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زڹŹ߹һ磬ԼΧ˾ٵɣ䷢һвѶµ١ڴ˽бķˣʮƽ
󲡳̵״̬顣Ϊɼ涾ΪҽɽսʮĹ˸Ϊɱ£һ
ֱҵҵɸ
֪ԼҲٵģλЩ˴
磺ƣˣң
֮ʮ꣬½ٹ챨
澣𣬵Ѿˣ˵Ҫ
絭Ȳ裺£ᡭ˵Ҷ˰ɡ
澣˵˵ˡ
磺

=С糡Ūѧʦ=
˶·һΡ
磺ȷʵ
жʹ
磺Ե
µҩɽⰡ
磺
ṫӲ
磺Ҷ

ģϣӣ㣬һء

ݱǩ ǿǿ ͢ 
ؼ֣ǣ/ݰ  ǣ  
һ仰飺ȫٵ
⣺ر

1 ֮
ǳϣ󽫾˰׳
һǰʮִͻϮأ󽫾ƴֿ佫ָϻشĮ󽫾ȴսɳʬ޴档
Ϣطǣʵ۴˽󽫾ˣλӽӻطǡ
˭·ͻ轵籾ಡȾϷ纮һ
ڷǵ˶˵ǻˡ
ˣŮСʡ
ҡͷѹ̫ҽ˼¾ǽ졣
ϣһۡ
Ųɽ¯̣ɼϵϾü޳˫ĿȴԼ绨˵ĻȡſȹѪԭ԰׵ıҲմȾ˼ɫ
һ׹ӵİѩĵӺޣԵĴһ
λŮδˣҲ޷ķɡ
ֻпϧʱȫޣûлˡ
ʵȷ壬̫顣

Ϧѩʻʱ
ۣ֮ȺɾʱȻһصط¾Ʊֱʣˣ֪Ľˣ
ⰲǲӵıһԭĵȻһҲ֮Ʈ伸Ƭ
䣿ôˡ
һλ뷢԰׵ָһ԰꣬½׳̫ӣҲʮ꣬Ȼûꡣ
׳̫ӣ½٣
ĵ˾ɫ˼֡
û뵽ϣİԡ
ʵ䷽Żŵĵͨ黨ǰ̫ҽ翴οĻû˵꣬ӱѪ˹ȥ˭֪ʶʱȻһϵĵùĵ
һǰس£ҵĽȫ˴ĮСĸ׵СԼζܱ
ٺã綼Ҫ뿪ؼңҪĸףҪٵԼ
ԣ޷뿪ĵ
Ѿɥãֱ䡱֣´
žˣȺɳûע⵽жĵĬĬ̽˹궼˾ƱУԵøԺͷ
䵨ĵƺ±˷֣ģ˰ʱǸǰ
ǰڶ࣬Ϊعɰ࣬ѡһ½ꡣֻ˼һΪ˽ĳϽɡ
ҪûҲû˵Ļ˾ٵɣ׺ʮʿﲢҪһ
Ҫ
ƾʲôʱǲʡ
ƽ˵һӣ΢𣿸ؽʿѪᣬվֻھϻҪ֣
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˵
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ˣǾȻ˵Ͻװ궼һãȺֻһᣬ
ֲ֪˶ãȺϯղһֱͷĵһֱ֦ͦ
Χһˣֻһϡ
Ǳͬʱей޷ܾԼʱǰɿû֦ⱾΪߡĽĩβ
Щ˵ġϷдɵľӣµԣڱλǾġ
ʶģ֮ʱһҳʴؿԺ
ߺոʮĹͬ꣬ݰƵۡ

ۣоԼؿڴ类һۡ
ĶߴŮ̫ҽĽĺһһѪ㲻ܿƵӿ˳
ȿȿȡ绺۾ԼǰĲʲôɹƵĶʡ
Ǽ⻹һɵĿ㡣
̲סԼһ£ȷѪ֮ǾǶ䵥ĵ
Լֻص
磬ˣоɺã練Ӧһλµĸס֣һĨһʵ
ͨ˫ĿػʵУûˡ˵
ĸײ󽫾ˣǵΨһһǱصºԼĲһҲ塣
ƵķУ˼޷ӵĻҰס
ļһᣬͷʶĸѲᡣ
̫ҽ̫ҽ硣̫ҽ⿴Զ̫ҽ֡ϵĹӷֻʣ°ţôȻ֡أ
ǰԼôֻأ
ʱᵽһ㵭ľζлżĵ㡣
ƣĵ
ãԼƺ֪ʲôԭˡ
ھ˲ٵû뵽Ȼκⳡ󲡡֮⣬벻𰸡
ʱǰ󽫾ĬĬΪ׼¡Ȼ˹ʱŵĽޱ֡
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⡭ԣղŲԥһ£Ҫܾ
Ͽû˵꣬ϵȻ˵á
磿ǵãԼĴϲʹһĵطҪسµĻطǡôֱӽ´Ӧأ
ҡҡͷͬʱڱ߬ȭ
ĸǴ׵ĿأأС߻ʵԶӡԣԭޱߴĮ޼ʣβǿ⡣صǡʹ񱻹ؽһ㡭
ҪǷڴǰȻܶԶԶ
ĻĲʣȴҲı뷨
ڴ˽бķˣʮƽݼˡĽʿǣҲҪһٹˣŻͶ̥ת
ܱĳλɼǵãЩͬڻ¡
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һʱʮ
ˡ
ʱһֱΪ̫ҽ̲ס̧ͷһۡһ£ײӵ
׵һˣʱ̫ҽΪϲбȿˡ
Ȼֱ磬֪ʲôǹ޾
ţ˫һϵƣŲݺӵĶʡ
֪ģ̫ҽȻáĹӣȷǲýġ

ϣĵή˲䣬ԭʧٴγ֣ʱϾҲûС
ĺӣȷͻȥ𣿡ղ˵λˣ̲סһسʡ
İɣ꣬˼ƶȻĺӶ˶˵˶ȨƲȤȻǰﵱˡһϷܾ빬ǽЩȥ

ʱǼλѾˣֻһ˻أҰ׵ӡ
£ڻ˷ǣҪץʱ򽻵һٿɾͳ׶ɲȥˣ


2 
游Ͻһ½ɽͬѪƵĽֵܡ
Ͻ󣬸潫Ůܷ֮ΪɻʺϡټϸϡһλûСͬڻʺϥ³ĺ֮뵱ʥϣҲȷð׺
¹Ĺغܶ࣬类ŵתһȦһû̧ͷʵ۳ʲôϡͿ˳
ʮ겻̫ɡ
򱻻ʵߵֹȥ꺮ǻǶĵط
һƬ֣ˮߡ
ʶ̧ŲԶȥӰһͤǰ
ͤˮ֨֨ѽѽתţɽϪˮˮϸߴݶɲǼ
ڹδľ
̲ס࿴ۣипס˵ȷܡ
δ˼ңԼҲҪԺŪһڴĮϣˮǸ鷳
ֹ߶ŻʶƵ˼ͷɻϼҡ
ѩɽˮ
ƺ԰
̶̰յ蹦һͤڽ뵽δؼ̲ͤסЦһ¡
ṫӣṫӣֹȫãԼ˵ĻʲôЦġ
ȿȣЦ⣬ظһ飬ʶƵ
š̫ĬΣ̧һͤӣ¿ڵȣÿ磬ڴ˴
Ҫˣ
һ¾˾
ڴʱûֹĻԶֺȻҡһ֦۶ϷġžһɫӰӣȻڵλ÷˹
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ģһ䣬̧סֹҪӦѸ٣ѹ̫֮࣬ǻֱˤڵء
ͤĽνתͽȻý
ȻӰٶȣʵ̫졣
ɲɵֱֻһϢҪݺݵײˡ
ӰضһŴҪǴ򵽴󲡳ṫϣ²Ҳˡֹ˲һ亹
Ȼʱ򣬷ŻվԭصȻ̧ڵһ㣬һ̱ڰӰһţıķ
󽫾Тڵ紩һ£ֲɴʥĳײϸϣ˿˼佫δŵİѩ
ʱڱĺڷһƾһīװذĵ
һ̣վڵԭء
š顱һǵӰںݺݵײĴϣҽ
мʮ¹ڶ֮һ
ʱſղǵӰԭǸȭͷСľ
ʱΧĽйŮ̫һпչľȫ˴˴
֮ǰȻ˵ϰ䣬û뵽λȥǶ˼主󻨵ṫӣȻҲһա
ȿȿȡغķδʹ
ľʲôõģôڻʹ
º𣬴ӹŹ˳֮ȣһƾܳκõġ
ֹĴһ˿ɺ죬һ̾ͱԼ͵͵ý˸ɾ
Сʲô
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Ҫǣ֣ҪǲԼĻܽľȥĻڿһߣȳѪ
ֹ죬̫

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̫ڴϣһ̫ҽΧһҲܶӡԼòһ㣬ɲٻȥ
ǵĴٹǣĸͷȣ뷽跨̫ҽֹĴûмˡ
⡭ֹϴǾܾ˫۾ȴԥһ¡
ʱͤһߣִһҵĽŲ
תͷͿһɫխ۵꣬ȺŮ̫༲˹
ͷؽʶλ꣬ڶԷֶʱͤǰĹŮ̫ǺȻ߻򰲡
߻ӡ
ңվȺ˵˵ϵңɾһᱻ֡
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ԼǰԼĪʮͣ΢پԴϻм޷ӵĽ֮⡣
էһۿȥɰ
һվ߻ߵ̫æǰȥľ
Ⱥں洷裬û뵽һ񣬽ľײ˴˴ң첽ߵֹߣЩ˼Цһ£Է鵽û˵ˣֹ㡭
ԭղǸľ߻Ӵģ
аɡ
绺Цһ£ͬʱĬĬ߬ȭСصĻǻᰤġ
ҵܵ
·ģʥϹ·æСȻȥֹһ£ίѵδҪע⡣ϣֽңߵ̫ࡢŮݺݽѵһͨ
˶֪߻ӸȻЩݣȴܵûʵ۳谮ľûˣֹҲһֻ۱һֻˡ
ȻȻңϽգգֹۣ֤
һؿڣȻǰһ˹ȥ
һ̵ͤӳ£ȴԵޣϵʣǵĹӸȫͬ
էһۿȥޱȾޡ
λǸ֮ǰ˵ṫӣңЦһ£Ҳǰ˵ṫسĸҲˣҲͬ硣
ң߻ӣϵңɾǵùܵ磡
ܱܱ꣬ꡣ
Ƿǣأ
ǿѹ˵òشЦһ˵ԭˣҴӼд˲صĹɡ裬Ҫǻӵ²Ļ´α
Ϊһó緽˵Ķ㹬Ҳܼ
룬ңܺӣӦûϲ
Ȼܺǰһðǿɾ˵ˡ
áЦһ£ص˵ͷ

߻ӹλû꣬ߺ󣬱ص꺮
մһȺƹ֣ңϵЦ⣬һеɫľ򣬺ȻЦһ
ĹŮ̫֮࣬˶
һֱ߻ӵ֪ңûô򵥡
յĹңͽ꺮ڡ
ֽľӵһߣ̲סظһǸ֡硣ͷؼ棬֣̫ˡ
ԼղֻŻһ£û뵽ϡ
˹ȥȻǱ߾Ͳýˡ
۵̲סʣպպɰֽд硱Ѫ֡һ̣ϴһĺ档


3 δ
׻ʹǰǰʮ꣬ݳޡֹת˰죬ڽ꺮һȦȥ
̫ӡѳֻʣͱȽСĻӻڹ顣
ȣƹյĸ磬ҪǶĵطˡ
ղߵߣûӰ߾ʹһЦ
ôô֣
һ̣һ˵ûʵܵ٣ᣬʵٲһɾ˵ȥˡ
꺮ûʲôˣ˵Ļ˵һһ߻صš
ʵܵ١
ôˡ
ȵȣӣ
Ųһ١
ͣټϢԼΪʲô졪
ߺոʮĹͬ꣬ݰƵۡ
ϵһģһγԺ֮С
ݰǸմɵϻλʮ켹һͳµ
Ȼһߡȴû˵Ǻηʥ
ѲݰԼһˣ
һ̣ǸܺӵҲһߴ˹
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Լɵľ˴һС㳡ô꺮ֻʮ鰸
ڳ̫ࡢŮ͸ղżһܺ⣬иźµСӣԼһͷ꣬ϻһЩϾɵ١
ɲǼ䡰ݰ־ʹԺ˳
ʱûע⵽ĳֻ֣ңٴοʵ֣ǲǲᵯˮɽѽǲȻӣ
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ʱһ£ȻھϣԼˡߡĩҳʵ⣬кڱʼ¼µɵĲ㡣
һǰݱǸۣһĻӳݰʹ󣬶ĿȾ֮£ҲһΪӡ
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һá

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״ʵ̲ȥֹ˹֣ǸСһ
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ԭ֧ӣ
н߰ͻȻָ̧ϡ»ȥ˰׵󣬾¶˳
ģһϸܵĴࡣ׵СϣԵΪͻ
һֱͷݰ̧ͷ˫纮̶Ҳ˹ȥ
ʱûһ˿һĲʣ˫ѻɫмԲ˷ܡһֻѪҰޡ
֪ҵĹӣҪʲôأ

꺮ͬڴʱһĨǳƺȻ˵⣬󣬻ʮŮ̫ࡣ
վڵ˵̫ע⵽ˣŲһð亹
ʱ䣬һƬμ̫ӵ£̫ǧǧǧǧꡭ
ŶƳ̫ӷĿ΢žףʱЦվڴǰм˼
̫꣬Цһ£ʾΧ˲Ҫ˵һſʵ浯ٵ˭
ص£Ĵ硣
磿̫ӻظһ飬ĩ˹һص̫࣬ɣ

̫̫ӵ˼Ϳֱңһڡ
̫ûоŵٵˣվĸԣŵٵ꿴˹ȥ
ỺҲڴʱ̧
һɲǣգǰ̨ͤȫΪġ
̫ϼܽޡ˲
μ䣬Ǽ˵̫ӣҲȻһա


4 Χ
һˣҼž
ݰﵯٵˣֻǴûһ͵˼һ֧ˮɽգļֻʣû˼ȥġ
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̷Ķͬʱλڻ¹ϲķѰŮ̫ӰӶ
ߵԺᣬһŵĹңЩԼǲ˵ط
ṫӣӵסšѰְ첻̫չС̫̲סѵ
ţ֪ڻعС̫˵ͷ˵ҰɣҽȥӣϾͳ
ǣӡ̫ߵĳˣȻɻ󣬵С̫һ仰ûжʡ
գ绺̤̦Ĺš
ʹǰ׼档ոŴֹ֪Щ͸Ψݰ
ݰδʵۣصﲻ
飬ʱʲôųıֻǸղŻعӡͱȫһȷЩȥ
˵ʱ̫ͨġ
ڻ¹ݰǳĲܳ۸ö֮ƲŮ̫࣬úõֵȣ˶ûһע⵽ĵ
ͷؽûж룬ϾҲʱ˳ͨһ
ľֱߵ˷Ѱ
ʱѰУݰޱǰȥϸȻϵҲһš
ݰͷһۿңһš顱һǸҾȻ
ϸұϿĻһѿڣѪ
ݰȴüûһ£ֻǻ̧֣µ΢ЦſԼеĶҡ
ڴʱѰ⣬Ȼһ
˭ݰｫҲؽ䣬üʵ
ң硣
磿
ݰ˶٣ǰȥؽŴ˿ͬ˲䣬ϵıȻ仯
ǸԼ
ṫôȻѰĴŴ˿ݰЩȵسЦһ£ſڵλ˳
ǴʱڿҪһͳµı
ݰȴеȫͬ
ٰĳɢڱֻһɫĶдɵؽôڶߵīšݰ΢΢ͷɫĳüޣ˫۾ûѻɫ
ƽ˵۾˵Ǻɫ˵ء
ݰﲻһپڸӵس磬ûڵ
ݰĽëֳܽеĹ赲˫⡣
£һɫ롣
֮λ޵δʱʦȥһƢûС


5 
һ£ŶԷߵ˵
Ѱûˢᣬȫľɫǻ¹ټšҪǣһŮ̫඼ûС
ź󣬾ȻǶԷԽµġ
ֻʣ²裬ṫӼЦˡ˵ţݰҪָ絹ˡ
ǰ׺͹⡢¶â꣬롶ߡϵδʵ̫׼磬Ӧ˰ġ
ֱݰ˹
²鷳ϽЦһ£һС˳Ҵش꺮£ûüúôкһ
Ļݰ¶΢Ծı顣ƺҲû뵽Ȼ˻Ὣ͵Ѱ
ݰعһ꣬ʼս͸ˡ˵ʹͣٺۡ
ϣЦһ£ֱӽӴ˿
װһѬ¯ʶʶ˶һۿﲢܣǾѡġ
ⶫݰﲻһǹӰҽΧлŶԡӵ̫أʵڡ
ҪܾϽҡͷ˵صزȫ˵⣬һҪ£ϣʶسݰգգۡ
ǿˡء֡
ߡдݰƵۺһñ߹ؿ಻ԡȻûϸ˵ţرǡ಻ԡһӡ
һҪǰˢˢڸкͺøжȡ
ϣǸʱǰ껹ܹ̣
Ȼݰԥһ£ص˵ͷ
ֻϧûʲôȤʲδúû񡣡ݰ˵黹Щȡ
ȵľ
Цһ˵ʲô񲻻ģֻҪǵؾͺˡ仰ĵĲˡ
˵䣬翴Ѱװ£ԶĲżϣ˼˵⣬ʲôûСȫδһôϲ֮ˡ
ѵ˵һʼʱݰֻǸǫͨӣ
ٹһ¡
ڴʱ䵽˲ԶСϣһȱҵĹ١
״һ£ִһ
Ǹõҡ
Ҳᵯ٣Ҫﾡþòˡ
ӡͬݰĸףֻһλͨŮʵʱûһҹС
Ů䱻ΪǣȴҲûʵһ档ֹǲŹڣΨһĶݰӵݣ͵
ֱһǰʹˮʵۼݱҲҳһ࣬ݰŻصǡ
£ǰѾ٣Ӧݰĸ
ǰһϲġ籾ԥҪҪֱͣٵһȱţŽ˳
͸ղŵѬ¯һҲֵǮ
ݰһ£ǰʮδȻȦһ졣
һݰûоܾлṫӵ
£ͺˣǧô
粻˿̲ͬסʱһԼ
ףлߣ
֮ôҲѧأ
ʵ¡Ҳл
ں˼ûע⵽Լֵһ̣ݰĿޱ侲Ļһжӣ
ʹóǿһ쾭¡ֻѧǿʳδҪ׷ƽֻԼվȨƽĶˡ
ͬΪӵңΪòʣݰᵽȨķ㣬Էһ㣬˲ԼĽ¡
ĪְԼ֧ӵ磬Ǹࡣ

˱Ͼ죬ûã뿪˷Ѱ
ߵʱݰԽ͵⣬һΪӵļӶûС
һ빬ߵĴѾҲ˽
ջס֪ȥѾߣһĵǰȵ˴æѹʣӣôߵôˣ
дҵѾߣһ
̲סʵô𣿡
ҲǲСҧҧ˵˵̫󣬶̫ϲȥ˵۹ϵãֵʱΪ䵯֣ǸûġûǴס
ˣ׽ڱ˵ӻ𣿡Ȼü˴ҵĻ
Ŷұ˱첻ٿڡ
ʮǰǿʢʱĳõ綼֪ݰ֮ǰҲ͹ӣֱʹСˣ׷
˰Σ̲סһ䣺ȥӵʱôͲأ
ϣҵĹӣ⻰Ҳһ˲ŸϽ˵⻰ɲҽ
֪֪
˽֪ʹǸ˲¹ͷĵطݰͱ׵͵ǶӡͷŬţȻҲ˴
ȻЩδеֵ
ߺɫ
ݰûеƣֻǾ˷
鰸ߣȤؽѬ¯
硭ݰﻺһ飬̲סһЦ
Сӽֺ
ֻϧǵҴˡ⻪¹κһλӣɶԼǿ
ṫȻƯȴûʲôʶ˵ı¡Ƿŵʹһ϶ȥ
ǸƯˡ
˰ΣŽƵǸϡ
ĲͬݰҵĿ纮̶һ˿һûС
ңͽһȥٶ࿴һۡ
ݰ޵ģʲô
ĸãʵۻټһ棬ûûҹڹﵯ١ݰĸĳֻ࣬ħһԺУɢҲɢȥ
˵Ů֮ӣֱӴһӣָ
Դˣݰ޵ĶıֶΡ
ʮ꣬Ļӿɶ飬ֻʼ顣
ѵŮĶӣֻ䵯
ƫƫִӡ
ʱ˿̣ΪԼأڻδڻıǰ˺øжȵ粻֪Լֱ׼ݰۣݺݵشȥ
׳ƣˡ
ҹɫŨݰȥ
ֿǸԼֶңԥһ£ʰ
Сʣǵġ
ʰҵһ̣ݰȻ硣
ָ˳ɰףΨָ⴦ΪŪңһɫĺۼ
һ»꣬γɫ
Ȼɫһ㣬һ㡣


6 ϱԹ
绹֪Լ̫ͷ϶
ڻ¹תһȦϤʽӶӡ
ʥϹӶŮڹܺңδݰµСĻӡ
ݰڽһԲʱǣ꺮ﻹһ˴ڡ
ʱ̫鰸žֱ˻˯
ɽһʮɣʮɡ࡭
ʮʮš
̫δ˵꣬ͻȻ˴ϡü˿ȥṫӣʲô˵
Ѯ̫̹ʥϣڹＫȨ
ϲ˴Լ磬ϿʱһĲɵӣںȻڣֱӱڵҡ
˵ɽ翴ȥ£һοڵӦǳʮɣʮɡ
㡪̫¾͵ɴ۾ЦĴ˴ӣȥͷ顣
Լ˼ʮ飬ûг
ȻϢ󣬱ŭ̫ɫȻһ䡣
ʮʮţ
˵ľȻûô֪ģ
̫¾һףƺӶ
ѧⱾˮǸͼ־缸󽫾ͱ米ȫ۾ܻڸɽͼһʶ
̫ı飬ңһ±˹
̿ĵȻ֪
ݺӵ̫вʵغ飬ظһ飺ʮʮšϣڻǲʵôǵģ
ˮٶҳᣬ˵ݣֻһĶûеļע
Цһ£˵糿÷ǡɼǵöѡ
ǡɣ
粻֪ݰ˫ѻɫӣھע
ںŵݰ￴мһīδɵֽֽϵĺۼȻЩʲݣܿš
续ɽͼ
һͼڡˮ²ᡣ
һͽⱾ鵹
ݰȻãƯӻûô

һϢʱ䣬ңʹյߡ
ƺغܸȤʶģҲǳ⽲Щദڲ֪нңԼܵܿ
Ͼ˶һܡ
ĸ˵ӥݣǸ𣿡
Ȼᡣء֣һ¾˾
ӥݱѰݴܶ࣬ǶȥԭŵġԶԶǶҪпһͺá˵ţ綼ЩҪȥˡ
˵ǸңݣʵҲԼ档
ãң̲סϧĸûῴˡЩįӵģȫͬ
ңĸҶ
ᵽ
صҶʮʱ̽ڴĸ磬û뵽Ȼ˻ʵ΢Σ±һ飬ӻػʹ
˶˵Ҷǻʵ۵氮
Ǽ꣬˻ʵ۾ƺŮݰ⣬һӡ
Ȼþ꣬Ҷްڹڡ
Դ󣬻ʵ۳ײ󹬣ҶĶңʮ֮ǰסǬ¹ʵԿġ
ʱңֻȻβС
ʧģûס̧֣ңķԴԼܵǰ㡣
ûз֣Լߵ꽩һ£Ҫ㿪˼Ϣ󣬾̲סԼزһ¡
¹ˣԼ
Ǹ⡣
ң̲ס̰ᡭһȻҧֱӡ
类ĶһôʱңЩ֣ôַ˵
ңصԼλϣˮٷһ飬ιȥȴһֶûпԴ
ң֪ĸǲġ
Ǳɱ
Ǳ󽫾ɱ
Ҷأԭδġ·󣬵δԶһ·׷˷ǡ
Ҳ֪Ҷôδϵϵģ͵͵һӣҶȻųκĻᣬһˡ
ʵ֪Ȼŭ¹ϵ棬ûţֻ˽׷Ѱ
Ҷһӣӻء
ңľ˾˸ʵ۶Ҷһ˵ֻҪ̡
ֻϧҶײ󽫾ϡ
˾˵Ҷ󽫾ӵ֮󣬴żʮȥΧ¡Ҳַ֪ʲô֮ҶջûлصǣǶ
ʵ۽ѹֻ˵š
ȻԳҶ߻ӣȴ׽ƵϼҴӳñԵ
ĸʧƵңԵλˡ
磬硭ң߶֡
С֪󽫾иС硱ĶӣԼ൱
󽫾Ҫһ䣬Լƫƫ뽫קԨ
Ҫ󽫾ɱĸԼʲôеġ
磬Ҫ־ȥɡ
ң۾߬ҳ
ĸ˵иСɳèСÿСèȴֻܻɳĮ£û
ңȻãɳèһ
ִ
ֻСè䵽ԼԼҪȸͷ湻ˣٽƯСһˮС
뵽ңȻִյȥ
㷽˵ӥݣǧҪǣϣͣһ˵ˣոһЩһͬһȪһ԰ɣ
ҡ
ԸûȤܾת˶Էݡ
ңɾ
ܺӴһ֣綼Ҫˡ
Ļȥͷ˵ðҪӣҾ÷ݡ
úãңǰһ̲ס˲ĸ첲ȥǿġ
ԶһֱңĻӣЩĺһ¡
Ҳ֪羿ãôȻôϲ
һ̣ĻЦ
˽ң
ģûʲôṫӶ˵һ߰ˡ
ȵˣͻᶪġ

꺮Ŀ꣬ң磬ԼȪȥ
ݰڵǲ
Ŀ⻺ıӰһʲôҲûһ㣬Ŀ˻
ʱݰ߽꺮Уһ̷ɫȹĹŮ֪ð˳
򰲡͹˲ͬŮޱ֣صݰһ
šݰͣ˽Ų
˫ѻڵǾþλ߲е߰ݰôһ飬Ůɽ
šͷ˫΢Žһ͵ݰС
꽫Ž˹ֽдһƬ˼ֽۣ˹ŮС
ţԷͳʯݰ棬ճҡ
ż¼˽һµյ¡
о޾ϸ


7 ˯Ѩ
ȪˮʱֵʢģƿܿһƬܽޡ졣
ͻʹطһȪܽޡ⣬Ҳ˲
ң̫࿳ӣµһˮõСؽ֦СΡ
Ķۻݡ
ƽĵң춼ѵðԣʱʱطп
ôʲôᣡ
Цһ˵Сʱ̶Щѧġ
ͨĵһ򣬸зƷĿ
Ҫǣ߻ʵԶĵطԼ󽫾֮ӣҲӲǹһڼ顣
Ҫ棬ضû˱ȵ磬˵ˡ
ۼݵĹǼܳͣңҲԽԽ
Լǿġ
һתۣɫҲѱ䰵
ˣ罫ݹǼܷŵ˰ϣȸջͼȥʹ󹦸ɡ
ҪȰңԸʧ
ǼܽӵУȻ¿һ۴⣬Ȼ˵磬ʱ䲻ˣסȪɣһ㽲ص¡
콫ءֹߣңƺҲܸȤʶġ
һֱæݣûע⵽ɫ
ȪûüܾңתԹ˷Ը죡᷿ʰһ£סˣ
鷳Ͻ֣һңֱס֣գ˵ôˣȻȥƹ
ͣ
ңôһһ
ҪԼƹϽܾĻ˻ȥ
ˣɡ
ҡͷ˵ðɣƹ´ȥɡ
ţңĵصͷ

ȪˮУˮ裬һ޺齡
翴˿»ˮӯӯܽޡ΢һɾ翡
ֻϧеȣҲԶࡣ
ʱϣһҡӣһͬң˵
ʱ䲻ˣҲЩ˵˼̲ס˹Ƿ
ңʡ
š˵ͷš֣ȫñģǾ⡣
翴ȥģĽë£ۿžҪ˯ˡ
ʱӡϣңĽǶȿȥһֻʤܽޡ
ңڿԼ̲ס۾˵ʱҲˣҡ
Ҫȥ˯ˡ
Ļû˵꣬ͱңϡ
ǵϢˣеȡһᣬһʱٻصڰɡ
ðû룬ң˯Լûϵ
û뵽ңȻץסһ£Ȼ˵һ£
ӣ
ͺ͵ݰﵯʱһģһ
̾ң˼ǣ˯ҿţ
ԭܺӣң
Ҿ֪ңܲ۶ӣ
Ҳˡܾ̾˳һѽ˳
ɲңһף
һᣬһֱȣ˳Ҿͺˡ
һ£ңֱӰ֣ˮеĹŮ̫ȥԼ˰üģſ޺Сϡ
ĬĬҧҧ߬еȡ
ңСĴû
һ̣ңΪ罫ҪʱȻЦһ˵ð˯ɣҸ㿴š
ϣǿȶĶỺȫӡ
㣬ңҲˡЩɻ󣬵ûһ۾ȥѾ˯졣
ôһʱ䣬һ䣺£߻ӣ
û˻ش
ң
û˻ش
ͣټ룬̲סһЦСؽӷŵϡ
˭ȷ˭ȥɣҡ
ǵãɸֵضԼ˵ѧҲ֪δʲôô
ڣеġȴЧˡ
ָңϵ¡˯Ѩ
ң˴ңա
ָвѽ
ܺӣһңĶ䡣
ûзӦ
״Ц֣齱һ̺ޱĵңҴñǡ֮Լҡӣ߳ˮ鿡
Ů̫඼ڵڣڻȥ̫׵
߳С鿺ԥһ£ȻͷˮϷȥ
ֻһ̣㡰žһºȣʯһ㣬˾绨ƮС鿵Ķˡ
̤ѩ޺ۣҲˡ
СĽǷ̣°㾲ڿС
վڶϿۣתб˷֮ϡ
ܼխ·ţ䵶ֱָʣ棬ȴһ¡
΢ȵڲãˮ鿶ûһڵҲġıǼ⣬ᵽһ㵭Ļ㡣
ɱңĵطˡ
һҲ˴롣
תкü£ֻҪһͻصջɳСɳϵˡ
ǰܾãʵ̫ͬżȻһԼεأϵ£ȴԶһ֡
ôڷϣ۾¡

ҹɫ˯˵˸
һʱൽˣˮ鿶⿪ң˯Ѩ
ͻ¹˲һѾСӺԼܵ续ϵȺŵ磬ȫûйң˼һҲ
Ȼң棬Լ桭
Ѩ罫ӷŵһߣһҲſڰ˯ˡ
ҹң㱻ѡ
̺֪ʲôʱӵһߣһ۱㿴һµſԼԡ
ңһ£Ż˯ǰ¡
ڸԼӡ
ſڰ˯һҲңʱڸ첲ϣüīɫɢڼͷƽ׶˼ҵ
һ󲡵ɫ԰ֽ촽ֻʣһǳۡ
˫ƽԵһϺٿһ˿
ңģȻص¡
˿ңϹе΢Цʧˣ¹£˼֡
Ŀ⣬Ҫȹͬ˳ࡣ
԰״ӣ˵ңͻȻһ˿㺡
ô˯ȥ׾ͻȾϷ纮
ǳ֮ӣǲԼûйϵ
ңĿ˻ֱȥ
һᣬиС̫˳Сؽ硣
ṫӣṫӽȥ˯ɣ
š۾ֱӡ
أ
ոջصˡ
վȻС̫ŵȥ
Լжһ
ңȻǸСûĵܺӡ
Ժߵ᷿粻֪һСûġңеһʧߡ
ֻҪһۣͻ𷽲ſڰϵӡ
ңշתһֱԶ췺ǰ׶δعۡ


8 ϵ
ڶ죬꺮֡
ʱչʵͻȻ֣˵Ҫ鹦ΡŵȫֱҲҳһ
Ķɳɳķ
ʵһ߷ˮһ̫ͬš
ԼûʲôϵֻҪһ뵽鹦Ρ⼸֣ʶؽš
ڼҵʱµľˡ
չأʵʱǲ̧ͷֱʥյġСΣǻڷ飬ڽŵͬʱڵֵס棬ĵ̧̧
һ۾Ϳ˴׵Ļʵۡ
һƵüĿӢ쪣ֻ۽ǵļϸƣܿһ͡ʱʵü̫˵ȥǳࡣ
͵۲ʵ۵ʱһתȻֹ֣һسԼüϵı⾫ʡ
군ˣ
̽Ŀ˻װ·ҿֹǵľǰȹԼȻֱӿѣɾҪùˡ
ʱ򣬻ʵ̫졣
ľ飬ʱ䵽
Ȼʵ۵ߴ·ɨ߻ңȻ֡ݰһƬհףɾò񻰡
üһ˿֮⡣
֪ʥϵȷ氮ݰ֮ʱĻӣʼնеһ̡µƺʧµԼ
ȥǱʵָָݰ鰸תֹ˵
ϢǱ͵С
꺮ﰲš
ݰ鱾Ϊ˸ɾ
鵽Ǹ۵ˣʱΪͷ鰸ϵָ
ݰҪùˡ
֪ģҲһ졣
ѡˮıһ飬ҪǱĻҲͲ꺮ˡʵۻ۾̲ס˰Լ̫Ѩȥͷۡ
꺮
۴׻ǰû˵лӲġ
⼸ŸߴңݰѾױʵ۷
ѵ˵ΪĹؼ¼
粻һ
̲ס΢΢꺮һſȥ
ݰﻹһվ鰸ǰͷ˫ѻɫƽһ˿

Ѿϰˣ
һ̣ջĿ⡣
վ꺮꣬Ȼ뵽ݰһΨһġʦֻһ
뵽ͽȻһҲð亹
ôϲұŰ
ɲȫ۽̸ݰ
۽ˣݰﲻǼУ﷢
־ǰб˵֮ԱƣϰࡣԶ
ϰࡣԶǰʱͱĻԼôأ
̶һ˲䣬˺ܶܶࡣ
ݰ󣬴û˽̹Ҫƣû˸Ҫһûʵۡʮģ۵Ĳбġ¹ۡЦ裬ڻĵ׵ıŰ
δݰȷġ
ݰע⵽Ŀ⣬̧ӣЩɻسǰǸ꿴ȥ
ཻһ̣Ȼһ¡
ߡϵĺɫ֣µġ١ֻɵĲ㣡
Ȼǲ㣬ǾǿԸĵġ
ݰ꺮ܺúý̽ôδǷ񻹻ᡰ಻ԡأ
Ȼãȫµˣһ֮ˡ
ӣûҹ
˼֡
꺮һƬž˶񱻵Ѩһ
Ϸ΢΢۵Ĵ׻ʵۣѾؽͷ
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Ҫһѡ
ڿ£ķԼ鱾ӵţһƵ鰸䡣
ס˺ûСĹ
ˮӡˢʱӴ֣ҪݰõĻһܹ
ȥˣ
һУصͷ۾
£
һ̣һƬž䣬ݰڿڡ
Ӻʤ̫꣬ƽɽ󴨡
صڴ֮ϡ
ݰ￴ˣ
ˮĲֻǴӵڶοʼڵѱᡣݰٲ죬ûһͱԣһΡ
ˣ
ڻ˫ۣһ
Ȼڱ˺ðճһ룬㿴ʵ۲֪ʲôʱҲۡ
磺
Ļʵۣ۾ԣҲ֪ûпԼС
ڼҵʱΪܴܵڻǿ㡰е㾭顱Ҳұ֤Լû¶š
ڴʱݰڱԡ
ְ
֪ǲǴܾһػʵ۳Ĭʱⳤ
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絹ǵԼ
Ҫûʵ۷ˣԼ࡭ϼҷ
Ҫݰһжˡ
ŵʱ׵ڿˡ
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ɡ
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粻֪꺮ϷˣԼСһ
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ԺҪ쳣ϸ񣬵ʥ̫ӵʱ򣬸ÿ춼Ҫ鷿ΡҪǴְ壬˷һС
ǸʱǽšͲ衱Ļᣬȥ鷿Ҳղŵһ뷽跨ѹԼ
ʵ۶ݰûκθ飬ǰĻ棬ȴѵþӸλһ£ԼΨһá
񡭡ֻ࣬иԡ
Իʵ۶ԣݰ᲻ᱳȫҪǶλ䣬ġ
һΣһ
ʢ֪Уһϵʱôȥ
ֱʵŵһģһ¡
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ɾʱһ벻鷢ˡ
Ѿߵ꺮ſ紦ĻʵۺȻͣ˽ŲȻͻȻ
磬Ȼģǲӽݰˮ´вģǱһܷϣʵ˳ȥ
һܷ
統¾꺮
˵ʵۿԼСûв𴩡
ݰ꺮飬̫Լ
⣬ⶼʲô
ʵԶһˣ̲סſ鰸ϰֻޱȼѵһŲݰԡ
ݰ棬ޱǷϵس̾һ
ͷһأ˶Էδš
һſݰ鰸ϣľʵİϾؿȥĩˣޱȼѣĳ˵£ǿɾһϵˡ
һҪúѧϰ
⻰ݰ˫īڵͷزһ㲨һʯӣ׹˹ž֮С
̧ͿſԼǰ꣬ȻһСĴָ
ݰһ£ں֪ʶǰСӣҪԼ
ɥɥسҡҡ֡
Ϣݰָ̧֣ͷס硣
á
Цһ£˵˻ػ¹һĵġá֡


9 
ݰᱳˮǲܱ
ղżڰض
¹ﲻ޵īӣʱǲˡɵһ鱾һƬհףȴܱˮĵˡ
ţԺͲ꺮ʱȴСĶǱ̯ᡣ

ôãʶڹȨơʱңǵòһô鷳
ݰûˡ
һͷһؿһˡ
*
Ҳû뵽ԼСС;Ҫˡ
λƮƹſ鰸ɥһȻָͷһԼ˵ɥɥ
һһŵĴҶһ
ӣôԼԼ
ҡҡͷȻվ˵ȥش飬ȫ
ˮɲʲô鼮ֱѧȻѧģӻʼС
飿ǰһҪˣ̫߳
ԣתȥһһЦشҹӣҪȥ˵ˡ

ɥµ磬Ȼˡ
ݰ˭δʵۣ
׻˵ĺáһʦͽǧն
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еģԼһϰ֡ݰﶼܶΪʦʲô
ôһ룬Ȼбͷˡ
Ȼû˽ݰˣ
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֪꺮ʲôĴңȫ㲻ԼүһɥһῪʲôô˵뿴鶼Ǻ¡
糩δ޵ĵʦʱѾķԸȫ˳
̫࣬Լһ𣬽Щ˷Ѱ
δʦڽˣ

Ѱ⻹ϴһһŵ˶ûС
ôڹһӣ֪ǰĻݰߵ̫๬Ůȫ㡣
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ӽڵϱ飬ѲǿǶ˻ʼҵˡ
һֱߴʮ꣬ѧʲôöأ
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ֱһ
ڿ̡Цݰڻʲôû
ᡰžһȫӸߵС̫࣬첽ߵȺڳԺҵߣ
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ԳԳԣҪǳˣôǵԴһһˣ
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ʱС̫࣬С׷ϵ·Ѱ˵±ϳ̫̫࣬ǰ꣬Ӧþס̫ƹƫṫӡ
ܲǻӣסƹһ
ţǾ͸ˡ
µĶСݰڻƿ˵ţЩɻش˳
ṫӣ
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ˣ
ûݰɫȻһޡ
˶ԼĿһΣݰȻȺ˳ԡ֪˭ǰǿ˵ġ
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ϣǻ¹ûе
һ使ӺݵСĵʱֻǸСѾܿδķˡ
ʱڶǡ
ݰУ޵Сֻѡ
ǽ죬ȻЩСĵڻ¹عǽ䡣

磬С̫࣬Ҳ߽˵
ӣĶأ
Ĵ˿ֱӷԸȷڰϰɡ
ʲô鰸ݰﲻɴһ
ҿС֪С¹䡷ʲôġ㲻鰸ǰһһ˵Ȼʥҽ̵£ǿҲǵ°ɵҵĻ
ͣݰﻹСһ㡣
绹ǲռһռδʵ۵ıˡ
һԼνʧܣݰﻹǳ˱Լ۸ʱ򣬹Ҳ

æŷûпʱݰɫЩ֡
˫ѻڵضԼ
ṫΪʲôЩ鵽Ѱˮ©ݰѵӲ
Щ飬ȫǵ֮
ΪԷûĽ͵ˮֱӶĻеˣǴӻʼȽϺáҵǻӣֲʦЩҪѧѽ
֮ǰ͵˲ٹΣڿɵöõ㹦򣬲׷绹߶߶˵ţݰǿųȲģȴѵˡ
ңǻӡ
ݰӳһ𣬱Ǵ׵ӡҲûľãǻӡ
ʹʦ֡
Ǹʱû˽ӿ
Ǵ׻¹Цȡڿࡣ
ʱҲû˽ӿ
ֻ硣
ǰ˽ѹ֮ϣȻݰⱾҪѧġ
ʮ꣬Լˡɾⸯʱ򣬺Ȼһ⣬ӷ϶̽˽
˵ǻӡ
Ⱳӣݰͷһر˵ӿͷһر˿
״εޱ顢ҵͿʼݰϿΡ
ֱҹɫݰΪһáΡҪʱȻ˾䣺һ㹦θ㡣
Σ
ϸоһӣڹһʦ°ˡ
Ǻһ򵥵òټ򵥵ҵݰȻЩЦá
ͷ۵⣬ڴӡôȥˡӦЩΡ


10 
ʱֵʢģǿѵҲͲסȣ뿪¹ȥй
ӵһС
ľʳֻӹٵ޵ĳӡﳵϹŵڳˣڴʱƿ˳һɴ
£ʲôأ
ûʲôӻƳ۾Цһ£һ˵һ߽ĿԶϵȥ
˾硣
ʼҳѾ˻ɽ£ٵߵľ쳣ïܡӿ䣬֦ҶָΪһڵϡ
ƥɫսô̤Źߣּش
ϵ꣬һɫĽԲۣһͷīɫͬɫдԺɸ߸ߵβһ¹Ӿ֮к
⡣
˺һᣬڲ鲻Ըرקعٵ
ѩݣǾҪˣƵ˵ȵйٳɢ㿴𣿡
ԡѩ۾Ļһվԭض˶ţܲغߺ
һ̣粻֪ƻ䲻ѩ
ô˵ˣ
ѩݣ
ǳ̣ɫսһ£ǰڵ٣ڲ鲻Ը߻˳
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ޣ̫ӵĴ
ɼ˹ϵܡ
˵飬ʱһˮɫĿۣ֪ںʱɢؿڴƬƤȫ¶˳
ƣܿӡĺۡ
̫ߵıʿ˶֪νġıʿʵǸС衣
̫Էһ㳯ϵ˶
һδͳ˵ȫë
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У˵ûղеȷһΣС
λӣ̫ڲͬˡ
һ֮֮ϵ̫ӣľǡһ޶
Ȼǰһ޵۽ǡ
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˵޵ĻУƵڶԷöǣʶȤز˵
޵ƣ鱳ϸ̽°֮䡣
ֻ۾һ̣ǸŰɫսӰٴγ޵Ժ֮С

