧ֮⡣
ȻʮĻ屻ʰֻҪ˻úø¶ʰ֮ʣҲδرݲ
Щ̫ǣSһ嶯֮£Ϳرſˡ
˵֮󣬿Ŀ飬Żʰɫ
S뵽⼸գԼǰǰߵýˣǿرܡ
ּϵһ𣬺SȻʶʲô

ڻʰ˵ֻҪġûʵԵ֤ݣѹͲҪ
Sһò԰ֽ
ʰ꣡ǶӺͿˣǶӺͿˣֻŻʰ֮ʣ˻塭Ӳά˻֮⡭ǡ
S֮£״Ρ
طGЦЦɨ˹

粻ֹʮĵʶ_ĳͷ·һͷһ㣬һʰ
ӺѪȷ磺겻Գʹ⵱̫ӵһαʱԼÿϸչ˲صĿ̷ǰʶTʶ_ʶKȴ޹֮ģֻ£󵳣ʵڿɶ
Уʶ_ΪάʶTǵÿŭ˵ףΪʶKǵĻˣ
ҲǴТ
ѮѾѺͻؾʶ_˻·ϣѾʮ
ɫ֪֮Σȡຣ̨֮ŮɹŮӶˣ
⿤ʱ޸ж֮⣬зŭ֮ɫ
ϣǲȽּѵ룬ʶ_¹򣬷ʹࡣ



703 

ͬʱ˸顪ʶTӦȥ졣
طGȻʡ
¶ʮգطGÿʶTΧأ֮ڣÿɳרŵԱ븮ʶTΧ档
Ի̷ʵΪӡ
ʮգʶTʶKȥƴӣ˸طGּʶT֮޸ȥݻҡ
³طGʶT˸Χǽ󰢸SطTΪӡ
磬Ӻټ󳼣ԳƪּʶTʶK֮ʾ¡
⼸λˡȻη壬ǲ̫ȡ
׼ġ
Ǵ󰢸S¶ʵ˴۾ʼδ
SΪӣ䲻˵ǰҲǳɵĻӡ
ˣҶˣȴŭ꣬ڱΪٷݣ²Ϊ˶ϲڹͥΪʶT֮ӡʶTԵﳷȥƴѳSɲƴƴʶTԼġ
˼ҪѺSʶTѺһ
ߵļλĸϳף£ӱϿţƺΪSάʶTʢŭ֮£S⵽˴
ʵϣһģΪĵλ̳ˣɨһпܵˡ
ϾҲ뿴յĲҾˡ

̵֮У
ʢ̷ڴſڣֻ걳ĬĬվڴǰŴԲ԰ķ羰þò
ϰˣվӮһ֡
ߥ޵ĶӣֽⲻSûɹSٲǧ˿ƵĹϵͱ׼ͻᱻˮ
С
ɹҲ׼ԺSΪһǳĵУһ·޵ӣǾԲ
ΣԼĺӹС
Ҫǣ޺ͰﶼһŲɵӣѿ£ĥݡ
޵ı
֮Уˣʢ΢΢ֱֱҴһڴۼŻûС̫ҪǰͲˮʢݺݵһۣͰ˸ɳȥˡ
طGɳעԶʢȻվԶȴǱ¶һ˿ȻЦ
ϰˣ֮˷ҲΪúܣûЩ߰¶ҲζŹ㡣
Ȼôһ֣Ϊʲô޵Ķ汳أ

ѹԲ԰Уһһ
ɽֵúܡںƽһˮڳһЩӣÿջ˯ڴأżӴﴵ㡣
S֮¹кһʱûôˡ
뵽SСʱԼ񣬻һѲУϵ棬¸ҵάԼģ
ӣġ
S֮¹󣬺ȻࡪʵˣҴǰǹɡҷҪôôôôľͷҲС˺ܶࡣ
ÿᵽS飬ӣĿ񱳺Ŀ־塣
ΪԼѾεĺܺá
ûáϾӣǿСġ
Ǻһθе˶յѪ¡
ʹSĸรѾʧڻʰ꣬ѪԵϵǸϵġ
ôSǻʰ׶ӡ
ôأ˵ϾͶˡ
˻ǾԼףǸˡ
˵ǡڸڲó˭֪ʲôʱ򣬻ʰ꣬һŭɶȻѪ֮£ְնأ
ΪΪܡӮ˵Ǹ˾Ϳ԰Ұڹ֮Уèһ㡣
ʹѾèδر̸һǻȤع۲ӵĴ
ûмʱ˺SΪ̫֮λȨϣı˸ˡ
ãֻҪSóκ֤ݣ֮ǰһҧ˻Ĺϵ
ôʰԴأ
ܱȶԴSֺöأ
뵽ֻñһ㱡亹ԼSͬ
Sͺôһ㡣
ԼǺ͵׵ܵܣһĸ
ڻʰУ˵Сɺ޵ĳ̶ȣһʤһ
ͺñȵĻʰʮ塣
ůȻ˶˺˼
𴲣ū˵Ǻ簢Ƶķþ߹ˣʸ֪òÿգЩѧѧʣһ
ڶʾá
΢΢Ȼ;ãʵܱܵˡ
ܵܣҰĲԱʶȴǿ
Ȼɲʲô£ȴܱ֤ԼƽݡȳмλĬĬŵİǣûգڿɲʰŴŹ̫ƽ
ֻǣܵܣľʹûжһ˿ͷ𡭡
һĭ


704 ɻ

粻ʱˡ
ֵ˱˴˼棬һмΣȴûһ̸ЦūŽķı
һɻʯ̨ɻʯɻ֮ʯɽʯϸ壬ǰʹ֮УҲûȡ֮Ϊĵĵġ
ī͵֮жδأҲǴӿſʼڴڣν覣ʼϸɫ۶īɬͱʣʹ̸ޣӱԡľɻʯ̨
Ȼ˺öǿôһ̨ҲɵŲ
ԸȥȡΣˮɻ֮УָЦص磬ɻ֮
ȥſ̨֮ĸֳͼߣȻޡ
⡣̲סڳ޵
Цŵɻˮ壬ƺ嫳岨Уϼ￪
ǿѲʢȳɽפϼطɻдµʫ
ϸϸ˵һƬؽ󣬺š
źеģɵؾЩ񡪡ܵ⸱ӣʵѾˡ
꣬ɫȴ˲仯ֻһаСǺ粡֮󣬻ʰʹ͵أص͸硣
ǰһֽ̨˺ǰС糤󣬺͸æµ绹ףⲻ⣬绹ˡ
һ˲ֽ̨ͬʱͿܵܺȻĴ˿α̯ϣһҪ̵ָģ
һз·𻹺ʹǰһ
һҲʹǰһ

Ӻ͡
ƺȣͷ˿ڴϣټ֪˲֨ҽеķҡ
ּ
ڱȴߴٱȺ󣬱ǽȦʶTѹڸΪǡΪ
ͬʱľŵܡʶKΪ˹ڡ
ʶKļҲ֡ни롢롢Ĭµġ
⼸жǺû㷭뼸ǣ¼ġӵġ˳µġ
ƶ
֮ǳӡ֮⡣
Щִȥ˵ġ
ӣȻ֮УҲ˵ʶTʱڡδߴ١£Σһ߱ᣬһ߳ԼΪǡ
Ȼĸݱ΢ôҲǷ񲻵Ϊȸڡ
ʶKֱƿڴڶǱ˶ס˿ڣǿ֡
ʹ尾£ʶT״ת¡
֮ǰڿӥ¼ʱ򣬱вĿҪǰִһ㣬ӹȻ
οⷬӶ裬˭Ҳܲˡ
ʮԲ԰ŵƽʣһƬڵա
ʱҲᵽϣʼˡ
ںS֮ǰʵطGѾӣǰ˺üĲܹٱ֮Ůϡ
ǳ˺S֮طGֱ˻ˡ
ٸһλӡ
ӣĽɽ֮Уȿֺؼ
Ķˣ˵Ҫʹϲ˵ֻûһƲѡҲûо嶨
ǻһ仰£
ΪСС磬Ҳ﹧ϲˡ
ΧһȺ˿žʹȤʱ죬ٹЩ꣬͸ֵİˣ
һӾˡ
ӣЦЦеĻ̲סţ˿ֻĽӶøȴ֪⼸ӣǰһҲǲ㡭
Ҽбľ

ȥһҴˡӣ˿ϵʱö֣վͶ˵
ڵĺʽҲǰڻʺġ
һҴ֮Уһ缲˫ۼʧĻʺ
˶һ㶣ȵӦ֮س޻ʹһʱ伸ƨ
˶Լ֪ģ޺󹬳ǫ͵Ĵʻȫˡ
ӣߣϻʹļߡſڵģһתͷǣ۰Ͱ͵ĸ
룬˻֣źūˡ
ŴһҴķ߹ȥ
źߣʱʱ磬Ӧǰ͵ϳ
Բ԰԰ﲼõʮӦĻƹҵĵǣȼʱ
ǰ֮ӣһƳۣȻͿһϤӰ
ʢ
̫̫ҽģˣҴҵ̵ķȥˡ
һҴھ̵ԱߣӣȻһҴķȥɱľͺʢӭͷײˡ
ԶԶؿʹʢϽ͹밲
ʹĿɻ̫ҽϴתʢܹԾؾӣ㱨ˡոճ˼ɥ£Ƿּ⣬˻ȥػ
ү˼
˵ԭǡŻ֢


705 Բ

νŻ֢ǸʲôʵҲ˵ˡ
˱ĥַϣϻ϶ܴݲУֻѹյһݰˡ
ܹһЩѣҲδһ¡
ʢ˵꣬Ϊڻʹǰɫ͸βסɡ
ȷү֮˵һɥ¡
һϲأ

ӣվԭأǶԶԶں
ʢ밲ʱۼŻʹ˵ˣ˶ܹԾԶÿȥ
ӣһĭ˻֣ʢϽȥˡ
ܿ쵽һҴ֮С
Ͻ֮У°Ǭ幬̨а̫ǾĸźҰڻƶǣҪʮĲʻԲ±**±СʱΣ˷ʳΪʽ
ΪԲ԰һȻҪȹ΢ӼһЩġ
ˣʺΪ֮Ҫǽеʽǲ١
ʵЩ֮ǰӣѾ񸮺úðڻǰǰҲδ±ǲŷ֡
㣬񡢻ʺͲҪеġ
˺һʺǱ˷ųˡ
ΪۼֻģظеǰӰӰζܿҲ͵·ʮֻ
ÿһС̽
⸱ӣէȻһȥͷ·ϰʮ·Ƶġ
Ϊ岡ʹĥӰ飬ҲôĴˡѷζʮַƽ
ѹͲǹڸеĴ硣
Ŀࡣ
󲿷˿ſţˣνĪ
ʺǶӣԾûʲôͷˡ
Żˡ

ҵ⣬㰵ɢ
ڵĶӦĹ𻨡ʯҵȹϹ辰Լ滭ȳ裬ר
趼ضԢ⣺ʢũ£˳ưΪ¡
ֱֲһӲйʺҲףʺ࣬ò
ȴĪ¶˼ַ̡
˸ʺ֮ȷֿ£һ̧ͷͿйһ޴̴߽¹ҲǻʹǰӦ衣
УΪӣƨЦų˼䣬ֿ޹Ưȴʹɫֹסˡ
ʺѹô˵ûʺѿô
λϣݺֻǳĬš
ΣȻתӣķ򣬶ӣĵص껹ǰæô
ӣ⻰ʵһʺǰʱӦ͵ϳϾӦˡ
̧ۣľȻءӣ
ӣ̧ۣȻϻʺնֱġ񡱣Ҳ̲סһ
ʺģңеˡ
ҪǴԵĻֱëȻ
û˵ϻתͷͷһ֪Ķðķ飬૵ԹԵ磿֮󣬱ҪϢˡ
һ̲סŻʹ
⻰˵ľͽȫûˡ
ӣϺһͷ΢΢ü룬תԸūšȥǰ͵һƣ£شߴٻϡ
߸ոշԸ꣬ȴĵܣ±ʥĸ̫飬ͻʹһ飬һ顭ǲлˣɲӦꡣ
ӣͫ΢΢Ŵٿָ߬ʥĸ̫
֮Уʥĸ̫
üˣ

طGȻǰ͵ˡ
ͨݵһˡ
˽»̨ף۾ֿţһᣬһġ
ҿӣǻʹλãֻڻʺһ֮£Ҳܽ龰ۼֿغͻһ𣬰ѻʺֱ۸һһҵץסˡ
طG˴ӣһ̧ͷĵһۣ뵽߸֡
˷ϲ¾ˬ
ȻطGҲŬ˷ܣӣϾô꣬һ۾Ϳˡ
̨׵ʱ򣬲ƮƮġһ㲻ŵһ䣺ʱϰһԳĻһܷˡ

Թ±ֽԲȡǺļԢ⣬ϼҷֳԣԲҺԲ
ۼӲҪʳԲطGϲ֮£ѹʲôû˵
һ˷ˣܺõÿʹһ±ضʮĴ±顢±ʮ顢±ʮ顢±ʮ顣
⻹аϵȵȣе˾״硣
Ǵ֮У˶űشūǣѵعл


706 

ոսطGȥʶ_˵һ
ǣ޻ǵõͰǵ˽ᵳʱ˵ԸʶTͬѾˣȥͬϤ㡣
Ȼǻֵܣôȥ
ʶ_ּ֮󣬽Լס֮УһһҹδδʳδľȻԭСŪˣҲԸȥ
һظʶ_Ҳ³ˡǡ֣طGףӲͷĵܵǷˡ
һ죬㲻ɫһּȥȻʶ_л֮ȣݻ󡣡
Ȼ֪ޱʱɱ㡣

ʮһڵ˿֮ʱ
ʹ꣬ǰȥ¼
걳񻯵ĲɽɽɽɽˮӳνǾɵķˮأʱᣬõǰ̧ܣŵﾰꡣ
ǺǳȥȻһ㡣
Ȼĸ׼֮еʱ򣬺Sȴ˲õϢԴӱ˻ƴӣֱʶT֮󣬺Sһֱѻɼ
񸮵ݹϢʵ˵ıȽίʵĶǣSڽ֮ڣȼأŻѪ֢֮
ƫƫԸҽūǸԼȰ˵㱻ԾƴȵĲʡ¡
ϹڵϣŲסͷҲSϳȥ
ֺŮļƣһʱ䶼ŵùһء
Ժū˺Sϳȥʱ߳дſԹ޶ڴˣ
ֱ⼸죬ۿźS˾Ϳ첻ˣūǻŵҪҲ˲ôˣӲϢ
طGüͷǰһ֮󣬳Ĭá
̧̧֡
˻֮طGһھ̵֮Уֻ΢΢תһȦԸݣȥSǶ

S״̬ҪĶࡣ
˵SӣطGһʼǺ⣬ȵˣ֪ȻЧµŻģ
ʶKλڼָĳ˼֮һֱѺڸǽ֮£˵ϳо
أ˼ι֮жѣأʶKĥ
˵һգһֱһʱʶK۾ʼǰ˻Ӹķ
Ŀ
񣬺SȻ⸱ģһֳķ̣طGкĥֵܵĺ붾
طGʹ
ʢС̫ǰȥҲ˲úSУӲǽ⿪
S˶ѾݵΣֽƬƵģѴִֿ󣬷һӻλƣϷ̨ϵϷ
赲סūţʵϸûʲôС̫ѹûʲôͽϵӶҿӵһˡ
ǰһӣSūǽԼȴˮ죬ֲϴ軻£˱żһ֮ζ
ʰǰSȻҲ˼֡
ʹȫǿʰͷһͷûĵأȻһΣ͵Եȥ
طG˷ǰǴ˹е̫ҽģʱ̫ҽǰΡ
̫ҽʹ֮󣬹ͷֻ֧֧ᡪģȻӻż־ġ
ǺSƣȻûŰ
ѹ볹Լ塣
һһˣ˭Ҳסġ

طG΢΢תתͷȵٻعͷʱѾɫ糣
SŻʰɫֻ񱻽һͰˮ͸ˡ
ʰѾˡ
ʰȵ۲ͬһԼ·ˡܺĽԼȥƴӣǾ޿ٻָԼˡ
ʹһ˲ĶݣҲǼ˽֮ˣ֮ˡ
СƮӺὫSסֻӣӣϸ̫ҽأǧס
λꡱʮ꣬Ȼ˶Ǵ󰢸磬ޱȡ
д󰢸еĲƸλ
ֻԼЩʲôӡ
ĻӲ⣬Ӳǿ·Ķһ
ʱ򣬰õʱҲΡ
SϲΡ֮ĸúܳء
ûԴ͡Ц
S׵úܣӡСԸԱȴ֪һԱ֮ԱΪûпܰ

طGûдںS̫á
ĿŻʰӰȥSͷϿͷǹ͸ˡ
ۿŻʰԽԽԶСƮӷԱߣᣬͿSȻһĶ
Ŭֱ̧ۣͷȻʲô
СƮĲȥ˲µᣬӵĶ˺һſףSͷȻһñӵģ
һñӡ
һһûпܴϵñӡ


707 ½ɾ

ҹԲ԰
գּ׼սSǨƾԼԭȵĻӴ԰У
ʥּûžʹˡ
SŻѪֹƬѪѪ飬žˮǺּƺŻ
Ͼ֮£ʧ룬ʹʧôһĹ򡪡Sû˶
ɫȻϣɫȴʹ࣬һ˿ĽѰ΢Ц
ߣΨҵ
̫СƮӵϱ㽫ūֵһֻˮѳ
˵ˮǳˣҲǿϴֵĳ̶ȡ
ûóСƮվ˶ؽԼôˡ

Ϊ޵Բ԰ĽȺ֮һԢ޴غ庣̣ƽ
¼ҹˣɽ̡
طGĬĬھ̵µ֮һԶ
ʮһԲ԰Ӻĵһѩ
ѩԽԽ֮ѾһƬҰײã·ؼеĹԱһƬѩǡ
ʮ³Ծ귵أصʰǰ֮ڻʰĬ£һ±װȥˡS硣
S鴦档
ȻǰѰ˼ҵı׼ѾǼˡ
һλĻ˵̫̫࣬ˡ
Sȥƴӣڼ롣

ѩ޺ۣԴӻ֮󣬺ҲûһS
ʮ£ۼǨԲ԰Ͻǡ
Ϊӭĵ
һƬѩ֮УӺ´Ϳ쵽ˡ
ȵ۹ɥѾ࣬´طһЩδеĽĿҲˡ
ӣǻôǰã򵥵һĿȻ
ĳ򿴵ͷˡ˯ǰЩ¡
һСϾʧˣһֱ˯˴硣
طGǰ³ӣʱøո𴲡
ûˣҲûͲµˡ
طĢ֣Ůһƣʾ˲ó밲ȻŽȥ
ȥͿ޷΢ɵشӴҪ´
Ȼů˺ü䡪Ҳ֪ǲ˵ԭӣÿ굽ʱ򣬶޲ðԼһͷܣȲ費֡
طGȥ֣´ͷıġ
Ǹո˯ôôЩģͷӣ
ǴմźôһӣһԱ߶㣺
Լֻ໥һ²̧ͷطGֹ⻹أ
ӣһ˵һѾ廨ЬվչöźԼѣָָԼĴȵ˶檴£һֱţȫǱġ
ʵҲһ˵û뵽طGţȻһֱ֣Ӱ˹
ڴرϣԼϣָźѣȥӣϥǡ
ӣ
ôó
Ϳϵı棬·̫ҽжʲô֢Ƶģֲ᲻صİѹ󱳺ü۲ۣ᲻᣿
أ
ӣɴְԼθ۲ᣬĻš
˵ˣöҲͺӦĹһ
طG
һС⣬ǻʼ֮رĵģ򵥣ǰٳԲ塣
ӣ䷽ԼӸĽһЩؿռó֬˿ʳĿڸиá
ʵô죬ֵģδЩʱˣӣԽǿŵĴŵů裬ԽǾҪСˬڡ
СⷽǰȥƤ̶ĥϸĶ֮󣬷ǣȡ
ԭˡ
ѱǶ൹һһ裬ȵ֮ٵģߡ
ȻڱͰ֮䶳һʱȵȫѾ̣Ϳȡõпѹϸ־ĵ񻨻ˡ
ŷУֵģ߶Уֻ겻ϲ̫ڵĻƣԼΪƷ֮ӣСҲͲѹˣֻˮгΣɫ֮УԶԶȥש
ȻطG򵥵С޲ڣ˵˻ͷϣҪŷҲġ
һʳһҲûӣղŵϥ֢֮Ըʢȥ̫ҽʹӡ
Щ⣬²Ѫһָӣһ⣬һ߳ص
ӣˣ΢΢۶ЦЦ
˵طG޵룬ͼҴϵĴˣϵıʮˣҲʮˡ
˶٣طGֱŵдһ½ɾһֽ߻԰˯߷ӣ֮ؾ޾ǿáգһ㣬úơ


708 Ȣ

ţطGЪˡ
ҹūˮ֮ӣ۾ˣǼŮ뱧źϴһ֮󣬲˯¡
ȻҲû˯ãģģģӣ͸оˡ
΢΢ۣһŤͷȻͿطGѾڴѡ
ˣͷǸεضЦЦ˵޵ֲأú˯
ӣһߴŹǷһֳ۾һůӡ
ůĹ߼谵ӱʱ䣬ӣ΢΢ۣſ˺һ
Ÿոĵӡ

ūſʹ֮ŮǱϴþߺˡ
طG³ӣð˯˳ȥϴ֮Ǳӡ
ӣﴲŶطGǶˡ
Ǵ˯Ƿ˸;öӶˡ
š
֮öźͷȵůһʰ֮ӣȥͿطGѾˡ
ŵūѾų˳ӣš
ƻҡҷ֮¡
ϵһŷǶ͹ġξ֡ؾ֡ľ֡֡¯ֺ˾в룬˵幬֮Уƽʱڴ϶ΪΪطGԴӵǻԺ˽ʵŻ嵭
ӣͿǰѼࡢϡུ
⻹ֲͬζĺʹͱ
ͱ֣ɿڣӣÿӾҧһھͷŲˡ
ųڣطGѾӹūǵֽӣ˲ǡ
һһĺףԣϲʲôŷˣ͹
ӣﻹҧŴͱ⻰ҲûػطGߺһԴ
طGһ磬΢΢Ͱǰƣˡ
ŮźԱߣΣ˵ͷ΢Ц
طGת⣬Ժһع͵ūм߹ӣҪվģҲżˡ
֮УıӰԶֳСŴͱһѼࡪѼ֮֮ȣѪˮθѣ˲
磬̫ҽƽˡ
ȵ̫֮ҽ˵˰ķԸΪʹ￪ŷӡ⸾ϥѪв
̫ҽᣬӣԸ¶طG֣е֮ɫ
Ȼ̫ҽǰŲŸոߣ̵̵Ҳѡ½ɾ͹ˡ
ûпݣֵֻĻ벻ⱾǺйصġ
ӣһҳͿдšأɽ·ʦХӽԻñˣˣǸɽ漲顣ڹᣬʦҩһ裬ˮ¡
ӣ԰⵱С˵ζؿ˺üҳֱ߻԰ķӣԱ߻дıע飬ּ졣
ӣһ۾ͿطGдġ
ⱾǱϸĹġ
ǰûãԽ棬ԽֹͿĨĵطࡣ
ǽ٣νݲܷʮͣ½ӡطGīϸдˡɼԳϵĿ
ӣغ鱾

ӺĴܿ͵ˡ
Ǭ幬УҶ֮ǹ֮д֮ҲѾ˴˴Աݡ
ͬʱ½ܹĵ׼
طGΪѡĸ¼ϵĹȺҪһ㣬Ǳ̩Ůѧʿ¼ѼƵĵŮ
˵λ¼ѼƣҲ⼸곯ϵķ
ӺԪĽʿĻѧʿ溲ԺԺѧʿǱã档
طGλ֮󣬼һ˲ŵ¼Ѽ֮󣬺ֿͣ¼鸴º²ɫ
ţСֺͻҲͽ˹
طGžȥӣˡ
ӣȻŮףȢĸѾŮˡ
طG϶ϲúĸһѹȥ
һоͺ˳ˣ˸ѡ׵ӡ
ָѡȡ򸣽ּĸҪȥǬŶ汱򣬵ȵּ¼ŮӺΪ
Ѹڡ
ĸ׳ּߵ˳
Ȼѡõﰴ˳Ķɲӭ
ôһææ˾
˴һգһֱƵʱ֣ӭ̲Żܹ١ʻУξ̧ΧʽΣϲĺ棬ӭ׶ƺƵβ
ǰӭȢ
Բ԰죬ӣΪĸǻʹݣһ·֮Ǻϲ


709 ع

߹֮󣬲Ǵūš
ʼҲȻͬһ㣺ƽЩȻ˵ˣ⻹дζĽԼƥƤ̡ƤƤ£޹ñΡ
Բ԰ǰˮΪϵԵʣΧĲʵȫӳںˮ֮Уӳϵ¶ʤա
ں׵ǰգʵ񸮻˺ü֣רŸʹｲӭʱΪĸЩҪ룬ָô
ӣȢ׵ɹ٣Ӧ̫ӣ˭֪һ飬еɵۡ
͡ر鷳
ѹ񸮻Ҫר˹ʾ
ôֵİȵۿŶĴһˣȥ¿ĻӸãȢ޳סµ׶Σӣֻٸн
Ķп
Ÿˣ˭Ҳûע⵽
ڵƹİӰ£ϵıһֱŵıҲˡ
Ĵһһظ
鿪Ц˳ӵ٩޵ʱ򣬶޵ȰȰסˣﵹǰỨ
ӣַСӵļϣ΢΢ͷЦеصһķ羰Ȼ˸պʰ˵һᵽ鷿ѧʿɾ͸ˡ
ܿŵһüë͵ؾͱˡ
ȢޣչĹأ峿ӷӦųε̫󡢻ʵۡʺг
û̫Ǻ¼̵ȥˡ
֪ӷ򸾰ƣҪгģطGҲ˽ʺͻʹˡ
ӣĸȻ˵ӾѾ𴲻ͷ͵ź¼ϻˡ
ȵ˾̵ӣĿԶԶͶȥͿ¼ϡǺͻϳһģһǸˡ
ֻһ̴棬ƫƫһɫׯصĳ֮£ŸԵ׳ˡ
Ȼӣ֪λ¼ϵҪȺϼģվһѹͿ
Ϊ࣬ƫƫҪ˹ϳء
¼ϵ鶯žǸСЦʱ򣬴Ҳ¶ǳǳСѣ񣬼ʹһĳѹţҲڲסĿɰ
һ»Сվһ𣬿ȥ¼͸Сˡ

չǣǰòţֻ󼸲ں
ȻӶŻʵۡʺߵ񣬸ɷ
ϵۼ⼸кתܹģģĿǰˣ¼ϣĿкȻ΢΢¶ã֮ɫüͷҲ
λµСüĿ֮ʮϤ·ĶƵġ
ء
㿿Щ¼֡
¼ϲҵ飬ǰȥȻ¡
ĲֽԼǰһЩ
зۣ¼Ͽ
ʮص£ЮɢϣˮɳԺʹ
ǵʯһ˲䣬¼ЦģĳһǶȣսʱϡ
ʱֻǸСҲûϲรǱϾٲ֪
Ҳ¼
Ͻض¼Ͽ˺һ
¼ϵҲη壬ֻǾعڻʺǰ
Ȼǰ棬ȴҲ˲Ծ΢΢Ļͷһ¼ϣԸֱˡ
ɴվһԣһ²ؼ߸߹ģ
һ£¼еˡ
ӣţź΢΢üһ£ʾһ¡Ų鲻Ը˹ȥ¼ߡ
λСˡ
ΪǻʺĸϻԱߣ֮¼ϺͺҪʹǰ
ߵݡ
ӣû¼һ°꣬͹ȥְ¼ϸˣ΢Цŵúӣա
ͻʺζĿɨһԱȣ¼ֻλʹʵ׼ˡ
οԼɷĸ¼иһС
ӣվˡ
СۣʱӣһСʱֵĴ
طGϴЦ⣬һˣһȢ޳ɼңСԼӣǰгҲһ׮¡
뵽Ŀӣָָߣʢ

ˮľɪ֮Уһõʮְ
Ĺʳԣ޲ǶӲùѹˣԺˮľɪӿǹʮ졣
£֪ɩɩǰг񣬺׵úܣԼܿҪصĻӾȥˡ
ȥҲá


710 

ϾԼҲһ쳤
ӵʱȻ֣һкԶǿɲһ¶

ת˲͵˹֮ա
νĻšһ죬۲»ĸҡ
ĸҪӭڸ⣬񣬵ȵ󣬸ĸŮͥ
չеĹأӸʱ䶼пƵģͣܳ磬žͱߡ
Ǵϲ£οŮ߼޵ǻʰ磬ȻףƷʮṩҡޡƷҲμӡ
ʢ

ƻ֮ʱ
͹һȣһԵðˡ
Ȣ޿֮һȻ˺硪Լԭȵס鷿ӷ㡣
ȻʰΣҲ㡣
ⲻŶ̶һѮʱ䣬ʰѾˡ
뵽һ㣬ڴ¶ĺҡҡͷ̾һ鱾
鱾ϣαϡ
ƮŵĶǹ㣬ۣƢ뵽˶Ĺ𻨸⡪֮Ϸ۵ζ˿㣬ζ
أԺ̫ž̵˾ʹҴҵعˡ
˶簢һ߹һߵİ磬괫İȥ̵
һ£׹ˣǰæԼ鲻СӵĹΣСӵѧʡ
ԸɴūŹ˽йȥ
΢΢ǣž̵˻˻ֵ֪ˣȻȥɣϾ͹ȥ
ͷ˿̯ŵ鱾˵ʱţ£ʱҲˡ
ѸٵľͰ⼸ѧѵһƪ¸ɨһ£ѡѵһ䣬ƴ˺ü䡣
ʰǿϲԽԽѡ
һ·һдƮƮ˼ͷһ·ţںߵС̫͹ڵذŰ絧żϵĻҶ
һ룬й롣
һ̧ͷһ߽²Щ
Ȼһ̧ͷͿ̵̫࣬һǰ·һƵƵͷɫ΢¶
ȻȾˣֲιߴС硣
΢΢ͷӿ˽µĲ
һߣһߺȻ;ãʵǰкڣҲδһ¡
ϾĿɢһЩʰҲһЩУͷءġѧҵ
챻ġĳԲˡ

Բ԰ȻƿϽ֮вɭϣ¥̨ͤ빬֮вٽݾ໥ͨټϾ̵;밢ǵסܽһѾ˾̵ǰ
Բ԰еĹ֮һԺдģļ䡪ԼСʱȵԲ԰ھ̽ŵġ
񣬾һֱǻʰ޹˻ʰ׽̫ࡢسкǣǲܿһġ
ʰů鷿пۣʢ簢ԶıѾһ·С鲽ӭ˹꺮ůϸһֻûѺֱӸȥˡ
ȵؾź͵˴֮УȥԱ鷿ͨꡣ
վڴ֮Уͷŵŵġ̡Ҷ
ǻʰдīʰȻϲ˵ʮֵ⣬һ뵽͸ʰбʡ졢پӺݻľߴҷ緶
ССƲƲ죬ֻҲˡ
ϦĹӴ֮ϸʱ򣬿ԿиŵϸС
Ҷ߰
˼ȻֵҰһ㱼ۿˡ֪ұǷϻӣǲҲǲصôߣ
ͷҶȴֻһ磬ڿʲô
һ飬ˢػعſʰ긺վɫ
Ͻ밲ˡ
طGҲû̧ͷҶظڿʲô
վڻʰǰ΢΢ؾ͵ʰīƮׯйǡı䣬ǷȻֻվҶ֮£ҲΪǿΰ֮𺳣
һͨʺƨ컨׹ȵ˵ˣͿʰϲûʲôÿԼһۡ
ֻǵػ˻֣޽޿⼸յĹΣ
ʢվԱߣתĶɳˡ

Żʰů鷿֮УͿ֮ϣǺʹǰһ߶Ÿ߸ߵۣ͸СɽһŴĿġ
Żʰһܳʮ
Ҳ˵֮ǰȥ̵ʰʱûײһīС̫࣬ʰ۸ȥߵ·õ׶׹ͨˡ
ʰ굱ʱ꣬龰ģһɾҪС̫ϳȥӡ
ҿȰˡ


711 

طGƵ֮ʢۼֿǰȥȽԱ߰µĲյ˿ȻȻ˵űߣһҸ̸
طĢͷվԼЩԶ㹦Σǰ
п࣬Ҳֻ΢΢һͦǰȥСֱ
ԽԵеʰԽϲθѶȡ
ͽ߶֮
ȻطGСһۣˡʵǺеһƪѵ¡
ֵĶİˣȴһ㲻ұ¶ֻǸϽҴҵĽѵĶ䱳˼䣬һֲԱʾԼҲ飬һ๦ġ
ȻͷΪһϿҵضŻʰʰ꣬һ£ʦȻ⣬ܾûδ⡣˵ٱ飬֣ǶѾ飬бһ֪⣬νѧ˼裬ӿʰͽ̣
ѧĲãǲôҶ˿๦Ŷ
طGⶢź磬Ȼɨ
Щصͷ
ߣ
Ǹĸο⻹İŮ˸ĺء
ܱСӸŪסʵҲͱˡ
ǸӣȴЩСȴ֪СǴͿ
дĿ㣬дޡطG
˵ˣߴɨһۣһ䣺д
΢΢죬ͿʢƵģѾС̫ȥϵĶƲˡ
īֽȶѾ߱õġ
ۿŻʰѾĿдеˡղʱҲͱô䡣
ǳϷһ£ԡ
⼸ѧĹ¡ʱѹûнѧĳԽȥôд
ֲСʱˣԽԽѣʰҪʵļ⡣
ûҲ಻
ĥĥߵԱߣ̧ͷһۻʰꡪʰ˶ѾƲˣȫСɽˡ
ֻֽɳɳǻʰд
طGһ۸ĸͱƵӣ΢΢˲ĿСǱɨһۡ
ͿüͷĿʸҧֻ۾ֱĶǰ⣬һŰװ۵Сĳ˰ӡ
˺ð죬ص̧˱ʸӣֽ˵һʡ
ǲûдУ˼·谭ˡ
ɥĺͣo(ini)o
ʱжˡС̫ſڶʢ˵˼䡣
⣬ԶԶľˡʹ֡
ˣ
ǣһ¾̧ͷˡ
ȻǶˣлʳУӣʰ͵ĵġ
ȻԶҲһӾŵʳвزסĹ㡣
ǵúʰҲϲĹ𻨸⣬ÿʱ򣬶Ƕչֵʱ
ӣů֮УϥҪһƲۣΪԼۻˡСȻԶԶڴµӺ棬ֻ۾Բ
һȵı顣

ӣĿ֮£ϥһ룬ñԴƹطGˣɣ԰㣬ıĹ𻨸⡣
ֲֻ磬·СԱ߾һ
ɥ
ӣתͷ˿磬תͷ˿طGգգۣŻصǶˣҲ˸ŵʱڽţۣ檹һ˱Ҳš
طG⻰ֻ֣ص˵ûʲôŲţ
˵ˣӣ֣͵Լǡ
ۿŸĸ綼켱ˣλŤŤӣ̽СĪҲûţ
ӣ׶ӵ˼תͷطGһۡ
طGҲ
Ŀһ˲ӣָ֣ؾڸ»˻Ρ
طGɫȻģĿȴ˿
Űɣһ
תͷź
֮ã±վˡ
ڶߣ̬֮˲ָСʱģ㡣
˭֪ﲻɫؾһ
ŷھ̵ţ괫ˣūǷ˺üȥ
֮УƻͨһƷѼһƷҰ˿˿һƷѿ³¹˿һƷһƷͶһƷھСһƷȡ
ӣĹ𻨸ⱻ۵ĵط
ֹ𻨸ͬͬȥ٣ϸʲˮŴ׷۸⣬Ŵ׷лҪţ飬ϵȵĶɳ
Ĺ𻨸⣬濴ŴŴҧһ㣬Ϲ𻨵㣬ܳԶٶ塣


712 ʹм

СӵͷԵ㣬ô̧ͷԼطG΢΢ҡҡͷ
ӣָʢһųԸ㣬ȵˮˡ
Ӷˡ
ֱ޲ԶҪôܣ
ȵʰͶȥ֮󣬺ͿʰĿһתԼ߿˹
Դ̵Ӻ棬ſʼĥĥд¡

ʱ֮ۿʵǱﲻʲôīˮˣֻܽдõ¼Ĺȥʰꡣ
ʢ͵ǰ
طGеʣɨһۺ磬½˹ƪ£Ҳ˵дȫȻ̸޷ļ۵ȥ˵
ʲôԸļ⣬Ҳ˼ĺۼ
ƽȵһƪӹ¡
ʵǲԶˡ
̧ͷͿ綼λˣһԼ
ϾԼСĶء
طGͲټΪˣڰʢȥ
һ뿪̵ʱҲôˣֱصһ룬֮УŶūŵϽźϴ
ֻȲɵڴϡ
ᡣ
뵽͸Իʰٳʣÿζݲȣڳ£дֽ塭
ţڴշתˡ
СĻʰ磬ĿǰҲֻһǺú顣
Ժ󣬵ȵ˸ǵͣΪӣȻҪΪʰǡ
һ죬ϵŵĲ»ԽԽ࣬ܵĿԽԽѶȡԵĻҲԽԽӡ
Ķǡ
ޱϴһȭͷһ
ʰϲ͸磬Ϊ͸á
Ϊһһۿ±⣬ܰ۴дϵĺӡ֤ݵķӦܵ˼άǶȵ˼ƵĶ
ЩպԸӻ
ʰϲģǺ͸ġ
ۿݶ
ףھ̵һʵһ
һڻʰǰúñֵ
ܰãдáȻܺãΨһչ;
бĺܶ෨ӿԱĻ龢һĻʰĿ
ϧ˷ˡ

ϾѾˣȥû˯ţʧһʱҹ˾罥ľЩ
Ĵ˴ǽڣſڵĵͷ˯С̫;ˡ
С̫༱ææܽڴǰʵİ磿
ӱһ䡣
С̫һŹǷһСĵһյİžȥİˡ

ɽӣҹд˯ѹڱʹ˸СС硣
һһ⻰Ȼûۿŵ˯֮ʱůͦůЩȣǼŲŮӡ
ҹˮ
ӡ
ǳˡ
ڶϣϸźıӣӣǺܲҵĸðˡ
ظð
˻ģ紧һǦԴ͸ֻ
ƫƫ·һѵʱ΢һ㣬͸һ
ĵʹ
Ǳطˡ
öŵĲУȥ̫ҽ
ȵ̫ҽԺ̫ҽ֮󣬹¿ڳƻʹ֢״Ƿ纮֢״أҪҩ
˶ཿǰǧʱ򣬾вóĵλɣΪһصķ纮ֲþƣأչɿ֢֮顣
̫ҽλʹʢ裬ȻŸʹĳƺţʵںеĵλʺ졣²ҵʻʹǷҪ
̫ҽȻʵǡǷ񣿡ϵɫȴѯʡ
ӣףʵڻ֣̿µΡ

طG͵ϳȵ³֮˼λĸس͵Աߵľ跿¡
跿ոģרŰĻڻҲרŰĹԱճ
أطGĿһɨͿʢԺŵת
ȵǶ˳ȥˣʢλ̫ҽ¾Ͱѻʹһ顣
طGһɫͱˡ
û꣬˰֣󲽿˾跿ڼݶûԸֱɽȥˡ

ɽӣͷϻ
ѾЩˣŸɿȵ֢״źŶûá
嵭İ࣬ʲôʲȥ
ΪǷ纮ðķգŮҲܸˮӱʹñʵ䷴˱Ѿ纮ͣȲɢ
ӣǣȻ˯ʱģģֽǸصĳտռ䡣
ǰϣĿȫǵζƷ߰˸ǰӣûƷơ
һƷƵİװƯһӾӣߡ
Ʒߵǹ·ߣװҲȫɫ㡪ƯСɹǴŵĲƷҲŷ壬¡
İװֱֱõװȥϷΥ͡
Ϊһհߣӣܵ֡


