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1 Խ
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ȡ
СһʧأκðǡǿҵϢгǻУܵ˲÷ӦƴΡ

ˮĽС͵غһȴͣϵĽѾһеĹžһڵϡв˾֣ȴһӵڵϣССҡ
СҰŰصĿһԶĽѾǸŮһɫװ̼УڵǱŲ
·𿴵ʲôħһ㡣
С򴽣ѾЩ֧ŲסˣƮƮȻľҪŰؾҪ
ѾĿ۽СңеĺһţҧվŵĹӣӱüĿݡ
Сңȥ
Сȫģ־ûۿŽѾеĹԼԽԽСǰһڣ˹ȥ
ԶܹӣһƿѾɶأ
ѾƵˤϣеĺ۵ףˮ˲ԼߣŹǰӣȾðɡҸľݸûקľˡ
Ҿһð
Ѿ޵滨꣬ҲÿϧȥСק
ѽС޻᲻ôȥ˰
˵ɥ쿴û
ѽⲻǽҵѾͷ𣡡
죡ȥˡ
Ѿţɫ԰ףĿ΢ЩͣæҵϪ彪ȥƬ̣ѾһƬҡ
ſϷ˵۵Ӳѡ
Ϻšüųһŵˣǲãɵúݺݵĵڵʲô֪ĽСҡ
ϴԵ۵ģŽѾͿޣѾ˻ɫĽŸոշ顣
ԭС·߼ͭ壬ѾѾͺŽСȥԵģС㶨׵ͷ棬Ҫ⳥һӡ
һӣЩ˼һӶ֮һ
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Լˣôû
ѾĲţڴпҩ˵Сûʲô󰭣ȼҩúͺˡ
ѾɫһӼ͸
Ͻͷһһֻܱ˽ͷֻиȥͷۿҪʮ˻ֱֻ˽Сҵĸ׽ӡӵڶ꣬ϾͻУһŮ̱˽ŮѾҵĽСһ˽С̥СͽСҡ
ڽ⣬ο϶Ҫˣ
͵͵ϣֱ˹ȥứ޵滨꣺ѡ
ŽѾĺ󱳣޵ۿ·һѾޣޣ
Ѿҭţίѣ¶ҰûпСңСҲԸС㶨Ҷʧִͷ氡ҰҪûСңСҲ벻ͶԾ
ѾſϼϿޣˮʪϵ½һίģ˲ΧһڿֵĴ˶ĿСҡ
һŰСޣȻôص˼ԸҶף˶ĪǽССС;ŹҶӲɣ
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Ӧ˫Ŀͨ죬ֱҪһ
ǲǽСҵģ£Ȳ˵һӣҶӵȥԻŮ
У
ԲУ
Ա߶ŵĽ͵վûӦץѾֱһƴӦϵϣұ죡Ӳǲǣ
ӦϱļֱˤڵϣϻۣѪҲ졣
һʱ䣬ûӦ
ϺüͷָڵϵĽСҺӦϣüǷŭȻʲôʲôӶԼҪҪˣ˻ҪǴѾǷѵĻɥǣޣ
죡죡˭˵СҸɵģСôСʲô֪ôɳӦһˣСڻδǻҪСˮ


2 
һŮޡ
ӦϹĻ
Ѿؿ޵ĸˣɤӱݵĿҡĲҡѰĲҸɵģ
Ϸ߷ߵĵӦϣТĶ
漴ŽѾļҲĵĿѾѰͬǰﱧжŮİҪѵܲסǵİҲܿడ
Щί˰
Χ۵ĴָָģϪ˶֪ӦϾŰѾͽСԼĺӡڸǵ˵棬ӦϾȻԴѾ˿Ӧϵ񶼹ˡ
˸ΪΪѾǰģСģԾͰеƵ˽Ѿͷϡ
ҲҪǵ˽ѾͽСĺҲ
ӿ쳣Ӧһ޲ýѾƤģֱץӦϾʹ
ҪҴҪļԼŮƵϣöǳļڿڣ
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ҵιȥĽСҳѹ
ɫһţüĿˣĻڴŨŨϣס֣
ӱһ㶣תͷСңŭìͷֱָСң㻹ҳҺ𣿣ҴТ
˵ţֱӻŰƳ
Сұǿ֧ӣֹӣҲ㲻Ӳһƣ¶ָӡ
ӦϿŵۣովҪȥӣκνҲǸɹ˿ˣ˵ûסĿŽӴԼŮʱۡһӣҸƴˣ
ϽҵӽС͵سȥסСңüǳޡ
СҿߵĴкӴдļϳλԭ磬ӦĵһӣϽȴûкͬĸ罪Сġ챻ϺͽϺ
ǰίȫĽѾͽСƴĺܡ
ɫ΢΢Щ԰׵ĽѾ뵽֮ǰùԼˮľٶ˼ƽϡ
ϿСĿתһָŽССӣѾզأԼ֪ߴɶͷ滹ƵѾϣˣǸˣ
˵ţϵ˫ͨŽѾصĿҿĴѾٻس¶㶥ŰզôأѸѻ˰ΪɶҪӦǽ㱧жŮѵĴЩôί
Сɫ࣬ŴνѾ鳶ǰһ𱨵
ͨ죬΢΢ʹͷ˰춼ûгһֱӦǸݵģѾͽССǼСŮ޶Ӧϸ軵˵ģڽСҴ˻ԲýѾȥˡ
ǲ壡
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˵ţɨڳÿһˣǽѾͽӡ
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ɻ
ô͵һˮ⽪СҾû֮ǰô۸أǻһһ㣡ģôѹѹȥˡ
ΧֵҲһûٸ˵¶һɹա
Ͻ𣿸Ͻµˣҵ˴ǼС㶨׵ͷ滹ŲôΣ
治֪˭һ䣬˶ʱعһ¡æÿ·׷ȥ
ֻʮҶӵŵһ´󸹱߹бſˣһ߸ϵӣ˭ǽӣ
ɫЩӲ˫ȶ΢΢Ų󸹱ǰֱӡͨһˣ߶µĿڵҡǡ
󸹱˵Ŀڣǽӣߣʶ࣡ϽģóһҪȻͰĶŮץHؽȥɶʱһɶʱٻɡ
ӵɫһѿæ뱲Ϊľ⼸ӣû뵽ȴҪ⼸Ӹȥ


3 У
а
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ҲҿĴѾѼҲûɶЩС˱ڹҲͰˣھȻҪHؽȥҵĴѾզ˰
Ϻ֣СҴµĻýСԼȥȥǴģôҲղһӣҪԸ⣬СԼ߰ɣأ
ӦϲԸ⣬ҪýС͵͵קס֣Ƴ˽ѾһۣһĨЦŸһСѾߣ˭Сͷ棿
ѾƳСѾߣźۼ˶㣬ǷֵסԼװһܱ˺ίӵʹͷСͻС֪ͷĹأʧִҲпԭġ
Ѿֹ˵һȴûټ˵
СѾȥѾΪǱʲôˣǡǡп˽СңָŽСҾ͵ǣҼˣѾͷηηԡ
䡭
Χ˶ԭǽС޸ɵģôСƷоô񶾣
ѾҲ˿Χе˵ϸ˵Լôί**һתˤڵϣ޵滨ģСһСʲôʧִСͷҲģѾεͶԾˣǰɣһӣò
СѾգգۣСңʪܵģ漴šüͷֲģɶͶӣ
תɫЩӲĽѾһ۾Ϳ˽ѾݣָŽѾ㣡ִͷ棡ǸСֻǸģηηġ
ѾһӾͰˣҵˣҡҡλεľҪϵңǽСҸɵģƾʲôҪϡһֱ۸ţĶҵģõĶǽСҵģƾʲôôȴҪҸСҶ
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˵ţѾֻһİԹһ˫ٵɫͫз·˵ί
һĴȣæס޵ĿҪûĽѾҵĴѾҪ۸˰񶾵Ҫǰ
ӦǰֱðСǣͲԼŮģȴҪʺӿԼŮͷϣƨ˼ҵ˶˵ǽѾ򻵵ͷ棬֤ǰȻ˵ҼСҴ򻵵ģʺϾİ
Ϻɫţ΢΢޲ֱֽӦϴһƣĥ￴ţںܶѾʼ˵ģ
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Ŷ𣿡С䣬΢΢ȫ·Ϸģ
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ϺֱӿűϣӶЩ顣ôûһӰҪȫ˵˰
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4 
ֻǣӦôУѾǽұŮôĵϽҵĹŮ
ϪҲˣľϢֻҪҵķӦˡ˶ΪǺ֮ңӦĶϱ̫ˣֻʼվãϽҵèǣ
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һȴԽоСŮСҲͬѰ͹ʣͲũҴĹŮ°ͷϽչ
ȵĽ뵽Լȥ¼Ѱ죬ΪһҲܾô֮⡣Ҫǲܲʿ϶ǲеġ
鲻ҵ⣬ͷǺҸҵĶ˵ǺϴģŴδϱġ
ͷˣ˵һ¾ˣСԺҪ˵Ҳˡ
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֮ǰҲ˵˵ģҪѽҶŮȥHؽģ˵ԶŮ˵ܻ
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Ϻ쳤ХһŲҰ漴־ҪСҡ
ӦһæСһ󣺡ҪֲСµĻ£ʱ˻ҪСңմӺȻһҪҼСҲɣ
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ϺҧǴһһּģأأ
˵ţתӣŨŨвζҪǸҰѵˣҾͻĽ
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ӦҲͬأһСҪأ˵سɶ
ϰŴȣҪѽСͳȥˣ˵ǽСҳƤãȥ˼Ѿߣ϶ҲЩǮǻ˽СãһҲиġ
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ӦһֱӲˣƾʲô˴µĻǷµծҪԼĶŮȥֱקŽѾĸ첲˵˭µ˭ȥ˽Ѿ
ѾӦЩˤϥڵϣứҡҲ˰˶۸ңСҴ򻵵ģƾʲôҪϣҪȥǻծƾʲôСҶѾŵҪͶԾˣҰ֪ҾͲӦùƽСҾ
С˵ԻŮˣǷһĨЦԼҪͶӵģ
ԣҵĿ㣬ôҲȥĵزƴҪˮţԼҪѰҪҲºӡҶûҪ㡣ϰҰģƾʲôҪң
СңҪǿҲ˳ֱ˵Ĳ˵Ҹ˾ˣô飬ôܻƵϣ
С΢УǼ䲻һǱ񣺡ȷԼͶӵģǱȥģţ
⻰һѾɫȻסˡӦϼҲɴ۾ŵĿŽСҡ
͵أӦһӺС˵ɶǱȥģǲСȥģ
Ѿһ㶣͵ҵܵϵ󣬼ţ˵˵ͲȥģԼǻԼԼȥģ
ϺͽϺסˣ⣬ѾôСºأ
ֻǽѾľٶˡ
ԹתתǲǽѾƽСºӵģҲǾԲµģ
ţֱԻӵ̬Ѿ󣬱СңʲôΪҾͻΪͷĲ㣡
ΧϷĴȴôΪոҵ㶼˵ˣͷľǽѾֻǽѾˡڽѾһŵ˵ģ
˵СҵºǽѾɵģǺ󽪴ѾͰֵζƵСϣԼժһ޶֤
Ҳʲô鶼ûˣ
ЩӱȽϴ˰ţԽϽҵϷݵĺÿЩ
һһ۶࣡һһĺ
ѾҲԼЩͷ˶ֵ۹⿴ʱļ


5 СǱºӵ
æİڰ֣ҡҡλεģȥرһƺҲϴģҡҡСң㲻ңҾȵ㣡ҰˮģңѾǺһλˣ
СĿŽѾͷϵҪӸϹ˵մԽˣԭȴѾ˵ģ
ϸϸĿŽӣﲻһ˿飺ͷûкۼ
һӲǰڽСͷʲô
ѾǴһֻһ㣬˲֪ȷʵģܵӱߵʱͻȻӱķϣ͸ɴѽСӱߣŽСûзӦһŽСºӡ
СǻӾģ½СŹʹ£ֱŽССС쵽ˮŷ
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ɫһһĲãСңһֱΪֻƷЩãû뵽㾹Ȼ񶾵ֵز
СҺ뽪ԶЩüŶҶ񶾣
ӦϵɫҲŽӾҪŭȴǱСҸסˡ
ӵûֱֱָŽСңĶǺɸֵı飬ȥǸø׵ģֻ˵Ļȴһ㶼ûе׵θС
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СȴǱЦˣʲôԻ·Ȼ޳ܵĺԼ׹Ůͷˮ
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ֻǲܽôΪģСͷ£ʵȥȽСҵʱ򣬽ѾҲȷʵŹӵġ
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СһһܣԻ·ҲͽһˣģĿ򽪴Ѿװĵȥػǲȥأ
Ѿ˫ֽקסϣȻ֪ѾĵģֱֱĵŽСңû˵
ϺŰ壬Ҳû˵
ż˶ʶȤСЦԣ˰ҪȻԿԼǺǡ
Ѿ߬ȭȴǲòš
ǡǡʱҵ˼ͷ棬ǱҪ⳥ģ֪Ͻһòôӣ⳥һ֣ǷʣµģԺ뷨ĳ
ͷϾǺ洫ģ⳥ǲֲʧģҵ˼ǣСȥ˺ļҹӵۣСҲܰȻһһûУҵССүСССˣСҲܳõߣһŮ֮󵱸Ҳһָ֡
߶߶һκܵ˵˼ǣСұҿˣҪңźҲܳˣһֱҪźźҵˣ


6 һ
ӦһϢֱǰһڣҪȥǽӣС۾⣬סӦϡ
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Ϊ˷ֹūܿյītҪūڶϿӡǵġ
ͬʱӡҲū֮һֻҪǱӡǣع֮ĨȥӡǣҲеĺۼڣҲᱻЦһӡ
ϵû˵ȻСҲԼŮӱϾǱģ˵ˣԼûѪԵϵ
Ųȥأ
ûд𻰣СңҪ˽Сңᱻ˴ǵģֻڹʲȥ˼ҲŻ᲻ѵŮȻû˼ԸԼŮģһΪ᲻ãһΪᱻЦһӱ˿
ӣر±˵죡
忴Ӳͬ⣬ⰵ˰֪µǺҵĶӡ˵˿ܻɽСΪ檵Ļ˵ǺҶӿϽСˣ
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ֻҪ˺ң϶ԼٶǶӵĴʱ򻹲ǳĺģýСҸǶү߷磬˵һӲ⳥ˣǮأ
ﻰӰʾ˼Ҫ˵ӰѽСǩҡ
Ŵͷƺ߲һӦǱѾˡ
УƾʲôҪҵĹŮҪȥѾǸСȥͷģƾɶҪҹŮȥծ
Ҳ֪˵Ůף˵ӦôͷĽѾΪūģֻ˭ýѾþһӵӣһûƤ࣬˺Ǵ˼ҵүƾʲôϽѾ
ͺһӵѾͷöȽѾÿ
ǽСңӦϣƯĺܣŰܿĳ٣ſ˾Ծ£
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̻̻ĵλȲũ˼ŪҲ׾ٵģû˵Ǯʹĥ˼ǮŰŰֻϲ࣡
Ҫ㻹ǲԸ⣬׷Ǹ浽һôĶ֪
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С΢УϷŰĿŽӣ˵Ļ
СţڽСĶᶣߡССȭͷţűûע⵽СޣϽһܳȥ
ӦҪֱҺֲԼĹŮҪȥūˣû취ƽ
ӱӦֵ÷겻ѣֱ˦Ӧϣߺ޵ĵԼС˻Ҫһӣ㻹СϽңҪϽҸҵģ
ˣ
䣡һӦֱʧȥǣȥ˺ӣӷߺ޲ѣֱһƺӦϵϣСӦϱΪҪ=ŮϢҪ֧Ųסˣһƴģֱһûȥ
ϻѪ
СæС
СҿŽСסӦϣƳӣޱ顣
ԶӦһֺ߹һ¶׹⣬һæӦҵ·Ӧϵĸ׺ǰɱֱһϣ˭СңʹĵûУ
ҵĹŮСŸɱѪģһֱǴֵģҲĵ
ϾǼѪģ
ɫһ䣬ӦҵˣתֱϵľٶŵˣɫһӾͲ԰ˡ
ôˣ
תۿӦϺŵССӰεķӦ
ҧĿ֨֨죬Ҳݺݵģǧû㵽СǸСƨȻܳȥˣ
ģ
ϺҲѿֵ֮ͥ±һŮ˸вĸоġ̫ˣ
ϲЩҲס
СǡҲӦˡ
ˣӦֱ۵һ޳˵ϵĻﳶɤ˺ѷεĺУﰡСҡСҪǸ˰ҵı񰡣ôǸ˰
ӦϺüëĶǲãֱӶŽϺʵôǣúõ޸ɶҲƤӲҪ


7 Ǻǣ
СһתֱܵǰͷźϵĴȣһίѣͷۡ
һŽСɫ԰ף¶ʪģţʱ۵ĲУһ˵СͷۣæСҵͷһʱɫѿˣ⵽զ£ҪСңСͷϴ˵Сǽҵĺˣ·Ҳ²ȥôصְ
ͷСǱӣûеģôҲԼųŮôĶԴ
ϽŴ˵⵭ɱϡһԵĽѾǲӦûϢȥ
ӦһƬݺݵӣݱҧĿ֨֨졣
ӦϺŽϺƲ
ϺӦϺЩģ촽Сȥ棬С㶨׵ͷ棬˼⳥һӣСȥźŰݡȨƵģǸǲֻܰСȥˣҲǴꡣ
ߣӦϺߣʱ򣬽СѾ鶼˵ģƲС˵ĻǼٵģ͹⽪ϺģɵĻѾ˻ˣСҵƷҲ֪ģ࣬ЩΨΨŵŵģԼһܣ
ߣ˵Ҳݸ塣
ϺӦϺһЩҲסҪ˵ʲôͱӦϺ˻ȥ
׼ң㲻ʺ񰡣˭򻵵ͷ棬治֪𣿣
ϺҲֱһ˦֣ҹ˭ģںҪˣҪľǽСǸӣǽСҸҶүԼǵĻ¾͵ԼеСС;Ͳѧã
ϺһӣʵģǺҪľǽСңģӦϺ£Ҳģ
С΢УƽԼϿʺӣһޣ֪ɶģ
ʲôʱ򹴹ˣĸ˿ˣƽҪǧģ
ţҪͽСҳϺˣոպòװѻˣͲýСҰѻ
ʹ˸ɫ⣬΢΢ӦϺ˵Ҳûɶã黹ǽ˵ģǺҷҪҪСҵģҲû취»Ҫɿڰ
СҲ֪ҪҪҵ⣬룬ԭԺֻһŵ
ǸҶӶԭ˵ҲǸͶѡСҲֻһҶӵϷԼ
Ϸ
СҵǲЩ鴤һʮĴкʲôȥϷһŸոհ꣬ĻǸ°Сﰡ
⡭Υ͸а
򴽽ǣСƳ壺Ҫأ
أҶүţøǱã
СһһڣӦϺüͷüǲͬһСޣ˵ɶӣ
СȴûаӦϺĻȥѾǿҪʮϰˣѵһʮСƨ
ǺǣЦ
ȥɺؽй
СǼᶨСͽСҲûеȴͬ⣬ֱӴܳȥȥҽкع
Ƭ̣һۣϢĺؾȲ߹еִҡţߵͥŲ
Сһǰһ漴ǹһĨ˵Ц⡣Ժиֳһ
¹ޣ
ǵģ¹ޣ
СҰҧһ˲ȴ磡
ز֪ԼڽСӡѾλαӣΪԼһǰ϶л˽СҵۣԸš
󣬵֪ԼľٶýСҳ׸Լ˲ŵʱѪڲ
СңңôʪҲ·ôżң
ЦеĴչŽСҰ׾С崺ЦݣֻǵСǸ߸ģʱ򣬺ϵЦסˣֱܹ־ҪСңôˣ˭ˣ
СüĿźأֱ󣬶㿪ص֣䵭ӣأ
Сҿźأһøж᲻־ֹḡֱӰ˺Ҳ
ΪˣѾĺСͷ棬ΪԼУԭ
˵ǣˣ᲻ø
˿ŽСССţ˿ûбȺصͣ
СңΪʲôһֱҶô䵭ҳòÿ𣿲Ȼ𣿡˵ţػԼ
СҲܺصӰ죬ֱ֣ص˵үǿˣ


8 
û뵽⻰ôֱӵľʹӽСĳǰԼһؾСŮһЩЦƨĺӣ˵Ļͦ˵ġ
ûֱӵĻشСҵ⣬ΧŽСתȦڽС̲סҪһһŵʱ򣬺ڶ˽СҵǰǰС˶
үˣ ֻƤ࣬ϲϲƤ඼޷㣬̸ϲ˵껹ŽСааһգۡ
ýСһƤǰվŵģһСԼʮļһһî˾ĶԼʹִԳ֮Ϊϵˡ
Сøƽϣֱ˵ظ˵ܣôҲԼġ
תת赭д˵;ŪҼҵıⱦȫҵĿҲⲻ𡣡
СҺһΣֲŪģҪ⣬ȥ˵ָָ򽪴Ѿصķ䡣ҪִȫСһʶСô󣬻˼ȻࡣѾ֪ʲôľˡ
ˣûҪѾʴȣһ˶۲ģһ˸Ҳݡ
˵ǸӣشغΧ˶˻˽ȥĽѾΧ۵˻һ½ѾòɵЦһ
Ŷ߶ĽѾҲһ󷭽Լϲ˵ԼӣǸ˶ܲˡжԽСҵĺٴӿ С¿ӣ˵ҶүϲľԼˣαҪҲԼ
ýСҺް취ŶҳǵʱԼıūûүĴһӾͻˣ
С˺ضԽۣɵЩЦֻһ㣬ǵ뵽һȥˡ
ôҿۿ㽫Ҽұˤˣ㻹ɣЩ˵
Χ˿ֵˣǰ˭Ĵһֱģɵģ⻰ӺҶү˵ǿ϶ˡ
˶ڶԽСָָ㣬ˣСͺصĹϵܵӣ϶ǽСССͲѧãȥҵĶүˡ
СЩӶʲôģȻһ仰ͱƭȥˡ վһԵĽ⻰˼ƽϣ
үСŮܱ㿴ĸ֣ȻŪģȻܳͷǩˡ
Сҵɴ۾һ治һףǷǲ֣ھȻҪԼŮˡ
Ҳͬ⣡С̷ԵӦ⻰ҲǳҪͽƴ˸һԿ޿ֵġ
ԼĻҪԼеӼɫ˵չʾԼĽзСЦǷǲֵĵȣԵǧ
㿴ͬˣôˣŵ˵
ĵǲǣСҹźں۾źء
٣ûҾǳĵģҪõ㣡ŽСҵ˼СҲ˺ص˼ôأ˵ƴΧΧŵϪһһĭܵˡ˶Ϊͷ棬ҪǸضŸɣȻûжõĹӳԵġ
ȻˣǾֻˣ СίҲǿܵġ
Сҹ˹ָͷʾؿһ㡣
ԥһ£µĽСҸһֲͬǰĸо֮ǰһΨΨŵŵĸоôͻȻͱˣ
룬ǽ˹ȥô˵Ҳǰ˴ʮ꣬һˣŮӲɣ
Ȼ㿴ˣҶǶ㲻ˣأ㿴ڲô󣬡Сұ˵߱ȻһԼͺص߲ҲŰҮھͼ޸㣿
ش˼۽СϻûȥӤʣСĸͷԼǰһƬƽ̹¶һ˿ȡ
һһɨϵ飬ôүǿˣ㻹СҲøһغѧϰҵĹأûвʰɣ ˵꣬ҪץŽСߣҽѾͬǩСѾˡȻغҽСҺ΢һЩͿԼˡ
С⧲Լ̫СȻһӱԶнСһҧ˺صϡ
Ǻɱһļˡ
صһԼҵүȻҧˣæҪѵСңʱ򣬷Ӧ΢һǴ
ס֣һĺͣ׼ȽСҶˣȻһƾͺӵϣ˭㶯ֵģȥԼ췣Ȼְ⿪Сһ˫֡


9 һǧʮ
ҧңСҿǰޱֹסķ飬ûе˼ҵģںˣĵˣģӦò׷ŹԼˡ
û⣬ǽս׺˵ͼסǰСŮޡ
СҲΪԷķӦûеһʱ佫ͷһ٣Ƕһˡ
......׷ŮӵģСҳرץס֣˵Ҹʱ䣬׷ң֮ܿ㣬Ҿ㣬ⱲΪǴӡҿ㣬յһʹͷûϵҽԸ⳥Ҫʱ䡣
ƲƲ죬ĵѾͷƣͽԼϵʺӸˣҪͬˣ൱Ĭ˴ͷ˲ǽС
Χ˽СҵĻں˵˵ү˵ͷˣɵЦ
ҲֻǿмòǸӣԺȻÿڵǶѾͷЩȤˡ
!شһӾͬˣɲںԼľͷʲôӰ죬ֻɫ
һԵ⻰Ͳˣƾʲô¿ӴµĻҪȫ⣡үѾͷĻԼܰɣǽûϵҪҪͰȥɣʧص˵Ҫɵá
ʵϣµǽСжΣʱðѾ𣬶ѽСѾͷū˳⡣
һԵӦϵĻҲҪȥϴСʾ⽪СסˡСϵߣŵϵϣϹһ˿ϷʵЦݡ
ڿ˵Ҵͷ棬ȻҶ֪࣬Ǳ㱨ٰɣɻһס˵꣬Ҫ̧ȥš
ֵһˣʹӸղŵľпһЩãͷ¹ƺʹѾѲ˸ϵʱ׷Ѿ鷳ˡ
뵽ϴһ飬ĳ嵽СҵߣסСҵĴȡ
СңʹѾһˣܸϾɱѽҲ˲ôˣһֻѽСק
һˣС촽΢̣ŭЩϷʵغͽµϸ˶ӣ֮ǰֵʱôûһˣôûҪ飿
մ˵ԭ֮ǰ״־ǲУοԭѾѾˣССĳ˴֮˵ã
˽СҵĻ޿κΣֻý۹תӡӱȰСҲҪôߣϵ˵ͷ֮󿪿ڵѾҲҹŮҲҹŮôͲһˣ һͲҪϾɱˡ˵꣬СҵͷʾȰ
Сһƫͷ˽ӵ֣ûǸղʱһƣϻʹءߣ⽪ֲĸףҲûҪ
ΪСҵľٶһ˿ŭղԼıʵڲǿ⣬Ϊǰסһ˿棬ֻ㬵ؽ˻ȥȻź˵Ǯҽҿ϶ỹϣүǻʱ䡭
û˵꣬ӦϾͳѾͷǽĺӣƾʲôҪǻҪҲǽһǮǼߣ˵ֲ꣬뽪ӶûȽӷѾӦ˺ˡ
ʲôҵĺӣҪǽѾ̸ǣڶûһӣЩĶҲƴˣҪ֡
СұϸղŽӵһƣֻоƮƮģЩҪվȣǽСۼ⣬һŽСҡ
ʱСҿԽԽҵĳ棬ԽԽͷʹȫһ䣺ס֣û뵽ľͣȫŤͷСңСֻǰʱһӾ֪Ҫ˵Щʲôˡ
ˣһϵ𣬽СҿԴǽϺԭ⹫
ҶһˣôҲýѾͷһˣ˭Ҳٶ죡ϺƵ˵Ҳǲٶԡ
̸𣿡һֱΧԹ۵ĺشʱ˵ȻһָͷͷҼҵĴ֮,ɲʲôͨĶôҲһǧӣ
һ̱ڵأһǧܹͣǮûô࣬ⱲҲ尡 ΧֵҲһꡣ
Сһػ˵ĹͦǿȻûۼͷ棬ϡԭļͷģȻͦ󣬵Բֵһǧ
үʨӴ󿪿ڰС˵ȻʲôרңЩ򵥵ǿöġͷȻ󣬵ȴǶõܶǧ𣿡


10 ͷ
üƽһӶûмû뵽СѾͷҲܼ⵹Щˡ
Ҽҵ䲻ϳ˵ģشȻǱһмֵͷǸҶ綨֮ãڴˣ±ȻܵӰ죬˵һǧҪһǧתת۾˵
СҿңҵǿԿǸһЩشյСҵǰ¶һģ
һǧֻһ㣬ڽҶԣҲǺܴһʾ޿ˡʱеĿٴλڽСҵϣ֮ǰһֱϴʱҲ¶ĿŽСҡ
СұһȺ˶ţоʮֵĲȻԼĻʱֱԼӲùģԼССû취ǿ⣬һӸղܵһƾͿɿó
˵ծ˵׻һ֣Ȼ˼Ҷ˵˿һ֣οԼȥ
С⵽ظǰ˵һһɡ
ؼֱԼĶ䣬ô˵ʱ򽲼һ㡣˵ʲô
СЩͷ׻ƽȮۣڵԼҵˣסҪƢŻ͵˵һǧ̫ˣʮҲһܹϣҪܼ͸Ҽһɡ
˵ЩСҶоԼ˸ܵ裬Խ֮ǰɴûиɹ飬ǻһСԸʮӵܵвȡ
⻰΢΢˵ͷȻ˵ˣһ֣ҲΪδСӣ˵ʱ׷ûʼͰŭˣԺ׷ѶȾʹˡ
ãȻҵСңҾͿϣȥһ֮֡ڣүհʮӳүͽ˴ūصһ仰ŵһȺһ£Ը϶û¶ٵӣҲϴ֣Ϊū
ͻȻ֮һǧʮ֮ģϾеĲ಻һ㡣е˲ϲȻʮĿҲܴ󣬵һǧҲǺǧ򱶡
漴־ݣ˫ǩ֣Ȼ־ﳤȥ·Сҵʱ򣬻˵һ֮ҵҡ
СҿźصıӰ˵һ˿ӡСӱԵҲ
ˣҶɢ˰ɡѾˣǲɢΧֵˣЩ˿ֱũҪ棬ڽҵϪ嶼֪ˡ
һԺȫȥֻʣ½ҺӦ˻
СңҿͷϵİӦϳСһ˻֣ʾȥСûй˼͹ȥˣղӦ϶άǿģܹ鲻
Ӧһ۵ḧŽСͷϵİȻסѾѾͷڻڷﲻҳأҰԼŮôأοúýѵһ
С¿ӣҹûһģͷԩСҾˣȻС˳ҽô󣡡Ӧϳβ˳
ϼСѾҳţ֪¾ɵˣ֪ҲӦ϶ˡͷѾͷ²ӣڼͻȻôһծ˼Ҫ²Ż尡
ߣѾҲǼֱţСûԼɵ£Ӧ˿϶ŹġͷѾ֮ڣǰʮӵ¼øˣô˵ҲԳԿͷԵģξѻˡ
ôô죿ѾżתתȥȻ۾һת뵽ʲôһӳ˦ڷ֮ϣһϵˣŪܴ˵עϾֲҪϵ
ﴫ죬һ£µĳֿԣҪѾҪ벻ҵ˱һæײȻͿĽѾ
ӳ˸ͳ˹ȥӸŪϣȻ󽫽Ѿ
ϿŽѾģǿȽѾСҵǸ:죡õǸҪѸˡȻûȽѾ˵תС˵:СҺʹѾһˣͲҪ̫ˣ½Ҳᷢˣİɡ
СȻɲŽѾڹûԵͷǲ᳤ԵġССĳôƾϴġ
ȻôģСû˵ʲôֻҪСķѾûʲôϾôСһѾͷܹƷġ
ã㲻øͿµģţź㣬ĻȫҡѾŵؿ


11 ֮
֮ǰҲСĴ˺үͷ棬¼˴Ҳ˵øɵģڴҶ֪ˣԭҰɡءѾŤһѵؿ˵
ΪλҪСͷóôһΪҪСƽУӦϲѾôΪԼϴһ˳
ѾһӦϣһ˿ƣܿͱſǻ˵:ԼģֻҪȥͷϵİҲ֪ô°ȥʱײĲҵ°
ѾСҺ޷ӦźקԼ:ҪǲԭңҾȥˣ
һֽ˻˵:һˣ¾ȥˣԺ˭ҲҪˡؼģǷҵǰʮӡ
һԵӦϿӵľۣҪʲôСӦˣҪٳͷֻ뽪ӳͻӵĻƢ̹˵ġȻӦϲǽСҵĸףв̵ġ
۾תתĿͣӦϺϣӦ⼸Ӧô˲Ǯɣ¶ɫ˵㿴ǽ£Ӧܲ΢ǽһܸмġ
û˵꣬ӦϺԵϾ:ͷ⼸ľưԽԽˣûǮǼ¡
һһƨ˵ϣứؾ:ҰʮŶﶼҪҲˣ˵ôǮˡҪǮɣ
ӦϺǸͨˣһʵڿˣڵ:Ǯһմհɣľ׽裬ӽŹܿԻġٰϲõİ֮ͣˡ
ҽǮ˴գӦϺʹ뿪ˣǰϻڲϵӦϺ
ӦϿһϣһŽСҵС:ҵСңԩ˻Ҫ򡣡˵۾Ƴӣָ׾ͶԽСҶ֣ȻŽСȥ˵:ߣȥ㳴壬Ȼܲˡ
תȥӦϣĴѾĲԣȻɲӦô⡣һߴͷɥĽӸɶ˵ˡ
˵ҪСҳԣһûжȻƹżļ췢飬ǲӦϣӦϿ϶ڴ֣ʱ͸ճˡѾʹΪ˴̸ʣһ֣ҵҪˡ
ۼӦϴӼ߷۾ɵôģԵûа˵ҪӦһϾ⼦ƹȨϣû˭һӳô༦
ӦضϵħצһţһƣҲҪѾ˵ͣûţԭֻʣˣȫӦ
ϺߣСҲԲô࣬οҵĴѾҲ˾һһ˵Ҫǰ
ӦϲϣͷǽѾģڼǷôծ˼ԼҼСңһǧ˶ⲻ𣡡Ŵһ۽Ѿ壬˵ֳԣҪ'
ϿɲӦô˵һ壬Ҫ
ӦȻＫ俴ϣһԵĽԽѿɫֻüԸóһϡϾССе飬Ҫɷ
˼Ӧֱӽװ˽Сҵķ䡣⽪С˵ģѾϢˡ
СӦϽһӦûҲﰭˣ˵üҩҪˡ
ӦͻȻʲôһŽСһ£ҩǮ˭ģ
Сʵش𣺡Ǳ߻ûǮأ˵ţ͹ȥС
ӦһߣһѽʢżصطϳſڴҩǮôҲǳҪѾͷСҲҽǲһǮģҪһǮ
⻰ȻģҲ֮ǽӦ϶
Сǿ彫ֽ꣬СҩˣӦϵлл㱵˯ˡ
ɫڣСһ˯㣬ѾҲǺͽС˯ͬһݡӦ콪ѾԽС£ЩĽǷͬһ룬ͽСұԼ뽪ӵķ䡣
ũĽӻص˯ĽСңԼɲ԰ײ԰׵С۾Ҳһ˿ۡ̾˿ӸСҸǺãתҲ˯ˡ


12 
һС˯òȣһμĺˮϢĸоٴ֡һμӦϺϲϵִķҡĺܶೡ֣С۾һƨʱѾڶĴˡ
Ѿûˣǿˣû˽ɻϾԭļÿ춼컹ûͻᱻɻ컹ʷǰһ졣
ţСҿʼԼڵĵطˣﲢ˯ʱķˣӦ˰ġȻ˯ˣоġ
ƾɵũС̾һԼĴԽˣôһĵطһҲΡ
·СҲŽƿͿԼҵԺߡһСңװģʽСû£ǹСмװĳɷж٣СҲǿϾΪˣ֮ǰҲǶʮüˣѾԭȵĽСˡ
ԭļУСҵ֪˴ǰǽѾĸɷɣСҶ˵رûжķӦֻǵ˵һû¡
Ӧ:û¾ͺãû¾ͺáСʵЩˬαˣԼڻֻһСһ:Լͯ޼һӦҲûϵİɣ
룬СҾֱӿڵ:ͷ治Ҵģǽģȴ˵ҪҳҴģҲϣͱˡ˵껹ĲȻָľǽϺѾүˡ
һɫѿ˼֡ǺذοŽСң˵ϺļԺ󲻻ˡﲻ֪Ѿ˽СҶٱˡСֲںֲʹҪں
ӴⲻӺ÷ôˣһ˿ԺվŵĽˣЩʵϾųһϷָҪһ
Һʹɰһ¾ϸ˹ݶ˸飬Ѿͷһ¶̲ס˵
Ǹ˿˿ٿ˿ңʹ˸ɫýһý:˵ڽѾѾǽӵĺˣ㲻ӦΪˣôǮ㰡̫ˡ
һԸͷˣĵԽͶ
ȻͦԶҲͦССȻ˵ʲôж˵ĲмͻȻ
֮󣬽ٴ߽Ժ
һԼŮˣҵԼľ֧һ㣬һ˽ϣһһӦϵĲǡ
ҲΧ̫ĲʵˣСңС󶼻վԺﶢǼرǽСңĿһֱڶҪһȫȻǰǰΨΨŵŵþôӦЩ̫ãæֹϣټ˵ȥ
ʱѾҲˣԼĸףѾܵĳʱҲǻίˮ赲˵˽Ļ
ҲЩԼŮȻԼģҲԼϵһⰡ
ԡί˰СذοеǸղŰοСҵʱǸģ
СȻ:ίˣʲôίĺԼɣ
Ѿ˽Ļ޵ĸˡ
Ӧϱɻߵ죬ô£ɾͿ˱һ޿ģŭȻĲ˵ǰָŽ:ʲô
СӦ̫嶯Ҳµʱͻ˵ӦϣϾԷˣԼֻӦһˣͳȥɻˡʾ⽪С󣬶һͬӦ
ԭΪӦϻֱӳȴӦϻԭûжֻܹضӦϵǸ:СͿҵϣŹѾɡǧҪôѾҵȫҵ˳һЩǮСҪԸѾôС
Сһüһ⽪Ҫװ˵ĻָӦ飬ԼĺӾ˴ѾѾһӦڲ塣
СûӦǰȥԼǰҪԭѰһƺ˵:ùûǿɣǼҵĺӣôùñǶˣͷùôԶһˡ
֮ǽѾǼҵĺˣӦϵŮ뽪ûиϵýһһ㶵ģɹڵϣЩµЩʲôʱΨΨŵŵŮԴǱôϬˣǰ˵ңôһƵġ


13 Ƿİ
һԿԼŮһֱҲǸ취ְﻹ߶߶С˵ʲôֻпýĽСףҲ˵ӦϵĻ˵Ů̫ˡ
Сţһˣ뵽Ů֮սѾòٵˡ
ɵĲ£վóһС֮󣬷һЩӺΡ
СЩҺǼҴɵлˣ׽һЩˣǶԴѾηµĴһ⳥鷳Сţʱһҡһģ˵Ĩ飬˵:ʱҺʹҲʡԼãѽʡǮҲϵġ
˵꣬ͰǮӦС
СҼǮѾӦУɽȴûжۣһ˿򶨡
СͻȻոǸ˸˵ĻȻ뵽һ:òǽĹưɣһͲʲôˣ˴󷽣ԼȫĻһôǮȴûôۣϸղǸ˺ͽ̸Ǿֻһˡ
뵽СһѶӦеСؽСҪԴ˲˵ĺøУ˵۹вԼǲЩ⽪ͦܵ
ùûǽӸɣǮɲգȻ˿ŲãòŸһЩС˵
ӦϴʱҲһ˿ԾǮҪˣͷ˵ȥֵñ˽ӡǣӦһֺܲ˵:֮ǰûһǮϹŵģڼǷծ˾Ҫҵңҵôôడ
Ǵ㽫ǮȫӦϣ͵ӦϽ£ͷڴ˵£˵ӦǿǮ˾ͻ˵ӦѹǵĶԺͲóǮˡ
ߣѾǹ̹ȥģ˶Ϊǽ˽ӺӦĶݡʱټ⵵£˲˵壿
û뵽ԺӦϱСҸˣļıƻˡڸҲǣҲǡɲԸ⽻ôӣﻢ£ֲܰǮջȥ
ôأаԲ߻šһ۾һתͷ:СѾڴˣȻ࣬㻹°ɡٴι¿ߵϵתעһ̬Ӧϵͬ顣
һΣСҶȥˣȻǾ͹ŰɡǸֱģСֻҪôӦԣȻƼһĻֶ˵ġ
룬Сת˳ӦϵѣӦ϶˹
ҲԿްСС˵ӦϻûзӦСָѵ:սԩҵ顣
Ӧһ̶˽Сҵ˼һźűȽ:ǲ֪ǿСжң޻ͷ¾ˣͷϻѾóü㱻ѾܵڻûãҼͷӺ粻ְСҴһ٣ʱѾòˣҼСѽ
ӦͼӴϽСҵ⣬ԭӦ϶ͿޣʵķȴһС
ֻһʱ򣬽СֲЩĽСѾѾˣǴԽģðƵġ
ΪӦϣСҷͷװҪιȥӣסӦϵ˵ͷۣҪȥɻΪȥĲ԰ɫӣòˡ
ӦϾͽСұ˷䣬úõظĺñӡСֺӦ˵ˣһҪýǮϺܶԸһҡ
ӦϵͷһųԽ˵:ЩǮҲɸգȻѾ˹ҲƴǣǰǮɣ˵Сֹһ:˭֪㻳ʲô˼
ǽϺǽ׵ֻҪǮߵģͲ±˵ġ
ʱĽɫһһЩף˸ղӦ˵ģǽѾͷ棬Ȼ޻СңѽСҴ⸱ģ
࣬һ𽥽ӿһָͷֵĹӾŽѾһᡣ
ͲûԼȫôǮţѾͷȻһǮ޲Ѿͷġ
ѾԺܣ˼ԺӶüҲվԺûв뵽뽪Ѿκһʱ˿̣Ҳ֪ôˡ
СڴϣŽѾĿ޺Ժûһ˸ΪѾģɫҲһɲ䵭ĬĬ:ѾһУǷСҵİɣ


14 ˽һ
ӿһѳͷصȻǸոոũԺ򽪴ѾʲôҲû˵ֻĬĬؿš
ͽһͬĻнϺһѾڱͳȥѾš
ԼĵˣֻͣϺæȥѾûˡ
ϺŽ˶еָɣСҾǸ˾ҪѾܱ𣿰
СˣеĲҲˡǽѾ£Լǣû뵽µԼһ˵ĲֺڰĿ࿴ôҲǶʮüˣΪôһ仰ٽԼڵ˿֮ϡ
ԺΧԽԽ࣬ϺԽԽһੲݵšСңӦϣӶһͬˡ
վһԣҲ졣˵ΪʲôĺӣһԼģҲЩۣһǽģԼǵñ˵˽СҾͲҪѾ岻ɡ
ӦԭͽСҴԽԽĶΧֵھӶΧ˹ҽϺԽԽʵ̲סˣЬȥͽϺСҸ
ڲܳȥСקסӦϵ·˵
ΪʲôҲȥѲͷһֱȥӦϵҪҪˣӦȻԽСҵĹ۵ܲͬΪΪС̫Żᱻ۸ġɲԼĺٱ۸ˣ
СٴνӦק˻±ռǶ¶ĿõģǳȥҪǾ㲻ǹһˣ
Ӧ˽СҵķЩŽɣϸһ룬Ҳмֵ
ӦЩ˵̫ǼСЦЦռ֮ıΣܹҪǻģֻǲѣ˳ȻˣԿǣ
СҵĻǽӦȰסˣʵС˵òӦڳȥͽϺҲǸͽЦϰˡȽϺˣҲԼˣȻͲټˡ
һԵĽСԼİãоˣñǰˣҲǰҪࡣԼС֣ڽСҵͷظ˼¡СҶϽСĿ⣬ЦŨҲЦԣȻͽСûôĽó⽪ҵ綼ͦġ
תСֶӦ˵˼仰Ӧϵ˵ͷתȥˣֻ½Сչ˽Сҡ
źӦһǰż˵ԺӴ˵ѾҲҵŮҽҲܿǷµǮҹҲҪඣ
վһԿֵһӦϵĻ׷׶Ӧ˵Ļʾ֧֡ΪӦϳҪۣû뵽ӦϻͻȻô
ӦϼҶվԼһߣ͸еˡҵҿ϶ҲǻæģڼǮģǾ͸ǽһЩһܻϣȻתŽ˵:ǽǮûȥɣϾǼҲҪǮڰеǮóպСȢϱô죿
ӦϵĻԺһ˵˵öԣԼҵŮҹҲҪǮȻò㸻ԣһǮǻǽóģ˵ǲǣ˷׷ӦͣӦƽ˵Ǹ֮ˡ
һУɫ֮ǰȥѿˣԼļıûеóѾˣӦϰһ⻰˼ڰʾԼûǮԭļƻȫңǵԼұЦ
ԭ׼ˣӦϻã˭֪첻֪ôģͻȻתˡڵô˵棬ǮҲУУ˵ڳЦûǮԼǮҪǲó˵Լĸĸ˼ĸ磿ľҵȫˣոϹûĽǮģڿôźã
ûعԺվŵһ˾Ϳʼ˵ɩӣҿ㻹ǰǮûȥɣȻСȢϱզ죿
⻰Ǳ̼һȻڿǼҰһᣬװӵС˽СҵĻ˵⺢ģô˵ҲݣǮ㻹ŰɣҼҵӣŵ㻹ǹȥġ
Ӧϼƴһ£ֽƸӦϣȴţӦƴǣͽСջϾȫҵ
һΣӦϳŽЦЦսԸϣٴաȻô֣ЩҾˣʲôʱǮˣһỹȥģ


15 Ǯ
ؿԼǮӦսûлζӦϻǲ˵Ǯͻ˵ģ˭֪᲻й黹һաǮӦˣᰡ
ɢȥҲǳʧĽȥˣʧô󣬴ǻȥ֮ɹǲoʲôɫˡ
ӦϽӺţ֮ǰ˵ǸϺ˵ʲôˡϾϺͽǱ߸ףҪǽʲôʱӽϺǮ˻ȥǶ֪
ӦϽǮغ֮ýС׳һֱĬĬһԿŵĽһ˿ԾæӦҪȥĶ
Ӧб˽һۣû˵ܸʲôСҵĲÿҰھͻҽЩǮСҿ˵ͽʰӸŽݣĵС컹úõģôˣ
Ӧϱʰ䵭Ļشͷôļڶûù˵ͱСұڻȥˡСҵǲ˵ʲôԼͷϵİȷʵʹȷʵܲһֱȥʲô֢Ͳˡ
ҪȥȴӦϸ˵ǳͷˡϿһۣӦϼϽСССȫ棬ȷʵˣֻ
ţԽԽԶӸоͷܲζＸ̬ǽ£ԶԼȴԼ䵭ԽԽܡ
ӦҽǮӦϺһԸŮͷϵİûãæһⲻãһһͷϵİһϣûСԽԽˣѾĵСͷһˡ
ӦϺæŽСȥң˿˵棬ǶѻѪ Ӧ˺żʴѪҪôȥʾӦϲҪżҽҩͳһ룬ڸ룬ֻҪʱѪɾͺˡ㿴⺢ộڷأȻҩǵûȥ˾ûˡ
Ӧæͷ
СҵעȫڴЩ棬Ŵ룬֪ȥ۲ۡϴ򿴽Сһֱ뿴Ϊ£һֶС˵ĿǺȰ˵:СҲ°һ㶼ʹģ˾Ϳˡ
СҾЩЦöûôԼ˵ˡϾǰѾˡСҲѰһͿޣЦԽϲɰСŮˡ
Ϊ˺ÿ춼ҪȥǶƣֻȬΪֹСҼֱӸӦӦϺסˡ
ӦϺӣӦϴӦ϶Ӧϴϱϣ϶ϱϣϱϡСҵĹ۲죬ϴϱͦģΨ϶ϱϲյʡ͵ĵơ
һ˶סһصӦ֮ϺϲӦϴȥ⣬СҲϾûӦԭϵͺã⼸ӣϺϲԵȻҪúÿ
ӦϺϱϣҲǽСҵţһĻҲο沺뿴ģֻϧӦǱȴǸģ
֪ԼŵƢʱҲǱֳһϱģӦôסҪǮôһӣȻЩģҲҶ˵ʲôϾһֲ
ôöûˣҪ׼һӺò˲УοҪסղУﶵرʾӭȴû˵ôС
ӦϺôҲʶôã˼Ӧˡ
䣬Ӧ˽ս飬ӦϱԹ:⽪ͷ϶Ǯֻϲóһˡ˭֪СԸ׹ŮҲһõóǮ
Ӧϻص:ǰεǳһǮҿҲֻǮ˼һ£ҿֱۣӰǮˡûйϸ֦ĩڽ˵Ҳ˵ס
һӦѾ˽ǮˣЩۺ죬ۺۺ죬ЩӸûаëǮϵôҲòһһġҲΪ֪֮ʱǰ˲٣
Թ˷һΧһ졣תתţת˽ѾͷϡСҿʱڻصϣ͸ɴཫԼ˵˵
үε飬鷳ˡǷ˺Ұʮӣҵ뷨أھʹǮʮˣȻܵĺҵ鷳ʱҵǮ
ϺԸ̸ӣ˽Сңʵ:Ҫ٣
С:ʮ
ʮһ־ͲôǮôСƨ˵϶ţСҲŰ꣬ӻĸôӦýС˵£Ծǹġ֪£Ӧϻûü߽СĴ㣬ͱСǰ˳


16 ѧ
ϰϳ˳ϲʶԼΪӦϺͺϲã㬵
ʮΪǰʮӻ壬õʱ¡Ҳ֪ӶôԣνǮǻȡڹʱͻҵġСҲȻϵķӦеˣҲףʮɲСĿ
Ӧϳ˳Сҵ·֮ǰһӼ궼ôǮСʲôڶ̶̼ôӡǵʱòǶԲӦң
һӦϴվ˵:ӦðҲ㣬ɻҲû׬ʲôǮӦǿ⺢ӾҪȢϱˣҲûжǮѽӦϴȿڣȻǲŽСܹڹ֮ǰôӡ
ʱҲ˵:ҼҲûǮҵҵĽŲ㣬ֲôʵûǮǽѽӦ϶ܹˣԲӦϴӦһػ
СЩ˵ı壬ȻЩֻΪǣûǮû˵ʲôϾҪǮ
ůֵ쾡£һǲὫǮûй黹˵ġ˵˹֮ǰ黹ҲûֻǾ˵󻰶ѡϾܹһ֮׬ʮӵ˼ңΧֻȿļѡ
Сٴǿ˵:ֻʮ׵ʱǿĻ
Ӧ϶СʲôˣǼҵǶʮıˣλġ
ʱǺϿˣҪһ:һˣͲҪ˵ʲôϢˡСң˵Ҫ׵ʱͽʮ壬ôʮ׬
Сҿź˵:ҪүѧƣȻٰڸ̯档ңʮǻᾡġ
棿˶ڽС֣˵˼֪һ棬ǻû˵ֶ
һӦúܲ׬Ǯһ¸ĺõѧᡭϪڸ̯Ϫ˵󲻴˵СҲСҪúãͦǮġ
Сңôģѧգϲʵ
СҼһģҸղ仰ΪˡʱȻҪ⣬ǲãֱضϵ۾ŵ﷢顣ûԴôСĺɢŵһ
˶ϵС˼Ӧ϶˽ԸϱһֱԸϱΪô䣬ֻó˳ϣҪٶˡ
ʱС˵ҪѧƵ飬Ϊղŵ˳󣬴ʱ˿Ҳ뽪СҳͷͿ˵:ưɲ򵥡ƣҪܶಽģƲġȴ⼸㶼ѧһˣľ͸˵ˡ֮һ½Сң˵ʱڿ׬Ǯǳ˵Ρ
СȻϵ˼ϻʵ̫ˣýСҶͷˣ˵:ЩȻ֪ǰүҲѧһЩ
һֻ֪Ŵƣ֪ˮȡ඼ƣľƻͨŴ׾Ƹ㡣Сٴ˵֪ľƣ϶õŴף˻ʹȣˮľӦûûС
ӦϺŽС˵Ļ´½һ㣬ľѾϪõˡС˵Ļû뵽ġһֱֻѭ浸صŴƣЩĺ÷õĺȻˡ
ã˵ĲӦϺοؿŽСңҲЩ뷨ǴӺζģֻ˵:СҺƵ츳Ҿˣ˺ˣͽƣ
ΧӦϺûҪ˭ƣԸĶӣҲֻһЩƤë;û츳Ǹȥũ๤ˡڽСҵǺͦͶ
ٴαжԽСҵĳɽ˼֡
ӦճյؿŽСңڿһİһԴǼ¿ʼСҾһһ㣬ǰΨΨŵŵȫûˣΪ˴̼ҲûеġֻͻȻǶ˺öණ˺öĶ⵽׻ǲСң
СҼӦ϶Լ뵽Լ˵Ļ¿ܻӦϵĻɡһ£ԼСסӦ֣ЦźһϾͰӦϴӳ״̬˻Լһ:ɲСԼϹЩʲô
ʱһξ͵˰̫ɽæҪˣϾû21͵ĵƣһڣҾ¿ˡֻس˷ϴ˯


17 ӦС
СҿæͶ˵:ĸķɣ
Ͽ˿СҵСӣЩŵ˵:Ļˣ
Ӧϼ龰˵:ʲôֻǻæֶѣԽԽæ֣ȥССһɣ
СҼӦ˴ԼԭƺҲδһ̫СҲ̫ͦСǶƲ𡣶һֱǽС£ϴ·ɨԺӺ͸ũ
СԼ¶ڣӦϵĻȥ˵СС棬ӦСӦСӦӣͺ¡ĺȺСƨҼңԾǲԶĵط
⵹ǷԭǰԸһţҲȥӦСӦС档
ͷϺӦ̸Сҡ⺢ӣǳѽ֮ǰǻ֣Ͽ
ӦһЦ⺢ı˺ܶࡣǳźõķģ֮ǰһɵ۸εڿ˰ɣ
Ҳ˵:Ҳһ£㿴ôɶɣҼӦǿ˳Ծ棬ôˣϱˣ⸱ģ˭Ҽ޸ѽ
ӦϼϿ޽СңҲǺܸˣ˳ھͿӦǿ:ǿ⺢ӣȻ̰һ㣬ȷʵģȢϱģʱͻˡ
ڳһ󵷹ģͦ˵ԼļŮ˵˶Цӭӭġ
ԹСΪͷۣ˯ˣ˯òôȣ˯һˡʱ컹ûȫڣһ˫۾ڿŵ˯˲ܹˡ
СҶǰСк˺һú͵Ƶ֮£ϳӦСӦ϶ϵĺӡһӵĺӳӦǿ֮⣬ó˳֡
ֻӦСƵشӿڴͳһģʵС:ͷԲԣ
СҲһڸЩʲôͷĶԲԣԩѾкٴʵһһʵˡ
СԭļѰŹһϢԭÿνСӦҵʱ򣬽ѾϲŽСһݣӦСʮϲѾÿζڽѾƨɺܡ
СһڲӦССӴʱֵͼӦССҲ˵еĵٴοʵ:˵ͷģԲԣ˵Ҿ͸ԵŶ
ӽСˣӦСרôһջϴͷ飬ｪѾϴ
СвЩЦѾͷѾǴҶŵ£ѾԼҲˡӦСô޷̫ˡ
Ҷ֪ˣͳ˰ɣҲ˵ȥŶһĸŶӦСٴջ
ӦСôջ󣬽СҶϣ͹ԵĵˣڵֻһСӡ
ӦСȻһֱͣشϢСʵڱŵ÷ˣ˹ָʾӦСһ㣬Ȼ˵:ҪȰѵĸңҾ͸ͷ˭ġ
ӦС룬ĵ˹СץסһѾȻȥ
ͷǽѾģˣˣû˵ģôջңСҷ˸ӦС
ӦСʮͣû뵽ԼᱻСҸˣˣڵûˣСһ˵ͷǽѾģ˷۱ίޡ
ʵӦССͷϻҩصһȭʹ˽СҵͷϣûýСιȥ
һиպñ߽ĽССʵ:ڸʲôžͿСһţ˫ֱͷ
СæӦСƿʽСҵǽСѾ۵˵ϻˣľ϶ȭͷŴССͣôݶڽС˫ʹͨ죬뽫ӦСݺݴһٵĳ嶯ˡ
ӦСҲû뵽Щµ˵ſڡСʱѾ˲ӦСˣֻǴغӦһҴСȫ
Ӧ϶ӦСһʹ򣬾϶ҶϾӦСʵ̫ƤʱҪѵһˡ
ӦϸСҲ𿪷õҩ˿ߵƣӦûʲô󰭣˲ŷġ
СŸӱԼҪӦСֱ뾾Ӹһ٣ȻѾһνѵСоȫޡȻҶֶ֡
ò׽¸С˯ˣȻҹﻹʹһ˯
緹ʱ䣬ӦϺͼϱһ½Ǯ顣СȻҹﱻӦСˣһ绹˸磬ͷϵҲûˡ
ӦϼɩӶǮ£ʹżŵСҪԶָ棬ϺӦϿ棬кҶڳۿ


18 
Сҽõŷϣõгɱһ㡣йԭѾ¯࣬Ȼһ壬ڵ˼
ȻͣڹϹһ㣬ǰһʣµһⱬһЩϡȻˮ棬´л
˿СĹֱ佪СҡҲӦ˵:˵أСҰ񲻻󷹰
ӦϿҲ֣СֶѽСҼ˵۹⣬ڵ:ǰպͽȥϵʱѧģԣͷ棬ְƽУл
˽СҵĻӦҲɻˡֻǿԼŮ˴ѡ
һԵϿźֹܲţôСĶܳ𣿱Ѱ˷ˣʮ۰档
ϱųˣӦСӦСʣæŰæŪӵӡ
ܿ쵶ͺϵĲ˾깤ˣҳŽСҵĵ涼޲ڣҪýСҽǡֻϣǶԽСҵĵһ㶼Ȥһ㡣
ӦСһ٣նûлعǿһڽСҵĵ棬ζ͸ӲˡǽѾģС͵԰ڵġ
ɵСʲôž˵ˡʲô԰ڵģһ͵ѧѾģķ϶ֻдѾŻᣡ
Сպһ˶ˣСƳһۣѡӵ˵ĻȻӦСĻǾýѾһݳѽС֪϶ǲġΪ򵥵󷹶󲻺ãƽеľˡ
Ӧ϶ˣٴαѿһҪӦСӳȥˡûӦϺһÿӣԲԷˣҰ㣡
һ仰˶Ҷ˵ʲô
󣬼ϱڳæ˵ǮһĲԸȻЩǽǮСһҿңңڰ˭֪Ҫȵ²ܻϣ
ԼҵҵȽŲ㣬׬ǮͲףӦСҪѧãǻǮʱǶʮɲʲôСĿֵһգҲǼ䲻Ըġ
ϷԼɧʵ:ɩô
ҲǳüĪչӦϺϵûҪ˵ǮҲǲôġӦǿѾʮˣϾ͵˳׵ͣЩǮãϾҪӶˣ⵵¡
ʱϿ:Ҫ˵費趼νûһЩǮǶ˵ˣ׾ͻȻǵȼü֮ҲûϵġԺҪ˭иѣҲҵæ˵ǲǣ
ˣҲǾеֻǲ⣬ֹ:˭֪ǵʱ򻹲ǮˮƯǻ˵û
Ϻ϶һۣתƵ˱𴦡
žôȨģǽϺȻͷЩǮϺƹЩǮ֧ȨֻҪ˵ҪǮӦϣûвϵġ
ȥ㼸ϱЩԹԣϺǽǮӦϡǮ˳ȥϺ͵͵شԼ˽ǮóӸԼŮ
ӦϽ赽Ǯ׼ǮûȥԭĴһգʮҡ
С˻ûãҪÿ룬ȰڽϺССúտãȻͻؼȥˡ
⽪С񽪴ѾһȻҲģǱȽѾ¶ˣҲͦģӦҲġ
СҼӦϻûԶСеߣ˵:磬һȥСԣ˵Ҫչ㡣
СҼСģСһ˵ҪչԼкϲСޡȻԸҲһСӣСĿɰǵסġ
Сչ˾ˣȥﻹǮǩֵ¡סˣһҪǩԼ֣֤ǮǼһģǴ󲮼һģ֪𣿡Сض˫̥˵
С룬˵ͷ
ˣӦûְɣСʵСŰꡣС֪ѾѧãҪϲȫɾû취ˡ
СԸþȻԼĴƲƲ죬˵:˵ˣѧˡȻ꣬Ѿȫˡڿĸ𣿡
СصͷѧСӵĿ˵:СҼĸˡǸģͷֱЦ
Сһ⣬վһԵĽСҲǵ÷ЦֻôߴٽСϽߣȻϲӦϵţˡ
ӦϻصңϼֻӦϺͽССҺͽСûиţ䡣
ӦأСӦϲϣϴֻÿڻش


19 Ұ
һƲСǽôҪ²ŻҼҴѾҲˣûôż
ӦһôˣûпСͷϵǼֻҪۡҲûʲôƢڷ̵:ǰôˣС˺ˣҾͽѽѾҲôСˣͺˡ˵꣬ݺݵصһۡ
ϱֻ뷢ɧӻҲǱӦϹ:ж飬СӾж顣˶ˡ
˾һһãνϺҲûг죬ҲһĬĬر첻˵ȻҪֳôһ¡
ȳ緹ӦóӽѹζһЩӣԼҽһЩټԼôЩܵһ㣬һʮ
˼ȱӾˣ˭ýѾŮ
һҪԼʮӣôҲˡѾôˣ㻹ѽ˫ֱأһǮҲá
ӦϿóõļƣҲһֲ׼Ҫϸɵס
ǼѾͷģȴ⣿Ǽҳô࣬ʮӶûУӦϴʱˣôǮҪ²Ż壬ϻҪԼǮ
ӦϼϻûзӦһţһʰһ˵:ȻھͰǮҵѾǷһǮỹ⺢Ҳнȥȵһҿʲô
ɰϸסˣӦ˰취ôӣǵʱӦϸǼˣæǮѽӿ£Լ˷۱
룬ҲвӦϵķֻ÷:УǳǳʮҿûУӣԼȥ취ٶҲòһˣһǮ룡
ӦϼҲײˣֻˣ˭̯ôùӡԣѾͷȥκһһûеϪ岻Ҫĵز
˰ӣִӽֵھƴ˴յؽһЩǴչʮŽСȥҺ˻Ǯȥˡ
СںϵϤչº˲٣ͷϵİѾˡҲܸźһµأһȥֵ޻
Сһһ߹۲Χʱֵµڣ΢ֵһĻڳڡֻжһЩСҶ֦ѾûκεĻ١
ⳤƣִĶ֮һСҴ֮ǰҲ޵ĵشһʱġ޻һ֮󣬲˵٣֦ѾͱҪ׳ࡣ
ҽСҹ۲ĵΣֹŴ£ȻͦˣҲɳĵβƽ̹ɽʱʱͣĵβֲ޻
ѣҿȥɽϿ𣿡СʺϵνվĸԶ뿴ƬʲʺЩʲô
ϵ˵ͷûָСҸܸɶũǾӦСŽСɽתתƣССһ㣬ˤˡ
һ·ӦСıģȫûҪȵȽСңСֻԼںߡ
ȻС۾һƳƳһú죬滹һЩССŵС١Ȼ죬һʱ벻ʲôˣǽСҰӦСͣô
ӦСĿģСҽסЩԸػصСҵߡ
С壬֪ʲô𣿡Сʵ
ӦС忴һֻۣȥ棬ͷ˵:ҰѣģûҪ˵ͲὪСңԹԵܿˡ
ҰѡС룬Ȼѳú񣬶ҰѳûͦïʢģסλãȵѳʱժˡȻ˵ᣬֻҪϺɫԣͻˡ
СûйҰ٣ӦСѾܳȥԶˣҪ߶ɲ·
ǣһ·ϽСҵС־ϲҰﳤã˵ӦĻҰѻϻû˻ԣûоҰѶȵյļڣǿϪγ¢ˣ
СԽԽ˷ܣɽϵҰ٣ƫƫ˵֮ǿЦ
СԽԽ񣬵ع֮󣬷ǰӦСѾûӰӡСӦò߶ġԼȻԭļ䣬ԭҲûӦС߶ȴԼ߶ˡСš
СԼʱļ䣬ʱ߹һ·Ѱɽ¡ﻹһ·ϲɵĸĢŴǺãҰĢɽǣСѾˡ


20 
ԭ磬СšǰҲסũģԱߵɽҲСĢһĢʱͻСɽȥɡƬֶˣĢҲˣҲûвɹˡ
ϸʹżӻؼˣϼСҲôĢҶԳԵ֣ϲסؿ޽СңŶϱԸŮҲǿġ
ϵĻЩ:ʲôҼСԡ
Ͽϵģ֪ΪǮ£ﲻˣڵ:öáҵӺﰡǺõġҲǣСԴ׸ʲô³Էɡ
˺ϵĻҲֻñˡ
ӦϺæԼҵ֪ԼŮũɲ꣬ʹŶӶϱȥҰæ˳Сͻȥô죬˻϶ˡ
֪ӦϲԣǷôӣ϶ôùʹԼҴһЩ⣬ôܿǼһ˺ƺƵسˡ
ӦϿԼ˶ˣæͽСһҵĴ˶ȥɻȥˡ
̫ҪɽʱӦϺһ˸ũˡѾԭԺεģһǵӰӾɨɨԺӣһίɻӡ
һԼŮڸɻѾȴֻһԸӦϴ֣¾ͱԹˣ˵ѾôЪЪôﰵ̽С̫С
˶֪һʲôˣҲøƽϣԹ˾徻ˡ
Ӵôѽ˻ûһôòˣ߶ˣҲ˼Ա߻ӦôˣӦ:ҵĲԼĳԣ㵹ãһȫҳˣ
ʵǿˣ˸۾:ʲôҵĲˣЩҴģô໰Ǿͱˣһ߳ȥ
û뵽ôһһģǳԵúܻ졣
Ӧðϴ˵Ҫȥ׬ǮûдҪô׬ѽϿʵϴ˵Ҫ⣬ҲûָȻʡ
ӦϿڴ:׼ȥڸС̯
һ˵Ͼ:ϴС˵𣿡
ӦϿһۣ˵ͷ:СѾˣҳԹҾҪóȥ϶׬Ǯ
ӦϺһ:棿
Ӧϵ˵ͷСķܲζǲóȥĻ϶кܶġ
УûӦ˵꣬ѾڷˣƳ˽Сһۣм˵:ʲôõӣأһ˳ʲôܳ𣿡
ӦϴʱҲִ˵:СҳԹóԵˣĶá֮ⷴϿСҵĻ
ϱӦôһ˵ͲˡӦϿ佪СҾǵвãվڲȵ̧ٽСңһ˼ʮ˻һСӣδ̫
һߣôûʲôǳ˵׾ᣡѾ϶˽СôСʲôóԵģСղɻ𶼲˵ʲôˡ
СҴʱһţ䲻˵һ:ҵֻҵѽǮѽ
ԱߵĽСһ⻰Ц硣ϵŭˡ
ӣûǰɣҲĸôˣҾúýѵһ٣һһߴӲʰ˸ӳŽСҾ͹ȥˡ
ô㻹˲ɣӦ˽Сǰ˼˴
ϺɤӺһǿöס֡ҪҪˣԹȥɻ
Ӧϻ˶ԷһۣԵꡣ
氡ͱˡϺԼ˵ĻãҲ˵
ΪʲôӦһ⻰ͲˣԼĴ磬ҲûȨԼָֻš
ϺƤ˵:׬ʲôǮҹƵʱʣ
Ӧͱ˽һ£˼ҽϺˣһ۸ԸͷˣԼҵҵһʾûС
ӸܵӦϵĲǰԼҴʹɩ֮ǰӹ̵ԼңǴˣҲ˵ʲô
ӦϿӲΪѡ˳ĬǸûġӲƤ˵:ôˣ
һӦôᶨֻʹԼõһףϾǮҪɽϺŵģ֮ǰѾΪѾ˰ȻʣһЩȥϾۡ


21 
ﻹǮѾ⵵ѾôǮ㻹ǮȥⱾǺξģָӦϵıǮҲȫˣﲻæöҲˣǵǮҲ߰ɣ
ӦϲɣﻹǷҶʮӣǲҵƸɣô
Ѿˣ֮ǰѾҽһЩ˺֮ʣ࣬ıǮѾˡӦ˼¿˵
һ۾ĵô:Ѿ蹻Ǯ㻹Ҫⲻǿ𣿲УðҵǮң˵߶Ӧ϶ֶš
Ӧ˼֣˸ָͷ:ɱˣѾĻ£Ƿ˰ʮӣڴ󲿷ֶǼҵ˻ģ
治ռֻһƨڵϣ˳˵ѾƤⲻǲСʮӱȥͳǵİѱˣҪЮҡ
ӦһϾȻڮԼҪվϸɼܣСһѽӦסʾ¼ԷҪϡ
Ӧϵһۣ¸óԳԣúȺȡ
һֱޣȴûӦʲôӦƵӦãӦϾֻ˻ǿ޵ûһ˸óԳԣúȺȣ˽Ϻÿһ
ڿһûʲôͷÿһԾζԼˣƨɣҲˣֱӳŲ֪ʲôȥˡ
ԹԺһʰϴĽСҼˮ˵:ﰡѹûùùûǮԺ󰡣ͲҪÿζˣȻʲôʱǵˣ⡣
СҲʲôֻԼӦϵĴ㣬Ժ󶯲ôžͷ
ϵһһԵĽϺȴܲʶȤСң˵ǽСǵĻڼûǮҪȥʲôⱾ
СұͷǽѾģұݲ˵ƽңصһǧǾҹػһȥɣ
СǱ⽪ϺĲ֪ͨŤʵˣ˶֪ˣȻԼ治֪ǲǳԼ޷԰ˡ
ûǮǰɣСô飬ҲûʲôŶûϣϣµظɻϼ־͹ˣҲûҪˣʮ꣬ͷ׳ʵɻɣʡѧѿǿıǮﻹһɻͶȫأ
СʵǱظͷˣȻҲһСӳ˵
⻰ɲϹ˵ģ⽪СĲһϣĹΣʮˣϵֻûСϵĶࡣ
ϺСҵĻ˵ͱͱϺ֣˵ˣСҵˣȻɲСͯʱӦһԼǰʮ鷳ˡ
ʱ򣬽Сվ˵:ǱߵǮѾ˵ˣ׵ʱҪϣҪҸӾ׬ǮģȻ׻żҵӣҺ˵Ҫ˻
ˣתתеЭ˼֣׬Ǯ⵫Ҳǲԡ˵ӦѾҪҪǮˣ˵õģӦһǮҲûɶϵ׬Ǯʱ취зֺҲǿԵġ
˯ʱ򣬽СͽССһ̸¡Сһ˵:İɣﲻˣҲ϶ҪȥġСƶǶصͷСʲôû
ڶ磬С׼ˮϾҵˣʽС:Ҫʲôţ
Сһ֪Ѿͨˣش:棡
桭ظһ飬ĵֵͦģ֪ôôҿ
С֪ҪӦ˵ӦȥȻϵͷСɵӣɡеĲ𣬶˵һ:Ҫ˵ǴĸԼȥ˵ɣ£ȳȥһ¡Ȼת˳ȥ
һ:⺢զ첲ˣԽԽûϢ
ʱСҺӦæϵתȦվûаѻ˵ڡ
ϣһֱСʹɫҪýСѸղ˵ĻӦ˵һ£С۲콪СҺӦϵװûרĳԷдСֲ÷
극ӦϼѾһֱ˯Էʱֲ֮ǰˢʲôҲûһæҪȥĽѾ˵:ȥϴˡ
Ѿ⻰һĲԸѾԼھӼҵĺýҪȥءѾͶϣΪһӦ϶£Ȼϴˡ


22 
ֻƳ˽Ѿһۣ˵:˯̫ɹƨ˶Ͽȥˢˣȥ棡
ҪǰϿ϶۽ѾμΪѾôһծ϶ԽѾĳɼҲˡ
ѾԸŶԼˣȥ棬ˢˢؾ
ţҴˣھȥˢ롣ȻѾ˹ϵĳƺԽϵΪʱҲֻװŲܸĳͷ
ߣӦϰ棬ֲͷΧӦתһҲûаѻ˵
ֱڶϣϲųΧûˣӲͷƤ˵һ:ҿζôǲĻǿԿǰڸС̯
ӦȻڼϷɲܺƭ֮ˣҪһ:ԼʲôʱҪͬˣ
ǿСһʹɫӦϵ˽СҵĻΪһֻϲܽ͵ѧգ˵ףҲڸһ
ͬӦϵҪԺֻ
ӦϺͽСڳﵷ˰죬ȴûмֻ˳緹ʱŸżһ𱻶
ӦڽСҵָ½ѾѧˡϿһ֪ԼӦϸˣˣô˵ҲЪһϣҰο:øӦϼƽϡ
һһϣһ룬Ͼɢζ䶼ǣûֵܹסջ
˳˶˵óԣϺϾſӽŽɣһ֮Ҳòζ۷ۣȴԸü붼壬⵹ȷǳԹζõһˡ
СҴԼϺķӦѾԼˡҪð̯Ķˡ
Ȼ˵ϴλ˺һʣһЩС֪ǻôưҪһǮ˵ҪһЩԭ
ϴǰ˵ҲֻΪ˰ϺͽϺģڼȻ˼Ѿͬ԰̯ˣǽСҾͿԺ˵ˡ
ϺһԼҪǮ˶ǲԸǰ˵òǮǲǵģںԣӦڸס
㲻˵Ӧٽһ𣿡üͷ˵Ӧҿ϶ǮѾôˣһ޷
Ӧֽ֪ӦϺȥˣȻ֪ӦϺҲһЩǮڣӦϺѾ˶ʮˣٽԵûûƤˡ˵ΪŮǮȥТˣôϡ
֮һ仰ǲңҪϳһӡ
ʱ򣬽㿪˵仰:ɩղŵҲԹˣóȥضܻӭʱ׬Ҳ϶ࡣһͶʣԺ׬ǮֵҲֶ࣬Ϊأ
˵˵ȰóһݣϲԸóһǮ˵ҪȥϺһӣҲҪһȥҪȥʲôæֻ뿴ӦϣǮ˽ˡ
ϣӦ˼ҪĶһʼ۸񣬷Щһ룬ͷѾòˡ
ѣӦͳԼ޶Щ洫ģӦϺ᲻ãպӦϺҲίʵý
ⶫӦϺҪ˵˶Ǯ˵ֵɱֵ࣬ҪԼЩӡΪ׬ǮΪ˻ծӦֻҧҧʹˡ
СҿӦϵĲãӦ̣С:С磬ⶫֵǮ
С˰죬˫һ£ͭ壬ЩӦòˡ
Ǯ̸ˣСҿӦϲõģС:ǿɲȲҪѶȥ
СһΪѣʵڲ˼ûĹأǸôһλʱȻȥˡȻѻҪ
С֪СûкôѶȥ׬˲ۣԲù¡
֮ڣȡⶫʱ֮ͭûⶫ㴦áС˵
ǵС۾תתֿǵܸ˵ͬˡϾֲʲôֵռĶҲ׬˶ǮֻҪ˼ȡ׬ðͭ壬׬ˣϾôǮɲ׬ġ
ã˵ˣֻ¡ڲ򣡡Сˬ˵
ӦһдϲҪǮһֱֽС³çǮûʮͭ塣


23 ŵһ
ģСҲôֻҪ㿪ľͺáСңЩǮܿ׬ˣСҶӦͷ
ӦҲСŪû˵һߵĽҲĬԴϴǼ֮Ĭ࣬ʱ㽪СŵǰǮҲû˵ʲôϾӦϵޣûȨָֻš
궫СҼ˳ȥҪĶˣС˵ӰʲôĿԼؼҴ򡣽ˣ˵:ӵӾɣһᡣ֮󼸸Ҫõʳģһͭ嶼ʣ
صңһӦϽ޶ˣԵʮ־ȡЩĲ˵:ôܰҲˣûǮӦ˵ѽ
СһţĵǸڡˣǿǿ䵱һºˣǶûϿ϶˵
㶯˵жôҪǮӦûʵϾǵԼޣܲջһʱ˵ֻòǳɣ
Ҫһӣȥ̰ҵɡӦ˵Ǻ˵ǾƲϸµġ
ҲʲôӦӦתȥæҪ׼ˡСҿӿż׳·æȥӽӦôӡ
ӿԼŮģĵԼľʮˣѲɻҪԼỤ̊žѽСҸߣҪ¡
СҲὪӵڤ粻飬˵:ӼȱزЯֲôʹģһΡ
ĥСҵľǿͣС˵˵뷨
ڽСҿͳֻǹ̶ģᶯҲǼ䲻ġִӣȫ̯
Ϊ̯ĵصͦԶģ̶ֲôصĶȥһ㡣ִõʱߣõʱֱչˣųѾ㹻ˡ
һ·⼸ʮδ֪۾ɵôģȫڿһСˡ
鿴ϷӦ˹սСҵҪ󣬲ʱͰӴˣСһܷҪ
ֻϧⶫֲרû취¢ϴһ֪еԭֻҪľ򣬼ʱܰ͸ˣʱֶӣ¢ϡ
ӣһģһĳӣӿСҵ֮ǰһЩͬ
ʱӦ˹С˵벻Ǽҵպùһ˳٣ǿ˲ֻôѽ̯ܳ˾Ͱϴá
СһǮѾˣȥĻһ㲻ˡǽСҽС˳ȥҰؽ룬ڼ仹һǵ̯
һĸɫʱϪ嶼֪Ҳ֪Ӧ϶Լĸ
ϣӦϺͽСǰõڶҪ棬ʰ׼˯һΣǻ˼еĻſ̯ϣ̯ܹ׬ЩǮɡ
ڶһ̯ĵطǴڼܶĵطֻҪ֪̯࣬˶࣬ľͶˡ
Ҳƨߵߵظ˵Ҫſһطֱ˵طãﲻã˵ȻӦϸɴ˵:ҵĵط㵹Ǹһһʱҭûˡ
һ˸ս̯֧ƦƦ˾߹˵ﲻֶ̯ܰŵҪ˽Сҵ̯ӡ
СҶûϵƦθֻӦԼһȺӣӺͽϺΪũæһ˶ȥɻȥˡ
ڽСûˣӲƴȻǲǵġС룬ֻܴʮͭ壬ȻӦϺʹһˡ
ϻԥһ£ǿΣҲûа취ˣֻʮͭ
һ˵ǹٸ̯ǾǵƦåʲôĿռ˵̣һЩӰˡƦƦģȻʲôٸˣֻҪǽһЩӣӦþȥˡ
ʮͭ壬ЩмؿǰһڸСһۣȻͭ嶪Ӧߣ˵:򷢽лأûǮӹԶ㣬֪֪ǵĵ̣ûǮ͸Ͻ̺ȥܳ۸ʲô
ӦϼԼǮûκôôһ٣յҪǰۣСϾ˵ĲӦǰҲֻǳԿķݣƦɲ
СڵϽͭϣȻһ˽ССĶȫ˼ģֻԼеԱ֧̯ӡ


24 Ч
ӦɫԵúܲãŵһңȻ飬⼯ԱߣҲû˻֪ôһС̯ѽ
һ߱Թһ߿˵:Ҿ˵Ǹλòðɣںˣϳˣ滹ôѽ
С߶֪˾Ƿ˵:ֻҪóԣĶһҪܲˣͻȥɣҺ͹ˡ
ȻԹҲͣǿòģΪ¾޹ѽ
֧̯ӣСȡվͷõţӦϿʼ档
ѰһҪǰһϾͽãôõĿڸС
ʱҲǴнֲ̫֣̫ζҲ̫ϸ̫ϸͻûо
ӦϺͽСһһˣɿؿʼ棬ַΪءϸ˵ҲӵĬܿˣʼûжϹһ
ʱѾΧ˲ٿֵˣδţ棬΢Щĵ˶ڿһһʽ
Һãͷһ쿪ţΪ棬Ϫ嶼ûйһζλСһԴ˵
ֵȻͦϲǰɰСޣҲϲӦ棬ǶƺûжȤֻǿ֣ûһҪԵġ
ӦϼⷴӦԵЩȣһ⣬ûͦεġ
СҵûʲôߴӦϸϽ棬ֻҪܹʵζؾͻȤˡ
棬Ƚ磬ѣ㹽ж㣬ﻹûзֶþ֭СɫࡱԼС𡱵ĸоСֻʹá
֮ټˮˮ֮Ϳˣȵˮٴηڣټһɰɰһ죬֮ʱ
ӦϵļûأζѾżˡûһ󺺾ЩͲסˣ߹ļǮ
Сָͷڵ:зݵͭ壬ݵͭ塣
æҡͷ:һѣô𣿸һɣ
̯ĵһλˣǿԸŶС˵һȻʡ˵ġͭѾ˱Ǯ֮ŶļǮˡڻʡǮʱ
һۣʹӻͳͭ壬ȻӦһݵġ
һ󺺾Ȳ¿ˣȻһ߳һ߲ϵصͷĻû£żŸΧĺóԡ
ζЩĶڿ󺺳Եô㣬ЩԾԾˡֻǮʵЩ󣬱һһͭȥˡ
СҿΣڴ˵:λ͹٣ǵһ쿪ţԽ˶Լһͭ壡ǰʮĿԼͭ壬Ŷ˰
һĶˣһͭ壬Ǿͺͨһ۸ˣôóԡǰʮܹͭ壬ǾǱͨݻҪһͭ壬׬ˣ˶ô룬Ȼ׷ŽǰʮҿнСͽСһԴ
ʱӦѾæòɿˣһ¯Сֻȥһ¯׼һĹߣýСҺӦһǿǿӦϡ
˳˶޲ڣ˲ˣԸӦÿ춼Żݣ۸ͬͨһˣȴó࣬ǵȻˡ
ԣŶ̶̰ʱ䣬ǵ̯ڼеԱߣһ˶֪̯
һԿŰﲻʲôæֻܵǮôͭ壬ʮֻϲֵöϲ£ˡа̾:ѺѺˣ
ӦϺͽСҿһ˳ȥҲϲЦտ
ܿˣһҲ֪ȥ٣ԽСҾû׼̫ࡣϾֻһڿ滹Ǻܻӭġ
Ͽź滹һأӦ˵û治ˣŴߴӦϸϽϾǮյ˵ʱûչأ
Уֺͳ治棬ζӦ˵
ϿɲֻӦԽںôˣѲɻܰѿ˸߲ɣֺ͵治ôˡ
СȴӦվͳһսߣӦһżȻҪ棬ҪͲĿ飬ŵһԼԼƣ˵ȥ̯Ҳˣ
룬ҲԡɽСȺ˽:λ˼ǵһ쿪ţҲû뵽ôǵʳ׼òǺܶ࣬ڴ˵һǸˣͬһص㣬ǻۣ֤˿ĵڣǰʮλ͹Ƕͭ塣Ķһͭ壬ҼС̯Ŷ


25 Ǯ
һСҵĻŶӻûгϵ˲һ꣬ôã˷ѹǿϧˡ滹ԣǾֻһŶˡ
п˶֮һѸٵպ̯ӣ׼ؼ֮ӦϺͽСϽۺһЩԭϡ
Ͽһô룬˵úϲ£죬ǿЩǮҪкʹû취ûЩǮ̯Ϳˣֻʹˡ
صңϾҽѾ˰ŷڼ˯һѽѾѾ˯¶ģͱһͷ
˵⽪ѾԽԽˡϳŵʱ˵Ըڼҿңϱ㽻ѷԺӸһ£Ժ֮ǰһģһܲ
ټϴͷ飬϶ԽѾƫرˣѾҲǺίСҶû˿оˣ
Ӧ˶Żصңһ˾ҪˡϺһ˦ͷ˵Լһ죬ҪӦϸϽ
СһԿţ⽪Ϻܲһ˶ѵǶԼô˼ԱӷʩġҼǽѾ£ϺҲСңСҶǲëˡ
ӦһϺְƸԼǲԸʾԼһˣҪ棬ⷹ
Ҳ֪Ըϱ˳ܣĬĬȥջˡ
ϼ˶ɣԼһʲôûֻǮѣĥĥˡ
ѾҰæϸ˽Ѿһ٣ڽѾʵһ㣬ϰԻǸĲˣѲϴ˱ûӰӡ
Էʱﰵ˵˽׬ӣȻӦ֮ǰȥ˲ٵĶӦûȫ⡣
Ӧ֪ϵ뷨ϣװû̽˼ΣҲӦзӦϻ׵˵:׬˲ǮôǮŰɣ
˵ǷӦԺܼǮʵӦϣΪʲô׬Ǯ
⻰ζ˶ˣӣɩ˵æ:ɩ˵ʲôǮһֱڹţô˵ͻԺǮţ
Ӧϰһڷ˳˵Ļ:ɩ˵ûҾҿŹܼˣ׬ôЩǮɩҪæũҪæ̯ģǮ»һ°ɡ
û뵽ӦϾȻһڴӦºˣ͵ʴףǮûҪԼľôȨˡ
ȻʹҲû취ֻܼԸذеǮӦϡСҼСһԿţﶼֽкá
Թ󣬽СóһӣӦԺ֧ÿնҪˣв־߽СС󣬲ȻҪץסӰǮջȥ
ڶ죬һ˸磬յĵص֮Сִ̯߽ĽȻҲڼģƦӦҲܣܣǵ˶ѾûӰˡ
ЧܺãǽǮñ컹ࡣ
ջصңͼɷ糾͵ظϹˣӦϿûиǶõɫ֪ͻȻݷãûģ˵ǵֶ̯ʲôԽˡ
ɽϺͽϺеһߣ˵ˣʮӡ
ϺͽϺӲˣ֮ǰϡͿؾͰѾôȨӦϣȥ룬ʵǺܲŮѵ˲ŻõģʮӣǲٽӦˡ
ˣҪ취ʧȥܵȨٶ
ǺӦϷʱϺͽϺнһͬ˳
ͲҪȥˣͷ¶棬ۣϺûӦ˵һ仰Ϳںȵ˽ʮӣ˵Ҳ˵
׬ǮҺڣôͷ¶涪ˣӦһ⻰ҲͲˣ˵ʲôУЩۼϣǾһֶ衣
ͷ¶棿ĵƦô£ѵö𣿡Ϻͷߦ̯ӽɡͽ̴Ͳȥˣɩȥũ
ӦñӶˣָɵ:ҵ̯ӣƾʲôҪҲСģѧûţ
С֪һֵĳΪӦϰѹǮȨˣϾò̹ڽţӲһ£Ȩȥ
Сڵ:ǵ̯κˣҲѧǲǵġİɣ


26 ִ
ϴʱǰĵ˵:ϱҲˣϴǰ̯ͱƦ۸ˡֻǽǸߣѾǺ˵ˣ´ǣǿɲ򵥵ˡ
һ˼ҵģ۸Ҳû취ʱԿͲˡҴǸˣǽ̯ͣڼģ鷳ҲõԴǺƵ˵⻰ζӦװ׵ġ
֮ܶҪ̯ߣ˸ɷѡôԭ򣬿ɲǸС̯׬ǮΪӦϰǮȨˣĲ
ӦǲӦ:˵˲оǲУеƦҾڱÿôˣһҵɣ
ʱҲ֪˵Ӧˣϰһ:ɸΪǵĵܿٴٺһ㣬ѾԼҵظˣܹʮӣ˵ôҲøһǣ
Ӧϵ˼˵ԼôǮһ飬ԾҪӦϰ̯һߺû飬һ߿Ӧϲóȥۡ
ϿǽǱߵˣЩΪıô㽫̯˻ֻҪգһȫԺ⡣
ӦϺôҲôˣܲʮӣԼ̯ǰȫߣǼֱΡ
ӦȻӦ֪ϿɲΪˣʮ꣬ϵӣӦһᣬǲڴӦ
ǮȰ㻹ǻȥɣǼҲǷ飬Ҳ̯ඣ
ʱ÷ˣ:˵ôôʶôأԼҵأʮӸǣǿ̯㵹ãҧŲǰɣ
ӦӳױŭˣһѽĿæȥӷɹȥպýϸˡ
˵ǼҵǲϡǲҪ̯˭ҲܺӦŭ۾
Ϻˣ˷ĻᣬָӦ:㲻̯ǰɣҿſ̯ĻȥˣˮŮˣҸ㣬Ҫǲ̯ҾýӰˣ
ӦϱͺܷŭҲԼͽϺ⣬һͳŽϺһ˳˹ȥ
ϺôɵǵģһѾͽӦеĹӸ˹ȥӦ˳ƳһȺߣŽͷһᡣ
⧲ϺͽһӦֺԼŮһæĳϻȭͷӦϵϡӴʱҲвˣϴԸϱϳ
ʱѾݱһȺˡӦϽؾŽͷ֣һ٣ôҲѡȻҲڴԼ˼ҵŮӦϸоԼӮһ㡣
СһԹۣһ˵ԴǱŸôһһʹ
ѾԽԽˣСҲûˡϾ׽ˣɲԸ⿴˺
ʱ򣬾ҪСӵȨ:ޣʹޣ²ܰѽַھӸйСһʼҲֻǱżװʣ濪ʼ˺ޡ
С˵ҲֻһСǴûм̡ϽСһԿ޵ĺ𾢣һӾϹһҲǿʼ˺ޣȽСһҪ
ӦϿԼһ˫Ů޳ίˮľҲܽˣȺмסСͽСҲסᡣ
ҲǱССҵһַͣ֡
һӦϺ۾һһӳȥˣҪ̯ôֱ׳ôڮӦʵܲˡ
һһʱ֪ô졣
Сڻ񣬽СǼٿޣСȷʵıŵˡ
Ժ˿Ӧӣشǰ߹æӦôˡ
Ӧһ˹ԼίˮˣһӵĿˮȫ˳»˽ҵҵѾϸܹˣҲһأֻԼҪ۸۸˵Щ˺òùǿɲ¡
һӦϵĻٿĺӣΪӦϸе޷޲ƽϲæߴӦϸϽȥ۸ˡ
Ӧ˵Ļٴ̤·̡úԺּϼҴҵظȥķļҡ


27 
ϵıӰ˲мҡҡͷҳϺͽϺֱĪı˶²㣬࣬ҪӦϳţҿô죡
ϵȻ֪˵뷨ֻҵӦϣ֮ǰȥȻǰͳӦһСӰӡ
ץסһӣֱӳץȥҲ˭˭֪һСҾ֪ҪץԼһһίС˵:ۣ
ʱǺͿˣԼŸСңûʹأ
ô˵ԭҪʹСȥԴ˱Ұ̯ǰɣӦϵ𣬽ӻ۵Ҫʱһ
ʱ򣬽ɹΣǰļˣȥԼǵóԴɡһͬ˵ӦˣԼûҪ̯
ӦȻǲŽĺģղôҲûһ䡣ֻǿҪźˡ
ˣҲˣҪҵ̯ҵСвҡ˵ӦҲһƨڵϣһ۸ңҰ̯̯׬ǮˣǾһĶͼı죡˵꺿
һԵĽСԼĸ׶ˣҪ̲סᣬСҲһί
ΧΧԽԽˣȻˣҲֹǿֵȤ
ˣĸֻҪǰæѣЩ챿ؽ͵
仰ûʲôЧ
øƭˣǹøҪݣ޶ˣֻ뿪С̯׬ǮάƣǹøҪߡСҿ޵
Χſֵ˷׷׷ʲôһĺӣ޵ôô˵ѣϺͽ̫ˡ
һ˶ԼкǲƽΪԼ棬ֻӸӦϽ͡
ϱҶ˵أɰ˻ʮãôôǺôѽȥ򹤣ֻǸæѣǮ˻ġ˵˵ʲôԵ𣿡Ͽʵһ´ˣҪ֪һơ
ϰѻ˵úܺãԼĹ˵ʲôһȴԼղЩΪֲֻᡣСתתӣ˵:˵ˣŮ˳ȥ̯ˮۣʲôˡˣˮʲô˼˵⻰ʱ¶һ洿ӡ
ӲΪӦϷ޲ƽڳŮ˶ŭˡǻٶȥ⣬⽪Ϻ˼ڿŮ˰ɣ
˵ģֻΪһ˾һߵվ˽СһˡߣҪϺһ˵ϼ˶ָϺĲԣЩˣӲ˵:Ҽҵû˵仰
Ȼǲģ⻰û˵Сҿ϶ǲģѲһĺӻ˵𣿶˶֪⽪СԸΨΨŵŵȻǲɳġ
һԵĽæͣԽԽңѾ϶⽪˲۸ӦϣǲѸŮôͣȺŮֻܳԼȻֺǺǵػظԼˡ
ʱҲ˹ҵĳ棬취ǲɢԼԼ˫ŮСԼĻ
ڸղ˺ѷο޵ʱ򣬽ͻȻӣŸ˹СǺȻĽ˽ӵĻǽСȻЩܡ
ҲףӦϴͷԼЩ°ˣĵҪ˫Ůһ㡣
뵽̧ͷӦ˵:ҪǲͬǰæԼɡ̯˭Ҳߡ
Ӧһˮôˣ˵˾άĻˣǼΪġ
ҲӦʾãǰǱҪǰæ˼ûҪ̯û˵ˣҪǲ⣬ǲȥˡ
Ӧһգ⻰˼˵ô䣬ǰһڣ˹ȥ
ӼæӦϱȥмңмͦԶģߵ÷ɿ졣
ӦϵУ˸ѣκûЧֻȸӦϰ
УôˣСҿ΢΢üڸʲôƬۣ֮Ž˵:ɷ𣿡
ӵͷ
ǻˣúţû⡣ʰһ°þߣ㲻Ӧˡ
Сһ˵öҪˣҲ¶ϲ
Ǵ֪Ϊʲôε֮࣬СӦΪεű͵ģЩǵʵ


28 ̨
п˽СһۣԽ˵:ջһң̥󻹲̫ȣεΪ˴̼̫¡һῪҩȶ̥󣬻ȥ֮Ҫڴ̼ˡ
һ֪ܴ̼±Ǹղϵ£׷׽ĿͶϡ
ϱӦϻоͲģһУ൱˰ͶӦϵģǸɲػġڼ˶ĿͶϣ·ָ˵¶Ϊ
ӵȴץҩͽӦϱؼˣһֱڶϣӦϲһԼˣӦԵ١ѾˣԼһ̥ѾûҪˣǾôСģôֻˣ
ҼﻹǷôծ͸˲˵ڼ̥ˡ
С֪Ӧϵĵǣ˫ֻӦϵĲ˵:ͰİǰѵܵðװֵġûǮҿﰡվԱߵĽСͽС׷׸:Ҳ׬Ǯס
ӦϵȻЦмôĺӣҲ֪ˡС⼸һŪӦϵ鵹Ǻ˲٣ȻΪƷӻǿȥ̯׬Ǯġ
СӦϵĻͲˣúϢɲӦܳȥˡ
Ѿ̻˵ϲ٣оСʹӦϾڼﰲ̥ùʲˡ
Ӧ̾˿˵:ȥ̯ǲСЦһȰ:̯Ҳûеùùøﰡڵ걦ֿȥˡ
ӦŽСҰοĻҲ΢΢ص˵ͷ
֮һ˳ȥ⼸ӦϵúܺãڱѾܲˣкܶһ̯ڼʹ۸صԭˮƽҲôˣϾﳬֵˡ
ܿˣӵһΪʲôӦҲ̯ȥˣΪʵ̫ˣһ׬˲ٵӡ
׼ؼҵʱ򣬸ĽСҿ˱ĽССɺͽĶӡ
ŽСǱ׵ģС̲סȥ׷ʲô¡С˽Сһۣͷ˵
СŽӼ˻صУ·Ͻ˵Ҳͦ棬ⲻĺӡù̫࣬һֱŲʡصҽϺһԼﱻҪһ١
ϵ׷֮¡СС˵:Ǻͬѧˡ
ϿηӾȻ˵Сˮͺͷ˭֪ȫվڷһߣңҺǴܵʱ򣬻Сİͬѧ̨ˡСԽԽСֱ涼ˡ
СԼĶСӴˣȻϹϵӽСҳˡ
̨Ҫ٣ϼеʵĵˣС˵ģ̨ƵͦˣȻôɥġ
ӡСС˵˸ȥϵ:ʲô룿
Сû˻ӦӦǲ˵ʲôˡǾĬˡ
Ͻп಻ǽѾͷ棬Ƿ˰ʮ⽪СҲŲ̄ССһ̨ȻҪӣǵ˼ӵùŻǮѽ
мƽϰ죬ûؿڵ:ҿûǮˣǮӦϣȥҪȥ
Сͷ֪ʱһˡ
Ѿ֪µԭίԼùҲù뷨СеС͵͵ظС˵:ߵֹձˡ
С⻰ɫȻ˱䣬ӦϻˣﱾûǮԼִôĻӦϰ˳ɻѧֵˡ
뵽ɫֲ԰һ֡
Ѿ龰һ˿ǹô˵ģΪʲôϴγôĿϿô˳ۣҸϷŪһ¶ѡ
䣬Сڿ˼ضӦЦһֱӦûʱҲòͷˡװĵӣ˵ϣӦϿӡ
ӦѾŮڶŮѾˣֻҪǸʡһĺӣʮָлˡ
СӦϵĻΪԼף飬뵽ԼܻᱻѧٷûôԺãƲֵġһжСҿ
󣬽Сҽһй򶼴֮Ӧϵķ䣬ڼȱǮЩҪӦһˡ
СҽԼ뷨˵Ӧ֪֮ҪķˣһԸⰡϴҪѾԼ̬:ѷӸˣⷽǳԷļһ֮ûõķӿǮˡ


29 㶹
ǼںȱǮҲ֪ѾǷ⹫ʮˣ׾ҪнַھҲһЩھķȥҲͬѽСȰ˵
ӦȻеĸϵô׬Ǯķˡ˺⣬ǷӾͬˡ
СҼӦһģ˼Σ˵:ʵڲӣﵹǻһķӣӦøá
ӦԭѾԥҪҪˣһС˵ĻȻϲòˣæ:㻹֪ʲô˵
СĶ˵:㶹ƣζܲҳɱͣҪǣļϻûֶҸҿ϶úã
㶹ƣһֱĴͳСԣģ̶࣬˹һ㣬ɱҲǺֻܵͣҪ㶹Ϳˡ
ӦһСҲˣ㶹ôã˵ÿ˵:úúãȰǿپĸСôģҲǺĶȲҪ֪С˵㶹ʲôӡ
С˵ˣ㶹һʱģҼҲû㶹ˡ
Էʱ䣬С磬֮ǰƨûȡЧѾ⣬ȳ˷֮ȥӦҪǮ
СҿӦϽСģ֪Ѿ¶ľǱҲҪӦҪǮˡ
극Ӧϻ᷿ʰۿСҪ̤ӦϵķţȴСҸ
СʵȻԽСҵΪܲ
Сҿ˽СеĲͷѡӡҪȥСֱ˵ʵ
СʱĲѾΪˣ־ҪѽСƿû˵:ʲô£
СҵһЦȻôױС˿ȥ֪ʲôСóС˵ȥҪǮ𣿡
С˽СҵĻ۾ɵôģǰûкͽСйĽɴʱСҵȺǰΨΨŵŵܲɶԱȡ
СҲԽСҵı仯ûйĹעǶԽСҿԼ¶Щ:Σܵ㣡˵ҪѽСƵһȥ
С̾һŶĺӣô档ֻε:ҹл˵Сû˼ֻ˵:ҪǲҾͲõҲ׼Ǯ
ССҾû취ֻεظϽСңߵһƧĽ䡣
̨Ѿ֪ˣ㣬ҪȥҪǮǰɣСʵ
СЩûػص:֪ʣ
㲻ҪȥˣǶҲûǮС˵ǽСƭӦȷʵûǮȻ׬һЩȻûлرܹҲûжӣϽӦϹܼҵǮҲû١
ϴνʮΪӦϼҪԼ̯ҪɵİæѾûȥˣ
ʱ˵ûǮСȻţ:ôܣۼеǮأҿ׿ڸ˵ģ
Сʼ˵:㰮ŲšȻֿڵ:ûǮ㲻ҪȥҪˣɣҸǮȥ
Сɵ:㣿ĶǮͣȻǺܲŽСҵġ
ܾˣţҾͻǮȥС˵ȻתҪС䡣
С룬Ӧ϶ûжӣСôܻͻȻĳ뷨ŽСҵıӰ:ҪȥҺҪǰɣ
СҵıӰ㶣Ȼû뵽û뵽Сô˵
Ҳ¶ǰɣ˵ûȻǸˮŮˣ;ͻṴˣСԹԵЦȫûע⽪СѾѿɫ
žһĶ𣬽СֱӸ˽Сһ⣬˭ôûС֮ǰ̬ȻûϵСһͻȻϮԼ
СԼ𾪵ؿŽСңȻСС21ʹԽΪѾ֪˴˵ļɣԴرۡ
СĵһӦǳͽСŤһ𣬶Ǻܴؿ󵽽Ϻ˳
Ϻһ޵ǽСԱվŽСңɫһͿ:ǻǲ⻰ǶŽСģСýָͷ붼֪
Ϻ˼䣬Ǽû˸ԼŸɣû˼һ񾯸˽Сһǣͻˡ
Щ죬СѾϺѵֹһˣڵѾѧӽϺˡһƣСȻ˶оˬ


30 
Сҵһۻڿ޵ĽСЩвζ˵һ:ҵǸ
СѡӣĴ۸ˣֻ˵:ԲҴˡ
СȻûӻܵĳ⣬ֻҪѵСһ٣͹ˡС˦һ:ȥȻὪСȥˡ
СԭǲģԼһԼҪСŮ۸⵹ǶˡܲӦϾõǮͦ⣬ϾӦϵĻƱػᱻѵһ٣ϣСܸǮ
ǰȥ㶹ĽСѾˣСӹȻƤݡһ˵ҪʱȻһ̶ȵʱͼǼ۽裬֮гɸʽ״Ϳóȥˡ
ȵӽϵʱ򣬽Сҵ㶹Ѿ¯ˣóȥЩ˳ԣССһ飬һĶ˵ʳ׷æһ鳢˳
ţζãĸĶҪóأС޵ɲڿģ㶹ĺóԡ
ҲͬصͷֻϴɻĿ⿴ŽСңʵ:СңôôϡĶǵ֮ǰСǲ֪ЩġԴˮԺ󣬽СҲ䣬˶ˣִ֪ûֶ
ʵʱ򣬽СЩÿˣܸܲȺǴδԽİɣĻЩ˿϶ΪСں˵˵㲻ΪҲΪСǸŮ
С׼һֱر⣬˵:ǰһƯģ˵ԵԾͽ̻ЩһЩĶأ
ɻ:Ư㣿
СҲ:԰ǸƯˣҴźܻӦǸ˼ҳġ
Сô˵Ҳûʲô˻ˣһ۵ĸ֮ˣСи˰ӦǴĸ˼ҳģ˳ͽ˽Сҡ
Ǳվų㶹ƵĽѾŽСҵĻֻԼûǸνĸˣȻҲԺͽСһΪΪˡ
Сҵɣʹû׷飬ԺʲôҲ˻ˡ
СҺӦϵ˼ǣֻ㶹ƵķӣȥϾﴫͳһӦҲܻӭ
ڶ콪˺ܶ棬سǣƷ׼䷽ת˰죬سĲ͹ݣسܻӭһҲ͹ݣ汻ƹϵĻӦüǮ
СһţǰдСµҳҲΪʲôС룬ȥƹֱӽһӡ
СĻ߳ʵ:ʲô𣿡
СŬŬ죬ʾ⽪еĶһʼӸûע⽪СңĿһֱͣڽϣֱֽһֱŽСŷӦ
ӿЩǺ棬Ҫʲôϡ涫СҼеĲƹģڵ:ƹأ
Ӻ˵:ʲôֱӸ˵УƹĺæûЩС顣
СִҪΪСҲģҪ˰ѽС˸ӳȥ
ʲô£һºӳ𣬳ת˿æͷƹġ
С͸ӣֻһӴ¥ϻģʽƷýСҶ˼֡
к£ߵСҶǰʵĿҲͬһӡ
Сҽα˺ӣѾЩˣɿӲŰעڽСϡǵ֮ǰͳ˵һŮӵѵ
СҸܵԷ񣬸ӲˣǳðһͲ˼Ұʮģ
뷨֮Ժ󣬽Сҿ˵:һ׮Ҫ̸̸֤ǻϲȻһ۶ſڵļˣ˵:ǽȥ
ڷһ£˵ͷСŮͷˣССͦÿһҲƲõˣֱӽ뵽ʱרŻĵط
С㣬ڿ˵˵˵ָʲô˰ɣڷ翴СҵСģһʱ֪ôƺˣ˵СãԵЩӶԷ˰죬Ǿ֮ΪС㡱
СҶԳƺûʲôȤӴڷǰһ¡Ӳڷˣλ˶
ôôϸڷ૵һվŵĳѾ˺üϸĲˡ
ҪķӡС˵Ȼ֪Щ˻ᾪ棬û뵽ԷķӦ˸
ˣͰսúɣȵҪõʱֱȡˮˡ


31 ̨
ҪķӡС˵Ȼ֪Щ˻ᾪ棬û뵽ԷķӦ˸
ˣͰսúɣȵҪõʱֱȡˮˡ
ڷ룬ȻͷҪСչʾһôóԵĻǲ
Сҵ˵ͷڵ:ǿ϶ģϾԺ뽫ƹ㣬ֻҪڷóԣŸס
ʳҪ˲ϣСҴչ֣һ棬Ҳĳ͵ѧϾеĳЩûָ򲻳ģЩǡǡľ衣
һڷųһڱޣһԵĳζ۾ֱؿڷ룬ô꣬Ҳܶɽ亣ζԼĲ˶ˣЩɽ亣ζǰ档
СҿΧ˵񣬽ʣµ涼˳ȥ˴ϲ
ôڷԹ֮󣬲˲ʵζʵܺãҪڿǰַȣһ붼ȥ
С۹׼õ㶹˳ȱ𼱣ֻģһһ䷽СҶ㶹˵
ǰᣬڷӲҵСңץһ㶹ƷŽڷϿƽѾܼˣôûгԹ
ʱĹ˿Ͷ˵ѾĲˣɫҲûɫˣǿΪɫƷɫġ
С֪ڷȻɫѾˡҪôڷʵ
С룬˵һ:㶹Ƶ÷ȥڼ۸Ҳ֪㿴Ÿɣǲ̸ȻһʱˣûжĸҲ֪䷽жֵǮ
˵ˣԼԿ˵öˣԷ̸£ɴⶪԷ
ڷаϼһ£ڳʮӣС룬ڵ:ǿԣڼҲһ̯ʱҲ˳㶹ƣ㿴
ڷһ£ʵԭɡ
С̾˿˵:ǰʱ˱˵ĶǷ˱˰ʮӣǲ⣬׬Ǯծ
һԵĽŽС˵Щ£ɫԵúܲȻȼг£Сһó˵õоЩ޹⡣
ڷ翴ССˣоͦģССͣǸŮӣҪΪƷǽ㶹ƳʮҲˡ
Сһ£˵:㶹䷽ǲ
ֵڷˣȻ棬óʲôĶȻ߼ۣ
Сʱ򲹳:ǲ棬ǲ䷽ǿ԰꣬䷽ǲңըһ죬⵹ǿǡ˵꣬ͽڷչʾ
ڷ糢֮ǺһĨЦ˵:㲻䷽ȷġվڽСҵĽǶѡȷȷġ䷽ҲֻʮʮԼڸС̯ʱһͿ׬ܶʮʮ
㻹ҵĶˣСʵ
ڷһӣֻҪģȫˣ
СҺϲڷˬ죬̸:һ:㶹Ƶ䷽ʮӵļ۸Сҿʹô䷽ܽ䷽תˣը䷽ʮӵļ۸:͸ڷһļ۸ķ㣬ÿͭ塣
ǵֻҪͭ壬ͭ嵹ǽСҪˣϾⶫһָߵ͹ݣ۸ǻϼʮ
ǩֻѺ֮󣬽Сһ뿪վҪСǮȥСýӺһȥһ˽Сĵط
ѧãСһʱûҵСҲ֪СĶȥˡǽСѪ˸ʣ˳˽СΪʲô¡
ʵСץץԴȻ˵:˵Ϊ׷־ɿϵĹԲ˳ͻ̨
СҺͽͬʱһ㶣ǵ֮ǰСĽΪ˵ˣˮС˳ͻڱΪһܡ
֮佪СС˵ˮ飬С˲˸ţ˵˵ȥˮ˲־ɣԼ
СҴʱˣƭƭǮ
̨ܹģҪأǸСǮǰɣȥǺʶ˵¡


32 С
ĻСҵѾ˴ˣӵΪ
ҵСӺ˳ֵĸһơ˵˳֣Ϊ֮ǰһֱǶʹ˰ƣ֪ΪʲôѾͣˣѾû֡
һƵĽСʱûлعҲ֪ԼΪʲôƣ˲ˡ
ûõӣŭ⺢ô˵ҲԼģ̫ȥСΪŭʵѶŽСתˡ
С㶵ؿеĶӣ׷ʲô£ԼСƱˣϲ˿ֻ:ȥƲùˡ
˻صңСܳӭӣϴһžͲˣ˵ɻǮء
ǮѾȥˡСҿڵսĽ˵һ飬СƭԼ飬׼˵ϾͿʵ:ôʮǮ
ŶӦҵ㻨ǮСڴ
ʲô㻨һӸʮǮϲӵ˵УһСӣһҲôǮϽǮ˻
С죬˵:ƾʲôˣڹǮѾˣôʲô
ϲϺ˵СһҪȥʮǮ㻨ǮҲǳôຢӣû˸һҪʮǮġһ˵СҲǮ죬Ϻͷˣ:СӣǺܾûǰɣ͵
Сб˽Ϻһۣ޺޵ػص:ЩǮƾģҪ㻨ǮôˣҪǿߣھͰǳһػǣҲҪһǮ
ϱҲҪʮǮҪģСôһ˵Ͳ˵ˣµʱСҰӻԼԽԽˣɲſôһõġ
ϺûпǵһأһӾ:Сӣѧᶥǰɣҽ첻úʰ㣡
ϿԼҵͻȻ룬æϽϺ죬СҡǮܵ˵һãҪǷǮˡ
СҿŽСٿΧˣ˵:ŴҶڣҪ˵顣һҾýСȥ顣˵꣬ĿתСһڴģ֪ȥ
ֻнСͽСģСϾģԴ϶ˣһֱôҲû顣ԭΪһӾˣ˭֪˽СңȻ˵ͲȥЩˣŽС๦ΣӦû⡣
ֻһﻹҪǮС飬ͲˣǷһƨծﻹܹ顣
ȻСǱģƽԽСҲûƢӦ϶㲻÷ǳãܱҪǿ࣬ԽСһֱӦߵġ
ʱһڣԼĻãúˡϾϵĻȨǿֻҪͬ⣬ʮа˾žûˡ
Сҵغһ˵ⷽ棬СȽС츳ˣСӣôûʲôȻûǮǾýСˣСôãʶֻûС࣬ҾСж츳
һ⻰æ˵:ʹãʹðСô˵Ҳ˺üˣ⽪Сô˵ҲϲСѽܻԩǮҲˣҪͶ
վһԵĽ죬Ȱ˵СҪȥ飬ȥ֪ôڡҿСǼģҲȰ˵ʲôˡ
ڼҲЩˣСûʲô⣬Ǯ׬ģǹǮģôô¾ô˵ˣ˵꣬СҽĿתӦϡӦһ£Ҳ˵ͷͬˣǮԣھ׻кüµʱ䣬ԣҲżʡһӡ
һ۾Ͷ£϶ûüСĿСͶȥһм
СЦЦתڵ:ڶ£ȥСǮʱҷһЩر顣˵ͽĿתϡ
һǹڽС飬ֻŶСͬѧ̨Ҫ⳥ӣȴҪ˶룡ңΪͱһͬϲһŴ̨ܷҵԩϴˡ
Сʼ磬ԩԵ޹ʳΪ˽С̨ɡղŲ˵ͶǸɴͽнСɻˣѧãõĲѧĵѧˡС飬ҾýСҲû


