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 1 

žҹ󲿷һ˹ƽ˿Ѿ˯С
ȻҹάǣһʮС˫ֱϥڴأ۾ôģһضŵķ
ǲ˯ǲ˯
˵ҲᣬʱάǲԭάǣʮСһʮԻꡣ
һıർרҵѧһСɽҹϷ˭ɽʱΪҹڷߣһ̤գǰһڣٴʮСˡ
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˵ǣܿ˼ͳжӦֻһˣȻΧ˰ƺѾȥ
άҲҷɾ裬ֽһѲ˵ֱȽʵڼֲסһŲشϡ
һ׶ɴ˫Ҳ̲סУȻ˯άǱҪֵһ󲿷͵ƽǸˣԼҲ԰ȫ

ƺ˺ܾãƺֻһ۵ʱ䣬һƳڴάǵĶУֲסҲ·ϴʲôģһͷڴϣܿ˳˯
ٴѾ͸ӵķ϶ڵϡ
лԽµһ죬ְˡ
ά۾ɱĶӣһɥȾǰѶſڵĶŲߡ
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άǴ򿪷ţõϣůʮһһƣ͡
һһڴͭңպÿԳ졣
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ȻЩάʱûʲôϵֻһ˹ǣӳڶûǵС
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֪Ӱҹǽ͵ӣ˭֪ӾˣһºײԱߵӣϢȫޣӻߣѪĺӡ
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 2 

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ѡʥŮʲô
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ȡñһͷַԼ۵Ľ𷢰ȥ˳˿Ҳסά󻷹һԼסֵǮĶѾϣһ˳ԱȫҲ״ֵ̬ǮľԼûʲôʧȥˡ
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άǱ˫ۺĬ֡ܿ죬һЩ΢ʧֻ··ˮص
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ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ

 3 

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 4 

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ȴԼѺԱˣ
άǴˣ񼣣пܳΪʥŮѡˣȥʥؽܿ飬ϣһ̷ֱҡ
ŶˣǰԼȱ
ά֪Լ֮ǰڽõĶСû뵽ֱӾʥŮѡ׶ˡ
ᵽʥأһǹ̺ҪĵطάֻڵԼõϢʵ̫١

Ȼûе˵ķά뵽Ƕ˹صֶΣ˭֪ûڰ͵ԻǰԼװһеСȽĺӣϺ򶨣ȴڲϾűӣԿĲûô򶨡
Լĵƣ׾Բܱ¶Ժ㡣
ûзάǲ֪ȴϿڣԵģÿλʥŮѡ˶ԴһԼŮάǴˣҼѾڣûԸĻҽҳϵˡ
˫أͷ΢ػȥֱ棬ƺάӦͻһֱȥ
ְɡ
άûϴӦ仰Ҳϲ̧ͷ۾˸żỨһһúñֵӡ
ҲܿԼһݡ
ڷάǴϴͳ͵ĹУ˸ոŮصĶ
ÿѵרҵŮرĵطǲֵܷͼȻָʹ
ˣά֮ǰ׼λʥŮѡˡ
һλǵƹҵС㣬һλǻĹݲ֮࣬Ҳ࣬ÿֻһλʥŮѡȥʥأĺܼҡ
˭֪·ȴɱάƽ
ȻôѡʥŮҪĻּ⣬ֻҪϲ˵ƽūС
ǰֲûӡ
άڴͥ·֪ǲģûзϢԺܿʹ˳ȥ
ѾάǸǶǵĶò͵ʱ񼣵ӡ
λѡ˺ͱļȻҲõϢ
άǴ˿ѾסڣһٸҲڴ˼Ӻάǣֻһ̽Ķ
ոǸŮãӸոǼСǾܷάǵԸֻһͨƽСŮ
һʥŮܡǸǶôҫ¡
ά꣬ģмȷһλ֮ŮЩС˼ǿú͸
һζĲ֪Ʒ¶ǣά˸֪ˣ֪Ƕ˹˺ʱ
;ʰãһСǶ˹˻άǴ˹ͣϢƬ̡
άЩˣͻеʱ䣬ô˵ҲѯʣһԵϣµؿ
ǸպãҽǶ˹˺һЩ°ɣҵ¿ɲٳˡ
Ȼպᣬһݱϸġϡ뵽άС
ĳ䣬Ƕ˹һ䣬ǽϵĻʧٲȻάǷڵ
òǸģΪʥŮĻִһЩ
Ƕ˹˼ڷⲽȻ󽫶άġֺüƻ˵ộܵȻҰĺǻ۶ȱ
άǣҲܳΪԼһ·
ջʹһҳ϶ȣ3/100
лҪ˵άǣҲǱ˸񣬺ĳǾ䡣

 5 

Ƕ˹ʱպάǽ͵ʳĲ࣬ҲһֵĿգгϢС
ʱյôãǲҲ˵ʱ̶ڹעԼ
άǣϢĺ𣿡
Ƕ˹ıŹУ鶯Ҳκ̸еƣ·άãһԼõĺø硣
άûֱǶ˹۾ͷӦҺܺãлĹġ
˼˾ͺͣȻǶ˹άǲι۹ط
ò˵Ƕ˹һÿڲţĳطʱǼ򵥵˵֣ǻᴩһЩºȤ£ά汻Ц˺üΡ
ֱһз޳ĵط
д󲿷֣Ӧ˵ʿⶼһġϵϵĲզ
ǺܶԱշһֻħΪԼĴߡ֡ȡ
ʰƽΪȻǿȥ׽ħޣǿǣȻշħħ޼Ҳ̡
ͻᾫչЩ̣ʹ͸й֮ˣħ޵ȽԽߣԽֳеλ
άϲҿάһֻŶ~
ϡħȻ棬רһһչˣǶ˹ҲάһֻСŮӦöϲЩС
ȻҪʵΪɷҲһЩͼֵʵüֵ̡
֪ЩСͦŮʿϲ
ά˳Ƕ˹ָ˹ȥȻмֻë״۾ȴ֪ƷֵСڻˣ
ʱվŵάǰǸë޿عۣһѾ˷ܵسȥ󺰲֣άǵĻ
ϾʱߣҲУԼô鷳ûʱչ˺ó
ûЩɰ̾ǳ
Ƕ˹֪άǶ࿴ۣΪϲͳԱߵ̴ӿһ̴ۣӺϵһż߽ڡ
άǲõǻ˺㣬Щ̶ǹԵģ׽֮Ũˡ
ΪǶ˹ĻǼֻȫάǷ򷢳໵СҶֽţƺϾ
ϵţǳ
֮ǹͽĴ裬ûһβǰûģֻоԣǷڲŻֹ֮
Ȼһ˻ǲоʲôǶ˹ȴظܵԱֱŹ
άǲʱǶ˹ӣǰǰЩ̸˷ܡ
Ϊħ޵̣Ƕһǻ۵ģƽʱҲչˣû뵽ڻ⸱ģֱȼĸ
޳Ÿ໡֨֨ж˼֡
άĺأԺһշǿħޣ˵Ҳԡ
Ƕ˹Ĵ֮άֻǺߵЦЦȻ˳µıʾЩ̿ܲʺ
Ҳǣ⸱ģҪǱ߻֪ôάǡ
Ƕ˹Ҳֻ˵˵ӲҪάǴһֻҲͲٶ˵ת뿪
άҪ뿪ˣЩ̸ӷЩʼײϣϧϾ̣㣬ֻά뿪
𡪡
һ۵ĺͻȻάǾͼԱߵǶ˹ɫһ䣬еת޳ĳ
ЩѾȫſڵɪɪάﻹڲ²ʲôʱһɫĹâͻȻѶײڶ֮УΧ˶Ӧ
άǻǸоָһ۲Żع
һӵħάǺͻСм֣Ȼû˿ͼʧˡ
ʧάǾ͸ܵһ˵ƺڻ̡
ԣֻСϸŽɫëȴԲĺ͸ƵģͷϻһСǣ˵
ֻ˽ǵСС
Ƕ˹ˣ
άһ޴ؿǶ˹һluoɣ޹İ
Ƕ˹
볶һ΢Ц밲οάǼ䣬ǣ
ôƫƫλˣ˻ǩԼ
Ƕ˹άȻȥɣЩҪģⲻ󡣡ƨ
ܺãǶ˹Ҫֿˡ
άǾһ±ƵػصԼӣȻͼȻһȽϻܵ£Ҳ֪顣
ǣάеСŶԣǲ֪̣ʲô
ޣүޣŲǶ
һ۵ͯάȲ仰еĲ۵㣬ȻܺжԻάǸеˡ
֪һ磬άǻǵһ۸ܵ棬װٺãҲ¶˷ܡ
С޻ΪάǱԼݸˣവ꼸䣬ȴάǴϡ
ȥɣϢһˡ
˳ӵ뿪ûж°֡
άǽС޴ϣСֹҲԲͺԻ𣿡
С𣬡ᡣ
и˿ҵϵץסʼˡ
άǸĴˣüƽСƨ̬ȣֱӰУץסϵϵ
ĪĪ𣿡
Сޣôĸо
Լһξͳɹά¶һеЦݣȻͿʼȲɧǰСһ
ʲôް
ʲô֣ôƺ㰡
ոʲôǲΪˣΪʲôѡҰ
Сط˰ۣȴһһشάǵ⡣
޵ĺӣԺ֪
ҽаﰲûΪ֮ƽԼ
ﰲ
άǴǶ˹ոյ̬Ⱦ֪ǰСһﲻ򵥣˵ȻûӦҲ򵥣ȴǩƽԼ֪Ǳ߻ʲô̬ȡ
ֺóҾͽ㰲ɡ
ƺﰲû˵ʲôάȻûôͷŹһҹ
ȾǸΪʲôѡԼߵ⣬ֱάһ顣
ñͺķ˴󲿷İش˼˵Ͳͷóסһתƨɶάǣˣµ˵
˵ʵô˳ԼάҲǹˣԼ֪Լ£Ľ粻Ᵽ˺ͬҲס
Ϊ˹Իпռԣιֻ̣ǵʱܵάǵϢﰲҲ˲ôֱ࣬ӱ
ѵԼ͹Լ벻𰸣ùȣֻúϢ
άִӣȴһϣеۣҲͲֻƢ̫õСһ˴ͷԼҲ֮һߡ
úú룬˵ĻԼôӦԺͽ͡
ôΪԼãҲǶһ㱣ϣϾ֮ҲǩԼģֻƽԼ
շһֻ+2
лҪ˵عĳˣСȼ̫ͣøŸе~

 6 

ϣƺ֮С
Ƕ˹ٴγʱֻ˵úչ˰ûҪֻСޣҲû˵ҪάǸʲô۵Ļ
ҲȷԼҪԡ
ֻҲֻ죬Ƕ˹һϢ
άǣҪѧ㶫ˡ
ϾʥŮѡˣеǡ֪ʶʵͨͨ٣άǻСһжü
ǣѾǿҵֿʼÿ𴲣ߵϿΣСʱγ̵ӡ
ΪǸӲԶˣЩʦֱ֪ʶһԶȫάǵУ޶۵˿͵ѼʽѧС
άҲòϣĺܺãʹһɸ߹ʣЩ˵ʥĸС
ά˫Ȫ͸˫עʱ·鶼õϴӡ
ͨ׵㣬ֻҪװXһһ׼
ټԼ˵˼άʹԴϣЩγ̲
Ƕ˹ˣȷάǴһʥŮѡ
Ҵδ˵С
άǴ˾Իõδ

ЩǶ˹άϿһʱͻʦһ䡣
һޣһϲȫһƽĺӣǶ˹ԼļƻҲġ
ֽһγ̵ά˼ĳ߰ĦЩ˯
ά⸱ģԾ뿪䡣
һֻСƼάǵıйĲţҶˣ
άһû֮ǰҲû
ֻȻҲһʳиƷʵĹܸ֮ɳ
άǣһʳԱ
ʱҲʦγڵĹ֮˰ֻҪάǻͻҪԡģٲȻһԻ
ϾԹ˴⣬˭Ըȥײء
ȥʥأپһϴ϶óԣǣ⡣
ĻάǷӣ۾ͷʣпʼ⽫һõϢ
һʥأ̻ʡʥŮһЩҪĳԱʥУرǽ̻ʺʥŮƽʱ׳ʥء
ʥŮÿһһʥŮʮʱ䣬պѡһʥŮ
άҲίʹЩʦѡʥŮʲô˷·Լð㣬ֻǹؿάǡ
ͬʱһ䣬άǴ˲õģһܱѡΪʥŮ
άǣǲ뱻ѡʥŮ
ʥŮɵЩ£󲿷־Ǵ͸桢ͨôһãһҪꡣ
ͺʹ࣡
ҪģʥŮݡȥˣ
鼮Щʦû̸⣬ʥŮڵĹ֮Իûľͷ̻һ㶼ܻء
һܸоسʲôܡ
жıܡ
άǶ˹ؼҿһЩȴίܾҲһ
֮ǰ̽ʥŮѡҲ·𳹵ʧˣûάǣһ㡣
ÿ˾Ƕ˹Ǽλʦ
Ϊ˱İȫǡ
ѽûʵôʲô
ά𣬱ûĵһۣ͵ҵ뷨
Ϊ뿴Լûƺй¶ܹ𣿡
Ȼֻ̣ά̣ϻƵģǩԼʱάе˼άԻԾһЩױ
ûóˣ
άǺ޺޵ջذͷϵ֣ȴһֻס
ѽڵĵЩͨʥŮŸõĵġ
㲻ͨʥŮ
ͷάǵ֣ɻ߿ֻСްһͦأЩˡ
ԡԡԣ㣡ǷֻޣάǼðûּۻۣʵʵʼԼ뷨
֪ĵһμʱǹİɣ
άǻһϻ񣬼ʹ֪ҲˣϾûϢ
֪д񼣵ˣмɲλ
оʥŮˣʷϵľҲʮ־ء
ά͵ϰôʷ
ѧ֪ʶݴ󲿷ֶǳʶʥŮľƽ֪мɻ仹ʲôûϸҲάǾʥŮȤһԭ
ҵĴлֻǵһ˿ǴѹڰǱߣʱ֮ǹͽ
ڰǱҲ˸ļһְʧȥغˡ
Щģġ
۵ɤƫƫ˵ôҪάע棬ǵúúЦһ
ιôˣ
άǰסͷң˼һЩ¡
Ҳάǵ̫࣬İֻС۾ɿһĨЦ⡣
ǸʥŮҲǸȤļһƺʲôŮΪ磬ʥŮҪִ֮Ĺ涨ʮг裬ֻǽֲôãһг裬ӣޣͬھˡ
˷һЩϣѾû֪¼ˡ
ҲԼ˼ʮĺϷ
˫Ŀʼ˯ոԼ˻
ǵģ̾鷳ʲôʱܳ갡
*
άǵԤûͰ˵Щĵ죬Ƕ˹˾άǴ֮ǰĴǰ
ʽάǣ˹ǹѡʥŮѡˣȥʥزμʥŮѡ١
һʽ֮ģάǻõʥŮѡ˲еķκ֤
·ȻէһǴ׳ۣϸͻᷢ澫µɫƣ滹й֮Ͳһͨ·һɫ򱻸֪ǴάǿԽһЩ档
Ŷħߣά̲סѡ
֪ʲôʱԼķȣ˵ʥŮԼרģƺܸ߼
֤Ҳ֮ǰάǸСƬ߼ܶ࣬һ˼ħ޵ں˴죬зҪʱԱ
һϷάǾԼһ
ϲһþ·һ+10
֤һݣ+20
һ+10
ϧⲻǸϷ
κάһȥʥصĳʮ߽ʿ߽ʦ⣬Ƕ˹
·Ҫķʱ䣬ַάûзȨ
ģǹԹû㹻ʵǰԼһϸļ
ɳγֵ̣+2

 7 

Ȼܳȥάǻ͵͵Ǵ˿ŻңҲУǱס
磬ǰǾҲһֱܰάǰЩ
γȥʥأҲ֪ʲôʱֻܻΪ
άǴˣûҪʲô𣿡
ΪһȫŮʰСȫҪάǲġ
ңάǵʱ˵ֿտգҲûʲôҪƷ
·̣ܿġ
Ĳ£άǽġԼµ֪
Ƕ˹ѾţάЦŷһѣάǵһγ˹ɡ
άȻǵͷ¶һû桱ĿɰЦݣ˫ﻹŶڿĿռ𾪡

ĳֻСޣһȲάǻзɳ䵽ĵϡ
ӦþרΪ׼ġ
СѾͷһⶼûűүˡ
άЦһͷϲĳ֣ǿ־ƽ
ˣǶ˹ǰĳ̲ס¶Ц⣬άǻСԺһһ˵ġ
ң̫ˣСѾͷ⡣
ΣǶ˹ˡ
ǰڷ޵˵һ쵽ֻ˯û뵽ôϲùϵڿдȶˡ
Убүûʸ񡣡

άǵһСޣ̫Ƕ˹ˣ˼ҺôҲ̣һһСһһġ
û£άǲýţһ᲻ġǶ˹ЦǺǵӵȷʲôάҲֻüЦŵͷ
ʱ䣬ԼݼõǰδеߣȻǫ̃
ǰӿıǿзһغߣȻĽһ̱ʼĿϢ
Ҳά˿Ƕ˹ˣһվȥ
άǸϽ˸⣬û˸ʥصλãʹѾ½Ļͼɲ֪һվȥġ
Ƕ˹ȴάգգ۾صӣʥûоλã˹ǣҲںϣάҲ޷شŶ
άǣ
ǡ
Ƕ˹ֻҪϵص棬ȥʥصġ
˵꣬һ׼ĵơ
άǣǺǡǣõġ
һ²۵Ĵ𰸰
Ƕ˹Ѿʼ棬άҲ֮ĿʱѾѧ˱׼ĵƣһ޴ˡ
ֻǣĵ˺һ
άòǼλʦʱĸо󲿷ֵĻشǸоİƽ͡
άǣһˮʱѾչС״̬
Ȼڵʱꣿ
˵ȥ᲻ᱻͽϻ̼ܰ
ΪԼδǵάŶһɲԼҪ˼ô࣬Իδ˥ġ
ûа취ȥ͵һġ
磬ûˣûѣǰ;δʱĺԼֵϷը֡
У衣
һͳңĸ֪ʶӣҲֻǰȿľͺá
ԵԼ뵱Աϵʱֵ֧ͦģ˫һѡ˱ർרҵ
֮ǰΪʵϰ飬ԼѾûлؼҼ裬֪Ǹôˣ
ôߵĵطˤ³Ʋô
ؼҡ
Ǹôģ
˭
͵һάǴӵоѣ۾ˢһĿֻ֮Ƕ˹ͰǶܰĴԼУһҲûոյ
ǸҲԲκһˡ
άǵʹ۾·ϵ·˻ջҧҧһν뵽С
һӲ棬ԣӱûõĶ
Ϥ
㡢ǡ˭
άǿԼľͰһԺ˵
ңŶǸܿ֡
ܣάǺݺݵ³֣ʮļᶨ
ֵˣΪʲôܣ񵻸棬һӦ㣬һ˭
ô֪˭ǹ񣡡
ԷĬάҲ˵Χֻ
һֱ£һֱ¡
ðɣӮˡ
ȳʵǺڰ񡣡
άǣ
ͻȻ˵Լɵӡ
ιιιǲֲţ
Ԫ񣿡
Ƹ񣿡

˵Һòһܺġ
άǳǣҲƭ˵
ֵǸˣҲŲƭӣֻʲôѣ
ǣһ񣬺񡣡
άǣλôԺеģ
ֻ⣬ѵԼԽԭ
û֮ǰ˻һôģһ֪͵˼룬֪ܡ
Լô侲ĺԻȻھˡ
ҵĵط˺ܾúܾˣͻȻģ
͸ŵСί
ģ
ҵĵ̰
Ҳô
𰡣һ⻰Ӽˣҵôŵȵһ˵ģ߰
άԼδͺ˵զȺͰ˵Ѿ
˵˰죬ʲôϢûôģģ˭ô뿪֪ͨͨ
ң㣬㵽ʥأͻϲˣﳬһ춼Ҳһ˵ˡ
άûӼԼȻҲ֪Լ˭֪ܶ˵£
ҲѲңÿ㵻ʱ¡
شάǺۣƬռֻܿʣ
һ޳ӰʵĻ棬ά۾˼ʲôӡ
ĺܸ߰
תǺ֮ܺеνϷĺܺ
´ϸɡ
Իĺֵ+1
лҪ˵ͷʽ
֮ǰһСɰ˵ͷͷЦˣ

 8 

ӵжϵάûٽе棬һֱĴĽ̻鼮
ϧ˰ҲûԼάɥƿӴ㿴
Щûͣħߣ濴Ų󣬵ʵɸʮ˶Լ䣬˯ʱάǺǶ˹һһ䡣
ᶸ𣬸оԼһȫڸ·
Ϊ֮ǰǶ˹Ļάǲûп⡣
ǼʮʿʦҲ·һ㣬δŹǣֻż
Ҳ֪ôϢģ
Σʵĵ̲ס棬ƿӡ
⣬ػΧʿʦǴľɫ
һȥǴѩ׷ףһƿա
ǣάǾСƵģƿϣƿִ˲ƣ
Ƕ˹ЩЦؿάǣȻǸСӣôչѲͼʶơ
άǣڵʲô
Ƕ˹һδӵгͿڷάǣСӵ졣
Ϊ̣ҲοãĽͽģ˶¿νᳵ·
رάǡ
ʱΪѾάǵӣһʺƵӡ
ȡиʾãǶ˹άǵĴϻһףΪһƽûбˡ
ȥʥأ˹ıһ˫Ӯ¡
ûʲôάҡҡͷֻǿ쵽ʥأЩ
άʵҲҪݣװ׾Ͱչֳ
Ƕ˹ЦһάǣʥǾĵطֻҪȫŷõĶ
άǻɻ󣬡Ҳס
Ƕ˹ٴοڣȥˣˡ
ǿĹ֮ʥһܵõ֮ǰûйڹ֮ԭҲǴˡ
ûطʥظʹù
˵仰ʱǶ˹ϴųԣǶĳԣҲǶĳԡ
ҲܶжһЩԼС̣ʣÿ˶
˵ҪάءǶ˹ЦۣһʥŮѡʱδ⣬ҲֻʽΪʱȥʥأ졣
Ȼ죬ʵ˵Ƿ츲صı仯
ʱǶ˹ҲΪʲôô˾Ϊ̣Ϊֻ̲ʸȥʥء
̣Զ׺Ϊ⣡
ϧ̺֮Ҳвģеܳʥأеֻܷɢ
ܻάȥʥأֺγΪȷӣѹŮֱ̼³һѪ
ΪάǱֳĵǣֱ쵽ʥأǶ˹ûѾܶûе棬ԼҲѾʥ˴롣
ʾʮšˡ
뷢άͻȻһеڶ·Ա˵
һʱȥǶ˹˯˽죬ֻСԡʱİɵάǼͣá
άȻܵһ߼˵㵹Ҳܽܡ
ֻǶ˹ӻͳһάǻûʱͱɿ˦ǵʱҲͣˡ塱ϡ
άǣӭҵʥء
򿪣վǶ˹άǺЦ֡
ɫͷڹ⣬
һ̣άǲ֪ΪʲôͻȻһʱǶ˹Ƕ˹
ܿ죬ͱԼ뷨ЦˣִҲ֪ģȻլ̫òİɡ
С۵һǣַǶ˹ϣάǲڱ·ʦ޵츳
ڵɫĳ˳ɢڼ米ϣ͸ŵ۵ķɫôһŵĹС㡣
ؼʣһʮСŮȻΰĹһƵĸо
жƽȵģ޹֣֮Ů֮֡
˹ϢŻ̬ȵͻȻȥ߳ɻɡ
ˣٸĳɳʱ䣬һλϸʥŮ
Ƕ˹þò
ά³վһ̣ԵʧЩһʿʦͬҲǲ֪ȥģֻʵʵά󣬵ͷҷκζ
Уþò
Ƕ˹ѴкĿ϶άǺԼϵĿ⣬Ⱥúù۲һصʥء
˵ҲְԱһط֮һξĪҫ
ȫմάǵĹ⣬άûеʥŮһŮ¡
ЩʱȲõģάΪǰĽ̾
һڰеĻûκ֧ŵ㡣
һظܵһħ磬άǶȻһж֮ꡣ
ԼŷȣŷۣһӾһѤħٴɫĳо̼ͦģ
ߴƿάǿʼɫؿǰˣһŮǰ׵׺ߵķۣԺǶ˹һ̡
ҲͳһĽ𷢱ۣò˵Ƕ˹ʤһ
кȻ͸άǳˡ
Ƕ˹򵥵һ仰£ά¶һ׼ĹСЦλܸ˼ǣάǡ
˵΢΢ͷٲȻһֲʧòӡ
˰ｻ˸񣬻ɫؿ˿άǼϵİȴĺάǻŮǰһƺά˵˵
ϧǶ˹ֹˣҲʵ
Ǹ·ˣЪϢ
Ƕ˹ôֱ׵˵ˣ˼ԼݣȻֻܷУȻվԭҲ뿪ĿԶ
άǶܸܵȵĿ⣬ĿֶӦãǶ˹̤һֵ·ĿĵؿӾ
ʱһ˰ֻΪͷ۾ɿһ˿Ӻͼ
ʥأڵʥء
*
·ֻܰ߶ʱż
·ĽҶ˵Ҳǹϲһֲ˼壬Ҷǽɫġ
Ƭһʱһ쵽˵ĸо
·Ϊ˼鵽ʥصǷͽ
ͻȻǶ˹ڵÿһʥضҪһ顣
άûбͻȻĳͷʾԼȥˣԼʲôҲˡ
άǣܵʥŮǣҫ
Ƕ˹ָԶϵһ㣬͸ʮĿȡ
еĸҲߴ
Ȼ֪ΪʲôҪ˵仰άȴ¶һЦݣһ·ó̺õЦݡ
ǵȻģҵѡ
Ȼסǵҫ
˫ɫ۾ϣзڵҲֻǱ֪ˡ
ʥأֵ+3

 9 

άڸտʱҲһͷôȥġ
ڣǽ𰸵ʱ
߳·ǰڳһ޴Ĺ㳡㳡һ񣬺˹ǵһ
ֻĹ֮Ũܶࡣ
Աɫ׵֮㳡ֻˡ
֪ΪΣάǵһӦǰǸԼԺе˵һ仰
ʥس
ڼʹû뵽ǸУѾӵĻ
ȵİĻ˷衣
Ȼڵάǻû̶ֳȣֻǸǶ˹ȥȻͱ֪ȥķ
ǰĵ棬ܽʥء
˵仰ʱǶ˹ҲᣬҪվĽǲ
ά㿴һȴǵͷһǫӡ
ƺܵάģ́ͷ΢΢һЦʾԼû⡣
άҲͲĶʵڳʥǰǶ˹ʹʱҪλŮȥһݱѡ
ΪʥŮѡ֣һȥʥأʹǺܶС㣬ԸӺݸάǻǾš
һȨƣһλС˶ܡ
뿴ܲΪĺð֡
Ͼڵȱ˰
Ƕ˹Ѿȱۿʼ棬άҲһҪһ£ܲλӡ
У᲻ᱻ֡
ʹðգάĪԤУ˼Ȼ˵ԼʥǱȻ֮
ȻҪ֡
άǿɲߡ
֮ûб֣ǲǴӵʵȷСп˵
ң
һ뵽δȫ¶ȴܿһǵĶԸάľʾѹֻᱻǣҪǷų½ƶҩ衣
Ϥά˼ܿõ˻Ӧ
СѾͷͦ󰡣
˿±һŭ֮𣬻Ŀŵ
һָά˿ţ
˵һǫѧСģ

ǱֵˣȻЦ˼
άܸоԼΧǺڰĸţ޷ҵӵķλ
ңԻӹȻ֪뷨
ά뵽ԼĵӰкüӵж֪
ЩǰˡܣõӦԷʽ̹
Ŷ̹Ҳû취һķء

Ǿ춯صЦȵʰɹ»ʱЦĻġ
ʰꣿʲôӺ
ŶһֿԾ
û˿Ծ
ӰάǺӵĹƣû壬ĬĬްɡ
Ҫ壿ҲǲС
άڷֶһôˣҪ̫㡣
ɣҪٶЦһΣҾ͸塣
ӻǵһϱȴҲŵ֮ꡣ
֮ǰǼһ˿й¶Ϊ˻ɱ˲ˡ
һȴ֡
˵Ļذɣʱ뷨Ҳͦġ
˵ɵɣ˳ʥҲȫĹ͡
ԼǸѡÿһͬĽˡ
磬άûгɹڹͻڻȥ·ϱֱߣ
ʱֻ֪ʲôѡ
άǣ
ŬʼԼЦ˾ԽʲôԽ벻
ӡЦϼ쿪ġٵÿһЦάû뵽ЦЦӶ⼸鶼˵Ȥ
άڽʾ֭棬ɷ˲õĴ¡
죬ʥͻȻɧԭȻĹ۴СͻȻȫ׵Ĺâ
ЩڵĽͽҲһ˲ӵ״̬͡񡭡ˣ
ǺǣһǴ
һ쳣˽̻ʺһʥŮͬʱӸгһۺʧ
ٳʱڹ㳡ϣĹ̫֮Ũˣ
Ƕ˹ڵϣһ𾪿۵άǣͬɢİ׹⣬ǰĹӳЭ
ϵİܲסŨòάԶԶ㡣
ԱػʿҲˣͬصϥڵϣհⱲӶû񼣡
ڵάѾûΨһ̫һâ¶Ҫá
̻ʺʥŮ֮ʥڵλ´̣Ȼ̡ܵĽͽˣǵһҲǱǰⳡסˡ
й񶼷âһǹԽͽˡ
Ҫ֪ʹʥŮһжܺ͹һְֵĽ
ǰҲͰߵСȴ˵ƫ浱ǡ
˱ˣˡ
ԽԽʼܿһģӰò¾֪Ӱʲô
ʥŮͽ̻һζӣȻͬʱ˫ؿںʮӭ١
Щ˾͸˵ˣˢˢһƬȫ£Ϻ͹ڹ㳡𣬡ӭ
Ƭ㳡ϣΨһվŵֻάǣԺиӽЦ֪ԼĴ󶯾
ҲûСǰи׼ŶȤζһЦͻӻ֣ˣóȥˣ´μ
֮ȤһСϣϲ
ǣûüʼάһۣͿ˹ԼǰʿԼߺҲûǶ˹Ӱ
άȻתҪѰһ£Ȼ󡭡
ѽ
һѰס𡢺콻Ķʲô
ٶһŶԭǹһȺˡ
ȵȣ
άǱʹ۾Բ֣ۿûŪĻⶥڣ·Ǳ־Ե
ǰˣ̵ʥŮͽ̻ʰɣ
Ҳ֮ˣ̻ʺʥŮͬʱ̧ͷһȺͲ֪άǣͬʱ
úӣ¡
ʥŮҲһٶˣòͬʮҵŮӣάһĽ𷢱ۣ͸˰ĵʡ
һߵĽ̻Ҳ˿ѷɫòȻʥŮ˼꣬ɸţǽϸ۾ȫһ֪ʶԨѧߡ
άǣ
ػɹǸտأҪտأ
ɣӣҴȥ
ʥŮ֣һһ·续
΢տصάһ㱣Ѿȷȥܸоκ֮ǰǶ˹ǣֵĸоȫһ
Ƕ˹Ǵ൱ڰԻάǣȻˣ˼άѵġ
ʥŮȴһõǴ˵еġ˸
̣Ȼ˲ű
ǸȤĺӣϲֵ+2
лҪ˵Խһ°~
žһRPGϷάңͨһͬѡòͬԺֱ֧֡
ʹϷģҲ޷ϷĽչϾȤ~
άǿҪؽ[]Ůˣ

 10 

һۣάĻȫĲһ
ԱߵʥŮվһȪԱߣɾ峺ˮӿϸܿССĲʺ硣
ǰһãԭͨĽͽóֵĵط
άΪʥŮֱԹһ
˸ովȺ󣬽̻ʴǶ˹ҲһԱߡ
Ϊܴ󣬼ʹһӿôˣάҲȫûиоӵ
άǶ𣿡
ǵģʥŮˡ
ά΢ͷʾԼƺֳ˲СĶ񵽵ʲô
ѲɲտػǸأ
ʥŮ˫һ˿⣬úŬԵ
Ѿһǳֱ׵Ļˡ
ʹոάֳ˲СĶֻʥŮѡˡ
ʥŮ˵仰˵ҿ㣬һܵʥŮ
һʵ˵ҾԼ̳ҵĻλʲô
άǲûȡͬĸˣ⻰ʱһ⣬˵úãľֶش֮
ԼֻҪһ컹ûΪʽʥŮʲô¶пܷʥŮһ仰ͰԼܻϿˡ
ܸоԼϵ߶˼֣Լô죿
ֻܼװʲô˼СЦ˵һŬ˵
ȻʥŮͳһͷʧˡ
žԼð㣬̻ʷ˷۾ҲһЦʧˡ
λˣʣһЩ˴žòֵܱ̫Уͬ½½뿪
ֻмӦʶǶ˹ģ˵˼ǶǵĹϲҲ뿪˵ء
ȪԱߺֻܿʣάˣŶаֻʵſϵ̡
ʱǶ˹ڵȵ߽άǣͷؽάһƲСĵĽ𷢱𵽶󣬡άǣһҪŬȥء
·ħૣַ·ĸ׵ĶǶ˹ĻάϵЦֲ֣˫۾ԡ
άһ᳤ġǶ˹ˣ˵أ
Ȼᱣǵάǡ
˶ߣַɿƿʵ뷨ֻԼ֪ˡ
ҲҪټһ
*
ΪʥŮѡ֮һάʥסţܸһסǶ˹Ҫص̸סĵط
λѡѾˣӦúܼܿ档
ά͵Ƕ˹Ҳûٶ˵£ֻؿһۺ뿪
άǴˣ
Ƕ˹뿪һϢŴ򿪣һŹܼҷε߳
ҽв٣ڽһʱ为άǴһЩճȺ
вٵ˶͸Ŵд࣬ʱҲһһ۵ģǡάϲҲӦһˡ
õģ
άǹԹԸһһ̤Сׯ԰̤һȫµ硣
˵Сׯ԰άǵӽʵСҸеĶУӵϿǹռزǺܴӣû뵽ȫһ
ѵħ
ԽԽڴʽѧϰʹù֮ʱˡ
ٲûдάǹ̫ãֻǻĽһׯ԰ʥصһЩɺͱʾҪȥһ¡ѵ
ά򱻴Լķ䡣
ʲôҪҡһ壬ǻϳ֡
ȺúϢһ£ϻһʽļᡣ

Ǽ䶣άѾȥ󣬲پʹƮȻȥƮȻ·ûκ֡
άǣٺţѼϵİһץסǰոʲôϸ˵
á
Ե̫ţάôһΣ̲ס͡
άǳ飬Աߵӣ˳ƽϣԼҲ£Ҫúá̸̸ˡ
áһãƺԼĶӣЩǲλ
һɣ¶ë׵Сӣȸ࣬ҿˡ
һϸ۽׵ָϰСӣһ̾Ϣոտɲˡ
άǶһ٣㡣
Ҳӣ񽵡
񽵣
һ֣άǾ֪˸ոΪʲôһۻô˹Լǰˡ
񽵣˼壬Խ١
άǵһβʱ񼣲ͬһʱֻף񽵿ɴʱάҪԸ⣬ٰʥز⡣
Ǽ񽵣άǸϽ׷ʡ
ɡ

ά˿ҲǷֵȼģͣһߣ˵ӹһֻΡ
ÿζǹͷ˲֪ٽͽĲһ񽵡
񽵡Ҳûõȥ
㲻ģһʥŮ֮λ϶ˡ
ǰһܴ񽵣ǹǶϲˣȻʥŮ֮λѾ˵άǵˡ
ǡҲһŵ°ɡ
άջԼ֣һ̱ҫ۵ĽҲΪ˵ʧȥ˹ڵ¶ɢšɥ鷳ҪϢ
һ㶣漴;Ц˳ڵ
άǽͷ̧𣬽һкָ̣
Цݣ˵ϵĹȡ
ָָӣ˼ԣάȻǺܸӵֱָӽ水Ħ
ףôоⳡе죿
İɣǰϼһﲻģҲǣͣһ£һЩеĿ黹ǻеģпᡣ
ĻȻû˵άȴ֮⣬ҲͻȻʥŮոΪʲôҪô
˼ûʲôͻġ
ǣһ̾Ѿʼˡ
ΪĳڣҲҪԤԼĲʵܲӴܸĹ
߻һЩ˼˵ļһ
ôԼһʮֺõġߡ
ǲǶ˹Ҳ㶫ŻͻȻһ䡱Լ˵Щ
ǣڰʾԼʲô
ͷͺ
һֻάǣͻȻʧȥ롣
뵱һԵ㣬ƫƫһһ
ˣˣ
ҸĻ
*
Ȼ磬е׼ǵеģΪ˷ѣҲûйЩͷ·Ҳǰеĵȼ
άǾͲû·ű׼ʥŮѡ˵ķΣֻͷױݵҪԒһ¡
Ȼǽרҵ
ٺ׼ʱάǵķţȻ˻ͬʱһŮ˺
άһӾͱ㶨ˡ
άǴˣǶ˹ѾſڵȺ򡣡
ά׼һкƵؽ仰˵άһʱ֮䶼˵Ǿ䡰ô˵
ֻһЦõģ֪ˡ
˵磬ڳȥֻάǣʺϸȥǶ˹һġ
άǡ
Ƕ˹Ȼվſڣһ飬άǺʧУӦǷŵռȥˡ
Ƕ˹̣缴ʼ
ٰǰ·άǺǶ˹ں
һ˳
˳
ġ
ס
֪Ƕ˹ʲôʱĬ
ԶάǶ˹һۣȻ˫Ŀֱǰһ΢΢Ϲ
ʽ¶档
Щˣͨͨɢ
𼵶ʣΣֵ+3עΣֵ5Сʷ⣬10ΣգĿǰ4

 11 

УƽʱѵһĴ̡Ｘһ۾ܿü
ΪʥŮѡΣ˱ʥڵ̺ʹȫأЩĺ´Ҳټ˻ࡣ
ЩУҲֵġ
˹֮ǰֱǱͿ
Ϊƽʱһλ´̳פЭ
ܳΪˣҲλ̽һν̻ʵߣҲͻֳ
ĿǰУʵǿǴ̵ʵʻǿǵһġ
ǵʥŮѡҲʮֳڣǿĸ߹һ־Ѫܶ˵һ۾ͻ۷ò¡
ؼĹ֮ҲʮŨ˵һβʱĹâ̫䡣
ѷһıƳĺѡҲСѪͬ߹󣬹֮ͬŨ
λһȣ֮ǰ˹׼ĺѡ˾Բһ㡣
˭뵽ٵͷ˹ҵһλѡ֮ӡ
˵֮ǰĲ񼣿˹һ֣ǰ񽵿Ŀ·ģ˽̻ʺʥŮ޷ٵġ
άǲ֪ѡʥŮľݣΪ´̵ȴ֪һ
Уĳ谮˵ռ˺ܴȣǡ˲˵⡣
ϻƣǵˡ
һλЩ֮Ĵں͸״죬˽
״̾˹ˣҲǶ˹ϼǶ˹üȴȵһ졣
Ҳά񽵡
ҵϣһ˳ЦЦ֮ǰǶ˹άǣĻ㱨СŮǸɵĿо֮ˣ˳ûһϸ
ʤļҲܶࡣ
һλԼʥŮĿ˵Ҳһӷ
ֻǡ
׿ſڣͱλʥŮѡͬʱſڡ
һϸ΢һֻʣ˶͸һʥŮѡˡ
һ罾һ£˵ò˶ܷʥŮҪ
ҪǲͬʱһʱǶʥŮĺѡƫƫôɡ
˽ʱߵĺܽҲǳǳЦ⣬ⱳ˼ԡ
ˡ
άȻŨҲһ㣬̫Сˡ
һʮСŮǶδ죬׷һЩϵġ⡱
ʥŮôҲǸˡ
ѡˣһʮ꣬һʮֶ꣬ǴģĳЩȷܳɫ
Ҳв˻ڹ״̬ҪάǺһĳ֮ͣǰ񽵣ѡζûнеıҪˡ
׵Ƕ˹жϣΪͶСάǣһԴ
Ȼ׵ĺ̾˿Ȼĺѵļ򣬡ᱣġ
ûлӦŵ٩ĻǼſڴάǺǶ˹ˡ
ʮСŮôҲˣòδҲСǴСƽֶһܳġ
Ϊ֮£󲿷ȻǴҴҼۣҲǼάǵġ
ÿƯȴЩʶļһľ̾
ֻнһ̣Ҳǰάˡ
Ҫٳꡭ
пպǶ˹İɡ
ǸĴ̻̾ʵļ̫СΪԼǰ;վӾͺҪ
滺£άǣڽˡ
ĺСԱ޳Ƕ˹վһſôԵ߲£˵߾Ȼһ۶ץˡ
֮ͬǰѡˣάǽʱϲûдκЦ⣬ıֻǵɨһֳ
赭дȴ֣¡
˫۾ֻһԼĶһ롣
ʱѾάǣǡ١
һֱͻȻͣȻ˼
Щ̺Ҳ¹ЦݣǶάǵġ
̵Ĵ󲿷ˣڳЩȻǾӢеľӢҲ֪ٹʥŮоһЩرʥŮ
ܹͬϲͬ츳ڣΪ²֮ģҲв㸲̵ġ
⣬άǲ֪
½̻ʺʥŮ˴˿ͷ۰ɡ
ݼάǼɹסһˣﲻһ˿Ц⡣
֮¾˳ˣλʥŮѡˡѺáĴк̴̺Ѽ䣬ż¶һСӵıԣһζĵ⣬¶һҸ΢Ц
һͳɹĻ
άҲڵõǶ˹ĿݻصԼӡ
һŮѾڵݸ裬רҵɱάǵʥصĵһˡ
ֻüطɾûôˡ
*
ӲС
仰ڲʱ䣬ڲͬĵطͬʱ
άʽ¶ǰϣСϸذڲ˵ϡ
ȻزһҳɴҲƶϳٶҲкܶлϣ
ϣʥŮѡܻʤϧϣڽ챻ʣ޼
˵λ̿ǵԼĵʧǽ̻Ȼһ
λ̻ʿĶţܵϽ̻ʵĸ򵥣۾Ұġ
άǣǹʵҰĵ
Ͼÿһ񽵵ʥŮǿҪģǰѷĵúÿͽ
ùҫ½
ùֵ+4עÿʮֵתΪһֵ

 12 

Ըƣάǲһ֪ǧһ仰Ҳΰ
ԴӾȥ͸ֵҰƵģȫơ
ڵزάǼʹ뵱ʥŮû취ɲʥŮʥĸһôвȥ
ԣ׶Σֻһ¡ƴȫʥŮ
ڵʥŮ£ǾԺ˵ɡ
㵹ÿ
ӣԣԽ֮ǰ˸άǵ֣Ҳ
û취ôСô죿
άһĿϣػش
ͷһССյӣһƬСռһ˿
һ壬һɳһƣάǳЦĶõĺ
һЩ̣Ӧͦġ
ͺĻһߵͬһϣֻάǸҪһЩ
˵ͦģ֮굹Ǻܻܡ
һʥŮѡȥϴ̣ý̻ʺʥŮôң
άǷ˸ۣģҲĵʵ뷨ˡ
Ϊһûǻıѡ̫ӡľǱԼ㣬һ̫㣬ȲȥЩϳ
̫̫һǿƵĵûк³
ۡ
һЦ˵ͦԣˣʱ䵽ˣóȥˡ
У
άһͦ
ûеȵĻӦʱǰ
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һаһпҲάǵľ֡
ѾʽҲ̸˼䣬ƾôʱ䣬治˵Ը񾿾ô
֮ǰǶ˹ҲԻģܽĸ֣ȱ
СƨԼѾ೤Ŀ˫ݡ
ʵͬʱұһλĺ´̣޿ɴ̡
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Ҳһһ̷֣ʱʺλѡ˵·ˡ
Ǻǣ޿ĵɫӣЦеصͷϻͷҲ˵ˣʥŮѡһΪ
۾ͬʱһݣ¹δԼԲܴһ֡
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һǿλĹ֮Ҳ츳
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޿ɼڶʥŮҪһŲ֮ģǻÿһͽ
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ά㣬˵ĺʹxiaoƵģڿʥŮϴ
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ˣȥڰؽһ£ϣǵʱܸһĴ
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һڴþУǱ̫Ŷ
޿ɴЦݲûðͿ¶Ц⣬츳ֶע
˶ΪԼ츳Ժģ˭֪ɱάǣֻǱɡ
ڶֺ͵֡ɲٿصĵط΢һЩˣôǼȻʥأûĻȥ
ά񽵣鲻һ̣˭Ҳ˵׼
עǰСޣ޿Щǵ˫һ˿⣬ɴ̡̻ʺʥŮһֳġ
ڶ͵Ǿ˼ҵı綷ɽ̻ʴİ
棬άǵһռƣڶռƣռơ
˵ƽĺܰ
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Ƕ˹ûоάǵĶǿʼѪ׺ܸߣ֮ǰʹлһڰ˾Ͷ
ǻʿѵǰ۲Сͻ־ͽջ顣
˵ܹƽǸռƣάڽµĶ΢
Ƕ˹޿ɴиֱ׼𣿡
άҡҡͷ˼ҲС
Ƕ˹һЦάǣֻҪˡ
֪Ƕ˹֪ʲôάҲܹԾûʡ
ˣÿһдܣҲǶ˹
ڶ죬άǾ͸ŲʥصĴá
ʱλѡѾˡ
άǺܵߵվʮλ̺̣׵ǽ̻ʺʥŮ
λϣļ֤½ʥŮĵһ顣
̻ʵ˵ʮǺϣζҪͷϵĽںͽ̻ʵרΣ˸оʺȥѧԺ顣
ά֪òȡҪõģν̻Ѿʮ꣬Ȼû˵ʲô󹦼˵˼ڱء
ʥŮѡεһأҲûʲôڴ¿ʼˡ
һϳģǿİһ֮Ů
񣺵ʥŮɽֵ+10ʧܳͷйֵ

 13 

Ϊ˹ƽ̻óһ֮ˮҲάԸ
ֻֻϣԼһʱ䣬ˮɿߣһֱά۾е㻨ˡ
ܿ죬˸İͣһһġ
ʮ
̻ʷɿ챨һˮͨʵһʮ־ܵ
ܽһ˱̺Ĺ֮תɰߣԽ࣬ⷽ츳Խǿ
֮ǰֻƾۿʱжĿ϶ϸ΢
ٵİߣѾﵽ˺´̵츳׼١
ͺñʥŮİ߾ʮŸ
ڶλǿİʮȰԲ˼ߣ
άΪϳѹжٰߺܶҲв²ġ
볬İ٣˵̻ʵİٶʮһάǼȻ񽵣һȽ̻츳ʤһ
٣ÿˮķ
мλȽϵĴ̣֪Ҳ࣬ͲڷǼλ⡱ʥŮϡ
ǵʱɶǡ
άǻַŵˮϣ漴͸оһü
һ߳֡
ҳһëȫûͣĸо
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̻ʺʥŮͬעάеˮ򣬲ǵ鵹ǵܶࡣ
ʮһֱµİƺͷ
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ĬϢ̻ʵŻ֣һǧİʮ
⡢⡭
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Ҳ˵άǵĹ֮Ե´̡
ˡŰ
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ʹ֪С츳ֵԲͣ߳Ҳû뵽
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άǱκһ˵ݶҪߣúһܴ۷壬һʧأ²һ񽵡
˴Σάǻʤ
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۾ҲΪһ׹⡣
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ӦԵĺǵ壬һҲСŮʮꡣ
һûκĿٽˣȻά˾һõһᡣ
Ǹλͽϣ󣬵ڶοʽʼԸĹÿڰ
ԸĹÿڰ
ˢˢأ仰άеľᣬ΢΢ͷҲû˿еĵĮ
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ܽκ
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붼ܡ
άҲӦԼѶȣҲƺòȥͽһǱɹġ
ԣ־ս
άԵ˵׺󣬾ͼ¿λƽ
ý̻û̫ݣƽϸʮ꾡Ҳάǿһ˵˿Բҵʲô̶ȡ
أƶߣ飬ĸƤģһСá
ĸȻǣ䲢ãƽǴŰ
鵽ܺãغܳãƽʱеõĶ
ڰʮ꣬ĸ׻ȥֻʣˣûĸףĻЩ
أСȴСֱ˵ƽʱ㣬һûǿԵģ
˿Ŀİꡣ
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صãǡóĲץˡ
ʹʱİٴҲֲѵصĴˣΪŭλ壬֡
Ƚһİٴҵʱڡ
ʮСûһõĵط۾ɵôģƺڿĲ
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ΪǷڹ̵Χڣ͢Ȼķ׷ɱ
ӵ˺ڰ̵ĵؽ磬Ҳ׷ɱһʧЧֱǰڻԵɺץˣ֪ΪҲûɱһֱѺʥؼС
еľᣬάһ̾Ϣ
صάǿûжԴ֣֮Լ谮ҵķʽȥκˣҲòȥάǡ
ϾҲǸСǳģŷԳ𱨳
Թ̵Ľ񼫡
ݡԵ±ԹǹģҲǺڰһֱù̾αԭ
ҲΪزܻһΡĹ¡ĻᣬǲǿʵͶٿԱס
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о»ûѡˡ
άһǷݾᣬٴϸͼҵһ˿İ취
ΪԼΪ˰أάǶ˾Ϣȥ
֧ߣ֮ޡɽصģʧ޳ͷ

 14 

ꡪ
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ڸǲסС͵ʳĸO@
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ҸŶԭζƬóˣһ˾ܸɵһ̣ꡣ
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άǼ˹һͼ̻΢ЦŵͷýţǶǱ谮ĺúӣԺδҪǡ
ÿ쵼߶óģ̻ʸٮٮߣάŶܸоԱλ鼤˼֡
ȻҲпݵģһ
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ܸоԼһֱߣλˣ֪жã
۵Ůͯ΢죬ǰʿȴһҲûŵûͣ²Ҳشάǵ⣬ܿ죬άǴˡ
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䣬ƺͰ˽շݵĻ˵ˣֱӺһתˡ
յС㳡˲ֻʣάǺΣյͽ
㡢ãάǳŴһкҽάǣʮ꣬ȥһʱ䣬ָ̡
˵λʱάʵһֱעص΢ȻǽʮʱĶԶһ㡣
ȥʱҲʮ֪꣬ǲǽ̻ǸԼͻƿڡ
άǲ㣬ӣóʲôƣԼģ
ԣ֮ǰ׼Ķϣܳɹɡ
أøжȣ15/100

 15 

ͰشкûӦάҲܵһԵУҲǽȥԼס
Ӳ󣬵ȫϴԡͲ
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½òϲֵ+1

 16 

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άû˵ʲôһͷЩµĹ壬һΪƽƶǳͷֻ֮ǰ̻˵һ仰
һƺֻһ򵥵Ŀںţʵȴһʮѵ£йкڰЩάһһܳ
ǣֻҪˣǶԼҲǶάõĽ

ЦúܴЩ˰˵ĺ
Сһ⣬Щ¶𣿡
άǵƤһٵİұġ
ʵʲôϵԷű¸ҵʵ¼Ҳֻάǹеĸơ
һЦӶͣάǵ˼޷ǾǻŻɱˣȸһűˡ
ǣΪʲôʱûȾأ
һԵʿصƺԣվάǰ棬ȻżķأԷһǺõġ
άȴʿ˳أϣǻټ
˵һ䣬תʿˣ߰ɡ
õģάǴˡ
ıӰûжĻؾά뿪һսԿٲ˰̡
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Ϊ׵Ȼǽ̻ʺʥŮͿҲѾǣ˵飬άǵҲһʱ֪λȡʤ
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̻ɫͻȻһĿֱֱؿάǽȥǸ
̻ʴˡ޿ɴ̺һ漴ʥŮҲüͷһ壬⼸˵ı仯ڳͻȻ˲
ողʤ
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һ׹ͻȻӵصðĶͣͶߵĶ͡
ڲ֮ǰͬİ׹⣬ľ룬Ҳֹ
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ֻĪǣ
˵Ŀⶼۼάϣһ̣ʤ߰ҪעĿ
֧ߣ֮ޣɽ60/100

 17 

ʤߡ
ʹ˵ڶ׹⣬ȴûб仯
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άദһʱʱֻãԸ⽵ҲҲеġ
ڣǶ˹֪άΪʲôῪġ
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ȥڰؽ磬ʥŮѡˣǴŸԵġ
άǵ񡭡
Ҫһ߽׺ڰħ޺ˡ
ֵ5/100

 18 

߼ħˣһǺڰԵģҪʮҡ
Ҫɱںڰؽ磬ɱһֻڰԵħޣѳ̶ȡԶ
άľý̻ǲҸԼȥͶԼţ
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ڵʥȫ״̬κϢ׳ѣΪ˱֤ѡεĹƽͺѡ˵İȫ
һһƿҩˮ
άҲֱӵݸһƿֵҵҩˮԸıǵķɫɫòֻξ޷ıˣЧֻʮһ졣
ҪЧڽǰûгڰ̻ĵؽ磬άԵĽ𷢱ۣ˵Ҫץġ
СĽָ̬Ǳ߿ûôȫ
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էһ˻мơ
άǳһ£ǰѻ˵ڣ㿴֤ãҽȥ磬԰ɣ
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أŶȥýаˣȻĵͷҲϻֱ
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Ȼ谮õĸ綼ǻģˣһͷӣöȴһҲ©
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ǰ˵ٶάСܼͬʱ̤ϴħһ׹ʥﲻ֪Ӱ
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֧ߣ֮ޣ70/100

 19 

˹ǺʥأάʮΨطԶο飬лмڴġ
û뵽ĵطȻһƬɭ֣Ҹովȣһֱֱš

ǵ⣬Ҳǰ塣
žϸܵȵѪ
άǣ
ɵ˺𣿣
Ϊһƽʱ㶼ûɱͨάǻǵһôֱΣճϡ
ƾǿʣάǵ߻ƣոǲߣ忳뻹һŤһŤģΪõؿǶϽشĺ⡣
άǣҡǡ
һңֱӿάǾܣѪζħޡ
ܻժ˼ƬҶʹάһĨѪʧҶӱ¡
治ǰء
άǺôһ䣬ֻԼʵ̫ˣҲۣ仰˵ڡ
ԼһٶȲӦòˣǽ϶ҪƬɭҹ鷳ôС
ԴͶڵĺڰ֮Ҳת˹֮Ҫǰɭֶ˵вڲֻܶܿ壬һƿʹҲЩꡣ
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๾࣬ˮȥά㻺˲ʵͷУ治ģһάǹԼҪȥˡ
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ɭֿħ޺֣ܶϽ뿪Ϊ
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ӵ񿴹ɡ
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ðҲǹҪΪάǣˬͬˡ
ȥάڰ廳ܵߺķ磬Ҳ֪ǿʲô淽ģ֮ܿĿȷֱֱһȥ
ܿ죬ҹĻ٣ɭﳹױΪһƬɫ
Ҳͣ˸·ĲҹɭʮΣգǻǲҪðΪá
˸ܱȽϿտλãشһ񣬼ѣΧħ޵ҩۣһǾḻ
һԵάǴʱԵúûˣֻܰæݵݶ⻹
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άǳĬƬ̣ţֲЩ壬㲻õҡ
ڵİȻάǣҲ֪Ҳദô죬뽻Ļúء
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˵ʵÿʹʲôһʥ಻µĸоҾеòӳάǵһۼʱɻһ£Ը񡭡
ʵôǿԼɱֻħ޲гԵˣңǾ鰡
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ܿ죬άǾƷԼĲ²⡣
Ϊ⾫ʵжԼΪʲô˵ġ
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ɽ1/100

 20 

֡
Ϊ˿ϡ٣òóľϵͷϵħ׺ߣһ延ӭ
Լľĸͺڰͻ˵ǴӰһ壬Ҳû˸ϳ֡
ȻͲ˵ˣϾǵòȷԡɱˡ
һѧϰʺ淨һ嵽ʮ겻ȣоԼѾɳΪһϸľͿԻܿ顣
Ǹոճľ飬ֻƺ鲻㣬ʳﴢȻԼֲᶯ֮ǰһֱɭĹӹӡ
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뿿ˮһµʱ򣬾һСĵǱߣȻάǡ
˵ʵάǸʱǲŵģ׽ֲҲбɳԲɳԵ
ȻҲɣϲ߲ˮ˵ɭУ˭ԹĲãͲܡ
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ܵάǻɵĿ⣬ŭ˸ʵ֤άǵ˼ԳԵҰˡ
ȻóһڹӣˮŲˣżŴΣÿӽ˽Ϲǡ
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˵һС͵ķ̺ܿɢȥ
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ƺʲôԭɱĴڰ
ǺһͨͣûкȫУ⻹ݡ
ԣҲ׿ɭˣҸǰɡ
Ҳ׳԰׺ȣȳɭ֣Ҹһ֮ˮô
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Ǿĸϵ֭ˮ˵̺ǿһξܰ˴˸˲Ѫ൱һǿbuff
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ȥ׿˳ǣԼһʱ䡣
ݺӦ˵ֻͬм죬ûҪ½
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άǣˣллҾܾ
ڵӶƵ㣬һΪӳɣжٶȵĽӣܶԼ˵ôĵĻ
ڣǼ鼴
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Ϊǵ·̵ȷɺܶࡣ
ǰάǶ㿪һЩõĵΣħֲʲô
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ҹһѣͳάʱͻȻˡ
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仹żȫԵǧֻΪһЦĳ嶯
ϧǸģ鷳ʳζħޡ
оݣʮŷ
һҲˣȻһ㡣
ֱӴһָ½ˣζᴫȥġ
ʳҶУ㿴ǰóԵģϧҲ⣬֪İɣ
ţάֶ֪϶ʳģֻйܵҲֻϿ
˼ˮĥάǣ̲סһڿˮ
ʲôȻ˶ȻЦŴսάǡ
СάǣûԹɣĺܺóŶرҲòš
άŴ۾壬Ҳգſ壬һ˲侹Ȼе㼸Īơ
üëݺһ飬ۿάǣͲж
άǻû˵˳Ծĸģûк֮ģЩҲû⡣
ĸԾ岻ֹĸףģǾĲ⡣
άǰ粻ͬ磬ǸҪĶѺڰ־˺ڰ̻úһлᣬ϶ǳ֮졣
ɾķһҭ漴Ҳ
žણֳƺǿģö˶˵ľСҲƳһŰװ۵˺һ
ʱһֻССĶά˶ȻĿºһЦҡŻ᣿
ôҲʳʳ֮꣬ʹԼƽʱֻ᳴ݸ棬ʳɱһҪò١İɣ
ɽ5/100

 21 

ʵ֤άǿʳ֮꣬û˫ʳ֮֡
ʱ
ǲеС̫ȣ
ŴȭͷСֻĴֵָǿ飬άǶԼڱ
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άǿݹιӷ˳ôһ÷Ŷΰ
壺
ŷһӵӵԥҪҪӴάǣʱƫƫԱ߻иɵȱɿص̾һ
ٶŵ㰡㿴ôˮء
ţһŹͷô죿
Ǿټˮ£
Ŷͦеġ
ݺݶιӣǣһߴȥ
άˣ˵㲻ǲ𣬵ŵԹԺ˾Ӷˡ

ʵҲ̸ϻ᲻ᣬֻСʱǸĸײǣҪ뾡һа취ѰҿԳԵĶȻΪãҲܰЩʳŪԺóЩ
ٺЩ£Ϊ˱Ĺϳʲô
ʳ˵ֻһĶˡ
ȻҲûʲôóԵģʱʮٴιӣ徹ȻһֻȻĸо
Ǹваôûţ
Сѯʵ
άҲ֪ваʱ磬ΪһãȻǡ
УҸô᲻У͵ưɣ
Ѿһеİ壺ͻȻάϣҲǼ¡
Ȼ̱Ͼֻġ
㡫
๾ֺһάԲĶӣҴ˸ʵıá
ǶʳģֻǼ򵥵ķ˵ΣĶάϱӳԹĴ󲿷ɽ亣ζҪóԣԹóԵһ١
ֵܣգˣ
ҲĴָ̫춼˺ü飬άǿǱԼոĥġ
˱һٺάȥ˯ȴóװĶȻ̹һǶѸٷŴ󣬿žһʵơ
˯ʲôѽ˯һǣ
άûϳⶫʲôģҲǼΪʵģȥһ
̲סĿ⿴壬ʱȽϺá
嵹ϳǹеһħͿԱ󣬶ʮʣǳʱϲĶ
ֻǼ۸еһƽòҲ֪ġ
˽յάǵߣҲûԣպÿ԰άǷԼԱߣһҲ㡣
ͷάǻû˵ʲôһԾϣƣѽѽġ
άǣҪòʥ಻ַͣ滳һǲȥĳֵط
ѧҲһģĴ˲άˡ
찡лһҲҪһҲ̫˰ɡ
ܿ죬˲ſͷգΪѡǿյأûڵؿ貵ǡ
ÿ
ά̲ס̾ǰ磬ǴֻڵӵӰ￴ˡ
˯ɱ
֪ǲΪ⻷̫ͣĪһ֡
Ҳܾúܾûƽؿҹˡ
˵ʲôԸ𣿡
ܿ飬£·һʱգ·һλڴԸ
άǺͰ岻֪ǲӰ죬ȻҲ˼⡣
Ϣά˵ڣؼҡ
ʹԼٺÿ츳ٸߣԺһ֮£֮ϣάǡˡ
ǰ壬Щ翣ҡ롭ټ
˵ԼԸ漴һǿҵ˯ӿ۾ܿϣҲκ
һԵûпˣֻޱͷա
ؼҺá
ֱάǺͰصִ
һִܱ̾ǱάǵʱȷŷţصĻ
ãҲҲܸ˼λء
Լ֣Ƴ죬ָŤȦ
˾ȵ·ˡ
ͷƬǿվȻŤķһŤǻ˿ȻַŤȦҲһת
ңԶʥǣ˿Уͷ·һС߰㣬ٿذ档
ǣİԵ
ʹ磬ҲЩˡ
Ҫ֮ٶģһеǸ磿
ƺͦȤӡ
ɶ10/100

 22 

ڶ죬ȻάǺͰ嶼ûвκ쳣Ǹʴƺֻһλ
춯㣬ܵ׿˳ǡ屧άǣԤе
֮ǵٶȵȷ˺ܶ࣬ԱԤȵһ㵽
ӰɭУȻԽʱԽࡣ
ˢ


ϵħǵصάǳͬʱһž޴ħ׹˸һס˿˲ͻʧȥж
ϧȺǰ
ڲʹħ£ֳҲĶˣҲ֪ĳʮСɿħʮط
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ЩǵħҲЩסʱ䣬ڵϵһ¶ûУЩֵıһһźö͵ǰ
ſǣ
ûзסǵ죬⼸˶֣в˵ģϸЩ˵Ӧò󣬿ⲻԼ
ǺƢģֱһЩͼЩҲû˼֣һƵĲҽ
ӲСȻδ˵꣬˽µͻȻȥȻ
ȻһڹһĽǶֱֱάǣȻ˲ں֮ڣһһŵװס
һ͵Ϯɹõڶƻһ֪άûйģȻӡ
ʵάȻоĹ츳񶼲ûϵͳѧϰںڰеݣҲͨСŮʡ
ͻһһ㲻
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ǣ˿άģֱ£̵ʱ̣ʲôȥ㿪άһȷľ
žˤڵϲܣάǿƲסһ£ϺڹͰذסķײನָάǶγʱؿڳ˼֡
ڲǽʱǺڹҲ֪ʲôֻ֣άŬվ
ҺãʱҲϵˣһѱάǣߣ鷨ʦ
仰Ƕ˵ģȻҲ쳣˿սŵļһףҲ֮˦
һƬҶҳ
Ƭٴΰûά˵Ӱ
鷨ʦ˵󲿷嶼һˣǻȥ֮˵ΪԼ£һ鷨ʦһֻӵ
Ҵ󲿷鷨ʦԸŹŤ´Ӳ˼ʹǳԼľͺõĺڰ̻Ҳ̲鷨ʦƱ䡣
Ҫ鷨ʦǿܽꡣ
Ҳܶ࣬һ鷨ʦ
άһո鷨ʦӿһ£ǵڹҲ֪ʲôҿ˹ȥȻ˵ͳ˼ҵ´֡
ٶȺܿ죬رϧķħȫ١
ܿ죬ǾͿɭֵıԵ鷨ʦҲûٳ֪ǲѾ
飬ҡ
׿˳ǵɨһάǺ׿ˣĿķϣΪݡ
ڳ׿ɭǰһƿħҩȻάǾͼ֤˾˧侪еıҹ̡
̶ۡͷǡ㳦죬˵뵽ĳ٣˿ȫУÿĴֻͷһͷ˳ںڳ
ɳһϣҲֻòҲ̶á
ոտ쵽ʱкܶ˿ǱĿⲻҪ̫
㣬飬ʮңıͬ͸ƺ࿴һ۾ͻ١
ˬˣΪʲôֻҪȴҪʮɳƸɬž;ô̼Ĥ
ҲΣΪ̫ˣȥŵǣ
͸ҹ
ӻʲô

ΧҲӦۿΧ۵ҪάüҲ˵ʲôֱóʮҸ
ҲԱһվһƶʱͳ֡
׿˳ΪĴȻҲвٸҲǸʹģһάǲǣæǮЦŷǽȥ
òǷǳ
ڽϣչʾԼڵģȴںάǱԹš
ϵģάǲûиŵͷǷĹ۵㣬Ǻ˵԰Ҳϲÿġ
һ岻Ҳһֱ׷𣿡
άǲտʲôǳÿͺãԼ͸ʲôҪʲôǳʲô
ҾǳôǳҲ
άʱ治Сء
άûע⵽ĵط۵һ˿Ц⣬֮ǰһֱά˵ϲòõģ֮ѵ֮ǰǸһòΪƵԸ񣬵ոռ仰һ֪һ
Ķ˭ϲأ
Сֹάһ̯֣û취˵ĺ統
仰ζЦһ£ֻЩ㤡
άƲͷ˳ǾҪֵʲô뷨Ҳùܡ
ά²ع۲׿˳ǣһĴǡ
ǧٹ֣߸ߵ͵͸ɫС
˹ǸҪֵĶ࣬װʿ̷ĽάֻصϱӴ̳Ĵ
˵ʵһۣ׿˳Ǹӡͦϣȥʮ˳غѺദ
ڵһ£ǵȥҸõ갲Ӿ֣ϴ裡
ʲô鷨ʦʲôж飬ھ˼άǱʾ˭Ҳܴĺ飡
ϲֵ+1

 23 

û¸𣿡
߽õǰάƫͷһԵ˼ԣ⣬Ҳ÷ֵˡ
ϧôģû¸ɣȸ𣿡
УάǾܾĺ飬ñΪԥҪԼİ嶼࿴һۡ
άĺܣԼͰݹģ˶ԷòҪͱ
ʹǷĵľ飬Ҳһ²һ£οһֱЩ͸
ȻԸܺƢԣάֲĺӣƾϲ¡
ŶϣûжֻǼ򵥵һӦ󣬼ǰ
Ȼάɻ£תͷˣһֻ˲˵һ䣬Ǹ鷨ʦ϶ӡǣҪǷֿĻҺͰ嵽ãάΣ~
άǣ
ڵģҲˣؼдŴġӡ֣άǾֻ֪鲻Ǹɵ𣬸黹ء
õķС
ά˳״һһãȷԼάϷһ˿Ϣ֪ʲôʱմȾϵġ
ⷢҲðɫǺܺÿûк鷨ʦǵֶ˽ޣҲ˵鷨ʦѲ
ǲ֪ôλʦ˼ҵĿꡣ
ƫƫǷʦڰ
ںڰ̻ĵؽ磬ܹʹùȻҲһõģԽԽ
忴һ°¿ǵƮһ£ʹҲЩԲʲô
С̶۳ױһ죬ඣϢҪҲѣ칦ҾŪ
Ǽһ϶֪Ѿ׿˳ǣӦҲжҪ֪ʱһ鷨ʦһǲѡ
ĻάҧҧҺ͸粢ûϹ鷨ʦѵΪ֮ǰҪǣ
̯̯֣˭֪Ҳճûãг˵Ҫ˵˼άȥһ鷨ʦ
֮ǰһ鷨ʦֻΪһ𣿡
ٵάüͷݺһʲô̬˶Ҳδ̫ˡ
ѵл˭̬ʣ
ҪȻôö˶˵ؾôһ鷳
άü˼ʱͻȻˮ׼ˣȥϢɣЩǻ취ġ
Ȼ˹ĽŲάĿİ壬ֿЦⲻͷãȹȥ½ҡ
ģάǺͰڸڡ
ҪһŴĴ󷿼䣬ҲΪ˸õıάǡ
ܿ죬άǹŵĲͻȻһذףذ׵Ȼǰ塣
Ƥ۵ģɱֶ
ʹǾ飬ҲģҪǱ˲ӣ²Ҳˡ
ȴûЦذ׵ĲӣҲûţһСɵĲ֪ĳֵذ״ӱദ
ȻҲʵʹùֵ֮Ҳͣٴһ־ܿǸ׵˫
Ҫϻ㾿˭
͸Ũҵɱؼ񣬸ʾմȾѪ˵Ҫͨ˿ŵǲҶ
ȴɺܵʧ𣿡
˻
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üĵԼĲӣ˿ںذв˵˲Ҫֶˣ
һĨǵϸС˿ھɫĹâʧˡ
İɣҿǶĸԵġ
ָסϵذףһ㽫Ų
ֻ̫ˣֱҸǻᷢȤ飬Ҳ̫Сˡ
ԣȻͨĸ𣿡
üһۣȻΪϡ٣Ҳֻż۲ûģһЩ»֪ġ
ʲôϲɱ¾Ը߰мƭ˵ȵȣǰĵϣ
ʶǸ鷨ʦʵ
άǶݳģάǰһͨСԼҲܱ֣һ鷨ʦܾ顣
΢΢ҡͷüʶҵǲ³˭ˡ
鷨ʦʵ࣬ÿ˵Ը񰮺ҲͬǶⷽ˽ˣжϳѡ
ʱץסЩ͵ϮʱͷһɺϵĶЩͶĹҲᳬʮꡣ
Ⱥȷ鷨ʦ˲²⡣
λǾޱ֮䣬𣿡
ĸһذ׵ֽ˼֣ɱ
Ǿޱ֮˸ĳƺţΪϲŮʬ嵽ĳ̶ȣðյһλҵĹֱ͵ɱ˱걾׷ɱ
鷨ʦλɱ¾սٵģҲûзս
˼άǣ
岻⣬άڵòҲеƫϣǾޱ֮۹Ǻܸߵġ
ȴһЦ鷨ʦɲǵֻòģɰСάǣ˵иء
Ĭˣꡭ
άǵ꣬˵ǡϾǱϲĺӰ
Ǿޱ֮䡣
һ뵽һϲŮļһֻЩƲסԼڵˣ˵ĺá
߿Щֲ´һһٵؿڣҡҪ
һЦŶ~
ֻҪ㵽ʱ²֣
ΪԼе֧񣺰֮Ѷȵȼ+1

 24 

Ͱڷ̸ʲôάǲ֪Ϳһдšɱֵ
άһˮžžવܹȥ磬ˮ
ȻֺԾذԱߵСʣ˫Ȳ£˫ַϥϣͷ΢΢Ǵд֣˵ɡ
壺ﱻˮͻȻԼһҲô£
㲻á
廰δ˵꣬ͼάǵˣɴǱӣ
벻ҪҵСӺ𣿡
άǵĻðһ㶣ǰǰСŮȻֻʮ꣬ʥŮѡ֮һǼпܵʥŮ̻¸߶ȵˡ
һʱάƽʱ޺ıָԻˣ˼ҵһͨӡ
ʵ԰Ը;˵Ӧ÷ͼĴ󣬿˾ߣ߾á
ƫƫάڵòͶ
һʱɡ
Ǿޱ֮䣿
άŰĽǸ鷨ʦϢһֵֻס°ͣϲŮʬ壿
û뵽Ǹ鷨ʦĿ꾹ȻԼһ͸ꣿ
ǣҪҾ͵նɣ
άȭûģһⲻӡ
ñԼԺҪάǵ˶ԴİʱЩ㲻ҪС鷨ʦǵֶκܶࡣ
ʵ֮һܻάȫһи⣬˼ҿɲῴڹ̵ϣάһ·
ǼʹҲնҲŹңǻǻϣǲȨԼϡ
άͷɻ
ֳɹѰҭסˡͻȻиͷάǵʥŮʥһֺܶࡣ
ǻȥ㶫׼ɣڷҲ¡
岻˵άǺܿ˾
֨ű򿪣һˬɾ·άǺͰţͬʱڵҲɿ򿪣̽ľ
ţҲȥ
άǣҪ
ίΪʲôǮ࣬ܰ㸶ء
άǲΪǮޱ鵫ᶨ̫ˣ
ҡ
ؿһģάһûжҡӣ죬Ĳ鲻Ըóһߴϣ԰ɣ
ά¶һõЦݣ¥ݡ
һ㶣ôоԼ·ˣ
պƫͷͿ˰塰ŷ֣Ŀ⣬ȴҲûһЦ˳ȵҡϽ׷ȥ
*
άγǴģȻ鷨ʦҲûҪ羪֮ʲôɾרŷ˼ҡ
ά˵һվȥ˽ħ˵ĵ½
Ϊٿ׿ɭ֣ʮ֣άźڶ
ɫɫЩһŶЩʹֵ¶⽻̸ţ±˷ʲô
طȻ죬ҵһ̨ͱ쵽һСС
λԵƬ̡
һλ̴ӷϲˮϢ뿪˲䰲
ֵ½۸ӣһЩϲĶﶼҵ·Ȼǰ۸
˿͵ıҲʮҪһ㣬忼ǵʵȥһֻ֪ĵ߼ڰħޣ취ֱһš
߼ĻԵ½˵ѡ
λ߼ĺڰħˣ
һԴϵ˷ά̲סܿ˼ۡ
ôصΪ̸ֱ
尴סάǵԴֱӳǵġ
ɻҪ󣿡
߼ڰϵɡ
ϵţֱӽޡޡѩ޵ħˡ
۸ΪʮһңʮңʮңǷǣ
״˼Ƭ̣Ԥһңӽ޵ħ졣
ܿظ졣
壺졣
߼ӽ޵ħ˴ȲߣҲ˺ܾðɡ
ĬƬ̣ԡ
ܿ죬ű򿪣ոλ̴Ӷһߵǰ
ӣȻֱӶһӣ滹Щħˣ
õģˣԵȡ
̴ŶֱӳȥάǶȻǵһμò׿סԼѯʵ۾ȴתͣ
ûתϼأλ̴ֻˣħһʮöңոմоǧŰʮöңֿʮöﻹʣʮöպá
ӣ򿪿һ۾ºϣ߰ɡ
õģˣҪʲô𣿡

ǰ󲻹ʮӣάǾ̤˵½
ʲôҪ׬ʮңάǳӣѹɤ
γֻһңƷǼһûУҲ˽ʲô
ǸոնԻ˼ǰԤȸ˶öԷǿħˣڴչǮ
죬ʮң
άǼȻĳҪϷĵ·У
岻֪ά뵽ʲôϱ鶼Ծˣ뿪ڽһ䣬ȴͻȻ嵽֮ˡ
Ǯǵ֮ˮͲˣСάǽһ磬ҿԡ
ļ򱻰סȻԱһһƣ㣬߿
άصߣģа취ȥ˵
ȻҲִչάȥһҾƹݣ֪ʲôϴ߹հһõСǰһֺڶĶһٽҡ
ЩȫɣҲҪˣάֻصõꡣ