713 طG龪

ûö١ͷʹʹ첲ʹ
Ҳʹˡ
ȵζܡ
ӳտռ˳ӣĸһۣصɽĿռ䣬Ͷһ˫Ϥüۡ
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ѵһĻ̼ۣһڳɳƶٵصӣ
ӣͷ亹ϸϸһ㡣
̧һָڱ˼ӲĶ
ӣһ飬ʶľͽ첲ﱧŵļƿζƷ˲ء
طGȥöһˮܽźūȫڵˡ
϶˵ı顣
м̫ҽܾ˴棬ɫҲס
ֱʹѹ̫ҽһ
ӣۼ⣬һӾͿһ̫ҽл롣
ѾڿӺôˣ
ǵôԽ֮ǰƵţ˵ȥĵˣ˰ˡ
һϣ˺üŷ֡
žͳֲ
ʶľԱһ¡
طGһ־ͰסļһգգĽ㷽˯ȥˣλ㣬㶼ʡ£
ϲŭɫ˵ҲֻǾ£޸š
˵Ȼ򵥣ӣطG΢Ȧ֪ղؿռ֪ʶ
ߵ˽в϶طGŻˡ
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һ˵һΪ˰οӱȥסطG֣Լ΢΢
̫ҽǶǰˣʹ֮󣬾˵ƹķ״Ȼûл⣬Ҳûмء
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Ǻ¡
طG˲һЩ˻֣Աߵ˶ȥˣöϳȥˡ
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ӣڴϣԼԼ˵ƺǺ
ҲˣطG
طGͷϢš޽ձֽеУΣû޵ˣ֪ﲡˣⲻմ鷿˾͹ˡ
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طGҲ˵ַ˴ʡ
ԸڴرϣʹõĴʴͷбϣЩһž޴Ļס硣
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һһӣͷᣬľ
ӣɤۣ˵ʱľһڡҲǰο
طĢ˹Լգζ
ӣһǸˣ
ۿͷ΢΢¶һЩطGȥӣҴñӽǣ־ͲСĴ˱Ķ
ϹѾ֪Ĺ䵽˱ӱԵ¶һ롣
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˳־ͰѵϹ޸ˡ
ӣһ⣬Ѿˡ
ֽŽӲ˳¿ȵطGѾץһֻɹޣд֣
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ۿطGҪתȥӣϽס֣꣡
ǰϲѲ״ϴϰߣʱ򻹻ڴϱȦȦ㣬߻дд
ֳطGҲǼٴεġ
طGΪӣԼԳգ˲ˣЩζƿƿ޹޴˴ϡ
޿κεҡҡͷͷ޲˵㡣
һ˵һطGͽӻӣ
ӣϽһ־͸סˡ
ƵŵǲλŶά룬滹̼ҸƵأ
ɨάɽۿ

ȵطG֮ӣϽͰöˣǽеĵζƷȫתƵŷȥȻ˯һ硣
ȵʱȶһЩ
Ҳûôʹˣֻθɲһҩ͸оȫˡ
طGҲûھ̵Ъţֱʰһ£Ȼڼݽɽ
ӣůϢ˯һߵ鷿ӣ
ūÿʱͻ㱨һ»ʹ

һҴ֮УҲ֪˻ʹѵ顣
˵ŵúܣֱ콫鷿˹ȥһ߰ҹһŻʹ
أ
ڴ󲿷ʱ˽ʱ򣬻ǸϲƺӣΪϡǻʹ
ƺάһָ߸ϵƽ⡣
վڻʺһ̫߰ҽĽ̷ŸĦĿѨλһߵ˵λһֱů˯ء
촽갾ҹ
ǣ˯


714 Żʹ

߽¶һĨǰףطGеӣŸо米ѾʹòԼˡ
ӺһǽӲġ
Լǿ϶͹ˣǲô죿
Ǻ˹ȻѾˣ֮£Ϊλȳӷ߷߲ƽģڡ
ֱʱգвΪĻλӦǰġ
Ӻʱ˺ͣ˸ˣŶ˾λá
աʼߡбơ﷨һһٴ붼Ƭ̶иƽġ
طGҪ˶ĿãƽɽӵסҲصȡ
ůϢ֪ǵڼΣŮſϸϸ档
ʢٽתһ顪ʹ˯ú죬ȥܰȡ
ȶҲһЩ
طGһһߵͷͿʢ۵ǵԼꡭ
֪ʢ˵ʲô޷ǾҪٰҹӦעϢ
֮ǰô˯һʱҲǺõġ
طG˰֣վ׼Թȥӣ˭֪ˣվԭؾ΢΢һ¡
ְŶͷȴһͷιȥȻ¶ҪǰߣȴʢһŵĲҰˣ꣡
شС֡طGƺŴ̫ҽǶɨһۡ
ֻһۣʢͰԴȥˡ
ͷﲻ֪Ǹʲôζ
˵龫ǣĶһЩߡⱾͺѪ
㲻æЩһҪǶͰҹĻϼԺòˡ
޵ĵҩطGӣǱůȥո˼ͣʲôƵģվڴ֮УͷʢԸ
ʢתͽʹ˸ɫС̫תˡ
һҩѾ˹һֻµСƿġɽͼƮƮȻ֮硣
ʢѾֽˮҲˡ
طGӹյһͷͰⵤҩȥ
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ʢվԱߣͿ˵ҩ֮Ͻ¶֮ɫ̵İ˰֣Լ²ɶԻʹš
ʢæӦˡ

ЪϢƬ̣طG߽ڸȥͿӣȻѾˣ΢΢üۡ
ҲǸոѡ
һ½ǣڴϣ˫ס־͵õû
˵꣬طGȥöͷӣ
ϻȵĴйȻ˲٣ʱôˣһ˫еѪ˿Ҳûˡ
طG˲٣ūţҩҪҪڶ˽źʹϣ
ӦһͿöĸŮ̾ͽˡ
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һҩ룬һ־ӣ˸ӣι㡣
ӣľˡһŸоԼȷʵǺ˲٣ˣָˣؿֶµĸоҲûˡ
طGҨһҩ֭Ĵ˴Ž͵ǰߡ
ۿӣԹԵĴۣĽëϣڸһƬӰطG˵ȡͿӣ̧۶ڳԵҩ𣿡
һʵֱ⧲طGüͷ΢΢һ뵽˸ղűضԼվڴ֮Уʢʱ΢һЩ
ǡӣָո˯ѹƾô˹ȥ
ԭǲ֪ġطGЦһ£̧޳ָĲ˲ӣǵһ˿ҩա
˶٣˳գǻˣѾԸʢȻװû
ӣ΢΢תתˣСǻ棬ˣҲѽ
طGΣתߣ㲻Ҫġ
öſڣԻһ亹
ǻˣֻһ仰ûηŭˡ
ůһʱ侲
ӣ뵽˴Խ֮ǰԼʷӺʵ۵򡪡кܶ˵˵͵ҩйء
Ͼʱĵҩܶ඼˴Ǧ
˵ˣ¾ǳϼҲɲ˺
ʷϵӺ˵Դ˻ʵλ֮󣬴ûֹͣ鵤ҩ׷
ʿԲ԰ҩǷԸֱԲ԰ǧľú̿Ϳ
ֻӣǵãʷϼصǣԴӺ꣬طGһ֮󣬲֮ſʼе־;η
ӴˣĴоܹٵ鵤ҩ
£ֻӺء
Ϳʼ
ʵҲⵤҩвٻĻҲͲʢܸˣ𣿡
ӣ˳ӣסطĢ֣ͷ



715 ֲ͢

طGû˵
ӣ΢΢ս֡
ΣͿطGĿ糣鲢ûʲôͷҨҩ̧֭ιߣ
ϡ
ӣ˵ʲôȴطGĿֻǶҩ֭
ӣ˵ѹ͹£龫ǣ⡣
ԼԼˣôأ
̧ͷקطGһֲֻţָ᲻صĦš
طG۽΢ҩ뻻һֻסȻסļͷ
һطG°İͷ̾һ֪Ϊ޺ãû취
˶٣Ȼģȼ
ӣ֪ܹﵽЧѾǲˡ
һζӲȰȥзЧ
þյꡣ
ȵˣһķӣĺ«ʶⵤҩĶԣӶ
طG§ӣҲס
ĲǰǻǿšůϤ
طGڣ޻һֱڣӣҪ졣
ӣû˵ʲôսֱۣۡ
ʶԼʵȥϼݱһ졭ʲô
ѹ붼롣

ſڵŮǶͷʼʹ˵ľһƬžˡ
мŮ̲ס̧￴öݺݵһ۸˻ȥ

ʮһϷ
󳼡沽ͳ¡ƶ࿪ʼܵ˻ϵѵ⡣
ÿһѲӶڳ֮ϣڴǰ˿һ档
Ҫ֪λ¡ƶˣǲ֮ǰһһ˾ˡؽţˣ̫ΣԺ˫ۿȸᡢƴΡ
ΪҢͰǡ˹ڵ飬䶼Իϵɱϡĺ׼
룺ֵҶ䵽ǡ˹ڵĵز
οһ¡ƶء
񾡣ءϹӲǳ¡ǲֵޱȡ
¡ƶˣһȹ١άӡ
١άǿľ˾ˣҲǿΪܵĹϵڿʱ١άС١볯š
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Уʮһ꣬ڳ԰Ҳ¡ƶţϢռһȻ
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¡ƶ࣬Ҳͼǿ˻ȨĴѹ˳Ȩ
һ桪Ҳ˷׷ײ²ȴ˵ģ顣
Ҫͨȥ¡ƶ࣬ĨȥĳЩĺۼ

Ȼ⣬˺ܿӦ˾ٱ¡ƶ˽뺡
ν뺡ǻס˸Ȩ鿴
¡ƶ಻Ϊһ󳼣ȴ˽뺣ʵﲻĴ
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¡ƶСլ֮У˵˳Ӵӱܴ߻̼֮£ˮ
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ŬŪЩҩĳɷ֡
ֻǿ׵ģý̫ҽʡ鱾еݣ̫ҽ˵
ǻе֣̫֮ҽҲ˵Ȼˡ

Ǳʰˣһһ˲١ܻʰæ¡ƶ飬ѹû˼ÿѧꡡ
ȴǰù˲١
ۿŽѾҪٽڡ
Ϊǳ˹ɥ֮ĵһٽڣĳƽϷ׼Ȼ졣
ȵڵʱ򣬹Ϸ̨ӴþͶ࣬ÿٽڣϲĽĿǡ١
ⲿϷĽɫģȡ԰֮˳ˡҪǻʼҵϷ̨㹻ɣô˹վ½ŶЩѡ
ӣǵԼǸʱţϵˡ
˾ͻϲ֡
û뵽һתۣˮתתĺ«
طGϷǹϸɽ͢ϷûгȥټϽ껹ݵȽϵѡʦ
ֲ͢͸ʵˡ


716 ԰

һ࣬ɿصķҲӦŶ
񸮼ϸõǾϷ࣬ǽ԰˵ĸݵ˸
ȷû˲Űϸʹ
԰ĺǶ󲿷ֵ˶ƿ䣬ǻǺӵʱ򣬾ҪųɳЦתΧӵĻ֮С
Ϊ˳һ뱥ĥʦûһƤòײų˲š
԰һԱȣ̷ֹּݾͺõĶˡ
ӺǻǰĽ̷˾Ѿ˺ѡĶֻ֮ˡ
ΪϲϲԱ̫ӵİӣԴӺֹּǣѾȥһ롪һЩѧղ֮ˣʱͻᱻ̭׼̸ǻؼҡ
̭˶ר˹飬˵ʱͼ˺ЩϵȺȵһһ࿼ʱ򣬲ŷˮƽƽӹúܡ
ˮƽ棬һ뷹ԵǺףڹַ͢£Ͳ˵ùȥˡ
¶طGŲ񻰣ѵ˼䣬ϾͳȽС¡
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Ϊٽڽϸմ¡ƶ࣬طGĺãǳľͷԸ˵Щ˵ȹٽ֮پ̸ǡ
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ЩͳͳȥһҲǶˡ
ӣǵõʱ񸮵˶Լ¶ʱﻹֹ˼䣺ɲǻġϹĹ
սʱڣģʦ࣬˫
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ÿʱϹĻڶУֻҡͷԣһͶģ
˾ȻҲɻ˺üꡣ
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ӣҡҡͷٽۿžǰ϶һ棬Щ˶Ϊѣֺαض£
ôɡӣеĲ᱾Źǰ񸮵˾ͷԸ

ٽڽǰˡ
֮ǰһµʱ֮ڣӣݹϷ̨ӡѾкþûкúǫ̂ӳϷˡ
Ϸ̨Χ˥ˡ
֮ǰӣֺʱʵҪάġ
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Ȼ䣬Ͱˢӣ˷ľӣϷ̨Ӷ¥ææ
ź£ΪɻɵȻ죬Ҳڡ
ۿϷ̨յķɽ¶˳
ӣöţһ̫๬Ůڸ߸ߵĻϣĸš
֮ǸϽĹʹ
Բ԰Ϸ̨Ӷ࣬ҲͬǴԵķһ£ԷΪࣺһͨСϷ̨
Ϸ̨ӣڽģǽʽϣ͸Ҵ󻧵Ĳ࣬ƽʱڡһʮճӦݳãɡǶܿ
һֱȽϷ̨Ҳֹ֪Ƚ¡أһڻڳ£Ϻͺǿݳ̨Ϸ
ȻʱܳζҲͨӡ
һ㶼ǻϡʺա뷪شػʱʹá
һ־ǵۺ󡢻ʹԼϳ谮İ硢רõСϷ̨
ΪʹõĿȺޣСϷ̨ʵҲĺ١䣬Ϸ̨ӵĵǱһЩƣ֮࣬˽ǹġ̫ƽ衢ˣ
һٽڵϷ̨ݣҪԵľϷ̨ˡ
ӣūǴӵţվһ¥ƽ΢΢ͷϿϷ̨㣬ôԶ׼ġϷаɵģ϶¡ֻưصϷ룬ЯĵͯҲԴ
ӾЧܶࡣ
⣬ΪִϷ̨ӷֳ㣬ÿ㶼ɶˣǿ˰ݶͬʱظأֳĳ档
˼䣬硱仯
ӣվϷ̨棬ǰϷ̨ӿ˺þá
١ľʳˡ

æٽڣطGҲûš¡ƶ֮£һæµ죬ȵʱӣĽɽȥŷԺ꿹ĻҲлˡ
֪ͨģӣҲһûǹʱ˵ĺ«ˣúҲ밲
ɷͶӶҪӣһ綼ŷ׼ʳˡ


717 Ӻ

֮ϣһӸոն˲˹Լפش󳼡ûһʡĵġ
طGڵƻ£ӣͿ϶ƣ̬
絹ǰͦصģһ˹ġ
Ĳ˵ǻʰǰˣУѧҲµġ
ȻŻʰܹϼ䡣
ѽ
һͲϺʣѡϾõȡζСϡ۽㹽ټͰ͹ը죬硣
⻹мͲġһ˰ֻʣ²һ㣬˸Բ׶ΣʮֻͿ쳴ϼһ첢ζŴˬڼˡ
ӣҲϲͲģÿεҶû˷ѣͳͳԸŷȥĲˡ
ּۡһӲ˸硣
طGһţһŵƻһĲģȻתͷ˴֮һȻӣɽҲάάˡ
⻰˵ûͷûԡ
ӣһϻڸӼвأͣסˣʲô
룬׹طG˼ǣֻŸٽϷ̨ӣĽɽҲõ˼ˡ
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һЦͷÿ׷ȴ˵
ӣطGϸڻڶ캮ֻ»Ҫһѩֻ䡣ҪݣȵܶһЩ£Ҳ̫
طGӻ֣Ϊصģ޿ǽͼ

Ӻٽڣ󳼵ȣѺϴء
ٽڼ䣬ȫ½ֹףٹٰƶȴǰղνΪʩڡ
֮Уŵƽʣ̣Բ԰֮о͸˵ˡԲ԰ɫȻȥΣġ
ⷬװ֮£˵ױ⶯ˡ
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ÿһᶼҪѡ
ӣΪʢĻʹʺⷬģȻľͱ˸Ŀꡣ
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һҲﲡģˣҲͦñֱͿӱƽˡ
һȣӣԼˡƤֱܣҲ΢΢š
˭ʱͷһӾ˯
ЩʱӣطGȤζʵȥϸϰʯСʯ֪֪֪иֹʦҪú
ӣ̧ͷͿطGźܹ˵һ˵ţһָ΢΢ԱߵСšϰżϷӣѹŵȴǼס
ǺܹܼʱӣѾŵ˵ˡ
ͷðźֻֽţһһͷ
ȵϷ̨ӳ꣬ˡ

ǿϷҲѾ˺һˣ࣬ɵȥ
ֹּǱ̫һ£һһ룬Ѿźõĵ϶
ɢں棬΢΢ۿζʮ㡣
۾⣬зԶԶȥۼһֹ֮УŮȻ²ƽ֮£ҲԳֳ˵ķ˳
΢΢üľתתͷȥѹûЩּǣֻ΢΢
һһ߾̧̧֣ԸԱߵʢ
ΪҪԸʲôأ˭֪һգ۵ĹͿʢüЦǰḶ́͹ȥʹˡ

ڵСϷ̨УͬҲ֡
˰֣ʱҲЩ÷ˡ
΢΢˸˸ǷҿһͿӬһ㣬ȵΧڸԱߡȻ͸翴̫ˡ
ǳĬԭأԱߵɩ̨϶
Ҷûע⵽Լ͵͵վ̽ԱһȻʹСϷ̨ĺȥˡ
źūæҪϣĺһȥ
һ˵ĶС˵Ķʹˡ
ʵҲû˵ģС̫վǶšרΪǷġ
簢С̫ǶȥΪСҪȥ·㣬æڵǰҪ·
ڰ֣Ƕ


718 Сּ

չǰһСǺߵķ羰ˡ
ͬϷ̨Ƕֱ硪Ķ࣬Ҳľöࡣ
䣬ž泩һЩ˳źǰߣӭļūżϵİ磬æÿ
һֶðˡ
߹ȥūУһʢµͽܣÿɫסΧ·ڡСֻ徲徲òµײһƬķ羰
ͷҲصľֱǰߣֱһСͤӣȥ
Բ԰Сͤ洦ɼ
粢ûд̫áǶϷ̨Ǳߣ̫òʡ
Ҳֻ㴵ߡ
Ǹողûãһĵ
ߣ˵ǿѹŵġ
Ҷ϶
˴˼䣬ҲˣȻӣǼղף͸һת֮⡣
ǿϧĶ϶ġ
ǴӣӻûȫϤ
΢΢е棬վͤһߣ˳ȥ
һƬľ֣ڻ֦ӳܿһ½ǡɫе죬ͺղŲĶƵġ
΢΢һ˲ˣǺּ
ղϷ̨ǶľǺĺࡣ
ʣȻϷ̨汸ּ֪λûӣ͵͵Ĳʱء
ûҷſࡣ
ţһͷͿĻľСϣһͷҴҵһλ곤Щĸˡ
װ磬ӦϸĽϰ
ϸϰž˵ģȵѰŵߵ˴֮˵ǰѵִҲûУʲôطȻﵽ˭ĵӣ
һ˵һߵֳۣȥͰѴӵǰһ
Ȼ뵽Լ֮ǰ鷿ʦͻѧʵʱ򡪡ܲǡôһ˲䣬ȻЩⴵ˵ġ
˱ˡǸСģſܱȺ绹ҪСһ꣬ɫ԰ס
ĵǰ˼һֻӣǸϰϥȻ͵ͷ˵ˡ
ϸּҲôСģࡣ
ϰ˵͸ˣüͷ֣ڳּ֮Уʲô
Сּ΢΢һеĵȴԽԽ
ϰҲ̹ʼյĵȻѾһӡ
˵̧ͷϰ֪ģӱӦ֮С
ϰ۹һ£ЦһǰһƴСּףնĴСּĻ㼼ղ̭ҲѰ
ո˵꣬һʵͷղҿδء
ϰСּһһ̧ͷͿһ»ͤ
ϰȻδʶù棬ĿɨϵĻƴӣֹ⺢ӵ֪ͣλ綼Ѿ׵ġ
ŵ͵һСּ͹ūǸİ밲
Ҳû˵ʲôߵСּǰŵղŴʲôӣ
СּЩֵ̧ͷź硣
ǰİ磬ºͣҲģ΢һЩСİĻϸϰÿ¶³ūλ֪ʲô֡
ϰϽ̧ͷֺõĻظ磺İĻӽС
ɨһ۵ô
ϰʱ¹ڵϣҲҶˡ
綢Сּ
ڵϣսľسϰһۣȻͷȥսеĵӡ
Ȼµȵİ֮ϸϰΪѡ
žͺܿ
뵽Žϰ˵ġ֣ڳּ֮С粻ɵǰСŮʲô֣
СŮͷȥİĻū˪Ϫ
΢΢ü֣˪Ϫ¸ߣϲӳҹϸ֮ĵô
˪Ϫ΢΢һ˿飬Ǻܿˣֻūŵı
˵ͷ
֣Щ˼ġ
ͷСŮҲ֪ϸ֮еֹּȻּЩﳼ֮ۻ
粻֪̾һּ̧Ա֦Ҷϻɫ¡
˳ժһɫ߹ȥͲ˪Ϫ޷ϡ
˪Ϫ˶ԭزҶˡ
ϰڵϣֱת

Ϸ̨ѵýӣ߿ϷȻͿߵС̫ĵ߹ˡ
С̫ൽŮߣ˵˼仰
ȻŮ͹תһ顣


719 ˪Ϫ

һһϽ¶Ȼ֮ɫЩĿࡣ
ȴЦЦʲôҲû˵ͷȥİ磬ҿǿǡ
ŮȥС̫˵˼䣬С̫ظңңĶ˸һת͸Ͻȥˡ
ͷԼأԳһǺЦ΢΢ҡͷ룬תͷһ۶
ֹ
¶ܵжĻȻֱӾͻŶ˵
ȻûԶ˵Ȼǲö֪
̧̧֣ʾԱϷӵ̫ཫĿʵ˹
ҵ̨ŵľĿϸĺġ

ȵϸֹּ볡յ̬Ȼĺһڲ裬Ŀ⵭Ĵӳɨȥ
һȺּȻиѵСּϲһɫĻ
͵ڴߣʱ̧ͷſСŮɫ԰ףΪСˡ
ȷʵǸС
͵ģ¶ɡ롣
ȵϸһӺ꣬Цؾʹչȥڶߣس˳ӣϸ൱治ŮʻʰּˣֲҶԻʰ˵
⻰ȻǺˡطG谮СŮȻҲѾΪĸ
ڸĸԶǺӡ
谮СŮҲԶ谮С
ӣЦſʲôˣ
ָָ棬һȺӵּŮŶ
ӣ룬һȺ˿ɲСϲһȥҲͰˣ¶
ȻһЦһҲãл
ûд˷Լ
ΪܳĹ񾩽кüׯӡ
Сּŵׯȥ˹ռ䣬չţЩּ˵ѾĶˡ

˰Ϸһֱ˯µʱӣԴĴڻ졣
һֱжױϴ˯ʱ򣬻ĺŰɡ
طGҹϻһľ˽ɽӣ
ùҹûãطGͿʼ̸ӵˡ
磬Բ԰Ҳ١СҲ࣬ž֡
һֱ˵ź顣
͹Ҳˣ޿ʼָˡ
ӣһСҲҪ뿪Լߣ˵һ㲻ãǲܵġ
û˵طGȻһҡҡͷ˼ûޱ˸Ҳá
ӣһ͸ˣ绹С檻߼꣬ҲѾ˸ˣϲһ
طGҡͷ㲻ҪΪС֮͵ģҲѾ׵ˣϣ԰ģֲûƼ
ӣһʱĬȻ
طG˵ûȷƼˡ
ЩСޡһСѧոеͣȴʮϳɵĹ밲
ӣ
طGŴ֮¹⣬ֻأԳ񣬹һֵСӡĻһϣԲٺúõȵȣѡ㣬޸õġ
Ӻˡ
Կʼѡˡ
ӣѾ˯ˣѡ㡱֣ʱ۾͵ɴˡ
طGȻתͷЦĺ󱳣㣡ѡ㣬Ϊ˸ӡ
˵˶٣ɫȻֳźˡ
¹֮£ӣ΢΢̧ͷͽϵ鿴һ
ףеϧϧûѺ͡ĵոٹһЩ
ǣ̫Ҳ̫صĲ֮
Ʃ統İ˸ϣǸӡ
ϡ
ӣȻʼ롪᲻ϱе飬ʵطGҲ֪ġ
֮£ʲô¶ӵĶĿ
ӣû˵һȴסˡ
طGӣ˼Ϊšѡ㡱Ļ˶ˡ
ֽԼУͷͷǣһָͷһҡͷЦŵޣ
˵ֽ꣬ӳ
ӣĻ΢΢̧ͷˮĽ£ﴲ硣
¹Ҳ͸ˣһƬڡ

ӺĳϦܿǰˡ
С͸ǡǴӿͿʼģӺ䣬
˾һʽʱὫױдġʹ͸ʾӡ͸֮⡣
һ죬ʢŹȽ㡢ʡīȫúãȻ굽ڼԡ͸ʡдġʮרΪ硢ȥ
ӣĽɽȻҲ͵ˡ֡
ɽ֮ڣѾ˵Ʋ˵ɫ˽ԲƣҫŶĸ֣Ե÷ϲ졣


720 

ӣ˼΢΢ͷʼɽĲá
⼸죬ʢǱҲѻۿĿͼ͹ˡǶԽɽݷ¡ά
ūһһҵվ̨ϣž޴Ŀͼʹա
ͼвʣ˳ָӣ滮ŰǰĻ԰һ
ӣһ߿ͼֽϵĹһ̧ۿǰĽɽ
Ȼ뵽˵껹Ӻʱ򡪡طGҲ
ÿһӣǼƻŰһ£·ԺסƵġ
һתۣǶһһĸԳɼˡ
ˮһһ¶·գӣſͼ΢Цһ¡
뵽ǰطG˵Ҫõĵոúóɼңӣ˻֣ʾūǰѿͼˡ
ǻʹӺѡ㡪ʸԱһŵġ

ǱߣʹͽϯŸոճȥ
ϯҪ峼Ӻͺ峼ӵʳֿνϯ͡ϯ峼Ӱʳϯϵĵľ¶˪ּڣ׻ӡ»᯹ӵȵȡ
ȻĿڴ˵ԵĲɡ
Ĳ˵ǿͷϴ;ơлϴͲˡٿͷлѾ㹻ˡ
һǾ͵ߵͷһΣȵ̲衢ʳǻȫվֿվȴ
һٷеʹĳӶŲסˣȽֱš

ȵϣǼˡ
ӣѾջʹķƴˣūǵĴӵ¹ȥ˾̵
Ȼ˵Ǽ磬ҲҪֺüʵŮ졢ӵȣҪֱᡣ
仰˵һϾ͸ϳƵġ
ӣμӵĺ綼񸮳а졣ڻʺ׵λá
չأʺͷΪʮƷʺһ˶ʹܶÿӦˡ
ΪĻʹ֮£λݣҲֻд
λ겻ܳӣ˷ҲǿǱۡ˵ϡ
ӣҲͶһŶ
ŷĲʽ̰ڵĶƯΪֺӭϻϵӣķ򿴹ȥܿʵ۵Ľϲ;߶ǽ̡룬ڰ·ʳм֣ΧŽסС𲼵һۿȥһƬĿ
ȵ꿪֮лȻڿԿˡ
Уǲȱϯʳ幬ĹǣϦֻܳڽӡ
ӣڽӵϲúܣͷÿӼͽС
ڽӵҪԸɲΪٲˡˡľĢ˿ȣȻû⣬ĺܡ
ûԼڣʺʹźǿʼϾˡ
ȵǾ꣬͹λɹҲһǰʰꡢʶﾴơ
ƣϯ϶ʱ
˴˶ԿһۣҲ˾յȵ˻ʰꡢʶ֮תӣǰˡ
žƱ۶Цӣ
˵ǾơʵװĲǾƣǲ衪ʵ÷Ӣڣѩ衣
ӣûƱأطGǱĿѾ˹
Ȱ֮ؿ漴΢΢˻֣ý̽Ϧʹ֮Ƕˡ
ϯϵʹһ㶼̫صƷ޷Ǻɰᡢȵȡ

ƹѲʺȴЩˣλϣƵƵַŶͷ
Ա̺Ůע⵽ˣæŻʺʿҪһҴϢ
ʺ⼸嶼ãҲ֪ģһʱ䵽⣬ӣλϽϷԸ˼Ůҩ
˶һ£Ͽȥ
Ͽɫ糣·õĲǵҩֻһˮƵġ
ʺƺرϣ۽üҶˣԳص˥ϺۼǾȴرãܳƵЩܡ
ʱŮȻѾҩؽеһֻСӣװźĵҩӣӱȥͿһƵġ
Ҳ֪֮ϣȻǿǻʹĽǶȴܿ
ں
ӣЩĿɿڴܸòϦ֮ϣѵҩ˰ɣ
·Ϊ֤뷨ƵģòˮƵĽҩȥˡ
ۿطGĿɨһۣۿŻʺ˵ҩҲֻ΢΢һü漴ֽĿת˴ϵˡ
ӣ
ȻѾ֪˻ʺڳԵҩ
пܡʺԵĵҩṩġ
ȻϿǺöٵҩǹˣܳԵЩ
ǵ߼ƷԵġ
һĻʺ쳣ľ񿺷ܾͶ˵ͨ


721 Ѫ

뵽һ㣬ӣԼλϣ̧ϡ
֪Ϊʲô·һֲԤƵģ
Ϊʳҩеĵʵ١
ھͺܳԳϵĵҩڳӵȰ裬̬ʼǡ޷ô𵤺֪Ƿʱʮ궼û
ʲôˡ
еľǰλڣΪ衰ĵҩֻþʳ󿪣ȴǱ
ջ˼ӣ֮»ѹֻؽСС
·Ǻ᲻ýūƵģһĦһߵͷֻСӣѪ
Ǹöʹ
ۿſӵ֣Ʋסڲ·еҶӣ뵽ղŷҩȡһϵжˮһǳɡ
ܲµϳԵҩʱ䲻̣ƵҲ͡
һֱվڻʺ̵ģͿʺǰĲյˮУžડһһʺѪ顣
ѪѸٵڲˮӿ˲Ⱦһյˮ
һΡΡĵΡ
ѪһѪӡ
ܽԭأȵӦԺҲѾˡʺıѪµٶʮˣ˲ȾĿڴ°ͣ˳°µεδ
ȴһӦġĨһ촽ͷۣſ裻ȾľһƬʺѪɫ
طGҲüͷ߿ˣҲվ̫ҽ
ϡֻ˵֣˵ˡѪͷƺȻӿ΢΢ͷζѪıᴦһֱȥ

˶ŻʺһһȥȻһʧȥľͷϾֱ
ܼ־ȥסʺӣȴץ˸ա
ʺ
ӣ
ʶ
ҳһš

һҴУӰ㿣ƻͨ
̫ҽǺòײŸʺֹסѪ
ȵϸϸʹڻʺźŮʺ֮󣬼̫ҽһ룬һ߱˴˶š
Ŀ⽻ӴһоڲС
ʺ壬ʱʵҲֻ̫Ƕ⼸Ŀ֮󣬸Ӳ˼ʳѪ̵ʪ
⼸Ϊԡ
ǻʺʵ̫̰ˡ̫״ָʺ£Ȼ̫ҽѵҩ˷ԡ
һѾ챻ĿյƤңܵļģ
Ƕ棬Ҳˡʶǻʰ꿪˿ǻȥ˭š
İڴ֮У̫ҽǹʺĲ飬ӣԱžˣ̫ҽ˵ĺתȻڸǲʵʺ⸱ģֻ½Ĵ춼δܰȥˡ
㰾ȥҲֻǹӲд
û귢ҲһȥվһҴĴԣһ̽ŻϺͻʹ
طGˣվӣ֣ɫƽ࣬͸һ˿ʹһٽȥƻʺ󡣡
ůŮѾźʺϴɾ棬ֻѡɫ԰һЩˬúܣȫһողųѪôĲˡ
ȻͷĴŮϾ³ͻȻŷŻʺڳϦϵģһ˫΢΢ͣ
ϵָϽס֡
ҩʺιҩι˼ڣʺҡҡͷ˰֣ʾҩ͵һߡ
Ŀʾ֮ŵҩġ
һţһ߻ʺָ̧̧֣ʾ⻪ܰԼҩȡ
Ĺƽţ£ֳռį˶пҽİáټⵤҩýֻÿÿȥĿܾϼʱ
ʺδ̫ܽҽ֮ȫȥ
źôģ׻ʺʲô
ڵϣͷʺɲˣūⶫ治ˣ
ӣطG߽ʱ򣬿ľôһ档
ܴūǣڵϿȰȴѾ˱ӣӴҲ֪
ȵһתͷˣϲͣ
һϣžϥйͷϣϣ
طGһӣӣ΢΢תͷͷԸȥЩҩˡ
Щҩٳˡ
ۼŵҩѾŮ͵ӣУϺȻ͵ײײվ߽ӣУ·ӣʲôϡ䱦һ㣬
˻ɤӣʹ
ʺ˵ʱ鶼ЩħطGüͷ壬һֱ۾ͽӣԼѹɤźȵʺ󣡡
ů֮Уһ˲̧ͷãȻطG
ڴϣֻץŴʣĿӣɨ˰죬ȻشԴ
ʢˣŵѵҩȫˡ


722 ʹ֮

ʢ˳ȥ֮ů֮аĿ£ֻʺ
ϻǵʹԴ·Χһ˺¶ûзӦˡ
ܹȥһᣬһ߷ϣʺЪš
滹̫ҽǱ˴ڿҩ
ۿŻʺɵȥӣϽǰһסʺļѣûʺԣΣգ
˯֮УٳѪǺܡѪĻ˯пϢ
ܵͷһۻʺ󣬾Ϳʺ̧һۻʹص˵ͷ
ůſڵģʱ˺üۣڹҲ˽
ʶڲϵӣһ̧֣Ӳ۽ǣһ߾ͼǰȥʶ
ҪӹԱ߻ʺʣİҩ
ů֮УӵεδţַʱţطGϳĬһ˲վ˹ȥ
ַڴҼ磬ȳȥ
ȻЩԸģǻʰȻѾҲǿ档
طGԴŮнӹӣڴرϣðȰ˵Ŀصʺҩúúˡ
ӣվԱߣž͸ʺԲƽʱʺ밲ʱǸһξ룬Ҳûʲô
ʱ˻ʺĺ󱳣ӣŷֻʺѾݵùͷᾡĸܵͷ
ҺǶഩһЩѣסݡ
վԱߣۿŻʺѾֶ̧ˣ˰пڻʹ
ʹһ߷֧šһߵͷժԼǰӣʺοزޱߵĺ
شۡ
ǰһģʱҲĬĬ
طGüҨһҩ֭־͵˻ʺǰʺ󡣡
ûҩطG
ѾܲˣҲֻ˺¡
طGΪǹǵҩҡҡͷͿ
ϺۣȻȦͺˣܿóסԼȻͬеҶϣ⻹һι檺ҩأ
˶٣¶һЦݣϧֻ³ͽҲȲˡ
طGһ£Ŀ⻹ϵģȴؽеӷˡ
ۿŻʺΣӣתͷŻܿһۣʾԼŻʺ󱳡
ȻطGûע⣬һ˳ȥˡ

ů棬ӣˣΪܽ̽ˣһԾԾԵģ
ůȥ
ӣסʰѾ֪Тģʶﾲһɡ
һΡ
˵ˣӣתͷǰ˼һֱ˴УͿǺͰ硢
ӣ˶٣ɫƽؾ͵ʺҪκ˲ôţҶȻȥա
ŻʹǣвһתͷȥһƵƵͷ
ҲҵŻʹۣȴĽʺ￴ӡֻǲˡ
Ҳ֮УܿҪˡ
ƺҲ˵ϾԴӻʺﲡһֱǻʹġ
ѾʵϵĻʺˡ
ۿɢȥʹźվڲԶӣ߹ȥں͵ļϣͣźҲһԲ԰ظȥɡ
͵˵ͷŶ˵ʲôվںߣһְ̧ס˸ĸ첲
ɫӵضӣʵꡭǹ˰ɣ
һ˵һ߻̧֣ԴϱȻ˸Тģ
ӣĿ͵һ־Ͱָסˣ۵
羲վԶ
ȵλѾɼҵĸԺ󣬶Ҳˡ
ӣ˼䣬Ҳȥǰ棬Ŷȥϡ
񱻶ǣ֣һһͷŶ
ĵģӲһҴĴſڵ˺һ¶֮ɫȥ
ȵ㶼ˣɵĹҲˣŲ֪˳
δɡ§ס˶ļ򣬻ͷźԶķҡͷпһ䣺绹Ǹ˵

ůŮǶȥˣֻ̺ʺĻܡ
һһιţҲۿŻʺÿһףϵЦݾͼһ֡
ôˣʺĶЦݡǺټ
ʺҲƼˡʹΪǫᣬʱȻص壬ƽʵ˵֮רĹ£ȫ޺˷֮ǣȫлʹ֮
طGͷҨһҩ֭͵Ͽڱߣƽص


723 ޲ɼ

ֻµ˵ţһһ³̬ݣͥŲ
ȴһ˲ֻ䵽˼㣬Ҳʹ˼㡪ʹ̫ֻоһƬľ·¶ļû֪
ȵһһعζ֮󣬲Ÿоһľʹ
ˣֻžͻȻ뵽˺ܶܶǰոռ޸İʱ
ոȻýȢϲȼ
Զǵһҹ
ϲžըҲ·ŮĻһ㣬дŶδҸ㽣Լ޵Ρ
ȻҲǵǰһİ硣
꣬ü۵ףӢ
ֻʱ޲ʧ
˼صǰֻĿʹļ޷ǰ˿ڿĿŻʹϣʲô˼
ѾȲҪΪİŮóλ
ϻûأ

ڴ֮˺һۼطGӣվʺôˣͿطG˰֡
߹ס֣ԼȻû˵ģȰʢ˹Ը߼׼
ѾˣȥЪšطGסߡ
ܴҴææشůıǻŻʹߵӰ

ϻ˽ɽӣˡ˵Ѿˡ
ӹǻᣬһһֱŸ߸ߵĻףȽҲܲˡ
ŷͽˮҩģϷҷĸɻ
ȵϴԡ֮ӣһ˲ͷһöźüŮůźŸĦСȡ
һʿѸ֦¶Ҳˡ
öȥůſڴӣ˽
ӣһߺȣһԴڴϡ
һöһ̧ͷŷӾȻôŴͷ˯ϽŵػʾŮһ¡
ӣˣԴһͷͻ˯˹ȥ

һ˯úܳһҲûȵʱѾˡ
۾ոӣͱĹߴ̵˫һʹ
ҹһѩԺѩصķ⡣
ŵöϽźӴЬӻ·
ѶůԱߺģůָϱˣһټϺĴ멣㲻ӣҲůġ
ӣǡöھͽȷŷţһϴ͡
ӣ˰֣ھͽץ㡣
һǵȥһһҴʺ
ʺ״Ϊǹʺ⣬ߵĻʹӦȥ̽
һзСһСձһɳ֡һģĻࡣ
ӣ֮ʹҲѾˡ
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˵ǻʺ￪ʼƽƽģ֪ôںͿҪԵҩˡ
˻ʹȥ͵뿴һһæŹ굢ӣϢֻ˵ĸ֡
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ȻҲûйȥġ
ӣˣ۵˵ͷʾСˡ
λƵ֮ϣǰ
ʺ޲ɼ
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ոյһҴſڣԶԶľͿѾǶˡ
䣬ȻǴŮҲù˲̬ˡһߴ֣һ߶ţ͵߹ػѩתš
һתͷʹǼݣ۾һԶľ͹ǰ棬صʺūӭʹ
·ǻʺѾԤϵһƵġ
ǰ棬ֱӾͽӣһ·ů
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ӣѩϵĴ멻ź¶Բ˲ϻʺůﱾѾůյ紺һ㣬˴멣öԶЩ
ĬĬעĶʼû׹⶯⡣
ȵӦϺȻͿЦһ¡
ʹʱáԱҲһЩתͷӣЦ


724 Ϊ

ӣû˵Ĭһ˲ſοʺʺſģǵҩȷʵǲٷˣֻҪͣ£ٺúõţ죬ܺ
˵ЩɵԼҲЩ顪̫ҽ˵ǻʺ졣
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ӣһүһꡱطGĳƺǻҡ
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󹬵Ĺͷǹ⻷ҲԲeasyģʽ
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ӣϽǰȥ΢΢źģ˳ǰؿڡ
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ӣְסյˮ͵Ĵߡ
ۿϺ˼ڣԽĻʺڲţշʲô¶һ˵ɡ
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725 ó

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£ӣûа취ӻˡ
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רż¼ҹϵ֡ԱԼϵף˳ʮѾ涨ˣ֮Уÿʮһ뺡
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һڵķѾںһ㡣
յر࣬һ붼ǰһӣµĲʽ
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ģײ࣬˿ֿڸãĴƤ˶ѾϸȥˣƫƫŻ״ڼ
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726 ޵

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727 ʺ

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728 װ

˵꣬Ϳһ̧֣ء
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729 Ȣ

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΢΢ͷ˵ʱůȵϢĶֲ࣬࣬ƫƫСһ޼ɵѾ죬ӣٵһȣȹ˽꣬޵Ļʺ󣡡

ڶϣطG֮ӣͷöֵöˡ
źЬȻĽҽŸˣͲ˵ʱһ·ŲƮƮģƼƵġ
ӣţöԱߴԴ̵͵Ц
ӵӰڵεδš
ӣ뵽طG˵ġȹ˽ꡱȻеѹ
Խʱգȴ֪ǰطG׻жʱ䡣
ʱˮҴѾӺꡣ
εҲӺˡ
һжʷһĻôʮ⾰ʣˡ
ͷһ࣬ӣŬһԼ̬ԼҪôۡϾʱջкܶʷϲһĵط
ѹûгť»ϵĶ
ٱǵҲѹûг֡
ңԴŬȰ˵طGҪҷҩ֮طGۼ˻ʺҷҩ³֮жѡ
Բ԰֮УѾʲôҩʿˡ
ǰϽЩҩĲϣҲѾͱ֮߸ˡ
˵ĺ«ҲֻʮĹ⾰