ңӵխĿռ䣬һֺĴ
»ӵʵ߰˸ˣ߻һźĹ˶ûС
첻ͬ
ϲ˯ң֪ھʮŴΣǵһٴƿ͵͵⿴ȥ
ġѩݡƥĺѪѰƥһԴƽôߵСս
ɴʱ˫գͷ֪ʲô
ӣңһӦʱѾԷֽ˳
磡
ţ
һ£ѩݵԴһƥתߵߡ
ʱңע⵽촩һԲۣɫúܽȫ˳
лһֻݱУղӦæ
ңæĿƿ
ô˵£ʵ
㡭ңԥһ£գ˫˵ϢһɣԵˮʲôġ
ܺôͻȻתˣеɻ
Ѿ쵽磬̫𽥶ң˵ʱ򻹺ãһ˵Ҳеɹ
ѩ̰ԣԼҪϳˮֵ
ðһ£ķѩݽ˺
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ڴʱңߣȻ䡣
ղһֱңֱſ壬Է䣬Ÿ°ɫҡ̶
Һۣܲ幤ȥЩֲڣȫ䲻ݣ˵ӵˡ
ңߣȴ֮ϡ
̫ˡ
ڿ𣿡ע⵽ңߣ̲סʵ
ңϣ˼̣ջҧŴص˵ͷ
ңǴӺδģ΢
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ֽȡСϡ
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Ѿ߲ͣؿޣһ󽫾ͷ̫ڽѾ˯ŵԼ
͵͵ܳ䣬ſڳԺ￴ȥ
ҲٻȥˣˣɱҰɣɱҡ
˵ʲô
ôԡ
ûô
ھΪĸף̲סӡ
ʱ򣬰һУ翴ǸѾߺȻһߵײȥĶܿ죬ȻǱ˱ġ
ԭſ͵磬Ҳһ
죬˲ûᱻ﷢֣Ѿʼϰʶһֱ߿ŵĻܡϢڰסǸѾߵĽŲ
ʱȥ̫ã飬綼Щǲˡ
ֻżǵãﳳ˺ü죬ջǽѾߣС·硱ֹһ꣬޾׵·磬֪࣬紵ɹ£ƤҲֲ
ʹǰȣǻһˡ
·ƺиԼ൱ĺӣ˶Լչˡңʵңġ
Ҳ֪ңΪʲôСȤ
ŵϺ˵һѾġ
⣬𡭡
ң̲ס߬߬ȭһ
ЦݣѲ֪ںʱϡ
綼ң쳣
ô˵£̲סʡ
ûʲôˡңЦһ£·Żϡ
ָ΢΢
̫ˡ
ôô񡭡
ңôĸµһģһ


11 
ɽ£
޽ǰйϲïޱȵɭ֣дƬݵ顣
ұͬʱҲΧԡ
һ󵽵йȫٺãɫѾˡ
һ˸û뵽ڶ糿˯ȻѵԸһ룬ͻȻ
磡յʱңħͳĶߡ
ţ緭˸ܾң
ң˵ȥ氡㲻𣿡
Ҫˡ罫Դɽ˵
ΰѼ䣬粻뵽ңҪԼ棬Լ
ðɣҪǲȥĻҾȥݰңȻ˵쿴飬Ҳˡ
꺮Ͽε˶֪ʵ۽ݰｻ磬ģҲ⾴ҵ
ĸݰϿΣϸĹΣϷòС
Ȼ
ңҪȥ۸ԼͽܣղŻͷ˯磬ڵһ¾
˭ܴݰѧϰ
µһӣϴšϣ磬Ѿʼˡ
ãһŶңЦ˳ȥԼûע⵽һ̣˿⣬һΪʡĵð˳
Ϊʲôôݰ
˵һӣһӡ
ʱյƿ˳
ǺһĴ磬ң̲סһңʲô¶ûһĵƿĿ⡣
£ȥģ̲ס˸Ƿңʵ
ȥҲûáܺһӦ
磺
ɶıˡ
ھԼЩصңӣһ˵ȿȣոǻϢҪŵûˣȥԳ
Ŷ
㲻ˣ
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㣿
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ңһ£ԶԶ̫ɪɪΪСҪʱȴң򴽣Ȼסĸ첲սЦ˵᲻õġ
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ڣַ˵ӣһûС
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Ŀһ˵ĳͬյһȺ˺Ȼ֡
翴ȺкüףէһۿȥΪԼصء
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ȺǸŰɫװˣԶԶĿ˵
߻ʵܣ
һ¾ͷӦ˵Ӧӡ
̫Ͳ࣬ǰͳˡ
˵䣬Ӿҡ˹ңҲ㲻¡
⻰˵ģһΪ̫ӸءңЦЦȻװ˼Ц˵
ۡ
£̲סͷЦ
װȣﵷңңһÿ̫ˡ
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̫ӹϵңҲΪԶ
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ʵ۴͵ĶȻʥޱȡ
ô˵ˣңҪǾܾĻƲϻʵ۴͵Ķô
翴ڻʹ˵ܺӣɫҲѿ
ðǾͱȰɡ
ңĻ䣬ߵˣһŹ
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سгпȥһ̾ͿʮԶ⣬иССİӡ
кΣӣֱ˳ֻǰȻһ£һҲûԥؽ˳ȥĲ񻰡
һƿ֮˻ûӦǸѾȵ˰ϡ
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粻ǰһ
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Ѳɴ׵СǸ
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ĸ˵ңҲǿʡ
Ȼʲô˼֪Ⱥ׼û˵ʲôû
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Ŷʲô
Σա
û˵һѽΣеĳ˹
磬Ҫʲôңü
һûлشң⣬ѹúԺΣ˵֪û
С󽫾ϰ䣬㶥⣬˵ϻûӮ
Ⱥ˱ͻȻŷİ壬ȻҪʱѾŹת
תʲô
˷Ӧͼ罫Ĭ̺󣬽׵㻯һӰзɳ
һǣƳգӲаģΣļȥ
ɲǼ䣬гһƬž
ЦŷеĹսȻƵںΣĶ˵˾䣺廨ͷ

ңߣϣ޷ƿ
֪ղȺڷԼԼ
Ϊʲôôã
ЦαװԼңѵûһ¡
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֪ʶԼ֪ʱ
ԡ
ǳˡ
Ҹú
ҪңĸϼҲʧơѪôܱһʱġáĨƽأ
ңңú磬Ҫݺݵر
ٺãҲʧȥһС
껺ʱֱӡ
磬Ҳ̫˰ɣңĸ첲˵
Цһ£ԼȵСӣ̲סȥգǫ˵ǵȻˡ


12 
йʵ۵Ҳò١
˵ɽһֻҰʹȥϣõҰ㱻˲
ɽµϪˮߣСƲ֪ô̶ˮУɢĹͰһںţǰɾңݰ
ϯҪʼʱһ·Ϭ˹ң˸к
˾ˡ֣ԭоƵ磬źؽĿͶ˹ȥ
ԶվŵǸˣңķ񣬵ĿݣĿ裬ȴȻ෴
һ£йλϴˡ¡ԭڷǾ̣Ϊ볯Ϊ٣һֻϧ󣬻ʵϣҲ˵ƷɣȴûʲôʵȨ
͵͵ϴ˵ʱ򣬶ԷߣҲ䵽ϡ
û練ӦǸϴ˱㳯˵ͷֱ뿪
֡
üôϴ˿ԼһۣһԼġ⣿
Χ⼸ǻӰһֻݰʼհϯϡ
ΧڵһԾңˣҪת˵仰
ֱߵСˣңǰһʵҲϲԻ𣿡
֣֣粻һ¡
ţңָָǸС˵﷽װЩ
ˡ
Ժ˲⼸֡
Ĳ֪ղСڵǻ֡
ҡ֮ǰûԹԥһ£ң˵
СʱΪԻһΣ֮㷴ǧⶫ
Ȼû뵽羹Ȼһ񣬳Եôࡣ
ǻ𣿡粻ĵһ¡
԰ңЩɻص˵ͷ
ص˵ͷ
侲ܻţ
ĬĬ߬ȭ
˵Լô໨֣ںҲӡֵǣԼȴһ㷴ӦûС
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ٶ֣̲סԼС߶
һλ˵ɺϣһǡ
ѵ˵Ҳ;ϵйأ
ãԺܴ
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Ѿң˵磬ʶҪˣ
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Եʲô
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ڿ˵һ̣麮ͺմ˻һ㣬ͻȻʼڻ


13 ʹ
һ¹ߣҽ۵磬Ҳ»㾲΢⡣
ݰ̲סһ¡
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һ󺵣Ӷʳ飬ɻʹҹҹϸ衣ʵڿȥةɣϣѹû뵽ûͷԼ˽ȥ
֮ǰû˸˵۲ǡةɺҲ͸
ة࿳ͷϡӶʳǼֺۺȻ¡
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ҪϵǸ
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ĬĬһӱߡ
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˫ɫͬʱͷȻһ޷ӵϤСԼԷ


14 
ܡ
˲ô࣬תԭ·ء
û뵽һ̣ĶߺȻݵһһɫ߰ĳ޷˹ӲĽϡ
ҪʶȥźȻӦǷǣԼͲˡ
Σ죬Ϣͳǰ㲻ǯסʺվ
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ۡ
ףҪɱǸˣҪҵԼꡣ
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ΣȻЦһ£⡣


15 
ΧʽʼǣѾĻӡһҪԳ
ΧԿʼר˸ͶⳡﶼޣǳΣաʱλӴ֣Ѿʱˡ
вɣһԳһ˫¡Զʯ̨ѾѳСɽ
ܲɵǣһѣȻ̫ӵĻҪߣ

ĬĬΪ̫ߵ͡
Ⲣ˵̫ӹϵжãΪ緢֣Ǳߵ֣ǺΣˡ
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16 ж
׸ǰ佫ԻҲģ䡣
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19 ٻ
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20 ݵ
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ҹܴô˵Σ˫ɫ۾ôضҲúֻܲһ档
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ϣұźΣסһ̣Ͻߡ
ȿ첽׷ȺŮŵƽ
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·类һʶԼķӦܷǳӲļһĨ΢ЦԼĹŮ˵磬ͽȥɣ

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ĽŲᣬ춼ûзһǸϰľõˡ

ĹٵϣһǷ򼲳ۡ
֪ʲôʱ򣬼ݳ˺Ȼһĺˡ
ҪڣһϳǸ廨ŵģӪ̫ҽ
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ҧҧǿнеĿ־ѹ
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22 ȫʧ
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ı󣬴һ󾪺
߻ʧ̬ˡ
һץסԷ첲һ̣ɤӣгǸѾû˵Ĵʡ
ǣĸ


23 
ңͻȻ֣ СԺһûһֱ˿첽׷ϣԭڷͻȻ˳
һֱڴߣ 淢顣
Եȣֻһ̨ף һ̾һ˵ȱȥ
ף·ùôҪϻһֻѩ ʵҲȥ û˵꣬ ͼȻԼҡҡͷؽһ
Ȼ֪ʲô ĸ׸ӵ飬ǽû˵Ļȥ
СԺĹŮ̫ պȻЩءбŵֻѩ 
ʱ Ժ
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վǰ·磬 ȴʼյͷһ仰˵
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Ҳ֪˶೤ʱ䣬·ȻЦһ£װʲôҲ˵ߵ¡⿪ʲôЦ ūˡ
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·翪ڰ죬ȴʼ˵һ仰
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ңʵǶĽҩ
ͻȻ˼仰塣
ʲôңʵнҩ
򴽣һʣ̫ߵˣ˵ʲôˣ
ҪԼ˵ˣ粻鲻Ը˵˵ңĸʵԼ˴ˣѹͲǲ֮ܵ󣬱ɱˡңľ˾֪£ңʵһֱ
˵翴ɫ÷ǳѿ
ȻղȥһȦѹûܵζ
廹˲٣ϱͰѪɫûУֽҪ԰סڲûѪɫеĹʣ˼֡ŴһԲ
ı飬ղѾ׼õĻȻȫɤۣһ䶼˵ˡ
Ȼ
ʱڻ̧¿粢˵Ȼأһֱôˣ
ССΪղŶһΣ˵ʱҲûж߽ͬ
һ̻ҪңɵĻȫ˵ڣ羹Ȼһڡ
Ȼôţңջ˵һֱܺҡ̫ˣ˵ʵңߵˣ͸˽ҩԼԵġ
ղŶԸ˵ȷżȻ̸ⷬ
̫㷢ԼҴС뿪
Ȼû飬˵׵硭Ȼ᲻ס
ңнҩ
νжʵһ
ɲǼ䣬Լңһμʱ
ǸһͽֹײԼΪ֮ܺʧľ򡭡ֻ
˵Ҳ߶һңΪԼ׼һأ
ͻȻ˵練ţԼǲĲӦýЩ˵ʱ򣬷һαƿˡ

һſѾ˴ϣһ첽ڴߣһĶͷʣڸоôˡ
Цһ£Ȼҡͷ˵ûʲôоױġ
һƣҲֻ̾һ˵
һҹֱ콫Ҫʱ򣬲뿪ȥϢ
ȷָ֮Ĳڻȥ˯ˡ
ǰŸߣڵ̫࣬һˡ
ߣáǱ𡱸Ϊǡ

ǱǸңˣǴ׵ĽһûУȻôǣǾͲҪˣ
ң֣
糿Լ˵Ļڣ״̬һֱԣӦΪ϶ǲң
û뵽羹Ȼ̧ͷǰ̫ͨ˵ã½ɡ
¹˶֪ң˼ĸ˼ȡʵȥΪꡣ
ֻɣԼղֻø̡
ңʱԼҪʲôأ
Ļһ£һŲĶߡ
ңһ£ס˿
ӡУңһԷǳĻӣƺûдɫ
ڿģں֪ңҲͱԼС¶ѣԼһֱɵ
̲סԳһЦڿɱˣˣӦԼŶԡ
ߣؿң
һµ߻ңһž͸оպܲԾ
ղ׼õ΢Цôϡ
ңվԭأСؽһ硣
һңԭϵ꣬Ȼڴ¸Լһ
ߵºá
ϣתؿһۡ
ĿⲢǱôһղŻڴϵ磬ڻǲ᲻Ըվѧӣܵһ
ߵºá
ңϡǵãʶڣƺûԼй
ɲǼ䣬ֽű䡣
ңװʲô鶼ûзһЦһ£һһ˵ͲҪôˡ
û˵
ңԼˣҲС
Цˡ
ңľһǼѵ򴽣ֶ˵磬㣬еġ
ɲ˵ֻվߵ磬ֻ̧Сһݺݵؽ˵һۡ
ңһҲ磬µɲ˵İһԼ硣
ԡ
İˣҲĮ
ﳤң̫αװ
֪ʵϲɿɰżЩƤĻӣóЦ
ĵʱЦʱЦѹʱЦó
ֻʱңǲ΢Цߣڴסˡ
硭ңޱȽţָ߬ſĲϣһڣͰ͡
˵ˡ
̧ͷһңȻޱȿ˵ѵߵТġ
Ҫȥһʱ䣬㡭
Ͳٺ˵ʲô
û˵꣬ңӲؽľʻ˶
統Ȼǰ仰˵ˡ
ֻΪʲôңԼԼѾ˴𰸣ͷոðֱǿѹȥ
ңڱܶܡ
ղң֮󣬲ûйš
ļڣꡣ
˵ղѾ˺һƵգȻ˻ƶСΡЮΣ˷ɲǼ䣬ңһϱʪ˸͸
״˵ˣ»ǸϽȥɡ
ңĴһƬհס
硭Ҫ
Ĺ߳αװѾĮ˺
һ̣ĻңСһӲؼһĨ΢ЦȻ㡭Ĳٺ˵ʲôһҪȥþãҿ϶ġ
ԽԽ󣬴Ѿ¡¡׵
ʱһ㲻һı顣
Цһ£뿪ЦƵ˵𣿵ңǺҺ޵𣿡
˵ʲô
仰ң͵һ󲽡
һվűߣ˶ڽС
ӣɲǼ䱻꽽˸͸ңҲˡ
˵Ҳǰһһһٵĸң˵ǸģǱҸ״ġҲɱĸˣӦú޲Ҳȥ𣿡
ңӣ֪ԭ˵Ҳôݡ
һ紵һѾ䵽ϡ
磬ȻøԼԶԶ
̲סǰһקק䡣
硭
û磬ؿң˵¸ˡ
糿ܸܵԼ˵µʱ統ȻܵزԸš
ңҪȥһ꣬λ̫ҽϢ֮ȷ˵ûд
ԼһжȷǱô򵥡
֮ǰǼ£һֱңܵܿڣ֪ܵܣԼжĺ⣬˵ʧǼٵġ
ðʱ䣬𽥻˹
ڵԼޱ侲ϸϸ
粻ھңһ˵ңɽٵɣҪԼһûɹȥ䶼ܵӰ졣
ѰһʵĴʱ飬ֻʧ
ʱ粻ѹֻǾúʧ
ǸԼܵܿңеʧ
һ̣Լװʲô鶼ûзң˵û˵ѡ
ҪôˣңɾʼնÿǷԼ
粻ãһֿԱͶһĶ
Ҳԡ
ңһվԭأض磬ˮܿƵһſ¹
磬ԡԲ𡣡
ңſڣԼĵ׵й¶
磬֪µĴ󲿷ˣһࡣ
Լʵûкҵʸ񣬱ϾûǱġ
ң˵Լ˵֮ԼԶ
΢Цһң˵ҲһĿʱΪʱ̡
Ǻԣ粢һס
ԶԶվһȥĹŮ̫࣬ҲѾߵңѾ˸͸
ңҪȥһϢѾʹ
˶֪߻ӻʲô£ܵʵ۵ĳ谮
ô£Ǵ׵Ļӡ
Щڹﵱˣ겻޶ԣֻߵڵӣȻȰȰȰġ
ҪΪٴùͷǿɾͲˡ
翴˲ԶŮ̫ı飬̲ס̾һһߵĻһֽɡң˹ȥ
£´ˣЩȥɡ
ûʲô
Ϳ͵ζȴԵزԡ
ںۣд󲡳ϵƣҲ뿴ңһ۵ƣ
֪ػʵ۽ţңĸʶôˣԼȻҲܾŲš
Լˡ
ǰǵ磬֪ʲôʱʶ󽫾ˡ
ԼһһУÿһĶңء
ǰȥҲ߽Ļ֮С
ǰѰɫֽɡС
䱻ˮʪңγѰ̧ͷ
û˵ֻǽеɡøһ㡣
ңߣ뿴ΪԼܵһ˺
ԽԽһʱңЩߵǸ 
̧֣Ȼ󿴵Լ֣ڲܿƵĲš
ңþһ˿ɡн˹
磬ҡ
Ļû˵꣬Ѿ˻ص˷С
಻һȴһ´ͬС
ʱ֨ѽڸ˹ȥ
ȵңӦʱоֻʣһֽɡ
ңٳٲɡ
¡
״иŮ߹һ¡
ңֻǴؿһۣһӦû
ˮң¶ȶˡ
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Ҳ֪˶ãңһˡɽ߬ǰֽɡûһſ˼Χ˿Ȼżȴҿ
һ죬ƹĹŮ̫඼ǰһ߻ӣһֽɡסվ˲֪ãȵµǣ紵ҪϺµʱңŻȥ
ֱ߽ĻУûгſǰɡ
ģңľ
뿪ƹһ̣ȻͷĿ䵽ӴΰĽ֮ϡ
ңľ뿪ǡʹС硣
߬еֽɡĬĬҧء
ң룬Լġ
ҲҪ
Ȼжһܻнҩ
Լһð磬صӡ
*
һ򶼲ңһΣֱţվ綼ҲҴһ
̾һ߸ԼһĵĲˮŻ
磡㶼ʪ͸ˣϽ·ɣǵãǲ壬С괵綼ǳ¡ںصʱɲһղŶôأ
ǰûûεҲʼżˡ
šû¡˵û£ʵո¾ͷ֣ԼԴѾʼˡ
ʱȴϢ߻·
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ôҲڻ¹һʱ䡣
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糿һУ˰ŵ
Ǹ˭Ϊʲô
벻ס
ͷԽԽκ䣬ȻһϤԼĶߡ
ȫ
Լֻȥˣ
ȻֻҪԼΣգ


25 
ڲԶ ˵Ľ̨ɾǧ꣬ϣԼܹ͸ɾ
֮ǰ绹ûüȥϸ£˼㱻ˡ
ڣ Ϥĳ Լ֮ǰɻ
ԭ̫ӣһֹϵ
ޱ𾪡
ܳ£ ֪̫Ӻ顣ΪһǼ£ Ҫ꺮꣬ ȫû˵
ԭǶ䣿
ڶʱ𾪹̲ס롭˵ϱǵ̫ӣ ˵أ
ӽ̫дУĻ һ̲סˡ
ΪԶʱ Լ˵Ȼˣ Ǳ㡪
𣡡
Ļû˵꣬Ȼ˴ϡ
ţ һǳϤӰǰ
̫ӣ
Բԣ̨ɾ
Ϸȥֻܿһŵ 񲻴̨ɾȻԼӡе̫ûʲô
ȿȣȻ֪ԼĻУ ̫ӸԼ 绹ǾЩŤ
ûֹŹֵĸозӦ ̨ɾ˵ˣ Сɲ޴Ը
ۣĹ£ ԼĻҪʡ
ڲֻˣڲμıɣҲ̲סһ
𡭡
̲סֻԼС̾һ¡
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̨ɾģȴԼڵķ
һ£֪ӦòԼǡ𡱡
̨ɾޱ֣صػ˵
磺
仰ɫ¾ͱ÷ǳǳѿͷ˲ͺۿ
ȻղǷľ̨ɾ˵ܾʧ
ܸоԼ𾪣Ҳǳ⡣
һֱڤ磬̫óӦ״
ΣҲĬ
ڵǲ֪ʲôΪĳĬѾ˽
粻һ
翴ֻڰµ֣̲סһһµͷ
ԼŵʱϲСֱһģһ
ߣڽšһߣ۵˰Ҳ˵ۼɤӣһ䡰¸顱̨ɾ˹ȥ
״һ
粻֪ʲôֻǽŶԷӽǣ̨ɾڿ

Ͼ磬ϴŵǸߣҲǷƷ˵ߣҲȾơ
翴Ὺʼ֮һ߿Ÿ̨ϵĸ裬һһĺžơ
û೤ʱ䣬֮ǰװ㻺ȥбϡ
Ȼڵӣ濴ȥЩ֡ϾʽϵĶߣʵô䡣
ãڽ뿪һ̣Ȼ̨ɾڽСԼ
һε鷢ˣӽǣע⵽¡Ǹղźȵе࣬ѾˣȻˣǲûʲôӦ
һ̣ǳĮء߿ˡ
ʵǿԲԷֻΪȵʵе࣬ԴκģȫûзӦʲô
ǰĻһ䣬ֻصڤ硣
Ϥĵ̣ղŻھάԼһڤӱߵĴʯͷϴ硣
ʱµڤӺȻ
Ӧʱ򣬾ͼǺˮкȻһɺŲϸϸĽϡ
类һʲôӦȺȶ˵ʲôӦǺ㽫ˮ
ôŻϣѾŰסһ̹ǵĺϮ
練ӦʱߣѾֶˮ
ȻĶߣõͳ΢ɳƵ˵ҪٲҾȥ㡣
ֱʱں֪ɻ󡪡Ӱ˭⻰ѵɳ죿
Ǳӡ
ҪǣЩ񡭡ҲǶһ
ӰĻҲע⡣
ˮһ㣬һ˱ص˸ղŵĺɫʯϡ
Цһ¡˾Ƶ˵㲻ܵ
*
˻䡣
һ£ٴ۾ʱѾڤˡ
ԼӦǸðˡ
糢ҪӴûһɻ˱ѣһγ˯ȥ
һΣΪ꣬϶ز졣
ʱң뿪˻ʹȥǳǽꡣһֱţҲûԼġѧݰһֱľΪΡ
Ҫǣ绹ж϶ؿڤ緢顣
Ϊڤ֮ճָ;ȥάһУСǸӰ
Ҳ֪һֱںƵĻŻô£ǸӰĹ翴ȫû¡
ϰ
ȵҲӦʱڵˡ
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겻ͬǣңʲôûյݰͷһյڸ׵
һʱ䣬ݰѧҲ
ղŻʵ˼⣬ݰﾹȻȫ
֮ǰԼ֮ǰԼңĶԱȣʵ۵һξãһֱԼӣһȡ֮ġ

ʹĺ硣
չʱãˡմ׵Ĺأ죬ǲȥϿεġʹ㣬ͬμĿһ𣬻ؽȥ
Ǵ뿪һ̣ȻݰҲתŷѰķȥ
ߣһԼ
ðɡעⰲȫ
ţ
պͿ˵껰òָһ磬Сŵݰߡ
ʱݰѾתˡ
Ͻݰӣ˵£п𣿡
ղȻǻΪģԳĻᡣҪԼûмǴĻݰعѾһˣһʱǳΧԣӦûûгš
粻ϲ¹ãݰӦҲԼһϲĻҡ
磿
ݰתЩȵĿ 
°׳곯Цһ£Ȼ˵죬һ
ʵղһ㣬ݰԼһ
ûʹʲô෴ݰϲĵطϲ߸ߵĹǽϲɫܣϲһеȨֿɼĵط
ݰѹߡ
˶Ľ飬ݰһЦžܾԷ
ȻҪҪ뿪硣
ݰ붼ûжһ£ֱӵͷ˵áٶȿģ練һ
ݰӦҲЦһ£ֱӸݰΪס
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ûУݰҡҡͷȻת磬ޱ֣ص˵ֱӽ־ͺãô
ҪݰûмǴĻԼѾǵһθô˵ˡ
ʱѾ˹ϣݰĻԥһ˵ðɣҾֱӽе¡ˣ
ֱ˵ݰĻ裬һһ
粻֪򵥵ġ֣ݰ˶Ĳ
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һɴһʱɴѾһߣֻ²֦ܵ⣬Ҳķ϶͸˽
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һһţůɫĹӴ˽ֳ֦һһ䵽ϡ
̲ס͸֦ȥľɫ֪ͬݰڿ棬ڿ
ݰĶߣʯ֨ѽǰž繤ġס
һʱ䣬ѾԼһС
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ǰ޽ģͳٶ꣬Ĺģ㿴Զɽɽ˵ϹŵʱзͣЪ
šݰĺ棬磬ʱͷȻ֪Щ
ԭϲǡһ̣Ӱҹյĵƻ𣬻вͬɹֽУȻϲ̻ĵط
ߡݰһж벻⡣Ϊ⣬ݰŻĮｭɽ
뵽̲סҪԼһУеиͳͳݰ
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ԶȺģݰ˵߰ȥơ
á
֪ǲǳ˵ԵʣݰĻࡣ
صҲ𣿡
شûУˣǲġҲǵһοôֵĽС
ķǳҵܰһӵĹ۲죬ݰ￴ȥûгΪļˣ绹ûԼ񡪡ݰǰΪˢˢڸС
Ҫƽӣȴûغ档Ǳߵķ棬ǷǼĶӵģ
˵ʲôƵתʣ˰𣿡
Ȼݰһ˵ʱ򣬼Ѿա
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⻰˵ķǳί
һҲݰĺģϾδ˵һռ챦ˡ
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ǹۣ翴Сƿŵֺ󣬲ǰһ
˵תգ۾ݰʵ볢𣿡ʵԼ볢ˡ
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ǿ񣬾ܾĻȴô˵ڡ
ݰЦһ£ͷ˵롣
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ɲɵǣû糢ͿԭСı󣬻һ̯ӡ̯ϷŵĶǺϤˡ
塣
罫̯ϵĻͭݰ˵۷ɳֻҪ֪ڣҲڡ
ر͸Ǻ󣬿ǲĿ
˵ⷬر󷽵磬۶ûпһ£㽫
͸ݰЦƵ˵Ҫң԰ղϣ㡣
ݰ￴Ŀһ¾ͱʲôϡ䱦һ
û˵룬ݰǲǿʱȴԷȻһֱϵϸϸȡ֣صؽԼ
ݰ˵磬ûʲôֵǮĶһҪ¡
ݰĸġݰԼĸûжٸ飬һֱӣֻΪϰ߰ˡ
ݰｫ͸磬ҲΪΪݰ﷢֡ԼóģΨһûȾѪɾĶ
ֻĶ硣
û뵽ݰﾹȻҲԼ
ʱݰѾޱ֣صؽŵС
ֻǺܼ򵥵ȴáⳡôǽ
롣ԼһܵȺɵӰ졭
ϽֵͷӵһߣݰԼĵһ֣صؽ˹


26 ȥ
ݰĸ ֻһܳǡΣҲôֵǮϸϸһװζûУֱۼˡ
ͳأ ȱľǽ
֣µؽϸϸϺ ݰȻáԼʵǺᡣ
ݰУ ȻһΪȵİ
Ҫ˵Щʲô Щڽ͸硣ǻûüſڣ 㿴
Լģϲ
ݰʱŷ֣ ҪԼݣùԼϵ ϣ ֱ»ȥ ﵽ
߲»ȥݰһ£ ϽĿƿ
ҿûע⵽һ㡣
󣬺ضݰ˵ģһúñ
šݰЦһ£ 翴Щ
ݰˣղŴӻ¹Χûиˣ ǿ· ڳͨǰղһ
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ƣ ұ׷Χ˹
Ȼϲ֣ ⲢʲôֶաΧ𽥶ݰƵһߵСȥ
˺ܶ࣬ߵ̻Ҳ塣
磬ݰЩɻʡ
Ҳ֪Ǿ߰ɣһ߿Χһ˵Ҳͼ£ûнǰһֱҲ̫Ϥ
˵ⷬ绹ΪݰЩﲻȫϽ˵Ҫǻǻȥ
ˣͺܺáݰæ˵խխС߶ǲ¥ݣڽֵĽԵ塣
֮ǰǸղ¹һꡣʯ̳ɵĵпݣˮĵطһգ㷺˵⡣
ٵĵط˵Ҳˡ
ǵˮضܶ࣬켸¹ŵˮŶУһҶݵζ
˵֮Щشյݰʣŵ𣿡
ζľζ
ݰһ£֪껹вľζġ
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ֻһСĲСķ֣ŵ˵Ǹζݰ飬ȴȼʲôϡϻҪ
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ô
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ݰﲻ˼ʶضͷҲǡ
Ǿͺáǰ꣬Ȼ¶˼俪ĵı顣
Σݰ￴磬Ҳ̲סЦ
ݰﲻ֪ԼϲʲôҲûԼҪϲʲôȻãϲĶԼҲǿϲġ
һ¡ݰţȻͣ½Ųһסӡ
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ԣݰڽͶ˹ȥ
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￴˼ۣקһݰӣ˵߰ɣǻһ·
ţõġ
ǲ˵ĬƵһСϡȵǼݣ
Լ˵ûж೤ʱ䣬·һҲϤ
˾һһڽй䣬һ֮ھϲķ֡ԼҲ֪ĶݰŴٵĻӣȻҲ
˼·֮ڸʱ֮ǰص
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˵ⷬ󣬿Ͻ˽ݰʰ
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ѾʰĹ羹Ȼݰӣ˷
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ֱԼıţ˷ݰﻹһʵǡ̫ˡֻݰҲ֣Լ񲢲ųִǰΪ顣
ھӦݰﲻһʱ⿪ġ
㿴Ұǲǲϣ绹ȥָָԶƬֺޱȵĽȺ
ݰ￴һۣʵǻ¹
Զԣǻ¹һ߰Źһ˵ĽǶȿ¹һ
ݰЦһ£˵¹ĵط
ûһڹ𣬳ݰգգ۾˵ǲҡ
ݰȫͬˡ
ݰУ˲Ȩƣ̻Ի͵ͥӦΪÿ˶ᰮ¹
ȴ˵ǣĻݰǵӲҲãȷӦʹԽԶԽá
᲻뿪
ݰڷǵĵһѣҪúݰݶһᡣ
ôһӺ󣬻ǹί˼Ρ
ڴݶˡ
һΪ˹˯Ҳ
ҪûĻ˳ɻ˯硣ڶ죬ŵʱչȻѾķš
ӣ𣿶Ǳ˹˵̫ȥ
ȥ˯һᡭԺ˵⼸ֺ󣬺Ȼ˹
ȵȣ
̫ӣʲô£
ɲǼ䣬ھϿĻ棬Լδ̫Ĺϵ
סģԭȥ̫ӶһȤ磬ڴӴ
ҪȻȥ
Ҫôأ
뵽ʱѾ˵˹ӣ̫ӵ»һȥ
ڲԥ
δݰҪ̫λˡ̫ӺһֱҲôϲܣҲ֪ΪʲҪȥ
ԼǺݰһȥɡ


27 ̰Ȩ
֪ ݰȷҲǵһȥԾϾ̫Ӻͻ¹һӡ
ֻʵ벻ף ̫ΪʲôҪԼݰʹпп޵ˣ һеȥأ
󽫾̫ӸԶ û߶೤ʱ䣬 ͵Ŀĵء
ͻ¹һǣ ǰЩŽɵġԶԶȥ¥ķ뻪¹ǳͬ ƿһ̣Ǻǰȥ
ҪһݵĻ Ǳǡš
ͬǣ ݰʼմ ȥһȤûС
ṫӣ롣˹ ˴˽ȥ
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һС¥ˮһᶼûˢˮţ С¥ľĿȥҲôˣŰɫȴһζ
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 ڴߵ̫Ҳվ
̫ӵֱϣ ѹûнݰ࿴һۡ
֮ǰڻʹʱ Ҷϲݰӣ Ǽ֮󣬸ееġǵֻҪԼݰһ˶ݰߴк
֮ǰһЩԱȣ̫ڵıֱΪ֣̲סü
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Ļ˵Ӻã˭ܵѡദȥˣһɣȻһҪѡ
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Ҫ˽⵽ûдĻҪʽЩǣԲһ׵顣
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ݰﲢû̫Ӹ̫ʱ䣬뿪ʱ̫ӲһѴشĶƷ
ٰƴǣ̫ӻǽ˽ŵϡ
ڻس̵ʱ򣬿üӣݰ̲סʵô磿㲻ϲЩ𣿡
ȻС󶼱Ʋ𣬿ݰȴûԱòϵǣһ̫̿͵ĶǹɿȻЩΡ
û뵽ķӦò̫һ
ֻҡҡͷ˵ǲϲֻǲȤҲ֪Ӧôǡ
粻ϲʲô𣿡
ǡһ仰û˵꣬ͻȻҡͷ˵вϲӵˣֻǲϲ̫͵Ķѡ
ϣȻݰ˵͵Ҿͺϲ
ʵղŵĻҲֻ˵һ롣
ݰϣٶԽôȤˡ
ǰʮ꣬ΨһȤĶֻȨơ
ݰС;ãȨܹһС
ڣ绹̫͵ĶȻáԼǰģҲһԣ˵Ȩƾͻ˵ġ
̫ÿҲЩˡ
䲻㡣
һݰҪõĶȫ͸硣
ºͻλĿƺ֮ǰһ㡣ı緢֣ݰﻺͷе
ȴҡҡͷ˵͵ʲôҶϲ
ϣϵݰȻУһɲǣԼԸ


28 ̫ӵľ
ڻʹﳤ꣬ ȻҪȹ˳졣
˵ݰﻹʹ泤ġֺܹ۵ֻҪԸ⣬Ըκºõӡ
󽫾⼸죬 һʼʱ ٵĻΪݰЩԣһǵ˺漸죬 ݰڿе ȫһĶţ ͬʱЩꡣ
ټϿ֪ݰĸСʱȥˣ ݰǸա
һֱȵݰصʹ֮ ڵ
ȹ ʱıĿ졣
תۼǱѩ ҲԼʮա
׵Ļӳûͳһʱ䣬 ǺǰȣǱȽġ
һУСңڻšݰĻӣһҪʮˣ һѾʮˣǻʵ룬Ҳʱ סڹеӡ
ڴ֮ ǻڹסϼ꣬ ȵ˹ ҪȥԼķˡ
׵Ļӷض Ǻܽ
ʥϲֵܣǰסڷأڷǡ
翴һֱڻʹɺ̫ˡ
˵ҲɣݰĹνܴ󣬶ңԱȣʵۺ̫ݰҲ˳˲١˻ʵ۴͸ȻãҿȥʵСһ㣬Ǻλò󽫾ֻ֡
֮ݰﳣᱻ뵽
ʱˣĵܵ磬ӦݰﾭԼҵ¡
ǶѾڹжˣ統ȻҲص˽
˶֪עҪģδ϶Ҫءڴ֮ǰʵ۱㽫ɵ˻ʳǽУԻһ
ʳǽ඼ǹӵܣ翴ȺҪȹ˺ദöࡣ
ǰһѲǣϣ;һȾơ
롪ݰδҪʵ۵ģԼȺӵܣδ϶ǹ֮ݰҲȦС
ʼĳɼʧݰѾ˽ȦҪǣȫǵ˶֪µĹϵһĺá
翴ʱ䣬ԼĶǻᶨʱ⣬ֱûһ㲻õġ
Ŷԡ
һģǱǴ̫֮ӶԽԽˡ
Ҳ飬Ǵġ

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ЩѾ˵̲꣬סһκȾƵʱˡ
磬̫ӹϵܺô
ţðɡ̫ӵº顣ί˵
ŶŶǾͺǾͺá˵ϵıһ֡
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Ҹղ˵ЩĺȤ
ȫûӦ侭ˡ
֪Լ̫ӵദʽô˶ԷϲǸ㡣
޺Ž׳ʲôģ˵ֱˡ
Եķ뿹ܣ޾ú˼ȻҪǣϲֺͷӵȫһʡһŻһɳĮҹ
ӵһμʱޱִָоʱָоǵûһ䵭ļڼš

ԷϾ̫ӣĺؼȥ˵޻ǽ˷ǵһ¥С
̫֮ǰҲһμᣬһšԭΪﻹˡǵȵһ¥İ֮ŷ֣ԭֻԼ
֪ʦظ١
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ֺ̫һ⫝ơ
֪չأ̫ӶôԼӡˣôԼҲһҪⱭƲſԡ
˭̫ԼľľòһȻû⡣һһ¹࣬ĲС
ôȾôһ̫ӺȻ̧ͷһ翴ȥ
ͷװԼȾƵӣ֪Լƭǰˡ
ߵˣȻãʱķǳΣա
֮ǰ˵һϢʱ򣬽ݰе˼ķϣһ߿һߺһϵľơ
Ǽʱ̲סҪȥ硣룬ԼʱѾˡ
޻һֱһϢŽ˴
ʵߡ
޵⣬ҡҡͷȻҧһ´˵̫ӵ£Ҿһ㣬ϢպҪؽҪȾƵĻȥұ˰ɡ
ⷬޱȴ󵨵Ļû˵꣬Ϳ޺Ȼɫ
ֱӿ˵ṫӲݰôרң
ûн硰硱ȻӲ
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⻰ܵ˵
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ݰ
粻ôȻݰ
ûи̫˼ʱ䣬޾ô۾˵Ǹɾˣ
Ȼ޵֣̫ӵ£ҧѡ
ЩͻȻϣ¥İڰš


29 ޱ
һᵽݰ ޵оǲм
̫һֱĶŵĴʡ
˶˵δȻǸʾ
Ϊ翴ߡ ֪ûλݰԴʶ޿ʼ ĬĬĵױȽݰˡ䵽˽֮󣬾͸ˡ
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ҪĳΪ׻ʵۣҲһس֮
ݰﲻһ
ߺոʮĹ ͬ꣬ ݰ Ƶۡ
ߡһ仰ѾӡԺ֮С
ڵݰȻۣ ޣȴһܹʷˡ
޲мбǲ
ټãݰȻʹˣ ڵϣȴûȾһ˿һĶϰɱȻ¹ǿˡ
̫˵ ˳Լˡ
ڰʱ ΢򴽣 ˵΢һص£ Ҳϣܹ΢ѣ ˵ﻹǵµ׵ܵܡ
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Ǳˣ̫װأ
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֣ҧҧ
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ܽԼֵе㽩Ҳû޺ʷЩ̫һҡ
˵̨ɾҪص죬ԽԽݰҲá
޵Ȼ֪е뷨ôʣֻ֪һȥûʲôƢ磬쾹ȻΪݰԼ˲졣
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ҡԼʲôʱ뿪ȴʱʦµ٣һһ׼ޱȵӣһ¾ͽȫѹ
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ʱԺðֿܡ
뵽ȴǡǰԼ̫ߵ̫˵ңнҩ顣
ʱ;Ρ
ѵ˵һε飬Ҳ̫ࡰ䡱̫ģ
Ǹ磬˰µ̫࣬ڹȥǳ⣬ȴ벻ˡ
ֹĻ˼
ṫӣۼһػ¹˳·һ߰ɣ
ԭ˼ʱֹѾ̫ˡ
ղŻںƾ˵̫ӣѾʲôҲûзһ뿪ˡ
̫ӻھߣֹﶢţ㲻룬Ҳˡ
ֹĻ統ȻӦ
úãֹҪпյĻȥȱ裿
ԣ¹Ĵ̫Цһ˵⵹ˡһμʱһľֹĳӡ㲻
л¹ЩʡĵĻȽϣֹ㻹ǸȤĺ󱲡
޻һվţȫ̧ͷظֹ˳ȥֱ¥ֵϵһһĸо
翴ͣֹӦǻֱӻȥˡ
ֹϳʱȴԷȻ̾һתԼ˵ṫӣҪעΪáȻеķԷﴫɾͲˡ
Է
էһе㲻ֹ˼ȵԷϳ֮ŷӦֹ˵İ˳ɾԼ̫ӡ
Լȥʼ̫û¶ԼȻеˣѾ̲סԼ̫ӵ飬ô´ķΧ϶ԼҪ
һ̾һ󽫾ߡ
ԼܹƵģ
ԼĲټ̫ӣͲסԷԼ
Ǹܵ˵飬ѩߵٶҲԶԶȥЩ޾ɵģٶҲ˺ܶࡣ
չ䣬ߵ󽫾ڵϵʱ򡣲ԶȻһʶͷ㿴ݰˡ
մ׵Ĺ涨ȥ֮ǰǻڳϼһµġ
ݰϣ͹һвеƷְλڽ֮ǰĴûмݰһŹٷڴϡ
ӡУݰһī£ųȥŵĲСڣݰһٷͷҲһڣȻģһɲǼ䣬Ѿϣܵ˼δӵ֮
磬˵ţݰͻȻҲ粢վһ𣬡û°ɣ
ݰϢôͨ
뵽ԷδҪʵ۵ģһк˵ͨˡ
ݰ˳Ѿʼڳв֣
ԷĻһ£ȻϽЦû£ղֹˣ̫˵˼䣬Ҿֱӻ˼ҡ
ݰȻ˵ֱⳤϣ绹ûзӦʱ򣬽ӵ˻С
󽫾ڵĽֵûмˣʱյʱϦӳǱͶ˹˵Ӱúܳܳ
ŲĲϣһ̣Ȼоݰ
ȻԼĶ˵ң硭Ժ󲻻ˡ
ãһ£Żػرסݰ㡣
ϾǴδĻʵۣܹӮˡ
ݰޱΡ


30 
ͷ֣ һһԣҲΪͱȽСȫزסʲô¡
֮ һص ʹǿйԼ̫ӵĴԣǵûһƽϢ˼ ס
^˼ʲôʹ󵨵˵ ֲܰˡסкԼϵȽϺõһ꣬ ʵ
Ǹһɫ۵꣬һΪѣ ҧҧ˵ǧ˵Ҹİ
һһ
ϣͽִ˽^˼ļϣ һƣ һԶСͤȥ
ȵ֮ н^˼꣬ͷ С˵ǡ˵̫ӵ£ϴݡھ¥ȿȡ
ϴݡС¥⼸֣üë
ϾһΣദʵǲ쵽˼㡣
^˼Ȼﲻ˵ˣ ׷ʵȿȡʲô˼
׷ʣ^˼¶һҪʡľ飬ͣ˼Ϣ֮ ͷ˵ǣ ˵ھ¥ˡ죬  ʵ۱ˡ
ü һֹȷˣȥ¥ǴϹǸɡ
ȻȻܽ˵
Ǿǹӣǵֻ˵Ǽ񡣶걻󽫾ϰ磬Ȼ˵Ǿ֣ҲҪԶԶһˡ
^˼磬Ǻǳݡ
˵껰֮ȻĬ^˼ͣһ£̲סһ䣺Ļͦģ̫ӵº̫ˣǶ˵
Ļ^˼û˵ѾĬĬزˡ
Ƕ˵Լǵڶ飿
ɫеѿӣ^˼Ҳ첻˵