ؽ⣬άڿԺͰú̸̸ʮҵˡ
ӵ
Ǻǣǵһαص鰡
Ȥֵ+1

 25 

ۣȳ½ҩһ죬ǵõͿϺ·ϣ
һ䣬ȸάչʾǶٽ⣬ŹЧȻǶİɡ
бᣬҪʱ̲ҪԥҲҪң
Ǹǹ̻άǵĶ˵򵽵ĶҪã԰Ҳ˷ǮȥѡЩڱֻСĶ
֪ЩҲǻԵɺϣò˵кö඼ȹһλʦҲвţҪлһҪŰݷá
֪ˣʮôģ
άʵʵļ°Ļİʲô취ȥ׬Ǯ
ʮңǮĹ˵ȷʲôԴ󲿷˵һʾ޿
֮ǰάǻڰüҹ£ȴֱԽңʮ
Ҫ˵ģǰǵ֮ˮӦò࣬ļܻѹͼ۸񣬲ǲ١
άǸĿǰ׵һ飬ȴϣã֮ˮмУֵΪһħ
άʵڵģҲһȥμӵ¾Ļҵʵ׬ʮҲ⡣
¾
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ѪȸпᣬΪֵǮֻпǶµĸ߼ħޣʱʲôпܡ
ҡͬ⣡
άѿڶĸ֣ʮּᶨҲ˿ԥ
һ㶣ģо飬ûʲôΣյġܵ˿϶ⲻˡ
ֿ˵һڵ¾ģ׿˳֮ǰǸš
Ҫ׬ʮңķ԰Ȼľ׼ôˡ
άǼֱҪЦˣ˵һ飬Ҳͬ⣡ȥ֮ˮһ취ġ
֮ܶ㲻ȥμǸ¾
һ̣άϵȫס˰壬Ȼ·𿴵֮ǰץסλ´̡
ܿ죬ͻعüάǣ㲻Ҫԣ֮ˮҪȫ
ͷžӸ¿Լİ壬άСһ壬СܵԱߣһŵӣȻȥվȡ
պñȰ峬Сͷ֮ˮҪҲֻһƷһ壬ˣҵĻ飬֮ȫûпɱԡ
壬𣿡
壬
һΣҲǵһһˣǱƷҪܶĻ顣
ʲôǻ飿
岻֪֪ʹҲΪƱͱӣοһʵάʹû
֮ˮܶ˾Իѡ֮ˮҲֻܵˣΣάǡ
ңҲס
૳Զ׼ã
ά̾һ̧ͷе֡
ûϵֻҪ֪ҪԼġ
ûжܺϵȺţҲûҡ
廹ǴվԭأάҲԼصӣЩһź죬ɱ鷨ʦûȿԼ
άǣΪʥŮİɣ
ãԴͳ
ڰŪСά΢΢̧ͷȻҿǹյġʮİСģ
彩ӲԷһЩǵʱʿɡ
άתͷ´һۣڰЩִٵĲĿҡҡͷߺţҵĵһʿҪƾϸڵġ
壺һǻжι˹
ڴͬʱһߵؿеĲӣô𣿡
ò˶ã֮ޡˣֻҪͨǸ顣
ԴȤĿ͸ǽڿһߵάǣ֮һɫģԸʲôڿҲûʲôʮĵط衢̰ԡƻô͡ôã
Ҫ֪֧ȻûɲгͷÿһջǾ޴ģأǱǳߣܵõҲѡ
Ҳһµʱ䣬ѵǸһ˵ġѡ֮ӡ
*
ڶ죬άǾðǵ֮ˮȥǱ߸ϢһԽϸߵļ۸Ԥھҡ
Ǿͻһ򡭡
άⲽУһңҪ׬һңʲôð취أ
ʱ׬ǮǰǸ鷨ʦƺѾ˾Ӷˡ
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Լ˼̫һʲôʱչû֡
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ʵ֤˼գ
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գҪݣãһӶ
ά۾˲һûҲܰXΡXXʲôĿɲǰ׿ģ
һңҿԣ
֧񣺰֮ޣɶ85/100,־Ѷȵȼ+1Ϊ85/120
лҪ˵+죬˫ڿѼ~

 26 

˵ô˵άǻ氾ҹСĹ˼ëʾܵĽ˳
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 27 

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硭硭
ȽʱϻڲͣصŲмҲǴ״̬֮ǰЩõĺ󳾡
صĹ֮ڸովͱϵ˿Ҳڶ̶ôʱھ˴룬˺ͲһʵʵعڵϣֻǱģҪϲ١
̧ͷһԲάǵġάǡֿһԵȡ
յ˫ȭѪС
άΪ˾񽵣϶ڰ̻ˣʧʧܲ˵°ȫ޷
Ҳȥذʧܣ
꣬ﵱ
ĸִӡάǡһһֵ³Գ棬Ļǿ
ڡֻ䣬ľԼĲӣȼ˰ɫĻ档
Ǿ֮棬Բ鷨ʦ˵ڳ֮ʹŤıĲҽо֪
ڴͬʱȼͬĻ棬벨ıһ塣
ȸܻš
ͲĲͬȵıƽģýʣһֻ۾ء
磬Ҫġ졢ϲˡ
һ϶Ļ˵ڣƺŬЦһ¡
ϧȼһ򵥵Ķ
ȣȣ
ؼǰܵǰǾ֮棬˫ֱסȣԲ𣬶Բ𣬶ǸûãԲ𡭡
ǰΣǴŵڻֱʧֻһư̡
ΡΡģҲ˽ڵ˫֣Ŷ硭ĺܰ
ԲҪˡ
ӽڵֱۿʼһ飬һһҲܻص
ĵĲҽҲȳʧһ˲Ȼֹȵһȫʬɵɴ˫ǰʹࡣ
һҲ֮ǰճʱʤȯգƵӡ
Ҳ뵽ԼһͨɭУһôʹôķʽȥ
䣬Ǿޱ֮䡣
Ųĵȥάϵİ׹Ҳ˫ۻϣֱһ˿׹û塣
ά˶ʱʧȥ֧ţֱֱӰ䡣
ʶƺѹôһӣȫûκζ뷨ֻ֣ۡ
ȰʮʮҹҪ۵ֵ֣סϮάǺܿʧȥʶֻϣԼʱܻŰɡ
ϵİסάȻϾ뿪ʱһڹ⾶ֱȻ޻ֱӱڵϣһںɫѪҺϣ˲䱻ȫʲô
أˣ
ͬʱһڹάǣĿȻ
ھʮʱ֪İ׹ݺݵػڹ⣬ײǿûԵάǳһ׹ȥ
ȻȵһС
㶯ǿ죡
Уһźɫ۵ԳΣͷϴű־ԵĻʹڡ
Ǻڰ̻Ľ̻ʡ
ڶҲ
άǵٲȻǹ̵Ľ̻ʣźЦݿԼĶ֣ƺֻҳġ
͡ڶЦһСȷҪ
񽵣ѹˡ
ڶֱֱάϣôҵĵ£治Ǻڰ̻ﰡ
ɴ΢ЦĻȴ˿ֳôº͡
Ҫҷ㣡
ɫķ˲֣ɢǿִĹ֮
նȻ
УһһӰңңţΪ̻ʵǣһƬռԱȻ֮֡
ǣǸһͲ˵СŮڶôġ
¶һſЦݣսƺһ
񣺵ʥŮɶ70/100
лҪ˵лֵ֧Сɰ~

 28 

ڰ̻ʴڶ, ιʮ꣬һλʮԻ߿˵ϲŭ޳Ľ̻ʣΪĲϲɱһλпܳΪڰ̻ʥŮĺѡˡ
ڼڰ̻˵һ, ʥŮҲǰôʵá
ʵϸ˵ǵڶμ, һΪĳԭֻǴҴҶԻ, ûͻ˽˳Լǵˡ
, ڶ˿˼·ĳ, һ־һڰþ, ڽ伶ħ, һܻһǵ֡
Ҳþ, ɫ䣬ͬ赭дóһþ, ǿĽλ̻ʵһͨĳħһ򵥡
, óþ, һػ, ȻײܰΪƽء
αڶмһͿ߹̻ǱߵǸαģ, ܾʹܻ˼˼ȥ, ôܾˡ
ո¶һ֣Ҳôڶ֪λ̻ʵȷԺ, һĻ£¾ͻˣΪѾܵЩϼһϢˡ
Ȼֻʱ, ʹڶͬʱ߸ӰϢ֪Ǵ̼ġ
ھ͹̻ῪսȻǿ϶ǸСˡ
ǡϧˡ
̻ʴˡ
һ˰ԼάǰһӴˣ֮ҲʮֱǸ
ǲٻݲݣɣһʮҹϣ̻ʲҪ⡣
źòϸֳζĻôڶļλüڶ˵ǻã˸˼ı飬ʮ򣿹ûǮ㿴ЩôҲҪһңʮŸ߼ħ˰ɣ
۵׷ɿһ˿䣬Ͷ˴ڶͬЦֻһھƬ£޷ݡ
˾룬Ц֣Ȼ̻Ӳӱܴ󡣡
ͻϡ
˵˵
ȥڶЦֱȻһռӣڴһٻᡣ
漴ʧԭأļλҲʧе޿ɴ˳һѰأڱ¡
ڹ̻ʧ󣬴ڶվԭע·׿ɭ֡
ǸСŮ񽵣һʥŮĲѡ̻һʥŮ滹ʮʱ䡣
ʮ꣬ǸСŮʵһ¥ԼߵǸʥŮȫȲ
ӣ취ˣҪʱǼҲöһˡ
Ͼڰ̻ɴˣ
ڴС˵Ĵڶʧ׿ɭعƽոһֱվϹ۲һеɵԾò֪ʱѾָԭӡ
ߵոάĵطתһȦôͻȥˣġ
óǱ飬İֻ֮5ӦúܿɣڸոΣֵһӼĵ㣬ǰ˵㡣
Ҳ˵άϾпΣա
һ񽵾Ͷס𣿡
ˣȥСάɣȽϿɰ
˾һת鼮ʧڿС
ݣϢһʱɡ
*
֪˶ãάǶһֱ˫ۡ
ǰϤľɫɳάδתӶһ¡

Դȥ˺ڰ̻ؽ磬ҲûеȻҲû
ԣոǵ˵ģ
ôˣôˣҳȥ
˲󲿷ά͵ĴӴϵһشߴٵ
һ͵ѹصɳϣлһƬ
𼱣Ͱض˳صʥˡ
ֻʹ񽵣ܲסҪԼ죬պú졣
仰άǵƽظ³һžͺá
ѾõĽˡ
㿼δɾͻصʥأ¶ݺ̻ʧһǮ
άǣͲģ
άǵһӦǮʲôǮ
һʱ䶼ûԼʥŮѡһ൱ˡ
һҺͼʮŸ߼ħˡ
ġѵ
£
άĿ˲ͣһһңмʮ߼ħˣ
ɴöţ
ԼǲҪ̻ˣ
ά漴¶꣬͸¶˵ᣬҡҾ˸񽵣ôǷôǮ
ĵؿʼѯʣͼҳеbugһƴԼҵ̣һٵ֡
̲סЦȻάĿǿЦ˵һ֮һЩ¡
ڰ̻ʴڶ
ûٰ
άǷ߷ߵ²һҰοû£̻ӦòҸǮġ
ҿʥŮأڰ͵ʰɡ
ʧˣôȷԼܵʥŮ
شάһİۣдšǲɵ֡
֪ԼģȴǾ׼ޱȵС
ĻʥŮ̻ǲŹˡ
仰޶˵ĿҪЩͨͽһӣ˵άǳ˵Ρ
ڹ̻߲㣬رǼ˽̻ͽ̻ʵˣʵĬ֪
һͨ񽵵Ůӣķ˲ˡȻ˵һʥŮ֮λˡ
ΪʲôҪˣάǲ²һΪͳΪֹƽΪ
ѹѹ棬Ȼѳô죿
߰ģҲЩϣڱз²ˡĴ󣬻һ˿ϣȵȾҲһԭ
άһͨʮƽСһѾսսı
ϧǡ
ά鷨ʦΪֶΨһĵľǲɹ߳ɹһ뱻ڰ̻һץô죿
ⳡѡλ᲻ˡ
ڵ֪Լƽʥأһоͺ˵ˡ
ά뷨νسһƬƬܴС
Ȼϲ˶һЩ
ˣʲô֪𣿡
ά̽ʣֱӾ˹̣ǸҲû£ȥطˡ
·άɵЦһǾͺãҾȴһ׮
ĵеƬ꿪Уţóԡ껹һ䡣
ȴûôƹ⣬ͲǸ£
ҿĳҲͦġ
ʱر˶ģͻȻ׶άǶԡۡ
ˣҲ֪ԺûټĻᶼ˵˵˼û˺ңôʲô
άճƬĩֻӻӣʾܾ
ȻЩ͸飬˼Ҳάǵͦмġ
Ҿ˵ģ˼û緽ʽô˭֪ûмĻᣬʲô
Īڴ
ΪԲںȻһͨ
֮ǰģǡ
άһʧȥʶٴۣһۿľڴߵ
ţһֳʲô磬һкͰ˳˵ҪԺü
άǴˣˣ
ϲάǽƱ֮ԺϰȳһЦ
仰ôе죬Ҫ˵ΪԼִԽء
ȻάǱߵķ֣ԼԼˣ񱻽һֻ꣬ʲôҲܸɡ
άǴţ̻ʴ˵屻Ĺ֮ˣʱʱ
Ľά˿̱˾ͺãһڴҲܰ
άǴˣԵȣҪϢ߽̻ʴˡ
ת뿪һ˲䣬һ綫ֱֱάǵĶӣһӾػ

άԺдĳܵԼոΪĲ֮
СѾͷ
ʥضܵˡ
ڵʹôӴĹ֮ûҲ漣ˡ
񽵺֮ǰǴвͬάʹ
һͨ࣬ȴ蹵ʹ˲Լֻɼ죬ά̫ˣ
ΪԼҲԼˡ
ĻάǳĬһ룬漴Ժֿʼû֮ſҪȱѹˣ
Ͻ
Ҳ֪ʲôûִ˺üȦԲ͡
ĺڶ۷˸ѶȰۣ˵ʲôʱͻȻһӶȻʧάǵǰ
֨ű򿪡
άǣо𣿡
һг֣һᡰܡĸ֣άǣԣ̻ʴˡ
ȻʲôҲ֪λˣ˵⻹ԼľˣֻڵġԼӦǲ֪µġ
ңôᡭ
ɻԺʵ̻ʿ϶֪ԼаѧʽҲ֡
άǣ̫ˣ
߽Ľ̻ԵάǵĴأҲܿĲӡ
ȾǸһƬ۾˵άǶԽ̻ȫӡĶ۾ǵ֮ĵһ
˵ԴζĻ̻ʼ¹شƽ´βô嶯ˡ
άͷʧܣֻÿͷ˴ʾ´βٷ
̻һ䶼ûеĹ͵άЩ裬漴Լʧȥʶ¡
̻ʼֱһ仰ܵ񽵵ϢͰά˴ˡ
ûڰ̻ڶҲû˵Ľ棬û˵һҺͼʮŸ߼ħˡ
Ϊʲôأ
˵˲Լм̻ʺ͹̻
ѵƷ¸Уʩͼ
άǲ֪Ҳ²ֻǣ̻̽˳ƴһϢ
ѳ̻ᣬͶڰȥˣʣתһ˵ĵˡ

άҪ飬һһȣҲϷ֡
Ϊҹ߹󻹾˲־Ѫʲôȱö˶˵ôѳ̻ˡ
άǼʹûбҲɢǿҵʣ̻ʴ˷۾ġһ䣬Ϊɡ
άǣ
ɲô죬һҲûôɣ
̻ʲûкӱߵŭ˼صͷžǰħ
УάѾ˯ʮˣʱҲˡ
ҲͶʮʱ䣬ôױʮһҲάǿ
ûһֶе죬ֻһ˵ĸо
һˡ
иĸһʹ̻᲻ǨŭǸҲԻӰ죬ϵʧͲɹкһϵе鷳
Ҫ֪ĻȨƵʿɲ͡
Ϊνİ飬ֵ
ãάǻСǧѧ
̻ʵάǵ˼֪ǲΪԺнԭܾ仰ĿԼС
ǵȻάǵһҪ׸ġ
רҵģάǻŻؼҵϣ̸滮
֧񣺰֮ޣɶ115/120Σֵ+4Ŀǰ8עΣֵ5Сʷ⣬10Σա

 29 

̻ûж, ά˼͸ɾˣƺֻǿҲһ䶼û𿼺˵¡
ڽ̻ߺ, һ͸Һ߽ά, άǴˣʥصʥˮ, ȥһʱҪ
Ŷġǡ, άǱʾ⡣
ιһûκζʥˮάɻ˴, һ뵽ӻ֪Ҫ죬һ˲ޱȻˣ
һﲻ֪ﲻԾ, һ仰˵Ͱ˳, , Ѹˡ
ȥл˵
Ժ𰲵, ά, 㿴˵
֪ȥˣά˵仰ҲӦ
Ȼһ, ű, ˽, ƹά߰ſ£ƺֻϢʵȴά˵
ԣ֪ҵ츳ռһҸ˵ڶû˸˵һ
仰жˮάǲۣŴĸĿռ츳ȷˡ
ΪʱӪ, ǰһֵĿռ츳ûиκ£ֻԼżʥ㡰䡱
ǣŹžͱ֣άǻ͹죬һ˿Ŀռ䲨
ⷽĸֲˣ˿ܿʧ١
֮Ҳûзֹʲô⡣
ϸ뻹ǲģҪ¸άǲС
ǣάһѣ˹Ϊ˲쳣˵αװ
ۼװϢάð侲һ£Ȼ˼⣬˵пռ䲨ĲŵģϾûƭ
ΪԼߣһپ٣һ
пռ䲨޷ǾǼֿܣ֮ǰ̻һ˺˿ռ߸ոù󡢴;ȡ
ʥأ϶
Ǿͻһո˿ռ
ͬǲܵ£֮ǰ˵Ϊ˱֤ĹԺͺѡ˵İȫʥضʮϸģҪ͵͵ϵʲôˣȫʥشҲֻн̻ʵˡ
ʥŮѡ
ռ䲨ģ
˹Ǹ˵ʵʱάǻͦϲģֲԸⷴ˲ԴУǸദˡ
ǣ㿴Ҳʲô
ά״̬ҪʥʵĺΣգʲôһΣ㶼㲻ˡ
Ϊάǵİȫ̻ǱҲǺӵģѵڣֻͽ̻Ҳǿǵⷽ档
Ƕ˹ų⣬ɼİȫԾǾ˹ٷ֤
ûãСүජɡ
ιι֮ǰ㻹˵˵ģô
άѹ²۵ĳ嶯мһ䣬ǾలˣǶء
²òͷһʱ
֮άǲģ˯˯˺ȣѵʱĵĸŮ䷢һЩȤ£һЩӢ۴Ĺ¼̫ġ
̻;һΣΪָ״
죬άӦþжˡ
ǵʱ̻µĽۣһŽ̻ʵһЩʮ澴ҵ
άѵĵ죬ڿ΢΢СĴָˣֻûǰЩ
⣬⼸ֵʱȻԼָжɾͺˡ
һߣȻά˳ȥʵϻʱڹ۲е飬ΣֵѾͻʮ
һ̫֣ϣСάܳɹɡ
ôѾֻѪħ޵ˣҪʧܣǡϷû˼ˡ
žһ鼮һߣԶһʲôƸŮȵȶס
ƽʱЩһﶼͦԾԼȴյ֮Ϣ
Ǹһ꣬춯
Ҳ֪ƻ˶ã֮и֮ƣӳһ 
֮ʱҲˡ
⣬Ṇ̀³һᷢ
֮񿴹ܲĳͷǵС
ָһɫСӣһ顣
һ˲䣬ǲoһĲҽС
ϣŮúʹ֮һ裬Ȳҽнһۣ۵׶ǲĺ¡
λˣƽʱǺܺ˵һҲһ߸ϵһⲻˣֶҲǺ档
֮Ҳ̫ˣ֪˶Ǹ⣬ô
ûǧǺòˡ
o̾һͼµظԼȥˡ
ϾϣǺ޷Ȩ
*
Դĵҹ
άѾ˯УĴͷȴͻȻһӰ
ǵӰСһСƿҺ壬ںҹпҺɫȺӰƿʱƿȴһ޵Ѫζ
ƺʲôѪ
ֻӰƿҺάǵŲյ˫ŻƿкƺάܲܺƿҺ塣
Ȼ΢ʱ͵ؾͶһ˫ıںҹиĿ
졭
ά촽΢ĳɹֻǱͬʱֵİȴʧȥӰҲǳ⡣
ʱڰʱάԥҪҪ߽̻ʡ
άǱϾǸƽʱ֪Լһ˵ˣԲټ
̻ʲǸĴģŮҲ˵ۡ
һûأ
Լֱӵɱ֣
ά֮ǰ׿ɭҲӣϣԼӴ˾ͳΪһĮˡ
ĳ⣬άҲûкԼľֻǡ׼ǲǵ͹ʵ
ѵƽһúÿ
ȻͬһˣʹάͻȻһеĶƿеҺֱ䡣
άǵȫԱһȴǲɱϱ˼Ρ
ָովѾ˰ѰĺϣϧȴûκηӦ
漴Ӿ⼸ҺƤάǵʶʱģڳ׻ǰĮ˫
ӻ
άͷһᣬ屻һѽסȻһۡ
ĵһͲڣΪάǶɹҫһ
죬ʥطһ¡
ʥŮѡάŮд̣ЩɥԼ޼ʱֲԾд̵Ůײƫǰذֻάǵĸ첲
¶ŮԾԶΪҽʲôû¡
άȴҲòȥذճ˾綾ĶҩҪڹ֮ĸ˵ֿ϶ˡ
֮ǽ̻λ̣ʮλ߼ʦŽⶾֻǾôһ⣬άҲ˿ͷֻڴϼ
СѾͷоô
άǿһ΢Ц˵أ
ǲ԰׵СԿԿôҲðЩ˼
ô֪ƣһΪע⵹ҡ
˵䣬ͿάǡӡĿ⣬СƼ˲ըë
ιСүôҲ㣡ҪӲڻ˵𣿡
ά˱仯úúãлˣЩˣϢһ
֪νⶾά˴ҲԹ뿪˷䣬úϢˡ
˵껹һ䣬¾ԺңҾſڡ
ξԲ⣡
Ȼʹ˵ٲ⣬е㱻εŵˣҪôһ㣬ذ׿ɾʹ̽άǵˣ
ڵ壬໹λһм϶ҩӰ죬ǹԳȻ϶Ҫȥ֮ˡ
֪õģⷿ㣬ֻɳ涼
άı˫ǴźһĻȣֻǣƺﲻͬ
ϰֺάǸһİɳ䣬ĺڶ۵һƬһϢʧԭأ֪ȥ
άϢʱʥؿɡ֡š
ȷβάǵ£ʥأ̻¡
ܷصʥضܷ£ֱžžǵ
»û꣬Ⱦ⣬Ҳȷ͵άǵһ
֮ŮСͽŮȻƽʱֵĴȣⲢǴ⡣
ڽʥأΪάǵŮƽǱȥ˺ü飬СƽʱԷһ¶רż¼ҲǱȥ˺üء
ʹҵ᷸˴ʥص˲ˡ
⼸죬Խ̻Ϊ׵ĽͽûϢ
ʧȥҲûֱͻͻȻдһ
ôܣ
ħõƾͲͨõĶ
һǰڰ߹Ǿϲּù顣
ʹûκȷ֤ݣ󲿷ֽͽǼǺڰ̻¡
׵Ľ̻ŵ²ߵӣȴûп˵һ仰ֻĿƳĿĳ
ǣάסķ
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䡪䡪
ѵάɪɪ۾ȴԼ˫ţֻһĵ£ΧǺʵİѩͱ⡣
һȥһѩ׵磬ûɫ
ȵȣάͻȻһ㶡
˫֣·ߡ
ϱˤȥʱĴ磬ԼάѾЩӲգȻϱӵ塣
άסǻˣ
ǡطԲԾٲ뿪άǾһԼҪˣ
ֵͣһֵΪ㣬Ϸ
лҪ˵Ҫϼĸ»ŵʮһ㣬֮ͻָʱ~

 30 

ѩɫ, һӡܿʧںĻѩϣάǶ֪ԼΪʲôߣûĿĵ, ûз, ôݸоֱֱš
û֪Ҳڷɿ, ˵ʲôʱ͵³Ϊһ˰ѩˡ
ǣȴһֱиڴߴ, ߿㣬ٿ, һ¾ͺˡ
ˡˡˡ
ΪѾۻάҲûעµİѩǷ, ֱһ̤, һѨ
صһ, ǰһڣ˹ȥ
תʱ, ͱǰľסˡ
һһǼ̨ıԵ̨һ𷢵, ΪûάҲ˵ӡ
ֻ, ĪϤ
һӵħ, ˫˫Ŷ, ƺͲ
άСűˤ۵˵ģ
˭֪ûȫˣһֳֻŵأɢҵĽٲһס
άǶȸպÿò, һֻСɽ׵ͷһ㽫
УάҲ֪ԼΪʲôôţҴƺ¾ŵˡ
άǣ
άǣŶ񲻶ԣάǣǹ£ȡԹعĹ£ǰ˲άǡ
ã¡㡣
άǸƯĺӣʹ»ǲɱЦ۾
㣬άǣô£
µάϣ۵ɻô֪Լ֣ôӣҵԽʱѾ
άЦˣ͹¼ǸСŮͬڵάƺɳ˺ܶ࣬Щһˡ
𼱡
ЩҪ㡣
ҰѾǸάǵĲ֮Ӧúܿͻ߽̻ʵġ
仰ù΢΢۾
һ⣬Ŀʲô
Ҫ
˵ʵԼڼλᣬҲû׼ãҲԭ
µֱûô򵥣ĳĹС
ԼСĴָһԼͷҪǰͷ˶ԼҲû°ȥ͸ϽҸеĲ²ͷָ߽̻ʡ
ԼԵǰһϢ¾ͳǸͷ
άǿӲ֪Լе£֪淢£Щˡ
άһʳָڴߣ˵ɡ
µͷá
άǵʱȷѾˣֻԵɺϣˣ»Ҳһ֡
֮ǰأڰ˯״̬
άǱˣ֮ȥʥصļҲûʲôʱĳ˯ܵŨ֮𽥻ָһЩͬʱҲյһֹµļ䡣
ȰĸĸȤѣܸɵԼǷḻʵ磬άǳͬʱҲʧ䡣
ûԼ壬ϾҪǹ£ά궼ɢƬϣǰҲһǴԹ޺Ͳʣʶһ硣
άǿ´űǸεĿչһЦ½㣬ҿôɣ
ֹ˹˵Ķ
ǸˣøеǸ˵ʵǸóӱܵˣʱľҪǻңֻǿɡ
ҡҡͷҲòȥ³嶯ԣƽڼֱǶӡ
¶Լȱ˽⣬ִԣʱ»˺ƢҲãҪЩ飬Ͳ֪˶ˡ
άһЦڻ˵ȱ𣿡
ҲЩЦˣϰѻ˻ʲô
ôᡭ
أ²ԼάǱ壬ھǣ»Ұ
άǿµıȥǼȥε£һ
Ǹ֪аԽһЩռ壬屾겢ɢ
ǣΪϡ
һΪңôĹ֮ʱټ⣬Ҳ󡣡
άǶϵȴ֪治֪ǹڲƭ
֮ͽȴᣬȻ⵽ɡ
ĵطʵ
µüˣʱңñҲӦң㡭
άҡҡͷֻɺϣǸҲ뵽һꡣ
ӸӣԲζҵĴ֪
ŶάǴ˹µ𣬡½ΪԼһеˣһ˵ġ
άǵĻùθȻĴ͹ִҲԼ䵽زҪԭ
ڵԼǸͨʮѧŮûʲôƵġ
ΪʥŮѡˣʵ̫󣬿֪ȴǴһֽң˰ԼΣ֮أάǡ
µά֪ԼոյĻûʲôοã촽Ҳƺ֯ԡ
ûԼվӣάǣԲ𡣡
֪㲻ң仰ұ˵
Ҳ˻ɷԼģġһ취ȥҲǸðƻʲô߰¡
άǱ˲־״̬һ£Ҳǵһμ仯֮ˡ
ϸһ룬ò
²Ǹ֮ˣ᷸֮Ĵʱȴһˡ
άϲ£ֻΪǸõ磬Ϊѽ
ҲС֮ǰ࣬άǺ͹¾֮
ʹά˵ѾֲԾǱӦҲ취һ⣬¸ԸԼŬ
άǵĻùü񡭡ҡҲ񰡡
һֱΪԼĹ֮ԴάǱϾһ𷢱ֺÿĺӣ˵ûй֮˵ȥ
Լһͳôǹĺϸͽάȴ֮ԴԼ
궼ģĹ֮
άҲЩȷԥУұǿ̫ࡣ
⡭½㣬ͫɫҲ֮ǰ̫һ
£ţҵͫɫʲôɫˣ
ûоӣҲѵԼҲ֮Ϯ˱ۣ˳ץһѹͷǺڵģû䡣
άǣɫġ
°ڰ֣άһЩ㿴˰ɣǸҵ۾󲿷ֶɫģǳˣͫʱȽϸʵǡ
ɫܴĺɫ
άĿ϶һֹµļ䣬Ȼ֪ͫɫԸողŻԥ
ڽϸάǷȷˡ
½㣬Ӧ֪ڷīͫһ㶼ǡ
һ㶼Ǻڰ̻ˡ
°άδ˵Ļϣƫ𷢱֮ˣڰͬƫڷ֮ˡ
ͫʣȷ֮ǰһɫģΨһĽ;귢˱仯
ѵڻкڰ֮
ҪξǲԶҲ֪Լ귢˱仯
ǣܰһҪͬʱкڰ֮Ȳ˵вУλͬ
£һδϣһ𣬱ʾʮͷͺС
񣺺ڰ֮Ѷȷδ֪
лҪ˵͡ұµŮ춼ȱ㣬ҲһҡҪһŮ죿
Ҫǵ滹ϲҺͶӶУŮһ

 31 

˵, һ𣿡
ڰ̻ȷһߣһ, ˣô죿
һ񽵣
Լ״̬һһ, й¶һ˿ڰϢ˵ʹˣҲǻ̼һΡ
޴ڡάôһ, ʵҲûģк͹һĵġ
˶һ, ǹȿڣƻ̨أ
, Ϸ֮ǰĶڣΧûп԰ᶯĶ
̨涼Ǻİѩ, ֮ǰĸоͦġ
ȥҹҲʵ
ƻ̨²̫ܡάǶϽϵ, ֮ǰĴԼù³ȥ, ȴ֪ôһҳ·
ڿ˼ڤĹ£ɫ۾գһ, ڸסάת˲ŵá
ԼСûĸףҲƽһ󲿷ʱ䶼ڴϷɫɫԭССάһ켸Լһڼ, ûСûĿꡣ
ǣͻȻ֣ԼҲһˡ
ù֮ά
ѧһ򵥵Ĺ֮֮ЩɱķһҲᣬȴ޴ʹ
֮ǰصǼ£ֻܿ
ڱʹû壬Ȼоһůů˳ֱһӿ
һСĹи֣ȴûֹͣͣһѹŹ֮
ԽԽ²ҲԽԽСģֱоҲݲһ˿֮һ
պˮǲðɫ̣һϲⷽʱ
̨ϷħͻȻð׹⣬ºάǶʱоһǿ˫һڼ̨ϡ
ϵĹҲ˳ڼ̨ϣûըѣֱʧˣǱ̨ˡ
ҡ
¿άǲ԰һЩɫʱ뱬ֿڣħһʱҲû˰취
ѵֻȰ
û£½ġ
άǰڰ֣壬ԣһа취ġ
µͷŲ׷
˼һűάǣͻȻһҪȥԵطʹù֮
ά޷ߵǣҲ޷
¿ԣոħʧЧ²ħأ
ǸаӦҲôܵ뵽һɣ
άǵȻᷴԣʾ½㲻ùңҸո˺ԼҲԤ
㿴άҧһԼƤ澹Ȼһ㶫赲άǽһĶ
аĻͦȫ÷
ǣ½ԼҲСģС¡
ά¹Ϊ˳ȥԼİΣæ
һɰСĵؿ㣬Ҫʱص㲻ԣĺάǱúðοһ
һͬҲûбСŮˣͻȻãһãƺҲͦã
άö䡣
˼ѪĹߵ֮ǰԼĵطٴСһȻ󡭡
ء
ħԵصʱԼһˡ
Ƭռ䱬
·֣ȻûתӿԼĽάȸ˵غ½㣬㿴
˳άǵ֣¿һ¶ĺɫ״塣
õĶ
߽Ǽ˲һɼѪҪý϶Ų
ûóȻֲ鿴Ǽһֻǲ֮ǰǸѹô
Ǹ巽һףһ죬Ĺ»ûŵһŨŨĶмѪζḯζжˡ
һڣ¾͸оԼԴһ֡
άǣס
ԲǺö²ԥһһĹݺһӵĺɫ塣
ֻһɺɫҺ滺Ͳ顣
½ŲЩǸζӰеĻ󣬵ǿѾȱһֵħƴ򣬶һͬʱ
⿴ʵеЦĳ͹˹ǡ
Ȼ߿һߣͬҳһš
ʥŮѡάͻȻ³һѪ˻ԣʥص̡Ƕ
֮ǰĶûɾˡ
ˡ
̻ʴˣ²ܾô򵥵ˣǱ롭
̧̻֣˸ƣλ졣
ԱߵʥŮȴɿڵάΧ⣬͵ҵĸȥɡ
ոռάǵ壬ȴûʲô⣬ʥŮò̧ͷ˽̻һۡ
⣬ʥŮѡˣ˸ɾͲһˣ̻ҲͬҪǡ
ѾɿˣҪѡģƫƫάͻֻˡ
͵ҵĸȥɡ
̻ʵĻʥŮɫ˱䣬Ҳûٿ˵ʲô¼˿ã̻ʴ˻û£Ǿͺá
ԵάǱ͵˽̻ڵĸˣָ̻һһǵСƼȻ֡
άڷûʲô취
Χά·˼Ȧ⼸ҲһֱҰ취ֻ漰ϱ٣Ҳûʲôչ
ȻֿάͻȻѪԣв˼ֽơ

̻ʵıһİĸоðطɵһߵſ£߶߶
̻漴߽άǣͻȻֵķһӣһ͸ĹȦסάǡ
ԼҧʳָһνཻѪڰУڽ̻ʵĲ£Ѫüġ
̻Ҳ˫ۣ֪ʲô
һߣºάĿƵضͻȻڼ̨Ůӡ

Ȼ꣬ڷ˭
ͷ·ȼգƯźɫ壬ƺһش𲻺þҪˡ
ζĻùЦʲôʸң
Ҳϻһг¡
ȻҾͳȫ㣡
磬
Ī굼ѪԻٻһħȻˡ
ÿһԵάһۣУѾϡ
άǱ޷ʹûκο˺Ķע
˷ıУһ㣬Ǳ˼ӣؼǱз·Լʶһ㣬һɣ׷ɱ
ܿ죬¾ͳһѪˡ
ϵˣ鷳
㡣Цһ漴ǰպվάǵǰ档
Ҳˡ
ĳ⣬һΣҿô㣿
վԭأڵ˫κؿϴ㲻û뵽һֻǡ
仰һ㶣ʲô˼
ƺ뵽ʲô漴۾΢΢
¶һѪЦݣ˼ǡ
ͣ
ŵؿԼദðļУתͷ
άв֪ʱһཻذףڣҲ֪ʲôֻԼڷɿš
ܡ
ʵҲ֪άУԼע
ǣ¡¡
ռ䷢죬ƺʲôڿٱ
棡ֵͣ뾡첹䣡


 32 

ǻ̮һ˲, µһʱάǣһҲĿһ
ά, ǡ
ôά뿪ν, άֹ˶
Сޱذγؿڵذ, ͬʱԼϵ, 뿪
, ǰذֱӻΪһɫӣסάǡ
άȴֱһѱס, ֪ǲΪΪദϢƴ , Ҳһͬס˹¡
, ߣ
ƺǱ, Ҳ, ֱˣ, Ҫᣡ
, Ѿӵ̨ʯһõħ󳹵ױѳ˺ü顣
ȻķϧҲ֪ʲôɵģָոմ, һɺ̺ͽ˲, 㤵塣
©̴ð¶Ƥľ̡
ɶ, ɶΪʲô
ĻûΪܵһǣǣȥ
ŹµάǽС̧𣬡½㣬ʱˣ˵
ҵЩҪ˯һʱ䣬㲻Ҫġ
ոذǽ̻ͽģֻҶ˵һɱ֮Ǿܳš
άǣ
ֻüôһ˾ʧȥʶƺάǾ䣬ϲ½ˡ
άǡ뵽ģסôû˺ֻɺϲѡά
ƭ˵СԼһһúñ
һ˫⣬ʱ䣬ԼҲҪάǵ壬ûǣ
*
صƤάѵʶ»İľЩһӻ벻Լ֮ǰľ
ι
ȴάǵ˼գգЩɬ۾ģ
ȴûϻشάǵ⣬ĿƵǺڶ۶ƺڵάʲô
άǣ
㣬˲˰̧ЩӲ֣һ𷢣ȻԼСĴָϣ˰ɣ
شǰѹۣСû¾ͺã֪ǰʱҶǸһҲ֪ʲôֶΣҼ˺üԼֶû⣬㻹Ϊ
ȿȡά˿ûбⷬĵĻжǣڶˣҪѹҾͳ˵
Уһֻ޳׵𰲵ֻ򣬡ﰲάҪϢҪ
Ϥά΢΢ƫͷٿ˲İǿ־һεĽ̻ʣࡢл̻ʴȡ
һЦάԼŬֻṩһССİ
һֻ̽άǵĶͷЩ΢ȴоһů˲ůȫ֫ǵõҩ
ûʲô⣬ЩĹȡ̻ջ֣άٺúϢһ°ɡ
ҵĸܰȫõġ
Ž̻仰һǿҵ˯ӿϣάǹ˫ۣ˯С
άѾ˯ǱΪƽֱĪ͸˵ʡ
ﰲάǣҪ
ס򣬽άǵߣ֪ˣǸʲô𣿡
λ̻ʻмصģһΪʵǽ̻ʱ
ĸĸһǿ壬һϡеޣѪνĵһ˿Ǻܲס
ǷݶЩˣȲҪάǣнԻ˵
䣬̻ʾ뿪䣬ǰһ磬εȻ鷳˵㣬ֻͦõġ
˳㾾˼ˣҲάǸԼһЩ
˵ҲЩɻΪòǿԵģάҲһֱͦº֪ͣΪʲôάʱǴż־衣
Ľ̻ʴˣԶҲ֪Ϊһ۾ǿ㾫µòĳӾݱŮΪӡ
ʱĳЩѧҲԴĲ
άٴˣһܵǰδеʣ֡
Ѿɳɻʯһʱ˴ԭر˼˸оˣ
Цڵ
άǶסȻ͵תϵİ
һûע⣬汻ץά¶аЦţ˵ʲô
ûء
ܵԼϼѹ֣ûʲôˡ
СãȲƽΪˡ
ô죬άҲ֣ڴϣϣ
֪ģ˵һ¡
̻ʵȻ˵ҲûʲôǾһֻسŵޣò֪ʲô취ռ壬Ľ̻ʻڵ飬ɡ
άǵӣ͸˼²򵥣һ˾Щ£Ӧûǣٶ
Լûʲô֣Ϣÿôˣ
һһþûˣҲ֪˺û
һ£ˣȻȥʿӱ˰ɣʱҲûעˡ
԰˵Ҳͱİ˺ЩҪάǵԭעһͨˣ˵ʵͦģ
ʥŮѡأ
ˣǾֻʣͿǿӦҲ˰ɡ
ʥŮѡΣⲻǶڵ𣿵Ӧþˣİɣ϶ܵʥŮ
ӣӿʼͼάһܵʥŮҲûɹ
ǱԼһۿеˣȻģ
άǣˣʲôʱܳȥ
άԼǰӣԭͦǷġ
ˡ
⴫άǵ£Ϊ׵ǽ̻ʣ󻹸λͷŮ
άǣоô
άЦûˣܾء˵վ̻һ
̻ʵͷãЩҲýˡ
Ȼ㣬ά׼һ°ɡ
̻ʵĻάʥŮѡθóˣӦǣ̻λŮǰ̻˰һۺ;뿪
*
ĴУ̻ʺʥŮվڹ·ʮλ´̨¼ϣǲ̺һЩŷ̻Ĺ
ЩҲǱ֤ʱִ̣һҲаˡ
Щ˵ңʥع֮Ũֻ죬Լܶĸо
⻹ֻʥŮѡ˵ѡΣʮʥŮʽΣǳʢ֡
ӭλ
̻ʳ˼лĿ׻ٽ⣬ǽļ֤ѡʵʥŮѡˡ
ʥŮѡһλάǺͿ
õĴŴ򿪣άǺͿһ߽м˿ͨ
ȻάҪЩûˣֶΣͬʱ·ͬʱһ׼Ĳΰ
ɡ
ʥŮڳһ۽̻ʣڵʥŮѡιάǺͿʤһƽ֡
ڻһİûҪˣ֪Ȼ֪֪Ҳֳʡ
ʥŮְ⣬Ϊ˹ƽǾľ񡣡
仰һ·߾άϣùάǲǱʤˡ
̻ʴˣʥŮˣڴ֮ǰһ²ò˵
ͻȻȺгһѵǶԸոյ
˵
˵һλ󣬲ɫЩ֣˹Ĺ
˹С˿٣ڴвۣȴ෴ԭĿʵܵףӵ֪
ȻһҲż˹һǻһӵԤ֪ˡ
λ˵仰Ϳ̻ʺʥŮ۵״żᶨлҪ˵
̻ھƬµ۾һ˿⣬ͷʾλ˵ȥ
ָάǣ̴𣡡
˻һȫԾ
񣺵ʥŮɶ80/200

 33 

˹Ļɹ˵߶ά, ϵֻеľȣûмڷû̫ʧ̬
˹, Ҫ֤
׵Ľ̻ͬһƬƽƺû˹Ļ˹æȺг϶˼ֺΡ
̻ʴˣҲ֪˹Ѫ֪ˣҵСŮ;
˹ĻڳĲٹ۾һ, ˹СŮ˵ǸòĺӣȻ֪Ҫǡֻ˹Ծ֪ĺӶʮֿأû޵Ŀܡ
˹ͬĵͷ, ⼸, ֱͦһ֣ҳǰҵСŮôɵԤ֪Ρ
, 
˹άָվڰУŽ̻ʴд˵
̻ᣬҲʧˣ
߾ȵ˹ά֮شת, һЩ̻ʣ֪ʲôӦ
Ԥֶ֪, ô, Ҳ˷ġɺϡʱЩǡǡΪԤ֪
ҲЩ˹һ겻һԭ֮һ, ǶԤԲɣεʵ̫ش
̻᣿
мľõĴ̻࿴˼ۣʵ̻ᵽҲʱڣУмλʥŮҪԭ
̻һλʥŮ˵жԵĺڰ̻ʣʥصһЩܸµʱ̻ʧأǵʱĽ̻ʺ֪ʥŮԼ׼Լ񽵣Ŵ˺ڰ̻ᡣ
Ҳˣ̻˽ֱ꣬һλ޵ʥŮ֣ϧλʥŮĲ̫ʡ
άǵ츳κһλʥŮĶҪߣõҲ̻¸߶ȣǷ¶ԣһҲǡǶԹ̻ĴǾ޴ġ
άǣʲô˵
̻ûгʥŮȿάǣ̬ȵʮºͣƺͽ̻һ˹Ļ
ʥŮˣҾá
άǶʥŮԱߵĹ񣬹صͷΰĹоϣΪϴᡣ
Ȼ׸˹ѵĺģ
̻Դ΢΢һɨӹ·˵Ľëһأʲô˵
˰̻һοڣ޷ʲô˵Ϊ̸õδ
仰м˵ɫ˱仯
ǾĬϢһλ˳̻ʴˣʥŮˣҾԤжһλʥŮѡʵ̫ʣȵһ
飿ô飿˼Ԥ֪ô֪˵ǲģ
һλ̲ءֹţΧһ
˵ʲô죿

ƽʱڽͽǰׯµǳҲۺЩݡ󡱵ĹڸڻϻķζڸǲסȻ仯ʣάǿ۽硣
ԱߵĴǣһĿһԲҲЩҪǰ浱֣֮վûһǼ򵥵ġ
άǻ⿴һԱߵĿάʵԤԣʥŮΨһѡ
ϿκϲãֻĿרעؿŹ񣬺ֻйЩ߰޹ء
ȷǸӡ
ۿԽԽ֡һֱԹ۵Ľ̻ڳˡ
ֻǸ̻ʵרȣڵһãһȦɫĹξʹĽӿȥ
ոռñȽ׵ģ˹һλͷβԹһԲģͻȻͱȦж
£ڰЩûȦͻȻͷ·ᵽʲôΣգϽͷ״
̻ԱߵʥŮҲԴȵؿһ۽̻ʣȻڽ̻ʵͻȻѣҲǺ֪ġ
еǶ˹΢΢˼֣Щ˰ΪǵĽ̻Ǹ˵
Щ˽󣬽̻ʵ˹ϣ˹£ȷСŮԤ֪ݣ
ΪƬڵƽһʱ֮Ҳֱ治仰ʻʡ
˹۾˲ɴ󣬡̻ʴˣʲô˼
ʹҲҡ
˹ĻȻֹһֻסӵĹʵмֿЦ
һֻΪһոճڴŮһòһǹŮ
ڴõĸ»ôħڳҲֻн̻ˡ
λ֪Ůӳֺȳ̻ʺʥŮһȻ𾪵˹¶һ΢Цƺ뿴ȣ
˹ǿǾ䡰ôһЦôأȡ
ȻܣλҵСŮȣҲ֪츳
ȣã԰Ԥ֪ΣССϸϸغͽ̻ʴ˵һ¡
˹ļһЦҵĸô棿
ҼȻѾ⣬ɽ̻ʴ͹ģЩСϷҲĻˡ
ȣ֪Լ˵ʲô𣿣
˹Ʊ磬ֻϧ̻ȻѾûˡ
ֻ˹ʹſֺϣȴһ
ȣʹ˵˵Ԥ֪ΰɡ
̻ʿȣʾš

תλҵȷԤ֪ҲһΡ
ǣ˵Ǿ仰ŮǺڷ۵ģҲԲλάǴ˵ò
ΨһֻͬǸ֣˳ƺΪάǡ
ڷۣǿ϶Ǻڰ̻ģάʵͨһﶼҳʮֵġ
˶ʱ׹£һı
ֻάһһıڱһ˵ϸڣĽë΢ס׵ɫ
ֳܱκ쳣ڲǹ£άǣ
˵̻꣬һڹĹ£ǵĹƶóѣ
˵귨һͶҪЩ˾ʧڴãȻ
˼˷˵ʱ䣬Ǽ̻һЦ
ˣ
ǣ£ʥŮѡμš
ʥŮһ˸ոյľϷһأ˷ԡ
ˣʥŮάǺͿǣǰ
άǺͿԹǰվʥŮǰ
ʥŮת˫ֽؿڣ۾ϣΰĹ񰡣ԣָȷĴ𰸡
ʥŮ仰άǻн̻ʵͷԡ
Ĺâϸ֣¶ǵ
â˷ӿԽֲۣ˶ѵһĳ棬´κһϸڡ
һֱֵάҲ̲סؿڵֲ֡
ǿ
һλ̲ס
׵ĺӴõĶ˻£ȻֱֱάǷȥ˿ԥ֡
ȵĺǵͣάǵıǼ⣬΢΢һȣȻΪмûάǵ塣
˾ǰͺ̵ĺάӿȥЩΧתȦȦЩһֻΪάһ֡
˶ɢҫ۶ĿĹâһͬӳȻĪĺxie
󣬹ѡѾˡ
̻ʡǶ˹мλǶǹ̻ᣬӭһλ˲õʥŮ
֮꣬Ҳۼ֤漣
񣺵ʥŮɶȣ90/200ֵ+56ԶתΪֵ+5

 34 

һܾõʱ䶨ʲôо
άֻ, ۣҲۡ
ڱһƺ󣬽̻ʺʥŮʽάǽһʥŮѡ, ֮֡
ҲһЩȨ, Լͬں´, ܻҪԸһߡ
֮ջһЩƷװ, άԼǰķ䶼ûȥҴұᵽһλڽ̻ʺʥŮסĸмӡ
⵹Լ֣ŮЩ, Ȼûúù۲һԼԺʮ¼ҡ
̻ʺʥŮ롣
άǣ
ָŮ̻ʵĸʥŮҲǡ
ֻǽʱƺЩ, ̻վڴ״Զ, ʥŮվڷһ߿άǡ
άܾøʥŮվ˺ͳƣ֮ǰӦǶŽ̻ʵġ
ʵҲûʲôˣո, ̸Ҳ, ֻΪ˲Щֵհɡ
άǡ
ʥŮȿڲάһֱ, Ȼûʧ
ʥŮˡάЦЦ, ֪ǣ
ʱάزʥŮɫ΢΢һ, 쵽㻳Լǲۻˡ
һشҲʥŮתĽ̻ʡ
ԸոմϷʲô̻ѯʵ
ά۾΢գʥŮһۣȻϽ̻ʵߣҾ, µı֮˿ֻһ̽
Ȼ̻ץ˼̣ҪҪʵӲĴ̣λΪ̵Ĵ˾ǿɾͶˡ
ץ˼ַͨ˵ľͻмˣŶӶֵ֡
ԣԹ̻ʧ
ؼıҲ̫ò𴩣ʹʱ̻ûȣºҲһȥҡ
˵Ȳһ£ڿȿ˹ǿɲŮ׵
˹ֱŪȣġɺϡҪʵάǵвǾ͸ˡ
ѹΪ̽·ӣֶΣѡ𣿡
̻ʾһʦһάȥ˼жϡ
ڰ̻ʣ
άԥģէԺܶº˶˽⣬֮ǰڰλ̻ʳͻʱĳܷλġԡ
εֺ̽γԡأֻ˽⵱ʱϸڣⲻȷá
άǺܴ̻ʵĻش϶άǵĲ²⣬˳Ӧݿ佱΢΢ǵõݵĺӡ
ŶԣǸӣһʮһ궼ĺӡ
͹٣ʮ꣬ޡ
ʥŮЦڱˣü̻ʡ
Ӯˡ
̻ȿڣûп鲻ԵʥŮһɴЦݣϣʥŮسŵ
ʥŮҧס´˫ĿﺬŸӵǸӣô鷢չԸ
ԣô֪أ̻ʵظ
ֻʱ̬ȸʥŮһҲˣ
ϣܵóԸ
ûάһۣʥŮһӣ˾ʧ䡣
һ±Ƶάǡ
кܶʣ
̻ʵĻάص˵ͷ;ý̻ʺʥŮ֮ϵ̫ãڵ棬ʥŮ˦뿪ǷӦ˲ٶ
￪ʼ˵ȽϺأʾάǸϣ̻һ˸㡣
󣬿ҲˣֻάǺͽ̻ʣλõǲ
άǣʥ𣿡
˳Ž̻ʵߣάվʥصߴ֮һżʥء
ģǾ׵ĽǾϵĻݣÿһ䶼ҳ
̧ͷ졣
ʥû꼾̫ɹһÿһ죬¶ȶһġ
̧ͷŵƬգҲԶǱ͸άֻڶпա
Ȼ񶯻鹹һҲǼٵġ
ʥһħһƴװģƶأ統Ƕ˹Ƶʥ޴ڡ
άǱشһվϲôһСᣬ͸ܵʥصĿ顣
ﰲȴҲûκһҲãʮأһµʲô
άҲܵ˰ɣ
̻ʵĿɿԶʥذһҡ
仰άǿɲóȻӦͣý̻ʴҲҪʲô
Թּȥˡ
ܾǰʥزġ
һ֣֮ЩΪ˱ʵϢĽͽǾȫ֮ʥء
һͱģ
Ҳͽ֮򡣡
ʷάûϿӦʱȨ޻
¶䣬ƺе׽̻ʲôˡ
ǣﱣȴҲùʧǷݰѹ½ĺԸ
ν̻֮ǰ˵άһƽܵϽ̻ʹȻǵġ
ˣЩϢ˼ûô
ʵϣЩ˵ôĥġ
Ͳ̻ʥֻһʱյϽ̻ʸǳʥŮǸسɣòͬ൱ʧһ롣
ԣһҲôꡣ
ֱȵάǡ
Ӽĵһۣ֪Ůɲʱģܶ˵۾ƭˡ
ҲҪø۾ڵ֡
άеʥŮҲΰƻеҪһ˺
άǣ츳ʥŮߵģ۾Ҳ㲻һԸصˡ
̻ת壬άĿԣ˫ڴ˿˼غϡ
̻ʴˡ
ά΢΢һѡʥأù̵ʥٴγǰ
ֻǵһ
άǵܽᣬǣΰļƻֻ⣬𣿡
զģҪ˺ڰ̣һͳһ½ɣ
άв֪ôðôһ仰Ҫǳϲԣ㱻ԼЦˡ
Ȼ۾Ķͨˣλ̻ʵԸÿν̻ʶʵ֣ǣĿǰӾ֪жˡ
άھһԱϰһԲִıӻǲӣ
Ȼ̻ʴˣάǽϵĻ顣
ά¶ͽ̻ʼһ޵΢Цʱ򣬴ӦΨһѡ
Ȼ֮ǰʥŮԹһ
ĸɲάҪҡǸԤԻЩ⣬Լܳɹάǵֿ
ֻǣΪʲôҪأ
ܡˡάԼһ£ֽ̻һЩȥάǵİš
ȣѧϰѧϰʹù֮ѧϰ̵귢չʷѧϰָĶ
ڵάǻ̫СһûǳΪʥŮЩ²㿪չ
ʮ꣬ʮԺոպá
ʱ򣬹һõҫƬ½
뿪˽̻ʸάǿ첽Լסȥ;ı㽩
ͻȻһʣδ֪ܲΪԼ
أ߰ţάǽ뵻档

Ϥά΢΢üôоЩ
ֻл£άҲûϸ롣
Ϊʲôһش⣿
͸άǶУ淽㣬ʡ˲ʱ䡣
Ȼг嶯ѻشԼܿˣάǻǷ㣬ʵʵڣҲȷ᲻شңҸʵĻǵʣһأ
άĻشЦˣܿƽشάǵ⡣
ŶάһˣƬ½ֹܶࡣ
֮գɶ5/100

 35 

Ļشάҧҧ´, еۣʵͷе֡
رʶֺļʱάǰ, һʮСʱ, һʮ졣
¾, 䣬ǳй̣ڰ, ̻, ʥŮ
Щһĵ, 
á
ԭƺ𣿡
Ȥְάʵ, ʱֲǸöˡ
Ķ˵𣿡
άǼ̽, кһ , , лȥ
ȴûάԸش, ֱӷʵ, Ϊʲôȥ, Ǹ߹ʥŮ, һкöǸ, Ӧòܰɣ
Ϊм, ǲҵ硣
Ϊ񣿡
ǣҪһΪ˻ؼҡ
άǻشغԥ, οõ嶼Լģ
ء
޴ըͻȻάǶ, һ漴ǰһ·˺ڰƺڸ

Ǻ֮ǰһûʲô˵ĸо
ͻı仯άԥһ˲ջѡ̤·Ȼ˲͸о·̤ʱ֮·
ʮɫɿ컮άǣĹûгܾá
濴һûоͷ·̤ȥֻάǰľɫʹ䡣
׼žĹУִһ˿ׯصĸЩص㡣
ص㣬ϵǸ
άܶ࿰ƾǵˣ٣ԼȲ˵
һòʱһ£ҲڴˣٺÿҲǷ˵ò
λѾάǾҴһ¡
άǻһͷǾƷᱻ˹ҹհ֡
񡭡ôÿ
Ŷÿġ
άǴԻ״̬ѹ˻ͷвŷӦǾ仰
άǣ
ûʸ񷴲
һάǷԼӺʹˡ
ҼʹԻǻӰ㣬άôѹ
˲أ
лл佱
άƽƽݿԵЩ룬Ҳ㣬ôͻȻҴ
ģ
ĵط
Լʲôˣ
һԿά̫ɻ󣬿ȴûȤһһ
ͻȻάȻС¡ġ
ЩҪάǣһϷɣ
Ȼһ̤һͳάǰ˾벻ף⽫սһ㡣
òάǲѡ۾ջ˲˲ѹȸС
ʲôϷ
ά׷ʵô
ǡԣ²άǸϽջԼ뷨濴
ĳǳĺգһ£ƺ˵ҶŶȴûʲô£ƫͷһߡ
ά˳Ҳ˹ȥﱾһȥʱͻȻͳһյĲƿ
ԼһֻƴСһ
ǿһάԼ
ƿάǷάǴսһƿˣƿ׷һССĽɫġɳӣ
άɻƫͷƿ׵ĶһЦϷĹܼ򵥣άǲҪʥŮ𣿡
άǵͷȻָʮ꣬Ӧͦġ
Һϵ̫ãǲ֪Ϊʲôϲҡ
΢΢ͷëѴһƬӰ˿ֿ
ɷ羰άǣ㲻벻ˣôǵ
̧ͷŶһЩˡ
Ҳûҵͽͷֵȥ
άǿĳıݣʮ֣оŵŷָ
ѽһͽһɳӣֻҪάҵͽƿӣҾͿԸ㡣
Ǹ֪µĴŶ
ά۾͵󣬡ҿǹ̻ʥŮ
֮⣬ôΪ㷢չͽ
ЦһϷź
άѵؼˣҿȷĸ㣬ֻ֪ǹͺڰ񶼲֪
ǰƲĲƿĻάǳĬƬ̡
ĵĵȴ¿ڣʲôͽܸиԭɡ
˭֪ĳǺάǰɣʲô񶼿ԡ
Ҫеάǿ¾͵߱񣬸ڳλ
˵άֻþҪƲסԼ۵Ѿ׼ʱԷ䡣
ʲô¶ûУ
ôûõļһﰡ
άȻϷһӾץס㣬ֱֱسĿһǹ
Ѿʼ˼ôŹʥŮƤչͽ
ʥỤ̊
ؼҪҲҪȱסԼȻ̶ͦߵġ
ͷҲǣɣһҪͷ㣬Ұ˵˵ûԡ
άǣ
ǿǿϷ˵ô޳ܵĻάҲǳʶˡ
ԣϷά𣿡
װƿӴҪͽ
άǿɲͿʼһҪġϷƱҪ
Ǵ½˿ڵ֮һɣ
ڴ½ȫǻ۵¿ԷΪݣ֮һŹ֮һźڰ֮һЩʲôĶС
֮һĻҲ˵ð̻ͽڹŹ
ʲô˵񣿸ɵϷɣ
ά΢΢һţܾĻȴôҲ˵ڡ
˭ֱ֪ӿڣάǲǻкڰ츳𣿶츳ͣ˵ҲܵϺڰ̵ʥŮأ
һϷǲǼ򵥶ˣ
άȻˡĸ֣ռģԼȻֻһĨʶܿ͸ԼҲ֡
겻Ϸô
ôάôɰôóͷء
Ǻǡ
άǳһ⣬ƿ׵Ψһһɳ˭ģ
ʲô񶼻ûͽ
·ڿɵӣȻԼġ
ԼʲôԵ𣿡
ûУ㿪ľͺá
ά֪ϷΣպܴ󣬵ȴһݸĶ
ؼҵĴ𰸣ĺҪ
Ϸɽһ𰸡

 36 

άͬϷˣ
άһԼһֻ꿴еļĴ, ޣʲôƱ
ȵȣûУ
һ㰵ʲôô죿Ҳġ
ֲ, һŵԵ, һʹӣߵǧ, ȴһҪĴ𰸵ȵô죿
άʵС汻ô˶, ԣⲻϷ
ˮһüͷֻô򵥵һ, Ҳ͸ž˵, ҪάǸ, ʹ, ס󡱡
άǣȻ𣿡
ĪáάǡģǣһҲš
ɫһ, ǣάҲûа취𣿡
˵仰ʱ˲ˣüβһ˿, Ȼƺ, һάǴսԱСά, Ҫ֪û㹻ǰҪκζǿ̸
άǽӲ壬ȴûлر·ܿ͸ĵ񣬡ǣĲϷ
ЩɬЩţԾճȭ
µһͨƽģ˳ᢵˣĳֻԼ
ЦͻȻЦάһ㶣ܿؿϲŭ޳Ӧ
άҪʲô֤أ
ԼʲôĶЧҡ
άûǿΪΪ𣿡
ˣΪʲôҪ࣬ȵΪʲôҪأ
άǺȻػ뵽ǲҲҪܴǿ
άǣеﵽװ˶ٶ뷨ʱȤ
ǵģȤ
ãҹЩղµļһһˡæµݸ֡ȤĶ
Ͼص顣
ҪάǣϾȥ£ǵıһܺÿ
ڻάǡĸԸϷȽϺá
ָԼüģһڵӴüĴ֣͵άǰ
ҵ飬ĵĻʹҲΥ
άǸոմͨһۣͿʼ룬ƺ˲֪С
ӱһס»ع񣬡ԣĲϷйңɺĽҲһҪĴ𰸡
Ǽάǲ֪ܵһҲǼˣϾһֻôҪʲôأ
ͷ漴άĻһ̣һ⡣
ˣټһԺܶʹö
ȻϷû˼˲δ֪Ȥ
άǲĻɹһ۾ְάɵĽ𷢣СάǣǵһôҪġ
˭ϲأԣԺ󲻻ٿ뷨ˡ
ϣʧúôһ
öһЩάڴӦϷߡ
ǿź鶢һ룬һ룬üĴָһŰɫӡ
ɫͺһģһǷֱںڰ͹顣
ҲûƭάǣµԼģҲǸһﵱĶ
ϧˣ
Ķ绹ûء
ǸˣȨȴ֪ûʶԼ
һȫµ磬˵ֻһͷ°ˡ
αߣȻͷ֮ȴû̫⣬ֻǡ뿴Ǹһﻹʲô¡
*
һʱӵдͽ
ά˼һ
ȣˡ
ڴ½ռ˰˳ɣͽһࡣ
Уռһɶ㣬ʣµȫƽƶ
ǣһɵĹȴռ˾ųɵĲƸԴǺʵᡣ
άҪͽȻѡֻռһɵĹ壬ô򶯲˵ؼάǲϲһЩɡ
άǳƽ񣬹Ҳͨ˼ң϶վԼ˼⡣
ƽƶںʲô
Աů
ǰ磬Ѿΰʵ֤һ
֮𣬿ԭ
Ȼʲô񶼿ԣάǾ͸һ
Ƽ֮
˶зԣ´һʵõ㣬˵˼άҲᷢ仯
ʱ绹
֪Ϊʲôάţĳ
ͻȻԼſԸıܶܶĸоһ⣬Ҫµ㶫
Լ˳ƻάǺܿԼĵһ⡣
ûˡ
էƽһиһ˶ѡ
άûʲôԲĵط˼Ҹºֵʱ˿ԥ
ҲάΣգϷ˾ûеĻˡ
Ҹʲô
̶֪Ҫ˯ߵ𣿡
˦СβͣԵͱŪѺĲ
ҪǶάǣҪһ֪ж಻ǡ
ﰲ
άڰһ飬ôˣֳʲôˣ
漴оðıƣҪһάǣͱһͷ
˵
ĴϣάСȣһʱҲι˲ΪƽԼߣ֮ǰҲһΣպõ
֮ҪͶȡʳϾƽȵģ㲻ҵĳû㲻𣿡
ûһ䣬Ǿ͵ˡɹİû˵۵Ļʲô
άһЦСľ𰲣ɽʥض˷𣿡
ҡҡͷܳȥ̻ҲܸӦ
άǲ̫ʧϾȷṆ̀츳Ҳһվܴɵġ
Ҫ̻ʶ֪ԼҪã
άҪµĸо˼һʵ˴𰸣Լάֲǽ̻ʣ
ڣҪﵽǸˮƽҪڣڵʥصżöĻҲҪꡣ
ѾǸ˵ٶȣһֻѪħޣɳʱҲһħҪ
ûάǣڵڣҪ꣬ٵյڣꡣ
Բħ޻ǩԼҲⷽԭҲ꣬ʱˣԼ
ãһŬɳġ
άǵͷ츳ãԤʮڶ̫ܳʥء
ΪʥŮ̻ʵļƻʼʱҲõʱ
ȻԽϷԽãάǻû߹Լ̺ˮƽ
̻ʲǸúŪģһҪССģ
ʿѡάǿӵһʿҲ׳Ƶĸʿһ֧ʮ߼ʿɵĻӣպάǳУǾ档
һ˵ʿܴСĬҳ϶Ȼߡ
άǶʿѾѡ
أǸû顣
ĶͶ
СǶ˹ʱƣõĺãҲһѡ
ڴ£άǵıڻ谵Ŀռԡ
˿̣˭Ҳ֪½ġϣ֮ۡСӣڽ죬˳Ρ
ϲֵ+5ϲֵﵽ10ʼø+5

 37 

, һ˵ģӴСΪꡣ
ҲάǴƯɰΪŵŮ
ʮŮһʻҪ۵͡
άǴ, ̻˵Ŀγаţ޷
õ, , ʦʲôԸ𣿡
а޳ָһҳ, άǵı·һȪ˿ž͸о
ŮʹôΣǲɱΪ֮㵹
Ƕ˵, άǴ˻ǹ̻ʷɫʥŮ, һܴܺڰ
ңŮֹάǴ˶ԴЩŮҲǲһġ
ΪԹɫ, ֱܷĳһǲİǵƽ֮, ʹⲢܸǴʵʵ档
һ£ԲԸΪάһЩܼ¡
ޣ̻ʴ˳ȥǰЩʥŮйء
һŮǾԲӺЩģֻΪάǣŮĸԸز䡣
ЩԽ̻ǿ, ܿЩ, һǷ˲˵顣
, ʥŮйأ
άü΢΢, 漴ֱܿƽ̹ã֪ˡ
ŮҪ, άͻȻססһİɣ
ŮɻصͷάǴӴóһƿ͸Һ壬ôˣ
ƿԼҩˮȥɣһһھС
Ҫ͵͵ŶǼСܡ
άǵƤգۣñ¶жŮ˲֣Цס֡
Ů뿪ˣά۾ǰ鼮ȴոյ¡
ʥŮ⼸ˡ
˵λʥŮ̴˿ҲĳĹ߹󣬿νһӡ
ͬҲһӵļ
츳ʥŮֻͨͿȲϣοάˡ
ڼҲûʲôܳĴ£պйҲȼʡ
ǣЩˣûĳ˳Ҳɹһˣƫƫάǳˡ
ʾСʵѾĪ⣬׺ߣϵ̻ʴ̣µʿŮϲ
Щ˻ڰʥŮʲôʱλάǾռλһ
ĸı̴˿ộ
ؼġάƾŶоݵľ飬ʥŮһܡ
ţҲϲ̻ġ
ֻһʥŮҪ󱣳ִ࣬ǲܡλʥŮ֮ǰĳλһʵǿ󹦼Ȼ˵ܾǲܡ
ο̻һĸҵԶŮ֮ȻûȤ
ֻǿάУʥŮ޵ԡ
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˵˸Ӧżǰ˵Լʵڶˣ͹㽻
⣬ˣ¼ģȷһ߰ɡ
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ΪάǵĻ飬ǰĹҲ˽һЩ뷨
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Ͽвʿɱ󱨣ҪǲԩʱҪš
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޿ûаάǵС뷨ֻ·ʵ̫ͻȻǶûӦ
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άǻδڣһҵıըͷϷεƺ˲䰵һϢ
Ҳ̫ˣάǣȸߣ
޿ɵĳһһģΪĴ̣ǽ̵ν̻ʵˣʱʮзȨġ
άǵȼֱĴ³ʥأһ۾ͿվڰеĽ̻ʺλ̡
̻ʶ˲άǾȵģͷʹڵĲ˵϶Ǻڰ̻ʡ
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ǺڰʥŮǹʥŮ̴˿
һڷĹʥŮ
άʶĶһ²Ӳ糣̻
ʥŮУһϺڰ̻ʵѾܳˣû뵽ھȻһֱӱѹʥŮ
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ѽάСĵһָס죬Ҿû˵òͨ˼
ڶһ飬ô󣬻һ˵òͨҪ֪òҲǴڶԺһ֡
ڴͥںһСòҲ̫ˣ˴ڶЦһͰ߿
汧Ǹأǹ̵ʥŮƺĲá
ϲǺڰ̻ᡣ
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ҵȻ֪Ҳģ
ƾʲôԻôãƾʲôҪǸ·
ƾʲôҪʥŮ׼ҲԸ⣡
һ̴̣˿Ъ˹ĺ쳹Ƭա
ߣʥŮɶ95/200

 38 

ʥŮ׼
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, άǸոսӴ̻һЩʱֹʥŮһ, ֮ǰӣʱҲһٶꡣ
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һʥŮչ, ȻҲһĬϵĴͳ
Щ̻ʺʹǣвҲ˾ʽãΪ淽Ĵ󲿷ôŹеġأ
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άк˼ʱ̵Ҳβֱӷһ˦ĿĹģˣܺġ
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ԵһǣʥŮҲһ㣬ǺڰҪˣиõģ
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ͻȻֵСάֻǡɡһԶʱ򣬡赭дԸ˻һ䣬ǣҺҪĶҷ·صǸǵ͡
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ʥŮ©ڰ̻ʸպöѡ
ЩΪĴڣڰ̻Ǳ߿˲¡
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ʹάǵȷѲ˸ϵҲΪ˵ľԼգ뵱ʥŮʥĸ
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ˣҪһ
άɰ
άǣ
ûӪĶԻÿҪݼΣѾһʼЩĵڵļֲˡ
άǽע¼еļϣ⼸겻֪ôˣǰһЩСͽԾһ˼ֳ˲ȻҲЩ鷳¡
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شάǺءҵ绰ĳУһαֵЦ
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ֵ+262ԶתΪֵ+26

 39 

ʹֻж̶ʱ, Թ̻İЧҲ´ࡣ
ҽ̻ʻ飬ʥŮʽߵȼĴ͸͡
ʥŮʽеͷϷǴ͸ʥŮ޼ʽĹģȵ, 󲿷ִ͸Ҳһҡ
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, ԭֽת֮Ϊʥ
˵˺ˮܵıӻβݵȵȸִԶС
ͽųʥ鲻ԶͽǰΪհһʥ
εʥŮʽʥϿվٰ졣
ڹ̷ųʥŮλϢ˲Ȼ󲨡
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ҲǺܼƽ⣬ʲôϲʲôɫࡣ
ҪȻͱһЩĹ庢ӵɴ̽鱨ϱҳˡ
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רİŪİͷû̧һ£·ֻʵһ䡣
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ʦżϲЩߵĶҲ֪˾ģҪǱˣһץߡ
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ݶͣƽʱ߸ϵĹͬͨһ켣ȺС
ûʹӷ̣ÿҲϸڣΣܳĪҫ
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û뵽һһۼʥŮ£
Ķӵý˵ʥŮʮ˲ã̺СģϢ׼ġ

ĶԻڵͷڸ䣬άǵĲ²ʵ̫࣬һ⣬ÿһʷǰ
άǵȽ̻ԤĻҪãʹЧƺ˶άǴȻĺøС
涼ûһȴ˸ǲ١
ˣʥŮӣ
ʮ㣬ʽʽʼʱ䡣
ʮһʮ֣̻ʺʮλ̶ȻڿС
ÿ˶ʽۣ̻ʸװȫׯֲʧ
ӭ̻ʴˡ
ˢˢȲŹһ
гҲһ𣬡ǽ쵹Ѫ
ڴеһī֭ڰ̻ʴڶɹƾ費ʮ˵˹˵ߡ
ԴҲ׼һӣİѻĽΧŹ֡
ӭڰ̻ʣ
ڶü΢΢һ壬Ȼ֪һЩˣ˭Ӧ˭ҪȴûõϢ
Ҳּĸֽ̽鵽ֻİӣڶ֪Լǵ͹
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ƺΪ˻ӦڶĲ룬ͬʱԱ߳֡
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һīһҫ
ڶɫһ䣬ʡ
˲һϲŶһһĸôȻͬʱ
ڶ˻ҳûˣָֻܿЦȻǾʣλþò
ʧλ飬ʺ廤һÿն˼ӵ
⻵۵СӣӰֵ㣡һͷõĽ𷢣볬ףĿ࣬άϱУɢǿҵϢ
Ⱥڰ̻ʲ֪˶֣ʵҲߣȻ٣ʵȴ⣬ô˵Ҳ
ڶֻȻһЦ˵Цˣֳʲôأ
˵䣬Ѿ̻΢΢һͷ˾ȥˡ
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ֻòͲܵ͵ˡ
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ûпȥ´ڶģ˿̴Ҷ߾άϡ
ͳĽ𷢱ǰŮϿһ˿ζ·ɫΪ
罿ۻһĺ촽ƵļһʮŮӣӦþʥŮ˰ɣ
Ա߾Ǿһ̣άҲ˿ѷɫ
ʮ˵ĵطһһ˿ȫһƬžжһͷ
ʥŮάǣȻ鴫
ֵ+32589ԶתΪֵ+3258עֵ򼴿ɴ񣬹֮䡣