̧֮ϵĸȫŷ
ΪǰϾǺԭ򣬼ʹѾ̧죬طGȻҲγ谮
жչˣȫǰӸλӵɵĸ֮ɵӣں󹬣Щ
кطG˺üΡ˵ǵȵΪ͢ЧˣٷҲ١
δҪھͰѵӶô
νǸ߱صأοٶȶЩ¥ˡ
һͷôأ
طGֻǺЦС΢Ǻ£Ҳعͷˣ޾ҪΪʺء
ӣûʲôͿһǶԽԽֱ֣дĸ֡Ȳ
ӣ֣գգ۾
оǵ֪Ļӹײİ嶼ѹסˣ

תۼ䣬Բ԰𣬺Ժ־Ⱦ
ʱʱҲ԰ȥΪĻӸۡĶ
⽨ۡǰĹûϴġǰڶչȴԽԽ죬ټСʱʱ๤񸮾͸ҷˡ
ȵʱ򣬸ۡģҲˣĳҲѾΧˣΧҲˡ
˵Ҳƿˡ
˻Ӹģ
Ǹˣÿӣ밲ﻰǲᵽ¸á
ӣһ߸вˣһߵȱ˵̫磬ǹɥһ֮ǲŮѡˣʰ껹Ҫúոأ
ͷһڷˣ⻰Ȼ΢΢һü̧ͷʶûгףһܿ𣿡
ӣһȻ
Ļһڷʹܰʹǲеġ
ȱһɡ
Ҳ˵Ѿ˱׼ߣֻҪûгףܰȥ
ейֵαطҪŮѡ統ʱҲǻʰֱ𣿡
ӣ˵棬˷룬ЦеصôżѽǼȢ
Ͼ꣬ôһ˵ʱˣոպȽڵһҲǺǣӡȣȣ
Եˡ
ӣϽȥź󱳣ָǰأò׵ŵǿЦ㿴żģ
ȵﷺỨ鿴Ҳ̫
Ҳ̫ˣ
Ͼϻ鷿ĹΣڽɽţûҶൢֱӾʹūŻȥˡ
һ·ϣ̲סЩʧ䡣
ǼȢ
ĺӵԼһˡ
ԱߵС̫Թɫź簢飬ͽ˸߰˰ˡ

û죬طGɽʱŵʱӣ˳ͽ¶һ¡
û˵أطGЦˡ


730 Ȼ

Сôʵģӣ
ӣͷ
طGȻЦţȴ˼ط˿ӣƺ˼ʲô
˵ˡ
ӣϵ飬ͲɵֹѲĺ«СǰȰȥ

һתۣѩƮ
ۿſ쵽˹꣬Բ԰еǰͽ˺һ
ӣǵȥʱطGʱҡ
Ǻ˻ʺ£ԲŸոһʽҪһдӼˡ
һǶһЩҲûʲô
ϾӣϣһдӼ򣬶˵ʡ˲鷳οѾ˻ϵ⡪¶Ϊ꿪ʺĴ׼ˡ
꽫ۼҲǴԲ԰صϽǡ
ӣ֮иոհּ⣬һη̧֮ǰļλ̫
¶˵Ҳ⡪˵̫̫ǵ֮£Ӧµ۵ǻ֮ھɵġ
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Ϊ¶ô˽ˣΪ꿪ҪʺطGʱ¶Ҳһ˳
̫̫ʱݺе˼
˳Ρʱ̫̫ɵָߵ֮ͣǰǵλָߵȵʱĹλȻߡ
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طGѹͶ֮Աǡ
ȳ̫̫ǣֻѭԼԭ
ǾǣǷĻȨͳΣԼǷ֮ˡ
׷⣬Ҫһ̧ɻʿʹ˫ʮĸȻͬ
ڿĻˣһֱڣҲûлκ⡣
ӣΪʹۿطGһ·߹ļѣȻ֪еԭ򡪡˰˰糤ǾŰĸʮĸ
طGǺ޻أҪܷǾͼˣ
棬ġӺ꣬ӳȥ
ǰ³ɢϵĻֻܻٻصϽ֮С
Ҳܵ谮ӣƣֻܼβˡ
ūóݸ߲ȵͣ񸮶ԻǻʹԸһΣֻķ̿
ӣҲһζҪˡֻطGȻѡ⼸λϸ˽ӽϽţǷβܡ
Ǿ˵ԿηطGٻЩ˼ɵġ

ȻӴ֮Уˡ
Ȼڴ£Ժѩ
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Σ˼ȲóƺΪҲܳƺΪ̫
ˣҪˣҲֻ⼸ʼŵūˡ
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⵹Ǹױεĳƺ
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ʱĹУ˶ĺøȻôҲû뵽Ϊ׷ˣȻ䵽ľأ׶ӱڸǽѾʮشΨһ̵طTҲסˡ
˾͸ϲ䣬ǰĹȥԽгǰĲ
Ȼ軨Уؾһ
شض
ǱʱʱʱҲ˿Һ͸
ȻЩ˼ڹɥڼ䣬㿿ˣôĶأ
һԼϣۻˡ
ūųȥվԺһ£ȷ󣬲֪ǺǱ
񸮵ҲˣѵüЦüЦ۵ĺɫȻȻѹһЩϸ˹һšһ߾ͻصǿ˵ⶼǻʹĶּ
Ȼţֻ΢΢һ˿ֵЦ⡣
񸮵˿Ѿ䵽㾳أżӣɵɫо¶˱ġ
ȵ񸮵ˣＸūŶչȥʹˡ˹ʮ꣬ǰҲûöֻϾˣϻּǺ
ҲͰλʹܼͣһЩĶ͡
Ȼһǣ£ģȥ˰ɡ
СԱۡ˵λʹǧ谮һ̧죬ʺ֮ƥС
λҲǸһϵķ¡
Ϊʹרһ㱣ϡ
ʱ˺ȫյһ𣬵Ǽһܼĺ֮ˣ
˵ոǱۡʱҲֻǸСأ졣
Ȼ˼ض˶Ȼ׹Ϊ˹ꡣ
Ǻܿ죬ҪȲؾеǣ»ʺλˡ
֮ٲΡ


731 ĸ

һ꣬񸮵˹ߣʹظ
Ϊ˸ʹڣ񸮵˹棬޵ؾͰѼλϡӡıָһͨ
ƩȻ˵ǻʹ˼Ͷǰλȳʳĸļء
ӣҲֻһЦڰ֣񸮵ȥˡ
ЩǰľҲǰڰڼӣɫ뵽ӵĶ֮ййеķ벻ʡ
ôأ
ѲΪµ۵ĻʹȥЩȵ۵ǽ
˵ˣȥչЩ̫ΪҲֻǰطGƽ֮ǰˡϾ֮ǰԴķʽѾˡ
ٴʲôĸˮɾԽԽˡ
οô˵Щϸǰ׷ˡ
Ҳʵ
˴񸣱

һתѾ¶ʮġ
һνɨաڹȴǰƵ
һ磬̫ǱӣǬ幬ҸһٵơҸһơ
ľָٱ˷
ЩҪһֱֱϦһ죬͵ǰԱ۽ȡ£ɫ˽Բƣȼʯϰơ
ﻹһأ¶ʮһֻҪڹߣÿһűطűһ
ǳа˼ȡǺܺõļͷ
һµˡӣڵ֮ʵ۾סǬ幬ĵľ붼ǳ
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Ͼ꣬ϽԲ԰಻ͬġ簴ڵĹأ¶ʮվ͵Եֵ̫֮ǰΪ˱ʾأҪǰի䣬ɹС
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طGһһ̨ףһ־סӣԼ֮УЦ
ôˡʲôʱֻҪٶµƣɢһ롣
ЩûʸʹǣƾԼ󣬶λʹɫǣǧ˶õʢ˫
˺ֱԽԽˣ·ʹͲǷˣϵŮƵģʲôɷѻϵĻ궼סˡ
طG뵽Щ̲ס΢΢ҡͷЦЦ
ʵܼ򵥣Ҳˡ
ӣĹУʹʸȥӣһᵽǰδеİůͶá
òٹ¶

ӣ̨
ƻһȶ
ŷʱæʱ򡪡һһı˳ڡϲš
ƻͨӰ
֮ǰСʱ鷿᳣ŰһţȢ޿˸뿪ߡ
ҲһһĿסˡ
ԶһЦӣȻ뵽˺֮ܶǰͶûеʱ
ʱٵİҲôԶš
ۿһˡߣֻʣꡢˡ
γҲѭ
ӣȻͺܸп̧Ŷĺ«
طGţЩȴߡ
̧ͷӣ΢΢һЦ
ӣã˾ֱЩϷޣҹĸдˡ

ӺһѾʺҪõķһֹ
ʵҲ˺üΡ
¶Ҫ˵Ҳֻ˵ǰλʺʵûҲûԵ֣ûֶΡռȻ֮ʱĽᷢӡ
˵ٳҲྴ
ƫƫλûһ㲨ⲻȻʺ˸ոһ꣬ʹйҪʹˡ
ʵʹ顪һй
Ȼʺŵʱ򣬻ʹˡ
ƫƫʱôһʺ
ƫ衣
¶Ҫǰ˵ʵҲ෴Ĳա꿵үڵʱТʻʺ֮󣬿ү꣬Ž̺й֮λ

ӣ֮УȻﶼů裬ǱϾطů׾źëƤ磬ﻹӡ
ԽԽˡ
йʺķƣԶԶȥȫǱɫһƬŲϼ
ʺڷɳڡۡӡȹɡ
ڣĶҲнģҪʱڵı仯任
޹ޣ׺кɫñγ㣬
֮ᶫһֻɢĹâñγнͱ飬ںνһֻβ飬ٶʮţÿʯȱʯ
Ƕһšֱ͸żεĴ֣ĸ¡


732 ޵Ļʺ

һŮٶЩˡ
ӣߵ˻ʺڷǰطŸܵñγʱͬëһᣬĶ΢΢ţ·Ҳһ㡣
öźѻˡ
ڼ֮ǰҪ׼ʺһԳߴϲ
вʵĵط񸮻Ҫͻȥר˸ĶһһߣǾģǲǰ㹻Ԥʱ䣬Ǹġ
ȵʺ۷ӣžһգ첻ʶԼˡʵʹϯķѾݻôҲѾϰˡ
˻ʺ۷Ÿоһ˿ϸ΢ĲȴǲԽǵ
ž￴öԱߵŮһҪʺĳڸϣӣҡֹסˡ
⳯ڲѡ
طGصȥǰģҲ֪ʺڷѾ͵
ʵ͹ȥ֮ǰҲѾԵĿһ飬ﶼġ
ӣ֮طGůѾԼ֮ǰΪǷˡ
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ӣ֮ضԴԼĻطGЦˡ
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˵ҭһ¡
طGûԴ
ӣеĲյû˵΢΢ҡҡͷ
طGЦһ£ÿɷصҲ̫Сˡ
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˵ԼʲôоֻЩЩ·̫ˣ²ȵĲ̤ʵ

طGӣ飬ˡ
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˱ڴϣطGôӣֱ˴ϡ
һ£˶Цˡ
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§סĲӣļϣ͸оطGıĸŵ֪ʲôǺ£Ҳ̫Сˡ޵˼˭๣
˶٣оƺҪ̧ͷֽԴ°ԼοСҲˣټϺ͡˵ɸ÷ıաҲ÷⣡ȻΪǵĸһйԼӶá
ӣ仰žóװˡ
ůﾲĻѩƻƣڴϹճమ˵Ӱ
طGûֻǽļͷ𿴺С⺢ȴǺͺһ
ӣֻ̧ͷ⻰ʲô˼
طGЦЦû˵Ȼվ
ӣעıӰһֱߵůſڣԸůūšʺĳ
ھ
Ҫۿӣԡ
ںܿˡļзöƽеһСķϣͿ߹΢΢ڣȻֽ
Цӣӣ㻹
ӣվߵߣոյͷ͸оطGֺͷȻ΢΢һ飬ұߵλȡ˼
ż׷˿ӣ
ԭأ̧ͷطG꣬ڵʱ򣬿Ҫͷġ
лʺͷɢڣ
طG΢΢һЦַ̧ȥӣǱߵļƷ˿ŵ֪ҲǴڵķʽ⳯ںǳأֱӸϣλͷƤ
һ˵һ߾͸庢һذѳڸӣˡ
ӣϵ΢΢˵ͷ֪ôģڸܵѹԼԴϵͬʱȻ뵽˰˸֡ڣسء
ĿһһƣɨطGǰƣɨݿļϡ
Ȼڸźڣǳȴһֱû뿪
ֻӯӯЦǳǳĻȣü΢΢΢ɨš
ӣȻѾһˣȻȵ£е㲻ˡ
ֱˣ
طG΢΢ͷģһ˫ӢЦŨ
˫ۣ˼пһ䣺޵Ļʺ󣡡
öԱߣԵŮˣȤؾͶӣʺ


733 氲

ůôһƺūҲź
ӣˡϾⲻ仹û
ŮطGȴֽĿס֣Ϊ۶ĥ˱һӵָỮһ˿Ĳ࣬󴩹ָ죬ʮָû
ӣһǳͶˡ
طGϷϷúܿģϲԾľʹһɵЦݣֱӣȻǻʺҲͲټסȥˣѾ氲ʰոæ̫̫ǵ¶⼸ǵ˿գ͸Ͻȥա
氲ңӣ
Ͻ֮ڣռعǧ
̸סۺɣ
˵ʵסǬ幬ʺס̫󣬱סĵ֮Ĵסҵġ
ʵϣסĻʺ󲢲ֻ࣬峯꼸λʺס˳ε۷ϺТ»ʺ󣬿ТʻʺТʻʺ
ӺǻԺ󣬾͸һˡ
ĵѾΪ޹Լ֮ĵů󣬺滹ӡ
氲ҡ޾ի÷롢ܼҡիݣʺס氲ң붫ʵ۵޹ԡ
仰˵氲ҿ϶ռعǵλȴͬնϾѾᵽ˻ϵĵͻһסˡ
ǻʺλ󣬻Ǻͻ϶ĳ̶ȣɡ
ӣе㷢طGֽԼ֮УͷķޱߣſЦصӣĪӵطС⣿
ӣϽҡͷ
طGıǼ⣬Цص޵Ǿúܺá練ҲһſȵСҲȥˣһס氲ңʱ³һ֣Իѣֱȥŷʲôʲôɺã
ӣ
źҲ˵ġ
Ͼո崩ʱóչү

ҹˣطGڶů鷿ӣӣ³һӸ͹
ûзǣӵĿ㣬ﻹгʱռĺҶĥɵĺҶۣŴ׷һ𣬸ֳĲɫ
µúܡ
طGҲѾᱳʹӸ¶ȷһʱڡ
ҨһףӣѾƵȥˣĸż΢΢ת͵ߣ֮Ϊϲӣ˱ȥ˯ôࡣ
һЦӣ΢΢ͷýǶЩƫˣûõӣطGվˣֽ˹ְԼϣԴŵޱ˵ˣʺպס氲ңҹҹޣ߶ˡ
վԭأ߶߶ǻһ½ǡ
ӣͷͿϵ֣ǰһŽҪ̰ѧӵҵڴˡ
һֻ¶һݣ˵Ƕ»ʺǧڵ¡
̺֮ÿʺǧڣٹ۲ʺ
Ϊ
ӣգգۣûס΢Ц
طGƮȴ͸һׯطǣƫƫӣֻƪ͸һɶ֮⡣
־䶼дἫˡ

ڶգʢ񸮵ˣר׼ʺȥĵ氲ҿطˡ
ϾһҲҪ׼ˡ
ӣĵܶΣһϤΪǰǰ䣬Ъɽǰӱ䣬豦طGױдġʺ͡ҡ
ůůԣм޾իΪ鷿йżֻʫдֵĵضרհݵķá
⻹һרΪۺСŷĴŷһֻһЩʱСʹʵãŪԺ̡
ǵۺ޹ˡ
ӣ氲ãͿʵѾʰĺЩģˣ͸Żʺ޾ֵݻװεķϲġ
Ҳ֪ȻطGǰ񸮽ˡ
ʢǰ棬׼ʺ氲Ĵ߿
ӣϲ氲á֡ȴ沨
ֻУľκˣﵽյƽƽ
氲ôµӣ΢΢ͷ͸ӣĲϡ

ºʱڣ˼ơ
Ϊ˽ķ䣬겢ûһոտȲİᵽԲ԰
ȵ¡
ϾʺʽһҪϽоеġ
Ϊʺǻʹ̧ɣ;סڹУԵһ죬ʺĲᱦ̫͵ڣɴѧʿɵųʹʹӡ
ٷᱦڲͤڣţڽڼࡣ
ڼִڣУ̧ͤʹ


734 ۺ

ʺ֮ơ񡱣طGּ֪ͨ׼ġ
ǰһ죬طGҪɹԱ졢غ̫Եȵ
ϣʺǼݵ¼⣬ֲ̫͵⣬Ȼ񲿼¹Աᱦڹԡʺλ㰸ǰ
¡طǳ
Ƕʹأ˳ˡ
󡪡ӣһҹ컹ûѾŮźױˡ
Ͼʱ䳤;Ҳû취ϲ඼ûȣֻ˼ӡ
ȵ˼ʱӣϻʺ󳯹ڣһӺݻĻʺ󳯷߳
ڵ·Թ£ӭʺ
൤ݴ֡
۵Ŀ֮УӣŹŮһһֵ˲ġġ
ر𳤣Ҳû˼ȻõüŵġҲף֮»ʺʺй֮λ
ӣǶʼãʱ˾;óѹͷƤϣקһһķۡ
ò׵ȵŮٶȫĲģӣɫֱͦ˫ֽӹʺᱦ񡪡Żڵķл
ĺ֮£ӣͷӵеĻʺ𱦡
ĸ֡ʺ֮Ĵķ֣һ֣ȳӯߴ˷֣˴硣
ؼˡ
ᱦڸʺ֮󣬺ʽһһʱ̵öˡ
ʽβʹҪǰ
ʱʺҲҪһй氲á
Ҳʽ뿪˻ʹ

˵ԴطGǻÿ󲿷ʱ䶼Բ԰жȹģȽڽɽʵʱ䲢ࡣ
ôҲദ˼ϵطˣ˵Ѿȫʰȥ氲ãĵ˸ʱӣǻͷ˺üۡ
ǰһصūš
ʺķɷǳչ֮£ĬĬĵȴ
ͷһ㡪졣
öطӣĸ첲ʺ˷ߣƺƵĵȥ
ΪǷ䣬̫͵һ·һ·Ҳ˵ŵģȵʺڵĵǰӣͿطGѾվ̨ϵˡ
üĿЦӭӣַŻʺĳڣ׼·
ʺ̶һۿȥͷ
ĺͷѾЩˣһ·棬˱Ƚɣʵ㲻
¼ߵĶ΢һЩŵĻָߣڵЩȣöطסӣ
ӣովȣͿطGҲѾǰˡҪס
⻹ڴأô˫۾ţ
ӣһӾվˡ

һգһֱϣۿöŮ氲ŵĿʼƣӣѾжͷ䣬һҳѣɿڴµϡ
һյѸǰһ˿֣һ߳һ߿ůĹŮæ
ǾЩûϰ߹
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һ˵ţһֹصغЦӣȻߵ˵ǸС׼Ѿ˼ʱҲˣԹȥˡ


738 Ŷ̴

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СƶȰѽˮȡϸ
ȵԲνڡ
ĳƷͣںڵ«ͼĴ󼪱ϣžͳ˹ա


740 

ȻЩֻ氲õ˽ʽĳϦ绹ɡ
Ͼǻʺĸ㡣
⣬ʸã
Ǹոֱһͷ˺Ķǧա
طGû꣬Ŵּѧʿɣֱֱִܶá
Ҳǵһζˣ֮ǰǼƻ˺üݣһһʰ꿴
ǵ˵أݺĸӦԴʩ
ĩˣȥ氲ãӣ˸ǰĸ
ӣĵȻطGĶ֪ڼ䣬һҲûţΪֱɺ飬һʮּѵԱҪأ࣬ʱطĽϱ͢Ϊϲ
ʮ壬طGضϲֵһһˣҪÿһݶ
йԱܻߡ
ӣ֪طGֹʵ꣬ҲûС¶
ǾǸʽڴĹأܳһˣѾǸˡ
ڼ䣬طGӰӵ㣬ĵƻͨ

ϣطGصʺ氲õʱӣѾϴˣпڴͷ顣
һ£ûӭطGԼ߽ů󣬹ߡ
ӣסطG֣Ϳ̶ʮ⾰Զ˲٣ҲȥԳ㲡
·һӾ˺üꡣ
ֱǸС£ѾʮûзˡϰиûȻ׼
˵ˣ¶׼Ҳûá֣˭ܿù
¶ûһˣֱĻ̻̣ȥǧĶ֮ѿ˴ڣһһס
ֱڵɽϡɽʡ˳̶Ȳһĺ飬ׯڴǸյ
ӡ
ʳûճɣֻóԲݸƤգЩطŮÿ춼ˣΪȼҡҡλεţ͵·ԡ
֣ͬ͢ʱ೧ص
ͬʱطGھҲŴǣϵ飬ʼ꣬ϣ쿪սء
ҵǣûг̫ãʹֱĹԱڵȶסģ
ȵ˶Ѯʱӭתһһ
͡ˮһ£ɺԵð̵ѿ
ֱ;ߣصĹԱһ֪һǹȥˡ
طGҲһּ⣬öϽؾ
ֱŰ¹⾰ԸﶼûأطGֱӾּ⣬ͷ˶
ͺıȻûκθĶ
ӣطG˼ȻʵЩһǶ˵ԺͺҲδǺ¡
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͵ĵոȻ֮ǰ𣬵ò׵Ϣ˼꣬С
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ӣڹϢҲʮָˡڣǵĵոҪ밲ģʹּȥ˵ȫˣֻ̥Ϊء
ͬʱһʹҲר͵˶ȥ
ǰʱУǹʹ
ˮһתӣͻȻǳǿҵʶԭԼѾ׵׵ȥˡ
ḣ־ηĳ

ۼֱ֮ѾƽϢطGҲȴһ׮£ǿʼ֮ǰӣŵĽ֮С
һͷ㽻˶͡
ӣ氲ֻŮǹ˵Ƕǰ棬ͻڲ̸
Ѿ̸˿ʱˣ˶û
ȵͳʱ϶Ѿʪ͸ˡʰůůյʵ̫Ŷðѩֶ࣬һ
ʢһ·ӣͺͳڶǰҲǰǰ㻹ЦŴȤˡ
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Ϲӣһһ˵
ᵽĽ֮ΣطG뵽˺͡
һ㲻ĽһͷɫĶӣЩͼϻĲ£һôһѹϣһˣҲûֻ֣ܰ·ۻ
ӣľ׽ţţ⻰һǾ˾յ˲Żᷢĸп
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ĺ˵Ҳʿɿİ֣δǻ¡
Ҫҵˡ
طG˶٣˰ΣӣְѻŲ˺ϡ
ȵһ˽ϴλӺŮѡͿԽܹĵĿʼﱸˡ


741 δ

طG˷½ϣ˵ŻʺĿҪΪ˿̷ˮκӼˡ
ȥ걨̫һˮ£ʵҲͲµʱ䣬⼸Уӹ±Ƶ˵ĹԱԲӹܻ
طGڳΪ¶λ

˵طGǿһдӼ򣬲Ҫ˷ѣϾۼݳѲҪҲѡ
ӣڻʺУһ·λƵĳ˾ǡ
紵ӣ̲ס⿴ȥ涼ǺƺƵĻһ˳УҲطGߡ
Դĺ«ǻ˻ʵ֮ӣϾûʲôˡ
ȥԲ԰ǲ㡣
ׯҲ㡪ϾԼҵׯӡ
ôϸϸһ룬һԶУʵһգۣѾȥ˺öꡣ
긴ꡣ
ʵҲˣȻ֮䣬ͷֺܶһꡱȥˡ
Ͼǻʺݡĳǻ·ǳöŹŮǣһӣȣһַøˮ
ھ֮УֻһᣬС꣬Ĵϣӣ۾һЩԺˡ
Ҳ֪ǱƵķǱߡ
ģģ֮У˺
ӣ̧̧ƤöȥӣźһЦѹɤӴݵص磬ʺأ
ҲСֻǽеĹӺ˽ʰʹͣ
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û̫ãֻ˴Լķ֮һ·̣ͻˮ·
һ·϶£ܿ㵽ݡ
⻹ӣԽ֮󣬵һʱյݡ
ȥ¥úͳˮĻݵĴʵִû̫
ȻķΧһеġ
Сˮ˼ңӵԵĴ˿˿±̣£ǽ쵹ӳˮ֮С
л¥̨Լٯ
ǰӭӵĹԱ˵ҲһŴŴĻԽ˵Խࡣ
طGţ۽Ǿͳ鴤һ¡
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ҪεĻЩԱͻ
νʵǹٸаСȵȡ
˵ֱһЩǹүЩԱ
ǻǮۣ飬ڹ٣ǹӵŦȻݲߣʵȨʵݺܴ
Ҳ⣺ΪЩԱӹ㶫ͬԱһͨʱ˶˴˵Ļ
ֱͷˮǵп߷롣
ʱһ򵥵С£ȴҪعͨϰ졣
﹵ͨϵĸңүʱˣҲʧȥģֻÿͷԹͨʮ鷳дд鹵ͨʣµʵʹȫӸ֮֡
ʹ˺ܶǱڵͱײˡ
طGע⵽һ㣺ƾѡγ˲ţȻһֻܡֽϽǸһȺǿɳ֮
̫๲££
ǼᶨΪ֮ڡ
ҲǱٻռ
ʵȥ꣬طGѾڲٵطˡݡרбٻ
һҲ
ǰӭӵݹԱǰĿİͰ͵˵һڴŨؽϿĹٻ̧ͷɫá
һȺԱŻˡ
طGٲǰߣһһ̧̧֣ʾڵϵһƬѹѹĹԱȫ
һյ˵أطGڵعԱͬ£źһ𣬶ˮ
ӣĻʺסڵصй֮С
ϣūǹ棬˵ڻˣӣ̶һ뼦С⽾˽
طGոձ̫źŻһѣͷˬģ
ﻹͨˮĵͼڿһ߿һдǡµһˣ˵ǲܵģÿһ̰Ӷÿȥ
ŵС⽵طĢͷӣЦˣǶˣ㻹æ
һ˵һѾס֣ͷֱףˡ
ӣҲЦˣҵŻæЩ¶Ĵأ
طGЦƣǰСϡȻ뵽˺ܶǰոտʼԺȥʱҲǾ⽡
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СõƬһƤС٣ҲҲǳ١ʱľƬճһڣƤĨһ¡
ˡ
õС⽷ŵʢˮڼ£ҪϽ̳Ȼٷʢż
ȹʱһϱ̵ĴлŴƤ͸ˡ


742 лʺ

˵סйֵܽѾϾشϣĳҲһӵխϸӣݳ洦ɼСһ
˯£ˮߡӣˮͷûۣطGһҲѾӹ˯¡
ŮǷŵķ˴ӣ˳ȥ֮оֻʣˡ
ӣѾģģЩˣʱŲŲӣóһЩλá
һŲţһ߾뵽˺
طGϡ
ϾǶĶˣֻһ飬Ͳµ˼
΢΢ͷӣЦǺӡ޸ˡ
˵ǡ桱ʵҲǺйһֵĸۡС·ƣ˵ʵʾ̣ܶҲҪѲʱ䡣
һطGɫݵۣһֻֻ֣΢΢ԼַŽ֮С
ʾʱú˯˼
ӣȴЩ˯š
Сĺ磬ûб˾
ѾǿȢ޵ˣȴطG粽شƤ֮¡
ӣԸȥˡ

ʱ֣΢꣬Ļ͸˽
΢ᣬӣʱ򣬱㿴طGԼ԰˯ǰ͸ʵĲʣӷ϶ԼԼĿȥܿҡҷĻӰ
ʫ˵ġС¥һҹ꣬ӻҲˡ
洫ϡϡĶǹŮ׼˸ۺϴˮѬ㡢ֽȣŵ߶š
ӣطGǷĲһĿӹͦı΢촽°ϡ
ѲȻˣһôǾǲϽǵʱÿ춼ûҪ𴲣׼ϳ
⽭ϵأȴǿԺú˯һˡ
˯֮УطGеһ˿Ժһ֣ʶľͰӣ§ˡһơ
ӣһȣ΢΢˸Ҳ§סطGļϡһ̣ȻԼݳκһѰķһ
ִ֣֮ϡ
Ͼڹʱնϰ˯طGҲģʽ
ʱ仹˯Ҳ˯ˡ
ú׼׼޻ȥתתūŽźطGһߴ£һ߻ͷӣ
˵ˣһߺЦһ͵Լ߾ס
ϾԱһȦūţейźŮ
ӣ͸еϷˡ
䶼ˡ
ֳطGѾЦˣһְԴŹˡ
йŷ˵صĳģݷζ
Ȼ򵥣ȴʮ־£һһ˿̬ȡ̶ѿһһʵҲһһŰ
ӣԵýζطGȴЩ̫
ŷ׼΢üͷƲԣϽͽһ׿ζʳ
һţһ߿Ųõ⽥𣬴Ӱǽϴӳһӵı̣عӰҡҷ
ͷϴܵĺܿ졪һ緹ĹľͿͷˡ
ۿɼıһһ쳤Ҳһߡ
Ӻ첻Զˡ
һ㣬طGְŮѡ¶ӣ˵һ顪˵ˣģصǿһ飺ϸϸŮᣬʱ޸øҪʣµŮȥлʺӡ
硭
⻰һ˵ӣעȫŮѡˡ
ֻһ䡣
ôܷģ壬ǷֻмֿܣһǸݸ˵ս
ЩսϷսΪش׵λΪ˱ʾй֮ıã߾ȫΪЧ
Ҫôǻϵֱϵֵܣʸġ
ڻӡҪôʮܻϲĶӣҪôҲܹһżܱ
͡
ǻλʵϵļ̳ˣЩһֱҲΪʰ˲ٲ£Ϊ͢˲
Ϊʡ
ǺͲһˡϾͻôСأ
ͺͺͷȴֻǸգ⡭
ĺ«˾ںΪ
ǲµʲôطGֱӶӣ˰֣зִ磬ġ

ԶţڵعԱͬ£鿴ˮ迣ȵ֮طGûнйֱӾʢȥ˻ʺӴ˵ʺֱȥйſڡ
Ѿϵˡ
ӣѾѡȻ΢ѲȻĲҪ̫۲źá
ȵūǴӵߣöŷ²ȽŵСӣطGѾһַӣ


743 

ݳ洦ܼݣԴġ
Ƶʻʯŵĵ·ȵʻ˷һƬо̻Ļ㻺ӣǰ̾Ϳ
ŵǽԾ¥ָ㡢ȵζϽСĽ˵ĶŴŴ¥̨֮䴫
еʢеʡȻͬܵ˵ǷԴһƬ
˸䣬һٵĵطͣӣطG˵ʺߡ
֮ǱӬƵߣɷ羰
ȻôˣһȺµ˭ָĴ⣿
ϾѲݵϢҲǴ󷽷ġ
һˣ㲻΢Ѳ
ӣطGס֣ȥ
ӣʼûвطG΢΢̧ͷɫȻΧɨ˼ۡ
עӵķ򿴣ҲΧߡ
·ˣǸֱ
ھ¥ߴƿͣһֵĶԷֲȫء
Ҳ·߲ţķֲһ˫۾ɨŴȺ۲ûпɵ
ӣֱͽˡ
ӣ֪ôģȻ뵽˴˵еѪӡ˵Ӻʵ۵֯ճ˴еһְרԶȡ׼ҲָӺߵ
ʶһ¼磬طG߿˿
ڽһ·ʵعţһ߿ŽֵԵĵ̡۴αȣٻۼһƬַо顣
ӣ̧ͷͿֶ̺ƣ鱦Ьñϯ辰˿񡭡һ㣬½ɺ¥¥ķֵȵȡ
һ·洦ɼͣ˴СٴʹӻԼֳŸ˵񷤣ɽɫŶ۽غˮ˼ҡ
һȫ;ǲһķò
ӣ֬ˮۡͷһѼеʱһһҵɨȥ
е֬ˮɫղԱȫľ
ŵūǣﻨһѣ챧ˣظ
ʢֶֻûš
ԵƹϲЦտһʹүһ㣬ӣ˺ԶˣڵſڰͰ͵شҾ
û⡣
һɹ֮ӣʹ졪Ů˹ĿУڻڹŴһġ
һȵūǰѶŷԼղŴɹʵ̫Ͷ룬ľˡ
¿ɺã涼߲ˡ
طGֻǺЦؿӣһ߿һЦ̾ĩҲҡҡͷ
սˣֻҪÿδ棬һɴɹ
ɵӡʲôУá
ﲻҲǻɫʽʵˡ
Ъһöˮ͸ӣ΢ָһطGм֮羰ѡ
ӣϣ룬ýһӸ
ӸȻ΢࣬в˹ˮһҧȥƢĹ
ӣȥǾ羰
Щ羰ȥǲеġ
˵ˣӣͿطGһ˿źӦȻͺЩⲻȥˡ
˵ǳѲΣطG֡Ρʲô
ǰûһʱŵģһֱڹС
ֱ죬źò覹
ʵղŹ֡ǿͼֺǣȴòףֱ˽伲࣬ϴ
ţŷɹˡ
ԽӸλˣڸλԽãԽᵽ֮ȨļµǾΨҶĿС
ˣĵλ£һζİ˳ֻġ
ⲻǶһģʲô

ϻصйŸոйſͣ£Ѿǰˡ
ﻹӡǻʰ겼õĲºĿ˴ѲĻᣬдƪ£ǹ۲ճɡطѩۡˮ޿Ĺϵ
һҪϵΪƸصһ
ʮʮѪдûҰ֡ʰ棬ʲôӲһ˫ۡ
Ҳ֪йſڵ˶ˣͷϽһ㱡ϸӲֲԱߵļǰ̫ڵһš
ӣźһɹЩ΢죬Ÿ׽ӹԼд£͸ѹֲסڴ
ӣЩᡣ
뵽طG˵ġΪ
˵ʱͷβôƽֻûйںֻƬ
һ䶼ûС


744 Ӳ

Եɨһ飬طGź˵ͷ˼ʾԻȥˡ
ڲסʧҲҶ˵ʲôվǶĬĬĿͻʰ̧ȥ
ӣﲻָ̣ӷ˷죬ĸ첲̧ͷźȻˣһһŰɡ
һ˵һ־˳ѺϵΧˣⶼʲôˣ⣿
طGǰ棬ӣ⻰ûʲôԡ
ǺǸӡ
̧۾ʰıӰȻʰͽ̫µԵʣĻǺʱһͦݡ
ûЩ岮һ
һʰվǶʱ򣬶˵ֻҪ۹һɨŭʵ̫ˡ

ɫѾȫˣƻͨ
йĳӲٶǵصҲͷףвѾڼҺŪˡ
αɽְ׼źפѲʱ򣬴֡
˭֪겢ôԵùݲˡ
ԣҲû֮ˣ⼸չֻлʺԼŷūŹȤζѧ˺üˡ
ʺŷʵ̫˼飬ǵһλΪˡ
ֱǲ֪λԭںĻʺŵǱ֮ۡʱһֺó곣ȥ̳֮費˥
ҲͲˡ
񸮵ԱߣǱл㷲ǵȵʺ٣λʺƽ׽ˣɫǲ
һųԵѻȸطGǰԷĶ˼֣طGʮ⡣
һٷһ룬طGһתֱӾ˵ҪŮѡոԼ顣
ӣôҲû뵽طGȻֱӾͰ¶ںǰˡ
ؽһ׷ͽ
ȵ˵ˣطGɫ֮Ҳ¶˸׵ĴȰ꣬׼¹ˣʰøһҲ٣ҲĪҪļ
һ仰ɫһ䣬¿վڵϿ˸ͷͷŵ棺Ӳң
ﰲ
طGֻǶ΢΢һЦá
ֻֿ˸ͷ˵űƵģס
ӣֻؿƵûţ׷ʲȥˡ

й֮أר
ٽݳ񷻣һɳɳ֮϶ͣЪ
طGǻԺһֱʮӣмӡ
ǹ͢촦Ѿű࣬ĸ񽳵йְ
е񽳣ΪŶ˷ϺǶطGθڣǱΣΪĸˣѹơ
һݵص͸ӷʢˡ
ȵѲһգӣڿŹŮʰװʢѾר˹ʺʹ͵
ⶼרɸֻͣʽףͬ֬ϸ壬ӣһϲ
˴ؾǱϣ·;ңԶǰװƵĻײ
ӣֻԸūǿһСУʣµȫάԭ𶯡
ٴϽȥ

һ·ɽˮȻصϽеʱѾǳʱˡ
ڻʰ뿪ĸ£һжɡ
طG֮⡣
Ȼϲ͹ʰ棬طGǰȥַԼϲĳӡ
Լ⼸λسһطGźͣھͿ˰Ļᡣ
һȥϣпĶࡪԹɹԱѲطѲٳ顣ʿѲζѲҲΪ˹۲ò鿴ӹףӶ˽伲ࡣ
ܽһ仰ʹϴ
ң࣬۷ҲҪ
طGһ߶ڴ˵ţһ߾뵽˿ʮ֮ʮꡪΪѾ˰Ȼĳ̶ȣڰɣ󳼷Ұվӡ
֮ңΪʹޡ
һֱطGѾ˻λһж϶ˣȻɢҥԣ߱֡ܡĸȲ״
һˮȥ
һѲĸпطGù۷ʹר˳פطκεطԱӰԼֱӺֱۣʵ۵Ȩ
һ£һ۵ıһƵƿƾٿˡ
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»ԡʮѮԡ
̺Ϳʱ򳬲࣬ʱ䶨֮طGٺӹԱھ죬ԣȡУ
طGһ˵ţһ߿Ĵ󳼺ͺͣɵ뵽˿Իرܵ⡣


745 

νԻرܣʵڿʱˣָǿٻӿԵϵĿƿҪԶȵٿ
ٻϴλλǲ
һͿԳ׷ֹٺͿΪݹϵƫ̻
˵ף⻹һͨԺСһȺʵвƽȡ˵ľԹƽһְ취
ȻΣҲ֮Ч
ǺվŻʰһҲһһֱ˼һ£Ϊ⿼ӵ֮رߣӦϤвԣľʰϸģμģʧ֮ź
ٺӿٵЩӵܣȻǼСֵȺҲӦͬʿһͬȨ
Ժ;ӦýЩرܿٵʿǼһپһοԣź
Ϊ٣ʰпеĻʵȫǵľӶġ
ιŹ֮ҿĿһ;ʵȡʿ֮Ҫε𣬲źȺšڴǰ渶̸
طGһһ߿źͣĵⶼزסˡ

ϻ氲ã񸮸ոոʺƵ¡ƷĳУˮһ˿
ĻҲǼģ¶ϣʢţ޾á
ӣһȺŮӵŴѣԳߴ޸ģȵݵͨʱһ㣬ӻֱûü
ͷЦطGҲЦ
ϵѣۼѿ˲٣ϻλƵġ
طG΢΢һü͵ǰͿġⶼʺ˶ٴˣ޶˵ʺĳߴ硣
ӣ֪񸮰²ˣקקӣСľ͸ͣϣѳߴ粻ʣˡ
طGһ㶣̧ͷ۹µɨһȦȻվ־ͰӣԼǰ
ˡ
ӣüͷһתͷͺʢȥ̫ҽӣæסطG֣ûϵԼԼûǰһѲµİˣһͺˡ
Ȼô˵طGﵽ׻ǲģֻǰסļ͵ҲҪƽģһЩʲôϵ
⻰˵ûۺƽÿ¶ƽνδûвҪ̫ҽƵġ
ӣֻ֣˳ˡ
һ̫ҽѾʢ˹꼱٣Ϊǳʲô¡
ȵ氲֪ǻʺݣ굣Ļʺ彡̫ҽơ
̫ҽۺͷ̧֮ͷһۻʺɫ֪ûʲô󰭡
ǱϾԱߣţ̫ҽֻܴҽ䣬ɷµһȻϹˣֻ˵طģʺ念ĺܡ
ǰ۳Ͷ٣Щƣͣټ棬δضθڣߣЩҲ
ȵ̫ҽ֮ӣֳڴͷϣطGЦ˵ûϵİɡ
طGÿɷü߹ڴرߣӣԼһųˣްġ
ӣжſļͷ
Ҳ֪ôģգգۣʶľûͷûβ˵һ仰ϷģһһֱŻϣֱ
Ļ˵ˡ
طGס졣