һΣɢٶȣҪø졣
ֻǴ׵Ĺ֮Уھ䣬ҲҥԼԼãⱳӦƲ
Ҳͼµʱ䣬ҲŸոʮ꣬оʱҲҲ˭
ı£ʱ£һȥ¹ˡ
ȥղǵʱһһһȥִйµġ
Ǵ׻ʵ۵գҲ䳣˵ٽڡ
ڴףٽһԪնҪҪĻԭڻʳ֮ĽҲǰ˻ʹС
󽫾֮ӣ⼸ڽбֺܲһֱӱɵ˻ʵߡ
硣
鷿ûһ⼸Ȼ̫̫ңվһ֮绹ǾȤ
СʱؾӪгġ
翴ıӪɱȻʳǽ˼ˡ
Ҳ֪Լʲôʱܻȥ
糩Żصʱ鷿ţȻ˿
ֹϤӰǰ
ṫӣ½ȥһˡһֹͶԷҲôϤֹĻʶԼһν鷿ʮа˾ûʲôµġ
õġֹ˸񣬺ͶԷһ˽ȥ
ȥһ̣鷿ȸ߸ߵĵľţ֨ѽһŻغ
磬鷿ֻżյƣȥ谵ˣϰɫľʵذ壬ֻޱѹ֡
ֹĬĬ˻ȥǰʵ
׵ľǵϥ¹
Ѿȥ˰Σ鷿һûСʱˣȶѾʼ飬СϣشӵСһ㡣
ĶͷѾð˺飬Ҫֲ֧סʱ鷿һĶ
ʵۻؽ·ŵϡ
ţ̫ߵĺܽ
ıһ
ȻѾ˻ʵ۶ߡ
Ͻ̧֣ȭʵһ˵ر£΢̫ӡѹͲ졣
ֱô˵ߣֻ˵ֻͨľϵ
ϣʵ۾þò˺һ˵һ͡㣬ϣ㲻Ҫʧ顣
⿴˵ʱ򣬻ʵָһüģȥǳͷ
ʧ
ҲЩʲôҲûģӵĹ˦ҵͷϣ
ڻʵΪϴʱȻǳӲôһ䡣
ղµˣһν䵽ϡ
ʵʵ֪̫ӿ϶ûʲôرĹϵġֻ̫Ӻıʿв岻Ĺϵȴ̫ӣδҪפرĽˡ
Ȼ˵̫ӣֻܽƵϡ
һֱãȻһ㣬ҲǸˣԼĻ
Ȼû뵽ǰ꾹Ȼ˲ϡ
˵⻹ǻʵһο紩£ʱϥڵϵͦΣԭ;ҫ۵üĿһµӳ±ޡ
״ʵһ¡
Ȼղ˵Ļȫ˻ȥת˵ͬʲôġ
ʵ⻰ʲô˼
̲ס̧ͷֱԷһۡ
ʵۺûпһƵ˵ȹЩʱգȥɡ
磺
ôڷǴ˽һʱ䣬֪ڴӵӽؼֱûʲô
ͲȥĹ겻ͬǵһ𣬾Ҫؼҡ
ڻʵҪԼǰȥĻء
ԣϽʵ
ʵƺҲǲٿˣ״˰֣ȥ
˻æվȻѾ˵Сȣ鷿ȥ
ʱõ鷿ӵʱ̣ûͣһԶפȥ
սСԺû߼һϤӰͳǰ
ݰ
ݰѾҪٽڣҲʱ
硣
翴ݰһ̣ԷԶһ£ȻͿ첽˹
СԺԭһֱţΪٽһ¡ʱûСԺ̫ı仯ͻ¹ȣȷЩɪ
ôˣҲתݰ
ݰ﷢Ⱥе㲻
ôˣǰĵһ仰
Ŷղ鷿һᡣڻشҪҷˡżȸԾ
ȥض˵ǼͬŵĻ¡粻ǡ֪ܻؼң̲סһʱ佫£ݰ
Ϳ粻ͬ仰ݰȻͣ˽ŲһЦҲˡ
ôˣ
һ£ʣ㲻᲻Ұɣ
û뵽ĻǣԼ仰˵֮վڶݰǿ۾Ȼĵͷˡ
һȣֻһ¡
һ⡣
⼸죬űһ׮С
ݰı飬кȻ֣ɣ
ͣͣͣҪ˼룡ϽԼ˼µݰ￴ȥ
Ȼʱݰ￴Լȴûмĸӡ
ǣݰصͷ˵Ҳ뿪
ԵĻþһֶΣǰˡԭѾݰԸһ


31 
ЩȻؽתһߣ ͣһ˵Ҳһֱڷǣ˵һ̫ӵ飬Ѿû֪ Ҫǣ ܻ鷳
ݰʶһʱ䣬һʼʱ Щĺͷ ݰ֮Ѿ޻̸
˵ղһ ̲ס̾һ
һ˵һСԺȥ
Щǣ һᣬݰͻȻʣ㡭ô̫£
ţ
練Ӧһ£ ̧ͷݰ￴ȥϧǣ ݰﻹʹǰһ е
һʱ䣬羹Ȼ֪ݰʵľʲô
ʱ ݰϿ侲ʵﲢˡ
ڷûһ粻ͬݰ֪Щ鵽˭ġ顣
Ȼ粻̫ܺĹϵ Է֮ȴǼʵĲСôЩһֱ̫ӣȻûжȨƣ Ƿе
 ҥԺܿ㴫˳ȥ
뵽ݰкȻһ㲻ͷ ҪֻĻ Ȼܹ´ɾû뵽 ̫֪֮󣬷ǵû෴ڰƲһ
ǱȽϿţ̫ӶԣЩ˴šȴܺݺݵôһ硣
ʱڣݰﶯ̫ӡ
ͣһ£ڻشݰ⡣
Һ̫Ҳ죬ʵνɣ
ʵ⻰˵֮Ҳ̲סһϸһ£ԼĲһ¡
СһѾûôĿ
ݰһֱһ̵ˣȻ̲סֱ磬йض¡
ݰջûн仰˵ڣµõһԼʧĴ𰸡
粻ƴӵ⴫һݰҲͱĴ˲һʹ󣬲νٳ죬͸һ̣ݰбǷ⡣
磬һ
ݰ֪ԼһУֲ֪
ΪȻʣǴȴͲ˳ֻǲԸ϶ѡԼκһѰ㡣
ݰСԺһᣬݰϺйҪæһ֮󣬱뿪ݰһֱĵףǽĪоһ㲻ģ
ʱΪʵȻô˵ˣԼػһʱ䣬Լһݰ˵⡣
û뵽ô졣
*
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ӰʼʹĴҹɫ¹֡
ٰĵط֪ȪƾɽԶ׳۵ĽȺɽʵʵֻнȥܼ֮ʶʲôж졣
һɫ۵磬ͽλоλһվʵĵطǰǻƵˮǴɽȪ
ʱ˻ң⣬лӹϯ䣬ϿҲڡ
¹Ľһϲʿϲ֮硣
һ磬ֻа˷񣬸輧ݴײĸ衣
һʱ䣬֪Ȫü֡
ڱ߹سԵʣԾӪֶСע⵽ط˵ǴҪһ֧ؾʵڲϸ
ڣڻʵߵģǿ߾ḻģǳõˡ
Щ˺Լһûмʱ䡣ûıǣûʲôΣʶ
翴ԶԼǸн^˼꣬ھ͵ŲԶŮ
ֱ龰ЩΣգսг
˵𽣣ҲòԾ
ƽջʵߵĽʲôģǲЯеġΪʢ彣Ҳֻûпеֽ
Ҫʲô⣬һ˶ռǵһԽݲ磬̲ס۲죬˼롣
ˣһϽղֵֹ뷨ѹȥ
Ȼʱ١
֪Ȫڴԣһյ޴͵ƣǷ񻰴˵нϢĴġԶԶȥƻԻͺǺÿ
˺ÿ⣬յ͵Ƶȼ֮󣬻һɵӡ
ղŮ˵һ㰲ãڹȻ˵һ֪ȪˣȻ᲻񣬵עȴ𽥷ɢ
ҪڲǽֻμҹӵĻ˳ҲѾ
Ϊһĵˣ绹Ŭע۲ܡ
һɫɴµŮһ󻺻ͷ˳ȥڽҪߵſڵһ̣һ룬ȻǱ˳
ʲô
ʱǸŮѾߵűߣڳ˵עѾˡ
ֻ翴
ģ
Եģվڻʵ۲Զ磬̽ȥ
ѽĽҲʵģȻûгʣڽ볤һ룬Ƿһײ
һ£֪ȪǷ쳣
ݣֹһΧĽȫ˳
һŮʼΧʮŮʦˣȻͬʱ˳
ۡǵһˣǼĳ绹̲סһ
ûмʶĳ
֪Ȫʵ̫ˡ
ƽɺÿĹңڴʱҲΪϰ
ڽĻ£μٽڵĹ׷뿪ʱ緢һ˺ȻԼߡ
ݰ
Ӧ뿪ݰǵûڵһʱһ֪߳Ȫ˻Σյĵط
һסĸ첲˵磬ߣ
Уʶؾܾݰн뿪ĵ
ȻЩ棬ǴС󽫾ʲôǾˡ
ػӡ
ڵ˵뿪֪Ȫֱһܵ顣
ޱȼᶨ
˵䣬ǰѽѾˡһ֣㽫ü뵲˹ȥЪȻתݰ˵Ҫңһȥ
ٺܿ죬˵仰ʱֽݰĳƺӡˡ¡
æŻӽ粢ûпݰı飬ֻԷԼ˸á֡
ݰղ˵תڵķȥ
⿴һĻ粻΢
ԭڲ֪УߡǸһжıѾˡ
Ѿ뿪¹ɹݰĿҵԡδ̫ԾӣݰıӰο
Ѿߵߵݰ򽫻δκڣΪʲôʱԼûߡ


32 Ϊ
ʱ֪ȪѾҳһţ ԶǸŮԺһӱĳһΣ
粻һˣ֮ڴߣ һ顣ӽң 취¹ǺΣĿġ
ȻСϰ䣬 óĻǹ ˵ѽ ûһѿеġ
ôһһĻȥ𽥱ĥټϺͽвպһȣ һ֣ʱѾע⵽ ڵķأ Ҳһмܵĸо
ʱ һĸߴˣȻذף 㿪н˶ȥ
ԼûпеĽͬǰذ׷ĺ⣬ȥֽ һܸƤ⡭
һξ룬ڿǰذ׵ͬʱѾ˽ĵлƿ 
ʱԭμ˲඼Ѿϯ ͻȻ һ߿˵Լǰļ̿ͣ תǸذ׵˶ȥ
Ṧã ҪҪĻûܹס
գ֮䣬ԭʧǸ˵ǰ
ذײɲǼбһССĻ𻨡ͻȻֵĽУ˻һ£Ų̧ڵλÿȥ
ȻֺȻһ١
ʱҲǰ˵ӡɫس΢ķкᲱ˰̡
Σ
˭
һ̣ޱ𾪣𾪵ˣ¾ֻкΣˡ
㣿ʶ
Σҧѹ˵ÿ
Σ𲻻ϣʱйһʱó꣬ʵǺкøеġԼԼһϤĸо
֪罫۸ߵ˺󣬺Σ㽫֮ǰЩøУȫѹȥȻΣûжº֡һҪ֪ԼģһΣܵĲԸ˺Է
ղž񻹸߶ȽţΪΣʶɣǰǺΣҲԷһ㡣
˵ûиղôˡ
ΣĻҲÿȻȥɱʥ𣿡
˵䣬Ѿ˺üС
ղӦ˵ʱǿܹסһĵĸо
һ㣬˵ϻ߶ûн⡣
ںΣȻռϷ磬еʱ򣬻ǲĬĬ֣̾Զͬ˵ĳ졣һһʽǻӶԴʵսġ
ºΣҲУˣȻһǸӣǱ˿๤
ת˱ѾʮУʱҲǶ̶̼Ϣѡ
粻ϱΣȥͬһʱ䣬ղű˦ߵ̿ͣҲϮ
רӦԵʱȻΣߣԼбȥ𽥵ƣ硣
б
״̲סһۣһһ亹
Լô̫ӣ
ľ˰ء
ôѾڷǴ˲һʱ䣬Ҳ˽̫ˡǻӵܣޣ޾гƫء
ƫġȻġ
̫ӵ£ģ״̲סһ¡
ϴξ¥Ĳɢһֱ̫ߡôԷı䲻̨̫ɾʵ
ٻû꣬Բﰡ
ƺǳ⡣
޺Ȼһ翴ȥ׵̫ӣ΢ЦŵģƺԶݲȣԶӵı
һ̣޵УȻ˼벻⡣
£ղű˦Ⱥ̿ͣѾߡ֪Ȫɽηǳĸӡƣ޵ߣ̫̫ӵ¿ߣ
ͬһʱΣڲٺֱ޶ȥ
ʵѾΧ֮**ˣһ뵽̫ӵݣһӦ̿ͣһŬΪԷȡʱ䡣
Դȥһ֮Ƕ˲֪ʶ
̨֪ɾھ죬һ˾ĵɡʱ粢ûоʲô޲ա
ЩʱĶߺȻһ
ԭʱԱһŮĴ̿ͣеϮ 
һвû˵磬ȴϵϻ˹ȥ
ͳһźɫխۣ˵ǲױ˵ġǼ粿һССƷȴǡɱйסôһ˺
¶˳ʶĵͷһۡ
ʵ粢ûˣǿѾÿ֮һ¡
ڲȥµʱ䡣
Ϊʱ򣬺ΣĽѾ޵ĺ£
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ܺҲнæͲãȺ˶ڣѼޡ
һ뵽̫ӽٻû꣬ھ磬һһ˵ΧֱӳźΣȥ
һ̣޾ͱһߡ
𣿣Ƕ״̬ˡ˶ԺΣľơ
ǿ粻ҪƵĳԼǰΣǲһʶĽеذһ㡣
ͱԼͻȻŵʧȥһǵĺΣһڵֱ侲Ĳ񻰡
֪ΣΪʲôѵ˻ϳԼ
ͷɻֻг˶̶һ˲ʱĺΣһĶ֡
Ǹʱɱ˶Է
ʱ򣬺ΣȻת̿Ļ˵һ䣺Ҫɱסͺá
ǣ
յΣЩ˾Ӭһ˹
Կ̿͵ʱ򣬺Σһ̫ӵĿڶȥ
һѾûа취סˡ
飬ֹУڲ֮䡣
ʶǰȥὣΣɱС
Ȼڽʱ䣬ûκƵġ߽û㿴ΣֳԼǰһĶߴһƤⱻƿ
һֱΣǰذ׺ûմ˵Ѫذ״ŵʱֻо˴̹ǵ⡣
Ȼʹ
ʹ
˲ʧǰѳһҵ˵ϡ
㱼˺ΣɴͲŵı顣
һ̣Ϥǰ
ʶںڰ
֪Լµһ̣Σڿϵ


33 ֮
Σģģؿ ϣһϸܵ
ʹԷʲô۸һ飬 ϧΣû塣
Σ룬ټ۵ʱԼһҪʣ ־ʲô
ǻصķɳڷǵľУֻնӼ䡣
֮Ӧ

Զǧڣ ߵ
в̫Ĵ࣬ һͻأðľĿɲǼ䣬 Σࡣ
ڿֵ˲䣬Σܵһ۾
ϣֻɺϣģǸ˲䣬 ϵĶȴΣĺۼغˡ
ϴ
ۣΣ 
ͬһʱ䣬ֱϺȻһů⡣
һ̣ ʺ˺Σ硣
Σǰذ׺̣ܶ΢΢׾Ϳڻ˵ࡣʱѾȫûƤ⣬Ѫһһֹסð ڸԭ ֻһƬɫĺۼ
Σޱȼѵصͷ  Լϵǹů⣬塣
һֻ׹ĺֱƮȻµһ̣Σ֪ԭǰ˵壬ôôĴ

֪û
廨ͷ
ɲǼ䣬ǰйʱĳһӿ˺ΣԺ죬ǰԼùƳգԼѾʮļȥΣֱڲŷ֣ԼȻһһĻǵô
籾úһѿ⡣
ȴΪԼôѪ
Σϰ䣬ԼͷմѪʲôʱ
ֻ֪ԼⱲӶûһҹ
ҽУ硣磬𣿡
仰Ȼ
磬ۡ
ʲôۣ
Լˣʼն磡
֪ȪһţΣոǿӿ롣ۼŻʵۣǲһ㱻Լɱ˵̫ӶѾΧߣΣһҲ뿪ˡ
Ȼʱ򣬺Σȴ˴˴
֣Ҫǻû磬ǰѾ֧ŲסűӲĵשȥ
Σȴ̵ֻһա
ΣԺУһ棬ʵʱҲ͹˼Ϣѡ
Ծһ̣վںΣߵһŮȻסĸ첲
ϣҪˣ
Σ˼ڱϣվԭزߵȻ׸ղŷʲôڻǲ𱰽Σ֪Ȫĵȥ
һУռƻС
ΣǶ˻һôߵ˴ţԭ·뿪˻¹
һ·ϣýŵȻ
һĻĻһδӺΣԺиֳ

һ꣬󽫾ڣҲûеĵز
ر߹һӵ󽫾ɲϲ̫ǣȺ˴ϵ֤֮һ
ȺΣ飬ȻҲ֪ߡϾǸ統Ȼȥչ˺ΣԵ꣬ΣǱһ˾ȹġ
Ǹʱ򣬺ΣԴˣ۾ֻģģĸܵһӰ仯
ǵԼ֮ԼԼһ걳
سǽķӣǻɵģɳĮ⣬ҲǲõòٲõĽɫΣ𿴲òֻܿһŵ
Լ˱ϷһȦǳǳĽߣ˵еoһ㡣
Σʲô񣬵һ̣ΪǴ˵ɽ٣Լ˳
ȻСϰ䣬ϼûһӡ
һʼʱΪΣ𳣻ᷢգܻһºΣĶͷڵǷ
ʱʧȥӾΣҲô
ǵãԼڸղ˵ʱԺض˵ܲܲҪߣһ᣿
Ǹʱ򣬴ɫѾΣԼԼ˵һʲôűһԼļȻ˴齱ߡ
һ϶ûߡ
ȵҹ˵ֱſڴ齱˯ˡ
صҹôټϺΣˣϾһģûˡ
ΣĤһҹ߶ͨͨΣ˯ˡ
أɳ˵ۣ˯𣿡
ɾſԼֻûа㷴Ӧ
Ѿ˯
Σ룬û뵽Լǵʱ򣬸ܵһůЩŵȥһ㽫ָϡ
ΣҪҹָסԼò
ϧǣʱѾ˯죬ѹСϣΣȥֻ۾
ĽëܳܳʱëźĽ࣬ںΣɨš
һ⣬ôָ⣬ȫ
ɲǼ䣬ΣǱ̵һ˻ָоֱպΣûǡ
ʱѾ뿪¹ĺΣȻתƻԻ͵Ĺȥ
ůɫĹ⣬ɫ۾ӳǺΣȴû䡣
ΪȻڹһѾϳԼԼȴöԷļв
һ̣Σ̲סŻ¹ķһ
ŻΧˡ
ϣǿ߰ɣ
ϾҪˡ
Σû˵ٳŻ¹һʱлŸղǰذףһҹڹĳΣһʹ
ţȻΧ¾УذףݺݵԼĻڴȥ
統ҧλá
Լ걨ģ˭Ȼֽذ״̵ţ
ںΣӣ̲סҧŻ¹ķȥ
ͬһ̣źΣĹ򣬸ߵһһΣĲȥ
ߣΣʶʧǰֻصسԼ̾һϣԲסˡ
*
ںΣһ뿪¹ͬʱ֪Ȫûƽ
֪ȪɽƽʱžĹңڶΣյĴʡ
ǾδǻѰǷд֪̿ȪʱһŽµ꣬Ȼ˽
ӣ
ӵ£ǻȷﻹûд̿ͣ

һĬº͵ӣһѽǰĽƿ
ΧһӰ
ʱ֪ȪﶼѪζζȻݰ˳ѪҺ
ݰ߲䵽˽ĳϡһν
ɱЩûõˡ
ҪѪƽϢԼķŭ
ݰ֪ԼΪ绹
Ƿ˵ǻ¹ܳĻӣһ̣ΧȻݰϣܵ˾þλ߲еɱ
ɲʱ䣬һء
ݰûж࿴һۣ߿ٴɨźȻ䵽˲Զһʯ¡


34 һ
ݰ￴; £ѾѪʪ
ȥǡһûˡ
磿˵ڣݰŷԼ ôɳơ
˾ǰһݰȴôҲȥһʬ⣬ ԼҲ֪Լôߵߵġ
ݰû뵽Լһν籧𣬾Ȼʱ̡
еˣĺҶ ҲĩҶһ㡣һ ͻὫ顣
һ˲䣬ݰһʧ˻꾿ʲôĸо
磬 ٳһ£Ҵߡ
ĺ£Ѫ͸ ֻһƬɫĺۼ
ݰ￴һ̣ ɫĺۼȻӵļϡһβѪݰԼᡣ
ݰﾭ£ ƽжô侲ǱϣҲһʮꡣ
ƽݰԼĴ;ȫ һ̣ ЩԭΪԼѾû˵ Ȼͬһ˲ӿ˳
ݰ￴ Լֻڲ
ֱʧȥԵľ壬޷κ顣ǸˣҪͷȴһѹȥ
֪Ȫ˱㿴˫۾ܵγѪ§磬һһ߳
뿪ǼѬ¯Ϣɢɾڿвµһ̣ݰ־ˡ
֪ʲôʱ̫޾ȻҲ
һֱ躹޵ݰһ̾Ȼ̲ס޴̫ҽ̫ҽ
ʱݰֱ˼㡣
˶Ϊ̫ӻû뵽޾ûܵݰӲһתޱżı˼̫ҽ֣ùǽǽ
ʱݰɲԸ⽫¡
ʱе˺Ȼؿһ
ݰͷѾȫѪɫ˫һƵ۾ѽϣʧȥȫ
ɫȻµѩҪף׳¡Ǳ߰ɫѪԡ
ȿȿȡ
ԣֱܽοȳļƣҲŶ
ݰ￴ԭ鴹ֻ֣Ȼս˼ϢȻɿʱѻһ̣ľ
һʵ̫ۣԭѾȥ磬ëȻǺĳһ㣬΢΢
Զ̫ҽѾҩ䱻˲˹
ݰ̲ס庢ͯ˵һ£̫ҽѾˣϾܺˡ
û۾̧մץȥ
㡣
Сӽһ㣬ݰȴֻ
ʶأݰסֻ֡
ֱʱŷ֣ԭϣҲǰ¶ȶûУĺ顣
棬߶߶˵ʲô۾Ȼ˫ĿȻʧ
ȿȡڤ磿㡭ң
ԺĴڤ硱֣ݰﲻɱ
Լ˵ʱ򣬡ĸ֣ȻĿС
˵
һ̣ݰκ
̫ҽڸ˹
紽ߵѪ̫ҽ˵ᡭṫӶˡ

ʵʴʱĿ
ǺͻҵݰȣķӦֱǡֲ֡
Ͼζʱ綼ڰΰѼȥڤ翴һҲһ
ʶԼһ̻ڿţһ̣Ȼͨ泩һο
˵֮ǰļΣ翴ĶһЩȤճ
ڤʱʮоŴʣµʱͻῴź֣Ĺ
硰һǺһڰߡ
ϵķģɢǳǳĹ
ڤ֧ģҪоԴ֧ȫС
һʼʱΪÿ춼ھҵҵĹǺ֣񲢲ڤ˵˲࣬ڤ֮ϣǧֻһˡ
ÿκ˵ŷҲֻ˵˵ѡ
˾죬һȾƣȥͶԵ
粻֪źʲôܱѹڤµģӦҲʲôˡ
Ϊڤ֮ȴһ㣬еʱȻ;䣬Ǵû¶ĵ顣
ΪһԼҪڤĵĴϰ죬оܻؼҵʱ򣬺Ȼкزϡ
ǵɳƵٴ𣺡ôͣ
æȻ˵
ǺЦһ¡
ʱԭһֱúôڤĺȻӿ˳
üëһ塣
Ȼûе˵ʲôһ壬ɫ
ڤһƵʱ䶼û𣿡ӰдһЦ⣬ȥ鲻ҪûĻΪ۵ְŶ㵽ڤİɣ
𣺡
Ҳ̲סЦһ¡
˵ĵûдڤ϶һӣ˲ֻͺżҲлСɹ
ȻߣϤ֮ȴûʲôӡ
ͨȺ˵̸˽⡪ʵǿھϵ۵ģϲɡҪǵۣһһжҪԼ춢ţÿ춼һҪ붼û룬ѡ
ڤߣ¶Ҫһ˳ţǺû˶ճҲûʲô飬ֻöʱάͿˡ
Ȼȥ߷ŵľƺ
һڣȻüʣʲôƣ
˽ʲôš⫝ƣ
֣״̬綼һ¡
⫝ƣôǽ⫝ƣҲ̫˰ɣ
һ̫Ӵ¥ĺ
֪ڤвֻǸӰߣǵϣǰ˹ľϹ
ȥߣܻὫƹ
ƱҪҡ˵
ճ˵Ǻǲ뿪ڤӵģ翴ôҲס֮һֱһΪ֧ڤ磬һ룬Ϊ˽ѹ
ڣƺ¡
УֻܿһģӰ
ֻһ£ڽ⫝
ţЦղ顣

֣УȻһ㲻õԤС

ʱǳǽ
һµңȻϾѣʶһ¶ͷŷԼ֪ʲôʱһ亹
ۼʱ仹磬ң˯
ĿֹһҲɲסˡ
ʱңȻСԺ⴫һŲһС̫ŵ˽ڿңһ̣ͨһ¹Ĵ齱ߡ
ߡߵ£С̫߶µ˵ﴫϢ˵˵ṫˣֶпܣпܡ
˵ȻסˣңһѽС̫˫Ŀʵôˣ
ֻС̫ѿͷȶǰˣŸҽǼ˵ȥˡ


35 
˵ʲô Χ˶һ
ңڳͣµĻģȥһӤʡʱ߻ң ٲȻһ깫ģ͵Ǹġӡȫͬˡ
Χ˶˵¹ȥߵµӣ ѵó
Ȼһңȴʧ̬ˡ
ʲôֶ
ңԴҳһţʶˣǽȫע䵽˶Ǽϡ
綾ΪԼ
ңĬŲ˵ С̫಻֪ô¸ӺˡֻǶͣ һֳңһ½һµĿͷ
ңǱһ˵硭ҪȥҰ硭ôܻأ
ң Ѿһǻ
ʱգ Ҳ͸ոշһ̰׶ѣٰʱ
ңʶسⱼȥȫԼϴŵģ˯ʱ£ԼһѹʲôԸꡱǱġ
ң˵Ҫߣ ǱͺܽŵС̫һӾͻ
ȻС̫סң ȴȻһ£ֻһ̣ңصˤ˵ϡ
ԭ֪ʲôʱңĻ¶Ѿɢ ˫΢΢ ܶһˡ
ң̫ˣ һֱΪһԼԶĻ⡣
ûκһ̣һ־š
ңһˤ쳣ǱϥǡȫĥƤһĸоƤš
Ļһ߻ӵأ
״ղǸһͷ̫࣬СŮȫ˽ǸϽң
£ϣزأ
ˤһɲǣңѾ׺ˮŮĻңҪǵſ֮ŷ֣ԼȻһˡ
㡭
ңĺǾһ㣬һؽһصϢУ纣һϮ
硭
ңŬڴɤＷ֣Ȼʵ̫СˣΧûһ
Ů̫һң˴齱ߡ
ǿңֻϵ֣ڲܿƵĲš
ĹŮ̫࣬ȫǸңһӻ¹ģ˵һֱߡʮʱ䣬Ļûмңôʧ̬ңôԣôӣ϶йڵġ
ڵȴǱһֱˮ
ꡰ硱ֺңǳ׵׵һˡûа취
Ӷǡҩ֡
ңȻ˴Ͼǻӣһγ̫͹Ů⣬ʵۻ̫ҽ֮⣬ң˽ҲвٵĽ
һӣң뷽跨仹йѰⶾķӡ
ȻԾһջûС
ǰԼûҵҩ
һ뵽ңɲǼ
һߣ⣬Լϵġ
ʱԼʲôȥأ

һ죬类ֱ͵̫ڵȥ
Χ̫ҽ˵ṫǾȲˣҪڹĻЩ̫˶
һҹ̫ҽʲô֥ȫһ飬ĺöҲȫˡ
ֱ콫Ҫʱûһ㻺ļ
ϣȥ˯һ㡣
ܿĶͷȫ亹
ƹ󣬴ʱˡ̫ҽæǰæѾܴ̫Ҳһû˯
ߣ˫Ϊ϶ôֲڵ֣̫֡Ҳû˵˲֪೤ʱ䣬̫Ȼӣ۽Ǵһˮ
Χ̫ʮ̫ࡢŮޱ⣬˭֪̫ʱ򣬿Ǵġ
ڴҵӡ֮УŮƺԶ侲١ôį
̫۽ǵʱ򣬲ԶµȻһ¹˵ϡ
̫תȥü˵ʲôѽ
û˵ֱӳ̫ͷ
һᣬӣ˺ܴһ˵̫Ĳˡء
⡭
̫ԥһ¡
Ȼ֪ԼŮĿһλڱ߹صļȥദ˲һʱ䣬̫лֲᡭ
ڴû뿪ԭ̫УǸطŻ
̫ûа취˵ܾĻ
ֻص̾һȻڵͷ˵áҲ㣬ʱȥ˵ɡ
Ҳ̶̼ʱ䣬ͱģ̫ȻûнС󣬿ǿӣ̫ҲĲ̡
һγĬ˵Ķֻ̫ҽҴҵĽŲ
̫Ϣһɡ
ʱһһֱվ̫ߵڿˡ
̫һۣȻ̾һ˵ûһ뿪˼
˵Ǵ̫ޣҲһҹ˵仰ǰ޷ô
Ҳû뵽羹ȻԼϾǰһӲŲɢ
ǰһӵҲԼı
ȻϿºͺദʵϴС˵ҲǸƢˡϰ˽һУϰӵУϰ˶˳Լ
ǵһŸɵˡ
¥£ޱ
ڣȴû˸ӹ
ʶԼĸ飬ǵһʱھԲǡ
ʵǶ룬ʱܾǱ˵Ļ޿ҲһЦֻ֮磬Ըô
ҪԷԶôȥ
йԼķԷ֮޲û෴ĬĬڱһѡ
ʶԼôҪԼ֣롰硱ְһھҲһ
ڣһƺˡ
޵һκԼ
Լ޳ܡ
*
ƹʹֵĵط
Ĵǣȫ
ǹ磬п粻ˣȻ
ֻһˣĬվƹ֮⡣
ݰ
ûʸȥЩһ
Ƿ飬ݰлһ㲨
鷳ͬȨƵ˾Ҫվ¡
ڣݰܲġ
ûҪȨ
ݰͿʳǵĽһѲݰ¹Ľ䱸Ҳɭϡû˵Ҳûʸ˵
ʱգ̶ݰٵˡ
ԼֻȨܱ뱣ˡ
ֻȨԼʱߡ


36 ҧ
֮ǰΪڤʱ ʶѵġ
һΣʼȾʶǻ֮䡣
Ǻһһߺžƣ ֪˶೤ʱ䣬 ԭɢĺȻһһź۵ˣ˳
ɻģ ڿǸӰ˲䣬 绹̲סһ
ʲô
ѵ˵ źԭΣ
ȻķӦͬǣ ƺһҲԾ
ֻǻ̧Ӱһۣűһûһ
侲֮ ̲ס뵽ʵӦҲ
ϾһӵڤҪԭεĻ ҲͿˡ
ڤûҹ֣֮ ʱŶܲ
֪УϵľƺѾˡ
翴 ɴߡֻں˾ƺ һµڲղʱˡ
бڤӱߵľ޴ʯϣ ʯͷ᾵ģ濴ޱȴֲڣҵǼǡȴֱӿȥ ĶȻ ʯͷ ߶
𣿡
 ǺӰؽ˼֡
ǺȵЩ࣬Ӱֻ֮ءšһûһ˼
Ҳʱ֣Լʶһģ
ʼ䣬翴Ǻɵˣߣͣһؽַŵϡ
ܴʱѾ̫ľˣǴǺ΢΢ָ绹ܹڽš
Ҫʲô
ںָ߱Եһ̣ʶΣգҪһ𣬵ǵſź֪ԼļС
ûа취κˣֻԹߵĽǶȥ
ǿԼҪھ˯š
ֶһ£ģͬԥ
ԥûгãһ̣һһģ߽˿
ͬʱǸɵİӵĳӼͷɢ䣬˵ݾڵֻܿؿ𡭡
Ҫʲô
һ¾ͽ
ɲɵǣʱڤӱϺȻһ硣
Ƿ粻󣬿ý˵ĳ
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ں˼ʲô
ϽҡͷŬŽֵֹĸоԼԺ֮иϳȥԼӡ
ȻǳϧǣôŬǺϡ
ֲñѹڤأȻҧҲ̫޳˰ɣ
ǰһ̣绹ź޳ܣںһ̣޳ܵ鷢ˡ翴ǺɵЦһ¡
ڤӱϵķڴ͸īļ϶翴ʱ۾
Ϊ˾ưɣ۽΢΢죬Ĵ͸һ𲻸еĴ֮ǰҲûн۾סһ̣лǲһϤС
ܾ˫۾
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ҪԼںδ˫۾ʱ򣬾ͼЦһ£Ȼ󡭡ȻȻĴһ¡
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һ̣ղѾһԺ磬˲˹
ܵػԼǲǿˣǽ֮󣬺ֳЦЦĶ˵Ҳϲ𣿡
Ҳϲ
֮ǰöΣҲÿÿʱڴԵʰɣľԣǰһµˣ꣬һ֪˶ɡ
ɲô鰮粻һ
ʱӶǣôң
仰ļ϶лʱʱĶôôࣿ

ƽΪڤ֮һὫǰɵߡ
һκ˾ƣķӦЩٶۡ
ں˵Ǿ仰Ȼص˵ͷ
ʱڤӱߵķ绹ڴǸȥشޱߣֻܿ۾
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⻰浱Ȼ𾪣ֻԼǸᴥޱߵָ΢һ¡
ʧ̬ˡ
ķӦ̶̼Ϣѡ
˵㻹롭Ա𣿡
ȻѾüǧ꣬Ǹǳ񡣵һ棬뿪ո費ϵľ죬һڤ磬ĳЩֱźܵһ档
ʱû̫ƣƾűȥ¡
ȻҪǣˡ
ҿòǳ
Ǹ˵Ļڵϵָ΢΢һû˵ڤӱߺȻĬΪܾԷ߳ͷʱȴ΢ɳƵһá
ʲôԱģ
ֱʱſʼղŵ顣
ܿͲȥˣǰĻ𰸡
ڤӱϵĺŨ
翴Ǹ˸ǰšϵĺ£ȻôӼڤƤףһ覴öûС
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ڴʱΧֻкɫʯڤӣȻҲһҸС
ɴ۾׵׵
⣬ʲô
ۣϽۣ
Ȼ͸ղһ걻˴磬ûа취۾
ŨҲбڤӱߵķԴɢʱֻ̡ԼԼһ㻭棬ԽԽ˼
ɢ䣬׵ĲǣҲ֪ʲôʱһƬгݺӡڴ˴
ͻȻ类һ඼һ¡
ҲʱһޱĮȻġˡĶԣû練ӦǰĻͬղŵĺһȻɢ
ʶݵĹغڰȹһ΢İ
ṫˡ
ǣ
̲סɻһ£Ųʶǹ̫ҽԭʱԼѾ뿪ڤ磬»ص˻¹
ǸղһĻĳ̫һûԼΪʲô˲ϡ
һֱ̣Ȼ


37 ػر߹
磬 оô
һ仰Ѿ֪˶ٴΡ
뿪ڤ磬Ժۺ ĵһ仰
Ϊңжʵ۽¹õ̫ҽɸ˶֪ʵ̫ۡܿ磬Ϊ̫ҽ ǵҲȫϵϡ
ÿÿǻ̫ҽޱȹе
һزһ ˹ġһ⣬ ޷ڵĿ־塣
Լݰ￴ ǿ硣
Ҫǣ ݰ۽ǱߣһνҪ׹ˮ
ݰˣ
ʱֺ֪ʶ ŸԼ˵Ǿ仰ʱݰҲ΢΢š
ܽš
ȷݰڽ
ҪӶԷȥѰ֤ Ϊݰֻ֣Ѿ˵й¶˳
ݰڴ£ὫԼ ںܶ˵ һ⵭Ȼˡ
ԽˣĿбŷŨеʱ򣬱Խǲݺӡ
Ҫ ̫ݰ ղŴڤǺ Ѿǰôˡ
Ŀһ̣籾ܵؽ˿
һ̣˶ûü˵ʲôһȺ˺Ȼǰ
ʱҹֻݰһʼ۾ߡĶһߵĹŮڷӦ˹Ϣ˶е
̫ҽŮ̫࣬пǽݰ
ϵ꣬ȫ̫ҽǼǶ˵缪Ǿһܴء
ɲ֮䣬Щ˱ԭһ꣬ԶԶˡ
ΪݰͻȻ뿪Ҳһ׹
ݰڵҪ£ֱʱ򣬲ڤһȦź֪ķ֡Լûа취˵
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ĸо˯ʱлѡ
ܶѾϵĽȴûкã΢һ֮ʹһ̣һαģ
ʱҹЩͻȻڵĵƻûüϡ
Χˣһ˲ֽס˴롣̲סһ̳ر۾
һۣ翴ȺݰһԼҲ֪ʲôĸ鿴ĿȻºͣʼյŵͷҲ֪ʲôʱ̧
Ҳһ̣ͻȻޱʶݰˡ
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»˯ȥ֮ǰеһ仰ǣݰûб䣬ߡǸӦӵġ
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һأֶ϶˯˴µʱ䡣
֮ǰЩͬǣ˵ʱٻصڤ硣ÿ˯źȫʧȥʶ
̫ҽΪ翪ҩУһԳɷ֣µʱ䣬缸˯жȹġ
ȵԳһʱ򣬹˴ʥּ󽫾
绤йУξ֮θפء
׸ԭǰ佫֮Ҳɵ佫ʵʼղ̫Ը佫ǹߵȨ佫ǨҲҪһ㡣
ڱУξһıֻнˡ
ҵĹӣΣǸһƽطĸо
Щ꣬ȴûһ˼ʡģϾõЩȫʵʵģԼѪġ
ȻһһҲڷǴˣ˻ûáڽӵʥּǲ뿪ڷִ˺һʱ䡣
ȵȬʱһŶ

֮Ѿܾû뿪󽫾ͷˡ
ֻ֣ŷǳȥһ̣ڳڵ磬̲סؽ
˵Ҳɣǵʱ죬뿪ʱҲʢġ
ȻֻвʷѾشǧ֮áתһ̣аɸߵʯǽ
ʱǽܽǰⶫȻһϢС
ǽһֻɫľޣվԼ
һ̣Ȼüƿ
˳ǣٶȱ죬ӴķԶȥͬʱȻ뵽Ҳ֪Լһ﾿ʲôʱ
뵽㽫ŵͷ˳ȥ
Լһ뿪ǣԶҲˡ
ֻǣȵݰһͳ£Ҳ̫ƽʱԼδĻʵ۰ɡ
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Ͼաߡ˵ݰδҪһͳ£¹ˡ
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еʱݰòڹ϶һˣڼҲһζûҲ㶼գͶ񣬻ǡ
˵ݰÿ磬ŵκˣֻһ߾ؿѡ
˵Ҳɣᵽݰʱ򣬹ٵԶһСͤȻһ
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˵ûӡУݰȷѾܾûˣ뿪ʹ֮һζûмݰﶯ
ݰȻŴ
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һǰǵ˱Ͳ࣬ȥʱҲֻѡһ˵ͣһܣ򻺻ͣͤߡ
ģۼżҪ³Ͻѡżżѵ磬˰֣Ծȥ
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ǰ껺վû˵һ仰ֻǾؽ籧˻С
ʱһԶݰĳԼԼ֪ﴫ˹ȥ룬ǸǲԼʱ͸ݰģֻԼ˵磬غǧҪҡ
ģһġ
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Щصĸ£ûע⵽ݰ
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粻֪ٶݰ˵ζʲôԼжôⶫ
ڷǴһôˡǲǰٵģǵݲ
ҡҡͷ΢˰벽
ݰ˵ǻӣֻ֮ٸԼͺˡ
һ˲䣬ݰȻһ仯ˡ
Ȼûе˼Զ˵µ֮ɡ
һҪڽ֮ǰϵһվ
ĻݰЦһ¶˵߰ɣȻҪˡ
šص˵ͷתȥ
ڽҪϳһ̣绹̲סתԶԶݰ￴һۡ
һīµݰվԭأޱעԼݰ飬Զͬ˵죬ݲǸˡ
Ҳ֪һμݰʲôʱ
Ǹʱָʲôأ
һۿ꣬Զվȥ
һǰȥһ̣Ķ߾Ȼһ
Ѿܾݰݰȴûġ
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һֱԶһ̣ݰﶼͣ¡
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һ֮ǰǳ̴ʮ󽫾Ϊ뿪ǳء
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ܴʱ˺ƽЭ飬һ̹ڶȺ֮ԭڻɳ֮µìܣȴȫȫı¶˳
շæУȻſȸ
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׼ȷ˵Ǿ졣
ÿζҲһʱ䣬ǻǧÿζʱֻܶ϶һԷƬΡ
濴˼Σˡڤӱϵ鷢Ȼֱˣ
ܵ˾ȥߵʱ򣬻ӹһڤķӡ
Ժ漸Σ翴Ļ棬ڲÿڤӱϴȥ죬һ߶źһÿһȲ衣
ֵľ죬羹Ȼӿȥġ

ϤĵطϤˣһֱھӪ磬еʱʶǷǡ
زԶɳĮ˴硣
վڳϵ磬̲ס۾ŲԶȥ
ӣķô󰡡ʱһСʶľ̲סĶ˵ȻѾ˾ΣЩСϰߺ֮ǰһṫӡ
ţ۾˵ǰˡ
ʮ꣬ûмľ
ֻ磬ɳ˶
ܹĽΨ縸Ĳ¡ԭѾȥϢ죬һλص˳¥ϡ
ԶԶؿ磬Ψ첽ֱʣɳ˶ã
籧ȭ񣬻شԼһ̡
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ͬڷǣصıʿǶ֪аٲı¡
ȺҪҲһ˺á
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á
ϱ඼Ǹɽ֮Խͼطѹ
һ£صĳǽԶȥԲʮĴĮھһࡣ
ȫסʶޱȽǡ
ͣһᣬΨתߵ˵Щ˹ȥ̫ûȫ£ȷһǱ߿쳣
ǣ
껰Ψ˾ߣûеתΨ˵Ҳͬȥ
㣿У֪Ǳʲôȥʵ̫ΣˣϣΨ̾˵ǳ£ô󽫾
Ļȴޱȼᶨҡͷ˵ҪҲȥûа취׽档
Ϊ󽫾ϲ£Ψ֪󽫾Ҫһϸ񣬶Ĵ󽫾һֱʿ䡭
ԥ˼ϢΨڼѵصͷˣȥɣǧҪעⰲȫƽ
ǣޱ֣صΨһ񣬽űһԥûеģŷŵһ¥ȥ
غصĳŻ򿪣ѩݣӳڱ
ѩ׵սᵽɳϢ̲ס˻һû˻ɳУ뱳ĳ¥һʧ¥˵
ɰջ۾ͼóĽë赲סɳҲֻ۶ѣУûаη塣
ıӰΨ̲סˣṫӳˡ
󽫾ڲǰ˵ԼһֱǸӡӪЩ糤ĽҲĸЩѣδܷһ档
ڣɳ֮ӣΪΨοź
糤ˣϱĶ±汲ࡣ
ʱɳȥ绹֪ԼһˣֻǼ򵥵Ĺ۲ǰ쳣
δһʱ䷢飬ᱻԶڴ׵ʷϡ