 40 

ʥŮ, άǡ
άǳֺ޿ɴ̾Ϳʼһʣ˼άôô, ôôӭ
ٴüʹѾüάǶеܲסҲΪ޿ɴôͻҪر
һ˵󣬾͸ý̻ʳάǹʥŮеȨȺ͹ʹڡ
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ԣѡάǣ϶һܸߣǺ°
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ԴڶƢ˷, һﾹȻ, Ϊ˽ȥһЩţҲֻܷ㡣
Ц, رǱ̴˿ϸ˵άҲгʱ̾ȻԸ֡
̻ˣȻﻹ͸α
СѾͷҪֵͺˣڻе㲻
˵ʵȻģ濴һģʵá͡۹⿴άǡ
ġ
ظܵΪƳһֻһˣ;нľ飬ȻǸ
XǻܲɡʿǸƢϿ߾װǻƵģھơ
Ϊڳĵˣڰ̻ʰͲǴֳȻǲȰ裬ͦڴ
ǣûɵƣֻ΢΢ƫͷıĵһۣתͷάǡ
ոջƢһǸôôֲ
óϵȴóľϵ˱Ͼһ֮ʵڲ֮䡣
Լôܡ
ʲԼŵˣǹɲĽӲиⲻǴ
˼˲תǧأҲû;ˣͬ߿άǣֻĿдż־ɡ
ڴ˵ĴڶУû˼
һߵάѾĲϽеһ͸ڡ
̻ʺ޿ɴ̴˿̷׷˳ټһƬյȫάǡ
ȥרʱ䡣
ֻάϷȥףպڵı˿
»һЩ΢Ľ̸ҲάƬ˲ѻȸ
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ǣôˣλʥŮû
˵ʥŮֻ͸ϷеЩˣĻȻ⣬ȴ⻹ǻЩʧ
άǱһգеȨԶǰ档
΢һŵ˾޴Ĺǰպ۾ƽ롣
ӨӨĹͬʱάǺͷϳ֣žǹҲһͬĹ⣬쵽άǶû۵档
ôϲλʥŮ
ŹӦҲͶպðЩ˶ڹڡ
һԵĽָ̻΢΢һջǻعƽάȻ֤˵û⣬Ҳ˶׼һʱ㣬̻ʾͻ֡
ֻǿӣ̻ʵ΢΢Żǵ͹άǡ
˳٣άҲ˳Ʊ۾ͽάǣлԣԸҫġ
Ըҫġ
ʮ˵һһʲô𺳣άǵͶһּûԼʹ
͸񽵲ͬʹù͸Ǵ͸ߵ
˴͸ʹ͸ȫȡڴ͸߱
ʦһֻܸһ˴͸ʥŮÿδ͸һңάǡֱӷʮ
⵱ȻдǿǣԼ㹻ţ
һȺȺҫ۵ĽɫάǵЩгȺɳȻԴΪɢȥ
ЩȶӯĳԵķţĳ˲૳
⡢ʲô
һֻɫͣԼıǼ⣬һλС۾˲˶ۡ
ûע⵽ЩЦĳΪǱǼͬͣһֻ
внܹ̼ϴ͸ˣȴҲûϹֳ
һ㲻ֱָͷͺ
ѵʥŮ͸ǲһ
ΪʥŮ͸һЩ˱ʾҲǵһ
ڰ̻ʰеĺҵЩˡ
׼ٿغӴĹ֮ҪͶڰڶԼΪ˴ҵԼϯ
û¶飬ҲӦ˴ڶĻҹ
֮⣬ģĽʺȥɡ
ʶСûʲôȤܻ۵ؾסĳ򣬱ֻǾ֮ɵĶ˿̷·ʵ壬СŮ⣬ġ
²ۣȴھϣ۲ķӦȴֻǿָĺû顣
ʵֱè壬Ȼʲô˶˵һǲţһʵҲѣֻܸԼʲô֪
˼һġЦȻֻϺ꣬ҲʲôǼһȥɡ
ָ̧֣ϵĺ΢΢һָתȦҪ˼ԡ
ˣ۾գһ£ʧָ⡣
ڴͬʱάҲ˫֣һ֣֣ͬʱҲһ
ֳеĺҲĿⱻߵ´ȻƷ
ˢ
ء
û˵üġ
ըѣ߲ʵĹƬȾĲɫ
һѤ澰˲ӡУźܶԺǶǡ
ңҵ۾
찡ҸоԼǰδеľ񡭡
⡭⣬ô£
澰лعǺܿͷԼϵı仯ǰЩģͻȻͿԼ˵ΪҲػʱ
Ǵ͸
õάǵÿһֻж൱мʦһƵȻһЩСëЧ
رЩƽƶһӿܶȥһγʦܶСǿ
άһΣ˲ﵽ˶塣
ǿ쿴񣡡
ûн֪˭һάǰȻСţֱΪκˡ
·ע꣬Ȼǿ壬谭ֻеķȣһʹ
Ƚɢȥ¶һ򵥵ֲʧµ
ǿҵĽ⣬άǵ˲⣬ȫ۾
ȹɢȥһ˫ۺۼľͷάǾһֱԭӡ
΢紵һз·ǻþ
͡
ʹڶѵõĬǼͬʱ˵ĸ֡
͹̻һڰ̻Ҳмڰµͬǽ̻ᴴڴĶ
ԺҲû¹κ
ԸֳݡšʵĿάȴӡ
ոձʱƺо˰Լ
񣿿Цİɡ
񣺵ʥŮɶ100/200֮

 41 

ιʥŮõ
ϢάǼʽͺһϯ½

ǧ궼ûµ, û뵽εĹʥŮ١
ÿص˾ڲ²άǵʲô

̫ͨˡ
ΪˣάҲһʱõ֡
֮
źյ, ȴ
лĴռ仹ܴҲԴ֮Ҫʱ̾൱һ籦
һܣǿԡһfen
˿Էֳһŵfen, Լһ޶Ըıκò, ൱˵ڶһԲᱳԼġ¡, һ˺
ά˵ֱΪ죡
άǲ֪ʲôʱ, һ˫ȴҪ, ±ĴҲһ߿ݷԼ, ȻȥϷ
ֻǿܱϾøֲģ϶һ, иֲ㡣
ڣֱ˯ͷ
Ӧø˵ģʵϣȫ˲
ڡӦ̻Ǻ, άʥŮסĸ, ûιԼס, ߵˣͽ̻ʵһԶپɫʶذؿڵ
ɺ
֪ܡ
֪Լ, ڲ֪ʲôԭ
⿴ڰ£Ϊˣȴ˸Բ²⡣
޹ʣΪʲôҪ
ΪһݡԼ᲻ḶĴۣ
ǣⶫ͵ĸĺ⡣
άǰ̾һ˾Ͱſ˴ϣԴӤʵСһдɥֺֿ֣Ц
һЦάǶը
һӾ˭Цüëûһرʾֶ֪ˣ
ôʲôҲǹϲ㣬Ľأ
Ļάֱ߳ϲʲôҿɰǿҺЦ
ֲʲôŮ˼˰񶼶ƫмӡ
ҪάһֱקŹĿͻؼҡ
ֲ㣬ϲϷ
άǼ²۵ôֵҲǵһμ˵Ĵ治㣬СܶҪɡ
ȻΪӦάǲٶʹöάĵ뷨ı֪϶ֹˡ
ϡάű֪һµĶͷݺݵشм֣㡢̫֣
ˡ
شάǵԥһΪͬһطάƤۣͷһСӡ
άǣ
ˣٺƽˣԵҲƵģ
鲻ѵõĸάһ֤ðɣҵͽһᱣġ
άǺǺһллˡ
ְûеҲ֪ǲǱŵа񣬵ʱһȥˡ
㡭
ά˵ͻȻһˣ£
žֱӴӸ˲ƵԼӣ۵İ׹䡣
׹ķԴأȻߵϵ硰š
άǴˣǷ񡭡⴫صӦάǵϢķ͸׹⣬Ҫѯһ
û£ǰҪˡάǵĻð°ʵѾҪˣҪʲôҲҪ
ﷺһ˿ɬСŮܵ׷ϵǰ
ģǶΪһԼ¡
άȻ֪Լʿ뷨ȫעڰϡ
˯ǰ˵ʱҪ֮Ҫάṩ
άǰһԼ͹ȥ
ʱһȥάǵ棬ֻͷϵļϵĻɫëȥΪɫëš⸻
ҲһЩάǰֱ۳ûſƻӳһЩ
ʱ׹Ҳˣյ˫ĿСѾͷ
ԭ۵ͯάֻ۾һֱͣߵϡ
˳
ά˳־ëͦ˳
άǵ֣ϻСү˭С»ѵõң
άչʾһԼͻȻͷһᣬ㻻ˣ
ֺʹСȵȶ֮ǰĲһˡ
άͻȻ𰲳˯ǰԼֻǸͨʥŮѡأԴζĿڣǰҶʥŮˣȻҪ䡣
£
ȵеˣ˯ꣿӦðԤһµģѵѪǳ⣬ɡ
ۿһ֣άһɨ֮ǰ¼ƣЦ
£Ҳ֪Լˣˣ˫һӣʹάǣСү˵ô£
ãѾһʼűſţάǵĸֻһ仰㣬ǲ
ö˶˵ģʥŮǧ¶ܱӲǰ굱ʥŮ
ˣ˵ʺ;μʽˣ
˵ʲô𣿡
άɻգգۣûУʽһǾˣҶûü˵һ仰ôˣ£
֮ǰ֪ʺ;μʽ˼һ֮μһСʽȻǰ
άҲֻǴҴҼλ棬Ȼ̾һ䣬ʵòȻǳȵģرǾźҲмơ
ֻǣòάǶɫҲһֿ
ûʲôһ£֪Ҿֱ˵˰ɡ
ҡס
άǾȣ㻹Ӱ
ôᡭ˹ȥأ
άû˵ڵɻ󱻰׼׽ӵؿĳˣûķƶȣǿΪ𣬶ϼһﻨĵĺܣӶǣֲֻһ
Ҳ˵˵ˣҲһԵȫάǡ
ĸϡеޣ꿴ʵǿ׳˳˶¶ˮԵ˭֪ôɾ˰
Ҫ֪Ѫħ޵ĵʺܵͣرԽħ֮䣬ºӵļԽСƫƫ
ҪҲȷףպã˹Ĵ̸ܹ޶ݣù֮ޡ
˳廹Щ㣬ȻǹԵħޣĸ˳ƾͽ˹
ԺҸ츳ߵǩԼԼҲãħҲôںĸ飬ֻżһ°ȷžС
žҲûϼһ
갲Ĺ£άҲλĴĸĸŪЩ˼Ҽ£ûʸ֣ͦģһ۾ѡҡ
άƤһ£Ŀ⡣
ˣǩԼû֮ǰһһֱߵġ
İάߣһ磬ſʼͰԺн
ڿɽʥ𣿡
Ӧһ㣬ʲô
άǺҲӰ룬ʱǲ֪СѾͷЩʲôȻҪ͵͵ʥأһǲܼ¡
ѾʥŮˣҪʲôأ
Ҳƭ㣬ܸӣʱҲܸ㡣
άĿ⣬ҪΪһЩܶطɡԡ𣿡
άǵߣ̫ӣȻһʱ͸ȻСүеģСʲô
άǲ캦£ĵ
ҪģȻ
ϲֵ+3

 42 

ʥŮ, ǰƺû𣬽̻ʴ˵ļƻ׼УΪʽĹڳɹ̻ڸ߼״̬
̻ʴ⼸ͽӴ˲ٹ峤İݷ, ʥ˵Ҳѵһ֡
ʱΪάǷ, һΪ˼, άʽʾԼе󡱣ҪϢ졣
ɺ, Ͼ͸ķѵĹ֮ȷǸֲ֣άһǺķ˴󲿷ˡ
ʵ, ֻάǱ֪ˡ
άΪһ·š
ʥŮ, ȨˣҲܷĸ鼮ǡϵĵһ, ֱ»
ĿͲŮȥ, ά˲һضǰԼ͡
ɫζʮŮռ峿ϵһ¶Ż۳һСƿˮ
һ䴿ʥ࣬ʥˮɵѩ
û, άǵͣʥŮרһûʸһµġ
⿴ƺһ٣ֻͣάҲ͹ȥ, ƫƫ緹ٵĸ
Ŷ, ˼ʥŮû;Ҳеʲôġ
˵ʥŮǳЩģɺܹûʣΪ˱ʥŮ塣
άǣǺǡ
ҪʥŮǿĹ֮õǿιֻܵõһߴʬ壡
Ϊ˶XŮʳ˼̻𰡡
һһǳάԽܵ£ʧȥ˯ʸ
ҪʥŮһ絻ģҲ峿һʱάڴ֮ǰ͵ôŵعǳĵ档
ʱ䣬ΪʥػԣһļȽϺ㶨ҡ
㰡
άһ뵽ӻ֪Ҫã;
ҪץͨϷ
ĶħһάǶ𣬡ĽȲɳǿ̸ˡ
ǰðˣɽʥغάǾȥ˼š
֮ǰµһЩͿ֣Ƽ֮ͷѾСΧƶƽ
ֵҸͽһЩҲȷǴ˲ٰҼ۸Ҳˡ
˶̶̼Ͷ˲ͽϧҲſһƿס
ǿʼάǶ־ս㹻ģֻĳ񡭡ľ½˺üΡ
ֻάûȴһں¶ˮȻѩпʼڽлл佱
ƷܵĻشϵüë΢΢һȻʥŮôңԿȥڰ̻ʥŮ
ǵʥŮǰ޽ɵģпľͺá
ڴŵĻ꣬άޱػشôǳΪϷĲ߶ԹߣȤ𣿡
άѾǱĳػ߶ԼĴʧ¶ʵ̫ˣҲû
һЩ£άǶĲ²ΪĳЩԭ򣬱Ըڶӣų⣬ֻԼ뾡취ȤĿ
ûϻشάǣֵĳĬҲ⣬ѵسлάǾҪȥһЩ伮ˡ
ĿҲ޵ģҪȰһЩرĶϤ⵽ʱֳЦ
յС
ɢϣһֳֻ΢ͷ͸翣һ˼Ͳ֪ȥ
ǰżʮ顰ͶӰӳŴ½ȤĹ¡
ƽͿЩʱ䡣
ԴάǳֺռЩĻеҪάǱЩظĵĹȤˡ
Ҳϲά죬ʵʱһЩǱ顱ˡ
뵽ϷС
һ䣬˵ģǸάǿеĲֲһǴȥϷģ϶жٸ
֪ģŮϲӡԼȻȥֱϣΪ˻˺ܶ鼮ڷ
Ļ
ֻ֣ͷƫһߣû֣ԼԽԽάĳЩ˵ĻҲ֪Ǻ»ǻ¡
ѵ˼徻άڵȵ˽̻ʿʱ䣬ԥϵĻ˽̻ڵĸ
Ҫȥ֮ǣ
άĽ̻ȻЩԾһɡ
άǺܵ˻֮ǣǼϾͿԷԺڰ̻Ľ
̻ʳĬһ˲ά仰Ȼû֮ǵͶĻ˲˿սʵ
ǣΪ˽ǧһƾάһ仰ʧġ
㣬̫ˡ
̻ʲͬ˵仰ڳɹ
άǵʥŮһ£ȻǸӣЩɵ뷨
֮ļƻѾ˰ţ㻹ʵΪ
Ϊ̴˿ͻȻѺάǵͻȻλ̻ʱļƻƱرңҲкôЩ޸һЩǸʱ仹ǰһЩ
ռƻ˳Уڣ̻һ̲ڰ̻ᣬΪ½һ̡
ʱ˶ҸĹ¡
άǲҪżʥŮڼƻпռ˺ܴıء
û뵽άǷҡҡͷһرʾҵ뷨ɡ
ҶԼʵʶƿڣٴʥؿҲû취õ
ҵĸ־˵ʵʮǷȱЩ⿿˵Ϳû취ģ˵ǰɣ
̻ʵͷ˵Щ
֮˻֮ǣΪңҲûһȥո
ֻ˽һʱҲиƻ
άǵ˼·óһʱҲǳ嶯£̻ʵǾԼոչˣûв죬Ǽάǽ뷨
֮ǣ˼壬һ̾ĵط
Ⱥڰ̻ỹҪңϾڰ̻н̻Լ
֮ǰһ󲿷ֶ޷֮ˣʹСУҲΪԭȥӵ˻֮ǡ
ҪײܳǣЩ˾ܸƬ½ɾ޴ʧ
ԼˣһϢ֮صĳò䡢ȵʲôʵǿǹϵģȻҲôһ鲻Сĵ̡
άǵļƻ̽̽˳ʵʶνһá
̻߾˵չˣ޸һ겻⣬˵н̻ڣʲô⡣
ά˳ذԼ˵Ļһ˵꣬˰
̻һԲؿάǣ۲飬άҲ飬Ȿʵ뷨
࣬һЩССġ˽¡ˡ
ȻȥҿǺûġ
̻ûϴӦάǣϾʥŮ뿪ʥʵһ£άǱԣ̻ʿǵҪһЩ
άҲûٶֻص˷䣬ĵؿԼҪ֪һЩ
ֹ죬յ˽̻ʵĴѶ
ҿȥסˣǣάǡ
̻˫ָԶҪһŵ
ʲôŵֻάǺͽ̻֪߻ҪӸ
֮ӽ̻ڵĸгάǾĬĬʼʰ
ΣͰһȥǻ֮ǣˣǰأ˶һЩαװ
Ϊڣһꡣ
һ󣬲ʲôԭصʥأ;мٻάҲ
֮ǡ
άǷһҲƻеҪһ
ϣһ˳
ֵ+41065ԶתΪֵ+4106

 43 

ʥŮͻȻ, չء
ϢʥѾܣάǰ˵츳͸ոֵ˵ҪչҲ
, ڱＸ֮ͰȥæԼ, żҲмΪάϣչ˳
˹ά, ڵŽ̻ʵ˵չҺ, һ˲, ͳڱչҡ
, һƿħҩάԼ˱չһߡ
ָϲ֮, ۾￪ʼ߶Ǿ
ĽУάظܵһ, ԼԱߵȥ
һġ
άٴۡ
վάǣԼޱϤάǡ
ϧάǵ껹δѣҲ۳˯С
ú֮, άתͷ, Ҳ˸, һëûнǣһŴѹӢ
ֻм۾, ֪Ǹ
ôǲŮϲΣ϶˻ʲô
άǼϣ, ôŪôһò
ֵֹģһǺڷġ
άõľǹµòһı䣬󲿷˵ò϶Щ𣬲ֲ, ˼ظС
ḻòҲĿ
ҪǣȻ棬ھԼһȫûɬС
Ŷ֪ˣΪ˴ҲµݣҲͦݵİάûǰԹԸ˸ɡ
ȷ˭뵽ʥŮݳɺڰ̻ܻӭĺڷҹء
ᣬάҲûнֻͣǶඣһ䣬Ҫκҵò̻ʡûǵǸԤԣʮа˾žԼ
ǣάջѡӣһһԵĻ֤һ£һ˿ҲǺܻ¡
߰ɣҵ֮ǽһĵطٵͷҲûʲôά΢΢һЦһסˡ
аڻʥҲֻн̻ʻȥһиоҲܿòάʱǷĵġ
Ҳƴǣ۾һգʹ˻֮ǸһСԱߡ
ֻһֶûеСɭ֣ƽ˼άһ͸ԼһԷһˮħ
֮󲻻ʹù֮ҲǡһˮԵħߣܷһЩˮԵħħޣûˡ
ȻԹ̻Ĳƴ֣õ⡣
άﲻˮԵģϵħħߣĴ;ᣬҲ١
γſɲϴͰ͵ģάǰЩļҵϣҽ̻ʻһЩڿνһֻ
ιάǣ˹ˡ
һԾάϣĿⶢһȻάһѱڻ֪
ֲʧȰԿһάѾ˿ٶȲ죬һһŮɭġ
߰ɣûҪϡ
Űά·һǣ磬ڽڷ߸һɵĿñڲӰߵ£סһϵ·ҲɣһѰɵźЩͽһ
ڴ½ܶ࣬ҲעĿ
óָ룬֮ϱߣ߾С
ά뿪ԭûãȻһһŮͳòͨϵɢŨҵѪӸսһս磬㰡ҽɲ˯ˡ
֪ˣⶼˣܿ𣡡λô˵ŲȴǿЩѾɭü죬ڿ߳ȥˣֻΪ鲻˵СˣȻ縸˵粻û찡
ر𡭡ǰãһƫƫҪͷۡ
Ҳ֪ʲôʱܴﵽ֮ǣλصĳ
ҪΪ˱ܣôǱ߹ȥɣԼһҪúһ
˳سɭ֣˸طϢһڶάǾֱ̤ϴ󣬻һöңһϢͳһֵмС
ģȥǱŶӣ
ҪˣȻǺÿģ
һ׺ڶըάǾͿһżˣֳЩӴˡ
ǻ֮ǣ
ŽֵֹˣάǵǶ˼Ȥ鼮пеĲһء
֡
άǡ
һ֮ǣ
ǵġ
ʲô졣
ӵ׬Ǯʱ䲻
άóһͽ˵ӣдֺ͵ȼ
Ҳ͵һȼ
֮ǵͽǮΣմ󣬵ֹҪ׬Ǯͽƴһѡ
άΪԼõݣ̻ʶ֪ݡ
ǼǵҲûд¼ʺͷάˣеİҲûһ䡣
ⷽ浹Ǻܿɡ
ά뿪ΧһӾͻȺС
֮Ǻܴ󣬴󵽱һСҪ󣬶Ա߾ǻɭ֣ʢħ޺ħҩϣһܲĵ̡
ܱҳռôԼʵ
ɫ磬άҲûסعš
·һ鲼ߵĵＸһۿȥҲˣĺܷ
ͻȻάǱ΢ǡζ
ϷζԴһҿ꣬άƴľ̿ط̵
ô
һһ飬ңǻʳ۵ޣһ飬ҪҾϿܿġΪħ⣬۸ҲͨҪ˼
άǺԥѡҵ⣬ԼĿˮѾתˣûԵˣ
άûϢӣط˸ۣԺг䣬һƺ
ʹ̲סŽгӲȥ
άǺͰͬʱȥ
һӿڣһ޶Ŀֻа˾СŹΧһ򣬹⣬ͷƤ顣
ΧƺѾֲ֣ûһάǵĽŲ̲סһ
ùСǰˣƤ˵ġ
û뵽ϰ庰סάǣҪǹôһ£ǰ˾ԲŹ㡣
仰˵ĺСάһ㶣ȻһԥĹЩѾ±һϢСתߣǰ߼ţ
ȻСͲΡΡվԱߵȥΧ˼ԹԸԼ£ƺոǸʮ
άü죬Щ
ϰߣԺͺˡ
֪ǲΪάǿ˵Եʣϰźһ䣬ĻҲûˡ
Ƭ̺άǵĿˣϰֳɺüСٴάóöҡ
һ
ϰǮݸάǣеĿɢϣֱַӾȳ˵
άһڿˮȻȺУ۾ʧ
ڵСУĸζлֵζܹ鲻žˡ
ų̦ǽ棬ͷ´¶˿ڣϸһͿ
£˵Ҫһأûǰˣֻš
ǲҪԼҲ˻õĸЩ
ֻǣɫпһĹ⣬ֻҪǿ㣬ǿ㡣
ЩˣһҲŹ
˫ϢʱһɿܽıǼ⡣
͵̧ͷǰ֪ʱվһȫںµˣȭͷ˲սѰ·ߡ
˼ʶҲϻһⱻѹ͵ɤ𣬡Ա˵ɡ
ôһ仰۵½һ˦ʧУһۼ쵽ΪԼƹز˻þ
ɻеůⲻǴ
ԼҲûʲôֵƣ˴ӡ
һƺǸոտõĿ⣬ûŹζ
ӵԱʮöҺһСƿħҩħҩƿһֽ򵥵ĻһСˣʾȥ
ʶֲ⻭ġ
Ŵӵˡ
ǣڻ֮Ҳ֡ˡ
Сع鰲ֻżˮܴ֨֨ݰԭĵѾһˡ
֧񣺻֮ǣɶ5/100

 44 

ά֮ǰȫ׼, Ϸ̻ỹʮϸ
εĴ꣬Ȼȥһ˺ڰ̻ĵؽһЩ£, Ƽ֮
, ԼҲҪҸʱͰ˹һ, ⼸һֱ԰صܶණҪ˵ס
Ƽ֮ô, ˹Թûϸ˵ĵһʵͽ
Ӳ, Ҫסˡ
άǿСӣμȻҪ, ȻҸ̶סȽϺá
УǾˡһ߽һ䣬ȸСȫ, еάϱĵԢ
ʮҵѺµķǮ, άصعţȼ˷ǷЩóֵĶ
С̾һ䣬Ҳû뵽֮ǵķôֵǮ
û, Ȼ֮Ǻܴ󣬵ܲסҲ, ҵ
άǴֶԺ, Ҫ𲽣ûУֻмУ, ΨʣµļԺʵڡе⡣
Ϣɣȥǣͳȥɭ֡ȻģȻ
ûаߣҲֻǸûŵĺӣܶ¾ҪԼάⷽо顣
ά֮ǵĵһȥȫûע⵽ĳѾмûˡ
*
ҹᡣ
ֻȡúܼ򵥴ֱ
кͰ²һ䣬άת۾ЩƾɵĴš
ΪһͽˣĵһվȻ׬Ǯĵط
³Ѿĺô㣿xxˣ
үľ˭֪

˵Ļ֮ǿУǽ⹫ţάǾ˲ᵽʲô֮̾ء
ҷɵĭӣζĿһ޲ðȫⶼ¶㿴ıδ󺺡
Ůĺ٣һȥаԼһߺȾƵģҲкЩ˻ƴ˿ηġ
άĿȷسǿȥʼϿһǧٹֵ
ϣһάഫǸŮģŸʲô⣿ôСҲ±ħ˺룿
Ц䣬һֻ־άǵļ硣

һ죬˿ϷĿ˲ˡ
һҲһ׶㣬ʮС㣬Ȼһְֻ߳ͷİ̵ˣ
Ҫ֪ǻƽˣҲǴѪɱĺˣطʵǰʮҲʲôֵ֪Ϸһˡ
ǶԼʵš
XXȻҲعô˵汻˶Դ裬άǺúñȻ¡
˭֪һ룬һ亹ʹð
ıֱ㶵ضطжǱ͸³
ħʦ
Ȼħʦ

СطǱǰ˲١
ϾͽУħʦǱȽϡٵĴڣﻹģˡ
ǵʵҲպǰģɼһħʦȽͨͽжռơ
󲿷ͽ˶ǿõħ޲ħʦȫԶս
Ҫ֪ʹֻһħʦҲܺ˵ĺһֻħޡ
ħ츳˱٣ܶ඼ǹѪŴżƽ󱬷ħǱҲѧɺĳϱÿ¼ʲôɶõһʲƵǮ˭ϲͽֵѪ
άǸո˲ħʵҲмħʦҲ˱ӦҲѷɫ
άɨӣľĽͼʡ
мһ嶼Ҫģôͽˣ
ά񣬾ֱߵһߵĮ̇ԼӵݸǰžĿ⿴Ůˣ253ź146ҽˡ
˿һԽ񣬸պڻɭ֣άһˡ
ŶŶõģˡ
Ů˷Ӧܿ죬Цݣ253146𣿡
ҪΪ֤𡣡
Ȼ۷λ˵ʵɸðȴ١
άҲõƺֱ뿪˹ᡣ
ߺ󣬹ĻϾͱʲôǰû˵ȵȡ
ոһֿ԰άǻУһ䡣
άά࣬еȴʮֵ⣬ϻ㵱ÿСʱǰ׸ɵİ
ʱ䣬Ͱ˰ظԼƶϸѵȻĻӡ
ΪԭάǶԼʵе飬ոһ¾Ͱž˻
ʹ壬ĸ滹ǰһҲ˼Ա
άǸոڴͥôߵһˣҲϲֶ֮һ
Ź˶þͻˡ
Ȼƾÿ񵽰ԺҲֻǶʶ;飬֪֮ǸһڲϢ
һѾ˼ʱֻ޹ؽҪĶȥδЩ˵ȥ
ȥȥһЩ˵㶫άǾֱӻԼסʼԣ
úóԣ㳢
άǴҧһ۵Ĳ֪ħ⣬Ҹزӭᡣ

ػĳܲʥŮĻʳȲġ
*
ڶ죬ɭڡ
ʵʵſάǵļϣһɭصĻɭ֡
һɱһֻļĪ˹ޣҪĽǱء
ѰһֽߴߴݵĶֲݵصᷢߴߴһֱܻħҩеϡ
񶼲ѣѰҪһʱ䣬õĿܰɣÿܼ춼һӰӡ
ڱܹ˺ά𽥽ɭֵвҲƷֽ϶ĵط
Ҳ˲ʼһ
ħԪغŨ
ӣſ̫еľ˸⡣
ţ㿴ǲе𿴿άָһֲ
޵ĺںѪȻҲǻһЩħģ̫󡣡
°һڻʲôɭֻ֣άص㶣
ȿȡ
ӵֲϣ˲佫ֲյһɶԱߵһ㶼ûǡ
ðˣߵѪħޣȻС£ĸ飿
˵䣬άȴɫһ˹ˣ
ж˵ٶȣܿ죬ܵĻþ϶ܲάǵϣ伸һøߴïܵסΡ
Ǹողغõһ̣濪ʼ𶯣һֻ޴ħ޷ɿ쳯άڵǰһССӰ
ǸС
ٶȾȻܺͷɳ۵ħ޳ƽһЩֻͷ弶ħޣСҪûֶΣᱻ׷ϳΪ޿еһĨꡣ
ֻħ޴ƤֱֱάǲȻＴײǰһ롣
άһͬʱСħ޵˫ۣذ׽ħ޵ʺ
Ѫ˲ҪǮƵ罦һӾͱ˵Ҫħ޶ʱˡ
ʯͷ޲ܣֻԵħޣ弶Ѿħˡ
άһʯͷƺСһѾֱһϡ
ű
һάٴԾֻħޡ
㶵ؿάԶȥıӰͻȻһħ޶ҪĶࡣ
һɣĺȴ˵ζ㣬ϴźѪȵζȫһ
ǡ
֧񣺻֮ǣɶ10/100

 45 

˵㹦, άһԾֻ¡һ죬ֻ弶ħ޺Ȼء
ûмǰ, óһˮԵıֽƬס, Ѫζ⴫, תͷǸСڵϡ
ûά߽Ѿһ첽ǰվ, м־ִ١
άϸ, ʵС, վһҲͱ˰ͷֻ
·ò˵϶Եÿյģԭɫ
ͬŻҺڵ۹, ϸӦò
Сͷֻèһ޶һһƽֿɰ
㡭άǸոտһ֣һĶӽоͰĻضˡ
ϵİطЦ, СӻҲ̫˰ɡ
ȻͬǻѪħ޺ħ޻, ħ޻컹кܴġ
ٺܶ˾Ͳϲ˺ħ޻Ѫµĺ, ȻҲһҪԭ
֪ǲܵӰ죬shouѪӴƲס, ʧȥԴɱ˺Χ
ȻһҲǳ£ĺӱԴ
㣬԰ɡ
άûⷽƫҲŰСֱӶ, װĿ⡣
Ǵ׷άʳⲻڴռ䱸˺ö࣬СӼҲ⡣
æҵؽ´ӣ˵ʲôάǣԱ˵ɡ
˵תֻħȥֻһذײħ޵֣͸˲ſʼ֡
æ
άǾëţħʬûȤϳһΪ³޵ħޣֵǮħͳֱñиг˺ü顣
ŨѪζûάǵ³
뵱ҲǺͰɭлģ԰ⷽչˣȻҲɱħޣȴŪ䡣
Ҫֱ˰ɡ
³޵ƫϣϱѪζ̼άȫʧ£Ҳⶫװռ䡣
󡢴ˡСƵҪǲңҰɡ
άǿСֿʹֳɺüȻ޴ʬ壬㣬вУ
Ӷͯ
Ȼû˵ҲΪάṩһԼôɾĴ˵ȻְĶ
ͺá
ʵ֤С
άһѵͿСŹͷָС飬ЩʵڶĵĶֱðˡ
Ļһֱ̼һһͲʣʲô
ˣֻħóԵĲ֣
һС⣬ֲάǣƺϵζѬάǡ
άǿһۣд𣿡
һ㶣ԵЩУеġؿڵ·óһֻ·ܴĴˣҪ
άǻӻ֣㿴еװȥҲҪЩ
ҡæ־ܾάֱƮһ㬵ط֣˼Ž
ˣ
ˣҡװ̫ࡣ
ףⴢҲװٶġ
˵ʵάкü߼ָܴ󣬵ȫûó
һСסֻƼˮ꣬άǿһԸչһ֣ٶҲûˡ
У˺㣡
άǵæˢˢˢ˺üֻֻɫëһһڽɫĻֻ֫ħޡ
ˢ
סħȫܿͷһɽȻά˳ƽǸˮԱ֣һȪպϴˢƬء
ʲô
Щάƫӻ֡
ˣȥɡ
üȥˣ뵽άƺֻʶؿһĳ
֮ǰͷֻСƺڸǲȷֱոշô󶯾ֻСûܣȷˡ
룬ڵӦѾֲһֻԸ߼ħޣŻҪϡȽ
ˣ
άҪߣæһˣҪʲôƬɭҺģҿ԰ҲҪǮҡ
ΪܼĻĿİģ˼
ֻάǵĻشǰڰ֣ˣԼС漴ԥûС
СȻҽɭ֣ôãάǲǺܵܲܳȥߵĺ
ûע⵽ǵԭվ˺ܾúܾá
ڼյؾʲôһûκȥãһ䡣
ˣҽ´Σٸɡ
һιɭعƽ
*
֪ǲ˺µԭάǽȥܲҵֻĪ˹ޣȡĽǡ
žֻԱ߷ߴߴݣֻһСʱЧʿ˵ܿԡ
ȥҹ
̧ͷ۱֦Ҷס˴գڻȥüǲ֪άǵĴ㡣
ȥ
άǻشغܿ죬ֲɭıġ
ζԻԺзģԹߵĽǶȾάϣȻ󳯹ķ򼲲뿪Ҫȥˡ
ʱһάûȻסѡֱȥȰˡ
һ̤빫ʱظо氲һ˲䣬ҲԾмɨάǣػǵͷװû
񡣡
άóƷõ˶ʮңǰĻ۸
վǰƺڴȥҪʲô
άŮʿ
һӵά۾һգޱתʲô£
û˭Ҳûô֪ҵֵģֱʣʲô£
Ц󣬳άʿ˰񣬡Ī˹߼ϵħʦһѰİ
ȻҲһ⡣
߼ħʦάͷҲûиıɫʲô£
ظһ顣
Ī˹Χ˵㣬¥ר̸ĵط֪άԸһʱ𣿡
ôʹŮʿάˣ
άüͷĪ˹˶¥
ȷѾ¥ߵһ¥ȾϢͽ˵˲
ȻĪ˹룿
ҶüûĪ˹ˣβ֪ʲô
Ųţ
ЩƽʱͰϵõĳûȻҪ䣬ڽԺȾƵİɨЩֻļһ¥俴һۣû˵κλ
ںеľƺֱ뿪Ҳĸ
¥
άǻбŰĪ˹
άǣǳİɣ
Ī˹⣬Ҳһ̽
ϧάھǸĪøͽˣ磬˵£ٷϻҾˡ
Ī˹Цһʵǿ˧ôӵŮ˻ǵһμȤ
ãҾֱ˵ˡ
ҺͼһСӣ⼸ҲС
Ī˹˵ϻάһ۵˦ȥдš˵ص㡱֡
Ī˹
һЦðɺðɣҾֱ˵ˡ
ǽһ񣬱Ƚϼ˲άʵԣϣܼǶ顣
άûϳĪ˹ֲһ䣬ǳ˷ģǺܷģ
ҳǵĳǸǿߡ
ά΢ʲô񣿡
ǲһлӴ
ֻһ߼ħʦӵĶ鶼ɵ񣬻ʲôأ
ֵ+38012ԶתΪֵ+3801ֵ򣬴񣺹֮䣬ɽ񡣡

 46 

άûдӦ벢ǩԼǰ, Ī˹Ȼй¶ݣֻģ˵һһѰҪɭ֡
ȻƬСռͰ, άŰͷƺ˼
㻹Ҫ, ܵ㵽硣
Ī˹ʵҲ, СӶһ·߹ģԶĬ, óóȻһİҲȷܡ
, ʵĶ, һƱ൱ǰ롣
Ī˹ѡάҲǾ෽濼˵ġ
ʵֻħ, һ˾ܵ, ˵, Ͳһ
, άȻ˵ͽ, Ī˹Щ, ǳСһ
˲Ϊһˣ, Ͼؼʱ, ѱǿĵ˸Σ, ԼϸҲ㲻Сġ⡣
Ҫ֪ǶϢάǿڵ, Ҫ󲻹֣ʹĪ˹˵, ҲܻǮ˽⡣
ʱֻ뿴Ī˹ߵĳ⡣
ȻĪ˹ûоܾǶһˣһŮǶӳ, ʹҿʼɡ
Ī˹Сʵʵĺܲ½ͽ˶ҲеС
ӳĪ˹߼ϵħʦǿͷԴСе֮ϴ
ԱģмˮϵħʦͬʱҲһмħҩʦеҩṩġ
ԱĦ˹мľϵħʦսҲ
Ա٣߼ϵħʦó
ΨһһŮԱϣһмʦóݺܣкܶ¶ٲĿܰ
˵֧С˷ֹȷеĶУѹܴһЩ
άһЩ⣬˵Ī˹Ȼ˵ˣЩУĪ˹Ҳڹ۲άǵķӦ
˵˻۲Ľ׶Ρ
ԣʲôʱǩ
άǸո˵仰Ī˹ʹӴռóһԼᣬǸ߼ġ
׼ߡĪ˹Ļάóͬ߼ϡ
һЦȻ˽˾ᣬ˫ͬԼɡ
ӭǡ
Ī˹һõЦݣпȥҵĶѰɣպÿһԸ֮ǺóԵҶ֪Ŷ
ȻĪ˹˽⻹ͦ⼸гƶϳάϲʳ
ֻ뱻άǾܾˣһ£ɡ
ȻάǶ˵ˣĪ˹ҲǿѹϾֱӸάǣ˶ϿԼǿ϶ҪĶ㲢
֮ڹſڷֿάǾֱص˷䡣
һֱάǻеżİһ˳쿴ʲô񣡡
άǰѾóûмæݣȥһԼʹûմѪҲܲϵζˡ
ȻڸɾʥشˣɱҲմȾһЩϰߣҪ֪Լǰûôġ
άǳѾǰСʱ󣬰һضžᣬ֪ôһëϿЩġ
ôˣѣ
άԱߣȻᱻŲǰ
񣺰˹֮
Ҫҵʯ˹֮ĺء
ȻǷṩһЩ
˹֮ģ
άǻ֮ǰʥؿϣԼӡġ
˵еİ鱦ʯӢ۰˹ļѪϺܶĲɵһźɫʯ״壬͸İˣ˵İűʯһ̲ݡ
ûűʯܼӲ˵̼ǿȫһûһĩ
ֻűʯѾʧٺܾãû뵽ֳˡ
ɣҳҪʲô
ѵҵŮҪ͸
һԲά̲סôˣ
ѵܳƨİ¶ֱ
ӣۿάǣҵĴмűʯǱղ˵ģô
άü˼Ǽٵģ
ҡҡͷȷҲпǺó͸˭Ҳһ
ÿʶǳð鱦ʯֺһҲ
άȴҲûɶ٣Ǽϸ
˵ڻɭڲԶԶһɫââнɫˮƵǰ˹֮ıյ
ȻϢҳ֪ˣ֪λѪҪ͸Ī˹Ƿ񣬻Ҫڰɡ
ɻɭڲʮΣյģߡ˼ħ޲ϡУżħ޸Ǵ˵
Ī˹Сϰ˼ħ޻һս֮û⣬Ͼż߱ΧΣˡ
ʹӣ϶ҲһԱˡ
Ϊ˰ȫĪ˹෽濼ǻʱ˽˭֪ôɣάʱͳˡ
е˺õĶ࣬Ī˹ȻȲάˡ
ȥģ
άǿͻȻףֵһ䡣
άʰöȥһЩһ𡣡һסάȫȻβ뱻̽鵽Ҳܰõڡ
˹֮ġ
άϸ󣬷ڹ̻ļУһ˵
˵̲Ӣ۰˹õ˾ܼ̳ǿа֮İ˹֪
Ϊ˵̫׼̫ѪʱĹ̻ƴֱӷЩ˵
ʱţֻһνİ鱦ʯ
Ϻ˹֮ĵʧ֪˾͸ˡ
ֻǣҲм䴫еģӦ֪£õ˹֮ʱûо
Լʵм˵һͨĺ챦ʯ
άе̫٣û²⣬ȻԼѾ񣬾͵ǰЩ׼ɲٴıλˡ
ڶ磬ҹ¥
άǺĪ˹СΧһΪ¼ʱԱ˵Ŀⶼϡ
άǺܵûЩĿƵģ΢ͷеİ
άǣĻ顣
Ī˹ʱȻҪվԾյģĶԱҲԼСûά¶һǳЦһԼֺó
άǣóϵħͨҵħ裬óϵħ
άǵħͨħ߷ģмԺһ˲ħԽߴϵĻһǱ𲻳ǲħ
ֻû˻ôɰˣϾһħ߿ɱһͬ׵ħʦĶˣһм͡
ϵ
˻һۣΪάֻϵϵħʦû뵽ϵá
Ȼ˵ͨϵħͲǼ֮¡
άǺأҲʮɣԺһΪ˲õ˵ǶΨһŮϣ촽ģĻһʮ㡣
άȻѾʮˣòҲȷСýֱͣӵͷһŬġ
žһŬװСһ
ϣﴽһһգά˸ʮı飬˼
ϣˣȥһʱǶһжĵġ
Ī˹ԼҶϲϷ˵СëάǿӦ֮ǰҲ˺Ա㱻ϣõġףס
ʱܽҴͳȥɭ֡
һµͷͬ
ֻ˰µʱ䣬ڻʣʮ죬ץˡ
ȥһһЩţĪ˹Ҳû֮ǰά˵Ļȥһٻ֮ʳ
Сӵ˵
Ժкά˵ȻĪ˹СҲ˲ӡ
Űɡ
άЦЦ˺òãôʱǿģֻϣЩˡҪ¾ͺá
֧񣺻֮ǣɽ20/100

 47 

ɭ, ڴ
άǴһڽɫ֯ȼ·ذףһ߻һѿƳ
ͷȴǴǶñ, ¶һͷɡ
ϣƺмִ, ֻ֪ϣѹסԼĳ嶯
ڳĳάǶǾḻͽˣԻɭֳνѾĲ졣
ǵĴ, άһ·ϼûκ谭ؾ뵽ɭָء
ȥ·κΣ, ҵġĪ˹ܵͣ, , ʱпΣ, Ҫġ
༸˵ͷü䶼ʮ, Ҳ㾫ʱעΧһ⣬Եһʱʹά뿪
ʥضסİ, 󲿷ֵط˵ǳͨˡ
ƺ, ܿоյʾغâֵصĸ
Ī˹һʾ, ϣͬʱһӣŸԼһֻƸߵС̽ȥ
⼼ܵĺʵ, Աν, ʱ䣬άǸڵ״̬Ŭѡ
ԼʮӺ, ϣüһ壬һֻԭϷ߰״λá
ܿ첻һӣϣٴγֻͬʱϣͬԭ˰λá
ǰôģ
Ī˹ڣȥôʱܣһôľ룬ǵľ˲ֽ˼֡
ϣϸϸܼ룬ͻȻһƬڰͶˡ
ܺͿܹӽǣܺıƻͻʧЧ
أ
ȥ̽̽Ϸ򡣡
ֻܱϣųԱ֮ǰЩϾҪ²٣ȼ϶ߡ
ǽʮӵĵȴϣɫѾһƬҰףһο۱ۺҡҡͷ
ֻȫϣ巽λӦƫһӷλ߰ңΧһֱ׵Բ
ѾǸܾȷķΧǼֻҲûֻǣ
ͻȻһƬڣ
ǲ˾ħػʲôΣƷ
ƽʱǿ϶·ߣģûʲô쳣Ϸ򣬿Ƿȥˡ
٣
ã
Ϊϵħʦʺǰ棬һǽ֣֮ĺĪ˹άǵˣϣĿѹ
߰ĺܽʹǷ˲ҲܿͿ쵽Ƭ򸽽
˵ʵۿΧûвһҰݣһïʢ
Ī˹ͷһֻǰȥȻû߼͵˵档
žߴ˲䵹¡
ϣνһڰɡ
žͳһĻǸɲ֪ľͷĿܾȻһڻһƬ̺Ͳκټ
Ҳ֮ǰܵȥ
飬ʲôط
ڳ˶üͷһʱ֮侹ȻҲû뵽ʲôð취
ǷŸħԣ
һ飬û취ǰҲʧΪһð취
Ī˹ͷ˺һЩһС˹ȥ
䡪
ǿصҰݱճһӣûκζˡ
ܸоҵĻ˴Լһ֡Ī˹Ϊ߼ħʦԼħȻž׼˽⡣
Ҳ˵صȷ⣬Ҫǿܷˣһ»淢ֲˡ
ʱάǳˣһֻͽħ˵ħԣȻٿħҽȥô
ϵľϲû֮⣬ֻǿħˣԴ
άǾ뿴ǲħˣֻﻹǻҲ
Ī˹Ҳܿ췴ӦħҩʦܻһЩֵĲϣⲻʹħ޴óһֻħޣպÿʵá
һӡ
ʮӹȥħûӦš
ʱĪ˹һһħ˹ȥ
ܿ죬ħ˾ոյĿܣڻȻա
ԣֻħӦ
ȻԻûӦǲҲǹȥҲзӦ
ĻѾǻɭƽ˼ôһСطûҲ
Զ㣬ø߼
Ī˹漴촽С΢䣬ά򶼶㵽˲ٵǽ档
Ļ˳׳״壬ƷԼħΪļʡ
ЧҲޣҪǶ˿϶زסҲһ·СģϣմȾκħ޵ԭ
һĪ˹ǰ֣ȸոǸСһЩɲǺķѵħǸոǸܱȵġ
䡪
ǿҳһӣ涼˻ζһ¡
ɢȥǰľһɫԱһЩӣ쳣

άͨһĪ˹СĻǸӡ
Ϣģֻ׺ڽӵ̴ð˳濪ʼһζƺʲôҪˡ
άǵѾ䣬ʱս׼
ľĦ˹ʱѡĺܺã׳ľٽϰգһһ֩İѷǽӣһľͻѷ졣
ѷһֺܿٶɢ
ˣ
Ī˹һ䣬Ѿ²һֻ޴Ĳ֪ȼħޣӦǱ˾Ҫ
ֻǿѷĴСֻħ޵жô޴
ܴСɽĴ
¶һСԴǰһֻСϡ
άǴû˾͵ħޣվڸߴؿħ޶ΪʼӴܡ
ΪضǿֲǣάǸо󣬵˵ȴɿʼ
ûɭָֻӰƬĵطȻ˵γС޳
ͷάãһ۾Ϳص㡣
ֻħͷ¶һ˿⣬ϸܷһ鱦ʯһСǣ󲿷Ѿںһ
ж
ȻĿ꣬Ī˹ɫħһħ޶е㣬۾ȡ
άǺһλĦ˹Ҳ˫һţҵļħ޵ͷ
ϣħ޵ƤײĶǴĲ֣ȴ˼Ӳħ޵ǳʲôģ
ǸϵħҲƽʱһЩֱֱȥƲħ޵Ƥ
ҲûһҪɱֻħޣֻǽĿǸʯϣֻĦ˹ոľپסǸ͹ʱħ޾͸һٶȸǶȻӿ졣
άǲͱȥ
άǣ
һԾë徹Ȼֱħײȥһֻөײ̫
˾ȵ·ˣħ޾ȻһζһƺҪȥ
˿˲䲻ˣëšʲôֲħް
ڲǸ̾ʱ򣬳ħ޲ȵʱάǼӽǿź챦ʯһذȥ
ذҲǷƷȻĸһӣֻħʱѾȫӵ³һζһһҪά˦ȥӡ
Ħ˹άǣȫ
ϣĪ˹ֱסάǵ壬Ǻݺһħ޷Ľ
ȻһˣʯѪⱻ룬ʱĪ˹ͰѾײɣҲӲϡ
άȴ˲ôˣҧסݣһץסʯһ
ܣ
һ£һסάǣϣ˦һѿܣĪ˹һǽʲôʹ
Ҳ˲һ˼سһȥϣոЩ赲ħһʱ䡣
عάֳһħȣ
ħ޽˲һƬ⻬ıأٶȼȥ
һӿٶȵħ˵ٶֿ˲١
*

ڵĴϢվڻɭڴ˻һۣͬʱЦˣĪ˹ͰĻֱӴЦ
ֽٺĸоá
λ롣
˴һռͻȻѣһŷ۵Ӵ
ά΢һ˿⣬ҳٶδ̫ˣʮűʯ
ΪʲôԼȥȡأʵ׾ٵ¡
ոûϸ룬ڰȫˣάǾ͸ܵڴռİ˹֮һַŵһЩħ˵ٶȺûܲʱ٣Ϊħ޵ԭ
ٶʣڵάǶֻܵͷӦǣĪ˹״
ȻͬʱδĶﴫϤ
άǣҪ֮ǲ
ζҪĻҿԸ㡣
Ҫߣ˹֮ģ֮+10

 48 

ҳסڻ֮ǵ, ռܴΧҲɭϡ
ʹǸոǸħʦֻʵʵĪ˹ǰ̼顢ͨȺ
ط, ̫Ծ
άǻеİг̫ɭ, ɭϵЩɡ
άûʱţ, ˵
ҴӦһ, άתÿľǿ󣬲Ȼ϶, ʱ, ʲô˼ҳǲǳˣ
ţҸոյĻ͸¶˼𣿡ɻеɻ
άȴһ䡰Ҳµġɻ˹ȥһ˲ƿԡ
Юˣˣ
Ӧð, ԻҳʵҪô׻֮Ҳڡ
ѵڱˣҲǣǧ, ϶ֶΣʱջ·һ㡭

άǵԼֻæ, ôͻ˸Ƶ, ˼ĽǶȡ, ϵ׼
ֳ嶯ʱ俴⼸άǷʲô
ô˵ˣάǱ׻˭֪ȻĬˡ
ʹûöһҲάǵͼ
, Ǳˣ
İôûάǣҡ
ϷĿάǺ뷭ۣǵϣӲסˣ˵ˣˡ
һλƺǹܼҵ˽Ӵǣ˹ؾص¿λ͸ϵǹϲһȻŲ⡣
֪˹֮λ
άֳһӣָһ㣬Ӵ򿪣մѪİ˹֮ľͳǰ
ܼЦݸºͣȻûпǣô̵ʱ񡣡
Ī˹ˣһƷ
εȻͦΣգ˳Ǽ˾Ȼһ˵ĶûС
˵ܼȻҲôֻڱʯϻմħ޵Ѫ⣬üһ¡
άȴֱ鶫ðһȪѪⱻߣ¶һѪɫ͸ʯˣ¡
áܼۣһİάǡ
ʾģͺᣬʵȻļλȻԶΪ塣
ܼ鱦ʯ߳ӽ£һ˲һƬ캣нɫˮ
ǰ˹֮ĵȻû
λǴӦǵı꣬Ī˹ӳһ°ɡ
һָ͵Ī˹ǰãһóô㶫𡣡
Ժؿǡ

׻һ˸
ҲǣֵصĻҳһ棬ֻάŮȥǰ״Ʋ˾䣬˵˹֮а鱦ʯ֮ƣ֪λô˿Եõ
ܼҹˬЦСϲЩġ
𰸣ֻ˵Ƿܡ
άǻǵõҪĽҪűʯ˸Ϊνİ鴫˵
˼ЦЦת۾ͿܼҵӰ
·ϺܰŮһԲĪ˹ȻҲ˵ֱһߴһŮСĽ
磬ʲôʱܻȥ
͵ߣҪȲ˾Լȥ
άǴҴҿۣһİŮǸոմĵطȥ·Բǻҳǵˡ
ֻǰŮŲͣάǲܱ̫ԣܿͿҲˡ
֮ǡߡ׵ȣάǱʾԼЩҪϢͺĪ˹СѺø𣬴ŰصԼס
ڸʲô
άǴҴҲһ̽ħ󣬰ʵ
Ǳʯһ˿ֻ֮Ҫʵңֲ˵ġ
άڵʵһ̣ڽ̻ʣھڶģ鱦ʯȵǻ߸˳ǡ
Ҫû֣άĴָСѾͷˣ
һƬڰŽŲάĿƣǾ˵ӻǸܼҵ
̤̤̤֨
ŵŲ𽥱أƺߣǼֵڴ˹ܼЩ˵
ˣ쿴ôŪ
С̫ˣǡ
¡
ά۾һ˿֮˲ʧҪֵǰһ룬Ǹطиһʵ
ϵļʱ϶Ҫˡ
Ӹո仰άҲ֤ԼĲ롣
֮ǵĳĳˡ
άһ֣ħʧôôʲô
Ǹǲ⣿
άǣ߿򰲣¶һƽթЦݣװİҩˮ˽һ£
ôõ˷ˡ
һ̣ɪɪ
*
žĹУѵö˼Ӱ
ܣûзǵл䡣
λͽĿи߸ϵoڱ΢£ȫʧյϡ
û˵ֻ״ĵʳָ֣йɵõλӵ
һֻһ͸ĲƿɳӴԼռ˶ʮ֮һ
ţô⣿
ãƺŻع񿴵񣬡ѵڵҵĳͷ
ԴЦĵ٩ȫɿæˣֻʣһ
ʵָǼܷʲôϾ֮걾ʹȻԣڴʱ˾ԼߣЩ񰡿˵ָơ
֮ȥңȫĶȤζѡ
ԼΪʲôҡţҲΪȤζɡ
ΪԼֻռ˴ƣȴ֪һ衣
Ϊʱġ̫įˡ
뵱񣬿ԡ
뵱ڰҲԡ
ֻϧֶԶҲ㲻˵ġ
ܺ棬һֱҪؼҵάǣڻҫȨɼᶨǿ
֮䣬ͬҲǺڰ֮䣬֪᲻ڶΡ
*
Сάǡ
šڵĲ֪ά䵭Ӧһ漴˫һԼʱͿ˶
ǿ˹
㡭
άʣȴ˸ƣȱ𼱣ҿкöάǿء

СèСƣά²ۣ߽
ֻճȭȻ쵽άǰάɻлȭͷ
ϻһƬ½ģͣ
ȻС˲֪ٱԿɽƽԭȵȵطҿϤƣӰ
ö
άǿ۾ͷһʺţĲ֪жٴˡ
üһȻ⣬˵ʮԣǰάǣԴĸо𣿡
άǣ
һָάǻûзӦǰüģ˼Ҳ˵
άǣ㡢뵱𣿡
άǵӾ˲ı䣬ԼʲôûдӦѾˡ
ظоƬ΢ʹ½ԼԺУԼһ塣
һһҶһһݶӡԼУֻҪһͷû
ָоֱ͡Ļš
ʲô
άַԼΧɫһ䣬վڸ߿УŽµġ½
ߣһӣڣάǾˣʲôԡ
Դ˰鰡ȫµ֡
ǸʲôУȤɣ
˿̾һȲСߵС˵һΪοء
άϴβ˵ҪԲϷź㿴һˣʲôϷ
ָһĳƬɭڳ˯С˵ȻźһģһΡ
⼸ҿһֱæǱȽϳɹˡ
ϣ˷෴άûпģûзԣǣڵ鿴ʮ档
ǲǡ
ˣ
ͣȼ1

 49 

ά仰, նȻͣƬռ¶Ⱥ½˲١
ϻЦ⣬˵Ҳ˹, ŶСάô𣿡
ҷˣ
˿վǰκһλ񣬿϶ɪɪ¹ϴ˵, 
άֱͦıͷǡ
Цֱǰͷ£άĿԣ˿۾ľ벻һȭ, ؿԷͫеԼ
ǵһô˵, еѽ
ô˵ͱһĵӡ
άǣ
̾һ, ͻȻ, ֱͷ, ͷܻ, ָв
֪ǲǱά, Ȼû㣬۾΢΢󣬡ڸʲô
άûŲߣοһ£оˡ
㱻ЦȻ̧ͷ, ҿˣСάᣬͲ̫ˡ
ҪҰ˫ûõ۾ɡ
ɱǷʵɱƺһϢάǾͻᱻڳ˫ۣʬ
ѹ£άüûһ£Ҿ۾ͦÿģˡ
û뵽άʱ鿪Ц˲񱻴һɱʧһɶƵع
Ǳ̫ˣ಻õ˾Գܲס
û˼
³֣´½Ǹڳ˯ġʼΪڶܿʧάǰ
Ҳûǹĸоһֻ̣صС
һһأȻֻж̶̼ӵʱ䣬ȴǲס
ûлϣؽͷάǵļϣһҲûŮӵԾҲԼдŶǸ˰ɡ
ҲΪ߸ѡôһܵƣάǺĵûƿƯԴ
Сάô˵ˣ
ƵĿڣ΢΢𶯣ողǻš
άǣ
ԸˣάȻûǿǲȺ飬Ҳ⡣
ʵ̫ǿʱ򲢲Ǽ¡
Եģ֪Ҫʲô̫ˣڴУ˺ܶȤζѹֻԽԽġ
ȥǷ˾ǳ˱̬ʱĲ硣
ۡ
ҲϷɡ
ʱ䣬ҳһꡣ
ԴȤ̧ͷʲôϷ
άǽĳͷԼŲ£濴һ˵Ϸ
άǵϷܼ򵥣ӡԼĴ󲿷òȵȣֻһ㣬ͨһԼ硣
ҪһξȤάʤҪǻǾģʤ
;˳߶˳߷ΧҲ䡣
СάǾͲҹ˵ģ
ϷǻеȤȻĴ뿴ά䣿
άͷһЦ˳˳˸ëΰɳµġ
۾һգðɣȻСάϷҵȻԸ㡣
άǣ
һˣЩˣȰҪ
ȻԼ񣬵ȵʱûɣ׷ͳҪޡ
άˣͷʲôȽϹģϾϷȻҪгͷͽġ
άգգۣӮˣ͸˭û˵ؼҵ£Ҳ֪񲻿ܴӦǻʵʵʵģո֣ԲǸ򵥵
άǻɣĶɡ
ûоܾάˣ͡Ǹ΢ʹ½һγУԭûб𣬡Ϸɡ
ʵ㲻ϳͷάǺˬشӦ
֮һЩϸˡ
Ҿÿˡ
У̫ÿˣٽȼ
𣿡
̵ʵҪȥٴ½𣿡
ԭǿֻ߲ôѹʲô¶ô鷳Ҳӣһͻ
Ǻǡ

ǣ̽鱨İոսͷάԱ߶һӰ
еģ
ģ
ǿУʵ
ȵȣⲻص㡣
άǣ˭
㡢㡭ضˣ˴ûάȴǵסѵһ飿
άȻ֪Զܵؽ͵ҵѣǿǿεġ
һԼɡǶ˵ģҪҲ֪ôλ
Ŀ˲ŵϣʮ̽еĵ⡣
άǵѣѣôһ㶼֪
ƺûЩάһĺ΢΢һǹһĨѺõЦݡ
ãάǵ׷ߡ
ʲôͬ԰άǵľȡ
ѽҿЦЦˣǶɹЦݣҿеţⲻԾһ𣿡
άǣ
ôŪһԼԭҪ˵ĻԭĿ˿ɵӵĿ⡣
ƺӣǲҪ˵̫ĺãһȾô죿
ŶˣҪң̫СˡάȻԸ˵ֿܿͽעתϡ
ȻҪڻ֮Ƕʱ䣬ҪסϾֻԼͰãڶһ϶ˡ
֮ǰĪ˹ǰ⣬нˡ
һ㶣ܾԼֻȥһˣôо綼ˣ
⻰ͺ°ڣȷСоͻײͷء
ҵҪһЩġһĴȻ˯Ų㡭
άҪԼϿûʲôöˣȻҪʡŵá
άΪʥŮҴҵ϶ЩСġ
ֿƳΪȻ顣
ϧȻϷȻҪʵˣѾݵάһЦŶװֻҪǮЩȻǿԵġ
ˣסһҪĸңҪһ룬Ѻ鷳ҡ
һֻ۵ƳǰŵؿάǣȴصͷûпЦ˼
һΧ۵İ
ͻȻиֵԤУԺֵԴȪ
㡣ѧά¶һЦԺҪ鷳άء
˵˵
*
άǣǣĪ˹ؿάԱߵˣôûͻȻôһʣͨˡ
Ŷҵѣˣ
άһ䣬һһס
Ī˹֪ԲʲôȻصͷлż־塣
ȥһףûйװ䣬̬ȺܺõĪ˹
䷿ɡ
άǵסͦģһСԺӣסһǴ´ࡣ
۲һ˳ֵѡһ䣬ȫûŮʿȡǫõʿƷ
Ҳð֮ǰĻȷڿЦˣϾ׷߻ܳɹϴŶˡ
άҲûʲôԣѡԼǼͿʼʰԼĶʹϷ
Ҳ˵Լ¡
ⲻʱ򣬺㱨Լķ֡
һֱǸܼңʱ䵹Ǻûʲôֵˡ
ǳصҺܶ࣬Ҳ̽һС룬ʱҲûʲô֡
άͷˣȺ˺أҪġ
ҳ϶û֪ĸ䣬ǹܼ֮ǰģ֮ǿϻһ
õʲôͿʱԼŬˡ
άںͰ˵䣬ͻȻƿվſڣüάǡ
άǣҶˡ
˵껹ָָӣһҪԺóԵġ
֮ǰܶˣҲԹȻжָоû뵽˲Ķ
ѹЩ˿ΪһڳԵĸɳô£
άǷͻȻͷۣ
ϲֵ+3

 50 

άǲ, ʹ¼гҲֻá
ԿҲԿ⣬Ҳʳģֻһ, ΢Цʾ, , ǳȥԡ
֮ǻһ, ˵ôңԶĶǰһͲص㡣
Сӣ㵨ӷ˰Ȼҷ
Ϊ񡱵, ı¼Ҳ, άû߼ֿһ
, ǸС
Ҳ̫ˣάŲʮ죬ͿСα, һαħ׷ҪǻһС, ͡
Ȼطӣڻ֮ǻǻЩôСƫƫôù
ǣάǻûҪôʱһǰˡ
ô֪ôˣ
˭
Բͨ˵ĴʣΪ׵Ĵ󺺻˼֣СӵϴҪӢ, Ȱٺú룡
вȰ棬ȻûһɵӣҪǵ̬ǿӲ㣬Щ˿϶ˡ
Ȼ
صͷˣǼɣҾͿ
ǡάǻΧһЩװڿʵڹע·ˣ
ˣ²ǸɵӰɣ
ֻǿ
ԭزǿһ飬Ϊ֤ԼĻ˫һ̯
ǴǱⲻ·ƵŪˣάǾͿҲ֣Ϊ׵һݻͿ첽뿪
άǱʾԼѾⷢչˣαĸҵС̾˿߹ȥ֣վ𣿡
ԼƱһˣҲνǲˡ
û뵽һμ棬ԼһǱӣǰ˫ɾ۵뵽Լ
ǿʹ΢΢ҡҡͷҡû¡˵֤ԼĻ
ϧʵķӦһģΪԼᶪӵˤʱ䴫һס塣
άǡ
ųǿСֿһϷֱһ߰ɣȥ˳Ե㶫
˵ͳһ͹ȥ
һСﱧһߵĺӣ⻭ôôŤǵͨ죬Ҫ
ߵķ֣˵Լûʲô

ԾάǼİЦʮֿţԤйȻûԺԼЦ㶼˲١
¥С
ڵȲ˵ĹУάǸһƿҩˮƤ˺Чܺá
ҲԱˣûپܾҩˮ૵˵˾лл˵Լ֡
òͣ޶ͦɰġ
άϲģ
·Դ׵ɹõάǰһöġ
ǷˣƤʮֱҪģȻ϶Ū޴롣
ֺһЩάҡҡͷʾͬ顣
ǰɣôǻ˵ģڣȻԼЩ£άǺ˳ƵĽСϡ
Ǵ£͵һƣӡ
ûάǣ齲һ顣
ʵ治Ǵ£ȻǻɱйߣһδһΡ
ܶ˵ʹࡣ
Ǽ£ڻɭʱСľǻ˵ħޣʧʧһǮ
άǣǻ˵ϴ˭
ؿάǣһаͽˣʵǿ
˵͵ͷԲ𣬸鷳ˣҡ
˵ʲôάǿˣǰοǣе졣
һԵİѵǸڹϷһ̵ļһ
άȻ𣬡ŶǸУ
ţҿ֪ô𣿡
άǵݴʺͰĻȤǰʱרоǸ½ûйעάǣ֮Ҳûʱ俴ڿȻ֪¡
άǰ򵥽һ飬ȻǼһӦòңɣҵȥ˹ᣬ½ˡ
û˵ʲôֲ廰ˣˣɱǸ졣
Լϲ˺ֽʽŪ
аĲֵǾͼ򵥵㣬ֱŪɡ
άǣ˼ܡΣհ
ȻĻһαϣǵĲ˵ˡ
һޣ뵽˵ĴڣάǼҲ͹ݵƲ˶һݡ
ŲӺܿ챻ӶĲ˰ڵ
άҲû˼˵ʡ
ǵһֵģȻʳոڣüͺݺݵһ룬϶һк
˳ԵĶ
ԵһڵάǺ͸ոӵͬʱס˶һʱ֮䲻֪òüȥ
άǷӦԾͶţѾõһҡ仰ȻǼٵģĪ˹֮ǰάȥԵǼҲõģǹô˵ġ
ëôֲ࣬ŰùţǴһڡ
ζȷһ㣬û⡣
Ҳ֪ʱԼӦò廰ĬĬͷԼһ̲ˡ
Ǹ˺άʶҲ˵άһҲͣȴԸΪԼ˻Լࡣ
ôõˣҪܺһֱһ𡭡ͺˡ
й˵ԾͲԣֻάǽʳʱһԹĿ
άֱӡ
ڻ֮ǳ𣿡
¿еʳͷǵģˣҶԻ֮Ǻͻɭֶ죬Ҫҡ
ͣά˸ƣ߳Աģ㲻ýţҲҪʲôʰˡ
õģʣ֪һһ״̬ʱĲˣάҲùܣֱӾˣ֮зʲô»ֵ𣿡
˼һҡҡͷûʲô
ƺﲻάǣָϽһ䣬ֻǴӼǰʼ֮ǵĽ䱸˺ܶࡣ
ǰԼǼǰ
ü룬˵ǰɣʱҲŸոճĲֻ֪˵ʱʼ֮ǵ˺ܶࡣ
ǰĻ֮ΰûôõģԴ󲿷˶仯ֵ֧ͦġ
ǰ
άǵصһˣΪ˾ĺӲꡭ
ˣĿ죬Ҳ졣
Ͻ˼֪вʲôԭ𣿡
ԭΪ£ɴӸոĻпƶϳȻǰͳ
ҧҧ֮ǰĻΪץһӷ
ʲôӷά׷ʵ
Ҽǵֻ˵һӡ
ӡ
һʵڷʲôҲʵڲ֪࣬άǲ׷ʣԷԷԵ㡣
»Լȥֱ̽ºܿҪнˡ
Ǹ̾ǻ֮
˵ԾͲԵһˮܵĶɨһֿۣ˼άǣһ
άǵʵʹûп֮飬ҲСںϲάǣҪӮˡ
άҲֱӮһͽ
һƺӮϷֽһ
ɿʼ˼ôϷӵѶȣ
Ͼ˶ŶͲãڰ̻ǲеˣ
֧񣺻֮ǣɽ40/100øж80/100.

 51 

, һڻ֮Сͽˡ
ͬʱɫ̰ƣƶʼǳ𣬵ΪԭĹȥ˲֮ܵǡ
ֻʵ, ڻ֮ҲǵײĴ, ʱܾͻᱻɱ
ƺ, õһԵ
ڻɭֵһͨҹ, һһ򵥵, ֻһҲûҵƷ, Ѱѡҹ
ôɣʶʼ, һ⻮ǰǡ˰Զ
̰ĺðûߣһӽǸطǱͷˣ
ܿ, ͳ˷⴦
һȫİӤ, һŷġħˣ
ܣûκλĶ, ҹгķɳҲûѭıܳ
ⲻǿͨħˣ
һʱʶ, һ̣̰ռĴԡ
ֱħ, һѽռ, ˯İӤ
ʹû, ɭҲԻֻΪԷһһѾӤݺݵԶĵȥ
ȣ˵ǰӤ, ħӶܻϾӤʱڵġ
Ҳ֪ǲ飬İûȥ鿴һ¾ͷɳ뿪
֮ĺӾˡ
ħˣͻԽԽǿԽԽǰһȭȥҲôڣһȭȫŪһֻļħޡ
ֻǣҲ֪Լ̫죬Ի˻ɣԵõħ˵Щһֱʵ
һֱһ˿쵫ֲעĿٶȽţ𽥷չԼҲڻҹǰʮʵ
ʵʵԼӲЩħʦħ
ʱ򣬹һ׾
ֻǣҰĲݺݶһӣ󣬻ֻһһֻ־С
ϴ󣬾
ͷĴ󺺽ոշһֲػ㱨˳Ҳάǵϲ˳ֻǸӵûʲô
άǡ
ЩΪά˶ٳЦΪһ
ˣ⣬ֻΪЩϲԷԸ£ŪҲù
ڣڰάǴȥǿЦļΪ
ϴάǿ϶ǡ
ԼϴάǴҲֻ֪˼ҿǸ߹ħʦĪ˹ѣϴ˵ʵЩˡ
˽ⰬԸļ˲ᵱ˵ЩֻЩࡣ
ңǾͰֺݺԱߵӣصһ˲ķѡ
ҡ͡ú̸̸
Ա㣬άǾʹȥ˹ᣬһĵظǺ棬ɢţҺܲˬϢ
ûᣬͿոſƺڵʲôˡ
άǵԤиڵ
Ȼһ˿άǷ۾һ˿첽
άǴˣҰϴ𣿡
˾Ǹոպ˵Ǹֻڵ鶼˺ܶ࣬ǲˡ
󺺼άǲ˵һºԼȥϴڵĻ
һơ
ȻάҲǸ·ƵģֱһȥҾȥһô죿
󺺴סͷʱЩᣬ˵ʵϴӣҲòǲʲôı£ɲԼѡ
ֻܺܿ췴ӦһЦôأˣϴ󡭡
ͣάһֹͣƣһڹһҪҾϴԹ
˵ֱԽ򹫻ȥ
ɫѿˡ
άǴˣ᲻ᡭԶˣؿڣֻⱻغˡ
СİɡֺɸֵĸоôħѪͳôôС
˵ԹԵĸάðһʱԼǲ˵Щˡ
ҪҪעһͽˣάȻһͶע𣿡·ոֻһʡ
ϵͷҪԴǹ񣬲Ҳͼֻܱ֤ͭԼ
ʱˬˣûӹӵʶòˬģӦöѾҷˡ
־ΪС¾ͲˬԼɣװһûµӣаɣϾûǮûƣӶ
άǣ
άǴˣСӵ𣿡𽻽һ۾ϳάǣǼһ˳ƾһ䡣
ڹᣬ˼ϾСӣʱһЩ
άһ㶣ȫûҪСӣܾһסߣעᣬ˳ӡ
άǣ
תͷɣ
άϻͽˣΪ˲˻ɣ϶ҪһЩģҲһ
һ룬Ҳȷǡ
ȰעΪ͵ȼͭͽˣԷóһŵӣλд
λ֪ǱˣæǰҲǡ
ʲôȥɡ
άùֽһ֧ʣͳĿȥ
ʲôأ
άǴˣֻǸͭҡǺάǶһҲԼʵʵ̫άֻϺȣһάΪ˻ʲôģԶҲԭԼ
һҲͭġ
ôһ
һʵܺάһǸ߹ħʦֻǸոעԲͭ
άǵȷİһѣҪʵ̫£Ҫܺӣ᲻ôɡ
Ҳòˣѡ񲻻̫ѣһûӰ죬һܸõ˶Ŀ
ȻάǸĴ𰸲㲻ǶԻɭֺ죿պȱôһˡ
ͷ΢΢£ֱάǣԼ񣬡ãάǴˣһŬģһ
ϣ֮ۡ
ĻҲάǣ˳ƿ
֣ϣ֮ۡظһ顣
ϣ֮ۡ
άǴݼһأ
Ȼ
ǣϣ֮۶ӣʽ
ӳάǡ
Ա
λϵţ˳㿴ûкʵάȥ˵ӣ˳õ¶֤
ٻصǰжһ̹ӣӣζ
ǻɭֵزӣֻժֲױ棬󲿷ֶȥżмš
άǾĪ˹Ƽ³ȷڸеͦġ
պûһ㣬άǾʹһȫ֪Ī˹ˣԣҲ
ؼӲ壬Ͷˡ
һŹӣ´һۣάǿ쳢µͷҧһڡ
ôаɡ
άָͰһţȳθҴȥһҳҪǳԲ£Ҳû취ˡ
꣬׽ӵΪάǵĻЩģȴһһС
еĹӣͦóԵġ
ϲֵ+3

 52 

߳Թ, άǼ˳һȥɭֵģѾ, Լȥ
Լ, άǾûϾȺܻͦģΪһʱƸۡ
ֻ˸ճᣬӭǰһˡ
ӴⲻάǴ𣿡һھʮ, ֻ, ȫʧ𾴵ĸо
˵ʵ, άϵĶ, ԰ֱûӡ, άȻҲ
û֪˭, Ҫ
Ŷ, ǡаô򣿡
赭д, ⣬άǺܺõڹʲôҸû
ԭⰬǸСģвһҲˣɿȴ͸ֵĶĿ⡣
ά֪˵Ҹˡ
ȻʹҶԼ֣Ҳֲ˺á
Ǻ, ƤӵĿɨά, ֻϣһֱôá
˵䣬Ҳάǵ˵ķӦֱ̤˹ᡣ
ſڵС˿, ﶼǾðҪôˣҪô˲˵ĺ֡
ȻСϧĵУҳάǰ
˱ʱ䶼˵лЦЦμҲٿڣͷȾƣװʲô֪
Ͼڻ֮ǻˣһɵ
άûٻͷ߳һκֱӶȵסȰ½˵
ûзȨغĵİϲָάȥһҾƹݡ
мǿˣڶӡ
ҹάǴŰĳԣǰСء
Ȼ֪⣬άȻѡΪǿȻһʱһ
ȻҲһЩ;ħ󣬵ʥغͳȻ
ʹûаάһ˹Ҳֲ
ϴҪô𣿡
պãǼҲû˯һ䣬֪ıˡ
ȻܲãС仰ֱӾһ˹ȥԲС
Ǹ󺺱߷ףصһ̾һѪʹΧҲûһȥһѡ
ôûãҲˣխϸ׺ݣϵĺ⣬ֱСֹ䡣
Ҳô룬ȫҵɶ
Ļͬʱͨһ£Ǹһ˵ġ
ǰǩūģǼ򵥡
άǸСŮһţǾ˸ңҡ
ŰİţֱӴھɱ˰ɣҲûá
άȴҡҡͷٵȵȣҪ̡֪
ļƻûоҪôԸάǵİ취ֻЩСʲô취ʱɭֺάǼ쵽һƫƧĵطС
Ҳ˵ɱǼˡ
ʲôģ
άֳʵôڻҹǰ壬һ̵ĵ
СǶһµصͷɫ滺һЩӻ־üȥԼλһƺ˳˼
𣿡
ʵάǻҡͷĵ㡣
һϧˣк֣Իȷһ飬ǵžͺá
ȻڰСʱ󣬰ȥάǺͰȻϡ
ķ䲢󣬿лһֵάǵһʱ˫üֻΪ̽Ѱܣˣ
صҲûжڷⲽȦͻȻʧԭأ
󣡡
һʱȻԼ˴ħͨˣ治֪ȥ
ϧа
һ룬άǺͰҲʧ䡣
ٴۣһܱյСǲסֻʵֲĿռ䡣
һЩұʯǰԼĺ֡
ǿšħˣάǵĻ˲ȷ
ҲǼʶ㣬ɰõǿŶԻˣǸ߼ħ޵ħˣɲ⣬ϸܷʵڸӣֲһħˡ
ǡǰ˵ħˡ
άǼɻ󣬡˲ûħ𣿡
ǵģħ޽µĺӼʹһħ޵ԣûħ˵ġ
ҪȻͱɱˡ
൱Ҳֻڴмпһ䡣
ħ˵ݾǼټһ֮·
άǶûӡħ˿ɼжô󣬰ôһҲˡ
ǿħ˵
Ȼ֪ǲΪħ˻ԵԭЩӵһֺܻٶȽ뵽ڡ
ʹûǣҲ
άжϡ
յʵ̫ӣֲ赼ǧٿףƫƫûֻǲ˿
ΨһĽ֡
άҲڵʵȱҪߣֻһͨͽˣĵ£ȷпܷ
ֻϧûô

ͻðһ漴һʧȥʶ
άߵǰʧ־
鶫ģϸ˵
ǰ
һһٵСռάһǰֱ»᲻ֺǳйء
ǸӤˤʱͱ˾ᡣ
ǸӤǻҳôˣ
ʰ£Ҳ֪άǵļƻҲάԤĲ࣬޷Щ˵ֶΡ
֪ʵޣάǳʹһ񣬰⡣
һڻ򰬲һӾͻΪҽ䣬ްˡ
ǻ֮ǵġôʹʧ٣Ҳû˻׷»άǸɵģҲֻὫ²¶ǡ
*
ˣ
֪ʱάǵķ䣬˻ʱһڿάַŵһ顣
ʹҲһӾͲµάǵôòŻ֪ǿ鶫Ʊˡ
ŮӷɲǸϰߡ
άûֱӻش⣬˭֪һ֪ٶ
òװ̳άȻҲҪô˺úһЩԼܡ
û㣬ŵġ
άǣǻˡ
άı飬۾һ䣬Ȼ鲻άǾûҵģ
Ϊ췹ǮıŶ
ѵô󷽣άǾؿһۣ漴ʣͼָָֻ˵άһ
Ŷ˰
ǣάǲ˼£ŭ뿪Ͷάûģɫѣ
ǰάǵ֪Ҫʲô̽һ°ɡ
άǵС˼һ۾ͿﲢûΪŵάǡеɰ
ɡѧάǵҲֵס°ͣĶˮ
ԭһһ
άǺܲʱ˵ؿ˸С
ȴȥҸСάǽ˯ǰ¡
ܾúܾǰǧǰɡ
ʣһమˣӦĵ֡
Ȼһ˺ӣȡΪ˹
ʲôάˣӢ۰˹
Ǹаʵأ䲻İ˹Ȼĺӣ
֧񣺻֮ǣɽ55/100İǹȥĹ¡С

 53 

Ӣ۰˹, ֮ôȻҲԭġ
ʱ򣬴½սʱ, ̺ͺڰ̴, ֮ڼȥ˴ƴ½üȦ
ʱ򣬰˹ͻȻվ˳ԾԵʵס˹ڰ̣ƽϢս, Ѿõĺƽ
, ҲΪ֮, Ӣ۰˹
ֻλӢ۵ϼʵ̫, ĳĹžǿŰ˹֮ġ
άǵûƭ, Ȼʱܲ, ȴмƭ, ҲǸŵˡ
Ȼأ꣬άǼʵ, ²ôԤС
Ȼ󰡣˹ǰе࣬ʵǿҴ˰˼ƣһħˡ
صˣάǲɴսһЩ, ´һҪϢ
ë΢, üҲһĨЦǿħû취ĵȼŰ˹ʵԽԽǿ, ħҲһ
˹ǹаʵˣ֪ħˣ᲻ᡭϾħ޵Ĵ󲿷;ͶħС
άǲ뵽ǿŰ˹֮ģѵħˣԼħ˭ġ
ڼԼ仰˰˹ΪӢ۵Ḷ́ص˰˹ΪӢ֮¡
ΪӢۺ󣬾д˹Ҳһλ־ͬϵ£ɰ˹ԿٵĳСռ
ֱһ죬Լĺӣһӵķ֮һѪİˡ
ӵܲãʱпزۣ˹ʵԴҲް취
е»ص½ȥѰҸ־ӵİ취
ֱĳһ죬˹ǿŰ˹֮ģԼΪɭ֣Ӻͺͬʱʧ
άǣ
ȵȡӦҲ̫˰ɣ
ʹȷϢܴ󣬵Ҫֻǲף˹ΪʲôҪģ˼Ϊ˰飬Ҳǰ˹ħˡ
ȻΪʲôҪΪɭ֣˹֮ľʲôã
һһģάǾԼ˫Ŀһдʺţˡ
ûȻˡ
½ˣСά˯ɡ
һֺֻݺ߬סӣάؿߣ
ƫСάǣΪһʿǲŮӷ̫õġ
һﾹȻĻάǱʾĿһ໰²죬ǿȥһЦһ⣬ֻһ⣬شǻǲǾС
ά߬ӵ֣Ȼƽ˴ʰɡ
ҳǲǸӣһڣάžͰ仰˳
˼άҪ׷ʱͻȻͷǡ
˴𰸡
ҳӢ۰˹֮ӣǸķ֮һѪĺӡ
űϣӰʧ
ιιι˵ʲô
һ˲䣬ֳڷǸһʲôʵ͵С
һ֪Щܸ𣿡άȴֱһͻأ⣬ðס
һʣһ£ΪѪԭļ䴫鲢
ܻ͡ģҲûʲôĵط
ôģάʡ
ɵʱˣ񡭡ʱ䵽ˣѡһʣк֪ʶ͡
Ļάµ˼
ӸոĹȡĸҪ
˹ʣǸӡǸһʧӢ֮ޡ
⻹ҪĶ˹֮ģеħˡ
ҲǾֹ˹֮ĵˣʱ̫̣ûʲôо
ħˡ
άǰӴռ˳Сɫңɷŵģܸоӿȥ
⻹͵ģ
άǸϽҪ
ˣһ䡣
ǵģħ˾Ȼ߲ʵĹâԽԽ䶼Ⱦɫʡ
άǴˣ
ſڴЩ˷һֱû˯ţάǷ䴫˶
ռϷ磬ѡţֻԼôô죿
ͣάǵķʲôĶ޲áϡϡ
ʲô𣿡
ű򿪣άǺúõسǰǹֵĸоҲʧ
ΪԼ̫˷ܲ˻þܲ˼ͷж͡
άǿΪ˼ͷ޶У̲סë׵Դ
û˼
û£ҺͰһЩ£ȥ˯ɡ
õģάǴˡԹԵͷôûеܵܵάͻȻиɵĵܵҲ
ýҴˣо˺ü꣬ҽɡ
ǰĺӽжʮԼ㣬άǻе飬ϾҲǿԵ̵ˡ
άǽ㡣ڰУͨһƬúװûάʹЦ
ˣȥ˯ɣС˯᳤ߵġ
±ϣάǶϰ̬һ񣬡
ҿСӿɰչôˣ
ƽ·һֱߵôǯ}ûš
Σֵάˡ
ܿǰעŵϡ
ȥලάоħ˵ͬʱȥҪһ֮ǵϡ
ֻҪǮֵʱĳ
ֻǣҹעǸƽҹ
ĳС
λάһ֮ԵĹܼһ֮ǰһ
зӦˣ
Ȼû
ɶ񣬲һ㣬֪ˣ
侲֪ڻ֮ǲ𣿡
֪ô˰ɣ
ס

ͻȻ䲼͵ȡ˳һҪĶ
Ӽ˲ó֮ǣ󡢳ŵһнҲȫرա
ҴʿʼҰѲ飬һпʿȫץߣһŹ
άȻǰõϢֲͻȻʧ˵һʧʵ
ԣʿסʱάǺվǰ
ְ֣ҵʲô
һʿǵ۾ˣƺһвԾͻץߣлֱӽݿʼѲ顣
άҲǼģõģĻ֮ˣǸӣôҲֲ
ߣ
ʿֱǰȥ
ȵȡάһǰʣǸͷʿֱӸ𰸡
ص㻳ɶҲڻ֮ǵģɵǶҪߡ
û⣬Ȼǻ
һ˵άǵһӶˣ뱩¶ڻ治ʲôٶ
ѽѽ治áһڣɣС͸ȥμˡ
ƫͷάգգ۾ʿһҲûάһʱҪȥεġ
עⰲȫչ˺Լάǲ֪ʲôҩֻܿȶһ䡣
ʿǾʹ뿪άȻȥ˯ֱϡ
Ȼϸ֣ҷ׷׳̽Ϣ
ż͸¶һЩ̶ôʱ䣬Щʿץ˼ٸʿɴɱɷŹ
άǣ
ڻӦĴøոʿħޣȻάǶûħˡ
ҷˣһ
άǾһ𣬡
˵һάǺͰ֮ϵǿϣȻҲʧˡ

άޱվӵĽϣ̧ͷ
ꡭ
֮70/100֮20/100.