33 
ϿŽСҵһ󷢻šûĽСҡһСҾȻƭ֣ҲýСҪȥ˵ˣ½СһˣýСҲ顣
ӦϺͽվһԲ˵ϿҪӦԼϺɫò˵ȽСѧٲðһ޳⡣
˵Ѿûʲô˵ˣСŽСʰ׼ھȥѧñ
ʰöӦϺͽССһͬǰѧãһӣæӴ֪Լˡ
ʲô𣿡ʵĿ⿴Ӧϡ
Ӧϻش:͸ѧ
Ŀɨɨ߸ӵǸкӿѾСˣѾ˶ʱԱǸӣȻʣȴһŮӡ
ϪССǮŮ飬ڴ˼Ůӻ϶жŽڣҪԼܵѧ
ӡʱ򣬽СǰһʺõˣСԴӦ˵:⺢ӣµͦ£ֻϧ˵㣬˶ʱˡ
ҲףС˼ҶûǮ飬ȵôˣѧҲޱһ˵ѾûıҪˡ
Сһţʱ򿪿˵:ӣȻ˵㣬ڼҵʱһֱҵܵһʶ֣Ӹһᣬɡ
֪Լûлģ﹩ѾܲˣһֱŽСѧʶ֡û뵽СΪȡᣬٲŬʵԲסСҡ
Ŷӷһʴʣ漴ѧʶ֣
С˵ͷӿģҲ˵ѣ:֪ũʫ
СȻ֪ڱе:յ磬κ˭вͣࡣЦЦɲǰдܰʫдұѧ
СȻ֪Ҫһֽһ֧ʣֽϻдʫ˼ñʣдеŤŤ⣬ûκεĴÿһֶȷġ
˽С⣬ܶԴӿŽС˵ͷȻǴ˵㣬⺢ѧȻˣѧ
ӦϿŽСΣοΪСôˣܵܽС飬ȴֻѧοȻΪСڷܡ
֪ԼѧˣС˷ܵסӦϺͽС˵:ллллСҡСҷСˮģΪ˲ѿֻˡ
ˣھʹȥ飬ҪõĶСЦЦ˵û뵽ڽСҪ
ˣͱīֽСǶУҺһþͺˡС˵Ѿ˺ܶǮˣʡʡ˷Ǯ
ѧøôÿտԻȥסС˵꣬Ͷ˴кŷӽѧá
СΪ̨£鱾ͺܲСԼǰĲʵ:ô
鰡С˵˵ȫûע⵽СеĶ⡣
˽СĻС㶣飿ôҲˣѲΪԼӦҪѧýСԽԽţĻҪȥũˡ
ţرѽСԼϻȥֻҪˣͲԼѧˡ
飡һ죬Сͷ˿ԼĶСƵڵءСָŽС:ʲô飿Ǯ飿϶͵͵Ǯģ
Сû뵽СôԼص:Ǯɲֻ׬ģڴС׬ģҲСģҲû˵ʲôΪʲôͲ
ΧΧŵͬѧʱҲŽСָָ㣬һվ˵:ҪľüͲˣô˵ǲܵ飬ô˻Ҫܵ
仰޷ͱ˽СʹĻȫ˵˳Χô˸˵ˣӽСܻˣץס˵ӣܡ
ǰһӰǷˣСæſˣԹԵصͷվšǰ»ڲִһܡǷӰѽյ߼Ŀܱѧˡ
ӶŽСһ̾˿ҵС̫ƤˣƢҲܴǿǿշٴ㣬ܱˡ


34 ҪҪ飿
ߣСϵĶ֮󣬹վһߡƳ˽С棬ֻм򵥵һ֧ʣһСīֽʵ:û飿Ϊʲô򣿡
Сڵ:Ƿ˺ܶǮѾܲˣС飬Һһһˡ
ӵ˵ͷ˵:ûɲУȥ鷿ҪĶõֽǮ
Сϲظŷˣ½СŰʷй
ɫСų飬ӵͬѧǸɷѧڽС׼ʰؼҵʱ򣬽С˹˵ҪͬСһȥ
СЩƣ⽪Сողź˼ܣôھˣ
ߵѧſڣСͣСɻؿǲʲôˡ
Сָָ·ͣĳ˵:ȥɣôԶ·ȥ۰
Сǰĳô󣬳Լţûֳءҡҡͷ˵:ѧֲԶǻ·ȥɣֳ̫ˡ˵꣬ҲȽСӦѾ˲ӳżҵķˡ
С֮£ֻܸŽСһ·ȥ˵ҲԣСƽûгԹ࣬ÿջؼҶȥġֻ˶ǮڽСʡһһ֡
һ·ϣС߶СΪʲôȰȥĻѾڼˡߵǱ˼ʮصһضؼҵģҵʱ춼ˡ
ҪΪҪͽСùϵعںã߼ˣȽСһѧءѾ﷢ģԺ󶼲ͽСһȥˣҪԼؼҡ
ϺȿؼҵĽСˣĿڽСǰģɫ˼֣:ûõĶǵѧʲôãͽͽ
СϺͷ˼֣;ԼڸֱϺһ˵˳ʹĵһӷŴ
һԵĽСմմϲүĲͣ˵Сûȥˡ
СҴӳ߳ϺĶ֣һǽСˡŽϺúܲͷ綼ֻ߶ˣר˵СʱԽСʲôõӰͲˡ
Ϊһˣûɴ¾ˣȻŮƵģ裬¡
Ϻ߶ĽСҴʱҲ̲ȥˣ˵:СҪǲϣǽСҲϣýϺͣ
Էʱ򣬽Ϻ˵£Сҽһң:׬ģôôбҲȥ׬ʮұ֤һǮᶯǵġڲСҪ飬ҲһҪСС飬ĲŮҲҪȥ飡
һԵĽѾţؿ˵:ǲҲҪȥ
СǹһĨЦ˵:̫ˣֲѧﲻա
㣡Ѿû뵽СҾȻ˵Լϣ۾ĵôġʮ꣬ôˣС˵ļŭ
һߵĽСͽСȴ͵ЦСҵһ仰ǳ׼ȷ˽Ѿ״
ѾڽСҵߣһ˦˦˽СҵϣӦϼѾȻˣסСңһѽѾŭ:ôˣ
ѾһѣеˡϼӦҲ뵽ⳡϵĽϾҲǳŽѾӦ϶
ٷϺŽɺͽѾӦԼļӣϾûͣ
󣬽СûдýСͷǿĴۡ
ȣϵ:ѣڻʣ¶ծûϴ:Լʮ
νСӣֻܹ׬˶ʮ»̨ǮԼСǮԭϣѾ˽ӽˡڼѾûзӿˣҲ˵û취һ׬ôˡ
ʣµծҪ׵ʱͻϣֻܿǮùӦֻˣСܻܵС󡣶鲻ֻҪѧѾ˵ģڼīֽһʺܴĿ
СŽСϵ˵ƳƳСС˼˵ô࣬ʵǲҪСȥѧ
СŽСĻ鸴ӣһ飻һ棬ĻﾭѹѹҲǲСġ
ʱҲ֪ô죿Ŀ⿴ӣϣܸԼø⡣ҲͬԼ飬ֻܷˡ


35 С
ӸܵСĿ⣬ҲýСˣǽСеĿ⾹Ȼʹʹص˵ͷֻ֮˵:ú顣
СӵĻֱϲˣͷСһ˵:Ҳѧˣлл
С˵̸ɫ˲ȥĿûдɣڽҲֽ֧С飬ܲˬһ棬һȨֻеλ˲ſӵСһ棬ҲĽûǮСĳɼãʱֻܹһ˶飬Ǹ
ӣҲûмˣǲ˵СӽС·ʱԽС˵:ӦѧҵΪأ飬ӦԺ˵˵꣬ɫѿĽСˡ
СĻ޷˵ѾԽСѧõ֪֪ˣͲˬСҲȥ飬ڽСΪﵽͷˣ ȻǸˡСɲвֻϧС顣
СŷӸ飬ͬСͽСһ飬˵СҲҪˣôҲǱƴѧҵǵŷֺ֣ԭͬȻƵģвС𣬵½СҿʱǺ˳ŸŽСһʶ֣Ͼţʶڽкܴİ
ӦϿżӿ̿ѧϰӣкģûŵ½Сô飬СΪŮûˡҪ־͹ֽСͶ̥ȻһŮӣһкô֮϶дɾ͵ġ
ڶ죬ССԼСһȥѧãСŽӺȥ棬Ͱַ˽ӣֻǽСһ˵Ļġ
ҲֻȥǮԼɨѣϵӣѧ棬֪ҪĳʲôԽСһֱ
ţСҺȻ˽תһǺشСΪ߹СһԴп̾:ôһﰡ
ԭڽҹ䣬ȻˣһСңͽһ߽һȻû뵽һʱ䲻Сҳøˮˡ
Сۿźأ˵:ʲôһֱŽСҵһƻӹȥҵĵλֻˡ
ô⼯ҿѽүתת𣿡شүǻ˵
һԵĽ˵ĶԻڶԺ˵:үǷҵѾˣֻС⣬үŹǽҰɡ˵꣬Ҫź¹
СҼˣæؾǸ棬¹Ҳû취ߣἤ¡
˽ӵĻΧתȦȻ˵:Źǣ˵ѽҿûҪô
С޿κˣһôʱ䲻֣֪棬ʱҿǺãܵˣ˿Ϳܲˡ㵽СҲͷ˵һԵĽӳ˳Сң½С̫壬ײү
ؿСѾҪˣɫ:Ҿ㣬첻˵ˣʱ׷㣬ܵ㷼ģͼ޸ҡ
С֮ǰȷʵô˵Ƕܺصģʱ̫ңֻû֮ƣû뵽صǵˡ
˵㽪Ѿǰʮӣͷļ۸ԶԶֹ۰Ϊ£ұҵһ٣˰µĽգ飬ܲܲɣܻ𳵵˵
ȷʵΪ±үӸѵһ٣ͷôǺҶүĲʮӾͰǴˣܲκͷĴ˼ңô˿ţ־ݣܲˡһ֮úڼ˰£⼸ŷų
Сҵǲô˵ģĻһպͻȻĳ飬ƺʲôˣҪЮСҡ
ǮѾˣֽ֣үǺˣǾȥٸ˵˵°ɡС˵ֻϽһҪȥأĹ˿Ͷءֻϣػ˼һ¹ٸ
Ǻһ忿СңЦ˵:Һһ¹ٸ𣿲㣬ҾȥٸҲ¡
СҺһԶءȷʵôǮٸ˹ûպӣȻΪС¾ͱɽġ


36 ½
ؿС첻˵Ȼ۽СЦ:С̯Ǯһغңү֤ĺģðװ֡
Сź⻰˵ΪãʵϾڷصΪһδĺһСҲһСӼƽϵˣںǵˡ
СҲ˵ʲôֱһˮصĽŵһã˵:ǵôҲ׬ǮҪۡô˵ֺܱУųϱǿ
ܹȴˮŵϵĻҳ˺صЬϡһӾе:ˣˣүЬˣ
ȥԶЬ̸һ˫ֵĹĻϣԭ˫ͱˡʵҲǺعڽСǰģԵƴ֣һŮӿǮˣȥ
ڽСȴʧȥЧƫƫʵ䷴ûʲôӡ󣬾ԭһ˿ӡʱۿۡ
Сʰһ¶׼Žӳﵢôã̯ûء
ؿСҲֱˣЩﲻôû˸ôѲκβ⼸СŮޣţ˦Ӿͳ෴ķˡһ̲δɵˮ
˲ã֪СҿԼʱ򣬺ĵشС˸ȥŽСǶææµµӣ:ѲⶫҵĽƱ
һСˣشӿڴͳһӣ˵:㣬ȥҰĶһݻ
СƨƨߵؾȥŶˡûãһһ㶹ƾͶ˵˺صǰһͭ壬óƴճģ¾ɲһ
һ㶣ͭ壬ԭⶫͭ壬ֱӽ붼ģǽСôǮģ
ֶڵ濴˰죬ĵ:ⶫܳ𣿡ţӳһڣȻذһ붼˸ɾֳ㶹ƣԱߵС˿۾ֱˡаԽλü£ÿվһ롣
궫ĺٴνĿͣڽСϣ۾תת֪ϼʲôȻһСﳤȥ
æµĽСȻûзЩ顣ȵʱ֣ѾˣֻǻһЩ㶹ƻû⡣СѾ׼̯ˣʣµ㶹ûȥǼӳԡ
ʱһŮСҵ̯ӣ˵Ҫ棬СҿһŮˣԼҲʮ꣬ûжµĺۼֻϧ˵ۿѬˡ
СҴ˶Էۣ˵:˼Ҫԣ
Ů˰ѼͭϣȻԽС˵:ǮȽˣһݡһַ˵û͸͹ȥȻڽСҡšһ֮Ťˡ
СҽʼڱϣһһǮϴʱôྭֵǮȴСҵĿڴܿкߣȴֲýС
ڶһ磬Сҵ̯պþŮ˸ĵַ˵͹ȥ
˰ţҲû˳ţԺӵȴûйأ˵Ӧ˰ڽС׼뿪ʱﴫһţǿŵ
ǣﴫһ˵֪
Сҿ˶Է룬Ȼеݹȥ˵:Ӧ˶档
˽ӹ棬ȻһҵĿԣֻ֮һƨڵϣеСҼ˿Ҫ˷κ̫СʱҲ˵ģͬСһ𣬰˷˴ϡ
ѹղţ˻ӦԭԲڴǼ򵥵СҴ˴ϵ˼ۣ˼ֲ²⡣
ʱ΢½æ˵ллȴһֱСҽݹȥԺܿٶȰ֭ҲˣӦúܾûԶˣӿɲˣʳҲô𣿵Ȼ˵˳⡣
СҼ½ǧлгţߵԺʱ򣬾ͿǸŮһһ˽ԺӣİˣͰŵָ˻ȥ
СҺô֮ǰҲǶʮüˣܲ˽ڵװʲôûӣŮ˵ǰʱ򣬿˵:ˣҪѾ͹ˡȻת뿪ˡ
Ů˼Сһ뿪˵ֱۣ˵Цǣò
ϵʱ򣬽С̯պþ½ңŰǸԲڴˣСҽͣţȻš


37 ж
һһŮһߴ·һ߳ͷʵ:˭ѽСҼʱͷһ˿ң·һûۺá
СȻԽ֮ǰ£ǶЩ컹ûأ ģȻ֪Ůڸʲô
ŶǽֿǸģҵ˵棬һǻҪҪСҿڴ
ŮһһСҲûϣڴ򷢵:ҪˣҪĻһ˵ġ˵꣬顱һŸˡ
СҴӽʣ㶹ڳһ½Աߵһؤ:Ҷˣʲô˵ұ֤컹һ㶹ơ
СؤҲģ۾ֱؿԼ㶹ƣһڿˮȻصص˵ͷ
ڶʱ򣬽СߵͣؤҲؾˣСңһϲȻ˵ܵСߣ˵˵
ԭ콪С뿪֮󣬹˺ܾãֳһУСҿ϶оϺ½ķһǸ
Ժ½ҾûʲôˣСҴóһ㶹ƵݸСؤ˵һ:Ŭһ㡣СؤȻ֪绹㶹ƣæͷԴҡСһ
ʱСҹ½ңؤؤ˵ûˣء
С룬½ǸģӦòǳȥɢˣ½Ҳܴȥҽˣ½Ӧû½ңֻؤһֱûԲ֪ѡ
ǽСָָţԽ˵:߿һ㶣ˣһͻᱻ˵С͵ץɣ
СҿǸԸģż˵:İɣ߻أٲţߵ˾Ҫˣ
ӽŽɵ˼ţűͲʵϽִ¾ͱ߿ˡ
Сæȥ½ɫ࣬촽ϣȥжˣСҲҽʦëֻСؤȥ˽СѴмңСؤ֪ÿ¶бģҲϲС㣬ԽСҲſڣƨƨߵȥˡ
ûãоˣȻжˣжһʱ޷Ȭ
С룬ֻܽ½ţȥѼңмҽпÿ춼ƣӦϺһʴˣû˻᲻ͬġ
½ѾԼȥˣֻнӺͽСҸţӦҡ
ţóʣ㶹ƸѼҵļӳԣҲζ
˵㶹ҲǽСģֱܸɡĿԼ⼸Ůϴһ£ЩмͽСͬ䣬мȽСҴϺü꣬˼ҽСҶѾ׬ǮˣȴԵģ˱ˣģ
һԵϿϿ򼸸ӣҲ뷨Щæ˵:ҼС飬Сѧȴأ
Ϊ˲Ƣֻ˵:ӦҵĺӶģҵıŮŮ
ţĵ棬˵ܲҶǺܿģֻҪӵⲻô׻Ǯ¾ϣˣǲ裬ӴԼܱȱ̤ʵ
һ˵ⲻתתС˼ˡ˵:˵÷򰡣ǲǺܺѽù㿴ǮȫӦˣѾҪҲˣСҲҪûǮˡͭӵģ㿴
ϻ˵ֱǾԼǮӦˣ̯ҲӦһݣҪһ
Ҳ֪˵ʲôˣóȻĻȥŮ˹Ҫֵòɿô˵ҲӦϵɩӣͬĻе˵ڡ
һϵĻӦϴе뷨ǺϲıϡӦϽǵǮϺӣܵ÷ֵһôС
Сҿ˿ˣ˵:ұʹŴһɵģȹҰӴ˾¡
ʹȥŪһӣСС̯ʵǲˣҪһҴӣҪ֣ӦѾУɢͽǲģĸõѡ
Ϣ־ϲû뵽СҾȻͬ⽫ôõ׬Ǯһ⵹֮⡣ϸϽźӦ϶˵Ϣ
Сָ˵Ӧϻе飬Ӧϵǵ˵:Ǽﻹʳ𣿡


38 ̯λ
֪˿ھͶ࣬һмóģӦֻˣһԷһͶϼôӻôѽ
С֪ڵʲôϵʱ˳ԣȻСҽô棬ǽʱղ㿴˶ܾ档
ԭ̾ĺϳ˽С棬ҲǷˣӦòʱ׬ǮҲʲôˡֻǶСңӦЩƷú塣
СҾͿʼĸ棬ӷ浽棬ٵ棬ÿһϸڽСҶ̸ǡкУЩô֪׵ľǲ׽䷽׽С
ˮƵģҲкҪһ֡һ㣬ֻӦ֪Ӷ֪ÿεˮǼ򵥵ˮǰõȻζӦ֪һ㣬Ҳû˵ʲô
ˮһ㣬СҾû⼸ĸ˵ֻǸҪʱṩ֪䷽ҪɣҲֻ棬ζͨ졣
֮ſڽһˣ˲ţӦ½
½һСңͼӿ첽ߵСǰҲ˼ɽСôС䣬һѹȥڵ:ҴӹŹش˶ˣպҪ½ĳ
Сû뵽˵͹æ˷ִˣܲ˵½Ÿոɫܲһŵ˹š
СЦЦ:ʲôæ𣿡
½㶣صص˵ͷǸˣҲǴмСҵģֻҪõȥʲôԡ
Ҫҵ̯λҲ𣿡СʵͿǸλε̯λˣ̯λĴ󣬶ʵģÿ紵ɹذΰʡλüãÿյ϶֮ǰҪϼκ֮ǰûӣ˷ǵȫѹ
½û뵽СֻҪһ̯λѣæͷӦ:˿ʲôֻã½ĳڿҵɲСС̯λܹġ
С˼صͷȻԷѾͬˣҲ¡Ȼ̯λȻҲȥģ½ãȹʱӿԣˣͻ𸶸½Ϊ»Ƴ˰죬ʵû취һ͵ļ۸ӦСҡ
̯λ飬ղŽ̻ĸ棬ҲΪ£ͽӼ˾½̯λ棬֮ĸȥԱߵĴ
и½˺üĽⶾҩȻţؽҡ·ϣ½̲ס١ϣҲ½Ůˡ
Ǹ˷ĹѸðôķȡŸӣû뵽ȻҶȥ֮󣬿϶ⶾù
С֪Ѿŭ½ˣ½ϪЩͨˣҪö࣬ʱҲ̲סرֿڣѾ١ǧ˰ɡ
С֮ǰǸ١ǣУ½֪飬Ȼǵñ߲ɡ룬ʱǲҪ¸ˣʱƲסԼ١ʲôʱԿĻԼ
ӦģȾȻҪõֶرСҵ˵Ȱ½ҪʲôΥɷ飬ʵķ˺ľԼ
½ƽƽеŭ𣬵˵ͷ˵:ġ
Ӽţ½͵½ңصеʱѾˡҴҳ˼ЩĵضӦ˵:̯λѾˡϾ˹̶̯λǾͲôһѵΰȥ̯ģֱӰѶС
ӦȻΪϲŽСССȴҪΪôģۡǺȻ뵽ʲôʽСҵ:ôô
˵:;һ飬ȥ˺żңﵢ˺ܾá
Ӧһв:飿ʲô£æĿͶСңƺõ𰸡
СЦЦ˵:İɣûϵǻ;һˣǾȥѼ￴Уǵ̯λǶ㶨ġ
ûʲô£Ӧϲ𽥰̯λ㶨ˣǵĴǰҲͲԶˣ˵֮ǰʮȫҲûпܡ
극Ӧˢ룬ܸػЩСǿġСҾͰ˸СˣһߺӦģһ˵ĸ顣


39 
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Ӧ룬ҲǲԣֻǼɩӲ֡ûӦ˵ſڽһˣɷ˵Сҡ
СһͷʹСҵ壬ȵСʹܲ˵ʱ򣬾ֻסԼ壬û뵽˽СҼ⡣
Сֻо䶼ȵ죬һƽȥ˳ƾС˼ţʱСҲſ˭Ϻһֱſڣ˽С˵ʲôŭ
ӦϼϺͶԽСȭߣסֻʹסϺ֣ƴؽнСҿܡ
Сҿ˳ȥСͽС󿴼Լ⸱ģһһȥҽӣһŽСҳȥˡ
˴Լһٲľ룬СҾײһˣһȻżһΣӡȴ̵ͦġ
Сҿȥ˺ѷεؿ˳Сû۸û뵽Խ֮ͷͰһ٣ʵûˣ
ԭ·ɢɢģȴһ׵СһԼϣȻû˭źӿ޵æο
ʱСҲ滹ŽӽϺһˡƣȻ˿еĺӣӦþǽСˡǿʵ:ô£
ŵˣСºܶ඼棬һȻҲˡСҵĿΧֵּ˹ΧΧôˣҼ֪˵ʲôá
ʱ򣬻ǽӿ˵˻:ѾͷڼﵷˣԲŽһ¡Ϊ˽ҵӣֻô˵ˣȻһǾȻһСϽҪɨˡ
һûɫ˵:ӽŰѺӴñ׵ģʲôģˣ
ӼĬĬѵǣ˵һ졣Ժ󣬽СҲĻһھͰѽϺͽŵó亹
ҪȾСңСҪ󲮴ˡСҴſǻ˵һ
ԭҪŹϺͽ˵ģֻǽѵһ²ĺӶѣҲʲô¡һСҵĻ鲢ûн˵ô򵥣ɫ࣬ȴ͵ضԽС˵:Сңңʲô
Ҹոڳˣ˵ҪѼҵľĸ棬û˵꣬󲮾ͳң㱻Сҿ޵СٷСҴԽ֮ǰһô׿޵ˣǱɺ֮󣬺׾ܿ޳
˽СҵĻɫĿתϺͽӣûͼСһѪ˳ЩŪ·ϣȫûЩֻǱŽСҵС壬ʵ:ӣ㻹ðɣ
ӦʱҲƴسŽСҿ:ӣɱģʱ˻˵˭ŮСҪʲộҸ㽪û꣡˵꣬ǺӤһŽСҺš
ʱΧֵ˶Ѿ鲢һʼģС˵Ķġ
⽪˸ɵ£治˸ɵģ뵽˶ҡҡͷ̾һСôõĺӣżһ棬ȴôԴǿ򽪼˵ĿԵ͸¶űģҲú⽪û˻ôΣ
Ӧϻ˵ʲôͶȥһ񣬾ͰӦϸסˣֻܱŽСҿ
鷢ֵòҲ֪ô£һ˹ԹԵػԼˣһĶԺߵĶ
ô˵ˣŽϺ˵ͱȽϺҪʲôϺֻĬĬš
ӸʲôҪôŰϺ˵ƺиƣеĹôŵذ壬޲øϼһһһҲǳԣϴˮ¹ȥûһ£ôԽСң֪Сڽҵжѹ
ѵ꽪ϺͽӣϾСһأֻסȥСҴؼңȻСˮ˷󱻴׵ϻкܶĻϵ˿ڣиһһҩֿ˼ҩ
ʱ򣬽ϺҲûڷţԼķȥˣԹ̫³çڽСҾһҡǮǼôӣνϺľٶǵ˽СңȷСһ᲻ٸһ档


40 
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ӵͷһվڴߣһ仰˵Ҳûһ¡ڽСҿһʧˡԭΪˣû뵽ʱֻӺνĴ硣
ߵʱ򣬽һ˳ȥСҲ֪˵ʲôֻ֪ӻʱ򣬸ӲҿСˡ
ֻн֪˵ʲôһںӣ統̺ӵסʱ򲻰Լ޶ȴΪѡΪ
ֻ˵һ仰:ǸˣΪڷģʲôҪҹﺮġ˵꣬ˣҵˣ˼죬ܣҲܲ
һˣ׿һµ࣬ᱻԻĻǺõġ
ȻǱǾ仰˵סˣȷУĵȷȷûŹСңҲΪŲܡ
Ҳû˼ͻԼˡùܽô룬ΧڽСҵôСҿһ£Ĵˣ˵:ոµѪҧͲųģǲҪˡ
ʲôСŽСҵĻһô˵СΪʹͬ飬Źôģ漴ССҵȻȷˣƺ׵øӴˡȻѪǼٵģЩ˿ɶģžۡ
ԺɲˡСΪ˵˺Լ顣
СŸĹģӿһůȻԽᱻ򣬵ô˹ԼҲ֪㡣
϶Сұֵõ˺ҹ˯ţӦϺӲҪŽСңСҸ˻ȥԭͽСһ˯ĽѾҲڣǱ쵽Ƿȥˡ
ڶ죬Сһֱ˯緹˳̲ͨˣͳʣµ㡣ҲԼǰǽϺǼǷģһ߳ԣСһ߰иӦϡСͽС󣬼˳Եú㡣
ѾͽС۹ؿţȴֲӣΣ϶ˡ
˷СҶҪŽһȥ̯ӿŽСҵ˵ĻڼϢϢ̯˵
Сҡҡͷܾ˽ӵĺ⣬ǵ̯飬ֻҪȥһ½ΪԼҵ̯ҪĻСҲûҪġ
Ժ⽪СҲ½Ѿӭɫ֮ǰѾ̫ˣɫҲ˲١
½Сҿǡǡ෴û뵽һҹСҾȻ⸱ģˣ׵ģæ˵:ˣôˣû°ɣ
СҡҡͷֻҪˣ̫ףû˵ģֻһЩ½֮ԭ½֮١ϻûл½ͽƾͼƵڴװһֱղ١ϳţڼû¶
Се˵ͷͰ½˵ģƾͼơ
С֪١һͳˣ½϶ûгԹҪһ波
½Ҳȷʵûг緹ϴζӡʵ̫ãһԣæͷ۹ⲻƳĹѾ˽ӣ½̯λѾСˣҲǵĵһι̶̯λĿţһдӼֻǸÿһͭ塣
ڸ½ʱϴεһΰ̯ʱƦ˹
СҽĿͶӣô˵ҲһСˣ˵ӮֲӦǿԵġ
СĿ䱸ضˣһԵ½Ҳ˲ԾڽСҵǰ˵:λ𣿡
ƦһǰĲӣȫû£һƿȻֶͭ壬˵һ:ݵģ
½ʱҲվˣߵǰ˵:̯λҵģҲģλĪ£
Ƴ½һۣһĲмȻ󿪿˵:ӾµģҵҪζܺõȥһᣬóԣҶ˾ͷŹǣǲóԣǾͱҶ˲ˣ
Сû취ֻ˹ȥԼĵģ¾û¡
˲ųһڣɫͱ˱䣬Ҫ˵Ǿʲôģֻǡ


41 
뵽˿һ˦ڳһµģ:ʲô߾Ȼгӣǵôģ˵꣬һĭ
Сҿ˿ֻһֻССĲӬƣӬӦԼŽȥģֻбմͣƯϣͷܿʱѾԿ϶һµġֻ֪Լ˼ˣҪץš
Ҳ˵ʲôˣ˼ʹ˵ҲǽͨġֻǵĿģưոݡ
ʲôСֱʵʱҲڷӦ˹ŰѲ˵˽Сҵǰ˵ֻԷģûò˵
ȻƦһסһЦȻһ˵:ӣүӣҾͷŹǡȻҾҵС꣡
ӡСҵһʨӴ󿪿ڰ˵ûУУҲȥǵѪǮģ
˴۵СۣΣƦòǮһԵĵӣ֮гȣȻŽСҵ̯ӵΰȥûöãΰʾͱϡˡ
Сûע⵽ǵ̶һ¥һƵؿⳡ־ķŽСüǳӣýζ
ȻֳŽС˹˵ǳ󣬲½סġϺһҲû취ֵ˵ĹеĲ˵Ҳͬ裬Ͼûе˼Ҷ֣Ҫ˼и̣ҲԲ˶ߡ
ԣֻܻŽСԶԼ̯ܿ죬еĹư趼ˣرǼֻ룬ȫڡƹƹҡлΪƬ
Уһ̵ͳŽСҵķ˹ȥҲֻ⻹ƦνСһɲǻģӦһƬ̵Ѿĸǰˡ
ҲǺؿһ㣬ôһƬͷɹȥֻϹӲſɡܸܵɢźܸߵ¶ȣϣҲѲƤҲûע⵽ȻͱúܽţеȭͷԾ
Сҿһ;Զֱӳɹģһֱ:ˣòһŹѲɾҪ𣿡
ͬһʱ̣Сһܿͣе壬һֲƫеĲϣһڽӵĴȴʣµĵ˵ϡ
ӺôпȥһֵǽСҾûôˣ˵ĲӺʹʹǺϣһƬͺ˺üˮݡ
СҺ˼룬Ȼƴس嵽һװˮͰԱߣϵĲλˮͻӰϵϸֻ֮ڲϽ²ܱˡ
ʱ˿̣ƦҲȻΧ״ѾҵòˣȥҪˣѾˣٵ˳̯
¥ӴʱҲǷɿس˳һѽСҴˮﳶ˳ȴСҿ˭Ժ󣬶ݺݵسŶԷ:㣿˵꣬һӽˮС
Ǻأû뵽СһԼСҲһӽСнһ˿񡣿ƫƫϾһΣ顣
ؿŽСȫʪ͸һԵĽһѽס˵:СұȽأүͲҪˡ
һ££û˵˾Ҫˮｵ¡ΪԭˣȥˮһݣǶ˲Ȼǲ֪Щӻᶮġ
Լ֮󣬽СڳˣϵĺȻڣǼˮݴĿģֻǿΪСˮɢȵԵʣûнһӾ磬ֻЩ˲֪Ҫˣǰһܵ˻ûأû뵽˼Ӿˡ
ؿСѾˣҵشëݸСңɲɡеʵ:ôû£
Сûأֻšϵ·˲Ȼתؿڵ:⣿
ͷ΢΢صȥ£ԭֻʲôСҵע⣬Ծ˹ңһԿϷû뵽һﲻ̯ˣѽСҸˣƺҲϴˡ
΢΢˼£ȻСһţ:У۾ĶȥˣС˱һ򣬷ɿȥˡ


42 Ϲ
Сû˵ʲôʵϣ㽪С˵ʲôʲôҲֻԹԵţǽСʲôû˵ˣֻǺظоСӸܡ
ĬĬԣֻнĬĬشǶ߰Ķ߼һЩ޻õĶڶСڣǲ
ܿС˾һˣ˵Ǹ˿Сҵˣһ£Ȼû뵽СôãǴˣ˵ġ
̾һи˸࣬Ȼֿ˿Сұˣȷûʲô󰭣ֻҪúţ˼ҩȻҪ뿪
ȵȡСƳ½ֿ١ڻ·ϣæסУ١ϵָ½жˣʲôķӦ
١һؼңһȺԼҵΧţˣϻһƬǽ壬:˭ɵģǶӸʲôġ
СҶ½ʹһɫ½ᣬãȻ嵽١ϵǰ˵:սҵң˵ҪҼҵӣҾŷ⸱ģһҲӣҾ˳ȥˡûһž¡
١Ϸһۣ˵:ʲôңҲʶҲ⣬ϽذѶʰɾˣҼҡ
½ͽСҶһۣ˵:ӣǴӦÿӣֻҪǵӣ㻹ǴӦ˰ɡӣɲʲôСĿ˼һҲ治ô࣬û뵽ҵôССӣȻôõ顣
١ϵתתƺĶˣȻߵСǰһ˵:СãôǱģ˭ɵģǸղŵδһȫӰݼķӡ
СҲ¶һӸеı˵:û£Ѿҿˡʱ½ٲϵؿСҰڳһģȻ½˵:½磬㿴رãҪ˳иҲɣ
½ȵ˵ͷоҪȥʱ١ϼˣ:У
һ㶣½ģһܲˣٲɾѰѽ
˶Ŀ⿴١ϣ١ϴʱ˿Ҳһ˿Ļţڵ:Ĳһֱһտӹҽһ֮ͨǰԭô죿
˵Ҳˡӹҽ֣ǲ꣬еˣȻľˮô׾ͱš
п˿½˵:Ĳǻ˺ܾˣûоƣǲ̫ðɣȸܲܿʲôǷҪҩǾɡ
˵꣬оҪ½١ʱУЩô£ϲǰɣ˵ﲻҪУҼңٴҾ˺ÿ
СҼҲû뵽١ϻֱӲ½Уļƻû취ʵˡ
СҪ̧ųţû뵽١æס˽Сң˵:Сðǲ˵ҪҼҵһֱûôùͱǣˡ
СҵЦŵͷʰƨɣҡͷ̾뿪ˡ
СҽشߣҵľʵǲʺʱʲôӣǵļƻͰ׷ѹˡȻʮֵĲ⣬ֲܲģֻ㬵ˡ
һʰСҿԼĻᣬ١Ͽڵ:½ܲãҪҪȥа
١˳ƿڵ:һҪģǲǸղŵһ֮ǰҹ²ǮҲߵġ
ƺ޷죬Сҿ֪ʵˣȻ١Ϲ
½ȵԽԽأСҿڵ:½ɩӣҪھȥй½翴ɣ㿴ڶذ
١ϱСұƵû취ֲܷÿӣЩӼ֮ǰһЩƽӦÿԹñǰˡ
ûã١һٴλˣϴνСҼǸСĵ:ٴϹˣ
йҲʲôУ˵:ⲡҲʲô󲡣ֻҪõȻȬˣҲҪµҩֻҪԭľС˵꣬١϶һۡ
СҼ˵飬١ӦѾ˵ˣҲʲô˵ʲô˵һСһģҲƲʲôˡ
ʱ򣬽С˸ھͺͽӳˣӲ֪ǵڸʲôǽСҵĽϽЩ̯Ķֻܸȥ


43 ·
½Ҳװǰһ겡֮ҡŲҪش˯١Ͽ½ģҲǰһѣеһ֣˿ĥ
١Ͽ½ѾϴϢˣһۣоͽһ䷿ΪЧͦģ½ʲôˣҲκβ
ðɣ΢һ˿ɳٵģŶûأһǸӻ˶಻ã½û˯ء
أŴ̼١ν˵˫ֲе壬ϵζҲԵߵĹʲôҹ
飡һűߵʱ١Ϻ˵ʱϼһ˿ҡ˶һµؿſڣվһˡ½
ʱ½ȫû֮ǰǸӵģѾˣʱ֮ǰֱ
Աߵ١ϺǲֱǷζҪըˣʵ̲סҲȽСһֱӾˡ
½ҧгݵ˵ˣʱ˿̣ûһʿԱ飬ԭΪҪϺӵģû뵽ԼôεŮ˷Լʹǧˡ
١Ϻмʱԣܹô޼ɵɾǼ½֪£Ҳûʲôڵ½ƺһ硣
˴ҴҰ·ϣȻҪȥƷ½ֻҪ֣ǵͲ¶
˲Ÿոտһ½͹ϵذһأȻԼͱߣôô޼¡
˲ãСҾֻص½ң͸ոС֮ǰֻǽҪȥѣȽסæȻȥң˹
ص½ҵʱ򣬿һһŭ½ѾŤˣɫҲġ
½ŵŴ򿪣ûѣͿһվŵĽӺиղŵС
١ˣԼҪˣӲԼͨͲᱻ̣½¶ڵ½϶Ѿ嶾ˡ
½ߺüˣǱֻһһŮеĻûжĹھԵ֮£ֲʲôôģҲûôͱץˡ
½ǸģСֻܿ㣬Сҿó½١ĵģĵĸûеõĵĻرԼôݶ֣ѹ
ȥţͨѳҲ֤ж飬١ڸ֤в֮£Ҳֻգ١ͨ飬йı¶½Զ̡
ѾǺصĳͷˣһȵ̷רΪһЩʮģöûùˡ
СΪˣػؼˣԹ˲ϾҲûĹȥ½ˡ
ʱ֣ӲŴŻ߽СĽ¶Ʊж񱨣١϶Ӧá
ֻǵ̯ңеĶˣ൱»ص֮ǰһеʱˡ
һԼ̯ûˣ棬͵ðеƷˣһ߿һСǸǻ˺ǸͽӣüӶѡ
Сֱӵϣʼ磬ඣû£ÿζǸҵ˸ϣùǸϴˮˣʲô
ԹС˽Сҵķ䣬СһˣСüͷ壬ŶòСôְԼŪˡ
ŽСҲϵļˮݣȻ˽ѧʱ򣬺شһȺסԼȥ·ԭΪ鷳ģԼҲûʲôذ
ڽСҲ벻׵ʱ򣬺ؿҸƿҩ˵һƿˣһƿȥ̡ʼСԣ֪غ«ʲôҩͺؼûжƹô͸ƿҩˣ
ϺҲû˵ΪʲôȻ֣ҲֻǽŽԼĲûҵ֪ǽСˡ
ǺظɵģСʵ
С̧ͷԵ΢Ծؿֻ˵£û˵ƦǺָʹģǽСô֪أ
ССҵı飬Цһ£Լİ﷭˺ظƿҩ֪ҩôʲôˡ
Сҽ˹ȥС˵:ǺظҵģڿǸõģΪʲôԼ㣬Ǹң
СҵһΪ飬ûԲżӵذѶ͸ģСҩƿеĻСһ㡣


44 ˵סѾ
СҲΪڼԭΪ½ҲţӲᱻˡӦ϶ڽСȫûһõĵطգһýϺû취ûԸأֻܸš
Ϊ̯٣ֻϼаͬĶһ飬֮ǰֺܶ붼ǴھӼҽģЩǮԴԼһЩ룬һ֮ǰĻ˼ҡ
ΰ֮ģŻһӺŵӿʹãֻˡ
ӦϺ˵С˺صˣһӶԼŮͦأҲԼŮҲܿأһСϵ˿ǽϺģɫһ䣬ֻ޵ԼŮ޸Ĺεһҡ
׷Χ鿴Сҵơôص˿ڣһŲ˼϶ΪСˣۣǿ˿ڸоۡ
˴ô˶ˣСҲ֪ǲΪ˿ԼҲǹŪˮģǱѾ׼͵ˮͿԿ̯ˡ
Сڳﵷһ磬ڼֻӦϽȥæ˶ȥóһɫķĩĩ֮ǰռĥģĥôϸͨ˶ĳɷʲôֻҪﰾƣͿƵˡ
˶ôˣԵñƽʱӳĬСҵʱԵֹ
СҾֻ֣ʽǲǳʲô£̾һ˵:󲮴һЩǮ
Сһʼüֲ֣ϸһ룬ֻĿӲ飬Ǳʵ:˶٣
ϺЩ֧֧ؿڵ:ȥǮʣµȫˡǰҲģѾӦϵˣϺٶԹ֣Ŀŵز˽Ǯ
ǵͷǮˣֻᱻ˵ӦϹǮҽҵ˶ˣּҳ̵飬˵ȥҲЩˡ
С㣬֮ǰ˽ϺҲͻһңϺһ˶ӳȥȫҺüµĳʳ
СҵƳһ۽ӣôĸӣƫƫǿڸɣһ˺ȥŽϺǴҳһ¡
Ӧ˽˵ĻҲһߵӣһӦϵɫͱˡҪ˵üʮͭж⣬ϾССɻеġһô࣬սȨҼǮǽС취׬ģôôӻ
ʱɽϺˣﻹһƣһǳȥңһ£Ӧϰǰʵ:أ
Ϻ֮ǰͺ˲٣ʱҲһνģڵ:۽ôܼ꣬ңò˵ǮѲһˣܵóТТ𣿡
ĳָֻǽӵĳ֣ģȻǵǮ
ӦϺǮţǽϺȻǮһΪԼ˸˼ˡ
СһסӦϣһڣҲȻῪڣʱһੲݵսӦڻгڣ̫ԽСҲסġ
ôţܵҪӿɲСĿ˵þã
ʱ򣬺Ͽˣһ仰Ӧϲ£ӦһԼﶼԼˣæؽһ:
Ӧϵ֣Ȼ˵:Ҫ˵ɩ֮ǰǮʱѲй㻨𣿵ô㣬Ҫôرǣһ굽ͷ˼ǮǾͻȥ
ϵĻл˵Ӧϲ£ʵ˵Ϻ֮ǰӦϣ˵ˣǻǷĻȥ֮ʱˣɫһһ׵ģҲ֪ʲô
ӦźϵŷΪʲôʱ˵ȥء
ʱҲ˵:˵ɩӣҿҴѾҲ˳ɻʱˣʱ䰡Ƽһ˼ңСȻ˲ǺܾǼǮǽѾ޸±ӹʳˡ
Ϸһۣ֪˵ǸɵӣʮˣΪ̫ɵȢϱԼҴѾʮһ꣬ôܼ޸һԵֵˣǸɵӡңʮ˵ĹȻܶ࣬ҴѾأô˵¸
в⣬ϲֳܱСʱҲڵ:ǮҹţǾͷİɣԺѾˣǲģۼһǷôӣǻǰǮóɡ
Ϻǲ뽫Ǯµƹ⣬Ҫȥ


45 ̯
ʱӦϵѾĥˣȿĿ:ӦðѾҲСˣСӼҲһֱڴʵĹ˵ǲʮأʲôʱҸú˵˵ô
ӦҲȺ˺«ﵽʲôҩˣ΢ЦŲ˵
˿ɾͲⷬģˣѾɲӦϵŮӦһˣΪʮӣİѽѾ޸ǸɵӣСʧ˽Ѿһӵġ
ʱҲǿӲˣͱͱϺĸ첲ѽϺʣµĶ˹ŵӦϵǻýѾ˵£޷ǾΪӣû취ֻܻӦϲܶסЩ˵졣
ϼǮѾӦ΢΢˵ͷӦϺúùܼңú̥ʹһ˺ƺƵȥˡӦǳôҲȰסǵûȥ̽һǵʲôġ
ϿӦô˳ۣЩûȣôͱҪ˻ȥʵ࿴ᣬſһֻµûŵϾҪ׼ֻɱ˸СҲ塣
Ӧϼһֱ׷żȥ˵:ڸɶأҲӦһۣڻص:ҪץֻС֡ݸ첲ȵģûк壬ôúѧϰ
Ӧߵſڣһֱڵ:Ǹģˣ⼦СҲõģ⼸ǱǴ˵ģС˶ôܵסŶǳԾ˿ͷ
һӦϵĻڵ:ôУ֮ǰСҲѾԹһ𣿲УεļҼСģ˭Ҳ
ӦҲһӣֻ˲飬õѧ˲٣Ϳڵ:⼦ҼСҵģҪϲ׽Ͱ׽ˣ˳ٰɱˣҪСء
⻰׽ɣǸӦϰ״򹤣׽ɣ⼦ɾĹӦˣ룬׽ˣʱֱȥСǶСŪһЩȥˡ
ֻǻصȥǾзƣߵӦǰһͨƢȻֽţ˵ǲԷˡ
ǵȵԷʱƵת˳һܼеλӡӦϿϷ˸ۣҲûж˵ʲô
СҾȥˣ˳Ҳһȶӣͼˣˣ׬ǮҲͶˣﻹûкңûôӸҡ
ڽȥ棬ϵ˱㶼Բˣֻżȥʱ򣬲һ
ûʱ򣬾˿ʼԹ̫򲻴󣬼ϽСҵ漸ӵ˶֪˵ģԶʼΪ̯򱧲ƽˡ
ȻҴң˽¶ڱԹ˵ˡСЩЩЦĺأΪʸ֮ˡ
Сҵ̯Ѿÿ춼ڼתתƣ˳Сҡһü춼ûпСҵӰӣһʼΪֻˣҲûȥ
ʱ䳤ˣ˵СңӶûмСһ֪Ѿᵽȥˡ
·˵ԭô˵:˵ǸСﰡ˰ˣǸҵү̫˼ҹ鷳棬ζ㣬ϧ
õҪ˸һ٣סˣ⽪СҰߵԭѲΪԼ
ֻһܣû뵽Լ˺СңҲû뵽Сһ˶ԶԶģԶԶؿŽСҶˡС죬Թ޵񣬺ؾ͸оܣԺ󣬺زףʱԼԽСҵĸоѾӺøΪϲˡ
ǺһΰԵҵ˽С˵:а취Ұ̯𣿡оȻһ˿Ŀ
СϺص֪صĿģΪãΪһѾܶˣŲءʵ:Ϊʲô̯
һƽ˵ԼϽС˵ôȻǽղ֪ΪʲôȻһ˿ؾִ٣ΪΪ氡㳶һ
СΪ:һ
ƺС룬æ˵:İɣٲ鷳ˡ
СһЦ֪һǲˣʲôϷǿģӦòϷŪСسŻؼҵ·ˣֻ˻ӣ˵:ҿǿǡ
ؿŽСıӰѾһһٱˣȻǰװү


46 ѧ
ŲǸһ¡ķݶϣԭˡ
صҵĽСֱӳŽСҵķ˹ȥֽСʰСæк:磬ôͻˣ
С˵ͷؽס飬ʵ:Сңúô
Сһ£Ȼû뵽СͻȻ룬:һСģһҹӲҲĵطˣıԻǺõģֻЩô˷ѡ
С˵ͷԼĶԺصʶҪҪǸæѾ˾
Էʱ֣СڷϿڣ:̯ôӦ룬:У׬ǮǱȽףֻԶÿĲ㡣ĸǱͦÿ̯ţߵ㡣
⻰Ǹպ˳˽С⣬ǿ˵:Ҳ̫ԶҪǻɣһӣҸĵģôǮ
Ӧһ㶣û뵽Сô˵Цҡҡͷ:ֲǲ֪ǺҵүĵҪǶŸɣҲﲻȫģ
Сû뵽СǲҪԭǵܰ
ѧʱˡС˵ȻӦ˽С˼ӦеˣЩżʵ:û鷳
СҡҡͷһκصǿͿؾصģ˵̯鷳ˣϣǰ̯˵ϣǰΪ棬򲻵
ӦϼЩԼĶ䣬Զӵܣ˵ֻһ˵˵ʱԼѾеĶ׼ã˼ҹָˡ
ʱӦϽĿתСң޷ֱ˵ĵǼ٣ֻС΢΢һüѹֽСһž͸صƷȻԺزǺ˽⣬ӦҲ׼֮ˣǻص:ɣӦҲֱ֮ˣȻͲֻͷʮˡ
Ӧ̾һ룬˽СҵĻ룬;ˡϾÿ컹δҪ׼棬ÿǺ˯ġ
Һô壬Լɨصػ֮ǰӦûúÿһº
̯¾ôˣԹɫǺСұ㿴ӦˣӽСȥӦҵģӦϺѾʼˣСΪѧͽȻһʼȱϯ
СһʱͼСʰԭȻΪǽʱһ£ԭҪȥӦˡ
ٴμһԼĶǲǴȫˣСұ˸ӦϺúչԼͶıǾ͸ӦӦҡ
Ӧһˣʲô¶ƵģʹԽţﵽͷȥˣһ·Ҳû˵ʲôһʼСһ˾˼⣬˵֮Ҳûлˡ
һ·ԵصӦңʱɫѾȫֻӦһ˶ſڵţСûôģӦϺǿġ
ӦңһҪŵԼСѣӦϺͺϱýСҺԭһӦҵŮǼ
ǽСҿɲôΪ⼸ƺӵԸ·ȻҲǸӣȺ˽ദЩҲһ뷨
үԺҾҪﳣסˣֻҪʰһСС˵֪һ㣬ҪǼСˡ
ӦϺСô˵ҲǶҪһķ䣬Ǽ˿ô࣬еķ䶼ôģʲôʰ
˼ȥֻܽӦСķһΪһ鲼Ѷ˸ˡ
˵ԺҪסˣʰһУСפӦСķ䣬ӦϺһΪΪˣӦСһͨƢӦϺѹˡ
ڶ죬СҾͿʼӦϺѧˣÿһҪϸϸؽģԵһѧ:ѾݺõŴ졣һ죬ѧĶ췽Ҳ򵥵һ־ƣŴһҪ죬͸ôãǽСҪѧϰݡ
ڽСҽζظӦϺѧƵʱӦС͵ųȥˣһȺСժ˲ɣػ
СһʼΪԼۻˣϸ˿ɣأӦСȥɣص
ӦСһĲԸ⣬˵Сܻأܸ߱ˣȻ˰ǵɣضժˣǾûóˡ


47 ʫ
С̾һɹʮͭƭסӦС壬Լȥɣĵط
жɣأɣؿƣѧƣ¶֣ӦСʹɽתϰ죬ڵ£ŷԼӦСˡ
ϵɣѾժòˣֻʣһϡϡعĶˣժʣġô㣬춼Ƶġ
㣡û㲻˵ӣСôӵۣȴӦС˽СһȾ͸˵ʮͭˡ
Сҵʮͭ壬ΪӦСȻƭһˣ׸һӦСɱɽıӰСֱţֲӦСôţ룬ֻա
⵹Ǹ˸ˣӦ⼸СòҲǳصģַ˱
СֵתתƳɽĵ:ߵɽˣɴɽûʲôҰ˵ͻЩʲôջء
ûӦСˣһֱȻ֪ɽϵ·Ӧò·ģ̧ɽȥɽϵķ羰ܲľֱͦͦģҿ¡
ɽϴҰѵһЩ룬żܿҰ٣˵ɽֶӦúܶ࣬һСС̵ѣԼԭȵļƻ׼ˡ
֪˺ܾãڽСһ׼۷ؼҵʱֿһŴԶ죬֮Сʮֻϲһɣ͸˵ɣء
ѾղǿɣԶˣ˼ӦСҲû㹻ĵôԶҲ֪ɣû˲ժ
СóȾ׼õӣõȥ֦ѾɿϡȻժһӵɣأʹʹسԹ˲׼ɽ
Ͻ˺ܶ࣬ȫСҲɺüΣֻôֻܲһ֣ʣԺ˵
ɽ֮ǰСҲ˺ܶĴҶסЩɣأӦӣҪǱƼˣһӾͱõüˣ͸ûа취ˡ
˵˵ӣСҲϸǳԣҪǳˣʱٰҵǿҳòʧ
ڵػصӦңڸöȥˣøɻĸɻȥˣӦСӦСҲܳȥǵСˣȥˡСҽɣᵽӦϺרƵķ䣬һǲȥģӦϺӭ˵ȣɣطǾԵİȫġ
ӦϺһ㶼ǰƣһ㶼ũģֻнСһˡСóӦϺƵ̳ӣϴ˼ְ֮ɣظϴˣȻɡ
軨˽СҲʱ䣬ΪɣرƤкܶļ棬Ϊ˲Ӱ֮ƣҪϴ飬֮ҪɣȻߵˮҲԹӰ졣
֮Ҫɣظ飬ȻԽԽãŸӵӪȻǼǼӽĸҺˣ̳
Ĺ֮󣬽Сʰһ¶׼ȥпѾ˵һ֮ĲҪܿʼ
СԼ̯˵ͦģӦҲæˣСңԵʮֿġСλϵǮôǮԼڴСҲԽԽˡ
ûע⵽ǣڽֽǵλãڽζؿŽСңŽСǮģԡ
ԶһҲׯſڣվһλճŵĹŵѾͷﱧźüš
үʫ˺ؾ͵͵վڽֽǣæӭȥ
ҵС㣬ҲĴ˼ҡպͺضײãνŵԣ˵þӵġ
綼ѾףٲҲˣһˣˣүֻܸ׹տʼǾܾģκκҵү̬̫ǿӲʫûͦԣüоȻһ˿СҵϣҾͬˡ
ˣֻǺүһֱߣʤ䷳ŴӦģֻǶףֲǽ飬ƻҪüأֻҪúүӲǿǿͬˡ
ֻǵͷһ˲䣬˽Сңĵ:СҰСңҶԲסˣģһҾͰˡ
ʱǰֵʫظоͷˣʫȻҲֹׯʶþˣͱúճˣĺүӻ
ǿسǰʫ˾к:ɰȻעֲˡ
ʫźص۾ĿǱߵһСŮϣ̳Ӵ򷭣˵ˣؾϷһŮӣ͹ҩĵһ:ˣ


48 һ
صȻûˣƵõǮĽСҸܵ˺üϣ˳ŸоֽǣһһŮվţ滹żѾͷСˡ
ؿСҿԼæӰԼסȻҲʫкתˡ
СֱЦΪסͲ֪˭ϪҲֻкôˣźߵŮСҸ̾:ȻвŮòŵԣ˾ǿס
֮ǰ˵ҪȢȻҲû棬Ǻô»˵ȻǸĶˡ
˼ȥСҾȻԼһ˿į˿įܿ챻ǰͭɨˡԺ£˵Լڵľʱûмһ£ܾʫףҲںʫһͬڽСҵǰ
̯һֱ˾ͶǳģСҿɫؽסţ߱ȽϽ͸ϴкˣҲ֪ˡ
ؼҵ·ϣСʽСѧʲôСЦЦС˵:ɣصĹƣ˸ǺŶ
СϲصͷȻֲʵ:ƣӴû˵־ƣҲûү˵
Сҽ͵:ƾˮľƣ˲ˣζüˣСҲǿԺȵġӦûûйƣСسﻹûֶֹӦһߡ
뵽СҲЩôʱûеģ᲻ʷأ
ȻǷ񶨵ģʷЩΰķȣֱǲʮǧҾʷСҲԸ⣬ڸıʷȻ֪ʲôֻҪСˡ
뵽Сڷ磬ҵľƹӦûϲĹƣЩǮ˼ҵϲڷڴЩġˮĹƣͿȥڷˡ
ʱ֣СҰӦһ˵һӵ˶ֻͬϺͽϺ˵ʲôֻʲôƣǶԾȫûȤҲû׷ȥ֪ƵĴڣҪʲôˡ
¿ͷѣҪģԴԴϵԭϣûʲôƣϴθӦСײҵһôɣڽҲţֻȥЩطɣ
С󿴽Сɽܣ֪Ǻܸ˵ŽСҳţ֪üôɣֻ˵ֶԶ˻ӣֲû죬һֱôԡӦҺӶֲܾ࣬ԵСҵ㶹ƣּھֻɣسˡ
Сӳţʮֺ棬ҲӸȥÿ˶һӻϺôЩɫǲãⶫ˵õĶֻСԵģժô࣬ѼҲǻ
뵽Ϻ˽СϣӽСһž:㻨Ǯѧãôرǵģ֪Ĵȥ棬ҵ
Сԭݸ߸˵ģϺһеĺ鶼ƻˡ
ϺС˵ľͷһˣָŽСıӾ͵:ӣѧѧþ˷ǮʲˣŬѧɻ
СͷˣСҿŽСɥӡ˳·Ȼе½СԼԱʱԼѧˣʹˡ
ûУСҿСûӦֹֻϺͷ˵Ļ޿ˣһӱó˵ôˣݡҲ룬Լǰ컹Ŷӳȥһء
˾ͱ죬˭涨ѧþͲܳȥˣǮãܵģǰôô˵ǮȥˡСһûн꣬ˡžһ죬Сһû͸ֶһͮͮİӡ
ðС¿ӣʰǰɣ⻰ӦöԳ˵𣿱ΪǮҾʰǡϺݺݵؿ˵ꡣҪСһţǽСǰһסˣߵùǺ
СһûѽϺνϣûһؽˣǲõصģҲʲôݡŸڳԵġ
ϺȥܽСأԽСһȭͷʱӦ˳æ˽Сǰ棬ŽϺ:ң
ʵϣϺȷʵǸҵģӦôһ𣬵˼֣ͣ˴˵ĶʼӦ϶ܵ˵мֹ˼ӦϻУֻۣΪСĵӦϳʲô£Ӳùġ


49 ڣǼ鼴
ޣС¿ӣ֪ôϺһĭֽעתС:Ӹ㣬ҪǲѧûǮȥѧõɣ
ӦϲϺ۸κһӣͽϺȻѾ⣬ΪѾΪԼ˽Լĺ¹֣ӦȻжá
ӿԼָԼ糳һ΢ЩӦˣ֪ҪҳȰ˵ˡȻһֱڽӦϲҪ£˫һֱڻӦϵӡ
Сҵǿһ㣬ӦͷϣӾȻｪϺԼڽӵϺݺݵ˼ѣСҶΪӸеۡ
ΪСѧжùϴδ̨黹أӶ˵ˣ⺢ӲǶϣɣӦ˵ڣƤԽԽˣ仰ˡ
ڷǲô˵СҾͲ֪ˣֻСʱҲԼķˣһֱ͵Ӧ˵Ӷ˵ԼǶϣƽʱǲ̫
뵽ͻȻӦΪӵĻѧȻ󹩽С顣ҪǲҪΪִˣ룬С˵:ܵѧúģӾء
Сһ˵һߵϵԱߣ۹⿴ϣС˵:ѣǲҪ˺òá
ϼýС⸱ģýСĪί룬ŹӦϺͽСŽСݣϺ˶ˣԼҲû˼˼һۣҲˡ
֣Ϻһֱưոݵˣôֵֹģ
СҼСǵͷȥ֣ڰο:İɣǮ㡣㾡ܺúѧϰУ׬Ǯ׵ġ
С˽СҵĻίһѽСұڻȻԼûãҪԼԼѧ
ȻСҸᣬһúϧģͷأĲΪˡ
ԹӦϿʼ߻ȥˣҪСҼ˫ЬӣھӼҵʽƯȥѧѧ
ʱ򣬽ɴһˮˣҲϺʺãֱӱŽǶȥˡ죬һֱ꺮ů
СԶڷﲻһϵܵһӦûģڣǼ鼴
ȻԼǹ飬ԭǽȥڴ£ɾͿӦ棬˽ҡ
Ӧҵ˶֪ˣȴᣬˣߵſڵʱһ룬ӦϵƢӲǿûɶôǸú˵˵õ䷽ȥһˮ
˽⣬Ϊѡ䷽ǽСģûǲ⴫ģǲ⴫ĻϪڴҲҥˡ
ӦֲڼңСֶŲˣôô죿ֻίرԼ˼һ仰Ͱѽŭˣ:˼ǽҲҪǰɣӦҸʲôôôǣķӶǣ
ҲһɿǮ˺öˣӦһֱûн棬õߣֲܷԭΪֻнСҺӦϻ棬û뵽Ӧ˶ˣֻԼڹԶԽ֧֡
СߵԽԽ󣬽ĻҲԽ˵ԽԼǲԴǵϵʵǳŲסˣСҵ˳ȥ˵:ѧǰɣðӡ
üʵƾʲôΪʲôǽ̸Ӧҵˣȴ̸ҵˣҪӣ
Сҵһ׿ˮȻ:ӦһӣǶۣۡ
ƲƲ죬룬ͷ:ԣ
˵ܺˣѧˣ׬ӡ˵ˣҲһҪӽӦ
ûǮСҰѽС˹дһ־ݣǵýнǩֻѺ㲻̡
Ȼ֪ǩֻѺʲôԼǮʱСҿȥٸǵģҧҧͬˡ
֮󣬽СҾ׿ڽ棬棬棬ÿһ趼ؽ̸˽ֻǹˮһΣСֻǼ򵥵˵һ:ˮûи߽ҪƵˮġ
ЧܺãȽԼʱ򣬾ͻúͨûжĲ𡣵ʱ͹ֲýСˣֻҪСһҧǽղþˡ


50 ˼
ȻҲûע⵽ʲôǬ䷽ϲ޷԰Σһֱѧ꣬ҰѽС˲ѹ
ãɽ̸ˣɱǶӣŹùüҶӦеİɣ´μʱǵøŶСˢ˹֮󣬶ԳԱĽ˵
뵽ӣ̲ס۾תתһ齪Сõ㶹ƿڵ:ǵãȻǵã´ʱ͸Ǵ㶹ζʵڲҪҲһ̸˰ɣӽѧˣ׬ˣ潫ӸСҲۡ
СֱؿŽĵ:ȻˣƤˡ㶹ǲ̸κ˵ġ
ɲУ㶹ƵķѾȥˣ֪תˣҪԹ˾ģʱҲܲˣСԴЩв˵Ѿ䷽ڷ磬ڷѾȨɢģٽ̽ǱǲˣĽҲˡ
Ȼǲŵģһ飬𰸣Щյܵ߿ࡣ
СҲǽЩʲôѾķӸǣѾܸˣʶôҪ£ͷ㡣
ҲСҽȥӦˣô˵Щ˼ӦϵģӦ֮ǰʮӦԹٿӶߵһûʲô˵СǸСӣãԽŸš
ǱӦ˽ȻԼҪѧ棬߻ܣˤţԶĺӲһֱȰӦϲҪ
ӦܲڼѧͲǺ⣬û뵽ҲܵԼǰҪӣȵĺƤ
ӦسţҪȥҽˣͱСҸСҸӦûаˮ취߽֮еŭŽƽϢ
ʱŽҽСңҪ㶹ƵķҲȴӦؽţ˶֪û취ѧ㶹ˡ
ӦϿɫڽС˵Ļûгȥ˺˵Ҫѧ棿Ӧϰʵ㽪ûѧľҲҪýԼ۸
ȵش:ѽѲ㻹֪ΪѾ֪ˣԲСҽءѧѧˣô졣˵꣬װһģ
һŵĶжӿֳһĨЦ֪ǹӦϲڼҵʱ򣬲Ÿ˷ˡ
ӦЦһҲΣǹЦģȻ󿪿˵:ѧ˾ѧˣװǲǹѿұĲ£ûû¡֮ǿŽˣû£Ͳˡ
װӣ¶һٵЦ˵:ҾһС̯ʱ׬Ǯ˻ǽҵĲ𣿡
ӦϴӽžûиʲôɫѾȲҪˡС˵Ҫ㶹ƵķӣȻǲͬģĿѾóһ룬ǿڵ:ôˣҲûȥϢˣǾͲڼסˡ
㶹Ƶ»ûӰأӦȴѾˡֲܶӦô㶹ƵķӣҪ취㵽֣ڻǺӦϷʱ
ĵɳţԴ֮ûôϳ㶹Ƶķӻûеֻ֣ܶţӦϻؼȥˡ
СҽɣᵽˮϴСͽСҶȥæһһϴһ߳ԣòֺѾһԿţɣأ⼸ȫҲû˼СҪ
صݣСϴɣصϣŽҪȥԼҪһ㣬ҪȽСҰɣϴ֮УΪԼϴ
ŽѾĻʱ콪С˺üӵɣػҲ֪ڸЩʲô
ŽСѾɣϴˣϱһ·Сҵߣȵ˵:Сңǲôɣظʲô
СͷҲصش:ơ
һ֣ʲôʱɣҲˣǰǺ棬ǴʽС:ɣҲҪô𣿡
СͣҲ˵ֱؿϣһԵĽСͽСҲ飬·ѾС˼͸ˡ
Ͽӵ񡣺Ȼӿֳһ˿ңҲҪƵطֻ֪ΪʲôɣҲƣΪʲôҴû˵


51 ޵
˵ǱġСޱؼ⻰˼˵޵СƤûֻи
һϴɣأһ߻شϵ:󲿷ֵˮƣֻķһѡ
Щ㬵ص˵ͷ˽СҵĻ־ʲôûдЩģʵ:ҪڽҲһЩɣóȥССҲܺúöˣϷѧʱǻܸæ
СˣûûпǺҪôŪӦүƣȻҪҪľǱߵģ׬ǮӦҲšԵĻҲԿһЩҲýС飬ֻ֪ЩĲ϶ǧټƵ鷳
ϼСҲʵûȥˣŽСӦûʲô˼ģץ˺ôһϴõɣˣ˶Բ۾
ϴɣؽС׼ȥǰӹСҵĹ߶:СһˣҸԡ
СҰѹһӣ˵:У
㶣ûзӦʲôУСҿţ˵:ǾͲࣿҪ弦͸ÿ˼һȻ˭Ҳԣ
׽Сҵ˼ָŽСҲ˼:ôֻسԣƾʲôҼСԸͲУ˵һ
Сᣬվŵĸ߶ȱŲ࣬һֱϲ˵ֹ˽СҲſڵ:ҳԼ㶼ɵģ˭ǴңҸ㣬ڰͲٴһ٣ҾֿԳһֻˡ˵꣬Ҫ¶һаЦ
ϿŽСҵЦЩ𣬺ȻʶڽСﲻãҲӦһϡ
ϣӦͻȻҪͶ䣬ʵǽСҸ˵ģһˣѾÿ춼ڼ¡ɻҲѧ̯ȥǮȥʲô˵Ҫ޿䡣
СʵǿȥˣԲŸӦ˵ӦҲͬãҽѾͱȽСһ󣬼ССܶ඼ǽСڸɣ˵ǲڵġ
һ˶඼Ӧ˵ʲôͶ䣬ʲô˼ֻӦɨɨѾȻʼ˵:ô£еţе˴۵ϣҾͺú÷һ¡
Сң̯ˮ㶹ƣԼƵơѾȴϴɨʼҪʱ̯ɻСͽѾһ𣬽СԼСҵĸСͽСһͬʱ˽С⣬ÿ˶ҪȥũӦŽС˵һ顣
СҺͽССȻͬ⣬ƽҲЩģֻǽѾͽСһĲģرǽѾƽʲôûÿ˯緹𴲣緹ȥһˣ˵ʲô඼ûԹ
Թ֮󣬽ѾͻȻô飬һôͷʼѧ;÷Ǿ͸ˣ޵ϡﻩģϵϧ
ϽѾڻһ߰οѾһӦƫ̻Լĺӡ
ѣҪô£ᱻģѾ޵Ҳᣬ˵:İɡʲô鶼Ұء
Ѿϵŵһ磬ҲղˣֻϣѽѾеĻ˹ȥСҿҲֻûԼҪôɵģֵ˭
ڶ콪Сｪ֭СͽСҲ˷˷ȥѧãֻнѾһֱš
ӦϻΪ͵أÿһѾڴϣسӶ˵ˣһһȵģܡ
ӦϿѾɫϸƤģˣΪ˵:ðģˣװĲɻɣ
Ѿſǻ˵:ܣ˵꣬ͰѶͷӦһ㣬Ӧһ̵ġ
ʱ򣬽СҽݰӦϸˣͿ˽ѾԼµëˣֻǽѾҪ͵Ҳò
ֻʣ½Ѿϡʱ򣬽ѾװһҪ𴲸ɻӣһ:ˣʲôúϢ㲡˵
ȻѾԴЩ̣ӲУҪȥѾ˭֪Ѿֲ˵ﻹҩ˷Ǯˡ
ʵϣΪһ͵ƻͻᱻʶˣŲġ


52 
ϿѾóϴûҩȥҩӦϼӦҲȥĹĽѾС:ȻӻԼס
Ӧûô壬ʵ:˵ʲô
Ŀڵ:˵ʹ򶼿ˣô춼ܼƵġ
ӦЦһڵ:ݣҲСҵݣѾʹ򶼺üûˣҼСȴء
⻰˼ڰʾ˵½СңͽѾһëǮϵûСˣɫͿȥ
ԹӦϾ׼ȥҸѾˣϽʱ˵Ǿ仰˸ŵģֻϰԵһѡڶ˵ѾˣȻǼٲǲϵʱҪȥ˵ˡ
ɲȥ·ôԶֻźӣȻǲ㣬ǾʹӼ㶹ƣߵھӼҵǸͽСһĺӣ㶹ƸȥҸ
Ǻӳһڣϲصͷ㶹ƲñļܵÿȻһ̾ȥҴˡ
ô˭ˣھӼҵĴɩʵԽҵ㶹жţֻûǮ򣬼㺢Ҳû취ֱһĺӣֵʰʰŰʾͺӦ
Ӧ̾˿:ҼҴѾˣڶ¹һԵú˯úãɫģôôء
ھӼҵĴɩ֪ǸʲôС˵:᲻װģӦһԾӣ:ӦòǰɣСô໵˼
ǴɩЦˣ˵Ӧǲ֮ǰѾͷˣ鶫˵ѽСӽˣ˼Ȼǲڻµġ
Ӧϵ˵ͷʵС˵ˣֻΪ˽ҴѾĻ԰
һѵΪ˶ôƭġ
ãӦϵĻУɩѾ鶼˽ˣ׽ѾֻװɻжԽѾӡֲࡣ
ܿ죬ǺӾͰѴ˹Ѿһסһ⺢зյӣɫȥܺðֱԲ䣬ԽҵЩ»治֪
Ѿɫӿһ̾Ϳʼȥڴ˵⻰ֱɫѿ˼¡
ɡǸոճҩѾõĲ˰ɡѾµ˵һ˵һѴƿָѾҡҡͷ˵:Ҳ񰡡
ʱӦóǮѴˣһĪӦϾǻǮҲҪ𴩽ѾٸǻǮҲҪ㣬űŻ͵
ڼҵĴɩҲǸŹ۽ѾֽѾϸƤûаյģװģССͲѧã˼һѣԺ˭ȡţȥɢϢȥˡ
꽪Ѿ飬СҾɣصӦϺǽӼţˣ᲻¡
ӦңֻӦԺ첹СҴȥ˿·嶫·Ư˲٣Եؿ:ĸĻƯ
ЦСҵСҪѧп˾ͽ̸СҰСæͷ
ʱϴӷСң۾΢УȻ󿪿˵:ѽǲֲˣ˵ֲ꣬һ:ڶ˴лˣ˵ӦСϱأ
СҲ֪϶ֵÿϲƵСҾ죬Цݲĵ˵:ĸİɣױҲٵġ˵ֲ꣬һ:ҲҿӲС
һ仰ɫ࣬϶СҵĻӹҲסˣæԲ΢һ¡
СӦס˼죬֮ǰɵɣ˹ƣʱһ̳ɣؾƹˣжҲǵڶηֻͣҪӵǽȥٴܷˣȾҺȫɣؾƾͻˣ
ֹ죬СҽƵɣؾҲˣͻ˽ҡÿųȥ̯
ҲСһ:ùãǸ𣿡
ɫ࣬ӣ֪ӡ̯һʼ˵棬һ˿ͻ٣˿ͳԺȴ⣬ӵڶ쿪ʼ˿ԽԽˣҶ˵ͷķͷ棬µڣ˿ͻΪӻǮû׬
ǽܹҪӦϻ̯Ӧ棬оԼζһǺܻɵʽСǲǽ̴ˡ


53 ֳ̯
Сҡͷ˵:ȻģѲһ̴ŽɣΪʲôζôأ
ѽҪһȥ⣡ӦһѽԶһ㣬ˣƱ˵:϶̫СʱϷŶ㣬Ҫ̫ˣ
ӦϵȻӦûֻĬĬػԼ̯λ档
ʱ˹ˣӦϿδԶӰɤӶԽС˵:ģҪøɾԼݵģﻹˣ
СʮϵصͷһԳ˶ת˿ӦϵģøɸɾģȻ˵·ãܾˣûմգһǽģģҲġ
Ǳ߽ʵڲУЩԹ˳˽֮󣬱ҲȥǶˣֻСҺӦ⼸׵̯
ԼҵӦȴǮӹĹĵģһΪԼ̯λûѡã˿ǶҲλӣŷҪӦϻһ̯
ȵʱ֣СߵѾˣ׼̯ǡǡ෴׼ôȴһ붼ûȥ
ﻹ𣿡һӦҪ棬Ӧϸ˵Ⱦ͵:ûˣˣȥǰ·תи̯УҲǼҿġ
һ˵лˣӦϣܵԼ̯ϸкˣδ̫֣˵Լ̯һңⲻԼ𣿽ζ治զء
ʰ̯ӣӽᵽ½̯ȥԴϴ̯֮ǾûǶ̯ˣڽ¶ڡֻ̯ʱ԰Ѷ½ҽҲǰ㲻١
ʱ򣬽ҲһѵĶ·ӦϵĶֱӷͿˣҲǰ˸֣ǵðѶҲ
½ѾһˣҲҵֻöݣ׼һҲ׼һЩȥֻͬˡ֪ӦϺͶͷôҲҸɾܾ
һ½ͬ⣬ϲܳȥᶫһ̯Ӷȫռ˺ôһƬط
СҲŽû취½룬:ӿҲǿţҪҲʼɡ
½һһûӦΪСҪӣǿڵ:ҪҪʱߣҲûʲôá
С֪½Լ˼ǿڵ:ҵ˼̸㣬Ȼ￪һӣأͰᵽжȥ߼ˣ˿Ϳ϶ڸࡣ
½ûӦôҲһˣϾ˹:˵Ҫ棿ЩţϾⶫڿģֻҪ棬˵ƣһġ
СصͷҲ½Ĳţȷȷʵʵ˼ȻҪֳɵģӦҿһǳɷָұ⣬ǩЭ飬ܽķйȨ١
Щ½˵֮½Ȼͬ⣬ԼЩԲСҡô˵и̯ܱҪõö࣬һ׬١϶Ӱ죬Ҳæµĥ
ǵѧðеĶһСֻ֡һˣǾæġСһˣٲͯҪʲôػӴɨȻˣźܶ˼ԸԼǮģڼҸũǿˡ
죬һҪȥ̯СҪȥж̯߰½С̯һжѾ׼ˣһȥ˶ߣ߾ͽ½ˡ
Ϊù˿Ƕ֪滻λӣС֮ǰ̯λ÷˸ӣʾҪȥ½
һҪȥߣʮֲ⣬úúõģҪᵽȥԶ˲١
Сҹ˵Ѿ̸½飬һˣƾʲôҪôԶ½ȥߡ
˵ˣҪѧ棬Сϣ˽ӣôͰѷӽ̸½۾СҰǣԼݶ̣Ȼȥһ档
㲻˵öɲ̣ܶȻᱻҲǰĻ𣿡СԴһ𳰷˵⻰ǰϱ̽ʱ򽲵ģڸպϡ


54 ̯
һҭסˣ⻰ȷʵģɲôõѽ粵ʲôСۿ˵:˼ѧӣǲԼˣ
˲Ͳ˵ˣӣͽĶӱֱĲ˵ѾմݵĹˡ
СҵȻûʲôӣֻΪ˶ס͵ĽڣȻԺķֳǾԲֻӵġзųߣ㡣
û˼ƽ½˼ǶȤһ·һֱʽСѾûС
С֪ڴӵˣڹǮѾˣҲϡ
ȻЩֳɽСҲд㣬û㽫ЩǮ̸ӦϣЩӦҲ֪ͬˡ
İɣ½ǮԼүǮҵģǽҵģ˵ˣţԶҲˡСҹ˵
ˣŭ:ƾʲôЩǮǽҵģѲһ˶̣
Сһֱϣڵ:ΪЩǮģҵ̯ΪǰæҲһһ½ﻹӦҵǮҲõһһ
ϱСҺסˣû뵽СôݣԭΪǿԴӦջһʿɹ۵ӣû뵽ЩӶ˽СҵĿڴ
ֲܸС֣С˵ûеǮǽС취ģû취ӲҪǺ֣˵Сһᣬʲôôֲˡ
ֺܲģǿ϶һʲСĿʱǮöˣСҰЩǮȫߣһë̲ԣҪôܰЩǮûء
ߵеĶߣȴֲԶһ̯Ƕˣ߽һȻǽ
С˵һǵ̸ԸԼܵˡҽ̯λӣõһｪСͿ˵ģôǺǸˡ
һӦϣ;:ѽǲڳǱôˣЩˡ
ӦϿŽԭʮָ˵ɫݺݵ:ͦɵİ˵꣬ͳһȥ
˼ӦֵתͷԽ˵:ҼסǸҼСѧģʲô¸ʲô²еƣ
Ȼ֪ӦھԴ˲Ϊ⣬ȴӦ˵˻һ:ѧΪжأҲ֪ʲôȻ֮Щ˷׷
ʲôõģû˿ͣҲ֪Ϊʲô˿ֻӦǱߵģһȤûС
Ʒ⡣21һ˵ýɼܣϵ۸ˣСľȻҲͷҰˡ
ֻܾԼסһ߸СҺӦϵǸĸŮɲǰһôˣǼǣԼҲû³ѧһɡ
Χϼ˿ڴ϶죬ȫ֣ͣһʶСһӵģͰѽ˵úܴףΧ˵ĻԿʼԽָָˡ
Ʋ̫ԣԹԵͣߴɸϽ̯ڶʱ򣬽ѾֻصԭĵطˣֻҪнСҵĵطǵ涼ãǾͲСˣصб߸½
Сڶע⵽ũǴӱ߸ɻģƺŴ󹤳̣ũܶࡣЩũ˼ңƽԲ𣬸˵ˡ
ϵʱ򣬽СҾ͸½ֻ棬֭ľڵģֻߵͼûˡ
ЩרŸЩũṩģΪɱͣ۸ͨҪˣԺܶũ֮󣬾ֻ½һȺ档ȻԼģֻҪ½˵һͿԡ
ŵԽԽ࣬½ֱ佪Сǿĺòϡ˻ϲ˳߿˶ˣǱΪóԣԭģǰһЩ
СҿŽģҲһ˿˿Ĳ̣ŮȻ˼УҲǽǮѧģԽСҲô˼ҡ
ùãǶʲôʱģСڽ̯ϳͷʵԱһҲûС
ΪԼĿ˷СǮ飬ǸӵĲͷǳŽСҺ:ǮǮǮ֪Ǯûһ˶ûҲ֪ʲôаˣô˾ͲҼأﵷңϽԼ̯ȥ


55 ʲôа
С̾һվ׼ߵӣԴϧ˵:ԭһ̯ʲôаڿҪˣһ߰ɣ
һվסСҵ֣ʵ:˵ʲôСЦЦƤ:˵ʲôʲôû˵
˵֪ҵ̯ʲôа˵ǲʲôԿ˲Ųģʱһˡ
С֣ʾ⽪ǶӸԭû˵ģǽСкУĻ̯ûҪȥˡ
˺ܾãɵ˰죬Ǵչ˶ӣصضСģȻ󿪿˵:ڿ˵˵Ϊʲôҵ̯û˰ɣ
СеӣЦЦ˵:Ϊһ
ɨһԼ̯λΰʶȫģûλӣȱĵʲô
Сҽ쵽½óԼ֭Ȼ˿档
ӽΪʲôԼĺͽСĲһˣһǼⶫģһֻǼˮζر𡣿ҪСѾûа취ˡ
ɫʮֲÿСڲŰʵǣ֪
Ƶ֭˵ΪΪֹֻҺӦҲõġ˵ҪǻҪ棬ͱƵ֭С˵
µ˽СҵͼǺܲ˵:ңⶫҪ⸶Ǯ
Сҵ˵ͷ˵˾:ɡֻҪÿ׬Ǯ߷ֳɸңҾͻṩ֭㡣
ɣѾˣ½ǵֻһ֮еĿȴرġ
ɣզȥأ߷ߵԭΪ˶ʲôðˣû뵽֭ҪǮҪԼ׬Ǯ߿ۣǶһְ
СҲΪȻ˵:ѾˣѺ½ǸɣҿǶӺʹݵķݶϣŸɣ㰮ҪҪ
СȷʵʲôˣԭӦһ棬˭֪̫ƤƤ˽ңԼͷһ½
ֻҪͬɵķֳɣͿ԰֭ˣӳԶ׬˲ֹһ㡣ӣǲԵͷɵķֳǲ̸£ġ
ɫܲÿȻǲͬ⽪СҵģԼĲͬĻ̯ƾͲÿˣǿҲǿ
룬ЭˣǩֻѺ֮󣬽Сóһĩ˽ǰµһһ˵ͬʱҲҪǮˣȻһ
˱Щĩˣⶫ̯ζˣ֮ǰĹ˿ѾϤζųһµ˼ֵһ룬ζֻصӦʱ̯ϵĹ˿͵Ƕ֮ǰܵĻʱѹȥһ㡣
صңҲŻ˽ңǽСںܲˬ˵СҺӦϵĲǣӦˮ
պһ䱻ݵĽСˣСֱʵ:˵ʲô
СɷһŶԽС˵:ûʲôˡ˵ء
СҺһĿڵͦġ
Ǳ˻û˵ϺѾˣ:˼ˣͦŴ棬ˮʲôС۾ֱضŽϺͽСҿúܲڣֻܲͣ˵ˡ
С֪ϺΪҲΪӦҺ½ķֳûԼķݶֻҵӦϷйѡ
ʱӦҲպýݣСɫôãӦϱʽСô¡
֪òҪӦ֪Ȼ鲻֪Ҫʲôӣһֱ߽СҲҪ˵
Сװȫûһڵ:Ŷոչùúʹ˵ʲôˮء
ӦһɫŽϺͽ˵񱩷֮ǰһֱ
ˮǲ˵㳤һƯСҹʵĺӲʺղŽСҵıֺǶģӦǰװ˲佪˾;ýСҲǸ򵥵ĺӡ
ӦԭŪúջ𣬵˽Сҵ֮󣬾ȻЦһ£ʵ:ÿ𣿡
СȻشÿ񻨶һƯأһ仰ӦеĻ˲٣ҲԸ﷢ˣֻǺžζضԽϺ˵:бµˣ۳һû¹˭أȻŽСҳȥˣ½


56 ͽѾȥ
䣬ҲһֱСҷʤԸս˭Ҳ˭ܱ˵Ҫá
ֽԼϵʱ򣬽СҲ̲סˣһֱΪͷ̸ԼĹ˵Сҳ⣬Լ˾ˣӦҺ½ǵġɼʵһǿ
޿̵ʱӦ˵:ѾҼô꣬Ҳûʲô飬Ǻù׵úܡҿҪͰѽͻȥɣҲʡһ˹롣
˻һˣϺɫڣѾۿתתˡ
ⲻ̫ʰɣѾѾôˣҲЩģ˵ˣ𣿡Ȱ˵ԼѾһˣȻԽѾҲŮһףǰͻ൱ڼֶһ˳Էһ֧ɲɡ
ʱ򽪴ѾίڳˣԭСһڵԴǴͷԺڼĵλԽԽˡӸôĻڻҪͻȥȻǿԭڣⱻƿĸоĺܲܡ
ӿԼŮһģһģһʺһģ໥˺ƣСҪѾϻȥʵǲ̣ҪȰСҲҪôģȴСҺݺݵصһۡ
ӱСҵһԭҪ˵Ļ˲ֻص˶
һԵϿ޶ԣԼǰķһƣְԼŵĵˣڵϿţ˵Ѿ˶ӣڽӾӲš
Ůһ취ûУһ˶ֻڵϿ֣һӺӦ壬ӲţһСǣ⼸ˣܹˡ˵˵Ż˹ȥһæҵذ̧
ʱ򣬾ǿݼʱˣֻҪεܷһƪ£ȵϣҹҲͰˡ
ǽСߵϴǰ˿ϣӻƵתǹɤŶԽС˵:ȥͷʲôëôһؼʱε
㹻ǽСûߵſڣͿתѣһ˵Ųˡ
С֪װģ˶֪ˣһ㶼ΣֱֻضԽӺӦϿߵ:ѾӳšҲһʺһģðѺӻȥ𣿡
СҼ֣ѹѾȥˣǲѽѾðװֵģѾдĻƽˣȫǶԵ𽪴Ѿͽˡ
һʱսƣѾͲģڸˣߵ˶ҪʹýѾյԺһʱ䡣
ѾȻ֪ô˵⽪ѾѾ˽£Ͽ϶ǲٰѺҪȥ˵ġֻʱܵĲζҪһһֻҪģֻһ
ϼСһڣ֪¿϶ҪòģС˵Ļ¹ֵûûˡ
Ҳһ㣬װһŮӦңڣĻôӦϲɢĸŮأȻǲͬѽѾҪȥġ
彪ԼӦ˵:ͷ¶ǴѾĴԺҲ˰¹ֵСͷˣѾѾʮĵˣ˵ҪͲҪǲôģ
ʱ˵ӦϺģֱӦϣӦڶԽ˵:ѾСֵʱҲýѾһǻеƵСϡѲǾͲ𣿡
Ϻͽʱ˵ˣȻƽҲýС˵£ǵͷ֪ģӦϵĻµǲ֪롣
ʱ˵ʲôҲһˣ־͹ȥˡڽѾͻȥȫ޻̸֮ķչԽԽŽСˣоӦϺͽСĵҪ˸ͻȥ
СңݲˣӺͦã֮ǰȰ棬źͽС飬ɲýСˡѾΪϥӲŹ̸ģ˺ӾͰѽѾͻȥ˵ȥϽҵᶪ
СҿŽӣԭʱĲΪǽʱֵúӲΪνӣԼ˲ڽ£ѱõýСҶΪԽԽС


57 
㲻ƫ𣿡СɵʽӵƾʲôҪеƾʲôԺΪȴֹһС¶ܹͷϣСһܵĲȫ˵˳˵üɫࡣ
žһָСһ⣬СҵĻɴʹһʱ֮¾͸СҴһ⡣
Сͷ޵:ƾʲôǿԶʹңǵĳͲƾʲôѾУȴҪ׬Ǯֺã
֮ǰЩʮǣڵĸоίǶʮûЩһÿ첻ǱǱģʹѾ죬Ҳôί
Ӵʱ˿Լһʱ嶯ԼôãûеõСҵͬеһҲûˡ
ӦϿСҿ޵滨꣬ۼˡŽСҵҲصᣬŽûĵģСΪô࣬㲻ãȻѾСӣʲô¶ǳġӦûŮǰ˭Ҫ˭Ҫǽң
һӦϾȻӦ϶⣬ǿСҵģ뵽ӦϻУǻԭȥеķȴôҲ
㻹ǰɣѽӦϳŽӽʱƫƫҪȥŭӣƽѾȥһνӻסˣڰϴڴСҼ˿ûֻͣķŭرǽСŵôҳһ¡
ӦҲΪӵͣĵˣ˿档ֵӦʰŽСҽСԼСҡӿӦֻˣô:˾ͲҪˣ
ѾѾεɵˣԼȥһһûҪһֱڿ־Լ᲻һ޼ҿɹĺӣҲһ˶ڱޡ
ҲǴӴʱʼʼһЩ仯
СŽѾģһġӦ϶ȴܺã飬ûбùƶûڽҺáѾȴܴһУǽѾԼܣֲ˭
һΣҳһţԭֻΪ˳ѿ֮ҲͣӦߣһ˿ӦϴӻǾȡ
֪֮ǽģ׷˵̫ˣ˵Ӧˮ¹ƾͲ߻Ƴٺܾá
ҲԱɿ𣬸Ǽⳡס˷׷ΪӦϴ򱧲ƽϺͽϸΪԼŮﲻͣӣЩϱɲһ룬رϣֹŵ:ӦҪڼ׳԰׺ȶ졣
ȻɽСҺӦϴ棬׬˺ܶǮǮȻĿڴûͳĵСһס϶ҪһӵģȻǲԸ⡣
ڶϣӦҵ˶ӰһӦңӦϺͺǰ΢еӦϺҲ죬ĵؽӦϺ
һӦϺͽСңӵӦ϶ܻңõ޹⣬ڻѼеӶֻӲͷƤӦˡ
ӦϿӣ֪ԼȥģǻûȽӿڣѾ˵:㲻˵˾ͲҪٻȥ𣿽
㣡Ӧϣʱ䣬ӦȫûаӦû취ΪԽСԼĺûа취
Թ緹֮Ӧ˹ѳӦϺͽӡһȥɣˡʱƲ˵ղŵŭҲѾ˲٣֪ӦһӲ֮ƽ͵ظӦϲŻӦؽҡ
ǷǰӦϿ϶һ˵ˣڲһˣܹ˽ϺϵĿѣô걻۸ԼĺҲҪ۸˵ʲôҲˡţӦϾҡҡͷ˵:ǲȥ
㲻ȥô죿Ӽˣû뵽ӦϾȻܾԼ
Ӧ˵ӣЦһЦӸŻؽҲ֣Ϻ򣬱ͽѾ۸Ӧһǵһϯ֮أֲǲ׬Ǯļڣûԡ
Ӧ˵Щɫһ䣬ûϵԼҪʲôʱѾôˣԼӺͺӸҪ


58 ּ
ӾڰĬĬţһʧǵӣӦϿŽӣЩĲ̣ôôˣֲԸȥǷǾ뵽һ취:
ҪǻȥҲûа취ǺǷּңҾʹźסˣӦϺ˵һӦϵĴ㣬ɫһ䣬:Уôּܷأ
ӦһӹȻǲͬģǿһʹӳ˳ȥ½˼š
һؽңӦϵĻ˽ˣ˽ɫһ䣬ȥô꣬û˭Ҫּҡӣһεִˡ
ĥţӦ֪Ҫ裬ҪӦϲҲͲҲɲʲô
ܽһϼƣһ˶ֻȥӦϻؽҡҲǲôҵˣôҲһҵˣӦԺ󻹵ûؽңܰѹϵֽ
һ˸һͨģڰ˻ϵ֣˵:ӰҼҹŮʱǲ£۸ͷǵ۸ȥǸŻСӣһ㶼ãˡ
⻰Ҫˣ⻰˵ӦϵĲԣʵ˵ſϱСѹեϱָɣ˶ˣӦϺͼӣ˶ҲΪӦϳһ
ĬˣӦϺƽ̸֣Ӧϵ:ôӦϿˣɿڵ:Ҫּҡ
ɩ»Ҫӳ飬ǼҷּҲ̫ðʱ˵ּҵģû˽СҵĵΪ׬ǮԼ̯ҲܻΪûӦϵ֭첻ȥǵ̯ŸеɫǺӦֽˣ治Ը⡣
ӦϿҲһۣ֮ǰ˵ˮľǽŸ˱˾ԡڽΪʲô˳Ҳ֪Ϊ֭ڵͷϣὪ
ƨɣ˵עֲ÷ֻӻصԼԭλϲ˵
ĬãԽԽΣû˸ҿʱӦϺ˵:ȻҪּңǷծô죿
˭Ƿ˭ѾóһЩǮȥʣµҿɲܣӦһ˵ûһԸģϺͽԣﱾͲԣǰЩծ񶼼ԼϣҪ⵰
Ҳͬ⣬ѾǷǮǰӦϵ˵ծ϶Ϻͽ黹ˣ˵ģҲǼôףûġ
Ӧ˽ӵĻ֪ΪνĶ飬Ѿôεãȴ˼ãôߣ˵ʲôҲӵˡ
ûõĶ˼Ҷ۸ͷˣ㻹ӵ£ܹˣǺ룬ӹңҴźӹծһӣ¹ȥɣӦϳ彪ĽѾʧ̫ˡ
Ӧ⻰Խ˵Ƿǳݵģȫɫһ䣬رǽӣζʲôҶ֪һ˵ŮݵǺ룬з˵Īĳ衣
ӼȲԸ룬ҲݵӦϣ񽪼Ҫת
ҲǱӦϵĻһû뵽û뵽ӦϾȻôһǸŮ˻ԸģˣǽҺӦϪƾͱɴЦˡ
ɩӡ˵ʲôҲһ˿ˣҪôּңҪô룬ǲԸģԻӦϻת⡣
Ӧϳһҡͷ:ʲô˵ˣҪôּңҪôҾʹźӺ룬Լȥú롣˵תϢˣһĽϺԼŵĽӣû뵽һӦϵ̬ôᶨ
ӦϺ˼һ£ȻӦô˵ˣӦôɣֻŻҪӦһ·ûˣֻǿ˵һ:λذɣ黹ǵûܽҲȥú룬֮˵һ˵ҲˣӦҲü׷׻Լӡ
СҲͬӦϻݣֻǹûһֳɻˡΪҵ˶ѾȥˣȴС͵͵СҳæܵСҵߣȰСҵ:ǲּܷҡ
Сֱʵ:Ϊʲô
˼Ժһ˶ûзԣᱻģǷ˼ңûչˣﲻǹ¾Ҫ𣿡СŽСҵͼŵСңýСȥȰӦϻת⡣
СȻСӵİϷûá˵չһ㣬ϺͽҲûչ˹ӦϺͽСңӦʣ½ССҵʱǺϰæչӦϵģϸûʲô¶Ӧǡ
㻹İɣԼҹÿ϶Ҫá㻹ǵĵ뿪ǣû빩ɣСһڻؾʱＸٷ֮ʮ붼׬ģϼǮѣΪԼб׬ôǮˡ


59 
СȻСӵİϷûá˵չһ㣬ϺͽҲûչ˹ӦϺͽСңӦʣ½ССҵʱǺϰæչӦϵģϸûʲô¶Ӧǡ
㻹İɣԼҹÿ϶Ҫá㻹ǵĵ뿪ǣû빩ɣСһڻؾʱＸٷ֮ʮ붼׬ģϼǮѣΪԼб׬ôǮˡ
СҲŸհѽСߣתӦСֱضԼӦСǲƵĿпԿСԼûʲô¡
ȻСһû˵ʲôӦСѾָŽСҵı:ôôģС˫ֻأӦСҪ潪ѾƽСܱôСƨŵȻӦСԼĸӸ߳һأһѾͰӦСƿˣӦСˤһƨɶס
ҪϲȥϽȥףͲᱻǼҸͻȥˣֱӾͼȥˡҲ˸̸ۼ޵ʱ򣬴ĸӦò᲻ͬġСЦŻص
˵£С֪һֱôѾ˵۹ⲻǿϱôҪǲɶڷܣѾûһռˣȻǲôѾӦС֣Ҳǲͬġ
ӦСС˵ͮͮģ˽СҼ۾ˣ׻Ǹ¶꣬СҿӦСҡҡͷ
ϻصңָϺ£ϺְӦһٳ
գСҴӦϽɢģóӦǲԸͽӺģô˵ҲֻһĲѣĵľǽӻӦ飬ּܹͬҡ
ս˻ȥ֮ӦϾһĲɣȻӦϲ룬ôСôҲģҾ㽪룬żľԴһԱƽӸľ
Ӧɢɢģ˵ӦϻûôйԼ޻ڵµʱһòˣӣԻӦøϽذѶ
Ӧңʱû̯ض֮ǾֻϽתתˡ½ԶԶؾͿ˽Сң׷ȥСҿ½Ǿȣڵ￴̯ܳʲô
½ν:ˣʲôлƿû⣬ֻ˵ǼڷּңԹǡ
Сһû뵽鴫ô죬½Сҵӣ˵:ģַھӵĺܶ໹֪飬ȥ˲֪ġ
Сҵ˵ͷҲţҵ˻û˵ȥת½:ʲô𣿡֭ӦûǹõģϴֱӸ½һµ
˵ڷּңھͿȱǮŸҵĲţ֮Ϊֻ׵ػЩˡ½˵СҾȣû뵽˾вãһǴû˵
Ȼ½ģǺˣ½˽С֪ģǲӣƻ档ηּϲ֪Ӽ߶٣ʱǰҲҪһʲСӣ½ǮǸպýǵļ
Ȼɲǰ½ģպԼ˻ȻЩ½
ʱ򣬽ӺͽСҲǣ˹½ԼĻѾ˵ˣûȽӶ˿СҴǱˣ֮ǰСʲôѾȥ
߽ӦϺͽСҺȻЩ̫ÿڣ°˵ϺͽϺѾּͬˣǽӦϺͽСһȥˡ
صңҲ˵ʲôϺݺݵس˺ụ̈Ȼ󿪿˵:ҪּҿԣضǣǽѾǣеĻҲùǣǽѾǣĻҲҪһ룬ծǡ
СЦһʲôȫȫһŲƽԼеĺôǣԭǽϺģǿԲҪǼǮ϶ģѾͷǷծӦǽѾӦϣлһ붼ծģǸϣҲ׬ģָϾͲծˡ
ߣǹƽСһϺһһСѾͷƬҲҳԼľŭ:Ǹʲô̸˦˽СҡҿС˽Сһѣ˽СұҵǽСպñ̸ҵ˺ף۵˻һ


60 ʲ
СҼϺȻָҴԼ֪ûԼǴԣȻ򵽽СˣеķŭҲǱ
ⶫͬ𣿡СŽϺ˵ֻɵӻͬʲôôûţּʲô壿⽪ϺҪҪմ⣬Կǲͬġ
Ϻ˽СҵĻûСëӣԣֱˡ
غͷӹǣѾͽСҲǣǲٹһ£ڼӣһһ룬ѾծͬǡС˵ѾǺܹƽ˵ģûкӺѾ御ˣϺٲͬ⣬Ҳֻġ
Ϻˣ룬ȻҡҡͷҲ⵰ˣӻծģӦ߻кܶʣࡣȻҲǲɵģֺܾãյľ:
ѾǷӦҵȻϣʣµƽ֣ʣµծȫɽϺ߳еʵ൱ڽСΪǷֵʮˣϵģǻ㣬ǷֵǮҲֻСʱڵˣһǷ˲ٵء
ŽСҵԳŲּͣۻۻȥʵ䷴ڳ˶ֻͬ
С־ݣԺϾ뷴ڣҲõ
֮ǰ˵ãһڽҪҵסһʱסڽҡϾͰһ£ʱǲ׬ʮӣϴӸطķֳɣôҲʮҵӡ۵ӦҵĶʮʣӣÿӦҵǮӦûȥ
Ӧϻȥʱ򣬴Ƕʮͷֽʮӣ޼ҿɹ飬ǷӸҷõġǿԿ϶ǣǰܰǮ׬֤ǰѽӦҵĶϡ
죬ӦϺͽСҲȥתתһءҪ˸Ƿӡ͵ȥģöӰѵظ˻֮ǰһʹļ׵ģ
صλҲǺͽһ뼯Щһξ룬ֲǺԶĵ̫𣬶羰ˮҲͦõģԾͶˡ
СҽеӴ½ӣӽҷӣִӦҽʮƤ˶ͷʮӦùؽ԰ˡ
²˳٣˵Ƥ֮󣬽ӱľʦӣȻֻһµʱ䣬ľҲ죬һ¿ҪڵʱͰѷӸ޺ˡ
ʱӦϿķӣֿ˻ڿϺͽϺħצˣڿԹҸˣ
ϺŷԽԽߣӦԽԽˣԽԽƣԼסĿӣڵԸƷӸӦˡž;Լˣ˵Խ˵ԽӦãϺ
ӿҪõʱ½רŴŶ̽ӦϴھӼֻɱд½Ҳϵģϵʱ¶ˡϺͽϺӦѾԼֵֵزҲôȥһԣû취ֻܿųͷȥɻ
½СҲӦʰ׼ȥӦҿҲҪᵽ·ˣҲҪȥӦǱߴк
ӦңСֱƽѣϴĹƸô죬ѾˡһƿӣСҽӴȥţ˵ˣƵζ㣬һ¾뱧̳Ӻˡ
Сҽ̳Ӱᵽݣһⲻүӵľ̳𣿽СڸǱȥ֪ⶫǾ̳֮¶˱ĵɫɲŽСôѧƣƹƶܺȡ
Сһתͷ㿴ϵ飬ҲʶˣûҪ˽ôࡣ
ӦϺ˳СνƣֶԺܸܵˮžƵζȴûоƵĶ˲ˣСӶԺȡ
ӦϺǾʮֺãûкȹ־ƣҲ֪ˮȻƣصǳ˼ʶҲ֮ӵ˽ˡ
СңӦϺԽŮԽϲƵ츳ƵĴģҪҪүѧƣӦϺʵ
Сҵ˵ͷȻҪѧģŴƷͶʮһźܴĲҪкһ£ȡ侫ȥɣõľƣӦϺľƷ
һԵƲƲ죬ΪСν츳ں˵£֪ŮӼҵʲô츳
ŮӲӦҪôѧ߻ҲҺڡʲôᣬСԺ޲ȥҲ֪ǲΪӦϺԽСҴЩˬ
СЦЦ˵:ǰծˣҾͿʼѧ߻ˡˣ뵽ӦϻŽʮӣǲ׬ǮͲ֪ʲôʱܻϣҲͲ˵ʲôˣȻˬӦϺԽСҴǽСܹ׬ǮǣҲġ
ӦϺ˵ͷȽţպСǶȤӰСֽʣµɣؾƷָÿˣӦСӦСһ룬׷׳Ҫٺȡ


61 
ŮӲӦҪôѧ߻ҲҺڡʲôᣬСԺ޲ȥҲ֪ǲΪӦϺԽСҴЩˬ
СЦЦ˵:ǰծˣҾͿʼѧ߻ˡˣ뵽ӦϻŽʮӣǲ׬ǮͲ֪ʲôʱܻϣҲͲ˵ʲôˣȻˬӦϺԽСҴǽСܹ׬ǮǣҲġ
ӦϺ˵ͷȽţպСǶȤӰСֽʣµɣؾƷָÿˣӦСӦСһ룬׷׳Ҫٺȡ
ȻƲСӺȶҲЩ˵״ԽСҾûҸǶȡȻԽСҵǻɣǵķӦɵض볢һڣȻͳϲζ
СҴʣµļ̳ɣؾһ̳ȻýСȥڷĲ͹ݰѹƸڷ翴ˡֶδйڷĲ͹Ļ϶͹ݵ֪ȣСڷ϶ϲġ
ȻСʱ·ģҪˡ˵ڷʮˮƣҪȫˡ
СʰýӴžڷĲ͹ݣһβϴһ¥µĻƼǵýСҼˣֱӰѽСҼ뵽˰ᣬڷҲڵһʱϵ˰ᡣ
˵ֳµɫƣڷ洺ʵӣ㶹Ƶļ룬ĵ˲ֹһ㡣СҵĹ֪ⶫ϶ڴ
Сͷ:ҹˣֱŤģֱӽСҾˡ
ڷˬһЦĿڽСңСԵУָùϵĻᣬȻǲԸڷ翴˿Сҵֻм̳־ƣֻ֪ǽ׵Ŀˣ֮и־Ĳ͹ݡ
ǡЩǴôأڷʵϵĻСҿ϶˵Լ۵ġȻСҪڷ翴Ÿ飬Ҳ֪ⶫֵǮԾͰⶪڷ硣
ڷ룬һָͷ˵:һ̳һô̳ӲС̳ӣ㹻ü˺ˡǮǺܺʣҲͽСԤƵĲࡣ
ڷΪ˺ͽСҳڽף˹ġҪڽСôʽĿ˶ϲʵĶСҴģ㶼ʵġ
ڷ翴ŽСʮϲû뵽ôСĺӣȻôǿҲ֪ЩǲǶԼġ
СңԺҪʲôƣͶ߲ܣֻҪҾ͸ж٣ҼǮԲԿڷЦ˵ӿýСҲ㷢㶡
Сһл㱵˵һ:áоͻع˵:Ժ󻹻кܶˮƣɣģˮԡ
ڷӺˣˮδţδһˮѾܲˣҪеˮжѽƳ۽õļССϣʵ:֭ɾ𣿡
С룬ûҲûкȹ֪ʲôζӦ˵ǿԵģҪһ¡
֮󣬽СҺͽȥ˺ܶļҾߣҪ¼úܶණո̳ƣӣպÿԹҾߡ
˸ӣСһ˰˹׽ˣҲڳŽСҵ·ӣϺͽϺоܲζǲ˼Ϊʡ
Ӻض˽Ϻǣ̯Ӧϵ̯һ˹¼ҵĵڶ죬ӦϺͽӾ̯ȥ̯ˣ˿ͻһض࣬мԹΪʲôôöû̯ΪҲԲҵˡ
Сż˵Ĺ˿ͣʮֿĵظС˵:ˣôˣǷծܻܿˣ
СҿԼĸ磬ǿԼĵܵһҲܿĵضԽС˵:ȰծˣǾҲȥѧòã
Сҷ˽СĿϲرѹȥˣŽСҵͷ˵:磬ô׬Ǯѧأ
СҿСô£һᣬСĿһ磬ڽСȴԼĵܵһȻС׬ǮԼ飬ǽСġ
ּ֮󣬼ͷû˹ʳӦԼУ壬ӦϱЩóԵĸңѾŵʱ򿴼һڳԵ죬ǰп϶ҲԼһλӣֻˡ


62 ŵ
ϺͽϺؼңѾ˵ҪͽСһǽӰڼˣôԼŮô˵ҲЩġ
ӦҲ˵ʲôѾͽѾûʲôĹϵˣҲӽҰ˳ԶԽѾҲû֮ǰǰĲˡ
ŽСҺڳæѾҵӣץŽӵ½ǣؿŽӡӱѾĶŵôֲǽѾеĳͷͷʵ:ôˣѾһӵĹľʹ˵:ˣ
ӱͲ⽪ѾͻȥȻѾƽһǴԼߴҲġڽѾھǽ˵ˣܲǸҡ϶ȻŽѾֱ˵:ҲѾ
Ѿ˵:ܻܲסһҲãÿֻܳˣ²ܳԵ⣬Ҳҡ˵꣬޵ĸˡ
εû˵ѣѾʣ޼ȻóԵĺúȵģ˵ʧأһֱһʱʱýѾǰнСҶţͻȻִܵȻί
һѾòãˡһֱԼû£ҪѽѾߣѾ˵Լòãܸ
֪ӦϺͽСҺòײŷ˼ңȻǲýѾסģԽѾڴҲֻܼѵؾܾ
ǽԺҪ׽ֻҪԸ⣬ʱԹ棬ҪסļǱߣȰ˵˵⻰ʱֻԼʹ
ѾӶô˵ˣ֪ԼĻزˣ޵øܡӿѾģЩĲ̣ԼܰѴѾӻǾ취Ǳߺùһ㡣
뵽ѾԴ:ɣȥѺүԺҲõȥҲ׬ЩӲáҲֻЩˣӦǱȻѸ㶨һ㣬Ӧû⣬ѾôҲʮӦòֶ
Ѿ˽ӵĻ˵òˣû뵽ԼһνȡôõЧһ뵽Ҳ棬֪Լڽҵӻúһ㣬֮ǰӦòΪϴεˡ
ڽѾȷϹ󣬽ѾرżȥˣҪϢϣ±ȣĹ͡
˽ѾĻҲϲüңһ뵽ӾȻ˳ӦϣԼ˼ңͷһҸҪѵѵТļһ
˽ѾĻֱҵӵ·Ѿ˵Ļ˵ǼٵģӦӦòôģҪȷһ¡
ƿȴɫǺܺãҲ֪ôˣϿӾȻҸԼ˦ӣͷǶһٳݺݵ:ТϱҶҪˣ
ӱһ˵ҲΣֻĬĬţһֱϸоԼˣͣȿˮ˳Ȼ:㣬˵ǲģ
ӵ˵ͷѾַַ֪سǶǼΪϡģô˵ҲüǮ֭ӦѾֽ²ӦϿ϶֭ͬģǮҲС
ԣڵͷ֮󣬼һ:ԺõȥسǵɣǶܺ棬Ӧúã棬ҪĲҲᣬû취ˡ
ˣһʧΪӦϻṩ֭أӦ϶֪顣ܹȥسҲһ⣬֪ӦȥڷҲ֪Ӻ׬ǮֻҪ˽ӵŵҲǺõġ
뵽ӦϣֺӦϲȽͻȻڣǱǿջϲһˡ۾תת̾˿ʼ˵:˰Ҳû˹ܣӿ࣬綼Ҳ֪ȥôһˡ
ӵͷΣϺͽϺô󣬿ԼȴǷּңû취Ǻúϣ뵽ӾͺԼʲô취أģֻЩˣϵ߿࣬Ҳ¶ģһҪӦͬԼȻǴ治ˡ
Ѿ˵Ĳˣʵ:кܶҪ𣿡ȥûиȥ⣬Ȼǲ֪Щ


63 
ӵ˵ͷȻһֱֻڷṩкܶݣҲĲ͹ݶܸȤֻԼ򲻵ѣȥӦûôá
ѾŽ˵ݵ飬һ㽺СҸسȥ⣬ȥҲȥ飬һ뵽ҲôãѾһĽ
Ҳһĵǣ¾ӦϵʱǾʧȥһ׬Ǯĺ·ˡ
ǡ֪᲻᲻ѾСʵ仰档
ҡҡͷʾӦϻ֪飬Ա֤˵ӦϣԼҵ治⡣
õӵıֺ֤Ǻǵػؼˣ׬Ǯ֮϶ࡣҰ¸˽ϺȻͽ׼顣
ӻص֮˺þòӦ˵飬µȷˣûпǵӦϵĸܣӦҲˡ
ýӲ˼ǣӦ˵֮ӦϺ޷Ӧ֮еƿڴҲûн٣⵹ӦϺܷ
㡭ʲôЩʵӦûϵѾϰˣӦĬģҲ֪ǳʲô¡
ӦһʰԼĶһŽӵĻβŻһ:Ŷûӵģǽôˣʵû취ֻܻһ֣
һ£û뵽ӦķӦĬ𣿲˵ֻҪƽʶӦϵ˿ò˼顣ֳĬΣӦûʲôҪ˵ˣӦĬˣȻĬƺŲԸôҲͬˡ
ӴûӦôʱ˿ĶӦϺǸмǽӺܸ˵سţ׼Ӧö塣
ӳ֮ӦҲ̲סˡʹӺͽѾһڷ﷢Ƣ:ûϢģͰƭˣ´ǲҪ䷽Ҳ˼ˣҿûаҪĶûĵĻȻҵķ붼ҪˤˣнѾ¿ӣװװǼˣһΣҾʹһΣ
СҴӷ߳æȰӦϲҪˣҲҪˣУɲãΪֵá˽Ӽ˵̸һУ͹֪ˡ
Ӧеȥһ㣬СȰ:ҲΪҪ˶ĹۣԺʲôõġ
ӦϲףʲôĹۣ
С룬:ôĨȥ㲻õӡ󡣡ǿƷּңڵȻ˺ôίǱϿȥӦϵĴһҶ˵ǵĲԣΪӦͷӾּңѾ֮ʱϵ߿ַ࣬ھӵĶԽСҼ˶˺ܴ⡣˵Ҫʲôñ˶ӦϸĹۡ
ҶΪӦϵĲԣǰӦίӦϵĲԣӦ̫ǿƣҲȥǵ鷳
ӦһԭԼѾˣʱҪô̥Ҫô棬ûʱЩྣ֪¡ѹ˿ЩԾأ
Ӧ룬òУɲܳԣקŽСҾҪȥۣС˺ð㿴Ÿ˵סô͸ˣСֵ
Ӧ˽СҵĻһŬ죬ڵСҸӦ˳˳˵:Ҫúάǵĺ󣬰Ѳõ󶼶ҲΪķ밡Եˣұ㶼ʱǵͲչˡ
Ӧ룬ҲԣֻʽСӦôС룬˵:ھȥҡӦϲ⣬Ÿմӽ߳ڿǸطķҪȥʲô
ھҪȥңǿǮǼұĿͻСҽ˵ӦһӲˣⲻڰԼĿͻøɲԸ⣬Щġ
СҷӦϻǹִ˵Ϊã˵ûԶû취˭ǽСҵףСֻܼȰ:СҴıôΪԺң
ӦϽŽɣжȻǾ취ûаŵ㣬ǽСҵĻȻûʲôÿζǶԵģЩûеӦϲò˺ܾãԸŽСһš