һתѾ£ӺŮѡҲѾĻ
ѡŮÿһΣɻ֡
֮ǰΪȻʺĴɥⳡŮѡԭҲصȵġ
ٰѡ㣬Ŀģ˳ʵʵ۵ĺ󹬣Ϊ˻ǵĶָ顣
һβһ
Ѿʾ˺󹬲ؽˣֻŶǺҡ
һıߣԼŮİ˼ңЩʧ
ϾĻʺҲֻǺһС
¶֪˶ԾԾԵ˼ҡ
ѡŮ䷶Χһ㶼иޡʮϵŮӲٲμӡ
ЩԱеŮȻʺûйɥĻӺܲμѡģһΣѾޡ
Ҳ˵ЩŮѹһѡ㶼ûμӹֱӹ䡣
ʵڿʱҲƵ
౨֮󣬿ֱּ⡪춼ͳţŮӵĻᱨ֮ǰΪɥδѡ֮ŮʹԳҲɸĸţ˽Ƚס
ǵطGһΣ񸮹֮طGֱһӾͷԸȥˡԱŮΪ֮ǰԭ򣬹ģǼȥ
μѡˡ


746 Ӻѡ

һĻʵϲѡǱԤҪһЩġ
ӣΪʺ氲ŮᣬһҳһҳϸϸĿš
ʵΪѡرˡֻոʣµҡϾȺġ
˵ˣҰҲ׼
طG˳氲Żʺһ𿴡
ʵҪ󹬡ʵûӲԱ׼˵ڵһ׹ء
Ȼ˻ʵۣȻһһ⡣
Ʃ翵һŮѡʵԶԶڹصġԤ˸˽󹬡
طGһһˡ

ѡܿͿʼˡ
ڹأѡŮֳ˺ü죺һһǰԼɹŵĶƷϹԱ֮ŮЩŮΪݵԭ򣬵Էڵһѡ
ӵڶÿ졣
ڶԼ죬Լ졣
ŮǶó⳵£Ȼ󰴴̫Ǵ룬һ·ߵ˳ǰ룬ٰźõ˳򣬽ѡ
ȵһأۺԿʱ򣬱ѡŮҪʥּųһţһνһš볡
ѾˣӣȻһʺĻҲȡҲһѡĵطйϵ
طGصѡ̫ĺ
ҼΪǽ̨֧߳ʮףţڸ䰲ǰŵĴõṹ
ҲΪĽṹʱʱĴö棬Ȼ⡣
ŮͱϾСҪǰӣ۹ֱһһŵŮѧ
еĸͷСѧ꼶Ů
Ŀˡ
ŮڵۺǰȻҪ磬ȴɻ䡣
Ϊ
ѡİŮӣۿɼǶǺݺһġ
Ҫ**ˣǲ٬ŨޣҪţǲܺѵ
ҪӺݹǲܹϳɣҪɰֲԵС
͸˵˻Լʱ򣬼ʹʲô裬Ҳδرȫġ
ܹ̫ʾ֮£һŮĶׯǰߵ˵ۺǰ
ӣڹ֮ǰΪŮǰһ¿϶ҪϹ¿ͷ񡪡Ͼա
ֱʱ֪ԭѡĹǣ
˵Ůٵۺǰ񣬶Ϊһһŵˣ¡񡢿ͷ밲Ļʱ
˾ͺܶ࣬ҪȻҲһŽˡ
Կ˾͸Ͻתߣõˡ
⣬вμѡŮ϶һСӣдšĳĳĳĳĳ֮Ůĳĳϡ
ʱ򻹻游游Ĺְһעȥ
طGӣǰҲһŵСľӣݸŮϵͬġ
񸮵̫ԱźšÿһŮȥǾҪʱٸ
Уϻʺ˳۵Ůͻʾ񸮵ˣŮ
̫Уٶν
Ҳ׳Ƶġӡ
һһ̱ߵӣѡŮӡˡ
ӵŮͲܺϽʲôԵˣԳϼǵڹſڵ⳵ؼȥɻ䡣
¶Ǽһּҳ
еĶŮԺĸĸʧޱȣҲеĸĸŮһ纣룬֪ѡϢϲأϸ͵͵ڼףġ

ĹѾȥһʱ
ӣֻ۶ˣ˼硪ΪŨױĨеŮϵѬŪøأ߶֮䣬ɢ÷档
ӣ΢΢̧֣ЩʹĲӣԱߵطGһۡ
طGһֳֻϥϣ̧ͷǰŮǣϢ̾һ
ɫѾܿЩͷˡ
ʵҲˣҲûرĺӡЩŮҲǲһƥոŮ
ܾƺô⡣
ӣطGʱ򿴼̾Ķ֣ӵڣذֱϣƣ𼱡
طGҲǼֻǾô̫ʱˡʺ󲻼ʱɱ⣬ʱνϧʱ
ôĹ򣬽ϳǰûü۶ˡ
ʱ䡣
Ůˣʺ޿š
طGסˣվְӣļͷ΢΢˼䡣
Ȱɸһ顣
ȵʮʮŮӣٴѡ
Ҳֽʡ
ۿŻϯվһŮǣڻ̿־͸Žǡ϶ˣѡʲôأ
طGѾ̧ĵķˣӣֻվȵȥ檹ͻϡ


747 Ͳร

תͿһŮ͵͵̧ۿ
ʺĿɨŮָϽȥ
ӣһǰЩŮǣ̧ͷ񸮵˲ص
񸮵̫ˣԱߣʱʺһԸֱͦ壬͸һŮٽ
ӣֵЩ
ö״֣Ҫ׼õĵӸϡ
ӣ̧ͷһɫ˰ֹ֣öĶҲ˰ˣߡ
վͿ̫һˡ
һȻȽϺʡҪǰִĶԱǸӡ
ǺͺףҲǱȽϰġ
ڲСѧˣӣɵ̧Ǽ⡣

üѡڽˡطGһ죬ûгֹΡ
ȫȨλʺˡ
ŮҲѾиĸ˵λʺʢ裬רδĳġ
Ŀˣˡ
طGӣɸŮһλƷòѵĹ϶ϸո϶ϳţãƷòǵ²ţŮкǳڡ
⣬طGָһλĴ޼ϸร
ټ
ȻһӾǶŮ
ӣԼ粻һµĻطGָܼ
͹϶ϵĻҲˣӺСһΪݵʱ׼

ΪСӵĻҲ˵ԵʣطGԴѡ֮ĺü죬ӣۿɼģܿĿġ
ѵõػȥһУ䳡ϣǰԼˤӡ䡢
·𲻼ꡣ
ÿϰ꣬ĵһ󺹣ūͽϴԡˮҲ׼ˣطGϴһ˸ɾѳӣֻûˬ
ǰɵʱʹ졣
ڲˣǴǰ飬ڲ鷿ûж
ӣʱѪҲȥſ˵Ķǵһףģѧ龲
򵥵˵˵κ£Ҫ鱾ˡ
ʲô£Ҫ̫ɣվ쳤ľͻ
ᱻĿƣִҲؿģֻǷ÷ӯ֪ȥһС
ղܴﵽݵ龲
Ҳ֪ǲʹ˵ԵʡǰЩ飬ӣʵǲôģȴԽԽýζ⡣
ūֱӰ氲ϲӣȻֱӾ鷿ˡ
طGǱߣֱ˳ȥ氲ÿʺ󣬾Ȼѵõس˸ŸȻūţ֪ʺȥƫ鷿
Щ⣬ȥӣͿӰϣŷ飬ûв
طGӣļŵһ𣬲ϵˣϣ
طGЦְùַ˷ŽŻԭ
תͷڲãĺɫ￴ǣ֣ԼĿڣɫˣ޵ӣи֮ˣǧ꣬ؿЩ
ӣֻҪոôذ

ΪѾȢ˵ոԲร븮ʱͲôˡ
˰ڣۿŶһһ٣֮͢ϵæ¶ҲһһǺľǰֿȵĴˡ
겻κܶӱΣļ졪ϵĶˡ
ľǳĹ³ð֮踣⼸꣬Ϊ˻ϵܹУȫԸΪڳ͢µ˲ˡ
˵ĺ˷̨
ʱľĳͳ˸ʹ㣺ͳĿƼ׳
ʿǣֱӺ䳰ȷ
¶ӣҲطGᵽһЩסеִûƴѧƾ
طGãûпƼ׳ֻǶ̰壬֮ܳΪڵ㡣
ֻҪС
Ƕӣô˵ڳϣڳǰҲ֣µ˵һ
û˸ҶľķǿƼ׳Ц䡣
ľڳ֮ϣͺۿ
νʿΪ֪
ʵְϣδôࡰ°ߡ
ֻв֪õ쵼ߡ
ӣȻں󹬣һֳ֣һ߸пһľ;һеĹ¶ڽ֡
͵˼գรλӭ˸
һӾˡ
˵֣ȻҲȲӭȢոʱ򡪡б
Լʹɲรʹ񸮰æҲġ
ڸ񣬾͸ˡС̧ţӱֱ˽ϢľСԺ
ո˵ո¾Ǵ˵Ҳֲ


748 ޼

ת´ҴҶԽ캮ض
һλˣ͵ĵոϾٴȣһҲЩʧ䡣
˼ˡúͰЩӣߵΪ֦ɢҶ
Ͼ꣬ո֮ǰ˹һӣ
ݵ΢ոͷʱҲսսۿɼС
Ϊв
ǲร޼ϾͲһˡ
޼Դ壬ʱںŮ޼ѲԲƺΪϣλ޼Ǵ󳼴޼Ѱ͹֮Ů
ݣǵ͵ġ
ĵͷĸ¡ĸϡ

޼ϵԺ
޼Ժﵴǧ
䣬Ů˵ʱ򣬿жһһร̫ˣǱЩ̫ˣϸ
޼Ͽĵصûϵ
ŮǱ˴˶һۣҲεЦˡร춼ǿĵģƺʲô
ԵĲ˵ӣ֮УźĹʮټ
۲รò˵ĵһӡɲġ
ǸòŮӣͬϵŮȻȴɫ˹Ŀ
һҪ˵ʲô֮˫ۡ΢΢䣬üĿʱһ˿꣬Ե÷ׯǫᡣ
·ŮõеĴϣԵúʡ
صһŮڶ
ģۣ́չջЦ¶Լһʱȫһˡ
ʵһ˫һۡ۽¹β
۲תʱ򣬱Ļ
Ǵ޼ϵ̬жһЩͺкһ˿ģԳһƯĿɰ
ŮԻ̬ˣһˡ

Ӹĺ԰Ȼ䣬̧ͷɼһϴ
ϾٽףٸӡͷĲҲЩܹѵõˡ
ǰ鷿ģūɨ֪ôľ뵽λЦĲร޼ϡ
รţҲѾȥˡ
һζûȥǴ޼ϵԺӡѾȥٴˡ
ͻĺ£е鱾վȥ
ūæϣŶ²รԺӷߣȲػӣ˴멳
ȥǺһξġ
޼Ժ֮Уո޼껨֦˼΢΢ͷһ֮󣬾Щˣȥжˡ
үˡ
Ժū־ϲڵϾ͸ү밲
޼ְѼӽŮǰͿĵظ밲
ڴ޼ùţ͵ľ÷ˡ
ȥ˯ֻǼ򵥵ġ˯
޼ϰ뿿ڴͷţ°ͣ΢΢ͷȥԼλ
ͺһƽʱˣʹ˯֮УҲһǡ
ģŭ
԰Ĺ£޼¶һ΢ЦκһŮû
͵͵һ̲סָȻź͵üë
˵ӿӦڡüĿ
üĽüӢ͸һɼͲΡ
Ȼ˯УҲо˴޼ϵĶ΢΢һתԺֽ޼Լ
˯ʣ֡
޼°øϣ΢΢ͷ۾ؿźְֽͣѺں͵ֱϲ˲䡣

ϵԺ˵үò׵˿Уȥ˲ร˾ʹסˡ
ȵӦ֮ʶһӵūŶĵĴԼǿʰסԼҲס
ϾҲᣬ˵ŵո֣ʵҲǸСˡ
ԴӲรȷʵȥĴǶЩ
֪ոܣһظĺ󱳣һ߾͸ο˳ӷſһЩģԺϾǸոսģүʱأ
֮ǵȹһӣûʸУүȻͻˡ
˵ˡүҲûո
ֻǰҲ̫Ⱥȴһ޼Աȡ
ԱȻãһԱȾͿˡԭүҲȺġ
Ǳãǰ̴ãǰû֮ǰ˼۰Ͱŵġ
ĵո֪ɷ˶ˡ

ϵʱ򣬺ûڴ޼ˡ
ϷԼѾȫϵ˺ϡܹԼֻһŵʱ䣬Ҳһίɢ
Щָ˲ˣĿº͵΢Цһ˲


749 

˺ͣϻصȵŮźϴּ֮ˣ΢ЦžСӣū˵ûգүﻹǼǹġ
΢΢̧ͷ֡
Ǻͣȴ֪Ϊʲôⷬһֿľ괺ĲɣС
ּոᣬѹȰ˼䣬޷үᣬֹأѰ¶
ܸı䣬ֻܽܡ
ΪոΪҪˣ̬ҲҪֻؽˣϵоֹŲᱻ׽˰ѱȥ
˵ʧ衱¶Ǹα⡪˵ó費þһʧ衣
Ƕ谮һˡ
Ҫֻܳ谮һˣӦֻרһˣӴΪ򻨲մǡ
԰ҺԺǰ󹬣ӣǿĶȥʵЩǣԸԸĳ谮ڶˡ
ۼŻϡүรԺȥ˼ˣԸȻˡ
ǵĲС
̬£Ա䣬ԹЩڵİ¶Ҳûܡ
Ͻ֮Уô಻׵ԩ꣬ô£
һĵϴԽ֮󣬶ƽһЩ

һƬУڵˡ
궬ѩµر󡪡ѩ׷꣬ʢ̫ƽνطGʮοػв䣬μӵ˶Ϊѧʿֵ͢ȡ
Դӿĩ꣬ڹ㶫ĴС̯Ķƶ֮طGӺ𣬿ʼֱʽһƶȡ
֮ڸʡˡ
ֻ񡪡ӺĴ죬һƶȲǱ鲼ȫ
Ҳ˵ڣȫѾһƶȵĸĸ
˳ţڶ͵Ľ֮£طGּøعԱ̯Ķƶȵͬʱغͳ˿ڵĹ
͸Աˡȫ顷ΪôԸõȫغ˿Ͼ︳ǹҪĲԴһ꣬ȫʡݵ︳ԼΪǧ߰
֣Իܿһռ䡣
Сá˰ԴҲǺһֱŻʰᳫġ
ҪĽ˰ʣϰյĸ
Ͼȡ衢Դȡղ㣬㣿

ͬʱڳ֮УЩٴγԱȵıܶ
ˣطΪ̰㣬ڵط͵͵˰
һνʱ㱻ٷ˳
طGʱڻǰսս౨ܶÿĿʱֻһζӲʹҧ˵ԼδȡԱ
ţԱֻ߱ǵһЦ
طGվڴ֮УⲽǰλҲǰϳˡ
˵ز
дŷŭʹϧ֮Ŀ鼰ȫ֮࣬ʵ˶ʣһʵϻиޣ޽ģ
ڳ֮ϣ̧ͷԱĶ
Ҳؿ
ɪɪݺ

ʮ壬Ԫڡ
Ԫǰ죬Ͻ֮УԪһƷŷİ˱ԪʹʡҡӡӵȰָɹԷۡǵ
ΪȽԪʳôҲ첻ζֻй˲ſ
ÿźطGΪӣǰϹԪ
ʮռǰ죬Ͻ֮иǹ˵ƽڡ½ӳ˼һƬԡ
ӣΪʺں֮䣬ȥ;һƬʤգ۶ˡ
˵⻹ȫʢ
ǰʱ򣬵ƽڵĹڵҪ֡
ڵʱÿι궼нһµʱ䣬¥˻ơ
رһɽơɫֽ˿Ǽܣֽȼ򣬲̻ġħ֡˸ߵĹ껢øɣʱİٳߵ¥
һĵƻּһӰѹˡ˲ٹˣһʱ֮εΪҡ
ҲΪԵʣ֮вھٰʢĵƻᣬҪơ

ˣŷʳ͵ĵʱ򣬶С̼¯
ӣĵ氲֮УԵһ⡪Ҫζؼ⡣
һ㶼廨߶⣬ӣϲö⡪߷֣û廨ʣֲѵ
Ѷϴɾ֮󣬼ϴУϾ죬̳ڱͰһʱȡ
ȡƬгɱƬԽԽãټ࣬Σǣ´ףӣлƹ˿װΣٰƬںã֭ȵһȦϡ
׵ˡ


750 ϲ

һطGһڣ޲ڡ
ϾҲôˣӣʵܿóǺóԣʱδؾÿζôޡ
ҲΪ˺˰ˡ
һ֮Խжˡ
ϴ˲£ӣȥûô˯ţطGְ˻ôˣ
ӣֱ۾Ƭ̣ȻһҹɫϵһʼʱǾ˺ܺóԣ
һʼطGҲû˯죬ʱŤͷӣʱôˣȻ⻰ɵҲЦˣôȻôʣ
ӣͷЦȻָ֣һһԼ֮УĲŵ˵
طGôڴϣþõһ
ϲˣϲˣʵںܾúܾǰѾֲˡ
ӣͷһЦɤͳ͸Ŵԣĺóԡ
ӣ֪ȥʵҲʲʲôһɣµطGĻԴ°ͺ;Ѵ˲䣬һֻס
ûſһ㡣
طGȻʧЦͷӣͷһ¡ƣǰˣǰͷˡ
ֻùȥ֣һĻһĻĻ
Զɫ

תۼ䣬Ѿ˶µףĵĺͥԺ֮Уܿɫ
һ괺ˡ
͵ĵոˡǸк
˶ܻϲ
һƬϲУϵʱ
ôѾΪոʹֻҪܹؼкһӦ񣬶ͲøһС
֮ǰʱ򣬸ﱾЩӣָɹȥūţʱӣҲһЩ
ƺǴ޼ͦó衣
ȵ£Ѿӣ壬ӣּ
һ̥̥ĸͷ󣬶ȻˣӻûսȥŮǷŽʱ͵һۿȥΪϻµء
ټոף˺ʹǰǸĹֱˡ
Ůӣ׵ģ
ʱ˰ڲ
뵽ģҲԼӣӣ񣬶Ҿ˰ˡ
úӣҪΪӾ´󼪡ӱϾǺѪ¶һ궼úúţʳҲҪҽҪԸſζԣ˺úðˣŲ²
ӣض
ϸмæл
ӣתͷԸ˽͸׼õĲƷ˳ߵū֮װҲˡ
֪ͻʺ˵񸮵ûֻš
ӣȴǡ˶һ̧ͷĹŮԸǽ
һ̾ж룬Ĺȸʺָ
ӣһɨȥһ֣Ͻ͹ˡ
ӣֽеĲְһŲúõĲͷĴڶϵļͷԱһŸ̾Ͼᣬʲôɫÿ
æʶӺݸ߻Ҳĺܡ
ʵǲóƨˣֻ˵һ仰Ͳ֪ôˣҲЩˡ
УʵһЩۡĳɷֵġЩЦȻŮӣ
ǣۡһֱ塣
֡ۡǴҲǺһȶҳϣᶨ
굱ѡ͵ĵոҲԭġ
ӣЦЦ˼ƥţŵ⼸϶Ưʶһ㣬һظʱȥ
˵꣬־Ŷϵ֣лѵüһΣͲҪллȥһˣŪԶˡ
ԶĹϵùϵø
ڽùϵùϵԶ
ӣ΢Ц˶һ˲ֵʵҲǸոӣֵʶԭʱ
˵̧ͷһΧūǡ
ö⣬ʹΧһȦ˳ȥˡ
ȵůֻ֮ʣӣͶˣӣס֣úӣͱѡ͵ĵոͱϲ㣬ĺӣͱ۵ĺԺʲô¶ֻס仰ϸ뱾仰ô
⻰Ѿ׻ʶһνٽˡ
һᣬڻִ̿ŸжȦˣ̧ͷӣʶ
ӣֱúӣ
Ϲȥ͹ǰӣϥϡ
֮УȻ


751 

ߵʱ򣬻һͷġ
ӣ氲֮УĿ⺢ӳȥȴЩп
⣺ǶԶϣȵٽʱҲһ¶ӡ
˵ںͻԶԶûôŵĵز
ˮѲ⡣
Ҫ浽Σ鷳ˡ
öŵ߽ů֮ӣһյȲ¶
öҲСˣСǿкŵĹùˣӣĲŷ־ö޷֮УĿ׷
ȳȥñһ
ӣ
ö΢΢һ漴˳ӵ˳ȥȵţŵİѵҲ
ӣů֮У˸ƣԼøһЩ
̧΢΢ĳԴŴ֮ڴ⡣
뵽ղŶŶȰ˵Щӣ̲סͿЦһ£ҡҡͷ
Ҫǻ˴ǰ˵ʮǰˣ¾ʮǰôҲ벻һ죬ԼҲȻȻ˵Щ
Ͼһִ˴ԽʹʱѾ˼ʮ֪꣬һʱһʱ򣬵ЩǱʶĹǺŤת
ˣһԽԴǻôʮꡣ
ǶϾûôˡ
һվƸߵϣ˱˵ʹ࣬Ҫ˴ȣһ̵ֲ顣
ǣϾ˶˽ĵġ
Ϊ͵ĸףΣӣðסϡ
ͬʱΪһӣΪһոռûСˣʹǵոʹ࣬ӣȴҲ⡣
һӽˣȻĿǰƻԣ͵Ѿƫ˲ร
϶Դˣ㷴ӦûеĻӣ;øˡ
񶭶ӣֻҪĸףصǺӡ
ӣղ˵Ǿ䡰ĺӣͱ۵ĺһöɽʯؽϸ
ӵ˺ǰ;ȻǺ͸ϵһġ
ϣֻҪԼĶӣ;ڶʲô

Ӻµף⴫һ˵͸˵Ϣ
ˡ
Ļᡪ²ɼһɽ
Դӿʮһ궬طGλ֮󣬵һ¾ǽʮ⣬׷ɿգӯ⣬Ϊ֮ĸ춨˾û
ͬʱһ꣬طG˻ῼҲῼ
˫£ʵѾæˡ
ǱϾε˲ܸ࣬ɵ˲ţ͸ˡ
ûӣֻʮܼѹ
Ӻ꣬ߪ
Ӻֱָ꣬Ӫ
֮طGΪ󳼣ּܺԲ԰ﱸñˣ촦ΪӺۿꡭ
ôһĲҲܲˡ
ҲѾˣټЩĲͣ˵ӶͿˡ
̫ҽԺҽȥŬ뾫ĵ£ûܹ
Ӳ˴һغмֻж̶߰ʱ䡣
⧲طG쳣ʳζѰԴطһ£𾪣Ҳеķ
ϾʵΪطԹź
ӣҲû氲дˡ֪¶طGĴͬСɣϾһ·໥߹ֵܣѣͬʿࡣ
طGһڼ𡪡ԼʮܼϷŵĵʵ̫ء
ԼҪ񣬲ҲܳԵǿȡ
Լֻʮܡ
ӣǵطGʱģ˫Ŀ죬һ϶ȶĲˣģ߼ͺƷƮƼһ㡣
ʢòУǰ̫࣬سӣֱʺӭˣŴһ꽻˻ʺ
ʺӣֵܡ
ǲһġ
ǴĳֽǶ˵е֧ţֶһġ

ȵūǶ˳ȥطGֽ׽סӣļ򣬽ǰ
ӣľ͸оԼǰ½ʪһƬ
û˵ֻסطG۵һһš
һ̣طGȻʹһӡ

³ȥģǡǰ
죬һּ⣺ȵԸ֮Ҫ̫̫͸顢ʿ͸飬ı̺ᡣ
֮С
Ȼʷɻңɡ
طGͣ壬ֺΪ͡ҽҾֱֺּ֮ǰ
ӣΪʺطG࣬Ϳһīһ˸֡
ˮһһ̨֮С


752 ˺

ѾƽƽЩͷǰӡôҲû뵽
ΪȥͻȻ˳
˵ϱǰ֮ˣֱ۵Ķǡʹ˼ʹ֮ǰ˭в㶼Ὣ˾
ڸݡ
ƫֵҲŹ
ֻΪɥˣ㱻طGƿڴֱӽȦߣһϳ͡
һʱ֮䣬Ȼ
Уǿ磬طGֳ
ȴɥˣ³
˵вд˽ġ԰˰硢Ű硢ʮİĺݣ˶ԴҲǳ¡
ѡôʱ֣ɼѾȫˡ
ʮգطGָּԭط顣
ʮգطGּӺϮСԶ棬Լ
ʮһգطGּĸ¾ʹᾰꡣ
˶䣬޴

һεµףۼžȥ֮Ѿȥ£طGϵЦȴȴ֮ǰࡣ
Ȼ֮ǰϵЦݣǲŵġֻӣܾԡ
񣬶ӣʱҲôЦˡ
ĳһطͻſϰ죬ֱӣطGŻ㱵Ļع
ӣߵطGߣ֪ѹִļϣطG̬ȻصޡҲˡ
Ƕǰһߵġ
ˣҲˡӣطG§Լ
һᣬڰ˸Ȱˡ
Ծǵõȳʧȥһһ֮󣬲Ż֪ķӦ
ʹ顣

طGţӣָǺ˱֮󣬳棺׼ҹûûúá
ūʺô˵Ͻȥŷˡ
ŷҹϨģ˵ʺȥˣǲҲʱҹԵġ
ӣطGĿζҲģ߰زˡϾֻҹ
һعӣһϽͻŷߡǵطGǰԼ˵ʮܾϲζ
˼ˣ
ŵŷĸܹܵһ䡣
ܹ׹ԣϥһͨڵϣˡ
˲òʺ˺üͷ
״̬ײǹȥˣû׼ŷøꡣ
ȵŷ˳֮ӣͷһ۵ƻ𰵵ů󡪡һµˣǲ˯̫ġ
Ȼ濴˲ᣬҲͿ˰ʱңطGѾˡ
ϴ˸þһЩͿʺһ׵ֹ϶ҹС
طGһ˲ǣסӣ֡
ȵۼǧ󹬱鲼ˣӣ
طGʵкܶࡰݡ
ûˡ
ʮܵʧȥһλˡ
ǰĻʺҲˡ
˻һţҲ޷Ǿô¡ԽߣԽùµ
ڣȺһ˼̻
ȺƣҲȺ

ϵҹصģҹĵƻӳ£ɢ
ŷԴȻʺȥһ꣬иȫޡĴŷزһӡ
˵޵Ĵͽˣ֮ȥŷ
ŷ¸֮أֲȫ޳ͷģϹɥ
һز˵ĺղ쾡µķ˳мζӵʹ֮ͣŷĵλҲҡֱϡ
طGĬĬسţӣԱĬĬչ
طG˰Σְס֣æҲԡ
ӣáԶһá
ʲôʱ죬ȶôҪ
Ҳ˴ǰʱ򡪡ȥǷྴ
˵Ҳ
ʵֻǸڸԵįˡ
ûж
Ҳû붮

ӣ񡢶˵һﱲǽ
ȫˡ
ΪطGЩ
СӵĸǺܴġһſطGϥˡ
طG˵Żʺⲻãơ
ʵϣӣͿ˾ΥЦ⡣
ʱںҲס˶ӣŮҪ˵Ҳʲô¡
ӣůͰ˪Ϫѹɤ˵һ飺һׯȥԽԽƵΪ˿Ǻӡ
˶٣ֵŮҲʱׯϵģֻҪúչǺӣЩ¶Ůׯϵ˲ġ
֮ǣ⡣


753 ̧ȥ

һ˵ʱ˶ֻǺӣȷȷʵʵֻǡ˳¡
϶ôˡ
ӣˣ
˵Ǻʵ̫ͣǰҲûϸð˶
ǵÿʱһ˾ϸġ˵һʼǵӴúƯ귨ˡ
ʼֻǸӦ˶ΪҲȵʾһȻͶԺȥˡ
˭֪˲һƤңҲѵúܣ̶µĹ⾰Ѿ˫¡һֺûϣһƴס˵ʱӵĴȡ
Ҳ˸ˡ
ⶼˡ

ׯ⺢ӣԵʵϾ
ӣ룬նԻʶ˵£˼
һ¾ˡ
һЦһе㲻˼վǸСʱһ̬ӣĲ첲͵ʲô
ӣҡͷԸô˵أ
һһıǼ⣺ģ굹ҪˣȻ˶ôꡣ
ֻЦ
ӣ۹ŮɨһȦͷ֪粻ԸԼ˵˵Ǻ£ֻأ¶һһڻؾתضûˡ
ͷ
ĸŮ˿һӣ̾һ˿ĻǹȷʵͦġֻǽոҪ븮ˣôƫƫͷأ
һּ檣ȥҲҪʲô
ӣҡͷô˵ܱĵšĶˡ
һ˵ţһӣ˺ƫร޼ϵ飬ɵþ͸еһͷۡ
̧סԼԴʲô£
ոó֮

ﱲǱȥʱطGЩᣬȵ񡢶ʰǱ֮ӣ
ӣͿؿڵ½ģбīաһСƤȥµӡӡ
ʵⶼõˡ͡ǺСʱ򣬾ڰ껳Ҳеġ
ЦȥָΪҵ죬Ȼ뵽¶Щ
طGˣһ飬ŵ޻ʲô¶ء
ͷǻʺ󣬾ôһС¶ܰѵˣ
ӣ˵⻹Ϊϵӡ
粻ԼĶӣŲΪء

طGûζ룬ֱӾ˾ϡոýȢ
֮ǰʲô۶Ӷڡ
ȻˣҪʵϲŮˣȵո븮֮ҲԺ檰ˡ
϶ʳ檡ּƷ𣿡ӣͷСʵ
طGصвףȥǡ
ӣĲϵЦ⵭˼֡ȥ
õĺ
ҿûá̧ȥ
ôһϸūţԸµĵ˵ѹˡ㲻ϡ

µףۼ뿪ϽǣԲ԰
кһûˣԲ԰ﻨģҷ԰Ũʱ
ȵһ·֮ӣھ̵ĺ֮Уһڴ¾һ
ﶼƢĲľ㡣
ǴȻķҷϢ
̶̻ϽôҲﲻġ
ȻѾ˾ǣ˾Ĵ԰ֽˡ
طGɵΣ˼ˣɵؾ˵ʱʮΪ࿱顣
ڶ෽鿴ʵ֮̽ѡ˼أո౨ǰطGͽм֮ش͸顣
鵱ʮֻ֣̿˵ʲôҲϽܣֽˮһƽ֮ش֮
ˮںӱ̫ɽ´ˣطGĹЩġ
طGٳٲֱزһطGѣֻúӦ˵ܵܡ
طG԰ľɵؾ̾һпǧ
Դӿĩ꣬սȻ״̬֮ʮֵܼ֮ɱıľ档
Լ౻ݺС
ǸʱǸɷɾͲٻˡ
еֻнСĺ޵ĵ͵
ʮ֪֮ġ
ףȻֶԼҪ͸Լ鱦أҲĳġ
̽
ǻֲܳ꣬ҪнӼ̳˵ʱ
Ժĵ֪ο
ͻ֪壬и顣
Ǻ͵Ķأأ
һˮأпΪ
Ͼڵңʲôпܵġ****Σ
ɱ裬ƪΪ£ֻھλϵǸ˵һ仰
ܸһУջһС


754 

ɽɫܸ⸧οеʹ
֪ǲ
ӣľͷ֣طGڿʼ˹࣬Ͼ֮࣬ȻҲдʫˡ
Բ԰оסʱдˡԲ԰ǡԲ԰ڳ԰֮޷ۡӴ԰ҲȡȻ֮Ȥʡ֮ȶ١㣬ַǱԼ
ǴƪԲ԰羰ˡ
д֮طGԼʮ⣬˳ɲᣬӣҲ˺ü
дЩʼǸӣ˺Щȵ֮󣬶õֽƽɼľˣɻ
ӣʼֻÿʼģء顢д֡١ͻƶС
ʵҲûлʦǺΪʵ۵Ůˡʦǲܹʱ䶢ſġ
ʺ͸˵ˡ
ǳʱ޼ɵĶŻϵӣΪ󲻾
Թֻܹ͢ԼľȹճһȻ󷴸ϵ޸ġ
ֱϾˣˣͣ¡
һʦۣҲȤ
طGָʺ󻭻Ͳһˡ
ӣһ߿飬һ߾̲סЦ
ʱЦˣطGֻͣеĻʣֳĶЦˣЦˣ޾ͻˡ
ӣףԼФ񻭣йͳַФʵǲ׵ġ
ҪһЩȱȽϴͣҪ֤ͻһ֪˭͸ˡ
ȵطGһ׻ˣӣ˾ɵˡͿʼһźƶȻǱȽϸߵġ
涼һģһĵۣӣСڣ硢ϸ
͵Ů˭϶ס
ҿװΪϵݡʺĳӺݻֲʧӯƮݣоµĻۣӡԽпδͼҲǻʺõġ
ĻʹһҲ֪˭ˡ

ӣΪһģҲͰˣ˭֪һȥ鷿ͿطG֮󣬶֣
ӣ߹ȥϵĻסˡ
طGԼͬһϡ˵Ѷˡ
طGͷң翸һ·һ߻ͷӡ
ӣͷỨ档
иŮ֯һԺũҷޡ
ΣطG±ʣ΢΢һЦ
ӣԼ޷ǶĴ󻨣¶ֲʧò΢Цãͦá
ҿ滹һƮƮĵطͯǰϲأ㵸һֻŻ֦÷¹ͨʯСš
طGְӣԼߣ߻Ƕ仨ɵؾЦˡ
ÿ
ǻ

һ˵꣬һ߾Ҫʢ⻭ȥװѣȵװˣ͸ʺ󡣡
ӣ˲;ˡԼͷ϶ôһĻɵƵģĸóȥװѣ
ǿطGϵЦݣûȰҪǾǲĵĻİɡ
ĺ«϶þûõЦˡ

һԲ԰Ƴ·ӵĽ඼
ۼ罥ڵ˾³ڡ
ӣǵȥ¾գطGٻӡǬ幬һͬʫƣ֮ţʳݾ磬͸
˽Դϲ
ǽϲˣǸĳ˵Ǹߡ
ΪסϽھڵصѡϷ˺ܶࡣ
Ȫɽʼ԰ĸ̨¥󶼿ΪǸѡ
һ죬ӣȸطG԰ڹĵȥȻų԰ȥǸɢġ
֮࣬뵽ңֵ֪ܵǸߴһˡطGɫɵ
˸׵£ʱЩͷʫ
ʫ죬ǽ˻
Ǹ߹ҲЩӦũ֡Ϊֳع԰֮Уķ˶ôִɴװš
ƫƫĲ˶ŷһףͱ£ɫִһԵòײࡣ
ȵ󣬻СС֡
ӣ˼һ
Ҳʱӣ˺磬Ͱ˸˹
ҪˣҲСӶ¡͵Сּ¡
еر񣬲ҿǺܼٵġ
͵Ƕӵ˼
ôһ˵ӣˣ¶ǨŭǸСϣԲȰѻ˵ǰ棬ζԼϡ
ӣ΢΢̧ͷչ룬ͷѾ׹ˡ
˵ıӰһƬλƵչ֮С

֮һʣµʱ㲻ˡ
ۼӿ쵽βԲ԰æ޵һ±İĻˡ
ȻŲˣǾȴˡϽǸ̯γɼУߺ껭ȹϲ¡


755 ӭ

ΪҪˣ̵ĸūҲϲѣڵĹءŮȻ׼Ϳ֬Ĩ۵Ĵ磬Ҳͷʰĸɾˬ
һȥ˾ǳġ
ӣǻʺȻסڵۺ޵̵֮ڡ
һµȻΧĵʵʾ̣ܶм䶼ͨͨ߹ȥ
Ҫô
ݷûֻ̫б˹밲ģȻûҪܵġ
Ըȥ԰档
Ǳߣ鷿ʦҲ֪С缴ɻ飬鶼Ҫ׼ڿҵҲɳһЩ
Բ԰һˣصذ˪Ϫˡ
ӹʵȲûжԶ˵Ǵһ̵߽ӣע⵽ˡ
˪ϪվһŮ֮УǺܳġ
ȷʵǸСˡ
㵹ҲͶ˵һͰ˸ôˣӣ̧ͷü
֪϶ҪʶƵģû뵽ô졣
վԱߣŶ¶һˣЦݣ㿴˪Ϫɡ
ӣͿС˵Ĳ࣬ܿǸʵӡ
ǰ֮һ䡰ūŸʺ밲΢΢
ϾһϸּݣȻܹڻʺǰΪ磬Ǿġ
ģڽ֮ǰŮҲֺúý̽⺢ӡ
Ȼ˵⣬ʵǶ˪Ϫάġ
⻰˼ӣҲסϾǰ磬ԺǺ
˪ϪȻֻ檣Ҳų
ӣʵ¶ʲôǶܽͨġ
СԼǰսսΪ̫͡
ͬһٶݵŮõĴһ˵Ҳȫһ
ڹԼǰǺ׼ո϶ϣŵɫ˵״Ρ
ôΧֻ˵϶ϹȻŮУԻʺη֮ġ
ܶʵǵ⡣
ֻǵλǿߵ͵⡣

ɡӣ̧̧֣˪Ϫ
˪Ϫûվһ񣬼վԱҲͷˣվ
ϸּ빬֮ǰҪ浵񸮵ġ
˪ϪѾ˲ݵ΢Ҳûס
ʺʹ䣬ůůŵöһ裬һ裬ůġ
ڷŵĸɻζѬ˳
ӣ˪ϪȻ͵˵ĵǲף
һ⧲Ա߶һ£ȵ˪ϪӦ𻰵ʱͿѾùŮȥⷿˡ
ҲУƣոչϵġ
һöѾŹŮǣһֻ˳
һֻӣͨһ֪Ʒ
Сܻ֣̿ӣҪģҲһա
˪ϪϽ˫˹
΢΢˶ȶ˫֣˺ľʹ
ԶתƮݣƣ֮Ӵ֮Ʈ˳ȥԲ԰ĺϡ
˪ϪΪȫעڵϣҲտʼôˡ
Ͷ˽ȥ
ӣһţһ߾뵽˺統ڻӸĿͼϣص˺ôϷ԰ӵλá
ǺϲϷģÿÿϷг̬֮
ͺСﴵʱһȻҵģһģһ

ϣӣѵõھ̵Ŀⷿʰ˺͡Сʱߡ
˵ùЩⶪԺǲ
ҲΪأӣҲ˰ⷿƷ
Щǳãһֱģ˵˻ʺ֮󣬴ӽɽ˹ЩҲûд򿪡
ʱһֱ
ȵ۴Բ԰İʱ򣬺ѾǺСĺˣӦҲ˺ܶࡣ
ӣΪӦǺ
ʰһŷִ󲿷ʽĶǺġ
кܶߣʱֻǿһۣϲֶˡ
߶ոոµģдŹķûв
һ붼ûС
ӣڵƻ³סˡ

˴ǰһգƾͻӸ衣Ųʷȥۺǰ
ڶ죬ܹܴٶʮʮոĸҷӭߣúŮӡ
ȵ˸ſڣոĸڶѾӭ⡣
һ쳹׵׵æµ϶ڱʽӭȢ˺
գ϶ڶ֮Уصȴİĵ
ǶøİᣬѾǺˣ޹ȥǺ
϶ȴü۵ףɫ
ԽڶİϲԽǾ
ϾİѾĶһ
ƫСӰɡ
϶ֻôοԼ


756 Ϸ

飬ӣΪʺһҲûЪš
ȵеǶʱص̵֮УҲ̱ˡ
öŹŮǹǸʺȥͷϵķӣͻȥ˺ðʱ䣬ȵˮϴɾˣӣžԼơ
ͷһ԰ײ԰׵ġ
ǵʱʱԸ̫ŨױΪŨױһСģͻϡ
ǸʱһŸɸɾġ
ڲһˡ
ױŻԵһЩױģ䲻㲿ݰܣҲһɫõģ
˥ϵķֽߡ
žӰһ¡ϾҲŮˣĸŮֲأ
ȵϣطGǰ͵ص磬˸һ硣
߱ūźۣͺӣһûһ˵Ž¶
ǹ꣬ǰϲ£ѵõ÷طG˵Ҳܰ顣
ֻ˵磬ְѺͺͺҲƷһ˵˵⼸̫ƽүǿĻӡ
ûвμӶյЩˡ
ӣţȻϷҳĸо
ǵԼԽǰ֪ı־Ͽһо˵һÿ˵Ļٷ֮ʮ϶Ƿϻ˵ҸָȽϸߡ
ʱᣬտ˵ʱҲֻһЦ
ӣȻ˵һ⡣
ϻҸʵûаϵ
ҲǷϻ࣬˲Ҹ
Ҹˣ˼ɣҪУȻϻࡣ
Щ֮˼ɣҪУΪѾQ˸ߴǱıԭ
ͱطGӺʱ޼ɵ˵ʲô˵ʲôʲô㷢й
϶аɡ
˻ϣǾǰ漸꣬ɽȶ̫ƽ֮׽ȫԼ
ŻֻΪɥˣͱȦ顣
ܳҰһƬȻΪ˶Դֳʵǲ׵
طGѹᡣ
ǻϣôô
޺Σ
˵ףЩС޲һɰ˰꣬ˣΪûĶˡ
طG֮ı˼ʮ꣬Ϊһ첻ı
ӣתָطG죬Աߵūż״Ѿ̣ȥˡ
طGĺã˵ңֿʼ˵֮Ȥ£һȻûͣ¡
ӣҹǶס졣