 54 

⽥, ܶ࿸סͨѾȥϢάڻҹߣһһںͷĹ֭
Ϊ˳, Ҳȥɭ⹫ѵһôˡ
ҴҵĻ⻹ʮͳһ, Сȴš֪Ϣ¡
˼ǳʲôǸôļһʲô
ǸˣҶ˵, ȫץˣ
֮ǵİ˵಻, ȫҲʮʮ, Ͼط, ԰˵̬Ҫ΢ôһ㡣
Щξͨͨץ, ǲ֪, ڼǰЩ˾ص, ץֻԷһص㻹Щס
رʵһļһ, άҲ֮ʮңȫԱŮ
ЩʿõϢǸһеģΪάʱҲû¡
, ûлӦάǹҲˡ

άһֱŶ, ʱʱǱȴһֱûлӦ
ȥǰ취˵ϢʮbaŶǼٵģٶҲûá
ס, ڴһ졣
ˣˡŵ㱩άɿͬʱָϽ׷ʣǱʲôԱ𣿡
ƣһʮˣˡǸСΪǰˣѺˡ
˵仰ʱԱһһ˿̵ڵϣûб飬ѾڿҪҪס
άҲһΪͦܵġϾȥʱôҲֹ֪ëԸ϶ܲ˼εĻ
ҿǺϷ
ˣ¡
άǴıԹҲϵһɳǱǷʲô
ôɣõǿħˣħ˷⣬Ȼûóͷץˡ
һĿȷץˣάȰԼ֮ûϵ
ĿܾǱħ˼ҳֶΣһй¶ͻзӦ
ǣħΪʲôͻȻأ
ڰＸ궼ûκ飬ôһ͡
άܾһƯһקסܴܶ顣
Ӵţ㻹ң˳͵Եġ
ҿǺع򡣡
ðɣĳȷŬͣάֻܰ䲢ӦŹҶϵ
ֻڹҶϵǰһ̣˵һֵĻܿ죬ܽˡ
ƺԤƺֻһάǶ߶߶Ҳϰˡ
첽뿪Ⱥûע⵽һ˲һڰСУϲ֪ʱһ硣
ڸոӦʱάǻ˼ʲô
Ȼ䵽ĳʱͻȻһһ²⡣
ӺܴάǾں۵óǿħˣһӡӡʮӡ
ħ˵ڣҲûз⣬˵һ߲ʵĹ⣬һͨ

άջħˣ
죬ţڻƺҲ߽ʱħ˲ſʼġ
˼
пܾǵǸδӤ
˵ҳ
²άǹһĨЦʲô
άǴ㿴භп̵ܲ㡣
źķչԽԽϣǻҳʲô
ؼħ˻Լħ˸ǰˣάǾõƵġл
ǡ
ĺӰʧάǵĿЦΪɵЦֲһĸҵˣѡʲôѾˡ
ڵ֮ҵô£ס˻ǣ
ĳҪͷ񡭡ٵȵȰɡ
صסάǴ򿪷֣ʼӦڵλá
һ㣬֪Χ
ˢά˫ۣ
ܸоڳӦûˡ
ƽԼޣҲֻһά˵Ѿˡ
*
֮˽ͻȻһϢǸ͵߳˽аһͽˣ˿ð߲ʹâһǸ
ܿ죬Ϣͽ˳ƽҲ˳
ɵǣɳ˶ûҵӰƺһ֤ʵԡ
άǰصڼУҲڵȥˡ
ϵطܼס
վ󺺣ǰСܡ
άŮʿû뵽ôּˡ
ܼҵ̬ȺУһάǺӣάȻҲǻ΢Ц
ǷϻҲ˵ˣĴӦ˵ˣ߲ˡ
ΪԼС˳ͻʹЩ⡭
ŹܼҵĽάȻû̫飬üȴһ۵ҲЩһҪԱֶΰԼǸһȴͻȻ䲻Լɵ˸еķӦݵһģһ
ñ˵߹۲ӦĹܼҶë·άʲôֻ֪ǴɺͰ˳ͻ
ܼҴˣǰʵ˵ʵҼƺԡڳȥ硣
άʵҲ淴Ӧ˼£һжΣƲϵĿɡ
ܼҵͷͰͻԭƺ
֣˽
е࣬״̬ãһάǾ۾һֱֻܿ˵ġ
άǳͷʾģ漴ܼңͰĳͻͷβһ飬νʮ꾡͹ܼǵ
ֻǣһЩûеõϢ󣬹ܼҲûзά뿪ڳס졣
άǡЩԸġǿӦҪȴҲϣܷǿһڳ졣
Ϲܼ˼Ƭ̺ͬάǸҲһЩɣԼƤ£ƿء
ʵҪάǺЩأʱܼҲ½֦ȻһĻô
ɱһɱʮ˵ûв𣬵ܼȴûô
ȫǱҲһֱڹעЩȻŪһЩпܵļһȴҴɱڻסڶߵǶãǡƫƫʱҪʲôҪԼת
֮ĸӦֲð䣬ǣõǿħˡ
άûͻƣǰȥħ˵»ҪλԳˡ
ԺȵһԱվƺҪʵȴǼӵŮάֻ˵˼ĹѯʣλŮصԼķ䡣
ҹάǱýյ˫ͻȻĺжϣλŮһλ˯ˣλţӦලġ

ţ
΢ȣһȻҲû˯ǻҳ𣿡
ȴſ϶ĻЦһάҪôħֱӸ
仰ҲάǵĲ²⡣
»ص۷Ҫã
Ҫһ˲䣬άǿ϶ϸˣǡ
ħԤˣҲԲһӡ
Ը˵һ̫ˣάֲ뱩¶Լҵɰһռ䣬ȡ
ŷųǸԣֻΪýˣ԰ĸӦҲǿˡ
ֻǸ֪ͨ࣬ء
ûǰάǰȴ·ѾǸۿϷӣҲ⡣
̽ܰæȻãάҲ˳㣬κԼУҺȡ
Ҷ죬һάǡһ˿ʶԷһֻصСάǾ壬ʹ˳֡
ռϢѿһ죬߰ףʮ״λãάǾȥ̽һ̽
Ȼе׼ҪеģϾиʵǿļһάǿɲͶ
øж+5

 55 

ǿħ
һҲܱ, ֤ⱳ֮ʵĲһ㡣
ǣĿռ̻ʣħ󻹵ס
άôľԺк˼, û
ҲоƺǸԼһռ䣬˵ħʵֲС
ʱͺܿάˡ
ֱӴħ, һʻᱻ, ͻݾߡ
õİ취ħֱӵٵĿռ, ൱ڿռԾ
ǩԼ˵пܵģѶϵܸߡ
ǰҲ̹άһЩռ䷽Ӧ, ɶάǵľԻһСĿ顣
ǱٵȵȻھȥҰ
άûйԥ, ܿ˾
ϵԽ, ԽԼûģôȥ档
, ȥܰڿռǷݲ˵, ÿռĲǲͬҶһ޶ġ
ҪǸħ, , 
ģάǾԼһ״̬, ƺⰲ˵Ŀռ䲨ˣһ, ֻҪץס, ռס㡣
ά͵۾ֳֵ״ǰһ˾˲ʧԭء

ǰ˰ӰҩˮЧ֪ôѾ, ֻ޾ôſڵϣᴹأ˫Ŀգάǵĺûһ㷴Ӧ
άǴ׺˫ְϣȵģȻһɾ뵽
üһ壬һֵ
ںѡĸţȻвͻᱻɡ
άǵĵֵת͵ڣѾϰߡ
ҪľǼӴһӰǹܲͳڡ
·άҲԥﷴ˵飬Ҫֿһ


һ
䣬ҫ۵Ĺ֮ӿĳˮ˲ӿ밲壬屬۵Ĺ⡣
άȴû֣ͣӴǹɹܲס˾޴Ĺ֮𽥱ΧһС
ȷûκβάǸڰϵһһɺɫĶֱӱһֻٽ⿴žͲĶסóӡȫס
̿Ƽ򵥣ʵάǵĶͷѾð˼κ飬ãⶫˡ
ĳԲһ£άָϽһЩ֮ȥðѵʱ̲١
ȣȿȡһڱ߿ȱ߻˫ۣʥˮϢſͣ๾ȥ˲ź»˹
һѱά£оô
ЩãûСָ߼ħ˵ָҲһֻҪһк˵
ô£𽥻ָάʵӣҪԼûмʱϹҪһάСռҪǹսֲ˶á
Сռ϶ƣԾͱ˷ˡ
˭뵽ʯ
Ҳίò׷ңҲʮ־;衣
£Ƿֲ˵ģ˭뵽һʯ˼壬Ŀǡ
ⶫȻֽʯͷȴɢһ壬ɫζѪˣһͻ
ܾúܾǰǴ½⧲Ϊ˳˴Ҳݻٵ˼еʯͲء
оһ׿֮ⶫҲʧȥЧ
ֻãҲû뵽СôһʯͷһСľˡ
Ӧϻһ޵Ѫܼʱһռ䣬غԼ
ҲάǶϵû˵ʵĵάǻģʱ
ʵ֤ûŴˡ
ˡ
롰顱һллͷϾ͸оһ£ᡣ
ʲôü
άǱŰͷĴ⣡
㻹ǵ֮ǰǴҲΪСģǴҵĴҲ˵ʲôˡ
һİطôʲô׼ͽȥˣ
뷴˭˵ģҺСˡ
ǡ
άǵЦѰĻ˻ȥȷſռǴˣסû
άǼڣӴħӦЩĶҽǰҲ׼㡭
Ӳƺ֪ˡ
άȴûзŹûн˿϶뻵С
Ժϸ飬Ҳÿζ㣬ҲÿζӮһġ
ʷ;ز۵ʥŮ١
άûм˵ӻͬС㣬ƫƫǩԼԺܶ¶һ
ʱһѱǿĵ˸ֲ
άΪԼԹ֮ǰҲһЩⷽĹ£ڿǵһ
ˣȳȥﲻʺ졣άһﶨ֡
һάֱķ䣬Ůûв
άǸոջֱȥ㽫һȴͷը
ڴͬʱһռƬȫںĻ֮£ͨҪȥܣҲ
ǳǧ۵ķħȻͬѰ
Ȼˣͱزˡ
άǺ͹ܼҶԻǸˡ
ͰһۣΣȥλŮ
һ̣Ҳֻ֣ͬɫĲҰףʲôһ
һô£ͷ˲ֳӰ˭ҳģá
ͷϷˣǶò˵һ˵ò֮£СէһΪǸŮˡ
ûõ⣬ֱɨ棬ӦףǵĹϵӲ˵ġ
Ȼ߾ֱֱά˵ͷ׼ȷ㣬ϡ
⣬ά֣ôͻȻͷݣֻһġ
ûӣҵĶôܽأ
ǰһ̧ͷС
ոΪԭάûзˣǰźӵһ˿棬ѾȫһƬڰ£˭Ҳ͸ĺڰ
ʲôʱ˻ҳ
˵仰ƫͷάǣޱ˵άǽ㣬ԽҵĶ𣿡
άǻû˵ͷִڼʹõħҲûá
һ룬˾άǰպúķԣ˳״
ţǶҲ䵽ϣúشһۣǻҳ
ȴһѽò﷢˾޴ı仯ɲȱۣʱȻȹΪ
ֻǣֽҳĶڻ
һЦƫƣѵɱңĸסˣ
ĸһάǼ۾˲ɴĸ״ˣ
ĸףǲǡӢ۰˹ӣ
ǱҴݣҲΣֱӱŮŮĹҪĸף
Һ޲ھɱ㣡
ŤŮ쳹Ƭռ䣬ͦĳһ̷·ֻǼˡ
άǺܲʱ˵ؿ˸СſܼһѪĹ¡
Ȼ󡭡֪˲֪ԼӦãᱻɱڰɡ
֮85/100

 56 

, ź
ʹĸ˵Ҳûһ˿һ̶ˮ
۵, ںҹƽֲֿϢ
Ϊ㲻ɱء
ĻŮֱһӣڻɭ֣Ҷɱ㣬ο
ڵľάǵп˵ܲ, λĸһ۾ͿҪص֡
ƫƫԼ޸֮, ʹάڽħ˸յ˲ҲŮɱٻˡ
ȴκκºͽţ֪ȱʧд㡣
Ǻǣֹʲô˵ġĸ׺ָܿƽϾҪˡ
תͷάǣС, ħ˸ңҿԴӦһҪǮȨԡ
άôħ, ŮѾüƽϣܸ֮Ǹ, ħˡ
һ仰άǶʱֳ˳ϵĽ, ϵҡҡͷ, ҲҪЩ
Ůü, ֻڵû˿Ѿ͸ֲͷҪʲô
άǽë΢, ǲ˼ؿһԱߵûжĶͱ飬⧲ĸо
ңҪ˹֮ġ
УŮҲû;ܾˣǿŶǰ鱦ʯֻǴŶѡ
ΪάǺһԣСֻͣҪ鲻뷨Ҳ
ʯҲ͸ˡ
ֻУ˹֮ĲУ
άǡġҾҪʹǰ鱦ʯҲܺÿ
һĻλܼҿһ裬Ͼ֮ǰڵ鰬֮ʱάҲһ޹صģ
˭뵽ʱħѾˡ
ڹܼҲ֪ȥάȻŮ˾Щʶ̧٣Ҳû롣
۵һ˿ɱ⣬ŮгһӣиǴ򿪣ٲȻǿŰ˹֮ġ
ħ˸ң㡣
ѾⲻǶûάǵˣһҲߡ
ά۾һоͳǿֵħˣȻһ
˺ֹܿסɵɨӣŮҲǣˣʲô˵ġ
άħǰŮ˵ľ벻ףеĶ
һһ׿𣿡
άǵĻõŮһͷ֪̫ԸǾȫѾƿ£ֻרעҪǿħˣˡ
ҪάԼ϶ôϻһʱ䣬߶ʮһȰɱ˵
ʱҪħ˲Ǹգ
ÿ뷨һ˭֪Ůʵ뷨ֻҲάǿɳ֮
һ
ڿлһĻȡ
ŮסǿħˣȻָ⼴ħʱ
ˢ
ħ˻ǰ˹֮ģάǡʧƬռ䡣
Ů˷ŭôҲû뵽Ȼܳ󷨣㱳ң
ǹܼҵ֣ҲƬռ䣬άͻȻʧŮȻһλܼҡ
ʵϣĹܼҲ氲˺ڹ
һߣɭֺĵ
ɡ
ǩԼάǽħ˺Ͱ˹֮һꡣ
ûոάǺһֱźŮӡ족Ĺаڽ
άǰõ˹֮ĺħˣǩԼ˺άǵ˲Ӵû֮ǵƼ֮񣬲谭Ƽ֮չͽ
˵ԴάǷػҳ󣬾Ϳƶƻ
ǸŮˣռƵ£άǲòôпɥ
Ȼմ󣬿ͬջҲ
ոսӹ˹֮ĺħʱħ˾Ѹû壬˹֮򱬷һҫ۵ĺɫâ
άܸоɭֶ궯ƺڻӦŰ˹֮ġ
˵˹Ϊɭ֣ΪܵԼзӦ
֮ǰάűʯʱҲʲô෴Ӧ
˹룡
һ룬һֱֱڷԱߵάǺҲӲ
ֹڲ¶ʵһģ£άǵһӦðǡ
ȴ˵˹һĵơ
ֻͬʱ֦ʼγһ޴ķ֣ǵֻŵһЩսϢ
˵Ǻˡ
˹ǰٶȷŮ˵³һ䣬ڻɭ֣ɱҡ
仰֪ô̼Ůˣµغɭ֡
һը󣬵Ƕ֦úõĻɭڴϿտԼһͺߡ
ɢȥɺ˵ά¶Ρ
ֻάǻͷĿ˹Ѿħ˵ȻһԵҪߵ㣬޶ʧٲȻǳģ
ĸףҴӦ׻չһӣԡ˹ǰһԻȥˡ
ɵʹոĸҪɱԼҲûʲô֣ˣȷЩ֡
Ů˿Ŀ˹ͻȻһѳϵߣЦЦִŨŨĲġ
ΪʲôΪʲôᱣĹǰ˹Ƭ½ˣ
˹ĸòϵᣬҺûйԵ֣Ӧþͣĸĵ䷶ò
ǣ£òȻ෴
״δ뷨ֻĸһ˵ˡ˹ֱĳĵܣˣȥϢ
ʱ㻹ģֻ˸
ά²һ䣬ھͼװԼǸľͷˣʹڸС
˼ĸӵ£ûʸҲֻ֣ǡϧ
ǸẦߣ
ǣǿһԺøӡЦžŮӵ֣ûϵҲˡ
Ů˵ϳһ˿תֱ֮еһƴһڣһҲ
άһ㶣ѽŮ˼Σհ
ֻȫҫ۵İ׹⣬ڴͬʱڿ˹ǰİ˹֮ҲʼҲ
ƺܲסʲôѡ
Ŵ½Ӳʯ֮Ƶİ˹֮ģ
˹̧ס˹֮ģĿްؿȻ״̬ŮˣҲǣıôõ¾ô赭дʧˣҲȷѽܡ
ǣҴӦ׻ŬҲһ
һ˫޴Ĺӿ˹չͨڣ˵Ĺ⣬һɱ׵Ķ
ԵƬ̡
˹ƫͷάˣ˵ſסԼŮˡ
һùüΣϾǧĴɲ١
ֻǣΣ²˹Ըˡ
ļǧʱ⣬һŮ˵ģԽԽ磬Լ
ڹװסʱŮһס˿˹֣ͬҲס˰˹֮ģȻ󳯿˹¶һºʹЦݣͨĸ׶Ժ¶Цһ
˹һŮ˵һԸҲǵһζЦ
ڿ˹ļУ޲Ůı顣
Ȼһ룬֪ʲôֽţŮ˴İ˹֮͵ѳ֣֮УȻάǵ˵ĿС
ء
ˡ
ɫƮɢٻ۳һ֡
䣬޹ڰ
֮+10

 57 

ֵĳֳ˵, ˹ĸס
ûȼ仰ʲô˼ʱѷ졭ˡ
ǽ¿ʼӣħľߵͨͨѷǡ
, һǳɹˡŮЦúܿ, ֱס˿˹, Ҫ, ҵĺӣһ, žˡ
˹һ˿̧˫, ͬرסŮ, , Ĺ˻ȥ
Ů¶⣬ֺ⡣
׳հ, ö˶ʲôάǿſ˹Ӿһһȱɣ
Ҫɰ, ùһ
ֱǰһԾ˹, ʹ˷ֿ, Ȼƫͷ, ˡ
˵ڰİܣֻǡ
ҡȥ
εά, άüͷϿա
ƬɭЩ֡
ʱ˹ĸҲ˳, άǣ޾ޡ
񿴴άǵ뷨ȥġһʼûܳȥ
˹ǰ񡭡ôܳȥ
漴ؿ˹㿴˹ôôΰġ
ŮˣάȴЩһ˵ʲôԷ¶һá΢Ц
άط˸ۣ֪һ˲翿ֱӴӴռó任ʥŮȡ
µ̺˶ٴʥŮҪʱ̣Ҳܲôˡ
ֻϣʱܵĽ̻ʲһ١
ǿ紵άǣ˳ƴñӣĺڷ䣬ڿ衣
άǵȴǰδе࣬ڵ˵ҲҪоһ˿иĻ
㣬ϣһȥ𣿡
ƫƫ˹ʱˣάǱһ˾ûؿԼģ벻ҲԼ
Ҫ㲻ˣ˵һҵ¾Ͳˡ
һǿϣҲûеڶεΣһ˲ˣ˾ٶζûá
˵䣬άſ˫֣˻ǰİ׹⡣
ѷԽԽ󣬻ɭҲܿͻΪȥʽӴʧƬ½ϡ
ǣ˹ͻȻҲάǣġ
Ҫңòã
άǣֵܣٴңҶҪˡ
ƺάĺ壬˹ָ˲䳤ֱͱԼദǿħ˱˳
ԭ˹ûĵġ
˵ǿħ˾ġ
ʲôάǱǰȿֲĳŪˡ
˹Ů˵Ҳʼѷ죬Ƭɭһ
㲻һֱһҡ
Ļˡ
ʹľٶ˹ƽģ룬㡣
ĵħ˷߲ʵĹâԽԽסƬɭ֣ѷ쾹ȻҲâһƺò˶þָܻԭ
˹ôң
ŮѵȴûɭһճѷԽԽ࣬ԽԽ羫Ĵˡ
ֱֱ˹ƺȴ˹ֱ̧һ߷ɡ
άǣ
ڳǲǾһģոջֵȱСھͰһ߷ɡ
άǶҲݴˡ
˹߷ɵŮ˺ݺ˵ϣĶֽȫ壬ȴûκѪҺ
ŮˣѲࡣ
˹ƺ񫣬Ӹ£ؿŮˣҴӦײɱ㣬ԼѰ
άǷ·˿˹Ļ͸ոĺ塣
֮ǰյǸŮ˺ͬھ
һԼѰҲΥԸ׵ĳŵ
ӣֲ˹
άǿ˹񼸾仯ջǻΪƽ
ȥ˲ʲôˣҲǩԼԼһȥڰ̻Ǳߣ
άǶˣŮ˸ͨеĹؽڣһЦȻǸ
㣡ⱲӶϲ㣡ԶòԼҪģ
ء
Ů˵峹ըѣ֮ǰİ˹֮ģɢڵϡ
˹һӣɢƬռʣһЩɫƬһ΢΢һȫΪ˷ĩ
һܿƮɢȥɢƬɭУ㱼䣬άǺ˼
ϸʱƺֻԼĴ
Ǹס
˹ڣҲϵ˽ľ档
άȴһֹͣƣҶǵļ²ȤҪȥˡ
˵꣬뿪Ƭɭ֡
ڣʱ߲ˡ
˹ôƽȴάһ˿Ц⡣
ѽǲ£պҲܺء
һֱ˵ڳЦһۿ˹֣һΪ治ƽߵЩСĵάǡ
ֱˡ
簬˹֮¶Ǿ仰άǾͲ𣿡
䣬޹ڰ
һץסάǵģ˵ʵ漰ͺڰȷͦġ
ңֱ仰ҪҲ֤Ǹ˼Ĳ롣
ҿ͸㡣˹䵽ϣ˫Ŀߣʲôˣ
̯֣һ·˶ѣùҡ
»𣿲Ҿ˳ȥЩħˣպ׬㻨Ǯ
ŶոǶȷ˲ħޣħʲôļֳɵģֻάǶû뵽뷨
񣬻ǺϷ
ǣɡ
һİӵ֣˹ƽ˫ڳ𾪵ɫ
ոƮɢķĩȻ֪ʱֻһģΡ
Ǻãǰ˹˹ĸףҵĺӣչˡ
ӵºͣһͨһᵽ˹ʱᣬһҲ˵λԾѹսҵӢ۰˹
άǾԼʱľ棬˵еﶼˡ
ҪǹͺڰҲ֣
뷨Ȼ¶ϣãάǣҼ
άһȫ񣬶𾴵Ӧõġ
ֻ΢΢һͷޱȸ߰ģ˹Ҳ⡣
ҵĺӣЩˡ
˹ӻģ˿ӰάǴϸܵǿߵơ
ΪĿ˹𾪺󣬺ܿƽҡҡͷҺܺá
˹Ц㰡ʱ̫̹ˡ
ҺܱǸǵ¡
ĺڴĽ֣ǸǷ˴ʵ䡭
ϧΪңܣ㡭
ܣ
άǾһصˣ
΢΢һ۰˹˺ܴ
ԲܷǼ£ԡҲ硣
ܸˣʱ䣬ոյĴƬɭֵʱʱڻҽ׶Σպáʱע⡣
ͺڰ񡭡ˡ
ʱ䲻˹һͷ˴Уӣ磬ѾûйҲûкڰ
άǴ˫ս仰ʱûе𾪡
ֻУ뱻֤ʵС
ʱѾ˳̵ĴӢۣĸҲ㣬ȻԲϧ
ǿʱ仹һ˼ǧ£άǰչ
û˵ĶҲ죬ܵõ𰸡
֮+20

 58 

˹, һԳΪѡ֮ӵİˡ
ĸʣĸһλΰʦħµİкܴȱݺΣԵġ
ɰ˹һ, ӳǿ, 츳λ, ˰˵Ĵͳ, ӵһħˡ
츳ֻ, ĸڰ˹ûǿ֮ǰһֱû뿪ߡ
ֱԼľ, ˹ҲԱ֮ڽӴĴ½
һսϴĴ½
˹ĸ׽̵ĺܺãֱȴäĿȴá
ҪѪ, ʻѡΪ̳ˡ
, ˹ĳɾȻһеһ
ͬ˴½ﵽʱֲĽʱ
νӢ۵Ѵʡ
ϧ, ȴôá
սʱ, ˹Ѿа֮žǲһ
ȻģԳҲġ
˹Ӱʱպֻˣ˹뵽Ҳķ֮һѪʱһǰ׼
ԣ˹ȥһ˵ܵżһĨʶ
˵ǹ, ˵ͺڰѾˡ
˹𾪵ģŵġ
ɵϸʱʶʧˣǸżҲʧˡ
˹ɻȥõѣ˹֪
ʱ˹ǿĶ࣬Ҳ֮ǰάϵλһֻżοδ
˹λѺ֣ص׼ȫƷȻ󡭡һԤԡ
ǧɡ
ʱֻа˹֪λѵҹͱж
ʱ΢Цȴ޶͸żֹ졣
˹ųصصӵأֵһʱ䷢ĺӲԾ
Ѿܳ̽麢ӵĽ뿪ǰʮֽǿ׳ģڡϢһ룬һڼȥ
˹æ˸ֲĶʥˮ֮ˮȵȣЩѡ
ʹЧ΢΢
˹ĸҲ۰ӣΪķ׼Ʒȥˡ
õˡ֮ˣԵд˽ôһĻ
֮ˣ
˹ףȴ½սⱲҲû£ҪΪ֮ˡ
ң뿪ǰһжǺúõġ
ʱ䣬ΨһֻУǸʶ˵ĻǸԤԡ
ѵΪܣԳ֮ˣ
ΪʲôҪͷδĺӣ޹ģ
˹ܷŭֻܲǰĶûʸӦ
ٸһʱ䣬ΪٽһҲԣȱľʱ䡣
˹ûµģǡǿҪһӡ˵仰ʱǲʹĵģδĺӺİɷѡɷ
ǣҵĳͷҵĺӲӦóЩ
˹ִܹ
ĸʦСӴϰ˹˵츳ҲвСĳɾ͡
ԣһľ

Ȼ˺ģҪܹڣ
ǧ꣬ҪĺһԸ
˹ħΪģȡٸ߼ħ޵ħˣһ΢ƽںһ
Ȼĺȡĸ壬ǿŴ໻ħˡ
Ҳ˵˹һһűȰǿֵħˡ
Լ˰˹֮ģʣǧԺ뽫Ű˹֮ĽԼĺӡ
ʱ˹ӦѾɳһ̶ȣ֪ġ
һİ˹Ѿܶ࣬һûаš
ӣǡ
ǸŮˣҲమֻû취ȫѡ
ѵųĽ׻ظ˰ǡ
һΪɭ֡
ѡ
ǰ˹Ǿ壬òųѾһǻ۵Ŀ˹ӦҪչ˺ðǡ
󣬾ĵȴ
һ̣¿ӣ˵ʱ֪ƻɹһ롣
ǻɭ֣ܸӦάǺͨˣҲǾƻĹؼ
ǣʶֲסˣǼǵáһ
˹ĻЩ϶Ҳȷֲ˶ãȻȴάǴˡ
˹ǰ˹𣿡
ѵûз֣ʶ𣿡
йľ飬άڰ˹ĽиܵŨŨΥ͸С
ڹǰΣ˹Ӣۣе֮ˡ
ɿ¡
ڲȷµΣʱѣѣֺ֮Լӵࡣ
Ϊ˾Ⱥӡ
ɺЩ£ΪӺãΪʲôѿ˹ڵģڻ뽫޼ںϡ
οǣܸİ֮ѡļһһоԲΪ
ԣ⻹ǰ˹
˹ģζסȻֿʼҲǴˣǣǰ˹Ҳǡ
ĩʼɳ©һ㵹˹Դھ޴Уǣʱ䲻ˡ
һƲл궼Ķֹôãó鳾
˹
ǰ˹µĻɭعƽѾΪһƬɭ֣ٴκ˵ʶ
άüһЩģϧǲһ
ҲˣԲŻġ˹ȫӣǲԾӰ˼øĮƫ
˹ƺһҲάǵĻ˹ɢķһۺһӣάǵ˻ص˳
һңħƣʹάʶٵһʱ֮Ҳϲȫ
˵˹ħ԰ǲҲаʵˣ
Χһ𣬻ǿ˹ȿ˵
֮£Ҳǰ˹֮˻ɭΪ֡
ףǲԾ˰㡣
԰˹ʵԾаģ¡ֻˡ
ά̲סһۣȴҲڿһ¶һζ΢Ц
Լ֮£һء
˹˵֮£ĪҪˣһ
˹˵óһɫƣҵԵҵһ
άûпؽӹӣô죿
˹ĻУʵάһģǸͺڰˡ
ǣǸʶ˭ʲôıģ
άǲ֪ܾһŴӺܾúܾǰͲµһսܿ죬ͻᵽջʱ
˹ҡҡͷûлشάǵ⣬ȥϢɣЩҪ
ȷ겻ڣҪµȷܶࡣ
άǺصԼס֮ǰŮ֪ȥ졣
ظάǽķ䣬ȻظԼһˮ
Щ㶼֪𣿡
άǵֱӣҲڱ̬ȣûл
±ӣĿһֵοУСάǣĳɳ˺ܶࡣ
飬֪ĻΪأŮɵĸоʲô
ά΢ƺ˵ʲôӣʳָסĴ꣬ꡪСάǲҪֱ˵Ŷ
ǰиӦġ
άǵͷ΢ЦŵݸһˮĴЩˡ
֪𰸣Сάǿȥһ˺ڰ̻ᣬ㱾ô𣿡
˹øж70/100

 59 

֪ԼĴάǲ, ֻͺܲˬĳÿζǻ˵һ룬θڵģ
𾴵£⼸ѾǷǧʮ, ֪ʲôʱԽ壿
ÿǷһ, ծͻӰٷ֮ʮŶ
άǵ·ϷʱڲƱϿֻһǧҡ
ͨȻǿһ, ޹, Ǻǡ
ʱҲǷԵ, άǿұʾʵѾſͬˮƽ, ʵ׬Ǯܷ㡣
ҪǮƸ, ǻʲô˼
֪ǲǱάиɻɸ˵, ҲͬҪ
ԣ
һ£ôôࣿ
ģ, ǾɷǷһʶծСϱ, Ĳܺƭҡ
άıЦֱӴӴóһųֽԼ, ҿɶˡ
Ԥһ, ˿Ӹء
, ȱʲôȱǮ
ȷʵ, ҲԸȥ׬һøٶȡ
ſһֽ, ˲׹άԤı
ôĿŵ, ЦĺܲãСάǣҹĿ࿴
άǺ, 
Ҳάƶ죬ֱȥ
άɻ󣬡ȥģ
תͷޱȥɭ׬ѡ
άǣۡ
ĳЦ߿άһۣиϢ
Ӧò˯ˡ
άһ㶣û׹е˼žͱϣܿ֡
ʱҲˣάǵ£ֱ˸λãһ
άǣ
ľְĪøάߣңλ͵ġˡΪʲô˵
յ˽̻ʵܡ绰
ʱǰάҲǿϵֻΪ˷Ļһ繤ߡ
ڣ̻ǴǸܵ˷ȶõĲ
άһʦԣû£ֻ
һõʥŮҪѧʵĻԣ٣棬ϾɭֵĶȷЩҪʲô˵Ҳ̫ˡ
ǣʵ̫ϸˣ
*
Ҫ뿪ˣ
ʮ󣬿˹󲿷飬Ƕòǵļ䣬ڣάҲˡ
άǵͷǴڻ֮ǴģĿǰҳɣǾǰ˰ɡ
Ͼڰ̻Ǳߵ¸ӸѸ㡣
˿˹ڻ֮һȻȥڰ̻ǣŵǡ
ڴ֮ǰҪҸһ氬˹֮ǵֶѾã˹ҲӦᾡǿƣⲻֻǾҪ೤ʱ仹ʵʲ
ǰԵټˡ
˵ʵάǾټĻЩãˣ˹뿪֮ǣȥܶ¶ҪæҲ֮ǡ
ǣЩ׻Ҫ˵ġ
˹ԱߵĿֶάǣЩë󣬿ˡ
³˻֮ǻʮĸﶼвҵҵʵٻǧ겻ѡ
άвõԤС
ǰûκŮӽԺҲбˡ
ȵȵһ¡άǼͣǡڣ
˹ͷ¶һһģһЦݣϲΥͣǴŵĵһʻ˾ϲ
Һϲ㡣
ֱֱ˵ˡάǾЩͷֵۣؿ˹
ʶ죬ʹ֮ǰǾҲǿ˹
λ˼ǧСӦòϰɡ
Ȼ˹û˵άҲ²ϻͯѾǵһΣǿʵûк֢ʵ̫ˡ
ԣڰɣ
άǴűʵ̫ԣ˹۵һ˿ãֱǰһϥ¹
ң˹ģԸһԸеУΪɨƽһϰԸ
Ҿܾ
˹ֱֱӴϣάǺ࣬ҲҪ
˹ûɴűǫƣһά˵Լ뷨
ǿһ飬Ϻдżᶨ
һֻ֣άϲһʯ
ԶҲ֪Լ֮ǰǸŮһͬھģûסĻ
ǿ˹ﶼ̫ƶ񤣬һôһ˳֡
ôܷأ
ŶСάҵģͻȻΪֵĳһݲ
άһ㶼ûһŮԺУĵֻǿֲ´
άһҾֱ˵ˣҲϲκˣҲκһ𡣡
ԣ
˵䣬άҲʲôӦֱתˡ
ûϸȥҿĿ˹㣬Щᰡ
˹ָ̱һ
תͻȻ뵽ʲôƵģŶˣҺһ䣬Ҫƿħҩûõġ
㣬ġ
Ļÿ˹ɫ΢䣬֪Լôܵôᱻ֣ǶԼ֪ʲô
ʲôˣֻ¸ά
*
һߣصάʰһѱ˯İֱĴȥ
Ѿˣʡ鷳
зġ
Ȼոߵ󸽽ʱͲ֪Ĵ˳
СάǺù֣Ȼˡߣ֪ĻΪάʲôˡ
ĳʱʱ̻̿Ծŵıάѡľӣֱƹ
ŶӡǮһǳɡ
ֻǣڹâסάǵͬʱڶ泯΢Ц
˦ܵ¡
ŵǣڰ̻ĴӪ
൱ڹ̻ʥأֻǲ̻һռ䡣
άת˼δ󣬻ʱڵط
ò˵˱άǴκһжҪࡣ
ڰ̻ʵΪǹҪʵб˰ɱҲǻá
ԣڰ̻൱Ũ
ŵ˴Ҳ󵨿źܶ࣬¶¶ȵĵǡ
άһ飬鵽ӵǵġˡ
Ļͦ˧
ά̲ס࿴ۣҵ飬Ѿֲ֡
ιιιʲô񣿡
±仯ںһֻèİצάǵ֣ʮȻ͵õһͷɱ
ӣάǺϲڰ̻᣿
õǴ
ûеõάǵĻشĿȷֱӱ˺ڰ̻ڵء
ߵĽ
ƺЩάʲôˣò˵ǵӺܴ󰡡
ڰõէһǿɣĺڰĵ͹ĳɫһ˵ĸоʵ
ֻ˫õͷȣڰǾƿ͡һ顣
һ𣬲ò˵ЩԼӳ֣άǶ࿴Ҳϰˡ
ֱֱߵڰ·Ѱ£ȻժñӣһͷںڵͷīͫԱߵĺڰ˾࿴˼ۡ
ֻĴںڰ̻Ҳ࣬иķӦ
ţάǱ۾һ½ͨõĵơ
죬֤
ԼǲҲкڰԼλѾ
֤һ㣬ƺҲһͷˡ
Ͼλˣ˭Ӧ˭ôɵش˺ʵ
֮+5

 60 

ڰ̻ʴڶе㷳
ɹ˹̻ǽ, ˼ʥŮŪ˹˵һϲձ¡
ǣάǵĳҲ¶Թ̻ʧ, , ˡ
ǰôʥŮùʥŮ˭һʥŮʲô
˲ţʹõŮҲȲ
ڶ, ƫƫֲ࣬ڶʱŪˣһһ, ȥڰ
֪ΰĺڰʲôʱҲԸ, һǸάǲĺ, һúð˼ҹ
ڶ̾һһ˫۰ϸ볨ţˣʲô˷գ
촽Ǵǻƺʱͻ, ؼ, , һӶˡ
, һӿ϶ֲ˶þͽеͶɴڶ
̧˵°ָۣ̫ͣ, ɻȥ
˴˵һͻȻְȥȫûϢ
Һܿµ˫ĿЦڶ磬ν˼ܡ
ǡɨˣ
ڶĻֻ˵һ룬ͻȻ͵ԱߵŮӻΪԼʲôŵæɪɪ
ڶϲ룬ĶҴ
ֻǴ˿̣ڶЩˣֱӽһ磬Ѿڽá
ǰģߴĺڰ͡ǰǸ˫Ů
Ȼôڶٶȡܡֻǡ
ڰǰһ㷢ɫĹâģһõӰӸֳ֣飬˸ƿ
ٲȻС档
ֻӰƿֱǸ˫ŮһȻʧˡ
һǣһ
˿̣ڶֻһ뷨ͽڶлĿ
˯ͷ飬ʵǡ̫ˬˡ
ǣά˫Ŀʱһ۾ͿǸЦЩĺڰ̻ʡ
ǰԵģĴڶʵЩ۾
άڵ˼档
ոյʱûκҲûڰ̻ʵĳֲѾ֤һЩ⣿
кڰ֮
й֮ͬʱҲкڰ֮
仰˵һСƭӡ
λС㣬֪Ҹôƺ㣿
ǽ̻ʴڶ
ڶĺܸˣֻݲֵ̫ԣڻûʽάǲ츳ֵѾڰǰŮ츳Բ͡
ãȹ̻ǸάǻҪߣڴ
ãάǡ
λ̻ǰάûװɲµСŮԻᱻôߡ
òҲСӣ̫Ļ治ȥ
ھͺܵؿŽ̻΢ò¶뵽̻϶˵
ôһάǣͷάǵĶر
άոҲܵǹɣҪ⣬
ڶĻû˵꣬ŮͬʱڽãñͰĵطո
Уάǵġˡ
ʥŮ̴˿
֮ǰľ֣
겻òҲȫžѪЩ˵ġ
ڻһڷŮӣ϶Ǻڰ̻ʥŮ
һûʲôȨúܱĿʥŮ
Ҷ֪ҪǱ̴˿Ͱ໥ƺ⣬λʥŮͱ̨ˡ
̻ʴˣλ
̴˿ȿڣάǵɳƲѺá
ڶɲǺӵģֱһ֣ûлش̴˿⣬ά˽̻ڲĴ
ڰ£Ҫ´ܷά뿪ˡ
άվʱѾ˼λˣҲǺڰ̻Ĵ̡
ǿڶ鶼ʮֹһ˻ֱóһˮ򡱵ݸڶ
ϤĲԹߣάǵĺѹܺõؿڣҪôϢ
ŮüӣҲǸദģ츳ĺܸߣڶԻ᲻һƫ
ںڰ̻ᣬʵ˵ĵ
̴˿ͰɶǱԭһȻһΪ飬һΪһĸ֮
ôıѹһͷ
ֻܶ飬㲻Ͳᷢġ
άڽַˮϺֳٳٲͣͬʱñ̴˿Ͱ˵ꡣ
꣬ǸάǺҲƵĳȻ󡭡Ǹ˵ֵ
һǧİʮ塣
ؼУһ˸е֡
ڶ۾ʱȥԽˮֹͣʱ
Цһǧİʮ
̣
ϲ£

ϲЦʱڻƣ˿̣Ůʲô뷨Ѿû˹ġ
άǱȴû̫飬ƺӣؿеˮŴڶֱֱʾǲǴʥŮҾʥŮˣ
Һڰ֮ʹ÷Ȼһչһ£Ҫҡ
ţ
дţ
̴˿ֻڰ̻һʱܵ궼Ҫࡣ
ӿһ˿˿ڣֱֻǿа£ԼߣԼڡ
һ룬ƺԺܵ㡣
αȱ̴˿ҪǿЩֻĻıһͻȻֵԼŬ˼Ŀ
ã
ڶͬάǵҪ󣬡ֻҪ̵ʱڵʥŮһΪ㿪ţ
仰һֱӾʹŮô
ν̻ʵʵ֮ϣӳ֣ǡ֡
ڰ̻ҲйŮ̻ʵģ
ά㹴һĨЦϧҲһĨŷܵЦ̫£ʵЦ
*
ʲô
ֻԼһ˯ѣ춼ˡ
Ҳ˲ԱߵһΧѾûˣȲάǻУʼ
άûǩϸԼֲǿȵĹͽҲŹҪǱǹԵģάνԼʹ֪Ҳʲô
һ˵ͽĿֱֱģ
ͷ
Ƿŷ磡һɻؿſſš
ͷʥŮȴҪȥڰ̻ʥŮҺкܴʳɹǸʲô°
ǲǻû˯ѣ
棬ά£ֻ˭Ҳûȿڡ
άһʱ֮䲻֪ôڣʵкܶ²ҲȷһЩ£ǣô
˭֪ʲô
ãάǺһˮһַؿۣƺĳǵϷ𣿡

⣬Щ⧲
ǡаɡάֺһˮ࣬ˮڰĻԣҪʼչأͰúദ
Ŷ
ά߰ɣҪϢˡ

е㲻·ư
ֻ˵Щ
άǼᶨصͷԣ
ţű򿪣Ȳ˽ֻάǺ֮Щ֣ʲô
˵˾˭ôоάǶȶԼҪΣⶼ
ֵλĸо
΢һѾ𰲾ϵ⣬־һűԶϡ
һǳɣ˺ü顣
ǣάġ
񣺵ʥŮ140/200

 61 

Ǹϲŭ޳, ά֪
ޱشһԲʱϢĸоάЩܣϵ, ϵܣһЩѡ
֪ûжʲô, ֻǵһ˵Ĳô
ǰֵƽ׽˿˵ֻĶȤζ, һĵ, ά, ۾գһµʲô
ƽƽ, ֮ԭ򣬴ҲΪԸȤɡ
, ôܺͰһദԴأ
Сά, ˵˵µʲô
ڽάǵʱһܻϳ֣žЩĸоƺƺڵЦ
άѾϰ, Ҳ, ɫ, λӦĲˡ
ͷ, ʾάǼ˵ȥ
㡭߻, ʱλĹ
ʳָ˼, ɣأ
СάһЩɵĴСУһһ, ǹϵӦòãڰ顣
ԣļɢܾúܾãͼǰɣӳˡ
Ļά˲뵽˺ܶණ˹˫ǲǶֱʣ
˵άҡҡͷûˡ
һЦס°ͣѵûвҵʲô
ˡ
άͻȻǸܵѳ̾˿
£޷ǾǱһ㣬ص㡣
άǽŷһ⣬ΪʲôһҪʵôЩ֪ʲô𡣡
ҵʵƲʲô˰ɡ
ո˼ôþͨ⣬Լھһ̨ϵϷӣܸڴȥȤá
ȻôûάǱȽʶʱ񣬲Ҫʱ̣ȥӲӲ
뿴ϷǸԱ
Ϊƽʱ̬ȺЩ͵ΣϾûκνаʱ
άǵ뷨Ȼû˵Ǵвһ뷨
ǰôø
ǰҲ֮꣬Լġ¡һ֪ԼãеĵһӦǷʣܡͼƷɱ
Ĺ̸̡ϸ߲ˣʧˡ
άôһÿˣЩԾ
Լ̫壬˲ж뷨£άԸȤ뷨ʱֺпգһʮֺϸϷҡ
֮ǰǸΪԼһЩŴϲԼλʥŮҪõĶĶࡣ
άǷһֱάǣҲֻǸһŻϲŮˡ
Ҳÿľˡ
ǣģûɵģǲġ
ΪʲôСάǿôأ
ֵάһ㶣ǣûаɡ
Լʱͦ嶯ģֻ⼸ԺһЩһ£ơ
ûŶάǣǵġ
˳ǶʶôãάȴһҲңҵҲ˿Ȥ
ιιιԹĿô£
άֻдΪǴͲѰ
ҵĸ涼̫̫һˣĶ֪
һʼûԼĳЩûа취㣬Ҳûа취㵱ѡ
ʵЩάǸ˵ģҪô룬Ӧ˳Ļ
ǣ˵ʶôãľ˰ܲɱһЩĪġ嶯ġ
Ҳ㣬Щĵִ˴άǵüģҲϲ
֮⣬˵
άǸܵüĲ᲻صҲ·ʧȥһſϣˣԼװû
֪ĵ뷨һҵһ׼ݴ
׳ƣjian
ϲ˳ֲģˣҪʵǿ϶Ҫᶾġ
ѧάǵҲһſ˾̲èӣȴַг

ͬʱ̾˿άǿ㯵񣬡Ҫ㷢ģԲɱĥʲôģҾͰ㵱ѡ
ֻǣʲôģһ
Ȼ̧Ƥûҵԡ
ԼЩµĹ֮ҲΪ磬ʲô
ˣ˳ȻɣˣҪչأæġ
ϲά˵ҲЩˡУûؼңˣʱིЦɡ
ϣϲŭ޳ܷһ
ѵùԹ߳żʱͻȻתͷСάǣ԰ɡ
Ͳ˺㣬Ҳõʲôˡ
ҺģϲĶҶ԰
άǣ
شһءͬҲϣһɻͼߵİ
үƴˣ
*
ڶЧʺܸߣȫԳߵңڰ̻Ĵ󲿷ֵ伮һЩħҩħ鵽άǲΪԼʧɢŮ
ðɣЦʵԭάҲܲµԼ츳⣬ءǵǸԤ԰ɡ
ʱôֳڰָ̻עʥŮѡε£϶Ҳ֪ǸԤԡ
һάǵŮڰ̻Ḳ̻ᡣ
£κһڰ̻ͽ޶ԣ֪Щڰ̻ᰵҲһֱҷŮˡ
άǵĳ֣ǡ÷Ԥԡ
Ҳִڶ֡
ά֪ô£ϻһνı飬һжܼ
ʹڶ鵽һǹһСϸϧȻδɾͱ׷ɱֱֻʣһˡ
֮ŬѧɷɱңɹҲȷһʱ䡣
⡣
ȷԼԣڰ֮ͬͨħһвͻᡭ
ά΢̧֪۱Լһеĵõġ
㲻õģֻϣұչʱչ˺ҵĻ飬Ҫȥ
仰άǼǵҪԣõ˴ڶһȻŶ
Ȼ˵ĹϵάҲý͡
źϣάһ۴ڶɴЦ
ʱάĺ֪ЩͺڰĽͽ֪Լ䣬һʲôӣǣ
ĳҡ
ͱ̴˿Զ
Ѿչأ֮ա
̴˿Ļ˶ףʹֻ˵չһ£ɶ츳˵һ¾͹ˣʱϵԽãԽ
ڶǱߡ
óһڵӣһ
̴˿ӣЩɵɨһ۰òϣŮˡǼıȷʤ
ǾͶԼɡ
ã³֮գΪ̻ʣΪʥŮ
СԼɹĹâһ
ֻǣƾԼƿغڰ̻Ĵڶô
һУһºܼˡ
Ψһϵӽ֪һеר־ؿǰİ¼ͼѧȥ
ϲֵ+10øж+5ɳɾͣôôɰ

 62 

Ϊάǵǿ, ûȥΪǸϷҲûл, ûóԼΧʲô
ԣʱ䣬Щġ
ڰ̻ûԼж, ĵͿʼ̽ŵ, ûȤ¡
˰º, һˣ
ȫװ, ڲصĺܺõİ, ۾һֿɿˡ
άкܴܻᵱʥŮ, ʱ, һ˵𣿡
ƲһЩĵġϻ, ˼һ仰
ûڰ̻ʥŮʥŮиֹԼ, Ŀνʮ
ȻܼȢ, ǻ˼ǲȢֱʵʵġ
ε, ٿ, ɫڶҲû
̵ʿòһһĺ, ƽʱȾƳ⣬ָ켸ҹҲûܡ
ǿڰ̻ĽģԼϲͺãݹǰʥŮ, ܵεʱɫŮɫ棬ʮַŵĿ
ڰ̻ʥŮУҲûһһרעҵ󲿷֡ͦܵġ
ԣʥŮ꣬ɶţ٣Ҳǹ̻Ǳߺܿڰ̻һԭ
ڴ󲿷˵ʵⲢǼٵ£ĿĻֻܵν
İˡ
Űֻ꣬ǴȻһ䣬λʿͲ𣿡
걳ѹ̻ɾǰһλʿˣڹ̻һļʼ㡣
Ǽ˻ǽ̻ᶼᷴԣԳǸᣬİ˺ڰ̻ᡣ
ʣΪڰʥŮѣ˭֪;ɱô
ɹҭһ£Ǽ˲ͻָ̬˲ʲô
ʱ̫ᣬЩôҪģ簮顣
ıҲڸŮһģǺް취
ЦһĮ³һ䣬άһȻ뿪
ֻǣ뿪϶ǰ뿪
ЩûѪˣûһشάǣ˭֪ˡ
ûϵ˴Ӽ濪ʼ˾Ѿˣʱһİ֮˵ıѣ˶ʧһ˲䡣
رάֿ˵һеˡ
ȻһȴҲ½̻֪Ͼ˵Ըʲô֡
պϾͻƵһôɽ̻ᣬ̻ʵĬҲص㡣
˵ϣıάǣǵʱûˡ
˵Щˣи˼ÿһ򵥡
еľƱһڣסԼЦЦı飬࣬ΪЩȤ
*
άǵıչûеѣ֮ͺڰ֮ڻ಻Ӱ죬žһ̫ͼ
Ѿй֮ĵú󣬶Ժڰ֮ʹҲ졣
Ͼͨġ
ڱչصĵڶʮ죬άǾͲཫգڰ֮óƻܶɱǿѹʢС
άǲûϳȥϵƷһһ赲
ǹȻҪжˡ
ſֵ˵һ飬άҲ⡣
Ҫǰͱ̴˿Ҳô˵ʵڽ̻Ӧýڽ̻ʣʥŮǵĶ֡
ȻֻҪɵ̻ʺάǣڰ̻֮
ЩǿɶǺʶʱģԵı˭졣
Сάǣô
άǵԸǻһ̷Ǿأֱ˵Ľˣⷢ⡣
άĵط۾΢УȻԱ֮ʩ
ûûϵ֪άһʧ
Ժڰ̻Ĵ󲿷ֽͽ˵ͨһ졣
ʹһЩϢڻûõ֤ʵʱ˶ֳʲô
һСģСûˡ
˿̣ڶƽʱ֡ĵطһϷ
ؿڷźĵط⻬ûһ˿˿ڣƫƫкƣڶüԶİⶫܱıһˡ
ԱһŮʬ˫ĿɴңҪģŮʬ۾Ȼһնӿֲ
Įɨڶؿڣ㣬ڻܱ־
ûϵֻҪմⶫ־ʧǳ¡
ڶ֪ʱԼҲǰԲǰνʮľ衣
άǱʲôֶΣ
ڶϧһ˻ȥ
ˣʱ򻹹㣬Ӧû硣
ӦʵһֱϸŴڶ۾һɢʧ񣬾֪Լȵʱڿ쵽ˡ
ΪħҩѾʱĶΪԭϴ󲿷ֶ⣬䷽Ҳʧ
ҪҲΪⶫʵ̫죬մ֮һ˿Ѳˣҩɽ⡣
߻ʧȥ־ʵʲôڣʱֻҪǩǿԼһĿܡ
ԲŽȲ֪ĸá
ǿĶҲȱ㣬ǿߣҪ޷ؽӴⶫҲס
ǿ˲һһĶħҩɢҲҪʱ䣬ȫǿѡ
ڶƽʱʱȵĴĶǾϸģЩˡǴͷһ˿Ź
ܴħҩһַӡ֮ͬټҪǡҲò
ȻСӣӲ滻ĳ˵顣
˭뵽˵һֻʧأ
ֻҪڿڶʱ۾κһط鴥Ƥӡ˲⿪
ڶʲôҲˡ
˻ʲô³˹ˣԸʲô˵ġ
ûάǣ㵹ʵʥŮѡ̴˿Ȳ㡣
˵һ䣬ڶеɳʧѾȫʧȥʶ
ΪԷһûϿڶԱߵһλվ˳
ȥɡ
Сġ
ӵͷǰԸΪ֮˽λʿ⿴òȷӢʹڰ̻ἸˣɴŹʿеġУ
˵߽չһ˳̴˿Ǳ߾ͳ˵⡣
ͰȿȻ˷ͷжһһߣ㶨άǡ
պһ֮գάǻңȻҲûϵʱһжѾǵС
άǼʹ츳ٸҲûãѶ
ҪΪҪ׼һЩƻʵԽ翪չԽãܸһҲס
̴˿ڰʼһЩʥŮĳһ˾ϲ
ǰֻ̫һЩ¶꣬ʵκڰʥŮһ
֨
صŻ򿪣׼õȴû˿
̴˿üһ壬æ鿴һ
˵󲻴ֻɢڵϵһЩ鼮һ۾ͷزˡ
Ͻֹħַ˿ռ䣬Ĵֻһ;ֻΨһ
ڣȴһˡ
άǣȥģ
֪Ϊʲôı̴˿ͷͻȻӿһ󲻰
ǣǲǺʲô
񣺵ʥŮ180/200

 63 

άأ
Ȼԭ, ֻͬʱҲɰٵĿռƾ̴˿ʵȻǷֲġ
ű̴˿𽥽άȴɺܵڿռ۲ı, ̻ǱѾǰкĲɵӣӦûʮ־Ҫǻˡ
⻻̻ʵ
ϧ̻Ҫʵ̫, ûЩЩȨƲҪ, ؼҲǡ
̴˿ƺҪóʲô, άֱӷһڰȥ, һʩСֵЧҲͬħ
ʵǾ񹥻, ʵǿڡͻ, οԼ뿴Ļ, ֱʩ߽Լ
̴˿ʵ˵ʵʹҲȲάǡ
ǰϣû, άҲ˺ڰ֮, ˸ǲһء
־͹ְͱ̴˿͹άǵʵŽҲһ£ϱ̴˿ǰ, ôҲڡ
˭뵽άд, һӣҪ׼Ūѣ
άǼȫʹڰ, ̴˿ˣеĶڵϡ
άǴӴռóһСܣǶʰ𣬽һ¼ʯ
ħʼţһΰĶԻ桰ڰġյ¶ҡ˶άǵİڰ˵Ҫάʱԥˡ
άǣ
ⶫҪ汻̴˿˳Ƶȷʧһ£ǱЦġ
ò˵ƽʱ˵ĸоͦӦҲ۲һʱ䣬ֻ˻˵Ĺϵ
άÿܱ¼ʯ뿪ط澹ȻһСء
άŭʯͷʯͷͻͷһħħҩ
ʧȥһʱ䣬ʱ䳤򿴸˵ʵħҩ
һУǽ˵յĺǵλάǲǱ̴˿ġ
λ
Ҫĳ̴֣˿ǳ£׵ĺڰʥŮϰ
Ѿ¶־塢ŭı̴˿άֱһӡ˦˹ȥĴãٶɡ
ϵڶڵʱÿλʿŰǩԼһûڶĶ䡣
һԵİ¶һǳǳЦݣֻһ룬ͻܣüΧ
ôˣʡ
Цһ̴˿ȻǸ
˵һ䣬һ䣬άǣ֪⡣
̴˿Ѿˣ̻Ҳǡ
ǲǸպãΪʥŮΪ̻ʡ
㻹֪ɣԤ˵㽫ڰ̻Ḳ̣ԴڶŶôġ
ά۾һգüӿռңңԣҲ㡣
뵱̻ʺάǵʥŮȷѾûֱͻںڰ̻ᣬηʽǸɵͷϵλ
û⣬άǺʹڶҲ̸ϽжҪһˣȷ濼һ¡
άǵĻش𣬰ҲֻǵһЦϸǶĿҶûж⣬̴˿ܳɹʥŮʧʥŮʲôòĵġ
ûмʵԻ˵άǣֱӵ˹ؼ㣬ŷ
˵Уڶ˼ѾҵĿܣάǣûиõѡˡ
֣Ƭ½ǵġ
һ̣ϵƴﵽ۷壬ҲλεάչʾҰġ
˵鲻ϲԸ߽࣬һ־Ѫİȫͬء
ĻΪ˽
άǹһЦʥŮ֮λҵġ
³һ䣬ڰ¶ɹʶЦǰάָһ䡣
ǣ̻֮λͿ˭ˡ
ˢ
ӦԾϧƺѾˡ
ΧһƬȫڣάǼվڰУ֪κζȻҲ֪ͨˡ
֮졢򡣡
⼸֣Щɴ۾۵Ĳźͱѵʹࡣ
ԣɨڶһۺһĿԱߵʿ㡢Ȼң
ò˵ӻתͦ죬һӾ뵽еĹؼ㡣
һξӨˮѸۿתƺʱܻ䣬ȴҪ䲻䣬ۡ

Ҳʹ࣬˵ʹġ
ۡʱ˵ģǴڶ̲סЦûõģ֮һܸܵһ
ôǻɱݳģ
Сˡ
һ䣬ڶжŨҵɱ
֮򣬺ڰ̻ӵ֮˵ľǹ̻ʵĹ֮
˼壬ƬռڶѾһ
׾ٵؽҴ˰ıݣݺݲһš
ıȻˣֱܿ˰ˣʵ׵ģ
ҡֻ㡭һڡģѹǣҰ㰡Ը⡭
죡
ͲסָĮ
İԼ޷԰ΣԺܶҲĽȥؼʿԣǡǺǡ
ǹһĨĻȣİҶġ
Ȼ֪ôڶҴҲװ
֮򣬷޽⡣
Ӳȥġ
ֻʱֻ̫ͻȻðһάǣֻһıѣֻ̫֡
ʵһʼĿûʥŮϡ
ڶǸǿƵģʥŮҪܳʱһûһЩȨʥŮǼĴڣһЩԼ
̻ʾͲһˣֻҪܰѴڶŲ̄ڰ̻ġ
һϾͱȹ̻᲻֪˶ٱû˵ҲȷþӶࡣ
һרĸҵŮˡ
ƫһ㣬Ҳ³ڶ϶ŹģֶΡ޷Ǿ
ֻҪһûͲ
̻ʴˣ˴Ӧҵ£ǿǩԼġ
ģۺ絶ǡǰһУ
ڶͷҼȻȻء
Ҫ֪ķѵɲǸСĿڶ֮˷ֹкУΪԼ
ɱŮˣܹЩİ
ڶĶ⿪ˣ֪Ҷµʲô𣿡
һĨȥеļҪҸ֡Ķɹһ
԰˵ǱҪʹĳͷ˫Ŀһƺƴһ
ϧڶ˵⻰ʱԤĶʳָֻôһ㣬˫Ѹʧȥɡ
ټһָͻع˳Ӥ㴿࣬һ룬۾գ˾ȥ
ñһѱڻˤʹࡣ
ڶҲ͸֧֮ȻɢֻصǸ䡣
ǰ԰һʧͼ䣬Ⱳӻ൱¿ʼˡ
ҴڶԼһӣʧȥкڰ֮ҲϾ֮ϰħ似Ŀܡ
ֻںڰ̻ᰵļ¡
ӵıŰ뿪ˣҲóԸֻǲ֪պһ᲻ڽյΪ
ڶһ󣬻һɵģתͷѾ˻Ϸάǡ
άǣϲء
ӣǿʥŮλʽˡ
֧֮ɣҳơ˹İ

 64 

̴˿άǽ˴ڶ, ˳˺ڰ֮ɫıϵǰûʲôԳƵĵط
Դڶֱӱʾǡ׼, ܡáһ¡
άޱ, ȲͬҲ, ֻʾԼڳ, μʽˣôڶù
ô, ֻάԼ֪ˡ
׼άǲϲ, ԺҲϳʥŮжκ׼Ĵͳֻںڰ̻ᡭû㹻ķȨ
̴˿Ϊ˲׼˹̻, ȴͬĵ·, ǰ˼, Ҳʮַ̡
һ, άǸӼᶨҪǿԼһؼҵ, ʺ
*

άǵķ䣬Ű¼ʯ, شЦ, ۽ǻŵ飬һԵάʮ
ʽ󣿵ͦġ
Цֽ꣬¼ʯ˽ȥҲ֪Ҫʲô, Ѿ˸⡣
ǵģڲμʥŮļʽάϾҪΪڰʥŮˡ
Ҫ·Լ, άһöԷƭˣĿǰ֪ҲֻԼ
ֻҪ޼ĺãܶ¶᷽ܶࡣ
ƿжˣ
άԼĵ⣬ŵ֮ǰͰ˹һ棬֪ν̫תԴһչ󣬿˵Ǵľϲ
Щһֱи˹ṩ뷨ò˵˹治֪ôģҪȥǸ磬׵xxˡ
ܶණһ䣬ܷʳüĳҶѾƵ⣬˹ͻѸʧȥȤڴؽһ⡣
Щ꣬Ƽ֮ô˳ķչԹû
Ͼͨƽʵʵ˭ܸǸõǾ˭
ڻָ֮˷֮ţ⴫ٶֻԽԽ졣
άҲҪһ޴ĵ⣬֮
Щ겻֪ôˣһЩƽʱܷϵڴչͽͺڰ̵ͽҲȻһЩ
ǻʱŲԣά֪Ѿ£˽ҲһЩ
άǵĹʥŮʽ֮԰ôҲⷽԭ
տƼ֮ķչٶȣ϶ܿ죬Ѿ̵ʱ򡭡֮սΪпᡣ
ûڰ˶ֻ꣬Ϊ׳ԼһЩ
ΪĲᣬϴӣƼ̡ǰ;Σա
άǺء޵Ѿʮ֮һˡ
ֻҪŬһ£˵ܿܳΪƬ½Ľ̻ˡ
ٵġάάֱӷ˰ۣ½̱ΣⱾһϷһԼҲȷҪʲôʧܶûκӰ졣
ֻԼ
һ΢ĴˣΪͼҲϰ׳һҶп޵Ĺ˾
׬Ǯ˵û˼Ϣ࣬һ˵Ĺ¡
СάʱҲˣɣҸһô뵽˵Ҫʵ辪ϲͽպá
άһ̯ллΰ
ܡֱװ
Цһѧάǵ˫һ̯ϿûʲôǷάһء
ˣң
άλεļ֣ûôģȻûжҿԸά˵һЩСܡ
Ҳá
ά뵽ĳ֪ģҲ˵Ȥʲôܣ
ڰ͹Ȼˣǵڡ
̶һ仰Ϣеడ
άЩƮ㡭Щ
ҡͷȻֵͷڣΪһЩԭڲˡ
ԭʵܼ򵥣ҪϷάָպô˹֮ȻѽƷŵ˸÷ŵĵط
ֻ֣άǻδ˵꣬Ϳ϶ͷ
ԣҵ񣬲˳գεĹߺڰ񡣡
άǱЩ֣˷Ǿᣬ϶ĵİɣ
˺ڰ֮άǵʵȲʱһö񣬶һǹͺڰ߼ʲô
ֱӽ񼣣ǣͨͨſƼ֮ȥԺҾǿƼ֮
ôһ룬̡ͦ
ϧֻõĻ룬ʹõҲܲô򵥣ٻᱻʱܸúܶࡣ
ֱ˵УҿԸάһСȥԼûԼжôá
رڴֻһӰʱ飬Īܺء
غڰڰй
άǴ˼ֻܿںڰУڰڹУ
㺬壬Լʱ
֪ˣлάǲǵôߵˣܸһѾƽʱЩ
֪ˡ
ھάԼȥҡ
ŸлȴάǷսһЩǣծԼһЩ𣿡
һ˱΢ͼծΪծάĪúЦ
󷽻ֱʾȻԡ
ĳ͸۾һϣʮң
ôǲǺܴ󷽣䣬άԼЦˬЦ

ۣάǣҲܿɰ
*
ĺܿ죬ڶĴ̻ȻҪѹһͷ
⼸죬άǵԤѾ½⻹츳ս羭ɫһ족ˡ
ڶֱ˹̻ʺ͹ʥŮμʽ
Ǳ˵άǣ
ڶҲ̫ҡ˰ɣάէʱһӦԼһ˲ٿ᲻ʲô
ãȻԼ뷨ûϵάǾͰܾˡ
ʾǵʥŮΪõڱչУʵûգҵĻʱʱɡ
⻰˵ģǽ̻ʴˣ
άǸĴָ
ÿһ˷ǣάǻĵѯ㡭С飬Ӧòֳʲô󶯾ɣ
޹գգ۾ά˵ʲôأ𣿡
ǡ
ֱάӲ˻ȥŪɳ׾ĳġ
һڵ׽Ƶķۣάǵȵĵڶμʽ
ڰ̻ʥŮ͸ڰ֮͸óƻάҪľչʵ
ʵֶôչʾأ
Ͼʽά˴ȥϾ϶ӮЩû˼ˡ
ԼϴҵǻۣκڰʥŮڰ񵻸Ҫģǡħˡ
ʱһǧžżħɢڰУάǾҪ˵ʹԼǿһУħԽԽ飬ʹʵԽǿ
ǰʥŮûʽԴֺĿǰ߼¼ǾŰʮһš
֪άǻõʲô
Ϊ˵ʱÿڶص˼ɱ޴ϡкڰħάѡ
Ҫһˣסǰ߹
άǣĴǲǶЩ
ڰ̻磬Ȼ˷ѣţš
ֻǣһǧžżħ޵ħˣҪǻɽңǾһǮɽھҪԼ
ΪǮȴֻԶάǱʾҲۣ
úڰֵ+74391ԶתΪڰֵ+7439񣺺ڰ֮䣬ڰ

 65 

̻, λ̣ϴδڶŵ볡ǳֵʱ䲻Ҳ磬㹻עֲ˹̻ᡣ
, , Ҿ֪ǸӾԻڶЦ߽, Ͼ, Կһۣ϶Ҫ˯˰ɣ
һЦѴڶĻ, Ȳϴڶ㡣
ȲʲôڶСۻϴεĴ
ڶмƲƲ, һ˵ģžᡣ
ʱҲʲôִ˼Ǹطʽϡ
ϴξμ˹ʥŮʽ, ν, ΣڶҲλõ췢롣
ȷа峤ͺŮ, ˶ǿġ
⻹һλڶȻ뺯, Ӱǲġ
֮ǵĳ, ص֪ò, ʵҲǹϵǿ
Ȼʺ;, ҳƺһ, ûвμӹκһ̵ʥŮʽ
ά֮ǰڻ֮Ǵ, ڶʾʲôʱҳнȴûв鵽
صĻҳ֣, Ǻڰ̻ʥŮء
λһ֣ͬʱ峤ĹȫŮסˡ
ϾŮòǾ֪ģȻͬĻķ˵ֻҪϵӾûи㲻ֵġ
ڶҲй¶ˮԵ˶Դ̬ͦһֱõĹϵ
Ů£𾴵Ĳ峤ӭǵĵ
ڶŮ̲סаһЦȻոһִʲôɫףֻʽ
ڶҵСʥŮʲôʱҿŮʹڶ죬Ȼлֱˡ
˽쵽λϣڶʱ䣬ܿģλСʥŮɲˡ
ΪڶٿЩʲô˵ͣƺҪһһԵŮ̲סһۡ
ȻһۺĶӣƬķΧ˱仯ʥŮʽֱ񡭡ĳⳡء
վڹ̻λȻһƬӵģȴݺ˴ڶ䡣
ŻδάǶˣǿڰ̻ͽһЩûٳļһн̻ʺʥŮˡ
ҪǡǶ̤鰹ء
ڸ˼ʱ򣬿ռ䣬˲
ҳˡ
ӭҡ
ڶиո˵һ䣬һλصļһʱһ䡣
ӣͦεˣǻ֮Ǳ־
ҳģȷһһĺãⲢôڶжĲ
ģҲڳġ
ҳȻװˣ֮ĪҪʲô
̻ʸ뵽ά֮ǰ˵Ϣҳɹѣа֮
ЩϢҪάǴƾڻ֮ǵЩ̽ӣ϶鲻
ۿӣ̻ͬиֲ²⡣
ֻϣһǺѺõشк
˹Ҳ΢΢ͷʾ⣬˾ðȴҲܿϲʵӣλĻǧ
Ůϲˣ̸䣬һ
ʽʼˡ
̻ͳʽڰ̻ȻûôĶ
ڶǰ˵˼άǵĻпʼƮꡣ
յӾĳάǼѿź鴤ǡ
ӭźɫĻ꣬άһڰ㵽ûһҪ档
ϴιǸάһβ֪᲻Ҳ
ڶҲźɲǸ϶ͷ
ϧڰڶĵ뷨ˣΨһѾεġϲ
ά񣬽Ļ⡣
ۣۡȫҲķӵ¡
άǵĵ޶úܶͬڴͽЩʧ䡣
˵ʥŮô
˵ǹ̵ʥŮǵõôһԵòа
ʱֶ޴ڡ
ǿϣ
άѾһʱǾͻأĻʹĶߣľһᡣ
Ȼ鷢˾ǷˣûΪάǵɢ
գάΪĵ㣬ٱ䰵ԼٶΧӿȥ
һգ۵ʱ䣬Ŀ֮ȫǺڰЩǿ߻ãͨͽһĨڡ
бܷĶڰɣҲǡ
ǣģȫĺڰ硣
ԣ˵ȫĺڰ
άǣΨһĹԴΨһ̫
ĿУֻ
ڰΪᡣ
仰İģİģǣ˶ˡ
ɵٻʱʲô벻ãܼ¼
Ҫģ仰˵άͷʥŮžһ˷ĩ
ʥŮȨ֮һ
ûоţΪһ룬ЩڰͿٻ㼯άͷ۳һɱֶһ޶ڡ
ǣǾڰΪ˼
ⶥû֪
ˣոЩԵȫʧĿƵͷάǣڶֱЦ
һڰΪᣬ
ڳģҲǵһο˾󣬰峤ͺŮֻǳǳЦݣ˹ǱԵһЩóĸˡ
̻ʡҲЦģЦ
ǲĸˣ˶ܲµ
Ϊ˵άѾƽ鶼ˣô죿
ֻ侲ĽһǮڣħˡ
ţһǧħ˾ƾճֲ֣άܣнԶħҲдСȫǾżħˡ
ʥŮˣŪ
ʥŮˣǿʵ

̾ǲһڰ̻ͽֱӿʼάźȻǼڴ
άԼˣˣĸоϸһ룬Ҳûʲô
˫ָ߸߾ڰʥŮרȣдʣȻҾͿȿʼɫĹ⣬ԽԽŨĺڰ֮άۡ
ڡУ
һħʩߵһСĿ飬ͬɱҲˡ
žž
СʱıһſżӲеľżħںɫ£ƬıȻ׷ϡ
µȺ׷һ󻶺˵ҲһСƣľżħҲЩֵģҪϡԣϴĻֵ
Űٶʮš
ڶձĿһ޴ĻͬʱʽһƬĳѡ
άջطȣû̫Ӧȷµĳɹ
ѾҪͣʽͺܸߵˣٱֵĳɫЩڶĻ᲻뷨Ȳۡ
ϾҪȥô̻ˣ
Ŀǰͺڰ̾ԲܴϲսҲϲɱˣԼôһʵ̫ࡣ
Ȼڣسء
άʶͷڣǰĴڶ˹͹̻鵽׵
ֻͷۣݼʱ򣬵ˡ
£Եģ
񡰵ʥŮɣڰ֮᡿

 66 

̻ǵһߵ, ǰά˵˼䲻ʹĿ׻һζʹλֱʧ
浱ȥ
ĺŮ˾Ͳ֮ǰǿ뿪Ǳڶס
Ȼ˹
ڽ̻Щ, ˹άһ뿪, ʲôûʣдŶЩ
رʱԺŮ¶һɫ, ˵ҪʲôʲôȥֱһĿȻ
ڰ̻, Ҫ꣡
άС˰
˹
ά㬿ڣ֮ǰԼҲҴ뿪ﻹӦûʲôټû뵽ôͱˡ
˹һûεĸоάʱ˼, , 𣿡
άҡҡͷ, ڰ̻Щ¼֤˾Ǽ, ڶʵʵ
ڿ˹, žǸһ¶ʿ
û¾ͺãҪĵط, Ҳƴǡ
˹ĻάǴָɹ۾ҲЩƮ
óָ⣬ƫƫ˹һ䶼û, ֻǵʾá
, һʱ䲻, ƺЩʼģ
͡
ĳƺӱ﷢άƫͷڹĳЦݡ
֪ĻΪʲôһŮϷ룬˵, ÿôֵø׾תƵģ
ʵһ˻ĸ鶼ûаɡ
ʲôֿʼˣ˵ãһһֶʧĶ
ʱûٹע˹Ķûеļһȷֵúķע
һ˼˵Ҳһһֶ
ǿİ˹֮ĻǸлɢı仯
Ҳÿʵ˹Ϊһûʲôͻ˹ڵģЩˬ
رǸĵ˫ڳ
ֻίˣίԼûаݲˬ̫Ŀŵرֳֻǿάǡ
ˬˣһеʾɣԼɸոġ
άֱͷһƲת˹ҴȥסɣʲôҪֱӺ˵
˹һ죬֪ܲҹ䰢ŵǣ
⻹ҵһε֮ĳС
˹ô˵ˣάǻô죬ȻǵͷӦʵ԰ŵҲ̫찡
άǺͿ˹˵˵ЦЦǰ棬Сˬˣ
ĪԼЩӣں棬Ų˼֡
·ϵŮУ׵ľ»ɰսȻ˼̸ǰ񽻻˭»˭ǾɰʥŮָϲĸأ
ôʥŮ
˿˹άпմ۾΢Уĳӣ
ʥŮȻʥŮרŵסҲͬڹ̻ĸڰʥŮסһĹķʹˣһӦȫԡصȵȡ
񰲣˿ԡرŮǵ̣һžֱħĹ֭͵ߣжˡ
άù½磬ؿΥϷˣ
գգ۾ոյĻ˲һɨգʮ޹ؿάǣʲôʱô֪
άǾ֪ϣֱӽͷȡ£ʾ⡣
ɺֲֹܵһҲ֪ĸһġ
άǲ㱻Цˣڣһһٵرʾⶥڵת֪λôôӣ
ڰ֮ᣬΪת֮ͺڰ֮Ҳ˵Ժάһ֣һݿԹó
൱ȱ˶һ֮Դ
ںʵãǵ͹ƤʹһãȻҲ֪Ժҿ԰άʡ
άǣˣСĳԼҲȷҲ֤ݡ
ˡάǻӻ֣ôллλˡ
Цִ˴ڣͦÿİɣ
άǵͷڵĲҲ֪ʲôɵģн͸߹д¡
Ҳܾ£⿴ξǴ󲿷ŮԻϲ֡
άҲǸʳ˼̻ˣÿĶ˵ʵȻҲϲġ
ĵͦߵġּĳһ䡣
ǾʹţЦһҲǰһǸʷģ
άǵıȴסˣţ
ÿ춥ȥǰԼŮ
άǵı̫һѾ˲˻ָۣһڷɵάͷϣȵСʲôʮֺʡ
άǺżСƢҲûȡڣϰһ䣬ңҽҫ
ٲȻһ߹󽾰Ĺ
ŮĻ
ۡЦǿЦһ䣬ҵĵ¡
£άҲ̲סЦˡ
Ҫǽǣ⹬ﶼܻ˵Ц
ˣάջȡڣСԼһΣΪպúʡ
һ룬ͦϲƷģ֮ǰڵڣòᡭһŮģϲްɣ
ôһ룬Щ񺮰
*
ڶ磬άڼ˴ڶҲ£ѯάˡ
άûԹ̻һ˵һţֱӰҲ˵
Ǻڰ˶֪ؼʱϴóڰ̻λƶȣάǿֱ׳ôشɶñࡣ
ڶؿάһۣάҲµؿ˻ȥʥŮʹҲ¡
Ȼһ󣬴ڶͻЦƱû£Ҳһʡ
ţڶͻϣƺոֻһʣ̽άǵĵߡ
άǣ֪ں͹ǰ˵𣿡
һЩ󣬴ڶڽ⡣
άǵͷĿǰͽΧȷ涼󡣡
ԣʱҲѵõĺƽڡ
ڶԼ°ͣǰΪʵʤһάǺǸʥŮȿܻһߡ
Ͼλά츳Ҳǳģϰ࣬ЩҪʱȥģڶô
ǣѵõƾС˵仰ʱ۾עάǵģƺڹ۲ʲôӦ
ϧάƽ
Ǹϲսӣ˵ĮҪǱ˲⣬ֵļʲߡ
ڶжϣһ˵ܾ׼жϡ
ά츳ʵһ㣬ڶҲνϲԸάǣúùУ͵ļ
ڣȴҪԸʥŮ
ҪһԹ̻Щͳ޵ʥŮܴͽȥս
Ҫ֪ǸԤԷųάںڰͽеĵλ
һսһάһء
ԼѾ£˺Ͱ壬ЩҲڰ׼š
ֻάһ⡣
ֱȽϺأ
Ǹļһ
֮·ɶ5/100.