64 
Ƿ˺ܶģҲ˽СûиһЩİ취СҡҡͷĿǰٵһ취ˣǻ᲻࣬ɴʧ
߳׵ľ룬˾һԵﴫһЦʲô飬СҸԹǣֱߵҪϽȥңȻҪˡ
ˣ˵𣿽ҵӦǰʱǵҪңպðˣҵԱأﴫһĽСҽŲһ٣û뵽·϶Լˡ
ӦϺͽС˶һۣһͣ½ŲŵشսˣҪѶԻø
ϣͷʹһ˵Ļֻ첻м˵:ɲ˵ӦǸݽɫԶĺҪЮǵñŽӺϷּҡôĶӣȻǸǡסһҶоûʲôȫˣ
һ˼ӻ˵ԽԽˡСҿӦϵķӦֻӦϵɫѾ࣬žҪȥ฾ˡô꣬û׶ô˵ԼƽȻЩϵҲáû뵽ۣôܲ
С֪Ӧϻ˵ʵĻСҶһӻ𣬵ǳȥЩƴȻǲȡġ
ܿ죬СҶ˵Ķͷ˵ĻĶˣ˶ܳΪʲôҲҳ͵ȴϿŭյӦϣԼԱĽСҡ
˽СҲʶһŮˣһ˵ļҸͦԶģСҼΣһֱǽġ
νĴһСҶˣɫȻͱˣǿʲô˵Ķһεת˵:Ǹ㣬һ£ˣྡ˵꣬ͼҴҵˡ
ȻûϵӦϻӦϵģȻղǵ̸ȫӦϸˣӦϲŻ˲ƵĿ⿴
룬һӦϪĸִԣ;ûʲôµˣӦˣ˶ǸɴʹųӭӦϵķѡ
Ӧɫ࣬ΪСҵİοƽϢһ飬ʱҲһҪȥܵģҲһҾ͸ҽеģС룬ǰ:ɺã
һ£û뵽Сҿڵһ仰ԼԼʺãʲô˼
СûķӦҲֱ֮ǰ飬˵:Һպ˵ˣҪȥǮķӣ˳ЩҲȥһ£һֱ鵽ڣҾͲˣ֪ǷҪȥ˵кô
ʱˣ֪Сҵʲôӣ˵ǰ治Զһ壬ȥȻӦϾͿԱˡ
Ȼǲ̫ܵģӦ˵Ǯ֮Ȥ󣬵ϺӦϵĹϵܸȤ֪߽棬˭һأڽСҺӦƨɺҲȥ˽ңܵõʲôĻҲ෹̸ʡ
СҼ¶һĨײ΢ЦȥҼأôʡĹ
ѾԶԶӦϺͽСңæܵϵϣӦϵļƣ֪˽ŵӦϲѰˡ
һӦϵļƣҲˣܿ׿ŵˣӦжѲҲð򷢻ȥ
һٴеģжӦϵӡֲ˼֣ĵӦɨ˼£һȻŤŷǰӦϴкȥˡ
ƽϵܲҪΪϻʱʱؾ͵Ӧǰ졣ʱߣ֪ӦϺô˼һ±˶ԽҵĿʱЩ
ӦһžͶϺϴһ飬оӦϴûеôȹһӦ϶ֱӽԼӣǽҲǲƵģӦǳʲôҩˣ
̣һЩǡСҰͷĴŵϵϣȻԹԵϿ͸ˣ۾ʵ:ˣʲôУ
С¶һ˫а۾ʵ:ˣѲǷ˼ң̾ͲҪˣбƳ˽СһۣƲƲ:˭֪ǸЩʲôµľˡ
СҲϵĻԷ磬һ͹ˣһԵϷһԼˣǿ:̣˵̸̸顣


65 빤
˽СҵĻ΢΢һ䣬СҺӦѾ֪ˡСҸӦʹһɫӦᣬ˵:ˣû˻ǣרҼȥģҪô֣
ϳһ죬ȻûϵӦϻô˵ɲӦķӦΪӦϻᳶƤͬԼġ
ϻھȵУӦֽ˵:ҵǾǿһСʱƶô򣬲ȻСҪչ˺ӣҪũģӦֲôҪٹһ˲С˵Ӧϼ˳˼
ҪǿɣһԵĽС˵Ҫһֲ̵ֲæ̻Ĺġ
æҪֹС˵ģ˿Էθڶûˣƽó˭Աǵù
ǻûϿڣͼ۷ŹʽСҵ:ƽ﹤ж٣ڼУȥйãҲǲȺܴʧ
ϼæСҴɫʾ⽪СʱԳͼۣҪôߣҪô͸͵Ĺ꣬һԱ
κνСҿûһֱָۣͷڵ:ʮͭÿ죡͡
һǮ۵ľˣĹСطɲǼű˻˹ʺˣȻֺ¡
ϲˣǿܹΪԱǿôõĹʣҪˣϲ֮Աϲ˵:У
һ㶣ôͲˣΪ仰ɫҲСæվԲ˵:ʲôģҿͷǳãΪڿ죬ֺ̹ϵôã໥԰ĵ㣬Ҳ±ġ
ҲʶԼ˵ĻЩʱˣȻϵͦĸƤһ򵥵ͻ˱
˵ʹˣȽЩ㣬˿ɲáæһϵĻתŭΪϲ˵:ˣʲô۲۵ģҪ˿ɲģͱһһЩ﹤ܲװأ
һ̸ԺϿʼ׼֪ӦôͻȻôˣǼȻôõĻᣬȻ
СӦϻ˼ңֺǺǵػؼңҪϢҵġ뵽ԭȥҿϷģõĺôͰ¶ˣڽҵʱҲӦϴµķƺûдеĲ
ﱾһˣһصҾ͵ԼҵһݹߵĹǰݽСҺӦͣȻһֱ˵СҺӦϵĺáｻõҲһʮʮ٣Ҷ֪¡
˷׷ӦϴţϾôõĹ꣬ҲǷԺӦ׹ϵԼҲȥ﹤
ӦϾ˵ֺõ飬йҰûõϵĸмȴԹһͨŵ֮׷˵ϺĹˣϢٴδɢȥҿʼϺӦϸĹˡ
֮ǰһֻɱõļһѶӦϣרӦϲġӦϽӹһ˿죬Ȼûбֳȷǻϲġ
֮󣬽ϺнȥңӦ֪ýȥæɻǿѾòˣû뵽ϺͽϺȻôߣнȥǰæ
æѽһߣ˵:ҪǻҲæɵĻͲٻˣȥǼסŰɣ
΢˵ͷӦϲͬ⵹ǺϺģϾȷҪôߣǸŽϺȥһˡ
ûȽӽţϾֱӿڵ:ӰҪ׼һԺǸɵɣʵǲˡ
Ӳ̫ãҡͷ:УﺢӻС̯һҲܲˣҲҪֲ빤
ϺһӾȻܾԼʱըëˣŽӵı:ĹεĶһöûУæѣĵģаԺͱ۽ҵţûĶӣ
Ϊѣ߶ڱô죿ʱϹ˵:ͷӣôأ˵ĻȹæԺԺ˵
룬Ϊѵص˵ͷؼҵ·ϣһֱ룬һæҲǰ֪Ӧϻ᲻˶Լأ


66 
صңӦϿӵɫ֪ʲôҲȽӽʲôûὪӾֱϴϴ˯ˣ½ӿվš
ڶ콪ӾȥҰæǲɹŪΰʣӦϵǣæһ죬ϱÿλؼҽɫÿӦ֪Ὢˡ
׼һУ͵Ͻȥˡǵ˺öҲûϢһŷ֣Ѿ˽ȥæûйԼĴ㡣һ֮ĴｪϺԶŵĻǵھǶԽϺһ˺Ǳġ
Ǿǲҵϣ飬Ϻܲͷذˣ˵ʱ仹빤պҪʱȻ
ԭõļƻ˿գưոݣѾԼҵһݸ߹ĹӾʧȻǲˡһʱ䣬ͶǶԽϺҲõķ֪һǵĽɫ
ΪӱϽȥæ̯еӦǸ㲻ģ̯ҸãӦϺͽСҼҲֻܴڼżʳõȥ
еûŵʱ򣬽СҾȥתתɿ½̯ͽȥһ¡½Сˣæӭӡ֪Сһҵ֮ҪýСһҵ̯̯ԲɣȥǰæСˡ
Сæ֣˵:ã׼ȥǶܶ»û˵ֶӦûò
Сҿ½̯ʱ̯չĲΪǮˣζֺܺãԺܹǵĻӭ˺ܶ࣬Ҳͺܺá
ʱиɻĹ˽СҸ˵ֻҪȥæһ棬ЩȻǳ⣬ﲻԳԵ棬ǺˣܵõϰⵥϲԽԽˡ
СҰȥ齻½½Ǳߺܿ촫Ϣ˵öϰ忴ôϸҪأĲ͹ʵģĵطļǮҲ
һҹãڶ콪Ӿװ棬׼ͻȽ⣬ӦǿҲҪȥ棬ȻĲûؼˡԽҲûиϴкֱӾȥˡ
Сһѣ׼Žһȥȴ½:ϪȥЩӵľɲһԶģ·ҲȫһŮӼңôСǲҪһȥɣڼҴűȽϺá
Сû뵽һأʵ:ɽ𣿡ԭʣû뵽½ĵͷ˵:ܻ·ҪСһ㡣
СҲ֪½˵滰ǻ˵ģѾȥˣʲôɽˣԼȥҲûʲôãӵٶȶѡ
һ˾ڼҴţһֱϽӲŴһϲصңӦ׬˲ǮҲûʲôɽˡ
ȲóӸӦϼ˿ӦԼ֮࣬лһЩ˵ԺÿһҪȥģԼһ롣
ӦʱܸˣЦúϲ£죬Ҳ֮ǰܵıȫˡ湩ӦһһԹԺһ棬һ˺ò֡
֮ÿ죬ǽӿһصȥÿնض飬һ첻ӣæˣҽһˡ
Ӧ֪Ӧϣ˵ϵĵ꣬һ뽪Ӱæû취ƴǡ˳
һţӦϾͺһһӦϣʰһɫȻšһʵ:ڼ𣿡
ӦҲšһ֪ûɶ£϶ҽӻȥǵæЩ콪Ѿ˺ܶæˣӦ̯ôĹ˵ûй꣬ӦȻǲԸ⡣
ֱԹӦϣͷ:ӣһ¡ԭӦϰŶͷֻӲͷƤ뿪ڽнӻȥæӦϾһ˵:Ҳ⣬СҪȱ֣͸Ͻɩйȥǿûôʱ㵢󡣡
һˣʲôеҶӸ黹õָֻŵ𣿡ųŽ:ûĵĶһ仰ҪҪȥæģ
ΪѣӦϣӦһ:ҪæȥҸ﹤ÿҪȥ棬ûôʱǴѵС


67 ÷
һԭǼһˣѹֲԸȥԼСæˣ͵:ԭû갡һˣȻôƽϣˣһͭ壿ҪҪǣ
ӦЦһϵСһĹҲһ׬Ǽ׬ǮϺȻ˼˵ҪԼ΢ԼֱЦ
аܸ𹤳꣬ȻԸȥСæӦϲ˵һסϵǷֲ˵ġ
Ȼ֪ڼǮ϶ֹǶʮͭ壬ʶʵ:٣ֻ֪ӦϻῪߵļǮ
Ӧһָͷ˵:һӣԭΪ˵һٸͭ壬ӦʨӴ󿪿ڣһһӣŵò˵
ΪǵϵʺضǰƲƲ죬Ӧ˵ļǮֱ˵ΣӦϵ˵:ǵϵʺ
ϸӦϣȴȻס˵:˵һһӣӦƳһ۾Ͳ˵ˣȻĬˣȵòʹȥԭΪӦʨӴ󿪿ڣҪһӰƻȥתһ룬Ӧϸұ֣϶Ϊһôࡣ뵽Ѿˡ
֮϶ǻصҵģڼôǮɴ٣ԭΪԼ⣬ñӦϻ࣬ڿ˵εŶԡ뵽ͻȻͺ˵ҪӦϷּңӦǿҡǮûзּңѾʼǮڼУһۻġ
ӦͷѾ˲ٵǮѰ˼ò׼ȻһЩǮǷ˼ҲоңǼɩӿɲǳصġ
ڽСҵͬ£Ӧ˼ѼңǰǷµӻֺͼ河ԹྡɩӼӦôǮˣòӦʲô׬ǮӦֻ˵˲Ǯ
ɩӽŽɣҲûôǮģӦȻ˵ˣϻǲģǵӦʱ˶ǮӦЦЦ˵:ǾͲòˣ׵ʱұ׼ܰǮȫػϡ
ϼ̽ʲôתʵϴεɣؾ˶ǮӦѾѧˣЩ˶ǼǮۿģ˵ĶˣЩ˱׼ַǵҪѧû˼
룬˵:ǮɣؾƲҲǾҲͱƽľƹһѣûǮ
һ룬ӦϺҲ˶ӣɣؾ˵׻ǾƣֲܱɻƽжֵǮ뵽ְעӦϵ̯棬ӦôʱôҵĻҪ࣬п϶ʲôһĵط
ϰ:ǽǮˣӦһǹӣҲ֪ʲôʱܳˣӦҲϸ˵С
ӦȻ˵Ļ˼˵Լҷƣ뵽Ӧֻܿ˵:ʵֻǰŪ˸ȻõȥˣһӲ࣬Ҳ١
һ:Ǹ⣬ŶöУ϶ǺܻӭġҲӦ͵:԰ҪҲЩóȥ϶ӣ
ϵĻĿ⿴Ӧϣƺ뿴ʲôӦȻҲҪӦϴ𲻴Ӧˡ
Ӧϼô˶Լ㿴Сң˵ЩǺ⣬ڽСҵ˵ͷ֮£ǳһЦ˵:ȻǿԵģԺ󰡣ڣ϶Ŵһԣ
ʱϵ˳ְѻתɣؾϣȻӦ˵ûжǮ֪ɣؾӦҲжˡʵ:ҪҪǶһЩɣؾưɣҾͦúȵģҲ֪ȥǮ
ǮȻǷǳģС˵ǸƵķֻ֪ѼӦϺٸӦϣ˾֪Ҳ
ӦϺ취ǮȻǿԣǮӦҲԣҪľȥǮǲܵġ
ʱӦϺ˵:ɣؾԭϲʱѾûжɣˣҪɣؾƱҪÿڲ黹ǿ˵
˶˳ӵص˵ͷڼͷ˵ĻҶǹԹԵ˳ӣû˸Ҷ졣
СҴԼĴóһ˵:үǰʱŪ÷ƣɣؾǲĶ
ӦϺŶһʢһ룬һСڣҰҰ죬ֺһСڡϤȻ֪Ʒʱض̬


68 
Сһ˫۾ӦϺ:ζôֻӦϺ˵ͷ˵:ǳҼҵţҲԼģ
Сͷͷɲҵѧű˵ĶóֶѡӦϺ˵ԺЩ־ƣǺ⡣
׬Ǯķӣһ˶ӶˣҪʲôСԽӣѾܾûгԹˣ뵽ЩַΧԽΪʡи˽СҵĽ飬ʼæ
䣬СҶԼǰһӣĬĬһڿˮô룬ܳ𣿡һôҪҺ͸繲һɣСҵҪ˵ǰҲǿǿȥģһСӵ̬ǳԵҲԲѽ
ϿŽСݲģ۵:㾡ܳԾˣԲ˵ĻﻹС
СһЦôܲһ͹ͽС˳Եˡ˵Сȥ˸뽫ŪһС룬Ȼſԡ
극֮ӦϻؼңСռɣأȻɣؿҪ伾ļˣǻǿ̳Ƶġ
󣬽СѾҵɣضŽ˾̳ʱӦӦҽӽСˡӦСԭһԿţֱСҪţʱӦСͻȻҪӦϻؼҡ
ֱӦС£ֻнС֪ӦС֪ʲôҲȥˣѲ㲻һСƨ
صңӦԣûаҪȥӣɫҪӦСסͽСһȥѧ
СҲڵ:԰סɣ̫ԶˣһһȥѧҲи顣ӦС˼סţҲûƴǡ
СԼͥԺȻżһϤζƺŹʲô㰡С滺ζʵһԵĽСҲ쳤ᣬ˵:ſڵĻˡ
СһţſȷʵżſһֱûעտǼ˲Żôġ
СңʲôССóʵСҡһعǵûǿԳԵģԷк֣֪ܶܲûԵóȥ룬⻱ܲܳء
СЦһСǲǶˣԶˣ⻱ôԳأϪ壬ÿһ˵ԣƺЩЩҩ˵ѪֹѪй֮Ч㣬Ǵû˵
ʱӦҲ˼˵̸չ˵:⻱ɳԲãû˵ⶫԵġ
С˼һ£˵:⻱ĿԳ԰ɳԵҩһ塣СһСҵĻʵ:ⶫҪôԣ
С룬ӼеǰĻʳȻӦϼ˵:ۺĻһһСԺܲ͹ӣǻһˣĻ÷õһͳɻˣ˺ܺóԵġ
ӦϼһɵˣЩû˵СѾŪ˺öֵֹĶˣû˸˵ĻȷⶫԻӣһԵӦССҵô࣬ʹܲƾʲôСĶһа϶ǸŽѾѧģܵŪ
С֪ӦСͷּһСС;ֳԴףôҲǶʮˣСһʶӦСû׷Ź⣬һм˵:Ҳ֪˵⻱϶ܳԣ
С޿̣ȻֻһӣôҲôˣӦһЩȻһٶԼǽСŭ:³ԻӣǱ㲻ҪԾˣʡҵĶ
ӦСС˵ֻһ˫ԲԲ۾ŽСңκνСҶġвȫ⣬Ǹû˶һӦСӻˡ
СԽСҵ˵ܸȤͽС͵ƣҹȥժժһ֮ŻصҼ˰ѻϴɾˣӦСͻӣʱķ磬յüСֱˮ
ʱ򣬽ӸպûȥնôŻм䶼ûʱЪЪšһžżһ㣬֫ķһӷ׷ɢȥӺϲʵ:㰡ʲôһ··ҲֻһЩͶˡӦСò⻱ζܺãǲⶫ϶ǽСġ


69 
һΧ׼ƷЩʱ򣬽ѾˣӿѾҴҵģ˵:ԷûУҪҪһԻ
ѾԶżζʱӵ룬ر뵽ϵķԸֻס˫ְѼϣװһ־ģ˴к֮˵:ļֻʣЩˣʱļôµ˵Ҫ뿪
ӦϾĪûϸԼüΪʲôѾԼϻһǳһ
һԵӦСԭѾˣǿģǻûѾ˵ϻѾͺµܿˣѲӦһӾô£Ӧһӳû۸Ѿ
Ѿ⣬ǹװһ۸ģӦСὪһ˶ã˶ίЩµˡ
СŽѾҴߵģ:ôˣӦϿŽѾıӰʲôŶŽӱӰĽ˵:ʲôԷ϶Ϸ˿˳Ǽҳʲôö˵꣬ƳӦСı˲˭ӦС
ӦСӦϾȻ˵ѾǲұֳڽѾǰΪΪӦϻһ˿ηģҲӦǰ̫Ǿ˵:ôóԵĶҪҲѾһЩȥɣֻҪǶԽѾõĶŵ̬
СƳӦСһۣʣµĻãýСȥլǱߣӦС˵ҲһЩȥģȻҪϽˡ
ڶ죬һ첻ռֶóȥСһʳȥ˽ңҲ֪ѾȥʲôϿСʹ:Сӣʲô
СϵļһЩŰѶݸϣ˵:̣ĻӣҸһЩ
һѽСĻڵأ:ˣ򷢽лأֶܳԣҼҵļԣǳҲǰɣ˵ţͰǰɢι˼
Сϵľٶˣ˼ŷӦ۾ϵ:㣡ϿÿСһۣ:ûµĻ͸ϽҼҰۣ˵žҪɨϽСߡ
Сһί˽ҵţû뵽Լ̾ȻԼСĻι뵽رܣҲ
·ĴʶС󣬿Сģô£Сί˵:Ҹͻԣ̲Ҫѻι˼ְҸ˳
һ£̾ҡҡͷϵϪ嶼ģֻϧôɵӾȻҪ
ȥ֮Ӧæ緹ȴСһĲ˻ˣæǰѯʣСϵȫӦϣӦˣϲʶô
Թ֮һֿٵذѻɻͻӣõȥ½ԶԶͿСһˣæӭȥЩ죬ƺ춼ŽСȥһҵ̯תת
̯֮󣬽СҴӱ¨óõĻʳ½˳½ԭûĶȻжóԣ֮󣬼ɴӡôǻ֪⻱ô໨
⡭Ҳģ½ȵʵȻѾ֪𰸣ȴϰԵһ䡣СҸ˵ص˵ͷű¨˵:ҴԴϲϲ½ЦЦⶫǻûϲĻûϲĶˡ
ҽǮΪ뻱ÿͭ壬ÿһͭ壬һԭĿ˿ЩǺ棬׷ҪһݵʳҲǸϰһӡ
СŻܿҪˣæʽСҪ˵ǮȥҸջֶͨ˼ҶûɶãǮҲ󣬵׬Щ׷׶ȥժˣԽСúٵǮ˼Ļ
СҺӦϴҴҽϴɾ½ѻʳȻڱͺãϻǮҲܹ˺ܶ࣬ųĶ顣
½̯ǡǡ෴̯λûʲôˣرǽ죬١ֻԶ½̯ϼˣú֡
ԼҵѾ½ζһˣǿȫ½Ƕˣʲô˵Ӧ϶Լʲôֽţ


70 ͻ
벻ģɻܵ½̯һƣ˳Ķ飬һʱ䶼ҲӦϵӰò׼˽ȥ½̯˲һĶ࣬ӦҲ߰æ
ӴⲻҴɩͦŶӲڼţ˲ɣ䳰ȷӦϿˣ˽˵ĻͷȵķŭȥͼһֻЬߵĻȷͷϡ
ɱЬ˸šͷϵĶʲô֮󣬽ʱˣЬһ˦ڵϣָЬŭʵ:˭ģ
ʱСҼҴܳϺǸ˵:Ӵùˣ˼˼ЬҲ֪ôģԼͷȥˣҲ˵̫ȱ˰ɣ̲סˡ
ԱߵĹ˿һҲﲻʲôģǶ˽䳰ȷЩˬˣ˽СҵĻýӶЦ
ɫ࣬û뵽Լֻ̲̽ס˵䣬ôǰСЬӣ˵Ī衣
ԭҪǿôˣкܶʶģˣǸӶˣһˣԷôˡ
Խƽһ飬˵˾:ҿɲСһʶȻƳ˼۴ЩʲôȻ˺üֵֹĶӦ̯ҲУһƣ·ղŵһжûзһ㣬ʵ:ʲô
Ӧû˵:ղŽ۸СңɿģڽȻû˶һзơ
ȴûʲôоӺʵ:Ҫô
СԽΪܷУֲôԼʱȻ̽ԼһķӣǲˬŽһ˵:Ͳ㣬ԡ
ԭûȥڱСһ仰ָƾһȥպñ½ץסˡ
һԭ̯ĵЩ̯ٵ⣬Ȼ½ƺûҪ˼ǿ½½ְӦϣһ
½:ҵ˭أôպӦϴһòᰵ˰ɣȻᴦάӦϣ
˵ʲô½קŽֱʵüгŭ½ԣ˵ʲôãǽ⻰Ĵĵߣ˶Դ˵棬Ӧ϶ǼĻ¡֮ǰжƢ˿ȴǼ׺ݡ
½һֳ½̫ľ鲻ᣬ˿Щ£½ɷģû뵽ƽº͵½ŭȻģ
СҼˣͰ½ק˻Ž͹ˣʱ˸Żˣһ֮ʲôʧȥǵѸˣϾɢǿʲôһټٵĶܱġ
½һţҲһ㣬ɫ߳½̯кǲֿǳԻԵôãҲȥջͲţСŪЩȴŪ
ʱ֣СҼѾĲˣʣµһ㽻½УǴӦһȥǮֻȻ˼ҡ
սӻñȽ磬ƺһûȥСҪӽɱˣȻ󽫻ڼļֺóֶ档
ʱ򣬽ϺĵܵӼˣһӾȻɱԣɱֻ:ǣôôûõĶ
Ӧǿ˽ϺͼǿӦɱֻҪһ԰ˣӦϸкһ£ôϺҲǵĵǽϺӦһۣתˡ
ӼϺʲô˼ѲɻǸ͹ȥ𣿼˶ֻĬһʰһ¶ҪϺһֱȥӦϲˣǳѾǺܲˣϺȻԼףǾ˭Ҳԣ˵ţֻһ˾ʣµ̲˳ٷ
ڶ죬Ӧ׼̯Ķʼȥ̯ˣȻжЩ㣬ܴڼҲһ£Ҫ档
Сû취ֻͬˣھӼҵһ׳ʵС̧˶ʮͭ壬̧ȥ
СͽСһȵ˶ʱӦϰæʱôһοţϻҲǵһָŻݡ


71 ӣҾ
ϳԱһӣڶϲͶҵϲϹһݻСҾ˳Ժͻһԣҷ׷׾Ż棬ͬ˴ĴָⶫֺóԣֲԺܻӭ
ʱϺͽϺ߹ϺһǸմӽĿȿȴӦ˿ˣԺܲ⣬Ե
϶˿ǻǰ˵ãӺãϹͷˣֻܸɿˡҲûԹһóԵģûһĸʲôѽ
Ӧϵ˼Ļûи͹ȥѾ֪飬ԲʱһֱŻ˵:֮ǰǸ͹ȥ𣿿ԼҪι˼ԣǡ
һѾ͹ȥˣϸһ£ڼ콪СǸԼһʲôֻιˣȻֳܰתתӣ˵ЩѽЩȫˣǶһûء֮ӦٸһЩ
һԵĽСϾȻ֮ͣǰܵίȫӿֱ֮ͥ˵:Ųأ̰ѻιˣۿġ
һˣԱ߻һЩڳСĻԻԱΪһôˣѽСӣʲôʱ򿴼ˣԼϾˣүүȫˣ˵ʲô
СĪЩҪߵͣ˭˭СҸϾھ˵ٶ࣬ҲԼģװ˷ǵĿˮˡ
СҼǸӦģʵǿۣͶ˵:̣ǲǰѻȥǮˣСС͵ĺӣЩֵֹ뷨ϡ棬ŽС˵:ǲǮҪСóԵĶأ
Ϸ˸ۣСҵ֪ⷬʣСҿ϶֪ѻˣԲҪǮǸˣҪˣǲҪ˵İˡ
ϲֲܱһӿڴͳǮСͽСһһǮһûҪȥͭ壬͵ʴס
Ա߿ֵ˿ϾȻͳôǮ׷Ц:δҲ̫ˣԼŮӾȻֻһͭ塣Ͽ˵񣬾ЩȻæ˸뿪ˡ
Էʱһ˾Լ̯Ͻˣ˵ǳԹܶˣζͬһγԵʱǰá
ʰŶͼڷһȺС˿ȿĻǽС󣬵Сһʱ벻ôƺڷ磬һֱָҡСҵ֡
СһȻڷ磬ʶеڷǴڲ͹˻ϴˣڽйģû뵽￴
ڷǳ̯̯ǰͣ½ŲŽСңСҳڷЦЦ˵:ô³ѽ
ڷҲЦЦɫ:רġԶ·ҵСҵ̯ģԭΪôҲһ̣û뵽Ȼ¶ģĲ͹ݱһĺס
СЦˣҲ֪ڷǶأʵľǵעܿͲˡڷ˽Сҵ̯ۣ˽С̯һŵĻͻ֮Ķ֣ʲô
ֻŵûİӣǱߵǻСҴڷ罫ԳһڣһԵСǽţӳԻԻӡ
ӿСĽģ̲ס˵:İɣⶫǿԳԵģô˳ˣû¡ڷ˵˵ͷǶЩƳɵʳͬЩζܺá
Թ˻ڷ˲ʵ:ɣؾôˣ
ɣѾҪлˣɣؾҲǺܶ࣬ȹұ͹ȥСʵش
ڷһƨǼҵİϣϽµģ̵ΰʮΥͣڷ粻⣬˵:ӣҵļڣ֪᲻ӣҾƣʵѾ˴𰸣϶ɾƣӣұضҲԡ
Сһ£ȷʵӣҵļڣ֮ƬӣҶûҪֶĴˣڷ治ǵˡ
ǣҲӣҰСʵ˵ȷʵҲӣҡ


72 Ӱ
û⣬ֻܽҾˣԸӣҾƻӣңҪҶڷ˵
Сҵ˵ͷеĹôһһȻûӣҾƣֻҪʵ鼸ΣȻеС
̸֮ڷ罫ӣҵĵַ˽СңֱȥˣȻ뿪ˣӦϿڷıӰƮƮĴţ̾:ʲôʱܹӾͺˡ
СסӦϵ֣˵:İһ죬ҲһǮġ
ŽСһģӦֻǰοԼˣͲˣ˵һһһֱ붼
û뵽ǣСҾȻʵȻǺˡ
Ժ󣬽С׼ŴһҪȥ伯У˳㿴ڷ˵ǸӣҵĵطһսǴʱͻȻһӰɲɵײ˽СҵϣССһѱײڵϡ
ǺӰʲôҲû˵ˣµĹȥԶˡСæѽСҷСֻ˷ǳ֣һԼǮӲˣֱӶӦϼˣǵӰɱȥ
ǺӰһʼܵĺܿ죬û¾ͱСҸ׷ȥСҼ´ڵءʱӦϺͽСҲӦ˹æ˹Сûˡ
ҿСƺѾѶԷƷˣҲûгԿСӦϴŶӵܣǵģҲûʲô󰭣ʱпǰײĺӰ
ϸһǽСҲŷһСӣϺںģѾԭģˣǿԿСݹ᾵ġ
ӻңСֶС˵СȴûκжûС˵ĻһӲûκжˣСȴԴпǺµģĿлһᶨܽСôŪϰӽû͵Сҵһ
СҶСˣоһ˿룬Ǻ˵:߰ɣԺҪ͵ˡ⺢ӦúɣȻҲ⸱ģЩǮ˵ǽ׬ģв٣Ҳһ°ɡ
СӰһ£û뵽Сһô׾ͷŹԼСҵкȻӿֳһ˿мܿʹӵ˽СҵģɿسȺС
ӦһСӶСӣȻЩᣬ潪СȥˡͬһĳӲˣ˭ûиǵʱء㽪СûиСӣҲһ
˺ܿڷ˵ӣĵطСҷȥȻ˵ӣұԭҪС࣬ǿǲ㹻ˡ
һ֮£ŷּǮߵˣͨˮĺüˡЩҲ׬˲ӣȻӣҵıǮҪȥ衣
ЩҪôԤһ͵Ϫ塣СҶһ̻˵༸̻׷Χ˵СЩҪģԵĻҴ˹ɡ
˿˽Сҵģ׷Ц˵ͨ˼ңǴ˼ңҲһôӣһȥһӣҼˡҿСһϴ÷׵·϶ʲôǮ˵ˣôôӣҡ˶Ǹӣˣͷˡ
Сһ֪̻ǾûǮ˵:İɣǺڷģӣҡڷͷ˶֪һȺȻѡŽСңϾڷǲģ㽪С˵ǼٻǶҲʲôʧֻѡ
Сҿ̻ǵķӦĵ:ڷͷʹڷô˵ģֻҪ֣ȻΪôأû뵽ⶼġ
ӣңСһȥ˺ܶĶڼǮˣӦϻУȻԼĺӣһ˺ܶණؼҡ
⼸Ϫ˶֪˻ֶܳˣĶζܲҿǮҷ׷ȥռȻѧͻӡ
ζǧӦҲģʳķӶ˵ˣܿ˶ʼҶӦ϶ǷǳмȻʱĻѾֵǮˣõȥǿԵġ
ڶ콪Сһֳȥ̯ҲòһοԸһȵԭĵطʱȴ֮ǰһֱõ̯λռˡ


73 ̯
ϳռ̯λ˾ǴֶţţƽԼаԵôܽסڹǿԼҵҲѧģѧˡ
һˣţǵ⣬ûȽ˵һ:ӴˣȻִ˼۽Ӽˣɫƣֵ:ô̯λɲ˼ͱˣ˭磬˭б£̯λ˭ĽүҾ̯λˣôΣ
ţţһ취ûУ˭ȨƵģ˵ύһѣ²ɣС죬ǸͻҲֲźôġ
ûа취ֻĬĬذ̯λŲԱȥţǵӣСһ
Ȼǻ̯λǿһû٣˼Ҿ׼Ӧζ׼˽ĻģܾòڵġλòǴǰǸЩƫԶǻǹǵġ
ţǱߣȻռ˸̯λ˼ҾǲԸȥǶм֪ȥҵ̯˼ڣζܲ⣬Ȼûȥˡ
ţŶûģȥӵˣǶԽӺܲ˳ۣŽӵ̯ϼˣţоر
ιţܵӵ̯ϺӹԶӿǾķȻҵ⣬ǻĲͷǰɣ
ԾǼʽӵ̯˶࣬ǵ̯λãҪǴߡһԵĽСʵţһĶãҪԭڱϣŭر:ƾʲô
ţŲʲôţ˵ĻӲôôû˸ҷġֻ˵:Ϊʲô˵ǹǾ͵ùպǺܵģ
ʱһԵĿҲȥˣ׷˵:˭ѽƾʲô˵㣿ţһţҲ˵ˣм̯ˡ
С룬ȥУţϪаԵģպʧʹӣסǽСطĸλ˲ٵӣǻԵĻ͸ȥһ̯㣬ԣӾͿ뿪ˡ
νСһţȽԶĵطţԼܺۺ졣
һֱȵʱ֣СҼڰѻòˣҲѾˣ׼̯ͼС˳Сҵ·˵:Сң㿴ǸǲǸС
С˳ŽСĿ⣬ӹսǴһССĺӰϸһЩ졣ҼվܾˣһֱڿС˵Сҵûע⵽һ㣬һֱæڲע⵽ӡ
ϸȥСҷ⺢ӹ͵ǮǸӣģûиı䡣С߹ȥŵǺ˼СЦЦʣµһһӸСк
Сһ£ܿؽӹӺȻɱȺСС̾һһֶˣԼղǲŸһЩԵģ
룬Сֺܿ·Ժ󣬿û뵽ǣÿҪ̯ʱ򣬶ῴǸСкһģССģÿνСҶһԵģ˺˽Сÿ춼ĵΪһЩʳ
ÿһ춼ҪСҵĶһνСҸһ棬ֻ촽ζʱ޿̲ҡҡͷ˵˾:ڻ
СЦЦСԽԽɰˣȻ˵:Ĳ𣿡˵ţǰҡһ£øζıǻ
СôһŪСӷ˼ˣСһһŤͷˣæϣ˵:˰ɣǻġ
Скڵ棬Сؿڣü͵˵˾:лл
СҿģСһ￴ҪˣҲ֪ЩʲôýСҺۡСһ￴ĳǺܺõģǣϤϤܲܰﵽһ
֮󣬽СɣؾҲѾˣǾýӸڷ͹ȥڷһɣؾڵˣһϲѾǧٱˣڶиˡ
һվƣһ߽֮ǰԤ˵ӣҸװϳؼңεɣؾ˲ǮСҸ硣
յңȴϺҲԼҵļſڣƺǹʲô£һӣңʮ𾪣ǳôҲûӣң˵һˡ


74 
һԵĽѾӣúܣȴֲֳܱӲֱӦҪӦϿ϶ǲģһʵʽСҵ:ôӣҸʲô
һӦϼǿ˽ѾСģƨһ֪Ҫʲôƨս˵:ܸɶǮ㻹ծ¡ǵͷ棬ǷôǮ𣿡
ѾӦó˵Լæ죬֪Լ˵ȥֵðһɡ
ѾˣǽϺܳˣӦŭ˵:ҪƵģ׼õңǰæƻծɷĵŲýϺôء
˭֪ϺעⲻӦϵ̣ƲƲ:ңҪ𣬿ɱˣǽҵϱˣ
Ӧһ̣û뵽ǽϺĵôߣǳŽϺ:ģѾͷ棬ȴ⳥ǮǴӦҽģǮб£˭
һӦϵĻװһ۸ģ:˰ﲻæˣǻҲûɶ˼ˣ
ӦϿϵĿأܲͷ֮ǰڽҲͰˣû뵽ڰҪܣʵķúܣǳ:ڻأҪ޾ͻȥޣҼҿޣķ
ϼжˣһͣһԵĽѾӦεԼͷ飬ҪôܽժѾܹˡ
ʱҪӻȥɻ飬ʱûнڣǻ϶æҹ˯ˡڲһ˼Ҫӻȥ
ӱҲԸȥ׬Ǯ٣ۣҪָֻŵģֲôܾԼ뿪һæʵ˵ȥҪȥɻԼˣ
ǽӼԸ˵:㻹ȥ͸˸ɻɣҲɰҲò˶ٹǮҲôˡ
ϲҪӻȥԼ򹤣ͿһǮĹ궼øˣ֮£ֻ⣬һҪǰ档
ǾôƳɸʪͣñ棬ӦĸֻҪˮͿԺʵһǷ㡣
ϱͽ̸ˣ˭ָˡһεǻشúܿ죬ϼ˵Ӧụ̂û취ֲϣֻôӦٽһ顣
óѣһʱоӦϹһӣҵ飬һӵӣң϶̲סһĭ
ⶫǮʵȫȻ˸ղóͻӦûػش:ⶫأⶼ󣡲ҪСôҲҪӣҡָ֮𵱳ϺҪѽСȥѾߵ顣
ӦϵĻûа˿ӦӦϵָһ㣬ڨڨЦЦȻǰҪӦϰӣҡ
ӦȻ֪ʲô˼ܾ֮ǰһΣӦϼٽŰᶫͷ͵˺Щȥʱû취ϵĶֻ֣ƽﲻôӦȻǿ͸ϣ֪Űᶫʱ͵ӣһȥ
ӦȻǲᣬ˵:ǺܿͿ԰ˣһ͵ģǸϽȥЪϢɡϺӦȥ˼ΣڰϸƵһȥˡ
ʱˣӦкǹҪǴԼѶӰȥл߶:һˣͲҪػˡ˵ΪϺãʵϾǰϸ߰ˡ
ҿôӣңĽһǽСƵģ׷׿޽С
ʱ򣬴ǷӵĹʣҲ˹ǷӵļܺãСȻѾסˣĺܶطҪٽȥϼеĵطҪװޣԽСҾѡ
Сæס˹ʣӣһôǣʱ˹ӦϿԼҵһӣң֪ʱܵûɶ£û˵:˼ҵĹŮģҼСȻûĸҲΪծܿࡣ
ߵӦϵĻЩεܿעͱһӣҸ˹ȥ·ղӦϵĳûڹ
ǴھӼҵһģҲʲôСڼҶҪ÷ҪģԼûУҲҪŪ֣ʱҲ˽СҼҵӣңָӣҿ


75 Ҫӣ
Ҫָһӣң˵ЩӣҶҵһӦϾû˵һ㣬ԶĻ
ӦϲãʲôһĺӣȻģһȻģӦʵǿ˳ۣȻҲͲøˣӣҺܹģҪһɵˣ
úʯİɣӦʵûȽشԱߵӦϾȻԼͲˣԺ
ӦϿЩСܲͷһòһԵĽСҶԽСܷУӦϲ˵ЩӣƵģܲ⡣
һԵĽСҲóǿһһСӶ⡣κһֱۣӾͰ˵ϣҪӣҡ
ʱ򣬽ҲҲǲʹģ뷨ǣӦϸӣҵʱҲ˳Ūʡ
СҿСӾȻϽСٴ˵ģһʵ̫ˣСҿķΪʡ£ֻܴӷóӣңݸ
˿СӣңƺţתתӣֲˣҪࡣ
Сһ޿̣Ǳ̣Сһѽӣս:Ǹҹȥ
ûƺӣľˣôߣô˿ţǵúúСһ١Ҳûаֵֻ취ӣңһﵷң˶ķ
Сôһ𣬲ŵסˣСһžĿ漴ɫصŽСңûСӸô˵⽪Сǳıӵˡ
ǿŲԽСҷ±ĿĲǷĻñ˽ӡ
һӱúˣվ￴ִҲ˼Ҳ˼ֻȫվ￴š
Ϊ˴εķΧ˷׷׼װ֪飬ŽСһٿޣ˵ܸɣ֪ȷʵǽСңӦһڹƻǰڽҵӦһҹ˺ӣܴһֶΪСңЩǴĿõġ
ΪСҵǾ仰ּôȥάСңǳҲûȥˣ˶ŴؽϺ״ȥˡ
Ӧϼ˿ŽıӰûаֵıʾתһʰӣҵ顣⼸֮ǰվһߣӦϲûκαʾȻһɾû˾͹ˡ
룬Ӧ˵:ղŵ¶лˣȵʱƵӣң϶Щȥ
һ仰ϲǿûָôӣҳԣӦϵĻǴ˼Ѫһ¾Ͱӣȫȥˡ
ϺҪڽ֮ǰͱСҸϻؼˣʱһСҾȻýԸĹŮҪŮúӶˣһ֮ͨýѾȥѽӽй
ôûĵĶҲ֪ʲô㲻óԶҲˣȻҷνС۸⽪СǷ裬úýѵѵвͨˣӻûţͱϺͷһٴ
ӶûôôأһĨᣬ˵:ҲãúõķҪȥʲô֣ûйܺöɩӷŭӣҲЩܳԵģдôɩӲӦõģͲҪˡ
ǽСڳ϶һ۾ͿװǽϺϹĨֻԸŮ˷ǳί֮ǰԼӦõĴ￴ӦϺͽСԽˬˡ
Ϻ˽ĻһѽӽĿģҪúùܹӦϺͽСңĸŮԣʵǲ̣
߽ڽҰǱӦڼﵣŽӣ½ϺùѪͷֻ½ӽӣ˵˳ʱϺ֪ӣûлԼҵǮҪʲôС˼ˡ
ͷſİɡСȰ˵Ҳ˵û˵ĵĲС˵˳ҲԽСжӰ죬ӦϵĵĴġ
ãȵ˵ʱ򣬽ϺŷŹӣȥ飬һǸһЩʯһǸһЩӣҹղûиӣңؼ֮˵£ҵڶԽء


76 ϱ
ӻ֮Ӧϰ˺ʯȵ׼ͺʯȥҵʱӦϿ˰죬ʲôҪ˵ԥ˺ܾãڻǿ:ҪǻǸ͵ӣҹȥɡ
Ϻ飬ҲòԳ˺ܾòŸӦ˵Ҳ֪ӦͬļʼûС
ȻӦϽǿһ壬ǲͬ⡣Ҳûа취ǱߵҪģǲùȥҪϺˡȰӦϵ:׻СòǾͰݰݣòҪΪУҪദ
ӦһͲˣָŽӵı:ǻǺӣŮͲǺǰɣƽίʱûôģ˼ҵĺҪôʲô
ӱӦ޻˵ƽıЩǿ⣬Щ飬ӦϵָҲ˼˵ʲôˣֻĬĬذźʯȥ˽ҡ
Ϻ˺ʯȴûõӣңöԽһͨֻĬĬسţҲǵĸо治ôá
һ󣬹ŽϺҲˣӴͷɥ˵һ:Ҫûʲô飬ҾȻȥˣﻹҪǷءϺһ⻰ȥĻֲˣûϢһΣӾֱ߳˽ңֵĽϺ
ϿΣ߷Ȼ:ûĵĶҪץǵծвǣͰǶϳˣ
ЩĽѾἰծżӦϽӶ˵飬ҪôвǣҪҸ취ϽˣȻܻܿͷһˣɲ
С˼ǰְӣ͵ӦϺӦϺôӣңȻԾδʲôõ˼ֻӦϺԾʵ:ǡʲô
Сһ߰ӣңһ߻شﻹڸǷ˶ӵģڼﲻ㣬үƵ豸㡣
ӦϺ˵ͷͬˡһ죬һ˶Ӧң׼æƵ飬ƵӣҪʵĸãӣٷȥɾͲˡ
˷ֹӦϺͽСӺӦϼ˸֣ϾûѧƣҲ
һһֱæҹǰôӣҸˣʣһЩòرÿģӦҵļСһ˷һ⻹һЩ׼Ǽˡ
ӦСŽСҺӦôŬǮծͷֲǴģôʲôæµıӰӦС˼ȥֻ뵽һɣǾ:ͷʵǽСңѾֻǸڹģӦϲŻΪôŬǮ϶ǽСŪͷ棬߸Ѿġ
ôţѾʵˣͷ̫򵥡
ڶӦСţͿϴ·ĽѾѾӦСк߽ѾҪѴͷ洳һӦСһǽСҼ޻ѾģĿͬȻ˵һȥˡ
Ѿ˵ûӦСԭΪͷǽСݽѾģڽнѾ׿ڳϣǰٷ֮ٵš
İɣѾһģҪýСһһףӦСһĿᶨؿŽѾʱ˹ˣӦСæͽѾȻ뿪ѾͷӦСӦС϶ܿժˡ
ӼҪǷҪӦϺæӽĲԼȫ˵ӦңǾͿԿʼרĸǷˡ
ʮŬڴ֮ǰİƷɹɣСҲһԼķӣҪԼúװһ£ԼķĵذҪľʵĵذ壬֮ǰķӵذľʵģһжװ֮ǰģҲǶǸʱһֻ
УӾܾľʵĵذʲôãֲɨҪ˷ôǮ˷ô๤ĵذҪͬһֲʡ
Ӧֲͬ⽪ӵ˵ˣ:ôͲˣǮһһĲСҰģŪذôˣŪذǮӦһٿըɹýͬˡ
ﲻ֪ӵķѾһж깤ˣϾ֮ʱСҼҵ·ӣϱҲ⣬ŽСҼҵ·һԼҵƷӣв⼵һ
غӦ˵:ǼѽǮˣǣסǸƷ


77 
Ӧ֪ϱǸʲôˣ⻰˵᲻ģ϶ǵĽʮļʡ
ҪĵأһҲǿԵġӦû˵
ҼǸֲǲ֪Ƕ˵׵ǮûУﻹܸ·Ŷϱ˵ˣСɩӣǸԣˣǻأǶӶûǮ˵ˣҪͰæҸɣ
ӦЦһ£ȻûģԼҵǮûأƾʲôҪŴһǮǮķӱ˭˭ܶԵģû߱ˡ
ɲУⷨҹŮģ˵ܸκһˣ˵ˣҼȻ˷ӣΪǷּˣûеطסŸǵģﻹкܶծûлأҲûôǮ
֮ܶǾܾϱ󡣶Щ˵òϱһӻңӦϼۣûˡ
죬Ӧһ棬һϣͿϵĴԼ۹ܲƣСߵһǰʱ򣬺Ȼͷʲôϸһһ˵:˵ǽ֮ǰһͷ棬֮ǰ˵ǽѾģȴǽСҴģѾֻǰ˼Ҷѡ
ɲѹӦǮѲΪһӦ͵
ԱһҲ:˳ɾҲ룬ӦôڿܵĶĶˣ

СΪʲôǿǵЩˣڿ˶飬ӦԩͷǽѾŪģתȻֵˡ
Ӧüͷð̣϶ϸĹҪȥۡس嵽ҵլǱߣӦϽһߣѵһű߿ˡ
ԭڼɨģһһӦĳ˽֮ǰҲ̸۵ݣȻ֪ӦϴΪʲôæԴ
ӦһݾͿģȷɢҥԵľϣֽϵĶһң:Щ˵Ͳǹǰɣ
һٿΧΧŵĿֵˣ°ѽѾ˵˳æװ֪Ӧϵ:ôˣ
Ӧƽһ飬ŭָص:ǲɢҥԣ˵ͷǽСҴģ
ϡӴһ:Ҿ֪Ϊ¶Ĳģ㲻Ҫ฾Ϲ˵
һԿֵɫ˲£⻰˼˵ǳ฾ǵȷܸȤҲϲ˵ⲻԸⱻ˵ɳ฾
ӦϿɲһףϣû˻ɢҥԣ˵˭أӦû:㻹˭ϱǷǵǰɣȻң˵꣬ܲذҲˣҲס
ȻΪͷǽСҴģһŭӦˣĶôҲܲסӦôˤѽ
Ӧ˺һˤһһﲻϵ˵:ҸǣҪҰ˵ҪǳԲ˶ߣ
ҲǺǵģһӦô˵ˣȵӦˣػȥ
ߵЩ˿ӦˣǵҲͿˣ׷һɢ˸ԼȻ˵ǳ฾˺ܶİˣҲǿˡ
ΧڽҵʱһӰڽҵſڣȥǰʣ﷢ʲô£ʫߵѾ˵
ӰȻʫߵѾͷʫܿȥȥˣʱʫĶ߶Ｘ䣬ʫƤ˲ͻϲˡ
˵ǸҵѾͷļңʫʵѾͷͷб˼ƽϡ
ΪصĹϵһֱע⽪СңһֱСҶһ˳ģûгԹڿСҳԱȻûеõʲôôȷʵĵòˡ
ܿʫͷӦˣΪСϲĿģɲ㣬뵽Ȼӿһ⡣
ʫѾͷĶ߶Ｘ䣬ȥмˣϪ˵˵ͷǽСˤġ֪ԽԽã
Ѿͷַɿȥˡʫôһ£ȻܺãQŽŲȥɢȥˣû뵽þεȻܵõôһ֮ϲǺˡ
СΪôȥˣϾǴֽһȴ˿ҷһ˶ܲµó
û뵽ǣڶŵʱ˲һ̸ۡ


78 ׹
˵𣿴ͷľǽСңҲϺͽѾǶôõСһţ仰
˶۴£׷˵СҺӦϲҪǵӦڼƿڴ˵˺ܲмĶӦ˵ʲô˲ѽô٣ֻϪ嶼ûӦϵ֮ˡ
Ӧû޲óȥ˴һ٣СڵѾǽԷһپƽϢ˵ģ취Ǽҵ˾û֮ˡ
Ź죬˵עѾתƵ˱𴦣Ҳûע飬ֻͻȻģһЩ˴ϴϢ˵ҵѾͷ׿ָϣͷǽСҴģһϢ˲ϯϪ壬ֶ顣
ӦһϢٴ÷ҵѾͷǴðģ϶ʶҪԼԣ
ѾһİѽСҸƼˣСһ᲻ֶεĽԼҪСҵ˵ʱͳΪϪʸ֮ˣ²ڵĽСҺù
ȴΪȻʮֵĶԽѾ˵:û£Ҳû͡ϣʲô˼
ɵѽ㻹ǲǵϢ˭ģϿѾô⣬ֻ
Ѿʱɵ㶵ģ˵:ҵѾͷ
ϿѾһĪʵǺɸ֣ѾĲ㽪СҴĶ֮һ
ҵѾͷǷ׷ǹʣҪǣȻڰǣǾ˵ҵ뽪С˽˶ԹҪϺúСҡε˵
ӣѾǻζˣ⽪СһֱҵүعҵʫҵүŻԼҵʫԺ뽪СҵĹϵԲŽɷ磬úСҡ
СҲɵ϶Ѿ飬취أûմԼҥԹ治ɢȥģҲûҪ顣
ӦߣСǰҵѾͷԼûʲô˽˶ԹǾֻпҵСҪԸԼˡ
뵽СһһֱԼĺأҲ˺غҵСһλԼ
ͳˣһеԴͷΪأСֻѺرһ١
Ӧ϶ҲҪȥҸСۣ˳СҺͺص飬´ٸԼʹӡ
СæסӦϣУҵСȻʹֵӵķ꣬϶һʲô˾ӣǸΣ϶ϲǵģ˵˸˺ǾͲֹһСˣҵ˶ǵĵˡ
ô죿Ӧż˵һžͻᱻָָ㣬ܲЩοҲԸ⽪Сί
СҿӦǸżģ֪ķǳˣæ:ȱżӣʱҪ취
ò׽ӦϰãСֿûкõļıǾȥ˳ӣҾƣѾˣװӣҾ׼ȥڷȥ
һϣ֮ǰ棬вʶȻҲв˶ָָ㣬ѡԡȻǰһӰСϸһֿǸ͵ǮСк
֮ǰΪкܶ飬һֱûа̯ȻҲһʱûмСˡǰãͼСɿܹ˽Сһһ׹ܿˣСȻûϵס
ͷ׹ɫŨˣûҲûԵ覴ã滹һСҲ֪ʲôĶ׹˷Ǹ󣬽СȻ֪׹ͨ˼ҿӵеġ
ôõ׹СǴģѲ͵ģǸ˵Ҫ͵ˣ˵ⶫСԼģͷɾʹˣⶫȷʵŵĶ
һԵӦȻע⵽һ㣬ûпС˽СʲôΪСֳ͵ˣʵ:ôˣǲֶʲô
Сһعæ:û£ǸϽȥӣҾưɡӦɻһ£ܿͰעתˣŽСҲƭġ
ڹսǴһСк͵͵ؿһԶ֮׼뿪
ڷĲ͹ݣڷһʢӴСңŽСڷŵʮ̯ӣ֪СҰӣҾ͹ˡ
СùСӣŪһӣҾƳ˳ζɣؾƣȴɣؾƸΪĸǺúȼˡ


79 
ţӣҾƹȻζ϶ֻģڷԽСҵӣҾƴΪͣӣҾƹҪһη糱ˡ
СЦЦӣҾܵõڷϿɣѾܿˣ룬жڷ˵:ӣҾȻѾˣҪܷһʱ䣬ζѣ鷳ɡ
ڷ˵ͷܲ³СôŰѾ͹ҪæŻǮǴһӣ͸Ǯ֮ͬǰɣؾһļ۸ÿ̳һӣǮ㡣
СôǮȻǻϲϲڷģװˣȻ͸ģǷ㹤Ǯ
صңΪȥȥˣ֪СҴ˶ǮСҰѽǮȫ̯ϣȻֽеĻ˳˵:Ҫʮӣô˵ҲҪףȵˣǮͿ԰Ƿծͬ췿ӵĹǮˡ
Ӧϵͷʾͬ⣬ܹǮȫ壬ծһˣʱΪǮ̰ڵۻˣҲˡ
㽫ӺˣȥծˡӦ˵
ڶ죬СһɣͺͽСһϣСؤ׹ûʲô˼ء
СϣСؤҲСؤԶˣǰһôУ롣СҴ·һȻһ·ߵؤҪǸСؤ
СЩ䣬ȽԣȻôһСؤߣﻹҵõ
һѰңСһͷҵǸСкСкһڽǿСҲԸ
СҴӽСù׼õ㶹ƺͻӵ˹ȥСкȻΪСֽ׹˳
ҵģڻ㡣˵͵߸ģСкɲ˵ҡҡͷʾҪ
СҿСؤģ֪֮ǰʲôСӵΪʽȻͨСؤͬӣȻӦС͵ӦþͲ͵ˣʱΪⶫСؤԼеġ
׹Ǹö϶ҪúţҪŪˡСȰ˵ԵŶΣⶫ˵ݵСǱ˼ĺӣʱ׵ʱһݣⶫȻ
Ǽ㽪С˵Скɲ˵С޿κΣ뵽ĳֿԣʵ:㣬ǲ֪Ҫծ飬Ž׹óģҪծģ
Скǲ˵СҶ챻ܺӸˣԲģ˺ż㲻˵Ҿ͵ĬŶСҼʵ
СкĬˣΪû˵ӽСЦˣСһΪأǹ˼ҵⷬ⣿
ѾҪñ˵׹ծˣѾˡ˵ˣûǮҲһ׹ծѰ˵޷ǾǻȡһЩӣǶСк˵˵ޱȵҪ
뵽С˵:İɣҼҵѾծˣʱҿ˲أ׹ɲóˡСֽ׹ŻСкϡ
СӼֲҪҪܵˣСֻ֮˵:ܣ㣬ǲҪ׹͸ң
ЩӦˣ˵ͷʾǵġ
СЦЦȻô֣ţպⶫãóǡ
һؼҰɣ飬ҹ±úãһ㹤ꡣСʵСкԵҲټȵһ˴ﰤܶ
СкֲԸˣֻ׹͸СңûߡСҿ⸱ģװ:ߣ㲻ߵĻ׹ûȥɣҲҪˣ
СкЩˣСҼתתӦڿҪҪСߣСҳԥ֮ʣˡСһﻹҷ󲻵òСƷ
ȥ·ϣС飬һɶԳĬģʵֵʱ΢Ĭһ£Ȼشһ:١
Сһ£û뵽ǰ˽ȥģȻǸСܱȽСؤҪúá
СҾֱٴ½ң½еطס̯˺ãҲСһ


80 ծ
С½ҸŪˮϴͷϴ裬һȻϴͷСҽ˽Сȥϸһʵѻڻϴ·Լȥɡ
½صңôһСҲǺܻӭһڼңڶһСȻǲ֮ͬǰôµˡ
½ʱҲ⿴Сң˵:ôģһкñġ仰˵ģСҵһһмɺ޵ôõСȻᱻ˵ĻЩɢҥԵһˡ
СЦЦû˵Ҳź˻кñû£ٺõҲֻᱻ۸
ٵ֮󣬽СҽСŽӻ˼ңپſڿţһֱȵ˵ıӰ𽥿壬㶵ؿš
Сӡ½ٵԴ˵˶Զˣ㻹ʲôô᲻ˣ
û½һԶȥĽСҼˣƳ½һۣȻ˽СҸʰһˣ½һû˼
ǽСҸк˵СƢЩŹ֣ˣ֮ǰǸģ½룬ˡ
صңӾͽǮ˳һӣһЩԺĶӦϼ֮ǰǹˡ
һӦϻϲؿӼˣ˵:ǻЩծǮˣȥǮٰѹǮҲˡ
ڶ죬ӦϺżӸ˹һǮһ⼸ӡ
ϿӦϺˣôĹһȫȥӦϼеĿģΪҪʲôȴûнǣнѾȥһ¡
һ֪ԭӦѾ׬ôǮǷ˻ˣӸǺˣǮҲһֲظˡٿԼߣӦϵͷƶûЩˣҪּң˼ңвƱôˣǻڲ
ʱƨƨߵܵӦϼǹ潫ôǮˣȻķּǮǼ˵:û뵽ôͰǮˣǻŶ飬ܵǮһء
Ӧϸϵ⣬û˵:Ҳ˲ٵˣҲûҪһһģ˵ˣȰԼٵһָ˵ɡ
ϱӦôһ˵ЩӦϵģûаҪԼһǮģںڷּҵ飬ʱĲˡ
ϺҲͬ˵棬СǸ㻹˼˵ͷ棬ôʱ𣿡
һͲˣͷǽѾģѾԼˣھȻֵֹСϣŭ:ͷǽѾŪģСƽˮƾʲô˵ͷСҶˣ
Ϻֱ׳˵:ҵ˶˵ˣΪүԵʣֻܶСҵҪôηɱҪôǳƣǴѾʲôϵ˾֪ҿ㻹ôƱ硣
ϱô⽪ϺʵԽԽǿˣӲǰѺڵ˵ɰ׵ġ
СҿϺӦǸģæοһʹˣһУ˵ˣûˣˣİԼļˡ
òüƽϺ˾ǿԼѾծס˺÷ӣĽʺޣҲ磬ûа취ǲɣ
ǽСҵںӦϺǷԼǵĹӡǮָǣ򷢹ߡ
ȻصϼǰĿԣ϶ڽϺղŵıʮ⣬һ˵ͷǽСҴģСֳĬĬˣڹƺҲϴˡ
СҿϼãȻ󿪿˵:㲻˵Ҵ𣿼Ȼֱ׳Ҹһòã
һС⸱ģ﷢ܸоСڳʲôˡһôҲһٵĹСҲôĵġ
ʲô϶ŽСʵֻСԹһԿֵ˵:ǲǶΪͷҴģ
Щ֪ôشȷʵôΪģֲ˵
ֻСһ:Ȼˣҿôֻ֪࣬Ҫھ͸һȥһ˺ңʺЩۼµˣൽʲôһв𣿼ء


81 ү
һ˽˽СҵͼͬҪ࣬Ȼͬ˽Сҵ취
һߣŴԨ˵˽ҪȥҺҵ˶֤ŵɫҰףҵ˸ûкκεԨԴ϶ҵһΪԼ˵ѡҪȥˣǾ¶ˣôźã
ѾҿȥãһͬǰδеĻң֪ôźá
߽СɫĿˣ֮ǰô飬ѾһٶǣȴǵȻˣͲҪĺˣ
żˣŬҪҸ취һˣôҲ벻鼱֮£߶µ˵һ:˰ɣҼһкܶûأҵøϽˣҪ׬Ǯծء
Сһͺˣɲ˶ƹϣһһҪ˿ࡣ̣ⵢõʱ䣬ֻҪȥ࣬ʱͷҴģǷծǻһ֣صǸ
ΧĿֵСҸô˵ǺˣСһʤȯյģҲЩ棬ѲͷĲǽСҴģ
󲿷˱ſֵ˼ҲһСҪϵõһ׷״ߴϸһȥһ˺ңǷǹȻס
ȥɣͷǽСŪģΪ˼ңȻ˵˵ġһԵ
վŶ̧ˣôҸȥȥ˾¶ڶˣǲȥ飬һˣô˿أﻢ£֪Ͳˣ
ʱ˽ϺͷӶ죬ΪСңŭСҲʱͰ
ô˻ҪôСʵ˵ţƵؿŽѾͷģǰ㻹ծȻңҪ
ѾСҵôӵۣѿڶ:˭˵Ҳҵģ˵ͺˣ治ҡ
СҵһЦѾԴӹ治ôʹ㼤һ£˼⡣
ϺͽѾͱȥ˺ңϼҪܣɶûɣһ֮ǾͲ֤ʵذ˵ǰȥңҲһ··߲ͨ
Ϊ֮ƣҲֻһ취ˣҵСңؿϣԼ˼ǽСҾûһƹϾֱǰȥ
Сңںҧгݣô˿ţὪСһˣСϣˣǷʰͷ֪ô
ľګŸŽСһˣֻŽСҵ˺ܹı⣬һ·
ңô˵ĵҵĹܼҴԶͿôˣǹµģæͨү
ȥأû뵽һ۾ͿȺ֮վŵĽСңû뵽ôòСȴøӳˣҲ֮ǰˣһŮʣҲ˲١
ôòظоϲˣԴϴýСұ֮ûȥҹһΪСҵ˰̣ͻһ˿֮飬һΪүӶĿϸ࣬ˣͰ͵һЩ߰
ʱ򣬺үҲ˳ӦϺһ߹ȥлүĿݣѾôͷ棬ҵȴûйΪǣǮ򲻵ͷġ
үЦŵ˵ͷŵʱѾ˭ˣӦϺˣҲţʱ͹ʲôģҲȥЩЩӡ
Ǵʲô𣿡үʵôĶˣȻ̫ɵȻѰһӦϺ˵ʱҲǿͿġ
ӦϺҲɫ˵:ү˴ǰרлͷ飬˳ȷһ£֮ǰͷ浽˭ģ
үֵ˵ͷҲڳѰĿôʱһѾͷѾͷЩ˵ĿģȺңĿͣڽѾϣָŽѾ˵:үͷ˾
˵Ѿͷָķ򣬿˽ѾѾΪѾͷָ֤ŵȶˣϸҪ⣬ȴСұɫԼиҪİѱץϣ˲ֲ˵ˣֻóĬ
˵ˣҵķΧҲݲ֣˵ſڣ˸ӳȥˡ


82 
ΧֵˣʱҲ׷׶ָָ㣬ҵѾͷںүǰӦòѣȻˣͱȺѾͷĿŶҪߡô˵ͷ˾ǽѾǽСεģ֪ˡ
ﶼڸ̾⽪ѾģĳȻ˴ȻԼҲ֡Ҳʲôˣ̳ĺǰｪѾڲ࣬Ըϱ
˶֪飬ﶼԺҪһԶһ˲ֵýáӦϣｪѾ˺ڹôŬذǮծҲǲƺֵȥá
ӦϺŴҵķӦ֪ĿѾˣæŹ˵:лϸˣܻҵŮһףӦ˶м
үҲЦ˵:С£ҳݣֻЩԸҪ̣֪Ӧϵܲܽһ£
˵
˵ҺӦһֽĶʲô㶹ƣӣơЩǺģҾʣЩδţôģүʵ
һֱʣЩֵ̫ˣһģҲɺϣô˵⽪ӦҲԺһˡ
˵ӦϺЩţ֮ǰСҾ˵һɣ߽Сҵġ϶ϲܸߺҵˣȻ϶ᱻǵʱ϶ŹСҵġ
СҿӦϺĽţץסӦϺְο˵ʱõǸ˵:һ˼ҵĽ̸ҵģӦǾǻط˼ҵĳֶܶ˵ؼҾԵһ̸ҡ
ү΢΢ͷǽɣټ٣ôҲиǼٵģҲýСû취
Сүһ֮ʹһ˴뿪һǰסСҵĸ첲ӽСҽݿʼĿû뿪̣ǽСʼնûôܲˬѲɽСһڹһ̯Ĳӣ
ʲôСҿץԼ֣ʵֻһ飬ͺ̫Ĺϸ֮ǰΪͺߵ̫ʫļǺޣץסԼҪѧһ
رСҵһ̬ŪЩջ𣬡ΪʲôңرŭʵȫȻûпүɫ
Сһ£ûѡǺͺضţһ˵:أҵծѾˣѾûйϵˣ㲻Ҫҡ
ôˣطʵ˵õģʱ仹ծ֮Լɲ˶ϣֻҪ֮׷㣬ҵŮˣ
СҿźصдʣѾѵ֪ΪֱӼӵĶ˺Լ
Ҳᵱ檵ģİɣҲᵱκһ˵檣ȻǺҵүǾ˶ɣǲʡС˵԰ѻ˵Լ
ᵱ檣ԭںһƣ˵ʲôͱүӸ˻ȥȻЩүӵĻǲòӵġ
Ҹ㣬ԼȻЧⶫһ𶨵ģûŵȨЩɫ˵ȻתͷүӣС˵Ļᡣ
ڽСҴһ˽˺ңʫǱ߾ͨ˴£ŽСǹӺľ½СһںǰͰѺظˣǻ𼱻ǵظϵңСҴһ˳ס˵Щʲô
һĻˣСҾȻƤӵ¹ˣϴεĽѵ
үҲƼǰʫƾУȻҵæѺͽСҽͷӶĺؽ˻ʫᣬҡ
ʫ߹ܵǰסĸ첲ڽСǰתһȦԴСġ
رͲôã˽С˵ᵱңʫͶң֮ǲʫһ
뵽ʶҪʫ֣˴̼˽СңԺ϶ӼᶨزԼһġ
ʫܵصԶɫĿʼָһСģߵСҵǰתȦҿҲûýСĵȵԼôؾͺڣ


83 Ǹ
ˣȻ׷ŹСңƲƲԽС˵:˵ѾǮˣ𣿡
СҼʫԼҲܲش𣬱Ͼ˼ҵȨ֣ǵͷ:ǵġ
ֻʫЦһȻ˵:Ǵ˺ҵͷ棬˼ֻ˰ʮѲɵǸĻû𣿡
СһƣôҲľˡǸʻ㣬˵ĿⶼͣڽѾϣѾ㶼Ҫ˵۵ӸˣһһоľګشҪǰȥҵ˵Ǹ
ȴʫһסСҷʫĿһֱԼϣ˺ü룬СǻζʫˣҪȥǸģԼ
룬СҾʫ۲ȨǱȲʫģʱĵͷΪԺԡ
Сһص֮ǰλãԺү˵:үͷ飬ҴҵǸҲǳлǶǵİ˵꣬һ
үԭûôע⵽ģڿСҸԼ˵죬ĲģʮֵûСѾͷƬӵΨΨŵŵв϶˼֣Ѿͷмͣ˵ЩʲôģҲĳģһжǸöΪϧǸŮ
õ˺үӵͬ⣬СҴһﳤȥǰˣûаѽѾԼƽֱ˵ҲǸһЩˣںΣǾЩϲֵԼȥɡ
ŽСһ˵뿪ʫȴоûԹԵϴǸԵýС֪Լȡ֡ҪǣΪ˽СңڽСңԼΪƱػúزˡ
뵽ʫͷۺأ΢Щȴֻǵؿһۣ֪ΪںǸûմ
ߵſڵʱ򣬽СתԺ˵:ղŵ鲻ŵԣһԣϣúôòҪס
׵ۣʫҵؽһ:硣֪ԼղŵΪܻǵúزˣû뵽ס
ԭƽֱСҸ˺ʫ׵˼СһۿʲôһԣСҲʵģʲô㣡
ŽСԽԽԶıӰʫԼؿʫһۣתԼ䣬ʫһվš
ʫźصıӰˣһжڽСͷϣΪŲǵúزˣںؿԼᷳӲԼĶˡ
ȥ·ϣӦһֱڱԹСҵǸ飬ôְ˼֣Ȼͷ治ģҪǸ˵ˣ
ѽûۣҵ˰Ҫ۸ǣܲΪ˳һʱ֮죬Ҳ˵ĻԺɾûûˡ˵׽СҵͼҲͬСҵΪ
Ӧ֪˵еҲû˵Ҳֻ뱧Թһ¶ѣûʲô˼
ȥ½̯ʱ½һСҼ˵Ӱ͸˵:ǶԷɣѾ˷ˣȥܳˡ׼ˣ֮ǰǿŽСȥģؾ׼
СͬˣҲȥôˡ
Էʱһ˶ڽСһԲĳ٣⺢ǴûѲ½˽ӣҲûпܵ
½˵뷨Цһ߳һ˵:СҼĺӣǻڲģ˺üͰˮŰϴɾأ
СҲһ߸ټвˣһ˵:֮ǰÿͻȥ̯ŵǸӣҼͰ˻½顣
һԵĳٿŽСҸԼеĲˣϾȻ¶һЦݣ˿⽪СҺ½ڲۡ
극صңСĵܵӦϺĻ˵:С˵ˣڵǺùˣծҲˣǮҾͿȥѧˣ
˾˶˵:żĺʱ򣬿ҪùŶӦϺҲŽС󣬺ݺݵһڣ˵:ٹ갡ۼҵӿ϶ͺùˣʱٿȡһǵˣ
СЦһãĺӣڲԺġӦϺŽСǸ˵СģһۣСͣѾˡ


84 Сҵ
ӦϺһҪؼңչôҪ鶼ˣûȥˡ
ʲôʱʱˣͻȥӦϺӦ˵ЩҪӦϻȥһ£Ӧϸû㶵صһͷ
ӦϺӦϵģ֪ûԼʲô˼оΡ˵ һԵĽСҸӦϺʹһɫʾӦϣӦϺᣬԼŮȽϴ
ӦϺ뿪֮Ӧ:ңʱʹӣ˵´Ҷʲô⣬Ǵ𲽾ûκε𡣡
ͱΪˣǷǹɴб𣬾һǣҲûа취ģܲΪЩҰɣһһ࣬ҲżСȰ˵
һļƻ÷ƣȻ޷أѿҲ֮۹Ժ󡣡С˵
ӦڽСҵİο֮ƽϢԼŭ˵÷ƣӦˣܿĵ˵:Сң÷ǿԼɲӦĻȻܰӸˣܵ÷һЩȥȻӦϺûʲôɼǶڰǮָǼ沿ɲô⡣
СҡҡͷĿɲֻ׬һӣҪǽ֮ھͽϵľҵ¢ˣҪһӦҺϻõѡ
һΪǮӦϺǮ϶ԼҵҪ࣬ԼĻծ֮ûʣʲôˡڶΪӦҵĻӦϺ˶ƵģҲھơһȻΪӦҵͶ࣬˾˾ܰѴ󲿷ֿ鶼ˡ
֮Ǻܺõݣ໥Σһ֮໹Ż᲻ᱻ˸
ӦŽСҪӦҺϸһеĸϵҲͬˣĵ:Сܵ
ʱ򣬽ӴլǱ߻ˣӺҳ֮ǵ״̬ͲرãԽСҲŰŽӸһȥû뵽һȥʹһýСҺ𾪵Ϣ
˵ҪѾһ˼ңҪǰæ˭ȽϺʡ˵
Сһ㶣ѾӦ˵ʮʮ꣬ڹŴ˵ģǽСЩܲˣͣƲſʼɣǲǵԼ꣬ҲҪż޳ȥ뵽СЩš
Ӧһû˵:˼ңƷУʱ⵵£ʲô˼ҿҪ
СҲͬӦһ뷨⽪ѾôС;Ҫ޳ȥӣŮСһͬ
ʱ֣СˣСҸ˵ҪӦҵ˺һƵ飬ʱҪһȥ÷
СһϢ˵ҪŽСһȥϣʱ俴Щ˼ҵĺӶܵȥ飬нѧ壬ҪŽСһǰȥһ̽
ߣϺӦϺصңϿʼӦϺղŶӦ˵Ļʲô˼Ӧϻʲô飿
ӦϺҰҰ죬˵:СǸúӣҾ밡ˮСҼ޸ǵ⼸ӣľһ׮ˡ
ϿһӦϺϼһŰԸŮ޳ȥСҲŰ꣬ʲôأʱЩ£̫ˣ
ӦϺ֪ϵ뷨ǿ˵:˵Сһ̫СٳһɾûķˡѵûǺҵүСҵǸģǼ⼸˭ֵܵù˼ңԾҪ׼
С⺢ӳƯִвŻӦҵϱٺʲˡ
Щ˵ؿӦϺôò¾ǻǿӲ̬˵:黹Ժ˵ɣ˵̫ˣô˵ҲԸУۼҵ⼸СӣǸСң
Ҳʮ;ͼ޵ӦģȻ֪СϱĿҽСıүϣһҵ⼸Сӡ
ϱʱҲڣ̸ȫ˼졣صڣԼҵ˵,˵µʱһٸ⣬ͽСҿۣ⽪СҪǳϱǻðƷˣ
Һ˵СҲ䲻ϽСңж̧˼ңϵȻˡ
Ҳǲ⣬ӦС£ѡɲ뽪СһŽҽСϱҲΪסֻӦϱ϶Դûж飬СҴܸɣֳƯССͲ࣬Ǹѡϲ


85 ¢
ô˵̸Щ̫ˣҲ̸Щʱ򡣵ڶ죬һȫˣûծˣµʼˣӾͻԽԽˣһ˵ݵһ
ʱӦϺС˵ӦϺʲôҪ˸磬ϵӦҡ
ͺϵӦϺҲ㽫Ӧ˵ˣʱżԼӦϵƢ֪ģײϡ
ӻó֮ǰԼõĽǮϢֻǽ֮ǰӦϺ赽ǮȴЩϢ˵͹
迴ŽӼǮˣҲżҪһˣ׷˵ҪӦţżһССͶʣӦϵģʲôҪӦϵĵطҲÿڡ
ӦҲǮʱҪ÷¢г϶ҪһʵӣȻɩӶô˵ˣЩӦ˼պǮٻǡ
ʲôӦϺʵСߵӦϺǰ˵:Ǵ÷ƣһβ֮ǰһֻôһ㣬Ҫ¢Ĺơ
¢ϣӦϺʵʲô˼ɴû˵
¢ϵ˼ǳΪľУͨľиûǱȣΨǲŻֹơСҽ͵
ӦϺļϱ뷨֮󣬴Ϊ𾪣֪Ӧ׬Ǯû뵽Է뷨
ӦϺһ˵ͷ뷨϶ģòɣ
СҲ˼ЦЦ˵ͷӦϺĽСҵԴӣŮ治ͨˡ
СָӦϺ˵˹ں飬ڵõӦϺ֧֮һ˿ʼǮ׼¢÷Ȼ¢÷ơ
ʽ飬Сһûжõͷծ˹֮󣬼Ѿûʣ¶Ǯˣ¢÷ԶԶģӦȻҲҪһݣԽ壬ͶʣʱǮһһġ
СȻЩǮȫӦҳţҲӦˣ룬С뵽һˣǮҲῴڽķϣһЩ
СҴӵؽóɣؾƣļ̳ˣҪȥˣЩ˳㵽ڷЩ÷ơ
ڷĲ͹ݣѰѽǮڷһ˵ڷ統Ȼûʲô⣬Сҿ˵ĺ飬ԽСҵͷԣǮ϶ò˶þܻˡ˵ˣǮû
ţһ¡ڷݺһֻһͽСһСк˳
СҴкҲڷҵСˣΪϴĶѾڷˣСǾԴǱҵʲôˡ
ڽСҲ²ŵ֮ʱߵڷߣ:ʲô𣿡
СһӾ°ͶҪڵˣڷôᣬȥҲʮ꣬кˣһôģ
㡭㶼жˣСҽͰ͵ʵʵǳ֪ŴױȽ磬ܽڷѾ׻кӣǾԽܲĺѾԼһˡ
ĻѲڷʮҾ͵ˣСӶͷԽ֮ǰʮʱߵкӻأôܳӡ
СҽĿͶڷ磬ǲģֻڷǳص˵ͷ˵:ûҶӡ
õڷ׿֤ʵСҾԼڷ绹һ˽⣬ŴҲһ˽⡣ڷ翴СǳԾģЦЦ˵:ĶӣһС
СҳһҪģǾ̫ˣСֵǣȻôСΪʲôҪΪֵǺܺã
˭֪أ˵ڷȥһСӵģԭǾ˵ˡ뵽СҲĳȥ:ڷû취ĻǾ˵ͨˣ
СҡҡͷֹԼĺ˼룬ڷȻ֪С˼Ѿɵ־ˣŽһԼֶ˵:ȥλüƱ
źܿܳȥǮȥˣȻֺܻܿһƱڷһŵҲͦպץס˼ôڷʵ
Сһ㶣ôǮڷ粻Լ𣿻عĽСæصص˵ͷ˵:˹ˡ
ƱСұϲɫѾֿ˻ǵıȻԽԽã¢ϾҵѾָտɴˡ


86 Ǯ
СƱл뿪ͱڷסˡ
ôˣ𣿡СɻʵֻڷεһЦɣؾƵǮˡ˵ִ꣬ӿڴóӣɣؾƵģһ̳ÿ̳һӡ
Сϻζһʱ˰ˣӹ׼뿪ʱڷְǸסˣǶһƱ𣿡ڷʵɰѽСҸסˣǵȷûжһҲ֪Ҫȥһ
߰ɣҲҪȥһǮׯһȥӸˡڷһ˵˵ʹͷˡ
Ʊ֮󣬴һӻ˼ңӦϼ˿ôӣȵ°ͶҪˣСңЩǴģӦһĭʵ
Сҿôİ۾ˣȻôĿǮƣǶʮһ͵Ůˣûʲôӣһӿô࣬ȻӦϻҪ˵:ЩڷǶģ¢Ϲҵġ
ӦҲͬûôӣˣܹͣҲûô࣬һЩǽģӦϸоֻص˼ǰòײŰѽǮˣһʸġ
뵽ӦϼæԽС˵:죬ЩӶ˿ˡôӣƼˣضۺģʱѾδ֪ˡ
ׯڵʱ򣬷ּҵʱ򣬽Сһ˵ŶҽļĶأͬׯһͬ˻ʱȥոˡ
죬СҼŵʱ򣬸ɾԼ߹СҼ˶֪ûʲô£žˣʲôµĻȻͻ׷
ȻһСҼԶżŸһõģСһ֪ʲôԼˡ
ϱ˵ͦŸܳʲôװĵ˵Цݼ̫ٵС
ӦϱŪòͷ˵:㵽ʲôֱ˵ҪĨǵġ
ڨЦһ£ӣƺе˼Ȼ˵:ڻУũǾ밡ǼҵĻһɣڼȻͷˡ
Ӧֱضϣƺһ˿Ĳмϵ˼˽ⲻˣϿȥӦϵ˱ˣֻҪˣ˰ոʵϼҵĵرԼҵҪ࣬ҪӸɻߵķ
ϼ֮Ӧϵ˵:ˣǸոҵİɣõʱֲַ塣
ϻ˵ЩʲôӦϵһɣȻ˵ˣֻһӦϣһ߻ؼҡ
ʱ򣬽СҿӦϺļ˾˾ˡҿҲոļڣǼССеĻУʣһͶԹǵæӦϺ˵һЩǲӦϵģֻŮŸϹæ
˶ٶȾͿˣĹͰеĶˣˣǻæӼſŪһأɹ
ӦϺһ˱ˣ˿ûڼԻȵ˼˶ĽӦиũæļڣܹӦո
ߣʱѾ۵һϴ˯˹ȥûӦϸֻнѾͷԭʲôҲĽѾп಻û취Ӧһּңֻˡ
СҲûţһͬڵɻֲͬ뵽ǲʡ
ļڣɽϵĸҰҲˣСŽСȥɽժҰӣ˳֮ǰҰûг졣
Ŵɽ־ǺãҰӦоУֻҰζɬԼֵģֻƽղŻԣҲûʲôõġ
ɽʱ򣬽СҺȻͿһƬݵأҪ˵ƽĲݵأжϡ棬ֻƬЩ֣ѾļˣȴŻ
ʲôСʵ
Сɻؿ˿ȻȻʲôƵģ˵:ѼԱߵ˵˲ݣҩģⶾأ
СһԼļ䣬˲ݣ˵ûжôӡˣ˲ݿ϶ѧСҿҶӱԵСݣԼƬ״ĻŬػš
ССĳʮָˡȻôòݣ뵽ʲôµˣֶʲôõӣʵ벻ͨʵ:Щݵҩ𣿡ֶضǣĻ׬˶Ǯˡ


87 
Сôһ˵СҺȻˣֽ˲ݵĶʵϾ۲ĥƶɣۡ۸⡢裬ȽƷ纮ĺùЧ
ⶫҩǻ⼸ָõ;ǿЩȥȻȥҸóԵġСһؽС˵
Сһ֪Сʲôõ⣬æбŵĸСҰڵϣͽСһժ۲ݣȻ֪СЩʲôСҵĶ϶ͬѰ
˳˼۲žͻȥˡСҽ۲ϴɾȻˮ󿪡Ϻʮӣ̳۲ݣӹ˺󣬽۲ݵ֭ˮ뵽õˮУٽʣӵٱ߽裬ֱ󿪣ˣõгС飬ˡ
ӦϿֵֹĶ֪С˵ⶫܳԣǾһԳԣŪ˸ӾҪһζ
СҿæӦסⶫʳƷи˲áӦϾֻܿ˳ˣȻһ㣬Ϊ˸еĺӣ̵סġ
ⶫСҲԹˣζܲرʺִģ죬ҶũæرֶǺˡ
ǽСұ㽫۴ϣ½ĵĹ˱Ƚ϶࣬ӦҲȽ϶ࡣ
½ôĶú֣С˵ⶫ֮ܳó룬Լͳһʢһ룬ôʱദѾ˴˿ˡ
һСңƽﲻϲЦҲ¶ֻССĻĵغСҽ㡣
Сֻôʱ䲻仯ͦģҲ֮ǰҪ׽ˡ˵һ½Ĺ͡
СæŻȥ÷ƣһͻȥˣգգᣬͦŽСһȥⲻġ
СҿǿɰֿСģһ˿Ĳ̣Լƽͷ:úţȹҾ㡣
ĵ˵ͷʾ֪ˣſĿ뿪ֱ˽СҵӰ˶Ļȥ½۵СҲһ취ûУֻεôΪƺֻСҵĻǿǿ䣬С˵ıΨǴӡ
صҵĽСҾͿʼ÷ˣǷųϢ߲ܣԽԽáҲͬ½ⷽˣҪҼר̻гڵĺ
סϵĥӲݣҲܵù˼һЩĸֻ֣ܹԹԵȥլǱ߰æոˡ
Сʱ˾Ϳ½һȥ棬÷̻Ѿ䣬мˣ˺üҵ̵÷רõС⣬÷Ŀ˵㣬õȱ⡣
½Ҳﲻʲôæͷֳԣˣ㽫͵ѧ飬ȻǺܲ⣬Ǳ½ȥģϾôСĺӣǶʱһֶʶֻũĳϢˡ
˭֪ȥһ죬Ͱ½˹ȥ˵⺢ӣϿҲģ˿Ҳһˣ˱ȺȡЦǸЩӴһܡ
½ųٵϵ˰̣˲úܶԲСңôʱ䣬Ͱ˿⸱ģ֪Сҿ⸱ģ᲻
Ҳ飬ǿʱ㻹ڴ˵ؼҡٿ½ܻģĮ˵֮ǿ飬ҪƤ½ٱһˡ
֮½ֻܰСȥȶ̵һת顣
ﲻ飿ȥ·ϣ½ʳٵ
ٿһۣ˵
㲻˵Ҳ֪½˵ǲ룬ˣСˣٶԽСҵǿģûʲôܱȽСҸˣƳǾ˵Ļ㲻ܾСˡ
½;죬Լ΢üͷ֪Լ¶ˣǱ˿˼Żе߳ŭ½ûа취С̫ˣǵýС̲ܽɡ
ӦϽСҲ͵ѧãһܻܲȲһСؤС˵ԼҲȥˣ˵һû˯ã˵һɵӾȻȥʱֱҪȥЦһ١
Ӧһҵı仯Ϫ嶼ССһĶȥˣһ·ӣأ˵СҼһСҪȥѧã˶֪ӼǮˣһķ׷ͽᡣ


88 ÷
ӦѾ֪Щ˵ףûǮʱ򣬼ûʲôɫǮˣǺݣɲһס
һӵ鶼æԺӦϺͺտ̯ɺüܵСȥӦϺңæ÷ơ
÷ԭϺܹƵʱæƵ飬Ǽ˾ʲôҲᣬԽСҼŵùĹˣҲʲôˣϺͽϺͲ͵ķء
ӦϺ˼ŵù˰æÿʮͭ壬ߵðǼ˸˵˵׷׷ģԲƵķӸ߱ˡ
˵ӦϺҸ߹˹ˣȫۺԼûֻ֣۰Ͱ͵ؿţһôͽǡ
Ӧҵ飬Ҷܺ棬ǱǼ˴Ӧʲô飬˭֪ЩȫؿƿǼȻӦҵĶݣҪ飬ᱻ˿ġ
֪Ӧʲô飬ϢʵʵģȻ֪ԾӣҪ˭֪ͬʲô˵ʲôҲʲ˽á
£СǮѾĲˣ÷ƻûȫã˼룬ٴδӵؽó̳ӣҾƣ׼ڷ͹ȥ˳ٴǶǮ
ڷ˵˽С÷ƣһָСҽѽСҸжϡͿģôǮ˼ˣⲻ֪ڷ㲻ʲô
Ϊ˱ڷ磬Сְ۵ķѸ㶫Ӧˣ˼ҰԼô࣬Լܵеʾ
ڷȻЦˣ֪СҽкôģΪЩض򲻵Ķ͹ѾǸΪܻӭһˣ˵صˣǸΰҵںͷء
ΪƣСҼÿ춼ģһҲвϵͷ˯ӦϿص֮Ӧ۵ؼæСɱһֻѼӣѼ塣
ǳʱôţҪӪٸϣСҾҪСˡ
òСҪɽܣ֮ǰЩҰӦҲѾˣ׼ȥǣⶫûҪֻҪ뼸ˣϪҰѾͶǵˡ
ӦֵЩ޻ʱǳѿļڣִ˶޻ӿѧĽǶ˵ȥѿԽͲѿֵصŨȣΪѿزڲѿۣû˶ƣԴٽ֦޵Ĳ
Ȼǲ֪ЩģǽСҽӦǡӦϰŰɵظ޻ˣȻ֪ǸʲôСҵĻϾ׼ȷԣ͸Ÿˡ
һЩӦ޻ʮֲ⣬Ӧڸʲô
ӦҲ˵Ȼֻ:С˵ģ˵סָϵ޻޻ִֺá
ҲǲôӦ˵ĻСѿˣǻ۵ģ°ˡȻǽС˵ģҲ˵С˵Ļõģ˱һԵ̬ʼѧӦ޻ˡ
ŵˣȻҲвŵˣЩ˴ӦϼǮˣǱ㿴ӦϼҵˣӦʲôƫƫ
뷨ʮԺӦϼԼӦһ޻˼Ҽ޻ԽԽ֮󣬾ͱˡ
ʵ֤ӦϵȷģʱЩ˲֪ڣҲֻеʱˣѾ޻õʱڣǰ޻ˣҲôõ޻ˡ
ʱ򣬽С÷ҲѾˣǱýӺԼһ𣬸ţ˼̳ȥ
÷ƿԿθʳٽʺʳѣ֮ˣҵĲ͹ศɣڷ˵˽СҵĽܣ֪СĶΪƷ
ƲͨɣؾһƵԭϱ׾Լ÷׾ƱҪǮģԼ۸ɣؾҪ࣬ڷ翴˵Ľ棬˽Сһ̳У׬ŲٵĲۡ
㿴ҸôӣҪôѽڷСЦ
Сתתӣ˵:ǰʱɽժ˲ٵҰѣô˲ٵҰѾƣҸ͹
ڷһƷһеȣֽкã˵:ãȫ͹Ҿն١
̸ˣСұҪѾ͵ģֻǻ˸˳ѡ
֮󣬽Сұ㽫̳ѾѾƸڷ˹ȥһڷȴֻѾƼۣ˰ȥŽСȥ˺Ժ


89 
СһţͼһԺС
ͫˮǣ
ʫΪΪ
ƶ˿ͣ
Ϊ˭һᡣ
ʫ˵ľ˰ɣС뵽
һ£λǰ׹ӣ˵÷ƣϹѰģκҲ㣬Ǹպôɾҵˡڷ˵˽СҸ˼
ڷһ½Сң֪СҾҪҵ˵ʱ򣬰ԳһôСͣȻȲŻٿСԼû˿ľɫԽӿýСˡ
ǼһǮˣ˼ǽСж٣Ҫ٣СżǼ̳Ŀ棬δҪ׬һˡ
ڷûа÷ƵļǮ߰裬ɵŲءǽСҾԵڷӲ͹Ƶļ۸񣬽̳ȫ˳ȥһǧ˰ǵƱ
СҵһôƱ˵ĶǼٵģǼҹҪϪĸ֮һˣһСš
Ʊڷ磬٣һУڳֵܷó٣ٵͭϲ
ˣСҲ˵Ӧҵλãʲôʱ򷽱ˣԼȥȡôһСʱĽ迴ŽСҵгû뵽СССͣΪŮôеʶ
뵽Ҳڸ̾СһкˣֻϣСҲҪŮ˲ܳųͷ̷ͷûˡ
Ѿãһˣ½СҺڷҰѾƵ飬ʱڷпһƷСҵ¾ƣȻʮζû뵽СһܽɬҰƳɾƣСˡ
ӣСֽ֮ǰڷӸˣһš
㲻İе÷ƶ˰ɣٷֱʱڷ˵ôãĵĻǽСҰеĶˣҪϻˣ˵һּӵʧ
СЦ:ôܣôҲøһЩģ
СҵĻڷһˬʵЦСǸˣȻļǮԼߣСȴûΪԼǸԽύѡ
ôӻؼңСȥֻףһԼ¢ϵĵһɡڷǮʱ򣬱ִ
ӦϺΪƵķǽСҵģұҲǽСҳģͷӦøСҡ
ϱȴˣҲÿ˶ֻнСһˣҪȥûæͶЩ⣬϶Ӧҵģô˵ҲýСռ˴ͷ
СҳĬŲ˵Ҫ˵ЩӵȷҪģûķӣ˭Ҳ𲻳ƣʵڲ˵
ϻһ˵ӦϺƽӦϺ˵÷ˣ̸ӣ˵:ʲôƽģٲƽҲǶ˼СҲƽҪƣԼҼˣΪʲôҪһ𣿾һ׬Ǯǵã˱˻ԣûʲô׬Ǯ¾˵㣬Сռͷԭϣʣķ֡
ϱӦϺôһ𣬱ŵ÷ģҲ˵ˣ⼸Ҳûʲôˡ
СʱҲ˵ͷͬˣַҲĽܷΧ֮ڣӦϺģûʲô˼ģ˵ˣʵҲӦõġ
׼ؽңӦϺСеߣ˵:׬Ǯ飬㲻Ҫ˵˵꣬Ҳ˵:Ҳǣ˭ҪǸ˵ȥһֶûУ
Сصص˵ͷȻеϵҲû˵ȥˣôӵķݶϣôҲסԼ졣
ˣصҵӦϿʱûͽСһϼƣý֪˶Ǯ൱լǱҲ֪ˣǶ֪Ӷزסģһƣȫ³ˣԲ֪źá
ϣССұ㽫СҲ˵ˣСϣȻĻġ֪Լ÷׬ôǮС˵òӣڿԲһεغúˡ
Ӳ֪С˶ˣСֻ߽ʮĿȻҲ˵úܡģСһһ˿飬Ϊ˲ͼôõİ취ˡ
Ӹˣ⣬÷ƺͽСһȥլǱߣ׬ǮôҲеʾȻҪ˽ˡ
ϿžˣҲƴǰһˣֻ仰Ǯ飬ǧټƵشӵ˶ӡ


90 
춼ֵԱˣظ߽Ϻ˵ǶʮӣϺˣΪ𾪡
û뵽̶գһôǮ뵽ԼôծûлɵúڵͬӦϷּңҲͬӦ˵ծһһķ
ٿߣÿ׬ǮӦǼæƵĹˣֻֽܹɲ
ߣкӹˣҲТТǣԼԺúȺ˯ãȫȻǻŽ˵Ŀ֮Ĳˬ죬˵
ûȽ˵Сͷ˵:˭˵ûТǵģǲǺþƺظ
ȻӦ˲ǮĽʣܱʲôûҪõö࣬ҲͲϲˡ
СͷҲңҿûаѷһǧӸ߽ӣȻڿ϶ôССһˡ
ߣСҺӦһϼƣǾЩǮӦͶȥͶСǮ׬Ǯǲһǧӳһӣɽա
СҴЩأһЩҰ磬֮ǰҰѾͺܺãľҲϼѡ
֮ǰΪҵĶҰɬûʲôãЩڽСҵҰѾһȻͻ֪ҰѵǲȡʩҰѿɾûķݶˡ
Ҫ뼸ˣȥɽҰذҰٸɻÿĸͭ壬ɵöö࣬ҪͬҰѸһ
ӦҲͬӣæӦϺٰҼסˣѸɽϵҰȫ˻˼أȫҰѡ
æЩСȥڷ˼̳ӾƣϴεѾƹܻӭ֮ǰеĹƶпϲڷⶣ˽С´ʱͼ̳Ѿơ
СȻǴӦˣҲ֪ѾйõģҲôˡ
εӣСұӦϹ伯Уߵεſڵʱ򣬽СվŲˡ
ӦϿСҿߵЩΣЦ:СҲСˣǸúúôˡ
СΣⶼʲôʲôֶûʲôȤֻǿźѣĸŮǸûʰͷϴţӦֻмޣúõţֻʣͷϵ̶ͷˡ
Ӧ򼸼ȥʮͣôԼõ껪Ǿǿϧˡ
ҲŲҪˣЩԵͲһˣЩţԵᡣСƤ˵˵žͰӦק˽ȥ׼üõġ
ӦһǸԸģû;ܾˣһ͵ģЩ̵Ķᱻ˽ӣ˵ˮзġ
СҲŲںЩӦ򼸸ͷģѾǰˣԸҪͷӡֻҪҪģϪ廹ûʲôˡ
˵˰죬СҺ˵˵˵Ӧѡ˼˶۵֣СҿӦϵģԼ˺üмϺõƳɵġ
СҲӦϷӦֱӾͶԵС˵:ЩҰ
Ӧһ£æѽСҸסֶҪôʲô˵ǸƵˣ϶ֵЩӣģûõĶ
Щɲⶫ϶ܹûǮ𡣡ӦŽС˵
СЦ˵:ǿɲûǮ᲻á㿴ļױжǿյģǮһζʡţǮù˿Ů˵ഺҪûˣɾҲˣҪںúöԼЩ
Ӧ϶ԽС˵һһ㶵ģȻӣǽС˵ĻмֵĵСһֱ佪СҶТ˳
ӦϳĿյСѾЩȫˣÿӶһҲһڽӣһѡ
ЩԺ󣬸ǮţӦٹˣקŽСҪؼң컨ǮȫĳܷΧ֪ͲͽСһˡ
ˣӦЩΣСģҲΪԼȻлôõĶе쳣ϲá
ȥ·ϣײһͷͷǣźü˵ҪģǿЩͷֵŲرĺã᾵ġ
Сҿ⼸㶯֮ģżҲҪֻңۺҵӣǱǹȥӣҶЩõõĶ


91 
صҿСô֣ӦĶҲһΣֱ佪СǸŮȻȻҲмۺģ˵ỰС֪ЩԼùҲùҲǡ
صңСҽĳ˼Сһ˵øʲôƵģٵһȻҪʲôʱ˳·˲źø͹ȥ
ϳԷʱ򣬽Ѿ˹ӦϲϵĴ⣬Ծ촽ӿǸģʵ:Ѿ˷ûУ
ѾȻ֮ǰϸĻסĴѣɫ˵:ˣǳ˺Ҷ
ӦһɫˣѾ˷ĿƣԼǴ⣬ѾҰݵģƵýǡ
Ӧû˵:˾ˣûԣҵǻһꡣѾӦ˵ʮֺڣ֪Ͳˡ
ӦϿһӣҲûʲôͬģѾδСҵһԸѾѾǶһ棬ܴжá
һѾԼ￴ǳԣһֶԼĥǴ뿪ˣǰԽ˵:ˣү˷֮ȥһˣ˵㡣
Ӧһ:Ҫĸˣ˵˵ÿνϺѽӽлȥͼΪӲþܾǾͳҪõ;ˡ
ѾӦ϶Լ̬ȣоǱǰʱӦϸԼô䵭ģ룬ַ˼ңֲûǮˣҪ䳰ȷǿһվҲ֪Ҫʲô
ӿŽѾģЩۣͿӦϼۣʾ˵䣬Ȼ˵ͷʾѾ֪ˣýѾȻȥһ¾
Ѿ֮ǰƳ˽ӳŵĺü⣬һϲô⣬Ӳܻ᲻ϴһЩȥģĻпڸˡ
뵽µĽŲɵüӿ˼֣һصҾ͸ϺͽϺ˵Ӽкö⣬һ¿϶һЩ
իأ뵽Ͼܿˣͻϲˣ˵Ƿ˼ңкöǵøǴ뵽ϲɵõһ£ӦôҲסТԼ
ߵʱȷȷʵʵҪǴһţӦϿȥʹ:ģǮģùȥˣ
޿κΣӦиܵǨǨͣǺȰ˵:ô˵ҲôĵͿҵϣһвС
Ӧһ:˵оǲУ㣬ûң֮ǰôҵģҾôǣѾǲٶˣ˵Ҳ御ˣôҺСҵģ֮һ
ӦϵŭһŭգʱΪԭӦ϶ڼռλȫȻûһⶼҪˣеȻˬˡ
Ӧϻ߶߶ʵ̲סһƣͣ˰֮С
ӦһӾȻԼеĻҲô㻹ǰɣѽбͱҪӣ
ӱӦһɤӸˣźأôӦϵҲ֪ʱҲûΪӦ˵һ仰ҪϺ⣬ӦȻǲ⡣
뵽Ӳɵɥһ漴ĬĬذջȥȻ˫ȥ˽ҵլ
ϺԭΪӻԼȴֿտյģʲôҲûУɵҲ˵ͷһ˵Т˳ʲôģۿžҪˣϼסϺ˵:ͷοදأӡҪʲôֱ˵Уӿ϶ġ
Ҳϵθˣ㶵ص˵ͷ˵:Ҫʲôܰ쵽һġ
˵Ϻͣһƽ飬Ҳʽӵ:ʱ˶ӣ
㣬˵:ƽÿԼжӡǳԤġ
ˣ϶ѾˣӣǶòģû뵽Ȼô㣬Ӧϼ˲棬㶹ƣʲôļʱһǮѾһˡ
Ϻò׻عͿʼӼˣǼǮ죬Ҳ顣
ǽϺֱҪӽǵЩɣӦϵϣȥ֮Ӧǲưոݡ


92 粨
ϿƲģ֪ڵӦϲϣҲǺ۸ģ:кӹˣǵծûл壬µȴѾ޳ȥ˶꣬ǼȻѾȱǮˣΪξͲܷһ·ء
ӿӦ˵ǿǱҲ˼ǼԼǰ߿ˣ뵽ԼҵҲǺùˣҲǮĳ·ȫҧҧͬϵ
һѾͬˣ˲˵ţֻҪͬˣܹˣͰϢȥʱӦϲϣҲסԼˡ
صҵĽƺЩ飬ҲûиӦˣЩͰ͵ظӦ˵飬Ӧš
֪ûʲô£ôһͱϸˣ棬źĸ飬ʹڼкܶǮķˣ˭֪˵˾ˣԼķӣԼˡ
ڲȱǮôˣӦϲٵ߶ʵЩͷˣǳӦ˵
Ӧϲ㱻ޣŭ:˵ףûǮ̯ʱͷǮӲǱƵȥҵļױôõǮ˵ҵģģ𣿡
ȻһӵĻӦϵĻˣȷʵķӣȴ޳ͳȥˡҵӦϵ޵飬Ҳ֪ģһǵҪŵױĵزʵǶ˶ˡ
ЩӦȴûнý꣬ʵҪˡ
ŽһϵϾĳˣԼķӱȥˣ˲Źء
ӣҸ㣬ûصĻԶҲԭģѾ㺦СҵǼ飬ҪҸˣȥұŸȥӦⷬѽӶһ
Ӧϵջˣ»ûˣӿ֪ͲôӦϵģںˡ
뵽ӱƣҪȥ͸͸ȴһϤϤܿûˣϸãҲûٴΪԼĻþ
ڽӻ֮󣬴ӽܳŮģסԱߵϱϱ˵˵Ķ᲻ģϱʵ
˸պߵɢû뵽һڣǽǣǲӦ˳ˣ˭֪һ˲˵Ķ濴ӳţæڽ
ҾÿܾˣյҲۼˣ;Ρϱⲻ˵飬ȻǽѾ㺦Сҵ顣
ϱϱĻҲ鲻ǼٵģǱ˵:û뵽ѾССͣȻĳ
ϱԶرĸȤȤģǽǮ棬ϱͬˣţϱ˵:ʲô˲ģֻҪüıҲһ档
ϣӦϺͽСһ˯ӻӦȥŸˣΣֻڳպһҹ
ڶһ磬ӦϱκóƱеӣȥ˽Сҵӡӿ˶һģвһ˿ᣬһΣŭˡ
СҿӦһĲˣȰ˵:Ϊˣɲֵûˣһģֻ벻ʱȫ̸㡣
ӦȻ֪СҷӶܹ࣬Լ˵Էˡ
ڶ콪ӺͽСȥϸ½ٿСҺǿģСҲ׼˵ĳ˳٣˵һֱɵЦ
½ģЩ޿κΣһֻСҵĻǱ㽫Ըȥѧõ˽СңϣȰȰ٣ϾûϹѧĺӣûʲô·
С飬üû뵽СһƢҲô󡣡ҵĲ²⣬ȥѧõԭΪ㣬Ǿһܼ㣬ȥѧãʮ¶һԼŲȥ
СΣû뵽ҲܳΪɣ½һôСĺһҪȥģһʶԺɶ¶ܸɡ
ΪҲŲȥ𣿡Сʵǳһ飬ͰѾ¶ģܽС˵ʲôȥġ
СҿһҲǱͶ˵:ҪҵĻѽҲסҼҡ˵С˵:ҵ˫̥磬һѧ飬ѧԺԸһ


93 Ǹ
ٿŽСңֿ˿СЩҡˣոµľҲˣСҿȴ:ҪǲȥĻͲϲˣԺҾ㲻ڼҵʱ
ʱ򣬳ٻǶҡˣСвѽ
ôȥȥ飿СʵȻټĲԸǿص˵ͷҲգΪܼСңȥѧ
½ԶţСҾȻôɾ˵ͷС¿ɵΪС˴Ĵָĵ:ȻҪ˼ƲЧ
ؼҵ·ϣ˼룬ҲӦϲףʱӦϵԼޣСȫԼϣǼڻǰǸӡ
Լ㲻ϹӲţϱӣͲǵĺˣӦϻУ鲻ȶǿ϶ģԼ̼ȥԼˡ
ֻҲŭӦϣʲô¶޲ˡ
뵽ߵ·ʱ򣬽ӴȻȥԼۻϣҪӦõĶӦϣ˳ԭ¡
ȥֻһ֬˱ǣ֬ȫֲɣִһֻѧʣ־иҲǿõġ
ԭֻΪǵС˵һֶȥϱģŮ˶ϲֶģûֶĽҲɵ㶵ǮˣȫȻûзֵСʮͭ塣
֬б㲻ʲôˣôССһоͻ˰ӣҲ֪ӦǮôĶ᲻
صҵĽҲ֮ǰǸӲģ΢ЩظӦϵǸӦϿûǺƢûأôԭ½ӣ˵ˣҲһεһѵǲܳԡ
㲻ͰȥҲ⼸ӣûһøáӦû˵
ܣôˣӦϴûи˵ֻĵλƺѾһǧˣӦ϶ǿпˡ
ͱˣ鶼ҵĴҲ̫嶯ˣҲûа취𣿡Ӽ˵
Ӧȴԭ½ӣû:ûа취ѵͲ֪پ𣿡
ӿӦϼȻӦԵķӣӦþǴɿˣͷ˵:´һѧһ
Ӧ˵֮û˵ˣĬУֻԹԵ˵:㿴ǱҲһˣȷʵǲףҪծҪӵġ˵æ죬һСģ˵ˣӦϡ
ӦһɶҲû˵ĬһŽ˵ĻҲûеȻЩҲһˣûжߣԲǧټƵӽҪ˷ӹȥ
Ǿǧ򲻸õľƽӣûϢѷ˵˾ˣҲͬ·ӣ档
ʱ򣬽ϴˣҲһˣϼһͣɵҲˣǶԽӵ:û˵ôôһܹǲɣֻҲܰΨһʹȨǣȥǣԺǵ⣬Ҹû꣡
ӼӦ˿ڣҲ˿ȻӦûͬϵ棬ӦǾĻ㹻ˡ
뵽ӶͷķҲһɢӦĶǴӻ֬ͳӦϵͷͳţɲʲôɿˣ˵ʲôĻ˵ڡ
ӦϿͷ֬㶣СʱҲùֶԴӼ޵ûôùֶˣΪûǮԲˣжǮ֬
ͷĶӦζӳ£ⶫȻˣѰ˼ģֽһǮ־Щϲ⽪ľګ˰뱲ˣ֪ˡ
ʱ򣬵ֵճɵʱ֮ǰոȣǵĺʲôȫˡ
ӦϺִŶӶϱǰææߣָӦϺȥӦʳ
ŪӦҵģȥլæŽɶʵʵڸɻҲûʲôûʲôҪвɵ÷˵㣬ѾϴεӰˣһεĻôҲԲˡ
ʱɷǵŽӺȾƣһ죬ŸϽ˷ȥϢû뵽͹¶ǣҲˣ˵Ҳ֪ò˵ˡ


94 
ɴӽ׳˽СҪƻƺӾƵ飬˵Ӧ׬˲ǮӦþɴ˶ģϣɶ׼Ʒơ
ػصң˵ʲôʲô£׷׶ǵˡ
ߣӦϺͽСȷȷʵʵʼ׼ƻƺӾˣӦϱͺһ𣬿̯
ϱԭҪ͵ѧӦϵ棬ҲеİƵ֭ûеôҲʲôá
ֻܿӦϵ̯żͷһ²õıǰ첻ˡ
ǳΧٵʱϱܵӦԱྣӦΪж㣬ӣԭЩĿϱԽơ
ţ˱˵ѾͽСҵˣӦϱֵһķȻϱԤƵУҲͬӦվͳһսߣ˵ǽѾɵģѽСƽЩۿġ
Ӧ˵Ȼһ˿ֵֹĸооллϱǹԼ뷨˵̫⡣
ϱķһ㣬ԭϱô죬ֲ²ϱͼģģ˵:飬ߴöˣֿҲû˵ڵ˭˵öء
˵꣬ԱߵĺϾʹߴӦ̯ҪȥˣϱĻû˵꣬ĿҲûдɣû˵ˣֻƵػؼȥ
صңͿѾҪȥϴ·˸ýʱ򣬽Ѿغһ䡰ƺ鲻
෴ϱʱأҲ֪Ӧ·веͨĻİ취
ʱѾϱɵЦڿ:ӴҪȥϴ·ѽ֪ǽСұŪˣ㻹Ҳȥӱߡ
ôһ仰ѽѾ䵽ˮŵ˵ϱѾģһӾˣڽѾǰ˵:ڿΪû֪
ڰʾԼ˸쿴ԼǼ𣿽ѾĵԽԽ£úܣǱָ֤ˣɾͳԲ˶ˣǼҴҵϴ·æҸϡ
ؼҵ·ϣӦҲ˵ϱ飬Ϊ֪ϱͼֻװʲôҲ֪
뽪Ѿɵǵ¾ջ𣬸ҶСҳ֣׷Źġ
ҵ֤˱ˣ㲻ܽѾȥٸҲǺõģպôĲ񣬲һӦ˵
ȻҲͬĹ۵㣬ͬѾˬͬӦĺӣôô󣿡飬Ҫúһ˵˵
ӦѾȲˣ鲻ãһǷһպһʱʱ̿ġ
Թ֮ϱܵˣſھ飬˵԰Ӧ֤ˡӦϱΪûȥһ˿ĺڣϱģҲҪԼǱҲͬˡ
ϱȻɵʱ͸ӦʲôӦɡ˵Щлŷֿ
ڶ죬ӦֿѾڽϻεѾӦϾ񿴼ʲôһ㶼㲻˲Ͻкˡ
ӦϿѾǸҴææӣΪΪϴε飬ҼԼǹ˵:ܸʲô㽫Сƽ֤ˣҿô졣
ʵϣ⻰ֻΪ˿һ½ѾģŽѾôĿ£ȴû˶һ;÷ѾͱϱһӦʵǱסˡ
Ӧ˵Щû⽪ѾˣͦһȥɻˡѾӦϱصӰжݣ౻˵Ѿֻһ
ʱ䣬Ѿһֱڷ˿֮ϣϴȥҵ鼸Ϫ嶼֪ˣҽӦϵԼʱ飬ͷ˽Ѿ
Ȼûֱ׼ȷ˵ǴҸݸִԣҲ³˸:Ѿͷ棬Ҫ޻СңСƽηɱļ󣬵ǽСȴûǾ˺һˡ
ѾͽСҵȻҲѧĺ֪ʹû׼ȷ֤ݣ־Ҳѧ˵С¼˶ϳϡ
СͽСȻ֪࣬ҲŽСңǱ־˳ͻ־˶ڵģСͲĶ֣ܿ콪СС˾ͳԿ·硣
ʱ˶˼Ӱѧõſڣ־ϸȥ˱Ǻأ滹żСˡ