38 ֮ս
ķɳܴ ǵĶֻĺХҪſڵĻҲֻܳһɳӡ
һһȥģƥ뿪ź ͺֻʣһˡ
ķ̫ սҲܵ˾šЩԸǰ һЩתͷŶȥһת۵ʱ䣬߾ûˡ
ѩݣ żһ㡣״һ ѩݵĲҲܹĻһ ٶȷŻ
һ˴ľأģ翴ĵط Щʿ ǵ
ǻδ֪
ֻ磬ֳһֳѰ򾲡Ͼڤĳͣ û约µĵط
ѩݷٶȣڼᶨŻɳȥ
ϵ磬Ҳûһɾӡʼעǰ۲Ƿ쳣
ͣѩݣ
Ҳ֪˶ãһס
һһ˻ɳУ ϲܵѩݣ һޱϵͣ ʱŬǰȥ
ղź񿴵һغɫӰ
ɫɳʵ̫磬Ҳûа취֤Լǲǿۡ
ͣټϢֱӴԾԥһ£ǰȥ
ĶѩҲǰߣջѡԹԭء
ղߵĴæûн̫࣬ʵϽ⼸˳ȥ̽飬Ǿ쳣Ҳ̫ء
ɳ˳ʱأ
ϾѾǩ˺ƽЭԼ
ǸղǸɫӰȴ籾ܵؾòԾ
Ǵ׻ԽΪɳӵɫǲᱻ⴩ϵġ
ڽɫģǺɫˡ
ɫɳĮıɫ̫õʱԼƻǼ̡
ƾľ飬ɳĮеˣ಻ᴩɫ·
һ󲿶߶˷ɳ˺ҵλáһԶ·ΪɳҲôɡ
ǡ֮ͽ
ɳѾܹڸһϢ绹סǰ
ȻǵӰȷǸˣ
ĸߴϴһž޴ľʹ
óʹûмĹ
ԶԶһĻȥ֪ɳ˶ʹġ
罫Ｏ⣬ѩڵλñȥٶȷصķȥ
ͬʱ绹ϸѰŸղЩһˣȥ˺δ
ҪǱղŵ˷֣»鷳
ãڿܣҲȷǰ£һ㶼ԭشת
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ڳŹرյһ̣ɳ˿кȻ˴𰸡
֪Ǹ˴ʲôˣ
ǰѹ֮֮ΪǴѵģ
ܶǰڷмˣִСѵĵļϸ룬˼ĴСһ⣬ʣµĵطûв𡭡
һɳĮСǣˮ٣췿ݸ࿼ǵͨ͸ȡ˳ڵĴ󲿷ͨ˼ңúĻǽѲΪǡ
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˵Ψãʲôã㡣
Ǵ˻Ҳûʲôô
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һߣһ޴ķ졣
ⶫһ㲼Ӷ󣬴ǰǿġ
ƣ˵
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ǣ
Χʿ¥°
š罫ǿ鲼ϣһ㽫ǿ鲼¥ȥ
һ½֪ҪʲôǷʵ̫ˣȻȺ˶ȥģȴڿƯƣûа취׼˵ڲ÷ɵȺͷʱ׼
ܡ
Ϣ񣬳ǿ鲼׼
һ̣ХĿ磬Χսȴˡ
·ϣֻʣһˣвԶǿɫĲ졣
ȷС޷˵Զˣȴܽһ鲼䡣
ǿ鲼Ⱥʱ̣۾˹
һƿ֮ڿմ˾ƵĻҲȻ׹ȥͬʱٴһڶ׼ŽҪ׹ȺĻҲ
һŻĿĵǶǸͰ
ԶˣԻӵסһȴסѾȼĴ鲼ϡ
ҪЩͣڽʪǰ
ҪƵԶȺ˻𹥵ļƻ


39 ȫʤ
Ķ ˡ
սط˲Ϣ䣬ˣûоʿ
ǵȻ֪ ʱ򷢴ζʲôȻĻ֮ ˾Ȼһû˼ľ
̣ ׳
һϢ ֻͬվϱߵΨӦ˹
ͼڽ˾ѡ
ã֮еʿǣȻûзӦѾӽָӣһ߲ͣĸݼ
Ȼиķ챻
Ҳɲ֮䣬ɫĲϾӥһȥ
һ仰Ҳû˵ ۾ĶǰֵµĶһ̶ûֹͣ
һһŻǵԶȥһȥ
һս شȫʤ
֪ЩǰͻϮصģ ʮĹ֮һ˳ˡ
ԭĮǱ󺵣 Ȼǩ˺ƽЭԼˮݶӵǣ ڻͲס֣˺ЭԼ
˳Ѿ˺ܾã Ҫ͵Ϯء
ս֮ ˳ֱӱѹڣͬһʱ䣬 廹Ǵ
˵Ȼʮң ǺʹײһЩһˣ ЩǰкǿЭͬԣЩһپһġ
̶̼֮ʱ䣬ս
һʼʱԭΪ¥ϵ飬ֻһɺϡǺ淢£ȴǲˡ
ھ·չʾ˾˵츳
µǣΪСɽò仯ǳϤڼսʤ֮ȻĮȥ
һΪԿ˵ǰ޹ˡ֮ǰʷ֮УԭȵʿǾԲ߶ȥġ
ǿɳĮΣյĵطǲ֪ǰʲôսֻͣڹǺس׶Ρ
һȴͬʢ׷Ѷúм֮绹ڼ֮һСǡ
˴û˵顣

սܿʹ˷ǡ
˵һʱ䣬ǱƽڲȴһЩ顣
Ȼ뿪û̫ʱ䣬Ѿڵʱһˡ
˵СңѾ˻ػʹʱ򣬿ǲ֪ʵˣ˴۰Ļʵۣʼû˽ӻңɴڻ
֮⣬˹עľǣԭĻʵۺȻ䲡
ĲʵҲżȻ
ʵڵͲ˵ֵʢꡣǾеͳһųϣԼĻԻ͡ڿʼѰʵʱá
һʱ䣬ʵʿĵ·
Ȼض˵ûóһı˵ľҲһЩήҡ

һλؼ׵ʿ糯Ҫʱ򣬳˻ʹ̻Ի͵֮С
ֻһֱڻʵߵֹ˵ˡ
ɲǼ䣬е˶ſڴȥ
ͬһʱ䣬ϵļϵıҲһ䡣
վڵŽ䴦ˣĬĬؽ߬һ𣬿סĶĽȫȫ
ôˣ
ΪӵݰʱûȥءҲͬǣʵȻɲôϲһʱȥݰ֮ϣѾӵ˵λá
ء
Ѿ֪Լж೤ʱûˡ
ֳڶԵʱӰݰԺ֮С
һ糯ʱˡ
δҲ֪ôˡַʲôŻʿôż
ݰûʶǶ̶һ˲䣬ˡء֣ȴѾޱȽš
˵غһҲ١
ݰע⵽Զ̫ӣҲ촽
ʵûе飬Ȳʣôˣ
һ̣ǸѾڵϵʿóһĳɫս顣յսϸļ¼Ȼͨʿÿһ˵Ķߡ
ʱϰ䣬ֻһ˵ڲϵػص
һѪȵս֡˵ĶϡֻǼ̵ļأǾȻѾķɳδѪҺ
ȫʤ
ݡ
ʤ
ʤ׷
һһʿ˳ΧҲ𽥼֪ʲôʱԭϵĻʵۣȻվ
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⼸䣬ԭֻȡùʤӮˣǶҲֻǩƽЭ飬Ǳƶ
ڻʵۿȷʵǷǳǳı
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ĳ֣ǰһ
ӮˣҴȫʤ
Ҫķȥռһǳأ˶û롣
ͣʱ˿̻ʵֻһֿ˵̫һ˵֮Ʋסؿ
ʵûпվݰȻһ䡣
Ȼϵ˶Ѿ֪˻ʵ۵壬ΪõҩһЩ⣬ǲȰĻʵۣÿÿϳʱ򣬶ѹԼԵġ
ֱʱڱﲻסˡ
Ȼûһ˵ǿ֪֮󣬾вٴ̡
ڳϣʵ۸ʹͣҪɴרͶȥ
˵شȫʤ֮󣬶ǳҶġ˵ҪȥǸط˻ǲôԸ⡣
Ͼڴ֮ǰԭӮĴʵ̫١ǲǲ磬ֻ̫
ֻһ˽һ¡
ݰ
ʵ˵ղŵĻڳϷԵݰȻǰһʵ˵£Ը
ȿȿȡʵ۵䵽ݰϣѵõ¶οı飬ãȻԸǱȥ
ʵ֮ǰǾݰһѪˣһʱ䣬ݰԽԽˡˣĽ䱸֮Ҳ
Ҳǣʵ۶ݰ񣬴඼ΪʮȥüѾʱ嵭飬ȴεؼš
ģͱݰﵱӵǶξ
ʵ۵Ȼ֪طûмȥǵطʵ̫ΣˡݰȥأֻΪˡ
˵ղǾ仰󣬻ʵЩƣ̫Ѩ
ˣ˳ɳƵϻصڴϣ˳ȥ

粢֪Ƿʲôһʱ䣬ʮʱϸĽ䱸֮СսϵĵλԽԽߣΨѾеĴȨָһЩ
ǰսϵʱ粢ûʱȥ˼顣
һգ˱ˣѵðʱȻһ⡣
ߺոʮĹͬ꣬ݰƵۡ
仰Ѿ֮ǰעĶǺ䡣
ֱڣ׺ʱź֪롪ǸҪոĹߺ˭
֪һ˴ڰ


40 ñط
Ѿһǰһȥ죬 ҳǵˡ
˽磬ѰԼļҲй˵һϢ
²⣬ ߡдĹߺ Ӧòǹп⼸սȡսĽʿ
˭أ
˼Ȼܾô𰸺ǰ
Ψܶ齻紦 뵽һСС˹ ˵¡
æµȵսһοʼʱѾ飬ӵ˾⡣
ںʱ սɲϡ
˵Сʱɵ鼮 Ǹֱ͵ͼͼסǰʲô վսϵʱ֪ ԼѧĶжôá
Ǳߵĺַǳأ Ȼˣսɲֹͣʱǰģ ƺֻ·ҪȻصɺҪȻ׶Կս
£ ô˵ҪΪԼȡһ
ԽԽ
һգ ӭ˹һսۡ
ײ ʱȵ˵Ķ鿪ʼ۷ Įȥʱ һʱ侹ȻѾȫս϶ȹˡ
ЩǱıӰ սϵ磬 Ȼһ
ڴ֮ǰȻʤ׷ѾһСǣԸϲûмĮ˼
ڿЩԶȥıӰһޱȴ󵨵뷨
Ҫ׷Щˣһֱ͢ȥ
⼸籾ķӦ
˼תʿ˵һߣ׷Ǽбܽ
פر߹صʿһޱѪ
仰֮Ǳ绹Ҫ
ɲǼ䣬ĻĮһƬšº͵ԭٱǣȻĴ£Įȥ
գ¶ȣʱֻƾ豾ѡ
ûʧ֮ʱ˿ĿֻһӮ
ûа취ӵᡣ
һʮĹıٹ
ղǳսʱʱҲڲ֪еϡ
Ҳʱ򣬿ӣͻȻ顪֪Ҫȥˣ
ڹʱס׵ģֻǿ׳ı
ҪǲǱߵɽòȻߵóһֱûͣǴֻӵһַǳԵͼ
һƬ̵ɳĮЩɳ𵽵ɳǶ겻ɳɽ
˺ЩϤΡòȣһɳĮأʿܿȫûлĻᡣ
Ȼ̧ͷǿյһ̣ˡȻóҲܷǵĻƼԶԶûа취ԭȡ
˵Ƕ󣬺͸е֪ͺǳ
Ȼײһ
ŷˮѧҲ֮һʵ۳Գ֮ܿóһȻڱ߹أϾҲǹ壬Ȼѧݡ
ǷѰϣȻǺģҪǷһطǾͲһˡ
ѡҹҪƾǿյѰҷ򣬶һϣɳĮҲж
һξղֱӴٹĻ͢ȥŶ̶ձʮĹ֮һٹ
Ϣٶʹȥ
ͬһʱ䣬ݰҲض
ڴ׹Щӻܶһӿܶ뿪ǡ
ӵݰȥȻػ򣬶˵ңԶòңԶĴ
ʱʲôĮʲôӵʱݰҲйչͼ
ڴ֮ǰûԼгһĻ
̫ˣӷǵأһҪܣҪ·򣬻ܵ󼸸¡
Ҫݰ߸ӾˣǻԱʹ߸ٶȣضȥ
·࣬ĿĵصٽݰĽ飬ȴûһͻ˼
뿪ǣɹӣɽ֪֡䣬ǰľɫѾȫһˡ
ȻҲһƬҰǧĸ󣬿ƽԭȴһܿ쾡ͷĲԭɳĮһ
ݰ￴ԶһƬɫĺҲûмĺǺӵһ𣬾©һ
ǺϲԶǸƵѩɽ
ݰǰܹķ羰
統ʱԸһڿľɫ֮ݰȻãϲ磬ϲһǳõ顭
УΧֲԽԽ͡
ڿһƬɳһ̣ݰ֪ԼҪˡ
һ·ݰҲسȥʹ
ݰ֪ڲһû˳ɹ׳١
֪ǳһһ·żǰϣǵ֮ݰﾹȻӷŻ

պݰﵽسǽ
ֻͣСգڵĳǳضȥ
˶֪սһǳΣյ飬˵һӡǳĻ»д鷳ȻʱݰѾûܹסˡ
ݰʱһ
һս۸ոսãݰԶԶر㿴һˣڻɳѳɵɽ֮ϡ
ıĺգһ̫ݰ֮ǰκһĶҪ
ǹ⣬ͳݰֻܿһȦӰ
ʱ粻ˣǴˮīġ
ݰȻҺΨ־ǰˡ
ʱȴһ֪ﴫ˹ˡ
ǼӰݰʶڵ١
˼Ȼصĵһ졣
ɲ֮佫Į
Цһ£紵䣬ͷĶдɫ̫³ѾȾһƬŨϡ
ݰ֪ԭӡ
ˣսϵĹĺһ
ʱв֪ʿ֮
ѩߣƽɳçç졭[1]
ɳƣǱɰĥһ
ԣɫɳȥ
ݰֻһˡ


41 
һ̣ ݰסһ
ȥ硣
Զʿӭ裬µĶһûͣƶ ۼžҪɳһͷˡ
磬ŨŨĽɫġ
һ粻֪ﴵ˹ĳ߸ߵ
ʱķ˿ˣ ݰĸˡ
յٶôĿ죬 ڲ֮ǰ ˻ѵҲ̶̼Ϣʱ䣬 ̫£ΧºȻʼ͡
˹ ݰҲϵЩɲȥ Ҿ硣
ݰ磬ֱԶ̫׵׵ʧǰ ΧһйںڰУ ֻʣһӳϼЩ
һˣ ڽе÷ ʱ򣬶ߵķȻҲ
ղȻûд̣ɴһף ºȻ֮׸ļ졣ϰʵʵ ʱҲЩ䡣
˻֮þ ̲סᵹһ
˵ ͵͵ء
سǵĽ ıҲǳĺáͳ˧ľӹģԽԽ
Ӽ٣ǧȫ
һʼʱ򣬸ߵˣ඼ķС˵ѾʶʿҺദǳȻҲûؽ쿴
ڣֵӣʿǶ˽Ҳˡ󽫾֮ӣñĽǡ
˵ͬˣܶʿͱ绹Ҫ󣬵ǶģǾη֮ĺͳ֮⡣
粢ӦָоڵȴҲ֪Լеסݺ֮ѹ
̫ɽˣȻҲ䡣ֻû˵ʱֳǰԶǸη壬ܵС
ϵ׿ײأȻȵɫ֮ⶫٶȴһ㲻ؼ
䰡һ
ҪɳȻһ̧ͷȻǰһϤӰ
ǡݰ
ܰɣ
һ£ЩԼǲǿˡ
̫Ѿȫɽֻʣһ˵ǰҲֻһģģӰѣͨ˿ˣǰǸطû˶ȷ
Ȼǰһʱ˸˵ٹһӷҪˣû˻ݰ
ϾδĻʵۡ
֮ǰǧʷûһʵۣδĻʵ۵
طڴԭУ䡣
ףطȻϲûĶ˵ȴһç
ȴãݰﲻϾԼ֮ǰݰ˵ʱ궼ֵķǳȤ
˵ݰûȤڱڴ̣סû뿪ˣѾټԭȥ
˵ܵԼڵλˡ
뵽ĽŲȻͣ
ȻʱͻȻԶǸӰǰ
ɳĮߣһǳѵ飬˸ɳʮֵỹķ֡еʱɳ䣬˲ûа취ǰߣỺȥ
翴ԶǸ˼һգۼͳԼߡ
û˵ʲô˱Ȼ籧˻
ԺеǸӰȻ
ݰ֮ĬĬ˵
ֵ㣬ƺֻݰϲС
һ绹䣬û뵽һ̾ůĻ
ȻԼ뿪һѾóʱûм棬ڱԷӵסһ̣ʱͻȻʧˡҲɲ֮䣬ͷ
ôսպգ˼Ҳֻһʮѡ
ϴӲֳʵȴܵޱȳصѹ
ݰһ̣жԼϵĿס
ӵͬʱڸܵӵůͬʱʶطûݰƺֳࣿ
ӡеǸݵ֪꣬ʲôʱѾ˴ͷݰĻůҷǳ
ͻȻԼȻһЩĸо
Ͻ뷨Ժм˳ȥЦһ£Ҫſݰ˵ôˣ
㡣ݰĴ𰸷ǳֱӣǳ򵥡
ܵҪԼĻڻؽ˿
ݰûдף֪ж䣬ֻ֪񣬱֮ǰһˡ
ЩĹøҫۣͬʱ˵ʣȡ
սһ꣬ǳ˴̵Ļ֦ȥޡ
ݰɫȻ
粢ûע⵽һ㣬ʱѾݰﲢǰȥˡ
֮ǰ˸ҷҪû뵽㡣Ц˵
㣬ᡣݰ˵
ڼǰݰ˵⻰һܿġͣһ£ȻתޱĿ⿴ݰ
֪Σհɡ
ˡ¡Ѿܾûʹùĳƺ
仰ݰ򻺻صһͷ
Цһ£Ȼ˵Ҳãµȷκ˶Ӧ֪սʲôӵġ
ϾδĻʵۡ
ţݰﲢûĻ
ҡͷ˵ʱɫѾװݰǺʱģʲôŵʱɫȻһ䡣
ȿȿȡɲǼ䣬ɫ԰ֽ
ô£
ݰ̽˻ﰡΧЩŵʿҲһֵؾ
һ£æоսϾȥµ֪ʶһ⡪Լӣ
ᶨڶ飬˶֪ȻϢûдǰζʱ綼һ˿ȥġ
綾ʱ򣬻ȥڤ磬ĳһʴʹζʱֻҪˣûʲô⣬಻ʧϴѡﲻ˾֣
챾Ҳ㡣
Ȼû뵽֪ᶾ˾Ȼˣ
Ȼѣιȥһ̣ݰޱȾ顣
Լǲŵˣ


42 ȥչ
һʱ䣬 ʵ̫æҪǵýʲôӵĻһỨʱȥʲôá
Ȼľѳۣ ֱεݰĻ
ܹѾǵ˽ˣ ʶںڰ һٴһ̣ ˾Լŵݰ⣬ лһҡ
ݰ ҽסԼ ȻҪǱʿ֣ ǿɾˡ
ţ ݰһԼ¡
ֻӺòװɽˮ ԼҪһ鷳Щ˼
Ȼ֪ ݰܰԼһЩ鷳 Ǵʱûȫ
սûн Щңʱпܴ
ݰδȻһͳ£ûɳĮսľ顣ҪĻ߹ظôźá
˵ѾܾûȥڤˡԴһε鷢֮һֱھϣ ȥģ ȻҲǾ졣
Ȼᣬ ؾǵȴһʮԵˣ սϵ ûоŹ
ڣ һ뵽߹صûɵĻ
ϣ֪ͣﴫ֣粻ûƽꡣҪ뿪
ܾãԼÿζǱߣһ£ȴһҲˡ
Զߵһ߶㡣
֪ԼļУĶǶԷƬΣǴʱޱȽ̲סŷ
𣡡
Զڶ˲ûһ㷴Ӧ
״粻һЩ٣֪ԼҪһֱĻҲǸ취ǻٳһء
ĽҲǺǰһȵ뿪ˡ
Ȼվһ绹һγſڣԶ˴𡪡
ϣʱƺһõĸȥŲæģȴ
Ҳ֪ٴΣΧľȻ˱仯
һ紵ﷺһŸղһоȻʧ翴ղŻιȻԼǰ
һƬڰУϵߣԵֲ
˵Ѿս˲ֹһ⣬ڿǸߵʱ̣һ
̲סƿһ£һ̣ʼµתվԶ˵ˣҡ
û뵽Ļû˵꣬ʹ
˽硣
û뵽ĻԼ˵
һʱ䣬ˣ𿪿֮ȴһַǳĪĸоЩ˵
ڲǾµʱ
ҲҪһԼܺ˵ĻһʶԷΪʲôÿԼʱ򶼻ᵽڤȥʵ̫ɻˡ
ڣֻ֪Լôܻȥ
ĻϽͷ
ţԳĬһᡣΪϤûз˶ľη
һֱ˵ҲЩͷ
ˡ̲סѣˣ˽ȥ
һߣ粻֪ʱ𵽵ʲô飬ֻɫȻ÷ǳӡһֻ̣ع˹ž޲ģһ֣͸ղˮ̶߶ȫͬ
жˣᣬһûУҪǻȥɲɡ
뿪
̬ȷǳ۾˵ˣұȥ
صĽ죬ʱôܹ뿪
ԣû˵ֻֿһ̧ۣ֡
ɫķͻȻǰһǰĺڰ㱻һƬɫȡɫ̫Ũ̵۾
۾ʱ򣬿ıǡ񶥣
о⣬ǽ죬Ҳûʲôöյƣͨ˼õģʱһϸڶš
ܺãһ̣ǰһУȴģģ
һ£ŷӦԼѾص˽硣
ʹӳټϢʱϮ
˻̲סһ͵һ߬°ڡ
û뵽һ˵㻰ģԼ˻һκʱ̶ҪѡҲζšܵʹҲԡ
ɲǼ䣬Ȧ㷺˱졣
ֻһ룬ǰһϤӰ
ݰ꽫ѹؿڴֻֻս磬ڸоΣ
ûȿȣû¡Ҫ˵ʲôݰﵣģû뵽Լһ죬Ȼֻܷһ
һ̣ݴ˰
ͬʱʹʱ̣һľĸооģȥݰı顣
ޱȵݰѻɫУֻһ˵Ӱ
飬ǰδеĽ
ĬƬ̣ݰȻ˵磬ȥΪҴ򡣡ϾҪ
ͬһ̣ڿԭԼ齱ķһѶõĲҩˮ˲Ƭ
Щݰ׼
ΪøѣǿʹͬʱȻ׹صʱԼܾ̫󣬲ûд̫ҽ󣬸һֱжšݰ˽һ㣬Լ֪¡
ݰ׵ӣԭȻ׼˶չԼԼȹһģ
֪ݰͱĻӲһǽġô˵ݰﶼһӣҰաߡ˵ģһ׳Ļӡ
ڣݰﾹȻҪչԼ
Ҫǣݰ￴Լ״̬ʵڲúҪȥҴ
ʵͷ֣ݰ̫ӻңǸΪԡ
֪ܲڽԼ֮ڻᷢʲôݰﻹôˡ
һ˲䣬ԭѾ۵òܶ磬ͻȻסݰ֡
ȥ
ѾݰȻ翴ݰ˫ĺ˾ｻ֯Ŀ⡣
ݰСؽָ°ϣ̧ĶСġ
ȿȿȿȡ֮Ŀ˲䱻ģ
Ϊʹ׹ź֪ķ֡ݰָϣմŰɫѪ
ƺԼѪ
ͬһ̣ǰ˲԰׵ģݰ˲


43 ʷ
ݰָɲǼһƬȣ 㿴һĨĿʺ죬԰׵͸ɫݰͷһؾãѪô̡
ƺ£Լϵ
һʱ䣬 ݰﾹȻ֪ԼӦýѪ ϡ
ݰ˼ʱ䲢ֻ࣬һ̣ иѪĿӿ˳ȫѪ Ҫôˡ
ݰ£ԼϵıӦ÷ǳ֣ ̶һ˲䣬ͱһƬʺ졣ݰȥܵҪǱߵѪ һһεĳԣ ѪȴôҲֹס
գۼ䣬 ½ݰӣѾʺһƬ
ǰݰֻ⣬ ڵ ȻѪζԭҲôĴ̱ǡ
ζ ޱȿֻš
ȿȿȡ£ʱ磬 ѾһˣֻǶѣ ûʲô˵ġɤ˵
ô˵ģ ôġ
˵ ֻζ֮һѡȻһûڤ磬 Ƕ±Ѿûʲôˡ
粻֪Լ˾ռߵ飬ݰ￴ǶôĴۡ
ԭѾϰʹ
ݰﲻ֪Լ˿ʲôı飬ֻһͷѪôȥˡ
ݰסȻҪƵĽԼݰСʱȻֻһӣȥʱ򣬻ʵۻԵ˼𱣻
Ȼ˵¾ʦݰѧ෴ǣСΣ벻еǼѧ䡣
ײĻʳֻʫģܵӲûô㡣ϰʱˣʹЩϰ佫º֡
ޣһúϰӡ
ݰﲻһգǴһǿһ
Щѧģûһ㻨ȭȣн
ǰݰһֱڲ׾
ڣȫ˲Щˡ
ݰｫϵˣطԼĻУȻҪƵݰѾΪ罫ϵļжʵڽֱݰź֪ķ֣ԭ壬Ѿ˵ĵ
ڷǵʱݶˣϻ˲˺ۣݰŵֻϣмոսĴĿĵѪ
屾ͼÿһƷ㾫¡
˰̳ʱ˿ֲ⣬˵ĹС
뵽ݰȻ۾
˺һŽϡ
ʱüëһ촽һѪɫҲûС
Ȼղ룬飬ԼѾǳƽˣʵᵽʹ࣬Ҳǵһζѡ
˵ղǾ仰һҲˣ촽һݰĻ
һҪǿˡͳ˧һ⽫ʹֳˡѡ԰ͳĬֵʹࡣ
ݰֻд΢΢ĽëУܸܵš
˵ڱǲӦôģǿ֮ݰȻ˵˵ӡ֤Լĵȷһŵˡ
磬Ϊʲôס֮󣬻ҪߣݰѾ֪ԼʲôˣֻǱܵ˵˵
һҲ˵ĸӿòˡ
ʵ֮ǰûϸ⣬ݰ绹ҧƾԼıܻشǧû˸ֻǵһѡֻ򳹵̫ƽزſԺԭгһ
ݰ磬ĳ̶ֳϼֱȫͬˡ
˵ݰ޷⣬Ϊʲô˿ǳءϾСδҵһĵط
еʱԽûа취磬ԽױԷԼûеģ˵ԼȻ෴Ķջ
ںڰˣҲ뿴⵽ʲôġ
Ϊ˼ʵ̫˰ɣݰܾû˵ģģ˵˵Ϊ佫Ҫһ
һݰȻǻҵĳԱʵҲһ޷Ĵʡ
šݰĸо˺ܶ࣬ʼǿԼ˵ɢעȥע**ϵʹ
ݰЩɻķʣʶ͵ΪڣδĻʵغýɽ
仰ֻڶ󽫾;뽫ʿ˵ƵĻСʱݰﲢû⻰ڵԼΪפر߹صĽȴһ뵽˵길׵Ļ
û뵽Լһ˵ĻȴݰȻ󲨡
δĻʵۣ
ݰȻһҰĵˡ
Ұģ»ֻһĵ׵뷨ѡ
Ļ֮ݰԺ֮Уһ±һ֡
ޡ
̫ޡ
Ϊؽɽ
ݰﱾҪԼ뷨ת뵽ڲ֮ǰȷոΪ޵һε
ȷҳڻҵģΪˡ
䡣
ʱʹԿ̶֪̼Ϣʱ䣬ݰоȻ˶ͷ
紽ǱߵѪֹסˡʱݰѾǱ
˶ǴѪ̳һͷһ⣬ݰǳ˸ɾ
˵ƺһЩ粻ղˡ֪ûйϵãһζٶȺҲ졣
Ժ伴˯ȥʱݰ˵磬ҲҪأ
ݰһνԼҰ˵
ҪǾǵĻɻдȴؽ仰磬һ㺦µĸоҲûС
±͸ġ
뵽
Ȼûü仰˵˹ȥ
ݰȻûеõ𰸣ʱѾ˾
Ľɫ԰׵ŵ˴ϣΪǺñӡ
ų˯ȥ磬ݰظһǡ
ݰıܸΪⳡ֮սʷᡣ
ҲҪԼ֣ʷͬһ¡
θĳ׺ɣﶼӦһ


44 ߺ
ݰһˣ µǣһӵɽ߳Ĵˡ
뿪ǵļʱݰѾǴǰ¹ǸԵҪڵ ԼҰġ
ݰأ ֻǴʵۡաһսʿȻһʼѡ翪ʼһжˡ
ʹСڱ߹ؾӪг 飬б󽫾̵ְֽ粻ͬ ݰ鿴Ȼ࣬ ȷ̸ֻֽ
һ ûм뿪
һʼݰͻѩΪɣʱû뵽һµʱ⡣
ݰÿ춢ҩ ʱʱ̴̿ߣ֮⣬ Ϊӵ ֱһս
ݰһսһ죬 Χ˿ؼ׵ ĪǾŵǵġֻû˵ʲô ֱӵشŴûϹսĻӣȥֱ̲ˡ
뷨ʵܼ򵥡ߡⱾ˵˵ ݰδһͳ£ Ȼ粻֪ ҪûԼĻ ݰںδ δʵ۶ѧһ㣬Ҳûʲô
ʵݰıֵȷƾޡ
Ȼǵһսη壬Ĵͷˡ
¹ݰڻص˷ǡ
ͬû뵽ǣһݰطǺûд೤ʱ䣬Ȼˡֻʱݰݷ˱仯ʱǴѲӱ߾ʵһλʵȨԱ
֮ǰݰﻹǲܳӣھͳڶȨһ
Ұ¾ޱ𾪡
ֻ粻֪ͬݰδʵ۵һοݰʱһֹȻ˵ĸо
ʱһսһյսйȥ˲ŵĿע£羹ȻһƬһƬش
ʱ£¥
£ϡ
³յ顣
إգֱͥ

һ·ʵ̫˳˿ɵ˳һԭӦñʷ鵥гɲʤֽ϶ֻʣʡ
һʮĹѾ˴롣ͬʱ򣬷˹⡣
һ˲ֻݰ
ǿ߹𽥰һǰδеĶ࣬һ˺ƺƵ²ŵڵλá
һ죬
ĴԾûнļȻڽڰˣЩûһ˼
ڣǿʼˡ
ǵʱ򣬱Ӫ룬Ѿһµ꽫ųǧʿص
һһµ⾡·սʿĿϣԶԶȥǴ󺣷ĲΡ
һ߹ص˺ܶ࣬ҿȥ¡ء
粻֪ʵǲʲô뷨ʱѾû˼ȥЩ顣
ݰȻѾܶˣһεԶԶؿ׳۵ɫеʱ˵𺳶Ǽٵġ
ûеĿĵأֱӷǣźɫĿڵλȥ
֮ǰݰʱ򣬶ֱģ۳Ͷ·ҲΪࡣ
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˻ʵۣگԻ
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ڵһ仰֮ĬĬ̧ͷǸʥּ˿ȥ
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Ǹ˵Ϊ²սʵ۾ķԻʶƵ
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ֻнûлʵۡ
οڻʵ泤Ѿ˱߹Щÿ춼Ϊ˽ɽѪʿ俴Ϊ뷨
ȻЩʿƽǲὫһֳģֻż²һ°ˡ
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ʵ۵ķͣڱǵһΡ
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ڽɫʥּӻеһ̣ԺбĳһͷûпܣԼݰҲٵģ


45 Ϊɱ
类˹ߺ ȴһҲġ
֣СߡǱϵݣԽԽԼǱһȻҪģ ڸߵʿǿǵĹߺƺĬ˲١
̣ ڼĶһǰƽ ڲ֪УѾ˴Įһߡ
ͥĵһ
׼ԶʮĹܵӰСĵط֮ʵûܵӰ죬вͶ ڶʱǿʵ
ս˳˳ˮ ѾΪս񡣵ٽҲ
ͬĩ׻ʵزԴ ̫Ӽ
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ȴͬˣ ӣûһڸеݰ ֪ʱճ
̫Ӽ֮ʱ гһ ʼ޵
һʱ䣬 Ҳƽ
Щ飬 綼ô
һѩҹ Ŵױ߹սʿ ֮ͥ⡣
Сس󣬿ȻҲûмôѩϵɫк̹ǣָؽڱͨͨ죬սϵĿͥķ
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а
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ڲһ˵ĺʱ򣬸ο
̫ҽĬһ£ֻתҡҡͷ˵࿴ȥЩӣҪúõһӡ
֪ʲôǿԥԥɫѾ״Ǻܺá
áһж̫ҽġ˵
ϣŮ˿һ磬ȥһĶͷ˵ͺúϢɣò״һ̣ȻҪЩ޹صͲҪˡ
ãסӦڵѾǴǰһûʲô뷨ˡ
ߡйԼǾ仰ѾӦˣдͬһݰｫһͳ£Ϊ׵ĻʵۣһǲҲӦأ
ҪѾףߡûдĻǱˡ
ô˵Էſһģ̫ҽٽ˼£˳ȥ
統Ȼʹ˰ݣȵȥ֮ͽһߵй˵ȥһڷôˣޱƽ˵Ļ֮󣬲ԱǸʰ̫ҽһ
Ѿʶ糯ϦദܳʱˣǶΪȽ˽硣ӡУȻọ́ѾǳسʵڻȨĹж淢ȴûжȤġ
͢ڹĵ飬˵ƺҪ
ǸʱҲûж롣
Ͼ̫ӻݰĹϵǳá˭˻ʵۣ綼Կ
¾Ϊʲôأ
Ǳʲô鶼ûз
ȻЩɻ󣬵Χ˻ǽ˵ĻӦͬһʱ䣬߹߷飬Ҳ˿͵˷ȥ
Ҫظƫϣ˿ǵʱĵһѩҲոƮȻ¡
ʱϳʱ
ݰӦһһ¡صİɫŻʹڵ鷿ȥ
սˣڷǣһϷĻ
ġ֨ѽһ鷿ű˿ԱߵĹŮ̫һȥ
ڵλصؿͷ
ͬһʱ䣬ڲɽ¯̵һߣڲϵˣҲǼѵ۾
ˡЦһ£û뵽ߵ˾Ȼ㡣˵ǲزסĳԾ

û뵽
Цһ£ȥͣ˲ɽ¯ϣȻЦûʵ۴û˵ǸʣһѾ˺ܾˡ
ڲϵ˲ͬݰһʲô⡣


47 
صĽ ǿҩζ
糿ŮŰõҩķ䡣ܴʱѾսպյĹߺˣ׼ʱŮһ Ĵ齱߼ලûкúúҩ

״̬Ͳã ټж ѩϼ˪ķ󡣶ÿ켸Ǻҩȱġ
 ʣµһ˵ɡһϽһ۽ ǰһĸ˵
ӣ ԭüչ ѵЦһ¡
Ѿܾûпˡ
ˣ˵ȻҲ
ǵУ ܵὫȻһѾٻ¶ˡ
ּۻۣ ԹԺ꣬ȥ۽ѵЦһļȻŮ˳ȥ
ʱŴ͸ ǳƣȥܰˡ
ĳûг೤ʱ䡣
ոճţ ϵ΢Ц㽩ֻһ̣ 㾪ĶǵĿҪȳһ
˶ŵˣŮæҵļ ЩʮĹţ Ҳ¶˿־顣
һΧм磬 һ߿һ߰˵ûϵҪġ
ô˵ţĴǱ߻ѪܿƵӿ˳ʶס죬ͬʱþȫѹΧ˵ȿȡ˵ûпɡ
ʵһӣѾöˣÿһΣҪĸ׳ȥ֮ſȳ
ԣΧ˲ɶһۣǼѵص˵ͷ
ֻнһˣĬĬȥſ첽뿪ڿԵûע⵽һ㡣
˺֮ǰǸ̫ҽһݰ͵ߵġ
רŵ˸ʱšǸ˳֮󣬱첽רȥŴȡһдõţݸǸŵˡ
ôˣ
ԣŵüû˵ֻذ˰֡
˲ٶԻǴȴѰϣö¡

ãǡ
ʹǽڣһµ鰸ǰۺõŷ⡣
һʼʱܱ侲ǹûж೤ʱ䣬˵ֱȻ
͵һվŽеŷ߬ס
ھζȻһ¡
硭ĬĬһ֡
ݰ޲ھ֮ǰһܵȥǴʱδɵȴ뿪
ϵֻȼУȴһ
徹ȻѾ
Ǹطûʲôô뵽ݰȻһ´
ԭ̫ҽȥתһ룬ݰûӦýӻطǡȻ·;һ㣬ܵ˵ȴǺõġ
ѾߵĻȻתһ䡣
ݰڳϣֱӽ
ûҲǶ̶̼ʱ䣬˭Ҳû뵽֮ǰӵݰֱӼܿáǰض̳дͳ֮˵̫ӣȻ
ڷ߻ӣԾꡣ
֮ݰﻺȻеĲյȴôҲûа취ƽ
ֻҪһԺͻָղеݡ
Ѫֹ
;ƿݡ
ݰֱûа취⼸һ쾹Ȼ档
ʮ꣬ǵʱôʻݰҲûмҵˣһŻ档
ȻһŻ棬Ȼ˷֮СĴ򣬼
뵽ݰĿŲֲ޷ͣЪ

֮ľԶһ̵Ϣݰ֮ǰһʱѾ˲֪ٴΡ
Ѿϰ˵ȴһȴż
ڶ죬ϵеķǳ˳ݰ˵Ҫߺ뵽ûһ˷ԡ
ʵʲô˷ˡ
Ҳڲ֮ǰϵ˲ŷ֣ԭڲ֪УݰѾһӵʱѧĲֻе٣οһǿĹңԼܱȵҰġ
̶̵һʱ䣬׳Ѿ˷츲صı仯
ΪһжҪƽʱݰȴ˴һľϲ
Լĵڶƻˡ
ݰЩʵǳΪ׵Ļʵۣǻصӵĵطȥ
Ȼݰطûжĸ飬˵Ǻޡ
Ҫܼ򵥡
ݰҪ뽨ҵⲢǳһҰģΪݰҪԼ֣繲ʷͬһ¡
˵ݰﵱѧ˲ٶֶΣӲЭˣû೤ʱ䣬¾Ѿû˸ΥݰˡֻڱԻĬĬ˵ԭǸӡ
ݰ֪Щ˵ʲôһۡ
Ҫǣݰﻹиû
˵һιļƻûнǾԼ
*
һôΣյ飬׵İ֪ϵĹԱ֪ȥصݰȻ֪ıκ˶
һ죬źɫսĻӴӻ¹Ŷûûʹߵİգ˶һĻ
ʱ峿ӻ¹սϵķ
һ̣ԶĿǳϼͷǷ
¹Ľֺ˾ģһҲ޷
ڷˣȻҲ֪˻ʹ淢顣Ȼڻ֪ĸӵʵ۶Щ˲Щ׹еĶԹԹ֪Ȩݰ
һ⣬öݰҪԳϢǰѾ̿˺ܾá
Ϊ˵ǣѾĴ㡣
Ȼڿݰһ̣ȴڻ㱼俴δǸʵٹػطǵľ
ͬһ죬˿ӱ߹ضȥݰﵽĿĵصͬʱҲϢ͵Ķߡ
Щʿղžһһս֮ǰȻҲݰﲢս֪λӲʲôݰ˵Ļ㱨֪ݰѾ֮˻Ǳһ
ϵЩһ
Ȼ˵ݰȥģһӮ
һ̣ߡǾ仰һθԺС
ߺոʮĹͬ꣬ݰƵۡ
ûע⵽Լ˵仰ʱȻһЩįεġ
ĻҲһȽϤǿȻǸñĴڣƽȴƽ׽ˣͨꡣ
һ̣ȴǺңԶһ㡣
ԲҪһɢһ


48 
ŴƵƵݱ Ҳ̤ȥǵ·
һֱҩԣʱʱãһλطǵʱ ȻѾ붬 ·ϲû̫ķѩ
ôͣͣĹ˴£һڴ»ص˷ǵĳǽ
ͬʱĴ ѾݰС
Ȼ֪ݰӮϢ 绹ǲԾֵ֪͸˵ˡ
һ·ϣ ʱ䣬 ˯жȹġ
ȳǳǽʱ ǿֱӣ ˾񡣿ӣ ߵҲ
Ҷ֪ Ҫ ӦøһӰʵĻѵÿôо ߵ˻һ
ǿȥ죬 ʵȴע Ҫô˯ȥ
һΪڷẒ́ һ߶Ըǰ˵û뵽¾Ȼô˵ȥ֮ûܽš
Ϊһֱأ Һݰ֮ǰʶɡݰʱ ﲢûзУ жĹη壬ޱȵɣ̸ͨѵϢһ
ҵĻһ£ֻȻ˵˵ʱʵһֱ˳ᢡвߡ
ߣ
ԭ⿴ȥ磬Ȼת˹
˵˶֪ݰｫҪ̳дͳڱлȻ򲻿ɵġ
ƺӦֹһ¡·ơ
ʵ˵ĻҲܸȤ籾Ҫϸһ£ߴǾ仰Ǵģһ룬ȴ־ûʲôҪ
ϢѾǰ׶֪ˡ˵ʮа˾žġ
һʼľȺͻɹ󣬱Ȼ
ݰ۹ǳԶȻܹЩ飬ôһ׼϶һģʲôꡭµΪԱ綼ʲôҲ
˵ȻǵǿĹңʵڲѾʼġһҰߣңһ򵥵顭
뵽ȻԼ뷨һ
ݰʱ̫ڰˣͻ᲻ֶΡֻҪһ飬е츳ѡѹҪǼ¡
ڸոգߵ˻졣ǿڵı飬˵ͻȻ
Ƿ֣ĳ࣬˵ʱĿԶġ
ڶǣ粻ǴǰǸǵҹˡ
˷ǱϣнٶҲ
ΪöþܿǳǽʱȻǰһɧ
ǰôˣʵ˵Щ̲ס
ڵ״̬ôĲһ˵;ԼɤСëڲòһָ
״Χ˸æΧ˹ˮݵС
ĻҲתȥ淢ʲô
ѾϰʱʱҪһ¡ҪˮѹһѹȻû뵽¶ǣɤĸоǵûʧԡ
оԼĿУһϤζ
Ѫ
ţôˣ
ûе˵ʲôҾ̸
ʱ·û䣬绹ǴһɫĺáΪòñʱҪݡ
һ綼ܴƵġ
ŵӣæ˵ûʲô󰭡ĩ˻һ䣬ˣǧҪͬ˵
ǣϴӦѾżò񻰣ûнĻС
ֱÿӣȥˮ
磬ȻѾϰ˶ҪѪôټжʹԪ𣬻ǰһһķΡͬʱʼΧһ⡣
籾ܵؿ˴ϣΪѪζɢҷҲĴһ
һƵѩӴƮ˽Ľëϡôؿ΢ųüŬ
ʱûղһɧҡ
紽ߵѪȻѾǴɫĺӣһ죬ڲ԰ɫõӳԵͻ
ʱѾݰĿ֮£ڼ֮ǰĶнȥ
ɧЩġ
һ߶ˮһʣ﷢ʲôˣôô
ҡҡͷҲЩɻ˵ҪǰӣȺסˡ
Ŷûж룬ֱˮתص
ڸղűɳȥǸ֮һ
ԶŵǸˣȻ߻ң
⡭ң֮ҲԥҲʱǸһ¡ڷǵĳǽǻڵء
˵ң˵ĹϵǳãңѾֱӶ·ϣԼǲӦȥ֪ͨһ磬Էھأ
ǿǸңǰȥ¾
ʱ򣬵ңǰǰȭ˵Ǹ¡֮ǰҪꡣ
ԣңޱĿһۣȻ˵Ҳǻ귶ΧڣôҲҪң
Ȼҡ
ɳȥǸöԷЩ壬Ȼû뵽ǣصĻں档
Цһ˵»˵ȥṫӡߵ³ṫһ᲻˵ġ
ңüû˵
սңѾϰʧȥɣû뵽Լһ涼
ڼʱ򣬳ǰߡ
Ҳʱң͸ŵĴ硪۾ڴߣޱȴ
ϣƺֻдһɫ
ңǰʹʲôоһ̣ȻԼʲô
Ѳ϶ı棬Ͽȥƽֻһãֱ
ղһۣͻȻңı档ľǺˮϵıͻȻѿűʹϢ
硭ңޱȼɬؼ֡
ܵҪڽס磬û뵽ȴһҲ
߶
ңȫ֪ԼӦ硣
Ѿߵңȴǲȥ硣
⡣
ȻңΪ
ѩûֹͣļѪζƮɢңıǼ⡣
ʱζɢĲˣ˽ӷŲ԰׵ףʧңǰ
һ̣