 67 

ŵ, ϡ
άм䣬ұǿ˹, λŮλ
һ˿νǺƺ, Ͻ֡
ð, ϶άĵ², ҪǲȥŮ˼Щ, ЩΣЩӡ
˵ΪʲôҪĺ֣
˹ŶҲһҸطʳɣ
άǿ߶˵ļһ, ֻԼȿڣȻһŮʹ˸
Ůϵǰάǣˣŵǵġ
ֹһάǵͷŮ˵ķȥ, ߻߰ѸոŮĻɫһٽ
ҲûԹǼҵ, ˵һҵ֮ͦʱλҵĿ⡭
˹ҲϲǼҵĿ⣬ʱ򻹶άҳ˵ζ
ʱ, ʲôʱȻʱάǿܶ࿾⣬ǵһμҲڿǰ
άЦʱԼܹ̻ʳĥԵһζĿֱжӭᡣ
ȥԣҲصʱľˡڰ̻һѪ⼸ʳըҲθ˲١
˹ĻֻʱĺܿĸооͲһˡ
άǺͿ˹һĶԻά¶˴۵Цݡ
Ҫά֪뷨϶ǴԩȻʵ֪
ԾͿͻȻҲǣҪάǣӦˡ
άǣ
źûʲô⣬Ī⣬š⣿
˹ͬصͷԣάǣҵġ
͹ˡ
Ͻ֮ǰϿĶô
кûд
ԾϷϷ֮ͰдⱾļһֵ͡
ûõˣõù
ŮƼȻŵǳ˽̻ʳõĵط
άһ̤ʱһ¥ĺܶʳ˳ƾͿһۣ֪˲ǣûж࿴
ϾڰŵǣǻֳᷢһѪ
άǶʱڶ뿪ŵ˰ɣº󣬿˹˳ʵ
⡭
һȷǣʥŮûսʱ̫뿪̻ᣬάǣ
ֲܺͿ˹˵Լֻģɵһ䣬Ӧðɡ
Ȼ鵽һݵЦһ¾ǡֻ֪ûˣǲǻ顱Ƶġ
ΪάܴôСԲôණ
֮ҲҪЩı䣬ȥӦûᾭŵǡ
˹ǺȻؽȥʹ֪άûô򵥣ʲôҲ˵άĬĬɨβ͡
άǵͷʱպõĲ˵ǳҲͲô⣬յǺгܶࡣ
ֱ
һӴĽϴ
άûѡЩħᣬ˲ϼˡһӾ˾
ˣծ쾭壡
ܣܣҸ㣬ЩײĶ㵽ͷϡ
˳Ŵ⿴ȥһ۾ܿһ׼ڡǿŮ
ǸһֲڵȴڸǲסŮӣάǹһζЦ漴ƫͷλʿ
ܳȥطɣ
պüҲԵĲˣ˹һ仰ûʣȫͷ
һ˳ȥʱպõ֣߳ŮӿʼѰΧ˴ڿ֣ЩŮӺÿֱӺ˼ۡ
ƫƫôôöץס͵ŮӣлһֱͨӹڡĽűߡ
ϧķӦͺܸЦˡ
ֱһԾŮʲô׶ħޣԶ㣬Ҫൽҵ·
ʵϣΪĿ죬Ůһ½Ƕû
ŮӹҲ˳˹뿪ڣάֱһȥͱԭء
ά߽ŮӣھԼһ׵ĵطͣ£ӸµĺŮ˫Ŀӡ
Ůӱˮ۾ãάޱؿڣ˭ģʲôĿģ
Ůһ𣬾Ȼһֿʼشάǣ˹о˽Ů֮ǰС͵
ϸĻشǸо֪άǵò󲿷ˣٵȷ̫һ
Ȼ֪άǽţܱܲϴȡ
ӵԼģ˵ʥŮǴгţԱҲдš
Լˣ;Ů˿϶Ըʱֵ̫飬͹ⳡϷ
ΧΧۿֵһάǾʥŮʱͱˡ
֮ǰǳʽŵǵȫȥۿˣֻ̫Զάǵòû뵽
û˸ǰάǣеӵĶ֪ԣĬǱ֮
ǡάһɨΧͻȻϷһɫȻѸ󱬡
ΪмʧάУһ룬ء
ߵӰţֻ¶һͷƵάǰС
λ𣿡
άЦݺϣȴмˡ
ʥŮˣʲôһλͲӻ׵ȿڣҺúõڷоħȴͻȻץʹʥŮҲ̣
ôϴɫ³ʵȴάһָסˡ
ںڰ̻ᵱôĴ̣ʵĿãɻǺ޷֮ıάôСץ
ֱǡеܴͬʱҲ˻⣬ôġ
³𣿡άƵؽֱ󣬡ϷĿ𣿡
Ҳ²£λ˹оɣ
һʵӣٶ⼷һţԱŮӣӴŮĸ׹ײ١
ԶԶԣʥŮˣҴˣҴˣûܺҵ¾͡
æıάǳؿˣʲôû˹оԶ졣
Ӧ˵뽲Ҳˡ
άǽ߹ˣй壬̼˾ȵȣէһûʲôϵ
άǼȻЩôӵץ˹Ȼû´»Сôô
Ҫǲ㣬˻ΪԼ۸أ
ЩǺ֪Ҳ˵ˣʲôҪƱģȥ˵ɡ
ά˵΢΢ͷ˰УȻڶӰǰ
μ̻ʣ
˷׷¹򣬿ɼڶЩжأֺûп߸ĿĿһۣǳά¶ǸһЦ
һᴦģǴʥŮĺ£ǱǸ
̻ˣҲû˼Ͼڰ̻ôһЩĪΪԼжҪʵɡǺǡ
仰άǵĳֱ֣Ϳ˹̲סǡ
̻̽άǣЩҲ̽ԼʥŮ
ǸԤԸǵջ̫󣬴󵽺ܶѾȲҪзһ
ϧ˶͹άǵʵӣ߸Цļһֿڶζı顣
άǰһһɿֲѹȻ֣ڶҲܲס˰벽˵ˣͿ˹ⶼ׷ſڵɪɪ
Ҫάǿѹڳģų˶µ屬ѡ
Դˣڶıڱˣʵ𾪣
ǣ
ѵάǡѾˣ
ڰֵ򣬿񡰺ڰ֮䡱ɶ60/100.

 68 

˵ĺ, һʮᡣ
άںڰ̻˶ãСҲʵûġ
죬ýһ
ҼȻԤ֮, һЩҲĵ£ĺΪѰ
ͷԶάͷ, ʥŮרҲʵʵά࣬Կ̶̼죬߿Ӿ˼ߵĬ
˵Ⱥϲά, Ȳ˴һ
ϵѹѾ, ֮ǰһ˲仹Ǹ˼ӡ, ֱĸо̫˿־塣
ȫά, ѲʱС΢ģΪзȨ۾һգҲգĶάǡ
֪Ŭ, ôһˣÿ˯ʱȴСʱ
Ҳǳе¡
ǱĬĸı䣬һڱ
ڶӰüά, ˱һոպõľ룬ά, һᴦЩ£㡭
̻ʴˣάԵķάǵתֱֱָڶƢãһ¡
߸ˣһĴ, ҲֱӸһ𸴡
ʱ䣬ƬϽй̻ᣡ

Щû̧ͷͬĵһشÿ˶С
ʥŮ˸ոյĻ
ܶͿ̻᲻ˣôһ졭
ٵͷĴѾʼǷǣǸƯʦ˾ǣ
ڰ̻ᣬһȴ˽ص̻ᡣ
άնĻôڶıӷḻǼƲ
άǵʵаˮƽ߼а֮˵Ļȷǿڡ
ͨ˿ܲװĺ壬ŷḻ伮ĺڰ̻ᣬȻ˺ܶ಻Ϊ֪Ķ
ΪȨ޵ĴڶҲ֪ĶĶ࣬ԶĲ˵갬˹ƾһ֮ƽϢ½սѹڰ̡
ʲô
ʵ
ҪûȨ֮ĺҲ֪ʲô³ʧ٣Ƭ½ʲôģĲ˵
ǴڶԼʵڰ̻бعܽǰ壬ûҵǸͻƵĹؼ㡣
һԲǰҲ˺һλذɡ
άᣬʵ
ߣǸ˺ڰ֮ڸ
ôɣڶȴֱֳһ֣ʧԭء
άҲŴڶ˺ڰ̻Ľá
Ϳ˹һۺʧԭأһòŸС̧ͷ鿴ܵĺڰͽ
ֹ˺ܾãȺάǵĻչδʱòͨϢ뿪Ⱥ
ȥ棬ڰʥŮƲڽ̻ᡣ
ʵư˺ڰ̻ʡ

ƣѿʼ
ڣ֪ڶǲǰ峡ˣټĽھάǺʹڶˣԵʮֿտ
άǣǱѡеĺӣȻģǣվŵǧڰ񡣡
ڶ֪Դάǵ̬ѾƽߵˮƽϣȻķơҲʶʱ֮ˡ
ںڰ̻ᣬά࣬ÿ˶ݷڣҪ̫Ųϱͨ
ڶûȵϽ̻ʿ¾˲֪ĵط
άת׵ĺڰԵķȲ֪˻ȥ
̻ʣϣףû㱣֤֤ʲô
ڴͥڣ˵£άǵĻҲ˲٣ڰ̻ʵΪֻҪʵˣ㡭Ҳǲġ
ڶ۾Ȼɴ󣬼󲻸ŵؿЦһСˣԲ򵥡
⻰ﲻ֪漸ּ٣ά֪ôĽ̻ʣڶ򵥣Ǵġ
Ҽ򲻼򵥣жϣ򵥵ںڰ̻Ҳȥɡ
˵仰ʱά˼һȻֱȥ
ԱЩͽ϶Ѿǳ⣬ڶ֪ûӦ뿴άҪʲôʲôҲû˵
ֻ˸ߴ°ڣάʰ

ܱյĽв֪Ĵһ磬ɴάϣĺڷԾƮ𣬸ôڶȵǣڰȻ˵ĺڹ⣬ƺڻӦάǵʺ
ڶصһǵЦЩǿȻƫء
ʹðľٶûŭӦάǡ
ֻҪƫάǵ᲻֪
ڲʲôֻҪһͷǾάĵʯ
İأЩͽЩʰ
һߵάǼܲ׼ڶ߰˷ĵ뷨
Ȩ磬ǿģϵģرǹڰλǵϲöͽ˵ʥּ
ԶΥʥּ
άǾȱһܴƣ֪λѾ䣬ոԼҲһԡ
ƹλľֻһ񣬻жλ
ԼڴʱԼ˺ڰƺ¶񼣣˶ԼϲʵϡǼٵġ
ΪȫԳ֮Ϊ
ǡͷ
Ҫǣάȷ˹С
Ͼ˵Ǿ䡰غڰڰй˵һӦ̵ı־Խ
ȷϲάҪ˼·ֵܳĵطˡ
̻ʴˣʲô˵ģװһXάǶٸˬ˶͸żС
ڶʲô˵ģ˵P
άͻһ֣ļƻȫңƫƫܶʼٸʲôֱ롭
ǣ󣬹ĲڣЩҲǲ̡
άǵĻҲȫţʵգʹڰΪһ롭
ϲȨƣһеǰᶼԼźúõ¡
ҵȻܿʥŮ뷨Ϊ̻ʣʲôɿ˵ȥ
ڶŵ̬ʥŮҪĵطһҡ
ͽ̻ʵĶԻڡáĻнˣάȷˣþԵʵסһˡ
һжʱģҲûôù̻Ǳ߻ʲôɣºڰ̻ڲ¶ƽ˶á
ûϵҪľʱƽһ֮ڻнʮ£߾ȫʮҵ񣬻Ҳá
ȻȻص˹ʥأЩ¾鷳ˡ
ֻҪҵһС
άǣͻȻ֪ð˳˽ƣĸ״ϢҪң
ĸףޣڣոֿռ似ܣȥȥ֡
ֻǱ任ӣû䡣
һͷ˳Ѫϵʱ򿴵ĵ̡
άǵܿ˲ͻᱻ֣ϾеĹʥŮڱչصġ
סĸףάü⣬뿪ԽԶԽá
㣬λĸ״ô궼ûһۣ˭뵽˵ˡ
ʱĸ˵ĳʲôɶС
ԲܺάǴһ
ҲάǵܾԲĸ֪ӡ°ά˶ⲻס졣
ûĸףǸͷβİ֮ޣ츳֪˶
ҪǱάǵܣһᱻեһֵġ
Ӷûá
һ룬Ӱʧڰŵǣ֪ȥ
ףҵأһ֪ԵŮͻȻոջġ
άǣסˡ
֮·ɽ10/100

 69 

ûԼĸ׵, άȴܴӱĵط֪λ֡
ݣϡеģܽһֻĴѪޡ
άǰ, ĸһλʮ㣬òǶʮ꣬ʮֳ, ˵Եìȴںһ
С, ӵ, İ˶ŵ𣿡
һ£ƺоԾˣⲻǹʥصĵ, ܵȥˣ
ٸӦһ, ôһôԶˣ
άǹ, Ȼǧ, ȴɵ
ͻȻԱߵ, ½Ҳû, Ҫɱ練, ʲôɻŵģ
Ļشµؿάǣڷ, ķ, ͨ˲̫һò
һһӦ⼸ܡ𡱵ĺڰʥŮ
ܵ۲ˣ
ǸʥŮģ
, ڰʥŮŵͦ˳۵, ݲ֪ΪĳϲκάǶ10ĳʼøжȡ
ҲǴ˵УһԵ
, СĻеðɣҴˡ
ԶٴûмάǵദҲ뵽ʥŮͺڰʥŮͬһˡ
ֻΪǹ̽Ϣģûϣ֪ӦӵĻظٹġ
ⶫ͵ˡ
һӱάǣûǰѾʧˡ
άǸսӵһ͸оµĴвԡ
ӣǳǵ
ʹ˫ϸħĤܸܵǹɺ䣬Բͨʣݾʲô
άϢ򿪺ӣĿһС龧Ө͸Ķ
ѽҸˡ
Ѹٴγ֣άѾ򿪺ӣҲûҸյֵ֮ʯҪҪҿԱ˵㡣
ոĲЩһһ˳־ôˡ
ݳֵڶλάǾͷְĸףƺе㴫˵еġߡͷϣغ㣬ֱʣǮ
ոʲôԵһ𣿡
ݣһֱñ˵ڰʥŮȤˡ
žǵһԵõģʲô˾Ҫôʣһʲôǿߡ
԰Լĸ׵˽Ҳ࣬Ժ֪ԼĸڼάǵһһԼǲġ
ⶫͦģҵûʲôãɣʮϡÿıʯһңһٿžżħ޵ħˣҾͰˡ
ôһʲƸ൱һвȫҲݽСӹҼһ򵥡
޲Ҳų̽ޣǵ츳ܸɺܶ¡
֮ǰ츳ܵ㻹ûòֱάǴŶߣȻҲһֻ׵
ʱûǮάǮ
У
λȻ̳ǰʥŮж̴˿ַʽߵģ˵ͦǮ
ҡ֮ʯⶫ̻ᶼûУ֪Ǵģ˵
ԣЩһ¡
ά׹ȥһָһɨ֪ʲôСﵹˬ죬Ҳ
ոݵĻʵ©ģϡÿıʯʲôĲŽϡÿ
ǶѾżħˣҪ֪ͬȼħ˺ħ֮ҲвģҪԼһ㣬ֵܶࡣ
άǸĶƷҲݶĺøһ㡣
ֻľ˵֣һʲôԼֻҪؾܿ壬άȻݵϲ
һûʥŮڿҪϲĶࡣ
Ҳˣֱһӳȥ
άǣҪԼúĵĽࣿô֪Լôܳӭ
лǰĿޡάô죬ȻǺúá족
ݳάֵСģһЦ̫Ȥˣɣûʲô֪£֪ԻشŶ
άһ㶣ʹǲǶϲ췽ʽҪ˲ԣһģһ
άҲû룬˼һ󣬡֪ǰ֪ʲôطڰ֮ʮŨ
ڰ֮Ũĵطֵ°ϣЩҶ֪ҾͲ˵ˣ룬յ۹Ŀɭһ£µ׵ǲ֪Ϊʲôڰ֮ŨΪбģʲôûС
кԱߵĴѹǣǧߵĵطҲǡ

治Ǽʶޣһ˵άҲ֪ĵطһӾ߸
˵꣬գգۣ㲻ȥЩطҶûʲôöġ
ΪάҪһЩڰϣݺѵҪȱʲôҵ㱨꣬ҿûС
ά΢ЦҡҡͷллĿֻҪһԼΪ˲Ʊ
˵ţһˮάǵݵǰ˵ô࣬ˮӦõġ
Ҳûеάˮʲôֽţںꡣ
аɣ֪ˣҾͲˣп졣
Ҳά˵ʲôֱʧǰһۼû¡
뵽˵죬άü𣬿ɱˣһ´ͻȻպÿദ
һв궿ˡ
ת뿪۵׷ɿһ˿˲ʧ١
ո쳣һҲûзֻ֣ӦŰλãŵȻʲô
ҪѪ뵽ӣݵԸƻһۣϾֵȼħ˵Ǻ̵ܶʱ䵥λʱ˯ͼȥˡ
ߵάȻ֪кӡ
ʯͷҲңȴûκãֻ˵ˡ
硭άǡ
ϴǼѾȥ꣬СάһѵĺۼûС
ϵ˺ʵ̫̫¹һֱָСά͹֮ûһ˿Ҫѵĸо
ƫƫϵĶ̫̫٣̻ȷмÿһص㱦ʹҲȡá
ڿݴ֮ʯһ̣Ǿϲģûԥͬ˽
⺮ǵĶάȴûеһʱ佫ǾС
֣̫ˡ
ĵƺڸﲻԾƺʲô˵¡
Ϊֵǵıõ̫𣿿ݺԩ޳ҲûҪɡ
ȵȣԩ޳ȴҪ²ûϹ
Լ˴Ǹֱӵж˼ôݡ
̻Ǳ߲˽ֻ㵽˺ڰ̻ͷϣ֪ǡ
һڰһЩ£񼸼µӣǹԲ⡣
ܽɻľһˣԣһ
ŮЩ£άķţΪĬϵݣ˵סܽ
ȻѾߣǰûκζרڵά
ֻǵά߽ʱݺݵش˸磬ӣʲôó
άǣ
ҿû⣿ĳ˵⣬ֱ⡣
ӱ򿪣֮ʯ棬κ
ȴؿⶫһۣߣˡ
ҿһĶͶģϿߡ
Ĺȥ

 70 

Ȼ˵, ҲȷԼάȴƽһЩ
ֱӴŵ£Ȼ̧ͷáǲǷᡱάǡ
ά¶˿Ž׵ֺһЦٶԱߵӿ, 㲻ⶫ𣿡

һڸڿ, Ҫ˵϶˵ԼΥϷ, Ҫ˵Ҫǣ̫࣬Ǻ뽲
˵ʵ, û뵽άǻᷢĲԾ, ΪԸԼ֪̫ġ
´ͷβʵûʲô⣬ǸݵԸҲȷǻµ˵ġ
ԣߺάûеһʱ佫ʯͷǾ, ʱ, һ˲ãȻ
ϼǲܳ֡
һֱΪάǲֻϷʵš
Ƕάڵ飬ѡҡͷ, Ϸ, Բ䣡
˵ɡ
ֺάǾͰոյ齲һ飬Ȼͷ΢΢򿿽ͱ鶼˵, ˡ

ûеһʱ˵, ʼĬ
άҲûдŴ۾һգգض, һ㲻˵Ҿһֱļơ
֮ǰҺ˵иһλҰļɢû֮ǰ˳͸Щ¾ġ
ǸΪ塣
ôһβͣЪĻһԼٽ꣬άǻһ¡
ȻԶλϾ䣬֮ǰ̯ơʱȷ˵иһڰ
ʱάǻ²˹ȵȵǲҲǸһģΪԭûеõ֤ʵ
ڿҲӿ϶Ǹһйˡ
˵ǸһΪһΪҵλݵң
ά仰Щƿڣˣ´ЩԸؿڵС
ԣǸһҲ֪ҵһ飿
һ鱻άǼľԼ֮ꡢʥŮ¡
ҲĿǰάܡ
üͷ֪ǼǸһȷά֮ݣ˽⣬Ҳȷܲ³һЩ
ԣá֮ʯ
Ȼܲϣǵ˵ǸһӦ˽Լˡ
Ͼһ̳֡ģ⸽ϷҲǸһŪϲϵġ
ԣͨԸҴӶŪ㣿
ǣĿҡ
Ҫǰһǰά˵ЩʱĳϦദ֮ǰİ̯ƣҲ𲽸ıάǵ̬Ⱥ뷨
Щıʱǲģĳһ̻عͷʱͻᾪط֣ԭѾô仯
֮ʯǳʲô⣿ʹԼǱ۵ģάҲûһüͷǺ侲һ⡣
֪òÿάһ䡣
ʵ֮ʯ͸ǼһһСƬƬСС
άǽŽǾƬõ׳󣬹ؼʱܸɺܶ¡
ƬСϾҲǽԼĴڣԷһ㣬Ȩ˭Ļ治˵
ǰʹ֪Щ£ҲֻᱧſϷעһеķ
ǼһҲ׼Լ뷨ԲЩ޿֣˽ԼʤĻᣬȴ˱ʵĲ
άûԼ֮ǰʱ뷨ǣάǵʱ򻹻壬ɲܱȾˣҪȻʱԻġ
ǴάǷŽȥ֮ǰֽŽƬģֻ֮ǰάˡ
ŵʱЩӦȻֱӱԼǲҲ˵άǵȷҲʧ˽ġ
⡭ѵϷ̫Ϸˣ
벻ֻͨȷһ߸άƬ£Լʲôʲô뷨Ͳ˵ˣеġ
һôϲһЩ˼£
ǲв
ĪԼһЩڵӣҪǷģҾͰƬˣʯͷܼá
άûаգգۣûа취ǸһоԼıɹˣʵʡ㶮ġ
üë΢άǡЦݣ¶һζı顣
Ȼеġ
СάǣԽԽˣ
*
ˣһƣ
֪Լĸ׺ά֮䷢Ĳº󣬰ըëˣ
ҵǲ̣
ĺӣ
û˵Ҫʲô̬ôôã

䶼ǵòĸίӵĿߣάҲְʹƽʱһʵǺĸĸԼµİɣ
˲Щ۵άǱֻûèӵİԺһúð㡣
عˡ
彩סβͽסӺҲסˣոǸõ˭
ЩĵĻ˵ģ
ΰɣһΰɣ
ƫƫʱάǻڰο룬ʵҲĸˣҪ㲻⡭
㣬죡
Ｗɼĵı
άǴҲ㣬ô͵Цö֪ȴ˻⡣
ˣոջô۵ӣʲô
Ҳոյ£æάǵĻ⣬ûʲôֻǱǸŮȥ˺üطá
ǵģûʲô⣬ǺرʾȻѾˣ͸ѧᡰ¸ֶΡ
Ȼ͸˰кöĵط涨ʱûݵĻڽ̰֮ڶ
άǣĸ׻Ǻܰģ㿴ȥĻڰȻСצһӣһԵϳСɽһһѶ
㿴ûҪģҪߡ
һ̵İԵܲøԲèۣάֲë޿صļһﶼ̲סһͷ
һƴڻֹȥάҲ˽ȥİš
һ뿪ŵǣȥ½ط
Ļѡǵһվȥյ۹
յ۹һڹڰӴĹңںڰ̻ᣬʷҲüġ
ҵԻ治˵ڶҲǱһֻ۱һֻ۵̬ȣžΪŵķΧҵ˲ҡ
֪ܶ鼮ֵȵȶ԰յ۹۹ϢŨ
Ȼάѡ﴿Ϊյ۹ΧڵĿɭ֣˵вڰ֮ĵط
Ⱜ˹պҲȥǿټһ棬ڰ̻ʱסǰտԳΪһݵ㡣
֮һѣάǾҪԼǿͺͷˡ
ƻͦõģ;ǳһС⣬˹ϵرʾҲάȥʶǩ˼ᱳάǵԼ
űǿԼ飬ܵˬעӣάַĳ嶯ͷҵô
գάǻǺʹڶ˵˼һһ뿪˰ŵǡ
ǶݾͽСӡϣ֮ۡ
һλһλ֮ǳһλʥŮһλ޵ĻѪħޡ
½ʷǿͽСӰɣ
ϲֵ+5

 71 

յ۹, ճǡ
ά̧ͷ۸ߴĳţֱóͽ˵ӵݸſڵ
Էִֿһۺ΢Цؽ֤άǣŮʿӭǰ, ϣܵõİ顣
άֻ, ڷ, ͷɸβȻҲǸС, СάǾɲԶˣԣƫ˧ˡ
ллףάӹӣָһ, Ȼһõ, 
άǣллл
·е⧲ⰢƽʱĻ綼
ЩεάҲûͿ˹ͬʱ˼ģ, Ҳ֪ǲͬĶ
ûʲô, ټͿ˹һڽ˳ڡ
Ӹոڳ, άʵŵǹ޵Ļ㣬ڽˣȻͿǵʻ
Ҽһ, ؽ̶˸ʽֲ, ߽·ֲá
·߻вʫ, ɤŶ˵ʫ䣬һ˵࣬һʵķΧ, һֱǸҶɷ
άǲ֪ѾЦݣﵹͦõġ
Ϳ˹ûӻǰͷһάǻĴЦתͷ廰ǣǰտõĵط˶ߣСǶǵһɣһҪ漸졣
άЦŵͷãһҲ飬óǵͨĲά֮ǰ˹ǣ֮һоȲ
ǰһΣάǾ͵һŲùݣҪ䷿άǽ£˱ʾҪȥһˣһˣԼɡ
˵ת뿪
Ϳ˹һۣһԲԻԼķ䣬°ĵش˸ǷȻǴ쵽ˡ
*
˹ڰҲԼķӣλʮƫƧϾϲϲϲ˽ӴѡסַһҪԶȺ
άķλҵһɭɭСׯ԰ٽڴŵһ۴һŻ򿪡
ʾӭάԭصķ
Щ꣬ķ֮Ѿ̵ĸ꣬˹ҲͷֵЩⲻ硱뷨άǡ
װģȻûеȶãķһֻеħϷɿ쳯άǱĺÿ졣
ʹάǻòƾǷķһӾȷݡ
ⲻķ𣿡ά֣ķֱӴħޱԾ˳ֱɵһ·άǵļϣһƨ£ֻСȻλƵġ
Ĳɣ뷨ڱչء
ûϵ֮ǰܶණѾĺˣҲǴɹǻڰմһʱ䡣
ۣá
άǵķͷֻСżǻۣһԼ
갬˹ʱ֪ʲôķɸƵĻ飬Ȼ԰˹ӣܼʮ겻һŶС
װģ⼸ҿԸһ𣿡ķĻеЩ˼ƺάǾܾ
԰άǺˬشӦֻķҪ󡣡
˹ǩϸԼķġסֱ֮صġ
ЩҲ֪أȴ̽Ѱάǵݣ˹ֶںķȻҲǡ
Ҳ˿˹ٶһķҲûʲô⡣
ķһάǴӦˣ˵شһߣԵģϱ䣡
ֻ˵䣬ķɫʹˣͶһȦֻǿšһżˡ
УȻ˹ڱչأҲȥˣķߣ
ڹ˼ҵұۣάûκθС
ĴŻϣİ˹źȦص۾У˿֪غʲôϲڵ
άǣ㿴ǸǸߵϣķ˷ܵСָһߣ֪żƮ۵ûע⡣
ʵǰ˹լֲϲ֣ѾþûôˣάԸֱķ˷ܵ侲
Ҳǻˣһһп˹ǸŵļһҲڡ
ԣҪȥǣʱҲ࣬ǵ»һȥԷ
ŶŶŶ֪պóԵģȻܳԣ˹ҲϲЩķֶȤȥ˽
ǵʱ鷳ķ·ˡ

˵䣬ùݵˡ
֮ǰùǰΧˣң󲿷ֻŮӣ顰֡ؿù棬ƫƫֲȥ
ùݾһţάҲڴֱʧֻ߽ȺûнȥĿӡ
ά˿ˡ
˵ڿҡ
찡άЦˡ

ϤϤĻΪҲȦ˵ά˲ֻصǰĴ
Ѿܶû׷ǳˡ
ɡ׷ǣֹط
۳ﶼûп϶άѾֱӴͿ˹ԼʱȺͻȻˢˢÿһպùһͨС
СɰǣҪҪһĵġ
õģάˣ
ȻһһͷɫӴĸҲƾرһĨִһ˿оЦȷէһ˵ʱ
ϧάЩ۽̫࣬߶ǷͨŮͶֶˡ
Ժ˼Щ뿪ٽȥά·ǰЩŮһֱˣˡ
һҽУΧһŮӽһŤۿҪˤ˲ϼţάǲòǰ
ĲԼҲʲô⡣
һƵӰ§άȽס󵹵ŮӲٴ뿪һξ룬ٷʲô⡣
á
ҽĿ⣬˿άǵĶǵķӦȻȲάǣֻ鷢
Ȼ󡭡̲ס˵仰
ȷڵάĮ͸һִĪļһ
û°ɣ
ûû¡
Ůû£άǽһѷ뿪Ҳ˵ʲôʹùݡ
ˣлл
ŮŷӦæлСάǸϣһ䡰ͷûأš
λŮʿлİȻҿҪˡ
λάȴסάǣͷɫһ۾ϵؿάǣ˸м
лά΢΢ͷǰûֱ¥ʧС
Ȼά˵ʲô˵ˡ
⵹Ȥˡ
Щ껹ǵһôŮӣҪ֪ʹĹẦһ¡
ˣƽ
뿪άһͻȻĲע⣬סҲôõˣ
ҪǱά֪ƾһİۣ뷨׵ӲΣ
վڰķ֮䣬ӭŰĺؽķЩĻ
֮ǰðŶǽطģСһȷû棬Ҳôɣ
Ա߸ӦάǻˡֻЦ
֮·ɽ20/100

 72 

㰲ð, άϢƬ̺߼ſķбŰڵĸһ̳š
Ŷ, ˳ֻͳҲһһվš
ķ˵ǰһҡ
С㣡
ȵȣ
άǷӦڽԼ, һתͷ, ͿĨе
С, ոյһûúлл, ӦҪȥԷİɣպҶﻹȽ죬ԡ
ˣ֮͡άǴǰЩµ˵ĻԱѾ۹Щü
ʲʲôάЩάǵĻش𣬡С㣬ǲ֪˭𣿡
ȫά޲ġ
ϵ, ķҲάҵ֯, λʶ, ҡ
ǱŮ¡дģ
άĻû˵ͱ, պά˼ԣλҲҵĶߣһСһˡЩ˵ܡеŮȵ, ֪Щ
άһ˲ЩԾˣЩȻû־֪ʲôŮ¡
άǾԼڵһǴ˵п̬
ܵάͻȻЦˣᡱؿά, Ŭɡ
Ĩ޵ɱƺֻάܵӲ壬Ҳ˵ͿǰջЦݣŮ뿪
áÿֲˣҪ뿪⣡
Ե޹ʲô
õ꣬άǲźʵôôûܵյı仯ûʱ˹嶼˲˷Ӧʱܳˡ
д飬˷ҵʱ䣬һ𣿡
ҪάǺ˲ⷽάľǱϰƼʲô⼸á
Ҳ˭֪߰һöûеķϻʱϷߵùһ
ײˣֻССһʲô
οոջôĵάǣУֻŻ
ѷۻزȣ
άû뵽ͨһСӣ̲סЦһ˺ˣһ޹ؽҪ˰ˣֵ
漴һԵĿ˹Ҳɵɣûʲô˲˺ҡ
ûһ״̬һֱܽάǶЩЩˡ
һǲʡġ
ĸҡͷ
ոǸǲά̣ƫƫʱķһάǱԼĿˮǺ
һҲ̫ûˡ
ǣֻǮûط
͡ǻеİмάε̾˿
Щüӵĸ׵ΰˣ治˸¡
ãûٷʲô£һ˳궫ķǿʼճǡ
ԼҲûΣﵹúܣҲ˲ٹΡ
԰Ϊά˵ҪάֲǸһȻһֱСάһġ
ķĻشάǵϣСżĲһ˼ϸ嵽磬˼ֱЩ
ķ̫ɰˣҪҲôһͺˣû˵ҪķϾҲ԰˹ķ֮ǲܸġ
Ŭһ£ķҲҪСã

һԵͿ˹άõЦݣɨϵż
ȷܴԭάϲ
֪ı˶һЩֻ֪żܳҲȷɺϣ⻹һСƬл꣬±һܸԡ
֪ƬлˣƺŮģԭάǸϲ
صùݣǸάûǵˣ˾ۼάǵķ䡣
ȻάóһŸոİչ۹ͼָǴԼָһƬɭ˵ǿɭ֣ΣԲߣֹߵȼħҲż
仰ҪǱ϶ᳰЦһάͲ󣬿Сżħ޶Ծ󲿷˵Ĵڣܽһӡ
άȷǡΣԲߡʹֻһ˶¾żħޣοڻͿ˹
ˣ˵ʵһһû⡣
Ȼֻٵӣάǲܸɳ¡
ɭǰһ𣬼˰ɭ֣һѹȣףأһ˲ȥ
ͼϵָάǵĻƶҴ㣬⡢⡢Ҷȥ̽һ顣
˹ûάҪʲôҲûĿֱ꣬ӵͷ˵Լ뷨ǿԷͷжӿЧʡ
άȴҡҡͷҪԼȥ̽飬ʵǲȥģһ˾Ϳˡ
С
Ҫ
Ϳ˹ͬʱܾάǵ顣
ĵģҪȥ˵ʲôġ
˹֪㲻Ҫ˱ϣԼΪЩ¡
άǣ
Ȼ֪ΪʲôһԼ˵ĸоɶһʲôʱô˵ˣ
ǣ̽ɭֱ˼ڴ֮ǰȥ˰ճǵͽ˹ᡣ
άǵĻ˵ǷҪȥˣҵֲעĿ׬㻨Ǯ
ѽˣ
ֻǸᣬάǾһŮ󡭡Լ
ֻһŮСܵǰάⲻ֮ǰһѵǸŮ
ڵ·ڹṤ
Ůܸмάǵİǿͨˡר
磺ˣ񲻺ǸǷβСС
򵥣ľղԱаֲǸֵǮյ߽С

ǣŮ£άǽӵ˺üԼ۱ȼߵ񣬶һõŮһЩڲڿɭֵϡ
νǳֵġһ
άŮػ뿪˹ᣬлһŮСʳ
άǡ
ķװ
Ϊ˵άǣ
*
ҹѾʴׯ԰СƵάͻȻһ漴㯣еľƱ䵽ԡУСˮ
㣬ôһϲϲһˣ
ƽƽɤ·͸˵ĴڸУȴάĲĻش⡣
Կǲرעһˡ
ȷͦעάǣҲֻΪάԼĿǰΨһȤˡ
һܵ˺˻ȥ
ǿ϶ģάǿŵģ˭˺Ǵ
˶һʾûʾἵʲģ
άģȻܰϱˣرǿ˹ȱʧû˸ļһ

άһ˵һʮκάˣҲ벻ˡ
˫Ŀƺ͸һɡҲˡĸо
ĵصһһۣһöûУⱲŮϡ
ȥάһ⣬һƭһ˺ܶ£һ˻ϲǸ𣿡
άᣬȻûɵģäĿģֻҪˣǲܿƵġ
һ˻ĻشˣʧƬռ䡣
άҲתѣܵЩ˵ˮæԡأ֣˯𣿡
ûж룬ֻΪԼԭ
һߵõ𰸵֪ά˵ָһˣάǡͲ˲һ
˭ҲֹĻؼ·
ջĽֵ+1ɳɾͣŮͨɱ

 73 

ɭ֡
άõغ, һٶȹҲӵ顣
һµĻķذ˹ǣάǾͰ, Ͼȥɭ, ;ᷢʲôҲ֪ҪǲСķܵ˺, ԲԭԼ
ԣھάǡͿ˹ڳǵһĿȥ
Ϊǰ¸վһԭֱڻŵһɽζƬƬľ˵š
ⳡԭֻ֪ʱյ۹˹λ߼ˮϵħʦ, һһҹⳡ
ֻ, Ϊⳡ𣬿ɭҲ˴룬Ҫָû˹Ԥ֪Ҫꡣ
ϾԼҵ֪ɭ, ˵һֱټľϵħʦ, Ȳ˾ͻᵽ, άǰҪ㲻١
Ϊԭ, ʱ, ɭֵ˲࣬ΧżһЩԽߣԽǰ
Ծ
˹üڵʵѾǰ񣬼ϼǧʱĻ, ʵάǻҪʤһ
άǵͷ̫ˡҲ㣬һֱ̽Χ
Ǹոձչɭ֣Ҳ̫ˣûУҪ֪ЩСźǿġ
ڻɭ֣ΧҲûи߼ħ޵ϢͺۼôȻԾ
ԡ˾ɲ²⣬ֱ̽
ά̧֣漴ٳֵ״һһεɿ쳯ɢȥ
Ϣ·ոֻ˸˹ûгǾصš
һӣӣӡ
ķӺά˵ˣûκڣֻǺЩôڵˡҲɭ̽յˡ
ոմԸӦʱάǾϸ̽淢ΪģɢһڶûκθеĻϢ
Զάǻ̽ɹһЩԾ
ǳͨĻ𣬿𡣡άٴ˵
֮£ﲻ
ΪʥŮɭʱȻûиܵҪϸ̽һ˿²⡣
Ϊ¶̫̫٣һĹؿܶ࣬һ˲֪ܡ
ֱάԽ̽飬Խܷĸٹ̡
ɭйŹ֡
άǲǰ岻֪ĹŹ֣ɴɧңûйϢֻһͨɭֻ
ĻҲѹֶü¹ȥˣûѼ㹻ľϵʦ
ȱĲľϵʦǹ̼ϵĹͽֻǵĹ֮ܳɲȴ
ȻҪȻɢҲҪʮ꣬ڼƬɭֿ³ʲôҲл
ڵİյ۹ںڰ̻ǹԼҲȥȹ̻ᡣ
ά֮ǰҲģûᵽ£пܾǹڰ̻ᶼû˵
ֻһͨɭֻҲȷ˽̻߲ע⡣
жڱݡάǺܿóۡ
һҲȺˮϵħʦģ˵ֻһǡõʱ䣬ⳡҪˡ
˹άǶһֱۣӵϥڵϣֽĽһ̽ȥ
Ƭ̺󣬿˹ջ֣һռΧħ´ݾߣû롣
˹ٿħһŵͼʾάǸ̽鵽ĶĴŷΧһǧ׵ӡ
ǸΣյ磬кܶ಻֪ħޣвǿħ˯ʱϲڸȻȥ
ҪǲСľŵǣ϶֪Ǽôֲ顣
̽ص±̽Ҫѵöࡣ
˹˵ҪħԱߣһ򵥣˵ܰѶ˾Ͳ򵥡
˶ŵͼţʱԵЩˣǿάǼۣûзӦֿΧ·һӵüһ
ҿȥ̽һ¡
жԼ
ռпܾ鷨ʦɵġ
ԣҲûС

һһ䣬˵άǺͿ˹ĽŲҲûͣ£𽥾Ϳ˿˹˵Ǹ㡣
֮ǰŨȵȷЩǲԡ
ȥ㵽ʱӦάǲȿ˹˵ʲôһ˲˾ʧڵ棬Ѿȥ
˹ϱĮɢϢһҲûѵζ
պãҲûҪĵ˼
Ƭռܿ찲վǣȴ˿оκϢ·
һߵάȵ˴Լصǧ׵ӣΧŷ֣һЩ
ܸܵ¶Ѿȫ԰һͨ˿
ֱ߲ԶҽٲԶһֻܻҽһĻħϡ
άָһ֡
ոʧһʲƲܲһһ㣬˵Ҫʱ䣬ȷԺúѹһ
Ҫ
άǲÿ˹˲պͽӦ⣬һҪԭԼʹù֮
Ŀǣǹ֮
رάĹ֮
ǧףһƬڰ
ǧףһֻ˯ħޣСıܿ
һǧףѾܸܵԶŨֻǱʲôţѲ˷һƵ˷ϲȥ
άٿףǾ޴ĿնͳǰһŻҰɫڿն뷢Ũҵܶɱǿħһ
˹Ҳòȥ
Щ˵ǺģҲá
άЩ꿴ħ鼮Բ٣ܶ໹̵Ĺ±أɼʹﻹһûϳ
ȻȥͿ˹һ
άնһȦÿһϸںһ˲Ѿǰ
Ȼȥе㸴ӡ
һεĽάһ˺ܿصùݡ
ӭŰķɻһӣصµĳһһظǰ
һɣⶫֹһ
ά˿ʱԼĲ²˵˳
һ򵥣ͬģʵռʲô
һôΣյķʩ˰õ֣˵κ֪ӵܡ
Ϊʲôֻһ
ǣ漰̫ˡ
˹άǵ֮⣬ľãȻǸլģ֪Ķȷ٣û´ǡ
顣
˵Ĺܾռȫʱǳɹ֮ա
͵飬ãƻ
һŶȥ˵ճǣյ۹һƬҽ
Ļάǵһʱ뵽Լϸɱ޴ĺwu
Ҳ˹̻һЩܷ䣬ֻһʱûжӦ
ˣȷ֮ͼı󣬶Ҽкüĵط
ֻǲ֪Ǳ֮мų͵飬ƻѾܾá
ֻӵĶ֮ͳƷƷѱԽ񼣻ôڣ
άĽ֣˵仰ʱǿģǶǰˣʱڰλѾ
ǣҲǼԵأ
Ĺȥ30/100.

 74 

֪ǲΪбڵԭ, ˵ϢܴĻͱտڲԡ
ά֪ʱٶʲôҲûãֱתͷͿ˹ЩΧӵħ
ûʲô취ڱֲ֤Ļ֮˵°ȡ
ȻάǾͻʹԼʥŮȨҸǡ, ܽȫҳ١
, һһһСС©п֮˵ı
ʱͶӣǼʮ, Բ
ķ֪
άǲʶҲס˿˹ⷽԲ, ﲻ̫æ
˿˼ʱķĻ˲άǡ˹ͰĿ⼯еϡ
ķҲţ濴Ļ, Բָָһط, ǻĸ󡣡
, ĸͻиӦ, ħǹ, ĸ˶зӦҪħ󣬵һҪľ
ά۾һգ, ˫־ķķ
֪ʲô취Խħ𣿡
άûķô֪, ˹ϲƫŵĶ, Ҳʲôʱķˡ
ļɱȴ󲿷˶öˡ
ķԲԴ˺˵, ķǵˣάǶԲ𡣡
еˣ˺˵
άǵߣҰ˹ȥ
²Ĳ˹ί˷һˣһչؼһݴ
ʱû죬˹ׯ԰ôΪ˹ûģά鷳ҲûǸ
Լķׯ԰棬߰ưģ飬Ǽıչҡ

˹ȻڱչʱҲԤ˽µĽװá
ţάǵ²Ҫ£˿ܻûϵ˲̫ãһͺˡ
ķĻάЩƽķöͷķСԴķɰ
˵䣬ͬʱҲһְֻǸ壬һ̶˲
άǾվſھȴԼʮӣ¶
ҴŻ򿪣һͷͷ㲵İ˹һ˫άǺķ
ǣн顣ɭдŭ󣬻Сֹ޵
ķ¡
ֱӴάǻ˹ϣˢˢļ򣬡ˣά㣬Ҫ£
ʮӺ󣬽Լɾİ˹άǶ棬֪ǲΪԼԵʣûٴۡ
ô꣬άҲڿòǡһ
˹ӦòСȴʮ꣬ſɰӤʡ
رһ˯߲ӣƤƤش¼ƣһꡣ
άûչЩһλ֣Ѷûֱָħʵ˹֪ôڲκ˵Ƶ𣿡
˹Ƥһ̧дνҪ£
ҪǶǸܶЩʮֿĵάǣ˹ֱӰ˸ȥ
ˣˮ
ķóˮûиĻеǱ˵ֺõĸо
˽Ⱜ˹ķ๾һˮȥ󣬰˹˹⣬ƺһ״̬гˡ
ħҵ꿴ҲǲΪûȤûȥо
ڵ߸ķȥø㡣
˵仰˹ͺľֱɣ۾΢У˼״̬
άȻûõѴ𰸣Ҳ֮ǰͷҪãķ
ķѾάǻӻСԲ֣άǵȵȣ
һ·Сܺܿʧǰ
ߣϲ㡣
ѡˣάҲͷְ˹ʼʱǸģֻ졣
ȻǶԵõͬ˲еĴ
޹ʿһЩĸ
Ǹ̫ܣµĽչܳɹħ᲻Ӳġ
ǰڷȷʲôõħߣħʦϡ٣ħֹͨƽò
òܶ¾ͲһֱһֱΪ±ܶȻҲû˼£뵽
ôħʦλһֱȹ̣Ҫԭ
˹̫Դһ۵ĵơȵȶһơ
ħҪԾûôߣ൱ڱħʦ͹ĵλ
һᴦ㲻Ҫġάǵʳָ棬ǵԼģֻҪͺá
˹˵΢յûһ˿㣬ǣ֮ǰǵð뷨ĸңҪ˷ˡ
ά΢ЦģҲġ
ֱŤĹģά롣
άǣάǣʱķҲѲбõ֡
άǽӹ˼ҳȻǲбĸļֻȼ仰ƳҲֻͬһ仰
ҵռ㣬֮
ռ㣬ʣ񰲺˵
ãⱾȽҰɣл
άˣķҪһ𣿡
˹Ҳ֪᲻չأάǻͦϲķȥӦûæµʱ˲
ҡһ˰ɡķԥһ»ѡ˰˹άǣæ˼ǵķ
һ
άǵӰܿʧׯ԰״̬İ˹ƺҲع۾ֱֱӱԵζ˫ŵķôϲ
ķһάǲһһ
ƿһĻ˹ˡ
ϲķҲΪķֻһż
ķĻð˹һɡ
ķϲ
ĵطɨɾȻûħ˳ԡ
ķԴħˡ
˹뵽Լоܳɹ˵ķҲܰħ˵ԼֻҪ⡣
*
㣿
˵еĿռ䶼һ㣬ҵ⴩κοռ䡣
ʹĸףڴռĻҵߡû㡱ĳ̶ȡ
˽֣ĿռѾȴ󲿷˶ǿɺͰһȻв࣬ĸһȣһξ롣
ݶҲ㣬һʱʲôͻƣ
²ܷŲܣ
άһüӣʼΪʲôһҪԼʥŮ
Ȼ֪λôģǿ϶ǳˡ
һ񲻾ˣ
˵׾ٵ°ɣ
Ļάһʱ֮䲻֪ʲôӦȷڰ˵ģ֪
ϴΰ˹ĻҲҲû
ңάǾԼҪԸȥһҲ͸¶ʲô
ǣάǵĵһ˵
´ô죿һֱģԼ
һð
ȽϼǶ֪ʲôʱͻΪǿѵҪ˷ʱ
άǵȥôЩʵҲάǲһϸͽ
ڣĵһӦԼȥܵ
뷨ڰЩִˣнݾΪʲôߣάǣάǵľ
ľһ䣬άǣЩĲ𣿡
ﰲĺøжȣ80/100

 75 

һӰάסˡ
Щ
ۣ
ŷܶĿҲûôԽܵ, ûеһʱ뵽һֱûϰ⡣
ҲΪһ仰ģҪġ
һ, Լ᲻Ͳ
᲻µһӦǿԼ
᲻ĳһܾԼԹޣ
άϲʥˣֻͨ˵Ҳͨ˵, , ǿԼһ
ʵ˵, Ҳܵ˺ı֡
ʵûа취, Ҿȥάջش˰, ܿԼ, ϾⲻԼ¡
¹ز֪, ¡
ŵüڶë£һ죬άûϢ, һֱڷǱмü˼µĽ취
ûдά, ת, ڰ뿪ȥʱ, Ǹס
ĸҲ֪ȥ
һ仰ð˲ըë, , ˭
ڶˡ
ȥĸ׵ûкκάҲ֪ȴһԵ, ⡭ͨ
ΪάǶ˺εӣҲһֱԼ˵ĲԾ
ڣĺӲˡ
ȴûпľ裬һѾĺ⣬ȻԼ޷óĿռ֮òˡ
ˣСһﰲ㣬㲻άǣŰԼķ䣬漴ϡ
󱳣ʲô˼
ЦˣôţҶûж⡣
һѰͷǼһһܿգֱӸֻ붫
Ǽһﲻ֪άǣôƫƫ⼸ֳζ
뷨Ӳɢ䲻ϣͬ⣡
֪İ취
Ҫܿص֮ǰĻϡ
ûеͷҲûҡͷĿЩ翵ؿԱߣάǾڸڡ
ûҲ֪ġ
仰󣬵ûȰڳֽ˵ȥ
˵ȥĸ׺֪һϢ
ֻҪͬʱǵһĸټעܲ׽ν㡣
Ļðһ㶣˵ļ򵥣
ƺһ仰£˵ͬʱҪķѵͲǸСĿҪһ
һѵΪԼҵĺӣôھô
ԣԼĺҲڣ
ĳûбգֱһѾסĺ⣬ֻҪ˵Уܲάǵ¡
ң̫СάˣԶԶ󡣡
㻹ûشҵ⣬һĻţ
һôϱԭͣһôûӵؾסֱ̫ܽܡ
㣬ҵģΨһİ취˳ȥνǹӲŵһѺ֣źûȫء
ƽصİй߰ţһ뵽Աߵάǣֺ޺޵طצӡ
ļһ
ôץòϣǼһǰԼһܵѹƵĸоƺ˵ʲôС
ոǸƻİ취ĵ׾ȻҲžӶࡣ
ʲô
ѵǸ񣿲Ȼôָо
ƵػλͷԱһת»صάǵķ䡣
ħģǸ󷨣ͼƽ⣬ϧȫʧˡ

ȫͶάǿһԾԼǰŷ·ĳ״̬лعȥôˣ𣿡
ά̫ѨλãһĴһֱתУͻȻѳ͸ܵһµܸС
˼ȦǹܸоͺϺֻܶ࣬ǡǰģ󡭡
ƺôһ˿⣬ȴûץסָоϵĲʸܡ
ιҸոȥˡӵάǶİ΢һ
צάǵֱۣĿתԼϡ

άһ㶣ȥݣ֪ģ㡭
Ļû˵꣬ʱˣˣϻҲ˵ˣݸһӡ
ķӸάǡ
֯һ
ά仰ͨһһεάϻкü
᱾͸ʥŮҲõ˽͸ģһһڣϡ
ʥŮıߵĽ̻ʶиӦԼõûϵ
ӣôΪԼġ
ά濴۰µģûкάǶϡ
ãԡ
ά˾ϣ˲̧ͷЦŰԵͷûµģһҶһЩµġ
˺ҵġ
仰ðˣͷʲôʱʼ
άȴۿ˹ķ䷽򣬡ﲻ㣬Ҫ˰һ
˹άǵʱȻһڴӦάķûʣһ˵ʲôҾʲôӡ
һάҲš
Ǵɻ󿪵ţһ۾Ϳάѹѹķ
άͷҽȴԾ΢΢ԭشתתлл
ۡ
ǵһμά飬һʱЩ̲סĳ˼߳ŭܿѱס
ѽĵ׺ܿô£
𣿡
άط˸ۣǣõѡ
漴͸ܵԼͷ϶˵ϷЩǷúŬֻǷĵһ¡
άǣ
Ļشת뿪
*
ɭĳ
˹ͰվάΪ
ηסάǵΧ绹һƬȫάǵӡ
漰ܣһ˾ͶһΣգάǲðա
ȷ׼׵񣬻۾һһάǰҸ԰ڰ׹ͺڹС
ܶʥŮȻ̿϶иӦֻѡ
άǵһͬʱʹùͺڰ֮һΣ⣬ʧˡ
֮ˣû˺ڰ֮
ڶΣڰ֮ˡ
Σߡˡ
ĴΣΣΡ
άǵɫѲҰףҪķѵСĿοȻͬ
İͿ˹άһֱûжҲǵ
ڣֻܵȡ
ڷڵڿһ飬ϵһʡ
ֻҲͣһҳþˡ
˺ܶʧܵάûټԣǴͣеĶ
֮ǰһڿУôԣ޷˳Ƴ
ǹһЩǺڰһЩ
ԣķԣڵľ޷ﵽƽ⣬һʧȫ߱
ֲİ취һ취
Ŀһһףάǵ۾ƺҲɫ
޷ƽ⣬ǡȫںأ
Ǻڰǹ˵ױʻһְ
ˢ
ά˫͸˵⣬һС̫ͼ
ڰڣ˿̣ƺĳϵ
ͨ޷У𣬹밵ľͬʱ֣вæ鿴
ǣƾô鿴һƬ
ڣĳһ̣ά˫͵غʮײ
¡
ס
ۡ
άǡһѪ
֡棬ⷶΧ޷⣡

 76 

ʲô, أ
֪죬ϵ£

, һǳ׵Ļңһͽʮׯϵʱʧ˷ִ硣
һб仹Ҫ׷ݵ
ǴԺ󣬹ڰͬʱ䡣
֮жһлꡣ
֮ǵҲϲŭ޳
, һΣˡ
ֻ, ûϵ, ͻȻʧˡ
ֱģ, ·ոһֻĴ
ǻ࿴˼, ۵׶ǻɢȥʹʧȻֹ, ʹʲôشĵȷȷˡ
ֻǲ֪ѡ
δ֪Ķ, Ϊ¡
ڿɭĳУͿ˹ɿ춶һºػԭһһ޶һۣջǾٵȵȡ
Ȼһάǣ¡
ڵάڵӿǲôеҡ
δɵѪҰ׵ɫ޴·۶ЩѸ˵һͷڷ, һӡ
άǵȴǹ˷ܣһۿɼϲá
̧˫֣ٻɿ, иںھһͨƷһʧȥ֮ǰɲ
άֻ֪ʱģʱǾָܻԼ
άǸԼʩһħ˷ۣɾ󣬽ʧ
άǣ
Ϳ˹ͬʱǰ˵άϣû°ɣ
צάǵļֱ۵ȣʲô˲չ¶
άǺЦִŸжر𰲣˹Һܺãǰδеĺá
ѾǸ취ֱȥڵذɣаܲɫȡ
άǵĻðͷģǿ
˹Ȼûѻ˵ȴźͰһĵǡ
άǣҰɣʲôʱ򲻹ԼİΣˡ
ܶʱ򡣡
άǣûˡ
Ҫάһ֮ǰһǧµĿնУǿδ͵黹ھҵҵ
ޱؿնĴĿ֮ģĿֺڰ֮ģͬʱʱάǷɿǰһ̽
һ룬ջأѾһŻҰɫӣħȺ룬ѾһԴԴϵмӿȥ
ֻϧûգЩֻųһ
ʱҲܺܶôʱˣڵֻʱ顣
ҲǱ֮˵ע
ǸʹʥŮȨʱˡ
һ죬̻ͺڰ̻ʴڶͬʱյԼʥŮܴš
ݣԽüͷԽ
ž
µ˷ĩɼ˵ķŭ
ȫϡ
һĸ£עⰲȫҵϢ
ûãάּͬʱյλ̻ʵĴš
иԼҲʹܶණõ޶ȵıܡ
άҪľǵȣ̽ĵطҳһ򾡡
ڱ֮ˡŵԼ¶˿š
ң뵽˵ļԵ
άǴĪԤУλ֮ˣǸһֱڸµļһ
ǼһԽԽ࡭ܻס
*
صùʱѾҹάǺͿ˹İĶͷϴһ¾ĳС
ȥû룬άǵĺͱþƳԿжôۡ
άѾ˯һԾķ䣬Ȼûʲô
βֱͣ
Сһҹ˯ĸʲô
ѱү
һαߵطԼΪĿռһҲɲóֻ͵ħһһצӣͼӵĳˡ
Ļ˵žͷţΪû׼°ֻڵϷȦס塣
˵ûˣӴʧ
±ʵһӾʧȻ
գһһ֮ǰһһϣһԣĿԣ
Ҳʲôˣ
ȿڣǣҸ㣬㲻Ҫάǵ⣬ⱲӶһ𣡡
⻰üëһﵭĲ䣬ֱʵΪʲôҵʵ˵ʵǳǵòҲԶˡ
仰ŵģͷһֱϰϲ䣬Ϊάǲϲ㣬𣿡
˵󰲻һ䣬ܿóάǸЩͨŮӣ԰⡣
仰漴ſӣ֪ôͻȻЩ䡣
ŶϵЦݻԭĻȣϧžôֲϡ
ϻͦġ
۵ǱȺҪ̵ĮҲһ޵ɱ˲伤˰ķӦ𱳡
ǡЦһôС˭ǰ˵Щ
צųУǿĵ׵Ŀ־壬̫ΣˣҪȥάǣ
ľ̫̫ΣգάȻܸܺܶ࣬ܵůһǳõࡣ

ϹǷźݻģ͹һԼһʼʹ˱λ
뽩֣˫ۿŰҲʾô
ãڳˣɣάǵϣҲƽϡ
ɴèۣ뷴仰ħֱڻΪ
ĺΣա
ʧķ䣬Ҳûȥϼװ˯ԣάһֱ
˼⣬Ҳ˵һ⡣
ԼʲôҪʲô
ȻһҹҲ֪𰸡
ֻ֪άǣġ
*
һά˯һһҹʱֻǰδеˬӻ塣
άǣˣ
Ĵеʵ
ά˸ͷĸλã

ǿܸ߳УȥԶ
άز˲䣬ҲҷӴ
ʵ첻Ҳû⣬ҡõǷάҲһֻ̤µµı仯
ƾʮʮ첻ԶԼҲô
ǿе˱İֻܷſԼһûһĺά¡
Ȼȥ¿϶ǲ˵ġ
Լ˰Сʱά߳ţȥ˿˹
ݰ˵˹ȥˣ֮ǰڹģΪͻûȥǼ
άǶЩ˼
ò˼ҲСһԱЩ˵ҲС¡
˹İԽԽУ仰˵ԽԽһˡ
ֻҪԼϲĵ¾ͺá۵˵ᣬ˹ϲάΪһŬӣϲԶǰζ뵽ԼܵõĶ
˹ҡάЩ˵Ļˣ˹ƺ֪Ҫ˵ʲô
ҾҪػ֮ǣЩҪԴ
仰һάҲ˵ʲôȥеæǼһǰضں顣
һֱܱ
ɲάҪԭ򣬼Ȼôϲˣıı
ϲֵ+5ע⣺ϲֵ߻ᴥ¼

 77 

˹˵, ڶ뿪ˡ
ֻʣάǡһΪмάǵĴڣദĵҲг

ķ䣬άȰ, ֻʣά, ոǾ仰ڻشάǵ顣
, ǸһǣΪʲôв뷴ɣǾͻ, ֻǵʱͻȻ־ͺˡ
ά˵⻰ʱǴŽ, ƺļƻǼһԸ
⵹¡
ô˳ʵ
άȴʳָڴ߱һĶҵܣܸ㡣
ȤŨ, ðɣάҪʲô𣿡
δ֪ĶʱҲͦȤġ
šάǻͷǸһ, ˵˵¡
˵˼ҰôΣάȴǸһʲôֶ֪
·άǵ˼, ڵһǣԼȡܶ, ·Үͻ˹ȵȡ
, ӦǽУ롣
άǵսˣǰϤʱ˲̫Ĳ²⣬һ, ļ˲ӵųɾš
ǻһ֮ǰһƽ磬򡭡
Ҳ̫ഩԽ˰ɣӵƽӻá
ȻҲпĳúá
άȻϱֳͷʾԼ֪ˡ
Ȼȥ˰ɣ㱿Ҳ
ǰϲĶܶ࣬ڿ¶ˡ
ͦǳģȻ˵ʵţҲϲ˷ľ

άǿֱֵܺӣͣ˿еĻ
˵ʲô
άƮһ£ǶǸˣĺѣ
ġѣ
άһЦûлر⣬жϷʽҸףˣɡ
ôһ룬еİ
άǣ㻹ϲƽ˵𾪵Ļ
ף
ʲô˵ĴʣѹָոλʱôǿҵϤС
֪ԼûвԸݵİЩ
άǱΪǺѵĲ²ڿǳ˵㡣
άǷģҿɶûʲôøУҲʲôġ
άޱصͷǰϾ˼ҴĲɢǵ˵Ļء
СάǻҪעŶʹֻʣл꣬ʵֱӶʤ㲻ߡ
ս컨壬һǰ룬֮ȴҪһߣΪһߣԶʤ
ɲˡ
ϾҲǵôĹڰ֮񰡡
ά֮ǰյںǰѾ˵ģ֮ȡΪ֮
ȫգʵԶԶЩġ
ҲСκˡ
һѾѵοǸôµĴɣ˵ʵ˼ҵӾ;Բ˵ġ̫
Դ˸ɫʡ
԰һЩԼЩ¼۲쵽ݣάѾ˳
СϸڸάǣһЩլеϰߺͨ
ļƻҲԽһʵʩˡ
ھͿ硱ǲġЩжˡ
*
˵𣿡
Ǹ
ǰǸ˵᲻ģ

½ֻҪлڵĵط¶˵ϢЩ
ͻȻĳһĳһ̣½ߴطͻȻðͨý˾ܿһ߲ʵ״塣
˴ԼһӣȻмǿǾʹзɿܳһĻȣ֪䵽ȥ
ܿ죬һϢ½ȥ
߿ʵǴ½ԴΪԭ򣬴½𣬱ԴûѹƾͳûӴ˳
ռ߿ǣմ½ȴ½Ϊ½֮
ϢʱǻȻģŵġ
ͽŹǺڰģȥԼ
ȻûκλӦûһӦ
ŵ˾½ĳˡ
ǣҪһ
Щֻͨ˵뷨ӲжĻЩ
̻ᡢڰ̻ᡭ
ϢģλԲС
ߣҲ
Ҫǻ߷ݱԴȥˣѾɳͽȥռ֪ⷽʶ
ʱ߹ڵĵطǱ෽Χ½һӽ
άǵĿƼ̶һ˲СǰСԵþûôҪˡ
ͬˣ
һУһСùݣٴλòάǺŰˮаһѶš
ϢûãάǾյ˹ͺڰλ̻ʵϢɶȥ¡
άǵĴʽ
ǿӲغͺڰ̻ʱʾԼȥ£ù
Թֻ̻̬ȣʾȻѾԵ顣
˶֪ʥŮڱչأǷͷжһһڰҲЧʸߡ
֪ǲǱάǵȰˣͬĽ飬Ǿù⿿άһˣЩ»Щģԡ
ͬˣֹֻ˵ҪЭҡ
Թ̻ʣάǱֳĻƣ̻ʲһҲ
ϺڰʥŮĳ֣¸Ӳһ档
ֻǡ뵽¾ҪˣάǾ;Щͷۡ
ɱ¶šάص㾯һ°
Ļðɺ棬˭
غǶ˹صãǶ˹Ļֻ˵Ǹˡ
ԴάǱȷΪΨһʥŮѡ˺Ƕ˹ĵλҲ֮˲١
Ȼ̵ȼһ̵λÿճǲѡ
ˣҰġǻۡʶϳˣЩάҲһֱάһõĹϵ
˿Ƕ˹һģ˾Ǵ˵е湲ͬ塣
̻Ƕ˹ͰعӱϿƺͰ֣ϾάԼ¡
ǣֺγһֲġ
λߣ˵Զڸϣάǵĵӣǹ̻Ľ̻ʣǵĸǹʥŮάˡ
ǸСӡ
ĵüΪ˹˺þõǶ˹ȻİǣҲϲ
˵̫õĺȻ˳֣һסп
죬Ҳ
Ƕ˹̬ȣҲͻأ˰ﻹһˡ
ά۾һյ㡭
˸ĵƣֻǱάôһҪһС䣬ͷİɡ
άǣǺܷġ
ôغǶ˹Ĳֹͣĺܿ졣
ڶ죬СԼõĳطάǾͼ˱任òǶ˹Ͱء
άǴˣþò
Ƕ˹òʹٱ䣬ҲǺͰȫͬϲ
þáλ
һֱΪڱչصʥŮû뵽ǰòŵ֪ϢǶ˹һ⡣
֪άǡԲ򵥡
ҲԼʵҰĵѻ顣
øж30/100.