ȻϺͻʺԲ԰겻ˣϽҲҪһװ
ͬ껹Ͻһ
̫ûʸŻһȥԲ԰洺ﶬϲǶĺĺ
Ǹˡ
Ͼһ簲֮
ǽĶ䡪һȦ·Ҫ˱ӼⶼƵġ
Ȼûס
˵Ѿܲˣʱ˵ССżз纮һҩˡ
˵ͺѹյһݡ
ɽոչ꣬ϽǱߵˣܵԲ԰ɥʢԱžʹһ
üһ
ҿǹų¶ҪȻĻں簢Ĵ飬ԼԲ԰һƬϲ֮У
ȻطGֻӣ䣬Ϊʺ󣬿հ˵¡
ģûٶʲôˡ
ܸеĸգطGԼѾǸˡ
御
˵ף⻹ΪȻʵʵڵġϡˡ
ͱȿһ꣬빬ʱҲ磬Ըԭʺˡ
ڿ꣬Ѿ˺ӡ
طGǿʮųˡ
м˽ʮĹ
ʮǰĻʰʲôģطG֪Ҳû
ȻЩ˶֪
ƾһ㣬طGʼջǶһݳľġ

ӣʼȻɥǡϾɣ󰢸ҲȦš
ƫƫ⼸˼ѩⱻһѩѩؼ֮С
ôһȥһȻԲ԰ϽǲԶ·ϵʱҲ˲١
ӣɵҡҿôȥֻȻ嶼
뵽Ͻס˼
ȥˡ

ȻʬڹԱһȦһӵūʹš
ԼҲӡ
ӵ·һ߿ߵϷ룬ǰ벿ʣѤã벿ȴһΣʵ
ΪһŮˣɷӱµȦӰѾˡ
Ͻ飬ƫƫҲֻ
ʱǲòġ
󰢸Ͱ˰һӮ˵ĻǷޱȵ̫ˣ֪޾谵ʵ֮ڡ
в㺮ĵǣҲΪµ۵Ļʺġ


757 ҵ

̫飬ӣٵҲǺܸп
ߵ˶࣬һȥӸܵعţס
꣬ؿա
۳ŴѾˡ
ô캮ضҲһɲشԲ԰һǶ£Ѿ֦ͷʤˡ
Բ԰ʶ밲˵ѾñӴͷϣȴ·һյͷΡ
ʰ겢ûж̫ίΡ
ȴƽƽġʰȻúõλϣүѡ
ȴû磬ⱾѾѰζˡ
еĹϣŻƽ
ϲǸӣٵһȡոŸոսء
ȵūǶǲˣӣŶӵ
ͷģסԽϲԽΣա
ů֮мžĸԶһʱ˭Ҳû˵
˶٣ֵӺܸм
ӣͷһЦ˳ԱߵҩĨ̫Ѩ
ȥˣҲЩãôѵýһ棬Ȼһ˵࣬ҲЩ˯
ӣֻܰοĶԼ˵ҲǴɡ
һ߰Ħţһ߲ŵǶ׶ӣܲ㣿õĹߣҲܿЩⱾǶ˽ģҲ㡣
΢΢һ̧ͷĸס
ѾɫԵЩƣˣ΢΢ͷ۾пϡ
ġ
֪ġ
ҪȻͲ˵ҲܿЩĻˡ

϶Ͻ֮ӺĳһСֱӽ˪Ϫӽ˺ڡ
ʱǶڡ
ԴɥԺ幬֮УȻԣҲˡ
Ϊ˺ͻʰʾͳһҲһûжԶڽ̫أֻԵŷӣ嶾磬Щۻƾơ
ǹˡ
Žյڻ˪ϪҲԵòôˡ
ֻǸ檣ȥո밲ʸûС
ƫƫŽĵ죬ү˸϶Ͼ׿ڵȥ
˵̿ǲܵģǼȻ˸ЩǳҪԵġ

Ժ˹϶ǰ˪Ϫǰȥ͸϶밲
ɡ϶ϵҲûɫͼƣֻġ
϶ϴһŴƬĵװ޷ϵװζǵġȡ󣬻ס
ͷ֮£һſǳи
νͥظԲ˵ľǹ϶ݡ
ֻԴӳ֮Ҳ֪ǲڸ̫ţѡŮʱҪٷһЩ
˪Ϫֻ֮վһԡǲµģǹ϶Ϸ˻
϶̧ͷϲɫظ˺üȦּүµġ
Ů
˵ֻǸ檣϶ţﻹЩӦ
϶ϵ
ԼҲֻǸŮӣ˵һ㽿۵С

Բ԰һļ续
ľɫˡ
ӣѾüĻʺڣڡʺλһУóеһУνˡ
ԽߣӣԽ⵽ʺгķ
һ塣
Ƿһ塣ǣһȫ
˵طGǰĿǳΪϽˡ
ôΪʺӣ룺ʵαǸϽǡҡ塣
Һͣˡ

͸ִ˺Ϣร޼ϻˡ
˵ﷴӦ൱أ޼춼ˮĸηθ³ˡ
ʱ˵ոΣÿչȥ޼ϣչ
һչˣǽһµʱ⡣
¶ڿ޵ո
طG֮ǰҲӣ˵Ǻƺͦ޼ϡ
ʵƽĶۡӵ׸ϲĸŮˣ뽫̫
һΣټذѺ͸еů˼䡣
ǲ죬ŻʰԼû䶭ϡ
޵棬ζҪġ
οϵȷ
ŵʱӣطG˵¶ž;òˡ޼ȷʵͷǿһЩ
Ҳ˵Ͼͱѹ̧ͷˡ
˵ˣ˵¶ɻľǿȡ
ǿŤĹϲţˮǿͷļ淴
Ǻӵӣһ㣬Ҫʱ˲Խĺô
طGƾŻʰݡһ¿ɺãԵ÷ҪƲ޼Ƶġ
ĬĬط˿ӣӹūǵ־Ӳ˲죬طGѾţӹʢ˫۾
۾ϱһ׼ȥӵģ
ӣȥһţҲܹ
ЩϸСŮ˼ҪȫᣬҲͲӺˡ


758 

Ӻʮ£Ϊ߽սƽţΪܹӱݵյ߽鱨棬ǰԲ԰Ͻǡ
ۼΣһ·ƺƵӣڻʺ֮Уһ·ȻصϽ֮УָūװֱӼϴһ£˯˴졣
ԽԽˡ
ʱɫѾˣӣԺ۾ŵӵĹ㡣
һƷ𡪡ϡѵõƷ֣԰òײĹ𻨣ɫ͸ụ̋ζ쳣ŨͨĹ͸һ֮⡣
ӣţͿ氲ͥԺﶼһСط˻ܡ
𻨶ڻϡ
ÿ굤Ʈʱ򣬰ҲͲ쵽ˡ
˵ĴգչǶҪ빬صġ
޼һЩ̥ҲȶˣŶϾͽȸʺ밲
氲ô㣬ķǳ޼ϱŮϸţһĸԼ¡ĶϣһţһߴΧľ¡
Ŀбӵǰ棬ÿżǻͷϸһ´޼ϣõġ
޼һ·ţһ·ţλʺʵǻǱ֮ۡеĲร
ȵϵǻ֮Ϊ˻ʹ
Ȼʺɥĸµλá
仰˵ʵʱһ춼ûո
һҲո˶ʮİ
޼ôţ۾΢΢˭Լƾˣ߹ͬ켣ˣǻһЩøеġ
ٲᡣ
氲ողŽȥ޼ϾʶԼЩ뷨Ƕô޴Ц
˵ԼУʺ񣬻ô
ͷβʱǿŶϣЦᣬͰס
һʼԼУһЩע֮󣬻ʺôûдԼˡ
޼ϱЩΣ˭ȵ˵ʱ򣬻ʺȴʹͳ
Ǹġ
Ҳᡣ

ʮһ£߽Ƽת¡
һʱ䣬ϰնʼĻ̻̣׷
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طGΪΪ˴ͷӺگ׼
һ־ǽʱ䡣
ҪսλֱΪڴ󳼸ʹܶ
طG˷ֱΪ˾ߴ󽫾Զ󽫾һǧ˵ı·һǧ˵·
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һߣʿиֻڷ״̬
˭֪ʱͻȻϮӪأնɱǧ
طGع֮ŭޱȣѸٷӪս
ˣ󳼷Ӣڴ֮ӣҲһԱϽˡ
ʮ꣬һΧ֮Уз˿ײʥݣ۵ν
ڣҲ׼ôʤ
սɳ꣬һβҰڲ£νܴ衣
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󣬵ȵǰߣǰ沿ץ˼׼
һƹ֮£Щ²У֪ڰ̩æżΪ̫ൽڻûмϣҴʱ׼ڧŮһӣˡ˹ֳ
Ǳ
ϲһǧѷĺûᣬǱȫϱһӿٶȣֱɱ򰢶̩δϵ׼ȴϣһټ򵥲ġյ룬֮͡ơ
ʵɳϵľ飬ȫԱһ˻ġ
Ե壬ӵù㿴׼ģǸڱѩܵĽǡ
ڰ̩Χȫܡ
֮£ȫͨˣӪ
ⲻһͨӪغͼĵ·һ֮ͨ·
ɹϢĴӺ׷ɱġ
ǵٶһ£ԼϤĵΣϻѾ׼õĻڣͻǹ
һݴͣһƣڱǱ
ɹ׾ٵؾ׷˸ʼնɱ
ȫûһ·񱼣Ų·һڽ£ǿһӻӪء
߻µĽֻʣˡ


759 

౨պִﾩʦ
̶̼ʱ䣬طGն԰ȥҲһȦ
ĿĶŹĴǣͷȼһѻ
ԽȼԽ󣬼ҪһȫƵġ
ɺޣɳܣ
ǧϽ̰ʤ˻Σ
Ȼһ仰ûȥ
˲Ȧס
һܣʱƽ֮սԪ˧ԾʮʿԹǰ;
ңҲȳƽ֮սö١
Ҫ֪һսʳ߳ɣ˳ɣ
˵ȫ𣬲ޱȡ
ĽʿǾӪռһı˵صɽ졣
ӪļҾСھʦҲǾӪɳפɽģʿļҶھʦ
һսôˣζžʦͥʧȥһλж
⻹û̸ڵݹϵȥ
ӱ޶ǣǴˡ֪ǰ߲Ұܵľʦͥʹ޵ͬʱøֹϵķ̽ǰ߾Ϣ
˵ʬף򱻴ǰԴԴϵ˻
ʱһֱӺףеľӪǣǼҼһٰɥ
һʱ侩ʦף˹ТŹո䣬洦⡣
һƬѹա
طG֮ǰǻĵŸ˹һ߻õġǡΧ·лͼ׼ļƻ׽㡣
Ȼ鵽زټ׼ñˡ
ض⡪Ͼ˲ҵԪˣ

ӣȻĵ氲Ҳ֪ܲµĶ
Żʺְ𣬾ľ׼ż꣬£ӺĳϦȻǲˡ
춼ҰᦡԵ꣬Ҫٸûһŵƽʣ߸æŹ꣬Ⱥ鼤֮£˵׼ᷢʲô¶ˡ
Ͼˡѹġɲܡ
һδսսıʵ̫󣬴ﵽ߳ɡ
壬Դȶ֮ôսսʻûгɡ
ʮ콫սɱ֣ö︨֮¾ޡݵӣһȳ乫︣Ҳˡ
ϣطGƣ氲á
˵ʲôʺ
ӣһͷе˱վȥסˡ
ûʲô˵ҲûʲôԿȰο
ҵʵǰܣûеڶ·
ʺ󡭡طGסӣ֣ԼԽ߬Խ
ʹ֮࣬ˡ
ӣס֣վ߸֧һֻһһĦطGĺ󱳡

һƬҵĲ԰֮УӺʮϢصˡ
ӣԽʱ֮󣬳Ϲɥ⣬ҵһˡ
ģеΪɷɱǰߣؽ۾޻ˡ
еĻеģҲΪʹȵºûס
˼伲࣬ԽԽࡣ
طGּʹ͡
ۼѾ֮󣬶ݳݺˡ
ѾһûԼˣֻǽ߾ȫΪʰǣֵصĴڹֵҹ֣ްи
طGڱܴ֮࣬Ӿ;ûΨһİο
Ѿ۵ţ״Լٻ϶ʮ꣬з̵Ļᡣ
Լʱأ
׼ĵӾȫڶˡ

ʵҲǺͣȻŸյñӣȴҲ˲¡
ͺ෴Ȼүˣ۵º͵ӣûкࡣ
̶ֵ߰Ȧˡ
۵öѪˡ
ʱźͣҲɵòʵҲǲֻۣǿŰˡ
źͲ̬֮䣬ʱͷ·ÿ˻ʰʱӡ

Żʰԣ˵һ¾ʰ䲻⣬Դ山߽й
˵ճ˵һսôҲһҪϢϢ
ƣϲС˭˵׼Ԫ˵ʱٳһѾѱ߸أ
˵˫ƣ˵Щһ
Ǿǡǿ
֮УǿûоԣԲǾԡ
οʷ˵ıߴʱ׼Ѿﵱһ⣬һֱ
طGһţһ߾;ó⿼ǺǱ㰵иҸּ⣬Ϣ˱
ʵҲȫ֮߷ˣû뵽ǣı͸Ԥˡ
ͷ⧲Ȼ£ٽɹţ͢зơ
ҺÿҸ֮ǰ˳͢ԮͰ׼䲻طʹ׼


760 Ů

νǺ֮ͨսһƬڴĵһϢˡ
һĴʤҰĲĸ㵱ͷһսҰܺĲŤת
ȶ
ݱ˾ǣһƬ裬д֪˴δʤܴһԭΪ֮ǰԤУټ϶Т˳ףһʱڳޡ
طGԴӺ֮ͨսµľĶ֮Уܵһ˿ο
ոյõҰϢʱǾǿĲң˯ž
һɫĶӣҲ˰졣
طGЩᵽʿˡ
ʵǻӳɫΪʰǲеġ
ϾŵԼѪ
ֻܸɣֻ񡢳ѿĻӣŻûʰев
񣬺͵ТطGǰο

ѵһЩϢطGһŶˡ
ƺǰһݻȥȫ˻
԰԰СŮŶ̴ͽӣߡ
ӣסҲТ˳Ļʰ֮ǰΪҰܵϢߣ塣
ŮߣûʰϺܶġ
Ŷ̴Ը֮Ҳвͬ˼ְ
ӣ뵽ĶŵӣŹȻ⺢ӵԸʵҲġ
þһŸĸ
Ŷ̴ϾǸСޣӣԴСֵοԼŮǸס
û죬Ŷ̴ͳױӣĴȹҼߵĶҪš
һ죬طG³֮󣬳ⲻů֮ʱӣŮȥ˺滨԰ͻ
ζŨһȺһȺĺ档
ƹɽ߲˲ʮȻ
ͤһһǻֲ̿Цݵľ͸Ϲˡ
ӣһˡѵ³԰ǰһǰȥ԰һˡ
˶ߣòóÿ
˻ϵˣ˻ϵ¡
ֹأȻûз˵һֱôġ
ȴܹɼ϶ǻˡ
ʢԱߣĿɨһԱߵͽܣͿǰ̫еɫĵͷ
ʢ΢΢ƲƲֻδЩЦЩϾѾˡ
ŮԸѡˣοһɫ˥ӣ
ҪܵóĻǱۡʱҲ͵óˡ
Ҳ˵ȵǰʱ
ʱ飬ĵȵ˵ʱ򣬷ϲЩͬ˵ɵطȥ
ҲΪ˷£˵˵£ɡ
˵ˣЩˣǱǶŻôľڡ
ǽһƽ⡪仰˵ڻϵļϡ
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ӣ͵˵ͷҲûʲô̧ʾ
طGüһۡƺѰ˼ôôðں԰ˣ
ɷ羰
ôҲǹ˶ˣŻֲͷɫ϶پЩ²ˡ
ߡطGֱס߻ʺ֣߾Ͳˡ
ӣӣǣŶ̴С֡
ۺһǣ֣̫๬Ůȫˢˢصͷˡ

ߵɻرߡʱ·ݣҪȵ¼䣬ܿչ
ֻغҶˮһƬӳҲһ¡
Ŷ̴ϲԱ߾С֣ӣͱȻ꣬Ŷ̴ҪҶ
СôһԱ̫ȥɺҶˣһ͸СժһƬִֺı̺Ҷ
Ŷ̴źҶˣԱ߾͸ɡһЦ
ȻӺͶﲻһüȴúġ
ôǵĿЦŵʱ۾ﶼ·Сǡ
ɰˡ
СӵЦǵģطGŮаЦɵøҲչü΢Цתͷӣ͵⾰뵽˴ǰӣǱۡʱ򡣡
ӣ뵽ʱոʱ
ǰŮ㱿űŮСʱƵġ
ǶˡطG΢΢пһ䣬ЦŽӹʢ˫ֵ۾
£԰̫Щ۵ġ
ˮߴľˣԣĹһ㣬С룬һһӷʹ
ѾЩʱˣ̫ҽҪ
Ļÿնôӣܿס۾ҲԲ
۾īɫƬģĴ룬ߵ롪ʱǾԵݳƷˡ
˻ǣطGһֻж͵ľӽ죬Żʹīפƽʱ򣬿ԸӴݵع۲ԶĻ


761 ǧĿ

ڹʱ䣬Ŷ̴ӣߣÿ쳢ŸζС㣬Ż귨ĵǰǰĿġ
ĵСǧۡҲԶ
ټһĵԶͷʮ
ΪŮϲطGص̫ҲԶصصɵС־ܹĸ߶ȡ
Ŷ̴ڻ귨ȥˡ
طGԸƣ֮ʱҲվǡʱŮһԶ
Ҫǵڸߴˣﶼ԰Ѻ԰һࡣ

ԶīطGΪոһյĸǿۣɱĽˡ
ǣʼռ۾á
ֱһʰĵ֮У۾ڵĵǣƷҲװΡ
ӣΪʺ󣬹һĵ޹ط֣طGȻѾİٶั۾ˡ
Ըϲ˳۵˾ʹ͡ĳǰΪ˵ϲҲõʹ͵һ۾
۾ؼҾ͹ˡ
ƽġ
ӣĵ¶иЦġ
˵ЩϵĴΪܵ˻ϵļνطGֱǽ۾
Ȼǽ۾Ȼжġ
طGĽӶ
ϳǵȻʡ
ϣϳҲ˵ʣֻӲͷƤڱϣּظж
ŻϵʱϳǶˣҲֻŬװһ۾ʵ̫˵ģ
طGܸˣۣ֮ĿкãΪã
Ҫõʹ۾ҾúܺãܺʵĻ˵ͦõġ
޿Ǹ˰
ӣĬĬ
Ϊ϶۾Ƴ磬Ӻʮ۾ȻĪĳΪ˾֮еĳֱرʱеƷ
󳼡׹ݡǧСǶʼ۾
鲻Ҫؼ۾һ˲˿ͺǻˡ

ʮȵ׼Ǳһжʱȶ֮󣬵ۼݴϽֻ̣صԲ԰
Բ԰ĳΪɽˮ԰
Ͻæµ£ٰ䣬òȥľԲ԰ųϵļҡ
ǻϵǻʮ꣬ٽڽٰø¡һЩ
ʵӣ뵽ȥʮ꣬طGÿԼնôعһǾûҪҲûʱ䡣
Ͼһ˵ʱҲ͹ȥˡ
ӣΪʺԲ԰ĿⷿʰŵԼĲףſžЩˡ
û뵽ԼıʼôŤŤֽžһ
Ķٶȶܵ谭
ǵõطGһֱ˵дԽԽáкܴĽռ䡣룬ӣŷӦ⻰ʲô˼
Ŵǰϲףڴµ΢ЦһЦһҡͷ
ײǲףҲǼ±ȥڼǲ׵ͬʱԱ߻ķţдµյ顣
ӣһ߿ţһ߾Ϥİ·ãã£ʱһͷվһԼżֺ棬һͷԼ

תۼ䣬ٽѾǰ
幬֮УҪڣڣٽڡ
ν١ָǻʵۣ̫ϻʣ̫ա
񣬹û̫ϻʣҲûл̫Ȼٽڱֻһ
˶˵پ帣֮ȡǧ븣»ϲУ
ٽڼ䣬ȫ½ֹףǰղǵ̣һƬϲ
˻ӡҡǵĺ֮⣬̵ϣҲǱɫ⡣
ĵ翪ϯ֮ʱǰȺͬ磬ŵ˺ǹף
𿪹ϰŶǶƽֲСססƵط۲޽롢Ʊ
۵ľһֻƴˡ
ĴֱףڱʩԣĻ淯Ƽֻƣʩɺʣɫ״װʮֻϡΪ롰гԢҲǸ
һٽڣͬ硣
գｻȵ֮ӣЩпͺͺŶʮˡȫȫȥ
ϯϻȥģﱲˡ

һˣطGûգǰ͸͵ĶӣԼĳ˰͹ӡ
鷿ӿԸѧϰʦҲնˡ
ͬʱΪ˱ʾԼûôƫģַſ˶鷿Ҫ֮УֻҪԷҪĺӣԸϵݸӡ
ʦ֮󣬾Ϳ԰ѧս
մ˻Ĺˡ
ӣ֪ˣ̲סͶӵͻôСھѾ˰˭ҵĺӣ᲻Щ̫ˣ
طGЦ͸һ˿꣬ûж˵ֻסӣ֣ʺ𿴰ۣʵϣǽڻߣܿˡ


762 ʶ_

֮ûã鷿һӭ˾Υ
簢ȻҵĺӲʱҲεΪɹۡ
ǿǼСİǣΪûмյĶ֮УҲƽĸүˡ
Ʃ翵Ķʮİ磬Ѿǳӹˣãһͱ
ֱĵúϲ£졣
үҲǣ̫ƽʢһƬ˶
鷿ĽԴȫõģ˻жּȻȲľͽԼҶӸ˽
ӣΪʺ˵ǰ鷿ʢŵȹ˼꣬͡Ķǣܻ鷿
ȵǸʱֻСʱһԼ屲ǣһѧˡ
СʱĿɰģӣǾĿ
ǵԼһһָСء
һֱڣ磬ʶľǺӡ

طGڶٽһûˡ
Ӻʮһ£طG̫ɶ
̫йŴʵ۵̫ĳʱΪҡܳΪáغʱΪ̫
ʼʱ̫ǻʵһֱϵרż볡ֻлʵ۵ȱ١
ǺйڽɽĻףͻشڹҵĳӣʵҲ̫Ĵ
Ϊ˳˵̫ϵ
̫ʱһ쵼ֻˡ
ʵۣԼδĻʵۡ
Ҳǻ̫ӡ
ոմ̫طGͽ˺µĲ¡ֵ置
һǺͺ硢͢񣬻иոձϮһȲĶ̩һ𣬲صΪ˳置񴦡
ɶ־ܴ£˴
µʱ䣬·ݵʱ򣬺ͨ置һϵԲٰ죬൱ḻľ飬֮ǰϤ置
ʰ꽻۵ʱ򣬸˵˼·Ҳˡ
طG֪置ҵıԶ֮أʵϹϵȶìܣС
¶ʷԨԴƾøӣ̸ڣصԶ
ƽġ
طGڹӵͬʱַַȨöһΪãԷ置һģϴңڵһʱƽȥ
֮ԲٰЩ£ҲΪúڴָиˡƽѵȸĹУ置ղĴ󳼡ͳ˧ĥϣγĬ
ȻʱǽͷöǴӳǴкôġ

ǰʮİʶ_Ϊأϵ˼֮󣬱ӻ˾ҽΡ
ġӡҲʱһˡ
ʶ_ΪԼһֱʱعֱ־һ㱻ĥԣ鳹ױı䣬ڱ˻ְڴֹȫ״еģ
û뵽ǣıЩҪ졣
ҲΪزʶ_Żᱻٻ˾ǡֵ̫ҽϡҩġ
ⶼǻֵĶ䡣
ڻ·ϣʶ_ؿЦֶһҪȵġ
֪ȲҲһҪϡҩȫȥġ
Ͼǻ֡մһ֡֡
ķ羰ƶһһӹʶ_ע⣬͸оӹĲǷ羰ҲԼĴ껪
꣬ԼҴҴϻأȵıʮصˡ
شӢ˲ֱԡˡ
굱귴ǿġհ꣬зʹǰǣϴĵǡҲЩס֮ڵдǰˡ
ֶ꣬ûһշɹӡ
Щϸܵ˿ֲĳ̶ȡƩǰ꣬ɹ˴˼ֻţ͵ʶ_
ţ㲻ʲôΪʹɹ¶㱻Ͻǡ
Ӻ꣬ʶ_ݰŸѵķݣֽ֮ŲһַС
ӹȥùƷ̲ס
˵ףҲһмĶ԰޵İ˼ͻˡ
ڶĿСʮİȻʹ顣
һзƽ
Щ飬ȫΧܵĶĿдϱʵ۵

ôʶ_Ҳ׵¶Լˡ
νϲЦɫڻ֣λߵϺͳǸ
ȴ˽еıɫ
ʼŬȰ˵Լ״ǰһУǰö࿴ķ𾭣ͼڽ̵ŬǲеĿơ
˼רŽѧ塣
չɫ굱һʱ
ҲǱһ־ˡ

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طG󣬿ѱʮĵܣҲԼǰȻ뵽˵ʿϣţԼϹµʧһĻ
طG΢΢һ˿̵Ļȡ
ʶ_Ų˶೤ʱ䣬¸˸Щˡ
ⲡѪǲڵġ
οһ·


763 

طGǰֽʶ_ˡ
һʢʢͽнӹӣǰ
ʶ_£ֵڸ֮󣬱˴˶Ӵš
ʶ_ǱطGСʮģΪƲ־ʱȴ·طGͬˡ
ɫͦγ̶˵طGᡣ
˶Ѿӻˣ̫ҽԺҲ׼ˣطGҲӣͿżɽضʶ_˵˵ѾլӸ׼ˡ
ȥͺú¶û̿֡
ʶ_š֣̿֡ü΢̺ͳһ
ʱŵӡ
ǰ˵ӣһѣһĬԡ
ʵƢʵһ
Ӳ־
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طGǰþʮĵӡǧ˰ӻרѵɣ
˵ˣΪΪܡҪΪǺð˸ɥôʮҲÿ޹˰ɣ
𴽱ߵЦĿת˹ȥطGȴʶ_ϣȻѾղЩɫƴδϲ
ʶ_ϣԵԻ԰ּҾӣδ£䣬֪𷨲˼飬֮ǰǡǰ֣ǳܺͿأɹػߵл϶䡣
ŬͦѾôֱؿͷȥ
طGĿػصʮĵܵĺɨš
ʮĵܿڿֻƺΪϡ
˵ʶ_ֵһ£δü֮࣬Ϊ֮ҡ
̧طGƽ޲·̶ˮΪ˸ʥ
˵Щʶ_һͷ

·ر磬Ҳ
ӣھ̵֮С
ŮѾﶫϱĸǶ˱Ͱһһɢ
Ǿȡ
֮ǰ̫ɥᣬΪʺ󣬴ͷβٰüΪ񣬶ʶ_顪߻λรü⻹С磬С񡭡
һŮ졣
طGȴͷβûзһλֻ۱ֻۣûʺԼӹչˡ
ҲûС
ӣף£ԼֻʲôδţװƣҪֲõѡ

̫ҽԺʶ_԰ȥرС
ǲɡѷɫ
Ѯʶ_ĬϢ԰御
ֻһС޴룬ҵʹ޲ֹ
طGԲ԰Ϣ³ոʺš
ӣȻ޵棬Ҳ汨ɥĶ
Ͼʮү͵΢ϵ˶֪ԾͷجģͷҲû̫ۺ
Ӳǵȵۺţɥ˲ű˽ȥ
طG֮Ҳֻǻ˻ʾȥ
΢΢תչ֮£ӣԱ߲顣
Ҳؿ塣
ȥӣתͷԸΧŵūţԼҲ˳ȥ
ֻһƬĿռطG
طGһůﾲһһּ⣺ָʮĵܵ
Ϊ
԰ѡ嶫Ĺƻɽߡ
һһſү԰ޣڹߡ
붫Զ
ɽϣߴ۾Ļƻɽ
ǰǱ̲ļӺӡɽˮ壬ľïܣ°֮ʱֻˮ
ƶУʵ۵ķĹΪꡱ󳼵ķĹΪޡĹ԰ޣӦѡɫߡ
ʶ_԰֮Уõȫǲߡ
԰޵汾Ӧʯʶ_˴õȫǶʯ
ƾ㡪ںܳһʱ֮ڣӣҲûطGǰʶ_รСӡСŮǵ顣
һֶûᡣ
ʱᣬǶһӻˡ

ֱ˺֡
ͣ㣬ոմֱȥ置񴦡
ӣŵġӣֱĸһޡ
治׸ӡ
źͽ飬طG밲ʱӣϽǻ¶ٹٺõˣҲҪһء
ͿȥǺȥˣɫ֮ȴЩΡ˭æʱﻹ˵ôأ
ֻ޲һȥ¡
æתҲûš
Դӻʰ׿ּ⣬Ÿһȥ置֮Ҳʼıߡ
ȻǼλϳʱ򣬾Ͳźķڷˡ
󲿷ʱ򲢲̫ʡ
Ǻ绹Ǹ˵ġϲ㣬࣬ٿء
ΣܵһЩ£Ǳȵĺá
俴ţ֪ͷȥ罫Ȼ϶̫ӣԸŬǰ̣ҲܳΪһλ˵ϻү
Ͼһ٣οһֵܡ
֮ôҲǰֲҳ̶ˡ


764 ѳ

Աź͵ǵĺܡ
˵ܴˣھܶı߶մϡ
ʰƺҪͺ͡糹׵ĸ뿪
뵽֮ʱԼǼͿ¡ͱ˻ʰǰͻڲ
±ˡЩֲأЩһ̤̽䡣
ǶıôصĻʰ˵ݲһԴĳɱͿܵķա
Ĭź͸ıӰ
С͸ֵкġº岮ҵСһһкһҲˡ
һֱΪΪֳԭ
ڣź͵ôȴһһľıȻʰ굱ɫܡ
ջһġ
ſסһ˵ĲʶѧʡٺãٶԴ֧֣ҲδؾͰٷְ֧ߵ㡣
ҪƳɣ˵׻ҪߵĸԸΪо٣Ϊأ档
˵ͦǻʰУ͸ҲС
ѳɡ

ȣһطGûʲôθڡ
еݣ죬طGո³ӣ˳Ϊ˽Ľ衣
ʽ̲ƴ͡
ʽտʱΪɫڶɻɫҲɢʧҪݲĻԵժµĻáݳĲ峺㣬ڸиɿڣҶ
طGͣͣӣϵӲ˲ָȾϵī۾ݸʢյһڡֻڷ㣬ƺƣҲһ롣
ӣҲЩˣԱطGͿˣԲԲ޴˶ӻʺĸٽ԰һۡ
һ˵һЦؿӣ
ӣ˵áϾŵ˼ҹŮĿӡ
ֵ˵ͷ
԰ҲãЩ˵飬Ҳһȥ

֮ǰʺĸ˾ͱӽ˹
ʢöͷȥӣǽ͵̾ͺƺƵֻûԲ԰йռˡ
һ·ţһ·ʢԲ԰еľ¸ʺĸ˿
ʵ˵ʺˡϵǻѾôЩˣԲ԰еľ£ڵģﻹû

طG͵֮³֮ûغ̵
ذѿռøӣˡ
Ҳˣϡ嶼ΪʺԵʵõ˻ϵĶ⡣
ְھЩȻͲ˵ˡΪⱣʺȻûдﵽȮĿų̶ȡ
ӵĺôʵʵ˲ٽȥ
ʺˣΪĸĸȻ;͸ˡӣİԭְλߣֻǸƷְ٣ͨ˾Ҳ顣
Ůһ·รʹʺѾǳ͢еĶƷԱǰŸո˻ؼҡ
˵ˣȴ˼主ڼҺŪò
Ѿֶĺӷ׷ϳˣ˼鹺ٹ⡪嶼ߣһ֮ơ
һ·˾̵ģҲ֪̻Ի͵ĵãѴѾ۾ˣȺò׵˵ۺ޹ڵľһ·϶ūųţѾˣæתͷܽȥ֪ͨ
ӣѾǰڴеˣʱһվȥȥӭһԸĸ
չأʺޱȣʹǸĸŮĹϵҲùġ
Ѵ˺ѷ˲ΡΡĸҪͱӣϽסˡ
ֲλˣȥŮѾ׼õȲ衢ġ۽в
û˵仰ѷѾʼᡪղ֪£ԼѾˣһһ档
οŮ޵ֲѰ˼ңܼһҲǲ׵ġ
һߺȦһŬ۶ӣ꺮ѣŮ˵ʱ̬ҲСʱһˡ
ӣ߲ѴˡüеֶҪ͵ҪΪǻʺĸˣ˼ɣĴ
ߣ˿Ҵҵ󣬷ƽ⵱ȻǺ¡
ǼҴҵҲлĻǣһȫ
һ˼ɻ䣬һ˶ñۡ
ͺñ¥¥Խߣ̮ʱʵԽԽס
Ѵͷֵ֪֪ⲻ
˵á
ֶεطܶϸֵعԱһֱ˵֮ǰı߽ս£Խ˵Խࡣ
ѷԱߣο廰ûӲò׽һˣ㵹ֻԼʹ죬δͻʺ˵ϼ仰
Ѵ˺ٺٵֻЦһ˦Լߣʺø˷ˡ
ѷڹŮǶѾ˳ȥˣһ仰ֻӣʺ㡭һɰɣ


765 

ӣһȣʲôʱĸĵЩ¶
ͷͶѷ˵ģһɡ
ѷŵ˵ͷˣ΢һ£˿ĭѹʥɻðɣ
Ѵ⻰˵ԽһۣŤͷӾͼɫصʣ
ϵ״Ҳ̽
ѷ˱ôһţ̾ͱ죬һڨڨȻز֨ˡ

ϴ͵ص޹ʱѷѾȥˡ
طGȱūźţϴϴһ·ڵţһһ߾ӣĸ˹
ޱҲŵģ·ͬ㰢˵ְӣֱϣе
ӣЦЦͷԼʵǴԽԭôأ
ǾǴԽģϾԭҲֻǸСʮꡣ
Ѿ˴뱲ˡ
طG˵ɽһ˵̽˼֮
룬¿Ӿ֣µĶа㲻عŻʺʱٽ԰
ߡ˶٣ӣ͵ѷ˸ӽ԰ôԺӣһܰٲɣޱּ⣬ǰҡֻԲ԰һЩ
ӣ̧ͷͿǸǰһ庢һĶԼ˵
ɵؾߴչȥˡ
طGƿǰ룬ֽһֻϸţǰҲûôңô񷴶Ƹأ
ӣıֻۣǽռŰꡢǶ࣬Ѿͷ׷ˡ
طGͣٵһ˲·仰ʲôƵġ
С
΢΢ϣļͷοס򣺡쵽ˣʺ⼸ǵ˿գ͹ϼʡ
ҪٸʺĸҺˡ
ӣҪлסˣǻʺõõġ

Բ԰֮ת˲
طGĵطھ⣬ФУţꡢꡢꡢ꣬ɻʵ׼ݶǲΪݡ
ǡþˡ
طGżλӰ磬ǣ°ɫʯ飬ϵƽ𷽰ʽ񳯴̳ݡ
ȥʱǰʱ֣ŵʱѾѾֳ
ڸͷϣػڻʰߣ̧ͷҲաƵգޱ׳
һ·϶ӱ޵ĸţ׷˸
ֻкһ·ֻĮĵįǰ·;
µں棬ΧҲֻģָ֣́ǰȥǰ档
Բ԰֮УӣΪͳĻʺѾūھ̵֮׼˰ʽҪõĶ
Ʈﺣġ㣬Ƣ
ֻŻϴصͿֱӴˡ
ӣϸһ¡̳ļҪʱģټһһ·ϵڡ
طG粻ˡ
Ѿڻʺǰ˵ŸףĻҲв˽׼õƨ
Ȼʺ裬δӾˣʺƽʱִ󷽣ԴչǴӲ˿ۣ֮ȻʺλʱҲӺùࡣ
ټҲˣ֪óǷҲ͸ˡ
ôˣҲףʺһ˫۽Ŀ𿴴Ҷƨ
ɵ˭ģ֪ġ
һһ£Ȼҷ˵ﶼǴһϣư͵ģҲס
οѾСˣѹڡ
ǻʺں֮УţʣԼֺó
ȥ֪ߵǻʺǻأ
ĻӶǻʺӡ˭λĸ̫ʥĸ̫ݣɻʺռ
û顣
ں֮УȻûг谮ҪΪȡ
Ȼ϶Ļ̫ٲȾɵˡ
̵;ƣΪ˱ȥԣȻǵƣɵƵò
Ϊ˰ʽ¹Ʒжʮ֣ľŷƵС±
ʱܶģõȵϻۺɻʺ͹ˣλϵˣÿ˶ֵܷһС±
ϻԲ±ֱһ߶೤¹ܡͼʮӦ
зˡ
зҶ죬ȵῪʼͱŮպףһ£һƷз⡣


766 °Ѫ

һţŶ̴Ӳߣȴ龫֣ػصڻȥ
ʱƤͣС棬ػص׷ϣֱ۵ˡ
ֻһζغСӣһûע⵽£ϥײӽϣЩ˸ͷ
ԱߵŮæס͵ùǧģ
վˣЦҡҡ֣ûϵûϵ
޵ʱӣԸһŹȥչ
һȥǺЩͷ
ͣʵҲЩˡ
ӣҲƼˣеظûŽţ
Ͻӻصûʺˣūû¶ʺﲻصūš
Ƽˣȴһ뵽֮ǰŮСʱ벻ˡĸˡ
ڣŶ̴һһĳ󣬳һÿɰСһչˣֵĺܡ
Ƕ綼Ѿɼҵȥˡ
һµĺܡ
˵ӲТ˳к϶ȲŮϸġ
ԴӼ֮ͺǣҶ
ʺ޹֮УĶūšǱϾȲСŴĸҳˡ
뵽վߵǰ˸͵Ůи뷨Ŷ̴Ҳˣ½ߣ߸ҪչˣŮڹ⣬ʱʱТÿÿ뵽ǣҵĺܡԣŮ뽫ùûصߡ
ôһ˵ö
һ֮У֪ö곤ŮѾǻʺߵͷŮ
ͻöضͻӵڶˡ
һǲġ
ǲ֪öӣ֪ö˴֮ꡣ
ö֮жǾϲͻá
ӣתͷЦ΢΢̾һأ
ǻʺˡ
͹£תͷСӺӣۿ΢صػʺĻūšū߶ǣҵúܣūŵƾʺ
˵ͿͷȥȻûˡ
֮У˾͵ЦŽ
ôźС񣬿϶׼̫
ҲɵġɵƾŹȥ֣ʺҲ㿴
Ŷ̴Ѿվס˽ţԱ߿ţһִ˹
һıǣסŮС֣ͷùҪˣŶ̴᲻ã
Ŷ̴ԥһ£Ȼס˶䣬е㲻˼ĵ˵ͷùͦãҲ̫Щ
̲סЦ
ӣҲЦһЦһվȥ
ղϥһӽײĲᣬվЩǣöϽǰȥҲֽ߬סһֻ
һ߷ţһöʺܸпصȻͻɣ

ۼ¶죬ӣھ̵֮У֪ΪܾЩ
ôʱ䡪ҲӦûˡ
Ͼͺ͡Ƕȥģ㻹ҪźĴ󲿶ӣҲӡ
վڴ֮˼˾ͰСӽйȥƣ԰ſȥ
СҲͻʺһʱϾϵİʽʺūǻҪš
ȻʺﻹŻ׼
СӴżС̫һ̵ľͳȥˣǰŲŸոճȥûһӣ˵ľ
һӾվˡ
Ҳɫһʶʲô¶ľΧ˻ʺߣֲš
ֻǰ̫ǰŻŵĿŵطGһ°۷ͺʢһŻ
ͷŲģһͺȾƴѵ˻һ
ӣ֪Ǻġ
ǰͿɫ
Ҳˡ
ǼϻѾһأӣǰȥոӶзطGͿ°ϾȻѪ
һ£ʺ;ʲô飬뵽ﲻ˵ĵطԸ͵ʰغ޹ȥ
תŵµص֮Զһ·ڣƣ磬ٰ֮졣ʱ˶Բ±Իȥա
ǻڵϣʱʺôһԸһԥԥվ
лѾˣһ·̧ͷ
ҲλһʱͲס̧ͷһ·˲ȥķš
Աߣ״㵭ʺķԸѾ˵ˣʲô׵ô