49 
սЩʱ Ļ˲µķźʹͣЩҲûжȤ
ˡߺͱĵ׵ķ⣬ʣµѹδ
ֻȻصǣ ʻһϤͥԺʱź֪ķһ¡
ӣ ˡߵСѡ
ղڷǳǽʱΪѪ飬΢һ£ Եȵ󵽴ǵʱ ̫Ѿɽˡ
ȲݰڰУһӵ
ոΪո磬жʵʵӢۡ
˵Ҫصǣܶ˶Ҫӭ ԶԶؿһۡ
Ϊг̵һ£ Եصʱ·Ѿûˡ
ʱ˿ֵ̽ԵЩ壬 ̴ӵĻһ£⿴ȥ 
ǻѩѩͱһǽӳ£ ûбôįȴһЩĸо
ҶãʱһЩ˿Զ˵Χ˻Ϊ뵽ʲôĵ顣
˹ ͷЦһ˵ӣ 󽫾ˡ
ô˵ Ҫתע öԷ
ⷬ ̧ͷͿԶдš֡
΢һ£ڽ
ǰԼ󽫾ˡ
ķ֮һԼĸס
󽫾ǴǰǸ󽫾ֻǳ׵׵Ļһ
뵽ҲһЩ档һʱûϵţҲ䵽Լͷϡ
û뵽ԼΪߺһ
һֱϢãĴŵ̲ٺͬһϡ
ĵܸܵղ˯ѣԺı̴Ӵϱ֮ǰѾ
ʱŮźļ́ͷǸҿȥȻ⣬Ҳ쳣ӡ
翴ĸ׳һɫ̾һ
»صꡣ
һЩԾҸϽװʲôҲûзƵ˵ӣǿЩȥɣЩ䣬
š˵ͷһ˽ȥ

ȻԭʱһЩǵȵڶ糿ʱصǵϢǴʳǡ
ѾʹǰȫһˣҲ˵ϵĺպս˵ݰĹϵޱĽ
˵ǷֵýύȨ
˾ڵڶ峿ûж೤ʱ䣬󽫾棬½½ͨĹԱ۴С䣬ȫ峿ݷˡ
ΪǴӡ
ȻȴûһȺ˵˼
ǳãȴԼ״̬ΪܾЩˡ
ȻҲһ
һֱأֲʶǣڸϹʲô˼أԹò׻ص˷ǣΨһģ̫ҽΪúβ
Ⱥˣķҡ
ڷǳһǳˣͬʱҲлŮİ
ֺһľһ˫ϸüһ˲ʲôݵλھȺ뿪
ǴսһȦɣñǰࡣҪûǰô׳嶯ˡ
ĸ׵̬ȣ͸Ͻ˰
ΪµôĹԱһ˵ɤ۾ۡ
ٷ࣬˵Ҳһ
ͣһ£˵̫ҽѾҸǰˣЩ֣Ҳϲǻ绻һطȥϢϢ
˵һݰȻĴս뿪ʳ֮ǰѾһжźˣǰŸյŴӹ̫ҽȫ󽫾ۡ
ݰ뿪ǣʹеҲ½ʧƣ̫ҽҲֵչ˵ˡ
˭֪ݰĹϵãҪܽκٻ񲻾ǰ
̫ҽǲ󽫾ʹ˳
徲΢ЩɻĽظһ飬ȻҲ徲ڷЩطҵ徲أ
ԣڸղ˵Ǿ仰֮ǰ뵽һطȥǳǽĻ¡
ʼԺȻԼֵģ֮ǰûйעһ㣬ֻ֪Ĵڣǽʲô֡
ǵʷҪȵܶ࣬һλڷǳǽĻʼϳϸʼǴٹϲȥĵط
Ȼ˵ǶЩ˵ҲһѰеĵط
ĻҲ˵ÿС
ЩԥϾȥʼҲӦԭġ
ǿĸʲôƵģž˵ҲʮѣǰȻñȽϰ̫ƽһξ롣ҪݰڻҶȥݰ°
˵֮ǰûʲôһϤȴãƺŬģ´ǰԼ
ղŵȻɣѾǼǰˡ
ԥı飬ֲһ䣺˵ЩĽʿ͡ǡ
ղŻ룬ǰˣһ仰㲻ټ֡
Ů˵˵ͷ˵ðɣ˵ȥɡ
֮תվԼ˵Ӹղ˵Ǿ仰ȥ
ǣ
طϢıȷ绹졣
磬绹ûüҪȥΪݰ飬Ѿǡ
ΪǱһֱԼĲܶҲѾ֮ǰ߶顭˵Ϊǰսϵıʵ̫ˣѾΪ߶ˡ
罫Ҫȥǲû뵽йأǷǳȻĽ£绹ݰ˵Ĺϵϵ
ôŹȻݰĹϵȷܺá
ղŽһ;Уس˷ǡȻ˵ҪȥҲôżߡ
ڼϢһʱ䣬ʱҪȥ飬Ҳݰߡ
û뵽ǡ鲢ûݰĶ߹һ͵
෴ǣúݰһⳤšϲû˵µĿֻдǧԼļţ˵δҪһһȥ绹Ǵݰм䣬ޱȵϲ
ҪǣݰƺǼĽ̶ſһ㡣
ֹ˼գڷѩʱͣЪʱ̣ȥ˳ǽ
˵⻹һǰֵطҲûжٺ棬ûﵽʲôӡ
ԵͣſڣԶıڻʱȻһڶŪԼĸо
磺
λڷǳǽĻʼ򶼣йھϿЩɡ



50 
ȻСس ȥĵطǾӪ󽫾ܽϸ粢ûдӲֱƦѧõĻϰߡ
Ȼˣ ڿһ̣绹̲סĵĬĬһ໰
һġԼھ
ڵ֮ǰ ϹҽҪһ⣬ʵȻҲҪġ
ǿǳ׵׵ûˡ
Ȼڻ̫壬 Щˣ ܹ֤ȺھԺֵˣһܷµġ
ҪǣЩһѹ٣
Ǿ׻ô˵ţ
ӣ ѱ
ʱ˿̣ ˸װס
ⲻѱʲôأ
˵˾ϵ⣬ һЩ
״̬˽ȥ֮ߵɮ˻һЩвֵˣ Ĵι
ĲɣԼԼЩЦ״̬ȫһǣ翴Լĸףƽֵĵܵ磬 ڶ
˶ʷ
ֱֻƼˡ
ǰһ 濴﹩λɡ
һԼھϼһۡ
һǡ
ߣ ̻ޱϡ
Ȼһ ˶ԷڤԱߴӣ ĺ
ȵȵȵȡסǧҪˣ
ֻĻһۣ͸ϽĿߡ
Ȼɫ÷ǳ죬˻ע⵽ղһ̵
˻Щ˼ʣȴһ
粻һڷסʱҪ̫Ĵݷ
飬΢һüȻ磺ôλ֮ǰʹйĹ𣿡
統տʼȥڤʱҲĸ񻰴˵
ĻЩΡܸܲĸףղԼʲôɡ
ʶ΢ͣһ£˵ûʲôֻǺ˼ѡ
Ų̬ȣǻصСʱһڣı֣Щ⡣
׷һ䣺ţʲô
ⶼҪ
һ£촽˵롭ʲô飬ҪɱӡҪ飬ָ˭أ
Ϊ粢ûһźñůʱһɫĽ磬ŰƵ꼻ĵʻ
Ҫǹǽķ绪
Χʮһֱڹע磬仰Ŀ˵Ҳһڴ֮ǰǻûһ⡣
˽֪Ҫݷ𣬵ȴûҲ⡣
Ҳû뵽ľȻ¡
⡭һ£ûи˵ǲġֻһ»شʵɽһҪ⣬ûġݷ˵Լ
Ҳû뵽Ĵ𰸾Ȼ
ݷ˵Լ
ƺֵȷˡ
սϵʱȻû񣬸û𡣵ʵҲĬĬףصʿӣȻÿһضԼġ
Цһ£ļ˵ǽհǣ͵ڰԼ
һ··񣬶ÿÿһΧ˶㡣ֻһֱûв¡
һιʹģ˵Ļ֮ͻǰȥһߵĹŮн㣬ȻһԵ͵еȼ
֮ǰûгԹô¡صȥ˭
һΣĶԳٻͬʱȥȴޱȹ
һ߻Щ˵Ķһ߾㣬
һ֮󣬾ؽ嵽¯֮С
ĶǳţǳɫĶ»ȥ
ʱ꣬Ͽһսϴɱ֮һڷﲻɱĹӡ
ӣ˵ͻȻһֲ̡
ʵ籾ˡ
ߵˣǴСʶġЩ˼ʱǵӣҲʱ緢
ЩȻȡ˲ɾͣҲеӢۣȻȴǰһĿˡ
ƺһεļС
ڤڤ֮нǣ
û˸ȥ˵ĶԴû˸ȥ磬󲻺ߵһ
ԼҲȥ롣
ذǰ
ƵϸҲ˺档
һ̣Ȼ˲ƵϤ

ס
ò˵ʼĵطѡĵȷܺá
ɽˮ羰ѡ£һǡﴦɽȣѾ¡ȴûж䡣
ô꣬ûйôůĶ졣
һѩû¹Χдеľ㱼仹ΪԼԾڴʱڡ
Ҳ֪ǲΪΧãԼҲþһ㡣
ÿӣ÷ǳ򵥡
˯Ȼѣ̫֮ҽżϼ롣Ȼҩһ㣬Ҳǲܡ
ôʱҩѾϰζ
һظȥãԼѾҪܲʱˡ
˿ڵ˵ޱȵȻ粻һȺ̫ҽȴȹϵϣżĲС
ȻôΧת廹һһ컵ȥ
ҩȥûתõļ
˵ݰ뿪֮ǰµĵڶ񡪡߶ˡ
ȥôء
ʱ䣬̫ҽÿ춼ڻŷΪβԼһҲż
սϵЩйڤ硢;ļ䣬ȷ
⼸ҵµݰ̡
һȴ׸ӿϵĹȡ˵ʵڴ֮ǰ粻ûȥûԼһ콫ȥ￴
ǵһ㣬ݰÿһµĵطĵһ鲢ű󣬶һһϸϸУԼһʱļţΧľд
еʱ˻ửһ
һʱ䣬ÿ춼յһݰš
һʼʱйս绹ţᵢݰ¡
Ǻֽݱһ󴫣絹ǰ
ϲݰﲻĸо
ݰı£׷ϵɽˮòһһӡԺ


51 غ
 ˵൱徲ʱǲһַɡ
Ȼݰ˵ ӳء
ݰȻսҲǲ֪ǵ飬ǲ֪ڵ״̬
粻֪ĵط ÿһŷǹ񴫵ݰеģйϢ
аڵĲ飬˶ҩ ֳ˶ٷˡ
෴ǣ 籾ȻʱʱĻǰһһ¡ǵӰ쵽飬 Χȴûи߹Ǹʲô״
Ҫǣ 籾ҲЩ¡
ݰͲһˡ
״˽⣬籾˸
˵Ⱥ̫ҽǿһֱûлָļ󣬵ݰʱ ״ԣ Ǩŭǣ ֱндøءٲȻѾǲ֢֮ĳ̶ˡ
ǰݰ׼ ȻҪǣδҪи̵ģ ҲƲϵ
ȽϿϣʱȻѾ¡߲ûѩ ɵϸ⣬ һк񶼺ļûʲô
ȻݰѾߵһУ ʱҪǸǳػֱӿͶһܴġ
ݰԾκǵķ·ϿЩҲһĻ
ݰżȫЩ
Щ죬ֻҪݰ۾Ժ֮б֡ʱ޶ࡱĸ֡
ڴ֮ǰݰĴû顣
ôᣬԼͻСսɳûܹ쵽顣ȻһˣȴһһĻ
ݰ
˵һİ飬ȴ޷ϵ
ô
ݰȥ£ȻÿһӷǼżмȴ͸¶˼
Ѿ滮˺ܶĴƣÿһοЩţݰﶼ⡣
ҪԼļƻصǻصߡȻˣݰѾû·
ֻܼӿ첽ٶԼļƻ
Щдαװֵš
ݰһʵʵıߣСͲŻʲôԼϷ
ȻһֱԼϹ룬һû顣ʵϣݰȴѾĴ㡪ȻﲻԸһ㡣
ݰҪһ߱¡
磬ɽޡȻȵݰʼŰʱȴյϢ
ݰﵣûῴЩϸϸؽԼж¼ڴ̵ļ϶Щ羰ݰֻΪ磬ԭ仹˵
ΪЩ̫ҽиȻǳϣȴ۾￴һ
Ǿ
һһ죬ûжδ㽺һ
⼸֮ݰñȵ֪״ʱҪֻš
Щϸϸظ硣
Ȼôϲأô᲻Ϊϵصķòأ
ֻΪԼ
ݰﲻ֪飬Լȴǲĵġ
Ϊʲôһжߵʱȴ
ݰϰϾСûɻùʲô
Լ˶
ȻսʤˣһʶԼҲжĶ
Ǳ磬Լ
ݰȴѱ˴Ӯһ롣

ϣһսĻ
˳ᢵսһݰǳھӵǰ
һʼʱ򣬶ԷɱֱֹսȴѾû˸ҿݰˡ
ԭǳ򵥣ֻҪһ𽣣Ǳɱ˲գۣͬɱ
һҲˡ
¡¡սģݰŽꡣɫĿǰȥűʺѪҺ档Ⱦ졣

ʱжյ磬ȫ벻ݰʲôӡϾݰдĶһЩȽɵݡ
һתֵۣ߶ӡ
ȻѾϰʱʱҪôһ£һκʱЩͬ
Ĳͬ㣬ιȥ֮ľ
Ǿ졣
֮ǰһֱڤ磬ʵǳھġ˾ϵԷûþӦˡ
Դһ֮翴Ĵ඼һЩȽƬΡںȲ裬߶ŪһˮС㡣
ٻǾϣżҲݷ
壬ͬ˶ھ졣
ȻΪ뵱۶ȥڤ磬Լ˻Ǻܺõġ
ÿСϵ飬𶼻ػش𡣿˵ġϸ
˹ûж೤ʱ䣬˾͸ˡλƺҲڽЩ£Լڤǳơ
ٵͲֻСˣϵ˶
𽥷֣Ȼһֱڤ磬Բһദˡ
ûã߾ͱ
ƺҲ㲻
Ȼƽӣǲ̫ʱġ
ڴ֮ǰҲһ⡪Ⱥɺö˶˵ģΪʲôȻ٣
ΪҲʹԼĸףֻһˣ˽⵽ģҲǳǧǰЩ񻰣Ȼش⡣
ֱգҵ𰸡
֮ǰɵ̸УԼԼõһϢǶȻȻʲôħ񣬵ȴܹħ
֮ǰؼǶһֱƽ״̬
ǧǰΪת֮ƽ⵽ƻ
ãڵȵ˱һ졣
𽥻֮УΪǣڶʱҪ߻ħҪȻǡԭ١
ȫʧʼһЩʱԲɵ¡
ֻΪɣǿûܵӰ졣
һȥʱһл
һΣʶ뿪ޣϤصʱ緢־ѾǴǰǸˡ
ɫĸߵ֪ʲôʱֻʣһƬϱڲԫ
ĴѪĶ߻ײ
һ𾪵Ĺ۲Χʱܵ
ˣǱ߳һЩ¡ЩҽǱ߷˵Ļ̴վ
ΪҲǾѵûܵӰɡ
˵Ļֱ˵ãҹȥϣ˾ʧ
˳ӽǣֽ쿴һ顣
ҲǴʱǰĳȻԼһμغ


52 Ϥ
֮俴һŻˣ ھϱܣ׹ڤ֮С
Ժһ̣˼Ƥ
ʱĶǰľ ҲڲϷš
ٵı仯 ʱעȥǸ֮Ĵ𰸣 ʱ
翴 ûй೤ʱ䣬ͳڵĹ
ͬ壬 ȻСΪҲѷ ô˵ҲǾϵĵ Ǽ֮һ
ڴ֮ǰһֱ֧תұЩΪȽϵ͵ɡǵڣ ҲѾ˼ޡ
ɷϵǣ ˵Ĺǣ
ȻһΣȥʱ ȴԷôѪ֮С
˵ʲô ǽ翴ۺȻһ
̾˵ˣ ˡܡʵѾҪŲȥˡ
ͬ壬 ȻıָһЩ ۰˵ҲӦô
ô ȻĿĵġȻһֱڤ磬 Ծϵ鲢̫˽⡣ôҲһ𣬻ô꣬¡
ԷĶѾҪԼҪиԼ
Ȼ֮۶˵ӦӦýԼĵƸȻҵȷΪԸĻɷؾһʱ䣿
۵ǳˣϾΪ콫Ҫ֧Ųȥˡ
¶˱еı飬һ£Ȼޱ֣ص˵ͷ
ȷϲϵ飬Ҳϲϱ̫صΡ
ˣŻܵڤȥⲢһˡ
෴ܹ˳ؾܹٻζʲô
ȻֻڻԼ俴˼ĻҲⱳ󵽵ζʲôǿͷһ̣Ǿûޱȳء
籾ܵҪֹȻԼʵھ죬ǰһУʵֻļˡ
һڣͷԼʵһҲܷ
翴۾ǰʧΣԷ𷨾վ˾롣
ΪΪ֮ǰıӣϵһЩСɷǰȻġ෴ǣЩΪܵӰ춼
߻ħߣ۳֮󣬾Ȼʼˡ
ɾˣûһ˼
˵Ϊ֮ǰ𣬴ʱڴˮɡܾãһ׵ˡ
ⷽ棬˶ͬ˶Էݡ
ֱʱ򣬿ǸߵӰվڴ˵أʶԷ֮
жôǵģҲΪʱ
һԼ綼
Ӧ۵һ̣һж·ˡ
ȥָ֮ƽ⡣
ΪȻû˵ʲôȴһǳϤġƺԼΧˡ
˵ˡ
絽ڵĳ̲סԶԷ˵ͣ
ôҲİ

ھ̨룬˫˯һ޽Ǵϸܵĺȴ磬һвûбϿȥô򵥡
ѾҪˡ
Ҳǣ
Ҫ΢һµĻ𡪡ԼڿĶǹȥ飬ЩѾˣҪһûйȥĻԼͲῴЩˡ
ϣڼĶ
Щ֮ǰ۱СɣҲǰϣܹͣ֡
ǾϣҪҲĻôͳǳ׻ˡ
ûô
翴Ż𣬲ͣ任еķΧĳɫâ˸
ʱĶߺȻһ󾪺
ʱŷ֣ڲ֪ʲôʱϵߣѾѿϸСķ϶
Ȼ粻֪߶˵ζʲôΧ˵ļ棬һϢѾǿ֮ĩˡ
һ̣𻺻۾
ֻ֪Ǹһ֧תĻô˵ĽҲһģһ
𲢲ˣµԼ֮ĩ·
ѡһΪ󵨡ķʽ
һ˵Ƕͻ緽ſЩһ߻ħڵء
ǴʱȴѡԼΪý顣
žٽǻ
ѡ붼ġ
ԲǱȻôˣѾһʱ䡣
ôûа취ȡ
ˣˣڲԶ֪˭һһ𣬿Ծһ
ֹˣܿʼƣ߻Ѿȫѣֻ΢һɢɻҡ
۾ԽԽ졣
ԼԼΧ˲֪˭˵ڵġ߻ħĸ֡
һԣҪ߻ħ߻ħ˶ǳţһδȴûˡ
Ϊ֪𲻻ԼΪĻᡣʧȥǣôڵЩҲúõĻ
ǰĺֻ·һ
ѵ˵ôˣ
翴ǰĳ֮󣬶Ļ
һһʱڳת

ôͻȻôŨ
Ǹˣ
Ǹˣ
һ㶣ûзӦȺ˵˵˭
Ǵ𰸲û̫á
Ŵ𰸵ʱ򣬾ϺȻһα
һϤĶߡ
ˣ
˵˾ڤµǸӰ
Ȼ֪ǸӰ򵥣֪Ǹҹܹ뿪ڤӡʱ˭ܸǺӰôӳڤ磬˾죡ڻĽг֡
˭
һϣΪ˾
գ֮䣬ǺͰڵ˸ʵʵ
翴һӰߡ
һ̣ϵߣȫѵ˵ϡ
ŬҪȥ𵽵ʲôӣϧǣźǰľ
ֻǺǰĳΧЩһֱŵ𷨱Ϯ
Ȼ춼Ʋġ
֪飬ǰôôԾ
Ҫǣе졣
úɵˡЩ졣


53 һ
ֻ֡
ȷһǳõˣ ǼôõˣҲԼǵκһֵֻӡ֮Ծ죬ΪһĶǲĳһģһ֡
ԼǱھϱܣ һεУ ׹ڤ
ĳ ԲǴ
Ȼһֱļ ӽǾ仯ڴ֮ǰûзǳĿӰ֡
ʱͻȻһĻ ĳҲǷǳĴ
ɲ֮䣬μ
ͷʼʹ ǰĳȻģ÷ǳңԶ
ã ԼͺΧЩһ ֮У ˱ͷ
ҧأŬĵָֿо
޷ķˣǰĳڲϵı仯ȴòС
Ҫһǣûп
ֱӸԼһǳҪ顣

ϵ һŨһ
Щɵ״̬ҲܴӰ졣
ԼʹҲйء
˲֪೤ʱ䣬ʶ𽥻
ʹͻȻʧ
Ȼ֮ǰһǣûһοйĳ
һΣ ʶٴλعޡ
˵ѾҪˡ
ղ״̬ȷʵǳã 绹ǿž ŬȥΧ顣
Ҫļǰϵġһļ䣬
һ̣һоôˣ
֪˾ܣ
֮УΪü
쳣ۣǸղű˴һһûʱȥ¡
Ժ֮У֮ǰļ䣬һһĻطš
ԭԼѾˣ
ô
δÿ˵ǳջģҲһ
Ѱ˶֪Լδᷢʲôʲô統ȻҲףȻ飬ȴδ
Լһֱڼ֮У㣬㡣
ԭһ졭֮Уһһظһ仰
û뵽ԭڵһ죬һʱԼѾĽ֣
ԭǸڤ֮еˣ𣡶ǸһڤӵˣǺ
绹ӸղŵĻ棬ԼΧɵĻ֪һƬʵ
֮ǰǴ֪ȻֱܹӻΡ
Ǻ֮ȻΪ˾˺ôһʱ䡣
ǳҪɱǺ»ع״̬ãǽ׷ӡ
ôԣʧܶաʵ̫ɵˣȻҲһܹѹƵסġ
˵޲ߵʱˡ
ȻҲɱǺȴԽӡڤ֮ס
濴ĳôˡ
ӡڤ֮أҲΪܳʱ뿪ڤ硣
֮ǰһֱΪǺֻƲ
û뵽˷ǵûгΪĵˡڹϵȻһһĵദ֮бú
ϾڤĻᴭ˸ûмʱǹģǴὫһԼƽȵĵλദ
һƬһûнʲô߸ϵ𿴴
һƬ治顭
ȿȣȻⶼǺ󻰡
֮˵ǺʱദȻѡ
һ̣Ǻֱӳڤķӡ˾졣
ɵҲΨһһܹԸˡ
ֱɵ˾ϵ
ϧǣվһʱѾ߻ħˡ
ŷģ統꿴һĻΪ߻ħ־壬ڤӡ
ȻʱڤӡʱԪˣһʱ֮Ҳܲô
ͺһڤ֮С

ιԺ֮Уһһ顣
ħһ̲סȥ롣
һ˵ÿζʱ򣬶ֱȥڤ߾졣ȿ߷󣬲ֻ»ص˽硣
һβһ̫֮ͣʱ䡣
Ƿᾪţһȫûʱ뾫ȥ¡
Ǳ˽ѵġ
ʧĶ
ʼ֮УŻûа취侲ˡ
ſĲߣҡļ
ʱһԭΧ̫ҽǣȻ˵Աߣͷվһ仰Ҳ˵
ǸղŶ˵Ѿ˼ޡı֮Ⱥ̫ҽҲٶ˵ʲô̼Էˡ
ʱڻص
֮⣬ԭǳ治ĵܵܣҲһ
ȻĿûǵע⡣ʱ˶ڿޣƺΪΨһ⡣
֮
ס
һ̣Ҳ֪ܵʲôӰ죬Ժҳһ࣬ãԼҲ߻ħһڲܿƵһղ˳顣
ֱһ̣ڱק

ԼڷļˡȻΪȥڤ磬籾Ѿ׵׵Ŀԣһвһ־硣
֪Լļ˲ûһͨ͸
ҪԼĻǻĵġ
ѹѹ
粻ϵĵԼһҪ۾
ġ
ԼҪݰһ档
ȻǳνԤ֪бƣ绹ǺҪߡĽӦһ졣
Ҫǣ绹Ҫݰһ档
ʱȻôɣΪԼҪʲô̫
һʼյˣԼ̹ݰôҪͷ͵Ҫȷݰδߡд
ҲԸ֮еڡ
עõĶѾһһӦ飬Ծɲܸı粻Ƣ
ݰǱ
ߡдǲ²ݰҪΪһݰ˵ӡ
ҪݰԼսˣˡ
ǴԼ
һ
ԣûҪݰһ˲ˡ
뵽һ̣һֱڴϽ˫۵磬۾
ĿޱѣŵΧһֱˡ
ֻȻǳǳЦһ£źСĶԶԷ˵ײҪҡһټء
ϣͣһ£СֻԼܹ˵һһݰ


54 Ӯ
ߣ ÿ춼˸¼״
ЩÿҲὫĶͳ鱨һ𴫵ݰС
ݰȻ⣬߷ʲôͻȻжιȥüգ ֮˵Ļ ȫһһʮشݰĶߡ
ҡ
ݰ޷˵Լ仰֮﾿ʲôĸо
Ǽǵǣ ǻ̿֡
ΪʲôȻҪԼأ
ݰЩȥ뱳Ĵ𰸡
˵ʵӴ״Ϣ֮ݰ޲ڷͷе飬 ȥһ档
ȻʱҲõҪĹؿڣ ݰѾԼϤʹſڡǰһյֻʣһƬϱڲԫ
ʱȥֽԫ޽һ飬 ݰڵλÿȥ һҲǵӡ
м䣬 Ҳһѻ˸ɾһ
ݰ ʹ
ÿһ϶˼ βܴӳȥ
ڣ ݰһվʱȴٿ־塣
ݰֻѸٹƬǳأȻȥصȥ
ôˣҲôˡ
θݰ棬кܶ඼ڱ߹һġ
Ѿϰػصս ݰĴ򷨣 ǿ䲻Ҫ
ǣ ݰﲻҵôӵˣ ȷ˽ݰִ򷨣˷ǳ¡еʱԲսʤ
Щ˶ݰ̬ȣҲһʼĻƲ𣬱ڵĳݡ
ʱѾʹſڣĳݰﱾ˻Ҫȡ
ǿںɫսϵĻӣĳųĬһᣬŻ̧֣һơ
ֻһ̣ʹſڱһսû
ţǾһϹѼѩҹս̤ƽƬ
ĹݰͯʱجΣһ죬ݰҪԼսһجΡ

ݰʵ̫Ϥˣһ̴ĸûаʱʹѾΪ֮
ʷϴδй׳١
׵ʿǴӱ߹رʿޱȼǾ˭ս˭ҵ
һǲʤ̣ھ֣ҪԶʷ֮ˣ
˼
ĻʹŲٵĺöȥ֮ʿǱ㽫ʹؽƼȫȡ˳źһ
ݰﲢûвС
Ѿϰһ㣬롪ƽ׽˵Ľ첻ͬݰǻӡ
ڴѾǶЩֻǾãݰУֲôӲЩײʿһ
ݰûǵףҲûǿ
һԣ֮ΪܽݰӦκﲼԼ
δܳһʱ䣬᳤סڴˡȻݰﲢûôʹĵڶգݰʹʮŴ׵ķȥ
ಢ̣һݰӱޣֻ˶̶գʹص˴ס
ʱݰĸʻšȻڴҶѾ˻ʹеȨӦݰﶼӦȥԷݼһ²Ŷԡ
ݰﲢûô
ݰֱλڳǽĻʼ֮Уϵս׶ûüжżķȥ
ݰϴŵģɫĺס
ڻʼĻ֮ϣ׻ײص
ԭѾսľͷŵĹŮ̫øӽš
˶ͷ޲ý°ؿ
ǲҿݰһۣݰҲûȺ˵˼
첽ǰȥת۾ʹλںСԺ֮С
סĵطˡ
Ϊ˼һ棬ݰӱ·ϸòŵ
˵ʱӦúŶԡ
ǵСԺſ֮ݰﾹȻһΪӵ
ͻȻҿ硣
ݰ̵ʱ򣬶һһŽϵĿšȻ֪ڵ״á
ݰﻹ֪һʱ䣬ÿֻһʱʣµʱһֱ˯š
ݰȴﲻҪһ㣬УԾǵǸһµꡣ
ݰ֣СԺľϡ
硣ֻԼһ֡
ݰﲻƿţͺƿţͻһ㡭
ݰԥһ̣ĶߺȻһŲ
ûݰ̧ͷһ
ȿȡ¼Ȼˣôأ
˵磡
֮ǰ˵ݰｫҪˣǿŴӲ칫ѵõĴ죬Ҳࡣ
֮ǰһֱԴ쾹ȻܹΧ˵Ĳ֮߳ˡ
ڿݰĵһۣ̲סЦһ£ȻÿЦһ¡
Ƕݰ˵ܺĬ
һֱֱֻڿԷЦʱŻ˵¡֡
ʵ籾˼ҲҪݰģֻǿݰüչӺ󣬾ҪöԷһ¶ѡ
û뵽ԼĻݰȻһŵ̧ͷš
羹ȻԷ۽Ǳһˮ׹
ˮ
ݰôˣ
ԷڿɲǹǸӵĻˣݰı֮类һ
ôˣ籾ʶԷôȻˣһΧЩ޲ýͷĹŮ̫࣬ǽĻ˻ȥ
绺һ߷Լˣ˵ˣȥɣԼߡ
ǡ˱˵ǿ½ңһҪչ˺
һݰǹŹֵ飬ǽеĻȥ
ˣݰһ㡣
ǡŷˣȥŵͷվȺ֮С
ְ֣˶ȥŷһߵĻȣߵݰߡ
״ݰҪȥһ磬ȴĿľܾˡ
ȻˣҲĲҪˡֲԼ״̬һһĲ
ľǿ
ޱȻĶ֮ݰﱾҲǰȥһȻĿԵһ̣ݰվԭء֪粻Ҫİ
ٻĶݰȻһ¡
պǿṦ
˵̤ѩ޺ۡ
ֻһɵķɵϡ
ҲһƬëƮˮ档
֮߶̶̼·ҪһߵĻǽڡ
̵Īڴˡ
ڿ£ݰ߬ȭҪǰĻ棬ֲܲ

ݰıȫһǣߵԷǰʱһ
罫ݰĿϣȻͻȻŶԷ۾˵£ϲ
͸ղǴſЦζġ¡ֲһ
һΣ˵ޱ֣أȷʵеĽݰ¡
˵һ仰ֻ֮˰벽վԭݰһ
磬ʲôݰﱻĶһϽǰȥ
ݰһǳȨƣȰȨƵˣû뵽һԼΪһţʵȷˡ
ݰãԼ֮䣬ѾǰˡǳĸоڵλԼԽԽԶ
絽ײһˡ
֮ͻȻ˵ţȻסݰ
ɲǼ䣬ĸоݰȫ
ȻԼĶ˵ϲ㣬Ӯˡ
ҲӮˡ
ǶҪӮ
Ӯνˡ


55 ٣ϣ
֮ǰ״̬ͷǳã Χ˶ڴڼ䣬̫ҽѾڱĬĬΪޡ
һֹһΡ
ʵԪˣɷɷף һѪɫûС
ÿһϿʱ̫ҽ簾졣Ȼǣ ȴһһĶ˹ȥ
 ̫ҽеʱҲͻԶȥĴ
һ̣һοʱȻʶڡ
֮ǰһֱһֻΪȴһʱ䣬ߵȴһһ
ȵ˻ˡ
ڵݰ
еʱ˾ƾһŵģ һ
̫ҽ ӵݰһ̣ϵʶˡȻ˻һ
һĻ̫ҽͻȻһ¡
Ҫ˵ʲô ǿΧ˸жӣ ݰı֮ ̫ҽԭѾߵĻ ֱȥ
ˡǲҪ˵ĺá
ʱֻǾḻ̫ҽ뵽ֵʵ̫ԣΧĺüҲһĬĬضһۡ
а𾪵ˣҲݰ
Ϊ۾еĹȻ
ڴʱ
绺һΧ˵ע֮һ¡
ڵ磬Ͳͬˡ
·ʱʱһ£ Ѿһ¡
뵽粻ϲ˷ ΧĹŮ̫ҲûеһʱȻΪ Լסεʱⷢˡһ»ûн͵һ󲽣ſ
һз̫졣
һƬ󣬷ˣȻݰ
㵹£ݰʶ߹ȥ§˻С
ϰʹȻ籾ܻһݰȻʱѾһûˡ
ȫȥݰȻʹϴſ׵ݰȴֺܲ
ʱݰĶʹһ£ԸݺݵؽԼƿ
ڵݰﻳһ̣аɫѪֹס
Ѿߴ˺ܾã֪岻ãһΧľһ㶼ûٵġ
ݰڴſ
ԭʱ򣬿ӣղ߳ŵҲܲˣһ˹ȥ
ɲ֮䣬ҳһࡣ
ݰȵؽ籧ţΧЩ̫๬ŮԾһ£һǱ߶ȥ
ҵʱ̣ݰ첽ǰȥѹûΧʲô
̫ҽݰ̫ҽڴ˴̫ҽҲȫСڵλþۼ
ݰȨѾкܳһʱ䣬Ȼ¹治˶ȴһôˡ
УĻ࣬ʿȥˣҲǵݰ˵ʱٺǻһֲŭĸо
һβһǡݰٷǳ졣
žԸ̫ҽһݣЩ̫ҽϽ˵ĻȫСŸһȥ
ݰ˼ǳ򵥣̫ҽϧһдۣƳɱؽȻ
ݰĻ֮Χ̫ҽҲ׷׵ͷӦ£ݰ˵Ҳǻġ
ȻӦЩͬʱ̫ҽȴҲкǿ޴С
ǵȻ᲻ƳɱǲƳɱܹȻ
׻˵úãҽҽҽ
ȻᣬȴѾߵһ
˶֪
ļʱ䣬϶ڻжȹģеʱֻ̣Ƕ϶˵Լص
ص
ҪڴǱ߶ˣҪص󽫾
Ȼݰ֪ȺҲ֪еļңǷǵ󽫾
Ҫصȥ
ûа취Ѿˡעزȥ
󽫸ҩ㣬ûͣ
ģһڲȥ죬Ҳȥڤˡ
ڻ֮еҲ֪ԼһʱǷһ¡
ಡ齶ʱĻʵۣڼݺȥݰҲʱʽΪ˴ˡ
ʷʵ۶һݰﲢûڵһʱǻ䣬һֱ󽫾
һǵѩ
ҲǶ̶̵һҹϵĻѩѾϥôˡ
ŲԶﰾҩĵ̣Ȼһֹƻõĸо
糿˳һʱΪĲҲǸήңƽѾٻ˵
Ȼһ죬Զ̻еϵĻѩȻ̾һ˵ѩضҲµô󡣡
һ̣ݰҲ˲Զ
֪ô£Ļľݺһ
ݰģûһһ


56 ٣£
ϣ ʼս˫Ŀüëһ촽һѪɫûУⳤʱ˼¡
Ѿ˯˺ܾã Ծɻʱʱؿһ
һ󽫾Ů̫̫࣬ҽԺȫƵ
˶࣬ɰš˶ס ΨֲСľĸˡ
ͬʱ Ҳȫһţ 첽󽫾Ľǽ䣬æòɿ
ֻĿһֻҪһΧ˵ģȻһӾ
ÿÿԣҪԼȫȳƵġ
Ƕۡ
ݰһֱߣ һ ݰɫҲʼսһֻ֣ ˿һĻȻҲһ֣ȴûһ˸ǰ˵ʲôġ
죬״̬ǣ˵ġ
ȻΪԼĵ˲һǣ ʱ粢ʹ
ʶεһ һƬɫޣƯƶ֮ϡ
ֻԼһůĿռ䣬 һУ ͵ġ
粻֪ Ҳ֪綼ʲô
ʱĶߺȻһϤ
ǡ
֪δһȹѩصĸ֨СһһӾ˵ĳ
صĶܳܳһһСʱ䣬϶кĻѩ
Сʱ󽫾ϲϰ䣬ÿһѩ죬ǻڱʱ䣬󽫾ֱӽӱ̳еʱҲһֻ۱һֻۣ͵һᡣ
Сʱõļ䡣
ҲֵͬʱǰĻȻˣڲǷŵһƬޡ
ǡһɻسܿһۣأ
翴ԼĽ²ԶһƬѾѩȫǵĻ԰֪ʲôʱһƬдʫĵֽ
ֽӬͷС磬Ҳ澿дʲô
΢ԥһ£Ҫֽϵݡ
ǻûеֽŻССĽŲȻŴˡߵԼߡ
һȥֻа˾ĺӣͣߡֻЦųһ˵ûãڰˡ

Ϊ仰һ£ź֪ķ˵һ졣
ԭѾڵϵ磬վֱӣһȻǰĻһԼǰĺͯԼСʱһģһ
ԣ
СʱԼ
СʱԼʲôһԣһϲʫʫһѩʱһ˼һҲ֪Ϊʲô󽫾Ȼûٽ硣ֱ˴ߣһ߿Ŵѩһܳʫġ
էԭϵʫȫǴյķɻӴƮ
ȥץʫ廹Ǵָ˳ȥ
ԭлһ磬һ磬ⱼȥ
ôŮǵľУ첽ܹ԰ץһʫ塣
Զǧڣߵ[1]ͯʱ磬ѩʫдĶ˳
һʫ˵Ƕʱûа취ġ
ǲ֪ô£¿һ̣ʫӡļ䡣
꣬罫һʫԼϡ

ʱ磬ܳʫͬʱһŲӲԶ̲ס˳ķȥ

û뵽ԼȻʱ󽫾
ò󽫾ʶһϲ֮⡣һ̣ĺȻ󽫾Ѿô
ȥڤ磬绹û
ԼΪʲô󽫾
뵽𰸣Զһؼ׵˹
ȫصʿ
ʶһʱ󽫾Ȼһһ
󽫾ͻЦ磬Ȼ˵Ҳ˰ɣһȥϢϢ
ǰǰһʱϤʿ˹Цļ˵˵˺պսһߺȾƣһ㽲
͵һС
ȻȴʱҪټһ棬ټݰһ档
֪ǲ룬󽫾ߵ˶һۡţǰĻ˱仯
صλڷǵ󽫾
*
֪ǲΪߵ󣬴ʱ羹ȻܲʹֻЩˡ
ע⵽绺۾ݰһס֣磬ˣ
翴ݰ۽ǱϣȻֳһ㵭ۡ
̲סЦһ˵ôˣǴˣôˣ
ȿȿȡݰ˵ǿ˼ɳƵɤ϶˵ǻʵ˰ɣǵãһҪһûʵۡȻĴߣȿȡǧҪ˲Ƶ顣
һšߡϵݣһ߶϶˵š
ֱڣɲԸЭ
֪ڵݰѾǴǰˡ
ˣסݰԺڽͶһѾ
þЦһ£ףѹ
ϣֽת˻ޱĿݰü֣ص˵԰չ˺ôСء
ʱѾһϸ
ʱ򣬽ԼӵĶεˡ
ݰﲻܾܾҲûа취ܾ
áġþȫ˵仰
ݰӦҲŶԷЦһ¡
ãһΪ˵
оԼһţҲһʧ
粻֪ݰܲԼһ̣Ŭſ죬ݰ˵ݰ㡭
˵һ̣ݰ侲֣ͷ˵
áһ̣Ѿƣر۾ȻֻԼݰ˵Ҫѹǡټġ
ǵģǻټġ
ݰﲻĻʲô˼ҲٸʵĻᡣ
𣬴һƬѩء
ϲ֪˭ҵ壬Ҳ֮Ʈҡ
ʱʱ֣ѩЪɲǼѪ