 78 

ȻҲά, ֻһͽˣǾ͵ǰҰɣҪ¶ʲô
ǡǶ˹ͰӦ
άü, ҵ, Ҫд, ҲҪĹ
Ƕ˹ȷӦ, ֪ˣάǡ
Ȼزŵͷס
ֽһЩºάǲŴ˻صԼסСõ, ͬʱܸǡ
μȻֳʲôĵط, ͨ, 򼸸ʶˡ
άǻǶ˹Ͱȥطͽ˹עһ֤, ҲΪһͽˣһҲһϵݡ
в˶ȥʥǣľǷѹȱϵǸϢһ죬ȥǿô
ȻǵͷӦã֪, άٲȻеϴ󣬾ᷴľ
Ȼ, ܴ÷
ҹάǵķ䡣
˿̳Լ, һӰǰء
Ƕ˹·ʹǷ֪ûбչص£һش֪
̻ʶҲԸ, ֻ㰲žС
ʥʱʮƽ쳣֮ǰڰʥŮλµһʱۣ֮Ҳûʲôˡ

Űϸάǵͷأʱô
أʱѧһ
ŶҲάǴӴóһӶأʱǲǷʲô㲻̫ء
ʻðһ㶣漴ҲЩӲԣ
άҡͷԣʶôˣ㿪һܸоġ
ضԴҲ֪Ǹ˻Σûʲô¡룬Ǹôһ𰸡
άȴûоʹ˷ŹֱһԽ棬Ŀԣ㲻˵
Ͱؿ˵Ǵ΢Ҳǹѵģ˵ѿܻǳЩˡ
ϣ۸
û֪ѡΪԼʿ󣬺ܶʵǲġ
°ΪͶСЩСͱѡγĹͽ˵ǵһȣڰĶļһ
άǲǿгͷǰҲ԰ʲô䱩ϵһЩһܡ
ֻԼ㣬õʥظ˵ϲȻźۼðرֳԼʵƷԣЩķڷ
⼸ҲշǰʿţΪʲôֻ᲻ģ
ҴӦ£һģֻҪʱ䡣
άֻ뵽ԭ򣬰صҲ½ܶͨ˼ҵҺܶûаʵҲ൱ڰ
άһֱǵԼ԰˵Ļ磬ҪôȨ͹壬ǰŬ˾͸Ҹֵ
ţ֪һֱŬصᣬ֪ⲻ飬ԼҲͰάǵá
ǣԲô࣬ȴʲôæҲﲻϣࡣ
صĻά֢ģķӦȴͷһЦذҺܶܶ࣬ΪأҿԷȥܶ顣
˵仰˵Щذ£պãһҪ㣬Բ
Ȼܾܰάǣһ¡
˰أάϵЦʧ֪Ƣ㣬ʹɱҲָҰ𣿡
ǡȡᡢ˹
⼸һֳһӰȻǴűǶ˹
һҲûбץĺºΣòسά˵һ䣬Ϻá
ǡ
άЦһûмκǶ˹ȴһ屻ȫһܶڵҲ񱻷ӡһ㣬ȫܲڡ
ǡάڵʵ
Ƕ˹۵һ⣬ȴʹ첻ܺˡ
ҡҡˡѵؼ⼸Ƕ˹žûһɣ˾䵽˵ϡ
ܺˣݺݿ̧ͷάǣŮҲǵǸʲôƽŮ
ʱԼ
֪һֱҰģǶ˹άŲһȥӸµؿŰڵϵǶ˹ʵȨǰ㲻Ӧñֵôԡ
Ƕ˹ֿһǷһ˿ЦǣάǴˡ
ļһͷϴ˭졣
άָԼȣȴóһԼᣬ˵ɣõʲô̻ǽ̻ʡߣߣ
Ƕ˹۾΢΢һ䣬û뵽άǻôͻȻͰѻ⳨˽Ӧ֪һά̹ϲĺûᡣ
Ǹû飬ȻҲܵõûеĶ
ûôҰģֻϣλһᡣ
ŶҲ˵Ŀǽ̻ˣ
άǲ⣬Ƕ˹ģЧңԸһš
ôһտڰ׻ԼЧңǶ˹ǵЦڹҲסˡ
Ϊάǵֶ޷ҲգԼΪһŻõӣôҲ
˭뵽άǲ·ư
ǲµǶ˹ĵ뷨άЦˣλеĳЦݡ
Ƕ˹߹ԼҲ͹ҡάɨȫھԵʵǰǵ˵пޡ
ԸһֻԻһЩ㲻ʶȤ鷳һЩҲûʲô
˵ţϵľᷢһ׹⣬Ƕ˹ǩЧԼҲϻǿ͹ϣжϻģ˺άǡ
ⱾߵϿԼҲͱȫūԼԺôһ˿
Ƕ˹ǩúܿ죬쵽άǻûü˵Ļ
άǴˣδԲһʥŮϣҵҰ˵󲻴лȻҪץס
ǩԼǶ˹ҲûԱ任ƣ˸ơ
ҳǰ̻ʴʾҶע֣ӦûԼ
Ƕ˹ĵһͶ״ȷλɫĽ̻ʣʷϱɫĻв١
ʷϱάǳɫģ¡һҲûУǳʥŮ
ϾǵõԴʥŮΨһҲǰʱڰ̻ǸճʥŮˡ
Ƕ˹ֱ񣬶˵ӢۣЩ꣬½ƽǳάʥŮʱֳʲôԴ֮
֪²֮ͻᷢ˵Ĵ£ʱվȻҪ
Ƕ˹ھ˼ǺȻȻѡάǡ
ΣҲȾԤģֻû뵽άǻôݡ
ʱԼûкĺάǴùϵ˼Ѿ˸ԼҲȷڿء
Ƕ˹ɥӻţάҲϾлġ
Ƕ˹άǲ³һصڴϣ۰
Сάǡ
ﴫά̲סһЦҲ֪ȥѧУһҪԼ˵ֻС¡

ڶ죬άƻȥ˷ѹȣ˼ѹΧѱΧάɢֻԶңңţ΢Ľˣпܱɱ
ԭϢ
άգֻٵȵˣ֪Ǹһ᲻Ѿǡ
Ϸͺܺ治
Ƕ˹ҳ϶80/100.

 79 

ڻжʱ, άҲûţðغǶ˹ԭشԼʼ
ڰ, һԼٵĿռά, ʱ, ǺбҪġ
Ƕ˹Ͱض֪Ĵڡ
ϵְ
ȻԽԽܽΧҲ㼯˲ҰĻɢ
˵ĵطн, ̶ô죬һСУһЩװħҩԵĵȵȡ
СϢġ
ҵʱ, Ҳǧ׵ľ룬ǹͻȻˡ
, ĵط
һЩޱ߷㵸ؽԼľ֮ǰǱߵĴȥþƺò˵дء
˵˵ţó¼ʯ, ٺ, ϢҪǮ, ֪Ķˣһöһ, ˿ɾûˡ
¼ʯûþˣҲõö, һʵڵ˵, ˵һˡ
Ҳ֪þգһ͸ϽʰȺûɢֱӻ˽ȥʧ
ϼһҲ, ׬ǮҲ̫ˡ
ǰЩĿɶЩǣҲֻûʲôõı˻Ҳ֪Щôġ
ôģ޷Ǿǵִ¡
άŽ¼ʯ⼸λ϶ᱻȥȲ衱
ȻһȨƵļһϢûЩ˵ͬôܡ
άǶԴ˲Ȥ濴ߵС̯λʲôеģ
߿ĳһƺװ̯λάǺҲ˼ۡ
ͨûʲôö
ԣʲôλע⣿
Ǯ
̯ҲǿάǲͨˣûҪۣҡ
תͷάǣάǣ㡣
Ȼһ룬ԼľͶһ͸СάǵĶϲ𣿡
ҵǮҶǸСš
ĬĬ²ۣάתԼģһöָƺܼ򵥵͸żּԼ
ָͨͨǡ
ϲллάǻ˽ָ㽫ŽԼ
ֹһһάǶûĶָ׽άֵָ
ȻϲǾʹŰɡ
Цĺܲãָûάĺ壬ʿҲһ㲻ŮƷ
Ҫ˵ǿǿˡ
ά΢תջʲôû˵Ҳûժ½ָºߵ̯λС
ʵΧ˵ۣЩõϢܿܿԴе֪ٶ
ڡ
ЩҲ֪ʲôǶˣʲôã
꣬㲻Ҫˣô˵
УҵϣǸƽǧǸ塭

ˣǻȥɡάǼɫѾΧѾ½½뿪ȻҲҪ󲿶һ뿪
ȻصǿСյʱΧѾ˺ü񣬿˹Ͱڿ
պãˡ
óһֻС룬ȸάʢһ룬漴ֻٰݸ˹ʾԼ֡
⼸꣬صտνǽܴһ¶ǣȴҲܵһܡ
ࡪ
άΧʿˮ
ؾôάҲҲû˵ĵطССĿյϿӳӦûˡ
һ϶࣬һŮˮǴġ
һֻһˣںɫ£ģȴҲܲǸǵļһ
ƾάǵжϣʵ
СֵղŵҶˡһ󺺼ǰһŮϣ۾΢һ޵⣬ǻô
άû˵˹ȴһѺõ΢ЦȻԣ⣬ҶһģҸʢ
˹ڵòȻȲԭģҲһ˹ӣžǳˣܿ죬ͺǴ󺺵СѺýһСƿϣ˵ʱźܺóԡ
ֻά˭Ҳûֿǿ⣬ڳԱϰҹҹ°ҹ˹ҹάǺ
ҹ˾ڱά۾һգǸ˶ɿѹȷȥ
άһͱĿռ䡣
Ǳ߹̺ͺڰ̸һ̣⻹һЩˣֻʵԲ
̸ʮ̣˵ǳ̻ʥŮǿʮˣʥȻÿطפһˡ
ΪʥŮά֪̻ʵֹЩﲻܹǺڰ̻ᣬһЩԱ
ðӣάҲ𲽹۲ʥΧˡ
һʮˣغǹڰһˣһǡġ
ʵڴϼϵľ飬ΪʲôҲҪ֪ǳĸ߽಻κֻǵľ
ϴξμʥŮʽѾһѵõ£ĪǡҲˣ
˭
һȣǶӱˣʵڴǰȷȻҶȻЩ̵ġ
άǵͼ۾һڽӰȻӰںΪһ塣
һ¾ʧȥĿ꣬˵ʵˡ
ɱһ塭
ά૳һ䱾ܣǸɱ֡
ʺϰɱɱҲɱ塣
ֻ츳עüѣⲿԭҲڲԭ֮ܶڴ½ִİɱ˹Ҳһֻ
Ѳ飡
һӶ֯Сӿʼ̺ʽѲ飬Աƶж
ɱһںڰлӰвȫԼҪ̫£ʹҲΪ
֮ûϢǱҹһȦƻյͨûпɶصĵط
ʹûάܿжı£ҲǳصģḻǺܿ뵽塣
ֱͣжڹͽг̸֣ǳƬӪء
ϧˡ
̶̼ʱ䣬άǾͿӽ뵽ĳڣٳʱѾӣĳ·
Ǹ֮أ໥ʶһʱҲԲᱻ𴩡
Ǹġ
һģάǶ̲סһۡ
ˣ߰ɡ
ʥô£ά֪ΪӦ̻ᣬҪΪԼĿġ
νıԴ֮һˡ
̫ԶĻû취ʵʩƻ
һСʱάǻصԼУǸӻû
ҹ賿һ׷ʱһȴͻȻѹȸˡ
ЩҲ˲ʲôϴ£ֱܳ濴澰
һӶŶ߰λ֣谵ڸ졣
ǰɱһӣǲ֪ʲôʱֻȥˣҹ֡
˹Ӳ˵ģ
ӲôϢѾȥˣˣ
˵侹ȻԥֱԱΧôºͽȻܾôԱæַס
ֻһÿ˲ɱض˵ˡ
Ĳ˺ϤС黥Ӽۣвɶڲ²⡣
ʲôϢͱԴ֮й
װ֮䣬ɰ֮

 80 

½, Ҫˡ
ֳܶ˵ﻰʥԺʲôţð˳
ֻ밲ӵҲ˲Ԥ, һս, ǿ϶ġ
£Ƽ̵׳˲, ϾǵĶʵֱˣͨȻʵġ
άǣôˣ
ҹǸԱô˲ʧȥ˯, ֽһֱ, Ƕ˹û쵽Ⱥд̽Ϣȥˡ
һȺɢͻܵõʲôϢأǶ˹ջ񲻴
ʱע⵽, ʵ˲, ҲΣ, ϧĻǾϽܡ
ֻ, вӦðάǰ
òߵʥ¶, Ӧðúõһ
Ƕ˹Լĸάǵ뷨ˡ
߰ɣǱ߿϶ϣȻظõꡣ
άǵƺǷʲôǶ˹Ҳʣһ˺ܿ컨˼ļ۸סһʵڲôСùݡ
ǸԱļһǸˣ˹
½磬άǿڣϢȥ仰ǶǶ˹˵ģ˵һоĴǱǱߡ
ϢðغǶ˹ü, ʱʲô֡
Уʥ·ɺ֮ǰǼйء
֮ǰǼ£
Ƕ˹ܴûʲôˢˢˢдºάǵĵͷ½Ϣù̻еϵʽȥʥء
̻ܿյϢ
һ飬ëʣһֽдһЩ֣Ȼֻһš
һ룬Ϣȥ˲ͬĵطάյľһݡ
̻İЧʻǺܸߵģǸ˵Ѿ
ά˵ľ峤ҲܵĲ²ѡ
˹һֱ˰ˣҲ˵޶ĸҲ顣
Ϊ˵ԣ˹Ѿ֪꣬ʲôʱͻᷢ裬ߵľͱġ
ʵҲû˸ֱӱƼĿǰҲ֪Ϊ˭¡
Ǿϲȫ˲֪ջʲôշһΪ¡
˴󲿷ֶӼ꣬һΪãֻ¡Ū
ά뵽㣬ȻҲһһ֪ͨǼаˡ
ֻǣ֪˭Ϣ˵ΪʱĲƽıˣ֮ǰ˹֮һ
Ӿͳ׼˰رìܣǲʵ΢ʵһǵİ˱һЩҷӣŹ
;Ҳ¼޿̵İѧ˷һѪ¼ڴ½䷢
ƺžѣ˲٣ΪȺ塣
У˹Ļ֮ǸǱĵһǰߣÿ˹ʵǿ󣬼ϻ֮Ǳǿʵ˵ĵط
ֱӱѹ£粨ܿ챻ѹƣϧطûôˣʹӦʱⳡҲ˲СӰ졣
Ǽһɡ
άֵһС򣬿˹Ͱسȥ̽ϢˣάǺš졣
ͷϲ¡
ԭӦûôɡάҲ٣ܶ·
ѹȣзΪԭһֱܵƽ£ֻҪԸ⵱Ǹըͻܿ챬ը
ⲽ˵壬λӦ˺ܾãΪãʵʱ򱬷úܶͷö
άΪǿ˴½ңⲽ岻ԸǱȶҪ˳ơˡ
㻹ʲô
ûöάֲƻֻܴĿǰɵһЩз
²άȫ뷨ֻ֪½𽥷
ϾǸˣôǸνġլжĻ
԰˼Ը񣬼ʹ²ʥǸıΪһ˿ϣͿԣɻȥռЩԴ֮
һʼռҲάǵȦס
ֻǸıˣʲôأάǵıԸ䣬Ҳû׷ȥ
ͻȻά۾һЦݱʮֲãϹˡ
漴дһŽȥ˹ǻˮĺʱոʹƿɳѾ֮һˡ
Ҳ˵ԭŹڰ̵˶˹ѾһС̵
Ϊͽʮַɢûȶڶ֮ЩûչҲûӡ
ȵһʱǸ׶ΣҲܲˡ
£ˣ°ǻ˵ҳȥˡ
άǴҴһ䣬˾ʧ䣬Ϣڶ漴ʹǹ̻Ҳ׽άǵĿռ켣
ѾһµĲΣʹͳ񣬰񶼲һ
ҪάǾԼɵһû⡣
֮ԴҴҳΪӦ߷֮һıԴ֮ˡˡ
ҡǸͨꡣ
ӣ񵥴ֻ״ʯ嵱˺ÿƷ˸Ӵڲϡ
ҪողʱСĽѪʯͷϣƻᷢ쳣
Զάϸ۲š
ס̽ڵʵĴ𰸾ǣǧ֮Ī
ֻǸл꣬ʵȴɲСάǣҲ̫ൣġ
ܶͽԼȫ֪ȫܵģʵϣʱʱ̶̿ڽܸϢġ
Ҫ֪ʲôȻֶ֪ͨɲʲôʱһʱ֪һֱڹ۲㡣
֮ǰǼҲԿûôྫʱάǣľԼڰǰͼܿһһ
ǿȴҲûǿսʤ
ԶǸͻȻſŵغ˭Ҳ֪仰Ͱ
֪Ǻ˭н
˭Բ
֡үүľ鵱ǻȦˣάαġԴ֮ʵǰ˹ķƷ
ֻΪ䣬ʮ⣬͸ô̽鶼ֲʲôʹõһҲãҪвܷıء
šүү
ò¾֪Ҫ衰ְ߿鱾Դ֮Ҫʱ̾ͿֱӶһõģﵽ塣
ʱ϶ҲѾֶԼ
ǣάǵĿ⿴ԶʧСռλ綷ǶֻĿһ֡
ؼҲҪĿ꣬ϷһֱҵҵŬš
*
˭޹кιɣ
ɭֵڴͻȻεάǱ£ΧħҲ׼ƺһвԾͻ
Ȼݷþ£ͷͨ˵仰ʱʲôûڳľȴ˲䱻סΣʵ
ΪάȻĺøжȺչ¶ʵϾоʾ롣
άҲܿλŰʵòɫľ
ǵڶμ棬ϴԹʥŮݣαӦǵһΡ
̬ȲãŸ߸ϵĮάչ˲˵ʵ
άǺЩ˰񣬡𾴵ľ£˵Ŀĺܼ򵥡
мͣһ룬ά΢Ц̧ͷֻһ⣬ĸǲǳˣ
仰һɱ˲סάǣֻһˡ
άǿţɴŸղŵ΢ЦֻھӼҵ졣
ɱңƽ͵̸һ̸
񣺾Σɿɻþĸл

 81 

ɱû, ˵˫άǣΧվŵļ鲻֪ʱҲˡ
ֲɵĹֻʣάǺ;˳Ĭʱ, Ǿİ
˭
ڳ, òһֻʵ̫Į, ˵һʱ˺ֻע⵽ݡ
˭Ҫ, ֻҪܰﵽһ岻Ϳˣ
άڵһʥ˾Ͼ֪Ӧǳˡ
һܴ, ȻǰﾫԸ, ҪʱǰͲһӶšĸסߡ
Ȼ֪, άȻҲȥ, ̻Ǳ߲ûдõϢֻдʱɭֵľȷԶһЩ, ûʲôˡ
ɭֱϾо, ̽Ҳܽɭ̽, ץ, 鵽ƺ˽֡
, άԼʵ, ش½κεطҲֻһͷ¡
żһ˵Сֶξ֪ĳˡ
ҳµĻǱоΪĸ׵ľĸ, Ⱦˡ
ĸǴ½һ֮ļ֮ˮܳΪʥҩ, ɼǿʢ
˵һǼʮĹػ۵ҲǼײʯͷ
ƫƫĸϾȻʼҶˡ
һʱ֪̽ҹ̻Ҳûã̶ֳȵڵĹ̻ûһܽ
ʱֱʥ֮£о²ǲΪνıԴ֮Ӱ졣
ĸܵõԴ֮᲻ͻָ
˾ַ׷׳ŵĳ档
άһ֪˭µֱ֣ϾҲǶԼмġ
κû߰ĸžԸһССæġ
ûϴӦظάǣ˼
ĸ˶Ծһ˵ȷһĴ£Ҳûмһİ˽ӽǵĸ
οάǸոչֳʵӦֻһ֣ûаסôġ
Ƭ½ҪˣҲ֪ðģ֮ǰȻûеõһϢ
𿴾ӣǵϢ̶ͨȲκһϾֲĵطпǵĶۡ
£
ڻǳȴһ⣬֪Ϣ۰Ͱ͸Ҫǿˡ
άȻģҪһϷҽһһꡣ
룬ðϷУôûоĳϮҲǱźάһĿġ
ֻǣҪһ
˵ԼϸҪ󣬾ڿڡ
ģŮ񡣡
ԡ
ĺԼǲЧάǱͿǹַþڶԷˣȻͬġ
άǻһۣľĸûκθϵ
¾Եݵģʱ˽
ĸǰ
άҲǵһμ˾޴ֳһСҶѾƺʱܵģҲ˵𺳡
ھͼλϽȵض£άǱ۾ҲܻʲôֱӿʼΧ
Ѿջ֮Ҳ½еж˻̬
Ԫ⻨͵ģˮԪԲεģڰҲһġ
άȻۣԺȴؿĸʢõһгСҵ㡣
ҵ㻹ɢѾӰΧһСƬ֮ŵ
Ũ̶ȣ¡ֻ֮ӵС
㣬ά˫̽һֲʧŵӡ
֡
ĸûκα仯
һλ峤ϾͲüʱۣ滺
һںĸ׽ֻҪĵȴС
ĸһǻ۵ģֻΪĳЩѹƣ޷γˡ
󣬾˫Ŀάǣˡ
άǹ˫ָһģ
ʵոǸװXӡҲάԼģҪ
Ҫľû֮һϣǿȾԴȺ;񻯡
ȻҲ
ЩǺ;ǰ˵õģովںĸȷ
ϾҪ
ԼĹɣά;Ǹ𣬾ĸͻȻ֦һ
̵ĹâάǾ£һС֦Ѿ쵽ǰ
άסתͷʲô˼
֮ǰºͶˣţĸл㡣
һƿ˹졣
ά˲뵽˵ʱǸҲװ֮ˮ
ƿǣȻ֦Ѿ˳ӵ̽ƿڡ
һΣΣΡ
ʮ֮ˮװСƿ֦Ѿջȥ
˼ҵάȻĸ˵һлл
ĸǻһƺڻӦάǵĵл
ٿǣάǾԷλϵĿºͶˣǾĸϲˣһǻˣ
ѾҲˡ
άǣûֻ˵һ䣬һԼ
·άɭȥ˼ҵĵ̻ʵʵҪֱӿռá
ˣʶһλľ𣿡
·ϣά״Ʋ⣬ǰðչһʱ䣬ʱ˵ǳҲ֪ͨûС
·˲ƫͷһֵάһۣ뵽ǾĿˣǻشάǵ⡣
Ҳʶľ飬Ҳǻһ£ѾʮûҪȥľˡ
Ƴʵǿ󣬳ȻҲͣûȥһ֪ġ
άôһ˵Ҫǳϲԣ·һƭ׽
άһ£ܿع񣬡𣬴Ū˰ɡ
ȥһ·άǵɭֳںһתʧھǰ
ɭָֻƽ
*
ˣ
ͻݵİظո׼÷ˣάǺ˵سҲһ΢Ц
Ϳ˹֪ȥСùڲûиӦǵϢ
άȴûϻӦأʲô£ȻȻѰ㣬ǣһˡ
ü鲻˳
άҡҡͷͦ˳ġ
ŰأǸ㻹ǵǰһð˼ľ𣿡
رԾܴĻҲŪˣ˼һŻش𣬡ǵãôˣˣ
άҡͷû£ֻͻȻ˶٣㣬ʲôӡ𣿡
Ȼ֪άΪʲôҪЩһ£Ǹ׽͸ľ顣
ңϲŭ޳ײҪΪһ䡣
ϲŭ޳ײҪǡάظһ飬̧ͷϰЩǵæһõЦݡ
û£ͷİɣֻǡܷһСܡ
άߣҶˣۣʲô㣡
Բ˵άǣȻǿҲû⡣
ˡġٷʢķˣάǻСĴһá
漴СֵЦ
ԭˡ
Ĺȥ50/100.

 82 

ҵĿűԴ֮
ʥ¼ֺĵ, Ϣ˴½
λƶ޸ĸޱԵҲǵһ뵽С
˵ԵɺϵõһűԴ֮ͱѡ, һ·ǰ˾һæõ˾ĸл
ֽύ˱˳Ƴֵİ֯죬ɹͰ֮Ĺϵ
˸ò, ƽ׽, ˵һСԺһҪ޸ȴܡ
Ҫǣ̶̰ʱ䣬ʵҲ˷һĿԽ
ȫϵħʦգԽսڰ̶ȥ͡
, ҲǰĬ, νġѡ֮ӡ
ھƹĳһ, Ա߾ҵ, άǶˮƺˮ, סǵЦ⡣
·, 浱̫ˡ
͸Լˣ׼ȷ, ǸùʥŮݳˡ
һ֮ѵ, ȥȥ¶, ҽ̻ҲҪȥһ氢ĬԼպøš
Ҫˣ
Ļã, ͨİˮһֵζȴޱôᴥһˮ棬Ĵһˮ
⽫һʱ䣬˵΢ЦĴȴǧ궼ࡣ
Եֶʵ̫άǣ˵ǹ£ôƫǡôطÿһϲá
һӿϷϷԹ۵룬ҪǱǼһ֪϶Цɡ
أϷҲû˰ɣ
˹Ͱضάȸ˻ȥ⼸죬úù˼ط̸£ֻļӳԺȡ
Ӯ𣿡
άǼʵߵЦЩ֣Щ֣ʲôܺЦĶ
άǾԼһӮȸһ£
а죬ʲô
ôάǽҹɡ
֮άǾҪع̻ᣬԼҲսһЩ鷳ء
άûоܾҪ󣬡ǻҰŰɡ⣬졣
νİţάǴ˹ǣǸԼ۵ĵط
ԺӵСľݱĺܺãΧѲӣҲħ磬һ˾Խ
άǺȻһ˵ķΧڡ
СԺĶҲǺ뿪ǰһһ˿ҳûУԿάݵˮǴߣľҲõӦ
ҵʱѵġ
άָָԺӵһǣʱ˰ҹ͵άǣСȽϺݣֱײһԵǽϣԼ
£ϡ
֮һƺԼѡ񣬵ʵÿؼһֻƶѡ·
˵仰άǱ˹µģڷīͫ˲̫һ
㶼֪ɡ
û˵άҲ⣬Թ˵клѧ˺ܶණʶ˺ܶˣҲɱ˲ΪĻˡ
˫֡ά̧˫֣͸ȻԵЩ԰ף벻һ
˫ȭôС˭뵽άڵѾͨء
άǵüĺۼԽԽأôˣ
ͻȻ˵һعĻάƽʱԸ
άǿڣһȥģжѣһ˶ߵĵλҶǻȥġ
赲ҡ
άǵ۵ޱȼᶨľģҲϧκδۡ
СԺܰά仰˵껹Ļ
£Ҳһ˿ѹ֣άǣҲ
㷢ʲô
ĮάǲԵ޹˵仰ȻǵԼֻҪƿԼͻȥķ
ҲʲôܡάǺƽ˵
ߣкܶܶ˵仰Ҳ֪ˣ
°
ԴӴӦάνͨϷ󣬾ûɹ£û뵽ͻȻάǷ֡
㲻Ϊġ
ͬ˽άǣûҪҲΪԼԸݺӴġ
ɫǡ
άҡͷЦһ£ЦǸӵЦΡɵȵ˼
͵ɣ
άûп۾΢΢ͷԶϦġ
ҪϲңҪҡ
ǡһĨϦӳάͫ·ڷ⣬貶Ŀ
ǣһҪؼҵġڷǿ
һЦ뿪Цһ䣬ˡ
ôᰮһߡأ
ĵߣάǵһжԼһ֮䣬ǡǡװʲôġ
Ц仰ȴôҲ˵ڣԡϦµάǣ۵׷˵
·͸壬άǵ꣬һڷꡣ
á
գֻһ֡
˾ؿ̫ɽսԺӣΧƽǽһʼ֮֡
ʲôʲôڰʥŮ̫Զ̫ԶĶ
ά̧֣һ𷢱۵ĹʥŮάٴγǰ
ˡ
š
ϷʲôάûʣҲû˵һ̣ƺЩҪˡ
*
ӭʥŮء
֨
رһŻ򿪣άǴһĨЦ⣬̵˫ɨǰĽ̻ʡ
հʦͬʱһ
ֻû꣬ȱֹάǿջ١
仰ĵģΪȻԼһʱ͸άǵΪ
ǰάǾһͨ˰㣬ƫƫſֲ
̶һꡭάľǶ֪ġ
λɫʥŮҲ˲˵ͷջǻع΢Ц
άЦݲ䣬л
˵꣬ͺһۣһֻܶ
ʥŮʵһֵף£̻Ϊ˻ٰһС磬ϢҲΪˡİš
Ĭʥشݷһ¡
ڵʸݼ̻ʺʥŮġ
ǰĬʵȴеĻҪ̶̰ʱ䣬ȻǴ˵еġ𣿡
һλ̵άǲ̲סЦ̶ô룬˿Ҳࡣ
ҲҪ̫£ͺãǹ̻ʵҲСһλ̡
άǺͽ̻ûв뵽ǵĻУֻڶ½Ӵ׼ʱάǲһ䣬׼ɣҪϡ

ʥӭ˰Ĭλ֪
һλǰãһλȹλ֪츳˹
ҲԤκڰʥŮڰͽ̻δ
ŮӶŲõЦڰĬ󣬿ദĲ
ǰİĬͰǰάǴҴҼеǸҲȫһ
òȲᣬ˫۾ǳluoҰĺ
ȻںܶУǾеİ
հ̻ʴˣʥŮˡ
ϾĬڵĵλǱȲάǵģȻҲ
̻ʲŵطĵؽСα罻
άǹɵصļȴһ仰
ڼˣ롣
øж50/100ϲֵ+5

 83 

άǵòʮֳɫ, ˼Ļһһζ˵Ŀ⡣
ʹ밲ĵһǰĬȻôġ
ʥŮ, հ, ǰĬ
˵ǰ, άһ
άû, ֻǳǳһЦ, á
ȥûˣһ˲, ĬһȻЩΣ̬ܿµջ֣Сȡ˻صԭλá
ľٶȻӮһСֽڵĺø, ǸʥŮ˵Щʧ, ڵıֵǲѸղŵʧ˻, һЩ
ֻλŮɫ̫, Ϊεصһάǡ
ԼòţҰΪջ˲ٰĽ, άһȡɶαŮ˾ǻƭˣ
Ȼ, Ůֲʹĵ, άȫ⡣
򵥵غѹ, һٰص, Ͼǹ˷ѵĵط, ̻һȽϼ򵥡
̻ʺάǲ֣Ĭڽ̻һ̨״, λ֪ôҲݵˣһ𱻰ڰĬ·
ĬΪ

˵֮ǰ

ʱ򣬽̻ʾͲһֱͰĬ˵ˣôҲǹ̻ʣǾҲƽཻ
ĬڻôѾһָ߹Ӵ
ά򰲰ַֺе¶ˮȫ˰ĬʱƮ
Ĳ̫ϸ񣬲֪ǲǰģ
еһλ״Ʋʵ֪Ĭȥʲôţ
ʵܼ򵥣ȻҪѰʣıԴ֮߿ȴ½
Ȼ֪ʵģҪĲ𰸣ĬֻҪɵ֮⡣
ĬȻɵ෴Сеģ£Ҳ̵ԭ֮һ
еıӣĿֱֱ̻ʺʥŮԴõĿ鱾Դ֮󣬾ͶԴ֮λþио
仰һΧ˵߶˰ĬϣЩ˵ĴһӰ
˼˵ĬаҵʣµıԴ֮֮Ѿѳɹ󲿷е˼
˵˲˱仯رǰĬԱߵǸŮ۾쳤ͷȥˡ
Ĭͣһ¡
̻ʺܸӵĿˣĬлֱ˵
ҸӦһλãܡҪͽ̻ʴʥŮ˺úһ¡
Ҳ˵ڴۣ̻֮ͥʺάǻһۣȻͬˡ
Сʱ䣬ҷ·û£дԼڲ²⣬Ĭͽ̻ʥŮ˵ʲôأ
ǹ̻νиһ¥
£ڽĬҲŽ̸̻רóء
ֻˣάǡͰĬĳλѾŮȥϢĵط
˵ҲǴɣҸӦһ鱾Դ֮ȻĹǡ
ĬҲӣֱӰԼķֽ˳
ĹأּȻȻüλͺܶġ
ѾǺܾúܾǰˣõûй̻ᣬΪ֪ԭ
һսȻǴذ˵ڰЩߵⳡս
ôûֻ֪֪ڴ½һء
Թյء
ҪǹˣԲ½磬Ĺô½
ҲǴɴӾ֪пԳżԡ
ĬƺЩ˼ڣ˼ס
̻һʱ֮Ҳû˵ż⵹ЩѰˡ
һԵάǣȴԼصͷ˼ǣ
ǵȷУҲżھԱάڿڣǡ
żֻҺͽ̻ʴ˲ʸʹá
Ĭ۾һæ˵ԸҺʹ½ǧǧһأĬָл
⻰˵ģǺʹ½ԣ
۵һ˿䣬Ҳá
ԱߵάһֱܵĬҪͽ̻һ£ɫȥϢɣ𰸡
Ĭǰάǣʳָᶯһ£ľɫĹ󲻿֣Ҫǡ
˼ڵ֪ô
ԺһϵðĬ˲˼֣ĵƣԴ֮顣
ĬٽԴҲ᲻λһļбԴ֮Ϊ˴½֮ǻʲô赲
Ĭ˼δ֪ǴٳӵףȻٶԤʲô
ǣάǡ
άһģò˺ܾǰһЩ顣
ʱԼڶУƽĲƽɼòȵȶͨͺܶһѧУ﹫ϵУ
ôҫۣŵڣɼ죬ʱõŮ
ϧ֮ʵ̫󣬰붼롣
˵׸õĵӰѧԼȥһͨѧУûн
ֱѧҵǰϦԼԽˡ
֮˺ܶ£Լ⸱ӣάǵһ̡
ļһѡ
ǸС°ɡ
*
Ĭ뿪ˣֻάǺ
ʦô
άԷһЩҲ⣬ôš
ü˵
Դ½δеǣûпǹװ⸱ģôɶľ衣
Լ׷󣬾͡
άȻ֪̻ģҲӲ˵ش³˼֡
ȱֳĺòȥֻǡ
ʱҲпܱһӣϾ˭Ļ˵ء
ȥɣҲø̽һ
άӧӦǲܵģҪȥȻάȥ̻̻õİš
Ҳֻ֪ǡ
żںΣգЩһȥҪĬߵˡ
رλˣŮӼìܼµģ֪ʲôʱͻһѣƽʱãżֵطصˡ
ҲλȥֲǹҼңǵʵֻϺȡ
Լ˴鷳ҵʵðظҰɡ
һ˵ȥɴҲȷ㣬ܴܻҪάǷǣԸһάֻȥ
̻ҲһʲôؾԻȥάǵġ
ڶ졣
֪άǻԼһȥżĬϵЦԶ׼ģ̻ʱ֤һᾡȫάǡ
̻õġ
ʲôžԼܱάǣıпװ
ЩΪ½ǣľǻıˣ
άƫͷ̻¶һ΢ЦȻתϰĬᡱʾȥżΣգλղȥϣʥ͡
ҲλˣûȰĬ˵˳ôУһǰ㰢Ĭô죿
άЩûӻǱĬPUAˣ
ĬΪ˺ÿ
Ĭǳ˼˼
ʥŮ˵ξһȥɡ
ܹҲ仰ĬֱǶ԰̻ʥŮ˵ģνһˮƽ
ҿԿĺĬĻʹвһ˵Ͳٶ˵ʲô
һߵȣһֱ΢ЦҲһܰĬ˵ʲôͬģ
͵ǸڽҷԼ׵Ľɲ̫һ
ЩСҲ֪ܰάǻһʱСֹ
άǡغͰĬһʱ׼㶫ڽ̻ǰܵڴ½ࡣ
ΧǰɫıѩҪһͨˣ⼫²Ҫþͻһ
άǣػǰĬ·ܲ¶Ȱ㣬ңңվڰУĿע·
żƬ档
׼ӭŭ𡣡

 84 

άһ, ˲ѾվڱϣغͰĬ
ʵҲ˹άǲһȥ, ӦԷһ
ʥŮ, ǽȥǡ
˵ͬʱ, Ĭһָ, Χ¶Ѹ, ﵽһʵ¶, ǽµıȴûһ˿ڻ, ɼĲѾﵽʮֲֿĳ̶ȡ
Ǻʮ
άǲûаĬж޼, ҲҵȥĻ, ֱ
غܿʮ, һ仰Ҳû, ˰ĬҲòȺʮ
άǵ̬ȳ, ʥʱôԼмЦ⣬󡭡ֻʣĮ
ǶԼʲô
ûάǲ֪, ֮ûҲûĬ
Լ֮, Ϊ˿ܴ񣬰ĬνĸӦ, Ҳ˳һĽڡ
Ȼһ̻ʿ϶֪
ûбԴ֮, Լȥ, һԴ֮
άǻ̧˫֣гһԿ״壬漴Ĺ֮Կ׿ʼ⡣
άǾԼħŮ, һħŮ
Ź֮룬һȽ׷Ű׹Ÿǰȥżͨ
Һһһ
Ż򿪣һѾӷ϶͸άü
һ


ͬİֻԼҽһӦͱǰһġ
ʧԭ˵Ӱ
վںɫϣĬȶΣæԱߣαװĽȴϡ
άأ
ԼʩֶǸµİûϣάǵദûһðһ¸顣
ôһͷάҲˣ
㿪
̲סʱάԻᰲȫܶ࣬п˼ҵ£Ӳ֪ʲô
ΪԺԼöѰĬ̳ˡ
ҲͰʱ䣬ôԴӡ
һߣάȻͰһͷŰĬʹϾԼ˴һأ
ǸĬ
վȺҲӦϾˣάǲܣԼֽŻֵͼ
ùûԱߣ͹άǶ԰ĬӲû̫ھΧ
żżŨȾͲκεطɱȵģ治ʲôԪضʮֱꡣ
仰ʹħпܵû˵˵Լ
άǣڣҲǹԣȻĵҲܡ
ά۾һգȥ
ͻȻס˻ðغؿ˹άǸϽȥ濴ȥɡ
ĿռܲȶάǶʵʵ߹ȥʱ˶û˵
˵άںĳ졣
ͻȻȥʲô
͵ĶάǱΪλСƢʱǲԼġ
û뵽żͱﲻסˣʲô
άʵɶһȴûԼոֻǸ
άǣ
Ҳ˷ѿ࣬רĺͰظ·УȻڻûνޣάҲҪʱս׼
֪ʵЩޱʲô
ߣ
ǱִһߣάǰһߵİͻȻ¡
Ȼûסʧԭأȡ֮ĳλָԭò
ʲôأ
άǺþûӣһۻǱһ£ɱۿٴζᱻ
ú˯һȥˡ
ǱάǵķӦõˣԹԵػش⣬˳㻹΢Цһ¡
ˣ
άЩΣҲ̫Լò˰ɣ
ԣͻȻʲô£
άǻǵ£ֻϽĿĺȥ̽Ѱż
άƺߵ̬ȣ´ߵĵ·ѾҪʲô
άǰŵ·ҵͺڰ񣬳Ϊߵ
ֻǡЩ¼ʹҲ޷ԤϣԼôҲǷء
⣬άȻûʲôģΪá

۶ԴۣάǶΧŨҵΡΡĲҿĪЩϲС
άȰЩ͵۾ʲô
ΪԼΪʲôҪ
û˵ֻԭسӣȻһӣһ顰塱Ļάǰ
һ˿Ϸģһ𿴣
˵
άǣ
ǰĻǰĬȷǰĬ͡ʲôźʲô
Ļܿά˭Ȼ̽鵽ԺеĽ
ǧޣ򡣡
һϵӦþλ롣
֪ˣӦʥŮλǲǾϱȽϺá
̫꣬иţҪһЩиӦ

ά˰Ļ˵ԾһζһǸλ˵ˡ
ÿ𣿡
ûά˼һ룬ͷ񣬺ܰ
ֵˣͻȻԼǸɵӣȻôΪôһ֪ν˺۰ͰܹάǵķӦ
ĹȥʲôϵάǶ֪һ˭
תͷƺٿĳˡ
̫ð
ֿһάڸ̾һ䡣
ɲаڣɼܲסĬƷĸҪôҪôΣա
̶ôʱ䣬ĬͱŪûͷ˵ˡ
Ϊʼٸߵȫûν飬άһ䣬֮ǰĹˡ
㿴󡣡ҡҡͷʮ
˵ʵһƴսʱӶÿɣԼΪ׼ǵȷǿ˭
άǵֱûз仰ǰ󣡡
Ŀ϶΢΢һ˿ǽάǷְĬֹǲǲҾ徣
޶һֻֻһȺȺòװҵһȫĵطüһֱӰԼͽϳ
ǰ뱬Ĭ߲ŽһȻǾܾżˡ
ˡάǲò¶֪϶ʲôֽţҪǱҵļƻͰ׷ˡ
ֲɵӣһο˵ٶ϶ỳǲڸǡ
֪ˡҲ湻ˣһӣĻʧҲģɡ
άǺܾλү飬Ҳ֪ܾûã뻹ö˵ʲôаɣʱϰĬǣ߰ɡ
żг޺һЩȻγɵյأĻһι״ɽ״塣
άǲɶ˺ܶ·⿴ҲɽڱԹһ䡣
û뵽ӻˣȻɽЩʬ塣
ĳɽάǽһ٣Ǻܿµؼȥ귢ʲôôôս
ΪҪôشҪôһܳĹ£û뵽
Ҳûʲôǵ˸λѾ£λޣûλЩرİһܣӮ˾λ
ʱʵһµʽλûʽλкܴġ
ǳսŻôҡ
άǣ
ͣ½ŲĿ⿴һЩλǡ޻˵
óɾͣСֵ֣+1

 85 

άû˵, ǴзĲϲ
ǰǼһ¡
Ҳ֪ԼΪʲôҪһ䣬ֱ˵ᷢһЩ¡
άû뵽, ȴһ, ý, ҲǸˡ
ҪıһЩƱҲᷢѪ¼ƻܶͥ˫մȾѪ١
ֻ, ĪЩذˡ
Լ֮ǰֻһͨļҵѧ, Ҳδְҵ滮, ڡס̫˵, ѹЩ
һɾάѵ¶һ˿ã, õĽ𷢶·һɬ, ֪Ϊʲôͺ뱧άǡ
ģάеϢ, ڻ, һ߳ŭ, ۵ļҪȾһĨ޺Ҳܺÿ
ͻȻԼЩڿʡ
Ӧð񣬲Ҳʵġ
ôˣ
ʵ̫֣άҰֱΣո, ̲סˡ
ؿĿ¶, аά, ͵͵Цһ
棬ɰ
ͻĿάǲһ飬, еΥ˰
ߡ߰ɡ
άתǰȥֵֹĳֻǱôһϣոյĳҲܿʧ
ϲڵˣȻѡˣǾҪԼȫá
׼þյĵҲάǣظ
ֱǰάͻȻͣ½Ų
Ծ
Ϊżڱ꣬ܶյʵѹ£ά߾ʮֲѺãһľͻС
طͲǸððõĵطݹ̻أϴνѾ꣬˺ܶྭҲʱˡ
˵䣬άֱһסԼȻ϶Լ費Ҫ¡
¶һõЦݡ
һģΪõǹ֮άǷֺԼҪҵȶҲһЩ
ʼ赼ȶάҲԼΪʲôòԾ
żĴ󲿷ҲħԪصģֻǲѡ
άͷ֣ռ߳ɣⲻ࣬ڶľǺڰ֮ռ塣
ҪάǶԪظУ϶Ƿֲϸڡ
Щˡ
֮ͺڰ֮ʵͨĵط˵֮Ǻڰ֮һַ֧
λϾͿֳ֮Ǻڰ񣬾Ůǹһ
ԣĺڰ֮Щˡ
¿϶кڰ֮ŨĶطԪء
άǿһԵҪȥҪһ𣿡
ȻǸŵġ
һףάǶǰľЩ𾪡
һδ̽½Уȷͻƿڡ
߸һЩ룬ʯڡ
ʯõĲڴ½֣ͨġ
νģõһ֣һ㲻ʶֻ߸ʶ֣Ҳĵ˼
һľһ£һʷļصʵҲǰ
ڣάǾڿʯϵģÿɢŨŨĺڰϢսѾȥôãڰϢôŨ
ɼдĵʵжôֲ
һģһӺڰڤڤ֮˳ӦóΪڰ
ɳһ׶ʱֺڰλѱռˡ
λɵӣæڸǸֺۼҿʼĵ飬һܡ
ĵˣάǸϽڶ
ڶλһλѣ˿˵ǹͬɳԼһΪ񣬿ϧսλѱ
ڶĽάǽתƵϣעռеһ˲䣬һǿҵĺϯάԡ
Һޣ
Լǿ޷ԼĶ
ʶ˲壬Լڴˣ
ޣ
µ棡Ϊαң
άǻһǹ˳ɫӵؿġ
ƺЩΪʲôôɻ溬һλǰĺⰡ
оΣ
ʳָάǵüģһʵȫһȦ˷·ȱȪʡ
û¡
άûпȥֻڴǰһ̣˻

άתͷЩ㶼֪𣿡
Щ£Ϣָ̫࣬ĵ»λ£
һǣҶ֪ȻûֱӲ룬ҲĬˡ
ķκĬһ˵ҰģҰ֮£ȻҪѪȵġ
ԥ
άǵܺõڹ仰Ҳ֪òü㡣
˶٣ֱ˵ƺû֪׼
Ѩûзģͷ°ȴ޷Զˡ
СάǣΪʲôẦ֪أ
㲻ǻẦδ֪Ը񡣡
֪ݺҲ֪Ϊʲô
ʵǿҲԽԽӽν࣬άǶЩĥ͸Լʱ뷨顣
ʵάǣĵӿһ˿ͣ۵׷ɿһ˿⣬ûϵСάʲôʱ֪ˣңһһֱڡ
żŨʵ̫ûܿνάǲ֪ҲһЩӰ졣
Ȼ࣬Ӱ˾ӰˣȻӣЩʾһ
ûгûάѡ֪ʱֻҪԼ΢͸¶֣ϵĺüȶб仯
άǵǰö࣬趨Щʱ򲻾Ͱһ
ǡͻȻͲôˡ
Ҫάѡ񣬲뿴άüֻŵ
ԵӣҲֻάǵϻԼԼˡ
Ϊ飬Ҳûעάͬһ䣬ƺʲôƺʲô
գάûѡȥģһοĽ磬ʧʱһЩ˳һӡǡ
ȷţԼһˣΪЩûȡߡ
»ص棬άֺż˼죬Ҳûзֺ֮ǰǵطһĶ
Ҳǣλ춨ڰҲôãҲȲ֡
ˣҸȥͰĬϲ뿪żˡ
ȥάǿʼ
һ壬СάǺþ飬˾Ͷ˼࣬ԩҡ
˵껹һ־۽Ǹڵˮ
άǣǲǿʲôֵĶ
̨ʣûʮɶ˵Ĺǲ˵ڵİɣ֪Щ
ȴ۾һգָˣЦСάǵı¡
֪ԼҲû˼ֱӽءóһ뿪ͻѣάҸƭƭС
ȻͼȥصάǱס˼򣬡ˣСάǲҪ̫ңҪʵˣͺһ
һϳǰ
άǣүߺá
ʧתѣžͶάҵĿ⡣
أ̫ˣû£

ܵǿţͣ

 86 

ûĳĸ, άǺͰûþͳɹ˰Ĭ
ֻɸɾ·ȼٵάǣĬЩÿˡ
һħħѧͽóĬû, ԭ޷Ҳ, òûá
һ, άû˼£ֻڰĬ𾪵Ŀóһ״壬״ɻҲСİѪԺо͸˱Դ֮֡
֮ǰ˸Ϣ, Ӧþǵ鱾Դ֮ɣ
ǵڰĬǰλ, ɹֻֿʼζ, , Ĭ𾪺Ͳ˼ǿع, ʥŮ, ǱԴ֮
ЩƮ
̫ˣҲ˵ڻʣ, ǳȥ˳һûɡ
ȥMһ
Ĭ뱬ֿ, һֱΪԼѡ֮, ֻԼܼ뱾Դֻ֮ԼǾ
ʲôΪʲôʥŮһõԴ֮ѵ첻ֹѡһˡ
ǰ֮˾Ķ֣
һ, ٶ˼Ҳֲ϶Ȩ, άڰĬѾ˶ֵıǩ
Ҫǲ, ԼǰЩһôѣܶҪΪάˡ
ôһ, Ĭάǵ˲ͱʮ־衣
ˣʥŮõⱾԴ֮ʱ鷢𣿡
ô裬ȴҪװһµϢάĵ׶̲סһ
ȻװĬʵʲôȴװһɻģ飬˵ʲô
֪ûеڶԴ֮ά
ƫƫҪش԰Ĭԣ°˱֤еڶԴ֮飬ĬҲȫš
ܻ룬ǲҲһ֣ǲǱҪʱ̻ᱻ
Ͼʶ˰ֶ࣬Ҳͱֽĺһɡ
ûûʲô뿴ûĬķӦҲάǻɣ뿪ɡ
ȻѾҵ˱Դ֮ȻҪ뿪żĬ⼸ʵ̫ңؼûʲôջҪĶߡ
һҲ⣬ֱԼˣ
άȻǵͷͬģٴóԿףظ֮ǰĶųʱ˲ͻص˱ԭϡ
ûжͣάֱһֱӻصʥأðĬȒһԼûʱ䡣
̻ڴģͻȻֵҲûоȣոǰ룬άѾ˳ƴһϢ
ֻҪװĺ֪顣
ˣ˳𣿡
ûĬǱ̻ʹеѯʵ
ά΢΢һЦʦģ˳õ˱Դ֮
ϲ״ǿ̫ˣĬ֪ʣ鱾Դ֮ģֱȥȡ
Ĭܹˣ̻Ժ壬뵽Լ֮ǰ˵º˵ܸӦԴ֮λã˵֪Ǿֱ˺ˡ
ҧǿ¶һ΢Цĵطżһ˾̻ܽʴ˺ʥŮʥصҵĺϢɡ
̻ʺάǽһصʱٱȰĬ϶˵ʲô硭
ĬЩƣͣ绹ȥϢһ£²֮ۡ
̻ʸ˻֮ƣǰĬҪģûøõĶԲߣڽ̻ʸʱ䣬ȻһƣӱʾҪȥϢ
ںֻܿʣάǺͽ̻ʡ
ǱԴ֮
άǵݸĶ̻̽һʲô
Ҫܷеܡ̻ʽԴ֮άǣǰĬףǵÿһº֡
ûкͰĬദ̫ʱ䣬ɴӼС̻ʾͷ˰Ĭٳɰࡱ޷ڸǵȱ㡣
ȷ˰ĬǾ̻ҲֻǿԼùϵֻЩ͸ñһˡ
ڵ֪άҲõ˱Դֻ֮һ飬̻Ҳϲھ
άǿɱǰĬǧ򱶣˵ǹ̻ʥŮƷԴϻ۷ͲǰĬɱȵġ
ףĬǸ¡ͱ츳ڵĹʥŮάǲͬʧȥ˾ݣĬҪʵλ̫̫ѡ
ȥάǺͽּ̻ôøõȫıԴ̻֮еάб
ɣά
ΪܽҲȸһ䣬̻˵һ¡
Ƽ̣֮ǰ˵ǸС̣
ԣǸոճϵĹġ
̻ʽеݸάǣִһɨʹ˵ݡ
̺֣ûûνĿƼ֮Ҳδ˵
̻üǵķչٶȴʵ˾ȣ㿴
ӴռóһСȡ
ҪħһˣֻҪɹСʱ⡣̻ʴ򿪿أСȺشά״̬һ졣
ֻҪͽʮͭҾܵ֡
ڲܶƽһѣٹҲΪˡ
άֽӹȣ󣬴ķҲһ㣬ȻȲϷħȴոЩƽǴȥһ˿
ܲĶάڣʦʲôأ
ؿһάǣηض˫ۡ
˵̶ȣ֪ܲȱ塣
ǵڸյʥûã̻ʾͺά˵ûϣֻйеĶ
άǣô𣿡
ѵ¶һ˿ã˵¹ԡ
ʦ͹̵Ըϣ˶Ҹ
ڣǲ𣿡
ά˵仰ͬʱȼһذɫĻ棬ǷݹľʧڻУһ˿ҽû¡
άǣ㡭
̻üɲûֹάǵĶǰͬƽŮһ䣬ϣȷġ
άĿƿŽ̻ʣնʦţһĸá
˽ĵķ̬ȣڰ̻̬ȾԾ˺ܶࡣ
ֹƼ֮
ֹʹͨƼ̵Ķ
һֱ֣Ӱͽá
һڰ̻ΧڣƼ̵Ķƺ˲ʧˡ
ǣȫֹ
˵ĹߺЩƽĻָܻԭ
άֻǿŻ׳ȼյһ졣
*
̻ʴˣʥŮˣϢˡ
ڶ磬άǼƺѾԲ߲±ģİĬ
̻ʿ󣬰ĬҲԾ˵ʣݱԴ֮λá
Ҷԥ˼Ǿ߶λ
ĬϵıԥȻֱ˼ᶨʣűԴ֮ҵĸӦ
һţںڰ̻ʥǣŵǡ
һţڡء
ط̻ʺܻǰĬ˵ģ֪Ůͺڰ̻˹ϵźһҲ׽ڰ̻ˡ
ͽȥһ֣鷳
ڰŵǡ
֮ǰʥŮѡµѡַʽ̻ҲֻʥŮѡںڰΧ
һҪ˼ҵȥΣԲ֪˶ٱ
Ϻڰ̻Ҳһ츳ά൱ʥŮάǳ£Թ̻Ĵν
ˣ̻ʶܲͻưĬõԴ֮ʵǲұ̫ϣ
άڰĬžĿ¿ڣҵǻи취
ҲС
ȡµĽչָȣ

 87 

ҺͰĬͷж, Ĭȥڰ̻ǣȥǣԱʵ
ڰ̻, ΣԵȷһЩ, ı, ڽ̻ʿάǵʵ˺ŮԳҲûץס
ֻҪûץסû֤Ҳ޷ҧ̻ᡣ
ںڰ̻Ͳһ, ֵļʼ, ֵĺҲء
ֻǡ̻ʿͬڳ˼İĬ
ĬϽȥıԴ֮һһ, һ, Ĭ, άֻ, Щ
ԼͬģĬҲ, ֻһֶ, ο
ʥŮ˺αð, ȡҲһġ
Ĭͼάǵͷ
άЦݲ䣬ͷжЧʸߣʧ˱Դ֮½֪ʱͻᷢ£ΪʥŮ, ôΪԼİΣͽǧΣ֮¡
һûʵ, ɰĬûŻ, һ˵ֻҪ͹̻ᵱ˺Ǿͱͬˣ
ɶ, Ͳ͸¶ԼܸӦʣ±Դ֮£̻濴ŹģʵϻǿΪ
ѡڰ̻ᣬʵΪԼҲ
ȵȣڰ̻᣿
Ĭ΢䣬ȻʥŮĶ֣Ϊʲôѡͺڰ̻
ʱֻҪ͸¶ʥŮ٣ģʣıԴ֮ģ
ԽԽÿУĬҲٷάǵ飬һжӣάǼ䡣
飬ˣάǺͰĬͷж
µʱ˲㣬άǹһαװǰصġ
ڽ̻ʵĸֶ£άǺͰĬһʧԭأλգֱ̻ʥʡ
ֻάûаԼȥʲôأǻعµòͻȻ˺ڰ̻ʴڶԱߡ
ŮĦĴڶ
ҿûڸǵ£ȻڹƾҪˡ
̻ʾǽ̻ʣ˶άǵʵµ֪ܿ£¶׳ĸԵŮҲ˳¡
ʲôǵʥŮ˴ˣ
ڶɣƺһա
άǲһףĬѾŵǣһ鱾Դ֮⡣
仰ɹĴڶһԾ˾ͳάǰһ׵ľ롣
֪Ϣɿ𣿻Ϣ𣿡ʿɼڶĵĲƽ
ڵ֪Ĭ˹̻ȥʥʱڶǲˬдŵǣϾǾϲƫܻܿӰһˡ
ƫƫ֪ϢʱѾˣܲȥʥؽˡ
άǴϢ뵽̽˵ĬʥغһֱûڶظоڡҲпӿꡣ
㲻ùϢֻҪ֪ϢɿС
άԴϴκʹڶҲ̯ƺ󣬶̬Ҳˡ
ڶȻͬǽ̻ʣά˵һֻǺһȴǰʦ̬ȵȻһ
ĬԴ֮
ڶдʣάûбҪƭϢҲû취ƭڵصǡôԴϢЧ󻯡
һȥұԴ֮ȰĬһ֣ȥŰĬðڰӪ
άûиڶ̫˼ʱͿռ䣬ֱ˾
ڶζؿάǣ롭᣿
άһΪʲôأ֪ǳûκιϵİĬҵǸ𣿡
ڶЦˣǾףǵʥŮ˳ɹ
λҲҪȽӴһ£ô˴Ѽһ
*
Ĭ˰ŵǺ˼ôͺڰ̻ĸ߲ߣϾβ֮ǰ͹̻ᣬĬĬġ
һע⶯̫󣬱̻̽ӽϢ߹̻ǣǰһж׷ˡ
û뵽ڸסһùݵĵһ죬Լڿһˡ
һֵϢ͸ˡ
Ǻڰ̻ʴڶ
ڰĬȻ;۲̬ķչ仯
άǵ˫ؼ֪ģԴ֮ʵڰŵǣںڰΧİճǡ
άǼʹȨڰŵŪҲûãǺúõʥŮȥɣԼ壬ٰӡסһоͽˡ
ΪʲôɱǰɲãǡΪˣҲͲˡ
ĬǺڰ̻ʴڶ롭ڶ¶һƵ΢Цǿúģ
ģû˻ᷢ¡ڶһ䡣
ĬҲһ΢ЦȻԣҵҡ
ͨСڣһԹ̻ԹʥŮıڵС
һЩΪ֪С˼ҲûѰĬƻпܱά֪άǸպÿ԰ðĬһЩҡԺƻɹҪ޾ҲҸ飿
άǺӦûйͬġ
⣬άǺͰһۣ䷽˸ۣ㣬治ҡ
άǡᡱһЦֻǰˡ
*
ݰĬǵļƻװάǸϵ˺½ϵһݵء
Ȼں£ҲҪԼһЩףôһתС
Сϳ˼СһЩܻβӦ½ĺ⣬ĻˣаҲࡣ
СҵⷱԼһЩϡŹֵС
ĬϢǱԴ֮ںصϷҲС
ΪĻ֮ˣάǵȻ֪ǱԴ֮밢ĬĵطȻʵҪԻ˷Ѻܶʱ䣬ҺܴҲ
ĬˣСۣάҲܲµֻҪġ
ԹǺ񣬱½ϵ壬ʵ٣ΪӰ죬󲿷ֺ½棬Ҳƽôʱ䡣
ӵġ
ԼϷУɳӵƲ⣬ֻ½ϵ
ܲ߷һ壬˲ܿܶ࣬ȻҪ߷ЩȽϵϸһѣҪһԵġ
£ܲסһ֡
ҷˣСάף
άһֻǿ󣬺ܿµػػ
ôܽףҷ˸ͨصķˡ
һЦάĪöЩ뿪жĶԻԷͼ
պͦĵģСάǰɡ
衭
άǵľܾûκãһ룬ǰͳһӰ
ĽֵϣͻȻôһˣҺû֣һ㶯û
Ȼؾվάǵߣô
ӣԭòЩ֮ǰͨϷʱֺÿ٣Ǹ۾һС
㡭ĺС
ά̲ס²ۣİԼȥĶҪһţôû¸
仰²άչðջάԼȥ԰Ĵ
һô
Ϸ©һֱڵģԼûз־ֻб˲֪ˣڶάǻôȤ
άǲ֪ʲôֶΣû˷ǵĴڣȻҲ±͵
ƫͷԱСһֺݰСʳάǺԥ£ԴֱĻ
ԣʡ

ԹһŽŶίӦ𣬡óԡ
άǣϱһǷܶǮ
Ϊԣ֮ͣ£ֻܡע⣬״̬޷ȫأױ֡

 88 

һ˵ж, ڶһάֻԼ̾Ĵ˺ü
Ѷڿռֻİమɱȥ, һ뵽, άǿƴͷ
ԼѾ˵ĺ˰ɣ
Ϊһ, Ƿ˼϶ԹȻǰԼߡ
Ҫչߵ
ȫҪ
Сάǣϲĸ
ָһԵ̯涼ñǻһЩбʯɵ, µҲʧҰȤ
άĿб, ɫġ
һ, ̯λɫƷǿάǵĿռ䡣
Сά, ĸ
·һ̯λ, , ǵǰάǸСռʱ߶ҪʲôϺ㣬ѧ˼г, պÿչ¶һЩ
ά, ƺ˼Լ, óԾС
ǣһ̯λϴһգ̯¶ҸЦݡ
ȥһҪӺú˵˵ϵĺ£˲òɫҡȵ, λʲôģȫǲˡ
Сά, ϲʲôˣһ, ֪ǲǱǰ˾裬άѿڶҰġ

άǵĸ׿϶λ, ǾǸĸףǡʼżŵάǼμиĸӺԸ
ġҲͨͨɣͦ˵㣬ͦ˵㣬϶ûԼÿġ
ԸĻܳάǣţǸʲôţĶţ
ԼȫһԸأЩѰˡ
ڻļ죬Ҳûţڴ½ְİŮץ˻
һŮ㵱ᡢ֪ʲôԸ
ĬƬ̣ĿûпŮƺûнƺڿʲô飬ʲô
Ůһ£ҪǻˣϲĲƸ֮ԺرʾǸһУҪĶ
һԲϾͻֻƴ֯ԣشĸСͣͿǡһָо
޸ƮðŮɿĿڣŶŶŶʱʱ̿һ𣬷ַ붼ȫȫԸΪһָо
ǧŮϲİŮһҲ˽ͺΪ飬ֱļᡣ
ǰ𣿽ôô֣
ȵȣŮͻȻһȻԺܵͣҲûа
û˻װһô˼飬óжϵ¡
ɼʹʲôŮҲұ¶ʲôһ߳ŭˣһĺѿ
ɯ˿ءƵҪ֪̫Ӵ
вɣǳluoвɣ
Ůǿſ־壬ȫſڵϣɯ˿Զҳ
ˣ֪ܿЦ⣬ɰŮȴһ˿и
˵˵ô֪һϲʲôˣ
ĵʣ⣬ŮĴԷɿתţ˼һ˼ַ
һһ£Ǿͱ˽棬Ҳɹõ˴𰸣ĳȴһҲġ
СάǵͺֱȻ෴뿿̫УһЩֶΣֱֻˣֶΣάǾԻƴ
Ҫֶθıάǵ⣬ô˼۲Ҳֻа˱ɵҸı⣬άǿܶؼҡ
ɯ˿˵һ˰飬ûǿԵġ
άǻȥǸܲܳɹȥҲ֪
㡭ʲô
ʶԼشάڽעתϣͿ¶һ˿ᡣ
ʲôΪѵ⣬ѵãѵסλУ
СάǣΪһ˶һЩ𣿡ƺҲòֱӽԼ׸άǡ
άЩﻹЩţ㲻Ұ㣬Ȼͷؼҵ뷨ɣ
תһ룬Ի·пܣ
ܣʹ氮һˣҲؼҡ
άնشü͡Ѱˡ
Ѱ졭ʲô
άǵֱڴΣգЩ¾Ҹתע˵ǲܵȥ𣿡
ճάǾͺ޲ôԼһӣʲô⣬һУѵҪԼǸСȥ
ǼֱǴģɱԳ
ѾʳڣάҲûתʱ¶һζЦݡ
УȻϿԣǴۻе󰡡
άǵ겻ģԭӡǲһҵĻ
ԽڣҲ޷ݵķ򣬸οΪ
ҪȻ͵ץ˻Լȥˣʵʵһһ֪ʲôʱήٵġżȻ
û£û£ðάæҡ֣ˣ㲻˺ܶຣȥ԰ɣպеˡ
תƵʵܽӲҲƽϣ˳ӦάǵĻ½ȥ
˼ػغг
*
Сĵڶ죬άºˣʵҪںжȻûģҪעľǲܹʹù֮
ֻһͨĹ̻ʦһƷܰͨں»Сʱҡ
άǺ˵˵ùݣû취ԼҪȥģҪԱ߾̫ˡ
׵磬άǰֻڵϿǰȥˮôǱ뺣׻ǵһΡ
հĬķάǡװһϸ̽ģʵڹ۲ΧһһҸʱ
ܿ죬άǾ͸ожԼɿжϣһֻδεĺ㡣
ڴʱλĹͣܶණʵ֮ǰ糤һֻֽзͬ
ʱͻеΥͣһдãǴűɫײģ
ܿ죬ˣ߼άһȥ;ͻ
Ȼû̽ʲôһһ㣬άȻҪġ
߶̽飬άǺܿƫԭλãյغԨԽԽ
ԨɲֻһȽĺʵżЩƣ֪ʲôţʼԪؾʮֻңԽԽܿԼ
ҿռųȵȶˣһ˽ȥǾʮʮʵǿ˵ϣҲߣĬǾάǽ
ûҲᱻһʱ䣬ʱ˵鶼䶨ˡ
õĻԨ̽飬̻û֤ô
ֻǣάǹԹԽȥҪһϡ
άǵʵǸںŮģֻ˲֪ǲҲ൱
ںףŮ͵ϮĻάǡΣӡ
ۿάҪԨԶһЩһԵĺˮͻȻ˲һѸٳάǣñܹάֱһѪܿˮȾȥ
ͬʱʲôʱȴڲ֪ؿʼɢ
λŮŵľ綾һοɶûάһ˿ȥĿܡ
άǲܶһˮһٽ˦˺Ԩ
ʥŮټˡ
Ůŵά߱ǰһ仰˺ŮҲάǵĻӦ
˵Ȼټġ
*
˳άǴԨŮʹڶϢʱֵطԼǰȻһӰ
ǰȴ˵òӦκϢ˵ʵ
ŮһӦӣǡǰӵ
ȻСάԼģ㻹ǰˣЩء
ɣҾһ£ģ۵ġ
ŶˣλܼסŶɫӣǼһﾹȻջСά˺ԨҪ֪Ԩ֮£ĵء
˵Ŀ־壬ھʹϮǰŮһͷǣȥάǵġ
һ죬Ƭ˾캣Хǡŭˣ
ͣУֻ¼ֵ

 89 

Ԩûкˮ, еֻ˿־ĺڰ
Ļ, ˳Ҫġ
άǱûԨ, Ͱ˵, ȺŮ˦ȥһ̣Ͱռ䡣
ɾڰʵʩƻǰһ룬άֹԼˤԨ
ܸоԼڼ׹, ȴûκη, ֻһ
ڵĶڲƻάǵ, ȴֱάһ޸, ߴﵽ΢ƽ, άǻܱѵͷԡ
֪˶, άǵ׹ʧоԼһ㱡Ĥ
һ, ·ůȪˮ, ʹõ
ԼҲڿ, ƶϣƺʵƺʲôûС
ˡ
һάǵͷȻԱ, Ȼ
ǰ, µ棿
λ˺ѵġ
Ǻڰ, µ治֪άû뵽Լλ
뻢Ѩɵûӣѡ, ˣʲô¾ֱ˵ɡ
ȫڸںڰ£ŮĻҲЩ}ûţãΨλϸڡ
һܳĹ¡
ĽһԼɣǰµѾ֪ˣҲڵ֮񡣡
ԼĹ񡣡
άһ𾪵ı飬Լʱģ侲˼仰ĺ塣
µȻʡȥ衣
񿪱磬˴½¡ѩȵȡȻҲ˳Ӧ˵ˡ
µ棬ĺѰˣµĹڰ
ֻҪ飬ȡñǵ񣬾ĸߵ֮һ
ǣһߡ
޳ܵذռ˹ͺڰλֲֶεҪȺԭˡ
˵һεʱ򣬰µѹŵŭ𣬡û취ҾȲ˰ˣҵʱôͶĲס
˺ѵİµõһᣬץסᣬɹΪ֮
ǱڰλܺõڸҲҲԼ
Ȼڰµ踺Ѱ⵹һʱԼˣ
ǣš
ֱҧгݣּһôܻţҾţҲûôɡ
µǧŭûôϨԼļƻֻǻһ
𿴹ǿɶߣµ治֪ǲǴһУһ˵˼ά϶Ҫøְ취ߡ
µûС
ɹضԴԼǰˣһЩ΢С飬һСġ
ʹԼصĳͷδãµ治ں
Ҫʱʧܣںڰй͵ʹ
ȻԲġ
Ҳ˵ͬˣ
֮ĻάǵСԴɿ֮ͨǰܶ벻׵ĶԭǰôһλڡС
ǣ֪𣿡µʵ
άǣԨ
µûάǵСĬǺԨʵڲһʥأ˴ʥأ
жƾճ֣Ҳڷһġ
ԣ⸽ûҲûǵ̸ΰ̸
άǾðµЩˣؿڣλ԰ɣ
µһҭ漴ƺ뵽ʲôֱΰĴɲЩ˵Ա߿Ϸء
ͦ˽İ
άӻûͲµݡ
ż͸¶ϢһĮӣǴͻҪԼһ磿
ά뵽ķҲֻиһжĴ
Ȼܶʱֵĸһ߸ϵĴ񡭡
֪ǴôάҪֻлؼңû취Ըǿ¾ġ
ĿġһԸǸߣֽа룬άǲ֪µ֪֪Ҳơ
ǹؼһµʱǺģǷɣ
ΪżҪ£µԸȻάǵ֮˺һ԰һеĻ֮

Ȼ뼴ʹֻʣл꣬µ治ĵ˵ǵҪĲлҲס
һעͻᱻѣⲻǰµҪĽֻкһ߳ܳ׻
԰µ淢άʱϲģάǵ֮
Ǹֻͨƽĺôļʶͼı
֮ǰһ£µȷάǡǼһһˡ
ֻĳߣµ滹Ҫάǵİʱʲô
ô㣿άʳؼ⡣
µĻէһûʲô⣬֮ҲûгԹǾһλıԶȻһ֮١
ʹڿͬһˣûϵάҲԼС̡
ߵһлڰĬϣһ߼Ҳ֪ģҪҪвлһʱ򡣡
µ˵ҪĬ壬ʱǲܷɢǾǵĺʱ
óµѾ滮ĺܺãֻҪһһڰʱ򳹵Ū
άȴûϴӦǼĵʵҵʵɱߣ
ǵѣԼʵм֣άпǴɡ
µʱȴЩɲˣģʱȻҲֻ֣ҪȫԸС
֤ɲ̫˰ġ
ŰµҲʱ֪ˣҲ˵
ܣһû˵˲ãάǲſڣɱԺأ
ΣµĬĻãգǿˣҡûرҵĶҲ˵뵱
άȻˣҪҲһǼ뱾Դ֮ʱһעġ
άᵽ˱Դ֮µ治˵һ䣬ҴδʲôԴ֮ҲҲһ
ʵ㻹רɱΪá
⻰һάҲ֤ԼĲ룬λ񰡣֮ԺԼ˵ô໰
ֻԼͰĬǱԴ֣֮ôȥأ
´ôõĻᣬ֪Ҫˡ
û뵽Լһ⻹˳Ƴ˵ļıļƻһݱϡ
ˡάҲٶʣû£Ҫ뿪ˡ
µҲάǶģܿһû֮ܳȥͳʧƺѾ뿪ˡ
άԭվ˺һû˵뿪
ǣĵģغһ֣
Сάô֪ģϣڰ˹⣬ҲΨһĹ⡣
Զ΢Цؿ
СάôѾ³ҵˡ
ά֣Ҵȥҵĵ֮ذɡ
Ҳ˿̵̫ᣬάԽ֡
ס΢ȴ
áĻش
ͣС

 90 

ٶȲ, άǵĸоУֻ߰˲ǰľ˲䡣
Ǽžĺڰ, ǹѤõ澰, άǺָо, ǵʲôʲôɫɵģÿһÿһ綼Ǽ£µµܡ
ЩǷľֻ, СάǲҪʱ䶢ſŶ, ᱻͬġ
ʳָĨάǵƤ, ۾˲˲, Ҳάǻع˵ֻǣš
, ȴյø, У, άǲܷſ, ᱻɵġ
һҪͬ, һҪɣνĵؿҲĺΣա
ûĴ죬Ǹİ, ǸղһΧת, ط൱ľ԰ȫ֮ء
, ȴԼˡ
ҵڴˡ
ָĳһʲôʱʶѾ֪ˡ
ֻǣǸʱġ
ûл, ûлľеֻǺڰ͹¶ȻʱǲʲôкڰҲ¶ġ
ֻǿţһֱţȻиоԼҪʲôʵϲҪʲô
ֱհ׵һ꣬İ롣
ǸլУϲ磬ϲħϲŷʽˡ
Ӱ£硣
տʼȷܰӰ죬棬ѾԼݻԼĵ·
ڷĸһһҲΪռ֣ǿ˳ͬʱ˹ͺڰ൱֮
ģ۹̻ᡢˣ֮Ҳֻаһˣֻûаĺ
ֻΪߣ˹ͣԻһڶ䣬˸ֿܡ
ڰ룬ı仯󣬴һΨΨŵŵլбΪʮƸȨǸɫܹ
Щʱˣᷳ
ֱһ죬̻һλʥŮͬҲ֮ꡣ
ȻͰûʲôһ磬Ǹ磬ǺڰʥŮһλջ˺ڰʥŮ
ƾֶ߳Σܿ롰ͨҲ˽һֹ¡
λʥŮҰĿɲСĻ˵ֻ˲ռ
ȻԴ֮ԱǡȤǡȴġ
Ҳ£ֻȱһһ֮֮ϵ㲻
Ҫ࣬ҪȡλãҪΪҲΨһס
ֻǵ͹³ǡ򵹲ɢ
λʥŮܺĵءϴȥļ䣬Ϊ˿й֮ȴûƥǻ۵ļ
ʱһͱ׼ˡ
žˡ
˵Щµʱƽƽؾ˵˵£Сάǻʲôʵ𣿡
άǵһȥ棬ǰЩ϶ϢƴճȻȲ档
㡭
һֿͷά΢ţȴջǱˣҪʲô
ѹ
˽⣬Щ壬Ϊ
һʲô
Ǿͱ˵ʵάǻЩ档
ЩʧЦάǵ뷨ܲµʮ֮jiuΪֿɰС˼Ҳ˳һ¡
һһС
㿴䡣־ٵάǰȻ󻺻ſ
һСƵصСάǰ
ǲǺܿɰڿСάǺѽ
άЩ仨ˣһС
ֻЩĸ̵Ȼ˵ⲻһѧ磬ûϸݻ̡
һĵһ仨άǵĿ⻹ǴźŨĺĵģ´˺üۡ
ǵһ𣿡
άֺ棬Ǵ󲿷ֹżмص飬ҲС˵Ǿ壬ûжۡ
ҡҡͷǣ塣
˰һ壬˳Ҳ˼ˣֻûá
һӴҵ񻹲̫˰ֻһǣ⣬һ⣬ûȫ
ȻڰĽ´Ƥǿ塣
Ŷάһѧ֪ʶӣɲ൱ǰԼ̹ΪԽݱʷ
ԣСάǻȥ𣿡
ôһôģάǸ˼·Ĵֻһ룬ұ룡
˲ɥСά顣²һĳˡ
ĳŮ˶Դ˺ıʾǳȥɣҪȥŬͽˡ

ڰֱŤĳĲ鲻ԸĴһָ˾ͻصùݣԼһɿˡ
ǺŮǿ϶ΪҵԨˣ֪˫ݣס
άڷⲽдʣ¸߰Ĭ˵ļʲɡ
Ͼ˵и£ĬڰֻǸܣȫûҪһ˵Щ¡
άǲڱʲô£Ҳ޷ǾΪ˱Դ֮롭õеıԴ֮
ƫƫάǾͶԱԴ֮Ȥͣ½Ųʱ䣬պÿԷչƼ̡
ôţάǻִţһ䰲ŵѾȫӡ
Ůһרĸҵ˾Ϻȵġ

άôȲҪؼҵ̬ġ
ͻȻάӵ㡰Ѷȡһ֣СάǾһ
ֲάԼ
̾ҵôˣĿ⿴ſڣͷѿӰ
Ҳ˲ʧڷڣЩ꣬Ҫȥйһ¡
*
Сϵĺ٣ҴǳĴޣǻѶ˺ü
άٴǱ뵽ףûԼһֻСࡣ
ѽʲôѽһС˹󻹸żС顣
άһһԲԲķĶ̲ס˹
ǺأľǺࡣ
½³ߣһѽάǽƵ˵Сඥȥ
ڹУ򷢳ɫÿĹâ˲Ŀ⣬ΪطΧڣֹⲻˡ
кû֮ǰǽֹصģάҪʵҲܳ⡣
츳ֻһͷסԱߵС鶥ȥһȺСһܿ컶
½ԭ߰С޵ͯмߣǸɵ³䡣
Сܿõǵϲ˳½Ҳ˺档
ǰһпƼ̵ĵطģǿƼ֮񡣡
Ƽ֮˵ڰ񣬲ûк
ǿƼ̻ʲô𣿡
а

編ƣάȥ˼ڶĴ¿Ƽ̵ĸ
ͬʱСҲʼֿƼ̵С⣬զһƺֻһС̡
άǣҲֻԣܹһһܹʮ׬ˡ
ĬҵűԴ֮ϾҪˡ
һ죬һֱڼӰĬǱߵ
ǿ죬û£Ҳ׼ˡάǰǡ
ԤУԼҲܻܿؼˡ
ɣͣ޷Žԣϲֵ齨鲻Ҫ񡣡