767 ʺ

Ŀ죬ȥҲ졣
һ֮ǰūǣѾ壬ˡ
̫ҽǸղŵۼݵԲ԰ſڵʱ򣬾Ѿȥ˵ģʱȴ֪Ϊʲô˻ûӹ
ӣɣת޹طGڴϣ΢΢üѾָһЩûȫѡ
°ϵѪѾźūСĲȥˣһСĿӣѪš
ȻȴĻѪͲǡˡ
λ˵ΡӣôҲ벻ͨʲôλӣ
תŶӡ
͵ͰȥŶһ顪ԭһ·Żʰȥ£·һж
Ǳߣ̳һһ̨ףȥҲҪһЩʱ;
Ϊ˱ʾϣһ˵ʵ̳ݼʱЩ̨׶Ҫȥġ
ոռ񣬺ڻʰ棬ĿֿʼҲһ¡
ۿžͿվסˡ
ʹСǰ˫ȫ·ģӦ죬䣬ǰȥһѳס˻ʰꡣ
ĻʰԵ˳̨̳׵Դ̨׵ķϣֱ롣
ˡ߬ס˻ʰ꣬ûȫסͷ
طGǰһһ£°Ϳ˼µĮ̇ϡ
Ż°ϵ˿ںѪ
ӣһţһְطGĶͷϡ֮һƬ̣˵طGʱڷȡ
ⲢǼ򵥵ãȻˤ
Ϊ˲֧ʵ£Żˡ
ǣϴ޹ʱӣǵԼطGһţһֱ˻ʺ޹ſڡ
ʱǺúõأһ·˵Ϻӣһ¶
ӣüͷ壬һһطG״
ʵԵһǣ˯ܲ
߻仰˵˯죬΢һܽѡ
ӣȻͬĻʺ󣬵ҲΪ֪طGص㡪ӲԸ˯ôˡ
ʱҹˣطGԣ̾
ʧߵˣǲʧߵ˵ʹġ

ڸ״ͷϣֻֽ׵ֽͷۿ
Ŷ̴Ҳŵˣڶƹƹȥſڻʰߣغţ귨귨
ĸֹҪСӸȥӣҡҡͷֹǡ
̫ҽʱҲڹˣһУæľ͹ʺͷ˵̫ҽԺ⼸ڰҩҩĿ棬һԺǽ壬̫ҽǵֵҲʱ˵ط
Żᵼ¹ȥǵ̫ൢʱ䡣
ӣǣָű͵Ͻ
̫ҽƨĸϵ˻ϴߣһʱ֮侲ĬŶ̴ڻ귨ͷģʱ򿴼̫ҽҲµ˿
ӣǰ̫ҽǾͰطGʧߵ֢״ָǿһ飺ҹ䲻ޣҹ£ࡣ
ˡ
̫ҽˣһ߸ϵ˿֮ҩһͷ
ҩڴ֮һطGѾ࣬Ҫ
ӣæǰȥסļͷ͵ϵģ
Ҫʱ˵ٰѽûùǿ϶ϵġ
ʢѾֿϱ˵ӣطGڴͷɫȻ㲣һ˫ȴǸˡ
̫ҽһȦɨȥ̫ҽȫ꣡
ӣѾˮ˹طG֣˼ڣȥԾΥͣδĵΡʱȣ̣»ʺģδʺδ֪
ʱʱľͷСȣҺܿȥˡ
ӣԱģ˵ʲôζͺͷһӡ
ȥ궬
ѾӺʮһˡ
ô˵Ѿһʱ䣬طGʱʱȵ֢״
ΪӣӺ󹬣ûа취̫ҽ
ۣ£ȻġҲܲĵһ㿴ʱ䶼ûС
ô˵ֻһֿܡطGԼҲڻ伲ҽ
Ϊ̫ҽˣó˲õĽۣԾͲȥ¶ͷڹϡ
طG˵ˣ̧ͷһվԱߵӣ
Ȼӣһˡ
̫ҽһһߵͷⲡ֢Σʹ֣ವűűٲ˼ʳˡ
һ˵ţһߵԱߵͬҽεķӡ
̫ҽطGȴӣ֣ʾ
̫ҽæԣʺóһ
طGĴͷʾӣ£ƽʱһְֽԼ
Ϊ̫ҽԱߣطGûӣֻһӣ֣һʺ󣬻ʺ°޲¡


768 ֵ

˵ʲô֢ʼȷ̫ҽҲֻܰűķơ
ȻűطGһʱŶ̴ظȥˡ
СЩֲ֢ס
οİŮ
Ļʰúܣһ·һ·ͷ
ӣļ򣬽ͳ̵ŵʰĻҪˡźӻȥʰܺú
ǵעҲǧҪġ
űǻᴫȾ˵ġ
ӣͷ֪ġ

֮У̫ҽϸظϰ˿ֲ֮쿴˻ϵĲ֮к׵ĸ
ⲡ֢ԭ͸˷ˡ
̵֮УɬҩζԽԽŨֱ
ĹǶɴ
⧲طGĸ󳼼͹һξվ֮
ͽǰôһҪ£˵϶ؿԣһõģ
˵˯ˡ
źӣ
ʺżĻϣҪ̼ȻģȴҲסġ
ֻǸߣԲ԰ҹſ磬׷ڻʺ棬͸ӣϡ
ʵһӣԸߵһȺŮյľʱⶼˡ
ֻصùûڵʱ
̵֮УطGҩ˯£ӣСԱ֮һʱһֱġ
ʱֻأɫҲ谵ľһ
Ҫ˯ԾͲˡ
ŹŮߵſڣϢؽӹ̣üСţſ밲
ʺý̧֮˽ȥ
֪ʺȻŻ򶨣ʵĽǣֻѾҪѹˡ
˷ǲľ顣
οүôԻʺǳ谮
˸鼫á
үʲôʺֻҲ
һ뵽ȵۺ͵ĵʵǸٵġ
Ը챣ӣӣƽƽ˫
ߵʺߣͿʺѾһˣǼԱߣһֱŻϵķ
Щ򵥵ĵģͷСڡ֪ʺҲθڳԵʲôˣԾЩʺƽϲСġ
ӵһЩôһֱȥĻūֻܲˡ껹չأһֽȥһ߾̧ͷӣ
ӣȻտգһ㶼ûмĸܣ˵ûطGٽҲҪԼӡ
չ˵ǵˣô죿
ӣһֻɿͽСɿζ֮⣬ﲢûзǣڸ壬ɿŨ㡣
Ҫƽʱ϶Ҫֻ
ڣӣֻҧ˼ھͳԲˡ
ҧʣµӷŻصϣԸԲ£Щˮɡ
ȥԸ˹ŮǣһѾŵĽһˮ˽ʺϡ
ůﰲˣˮŶ

ҹʱӣȥطGҴӣִͷͷȶѾˡ
һϲæȥ̫ҽ
̫ҽǱǴ粽ֵ棬ͽȥˡ
ǿŻȣ̫ҽϵҲûʲôϲõɫ֮ǰ̧ͷֻǶǰű֢״ȣܶġ
һʱȣ˵ʲô
ǣΣܹȣǱȷҪõġ
طGʱҲˣӣԼԱߣۣס֣ȴ뵽ԼűⲡҪȾġ
ֲŸոȥ˻ʺϧ壬Ҫż
ӣµľЦЦޣҲˡ
طG˶٣¡
һ˵һЦʱ򣬾ͻᳶ°͵˿ڡ
طGɵ۵΢΢һüһ
ӣ͵Ͽ˵ˣ
֪ү˹ūѾõҩ˽̫ҽǰ½°˿ڵİһŨŨҩ㡣

һҹʱ˵̲̣˵ȴҲôҩһʵѾûʱˡ
˾̵Բ԰ߣһ·ǰ͵
ֵĴǶǰֵΪϵĲ飬ҹ⣬ֵƻͨ
Ҳڴ˴
ɫʮأѧʿ̲ס̾Թ֮δ統ʥߣ
֮ǻⲡǲűΪ۳ġ
ƣۣŻװٲ֡
οűְջԸ˵Ѿ֢״άôˣô߾ûһ˴Ⱦأ
ǻʺ˱ܻϳ谮ҲûбȾ


769 ݵ

һ֮ǰһ겻ģ˫ػصڷ߶
һߣߵۻң£԰ꡣ
ȻͣµĽŲ뵽ʲôƵģȥںͶ˵˼䡣
ɫ֮Բ죬վŵܾܵ˳ȥ
籾λϵģʱתͷĿλһǰһ˳ȥ
ֵ˵䣬̫ѾɢȥСԺ˵ԭ֮ǰĵʱ˵ǶһڵĹԱ˵ʮóѾʮˣɣ̬ӯ
ۼˣѾ͡
Ϊ֤صصڵطΣʮʱȢһС檣ڶһӡ
һüʮꡭȢӣ
ɼ֮ˣϧǰѾʣطδǵһռֵķʿڽܣǶѣַʿԶӦ飬óСְɡ֮ơ
ʲôɡۣ۽ǵļⲻɵس鴤һ¡
ǵúǰʰոյǻʱҲһɷҩ֮ģǺ
ԴȻʺͬҩɱУʰ뵽±䡣
Ӵ˾Ҳûˡ
ûᣬԲ԰ЩҩĶ֮ɾ·һҹ֮˻ʰļɻ䡣
Ҫǰɫѿúܡ
ң֮ǰҲǺܷģһֱ˵ЩҩﶼжԡһʱǼ񫣬ջ۵Ļⶾ֮ɢɲġ
¶û취εġ
û뵽ѾôˣԼܵܿһۡ
û˵ΪڳֳȴʰⲡΡʵǴֵ£׻˵ǳҽʲô飬ôȥ˽Σǲɣٰ˸򷢻ȥҲѲʲô򡣡
˵ˣ̧۾ź͡
ͷûк͸ߣֵվһ𣬺ͲѹҲѹ˲١
Ŀ£źƽʵصТģΪβԼ˵
֪Ϊʲôôһ˲䣬Ȼ뵽ЩЩ顣
˵һǽ廹ϵˡÿÿź͵ʱ򣬶֪Ҳزȥˡ
顣
˵顣
һĭԲֵǱ˶
ԭǾ̵֮Уʺ˼ŷصظֵصĸسͼλŹ
ʱȰףɫȻѾŵʱȥ̽ʰҲԶˡ

ȵ˾̵֮Уʹͷȥʰ밲´µ磬ͿʰѾ˷пڴͷ֪ں࣬Ǻҩ
ҩζŨһ;ĭɿɬˡ
͹Ǹʰꡢ밲Ȼֵֽ¸ʰһ顣
˵Щʱ򣬺ȻΪӣȴͺһҪرܵġ
ӣҲˡ
ſڵĹŮǼʺˣæ밲
ǰһͰԼ뷨ȫ˵һ顣
ӣʲôɡ֮飬ɫˣźֱҡͷ˵ﱾͲЩҩ֮£ʰꡪǰҲֹ˵ġ
ֱס˶⣺ǶôŻʰܿ𣿱ǲҩǼֵʿ԰ҲǺõģѰҽҩԭҲһĵ
һż˵ЩطGůĶվԱߵʢֵȥʲô
ʢӦһҴææľ͵˳ˡ

ůмžһ磬ڵϣͽֵʿŻʰ˵һ顣
˵棬ʰ겢û֮еڴﲻɵЩҲһЩӡҲǵǻʰĲ飬ʲô׵֮ʰ𷣶ӱǡ
طG磬Ŀɨ˹ȥ
ȻǹڵϵͷҲĿԼԴɨȥĺ⡣
ľ
ֻʰ국Тģǻ¡ֻǹ¶ԺĪҪᣬһαˡ
˵ס˻ͷЦһ
һЦͣúϵ亹ˡ
طG֮ǰԼļʿǼ꣬Լ͢ҲȱԱͶãԴԴϵƼνиĵʿҩʦ
طGҲЩ˸Լǿ󣬲ûʲôɫװ׳˲ٳɷֲĵҩ
뵽һοڱѪģطG˻ӣźȥա


770 

ǸɵӣʱҲ˻ʰĲͷ
Ǳ˸ˣϽ˳ˡ

ͬʱҲֵйҽ飬ϣܹƻʰ֢״
ҽû鵽ʲôȴʱἰ˵꿵ùĽ˪
Ҳǹ񸸵顪֮ǰʱһڽʤ֮ʱΪˮű
յȣ
е񸸽˪ϣ˲óȻϷãʱļλ󳼡ҩǰǰΡ
ȷҩЧƽ޶֮󣬲ŸϷ¡
ȻҲ˵ȫҩȷʵõġ
ֻ¶Ѿȥ꣬꿵;УҾģš
ǰ죬̫ҽԺ̫ҽǶû뵽ⷨӡ
˪ˣطGܿ첡㲻ٷˣҲôˡ
θʼղ
㲻ɡ˵ԭҲʲôҪ¶
۵ıڴϵʱ˷ѵʱ⡣
ⲻողкתطGֿʼûûҹۣˡ
ӣ۵úܣȥ߼Ȱ˵
طGҲǲģֻһ
ӣ֣ȵΧūŶ˳ȥˣӣֱ̾һʺ󰡣޲ǲȰǻʿ꣬βⲻʵΪǵĺͣƶȣǿʢҲ£νǬϦ衯ͣǲòΪ
ӣַס֪֡ĺ«˵Ҳʵ顣
ϾǻʱͲˣȽڿǺͯʱѾ˵λطGʱ䲢ࡣ
ԸҲߵĴ˵ҹˡ
Ҳ֪ҹ˵ģȴòΪ֮
ʱĶ
ӻƽգӵеʱһϣһġ
һΨʮʱ
طGһסӣ֣Ŀǰŵɨȥ
ɰʪţոдµռʱҹ©¶ģ飬Īɹֻ֮Ҳ
Ǹֱ̹ܶϵ˵ףҲӵҽ⳰
ӣεĵͷĿעطGֱָϵָģֱͬһĴС
ɣĿҲǰһ硣
ǴʲôʱֱԽԽأͺղȵĻ裬Ҳûʢ
ӣ˵ʲôζֻͷֽסطG֣ҪڵĻֵܰһЩ
طGֻǿЦδءʲôӣӣôеʱ򣿾ʮУܰ޷ֵżΪޱֻʣһˣ
̧˫ӣֻѰʮ¶
ӣ⻰Ҳֻܿɬ΢Цôķˣǵõ꿵ڵʱдˡ伱̡ĸָطG
ʲôҪ伱̡
Ȼּ̲˵ˡ
طGϿȥĬԣгǸʵĸʤ¡ĲŵԸĳ̶ȡ
ô궼һֱˡ
ͬʱǸǿҵʱȸеˡ˵ˣǰԼ˵˸ĻԼÿеʱŲǡ
ˣӣԽ֮ǰڹ˾ò١
ְϣְܿˡ
ȵʱ򣬼鵥һëҲˡ
˵ףᡪûа׳ԵͣҪõʲôҪӦʹۡ
ס
ӣǰաʵѾǵ֮¡
طG³΢΢ƣ
죬Ӱµ̳ˤʱΪԼһιȥˣʧȥġ
گҲѾҶˡ
Ԧ죬һҲڻҲ
ӣطGô˵Ҳܲˣ־סطG죺꣡

̫ҽԺУ൱һ̫ҽҩͺܱءҲ⣺Ƕ=Լҩиʲô̡
ȫ̫ҽˡ
̫ҽǲҩֻǺƣôʹʲôҲ˵ɱѷֻǲԼʹҩҲȲ
طGΪӣСߵĶЩŵ
ȵ΢һЩ֮󣬽ǰڼù̫ҽ˹
ҩҩģϤ޿ҩġûƵЧطGЩˡ
ЩŲҪκҩ̫ҽǣطGڵоŭһͨȵɵôڹʲôΣȣ˹ǣߣ޸ǡˣż尾ʲôҩʲô붼ûˣ޽ͳͳᣡ
̫ҽһɫҰףˣڵϱ㲻סͷ
ʢʢŭæؾͽܹȥ֪ͨʺˡ


771 ʽ

ӣں޹￴ҽ飬ſž;ý﷢š
ʲôҪƵġ
ߵС̫˹ùһ˵ʺӣѻǰ̫ҽǱ׵˵һͨ
ӣһֱҡͷһ߾͸Ͻվˡ
޹ҲǵɫĻʺ󳣷һɫ嵭չʱҴҳȥＱææ˶׷ȥ
ǰطGȻѾ˷ߵĶ㣬վ̫ҽǰ޺޵رһǶ˽˪뵽أ
˵žͨ˵ǻʺݵ
ӣҴææ߽Ϳһ̫ҽһɥŵúӶţʺ񿴼Ƶģ˶תȥ
λȥɣҲͽͽǵ۷ӣ̫ҽǵ
طGһۣûһ֡
⣬һҴҿͷָʺлͷ˳ȥ
ôͷôأӣһֻ£סطG֣һֻգ΢΢İݣκúأͷЩԺȻ㲻ˡҪΪЩ˶ŭԸӡ
˶٣ӻûȫءŭ˸ģǲɡ
ôһ£طGĳһɫ֮Щ͵˼
߹ȥ棬һϴ̨Աϸվӡˣü۷ŭֻһѻ֮ȥ
ʵǰʱЩ΢ġ

΢΢̧֣žԼ°͡
ӣ˹ڲ濴һ˲طGڶԱʲô
˶ˣȻҪݵġ
ۣǰȥطGıסֱۻû˵
طGͷƾͰס֡
˾Ĭ˰ΣطGתӣ˶ȦԼ֮У̧֣һһḧӣĺס
ԴԼϡ
ӣпͷϣ̧ͷеϽտоθڻָһЩŷﶼ࣬ǳ̫ҽԺصؿҩŷӡԪ
طGյ⼸նǺ࣬޵ʺСˡ
ӣ˲Ļ˼ر򵥣
ԼСŷͿĳ
С˵ʳʵֳɵģؼǵ֮˵ַζȵıҪʵܵһζ
طGְסˣЦҡͷȥ㻹Ǻʹǰһ뵽ʲôʲô
˶٣ʺȻˣһš
ӣ˵ֻġ
ͷס֣ᷴƵģһ߽ӵԱһصֻŻʱЪһЪôľźá
˰һš
˵طGθڲӣţãõҲ⼸һˡ
һֱӣ˿ӣ߻ûн
ʢϲ⣬ȵۼǰһѾ˵ףæظС̫ʹɫټһС룬طGȥɡ
ʢĵһۻʺʺ΢ɲص˵ͷһ֣ʾǰȥ
ӣļ򣬾ʺô
ӣ۵ǲۣǷǳ֮͸Ũˡ
ȥЪϢطGһ˵һס
ۺվߣһţһطG˵ʵ깱
ʹԹ˳ҳ㡾ְãǵûʿʱŴʩʹ⡣rж࣬Ѿȷ࣬ʺ󡣡
˵ţһ̲סͿ˼ŵСˣΪǿЩθڣһЩ
ӣסĴźģһţһʵ̲סѿھȰȻȥˣϾųһЪ°ա
˵⻰ʱߵ˾̵ͥԺС
ˮɫ֮£طGͷͿҲ̧ͷԼ۶ǵǡ
Ҳ֪ȰסԼ
Ȱһһ졣

ڶ죬طGϳֻ֮Сһ
Żɫһ糣Ҳ͸Էġ
֮У̵񸮹Ȼܿ㽫ʵĹƷ񵥸ʺ͹ˡ
ƽǧˮţǶٶԣƤţ¹Ƥšǧˮ̡Ƥİš
۾
⻹צϯ죬ϯʮ죬ѲƥɫȵȡΪǳعеص׷飬Ҳ幬֮ѵһĶػɫ
ʵʱÿ깱⣬ٽʵ۷
ѲʢҲҪ׷
ӣ֮ǰҲǲ֪Щ£һֱ񸮶ֱӶŻġ
ǵһΡϽҲƵ˻ʺС


772 

źһѽƷ񵥣ӣſЩ
ûл̫ЩƷս⡪ʹһЩʹһЩǰ̫̫ʹһЩ
ټҵǡ
Ҳǹʩˡ
ӣԽԽпطGΪޱܵ˵˵ʺ񣬵ʵϡ
ҪųֶΣ˵¶طG͸֮ǰɨɾˡ
֮У˿ڼ򵥣ӰҲڻʺϥ¡
Ҳȵڵʱ򣬸ֹϵ̸ڣ鷳úܡ
ÿڣʲôطģƵĵĺ¶ϡ
Ͳûְֽˡ

ΪطGָܾ壬θڣںۿһһӣһҳѣŷ
һҩš
ξкܺõĲƢЧǳʺѪ飬ʳá
ˣֲϻƤ⻬ڸʮ
ֵūţѾӣ֮ǰͰѼķʸͶˣ֬٣θѿ˵׳Եȥ
ȵ׼ˣټ桢Σ飬轣ԲΣ硭
ӣӳտռóˡ
ϴɾ˫֮󣬾ŷܹܴżλĴǣϻ̳ϿֵԱҪʺﶯ֣ӣҲֻҡҡͷǶȥˡ
ְеζϾͿֻƬϣְҩĵˮȥȻסİĦż⡣
һһ߰Ħֵܳζ
Ϲˡ
һֱҪÿһͿĳ̶ȣǴ󹦸ɡ
öӽװ̣ԱߵĻСƵĵϡȻŷòġ
Ҳǻʺơĵϡ
ӣŶζ磬ǻҪһͣ͡顣
ŹŮǣʳ͵͵鷿
طG³ûãӣ˵ʺˡ
ʺ˻û絹Ȱѵζˡ
㼫ˣ
ʢźڻߣѵõؿүͷȻһ¡
֪Ѿܾöûθˡ
Ҳů֮Уˣǰһ͸ĸ밲ӣ˶ӣȻҲˣʾūǽʳд򿪡
طGȸʢһ룺С̡
ͺͻʰ˰죬˵ĿڸأͳԵЦſһ۸ʣѵ¶һ˿
طGЦҲ¶֮飺ðɡ
һ˵һתͷԸʢ
ʢﻹõŻϿڣڸղžʾС̫ȥ̧С
С̧̫ʺ￪˿ڣôСﹻãɳһЩ
̫ǸϽæֿȥˡ
طGԱߣһȻ΢Цӣ˼ȻȰ˵ӣǾͶһܡ
ÿһͳʳʵǾܵϢһˡ

̧ܿ˽ӿȻ󣬵ʵԱŵųֻС˼
ʵ۳ԷǼģ׼ţʵÿٷóһٵˣҪ⻹ʳġƷȡ
طGǻԺ󣬾̫˷ѣ״٣һٶ˼ٳ˼ʮ
Բ԰طӣΪʺ󣬱ھ޹֮СȻôһˣȻҲֻһ
ոӣùŮʳֽõһ󴮿⴮˳
ֱϷһ
⴮ʻƺɫ滹һϣиϸϵҡҡ׹ͣ㡢岻ۡ
Ա߿žЦһЦһͷ
ǵСʱǱۡʱ򣬶ﾭŷ⴮Ը棬ԵýζȴúǶ
տǲʳƷСܳԡͻǵöʱһӲ죬һԴǵģ
ƫƫ⴮ζƮԺӡһιˡ

֮ͯܰУһЦһ߾;ͷһƬ顣
ȻԼҲѾ׵ˣжߡá
ӣ£طGִūн⴮ֵݸͣСʱϲЩ֪
˵ǡꡱǡʰꡱ
͸Ҫл
طGѾְϣ΢΢Ѻѹ£¡
ӣԱߣһʢżһ߿ǸТԼҲ̲ס΢Ц
ǲų˼ڣһ߾طGڶԺ˵ŸǮյ顣
طGոյǻ֮ʱ˴ȫΧ֮طǮա
Ȼʱ׿гЧǹЩ꣬Щͷð˳
Ͼ¶ĳĴҪ־սġ
¸£ͱҪͬ㶫ѲǬһȥط顣
Կʮƽ̨һ壬ǰ֧ܶزֹȣشӴһƬǽ塣
ǬǺˣϤصһطGŶȥҲǴ㽫ʡμյʵһ顣
Ҫ飬ҪļطGһ߼һӼ⣬ֵݵӣһתͷźͶˮ㣬ӼҲҧˡ
վɫ֣عֵף


773 Ӻ

ȵˣӣߵ͵棬ʹӺҲ׷
΢΢ӣ͵ȥ
ǰ󹬱Ͼн֮˵ǡͻȥʵҲ߲˶Զ޷ǵ˺ϾҪͣˡ
һ·ϣŻʰղŶļ仰Щء
ӣˣź͵븣¶
ͳĬһ£ЦЦﶼˡ
ӣ˻֣ʾ˺һЩվ˽ŲŶӾ͵ղС£һȥǣ࣬ȵʹţҪҲࡣѱȴǰӡֵ⣬ҪǵãҪĲΰ¶ƯҪɡʰصġ
ԱĿգֻ׷طGղڴ֮еǷúͶԹԱǿǣ⣬ԲҪ
ڴ
ңҪҪܵĶЩͷźá
͵ͷŶ
ӣķʱҲôˡ
΢΢۾ŵ½жзִ磬ҲģĳԺ󻹵ԽԽӵ⣬ֻŰ磬¶Ͷˮ
ͳĬһ˲䣺˵ס

վԭĿ˶ͻͷԲ԰ǰֵߡ
û߶ã͸ײ˸档
ҫۣӲӵ·һ⡣
һֳЦˣ󲽹ȥʰ
Ÿ߹ķ򡪡֪Ǵӻʰ֮󣬹еؾ͵ܵûʰ밲ˣʰˣ
͵ͷʰкãҲϤչţġ
һǾͺá
˵仰粢û˼緢ԼĻҲӲȥˡ
Ǵʲôʱֵ֮ĻҲأ
Աãÿ·ں͸ֵһǰֵ߹ȥ
һ·мλ󳼴Ա߾ԶԶؿүæ
ԱߣľͿŸ̸Ц˵̬֮ΪϤȻ
촽ֻĽķݡ
һΣʰСһܿó͸λ׼̫ӣڼλسİ£һоȻ
أ
ֻһ䡰ϲ㣬ࡱοԼˡ
Ͼٿ硪ھȻʱʱػڱո»ʰѧĿдء
ˣ괹ͯӶʱ¡񲻿Цֿ̾
ʰƺ
ʰ˼ѾȻҡ
˵ֻǸүǸүôʰȦȥȲֵ֮Ҳܵط
Ҫʲô۽ˡ
ãһ˼ʶȨƵĺôͻήԼ׷׼
磬ѾЩججӵģˡ
ȵٹϼ꣬ٴһЩͻý檣ŮϱոĸţԸСҲ
˵׷׼һͣһҲˡ
һߣ˵ףĻһһڶŸ߱׼β׷

촽Ĭĸǰȥȵֵû̫ǰ֣ԼȰæźۡ
ۿŸȲ裬׼ʱίرʾԼһҲŸȥ
طյ޷ѶȣⳡУٶҲǳ͵ġϾһعٳķ籩˶ܱС
ÿһգ۴С䱳һӵĹϵ
ȥȲ˵ԵطԱѹڹԱǸҪڲ©ʱ򣬺ôҲܶһš
һ˵ţһߵҲڣװ׵ؾͶ˺ͱԼġԼŸøұۡ
͸²յ˵ȴĶǻʰˡ
ʰһ⧲ʹź磬мλֵĴ󳼾ͳȥӭˡ
ʰ밲֮طGվͥԺ֮Уһָ̧֣ź͵ģ޳ȥߡ
һ⣬һۺ͸磬æǣʰꡣ
ʢԱߣҪ׼أطGֻǰ˰֣ޱǰתһתҪڣ鷳
ʢһֹһֻѾ̧ȥͽܡүô˵ˣͲصسȥ˵Ȼرˡ
ʱǰģҲˡ
Բ԰ǰΧ֮ڣдһԴӿʮһ꿪ʼѾ迣ɺǰ
Ϊǰ棬԰ū˽Ҳһ˳ڵĳƺӺ
ΪʰǰԱɢɢ˭֪ʰ굽ǰԱߣŲҲûͣ£ֱָָ̧ͷ


774 ϧ

κĴϣȫūŵֵģʱԶԶļۼζﻹõǰصع˵
ūͳϻ̳ϿֵعһأϿͷ밲ˡ
ǰˮİֲȻʱѾ˰ڣŨǳľӳںˮ֮Уɫɽɫӳ
˴ԼԼܿˮ鿣ӲɽǽоµĻש񡪡ǵúֱȥܿܵ˶ǰסɽˡ
⣬ǰϻԱһ̣һͷͨС
˵ǲ֪Ϊʲô粻һ;ñ϶ʪˡ
ȻҲ۰Դֵܼ˶ܹ֮ʰദĻȴࡣ
ܶʱк͸ǰ档
ֻҪŸ;С
һ紵ĺˮ֮·ƵĹâֱ˴̵ۡ
㷲صȴš֪Լ˵ģҲһͬǰȥ¶ʰ߽ʱ򣬾û
ҲûʲôϵϽҲ¶
ʰʮ塣
ľѳ֣ĵĳӣҲȲѪֵܡ
ǻʰ춼ûſڡ
źʱ򣬺Ȼʰô
һŷӦʰͬ˵
ʰԼ԰ķ羰
һʱúȻ
ֲܲش
ֻ΢ͣһ£̻Цŵ绨㣬͹̤ȥæ
ǻʰдʫʣǰͶġ
ܻı
ʰ۽΢΢䣬ƺڴȰЦҲɼҳСӣ޵ʫϧķ羰ȴЩԲġ
ʫдǴ죬ȴǲ־Ⱦ졣
ȷʵԲϡ
սһЩףЦƨлʰڣļ紺ʥ԰
˵ˣûʰӻ
֮Ĭ˺һ˲
һϵЦݣٶ˵ʲôˣȴʰ赭дص԰ļϧ⼸ʰǲͣæϾÿ԰ǰδδصϹΣҪ˵ǰϵĸ羰ϸϸһˡ
طGҡҡͷּһпϧ
վԭأֻñϵĺһһ͸⡣
Щ׹
ʰղԼ԰ᵽ˺͸硣
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ʲô˲žÿϧ
Ȼ԰δˡ
ʵⱾҲǲʵں͵ĵλ£ֻûڿ˵ˡ
˭û
磬Ȼ
ʰҲ֪
ΪʲôҪôһ䣿
ǻʰڵ
ΪʲôʰҪ
ʰΪʲô߶ʲôĿʲôĴ㣿
Ż᳹װô

뵽˺ֻ߳亹ϸ롣
ʰꡭ
ʶ¡
ֻԶһ£ʰȴ·Ѿµȫ룬µһ֣ס⣺ȥ°ɡ
˽˴գʢͽеλ͹ˮԼ飬ŽӹԱС̫ϵĵӣϸϸλϡ
ԴһСһ͸һЩ
ůӴյĴͶڵϣźʰ£ʰһеص¡ǱոطǱϾطСЩǰ˿ͼ⿴һǰٷ
˶٣ź΢΢һЦ֮ͷĿ񣬿ڴǽϵҪıոǰڻߵö࣬Ҳϸǣͷ¶⻹԰ӣȵⱴո֮һ͸ֵˣǵǣ˴Ҳ໥߶֣
ˡ
ͷȥͷڴհϣֻһɻ⡪֪ˮǴ̦
Լĵصлʰ䣬Ҳлʰ䡣
Ȼ֪֣׿ŴӻʰĿ˵ζԡ

ıոǸ󹤳̡Ҳ͸һ˿ο˵ƽζʰһʹ͵ÿ¡
ߴһǶҲֵ˺ֻǸүûӡ
ǰĹٷǲҪһʱ䣬ټ·ˮߡȵһͷиӵʱ򣬶Ѿˡ
Ҳֱʱ򣬺ڳ԰
˵Ȼ԰Уһ͸ģӦɺƲǡ
Ǻ˵ǺǣͷͰڳһɶ¶ֳܵͷ
԰ʰĶ䣬Ķ̫Ҳá


775 ϱԻ

һͷֲܣɾͿ˺ˡ
ϾǻӵĴ԰ĸ˵ָʹʲôϣȫʾ硣
ͺ鷳
԰ķ羰˵϶ȲԲ԰Ҳһ
԰ӰŽ羰ҲƣǷ½ϵӻ꣬Сˮ˼ңһ·ͨģ߶ǸСԺ鷿
ֻܷȥ۹⣬ѵôڹϺʱͶ˵
˵ˣһεĿЦһ䣺ֳҲŵܵܵĸˡ
ǿЦ˵̧ĵܵܵļ
ǺûûбڵʱԺ磬ҲԸóүļơ
ǰܵܡ
ֻҡͷ

ĵո϶Ϻһ𣬽ʺ밲
˪Ϫ˵ѾСҲΪһ㣬õո˸ˣ˵Ҳûʶơ
ӣ˼˪ϪϾֻһ檣ݵ΢УǱ˫۾š
ٽʺǰһ⣬ûʺļ䣬һʣ֪ô¡
ˢˢڸС
Ǹﵱʲô붯˼뵽һ㣬ҲͶ

ӣڻʺ޵֮УͿ˪Ϫһ·ͷڹ϶ϺһǵĹ
ҲϸǴǰģ
ӣ˼ۡϾѾüӣƾžҲܿĸˡ
϶ϿŻʺ˪Ϫסطᡣ
ֻŬµģ
Ͼûвո档
һ֮УҲʱǶġ
κι϶ϵĶӲ
ߵǶڰοһ檰ˣοϸѹϲ̨ݡ
ҲܷԼ
ǵ͵ո
϶ôΪޣϾҲֻǸС⻰ؾͶֵҲŲ
ֲԼʲô˵ı˶
ֻǿĵȰ˵һոԺūŵֶ࣬˵ǽӹչˡҲͼһ
ѵ㻹ҪոһʺһĴ
ǽĸ֡ˮǰˡ
һΧźӴת˵ףĸչ˵ĸء
үҲǣȻոԺĴƵ
ˣոҪϺҲָտɴˡ
˪Ϫһû˺ӰҲڲʲôˮոúõذһҲԵôˣΪޡ
ȵպү˪ϪȺȥȻһҲ͹ƽ
˵ˣүôӣպľλ껹ǿġ
û׼ŮѡүҪ¸
ʱһ˪Ϫ͸ҳˡ
˵ǧʵܽһ仰ǧ򻯵ġ
һء
еĵǣ˭ôģ
϶ϴĿֵĻЩ
ǶǼʶ˺󹬺լЩֶΣ˵Щ䶼˵ϡ
ŲŷҲѡ
سһ̧ͷŻʺȻԺ޶˶˵ľðһ뷨ʺȻרôֻ꣬ǱϿŵô򵥡
ǱۡʱҲôһ·

ӣ˪Ϫ仳֮󣬸עԼִͷϰ˸ӣʹ͸
ûٶ˵תͷȥʼͺ͵ĸˡ
λոֻԱ߿֣Ȼʶʻ˶ϻ̳Ͽֵվˡ
ǻصǰս˻ʶΨԼشʱ򣬿ڳݲ壬ʧ
ǶӣźôɵؾЦЦ
һ˵һ߷ԸȥùŮЩĽ
۵СģŮ˭ϲ
Ҫǻ˶ʮǰӣôҲ󲻵ǰһĻġϱԻ
ϱˣһҲ֡

ӺʮһĳϦܰƽ
̵õһƬϲ죬طҲף㱨ϸ𡪡ӣȻڻʺ޹ҲطG˵˲١
ĳĳطյʱ򣬷ĳһʮ룬Ԥʾλ͸񣬲Ż˷֮ס
еľʲôþøɺԵĺȻ漣ӯȪ
ȻƨǴΪȥˣطGҲЦ档
طҲ֪ϰЩǧ򴩣ƨǱȥˣҲǧ鿴
ʵǹӱǶƷ֣Сצȡǲֵʱ򣬽ͨĹ֮Уͻʾνסˡ
ǰүʱطGѧʿ顢ɡ춼ͳڸѧʿȵȹԱټһ֣µضԴѵ룺ν˳֮꣬Ӧ˽򲻿հ֮ġ
⻰ҲԵ޹˵ġǺͺһȥ鸣Ǯйء


776 ܳԿ

ڴﶼ
ӺʮĶ£ڴӸˡ
һ˳ȥʵã£ȵʱ͵ůͻʰ㱨Сʱ
ʵ۵ĺܶ¶֮ǰдʰҲѾˡ
Ÿ׵һϸ
ʢ棬ۼͷһһò׵ȵүȰֶһ䣺һûˣȻˣҲȥ

̵Ļʺ޹֮ڣӣҲûš꿪ʼͷĸҪһ
ͷ̫ǶŶӵţʺ𻰡
һܷŽȥһ
̸ʱҲ𡪡еֻǸսȥĸͷͳˣеܻ㱨һյʱ䡣
ӣһţȻöͶߵ˵һ䡣
ȥӣߣ΢΢ҪڣӣѾ̧ͷǶ밲ˣ
ǰձѾطG˵ڻ·ˡ
ĸӣȻʱ̹һʱһʱ䣬ҲӦõˡ
Цˣʺүĸġү͵밲ء
ӣ˵ӹˣʱȸԾˡ
ְϵ˲ϣԱߵϣŹڵϵֵȲظˣű
һ˵һվָţһȥ
ֹڵϸϽŲ˷򣬶Żʺ˵Ϳͷūּ

վͥԺӴ߹һ۽Ǿ͸ӣ񣺡Ӹ밲
Ȼȴܼᶨ
ͬʱҲ˴ǰǼ졣
ӣղŹʱͿվͥԺӵ״ŷ硣
Ҳ֪ǲʰůյ̫ȡ
ȥˣ˵˵Ҳ͸͸ӣǵ
һ˵һ߿Ŷұ΢΢ľǸղ͵дֵʱġ
ӣֽ׽סһڷҡͷЦЦôһ·߹Ҳûô
һ˵һ߿˺ߵ̫һۡ
ŵ͹ˡ
ͰصͷŶĶȻСʱ򡪡ÿǰԺ鷿д֣ȻصԺŵʱ򣬶ҲԼڸһһ
ĸڣԶй鴦
ȻϴȰ͵һޣѾôȶˡ
ĸͥԺеͤ£Ůϲ֮󣬱㴹˿ȥˡ
ӣûʶһ˹ȥɹΣֻļͷúӣʰǶһˣѾ˰ɣȻѾһȥϢ
ҡҡͷڴڵĽһյˮ趼ȥˣŶһЦǶζӸŷˣѧ裬ȴҲѧ衣
ӣ˵ΪԼ˳տռóݷۣҲֻЦЦ
򴽽ǣ΢ſһ²ŵһڸ֪ʰոյǻʱǮǺεȼѡֵùþϺ꣬ӱ֮ʰ꣬ǲԶˣ
˵ֱҡͷипģ
ӣ֣ԼԼҲһˮ裬ŵϱûоˣһ˿ʮȫʮֻΪԹĿ࣬Ǳˡ
˶٣һЩҪż㵽ʰͣҲʰһɫʰɫҪʱ̼סҪˣкôҲҪ÷ָЩ׷ˡһԣ·ԽԽԶ

ϵʱӣ˺ôĹ򣬺òײ˵طG˯
˵ǡ˯ʵҲˣֻܽҹûƽʱ
ȵϴ֮϶ɢǵ㣬ŮźŻ˸ɾ£ڿϡ
طGֽӣ§˻쿴˺ͣ˰ɣ
ͷûȫ͸͸΢΢ˮղ鷳Ǵūţ˶ȥˡ
ӣطGļ򣺡ʪ˯Ҫģ
һ۾һ´Ьӣ˵ơ
һƬůĹߡ
ӣȥ˴ĸӣطGЦŵʺñӹ
ӣֻҡͷͷһۣˡ
һӣһӵعڴͷϣطGͷһ߲һ̲ס룺ҪʱѾдͺˣ
طGԼ˸ͷͷԼӡ
һڴ£һڴͷһûһ˵Ż
طGȻͻأðһ⺢ӣܳԿࡣ