ǳϣ󽫾˰׳


57 ֮1
ʹȵ۲һ ĵȨݰңȻֵܣ֮ȴûһֵ֮顣
ǰңڻʱ ʱʱĻ֪ϢȻԴӵȨ߱ݰ֮  ңҲ֪緢ʲô
 뿪˻꣬صѾõĻ¹
ʱ仹磬ȻѾ˴ ֦ɹһ㱡¶ˮһ΢紵ֻ Ȼص˶Ƶġ
Ӧˡ͡ʡ
µң
߻һ̫ҽȵġȵ۱ֻ̫ҽ߼һ£Էһû뵽 ǰҽһȤҲûең ڵ˻֮󣬾Ȼѧҽ
̫ҽ֪ ңһУ Ϊ˽ϵ߶
뿪¹ôʱ䣬 ңʿȥࡣ
һ¹ĹŮ̫඼ڰشң
Ͼ뿪֮ǰ ңǹܳĻӡһϦ֮ʧƣ ֻصĵطǸ˶вһĸд
Щ뿴 ֮ңοһеġ
Ǹеǡ֮ңȻֻƳһԼʮĻң žת̫ҽʵϴ˵ķӣ 𣿡
ӣ
Щ˵˶һ
ô֪ ߵʲôʱϲҽˡ
ң⣬̫ҽϽͷ˵Ȼ¡һá
ǾͺãԣңҲһƬЦ⣬ͬʱͷһɡ
ʱڣëëϸ꣬ԶԶȥɵġ
һ̣ң̧ͷյʱȻҲɢһ㡣
ӹɵǣңһˣȥ˻꿪ʼѧҽھȻ̫ҽһڹżѰһЩ߶ķӡ
ңһ̫ҽһǰߣһ߶ԶԷ˵硭ԭҡ
˵ңȻЦһ£̾һ˵һԭҵġֻҪþС
̫ҽңһ˻֮УҲ֪һʱ綼ʲô¡ңĻ̫ҽֻǵͷ
ңڶ϶˵ţԼһҪκ磬Ϊϵ߶֮⣬żҲпһϵĺպս
˵ңûпԼ˵Ļ֮Χ˵ɫˣЩȥס̫๬ŮǶһۣɫȻޱȲ԰ס
Ϊңˡ
˼䣬ңߵһ̫࣬Сڵשϰһ¡
ϲΪѹŮ̫ңһҪ£ߴ
Ȼڣ̫Ķֻ֮ǵƳ˶ԷһۣȻʣô˲Сģ
˵䣬ңĲôĿ죬ȲҪ磬ҪʱڿԷ
Ҳһۣңڷ̫ɫܲԾ
Լڿ־ʲô
ôˣΪı鿴ңңͣ½ŲüëԷʵ
˵Ļ̫ȻڵϣͷֹˣΧ̫๬ŮҲһ˲ýŶ졣
ңͻȻһȻȴûбֳֻңЩЦһ£Ȼװ벻ʣôˣôȻ£
ݰﲻ֪ô£Ȼ˴ңӻ˳һʮ֮ȥء
ȥضڱĻ˵ûκȻѾʧȥɵң˵ȴһĴ¡
ңֻʮټһ档
ǿѹסпµ뷨ԼõͷװʲôҲ֪һ߶߶˵ʲôǱֱ˵Ҫҵ顣깬֮һҪȥ󽫾
󽫾
ң⼸֮Χ˵ɫøӲ
ԼһŮڵϣȥֻʮӣʱѾ̲ס
Ƕңˣ𼸸ңˣ֪ࡣ
󽫾Ѿˡ
˶֪ܴùͷܸңࡣ
ȻǸŮʵ̫С֪κŪң
ֻµңض
ָСŮ°ͣȻŶԷ۾һһٵʣ
ͳҲ˹еЦ⡣
ңѾȫ˲˲ݰֻ뽨һ档
Ů˵Ѿžžવᡣ
Σңһһ顣
˵ȥ
Ļո£ȵľͷȻһŲ
ң⿴һڽ۵˳˲Զ
һľȣڿԼ֮󣬻ؽݰȻЦһ£˵һңһµĻ
Ȼ΢ЦЦȴ۵ףȥĮ
ֻݰͣ½Ųͣһң˵ڵĵط㵱Ҫȥ𣿡


58 ֮2
ңڻʹ޷ˣ Ȼݰ
֪ݰԼɱȨˡԼǵݰﲻģԷֻ˵һ仰 ԼʧϡΪҹ壬 ǰңûǰ㾴ηݰ
Ȼһ̣ Է˵Ǿ仰ңȴڱܵĿ־塣
һֱش ݰĬĬؿһ۵ϹŵЩˡ
Щ̫๬ŮǵӡУ ݰԴӼλ֮󣬻˵ԴߺͺЦˡһ̣Ȼ·Цһ£ Ȼ˵ǵߵ£ ֪ ôǸɡ
Щ̫๬ŮȻûһ˸˵ġ
һңȻãؿڴѹһŴʯͷһƣŬȴһҲ
ʲôԼķν߬סһ
ңϵЦʧӰ٣ ָҲ֪ʲôʱ ݺݵشƤ֮С
ʱңϿź򶨣 Ȼȴ˼һӿ
Ϣ һαǿѹȥ ңУ ֻʣһ
־塣
ңĹʮ꣬ һһľ¥ڶѾӡԺ֮С
ңһߣ һ̫ҽ죬 ûעΧľֱڣڷԼӡ֮еĽ칬Ѿͬˡ
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׳
һĻңзĸԼȵۼݱûж೤ʱ䣬Щ׳ӦΪҵġ
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ԡΪȵۡ
߻ңȻȥҵ֪֣Ͼڻ¹泤ġ
ң֪Ϊ׳ǲĶ
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Щ׳Ӧݰֱʡ
Ȼң˽ݰϤң֪ݰʵһ˽ɵˡ
ʱ˿̣ңԼ־޴Ρ
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˶ңĿⲻƽͬʱݰǰվңߡ
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ңؿݰһۣȻãԷҲ¹һĿ
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ӣҪӣ
ֳԺеͬʱң͵תŲԶȥ
ңĶΧ̫౻һҪסȻû뵽ǣǸ׼ôԶݰ˵ȥ
ݰԼһݵˣ෴覴ñر
ʱݰ˿Щ֣ƽȫͬǲ֪ǣʵҲݰı
ľңð
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һĥĳ
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Ȼһ£ңͺˡ
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ݰԼ˵Ӧȥģڤ簡

һĴ˵귽ŵĻݰɡŵϵĻˮ뿪
ټ󽫾ֻʣңһˡ
Ŀ⴩Σ¯ޱã
ϢңȻŲԶЦ
ݡǡ
շ߻ӣ˿һ߶仰һߵײײ򽫾ȥ
Ц⣬뱯еĿ̫䣬⾹Ȼûһ˸ǰס
ݡǡ磬ȥҩңһߣһ߶ţҵˣĶͽˡ
ݡ
һ죬İնһŽµˣһ߶ǴδĲҩӣһֻͷӬĴţʧ˳С
˵ȥѰҲҩˡ
ͬһ죬׻ʵּǰĻӵֳ׵׵شӻɾ˸ɾ
Ӵ䲻лңֻʣһ֪ȥѰҩˡ



59 ˹ʾ
ߵ֮ ˻صء
˹ģҲֻʣ¡
һ뿪 һҲٻʱĳˡ
˵Ҳסڿ뿪֮󽫾 ָֻ˴ǰһ˵ӡ
統һʱ򣬴󽫾߻Ĳݴȥưܡġڶתתʱȥƺһ»صԭ㡣
ֺҲزԭ㡣
󽫾 Ѿûˡ
ʱһȥļֻҲɲ֮䡣
תǼ֮

뿪ǵʱǻʵ۵ݰԽ͵˳⡪ǰ
һ뿪ǣ Զ֮ Ľ㳹׷ס˴š
ͬǰģռųһǡ
񽫾ûˣ ö֮ΧҲߡ
ʱһǶ˵ɭֲ Ǹĵط
Ȼû֪ ǸӦסڻ¹ľ𣬾ȻҹԲۡ
ֵʢʱڣ ǰһֱ꣬Ȼͣˣǿȴʪճ˾Ǳһ ԺҲԸ
ϣ Ƕ
˶ڼӣ ŸմˮıһɫӰȴҹӻ¹Ŷ󽫾ڵķȥ
ĳϣһټڸ˭ݰĵһ
ݰ飬ʱѾ֪ظ˶ٱ飬·ϤĲϤ
ݰˣ̲סؽ۾㱼䣬ֻص˺ܶǰǸʱҲڷǣԼǻڶԷϾʱȥ
뵽ݰ̲סüŬԺл䵱ĳ
Ǹʱ򳤽ӦҪڸЩɣ
֣ǻڽǰԼеʱݶԼȾơ
ȵȡϣ뵽ݰȻ۾
벻ɵǣݰѾ󽫾ſڡ
һ£ߵ˰ɫԺǽߡҹ׵Ļʯһ㣬ṦԽ˸ǽԺ󽫾һݶϡ
Ѿаգʱ䣬󽫾ǺںһƬȥɭֲ
ݰȻһ㣬վһᣬȻЩãü
磿ݰûסؽһ֡
Ȼҹôļžû˻شĺ
Ʋ֮Уէһۿȥ󽫾뵱̨ͤ¥̨ͤ¥󣬿ǵȴˡ
ݰһǵˣȻһ̣ȻҲãݰ㱼ãǻĳһһ
ҵ硣
󽫾ʱ򣬼ӲȥݰǻԺ䣬ݶ϶һ
Ȼһݰȴƿš
ͷһȥģ統סķ䡣
š֨һѾʼľʵűݰ˿˲лҳſ䣬ݰһ
λнľ֮𣬴ʱȴûпԼͷĻҳһûж࿴һۣ㾶ֱ򷿼˽ȥ
ʵ¹⣬ݰ￴˲Զ鰸
Ѿ뿪һ˵ټĸҲҪ˿ܶάġ
Ȼոߣݰ˲ԿҪԶŵӡȻôʱѾȥװ裬鰸ϻδߵĲյȻ統ڵʱһģһ
ϸܿѾɾˣһЩûбߵľʰڼ澹ȻѾù
ݰûпһߵ鰸ϣ豭
ݰǵá糣õıӡ
һЩɵˣϲصĶϲġȤ⡣Ծڷյ˲ٷͣҤڵĴ֪˶٣õǸȴʼնǵشġ
ݰﲻΧֱۣ˰ǰ
һ£̲ססؽԭ鰸еı
һ̣ݰ۾սǱӣָܵǰ͹ƽ̽·
㱼䣬ݰǻص˵꣬ص绹ڵʱһ
ǸʱԼĹ
𲢲ˣȴһɺŵ

ڴʱݰȻһ۾ʶʱԼıǼⲢûʲôζеֻľĸ֮ĹϢ
һжˡ
¹⣬ݰʶ׿ȥ
ʱһξҺûУеֻǡһ㡣
硭
׻ʵ۵ָһ̲ԭܹȱ֣ʱȻвһССıӡ
ʱ̣Ǳ̽𱭾ݰй䣬ˤ˰ϡ
紵صĴʣݰ⿴ʱֻԼһ˵Ӱ
һУΰɢ
Ҳˡ
մȨƽɽݰȴ޼ҿɹĺӰ˵ϣԼϥǣôĬһ


60 
׻ʵݰ ʱսºպս˻ʵ⣬һʷĽ졣
ʷĻʵ۲һǣ ݰƺں˶ԼĿ ݰʱĹ¡
ڽֵβ Щ¡
Ϊݲ⣬ ʹðǿء
ֵģ ֻݰսµĹ£еʱҲ˵ӵʱݰӵһǸʱ ¹ ֻһݰｻá
ǵϣȲĵˣ ýһΡ
罫ʶʱ ὫʲôոĴ󽫾Ǹʱ󽫾ףոɳϡȵ۱㽫Ὣĸ һӵ˻¹Ǹʱʶġ
˵ɤźܴ ټݰﲢйص飬 ˵ʱ ޼ɵ
˵˴Ҳ벻 ʱ֮е˹ݰҲһҲ¥ϡ
һҲ¥󽫾Զ ڸߴ ڲݵ㣬׾ܿۡ
ݰеʱ Ҳĵ һ裬 ֻΪԶ󽫾һۡ
ԭЩ˵ʱݰﲢûд˼ûϸİôġǵ硱һݰһ¾ͽһֱŵ̧
ͬΪ֣վݰߵ̫̲סһüǰһҪȥЩס첻Ҫ˵ȥ
һ̣㱻ݰ
ʱշѾȥ˺ܶꡣ
ڲ֪У쳹µġ硱֣Ҳ𽥳ΪʷϹһҳ
˽ݰĹȥΧͽС΢Щɻظ˾䣺ԭ罫Ѱ
ϣĴᣬٲһ䣺Ϊ󽫾ȥʱʵ̫˰ɣܾͱ²һʱء
˵󣬵ȴĴݰĶߡ
ղ̫ǺԼûݰЩ֮ǰͽ
¥ϱ̫ࡢŮҲ׷׵ͷ޲ýԴ
ȻȺղŽõˣ̫ݰ֮巢ʲô
ǻʹκһ˶֪ݰ˵ǳһ
Σһݰǰ硣
ȻûԼᣬ˭뵽ȥһ¥ȻݰĹϵأ
ɲǴ˱ô
Χ˷׷׵ͷҲҳһ
û˸ҿݰϵı飬Ƕһϸڡ¥´֮ⷬݰԭϵָ΢һ£Ŀ˸
·˵û⣬˵ƺҲ仰ʲôΪ˵ĵȷʵ˵ʱѾ̫ݰȴһֱǴ׵ĻʵۣǵУݰľͬһʱһ
ܰݰҪȻͲ࣬ҪȻǱȱСء˵Ӧһˡ
ǰ
˵ĻݰҲһ¡
ǳǣʱողǸ˵ĻݰѾʱˡ
ʱƺʲôܹӰ쵽
ֻǺһ˵ĻȴһСʯһһҽݰƬˮ̶зһȦһȦ
˵ûдԼͬˡ
񡭡
뵽ݰ̲סͷһǰⱭѾĲյ
ͷȻûһ׷۽ҲûʲôƣȴѾһ˵ˡ
ݰһۣǸ磬ȴԶʱģ
һ֣ͻȻݰÿֻš
ԭڲ֪УѾôԶ
ֻǿռϵģʱϵġ
ݰʱ仹ڼڳ죬˥ϣڼ
ȴѾʱ䣬ֻݰԼ˵Ļ֮С
뵽ԭǰݰ͵һվ
һ仰Ҳû˵ûбֳ˼ǸղѾǳŵ̫໹йŮ̹˵ϣ̲סͷ
ʵ˵ݰЩѹûô˷Χġе˶
һ
Ⱥ˵ӣݰֻһۣûҲûоʵûϢ
ΪʱݰͻȻ뵽һǳҪ顣
û˿ɣݰһǳϸĻʵۡ
ϸ֣ѾˡĴ׺̣ͳǰδеİͼݰҲ˵£һûʵۡ
˵һʵϣӦ÷ǳŶԡݰȴֻԽԽã
һʼʱһмڹϣзæɢԼע
Ӵַٵĵ۹ѾûʲôֵΪͳߵݰȥʳˡ
ֱڣݰȻһ뷨
ָ£ֻһ̣Ǹǰ̫ڲΡΡվߵݰߡ
¡СĽһݰ
ݰص˵ͷȻߣһھĲ裬վԼߵ̫˵һ£Ҫȥء

ķǣ£ûһ˸ΥݰԸ
Ⲣ̫ݰĻ֮΢һ¡
Ѿܳʱ䣬ݰﻹǻӵʱ̫ڻ¹
Ȼ֪ݰʱȥ򡢱߽֪ݰҲ磬Ĵս
ݰѾǵǸˣһ֮뿪ȥδҲ̫˰ɡ
̫ԥݰһ˵ȥһ¡
ϣֻ̫øϽͷݰ˵һǡ
ʱ¥Ѿ֪ʲô⣬ͻȻ
˰֣ʾΧ̫๬Ůȫȥ
һֻʣһˣһƵݰﻺȡһöѾ塣
忴ȥһݰǳˣȴСġ
ݰ忴һᣬֹ˺þúþãŻػ˻塣
Ҳ֪߷˶೤ʱ䣬ֻĲʵЩʱݰҡȴҲˡ
ƵģݰﶼòôС
ݰѾʼģļ䡪ǰģ
ݰ׼ȺùĿĸݶǳ׵
Ȼˣֲʱ䡣
ڲ֪֮Уй͵Щ䣬Ѿ÷ǳģ
ݰÿ춼ҪԺнǸ˵òһ飬Ǽȴɳ©ɳһµš
ܿơ
ݰ޷ʵ硣
Ҫȥһ


61 
ݰС һϲԥˣһЦˡ黹йϵ
ȥȻ񣬵ǸղǸ̫࣬ ȴΪݰֻڸԼһ˵
ص¹֮ Ϳʼ֪ͨ׼ ٹ̶죬ݰҪ뿪ȥ߹ص飬Ѿ˳Ұ
Ȼ˶֪ ʵ뿪ȥأһΣյ顣Ȼݰľ ȴûܹס
ֹ죬ȥصɫ Ѿͣ˻¹ſڡ

ڲһȥصĺʱ
ȽϹ֣ߵһ·ꡢѩûͣ
ݰﵱȻҲſһضȥǰ ǽٶȷ
һʼʱ ݰҲһ㲻ͷ
ǺͻȻһ¡һȥǵʱ ƺҲʱ䡣
һΣͬ·˺ܴķѩ
Ϊѩһ
뵽 ݰ̲סһʹ ͻȻȥ롪û뿪أһֱڼĻǽһڲһɣ
뵽 ݰ̲סص̾һȥÿ Ŵ⿴ȥ
ʱѩ Ҳͣ˰ϡ
汾һ޼ʵƽԭ ʱֻʣ°ããһƬ
ô ֻ˾Ĵס
ÿͬʱеӰݰϮ
ûиоһȫûȥܵ˼
û뿪Ļ
һǣһڻڡ
ݰȻãһжܻǻ¹淢һУ˵һѡ
˵ˣ뿪صһ̿ʼŲɿƵķ򼱳۶ȥ
ڴߵĬĬսȭݰЩһֱΪʶԼһ˵飬Ҳһ¡
һ̣ͻȻôˡ
Ըʱ˻ص꣬粻ҪȥǣԸӲʶ
Ҳùڡ
ݰ·ϣ
һ磬һöҲҡ
֪ǲݰãܾҲһЩ˼֡
Ѳ壬ҲΪصض
ݰﻳ磬Щ꣬ȴδǰ磬ûнй֡
һ˳壬ݰﻹ̲סгǸ֡
硭
ʱ
ǲȥص·ϵȴԼҡһѣ
ݰڴʱĬĬڴ᲻Լ
ȻʧǣشһƬžѩԭ
*
˺һĳ;棬ݰһڵյĿĵء
ڴ֮ǰصǸ죬Ѿõ֪֪ͨݰҪ׼ӭӵĹ
ݰȴûˡ
ʱܵ͵ȳӹݰſһװĿĵضȥ
ʱʱ֡
һ·Ϸѩľȫͬõˡ
ʱһֺգڻ³ֻһҪڵˡ
ߵƲҲʣĹȾϺɫġ
֮ϵɳҲ˽ɫʣ˽۴˻֮ϡ
һжôǴǰһ
ݰ֮ǰûＸΣڣǰһĻȻҲҲһϤĸо
һϲء
ݰسͣ˺þúþãȵɫʱųȥ
ڽسŵһ̣ݰ̲סͷǴļֿһۡ
һƹ⽫ɫݰʶԼػĵط
ݰﱾֻ⿴Ȼ벻ǡôһֱûʲô仯ķǲһر仯ܴưܡȫͬ
ݰ￴ʱϦѾɽֱߵķȫ˵ƣͷ֯
һסݰʱ׵Ĺϵʱ䣬˫ղŴһ̡ߵҵҲǶˡ
ֻҪܹ뿪ˣ취ԭȥ
Ѿȫͨûҵ򡱵š
ݰڽŵһ̱㷭ǣƥɫĿųֵһĿȥ
Щˣ˽ݰĴ׹ٻ˽ȴݰԡ
ΪһʵۣԼԣӦ÷ŭ߸еŶԡ
ڣݰѾŶģȻȸԾ
̲סʼ롪ʱҲɣ
ԣȻŴӴĮһζ
سġ
Ҳֻĵطˡ
˵ڷǵʱ򣬾;ءֹߡ
û¶Ҫһ£߱Լļʲôӵģһδȥ档
ǴϲԼļ硣
ǸʱĻȻ˵šáϱֵľϲҪ￴ģмأ
ݰ֮ǰһɫñ
˵Ĵǹ죬ڷǵĻһͶĿ⣬ԶԶĶ㿪
زһ
ûһ˶࿴ݰһֻۣԼ顣
ݰЩҲûʱɹ
ǣڳ֮ϡ
ݰһԲع۲⣬ֵ룬ȴ
ݰͻȻڡԼû￴һ
ʱأԭӡ
ݰһǰߣһر۾򽻸ֱߵĿҲ˵Ⱥ֮С
ΧİԣĿݰﾹȻãʱ䵹˵꣬˵绹ڵʱ
۾ĵһһĽ֡
ֻĿߡ
ֱ֪˶ãݰߵС
Ҳ۾ųֿȥ
ʱ򣬡ֳݰǰ
ɵ͵дɣһ㶼ԭĵطҲ䣬¶һƬںڡ
۴ĸǶȿⶼһȵ͵Ĳٵ͵š
ϵ֣ȴһ˲ݰļ䡣
ʱصȻµĽݰﻹǵЩѾ˲ٽˡ
ȻǵǸ󽫾һһҲкܶûסˡ
Ҳ´ɣ֮ûסԭĵطڳǽԼһլԺ
ĵطͻȻ
ݰȻûּ˲סǻǷǳĬؽط
һеһжͣ˵ꡣ
ͣڵʱ
˵Դһ̲ס󽫾ںݰľҪȥ
ö֮Ҳϰˡ
ǽգߵݰȴƿŵûˡ
һɫţþò
ֱһһˡ
˴һɫĳۣԺβȥ˻벻ؼǰߣվſڵݰһ
£ʧԶӭ
ֱһֱݰ̧ͷ˿ȥ
һ̣ǰһƵ
ݰû뵽˾Ȼĵܵ硣

ݰӡ֮У绹һСģ
ټʱ򣬶ԷٲȻѾǸˡ
翴ȥȣ绹Ҫ곤һЩ
״ݰﲻɵöһ£ʱԭѾô
̲סȽϡȻ񣬵˵ȴȻͬ
̫죬ݰﷴ˵𾿾
ֻһѡ
ȴ˵Ը񣬺͵ҲûʲôǰǲǴ׵Ļʵۡ
ݰûиԼػҲ벻ǰȥ
ͬʱݰĿ⣬һһǰҡ
˵¼ȻѾȻҲҪĸף濴ˡ
˵仰֮ǰȥƿԼҵļš
Դ˸еİݰﲻͬǣСﳤ󣬶Щ꣬ȻסǰĽĻҪһ¡ʱʱʰһԺӡ粢ı˴ɨ
ҪڵĻ벻ǡЩ꣬Լ͸ĸСԺȫʰġ

Ҳ˵ɨһС£ʱݰﾹȻҽš
ǻûеܾĻ˵ڣǰ磬ѾƿţҽſڴλøԷ˿
ݰĿ⣬ڵǰͥԺͶȥ
һ˾ޣûʰ
˵ŵһطѾкܶûдɨˡ
Ȼ·ÿһλؼҵʱҪߣʱˣϻǶһ㱡ɳһҪӡһӡ
ǰĳ̲סһ£һֱһڴɨġظɳĮֻҪз紵ɳӣʱ˾Ͷ˵ϡ
Ļݰ˵ͷ
һͥԺ֮жȥ
һ̣ҲĶ
ݰǵã˵ĵһҲԼ˵
Լ˵طɳĮƣϳһɫıɳ¹һգɳӾͻᷢɫĹ
һ̣ѩػҪ
ͬһ飬˵ȴȫһ
ôİء
ڲ֪֮УԭĮһеݰҲѾһءҪǰ硣
ݰСǰȥ
ϧǣôСģӡӡ˵ϡ
ݰ̲סü
ãԼĵܵǸûûСܺӣѾˡ
˻ʵݰüͷ绹ǽһ¡
ȻʲôʵۣʲôǡЩȴǸǰǳԷ֮ǰиԼһҪݰùϵ
Լǲǽˣ绹̲סһ䣺£
ͣһ£ֶ䣺Ļ˽ʰһ£ٽ
ˡһݰشĺܿ졣
ڲͣٵǰȥ
ڴʱݰﻹרɳӶıȽϺĵطߣԼĽӡӡ˴󽫾СԺ֮С
ȫ㲻ݰҪʲôԷĶ֮ʶſҪסݰһϢ֮ʶԷڵݣ㽫û˵ڵĻȫʻɤ
ˣʵҪʲôԼܹܵ˵ģ
ϴֻиܹɣ
뵽磬ݰ
ĵȷȷ粻ͬһˡ
ݰ̲סȥ룬ҪĻһֹԼɳӡ
Լһ𣬽ӡӡ
һ죬ǻ¹ﲻЦĻʵۣһԼݷǳϵ顣
ɳӣԼ㼣ӡ˴󽫾
ݰһһߵļ
Сţзɽˮ
ƾĶۣһλصĴ󽫾ȻһҲСװ裬ǵĸۡǲࡣ
кܶྰڿݻݰжһЩʡȴޱϲΪõĵط
ȻľҪؼһˣÿζֱĿĵأҲǼСԺȥ
Ų£ݰӦҲȥĵط
ǶԷһܹ֮鲻ܴݰĲ߶ԷСԺһɡһֱĬţһ߸ݰıһһ԰תһȦ
ͷǲһ
ߺֲ꣬ٶҲȽϵˣȻѾܶûסˣ̨ͤ¥֮Ļķϳ̶ȣȴԶԶȲϻʶ
ҪǺԵϺɳӣɫʲͬ¥էһۿȥĺʹǰ̫ࡣ
һˣǳĽ̸
ߵ֮Ҳ̲סݰ˵鷿Сʱ顣
ԭΪݰﲻشԼĻĲͬǣԼĻ֮Ϊʵ۵ݰﾹȻתúòԼҿȥ𣿡
ݰ֮Ͻͷ˵Ȼ¡ǰȥİ˿
Ȼ׼ſһɲǣкĻҳ
ݰҲ
ס˺
һҲΪǻҳò̫Уڻ֮䣬ݰԼξ֮С
Լߵ磬ֱߵ˷֮С
ʹģݰߵ˷һ౦ߡ
£һࡱֻû˵꣬ݰָͷѾľͷϡ
ˡ
ϾҲصˣݰûʲôη֮ġ
ݰѾĶϣ粢ûкͷ̫๬Ůһ캰ءûпһĬĬƿ
Ҳûʲô뿴Ϳɡ
Ȼͬͬĸֵܣݰо˵Ը񣬻аöһϲ赶ŪǹһҲϲд֡
һ鷿ĺ̫鷿浽׶ڷʲôֻ֪ܶ廹бᶼ統ġ
Ȼݰ뿴Ǿ͸ɡ
ʱݰȫûʱȥ絽ںʲôʲôעȫŵǰСϡ
Ӧõġ
ݰ￴ǲӵķɷŲͬ峭ʫ
˵ȻҲĶô˵һ㡣ݰӦȤŶԡ
ڤڤ֮Уݰֻ
ʵ̫˽ˣݰܹǰЩϵ壬Ҫ統ڷǵʱԵóһ
Ҳ˵ؼ֮о̵ļ϶дġ
ݰԭǡδ˽ϲʲôʫֶϲʲô顣
ܹƽѡõʫ֮УһĻôʱ꣬Լһ㡣
֮⣬ʱ䣬Ǹ᲻ͬζ
統оʱʫУҲܸܵһЩʱɡ
ݰָͣһ£׼֮ڽᷭ˿
ѩߣƽɳçç졣[1]
ʫ練д
ݰʱҲһʫ
֮䣬ֳݰĶߡ
ޱȸӣ඼Եľʹ
ݰһֱԼһʹˡ
Ȼ޷мܵĸо
ݰһǽһҳ˹ȥһʫεظ֮ϡݰ龹Ȼһֱӿһҳ
Ҳһֱ̣ӺݰͻȻͣеĶ
վܵǰ˺Ȼ
ݰıӰ΢΢ǿ˺ܿµĶ
¡һ仰û˵꣬Ϳݰһ
һԭݰ䱦һеᣬӿ׹ݺݵ˵ϡ
ݰﵽ׿ʲô
类ݰӦһ
һߣݰһߵһر۾
ãʱԼܹ
־壬ηɻ

ݰѾܾûйôˡ
ڣЩȴеĳСԭѾûʲô꣬ҲĲ
ݰﲻòŬ
ȥСĽǶ
ݰûһһŬһ߽鷭һҳ
һҳдһʱ䣬ݰԲǴʱӦ뿪ǣص·ϡ
Ǹʱ绹ֻҵĴӶѡ
ûʽϹս
һеһжûпʼ
ȻһʱĻ
ߺոʮĹͬ꣬ݰƵۡ


62 ټټ
һʱ䣬 Ƿһ¡
ԡֻӦ˵һС顣
һʼʱǶΪһ¡
ϾΪʵ۵ݰ뿪ȥأĸ濴һӰش顣򵥵˵ ȥһҲף ݰӦûϺóһʱŻ
벻ǣݰȥûж೤ʱ䣬ֱӴظˡ
Һȥʱһǣʱż ʲôںһ
ݰﵽҪʲô
Ѱգǳϵٹ٣ȫ󲻵ݰھʲôҪôżȥ
¾֮УѾûδյˣ ݰ﾿ʲôǣҵأ
ԭΪҪܾòܽȻû뵽ǣ ݰȥ֮󣬱ֱһȥ
ţ ǰޱҲ׵Ļʵۣ Ȼһ¡
ݰ￪ʼѰʵ

ݰһ˼˻᲻ڱ̸Լˡ
ȡûλģ ѹܣʲô̸۵Ļ⡣
ˣջ˵ĺͯ˶֪ݰﵱʵҲǴȨλ
֮⣬ȴҲûôĹǸԭ̫ӡ
֮Уֻ֪ԭ̫ޣʱûбɷţ û紫Եˡ
ʵʳ֮С
ֻǱݰ
ʧȥɹȻһܿµ飬 ȻĴȨնݳ ԼĶɱԳײ󻼡
˵֪ʵ˶˵Щ˱ȽݰȷĴˡ
ֻԼ֪ݰһĴˣҲԼĴ
޲̫ӵһ쿪ʼ㱻ݰλڻʳǱԵ
һ޵ֱ˵Ϊ޽ġ
ʲôɮˣеֻԼˡ
޵ճҲһÿի𡣶ǡ
ݰﵱȻĶĴο磬ԼΪ˾ˡ
ʵǣݰｫ̫ӵĹ
ÿһҲԼҪʲôݰÿһ춼дһѾĵ֣ȥ
ԻΪ
ȻЩĲ㳭дġ
һʼʱÿҪдʮ¾顣дĻ㲻ܳԷ˯
һʼʱҲ᲻Сſ˯ţÿÿʱΧ𿴹˱ˮѡ
ûа취ӦĽࡣ
ΪһжҪʱݰĿֵ¡
֪һвһʼѡ
ӴҪܳľԽԽ࣬ÿӦݰͻ롣
̶̼ʱ䣬޵Ѿֳдɵľġ
ЩдֽϵľѾܳһСɽԶԶȥ׳ۡ
ԭõȥǳޣҲ֪ʲôʱɣĲ
ʱ˯߲㣬ͷһ룬ȦںڲҿƣһҲǸµ̫ӵˡ
ں޵˶ϲһֱĵˣǵµޡ
ҲԼݡ
ʱˣȺ޵Ҳ޼ɵ
ǲôޣǾڵֵʱһġ
Ҫ֪Ѿ˺ܶꡣ
еϢ񱻹ҲеҪ֪絽׷ʲô
һʼЩص飬ǻǳΪЩ죬޺ü춼ûԼ
춼û˯һ
ѧΧ˵ԼעͶֵҪдĶϡ
һһܳⶫȻĥˣóϵǡ޵Ҳһĥ֮Уó
ΪԼѾ鶼ٹĵʱһһԼ˶ͬ˵֪𣿱һֱڸת˵ҪѰʵ˵һ»᲻Ҳ£
˵˺ᣬȥֻʮӡ
ǣ͵꣬ݰǷǳݵġ
Ȼ˵Ϊݰ﹤ȴûмݰﱾˡ
涼ڴݰѰʵ飬˵ȻҲ
û뵽ǣ˵ûеȵͬӦԼͿǸһֱڳ̧ͷԼЦһ¡
֮ǰǸһֱͷûм˵ò
ͻȻһۣһ
ֻΪ޿ȥǳƣΪü֮ǲƣ޷ڵĹ
ڻʼҵְȻҲһݵˡ
ĸĹԱŸףҲٵĴԹ
Ҫǣ֮ǰ껹ڹһʱ䡣
һ۾Ϳó޾Բһͨˡ־þλɵʣʱͿܹĥġ
˵˭
Ȼ
ȥǰЩ֮ǰҪһǡѵһҳЦˡ
˲ı飿۵ˣ׺ݡ
ôҲһ/ˣȻ˵ûϹսǾӪȷȥ˵ġ
һ˺׾ͻᱻϵɱŻȥ޲һˡ
ĻЦˡ
£óŪظһ顣žȻеı˳ȥȻվ
һŮ֣Ҳܵϡ¡𣿡
㣡
ɲֻǸղǸˡ
´ڿ޵ˣԼͬеĽ˳
ɲ֮䣬´һƬײ֮
Ѿֿˣ޵Ĳϡ
˿龰ѾŵУɫġ
ȥĵ˵ϵǰѵмЦһ˵ôѵ˵д𣿻˵ǵıѾһʷͿĨ˹ȥ
һֱݰһֱڳãݰѹô˵ĳ˭֪
޵ĻĶޱȵ
Цһ˵С֮ĶȾֲ֮ñءƾȻгЦµı£ĳĶɣ
ƾң
޺ȻЦһʼʱЦ
Ǵ˵Ķ棬ȴĴ̶
޵ЦЩ񲡣
ѹֶУһӶ
޵ԽԽԽԽ
µĴͷǳտȻЩص˶ǽЩˣкԶľ롣
޵γ˻һħһ˵ļš
Ҳڳĵļ϶ԼһһظȥһᱻݰбƷ衣
̫ӣֲ˻ʵ۵ޣȻ
ÿһҳģ͸Լһ顪ԼҪ̣ݰ⡣
ʱȻ棬ǲ㳹׵ˣķˣǲݰԸ
޼ֵڵΨһ
һ˱Ͼм޵ġ
ͨĿضڳЦԼڵ˼ޡһЦһǰߣʱΪ̫ӵ˶ѹ˹ȥ
Ǹԭ޲ϵĵҲһ¡
޵Ȼãһ̣Ȼȥֱӽǰѽˡ
Ȼ͵һ»ͷԼ鰸ȥǶѻɽľġ
Щ޻ĴûʱͷЩ
֪Լԭڲ֪֮Ѿдôࡣ
Ѱʵظһĸ֣ȻЦøˣôݰھԼǸʼѰɰݷ𣿡
˵仰˷Ӧ޾ͺݺݵһԼдĵ鰸˹ȥ
鰸ϵ̨ī֭ॵĵһء
´صţԵøⳳ֡
޵⿴Ǿ֮ĬĬעλƹڤ
ҧгݵ߶ţݰҲʶδҪȥڤİɣôȥڤ硭ȻҪȥϵġݰЩΪԺܹ𣿡
ʱ޵ټ졣
Χ˵ʲôİ£һ㡣
ʱЩԭŻڷӦ˹
ɲɵǣＸ翪ʼޣ֪ݵ˽òڡ
ʱһˣֻǴǰǰԼ˵޵ݷǳһ㡣
ޣᴥݰùͷǰһý͵ػһ޵ĺ󱳡
õľ󣬵޵һһظ֮еٽ硣
ֻһ£޾͵ˤ˵ϡ
ʱĶޱǱȴЦ
ҲʱԭŵĴźȻ˿
ƽǴŸһֱֻáΧ˳붼ߵǲš
ſһɲǣڵ˶µ飬ؽͶš
˵ע֮£޾˽
ݣ¡֪˭ôһ
ɲ֮䣬´͹ˡ
ݰôʱ
ĳֽ˶һ
ЩʱȽϳˣȻԼޱȵù֪ʵһӵѰʵôʱ
ЩΪݰᴦǵʱȴݰӹһصֱ˹ȥ
ݰ߼ߣȴſڵϡ
йݰﱳĵŴ˹˶һԻ͵Ľߡ
һݰﲻһˣǸϵo
ȴǱſ
ԭѾԼǷǱǷûˡ
ȴǲԸݰǰ䡣
ԼݰλãȻʵĪغϡ
ݰǴ׸߸ϵĻʵۣԼһĨȥ˴ڵĽ
ȥصڵذһ£Ҫ
ǣʱݰǰһһŲϡ
һһ¡
ݰĶ˶һ
Ȼ֪޵ݣҲ֪ݰ޵굽ʲôϵ
ݰĶѾ˸ǡʵ֮ǳˡ
ԣһǳˣ
ȻݰǵľŻûн
޺ݺݵĲһţ̫ӵޣҲ̲ס
һУݰ˵˼벻֣ôˣ̫ӵ£ô
̫ӵ£
ʲôǰ˾Ȼ̫ӣ
ݰȡûλԼݰ֮ǰһ̫ӵڷܡ
ǴҶã̫Ѿˡ
û뵽޲ûһֱʼ֮Уһһĳдžġ

Щ޵
ڲ֪ݵʱѾǳˣ֪޾̫ӣǸǾԼԴѾϡ
ݰĶôãͨôԴӦˣοǰˣ϶֡
ˡ˵ֻ⼸֡
ȻݰﲢûȺ˵˼
ؽŴ޵˿ȻŶԷ֣ƺЩźǿϧˣСĲȵ̫ӵµ֡Ҳ֪δ̫ӵҪôд
Ѿһ仰˵ˣݺݵؿݰ
ֻݰС˵ѾҪˡ
㣬ʲô˼ǿʹò˵
һΪԼѾȻһݰ޺ȻԼû֮ô¸ҡ
Ȼǰˡ
ݰɱԼ
ݰﲢûش޵⣬ɨһǰĿ䵽˺ѻɽľϡ
Щȫһһдɵġ
Ȼ޷ǳݰҲݰԼĳͷô˵ЩЩµۻԼԷǳҪ
ݰﳯԼСɽȥ޺Ȼ
ʲô̲סҧгݵʡ
ݰһξȻӦһޡ
ֻݰﻺҡҡͷȻַŶͷһһ˵Ҽǵõ꣬ǵҥɡ
ҥԡ
ոһյĳдģ޲˵귢顣
ݰ𡪡ʱ紫Լԡ
ݰ˵Ѿǲ̫ˣҺǿǵáǵ£겻һĻô뿪ǣ
ݰ˵ȷѾǲ̫嵱귢顣ݰԺ֮УֻǵദĵΡ
޽޵УݰֻöԷһп޵˶ѡ
°ܽݰĿɶˡ
Ļ޵ĳĬûд𸴡
ݰﻹڿСɽҲ֪׶೤ʱ䡣ݰڷ˹һ
תȥָһ˵л𣿡
һ¡µǣȻûлΣյĶġ
˲شݰҲˡֻȥ˰ڣȻ˵Щӹ
˵仰ݰתЦһ£Ȼ󡰺Ľ͡˵ĪҪģֻǿⲻϲдģ⼸곭Ҳ̫ˣŲ̫£Ҫѡ
㣬Ҫʲôһ̣޿ݰѾǿ־ˡ
ҪŲȻոһϵʹټ
ʱݰشޣôȻҪ㡭һһŵİյˡ
һ̣޾ԼһЦ
ЦǱðѪ
ңҪң
޾ȻʱվصĴߣһָܶݰ˵ΰңҵܹ㡭
ݰûн޵ĻԷȴֱ˵ݰ֪Ҫʲô𣿼ȻĴʵôӦҲ˲ٵɡվ˵ģҳôණȻһڤȥǻȥġ
һһǰŲʱѾ˻⡣
ЩһһдĶľݰճ˻ҽ
ӳǵա
ͬ˵ΪҲ֪㵱ʲôʵѾ˳ֻϧǸʱȵѾȨѾС
ݰüë
˵ΪҲЩѾûôҡҪ硭㵱顣
ݰҧҧûޣʶԷҪʲô
ȴ棬ֱӽ˵
Ҫ磬㵱ܹ֮뿪ʹʵʲô⣬Ҳʲôˡ
ЩѾ֪Լ˵顣Ϊʵۣݰѡնݳ
Ǻ޲ý޵ͷ
Ѿˡ
˵Ҫ㵱һѻĻʹ¡
޵Ļû˵꣬һ͵İγ޵š
Ѫ䡣
λ̫ӵĸֻ֣ݰĶ
˵Ѫծۡ
㣬Ǽġ
Ǿµһ̣ȴݰﳯԼЦһ£ȻĶ۵ؿԼ
˵Ϊֻһô򵥣
ֻݰЦһ¡
Ȼֻܹͬ˵ټģˡ
ټģ硣


63 
һƽ٣ ھ˵ƺѾΪңԶĹȥ
ͬΪһ£λÿȱЩ ½ɡҲ
Ȼ ҪǡȻѾ ôҲ̫ӵġ
ʱȥǸĺӣ ڳΪһۡ
ʽλӡ
ԭƽľ죬ҲΪ¶
С˵ һƽ٣ѾΪңԶʷ
˵Ǽµ˵ҲҪһ¼׽䷭ƪ
ⳡۼλ䣬ʢǰ
ϵĴСڴˣһҲ䡣
-------------------------------------
˵ϵɣвٶǴӷģ 巴е
ѾҲѾûзɵҹ任ʱеġ
죬ʱ
ʮعѾǴСɹ١
˵ǰЩȥٵɾǣ Ѿλˡ
һҲ
ȻȻ
˵ӦǸղŴ½õĵɣУԾȺľ֮⡣
һ±ɾĴ ֪Щ˶Ҫ˺ Χ˱
˵Щ Զ һϳһЩЦһ£ 뿪ЦƵ˵ô㼤ˣҸ㣬 һλҪҪιȥˣ
˺ظͬʱ̲סšԼ伤ʵϻ֪۵ļλʽġ棬۵ǰѵб۱˸Ҫġ
ŵû˵ֻ̲סŴ⿴ȥ
֪ڳ˶µһ棬ϴ󣬾ǼµУ⣬һ˸Ҫ
Ǳڤ

ˣĲͬһȥ𣿡
칬ڣģڰǰЩɥʡ
ĻǸߣڵʵʵڽߴŲ
ֻҡҡͷ˵ȥɣҲôϲֵĳ棬ȹһȥ
ðɡ΢һį˵仰֮ڻǸΧһȥ
תְۣ
ǸߵˣʱһŽһֱѹϵŲ˿
ɲǼ䣬Ӳӵġߡֱǰ
ͣһҳս䵽ⱾСߡһϡ
ߺոʮĹͬ꣬ݰƵۡ
鰸ǰ˱۾һ仰ͷβһ顭˵Ǳһ顣
Ͼһ仰ѾϤĲϤ
͸ߴ˳ȥƵģֲôеĸоǴξһ
ʵǰǱС֣ȴĲ
󣬲ԶվŵһӾ˺ð죬һǰһ
ԥ
ӵĻû˵꣬ڰǰ˾Ѿ̧ͷȥ
߿Էı飬Ȼһۣһޱȡ
ͷҧҧ˵ˣĲƭģʱڷѾʮ꣬ȻȴûȥһΣⲻҲż𡭡ԡԾ͡
ԾͽµĽ˾߰ĶһɸСӣƭһϷ
ȿȡ
Ȼǰ˻ص֮ǰӾѾյһУԺԤһһ顣ȻʱԷµʱΪ̫飬̲סĻ˻ȥ
Ǿˣңûʱ򣬴ߵȴĺ΢΢ȥһΣա
ûûУӸϽҡͷϡ
˵ͬһʱ䣬Ҳڽϵ߻ȡ
°ɫлٴϵϼӻ͸˹Ľϼɢϡ
˳֣֪ʲôƳɵ鰸ϡ
˳Ͽȥӵĺ̲סһϡ
ǰھڤ֮䣬Ȼֹһμǰˡ
ҲǷĶ̶̶ʮûȴǰ϶һִǰûеʡɱ֮Ҳˣҫۣ˵ۡ
һ뵽İɱ֮ӱȻ
ɶеڷġ
Ҫиմӷٻ˵ˣǰ˺һϳԼǰһλǷĴ׹ߺ磡
Ŀ⻺䵽ϣ֪Ӧ˵ʲôֻһ䣺𡭡
ţ
ûϵԷĻӦԼһ¡ֻһ䣺ȥ𣿡
ȻҪȥһ˵һ߻վüһ۰ϵ˵߰ɣվȲˡ
ע⵽ߵЩӣΪʲôõһֻʲôõ£ֻǵĲԸἰˡ
ţһѾߵſڴ
ŵʱܻߣڵ
߱鰸ϡ
ѵ˵
ӿڵӣ΢һɻȥһָ֣һűߣͺǱɵһ
ˣֻ뻻һ߰ˡ
ʱλѾҪʼȥˣλҲ𽥸
һȣʱûע⵽硣
ϵˣͺټ𡣸οǼǵãӦһ߲ŶԡԶԶ磬Ҳû˽롣
ҪǣȻҲɽ°׵һǽӲӵĴǼ򵥵˼¡
ϻֵʸ롣
ʱС׷ϽΧˡ
˵ţȴͻȻͣ˽Ų
ˣôˣӺ
Զһ£ʱ򣬻ȵһߣһǳ컪˻˹
˵ģȻʹģȴڴ˿̧ͷӭģûüߵ硣
˵˱ͻȻü첽
״ӿҪˡȴ˰֣ѹ˵أϵá