 91 

Ĭ鲻, ڵ֪ʥŮɹȻϧôһȴ˻谵ɼյĺףĻǿġ
ҪǶһ޶, ûκ˿Ժ
ƹ̻Ǳ߻û, ȡıԴ֮, ֱӻʥҪǿűԼıԴ֮
ʱ̻ҲҲһ߿űԴ֮У½˾Ĭˣ
һ뵽, ĬǶ̲סＸ, ŲҲɿһ㡣
ǱڰĬİ, Ҳһ㡣
άǿ϶ûôױ, ҲıŰĬıԴ֮, ض˵ͬ㡣
ȰĬҵűԴ֮ʥʱ, , һܴĬһֲ
ôһ, ˫ʥؽֵĿԺܴ, ͿԳụ̂ɵ
һҲԼܲܶɹҲ᲻;֡
ôõ˽⣬ֻҪԼûвȵĵ, ʲô
и֪ǲǴ߶еë, ˶ǿϵ̬, һôʲô
ϵ˵ֻһС֣Լô֮˵ʵҲ֪ЩȷԼĴ, ɲ˵һ֡
ҪԼҪȡҲʲô
Ҳ̬ðܹڣѧˣûʮǰȥӲӲ
Ⱥúõ½ָ֮Լ۷ʱڣ˵ǱԴ֮Ҳܸһϲ
˼ļһܿ˺˳˵ǵĺŮ
һǵˣֻɫƺЩ԰ס
ǵľ𣿹ȻһģءûȰĬȿʺãŮȲĺ촽밢ĬĴһָ롣
ĬܸоŮصһ˿˿ıӣû̵Сɼӿ˼֡
ŮʲôʵȻһкЦ⣬źŰĬ˼ȦȦСܵܣɰ
촽ӡڰĬǣҪͽ𣿡
luo룬Ů簢Ĭ֪Ҳ֪ڶ࣬ЩİĬԼǿŮŮӵġ
һͻȻŮҲԼ˴½֮Ҳ⺣ŮΣֻڻҪ
ˣ㲻ȵȵȵܵܣȥ¡ĬаЦһѺŮϸluo¶ܿġ
ŮЦһȻӴӰĬŲ߷Ǳ˵ǽڹŶ
һѷֵĳ֪ĻΪʲôͶϵС£˭뵽⻹˵һμ档
ĬҲӦһȲԼӦķȥʱ䣬ԼΪڱԴָ֮н
ϢܿͳںŮĸӦУŮЦҲתͷȥֻӰ£ɫԵø
ʵһͷԼˣ˭˵ȴһӡûУôܲ˿ֲ
άǶˣϸһάҪʵҲô򵥵ı¶Ǿһδ֪ĵڶ
Ůһ뵽⣬ոǰĬ˲£Ҫǿ߱°Ĭʵ
ѡ֮ӣпܳΪ½֮ˣá
ֻϧʵڲθڣòҲһ㣬ҿǡҪǡ
ǺŮˣᡣ
벻ôĬЩ»Ҫ˵һ£С˷Լһߺ塣
ˣûΣǣưάǵĹû˵ô˳
Ĭ⣬ڹ¶Ҳ벩һϧɣŮС˼
⻰˵ð붼Զԣ˵ʲôҲ˷ѿ࣬ôôһ
ֱھ壬Զ죬Ѿѧ͵İֻǰ˵
*
άǱعµģص˺ڰ̻ᣬֱȥ˴ڶ
ûٸʲôֵ£ļ
ĸ̻ʣҪЩµģ˫üԿЩ䡣
ӦάǹҲֻǶ࿴һۣȻЩˬؽеļһ˦ݺݵĵһ䣬񣡡
άָһļ͵Уִһ֪ڶΪʲôˡ
ֻôˣα
ļдһƽƶ͵͵뿪˺ڰ̻ȥ˹̻ᣬﲻֹƼ̵Ķ
ùĺöòԸһֱ֮ǰôܣ
Щ˵ҲѲᶨδڶµֻǼǵѱ䣬Ҫ˵ȥˣҲá
ҪͽֱӸɱۣڶ
һֽѹֵա
һЦάǵЦܿգֻС£ʲôģ
άǵĻôڶעȫеϣάǻл
Ȼάּ˵ȥֻҪ˹̻ᣬЩ˲һ
˹̻᣿
仰ſڶ۾һУٻӣάʲôҪ˵
άҲûйڶǹʥŮʧٸѾ̻ʱ֪£ڷôһֲ
⻰еɶһ̻ôĴ˵һʥŮʧȻҪҲûԪ˵ĵز
ڷ¶Ժڰ̻ʧҲ٣Ǹʱ
άҪ˵ĺ飿
ڶŵϰǰһЩҲǸʱ
άǣ̻ʴ˱𼱣˵꣬ҵڲϡ
ĬҵűԴ֮ѣȻԼҪ˲˷Ĳ𣿡
άǵ뷨ڰĬȥʥغͽʥŮʧ֮±ʱ̻ʿ϶ʰĬ
Ȼǳô˻밢ĬӦϣֱɱʥأ̻һ򾡡
һҪ㶨һЩСආֻҲ
ҲΪ˺ڰ̻ã˭֪ǾΪ½֮ǷԸ⿴Ǻڰ̻һ̶󡣡
ֻΪǿǰĬҲ˵ʲôҵʱҲٶǡ
λôڶ⶯ȷϣϻȶ֣ʱѳɶ֣ʹǾҲҪɵڰ̻ᣬǴѺùʶ
ʲôͲµ
ڶΪλ߶꣬ɲò˾׳󣬵ֲΣжϹϵûƾϲãǸ࿴ء
ʱֻ̻Ҫǣƹ̻ʣ̻ԻḺ𡣡
û˹ʥŮάȻڳЩʲôģôάǶ
ʱĬҲվߣϾʥŮ¿һıģοǺڰ̻Ҳвôһ롭ʤܴ
ʱ˺ͣƺһȫȫڶ뵽֮ǰǸԤԣؿǰάһۣʱȻô͵
̻ʴˣ֪Ǻ𣿡
άȻʾ䣬ȴʮƶŴڶȷѡ
Ȼ
ڶЦؿάǣȻôõĻᡣ
ԸڰĹƬ½
ͣС

 92 

άǵһһ, ȻǹעŵģҲеʲô
ֻǡ
ڰеĲƿͨͨɳȴʱʱ̶̿, ٶ, ò˶þͻװ
ʱάǡҲǸɡ
һ, һУһЩ, ÿһҳһֻ֮꣬ǰЩҳѾȫҵ, ֻάҳ, 
ǰʱ, ݼ¼Ͷˡ
ԼҪϵġ
֪ϲֵѾ𣿡
ϳһ֣ʻȻ֮飬Ҳǻ۵ġ
ҼǵѾˡü΢, ϲŴĦ˼Υ
ûл, ָһ֡
ݿ, һܸӦС
㲻֪𣿡
شһĮ, 漴֮ﾹȻ˽ɫҺ壬·˵ѪҺ
, 쵰
ⱲӾһ˹ɣ
أȻֱʧ, صס֮һʥǾ޴ϡ
Ϊ飬еʵ֮Ҳ۾΢, ƺ˼ʲô⡣
ԼĲЩѾԣǣʲôǰأ
һߣĬҵűԴ֮Ĺ̺˳˼칦ƾԽԽǿĸӦʱҵԼҪĶ
űԴ֮Ĭóţ״һ̯ǰ
Ǻ޲ȻҪ߿𣿡
ţĬʰ룬ʾҲܸ㣬Ȼ֪
ĬҲΣ뷨ۣŰȻǺ΢ЦˣֱȥʥذɣЩȲˡ
Ȼ֮ǰӦŮȥڰĬֻõȫıԴ֮ŮԼǿʲôûС
ǺڰʥŮ
ЩϧǹʥŮ浱һĶˣŮģĬϲάָ߹ʥġ
˿̣һֱʥ͵λգѾĬȫԺ
Ǿ߰ɡ
Ѿ׼һάǷԼôɣһ뵽ԼϾӵ壬ʹҲ̲סһ֡
ǣڹʥصĽ̻ʺܿӭ˰Ĭڴͥ£ƺԼˡ
̻ʴˣհ
һʺǰĬû񣬡ͦɣ
λ̺ͽ̻ʶڣɫЩ࣬ĬҲûкת
ĬЩ£ȡ̻ȿڡ
ֻǰĬô̻ʱ䣬ﴽһЦҲ̻ʴ˵ʱ䣬ֻҪ߿űԴ֮ҾС
Ͼһˡ
仰ý̻һݣҵںıԴ֮ǵʥŮ
ʱϣĬɻؿˣʥŮûϵ𣿡
ȡڰ̻ǱǿűԴ֮Ҿ͸оںǿŻڣԾҲȥȡ
ٹһ˿Ժû뵽ֱҵˣĻֻһţǿϵʥŮˣɡ
Ĭÿ˵һ䣬һ֣ƺͰĬûϵֲǸ³¯Сӣάǵĳ¾ԺǰһѲ˸ϵ
¶֮ĸӦҲϵάǣġԶڸܾάǱ
зЩҲάֲɵӣȥЩյأܾǱ˱ƽȥˡ
ںҲֻкŮʵͬкҪǳ䲻ⷢпܡ
ңŮڰ̻ʻֹϵĬָոպȥ˺ڰ̻Χڣ˵⼸֮ǰûϵ˭ţ
治̶ôʱ䣬Ͱѱϵµİjiuʮ
ɶ񣬶Ǵˣû뵽ԼĬ굽ӣǲԼŮС
̻ʴˣ֪㿼Ǻ𣿡
ĬߴٵʥŮĻʱܱһпɼǧǲҪ˷ʱ䣬ѶΪ
ֱЦĬˡ
ѡڰ̻ᣬѹʥŮ浽ĳЩʱ̣Ϊ̻ôǰ׻ġ
ĬȻһɺ˰벽عЩգ̻Ȼ֪ô
ֺαغԺϵڰ̻ǣһɺڰͻȻʥը
ĬҲһ˲ôôɣ磬Էȳˣ
£ĬҲЩԾа룬ȳֱӽǿűԴ֮͹άͻȻָ۶ӡ
ôڰ̻ŪˣάǾʲô
ѵϲڰ̻ᣬúڰ̻ưԴ½

üܴﵽҲֻˣû뵽ڶá
죬¿²ˡ
Ҳǹ֮ˣ˲Уʥܱҫ۵ĹڶȻˣֺαضزأ
ʥֱӱ¶ڰУĺҲ쳹Ƭա
ʱʥظպ˹ǸͻȻôһһµĹƽҲ׷׷е¡
ЩСĸǶӣֻҴӴ
ɲ˾һűԴ֮ô½Σ˰
ڶ׼øֶһһ𣬴½ܶطϿվͳһ޴ġͶӰؿʥϷ鲢
ЩͲһСĿܳװܻ̻Ҳһ¡
ģʱĺҪϴܹ̻ʲôãҪαߵߡ
ԣڵǣ½а˳˱һЩڰµҲ֮¡
˶ԤУ½Ҫˣ̻ͺڰ̻ݺƽ˼꣬վǱˡ
ֻβһǣ滹һλ֪ⳡսʲôӰ졣
ڶƭĬ½սֱĿ
һʼڱλҲ˿¶ӣһҪܵŤת档
⻰ĴڶЦƭˣֻҲ˵ڣ
ǹ̻ͼЮ־ǿжһűԴ֮þֻȡ
۵ߵڰףܵϽ̻ʵһǺ֣Ҫôȥ֪Ҫʲôʱ
ĬܵעԼϵĿ⣬ҲʱԼѡֱǰһ̻֣̻ʣɷҵıԴ֮ҡ
»Ȼ˼ǹ̻ǱԴ֮
⡭⡭
Щͨһʱ֪ʲôӦֻ۾ҲգһµضϿա
ʱҲˡ
ôʱ򣬹ʥŮͺڰʥŮһûأ
ôʱ򣬿˲һӰм䡣
ò·ǺڰʥŮάǡ
߳ˣһάȴûڴĳ֡
ңڰʥŮվλôЩ֣
Ӧúͺڰ̻վһ
ôƫƫôɵվм䡣
άǣڶҲ㣬ͷɲһ˿֮С
άȴûڰ̻ʵĺǳ֣磬ǿűԴ֮ңϴº͵Ц⣬ǲһλڰͽ͹ʥŮôһơ
Σڰ߹һλ̲סʱѾв뵽ǸԤԣǵʥŮδվںڰ̻Ǳߡ
ôǹ̻ᴦƣѵĻᱻ̣
άûκʾָֻһһ״ʹһҪάС
ôܣӪ̻ʶ𾪵ģڰʥŮʲôʵôֱӴӽ̻һ谭ûõԴ֮
Ȼûаչ켣άУת˸䣬ֱ˰ĬС
ҵĶ˿ɲ
ĬάչһЦЦݲͬΣһλ֮˵Ц
ϣάҲһ΢Цһϵģ㵹ù΢Ц
С

 93 

鵽һ, Ҳݲð룬ոάǳֵһ̣ͺֱ˰Ĭꡣ
ȻǱĬάõȫıԴ֮³ʲô, ǹؼһΡ
ҰҲ֪ʱѾǰԼĲлȫ, Ѵ֮õ塣
Ͼ֮ĬճӤû˿ֿ֮
һͻȻʧҲͻȻˣ֪ǰһʲô
ȻҲ԰в֮, ȴδԼڰô¶֪ˡ
벻ϻ߿űԴֱֺ֮óűԴ֮ȫſ
˴˿̶ס˺, ȻҲûһ뵽ҪȥƺѾĬǰĬĶ, Ҳûãոյάһ
ĳôҲxس, ƴ֣ٲҲ߿űԴ֮ҫ۵Ĺâ, õµ
ǣ߿ʵʵſ󣬳˷һĹâ, ûκζ
ģǰ׵ģģڳЩ, ½עͬЩ
ʱƺάǸոĨЦݣһ룬ʧԭء
ϧˣ
뱻һŨסƫƫڸնᣬֻʣһ㣬ôܵй
þûġԴ֮ƺ˶ά˫һӣ߿״Ķֱӷɽ˰塣
֮ӿ뷢Ĳҽ
££棡
Դ˭һӾ֪ˣµ澹ȻάˣһﾹȻˣ
ȫһס
һһӰͻȻ֣ʮᣬҲڸʡ
ڰеˣάǡĬǸˣȻԾȥ̻ǡ
ǡǡ
ʹڶˣϢڸ˵ķӦ뵽ֻһ𰸡

ôأ½ϵս֮ǰ̻Ҳһβ㱻𣬻׳˴Ʒùһ͡
ǲ֮Ǵ½ǧĬϵĹء
ôͻȻһ
ҿӣǺάֶԸĬ
ҪԳֶһҪ˵ⰢĬʲô
鷢չ̫죬Ѿϣ˵Ҳûãֵܲĵط
άͬʱ֮ͼ꣬µð޴ӵòκ
Ҳ֪ʲôֶΣȻð롰Եġһܡ
Ҫʮ룡
ڴάǾ֪Ϊʲôô˵µΪʲôҪˡ
ʹǲл֮꣬ҲԶԶ̺ķĲлʮּ̡
Ҫл֮ǺѷֽⲢɱġ
µּӴöŰĬİĿġ
ҪɹôЩһ
ء£ŸУ࣡
һģҿԷģҲ˺㣡
ڰ뺰ԼʵֵʱάǵʵǶһµģЩϢȷţ벻磬ʶ
ôɲ
άеûмûͣ£עŰ룬ҡҡͷҲʶ㣬Ҳ㡣
һսԶȡˣάǲ֪ʱҪõġ
㣡ͲҰ˵𣿡ղУȻҪʼƣάܣͲᡭ
ֻǣ뻹ǵ͹άǣ⣬һνЩ¡
άֲ磬ʲôµģ˵ɣνҪؼҵġ
񲻴κλңƺĲ¡
ؼң㾹Ȼؼң
벻άǵĻô˵õôǿĵλصǸ磿
Ǹ磬άǼʹٳɫҲֻͨеĳɫôȵ
άװģҲˣҵģ
Ѿȥʮ룬ܸоԼ꿪ʼҡ
ʱһˮһԼԲģԲᣡ
ǵġ仰ոտ˸ͷʧˣ⵱Ȼǰķ֡
˵ôڣֻܿŵ죬ûκͺ񡭡˽ƣ޷˵ܡ
ֶΣֻС
֣ҲͬʧڿУû˭Ҳֱ֣Դء
ǣֵĸоܲܰɡµ˵ֺĵڶ仰ҵӣǰδеĳ죡
㡢Ϊʲô
벻ͨµЩǵʱûбԼðΣհ˳
ΪʲôҪˣȴ
µɭȻһЦʺ˫ͫΧĶ
ʹɻȥɣ
ӵּӴðĬѾɰҰɫʹѣҲ塣
ҪĻǲлꡣ
ʮ룡
Ҳ֪Լٲƴ³ֻһ
֮ǰô໰аһֱһУڱҪֻҪһ϶ӳȥĻᡣ
ǣ
׹ӿѹɫάǵѹҲûк˵Ļᡣ
µܷŹ룬ؿڴһŻɫĲ״壬ӣ
Ϊһ̣˶׼ϧһдۣҪɱ룡
Ĳлһ٣׹Ҳ·ܵѹƣۿɼ˻ȥ
㾹ȻҲҪˣ
û뵽µôݣң⻹ûꡣ
ڸܵȥ󣬳ô˿µֱһҧ
һڽɫѪ
һҽУڳ˶ѾƵй¶һ˿ನɡ
ʮʵĸһգ۵Ĺԡ
϶һ޶ĶˣҲ¾ȴһˣµҲ֪ʲôֽţȻ֮Ա
һʧȥݣ֮ںܳһʱӦöµ۳
Ȼݣ
ЧҲԵģµôһϣʱֻʣ롣
ĲлѾԵƣάܸоǿʱĸо
һĹӱһ飬ֱһʲôҲʣ¡
ʱ򣬰Ҳ֪ԼȥĿܼΪ㣬ȻˣҪᣬЩˣȫͨͨȥɣ
ʧȥİµʵѾ½ˣֻŲ֪ķţܵǰķˣһҲ⡣
Щ˵͵һ԰µ˵ֻһûʲôάǡ
˷ˣһһ˿ѵļô죿
ֻڻҪάǵİµӲϳһάڵλãʵıá
һǺѣʱ߿϶Ѿˡ
άǵȻҲ㣬µȫûо˵˼
Уάǰ첻
ƫƫԼڻƻ꣬ôֻʣһ취ˣ
ڶǴűܵġ
ңǣ
֮ͨͺڰ֮ͬʱάǵĲͷɳ˲ŵĿУһһ׵ĹâסǺʥء
ͬһʱ䣬롭Աˣ

 94 

ʹѾʱ, ǿԱƬռ䶼Ϊ֮Ť
Щطѷ죬ƺһͻѣ֮ǰ, һص޸Щ
ò£ֻ϶ĳ۲
άǴӸոհ뽲Լȴû취˵ʱ뵽㡣
λ, ޴ڵġ
֮Ǽµİ֮ͺڰ֮ΪĹ, ըȥԶСصάϡ
ԭڵĵطһƬտ, ʲôû¡
ϵ֮ôڶ̶һֶӵʱ硣
֪ǰ᲻ỳǰӣ
άƽҲ˸Ƕӡ
֡ƺ
ϧ, ǰûн, ԺҲнάǵ˫ֶһ
µ滹άŸոյĶһڵӿɱάǲҶˡ
һҲһǸ, , Ҳȷͳ, һ
µӦǴ½ʷϵһԼԼĺ˰ɡ

ͻأЦƽµŵЦ, Ц˶鴤һ㡣
û˸ȥ, Ҳûȥ
ô̶̼ӵʱ䣬Ϣ󵽿ֲѾȫסûع
ٻعļҲԼĲ²⣬ûһȿڡ
, ԭ𣿡
Ц֮󣬰µᵽֻԱߵάǲ
, ʧˡ
ڵİµҲزȥȥάи²⡣
żȻǿĽ֣µôҲӦнȥķӡ
ϾŰˡ
µȥάǳ˳ϵĽ㣬һֱߵĹ̻
ʦӦѾµˡ
ǰάó֮ҲƭԼ
ڹʥŮάǵǲϺڰʥŮΪġ
Ϊʲôάǻ֮
ԭܺò²
άǾάǡ
ʥŮǺڰʥŮ
ܣ
ôܣ
ǴڶͬҲӦǣôͿ£
ûʲôܵġ
ά΢ЦɨܣҲĻµǸõؿò
ҾάǣʼֻһάǣʥŮңڰʥŮҲҡ
仰һ½ƺһļž˵ոջ˲λ̻ΪʲôķӦ
ڣ仰£Ҳˡ
ǣǺʹڶһԺֻһ仰ڷˢ
⣬ôܣ
ƺ˵άǹ𴽽ǣһص
Ͼͺڰˣʲôܵġ
ԡ
֮Ҷѵ
ħŮһӹ̻дŵĻһ
ϧά˺ܶҲᱻһ˵ڻûάһ֮ڣʧӰ١
ģάǡ
ʹڶͬʱվֱ˭ɱǣ
˵ͽǲţ˸ǲţԸάʲôֶλҲԸԸţ
ƭӣ֮ǰԹΪᣡ⼤ԴںڰӪض
䣬Ҳ
ԣߣ϶ƭˣ
ɱɱԻڵħŮ
ɱЩı

ŭž˵άڵǹӪĻǺڰӪĶһߵģƺֻҪɱάһоûз
άҿۣȽˣԵʮְλ̻ʣǡ˵ǳʥŮ⣬ӽˡ
ó̻ʷȰɡ
άǵڣ˲֪𣿡
ҲţӵĻһˮ
άǡ
ڳάǵֺҲ֪˵ʲôڶߡ
һ̣˾Ȼһϧı߸о
Ƕ˵ӣҲ˽άˣϿЦҲܿЦ
ҸոշЩ£Ѿ߸ǳ֪
ڶЩ뵱ˣ̻ˣֻصڰ̻ȥ
ǣа
ô˵棬һ˾ǳά˵֮£Ǻڰ̻ᣬܴ
ʱڶҲӦάҪôˣȫ½ͶӰʲôĿˡ
λ̻ԥʱάѾóʥŮķȣһһףһһң·άࡣ
˿涼ͷһֻýʵ̫ãԽܡ
óȵؿһάǣûж˵һ֡
Ǵڶ
ĸȨķ֣൱ļ
άֱַڰ֮ȣһٶƤһ
һˣôͬʱӵֽȻ෴أ
ʹڶҲͬʱڰ׹âĸȻУμķֳ
ʥŮ͹̻ʵķȶ϶Ƕʯഥһ̣ȻһڷȵϷ
ϸʲôںڵĶһߣڰҲһ
άǽ˫̯ŹʶһֱάϷ
ʧȥõķصǸ˵
񣬰õܳΪ񡣡
˵仰ʱάеĹҲɢ¶е塣
жһɫ壬ڰպ෴
ǲ£ʲôά۾΢䣬ȴǶԸղŽҪɱ˵ġ
Щ۾һգҲգضάеĶȴûһٳͷ˵
񡣡
ڰ񡣡
شʹڶǵʵѾ칻ǵȻһӾϳάеĶ
λǷ仹
ͺڰ䣬֮ǰֻΪ֡
ȻʵҲ䣬Ͼλ֮ǰĹͺڰ񣬸ûãֻЩͲҪЩ˵ˡ
˵Ǿ䣬άǽֿ⵭̻ᣬҲʧˡ
ǵԤĻ棬Ȼķǰ˶´ǰ
Ȼڰ̻Ҳһ
ûıӣĺܺá
άµ飬½˻࿴Աߵˣ۵ʮã
Ȼ䡭
ͷӣҡ
Ҳ֪̫ţҲ֪
ѳΪǵϰߣҪϰߴƣҵĵһӦǲ֪롣
Ƚϣ˺СԴ˵ķӦͺöˡ
ûϵֻҪսڹĲҲͦ𣿡
һλڰοӣ㿴³ķ֯׬ҲˣֻҪһ˶úõģЩ¾ûϵ
ֹסͷɷĻһֻֻ§סǲĺӣƺڴϼȡ
·ڸ䣬Ͼͺڰ̻Ľͽռ˴½˿еĴ롣
㣡㾿ʲô
ȻǾµ
Ѿعλͬʱһ仰ڳͲڳļλ۾һ
񣡶һǹͺڰ
ΪĻᰡ
ѹֵ˱仯˿άǵ񰵲ŨṴ̃
ǡ
ԴˣάһҲûʲôһǿǽ١
˲ڵأɪɪ᲻һ˿
ҲЩȥǵ
𣿡

 95 

ŵĻ, ŵҪǻ˽϶ҪȺŹġ
ϧ, ЩȺŹ򲻹άǡ
ѹһı鶼, ˵
ҼȻ˵, Ϊɵ𣿡άǳ
رǸո, һıȱ˶ˡ
ǾұߵʶǰλŮѾȫһΣѹָҵô˵¡
ά, Ҫ½֮𣿡
̻úվԭ, άǵѹƹܿĿֲͲٿصľ׼
ǰŮ, һСŮģŶӡ
Ϊ츳ڣԴ̻һ̨ףôҲû뵽ķչ
ȫݲԼڵ, űĳһڶ˵ҪͶҪӰɡ
λԼʦ, άǻص, ҡҡͷûȤ
ƺҲ𰸣ǿƼ̺йϵ𣿡
һάƲʥŮݿ֮ǰЩҲ˲ͬĿ
֪Ϊʲô, һ뵽ľǿƼ̣ǸҲԥĽ̻ᡣ
άûҡͷҴġ
˻
½ϲ˵һ, ˼ԺҪſƼ̶ǹڰ
Ƽ̵ĶܺðһҲǲС
԰Һ˵͵͵أǰôûԭڡ

ڼУάǵʵȻѾҪ½̺Ҳ
Ϊ֮ǰ̵棬Ƽڵײӡ󻹺ܲ
в͵͵ſƼ̣һǰ;Զӣҡ
ˡ
һֱͦεһƺЩʵҲãһֱϣܸıƽƶ͵λ
άڣԸӦҲʵֻ֣м갡
Ƽ̣⡭⡭
ֻᷢһЩûõĶôܴ̣
˼̶ѣӰ첻㣬ɡ

Ƿ˹ǹĶԻȻҲάǺܽҶάӻеļ仰
ԽʱҲעʲô
ңⲻСֹ뷨ڴ󲿷ֹУȲ档
Ҫһάǿ˳˵Ҫʲộۼͬܿܡ
վڰеάɨ棬ֿģͻȻ·Ὺڣƿ𣿡
Ŀȫ̵
Ǹ̻ȻάǵͷشƿɳӾۿɼٶȿС
ͻһ벻λãȷ䣬άһҶ󣬲ǱͶԿƼкøеǻǼʹĹǣƿӼװ
Ҳûй涨˵ҳϳ̶ȣʹԭĹڰ̻ᣬȫĶ׸ĴͽҲǼ
ͨ˰
άûиƿֱӳάǵǰƿֻһ롣
ٶȣܿװ
άҲ˵;ضǰƿӣȻһͷˮͬҲ廰ͻȻֵƿӡ
ɳԽԽ࣬ܿ͡ˡ
һ̣άЦˣܿĵЦҳɹ˰ɣ
ǣӮˡ
ջûжκֽţάӮϷҲ˵Ҫȥķ
ΪάǶºܼɵһ̾ͻȲѯάǲûС
ƿӣ¿ʦƼ̣Ҳͺڰ
άһʼǴ⣬粻Ҫٶʲô½̣Ҫıƽƶĵλֻǲڹ壬ʵǿ
ʵָвƸ±ȵȷ档
ϷȻѾɣάǲҪٿǿƼ̣ҲҪ̡
ǰЩʲô̺ڰ̲ҪڵжҪ棬̴ôãһʧġ
Ƽ̵ĶܺãģһλʦĳɹȥЩߵҶṫ
ʲô˼ʲô˼
ʲô
Ȼ׬Ĳ࣬ôܹأ

άǵĻôԻˣ׳½̣Ҫ½Ķ޳̸ң
λĪǡˡ
½Ĺȥ𣿡
һеɻάʵ
ȻС
˵һӦǷ仰տʼ־뵽˵άǣǲ
Ӳѻ˻ȥֻܿ뷨뷨һĿҲ
ǰôܲأ
գƸ谮顭ЩǣΰĶͰ
άûкܴ⣬ǧĹȻһһϦܸıģҲֻһʡ
ʵҲûϵһǻ£ûаԵΪԼҲš
άģֻ͹ȨôƽƶĿռ䣬лıϡ
ûϵŲʲôǵɣֻǣ
ά𣬲н̻Ĵڡ
ŽɣĸĸҲȨ
⻰һڰи߲ˣ磬ȨԶԶڻȨġ
ܶǿ̻ɫ£رǹ̺ͺڰĴ̣ǿС
ҪȻЩҲᱬôս˵ײ
ҳ˹ڰ̻ᣬС̣ʮַɢûй̶ΧӦȨ塢塢ЩҲиغԤȨ
Եľ̡
̻෴Щ壬һǲҲ̻ܽѹƣȨǰ϶Ǵ˵ġ
ȻϵЦݸոո֣άֿˡ
͹ҲͬʧȥȨƸ廹Դ塣
¡
ûüЦ仰ǿдϣϵЦݸǽϡ
ԴʲôҪǮҲҪȨ
⣬˭°
԰ôһŪ½ǵҲɣ
ͣǣ

Ǵ棬һ̣ǺͽͽҲѵıţЩάǵǿʵ
ǿʧȥȨʲô塣
ά΢ȴûκħʦȨ׼ֻռһɶ㣬Ļƽƶ
Ȼ˳ȻҲӦķľԼĳЩҵľ顣
Ȩ߾֮
տʼʵʩ϶кܶѺͲ֮Ҳиô
ܸıһ硣
ֻҪǿһжпܣ
ЩԵάǲƮһ񣬸ʧ
ֻܶǴĻ￴Ǹȴ·άǾ档
һͷһٶ˵ʲôвЩԵòҪ
ֻ֪ͨǣǵ
ά¶һЩӵЦϾǵ˵Ҫ
ȥ˵ҲӣʵȻдѵʮԸЧάΪ£άֻҪϿԼܶʵѡ
ǣٴάѾº顣
Ҳֻڰά󿪵һ
Щֿûʲô壬һ볤Զˣ˲òάǣҲ𽥴ﵽ塣
Ȼǲ֪һ缸ǧǻ۽ᾧ

άǴԺõһֱǹҲԼģҪˡ
Уǲļᶨ

 96 

ܲ, ¶Ȳ߲ͣҲã̫ܸ˴ϵá
ֻ, һкûϵ, 谵вҪ̫
˵ܳ, ;Լͺһѹ͸Ų䡣
һΪСάء
ﲻˬ, ӰԴɵ˵仰, ֻǺԵЩ룬Ҳ֪, ô˵ˡ
άǵȴ෴Ҳġ΢ЦŴӴռóһŹ, ˸ҵ, ͦóԵĹӡ
ȻĶһ㶣ӹӣάǵעҧһڡ

˳ڿһ䡣
ȻͿάǵЦݲ˼, ˺óԵģõ˰ɣ
ԸҰ취𣿡
Ĭ·
ϧĬûãάǵľѼʶֻά֡
ս۸ܡ
ά˳ӵסƺһֱûȹ΢֣ͬʱ۾
, ġߡгһ
½ҪľԼƬ½Ȼ˳еǵϵصԭ硣
ǡ, 취û˳ԹҲ֪;ᷢʲô
ڴʱʮΣյģһľͿܻᱻʱߣɢ
˳磬ֻ˵ãҸպкʵ塣
ԭ磬Ҳ͹˰ǧ꣬Ҳûˣ㡭
ûһ˵ô໰ÿһ䶼ڱάΪĵǺͲá
޵еģǿģǳ磬Ҳܵģµʱάǲز˼ңᡭʧ硣
ĵǣάǲ޶ԣǼᶨģ֪
ȥѣҿܻ
ǣҡĺǰ
άǸ¶ǸûûˣҲͲôô࣬ǡ
иĸ֪ѻ۰ԼĳǸ磬ģеĺͿֵ硣
Բ𣬻Улл㡣
άǰĻʵǲмģΪർ̫̫ࡰ̹ġİ£кܶ໰˱ġ
浽ԼƺҲֻܽһ仰
άǵʶЩˬҧԼ´һڣĪ͸żֺ⣬ʲôʱߣ
ɿյ֣Ҳһʱܸоάǵ꼴ҪˣٺٰЩ´ꡣ
ǿԭάȻҲõôõϾѡ
άǺͬǸĺӣҲʮ꣬±Ҫ׵ܷ뿪
ߡ
ˬù¶˱ȶԼˣġ
ƺֻ㱧Թһ䣬ԼûԼжô
·ˣȴûκαʾת˻⣬㻹Ҫ𣿡
ڰڹУߵĲͬһ·ӣҲҪ
Ҫҵ˾ġ
ػӻ֣ⲻϡʲô
¶ķӦԤУҲ⣬һǡ
粻Ҫ¹ͺڰˣٳ֣ά֮ǰһŬܶ׷ˡ
㣬پͻ١νҪǾ鷳ҿǲִ½¡
ѵǴ˵е߷磿άеһðĴһޣʲô߰ݴʡ
Ҳãڳ˹ڰ̣ͽΪ塣
һҪȡλڴ½ĵλ
άǣǰҿŵ㣬Ҫٳһ̻ߺڰ̡
ֻС£֮ǰΪȥֻҪҲûΥ
˵ʵԴ½ϵĸ嶼̫ȤҲòʲô£ȥչԼͽ˰ӡ
£ֿ񣬡еӲԿ
һ֮ûⷴӦҲǣǴ½µĶǰµҲͦģܰԼŪ١
Ҫȥ
ͷӦһ㣬Ҫȥӽµ档
ѵôѹ£΢ͻȻȤȻ⣿
Ȼ
Ź´Žüʲôʱֵģ
Ϊû°µٺҲһ
¡
ͰµΨμ棬ʲôط¶
̯֣Ҳ֪ʲôֻǾ⡣
磬µҵ֮Ҫû֮ȥҲȥˡ
ɣ̲סЦһСάǣء
ά¶һС飬ǵȻ
Ŀ𣿡άֽʡ
ûϻش𣬶һ֣һС԰ڿϣһʳʱ䡣
Ϊʲôô˵
άǵһ֪֭һڣܺúȡ
ǱĹһ˵Ŀ϶ԼõĶϣǱȹҪģҲֻλˡ
һδȥĵطĵ֮ظоǺܾˡ
ƣĲ
Ȼ֪ȴûд뿴ϷĶȤζҲһġ
άֻ̫ӱˣһⷭǡ
άǵĵģЦһƬƬҲκˣµ뿴һ
һԭСάǲ²£һƬƬüﶼɺ죬άչҲ
ûάܲ³һԭֻһ˵¾ͻỻ
˼ˡ
άǼ꣬ѿڶһɡ
ͨ
۾ͫ͵һƺԼҵ
ͨͨ
ܿܿ죬ǣܰûġ
ΧɫһƺҲʧȥԭɫʣΪʲôô˵
ԼʵǰһʹһģһĻʱֻǴǳǳɻЦ⣬
κˣôõ
ΨһɫʣάīͫûзĲԾ
Ȼ˵ԼһֵĺԴӣ
άЦݣǺܺõ񣡡
µ汾켣ҪģֻǱغԼֳ˲ٿࡣ
ȻֱӼӺߣĵʵԴ
һ¡
ͨˣ
ˮ죬оһصĸоԼƺõģǰδеãɵֺ̫ǳЩ
죬ҵȻõġ
άҲûԤϵôشһЦ˳ǣˡ
һڹ֭¶ǣάǵĿ⿴ϵʳҲûз˿̿
̫̫ණƺһСľͻᱬȻ󡭡ء
ϲڣС£ϲ㰡Ҫȥòã
άû仰˵˵ٴζһУҪȥ
ǡġ·ܿɢڿС
һ죬½ϵķƺ˼֡

 97 

Ҹʲô
ʱ, άҪȥһЩ飬ͷ
ôʣֱ׳, СάϾҪˣٺһ𣿡
ɡô治ɫ˵Щ߳ܵĻ
άͷһƲװԼû, ܿصԼס
ֻһͨɭСݣ䣬һһ
Χν磬˺ħ޷ֲ
άǣһļ̧ͷ, ̫ˣʮĿߡ
Ϊ𲽣ܶණҪάΪ, ȻѾȹʼæǶʱ䣬黹ͦࡣ
, ͶҲɻˡ
ƫƫֺӵ飬һͷۻ, ҪչȻͱάѹ
㾹ȻԼȥ棬Ҷ, 
߶һİŷֲԾ, άԱʲôʱ˸ˣ
ңһĺܺÿˡ
ʹҲĹĳ, Ϊ̫ÿˣÿͨܳò
ȥɫˣıֻ֣仰ճھͱάһġӡ
ǡάǿˡ
ȻѸٽӻСһʶˣЩϤ
Ȼ㣡ϳˡ
û, ͷȻΧɨһֻۣ䰡Ժά˯һ𣿡
άޱ飬˵أ
ˣ˯棡
άǣ͹ĳƤˡ
Χȫ̵İĸ֣ôάǺ֮չֵֹģ͡岻ˡ
ֱĸ׳һЩȻάԱ߶һӡ
ԡ
ڴļάͻȻеëʣһǲ֪ڿʲôҲ̧ͷȻһʧСС
СӭһλˣһλŵĿˡ
µ档
άǿѾ׵Ǳӡ
ʲô£ɫ糣άǾûоǳ̸һ
µҲϻҪ񡣡
ά½˶֪µżгʱû뵽֮ϲ
ҪʲôС
µ֪άǲҪλҲпܳɹģ֮ǰ˵ԼûԼĶҲԵͻأ
άǣڻȱʲô
ǺܺµʲôԼỻ
µ濴άǣ
άǸϣֻ뿪ǰĳ俴һۣдֻĳܿϢ
˵һμʱĵط
ڰžƺðµаȫУܷĽ¡
֪һ֮𣿡µ濪ڡ
˰ˣֻҪõܲٿκ˵ˡ
͸¶ҵĶ
⵹һʵϢûάǴźĿʵģҪһ񣿺ȽϳԿ
µ棺֪ǰ䲻
Ҵе²⣬һȥңҵĻƾ£ǣѡ˭˭ҪΪꡣ
⵹һһ˶Ķ飬µ治֪άһؼң
ãԡ
µǿšάܾòģڻû뿪ըΪ
˼Ҷˣ㲻
˶ˮӣάǴӦ󣬰µֱӴȥ²ĵط
طЩάǵϡʥصĴá
ҵжϣ֮пܶ棬Ҳ֪
׻ǰڷߴĹַ顣
м˵Ĵãһ˶ʱ䣬ڰܵǰδеĳ
άǰ䲼Щʥصʱû䣬˭أ
άǺͰµ̧ͷʱڰں֮顣
һﾹȻװ
ǿаóάǴʱȴǡȥϵ顣
һ٣һʱŪ㶯϶ᱻάǷ֣ʱ򲻺ý͡
ȵȣΪʲôҪͣʹάǿ֮飬Ҳûʲôİɡ
ֹͣ¼ˣάҲ֪ԼףЩӦӦҲǡİɡ
֪ԼĪ͸ż飬ʹٰοԼҲܷϴ󲿷˶ϲԼһߡ
ĵײάǶ
ôһ룬һ֮ץֻ֣ǡһĵӷˣ
ৡ
һάжһ顣
µ涼ɵɴ˫ۣ⡭ѵΪάйڰ֮ˣ
άַһҳֻһҳ嶼ǻҰɫһ
桭ȫġ
Ҳ˵ʹʶҲܿʲô˼
ֵ+3߳ƺš
һܺڰ̻ʣɣ

Ϥļطʽһ֪ǰֱʣ˵Ϸ󣬺ǡ
ǺáûάٿȥµüڣԼѹҡά֡
άûˣӿռó񣬶˰µС
۾һ˲䶸Ȼ˼֣էһƺԸɵ⡣
ֻǣûãµһͷ񲻶Ծֻô㰡
Ϊһɶ󣬰µʿάǣô£
ά̯֣Ŷ˸ʵ飬ѹͺڰںԡ
ʧˡ
㣡µһ˲ά֮ǰô˵뵽Ѿ˵Ѿû壬ܿ侲
ϸע⵽һеά³һ֣ƭΪ̣µ濴ͼı
ά֮ǰΪȷʵ飬ҲںϳΪ֮ˣӻ֮Ǵԡ
άַһֵԣԽٷԽǼ̣Ϊ˱һֶΡ
ǰµôģ
άǻʵ飬ֻպʱµˣڵ״̬˳ΪҪ
ԹһĹ֮ȥӦֻл֮΢㣬ҪȫϣҪҵʱ䣬ڼ䡭
Ǻ֮飬µû뿪ҵ𣿡
άǣҲ֪ô
˵֪ôʹ飬ϾȻŲ񣬿ԴǬ㷭ҳȶûб仯
Ĭ֣ͻ֡
Զһ֡
ܣ
άǺͰµһۣĬ֣һֳ֡
޴ݡ
⵹ˣ˵
µҲüأ
άǼ룬޴ˡ
ֽ˺ڰ̻ʴڶ֣ûС
ĬûС
ҲûС
±ƭˣ鲻Ǹܡάǿµ档
ض˴һֿۣάһۣ˲ʧԭء
뿪άǶ飬һŵȴԼ֡
ȵȣСάǣ

ͬʱֵģһһ֮顣
Ҳ˵Ϻܶûмأȴеģʲôأ
֮ꡣ
ҳͣάǿԼ֣ǽɫģͬʱҲһ˫ָסһҳ
̧ͷ޹Ц
ʲô

 98 

ģάǽ³˳¶һζ΢Ц󣬽Լҳϡ
һǡ, ϲֵ+1Ҳ˵Ǵոյʱʼġ
֧ȵȣŶ, н֮ڰ֮ᡭ
ֵҲǲݺӵĶ
νÿһϸؼ¼ڲᣬάʱ䣬ֻҪһҳȫ˽⡣
صһġͣС, ǰһ㣬Ҫֹ¼, ǰݣֹʱԼԼͰĬȥżǶʱ䡣
άǡ, ǰµĶҾûȤ͡
ޱ鿴ҳά, ֪ΪΣĵһֻƣ֮ȥ
άûлӦĻ, 濴ϵļ, ֿˣֻȸղŵСһЩ, 㣬ˣĪ͸żС
⻰ά̧ͷߣȻרעĿ¡ҡҡͷ
̸, һ֣Ȼ˵ĸоɡ
άǵƽҲû¶һ˿ĸо֪Ϊʲôĺ͵رһиͷ
άǲǾʹҲںģ
侲ľԼ¡
Ϊʲôأ׵۾￴Ϊʲôάǲأ
ΧĿռ˲֩һƣۿɼٶȿӿȥ
£Ĵø᧿Σƺһͻ᳹׵ƫƫĶ£Ҳû˿
һҲûĲ
СάǣΪʲôأظһ⡣
ʣٿôĶάҲסˣôģʲôҪ
Ϊʲôûάһͷˮ
άǳٳٲشԼ֣һһֻȵٶȸάǵ
˳۽ǷŲĶרעάһʱ֮䶼˶㿪
ӣѹдŷģȴûıͫ͵һǺ¡
ϸ΢Ķ̼ά۽ǵ͵һ㣬ں£
𣿡
ƺ˵ʱĳ
ȻϣԼ߳ڰôõĻһŴġ
°˺ܶఴӦñƲãƻ£Ҳûйܡ
ǣŴˣҲʧ̬شûĵĹҲ־ؿԼ
ڣάҲҪ
ΧͻȻά֪ԼѾԭĴã֪ȥˡ
ЩҲ侲΢Ÿ뿪ڣȴͻȻһ΢Ļ
Щάܵһ˿ʹԺԲƵʹȲάǴ𺳡
ȻжߴǸϤҪάǲҪҺòã
Ҳ˺ģġ
㣬Ҫҡ
ڰڸ˺ܶණάǴû΢֮ǰԼ˵Ļ
ûк㡣ά̾˿̧˫۰ı
Ҳû仰һܸܵ͵һ
ôˣάɻͲס
ǱԼȴɿˣںڰҲԵֱ㶿άǡ
веģȷ£ȻҲһ˿Ů֮顣
һͻȻ˰ŮĻ氮һˣܸܵġ
ǿԼĶҲǿԴ츳иܵάǵ
˾
ûԼһĻûʧġԼ
ƫƫԼ˻Į⣬һʲô֪ڹеʣôˣ
ģϲðġͷάǵĶ䣬˵Ŀ벻һָؿάеԼ
ǱǱ
ʲôʱάǱҵĸģ
ʼֻһȤ֮꣬һټĹ̻ǴſϷȥġ
ǣʲôʱζأ
ҲһԹί
ŮҲܺܿ˼Լ
ɵعȥӣȴôᶨҪؼҡ
СΣյʱԼǰ棬֪ԼҲһ֡
δ˵ڱֳĶ
ǺÿĴЦɹʱĽЦݡöö࣬ԼϲؽһһҹάǵĿɰ֮
ɾɰһˣȴ
עάеԼʱάƾõҲеԼ
ССģɻ
ͨƽһࡣ
ԭĹ켣ôܺнġ
ǰһֱϲֻλ߶ȤߵϲŸ߸ϣһʱջصϲ
ԣһһεġϲУάԽԽԽԽֻһЦ
οԼϾҪ뿪磬ܳɲɹصˣԼġ
ڣάǣ·ԼˣҲһ뵱ȻĴ
ôమӰ鼮оô˵΢΢浽ԼϣһͿ
ػ˵
Լ
һģĲһġ
ڴ֮ǰ´δע⵽Ҳδ
ϲǰԼ
øΪԼˣ
¸˲ǴСܵ۽뷨ϣ˲ġ
ҪؼҵģһҪؼҵġգֻ仰
еĹⰵȥֻʣһƬڰƺܰԶסĺڰ
ڹ¿ĵطҲšڰ
ͻĺХ쫷硢ô½ǰδеΣУ˾ֵҪ
Ǵ󲿷ֶֻͨˣǸ߼ħʦȻҲ޵ֿ֮ȸ߼ħʦҪмˣ
Ŀ޺ǶϱڲԫͲ״ʬ塣
һ̣˶ĩվ

ºֻ֣סܵ
·庢һģ磬Ҫεˣˡ
Ҫģòã
Цʱ򣬲ÿġ
ǽӲһãűԹί
С£̫ƻˡ
ڴͬʱڰҲ˲ʱ䣬־ٺˣˡ
ܿصѷǰʱ䣬СŮڳĸŬ׬Ǯҡ
һСôƽãһҲǰһϢǱģ
ͬʺ޲²ظԼ¡
ΨһоЩԵġֻаµ棬ϸ̽Ҳûʲô쳣ʵ޹߷ŵеϡ
ٵȵȣһԵģһǸ׸ۡ


 99 

֮, ɪɪС
ķϷ·ֳһ֣ļõֱӾǴ½ͨ, ֮ǰġ
Ҳǹģ
Ҵˣôķϣ
Ͽз֮ģҾ˺򣡡

ۻҵֱ֣˵, Ҳ֮֮ģҪһģ˵ˡ
ϧ, ǡ
Ϊ˵뿴ù˵˾Ǳѡ
ᱳΪġ
ҳ, ˺һŻһţάȴͻȻ˵, صȫ֮ꣿ
ջ֣, ǰڰѡȻϣֻ֮ˡ
ķƺ̫Сάڸ̾һ䣬ոմִַһ¾а, ҪǶļ, Щкö඼ܰѴ½һҡ
Ʋһ飬ûаѹŪⷽķ˵, ܾãⲻһֵÿ޵¡
άôһҲûĥ֮ˣְռһȲάǵ, ٺú档
֤ġ
˶ûٿڣһ˲ԵЩΡ
άǲ֪ôڣ̫໰뽲Ҳ֪˵ĸ
㡭
Ǹ
·Լð㣬ͬһʱ䣬ͬʱˣάһ㶣˵£˵ˡ
µҲ֪ˣô죿Ƿβܵ𣿡
άǶ԰µһֵǣǸһȻŲû֮Ψһһʧ̬Ҳпԭǡ
˵ǣһһֱѹ򣬲֪ʲôʱͻᱬը
Ͱ뻹һ
ĻƾĶۣ̫ˣһ͵õըssrıӻ֮һ·˳˳ˮܶණҪѵıȥȡº汻ѹ˵ʵҲûʲôࡣ
ԡóıƣĵҪռ˲ڰͰµæƣ治Ǻļı
֮ܶе㲻̫ӡ
ȻҲάǼ򵥵˵뱾Դ֮ٻŶǣܵõѴȥˡ
µ治һˣݣ
ݲǶԵˣҲѺѡ
ˣֵĶλѺܺڵӣΪ𡱲ϧһУܷһʵ
λѣðɥ
Ҳµ˵ʱôɣ˷ǵͰ˾Ͷ
Ǵѣά£ȫѣȻºΪ
Ѻܶ鶼̵ҶΪ˱ôɡ棬ܴİһ
԰ֶϾͿԿ˺̣ȻҲôҲôԽѵʵ
֪ʱͦۡģڣϲάǵѵӣȫȫ롣
ǻһִӿůĸоֲϲάüǡ
ԣʱǿˡ
µʵһֱ޵ңþΪҲΪΰΪŻ³ĺѲŻ
ȻҵȷҪһΣҲǸĴĺˣֻһᡣ
ûץסᣬ
һ΢ЦҾͿԺͰȥǸ𣿡
άǣ
ðɣһС
ңҲǺ˵µ治ٳΪˡ
άǵͷڰµʱȷ˵Ҳѹ񽻸µԭ֮һ
ֻǣЩİˡ
һάǷݲڵĸоҲɢ˲٣ŻǺ̫˵ԭ
һ̸ȫû֡ϲҵġıŤУͺ֮ǰûзһ
ʹûöάǵ뷨ҲܲµһЩʵҲΪ֮ġ
˵ʵôãǰ׻ģҲûзİ֮˾ȥƷ
ôˣһΰˣ
άǵļ䣬ͻһֱŻؼ£û˼άǻά
ȥĿԣҪһ㡭
άǸúӣֻҪ̸ҵͲδôӡ
ڻؼ֮ǰȫȥ鰮֮£ûȴܵ˼ңֻҪģʶͲȥ顣
ݸġġҲְֺޣԭάǣϲģ
ˣҲһ
ȻάһҪؼҵģһȥ¡
ûʲô˻£һȤ
ңάǻȥĿԻ󣬱Ͼǡһıӻ
ֻ²ܸάǣȻӾԲͬ⡣
ʲôֲ磬ϼ޻ͳֳ֮ⳡϷ˳˸ס
ոյоųʵ뷨һɾѷݵĽάǲš
һȥһܿŲУ
ģ˭Ҳߣ
ò˵͸ƫִǲܶöʧĶҪǴԸҲˡ
ҪǡҲ̫׳¡
ֻϣлᷢɡ
ҪҲ˵߾ߵģνάǿ϶ᵣķչнᡣ
ʱ򣬰µˡ
˻֮Ҳֻ꣬Ҫݵõ򲢲̫ų
ȻɲṰֽѵĶµ棬͡úõĹ˰ɡ
ϾµǲܷļƻģǸᣬץס
*
ֲֹ˵һѾȥ죬ԹµĹ㣬Ҳò˴롣
ǰµ淢޷ںϹ񣬻ʲôأ

Ŷ΢Цſѵļһ¼ͷļС
ͻȻü¶һĨеϲã漴ëʣӿռóԭάǵ塣
һְֻάλã˫ĿϣѵʶȴѾ
֪ûз֣ΪԱߣԷĵؽȫ
ģǸЩԭ壬ڳ׽ȥһ̣˲ٹ֮ȥ
Ѿ赼ʹֻʣ¹֮
ǿά˵һ¡

ܿ죬άǵĽëȻһѴ̵˫
һۣͿ˺ЦעѵĹ¡
¡㣿άǵʶЩԺϳ£Ͼµ꣬һģһġ
άǣӭ
ιһʥˮܿάǵػâ
ǣôˣάǺɻ
Ȼɻ󣬴Ե£û
ܱǸάԺܶҪòˡЩǸ⣬ѵȴҪΪ˲Ҫ鷳鷳ǵġ
άȴȫô룬Щµľֱסµͷؿڡ
һԵ˲䡭ˬˣ
ʲôһҲ̫ˡ
ûȴˣɶ
άǵȻղĲˬĵرʾһҲϲڵӣԣͨЩ
άǵĻΪģСսսģǵøҲһֱģȥ棬ʹҲҪñӣѻᡰòҪء
ùͬһԭ򣬹һӾάĵ뷨Сһͷãϲʲôģʲôģ
ҪͶᣬһԵǷһԹ
ֻǣû⡣
άǣһ
ʱֶһӰȥŵİĵػˡ
Ȼɵˡ
ôάǣۻˣ
¶һĨ΢Цպã
ɨˣᣬһЩǡ
˵ɡ

 100 


־ԽβΪһǺܵĹ½, ˵԰άǵİʱˡ
ǲɵΪ˻ؼȥģֱڷȥȼ, ûײʲô
˵Ҳû̫Ӧɵ˵Ҫؼ, һ϶ʱȴˡ
ȷû˵µΣԣɶԿռҲ˽İôῴⱳľһ
Բ, Ҳ֪ʱԼʲôӦ˵, ԰ڵı֣ЩûԤϵġ
, Ǹô𣿺õ㲻ϧԼõͣһ, ǽȥ㲻ϧǣ
ʱάҲӦ±ĸ, ½, Ҳðգⲻ𣿡
ͷ, ˫ÿıỨάǻԵģάǿԵļˣάǡʱѾʡ
жͶ·ܾһ񼫵¡
һЩ, С򵥰
ά˳ĽֿάǣǸ𣬡ǸҵִɣҰ
¶һдº͵ЦݣϲǣҲϲ硣
͡ز졣
ȴҡҡͷ˵ȥǣǸ갲Ϣ֮
άָָԼദһһֱ˵ȥɣ£صȥ
ĹǰûģſȰȴֲ֪˵ʲôá
֪ģһһ˾˭ҲĲ˵ġ
㣡㣡ҲûʲôԼûˣһ˲ƾʧڹǰ
ȥ׷άǰýģ½㣬άǲŸոʲôʲôᣬ㲻Ҫôߺ𣿡
Ǹ˶ľܾҲֱ˵ֻģɵ˾䣬ģһᰲźάߵġ
۾һѧ¼ܣ
ָܿ˲ˣԭȻһʵ̫ˣ
͹ԹԵڹԱߴ粽룬żʼ⣬ʮĹɿˡ
ϾͲŹһ˯Ҫ¸£ҡ֤ݲԸоԼˡ
ÿԼ͹Ļ죬ոտ˸ͷάǾܰѹµעϡ
װ伫
ֱеıӳѷ죬Ǻǣһġ
Ѿܶ꣬ûôһļһˣƫƫڹ£ʱʲô
۲Ϊ͹˵˾Լ¾뿪Сݣǰõĳһε΢Ц
ǣҪ侲ôС˼ƻ
*
ôûΪʱģɿһֱҲЩˡ
ﺰ˼ȴûеõӦǶӦԼġˣ
̲סάⲻҪȥȥȥ
άʱͺзִˣȥɣһԹԴġ
һʧУάȥķûжһ£һܡ

ƾźͰԼ˺ߣһﺰŰһߴܡ
ΧȻǺһ޼ʵĴʹܶ˲һ˹ԼͻΪеʳ
Թ˵ͼڡ
ںϣҲͬڴ½һ㣬ƽء
ٺú̸̸ˡ
ĸֺӦòһ˿ӦܸӦ⸽ϴһ˿ȴס
³ˡ
ץ߰Ҫ½ܰ쵽ĳЩҲûˡ
ɵһµ档
ڣ
ﾹȻ˵䶨УϾάѾźһЩβºʹˣܲһӵȰµС
ţ¼׹ȥܿλá
ʱΧѹѾһͨˣԹ˵ûʲô
ӦԽԽǿԭͣһͼ׹ֱһ˫ۣİ
Ҳó˰ɡ
߼޷ģһħ磬ùµش˳ȥ
ǺǣʷһλͺڰʥŮءһŮ֪Ҳˡ
ҸÿػǶԼ̫ˡ
ޱ飬ϲұߣŮ
ٲȻվһλĶ˵Ůͯе㣬ʱΪ˶
ʥŮ˹ȻҲǹⱻҰİɣ
Ůһֻϰڵݣôģȴżɱ⡣
άʥŮع⣬Ůʲô׵ģˣˡ
Ů˸ûа㣬Լԭ˿϶Ҳµ֡
ǺǣԴŮѾܾûгĴˡ
Ϊ˺ˣ¿źŮһƬ򶨣񲢲ѺŮϡ
İ
ŮһȴЦݣȻǣôΪôС¾鷳ʥŮء
ʵֻһסҲӣḧŰݣڰ񣬻λСһô
û˵ŮҲֻ㼸£İ¶һܵģ
ҪɱңһʶֻҪһͷҪǳʲô¡
ŮüСһƾҪˡ
׵ĺȴ࣬ͣƬ̺һЩص⣬㲢ʹúڰ֮ڰҲûãѵΪ˸ڶ
һĲ룬ŮҲ⣬Ļشȴǣң˭͸˭
Թʲôӿռóǿڵ񣬼ʹںףɺΧĺڲһ
Ҫô֤İȫҿɲ㡣
Ůһ¶Ц⣬ⲻ򵥣ԼС
ҡҡͷԼ©̫֪࣬ЩǿԵԼ˺ġ
Ĺ£ŮȻ¶һ˿ͷȴһЩҪĲܲ˾ֱӰԼǲֵûɡ
ȫӦ
˵ô죿ȻҲӵģŮٿµķӦϾλġ̫ѵˡ
ҪλԼôץסֻСһ
üȻ˼ֹʮ룬ͻȻڣһĨص΢Цɡ
ԸңҾͰ㡣
ʲôŮ˲䷢ֲԾ԰֣ȴİ޷ӦҲ·ʧȥϵһ
㣡ôܣ
֣ŵȵںŮϣϧһ룬ʧȥʶռС
ĵشΧֱۣʵûʲô֣ŴŰ뿪
ڽ
µ¿϶ȷǹϵһ㣬ΪʲôҪַʽҲԡ
ûոʮ룬ֱæ֣ʲôʲôãŮƸ֪ԼֻһűƳ̽ӡ
սپɣϾôʶˣµôҲҪס
һ˿⣬ζ԰֣´ξͲ֪˭ˡ
ʱʱǿʲôֶΰɡ
ң±𣿡
Ȼᡣ

컹ڼ֪⼸У˭ļıһ

 101 

ûʲô, ݺܿѹ˵Լó޺, ȴ
ǣҲ˲Ϻ͹¶ˣһ޿ģſһԵϡ
ȴŰάǶڵʱ, Ͻ½ˡ
ǣ
ǰάǵһôĬȻһһСܿСһľȡ
ԣǡ
ºܵ, ѿǺõģԼĹ֮һΪ, һݸάǣһݸ, 󲿷ֲƸأһСټ˷һ¡
ڽ̻, ǰĹϾõҲѱס
ͬڰǴ˹, ҲԼѰ
, ԼҲ, ԺҪԼŬˡ
Цĳ鶼ᣬƺֻһֵǮС顣
άǶĬˣҲ׹¶Ҳźһ, ʲôҡ
½㡭ҡάȿڣ͹ദʱʵûãЩʱ֮вʱġ
ΪԼĹ⣬¶άǶԾôҪǣڡҪ뿪ˡ
һ𡭡άǵĻ´ˡ
أάˣһлȥϣȴļҲЩͷάǶԼֻһת뷨Ҫʱ̣ǿӲ֡
һġ
άԻĬĬͷ֪ˡ
Ĺ£ҲĬˡ
ǳ̸ֹȥ˼죬άǵҲָ
ֱôͻȻ
һ֪֪ý߻ǲĴȾͻȻˡ
һĬĬСʼԷһٶȴȥȾԼǿħʦֿǿܶкͬҲͷۻ֫
ҺܿͻᱻһʧԼɥʧУܵţֻ
ؼⲡ塣
Ǵ½ϵ塢ȻǺĺ壬ֻҪǻ۵飬ᱻȾ
ֱҪϴ磬һϴһ
ֻһʱ䣬һԺⳡȾһӿȥ
˴ϣ췣
˭ʵ
Ҿ˵ðΰ񣡶ԲǴˣԭ£ԭǰɡ
ô죿ֿˣҵ۾۾ˣǸħŮĴ
ǸħŮģȥлȥ


ܿڻɫĶ۳״ƵĶ̻ڴ½ϿУɫһ
ֻͨҪմȾһ˿ᵱУҲܡ
ȷǿǴҲԼġ
ǣܻԹ࣬ͬ˺ǡ
ôµôŵİ룬ûɱ飬ʹ뿴ϷҲǰ͵͵ЩֶΡ
ΣЩͨԹȴͨͨ׼˹£ҲºûйϵǡʱҪһԷйĶġ
ٳɶ࣬ϿһԹﵽһ̶ȣ¡¼ʹҲ϶ܡ
һϹµסǿ磬²룬ܽһֻ־塣
а취𣿡
ʵ̫ԣΪ̫ǿҲʲô
Թù֮޷ⶫκúλ̻ʴջվ˹ǰʳ⡣
ϣõһ϶𰸣ȴҡҡͷûС
˵߻߲ʵ˵һ䣬һ䡣
¶ûκоһЩ취Ҳûκɫ
ȥɫ̫ãмƣ
֪Ϊʲôðһɻ档
Ϊʲô
ʼµһҲã뿴ϷҲãɷչڣ԰µѾͷ
ȫҲû뵽µֶΣ̫͹ķ̶ˣոտʼûʱ򣬹¾ϳˡ
ֱ壬۵ЩӣȴǴǰɵЦݣֻΣƺ͸żֿ⣬֪ˣС±
ֱǰס֣ôˣ
ǰֻ΢ܸо¶ȣδȴɲһ£̹ǵıһ˵¶ȡ
ִӹгЩ˵ûŶ
˵ֻ꣬ӳһˮЩˡ
ʳָðһνɫѪҺֱӵˮУƬ̣Щ˵ɫָ
ȻŻе԰ףֻҪúóԼٲһӦ
ҲʹЩϳɵЦݣʱ˶Թµ
ܼ򵥵飬²õġɫֺҿء
ûЦüĻǽţҲɵӣ㲻Ҫƭҡ
һжģŵ۽Ǵ˼Ө⣬СڵҺøж
£ⳡʱ˵Ϸ˲նˡ
̾˿Ҳ֪ʲôҲϣԼ忪Ц
ıʲôиоܵʵ̫ãʵڲ²
һ̣ЦޱȵҸ´βָİɣҲµġ
ҪŶ
¿ģջûʲôֻǳǳػشһ֣á
*
ⳡͻȻȥҲͻȻӰҲǾ޴ģ̻ͺڰ̻жͽ
һԼĲϣЩй߰˿Ƽ̳һЩҲ˵ֱӾͶա
⼸죬½ϵɼȼʱỤ̃ͼҵ£ûĿݣ´أ
׿ɲܶ
¡㣬ѹάŹµ֣ƺ̽
Щ췢£һһ㱨ͬڰƿڴάǰģ۹ȴ֪ôο
Ϊһ֮ǰµĹ˵Ѿ̱ѵˡ
ûġЩЦؿŰظż˵ĻЩ˵ķӦ˲ҡ
ҪǻҪɫʲôҲ¶ΪԼԸôθɡ
Ȼô˵ģάǺͰЩǣֻѧΣڹǰֳ
Ҳû취ˣԼǿûҲᱻǿջЦ
ڹµעûЩͨϣͰµ档
µ治ֺ֣ʲôһҲ֪ȥɳʲô顣
ƻõĻؼĿǰҲҪȵȵˡ
û°ɣĹµȻҲ٣ܿ죬ͬʱ˰غͿ˹
жͬĵǡ
֪˭㣬̫ˣ㡭
Ĺùͷһůû£İɣҿɲôױӰ쵽ġ
պãˣº˵³ҷһ䣬άǣһ¡
˹ãʶʱõľԼòؾľˣôάǣ
ܼ򵥣ΪҲάǵġ
߹ڽͣһߣȴصԼĵ֮أԭµľֻھȻ͸żֻҰ
˵㰡૵Ҫٶһ㡣

102  102 

غͿ˹ǻŸߵ, ǲ뿴ŹȥðգֹϾֻѰ
ڹ, ˺ϱ, תͷͶ԰ά˵, Ҫȥһʱ, ǲҪ뿪⡣
άЩؿŹ£ûнʲôͷ˲ʧݡ
ֻ°άġ
뿪Ĺ²ûȥûĿȥҰµ, ȥ˰˹
Ϊܶ˵ƿƼ̵ԭ, ˹µ̵궼ܵ˾޴ʧ˵һҲ⡣
Щ̵Ϊ˸׬ǮģЩΪµ⣬׬˽ȥʮı
ֻҪ, ֵʲô˹ν
άǣķ»һĿ, ķ㡣
˵Ϲµļ˳, ù¶̲ס滺üۡ
ҲķѽķСԴ, µĿ⿴һ۷ſյİ˹
һûڱչء
˹ºһ, һϵķԾ, ˰˹ġϡ
, ѣά£ֻСԲֲϡŰ˹òֱü¡
£ۡ
Сķǰ˹Ŀǡ
ʲô£˹ؿ, Ҫǲ˿϶ǲǶԼ
²⣬˽Ⱜ˹ԸҲˣرһʱ䣬ȻٰҷŸϢȥ
Ȼûȹ˵ҪʲôϢʱһһѽסţ
ķ˵ԱߣάǣֻҪЩӶգҪʲôϢֱӷԸͺá
ӵ˼ַ֣ſ˫Ŀİ˹Ա˷ܵķǴ
׻Ҳ˵ˣһ
磬Զȱɰˡ
ķվֱ»֣ãСάҪעⰲȫķȥĵط
ãһŵġ
ӺܿذķӱԵζ˫ȣͷ΢΢ţˣСάǸˣûµĶ԰ɣ
˹ûлӦƺѾԼ˼ãһڷ
ķЦݣһ۹ȥķֿʼ۸ȥˡ
*
˵𣿡
˵˵ˣҪԶһȥ
㲻Ҫˣʱ϶ȥôĶ֪

ĶԻ洦ɼȻͻȻðһϢ
λʥŮ˷ֶصλˣ˶ȥַ˵Ϊ˱ԼԼޣˡ
Щص㣬ص˴Ҳ֪ȥУֱӷųĳصŴңʱеһԽ
⻰˵Ŀţв˵ĵطȥΪλ˵Ҫ飬Ϊе
ͺڰ
ɲһջ
ȻҲһС⣬ΪҷǸص㾹ȻںϣԣںеСֱںϡ
Ҫںж磬ħʦʵ½мħʦʵϵˣ
һɾ˹ųɾŵˣҳ˺壬󲿷ںʵһЩһ
ı϶ı
ǲеĲ²⣬ɼʹҲ֪ʱֵ˿϶Ͼôջ󰡡
²񣬹ʥŮϿɾкü
ڵĹ£ڴƶı⣬˭ۺ졣
ʲô
洫֪ΪʲôͻȻҪŪôһһᴦðµģ㲻õġ
Դ˹µķӦһۣмƻҲУҿµ治ˬ𣿡
⻰һŮƵģҭһ£漴ֺܿιȥС¿϶ΪҰɣ̫жˡ
£Ŷô롣
еĲȥ˰
ǣڹβ̬°ˣֻŵʱһֱעŹ£Ӧòˡ
ڰµǱߣһɧģΪͻһٶѼƻҲˡ
Ҫǿźڰ
ò׽ʧϣںȴط֣Լڲˡ
֮ų굽壬ų
µ汾ǲǹ϶ʲôֽţϸһòʵ
Ц
ΪĹ񣬹ȻųϿ߶ͬʱӵйڰ񣬸û֮ΪʲôͲУ
µǲҪͬʱںϲܳɹ
һļƻҲòı䣬ù˳ɺڰͱ취ˡ
Ůֻӳȥһӣ˳õڰȻǺõģܡܲԳԹµ̬Ҳ
Ϊ֮ǰû̫Ĺϵû뵽оϲ
֮ǰǳ䣬Ŀǹ£˭뵽ôں
ôฺʹҲˣҪľǡ׳Լ
Ϊˣźڰ뵽֡
*
Ұ£ˮڷӿһˣͨ˵һľͻᴬ˻١
ƺʱ±û˻ģ죬
һһӰ麣ϣÿһվڰвɫع۲Χ
ʵ̫֮ǰ·ͻȻûϣοкܶʿĴжõϢһ̽
վǰģֳַȵʹڶҲʸˡ
ʱȻὲʿȣƾ֣һЩʹùͺڰĶο̵ˡ
ʺ;ǿ߶ǺȤ϶Ҳĳķչ
֮ܶǴ½ѵһǿ߾ۻᣬЩֵӻ־ܻٵüǡ
ȻﻹȱҪһˣûⳡϷҲ˳
ιϢеʱҲֻһӣм˵üѾϴʮĲ䡣
ϾΪǿߣǱ˵ǣǵˡ
˻ͦģҵǵһ֪½ϻôǿߡ
δ
˲䣬ǰͶһӰϢڳľȻûһ˷֣Կµʵ
ҲòһĪЩ⣬ģһʱЩ˵ͻΪڻҡ
Ҳ˵ڹ⿴ɫʲôҲпλαװΣҪıɫϢɲ¡
ûЩ˵ɫ仯¿ǰʹڶ΢΢ǣҷϻҲ˵ˡ
š¾еĺڰ񣬡Ǻڰ񡣡
߻۵һ̣¾Ȼֱһ·׹ȥ
⻹ˣ
˫־ȥӺڰ񣬺ܿ죬һͲСС
λԼҲһ㶣ܣʮͬʱ
ʹĹҲˣӿûڣ벻ܲ˵ͻ
г˵Ĺ񱻰ͣôڰУһ
֣Ŷ
һ֣ȫʧһλòͨ¶һζЦݡ
ɽңұȥɽ

103  103 

²һϲˣı, ʱԼƲסԼ
ȻЩԣתоϻô˵, ɽ׸, ơ
֪ʲô԰µһδ̽, һδº, Ϊ
Цˡ
ֲֻܵȱ˽ĳǱ, ˵ʵͰµӲ, ¶Լмġ
οҲǺ׼ͳȥܣ׼ɲ١
òͨԹֵĿסˣü, ʲô
ƺһͨǿߵģ
µķӦͺֱˣһţ˺ݺ߷˺üʮס
Żͣ£һֳ˵Ͽ, ݺһ, ˼λ, Ǻ̶ȼֱڳ˶̲סĲһ¡
, ûʵ
ҲӦʼõǻϵħ, һʺĻۿҪϹµĽ, ȴסˡ
һ磬ӻ翪ʼӣƺ˶ס
ݺķ˹, һ˲ƳڹǰԼһ׵λá
мǿγһңңŵľ档
Щ£˼սʵϴӹͻȻڶţǰҲʮ顣
Ӧģڶء
ҲʲôһЦˡ
ʱ㲻ΪԼαװĺܺðɣ
µֳһźɫ壬⣬Ϳûбˡ
ʲô
仰һӻûʲôӦЩסˣɲˣģŮ˹Ȼı𣿣
ΪµĲֽûµҲֿ̯Լеġڰ񡱣Ǻڰ̻еһʹõȻҲǺڰ֮
Ӧƥģȥĺڰ֮ʯ󺣣޻Ӧ
١
ǣԹԵĶں治𣿡
ӵˣòҲȥԭͨ¶˰µӢΡ
ΪʲôҪȲҪƻҵļƻأ
µҲ֪Լˣڷˣóڰնɱļһ¡
ǣҲӦð
ôԼģҪ֪Ϊ˷ֹ̽飬ǿо˺þãŰԼϢһΪ
Ҫͻ˳һϢȥ
µ˳ӦԼ뷨ѡҪҪ¶ԼҪ¶Ĳ֡
иԼֶγģļƣŮô֪ôҵ
ǿżһû
ξۼôǿߣҪµףһԭҪȫ⡣
²ں˶ԼҲôãʲôļǿ꣬ƾʲôһŪǰ
ֳluoƣ¾Բ̡
ԣԸ˵䡣
ǲɵ괴ǻʱ϶ǰ©˰ɣ
һھǳðµӲʱ䣿
һۣʱ䣿δ̫߿Լˣ
֪Ϊʲôһᷢ𣿡
Ϊ񰡡й񣬿ĽȻܷ֡԰µֽӣʱղ˹ҲһţȻ϶ʵʵй¶˿Ϣǡ
Ŷ㲻᲻֪ڰиӦɣ
ǳ²Щڰµʱõ񣬡Ҳԣִûõ񣬲֪Ҳ
µڿµһõĻ˵ܷż¿϶Ѿɸӡ
ôҲݷô꣬Ҫ˵ǿ϶ܣϻ̫ˡ
Ĵ仰Ȼ̣һУͦ¸ոֹʱһУֻǱʱķΧ㣬
µڹ˵ʱ͵˾
ƻǰش¹˵
֮ǰں͹¶Իʵ֮ǰµӡ
½ϣӦѾ;˰ɡ
ɴܣСꡣ
ΧЩԻ͹ĴҲ֪ԼǾ˲˵
ģۼһһ淢սôҲֵܶһʱ䡣
֪Ǵɻǡѡվʹڶ󣬱Ͼж
ϻĹеĺڰµ棬ĺֵҪ֪㻹Ҫڰ񣬲֪ô룿
µɫȻ³죡˻ҵģ
㿴磡
Ϊԣ˲ˣǹĶǡɱ
ΰĴʲô
ڿϷݣ
µɫЩ񣬡ҺͰ³˭Ĵ
񣡡
ңҪһ磡
ƺΪѹ˺ܾõĻ˵µصشϢһ£ɫָֻ
ЩĹȴûжӦûʲôֻһƽʺ
ϰµߣ磿
˲Ϊ㱳ģ
֮ǰ߲ģ
Сڴ½Щµĺ֣
ֶε㣬ʲôʸ
Ҫһ磿ҪһԼɡ
µһȻ֪Լڴ½ֶΣ
ûж¶ܲµµʲô
֮ǰ¼һʼֻΪǰģΪһԸв˭ֶΡ
ɺŰµĳ֣Ҳ׹ºܶ°µʹ
õİ˵ߣʵ϶ΪԼĿġ
ͺ֮ǰûֵһǰµҪνһ壬ֻǡɱǷˣ֮ǰûС
԰µԸ񣬿϶ֹôֶΣȥʹֶΣҲøȥ
𣡡
ΧЩ˼ģ²ٷϻ˫ſһĽֱס˰µ͹ˡ
񣿡
µһӾͿеĹؼŮ˾ȻͺҲϵ
һﲻլֻԸԼУԼǧ겻˽̸ô£
µ浱Ȼ뵽ǸѾ˵ĺŮеá
ҲôˣҲʶһЩѣؼʱ˵ó
ǣµˡκˡ
ʱݵľһĬԣģȻ֮裬ȴҲûнõѡ
ܶԸ໨ʱҲԸзֵĿܣһ˿С
Ϲµļӳ֣磬ʱûܴơ
µɫʮȻѾ˻֮ΪҪΣû̫ʱȥ
£лһöָ֮ǰ̯ģ˭֪԰ջ֮һӾͳǰ˲١
ңô󶯾֮͡ǰܸشڵĻ
Ϊʲô֣µҲ֪
ɶ
Ůˣ
ȫļƻǧıҪһ
ɱŨŤռɱӰµϱŷȻԼùҲù
µȻҲʾ˫ĿиԳһ̫Ӱͼ֮߷˼¡
ء
СͻȻײǴ۵Ĺâ˲Ƭ
ºͰµӰҲȫ⵲סһȨȵֲ˼֡
ԤУⳡսƬ½δķչԡ
һҪӮάǣ