777 

⻰˵úԤףҲûǰﾳӣűһ㶡
طGֵ⺢ӣĻҪ㡣
⻰ˡΪĸףӣǲﲻ̵ġ
һ߸طGͷһ߾΢ЦֻطG㵱ϡԿ࡯ôϵĳԿʵѡֻҪƣ쳤ؾã˭õͷ­
ӣ⻰Ȼ뵽ʮİˡ
ôôӲͷһˡ
ϵĶ΢һЩطG΢΢ת׽ס֣˵ܳԿ࣬˼⺢һ¶ĹУܲʹ͹¶
˶٣⺢ܼ֣רעҲΪ˳¶ֿΧз֮£޿⺢ӡõĺܣ
˵˶٣ȥߣӣ
ӣϵĴӸˣȥ
طGסļͷͷͷİţĥůоš
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һطGֱ壬ͷӣ֪㵣ޡϸ΢ɼģҲΪѾǲˡ
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已̥û˿Գϣٺ
طG§ļͷһûһµŲŵӣ£⼸̫ҽһֱΪ޵ӣһúõģһһ㡣
ӣĽǶȣֻ΢΢Цš
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Ͼ֮»֮ǰΪջŭ̫ҽҲóȻҩֻſš
̫ҽˡһиͷȣǿҩ
¶û¶Ҳ
·ֻҪӸǿˣͿ԰ٶ֣Ƶġ
طGȷʵǰʱʱʱķˣ˵ľûг׻ָ
ӣʱ뵽Щ޲һ̨ʱ⴩طGִȥһȫ飬׵Ĳ鵽Ķë
Ȼ֢ҩ
ʱ뵽ѾӺʮֻ꣬һˣǰһ亹
ʷϣڿǬʢӺλĶ̶ʮʵױӡ
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ʵϣһɻȱĹʱڣǴӿǿʢߵǬ¡ļʢмһ
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󷲷ʢܲͻأֵġֻ֪ʢӣȴһεŻѪ٣ݼͼѡ
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Ÿļ˸о٣̫ƽɽﷱ
طGֹսӣ֣͵ԼǣŻص±ӣ޶ȻҪҵ޵ӣúû㣬㡣ͬһһʶء
黰ٵʱĶʱް׷ȴֻˡ
ӣͷطG֣޳ָΪѪ΢΢ԵЩ԰׵ָ׸ǡ
Ŭ۾һ㶼գۣ°۾ˮգ
طG˵ˣĿƻĳһַ·뵽ʲôƵģһЩޡںǸТ˳ģչ˺㣬޵Ҳ̫
⻰һ˵ڣӣܲˡ
һӶǱǻŵġ
ڱ˽Ļֱ߱ĸкѪ
ԶõɷǺõĸס
⻰˵ġӣ뵽Ӻʮ֮Ρ
룬ҲԸ롣
ӣ̧֣طG֣±Ӹꡣ
˵ˣһ䣺±Ҳţ
طGͷ΢Ĵһߡ
ֻתͷ
ƻʣͳĵüĿ飬ʱü֮иŨĻᡣ
ӣĽë֮ȥ۽һ£źЦ΢΢ɬصʺ˵ˡ
ӣһͷˮڵ˵ˡ
ֳҪطG
ʱ򾭳ͺƩӦʲôҪ󣬾ͻŵ
طGЦҡͷһһȴ̧֣ȥ
ֻһ깴֮Ҳһ

Բ԰һƬⰻȻСǹȥһʱʮһãɽҰ
ӣصû̫ūŸţֻöŮ̫࣬ȥһ԰
һ󴺷紵һ׷£ļͷ֮ϣԱߣЦžֽӣİʺﵧš
ǵôǰ԰ҲкüʱСͻСһһ¾͵ǧ
һѾһθѹˡ


778 羰

طGǰѾּ⣬Ҫ񸮽һﵥʰ
ʰʲôȴֻδᡣ
ӣΪһ羰֮ǣú鷿ϰҵ
ϾﱲǵĸףСʱĵطһУܰҲм塣
ۿ鷿㶼ûҪطĶӣĥôһ¡
طGҲ֪ģȴҲֻЦ
ȵµ׵ʱ³һ̧ӣͿʢĸС̫ǰһ޴Ŀͼ
ͼǹһơӣԽԽ죬Ȼˡ
ɲǴǰıոԺģ
ǻ԰ɽˮƣʱһģһ
ϡתͷطGͿطGЦʮֵ⣬ڿ
һϣЦˣ
ӣͷȥס˿ͼһǣԼǰһա
ʢæʺģ
ľƣֳֺǲСʧˤ˽ϣҲҪҳʹ
طG߹סӣļͷһſͼָŸһǴǰĸСԺ
˶٣תͷӣ΢Цŵ븮СԺ
ӣҲЦһЦһ߶￴ͿԱ߾Ȼ˼շ
ԼԼˡԼոմԽʱ򣬻ǿʮ꣬ĺʱڡ
ʱԭΪݵֻͣǸԺıո⼸סһԺ
еĺԺ˼
񣬼ȻһзƳӣ⼸ǿ϶ס˵ġ
Ƶʱá鷿ⷿ۾̨֮;
㿴
طGָһӣ
ӣһˡ˺֮İ˲รŲԺӣصԺӺǰ鷿֮ͨһݾС
ȥСɭɭͷϹ˿٣ϲСˣʱʱĻᱳСȥ˿ϡ
ʵ˿߲֮߰ĹӰתںˮ۵Сϡ
ʱİӸŹӣĸӣ˿Сź档
һȺūźţĸ˻Цﱧһ𣬱࿪ˡ
¾á
ʱ̲סԶվס˽ţǴЦĿǰһĻ
ƺǣȫ硣
˿СӣһָţһתͷطG
طGЦͷ
һס֣ߣʺ޴ȥʵơ
˵߾ߣʢеߣطGѾ̧ȥ̵ˡ
ȥһ룬ӵҲߣˮҲܡ
ΪܺõԵʣ߲˼طGӣ֣벻ȥ
ӣ֪Ȼôʣ϶Ըδˡ
ַʽģʻ͵ͷ̫ôãδͷ羰Ҳ
ʵ̫Ѿûʱôˡ
ҪǻӺʮǰһ֮еĻƽʱ䣬طGϳϳ·ϣҪô³ӡ
ҲǵźȻ·ҲؽԼƵôڳһЩĽࡣ
˴ϲԣӣûСģ⧲һӱⷴӳ̫ʹ۾
̧ܵȥ۾طGȴֽ§Լߣһֻ̧š
һ뱾ͲԶĻƵ˰̣ӣȻطGô
Ӻ¶Ϳ֪Ķͳһ۾ƬǲɫģɫÿԵס̫
һ˵ţһ߾ָӣˡ
֮̿ı飬΢΢˼ֱҲѿ
۾нӶģӣˣֻùߵסˣҲûղôˣǰһжģˡ
ʢںЦ
ͷεúܡ
ӣ˲Щϵϳʹ۾֮껹Ҫ²ĿǴϡ
˼Ǳۻ軨ģټôһ۾
ǾȻܿĸ򣬾ͺܲס
ӣְīժ檴ϰ
طGҲǿֽ˹Լˣ˵΢΢һѾһ밶ߡ
һȺ̫๬ŮԷŵۺ˻
ӣĿȥһʶı䡣
طѾʼĽˡ
ڼɵСԺſڣûнȥֻתתϾطأʲôġ
תأȻӣǰһͿһϤıӰ
񸮵һȺΧźСԺˣһ߳һ߻ſͼʲô
ӣ֪طG֮ǰúȥıոԼӴ԰Ľ衣
û뵽һҲˡ
񸮵һ̧ͷŵۺվڲԶ͹ͷˡ


779 ʱ

翴ˣҲϽʰ꣬ʶ밲
طGֻ֮ͨͨ΢Цһµæǵģʺߡ
˵꣬סӣ֣ͷūǶ
Ȼ˾ȥɢˡ
𿴺¶ŲЩ£úǲطGһߣһսӣ֣
ǰѾȥǻӴ԰õõǰһطG˶٣ܽһ͵⺢۹á
ͣͣǾ⻰ݵĻ׼ȷطGֵ⺢á
˵ãôһ˵ӣĺġ׻Ӵ԰Ƴʲô
⻰˵ġó檶ȥˡӣ˳ַб֦
طGҡҡͷûʱȥ羰صľмשߣһƬǽ壬֮ʱԺǽ塣
⻰˵ӣҲû¼ˡ
ǰ˺ð죬ۿǰһƬש߸һȡ
һľͷ֮ǰӣǵʱ򣬻ûôԶء
ǡˡص
طGҲղôˣ˾͵ԱߵĴʯԴЪϢһ
һ紵ʯϻ˱һһ꣬·һһ㡣
طGֳϥϣһһȻ΢΢ӡ
ʯϵģӣȴ⣬Ȼؾͽļ
ᰴļϡ
طGεм˿ƲʡƲƯƵļ仺ҪרעĶſһܷʵŲġ
ⶼǰ᲻á˷ѡĳ⡣
ⶼǰĽࡣ
ǰһֱᶨƵΪҪŬܽ
ֱ꣬彡״̬ˣȻ򵽣ûģһԼѰ壬顢


㿴Ƭƣո˵仰һƬһˣıǼ⡣
ӣͷİƬһˣ̧ͷ˳ĺ«ʾķ򿴹ȥ
е񡣡ۣƴһһ
˵䣬Ѿɢˡ
˶˵ӣǾӣҲ۵ðסж⸱ӵʱ򡭡
طG˵ĳһ΢΢۾ƽ£ŻѪʮ꣬ҲԵˡ
ӣͷһɷ˵־ס졣
ǻɥˡ
ֱһһϴ
ʲô޽Ҳˡ
ҲԵˡ
޵˻ʿǰҲ»ʿһʡ
ƴԼԼģ
طG죬˳ְ̧סӣ֣Լǣ㡣
˵ˣϣһЦüĿ֮䣬Ȼǵɡ
ӣСһζҸղһ·ϣ˲֦
طGֻЦ
Цˣɱƣϣ޵ӣõġ

ӺʮĶ磬Բ԰ﲢû̫װκ䡣
һжΪ徱һգ޵İ˼
Ӵٲ硣
ΣһůζŨ
ӣھ̵Ļʺ޹֮УҲһ
طG»ʺܺѾּūǲʺ̫ı衣

ӣĬĬᡭ
˵Ϊȥ죬һ³ӣӣ⧲ƼԼ˫ֻӣ˱ϡ
ַʽ͸
ʵ˱һӣطGˣɫˣ˺üΧūŲ֪Ȱʺֻһζ̰˺壬˲ôã
ӣͶһ¶ȥ
֮󣬱ͱˣӣô󶼲С
Ҳֻ̾̾ڴ£˹ȳˡ
һ߳һӣŮӡ
ŮÿһδѡһѾˡ
ľѡˡ
Ϊǰ£ϰ˺þãҲû˼
һѡҲ˼Ӻٲ䲹䡣
޲ﱲԽԽá
ӣһĲɵĿǰŮӣһ߾żϱҪһ˽Ҳˡ
ٻһٵȼոµӡ
ҪϾΪĸףɰﱲܶһЩ˭˰
ǶϱҲˣ£ݴҲˡ
ֻҪˣ벻ԡ
ί̫أ»
һطGǰһ£طGʱڿӣ⻰еۣ˸۾һۡ


780 һһ

ȻʲôҲû˵ǱϾˣ໰ԴֻҪᡣ
ӣˡⶼݲ£ǻʲôո˼
⡭
ֻ˵طGĶ裬氮
µͷȥûһطGȻ̧ͷüĿ˼飬ʺǾòףŮѡ͸øãҲް
һεʱҲѾˣ
ĶŮѡֻǲӣá飬ѹϡ
Ż̧ͷֲһ䡣
ܶʱ򣬰֮֮ά쳤ؾõ⣬ۣоǲء

Сսȡ
ÿһ죬Ϊ˷ֹùȣǳὫе·졢鼮óϴˢɹ
ԣһ䣬ҲΪϴɹڡ
˵³۽ŴԴ͸֮գҲпš
ûš
һҪ¶ϴ
⻹ǰоеĹס³̫ģƥϴԡ
ν̶Էϴ˵ľʢ
һ¾ϴ
幬͢󷿣λڡĴҲ࣬ҪΪⷪ磬ԼЩͳϣ͢Ҫõʱ
Ϊ˵ȻһСı̼ˣ׷׷
Ҫһͻ
ϴϴ˵̾ͽеõ͵ˡ
ǽ˵һͷͨѩ׵СĸԱΪ콵ٵļףصع˵ۺ
ӣȻھ̵֮У񸮵ӣҲ֪С¶
ϺطGһŵʱ˼䡣
˭֪طGΪϲǾ͵ˣ־ҪԸʢʺȥš
ΣԵģСͷСҲСټѱʦԱߣưȫˡ
ʺϲĻ˰Żʺȥ󣡡
ˡ
˵䣬طGЦŵʺش⻪֮飬ķ£տ֣ެҰձ٣˸Ӧ֮
޺춼νˣ
ӣӣǺǵЦţ¿ҡֵҲ˵˵ɲأɲأ

ûȥҲûлصϽ֮С
Բ԰һ¶Ҫæ
ɹۣɹݻɹļɹ̡
Բ԰ɹ
ɹôණƾ˼̻
Ҳʶ밲ˡ
˵һŮѡʱˣ˺͸⣬λһڴ
ϱ¶Ҳģ˵ǡáû׼Ҫȵٰˡ
ǽǰҲ˵һƺǻʺ˼òô߼ϣǵĺԺѾˡ
˭ܲлʺ
ŵոӣùŮСŷĺֺͺڶɣǣ
ϱлˡ
һ£һվӣ۶ˡ
˵ϱô񣬵תһ룬Ͼ֮СҪ񣬾ȥɣ
ȫˣҲ̤ʵ
ϾҪӱ˵ĽǶȣص⡣
ζ¡ƢθѪ񣬶Ůá
ڶҲǺöӣָŵ
һ˵һ߿ǰһļСˣӶ΢΢׽š
Ϊ̬ţ
û˵ʱҲǼıŮ
ӣпЦЦֻ̧һԼ޷˭֪߼ǣһ¡ˣЩʹ
һü̧Լļ򣬶Ϻ͹϶϶Ӧݵķеĸ㣬ȿֺվˣʶ
ϱҪһ
õĲأתͷ
ͽȥˣһѾöˣŽкӳˡ
װǲס
ⶼǲѪĸŮӴ档ʳѰȴǶ辶ھ嵽ôֳˣһһҶС
ӣʾȥ׷ǡ
﷢ӣԼղ˵䡰һһҶСǴǰĻӸźǾ˵Ļ
ȻԼ˳ͣСǺӡ
ӣͷ΢΢ҡͷԼһЦ
ո˽ӹ˲ӣűƵĽڻ
뵽Żʶ˵ġѪĸŮӴ档
ʵ⻰Ѿ˵ĺˡ
϶Сͷˡ
ӣУֻ֪תִӴݵصѾǳˣ󼸸ԽԽȣǽ԰߶Ҳ࣬ȵ˾£ٹ밲ɡ
ʵ徲徲ˡ


781 ֽ֮

ǵҲ˵ǾµףȻһ£һֱȵ˾µײŽʶ밲
һι밲϶Ͼʹ˺Ϣϲˡ
Ϊ˺þãȻÿζϣգøҽʱ򣬹϶ϻţֱ̫ҽҲȥˣ֤Ͻǧȷ
϶ϵ͸˵ˣ漴صĴ̫ҽˡ
Ȼ˪ϪһЩЩź
ǻˡ
Ϊһʯ϶״̬һȫһˡ
һݹǲ֬ˮ۶ܿĺɫ
֪еģ֮Ҳ˴չţʶ밲ʱ򣬶ϴھ̵һֱַŹ϶ϣסעŽµ̨ס
ķˣ
϶ˣҲŶϾС
ϱľӣ⻰΢΢һ죬ЦЦûӻֻ϶ϵĸ첲ʾһ¡ĵո¼ϻĬĬԱߡ
һּҳ
¼ϵ˵Щˡ
˾̵ӣҲ֪˹϶еϢǰѾöȥˡֱӰ˸¡
㣬Ҫżӣһ߿Ź϶߹ȥһ΢΢ǰӶ
϶̧ͷֻЦлʶģ
ۿŹ϶ˣӣ۹װ°ڣϸƲŵ⻨ЬίʵЩԺǻЩģ⼸¡
϶ϸϽվЦʶ˵ǣֻǶһ˽Ǹʶ밲Բʧ˹ءȥ㻻
ӣˣҡͷ̾Ц
Ŀڴ֮һɨԱߵĺո¼ϡ
¼ϹòЦݣȴįġ

µ׳һطGΪյ顪һλʧˣμӿƾ٣йţ˺Բڡ
꣬ıѹ֮£ʹҲΡ
ڷ˿ƾ٣ֻΪ˳̶
̶ϲ̸ѧר̸ϸȥܶŵ·ϵһ£ס˴ܶţ߶ı
Уһг˵ӵʮСıĸ֣߱ܣɱ
ͨƪֻһ˼룺طGǹټı
λϡ
ܶ˱ڽ֮Уиʵģ˸ԼһţԭΪǶֲ֮ԩ˳־ԱߵĲ۽Ž˹
˭֪ţֽĻֻܶĿɿڴּѾֶͬһţΧշ׷פ㡣
ܶϽ˽˸죬Ѻ
ͬʱ㽫౨Զھǵӡ
Ȼһ֮Уܶûҽ˵ԭֱдֻίתһ¡
⵱ȻΪ꿴֮󣬵ŭʧ꼰㡣
طG֮Ȼʮֲʹ죬Ҳó֮ؽȣּ⡪ֹòһ׶һҲ
ѺĴܶҪƽ͵Ŀˡ
ΪȻ飬һζûõġ
ҪҪпοҪг׻ı仯֮ġ
ӸոշȥûãطGĥ˲Ծ
ԽԽԾ
ܶȻί
˵ֻܶЩ־䣬÷⽮ڽŵ˵زŻŵҪӵݵ
׷һּ⡪ܶ˵ԭר͵
һһ仰١

ȵű̯ϣطGһһĿе֮ɫȹ׻ڡ
͵еѹ͵Ŀ¡
֮ϣ־䣬߿
ͷ׵һξ˵ΪĿģֶΣҲıƣŶȥ˱ֵܵĻλ
ʵƵֻӵǻһ죬һֱС
طGˣЦҲûŭ
һ仰֮ģֽ֮硣
ǰϵĸסүүڣȫ˸Ѫͷ

֮УӣҲ˵¶
ͷһˣûмǴĻʷϷµʱӦӺʱ
λҲƾԴһȣȻдš
Ϊܵ˼Ӱ졣
ĩѧߡ˼ҡʫˣ˳ʮӦΪӲ
䣬Ӧĺ販֮Ϊɮ
λ˵뷨ʵļʫʱѡ


782 ʬ

ӣǵãʷϣλ˵ð֮漴طGλڼµһ
ֻǲ֪ʱطGûд˵ϲ

ϻطG˾̵֮У̫๬ŮǴһֱ档
ʢһ죬´ˡ
ӣů￴ᣬ˵ˣӭ˳ȥ
˵ӭһطGɫˡ
ֲֲ̫ˡ
ô꣬Ҳǵһοɫ͸Ѫȵı塢̡⡣
衣
ʢں棬սս̧ͷøӣ˸š
ӣˣʢеݶǶѣʺﵱģ˵ˣ
ҲˣŰɣ
ӣһĭֻܱؾðôһ䡣
طGģ˺һĲɵغһǶĻش
ӣһϽתȥкŷȺŵ̫ǣԽͽˡ

֮Уֻײ
ӣͷ޶ǳţٲõϸЦ̡
طGҲǻָвˡ
ǽһͺĲǸˣֻǸӺĿտǡ
ӣܹԾԼŷ룬ŬɷԶԼ˸ˡ
ţطGĵûʢùֻūˮ
ϴ
ϴ˳Ǹ˿˾Ͷµɫ
ӣȥְѡ
Ϊ˰οһ£طGͷۿӣԼϵ¿۵ʱ򣬾ͶǿЦһ£ǡ
ЦãЦһԱ߹Ůˢˢȫ
ѣɵ֮ϵɫ֮УŮϨůĵյŵ˳ȥ
һƬ֮УӣȻطGҧгݵصҪɱ
Ҳ֪ǲӣĴ˵ʱ򣬴һЩ
طG˶٣ȷƽһЩĺȴˣžëȻҪһΡ
һΡ
ʲô˲ܡ١һΣ
ȻѾ˵ˡ
ʬһΡ
ӣܾû˵
ںڰ֮Уصһڳһзö̫ˡ
طGѾѸײڶٶȲ
Ҳл·

ڶһ磬Ҳ֪ǲǼŭģطGһֱǻ˯̬ȡ
ӣĵľǴǰű֢״ֻϾʱý˪κõġ
ҩеϹèײ˼
ĵȣ˵֢
ȥϸϸطGĶͷͬͷطG²ûߣһŽź͵̫ҽ
תĸҪȥطGѾֹˣòš
ӣ֪ˡ
ôЩ伲ҽʱ򣬷·ֻҪ̫ҽû¡
Ƕô߼
ѵõǿӲְסĸ첲꣡
ŰһģطGһ˻֣ȥɡ
ٲͣҴһ׾ͳȥˡ
̫ҽʱطGۿѾ˸ϳĵ㣬طGǿվ´˸ովһġ
ӣߵūǶһϽǰȥס
̫ҽܿͱˣһ֮󣬹ʺ˵Щˣ֮ǰű
޴Ҳͺˡ
طG˾͵ޱ˵£ʺҪġ
һ˵һֽԼ֮УŵʺҪģ޵壬Լ
˶٣ڴԱߣƺǻһȻŲȥˡ

ӺʮּׄʬʾڣնﱲȫǲΪū
㽭ϰɽˮ֮أʱ콵Сֲѡ
ʱǸ˼ĵطẮ̬ʮֶӡ
ֻһҲͰˣǼȻıñӣܵԶҪϸ
仰˵Ǵ˺üȻı䲻ΪūݣͱڡūԨ֮¡
֮ң馶ԷТʮ̡֮
˵Ҳıɡھһ֮֮󣬲αʾڹ漴Ϊ˻ʮдˡ˵һ顣
ﵽǸ蹦̵£ӺҢ˴
ǰ濶´ʵǷʹӺһԱȣֱ羫ѡ
طGֻЦһ֮󣬵ǾɱûҲû˼
վɱⱾ¼Լڴ˰ͣ͡ͳͳԱ༭֮һ飬ȫΧڿӡ䷢


783 ˱˪·

¶ֵô󣬿СˣԱսľ
ԭֻѻͬŽһЩѰʫʳͣʱҲ׷׷䵹˳һΨʲô׵ۣȫС˻
ûһµʱ䣬ֳ͢һ¡ѹ̲֮ӡԺʿ쿥Ϊ£ԴǼңŭطGŹ顣
ֻǷŹҲͰˣ˸ƽ
طGΪܵӰ쿥֮ǰһϲ츮顣
ʵ֮ǰб̲ϵõϹԱѹ쿥ƲһˣֶɣӦСЩԼȥʫĸͨͨһ顣
쿥ǹӳСηӣѹûı˼ȻЩȰ˵ҲֻһЦ֮ûзϡ
û뵽һƫƫͳˡ
һ鲻Ҫ츮鷿УĲ쿥һƪʫдţ黹ңⲻˡ
鳭ĹԱҵ㽫һƪʫ͵ǰ
īͳõʫʻ֮Уºˡ
طGԽԽòԡ飬¶Ƕǰ
⡪Ȼڨ͢ˡ
Ͼǡ⡱ǡ塱΢֮ͬѽ
쿥ˣƽʱߣΪԼĳӲͬŷУлԹ
һۼŻջ˶ʱ侮ʯ׷˵쿥ƽʱۡȷǶǰл
طGǵۣ뵽쿥ոǷ飬Ľ쿥ʫӵ˵ϡ
ּ⣺쿥ˣ˼ڮ٣治񵮾ģԣմ󲻾ɣնĸ御ջ١
ּ⴫˱ǰ쿥Բ˫ۣ˫֡
ôҲţȻķ
뵽֮ǰк˶ĸ룬쿥ڲѡ
ٺڣʱҲˡ
ļʫ׶Դ
ӲҪ˵Ψһҵģûͬһ㣬ǣˡ
ۿѾӺʮףǰճ˵ٸŵʱҲ͸÷ӡˡ
ҲܰˡϾϲع꣬ɱɱĶ಻
û뵽ǣԲ԰֮УطGûͣ¶ֵ׷
ĲӶԽء
ж֮ˣûϵģʼ˵ͬ졪ɲֽͥԣĿĸ֡άֹ
ĸԭʫ˵ҹأǰϢסġ
Ŀȫûʲô⡣ǲͥطG״˵άֹǡӺȥͷʮֶաҪɱʵ۵ͷ
ⲻ꣬ʲô
һͱʮνһѪطGɲͥȫҴϰ죬ţΪͥ㽭ˣǨŭ֮£طGּ㽭ȫʡʿˣ겻׼μӾʿĿԡ
ͥĸ硪Уʫ̳䡢ߡ
ΪܵܵܵǣѹʲôûҲֻּܷȫҽͶ
˵ܵѾɱʹ֮£·㣬дˣ˱˪·Ѯͬꡣʫ䣬ñȥˡ
Ƕ֮еĲأ͢⣬ȻҲûٿЩ
˵˲䱥ʫ˱˪·Ѯͬꡣ
Ѿпĺʹ𶯡
ʼʰΪ
Ŀ
ʵڻʰ֮ǰҲûе˹
Ҳֵʰ̶ֳȡʫ׫ġһʫۣɡ
ŵ˱ȥͷ˵ҲðҪӹײ̧ʬ
Ա߿ţ˺ѷҲܿ޳
Ҫˡ
ڣ͢£侩֮УѾΣʿ򲻸״ʫʣǰѴľͶ뵽˹ֽС
ʵϣѧҲΣյġΪѧҪۡ
κֻҪ˵ֻҪ˵һĻͲܱ֤һܰѻ˵ôȫˮ©
ͳĬţˮۣܸۣʰȥ᲻һʧʿӣأ

밲ʱ򣬱¶˵ϼ䣬ǻӲסˡ
ϾǶ¶ԼжϣҲԶӵİΣΪء
֮䣬ӺʮĳϦѾǰˡ
ơٵǹʢĻ֮һۼݻصϽǺٵǬ幬ͻʼ̨ϣһʢ
ҲѾѶҡˡ
ʵ֮ǰĺܳһʱǡϵġ
ֱӣ˻ʺ󣬾Ȳɾ˺Ҳ˷ѣּ⣬񸮰ūڸߴƵĹ̶
ֻҪ׹㲻ڶ


784 

ܹ÷ĻԶʹãǽڼ
𿴶ʲô£Ͻռؾ޴عڣ֪Ҫ϶ٴζеĶһĻʡµĿͿɹˡ
ӣǵãʱطG֪¶һͺúõڳǰһʺ
Ŀ깬ȴһƬƲ
Ϧϣڳʫʳֻ͡Ҫʫ˱羪֮ǰ˼룬ѿڡ
˭ҿڣ
˭һСı˿ۡԼԴȫС
ҲˡѲǸոռλ꣬г˸֮⣬һ塢ŭ
ųλΨһʢһӵĻʺû˻ꡰᡱ
Ͼȵڵʱ򣬶ʱİ硪꣬˵ϲŭ
ʱİΪԱʼѧ̺αװ
ǣαװΣһ˵Կƣǲѹ֡ѹԼıԣȻᵼһ˳׵ı
ֱֻ˵ǻʮ֮ű䱾ı˳
֮˵ҲֻǸͷ
طGˣԼҲЩζȻ˾Ʊֻ۹Ĵɨȥ

ΪҲԵʣطGڳϦϺ˲پơ
ϻȥ޹ӣѬһŨŨľ
ƵǺþơ
ʺ󣡡
ۺ⣬ڵ
ѾŹŮŵض˵ˮӽӣȥִʪӸ
طGڴ֮ϣˣס󣬳ʺ󣡡
һֱҶӣͲ׸ֱ߬סһֻ󣬾͸ˡ
رסȷ֣ߡ
طGˣֻǶЦЦ
ŮǼ龰Ĵ£ĵ˳ȥˡ
ۼů֮УˣҹžӣͷطGĲŵ֡
طGȻ֣漴̧֣ӣԼ
֮ˣվȣλƵ֣뽫ӣԼУ΢΢Աһ࣬ӣҲȥ
˶˺ʵı֮С
ӣǰһƬǵصɫת˺һתͷطG
ʱüĿһػظĺףβųʺƳûУޣµҪ
ӣһ
գգ۾⵹ǸȰ˵ĺûᡪȫ֣ٲôľƾֿԴųն
ʵ̫ˡ
Ҳ̫ˡ
֪ʱ䣬جˡ
εĵĶҰʷɷµһ£˵ǵӺʬʵиŮ
µʱΪϼңѡ
֪С֮ﱯߣݸΪʦѧһ߱ڣ赶ŪĹǧǣǱڣŮӺԴ£ѩޡ
³ͻȻʵͻȻУԴֲӰֻ͢ûƽΪӺһԴӶʹȫʬᡣ
ԲŻ֮Ӻġ
ӣǵԼһμجεʱŵôӴ͵
һʵ氧޵ܿϽǵİ𫣬ܿ㳡ģص󳼣ʦǡ
طGɫ԰׵ؾ֮С
һӣһӵˣ֪޾
Ҳһۿһۡ
ҲٲܶüĿЦ˵κֽ뻳УΪڵеķꡣ

ﱾֵҹźŻʺģ͸˹
龰Ͳµ϶جΡ
Ͻ§סʺһٰο
ӣſļϣڴڵĴ˺üڴŷԼʪģҲǶŵģĿڶ飬׹š
Ǹղųᡣ
أأӣץʡ
ƫƫطGҹǰ͵ӣں档
ȻֵҹղҲˣһСʱէȻѣҲѡ
ˡ
˴۵Сһ˲䣬ﷴӦϽشӵүǰأǰأ
йʹҲֻҰʷء
طGôȥµԹѾǶˡ

ϡ
ӣȰû䣬һתͷȻطGѾۡ
ӿô仰ĹȻѾ˯˹ȥ
ϣ
ӣμˣȥ˻ļ
طG˫ۣ˯΢΢üһֱŽӣݺݵسԼĻ


785 

ӣòײŴ첲˳˳ѱӳһߡ
һһЩϣ
طGеˡ
ӣֱӣòľͿʼȰ˵֮ﲻôȥˡ
طGǿž˵һֻǰЦʺ󲻱̫ġҲ֪еδˡ񣬴֮ɣʹһѣʹ֮ġ޹ĪƷʹ¹֪£Ϊˡ
ӣ
飬ʶԼղ˵ô࣬ʵǰ˵ˡ
ǺܳǹЩ¶ԼһС
ӣһĭóԼõһ˵ǣ꣬˹壬檵նר˽ʷֿ֮ӡɲᣬΪ
˶٣طG
طGĿ˹ϵ֮Ҳࡣ
۾һգҲգӣӾȻЩ˵ˣ˵ȥ

һλԱоٱǰдһʫ¶壬ﰧת
й˵Ҳܼ򵥣˷˼ǰʹԹһʫдҲݡ
Ȼ˼ǰԱǶԵ
͵ůڣڻʰǰվš
ů֮г˸ˣûڡ
ⲻˣ;ʧ⣬Щӽ̾ǹȻٰ
Ͷ˶٣ֱͦĿڻʰǰϣûͣ¡
µѶǰԱǾǣ壬ڿ壬˶´֮ǵ棬ϺȻҲС֮䣬ӲסѲϺȻҲǴ治ô
һ˵ЩյĻ
˵֮󣬺һҲǻĿ
ʢվں桪ʱȻˣҲǾôҳˣֻϵ̫亹͸ˣȫϡ
ǻͷˣ
Ŀ·һ㣬΢΢ָ߬˺һʰƽصõΣ
ʢһĵĨһѶͷϵĺĵȻ谮Ļӡ
ǵʱ򣬾Ŀ¡
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һ·ӶգȽɽɱϣУһ꣬ӲĽһĹͭǽڡ
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˵ԦĹĸ֣͵Ҳ̲סһ¡
طG˺һȻ㽫ϵӳơ
Ͷʱͱɫֽ۾𣬲ʰ꣡
طĢְ˰ڣҪǣʰúơ
΢΢һ£漴ֽӷſѾд޾£һһЦϵ֮հʿϰˣά̳磬ߺ޽ڸ֮˲¾ڵģʹն
ڲɱ㣬ҪбʷƷеĹ۵㣬Ҫ֮¡
Ҫӣ˺Ƥϡ˻ʹ࣡
ͳĬضֻ꣬̾Ϣֺαأ
ͣĵҲɣȻд⣬ӼѶ֮ˣд˰޽öϣ
˸һ仰վԭؾסˡ
طGۿһۣȴ޵̾һ
߹ڶӵļͷģȥˡ
γѵĹڸּ

͢ϣʥּʼ֮İӺʮ꿪ʼⳡѪȷǽƽ
ڽϵİһ©ȫ󿴹֮󣬶һЩʫۣȷ߲ûı֮⣬ֻ
Ǻȫ˿ȰЩ浵ٹ۲ŹԱպı֡
ʵ̧ˡ
սսȫСһʹ飬ΪձҪųնһЩԱŶϸ󿴹֮󣬿ɵظм㡣
ͬʱһЩְĹΪеı׼̫ϸ񣬻ȥ̸˺üΡ
֮͢ϣԭ֮磬ͬ죬๥ĹԱǣˣҲͽɥʧ˶
οעͶһЩʾ֭뾡ֶθ淢ͬŵĹԱǡ
ʹıľϣҲӦñУǳΪЩСñ˽Ĺߡ

˾ٲ̶£ġ
ʿǣһƬ֮


786 껨

ůԲ԰һƬȻ
ӣں֮УҲûŶǰЩ¶
ӵһƬٲȻѾǰжһ޶̫ӣ
ӣ뵽طG֮ǰϿ
Լ֮Ȩ󽻵˺ϵΪ
ΪǺȰ˻ʰ꣬ǴʱǰϵӣȻ˼ˡ

ͷչĵո϶Ͼͷˡ
Ȼͷ̥ǹ϶ҲǸãȻ쳣˳ֻʱͰѺˡ
ֶи
ǸС磬𿴸ͷ󣬵ǿֽҲо֮жͣ
˪ϪҲ֮ǰˡǸС
϶һ³һѾǺճӵĶˡ
ֵü۶˻ԱһźŹ϶Ϻһ߾ͳ˵ʱСū֮ǰô˵ţȱżи֮ˣ˪㻳ڲรǰ棬Ҳδؾ¸С磬ô񶼱ū˵˰գ
϶üˣһ΢΢ͷֵֺһ߱Цŵ˵ˣ
˵˺ոӣҲ϶ˡ
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˲ٲƷСӵʲôС·СЬӡСߣ¿ɰ
϶пڴͷžЦôСЩСߡֻţȹóˡ
ҲЦܵСʱǰЩġôЩȥˣСӵȴЩƣڹʰﵹҲƼ˲еϸ飬С治׵
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֪Ǹոĸ׵ˣǸ˼䡪Сأϲץϵʲô
ҪС¶ɲˡ
ͼǵãԼСʱ򣬶һǺϸĵģеĶżֻÿ۾ҲūǸȥˡ
úɫ˿߷ɵ۾
Ϣš
뵽ͯ¶ԼŮ񶼿ͤͤŮˣҲѾˡ
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϶ϵ߸Ųһ᣺ߡ

˹϶ϵԺӣûȥתͷ˪ϪǶȥˡ
ǹݣ˪Ϫǰ԰ľ͡ʹ˺檣۹ҲǸġ
һĻˡ
ڳˮԲԸȥ

˪ϪסСԺϣطȻ΢СһЩɫȴġ
˵ˣ˪Ϫһ߱Ůں壬һ߻Ϊˡ
ȵȷˣϽվͳӭӡ
Ů£˪Ϫūš
תʾǰȥ˪ϪˣҲүˡ
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ĻȻû˵ף˪Ϫȴ˼
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ѽ⺢Ư
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Ͼĸ׵ˣԼŮһ佱˪ϪҲ̲ס¶˳ĸ΢Ц
үС𣿡
ᵽ磬˪Ϫϵ÷۾ҲһĹâ
ǴСŰ۰ģԼֱɷǻ΢
һ˪Ϫ飬ˡ𿴱ֻסôһСԺ˽һ˪Ϫá
ǸղŹԺūǵ飬ܿˡ
ūֻūţ˭ūҲнġ
еָūǸӣ;Ҳᷢ顣
ʻ˪Ϫش˵үѾСŮ֡
ΪͻСԲûбȥ
ȵ浽˺ʵʱ͵ոСһӣ͵ǰȥ
ֻǺͻ̫СǵոС磬ûء
ĹءʹҪĺӣҲҪȵĸ£ŻǴȥ
ž΢ЦԺѾֳ˶￴ǵ龰
룺һ¿϶˻ˡ
һɰӺһƯŮ
࿪ģ

֮Уת۵ʮġ
һ죬طG֣µּȴǺº޹ϵݡ
һҪ񸮾·̫̫ʹ͵飬пʹ͵鶼
飬ı̺һ
Ҫúÿһ
ڶּǽ𾭡տξ㡷صطԸҪ׿ǡǩӾ¡
ʵҪĵֻﲢûɹڿⷿղأһֱԼ鷿
ǵ껹ڻǱۡʱ򣬺ӣһõһӣͼۺ觱̡
ױ̵ҲˣտʼʶԼԸ϶ĵʱʹ͵ı̾Ѿˡ


787 

Ϣʺӣž;òԾ
̫̫󡢿顢ı̣ЩͲ˵ˣı̺ӣǵ֮ǰȥʱطG㱯ʹ֮£¹ּ⣬˵Լ֮Ҫı̺Ʒһߡ
ִּҪ̺õǰ鿴
ȻѾ˼ڰԼ¡
̫̫͵飬ӣ֮ǰûôҲǿˡȻޱȡ
⴮Ƿ飬ɺͷʯʯ񡢱ʯɵģܹ̫ʢĸܹ̫һ𣬴ҵ潻ӣὨϸĵǼǡ
˻Ϻͻʺûʲô˼Щ
򿪻ƽϻЩطGþûƿߡ
ǽµı顣
ӣͷ˵־Ͱס˻ƽϻϱˣԺ١
طGҲ£ֻЦ̾ޡԸˡ
ʾӣ
ڴµϵģӣȥԱ߰һЩϣ̧ͷ
طGס֣һһĸͷϹ룬޾þ·ơ
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һοԵ˺һֹסʢϽܽݲˮͿʺѾֵ˲ˮҴҵĸˡ
طGӹ˲յ˼ڣ΢һЩ
Щ̫꣬ҽǲ֪͵˶ˣǸط⽮ҲŬΪѰҽҽ
ҽܲô˵ʡ
֮ܶһ仰ϾЩ̫ˡ
Ϊӣλϵһ𣬱Ѿɼˡ
ʱǿʲôʵѾˡ
ȵˣһһ֢״ֳˡ
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Ӻʮ£طGصٱ͵ѧʿ͢ڣ͵ܵ͸¶ܶ͢Ϊλ̳ˡ
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͢ſţ͹ˡ
֮ͬ͢һ֮УطGһλĸ󳼣Ļѧʿ̩Ҳһּ͵
߶̩Ļλ̳Ƕ֮طG־꣬žã羸߽Ϊ֮޳͢񣬻ʴ֮ܣ޸֪һˡ
̩ŻиµĿǣ֪һԦ죬µ۵ǻ˵Լ͢Ǹˡ
Ǻεȵκء
̩촽ͿͷлĲûж˵ʲô
ϾԽشŵԽеġ
졣
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طGЩС֣ɨһۣĬİ˰֡
̩ǲ֣ô⣬ۿϦĺӴһֱ͵ĵשϡ
ˡ
طGһ˼ţһ߽߳ĬתƵ˴⡪ѧʿ̩͢ǻ鷿ʱʦ
ѧ֮ʿ͢سվǻ塣
ͻᾴأҪӵˡ
Ǹλϣֻƾءδر㹻
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˵ѾǲξĶˣԼҲѾΪ˸
طGУôͣʼջǰӡ
ۡ
Զٷְֲܵġ
طGĬĬĶѡ»
ǻ壬Ҳǿʮʮ߰磬ûвμӹӶա
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˵ڿʱÿлʱ򣬾ͻΪܱװӡ
Ŵ£һֻʥ顣
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ܵܣΪ޹ҹԺ¡
Ϊ̣ϿңΪʵ̤ʵطGڹʮ⡣
ǴӺԺӼ񣬼˸ܻ

λ󳼵ѡö֮طGһ
ڰһаŵܵˡ


788 λƴ

̵Ļʺ޹֮СʵϣӣЩҲûһù
ΪطG彡̫ҽԺ̫ҽ˷ָţֺŷĴ໥ţΪ̲ҩš
ȻطGҲһֱӣûʲôɫ
ӣʱɵйţʲôҩĻ޶˻˳ϡ
жð
˵ҲЦ̬ʱȴ˸
ǰطGһҩϣʿΪ֮ҩ֮ٺɽ
⼸꣬Ѿˣֻޣ˼׷羵ˮһ翵ġ١缯оٽĺһЩٺһЩ
Ϊ¸õĽɽ
οѾһһ
ÿһ֣طGǿҪǿȥľͻᵭһ֡
ӣȫһˡΪһԽִˣ˵ԴʱӺʮ꣬һľһֱû
һβʱӣС״˳տռ䣬Ҫĵϣúõڿռһ顣
һ˿Ʈϣ˵ռʲôطҵһʱմڡ
ִҽطG壬ƾͺˡ
ǳտռ仹Ǹӡһ̶Сⷿûֳ
һϣûС