95 ܵĺ
ֻ˫ֻǰһϷģ
Ӵүݹ٣Ҫӳİɣ־ɴżֳЦ˵
ȻҲζһԵСʱͬ˵:ܳĲӬ˵˷
־˵һ仰ѾеҲǲôСǰʧӵԵʡС˵ĻȴӦҲûٸؼˡ
ؿųĬˣЦЦ˵:һСӵķݶϣһΣ⣬Ҳ֡˵꣬һ̯С˰İϵĿϷˡ
ȻûϵػԺؿ˽Сãû뵽־ɴ˽СҲֻһԿϷ˿Ϊ
С˼Χľƣϵ˿ڣЩضԺ˵:ˣҼСҸϣҲó룬޸ˡ
һС˵Ļɫ˲ˣȭͷյÿ֨֨죬ƺһҪˡ
үҪҪСǰѵһһһԵСʵôԺ˵ˣûмء
־ҲһϷģǰˣСȻҺͺض죬ܹصĻСܿҪùˡ
һŭȴûһж־ɲЩʧû뵽һͿ˺ص˵ͳһӰ
Ǻصδʫ־ɾķչ棬Ǳ:Сˣ˵ҵС֪ͷģҪҵС㻹Ϊ˵һ
ʫ־һۣ־ɵ˼һ濴˼ҵС죬ôҲһСѡԹֱߵصߺ硣
СҲ־ɵĻŭˣ֮ǰҵ˵ͷǽСҴģҸҵʱ˵϶Ҳʵ˵ʫԺͽСҿۣ
֪飬ðµ˵֪ſںߣҲҪ㲻ùСҧгݵ˵
ʫҲһǵСȻвԼʱҲǻðɣӵ˽СһۣںصԱƵرתȦ˵:˭ͷѵСһѲûиǣ˵꣬ںϸһ:ҵҪ˭˭ù
⻰˵޲ʾǽСģСţ²ʫ⻰ʵԣǼСë˶ʫİʾΪСҲǴͷˡ
ʫﵽԼĿģСɫģ;ͷˬ˲ֹһ㣬ǱѾߣź뿪ˣ־ҲһС˼źݻСԺҲ뿪ˡ
ѧ֮󣬽С·ĥĥţС󿴽СܲԾôˡ
Сϵ˿ڣ˵ͦۡüͷ˵:ӻȥСҺҪˡ
С˿Сϣ֮ǰ־ǻȭͷ϶ŽСкԼûܶصˡСһԥԥӣ˵:Ҫɣȥ½סҾȻȥǣ˵ͳٹϵãסһˡ
С˽С⣬ҲŲɺֻҪС¶ڣǶԸȥˡ
ֻǹ˽Ժ˵ˣסһסʮ壬Ӧǻ֪ģһֱǽСĺܲӦϼΪԼģýС֪Ǵܵԭѹ
һȥ½ң֮СԼȥˣҲһС˿ڣӦ˵ˤһ¡
½˽Сһ˿ڵģæҩҩǺ˭ˣС˵ԭί½̾˿οСú飬ȡ˳ϢȻͱ˸۸ˡ
⸻˼Һͨ˼ҵڴˣ˼۸ȥһسӣͨ˼Ҿֻܴˡ
һԵĳȻҲ˽С˵ĻжͣΪЩûȥ飬û뵽һûȥѧãǡô飬˾ˣｪСҴͷ棬̣
СӦæƣӾƺƻҲȫʳ¯ˣ׼ؼң֮˵ϱҪ֤˵顣
ԽʱʶʱǿŮ˾˳ʲôֻǵúģӰˣ˳ǰܻǵһһӡûˡ
ڶЩرˣֻҪûг̫ӣҲûʰѾˣϾൽû˯˼ЩǱҪӦȲҪżҪ̥¾ͲҪˡ


96 ѰС
ӦϿɲɣԼҵСɻѾȴֺеģŷӵｪСңͲ죬ֻҸѵһ½Ѿ
Ҳѵ¶û꣡ӦϷ߷ߵ˵
СҲӦרȲŽѾֺҶԼҲкġ
ӦǸᶨģСֻĵȰ˵:ǵ۹ҪδǮ˵£ҲرǮˣǽѾ˶Ǽ޸һҰǺαҪءǲʶô㲻֣Ҳѵѵǵġ
ǰӲҪеĺӣһСͷģҲһȰ˵뽪ѾȣںŮŮ
˵ãڽӦϸȰסˣȥϿŽСµӣ۵ý
ڶ죬СһҪȥƣ֮ǰرӦһúú̥ͷ鶼ûӦҪõӦڵĴӦԺ󣬽СҲŷĵ뿪нСͽСӦòʲôġ
һΣСҲŪӾƺƻƣŪ˵ʯƣԴùֶ׬˲֮˶˹ƣ޲ðеˮɾơ
ʱ䣬һֱ½ڸذŽСҰõľ͵ڷȥڷĸɶòСң;Щ档
һ½СʱŲżȻ֪СȻǽСҵĸ磬žͷ½͵ǱǴģС˴Լ鷿һԵ飬˵Ҫڷ磬һȥѧð͵С
ʵϣٶҲԭģȻԵ޹ʵһˡ
Сǳ𾪣ʶŵģмνСԶԶָֻŲʶСѡ
ŸС˵½õ鲻ԣǱ㽫Լĸ˽С
СǻϲīҪ¼Ȼ︻ˣһֱԼģʡЩӣԼӡ̡ͨһ鳭ҲѾܹǵø߰˰ˡ
ŽСȻҪ鳭ʱĿɿڴδ˻ҽСҲ䶼ѽ
СƺŵĿ⣬ԹԵسˡŻҪʽСǻ˻־ͰⱾ͸Сˣеֽ˹ȥ
˵СҰæأҶûʱأﻹ˵ϸ;ġССңǵش
ңһֽʯƵĶ˵ζܲءСֲ˵űһĭ
˽СĻû뵽СҾȻôæҪȥСҵʱ򣬽СԼֽ˹ȥԹԵس
źΣԼ˵ˣⱾ͸ΪʲôһôԽ
ҿɲҪ飬ҳˣ͸͹ȥҳ鲻ΪʡǮĴôС˼˵
ýСԼȥҽСأ˭ϽСôҲвؼʱƳ˽С⽪СʶģŽСһȥ͹ơ
СһҪԼ·ȻǺܻϲڷĸɶӽã˵ȥǱӵһ飬뵽Со·ʮй⡣
ſСҵʱֻһԶָǶһһȺǰָָ㣬쵼ķ緶
ųôֻԵĴС㣬֪֮ŮδĸŮ˰ȫ֣ƽڷ佪СҴܸɣЩ̫ţû뵽һһܸɶݽСˡ
Сæߵ飬ŷֲԶվһӰճյؿԼϳ˴֮󣬽Сæк
ô氡Сһ߲Լһʵ
ȻζԼ⸱ģʵʧСȥ׼սһС˵û߼ȴֵˣΪǿضһֵĳζ
ôô˿ʵô󣬻ûֵط˵յζѬˡ
Сҿűӵ˻ȥΧζȷʵйζһЩľƺ;ɢģѾŵϰˣһʱ䶼ζĴڣСҳǸЦЦȥһɾĵط
źò׿͸͸ˣŽСĻ¹ЩǿЦ˵:ζ֮£Ժ󳤲ߡ


97 Ӧļױ
СЦЦȻǲģӰ켤طڣ鲻ðˡ
˵СΪʲôô첻Ӱ̸ȴ˺ܶڽСҵ⣬ûþѾѽСҵնʳˡ
ӦϺϱţ֪ҪʲôãǴ˼ҵĺӣͨĶ벻ķۣһγԶ˼ҿˡ
ȻҲŪЩöſӦңһСҺ̸Цģ͸ĽʣССӻṴˣҵĹӶˡ
СҲһЩԾǱߵļĸ߿أﲻֹ֪Щʲô˻Ҫ΢һЩȽϺãϾֵطеҥԺƽ
һСҾͰӸ˽СҪȥһȥԼָԵģͻȻСҲ֪ʲôԡͦ㣬˵ʲôУСұ³档
ų棬ͷСҵ鴫ôЩĶûгԹȫȫԼЩǽСԼŪˣϾ
ų˶ֱԼЩ˼˲׼뿪СҾųεܲȥǸŴ˵Լľƣÿһ̳Ҫڷȳ
һžԼͽСȣǸÿֺеĸҹˣǰΪһ˿ԺУɶоûˣ֮Ҳ֪ôˣȻҪڽСǰֱԼ
ż̳лСңʵһʲôʱã԰æϵ裬С˵⼸Уõطˣ׼ϵڷ磬һˡ
ϵ˿˽СȻߵĺ֮ܽ󣬷׷ǰ֪ô˼ڷġ
Сֻһͷ飬ĵظǼԼľںڷҺϵ֪ΪʲôӼҿôĻǮ·ˣԭǰڷ硣
ϢܿʹϪ壬˵飬æȥ˽ҿôˣʱѾˣֻ˵Ĳϲ࣬Ҳࡣ
ﻹЩֻҪͽСҲľǼҾƵǮĲϻܶľƣʱҲ½ӲԼˡ
æЩϱвսѾϱв֮󣬽Ѿ÷ǳ£صҾͰϣҲʮֺ£ʱǱֵúܻңֻ»ŽѾֻðο飬;ķ
֤ˣ׻˭أ
ӦߣϱͻӦ˵飬ӦϵӦСҶԼУ֪Ҫ̥Ҳһֱûϱ
ϱӦΪģżȴֲֳܱÿζƵػؼҡ
˼죬Ĺܼұˣ˲ӣȥڷһЩܹǧô׬ôӣһ˶˻ˣְϴεķ䷽ǮȻһ
ֻɲ֪ԼѾӵǧӵĴ󸻺ˡ
ֻǷǮʱһ飬ŮӦҪˣǮԽԽˣŮҪ޳ȥˣܲЩϱʾܿĺӣǱҪҪױǮ
Ӧԭʮӣֽôһ⣬ȻҪһǽСҾʹԼһ˶ʮӦļױӦǱǷ񻹻Ͳˡ㲻ʮҲһͨͨʮˡ
ʱȥϹ䣬ǮˣܻܲǰһɣͿزūˡСұҪȥϵģҲһ
ϣСҾڽԼͷ־Ȼţû뵽ôɡ˴кӦԭͶԽСҺܲˬķͷ϶һ˸ռˡ
ʱǰȻûжĶǿˬҽСң˻һҹӣôýС䲻ţб۾͵ؿŽСңҪСô˵ġ
ϽСҴк֮󡣿ûпţֱӿţʼ˯ʱʵЩˣһ۾˯š
뿪СңȴǡÿӦһؿŽСңǱԶӦ뿴ҪˣʲôС
ӦһͷͿһԱĿ⿴Լ·ҪԼһǾͱסˡ


98 
һ÷꣬趼æֺýСң׷ҪС·Сû취ѣֻÿ˸ԼһΪȲ÷ҪһЩʱգֻһ＾ģġ
ʱǳ˲٣֮ǰ·Ҳഩˣ뵽Լǳʱⶣ÷һ
ʱһӰ˲÷꣬СϳλԼԵʫ滹źأŲµԭ򣬽СҶԶԶģʫǰ
Ǽˣʫǿ˽СңʱûйƣҲûǰҲ֪ǲͨˣҪŹԼˡ
ʫһ÷꣬еСǰȥкϾҵС㣬С۰Ͱ͵شȥ
ʫͣһ޵ɫƥǰ鲼ǾúÿΪЩĿġ
Сʫɫĸע⣬Ǳǰƨ:С۹⣬νƳ·Сϣضǹˡ
СһɫӣĶһ㶼ޱȵģҲ֪ôܴҲνν÷ٷ֮ʮһӣνӺ󣬾Ǿǲв÷ӵôνСȻǻ˵ġ
ʫɲںСǲǻ˵ģֻõСƨЦЦ˵:ȻֶҲǰèܼԦģϲ̨Ѿͷ䲻ϡСպýС˵ĿͶСҵķ
Сһ㶣ѹǰôһ˵׻ǱŷӵԼãС㣬Ǽװû
СҲ⻰ŲͬѰζ˵ʫĿ⿴СңһӾסˣԼôһƨָˣ´Ҳ˵ˡ
ʫСҶԼ䳰ȷû˿ķӦ¸Ҫָյͱغֹ:ˣ
ʫһؾȻֻŽСңд󷢣ŭ:ֻСˣʲôҺãҽ첻úʰ
һץסʫֹ£ȻʫߵѾ߰ʫ÷꣬Լ˽Сһۣ͸뿪ˡ
ʫίֵòɿˣʫһˣԼͻ˺ˡĸҪԼʫţŲأû뵽һž˽Сң̫ˡ
СҶȺ˵±ʾ˿νԹԵߣȻ󼸸轻˶һ½ҡ
Էʱ򣬽Сʳٽѧʲôٱ㱳гӽ̹־˳СæٹҪٺúѧҲĻѧУͦġ
ٶ鵹ûжȤֻǽСҷԸ飬ҪȥãһСҿʱѧϰľͷҲһ˿Ȥ
֪׬˲ǮͷǺܼʵģڴ߿࣬˵Ӳĸ֣ҲշշǣԴ˿ʼ˵ӼҵĻˡ
һ˵Ǯ˵˵һƷ⡣ϢӦԲ·ǿĵòˡ
ϱʱҲڰӦ˵˵Ӧôôʹ£˻⽫Ӧ˵ְӦ÷
һӣӦϾҪźЩۣʱӸũȥˣСͽСҲȥˣͷֻʣӦһڣӦϱϱͬ£˵лǼ˼ۡ
Ǽ˵һ˵ӦͦŴӻԼһĲм˵ȷƨ:ͦŴӳŻ˭ػзѽΪ˼Ǯ˲𣬻ÿ¡
Ӧ⻰ʱŭˣƽƢȻãԼ׽˻ǺܺƵģû뵽ھȻ˵Լ˿£Ǿǰʣ飬ǲ˵Ļպ󱣲׼˵¡
˭Ǹһģ˵:СҸɵĿ㻹֪𣿷ǵ˵ȻýַھӵĶ֪¡
Ӧһ⻰ȸղŵʱӼˣСҸǲݱŭ֮µӦϲͳȥ˼Ҹ:ͷǽѾģǽѾҼСңŲùٸȥ
һԵĽѾӦϵĻͷǷŭҾͶѾ֪ˣӦϻŵ˵ܲޣ뵽﷢ݣѾ˵ʲôˣֻǵûڲϵʲô


99 Ѳ
һƬңֻǵ˴:ˤˣȻһȺ˱ӿȥˤ˾ӦϣѾȺд޺ţҪǾȾӦϣûм˸ȥæ
飬Ƕ㻹ôܰͰ͵شȥɵģǿⲻ
ʱ򣬰ｪС͵ũ½ӦϼҲԶĵطֺģȥ˼ۣ˭֪һӱ㿴ӦˤڵأΧһȺˣ⿴ɶҲɣѾһԴĿ޺š
½ûҪǰȥӦϣֻܲȺҲʲôŮܲףӦϱ˼ҡ
Ӧ۵ǺѾһһŮģ֪ܲԼҪˣӽͰ͵ĺȥнš½˼飬Ҳûɶ˼ǽѾͦɿȥҽš
Źһƺرһˤǰ̥λûԺôҲѾѲˡۿӦɫҰףѾûжڼˣҲû׼ͷֻɫҰ׵ܳ˵Ϣ
ѶϻĽϢҲһƨڵϣСͽС󼸸ҲֻнС٣ӦѲ̫ͼˣڹŴѲͼ൱ûа취ˡ
СҲ˴˵赲һۼӦûмСڿ˳
ӦְｪСĨᣬСңҪˣû£ֻ׿ܿ޵һˡҪ۾Ҹ˼ңľˣúտǡ
СӦϵ֣ҡͷ˵:УǶҪչˣķóˣûԷʱǿʳʣǲûġ
СֻԼûӦϽ뵽Ȼһ㣬ˣСæתȥҽţʱĽҲһΪѣ֮£Ҳ޿κΡ
ҪȥɣȻǸˣҽ߳а취鼱֮£뵽ӣҲ˳İƤƸˡ˻Ҳ٣λҽЩҵĽŶǿࡣ
СﻹܵҽôֻҪһ취Ͳæ˽ǸĵַСѾӵܳȥҴˡ
ϣСÿҵţȴ֪ڼңʿŵȥȴ˵֪Ҳ֪ǲΪýСððʧʧģⲻΪĲ֪
СֻȫڼңҲ֪ȥڿôźãѾ˵ĴֻڿƣƵΨһˡ
Ѳ𣿽Сֻû䣬ûа취ӦϽڻûа취ӦϺͶӵĺӣѲɾؿҲ߲
ʱ򣬽СҲ˹½С鼱֮²ԼʲôõСҿŽСˣæץס֣˵:磬ȥѷԲеĽŶҹȥǣܱסŮӶˣʮ
ʮǴĿһ˼Ұ뱲ӲóԺˣҲᾡԼȫ
СԼãּСƺûҪԼһȥǱʵ:أ
ҲҪңȥ죡Сʮż˵ÿһһ붼ʮҪģΪԼӦϴΣյľ硣
СҲ֪Ľԣ˿иǣСһҴ򣬶شϴˣȥΧĵطеĽŶҹϣЩһЩʲôô
ҼСңզÿһһҵţĴûпѵĴȻ֪ģϣãܹһ˿ϣ
ȻÿˣõĽһģûп˶ԽСҲͷȻ˴꣬СʵΪʱȻûһ˿԰õп
һߣˣĺ꣬һҲݣͣ꣬û뵽ݣߴһһĿû֣鲻õʱӲͷˣߵСȥ˸ߡ
˭֪С⿴һۣ˻Ժ˵:үߵ˺ǽλ
λ˵ǽСңƽǶô˵Сҵģ˿̼С⣬Ǽæأ֪Լ˽Сң϶롣
һС˵ĻʹӰûһʶ˲ԾСҿɲ׿ޱӵˣǽСҳʲô飬Żп޵øγϡ


100 Ҵ
꼱æܳȥСһֱһ㣬ɡں׷ȥһ˹ȻǽСңæѽСزݣΪʲô޲ҪҪôҲԼԼ
СһȥҴ򣬴ʱ˲ϺأΪҪԼϷǳźش:֣飬ң
رСһԼСƵĿУֻᵷѽһѽС˻˫̶ֹסСҵļ˵:ôˣ˵һġ
Сһ㶣·ץסһһľͷæƱػ࣬ɳɤ˵:ܰҵҵĴ𣿾λ򡣡
˫һģ򲻾ԼŽСҾԼﱼϣС˵ںң˷ܵһֱʽСǲġ
صȻ鿪ЦڼصģػصңקŴҪߣ򱻺صļƸˣŻû룬:ȻȻ뻹ûаأ
ؿҲǲɶȵæſȡˣֽӦϵһ˵ۺӣԺ˵:ҪõĻȥ׼һЩҩġ˵ţֽһЩҩĵ֡
ʱĹʲô᲻ѽֻ֪˷ʱˣǷɿشСȥ׼ҩģ˫ݡȴߵŪԺ󣬾Ŵҩģɱȥ˽Сҵļ
ҺصʫкأûʱᡣʫһָŽСˣû˵߷ߵ̫̫ܵ밲ʵǴʲô
̫̫Ҳֻ֪Ϊ˾ȽСҵΪʲôҲżҲĪֻǿķݶϣɺȥˡ
ʫһشȥΪ飬ñӶˣӦֲ˭ʲô⽪СһǸӣȻεأˣת취úСˡ
լߣѾŸ˵ӦѲˣһ£ֿ˻ϱͲҪˣҪΪڻԼǧ˳ΪӦϵĴڣӸͭ嶼ҪӦϵǺ޼Ӧϡ
ʱ˵ӦѲӦϺͺһ˲źãҲʹˣ̨ϵ黹ҪģŽϺװѹӸӼҡ
һСҼұӦϵķ䣬˵һ˽㣬иҲ಻ʮżȻСҶ˻Ҳɲýˡ
һѾˣǶǳʮģûļҽϻôأȻǶʮӺܸȤȴ޲ߣʹҲûа취׬Щӡ
һţСұЩŽ˳ȥ˶鷳Ӧԭ뽪СҿЩģӰԺԼӣСҼҪӦϵߣʲô顣
Сˣ㱻ȥӦϼҩСҿӦϼûʲôˣɵüᡣϢҲϹϽѾ޿ģСȥǸߣߴ:ʲôޣҪ޵ĶԶġ
˺صĻҴ˵ˣֻҪװģضԺ˵:үôҵĶϱҽȥûйϵɣ
룬˵ϺӦϿۣϵķӦļƣǾܾϡ˵ˣĵģȥҲﲻʲôæֻ鷳
ԭҪȥӦѾĸģؾܾ֮ΪѣӦֲ˭ʲôȨֹԼ
뵽ϱҪӲؿϵľٶΪŭȻԼĻǴ˼Сˣһѽ˳ȥٽԶһõľɷ
˿ƣҲҺΪˣɼ˹ԹԵţȻ۽Сʲôشġ
æ֮󣬴űһӤڼӦϼλʹȥôӺûҩšСҿӤˣڴؿŴϣܴһ:ĸƽ
һȵףΪĵһ仰:ûʲô⣬ֻ⺢ӵ̫ãҲ޲ߣҪôǸϽȥҴƣ˵е취


101 Ӳ̫
СŴĻȫӴĿУ̯ܸоõ⺢ӵôãǲãǷǳá
СÿС̺ӣǸкΪû£۾ԵôСʱҲûкĿɫҲǲ԰ײ԰׵ģΨ΢ĺ߽Сճĺӻš
˴ĻСһѱźӣҪȥ￴ôСĺزۣûмá
һСңСͷһ꣬ϻģǾͺӣҲܲԼ壬ǱȰŽСҰѺӸСȥƣҽСٶһȽСҪࡣ
С룬㽫Ӹ˽ССһѱӣźص½һȥСиҪҪ
ӦϵĺһֱúúõģôͻȻҪˣӻûеԤڣôͻأ
һ˴ԽС˵:ˤһӣ⺢ӲǰСҺ˵˵˵Ѿ֪ıҪ࣬ʱѾӦϵߡ
СҺҪнѾʵ飬ȴһֱŲã֪ͽѾѲ˸ϵûʲô©ֻҪѾ©ܶ顣
ӦѾǺܻϲˣȻЭСҲ࣬ϸɻµǽѾûɵѽѾͳȥ
СҿѾһ㣬֪ͽѾѲ˸ϵСҲӦԼģҪô룬Ҫô֪ࡣ
ߣʽѾȻǲ̫ܵ飬һ㣬Ҳû˼
һԵʱҲϹæۼӦϵѾȶˣҪߣǽСһҹӦٳʲô״
ǴӦˣСһǷĲ£ӦѾ˯ȥˣȥĽССܵܣͳԲ·룬СҪ͸ʵЩơ
վСҾͷӦϷڴߵЬƺЩԾЬʪһ飬ʱû꣬ˮ
СץסʲôһæȥӦϵЬ˿ЬʪһƺʲôͣӦϵЬҲһͣһСĹ״档
ƽͣĨЬµĻͻúܻӦӦþΪŻġ뵽СüӦòӦԼȥģƽӦڼҲܰôһŪýȥȼš
ȻˣǾֻ˹Ϊ֮ˣӦϵЬĨͣӦϻɴ˶ӦϺе̥Ӱ졣˻ǹݶģӦϵ
ڵ:ΰⶫĨӦϵЬ׵ģӹô˵۾ġ
СæȥֳʲôûѾղŵĻҽһƬ㣬һ꣬пõĺۼĨøɸɾˡ
ȻˣǱֻ˼˭жˣ˼ȥϸղŵֻ֣нѾˣСӦ˵Ҫҵ֤ѾԼˮ֤ˣܽѾ֪飬ǸɴΪǿԸӦˡ
ʱ˹ҪСҳԵ㶫ܰԼˣǽСûʲôθڣһ뵽ܿǽѾģ;еġ
ʱҵ˴Ҵҵ˹˵ҵСжˣҪȥơСŴ򣬲ߣˣӦٳʲôȥ
Сҿ˺żӣҲƭ˵ģӦϵѾˣǱͬȥˣ֮ǰ˷ıꡣ
˭֪ǰŸߣϾԺоСҿϷı£ΪϷģ
ȻΪϴεϲǳʷʲô˵լţжˣǵҪҴ
Ѿˣ˵ˣ˼Ǿ˵ģҵţû˵
ֻܷ߷ߵػȥţ˵СҲ˼ţŴصңѾ˵ţ飬æˣʲôãţܿˡ
ϿŵڵϵĴˮţڵϿţôũûظôأ
ϸ֮󣬽СҷֳԼңæ˽ֻ黹ûнСҲûйྡ
ǽСͳ˵ʲôƽС˵ʲôٶ˵ҲһƲֵӡ
⴫һϢ˵ϼҵĴˮţǳʲôˡСʱŷֲԾٵ:ǲҩҵţ


102 ĺ
ԭֻǽСҵĲ²⣬û뵽ǣپȻͷˡ
̹жŪ޵ˮιҵţ˭ƽ۸ǵġ˵
Сҷ⺢ӻǻѧãǳŲõķչģĳ˵:ˮţûдǽҵ̣ԺҪѵҪţˣ֪𣿡
ٵ˵ͷ˵:ڽҸ¶𣿡
Сһ⻰ʶԼղ˵Ļˣæ˵:͸Ӳˣѵ˵ķʽк֣ܶǿ԰ǰ߹ٸıӦˡֻ򲻿֮£ֻ˺Լ֪𣿡
ˣĬΣ֮˵ͷСұôһ֣ڵõ滺Ҳľ⣬ֻǽСһֱûлҲ˯š
ʱСˣ߽С˵ܵû£úžСʱӦҲתѣԼĺû£ȻȻȴźʮֿġ
ΧھҲ׷׹ţοӦϣ˵ȻһĿ;ţôĸƽҲǸ¡
СҪӦΪѲʱһֱҪҩιӣӦ룬Ҳͬˡ
ʱ򣬽Сҿ½ͽСһۣ˶Ĳɵģ˵СܵѾûˣӦÿĲŶԣԽСұһ˿ĲԾ
뵽ĳֿԣСȥһӦϵĺӣ֮ǰһǸӣȻӤö࣬ǽСҼסǸϵһСС룬ûС
СؿӣⲻӦϵĺӣӦϻ˯һ룬СҵҪˡΪӦϿСæ˳ȥССҵ飬æ˳
ӲǵܵܣǲǣС͵͵ʽС˵
Сԥ˰ΣʵԥʱСҾֻ֪࣬Űˡ
ӻûϾûˣǼġСԥ֮˵仰Ҳ˳
Сԭȥˮʱ˳ôţҲˡСʱ˵:ҲãҪٿһͲˡ
ӵãֻ⺢ûиֻϣ±ӺúȻСҲŹǸʹ˵ġ
ᣬСұǸСܵܣԼգĬĬ˵:ӽǼҵĺˣҵĵܵˡҺС磬ﲻκ֪
Ӧһˣһ˵Ӧ˶ѣȫһšϱӦϿӦϲϱȥ˴ʲô֣£ĸƽˡ
ӦϺҲźһ˵Ӧϣ˵ӦίöҪˡ沸ϽæȰ˵ӵŮˣɲܿޣʱ²ġ
ӦϺͼҪ˵ţ˵ӦˤϱɵģҪһ˵
һͽϱˣֻϱֻһؿŸӦϵǸ˵ʱֻ˵ӦϣûҪӦϡ
ӦʱҲѾζˣϱΪԼãͲԼȥЩˣϱʱΪԾϱѲ˸ϵ
뵽ӦˣôţҲĺӴ⣬ҪӦϺ˵ܾôˣϱڳ˶һεġ
뵽ԼӦϺ֪ҪҪڳˣͰƤӸɶˣֶģá
֪ܼ֣õĻֻ٣õĻͷˡӦϼںǮˣǴŵļƾܿóҲܵ˼ȥֻ뵽һ취
ϣ˳ȥѵʱڳ˶ѾҪһ⳥ӦϿʧҪ⳥˴ӦܵĿࡣ
ȵȣûô򵥡Сҿ˶ˣûڱһ˵
ȫСңﲻˣ׷׵ŽС˵һСĿ֮£ӦЬ͸ҿһȫȷʵ򵥡
ϱһͣһĴȣ˵:֪˭ɵˣ鼴ЩϵҲɵģʱ˿ܹϴΣʮҪġ
˿ϱ˵ֻ˼۽Ѿ˵:һǽѾɵģ


103 ˮ
һͼˣϱ:ƾʲôҼҴѾģɣ
ϱҲϵĿţŲ˵:ʱǽѾסģ˵Сһ㣬Ҫˤˡ˭֪ˤˣɾ
ҲǺ۸ģ:ûƾûݵĻҲ˼˵֤ݣˤŵʱֻ㿿˭
ԽԽʱļƣС÷ˣһǶ졣ѾزˣСҲŹ¶֮ˣƾӦβ˶ģʮа˾žǽѾΪȻˣ͸Ѿһ
˵̼ҵţԵ޹жˣһйȥˣǽͶʳĲаһֶݣ֪˭ιţС˵
ţΪֵҪߣǲɱģ˻߲ˣ׼֮󣬲ɱǻεġ
ţҪʱܵһ˱޻ѾϣӦá
һ£Ž糿ιţˣǽѾҸݻҲ¿ɾͻˣͶݽȥǽѾǻᱻץȥεѽ
ѾҲ뵽һ㣬˵ӦϵҵĻˡ
һԵĺϿķչͬӦǽѾģǾΪӦϳŽѾȥţѾǴ˵ˡ
ѾʱˣԼҪͽԿ࣬һԸ⣬һԿŽѾɵ㶵վεسŽѾ˵:ɵѾͷܰ
Ѿʱڻζ˹ԩܳţŸϽȥϣҽɰæȻԼϾҪͽˡ
С˾ں׷Ѿƽʲôܵÿ죬ôһ׷׷ϽѾۿŽѾʧԼһȺֻ
˵Ѿǽ˸˦ˣȥ·ϵһŵһںӱ߶飬ͷһװӵģһͷԽˮ
εԭ˼һ⣬û뵽ͨһһںͷţæ飬һͷ˽ˮѾ
һѽѾϣѾ͵ùǺһż˵:Ϊʲô£ο಻Լأ
Ѿĵȷȷ˼£ղŵڻһЩ£ӾĻһǾͳɱˣڰϣѾ˺üˮں
Ѿ⸱ģʵЩ޲ߣֻѾԺţˣﻹ˵:ίе˶ңһ֮ʹ졣
̾һԭί˲һʱͿǰŮȻѾˣȻҲ޳һֽٺĸоŽѾܶȫʪģҲòܽڴ˵أǱ㽫ѾԼҡ
·ϽѾѾ˻ԣֻԺ˵:ܹţԸӵľ֮
ͷŽѾģȻ㲻ϿΣʪ͸¶һҼĸомĶһӾܼһϱʮֵĻϲ
صУĵѾ̻¶ӣüͷæе˶˳ȥѾһɵѡ
ȥ˵壬Ҳ½ѾûѣȻҪһ
ղųѾʱΣѾͷԸ㲻˼ף뵽ɫЩѿԼĶǰѾţԺٷƵĻһѣȢһҰѾͷ
ڵһжȵȽѾ˲ܶᡣ
ߣСû׷ѾֻٵػȥϱҲû˵˽Ѿɻװ˵飬Դ˲𻵽Ѿ󣬱ҰעԼϡ
ӦϺҲȥҵ˽С˵ĶݣøˣǿʼŽѾţˣһʱﶼ顣
ҽΣѾܿˣŸĸ˵ίû˵Ӧϻüţж˵飬ֻ˵Ӧһӵ˶ѱ˸ɵϣҪץŵģʵܲ˲ӳϵʱʵģһʱ벻ˡ
ĸȻͬ齪Ѿ½ѾԼм׵飬Сʵ:ʲô㡣


104 
Ѿܲ᣿һ۾ͿҲ˵ģΣĵƢֺãǸˣԼøũȥȥҲʻˣ֮ǰӸɫǲģʮַҪ
ǽѾ˵:ܵöȣҸмҲͨˣΪ˸лˣϣܹڶңҲϣԼгһܹԩѩ
˼ѾȷˣҪѾ˼׵ԼĶˡĸ׺ΪѣѾĳǿϵģȲܶԼܻҪԼȥ˼ҡ
⽪Ѿһ㣬Լϱò绨ģʵ̫ˡ
ѾĸһĲԸӣ֪ԼĳǱ˵:ϪλЩҲ˲ӣξңһȥ֮󣬱ضźıлˡ
ĸһѾĿǣƺѾǮӣԭԸ˼Ҳȥ˲٣˵ĻǿԿǿǡ
ϱ˵˽Ѿ˼Ҳû뵽ȴһƤӲŲˡ
ĸ׵Ļ𽪴Ѿ֮ǰ˵ҪĻ˵ŶΣû뵽ԼҲ飬Ƕ˵:ףҲĻӱȡڻûϱҲΪѡ
ĸĸ׶Ȼϱر⣬ǼȻ˼ҵף˼ңǱǿͬˡ
ĸȽѾͻȥձסѾûһӦֻȥ˽Ҳ˵˴﷢飬ʱҲһż
ĸ׵һ˵ʾԼӻܿ׵ġɶ˱ҲڴѾµ飬ڼȻѾԼɾȻǸˡ
ֳȥҵ֪ǰͿţһѾʼԺٷƵˡŵĵλܸߣʹ֪ضҶֻҪ֦Ϊ˹ٷˣСôҲܲˡ
ֻǣֵľϪЩˣǱҪŰ취УȻûѽѾȢţѾѾץȥˡ
˶֪˽Ѿȥ˽ңСȥȥϣһӦϺ˿ɫ˵:Ѿˣʲô˵ҪСȻȥ˯
ڶ峿ѾȥʫҪʫæǰ˵ûͷǼѹȥϾ˵Լǻȥ֮Ҳ飬ѾȻҪЩԼˡ
ʫһмĿŽѾ˵:ƾʲôҪ㣿ǰΪ˶ԸСңȷʵһЩ£ЩýѾڰĻǴˡ
ѾЦЦ˵:ǰҶ֪һ֪ҵү֪飬᲻Ȣأ
ʫһѾĻɫͱˣԲŭ:вС㡣
ѾʫģЩҼ˵ȥǸԼ׳׳ӣ˵:ⲻвС㣬һΣԺֻҪҪĵطһ㣬˵ĵ˾ѣСҲҵĵˣȻŹС㲻ϰҵĻСɾͲһһܲ͸ˡ
ʫŽѾ˺һӾȻвԼһ뵽ѾոȷʵЩǱ㿪˵:ҪҰҲǲԣֻʲôҪæʱ㶼ҵģ
ѾȻЩϰʫƢԼҪҧҧͬˡҵԺ˳Ϣ˭˭Ļһأ
ʱ֣СҺͽСȥץҩС½ҿѾ͸˵ĵܵܣۿӣԼˣûʱʱ̿Ӧߣ⺢Ҳ
½ͽС֪СְԼϣͨͨ԰ο:⺢ûԵۼңʵ᲻ãﺢӳһ£±Եְɡ
С룬ܲ⺢һֱһȥӳȣ󽫺ɽϡ
ӻصңӦºֳ֮Űûˣ֪ĺչ
ʣµصһţӱӦϵˡļڿ죬ѾܾǵӦϻ˵˵һ飬˵Ѽţˡ
һ߲䣬ҲͼӴһѡһȻܲ⼸˵Ļ˵Ѿôݶ


105 
ӦϿŽǸŵģԼܵʹ࣬ԽǼʧӷŭ:ûôݶѲ˺ݶҪһ𣿡
ͬû˵ĻǱӦϳӦޡϲԼŮҪȥæȰ˵ӦϺס⽪ǲԵͷ֪ͷҪӦϽѵѵҲá
ӦϵĶ翴Ѿòˡ㽫ӽгȥвһӦһӦӦҵʱҲһ۰Сĵ˽Ҫôί
ӦϺӦҲ˳׳ΧŽӿţѽӵ潽һ롣ֻӦϺͣҲûôŮֻҪӺúô¡
ûа취ԸԼôŮɳɥĲ飬Ѿǰ϶ˣֻ񼸸Լ֤úô飬Ӧί
ӱ֤֮ȥլլûˣҲ֪ȥǽӱȥң֪Ӧϼڷͬ׵Ӧϣ㽫鶼˽Ѿϡ
ûϵҲ˵ĻǴģȻˣֻһʧشҳϱ
ϱŽӣʱ˵һ飬û뵽ѾȻƵԼˣͼӴһѡ
رѽӣѾĳĺӲǽѾӳȥһ˵Ҫ׷ȥҵ˵˳ʱҲ֪Լ⺢ˣ˭ʵ̫ˡ
Ϻһ˶լԭ򣬱ΪŽһңĸ׺͸֪һȺµģвЩҰǻ֮ˣǮ˼ҡ
ˣǻӴˣֻ˵˽Ѿͷ飬ԼϣԶ£ǻҪú˼˼
Ѿһ˶±տڲᣬûҪ˵׵뷨ǻɴֱӹſ˵:лܹҾĻᣬǶܹңСҲĸԸ
⻰ǽѾı⣬ֻΨ취ܲҵͬ⣬ֻҪҵţպôһء
ĸ׿ŽѾôϿңҲЩ̣뵽ԼĺޣѾغ򣬱ýѾۿžҪӦˣһԵ׼װ˼Ȼ˸ͷĸ׽鷿
ˣѵû˵ͷ滹޻ԼĶϱҪ˵
ĸԥ˰Σ˵:ⶫǲĻһأ˵һΪϴġҲ֪ϴѾͷӱüί飬Ҳûʲôϵ
ȻˣǱֻеŪʵǲٿǣѾˣȥ̽Ϣˣ˵ҵС֪ͷ˭ġ
ʱС˽˵С˵ˣͷȷʵǽСŪģѾȷȷʵʵ޹ģһҲΣȻôϲѾҲֻͬˡ
ɴ˽һѾףѡ˸ӣǾܳˡһ·Ͻ˵ѾԺǹٷˣǽСѹһͷ
һҲ֮ǰѾֵжףҡڵؽˣ˼ѾȻһΪѾǳԴʲôҩˡ
ʱڴڿ˽һˣۿžǹץѾġ飬Ϻͼƻˣ񽪴ѾѾףԺ󽪴ѾǹٷˣݸһȣԽӵݣûȨܽϵˡ
Ϻѹƽӣ¡ѾҲٺˣŵݲѰˣѾعƽƽҲҫˣرģڽСǰҫһСһĽԼ
˭֪Ѿһ³ϱͳ˽ѾѾ˵ڵأϱͽкˣϺһȫѹסѾԩ飬Ѿ޼˽ѾȻ׷Ź
ϱҲܽѾǸŮСģֱӼȭͷ˽ѾϣѾĽлһԵĽϺҲסؿŽѾס
ӿŽѾĿ޺ҲǺۣԼ뵽ôŮǱҪ顣
ʱ򣬽СҹˣҪ첿ͱҰҰ졣


106 ץ
СҰЩؿ˽һۣѾʧ͸ѾܹΪӦϺԼʲôˣԸҪﵷҲźá
ɱϴͷ飬Ѿζҵģˣ˭߻ģһΣ˵ʲôҲŹΪĻұûףСѵ˽СҵĻֻܵͷһĬĬվš
ѾѾǸڴŵδޣǰٷˣǾŹٷˣҲȥô·ϣһԿѾĹǺæȵ
˽Ļ˵ĶͣϱŽѾģЦ:ģҲϸڴţǺЦذɣ
ϱһŹ򽪴ѾȺҲЦͬŽ˵ĻѾҪû࣬ҪƷûƷĸŻῴ
ʱ򣬽ҵȴȫӲˣƿԼˣϱҲһƵڵء
ѾڴãͶϣҲݵܹģСҽѵѵǡʱҲ˵
ϱϼ˲˵ѣɻĿ۽ѾЦ˵:ֻɫ˼ҵĴ˼ҲѲİɣνѾôĿڲúвʡ
ѾˣⲻǰˮһҲ߳ŭϱĶҪŤһˡ
ˣСһ÷ⳳȥҲ޼£ǵͷۡ
ѾʱҲѾʰԼڵϹСҵˇNɪ˽СţҲڽСǰҫһǴģ
СҿŽѾģڿһСһ㣬ѾΪԼ˹ٷˣͿΪΪǽСϷʵؿŽѾ֮ſ˵ʲô鶼ٸ˵ȥɣ˵žͺϱһ𽫽Ѿţ
Ѿţƴߣȥ˹ٸѰˣǽѾŽСҺ㲻ңҿǹٷˣСҽ
Сһٷ˵ѹԼ?ЦһԽѾ˵ӷͬأССĹٷˣЩ˵ͽ˰ѽѾˡ
СĵҪѾͽٸ½Ѿвֻתӣ˵磬Ѿ㿴ųҲĺģôĿͽأдŹΰɡ
ӱסܣãҲｪѾƽｪѾҲֻǽѵѵһ¾ˣɴûҪԼŮηģҲ޿κΣڶֲˣԼĻð޿κΡ
ϱһԿŽ飬ɵ÷̵ӼģģôŽѾòİɣô˵ǽСҲ뽪Ѳ˸ϵ
ϱ˵ûߣ߳ŭ⻰ɲܺ˵ԼãȻʲôֻֻǱĵˣٲһ粨
ϱһȥ˲٣һ֮ţҪѾȥš
ĿŽѾţϣһֱţʱҲ˲ñˣһѹڵӷŹѾԸţıӡ
ӿСңûԼֻ̾һԼû£Լû̺Щӣŵһ˺ġֻ֪ǣڽѾһʱ֮Լĺزۣ֪Щ֪᲻ΪѾ顣
ûãСһʯĳĵģһᣬӦϵļȥ
С͸˽˼֪ҪȥӦϣֻҪӦ˿ڣѾͼˡСͶԼҪŵӦϣԵС󿴼֮󣬱һɱؼң˨ϣýݡ
ȥӦϵſڴؿ޺ӦϷŹѾȴûκλӦȻӦҲһϧӵˣǶڽѾˣǰʣˡ
ˣ㵹ȥŵ㣬ýѾүǷ߽ߴΪū飬ͱˣǲһһģ϶Խ˵һֱǺģӰ쵽ӦϢˣ뷨Ӱѽߡ


107 Բ
һ߽͡Ϊūۣһ£źϴ:ܣڿǰٷˣҿ˭Ҷ
ԱߵһЦʱˣŹٷ˵أҲ֪֪˽ѾУ᲻Ȣ۵Ůأ
Ϸ˸ۣ˵:ҲҾҪȥʸλүˣ㣬Ժú󽪴Ѿӻô飬һ׷׵ģ
˵ôҲεĵһˣǾƲԼģŲýѾΣײײܳȥˣҲ֪ȥ
ϿѾԶѽС˹ȥңѾ˱ץˡղ˵׷ףɲ˵˵ġ
Сڽ뿪֮Ҳ׷ϱţץţϵĽѾϱİסӲѣֻţϲϵغС
ʱ򣬽СҿţűѾĽкһֿ˽СҲţϣںеǸ˲ǽСң⵹Ĳ١
ֻΣƺģǱʷʲôϱǰ˵һ飬Ļſ򽪴ѾҲ
Ҳ֪ſѾͷȻͬ顣ϱ˵⻰һ㶣ɻʵ:Ŷ飿
ɲѾͷȫûһ˿ϵĶźö˶˵ôͿˣϱʱڷ޷޲ƽ˵
˽ѾȻбºΨһһλŶ飬˼˰̣æȥڷ磬ŵ˵󲻴˵СҲСֻ½СҴ˴λ谭
˹õĽѾһͺźԩһĲͷÿ˶⸱ģܲе㴴£
˽Сҽͷβȫһ֮Ҳ˸ţľصһģ̨µĽѾʺ:ǲ㺦˽СңƽֺӦϻѲ
ѾȻǲģŵ:ˣ鶼ǽСݺҵģǴıһԩңҪΪŮ
죬˵:ʲô֤֤Щģ
ѾʱҲ˲Ϻǰλˣҵ˵:ͷ飬ҵСʫΪ֤ڽСҵﻬ飬ĲΪ飬ŮСΪ֤
СһѾĻʶ˽ѾʫͨˣʫԼʹôӣѾǱȻˡ
Ѿȥҵ֤˹ˣ˵ǰŸߣСұһ˷糾͵ظ˹󻹸һСһȺСˡ
˭֮󣬽С̲סԾ˵:ôˣ
ڷ磬ֻڷͽСҶһۣͽе״ֽȥ˵:Ҳ֤С˵һжʵġ
֪ڷ粻ǣݣҲûҪΪһСѾͷ٣ǱƫСҵһߣٴľһģʽѾ:㻹Ͻ˵ʵ
Ѿŵһ£һ˵Ǹģ֪ԼĿãѾȻѾ˵ʲôˣǾһԵĽСҵô£ýѾﻺһ
Сǰһôٴϸϸ˵һ飬һΣҲѾװˡ
ڽСҵĻѾȻϳϣֲɵĻ°뱲ӶֻȹˡֻҪʫйԼϾзתˡ
ţ̣һ
ѾһӴڹ֮ϣֻʫܿһԼȻɿסõ̷ѽǿЩѾͿ־塣
ʱ򣬽ɸ˹滹нӣѾȥһʫ֤˹ʱҪԽѾ̣æȥ˵֤˹֤Ѿס
Сҳν֤˿ȥһѾߣսСҵƲ⣬ѾӦþҵǸ˵֤֤СҴͷλ
СۿѾߣڹ֤֮ǻͷˣ
ֻѾ߿ȴʮϬڵ˿ûо˵:ҿ֤ͷһþںңҿͷǽҵĽСҴģ
˻һ۾ͷ߶˵ܹ֤߻ܵ鵽Ҫôź
룬ƽһ飬ǱֻһѾ߹ڷȷʵһˣǱȴӾѾְɣľһģ˵:˵ĿǾʵ


108 
ѾԭЩ飬ôһʣһ֮ǰԼС˵Ļһᣬӻóһ״ֽȥ˵:ҼС㲻С˶ڼдһ״ֽū澵˹ū澸ղԣʵ
ڷ룬ͷǽѾģ˾֪Ѿ˵ѣǺЦǱʽӵ:ΪСҵĸףȻʱͷϱѾİҾһ䣬ǲģ
ʱլһ˿޵ϡﻩ׷ҪӾȾȽѾǽѾ˶Ⱳӿɾѽ
ҲĵľᣬʮܣŮ뱣סǰһƱؾͻһƳȥĺģ
Ѿϣ񣬽һ飬ۿ˵:ͷĵȷȷǽѾŪģСͷûа˵ЩҲѾ˵ˣԼⷬȻǱȫ˽ѾСιǲԭԼˡ
Ӧҵ϶˵ŵСͷһӦˣ⽪Ծ۾˵Ϲӵ:쵰ûĵĶ
֮Աߵһ׳龰Ӧ϶˵֮һ˼˼Щ˵ڣˡ
Ӧ϶ĻҲգֻ÷򣬵һöûУԼþȻôһҷϡ
ѾʱҲ֪ǲħˣԽӵı֤ʸڷϵ:˵ͷǽСҴģƾʲôϣˣһҶģҪԸأ
СҿŽѾĿ棬ԼӦϻȻҪͷδЩ쿪ˣýѾԸԳġ
뵽ӦϺŵСҿйˣСͷϵǼжһģмǵʮ
øС֤ȷʵǽѾѽСҴǸģʱһ˶ˡ֤ȷ䣬ѾͷֽݺСҵѾˮʯˡ
ѾҲΪеĳֶң˵ĻȻеĸպ෴ҶԷ֤࣬˴䶨ˡ
ȻӦϵ黹ûʲô֤ݣǽСѾ̨ˡСܵԶǽСеһʹδýѾ޷
ңΪǸĺܹõػţСĺѾز۵顣ǽѾʹʹӦϻѲѾܶɶӰˡ
ˣѾ֤ȷ䣬Ѿɱδ죬ϣܹԻһףСڹ֮˵
ҲϣҲϣѾʱڴطϵֻһԵѾ߶Ѿڵϣ˵һΣ֪Ѿ˶ˡ
ȻѾˣǶԽѾĴˣвϣ֤ȷ䣬ݲ
񽪴Ѿɱδ죬ȴʮӣȻ͵ϸꡣһη˾൱ڻˣ佪ѾǸŮˣͷͷзʲôģŮ˿ɲ顣
뵽ѾȥˣǽѾǻŻʲô˼˳ŽѾԭ¡
磬ˣŹҼҴѾɣֻҪԭ£ѾͿһԸѵǳӻǣʶǳĺòã߶µ˵
涨ֻҪܺԸԭ·ˣԼ̷ֻҪԸԭ½ѾʲôԸˡ
ӿСңϣСҿԵͷӦô˵Ҳһ˺ü꣬ýСҼ֮£ѾһӶˡ
СҸܵӵĿ⣬Ҳֱ뿪Сæ׷˳ȥһΣ˲ɵˣСʯĳĵĲԭ½ѾˣѾⱲӾôˡ
С˵ԭ½Ѿֻֿ֮ҪӱƤ֪֮࣬ôڽʱ򣬽С˽Դ˵
һ⻰۷Ź⣬ô˵СͬѾˣ˺Ȼϲô˵ҲǱס˽Ѿȥͷܿ࣬ʮӣҪѾ컯ˡ
ѭ˽Сҵ˼˽ѾʮӣҵǸѾڹ֤֮Ҳ˶ʮӣԴʾЩùõϷˡ
̣ѾܿȥʮӣպǽСѾļޣŬͷҲΪԭСܱܵˡ


109 ˻
ڽѾ֮󣬽ѽѾȥҽѾƽｿģôֿܵࡣ
ŵʱ򣬽СҾ͸ڷлڷ籾ûҪ˻ˮģû뵽ȴһ仰˵ˣĽҲиۡ
ȻԭǸѾˣֺݶŮˣ͸ðεҲų̫ɵ̫ˡʱŻԽСҵΪʾ޷⣬̲ס²۵
СҵЦЦ½ѾأֻĻϺϾԲŹӦϵģӺӦϵĹϵҲúΣ˵ˡ
ûа취ֻôˡСε˵θѾĽѵҲСˣ뽪Ѿȣ޷Ѿ
ϵʱһȺڳϣСЦ½ȱȱŮ½Ůˡ
һ˵ɫˣǽӣɫʮѿ⻰ǹ˵ģȻھȥСҾҪϾϵˡ
½ЦŴͽСʶôãܲ˽⽪ҵСô˵ҲֻڿЦѣ˳㾯澯潪ӣҪԡ
˽СҵĻͬ⽪Сҵ˽СҵĻ۷Ź⣬ΪСҪ½ŮˣͿ쿴Сˡ
һ˷ֿҪ½ϽȥӽСһѾȲҪͽСͬһˡ
½ĳٵԴ˵:ɵСӣ˼ǿЦģôϲСңǾͺú飬Ժ󳤴ˣгϢˣһȢ
½һӾͰԼ뷨ȫ˵˳ȻͨͨģҪ߳ŭˡҲ֪ԼǲϲСңֻÿμܻϲ
֮ǰһֱΪΪСҰԼŻԽС׽ȴһЩһ뷨Ҳ֪Ϊʲô½ųŭģϲû뵽ɵСҲн졣
صң˵öڽѾĳͷ˵ľ֪ǸʱŽѾ˺ôһͨƢŽС˵ҪСһؼңѾݲĸŮˡ
ӦЩһƽ磬ûпֻ֣ǽнӽջҲˡ
ȻöԲӦϣҲǱߵģǼҪ⳥ԼǼʮӣûԴӿô
Ӧ϶бһ۽ӵģ֪ΪǱߵģɵΪԼñƽѾԼŮϱ⸱ģǽӾȻйǱߡ
İɣ͵͵˺ܶƣǵġӦ϶䲻˵˻һ˶˽ӡӦ϶Ļʾ˹ǽӸܵġ
û֪ƣ˽û˻͸¶飬ƵǽӸܣɰѽӸģԼ֪Լ˵ʲô
û˻Ὣ˵ȥ뵽˶϶ǽ͸¶ȥģô飬㽪ΪԼ磬Ҳû˻Ļˡ
Ѿߣ˽Ѿ飬ǲŵģ̸۵˶ˣ˵ѾãҲȻĵȷȷǽѾġ
۽ѾŶ׵飬˶ŲῴŮˣ϶ǽѾʹʲôֶΣǸŹһޣ˼û취ԸȢġ
ż˲Ըˣŷչ֮·ԶиõķչȢѾ۵Ůˣһ޷˵ܹˡ
Ѿձòͼһ˺ƺƵˣѾȻǲ⣬ˣԼòײֻ֦˵־ͷ֣
ϺҲͬѾһңѾƾҲҲôõ˼ˡ񽪴Ѿ⵵£һ㱾һ˼Ҷϱˣֻ½󽪴ѾѰʲô˼ˡ
ѾҲˣҲˣһ˵̬Ⱥܼ֮ǰΪѾǸֵַʵˣԲԸⲻݣȢšΣ˵򿴲Ůӣ㽪ѾѾ˼֮ҪЮһˣҲὪѾҪЮˡ
ѾЩãֱһҪϵһΣû˹ȥһ˿⽪ѾķӦ⽪ѾҲøһӼᶨ׵뷨
һ˷ºݻǲϵ˶ˣ˵뿪ˣ½ҵļ˼֡


110 լ
СҸӦҩιȥһԵӦϺһӵģӦϻ˺֮͸Ӽˣ˵ҪΪһںûж֮ǰȻҲڽסţǱʩչˡ
ӦϺ飬Ƚӽ˻˳֮ǰȥ̯Ҳջ֮ǾҪָԺˣһԺӡ
ֻнһˣҪȥ⣬û취չӦϣֻʣӣҲû취úõչӦϣӦϺúڽңտӦϵӡһԺӵˡ
ӦϺ˻ȥЩƣЩƶѻԭǰʱͿ˵ģ˭֪Ӧϳô飬ѹˡ
ʱ򣬽Ϻ˹˵һ˹˻飬ֵýѾϵϻ赹ýӸϽȥæڿ˵Ѿ˻顣
ӦһˣȫۿŽϺ¶ģҪͽЩ˻ˣԸǵЩ£ֻнһѾϳ飬Щż
˻ˮҲˣֱίؾܾ˽ϺٰȥԼҪɢˣﻹܵϱˡ
ϺһܵģֱӸӴ˼ȣȻŭûĵĶ㼸ʮ꣬ڼ˵ͲǰɣѾôʮĵôǰɣ
˽ϺĻ΢ЩݣôţլǱҲиģܲӲɣϺģֱŽӾˣһνҲûˡ
СҲûҲסլǱߴʱ˿ҲһңӽϺͽѾϣڶԲͣ˵ŽѾ˻飬ǵýӸԼ취
ʲô취İ취һ㶼ǽСģνС˵ʲô˵ġ˵ˣѾδԼû£ԼԼеҲûġ
ʱӦҶӹҪǮˣǰӦҪǰʮӣ㲻ȫ֣ΪѾһõҲǺõġ
һ˵ʮӣһ˱㿪ʼˣ˵ûǮǲҪӦϵǮҪͷ˶ݵţˡͷţ˵ҲʮǰЩӴټңȻҪˡ
ҪûǮǿȥһţعү֪ģҲˡӦϴˣǾͰعүŻ
һ⻰ŵʧˣĵȷȷûǰʮˣץȥΣҲղʮӰ
˭˵ĹأһԵӦ϶˵ɲѰ֮ⶫǮúأҾͲ㻹ղǮ˵Ļҵǿ԰һСȫ͵ȥ
һҪȥţ˲ˣÿ˵:ûôţǵţ˶ݣعүʮȥЩѾûٻǵǮѽ
Ӧϴ룬ɵҲҪ˶ˣǲܵģǱ˵:ȻˣǱ־ݣԺˣʮӣǽģ֮ǰǱʮ壡
ӦϴĻɫ˱䣬һǼһɾǰæˣ뵽һ̾޲ԼûѾ
˵ӦҪջȥһ⻰ͿˡӦϴһ֮ڻǰʮӣ浹˵涼׼ˣǴôӹѽ
ɲǹܣҪӾˣôǮԼŰɣѾһʱˣǵʱ˵ûУǱɣ˵ţӦϴе־ݣдšӦϼҰʮӣڵڶ׻塣԰ӡ
˵ЩӦҵȫһ뿪һլյֻ࣬ʣ½ӻĬĬš
취ĵȷȷûУڽѾҲûа취ǳ⵵£˿ӦϵȢ˽ѾڽѾѾ׵׵رˣ˶Ǳ֮
飬˶²ѷ֮֮˴ȥ϶ҲʲôŮ˵ʲôʱ˸˭Ҫ
飬Ҳֻ̾ˣں֮Ļ£ǲҪˡԭͿϽСңڰͲðƵԶԶءǽѾ컯ãǿܼ޵óȥֻڼҵûҪŮˡ


111 
һ˵ӦҪһ̵˼ȫԾԾԣֻд˼Ҳֻ˼ҪҪߣһιԼĺӣֻ˼ҵĺӡӦҪһǷ׷
ӾҪԼϱȥԣϾһ׬Ǯĺ·˼ȥҲеͨȥӦϼҴˣϾ̫ˣȥ˿ɾûȺˡ
Ӧϵ뷨еЩ˼ӵѾˣ𶼸ˣί˵:ҼСѾϸˣƺܿҪˡ
ϻ˵ʲô׵ģܲܰѱ˸ˡûڣʹ˽ŲӦ⿴ȥһԼ͵Ůˣز֪̳㣬ü֮пԿóһʵʵıˡ
Ӧϵһ۾;˳ۣҲ˾ҪԼˣû뵽ԼгһҲϸӣҪǰ붼룬ڵһоͺһ
ϿԼûϷֻʶȤػؼˣǰӦΪ˸лصһˣȻûгΪӵһƿԼһ棬ûؼҳ
ȻûеõӦϵƸãЩȥеĲţСҪС⼸æι̵˼͵㶫ȥ˼Һôι̣ܲһʾûаɣ
ӦϲΪʲôԼĺӲιﵱֻﵭ˵ԼѺӸ̴ţԼͳǮģҲǸԹ԰ˡ
˯ʱΪӦ˺ӣԽӺֿ˯СͽС㱻źͽһ˯ʱ򣬽СͽСܲԸرǽС󣬱ֵΪԡ
ڽСǿҪ֮£ֻ˯ڴβԵĸо˺Ӷ롣һΣԼΪȷȷʵʵֹˣֻҲѽ̾һڴβ˯ˡ
Ӧջ̯ȻҲûٸϺͽϺƵ֭ûϱ棬Ҳû취Ǯˡڶ̼򲻵棬Ҳȫȥ
ӦԴ΢һ֮󣬽ÿһ춼ȥһ棬иСҲȥ͡
ĳһ죬ڽͻ;УӰĲݴ
һӰһ˵:ӾǱȥˣͷİɣ˲Ǯõǳõչ˵ġ
һŽӵıӰԼĺоһʹͳȥͳȥˣǱƲѣҲôɣֻϣܹúá
˺һʧæڸ·˿ûв
˶ʱ䣬լףҿ־ݵģһ㲻׻ڻ顣ֻǽôҪ飬Ҫ˻ѾӦ顣
Ϻôͬ⣬Ͼôһ֧֦˾ʵ̫ϧˡƤģܻһת
ֻĸ׿ɲʲôúŪĽɫȻϺͬ⣬ֻȥһˡ˵Ѿ֮ǰƭǵʻûأѲŮˣҼҵţ
ϺһȾҪȥ˼ҴӲǱϸͬ˻顣ҲϸȨ󣬲µľ
Ϻû뵽ҪѼӷˣһԲͣϣҲգӷóһ׹˵:ɱˣǴѾһźأ
ȻȻֹ˰졣ѾԭΪԼ¶ŭȴ϶ֹ˰죬ҲԽ˵ԽˣǺͷҶƢ
ϸæοѾ˵:İɣѾҾԻ㰲һźµģʱҵʫȲ㡣
Ѿһ⻰˲ϲüңϵʲôȴʲô˵ѾҲûʳʲôֻգֻϣûƭԼ
ѾоܳʱûмСˣǱҪʲôʱŻ˵˵ҪѧϰϢʱûлҪ´ηżٲС
Ѿ¶һʧ֪СǼǺԼˣ֮ǰΪӦϵĹϵŻ֮ܳһʱ佪СԸԼνѾͽӦϾˣӦϸˣʱϿ϶ǣġ
뵽ѾʲôӣԼ뽪Сĸ飬ԺСȡ˹ҲһԸŸˣʱ޲޵ĶǸơǱϣԼҪСһѣúùʵҲǰͽͽѡ


112 ϴ
ŽѾҪСѣȻǷǳˣѵýѾ£ýѾϲϷ첹ģҲøһҹͷ
ѧСͽСѧ֮ؼңСöûлعլˣνǵȥһ¡
ŽСֵܹϵĺõػؼңСܲζֿɫãʵǲشǱֺˣ˸Լȥסţһѧ
С룬ýСܻôģֲ²ͼ;ܾ˽СѾѾˣ˵СҲ࣬ǱߵѾȫû˺øУ˵סˡ
˵꽪СŽСȥˣ½ССһͣҲլˡ
Сڻȥ·ϣ˾ȻڰｪѾ˵˵ѾǱ۸ģСҼ̫ˣѾԲŵ³˵ӦвѾԽѾų²ߵģӦǻá
⻰СͼˣԵĵߵڰѽȽСǰ˵⽪СѾȥǼ:ʲô֪ƾʲô˵Щ
㶣û뵽СͽС˻ԼӦϵĻȫ˻ȥɫЩˣ˵ˡ
СҲǱЩ฾ˣżƿԵʱ򣬳˵:Ҳǵ;˵ģ֪࣬ʲôʸ˵Ǽҵ飬Ǽ˱裬ǻʲô飿
ʱҲζǵȷӦϼ֮Ҳ˵𣬽£Ǳһˣֻû뵽ŸտڣͱСˡ
û˵ʲôСѾŽС뿪ˣ¼ô׽СжأӦΪѾѲôĿ࣬СܵҲΪѾزۣȴֲܽЩί֮ڣԼίˣҪ˵ָָ㡣
صңϿɫһôˡ
С·Ļ˵һ飬һЩ˾ȻߵǷǣӦ˵ǻˣѾ޹ˣɫһɫΪá
ֻнС֮ûʲôķӦ˵:ЩҪϴأǵĻϴȻٵǵͿһٷˡ
ҲǶýСҵ˼ʱȴûһ˶˵ʲôҿͷ˲ر࣬ҲɷǳӰ죬ѡϢˡ
ϳԷʱ򣬽ӿΪʱ䷢飬ԼԲסһˣĬĬض˷룬Ҳˣż泯СҼҲ˿ûҪȥ˼
ԭΪ͹ȥˣȻΣСˣӦϵԽԽ࣬Ϫ˶˵Ӧϲԡ
˼Щǲûӣô򵥵鶼ܱƭⶣ˽СҲҪ¸Ӧϣǹ࣬ӵŮ˵úϢҪģܸ¡
ǽСȴҡҡͷźϵӦ˵˴£Ӧϣ˵鶼ΪӦǰڴõµģҥҲô˶Ӧ۷׷ס
ʱӦҲӦ˹֮ǰȷʵһЩʹ˹ϵҲ˵ʲôãϣ͵ȥ˼Ҽʱߵøڿ죬Բŵֳ档
룬ӦҲʾԼ϶ˣҪľӣԺһԽԽãҲͨˣΪ龾ġ
СҿӦѧˣһµľӦִ飬Ȼ벻ڿҪõĶࡣ
ڶ죬СҺȻ⺢飬⺢Ǳ˶ֺĻǵʹˡ
ԵȽСѧûԺ󣬽С͵͵ѽСеû˵ĵطû͵͵⺢ǴĶġ
Сҡҡͷʾûҵ⺢ڽϼģΧҲûп֮ˣŸҰѺŪ֪ͬСҵĹǣֻǰԵϣ鲻Ҫ¶źá
СұȥԶһҪѺӵĳŪףԺǼ˷ڣҲԤ֪ǰиӦ֮ߡСҲ˵ͷӦҪ°á
գۣӾˣһ֮󣬾ֻ뼸ϵõһԸˣٴ졣
Ǵƫƫ⣬һµǰ죬ȫǰͽᡣȻǶ˵ӦϵǷǣӦѾȣ׬˲ӣôҲ׵һضܹͶ


113 
ӦϿŶѻԽԽĶԸ˲٣֪ĵģҲдְͽġõܳԵģʣûõģȫȥɡӦ˵
Сҿô˶ҲòǲμӺӵ¾ƣǾ͸ɴ¾Ƹĳɴ죬Ҫɱͷ
ҪĶЩǿ׳˹ɱأӾͽżˡϱϴһˣȥʹ˲ٵĺöŻһϢڵؽż˹Ϊ֪Ҳǵġ
СҲֵڣԼһˣȥˡȵһȺ׳ɱ֮󣬽Сӽİ׸С˸򡣽Сûֶֻˣòֺ
СҿŽС˵ӣȥˣҲֻһСӡײԴ棬ȽСˣԿԣζʮֺá
ɱ֮ӦҪӼһЩӣȻ֪ԷΪ˺ôģ˼Һô˷˰ĹܵøЩС
һΣ⼸ͨһ˵ʲôҪСҲ֪Ǳʲô뷨ˡȻôӦҲͲǿиˡ
ڶľϯɺϺӦϺٰ죬󲿷ֵ˶˹Сҽã˳˳֮һľ硣
ϺŽֵģʮƣԼҶ磬ȻԼȥæ϶Ӧϳ⣬ڼﶼ˵ϻ⽪ӼҶӦˣ
ʰ˶ŸϹȥһ٣æһЩֵС
ǽϺɲô룬ԼĶӲԹԼͲȥһԵĽСʵǿۣߴȥҲҪȥӦ˵˵ϵǲýѾȥ˵´̼Ӧϡ
òȰһȥھϣСɴŽѾҲֺǺǵعˣ˵ҪӦף
ʱ䣬Сѧ˲٣ɲ֮ǰǸûӵļһˣѾʱ򣬶һɵӣôûӵ£Ȼ˼
СԴ˲˵ŽѾǹӦģ˵ŻһѵĶݸӦϡ
ӦϿһˣĿ䵭ǺԼǸӣҪµĻѾЩ˸ϳȥˣҲЩƤ񣬰Ͱ͵ؾˡ
ѾʱҲкһó˵ǸӵģҲǸӦҲóһ
Ӧϼ򵥵Ŀһۣüȥţ˵ʲôͱߡӦϵİţǲģֱϵӦλӦֱͨλӣ˵Ӧϻڽ黳顣
СŽ⼸ûӵһǱ㲻һææǶģǰֺýӣ˵:󲮣˲٣ӦҪúעϢҪۻˡ
ʱڼ˲ٵ䣬û뵽СȻܹοԼҲһܡ˵ͷʾԼס˽СĶȻæȥˡ
Сֺ˽ӣȥӦǰεóԼСܵ׼ӸӦϣӦȻڽСĸı䣬ԽСҲûнô䵭ֻǼ򵥵˼䣬ҲҪСȥš
ɺԵظܵӦϵ䵭ȻԼ֮ǰӦϹϵûзǳĺãӦ֮ǰԼ뵽ӼǺ޽Ѿˡ
óʱ⺰˵ּˡ
Ӧϳȥ֮ϺϱӶϱȫ˹ϺҲϵĵӵүģæǰӭӡ
˵ǣϲҲ֪ͨһ͵͵ؾͰˣҪɾˣҪӵĴϲӰϺֽӵ
СˣæΪ˵û˵ϺԭҲֻСһû뵽ôˡ
Ϻһ˵ŽСԽԽὲˣӣʽǲǮˣȥ
ϸоϺҪԼ˵ĻԱˣæǰϺһȥϡ
Ϻû취ͣת۾ȥӦϺӦϺ˰죬ӦϺҲò˼ң̸ֻЦ
˵˺һԺϺʼ˵:˵˾ƣ棬˲أӦϺЦȥˣϺ߲ƣӦϺҲûиʲôɫˣǵ˵:ʵҲôЩıưˡ
ϺӦϺĻŹ˵:ǽⳡ棬֪û˵ô򵥣ʱӦ˲ӵģҲ벻ôıѽ


114 ϺĹ
ӦϺЦЦû˵ֻϺԹԵ˵:׻˵һӣ㿴ôˣʲôʱҲһ׬׬Ǯɴưɣ
ӦϺһΣӵ׻ѽԼġϼһ˵ֱӣҲյ䣬ֱӾ˵ҪˣǻΡ
⻰˵ģҲ˵˼ӣ뵱ֹǮʱҲûҪһģ˵⻰ЩⲻȥģӦϺƤЦⲻЦ˵
ϺֹϵʱҲͬ׬˲ӣȴȫûй˼ߵˣһҪȥһӸӦϺҲӲûиԣƲ֮ʮһĽ飬ϺƷͲὫƽ̸Ϻ
ϺűĶӦϺੲݵģûҪͣ˼ҲôҪˣǽק˹˵Լæȥˡ
ϺһֱƵ飬ͼ˵̽Լǳôο֮󣬽ʲôҲ˵ˣʱӣҲ˵ġ
ϺĶϱСϺһֱੲݵ˵Щ飬оүӸˡǳ˳˹ʣӣ˵ȥ˵˵ô˿أ˵ô໰ӣ
ʣӿ˿Ϻֿ˿Ըϱĥĥ߿ˡ
СҲûȥԼǲôȥ˵ˣεǱ˹ȥ
ҿС⺢ӲҲǴӴ̹ģСҲ˳ɻˣҿҼﵹͦģҪ˵˵£С۾һֱæĽС˵
С⺢ӣܸɲ˵ܴԼҪǸһĻǲ֮ϣһϼס
ҭһ£뵽ԼӦ֮ĹϵԼȥ˵飬ӦϿ϶ӲͬģǱ㽫˵С
СҲ֪ϼ﷢飬ƲƲû˵ʲôֻϵĻ֮ʹԼȥӦ˵ˡ
ϸеΪֻǿС⽪СЩ֮ԱǣҽСĵȲϽСˣ뵽
С˵㶫ȥӦ˵ǰʽ飬˵ܳʱûˣġ˱Ӧϵĺӣһ׹˺ӡһ߹άӦϣ˵Ӧϴ뵽ôһЩ׬Ǯŵ
ӦϿС֪СǸʲôˣֻһζֺãҲ֪ΪѧƻΪʲôû˼ּҵ˽ãȻҲж顣
ҪȲˣȥЩɣ׼˺ЩòءӦ϶С˵ԾҪϳȥĴ㡣
СЦЦǲӦϵ˼һ԰ԼǮ˵:ЩڼԵöˣҲûʲôʵġ
ӦϵһЦɶҲû˵СӦû˵Լ˻⣬˵Ӧ˵˵ȳԶҪãһ˵˽ѾĲǣ˳ֽһͨ
ӦСĿģһֱԼ˵ĺãҪƼڸʲôǾͼˣҲǿԼҵĸӣⷽˣʵѡȻǼĽСˡ
ӦϿûҪѽСƳȥ˼ǼĬСӦһֱ䲻ȵģ֪ԼûϷˣҲû˵Ŀģš
ϺߣԼӵԹԣҲûੲݵ˵ҪѧˣȵϺʱ򣬹ʣӱŽӣ˵ҪϺˣӾͲʹˣʱͦϺġ
Ȼǿ׵ظϺ˵ûϵһЦ̸ˡ
СȽ̰棬սСҸİѾŪˣԽСҲûˡ
ӺͽСһĲֺôãȴԼͲƽ־Ҫȥ
СȻǲõģ˾˳ͻС󰵵˶£Ҳ˽С󣬻СĶ仮ˡ
СŶϵѪ۾תתȻҪҽСңԼȻСãϳɣһ
һҪѽСҽйҲɵˣϴνСҲӣҵľĿ½СҵģǱȥҽ
С˵С˼ܣæȥС˿ڣȴСѪģϽŪ˳ҪСȥ
Сģñǿð̣û뵽һûסôʹˣһǲСĻ


115 
ǽŶʹ˵:Ҳ֪ҴæΪӮ˾ûˣڻҪ𷣣УǶ۸˵˼
ۿŽȴûһȥȻô˵ˣȥʲô˼
Ȼ󼸸ŽСһ˻𼱻ǵظȥмСҿŽС˿ڣ¶ǣϵ˾ȻôѪǻѪܡ
Ҳ˳һ·߶߶ģ˵ŽСôС˿ҲҪʦڵģǰǶҲûôȥУڵСȻǽ顣
СͷֲӣȻżǽСˣѾء
˿ڵȷ󣬿˶ҵܵʲôӰ죬ҲⲻеǮø㽻Ȼ㶼˵С˿ڣôС˿ڣҲò˶ӣôǷˡСû˵
һôЩСȻҲҪԼǮͲˣƤ˵:ôǮҲƽô˰ɣǿݣ˼ҪôǮ𣿡
Сһ˵:ҼҵҼҵģʲôϵˣɣ˵Ҳ˲ٵľƣǾǣ
һɫһ£ԭԼƵ齪С֪ΣѾˡ
µľֲֻģƾʲôǱ㲻ܣ
СЦЦ⻰ûµľƲܲţƵķȴֻڽСң˭ҪǸй¶䣬ͺ˭ƴ
ڵģҲֻ֪Ǽƣ֪ƵķӣǱQ
ɵ̬ʵ˵:ø˵ûľһҲȥ˵պõмСһѾȥںŽСݺݵ˵:ƫƫˣӾҪ
иС꣬ҲһسǮҿСûʲô£ȻСҲŹġ
صңѾżϱͿˣȵͶߵĲʱӦһͷСվҪҸӦ˵˵顣
¶࣬ǾͲдλˣ´ٺúдλӦϿСһ˵
Сԭһû뵽ӦֱӾˣһԵϿһѽСˡӦϵ뷨С⣬ͱӦϿˣӦ㷴Ӧ˵СûϷ
ϱԶһˣյӦǰӦϳۣڼӽȣ϶кܶҪͽᣬּҵҲһ
ӦЦЦɩӵĻСϿСҪҵ޸Сƾǿһ㣬ϵ
Ϻڻȥ·ϻӦϼľϣ۹ɻ᲻ƣ˵͵͵˲پƣܾܿǴӽСѧġ
ҡҡͷ֪⹫Ҳһýɫ˵:Ҳ֪ûŪãӦҵϵĽһְ䶼͸¶ǶǿԼĥҲûѶŪأ˵ⶫҪ
ϺȻôɵĻӲҪɽ̽һԵĽҲŽͣ˵ʲôûŪ֪ôˣɹҲԸǮķӸϺ
ϺһĥɾƭҲƭôֱ׳˵:ǿƷˣȥҳֻҪƷ֮˵Ļǲˡ
ֻһһȥ˽ϺլӵؽóԼĶⶫҲֻζ⣬ԼƵûʲôϣˡ
Ϻ˳Ÿ¿ڣϺ³ˣȻ֪ɵľƲһúȣζѺȣȹѺȵľˡ
㿴Ҿ˵ûɹɣ㻹ƫƫţڿˣһ޿κε˵
Ϻü˵:ȻôѺȣﲻȥʽӣ˵ͻһЩأ
һһ´ȣ:Ŷ⽪˵ӦǿŲ˵ֻҪʩһЩСֶΣ˵˵Ƶ⵹ǲѣ֮ǰҲһùУõý֡
ӦߣС˻֮ҲûٿˣʵϣʱǿôڳҪȻһѿĻ治һ޵óڿһһȥ˼ӼҵĺӸһ˹ȥŵȻ͸ǺóԵġ


116 Ƶë
ȻȻǰװֵӣһֱһ˺εȻҲûע⵽ǡȼӻ֮󣬸߽С˵ּҵȫϼסˡ
СŪһЩ㶹ƸǣȻȥӦϺͽС˵ˡӿóˣ
Ӧϵǲּҵ˻ϼסţϾϺŮЩ˾۵һ֪ҪʲôˣһӦǺ׵ġ
ȻûһɱҴҵظ˹˵ҽ飬ýӹȥһˡӿӦϣɣӦƲƲ죬Լ˵:۲ȥĶȥĶ
ˣ㬵ظˣֻӦϵĻǸ棬Ҳ֪βһʧˡ
ӵ˽լֻһź˺þƺòˣϺϯŽ˵:ˣ͵ˣ
ӿһĪˣѲɽΪ˳ԷʱȾƣȻϴҲȾţܾ˵ʲô˵飬ӦϹ龰͵ֱһģһġ
ʲôֱ˵ɣﻹҪҲܺȾơ˵ѧˡ
ҭһ£û뵽һ仰͵ͼƤЦ˵:ѽҲ֪ʱǵӲùѽԾѧŴɩһЩƣƵζԾԾǲοο
û뵽Լһ˵Ǵɵ֪ǳһɵľƣƵζʵǲҹάķӦҲϺһֻüͷһۣȻ΢һ˵:ǷŵĹӲɾ¾ƱȾˣζô
ƶǶص˵ͷ´ʱҪеĶʰɾȻ˷Ѳϡ
ӿ˵ģһĵ:ǺŪȥˣȻǸûа취ȻҲӦϼƣǵԼᣬԺܶط⽪ʣǱֻ˵˵Ūһˣֻǲ֪Ƚ׹֪ʲôӦ
һԵϺûʲôڲͣѯʣǽһӾˡ
СһˣͶƱҪһ˳˵˵С飬ȻӦﲻУǾʹӽ֡
ǻû˵ͱˣ˵ҪӵǸ£ԲŪ˽С󣬽˵û£СҲô
СĻһϣҲ˿ˣۿŽҲԶˣ˵Ǽﻹ±Ҫ뿪ֱСһֱûкõĻӿڡ
СʱŽԹһ˦ҪͽҲ˵С˼֪Сﲻ̫ܣӦϾԲͬµģ϶ԸæֶԴʱôģʣСһơ
ϺһֱƵ飬ϵ⣬ֲϺһֱֻ˵˸ţԺȫŪ˾ͽ
ϺɲɣҪǵŪ֮󣬲ԸٽԼզ죿ɱʵķˣ˵Ҿûѧᣬ㻹ǵʣҪŪ˭ģôҲõԺĥ͸˵ɣܲھͽưɣ
ϺװͰ͵ģ뷢û뵽һ󱲶ҶԼװͰ͵ˣ룬˵Ҳûʲô˼˵ɻ֮һҪ
ɵӦȲ˵ǵ׻᲻ᣬǴӦˣȻĥ͸ˣҲһֲ̣ǵһθɡ
Ϻϼסһޣڶһ磬Ϻ˽Ӽң˭֪һͳȥͻˡ
еĿȻǹ̰ЩСˣϯʱкܶû꣬ƾҪˣĽ飬һӦòڿֻȥӿ϶Լġ
˭֪Ժﺰ˰죬û˺˵ûпһ˳ǾԺл
ʲô𣿡ʵܲϺˣϵĻò˯ˣ˵ˣӶϼһˡ
Ϻ˾ȻǺϣҺϵ˲ƣǱû˵:ô㣿ѲסţϺ˼Ƿ̺סʱ䳤
Ҳ֪ϺǸʲôˣͬû˵:û취ҼҹŮƱ˺ˣⲻЩֳҹŮСģ
˺ϵĻϺСֹ:ɺûϵֲҺģ˵Ҳ˵˽Ѿɵ飬ֲ£ôࡣ


117 ʧ
ϿϺˣ԰Ѵһﶼ緹緹ҲһЩˮײʲôģûż⡣
Ϻ׼Ĳ˶ãȻܲ⣬ôţҲǽӵүԼִǲĵ˵:ֶܳ𣿺ôǼҲǮˣҿǳ˻źܶء
һԵӦϽӹͷ˵:ʱⶼˣҪζСҲ˵ˣڼҶˣһΪҲأԲ⻻˰ײ˸ǳԡ
ϺӦϵĻҭһ£⻰˵ûԹһСһ䣬Ҳֻӳ
СͬϺˬԾǳ̰СģǿŵϵĴڣ˴һţһɫѾ˴󹷣ʮСҵģᣬȥͳϺл
ϺһһƨڵϣȴûзŹӣϺĲӾҧȥϺûϵȻйԼлһŵСʧ
˿ͻһɵˣرǿϺȻһ˿úܺЦСװģ뿪ãﻹ߶:óѽ
ҲͨԵģŽСһϺĿɴţҲ˳ȥʱСֹϺû˵
ϺñӶˣһֻŵˣȻŵСʧرô˵ǰˡָŽСҵıӾ:СӣŵĹɣ
С̯̯֣˵:ҼҵĹģͨԣҲҧˣҲ֪ô£ʵǱǸ
Ϻɫѿ⻰ڰʾԼǿö˵ˣҲСң⺢ݵģ˵˵ĻԼֱӱߣϺʪſɣҲԾ߳ţ⸱ӣҲûٳʲôˡ
˿ϺʪſɴӦϼôһ£Ϻһˣɶû˵ֱˡ
ĺϺͽСһţ͸Ϻĺ棬˼ϺԼ˺ϣ˵:ǱҼҵĴŻˣҼǴʵǲ
һˣټϺʪĿɣȻ֪ôһ£Ϻŵˡ
ϺһصңŸӡͣرԹСҲ¡϶Ϻ֪϶ȥҪˣӣϺҲǳ˱˵ӦԽǮԽǱʲôøˡ
ϺĿӾȻʪҲ֪ˣЩ棬Ϻˣ϶᲻ѿǱ㲻ͣôһ£Ϻһ˵
ϿģûҪ죬Ϻģ֪϶ˣϺӦ϶˲СĿȥϺ˽Ϻ·ŸջϣϾʹˡ
ϺСҾСҿ϶Ѳ˸ϵҪִˡֻϿԸŮڽ۸Ǵ:ʲô
ӱһ£ϵĶҲֻͣһᣬ˵:֪Ůڽҹʲôˣûô۸˵ģ˵ŽСңһֻҪߣдʵ˵:Ժүүˣûˣ
˿źͷ⣬ֽϺ̫嶯ôһͣߵˡ֮ϱִţֺģʷʲô
ϵȻ˵ϺȥҪ⣬û뵽ŵӣϹ⣬ȴǸߵģʵ˵:ǸСңһ˭ϽվҪڣ˻ȥ
һмֵϵĻЩСһˣȻôСҸողſҵǸСһô˵ˣһȴʣȷǸղſСңͺһ˵Ц߹ȴػȥ
һͻ˵ĻˣǶԸ·˵Ļһȴˣæ˵:ʲôⰡˣǿ͹ģͻȻͷˣӲҪûȥһûأ
˿˵ôĵҲ֪˭˵ĲģǶ˵Ļֻɵ̬ȡ
Ӧ˵СҸȥȴֺãϺһ٣㻹˴򣬾ʮСҰԺûµĻȥЩһϲҪСŵ㣬ǰĿӦ˵


118 Ŀɳ
СҲ̾˿εĵͷ⽪ϺԻ·Ȼ棬û¾ͶԼģʲô鶼ϣҽСҲѰСѾϺˡ
ʱ򣬽ҲˣӦȻԸӣԼĺ۸뽪Ϊףʲô֪ǱýСȥӸ״֪ԼŮǱܵʲôĴҲǰı߲ıߡ
˭֪СȴԸȥ:ֲǽѾŲΪôίٸ۸ǣа취Ǻÿ˵תš
ӿһɫرãֲȥӦϺͼӣֻﵽ׷ʲô顣һҲ˸ţֻ˵ǽСҺͺϹȥլǱ˳ͻʲôͻҲ֪ˡ
ûа취ԼŮϱһֱԼﴦùϵһ㣬ҲǺͷۣǱȥլѯôһ¡
ϺͽϺһӾȻˣһӵĻûطйأһͨӻû׵ô£ͱùѪͷһҪţϾԸӣҲôһ
òͣҲһɥﲻ˵Żգȥͷˡ
ʱСվ˳:ݣҪֵôˣӣмҪ
ӿСլ˶ԼĸַӻģֻҪһڣҪЩ⣬ÿ϶ûʲô飬òһġ
С񿴽һֵģЦ˵:ôҾҪһ£С顣С˵ϴӦûϴֱϻ⣬ûаڣϺͽ鲻УƫţҪһԣĳɹˣɾͲóˡ
С飿Ӽ͹Ƶ飬ɵһСôֱǼǹˣ
С϶Ц˵:ѽҿС⺢׳ʵ˲٣СҲˣҼպòࡣҿģҿԽӵ¶ٹ͸飬Ҳϼף˵ǲǣ
һɲӦ񼸺Ѿ˼ĴȨֻҪϣ׼ûҲûô˵飬֪ǸʲôŮӣȻҲ׵ؽСƳȥ
黹һȥһסҲֻ֮˵һԵϺ͵ŽͬˣղŵһҲΪ˸һ˭֪ôûϢô鶼Ǹӷ:ûõҷϣ黹õҿɣ
ӱʹһӾȥһβԣϺͨûٽķչ˷ãǸæԲ˵:żôҪȻҪȥģһһȥ˵ţСһȥӦϼ
һţͺӦ˵СҲһ˵飬Ӧ֪СԼҵСĲѿڶ˵:ŶҪҼС⣬ܣ
ӻ˵ʲôСҲպýţɸսž仰һӦûϷˣڶӦӦǼŭˡ
⻰˵ģΪҵĽСǸأ˭ϡС̵ӦϵĻ޴ˣżҪӦϺͽС
ӦһСô˵Ҳķ̵:ҼСһ鱦ɲʲôӶϵģҲԼʲôģһأģʮһ㣬罪ѾÿڲģӵСȢ֪ǵ˼ӵù
СһӦôԼӲˣȥҪӦϣӦҲʲôǵģһӾŤˡ
ֻСڿ:˭ϡ˭˵׵ģ˭ϡǼңҲǿһСƵļһܵ⼸ʱ
Ӧ֪СĵȷȷΪģСȴҪ׵ģŭļԽĴ󡣺ò˱ӦָŽӺ:˵ǲǱ߾Ѿ˵ˣ
ûشֻ͹Ӧŭ:ұ죡ЩӦϲٵĻϣϽϺ˵Ǹҷϣث֣Ҫʱһ硣


119 
Ӧϱһһ£Ȼʹ󳳴Ҫ룬⽪ˣû䣬ʹڴǰ赹ˡ
û뵽Լһ仰ȻܰӦϸҲһ˿ֻţҪӦϷȴСһƿûĵСҳŽ
ӱСôһ˵ڣղȷȷʵʵ嶯һ£û뵽ӦϻŽС˵ĻԽܡ
ۿⳡս֣ӦϾȻֻ˹ȥȰӲҪЩˣϽȥУŷӦæܳȥС
ǣξͲ߶ŵСһ˼ңҪ￴һϷСӦĳ棬Ȼϲֳͷȴϲģ˶ϲ
ؼҵ·ϣ͵͵С˵:Ҳǵģ˵˭ãƫƫҪ˵СңǽСҿˣعҪҩǮˡ
СҲһĲ¶ģǮǲӦôš˵Ӳˬˣ˵⽪СʲôõģȻôҿģãԺ϶Ҳ˼ң
⻰ﰵˬ⽪Сɶ¶ѹĴѾ˶˵Сãʱóһ
۵ĲԶϱǵ˵ֻб۾˼ȻӦϼͿۣϴνѾԩ֮͸Ӻ޽ѾһˣҪӦϿе֪ķӣǰͰ͵ҪȥֺӦϣҪӦϸùϵæȥӦϼ״
һȴӦڴϣҲУģϱǲ⣬ӦϺúõģôͻȻͲˣ
ӴôӴ쿴㻹úõģôɫôѿϱһһէ˵ĽСҶʺˡ
ȳȥЪд㣬ҪϢһ¡СʵܲϱĴɤţýСȥȾõ㶹Ƹϱԡ
ϱ֪ⶫҪĻҪѺܶӣʱóԸƨƨߵظ˳ȥˣ֮ǰҪ˵Ժ
иӦϿ겡֮󣬵Ҳû˵ʲôֻӦϺúϢҩ֮뿪ˡ
Сæҩùȥ壬ͷתãСҴСԽС˵:ô£Ҳö̫үŹԽԽûˣ
СƲƲ죬˵:˭˵ģ˼˵ʲô㶼ţҿûзŹǴڿԼǰŻһ£˭֪ôȻŵӡ
С赭д˽СҵĻ˵ԽԽûнˣôֱԲ˵
ҪٽСң˭ϽСһתͷԼ˵:ӣ𣿡
ãû뵽СѾֱԼˣʱȻ֮ǰСҴӺһξ˵ûн֮ǰһֱûиܵСҶԼ䵭Լȫˡû뵽ýСԼԶ˼
½Ҳ˲ýѵСˣ˲ýС˵ĻǲģֻڷҪһ˵ģԽͷԽܣſ˼
СὪӣԭΪӳԹ˿ףû뵽ȷʵԽķͿڲԽӣѣԼúԼΪ
լߣϺɽ¾ôһ𣬲ַ裬ƵƵǾŲҪҽӣ϶ѧĻᣬԼõĶࡣҪѧˣҲٽԼˣ˭׬Ǯ·׸߱ģ
һѽסʱȥҲģοӦϲŸոջ赹ʱȥ񲻾ǰװ׸ӹȥ
ϺɲɣƵķӿɲֵôǮԸʧᡣ
ӦϿ϶ǲϵģһװ˷ӣĵĽϺסɴӦ͸Ϻ˵ϺſϰݣɣѧƾͽſϴһС뿪
ɿЩˣǱרԼľƣƵǮҪأȻˣһ
˭ſ棬ûѰֻ棬ûйԼȥǸһصĶ⡣ԭòֺ˭֪Ȼصһۣʱֹ
˲ͱɵˣڵϴؿֱ˵:ˣˣ


120 Ǯ
ֵˣһ䲻ʹڱԼһȥһҲˣôģ
һ˷ʲô£ʹˣԼҲôأ㻹ҪҪˣ
ҲŻˣɵĴںû⣬ǾôˣɾҪԼˡ
죡ǿȥҴƣȻӦ˵һΣҲݲһӵĵҪ˸Ͻȥȥҽӡ
˵һҲˣһվʵ:ȷ𣿡
涣ӣôۣܲ˵:ȷʵˣھӣҪȥƣҪʲôʧҲͲˣ
һԵĽСۿϣ뵱ԼضˣҲκεͬ飬һɿ𣬹Ȼ׵ľû˿ۣýӵҡǮء
һһ߰ϲҪżϵĴһа취ģһȥӦϣӦϽЩǮ
Ӧʱͷϣʱûʮ£ɲһǮģһᣬ˵ʲô衣
֪Ӧ岻ãǵòʧתͷȥҽСңֻҪС˵ˣӦӦҲ᲻
СҿӾȻԼǮǵʵ:Ҫ٣
ϿСⷴӦһϣָͷ˵:塭ʮ
ʮСҳԾ˵Ҳһû뵽ϻῪھҪʮӡ
ܿͷӦʱɲ̸ǮʱĶҪֻǱ˵:ôҲܵܣϽȥǮóܿͻỹϵġ
Сҵһ:ϴεİʮûأҲʮӵ⡣ʮӰ˶ⲻҪ㣬Ҿʮ·ˣôܻﻹһʮӣ
ûȽӺӦСұֽ˵:ұѾŪҲûôңȴ˼ҽǮǵƤôģǰҪ⣬ӽûǮԼļױˣͷǮȴϰһһĺ˼ˣ
Ƥҿɲ㣬бҲԼļױˣܴҽҩǮС˵֮ǰЩ£ͺ޲úЩ˶Ͼϵ
Сңûĵļӣǿܵܰ˽СҵĻ̲סҪǽţСӸ
СϵĸܣҲôġʨӴ󿪿ڣȻҪʮӣЩˡȻϲԼ˿ԼﻹҪȥƨɣ
ﲻӭǣҪ뱣סĶ䣬ûǻȥǼҵļױ˰ɣҼûһһΪ׼ġС˵Ȼɨ㽫ϸ˳ȥ
ȥ˵ӱȽϿ졣סҪߵϣһɫ˹۾⣬Ҫӱȥ
ţСҳţһ󣬡Ҳܽ裡
СңôҪϾɱ𣿣ضʹ½СңֻǽСһѵһͰӸɵļƣʱ˭ҲֺãСҿɲںֻҪϵõ˵ʲôá
ΪҲ֪ȥϣҪûҼҵǰɣƫ⣡СҾǿ˵һ̫ҲΪǿǷֺ
һϣҲСҸˣһƨڵϲԸˣҪΧھӶԴвСҡ
Χ˵࣬Ҷָָ㣬κνСƫͲӸǣߣһԿúΣ˵:ʱˣϽȥУĶҪˣ
һ뵽ĶҪˣӵʲôûҪҿСƣҲûϣˣϸϽ뿪Ѿ¶ҪԼļױҽҩǮˡ
һ뿪֮󣬿ֵҲȫˡӦϲ԰ɫýСʰҪˣǷ̫࣬еȫߣżһȥӦϺҡ
һϣϿҽõ˾ˣȥңΪĹϵѹͲ˿СʵŪãһǧ֮£ſ֡


121 ½
ģÿ춼룬Щô룬޵øˣ˵ֻʵʵġ
֮£ĶܿͺˣÿæҲ⽪ҵйĽӴǾͰƸһУҲӦϺԱߵǸ
Ȼرĳ֮ĻģŽƼ˳
ɺͺͽһ;ЩرȥӦϺǸнãҲ֪ȥ˻᲻ΡǴҲ˵ˣλõѡһʲô飬ɾ͹ֲˡ
ûɼӦǴѾǸϽǮȻ߿ˣʵǲӼ{ˣ˵ҽҩǮʱ򣬹˵˲٣˵ʮӣ˵аܻȫΪЩҿ˵һ
һȻҪʮӣӵɵôģǸӹҽô˾ȻʨӴ󿪿Ҫʮӡ
ǰҪҪĻھͰԭӣһԼӹҽðɣҽô꣬û˭˵ӹҽֻŮˡ
һԵ֪ûʲôôҺæһЦһ߽˻ȥֱ˵:ҽõģϱʲôſںߵģдǲҪһʶˡ
˼۽룬Ҳһһʶû˵:ǮϽҾͰԭӡ
һΪѣΪ˱ģΪʮʵǳܳܵķΧ˲پƣⱾǮûлأĻѾȫùˣ˵ʮӵҽҩǮˡ
ôˣɵģһĲͷ֪ͲӦôӦΣںˣԷˡ
ɿһŭӣæ˵:ûûУֻûôӣɲţȹٸ͹
ӣ:ɲУ˭֪ǻ᲻ҪǲҿɾͿˡûǮȥ裬費Ͳýȥˣָ˵
ʱ򼱵ȹϵϣôǮƱǽģֲˣǽϣתӣϣܽ赽һЩӡ
һתȻ뵽½½ǽСҵ飬СҲľˣ裬ӦǿԽõġ
һŽӳ½̯ȥ½̯ǰ棬ȴվŲˣȻýһ˹ȥǮ֪½ǿԼ϶ѯʽӽʲôġ
½˵ҪǮŽСҵĹϵȻǺģǻ˽Сһ顣־֣⽪Сô˵ҲԼаô䵽ԼǮĵزˣһ:Ǯʲôģ
һ£ûлشҲ֪Ҫ½˵Ǯʲôѣ˵ǽСҪĻ½϶ŵģǽϣ϶Ӳˡ
½Ӳ˵ǻһ˵ʵ:ɩ֪𣿡ֻҪӦϴӦ飬ǲȥ˽޴Ҳޱˬؽȥ
ǽҭһ£û˵½ʱһ˿ĲԾʲôʱôĬˣ˵˵Ӧϸ֪
½üʵ:ǲˣΪˣȻᶮ˵һЩСžţǽӱӦҸ㣬ҲŹģϾӦϺͽСҲĶˡ
ֵ:ɩǸˣȻƽƢ˵㣬ǵĵز˶Բ飬ǵһŹ㣬
ʱĽӵǸֱ׳˵һ仰ˣ:ǡˣʮҲܵ½Ǯ
½һǽӽյΪ̫Ҫһ䡣ӳĬΣ½ûҪ׷ʵ뷨Ǳֻܽľһһʮȫ˵
½һǸһ˽ģ˼ƽϣܵԼҪǮȻΪӦòԲԼġȻӦ϶ˣԼαسͷ
ҽСҺ֮ĶҲ֪ģΪСҵӵߣܸɰϵ飬ǵ:ǱӦģ
Ӷ½ĻܲȻӵĴ𰸣ֻ½ŲæؾܾԼ˳ϼ䡣
һ½ȻҲܾԼﲻ뵽ƽ½ԼϵԭͷӦϼһġ


122 
֪һģûĵĶһĶǮ뵱˶˴ͷȴҧһҪһ˱Ͼ·ǰɣ
½һӾȻô˵ԼǽӵıԣǸӲԽǮˣ:Ҹദòֻǿڴɩ϶ѣһǲ飬ȻǲӦģ߰ɣǮԼ취
½ôҪԼˣ߷ߵһ˦䣬˼䣬뿪ˡ½Ǳˣֻİ취ˡ
ǽӽȥûû취ֻȥѧҽɣɺͽĵһӣ飬ѾСˣɼпܻȡøߵĳɾͣǱûȢϱҲЩ
ɸûжôܣסԼĿջͷҲûԼһǮܹԼһԽһûжС
ϽһٶӦϣƫƫҪӦϽã⽪ɵ·ڶûȥÿķ
˭֪ҪлҵˣȴҵѧѰԼ֪ΪһƲģеĿľҪЩǮҽҩǮ
뵱Ҫ飬⽪ϺǧģǲѧǮ񵹺ãˡǽ˸ɣ˵ԼûǮû취ﵽ
ӱɵǺһ£⽪ȻҲΪǼ޽ҵˣԲŶԼ׵ܵôʯĳԽԽԽӽĿ⿴һԵĽС
ȻСǸӣӦûʲôʣ СȻᱻԼһˣҲһС£ûǮҲｪӳǮģլǱߵˣѾԼûʲôϵˡ
˵ˣСǸ˼٣ŽһȥмҪʲôˣ˳㶢ŽլǱߵˣˣֶΡ
мңСŽɶȻнȥǮ˵:ãǮǵ飬Ҫҵȥ֪ĻΪǼҪǮأɲ̫ʡ
Ͽûܺϲʣֻ֪ٽ費ǮĻҪˡתת뵽˺أضԽСűĸ飬˵ͿԿһϵ棬ǮԼ
ؼӶ࣬ʮӣϲһ㡣
ôһᣬ˶˻һأɾҪŽȥǮϾֻСҵӣдǷʱýӰӡǽǮҲǽӽģʱ
Ҳɵϼ޻һԵĽСȴ˳Ǳ:ҲҪһȥҵʶңԿٵҵء
ɿСҲһҪŽӣ֪ûϷˣüβסʧһԵ⼸תתϰ죬ҲûһһĵвͣһδߴǸϽǮˡ
ˣȥˣһԵĽҲ״ʱ˿̵Ĵ˵˺ؼҲǺһĽ˼ҺҼҴҵģôССƽͼģ˵ǮͽǮġ˷ʱ䲻˵һһõ赽ҲҪġ
˵ţԼͷ޵ļױȥˣ׵ʱҪģʱʮӣǼȫҵ
֮˰ӹִ˴ԼʣµӣʮӸ٣Ͱһ˸˳
ӻصң·Ϊûн赽Ӷһͨѵһ·ĬĬԣԼļˣһһķʱѾͦˣСҲûȥѧˣֱӸŻؼˡ
ӻصңеĴûг֣һԸϱѾڴˣǱˡ
̾һתͷȥɻСŽįıӰȻûһ˿ͬ飬ⶼǽԼϰʹƫƫ֪ߵ˻϶ѾôҪˣΪֵͬ顣
֪ͷܣ˭ڰײ֣ôƫأСԽ˵ǽӷ¶ǱߵΪأ֮Ҳڻ
̾һһСӺȻ˵:ö߻ˣнǷǣҲڻ
Сû˵ӵڶûʶԼĲԣ˵ΣҲֻǶţٰˡ


123 
ϳԷʱ򣬺˷רŸӦһ㲹壬Ӧȴԣˣﻹ˼Էģ
Ů㲻ԷɲģûӣôͼϿĵȰ˵ӦûгԼڣٲԣĻܲסġ
СҲһԲϵȰ˵ôţԼģǸҲԼǮģԼϣֲ
Ӧãͬ𴲳Եˣ˵ĻԼˣֲΪľʳ˺ҪģԼ壬ȻЩ۸˵õӦ
ӽŵʱ򣬾ͿӦҲûԼԹԵسˣôһڵسԣΪӦѾûˣһӦһ˶ûҪԼӣǴҴſ˼ڷȥιȥˡ
լտˣ˼ȥܾԼһŪʧʮӡȣԼıӣԼļױӶô󣬾ȻˣȻвʵġ
ãҵ˽ӣܵȽǮǸӸȻɾͿ˶ˣǾҪҽӽǮ
ҲһΪѣͬûǮһ㽪ӦѾ֪ˣһѽӳһԣֻõʵ:Ѳôʱˣһ˽ǮûУ
ãҡҡͷûֻûҪӦȻǮϺҲûп˿ԼǮƽﶼöپӦö٣Ըûν˽Ǯ
ҡͷﲻ˽һ:ûõĶ룬ֻתʽӹô𷨣ֻҪǲ׬ӡ
һ뵽ӦϵɫͲ뽫ƵķӸǽʱӦ֪ˣֽһȻ󲨡ǽӼܲסɺͽװСǷ˾ծ˵ģɻ׻¾Ͱѽ˵ˡ
˵ƣǿӦôãһЩǻġ㽫Լ֪һЩɣȴĿ⿴Լ󣬽һתͿСԼվţĿԹýһ˻µĺһϳˡ
һСҵĳ־֪ѾûϷˣֻе´ѰźûҽӣǱ㬵Žȥˡ
СʲôҲû˵ת뿪ˣʣ½㶵վãӲؼҡ
Ϊల£˭ϵڶӦҾ͹ᶫˡĿӦʰԼͼҪõĶȻҪţŵһ飬òԼŭӦϣӦҪ˰ɣ
ǽȥ˽С˭֪СҲͬһʿҲӾܿȥһ£û뵽ԼѾ䵽ڼﶼû˿ء
ǽֻȥļƣҲǻȥ￴Լ飬һΪѣһôʣµԼĶңһ˵:˵Ĳô˳ģҪסʱ䣬ܿͻˡ
һҲӦϵ˻ڳʹӦһ˵ķ:һңб¾סţˣ
С룬˵:˵ĻүҵĶҪˣǻȥס컹ʲôͽбˣ׬ӽǱҲ
ӱСҵĻҭһ£һʱ嶯˿֮ӦϣӵˡⷿȷȷʵʵӦӣӦĹˣӦҪġôһ֣ȥ˼ûˡ
ܿͰˡһҲûͽӴкһţˣԺļȴһ:ûѹֵĸо
Ӧң˺ܿͰԴӼǮ֮ӦԭȵĻ֮ϣһС¥רΪ˽ӴˣԽСһصҲеطסˡ
Ӧ￴ŽСҺУ֪СҲ߻ʽСʲô˱߻ܺãÿԽ̽̽Сҡ
ʱӦ˹ھǷнСʲôСҾһЦ֮Ե޹ˣ϶Ƕ󣬻ҪʲôµģֵԽСҶŲײ̬ȶԴ
ȻûһӦͿڵ:ҲǮˣҾͳˣ׼ټױģ˵һֿЦ˵ģȴʵʵҪǮġ


124 
СЦЦҪأ
ӦﶼҪЦ˻ˣ:ʮøأСЦЦû˵
Ӧ￴Сҵģ֪Сû뷨ģɫ䵭ˣȻ⣬û˵һӦļױʱӦ˶ʮӣ֮ǰӦġ
Ӧ۾һֱСΪСһóһЩӻĳЩֵǮĶģֱʱСҶûκεж
ӦżСܳһݣƱǲСĿǽСҸûû㣬оһһʧ䡣ǺƤʵ:СãҾҪˣ㲻͵ʲô𣿡
СҿӦȻ˵:ȻôҪ飬ҲûһʾǱ˴ӵؽ˾̳ƣ˵:ûʲô͵ģͽ̳ƣףͺ쳤ؾá
Ӧ￴Щ̳ӣǲֵֶʲôǮֲȾƣ͸ûһ㡣С˵:㲻ǴӦҪʮӵ𣿡
СһΣûô˵Ƽֵܸߣһ̳һӣҲʮˣֻ㲻ʶѡ
Ӧﲻ˵ɫС˵:֮ǰ㶨׵ʱȷʵ˵ҪʮӣղľҪģ˵ʮӵ飬ʲôʱ˵ģ
ӦﵱȻˣŵ:СûҪȴͷÿ˶
ϵɫÿˣӦϸôˣȻ֪ڻ˽СңҪ֪СҿӦеһ鱦ŭʮӶˡ
ӦϵȷЩ˵ͱСҸֹֻС˵:˶ʮѾֻ¸ˣҳ׵ʱǻ𡣡
˻ˣӦΪԼĶˣʮӣǽǵһ䵱һ棬պСҳףЩǮҪġ
˽Сҵʱ˶ˡϣһֱڹѾͷ˵ӣŭ˽С˵Ļ
ϱķΧ̫ԣæڻա˵յļױģϪõˣ˵Ӧȥ֮úദ֮ģǰԹȥˡ
ӦϺΪϲ죬רɱɱû뵽ô죬Ͱׯϲ£ȻҪԽԽС
ܿӦϺļӾʹż¨ˣϺͺϿŶڶױһҪüױɲСĿ͵ȥ÷ҵ˶թ˹ȥ
ӦͷӦڶӦˣ˽ӡӦְһϲ£ȫϹ֣ҲǼҰ̫ڿ죬֮ԣ˭ϲմ֣
γ뿪֮󣬴һţ˶һϵ˾ȻϵĴӣӦɣӦɳ⣬Ҳ֪ЩʲôѾһʱûлˣҲ˵ԼóˣԲŸϻֻЩ˼ҶѾϽӳˡ
ϺϿӦɣˮò⺢ӳ˲١ϺӦϴ󼤶ӣӦһѹڵϣ:ӲТôʱҲ֪ߵһŮӿӦٶҲͬ϶ǰ
ϿɲԼĶӶϱôţæְѺӴǵֱ˵:ͺãͺã
ôʱûȻǸ˻ˣӦһֱ˵ǳȥ֮顣ӦɵϱԱһ㱻ԼŮһ
ָһӤ:㿴ÿɰСϽȥһȻɰֻ۾ˮģǻ˵һ㣬Ƥ𪣬ɸɾһͲͷӡ
ֻ⺢Ҳû֪˭ģһԵӦϵĺӣϿӣԽԽϲȻԼûиСʲôģ͵͵һСǸӳ
ʱϾкôҸϽݳԷһڣӦų޵ãԼ·ϵˣûиӦ֮ǰ͸ϻ
ûϵڼҶסһЩӣȹնŵʱǾͿˡһ⻰æ˵
Ӧɵ:Ҳǡű:żô᲻Զﲻã
ʱظ֤ӦżǴһǧѡģҾٶŶΪҲãӦɾܷġ


125 
һŸ⣬ӦʲôʱߺӦżܱ˵һϡ
ϵʱӦɵĺӷﱻźͽСһ˯СһʼһЩİЩͬĻ⣬ܿʹһƬ˺ܺõѡ
˯ʱӦӣʱϸ˺һǱ㽫óӦϡӦϿ˿ϵһˡֻԼܲʲô˼ҰɣӦϱ㽫Сҽ˹
Сҿ˿˵ǲ󣬿ľϸһǲԼ߲ϵĺӴߵ֣ǽС룬ԼİȡһԵ׹Ե׹ģֵӦÿԺǽԣóϵӵãӦϿ֮Ҳֱͷ
ڶ糿ӦϿĵĽϵĺкСҴ׹Ӵϣӿⶫϲò˵ġһԵĲϿˣ˼˵:ǻûиʲôôͶء
ӦҲòϲҪƴǣԸϵģˣԷһҪ黹ȥ
ǾͲˡƴ˰죬Ӧ̬ȼֻΪѵؽⶫ̫أſ϶ǲĵģҪѶú
ţϺӦɾͽ׼õַÿˣôʱûмˣΪһ׼յһ˶ܸˣȻ˵ǺܹأһϲĶҲǷˡ
ӦɻʱйڽӼҵ飬ʽѾôˣֻӦ̾һ:ô⽪ѾõĺӣȻǲܸϾɱ潪Ѿ˵˲ٵĺûʹýѾýηء
֪ԭ˽ѾӦɺ:ûĵĶҲ˭ҪĵǸˡ˵۹Ƴ˽Сһˡ
ӦϺӦɵĻ֪ΪӦϴ򱧲ƽǳ۵ģȥ˵лǾͰӦɺֹסˡ
ӦŵӣһͽɨøɸɾģŮ˾ԼݡֻӦһشԸɷˣͷŲٵĶɼӹ˵ġСνĽ򵹿Ǹʲôˣٴʱ˿Եñ
˽ӦżôֻӦ￴Լɷһۣһߵ˵:ŴҺܺã˽»һԽӡ
⻰ϱ㿪ˡȻԼ۹ţҲӦﵽżһ۸ʣڼȻӦô˵ˣͷˡ
ϪϰףҪŵżңԳԹ緹֮ӦַػȥˣӴ˲ٵĶȥ
Ӧ֮ӦҲҪؼˣ⼸Ҳ֪ѾѼŪʲôˣҪȥơ˵ˣѾǽҵˣÿżҲ˵лġ
û뵽ǣҲҪŽСһȥҪӦһȥӦϿ⼸ӣõǺ֮ĸ棬ȻѾһȺͲһˡ
˵ҪȥӦϼӦϺһ糺죬ֻ˶ûע⵽ֱ˹ȥ
⵱Ȼð߻ɵúãÿԽ̽СҡӦϿż˵ӦǺϲģԽСҺһˣҲܷġ
һԵĲϼҲҪŹȥ:ʲôᣬ˼ʲôҡô˵ŲϵȥĻɣϱŪû취ֻܵ:úúãȥˡһͬˣ˵ûġ
ѵ÷ͽСӦദôãԭΪӵദҲԷˡ
һΣӦҲһȥˣҪӦɻûȥӦϵ¼ңҪȥ˳ٿ۸ԼСС̸
һӦϼӦɾǰͽӴкû뵽ӦɻȻЩִ١ӦɣһýӺúôӦϣȻ׷ŹӵģӦϵҪչˣӲһæﲻϣһЩɵӦϣӦѾΪӵ赹һΣȥӦϿûʲôô
ҲǵͷӦ˵ӦӦɵĻʹӦҵĻǰַһıȽϺá
ӦɿҲղŭӴ˵˭ﲻ£ǸŮҲһӻ⣬ҲôƫǣŽĸƵء