ȻȻ˼˵׼ν٣Ƿ¡ʲôԵġ
û뵽Լĵһ˾ȻǡǸС顱г裿
ӣԭҲǸСɣ
ҪǣԷڵģôԽԽͬԼµģ


64 ڤ
ڤġ𡱣 Ծ챾ͲǷǳ˽⣬˵֮ǰ缸ֻһйӴͱ˶Ϥ
Լ֮ һŴӶԷţ жϳһѾһλɾˡ
ʱڿ飬 飬 Ҳͬڴ硣
߹㴫Ķߡ
Ǹɾһģվһ̣ Էѹ˵ҲôĶߡ
ɾ
һ£׹鷽˵ġɾ ָӦþǴ״ǰ̫ޡ
ɽ磬 Ϊ̨ɾ
ӣ Ȼ֪鵽ʲôϵȴ֪ ҲǸղŴ½ġ
ڿı֮ ʶ²
ǰһ Ҫ϶ԷĻûеȵ죬 ˵һΪ治Ļûģ ȥɡ
飬 վǰϡ
Ҳ̶̼Ϣʱ䣬 ߶˺üˡ
Щ˿״̬ƺЩԣ ûǰˡ
ȻҪ֪ﲻǷ䣬 Ǿϣ ڴ˵ģ ÿһееɡ
Ȼûп ǽһпС
Ҳ˵ЩҲڰ͵뿴˴׷ʲô¡
Ųֹڿ飬ԷҲһ硣
˭֪ۼλӣμĪŻ
ֻͨĽۣȫݡҪǣϣûһ
ȻȻĽ統һˡ
⣬ΧЩҲͬˡ
ΪԹߵĽǶȰɣ˵Ļ֮Ƕ̲סһۡ
űȻż򵥣ȴǴûмľޡ
Ҫǣһ־þλŭʡ
ıޱƽֻǵĿԷһۣȴȫѹ
µǣԶԶΧ۵ǣҲһѹȸС
粻֪Щôģûȥ뷨˼ʱֻȤ
ͬʱ̲סһЩڡҪԼڴߵĻͲЩȤĵ˴򽻵ˡ
ߺһڷ˿ңޱȻԻ͵ĻҵǶڤԣȴֻǡһ޲ھļ䡣
ǵۡ
첽ȥͬʱеɫ㸲ϡ
΢΢üëӲǽеĻȥ첽ǰߡ
λñſںܽ粻ߵ˵⡣
ʱϵҲѾա
ͬʱ䣬ҲԼ󷢳һЦ
Ųһ١
Ҳ֪ǲǴͣ½Ųһ̣ںȻ
ʶ̧ͷŷ֡ԭͬһʱ䣬۵Ҳ
⣬Ż澵˴
ٱڵĽ֮У˿С
ֵһ̣Χ˶һλ仹ûʽʼڲӦó֣
Ȼ𾪹𾪣ڿһ̣һ
ɲ֮䣬֮бֻʣһڴˡ
ûпһԹԵؽǸɫߴϡ
һĻˣΪһѺ
ͬڵϵȴ̲סЦһ¡
һΪʶۣΪŲŴﲻ
ڷжô磬ھҲһˡ
һ̣ȴ˲һı仯
ֻ۳첽ȻȻϥ
ˣӦõһġһ˵
Цһ£һϲ˽ƽϵˣȻһ̣Ȼ뵽˷Ǹرꡣ
۵Ļ뿪ЦƵĻشһ䣺ⲻһλ𡣷һ¡˵ĻƺҪھͻڤȥ
ڤ磿
ɲǼ䣬ɫࡣ
Уһη֡
ܡ
ͬʱȴ֮һīɫһ̱㻯ɵ̣ߡ
ͬһ̣ߵľ޴ͭ졣
ߵ澻أڤ磬𵽡


65 Ǻ
統ǧ ϼˣҲȼ
֮ǰȻѾµ뵽۵ļλϣ Ȼ֮һ𾪡
˼뷽Ĺڵ
ʱ˿̣ ΰޱȵĴš
ıɴ۾
𡭡
鵽ײɵ ̼һСҲ½ٵģ һٵǣ
ʱڽ̻Իͣ ȻǰʲôҲɫɲǼò԰ޱȣ 촽һѪɫûˡ
ԼŶ˵ĵȥ
һ̣Ѿ˽š
ضıӰ ôעŶԷһ ߵλȥ
ʱ˶ڵϣ ûע⵽쳣
Ҳĸоˡ
Ȼ鲻ͬ Ŀбӣһ۶ûж࿴Է
۷¶˵ζʲô ˵ֻһμˡ
һһ̫Ĺȥ
ڽ֮ǰȷѾܳʱûʱˡ
Ϊˣ һ绹̲ס뵽֮顭
ھЩȥٵ֮У ˵һ
ϣ˵Ľ֡
ݰʵ ƾ跲ֵ֮ɣ 츣ظ߰㣬 ɹóۣ һвһٵġ
Ϊ һʵڷǳǰƹڤڤӱ߿飬ѾԷ˵һûȤ
ȻݰȴһֱɱԺ֮еˡ
ʵΪ̫񣬲ЩȤ
ֻҪһĸ֣ͻݰ
ϾҲĴûԷƾԼµһ仰ƽһԾ֡
뵽ϵ羹Ȼ̲סЦһ¡
˵ȻԼûдЩȴҲٵ˲ٻ˵Ϣ
Ȼ沢ûݰ
ѵ˵Լ֮ǰĲ´дݰﲢǾϵɡ
ȿȿȿȣררġ
뵽ʶԼڻ۵ļλϡһ£Ͻ飬첽϶ȥ
ת͵˴ߴת¿ȥֻһƬɫϼ⡣
۵һͷԷҲڽЩڵϵĴСվ
ʱϣûдӸղŵ֮зӦȴɹڵϣӰڴʱͻ
ֻע⵽Ҳ
ô⣿
˶ͬŵпŨŨɻ
ڲԶղٻ޾ڿ۵λáһ顣
ʶ꣬޻֪ʵϵ鱾ǲ½ٵġ
ûѡС
޶ꡪǰڵ˶֪ܡ
ˣڵ֪Ҫ½龹ȻҲһȥ˷硣
һǳΣյ飬һǻ𡭡
̲סһµ飬һٴνעת˻
ʶ꣬޻ǴûмԷôŵģ
̲ס˳Ŀ⣬ǰǸ˿ȥ
ʱ֮˶ˡ
Ҫ˶ĻڱѾ˿Ʋס¡
ʱ۵ֱߣһɫۣһģ̲סս˾Ʊ
ضǸˣŶԷ۲ϡ
ձȫǣ˵ָ״ȴС
̫ˡ
ǰλΪλ͡ô
֮ϵɣÿһ
עӲΣȻע⵽ˡ
˷۹ȥһλ𣬿Ǽ䲻òΪ
ֻ̲סüëһȻڣ󷽴һ졣
ܣⲻܡ˵顣
֪ٵû
һᡭ
鲢ٱǼ¡һԣֻӦٵԼʱ٣ȥδ١
ҲΪ߰ЩߣöԷҪ½顣
֪ȥٵģҲ͵ʱȺϷƭˡ
Щȥٵŵ˽⣬ַ£ȫǴǱΪƭдɵġߡϵģ
ǱȻдݡ
ǱʶãԼ˼硣ͬʱֿοԼ;Լһ˼ƽϡ
һжˡ
磬
ղżò͵˼ݺһµ˵ϡ
Ŀѽ
½٣źܴӰ졣
ĳ֣صش̼һ¡
Ǿ֮ϣȻʧȥǡ
ض磬̲סܣ㲻ȥ١
٣
ӣһΪϤ̲סǰһ˽ޱȽ˵Ǻȶô˺
𡭡ҵת硣
һ̣Ǹڳߡ
磡


66 ڤ
Ȼɣ ԵЩտ
һ硱ޱشÿһ˵Ķߡھڴ֮оþòĻصš
üվߵ۱ͻȻ˵䣬 ܹеģ
磺

۵࣬ǴĶߣȴ̲סر۾
⺢ӣô£
Ҳ˵Լܹеģ
Ҫ֪ ʱвԼһʱˡں޲ýļȫ Ѻ͡硱йص飬 ȫԺ
֮ȫȫǱˣһƲϵ
ڣ ȴ⵹ùֱӳˡ
ûнۣУҲһùӰˡ
仰һ ݿʼļ䣬Ҳͬʱ졣
¶ò£ һԼһˡ
磬 磿
 ԶһϤͬʱΧһ
ھϣ˵ֱĴˣ˵ڽ֮ǰɣ ûм֪硱ģ
ҪûĻ ̲סԼֵˣ þң
ʯ䣬 кȻֳһ뷨
װʶ
ǿѹеĲã΢Цһ¡ǱһĨЦ⣬һߵ۶̲ס
˽һֻ̣Цһʲô˼ĶһȤζ˵֣ѾкܶûˡǣԼи
Ϳռţ˵ʱרŽһ¡
˶ߵʱ򣬱Ե顣
ȻҲ磬˵
ڣǶߵʱ˻̲סޱö
Ȼǲͬǣǰʶңޣȴһؿ־С
һǶԲ硣ڡûüֲ
֪粻һҪԸ񡣵֮ǰѾ硭ôЩ鷢֮󣬻ͬİһأ
ҪǣһٸոսΪʲôҪ˵֣ѾкܶûˡǣԼôһ
ֵĺ񽫷ȫ˸ɾ
ĻҲһ¡
һ̱㷴ӦӦǲ뷲һǣ
Ǳһʢǵõı飬ŸߵҲӦʾһߵɹ֡
ڲԶ飬ҲʱӲȥ
ڡʵ֮еȻԾûдӸղŵĴ֮л翴ڱȥʱ첻źϺϣȴһֶ˵
״һ
ȻƢãҲûкõܹһеĳ̶ȡ
ֻԸһٵ°ˡ
һݣʢὫҪʼǰתȥװĿһ۲Զң
һۣң׹ѡ
ĿİǣǴʶһ㡣
-------------------------------------
֮ϵʢᣬڼ
ǰǰ̫ƽеĳԽ죬ۼˣȻҲ
˵ôǧ꣬ݼȻ˵¯࣬ƭƭ˻ǿԵġ
⿴ңͷβڱʱ鶼ǳԾ
״̲סһ
֮ǰʶ̨ɾ޲ͬңһɣǰ绹ûھϼԲô˽ңҲƭһ
ˣˣ
̲ס뷲µʱߵۣ̲סС˼¡
ţתʵôˣ
ˣһֱɹ٣ʲôҪԸ𣿡
ϵɹ٣ָıǲԶЩֵˡ
ʵ۱ǲ˵Щģʱ۾һԶɹ顣Ⱥ˱翴һţµĶ̲ס
ɹ٣۵Ļ̲סŷӦԭԼһֱʶؿȺˡ
ҪȺУҵ˭Ӱһ
ݰ
һ֣һγ嵽Ժ֮С
ԼһֱǰһȺɹУѰݰӰ
ΪͲӦһ̫ǣֻǵϽݹֻصɣúðʿΪ˽еķ˰һĺȥ
ģҲֻЩ
ǲܸԤչġ
ǸԼȻûھϼݰӦɡ
ΪԼѾԷ׵Ժ
ڣһѣ緽ʶԼûݰڻʶѰҶԷӰ
ûʲôͷȲ裬ڷһֻۣǺȻԼҲһλֵܻĹ˶ѡ
šһٶ˵ʲôӣ۵Ȼˡ
ʶԼŵɹٵ磬Ҳڽ˻
š̲ס͵͵ָҪݰΡ
һ˵ֱһ򵥵òټ򵥵顣
Ȼһ㣬ڷ˲Ծĵط
Ҳݰ꣡
üؽ߬
ڣѰҲݰӰ
ΪһбˣòɡصϺ󣬾Ϳûȥ뷲顣ûȥϸ쿴羿µġ
ֱڣں֪ʶ鲻̫Ծ
ݰ꣬ôʧأ˵֮ڣûΪڤ˵Ҳġ
ھɢߣѰһ˿Ϣ
ҲɲǼ䣬ԺȻֳһ档
ڤӱߣɵ˺Լһˮס
֮ķ飬һҲǲˡ
ھϵļ䣬ôֱӶ˴˴
ʵǸʱѾ߻ħ˵ΪԼʹ䣬ֱӻɢ
ٽĻص죬ԼҲǾ档
һδЩ˳
ʱ̲סȥ롪ԼڳڤӺ󣬱ȥ˷٣ôǺΪʲôݰأ
Լ½٣ǲҲй
Ӧ˵һй
ʵڽ֮ǰҲԼԼйĲ²⡣ֻһ̣Ǹǰѹŵ뷨ڳ׵׵
ٽжʱھҪڤһˡ

ϵἸղŻ
ֵʱλϵĬĬ뿪λá
ͬһʱ䣬ϵ⼸Ҳ˳ȥ


67 ֮
˵ͨˣ Ѱ˶ǲڶ֮ġǶΪ˵Ҳѡ
뿪ֱ֮ڤȥ
ֲѵľȣ ڤȴһȫͬ硣
ȿڤӣ Ϥľ֮ ź֪ʶԼȻֻصڤ
Ѿûлˡ
ڤ¶Ҫļ紺ľͲ١
ǰڤӵͬʱоһɴ̹ǵԼ ͬһʱ䣬 ̲סǸӰ
˽ʱģģ˯пǳһ
ʱѾصԭ壬 ڤӺϵļҲ֮ޱֻҪ΢۾ ܻʱĸо
ȿȣסס
Ѱ˵ļ䣬 ʱŶģ ȴǳˡ
ʱѾȥ˺ܶ꣬Ժеļȴûһ䵭ļ
֮ǰֻ֪ǲݰڵڤӱߣǰϤľڿʼǸ⡪һݰǸأ
뵽̲ס̾һ
е ȻһֱǴ߳ڴǰģ ʵڤʱ 󲿷ʱ䶼ǲߵġ
ǰĳ Ҳ𽥷
ʶϵժ
Ǹ߱ձժ㻯Ϊһʧָ⡣
ˡ绺ı۾ ŬŽһμԼԺ֮иϳȥ
ڵĵ֮ ֤ݰǲԼһƬ 
ʣµġȵʱ˵ɡ
ʱλã곣ڵһƬڤӺӰһ롣ȡ
Ȼû뵽Ȼ뿪˱Ƿ֮صľ죬ڤɲô
һ̣ոȡ
磺
ǲˣ
ôԼѾصڤˣأ
硭硭𣿡˵ЩɳƣէһޱϤͻȻ֮䣬ȴ벻⵽˭
ԭأȻ벻˭Ǵװɵôȥ
˵տʼֻɳдЩǼûлشֻһ˼ֿǻŨŨĲŵζ
ʱûʱȥ˼ԷΪֻǡҪԼղŲ߽ͺˡ
ʧʧߡ
Ժ߰һѶһֻڶ̶һ˲֮䡣һֱ̾ǰȥ
Ȼûеȵ˱һӽεץס
磬㡭ô
ϤĲϤȻȴû˭
ⲻӦѽ
ԼѾصҲδκβȱô˵죬ȴ벻˭أ
ˣǸϽװɵɡ
뵽ǳѵһĨ΢Ц˵Ǹҡ
Ļû˵꣬ϺȻһ¡
ǣ
ᡣ
㣬ôʱ˿̣米Ǹ˻һһظһ仰
ͬʱΪܵᣬ¿һۡ
һȥڷһ˵¡
˵䣬ԼһϤ
˽֪פڤ磬ǳ⣬ڤҲһҲûеġ
粻ڤʱдܵɳ֡
ҪûмǴĻǰ·ϵΣڤ硣
Ҳ˵ĿǰԼϽڤˡ
ˣ˵ǿԼװɵȴٲ
ˡѾԷ˳࣬żҲûʲôˡ
Щε̾һڻתȥ
һۿǽ
㡭ղѾˣԼҪװɵװʶˡǿ˵ĵһۣ绹̲ס¶һ¡
ҿԷڼûע⵽һ㡣
ԭˣ
֪ԼΪʲô˵죬ȴ벻˭ˣ
Σ
ɫôɢڼ档紵ڤӣںΣļͷһƾ
֮ǰƺڤӣֻص˼ԼϤĸҵء
ô£
ʱ˿̣ޱȺԼص֮ûйע¡
ҪעĻԼһҪú׼
ڣ̫ˡ
ǰڷʱ򣬺Σ֮дŨŨ
ڣڤĺΣûĿŻöԷϤȴ벻˭
źΣֻԶԶĿ磬ڵ棬òϸϸϸ˱
硭

Σ𼤶һʱ֪Ǻá
ʱ򣬺ΣȴվԼ绺Լ¶һĨ΢Цؽ֮г˳
Ȼ΢ЦעźΣʱ򣬺Σȴֻû䣬һûˡ
룬ϵ˶Ѿ֪ԼôֽǰסģΣһҲ֪
δ֪ԼھֱˣŻȥ
һ粻ͬڤȻеʱҲһЩȴʵʵڤ֮϶ǧ֮õġ
糯źΣ¶һЦɲ֮Σ͸ܵһϢ
ھվһߡɺΣȴãԼ֮䣬һڤӵôңԶ
ȻЦǺΣȴЦôı䡣
ô񶼽ҵˣźΣ˵

罫ֳȥ֮󣬺Σԭ
ֱ仰ǻ׹
˵ղǰ仰֮΢΢̧󣬽ԭӿµİɫڤˮһ㣬Ӻӵ֮з
һɫϡ
ϴ֣
ֻһ򵥡Ĳ񻰵ĶΣģȴһ̱ݺݵĴһ¡
һʱȻҲֲԼΪܡΪݡ
ΣԭǾһС츳ڣҲ˲űѡУ½٣ųΪһ
ڴ֮ǰΣûнӴ̫ɣԾڤ綼˽⡣
Ȼˣȴ֪һܹǣڤ֮ˮˣԱԼ
Ȼ
ϴ֮ˮ˻ȥʱ˵ñΪ𲻹ǲûлعڤ磬Ѿ˳׵׵ˡ
ڤ硣
ºΣٲ˽죬ٲ˽ڤ磬Ѿ֪˭ˡ

ڤˡ
Ǹ߸ϵ
һ˲䣬־ΣϮ˹
޷ԼΪʲô־塣
ΪԼ
Ϊ߸ϵݡص磬һԼһҲ޷ˡ
ν֮
Ҳ˰ɡ


68 
ǰ磬 ΪǳϵַڣԼֲҪĽ㵽ڤеġû뵽 ҲǶ̶̵ļʮʱѣ ôԼصڤ֮󣬷ôෲ£
ΣȻǱղŵĻŵԭء
ԷһĴ￴Լ һųŶԷûзӦ 첽ǰȥ
˷һ̣ ԼһƬڤӺӰ
ɫڤӺˮĴŹʯ᾵ˮյᵽϤˮ
Ȼͬʱ ʶȴ޷ѰҵϤӰ
ݰĲ
ʱ綼ûע⵽Լʱ ڴЩȸԾġڷݰﲻֻԼһ֮ ȴ޷ڣ ޷Եʧ֮顣
ݰﲻĻֻأ
ȻһЩ޴롣ôվڤӱߣؿűӿȥĺˮ һʱ侹Ȼ֪Ǻá
һĨû֣ ˣҲ
ֻ
˵ֻعڻ ʧӰأ
־ڤ֮ʪ⣬ ư
ˡôʧأ
Ǻô޷죬 ûа취ʧӡ
-------------------------------------
ʱڤӺˮ
һֱߵĺӣ ҲڴӾҵ
ˣΪʲôôż뿪죿ҪҪĺȻһھڤɣôǷôһ
˵֮󣬲ź֪˸ȻϽ۱Ҫʵġ
緽ŴӾߵʱЩżûüһ
һӣ绹Ϊæ׼飬ûע⵽Լ˭뵽ԷȻ
ûʲôڽߴڤ˻ĺӵͷ˵ֻǺȻһˣҪѡ
ʲôˣ
ĺɽȽϤˣӡ֮У粢ϲӵĽʡΪ䱲ֺ͵λߣƺҲûʲôѡ
ͻȻ˵ˣҪĺӵĶôô֡
̫ˡ
Ǿ֪ƢãҲûʲôӣĺӻǲЩǳ˽˵Ļ⡣
ֻص˵ͷվһ߲˵
Ϊڤ֮ճԷάڤת
Ȼֻ뿪Ｘʮ꣬ڤʱûʲô£һʱҲ֪ԼӦʲô
һ֮Щķҵ뿪
ȥڤԱ߲ԶԼȥڤڴ̨ת˷
Ҫ侲һᣬ˼·ȥ֮顣
ĺҲͰ˴Ľ䡣
ԭΪȥû뵽ǡԼոձ۾ûüתԶĴִ֮һ
üȻ󻺻۾
ˣҪҳȥһ𣿡ͻȻ۾ĺ֮ʵ
Ļֻ˰֡
Ѿо˭ˡ
ңΣޣôȫҵˣ
ڤһ̫ĵطⲢ粻
ʱ򣬷ŻھϵЩ˾ȻҲ
쾿ʲôӣ
ôһھϲμ۵ļλ䣬ȫԼڤˡ
ĺӵķȻܲĿ˾˭ȴҲԼԼĸо˵ǳǿӦǾŵ
ĺӻо
ƺ棿
⣬⾿ô£
ĺҲ˺ܳʱ䣬Ĵûмʶĳ
һֱǳƽ׽ˣƺû˵˵
ôһľȻȫڤڤӱأ
Ǽ粻˵ĺԥһ£̲סһ¡
ˣ
šһ㷴Ӧ
վ֪ڶĺ˵ǷʱĹˡ
ԭˣ
ĺӺôҲǿߡⱾˣⱾȻдԱȽϼԣֻ¼µĽ٣Լ˾ļ򵥲㡣ǿⱾ˶֪½Ƿǳ࣬һֱ˽׵ġ
Щ˿ڷйһЩɣ
סԼǸ˶ҪǸġ
ĺĲ̫룬µķҲûд
ĺЩʱڷԸ˵ȥһ۰ɣʲôҲ˵ֻͿͶѡ
ǣˣ֮ĺӸϽӦ
ȻҲ̫Щ굽׷ʲôĺӿǳʲôɣˣȷٳڤˡ
һֱǳĺӣ»һЩ
֮ĺӱ߳
ȻʶѾԼĪܵһ㣬߳ǰĳ֮ĺӻǱһ
һۿıŻң
ģңضŴңһԲȴûͣ
⡭ĺӶһ£߿ƿ
һᣬڰԼ׼õĻ˵˳λˣϵʢ绹ûн۱û뿪ʵЩϹء
ĺӵ룬û˵̫࣬ǻͿ֮Ѿ޷ˡ
ңĺӵĻµһ̣ͻȻݺݵĵͷڴİɫʯϿһ¡
ýĺһ
ʹã˵ͬʱϽһ
ĺһֱߣҲǴȥǽߵġ
ȻһֱĺӻԼλǲԳһġ
Ȼңڹǲһк档
ۼźЩ˵ͨĺ̲סٴκ˼첽ص˴֮С

Ȼûгţڤ綼ʶ֮С
֮ⷢ飬ȫָơ
ĺӻ֮󣬻æһ
һ̨̣֮ϵ磬¶ЩεЦݡ
ˣǸңʵ̫ˡСûа취ֻ˻
ûа취Щε̾һ
֪㲻õġ
ԼȻǲȥΪĺˣǺңЩ˵Ҳи˶ϡ
˶ϣƺҲֻһ
װɵװʶǣҪ仰˵
ʱˣҲ⡭Ҫᡣ˵
Ļĺæͷ
˵һһ˲һյͳС
˴ǲյϵһȲ费ĺ˵£ᡭ˵Ҷ˰ɡ
ǣˡ
ĺ΢΢ϹŻĴӴ֮˳ȥ
뿪֮еĲյʧ
Ǽ٣Щ£ǵĵȷȷˡ
-------------------------------------
ĺΪңͻȻԼͷֻ»һʱû뵽Լո֮߳⣬㿴ңͷѪԼ
졭Ȼһɣһ׼ǿǰĳ֮ĺӻǱһ
ң˽絽ôˣ
̬ôȥЩģ
ĺӲ֪ʱ˽ʱң֮ʱ֮Ѿôѡ
֮ңȻѾ꣬ףǸȴѾĵס
ңĶֻһͷ
ҪԭԼԼԲ硣
ǿִ֧֮£ңͺоǴ̹׶ֱʹһ
ĺ뿪Լǰ֮ң΢ͣһ£ôһһģڴſڿͷ
Ҫ֪ڤȫͬھ졣
ϵĴ˺שש߿ŷֻиͼźÿǹ⻬
;ȫͬǡΪڤ˵ǳųطҲûʲôÿ͡
ȻҪĻ籾Ҳ
õʯͷȫִڤԱģûоĥûо
ؿһ±ỮƤ⣬Ѫ
˵ңҪĿķˡ
Ҫңɶһ˵Ļ¸ղǼѾ˹ȥֱӻڤ硣
ˣʲô˵ĺ΢һ£ſ첽ǰȥҪңӵ
ȻңǱһƾĺôþһ
ûпҪԼĺһһֱضǰǸдšڤ硱ֵҡ
ãĺӹ֮ңߵ˵ˡ
Σ𻺻תĺʵǲԸԭ𣿡
仰˵꣬ΣԼҲһ¡
ѾһһĸԼǴ˵еԼӦ
ǺΣûа취ǷǸ硣
ֱһ̣ĽѿڶΣʶԭڲ֪УѾԼôңԶˡ
ΣȻңô񣬵ǳɫ˫ĿȥǺܿ¡
ܱѡУȻǿ档ͬʱΣȴȽᣬʱżһ棬ڼûа취úõĿ
˵ֻԶڤӵĺˮҲ֮ӿһʱ֮ڤͻȻòôƽ
ȿȿȡĺӵûа취ǰȣ׼ȻŲȥĺڽųŵʱѾ׼˵Ļ˵˳һγС
һĺӵҪϸĻᱻڤӷĲڸȥ
仰һ˾ˢˢؽĿ䵽ĺӵϡ
ܿƵѹĺӾԼûиܹôѹ
һʱ֮Ҳ
˵ʲôˣΣ׷ʵ
ʱĺΣҲڤһ
ѹĺϮ˹һ˲䣬Դ̰ͬۡ
ĺֻҪϽ˵Щص֮С
ȿȡˣĺѹ֮Ŭ侲һ֮˵˵Ƿ£˵˰ɡ
ң
Σ𣺡
ĺӣ
ȵȵȵȣҸղ˵ʲôˣ
仰ѿڶ֮ȻΣѹûĺӺȻԼԴһҲʹˣΪһͷʹϮ
ԼղźС˵ˣ
ԣ
Լ˵ˡ
ڿ˵ԼСĽˡ
군ˣ군ˡ
ʱĺӵ군֡
⣬ǰϷȥú٣Լһݹ͡
Լһ
ôдⶼܼ̰ɣ
뵽֮ĺӷǳر۾ֻڸղźΣң־ôѣûʶԼ˵ʲôֻԼ̫СڤӵĲڸ
ǳϧǣĺһ£۾ʱǰһиŵһв롣
ңǺΣһһֱû˵һޡ
˶Լ˵ʲô
˵ˡң̲סĺһ仰ظһ顣
˵֮䣬ͷϵ˿ڻڼµѪȥǳֲ
ǰɫѪһ·ңգ°ϵȥ
ĺ̲סһȻһ̵ңǳ׵ķˣڤӵޡ
ҲǣҲǡŻģңͷ
Ѫ׵Ⱦķҡ
֪硭ԡ˵ң͵ҡͷ
ԣӦ˵ˡ˵ţͻȻЦһ¡
ȻԭҡΪʲô궢ŲԶǰ磬ΪʲôҪװأ
ң˵еֻŵĽ֡
ԸԶԼԶԼ
ɱԼ
ңΨһܽܵǡ˵Լ粢ûֻԼˡ
ǲ֤Լ˵ôҪֻһп޵˶ѣ
˵˻ĺĻֻС군֡
ֱǰ˫ۣĺڻһ߿ȥ
ʱĺӵ˫ĿͨĺΣײ
ΣȻû˵Ȼ뷨ңһģһġ
Ժɱǲ
ĺھϴһӣûȥٹҲûоʲôӵ飬֮ܶĴûмĳ
ĺûа취С
ô˵ԾԼĺӣǷǳҪһµġ
ǿΣ֮ĺʵ̲סһ䣺ҲҪ룬ʵԼٽˡ룬Ѿǧǧ꣬һ٣ҲǼʮʱѡˣֻ˶ʮꣿ
ĺӿ˵ţûע⵽Լ˵Χ˵ĿȫϣǱ־塣
ĺֻҪϽԼĻ˵꣺˵Щʱ淢ʲô˵ֻǵָһӼѡȻûǣǺȫҲûʲôܹǲġ
ָһӼ䡣
ȫǡ
⡣
ĺûʶԼĻһĴ̣ǰ˵С
ʱ˿ڴ֮еҲر۾
ĺӵô£
ôˣ
֮ǰһֱĺһǳ׵š
û뵽쾹ȻһôĴ
ˣҲԼûֱȥ£Ƶĺӵϡ
̾һھ뿪ȥ
ʱ
ңͬһŴȥ
統Ľ磬ֻӶѣûʩ̫ķ
˾Ŷһ̣ңͳǰ
硭ɤＷ˸ɬһ
Ѫ۾ǷǰϾҪ׵׵߻ħˡ
㡭
Ȼһ仰û˵
һ̣ͻȻк
Ҳ֪ǲǴȻԼĶߴһϤЦ


69 
Ŵ̹ǵĺ⽫˽У ǣȴ䣬ֻޱϤ
粻һǣ ںһߣڵϵ˿һҲܡ
ɲ֮䣬ǵǰһƬڡ
һʼʱܸо⡣ǵȵǺⲻϵۻﵽһ޶ȵʱ򣬴̹ǵĺͱ˵ʹ
ǵϣ ǧһ
ǶͷѾ˿ڵң
Ѿ߻ħ״̬ ԭĸоӦޱȳٶ۲ŶԡȻһȥ ңܵʹ⡣

޷ңֱӵ˵ϡ
ڤĵرʹֲˤһ̣ ңʶȥҪ֧סԼ¡Ȼңûɹֲֻڵĺɫʯƣ ɫѪɲ֮佫ʯͷķ϶
ңδܹ˵ʹ⣬񶼱˺ѡ
ңӣҲһߵĺһ
ȵڵϵң̧ͷʱ䱾˿ھȻ˺ѵ ɫѪա
һйңɤֻʣһƵʡ
ңӣ ȫȫ˵У ȴΨûб翴
ʱ˿̣ ǰֻһƬڣ ڶҲһûˡ
㱼䣬ǺȻһͬĿռ䡣

оԼٶƺͻȻ
ָоĺ档
뷲Ϊͨ˵ĶʮȫͬǣΪ磬Ҫȷ˵Įһ㡣˵Ѿ˺üǧ꣬£
ڣȴһһٵԾ
ָоЩİ
ڡ¡
Цʧͬʱ̲סҧҧźȻһŽеݰ
ΪȷɣССĻֻԼܹ
һȥȴоñָⴥһԼĶ
˻ǰһƬڣĸоԡ
ʶ̧֣ҪסǱĸоȻûеȵ罫첲ȫ̧һ̡㱻˽С
ܹоûöľȴá
ĸоһ
ܵؿ־ֱƿصĸоʶҪ÷ֱֻˡ
ûе񣬾ԼĶִһЦһڸоˣһվԼ󣬽Լԭء
վ΢΢ͷ绹ܸܵĺ
ʵ̫ˡ
һ˲䣬ȡ˿־塣
ͬʱһνǸ˳
ݰ
Ƕ̫ѿڶͬʱԼ
һ̣ƺֻʣ˺еһƬǺһǡں֮⣬˶
ӦˣĪѻѪң
ݰղŵңһظ֣һߵײײվܡ
ң֮⣬һֱû˵ĬĴޣһ϶¶˲ŵ顣
ݰ

ʱ˶ô롣
벻ʱ£صϾҲעЩ粻һ⼸ˣԽЩ˽һġ
ңޡ
Ϊҵǣݰݵĺ뻳ɰ㶼١
ң븺һµȷϣϲûһСݰˡ
ǲ磬޷֮ѰݰꡣҲҵݰֻҪȷϣԷٳھϡ
񡭡羹Ȼݰ ֽ˳
ֻǣһߵĺӣҲ̲סҧס
ô¡߶š
ĺӲϴˣޱΪ硣ݰֺĺӵɫҲȻ԰
ΪݰϾĺûңһ½٣ݰҲûиʲôӰ
ĺӺΪȷûһݰˡ
һǾˣȴҲڷһٵݰһȫȫΣ
ңһһظšܡֵͬʱŽߵĺɫڻɢֻʣһϸϸĺɫԽϣͬ㽫С
ıվһɫīɢԺˡ
̧̧󣬴˵ĽǶȿȥֱܵ˼㡣
Ҫǣﲻϴ
ݰѪң͵һɴ۾һνгǸ֡
ͬʱڤͻ


70 
ⶫ ɽһجΡ
ЩﾡĺһƬ̫ƽڤʱ˻һ¾˵顭
ҪһǡΪ˵ܹо ڤ Դͷݰ
ɲǼ䣬 վߵĺӣɫһ±ޱȲ԰ס
ĺڤĳͣ ֻһ˲䣬㽫ݰ͵ĺϵһ
ԭݰﾹȻ
뵽 ĺӵıֱð亹
һ ȻһˣһĻص
˶֪Ȼޱգܹƽ˳Ķȹһ٣ ߵꡢǿ
ݰﱾѾ ֻܹǿӡ˵
£ݰٳɹ
Щʲôܹ֮ס
Һɲɵǣ ĺӵĽǶȿȥǱݰĻһΪһû½ٹ˼ǵӣޱĶǶȣ 䵽ĺӵ۾ ȴˡݰвˣ
⣬㡭
鲼ڤ ֮ǰһӰ˵
Σ ĳ ڳ˽䱸
֪ԼݰĶ֣ǿƣһĺӻͷһȣֱӽԼı齣ٻ˳
ˣģֻĺӴ˵ųԼǰĺȥ
һ£ĺȫ
ǰĺһԳ϶ҲͶ̶һ̶ѡ
ĺӵĶܿ죬Ȼ绹һӾע⵽
ĺӣüĺӿȥ
ԼΧˣÿ춼ʲôĺӾȻݰ
ΪԹˣǵãЩзġ
ĺӵĶȻЩҪĺӵһ¡
ȻоԼϴһ⡪ݰԼָĥ
еĵط֮һɲǼ䣬ͣԭĶԼϣֻСС
һӱж
ãһĺֻǱһ˻ȥûǰЩһܵɱķɡ
ֻô£
翴Ҳ֪ܵĺӵʲôԭ򣬲ԶңǣȻҲὣ
˵źһߵݰĺӲһô˵ңǶǸղٷˡһӽݰҲһܹӦˡ
ǰⳡһӾͽ
վݰȴǲʲôɵĵһ
ô磬ΪҪʲô
ͻȻ䣬ĶݰͬʱҲһ⡣
ݰ˵󣬶һ̣ߵɳɳģȥΧľ롣
ȴǶμ䡣
ڤӺϣȿȡ
һ£ڿɾԲǺ˼Щʱ
緢֣Լ˼·ȻҲݰﱻˡϽһηǳֵĻ䣬ǿ˳ȥ˦֣ҪݰﰴԼϵָ˦
ͬʱʱǲ뱻˴һݰŨŨĺΧ˵档
ѾǳΣˣȴĶ߱ԹƵ˵ˣΪҪ˺㡣
Ȼݰһ仰ո£վģղŻӽĺӾ֮˵Ҫʲô
ȷſңڿˣתһݰﲢ˵ǽ͡
û뵽ݰﾹȻҡҡͷ˵ýͣȻˣǡ
ǣ
ݰ⼸־һʯͷӿ˲ˡ
仰֮籾ܵ룬ݰɲһˣӦŵġɲһ˲䣬Լַ뷨
ʱ˿ָ̻˼еݰѾֹ˼Ǹˡ
෴ǣ׻¹ǸѾĺȫȫغһ
Ǽ֮ȴȫͬĵط
ȻˣУںһȴûһΥ͸С
̲סȥЩеûĵʱݰѾ˵ˡ
һ˲ͷ˵ȻŰϵƶͣĲ䡣
ݰѹûһȫоʹܵݰﾹȻ͵͵ԼĲӡ
Ȼĳ˿ȴֲܿ
һֱͷݰﻺվӣǰ¶һЦһظĲһ˵ΣǰڷʱǱҵ°ܽڤȻҲˡ
ݰ벻м
ͬʱһ仰һһݺݵ˶Ǽ˵С
ݰ˵ûд
˽ʱǱûһݰĶ֡ҪǣʱҲܸоĵԼźȥĽУȫ˻
ҪǶԷĿǰûлػ˼ݰȫȫûһǵı֡
Ⲣ˵ݰﺦǣֻǲ鷳
෴ǣ˴ʵ࣬ʶݰΪϣԷѹûȤǼȥ
ĺӴ֪һ㼸ڷ顣ȻҲǳǰ⼸ˣȻȣݰȻһΣաµĴڡ
ݰĻ֮ĺֱ˵ȰĪҪ㱾Ӧ˵񡭡Ҳ˷⿪㾹Ȼ˲Ϊֱԣ
֮ǰңѾԼԼĶݰһ²⣬ĺӵһڽһ㴰ֽҲͱˡ
Ȼݰ񲢲Լݱٸ֪ĺӵĻ֮󣬷ҵһƽ˲ĵ㣬֮ӦŶ˵˵ҵ˲ˣ
ܹóͷǳ˵ⷬĺӲͬǣݰð뿪Ц
⵽׶ʲôʲô
ΪڤˣѾڤڤ֮ϴǧ֮ãо֮ϵ֣ȴҲһ׷ˡ
ǰֺĳһͷ
ݰſң
ûпĻԼ˵仰֮ݰﾹȻ¶һЩί顭
ݰ˵ҵȷǵ˴󲻾
ݰ⻰ʲô˼
󲻾⼸֣Χ˵ϱ鶼
ݰѾڤˣ
Ҽǵǰ˽ʱ򣬾ͺܲϲǡ
Ȼ˸ղŵĻ
ĺӸղѾ˵©죬֪粢ûǵ귢顣ݰҲûһܻµ˼
֮󣬾ıһ۾
ô˼顣
룬ӦһϲڤɣݰЦſһ¶վŵļˣ˵ȻˣҽȻҪǵ˴ߵġ
üһ
ԭݰһˣڤ˵ġ
Ǹڤ
һ£ĺӿǽʵʵıݰĻŵ
ĺȻû٣Ҳ̫һЩʣôھڤôЩ꣬˲ٵˡ
Ҳкܶ治ΪĺӼֵǸˣҲûҪ˴ڤߵģ
ĺӵͫ˲ͷŴˡ
ԶͺǷң仰֮󣬸͵ĨһѶͷϵİɫѪžͳݰҧгݵ˵Ķô˵˴治Ļϣһὣݰ
һ˵Ļ֮󣬷Ż΢ЦݰȻ̧ͷݺң˹ȥ
Ŷǣݰﻰµһ˲䣬ͻȻϸϸңεĲС
ȫͬڸղŲ̣Ǻɵңһ̣Ϳʼս
ҲϢʱ䣬ң;޷ĵطƤһĴʹ
ң˲̲סһС
ֻʹŴ֮˳
Ȼûע⵽ĵطȴһֱû˵޻ر۾ǲ뿴ǰһĻҲҪܡ
෴ǡݰŸԹޣֱʱɱݰ
ûɱݰ
޵ΪȻݰȻȴھ֮ϣԾϵ飬Լ鱦绹Ҫ˽⡣
֪һ˾죬硣ǼƽϢ֮󣬾㼯֮һ
Ǹֻһôӵо
ղŶû̫ʱ䣬ûùھ֪µ˶̫ࡣ
ûǸûá
Ҫһѡ
ҪǶӮˣɱݰˣҲڲ̫ࡣ
-------------------------------------
ղû˵һֱϢ񣬳ԻǸղŶõ
һ̣
ңһһ˵ʱһֱûзҲûжͻȻһվ
Ķʵ̫죬綼һ
ͬʱ翴޵ǰͻȻһѱɫĳ
ʲôܹоĵһѱɫĳޱŨ˵ĶԼӦʶŶԣǱѰԼļ䣬ȴһ㶼ûҵصϢ
ѵ˵Լȥ˼ٵʱеģ
뵽𰸡
Ȼڲ˼ʱ
Ŀ֮͸¶ŷ֮ɫңȫͬʱ˿޵Ŀޱ侲ôһֱֱĶݰ
ͬһʱ䣬ǰһɫıĹâȴԽԽʢ
Źâı仯ڤĴǵȻҲ֮䵭һ㡣
оݰԭԼϵָҲ֮¡
ѽôǾ
ݰˣ껹ھȫԼ֮С
Ȼʱ绹ɫıΪζ֪ⶫݰĿǡ
ȻԾϵûжȤ֮ǰҲڸһ˦ƹûʲôθСȴû˵ˡ
ػ죬Լš
ʱգѾû˻ỳǷˡ
Լڴ֮ǰҲΪԼһܽʼշλˡ
Ȼǰʱ羹Ȼ鲻Խȥ롪һϵѱɫãһݰˣҪô죿
ݰеڤڤϵĺѾڲ֪гΪһ֡
Ѿϰ˶ԷԶôΪΪǰݰԶ䡣
ֱһ̡
оݰָ΢΢ʱҲ֮ͨһ£ͨͨ
ס֣˼鲻Խİִĺ˳
ûʶʱԼǶôľš
Ȼ޵ȻΪ仰ͣ
֪粻Լκεϵ
ҪװʶԼ
粻ԼԸԼ˵ֱһԼҪµĴ𰸡
ҪͨķʽɱݰΪ¼סԼԼҲҪġ
޵Ŀ䵽ǰıɫϡ
Ŀޱȵļᶨ
ͬһʱ̣ݰԼĶʵ磬ҪǡҽĻɢڴˣ㻹Ըǵ𣿡
͸ղǴһЦЩŵȡ˿ݰ˵ʱȻҲ͸ղһ΢ЦȴöԷмȻ
Լ