£ôţطGһ˫۶ɨһ۾Ϳ
ŵʱһ߳һӣһ΢Цžסӣ֣޾ϲʺζ˻ʺŷУûκδó
ӣ֪ǹⶺԼġ
۹ϡֻһͨǴӡ
֮ԺóΪ˷ѽ
ʱŷȻòѽ
Ҳӣζ
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Ϳ鵹֭ʱֵܲܳصİһ֭ƽǵÿһ棬Ȼ֮е˲佫֭սȥ
ĽǶȶйϵ
ӣָطGּһӣϲĻһЩ˿·ˡ
طGֽ˹һֻȴûзſӣ֡
˵־ô»š
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ˣʺһ¡طGһ߳׷һ뵽ʲôƵģȻͣеĿӣ֣µضӣ͵
ӣΪʲô¶ķ˿ӣ׼˵
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νƴӡǸ߳ơ̫ڳԪ̫꣬һּ⣬涨µҶҪϽɫҵ͵λ֡
صʱ򣬻ƴֻˣӺʱ򣬻ƴӵѾ൱ɹˡ
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꾭ڿУϷʣְ֮ƺŵġɢҡ
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˸ĴҲʣȻġ
˲ٻƴ޿ֵ̬Ҳº
ʱʵ̬ѾѿˣֻطGʱžգﻹܵЩϸ顣
˸Ѿüڻƴˣ޷ıˡ
Խ뵽͵Ľ֣طGԽǶЩ
סӣ֣Ͷ޵üɢӵܿɱһɱɷȥƱӰ쵽壬Ǻ͡
Ļ˶û˵ȥӣһ̧ۣӴеĺ壺ڣûʰˣа
ܱȺ֣λûȣ͵öһմ״ʵӵ֣Ҫõöࡣ
ӣ˵ͷȻгˣܵЩ¶š˷ɢ˾ҲͲֳô¶ˡ
طGֱ֣һ֣߰һ߿Цʺ߯ˣµ˾ӡеַææַΪﺢҼ£ܺסˣ
˵ţһɸֵģ־Ͳ᲻صĺףɵӡ
ӣ΢΢һԴ㿪ƣطGһЦ
գգۣյһڣطG˵˼ڵӵܡ
һֵʱӣסˡ
ǺN
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789 

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طGһЦЦ֪οܵԵʡ޸Nأ
һ˵ţһ߾Ͱ˵һ顣
ԭN׽Ϊһ£涯ˡ
ʵ˵ǽ˵ԼӺͶ鼫ãҲȫˡ
ΪǵʱԷȽƣٰ
ȶֵ˱ضԿ
СҲ򵥡ǳ͢ԱԶֶӣէոǾͶӣȻ⡣
Թ۵˼ƲԣϽͱ˹١
ȵͳŵıʿֹס˶Ź֮󣬸NֱӰȥ
ļҶۼƴĲܻظнˡ
һһ˾ͿǹĹţҪ˸
NҲĬ̬ȡ
¿ɺãҲֻｻȥܰ˷ų£ôһڣʱſһΧۡ
ͳҲʮѿټԼѺˣûüѶأȴԷǿж˻ȥ
ԵʮܣڰǰȨɨء
߷֮£ͳŵʲһԴͰֱӸ״
طG֮Զλƴ˼ԭ
еģطG

֪Լһ鷳ĺNܵ˺ֵܺ顣
ȻҪģ͹һλʰλƴӵľġ
طGҪúNص˸ϱвΪĻƴӡ
Ա֪ģҲԾٱֻҪ֤ʵ
ǣ˭Ҳû뵽֮֮󣬹ǵƴ˰µʱ䡪󱨳ĿҲͦˣвΪĻƴӾȻ˰ˡ
طGҲһûϵȻôࡣ
һͦЩеķŵĻƴȫ͵ʢȥûʥּûؾǡ
ʢ㶼˵義Ƿ͵ܴĺù䵽ǧı߽֮ȥ
ƴȻ⣬ȴҲֻܿ·
˵ϵ뽵ּÿ˴ʮ壬λǰҹ
ҿпˡ
NĬػظʰװ
檵Ŀ޿䣬ͷصү죡
һŮ˶ʱŵûҳˡ
NÿҲûʲôȻǷ֮ɫ
Ķһ
˵ˣԺ³綼Ǻ͵ġ
ȵ͵ǻ˻ʵۣѵӻؾǣ

ʢ֮Աа˻ƴҪѾϻ̳Ͽֵ׼
Ͼֻǽǲͷʩ
ԼҲġ
οһһЩɢҽǡɢձδˡ
еʢԱ˵ǧѷĽƨĺʱ
ǻ˺ô˼Ϊӵ׼һסʢһ³ǡ
³׳ơʳǡ򡰸ǽʢصϰڱ͵͵Ϊǡ
ȻŲǷ羰ȴǼġ
ص̡쾰ʰУʢԱǸΪӵ׼ྫլԺҪȷסʡ
⣬ˡѧĻƴǲʳһӦȫܹ顣
߻ʵԶڻʳǽ»Ҫ⡣
ʢͻǣС졢פӪ
͢ҲѾ˵ˡּ⣬ÿ귢Աٺھʱһرۼ
ʢԱǶöء

Ӻʮµףȵʱ򣬰һƴӵ¶˽֮طGԾˬ
һּ⣬ҪԼǰǱۡӸĳӺ͹
ⲻһС̡Ͼ־ʹͬ
˵Ѿ޴󣬹Ҫӽǹ̾ʮַ
𲽡
ⶼ˵úֹˡ
طGܸ¶Ĳٰڴ󳼻ɼ񸮸ܹܺ
һ׵ļ֮󣬺ﱨˡĳӺ͹Ҫɽ䣬Ӱһӹ¥˶ͤ䡣
ܳһģ
⻹ãիãȡܬ衢ࡢͻճɫµȡ
Щ㱨ûͷˡ
ڶǰһ˵ţһ߾ʹӻͳһͼֽ˫ȥݸ
ͼֽͱֱ۵Ķˡʲôϡʲô֡ߵĳߴǶ٣ͨͨӬͷСֱֽϡ
ҿүᣬݸ꣬ٳһŴֵġ
һϵţһ롣
չ΢΢ۣͼֽ⸱̬վԱߵĺɵʱӡ
˵ʵ̫ˡ


790 Ӻ͹

΢΢˶񣬺ߵã˻ٲԲ԰ٷʮ𣬱ʮȻȥһϹϼƶ٣ӦúǮ֮ż㱨֮󣬺ּС
ͷˡûУ
ȻҪԲ԰ٷʮ𡭡
Ȼп࣬ȴ˿¶ֻүֶͼֽСЯ㣬㣬˽ͼŴسһ
⵹Ǻͺ뵽һȥˡ
һ߸һ߾͹Ӧˡ

̵֮УӺ͹ĸĽطGҲͺӣġ
޸ոյǻʱ򣬾ѾǹȥӺΪйӺ͹ˡϾǱ֮أ˲룬ֻϽԲ԰ͷסţҲ˲ȥһˡ
˶٣סӣ֣ܣĳáֻ»ʺ᲻á
ѯˡ
ӣͷҪԲ԰ˣȷʵ궼زȥһˣοܸķˣκҲ޸ܡ檵ⷨҲ
طGӣ仰΢Цˡ
ӣյһڣ峯⡪Ҳԭġ
峯ܶྭѵǿǰѧġ
˸ҰĲԪ۰ıӽĵۣľͱȸλڳһҡ
壬춼ԷֿΪ˹ʵǰзֿˡ
ûãıײ峯Ҳ峯ıײ֪ˣΪ˹ͳΣֹңе豱ڡ
ǵôȴڲϵı࣬Ҫȥ
תﶷ
øݡ
طGЦˣӣ޷˵ԭ֮һ
˶٣Ͱ֮ĽӺ͹һԭ˵ˡ
ܼ򵥣ҲֱӣӺ͹ĳ˲ش̵ĻʼԺȶɹšĵλ
ѾӺʮ꣬ڱ߽ìܡڽ̳ͻȻ׷ӡ
Щãͻв˵Ȩһμ̳˵ͳΡ
ɲر߽Ĺϵνʮֽʮ΢
ʵϣӿһֱʵеľǡ˻ƽġ
νƽ̣˼Ǹ³ɡ
ǲش֮һ
طGǻ֮󣬸ǽʰһμãԼյ֮ظĳʾ峯͢ɲر߽ӡ

ھһȵ֮Բ԰һ˿˿⡣
ӣƵĻʺװпڴ¡
طGվǰūΧվǰź
ã޴ʺȥӺ͹
طGվڴϣһ£΢΢Цӣ͵
ͰԽƯϳϿҿңʵİ£ж̩͢һӣ˴ƺԩҶͷʾЭľͷˡ
طGüˡ
ȥӺ͹ڣӣе⧲
ϾطGݲȴǰӵʱˣҲүʱˡ
ڳ˵߾ߣ
طG·𿴳룬룬ȥǣס֣ص߰ɡ
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ƲҪ͵Уӱ޵ĻܿҲܸϻˡ
ɣӣתͷ˿ɫ
ѾչˣһĹҲֻʣһ룬ʱšʵ̫ˡ
طGƢصͷҲУʺİɡ
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ڶ³֮طGʹ΢԰ˡ
·ҡҡλε·߷ɳ۶ķ羰ӣ·оԼ˲صʮǰ
Ƕʮǰˡ
ʱ򣬻طGһݳѲ
طGĶ棬˵ַеСϣ˫ŵġ
˻ǵóߣɹɹ̫ձڵ˶ˡطGһ۾תͷķ羰һ߾͸̾
˲̵·֮ͣסˡ
ܱѾȽˡ
ӣŮǷ̧ͷǰӺ͹
Ϥİ
˵ϤΪϾһԽ;סĵط
ŮطGȹ˶ʱһ¡
˵İΪǰӺ͹ѾҲǰӺˡ
úơ
طGֵӣǰ̤˽ȥ
Ӻ͹ųϡʵǹȥĸſڣֶ·
еĽϱߵʽ죬໥Գƣׯϡ
ĹԱ๤ͳӭۺ˳ذѿͼˡ
طGʢǰ̫ཫͼչָŸӣϣԺӺ͹**
˵ɷ£ӣֻ̧տϴ
ȻЩûǰ·ѾԺĻ档


791 ̺

ôһ˲䣬ӣȻһ
ִûдԽʱҲȥüΡ
ʹȾ㶼ȥˣƫƫûȥӺ͹ء
ʱѾȥˣҲ֪Ӻ͹Ժ󾿾ʲôģˡ
վδ򸣸֮УطGָŸо޴ĺϣҪһ޴ķ
˵ԭѾǵ;ˣһ޴İ̴ľ
⣬Աߵ**̴ľ޺ɽ˿ľ
ֻ벻û
طGһ̩ߡ
ǻʼҵ԰֣δȴѾˡ
̩Ǻ̺塢̩񰲵˼
Ǻ˼
Ҳʵʡ
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ӣܵؾһ
طGӣ⶯ɵؾЦˣӣԹһ䣺ӣ޶ʺʲô
΢΢ͷǰĵȻ뵽һЩȻ뷨ջļ㣬Ӻ͹ҪһشĻҪüʱ䡣
Ҳ֪ȵɵʱӻܲܿסˣ

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֮ϣȻȻһ
뵽طGļ΢΢˲תͷһߵİޡ
ǿˣĲǴСߡصԺ󽨺ˣһΡ׳۵úܣ
ʢЦͼϣʺô˵͡
ӣһûע⵽طGȻ顣
طGܿ㽫סӣļͷһõطơ
һ˵ţһѾӣԱߵѷ¥
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ȵھ̵ϴ֮˶Щۿˡ
дˣŻʺҲôطGһɾɫ£ڴϣһֳֻϥϣһֳֻӣ΢΢ҡҡЦž͵
ӣȥ£ֱסĸ첲΢΢ԴʹĲӣ͸пһ䣺Ƕĵĺܡ
ôһ˵˶Цˡ
ǵģ۵кܶࡣ
ֻҪģ㲻ƣ

Ӻ͹ĸĽУҲûʢĻƴţкüʢѰðϵװľĵĲ¶˺NС
ʰ굱Ҳֻеķţǣھ￴ķһŰߵʢȥ
û˵ͳ׵Ĳ˰ˡ
Nھǣյ˶ĲָʹæµڿҿҵڵѰ
ʼ䣬ڶʢǴڸǿĳС
ӹͨɶϺͼ֡ŦҪأǶҪҵóġ
ΪʢϽﱾвٳľĵгڵĴľикüҡ
ЩɫNͳͳǿϵġ
ȻҪҪôͱ죬ҪôҪƯ
ʹ˻ʵľġӺ͹Ĳð졣
ھ֮УÿÿյĬĬļһʡ
񻹲ʱȵʵʱʰ󣬽Nӻġ

һھ͵ˡ
ǹڣ̺壬̫ƽȻ߽żս£ƻǺƽġ
ȥһƬ衣
طGǻ֮󣬹ĵʮˡ
ڵĽĿ˵˵ȥʵػôЩ꣬ҲôЩϽĿ
Բ԰ˤӡ
ѡֵˤӹһǿɹѡ֣꣬ɹŵˤѡЩͻѡֲ¡
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طGϲӢµĺжģλ֮ϣע䳡ϼҵսҲɵ¶΢Ц
ЦţյѾŮһˡ
طGֻһۣͿǰһյӣԵģ̧̧֣ʢԸˮʺǱһˡ


792 µʮ

ӣҲڿˤӵģȻͼʢЦӯӯĹͶ
ʣҲܲµõطGͲ˴͸֮ࡣ
ǹصĶǻϵ⣬ȴʵۡ
ΧԼԶԶģĽ۹Уӣл˶ʾߵĹŮȥյˡ
תͷλȥطGԶʱĿϡ
лˣȻһЦ
ЦأطGȻоӣЦܱϤһ˺¶һ¡·ת
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оϤһűý˪ǿκõʱҲǶ֢״
顣
΢΢Ŀһ˲طGۣ;ǰﶼȶ
·ղֻͻһˡ
һľò
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Ȼǽղϵı鶼С
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طGӣ΢ɲĵ˵ͷ
Ƿ֮Ĭ˼ĺܶԣҪˡ

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ҪǸղڱ䳡Ͽһ˲ɫӣҪӺõĺܣκˡ
˺һ

֪˶ãůɫѾƵƵʱˡŴӿͥԺС̫ŵؽµĹƵ
һյһյҹɫ͸ƶܰĹâ
ӣҲڴͷ΢΢Щģʱ۾ѹ
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ӣΪСˣǼϵͬʱŴһЩ꣬ѡ
طG֪޾
ӣһ˲ϵ΢Цֻúͷ߳һһ亹
޴Ŀ־;ĵð˳
ӣ˫֣΢΢˶촽Ŭβŷϣ

ӣһϤӣ˹
ڴڵĴ͵һۣſطGֵǵظ
ԼһƬɫı֮С
֪ʲôʱ˭Ѵ˯ȥˡ
ղŵġһجΡ
ϣֽץסطGһӾˡ
طGֻøСһ§ԼһĴĺģһĲ񻰵غʲôجˣ£޻㡣
һ˵һ߿ӣͷ亹ǽ˹Ůˮӣָͷ
ԭǳΡ
ԭֻǳΡ
ӣڴϣطGָɾ˶ͷϵ亹
ղһʵ̫ʵˡ
ʵ˺ѷΡ
Ƿְ˲ֱ֮ľֱſڵľޣޱߵ
үһ߶ţһ߾͸СʱһֽĳסطGɫһǡ
ǲ֡
·һ֣ǰһоׯεһ㣬˲Ʈ첻ˡ

ӵƷ˿ƣطGϲ̫ͼҲֻ۵ĵطͼӵݡ
˿лˮһСľʹָﻬˡ
ӣѽԼָϽ˼߬
ΪӺʮꡣ
µʮ꣡
طGӣ飬ҲͽЩ׹ˡʺ߹˴ķܱ꣬ųȻξʲô
°˵һ𣬻ţڣҲڡ޲һˡ


793 ޲

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ӣû˵һٵһšڹҲ¾ܵˡ
ʷϵӺӺʮݱġ
仰˵ֻҪ£˵׼ƣ
˵׼Ժ󻹻ӺʮꡢӺʮꡭ
طGһһοģͿӣӹת¶һ˿ڴ־ϲĹâ
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˯һȻǸо࣬ʱ򷴶תתͷҪûʺģ̫ҽưɡ

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ӣԱ߿̫ҽϵ򶨣ͷһ
Ȼ̫ҽʺ˸ͷϸ˵һ¡Ǻ֮ǰ
ӣǵöϢٲģƽʱʳע⣬ƣҪ
⣬׶ŭҲܴ󱯴ϲĴ̼š
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طGӴӣһ߳߼һ߱Ҫ¼ϵϡ
طGֱҡͷֻǰڣõŴ
ӣɷ˵͸ˣסڲѣ̫ҽ˵ˡܺ檵İɡ
˴ůͼѾúˡ
ĶǸɫ嵭ʧζļȡ
ӣطGطGŸոհӱߣӣѾʢнӹһֻɫӸӱ󣬸طG
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ԤŵʮµףһһЩ䣬ڹů
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Ŀʶֲ̧˲ͷֱůû亹
ղطGѾִӣСһָˡ

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ˣĴʵҲˣ󣬾͸ðѩˡ
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طGһȥֻ˵θڶˣָ͵Ĳ
ʢЦžʹǰһϵϸϸľ˵һθոŷ͵Ȫ㡣
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طG˵ͷͷԸ˵ҲһЩȥض࣬һһ¨
ʢϽӦˡ
طGԸˣָڿ˿ӵȥ
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ôһ˵˶Цˡ
˴˶Цһ˲طGȻͰϸˡ
ס֣֪ʺڵʲô
˶٣طGЦЦֻۣͣһͼϡ޲롣

֮еĴ⧲ľ͹һ˿硣
ں棬ʺ䶼紵΢΢
ոտ첽߹ȥҪӹؽȴүضԻʺĶ޶һ𡣡
˺󱳶һ¡
·һ׵ͷ˽ţַ·͵˺󱳡
ɻûйؽĴҡҷţﾪ㤵վԭأֱӡ


794 

һ£ƺø
ӣ˵áꡱĸĸܣҲš
ңҪǡΪǴִԽˣ֪Ӻʮᷢʲô¡
Ƕκε˵طGԼ֪ʮꡱζʲô
ǰܵСõӣҲʼˣֻӺʮβʱܹÿһ㣬ٿһ㡣
ֱ޲һ˯ȥһۣѾӺʮˡ
ߡĺ«̫ϻҲð
ȻԸӣ֪ǲܵġ

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ϾۿѾҪˣټϻӱϾǰ̫ҽҲǿ˵ܲ͹Ƿ氲ŵ¶ֻҪǵϵزģǶ˶
ҲŬΪʷһЩϵĵӡÿμʰɫһЩΪӵľ³һ֡
ͿյʱһʹСܾ˸ġ
ʰ谮Ҳʮ۰СǱ֮ۡУ˲֪˶ܰĻ䡣
ݸʮŨġ
һ˵ţһ߰ˣͱݵ
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ڴǶȥ밲Ҳһ
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ڴʻɵöͶ˶
վǰȥɵؽŵһ㱨ʰ
طGһһ΢΢ͷв׵֮㿪ۼ䡣
󲿷ֲ£͵뷨Ǻһµġ
Ͱ°ĺƯ
ȵһˣʢŽүߣӣСϣˡ
⻰˵ûͷûβطGȴ׵ġ
վĺ͵ļϴԺЦݣŶӵǼ
һ˹ͻϡ
طG˳ȥʢͲϾ⣬֪ôأͻˡ
طGһ΢΢ͷһ߲ɵľͼӿ˽Ų
Ӻ͹ĽȻ뽨ɻأطGѾŲӺʮµ׵Ľħ衣
˵Ӻʮµףȥƺ£ʵҲնˡ
ʱӺ͹ǰѾʰĹ㳡ϣֱ׸ߵľ޷ƿ
ƿǲĵ룬˼òʶװѺҹڽ̾ử
ͨƿѾˣ׸ߵľ޷ƿҳȻʮ׳ĵġ
ħ衱ǰġ
νħ衱ָĻϣȡ˱ǹӡĳЩʽΪ˲ش̵һܳʽ赸
ȵʽʱ̨ϻдŽɫ׵ĴͬʱڳĹУвɮСͯϳγϷյ龰
ȥ衣
ֳɺü֣ÿֶԼ⣬֮ܶϲ͡ףꡢħ⡣
Ը̫ƽ
ʵ֮ǰʱ򣬾ǸѾвٲشԺÿ궼Щʽ
Ǳ֮ۡħ裬⻹ǵһΡ
ΪӺ͹ĽûȫɣһħģʵǾǸشԺѡɮˡҲҪһһε
Ȼ񸮵ܸ˻һһεĹ档
ӣھ̵Ļʺ޹֮УѾطG˵˲ֹһˣ޵ʱʺȥħ衣
˼תƵЩϣ޲ȫЩ¶עźá
ϾЩ²ڲ񣬺ķѪ

ھǵصĴѩ֮УӺʮĳϦˡ
طGҲǰʮʱƼݻϽǡ
Ϧй¡ءֵĴͳգѩأϿտյҼһϲصĿʼꡣ
طGҲûš
ڵĹأҹʱӾ͵𴲣񣬼ȡ
ȵʱȻҲܰһݾߣû㱨㱨ԼĹ
һʵʱġ
ȵˣҲˡ
ʱ򣬻ʵ۾͸ȥһʺͻʺԼеһλݹһ緹ˡ
Եǻ׷⡪ϵǶҹʢ
ʺ޹֮УӣҹѾױˡ
ǲҴʱȴʺʱҲоԽģó
ǲ
öůһźŻʺױһ߾ͷֽʺ״̬Էǳġܡ
öΪΪԵʡ
תһ롪Ҳ԰ⶼڹ˶ٸˣ
˵ˣҲСˣڹ͸˳
еɶͷԡ
ڰѽȥˣ
öһŵĸʺŶΣһ߾ʺ￪ĵֹһ䡣


795 

öȻе⣬ǿӿģԼɵҲ΢Ц
̧Ϳվڶ
ֻһĬ
ϽǰããĹ㳡֮ǰ޴ޱȵٵƶѾڹǰˣߵĶúԶԶĻܲϵǻÿһţūǵȼ
⻹ֻǴ죬ȵϣһŵƽʵ͸˵ˡ
ǵĵոŲรͺǽˣΪŮ죬ߵҲǺͻǲһĵ·
ȾǸʺ밲
ӣ§ӣǸŮĵòС
СӾܱܵʶ˭
֮ǰڸʱ򣬺ѾĶˡ˵˹˻ʰͻ꣬Ҫйòý˷ִ硣
Ͼǹɲú֡
ѪԵǸϵģӣֲֻ˵ĳӣСȻϲ
һӣϵѱȫˡ
ӽߣſڻϾͶԻ˵Ż
Сһĺ
ոŲѺǸߣӣֺǺǵҡָȰˣûϵ
˶٣ǵǵùҲֹܹǹ꣬¡
ĸΪԼӷ˳ģͻǿȺҪ
·ֻҪʮĻӡ
ǺӹڹľǺ
ĸĻѧУʦĻ
ȽᣬһѾϰˡ˼άĺӣҪˡ
˵ġ
Ļ˱ĵĻ粻

һ֣֮֮ۿѾͷˣ̫ʺƼݳϦˡ
ӣվ˵Ĵӵ֮£źӵС֣ȥ
ʺķѾ̨֮ˣΪ˺ﱲǶ༸׽ӣ̧̧֣ʾ̫ǽ¡
ˡ
ϦĴ֮УŵƽʣһƬ̻Ի͡
ڹأӱԼһӣǻʺҲԱߡ
طG˽ӣλúԼõļ
ȻһӣѾȫһˡ
ǣҲݵλԼϯ
ϯʼʱδϯ
ǳϦҹʽоǰ̫Ҫȸʵ۽ͣȻǻʺٸλĵλ
ֹ֮ʢҹʽ˳
ҹڹһֱиת磬˼ʵҪתڲͬӵ˵黰
Ϊɼ࣬ģ빬磬ϵģ˴֮вƽ⡣
ʱ򣬻϶ÿһһҲͶˡ
ӣʽģⲻͺִתһ˼
طGöˣֱ̧̧֣˰һʽȥˡ
ûȥˡ
İĻʺߡ
ʺ
طGüĿᣬյӶӣЦ
ӣڳԲˣʱ˿ӣҲԼ˾յ
طGžͷԸߵʺ󻻲衣
᲻Ⱦˮġ
ӣûĿġ
ӴԽԺ󣬹ô꣬ûôҹ
˽Ӻʮˡ
һʷϴûڹӺʮꡣ
ûҲٺȵơӣСԹź򻻲ʢ
ʢᣬشӦţȥͶԻ˵ˡ

һϦȵص޹ӣϴ˻£ֽͷɣѾҹˡ
طGӣпڴͷʱͿطGѾԺģˡ
ӣǰȥ
طGһ̱˵ӣӣˡ
һֹȥҴӽǣһߵ滹ⷪ磬᲻òȥС磬ϲ绺һ
طGֱֻǶ΢Цһ۵ΣʺܵԽ߶ˡ
ӣҲͷЦЦһ˲䣬ȻӾͱסˣҺÿģ
ĳѾȫɢ˵ģʱһڱ̿
طĢһûһµģĺ󱳣βǣһˡ
ӣſؿû˵Ŷһһµ
طGֱ£סһֽ˱֮ϣò񻰣һˣúϢȵµף޴ȥ
ʲôʲô
ӣͿһ˲µ۾§סطGĲӣ
طGַͷǰ鷢ȻʧЦǰյ˵ū˵ġ
ʵǽħ衣
˶٣췢㶵ӣ;ʮ
ǺǱۡʱһģһ
ȻͷĶͷ

ȵѹʱѾˡ
طG޹


796 ϸ¶

ÿʱ򣬶ǻʵæʱ
ϦҹҪҹڶһ磬Ǹشʽ
źʺﴩЬһߴһ߾С˵ߵʱصض˵˭Żʺ
ĹҲС
ʺһˣûʺúЪš
ϾѾ˹ùõˣȻİһ˵ˣʻʺҪҪš
ٲõĻҲͲˣһõŵʱˡ
öѾϲĴŮǽһڼ黰ȸ밲ʺף֮ǰ͸һˡ
棬ӣһ۾Ϳڵİ˱⻹ϲġʮСˡࡢ۽ӡһƷ
һƷǻ׷Ǵײˡ
￴ӣһθڲѵģʣӣҪҪŷ͵θ
ӣûʲôθڣ⻰¿ӣ룬Ȼһ͵ŷȥ뼦С⽰ɣٷŵлҲȥɾҪ̫ˡ
ȷָʾͺС̫ˡ
룬ǲģǽöźʺԼŷȥԸˡ

ûãļС⽣Ѿ˹ƯϺסϲˣƤ
СǸոճģ͵ĴлȻŵĲ࣬ҲֻζƤӨ͸Կеϡ
ˣҲˡӣֻһֻС⽣ͷԸ
￴ŻʺԵ㣬ȻСʮֶӵθڡ
ԼԱҲͷĵЦˡôˣӻǺʹǰһθڲõʱ򣬾ϲС⽡
ǵÿʮ꣬ĺʱڡ
ովеŮѡ֮ӱѡıո
Լʱò״ŷʹһ뼦С⽸ӡΪ£ڵʱรǰǳһСķ粨
뵽֣ﲻɵһ
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ôһۣҲѾʮˡ

ʱʱҲֻ硣
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Ͼ֮ǰ밲ʺõﲻ
طGǰҲûЪţһӴݡ
ʹڡ
ǳԲˣдʹڵϣҪԵġˮΪ
ַڵĴӣдֺüϯ棺峼ӳԡϯ峼ӳԡϯ⣬ϯҲΪȼϯΪȼ
رϸ¡

һʮ죬ת۾͵ʮ塣
ϽĴϷҲһ߰졣
ӣãÿϷû£ϺҲϲĸ밲˳Ŷ￴Ϸ
ӣü˯ʱ򣬶߶лˡ
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ô֮ǰûôϲأ˯ǰʵ
ӣֻЦ
ϽʵҲͦãر
ͺɽɫԲ԰ѾԲ԰סôõʱ䣬һԱȲ͸ˡ
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طGĸӣͷҲǲ⡪ʵ۷㣬ȷԲ԰¸㡣
Ϊ˹üݸҲδػ
Ƕͷͻȥɡ
ݳݺɶ죬Բ԰Ĵ죬ʱҲӦˡ
ӣ۾ˣҵȥ׼׼кЩҪȥء
طGһЦһļͷ˵ʺˣҲ̫鷳ܡ
˶٣ԼУ󣬲ôڡ

ۼݼȻ¾ͻԲ԰ʱ٣Ȼæ
ʱȻԲ԰֮УԲ԰ǰչĲøŵƽװġ
ʱȥһƬ̵ġ
ԭµ׵Ӻ͹ħƳ˼죬õֵ˵ۼݻԲ԰ǰһ졣
طGɴֱӾͳˡȴŻʺȥħ裬ȻٻԲ԰ʡ·ϳͶ٣ȥ˷Ҳ˷ʱ䡣
Ļ̩⣬Ӻ͹ǰһֱȽСǱ־Ѿϵġ
ϷһյĴϡǾǰǿߵĵط
Ȼǲܹۿħ裬Ҳ֪һʢ¡
ǹ꣬ͷܶǺ«ַζСԡͷӡɰ֬ˮ۵ıȱȽǡ
˷
ȵһ·ӵŵӺ͹ǰӣ˷Ŵͼ񸮵ظԱѾ֣أϹų飬һǰӭӵۺ
⻹кüλɮԱߡ
طGס˻ʺ֣ߡӣͿʯ֮ϣѾ˺̺нΡ
ֶֹϴ·ҲɴרŶƵģʮֽ


797 

̨ǰһֻ޴Ǽܣôֽ͸պƵģвٷͼΣģ͡Щӣȴǿˡ
طG֪˽⣬ǵͷߣظͣЩǱʾԹħѪͨӳ֣Ϊϸ¶׸
ӣŲž˽һЩ
֮ܶΧƵⶼһģսʤаǻۻַ𷨡

ȵۺ֮ڸɮĴ£֡֡ŽֶĽе
赸ǿʼˡ
ħŸɫۣɫƼ磬ǰŹͷɵ󣬿ʼ赸еĻ׶ߡ
Ȼ׶񣬵֮䣬ˮ档
һַ޵С
ӣڹĶϷٴ󣬷ȴǵ͵衣
ټ赸
طGſţתͷһߵĻʺ󣬾Ϳӣ۾̨ϵĽħ裬գһ۶᲻á
ӡֱ·ӲƵġ
ȻиɮԣطGһûסЦ˳
Ȼͺʱڻģ
ÿ𣿡
ⶺ΢΢ӣ˲ӣЦЦ
ӣˣѹûطG
طGɵֻñЦǶˡ

ȵصԲ԰öڹŮǣھ̵Ļʺ޹֮һæµ
еıʶ֮ԸߵСŮ˹ȥǰͥԺʺЪϢ
Ͼһ·Ͷ٣ʺҲˡ
ƽϢʱҲ˯ˡ
ŮȥͥԺܺܿͻˣöùһ˵ǻʺѾȥκˡ
ϾѾǣʺƽʱҲԽֻŸͳȥˡ
öˣҲ⡣
ڻʺ߼ʮ꣬ڿҿҵӣʱȻﲼúˣһ˫Ҳв
ԭתתöתȥŷ׼ŷˣ׼ˡ

Բ԰ĺϣ̲
Ͼէůʱ򣬻ȻɣϾˮϣ洩硣
ӣطG֣קڴȥվڴͷͷ羰Ҫκ檱ŻϴˣΪ˹ƽҲ檵ģ̫ҽ˵ˡ
طGֻҡͷһεĳ硣
һ֣ͽˡ
ʵǶôϲκֻ뵽һħ裬ӣĿתôġ
ɼЩ꣬ǽڹǽ֮ڣеöˡ
˵ʱĹŮӡˡ
طGʱ뵽оùȥӣʱ䣬ʵ̫̫١
ָӣ££װıΧһ֮ƽ߲ʱǴůʱڣ羰ȻùǴźӣȥׯסһӰɣ
νġǡʵָľŮ񡢶ǡ
˶٣طGһ۰̧ӣգ⾩ׯڶ࣬ϲֻҪſڣ񸮽ʰΪʺĳйҲ޷
ӣһۡ
ֻеۺˣūǶ°˵ѾĬĬ˵ȥˡ
ӣְס֣Լϥϣͷһһָ
طGָ޳͵ģԵ
ӣһġֱ΢΢ֵ
̧ͷ΢΢Դ̧ۿطGص㣬ĶҲȥ
طGһû˵
촽Ĭظ
˾ô㿴ҡҿ㣬һ˲طGȻȻһЦתͷŴĺ档
ɫչӻĴ˽ͶϣĽëһʵĽɫ
ĶҲȥԲ԰סӣ֡

µף״Ȼתֱ¡һظϽǱԲ԰
Ϊ϶һˣЩóɣȻδʸܸһصԲ԰ġ
ֻܱĶϽ
ͬǹȻһ¡
˵ıȽϺֻ˵ѾˣأȻ̫ҽҲѾ˷ӣūҲŹҩȥ
Ҳû̫á
˾ǲͣգкѪ
ֻǵҲͰˣк˵ġʲôûԣкֹ
ʮͳŲסˡ
ǵѲɡ
Ѫ˵µԽԽˣˡ
ӣ˼ƪţƫƫطGھᡣ
ȵǰ񣬻صʱӣϽطG˵һ¡ֻǲˡ
״Ҳܰ˸ӵԲ԰ҽΡ
Ų
ҪӲŲĻҺܿ·Ͼһغˡ


798 ɲ

طGҲ̾
̾̾ģʺ̫ҽԺȥЩƣſˣú
ϾҲǵǱۡˡ
궼ˡ
ӣȥˡãص˹ⲡʲôҩʲôҩܵ
۶ࡣ
һó곤ӡһ䣬ݸ߲ȵ͵˿ɶȥ
û뵽ĵǣŵ˲ŸոմԲ԰ȥͷϽǾɥˡûˡ
˵ߵʱĹ⾰Ҳң档
ҹĹŮ͵˯ˣ˯ſڣҹʹ̡
뺰ˣͷۻһͷصԵ˵ϡ
һůѬ졣

ӣ˵ֻ˵ζϾԼոմԽʱԼʼļ֮һ
ʱ
ԭͬʱѡŮ
˵Ҳͬһˡ
ᣬǻһ͵ŮϲԼܣǶԼһֳľµģ޲ڡ
ӣǿһ˫۾ŵ˼
˭ʱֲЩأ
ѱ˲
ȵ֮ӣů֮УĬ˺ܾãͶ
һ£׹ˡﲻó裬ǵġ
ʺߵңв̡
ǴԼСⷿﲦЩһ档

Ͻ£һ꣬תۼѾˡ
ĺʱڣŨҪ˳Բ԰ﻨ԰ÿ񸮵ʱ򣬶ᰲ½Ļֽ԰
һƬ̺죬Уǿţ;һɲϵ
ɵ鲻á
ԴӺʮף岻˿ʼطGżͻЩпϣʱ԰ٻʢŵҲþ˲١
ʺ󣬽Ķ磬ˡ֣Ҳġ
طGӣ֣૵ؾ͵
ҲѾþˡ
ӣ֪¼įˣͲž⹬˶ϲ
ս֣΢Цž͵ãԸǣʰ׵
˶٣۾һ£طGҪǽںϾٰۣ
طGЦӦ漴ҡͷˡ
ӣҲûټ˵ˡĺ«뷨Ȼ
ղҲ¡˵˳ۡ
ʵ
ڶѾ·ˣѹûˡҪ۵ĻѡҪɸѡһ顣
⻹Ҫ
Ҳһܻۺõġ
ỹີѼˣ滹ǣ浽˰ȫ⡣
ͰչȥĹְɡ

ڣźǽʺ밲
;ǳÿ죬²ͷϴһء
꣡ǰΧסӣеСޣСŽţŬͷһڡ
ӣЦ۾ˡ
ֱסԼﱲǡС
Ҳźӽˡ
ӣһû񣬺˵˺һﻰóܺSĴƲҵ֮䣬ɶźSЩⲻĽᡣ
ʶҲȰⲻĿ뱲Ӷôȥˡ
һһȻص
ӣĿζֱҡͷǻôᣬ뱲Ӷȥˣǻʶǳˣ
վЦŵ˼
˵ţ۹ƺæΧ
ྐྵӣһ߳һ߾Ц⼱ʲôǵˣ
˵ţ⣬ѾСŶ̴ˡ
Ŷ̴ʱѾ쳤ͤͤŮټĴһǶһվӣ۾ˡ
㣡
һ§С͵
⼸귢˲١ŴӣôҲѿԲԲĿرϲ
ǷŶ̴Ŷ̴ںǷߣֵÿĵʱ
ʼ΢Цŵġ
ЦЦţЦݾûôˡ
ôˣ
ӣĲ仯еĲյǰ˸
ҲֻҡҡͷؾͿʼ˵Ů˵Ŷ̴ѾôˣٹҪ˵µʱˣǡ
Ŷ̴ﱧߣһСһ𣬻ֵ߰ӣеЦ
ӣ˲Ů뷨ǾŶ̴ѾССˣôСĺһ
ȥĻ̬ôôѽ
ⴿ졣ӣֱ˵ؾͶŶ̴ⲻһͯİˡ
һɲɣʲôѹûϵÿ˴ΡܾܲϣûģЩǹؼ
ӣ˶٣ЦеصŶ̴Сأ


799 ɽ

ҲЦˣЦеȻǰŮģ񵽵˶ˡ
ӣͶԼǰ
סһһֻ֣΢ЦǣȻǶѾ˶ˣڶҲԶҵĺúӣ
û˵ֻ촽Ǽе㷢ᡣ
ҧ촽ЦЦ˺Ȼӣϣص

ϣӣص̵ϴ֮ոհ˸ɵķ٣طGʹӽǵĶϻˡ
ӣڳһֻӣطGŮǹһأЦЦҧһڵӾģ̲壬һֻ
طG⼸ӶҪˣ۽һ飬ҡҡ֣أ
ӣջ֣ߺصŴ׳Զ˲Ҳá
Ѿ˻ˣҡͷԵϡǵģ
طGУֻһƬů⣬߹ȥվӣߣֱĺףŷԸūˮ
̵⣬ɫˮӴ֮սͶڵϡ
վУվˮһ㡣
ůѵĵ嶾Ŷɰҡڡ
ϴ֮󣬻ɫµطGȻ;ˡ
ǻ΢΢Щơ
ӣģתǿûпԳ
ӣߣǱģȻ֪
Ŷ̴˵һ顣
ŮĵúأӣЦŵ
طGһֻǻ֮ǹ֮Ѿ˶ȥټŮ飬ϲɵҲ¶˴ȸ顣
ӱӣ˵ŽŶ̴飬ҲЦˣСŶ̴ҲҪˣʵ¡귨ģꡢﻹҪġ
˶٣͸ӣʵϣӹԺѾĬĬڳ͢ټӵɫѡˡ
Ҳһֱſŵġ
ѾкüѡͶ֪ġ
дŮȻ⼸Ů׶ƫǸŮҲˡ
ӣ˵Ѿ£ҲڰŰѹأЦˡ
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Ϊղֳ˸ӣӣ˹Ůۡˮȵȡ
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⣬ɽҲֻһ֮
ھɽз棬һٻʵʼʮĽģΰԻ£͢ļ洦
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ʱΪּµļ٣ǲʣǮҲࡣ
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¶ȥ˼꣬ǰ£طGּ⣬ٻʵǰ㳡ľͰƷ
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ӣƽﶼں֮СԲ԰ķ羰쿴Ҳľ
˵ܳȥתת˾
οֻҪȥתתζĺ«ŻѪͶϣܹϢһա
קطGӻ˻ΣҲ𵢸飬վͶɣ
طGͷڵƹİӰĿ޶ʺġ

ֻ׼һգۼݾͱǰɽٻʵ
ϸðȫϹɽĹԱǰջϵּ⣬ûи̫
ӣö֣˵ϣŸո̧ͷһҷĲľ㡣
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ĿԶֻ֮䶼Ϊ֮һ󳩿졣
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طGӣ֣һߣһ߾Ͷ˵ɽʵǾеǸԶȫǾµ֮


800 

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ӣתطGɽ·ȻҲЩֻЦˣ֡
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طGӣ֣߽ٻš
ʼٻʵרΪۺͣ;мõĳаʵڵݻ
Թмհ
峯ĹӼݱ֮Ǭ幬ͣŰ£Ƶɽٻʵ
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طG˳ְժˣӣգǣֵߡ
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ӣߣֱٻţطGض˶ģ֮ҲݲЩڲ޵Ļʺ󡣡

ھɽʣµķ羰Уһ֮˻Բ԰
һ·ĻλƣطG΢΢ͷϣĿϢ
ӣ棬Դҡεķȣһһ»
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طGûʲôθڣֻǿһС׷ͷ˿ӡ
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ֻǵĻ˻ԴطGһμҵʱʲô


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˵Ͷµ۵㵽Լ֣Ͻǰּͷˡ


802 ͬͬ

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ͨԹ˵̺ϣ˺ѷεغӣ

Ӻʮ£ģӺʵۼݱԲ԰̵ʺͬ׷ʵ۶ȥ
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лʵʺϽǬ幬ڣʮ֮µӺ͹ʮһ̩ꡣ
λһģĻʺ󡪡ϣǵگµΨһ֮ˡ
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