126 ֮
ĸѾǰˣӽҲҪúõĸӣȻӦ˶࣬ʱɲ׷Źǣ
һΣ֪ӦǹӦϳģҲֻܵͷ˵һӦϺõġ
ӦЩҲǺЦɴû˵ԼҪǰӣⶼӦ⺢ԼġȻӦɸһ̨£Ϳӻ᲻ȥˡ
ֱӽеӦˣӦɲ׼ݡ˲Žţͼ˽Ӽңûнţֻſվšֻɤ˵Ϻ½ӱһԱߵĽַھӶܹü
ΪǹģӦϼҪŮ˸ϻȥ
ȴĽ˹ﻹ˵û¡úӦ۸һȻûҽݣֻſںӦϼӦûгţ뿪ˣ·һΣʤһ
СʱԼͬѧһؼң·ϵʱĺ˵ǰǼϿһ⣬լǱ͹ȥ˵飬ؼұ㽫Ӧϼ˵ˡ
СһȻ򣬸ǽԼģΪʲôᱻͻ͵ʽԼˡ
ӦҲ˹ӳץһ⣬һڽǰϣ:Ķģ
Խһ£Ȼ˵:ⲻղ͹Ȼ˵һ˼ҲǺⲻǣǾͲҪһʶˡ
СһҪתƵϣ˵:˵ѣģȥլǱߵġ
Ӱ˽СһۣЩܺӣʱͲܲҪ죬ӻҪʲôûʲô˵ģֻгĬˡ
⼸ǮأӦϿӲ˵ֱ˵ʵһҪģȴûл˵ͷһԣ˵:ȫ˰ɣ
ӼĬʵϣĬҲ൱ĬˣӦֱͷΣûĵģôʱ䣬ȻǸɳϵ顣
ҸģûҪⲻ͸˻ˡӼӦҪżϻղӦɵľ棬æ͵
ǲǲҪ⻹˻ȥլǱ߿һ۲֪ˣСȥǽϵ׳Բ⣡Ӧŭؿһ۽ӣԽССɱܳȥˡ
֪Լ͹ȥôһ⣬ǽùֻһС飬ȻǱһ֣ʱǹȥĻȻ¶ڵġһżһ߿ŽСһ׷ȥҪ
ӦһӾȻŸ²õĺӾͳţվڽӶ:˵˭ӣѾʲô㶼ԭòͽ˽Ӱɣ
ӸŭӦ͵:Ǳߵ˱ȽǰɣȻˣҪôͽҪôţ
ӿӦϵģֿСӺôĺȫȻܶӦϺǸеĺӶ֣ǽֻԼӦ϶Ž಻ӣĺڽü޸ûûĶ
ѾȥȥӦｫӱ˹ȥӦһͽôˡСҲȥοӦϣӾһѷ£ҪѰˣͲˣҲӦǿӲųŵù
ˣҵĺװģһԵĽɷ޷޲ƽû뵽ӦϼѾصֵز⽪ӻ治һˣɷ͵
ҲǰȰ˵ӦϣúӡӦϴڴɢеĻֲҪ˵ģǴŴ˵û¡
Ϊ˻ͼգС׼óԣһҲˣҲҪһǽСұС֣ղŽ͹⳴ˣҲǷš˱һЩǼûĲʽǻ˵ĳޣ˶ͽС˵Ҫѧ
С°һƤ˵ҲŲأҲûŭ˼ֻ˵Сҳպãֶ£ضܼ޵һ˼ҡСҵһЦҪ飬ɲǼ޸˶ѣԼиߵ׷
극֮Ӧϵļ׼뿪ˣӦϣʲô飬;ܻȥǣϾܸϹ˭ҪǸ۸һÿ˵ţ۾Ƴӣ˵ġ
ڷӦסϼ죬֮Ҳа顣Ӧϼոװ޹סĵطѾ㹻Ҳ㹻󡣲ǼסһҲסСҵķ䡣


127 ϴ
˿Сҵķӵ֣̾ǻδСַӣذ嶼ģҲƵģִұģòˡ
СҿСãоǻصСʱһ֮󣬵һòͬѡȻ׸ǲڵĻ
Ӧ߻ȽϺãԽСӦﰴҪ˫ЬԱǿԴ
ûһСˣԼ˺ü»飬͹ȥһһкֻӦ￴С֮ٴηһ˿Ρ
СҸɾͿһ㣬ĿϴСͷ˻ͦģҿӦģϲԼġ
Ӳִֵģ㿪ЦҽСƺҲû뷨Ҫٳɴ£ôӳ顣
һŽ˷䣬ӿǶˣӦϡӦϿŽֲҽӣʽʲô顣
ӿӦѾԼˣֻĥĥؽȥӦ˵:飬ҵĲԡӦϿŽӾȻܹϴǾϡ棬ҲûбֳŽӼ˵
ںѣ֮ǰǷǰʮѾܶˣΪǼӵľ˾ˣǼܿ࣬ȻǲӲġѾ˵ˣ׼ľⱾܻܿǮġ⼸ǮҲһỹġڽԼͷĻ˵˳⻰ãžҪ˵ڵġ
ӦȻԽڻ˵ݣһ뵽֮ǰԼ̬ȣжһ:㲻˵ҵۺܻ㲻Ǿе鶼ҵĴ㲻Ǿý˵ʲôǺõģ˵ʲôǴ𣿡˵˵ţӦϻﾹȻżֵĿǻ
һʱȻûϵӦϾȻҲôί֮ǰһֱӦϺͽСҲ£¶ˣԲŵ¼ԽԽԶ̾˿:ҵĴҷˣԺһúտ
ӦϿҲô˵ˣҲûҪôΪѽӣʱԭ£ڽһûֵʱ򡣵ʲôʱƽֻᱻˣתʱ˵ʲôҲԭ½˵ġ
ӿԸϱڿԭԼˣеʯͷʱͷ˶ˡָоѾüûйˡ
ڶһ磬Сʱ򣬾ͿӦڴ壬ﻹ˯СҶԴֶܺ棬Ҳ̹ʮ壬ǸһĴ󡣿Ӧڴ裬ⱲӶﲻ
һС´ȥӦϣԼãҪһġ⻹ʣ࣬϶ˣڽСǰĵطûĻǸǲġ
ǰҲֻ˵ǲһܹóɣǲеĻɾ˷ôˡӦüͷŽСҽƣ˵Ҫü죬ʱǲеĻɾͷˡ
СҿӦһ۵ӣ:ͷİɣұ֤϶ǳóԣԲ˷ѵģӦţѾʼͽСһ׼ˡ
ҿƺ֮ͻѩˣֻҪһѩ˼ϾͲỵηֵĴڣֻܾŪȫõĻỵ
ûʱͿʼѩˣһûмѩĳ棬˵һܳȥѩСҽ̻Ǵѩ̣ѩˣСһĶô࣬ѷĽòˡ
˺һͨ棬֮ѩµøˣѾʺٳȥȥʱ򣬼ʰԼϵѩˮ̿ӦϺͼڴϣæģܰ
ʱ򣬽ҴҵعţӦ֪ӿ϶ȥţڿûжͬҲ뿴һνܹ֪Ϊʲô¡
һ򿪣Ҳ˲úӦϵìܣŽӵ֣һż˵:磬ô죿Ķβˡ
ôһ£żʵ
ѾüûЧˣ˵ȥӦҴӦУ˵ʲôõЧ˵
֮ǰȥӦҴǸӦ򣬿ӦڱĴˣ˺ü죬һЧûУٸ򿴵ʱѾ췦ˡ
ӦҴӦУѹֽҵ룬תĿͶӦϡ
ҸʲôӦϼ˶ԼʵֲǴ򣬿ûа취κĶ䡣


128 
ӵȻ֪Ӧûκİ취ĵӦкӦϺãӦϸԼʹӹⲻζ䡣
ֻһӣǶľĸɲԸӦ˵˵ûζ䣿СضӦ˵Ǿ仰˵ĲԣǵӦ
ӦҲ˽ӵ˼ӦϺʹأЦ˵ϣɲ˶Щһģҽ߸ĸģ;ܴȥ˼һ᲻᲻ܣ
֮ҲûΪӦϵķ̶л֮Ҵҵ뿪ˡʲôûжĶҪҲû˼ȥЩˡ
ѩµúô˺ü죬ûа취·ûа취ֻðѩȥӦҴӦСӦпһǽҵˣԭᣬҽߣҲ˵䲻ҵˣûĽӭݡ
Ҫ˵֮ӦҲʮͷõģϵ򶼲ֻרһĶһ㣬ԲŻᱻڸǡ
ôûиоһ㣿֮󣬽һϣĿ˵һ£˵еۣ֮ǰ࣬ڵЩоˡ
Ӧп˰֮Ҳ˵ѾЩɫˣԺܲܺȫҪ컯ˡԺÿ춼һˣһ춼٣ɹֲң
һѾɫˣϲڵϸлӦУӦвͷؽ˷ûֽ˸˳ȥεʵˣϳȥҲԹԣϾ˼ң˼˵
ţŵĶëѩַ˳ôѩԺÿ춼ҪһˣöѾģ˵ӦϺļҾԱߣǿûǸӦȥȥˣҲٷ֮ٻᱻϳ̾˿ֻѡȥɵļңׯ
ӦߣӺӦϸո͵Ĺϵֻصԭı㣬ҪӦϽͣûΪӦǸԹ˽ˣӦȴֱӲȻӦһֻҪһ飬ӱŽǱߡ
ӼӦϲԼͿԼļӣ˭֪Ҳ׷תͷȥһĶὪӡ
Ӧ￴ﲻ֪˵ʲôĺãܸоΣһȲѩˣһͬؼˡ
ͷʮֵƣһ˺úõģһֱԭӡһͷӣɽˡ
ԭӰȴȻһƬӰƮԼߣӶһǴĺġ⺣ѾʮңȴʮСÿĻ̵ģǸ˶˵ҪˣҲȫĸŮĶ
Ȼѩ⺣ȴһۺۺĵ£Լ¶üȷ񻡣ƽҲô˵ģϾͷһӦϣ˵һ仰ᱻӦϸˡ
Ӵϸ磬ô?һӣǰʵͷ˹ζ
ӱĵһϸеȫźǰ͹̵壬Ŀת˺һӲ·ӦƿĿ⣬䲻Ȼ˵ûû£ƣҪ硣
һûӹĵ۾ԼءӹվţǸڵ뽪ȥö塣
ܾ˺ĵ룬֪ڼͷӦûˣйŮģ˿лɾ˵ˡ
ĿӲϹ˶ε˵ҪǾòĻҪһؼҸԵĹɣվ˴ˣӦҲ˰ɡ
һ룬ͬˡϸȷʵкܾˣҲˡΪӦϳܣͻȥˡκΣһ뵽Ӧϣ͸ؼҡ
ĹȻӴȺķ˹Ȼζмͷʳڼ֮µĽӿҲѾζˡ
ӿͻݵĺģ֮ǰһƫԺżӦϣǰĺȣֱһϣһ¡ɵðôôùȡһĸϻؼأ
ĿӳԵÿģҲһԸ磬ҿҵ޻ֵرãҲ޻ˣҪ̽Ұɣһݵ˵
ӿһݵģһԺȻںҵΪ˵ϣȻҲʹӦ˵ȵʱ򣬾ͽ̺ô޻
˵ãںĳȻĹ֮£˲٣ӦѾԹˣӲǣϡ


129 ֪
صңӦһѾԹѾȫʰˡһ˶ԼӣͷٴηһȴֻװûԹһʣµ䷹ͳ
ӦϿôŻΪȥլǱ߸ɻȥˣԽӸûˡΪͷһ죬ؼֳ䷹ûöӾʼˣһֱé
Լܰɣ㣬ȥ˼ҸɻٷûԣҲ㻹۰Ͱ͵شȥӦϿӳԵӣû˵
ͬҲΪЩ飬ǲӦϣֱȥšȵϳԷʱ򣬽С˵˽ӲּһûһҪģֻǰ˵:㲻ҪҪҸй
Ŷӣȴҡҡͷ:û£˯һͺˡִϵģԸȥġ
СִҪûٹˡôһˣأӦóʲô⡣
ӾŶ˯һҹҹβڶ𴲵ʱ򣬽ӵɫѾӽɷˡСͽСҪȥѧýԼȥ
ҪȥҴأ·Ͼ˺ģû뵽춼ǵȷˡ
ͺĴк͹ȥˣû뺣Ҳһ·ŽӸ˹ȥһ·ϣĶԽ꺮ůҵʱ˲ֵ׳꣬ҪúעԼġĶԽ˵
ˣ˵ͷû뵽ʱգ߰οԼ˲ӦϣһʼʶŮˡ
ɩڼﶼڸȻôģɷ֣˿ô죿˵⻰ֱӵģ˵˽ӵһԼȻٴκ˹
ץҩ֮󣬺ֹĵĸ˵:ҩҪҵˮյˮֻʣһʱͿˡ
ȫûпüеڣֻ˹ˣůůģָоöûйˡ
صңӦϺͽСҼ˹ȻûҪｪӼҩ˵˵ȥҪԳԿͷ˵ûмҩںĵָ֮£Ӳһ˰ҩҩˡ
Сҿ岻ãҲûǿȥˣڴһȥͣģ˲ٵı꣬ӾʹڼϢˡ
ʮȥˣСҵڶʱ򷴶ǮˣΪˣҶϲԵȺůůӡ
СǮ֮ȵľǸӦಹƷ壬ȴƫƫûнӵġӿż⼸˺õģͷĲܸоԼż⣬ǽֻҪһãɽϺļȥ
һʼȥģ˺߿࣬˵ĸ˲١ڽӿ⺣Ĵ£Ӧһȡ֣һΪ˲ٵ÷֣˼Ѿչ֪
ȻֻǽӵΪѡĹɼʱʱӦϵ½ӶӦϵԽԽ
ȽӻصңҲѾϹǮˣǶ˲ٵӣбǮƣû뵽𲻳ɣֻ˶Σͨ׾ơ
ֻǵӴ󣬵ȽеĹƶ֮󣬳ȥǮܹҲ׬˶ʮӣӽǮ
Լôʱ䣬ȴֻôһӣǲʡôˣʲôʲôͿӦϼҵһͷ׬
ͷȿļӾҵ˶ڱԹ֪ͲɵĻʲôƣ˵ͶˣȴֻôɹžϾҪˣǾǮȥ֮󣬹궼ûǮĶˡ
һԵɼæ˵ֻǿһСͷѾҵĴʱſ϶׬ģҶ
˵ֻ׬ôӣͬܲġֽӣҪһǣҲ˷ôȥһЩˡ˵꣬ѽ罫÷ϣõʱûط򡣶ҪһƬأЩӺԼ㡣
Ӳ֪ԼֺãƵķӣȴ˼
СߣѾ겻¢Ϲˡֶ綼ǻᱻģ֪ӦѾӽ˷ˡӵһ飬һֹչʱ򣬼Ǯ͵ˡ
ӦϺͽСȥӦϺһԭһͬĵģСҽеӯϵôһ˵ֶͬ˽Сҵˡ


130 Ʒ
飬ӦúǴ˵˵ĺȽǿټǵ֧֣ŴҶǵġӦϺ֮
Сҵͷ:Ȼ
һ׼ƹ飬Ѿ˺ܴһĵأ׼Ը㡣ûϵСһ˻Ȼı⣬Ѿ㽫ƵƷˣҲòôֵǮˡ
С˵겻ˣҪȫһֹҪƵķӸˣ;úܲ⡣
С˵ҪƵƷȥǼ˿϶ǲģҪľѳ֣ΪôҴƣ൱ǴƵĵһСѧŽСҵĻ˵
ӺȻѾʼֹоһ󷢻ţΪԼҪⱾˡ
Ȼһ˵ϾͿʼˣ粻˵˵ƫƫʱǽ˲ãɵĹ綼ѾˣֶһСˣȥ˵Ļ϶ǲܵġ
ϺԽִֽӲТ˳ٵϢԼڼﲻ֪Ҫʧˡ
ϿŽϺס:ͷͱˣǶϱһ۶࣬ʵӣںˣֱӰҲƭ㣡
Ϻò֣ͣȴʼվó˴ǱԽ˵:׬ǮΪģɾҪˣѾҲҪ顣УɿԵķúʹѾ׵ļױҪ׼
ŽϺĻû˵ʲôһγֺõ飬֪ͲˡϺӲ˵һȥŭ:𣿡
û˵ǾôӦˣȥӦϿ϶ԼÿģϺӻ˵Ҫȥֱס
һԵĽѾӦ˵Ĵ㣬ӽСҪȫƣҴȫһֹ˵һ顣
Ѿǲںʲô׬Ǯ׬ǮģֻӦ˵Ҫ츣ҽСҺܿиػ׬ٵӣͷʮƣǲСʲô鶼ѹһͷĸо
ò׻صңӦϺͽСŽϵİӡ̾ܣʵͷһӦѾˣֻ⽪Ҳһ취ҲûУŽ̲ľˣ˵
ڶӦϱȥ˵Ҫֹ飬һϪĴơģصعά˵Ϫ֮ˣϪ˶ֻĻġ
ⱲӲںʲôΨǿУӦϵĻպ˵ϲϲشӦȻ˴񿪻ᣬӦҪŴֹһ˵һ֪⵽ĻǼٵġ
ⲻܣôôģһڵС۵ͺӦϿۣӦ⼸»÷ˮģͷļѾҪˡ
ǣҪƣھͿԣΪʲôҪһꣿһ˸͵ȻӦĶȴǣӦźúõǮ׬ΪʲôҪôõķӷңòǱŷӵغŪԼİɣ
Ӧϼ˶Լţǰ˵:ƿɲǰ׽̵ģʮ֮ڣֹĵĹ֮һճɶҪǼңռ۸Ӵһӡ
ŵ֪ӦʲôӣǴһҪǮǮԭ۷׷׵ﰲ࣬ڿҪҪӦϡϾⶫȷȷʵʵǺ׬ǮģӦϼʱı仯ǿɿ˵ĶǼٵġ
Ҫˣ鷳һ£ǩ֣Ƶʱֻһ˼ңҪ׬ǮģͲҪԥˣӦϿһԥֱ˵ô˵
ʱһվܵСվλǩֻѺˡĺ£Ȼ⣬ӦҲ˵ˣǲֹĻҲԼˣȻһǩͬˡ
Լʹһǩ֣æŸָĵأȻϹ
ϿӦϲ̸ǣ˵ͷʮƣӦǸĶϺҲӦϺͽСҡ
İô˳ԭķϵĵغܿͱŪˣ͵ŴʱϹˡʱˣûط硣
ȻеǼСã٣ҪģһĹ硣ԼĻҪѺܳһʱ䣬½ǽ᲻˼ˡ


131 ֻ
شС˵˽СڽϪͷֹԼ棬Ϊ鷢أ˹ҪԴ˲ýСҵĺøС
а취Ū磬ҪӦһ¡شյСǰ˵ھ͵ģС÷ˮ𣬵ʲôʱСǿԼշҪڴ֮ǰСսС
Сܲ׺ͷСžţ˵ϴӦѲذԼҵ˴򣬿ǾΪ͸ӲǷصˡ
ĶԺû˼˵ܲǷ飬ͲҪǷʫǺͺذһԼǺһţԵԼǸḡ֮ˡ
ǽСһ϶ضԺ˵:ˣѾ뵽˰취ˣͲͷүˡ
ؿŽСҾӣʱˣСҵѾŮӦþеˣоԼѾС˦ʮǧľˡԼͷһʫؾرҪ˻飬Сҿ϶ΪŶԼ黳ֻҪ˻飬СҾܻصˣ
ڽСҾܾеͰֻܼ֮ƵĻؼˣСҶԼģҲûʲô˼
ѾһԿŽСңŭԱСʲô¶ѹһͷض˿ؽСңڽСҶ֮£ȻĽּʡ
صģǹСҰæġʸ֦ʱ򣬼ִضԽСңûһ˿ԼʮֵĲ
Ѿ룬һ⣬ҪȥʫصΪʫȻӲԼȻܶԽСôֻҪܿСʫͷԱͺܽ
Сҵڶȥڷ磬˵ķڷ˽Сҵ뷨жԽСޣСıǴССӣסСҵĵط
ڷȻ֪СҵֻҪСУֻҪ۾ͶʾСǡʲôط԰ﵽǵ𣿡ڷʵСһܵȻǼ򵥵ĹԼ뷨
СһЦȻǸˣ˵¾ôͨ͸
׼ֲҲҪĹ磬ԼĻûϼʱпܽҪһЩȥܽӳ硣С˵
ڷһ£黹ҶˣСұ֤ͷİɣϣұ׼괺֮ǰеȫ͹ȥ!
С¶ϴЦݣ𣿡֮ǰڷҲûʲô취Ͼǿ͹ݵģûʲôһȫˣȻǿĵòˡ
ڷСҵģʵѵ㻹ҲɣģպˣҪȽҵУ
СͷȻģڷûаԼҲὫ͵ڷϾ˼ѾԼöˡ
ӽѾУʫ֪˺ȥ˽Сҵ飬һӽϵĶȫƷСˣչ磬οҲһʹĽѵҾͲС㣡ʫ
ѾʫľҷӦֿ˻Сң͵ưɣ
˵ҶѾǩֻѺˣ˶ֹŸӦ鵽׿ɲɿ˵ӦֻһŮң˶Ӧж͡Ӧһĳɾȷȷʵʵǲˡ
Ӧϼװ޵ԽԽƯķӣЩ˱ۺô˵ǶѾǩ˵ģӦһΣճԹӹˡǳɹĻҲܹӦϼˡ
֪СԼɵŪ磬ӧ˵͡ڷ翴ŵģ룺⺢Ӹòǿ˼ҽС˰ɣ漴̾һԽСҵ˽⣬СҪýСҵķģǻҪŬһѽ
̾̾ͬŵ뷨ֻڷһӣһӾͳˡ
ſСҵʱ򣬽С·ŽСҽСӰֲôõӣԸϱͺˡҪæԼ˼ǣϹЩʲôأбԼһ¡
ʱ򣬽СҲžԼſվţæӭţָˮӦϼڷĹӹˣҲҵóԵĶȫ˳


132 
ŴСͷùڷ׼ĹӣݸСңҵҸĹӣ˵ںʵ绹ŪһЩӹСңЩԼ硣磬꿪ʱȻ͵Ϫġ
СȻŵùڷģ½ԼͲòٶˡ
ӦϿһӣⶼЩʲôѽȫֲ塣
ֻò˵ˣЩӵֶѾдڰװڲˣһ𿪾ܿõСҵ˵ͷӦһŽԼˣЦúϲ£죬ҪżڼԷ
űͽСҶһøԼᣬȻʮֿĵ
СҸڷӵǮ֮󣬾ץһӣԺȻöסûûѿͶˣҪһԣʱܲ
Ӧȥ԰ժ˲ٵˣϴһ⣬ڳﵷˡתתȻ㿴˻֮еӤҲǽСҵСܵܡ⺢ӵͦԵģһֿ첻ͣЦһԵﶼ̲ס˵⺢Ӻſˡ
һӣżûʲôһϪ˵ķӦСϪ˲СĶţֻ᲻һģҲΪСһѺ
Ϫͷ󲿷ֵ˵Ƕͬ붫һֻ⽪լǱƺŲСľ͹һ֣ҶȥˡʵشӦһ˴ʱʱľͻȥԼĺӣ˵ȻӦߵġ
ŵ˵ͷ⽪լǱߵҲǳѲҲûôϾ˼ѾںֶˣôǣҲ˿졣
ʱҪĺӵ飬֮пɳ֮⺢֡˵һ۾ϲӣȻϣܹȫġ
ָ֪֮˾ǽլǱߵˣǼԼŮŹ붯֣϶Ҳģæͷֻܷģ⺢Ѿ䵱һԴȻʲôʧ
ʱ򣬽СͽСѧɽţ˴кʱҲɻˣԼҲһк˵ڼͷǮˣǰһϥѾϰˣһӻĸĲˡ
СңʲôóԵѽСһžŵζıȥҽСˣӦЦ˽СһСèȻ㽫Сϳ˳
Сһζ֪Ĳ˺ܲҲٽȥңš
ȵԷʱȻСȴϯһȺȻΪŵļЩнȴΪζķ˶ĵʮ泩ŸǶӦϵĳ޲ڣζֱˣûгԹء
ӦϿôϲԣȵҪߵʱ򣬻صذŴ˶ʮŸղŵζȻԼԲô࣬õҲǼõģǱ˿ˡ
ӦҲǵһγԼ⣬û뵽ζȻԴﵽ㣬Ҫһ⣬ԶŹ꣬԰Щ϶Ҳ׬ӡ
ⲻʲôⶼأСҿӦϳԵĸˣǱ˵ӦϸѪˣ˵Щһ϶ܴ
Сҡҡͷ:ȷǸĺöֻڻʱҪľԼֹ̲׷Ķæ
ӦһҲԣûдѬ£ŽСȥ˼Щ⣬׼Լҳԣ֮ǰģ󲿷ѾţԼȻͲˡ
æ˺ü죬СҵҲѿˣСұӦȥӱ֮С
˵˵ҪֹҪԼǮ˹ͼṩֲ֮ƣʱǴ׬һʣǾɵı˼ƭӦϺͽСһش·ϣôԼ
ӦϸҪȥ˼ۣͱСҸסǻҪʲôɡС˵
Ӧϱһţֻ˵һ˸ȥ:ɲҪҲôģԼǮˣűģ˵ӦҲĵȷȷŲ
˵ʲôӦʱҲ̲סˣЩ˺ĵ¿ηΣǮȻ˵ĵģԼȻԳŻͬȺһԼһġ


133 
ΧһǺȻӦһŭ䲻һȴǰ˵ʱ򵱳ͷᱻӦϸȥġ
Ųǰɣǰֲ֣Ӧһŭһ仰ܻؼˣȻЩ˲ʶôҪԼĹƷӷң
˭֪㰲ʲô˼ҲûǰôĹҿǲģҪıȡ󣡡ӦߺһСֹôһ˵ΧһȺ˷׷׸ͣһĶ˵Ӧƭ˵ġ
СһվԭأֻЩƺûע⵽СҲСҶЩ˵߼ҲѾ޿̣Լİǣû뵽
ɱɣɵľǵĹۺúÿţպһչˣҪٵĹ˴򹤸ɻҳ˵ǰͷǸʱҿɲҪЩʱˡСҿ˵һ˲Ͱˡ
Ƕ׽Сҵ˼ǻѵãξûôõĻˣԺҪ룬ҲԶԶôף˵ҪһѣܲоͿԼˡ
ϱС⣬ô˶ԽСһˣǾǰͽᡣ⽪СƶԸóˣ˵ԼͽСҸùϵ֮ҲܵõķӡڹƵķӹѾôֵǮˣȴǺġ
ҶϹЩʲôأɩѲɻΪԼұ֤ɩӰٷ֮ŵùҲһһɣ׬ǮģҪϺӵģҪúÿ׼ᣬҪĳЩ˵Ļƭˣϱ˵ᶨԼҲһСֵĸ˻
ǰֻҪúãԺͿԹϺˣҲһ϶û¶ˡ
СҼϱѵõĻΪԼ˵仰˵ͼи˻ΪԼ˵仰ˣϱ˵ͷʾмϱСԼ飬˵ֺǺǵġ
ֻҪھ͸һɵˣҺȻңʱû׬ǮңҼѾʼˣȳɹ˾͸˵ɹĹȫָңҲ˴ҵһֱǮС˵ʱһ˿˿滺
ʱȺЩŽС˵ĻˣҲֻǽŽɶѣǱ˵ȻѾ磬ǹȥһӦûʲôɣ
СҵһЦȻǿԵġǱ㽫˴˼ҡ
һСҼҵķӣĽòˣֵװ޷񣬾ϵļ󻧶ûаɣСǴѧģԺôϪͷе˰ɣ
Сֱӽ쵽˺ԺԼ˹ӵĵطǰʱѾѿȻѾǶˣڽСҵľ֮£ӲûбҳáѾϥˡ
ľ֮󣬲ٵѾҪŽСһˣֻһٲֵ˻ڼԭĹ۵㣬˵ӣ˵ʲô׬ӣﻹǵЩ
С̾һЩβִԼû취ˣֻ˵Щ磬ҪṩıǮұƭˣҲ˶ӣ෴׬ӵʱٽЩӻңˮʱ򣬸һɺð
ǽС뵽Ψһһĵİ취ˣֻվŵ뵽СҾȻʱȡӣ˾ͻѾ˵ˣȫ¶ҪӦϲһѡ
ȫ֮󣬽СҲɵһԭڼӦʱûܳ⽪Сһȥ⣬ŸղȺĹΡСͬЩĹΣû취ҪƹȥҪЩ
Ͼ͵˽СҵˣӦһæ飬ӦһҲȫСˣСҵү˾Լı綼СҴ
һͨŮӻܲģֻнС⣬ϾΪôĹףȻֵôô
˶˷Źͽᣬһͨļ˰ϯ˺üĿˡ
֪ͬϢ׼õһСҵļСΪרŸԼӹģɾ͸ԼǺÿĵؽԷˡ
űǱŽСҵģ⣬ǱŻСҴ˺üĹСҿôҲԼһ˶ҲͬԲ꣬Ǵһȫָ˴ϲˡ


134 󶩵
ſԼĵľôָЩˣ˲С˼ģû뵽ôЩˣͷڵѪԭʮһӾû£ȥúһСҡ
СŹԷСóԵĲ˸ϾԼôæܲܵ˼ҡ˭֪ȴܾˣСһ£ֻŽһ׹ڽСҵͷŤͷˣС׷׷ϡ
ôСҲԼָôԵģ˵ԾͲˣ˷⡣ȻŲԣǾͱԼˣ
ʱСҲͷ׹׹ʵزһǼֵƵģôصĶҲҪԼѾǷôˣɲôصĶˡ
ʲôʱţȥССؽպãʱŪ˿ɲС
˳֮Ÿղŵ飬һԼϵ׹ȻˣһԼȻһ׹ȻԼƺôһ飬СҵһԼģԭ׼Сҵǿ廹ԹԵԼϡһĶͷԼʲôʱôûˣ
ȻѾӽҳˣôҲٻؽҽ׹Ҫŵ´μСҵʱٽ׹СӦòġ
ӦĲˣ˶ൽӦҵļŮҲȫӦ£⵹ࡣھ͵ŽСͽСͿԿˣôҪʱ̣ҪһС
ڽСͽСѧҪؼҵʱ򣬱סˡ
ҸСһԶ׹͸ǿɲתһ£ҽ߲Ͳܹȥˡɽס˵
СŽеĶ׹ֱڿ˵:СҲϲֶ˻һΣҪԴͽὪСңڽСĻһԼСžűĸо
ֻнСԼܵ˵æ˵:ɸ磬㻹ԼȥתСҰɣҲ֪᲻ϲ
ʱɫѾָԽС˵:ãȻҸһȥ
ʱ򣬼ߺХųȥһ࣬ȴ˿ûͣ˼СķԼӵķĪЩ
СվſڵȽСͽСؼңԶԶؿһȺԼҵķۺŵĿһУƺ߲ơ
СͻؼҽŸЩһͲѰˣԼɲһǷǣԺųԷ˿СٶΪʲô£׷׿Сҡ
˽ͣ˽Сҵļſڣ߹ţʵ:ǽСҼǹƵģš
СЩţȻ֪ܶණٴҲֻзŵķݣӦϿСٴеģҲһŵɫףΪʲôˡ
Сɳ˵:ﲻƣߴˡ
֮˽СҵĻ⼸ֹһ£ת˵:ƵĵطＸǶ֪һȷȷʵʵǹƵģ
СҽŽɵؽŴ򿪣Ժôأ£ƿô֮Ҳûˡ
Сҽ⼸ӭţһ˽Ʊ˵:ҼҹٴǰʱҵľƣоʱǵøҼҹٴһǧӣЩƵĶԺúõĻͣ
һǧƱҪƱӹ٣һ̶˵ֱһϺȻ͵ڱˣƫƫֱһԸһ
ӦϿӵ飬æһѽƱ۷ŹģӦϾͲôõͷġ
ӿӦϽԼǧ֮ģͷܼˣΪһˣȴ¶Ըϱѹһͷô˿ţûˣϪ˶Ѿ֪Ӧϵˡ
СҿǧƱ˱٣Ȼ˵:ģдվݣõʱ⣬ʱͿþˡȻȺƺ̫ȵľƿ϶кܶˣôһ⣬պøԼļƻ
ʱСֻԼϪһŸҽʴƱ˵ԼïظϵģʶԼһ˵ĵһԺˣдվ֮󼸸˾ͼ뿪ˡ


135 ׹
һԺҲ˽Сҽһ󵥣ѾյǧӣĿ붼ģһҲûῴôӣû뵽Сô׾׬ˡ
ӣǶԸŽСһֹƺȣ뵽ԼԺҲܻСһЩ˵۾ڷŹ⡣
ӿƱҲ۷Ź⣬ʵ:ƱǼѽСû˵:Ȼģûôɵϲ
һǧƱ͸ˣƵ:ôӣ϶ҪһԼɻǺӦһģ
Ӧ֪ҪΪլǱߵ˴㣬ֱӿ˵:ȻǺһɣֵĹûг֮ǰֻҵˣ뼸ˣЩˣͱˣ
ӦϵĻֱýӶͷԭ߸˵ɫʱҲˣüͷ:˵αظ˼ƽϡ
Ӧһŭ:㻹һɱˣδҺĺǵģһٶΪǱߴ㣬Ѿ御ˣҪûţ
ӱӦòУ֮ǰӦ϶ԼҲǷģʱԼ̫ˣӦ¾ͶԼűȫûԼˡ
ǲТָӦϵıӦϵĻشֱǳϣԼѾˣΪʲô԰ﻹˮ֮еһأ
ӦϱֱЦԽ:ТʲôֵȥТ˳ģݺСңСŪˣѲͺһһ㣬ֵȥТ˳ǣҸ㣬ЩҲһǮҰˣҲ㿴һۣ
ӱӦ˵˫ֱַӾҪǰӦϣȴһԷ˽СңСһֱؿԼӿŽСң·𿴵ˮһȫҲ˲úԼӦˡ
ʱС󼸸˻ؼˣ滹ŽɡֻɽԼ׼õóȻɫĺͽС˵
СҿŶ׹ϵ飬ģԽʵ:лл˲Ӱɣ󽫶׹
ɿСԼ͵͸ˣڰ˵:һСС⣬ҳݡ
СҲ֪ɲһ򵥵ˣٲ񽪴ѾһûӣЦ̸˼֮󣬾ýԶϣֻûǶģиϼˣΪǼڴϴģҲôûһԼѽ
ǽɴҴҳԹȻһ콪Сʲôʱȥѧ뿪ˡ
Ѿ֪⽪ǸСףȥˣǱʵ:磬ʲôοοǲ͵̫ˡ
֪ѾҪ֪ԼʲôǺԼ͵̫ˣǺԼ͵Ķ̫أǿ˵:ûʲôһ׹ˡ
ʲôѾһɵĻ˲;ȵؽгȻ˵:Ǹ׹͸СҵģѾΪⶫ͸ԼأϾһãٲҲ͸ϲĳӣôܻ͸Сҵģ
һԵĽϺˣʵ:ⶫӣɲˣָɵСӾ˼ȥֺýСء
û٣롭ӡʷܵ漴Ϻ뽪СҼԣڶȥӦϸùϵˡ뵽ɺȻȰ˵үӦһѾڷˣǿ϶ᷢƵģҪմ⣬ھҪǸùϵٺˡ
Ϻһ⽪ɶԼĻһûȥȴѵԼǳ:ûĵģΪҲ׬ǮģҲǸģдı˵𣿡
ɻ˵ЩʲôȴϺѾˣжԽϺ˵ɵѾԽˡ
Ѿ֪ɰͽӦϺͽСң׹͸˽СңͷЩǶ׹Ǹöϲòˣû뵽ȻСҸռ˱ˡ˵ˣѾýѧҵΪأǽɿԿȡ״ԪɻڴҲָտɴˡ
ڶ콪СҾͽ׹ˣ׹ȷСҶɵϲ飬ԶǾ˹ɱȣִԲйҪǣֻ׹˫̥һһģһ½ɻ˲ٵӡ
˿ƽʲôĽСҺȻһԶ׹׹ѰǼƷʣ׷ǰһ˿˶ϲòˡ


136 
ⶫ˭͵ģôÿϱŽСҵĶ׹ʵСʵش:լǱߴ͵
ϱһǽ͵ģϵЦ˲תЦ:ҿģǾǿڹúˣŹͽأСҿϱЦЦû˵ʲôͷȴףϱΪϴνѾݺ¹ڻء
Ѿһδţгżʡ׹ԽԽϲ֪׹㻨˶ӣҲýɾȻûôǮֻ׹ڽСҵϣѾֻʮۣרŴһ
СҺʹļŮȥ·½ֻ½еһССУԽС˵:ΪЩûиϹȥףˣҿСæ׼Ҳ˳µģ͸㡣
СҲûпͷǸʲôϾڹŴű˵ܲòǱ:лл˽ô
½룬Ҳû׼ҪʲôСҿģ:ҪȥҼҰɣ˽ںһڼ׼⣬ȥأ
½ȻͬˣҲţֻǴûгԹҲ֪ɶζСҺͼŮҪȥ½ҲǵĻˣֻ˵˶ȥ緹
ʱ¥ϵĲ¥Ȳ裬еľĴϹ˭֪һƳƳ˽Сң»ûкϵȺò裬Ҵҵ¥¸ϡСˣֿȥСˡ
СҺͼС¥ѡ֬͵СŮֶȴֲôͿȫЦţ˵Ц
СҶֶûʲôȤⶫͿȥ֮󣬺ԵĿԿһۣԽ֮ǰʹ÷۵Һֶжױɫܰơ£ȻǲôڵĽдȻָɾƯɲͿˡ
˭֪СһתͿһӰӭӰҲѾ˽Сˣͷһ:ԩ·խҪԶԷߡ
˭֪˿ɲСԸ׷ŽСҵĲӾ͸˽Сǰεε˵:ӴⲻǽҵСôôҲй֣ڼͷ𣿡
θСʹӵʫ֮ǰСҺӦϴɵҲѲ˸ϵǽѾһңʫ
ʫ⻰˷̵ζһʫվŵļźʫŮͳڵ:˵⻰Ҳ̧˼ңϣңļҵŮܱΪСأҿģҸϵѾͷ磡
С֪Щ˴û£װûһ㣬ŪԼĶʫһԼǲҪȥǷǵĺá
˭֪ʫСҲ˵ӲԼһС˵˵Ϫֹƣҿģóƭ˵İɣϪӣ
ֿСҶϴһ۵׹ڷ̽СҵƣǮ׹أֻ˾͸˶صЩϵίˣ
С޿̣ȻʫûŹԼĻᣬҲûټȥˣǱʫصʲôĶۺûԼģܱģģͷµǿɣ£Ҫ˵ģ
һԺͽСһļСҲȥˣʫҵС㣬Ҳ˹ְɣǸ潪СҴ򱧲ƽѽСԼǮ㶫ôˣ׹Сҵĸ͵ģƾʲôͲܴˣ
ΪҵС㣬ԭΪж֪ȴнҿҲһȽֱڿ˿ڶʫ˵
ʫһСҾȻ˵Լ⻰Ծ˵ԼҵһԽСҴЩѾͷûйأȻ˵Լûнɾҵˣ
ʫͷŭСҵ鳤úԼ֮ǰЩ̫һһѽСҵĶ׹ûпǹСһ᲻ۡ
СŶ䣬ֻʫŽСҵ׹˼ۣȻЦǼٵ飡Ϊ϶õĶءҲһٻѣ
СŶ䡣Ķ䣬ô³ĽԼĶ׹ȡۿʫҪ̻һ
ڸʲôʫſЦʱ򣬽СһֻشʫȻ嵽СǰۿŽСҵŽСʹģͷһż


137 ִ
ҡʫźصĵһңΪԼĻ¸е飬Ȼһŭӿ:أȻСҵģδʲôˣ
ʫҶԺطƢǱ㽫תƵСҵϣһѽСҵĶ׹ŽСҵķڵϣ:ѽôôСģ㶼ûнס
СЦһ£ȻԼһֻϵĶ׹ҲȡȻݺݵˤڵϣ:ȻôϲҾͲҪ˰ɣ͸ˣ
㣡ʫСʱһ仰ͽԼڽ£ʮһŲǸ飬ȻûнȻȴҲŪ˳覴ãǷˡ
ʱΧΧŵҲԽԽ࿩ؿľƣ֪ʫ£ΪСҿ϶Ķʫǰ˺ֱģǿúܣѹСһᱻ۸
Ǹؿʫ˵֮ǾȫȫʫĲԡʫԸδ򲻰ԼȥһԼԵļŮˣлǶԺŭ:ôŮˣ
һ£漴˵:ûҾϲһûдʫһΪϲһ˶ɾ²Ǵġ
һ˲ʶСһȺˣ˱㽫СҼ˵һһǣͷ顣ʫű˶ԽС۷׷ףͷһһˬ죬ȻָֻһŽСҼˡ
֪ͷ˭𣿡Сҵһֻ½һŽС߹ʫ˵ҲĻԼģĻְԣĻԼϣ
ʫû뵽ĳһˣһĻʫһңĿɲ㷢Ƕ½ʵ:˭
½һװ˵ĸӣʫǰγһβСĲ࣬ʫԼǵ:˭ҪҪͷ浽˭ŪġС㣬ҲĻԼģͷ治ǽСŪģĻԼͻܵͷ
ʫȻǲҵģԺصĸɲģҪһǣ֪ͷǽѾɵĺ£飬ġ
ƾʲôҪģͷǮѾˣ˭Ǯ˭Ū£ʫ˵޵ĴݳһֶǽСŪĵ˼
ʫ˵⻰תҪߣۼСǱô˰ԼߴЩСһ仰ٶ˵ȥûʲôô
վסֻСȵѾת뿪ʫ˽СҵĻŲһ£ζҵС㣬ƾʲôҪһвӣὪСҡ
СҼʫԼҲû˿ŭֻһȥקʫ˵:ͷһûѵ֤ҴģѲۼˣ
ʫСҺݺݵקסôʫ벻ԼСļ˾ȻȻôֻСҲʫӦֽŵ:ȻҲ˵ˣŪ˱˵ĶܵǮҵĶŪģô˿أѲҪ˲ɣ
ǶԼˤãƾʲô⣿ʫҲüػӦȷȷʵʵһֻǽСҸˤģȻһȥ
뵽ʫɫЩѿֻ֣ŻǸ˵ģʫԱߵѾͷʹһɫѾͷʫ˽СҵʫֱӴѾͷͷ˼ʮͭ壬һȫڽСҵǰ
ôͭ壬üʶ׹˰ɣʫ˫ֻأҪŽСҼϵͭ壬Ц
˭֪СҵһЦ:ͭҶ׹һȱǶţԶ׹ֵüأѲС㣬òӣ
Сҹۣ׹ļǮԼǶңϾʵ̫ˣ̫Ľɿ϶Ͳ𣬴Լˡ
ʫԼûСңȴСҸЦһ٣һѽѾͷеĺɰͷĶȫ˲ٵĶҲòˣԭѾ׼ؼˣȴ˽Сҡ⽪СҪٶ࣬Ҳû˵ġ
ڽСûڱøӣֻСһȫؾףסСңֻɽСӣʫǿһˬ졣
˭֪Сҽȫ֮ͷָ·߶ŵؤǣҪؤȥԵģôӣôǸһ»ʳȻ󲻹ʫٶѿɫת뿪ֻʫԷ:СңȻԼǮȥ£ǳȫ˽Сҵһκ


138 
С֮󣬺غʫҲԻȥˣԭΪҽСҺúڿĳ棬СڶôԸˣһȫƻˣеʫϣڣԽԽǸŮˣֻһΪԼ˻ˡ
Ժ¿ֵ˷׷ײͷ浽˭ģ´˴ģдǸ˴ģǶ֪Ǹˡ
ҿŮӣǸɻµģ˵ͷĲɵءһָŽС˵ղŽСҽô͸ؤ֮ͶԽСҲȡµʶ
һȴԵ:˭֪أ˲ò࣬˵⽪СҾǹϷǿأ
Ǽ˵СҴϪ飬˵ƭ˵ģ˵ģһʱִһʣͬû˵嵽˭˭ǡ
СҴżŮȥ½ҳԷʫôһͣʲôû򵽣üŮӷóˣֱӾͱˡһСңճ½ӵۣպͳദҲôͲԼôأ
ʲôҪȥģҪȥ˰ɣ½һ˵Сû򵽶ԸµС룬Ǿˣ½:æһˣ³ԶɣĻҵȹʱȥ򡣡
ϵĶȻ˵ҲѾǵ˵̫٣СܾҲԼҪĶ½ҲŮȥֱǲܵ顣
սСҲѧѧȫ֪һԼٵ׹͸Сң꼶־ɶЦˡ
Ҳ֪Ǽٵģҿźÿˣ˭֪һƭӰɷƭ˶Ӳ˵ô˳ЦںˣԼûˣûСˣ
СһԿţ:ԺֶͲҪ͸Сˣ͸ԼöģΧͽСúõҲ׷׸ͣýɲûƭ׹Сҳһ١ӣܽôͣҶŽģΪǽɹġ
Ĵͬ˵飬׷׳ЦɡȻҲΪСұƽģ˵ŽԴγãƽСңýСұҵС㳰Ц˵ʫûйأΪҵС㣬һûУһҰѾͷ
Ѿһ˵飬æȥ͸СҵĶǲģ˭֪ѾСҸ˻ȥǼٵģСҲܾôˡѾŽСҵĶ׹̵:СˣͲֺöϣ׼κί
ʫһؼңǷһͨƢԱԼŮֲ֪ʲô飬ֻһԵѾͷѾͷʫСãȻͼӴ׵˵һͨ˵ذŽС۸ԼСʱԱһ:дŵѾͷҶ˵ˡ
ɷ˵ľʹʫȥ˺ҪʫһүһԱļƣק裬ҰʾԱҵǸϾϵĴ󻧣˭Ҳ˭
˭֪ؿʫһۣת뿪ˣҪǸûţ鱾ʫˣСƢȻҶȸ״ǸʮĻŮˡ
СӣһүغȻ뿪ּԱ̣æԺظͲûһӾϽȥˡ
үԱѾɫ࣬ЩЦһԵʫڣүҲüҪҪǣסҵϻͷҲԸҪǵĶϱ
ҵүָԼ֪һЩϢ˸šǴŹԱ˵:鰡ңҽ޷Сӳүүû˹ܵס֮ˣǸ֮Ҫúù̹̣ܽܽ
֮ڰʾԱܺʫҪûнѾͷȲ֪µʫϼһȻƤ
ԱһүĻӶˣҲйһ˿룬ԸŮµģֻܿͱˡڿү֪һЩʲôôĿŵ˵ԼŮû˵ȥţ
ţʫؼˣܰںϣܹʲô˼ǻصҴƢҪķ˹ܺʫҪٳȥۣͲҪˣŵʫҳһ


139 ˻
ĳƫƧĺؼĻȥˣһȻŤͷ˺ңԼſţؽһ
үûؿԼССӣҳȥǣһ²ţ
һͲˣʲôãΨ飬Լϲܳȥ֣ŽΪҪЮİѱδζΪͷ
Ҫ˻飡ؿԼѾһ½ˣҲںϼ죬ֱӵؽԼõ뷨˵˳
˵ʲôҪ˻飿үʵһϣĵͷһӵûţ
ؼԸͬ⣬ͻһֺõģźү㿴Ǹҵʲôϱȥǣܵס˵ˣ㲻Ҳôϲ𣿲ȻոͲˣ
ǲϲҽѵҲֻΪһ˸۸ͷˣ˻ûëǮϵͲҪˣү˵
ĵȷȷôϲʫϱ˵һֵô˵үӶģϵ˶Ѿ֪顣ʫûʲôǺȻ˻飬ҵδ棿ߣҵ֮أί˺أҲ׵ҵˡ
һԸϵ⻰Ͳ˵Ȼ㶼ϲҪǿңɴҰøˣ
үһ⻰͸˺һƣ˶˵ʲôأ
֪Լ˵⻰ЩˣҲٻˡүԼģ̾һ㣬ǲǿϪǸСѾͷˣ
ؾϲĵͷ
ңүٴʵ
ٵͷֻү̾ҡҡͷûţ
һ⻰ص˲ͿˣһԹĿźүֻүĺصļ򣬵Сӣ㣬ϲѾͷҲңСи檵ʲôСֵġ
ʧҡҡͷҪ˵ǰҲǲܣֻҪ΢ʹһСֶΣСֵֻ⼸С䣬ǣҲù°ˣԽСҵ˽⣬СҶûԲҵġ
£Ҫ˵ԼϵͬԼ˻飬֪үΪʲôԸ⣬޷ǾǽСҼҾƶѣٴοȰ˵СҼͷһ㣬ûгҲˣǼͲ֮ǰˣ֮󣬾ҺҶһܱȵϣΪʲôǲͬ?
ү̾һԭԶˣڻף㵽͵ʱͻҽյΪ˵ġ˻飬붼룬ǲͬģ
˵ү뿪ˣºһſʧšԺͻףԼҲ˸ͣԼ˲Լߣǻʲô˼أ
Ӧ˵СίʫΪСҴ򱧲ƽ˵˽͵׹ǼٵģŽ͵óʲôö˵˵ţСҾͽӦ϶Цˣ໥Ц
ӦŽСҵԴڼҲǮˣпˣҾ͸һȥΡ
СҶЩǲ⣬ֻӦϺȻǮǧƱôӣһõĸоù죬Һܲʱ
Ҳ˵ԼĹǷôǶһզ࣬ʲô˲ȵôƣװͰ͵ģҲ֪ǲƱ
ԼӦҲûеʲôˣӦҲҪԼ뵽СֻܷϹͷֱѰա
ӻΪӦϲԸһƶеգѾôǮˣȴܰԼһְ㣬ԼԼһʮҷϡ
뵽ӾȥɽҺ˵ٺĶĻʮ˳ӵģҲֻҵõԼΪ˵ϡ
ֻɽһλţﺣĿõǷĵĻͻԼ
ȻûһͼĴʮسڽӵǰ
ĺӦϲͬӦֻԼ䳰ȷģľͻԼ꺮ůýӱůġ
˵һԼٵ׹Сң˵
ӵͷӦɣһӦϴŽլһǸӲˣķ¡


140 
̾һ֪ӼˣСĻ˵ҿǴҲǹģǱƭˣɩӦòİɣ
⻰ǻϽ֪ͣӦѾΪˣǺĵĻȻΪΪԼġ͸ӵͻӦϲõ
ҡҡͷ̾һڹˣ˵ͷֲȱǮȴƫƫͼ˼ԣͼȥҪ˵ģǰŽһǧĶԸһҲϱҵ֣˵ŮҪ
һ˵ǧ۾ŹˣôӣܵõеһɣⱲҲԺȲѽǺĴӸ˵Ҳӵˡ
լǱ߱ϾҵҲܲТ˳ԽԽãȴҵԽԽΡ̾Ϣ
Ҳ˳ŽӵĻ˵֪˽ӼͷôӣȻʲô鶼óֻҪЩõ֣ܿࣿ
ҿģɩƽﲢˣû뵽ԼˣҡĿ࿴ˡ˵̰ɣҲ͹ȥˡ
ӵôΪ̾:֮ǰҲΪ̾͹ȥˣû뵽ȴ䱾Ѿûҵһϯ֮ˣ
Ȱ˵Ȱ˵ʵȴ˵ӦϵĲãӿźĹ˳ģ:ҪһþͺˣϧϧԵ޷֣Ĳʱ򣬲һأȻһš
ıȵɩģڼһһúáңҪָָܱ㣬ڼﻹҪ˴㿴ǸոҸɻʱµġĽ⿪Լ·ĵһſӣԼϵ¶ӿ
ȿĵΪӵһ죬æתȥˣؿеĻȴһӴĿӶܣ·Ƶ˽ǰ棬Լϵ˿ڸӿ
Ҳ뿴ģһ˿˿Сʹ۾һ죬ȴϺü˰̣ЩѾˣһЩȴȥģĽӾĶǵġ
ЩģӲɤʵôص˿ںļԵôĿġ
ǸŸɵģҸɻ΢һøţıӳңµ˿ھǸղġż˶ҵ˿ѾˣɽѰģɴҾʹ˽ɣļԽӿߵ
ӿĵģҪȥο¹ڲģָо̫ã־εľڿС
һӵĶ֪ҪοԼְ档֪ԼҪϹˣ˳˵ڽӵĻ
ӱĵľٶһȴ֪Ǻáһ˿ϲģĪЩѲɺĿԼˣԼҲþûŮˣ뵽
ʱ˿̵Լֿ޵滨ĺģɵϢЩҡ
磬˵ǲͬĺȻ̧ͷʽӵľګص˵ͷֻؿ¶һƬļһӳѪɫøӵĺ졣
ȻˣΪβΪ˴˵ο壬໥أһָ˵꣬Ѿ˽ӵļ
İͲסˣĵĹ⹴Ѿûйˣ֮ѾǵԼʲôˡ
ɽҰֻΪ˳١
ֻоԼȻͱѣһƬǽĲݵغҵ·Ǽ˷ܣֺڡ˷ΪĶԼ壬ΪӦϵԵʣڶӦϺգǲʵġ
Ӱ˵ȫںĵһЦԺʧӲǵôصҵģֻ֪ԼؼҵʱӦڴſţСͽСҲպûؼңʱӲŲһ˫Ȼصҡ
ӦϿӻĻؼңɵЩرԹ˼䡣ڼһ죬һûˣʱżؼңҲ֪ȥʲôˣû˵ȥˣôżңһΪ㲻!
ӦϵĻһ仰û˵ĬĬһ˽ˡӦֻýӽ췴ȴҲûʲôԾȥլǱ߸Ǹɻȥˡ
ϴһ׼ԷҲûע⵽ԼʲôԾСҴӽһžͷЩԾͷҲġѰĸɻôҲŪԼȥ˵ġ


141 Ծ
ˣ⽪ƽԷ˵ǺܳĬĿǽ񶼲ԾĳطһֱСһֱڿûз֡
Žģȷһ㣬Ǿǽʲô£ʲôû뵽
Сҡҡͷֻӳ˼ڷ֮󣬾ԷûзΧһ㷹ּһˣһھͶӳȥˡ
СҶѾϰˣֻǽӵתƵӦϡӦϵ̣ҲǸСˣȻҲôƯӦʱ򣬿϶ҲϪ׷Ķ֮һû뵽ͼ޸˽ˣֱǰװ׹Լ껪
ʱ䣬Ӧ˲ٵίԼûӦǰģӦƣѾû˵ӦӵеĹ󣬿ýСҺۡ
ڿʲôӦϿСһֱԼǱʵ
СһЦڿƺԽԽˣԽԽƯˣӦϱС˵ò˼Լ˵ʲôˣԽԽϡԽԽ˰ɣô˵ӦԸ˲١
Ӧ⻰СȻһͷòὪ˰ɣ
Ҳǲܵ飬ʱ佪Ӿû¾ܳȥӦϺϣѾһ궼ûͬ㹻ýӳȥҸŮˡ
û֤ݣͬģҲϣӻɣΪ˺ӦϡС֪ӦȻͽֽˣֻҪ΢һͻԭġɼӦͷнӵģֻǸԶһɶ˵ˡ
ڶ콪ڼҸɻˣ˶֪ʼæСҲ⣬ҪĹƵ飬ҪѲĹ顣
Թ緹Сұ¨ӳţҪȥɽûʲôöôŪɶǴɽһ⡣
ɽʮ˷ܣæʰԼŴ磬ԼͽӾĵطš˭֪˲ǽӣǽӶǽСҵʱ򣬺͸¶һʧȻͽСҴһкװɽϢӡ
СҶԺĵķӦֽ֣ʧģ۵ףתһɽܾúŮһһֺεĸоָоҲ֪Ǵġ
ü콪ӶûгţҲŵ˺ü죬֪һκܲף֮ǰӦǷǵ飬ԺĵҲЩġ
½һ͸˹߽С԰Ҫȥ£˳ｪСҡ
ӦԼ˵ҪС֮ģСʰҲ̫һ㣬ôò绨ҸˣǽСһȥϵŮͬӦϡ½һһȥ
ڼͷӦ˹ڼ㡣ϽӣӦòʲô⡣ڽӣڼˣ̲סɽڴܹġ
˭֪ԼӲֶָжĿ˵ڽӻٴ˵ԼŰԼ飬޵滨ġԭҪƿģֻҪҺ죬ûҪɱʲô顣
˭֪һĵؿڣһ˲䣬ϴεָоӿּĿ޵滨̲꣬סıڻ
ԡ֮£һγ١
ӦϴźĽϣĶɶˣǵǸСһŮӵȻڹεˣûǮ򣬿һҲǺõġ
ӦϴŽСҵһʱȥε꣬С˺ܶΣŽСͷ˶Ůֻܸɿţۺ졣κûôӣֻɿˡ
ˣСɸ⼸Сһһ׹ԼʽԼôණñ˰װ׿ŵĻЩ԰ڵζˡ
ôʱ䣬СҲЩ黹ǱҪģԽСҲŻŸһһԶ׹͸ˡ
Ůӵõ˽С͵Ķ׹˵Ĳˣⶫ۸ɲˣǳڣûôأ
½˺ܶߣ⻹һѣЩԳٵĸҲս£ٶϿ˽Сһˣ½͸Ӳܿˡ
ʱһ˾½̯ͷԶˣٿСˣ˵һһģɽϿΣȻͼСˡ
극֮½һ˻شӦΪ˸л½ֱӴӼ˺ü͸½½ѣСҿڵ:֮ǰ˵ҪҼԷţڶûʱ䣬Ҳûʲôøģֻһˡ


142 
ʱ½ǿ¡Ӧض飬һ½ôĶʵǼʵĽһתʵ:Ǹ½ǲǾͷܰ
ϲ֪Ҫ˵ʲôҡҡͷ:ҿɲ֪½˵ǵõСҵʲô԰ѽСҵɶˣǼ˵Ĺϵĵȷȷǲġ
Ȼûеõ϶Ĵ𸴣ԼҲ֪߰˰˵ˡʱ򣬽ӴɽˣˣæӽլԼ׼õİ˱׸˽ӣ:ϱϲңұ㲻ȥǱҲʹˣԸûȥɣ
Ŷ˵ͷҪأֽӽס:ʱǸ½ҸϣɵģʲôʱԸϱ˹˶֪
⻰Ѿ˵úˣýһʾӦϺ½ϵ
һ£һֱںͺķŵŨ⵱Уʱһ仰ʵŽӵ˵ͷʾ֪飬ġ
ӻصңÿӦϸ⣬ҪˣӦʱѾõĲˣչ˺ѾûʲôˡͬҲҪؼҹ꣬Ϊ˱ʾлӦϾ͸ٵĺö
лûмô˵Ķңƽ˼ҳʲôͳʲôΪҪ̵ԵʣԵñӦ϶ҪáҸֺöǻһָģôɶ£һֱˡ
ԼͷҲкӵģܲΪŵǮԼӻһֱڼﰤܿɣ
˹ǮʹӦϸĶؼңһתͿ˽￴ţɫƺرá̾һһʲôãǲôҲΪ˸еϧ
֮󣬽ӽ͵İ˱׷£Ӧ˵:Ӹ͹ף㿴ҪҪҲͿȥ
ӦƳһ۽ӣûص:˭ϡҵףҪҪĻǾͰ׸ͻȥɣҲϡ
һ⻰ͷŭˣƽʲôӦˣ鸡꣬Ͻղ˵ĻоԼڼԽԽûеλˡǾͶӦ:ŮϪҲ۵ˣ
Ӧһ⻰ͻص:㿴۾ͱģ˭ϡңΪϼһǮģ㶥һȵģҪĻֶǣ
һ⻰͸ʵ˽ղŸԼ˵ĻֵԽܣ˵ӦͶ˳ȥ˵˼ˣ
ܸǰɣܸ½Ķȴܸˣ˭ˣŭʵ
Ӧϱ⻰Ūˣʲôв˵ģ½ԼԼ͵ȥôˣⶫǽСԼģڽӾȻűġ
ʱСҽˣֱŽʵ:òù˵Щʲôɣ
ɫһ£Ȼ˵СҼ״˵:ʱ˵ĻҶˣ˵½ϵ
ʱɫеúѿ͵˵һ:ûСֻһʱ֮£˽Ļ½ܼȷʵ黳
Ҷˣ˵ҪѵѵСҷʵһεľء
ӦһӵĻԭ˼ýĶһ˦һҪӣ鼱֮£ץˣӦڱ
լνӺӦֳһܣǽֽͼӴ׵˵һ飬˵ӦϺ½˵ýɫԽѿˣԭԱȲΪĽڸǶӦˡ
ϿŽɫԽѿˣæҪҪ˵ˣ˵ȥ治֪ӻɳʲô
Ҫߵʱ򣬱ϺסҵĹôˣϺʵʽܲ취ԼŪҲ㲻Լ̫ӡ
ǽʲôֻ֪֪СҴڷŪһЩӹС˺ԺҲûȥŪһֳĻŽСһֵᷢģʱһȻ󲨡
Ϻʲô֪һʹӼӲ˵ӣǧƱ֮ǰ͹ƵǮӦϺúõţûмʲô֪
ӽϺǳ׵׵ƲԼˣȻôǮϱš


143 Ȣ̫̫
ΪˣԼһȨûСǽĶǮͶӦŮ˹ܼңԼһǮûǿ϶еģûϢϺŭϱܵϵĶӺ޿κΰ
ѧ֮󣬽СͽСһصöŲˣȥϪ嶼ûУӦúܻӭġ
Ӧˣû˵:ʲôôЩȥ˵ģ
СӦϺȻƢЩĪĿͶһվŵĽСңСҽȥ͸լȫ˵С
СˣĿ¶Σô಻壬ôϲլǾͰϻȥţﲻʲôæ¡
˭֪СһӾһ˫۾ſ߽һƾʹ˽Сҵϡ˲ŵؿŽӣ⽪ֳʲô磿
ӣ࣬ǲҪͷϲܲ˵ŭֽСС״
СԼҪ쭣Խ֮ǰܹίһٶش˵⽪Ӻף׵Ҳܲˡ
ӻҪСңС˷һѽס˵СӱȽС治СӲýûд򵽽Сҡ
ʱӦҲŵ:ҪҪ˵ĻͽһȫɣƴҲùģ
һӵĻûӦϺ½ͷڻŴ˼ӦϺͽСңͽ
СҪͽ̸̸߽ӵǱ߲ӦάģЩ֪ǽȴƫƫ಻塣κνӲһСݣһ·ֱȥլǱ˯
ӦϿŽӵ뿪ڱ:б¾ͱסһӰɣˣŲߵøˣһ̶ˡ
ϼ˿˼ģȥʰӡ֪ʲô֮ǽһٳʲôԲǧƱôԷĽӦϣȻ
ʱҲ˽ӼһǧӵĶѾյ˶ӣɿʼˣ֪ˣּҵʱӦñԼӦһȥҲڸһûӵϹ㡣
Ѿ˽ûнù֮ҲǴ˼䣬ǿ˭˳ۣѾǿ˽СһرǺݺݵص˽ѾһۣѾҲŵòٸ˵ˡ
һҹӾ˯ˣڶ콪Ѿ֮󣬾͸˵һҹ顣
ӲϴӦｫǧù޷ΪӶӦϻ⣬ԸӦֽܸҸ̫̫ʱӣӵȻͲӦϵˣʱʩһֶΣǮȻù
һ뽪Ѿ˵ĻҲԣû뵽ѾƽӲô⣬쵹һİ취֮󣬸ҺϺš
һ͸ϻҴ壬˭֪ʱӵ͹ţɿ֮ͷĻ˹ݣѾ㹻˷ˡ
ɸһ˼͵:һãѾǸѸˡֻżǱһֱԸˣڻżҳԿء˵Ǻܲƽ⡣
һҪŮˡͲСˣȡʮСȻ˵ûô˵ҲʣǾϱҲˡ
ɺܿͽԼñˣ˵ͲСҲǼ޹˵ģ˳ƯȽСһȷȷʵʵƽ⡣
Ͽȷʵֱ˵⣬:ѽҪҶҸ̫̫˵ǸСģҲί㣬ĳԴöȿ϶Ҫġϱ˵߿˿ţһżҾ˲ٵ
һԽҲȰ˵ֻҪͽӺˣȽ˼ľôȨǼҲŷɻڴˡ뵽ͼ˷ܡ
ȻܶģżҼܵϣܿܲͬµģЩεϸ˵:ҿһ¡ϿȻ˵Ҫһ£Ѿ˴Ƭ糺죬֪ϣǾñھȥլǱסţ֪Ĺǣȥż顣
żҵȻͬ⣬ȻѾҵţҵˣȻɣǼһͶȻ׵ط֡


144 췹
ʮӳû̸˵֮ԿôߵļۣΪѹûҪóȥȻɵԸʮһֵıȻҲͬġ
һʮ϶Ը⣬ǽӼǧӵˣҲ᲻ôһֵĶϱȥģöʮҪд˸ҪšҲˣҡڵؽؼҡ
ȥ֮ϾͿʼ˷ҪôñţֱȥĻӦǾƲӦġǳûİ취
췹ͺˣʱѾ˴ˣӦϲϲɣ˾ͽӦϸˣһԵĽ˵Ӧ֮ĹϵѾˮݵĵزˣԶԴҲ顣
һԵıɫ糺죬ȻѾˣǵֻһˣദԺûˡ֪ԼҪ޸һˣȻЩߡϵ:黹Ҫ࿼һ²źãһûء
һ֪Լúߣֱ˵:İСģȥ֮󣬾ܳĺģһǱǮˣǰʱ仹һǧӵĶأ
û˵ʱùϽܸӣ˵Ǽе飬Թլס졣
ӿһ۱񣬺һͷǴкͲٿˣֻкԼֽ˵ӦϺͽСҡŽӣ˵ͲСˣǿͦģʱһòȻʹˣҲͬų
ôҸϪӦҲ˵ģ֮󣬿ɾ̫̫ˡĵʵ
ʱʵʵڵĶˣԭΪӻһСͷڿĵȷȷ⣬Ǻ˵ͷʾͬˡ
Ϻͽõ˱Ĵ𰸣һЦȻˣƻʵʩڽɡ
ϣûлؼң˶ҪΪٵšűȥúõױһСŮ˵ɢˣûж˻ֿסջ
˸ɣŽӺȾƣӱͷͲܣͽͷƷйںȾ棬ɴ
ϺҪɿŵ㽪ӣҪȶˣӦǱ߲ýҲ˵
ˣֱ˵û£Ӧ϶Ѿ˵ˣȥˣھͻȥ϶ᱻӦΪǷ˵ģضӲ
ӺȾƵļƱɿһɲźһѾ¶ˡһ򣬽ӱѾࡣ
ۿҪˣѾòʡµĽӣȻһԥˡ⻹ûκεԼԼ˼ҵĴ˻Ѿ޶Ҫǰ붼ģȴҪЭȥô¼顣
ԥı񣬼æȰ˵:İɣ˵лģ˭ûи檰˵ˣֲǸ˼ҵλӣʲôԲס˼ҵģ
Ļ˵˱˼ٴζҡˣ˵ǱߺǮԺȥǳĺˣҲǰЩˡ뵽ǣٴεͷͬˡ
ʮָˣȻ󽫱ͽһһȺ˶ͷ
ڴϵĽӣоڵ鷢̫ˣһжԼƿذ
ӺȻһֻ֣񱻽һȻѾһͷ˳Ƽȥˡ
Ժžе֣ϵеİ־þǺģ˺ģû˻Լ


145 м
һߣű˼һ¡һߣӦǰЩ谵Դᡣ
ǵôǰ뽪ӻˣǰӹƶ֮ʱ뽪ӷӹʮûнլȺĻͽֺߵһ
ϵһԺ뽪ӳգôֻʱĽӻŵһõĽںÿܽʱܼţ뽪Ӻ롣
С⣬Ӧϵ΢΢̾һγ֪׶˵壬ȻȴǸˣ಻״ûš
˰ˣͳӦ϶Žӵ壬ǱȥѽӽӻɣպԼһ!
ŽСұŽ˷ӦͻȻŵᣬһȻǽСң졣
С?ôˣôϢأӦǿסеı⣬ֻ۾ǺĿŽСʵ
СҲӦ϶ȦӣֱӦϵ۾żɽľͶӦ˵Լ뷨
ɣ
Ӧû뵽Сһ˵һĸоȵĿžվڲԶĽСңĵ:СӣȻС˼ȴǼϸģųԽ͵˼
Сҡ㲻Ҫں˼ˣֻǡӦûֱӽСҵ۾Ʈط򷢽Сȥ˯
СûӦ˵꣬ǰıסӦϣͷӦϵļͷСĶӦ˵ףȥѵӻɣԺǰȵĹӿɺ!
Сҵȴżᶨ˵ÿһ仰ÿһֶûӦϵͷСӣǻҪ죬Ȼһ۾Ϳ롣
Ӧû˵СȴܸоӦ΢΢ԼԵڿްɣ
СֽıӦһ£ľѼ΢΢˲䣬СèһģӦ˵;СˣվͰѵӻؼҰɣȻּˣԺǾȥլˣһֻðȵĹӿɺ?
ӦϱСҴ˼̲סӿ˳ſǻ˵ãȥӻ
ӦϽĻرŽСңҲǿԼеܣ˳ʵӦǸǿˣȻҲЩãǴ˿ȴڽСǰ޵ģ֪ѹ˶!
֪һ˰˶޾ĺҹһݱڶٸҹĿСұӦϣаģԺһҪףͽ֮ԹҲһҹɢɡ
ڶգͷʹѵĴ˯һҹýӴ˿ܵҪ΢΢һ£һ
һĵഫ΢΢һ˿˿޵ζ
ӺðŷӦЩ㶵ĵͷһԼŮˡ
㡭˭!ܵ˾ţŵ˴Ͱ͵ʱ
ҲķӦһȴһߵĵͷȴʧĵ˵ūұ๫ôķӦǲǵյĶū˵û?˵ˣŮҲ˰ӵġ
ǽӶǱǶλҹҹʲôŬҹȴԽͷԽ۵Ĵ
๫ˣҹ˵˵ҪūҵӣȢūҽŵģĪںūҰɣ˵⻰ʱģһòӡ
ӿűͷЩΣȴҲģģһҹķ!
ô!˭!ôҵĴ!ӾȵָűʵһֱΪһвһΣȴû뵽ȻΣԼ֮˾ȻǺġ
΢̾һԭΪֻҪ췹Ӿһȴû뵽ȻķӦµ·ˣֻܺͽӰһˡ
๫˵ʲôҹ㴳ūҵĹ뷿ūô㶼㡭˵žȻؿ
Ŵһܣŷһ뷿ӣѵҹԼ˼ҹӲϹˡ
üӦʹһӻԼδȴѽѾˣôѽ˵ţһȺ˵ĽŲԽԽˡ
ӻӦͷžͱ˴ƿˣͻȻýӾʮִĿ΢΢۾ſȥȴһȺˣվſڣһȵĿˡ


146 
һʹѾ߾еӻһƵĵڵϣñסӣ״Ӽæ˵һ·סӣϽţɢˣ˭Ҳ˵ȥ
ǵͷһֱӽǴδµСѾߣļĳ棬οӵʱһƵģʵŵòᡣ
οҵ֪ԼײǶҵĳ£⴫Ҫй¶ȥˣֻǶҪͻ˷˵ڽҲжãǱʱδ֪˶١
Ⱥ˳µӣȥˣϾҲûϵӻĳ˵ӵģȥˣҪǴȥȻܴﵽĿģȴҲ»Լ
΢΢̾˿ֻһԼѾߣѾͷԼߡԺСԣһݵ˼һô졣
ǰ벽ڽ󣬸ü䣬˵˲صģЩ˴δ£´˿ҲŻˣǷʵڵģˣͽȥỵ!
˵΢΢һҲǣʵڲģҲǶˣŪȥҲͰˡ
ҵ!ֱۣο˵ҲǫЦţõӵͣҲͱסԼ
˵Żʱ̣ɴ󲽵ĴԺ˽һԺӾͼں˵ʲôЩ⣬ǰʵ:ôأû𣿡
ЩɻΪʲô⣬ղˣȫȨҲû˵ҪôͻȻأ
˽ǣĶߣ˵ˣٳʲô⣬ԱѰ!
һ£ѾߣȻ㶮˼˵¶ΪǺˣ룬һ˽ȥβ˵ʮΪѡ
ڣȽΣպ£ɻ֤ףôһ½ӣǸľԴ·ˡ
һ飬ֶΪأţֲѾͷǻ⡣
ţбۿһۣˡܵ˽ͶĿ⣬ԭЩϰ£ΪԼŽɣǴģԼѾõ˽
ЦЦһܵģЦŶ˵ⲻڵ߰ɣӺͱѾ췹ˣֻҪȥͿ!
ϹżƵóѵЦݣҲ¶յЦ⣬һЦƿ˷š
ڱͽѾˣױ̨ǰ޵滨꣬ҼģǰһƲĵӣһһĺȲ衣
һţһʹѵӣ캰صܽȥű˵;񰡣֪£ҾͲ!ŶĿڣ֪˻Ϊ۱ء
ҲʮϵĿ޵øˣһһ͵ģϵļĬﻹΪһԹϵõıס
üһֱû˵ĵ»ûн˿һʮķҡ
磬˵ѽ!ǴɼҵıףֻǼ͵ģ˿̳£ô찡ָ־ϿһǳӣʵѾֿ˻
ҪӦ»ʲô취ӺͱѾ˹ϵҲýܣֻȽԼ̯ˡ
ҲͼӴ׵Ŀ޺;ӣɥĲ!ôܶӣ!øһ!˵Żץסӵ죬һͨҡΡ
ԭǰվ˾ƣ˿̾ƾûȻ۵һɵϡ
һ˲䣬˰˶ûԤϵķչû뵽ӾȻһһŬЦ
ɸǲˣ˵ղŶװİɣ˿Ĵ˼ˡָŽӺӣȻ£Ҿ͹ü!ȻƾҪ뿪
ļˣϹãӦϴС£ǻᱻ˴ǵ!
!һ£Һͱ֮ºһ˲Ҫ˺!סɵȥ·һֺõĶ˵
ɱҲûҪȥڱ̬Ҳټ뿪ˣǳĽӣʵ˵˵θһ


147 ŭ
ҧҧ˿ûע⵽һĨ޵΢Ц˿̵ӶڿҪν¡
ҡԺÿ¶Ը!ֻҪǲִ!˱Ѿܿˣôô׵ľͷŹᡣ
ΪԼѾܷˣȴ룬ǵĿԶˡ
!ӣҼұ񵱳ʲô!ȻȻɥҲԭ!
üȴȣҲԸҲԼΪʲôͱͳͬһŴϣһ
˵Ҫ!ӿʵ
ɵ»һֱڵȽ仰أҲǲ˵ˣϾһˣҲִˣԴҶãȻ!
˵Ŷ˶٣۾ӣҲرܣ΢΢˵ͷʾ˵ȥ
ɣ˵ҼұѾ޹ˣɷ磬żҴ˿ҲԸˣԭΪ˸ѰһңȻѾˣ硭һ޿κε˵
˵꣬ӾͲµ˵ʲôеĴ˵!Ӧϲ檵!
ɺͱԭѾкתɫ˲һԣٴչһ޶ϵϷ룬ָŽӵı˵
ӣ˼Ŵһˣ˺ƤҺҼұ𣿱䲻ǻƻŮˣҲǷ̴棬㻹䲻𡭡
Ǳƿڴֻ߽ͷˣǱߺĵ»ûнأֱĳһӦĻӦ檣ǿԣͺĻõô
˽ӵԥ֪ʵηǸ֪Ӧϲôɿ檣˭һûи檣ֻҪӼһ㣬ʵӦҲΪ
磬ʵɩɩú˵˵Ҳȫ޿֮£ɩɩẕ̇һ㣬ȴҲڱ뺷ˣҲͷֲĵĹҪ㡭Ļû˵꣬˼ѾԲн˱
̧ͷ˿޵ĵıôһӱ񣬼ǿȴҲȴǱһ飬ģǸζ硭
˽ЩĶˣ΢΢һЦּԽ˵̾˿˵!˰ɣҲ֪Щηɩɩɴɣϧ
ӱôһ˵ĸܵˣ˵Լڣ˵Ǹ檰!ĻõõӦʣһȥ͸˵վ˰ѱ̧ȥ!
⻰Ҳ˲ϿˣŽʵ๫⻰ɵ!
ӵͷĻͷһţܲ˵ľ˵ڣҪһ
Ȼ棬ţͻȥͬ˵!˵žĴǵ̤˳ȥ
½ɵϲǵĿֽһ

ûѶ󾢾ͻص˼ſڣ˵ˣǵĵ˼ſڣ֪ӦϿڣǼҲ˾һ!
Щ̾˿̧ͷһԶ죬ɵһƬҪˣôҪؼңӦ̹ףܸɺͱһѽ
սӻǽ˼ţһݾв˵ӵķ㣬Ӧڳæµš
ӦΪĽСһˣͷҲûصľ˵Сңϴ֣˷Ǿȥլӻɣ
ӿӦæµӰЩ㱣ʱҲǳʲôʱǱء
ûеȵӦӦЩɻĻͷȴ־Ȼǽӻˣ֪վ˶ãһֱ㶵ĿıӰ
ôҲվҺһ!ӦϱϻǸĮӣʵ͵͵Цҵġ
Ӳ֪Լοڣһ̣ͻȻЩ˵ˣڿǣȻ͸һǮˡ
ڴ˿⴫½Ӧ˵Ļұˣһȥ˹!
ӦϸŴӦһӣǰŽ˵ЩһӶӦϵıӰ˵һ䡣
Ҫ!
ӦϵӰҡһ£ЩŵͷŽո˵ʲô?Ī˰!
ʿˮˣ˵ȥĻͬóȥˮѾղˣţֱ壬Ӧϣظһ䡣
˵Ҫ!


148 ϣʹԹ
Ӧסˣ뵽ôһգĻ˵һ֪ʧȥ飬ŲҲһˣȴ뽪ӻⷬ˼
Ӧһûзʮ侲ĿŽӣһһʣǺʱ˼ҪɵļҵĹ?
Щ⣬ԭΪӦϵӣһȴ룬Ȼ侲ǽȴûԼеǰϲõӦϵⷬӦԺ󣬷ӷˣû˵
ɼҵӣ!ǶһӦӦϡ
Ӧ΢΢ôüеӡģǰûгǰһȺżȻһ컨ʲôģֻǼ!
?Ǹ?ѾΪ?ӦٹЩ˼ҵļҳ̣Ȼǲ֪Ǹɷ˵Ϣ
ʵѾЩڸӦ˵ԼҪ檵ˣֻˣһӦ:ɷھڴլЩ㶼زģգȥլѱ̧ɣ˵Żںİ˰֡
ӦǳˣԼ뽪ôķޣŮΪҲٳô꣬ȴһ䣬Ҫ檡
ӦϻǿţûԼ޳Լ侲ʽӡʲôʱ?
ʲô?Ӳ⣬ûӦصıݡ
˵ͱǺʱ!һҪΪ𣿡ӦϿŽӵ۾һ̵ֻСޣŲܿܵӷʡ
Ҳ֪ĻţٺӦ϶Ĳں΢΢룬̹ϵĸӦϡ˯ˣԣǷȢ!
ӵĻһӦϵըһըͷۻ뵽룬Ҳֻ֪Ҫ˾ûв͵ȵģȻڸ˵ʱ򣬻൱ںݺݵĸһ⡣
ҹ!ӦҲ̲סˣһԵɨȥһ˹ȥȴֱߦϡ
!ԼǮ˼ң˭ûһ檵ģҲֻҪһ檶ѣң!ӱӦϴˣ˵ҪӦϵĻ
£Ӧϸĺˣ˵òмµ˼ңļҲ檣ˣΪ˭Ҳűøԣġ
!ҹ㲻ҪҪݱ!!ӦһץʲôͳŽȥҵĽֱл
ӱӦϴˣĴ˳վ⣬Ӧϣһɥ֮Ȯһķš!ΪҪҳˡ
˭֪ӻû˵ֱ꣬ӳһƿ˶ͷûѪȴϾһ۵ýӲ޳
ڻӦ˺ѷεԽӺҹ!
ٲȥӦϣŶͷŸͷɽȥͷҲһأ󻹲ʱӦˤ
Ӧڷڿ޵˺ѷΣֻţɽܣ˶ûע⵽վݺ󣬲֪˶õĽСңɽܵĽӡ
ȽԶˣӦϻڷп޵úòģС̾˿֪ŮΪ٣ǸʱӵŮӣȴҪΪһᡣ
ϱӣСһûʱյʱ򣬾ۼ֤ǸΪһŮˣ裬ֶֻκεƫƫӦʱ檣ӵұġ
Ӧ˵ͻݴ󷽣ΪޡСţֱӦϵĿʹġ
СͻȻһ仰ϣʹԹȻʲôĶǻᱻʱĥģʱİⶼǻɢģֱ룬ĥ֪ʹ
ôİ飬Ѱ޵¡
ʫӦʺϲİ!ӦϻţС˼һ̧ͷŽʧĵطĥ͸ɫǽ˷䡣
ӦΪǽֻˣͷҲû̧Ҳûһۣͽϵĵ̨ŽС˹ȥȻϨˣȴǹ̵ģڽСҵֱϣ۵̲סһ
ǽСҵӦ̧ͷ֪ԭ˲ǽǸɱǧİǡ
⽪СҿӦϵļϵıŮӦһС֣һʹӣֹ˿ǣŽСҵ֣еѯʡ
ǹ̵ģȴĹѾ࣬ûаѽС˵úأֻǺһƬѣȴҲӦ۵òУСҵ˼ȴڴˣӦ̧ͷ˲䣬СҲſ壬ӦϾȻ۾ˡ


149 
ӦϽĿŽСңеСң۲!ײǹģ׻ΪǡӦϻҵĸСҵǸСȴѹûС˷ϣûӦ˵꣬ͳ
ף!СҵȴպӦϰÿֶӦһʱסˣ֪ʲôķӦ
СҿӦϵķӦĵ̲ס̾̾Ҳ֪˵ӦųǸ˵ᣬÿһᵽ룬ɫ
ףڹÿȻѾ檵˼ϧв㣬㻹̵ȥ𣿡СʵڲӦϼӣӦ˽СҵĻȴֻǵͷ̬
֪һͷˣӷǵͣ䱾ʲô취ͽӺˣ⣬Ӹô!
Ӧʼղ˵Сұµ룬סӦϵ֣ƽ͵ĶӦ˵ףģ뿪ǵҲúܺõ!ǿԿƺάҲõǣѾˣԼԼ!
Ӧ˽СҵĻ룬һ˿ҡǻ²ǸģûиСһȷĻش
СҵȵļٿӦǸģ֪ûáС֪ҲܹӦϣطһŮ˺Լɷˣźüӣ˵ģ뵹Ҳ
Ӧϵͷ˵СҸɴҲٱһţԼѾ̣Ĳӵļңʰøɾ䣬ָӦ˳ʳ˰ĳ˶Ӧʼû˵
СûмӦҪһ𰸣ҲװʲôûзһԼ£ʰԺ󣬽СһСͽСûӦ˵
ףҲ㣬Լúÿһ°ɣССûлȥѰѰ!˵תߣڽСҼ뿪˲䣬Ӧס
С!룬ҡٸһ!ӦϵΡ
СֺΣŮ˰˰ɣһģȴƫƫҪ˼ôࡣ
ףоǶģֻҪԼڱ!ֻ㣬˵ǻԶ!Сûлͷ˵껰뿪˷䣬ΨӦϺһӵĹ¼š
ӦϿŽС뿪ıӰС˵Ҳ޵αô˵뷨أֻǺ£û˽ףӵ۸

ҪǽС֪Ӧ뷨һЦǰģ棬ưԾͺܺˣ˸۸
ʵǣСҲ֪Ӧϵ뷨˿ֻ뽪СͽСȥ?
΢룬СѾӾӦׯܣſڣȻ˽СͽС;˾үһԷЦһ˺ڵġ
СĵССǰԺ󣬱ҲӦׯ˾ۼ⣬һ۾Ϳ˴ĽСңкСԷ!˵žǰһꡣ
СҲѣ˳˹ȥȴʼûÿӳԶ뷨СͽССҵɫǲãΪΪԼӦׯҾ˾үԷȴûнСңˡŵʿˮ
үϾǾ˵ˣСҵɫʼղã㿪ʵСҰôССԷȴûнѽ
ˣүҲСС뵽һȥˣΪССЩεķһۣôСΪС!
Сԥһ£Ǿڰѽڼҷȫ˾˾˺үСС󶼾ˣû뵽һʱ䣬Ȼô飬Ҳû뵽ӾȻ¡
ӦҼֵ£һĲᣬû뵽ӻ£ϸֱӱˣϱæУͣ˵ſοϵĻ
ӦϴʵԼӱ۸վ߷ߵ˵ĻʲôߣϱҲ׷ױƽ
СңССͻȻ;ůģʱмվһߣжôˡ
СֱվӦҵľ˾˾ĸ˵Сллλ˾ˣĸ!˵ŻһСС״ҲѧСҵӣӦһ
ӦοĽӣ˵ȴϲҲ֪ΪʲôǲֽǸϲĻģˣԼҵĺӣҲӦš
Ӧҵļֵܣֶ㶮£֪жԼҵӣȴҲʧɫӶǱǴˣȴ㲻֪㡣
׵ʱ򣬼ûһ˿ԼԸŽףȻ޲£ǿԼӡ


150 檲͵
Ӧүӽӽ֮һȺӦҵĳַοӣǷģһǣֻһһٶ۸ǣʵڿɶοɾԲܷŹ
СǼ﹫ϵСްղŲ֪ʲôʱûûεĳԳԺȺȣǵ֪˵ȻҪ檣˵ҪݵԺ󣬾׸еֵ
ټӦҸڽûиܵůȻ޵øƵġ
СЩεİοϾֻǸӣ޳ҲСҲûãȦҲǺģһίӡΨСңѰ侲򶨡
ӦҵϱǺͺæŰο⼸ӣӦϱĵӦɽнţ˵˸Ҫһ½ӡȻӦɸ˵ʲô
Ӧɵɴ۾û뵽ӾȻˣԭӦϱĵӦ˵ǣӺͺ˽ͨ£Ӧû뵽Լ÷򣬾Ȼ
ɵҲҡҡͷʵҲģ˵պϽ۸һ֮±˵ˣȰ˱⣬Ĳ!
´Ҳ͹ˣ˭֪⽪ǳӦϣе˹ģЦģ˵ˣӦɵҲûֻЦЦȥˡ
ǽûֳ£⽪ӵƷټ⺣ĵʱ˵бۣӦɵԽԽôһ£ԸӦɣӦȥץ顣
ӦҲԼ˼ȥӻȥˣͼＸֵţץˣʱͨǱߴһ¾ˣԼӱһ׼ж
Ӧ˶еӣ˵ɾ͸ɣһȺ˴̽ϢĴ̽ϢŵĴš
Ҳ֪ǲǽӳûȻӦֵܴɽиСлǰܹСҵĺô˵Ҫҽӣָһɽ·˵
ոտǸģҲû֦չɽȥˣһȺһǸɣղײգǸɴͽӣΪԼӳ
һֵ߽ɽһŸͷڿһﻹ˵ʲô!ӳҪ㣬䷽õ֣ʱ㻹ô
ͶĿŵʱȴûע⵽󣬺ŵĿ󣬴ӱס
ȴ㱻ӵĸͷһˣһ㺣Ҳӵˡ
һĵļȷӦʱѾˣҺúĶ˹ȥȻ͡
ŵýһ飬æĸͷȥʺģûˡò˵ĵĵб֮Ӹ˲ֹһǰ㣬ϾͷӦˣӼеѯȻӱȥ
ӶܳԺһףȴĪľЩ꣬Ҳ֪ԼڷЩʲôȴƿ˺ģ˵û¾ͺãΣգûµĻȥɣ˵!
Щ㶣û뵽ӻôĮҪһѳֲסġ
ٿɫʮֲãոЩӦǺǸĸϻ˰ɣ֪ˣĻǹʡɣôôն˼䵭?˵Żָ⣬ڽӵؿڻ˻ò顣
룬Ժ˱Ϊ檣ĳ綼Ҫ֪ģھ͸ҧҧ˵Ҫ!
ֵķˣôҪأǸĸϻôͬأУòײŹֵˣˣԼһþֶΰȻӿɾѹˣԼ뱲ӵӻָŽ!
ţĹһӣŽϵȥﻹŽĵ˵ɣ˼Һѽոձĸͷ˵ء룬ȲˣֻҪ벻ԼӣԼлġ
ϵóβ˵ˣŮҲᱻֵģοǽû־ˡ
Ůǹ޵ӵıӣĻڳһ㣬ýӴǸǶȸպܿƬô⡣
ʿˮҧŴ˵ɡ˼ۣܸ˼Ҵ𣿡ĵİʾѾԲһѪյˣǾòϾ˵˹һԵĲݵ
ɽУ鵽һȺ˺ƺƵɽ׽鶼ûע⵽æԡ
׻˵:޲檣檲͵⺣ı͵ζˣֻᣬԴ


151 ׽
һ󣬺ڽӵĻŴʵɣղ˵ġҪ֮£ҿЦ
߲ŻĽӣúһ䣬ҲɢĻǻȻĻǻ⡣
ҧҧ˵ģ˵ұû檵ĴģʹҪҲ!ϡ˺ģҪ̯ƣǻߣֲ֪ôˡ
˵ûѻ˵Ҳ˽ӵ˼˵֮ȻǶϱ檡
Ǹĸϻأͬ𣿡ĽŽӣӦǰô򷢣ͽ˽ҵš
һ½ӱ¶ɫӲͷƤ˵ΪҺͱѾ˷֮ʵ!
ӵԽ˵ԽСȴÿֶȥˣҲ˽ӵ˼Ҳ뽪з֮ʵôֵõ·ɱҰɵԼˡ
Խ뺣ԽﲻζԼ˶˼˽ӣͷֻǸ˼ѣθģ±㳳ýӸһ
ĵķӦ㼤ңӸϽļ磬οģҷģҽȢȥҲǱεģٵȵȣҰӦĹƺطõԺ󣬱ɲˣұҲӻȥ!
˵ùϣﶼż㣬Ŀõδһŵ
ȴЩǵĴӽӵĻ̧ͷŽӣĽǶȿȥ ֻÿӵ򢣬Ӵ˿ķ
ȢȥˣǸĸϻͬ𣿡ĵŨŨĵǡ
ЩģͻȻս˺ĵļͷ۵úĶһ ֻý˵ʲô!ҵطڼ˵ĵط𣿷Ϊ޸٣ҵʱ!
ܽӵļıǷУ˿ƻ˽ӺͺһΣҲճյڽӵĻЦĿΪĸһ졣
˳Լ˿ûע⵽ܵѾΧһȺףвӦˣСҶӦվȺ
±Ӧǲ֪ģֻǡɼĲûˣӦϳˣȴһȺ˺ɽں̬ҲҲȺɽȴû뵽һĻ
Ȼ뺣ȴƫеȫǵĶҶĽӣһˣӵĻȻҲӦϵĶ
ûע⵽һֱӦϵĽСңȴǸоӦϵڲվһϿ
ӻͺЦÿ֮ʱӦҲ̲סˣٻͷԼǸҪӣ͸ˣԼ飬ȴɻҵĿ
Ů!Ӧ̲ˣӾͳŽӺͺĵķȥܿҪ˽Եϣ뽪ӲԶ
ŵýӺͺҪܣҲԼ²壬̻¶ľ
ȴ֪ܲʱѾΧһȺˣԼѹ޴أԶӦҡҡ׹ȴʼնŽӺͺĿ۵׾⡣
СҵˣֱһļˣóӦĶˣҲӦԭԼˣҲ֪ˣӦ޿ܡ
ӦϺͽӾȺ˰ΣӦûп˵һ仰ֱӦҼֵҲ޷ԼһȺȥѽӴ򵹣Ž˸ոǳĶӡ
ۼӱڵأµòУŴҶûע⵽ʱ͵͵ܣȴʧˡ
ӦɵϱǸݽɫƽֺԼҵСļã˿̿ԼСӵ͵ˣ˻֪ܵҪԼСӣڻܣ
һȺӦҵϱȥקסĵͷ򣬱ߴ򻹲
ϱһӦҵᣬּݣҲʮʺġǹѸˣ!㲻Ҫ¶ĳӣҽղ!
˵ŴϱȻָףȥۺĵѺĵӵһһĺɫѪ òˡ
˿̵ĺǻиղڽӻģ޺ģ˵ԼҲˣϱץסһٺô
ϱǸȽϳȵģһԼҴɩ򷨣ϽҪȥǵó ʱǼҾͲýˡ
ɩɩٴˣϲͲˣȥϣҲӲ!ϱĻϱס֡
һȺֻӦϳȴûһһֱһеӦϣȻһѪ˳


152 
Ӧϱһֱ־һУȴԽԽʮֱȻһûѪٱǰԹ޵ĿⶢŽӡ
֪䵽زһ뽪ӣѣίͷɢƣӦϡ
СҿŵµӦϣĻšף!!Ӧϻ˿ûзӦı۾
һȺСҵĿ޺ȥʱֻӦѾڵϣһǻһĨѪ
˶һӦιȥˣæҲһԶҽ֮ˣǰ鿴˵ǼģûΣ!󣬲ŷ
Ӧϵļ磬⻰ٿڵûһ˿ӦϣӺὪӣѽӴһϢ
ӵڵϣǱ׵ĿŵڲԶӦϣ벻Ӧ˶ˣȫӵ˶ˣҪ군ˡ
ۿӦεˣ֪Ӧ˶ŹţɴҲװӹȥˡȻһۣſſſڵϣһıˡ
ȴһۿƣݺݵĴһƣһȥľ۵þ۾໽лϴ˵ҴˣҲˣԺ󶼲ҽˣҰ!
ϻǲô׾꾫ק˺ģúò
ҲȰӦϾȻѪأòᣬԭ˿Ҳ޲ð˺ĺͽǸĺƤ
ϴòˣϱ˵Ҫ͹٣ԭΪǴ͹ˣܵƤ֮࣬ȴӦԭǣҪץ˶ȥ٣»񣬾˹ȥ
ӦǱߣɽСҵκӦ϶޷ӦӼȹϵϡ
Ȼո˵ӦϲΣգӦһֱ˵ģСɴֱӱӦϣɽ
ûɽˣɽϵ׷׳ʲôÿ˺ĺͽǱӣոշʲô
һȺΧŽӺͺָָ㣬ʲôĻ˵ҿĴ˿̻˹ȥȻһֱȥ˴лҪĺͽӵĺϷˡ
ֵزֵ÷з˾֪ˣټ֮ǰӦҵĴ㣬˵£Ȼͳȥ鿴
Ȼ˵˽ҵĺôڰӣԭӦһʣʱټװ֪ϾͽӶǽׯˣȻǰҪԼһ㣬ȴû뵽ӾȻ飬´ȥׯԺ̧ͷˣﶼﲻ˽ӣ˵Ӧҵĺô
ҪţȴϱסˣϱС˵ҪӦˣʲôѧˣʲôᣬӦϿ϶ὫӶߣӦϽƵķķ˵ȻǧӦ뿪ѽ
֪ӦطֵǮΪӣӦϣôׯǿˣűԼϱ˵ͷųš
ϵʱӦѾӴɽȥˣֻʣǱĽӺͺģǱˮѵģȣӾͺ˺ܶ࣬˶侲࣬ȴҲҡ֪ǻˣԼӦһˣӦץˣȻ׷ŹԼ
˿ŽӺͺģ׷˵ֺ֮£æϹѾҲһһʱ䣬ȫ˶ۼɽϣӦһ
ϲûпأܿۼⷢϣϹһΧ۵˶׷׸óһ·
һʼԶֶϻòǺУ˿߽˿˹ڵϣһǱĽӣͣһŵӡ
ϿŽǰܵӣɸֵļ·Եһ֦žһʹ˽ϣһġ
ǽƤĺӣҲ۵ó˳۽ǣٿѾһѪۣ֦ϳẉ̂дڽӵ
ӣŭˣĿ֮£ֻš
ϴſǻʽӣǲģֻͷû˵ֻĿһһۣ֦û˵ֺݺݵĳ˽һ¡
۵ôȴûнкϴһΡ㵱һ!
ûڣȴ˵ͷ
һѾѰһľ㲻̲͹ȥȴڹϣҵӣȫ˸ץסˣԺô̧ͷѽ!


153 
ţϾȻеĴ󶼹ᵽ˺ϣתͷһߵĺģȥʹɧʮ̶֮й֮޲
һԿţ˵ôһˣȴû뵽ǺݶҲûһȥϣһһԿϷÿģ˹˵Ϻġңׯ紾ӣ޵ľ֣˼ͨŮˡ
ָָĿŽӺͺģģϺԼҶӱ裬Ҳȥˣվ˵Ǯ˼ɸ檣Ҳ㲻ʲô°ɣԴŪˡ
ȴӦЦһ˵լﻹû檣ûʲô!Ůˣͨ飬Ҫȥٸ!
˵Ҫʮ𾪣ϺϵɫҲʮѿ
ǱɽֵòɿӦϱСͽҽԺ󣬷ҩϢһŻ˹תѵļ
С˼ϸ壬ӦϵĽë΢΢˶֪ӦӦǻָʶСĻӦϡף!?
˽СҵĻϽǰ鿴һۣϲĶż˵ĵһᣬ׾Ҫѹ!⻰ǸСҳһŶ裬֪ӦûˣǿŵǷ
Ӧ׽ˣСں̫٣ǰ٣Ҳ٣Ӧܵ˺ҪȫȥӦϣһ뿪Сӡ
ָ˵ӦҪ̫ˣһ̼ܵ˵Щ뿪ˡ
Сҿžڴϵϣ΢΢ü̫⣬ڻᱻ˳ڸв֪ѾõϱȴҪͱŮ˲岻
˵Ҫ檣žŮ˽ͨСʵڲӦǿĵ!
ǾͲҪˣǱ߻о˾˺үǣ͡Сҿ˵ΪӦϺãȴû뵽ӦϾȻʱ˹Ļ!
Ҫʲô!ҶѾˣβ!Ӧ˵žӼ״æȥӦϡ
Сҵͷ˵ףΪˡ
Ϊʲô?ΪҺ!СңײǺӣûôҺ֮£Լܴ!
ոնѪ赹!СҵˮֻճСȭͷţһίӡ
Ӧ̾һ֪СҺͼΪԼã˵ǰԽӱһ˿ϣĻھǳˡ
ԼУ˵ѾһʲôˣǷģǲǵ۸ˣҪ!
Ӧ룬ȻԼѡ˺ףôҲֽɣû˲ᣬȻֻʣ˶Ա˴˵ĥǾͽһаɣ
ֻڽ֮ǰЩӿǷģҪ!
СҿӦϵľģ֪ԼסģţӦȥһа!
ãףһȥ!!С̧ͷӦ϶˵

ȻѾ˾һҲûмĥ䣬ܿʹһУӦԼҪһӦϺͼӡ
СҷӦϾҪϳȥţȴͻȻһӰ˵ӦϽ£קӦϲߡ
ϸһŷ֣ȻϺͽϺ!ԭѾȥˣϺ֪ӦҲȥŵĻͨϴˡ
żշתҵӦҽݣϣӦϳǰסӦϡϱӦϵĴȣĿҪֹӦȥš
ӦҲʮΪѣҪ޹СʼۿźϣûҪǰ˼ǷԼ׵ġ
һ߿ޣһ˵㲻ȥѽ!ˣһȥˣԺôڴ̧ͷѽԺҲΪͺˣҲҪطˣȥѽȥá
Ͽ޵ûģԼǶ֮飬֮ȴ֪⻰ӦＫζ
Ǽҵϱô궼ûбǺúöԴΪԼҲͰˣǾԼļӣǽҵӣҲӲúöԴ
ȴûϵĹֻΪҪ˽ӵδΪʲôǰûںĸأ
ǰҶһ㣬鷢չز!
ӦϺһһ˿ĶԵϵ˵ǾҪһĻͼ!ȥ!˵ĲҵķΪ˸չ˹ӣΪ˷򣬲ܰԼӣΪӣԼĸĸΪ!
˵˴Ӧ϶˶٣һž˵ɴ۵ϼ˵һ񸸣ӲӵˣѲҵ޵Ǹ!
˵겻ϣͷҲûصľ!