ʵղŵһֻڶ̶һ˲֮ѡ
˵˵˵仰֮ݰҪסǰѳ
ȻеǡѳĵȷȷֻоһܣܹΧĻ֮С
緽ʹķȻǰѳûκӰ졣ֻһѱɫĳɾڿУҲϾΧ
ʱݰﾹȻ˵ˡ
ֻЦһ£Ȼظ˵磬㻹ҵĺá
ݰ潫һ顣
һ£ֻһ
һǧҪڤڤ֮ϵѾв֪ٳˡ
ԭΪԼѾЩ
ȻݰĻ֮һԼԼ޴ĸо̾ͳϮ
ʱ޺Ҳݰ֮иӵ͵һԭڿеıɫſǰȥ
֮ǰ˽⵽ģʱѾѹݰӦվԭأܶŶԡ
Ȼôһ£Ϊһ壬˽Ҳ˸߰˰ˡ
統²˼ľҪݰﵲסһ
Ȼûеȵ͸оԭվԼݰͻȻһ½Լ˹ȥ
ݰֱǰѱɫı
һ˲Ҳ֪Լı飬顣
һ㡪Լеĸںݰ
ɴ۾ݰ￴ȥ
һѱɫĳҲʱĳݰڵλô
 ݰ
ŶԷ֡
ΪݰһĶ㲻ȥˣȻǱʶݰԲϾԼֻǿӡˡ
ȻҲ뿴ݰԼǰˡ
һ̣Ĳһ
翴ݰﲢûվԭһûһ㾪ŵ˼
෴ǡݰȥ
ָôĴǱɫĳ
ţһѳ͵һµɴ۾
⡭һ̲סⲻܣ
ֻǰѱɫĳȻݰָһڻˣ


71 ȥ˼
ܹó ǰѱɫĳ֪ģҲͨˮɣڲӦ֮
Ҳ˵Ƕݰˡ
ô£ǰĳ֮ ̲ס߶һ
ѧ֪ ײʱ򡪡ޱȾײ֮ʱӦǷǳΣյġ
 ٻᲨڤŶԡ
֮ܶ ԲԼʱһĻһƽ
翴޾߶Žݰ
ݰﱾ˷ǵûһ˼ȻָǰѳĽС
һѱɫĳ ݰָһ̣ Ȼڻˡ
һñƳɵĳһ
ⲻӦá
һ̲סһüȻһǣ Χ˵ķӦ ȴһһ
Žޡ
ޱĸоԼеĳڱݰһ̱ڻˣžȻôɸɴʧ
ܡ޵ɴ۾ԼĿȥ
ݰô
ʹһʱ򣬵Ȼûаٷ֮һٵİܹɱݰǰģ ڴ˴ײô˵Ӧɣ
ݰһǳµĵˡ
类ʱ ҲǱӵһˡ
Ȼ˵Щ£ȴжô£ûһֱ۵˽⡣
ֱڡ
ݰԼĸΪĪ⡣
ʱȫûйȥʲô
ֻݰôվԭأؽŴ̧ źǲм˦˦ָ⡣
һ̣ ɳڻɵıˮڤɫʯϡ
ʧΡ
ݰﲻ֪Ǵһɫķ زԼָݰͷţϴһĨ΢Ц뵱׵Ǹһģһ
Ҳʱ򳹳׵׵ʧ
ݰԭĺڷôɢ˼ͷȥ⣬һ㾪ŵĸоûС
ԭĳҵʲôء˵
Ͳ֪һʱϷʲôµ粻һĺӿѽʲôġ
ôܽˣĺӴǿ˶ԷղŽƿĶɣڲԾУݰҲһ㣬ʶĽ仰˳
ݰûдĺӵ˼
ֱͬɻĿ⡣
ȿȣ˵ǷӦ˹ղݰ϶ںԼ
Լ˵ǷһʱҲԸȥǱ󵽵ʲô˼
˵ĳӦòݰŶԣϾԷƭһΡ
ʵ̫֪ղŷʲô
Եһ̣ݰڿڽš
˵˷ٵļʮ꣬ݰʹǰĺȣҲһЩһ
ȻԭǸǾԣǰֱ⡱дԼϡڣݰȴѧνһºŵ֮¡
ֻԷ΢΢һЦȻ˲Զڤϡ
ݰ˵Ǽʮǰһ°ɡ˵Ǿ쵽һǵⶫĻҲؽҷӡڤôꡣô
ɣһ
ݰԽ˵ԽöǼ˺޵
޻ңȫ˵ˡ
ͬһʱ̣ԭڲμۼλǣҲоǰѱɫĳͻȻļ
Ϊڤ緢ʲôµǣһ
翴ǣֻ۵һͷһ̣̲סسݰ￴˹ȥ
أô£
ĺݰȻڱô˿ţԼȻҪһ
粻ͬĺӿǺĲˡ
ݰͻȻ˵ȫЩ˲һƵĺһ̲סȻأ㵽ôģ
˵ݰﵱȻǲĺӵģҲǺĶԼǾĺӵĻش⡣
ֻݰﵭƳ˾ȺһۣȻ벻˵ȻΪ١
Ϊ٣
ΪҪ˵Ϊأ
ݰȻһڤǧ֮ãʵЩҲ֪ġ
˵ݰ޷ϴġ
ԴʶһݰʵѾ֪Լˡ
֪ȵĳһգԼضɢʧǻع
Ļɢɱһ˵ĸӸɴࡣ
ʵϷǵʱݰԼع粢û̫ĸо
ûһȤ
ʶĻźͻΪԺһûС
ֱݰﱻӡڤ
ԭΪһȤ𣬵ȴ֣羹ȻһԼĸ˼ˡ
ȻѾǧ֮꣬һΪһֱסڤ磬ϵ£ϵκһ񶼲ͬ
ݰ𽥷֣ԭ仹Ȥˡ¡ڵġ
ʱôһһĹȥ
һʼʱݰЩᷳ磬Ͼһֱڤӵ£Ҳôܡ
ǺݰȴԼϲڤָо
֮£֮Уֻʣˡ
ҲʱȻһЩ᲻ûعˡ
ȻϵԸͬʵȴΪġ
ԼعǻԶҲټˡ
ݰʱоһΪᡢʵ
˵ѡĻݰﲻ뿪
ҲʱݰһЩ顣
ûǼͬ񡭡ڡ
ܺΪ飬뿪ڤ硣
ݰΪԶ뿪ڤ磬סھϣȻԼ
ع糹ʧ䣬Ҳ̫ĸо
ԾǸʱݰѾоԽԽ࣬ҲѾǿڿ뿪ڤ磬ȴһֱ
ֱǼ·ϣһλ䣬صȫļϡ
ԭ£һֱڤ磬Ҳ챣Լ֮¡
ڴ֮ǰݰȻܹԼԼĿʵֵĸں죬ϵθʵǳءݰû뵽ջһ
ݰȻڤ磬ȴҲ߻ħǧΪһŻķա
ʱݰ̲ס뿪ڤ磬졣
룬Լվǻعġ
ôʱ򣬰һѣöԷԶԶļסԼ
ݰһֱΪԼһǳ˽ˣϾͱ
ֱһ̣ݰ֪ԼԭҲôĻ
ֻ˵ĸоԭʵҲ˵ġ
һݰûκԥȫԼ֮С
䱾ͬɵģݰｫԼ֮еһ̣Ҳһ
ݰ֪ˣǾһ٣ҲΪһ١
籾Ƕ㲻һٵġ
ݰһ̣ڻˡ
һѰ٣Ϊعɰࡣܹ˳٣Ҳܹꡣ
ڷһ֮ݰûκԥԼ۷һ̣ԭѾӴ˽ٵӲֻأһҵ֮С
Ҳͬһ̡
ݰһȻҲ֮Ĵһ֮С
ݰãԼһӺûʲô£ȫʲôкñ
ȻһΣʵȴϷ绯Ӧһ仰
ݰԭֻ磬˭֪Էֻصһ̣ԼҲһ֮С
ڷ٣ꡣ
ݰĻȴѱϡ

ݰﵱȻҪϸϸĽžϵһЩ쳣˵ףݰȴԸ⽫Щȫ˵
ֻ򵥵˼䣬Χ˻˳ݰղŵһԲһ߰˰ˡ
ͬݰҪԼȥ뷨ôɣĪǺúоһˡǲʱó˽ۡݰѾٳɹϡ
һ˲޺ңǵɫȫޱȲ԰ס
ǺʱʶԼһ˸׵ס
һ֮Ҳ̲סһ´
統ȻûԼ·֮ǰЩ飬һμʲô¡
һֱԼȥ¡
ݰ˵֮ǰû뵽ԭٵıȻһԵɡ
ݰﵱ磬ʵҲǾ˾컹硣
ֻһ֮٣ȻҲǾԼ
ˣרΪĽͶˡ˵ղǾ仰֮ݰЦһ£Ķ˵
ǾϷŵɣҲݰ˵仰֮ʶˡǰѳѾݰٵˣ
ǰ˵ӣϵϢѽҲõˡ
۱ϾǸˣһǳ磬˼άôظ
ܹһ٣ΪҲΪݰ
仰˵ݰԾж
˵ʱݰѾһ٣׵׵Ϊϡ
Ȼʱ𱨣ݰΪС
˵֮ڣֻһܹԸݰڿ統Ȼݰ֡
һ£ڻشվ绹ݰǰ
û˵ȳһ񣬽ŷǳĳݰʣȻѾǲ֪δԸھ죿
վݰû뵽ۻͻȻôʣ仰ŵ۾
ݰôԶ𾴣һھϣ
ֱǷˡ
ͬ۵Ļ֮վľλϱҲ̫һ
һЩϳ˵Ȼü˲ЩղŴ½ˣȥȴڴ
ϾвٵҲղݰڷ顣
ǵءѰ۵룬Ȼǳϻ̳Ͽֵģݰ￴ȥȴһ̫ķӦûСҡҡͷֱӾܾ˶Է
Ķ۱ҲһҲݰ
ʣҪڤ磿
۵Ļ粻ɵҲ뿪ڡ
ȻʱڤдܵɣϾѾסǧ꣬ǵĵȷȷ̫ܹӦϵġ
һֱæżλ飬ûԼδǷҪھϡѾԼһʱҪۣҪڤȥ
ڵĻ֮Ҳ̲סҪڣݰ
Ҳ룬ݰһԾûȤ
û뵽绹ûüڣͼݰҡͷܾ۵롣
ôȻҲһ΢΢һüȻݰʣȥ죿
۵Ҳʲôġ
ϵɺܶ࣬Ҳݰһ
ȻһݰﻹҡͷˣҲȥ졣
˿ݰȻĿ䵽ϣȻЦߵߣظס
ݰĶȻ󣬵Ҫ֪վԼǰˣȫǾϵɡЩɵһһá
˶ݰֵµĶ
Ҳʱں֪ע⵽硣
ղ˶Ծݰ˵Ļûʱȥ۲ߵˡֱʱǲϸվߵˣྐྵȻޱȵľޡ
쳣ޣֻһ۾ܽڤ
һĻ򡭡һ졣
һ£
·ûмǴĻǸղ𴩵ģ
һ£ע⵽һȫԭء
ΪǰʱǴ߰ɡ
˶ӡ󣬾ͣޱȵ֮ϣ֮ǰμʱ绻һߣúܶ˸еӦš
һ߾ˣ˵ڲûдˡ
ӡ֮еȫһ
¡ǰ˾𣿡
˵ݰ֣
Ǿϼ˴ǣʱӶѾҳһš
˭ܸڵ׷ʲô飿
ݰﵽʲôϵ
˵ˣ۱˶Ѿǳҡ
ֵ𾴵ĳ
ݰ֣ԼƺӦǴһµġ
ֺá
۱ϾᣬʱȻѾԥ͡ᡱдϡ
˰죬ڴһ֡
ȻʱݰȴĿ֮½ĸ
ûܹװû
ĺӿһĻ̲֮סݺݵһüȻһ£ȿȣˡԼǹܲݰֻһ硣
˵ʵҲݰ⵨ΪĶ
ſҡ̲סѹ漷⼸֡
ݰȴûһ㷴Ӧ
΢һ֮ڼݰҡҡͷ
ݰ㵱棬˵һ˺µĻ
۶Ʋס飬͵һµɴ۾
ݰ˵Ҫ˴˼ȥҼǵҲԾڤû̫ȤǱ㲻һȥ˼һˡ


72 Ȼ෴
ݰ˵ʲô
˵ɺˣ 籾仰֮󣬶ŵݰ￴˹ȥ
ݰǾ仰ȥмֿ˼еݣǹֵĲٹ֡
Ȼ˼Ǽʮ꣬ ȴһ֮ݰﵱž֮棬 ˵֮ Ի󣬻˷ŭ ǵһʱ佫ĿͶ磬 Ҫ˵׻᲻ͷ
統Ȼͷˣ
Ȼ̫⣬ ҲϲϵĸַȽڣҪµͷ Ҳδ̫Ϸ˰ɣ
ȻݰĻ֮Ҳôһ˲Ҫȥ˼俴һۡ
Ҳֻһ˲ѡ
-------------------------------------
绺رһ۾ Ҫ߰뷨ӵȻոտڣҪ˵ܾĻһ̣ ͻȻݰԼĶϡ
ʱݰﲢûпڣ÷Ķߡ
ݰ˵磬ûмǴĻѾкܶûлعˡһ췲һ꣬ ôȥһУ Ĳٿһ𣿡
˵ʣļڷĹˡ
ݰΪ ˵żֹƻĵ
ݰĻ֮ ΢һ£ ˳ŶԷĻ˼⡣
ǰȻҲ⣬׷ݹ˵ꡣ
ʱ˽磬»ص磬Ѿȥ˼ʮʱ䡣һʱѾٴͶ̥תݰôһ˵ͻȻڷĵܵƺڡ
֮Ҳȥһءȷÿлڲԭ֮ϣһݰﻹڼ˵
ݰǳỺҲƽͣȻԽԽһħ
óϣݰ˵Ļ֮Ķˡ
ȻôĶ绹ǲͷڤȻʱӦݰĻ
ֻһ£ڿڡ
ҡȻʱһҡֻû˵꣬ڶ˵һ
ԭʱݰѾԥ
ţ֪һܾԼݰͻȻһ
Ҳɲ֮䣬ڤһαһγֵǲ˵ģֻǽΧ˿
ͻȻ֮俴ǰһˡ
ݰԼĶ˵һߡ
źڼĶ˺ķ
ȻԼЩû̫仯ȴҲѾ֮лǧ֮ã֮ǰǸղžһƽ١
Ȼصϻָ֮飬ҲԼԼеѹ֡
Ȼһ̣ߵķȻԼķգѹֵҲһԶˡ
̲סһ
ͬһɲǣԺȻˡ˽֡
ĪãԼݰӣĺ˽
ססȻȷݰԼʲô绹ǸϽתע
ûз֣֮еԼ֪ʲôʱЦ
֮ǰ˲ٵ״̬ȫ෴ǣʧ֮ڤĺҲɢȥˡ
ɻûüţǼԼûĵһ¾ǡͳһԭվλÿȥŷ˲֪ʲôʱѾʧǵǰ
һȣ˵ݰղžȻžλˣԼ۵棬ˣ
˼ֱˡ
˿̣Ͼһ߷߲ƽģȻۻҪǲ˸ҿڡ
ֻһΣ۳Ĭʱеֳˡ
¡һֱ˵˳ſһ
Ȼû뵽˽Լ֮󣬺ͷŭȫͬǣֻҡҡͷȻ˵׷ˡ
κ˶Ҫжô粻ĻݰǾԲܽߵġ
ȻܹϢʧǰô֤ȿȡ
뵽̽Щֵֹͷѹżװػͷһ۸Լһڤˡ
Ǿ͵ûڤ磬֪¡
ǡ
۶ô˵ˣľɵȻֻýĻȥ
ֻ˽ҧס
ˣֹ˽ˣڤ˸׵ס
ȻʱĶǷ뿪ݰһ˹ʧߵ뷨
ڤȥ˽·;ңԶһʱܵġȻ֮ҲǿҲת˲ڶϷɢһ̣鿴һƬɳ˲Զʡ
Щڤ粻ͬĿůյĺʱڣѾ˼֮С
ľɫȴġ
̤ɳصһ̣һůŻɳظաѾٽھϴЩӵ磬㶼Ҫصķɳˡ
Ȼһ̣Ȼ̲ס뵽˵ز¥˽ʱ˵һ仰ǻᱻԼ෴Լ˽һϲҲйأ
Щʱߵݰһļ磬ʾһǰ
ݰͻȻ֣˼
һ£ȥ롪˵ڤȻ෴ĻݰԼֺγأ


73 
ɳأ ܹоԼµɳҲ̫ɹ
ԶϤĲϤľ󣬵ǿǽ ԼǽԸߵĽ ǲɿ
ԼڽţͬʱһΪӵ
ԥ֪òǰʱ ͻȻоԼ󡣶Է̫󣬵ȴʹظŶԷһ ŲԶȥ
ǸˣȻݰ
ڤʱݰʼ΢Ц ȥ˽ʱûʲô𡣵֪ΪΣһı飬ȴôʱݰƽ˺ܶ࣬ ȥɡ
мá
Լֺγ
ϤغԼҲ֮ú
Щʱ ǰݰ￪˵кܾû˰ɣ أ뵱ҲЩССͬ
ʲôͬݰĻһʱ̲סʵ һݰȴӡΪصЦһ£ û˵
Ҳʱ Ѿߵسŵ档
ڴ˴ǰĻ棬 Լӡ֮еûκ
Ϊ壬 Ѿϰʲô¶Ƿ ǴӷǶ˳ֵĵطصĳſڣҲǻʹ˲ġ
ȻһΣݰȴ֣˾ôһȵɳأһһ˹
ߵվԭأ̧ͷϤֵʱݰﲻɻһ¡ʱֻص˼ʮǰ
վڴ˴㱼ΪԼֻ˼һͨˣʲôڤɡ
ݰһûڳſͣ٣Ǿֱ˹ȥ
ڵһ̣Ķһ̲ס롪һԼ׵ʱأᱻڴ˴úһ
һزһˣ硢ݰﻹдӸ̼˾ҡڵ˽ȥûһǡ
ߺո򣬹һƬز磬ǲ˴׵İͼ
˵ոʱѾΪ˴󽫾ûͨһ̤ɳغʯô߽
Ⱥ֮еĸо絹Ҳ÷ǳ
ʱݰﻹ˵Ż
һݰ΢Щţͣһʱ䣬˼һ֮ڶ˵֪㵱˼Һúõء
һֱ粢пǰݰ̲ס磬˵°仰Ҳ֪
ܲ⣿
Ϥݰ˿šƺӲϡ
ȴ
ݰ仰ֻ˵һ룬ΪȻһȫʻ˶
ɣ˵⻰ʱݰسŵӰ˳ůů˵ϣǺһ˲֮䣬һ絽һ硣
ߡдһµĽһҲȫǺ߳ġ
˸ݵʱѾ顢ߵԣм٣δ˸߰˰ˡҲ˵ݰЩ¡ʲôں°աݳޡΪǼٵģһĿܡ
û磬ԼЩݰĻΪǱдı
ȻӵϵȨƣͳޱȹĽ򣬵ݰԼͳεزûʲô飬̸Ϊθˡ
ʱǴǰǾԲʳǷĻġ
ʱԼӵȨ͹ˣȨͳµˣԼԼͳε羿ʲôӣûйϵ
ĳֳ׵׵ĸıݰ
Ҳ̸£ݰҪϲء
ţ
Ϊݰ仰ֻ˵һ룬ֻΪעѾ˳ڣûзӦݰû˵İ仰ʲô˼
ֻ˳ŶԷĻʶ˵һ䣺ȵˡǱ˺𣿡
ݰҲ˳ĿŲԶȥ
ԭصĽߣп϶ĵطȫһÿúֻǴǺûеʱֻһƬŨ̶ѡ
һ۾ܹ뵽＾ĳˡ
ǱضһƬõĽԡ
ԣǺݰͷ
״תԶһô˹ȥ
һһ߶ţҼǵõԼҲڳǺʺ֡Եʱشʱ䶼ǹͺͺģû뵽ھȻһ˿⡣ǡֵİɣ
ǡԣݰص˵ͷ
Ȼ
һܽǰı仯һĬĬ롪һݰ治ܹһͳµǸˣȷһͳߡ
ǵãԼСʱ󽫾ҲûشΧֲղ˵һطˮͱȽ⣬λɳĮģʺ˾ӡ
ûȻĺӵˮҲѩɽˮкǿļԡҪǣȫɳȫʺκֲطƱȽƽ̹óͲгڣڴ
˵йϽص˶һЩľȴûһ˳ɹ
û뵽ݰĽ¸ˡ
ȷкúõչأڴעѪ
طȤݰͣһ£ȻĽԼо´Ƭġ
ͬǰߵʱ翴ֵϵĺƺԼʱҪࡣǺ͵ЩһǣЩ˵ģϤԭٻ
ƲѾطںһ
˻û߽صģǽյضһЩмƺǴӱĵطģҪȵ·ߵߴࡣ
ʱůɫ⴩ҶиһƬһƬ˵ϣǽһ㡣
ݰѾܹһ۱̵ڣͻȻͷ˵磬Ǵûеʱڡ
ݰһЩʱͷޱĿע硣
Ŀ̫Ũң羹̲סҪתߣȴڶԷע޷
ݰʣҪǿԵĻܷһء죬ǱΪһƬƣʱȻмСŵζ
µأʵĳǽסĹɳԶޱ߼ʵĺУһƬơ
һá
һΪ˵ݰԷ֮Ϊµһ
ͳ


74 ķ
ļתӴ ˵ٶݲһ˲䣬ûκεĲ
еǣ ＾ֵһ̣㱾ȻΪǶôһӣϾݰ档
Է˵ʮ˵˵Ҳ㲻̡
һɳĮеó֮ǣʮ˶Щľ⣬ûʲô̫ һлǵ
Դӻصصһ̿ʼ ǱʶҲص˼ʮǰԼһ˵ʱ
ôΪ ʱɽԼݡ ȻʱҪڤʲôҲ˼ôʱ䡣
ҡ
ߣܾĻոյߣûü˵ڣ վԱߵݰޱĿעǳǳһЦ
ֻأ зĲ뿴𣿡
ðɣȷ뿴
粻֪һԼѾ롱дϡ
ֻվԼݰЦһ£ͻȻ֣ ķḧһ¡ŶԷȻ֣ һ仰Ҳûж˵ תųȥ
ֵĴ𰸻û˵ڣݰ㲻ʱˡ
Ƕ̶̼ɲǣǰĻ㳹׷˱仯
سǽԱ˽ΪĽֵһҪǴ̵ĻսҲ׼˳ǽߣһӾխ·ọ̈̄ĶҲޱ֡
˵ڸղǸط绹ʱоȥ˼ڤĻôߵǳ׵׵ĵ˼䡣
ˣ뵽յǸ⣬ݰҧҧ
ǰȻѾ㵽ڤȥԸܾ顣ǰı֣֪һθеˡ
κһ˶Ҫɽ硣һ̣һг䶨ҲѽʱھϵصҪһ£ҪһԼ
ڷкβأ
뵽̲סһͬʱ䣬ݰȻԼʣ磬ǰǸʲô
ʲô
һ˵һ̧ͷǰȥԭڲԶ̷ڰ̯һЩײĳʳ
Цһ£ݰ˵Ҭ棬һֳʳ߹ζѡ
ǲǴݰ档
һ£ŶԷ½ǰȥ˵ҲȥҲֻΣСʱһֱܳⶫţḮѾͷС˶ţ˵ݲáѾָ֮ܳǰⲻԹĶ
粢˵˵뵽˶ʱĵΡ
áԣݰҲ˵ͷһǰȥ
ΧֵĽУûע⵽ݰͬ
ݰһǵĵȷȷǰĶȤҪǷĻѹǲܵ顣
ߡڳΪʵ֮ȻҲѰ䱦ȴǳһĵ
ǲĻݰĽޱȿ顣ӵȨȴ֪Ȩ˻ӻ⣬ʲô
ݰֻȥѰЩĶ֤ԼӵеȨ
ڲһΪ磬ݰİأڰ硣
ʼԺġ˵Ŀ⿴硣
ݰ磬ֻ֮СȴݰԿ򡪡ΪУݰŴˡ
ݰǧ硢쳾֮С
-------------------------------------
ݰ﷽ֱӴڤģ·뷲кܴ
λԭĽ֮ĻҲｻڷչ
˵İѾϰ˿ʽķΡ
ݰһĻԾΧĻ룬˵˳ǲסվڳǽߣûжˣ߽˳ڣע⵽Χ˵Ŀ⡣
ݰһĴʱ䶼ڻʹ֮УֳΪ˻ʵۣ˽Ⲣûô
һΣȷһ㡣
Χ̼·ˣڰԼݰ״ʶһ
ЩЩϳԼǴǰṫӣĵֻ˶̶̵һ˲
Ϊһ̣صӣѾ˼ʮꡣˣͲʶĳˡ
ܲղǰţ绹ǿ첽ߵ̯ǰҬקקݰӣѹ˵ȵȥɡ
ϣݰҲ˼
ͬ״ķǣǳûоǰ滮˵·ûʲôɡеʱڴһתһ֪ͨδС
ͨ˵һʱ򣬺׾ͻ·ղתʱҲһЩ֪˽缸ʮȥԼӡ֮еǷһ
ȿϤǳɫ֣Լߵĸǽ֮һ̲סؿڣתݰ˵ҼǵһСֱӵĺšղŻһЩģ᲻ҴĵطҼǵӦûд
ֻǼǵ·һСĲСĵ㣬ǻĿ˵ݰȴŨŨԺС
뿪ڤ죬ص˽֮ûö೤ʱ䣬һ˼ʮǰ״̬
硣
˵ղŵĻսеֽȻ뵽ʲôƵѵˣ·Щ̫ۡ
ĻݰڵͷһԼɫ䡣
ɫ͵Ĳٵ͵ݰ·Ҳ֪ʲôɵģһۿȥ㲻ǷƷصĽ棬ֱ۵Ĳ񻰡
˵ͷֻһɲǣݰϵɫĻͱһͬɫľװ
粻ЩԾӡ֮ݰһޱȵĴ磬񻹴ûԷ·
ڳԾͬʱȴҲã·ƺŷݰʡ
ôÿ𣿡翴Լ˵ݰЦЦǰ˻֡
״Ͻơ˵ûû£ֻһ桭ԭҲᴩͨ·
Ѿָ˼䣬ڤڤӱߵʱݰ˵ͳ
ݰû˵ֻȥͷ
˵ʵ˻ô꣬ûм˸ͷоݰĶ֮ЩŤԱŲһ£ݰںЦһ
粻뵽Щ꣬ݰֻҪһ۾ƬΡ⼸ѾΪʡ
񣬵һʻվǰʱݰģ޷Ƶļš
̲סȥ磬ȥ֤ʱ˿ԼһжʵһΡ
ҪǣݰѾʶ˺ܶꡣڴʱȴֻڤӱɵĺѡ
ݰ͸޷ĸо

ʱҲһͨⲼѰһЩۡȻϣȴֶ˼ֳ̬֮
·תһݰŽֽ
ݰЦһ£źȻ䵽СľͷѹһݰҲ˵һȥǰ濴
ǰ棿
ݰüë֮ǰȻҲأĴС﾿ͨηȴûʲô˽⡣
Сǰ澿ʲôݰҲֻɻһ̶ѡ
ΪͻȻ緽ŵĻ
˵ҼǵһСֱӵĺš
ԣҪؼȥ


75 ԰
Լһˣ һ׳ڹȥ֮еˡȻ죬ڴǸС̯ŵ̶һ·ϣȴ̲ס˹ȥЩ»ݰ
ӵҲ㿴ģȻһƬɳ 궼£ м굽˶ѩȴܴҼǵСʱ խխСôѩһ˵ţ һȥĴǽϸ
Ķޱᣬ֮ǰڤ绹о϶ȹġ
ĵط õĶǲĵĲʡȻһһĹȥȴûа취Χľ仯ϣ ʱʧ
Ȼ˼ͲһˣǰǽȻէһۿȥͼʮǰûʲô𣬵ǵָʱͻ֣ᷢԭǽڲ֪ʲôʱѾð͹ƽ
ķɳ˽һһĴĥǽڡ
Щʱӡǡ
ЩҲǰעĶ
ڽĶ ڴǰݰȤû嵽ġڣȴǳĵؿ磬 ҴϣԷܹ˵һ㡣
Ǽ署ͣ ݰĵ˵ͷ ȻʵǸʱᵽ𣿡
Ȼˣͷ˵Сƽû̫ߣϾ˶ȥģ ѩ֮ һŵĵطûСǸʱƫϲ
 ľ񷲽ʮꡣ
ݰﶼûע⵽ԼĴҲһ𻺻
ˣػ˻֣ݰǰһƬѩĻ
գ֮䣬ʱִĺصԼǰϥǵİѩʱ򻺻ȥȥһgѩȻɷ罫ߡ
ҺϲֱѩأԼǸʱض۾Լͯꡣ
ʵʮʱ⣬˵Ƕ̵Ĳٶˡ
ҪǣֻǷļʮѣٽͻص˾ϵ˵Ƕ̶̵ļʮ졣
ϲȥһʱ⣬ʵҲ֪һ壬縺ϣʵûͯģʹΪ٣ȻڷֵĶȹʮʱ⡣
⣬ݰﲻɵһЩźǳǳźԼĶʱ
һݰʱ˵ĳѾʼתһһ࣬һһһһһ첻֡
ʵ統뿪ȥڤܿó籾һЩϲܵˣΪɽķȽڶȥڤ硣
ʮǰʱȻûΪļ䣬ıȴûиıġ
˵ţݰ˾ߵ˳ֵľͷ
һ²ŷӦʱ¼ĳĺûоͷСꡣ
ʮʱȥһֱûµסԽĺŹҵģϤǸСҡ
ֻôʱȥ紵ɹټɳһʴұưܲһۿȥһɭֲĸо
ǸϣݰҲ̧ͷһۣͻȻһЩ˼һ±˵ǸҵʱǶߵ˹עҡ
ʱʵ۵ʱݰֻû鲻Ҫңһжԭӡû뵽פ͹ԱΪʵ۵ĲҰ벽ڣطѾʧޣΣյĲˣûܡ
û£絹һҲЦһ˵ǴǰĶҿŵҲϤ
˵ţѾߵ˽ŵ̨ϡ
ΪǺŰɣ̨ײߣѾߵǰ
ؼ𣿡ޱȵĶݰ̲סʡ
ȿȿȡղ׼ţ⻰һ١
ֻĬĬ˰벽Ȼݰ˵ֻżżеʱȥʱ̫
ڤһμʱ򣬿û뵽Ҳ͵͵ȥ档ݰЦ˵
ԡƱһ䡣
ʱָ´˽ĺŷϡ
Ƶʨͷ֪ʲôʱ⼣
һţ߾ʹ֨ѽһ
λȻãѾмʮûסˣΧҲ𽥱µȻǰݰʱҪԽϼӿأʱˣҲûٶȤˡ
û֪⽫ĺţֻҪһƱƿ
Ҳû뵽Լûƣûǰű㱻Լƿ˸졣ɲ֮䣬ľɫ֮С
ǰĳԥһ£תݰ˵ǽɡ
áݰܹоԱį
ղûƿŵʱ绹ڽֵϻŹȥԣһ֮ĽǼʮǰģ
ƿ֮ưܻڴ
ļңûĵط˥ģ˭кɡ
˾˽ȥ
طĽûʲôޱȣʮʱȥϵѾȫ߲ƬҲ˻ɳ
緽Żɵ飬ڿһ˲͵
еĹʵζ졣
һ˲Ҫת뿪
ȻûеԶȻִһűƿ
̧㿴и˴Ժӵһ˹


76 Ƿ
 ˽ߵʱǲģʶһҲֱ촫 緽ע⵽˹ӦǴǰԺġ
һɫĳ һַֻſ򣬴ʱڵλÿ
˵ͷѾ״룬 ſϵҲƣ ȥǲϡ
翴˵һ̣ Ҳݰ
ֻ˽Ųһ٣ͻȻ˼
ȿȣǴġƺЩ Ȼǽݰﵱûòⴳߡ
ǻû˵꣬ͻȻͣ
ɫޱȻǣ ʱڵķ򣬶һҲڿ
һˣͷѾ˴룬 ȴûһ͵ļȻʱкúöġ
Ժ֮ͻȻһʶĸоһʱ䣬ûܽǰԼʶκһϵ
˵Ļ˵һ ûзſֻ֣Ҳ΢΢̧ʱָڵķ΢΢š
㣬 㡭ɴ۾ ͣټϢ֮ 첽ڵλ˹
֪ô£羹ȻЩ޴롣
أңһˡ
ЩϢͬһʱԺ֮У𰸺ҲȴȥǸ𰸡
ĬĬһǸڿò֮ȴøΪ·Ѿ̫ȵȴſ첽
㡭㡭
ʱҲϡܿһԼơ
ԷοȥΡΡģ籾ܵĽһ¡
Ҿ֪Ҿ֪վˣڲϵظ⼸֡
ȥǳ۾Ķǰ
ͬʱϤļ֡
硭ǰˣ߿˵ˣޱȲɳƣûӡ֮ĸо
ɳƵڽг֮ͣһ£̶˵֡
硣
磬ˡ
˶ϳ˱˴ˡ
ϳǵĹߺӣϳǡԼһ˼ٵʱĵܵ硣
ʮʱȥϵûκα仯˼ȴѾͷ׷
˵ղŵĻһεĽԼһƶݰȻ¶˲ŵı飬΢΢ҡҡͷ˵ǻʵۡü临ӡ
ʱݰҲĵ˵ͷֱ
һ˼䣬ҲΪ˼һ棬û뵽ʱԼ龹Ȼ˵ĸӡ
Щڡ
תȥǰЦһ£Ȼͷ˵þò硣
һʱԺûһ˵
ﰲ˼£ھԼܹԶϵĳ
ֻվڶЦһ£Ȼ˵Ҿ֪
ߺʥһʱɷĳԣһΪƺȫһ
ҲݰڸʲôټֲڷǣλصϢǺͨԹãȵϢϲʱ֡
֪ΪʲôݰΪ籾·Ӣı£ն˽һ档
ʱҶΪ·ˣǾʲôƭˡ
Щ˲һ
֪ô£ԴĴ֮ݰǶԵġ
ԼĸôΪʲôϵ·أ
ݰҲ֪ǣڵЩŴ֮ʵҲҹЩʦҲһЩݰûùķȥԼĸ硣
ֱЩ꣬綼ûз
ʮǰոոʱֱǴаеǾ磬磬ΪܵĴڡ
ȻʱһĹȥʮǰĹҲ½뿪磬ݵˣӦþ˰ɡ
ûǵĴԡ
һ̣һĸʱΪ侲˵Ǿ仰ͻȻӯ
ֻֽס֣ȻЦһ˵Ҿ֪ҵĸ粢Ƿˡ
粢û׷羿˭Ϊʲôʱء
Ѿͷһֻص˶ʱ
ҪȫҫԼĸ硣
ҲڳЦһ˵ǲǷˣҶĸ硣
ʱʵ̫󡣡硱ƺһЩԱߵݰﲢûЦ
Ļֵޱȿġս˵ôᣬѾˡ粻ͬⱲֻѰһвйһҲûʲôϢȻҲûס
϶ĸ˵ԼЩľղ˵һ켣ĸȫһ
֮ʢһûо̫ˣԼĸ绹иԼ汲ȣһʵ޹⡣ݰ翴˵ⷬʱ򣬶ԷûвʣЩĵġ
Ϊ֪ԽԽ粢ϣԼͣϣԼһ
ֻϣԼܹһ
˵ţԺ˹ȥѾˣɼ־ɨӡԼĶһ磬һһ㽾Ĵڼ
ֻһͥԺȥһ̣ͻȻת磺ٶһЩʱգҪż뿪ô
ԣͣһ£Ȼ˲֮ǰݰԼǾ仰
գ
ԳĬһ£ЦŶ˵һݰȵ뿪
һΣڴӦ磬ҲڻӦݰ


77 
ӦĻ 統ȻʳԡݰҲûȥһֱأȹ˴ļ
Ѿ㹻˰ɣ һЩѾû˺ģ ֪Լ׷ʡ
ûݰ﾿ʲôˣûʲôģȻҲûݰʲôϵ
Ϊ͵ݰĳǽһСԺԭΪ˻Щغͼ򵥵ķӣû뵽ݰƺܿġ
죬 ݰסصĳǽ еʱһصɨɨԺӣ еʱֻڹڵĲԭۡ
绹ݰ̶ӵĺ棬С
ûù ͺı˷ˣӹޱȼ򵥡
ʢʱڣ عڵĲԭˮ쳣档һЩǱȽԶĵط ĲѾߵ
˵ǽһЩͯĻô˲ԭһˡ
һգ ݰ˴
ǵʱ Ѿߵϼӳ˷ɫġϵĲҲŷ΢΢ҡڣȥͬˣ
紩һɫľװ һͷԺ˸߸ߵβüĿ֮Ӣ֮ էһۿȥޱޣ 뵱ղŽʱݰʶǸûκ
صӸı磬صʱĵطƺȴ˷գ»صǸǵʱ
ſŲԭȥ
ݰı󣬿ıӰʱʱ֣ЩȵĿҲ̫
΢粻֪ĸʵݵϢ缸ҪʧڲԭһߵĺɫıӰݰ̲סЦһ¡
ȥʱȴԷͻȻתԼУŲ֪Ľ
һһƥҰɫԵͣݰǰ
ҼǵöʱھӪԱ߳࣬ҾԣҪҪݰȻĶ˳ȥ
شģֻľżŰɫĽʵ֪ӽʲô֣Ķʱʱ⣬ȴǰӵζֵġ
粻֪ʱԼҲɫϼӳĹ⣬ݰҫ۵ʤ̫
ЦӯӯسԼǰݰﲻɵһ£ź֪ȥҪнӹ
ȻʱͻȻⷢ
ݰŵִġҲһԣǺǰѩݱȴȫġ
翿ݰʱƥȻԭԾ¡ôǴɳϻĽսƵˡע״¡
ʱ˿̣עȫԼеĽ֮ϡ
ƥײһ£һƥҰɫԭԾ˼ȻͻȻһ߱ȥ
ģעϵĽϵ粻һǣݰһֱ磬һʱע⵽쳣
˵ֵͬʱݰҲȥȵץס󣬲Լڵķ
ҲһɲǣƥܾѸǰȥݰҲԼǰ
̶һ˲䣬߱㷢˱仯оԼһƬůԼݰǰ
ƥײһ£ղ˵ĶЩ󣬲ֹһƥҰɫݰĵƥҲܵһšֻƥһǣȻǰȥ
ͨһ̣ݰȴʹ
ʶץݰǰĻı۲ϵšҹҲ˹Ƿȴġ
ᵽζ⣬ĽζԼıǼ⡣
֪ǣһ̰磬ԼһͷҲõݰձߡ
ָоģһЩ
ͬζҲݰıǼ⣬̲סƣȻ󿴵Ķ֪ʲôʱ졣
ǱϼȾɫ
һ̣ݰͨͨûɵĽţȻս
硭ݰ̲סһ̽һ֡
Ȼսûͣٶȡ
Դʱ˿̣ݰǰǲŵķ羰Ǻķ
ԭݰһ仰Ӧñ紵ɢŶԣȴĴĶߡ
ţ̲ס΢΢ʵôˡ
һ̣ݰĿײһ
ݰ￴ձϼӳһǳ죬۾ôһ鷢Ҳŷա
ͬһʱʶŻ˺Ľ֪࣬ʶԼݰ֮ľʵ̫ˡ
ľ룬̲ס˵ꡭڤӱߵһΡ
ȺǼ£Ǻݺݵĵף˵֮ǰԼ˽ٵʱ򻹷šϰһ顣
ֻһֱŬǶμ䣬Ƕǰδеѹĵס
ֻһ̣˵Ŀײ֮ʱԭúѹĵҪӵļȴһӿ
£һеһľ췽ŷ
ȻʶҧҧҪתȥû뵽ǲµҪʲôһתݰȻؽһ֡
硣һݰСС綼һû
˵һ̣΢΢ͷĶߡ
Ǿ仰ͬϸ˿һ㣬Ķ˽ȥ֫ٺơⲻӣһʱ羹Ȼ˶
šֻʶķһȨǻӦ
Ϊˣҳһû뵽ݰȻ
ĸо걻ֵʱ𶥵ѹָСǸʱݰղűԼӡڤӣ磬Ĳ졣
Ǹʱǻᷴ
ڣݰûһѹָȴûٰ֡
ס˺
ֻһ̣ݰﳯЦһ¡
ڷУôձһǡ
Ǹоأһҹ紵˹һ£һӱݰһƳḧ磬סߡ
ڻ֮УֻݰĶȻҲ类ԼȾһ㷺΢졣
ݰ᲻˼⻹ô
Ƿͣµʱ̣ɫĿҲתصķ
һĨأ翴Խ߸ߵĳǽ֪ʲôʱصĺѾ΢ơ
Ҫˡ
ʱȴڤˡ
ݰһ߱䡣
֪룬ǰȥһ̣ݰȻһ˶ĲĶ䡣
Ӻʤ̫꣬ƽɽ󴨡
ǡˮģ
˼һ±˶֮ǰڵ͵ݰ￴鱾һ졣
ݰ˵統Ҫҷӣ̻ҡˮⱾᱳˣδȥϸء
һĨбʧƺֻʣݰ
̫ƽ֪ҿԼһѰɽ󴨣
ֻ׵أҪһ߱顣
ˡ


78 -
̨޼һǧ꣬ ֪ԭԷӲԼ
ǵ
ǧǰ
Ȼɣ֪ ʵҲһѪͳӳڣ޵Ѫͳ Ҳֻǳֹһζѡ
ɽھ⣬ĺȥǶ츣أνˣҲ֮ĵط
ɽвɲݣ һΣ ھɽѰܹĶ¶˵Сû뵽 һγ⡣
Ѱɲݵʱ һֻԷһĿģ˺ܿɽϴ
ԱʱѾ̨˵һֻȻĶ֡
ǵ Ȼɹֻնɱڽ£ȴҲСıҧһڡ
޵ϣһӡǡϽһϵ˿ڣ صȥû뵽߶ȻڵҪ֪Ǹʱ ޼ѾԼһѪͳ
һʹϮ ʱ ̨һͷ˿ȻףѪһξվϷ硣ʱ򣬴Ѿȫȫһֻˡ
˵һҪ顣
ʱһֻһ֪ʲôʱָܻⲢ鷳ġ޵ڣһûУѾûа취ʹġ
ɽ϶Ϊ󲿷˶Ʋ磬ڵΪɽ
ͬΪΪ㣬Ҳ·ӡ
ΪԼɣû뵽ʱȴɼ·ɽ
硣
ΪڤˣеʱҲϾ죬۹ͨһ
һ·ɽʱܵ޹һϢ
ʲôɼϣܵ·粻ü
ɽ춼Ƶ鷢ߵԭΪ˲ЩС¸Ȥû뵽羹Ȼʾͣ½Ų
ֻһǳɫȵһ̵ʱ򣬵һϢޣѾɼϡ
ޡ
Ĺټľ޵βûά̫á
ǵɼܵһ̣㻯Ρһֻɫĺꡣ
ھǶӣһֱԼߡ
棬˵޻һֱߣʵͺˣֱ뿪صڤ磬޷»ָ
-------------------------------------
һ¶˵ֻһССĲһȺҲҪŬԼȹһֻ
˵ȴûô򵥡
Ȼһ壬СҲܵļϸ񣬼ûиܵʲô飬ûܵʲô
ĳ֣޵˵ʵ̫⡣
ʼռǵ绹Ƕ£һκƺ̲ס˵һֱԼߵ
ӹɣϲģͬʱҲ֪Լݣֱ˵رһʼʱûФʲô
ֱһΡ
ٵʱж֮󿴵һĻ
ϵ֪ȹ޵飬Ϊ׵׶˶Է룬ֱӵ˵棬Ҫ罫Լ͸ޡ
籾ͬ⣬ûȴ޴ϡ
죬޶˵
ֻϧ˵ĲҪǣҲ֪ǰ޾ֻ
û˵ֻߵ˵顣
֮Ҫǰ˵ЩʲôѾ˵絣Լھʧֱ̬Ӿܾ
粻֪ԼĶ޵۵ǶôĮ
֪һĬĬ롪粻ǵԼһΪݹ⡣
һ죬Լ֮ϣôһǷ᲻һ
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