104  104 

, ھϢվڹºͰµĽ棬۾һգգؿ漤ҵĴ򶷡
ûȥ£ȴһ˿Ŀġ
Ϊ֮ǰµĻ
˵ʵ, µôԼ, ⡣
άԼĸоͦġ
ĳԼǵЦݣϧûɹ
, С¶Ի֮Ѿ, õĲ
Ĺ, ЩѪء
µЩۣŪ
ѾȫͶ뵽սеİµͻȻͷһ, ˰ģץĹֱһʨ˺ݺײڽ, ײý綼΢΢ζһ¡
ȫ֪Ϊڹµиרʵģ׳ơպ
ҪǱ¿, ϶һۡ
ȥæԭʵҲܼ, ʲôֱ˵ս, Ҫʿ, ֻǵΪڲûҲûд·磬ΪʲôҪȥӡ
Ȼ, һԭڵһʱ, һԼ˵ʱ
ҪʴսĵĹʲô뷨ǹֻһ𰸣û뷨
ƾУ, ѹǲɺӵսȫˡ
˵Ҳ֣֮ǰԭ°ؼûҲ
ɵħ磬ҲûúһܣǸտʼ̫˭ܴǺǿ˭򲻹ľǿ̫ģ
⻹һôù˼ʲôֻҪŴŪԷͷеһս
ԽԽԽðµ϶˿ڡ
µҲʶٴȥԼп˵Լûܣǰµֺγǡ
ʶʱͲаʵΪ˲¶ԼµͰ˴󲿷ʱ䶼ڶأֳ󶯾
͸ûˣֲսǱӣһ쵽ź˴ܡ
ɻ֮ڸ˵Ĳ໥ײ£Ǽ᲻ɴݵĽ羹Ȼѿһϸ졣
µ۾һƺҵ˳·ֻҪлᣬʲôֶΡ
ȻûȰµڳʲô£ϸ졭˲ʧˣ
ι˼֡

ŭڽл죬ʱµĳ˭
µŭŭĹǿһ֡
л
ǫڽ𣬡Ǽùҡ
ۡ
µһڽཻѪ֪Ǳ´ĻǱġ
ް
ô࣬ݷôãۿгɹϣˣȴʱ̹һ񣬻Ҫ
ǿĺȼŰµȫǱó˹񣬼Ȼûʤ㣬һ汳һ
ɹô᣿
ȫ˲һԹս˲Ƥһžǿźڰ
Ⱦһµ汻Ƽ˺֮ǰһԱ˹ô죿
ɱȵҪǿܶࡣ
Ȼ뵽˺ڰ񣬹ڰศɣˣҲһ
ȥɣ
µ׳µĺڰպײʱշ·𶼾ֹһ룬һǿ˵Ϣ·ӿ
ۿţһҪը
ڻ׵γһ壬ͼΰѲĳ棬Ȼ
Ͼ񣬺ܿϢ©ҹ¶һϢȻýѷ죬֪Ϊʲôûټӹ̽硣
ֻܼӴ֮һ߻ҪµͻȻ͵Ϯܡ
һʱ֮䣬ҲڷΣ֮ء
Χ۵ʱһҲûܣºͰµĶԻЩҲĥߵĹϵһЩ顣
˵ʵǿܺܶ౾ˣϲµ²ֶεļһ
λĳɹ½кӹ
Ҳң
ڶ߿ŽĹ£ȴǶһԵ˵ġ
ûԥѽ̻רķ˽Ͽգͬʱȥ
ڶεЦһ£Ҳȵҡ
ͬ׳˷ȣֹһ硣
λ̻ʵʵ˵ʵ֧һЩǿʹҲû취ͬʱʹá
ҲԿͬʱĹʵжֲ
̻ʴˣ㣡
ȻֹͺڰȻҲʹˡ
ʮӰɿվڸԽ̻ʵ󣬻Ĺͺڰ֮͸ȣôڶҲԴ
µ浱ȻŹᣬݺݸһ׼֮һ硣
Ȼ󿴵ǲ˹ͬĽ磬µ治мֱǰһ
꣬ڳ֮˵Ľ飬ÿ˵ǶһѪۡ
ҪҪϽ뿪Щֱҵģк³
ǣһ룬µĽŲסˡ
ˢˢˢͻȻֳһüӰÿоȻҲһ
ʡ峤˹ǺŮ
֪ʲôʱ򱻹·˳ȴ˰µ档
ߣŮ˿ǺܼǳġŮһַֻڶһֻȫ߶˸ơ
һǱȽϲڵ磬ʲô磬ûඡ
Ϊ˸õش߶ֱӻΪԭֻͣС˲٣ȻƬ¶ھ¡
Ϳ˹û˵еĶȴҲվڹһߡ
½˿̶վƬϡ
ǲ֪еͬҲעֻΪҲֻǿţж
ҪΪǰûȻҲʲô
ֻǣжһɻ󣬱¾ʲôô˰µ棬ѵֻ뿴Ϸ
ǣµôһ磬ΪʲôǻҪػ
һ粻
İµָǺͬһ飬ֻĵ϶֮ǰ˺ܶࡣ
ȻƣôҲһʱ䣬µһƱزܷ߰µ档
˵ǣųŹǲǿײʼȳҲһЩ
һһûûˣֱ˷꣬ȥµֻԽԽС
û֣ϹЩ磬ʹԼϢҲԽ翣ƺܿҪʧ
Ϊ˿뿪µóһѻѩ׵ذףҲûʲôذױֱֱ˦ڴ
Ȼ֪µΪʲôҪ˦ذף϶򵥣²ҵģϻһ
ʣһĿ˹Ҳæڹǰһһ硣
ǣذ׾ôͻȻʧ˵ĸ֪Χڣǵֱ˸գһذ׸Щ磬ͻأسڹǰһ׵ľ롣
ʹǹ£ҲԴĵط²Ҳˣذ˹죬ʲô³治˵
ǣʱѾˡ
ؼʱ̣ۿҪ࣬һֻ޳ͻȻ֣ݺץסذףذѽͬʱϱνɫѪҺ
ֵޱؿµ棬ȻչЦգ˼Ϸˡ

105  105 

Ȼµ濴ͻȻֵҲ, ¶һ˿㾹ȻĻںһˡ
˵棬ץǰذס
ֻذ׺˿ڵΧðһƺ, ǴɫѪҺȾ˺ɫ, žЩ顣
ô, ռǧԹ, һ, Сע뵽ذڣü, Լ㱻˵ء
ȻǰµΪ׼ģʹҲûУԭĴһ, һ
µĳðµ˸²⣬֪֮ǰٻعŮȻºŮ񲻿͸¶ʲô±һźš
, ̽, ̽, ڽ档
ô, Ǻͷһ᷸λЦ, Ȼڰ΢ϡ
Ȼ, 춼վԼߵģûˡ
ԸУµǰδеĳ죬뿴
ϧ, ɴЦ
µЩشô㻹֪ԼΣ𣿡
Ĺ˵ȴһֻ˻ӣ˼Ҫ֡
ǣûٲ廰һôе񣬿϶кеġ
ŹĪΣֺ̧еذף֪ⶫմһͺͼѪҰһ
ʮҵͻᱻʴһ룬Ҳ״̬ʱպʺȡ֮𣿡
˵ʱ䣬ɫۿɼٶȲ԰˵Ϣ˼֡
˵Ϣǿ׳˼˵ⷴһ£˵ԼϢ޷ƣɼǶôˡ
¼ʹҲ̲סüǶʵ̫аˣýûմǵȴҲֲܸܵʣοǱ˵
ɼʹûзſеذףǲǾð˵ļ׵ɵذɱһ£
˵ļ׵ǣ
µذֿµ棬ˣȻ̬
ǻôȡѵļ׵ǣҹҹһĥעָ涫µͲºĿ
ԣ԰ǽĻ϶Ŀˡ
ȻµһҲʲôԣ֪ԼΪǱˣһܿİɡ
ܴҲʲôڵˣλѣϱ˲˵
ֳܿλӦþǴҲˣôã
ô仰ĹϢӺֱ翣ƺڷʴٶȱȰµԤĻҪ켸롣
ֲѰľٶҲðµ˼־ģλɲҷˣһ˿ֿķ
³µ˼֣Էȥʲôʡ
Сİµ棬¶һ͸ų΢Цذףһһµ߽
ԼͥԺɢ͸żкʣͲˡ
ֱ˼ľ벻ףµ涼ЩƲסˣǲ¶ӣӲסԼ
ʲô
Щ󣬰µԼûԼȫжôӲѾԸˣǧǻѹҲЩ
ûпЩһ㣬㲻ȡ֮𣿡
еذµ淽һףҲɡ
ͨ
µ沢ûнסνѵŹǣ͸һеС
۵׻һ˿⣬µʱֱƽһģ
ƫƫðµΪɵһˣʲôı͵ϵ
ֹµô룬ڳ˹¿¶ô룬ﵹһЩλеֶεġ
ֻй£ȭͷս˽һƽʱʱҪƭ˵ӣʵϡĲƭˣһЩ
ô˵ѵµ棿
ºѯʣֻ뵽ոյľٶְסԼ뷨濴ȥĶ
ԥ
ǰһҪ֪ΣԶҲûеڶλˡ
ĻģȷǰµΨһĻᣬˣԲôõĻᡣ
˵ûôʱ׼µ浽ʱ뱣ѡ
ֲʲô󷽲ǳӣԼ϶ֻ
뵽Щµ۵һ˿û취Źᣬֻܡעһ
߰ɣȥҵĵ֮ء
֪µ治ᣬһת£ɫѾʮѿȴûκθܻĸоһЦ͹˵һŶ
ûЦģ
氡ЦЦС£ǵһҪһŶȻһĵġ
¶ؿһۣ۵ʲôûУ޷ʵ뷨
ǡ
á³ŵȷƽҲ뿪
õ³ŵ¶һЦݣһͳµ棬ʧǰ
оͷβףԼֻǸ˵ˣ
¹ش½δĴ°ɣΪʲôĺȥһˣ
ò˵ĳЩ˴Ҷ硣
񰡣
ǿǱȹڰҪλȻòʲôĵȷܾˣǣô˵أ̫ƽˡ
û콵ûѹûﳼ
ǱΪᾭһ춯صĴսûС
ҪѾȫʧһˣ򲻹
ҲǵˣһЩţһΣġ˸į
ȻûΪҽģ˺˿˹һۣҲʧԭأ֪ȥ
ⳡеġսƺĻֻֻ֪һʼλˡ
ڳģûһкùӳԡ
ĵǣܶ˵ϣϣλĴ񡭡Ӯɡ
*
ԣҪһ̫࣬߳ܲס
ԭݣֻλ˵ϣָάʹù֮
СȻʣοҲǹ֮ǰͶģܶණһͨɡ
ιˡ
ſһ΢׳֦ѧʦɫļһ˵ԼõϢ
ŶӦһ䣬ܻõġ
֮ǰȴһ㣬ۣͣһº󣬡ģǼһûµġ
ջ˵仰ɹ¹µĶһ١
漴ʲô¶ûһָάǵĶ
˭֪˵ʲôܹ顭
૵Ȼû¡
仰Ź¶Σһ´μһҪúôһȭ
Եԣµעػάϡ
Сȵػ˻ͷ˸ſˣõ͸ҶӳӲӵϣֻ޷·ڷ⣬رĿÿ
ͨһ죬뿪Ѿȥһ¡

106  106 

½˽ĸºƽ, һ⣬Ҳ˺ܶ£Թ˭û, ܶ»ǵÿԼ
ⲻ֪㲻һ£
⽫ĸµʱҲɹάǴʦ, ź£ֻ
ֻ, ûκϢ
ȥ֮ظȦ, һĺڰͼž, ûĴ죬޷뵮֮, Թֻһ¡ȡ
վƽĺϣŴζĺ紵°ڣһ, ؼǰδе
ι㶼վһˣʲô
ƣϤùûлͷ, ܿ, ߾ͶһӰ, ǺŮ
˵, ͺŮ֮Ҳǲʶ
Ů˹ΣҲ, һ, һġ
ɺ棬Ҳ뺣ߣ, Ҳ˵˭˭Ҳܼļ䣬ϴ֡
ôԡ
Ȼûд֣ҲԴһģúŮûˡ
Ȼ󣬹¾ͱˡ
֣ԡŮܴ󷽣һӣһֹʲôĻС
ƫͷ˺Ůʲôһ֮ôе
ŮĻشǽһЦⲻǿЦ𣿡
ôɵĸоܰɣ
£
ֱؿһЦ֦͡ҲŮһۣҿİɣ
ŮЦĸӷΪ˳ʹЦҲֻúÿǹ£дΪ˲ŮһЦȫҡ
ӣ̹ˡڣͣ´ЦȻһӣһž¡Ե˸ֱʯγںϣŮ欵бǰȻ󳯹һۣɵʲôѽ
Ů˾ʲôģ
˵ʵ̫Ӧ̫֡ļһΪԼ̼ԺŮԸ϶ˣû뵽ȴһҪԼϥ̸ģ
ѽҲ̫ˡ
²ΪģŮԹʵôǿȴһͨС塣
²˵ʵ뻻طģԨҲ뵮֮ĵط뻹ûˡ
ܾüʹط⺣ŮҲҹ
˴ҲȷˣģŮ֮ǰǾһƳòҪ쿴ԸѺ嶼͸˼ҡ
ǼһƢɲãҪǱ֪ڵĻû㡣
²ϲŮ˿̴һ˿񣬻ҲӲһҪٶ˵ʲôͻԳ֡
ŮæͶɴ򲻹£ԼôÿҪǱҲ̫ˡ
Ϊôһ֮յҲûôӲŮóһƣһȣֻǱ¾ܾˡ
˵ɻӮ𣿡
Ůʳڣ⼸һֱҲ룬ǸµӮˣԼͺô
Ҫ˵ڰҲûУϾԼµľҲûǿֻǣĹ£Ů̲ס̽̽ڷ硣
ʵֹ֮ǰǰϼһﶼЩɣֻһҲˣЩһ˰
£ֻ˵һ飬ǲɡ
Ӵƭأλ񣬼ֱҪһȥ
գգ۾ŮһЦݣǲỹûǸɣ
ˣ
ҲشŮˣֱԭرתȥȻóһμǿʼ˳
Ůɲô򵥵ؾ£˵ҪǰµˣɾǴŮˣǲҪǰֺһ£
£
ŮһλòʵλһһϲԼĽ
ãôλģĺܺ氡
˭ã
˼̲ס˴ƫĹ²һ䣬ջתͷŮµ治Ӯ
֮ĳ˵룬Ҳǿ˺ŮĵĲûǰ˵ʲôҲãԼҲֻ˵ˡ
Ů۾΢¶һĨЦϣɡ
Ȼϣµ䣬ⲻԼϣʵֵ飬ұֵĺԣ
ȹ»شּ˵ȥǰɣҹҲǣֲܺͱ˵
棬ֻǿĺŮȻ˿±Ҫҡ
ι˵ңҲһĵӺòŮָصͦ죬ҲǣϾǡ鰡
ʵͦĽµģƲһһôһһⰮԼð
ŮȻкܶĻ֮ɴҲ֪ôҪֶ
ǰ顣·
⼸ֲ֪ôЦ˺ŮִЦñеƶ
ǰɣЦһĹ£ʮ࣬ûкԼЦӣͻȻһЩ˼ͷ
㡭òᡭС䣬㲻ϲλ
˵ȥ˭Ű
£ֻǺѡ
Ůѵѣ
һô꣬һοĺѣ˵Ĳãôİ
ôģ»ʺŮôأǹкõ
²˵Ůһתãôľ㲻治ϲɣ֮ǲʲô᣿
仯ŮˣιιιҾḻأΪЩ׻𣿡
µͷľòʲô
ŮƲƲ죬ٱ㶮
Ȼ֪ΪʲôϽλһ˵Լڡ
˵꣬Ůֱһھƣ㻹ᣬܶණԼϾͲڵġЩ΢죬ҿúñȵģӰ
¿źŮڣˣ˯ɡ仰ûйϾƾŮ˫һգ˯ȥ
йԱߣҲõİȫ⡣
ڹ£䵽֮ǰμϣ˼ȴѲ֪Ʈȥˡ
ʲô뷨
ǿܶԼҪؼңܾ˺ܶӰؼҵջ
УҪһȻǡ顣
ǵʱһðؼҵͷ鳰Цˡ
ָ˺ܶΣҲĸܵģǡÿһΣ¶Ǿܾġ
Լʹ࣬ʹ࣬һʼͿԼҪһղźŮǾ䡰ϲͲڡùĵ˲
ϲ
Ӧкøеģǡô
֮עнҲؼңɹ棬Ҫٶһˡ
ﷴô߶󣬹±Ůòعƽ߼μϣֻΣĿˡ
˯ˣ
һ󣬺ŮͷЩ»ԭλãԼֻ˸ѽҪһֱôȥɣ
˸˵ʲôȴɫһ䣬ͷա
ŮҲæȥֻƵͻȻƮƽɫ˿ߣȻԽԽ࣬ԽԽࡣ
ֱЩһ
һ
ǰµ档
⣬ŮԼص

107  107 

̧ͷܿ澰, ͬͨ˵ɻ»ҵȵµȫĬˡ
λˡ
һ̣һʱ֮侹ȻҲ֪ʲô, ֻԽԽ, ԽԽá
ʱеĸԪ, ɭĸ鶼Щ궯, Ϊ˻ӭˡ
Ȼġ˵ע, Уư, ղŵ·ֻһʲôҲܲ
Ѿɹȡ֮˼
λ´ȥô
û֪
Ӫ
Ȼˡ
üҲ, ˹
ڣ
ȥЩϼһҽ
ǣ
ɭ֡
ô죿
ǴξͰˣҲڵ
˾ͻعĸ㼱ʲôû˵, һλͲСȲͷؿˡ
ھ忴, һ˵, ΪոǸ˵, ͻصĸڣҲһʽһֻؼˡ
Ծؿһ, 漴ֿա
λ, 
ʥУվڽ̻ʵĸϣԶգһԲ
ƾʵ, ȻЩҵֻڲˡ
⼸ҲһЩ£ЩܵԽԽûãһֺԵǻ᱾ܵѰõԼֺοȥ
һ϶ͷڶǱ߾ͱȽˣɫĴڶֻһ٣ܿջȻʳˡ
ôʲô
˼ܹ顭ûԸԹԵ
*
û뵽
Ů¶һĨԳ΢ЦҴŻǺʷϵˡ
ͷ̧ͷ£µӮˣӦһҪ˰ɡ
ɫȴͦƽģĪк֣
²֪Ů뷨ʹ֪ҲҡҡͷٶĺҲûá
ҲΪˣһתʧںŮǰ
ôˡ
½뺣ԨһƬڰȴ赲⡣
²֣ϣ
߶ĳ˵֣ϣܵõһӦȻһ롢롢ʮ롭
һİ
ٲ֣Ͼ뿪ˡ´սȭдвɻûκλӦ
µֻ£㡭ʲô
ԶֻԼ¡
ͣһϢˣɡ
תһ뿪Ƭڰ
ͻȻֱһסڴͬʱĻһί
С£ȵң
ҺòײѹС˵Ҫ뿪̫ˣ
ûתͷλ
ץŵʱһ֣ͬʱϲһż΢ȵĺպơ
ɰ
ֲǰǸ΢ӣĵ¶ȷ·Ҫڻ
ɺĮûɡ
ˣ²ĸЩУУ϶У
Ҫ˵ûҾͲˣһӲС£
£У㼸갡
ôôһ£µĮҲάֲȥˣȻϻЩЦõζϽȥˡ
ϵԴƿȴǼƺɫĳ
ͷôˣ
˼֣ȴ·ʧȥһ㣬ȥеûĵÿŹ²û׵¡
Сһɫÿ
ͼɵ͹½üͷϧЧ
ôˣȻֱӱһѾסᵽǰ

̾˿վӣС£ѽ
·ߣĳ˵ĶΪ̹״ӿܴϣʵô£
̯֣ǻط
*

άǺͰ´򷢵ȥˣֻˡ
ºݺüϸϸģͷͫҲ˺ɫԼһĺڷͫ
һϵϢɼǰϢ
뵽ոӣ²⣬ֻ̹ס
˸ʵλã˰ȥʵڴˣֶֻСѧƵģͣǰµˡ
˿Լ仰ʲô⣬ҲĹ³ܲס
Ƿһ˿⣬
еĶԣֻͷ
գգ۾ðɣµȻǴ񣬵ʵûʶģֻǷĻû취һ
⣬ǹˣ
¿һ˵ȥģֱץӣأʲô
ɫİݣھǸûõķС»𣿡
ڵӾıһԹӣҪٹֵ㣬滹µС˵Ļ⡣
ϧΪŮУǵĹ²ûⳡϷסֱۡ
һϲģ̽壬ȻտһƬûκĲ
嵽ûʲôģžǱͨǿһЩӡ
ָ𣿡ջ֣۾ûкĶϣƺ˼ʲô
֪أҲԣҲУʹָһҲǰС»𣿡ڶظ⣬֪ȷʲô
·˸ۣҰҵ㡣
ҲҪˣһЩάǺͰҲߣպø
û뵽ȻԥؾܾˣҲҪΪһˣôҪŮ
˵ǽһȻȻӭǹ񣬡ҳԵʱ򣬿û
ֱ˵ɣ㵽ʲô
²ôһȦֻΪ˰ѴݶⲢ
ң²ɵӣи²⣬һѹĲ²⡣
һƮҲ£ʱ֪ˡ
ӵдա
ȴôƹ⣬ϰֱһ㣬һֳֻԼ壬һֱֻӿס°ͣԼķĿԡ
īͫīͫͫжֻб˴˵ģ
ƭңǲһ뿪
۾˲Ͽȥǲ£ϻشһĨǳĺΡ
µɴ۾һںߣ
ʲôֵúߵĵط
ܿ죬˹µɻָ΢΢ָĳ򣬡ǡǸˡ
˳ָͷһոյĶ
ɡʲôµɹȥ
˵Ҳ£Ϣ֮ƺֲֹΡ
һѹĵ׵ĲþϵĺҲʧżոյʡ
ʵӲȥ¶һֺõЦݣͣҶСµܺ
Ȼˡ
¶ʱζӳ£΢΢ſϣһʱ֮侹֪˵ʲôźá
С£ʱҪҺúòιһŶ
ȴô˻ս˹£ĴеЦ⣬Һڴġ
һ̣۵׵Ĺ⣬ôֿɰ

108  108 

Ҳͬ⣡
עŹ, Ȼ治ɫľܾ
ʲôˣ̾˿, ˵, û취ֻԼȥ, ҲܸպҵСµ硣
Ҫá, ֻСżҲһҰɡ
£
вɣluoвɣ
ƫƫ, Լǿȥ硣
һһĳʲô, ԼԺһӡ
Ҳǹµı̫Ӳûٸȥعɫ, ģĲ뵱ˣС㲻øои
µԼϵ˫֣, Ļġ
е, ҲǺЩļ֡
㶮˾ʲôûˣ
͵̧ͷ, ³
úõĴ񲻵, ƫƫҪԼȥˡǲɵӰ
һ̾Ϣ, һůĻ, һֻϹµͷģұ֤Ƕġ
ᶨùЩʧصƽ, ʲô֤
ϻ²һ䣬Ȼ̴ٵ˶䷢һЦô֤ò
һƽСµ磬ȻСµĸĸȥСʳ
ʵ̫ᣬµƤȻܿƵգ˼£ʱͻϡ
ʵ⼸£»û˯һþֻʵڿסʱŻ۱һֻҲ˯ãһСʱͻᾪѡ
µһܾ˹º֮ܶҲܼ֣ƣ
˯ɣС¡
Ĺµĺ󱳣ܵĺȣһӡ
¾ϢɵһĴϣҲ˳ȥ§ס£ۣ⼸£ˡ
ģȻҲģΪµܶȡɹ
֮غǿд˰µʶʼˡ͵컻աľٶ
ҪȫѹưµʶгȻֲ÷ơ
һһĻ˵ǷǸף׶ӣ׶üٶ滻Լһϸ׷֡
ٶӿ϶ɣ׶ӹҲðһٶ
⼸ν龫ǣ³һҲˣ¾Ĳˡ
ңµ汾꣬˻֮һַ֮Ĺչ˳Щ
ճɹԼ
Ҫ᲻԰µܲƽֻЦһ¡
ڰµǿȡ֮ģһʵʩƻʱоѾǸˡ
һˣȻûʲôεġ
µҲȫûԼ˼ֻһߣһάĹ߰ˡ
ٺޣҲϲƫҲɹԼԸ
Կģֻй£ˣҪԼĶñƤ׼ɣ
Ǽ⸡ŹµϢǲɹһЦʵĽͷ˹µľ䣬˵ľܽէһֻΪǶԶС¡
Ҫ˦ңҲͬġ
*
һ˯죬ֻǰδеˬ̲סһ
С£ˣ
ǰͻȻһʹٺÿҲѹ²д˯ˡ
һֱ⣿
¿Χֻ֪άǺͰȥˣ
ڵʵʲô
ִսһ֣ǰһֱСء
˯ŵС£Ҳɰ˺þòûȥġ
ʲôΣշԣ
һһƽϣȻ϶Լȱ
Сȥģ
ϸȥһйȥȥģһҪ粽ļơ
ޱתͷ´һۣЩëʱͻȻ֡
ǣһ߱ȹҪ߳һͷļһͱùķʽ

ͣͦ顣
ôߵ§ס˹µĲӣͷڹµļϣСºŶŮ籾
¶ĳ˵ĺƤᣬɫ˿䣬ֱӷҪ׼һ£ȥˡ
ǵģȻѾˣǹ¡ûȥˡ
Ļؼҡ
ѽʱԳӺܿӻûѣЩһҲûʲôøġ
ô꣬ͿˣҹЩһԼ뿪ӿİɡ
˵ĻĹûٳڷԣֱдһЩ֣Ȼһ䣬ʧ
Ǹ̻ǱϢģֻ˵˲õİµ汨û˵£Ͼ
ôҲǰʧȥ˭֪᲻˾ʲô湦Ч֮ǰҪ
ǿҲܵ͹ж֮ʣ²ٶ¶ˡ
ˡ
άǳ£һԵĬĬ˸ۡ
һŹ˯˾ռ˼ұˣƫƫ³Ѻò˯һĹ£û˵
ţȥˣ±άһѱסͷЩľƬ˳һ䡣
άȳѣ˰ĸףúѵһ
ݰ˺ܺãȥ˺üطҲٶ
άھһСؼȲĸ׻㱨ճ̵ĺӣù²ʧЦǰ鵱ĸ׵ĸо
ιιιСô˵أ
ˣʲôѵһ٣ǡҪǿ
ЦʱƬСռ䣬ȰҲ˵ˡ
Ҫؼˡ
άϵЦ˲佩סŹ·Ҳ֣⣬ô𣿡
еؿ£ϣ˵ֻǿЦ
ϧϿЦ
άڵģһʮҵĺӣԼҪӣԹ΢΢ƽ룬άǣܿʶ㣬ǣֻһͣ㻹кܳܳʱȥʶµĻ飬ȥʶƬ½õĶԡ
ֿ򰲣һǵġ
λƶά˵ģֺγǶ԰˵ģֻάǸξվֻõĻ䡣
߲
ʦͿ˹֮ǰѾˣҲûҪ˵ˡ
Щ
۾һգϵȫȻռ䣬չµ־ȥǵˡ
άҲܵһ͵ǿӿڡǹµ
һأǲģȻͿһԿϷ
Ҳͬһһ𡣡
Ϲµֱۣ˭ҲֿܷҺС¡
ڹ¿ĽǶƵؿһ۰

۵˲ð棬ƾʲôԡ
άǺͰͬʱð仰εΪһǸ̬ҪǲڣԻ磬ֻܰˡ
ȻһԼĻϲûһ˿䣬͵ǰǰֻСµĻ
άǻ˵ʲôɹѾղǣ֣ҪˣǱء
ٸȥֻиĲᣬܵʦԿ쵶ն飬ؼˡ
ҫ۵İ׹ס˹º˹ǸϵʱÿһĨӰ
ǣûиϡ
½Ϊ˭ͲתΪµӣҲԽԽá
ºҲһԽԽá
֣ޣɣһֻ˻

109  109 

, оô
ǰһλ׻ɫȹŮеؿŰŮʱʱλЩݵŮ, ٴֱ, ƺȷŮ
öˣҽ˵һݾܳԺ, ȥؼҵͿˡ
Ů, Ҳǹ¶һǳǳ΢Ц
, ģ˳Ļص˼, ٴŲһոչȥꡣ
ΪȿչɽĹ»˰꣬ǰǰеʶ
ɹѹ, νùذֹ̻ǰĺʢ˵С
ڹذֹǸûãһֱŹ£˲ٹ
ڹ֤Ȱ˵ȥһֹˡ
ʢ͹һҲǴʵϰ, ҲǼʱһ
ȥæ, ҲҪ˯ˡ
»ӱ, ɽ, Ȼ۾ˣȴ, ޷˯
ʧɢˡ
ͬԼмк, һ˶ʮ磬ȫȻǸڻ
ԭҲӦú͹ȥһһԼƥȸұϣ̫֮⣬û
ҪԼ, Ҫʲô߻ᷢʲô˭Ҳ֪
ֵһﻹ㣬ȹ·ʱŷ·һСһ졣
ĹҲû취;ֻͣץʱһЩҪϢ¸Ͼµ˵󲻴˵СҲСû˴һ˲ס
¹֮ǰ£Ҳ̸ֻֽ˭Ҳ뵽Ķ
˳Ҳôÿһ
ֻ롢ͥסַȵȹ¶ǿ¹ȥˣûκϢ
ȻΪԭ򣬹ذûаֻȶ£̫˴ܺúϢ¹ȲڸϢС
ֻҲһٶλҪİӵ绰һҪԼ
Ϊ˻ܵ˹ذֹʣֻǱ²ƴڻȥˡ
ԽԽǵģԼڱҽԺϾԭ壬ڵֻһͨˣ˰꣬ҪָƱҪʱ䣬οŮеĹذֹҲù»ûʱܡ
̫ƣŹ»̲ס˯ȥٴۣͿĸĸ
ֻǹɫЩ֡
裬ʲô𣿡
軹ûڣذȴЦſˣһѧΪ׷ӿˣȻ費˵䣬ѧǵƬһã˺ÿ
˵ʱ򣬹ذԼЦһž͸ܵԼɱߣذֻŮĿ¼ȥ
һ䣬ÿ
ҵʱסˣˡ輱һ䣬ȴǲɱһ˿
Ҳǣʮ࣬ŮôˣһСῴۣȷЩ˼
֮ģ˽֮ѽʲô˼ġذЦ˹һ£񽻻䣬һ⡣
ֳԹĹ£
Ҳһ˿棬ʲôѽ³ģҿƬ£
ù趼۵ģǵǶµȻ漫ˣȴֽЩƿıӰͷ΢ЦúϢС˧硣
£裬ҿһ۾ôԼ𣿡
ĳ˵ĺĻǰ˹Ĵ΢Ц£ЩƵعԹŸĸһЩѧУ﷢Ȥ¡
ܿ죬Ҳ֪ǵ£ȫ£ȵһܺԺ廹Щ⣬ͨѾûв
µļڽ⣬ͨĸ¥ͬһŵСԺ
ذֹϲ徲Ҳϲ¥õĸоȻŵڵլУԵҲͳлأƯĻɫ
ߣרŵ鷿ʹң͹ذֹº͹ĸһٷ࣬˵ʮֳסҲʡ
ڽĵؼ۷˺üǼҲδס
̣
һ۾ͿſڵḶ́СܣڹġСĵ㡱һѱסˣȻõһͷ
ֲôϲͷأ
ʱ꣬һڷԣȻǰٸнرԹ˵ֹֻ꣬ľߵˣЩ£͵Լܰɡ
ؼûʳ޲ϰߣ˳ƾ˹ԺĴ㡣
ȻŮȥʲôർȦεû
裬ֻǸʲôûΣգºö˶ڼҲȥĻû˵ڣѾЩϬˡ
ȰŮ䣬Ϲᳶ˳뵽ŮųԺҲȷŹ⡣
ֻǲĵص˹ذһۣ⸸Ůһģġ
޹ǣĹذ㬵ӣֻ¶һԴֺõ΢Ц
һٷڻ½ҲȥϢϢõԼֻԭǸˤˡ
ϴ꣬ɵԼѾõĴϣ·һ̾Ȼϻ˵öԣѲԼġޣŲǹѡ
ͳֻغAPP¼ȻһϢըһЩظˣֿ˵绰ͶŴ
İδӵ绰ûУΨеļһҲ֪ǹ档
ȥˣ
òʲôûźŵƫƧɽ壬߸ڻ
ԼȥŪѰЧ
뻹ȥȽϴ罻APPϷ˼ϢһЩֻйºܶİţϣĳܿ
Ȼ¾ҪЧѰ˰취ˡ
౰ĩ桹
аʱҶڼңҲ֪ġ

ʢмϵ꣬ʱҲˣصֻ˯һ˳
أѪ˧Ϊ˿ٱ죿
һͷ΢Цĸգ˽£ܿǶôºڷīͫĵòÿһֶǡôΪˡ
£
ֲֻһ£æƪģͨƪڿòģôʸǿţʲôһ׷ιԵȵȣĹ¶Щһһ㶵ġ
ҲܴпһЩϢǰǰΪһ·ĵƬͻȻġ
ƬҲƪ￴ˣӣֻаƫƫһƬµѣ¶ĿǴﵽ塣
£졢Ĺһ˵ȥǰŵ
ĺܸӣƽµİҲСͻȻ˱ǵСһôԼɻ
¸տʼϤ磬ҹ£ڰ¶ȥˣˣа취Լɡ
»һг̣ԼڳвԶ̫æǷҲа
ԣһΪʲôϵԼ

110  110 

һ, ҲھǰȥһԵСķʵǱ˻ȥ
λĴһͲͨ˳ʱƮƮһ˲ֱ, οʺͲ鲻ݵı
ҵ, Щ黹ٹΪ
СĬĬȥԼˣҲͣĿĵϹתơ
³Ժ, Ҫٲϵ, º󲻺ý, ǡ
˿Լ֣ʵ, ǸտʼʱǼ͸ӡ
ɹŹ磬Ҳ˵С⡣
֮ǰ͹, ҪԼۣҪôûи߹£˵ʱҲ֪
ÿ綼ķ, ΪԱ, ϶Ҫ˳ŷ, Ȼ, Ҳûùӳԡ
һĹԣʶ, ͷԼӦĽ֮
֮
Ҫ֮ܶܶά, ȻԼʣֲ˼ͻ᳹ױ͸žǹ¿˵ġ
ڹµ¹ܸӦƽ, ʱûʲô⣬ܰȫҲļˡ
Ե֮ǡ
ǴʱɴδΪжûУǿġ
Ϊ棬õµȥⶫû뵽ڻԼһʱ֮侹Ȼ֪֡
ã޾֮·һȺ壬ǽǣż
ֽ˷ܵ˵һ֣һ˿֮ͻƮûС
ǣֺճ̶̰µʱƾòռƽ̨İס
ҲΪԴԴϵ֮ٳɶ࣬״ȶҲæûʱȥ¡
Ҫ˯ҪԷʵ鷳ĺܣֱڣյÿ컹ĸСʱһ͸
Ҳ̫ͻȻûиЩ֮µѩһվɢ
ڹѾԺѧʹõֻʼɳϷ
»᲻żԼ
᲻Լôòȥ
ںǸĸһסԼڹȥ᲻´鷳
ҪԼ״ȫȥһǣ

ȷеֻյЩ̡
ԼµС￪ʼֹÿһпվֻҲҲʲôǹ
Ҳֹֻڹ˾ʮֿѾֱΪ˺üȥϵһֻҪˡ
ĿǰϢЩͺ󣬿СһֱģҲ֧ĳ棬ò˵ү治ƽ
ô˳úݼҲã
͹˾˵һ£ҿճ¡˼֮ĲСͻȻĳһȻӦ˼ʱˡ
磬аƬҪģԼԾ
СȻϣһ˲䣬ԼֻҪٶ˵һ֣Ҳ̫ˡ
ûʲôƬ
СԼһϴҲľˣֹ˾Ķɶ绰
ΡΡ˵Ҫ󣬱Ϊӭһٴû뵽λֻ󣬾ͬ͡͡ˣ
Ȼ˲õıɣ
˰ɣϽʰһ£Ҫȥ·һЩ
¶ַ꣬ڷ»һЩź޴룬һЩء
˵зһżĸҪ
Թ¶Ըĸӳ̶ȣһҲԼԺܲ˳Сһ
⡭ôأʲôʲô
ǺãµϹԣ˵һᱻС´ģǾѰɡ
С
ݹʣоЩˡ
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֪ϢĹ°˯һþʲôԭ֪û¾ͺãΪʲô
˾֪ˡ
󲡳ĹµڶȻˣ;ֻйι࣬ȻʹҴҳš
ȹٴø緹
ĩذֹûΣҲϹ˯ʱһЩ¸ˡ
ʢʲôʱ
ɣҲ֪ƻûء
ҲԷҸ㣬Сﲻ֪
СԶԵ㰡
̣ٳԾҪˡ

͹̵߶ùº͹ذһЦĳεģֻ˵һ뷹
ţ⻨еˡ
๾࣬ڹ費ͬ£ºһˮûȷˮͻȻ
ʢȥŰɡ
ţϹȥֹ˹µĶ
жԴ޵̬ùЩΣҲϺĸϴ˳ѾĹذ֣һ䡰װϰ˳һ˿ǡ
ذʧЦƤ˵Ѿſȥ
±Ϊһʢشкû뵽ȴ˹ذɻѯǣ
ãµѣðŰݷãʵڱǸ
ѵ
ǹ輱СȻйµĿײӵ

*
ԱߣĸּһǹʼΪĺѣͻȻֵ
ذֹڸд̵ֺͦǵģƺϲ
ڹ¡
ԱߣµĽźݺݵĳˣϧ·ʧȥʹ˿ûʧ̬
ǣôʶģ
һ֮ذȿڣСӽ뿴ƬϻҪÿ˽ԼŮе˵ʲôտأ
Ҫ˵ġҲǲܡ
ֻΪףȻֻǵĿ϶ࡣ
뿪ڣȲ廰ˣżȻʶģ뵱ԱҸպǸ飬ʶˡ
ѣЦ
ڹ²廰ʱλҲûκβ뷴ĸоǰ̬ùذԼʱ
˵ҲԵ֣͹һɣ˽ô꣬Ȼżа죬ìǴûУȤʲôһ£Ҳ˼ҿһ춨Ե
ˣԼΨһĺӣŮӵĻϣذֹܹҪһЩСĽ
ȦģֳһʵЩİ
¹·˵ĹϵЩʵںװû
ذֹ軥һۣĬؾȾ䣬ȻóóȻ׷ʡ
ûԷɣȡ
ౣ̣䷹ôûأ
ʢһɻؽݣȻһ۾Ϳ˷·ڷ
һû˯ѣ
ʢ۾ٶһ
ǡǣǡ
ҿǵķǶԺģȻǵñھͶ߲ɡ
ʲô£극˵ǺϵĹذַˣȻû˻ᷴ
ȻзǹⱲͷ۵һٷʢߣһֱȲ䡣
һھһһۣϻƤЦݡ
˵ʱʱһ۵λؼҳˡ
ݺһڷﰵģˣˣ

111  111 

гʱ, ΪԵЩĲɣͣʱ¾ͷԼЩˡ
Ű費, ȵһ, ȻõһݵЦⲻûкܺõİ, ԼȡֵĴ
, üȥ, Ͻ˵˵ô°ʢôùһûһľ׶˰ɣ
ʲôüȥ, ᲻ó
ĹȻʢ飬ǺһģʢĴѧרҵǺѧ
ʮĻʢû˵, ִսһЩһ˵˧磬, ҹˡһɨһ, һ԰ı顣
£, һ˵
Ƕȥ˳, °סʢ, 𶯣ҪǸҸ, ʱƬҾͷȦȥ
вȻպץסʢߣֻŹ³Ȼ˾ȥԺӡ
ô£ѹ͵ɤЩյ, ¾Ͳĳ˵ˡ
ȻԼ޹ԼոձֵĲ𣬿λŮԶԼӦͦġ
Īŵ¼Ҫ˲ˣĽë΢΢һЩܵĵͷС¼Ҳ𣿡Ƕȿƽ
㻹˵ôΪʲôҷ
Ϊҵ˵״
ѹˣžЩѹĸоҲһ㶣֮ǰЩʲôҲ˲ϣʲôôˣ
뵽֮ǰ˵ҪԼ壬ѵ۵;гʲôˡ
Ҳţ̧Լ֣ҿһûҲûغһӣӵ¾Ȼһذ͸ֱۣ
۾΢΢ɴǽһ֣ô
̾˿С²õģѾûʲôˡ
üȻΪ仰Ĳȥͷβԭԭҽһ顣
ֻ·ݣЩҹذڳҲ˶ãʵڲǸ̸µĵطͺʱ
ֻᣬ˵ʵ˽ʵЩڻǸǣһ
µһ˲ܶͷٴ̧ͷʱ۵Ѿû֮ǰȵȰɣȺҽȥ˳ҵĻ˵Ű
˵ʱȥһԭضһ룬ס죬ƺԼЦ
֪СԼûз֣صԸ˲٣¸һЩΪߣк
ҲǹһҪԭɡ
ڣȻذѾǣʢƴ¼üŪۣ֪봫ʲôϢ
ǡ
һʱ֮Щӣոչ½ʱλһԼŮڲǰԲ¶̬
뵽ҽԺʱһѯûİӵ绰ʱӣ͹ذֶһۣһͷԼҵСײ˵Ҫˡ
֣衭
ЩֵֹķΧù¿ڽһЩǣذֺܿѻȥ
ҺҪȥ顣¿ʣذϽ˵ûʲô⣬ʹ˶ڼѡ
ʢλ˺úڼɡ
ذֹ趯ܿ죬ûþֻʣ˺ͳ緹Ϣġ̡Ǽһʮүү
ౣʢ˷ֹܱˣЩǸ⵫ؿѣҺһеҪ̸ܲԼ᣿
ʢºҰ
¶ô˵ˣʢȻܾܾԹ¼Ĳ죬ȫҪк
򱻹´Լķ䣬ڿ̸̸ˡ
Сµķɰ
û뵽ĵһһ㶣Ҳôá
Īڵ״̬Ǹʲôʵ۲̫༱ȻԼôʲô
ȲʵһҲ˻ȥЩеذûʼ
ϲ˹µ仯˼Ӳºм䣬ЩίֻǲСµġ
Сµ֮ӦҪǿҵԺҪܶܶ塣
֮㣬Ҿͻ͸ȻʧǿԻ֮
ʱûС£ҽԺ˶࣬Ҳ¸С´鷳
򴽣ǷƽϢҲ𣿡еᣬ֪ԼûʸҪô죬϶ææ
µһ˵УǶǶԼ
Ϊ֪һ˵ʲôãһֱϣһֱԥȻҲ¶ŻС´鷳
˶ֻ꣬Ҫ룬ûжҲܰѹµ¸߰˷֡
֮ǰ˵Ǹúӣƽ磬ͥһģǸεٺãҲӹЩ˵۾
ΣԼǷҪĿɲ
¶϶кøеģȷҪģǡݺøС
С°
һµ̧֣Լʱץס˹µ֣һתλûһֻڹ±󣬷ֹײ
ҪǲԸɵ飬ûܱ
˵ľܽܵԴԴϴɱЩȡ
˵˵ΪʲôҪ߳ܵĶĲѧģ
ԽžԽ׿СƵ޷ĺһС
෴ֻҪԸ£ΪҶԸȥ
С£ҪǸŶ
ҪģЩ
΢΢𣬡ҪĹȥСһ°ɣ
˵ˣԭЩȴƽˣ۵¶һ˿

ǲǿ˲߰ĵӾ磡
ʵĻȴǿ϶ƿԼֶͻʮǰͲˡ
Ҫ㳤ĿԣԻᱻ²ģʲôӦ֪ɣ
һ䣬ңҪǻŮˣ˵ոյЦ
͡壿壿
۵׳𾪣ôҲû⼸ܺԼϹϵ
˵ĿڣոӪ˲ʧӰ٣˵ĺÿ۸ҳôÿ
Լ⼸֣ԭĳɡ
ԵؿԼһĳ΢΢ļ򣬡û˵һ仰
һ˾Լ˧ʱ򣬾ʱ򡣡
ˡ
⸱ģ۵һ˿Ц⣬Щףֻǡ
Ǹٸʱ䡣

112  112 

ûкڷ̫, ˽ϵʽһ¥ڿӵʢ˲̧ͷɴ۾ɨˡ
ƺ뿴ûʲô˿, ºʲô, һһ򶨣Ǹողμѧ̳
ʱ, Ҳ˻ûܹ, ʢԵ, ۡ
ۣȻһ𣿡
ǰ, Сĳġ
ǡȥΪ
ҲǴˣС²ǱർԺܺи๲ͬ⡣
⣬ҵ찡, 

ƤĶԻ㵱߹£Ҳ֤һ仰˵죬ƭ˵Ĺ
һʲô߰Ĺ, һ飿Ϊ֪ʱԼֻһߡ
, ЩӲԸĿ, ǿиϳš
ǵȹһͷ, ʢͺضʵ, ǲҪѵˣ
, ܴС浽󣬳ΪùһҲԭģgetʢĵ㣬ؿһ, ֮ǰͺ˵Ҫѵû뵽ȥˣʲôû
ۿֳ̣
轵С˲ɳϡһšʢʼռŹ¸ոմ󲡳ûº֡
ƽ飬ָѾת㣬ʱ䣬ذҲûˡ
ºʢһһɳһûһ졣
Щ͸ĸ˵͹۾ˡ
Ҳ֪ϲ𣿡ʢһεĵ٩У¶һ˿ʵ
ʢ˸ۣϻС
ʮĹۣ˽ʢʢҲͬ˽£Ȼ¹ĹЩ仯ų첻٣Щǲġ
ҪǶ˼ûøУǸŶʢĻʵȷ
ǼܲŮС󶼲ȱ׷ߡ
ǴǴС֤˸ĸİ飬ⷽҲޣοйذǰЩ׷ܾ̫ɣȫ
Щˣµ̬ʢĻ˵ǡЦص˵ĵĻ
ƫƫΪµЩ˻ỳǲԼ˻ˡ
ǣڿ¶̬ʱʢ֪ˣӣҵСײҪˡ
Ȼͷ˧ǡ黹Ǻܡ
ù²֪ʢģȻһսƲɱ⡣
ǡҡ
̾˿һѡ
ʢӵУ»ǼᶨѡĿͷ
ͣλ׷ΪǸѷ˺ҪĶѾЩѹԼֲ尮Ρ
⻰ʢдˣ϶˼֣мֲţǸǲɵ
ΪʲôҪ壿
ͬȣǸ׷Ҳ̫ƽ˰ɡ
ʢİٷְȫǰŮ֮飿
кøУϲ㣬ֻҪʲôˣԭϵĴһֲ
ʢķùһʱû˵˵ȥ
౰֪Ϊ̶԰ǿأ˵а񱶼Ϊǡ
ʢս£͹ǣǺǲһģԸҲþҲãһŶ۵ġ
Щɫӵؿϲʢҵǵһηڲôãң㲻Ҳʮ𣿡
ʢ԰΢΢ͷûŮ˾õİʦΪǿ𣿡
£ʧˡ
ɫЩ⶯ʢٽȥȥ£ʵϰܿ˧磬á
ʲôôѲż϶ˣʵϣʢһμء
ֻΪ¡
ֻҪϲ֧֣֪ԼãԲΪ˰ҪҪ
ھģ֪λþǰˣҪûøУ˹ȫңõҲֻǸм
СӣԹ尡١
ؼЩʱҰײ˵һƤ
һ˽ˣĺһܿɰƯЩĶء
ĻԼǲҲýˡ
ҲС
ԥһӾ˾
ҲеСˣΪڴǰ޹ѧ֣Ҫľʵϰġ
ԼǾ³££ҵ¡
ʲôдһ֣ԣֻҪŬһ£Ҫѧһꡣ
ذ½ʵϰ£˵⻹һС¡
ո·룬ҪȥһϷִ磬ҪȥʲôɽҰ룬ҾڸУȫʵϰ
һ仰飬ȫѾ
ȥذֹǵİţȻĶ
ҲԼˣܱ¶ǵĹϵܸչˣԹı˽
С
ǣڼһڣ׼û£ֺ͹ĥӲһ󣬹վ
ⲿɴ̼ǾԵһжĺֵܻ˵Ů·ľ籾͡ưɡ
ΪС·ģҵĳʲôһģ
΢飬˸ءıȥϣ㡣
Ϊ֮ǰҲھʵϰһʱ䣬ԶһЩİҾʱ˼ۣ¾ߵǱ·
С£Ҹղ˧ɣ
ϢĿյ¾յϢըոմһ仰Ѿü
ǧעⰲȫ
Ȼ磬ɱЩҶʹϷǻĿ϶Ҫû뵽һľϲ
ĶҪ˵û¶ûš
awslôô˧
ΪƬƵ϶ˣû뵽˸ÿأԲҪǽˡ
ѽˣЦЦˣ̫̫̼ˡ
ԱСǼ·ֻϵָһ٣Ȼ󡭡ң
أ̲ס

չȥտɣ֪һҺܺóԵģԲᱻ˷֣
ԼʵϰιĴ⼸ÿ϶ҪȥʳԼԲһȦ
ȥҪʡ
Сôݣ
һϿʼֹȻ»Լܿͻֵס
һһϷһǱȽΣյıըϷ¾ȫ׼ҵﶼǽŵضˣԼûԼȭͷյж
¡
ըƽ
ΧȥʰʱҪ߳һص׼ؿ˹·
¶һõЦݺһƣԼûµơ
һ
ҡҡͷͬЦˣͻȻ뵽ʢ֮ǰ˵Ļаٷְٵİ飬ϲһ¡
ţ̫˰ɡ

113  113 

ʮ, ĳտ̯һС
Ƶĵƹ£ֵҹУæµһϲɵķΧԼ, ˭Ҳûע⵽ǸС
סջֱĹЩؿǰϷŵһʳ, пըģк߲˵ȵȡ
˳ôһѶЩѾ, Ѿֲ֡
θǸ޵׶, ϵĶʹһҲܳꡣ
С, Ҫ𣿡
ԣζ, ܳʲôҪȷԼ֪Ūسһ, 㵱
ôˣ
»ҧҧһտҧһں¶һЦݣȻ״һ䡣
һ٣ͦõġ
Ϊ֮ǰĵĵһ֧ѾͶ, Чܲ, ǼƷ⼸컹˺ü, ²Ʒֵ˺ü
Ƕ̶һֶӵƵܵݼ, һһ̲ס뾪ԣҵʿֱӾ˵ǰ;
, ֮νֱǼ, ҲνĺԮķ˿
ҪǣЩ֮ڹάÿĵģмСʱ͸һиһЩСˡ
Ŷ, ٳ𣿡
տ̯˲٣ǵλȻڽôʳɲǹµԸ񣬳ǡѾȷˡ
еտ˲䲻ˣ¶ЩؿŹ£Ҳƭ㣬֮һ̶ȣһٳ񡣡
ǣҲֻСһ𡣡
ʱ򻹲ף˵治
ҲͬеĶֽ˲֣ߡ
ֻͷϴ˶ñӣΪҪԶʲôȻûеģڵ˳ôҹȴһҲû֣Ͳµ˱ĺ塣
㲻ֱӸңֲһδδҹԼ֣ǡ
֪֪⼸
ػصķʽҲͷۣƫƫ´˿ĵʵûмֺЦûΪһǵĲֻԽԽǲʺһ뷨
С£𣿡
ʵЩСҲû뵽ð취ֱܲӺ͹˵ҿֻ
С¾ֻᡭ
԰ɡ
˼ϣЩŵؿ£ʮֻԼոǲǲ˻þ
ԡԣû𣿡۾΢΢ɴĪ˾мֿɰǸ˼𣿡
˲ս£еõһȷ𰸣ΪµõϢء
˳ս׼ֻǡѵʲôգ
ûҲǸ˼
ʱ̹ʼˣһ˾ϲֱ
ҷԼͦϲģȻҲϲңΪʲôԣ
һĲʣҲԡ
ûһֱӴ˹µĻȻһѱĳŮת˸ȦȦǿ֮ϣһһֱһֱһģ
ͻȻڿյĹʧЦιϻտζأ䵽ϡ
ԴֱˣҲҪСȫҵζû˸㣡Ϊ֪С¿в׷ߵģȻһҲϣЩˬ
ʲô֮ʣ
ȻǱ˼ȺĹһʱˣ˲Щ죬죡
ν߳ŭžָڵģ
ûб죬߶ȥⲿϷǾȥ㸸ĸҡ׸ʰɣȻͿ԰񣬽顭
СϲȻҲ̫ϲ̣СϲĻһҲᰮġ
õʲô⣬ҿѡ
ͣͣͣ¼æͣ˵ȥĹѡĹƶóˡ
ŴĿʼָһûôģҪȱҵȻٹٿ
ڶϵȲΪݡҪҲ㰡
ԽԽùʱˣҿ϶ṫġ
ֻܸ֤е㡭ҪһЩ¡
ھһȨƵˣɲԴ棬˳Ĳ˼飬п϶һЩ
µȻʲôԣԼҪͨԼһġ
һ˲ˣЩĵز£ҲʲôöûУ
»رסǰôÿͻá

Ψһֻʣ
ı͸˼̫ԣ̲סЦҿЦģܺúܺãھͿõĹʲôġ
ˣһкܶôģСԺ֪ˡ
¼ЦԼûԼϵЦǶôġŰǴڿʼˣԺָѽ
һдݵĵͳЦָ̣ҵģŮѡ
˵ͬʱѾܵŴ¶ȣԾ˲䣬˲͸о˽һ¡
Ȼͷʹһ˿εС£ҿǿƵĺġ
£
鷳ƣһû׼áһ飬ԡ
ֻܴһ˿йζؽ§ĸЩŰɡһ졭
ǣһͨͨտ̯ǰºʽΪŮѡ
˳ָһ˿ˣȥⶼúܶࡣ
֣
Ƶͷǰµĳˡ
ô𣿻أСȥɣµֽۣȻôֿ
·ѾˣһҪġ
ҿԡڹСȥֱһȻؿŹ¿ţ䣬š
˵ʵһȫ赲ǰסԼЩ궯ģһ뿪Լȥ
ôСѾŮˣҪͣܡ
ǵЦʢ֣ڵ˫ڻ谵ĵƹԵЩأҲǸʢ˰ʾȻеõġ
ԥҪҪڱըϷܵõƣתһЩˣС¾ԻֶᷢջǷͷ
ǸˣˣСֶʲôĸ
СǸúӣֻҪһֱһԼҲһǸˡ
ʱֻһ£˲ͿϢǹ·
ء

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緹ʲô
ԷС
۴ҹ죬ǸأһҲǡ

114  114 

̸, ±Ϊǰ̫𣬿Լˡ
һд˾
֪ǰľٶֻС, ԴӶ, һ˳̶ȼֱɥĲĵز
Ҳ֪ǶôϷҪģ;Ҫȥĸ, վ̨ȵ, ôЩʱģ
Ϊһؿ㲢ҳŮ, »ǰѵСë
Ȼ˯ʱ⡣
С, Ҳ
ܱǸҲĸСʱû棬ʵû취˵㡣
ù, ˼˵¾ͻʱʱ̿һСһ㶼ҡ
ΪǷݶһ˰ɡ

ûϾǵճԻĵҲͦĵ, ϾʹǹҲΥĵذԼǸĨƽ
ⲿΪݺ͹Աĸ, Ԥʱ仹ɱ졣
ɱ, Щȶ˵ĵһο, Ϣض˹ȥС, һ, ʱⲿҲһᡭ
Ӧ˼䣬ȴһֱעһĹ£Ѿ˵ڶơʱ۵ײһ
ɱ, æµ̶ȣӦҪҹȥĹġ
Сߵķ֣λһʧˣֻѾûеһʱôţյĶźʵʵʰöԼ˾Ŀĵظȥ
λдûٵ˾ҲԼֺοûȤ
ڴʱ͹ǣںӱɢ
΢紵µһ˿ҲɢƫͷѵðҾҪѧУˡ
Ȼ͸еԼһĳ
ġƵҪþüСˡ
Ҳһ£ǿÿƵ˳ëУôæҡ
û뵽仰֪ĸ㣬ֱ˰ѹЩ΢ҵͷУΪѵȨ񣡡
£аɡ
׵ҹ˺ܿߵ˾ͷ¿ʱ䣬ˣǻȥɣ첻ǻй𣿡
Ҫľڳˣ˯ʱ٣¶ĵĻûеõͬ
ʮˡ૵Сʽһʮˡ
ͷʺţʮôˣǸְӦòڴʲôҪӰɡ
ͣ½ŲŹҲתֻƵĵƹ£۾·ǣһԴ˷ܵ˵ʮ첻ɣС¡
𣿡
ˡ
ԼľһƬϼ˲Ⱦ˹µգ⣬⡭᲻ᡭ
ѵЩͣ񶼲ҶģЩգôش𰡣
ãˡ
һ¸оԼ°ͱ΢΢̧𣬻ûʳʲôʱһӰסߡ
漴΢ŵϴһȣģһ˿ˮζ
¡סˡ
˫īֱֱͫϣ൹ӳŶԷӰؿͨԼҲ̫û˰ɣһ
С£ߵĻԱ۾Ŷݼ䣬ڹеģҲع
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Ǽ᲻̫Щ
һͷµ˼ܿ챻ϽһΪĴ
аԵרᣬò״סԼȻôŹ
ССʱʱ̴̿߰
Σյͷջڹˮ˫ˣЩκȫͻطСĳһ
ѾˣǡҲԶ˰ɣ֪ʱС»᲻ȫСأ
һֿɰֿɡ
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ذѾüٵʱ֤ŮҪʱ̣
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ڼǰֻû˵ôһЩ֣պĵ⣬Ȼ˳ƴ˳
ذǵãֻù±Լ࣬ʢһ±թʮױǩ
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濪ʼˢµ۾Ļٶȣû뵽ôֻһС°
Լƽʱ̫𣿹²ɷ˼
ܿ͵˱ҵ죬Ȼǵֻͣйذֹ裬һԣһڹǰġ
ȻװһֲµĻ۽𾦣ǣǴϣ
ûСǵģһϲû˵
СС
±ƺһ£ӦģҲǸ˳·һûл尢̵緹أʱæĶûʱԣ̫лˡ
ѽ˹æҲҪע壬Ȼ˾֪ˡ
̣һס
ΪԹߵĹЩЦһ֮飬ĺøӦѾˣƻиɾͣϲɹĸ
һԵĹذЦҡҡͷСӣǰ;
ֻҪŮã㲻ǻ£ذֿɴӲΪʵ˾ǺϹ
ŮȻֵõģ

115  115 

Ҫ׶, ˺ͰߣȻһ£ʹǹҲ̲סЦĸЩ
ذֹԼ, ˸ȫλ¼µĸǶȺͱ֣Ǿ, էһͦרҵ
, 尢̺͡
»͸ĸһļţȻû뿪Ҳͬרҵѷǡ
ѡ
´󷽷, ֻڵģϳеѡ
ǡȦڵģ
ƫƫĴ, Ů۾һҪû˲Ųװ磬ΪѧУԭ򣬽˲ټߡ
ѧУҲǶĵӰѧԺ, һѾüСͯǳġ
˻û侵ͷģһۼ⿴˹ߵĶ
֪ôע⵽֣ѧУû
Сϸںܿ챻, ֻзܵ˷, һ죬¶ߵ, Ҳ׬ˣ
Ǻ͹¿ѣȻƣô, ҲЩͷԱߴתһ͹¹ϵȺ͹ذֹк
Ŀͷŵϣ۵׻ڸǲס˷ܺ
Цһڱ˵СôĻ±ҵҲ΢ͷһ°ɡ
Ǻá
ѹ͵һҲֱ治ĸǣֻǲλǰùϵ
ö˶ϧûϵء
ǰǰôȥĶܷ⡣
԰ԺǻҪصЯأǰҲǣԺա
һһͨϵʽƺǺ˳µ飬Ͳ·ƣ˸磬ٺ˼
˼Ҷˮζ̫Ũˡ
ŮһЦ
ˣǼȻǹµѣܲ͵͵Сϲʲô˵ֻÿζͼ
Ů
ڳǣ
治֪ϲʲô
֪𣿡ʧӿ͸ˣðɣΪأû뵽
û뵽ʲôĻͬʱһݣ뿪ڣȴͻȻ˳
ˣǴ㻻طͲˡ
Ϲذֱֹۣʹ˸ɫ˾뿪˴ֻ뿪ǰĳЦһ¡
ȵһΪϽûЦˡĶƵͻȻһƽ̨ϻ
СպáĽˡáɫ仯¼ȴûˣҲˡ
һƬЦ
Цˣѣ˼Ѱɣ
һװ

ôҲСһѣǲ֪᲻Ὺˡ
ҸٵĵطСҲļŰɡͻȻոŮıȻù⡣
ԼŮѹϵ֪ˣΪµѣ֪֪֪Ļô֪Ļôһֱ֡
־ȻӰŹе֡
Щ˿ܻһˣͥüŮ²̨ǺûȵģĸĸײϣŮʱվ˼أ
ִšˣܲŮ˵¡ŵǿߵġ
ذôˣҲΪܵģҪȻ˿ܻûôء
ȻͷӦֻƲͷһ۵дһ仰Ŀ𣿡
΢΢ۣڿ¿飬Ѿܸܵĳõ顣
֪Ļˣ
*
ɹҵĹûȥдĵһ籾ڼϢһʱ䣬ú̡
Ȼ󡭡ȥˡ
ԼһЩʵپ黹粻ǵдһ³ͺõģҪٶʶ
պԼҪ¾ˣⲿһλ֪磬Ȼ
ʵù֮ǰһΪʵϰҲȫû⣬뻹ˡ
һûƷû飬֮ǰʵϰʱҲΪһڣȻǱʵϾ۾籾İ衣
ǻߣΪһţۿһЩ籾ᡣ
Թ뷨Ȼһӭ¹Ϊס˵ĹϵԺڹء
ҲֵۣȻΪ࣬Ϊ¶ࡣ
С£
С£ܺóԡ
С£Һÿ

£ۡ
Լҵѻô죬ܹҪ༸ĵǰɣ
С£һ˯

*
ⲿʱ֮ǰĹ͵һҲ½ߡ
ˣɹͳһ˷Ȧ
ʹ޵ļҲû˵òģ·Ǽõݴʣȥÿÿ
˦ĳЩС⼸ֵݼֺÿݼҲѹĳͻȻԹ¿ڣС£ҿԳˡ
˿֮ȻС
¸Ĵʱȿˣʱ񡣡
ȰҪС볤ǾһҪС¾ˣǾһߡ
㲻˦ң
±ͦжźһָŪЩЦá
˦Ҳ˦ɡ
⻰ʱ򣬹￴籾ȻȣĻɱȿյˡ
ַһͳЦǵȻ
˵䣬Եƣùɵĸ
ʽһҲû£ȴֵϷһ㣬ܶʱֻҪһ׶Է˼
ⲿɱҾϢꡣ
㲻·˿˰
ҲڿҺϲˡ
仰˵һԴ󣬿ĿϷĹȴֻܽš
ЩˣֻҪһͷͿԶȡ˵
ȥ˼£ɱ࣬¿ʼרĴ˻סһ羰Ĳ֪ɽϡ
ѡĵطȷȴܶෳա
죬緹ֻˢˢϢʱѵһһġ֡
ع⡿
ΪŮѵĹȻҪȥʲôݣԺкܶǺͶ˶֦Ůޡ
ʲôˣ϶ֻ飬ŶĲʱžԵĳƺš
Ȼһȥ¾ͷԼС˹ѡ
ǵҵŮʱǸƵ˴ѹ͵ϵӰӺ;һֵȷϴ˾
£
ǲʹиŮŮѣ
µϺ٣Сŵ¶ļƬһͬҲ㡣
£
Ҫ˵ûС˼ţһôͿʼˣ
ӮĸøУŮع⣬һã԰
ʵûĹ¾׷Ź£Ȼһ϶ôߡ
Դı飬һȦȴ֡ˣ
ûУԺҲûУɻĹ¸绰һֻ׵СȴͻȻ֪ķ˹䵽¼ϣеһֽ
üһи²⣬ֻֽдĸ֡
ߡ
ıʼ

116  116 

´СϢըʱ, ڿСֽʱв²⣬ſҲҪ飿
Ҫȥ
˵ʵ¹Ҳ, ӹ˳ؼңǡأ
¿еֽϵС񰲾ſţûдߴҲû顣
ͻȻһ, ֽ, ²ͷ΢ЦŶС˵, Сһ, ·ɡ
Ĵ, Žͷ̸åʲô
СؽһȻǰȥٶȲ첻, պù¸ϡ
ɽȻ˼Ҳһʯ·ģڹ¾͸Сʯ·ɽȥ
֮ǰȥɽԼֻҪʮӾͿˡ
ֻǽ·Щһ, Źµǰʽʻ˲, лһɵȴֺŵ, ĺΧŹ´ת
ֱÿŮͯԼŮʱʵдա
ܿ, ¾ɽʱϰ˵һЩ̫Ѿɢɽ, ֲԵȡ
һۣûзӰɽƽʱûʲô仯뺰һʱĽŵ׳һӫĵ·ָǰߡ
¸ָһǰ𽥿ɽ±ϣȻ·бŵġӡ
ʲô
ͷ¿ʼ⼸һֱעضʰ˵ڹѧһЩʽ٣Ȼһڣƾ͵ûˡ
˴Լʮ׸ߣͷߵġͣڿʼǲԼ´ˡ
ɣ
ŸܵĳŮԹһ߲ʵͻȻ֣滹д֣ƺܴ󣬾ȥû⡣
£ΪʲôҪ
ЩĿϣ¾ɽ³Ϊһӣķչ⡣
ƷɵĲ죬Ҳܿƶ±¿йž롣
ɽɽµľɫԽԽС𽥱ƵסԼͷɻƽʱɵĸ߶Ӧǲġ
ƻڼƶ
ڹ²²ƻ᲻㵽ʱͣ
Ѿʮϡûӣ¹ƻֱӶɱ
ͬģҲܰ
Ȱָɾ

»̲סһ֣һ﾿ڸʲôһ·ط
˿̵ĹѾȫ˸ոѵ飬ҲԼʱ飬һֻŪľٶ
Ҫ飬¾ԼҪؿһˣϾѿƺӲ̫ʹ
ء
һɫС̻ͻȻڹǰըȻһһQģ˯һӴ˹µ˼·עܿŵ⻭档
ء
һɫС̻ըͬһƺQʲô
ǻơ̡ࡢɫ̻ըҲһһС˻ʲô˼
Դ
ӷеȻϷ˼ȵȹؼ¼
һһQСŮ֣ûϴĻQС˾
̻߷¸Уùһ󻭿ʼ仯
־һСӵϥ¹ĳ档
Էе
޸ĸ޹ʡ
Բġ
ǧΨ㡣
ƽĻʵǰδе棬ڴ
ԺҲֻ㡣
£ԸԶһ𣿡
һû˵޸ңֱҪ󶨹µһʮֵĽƻˡ
ҺȻǸָȴǴͳʯָһöʣͨʺϸխָ
֪ʱŵҲʧˣͨ壬ûиܵκβʡ
Ĭʱе㳤ȴһʯĵһ첻õ𰸾Ͳļơ
ڣ¿ˡ
ֻһ仰ûлش󣬶һֵ⡣
ָʲôģʲôã
ŵ΢ɼĽӲһ£˵治Сôͷ㡣
Լˣһ̹״ӿҵı˴ӴԺҺ㹲ȵΣҲһе
һ䲻Ļžһͨ˵ͽ촽һ֡ɣҲջȥС
£֪
ľ𣿡
зŮ⣬ڵ˸Ͼڹ¿ôԿĶࡣ
ֻǸͨˣԷȴ񣬻᲻ܶԺأ
Ҫ֪ʱǸֲܿĶ
¶˵ı飬С£һҲ𣿡
俰ȿ羭̨ʵĻܾȻ˰֣ƮС˿
ֵطֶϲˣ³ĬúºܲͻȻЦ
ôʹСֶΣһ
ۿԽԽֱ࣬ȥݿ磬֪п϶ݵĳɷ֣»ǾдķŹĳˡ
һ仰ҿġ
Ҫʲôֱ˵Ҫ͵͵ԼֽţҪҲܾġ
˵䣬˺еĽָݸ֣Ҵϰɡ
۾һҿԶС𣿡
Ҿܾ
ֱӾܾû٣һֻµ֣һֻСؽöһ޶Ľָƽµָϡ
ڹ̶һָ̣һ⣬ָͬһö˴СһģһĽָ
һɫĹȦ˽֣ܸܵԼʶһ˲һڰСռûʲôӦʶػ塣
գգۣоƺʲô仯գգֺۣԼ
СϤͺˡ
ȻѾֻŹµ֣ҴСºúÿɡ
֪ԭЩȥ𣿡
Щ˯ˣЩȥˣڻԾӦֻλлȥʶһ¡
Ǹô죿ҰҲ֪ˡ
ܼ򵥣ϰСôãȫ綼֪
仰˺¾Ͷһʮָ۵Ƭ
ģҵġ
ԽԽ󣬲򵥵һͼƽ̨ıٹ¾͸ܵһʡ
Ͼһ͵ڣɲʧӰ١
ЩʧŮԹ
¶ԴڤڤиӦں൱һ壬ԶԹиӦġ
õģҵ粻һЩҲӰ졣
֮Ѿ㹻ʹЩ˿ȫѷۣҲһЩٱع״̬
㻹Ȧ𣿡º
ŹһƬȴ֣ɣϷͦȤġ
Ŷ󡣡
ºܿתעʵľͺá
Ҫȥľ籾
֪ܲ߸ţһţ˼š
*
ظĸ֪ܿ£̬ҲܿȻԼʱ飬ҲԼŮܴ¡
Ǳ֤˴ǵӣҲ㡣
Ϊعٰ̳־ڳ˥һ¾ӳ
ҷ֡ˣ˷ҲԼǰķҵɡ
ǺòôοԼˣ˿ַʧˡ
ûйû¾Ϣǲ²ǲǱ˾ѩʱ֤˺ŷһ֪֪ͨͨ
ԺһֻϷӹ治Ҫøʱ΢Ц
˿ǣ
ˣˣ
ΪʲôҪһﰡ
Ȼֿһcutʱأʲôˣһһ磡
*
ĵľ籾һɾ磬ûŮ֡
аΪǺʱͿԥֿ֯Ϊһİ˶ˣҲһһ
ľտݼͲȱǮĴͶ룬ⲿҲܿ챬
ڼ۾ʱĸ˺źˡ
ÿ
ͼһµ
ˣǺǣףҸ
Ű۵һˡ¿ۣ̲סЦϡ
һַֻŹ£һֻùֻʲôÿģ
ҡ
£Ӯˡ
ػһоΪǿԼʣȻӦĳֻѬĵlsp
ϧ˻ҲֻܡǿǻˣԼЩԲ
㣬濰֮ҲиԶδ
žǣԶһ˰ɡ

117  117 

ϣ֮, ǽЩһͽСӣɶȰٷְ٣ûһʧ, רָӵ
СӾжû֪, ʱһһŮ, ʱŮᶼû취Լ, νʮء
д˵ǵĶӳλʥŮ, һı˴½ĴŮˡ
, ҲֻǴ˵, ϾѾܾûۼһλˡ
˵Ѿõ, 뿪Ƭ½ȥ׷Ѱµ, Ҳ˵һĳС, ҵܵõһݽ
Ҫɵйԡ
ԵİЩ²ɵӣ
άԵһЦ϶˵仰ʱְеһžżħˡ
˹·޵ħˣҲûʲô֮, ΪʲôҪôߵļ۸ȥ׳ֻҪһļ۸ɡ
ԣ̧Ƥ, µƹµάǣСѾʮò˵ʵǰǸ𷢱۵òһҲ񣬷񡭡¡
ת, 뿪Ѿˡ
ǣƷǽģõС
ط˸Դӽ˹µһֹֽ֮һ󲽡
ԴӹºǼһԺ󣬴½ϵҲ䲻ǰżӦһͽھ񱻷ԼһֻԼвԼĶԽԽ١
ˣҲԽԽġ
ƺҲԼĸΪʲôҪȥյðգҪĿܲǶǡһݻŵļֵ
ԼںάŵͽǮֶȫȱֻ¿ɸɣһЩȤ¡
ϧȤԽԽ٣ĶЩûʲôսԵĶ
άǺһͬʱħ˵ͻȻסһħʧС
άûάŸոյĶȻˣͱزˡ
άǣԲ
һǸˣά򴽣Ƕ˹ôˣ
λǸæˣµƾһ֮ϳ˽̻͹ҲҪںһЩͨ޷Լɵ¡
ǣܻˡ
򣬻ලӶʮ꣬ʮ֮жΡ
Ϊ˱֤ԵĹƽ¿ν˺ܶԼ֮Ƕ˹ǵһ˼֮һ
ڸոչһ룬æʱôͻȻ
άǵɻǶ˹˫һ̯ôҲϣ֮۵ĳԱ֮һɲλСӾͲˡ
һݣʲô˼
ȻûǶ˹󣬿ռֲһ룬˹ˡ
ԱߵǶ˹ҲȣϾ޻֮ǡ
˹Ƕ˹֮һҲ㹲꣬Ѳİ
ȻõϢǶ˹Ҳһ
٣ұһ
Ƕ˹Ӯ˱һ˵仰˹һһۺЩɻάǺͰ
Ǹ塣
¡
˹ϻֱӽԼĿĽһڳ˲ⶼĬһ˲
ֻ֪άֻ֮ǣ֪֡¡
ʹ½ϲһȡʽҲͬʾˡ
ǸעһҪؼҵˣ֪ûʵԼԸ
˹ʱͦĽģмıԷһк͹ߣ½ֲˡ
ҪǣҲԼûо̬ȣôڣֻ׽֮ǰŻеı֡
һʼͱųˣ뾺ʸûС
Ҿ֪񲻶Ծ
άЦһ۵ϳҲΥͣЩͷһ
ֻҪ΢Ϥάһ˶֪СħŮϵĻһִűò˶١
ϸңҺ̫˵ļһúġά֣һҪµӡ
˹Ƕ˹࿴һۣͬʱóһݾᣬעⰲȫͬʱĪЩŮϸס
άЦŵͷ֪˵ʲôͻȻӿռóһѶʯǰء
άǣģǸ񲻶Ծȱȥ

ؽӹ˹µ̣پ⼸ķչٲȻһɹˣ˲ٹ¶͸Ů˺ܶѧУ
ֻǲ֪ǲҪĵ̫࣬ҲЩ衱رǶάǣ߶С
άǻûڣȲ廰ˣһ˹Ƕ˹ով˵ˡ
ϻӦȻĿǡ
¡
ͬǽһĬ˵ֲֺ˵ƺڵȱ˴ƳĬ
ţһעⰲȫģȲˣȻǰ˵ǲҪ˼ƻ
˵꣬ҶϴѶʯάǿˣҾͺͰˣ
Ƕ˹ȴһĵЦݣȵȣҲһȥɡ
仯òպúþûˣɸúúöһ
˹۾һգòһ䣬һ𡣡̵һͱ̬ȡ
ȻԹ³֣Ǿͺúóһǵŭɡ
ԣڲֻغǸŮˣϣ֮۾ȫˣеŮָĸףݡ
ǣû뵽װĶӾȻ˳ƺĸףĺŶ
ϤðһһĶӵİΣء
һץ𰲣ʼǣСûĵġ
ܣֻ¶һ˫ۼװ岻Լġ
һά¶ЦȻ뵽һ⣬Ǵϰأһж
԰ǵһӦģָֻһŴѶʯİؾһ±Ƶĳڼǰ
Ҫǿ伸һصĽᶼҪˣ
ڣֻε̾Լϲڻҳԣʲô
άǿɰһЦأһ氡һжά׵жΪ桱ǶԼͻʵǿš
ǣһ죬ĳزı˺þõӭ˻Դ
ֽ˼һֻħް
Ϊϴǰڵ£žȥһˡ
һȻʱ̣ܶȴںܶһʵˡ
չ壬鲻ļ˺ֿܿɸȥˣ֪ǲΪᵽ˹µ֣ǲԼͬһΡ
еĹһֵķЩֵ·зɵģһֻֻǣһЦݵĺǴк
ҳɹŶǲõģҹúܺãҲǡ
˯УάǲԾǣһܰܰĺء
ϣپһЩͺˡ
 
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