154 
ۼӦϾҪżϳ뿪ˣϻһԵĵϴ㶵ĿӦ뿪ıӰ⻹Ǹǰ˳ܵӦ
ӦϵľҲ˽С⼸ӣСһǵһμôĵӦϣҲǴǰǸˣӦϲһΪĸ׵ľ
ǱӦϺͼӾҪϳϺһ뵽ֻҪӦϳ˹ϣⲻ˽ӾҪѡ
ӵǴҪǵʱ򲻽ԼҶᱻۡ
ŽϺҪӦϳһ߻ϣûƤû˵Ӧûĵģҽ㣬ȴֻ˶𱨣ƶʵĶɷ򲻹˸С檶ѣ㲻ġ
ҽҾȻȢϱŲѽϺĻҲӦǰסӦϵĴȣ߿ޱ˵ǲ֪ˣΪӦϲҲТء
ӦסˣڶԽӶôģǹɴǫûǸĲˣԵĽϺϡ
ǽСҲ룬ԽϺϵ游ĸûʲôøУǰݸ߲ȵ͵Ŀ֮ټԴĸӼˣ̸ء
˿ǻ˵Ļʵˢ˽СҶԲҪ֪ٿһ޿κȴִᷳӦϣСڿˡ
ϱ游ĸǺüԣĪˣǷϱйԭֻΪźӣһûü裡
С˵ϣֱڳÿ˵ģ²һƬ
֪⽪Ϻ϶Ǻദˣȴû뵽ȻԼҹϱҲŹ
Ϻ⧲ıСң˺˴ȸĸߣ΢΢ĵͷҲʼϴ޲磬ԼϱŹһĻǽϺҲ˻
ǽϺϾǽϺСһȫӲ˵Ϊĸ
鱾Сǲ֪ģСǴģԭڷּǰӦϻһ̥ӦʱųޣӱһЩеʱﷴӦּ
ʱ򽪼ҵϱг趨ʡϰߣϱÿնҪȥž裬ӦʮܣΪŵĽϺȴΪ˼Լӣ˿ӦϵӣҪӦͦŸǾ衣
ΣӦֻȥž裬һȴ֪ǵĽϺǲãϱ㷣ӦȥԺ˼
ʱӦȻԸ⣬κԼĹţǰӦĸ˵ԺΪ˸ԺһҪӹŵĻܵõż˵ϲ
ûйԹԵģӦϱǵĳͷΪСһᣬȴû뵽ӺϵľȻôԼһеĶϱԺȴȥȥˡ
Ӧһֱϣȴ룬ʵһжǽϺµľ֣ԭϲ֪һɽҰʿ˵ӦϺĶĺӻӰ쵽ҵơ
ҲǳôӾͻѽҸˡϺһֻ΢΢ԥһ£ӦףĿľҪӦϺﺢӵ֪Ӧ˹ֻǸӡû!
֮֮󽪼ûӦһɫӦϣںСǼҲʱҴլĺ۸ĽСҶˡȻڵĽСңҲᵽ
ˣЩỹգ𣬾ҿӦͷǿ̡ӦϵˮŽӺӦϣҲǻ˵ʲô
Ϻɫ΢΢˱䣬ȴȻǿʶСֻ΢΢һЦһĿǶԽϺ˵ǹҲ֮ǰЩ£˵ڷּԺ׼βͱƣһ֮!
ҡϺɫֱ䣬ȴ֪˵ʲôˡܵԽ޲ָϺĺԼ˶Ź
һģӦۿһУһԼ˵ԺӦǽ޹!֣ԲۣҲǷǽʲô!
˵ӦתͷҲصżɾ䣬ԥ
ϺģֱǰӦק³ΧΧõˣ߷ǰקס˽ϺʹӦϵ뿪
Ӧһ!ϺӺ洫Ӧ϶ȴüͷûһ¡
ǷӵĶû!
Сϲ˿̵ףɱϣгر!ؽСҾϲˣӦϲŵס


155 
ͻȻʲôСҿӦ϶Ӧ˵׼ȻѾ˾ǲȥǸҲ!ôҿҶЩʲô!
ӦҲеȻѾ˾ҪͽӺ룬Ǳ㲻ˣôҿ˶Щʲô!
ȻͳŽҴլʻ˹ȥҵʱ޼Ż֦һ޼һɵЦԼҪ뽪ҵΡ
ӦûţС֪Լط̫ˣԸٽҲĥߴ˾ͽ˽ҴլΧס˱
ļֳ棬Եļ󺺣ηηˣʽСҡ
Сʵǵһμȴľϳ˭Ǳ񡣽СҴ˱һȻСұ񣬳мɫֲܹ˽ӵĻ!
㡭˭Ҫ!֪˭𣿡Ϊ¶Щ
СЦЦشôˣԼʲô£Ҫ㲻صģҲ˺ģֻҪȥһŶ!
ʿˮĺ?ʲôҪȥţѵΪǼ?ٿСңڲǸӵģȴ⡣
ʲôҲû!
СҲգͱ˵ļ䲻Ǻܺð!û£˹ã!
Ļˣ޺˵ҪҲҪϹ!˵žܡȴСҽסˡ
ʲô㲻ҵڰѽ˳ҵţҲ͵͵ˣʲô!Ҫ͵ҵĸѽ
˵ŽСҾͽֱӽˣӽ˱ʹűš
СԴ˳ԺûڿһۣӦĴ˱һ˿̵ıںﻹûлһɪɪ
Ӧ̾˿ĵҲǺ˼ҵĹֻϧɥ˷!䵽檵ĵز!
ӦʲôҲû˵һжǱԼѡȻѾľ͵Լе
ӦϱȥٿۿǽһҪδˣѾںͽӾȥˣǺˣһ˴źӼ
ûʻþ͵ſڣչһֵʱ򣬱ԼԼȵſڲſȺѾΧš
ҶȻͣתͷӦϴϻ󻹸żӺһŮˡ
˳̵ϳǸŮ˾ǱȺ˵ⲻǱôҲ!
ĸ?˽ʵ
Ĵɤ˵Ǹ񣬺μǸ˹ѵı£
һʱ۷׷ףڲ²ΪʲôϲıԼʲô֪ȥࡣ
ò˵ȻĴ޸ݣȴҲĲµˣС˵ĪҲͽһ𣿡
⻰Ҳ䵽ӦϵĶӦû˵ȻżӺͱȥûһ˿ͣ˼ܵ˿ӦԶԣóһ
ں棬̧ͷһµţֻ֪Ҫ̤ţӴԺҲûˡ
Խ룬Խ£תҪߣ˵ҲҪȥţҲҪȥ!˵žҪ·ӡ
Сȥסȴ˵ССģһģǴ˿̾˾СһӴܵķɿ졣
һַʵйһȺװСһûѶץס˱񣬽Ť͸Ӧϵǰ
ӦǰﻹֹšҲҪȥҲҪȥһӡ
ӦûжĴ򶯣ʼնûжҡԼҪ˺Ⱥ˵ߵ뷨ʼĿű
￴ܵıһڣ˵ǲҪ!Ȼ!
ܵҲʼָ񣬱ͷСĳš֪һȥǽӡ
Ӧɱĳ˳ͿԼӻмӣһŮվſڣָܲͣű˵ʲô꾫!Ҫ
ӦɲʶߵӦԱʵ˭!
ӦһתͳŴȥֻӦϱ˵һ䡰׼!ȻͼӦѾš
ȻûرӦϵ˼Ǵɻǽ˴űţҲ漴ŽţС֪һȥǰЩõļͶҪ˺ˡ
ڲͣͣĶӦ˵㣬Բ!㣬Բ𡭡ӦȫȻ
Ƚϣſڵϵĺĺͽӣ֮ǰװαˮѣ˿ϻʪģŲͣĲ


156 ϴ
ܿҲϣڿһ̣˼飬ڿӦϣӦһۡ
ԭΪӦϻ˼ŷ֣һ·ģˣ˻ǽӼ˻ҧأǽҰӦϱƵݣ˿ôʸָӦϷ
˿ʼŽָָ㣬˵ǹŮģټǽӣģǱдҲӦˣ˿̱һߵģ˶ָˡ
ĵĸĸҲϢŸϹĸһϴþͿ޺Ŵźģ˵˴治飬ϣӦô׵ķϣܹһ
ϱѾڰ͵͵۲ãĸ˵⻰ٿӦϵı鲢ûʲôתͳûվӦԣֺӦϣ˵÷ſģҺһվߵ!
˵Żۿ˿ӦϵķӦֻӦϻûбĻǲãϱЩ㲻Ӧϵ̬ȣǧѷĻǼ˵
⽪ҲǲҪǲѣһ˰!ڼһӣ벻ȴô꾫ǿϧ㰡ҿѽ̫!
Ӧֻ̫룬˵һ䡰л!оϣȫƾ˴ü!˵Żϱ˸漴㲻ȥˡ
ϱﲻм֮ԱǣĵӦװʲôأԼɷԼܣס˺üŮˣ˿˺ƤڹϣҶÿ!õļֵΪԼ˭һˣԼݺ˵?
ģǱϻҪȥϾĿĻûдﵽֻܼЦ˵ǣ!о!϶ỹġ
Ӧ겢û̫ıʾ֪ڴʲộֻǲˣ΢΢˵ͷʾԼ֪ˣ㲻ٿˡ
ĵ׺һӦҲԼתȥһίӦϣһеõط֮㡣
ͷȻصϣϣһľľ˵ྲ!ྲ!
ⳡҺӦҵĶʣʽʼӹڴ£໹һĺģһװɵı˿һ硣
վ£վˣϿŹŵĽˣ˵Ҽӿ϶ڽˣҲܸǽ!
ϱ¶ˣæŸ˵ѽĺˣѺڽҳҪ̻!
ЩǶӦ˵ģӦϿ϶ֻ΢΢ͷȻͲٴˣƫƫϾǺϲһףϱЩǵ⣬ϱ˵
ȻǵģѺǽֻгԿķ!Ӧ𣬲Ҫǽҵ!΢΢ͷŽ
ϱ֪⻰˵˵ѣӦڵʵټӦطӿ϶ҪӦϵġ
ĺ̸˼Ҳ飬ϱϡ֮󣬼ҲҪôأ
붼ûһ£˵Ҳ?Ҳ̲ȥ!ûǸӣҲûǸ!
ϱЩʡΪʲôأһô׵ľͷŹʼҲ?
һõĽСڿ˿˵Щ飬ҪҲ˽ͨıӣŰŮ!ĲҪ»𣿡
ϱע⵽һֱվߵǸССŮ֪ǽҵĽСңҲӦϵͷ
ǰ;СŮһ㣬еĸоССһ˶ú¡
СûϱԹԵļ˵½Ժ׾ͻ뿪ڸҸط!
˽СҵĻϱ΢΢ЩԾҲ⣬£ӦҪж󣬲ܼŽˡ
Щͷۣ˵Ҳ˵СҲСʵЩΪѣҪϣ˿ýˡ
ǰûпڵӦϣͻȻ˵ţϽɣͽһȥɣ
˲˽Ӧϵ뷨Сȴ֪ģӦ޷ǰЩһϣʱǵж޴!
Ȼ֪Ӧϵ뷨ǻӦӦϵҪ󣬴˽ɺͽһȺ˺ƺƵȥϡ
ϺϸڳӺ޺ţۼԼĶŮͱˡСһͷһۣĵ:ǸҰеĻҲһˣӦϺȷʵǻ˽ҡ
˵ͷһжԼҵıӦ


157 Բ
һ˾ôƺƵȥҺģԼӦϵĶӣＫ䲻ζôͱһأ£ģߣҪңôɽϺ죬±׽ס
ԽԽǷߺޣֻһжˡںá
ӦϴŽСҺͽСһȥáӦ˵ǸҰˣ֮ǰδ£Ҫѹˣⲻ˶˼Сı
ʱʱĿ˵ɫǽͽɼͽʱĻҡŲδӹ˫֮ۡڽһ˫Ů϶Ĳô˭йزԶ
ֻǣôǳأӦĬĬһᡣ
СҸܵԼĸ׵ĳĬĬĬȥסӦϡӦƺЩʲôȻδСҿԼ˫üĸףĬĬľԲҪ˺ù
С֪ԼĸǽģҲָʲôֻ벻˲Ůɫһ¶޷Գ֣ʲӱĸǹ֣ǴĻǣֻ½Ҳɳ¡
СĸӦ϶ߵҪȡ˵ҪҪ游;˾ǰȥһˣ
Ӧصãȥ游˵˵.
ӦȥӦϣӦϷ¿˿û˹עߵĵڣŮ˼䣺һ֪ɩȥˣҶģĲŮ
ʱһȺ˾е⡣ԭصȺԼȥ˹ġ
ԩ죬ۿųʵ˻ģкҪ棿
Ͻ۹˹֣ǽׯ粻ţ֮ͨ£Ҫ˾ϡ
˵۾ʹȥȰǰ塣
ɰӦкͽСҵĹ硢棬ٺһ֣οܰǸӹĽһˣպûøӦĸӣսܲһݣ
ͶǰͼӴװѽݳ첻¡Ů˻ˡ
꣬Ѿ֪ôаˣãׯһ
ϰѾľݺһģѾ뺣ġͨ飬ǿ飿
һ֣ͨϾʹסˣһͿʼ޵˰˭˵Ҷͨģ檰ġ˵žͰѱȥ
ǽ뺣أҲôʡ
ûϱʵ亹ˣ϶СӹҶȻô£㻹ˣҶҩˣҶźɽ˻졣
˵˹ȥһ߳סһȰơ
ӺãҩһߵŰһӿϵǯơ
Һģæ۷ֿˡ
ϵһͻȻ⣬æͷҵʱɽй䣬˺ģ˿ң߹һҾκģʲô֪ˡһҩˣһҪװ
߽СһѵߵڰסйƵһŮϣ˳ݺ
ԭԽӻе꣬һ߽ӽ鶼ƵԼϣԼæԼеĵһɰͳԩҺҩɰǽϸ͸ҵģҩôɰɰǴľ֪ˡ
Աһڽׯۼ⣬һӾϳǺɰˣ֤ɰϸӵģԭΪ͸Ӧϣ˭֪꾫ޣŮ
ˣӺͺıͨѾǰ϶Ӳˡ
ľľྲӡﷸͨ飬ʮ壬ɹʮգǿ飿Ϊ֤ɼءǻô
ӦĨĨ᣺ˣ뽪ⲻҲС˺룬
ԼҪʮʱ˹ȥϺͽϺӦϵʱԼͬ뵽Ӧϵ⡣ӦϵŮǲ׽˾ˣµĽĸɲߡ
æȵߣûһúõģ룿ǽҲ㶼ǽ壡ˣҲͬһ¡
СҿϵĵòУոҪ˵ЩʲôȴӦסˡ
ӦĶԽС˵ףƽѾڻˣֳͷȻɾͻˡ


158 
ڣЩǱŮˡǿӦϼᶨ񣬽Сһʱˡ
ӦϻϣĸͨǽдȣΪβܺ룿
ӦϴҲǰǻ㻹?Ӧһûǽ޷أ㻹ⳳ
ԭӦֵТʹнӺӦϺ룬ֿ֮һСİһӦϣͨ飬ԭӦнҲӦңӦҪ룬ΪǺдºɡ
˵ʱ˹ȥˮˣ˺룬з߿룺ӦܹѵļͨʲôҪ룿ӺɱŴߣܱǸ򣡡
Ӵ⣬ֽ̿žдգׯӦϺ룬ӦŮڽҸǮӦϲôһ֡
ź飬ӦϺͽСҶӦɴȣдʲô֮ӣӦҵѪɲˣ
ǰǻӣǣ˭˵ЩӦѪǿɶսģеǣӦϵĺǣӦϾͲôǮƣʵڲסӦϵĹ⣬γӦϲԹ԰Ǯ
аϲҺԼиŮѾҪѣԼô뵽ôļƲء
С￴ѾϵĶ˲ҲˣѾôɱԼѡʱ򱨳
Сҹأˣһһ档
һֱĸ׵Сͷ˵ˡ
ѾɱĸףСҴһԾ
۷׷סô¡֮ǰû˵Ѿƽʱͦʵôܸɳأ
С΢΢һЦ˵ҿѾѴĸȵҩǼԺ£ĸǸҩȥˣȥ̽һ
⻰˵꽪Ѿȶˣʱ¶мͰҩ£ҪǱڳȫˡ
ﲻ֪ϱһΣ»ĬģֻǿţСңТģұŽʲôĸǲزΡ
СҲúǱ粵ֻ΢Цվһߣ˳ȥ̽Ľ
ӦɳϺͽѾʱסӣҲɶģƾʲôߣ⼸ӣǣԸԸͨĵ
ϺŵŵԵӣ룺⿿סģҪͷԼ
׼ϴ⻰˵ľͲˣҲôӦһأǼҲгģϺҺҼҴɶа֣ⲻҪ𣿡
Ӧ᲻֪ϺǸʲôɫ۸ԼþͲˣ⣬༥Ϻ˵ˣ֪ܹ˶٣
ȥ½ʮ˶һĶû˵˵ĿɶԣϺ⣬Լǰȥ͵˱ҪؿɺŪȥ
ӦϿϺ޳Ϸʣ˵Ҳа֣֪ǱǶ٣¸ǱʮʱǽҶʮǶϣȥ䵱͸ҵŴʮ⵱Ʊĸױλף˵һ𶼲ϳ趼Ͻˣôǰ֣
ϸλ񶼷׷ͬ˵Ϻϴûæ⡣ׯСסҲƽҸ˭֪
ϺŪˣһǶʲӣǮҽҵģ
ɼ˻ңЩ»ǣԼҪȰһ£Լۡ
Сﲻ֪ǽͷʲô߹ȥвɣҪƽϢ£ϽȰǸ룬ȻҿɲȫӶ֪Щ£
ΣֻȥסϺӶ˶ò𣿸Ͻ˰ɡ
ϺһĿ֣ô׵¡
СҼ޷ˣͻȻɷϹͨ˵ͨż׷ȶʮż׷зš
СԭŽӺôԼ˵ţֻǽͱ˵ӣҲֻܰввˡ
Сٴι£ˣҼǵɷһͨż׷ȶʮż׷зš˵ܲ׷أ
룬صȻܣȨ
ӦϺӦСҵ⣬˲򣬰̾Сҵĵˮ©
ӦʻڵõĽϺҪҲŮӣҪӣŰǾһ£ţⱲӶټˣ


159 Ļ
ԭΪԼʮѾطˣ֪ͨﻹܱŰа޵ⲻТŮҪŪԼ׵𣿻ϲģҵܲˡ
ǽԼҲ۲Ӧϵӣ֪Լֺһд£ǧӿɴӴٸԼ޹ˣɵҲ
ӦϿ˼ûоϵҲζѣ彪дȻ͵Űɣ
ӦѵõӲ˽ӵƢǣǲǵŸҺȥǸһ붼Ҫ룡һһҾҪһ죬Ǽ˫˫ɣ
Ӧϼյ˶һ궼ˣҲ뽪ӾݣǣԼͨ飬˶еŮ潣Һ򣿣
ѾǱԼ鱩¶˵ȸ㶨Ӧϣٴӳ飺Ǹ½ʲôҿɿ棡
СҼĸױֻܲĸ׵Ķͦ½Һĸ׾µģƣҪͻȥܲ棿
߽ͱ˵ٴľľྲྲǰﵱг𣿽Ѿ˵Ӧм򣬿֤ݣ
Ѿſʳ֤ݣֻվԭ֧֧ᡣ
Ȼû֤ݣô͵֤ٸӦͨ飬Ǽ֮¡˵ҲὪѾԹԵغ
Ѿƫǣ϶Ӧһ߽СǸ˸ˣɵðԼô뵽һ£ֻȾ½ӣʡϺͽϺΪ˽ӷҲ
˼˽ѾָŽСʵ˵ͨż׷ȶʮż׷зţôֻ˵ͨأȷ𣿡
ϼѾô˵µæȵѾͷ˾ͨɷô᲻֪Ϊ¹ƫвŲȻǽֻ»Թ֡СҶȻ֪⹫ô˵𣿡
ѾڵأֻǲκһŮۣϰΧʮ⣬ԾһỹҪƫӦϼ֡
СҼĻдЦ֪Ѿֻû뵽ôؼʱ򻹸ҿӦҰ
Ӧɼ־һֱҵģŸϽȻӦҲá߹ȥһѾסϺ˵㵱ҪţҪǾˣôо͵ȥɣ
Ϻ᲻ӣҪͶҲ᲻ãôһˣҪѶӴòܰˣʧȥˣҲ̫ˣ
Ϻ˽УԼڸĸǸʲôˣȥŶþ᲻ӣôӵĸĸԼԸȥһ£ǱĸĸоʵڲܣתͷֿӦϼڽӦƽȰԼΪϺ㣬ΪԼĻ
ڳϣӦ˵ĶûϺֻнӣûλãĹȲϰɡ
Ļ䣬׼д˷ݺ飬ѼҲøӦϣӺôԼŮģȻֻ»䵽ϺкԼûʲôϵ˵Լ˸ТŮɻиТ˳ӽСС϶úԼġ
ϺںдҲȫӦϣȫȻ˲Լƽʱɻʱװ岻õһʹܵߣѽдĺ˺ˡ
ӹӦϿɾ͸ûһϵˣҪܹǣžţĻܲ𣿡
ѾҲһ԰ǻ壬үү̶㰡ô᲻㰡϶ģһʹܲţǻʣܶء
ѾתͷӦ˵һȻû
Ͼһ̫٣СѾͷģһ룬طҲҪ
Ӧ϶ЦˣȺ֪ˣڲǵɱ˰أֻ˼ԼҲˡܣⷨǱģҸˣԼҲᣡ
ӦϣӦһסΣֻ£ߣ˵ǵģͲǵģҿȫ֪ǽСѾͷġ
Ӧû뵽ϻô˺棬ѽСǣСƱػᱻ죬պֻ»鷳ŮеӦֻԼϣµԼ鷳û£ֻԼŮ鷳Ҫƽ˳졣
ãˣ⼼ģҽ̸СҵģúõʳСʲôӦϻص
Цһˣǿ޸Ҷӵʱģ͵Ҷӵһ룬Ҫ̻Ҷ


160 պ
ӦøǣԼŮֻȴӦ˽ֻ̼ⶼҺҵĶŮٳ֣԰붼룡
ĺߺȴ˵䷴Ļ
Ӧ֪Լ뻤ŮĸŮվʡôˡ
ӰɣԸ̸ǣҾͲ˵ʲôˣдúѧɡ
һǵʱ򲻽أϺææϺʮֺǲǮļ
־Ϊ֤ӦҲˡ
Уһʹ㻵ѧÿô죿Ϻ˵һ֪ǣʵʵڵȷҿɲġ
ӦԼʲô˾;ñʲôˣûʹӦһĭһǾͽ̵⼼ʼǮΪֹ˰ɡ
Ϊһ꣬Ȼһֱš
ʱҲ廰ȻȻǾǽһǧǧӡ
ǣ־ݡӦҲھݣæӦ
СҳһҺӦϻȻôǮ˵׻ðˣ
Сҿûǣׯ֮ǰиɵĹĴ˼ƸȥýׯĴۺ첻ѣðǸׯ̽׵ĿյһƦ˼ҹ뷿ǹﲻòޣ
ǰ֮ڣСҪǱ֪ƺĵӣֻԺ˵Ӷˣܰ
⽪ׯĴƽʱƣʵҲʲôˣҪǿӦǮ˭ĸӡ
˼ˣСҾгһգһҪżԶߡ
һֱԱߵӦϵĸ׺ʹɩӦӦˣʵ̲סˣսģǱ۸!ӦϵģҪҪ
ǣô۸˵?СӼ޹ȥТţ¸ŮʲôûڣǶǿģǲĽӳִ߽èʲô¶ɣŸʲôһƽﲻСʹˣܻ⼼Сӵ𣿡
˵Ҳ˼㣬ϸ˸ؿڡ
ӦϿԼɩĸôάԼʮָжǣҪǻ˽ᣬƺļǽСֻ»ع⣬ǿԼСĸ׵Ҳðա
ŮӱΪĸǿӦϴ⣬סϺϣףɩӣ֪ΪҺãֻٺ룬뿪ǸĹεˣ뿪ǸĵĽҡ
ǣûǼ㽫Ҫôѽʵ
û£ûʲӼҲû㣬ֻҪдһڷͻһڷԣҲŮһڷԡӦõģæ˵˳㻹һӡ
֪аıûеӦõĺοøˣɩֽһ䣺ҺСùϵôãǼƽЩֻʲˡ
ҲˣǼҲô۸
ӦֻȰסĸף̻Ҳкö˵ͷأа취ӦǺ⣬ֻǲ֪⼼ͷܣĿǰҲ˵ӦֻȺغŪסĸס
֪ɩӺ⣬ֻҲĿǰ⼸Ժ벻µĶˡӦٽߵĲۡ
Ӧϸ˵ҷޣᷢʮ꣬û뵽ˣͨ¶ܸɵĳӦϲĽŮҪǣͬ⣿
һżˣҪ߽СңҾˣСҪ£ǽҵжɲ⣡
Ӧϼ̬ȲãԭҶᣬӦԼҲͰˣὪӻ׼Ůӣǿ벻̡
㣿Ҷӽ̻ˣ͸ˣӦϴʱºͽ˺ƤŮΨһĵߡ
ˣ˵жˣŮҲսģС˵Т˳Ҳݲ˵߾ʹߣϷߺ޵̫
ӦϼϻڱŮҲ磬ֻͽ˵ɣҪβܷҺͺߣ
ӳûּۻۣ㲻׷ͨһ£⼼ҲҪ֮ǰԼ졣
мҲһ룡Ϻ䡣
ӦʮʲôûɣôżۻһݼҵǾôһ룿
Ѿ˼ˣɼҲڿ˿ɱ̫̰ģСûǻӦϺ˵
˶ˣҼǵӲ룬ȻҪؽʮգԲԣ֮ǰׯһϱӡͻȻ뵽æ
Ҳǵд£ӦҪǲȫҲȥŰɣ϶ݺݵ˵ҲȫˣǼϲСͷ˭߾ʹߡ


161 ƶб
ãҲҲҪˣҲǣǺұ붼ߣȻҾҲҪšӦ˵ĻһĻˡ
ˣ͸ϽдɣҲϽⳡ˾
ӦɻΪȡʲôˣǽдȰ
ҲΪ޸ȷʵҪܷģͨ˼Һ룬ӶڱҵģܰѺӴѾˡ̾˿
Ӧǰһ֮ѾʹˣܴߺѾǻϲǮܿĿͷ˸֤ӽҵĺСССҺͽްϸ
ˣӽӦϵĺӲҪҷҲҪңϲɥ޹أӡϺǿͬ⣿ʵ
ͬ⡣ϺϷɿشӦˣ±˷ƵġϻӣʾӦʡ
Ӧɼ־ݣҿɲǡǰѽ˵Ļԭⲻȥˡ
ӵд˺־ݡ
Ӧõ־ݵʱ򣬸оԼֻһһڵжŮ֧˰һԽԽá
СҿԼ׺ò¶Цݣ֪Լ߳ˣһס䣺ףһñڽҺõġ
ӦϺ΢ЦؿӦϺͶŮףСҵͷɲôʱǷôծôѵӶȥˣɲֻʣ˺ˣ游ؼҡ
Сȴ˵⹫ǻһû
˵ˣлΪĸŮĸŮڻɣڻмϣæҵĴĸԩϣ
룬ôһŵģοƣҲٹֵ֮ǰȥҩ½еôˡ
ֵ˻鵽һЩʲô˵һЩ룬Ըڴ˵صȺ򣬽ѾѺΣȱ֤˾Ϳá
֮󣬽Ѿ֪ˣվסѾһᣬæյտӵߣߵһ˵
Ѿĸ׵»û˽ء
ĸҪȾңǸҩǸҩȷʵⰡĸǸҩǴߵȥģѱ鵽ϡѾϳ鵣߱ĸǴ˵ֹô򵥡
ŶɱϱͺúŪȥˣ˭ĸĥϱأڵϱ켦ʱ־͸ɻʱϢԣӲϱĥˣҲһײ͸˾ˣ˿ʲôûС
Ѿ˵ԼжϣŮ붼ӦˣҲôģ㰲ģϱʲô
ֻȴ֪ͱȴ£һܶɶȴһˡ
ᣬʹӺ˻ѾľһģȵãϽѾһ֤á
ԾͰѰñߺ䡣
һȺٱһҩĴˡ
Ѿԭͱһŵù˵ϣǸ򱻴֮ò̧ͷ
ˣȶԴʻ¿ǳ´򣿡
Ǹһǲ
ҩӺ⼸ζҩʲô
˵˰ѴӽѾԺڳҩʣµһҩ
λ´ǰϸ̽£ҩ񿴲⸱ҩӡߵҩȻ˹޴ӱ𣬵ǴҩƲӦһк
ʽѾ⸱ҩĸ׳Եģĸ׵ʱʲô
Ѿһ䣺纮
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ѾһͻˣҪȰƳȥҩĸȥģҲ֪
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˭֪ѾŮȴݶϰԼĸ˳
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ϸһᣬҡҡͷ
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СҿӦɵطԸ£֪ӦѾˣͿĵȥʰˡ
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ϺͽѾ˿ȻۣǸӦϺͽСҴǮƣⲻϣȵ˽Ժ档


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164 ƴ
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165 û
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⽪ׯ˭֪ƺµĽĸӦϵսǿɶˡ
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166 
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167 
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߽СϵĻֻܰߵװߣȴĬĬ²ۣԼͷֻһ겻ôϵȴ˸оԼҪˣȴҪüꡣ
ǶԼ޳ȥСĬĬп
ϽӹϵĻ磺ҪҼϴѳɼңһýСҸϱϧû⸣֣Ҳ֪˭֡
뵽ԼŮڼ뷨رãԼҼӵûرʵģȻСԼߣҲΪί˽Сҡ
˵ɣǼûͺʵġѾתͷȥˡ
½СҺӦڼжӦѾڸԺӣֻҪԺһǺͲŽСҺӦϻƤ⡣
ֻǣպϵĻȴ˾ӣҪǽСҼ޵ӦɲӦҴһܽ£һɾһӵ¡
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ȵӦϺͺϹѽСҸôأϵ˽ӦҵļҲҪԹԷָСҡ
뵽ϴ⣬ԲýСҼ޵Ӧҡ
ϸȥźժˣװ˵ϧǼҵĸͶʣҵиֶͦɫġ
ϴϣżǰСҶ࿴ѡѡʱ仹ͦģһǼꡣ
ϵʱ˿գպ޺޵ص˽Сһۡ
һ۱СҷˡĸǸģСа˸λ
ʱ˼գӦҵ˳ɣӦϵСԺҲˣӦȰȥǺϺͽϺ᲻ŮӦϹٰҡ
СҺӦһ£ӦѾ룬϶ҪӦҹģǾӦסţȵٰȥ¼ңůȴȰˣӾ翪ʼ̴񣬳ŹǰǮꡣ
ǣӦϾʹ򷢽СҼȥҰ֪ͨȾƣҶӦˣҲĬز
ֻСҪůⲻ˲⵰ˣѾͷ˾ͺͽ˵Ӧ⼸ڴ
ȥӦԺ͵͵һۣȥӦ·Ǳ߿˿³ɾ֪ӦڸЩʲô
вޣӦҪůҲǽ˵һȴȫȻǵõʱӦϺͽӺʱǽҡô۸ˡ
ȥӦϰůʱˣĻǰƵʱȥҳӱȽϺá
ĸŮԼ£͵ӦϰƵʱȥҡ
СǱʵҲڷŽ˹ȥӦŽм׳ԺſڳԾƣ˾
ӦȴòãҲסʲô
СҼ֣ҲʲôֻҪǲͺ𣿡


168 ů
ӦɣҪԺأ
С˵ҪǱ£ȻʰǣôأҲ¡
Ӧ꣬ҲýСҵĻеͰ׼Ʋȥˡ
ȫ˳ԷɲǸС£˺˵˾ͱȽѡ
СǮ٣ɴ뼸
ͶԼˣһ۶ҪˣæŲմأˮҲȲһڡ
ӦҲۼˣǣϾЩ¶࣬ҲϢϢǣӦϾýСȥˡ
ڴﻹͷһ⣬ҲӦˬҲɾ
СҼǸԼ߶һģҲźúûرǣǣȥľ¥ʦһۡ
±һֱӦϺͽСҵĽ֪ˣ˼Ӧϵųô󣬸Ǻ޺ޣһҪӦϺÿ
ߣӦϺӦʼնæů¡
˾ǴҲˣǵ˴񣬶Ϊ̼´ӦϣǱߡ
ǣǴӸڵҴټ˼Ʀ͵Ӧϰȥҳӡ
Сţصرʮֹ·͵Űѽ˺úʰһ١
ô˰ϾУӾתůһ졣
ߵĹϳԾƣ
ͷһбӦϾʹŽСҼһ˰عүȡϹƷȵֽƷӦϴͷһұڣžУ͵ԺĴͷ׷ΧӦϵء
ҲûԴԼļ߲˵񣬸ԣ˼ٶһһƿԼĻƾƣͿˡ
ӦϺͺϴŶϱҲæдСͬıֵܽҲŰѴĺк
ӦϺȾٱǸлʹ񣺡λףŮŻٲ˸λĴ֣ȸΪллλˣλ£˵һһŮҲͷҶչˡ
ӦϵӦϺ˵꣬Ҳٱλ׵ĶҶˣҲûʲôܰҵģֻܰһƺ̸ң쿪ʼÿҶԺ̣һҪ
˷׷׳ƣ̾ӦϺġ
ӦɿղкҿʼԾƳԲˡ
ƹѲԺڳ֣ӦĵģҽҵԺӾˣǼҵط飡˰ԺˣҿȥḶ̌Ҳҽ̣
С֮ǰڰλʱѴ׳˰Ժſڣӵ²˴ľͨǰæºÿ˸ƣЩ˶һӦ¡
ӦϻСλԺݵĵطʡĻǡ
Ǻ޹˼ɣʹŹڳԺӺͽҴ˶ˡ
ɱΪ𱬣ȿڣޣǽ۸ˣ˱߻£Ǽ˭֪Ӧģս˵Լҵط
һڣׯǾͿҲԼҪͨ飬ȻҰѱ˵ط˵ԼˣûûƤ
Ǳ߽ĵƦåҲʾ˵ǸСǵľǸСǵģһ˯ôŰ֪ô
⻰һӦ˷׷ķӦã񵶾ǰ첻ɾӦɺ³ϽӦɣӦҲţǰ˵ʲô˵ʲôˣܹҲٲһ⡣
߰ǻĽׯҲ𣬻ǺԼɲ˵ˣӦǶ֪ͽ
˶࣬Ҳ³£ֻһ졣
СҿЩ˲ҴˣľͰһ룬к˶ȼԲˣſڲҴ˽С
Ǳ߽ׯ˽ԺӾͰ˨ϣҴҲֳ£ֻ֡
Ժþƺò˳ţǱԺվ֣һҲûҴͷһͺͽϺߣӦϿʼ̼ʱٹ֡
ϺǱߵ˶࣬Ǵ򲻹ҲҴ˻ȥ
ڶ죬ӦӶᵽԺ׼ۣȽ̴档
Ǳ߽ׯĴԼȫͣ£ԺŽֳŮ˽ԺӦѧ
СҲԺæڰӣˮʲôġ
ôֵһϣӦϾͽ̻棬ӦôȻȥԼٰԼڼĴڿָһ¡
һϽ˶û£Сһ֣ȥһ²֪ʵͦкֻǿȫ˶ſţҲû£شˡ


169 Լ
СˣĬĬ˒һͬᣬ⽪Ҳ˲Ǯ¶ûֳɹǮ׻Ҳûҡ
ڶӦϿ¸Լ棬ֽ˼Ĳ̫ɹģͿʼ̴ˡ
Ȱѹϴɾٰѹп飬̳ȪˮͰǣٰѾ̳»߷ŵƽʹ󹦸ˡ
Ƿ׷׸пԭƺ涼ô򵥣ϧҶû뵽ֻӦЩӡ
ӦϽͽԼĽѧģôԼȻȥϰʱʣϾͿ쿪ʼˣѧܶһꡣ
ҶӦ϶ǧл˸࣬ڽſڶţһ˳´ҾͻϹ
Ӧ϶Դ˰ʮ⣬ȿٽ̴ֹ磡
˵껹¼ѧҵҲģӦϵСԺһֱܰġ
ӦϰԼļԴڣѾм㡣
Сţÿǰ͹ ⶼرãһҶæҪƵöඩǽСҾŰǼæĶָ
ӦÿУǶǿԷֳȥֻǲƷǻҪ£ܻ˿ڱС뻹һ͹ƵۼҪͳһôǶ⾺ȻгӴҶǮ
ӦϺͽСҾͰѴٴټ˵£ҲǽСҵ˼Ͼۼۺرؼݲһ˿һʧĸŮԴж飬ǲ㡣
Ǹģ˵ӦϺͽСҵرãҲڴӦ˺ڼܴΡ
д˿ڣӦмˣӦӻһ£Ҫʹһ׬Ǯ
һӣɤ˵ӦӺģҲҪһ׬Ǯ֮ǰҪԼ£ΥҪñȴ򣬶Ҫׯͬ𣿡
һôأ˴˶һۣе㺦£ȱﲻסڣʲôԼ°ôء
ϴһӸһİ취ԼҲΪ˴ܳþ׬ǮΥˣǶǽׯ˵Ĳ·˵ҪҪΥ˸ϳȥ
һԼΪǺãȻȫӦˡ
߽Сóдõִͬһһ
ж۵ĲƷӦϼһ£Ҷ⣬ϾͷҲֻȴΪʲôܵͼȥأҪʲôͳһۼۣûôȷ˼룬еܡ
ͣͳһۼ۲Ϊ˱˶Ǯ㿴ǮһΪͰѼ۸Ǯһⶼȥûô찡ֻҲۣǻҪͲǾֻǮһ
˵ӣ۸ԽԽͣʵûǰ࣬ɻǰۣ˵ͼʲôͳһۼۣһǼһ𽵼ۣ׼˽µ۸ӴҲܶǮ˵Բ԰?
ʵɵֻǽСҶгһϵͳġƵġִĸôһ׶ؽ꣬Ҳĵ˵ĿģһڴӦ
ǺܶǵģڴӦúãԺ󲻻͵͵˶ڹʾϻѺǩȻˣ⻭Ѻ˾ͱأȻԺӡ
Ƿ׷
ߣȻڳ˼Ժдһݸܵý˻ѺӲһʧ
ӦϺͽСҲɵøп⽪ϵ
ǱȻͬ⣬ҲҪֵˣҪǩֻѺʲôȾܾˣôȻҲǣǰû£˵ǾˣŵԺҲӦϵ鷳
ĿĴɣҲúǾŻѺ飬ˡ
⼸մЩ£ӦϾʹŽСҼʼĵӣ֮ǰҪֵ˵УҪӦϵУӷ㶨ۺʼ졣öҪ͵Ӧͳһ
ӦϾôǶӱȥ͹ƣԼϵ˸ӵľ¥ȣҲӵ˲ٶæˡ
δ˶ڸϹûӦϴµ۾ͲˣСԸȥϲ
߽СҸ̸꣬ž½٣ԭǵҲ̫Ҳ
½˵˽Сҵ⣬һ£ɣȻشӦӣߵϰѻҾ͸͹ȥ


170 ˵ý
Сԭô鷳½ֵܵģǼܲסԱ߰ǻӦӿ϶æСҽȥǸͻϰ϶˰ֵģҲȥһˣ鷳ʲôȥ
С뵽⼸ӦƣɫʹӦˡ
С˴ڶ½ֵܾʹŻˣ½ӦӰɣԺҸȥｪׯϰۿۣҲЩ
ӦϾ̫鷳½ˣ½ҪˣӦ˵Լſʼ⡣
ӦһúܺãʹӦ½æˣֻҪ½밴۸ܸ̫ۿۡ
½ϣӦȰҲһãȫ嶼ãܰæʱͺܺˣαǮأҪǸ͵͵ۣԺҾұȥ
½ŴӦԼÿѮһλƽʱҪǻһȥ˵һ͡
½ԴӺ󣬾ׯƽʱҲֹ۵Ӧϰõ͹Ƶ͵С
Ӧԭ鷳½½˵߳ŻȥҲǿţӦء
Ӧϼ֣ͰԭҪͻǮ½ˣ½գӦϼ֣½ˡ
գӦͻȻ˸ýţϿýţһʱеͷԣҲ֪кͼǺϻǽţϾǴˣӻ˵ýûҪ鷳˼ҡ
ýһ¾˵⣬ԭǸӦ˵ýġ
е⣬ϾӦϲźͽӺûãôý
뻹ȾܾˣðŮźң廹ûãֻټ޲ܰ·ңǹһ˵ɡ
ýҲգЦǺǿ˵Ͻ㣬ȱžܾ˰һһĺãżŹ˵ͣȻء˵ˣҲ֪ǳܸɣӲҲû£޹ȥ˼һúģŵġ
лٶӦһӣŮôټ޳ȥǺ˵зãҲе㶯ģ㿪ʣļ˵ý
ýŻش˵ϵķţǰӲʣһֱûȢ¸˵ܸɣˡ
ʣǸţ
ý֪е㶯ˣͷ˲࣬ܿŵĸ٣˵Ųһٳˣһܿ˽ӽ˶飬ÿµÑ١
ŵĵλҲߣýɹٸ⣬ÿʡܶǮعҲƽͷһֻҪ־ͺá
˵ţӦϼ޹ȥҲ
ֻǱϾ׹Ůϻʷżе˿ڣÿĽˡ
ýҲʵ˵ˣĸѾʣлиŮˣһ˼֣̺ĸŮûͳޣԭҲûʲôˡ
ֻǺϣ˵ҪԼŮû˵Щʲô
߽СҴӳϷſţŽȥˡ
ϺýŽܣֻŮСңСңǴýţ񡣽źˡ
СҶýŸ˸һš
ýſСرģŽСһٿ䣺Ů濡Ͻʱֹ꾲갡˵ýܰżˡ
˿ԼŮǺܿģﻹǫ˵أСţӻƤء
Сҿýŵӣв³ΪӦϵĻģСҼӦټޣСһϣӦһ֪֪ȵһӣȻüɼҵˣӦ̫µˡ
ֻǣϣӦټޣȴϣӦϼҴټޣһһ˲磬⻹Ӧһ˹ء
С룬Ժ˵ĸҸոտ游Ҵҳȥˣ֪ǲʲô£
˵ʹһ񣬺ᣬý˵ðͷӲ֪ʲô£ҹȥȲˣǸŵͺҼͷһ£ͷػ
ýſϴҴææӾȸˣ֮ǰǸ˵ǸõģúϺúÿһ¡
ýһߣСҾ͸϶һ裬ʵĸžȢ׵𣿡
ҲŽСңʵýŵĻһ飬С˾ҲǺͺ˵ȲǸŰɣҪôã˼
ͬˣҲôġ
ǣС͵͵½˸ţ˵ϵķף½һ˵ķ


171 Է
½¼죬ûͻػˣĶý˵һģĸѾŮҲ˼׼ޣֻһ㣬ŵԭǰȥģûžȢһңϸ¸û
С꣬Ͻߺϣ֪˺޺޵˵ýǹ֣ôҪ¶ϾȢ䣿ô˿ɲܼޣ
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˶ӦˣӦԼ˵ֻŰ⼸ŮҲټޣ
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ֻӦԸȥ࿴Ҳˣڸһ£ûкõģӦһ
⼸սСҿϵԶˣӦСͽС˼ȥϵԴ
СһǵдԹ֭ɴϴ˿ë֯;ѿεʳտʳԡӡ̾ҩ̵ͨϡŧɱѢ֮Ч
⼸ϻˣ϶е㲻ЩӦæӵ˸ǡ
Щڵͷæµ˶еˣСŸԷԣܺһ㡣
ϣ˴ԣ˯ǰСҰѸϴˮ˳ݵԼϲӵڶϣС糿ѷݺõǷŽ˼ӺһЩĢ񶡡빽ާ˵
С룬òֳȥ˵廨ڣ׷һһ
ϿСڳæµСڸʲôʮֺ棺Իܳأ
Сû뵽˲ԣֻܸϿգ˵ǼԺĥɷĩ״ÿϴͷɼѷ׷״ŷʹĵءһǧٸϴԡ㣬ΪĩӣӴÿʮ裬ķ޼ӡ¡ءηͬϣ裬ͨΪȡֹΪĩ׺ͳӣӴÿġʮ裬²¡Ѫӡʵһӹȿ㣬ȥΪĩÿһǮΪ¡˷ЧɢＱءģ(׿)׿()ȷΪĩԷĩӣӴÿʮ裬¡
û뵽ôãϧׯ˲ãÿ궼ô԰װ˷ˡ
СЦ˵ĸܰ˵ģȥǮȻԼԷҲͦõģأһԡ
磬СҰõԷóȥ֣ҷ׷̾óԣ⼸ǿһЩԷŸϼʱõȥСҾ鲻ͺͽС󼸸һϹ˶ʮõ
ԷͷΪ˵һСԣȻǺˡ
½ŸׯͻĻᣬһǮӦϰ㣬˵һСԺˣ½ԼҲһֱⷿסţСԺӳۡ
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ǡɣҲأԭذŽҵĵأΪҪ߾ͱˣϾúŰԼܴһȦ
Ҳȥ½ļǮߣ½ϧ˺˵ʲôׯĵزˣڹء
һȺûֻȥ
ҲΪѣʵһزǴ£֮ǰҲ˹ֻǽôλҲð죬һʱ潩
ả֪ܳ˵ǳ½һɵļ۸ѵǣϴŭСʲô£ɲǮ
һǸģߣǮӦϺʱǮˣ˵ǵġ


172 ׼
ƴӣֻһ̫ˣӦǮˣֻʣ¼ӸӳԷȾ⼸ϾͻˣĹŵСӶûǮ⣬ֻûûסڽСԺ
ۺģԼûǮȾƣȥҪǮһ֮ǰ˵ǣ˵ûýӵǮὪˣĸӡ
ᣬ˵أ͸ϽźĹòӣҲҪõء
½û뵽ڳô£е㲻ˣС͵͵Ȱôˣ򵽾׬ģҰ
СҳϺͽӳƤʱ򣬸ϽȰӸԼأϿرСҵˣ޻˵½ˣǽСȴǣֻܻˣôװˣҲܽСңϽ׷ҪǮ
ˣСдһ½ػ½
ŽСҶԽׯĹףҲһֻ۱һֻۣ˽תصˡ
½ԽСǧлӦȫȥϳԾƣС˵½磬Ǽæһճˣϯ㲻붼ɰ
½ЦӦ˵õİգȫҶԾơ
죬͵˼ӣ߶ķףǸӡ
һ磬ӦϾʹŽСȥֽƷСڼʰСȥӦʵҲԺĹʲôġ
ȵӦϺͽСˣʱСҲʰɾˣһһү㣬˹Ʒ
ӦϿæòˣýСҼȥʰʰ׼Ӧҡ
ԭů֮ӦϾ׼·ǱסţǺ᲻ŮŶڼҼ죬ӦϾ;ȹ֮ʽߡ
ǣ⼸Ӧ϶ϵСԺ̴߽ɻջƷȵϾͻǻӦҡ
֮󣬻ϾûˣҶԼæµšΪ׼ӦϸһĶȫʣѻƷ͹ȥȻԺһ͵סˡ
ӦǱҲΪæµš˿ڶ࣬Ҳʢ󣬹ֽҪոʱʶͬǰʼģӦϴźǻصӦңӦһû
ӦԺţˣæ˨Сã㣬ǻ˰
ӦϿ˶ڳʵúӣû
߱˵ɲǣҲˣǶϹˡ
С˵ǿˣ׼ûȥæɣ
Ӧۺæһ죬ѽСסˣʰԺӹˣ°ɣȥ
֪ӦϺͽСڸϹȥææСãǶЪϢɣҪǶ֣Ĳˡĸ˵̫۳Եļ򵥵㣬տʼٸǲ
Ӧ˵ҲǣһȥСǽš
סӦϾȥˡ
ӦϽð깱Ʒɩڴ͹ȥߺ죬ߴ֡
ӦϺæĲˣȴżȥΰӦ˶࣬ԭǷԷģǹ궼һԲԲʶӦϺ´һˣպõȹá
ӰڿҲæˣ˰ѷϣֵس˹ĵһԲ
£Ҫ³˼񣬾ͻ׼ĳʳ
ὲ࣬ǲҪԺãҪиࡣǣαʳͳһԹ˵⣬Ͼһûбʱ
һݲˣȻٰ·˱棬ǷɵָӲóԣС̴
СҰѽ׼ɵ廨ó飬Ȼʳκͺںơ
С룬ΪˬýСȥ˵ݩӽȥ
Ȱѵõڹ볦ˡ
СʱӦ˶ΧԺ￴ǰֻ⣬û֬ûˣܱ֬㡣
֮,ץų,˶ϲ.ҲгƬ,д¾ƵĺòˣԺ͸߲ͬ,ζͬ죬տ৻,һܡ
Ӧ꽪СҵĽܶ档
ҰŽСҽܷɣµķ⣬ٿԼҵСҾȻкܶĲ⣬Щȫ֧ļˣжôףֻҪС˵ԣӦҾͻ


173 Ϧ
ֵ׼УϾ͵˳Ϧ
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һӦϺʹ޶Ůﱲһһұڡ
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174 
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ӦҲϽǰ鿴ӵĶͷоûзգȰһ룬ͷСӷգһվزۡ
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175 Ԫƻ
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176 
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177 
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178 ˼
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ӦŮĻȫǸйأСңǲǻΣգӦҲ˲ԼֱֻŽСʡ
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ӦȻģҲ֪ԼﲻʲôæӦ
СҴ·Ҵϴ˰ܵС󡢽СͷţСС𣿡
СͽСÿն飬Ȼͷ硢ۼոձҲѾϴϣ׼ʼСҵСøϽȥš
СҿǰſҲ˲ϱģһ߽һʣСС¸ۡ
СͽСˣϽýС¡
СʵϣǽСȥŽӻصĽСңСʱӦһˣȻӵϢ˵Сû£ʱҲֻС˵һ龭ܶϸڲ


179 
ǽС˵СңȰϵϸ˵˵
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ǽС֯һԣӿʱԼ˸Լ˵˵ԼؽСӵʱҪԼؼ죬ٰԼˡ
ʱСͻȻ˽Сң԰
ССӣȵСҽ˵ɣ
ǣСҼ˵Լܾ¡˵ЩСʽСͽС󣺡ǲҲεúܣ
Сȿ˵ԣǼȻҪ˾ͲӦðڳڹؼ죬õǵȡȳǣȻԱߵϻطԶԶİˡ
ңŰȷͷҲðڳڣȻĹٱҳĿ̫ˣС䡣
һ֣ǹӺ񲢲ڵƻϷʱҰߵģǡǸһͶңȻ˻ҰߡСһһ˸ٵľһͶңǿ϶֪ǼҸԣмǮΪʲôҰ˸ǼҪأ
᲻ǲ֪Ǽҵĵϸֻǿ㳤Ĳ˴ģС˵
Ӧòǣ䵥ʱ٣ʱƻϹһ˿ƵŮӲ٣Ҫ˵õ֣ǱҺù߶ˣᶢңСһָо˾ǳģǻ֪Լݡ֪ԼļˣӦΪĳĿģǵΪ˵ӡ
СͽС룬²򵥣Сּʣǣ㻹ǵǸôߵ𣿡
СҸո˵ˣ䣺һ˹סңȻһӸɺҩ֮ҩ
СͽСҩѺһϵеΪЩдġӵĹ߳ǵĽ鲻ܸ࣬оѾˣһᣬǻûһͷ
ɣȻ͵ʱǸ˾Ǻ游һ°ɣǱϾСûʲôϽˣӦܿʲô
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ĸæŰڷôΪǶˣ͸һһӣ˰ɣô˰ڳ壬ɽסϽȵ档
СҿҶû͸СͽСʹһɫȲ˵ǲŴĸֻǣһһ˵ԽԽܶģϸڿܻᱻԼ̽Ѱ಻
ǣͰڷаӡ
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СҲǿЦãֻȰοûʲôϵģһǾֱӳģ
⻰һýԾ
ӦʵСңʲô˼ǳģ
ӦҲż˵ССͣӦûʲôҰô£Ͻ˵˵
ҪǵĽСңӦϺȣ˵ȵȵʣúǳԷ극һһºô˵ġ
ӦϺĻҶеǶ³緹
ĸһ߸ʢһߴȤλ˾ˣļģ֪ǵĺӣҲܲúǳԷѽ
ӦɼԼϱȤԼɫҲе㷢죺úúãҲļԺ󲻸ˣ
˶ЦŻϳƵա
ȵͳˣϴżϱһʰӦϺýСҿʼ˵Լķ֡
С˵游ȵȵȣĸ;ĸʰ˵˶һҲ෢ʲô
ӦϺе˵ãٵȵȣˣĸǶг
һֱ⽪Сҵ£⻰Ͻȥˡ
СҵŴҶͿʼԼְԼͽСС۳ļɵ˵ˣҺССЩ£Ǿмɵ㡣һǿǳģΪƻϹŮӲ٣ûҪͬемˣҸ˷ֿʱ䲻֡ڶΪ˹ӦֱӰҴǣǹڳڣӱ˷ֵĸʴ󣬶ҲȫǹŵȷͷֹӦεϳģӦѡһԺӣԺӱٱѲĿԺܴǲ᲻֪


180 
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Ӧ˵ȷʵӸҩһͲ֣̫˿ˣһ㶼ǸŵʲôһӲԡ
ӦɵĹעڰҪСҼϣС˵öԣɹеһ㶼ԼϳԺѺ˵ģǹѺ죬ⲻ֡
ӦϺ룺ôٳûпܾģ˼⣬ͷˣ
С룺ǲҲ֪ǿ϶ˣ˵ĿҼǵãߵĿ
ĸµظ̾ҺСܳˣȻⱻѺ죬ʲôڶûˣڳйţֻס
Ӧе㲻ģ˵˴ĸһ䣺ʱ˵ʲôأСܻͺˡ
СȴͻȻõѽûпǸΪǮΪ˻ҵڣ
ô˵Ӧʡ
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Ӧȷʵô;˵ͨɵ㣡
ĸϸ̾Ҳ̫ݶˣǱˡ
뵽ͬŮϸܸͬܣҲ˲ƽʱͽСҵˣСҡ
СҶϱ֮һЦʱɺƽЭˡ
ӦϺĬĬذ˼飺ɣȵЩΪ˻СڣӴȥһ£ϾҪЩֻ¸ɹӵģСҾͰȫˣûʲô¡ҪΪСģֻûɹԺ󻹻ЩУǲò
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СҲò䵽˴ﶼȥڴҲҪǼš
ӦҲôãŮǧ
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ԣ֮ǰΪź˻飬ӦŻڣҼ޸أСҿ϶˵
Ӧеɣлɵķͺðˣ˶ңԷһĵطҲҪ顣
С˵Уʫ˶ţǲġ
ӦɽѶ࣬ڣȥǰѣӦܰæЩСӾͱˣǸö
С֣صú˵л
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ؤǽСҾӼõģҲʶССǰкүʲô£
Сһһӣǣ֪ɣǸиС㣬ǰҶţȥʲôˣЩˣ㿴˾Ͱ˳ǵĵϸ
ؤûôӣǽСǸɵе־ʣүΪʲôѽ
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ؤ˵ǽСҵ¸ˣǱḻǲýСôϾͿʼˡ
ؤҲûַʲôСﰵ˼ģѵǲ´ˣʫɵģ
СʫڱʹĿԻǺܴĸС˵СɣǻҪãҪ㣡
СС˵е£ʮֲ⣺ʲô˼
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181 Ʋ
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С˵԰ôû뵽ϣʫ޸أлٵСúĵĶǺҲаͰүǸƶĸԣ϶ҲֹضСҵİĽҽҲǲܵģǿΪ˱
Ҫֱȥ⼸ˣɣԺˣүҪȥؤȥԣ
ڶ죬СźүţؤǹȥүҪǮ˵˰°ˣ˱ͨˣҪǮ·
ؤе㵣ģү𣿡
УֻҪõǮǮǵģ
ؤǮã˳ȥˡȻֱӼүûǽҹܼҾͰˣʲôأɲҪǮĵط
ؤСĻװʮӲүǰµģڱͨǮ·أ
ܼһô󣬲רæȥү˵ˣүܼҵĻϸ˵û˰ʲô°ǹİɣǸ߰ɣǣҪǻ֣Ҿȥţ
ܼˣͳȥؤǼү˵ˣû˰£ǸϽߣȻȥţ
ؤһŵøϽˡߵԶСǣô
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СһӲðһ¸ӦûʲôϵȻϹá
ǽСοǣаѱǱ£˵İ죬ȥţҲܰǰȫȫ
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ԭƻʫԼȥƣǺؾܾˣʫʮΣֻԼȥƣڵƻԶԶأǰؾԶˡʫֻڵƻһֱ䣬߹ˡ
˭֪һ䣬ûط˽СҡʫΪǽСԼ˺أزŲϸԼƣ⼸ڼƢ
үŮŮģ͸үúعʫȻԸ⣬ֲֻܹˡ
СýӦǸûᡣ
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СһǸûᣬæؤȥٴһϷ
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ү֮ǰµʱҵˣȻеɻ󣬾ʣ˭Ҳʶ
ؤ˽СĶȻ֪ôӦԣүʶҪ֪ʮƻ¾ˡ
үΪΣб֪һؤô˵Ȼ֪Ǹ֪ˣǾʣǮǸô
ؤһ֪Ϸæڳһŵӣֵܲ˱ٸͨˣȥ֪ͨˣⲻһץסܲסϰǮǲǣӶ㡢Ҷã
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ؤû뵽ôǮݵĸˣģؤˣҲǣ׼װؤĸһߣҲǽģ·ˣԺ󲻹Լˡ
˵꣬ؤͽŵĨˡ
ȵԼĵطС͵Ǳߣô
ؤٺһЦһӣ
Сôﻹ֪ܲ¸Ѳ˸ϵǰ׼õӸؤ֮ͼҴˡ
Сصңÿ½Ҳڡ½֪Сƽ֮һֱĲ£ûҪУǣʮǰæ̫ˣϵ˽졣
պ½СҴҵ߽ǾͺסССżʲôأʲôҪҰæ𣿡


182 
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С˵Ȼȥ˵
½ҡҡͷϱǲΪ֮ȻӦ˵˵ǣҪ봦үͿ϶Ҫ˵ġϾүͷҪ봦Ͳ֤֤ܲȫСⲻ֤Ҫˣ
Сһ䣬еﻹô죿ôŹ˵֮֮ô
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Ȳ˵үģǲǣʫʫΪ˲ãҲǣ޹˵ǰˣӺҿ϶˻飬ӣػСңú𣿡
Сһ½˵еУҲУôСұأ
СһһȥӦɡ
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Сۼ⣬һ۾Ϳδķ䣬ˣȥŽСߣȵȵȣ⿴ҲҪи󵽰
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183 ٴ
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½½СǵԹæǰסС
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ǽСе棬㿪ʵôˣ£С𣿡
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Се;îʱ
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184 ŵл
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һʾƲ棬СлеªͿʽСңЩ𣿹ЩŻ᲻᲻ÿ
СҿЩƺҲеˣ˵㴺ǾҲǺܶ࣬С̾һ˵ǶͼذɣءҲû취ˣ˼õóĶֻ°׹ҲȱȱĶֻûġ
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СͺͽСڴš
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СĬĬ̾ŴͶǻ۹ȻģѾִҽԺˡһСңִҽԺûʲôѽ
СţδˡǽС۾ãһӾͿˣȻϽӭȥδˣãǸؿѪģˣͰˡ
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ȻδýСȥţδ·Сģְ˰ؿڸʽС۲ۡ
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С˿طҲе㲻ãϽӦˡ
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ܼǰС׾˵Լҹӵ䣬뽪СҺͽСȺԼȥˡ
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ܼҶŰ趨˸˵ҹӣ˵ǵлģá
˵һһŮģԼлͲµǽСҺͽСˣǸܼ˵ǵݵţ
ܼ˾ȥˡ
Ȱ赽ݵʱ򣬽СҺͽСѾݺȲˣƺȶͰһߡ
ǿˣϽһ԰һ񣺡л׹ӼԮ֮壬Ҹģл
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СҺͽСðԼǫ
װȰǣϽıʮŽһġҲʮ־ĽŰǵѵģҪôҾͲܰǵѣֻܰǸϳȥˡ


185 
СҺͽС֪˵ЦҲ֪Լô˼ҿܻ᲻Ǿˡ
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С֮ǰĻʮĵǸŭƽϢһ㡣
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СҺͽСȻͬ⡣
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С˵ЩʮԺԣԼģ׺һŪģǼȫ⼸Ǯء
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СϺԼˣòһ裬ԽԽġ
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ԭǳ緹ǼżȥͿһ£ùܼҰһѺһ̸Ǵߡ
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186 ͻ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôԽС׷ᣬСûҲջֻǼţ˵Сңл˵
СԼӣѱӻӵϣǺ˺ҲճſסԼϽߣÿû˵
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СҼΧ۵ԽԽ࣬һִˣֻ³ʣأʲôϽÿ
ױһóһյСңСңʮĻƣ͸ģԭҽ춼׼ȥׯˡ
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˵˻ؼң
һ˶ԽСҳ֣Ҳ˲ϲŽСңѻСҾˡ
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˵ƽʱȴһץסҪ㡣
ܻ˼ңСҺͽСҲ߶СϽݳ߰ɣСҶŽС
СҲһˣƵӦ˶ڽׯһʱϲ׼ҲУٰѰ׼ҳˣ˼ˣС֪ٲ߲ˣǸϽϳһӱӣ͸ųˡ
ȻǸոհѳߣҵĴžʹˣүżҶ˳ҵСȥˣ۸Ůôʰǣ
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СˣץȻҴǣߣ׷ǣүֻܺ޺޵һ䣬ȻżҶǻȥˡ
˵߼ææҸϣȶԽСҶ֡
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ǣԼϵİӡģӡ졢Լף
ߺع⼷ۣ͹̫̫ȥˡ


187 ״
桭ĸ˻ãȡȵġر˵Լ̫̫˵
̫̫һˣ𶼹˲ˣϽкԼĴӣֻһŻˣҵĸĸɱǧĴ㣿ָͷ᲻һ£͸ƣˣõȼȥү
ؿ̫̫ŭ֪ɹһ룬Ǻۺĸˡ
ذ㻹𣿻𣿡̫̫ĵʡ
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үܲޣϽȥĸӣǣ˻飡˻飡˻黹ȥң
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үһүˣϽǰҾ񣺡ҽŮ޷£ҲҹܹĻˡ
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үżҶȥ֪ոԼŮֹ۸˺أ⻹˵ã߼Ҿ൱ҶίԼ׻ôΪ˹ŮĻԼүϽⲻˡ
һү׶Ըˣ֪޷ˣֻܸˡ
֣֪ίҲʫˣʫڻأ
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ɣɣⲻǵġٶ࣬ҲòˣүүֻϺꡣ
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˾ôЭ飬үֺǺǵȥ̫̫ˡ


188 
߽СһصңӦϿŮ˾͸Ͻӭǣô˳𣿴ô˵
СشУͦ˳ģ˵ȼٹȥˣ
·ϽСҾͶСҪ·ϵӦϣϾ˵ӦҲôӦϵġ
Ӧ˵һ˳ľͰˣֿСŵĶʵϽԷɣЩʲô
СҸ˵ЩѣǸ׹лȥˣ׹Ǵģ
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Ӧεҡҡͷ
СҰýšϺͺ϶ڳæţҲڡ
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СӦϵΪҲֻܲ˵׹ӸĻˣҲõġ
һ۾ŹˣʱҲڣȻ֪ǸǮǸϽȥһץԹԴˣۣѣҾ֪׹һֿ϶Ǻö
ϼԼϱʵڲ񻰣ͰѶû˵˼ҸСҲõģ㼤ʲôɲЩ
ԭԼĸýСҰóû뵽Ϸ˻ҲܲĸĻֻ˵ֻǺˣ˭ȱѰ߿ˡ
СҼˣҲǸֵ£ǽó˴һ԰ɣû¸ܵš
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ϲģҲȥǡǽСҷŵ̫١
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Ӧɳһڸ֮̾ǰ˵ѵģΪʲôϡĶأСҵĸҿԹˣҲܸϻǴţֻѰʵڳԲߣСҰԺҪԼˣó
Ӧ֪ոյĲｪСίҲϽ˵öԣСѰǳʾͺˣԺԼ԰
С֪˾ҲǺ⣬ԼóǳԣֻȴӦˡ
ϣСҰʣµñ˸Ӧ͹ȥӦ⼸æúܣϵ˲٣СŸӦϲ
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СֲĸףֻܸӦ˵Ҳ֪ѳһûʲôõģǼҲԣⲻǳ˭Իһͳ˰ɣ
ӦͻợңȻһûʲôã˭Զһˣ
СΣֻ˵ϳԶˣⲻǿûôԾ͸ҳԲһġҪһһɡ
ӦϴӦˣȴֻھͷӣ⽪СҰȫˡ
ᣬȴͻȻţСҹȥţӦС
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ӦСüһ˵ĸСûôԶ͵ҹŰɡ
ӦССҾˡ
½СԭĪûеɣôôͷ
ԭǺ֪ԪϵʫΪظСߵĽŪģŰѽСҺӦСһӶ˺صͷСҾƽ¡
ϧӦСĸĴ㣬ӦСϲСңȢã˸ղŵһ
˭֪ϵһͷȴǳ顣
ڶ죬һ磬ӦϵķžͱˣСãСã
ӦϸϽ·ţӦСġ
ôˣôһʹҴææˣӦʵ


189 
ӦСһ·ܹģʱ򴭵Сãˣķˣ
ӦŵɫˣϽӦСһȥ
ԭӦϺͼŮһ£׼ȹ꣬ҲǹԪڰᵽ¸ǵԺȥ˭֪СԪϳ£ǺϵĸӰȥ¶ĸģû׳һûңӦĸӦӦϼס
˭֪ͳˡ
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ͷûˮࡢûиֽǷӶŴ׺ʯҲһճϼģŴ׺ʯҶοˮһ޾ͿˣӦϵСԺӾˡ
ϣĴ񿴼˾Ӧұš
˭ôȱ°ˮˣӦɲ鿴֪һһ˻
ӦϿһԺ۵ֻĨᣬԺҪ˸ǣ⹤ǮͲ٣ҲשͷˮһҹˣשͷǮҲء¸һСԺӲˡ
Сʵ᲻ǽңҲпܣ˻кң
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˵ڳ۲ΪԺӵµ󣬾ͰˣǾͿʼӦʰԺӡ
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ϣҲ֪˭ڴһҥԣӦûǮСԺˣǰѲֻĹóƭǮ
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СҺӦỹûҥԣСҲ벻ԭͰοӦ˵ҲֳȴǮɣ
ʱСر˵ҪУĶһ㣬ҪûʲôӾһ㣬ǮҲġ
Сô˵棬Ƿ׷׾ǸҥеȻСΪʲôҪûǮأ
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һӦϽõϱ͵͵Ӧ˵ҥ˵ôóֲΪƭǮԺӣ
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СҲУ͸񺰻ҿԳȥʹļ۸񣡱˼ǮǮ˭ǮΪ˴һǮҲô˵ġ
Сˣ˶˵֪ڴҥ˵ǼΪƭǮѹǰóˣǣҪΪƭǮΪʲôóеƭǮǾȥӦҿǻж磡ûҪΪǮƭңǳÿģѾֲҲó򣡻˵ƭǮȥԺӣԺǻסҷ𣿡
С˵꣬ҶеǶһϰѹһա
ӦϱŪģС˵ԺҪۣôֻԺΪ˱ǣ
СҲͬУصĵ˵ͷ
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Ǹϱ޸˴һõĻƣѣ˶ϱΪãÿѮŻһΣǷѾּҳȥΪỹûкӣʶϱƽʱڴֻҪûˡ


190 
ӦȥԾƣ»Ͼ޹Ҫ̷ŮҪƽҲĵúܡ
ϱ͸ӦӦҡſڰ⣬Ӧϴ˻æվкˣλǣ
ϱƽͰ磬Ȼ֪˭Ǻһģƽûʲô֪ϱϽҽܵӦ̫̫Ǵ嶫ͷǸҵȢϱûݼأһţ
еӦϽȥģôͻȻһ˻ҲʻʱǺϾкϱӴ濡ģһμϽ϶ϱϱ裡
ڳˣϽȥˮݲ衣ӦϸкһʹϱԼȥˡ
СҵˣϱŴҲ֪ʲôԭǽСҾȥѹ˳һ˹ȥ
ӦϼԼŮ˾Ʋˣ͸Ͻкϱ˵£ǳԻƣ
ϱҲ¸Ӧ
ƹѲ˹ζϱӦĵĿģӦϣ֪ҷʲô𣿡
ӦæԺӡ磬ܾûעˣȻ֪
ϱӦҡͷֱ˵ˣҰǼڿæˣϴβǸǸˣʲô½
½Ӧϻش
ϱȻ򣺡ԣԣǸ½ϴǲڰߵûˣӴǲ֪ĸǱ߶øۼһֽӲûǮ
Ӧе㲻ͷϱ˵˵ص㣬ͷ˲ˡ
ϱӦͷԲˣ͸ϽѻӲҼҺͷǸɽһأ׼ֹأӦΪƣ˵Ƿ˺öأ
Ӧе⽪ӾȻԼȥ˹԰
ϾʱȻŵ̽ƺ棬Ҳ֪ΪʲôӦȷʵˣǽȴûһѧġ
ǽû˻ƣôŪ԰ʲô
ӦĬĬֻҿ𲻳ˣ㻹ǵðɣҽȫƣǽ˵ʱҲ𣿿ϧûһѧģ
ϱʱҲǸӦѧƵģȻ֪ǸƲѧɽ˾ȻûһģҲǾò˼飬һЦһὪӵ㡣
˶ˣ⼸콪һһأϱһӣ
ӦϺˣʲôѽ
Ǹǳģ÷͵ּҺöǮǰҲ֪ôģȻ÷ⲻּ˲ˣ׷÷򣬾ҽҪǮҲǸģȻ㵽˽ңⲻּҸ⼸أ
Ӧϸ̾°
ϱƲƲ죬ظ̾ɲ˭֪ô
˾ô˵Ծƣһת۾ҹˡ
ӦϱԼһסһޣϱƴǵżûʲôҪչ˳ԾƵѾϹˣҪϲȥ˭֪Ⱥ฾ὲʲôҼǿӶоͲˣ
ӦԼĲ˳ҲУκҲûҵ˭ڱӦ˵ɣȥҲЩᡣ
ϱȻ֮ãֻ֮ǰ˼ڰˣӦԼһڴӦ
ǣӦϾȥһյϱ͵ҡ
˭֪ӦһȴͳЩ粨
ӵĹ԰ϱԺԱߣպýΪ˹æҹͺϱӦˡ
ӴⲻӦﰡôô˻ôظ𣿡䳰ȷ
Ӧûȥͨ飡ϱϳȥ
Ӽռ˸Ͻˡ
Ӧϱָ̾Һ㣬ˡ
ϱοӦ˵ûʲô˻ãҹˣϽȥϢɣҲллˡ
ӦϼϱѾңһˣ͸Ͻȥˡ
ת۵˶¡
¶̧ͷϰҪȥġӦϵֿʼһ
⼸Ϊӻû޺ãӦֻýСӦ棬ȻԼȥ֧һ̯
ͣϵ˳Թ֮رϲׯʹĳϣȻģĵҲ٣Ǵ󲿷˶ϲڵġڵȥ򣿵Ȼǽׯˡ
ʶڰ˲棬Ƶ̯ӡлӦϵãϾӦ翪ʼࡣ
ȵͷ£˲ŽˣӦҲ׼̯ӻؼҡ
Աߵ̯ǴӦϸ̾ӦֶŮã˵ôôģóж


191 
ӦһԤϵôʣȻ׼һ˵ǣҰʱҪԽϸԽóԣҾŰϸϧһʼϸܳһֱϣҾżӵ㼦ʲôģԿܲһ㡭ⲻǣΪҰɱЦ̰졣
Ҳ˳һʣʱȻʮȤҪ㰮ԣӪһһأ
Ӧϼ˵ûɣ;ԺҲô˵ˡ
Ӧ̯Ȼؼˡ
죬С棬ʣ˵ۣҲ´ʲô
պڳСҾʹ۹ȥϴ֡
ͷϲֿڲʣΪʳȡ棬Ͼʳÿ춼ԣиֺ֣ԼҲĲǡ
⸣ʵûʲô⣬۷㶹ɳڽȥȻϹСһⲻǾڰСҾͰʣµ۽ϣԼϰɳ
Сһ߰Ŷɳһ⣬һֱøڵİӣеһģأСһֱ벻ʲôأ˲е۰Ĵ
Сһ뵽󸣾סˣִԹһβݮ󸣣رóԣǽСҾһβݮ󸣣ڶɳɳҲһԣ
ǽСҾͳȥժһݮǲݮеļڣݮضǡ
СҰѲݮϴɾ飬ǰ˰²ݮζ
ǣŴ׷𣿽СͻȻҪһԭϣǽСҸϽ²ݮȥŴ׷ۡ
ϿСҶʣСҪʲô
ԴϴνСҰӦС֮ͶԽСҲ
СҲĸŴ׷𣿡
е֣ҪŴ׷ʲô
СҴģҿĸһģе񣡡
֪СҾֵֹĵӣǾȷԼĻȥҳŴ׷ˣɣɣǽпڸˣ
СҼĿ佱ԼҲæһϣпڸԶĸĸҲǿĸŵõĵġ
ʮãǾʽСңʲôҪ𣿡
СŴ׷۲ôպô˯ͷϽϣĸȻҰŴͺãҸһ˰ɡ
һӦ¡
ǽСҷˣϽȥ̧һͰˮŴ׷ۻ档һҪڽȥְŴ澾һһСš
ƤˣۿôأСеգϾԼֻ֪ôģȴ֪ϸڡ
ǣСֻܿڸĸ֪ʲô״ĶǿֱӳԵ
һСסˣ״ģ۳ˮȣ۵ǿֱӳԣеҭģҲ֪
СͻȻ˵ӣȻ۳˿ֱӳԣŴ׷Ҳ԰ɣǽСҾŴ׷۳ۡ
Сȥ˿ڸɾĹ˻ôأ
ϸģ㶵ĶŹŴ׷ۣ֪СҪʲôˣЦʣҪŴ׷۳𣿡
Се㲻˼ػش˵԰Ҳ֪ôҪ𣿡
ƽʱϲСرܸһ˵ӣɵ㶵ȴϵԵϷĻѹӹ˵⺢ӸһӣҲᰡɣŪϽȥŴ棬ѾѸϹˣͺͷȥһɡ
СҵһμôģȻ֮ãϽһ䣺ǰһкö಻Ҫĸأ
ȻϲСС͵ӣĵİｪСҳŴ档
СæŰŴŷϹ
֮Сַ˳ݮԼŪ˲ݮǴ󸣵ϿɲҺģǹѽôأ
СԼƽʱǣŰѲݮϹһܲòݮŨһأϾҲû취ˡ
ǽС˵ɾ͸ɣѲݮŵ
ϱ߳һ߿ŽСæе潪Сڸʲôɫǲݮɣôȥˣ
òݮŨһ㣬Ȼһǲð
ϸ̾ԭӰ鷳
СϰϵĺãҲʼⲻоĸȻİ
ԼҲиŮСѵõСŮ̬Ҳʮֺ棬͹ⶺҪǲô죿
Сװյ˵һôأֻҪѳˣ
˹ЦС̾ʵĸҲ㻵ֻ۶ˡ


192 
Цּ䣬ŴˣϵŴ桢СҵĲݮҲ׼ĲˡϾףŽСҰŪ
СңĸôŪѽһ߰ŴŴóһʽСҡ
СһһִĲݮһ߸ϱȻŴŰסݮڣȻԲһһţٰǷŵ⳴Ŵһ¾ͺá
һⲽ͸Сȷһ£ǰԲɣ
С֯ˣԣǰԲ
ϺͽСҾһһŴſʼ󸣡ֽȰһϿ˿һԲεͻȻʽСңĽʲô
СҼװ˼һ˵ĸе񣬶ǰװֵģͽд󸣰ɣ
̾˵ֺãֻǾôһ¾ͺ
С⣬ԼõӣǴԲԲģԲһӣҲÿ
ǽСҸ̣װһ𣿸ôŪѽ
ҲŴ󸣿һʣСң󸣰װ׵ģǿ԰ӣ
СеգҲᰡСҶֹһ򲻿ϣ
Ը£һᣬĿɿˣɣС㸺ڣۣ״
һ˰һûһͰѲݮڴ˳
СҿʣµĶɳڣԼҲԴһ£һ㶹ɳڵĴ󸣡
ʱһξ͵ϣʱͿϸСæģ˵ܻһ°ϸСҵĹϵǺϾԼĻȥúðġѾ˳Էʱ䣬ϺæʱǳԷ
ôæţԷˡϺǡ
պϰһֻ󸣣ϸϽŵĻæˣˣСǿȥϴ֡
СӦˡ
ȴҳСͻȻص˵ȱ߰ҺͶĸ׼˺ö
ӦϺŮҲкңСкöš
ǽСҺȥѴ󸣶˳
ӦСǺͯԣһĴ󸣣־ȥץ
ֵ˵һ䣺ȸ游֣ 
ӦСϲݮ󸣺Ͷɳʮ־²˵ϻر˲ݮ󸣻۾Ͷ䣬ֵġ
ӦϺ۴󸣣Цǵ𣬹־µģ
ϸ̾ڳæһأ
Ȥ׷󸣳ԡ
Ӧһݮһھʮ־ȣڡǲݮһûԹء
Ҳ׷׸̾ûݮڡ
ͷҶûԹˮڵĶϲǶɳˮڳˬûô塣
Ŵ󸣸̾״Ҳÿأ۾Ͷ䡣
С֮ǰϸӻ۾ʱҲô̾˭˵˲Ͷǻۡ
СҸϽҿ䣺״ǶĸģҶû뵽أǶĸɣ
Լĸ׸СҵĹϵãȳԵ˺óԵĴ󸣸ġ
Ҳڿ䣺СҵӶ࣬ϱɣǺúӡ
СҲ˵ĸֹӣҳ˷أҪûĸҲ
ӦԼϱôܸҲʮֿģϱܸɣⶫд𣿡
Сһش˵ԣд󸣣
ӦϺ棺ô֣
Сҽ˵ǿĵģͽˣǲǸú񣿡
Ӧϸ̾˵Ӷ࣬Ժһء
˷׷׶˵á
æ˺ü죬µȥˣӦϺͽСЪһЪú޷ˡ֮ǰΪ¶⣬Ҳæ桢棬ûоæӦ㣬ûӺɡ
СţԼҲ⼸죬ǣ͸ӦϽȶޡ
С֪ˣҲãŶǮܰѷ޵ĺÿ㡣С˵ǰγŶ¶һ㣬СҸǸ¥ֶķӣСס¥ϡ
ͷ¥һƽֻҪñ˵ĿשͷУҪǸǶʵĵשͷ۸Ͳһ룬ﶼǵƽû˸Ƕ㣬ʶû˻޶¥ǻҪӱĵطˣ⹤ǮҲҪöࡣ
СȻ֪һˣǸϽƴ˵𰡣סƽС¥һסء
Ӧ̫£ӣȻȥˣﻹǱһҪ˿Ӧ֮ĸˡ
ӦҲͽСһȰСҵǾ޸СԺɣҲˣҪ͸Ƿֿһ㣬ҲûѾίˣ޸¥סɣ


193 ҿ
С˵¥Ҳ̫ˡ
ӦЦ˵û£СֶŮҲסԺ˶࣬޸ߵ㣬ס£
СҿӦϺòҲˣͬӦС¥Ĵ㡣
СӦͬС¥͸ϽȥԱߵޣ˼ط˼ʵשͷ
콪СֹשͷһλţСӭһԭŵˡ
˵ϽСȥשͷպúֵˡ
źͽСҺȻʶСҲΪԺӳģû뵽˽С
ž͸СѵⲻǽСֵǷӰ
С֪ԼҵĴˣҲҵϽŻ񣺡ĸС¥ͳˣû뵽ôӡ
е֣֪ҵģլҲСԺ˵ӦǹסģҲû˵ǷʲôģôͻȻҪǷأ
ֱˣСֵܳשǸԼǷ𣿡룬ĿǽСҪּҵˣǨʱҪǵø͸ӡ
С˵ҷּҵ׺͸׺ˣǼӸ׹ǾӦׯǱ߸Ժӡ
֪ʧԣϽǸǸֵܣҲ֪
СʱѾˣϾͽǸ˵Уеûء
ǽС˵ʵǼҳ󲻿û˵¡ҵ£׿۾ͺˡ
еӦˡͷŮиҺģοΪɷϳ֣Ϊɷ£ӦϻһŮӰ
ͻȻӦˣųŽСȥ˵ʱڷȥһ˽ׯǱ߰ɡ
ڷе֣ȥʲôׯ𣿡
̹׵ȥ
ڷֲֵܣֻӦˡ
ſС׼שͷߣϽס˵ֵܣȵȣ֮ǰ֪ҵ£ڼȻ֪ӦŰݷһ£ţղײգͽɣպðשͷȥ
ڷŽճǽ峵ģһŽСשһּשͷ
Се㲻ϵĻбҪȥ𣿵ϵӦϺͽСҲĵĶ࣬Ҳ̫£ͻͬźڷˣ鷳ˡһ߰ɣ
СȴȰźڷֵܴӦˣϾԺǱ߻ûɺã߰û취дˡ
պӦڼңźڷˣϽӭӣСˣλǡ
ƽʱҴ򽻵ǽСұȽ϶࣬ƽʱûҲҹܼңʶӦϲʶҹӣǽСһͻʶˡ
С͵λҹӣǵˡ
Ӧ֪ңеţһʱ֪ϲ軹ֱ˳Է
СӦϵĻңͶӦ˵ȴҹȥˣæϵʲôġ
Ѿ֪ǰŮӾǽСͽСҵĸӦϣ뵽ӦҲûʲôرҲǸĺÿ긾˰ˣͻȻеɺ
СǶ쵽ݣȻһ·еˣȥһϾ
Ǿˣźڷݡ
ڷ絹ͻȻ££ҲȥԼׯӣûסӣǣڷ²ؿʼˡ
ͷܸǵש߷ӦȻҾҲֻľסͷⶥҲƬǵݡӦǮ¸ԺӸӦңǺ᲻ⷿӾˡ
ڷ翴ⷿӣʰĻɾǽŻ޵껭ֻһӺͼŵӡ
żˣʧ뿪߰ɣҲûʲôôġ
ڷȴܾ˵ҪһȥСԺӰɣȻʲôš
е͵ŽС
ȽС·ͿźڷںȲ衣
Ƕ˿СվͽС
˫໹񣬷ֱСֻȿڣλӣȻһ߳Ը㷹СʮίҲ֪ҪʲôֻûһˣСҲ֪ȥˣӦǽСҳŶ԰
ŲǺڱ˼ҳԷڷȴԼӦˣǾ߶ˡ
Ÿ㲻ԼֵʲộҲֻ̨ܲһЦӦ˵Ǵˣ´СϣҪһ֮ꡣ


194 Ʊ
Сˣԭֻ˳ڿŵλˣ˭֪ǻ¿ˡˣСֻдǳһ緹
պӦϹһӸǣС͸Ӧϣλӳ緹׼һ㡣
ӦϾʹӦˡ
Ӧȥ˳˿ĶѼ򵥳˼СˣͻȻˣûʲôλүҲûָũСԺԵʲôɽ亣ζǣɫҲ̫ѿӦϰ콪СĲݮ˼һ˹ȥ
ŶũҳԷȱȱϾСǽģʲôɽ亣ζûԹأֻ׼ԸԸˡǣȴݮץס
ݮ״ģ⻭۾Ͷ䣬ʮ־¡
ûȲʽСʲôþ¡
С͵Ŵ׺ͲݮģŪµģд󸣡
ڷһ£һһֻ󸣳
ڷ̾ھȻǲݮģûˮڵĹӣСȻޥģ
Ҳ̲ס̾˵óԣ
Сϲ˳ԼãǾкǣֻһҪϲһǰߣҲõڳġ
ű󸣹ʳϽһƬԳԣһŶԽСҿʼ
ԭ֪͹ƣӦϵķ֣СֻǸܸɵĹŮû뵽СҲôӣ˵ɣʶݶ㣬óԵļֱҪͷ

һٷνǱǵȳ극źڷҪȥ¸ǵԺӿʱ򣬽СûκԥʹӦˣǵøǰһһߡ
ȿ쵽Ժӵʱ򣬽СԺ˵߽һԭǽСҺ½١
СʶֵܵģϽǰкλӹ٣ԣǸҴʲô𣿡
ڷȿ˵˵ǰˣŵģڶϾˡ
СҼ״Ҳᶩ£½˵һԱ㣬ʹֵܿ޵СԺˡ
ۼ⿴ǱɵĺۼʣԺ֮ǰиǹʲô𣿡
СҸ˵֮ǰ½һСԺӣΪǷˣһˣ
ŻȻ˵ѹҪʵשͷ
СҼԼʵשͷ⣬ҲǺйϵ£ûͣװĬˡ
źڷԺ￴һ׼ǣϾģСҲæҲ˼˼̫á
С͵ſڣѰõĴ͸ǾͺǸǵҲûʲôöе⣬Ǳһߣ´档
źڷ֮ǰµģʹδĶǳ׸Ĺˣ룬תһڹֲݸС˵˵Сֹб
СйũµҲǿϾͷũµͦѵõģͰһգǹָ
߽СźڷֵܣЪһˡ
½ټ״е˵ôӣǺеϵôԴõģ
СҼСԣɵʧЦֻܺ˵úúãԺ󲻸ˣ⻹е󸣣Ÿ͹ȥģˣʡһˣ
½ټҲԼһݣϲЦտ
СҼ·Ҳûʲôˣʹ½ٻصӦңȥѲݮó½١
½ҲǵһμôµĵģСԺҪ
СӦˣ½ټ״ĵˡ
պýСźڷСڣͰѻǱͳСҡ
СҼе֣һͷֱܴҲֻźڷˡһ䣺ҸôôصĶ
Сʴ˵԰ԭҲҪǹڹֲģҪˣпջصˡ
պӦϹе棬ýСùһҪӦϷźüƱϸһǧ֮ޡ
Ӧϴ󾪣²µģǸϽȥɣ
С룬ǵֵ˵Ժ֮ǰʱɫеӦԼûǮŹԼƱġ
ǽСҸӦ˵ӦòµģͻȻֻ¾Ϊ˸ƱֻûǮðɡ
Ӧе㵣ģǷôǮá
СҲǷǮе㲻ãʱȻⲻ˲ٵԺӵȷҪһǮϵǮ


195 
СȨ¾ӣǼȻٽӣӦþǲղôġҲù˼ⷬ⣬ӰɣԺȥˣҪӵĵط̫ˡ
ӦϵĵȴֹЩӦϿ˿ŮСֵ֪Сʹ֮ı֣ûӦøŮ˵һ¡
Ӧ֯һԣȿʽСңֵô
СұӦʵеĪ˵ƱأôͻȻˡ
ʹ㲻СҲϸش˵ǰаɣͦŵģ˵ǼӻͼӻҲͦ׼ʱġ
ӦϼŮ˵ȫе׸ϹӿĸоЦã˭ôˣʲô
СҾӦôӦǵǮ֮鷳ǰοӦ˵ģϿڱҷõǮǲʲôȦס
ӦϼŮһֱûԼ˼ֻܴĻֱ˵ǵǵǲǶǸ˼
ӦϵĻýСסˣⶼʲôʲôѽԼֵֻΪԭӴΣôԼ׵Ǵȶˡ
ССҰɲϲǡ
СҵĬ±ƵĺˣСֻܽ˵ʲôѽôᡭҲϲǵġԣҾûϲˣϹʲôѽ
Ӧе㲻˼⡭ⲻǺǡĹȥ٣ǳһ˲ţֲƴֵذǣǴİ
СҳˣǶЩʲôԼͶĵˣϾԼǸûδʶСɡ
Ϊ˷ֹٷСֻܸصҲϲ˭ģô˵أ
ӦϿŽСࡢĿİͰ˵еۣ͹ȥｪС˳˳߽С˵Ҳ˵ʲôֻǸĲʡϻ˵šľľšǼȻڿʼ˵ǮǸ˵ٵļ廹ǲ̫ԶˡǼô࣬˶ǷǶ࣬ίǼһܸ
С֪꣬ӦĵԼȥˣ֪ġҲӦִ壬ҷ˿ڼ򵥲Źס
ӦϿСҲǷԼӣڰġ
ǽСôֵؾ̸ԼĻ£˵һ䣺СҼҵľ˵ԼĻ£
Сһػʲôúģһӵأ˵Ժô졣Ǹģҿ϶ܸҸţҸɩӡ
صǽСе㲻ˣСͽСߵеὪСֺߡĪǣСǷﵹһùԼŴһǡ
⣬СҾʱȥ̽̽ߵķԼҴӦҲּɵİɡ
ӦС˵һӵ¡ֻԼ˲˴뱲ӣҺڶŮǶãиָֻǱĲһôõĶŮˣӦϳ˻̵ӣС˵öԣһӵ¡СҲЦͷ٣޺㰡ȢҲҪú࿴ɲԼҿһúõĳɼҵ
СӦиУæӦ
СҲϽοӦ˵ףģǼɶѹء
ĸӼֿ
ϽݾͿĸӼ˵˵ЦЦӦϣ˵ʲôأôģ
СղȻ٩СңֻΪ֪СԼǰʮִ󵨣ȴĽСҺǽС˵˵ո͵ֵأǿСҵĴ󸣺úá
Ҳ̾ЩȷʵãСܸˡˣҸոտھľҵĹˣҪҪȥһֻ
Ӧе֣ôúõͻȻˣ
˵ⲻҪȥ·һԺʡЩ߰ǡ
˶һһյľ۾ӣ罪ׯ˶սӦׯ˶ӦӦȥսǱסҲûսȥӦׯĵӦӦļȴսʶ߶е㲻ӦϾѡڽׯӦׯмԺӣׯӦׯСĻҲûʲô
ֻǣӦׯζ뽪ׯҲԶŽҲȷʵ
ӦϾ˵ѡһֻɣǴСҲһЩ


196 ֹ
ӦϺͽСҽСûʲôƫð绨ɫʲôģʵҲһľǱ߱ǳȥҲǿԵġ
ӦûʲôƫãСóȥ鷳СҲľҵĴ󹷳òСӦҲȥ
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²֪ôڷֵ֪ˣڷҲŹ˵԰æôõأվ硣
ǽСҲ֪ܰæٹ磬ʶҲ֪ôٵأôǰ
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СҰο˵ѾҺܶˡ֪ڹ粻Լ򲻵ģİٶѾĺˡ
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ÿ˶ǵĽӣҲˣֱ˵ԼĴ㣺ÿʮ꣬һٷ֡ʣµļ꣬ǮҪֲ粻ɻҪǴҵ綼ɻˣʣµ㵽һ棬һ֣
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ͿʼĲˡ
Ǯ׼СңǽСȴˣøңǰ׹ӵġ
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˽ˣ׼ǣ˭֪ڷˡ
黹û꣬;æ
룬ڷ粻ֹһСβ͡ء
ԭ˵ڷ磬ŽսСҿ϶æǺؾȥڷ磺ڷһȥɣҲȥæ
ڷƴǵҪ㣬ǹˡ
ؼڷ粻ϴԼԼ˳ڷĺͷһˡ
ڷԼ˳û취ֹֻȥˡ
صһֹСڣ边ȻҲڡ
ԭûʲô飬ʶ衣ϴ֮󣬺ؾ;е㲻ԣСģôͻȻˡǺؾԼҵļҶȥ顣
һ鲻ҪؾȻ֪СȥҰģڰ׼÷ˣ⻹ô˵ãؾԼһ㽪СңȻ˭֪Ǹհ׵Ĵʲô⣡
ʶգزŷҪŰｪСҷĵڹϧҲڣͻȻ˲õԤС
һ磬ʮֻϲӴǾܶһˡ
Сǰлһڷ磺лˣǽǴȼü󼱰
زϲСҸԼ˵ڷҲУǺӲ嵽СҺڷ֮䣬ŽСҾҪߣСңȥ簡
СΣϴκʫʱԼ᲻ܲӣǽСֻܸźˣ֮ǰڷ籧ǸһЦ
ڷ֪صԸ񣬲İڰ֡
Ǳ߰ѾʼˣСҲ˼ðһæ͸ϽȥæزֻԼһԸɵۡ


197 Ҫ
˵ĶϾһ㣬ܿˣСҶ԰л鷳˰׹ӣҪæ򣬻Ҫ鷳æ
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ؼòװѽСҺڷֿð裬θôȥǽͻȻؿСҶͷϵĺ⡣
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˵ͰԼӵ˹ȥ
СҲߵ̫ƴ˵Լӣͷˣ˵ͳԼ־
ؿСξܾԼʮֵ䡣
ڷ磬ÿֵܷʮ꣬ʱǹæһˡ
磬ͿʼǷַ粢Ǯ
֮ǰýСǮ֮ǰҥԣСҾͲ̫մǮǮֱӸڷ磬ӱܱҲͦá
ȻǿСûǮʮǮֱӸڷˣȷСȷʵûдǮֻǰ硣
СҺӦϵڴбࡣ
ʣ¼磬ԼԼǮ
ôȴһ⣬᲻ֲȻһûԻʱͺ鷳ҪѹڳӺ˵ĸϵֲҲѳɻ
С˵ģִˮ༼ŪһдȻŪױ硣
еԥ綼ܳɻˮˣ
Сȴʮ㣺ţҪǲɻҵġ
˽Сҵĵȥˡ
ߴǻϲأǱȴǳƲ
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֪粻ȷʵ𲻳ƣͲͷػӻ֣֪֪ˣ
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ӲȥѵȥһûʣأαȥӦϵɫ
ʮԵãʲôɫӦϺӵĵܲ簡ûʣ£ǣнСһСȥһҵģҲˣ
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ϺԶȾƵΪѾˣκһֱţ˵ʲôΪﲻģһӾͺˡϺӡ
ϵ׿ϣϺһѰѽϵľƺڵϡ
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ɿһ־磬ģƬǣҲ͹˹ҪǣɣҪˣȻĸϲϽˣ
һĻˣȻղĵ˵ӦϻóǡûףһӦϲ磬ǿô죿


198 Ҫ
ǶǧĴԼȫҶ˶ġ
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ˣֻҪԼѶ𽻳ʲô˵
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죬½ڲһֹ磬ŸС
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ŰһϵףСҰˣ
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СҲһ԰ǻ˭ûֻһ
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֮ǰû£ôһȴԽ֤ˡ


199 
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Լ֮ǰԼǼˣȥ׽黹թӣµģ
ȫȻǵãϴԼν׽ֻڴڿӦϺ½飬νĶթҲԼȶִˣ⳥ҽҩѰˡ
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ɿᶼΧˣһȦߺ˵ҿɿ˰½ӦܣڽׯأҪŮ˵Բԣ
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ǽָŽСǮҪ磬ҽһˮûˣСı
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ϺŶӿֻ֪ûɣҲٽѵˣֻǰѽ쵽ԼҿճԤֹĵ￴
ӿԼҵĵضţԱ߱˼ҵĵ϶硣
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ѵؿԼڵΣˣҲΣӦϲ磬ԼҲȥֹˣôأ
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200 ĵ
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İɻӭȥˣϽ緹ɣⷹˣ๫أôû
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ԼΪʲôͻȻرڣˣԼҲֻܼŽˣȻԼΪͨѾˣҪǽٰԼߣԼɾ޴ȥˡ
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201 ִ
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Ӧϼŵʣˣҿ˵磬ҿʲôԭҪҾͰǮ˸㣡
ûлȻҲû磬Ȼ۲ӦϵǮǻƴ˵ˣҶˣ
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һ˾ʹȥҡ
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ӦҾ͵仰أǸϽ˵˵ڵ磬ֱӹȥɣ
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202 
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ΣֻԼȥˡ
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Ӧ˲ӦϾͬˣÿչӣҪһߡ
ͷˡ
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ϵĳȷʵҲΪһ룬ֻȴûöԷ


203 ӦС
ҪǼҳſԣҲԸ⹩һǲҵǮлߣ
պýɻˣлʲôģҲеһֱҪԼûȥлԼ㲻þͿˡ
ΪӣȻܳԼˣֻӲʲôлߣֻλ˿°ˣֻһТ
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ϺԼӱ򻵣ϽȥӣϧڱŭУֻڵϸɺʲôӴʲôӴ
ھӶڽԺ￴֡
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С˵ˣȻʮֿģ͸Ӧϳˡ
ʱӦڷʽҪˡ
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204 ¼
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Ѿ߼ԼСô˵æӦ
СִϤһӵãң鷿˷˷ȵȡ
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205 Ұ
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СҼӺĲԳɹˣͿȥϢˡ
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ʹһڵĸˡ
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Ѿܽˡ
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ûһˮˣҲ۵󺹣СҼ˸˵Ӧô֪ôػ˰ɣӣԱϢһȥǱԺõ¹ҽ
˸ɻ͸Ͻƴ˵СҲۣҿŻ𡣡
СҼҲˣԼȥ¹
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кõҰ¹СҼæĲˣͺѾߡ
ǿŵ࣬Ұһ¹ˣȥ̵ĿǽҡϽСҾˡ
˵˰֣ӾͺùˣСȻһִ˵оӣȴųʹˣֻҪ澵˸͹ʵִ͸ķҲûʲôǸ㲻ЩԽﶯͲ˵ŮǣǻԼ¸ɡ


206 
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ⲻϸ»һɣЩǮСԺӡ÷ˣҪ׼Ǯ͹ȥɹ÷ơ⣬쵽ˣǲǿ󸣳ȥ
СԼԽģбͷĸо̫ˡ
ˣ¡С㣬ԳԷˡ
ԭǣˡУȥȥɡСұʰ˱˵
ȵ˳ԷĿӦϺͽССԼӦСѾǱߵˣְһԲӶǳԷǽСڸбףҲҺͬԷټϴҲΣأ߶ãⷹϵĶһġ
ӦϿСҵ˸Ͻк˵ôӲôæʲôæ
СӦϵӸӦ˵أ˳ⶩ⼸µ³̡
ӦϸСʢһȺһ㣬ŵŮ࣬Ӧ˵Ҳ˳Է㰡ǲ̫࣬˵һҸһ
СҲǻ˵԰ҺСҲܰæ
СһϽԽС˵ǺúÿɣҺﹻˣҪʱһ˵ġ
ӦҲôӵС˵öԣǸϽú飬ţǼҲ帣ءСҲǣӦҶء
ӦС鲻ԸشӦһ
СӦСǿֻкӦС࣬Ͼ֪ӦСϲ飬ȴҲû취ǸĸȽлȨ
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С˵ôôţһʱˣҪϲڵġ໹ҰҲӵ߲˾ˡ
Сһ룬к˵аԺ϶̵ɣЩûζ
Сϲ˳ԼĶ͸ϽŵаСҪǲϲԺҾͶʲôƬࡢࡢʲôġ
ӦϼаҲģֻǻǶСҲҪԼ
Сں˵۵ﰡİɣԺ첻سԣ˵ǼӶˣԸͺˣҾͿԶָ
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Ϊ׵һ켱ˣӦӣӦӣήˣ
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СһͿҶȫˡǣСҾͶ鿴һʣ֣ʪҲв̫Ҳ̫ʪ
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С÷һСԼСڲ˵°ڳ鿴
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˼ˣϽʣһûأ
СЦŰ˵ģһȦɿݵ綼˵һǮġ
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Сʣ˭ˣٴȥɣ
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СҸ˵ɣǸһȥǮЩɿݵȱӣţȹһʱ˵ҪǳɻˣӻվɸǮȴǲˣ𣿡
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һǮԺҲֻҪϽӲûǮʮֿģ׷̾Сĳ
һǮ˻ȥС۵ֱˡһ˰ӣԼʮĲһ
СҶԸԼֵ˵ȥɣȥ˯һᣬٽҡ


207 ص
ϧСҸ߽ңˣС㣬ҹ㡣
Сֻ¥ȥ͡
صݣһС߹۾Ͻ˵Сˣ
Сʣ𣿡
ؼô䵭ǻƶȥСҵӡ
СȻΪ֮ǰڴάԼͲ˼ȴǲϲԼ
СһӰѺػӿ˵ң
һֱڽСߣСˣϽڽСǰȵҹأ
ؼеڨڨɫͷСҵǸ˵ǸҡҲǹġ
СҼҲȥϲ衣
Ѳڻˡ
Сʣʲô°
ſ˵֪Ա𣿡
С룬֪Ա⣬Աʳģͦ󣬵ԱǱ治֪
ؿСҡҡͷֻܼ˵㲻֪ˣԱģչ÷еҼˡ
źָСҵǸ˵ԲСңҵľҲˡ
û£˵ҾͺܸмˡСҰο˵
һ˼ҿʼչ÷ʲôԶۺԼǮס˰
ؿСҶŲ߶߶Ų˵ΪûеĹϣż˵ǿ϶Ϊƺ⣡
СҰο˵֪÷ƻģϵˣ㰲Ѿ뵽ӦԷˡ
ؼеĿѾﵽԭٺͽС˵лϧΪ֮ǰͻһֱضرҲ˼Ͳ˾ˡ
С֪Լͨ籨ŵģʮָмҪǣȥ
ȴ̫ͦ󣬾;ܾˣ˵æ˺ܾãϽȥϢɣҪ˲֪ҾˣʡĴϢҲǲ·ûҪҡ
СҾ˰һ󸣸شߣԼͲˡ
شŴ·ׯ
ׯͷպмк죬պ˵ǽСǮǡ
Ǹ˵ӦҪǮɡ
ϵǸ̾˵һô껹ûô˼أ˵ǮǮˣ

Цл̾ӦϵĺСҵܸɡ
֪ԽԽãزɵΪСҸˣСҾô࣬ӭҸˣ಻װ
ϧԼܣСҵľ뷴ԽԽˣֻ֮Լ
һΪСҿһΪԼ̾
ҲԼӦҵˣȻԺĽСҾԲԼˡ
ǰչʳȥ¥أȥչ÷
ãֻܶԼܰаһ½Сң
ش͸ϽӿŲȥҸˡ
СȻںǰŲæʵϻǵĹӵ¡
һҲϢϽȥдѯӵ顣
Сдžйһнŵͽȥ׼ҡ
Ž֣صضԽСұ֤˵С㰲ģһȥء
С˵·㣬ǵðѻŴ
ǽŵֽſúܣûһʱͻˡ
߽С˵߹ӵгȷʵһ·߸ߵģǹӵȴãԲ̫չȶҹ԰
Сҿ΢ġ
һ뵽ҲʼƣСҾеסȥС˵ǽ㿪ʼչӰɣ˵ϵĹöҼ۸߸ߣŪþҪȥչˡ
СʽС˵ҪҪҵˮȫˣ
ӦҲֹӵģֻǰСҪ٣ӦԼǴԽСûȥӦùӡ
԰ӦҲйӣСһĴȸС˵԰Ҷˣɣȥһ¡
Ӧ˽Сҵ뷨еԥ˵⹫Ӧÿʼˣʣ¶ٲ˵ɣҸһȥһˡ
ӦϾʹŽСȥӦҡ
ӦǱ߸պúڣӦϾԼ˵ˡ
һ˵ŮȱӣϾż˵⺢ô˵һֻ֣ʣһ룬ȥȫ£
СԭŹȫ˵ʵã˵ʣһȻϲ
żֱӴӦĸŮȥ˹԰
ӦϺָժӣԼ޴ŮŮˣժ˼ӸСҳԡ
ĹӲũҩģֱӲȥҾܳԡ
ӦϺʣСôˣʲô𣿡
СҾͰȱӵ˵ˡ
ӦϺʣȱЩ
Сһһʯӣ÷Щ


208 ӦҶЭ
ӦϺ˵ʯͦ࣬ӣʣµȫˣȥ˵ҲǴ⡣ֻ÷ǼȴûС
СҼܽˮҲͦģ˵лл⹫
ӦϺСҵͷ˵ʲôһˣ˸ʲô𡣡
ӦȴҪӦϺӦһҪǮҪǮ
ӦϺһ˵ʲôǮԼʲô
㲻ǸǶСֶСֶŮˣҪңҾͲҪĹˡӦȰ
СҲǻ˵⹫˵ҪΥԼɡ˵ҪǮ
ӦϺΣǡ
һ뵽ԼͶǿܲ⣬Ƕϱȴô˵ҺˣˣֻͬǮ
ӦϺͺ϶СҺӦϳ극ӦҲƴǾʹŮȥҳԷˡ
ӦϺŮиĴ˵ʯӣҶСң
ӦʡӣҲǱ𣿡
Ӧ˵Ƕȥˣǻûߡ
ӦϺ˵ԼҪȻǸԼˣ˵ûˣ˶ٲǮˡ
˴ʧɫҪǮ
Ӧϰοɩ˵ҺͽСһǮġ
ȴǵĵӡ
С֪ʲôдЭ顣
ӦŮ˵дʲôЭ飬һˣ
Ӧȴе˵дȥֵӦõģ
СҲ˵дһ£Ҳá
ӦϺӦֵŮû취ֻͬдЭ顣
ϵɫںˡ
СҼӵ½ˣԵĻͦġ
Ȼص˼ӦдЭ鿴ֿ̾˵дðҶû뵽ҲҪдЭһ족
С˵Ҫѧдҽ㰡
Ӧƴ˵ҶôˣһˣҪѧ⹦򻹲Ϣ
СȰ˵𰡣ĴˣҲҪ˵ģҪǲа
Ӧ˾еýСпսԼ
ҪпհһʶˣЭ飬ҽȽʶЭϵ֡
ӦȤЭʣһʲô
СָЭһһȶӦҳإգСҴӦҶӣʯʮ
ӦϸŽСһһֶʵӦǸܴˣֻСʱûϹѧŲ֣СҲŽһᣬӦϾͰЭϵʶ߰˰ˡ
Сȥ鷿һױīֽӦϷ䣬ְֽӦձʡ
ֻУҪúѧôдȰЭϵǰдʮ飬ддΪֹҿȻٸ񡣡
ӦϿŮһЦ˵û뵽һˣҪѧãСʦҪúýң
Сһ룬ⲻŮﵱʦҲʮֺЦ͸ӦһЦ
ӦϵڶͿʼд֣дǡҳ¡֡
ֶѣӦϱϾûϹѧһձ˺ܾãòסˣӦϾԥԥɳ±ʡ
СԭǸģӦϾøϰ־е˷Ѳá
С룬ȥ˸̣ȻϴɳӦɳñд֡
ӦϿ۾̾˵ãӾˡ
СҿӦϿģǻӦ˵տʼôɳӺֽϾһдҲһÿɳǻҪֽдһᡣ
ǣӦϾɳϰд˼飬û˾Ϳʼֽ֡
Ϊ£ֽʱȽԥʻһŤŤӦϿ˳̾һ
պýС¹ӦϣƿžͿӦǰü
Сǰ˱£ʣôˣôģ
ӦóԼŤŤϰָСҿСҿֽŤŤĴ־߰˰ˣСҰοӦ˵һʲôأССдֵʱʲôӵģõ
ӦʵѾŻˣǻǸ̾˵ϰ̫ˣһΪҶٵˣôŶѧĺһ㡣
С§Ӧϵļ˵ϰֱǺѵģǴ壬ôˣдֵмǻдԼֵм
ӦһҲǣׯӦׯԱߵׯׯӼܶдֵһֻ־ˣЩֻдԼֵҲʮ
Ӧϵɫûôǰˡ
СٽοӦ˵ÿдԺҲܶдֵˣɱȲӶˡ
ȻСΪһִ˲ΪһŮǿִѧŮԱԶˣӦȴһ׼ĹŴˣôǱȽӦϿĵġ


209 
ӦһȻɲҲֹдԼˣд֣ɲǱǿˡ
Ӧ꣬ĸŮһЦ
߽СҺĸŮڣǱ߽ȴǳƲ
Ȼ˵ӴӦ˲ٹ磬糤Ĺֻһʮ̳ľƣǧĶҪľԶԶ
˵ӦһӣǸƵӵĻȥӦˡ
ǰһ룬Ͼ֪ӦǽСֱʡ
СҶȱˣǿĹӲҺѲ
ϲһˣϽȥӵ¡
⼸쿿׶ˣһӲҲе㷢֮ǰѾȥˣгϵӣ̫ˣһ֣𲻳ƣҼ۸Ҳ󣡡
һţ߱ż˵ô찡ûӾ𲻳ƣûƾû취
ӳһ˵ȻҹȥԶĵطɣ
һҲֻˣũҺûûǮأ
߻ΪӷӦǱȴѾʼ׼ˡ
ãƾСҺӦ˿϶æ㽪СͽСڿʱҲԶԶ
ǽСҾ˹ơ
ӦҲŮŮ̫ۣͰѴƵ˶ҹǮǰæơ
Сҵ˲οӦһҪд־ݣ֤ѷ⴫Ҫ֤ƵĳɣԭܳپƶǲģСҴֻǽӲҪΪİѹˣǿɾˣǮʧΣҪ򲻵Ӿˡ
ӦûҪдЭ飺СҰǴƣ˼һ᲻˵ǲ鰡
Сȴ˵УҪҲдЭ飬ֻǽ̫ˣ밡⹫Ǳ߰ʮϿͻˣ˼һأ
ӦһԼǱΪ˰ӣʮ궼һֱ˶ˣѵãȷʵñΪĻʲôԭͰѹӺȥ
ǩЭ콪СӦƤԼѻˡӦϺ½СһסӾæ
Сȴܾ˵ãԺʱȥˣǲ鷳ԼԣҪ
ӦϿŮᶨСŽСҵͷο˵ǼҽСҳˣãȥԡ
СǵзԾԾԡ
СȰҰ֪ͨһԼҪƣȻƾ˼ϵһ
ΪǻʳȴƣСóһСֹӸһԡ
ȹ쿴³ɹ˵
죬˴ԼĳɹˣСһһȥ϶ɹ
СҶ˵ҵնӣЩǮһ̳ļ۸չˣԺҲҳǳֻҪﵽ˳ҾͶչ̫ߵģһ̳һǮӣҪǳƶģÿһ̳ҶһǮ
˷׷̾СҵĹǮĺ
Сҳ˻˵ǾɣԸȥǱдְӡ¿һ͸¶ȥҽǵķҲܸˣҪǸˣǾҪ
˷׷״ӦʹŽСдõԼˣһһӡ
£ôˡ
Ƶиȥ֮СҾϾҲûʲôҪȥˣܸɣԸһͻѻɵƯƯǼ͸ǽˣСż䵱ĽɫС
ջǼ£ӦˡӦϺǴûͰﳣõЩʶ߰˰ˣӦʵսһ£ͰѽСͷʺ͵ǼǵĻƽӹɡӦȻ̣ı취һ㣬Ҳǻġ
ǣСҾͰ˱ӦӦȥæպùһѧ
СǣӦϸɼѧ˾ͽӦϾžų˷ʽ㷨ǿɱ̼ˡ
С˵ˣʵҲûرĵȥϢ
Сһǵ֮ǰع˵Աչ÷Ƶ¡ȷʵСϵϾ÷ֻʤûʲô뵽ȴûʲôŹϣֻҪ֪÷ԼһԾԳҪоֵġ
СԺصʱ˵Ӧ֮ʵϲûУú֪̫࣬ʡϹżȻϲҲòϺضûҪúһѹ
ʲôӦ֮ҪƳƷǣСҾͳſеü죬뿴ûʲôƷ
СһԿһˮƣˮﻹʲôƵأ


210 Ͼ
ƵˮҪζĻĶԣˮζҪأ֭ˮҪࡣ
պ죬ӦϿŮڷһһ϶˸Сҳԡ
СҿŰɫ޵ϣɫ֭ͳڽСԺУСͻȻˣҪԾե֭ȣߵ˺񶼲ե֭ȵġ
֭԰ζأϵ֭ˮѽ
СҲ˲ϳˣϽԼǰʸ½дҪ½æ
ӦϿŮֿʼæˣֻϣԼȥæˣߵʱӦİŹϣȻС˵Сңæǵðϳˡ
СæдֻͷҲ̧ػһ˵֪
дһʱ򣬽СְѱʸˣдŻҪ˻ţ̫ˣӰɣԼȥһˣҪ½Լȥϣܿʼˡ
˵ɾ͸ɣСҸϽȥԼϰɵġҳ·һϸ޲һߵİ˸ȹȻܼ͵ȹСҾ¥ˡ
ӦϸպԺСһҪȥӣ͸ϽʣСҳʲôôʱѽ
СǸӦ˵Լ뷨ˣŷӦϲ֪ԼæЩʲôϽӦϽ˵˵Ҳ˿ʼ÷ˣҾòԴУһ·ȥ½һ£ҪǷˣҽʹŲϻǾͿʼʵ飡
Ӧһ֪ԼŮ뷨࣬ŮԸھȥɣӦⷽһúܣ͵ͷýСȥء
СҼȻȥ򣬾ʹһЩƱϣͷŮԼŵ٣СҲ˶Լ֮ǰæŵĽһţԼȥ
ӦϿŽСشһоͰˣýСԼæȥˣȻԼ̫ܰæǾͲ϶ŮĺȣԼѼûк֮ǾͺˡӦϿʼҪʲôóԵˡǴŹǻǺ⣿Сϲ߲ˣǰʣµҰһ³˰ɣˣҪѩɤӣе
ţͱȽϿһ㣬ûһὪСҾ͵ˡ
СýȥԱߵĲ¥߳Բߵ˽һǮӻϲصȥˡ
СԼȥ½šŵ½٣ٿСҹʮֿģСô˰Ͻ
СﶼƵҲĸ½ٺѣֱӿżɽ˵٣ģ¡
½ٿŽСеżӸϽѽС鷿죺Ҹ鷿
½鷿ĿأСеԾʣСôˣ𣿡
СҲ½Լ˵˵չ÷ơ
½һżʵѽô죿ǽҪˣ
С԰꣺뵽ôһˣֻҪƳƷУǸҲֻʣȣ
½һֱԱţ˵СҪƷͺʣʲôƷС뷨𣿡
С΢΢һЦŵ˵УȻˣƳϾƣ
˭֪½ȴ϶뷨ɵ÷ӣҾЩ֮ǰȻǹʫϹϺôֹ֣Ͼȴû˵ܽ𣿡
СȴôŹֲҲ𣿵һ÷Ƶȥ÷Ƶʱ϶Ҳ˲ԸⳢԣа취ƹ㣬Ұϲͺã
½˾ежǴ޵УҪǮҪ벻ģģȻСģǾһ԰ɣ
½һԥˣһȥʲôͲԥԥǣʹŽСȥɹˡ
Ա֪÷ȴ֪ϾƣԣϾƾû뵽
ǣгϵϼ۸ͦ˵ġС׼Ҫһȴ½Сҵӡ
С֪½Ҫ˵ǽСҸϽ½ȥԱ˵
½ʣһ벻ͨԱô÷Ƶģ
СҸ½˵ƵķӶǲģ÷ƵʵʳƲֻ࣬ƵİȥĹһȥһԾ֪ôˣ
½ˣ½ϽС˵ǲܴɹϣһ֪ϣǡ
˵ʡСһ½˼ˣǲܳ棬ֻұ˳ˡ
ڱûʲôϵܱ֤¶˭أ
СͻȻ뵽һˣǾǰ裡
Ǹʶģڷ½ֵԼһչϺѲ뵽ԼͲһˣϸԼûҼû֪Լʶ


211 ɹ
ҰҴҵ˶࣬Ҳ㡣
ǽСҾ͸½˵Լ뷨ȥҰæ
½еԥĿ𣬰ܰæ𣿡
С£Ӧû⣬㲻˽˽飬õǮǸˡ
ǽС˵ӦûģмѺˣܲŵǮҲҪɣ
ǣСҾʹ½ȥ׼Ұݷˡ
οŵϴдͽСܼңܼϳ˽СңϽкСȥõȡԼȥͨˡ
˵СԼ֪СӦ£͸ϽȥСˡ
Сһȸл˵ϴ鷳׹ˡ
û£ҲǮʲô˵
СһĬĬ̾軹ǸʵˣȻʵҲˣֱ˵Լ⣺׹ӻ𣿡
ϾǸˣһ˵Ȥʵʲô⣿
С˵չϣ
е棬ʵԼչгϵϺܶడ
С֪ɻǲͷ¶β˵һһ룬ӻ鲻ԼǽСҸϽ˵ӵģҲ÷⼸յ˵ԱңһΪ˼Ҳչ÷Ӧ׼ʼ÷Ƹˡ
Сͣһ۰ɫһ˼ɫеУ֪Ӧóɹһˡ
ǽСҽ˵÷ûʲôţֻʤòϱȽ棬ųʤһǮ֪ҵĲϣǺܿͻһ÷ˣֻƳƷ˵Ͼ֮ġ
ҲǸһͨˣӻ˵ǹҰæչϣ±֪Ͼģǣ
С̾Ļǣһ߻ش˵ԣҾֵġ
һΪǸʲôأԭСֻ˸æˣʹһӣֱӳŵ˵˵ʲôˣӣϾ˰ȥգȻ͹ȥ
Сðæ֮ǰ鷳ܶˣСҲϲǷ˵ġ
ǽСҸϽ˵еģǷѾܶˣװæˣϵϲ̫ټҪܣȥչϣԽԶԽá
˼һ¿˵Ҳ̫Զ̫Զͻˡ
ϵϻǳģͷҲûʲôռִ䣬Ҫȥ̫Զĵطȷʵлķա
СҲǣǽС˵ɣȥգ
ԱߵһУ߽ҪǷǱóػزչʲôĻԴҲעĿϾÿôɽôػأҲǲס
˾÷ãǾ͵ͷͬ⡣
С˵ɣұм۶ɴ򡣡
ȴϣһɾˣ˵ȷѺˡ
СȴԸռıˣУɾɣѾҴæˣҪԿԺôҿڡ
Сȫ棬һ˫ԲԲװŵĲֻƽʱ峺һݼ֣ǰͻȻҪƴǾǲؽСҵŬˡ
ϾʶСҴǿģȻҲżǵİǴԵֵıŮôܱԵ޹ʵİ
ͨһڣʹӦˡ
ȻСҼͬˣԵ÷ǳģ̫ˣȥϾˣ׹ȰչԽԽãԿȲٸչ٣ЩǶ𡣡
СҰԼƱһָ衣
Ҳֱ£ӦþЩȥˣһ˴ӷֱ͹ȥӲעĿЩ
СҸϽл
СҼˣһɣֱӸǻؼˡ
Сһصң¥ϴһ¾ȥӦϻ㱨ˡ
ӦֿСһ˸ϽýС¡
СҰѽ˵һͨԭ½չϵģ½˵ȻģǣǾͲ·Ҿ˵еҾȥҰ׹Ӱæչϣӱ˲뵽Ͼơ
Ӧеʣ׹Ըǣ
С˵ԭ׹ѰǵģҾò˼Ҿ͸˵˰м۸ɵļ۸չϡ
ӦڰһķŽ˶Ҳԣǲһֱñ˰ǣ
Сҵͷ˵Ȼɱһ㵫ǲ¶ǵƷܶһᡣ
ӦϾеһˣСҲ鿴Ӧˡ


212 Ͼ
СһֱþӦֻΪȥѧд֣ǶһҲáϧӦȴô룬Ӧһֱ˵˻ôʲôѽпնϢϢռʱҡ
СֻȰ˵˵ǵֻԽԽЩ˼ҿҲ̸ҲҪŵĴʲǣЩ˼ҵ˿ɲٶǶģܲ˼˵ͼݡɣ
ӦһͦеģǾýСҶһЩСҾȴճľ￪ʼ̣ʲôͼݡлݹˡʲôģЩƵĲѵĴ
ӦϰľǹһʣСҿӦϸ꺢ͯһһһǰд־;ʮֿġ
СһֱŮҪԼҵҪԼľ磬⾫˵ĿһˣʵϾмУ黭ӦԸ⿪ʼд־һˡ
ӦϿСһֱԼԼȲ˼ˣͷ±ʣڰʣǲǺܿЦ
СûӦʵʲôЦ
һ˻һһһѧдְӦ˵
СЦοӦ˵ʲôЦǿɾ˼˵ϣѧϡ֮ǰûף֪ˣ˵һֱѧϰʥͬˡ
Ӧϲ֪ʲôѧϣȴ֪ʥ˭ǿǴҶڰݵʥ˰Ů˵ʥͬˣرģָ߸ʼд
СҼӦϾǫѧĲˣͻһԼдġȫӦϿ
ӦѾ˲ˣῴȫʲô
СҿӦ˵㿴ڶܹöһЩˣﰡһЩǵСдģЩ˵ĸĸֵĺܶ඼ǳҰдģԺÿһ㣬ԺҲĸĸֵĳ˵ˡ
Ӧ⼸ѧ˺ܶණʵѾѧϰͦĵʣǲСС˵Щĸֵģʲôʲôģ
԰Сʵ˼һʲôõ£㲻ԼˡСֽдϲиӦϿ
Ӧʶĸ֣ϧһȴ֪ʲô˼СҵĽ֮Ŷ
Ӧϸ̾˵Щ秵Ĵʣ㲻ңһ治
Сҹ˵ѧⱾȫԺҲ秵˵ˣð
ӦһԼ秵˵ӣԼСˣǻͦģ
СҾͳӦѧϰֽӦʲôп󽣣ʲôв
Ӧϸ̾˵ǰ˼˵ѧʶһţˣСҲҪ飬ǼԺܳʲôġ
СЦ˵ðҲ飬һ𿴣ǼԽԽˣԺһŵģֻţоˡʿ
ӦҲЦ˵˽ʿǲˣֻ뿴úúõġ
Ȼǿ¸ĸģ⸸ĸŮжϢֻϣܺúù
ڶ죬Լˡ
СҿЩϣ·𿴼˽ϾơСҸȵ˼ͭǮ͡ǧлˡ
Ѻ͵ܼһܼ˺Ҳ̾С￴ᣬʵȴܵ
ܼҶԽС˲ٺøУܼҾͿڶԽС˵С㣬ӽˣҪҪʲôҸȸ˵ˣʡһˡ
Сʮֿģ˰һܼҴȥ衣
ܼˣСҾͿʼˡ
Сп飬ȥƤȿե֭
Сҿæߵһ˼һô͡
ϸ÷һ÷ζᣬͳľƴ÷ζʮбʶȣϾƿֻζӲر
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󣬽СҵϾƾͳ¯ˡСҿһ̳һڣȻúȣϾģһζǼƤЩƤһζдʮر
ǣСҾڳ극ʱÿ˶һϾƳһ¡


213 
Сһڣ꽪С͸̾˵ǽСҷӶ࣬Ͼƺܲóȥ
ӦҲһڣ̾صͷ
Сҿ۶;ʼģ
Ӧȴһ㣺ְɣ
СһĴȣԼôһأҪ벻ģžƣǾҪ㱣ܹ˲ɹǾƵˣ
֮ǰû뵽һ㣬÷ƾͽ÷ƣôģµ˿ҲйأҪѧһ㡣
СҸϽͬ˵ܵҪ֣ܾϾϾƵؽУ˾֪ôˣ
СһȤһ˵Ҫк̽ôҺǺģĹ̵ġ
ûȽС˵С˵ֲУҪһֲܴƣ
СһҲǣֺȵ˾Ͷ࣬ǽСҪ˵ǰֹҪһ֣һҪźЩ˼ҲԸ򣡡
Сһ˵Ȼкô
СȴͻȻ˵콬ô
ӦȴûǸһ˵tɣ
һ׷̾˵
С俪ģӦԭֲʶһȴһŵˣһж̳ģСرгɾ͸С
С§ӦϿǿˣ
ӦǿԼе㲻˼ȴʮֿĵġ
ϾƵֶˣ¾ηˡ
һ߽Ҳʼ׼ƣһʼţﻹеҪ֣ûֺʱơֿŽѾʼƣƵǮ٣˵Ǽĵֵ㣬ҲΣҲǲܿġοͷѾ˵磬ӽ˹ӣҲʡǮ
뵽ӣҲ֪ܲܵȥ÷һʱе㯡
ͷǮûжķƣù˴Ӻͼ׷⹤ҪѾǹȥгǱ˲УҴͷʵ̫
ţԼʱҲɹƵĻټϸɣҲ๻ˡʹ󹤵Ǯһ¶ֵ̹ء
һͷǰһԲʱһ죬٣ĳͷһûʲôҪˣţΪ֮ǰ˵˰԰סҪһӣҲôˡͷΪ߶߶˺þá
ǽӾȥҽһЩżֵأԤϾʡһʡԼֵٶͷһЩٸЩӣ㻹ˡͷɴأԼֵһĺã׵Ķ۲ء
˵ɾ͸ɣǴȥг˴ӵĲϣиСӣһʶӣҲϤ𣬿Ž˵ҪԼӣƵвЩ⡣
˵ǲŴ죬̫ȵúܣҲһˣСһӴ˸࣬Ѿ֮ˡӲ˲ͷĺȵúܣҨưˮ˼ڣûеʹ
߽ڵϿβ㿴ɸųˣŸյԺſڣɾͿ˽ӣæߺң÷ˣ۸ҲǺʣ
ϲ⣬æӳһſ¨ŻɫƲƿ˿ǳɫ÷ʵɣЩ÷ðŻ˶Ǯ
ɶŽӱ˸ƣӵǲ÷ɫãǵʱþҲüǮɰһˣٺòˣúúѣ
úܣ˰Ʊҷģҿ϶ܰ÷װ׵ģ
ڶ콪Ӻ˸磬ʰ´ķӣƵ׳ɹɣ׼ơ
ҴӵҪʹ˳ȥȥгϣȥ賤ڼͷҲûʲôҴŵģֱӸ˵˽Ҫȥˡ
⻰ȻҲ˽СҶҲ˵гչ˲÷˲÷ƣԼζǸСĳ
ǽСұҪȥһôľơ
СûӦϣֱԼȥ˽ңԼڽԺſڣɰʵ÷ֱӷŽƵĴ뵽÷ɹɸ֮һŽƸеģôֱӽʵ÷˽ȥ˳򣬽ľƱضζۿۣǺԼľûκξˡ


214 
Сſڿһᣬת뿪ˡ
Сһصʱ䣬ŸҪɣػˣڴȲš
棬СһߺȲһߵ˲һʱ䣬ű溰ŽС˵ɣء
СæԺӣһ˵̫˰ɣȵɡ
һŽСߣһߵͲˣ̫ˣЩˮͺˡ
СҰһưˮŸϽӹڴںȵĨߵˮգ˵յɣɺˣպˡҽɣصʱ԰˵ӣֱֺãҪҲһЩ
С룬ˣҪɣؾƣûҪյģˡ
һţСǺͰ׼ߵĽˣԼ֮ǰû֣ʵСҡǼһһնͰ׼ߵýǲǲ̫һˣ
СæôأˣһֱôæǹϵһֱҲô᲻Ǻأ
ɫЩСҲֵ磬ľƣµƷ֣ҪҪһ
СҰϾ˳ŵһźһڣ۾Ʒһʲôƣô֮ǰû
СʣζΣ
æǳãоʮ𡣡
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˺üԺʵƻж٣
Сˡ
æ˵ҶҪˣ㶼װϰɣȻҴȥ
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Сȡ壬Ѿƽţ³Էɣղſ˺òˡ
һϲȻ
ǰһᣬ㵽˳Էʱ䡣СҲԺ֮󣬱ó壬磬壬ǻɣҲա
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СҼˣ͵ᣬ̫أҲա
бƣкβգҿǲϲҵ
Сֽ͵磬ʵ̫أԼűȽϺá
ŸǲԸҵȻ͸ģкιأ
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˭ִ֪ԽԽӦϺʢ֣͸ϽȥŲ鿴
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ҡ
ָŴСûʶȴû˵ִĺŶԹԾףŴլĻ̥ݺɱˡЩ뿴СҾͲ˼򵥣֦Ҷˣֻ¾ãҪǽּͥкã
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ҲøӦӣʲô˵һˡ
ӦϿߺߣˣ³ʲô£ϽʽС˵ô£СôƢˣ
С˸Ӧ˵ûʲôǵϾƣǰɣⲻǻʵ׶֪ϾܷŶأҾû;С


215 źڷִ
ӦʧЦ⺢ǻǣҲӦһ˵Ͳһ̳αأ˼Ұô࣡
СĬĬ²˵ﰡ˼ҪϾƣҪҪͣҪŮȥˡ
ӦϺҸϽͣʰһԼֵ߲ˣʲôģһ̳ϾƸ͹ȥӦ뻹˵ǵˣǵðҸһҪԭ£
ӦˣϽȥš
СΣ§Ӧ˵ģġ
Ӧϵ˵Ůͷ˵Ҫܸ˼ȥæɡ
Сֲֻܰȵˡ
ӦɳͲҵûһ͵ҡ
ڷ翴е֣ôӦϺͽСͻȻˣⲻǹʲôӰ
ڷֱʣôͻȻˣ
ǻ࿴˿ֻһһʮػ˵ǼСŹִ˼䣬Ǽ̫̫С㲻ԣϽŵǸԭ̫̫ҪԼģæ߲ǴΪǸˡ
ڷ֪С˵ģСͲͦйأҲԲôԵ޹ʸִһʲô
ڷҲʰһ黨īʲôʹȥ֪СΪˣֻҵܵĲԣǻȥתӦӣҲвԣ輸ѣô⡣
ǼĿĴɣʹŻ񿪿ˡ
ڷ߿ˣȥš
ӦׯһֱԼڷҲ緹ҲԣԭڷΪæʲôû⣬Ӧţڷܲ³ʲôˣڷֱ˵ţ㿪ţ
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ڷ̽ſ˵ţϲСҶ𣿡
ĬĬ˵ԣӦòϲҡ
ڷ֪˵ܵܵ˼ֻ˵ڲӦÿЩ
һϷΪʲôҲСˣȢˣ
ڷ֪Լܵ棬ȴû뵽ô棬ڷֻܰѻ˵һ㣺㻹ǼҵĺӣҪǻŲ½СңҾͰͻȥ
˵꣬ڷ绹ģ˵쿪ʼμӱҪǸȥңߣ
ǿֲֻӦˡ
ڷ绹ǲģϾҪʲôõֲܰݣڷֻܼҶ˵⼸ҿŵӣӳһҪ˶ţȥң
ܼҹӦ
Ǳ߽СֻȰȥչɣ驵顣
ʹҵĻˣӦ˵ҲͰˡ
ӦϰˣǱ߽Сȴʼü
ԭСɣ驾ƣͷԸȥչɣ驡ɣҰ֮ǿ϶ûУֻչǽСҲ鷳ˣԼȥæ
ϧ֮ǰ©ҺͽҲչ
΢Ǯ·խһ㣬ȴкҰæ
ϺҺҶ˼ңӰͬСɣɣ驵ļ۸һ·߸ߣǲٹũźͽС֮ǰٵ΢һ
Сҿ˴һɣ驣˳
СҼɣչˣֻܿʼǰչӡ
ỹӴеʱ򣬰˵Ӧȥչӵģϧ֮ǰ֪СҺӦϻȥӾƣչ
һӿɺãԭΪӵļڣӵļ۸Ͳߣ٣ЩũҲܼ۸ֻһҪӣͷ׷̧߼۸˭֪Ϊ˴ѹСҺӦϻǲչ
ǹũǸóĳʣµĻڻ棬Ŵ׬һʡ
ȽСȥչӵʱϵҪôߣҪôũˡ
ȫʹȥȥҲûʲôӡ
Ӧ֪ԼúŮչӻڣͻȥͼֵ˵ˡ
ǵڶ쿪ʼӦҼֵܾͶܳȥһչˡ
Ӧʶ˶࣬Ӧ·ӹ㣬ҵһӣЩӼ۸߲˵á
ӦϺΪ˷һͨƢЩũ̫
ӦɿЦ˵˼ҲˣǮȥĵǿϿǼҸķϣһˡ


216 ʫ
ӦϺҲͷϣӵĽ;ҲеϾ̡
ϿԼȥｪСҺӦչеûסֱ˵ǸЩʲôء
û˵꣬Ӧɾͺȵ죬ǻܲ𣿡
ҲûԾ˵ῴɫɫҲ̫ãͺˣϽ貹˵ҡң˼˵ǹһӵӴģչȻеˡ
Բ˵Ҳûȥ̽˵Ǽ٣ѡš
Ӧ˼һ£˵ɣȸСӹȥǵ˼ô죡
СҲӦҸһæӦҵҲ࣬Ǳæ
ǽСҶӦ˵˾ˣ˵еǵȵȿɣʵڲнӾƾͲˣӣɱ̫˶Ǯ
Ӧɻе㷢ֻ²̣ڴﶼƣӴģ˴Ҳȥӵʱֻ»򲻵ӣ
СҲ˵ϾƵ£ֻȺ˵û£˾ˣǴ˻һơ
ӦɿŽСᶨ֪С˵ģȻ˵ˣһа취Ӧֻðĵ뿪ˡ
ǱȻ˲ǮչϣǿһϺʮֿģ·𿴼ӾѾӡ
ǽϺȥˣӦ⼸ֻһȥϺˣмôӶɸΪ֮ûӣǸҲ𲻳Ӿƣ
Ҳ֪ˣغ½СҳԿϽ̽
С֪ɣյıк˵ƲأعȻҲûкɫ
ǰڴ֮Сһ˲裬ʣôˣ̽鰡
뵽⼸콪СҵѼԼɵģȻеڨڨ˼˵˼ҵ
СҴϺصĵǸ˵ǸʲôáҲı⡣˵ɣΪʲô
Լ⣺ҽˣǺֹҪչ÷Ҫչˮеգҵ鷿죬֮ǰô⣬ԡҾͲýȥֻ͵˼䡣
СˣȻأǺҲûٸԼæСһ˵ллˣ֪ˣһᾡԲߵġ
û뵽Ժȴ˳ֵ
Ϊ׵һŮּ񣬴̵˶ĤۣǾȻűС㣿ҲС˭ˣÿȻǵĹȡ
СҺͺظϽŲ鿴ԭʫżҶˣҵļҶȻǽţʫ̫ʢûסǽˡ
ʫźغͽСһ͸ˣָŽСҺͺؾͿʼǡԼҾ˵һ缱ŸʲôԭСˣҺҴ˸ˣȻ²Ҫˡ
ؼʫԽ˵Խ֣͹ȥʫߣʫļҶʶأ֪ǺүԼҹүɺʫԺߡ
ʫϣһһߺʲôʱˣ㻹ǸˣѹҪȥˮƣߣ˻Ÿ⣡
Ȼ˺ü꣬ǱϾӣȻöʫӦϵСԺ֮󣬺ؾƿʫ㻹˵ҲҪ⣬ԼҲøЩʲôġ
ػʫСңҵļҶʫˣкСҵļҶ˵Ͻţǡ
ҵļҶµˣϽš
ʫôάСҺȥţ潪ҼҶҲûǵóѡ
ϧô󶯾ȴ˲Χۣҷ׷ָָ㣺ø˭һô
СɣϴλԼδأ
ô
ҽ̲ð
ʫϾǸŮӣô˶Լָָ㣬е㲻˼ˣֻôˡ
غ³£ҲϽ뿪ˡ
СҼԺû˶͵͵˳ȥһ£λˣһ
ʫ뿪ˣǣⲢζʫҪҽСҵ鷳
ʫһѾһʫ˵С㣬ЩвͨһںǰС͡С⣬ǽС㡭ԣսļ˲ô˵
ʫԴŭҪȥѧǸˣ
һԭʫǰͲó裬żŸʫ⣬λϧƨĵϡ


217 ˻
һʫĸϽת˵ǵС㣬ū챿ū챿Ǹ˼һΪԼ⣬Լͣʫԭ¡
ʵʫԴϴε˺ذ֮еڣȥ֮үҲɸֵؽʫ
ʱүô˵ģŮط׷ǹôָźعأǺбˣܶ˳ˡҪСȥ򶯺صȻı
үҲΪԼĹŮģֱֻ˵ˡ
ʫʱе㲻ΪȻҲǼסˣһҲô˵Ȼһ
ʫһһ˵ˣɣ˵ĸо
һԼСɫˣ֪ϷǸϽվʫ˵С㣬ѧѧֶβǲʵ£ǽҵС£ӵȻֶΣҲ˵ӳһװǲѧһЩȻںϡ
ı򶯺صġ
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ֲ׵ֻˣϾϴǻֵôʫӦõ˽ѵԺ󲻸ôˣϧһеõѵʤǰ
Ϊ˽СҵİȫҲΪԼҸȡԼ²ˡ
ǺȥԼĸϷˣѽ˵ˡ
Ϸӣ֪ʫô̫ίԼĹˣϧϴκү˵£ֲ˻Լֻܰο˵ú飬ͲܹˣȢ˭Ȣ˭
ظϽĸ˵Ҹ֤һúö飬˵ʫֵĸԣȢﻹܰ飡
Ϸ§ź˵ĸҲӴ˵ȥ֮ǰŵҪȢʫҾͰǼң˵ǼҪҵİæټҲܷ
ؼϷ˲վԼߣֻȥҺү
ү˷̵ĿԼˣүϽ˱ȥ꺮ůϧ飬пչܺүԼĹġ
үźһģ͸һ裬ȺţԼȿʣӰôˣ
˵ԼȥҽСҵ£ֻܺ˵ʫżҶңֵúܴ󣡡
үܰѼҵôȻǺͿˣСôԵ޹϶ԼȥҽСˣǺүʣǲȥҽСˣȻʫôӣ
ԼֽСҵ˼ֻȷˣѲ豭ݺݵһ٣Ҳܲˮ᲻Ūʪ˱Ҳܸ֣Ϊ޸ٲ֪Ůˣ
ү˱㱻ŪʪüͷһǻҪȺӣⲻΪԺȢˣҲͰˣͲˣ
үΪʫѣ뵽ĸĻ˵ҰæǼҼҲܷ
ؾúүôԼͽСҳףҪԼʫһһΪҵİΪǮԼãҪԼܸɣүôᡭ
԰ҪܸɣǮǵͲǿҺʫˣͻȻ뵽ˡ
Ǻؿ˵㲻ǾҵİǮһǧꡭԣ꣬һҶӣͱȢʫˡ
үҲǲÿڣ֮ҪȢʫΪ˷ֹظСйǣҵİܽȻãû˻ҲȱЩ
⻰ܸԼ˵Ǹôܾأ
үͻȻ뷨ԵǿԣʫѾôˣȲ꣬ȢҪˣҾǺòãʱȢ˭Ȣ˭
ү뷨ǣúغʫף֮ͺˣѾһϣ´ģ
طҾǲʫǣһ춼У㻹Ȣˣ
үֻϽˮ˵ޣСӼҼҽ֣⺢˵ʲôءѾлԼˣͲܱ壡ʫǱǼҵĶϱģ԰ɣʱ򲻺ٺ룬ʱ϶Ļˣ
ϧͿ͸Լϼ޻֪˵ͨˣ޺޵طȥ
û죬еɣֽһɣ驣׼Һһɣ驽۵ϢϾжŽСҰ򵽵ɣ驶ˡ
軹ǵˮʮֱˣ˳ְӦչ˲ˮҡ


218 
ʹˮҺɣһȥӦׯӦϺͽСˮҡ
ܼԭӧүҸ͹ȥɡ
ͻȻ콪СҴϴԼȥСҴֵʱ򣬽СҵСƺǸܺĵطԼһ˰ɡ
ǰܼ˵ãһˡ
ܼһʲôܼҾµطֲϴηʱֹ£ܼšʶܼҲðȥ߰ĵط
ܼȰӣǵֹģһˡ
ڰ֣ܼȥæԼĻô࣬ҲеҪӦӺͽС顣
ܼٲԼҹȥ´ʱҲ˵ʲôˣϾбʲôͿԣǾԲԽ
ܼҾԼĸŰȥˡ
Сҿżˮʱе֣ϾǴҹӣôͻҲԼˡ
ǲ˵ǿͣ˵ǰŽСͻģСҲҪúд衣
СҸϽԸȥæ迴СҴ˹ˣЦкС˵СңҰ˲ɣ驣УǵˮұˣҲӦ
СԺǿģ̫ˣ⼸ΪҵǱߺþûнˣˮ˹ȥպܰһǡ
˵ţЦŰڰ˵һ»
Сֻв˭ʱŻôɣСҾܾαˣһŰ׹𣿡
⻰Цøºˣ̣С㻹㣬Ҳظˣϲװף󽻽ӵװס
СˣҲִˣԼһֲ鿴ӡ
ȹһƣϸƷʡ
˰»ǺοģģһӾ֪Ǿϸѡģ̶ûС
Сҿʮ⣬Ű踣һл׹ˣӺܺá
һ½СңЦǾͺã˵û͵
ҲЦͦģ֪ΪʲôСҵͻȻʼе㷢ȡ
̫˰ɣСĬĬ롣
Ժвե֭һƤ迴е棬ʵǸʲô
СΪԵãϾƣϴȥʱǸƷ֣
ԭѾˣĬĬţСһԺҲ鲻Խ˵ôĳôණ
Сұе㲻˼תһ»⣬СͻȻԼҵľƽѣȥƽѿ߰ɣҴȥƽѿǱ߻ʲôӣҾƺʯأġ
֮ǰӦϾͺͽСҶԹڹҪ˵Щ˼ӦܱСҡ
ŽСһߵؽѵڡ
СҴŰȥһ߶˵Сһ㣬ؽѱȽ϶Ҹտʼˤأ
ʣڻˤ𣿡
СҸ˵ЩʲôעתˣͻȻ²ȿˣҺðۼֿ죬һס˽Сҡ
СҾԼͨͨʮǼƺŵһɺܺŵζͬԼϹŮ㣬һľͷӦǰϵζ
Ű
Сҵںĵؽ޼ɵ˸͵͵
Сû°ɣеʵ
Сڱһʻʵû£˼ð׹ӼЦˣƽ޵Ĳá

Сһع񣬰Լһ䣺ֲûмˣôôʧ̬
Сһһ߸ܵ⼸̳ӣҾƣѾˣ⼸̳ʯƻûǱߵЩϾƣΪ˺ҲΪ˱ܽt񡭡
֣̾󡣡
СͺԺϰ֣֣Ҳúܺá
ԭΪӦֻǸѰҰũû뵽ӦôѧŶʮִˮƵѹСȱѩŮ
̳ϾߣСȴеյϾƱȫˣһٸɺãʣһ㣬Ը㷹ɣպóЩơ
Ȼ֮á
СҪ˼ҳԷͲھƽѵ̫ãȴŰȥˣСŰ裬Լȥ׼緹ˡ
ʹһǼȻйȻҪԼô£
ǽСҾߣ߽˳
ʱߡײġ⡢׳ʡСǰԼֲȫˡ
ȲʱСҲ̲ס٩׹֮ˣȻ궼ûôʢĲɫ


219 
һͨýСеɬϽ˵³Բˣ˼Ұ׹Ҳдһ£
ЦϵĸȺÿڸ
˷׷״Ц
ԭСΪҹӵĹӦʳ޲˭֪Ǹر
һֱӦļҳʲôճɣг۸Ĳֻа費ĵģûӲϵĻ⡣
ϽСҸӦϺͰ赹һϾƣǺȣȴûССе㲻СңôҺȾưûʲôµġ
СýСͷ˵ûʲô£ҿ˵Ҫдµġ
СֲãֻԼֹ˵˵׶ʫƪ𣿺ȵƸĲɡ
е棬ʣ˽ǸʲôȰ
Сǫ鵽ϼְˣ˵飬ڿ󴫡
е⣬ԭΪµطѧѧģû뵽Ҳ̴Ѷȵ顣
˾뻸
СҼĵĿҲţĬĬùǼвˣơ
˾ô߳Աģĵ硣
컹еҪȥ鿴ģȸˡ
С˰裬ȥӦţӦ˰ˮߡ
ӦɣӦɿˮʮֿĵܴ׬һˡ
ӦҲüЦǣҿʶ˰׹ӣǼ˴ˡ
ӦϺͽСֵЦǱ߽ȴƲ
֮ǰȻչ˲Ӻɣ驣κҲչƴùʶչˮ١
ҵĹ绹Ҫһʱܽǹӽܲƻ˵
ϿŽһһ˯ţԲ¡
Ѿ֪˾ȥ᣺ƣȻȥϵˮԣƵġ
ӣһַǮ⣬ϷôУǼûôӵģ
ѾʣǼҾ˼ҵ𣿡
ϱʵƿԣֻͬˡ
ѾϽԼ彪һȥˮ
ϧȴ˵ˮҺɣ驶ˣֻʣЩʲô֮ģһͺƵˮ
Ѿ⼸һֱӦϺͽСңﲻ֪ˮΪ˭֪Сҽˮ⣬ԼΪʧʧ˲ˮ򲻵ˮһ
ϧôأӦϺͽСһǿĵǮԼ߼ǵǮˡ
Ѿ׷ˣʲôƻһ½СҺͰ衣
ߣʱɿ죬ûھҪˡ
ӦˣǷ˼٣ؼԲһ˻һѡ
Ƿ׷׸̾Ӧ˺ãٶһӦϰ±ꡣ
ӦϿҲ֪ͼʹӦˡ
ӦΪѽڣȥͳõĸĶɳϻ
СȴͻȻ뷨
һֱƣеˮһ㣬ҪرɾĲϣȻᣬǽСƵʱѡЩˮЩеõĹӾȫʣˡ
ЩȻƣǿ԰
СִʱرϲˮڵĶݮˮ±
ᵽ˹Ŵֳɵˮ±϶ûˣԼ
СҾָ˰ЩһˮùõĲڵʣµĹ鰾
СһرǲҪѹӵЩȥ磬ǾͲȥҹˡ
С;ÿġ
ߵ±ǿ±СҴӦԼ±֮ͻȻ±бƤ±ԼԿɣŪһ⡣
ӦѾϰԼŮʱʱðĹŹ뷨ˣЦЦȥˣԼרĵ±
СȰŴ׷ۺʹ׷ۻϣһ
ٽˮСʱʱ;ÿӽһ£ֹˮݷ롣
ӣƤ±ıƤˡ
Сùˮڣһһ
ӦϿŽСһֱæЦʲôġʲôƤƤ±ͦ󸣵ġ
С˵󸣿ɲ̫һʱһ¾֪ˡ
Сûϵ֣±ģӸƤ±ͣһС±ۿɰСҸоһûаæ
ϣ±ˣӦǲɢˣԼŽСҺͽССˡ
Ǻϵ˼ӦҲûйҪ̷Ӷססɣ
λңӦҪסʮ졣
ԭе㲻ģСӺòŻˣôҪңҺǰ콪СˮҹӦ˵ӣϲſһ㣬Ȼֻǹõģ


220 ɰ
ӦȻҲͽС±ˣϿֵԼһ
ӦϽ˵ⲻǹҪӦڵģҲСԺǱ߹ڣҪ
˵ǿԲôæôأô˵ǺôܲϲŮԼö
¾ûвϲŮТ˳Լĸĸ
Ǻһ߱Թһкҳ±
Լһһ±ԣ±ͦرģˮڵģ϶СŪĶ԰ɣ
Се㲻˼ϵҺһġ
ӦСϲԣ±ҲϽȥô±аɫѽ
ģʲôƤ±СһԿӦһƤ±ӦС
ӦСһڸϽ̾˵óԣԺҪԣ
СҶ˵ϴ˵ҪԴأԺҪʲô
ӦС᲻ôҲ᲻ñƤ±һ˵Ҷԣ
ӦϺͺϱͯͯﶺĹЦ
ԼŽСаЦһ񡣰֮ͻȻعһߵԼĹǰĳóһѷڴ򿪣Լķ˼ϵɰ
ֻɰǲһģһľ¡һֻɰϸ˰Ρתƿţ˽Сһ
ﺰСңҺüûˡ
СҼ﻽ԼݣæͣеĻƣϲϲ߹֣ЦŽӡ
ǺͽСļҳ㿴ƲϷڷŵֻɰǰЩӵ˼òϣ·ȴʣһЩϣұСⲻֻɰǰģȻˣ͸һֻһֻСҲȥһա
Сҽӹ˷еĺɰԼſ˿ͼ̧ͷЦ˵ǺãҪ̽ҡ
Ц˽Сһۣ˵һѧЩģѧұͽ̻ˣĻֵõ㡣
СҲգһ̧ͷЦţһ߰Ѻɰ˻ֵллˣһͷɰϡ
￴ŽСеɵЦݣЦָһ½Сҵ˵ѽôˣôһСӵӡССˣζүСˣԺɼŵ㡣
Сס˷ָЦĸ֪㡣
˵Цţֻ⺰СңɱˣԷˣһݾֹĸû꣬Ҳ֪˵Щʲô
æӦһ֪ˣĸҺСȥ
û˵ֹֻŽŲһԶȥˣֻСԷˣ
ͽСһЦһ£ӷ˳
ߵ˻û룬СȻû˼ֱ£ת߹ȥŶ˲ˡ
Сҿų˵ĺϾ˵һӦɫЦŶԳ˵ǺհͶˡ
Ȼ̹ЦǺǵĶŽС˵⺢ӣһȥЩӰˡ
Сæ˹Ц˵ǣ˾óˡ
Сת߹ȥ·ʱ򣬻㱼俴һӰʶ㣬ȴû뵽˾ҲͽСҶ㵽ͬһ򡣽СһֱԼһ£ۿžҪ˴ˤڵء
ӦСŽСϾˤˣۼֿȽֵӽ˹ȻӺͲ²ǾҪ䵽Сˡ
Сˤڵ֮ûۣҲûˤˣǰǸӰԭӦСЦŵ㵹Ƿ
ӦС˽СһۣЦҿҲûˤˣԼɣԺɱôֱŵˡ
˵ӦСҲûܽСңתԽ磬ֵ͵ϣ߶ţ⽪СңԼЩô̵Ĳˣϣ̳ŮӼҼҵģǺá
Сæ˽粻ͰˣôﱧԹҡ
ӦСЦбԹҲǵİˡ
СЦллˣȻҪ̵ˡ
ǰţӶ죬вЩ죬С⺢ӣɴӲԱˣ˭ģҪôĽСң²ǶԽСЩ˼ˡ
һѽСԼһֱӦСͽСң¿Ӵ˺г´ϲ
ǰ̫Ըվ飬á


221 ûǸ˼
ã˾ȫˣӵź϶˿ӣæҲԼĿӣʼԲˡ
һٷ֮ͳˣϻϢӰæʰһӣҲɢȥ
Сŷﵽ˷ķ䡣нСóɰڽСҵһֻ˳ȻָСϵ䡣˵͸ģ滨ɱŪˡ
ϵ֮󣬷ʵɺãҿпһû˼ˡ
Сæûʲôأһġ
ҲôûˣˣҽȥסϼΣ
С֮һ㶣׹ˡ˵ĸõúܣֻ˿ˣӲЩţûиסĵطҲܵ˱㣬ʵĸףջʲôʱ򣬰ȥһˡ
С˻شȻҲûٶʡֻ뽪СЩģͽСһؼˡ
Сҵ֮ȥĸף˵ձĸףɫ̫ˣס˵˹գЩʱñĸ׿Σ
ӦһСᣬ̾һˡ
СҺĸ׵뿪ĸ׵ķ䣬ȥҽС
Сڸ緿ϣһ߳ϴ˵ѣһŽļš˵գͻȻʲôһó͵ĺɰϣǷģ˳Ҳһ
СŽСһ̫ںӣЩʲôôŷң֪ûǸ˼ǰҰԼյģ㻹
СҴԩôǲˣǲ֪ҽʲô֪˿Ҫúллҡ
Сһ㶣ʲô˼
СҹЦҪһסˣûӦǱ㣬ҲһͷεĺãȫܾοǲɰǺÿĿһͼˡ
С˸Ҳܶ˵ʲôֻķҵӺ˺üˮֽ£˵ҶûǸ˼ҲȢ
Сɫ˵û˼ͬһʱעһ㣬Ǹϣλ㷼һƬ
СԺûгСҿŸˣˡСƵĳѣ߶߶˵˽¡
Ƭ̣Сڳ˽Сҵ߶߶˵ɰǲģһҵʱžͺˡ
СҶٸ콵Σæֲǲ֪ҵжҪһ㻹Լһ
С˽Сһۣ˵ŮӼҼҵģôҲ֪ѧһѧŮ죬Ժô죿
СҸ뷴ֱС˻ͷС˵ˣطɣҪ˯ˣò⡣
˵ѽСƳ˷š
һˬЩ绹ЩȡӦСԼææ˰ʱͷ󺹡
ӦС߳ԼӣߵӦС巿ǰûʲôԥıƿ˷ţʰû
ӦС嵹ǲļʰͷû̧ʲôǲó緹ٹȥ·ֲԶżġ
ӦС룬ĵȷʵˡûٴߡ
ĥĥʰֳԺ˷ǰϸ
ϿӣһҪ뿪ȥСҼסţȥﲻҪĸ鷳Ҫú飬ûа
æͷĸĻ
˳Թ緹֮ųһʱ·һʱ˽СҼӦСӦСȥӦϣӦϿСӣãԾƣҲˣһԸΣ
ӦСӦСٺòˡ
ӦϰӴʰõǰֲˮ΢ϴһϴ
ϣ˽СҼþƣӦЦɲ԰ʳģþƣһա
ӦЦ鷳ˣԷαشЩ´οɱˡ
ЦӦ¡
ڴЦźʱС˽кĸࡣ
ŵôżԷˣ
СҵŲǣҲĸװˡ
ֵã
СЦ˺ҪˣҺҹȥ
ӦϵȥӦСӦСԷգС


222 
󣬶ӦЦȥСɣųԷá
ӦЦӦ£ãȥŴҡ
뽪Сҷͷжҵ˽Сķ䣬źСԷˣҴ˺þƣһȥԾΣ
Сɣûš
Ŷ룬ֽСǰ飬ǰҲֽ鼮ſ˱ʵǿһ𣿡
СЩ˼˵ǰڸŶ
ſŽС飬һ顭ĪҪ׼ƿ
Сͷǡ
Ȼ⺢ΪοҪͨƿһְٰǰӣزӦң͸¶һ˼ȻнСҼ޸檡Ӧ뽪СܿϣСҺúһŮӣԸ檣˵ҲǸ˼ңǼ˽ȥӦ뽪СҲֻǽСҹһˣҲ㸻ԣ޽ȥί˵ãҸŵԵкӽΪޣƽƽȵȣҲίˡ
żСˣ׽СҲǲø檡жԽС⺢Ӷ˵øСЩæе㲻֪ΰæ
ֻ˵ҪԷˣһȥɡ
Се飬һ˳ȥ
СҲӦСӦСԷ˴һϣСĸ˷ӦϿһӵĴСӣҺСҳԺˣˣҪȾƿٺȵ㡣
æͷǡЦģڣ⼸Ӳûִġ
ӦЦұˡ뽪Сһͬ뿪˲
ĸһȾƣС飬ҲûҶȣҲˡ
ſŽС뿪ıӰ˼
ڶһ磬ӦŰݷã˵ˣ˽
˵ү˵СȻҪƿǱȻҪЩ顣ѧñȻǲѧģүţнСүΣһǮãҲܶ顣
Ӧһжٸвáŵ˵źʵϺûʲôԼҵĺӣӦĸ׵ζῪģôҪԼĺȥˣ
˼Ӧɫãæү֪ǲ̫⣬˵үв˼ֻŰүһѣԸүոС
ӦȻһʱүĺ⣬ֻһСһģȥүһЩʱһ£Σ
æȻҪ˺үʱ俼ǵģҲ˺үģүȥǼңǲܵģүгʱ׼ƿ
Ӧϵллүա
˵סȸˡ
Ӧϲ˽˳ȥԼڴ˼һ󣬱˰ѽС˹
СӦ˵ȥԼ΢һ±˵ĸףŵϵȥ
Ӧ˲޾֮⣬ֻ˵ȥ˵ȥȥŵ죬Ըȥ𣿡
Сһ˲ֵ׵ĸסţǱкܶ飬ǼﶼûУȥ裬鷳ģȥɵĶЩ顣οнﲻģЩڼﶼû취
ӦȻԼȥáҲư֮ˣȥҲΪ㣬ȻҲǰһãҲġ
Сףĸ׷ģӹȥ֮󣬱ضúù飬ĸףκˡ
ӦϿŽС֣ص̬иο׾ͺã׾ͺá
Сĸ΢ʪ۾ס
ӦԼĬһͻȻЦ˵㿴ʲôȥȥˣôƵţǺ鰡ȥʰңõĶԼҵĹ𻨾ƣùȥ㡣
СЦ˵ĸ˵ʲôĸȻΪҺá
ϣӦϰŽСѻʰҶʰˣָС˵ӣ˵Ǳ߿ɲڼ˻Ҫúദ֪𣿡
СЦ˵֪Ҷôˣ׵ġ
ڶ죬Ӧ磬ԸС緹ǽСԸԵĶ
Сһĳʳô࣬ҿɳԲ˰
ӦЦ˵û£һһʣҲûϵġ
Сһĸô˵æ󺰣ĸƫģĸ׿ɴǲʣʳģôͿԳͺã
С̧־һ½СҵԴ˵ɿԶɣԶ²졣
ӦϿˣЦ


223 ӦСѧ
֪Сȥһˣϵ˼ˡ
СӵĶܸŴҹһˣԼôʤСٱԼҲУ
ǣϾȥӦϡ
ӦæأˣϽӭȥɩӣˣϽ
ʵǸģӦϣʶϴһӲӡ
ҰլǱߵĲ԰һЩ߲ˣСҶϲԣ͸һ˵ϸӦϿ˿ԼĲӡ
Ӧ֪ԼɩӵĸԵģôһСôͻȻԼͶǿͣӦϻЦŸϿͷɩˣɩӵңһԸ緹
ûʲôӦСȥѧ£ǸϽӦ˵Ǹãһٷˡ
ǹɩ֮ʲôӦֻһ˭֪ϴϣӦֻܷԸӸˡ
һϣӦ˵̫̫ǼӸ;Բӿɹ
ӦѾΪԼ̾ȻǴ˼ҳѾߣɫѵ˵ﹻټӸӺ峴Ϻ
Ӧˣȥ
ϺӦϵ̬ȣ룺СӶһǲģСѧʮа˾ǳˣҲöȦˣһֱ˵ɡ
ȳ緹ʱ˵˼ʲôӦϵպáӦϻֳ滰ֱӿ˵ﰡɩе㡣
Ӧһݣˣ
ϿӦϷ¿״ֱӿˣ˵СȥˣҲСһȥǸ˽ϿΡ
ϵģϲҪϽСҺӦСǴŽˮ¥̨ȵµҾ͸ǷֿӦСѧĽźҲ˵ʲôϾǰ;Ҫ
Ӧ֮ǰΪʲôأ֪£һºð죬ӦСӦϵֶӣӦСǰ;ӦҲǹĵģ²ð죬ҲҪʮȥ졣
ӦһӦ˵ҵʲôأɩ㰲ģһȥ飬ССһȥ飡
ʮֿģٱӦ˵仰ҾˣСгϢˣһТ˳ùã
ӦϹһЦ˵Ҿ͵ҵĴֶТ˳ˡ
һٷǱϼĿѾҲ극͸ˡ
Ӧϳţٴα֤һȥдţɩҵϢɡ
ˡ
һ뵽ԼҪȥһѧøҹһ飬Ժ϶У֮ȡһټСˣһ뵽⣬ƲסЦ
ӦһӾҽС¸ô졣
СҲϲӦСˣӦС̫⣬α˾˶ԼĸŮ꣬СһǾӦСһѡ
СӦ˵⵱еѣϾСѾȥˣǿдŸӣæټһ£ǸӦСÑ
ӦһҲеǼҸӦһûˣҪǼҽСȥӦСҲȥ㲻˼һΪȥ˼ءҲģһӶȥ˵Ҳǰôһֵܶ˵ˣֻ´Ҳ˵ʲôġ
õӦϵͬ⣬СҾдŸڷ磬ڷæӦСƼѧõķӡ
ΪʲôдţС̬ȥ鷳ãԵԼܹݡ
ڷĻڵڶ͵ˣڷһڴӦ˰æ£СԼӦСȥӿԡ
ڷлдˣǸѧõķѧҪߣȱģȻķԸһᣬǻǻ⿼һӦСڷýС⼸춽һӦС顣
ӦϿڷͬ£ϽȥϹӦС˽ӽлһϢ
֪³ɹˣϲϽˡ
ӦСȴ뿪ӣе㲻ػˡ
ΪӦСһΪҪСҷֿˣͳ˲ע͵͵һӦСѵע㣬Сҷֿһ㡣
ӦСŲµĹϣҪȥѧӾҪסˣǾͲøСҴնˡ
뵽ӦСĵӦ˵ˣеһζӦһָм֮顣
ӦϿˣҲϻֱӴӦæˣǷҪһӦСС⼸Ҫú飬ȥӡɩӣǱ߲ҪˣСѧҪǳÑҪǮ֣Ҿȳһ㡣
֪ȥѾܿˣ;ܾòãҪǮǮġ


224 
ϲӦϳǮӦɡϺǶ·ֻʹԼǮˡ
ӦϾʹϺӦСһȥѧá
ڷ͵ˣǹϽк˵ӦӣӦ̫̫ˣǸϽȥɣء
ڷӦϼһѧôš
ѧǳõģͷ˶ѧ飬ûǵĺҲһ
ѧýķǳãСԺӣһżԺԺԶѧӾסģԺǽѧڡ
һˮשߣõĺ麣ϵ̵ҲǱģ󸹬۹Ծּͼ
ӦϺôõԺӣҪηѧõ͸̾ˡ
ӦСҲǺѧãϾµ˽ֻǼéݸܸȡ
ӦС¾ģһҪ
ӵԼիӦСùһžȸһҾһҾס
ԭΪµСӱȽûأӦС֣ӿɽ̡
Ҳֱӿ˵ԭǲѧˣӿˣҾҪһӣžӣֻҪ߳ɣѧ
ӦСллӸСӻᣡ
˵꣬ӦСʿʼˡ
ӦСϾɡģǱߵķֻǸͯԼѧʶôοӦСҲСһӦСľ˰أ⡭Ĳһ룡
ô찡ӦС亹ˣôҪҷֻӲͷƤˡ
ӦСɫСӶ֪⺢Ӷ̫ᣬҡҡͷ
ϺӦϿӣǿӦСɫҲ֪鲻ĬĬż
ӦС߿оʱ÷ɿ죬ûһᣬӾʱ䵽ˣѾӸҿɡ
ӦСֻӲͷƤѾӸӿ
ʵѾˣῴӲ߸Ƿӻϸ˿ǾӣϸһĬĬ̾⺢ӵҲ̫˰ɣöĶᣬֵôգƽװܻѧõ
Ƿӷ¾ӶӦڴ˵⺢ӻȥĲãѧõĽȣȥΣɡ
ӿҵϰѻ˵ĺί񣬻˼ǣ⺢СУѧ̫̿࣬ȥúɡ
ڷǸ˵¾˷ӵ˼ӦǻȥϾιѾǷģҲ˼ǿӡ
ӦϾеźȴŴӦСȥúһ飬ٹԿ϶еġǣӦϸӵлȻӦС뿪
˭֪ȴԸߣһӹŷͿͷӣСһɣû
ӵһοֻӲͷƤܾͻûˣ˵ҺҪ·һǾͻ֮ǰѧˣ⺢ӳ̶̫ǲյġ
ϾǲƾӦϺӦСôﻹ߶ţСС
Ӽ״һͽݲˡ
ڷ约߲ճ뵽СҵӣֻܸŷӽŰæȰȰӡ
ӿڷݣʣģ
ڷе㱻˼Ĳ˼ǼȻ˼Ѿʵ飬Ǿͻ󷽷ڵǣġ
е㲻ͷػӻֵˣҲյģǸӻ̫ˣ̲ˣ
ڷץסӵĻʣ˵ӦС̫ӦС𣿡
ӿ˵ɡ
ڷ˵Ǻһֱ飬ǸһӶûŵͯѧ֪֮⺢ܸѧЩʲôأ
ڷ翴ɫһ㣬Ȱ뿴⺢ҪǸĺһֱ飬ҪӣҾῪڣ⺢ӵʦãŻˣȻһλᣬѧϰҪǻϽʱߣҲΪȰˣ
һҲǣ˵ɣû֮ǰѧõѧҵĵӣ
ڷתˣϽл˵ллӣʥ˵н࣬ˡ
ӱڷһȥˡ
ϻڿͷԥԥվˡ
ӿǿ˵֮ǰ֪ӦС⺢ӵʦѧʲãΪǲϽѧôȻӸҽҾ͸һᣬ쿪ʼɣҪǻãҾֻܸˡ


225 ҽ
ӦС˵Լѧ飬رϱ֤һŬġ
Ӱڰ˵˵ûеõ֮ǰѧõѧҵĵӣ
ӦСѾܿˣﻹʲô֣Ͻлӻȥʰˡ
ϿתˣԼҲѧˣ÷·ӦСܽȢһټСˡ
ӦϽӦС£ܿˡ
죬Ӧڵʱǳ̫⣬岻ãʹŴȥڵҰ˸ǻζ
ӦϾʹŴȥ˴Ǳߡ
պȣΧûˣӦҰˡ
ûһᣬһӦе㺦£ϽܵԱ߲Ұ·
һҪǵ£ǰһͷܱһƤ
Ӧվ·߿һȺģ˹żճӦе棬˹ִйô
Ӧţͷһ˾͹ˣӦϹ˵ӣ֪ƵĽ
Ӧе֮ǰǧˣҲûʣҽҸʲô
ͷǸ˻Ƣͽ˵֮ǰǵĶǹþƵģ
ӦӦ֪ûɾƣ͸Ͻͷָ·˵·ֱߡɣҴȥ
ӦҲ˲ҰˣܿòƱ͹٣ܿһ꣬ʲôҰ˰
ͷ˲֪ӦϺͽҵĶԹмӦǸĳˣǾ鷳ˣӴ·
ӦϾͿĵذ쵽լǱߣԼ㵽һ߿֡
ͷĿլֹţ֪طˣȥȥ
ŵǺģĿô˾һλүʲô𣿡
ͷ֮ǰһǧĹƶûģ
һʧɫ֪ԼûپƣԭΪǱûô˻ܻ죬ٶһ㣬˭֪ˣֻǿ򶨸ͷ˵Ժ̫СôˣԵȣȥͨһ¡
ͷͷӦʡ
ĴҴææȥ˵¡
Ҳżˣľƻûһأ
ǶԷˣԼҲֻӲͷƤȥˣſʣƵܸܲҿվݣ
ͷǸҲˬ飬վͳӿˡ
һ֪ģֻԥԥ˵վġ
ͷǸ˿֧֧ᣬֱӴϽӵĻʵôˣأǸʱ䣡
ֻܿ˵ֻǧ
ͷһżˣһĶֻǧôϷ彻һͷѹǶҪû
ͷ²ˣϰεֻǧ
һˣֻ˵Ȼǧȥǰһǲϣ
ͷϣŵͱƽӣٴʣ˵ʲôûо𣿡
Ǹ˵в֮ѾԣӺ˸Ͻ˵ӣ͸վȥ졭һξƶ٣
ͷˣõڽſڵľϿһ£ľŸֽһ϶ϳأӿ򶼿ʧˡ
ͷвЧ죬ҪûоƣһӾǿˣֵǣߣ
ӿȺˣһ̱ڵˣֻܼݡ
һݾʣô찡ô찡
ʱûõˣҲֻܰæϾ֮£ѣ
˵ӣȥϵưɡ
ʣң
˵˵Ҳơ
һ˵԰ȥ
ʰʰȥҡ
˵⣬үװΪѵ˵Ҳǲ㰡ֻҲǵһƣĺܴ󣬳ɱɲ͡
ϻ˵ҳһһ
үٺһЦ˵Ĺʮһ
ӿˣкã̫ˡ
ү˵ɣһٵˣ
ԼҵӣֻܻȥѼеӶˣүһǧơ
Ӵžƻ˼ңϺѾ֪ټ˵ˣϽӭʣ򵽾ˣ
Ӵͷɥ˵̫һֻһǧ
˺ǵģ⻹ʣǧôӴ
Ϻ˵ɣǶҵˮɣ
Ϻ£ҪǱһҿȫˣ
Ϻʣа취ųû٣ǵǮȫȥҲֻһǧ㻹Ǯ𣿡
ϱסˣŲ˵


226 پ
ʵںȺˣҪûоһŪԼģǽӸϽͣ˵öԣֻôˣûǮûƣ˶ˮôء
˵ɾ͸ɣϺ˰Ѿһ֣ǧƶҳһ
ӿһ̳̳һ
ȵڶ콻Ƶʱ򣬽һۣûвˮһ̳򿪸ͷˣͷ⣬ûľʹžˡ
ӼˣֿʼƵˡ
Ϊ¾ʹ˽ˣ˭֪û죬Ⱥٱˡ
Ǹͷţؿŵȴϡ
ϻϵʵˣǻʲôҪչС𣿡
ͷһ˵ȷʵ⣬أˣץ
ŵôʧɫˣлú˵лú˵ϱ˵ģȺٱôϵİһ˲ֱǰϰ
쿴ţԺƺˣʹһ죬ȫҶˣҪ©
ٱһϰѽЩŵѾվסȫˡ
ֻнѾص˴²Ŷһ٣кȥҲûбץ
ٱҲҾмˣֻ֪ҪĽϺϡӶѾ׽ˣû̫ˡ
ǿһʣˣ˵ʲôطˣһģ
ͷľãȻأҪϷͿ๦ߣҲҲǹģֻǿ̫ˡ
ӻǲ֪ԼʲôһֱƱֻΪӸݺݵ޾ͳ˹ȥһ߳һ˵ӼپƣȻ㲻ҪˣҾͰ
һǼپƵ£һ⣬ĪǶˮ鱻ˣǣҳϣҪˣҲ̫ˡ
ǽһ߶һ߸ĵˣǳˣƲǼٵģ
ͷЦһʣ˼𣿡
ǰӴӱмӣ
ϿˣѺĹٱŽӾͿޣʲôӴʵˣ
һֱֲݣҲûԣֱӰ˵˵Ǳ죬ȻԶ죬ֵǣߣ
ҿԷ˵ͲΣԹԱˡ
ѾȺɷˣڸҴӴײײܣȥˡ
յſڣͿվſ
ѾʮһƾȥˣˣֻԼһӵ㶼ˣ
˵ûУֻȥϽˣұˣⷢʲô°
˵ţҲ˹鿴ϢѾĹǣһӿ޳ùáùãȺٱǡ˵;Ǽٵģүү̺СǶˡ
ԭҲйٱŵϢϽ̽һ£˭֪ûլ˵һ˱ˡ
Ҳֽţ֪Ϊʲô𣿡
Ѿ޿˵СǧǾµģûôֻܸˮˣ˭֪ǲΪԭ˼ҽ˵ǻŪǣ˼Ҽپƣ
˵漰Ӹˣָôô˼ǳԻģŪǻһֻϲ࣡
Ѿùǲ֪ŵʱ˵ûоƾͿʼɱģҲû취˰
Ŀֶָÿӣֻܲ廰˵Ǿͱˣ뿴ô̳
һҲǣụָ£ʣʲô취Ͻ˵ҪǾٲĺô
һӣҪǶ˴޴ȥ˭
ϷҪȫףĻǰڳһǳĵ˵ҪȥӦϣĴӦö࣡
еԥǵʱֳǸӡܰæ𣿡
ǽѾ˵ôС廹ǽСҵĵӦòῴԼŮȥģ
һȥӦϵСԺ
Ӧ˵˽ٱ׽˵ϢľˬǽӺĵĶҲн죬ҾͿǵĺ³
ǣӦϽҲûȥСĸŮСԺӰһˣôȿ˻˰ԺǴ򿪣ԺļкڰԽҵ飬Ȩ¾Ʋˣ
˵ӦСԺľ⸱ΣӦϺͽСԺԾ죬ʮֿģкſڵкһԵ㻨졣
ﶼըˣȫҶץˣôӦϺͽСһô֣
ʱѡǣ֪Լ˵ģǾͷŵΣҪ߽Ժӡ


227 Ӧ
ȻǺģͱСҶҪţǿӦϡߡ
ǣźʹһ͸Ͻǰţ߲ңϽߣ
ŭôӦϵ˶ôԼˣ
һƴݺݵ˵Ͻ˵ĵط
Ӧע⵽ߵĳ֣ԭкȥѽǸߣӦͻȻ뵽ǼȻôˣʱ侮ʯһ£ʲôʱܱأ
ӦһȹӣŽСʩʩȻŽѾ߹ȥ
Ӧһĵ߹뿪һӦϳѾͺĲ仯ס˽
ĸڽ˵ǹ˵ģġ
ѹˡ
Ӧ΢ЦſʣӴǴʲô簡ôʲôèҵԺˣ
һ⻰ϾҪըˣǺķӦסԼ˵Ӧ㡭
ӦЦеطʣʲô㰡ҵֻһŮ
֪ʱԼӻӦеһֻ̣ܸĿ˵Ӧ̫̫ҡǱߵľƳˣǱץˣܲܰæ
ӦϿǵӸˣץˣǸðּһӱץ̫أ
ѾʣѵϣСҺͽСǵĵǸ֮𣿡
⻰СұﲻסˣĻһ䣺ҵҵɱ˵
Ѿ˺ݺݵ˵֡
˽ѾԼȥ˵Ӧ̫̫֪ҶԲͷǰɣǲںСƾ٣ϵǱ۵ܹǲ
Ӧ룬Ҳǲں˵ʲôҪӰ쵽Сƾ˾Ͳˡ
Ӧ˵ɣǰѽеĲƲңҾͰǳƣ
ԭӦϿϰæʮֿģ˭֪ӦϾȻʨӴ󿪿ҪеǮ˻ǽ˾ȳҲûʲôð
һӦ˵ߣû٣ҾͲûҾ;Ȳǣ
ӦЦ˵ңֲȥǣܾͽܣܾ߰ɣҿȥȺĸεġ
޺޵ŽѾͺˣԭ˵ʲôֱӴ˵˵ʲôſЦߣ
ֻܱŽˡ
ӦϿǼ۵ˣʮֿģŽСһ˵ߣóԵġ
Ǳ߽ߺĺͽѾӪȽˣֱȥѧҽɡ
ỹϿβ֪ıʣúֶŮе֣ʣʱôˣ𣿡
һˣŰѽ˵һ飬ص˵Ӧϵġ塱
һôҲˣǾȥ˽լ취
յլſڣ˹֪ǣϺǱϹˣϴǸϽȥ
ǣִŽͣȥš
պ
ʣǽپƣǿ
ϺϹ˵ˣǶǰӦϺͽСҸķľư
һľľʣⶩ¸ǵӵ˭
Ϻǡ
ʣȻӦϺͽСʲôϵ˭ķѵǵ𣿡
Ϻ粻ֻܹڵϼġ
ӿˣһͻȻ뵽˰취СʧܣǵĴҲǹģһвǴģ찡پƵĲǣǡң
ˣ˰ҵľƺͽҵľһһ֣
һ֪ǶˮģڷֱȽһ½ָĴĺͽԼġ
Ѿ˾ϡ
ҵľƱȽҵĺãҵľƶˮ
һҶˣˮʱΪ˲ܵ顣
ʣˮĸɵİɣҵľƶˮҲɵİɣ
֪¶ֻܳϡ
һľľУ˸ʮ壬˻ǧӹһ£⽪ҾƷ
ϺˣϣһֱѺһߺٲˣٹٹ໤ˡ
æϣˣΪάԼϣ˵ãĿϺʮ壬ã
ѾͽУʣ˵ӣǧӸô
Ѿҧҧ˵ȥһûʲô취ܸо
ǸۿƮƮӣҡҡͷɻ⣬ָ۵һӡ


228 ӦԮ
ɫźһ㣬ۿ˿ΧûעʱɺͽѾ˵˲ǵˣ
ɴʧɫ
۽˵ⶩƵפǼҵľƲˮøƵİٷ򳤰˴򣬰ٷҪҲƤ֮ࡣ
˵ӸǸۡ
ˣͲһѻ˵ȫˣҪôŪþƣǲˮٸǰٷ֣ҪôǾ͵һžһ·ɣҲǵӴ󣬹ٱĶ٣ȻѰ˼ңǮҲˣôŪˣ
һҪûоƺӣԼȫҿҪͬȪ֪ºˣϽ۵лǣȻŽȥ취ˡ
Ҳ˲ϸӦˣϽ˵ӦǱоƣֻȥˣ
һӦϾеԥҲĻẦһֻܴŽȥӦϡ
ǰ֮ûֱӽţǴŽһӦϵСԺſڡ
ھǿһ˹ſڷ׷׾۹֣˽ôˣ
㻹û˵ҳˣ
ǹӦӰæ𣿡
ҲŰ

˿ȥӦϣӦϲǣͷԸ˴ŽգҪὪˡ
û뵽˾ģһ͹ϡ
ڼ佪Ѿһأˡ
ýѾȻؼϢѾϿƵľ裬ҡҡͷ˵ӦӲӦæҾͲҲҪӦӰæ
ʱھеѾʼͬ齪ˣϾһСﶼιȥһˡ
е˾ڰӦ̫ģΪ˲
ӦϵȥʱˣϽݸӦϡ
ӦϺ޺޵һӣȺˣûԵ±ԹԱֱ
СЦŲƴڻ˵ѧĲ׷ӵĻˡ
ӦϱСҶЦˣȻиӦΪԼķΪ˽ӵӦϻǳȥ˽ǡ
ӦϺԼѾǾˣҪǴ˶ԼٲãԺСǣǽС˵׵ʱȽϳԿ
ӦĬĬοԼΪ˴ƿ
ɿӦϳϽӦϿͷ˵áӦǰɣһƺòã
ӦȻˣǻʲǿӦϴһǵʱҷּҲʱɲô˵ģ
Ѿ֪ӦеǺϴηּҲʱǽҵۣӦҲҪǮǽѾ˵Ҫʲôֱ˵ɣֻҪУ㣡
ӦЦЦ˵ҿǵӣƽװǣҲ⣬ǰѵʱּҵʱмҲҰɣ
ɲֱ֪ӴӦ˵ԣ
Ѿȴһֱ֪ҵľǽѾ˵ﻹʣʲôΪǧ
Ӧϲͷǿֱ˵ûǮдǷҲи԰øҵծʣµдǷ˭ôӻûģ
ӦϼֻҰæļ۸񣬾Ƶ㣬Ҫҵľƶ԰ɣ
Ӧ˻ϵˣȥһ飬Ȼ֪ҪûоƽҾ޷ˣ
֪ӦڱΪ˼˵ֻܴӦˡ
ӦЦһҲн죿
ǣӦкֽʹȥֽʣǻȥӺ͵ɣһдǷȻҲġ
Ӧ˵ͻԺˡ
ܣԼұûʣʲôǮˣһֻ֣ʲôҵ׶ûˡ
ɵѹֻܰο˵ֻҪھͺá
⻰Ҳ֪Ϊ˰οɻǰοԼ
Ͼһ뵽һӶҪӦϣԺһҪӦϾ;ۡ
ѹҲҵ󣬸ϽؼӺ͵ȥӦд顣
õӦϸƾ֮󣬵ڶ콪ɾȥš
ûлԩģ˸ˣ˽
Žɹʣô
ɰӦдƾݸ˵ˣŪһƣ˰ɣ
ҡҡ˵λٷΪľƲˮϷˣͬô˵ˣôһҪǰӣ
ɰԼʣƱһ
ӵķϻɫ˵ǻ𣿸λٷ͵Ǯȥ飡
˭֪λٷ򳤿ӵķͬⲻýΣǰһҪ
ɼٷʮּᶨٲȥλٷ򳤿ܾͲҪˡ
ҧҧŰٷ˸˵л˿嶣


229 м
ôǱסˡ
죬ɾҪӽ˳ηλٷȴס˵ţ˰ߣ
ɹ˵һһֻҸϣܲסôӣñһ¿ɺã
ٷ룬Ҳ´͵ͷӦˡ
ԭ潪Ϻӣϲϣ˵ĸΣҪƾٵˣһǼҾͳûָˣҺͽɣ
ӲϲƫĽɣȫ汼ǲܲΣǽ˵ɣǶˣܲס
ǣӾͺ潪Ϻʮӡ
ԭ潪Ϻеİӵģλٷ򳤲֪ˮ½ϺзݣܲȻʲ
ǣֻ۰ѽϺѺţʣµʮӡ
˭֪Ϻˣ򵽶ʮӵʱ򣬽Ϻһ£۵İӾʹˣϺȱˣ
ӺͽҲΣֻȱŽϺؼˣ
ӦϺͽСȥ˽һڴһ㴫ˣ˵ʲôĶУܽҲ֣һֿģһġ
˵˵ӵôӦϣӦζҪ뿪ӣΪ⵵±ٸȥ޷ǾǱӦˣȥ²ǺӦϵˡ
Ҳ˵ҲǽСҵ׵ȥҲԵ±ԹһԺ²ҲӦҾʲôҲ˵ϵӦȥȽӣӦҿլʺ񰡣С⺢ӣպҲضˡ
ЩӦ˶ӦܲˣӦϲĿԼͽСұ˵лõıˣЩĻԼҲգŽСңӦΪۣܲοСһǸδĹ˱۷׷ףܹǲõġ
ӦϺӦ˷ƣȰ˵˵ɣҲסǵ죬¾ҺСģȻжϣҲСҵ
ӦϵҶףֻﻹǲζ˵ЩĻá
ӦϺӦϻˣñ㲻ˣô˵Ǿ͵ûúùԼӣûУ
ӦϿЦˣģǷҲϡ
ڽߣ̬Ȼ޷Ӧƽ͡ûֻ̬֪ȥģ᲻һʲôҪ̯⵵£һеϢҲ˾ذ
ϺҲ״̬Ȳ˶ˣÿ춼ܷ꣬ʲôߣ鲻˾ˤ룬ÿ춼ںϳܣҲʱʱһٽӡ
УϺϺеأ󲻵á
п˿ϺȣϸһսϺ״̬תʰöнӳ˵
Ϻˣô鷳ֱ˵ͺáȣҪòã
гһ˵˿뽪ӣϵֱ˵ɣҼͷôˣ
мˣֱ˵ȣպǺúõҲֻܡҲֻܡҲ²˴ˡ
Ϻһ˲˵ʲô
мϺˣֵֻҲվˡ
Ϻһʱûгٿ˹ȥ
ϴ󾪣еͷ--
æУнӰİ򿪡
з½ϺȻĵϺ£Ϻѹ
ֻǻûЦ㷢ֽϺ̬ԣϺ޹⣬㶣ԼҪϲ֪Ҫʲôֻܷһ߾ŵ˵ͷӣɶѽ
Ϻ֮һļдʵҪȥߣﻹũҪҵȥѵظˡ
Ӻ϶Կһۣǻ񣬽æסϸףŸײ
ѾƲסԼᣬ޵ͷô˰ɱ˰
ýӰѽϺڴϣԼģϺ˼룬ֻϺͣһ㣬ֻǻڴϣʧﲻͣ߶ţҵû£һܳȥɻɵʱʱЦһ¡
ϻֻ֪ˡ侲һ£ʵҵôˣ
еһʱ˴̼Ҳ֪ããҲܾһֱˡ
ӵǿô찡һðǰ
еɣԺÿ춼Ҹ̶ʱ䣬ģһֱȥ˵ãҲһͻЧӶĴ̼̫ܵˣҸղ뱳˵£Ҳ˼ôˣȻǾ񣬶ָ


230 ʼ
ֻ˵ҽԺ󣬿ɶҪ˰
кͽ˵˵ҪעĶ뿪ˡ
˴򣬻ݿæɱ޻Ӱ
ϷڽӵĻһСᣬͻȻ̧ͷ޺޵˵ֽСҺӦϣҪȻǼôˣô
ӿĸףһʱԡ
ϺмҲܿ촫ȫ壬ε뷨һ£ǽϺ˱Ӧ֮ǰЩ¶ˣһӦ˰
ﻹдԣ˵ÿ찡·˽ңȻڼƿڴӦϺͽСҡʲôУӦϺôǰǽҵϱǽСңǽҵŮµȥ˺ģ
һʱ֮䣬˶ԽҶͲԶ롣
ֻҪ˾һ𣬾ͱضۼ佪ңۺʱȫǶԽҵ
𴲣иϺģָϺúõϴһӣææѾˡ
⼸ÿ춼ˣͲ֮ǰµᣬÿŽϺֵָӦϺͽСңͲӦϲú
緹ˣѾϺͽϺͷϸոոϺӣﻹɱӦϣǼңǼңԼôãһˤ
Ѿѷ˷ŵϣˣҲ޺˵ĸŮ͸òúˣԼ¼Ǻ޲ɱ˽Сҡ
ϵҲǲú˼ڶϼҴҵˣҲֻ˵˵ˡ
Ѿ۾һת˵ҲûлˣȻˣҲǲܶɽһƣƣҲʲôȲǵģˮתʮӶʮǶӮǣ
˵ﻹЩǴմǮ˵ܼơ
Ѿ¶ϲɫȥһҲġ
ãȻ֪ҵѻɽֻ󣬵עʧٵһ̣Ҫ㵽˭ͷˡ
˵н㹻ơ
Ҫ֣ڼˣҲܹ͵ֻ֣ڼţ˰ʵɥʧҪͶڼܸɻģֻнѾɣĲ㣬ĵչ˽ӡ
ˣҪȥƣЩ̫æˡ
һ£ɼֲ˵ҰҵܵܽΣǿ𣿣
ѾͽһۣѾ˵ֻҪǷͺá
ɵã
ѾЦ鷳ˡ
˼ɵĵܵΣĸ˾֮жǾȥչӣڣɽΪʣҪɽơ
ӦҲҪʼˣСȥƷһ£ڶ쿪ʼơǴžƷ˰һ£챣˳ָҰһ񣬱׼ڶ쿪ʼʽˡ
ڶҪչӣСûʲôֻǼල˴ɨƷ
СھƷţֻ˴׳˽һߺС㣡С㣡
СҼ׳ܵļæżʲô¶Ҳһ㣬˵
׳ԺһСᣬŵС㣬ϵɽ髣ȫˣ
С֮һ˲ûˣ
׳ǵģС㣬ȫûˣ
СҵʺƵĹӾɽ髣ľõģôȫˡ
Сţȫ廹˭ôĹȥ޷ǾΪƣ˭أѵǽҪƣ
Сʵ֪˭𣿡
׳ˣ԰԰˵˴û
Сҽд׳ȥչĹӣԼһ˼ţţһ̧ͷ½վſڣЦŶԽС˵ʲôأô񡣡
СҵҾƷ£ȥɽ髣˵еɽ髶ˣ˵Ǹûˡ벻ô¡
½һ㶣˼ʲôСҼ˱ʣôˣ뵽˭𣿡
½ŽСңɵĵ˵ͷ뵽һˡе֣Ҹоġ
Сҵ˭
½ء
Сȴ˵ùܺأҪʲôססǸҲ̫ˣǻǰ°ɣ߻Ҫö˼ء
½һҲǣǮҲٵ˼ҸϵĴ󻧺ȥʵǲǣһҺģֻ³Բ˶ߣ


231 
½С˵Ƶ£ͻȻĹȻ࣬ȴûԶĵطҪû˰æ͡
½ʣСң֪Ӧ齨˳𣿡
С䲻һˣе֣ô½ʼӦˡ
СҺô֪ģ֪ѽ
½һ׽Сû뵽һֱӽ˵Ҳ˵ģҲ齨
СҲΪȻǿԹ˻ֱӸӦҵĳ߰ûбҪԼˣ
½˵һӦҵĳæԼĻæҪ𣿽ˣǧ֮˭֪ᷢʲôأҪиһ岻ˣ£ʱɾûطȥˡ
СһҲǣӳԶ˻ӦҵĳӶ㣬Ҫ۹ԶǻҪԼĳӡ
ǽСͬ˵УӣҾȥһ֧ӣ
ϣСҾͰ齨ӵӦ˵ˡ
Ӧ˼һ˵ȷʵӦõģ游Ǳ߽공ӷ࣬͵üʱҲͶˣȻ£ǴӳɣеҲҪһ¡
Сʣʲô°
ӦóĹ԰ݸСҡ
Сùϸ˿ʣ԰й𣿡
Ӧϵͷ˵ԣǽҰѹ԰ǣǲģֻ»ᱳʹֶΣҪҵ˰ǿŵ㣡
СҸ͵һɣϵѾæˣ԰ֻҪˡ
Ӧʣ˵ȥ˻ˣ
Сһ½ׯӦׯеˣûر׵ģ֮ǰңµʱǻӦȥӦģ;úġ
ҲӦ϶Ƕã̼˵æ磬ʲôǮ鶼ûǣǵʱô˵ģʲôӦ̫ݣ;ʲôȣ
ֻ˵ӦϵһƬҲι˹ˣҪһĿڻҪڴסţܸ̫һһȥ
뵽СҾ;˵ȥ˰ɣû׵ģ֮ǰҳǲֵʱôǣ̫ˣֶûģֻΪһܳǣӣҲģ
ӦһҲǣȻ˵΢һ㣬һǩȥ˸ɻĶˡ
Щ鶼˾ϣӦϿɫҲˣͶԽС˵ȥ˯ɣҸһȥ򼸸˸ɻ
СҵͷӦϵˡ
ȵڶ죬ӦϾһţŽСȥϵӼȥ
ӾǸūˣйٸĺ˽͵͵ɵ֣ӦΪ˰ȥһٸӣ֮ǰҲǸġ
ǸҶš֮ǰСһûʱԲһۣģʮķָˣ˭֪Ȼ˽һţȴֻʮ꣬һĶԽСͷֻһӣؾ
ſӦϴŽСˣǿģӦӣϡϡӴ֮ǰǼ˻ðɣ
ӦҲſãǻ˼ңһһģʮھͺã
ʣӦӣҪũ
Ӧ˵ԣҪǰҴ԰ӣܸɻоģ
룬ó˼ӦϿ⻧޶˶ʮ긻ǿиʮ꣬ҲֵܰͣǱģճɲòһأҲǷ޶ʮ꣬һһŮ꣬Ů꣬ԭǷǵһũģű⻧ţ޶ʮʮ꣬ӣһʮһʮ꣬ҲũΪﱻ
ӦϿ⼸ͦʵģеԥСʣܲܵ濴һ£
˵Уǳ
Ǽ˼ҶˣСҿǸŮ۾תо̫֣
͸Ӧ϶˵Ҫǻĺŵİɣ
Ӧʣصôˣ
Сһش˵Ů̫֣Ҳϲ
Ӧ˾͸˵Ҫĺŵġ
žͰӦϣӦӸǮ
ǮʮֿģԸ˼˵ԺˣҪӲкӹ
˼ŵŵӦˣӦϺͽСҿͷ
ӦϾòˣһȥ˹԰ǽһ¡
Ӧϴֱȥ˹԰
СҲһȥϤ԰
˭֪ὪϺҲǱʰŰߵĶߡ


232 Ϻ
⼸죬ΣϺµˣϧȻеʹϾֻŹ·
ϱպҲԼϺˣץһѹӳЦеؿŽϺһȳһձűߣϱһСӳ˵ȰӴⲻǽ̫үôϹˣʹ˰
ϺһŮһʶתͷһۣǰߡ
ϱܷŹ֮ǰҳ£ƤȥӦϵ鱻֪ˣ⽪Ƥôô񰡡Ӧ㱻ۡ
ǣϱɤӣ˵ԣ̫ү긻ǿҪȵˣôѽˣǱүȳģ
Ϻáȳ֣ԴӴű̧еĴ˵пܻȳһӣʣµﶼ˽š
Ϻŭֺ£ʶ⼸һȳ͡ˡҶη;˵⼸֡
ϱɲǣϱʹϴ
Ϻһȳ֣ʮϵĶӵָϱСˣôţӦҵǸ˳𣿡
ϱԺǺһЦұʲô𰡣ⲻѾ˱ӦȣһӶò˰ɣүҰ򼸸ȸúòð
һһ䶼ϺʹĵطϺԭ棬ϾԼǸӻǳһֶӱϱÿȴܲˣȾϱȥ
ϺȽŲ㣬Ȼʧ˹ȾվˣһӵڵϣҺ֮ǰڵϵĶһ£Ȼ֪Ҫˤʲôأ
ϱȻŮӣСʤᣬȳԼɹһͱܿˣȻͿϺˤˣϱòֲ˵ӴүôأΪԼȽźõʱ𣿡
⻰ĽϺش󺿵ˣˣҪϵ˵񶾵Ůˣ
ϱЦøˣȥ㿴ұݻ㱻ȥ
ʱϱӦϹˣҲüϺˣԶӭȥӦ˵Ӧ㣬ʰ԰˰һиϲ԰ȥ鿴ǸϲûƻЩʲôҪУٺ٣ҾͰȥ٣
ӦȻϺˣŲǸϲģϱֽԼļˣ˼һһţܹ԰ģͷҿŵ԰ʲôֱӷԸȥˣ
ϱ˸Ӧ˵Ӧ㣬⼸۹ã
ϱӦһ𿪿ĵػǱ߽Ϻû˹ȣԼֵڵϣеҸ˰һ¡
ϱӦϣһȺ滹ǽСҿƣټԼŮҪǲһТѹ
ǽϺ彪С֣ʾ⽪Сҹ
˭֪СҾ͵ûǽϺֻܺСТģ游ˤ˻æ
СֻûӦϺϱѡ
Ϻֻܶݺݵ游ˤڵҲһ£ⲻТŮӴүкãТŮˡ
ϱЦ˵㣬ȵϲҪһԼȥˣ
ϺˣŮһʶʵϾֻ˵ҹܽŮʲôТŮŲҰ
ӦϺԼŮҲģҲһԼ˶ȱû𣿾˽²޵ϼһﻹָТкӾ촹ˣ
Ϻ˷б±սҵջŲźңôˣЬһƽϡ
СӦϱǣҲ˻ȥ㲻Ǳ𣿾ӦսûڵĶ
ߵһ̰ᶼ˹ЦؿŽСҺӦϸϺĶʱʱ䣺⽪ϺŮģ
ӦҲǸǵİ㿴ġ
游ĲԣҲӦö游
ֻǺҲûڣ游ǲ𣿡
СҲһߵƫԼߣֻӦϣʾӦסڡ
ȻԼɤӶΧ˵ҾӦ棡
ʲô氡кʵ
С˵Щɷ˸ϳѽÿʱÿּܶأ
СҵıһЩ˵Ӧ̫ݵˣ˭Ǯģ˭йϵӵģ
˭֪ڳ˷׷ͬ


233 Сҵķ
Ҷ˵ӺãʡЩ˰ܻķ
԰鷸Ƶģûɻǡ
޷֮ͽŮټ֮ȷʵҪᳫ
ϺϽˣϾ֮ǰͨ飬ͽһ𱻸پƣҪˣһϳӵľ͵ǽˣ
ϺҲ֪ʱСʲôΪ˲ۣΪתƽСҵעϺϽֽŲȥȣŴ´ʱ͵͵ˡ
Ȼ罪ϺϣһϺˣСΪȺ˶¾˵ɣǻ¾ˡ
ҿСҺӦϴ߽԰Ҳɢˡ
ϱȻһȥ԰֮ǰӦϾͽæŵ԰ӣɹɡ
ϱŽСҸ̾˵СҰ취ࡣ
Ӧǫ㣬СӼҼҵĻǲҪ̫¶âĺá˵ӦϾָ԰ļСӸ˵Ǿס⼸ÿ츺չ˹磬ÿ겻꣬ӳҪ߳ҪҾͰǷˣ
ӦС˵ʲôһӸһ桱ʲôʩӦϽ˵ҪǸɵúãȹŮū
ͷūūĺҲūҵĲƲҲһǮ£Ǵ
˼ΪֲѾΪū׼ˣû뵽ӦլʺԸū壬ȻڻûӱһͷԼʲô˷ܣиͷǡ
ʶӦϳŵ˵Ѽ˵һʵعӦϿ˸ͷ
ӦϿǸжӲٵģֽһչ˹ע
˼ǰҲǸɹũģûһ֪ˣӦȸţʣǾ鿴
Щ飬ӦϾ͸ϱ˵԰ԺͰˣʲô㾡ܿڣ
ϱֵеԼɣοӦҲǲǮܴʱ䣬ǮãԼøһܵôԶƻʡ
ӦʲôǲҹɷҲҪ㶢ŵģ㰲һ㿴ˣϱؿĵر֤
˵Ǳ߽Ϻ˼ңϿϺ·϶ǿݲݺΪϺԼˤˣϽȥʣˤû˵
ϺʾȰѶýȥԼµһˮȡ
Ϸ궫Ϻſ˵ˤǱǸТŮСŪã
ʮ˵⡭ӦôܹԼŮôҶ游֣ȥ
ͷɻľǸТҪ˸ҷᣬعҪͷģصĻҪͷԳ־صһ֡
Ϻס˵վס㻹֪𣬶ӦϵĹˣôǣ
Ϻ˼˵ʵ飬ֻܺȥ
һĨᣬһ߿һ˵ӿôӴ
ϺҲĬˣ˵أ콪С˵Щµ˸ϳӣЩƤǳĶɶ˵أ
һʹסˣѾպûЩϽȥŽϺ˵ɲУҪǱϳȥǡ˵ҵĺܣûŵĵط£սңǿɡ
Կ޵ĸˡ
Ϻһ˵ʲôޣôͿʼɥ𣿡
ְŮ˵Щ¶Ժˣȹ˺ǰɣ㰲ģǲ뿪ӵģҪǸҸߣҾһӵҲǺù
Ѿ룺˵ͲһӵôˣȴûأУҲܸǰһҪѰ·
˼ˣѾʣĸ֮ǰ˵һǮ˼ҪҼ޹ȥǻŽҼ޹ȥǼǲܵЩñСԲ⣿
ϺΪŮΪһ˵Ļ·Լ룬ʮָжŽѾ˵Ѿû뵽Т˳㰲ģһҲôģ
Ѿﰵ̣ߣ˭ʱˣûģ
ˣⲻΪһ÷
ǻ˼֮ǰ˻ԴǼұٱ׽ȥ֮ûϢˡ
ʱҲ˵Щʲôǰǻ˼һϽѾɡ
ϰοŮ˵ӦÿϢˣ㰲ĵŰɣҪǼĺãҾ͸޹ȥ
һεķ粨İѽ˶סˣһü춼ҳţ˶ñȥ


234 ʥּ
СҺ⽪ּβ˵״̬ҲͲǸǳӵˣϾŵĲ´ЬģҪǸǣһתֻǿɾˡ
ӣһʵøȥŻңЧֺãַ㡣
СҾûҪ¶ˡ
ת۵죬ӦϿŹճɲЪһˡ
ӣСѾʮˣת۾Ҫ޳ȥϱˣӦÿǷŮܶ࣬ŶŮܵױ
ӦϾͰѽСҺ˵СҰҲҪޣǼҪӱˣ
СһԽ£һ⽨ŮûȨĵط飬˵ôż𣿲ǻһӣ
ӦֻСҺˣͽ˵е˼ҼŮֻüɱӷ³Ǽܰųϵ޻ոóһ㱱ߵ޻Լ˵
ӦϺһˮ˵ǣǱӵóģõĳвңҪһӡ滹Ҫ廨ͼӵǿͼ壬ҲҪʱɣ
Ӧ§Ů˵㣬ڿʼ׼æúܣ԰ɣɲҪ׼ˣ
СҲӦϵһĸĳ˵׼ŰɣʲôҪĸ˵Լžˡ
ӦϵͷӦˡ
Ӧæ廨ӣǱӦȴӭһȺͬѰĿˡ
̫үŹٱӦׯֱӦҶȥƣ׷׶ؼңŴԼ˭
տʼӦҲɰ˺ͷԣôˣ
ǿͣӦɻǳӭȥˡ
˭֪һɾ˵ǸϽʰһ£һʥּǼҪˣ
Ӧ֪ϽʣôʰССûЩ
ӦɻżӦɾȥԺ˵Ҿ֪ǲʥּģȰѴȫԺмڸ㰸
ȫ˴˶ҪԺţ
ȴּĴʥּǾ͹¿ͷһȥʥּ
УʥּԺŪ಻𻵣Ҫù
ŪԼ˵һѡ
ӦɾĻ֮ˣһ˵ߣǸϽŴ˵
̬ȶɫڻһ㡣
ʰûãּ̫ˡ
һʥּ֪ԭҪ깱ƣһ£
Ͼϰȵľƣٹ˿϶ҲȣǼһ¶˺öˣ
ӦϺϲϽȫҿͷлȻȥʥּ
ӦüСѲǸϽ봫ּ̫Ȳ裺λ۳Ͷˣûʲôöʤڶʣλºȿڲߣ
Ǵּ̫࿴Ӧͦϵ˵ãһȿڲɣ
ӦɼǴӦˣϽǽ
ߺϿȲ裬ҵԼõĲҶˣ˵㽪С±ȥ
ּ̫֪˼кòȣ豭һڽʾͷˣתɨ±еʣɫĸʲôͦµģ
ӦɸϽ˵ǱƤ±ŮŪģԣ㲻
˵±ʹּ̫඼Ȥһһ
ּ̫һھ̾ϻˮģͦȤġ
Ҳ̾
Ƕ⣬Ӧɵˣݰ˴ּ̫˵ǡǮ
ҲˣǮ˾͸ˡ
Ӧ֮ǷˣӦͦ˳ġ
صݣȴӦϺüͷڿϱͶҲһš
Ӧɲ֪ʣ²Ǻ˳ôüϲ°
ӦϺ̾һ˵ҿʥּҪĹƣ
Ӧ֪е֣ôҪӦϵľȴԼ߳˻̣ӦŮӦҴӷ˵һˣ
Ӧ˵ʥּӦøﰡҲ
⻰üϱŻˣӦɰѻ̵ͷóȥӦǻ̸ǿûйϵӦǻǺǵĶŮ档
ϿӦɺӦϺü³¾˵ܻΪǼҵİɣ˵ҲǼˣʥּҲ
Ҳ˵ȥƾˣǮһ׬°
ϱǶӦɺӦϺΪŮѻ̵ͷóȥ
ϿǳҲֻ˵ɣǶǮˣ
ӦϺֻͬ⡣Ͼڴּ̫ѾˣҲûطô¡
ȴţӦֻȷȥš
ԭ̽ϢӦϺֻ˵ɻʶҼҵľƳ˹ƣոּġ


235 ɻ
˷׷׹ϲ˵Ǵ°
ӦҪˣ
ҪǳԷ
Ӧɳǹ֣ϯǿ϶ģһҪ
ϳӦھӾֱӳȥӦˡ
Ӧ廨˸ϽúϽôˣ
̾һ˵ǼҽʥּҪǼҵľƣ
Ӧ˵ⲻǺôüͷ
Ӧ׼ҵľƣһľƷһֱԼСҵľƷȳʥּξƫƫҪԼҵľƣ
ӦɻȴҲֱ˵ʵҪľƶЩưʲôƺȲξͿߵľˣЩӾ˻ϵˣ
ԥһ˲ʵʵ˵Щơ
ӦһһţеɻԽԽأɫҲѿϿ˵ľƣÿһԼͽСҵľƷ֣࣬ԼҲŶһݵľơ
ҪľƣԼҵľƣǻȴԼҵľƷӦϲ֪кۣ˵кֶΣ֪Լõ̵ģҲ֪ԼĸĸΪˡ
ӦвãɫҲӲãȻҲóЩ˵Ρ
СҼæĸЩƣǼҵľƷҪǰæľֱ˵ǵľƷǰѾƸϺúˡ
ˣдϲŽСǵֶ£ǰԼĴææЦϣ⻹ǣľƣ鷳ߵľƷˡ
СҲЦŻصĸ˵ʲôܰæĶᾡʲôҪֱ˵ͺã߶׼š
ӦϿŽСˣҲûж˵ֻǳĬţЩʲô
һʱЩĬϿ˿Ӧϣ˵һСԷɣþöûˣôæԶٷա
СæЦӦˣʵ̫æˣɣĸȻȥҺĸʰһ±Ϲȥ
ϵãǱġȻȥгԵĲˣժ߲ͦˣȥˡ
СЦ֪ˣĸҶˡ
ִһ½СҵĶͷͲҵˣ
Сסϵ֣˵ĸĻ³𣿡
ϵȻˣɣһϲԵģһϲԵģΣ
ӦˣЦЦǵȻ͵
˺֮ӦϵҲװסˣСӦϻ˷䣬Ŵˡ
ӦɫʮֲãԽСҵǾƷͶǵľƣΪηҪǣ
Сҵǲ𣿡
Ӧ֮һ˲ЩģôãȴӦеĶˣҲǺԥõõġǱϾңҲǸˣȿֲġ
Сҵͻʼ˴򽻵ĲףҪСĽ˲ŸʣǼСҪѧССʣŮˣʣ֮Ƿͷ̫ˣз硣
Ӧ֮һ㶣ͷϸ˼һ Ȼ̧ͷŽСҵˣȥ·ǵȻȥӦׯ
Сҵá
ϿӦϺͽСһ·Ͻӭȥ
ӦʱȻСǺӦϵȻܿӦϵǿ
ʶӦϵ˵Ҳ֪ô£ҿԱ֤ļֵܺɩӶûȥЩʲôˣ޿ɸģ̵ͷֻӦңʲһһ𷢵ġ
ӦҲ֪ͰӦҵЩȷʵҲûа취ڻ̵ͷʲôӦҲɫĺϵְ
һ˾Ӧׯȥˡ
ӦǱ¡
ϿӦϴŽСҹæָʥּ˵ǻûʥּɣݼһ£
ϿϴҫɫһӾŭͷ
ŮոպãϱôһţֻŮҪĸԼģ
ǵһκϸϱ˻𣺡ûɫĶϽȥƤǳʥּΪľƲеģߵɪʲô
⻰ֻôϣҲôʣµĶӺϱ۸ȻǵĻͷͲ
ȻӦ˻ɫںˡ
ӦϺе㽩ͳת⣺Ǽôϲ²ܲ˳Ը˵ʲôʱ򷽱㣿
ҲǰźڱʾӦϵĵλ
Ӧ˵Сķӹܵϣײ٣Сż˰죡
ͷѧú͹ٸһһѮһݡ
ӦϺ룬Ѯݻ죬ҲԶպʱ׼׼
ӦϺһİ;Ѯˡ


236 ϵ˼
Ӧ˵½ˣðѸأһƯƯģ
ӦЦ˵ã߶ͣҾ΢֡
ӦϺԭŮĴ٣ῴӦЦÿҲͰˡ
ŮĳãӦﲻǻҲǴȣ̵ͷôһűӦңӦϲܲ⡣
ӦϾԷˣֻǼӵȰ˵Ч
ӦϺ͵ؿӦĽСҡ
ŮʮѾһϳصӣҪǴʶ壬͵ĺֵָģټ
Ҳע⵽ӦϺ֪ӦϺʮŮ
ֺγأ󷽡֪Ӧׯͽׯ϶ҲôŮӡ
ϴһҪѽСȢӦҡ
Ӧạ̊́СҼ޹ֻ֮ǰӦǮӦҶ࣬˼Ůڣϼףʲôã
Ѿ⣬ҸŮڲǳϣֻ˵߰ɣ߰ɣǳԷȥѾˡ
ӦϺͽСҸ£ϾͿˣææ
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⻰ﻰ˼ҪӦϽеطȻ֮ǰӦϽȫƵҲûٲ˽
ӦϺϱ˼Ӧ˵ֱȥˣǱ죬һûֵǼ˵ĵزϹľƱǱ߽˫ļǮ˭Υ˭ʹȥ
һӶսսҳӦڰˣȻûл̵ͷԼǮƲҲ
ӦЦŴԲˣǳԷɣ
Ӧϳһ
ӦϵҲˣӦҵ϶ˣ᲻˵ҪСҼ޹
ϸ뿪ڣϾͳˣ֮ǰ˵ӵģôҪǻ򲻵Ҫ̽ң
˵ϳź˸
ϲԣǻѡȲ
ȷˣʣסҪסڼھȥʰ
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ӦϾʹŽСҸǻؼˡ
ӦϺͽСһߣϾʣ϶ҵģոôˣ
ոҪѹ𣿡ʵ
һ⻰ϻû˵ʲôѾ¿ˣЦ˵ոң˵ҲõĶ㿴ɲֹҵأĺöϱ
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ϵӦϵĶôһ˵ͱ̰ˣˣ
ʱֻܽ˵ǻˣΪҪڲסˣҪĶô
УãԼžˣϳʲôҶû˵أ֪ˣɼƽʱ˶ˣ
˶еûϵ
ϲִֺˣҪϣϻ˵
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ԴӦСʹСҾ֮ͶԽСͦõģԺƻ£һá
⣬Ҳϱֱʣ϶ҵģСҼ޹˵Ҹô£
һ׸ոպ˵ʲôȻˣȴһһңҺøոմˣ
ȴֱ˵ֻſڣҪҪ룬᲻ʱ򰡡
ϲʵôˣǼҸոձɻ̣СҼ޹Ҳ㲻Ĺˣôʺˣ
Ͽе㲻죬Ͻ˵ΪոճΪ̲Ųʰ밡Ϊ̵ͷ϶ʹ죬Ǿ˵ҪȢСңСҿ϶ƣ϶Ҳ֪ط᲻ΪҪطҪСҼ޹
ϲΪ˵Ȼе㲻ʹ죬ΪŮҲôģģôң
ϼϸ⣬ֽ˵аˣ֪ģ𣿡
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СҰϽ˵СסǼҵǶӣСڳǣæͦϡˣҾƸСҵֱʡ


237 
ϸҲǣȻ㱿ҲôϡŹֵĵȷʵֱʡ
ΪʲôҪ˵Լģʡ
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˵ȹһǮ˵ǻԹһ㣬Ҳÿڡ
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Цͬ˼ͺãСǱȻҪһʵġ
ϺӦһû˵
ʰһӣͻȻ𻰲磬Ҳ˵СŮ㲻ǣǼҲһǶԶϱ㹻õģСҲóοСǿųģǲܿ⺢ӵġ
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Ϻû˵ϹģΣȥСҺСǣԸԸ⣬ԸˣҿСҵǲһԸ⡣
˱Щ죬кβԸ⣬Իȥ˵㲻Ҫˡ
ϺЦſһۣϣƢô󰡣
ڶ죬һģϳŴˮԼԱߵھ죬һʼ۾û̧һֻۣǺԼĵĶӦйأϸ
һʼҲֻԼʲô̵ģвµǸľƷھ̰ˣת뿪ʱȴһģӦҿǺø˻̣Ժָǲóˣ
֮󾪣һɣˮͰҵ˵ϡ
ǻж߿˹һϾʧӣɫ㶼ЩЦζ
ȻҲöЩϵĲмзȻҲ㷢Щ߳ܺ޴룬·˿͸ģϰˮͰ˵ĴˮĿбӵĻ˼
ϵ˼̱סˣһӣˮ£ԱߣӰˮ˹ȥɻʵôˣ˭ˣ
ſڱ˵ûУӦӼˣ˻̣ӿˣϿʲôˣʲôʸƾʲô
֮ҲΪ𾪣æǴ֪ģ
һһȥˮԱһȺˣۣ֮ɫ͸ʲôһ˰˼ҶƲˣһҪӦҵĴˣ
ҲǴΪ죬Ѿ͸Ӧң񿴼Ӧҷˣʹ죿οû֮ǰһӦҷͥ񽪼ǣӦȴ˻̣ԺȻǰ;޿˿˻
˵ЩҲ̫ˣǼˣҪôԴǣӦҷˣֲܴǣǱʲôȣ
Ϻ˵ôˣǹңˣӦôˣ
ϺͽӽݣŽϺڴߣֺôˣ˵ʲôأ
ϺͽӶһۣϺ޺޵˵Ӧҵ˻̣
Ϻ֮һʱû˵أе㴭ЩţæȥŽϺź󱳣˳
ϵͷӣôˣԼ
Ϻʣȫֻѡ˻𣿣
ԥǵġ
ֻϺһûɫͨ죬봭е㴭ӡ
ϺͽӴţϺְ˳˳ȥˮ
ϻ˵꣬ͼϺͻȻһѪȻһ͵˴ϡ
ϺͽæϺǽϺûκηӦȻǻ˹ȥ


238 С
һӾͻŽϺ֪ôˣֻ֪Ϻѡ
ȷӦ˹˵չŵȥ
Ҳ˲ˣˣȥһǣ̧ȥɣ
֮æ˳ȥæ
ӣϺѪε±㴫ˣȫ˱㶼Цû±ˣҲխ
ϱʹＸϱһӦߣ
֮и˵̣ӦͽСҵİ
ӦԺɫһ䣬Ǻܿȥ
Ӧ˵˵Щʲôأôˡ
Լղ˵˻ҲЩΣֻԼԼԲ˵˰ɣʲôӦ֪һ
Ӧϰ͵⣬С˹Ӧ˵ľҿǽ͹ȥģȻ˵ǽҳ˻ˣ̸游ҵﻹܽܣҪýȺĵռˣֻҪŻѪˣ
ӦұЩ죬ֻܰСңĲ棬ҲУҿǣȻǶӵˣʥῴС˵ģƾҲ̵ͷ±Ӱɡ
СӦǰȷʵˣҺۣ
ӦһٽңĲ㷢йˣСҼĸ鲻ˣѵˣˡ
ӦЦСҵգˣСܼңһĵģǹһ㣬ǼԽԽãྡˣûɲúףһµġ
⼸Ȼ˲٣𴲵ʱ¶ѾͻЩ䡣ǱЩˣСԺڴһ¶Ĵӱ
СѸٴ·ʰộƿżĸѾԺʰˡ
СҾȵ˵ĸôô磿
ӦøӲ֪æЩʲôתһ۽СңЦ˵㲻˵ҪˣȥҳŲϲŻǽԼһЩˡ
С֮Ц̫ˣĸóˣ
Ӧ˽СһۣЦǻæȥ⼸ϴɾˡ
Сæӹӣϲϲȥɻˡ
˰Ҫϴɾ˵ãøɾĲסζ
ֻԶ˹һһߺˣС㣬緹ˣ
˱÷еĻƣȥ緹ˡ
ӦϺͽСţ˵үˣ
˾ȵĶһۣЦ⿴ȥСҸżվ̽̽ͷ
ֻС˽ЦСңһˡ
Ӧæ죬緹ôôģ
С˼һԴ˵ûԡҾСˣýղϿΣ˵һˡ
СҵûϿαãѽԷ
Ӧкˣȥүһꡣ
СӦʵΣΣ
СЦ˵ӽ̵رãرʲô
СҲȵʵˣʲô֪ѽ
Сæͷ˵ǣʲôʷӱãĵĸҡ
СҵǱãѧãǲˡ
Сȷˡ
ˣ˼ԷСҺӦϳԵ磬٣ȳˡСĸ׺ͽ㶼ˣһ߳һ˵Сң˵̵ˡ˵ҪľƶۼҵľƣСҺô࣬ȴǵġ
ӦæǼӪƷֻҺã㻹ڶ飬Ǳ㲻̫ʺͷ¶棬ò̱òˣҲûʲô
Ӧ˵ˣǽСܴĸ׵Ͽһ㲻죬Сţĸô˵Ҳǲĵİɡ
Сֻ˵ĸ˵Ҳǣĸ׵ȵң˿ƾ٣ǼҾˡ
ӦϺͽСһЦá
ȳ緹СҺӦֿʼ⣬СҲһ԰Щæ
ӦϰͻȻ뵽ЩʲôһѴ׳˵еɱˣӦׯ͹ȥ
׳ʵõķˣȥ졣
С֮ЦһӦϣӶЦС֮ҲһЦ
һҪæˣСһصԼ䣬ƣϣԼˮպ˼ڣ
ǽСһһʵ˯𣿡
СҴɡ
СŶ룬ߵǰԸԼ˱ˮڽСԱߣСڵĺš


239 Сĺɰ
СЦ˽Сһۣ˵ɣҸʲô
Сˮ£ɰû
Сװõô̬ôҰɰǿ㰡
СҲװͷӣ˵û
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СˣֻĵЦ˵õĺɰûѽˣɲԸҿһѽ
СžýС̬ǲˣӳóɰȻϣ˵ɰˡ
СװЦһ˵Ϊղ
СѺɰֻǻûüգСͰһֻɰˡ
Сĺɰͼˡ
˵ŽСһЦֵһֻɰô°Ҫ˭ģ
СҵţҲҪɰֻСһֻ
С룬ֻҵģ
Сֱӻش㿴ĸǸģġ
С˼Ȼֻɰˣ˵ҪСȥ
ڶ죬СѺɰԼ䣬һԥһᣬȻԼĳ
СߵԺ˽Сһһᣬһҵ
Сһ㷢ֽСһµĺɰֱˡЩ򵥵ͼЩ׾ߣСջ˼ֱʵǽСҸģ
ССֱӿˣûΣǣ֮ǰҪһҡ
С󲻽еζ˵СôҲһȥҪ
СһŮ㳯Ҫʲô
СҹŮк£ҾҪĺɰ
С˵žת뽪СۣҪֱӹȥҽСһ
СһסСĸ첲һʱҲ֪ô
СȴòԾʵСҸһ˰ɣ
С˵Уƿԡ
Сее㿪ģ˵ģңȻȥ߽Сҡ
СĿһ۽Сֻ˵ȥá
С˺ɰСæӹ˿Ȼ󻶻ϲϲĹԼϣЦһ۽СΪҪԼĺɰҿ˵һɰտɱȽСҵĺöˡôϣ
Сתߣ޹ء
Сȴգĵ׷ȥʵǲǲϲﰡϲϲĽ
СͷΣҲϲ
С֮ʵǲϲ
Сһ⻰ϾͶŽС˵ʲôʲôôܶ˼һֱﵱÿģ
ССеˣͲȥǣС󲢲ǺŽСĻ˽Сһ£СҪǶ˼˵ȥȻҲ˼˵ˡ
Сͷػӻ˵˵Ҷû˼ˣ⻰Ժᣬһ˲ã
ʱ򣬽СŴߴٵǺûҪȥӦׯˣӦҵĴӣǲܳٵ
СҴһص֪֪ˣȥſڵţҺСϵ
ŽСѹԽС˵ԼʲôУ𡭡ˣ߰ɣͽСҿ
Сһۣû˵һ֪߰߰ɣһ쵽ûӰ¶
ֵܶ˾¥ӦϿǴҴææ˺һᣬЦǸʲôܻ˵Ҫżʱ߰ɣȼˡ
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Ӧ£ͶԴ˵УҼˣȥϺһ½½ֵӦҰƣǰô಻ܲǡ
ȥ
Сһͯ¾üͷ˵ȥ˼ҵģҪʲôͯ
ӦϴϽСĻ˵ܣȥ˵Ǽڲǰˣûиź˰æȷʵ棬㰲ģ죬ô࣬þˣ
СӦô˵ֻȴӦˣǽС˵ԼҲͯʮֿġ
ӦϾʹźǼȥӦׯ
·ӦϾ˸Ϲ½ֵ
Ӧе㾪ȣϾϵе룬ô½ô죡


240 Ӧ
½Ӧϵ죬˵㲻ġټ˴ôҴңӦ͸Ͻˡ
Ӧ˵ôᣬϾҲҺͽСҵİɣӦϻָ
½ǿͰοӦϺͽС˵ƵķӻУӦҾ˻̵ͷûзûмҲֻǿͷģоƲʵڵģֻҪӦͽСһúƣӦ̵ͷǻǵһ룬һ룬Щ鷳ӦҵţҲǿ
Ӧϼ˵÷Ȥ۵һЦ½ȤģѾ뿪ˣȻҲšʮоŸ鶼е㲻Լͺá
½ӦһϣСҲЦÿģͰˣһӦȥ
ӦҽѪˣԼҶ˺װһ˺첼
ǵĲ磬֮Ӧ̣һƬƻ
Ѿв˶ˣҶŶӸӦϺѡ
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ӦֻҪˣдﶼôģȻˣǾ͸ϽڸӦ׹ϵ
ǰӦġϵõģżֽ棬ԽЩĴӦҵӭȥ
Щ֮ǰûӦҴģǵӦҡӦֹìֻܵ۰ͰվԶθӦϺʶһ£ǰӡ
ͻȻ˺˵ĺˣ
ӦϺϽȥԭе¾ûǻһҲǸӦʾá
ϵĴ˼ҺҰСìܵҲ˺Ȼݲϳ棬ǱϾ̬ˣҲűʾһ
ӦϺЦǺǵظۿһһ˼ҳԾƣλүˣǮųԸⷦԱƣ
λ֪̬ȼ֮ӦҵĺҲҲǴЦ˵ҵҵԭҲֱƵģŻػҾ
ӦϺֻ˰һ۴ȥ
ӦϿӦϺӦҲζӳ£ⳡԼȷʵӦҫˣˡ
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ӦϼȷʵеæСд½ԼŽСҸźȥˡ
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㼸û˼ǼϱأΪԼȡҲ֮飬ǼϱûѪԵûһ𳤴֣Ҫ𼸸ȥżô졣
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246 
ͻʱСĻءӦ϶һۣʾҪ˵
ӦϴҲûû÷ģ͸
һ˶̬ȣ׷׿ӦϺӦϺо
ӦϺüͷɨڳһۣǼһֱׯڻͻȻôǮ·ӣǶܿģҲ֮ǰǼʱŽһ£ԣ˸ҪŽᣬҪ˺ģ϶Ҳû취⸻ԣ
ϵͷҧ˵ģܼˣ˵˾Ҫ𣿲Ͳôһ˵
һӦϺĻ׷׵ͷʾһŽһ£ʲôʱ򶼲
ϿŶüͷ
صϾͺӦϺ߶ССҵţСǲˣһٺúɫɫ
ӦϺƳһۣû˵
ڶ죬Ӧ϶ųӦϼҡ
Ӧ˵Ժ棬滹ɫ΢˱䡣
ǾˣǮˣ治ǮŽ̯ӻ
СϲЦտԭҸʱҪģӦһѣүǲˣǾͶ򼸸ˣǰ϶˴ĶѾΪǵزóȥݵء
ӦϿŽСҵɫ˲׹汾ǹŮģҪҲЦŽӭţĻǴȥ
ӦϺЦӦӦϴׯ˿
ӦϺԺӵζüô࣬Ҳ·Żˡ
ӦЦŰ֣ᣬ׹˵Ҫ٣˵óȥ񡣡
ӦϺͷǼҲӦоЩԺ﷢չԽԽãҪ׼ЩرĶ
ӦϺ˾ׯ֮ӦҪȥ׼æȥժˡ
ϸһů̾ȻЩӣⶬҲܳˮͦ㣡
ӦæժˣǰӶǳʱСңֻܳܲײˣӪϣůôԷʱܻ
˵Сң˳Ż˵ȥҪ˵˵СȢӦҵ顣
ҿСԺӦҰɣԼ˼ܱЩ֪ϸ˼ҺãȻǼҲʲô󸻴˼ңҲչˣڣ϶˸Сܣ㿴СȻô˵ǺصĺӣԺѧҵгɣСҲܸй⣡
Ӧһ£ͣеĶźϵĳϿң֪϶˺ܳʱˣ˼Ǵɩ˼
˵Ļã˵ģ˳ǿ˹ŮССͣ²СҪŮߣǼȥ
ϿķӦǵϲɫæŽͣⶼԼ˼
ӦϲţͻȻ¼֮ӦСӦСֱס飬Ϻ˼ˣ
һ˼Ŀ˽ӣ޹ȥ֮ʲôӣʲôʱ޳ȥϱҪģСңǾԼˣȻûһ˵Ҳ뿴صĸޡ
Ӧ֪˵Ķʵɫ΢ÿ˵㣬Ǻ˶࣬ôţ˼ϱҲǣ˵ˣСˣСҾǹС㣬Ļ˸ܡ
˼ǿС
Ӧû˵ȻӦСҪĹŮȢߣĿϣŮĺãˮ飬ܵɵĵ㻯оô׬Ǯ·ӣû˿ϹŮ
Ĳ⣬Ȱ˵СڻСأĲԸ⣬Сأ
ǲ̫Ը⽪СҺӦСһģȻӦСϣ˳òˣû취һš
ӦһüͷӦСӲˣô Ϳϣôô˳ۣСڲŶ˵̫أСÿ춼æƣѧϰûʱ䡣
ε̾ҲǺģСҺһɱ˫ۣһӵίȱż˵ϿϣûҪǸС˵ףСϹ˵Ͽϡ
ӦǸƢһֱ˵˵ȥҪƢһתתȥСͿԿˣŸأСһǸСӣˣ˹С㣬Сȥżҿ϶ί
Ųˣһֱû߿ˣǸūɣӦ̫̫ȥЪϢŰɡ
Ӧϴźȥţſ
ʱ򣬽СӦСһӦϺҲˣЦŴк
Էʱ򣬺ϿڶԷӦС壬ԭʲôڿŲŷ֣ӦСһǸӣ¶ҲôһС棬ٿŮһ߰ĳԷһһ͸¶ţĪģҪ˰衣


247 ˭Ҳжõ˼
صңӦϺ߶һû˵ʲôƼһҪŮӡ
ӦϺϴЦԼĹŮ֪ʲôӣ
ǣֻҹŮͲˣǹŮѾܲˣôǼˣûкǳΪ˾Ѿˡ
ӦϺһĿǳĸ˼Ҷ˵æȥƣٲٵİɣ
ϲĵİһۡ
Ϲ˭ԼҹĺãǶС壬ڼʲôҲܻҪС϶СͺףҲҪСڼ
СݻؼңӦ϶Ӧȥ棬ôһϤһ¿Դ
СļǮ΢˼һ£ֱӺ˵Լȥ򣬻Ըˡ
ͻĵط˵㣬ѹҲСˡ
Ӧ϶ŽСޣӻ
ϽСûȥѧã˵ȥϵʱһ½СҺͽСѧô
ӦϵͷôҲǸˣҪСȢӦҵ˵һ£ǲͬģˣ˶СһСأٵȸҲû⣬ûҪ˼ҲҪúѧȡУʱѡҲǷЩ
Сüͷ֪˼ӦСӦСסʱͻӦ˼ڵãֱӱˣ
ӦϿŴߵӣ˼ҿССǺСվһ𣬾ܿǲһˣ䲻Сҡ
˵ģСڻСż˵ף˭Ҫ˼ֱӾܾҪҪǵģҲÿСȻվǸӣƽʱʱá
Ӧϵͷ֪ҲߵģڵĹŮ۵ĺܣ֪ˣҲӡ
Сϴθɰ飬һġ
߶˵еûãʼæġ
˻ΪǼҶеġ
˽СĳŵвӦϽõζóҪǳóԵĻ϶ͻ
Ǳߣɺͽ˺ܶطŽƱ˴ȥΪǺüǧƣȫǼģ۸ѹúܵͣǵĹƲǺܺúȣǰļ۸ţȥʲôü۸ҧǽˣĻҪˡ
ӦǱ߹ŪĻȣζϻ棬һ굽ͷ׬ӣϺͽϺϵһǮۺ
ɿƵǮҪһ룬ȻûıǮǴ󲿷鶼άֵġ
Ѿ˵ҲӵˣʱҲ磬ҪԼĹԴǳȥҲǸõİ취һǮһѧûġ
ţϹȥһῼϵģҸˣû˸۸ˡ
ѾԸĵͷȻǸݰҲΨһܸıݵķӣֻɸС
ҲѾߣߵﶼ㲻С㣬Ժ޸˼ңȥ̣ҲᱻƲ
˼ţӷŵһ𣬱ʾúøɣȡǮ
ɻؼҵʱֻõ˶ʮһңﲻֵǮģҵĶˡ
ŵùǺڼѵʱ򣬰ǮѵĽһԺ︻ԣˣȫǵġ
룬ЩæǰæҲֻõӣŮͻȻ𽪴Ѿ£ѾҪʮˣٲ˵£ͳϹŮˣ˵˵ ŵ㡣
ҡͷ˵һź£ҿӣʮоȣǶ˼ҺӻɣѾһִģϲϲ㻹
ûзǿģĸĶŮá
ԽԽ䣬滹ƮƮȻСѩ
СҴϰ鷨
Ųţ̫ˣ˸ӷڽСҵĽ£СЪЪɣΪʲôһҪ¥ϰأ¥л¯ô䡣
СͷҲû̧û¶˲ôô˾ͳ˶ˡ
û˵
Сһƪϰ֣һ½ǣѾˣ̧ͷ̫̫أ
ϾҪˣӦϸĹ˷˼٣ȥﹺһϾˡ
Ȱ˵Сұůһ¥ˣÿӦϽţӦȿڣСڸ
̫̫ĻСæƣԷ֮ȥ¥ˣڻû


248 
Ӧһֱ֣¥ϣ۵üȥС˺ܶϡŹֵ
ȥ¥Ͻ˽Сҡ
С¥ӦϽθСóϿ
СΣҵѾܶˣκӶҪŲˡ
ӦϷ˷ۣΪԸ򰡡
СҽδͷϣӦϾͰŪͣ˺ܳʱ⡣
գʱ͵³ǽСҵ
Сٻ͸СһֻɣƽʱҲͷҿÿӣѿˡ
Сûһ£˭˵ǿӵģľӣ
СС˼˳ʳӦС˵֪С֣һ̨
Ҳˣдſ͸һݸСҡ
СԲ񣬲ɻ󣬡ǴŪô񣿡
ޱ飬ˡ
½ȥͻʱżȻ·ϿģԭҪٴһٿʵزôã·ȴر𣬾Ҫ˽ŪˣŪ˺ܳʱű⸱Բӡ
ӦС忴ţⶫȻÿһģô͸ŮأǴŪôԲİ
ġ
ӦС㵵ĵɴ۾һʼôԲ飿
С³ٵˮʯʯͷˮﾭʱĦ϶ͱԲˡ
ٸŵͷԣˮġ
ӦСи̣ԭǸӺʯͷҲǣһҲӣ½½ÿƴƴǮҪóҲǺѡ
Ӧ˺ܶóԵģһΧһ𣬳һٷ
Сȥѧû죬Ҫ⣬һ˵ǹ
ӦϴûĶɻĿŽСңǲֵǮүҲȥɣ÷үʲôء
СҿųϵĺʣȻǺöˣǿ˵ɽ亣ζ
ӦһǺöת˻ͷɱˣүＹ⣬ˣǻˣ϶кö˼񡣡
Сҿû˵ġ
ڽСҵȰ˵£Ӧͬھԡ
ӦϿӦС廹ڣЩɣȥ
ӦϺҲ٣ӦϵĶҲ
˶ֵĹꡣ
ӦϿǵ¼ҵĵһ꣬Ҫȥ˺üұڣϲ㡣
½ųٹӦϻϲĽӭţֹµģҪһɡ
ԣٵ۾˸Ź⣬ڴſ½
½ڰ֣ˣȻǼֻǱ˻ǲ٣һҰء
һЦ
Ӧԭǿһ£Ҳûж˵ʲôҪ ʱ棬ǡ
½ЦŴӦӦһ꣬±˿ȥֿʼá
Ӧϵ룬ڼûµľҽСң֮ǰ͸ϻȥ
ĵʱӦ˻
Ӧ˸磬Ӷһæš
СҲ𴲣ӭˣô࣬һҪЩˡ
ϿӦʲôӶæǰæʮĽõӾǺãҾǼҲӦЩӶˡ
ЦüϱŲŲǸź
Ůƫ˵ЦСͽСӦϴ󼸸˵
ֹסСϿͽСҶûȥǱߣСֻǻʱʱĹߵӦϡ
ӦһߺͽС˵󲿷ֶ˵߻
СЦŵͷ
Сңͷϵİɣһ֪˴Ǯġϵɴ۾ģžƫĹŮǾӦʲôӦϸŮôõΣȱǮӣ
ͼϲ죬ôһŮ϶úúôһ£ҲûǮӦЦŻش˵ҪŮ޸ӦС飬ӣ˵ŮʲôίأֻǿǹĺˣСһһġ
ûж˵һֱ˵κܲӦ϶ԹŮܺã˵ĶԣСҲǴŮˣӦΡ
һ˵ʱӶ˽׼õķ˵Ķ
ȥʱ˿ĽСͼ˾˵⻰СϻźӵɣȴһһһƬ죬İɵø꽪СȥϿˣǾ͸ˣ콪СǲҪкá
Ůֿ˷СæˣҲûйƫߣֻܴź뿪


249 ѧӦ
ʱȻӶ˰ţӦϻ۵ĹǺЪ˼죬ŵʱʼ⣬ǰѾˣȻ˲٣ʣµΪͳȥҲûʣ¶٣Ŷ㣬ͳȥ㣬϶ȥ
ôżʲôζʲôʱеģҪĲֻʶģǸ˼ңʱǵζϡжҪǮǮǲģҹ֮϶ʮæŹ⼸죬ЪЪȽϺá
Ӧϴһ£Сӣ㶮ö࣬ǲҪҲжҪ˼ô
ϵĻæӽ̫̫ġ
Ӧ𾪣˸ӣ
ӹӣӦϷԱ̫̫ȥ
СͬȥǳȥɣоʹŴһȥ
ӦüҲʶȥʲô
Ȼǽ̸ˡСЦ˵
ʱˣҪύǴĿģҪӦȥ˳һ£Ժæʲô鶼ע⵽
Ӧ˼һ£ӦðﺢǶһƬ죬ţ˵ȥ
ȥ˻
һæ⣬һ˼żʲôᱻ˵ϡ
ڶӦһ£ŴһȥԱҡ
ڼŽСڿЩշѿĹ磬Сǲڵ̫̫ûۣᱻƭˣ
Сҵͷ
磬СӦϿŲԷСҺòײŸСιˣ緹ȥŪ硣
С㱨г̣㣬ȥҳˣ˵꣬һ̵ˡ
СҲģҪ׳ŽС
˰ʱӦϺʹˣ󻹸ŽС󣬡ˣǼ̫̫һ죬˳磬Ƶ飬һֱǼζóԣôҲһֱû˵ʲôǵġ
СҷˣǾͺãٳȥߣ϶һӦ˸ˡ
ûܣȥҲŷ֣ΪһԲҲûʲôѵġӦϽԱңС̫̫һ˵Ҳ۲ˣЩ˻ϲ˵ϻϻҲ˵е·Σʱ;ӦʶˣҲôļҵ
СҹӦϡ
СҲŸͣҲ
Ӧ˲ǲ׼ҺңԼҲҪչĻңʹΪ˻̣ʲôĻҪŰ׼Һҡ
ӦϷԸζ˵̫̫ÿȥ㣬ܿ켸Ҳ񣬻ӦϴŮһȥ档
һֱԪڣӦѾ˺̫̫СǴ򽻵ļɡ
ԪҿҪڼˣһ˹ˡӦȥŮ㱻˽ߵ飬¡
Ҫ˴ţ˵ҪȥϿƣʱһ
Ӧɫ̫ãˣ϶ҪڼҹԼҵĺӣҲû취ܾôŮסڼȥҲ
ԲСȥѧˣ֮ǰŽСҺͽСǳȥע㣬һҪȥǵҪ˺ұƽ
ߵʱȥͷѧˣźڷȥ껹ûԭǿڼٴһޣҪֱˡ
ӦϿŽС뿪дۣǲǰƵ̫ˣҲûϢ죬ò׽Ϣ˸緹ˣ˵ˣҲѧϰһͿԸеİ
Сҿһ߲ɵӦϣû˵ƣСõģ֮ף϶ͻˡ
ʱӦҵļӶˡ
ӦСһҪҽС档
ӦСԺ￴һ£ӦǰôС
ӦϵĻش𣬡ǰȥӼˣ˷ȥˡ
ӦСͷԼûȥ˵Сѧʲ̫ãǷƽʱ㽪СģԪڻû꣬Сȥˡ
һСѾˣ˷ܵ˲һ룬Ϊ˼С⴩˹궼ûô·һ£˸µĺɰһͳȥȴû뵽Ѿˡ
ӦСôù̲ס ӦС磬ҪСѧϰȡУҫ鹡
ӦС鲻ãͷû˵
ʱ仹أȥسǹɣｨ顣
ҲŸͣ԰Ҳȥ
СҿЦЦȥɣҲȥˡ
ӦŷĽüȥǾͲ£ǼСӣܡ


250 Ԫ
ЩίֻǺĽһ£ͽСҺӦ϶
ɫҲеҲסæŽͣÿζµġ
˵еǲȥ˰ɡСûĿһ۷Ҫȥسǣ϶Ҫȥ磬綼Ѿ̬ȱˣôĲģǼѾȢ˲ԼһŮ϶Ȣڶ
תĻͷԭȥȥν飬ûҪǵùùǾͲȥˣǾˣϺĶ϶Ҳ١
ӦϵͷһҪע⣬ǧҪɢˡ
ƽһ飬ùòһȥ𣿻ƿ϶رÿ
ȥˣһҪڼҴӡӦϰڰ֡
˺˵ˮϳȥϡ
ΪʮԪеƻԵʣʮ֡
ֵ϶ǸָСԺ⡣
СҲϲܵĽӴﻹһֱֻýǿг˳˻࣬ûҪţŪҵֶҪˡ
Ҳû룬ðɣúÿûϲģеĻң㡣
СЦЦû˵һ̯λǰ濴СΡ
һֱţȥԪС㱻ߵ飬Ҳ˵˵ģ;þգǽٳСһϵģҲ֪ǻ᲻ġ
ΪС˼һСӣ棬Ҳչ˵ʲô෴Ϊ׸
Сһϣͽ˳һ档
û೤ʱ䣬ɫͺĻŷѾɢˡ
˿С㣬ǻǻȥǰɡ
šСҵͷȴûдŴԭ·ء
ɻ󣬡С㣬ǲߴˣ
Сû˵ղŵʱͷ˽Ѿ
ţȴͻȻ˺ء
Ǻͼɢ˰ɣҿһ£ʵ 
Сֱͦ壬ͷûκα飬ƾҪ뿪
ظ󣬡ȥǱ߲ԡ
СҲ˵ֱǰߡ
ɸţǲҪҽѾҸտˣȥǱߡָһߵС
С͵ͣסŲүأһֱңҪǱ˿ˣָֻ˵ʲôǲС㡣
һҭáãԼעⰲȫ
ȫȥʱ򣬱˽ٳ֣ȥǮȫעܰȫģС 
صɴ۾˼ȥٳģ
Сûֱӿ϶ҽһҪ˵׼ءõĿһ۾ʹŴ뿪ˡ
ؿԶȥıӰɵ߬ȭͷ
ԭʫҶѾʼˣ
һߣһ߻ͷûиԺؼǺ޵
С㻹ǸСӣҲϲͰ͵ǰʫԽԽǺС㣬ҵֶС㣡
СҼǰÿӦСͽѾһ
ʾҪ͵͵š
ӦѾΪ˻̣Ѿû뵽ӦСﾹȻһӦСϵĶһͼֵơ
۾гˮС磬һ׮һ׮Сҿ϶͸ңȫҲ˵ˣڴŶҳÿڼ߻ŵȵ䣬ջҸ˼ˡ
鶼ġӦСдżᶨ
Ѿĸˣ ҲĶҿ϶ӦҵţСġ˵ţͽӦСݹ˻ȥ
ӦС֣ǸģѾ˺ܳʱˡ
˵˺ܳʱ䣬ѾС磬ô飬ǼҺСҼҿ϶͸˽ң͸ңǻˣƾһ㣬Ҿ䲻㡣
ǰǶһׯڻһġӦСȰ˵
......Ѿֹ
ӦСдŲ⡣
ѾͷǼҿ϶Ҫ֮ӭȢСҵİɣȥ˱˼һҪǼ޸㣬϶ܵһ˵ĳ谮Ҫ˵ˡ
ӦСŵĿ¶Ҳֻǲ²⣬Ѿô֪ģѵѾԼ鶨ˣ
Ǵ˵ģ
ͲҪǴ˵ˣҿ϶ʲôСô㣬İţú飬ԺСҳˣҲҪСҸϺӣҾ͡ҾͺС绮 ô˵ţͻͻĵ
ӦСԽԽڼ˶ίŻ˵Ļ
ҾԲܺͽСҳףҼҪȢֻģҲȢҪҸ֮ӣ붼Ҫ룡
˵ĶԻбһƾҪȥ
Сۼֿ죬ֹ


251 ʧ
ĵĿŽСҡ
ӦСӦˣȻͽѾ˽ᣬӦǿСṩķʽģھȻ𱨣ڮС㣬С㣬䲻С㣡
СҸ˴һʾȲҪ
ӦСҪｪѾȥϵᣬ־ḡַ㵣ʲô۶ء
Ѿҡͷô˵ҲãȻں͵ֿˣҲദôʱ䣬С͸һ㲻˵С㼵ʣԲŻǽ
㾹Ȼ˵㿪ʼҾûʲôӣӦСԽԽ
˵ŵʱ洫
Ѿһ飬ǿżû˲ųģɫѾˣҪϽˡ˵꣬תҪߡ
ӦС׷ȵȣš
Ѿգ㻹ǸСҰɣ䲻㡣
˵ʲôⱾǸģСҸ䲻ĺö
ѾֲҪӦСҪϣѾ£ʲô
㻹ǲҪҾ͸ϣ
ѾһЭ˵ӣҪҪ˵ţץ׹ˡ
ӦС˵˵Ѿʵ̫ܵˡ
Ҫͷʱ͵طִӽѾϵһӣȥǽڽڸѾµˡ
ϲѵǴѾˣϣ׼͸ģ
ѾѾӰӦСԺһܻϵ谭бһҪӭȢСҵ飬ߡ
ӦС뿪СҺʹŴӽ߳
ֱţС㣬Ҳ̫ɶˣ˵̫̫ȫû˼ҪסǼҵĿﶼ䲻С㻹˵ô
ԭС㷢ķƣСΪ˻̣֪жͳҵĹŮһ˵СĻ
СҿӦСȥıӰ۾˸⣬ˣʱ䲻ˣǻؼҰɡ
մ߳ͽС͸˹Ǳʧˣû°ɣ
˵ʲôСо֣żѰҳ١
Һóû£СŽСң̲סԹȥˣһΪֳʲô顣
СҶʧɻ󣬿ŽСͳٵķӦû£Ҫȥء
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СС
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һִҵֲ˴߲ݵӡ
һֱû˵ĽСҿڣȻ˵ǷŵĻǾȥҿǷʲôĻ𡣡
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ȥǹʱٳ˽Сңμʧʫһ뵽ģǽСҡ
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Цһת뿪
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252 Ŀ
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صϷס˵ҳˣ
ԼŻ𣬻ǽСһյģʶˡصдŲá
Ϸüͷ壬˵ļٵģϢ׼׼
ԼȥģǼٵ˵˼Ϊ˱Ǽңûݺ˼ң˼ΪʲôҪǣǷŻҲҪҹ˶ʱ˼һôɵѡʱ򱨸һص˷䡣
Ϸε̾
СһصңӦҲ˵ϢͽСվԺʹһͨ
ӦСڷ俴ӦŭӣͷڸеĲ
Сҿżӣ˭ûԱԵ㶫ͻȥ˯ɡ
ӦˣԺ߹ҪԵģӳԷ
Ӧһ߳ԣһ߿ŽСңСң˵¥˯𣿡ûס¥ϣҲԿ
¥з䣬ûл𿻣Ҫ˯ĻҪüӡ
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Ѿô˯źˣǳ˷͸˵Ӧȥĸ䡣
׼ʱס˽Сҵĸ첲СңҺ˯ɡ
Сûоܾһ
˴ϴˮźϴš
Һһÿ϶ݽţ˯㣡һͽС˵
СЦŵͷ
ﲻģƽҲȥƽʱڼʲô
СҵͷˮеĽţѧϰ磬оơ
뵽ʲôһ˿ҺһѧϰɡԣͿס
С֪ʲô˸еɣүӶҶö࣬Ҫѧϰ㶫Ǳ߱ȽϺʣûʱ䣬ҽҪһ˽ѧء
ҿԸæǼ٣϶æԼɽСҿ϶ܾ
СҼӲԣֱӾܾæĹæǲҪˡ
Ͱˣ죬Сңǲˣ
СŤͷﻹǸŮֻҪǲԼҲҪ޸Сʵͦϲġ
û˵ȴԼüͷƽһġ
ƽʱ䰲ŵĺܽСЦŽ͡
վſڣӦСķ䣬ܵѾСˣȻסСļĻдŲãС㣬Сƽ̫æˣҪоƣҪѧϰߣ黭ȫûʱȥ档
ɴ۾СңôҪѧϰôĶ
Сú˵ϵˮɾڴϣ鿴
￴е飬ȻǡСң侹Ȼܿ
СͷҲû̧ɡҪѧ֪ʶģһԼִ֪ԺҪ飬԰СͽС󣬵֪̫࣬ͻᱻ˻ɣ࿴Щ飬ҲҪԼûôɡ
￴ŽСר־Ŀ飬ϸĵע⣬壬Ҫ硣
죬߸е㷺ףСҾˡ
ŴԽ֮ÿйɵѾΪϰˣÿ˯ˣʱȻѹ
˽˽СҵϢǱȽСźŽС𴲡
СѵҲ磬ԺолҪ
ŹǷǶô磿
һۣСѾ¥鷿ˡ
潪Сҵ鷿Ҫ¥ϡ
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緹ﻹҪһסÿζСҾֻܾһ뿪
صңҲѧϰиߡ
ӦС嵽׻ǸӣһؼҾ͸˵ʧҪǵ顣
÷˵ˣסǳʲô¶ˣ
ɫãľһ顣
ɫôô ÷ĵʡ
øίˣ쿴Сѧϰ˵˳ȫ飬϶ǽСģҪɴҹ㣬ǰţС϶Ӳῴˡ


253 Ӧټޣ
÷Ҳ̫ü޹ȥˣдȰ˵ʵڲУİɣСĸˣ˼ҿ϶ҪȢСģ㵽ʱٸҸ˼ҡ
޵ĸˣҲã䲻ǲǣ
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÷˵뷨ŲԸ⣬֮ǰ͸˵Ժ๫ǽСǸʱȫǽСˣ֮󣬸ϲֺýСߵÿˣô˵ü޾Ͳüˣ
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Ԫ֮գ۾ǶˣҪֹ治Ҫ˵ӶûˣֻܹҽСҡ
СҵĹĲóĹ
Ҫģů֮䣬ǽûȥҲɣǵʱ򡣡
˺µʱϣԶҪ
СҲûнӶóһ룬׼أȫҰѣ꣬Χ˶ʼżˣҪ֪Ƶķ˺Ѿѧˣǲ֪
ӦϿǵСҪȥϿ飬Խѧӳ١
Сÿ춼Ŭϰÿ鷨ûµĻҷӣҪӽŽСӦС
ԵԽԽӦϺܵĻῼϣȥɡ
Сֲֻһȥ
Ҫȥʱǰڨˡ
ӦϿŷţüͷ塣
˵ҲʲôӦС㣬ֱ֮ʣΣ
ҲһҼĺܣӦ俴һۣŽСҪߡ
Ųģﵽؼһкܳ·ǻȥҲϲϳԷˣ⸽һҺܲĲ͹ݣǳһ٣
ӦûֱŽСңߣ
ų̫̫ϳɡ
ϳѸٸų뿪
Ҳǵĳ档
˳⣬½֮ڼ﷭һ׼Ū¥س¥ҪĶ
ˣкһߡ
صϣСǰ³¥Ľ
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ڼ˵ǵۣӽҧ
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ӵ￪ʼҲ飬ԭһһʱ򣬺ҸСӻСֿʱֻеܣӦѾˣ˺ͺĵ顭
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Ǹȥͣҳ飬˵ôңҪ˵ԭҡӵˣڼﻹŮˣ˼ԽԽãҪǹȥǿ϶ҿǵǮ
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ӸӾˣʱ޿̲顣
˵ͷת뿪ˡ
ĿӣʲôĴӦټޣ϶żҲͺһȥеĶ˱˼ҵˣǺںӦˣҪȥء
зŭԽչӣÿԼ߷ϾҪЧˣӻûʲôǮǸϲӣҪȥ˼Ҹϣ˼һῴϣЦ


254 
Ӧạ̊́Ӧÿ׬Ҳ٣ƻи׬ǮŪζҲǣϵ̫̫ʼͽˣʲôҪȥͣЦ
һ𣬸˼

ӦĴԣ޵ŭƤǺǰУһؼңΪҪڮңû½ҾһҲ˵ˣ
СҷеĻʲôǰ׵ʱֱӱ̬ȣҪһֱӰбٸֱӴȥ
СҿŷŵĶŷҪӦԣӦһ˼ңҪǵֲڮ٣մӦ޸͵õӦϵļҲ̴澫
ӦؿһһģЩҲģûе͸˵һѣ
ҪټһɡСЦ˵
Ӧϵһۣ˲ĵͦ࣬ҪҸ˻ôأڻҪҸ
Ժ;ģǼҲֻһ˳šСȰ˵
Ӧϲǲǿһ˿ԳһƬ죡
Сҿӣһʱ仹벻ͨûȰ˵Ͼ鼱á
˵ǵۣҪ˸Ӧ
ӦϿϵһ
˽Ӵ򿪣ӦС㣬үӱҹ飬һֱţ˵ǷӦСʣҪӦС
ӦֱӽϵĺĴϣȥү˵ɧҪͷﲻǺ۸ģ
˼Ӧȫһףһʱ䲻֪Ӧ˵ʲô⡭
Ӧϲ˵ʲôֱӽơ
˻ҪӦС㣬
ӦϺݺһѣȥҪʲôӦС㣬㿴𣡡
˼ӦĲҪֻܴҹβ뿪ˡ
Ȼûգȴ˴ˣֱӳˣ˵Ӧһ˼ңԽͥôãϲ׷ʧȥӦôˣǽӣǽҵʧһὫӦ׷֡
˵ǿӦϵļҲϾŵѾСˣҪȢƻŮֻЩƶ˼ѡҪѡͥʵģֻѡѸӦôõĹѸʮҲֻôһ
ý⼸ף˵ǸӦѡĺõģ˳ÿΣ׼ȷźͽӺãҪӦϺúÿһ¡
Ӧһģֱӽ˸˳ȥ˭ٸ˵Ҳ˺ǵ죡
Щ飬ͼӴ׵˵˽ӣ˵ӦϷӦôң϶лнӣȰ˵һҪŬӦϺԺٺãҲԭζ
ӳױȰ˵ˡ
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ҪһǲˣǸһֱڼţи񣬳ͨǵ£Ҳû˻Ὣ޹ˡ
Ǹ߷紵һһ׵ģŪĽӶʼжˣȽһ£ӦϱȽϺùܡ
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Ҳ˵ҪӦϻӵۿдת˻£Ƽ϶ԭң
˵Ƽû㣬ôһֱܾ½ͷţǷѾʾҪ׷ƼҪϽжʱƼסԣļ޸ţͺȥɡżҲܰװ׹ָ˱ˣۿˡ
ӵдŲȷ
һӿ͸ʲôеĺİɣҲĴƼ֮󣬲źӻֱӸĵǮҪ߾ͺˣҲûǱҲߡ
ںĶжԼ֪ģΪѾɷˣҸ˳٣ԼٽϳȥԺҪô
Ͽ̬ôôĵǮһԼĺãҪΪǸӣӣ
ûǸ˼æͣĻΪ˺ĲҪӺӣʹƼһˡ
Ѿż˵ˣȻϲӦϣӦϻͿԹϴС߳Ȱ˵СϾҪȥƿˣԺϣҪĳ״ԪֻûеǸʲôӣҺСǱԲŵ¹ϵãǵˣǺǵȴϾҪ޽ˣ


255 Խ
һ˶Ȱ˵ӣӵҲû̬ѽӣһܸ˵
ʱӦϻˣ϶úǸʱҲģҪš
ķֽܲԣôˣҲ˵춼ȥϲǱߣ³ǱȰ˵ȥӦϸ֮ͣǰȰ˵£ӶլǱˣ۰Ͱ͵ȥǱߣǽ
ϣҪߥ޽ȥӦϣԼƣ
ϺüȰ˵ĶˣӦϼҡ
½ôŽСȥӦϴС档
СҪСӦЦŽ½ӭţ˵Ц
һĻñӿӦϵĵЦ½ӣ·ǲһˣվԭذ죬ܵҲûȥת뿪ˡ
½ľ¥ѾˣҲ˳ʦСҽ½ͷҲطԺ߷չͷǸõط
ԷʱӦϹҳû˵СҪȥԵ飬ѹС˵ͷ飬˵ҪͷߵķչԺƵƹҲкô
½ؼңôżСһȥѧá
СŽСҳдżᶨãһУڴ
Сҵͷ˵ʲô¸С̫ѹǽｽˮɣЩ綼Ҫˡ
СͷУ
СûҪæȫ̶ǺͽСԸ㣬ʱϵ·ˮʪˣؼϴ˸裬ֱ˯ˡ
ڼϢ˼죬ӦϴʹӦСһˣԵʱҪˣ׼ȥسǡ
ӦϿҪŵĽСеģһǸȥɣ⼸춼ҪǱߣ֪жôࡣԼȥСѹֿһߵĽСңҪø㣬Ҳĵ㡣
ӦСɫ˲ˣȻǰźõģҪСҸţԼһˣҪСҼ޸Լ
СȥȥԣתͷŽСô˵
СϾܾǶڼҰɣдʹ˸ţ϶¡ҪӦϺͽСȥ·ϵô࣬ġ
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СҵǲģÿøʲôʲôΪ˷ɢӦϵעСӦһ磬Ҫæ˿Ӧϵӣ׷Ȱ˵СͻСôżǽ겻У꣬ꡣ
ڼҲڵģӦСȥûпУҪǻеĻ̫ҪʧˣѾǻˣôĵطѾˣʱˣͿѡһõĶϱСҺݺݵ
ҲϣӿԸУӦϻŻῴӦС
ʱգ۾͹ȥˣǷ׷״ӿ߳
ѾˣСǰʣôа𣿡ǹĽСǹĽС᲻ῼУֻнСˣСҵݲˮǴߡ
СҲڴģҲ֪Ѿȫˡ
ŲĵüͷЩ춼ʲô˵ҪӰ㿴
СҲ˼ŵӦС֮һӼҡ
ӽ˵£ָ˵һ£Ҫ˻ȥϢ
ſŷһֱڸС˵ΪǽСĲУһѾøСˣȴû뵽СôŶϣ
Ӧϴ֪ǽţһ߰οû£˳Ȼ꿼лء
СЦЦѾɶˣû취ı䣬ϾҪæˣһҪȻȥæɡ
ӦϴͷӦСͽСӸŵ𣬸ųؼҡ
ӻˣӦżʽô±ƵС˻ȥ⼸һۻ˰ɣϽϴ裬ȥ˯ɣóԵġ
СͷҪӦϴӦСҲ£һԷ
ӦСܾӦϴҪߣǻǲˣүү̺ﶼڼϢء
ӦϴӦС˵ôҲҪô̸ƣҳʱ
СϴóʱӦѾˣҪԷȥ˯


256 ѧ
С־ӦϣЦôҲûҿ
ӦװȻӣ껹Сأżкüʱأ
СϴЦŽСҡ
ССһ߸ŵͷ
ǵȽʱ򣬽Ƶķ˵˰ɡС顣
˶ͬ⣬;ӦϺˣͶļҸһƬĴ
ڶ죬ӦϺͼӾͶˡ
СѾ⸽ĵͼ֮ǰǾ˵˹ĲҪǮʮ֮ڵĹҪ֮һкܶûҲҪѧƣǲܰװ׽ѧЩ˹͸òƽˣõķʽЩûģҪѧƵģӣ˭ŪãһֱѧһֱѧΪֹ
ӦϺͬ⣬һ½ѧ
ӦϺͽСԼµĴӣҵ˵ûҪǮ飬ǶûӦġ
Ϣܿʹ˳ȥѧƵ˶öûʲôЩڮӦϵֳˣ˵ӦΪ˴ӣûǮˣҪѹǵӣҪҶҪǣǾƭӣʮ˴Ļ
Ӧǻˣǲ˵Ӧңһ˼Ӧϡ
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ӵ˶ǮСһ߼¼˭Ҫһѧᣬǻ̵ѧΪֹ
Сҵĳŵ׷׿Ӧ˼ҡ
Ӧ֪ڻкܶڮ˭ѧ˭ģǽǵļˣ˻߱⣬ǼҿûϵȻ˵Ƕ̣кܶ಻ԸѧģкܶģõķʽһȸٴЩģϾһԸǸܵ顣
֪ڸԴʱͺͺ˵ˣӦ츣ĺ飬ҪϹڣŪˣµĿ϶ⱨӦ񽪼ңڹʵ
ɸһ¼ѧƵˣǼľȥСǱߣôƵģӦʰĸɾ䣬ϴɾһʾ
ǿһϸڣĵطнСĽ⡣
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˵ƻΪ෱ԭͦ򵥡
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Ƿ׷׵ͷһ·Ӧһ뿪
СϵϣҲ˲ǮѧƵģҲгûҵˡ
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ŵϴڲס˷ܣģһƭ𣬲ţأǰ
ӦϼһҪ֪ÿ껹ȡأ
æ߳𣿡
ŵϲ֤ùӦϿϵ֤飬ŸŶĿˡ
ѧƵ˶ףأ˵СôСͿպ϶ǰƽ
СŵһǷˣڿ֮Ӹָʱ;ð˳ɿԿϣû뵽ȻΪĿĽСңûԽСҵĳŵ
СЦŵͷ磬ģ
ӦϺۿһʱ䶼֪ӦʲôˣСָţӦϲ֪ӭźȲ衣
׼˲ˮģӦϸÿ˶ӣҪǽԷ
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ӦҪúףһ£Сȴͬ⣬һҪأǸտʼ
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ѧƵ˻ȥ·ϾͽϢȥˣ󲿷ֵ˶֪Ϣ
½ͽСź۳ԷӦϽСӽеƫ
ԷʱǶڱʾԽС˷ܣӦСȴӦСĳɼѧôʱѧʣ϶ȽСѧĸðɣأʲôɼ
Ӧ϶һ£æ˷ˣӦСĳɼˡ
СϵĶҲһ£Դ۹ģֻ˵˽СӦС϶ûпУ


257 ٴ
վǰӦүнҵأūھȥʡ˵žͳȥҴҪȥ˵ĳɼ
ûгȥΪ˿ˣΪСء
ȥѯʣ̫̫ҪʣӦүûпУнɡ
ҡͷûֻæſСˣ˽СĳɼֱӴ۹ˡ
Ҳҡͷ
СЦһϢ϶ܿͻˣȳԷɡ
˵֪˵Ӧϡ
Ӧɫһ£û£϶ᴫĺܿ죬ȳԷ
۾뿪ˣŲûҪ뿪˼Сң˵Ҫ٣ʶһŮӣټܲѧҲãһ£
Сһû˵ӦϾֱӴӦˣãСһʱͿ飬ҲֻСÿ˸˵һ䣬ҪиŮ㣬̸ܽ٣Ǿ̫ˣ
ŵϴЦѧҪĲ٣Ȼ˵Ը⣬ҸŽСȥ
Ӧͷл
Сȫ̱һߣѸٽˣҲھܾŵĺ⣬ֻܵͷ
ѽСҪȥлʦһҪ׼ö˵뿪
Сţ飬漴ʮ˴崫ˡ
ϺϻڵŽɵϢСе飬վſھͿʼ϶м飡϶ǿӦǻ˲ܿϣŶ˶೤ʱ飬ܿУ˶ܿˣ
˷ܹҲʼɻˣôÿģСû೤ʱ䣬ţѵǺӦҵĻйϵ
ӴϴϢ˵ڰϿ˺ü飬ûӦСҲûϣ
һӦСҲûϣ׽Сǿ̿ϵģƾԼ츳
һʱ䣬СŵñӣҲ˵ӦϽѧƣ츣ۣĸ
ӦСͽ飬ֻǳЦ˼佪Ҿû˵ʲô
ϿڴϣۺɸֵĿŽɡ
ϺֱŭͰǸͰǮȫȥѧѧʣָԹҫ鹣㵹ãѧô꣬ô꣬ŶУǸСҰ֣
վһߣʧܡ
Ϻǰ˵һμҴĹ壬ӣֱŲ豭˵ǲǺǸŵһ𣬻ûˣŻŶϣ
ɼæҡͷûУһֱרѧʣûе飡
㻹ѣҪ˵ţϺһٴҹȥ
ڽɵͷϣʱѪ˳ŽɵϸϽӴɻ󣬡ʲôֲ뿼ϵģǸСҰֲ֪ʲôſţôܽŭڴɵأ
ɴСͷϺðѪһƨڵϡ
Ҫ˳ŽԼҲˤˡ
Ѿ߳˷
ڵϣ޸ͣͷҲۡ
ѾͷѪ³ʲô飬Ҹи翴ɡ
ϳסȥŪˮϴһ£ϵҩͿˡҪ֪ˣһôЦҪӦϺǼҰֵ⣡
ҲûˣûгУɽѾϴҩ
ûõӣѾһԭָԿţԼСˣԺ󻹿Լ޸˼ңû뵽ʲôûУǸСȴһӾͿˣ
ѾСˣҲ˵˽ͻҪ޳ȥ˵϶Ǵ˼ҵ̣Ǽһףɿô꣬ŶϣԼ޹ȥ˿˼Ҳֻῴɣ
ӦҵҲһƬš
ӦСٿϣܿϵĿܱȽϴΪȥ꿼ԵʱѾϤָ̣ŵķѧôʱ䣬ﻹΪ˻̣طǻǮ͵ģûϣ
ʧˣСˣСôῼأ᲻ǽŪˣ
Ϸ˷ۣǲûã˼ӦϺǮӦϴˡ
Ӧ϶ֱӵһۣʲô˵ʲô
ͷ˵ˣûоûаɣҲԼĺӣ
תƻ⣬Сˣÿ϶ʮָˣǲҪȥףһ£
ȻҪȥףĺ飬ǲΪСûпϾͲȥСףʾ
ӦϴҲͷһҪȥףСϣΪѧʻûңʲôطˣƤҪүķѧϰԼĹϵСأżС
ӦСʼյͷϻۡ


258 ף
Ӧͷûء
šӦСû̧ͷ
ˣǱ߿϶ֱ֪ͨӹȥˡӦϴкȥӦϼҡ
ϴЦ⼸ƾܽѧƵŪˣҺ͵ҵ׼Ҳȥѧ֮ǰ˵һ죬˵ʱֱӹȥС
ӦСӦСѧסӦϼңȥ˿϶ҲҪס
˵ųŵʱôϲ̫̫˵ˣֻǸʼţһ˳ԸУүҲ˵ֻˣԺҪŬ
ӦϺ֪ԼŮӣСУ϶ô죬˵ŵģǽСúúãСǸģ
÷ͷŷʾһҪһ㡣
ԨСţԭҪ˸˵飬ϣСУ֮Ĳˣ
Ӧûô˼潪СˣС翼ˣǲҪ׼㶫
ȻҪ׼ϴ˷ܣȻˣӿҲй⣬ǼѾǻˣֻҪӿŬһԿϣ
ӦϺȥϿ֮ǰ͵͵׼֧Ϻõëʣ׼Ӹ֮͸ǣȻûпϣɴཫ֧ϣ͸СҪ滻á
һ˺ƺƵӦϼҡ
ӦϺͽСսͺߣˣϵЦǷĵףЦŽӭݡ
ϿŽСֹסĵͷССʹѧ֮ǰԼ飬ѧôʱͿˣǹ򲻸ˣ
ϵȻЦ˵ܣ򲻸ˣѵԼĶô飬µĹ𣿣˵Ӷ
ӦϺǸ뽪Сһĸ꣬ŬŽ׼õëóһҪú飬Ǹˣ͵ҫˣ
Сӹëʣصĵͷ
ӦϿǿջЦӣǾ̹ҪˣһŮ˴ż̫ˣѾͷϣӦСûпУ˵ӿմ˻̵Ĺ⣬Ҳϼˣ
ӦСɫҲˬĲУԼԼ£С㣬С㣬ֺýѾ˾ǶѧʣҲչȥڴүѾˣӸʲϣ
СһһôܶӦСҪΪ˴ģ
ȥ
ϿӦϴӣЦƼСˣҲСˣǲҪˣҿÿýŲ٣ûеģ
ӦԭͲϲϣڶӸУӿӣСǸСأ£ҪĻǶ飬ԼҲ˵ˣҪ֮˵
ϵɴ۾ʲô֮ǻõأСʮ˾ˣǿ˿ɲô׵飡
Ӧϼһֱ˵Ҳòʮ˾ôˣڳ׻ģԼҲ˵˲ԸףҪģһûô֪ῼУ
Цźϡ࣬ССʹֻҪ¹򣬿϶ܿУŬ˵״Ԫڻ£
СЦˣѣ˵ôףοֻǽңǰܿء
˶һ˵Цĳ˶ٷ
˵С컹ҪȥлʦҪӦСһ𣬡ֵһɡ
СһۣӦС̧ͷҺһ𡣡
ӦϴҲãȻûпУҲӦȥһ£˵һȥ
СܾˣԼȥɣѾСˣܲʲô鶼ҪǣԺһҪչ˵ܵúء
Ӧϴļ򣬡ãСȥ
ӦϺ˵Щеûģ쵽ʱ뿪
ΪҪȥлʦӦСֱûлȥ
ӦϿӦС˲ò˳ۣ׼ԼңһҪԼŮߣ
СɫҲǺܺÿתȥ¥ϡ
ӦϺͽСţ˵⣬õĹƣҪȥлʦ
ڶϳ緹ѾŪˣӦСͽСһš
ӦСųĶ࣬Ǿ͵ЩǲҪ㣿
Сҡͷ͵ĶһҪ࣬صġ
ӦСһʲôӣвˬͷ˵
Ӽ˹ˣûκϲһӣҪܼҽ˴ĶһҪúѧϰŪ˾
СӦҵŵл


259 Ҳһ
ŴŽСŮӼң·ϸ˵λ˺ܺõģʲô߰ˡ
СͷӼңȴַӲڼҡ
СŽСҪѧ٣û٣˵һ£ҪŴȥС١
뵽⣬ֱӴõĵõٽٱ׼⣡
Сڵ￴һ£ҲῴƾоһѣʲôǮ
۹ãǵõ٣ϲİֱ߾ͺãҶɵıʾˡϰֱӱ˽Сݡ
ӦСɴ۾ôҪİӣȥװӵôõģ
СǰѯʹİӵҲ㲻ǺܺõģԽԽúãż鶼úڲٳ֣İӻҲͻˣȸŰɣһ򡣡
ϰЦǺǵģҪֱ߾ͺˣʲôĵطֱùһæޡ
С˵۾û뵽ԼôĶȻҲˣ뿪ԺҪ飬лϰˣ鷳ϰ彫ţһᾡǮȡ
ǸйģϰЦŵͷʾһţһҪ죬öˡ
˵ŮûлؼңСɫѾˣӦСȻؼˡ
ӦŽС˵ҪСһİ٣𾪵ĲС
һ£ǹŮҲôԣֱӿڣİӾİˣ
Сҿ۾գóİƱҪֹԺҪ٣ǿ¶Ҫûˡ
Ӧϰڰ֣Ʊ˽С˭һʼͻ᣿Ƕģ
С˼СҵĻ˵ɣӦҵĺӶͳȥôţС˸ڽӦϽгȥӦС뷨Ӧ˵һ¡
Ӧһֱӱʾͬ⣬߽ѧƵѾĲˣЩ˻Ҳˣȹ쳹ûˣҪСҿʼϰ
˵ãÿӿĽ̸ƣϸĲϸ
ӦǱҲæȻ죬˵ӦҪСһİһ٣ʲô̬ȵĶС
죬ҪҲһɣǼҲѧѣǼǻˣԺȥżңڵĶûС
ӦţϴڴĿԣͿÿ춼סӦϼˣÿͿԼСˡ
ţҲҪȥҲѧҲѧѣ֪ʶһģһһһģ
Ͽ˿û˵
ϲ̫ͬ⣬ǲҲҪ٣ԼǱȻ˵ʲôƶͥüӸ٣ǲ̫ܵġ
ϴЦȻѧͲ̫εģõģҲҪģ֪ûôǮ򣿡˵ţϣ˼ҪһԼǮٵǮӹҳ
죬ĶǿԴʲôĻ˲ǮŮҪѧҲΪԺ룬Ӧְ֧ɣ
÷֪õ˼ѧٿԺͽС޳ҲȰ˵ҾøһʼôõҲû£˶ǮǻˣλǰͲһˣСǳҪ֪ʶǹŮͲֻ߻ˣҲҪ黭ͨС
ţеѯʵ۹⿴ӦϺ
ӻǸŮʲôʱȴźȥúʹƼһ£˳Сϴ·
ϺӦϺ ûб̬˼顣
һ߽СŽСѾ˷Ӽҡ
սʮңǸѸǰ˵˽СҰżæǰæ󣬼С֮ǸСŮ⡣
СŽüȥ˵Ĳ߰ӼСҲûи顣
ÿ̸ֻʮ죬ʣµʱ䣬ԼϰҪ
СҵͷԭʱҪͷһ£Ҫÿ춼ѧϰҪæ顣
Ӷһ˸Ӧ֮ǰ˽һ£ýǸŮˣ֮󣬾ýһ˵ʣĽӭš
Сҽóӿһ£ͷտʼѧҲǴպϡ
ӦϴЦտʼϰɣȻˣõġ
ҲˣͽӴкӣǼҿɻкþأ˵Ϊӭ㣬㿪̳
ӦϼæͷԸ
˺ܿҲ׼ãӳһ¾ƣζܺá
ó飬˵ǸСҵģҪСҰϰһҪúøŽѧϰô϶ֵĿ졣


260 ѧ
СҲûоֱܾӽùлү
˵л£뿪ˣӾסӦϼˡ
ǻв̫ƵģСҪæСѧƵ˸ˡ
ӦϾôǮķӣôһֱʵ̫˷ˣҪСұܼ飬ֻŽѧپС
СҿͽСѾܽ鶥óԼϿĵط̡
ϵ֣ЩȣͲ󣬻û˽̣Ȼѧ̶ȣǲף
СǿһֱŸӣóģô߰ദҲ뽯潫һʲôɵӣŪ㶫ŪϾÿҪһӣҪܳԹס·ôҪȻҪúý̸ԼС
ӹ۲һ£ѧǸ֮ţ¼ӣ֪ʶ
Ϻ÷ţ˵ͨ˺ϺӦϺӦ٣ٺӦƽѧѡ
ӦʮָˣȻϣһȥӦϼңһ𣬲ڸĿģĲ鲻Ըĺһ˳
Ϻ÷ˣҪӦ϶ųӦϼҡ
˵˼˵⣬Ӧ𾪵ļУ˵ʲôҪҲһ𣿡ʮֲ⣬ôԼѧ㣬ŪʲôǶҪһţ
Сһ̸߽ƣ˵Ӧﶼˣɫ˲òˣ߹ӣ˾ˣС˵İɣȻǽˣĻСû˵
üʲôʲôֱ˵
ѧҪģһѧҪһӣܳԹס·Сʵ˵
Ȼ𾪵ĲУʲôôࣿÿѧҲôǮ
÷Ҳʮ𾪣ҽһǮһҲǽ̣Ҳǽ̰
żˣǼҶ㣬ʮ㣬𣿡
СֱҡͷӺԭԭͲԸѧġ
żĿ÷
÷Ҳ֪Ӧô죬ɣŮӲԸգǹ˵Ҫͷס
ϾôǮʵû취ܣϲģҾҪǸʲôŮˣʨӴ󿪿ڣ
Ӧ϶ǰһߣƼ浽ʲôŮӣĲϲѧǶҪӣ
Ҫǲ˵ģԼȥʡӦϲɵӣǰǽС͹ҪԼŮ⣬ھԼĶӸˣ뽫Ů͹Ů޹ôõ飿
Ӧϻͷʾȥнӳȥ˺Ժ
Ӻܿͺʹãǰӣ֪ʲô̫ˣҪһѧ֪ʶǾҪ˵
ϵͷ֪Ҫ˵ʲô
÷֪Ůһ㶼ŮѸԸŹ֣ӣһһѧһӣŷϵ·ǶôˣǽС˵һҪߡ
֪ΪʲôҪʣӷʡ
ҪҲ̫ˣ㵽̵ܽʲô죬ԭһ˵Ҳ
ЦҪģȻҪҽ̵ļֵ١
Ӧ϶̾Ͳٵ𣿡һôǮҪ٣ϵĸֿ϶е
񶼰ˣﻹд󲮺壬ӿ϶óôѧ١
żĽ촽ҧˡ
СӦ϶ˣǻȥʹˣһ°ɡʾﲻһң󷿺óôǮﻨϾ˼ûйŮû
Ӧ϶ֻ˵ؼһ£ż뿪
ĿŽСҪ뿪ʲôףûôǮ졣
ӦϽߣһɫǼСҲϳȥ浱ʲô
ӣСЦοǿ϶ˣӻֻһѧ
ӦϵЦݣӽҪʲô
ӵǲô죬˵ҲȽϺ嵭
ȥ·ϣ޵߶߶ʲôƷӣſھҪһӣټ٣ƽ˿ģ
Ͽǵɫãôˣ
һϵĻˣϽ˵һ飬˵Ӧһùõģ֪æ˵
õĿһҪȥģȥ֮ǰ֪۸񣬷ҪȥڻԹƼ
Ͽźϵɫã˵ҲûôĻˣֻǾǼڷˣŮȻҲܺǴһˣ
ϵɫʲôǷˣǰһׯڻǰҲû˵ʲô˵ӣͲˣΪϵĴֲѻǸ̫̫ˣ


261 ȥѧס
Խ˵ԽԽԽ˳ۣǼԽԽ࣬ϸӸ꣬Ҹúôѹһ¡
ⲻҲΪ˺......Сֿ䣬˵ˣܸо
ЦȰ˵ϣǼѾܲˣ߻ãҲƣȱҵĹﻹҪóһأûҪ˼ʱȣֻҪغԼһĶֵؾˡ
ĵͷϱ˵ĶԡϣԽԽ˵ˡ
ҧ촽ݣһžͱ÷
÷Ҳûҿ˰ɣ㿴˼ңûǸ˼Ҳһֱû˵ף˵Ѿ˿еСˣǽСϿǵĲ͸ˣ
Ӧϸɻʱ£ϲǵԼŮŻԼӵĸСʣӦѾȢ˲ԼһŮ϶ȢڶҲԼȫŮҲһӣ
û೤ʱ䣬СҾͿʼˣֱħ
СӦСϰϰ֣ŵķꡣ
Сſϣ÷
ôһ˵ӦСҲ÷
С˵ʵܲˣӦҪ˼ӣֱȥѧסš
ӦС忴СڼסˣҲ˼ڹùüסţҲȥѧס
ӦϴӦСʱӦϵϴΣҪǽӦСȥѧãССѾ˺üˣ˵̫ˣҲĲУСͦһŮޣ֪Ϊɶѧѧӡ
ûκѾӦϵ˼ǾܾӦͷֽСǸ˳ȥǾҪҲȥѧúССһǻ˵һ˶üסţǲûءϴЦ
Ӧͷȥ˵ſߵĶӣѧϰѧϰȡҲŪ
ӦСصĵͷ֪СҽѾ˵˲٣ȥѧһͷӺúѧϰһǼҹҫ鹣
ӦϿϣܶ£ϲǳԷ
һѧãͷӴкҵֶӣǼСһûѧãԼڼѧ˲١
˵̫ˣϵĺ󱳶ˣҲû˵ôãƤëǶһ㡣
ӴӦСţ˼⣬ǳԵ΢еȵģͲˣŻǸСӣǿˡ
ʱСӦСӦСһԷ
ӦϷԸӶ˺ܶˣҪӦСԵ㣬ԺѧûԵôˣһҪԵ㣬ʲôʱԺõˣùüùùܹ
ӦСԵ۾ֱˣһ߳һߵͷ
ߵʱǲ̫ģһ鶣Ҫע飬ӦǿŴˡ
ӽѧõ飬֪Ƕȥѧסˡ
ֳɵĵطôȥѧסأտʼ˭ҲŪͺˣϱԹ
Ȱ˵ôҲж̰壬СǴһ棬ȷʵǲУҿõӣҲǷ͸ˡ
üȻˣӻģ֪ŮҪᣬСӶϳȥһ˵ϣٿϣɵ̾˿ϼԽԽˣ
ӦϿżķ䣬ãѧƵѾˣԼһ˾ͿæߴŽСϽȥͷѧϰ
ӦϾԽԽõʱ򣬽ӹˡ
ԭ߶ѧƵģûǸˣźƤƼҡӡ
ӦϼȻֱóһˮʲô֣ǲǿҶҼҷˣˣֺˣӣҵϹۿ㣡ôϽţĽҲˣˣǲǾǺ۸ģҴ㣿
ʱӾ֪ӦϿ϶׷Ƽ
Ҫģٲ㿴ҸҲҴ㣿˵ţӦϾͽˮ
ӿӦϵӣҪ˵ĻһҲ˵
Ӧϼһƺ«ӣһ˵ＸģҪģͺǸѹڲݵϹʱôû뵽н죿Ǹ˯ʱôû뵽ʱʲôûУǼҷˣҪǣǻҪҪ
Ӱ˵һ仰û......ûҪǵ˼
Ӧָıӣ˵ʲôģ
ֻҪӣС......
ǵӺأòС˵ʱҷЩʲôʲôСΪҲ֪ǣϽͷŵŧϽҹ˴¿ӣ


262 к
ӽҧҪ˵ʲôֲ֪Ҫ˵ʲôȷʵӦϺȥģǱӦôһ˵ͳＸ
Լģ˵ʲôҪ£ٸǣҪǳԲ˶ߣӦ˵ֱ꣬ŤͷźݺݵĹϡ
СҴŴɽÿվſڵӡ
ͷСңҪ˵
СȿڣүôпǼң
ӿϼЦﲻζСң......ǡ
С´һ£ϴĻǰ·Ѿûӣǣҿû޶ûǮǹĸ̲סˣ͵İɣ
......ҡͷ
ҾҲôҪҼ¿ʼһֱ㸸ĸƴӣʮҪӣҪ˵㿿Ǯűǰ˵öٵӣǼͽıڣҲǸҪǮ
ҲҪǮģ
˵ҪǹӣֿǵļҲСҿŽӣ
һʱ˵ԼԼǵĲƲûУֻǾڵӿҪƷˣﶼûǰĸоֻҪصǰ
һˣôû˵һֱĸĸޣԼʲôף˴ʲôᣬǶ޶ȴŮŮʮֺãĸϸṈ̀ˣТ˳ǣȴ㵱һĹҪʲôʲôŲţ㲻죬ǻὫֱӸϳȥ
𾪵Ŀ
СҼ˵ţﲻûкޣֻǲҳϣԣҲǣ˺ӣҲ룬ֻûǸﵱǷ㲻ǣǴѹǸТӣǸµĶϱֻһ˶ҳϵų򣡡
û뵽СһСӾȻ˵ô͸ ţʲôû˵
ǽǼҵмҲˣһҲûӺӣ㻹һ㶯ûУ֮䣬Ҳֱѡӣ㻹͸ųӦö㼸ٴ壬ֱӴ㣬ҲۣȥúĸĸҪҶ㲻С˵꣬Ŵؼҡ
ӺվԭأߺвϷӿ
ĿŽȥӦϼҵķ򣬲³ȥӦϸˣ֪ӦǸƢģ˵ᶯֽǿôʱȥӻвɻѵӦԭˣ
ԽԽú£ֱӺһ߽ǵһμӣæȥģǲȥӦƼˣɫôôѿǲǶ㶯ˣ
ӰŻعҡҡͷ
һʲôѵӦҪԼҪ󣬽ͬˣ
ʲôû˵ȥſš
¼Ҿߣʮֲ˳ۣԭӦҸӦһףȻûмôʱ䳤ôôãµģôôۡ
һߣϺͽѾѧƵ˿Ϣ˵Ҫǣ֪ϸӾãҪþ϶иļӦǶû˵ӾҪӦϽл
Ҳһֻ֪ӦҲˣֻӦ϶һˣ
֪ӽȥӦϣŽôʱ仹ûͲ²ӦҲҪϵģ˵һͨԭ½ˡ
ֹû೤ʱ䣬ʵǵȲȥˣнѾӽ
ӹɫѿӡ
Ҳ֪Ϊʲôӵӣܾǰһˣ˵ôƼǸʲô̬ȣ˵ֻҪģһΪӣҪȥ¹ǸҲȥ
һͷû˵
üͷ壬ѵǸСɶҲûֵҪ󣿡˵ʲô㵹˵ǲǽеС˸ϳȥ
Ϻƺ«ӣֱŹϣ˵ʲô˵
ǻҪô죿ӳĬ˰죬˵һ仰
ʲôô죿˾һúùӣŪЩеûģһҪߵģƼñҲУǾͽˣֻҪӦϵļҲѾ˯òŮˣӦϻˣӿ϶ȥ͵ȣʱֻҪ΢˼ӦϻҪ߬š
ǿ͸ˣϺͽϺȥӦϵľӦϵĲƲ˵ҲǣӦôǮֻҪǻһӾͳ˸˼ңߵﶼӶ˸š


263 ȥϷչ
бһֱˡ
ֱˣЩɻ󣬿ĽϺѲıǸԵˣΪǮҪˣ
Ϻſھ¼Ҫѧ඼˵壡ôʲôãҷϣͰ
Դз֮󣬽Ϻʲô˳ۣͽлŶۣǽ񣬽Сûа
ϼû꣬ײͷˣûꣿ˶Ѿˣ
ϺϵɫС˼䣬û
ѾӣҪĺͱߣ˵˵ǵ顣
ϴһɶѲҲҪǸߣŽѾĻϲɵԭӦϷųĻ˵ϺǸ˶ˣӦñϳȥ
Ĺƨһǻ֪ж£ҪǶϳȥϺֿʼ֡
һ˼Ѿ˵ģҪô
ĿŽӵӣ˼ţҲҪ£ôߵģӦһҪĻôҲӲ뿪˾檣ӦҲԹ޲Ҫ˵Թ޵ĻҲӦǶլϲԹޡ
һֱֵľǸŵŵӣ̬ԽԽԣʼӦǱߵϢӦҪҲҪƻԺҪô졣
ʲô˵ʡ
Ӧϻصڵ˺ܳʱ䣬ȻôʱӾһֱҪһͨǲһڻҺƤǵĲƲˡ
ˣһӲҪļˣӦϳɤʹ
СҶŲ߹ǰʲôģѾˣ˵Ҳ˵ȥˣѾ˵˲ȥϺǽͷ֪˻һôΪأʱһǾ͵ſЦɡ
Ӧͷŭ΢һ㣬ڧϵĸСҲҪǼˣһҪ첻ȥ
СЦҡͷ潫ǸˣǿҸطĵӣң˼Ѿڱĵطչˣ챻ָźء
ӦŽСҵĻüҪҪҲȥϷչ
֮ǰ֪ͨˣ˲Ϸˮ˹ƣȹǶ˵ϷǱѾСˣغܿͷչˡ
ԽСҽ겻һֱоƣҪŪ׾ƣǰʱѾһ ܿܿˡ
УزģȥǱ⣬Ҫ˵ǱˣСҡͷ·ϾҪѺܳʱ䣬ټǱߵĴ㣬ʱʱĲ𣬳......
Ӧռ˵ˣżʣô
Ǽ˿϶û취ŪģǺүҺԼ˹ȥǳǮǳ
Ӧϲ뽫к¶˷ԼͲ𣿡
СЦˣ֪Ӧϵ˼Լ϶ҲҪŰ׼ңȻϢǣ϶ҲȥϷչ˼ǰǸϰ壬ŪĻһǴ̵ģǵʱǼҾʲôûˣأĻվŵĵط
Ӧ죬ǾֻÿζΪ£
Ҳһ⣬Ҫ˺֮ĺһҲûб˰ãֻлۣܱ˴˶õ档Сһĺ͡
ӦҲ׵˵ģ治һ𣿡
СЦˣҲ㲻Ϻܶ࣬лһƵķ˶֪ˣôһأ
ӦϳˣϵĲ豭˼Ҫô
Сҿһ£ӦϵĶߣǺүǼҿ϶òôǮǿԶõǮʱֻŷǮͺˡ
Ӧ̧ͷǴЦ۶࣡
Сҿ컹磬ʱ䣬Ҫھȥһ£
ȥӦϻЩģʲô׬Ǯķ˷ˣͷ˻һ뵽Լ׬Ǯܱȱ׬Ǯã˵ͷȥϷǱô˵ǽ껹Ҫ˼չأûаİæǼҾûôˣʱ򲻾ͱ˴ͷ
Ѿ֪ôռȻˣܺãͰ׼ǵȻҲҪϷô󣬰ȨƴҲϷһ˶󣡡ǵû취Ͱ迹⣬Ȼû취⣬ֱӺ
Ӧʣ˼˰׾ƣ裬ȻҪչӶ𣿡
СҡͷҲǣǲһֱеľƶҪиʱƣʱҺͰһ¡
ھȥǱ߰ɡӦվ


264 Ѱ
˴ŵ⣬͸Ӧׯ
Ͽһֱ˵ӦҲǳصģֱ˵˼ģϵɫѿ
Ӧ˵˹ˣæ߳ùˣ˵žͻͷкϣ˵Ӧˡ
үүأ顣Ӧʡ
үүȥˣȥУ˵꣬Ӧͳš
ӦϺܿͻˣ˵ţͽҽлˣҪ˵ʲô¶
ӦϽȥϰ쳧ӵ˵һ£......ạ̊́ÿ궼Ҫľƣﲻǣ˼֪ʲôֻЩߵˮƣ϶û취㹬ҪƵķѾˣǶֻ֪ҪͷԵģ϶뵽ȥϷչ߻ûչʱǿ϶Ѿ׬˴ǮԻԼȥϷǱ߷չ֤ǻ̵ʸ񡣡
˵ţӦϺüͷ
Ƽ˲𣬺С̫̫򽻵ҵļʶ࣬ҲáӦ϶ϴ͡
Ҳ֪Ӧ˵ҪǿӦɲ˳ۣ׬ǮˣͿԼɩӵˣֱ˵ģ
ҲӦϣһôˣûƼĳԶֲôƼǮأ
Ӧڣ֮ǰҾ˵飬Ǽ߻ûȶ......
û˵꣬ӦϺֱӴĻƼ˵ĶԣҪȥҪȥ
Ϻû˵ͷʾͬ
ӦϿż˶ͬ⣬˵ȥϷİţ黹Ҫţŵùģ飬ɺͶ£ҪȥϷϷǱ߻֪Ƶ飬ҪŻƵȥϷԺǷչǾǹ£ƹ򹤣ͿԻԼ
ӦϺͷתתȥ顣
̾һֻҪҪ飬ͻǰתתȥȾͲͣһ㣡
ӦϺһۣתȦϴлҪúһ£
ӦϴӦſӣûڼҡ
ûʲô飬ֱ߳ԷˡӦ˵
Ůǿʼ飬û˵ʱԼͷӡ
Ӧ׽Сҵ˼ԼҲͬСҵ뷨ҪȥϷӦôչߺͰҲԼƣҪԼңΪ㡣
Է֮ӦϴӦŸϻһһ
ϺӦһߣ˵ҲҪһȥϷչ
ӦϺµһ ˣϺҪȥԸɷݣҲѧϰôƣȥԼչԼӦɻҪڼģõİžмѡŵεȥϷ
һһһһֱ˰ҲûĽӦϴŽС뿪ҪӦϺٺú룬ż
˻ӭ̫̫С㣬ˣ˵Ҫ˻û˵
С촽
ڶʱ򣬺ٴιС㣬Ӧ̫̫ҽҪ顣ССҵҲ͵˵׵ֶһ
ӦҲûֱӽ˴ȥϴŲôЦϲ裡
߽ӣӦֱʣʲô
Ӧ̫̫˵˵顣
Ӧû˵˵
ǿ϶֪Ϸ˸Сľȴ̫ɹ˵ţ̾˿ҿñĸˮƣͳϷˮƣˣΪλζǺܺãǱߵĹƵģ
СüȻ󣿡
ҲûҴţòֶεõƷӣ϶вԵĵطҪǺȥϷƷϷĹƣҪһ£
ӦֱӿڣǼѾ׼ȥϷˡ
ϵЦݽ˽Ӧạ̊́ǿ϶뵽ϷˮǼҲһûֻǮռɹɣȥϷӦȥϷͻӦȥȥϷӰǺ
ǲҪ֪ôƣСҴɻѾ
ȻҡͷǣҪǮ
СҸɻˣǵǮˣȱǮѵҪֱŪģϷֱӰ
ϵɻ󣬺Ц֪СʲôҪǮͺûκιϵҰңôʱ䣬Ҳ׬û٣֪׬ǮĲס
ҶӣΪʲôҪԼӦϲһүôΪԼСģܵ˰ҵĿࡣ


265 
ûش𣬡ôȻĵǴӦһúþӪ֤Ҫκʧ
ӦʵĿСҡ
վӦ̫̫ͽСһ°ɣ˵ת뿪
ӦϿź뿪ıӰǺôǵӣ
СҡͷҪ˺ҵ£Լ˳ɼܺͺү⡣
ӦߣҲʲôöǺҲòȥ
ʵҪҲûôѣֻҪҸ̾ͿԡСԪڿƻ֮˽СƲǰѻǺŵģʫ϶벻ͨһֱҪ޵δ򣬲Ҫѹ
Ӧü˼˰죬ҲûôģҪ𣿡쿴صӣı˲٣ԽԽˡ
СҵͷȻǮΪʲôӽֻǮ
Ӧɫѿ˺ͲһǮղ?
ղǾȥҧ
Ӧϴһ£ʲôʱ㶼ܿЦ
ڶع
ظ£СҾʣԼдǵʱд
˷ܵĴվ˼ͬҺˣ
Сҵͷû׬ǮġһҪⶨõԼó
ؿܹƽֱͬ⣬û
ϷǱʲôҲȽ˽⣬ʲô׵ĵطֱ˵дȥССһҪ
صͷ˵˼ͽС֮дȥ
ӦϽǮóҪ٣ֻҪҪ˾УӦϿϾǸӡ
ؽƱӹӦ̫̫ȻңҾһúþӪڲ֪ԼǶôףȻ̸ǮǸֻȥҲʣ˶ˣҪԼϵɵӦϺͽСңǷծڶ̶̵ʱᡣ
ź˾ȥӦϼңÿ춼ȥֻǺͽСĻᣬֱӽ˼ţʫ֪֮ˣ˸˹
ʫÿϴЦſڳʫǰظ磬ϾҪҳˣȻС˼˽᣿
ϵЦ˲ʧ
Ӧϲ˵ıŮʱȥ˵˭СˣϹүҵģ
ʫһĭҪļһ˻ɧ
СǺأſڱտڵˣһûУ
ʫͨ죬......
С㣬Ӧֽ̫̫Ƶ飬ΪС㣬˵עã˵
ʫһ㶼źص˵ǣҪǺӦѧƵģΪʲôСҲһģ
ؿʫתӦϡСҵ𣬡նлӦ̫̫ͽСİ¸ǣ
Ӧϵͷ
ֱӴʫ״ҲûиȥǵӦĽСңҪΪСˣж߹ԶǸϲ̨Ĵã㲻ϳظ磡
СЦС㣬ҾӦñһ¡
ʫ뵽ȥԪ˽ٳ飬ϵı˲ͲȻˣʲôñģҺͳظĻϾҪˣɧ˵꣬ʹѾ߸Ͻ뿪ˡ
Ӧģǵʲô޽ҫɣ
ǶˣŽСңС㣬ΪʲôҪͺغ˵ˣΪأСűˣ
׬ǮʱԶûеˣ˺ѶǴ淽ģǲͺغҲұˣΪʲôҪ׬ǮĻ᲻ҪأС˵
ʲôû˵ԽС˵Ķ̫֪أӦСĸо
Ӧϴ󼸸ֵܹ˵ҪȥϷ顣
ĽÿóǧӣͶӦˣӦֻǮǮе鶼ܣӦÿɣʣµȫӦҵġ
һֱϣһ˲Žе鶨Ӧϴǻȥ׼ˣȥϷ
СҲҪȥϷӦϵݶ޵ģҲ뿴磬һҲȽʺϴҺͷ˵飬ȥ˵үѧҲȥ
ӦҪȥľУ㻹ǸСӣ·;ôԶʲôҪôϷǱ˺أ㻹ʵڼҴŰɣ
СҲͬСҪȥҪȥɣȥ濴Ҳܿ۽磬ǵӦһû취鴦ãҲ׼һȥأ


266 
ڶʱ򣬰Ӧϼҡ
ӦҪ˽ӭ
Ǵ죬θߴŰҪ˿ֻԶ۲ĸо
ӦϴЦ׹ôˣ
Ҫ˵˵ȥϷ顣֪ǿ϶ȥϷ˼Ӧạ̊́ҲֻһطչϷˮͬƣȥƼûȥһж
ҺСҲ׼Ͱ׹أǱѾҪȥϷܿͿԳ׹ϷҲ⣬˶ˣͷԵ˿϶뵽ϷĹӣ׹ϷƷҲԸŷһӦЦ˵
ͷ뵽һˣҽǺ¡
ӦҲ߬ȭͷҪ˲µԸֱӾʰ뷨Ҫô
СֻĹкҲû˵Ŀⲻɵ÷ϡ
СҲĿ⣬̧ͷú
תͷӦϣȻҲ֪ôƣȴûˣĿҪӦ̫̫輸ˡ
Сȿڣڴ˶ˣҲԣ׹ֱڴ򼸸˾Ϳԡ
ҡͷҪģ˵ǿܲͬ⣡
Сµ˵ʲôüͷ׹Ҫ˭
Ӧϵͻͻġ
迴һСңҪСһ𡣡
СֱӾܾˣУ׹ӣСһǸӣǸŮͷ¶治Ǹ˵ڼүѧ˵ƤëҲǺܺãǾʵ֮ƼҲ׹Ӵȥõѡ񣡡
ӦҲ̫СˣϷ̫Զȥ׹ҪĲǵƼԴҼңһ׹ӺúýѧСһСҷųȥҪ˵СһСŮ޶ˣ
СȻСͷԴƼ֪Ҫе֣ǻһ£һʱ䣬һᱣ֤Сͽүİȫ˵ţóƱ
ӦϿŰĶˣ׹ӣʲô˼ҪǮŮ
Ӧ̫̫ȲҪֻҵ⡣˵ţСҡ
СüͷȷʵҪȥϷģﱾûôˣԼͽС뿪ˣֻʣӦһ˴СӣҲҪչӵʱˡ
׼õ飬СڵļɣҸһ֣ĹѾкˣһᱣ֤ǹӵĻԴ
ӦϺһ׹ӣֻôһŮҪҪƹǾƷѡСǾԲеģ׹ӲҪǿѡ
СŸͣ׹ӣƱ㻹ǴȥɣҿԸȥϷСҾˣڼȽϰȫڼﻹָΣգҪ˵ˡ
貢ŭѾչĲˣܿͿԷչɾϷĹӿ϶ǱҪģ·;̫ԶӲǺð취ȻͲȥϷҲ򡣡
СҲģ̧ͷŰ裬Ҫȥ೤ʱ䣿
£°껹ҪȥһΡʵش
С˼ˣСӣ֪ˣæȰ裬Сã治ΣʤһСŮȥ
ӦϿӣҲżקҪȥԺھҪߣССⲻСȥ
СҸ˰񣬱Ӧȥ˺Ժ
СҲȥСãʵڼҴţ
СȰ˵ˣԺҪμӸֿԣ϶һֱڼңҲһ˺Ͱ׹ȥиأôҪȥòû취ССɣ
ӦۿˣŮԴˮ֮ʮ⣬ֻҪ飬һҪȥ˭ҲȰѾͷڻпպҿЦ
СӦϵĻѽ֪ǵҺ͸磬ǳȥˣҲǣġ
ӦҪƿˣ
СұĸˣҪԶ￴ǼұͲʲô󸻴˼ңȻչˣҲܵùҹˣҲǼһӣ֧һҲףҪֵѹڲȥĻϷĲҵ
Ӧ֪С˵ĶǵʵڲһСŮ޶ȥôԶĵطأͲҪȥˡ
СŸ͡
СҼӦϵ̬ûôǿӲˣȰ˵ȻҪȥϷһҪȥȥĻϷƾҪڰˡ
֪Ȱ˶೤ʱ䣬Ӧڲˡ
СǰǸҪ׹ӵȾˡ


267 ȫͬ
ҡͷŽСҵӣ֪ӦѾͬ⽪СҺͽСһȥϷˣƱƹЩǮ͵ǽϷıǮɣźͽСһɹ
С˵ӣüͷҪСøһȥȲ˵˻ôۣ·˵ᷢʲôΣգķʲô⣬Ҫôｻ
СҽƱ£ҪǮҪĿɽȻ˼Ȼܾܾ
ͽС˵ȥϷʱ䣬ҪСҺӦȽﰲһ£ת뿪
СŽСҺͽСҪȥϷ˲ͲˣҲģϷǱ߾˾˶ѾȥˣΪɶһҪȥôԶһʲô飬Һ......ҺҪôСԽ˵Խܣֱӿ
Сĵܵزˣǵڶ֪С˭ҵĺӣ㶼ҪȥǼʣԼˣ
СҽڻȻһСҪȽС죬һˣʲôȥ
ҲҪҺҲͬ⣡Сһֱͣͣ
Сüͷ壬Сҵӣһ£ȥˡ
ӦϿŽСӣȰ˵СҲҪȥһŮӼҼңȥͷ¶˵ȥ಻
˭Ȱ˵СҪȥ֪СǶǹԼִʱҲǺһΪԭҪڸɣտʼҲǲģҪȥӦ֮ͲˣȥϾֻʣһˣӦǵĵӣ˵ܡ
ò׽˶Ȱ˵ˣСصʰҲæ
СҿʰѣǰֹѾͲҪʰˣҵʱӵ·ٰӡ
ԼʱԽԽӦϵĵĲУæСҸ·
ڶʱӦѾ·׼Ĳˡ
СҿŸж
ңӦû˵һ䡣
СЦģȥ˵žȥ˳
ӦϴӦѾ׼ˣӦΪ۾ȫǺѪ˿żӦҹͱ
һСͽСҲҪȥ˲䵯˵ɶҲҪȥϷ
Ӧϼû취Ȱ˵Ҳͷˣ˵ǳȥ۽磬׹ӻҪϷҲҪȥſȥȥɣҲû취
Ӧɵɴ۾ϷҲҪ򣿡
Ƶķ˵ǿ϶ְ취׬Ǯǲÿ߶ռͷǴûȥϱߣ׹ʱ뵽ǣѾܲˣСȥҲͰˣСһСŮôԶȥ
԰СңҪȥϷĻôԶҲûȥǸ׹һû취չ˺㣬ô죿ΪڽСǰ֣ŽСҵȰ˵
СҲɫĽ˦ûµģҲ˵ûȥΪûȥҪȥչɾģϷ˰ǵȻҲҪμӣ
ϿŮӣ֪ӦϿ϶ǵĵĲУҲһȰ˵Сң㻹ô䣬ϷǱѾȥˣҪȥ㳤ȥҲԡ
ҳˣǾʲôûˡСЦ˵
һ˶Ȱ˵ǽСҾҪȥ
Сҡͷ̾ȻȥȥɣҲһ𣬿϶ʲô顣
ģӦϺҲûж˵ʲôСʹڸǱ⻹࣬ͲȰ˵ 
һ·ɣңҲܷһ㡣Ӧϴ顣
С֪ͬȥѾˣֻܵͷͬ⣬ȥϷʱ䡣
ϺһҲһȥϷ
÷üүүҲҪһȥϷ˼ȴͬ⣬϶ǵģȥһ˲Ҫֿˣ
ﲻ֪˵ʲôֻ֪ҪȥϷСҲȥҪһȥҲҪһȻһ
ôôڤ粻飿Ѿ˵˷뷨˼ȫûҪ׵˼ΪʲôһץŲأһҪ˺𣿣÷ѵ⡣
˲͵һûкͽСӴأô֪ϲңһֻǲ˵أ
ˣ˵׬Ǯ˵Ů鰮ʱȥϷǸûᣬӦȥԣϺǰŮҡҡͷ˭ҲҪţԼȥҸɳһɼ˵ģ
ﲻУҾҪһ𣡡
Ϻɫˣ־ҪС񽫷ﱧڻȥҪһȥǸСҲҲҪһȥΪʲôŮͲԣ


268 һȥ
֧֣ٴοڣ˵ҪСӣҲԡ
Ϻɲͬ⣬ĺ˼ҵĺӻ飿УҪٲھ͸һ˼ңֱӽ޳ȥ
վסҡ
÷Ȱ˵үүͬȥΪãҪԣ
ֱһƨڵϿУҾҪȥҪȥ
ϺӣֱӾ͹ˣСæǰϺһĴϡ
ɶӾôһԸϴһҲ֧һֱѹҪСۿᡣ
ôһ˵ίˣֱСĻ
÷￴ﻹԼˣɫҲòĺı¿ηΣɴͲˣôôɣϷ˼һ᲻˵Ȣǻòƨɵ׼ɣ˵ˡ
һӦϺӦȥϷ飬ҪСҸŽСһȥӦϻصңͿˡ
С˴һ˺һŮ˹ǻ͸ǽܣүŹģһ£һ֣ȥϷҲͿԷˡ
ǰӦǰԼó̫̫ū澵
ҲùӦϽ£ȵҲǰһ㡣
鰲ź֮ҲҪȥϷʱˣСҴӦϸ׼õ·Ĩ˺ɫġ
֪ҪˣܹȻСѾװǸˣǵһ۾ͽС˳֣ҲȥϷ
С΢΢һ㶣ûи˵ҪȥϷ飬µľǳһһҪһȥϷֻȥˮҶǱϤˣʹһȥ棬ҪҪԺ󶼲˵ˡ
ٵдżᶨҲҪһȥ㣡
СװӣҪǲҾͽߣ
ٵɫʮѿ͵Ŀ
Сʡ
ٵͷ˵
С֪ЭˣڼҵţҺ͸ʱģ´ȥʱʹһ𡣡
һԲҲû˵Ҫһ
߸սȰ˵ãžˣСңһŮӼҼҾȻҪһȥϷˣȥϷȻ˵ҪԼ֪ˣǲǴԼֱӾˣ
ŵһʱϳСңֱӶ߹
СĶˣֱӽԼϳԼǲǴĲɹ
СҵϴЦûü˵ⲻ׼ȥү˵ء
εĿѾͷ죬Ūһʱ䶼֪Ҫô˵ˡ
үûҪĶеĻһʱСҿڡ
źͳһɫѿҪȥͺˣΪʲôһҪһ𣿡
ȥǱߣҲһȥ棬ȥ
Ҳ룬Ҳһȥɡ
С΢΢һ㶣㻹ڼúɣ϶ҲͬȥôԶĵط浱ǳȥһȦϾܻģ
֪ڷ϶ҪȥֻܺһСߣĻ͵͵һǧƱ
СûоֱܾӽƱС͵黹û˵ӳֽҵ˵ˣҪֿӦʲô벻ͨĵطŵ㣬ԼȥˣСҲˣ;ƷѹӦϵϣе㵣ġ
Цŵͷ֤һὫչ˺á
һ׼ãСͽСȥӦϴһ
γȥ̫ˣ߻λǹһɡ̽ͷ
СҺͽСɫ˲Ͳˣǲ֪Ҳһȥ
ٴκСңϳ
СϴŲãǰ׹ӵСˡ
ҲӦϴͣ׼ҵĺӣҲһȥ¡
ͷŽСҺͽСɫҲЩʲô߰ɣҪˡ
СҶŷͷڰϳСҲ˳
￴ͷҲص뿪ֱ˰ĳвˬǵôҲ˵ʲô޵Ļصλϡ
С̾˿γп϶ܰˣ׹ӣǸְɣС˵֣ԺоͲҪˡ
˼һ£ͽͽ塣
Сҵͷ
½·ʼˮ·
˸ᣬ߹Сңڴûв
СҿһۣûУ⣬㻹ǽҽɡ
ɻ󣬡Ϊʲô
ǰ׹ӸС˵֡


269 ͵͵ȥ
Ŷƽ㶼ϰˣһʱĲ˵ҲЩճʱǾûкԼһڸ˽Сҡ
СҼ컹ʵܲܡ
һеܣԲŹ㣬ôһ˵Ҳôˡ
δǻȥúôűȽϺá
һûһ˵š
һҪŪȥϷûкͽСһ
źͽС˵ķ̫ˣǸ仰뽪СͼԣСͽСһģǽϢĵطɢ
԰İʮֲ⣬˺ܳʱ䡣
ֻҪһʱ䣬ҸͽС˵
СһȷʵҲģûнϳȥ͸ͷʹľɫʱʱóֽдд
ʲôᣬСҶܸⷽȤʮ츳Ƚ̸滭γҵ
￴滭Ҳһ𣬿ŽСҿ飬Ҳһ𣬵еĵطʽСңСҿȥʱ⡣
ɣȥҽСҪС˵СüܾһΣģɴ߶ˣʱ޿̲Ű衣
Ȼȥ߶Ű裬Ϊ˼СǺƤȥ˼ΣÿζСһ䣬ǹӺæˡ
ڴĵˣĽŭŵ˽СҵϣܾýСҲԼǹҪͽСұԼԽС˼ÿθҪ˵ʱ򣬽СҾͻұĻ⽫鳶
ֻ֮½·СѾ˺ö죬ҵ裬׹ӣǽҪȥ
óһŵͼһĶû˵С˾ͱɫӣǳֹ͢ģ
Цҡͷû£Ž϶ҵġȻǳֹ͢ģͼ˳еıҪƷĸ̿϶С
Сҵͷ׹ӷġ
С;ɫãǽ˵һҪעⰡҪ˵ȥɱͷĴ
СҽҪȥĵطʮ誣ڳ֮ǰѾҪһϷ̽ˣյط¾˹ӣߵˮ̫׻ˣҪ˻Ϸ̫ܣ֦ģҪıʵ̫ߣнǲ̫ˣֻܷɢ
Сʱһֱ۲ĵƣͬ˵ģȷʵɽ·Ƚ϶࣬Ҫˮ̫ѡ
˵ۼһҪô
Сҿһ۽С磬ǳȥɡ
Сվ󣬰軹ǲģԼµųȥǡ
׹ӣô鷳ֻǳȥߵдžˡСûͬ˸ţҪȥģֻͽСһ˾ͺˡ
ûж֣ѽСһҪСġ
ﲻ֪Ϣ˻û߳ȥԶ͸С磬Ҫȥ𣿴һɣл
СвˬǿĹ֣ҺСҳȥǿ£һﲻ㡣ʾתͷͽС뿪
ƲƲ죬ţҲǵҵģģǲõңһԼչ˺ԼǾʹҰɡ˼Ũ
СͷҲء
ҧ촽ۿзᣬôҪСһ仰Ҳ˵
һһ˵ʲôߵҲǺܿ죬һת͵͵ȥ
СͽСֱ˸·˺ܶߵɫСԣǴӵ
ŽС˵е𾪣֪Сʲôʱѧ˵ˣСҲ𾪣ϲûбֳ
С˵ĲҲ˳ֻ΢һ㣬˵Լ̶չӵģһʲô˵ʲô˵⸽ʲôˮ
˵Ȼ쳯죬Сʹû˵ﻹţվһطˣ׼ȥǡ
ʱ򣬷ﲢûз֣ĽĿ
עˣǱˣһ͵͵ģһۣ׼֡
ΪܸСһӡ󣬴Ķƽ᲻ô·Լ˳·ûӦǸ֣һҪúñ֣ŵʱһ£ΪľСĿ⡣
ȻߺÿĹﲻ٣Ǳصģ鲻˵Ҷģĺÿģһ˳еģ֮١
ﺦߵ̫֣Ծ뽪Сһξ룬СͽСҲˣҪȥһ𣬱ϾѾôľˣ϶ͻȥɣ


270 㱻
û̧ȣͷִתͷ߿һ£æ档
˿ˣ·ûʲôˣֱӳǰһ˿Ʒһס졣
Żˣɫ԰ףҪȴвƴڡ
ôϾǸŮˣǸСˣ޼£ֻܱߡ
ڷΪԼҪʱ򣬰Ļס֣ôĵӣȻҹ컯֮ǿŮ
ߵ̫󣬽СͷͷһĻ
Ϊ̫ԶСҿģһϳɫ˲ͱˣ磬һ˵һŷǱȥ
ȻС˵װ磬ʺ˵Ҫû취ģó֮Ҫ͵͵ϡ
û뵽СҺͽСû£ȴ¶ˣ
һֱ֣ӳˡ
˼˹ֻôãתܣҲҪˡ
ﱻݺݵڵϣȥ׷ͽ
СҺܿѾվվˣҪС֧Ųվס
Сҿŷ԰׵ɫĲѣûˣ
Сһߺһ˵˲ҪžȻ͵͵ţô飬ı˽ٳˣؼҪôͼｻ
뵽ԽԽ˳ۡ
ﺦµĲУǿСɿܹΪСǵҪĻ
СҿһѣҪʲô
һУﵱûԭأվվȡ
СҿԽԽ࿴ֵˣתͷŽСȻȥ׹ӵĻ϶Ὣץġ
Ҫߵʱ򣬷˫ȾǱˮ̹ȫվίĿŽС
СҺ޲øһƣ㲻֪ʲôЩеûģ
СҲüϿӣԹͻȥ
׽С˼ҲΪ˱ԺҪ﷢չģԺۡ
Ƕίһֱ
ܿʹŽӹСĽ
齵ĵطѾЩСҷ³ȼϺ֮˵㱻˽ߵ飬ﲻ£ֿʼ
ϺֵĿŷһȥģôᷢ飿
ҭҭģ.....ǲһ𡭡
˼Ͳˣ˼ǹүС㣿ŲϺλүҪȥӵԹ˽Ը˳ү˵˲㣬Ҫؼңû뵽Ȼ͵͵˳ǲҪԼǳ飬ȻҪƸˣ
Ϻŷӣ״˵ģ־Ҫ򣬡˭ĵӣ
Ӧϴʱֹ˲Ϻлú˵ﻹС̰˵㣬´עˡ
ԭ˾ţϺӣֱίĳ䡣
Сһ
СߵϺǰĹ֣ԹԭһŮӸųžͲ㣬ǶϤ׳飬үǶ࿴ŵɡ
ϺǺˣһʱӦŮҪﻹڴŷܲýСĺøУȴû뵽ǸӽŪӣҪС÷
ӦϴĲϺļҪȻȥοһ·
յϢѾͽץˡ
ܿʹŴͽ߹迴һۣȥţ
Сϴžᡣ
ͣǵӦþĽףںò׽ץˣȥţ֪ҪٻƻŮ
Сҵͷ뽫͹٣Ϊ͹˻ԷӰ죬뵽ûϢӣ濴ֵǣεҡͷ
ӦϴͲϺϢ߹֪ҪȥţӦϴͬģϺ֪ԷӰ죬ǷԼ˽Գȥģ˼ҰæץˣҲ˵ʲô鶼û˷ˣû˵
ǶûԴŻͽͽţ˵ԼѾ·ϲ㱻˽ٳߡ
˿ŰȾͲһˣֱѶ飬˹ϲ䣬˷һʮӣʮ壬˴Ρ
ϺŰԺͰлǰ谲ŵˣڻ֪أǶһҲϤҪ˱ȵ컹ѣлֽ֮гҪԵл˳СҺͽСл
СɫôÿĻӦ£Сѹûп
Ӧϴ󿴳治̫ʱû˵ʲôϽСгô£ǲΪ˽Գȥģ
Сûֱ˵ˣҪǸо߲̫ʣȥĵطɣһǸŰ׹ӣæ֮Ҿ͹ȥǡ


271 ֿж
תƻӣӦϴüͷ壬Ǿ߲̫ʣȥǱߣ׹Ҳ˵ˣǱʶٸˣ磬˸ɽҪŰ׹Ӿ͸ţǻȥʱ򣬷ﻹҪǻȥġԭΪ̰棬ҪŽСҳȥ棬ȴû뵽ǱŽСȥġ
ӦѾ˲ԼҵĹŮƼ϶ҪԼһŮҽСӣԷû˼ģ˵ݣﶼʡ
İɣ鲻ĴһҸүү˵˵顣
Сͷ鷳ˡ
ڶ죬СҳȥŽۣиҹӴѾ߳ţ㱻˽ߣʵŶҲˣֱȥǴӵ
Ϊ֮ǰҪֻ̽ǿʲʣֱһƬҪ˸Ͻʰܿܿˡ
ʱϷЩˮѾˣСҽټһЩˣϽƣ߰ٺ֮Ҫȥһط
ӦϴӦ˵һ£Ҫ뿪ǾﲻʣǻȥǱ߿
ǰ飬ҲںˣֱӴ˵·ͽСһĨĺںڵģһСӡ
ǰ˵СҵӲÿҲÿ춼ֻܻ˵·
մӦϴͲϺ˵뿪飬СҺСһ𣿡
Ӧϴбһۣǰ׹ӵСˣȻҪͰ׹һ𣬰׹Ҫｨƴ壬Ҫһʱ䣬뿪
ɫһҪ˵ŽСһߣ֪Ҫô˵
ϺӾ֪ʲôŭһȥʰߣ
ϺƵ񣬷Ķתȥʰϸ
ŽСͽСһӷСң˵ҪȥˣϽʰɡ
ǻߣȥɣȰ׹߰źǻȥǻϡСҿϵʧ䣬飬׹Ҳǣ㰲˻ǱҲǰźס޵ĵطֱӹȥС˵飬Ƶ˵Ҫһ顣
￴һ۽ССߣת뿪ʧСңǲ̫ûˣǸ鷳ǲŻôң
ÿ˵Ըǲһģ˵̬ҲһүүϷΪ˳ʶүүֵ𣿡Сҷʡ
ɫȻʶֵģֻǵҪС۹⣬ҪСȢؼҡ
ϽȥʰɣǻᾡȥġСƷûôʱͷ˵ô࣬ϵ·Ѿʪ͸ˣϣܵ
ӦϴһʰöСһҪעⰲȫ֤СҲҪ£ڶ컹ûͳˡ
СûӰ泩ڿɿˡ
Сü۴ЦˣǸϽɻɣܰװðôǮ
;ڰ󣬡ҿСүⷽû飬֪ôڲ˺Ƥ¾ܾ˼ңһͷһСү˵취
һۣ£˼Ҷû˵飬һô֣ܲ;ֻԼһСˣô֪ôܾŮӵİ취Ǹ˾ͻ֪ǴϿľ飬ҪС֪ˣҪôԼ
;֪ķӦΪʲôôת˻ͷūŵĴҲǺģүãҪæôͷԼĲˣ
账ϵ飬Ʒ
Сڽ̸ƣ˵ĵػ
СһԾ˵ķѾˣÿ춼ŽСңҲһ㣬˵ĶЩͲˡ
¿Ű裬к迴ŽСңʼ޽СңүǸţôʱ䣬ѾԺ͵˽ˣĻҪȴ˵ô࣬ĵطүæء
С߹ۣͣҲÿ˵ѧϰһ㣬̫Ҳᡣ
еͶⷽ츳ŬкǿѧϰЦ˵
ǸŸͣԶԣү˵Ķԡ
򵥵˵˼䣬СҾֻȥæˡ
ԽԽůˡ
Сÿ춼ţǣֹǸһʼʲôûµʱͺͽСȥڸʺֲ˳˵ӵӿٴãڶŪĹӡ
˿ǵӣΪչɵģطҪ׬Ǯķʽǹɡ


272 ٴγ
СÿطὫͼСӣҲʼ¼ ʱ䳤ˣеıԽԽ
ȥ֮ŪˮȡҺˣСĵĸ˵ӦôȡȻô
ΪϷҪȱůһЩƷ͵ʱҲ˲١
СҺͰһ˶ʮ죬һƾˡ
Сҳһ£ûԤЧӦԭ϶ȣһҪǽŪãǧҪϸ
Ҳһ£ζȷʵ罪СڼĹƣȷʵ̫ãǵһΣ϶ͺˡ
С˼һ£ʵľѲһʱ䣬϶иõζǽׯȽϺá
ԣæһʱ䣬ͺúϢһ°ɡЦ˵
ãǸϿŪǾȥһطɡСһʱ䶼˷ѣҪȥطĻÿطôһ£˵·ݻȥĻͻزȥˡ
СͽСҵĵһҲ˷ʱ䣬ߴٸϽŪøϽ
ôżֱӽׯ齻˹£ҪСøϽȥʰӦӦϽ罫˴ȥģһξûسŵԺˡ
Ϊû˷СͽСûиŰ裬ǵһ
֪ҪϷСǰҪŪ˸̣۲졣
СӣЩΣ˼ҵСﶼǿݣôÿ춼оЩϡŹֵĶأ
쾻ŪЩֵĶѲԺȥҪ˼ȥ
СҰһۣ㲻ͲҪϹ˵̣Ͳô·ˡǰִʱŶõģʲôûеĹŴţûûģܾò̤ʵ̻һЩ
˹ǽô죿ܰǱ𣿡Сʡ
С˳ŽСĻ˵ǽкܶݣĵطȥ֮ܿǰ﷢Ŀֲءϴżᶨ
ү˵Ūڰ춼ú󱳷䡣ǰϳĴʣĺ¡
СұЦȻģǶزģ˵ϵʱܿء
ɫˣͷ̽үͲҪ˵ЦˣлǼٵа
СȻ֪Ż˵ģǿı飬㶼ҪˣһͷͲҪŻˣһǶ˹ȥˣ
ʵǸϳģһĻֶвޣеž˵Уе˾˵ûУҼţ
СҲɵЦŴ԰׵ɫˣǶģϽϳɣ˵Ϳʼо̡
СԸҪŪЩ߶߶ĶǿոյӣӲԸҪŪֱӶ˹ʱĻ翴飬٣ʱ򽯷Ӳҵ𣿡ҼңӦ顣
Сҽûʵ˵Ĺ֣Ϳĸֹ飬ĴųɵģΪųԭʱ򣬾ͻὫʱ¼ٴչֳ̾Ǹԭģûʲô֡
ʱ˿ɵ̾үССˣǶ࣬˵һ׵ġ
;ҾҲǡ
ԣСҽͿ;һǰһĸһߣҲ˵ģúͼˡ
˼˵Ҳ˵
;дɻ󣬡үǸү˵İɣСһֱү ߣôû飿
ˣҲ棬ү˵ĹǽأҲǺһ
Сһ̲סǲǣĴڵģ
СٴνײҪˣ㶮ö࣡
СЦЦ
ҲЦˣŽСңһרż¼ֹ飬Ȼȥʱø㡣
Сɫһ£л׹ӡڹŴûôСĺ֪ôģûע⵽ƽʱǶŪⷽȽϺãʡı˷ֶߡ
һϲʲôأʡ
ƽʱʲôԶҲͶ˵㡣СҵȻ˵
ôСͶô࣬ٶ࿴飬˾ˣ
СЦ׹˵Цˣֻǿ黹ɲʲôֻ׹ﶼȥˣʲô
迴飬˸⣬ҪҪһ
ִʱСҳԹǴԽ̫֮Сˣû취ԦôҡҡͷǵȻȥʱ˵ɣôĶһǺµġ


273 
軹Ҫԣûµģһᱣ֤İȫ
СЩҪҪȥˣСŰüǻǾ·ɣȥʱǡ׹ӿĶŵģѵ֪Ůܲ
ʶԼͻͷ
һʱ䣬ҪͣϢһ£кܳһʱҪߡ
ͣϯضԷˮϢ֮ٴγ
û೤ʱ䣬ԭյͻȻܲҲҪˡ
Ҫ´ˣҪϽҸط꣡;
С̽ͷĴֱӽͷˡ
迴һµͼ⸽ȫûпҪǱĵطҪߵһׯӦҪˣǻֱǰ߰ɡ
СҲǵһȻ߹ôطľ϶ǶԵģͷ
ܿˣƥܵţЩȣߵٶ
Сƿӿһ£ѾʪˣԽԽɴ಻ˣֻʹǰߡ
ԭܿ߹ȥһξ룬Ӳһʱ߹ɽͷ֮󣬷Ǹ죬濴ȥ߹ĵطɻꡣ
С³߾ȻûꡣСڼûмֵ
϶ܼ벻ĶСҲ³תͷ裬ʹ꣬ҲûϳԱ߱ڻ¶ˮ
׹ӸϽһˬ·ɣҪ˷纮
Цһ£Ҫ˯ˡ
Сҵͷ棬϶ᾭ顣
ڣԭƻȥǰׯջס޵ļƻû취ʵˣҺǰ׼ʳڼȡ
ʱһͣһƽ̹ϣʼ̨֧
СҵȼһѣԱߵĲݵŪ˵õҩݣÿˣ˯ʱߣóͲᶣҧôˡ
ӹҩݣ䣬л
󣬽СҿɫӦòˣҲۣ׼˯¡
СҪһ£˸һΪŻѣͶһξ롣
ת뿪ʱָ󣬡ү㿴ߣǲһˣ
С˳ָķ򿴹ȥֺǸˣ·߲ȵӡ
Ϊ˰ȫСҪ˻ѡ
ڻⰵͬʱԶҲˤһӣֱӴˤ
СҿǸ˾Զֱ߹ȥ
ΪǸɫ·ϻǺɫ״̬ȥе졣
˿߹ȥֱӴгǹ˵Ǹ͵Ůˡ
Сû˵ֱ߹ȥ
ŵùǺҪ
Сһû˵˾ֱûСǰһ£˹ȥ
ȷûκΣ֮СҲϸ۲һǸ̫ţݰͰ͵ģӦǶ˺ܳʱ䣬ɫơ
ͽСһǰү˻أҪҪȥ
С˼һ£һȥˣӾ
ŵУ漴͸˿˲˵û⣬ǺܳʱûԷˣܵţιȥģǴеж
Ӻܿ˹ǰˣ˲͵ˡ
Сҽʣµķһ£˹
Ƕܺ棬Ϊʲôһ͵̫Żô˳ڻĽҰĵط
һʣӵӶˣǸ˶ӣְֽ󣡽еĲƲˣҴɽϣֱӽˣôҶûˣһֱԵҰӣǣҾҪˣ
С΢΢Щ𾪣ϿŴᷢ飬û뵽һˣϡ
ӻԵʱ͹۲һ£Ȼɫƣ񣬵ǿȥȴǳԿ۵˼ңΪƤϸ˺ܶࡣ
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ᣬ˵ԼذģΪذ飬壬׼ʱ˳ԭذҲǸµˣƽûʲôصĻذ֮ԭҪȥͶģû뵽ʱûһ𣬶ӸԼˣôһˣͶϱһ˴ɽҪ
ذСɻĿŰ衣
ذΪһʫͷġ
СüʲôУӵӣ֪ΪʲôͻȻ˳٣ͳǴθļֵƵ塣
СЩذ飬ӶشʮСұҪͻȥġ


274 ֻ㲻
һҪСҵˣ˵СҹˣڶʱҪȻǰǸµģҲһȥģصĻʲôᣬһҩݣҪҸɡ
СûͬҲûоֻܾҪʱš
˵ڶĿĵأСûйϢͺͽСһﱸƵ飬ΪѾ׼ˣͽСˣֱӾͿ֡
ϴһǺͽСһѧƣְԼǡ
ҪǳӵȣҲȽǱߺã׼ҪߵĹģһ㣬һ˶ʱ͸һ㡣
ÿ춼ڽСߣ޾ϸչš
Сûµʱͳȥڱϼ¼ʱ䳤ˣǺһ
ܿһƳˣС˵˽ҪעĵطͺͰȥˡ
ȥݵ·;ͨ˳ܿ͵ˡ
ӦϴӦ磬鶼Ѿˣһơ
ϺʱûԼɣ׼ȼԼŪʱȸӦϴ֡
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С֮ӦϴӦ˵ŵصʮӣɵôȤ˺˻ȥʱҲǻһԵˡ
˵ʱ򣬷ＤĳСңҶҪˡ
еǸŮ֣ɻĿŽСҡ
ǲûԺſڣĶˣСһֱװӣŷɵü
Ѿܵ˺ˣ㱻˷ӴߣھȻӣֱڴϽֱ֣ӽǸŮ˵˵˳ȥ
СнСҵʱɫֱӾͲˣԹڻϲ𣿡
￴С˵˷ܵĲУûЦСѵ⣬˵в׹Сǹֱӽ˽Сҵ֣ҡΪ̫ˣû顣
СͷȥȻϵĿǣǿŽСңŤͷŷӷŭ
Сüͷ壬ǵ÷ոʱ򣬻ɵôھͳ˳²أ
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æӦܺã˵ίĿŽС
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һ˽ԺӣŹϣŽݡ
ӦϴŸڽСȴһֱŽСķ̲סѣʲôĻôʱӦҲˣЩԭͲ棬ǧܱ¶ˣʹﶼԼˣûֱ˵Сң˵˽
ﱻ˿ţѵԺ϶ģ´Σ
Ӧϴֻһ£Լҵĺӣǲ˵̫صĻǸ˽ٳŮ޵˷ӣЩŪߵĺӿ϶ǱƫƧĵطϱȥˣС˵ֱӾ·ˣ˵ıһĻҲˣ㾭㱻ߣһҪע⣡
ӦϴԼ㱻ߵ˵һ зߺֺ£ֱӵͷ˵ˡ
Сҿﲻɵ̾ӣʺԺ̫̫ʺͷ¶档
ǶѾˣɽСǲģǴӳͺ˵СҵǽҲû˽дԹﻹǶ೤İɣڱõķ棬κ⡣
׽С˼˵ôʱ䣬ֻԼӣ˽СңԹأɵίĺۿ
Ӧͷʵתƻ⣬ǹݣ׼೤ʱ䣿ߵķ˺ܺóԣӦó߿ߣԵһ㶼Ǹ⣬ʮֶĿζСͰ㣬һʱ򣬲ǸСӦϳԣ󲿷־Ͷԡ
СҵͷӦþ󺣲ԶˣĴæһʱ䣬Ǿȥ㺣һҪȥʣ
Ǿ͵ȹʱǶڼԽӣǾʹȥֶǸһ¡ӦЦ˵
СҾһ£߹ôطʵѾ˲ٶˣȽƵ鴦ãʱǺúιһݡ
Ӧϴʣ׹бĵطҪȥ𣿡
Сҿڣ⼸طˣȽ⼸طչչ
˵ϵ飬ӦϴʲôʱȥʱũæʱӦԼӦûۡ
СܻȥӦϰæЩΣݴҪȥˡ


275 
Ӧϴ֪ǹ˼϶סǿһ¾ƷĻͽͳȥˡ
￴춼ҪˣСûȹϵϡ
ӦϴӦæǰСôû
ǺͰ׹һģȻҪͰ׹һסӦϴĿһۡ
ҲŪ˾ƷΪʲôסߣҪһסûӦϴǽСŽСǲѾĲһԺˡ
Ӧϴ˼Ұ׹ӸǮǵȻҪ׹顣
ۿģͷ
ӦϴһۣԽԽˬкŮܹߵÿӣǸģôûһ
ǱߺӦϴľƷԶСû²һ㶼ӦϴӦȥǡ
СĵһͿӦҾƷҲһϾƷԺԱҲԷչΪׯ鶼ѾɵĽˣҲûȥǱߣҲʡĺͷ档
ӦҾƷûʲô飬ߵľȴˣΪԽԽȣǵļ̫ϤеĶˡ
Сÿ̳һֱŵģ̲סɻ󣬡ôᶼˣ
СҲһ£Ѿû취ˡ
ϴźôƣ˵ͻˣǸչľƹͲ࣬¾ƹ죬ó׳⡣
СϴŪҩݣ⸽ȫ㣡
¼æͷƵʱƷѾˣ¶ʵ̫ˣʤ
ڹŴСҲ벻ʲô취ܳ׸ó棬ֻܶһҪע⣬עһ㣬
һѣΪ˷ֹ⣬Сٴ֣һֽһ顣
Ҳ˱£߹
¼Ҫɻ̲סӣǣ
һʾ졣
СҲ⣬Ҫ֣ϴɾûУ
ЦˣȥԿ
Сҵһ£ûкмӴŽ̸¹ľƹӡ
СҾ迴ÿ춼ھƷҲÿ춼Ʒүǣʲôػ˵У
Сһǲ̫㻹ǻȥɣҵ·ˣû滻ģϴһ£˳װɡ
˱䣬үŮҲ̫ÿ
СЦЦöôϸҲƽɻ
迴ֻ֣ܴӦȥ·
迴뿪ıӰ㻹׼£
СҲ֪Ӧô죬Ǳʲôģһʱ϶¶βͣǸˣҲһˡ
ѾҪȥ˵ĵطϸˣӦúܿͻнʹûʲô⣬ҲţϾǴذӳģǸµģ˵Ժʲôˡ
СЦŸлĺ⣬֮ûнߣ󲿷Ϊ١
ãɳȥ˴Ϣ˵˵Ķģص֮󾭳ŰʱǸԲģû೤ʱƤͷˣھӺܳʱûˣӶϱ˵ǳȥ洮ˣһֱﻹ˲ӣǴˡ
СŲǲҲȫţȻ˵һǲ֪ӡ
֪СҶģӿ·Ҫõʱһ£үȴһ£еĵطҼʱ޸ġ
СԴһ£ĵطĲ٣Ӧϵֹ٣һ㶼
æ·ùܳʱûˣֶˡ
ɻʱ򣬽Сע⵽Ļ飬⻧ôûͷ棿
迴һ½СңҶôˣûʲôҲû⣬ҪǽүŰɡ˵ݸСҡ
СҿһݣͰȥ˲Ϣһģһ£ģȻ˵ҪæţֱӴ˿ڴ
趯Ѹ٣ܿͽ·ĺˣү԰ɣôõӻˣҽֹʰˣٸүһ
Сҵͷ·ˮ
ڶ콪СҲûзʲô쳣˾ֱӴϡ
СĻɣ뽫£ǸģǮҪﰲҺˣȻǰǴ˼ҵĹ£밲ҼҸ˼ȥɻҲУͲҪˡ
Сҵͷ뿪ʱֱӸǮˡ
ȶҲûٳ⣬ҪͰ飬Сøڰ


276 ūǽү
һ¶Է֪ԷŮίĽǱߵһ£ʱϿӣ˵߿ܶ࣬Ҫ˺֪ûк򣿡
Ҫӵɫ˱䣬ĿȻֻ࣬Ҫ˾Ӫ϶Ѫ޹飬˻ᶪö֮û˸ҾӪһˡ
ǣǸǮ·ӡϴЦ
˵̬ûиôǿӲˣԭһİ϶ҵû뵽边ȻôĵӣǻʽҲǲԣɱͣӯࡣ
С֪˼޷Ǿ취ӵļ۸ѹͣԭͽͲ񣬹ٹ໤ܵѹٿһ㣬ЩũƾҪȥˡ
ȫûҪ˼ڵֻ׬ǮԱĲȤ
ͬ⣬Ǹҿˣ˵ʲôһ뿪ˡ
Сҿһۣû취¾ҪҴ˵ˡ
СҲǵ飬ȥ˵һ°ɣҪǰи׼
ʵڲУͽ̵֪ǱѾ˵ˣǰҴȥݷˣǲõġ谲οˡ
ȥɡ
СҼ֣ҲվҺһȥɡ
Сǰųţ͸ˣҸŽүɣչˡ
̵ݸóʱҪóȻôԶĵطôãܹ黹ǿһЧ
˵֪ǵݣҪͽءӦЦ˵
Ǹǵǲ⣬Ҫǲﱻ۸ԴСѣزĵطҪЩ
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Сҵͷȹʱ䣬ҲƵķ˵һ
ǵͷ
СߣھƷ￴һ£Ӧϴ˲ٱˣҲǺ֣ڣƷҪȰǱߺõĶࡣ
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òԣȻȥҾ͸˵
ӦϴҲͬ⣬˵֮ӦϴҪ߳ԷԷ֮СͽСҳŲæͳȥйˡ
ϾҲҪȥˣкܶҪǣȥһҪСġ
Сһ·ŵ׼֪ҪȥҲҪһ
Сҿ˿ž͸Űɡ
Сϳ֮ʼỤ̄һ⣬֪ү಻Ե֣ҵһμүʱΪǹֱӱιȥ֪ү֮ԽԽϲ
𣿡СЦЦôȥذ˵ģôؼܵŰġ
һ£˵Сڸ˼ˣüתذȥģҲΪһֱҪˣӲԼס
С˵ɵüͷ˵飬ıܿذֻ˵ԼǸ۵ˣôܵλã϶Ǽ򵥵ˡ
ߣ迴һΧĻˣү߲̫ƽǻȻȥɣĻ֡
СҲͬȥݳǸˣĵطʱ
˻ȥС;˲ٶʱŻȥ
Ѿϵ鴦ˣ׼ȥǳʱ䲻ˣ߲඼ˣǻȥɣȥ·ϻҪܳʱ䣬ƵҾҪ²ˡ
СҪ
迴ŽСҲͬ⣬ֱӹڵϣүҹ¼ҹһǽүҾģҪҸڽү߰ɣһúźүģ
СҪֻżȻûҪһ㹻֤ǡ
׹үһӶźˣͻȻҪϢҶ֪ԺҪôˣүңҾǽүˣҪҸŰɣҿ϶ү鷳ģ
С۾΢УҪߣǩɡ
û˵ϴžᡣ
Ҫǲ룬ߣúԼӣҲӣɽ·ԶǱĺӡС˵
˼һ£ǩôˣСûĲһģǸڽү߰ɣүҾҾǽүˣ
СֻͬҪǩҪҳԸ⣬ǩҿԶ⴦á


277 Ծʳע
ԥİӡСҡ
ܿʰˣһӦϴߵ𣬲ϺҪߣﻹҪŽСһȥġ
ţֱӸڽСҵ󣬡ҲӵӣҪҺһɣﺦ¡
СѾֱ˵˲ϺϣӦϴ֪֮󻹻ʱʱһ£ԭΪ϶飬û뵽û˲ϺѹֱӾͳ˹ҪͽСһͨС
Сҵɫѿȥ
￴ɫͷ
СҵŽСҪϳȥҰ׹Ӱɣڳӵм䣬϶ᷢ⣡ֱҪȥҰ裬˵ʹԼû취ͽС档
С񣬾֪ʲôˣһҪСġȥһ߶ֶ裬ýүκ⣬һĲ㣡
صĵͷүİɣҿ϶չ˺ýүǱŽСһ
СüתȥҰ衣
￴ϴίүһ𣿡
Сҳ̲סˣǿһҲ˵㣬ô˵ҲǸҸһһУ𣿣
ϵı飬˵ôֱףһһףǡҾǹϵã磬ҾҲˡ硣Խ˵ԽС
ڽʱçײ㱻˽ٳߣؼǿ϶˵ʲôҲԼôͲԽѵôçײ·ϳʲô飬ɲҪûǰ˵㣡Сҿڸģֱӽ˵ˣ·ʲô۶ӡ
ô˵ֱӾ͵ 
һЦˣ⻹ûأԹͿˣǲ᲻òүºͲү飡
˵ģ޶ҿˣͷ˵
·ϵʱ򣬽Сû˼ֱóУȣһֱȷ硣
ڶ棬ŽСҿӣ߻ŸչˣһСӣС϶ҵĹŮ㱻ٳߣ𣬽С϶ӿϣôţܵĲУֱӸɴ಻Բˡ
ԷʱСҺ飬֪ôԲˡ
죬·;ɫԽԽãסˡ
ÿγԷˮʱСҶкһ飬ԼĵûҪ޾ϸչš
һӼȰ˵ôԵȵ㣬Թүү̸Ҫǽ㰲ȫԲ˭鷳˵ԼܣȥҲŲ˼ˣ
ίһֱޣԲȣҲû˹ȰСÿֻԵһ£Сǲˣǵ۾գһµģ㱻˽ٳߣֲ飬أʱǽߣܳ𣿣
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߹ŷԹүˣǽԹͻȥɡ
ҲңԼͿԻȥᣬǰ 
Ϊܳʱ䲻Բȣһվǰڣû߶ԶֱˤڵϣֻڵϿ
СҵĿһۣȥ˽ŪŪԵġ
ȥɣһҪǽ
ĺˣ
߹ҿһ¡
Сװ⣬˵мĻˣöѧ𣿡
԰ɣǿԿˣ黹ǲ

С飬˵˼ĵطĵĸ
Сڶ棬ŷ飬
ǶˣҲŭ˽СĽͻȥԹԳԺ֮ˣ˽ССҶˣϹҲסֻװ˯
ȣǵٶҲ
ʱͻȻߴܳһٷˣ϶ŵΧס
ͷ˶ݺݵĿڣֵǮȫóȻɱǣ
С˲壬СһڻתͷŰ裬׹ӣǿӦȥ𣿡
ϵı鲢ûʲô仯û£ҴȻֶ࣬
;߳һѳʱ׼ս
ٷ˵ŭ͵͵ӷ϶пȥɵúۿŵڽ


278 ٷ
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;һֱڰߣ衣
ȥ
;ȥҪ裬ӣ
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СڵпĳǵһμһʻɥԼǰ۾
迴Щ޶Ǹɱ֮ˡҪСи
СľĵͷСسҪ¾ͲҪˡ
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СҴӳЩҪôã
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СңֱڽСҵĻСңˣҲûˣ
Сε̾˿ˣѾץˡ
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Ǳ˵ԶиˮԴˮë߹ȥܿͻˣүɣɽȪĺܡ
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СͰһֱ濴Žٷ˵תȥͽٷ˴
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￴ŽС뿪ҪͽСһ𣬵ϴνС˵Ļûпڡ
·̺˳ܿ͵˼ҡ
Ӧϴӽ¾ͿʼţۿŶҪ˻ûĵĳԲ˯ţǻССң
СЦ֣
Ӧҿ˿ֿС۾ˮСӣô˵ģ˵»ۿ϶ҪˣΪǳʲô飡
СҵϴЦⲻǰȫĻˣҸ˺ܶϡŹֵĶǱˮľҲ˵㡣
С˷ܣһ·϶ͦ˳ģﲻõģ
˵֮Ӧϲŷְ裬æӭš
һߵķɫôãǰӻҪţҪ׳ȥӦׯ֪ͨˣߡ
СʮָˣǴСһ·ֻԼһˣҪװӵӣ۾ˮ
ּ˵Ӧһ
ͷӦϵʵǵĻˣûж΢һ¾뿪ˣҪＸúɡ
ʱ򣬽С½٣ӦС壬ӦС
￴С÷ֱ˵÷Ļ÷дˮڻ
ԭΪǼԼ˷ܣһֱͣ²⵽ôʱ䣬ƺͽСҲûʲôչ̾˿׼һ˼ҡ
ҲˣŽСƽĻһʱ伤˵ҪӦõģСҺúò


279 ҳ
˵С·ϵ飬Ķû˵ϵΣա
Է֮ӦϺŽСʵ۵ĲУкɢˣҪСҺͽСúϢ
СҪСȥ˯ϷĶóЩҪӦϺûȥӦûæһʱ䣬ڼʱ˾ȥү
ЦŵͷúӣҲȥ˯ɣ
ĸ÷ߣ̲סͷȥ
СͦΣҲĺÿվȺʮۣܵ
÷һѣʾϳ
ӦϽóҪСҺͽСˡ
Ϣ֮󣬽Сһƽ·ȥƷп
ӦϿŮһֱţǶˣӻǮ򲻵Ȼ˵Ӱ죬ҲûϵڲǮվȽŸˡ
СҵͷԼȥһʱ䣬ӦϿԽ鶥ǲǱأ
Ӧңɫ˲һֱģ˼Σֱ˽Ǵȥˣ뵽ʲôӦЦһ£˵μҴˣȶ˴ˣ
μҴ壿СҹŴǣɲ͹μҴһŮ
ӦҲǸ֪ϢĻ֪أϱ˵ǺμҴСйأӦǹμҴĹŮأ
μҴڽҴıߣǸСĴӣҪΣͽμҴ塣
ϴκͽͻ־μҴԱ⣬ӵĶأһҲżңŮѾӣΪǸˣڲźãиʲô鶼æҲǸĳġ
ЩǽС˵ģӦϣɽˣŴʱ򣬽ɾͺμҴһŮˣΪ־˳ͻӦʮ˾˰ɣ
Ӧ˼ һ£ǰѾʮˣ
ܺͽɹϣǹŮӦҲСˣʣӦȥˡ
СҽҪȥһ
СƷһӦľƣļǲûǰæľƸúأ
Ӧϴһţǲǿ
Сڼ˰첻ˣ˵ƷˣҲһ£ǲ
ӦϺͽСҽеĵطһ飬˵˵գ۾͵˰
Сų٣ССѧûԷ
СҴӻ֮Ϳʼ۲裬ȫûκηӦҲ·ʶһǲʶ˵ӣҪɻ
˵ʮͬ飬֪СĽǱ֤һᾡľźСҡ
ӦûҪúøŽСź򣬼˼ӶˣСģһ̨һëʣ̨Сͯëʾ͸ŽС
С˵֣ɵЦΪʲôôֵ֣
С˷ۣү˵Ծƣ˵ͯˣŰҵͯһ̨һëʣһ粻˵أʲô֣
СҪëʸĸֵģë˵ڵֺܺãøġ
Сҵͷ̨͵ȸ˿ĳɸʲôְɡ
Сֱ̨Ӹ̨˴
Ӧ̲֮סЦҲ̫ˡ
̨̫ЦˣӹһáС͡
ͯǽСԼģʲôӦϲû
ڷ˵Ц˵ӦСҲͯ
ӦСС·ʲôĶû취ԼϴÿλҪһѣܲ㣬ö֮ӦϺ˸ͯź
Ӧϼ˵ĶС֮Ļ˵ߴٽСͽСҸϽԷ˾ȥ˯ 
СȷʵǸоˣָӣ˿Сתȥ˯ˡ
Ȼʱչܹ˯õģصڼĴĲУ˭ҲҪҡ˵˯ȥˡ
Ǻñӣ˳ȥ
һνС˯ʮʱѾˣ϶Ҫ緹ʱˡ
ŷ߳С˰̫̫үȥĹ԰ˣ˵ҪúϢ
Сҿʱ䣬΢˵㣬Ʒ
ȣСѾѧ·ˣ߲ȣӦһߴӣһ߽ôƣֱڻвƵ˹ѧ
ӦϴŸӻҪָ˵ƷѧϰҪ鷳Ӧˡ
СҪӦϺúÿźӣ֣ͱӦϻᣬ˵ķʽʲôҲãһͻˣߵʱ򣬽СҪ÷ʩ


280 ˼
֪⣬Сҵл˵ȥһᱣ
Сҵͷ ȵʱó࣬÷ʩ֮أ
սߣ׳ͽˣ˵ǽвˡ
СüܾôϤӦһĵǰ򡭡
ʱûҲûнôѧƣСɻ
ķͣǴһͷǵĹӳˣĺӻСû취Ӫͽת˽вţвžÿһƣʮڣ˵Ū
ӦɫѿСһӾʹ⣬ҪӦȲҪţŷš
ԶӦϣСĺͽС˵вŵ˼ǺӦ˵һЩеûģƵ飬
СҳţͿвվſڣǣ¿ż̳
вſŽСЩ𾪣˳ò󻹸ӶˣϴЦСҰɣǽвţǰһʱǼѧƣ̫ˣŪã˵еĻ˵ȥϷ鴦ˣ
Сɫһֱӽ֣һӦϺϤḡ
ҲףֱǰĲҪģֱӽС֣죡
û뵽˵ĻһûӦ
вŵϹҲסȡֲҪ˽еģôͲܽˣ
ŭ𣬡˭ԽУܽУ
ŽвŲǸöֱвţơ
вһСӣ˼˲ŭ𣬡˵ѧһֱѧûŪùѧϰȴˣʲô֣ܽǲƣ
ֽ
вŵһֱл
Сҿˣ׳ȥȥҿ˾ƣǹɧţǼٵģֱӽ˴ȥԶѧƣ
в˲ͼˣҲɧǵģǲΪԽԹ޾ңĺͽӸһҲܣҺﶼܺߣҲһ˴ӣֻѧƣάơ
СЦһǮ㲻ڵʱҪĺȥѹεģ㻨
вѹţȥ
вҪţƱ磬û˼ľˣģǲſҳϵģ֪żӲùôܻɧǣ
迴ǳԲѷֱӸͣĹ죬Ҫҽ˺ˣ
СޱķԸţ׳ֱȥң˳㽫ǴĽҲʡ˵˶۸ˣ
вҪ˵͵ӣʲôû˵
С˵飬ŭ죬ÿʹ׳˵ҪȥҴ壬ֱӸһȥˡ
ŽСһû˵£һ˵һ֪ǴƵҵģˣӦøһѵ
СҼСҲˣ򵥽˵һ£СͷȻ˵ҵľŪˣͿŸǿĻ˻Ǽٻˡ
вź£뿪ţ׳ֱӽ߿ˣžҵľơ
вŵĵ￴ڵˣҪǣǲǹٸˣûȨǼң
Сŭ𣬡Ҳ˵ܲܽ
˵ʱһߴ׳Ѿ˳֮ȫǺõģ㱨үѾˣȫǺõġ
Ϊĺͽӷͨ飬ҷŻŹһңóӰƽ£տʼʱвžòƽģÿҪŮȥܴӽҵõЩô
ģθԽԽ󣬽ҵǮϺͽϺţòôͽӦϵͷϣӦȻ˲٣ǳҲ㲻ѿߵĽ½ǮǾ¥ˣŽӽӦϣõô
С͸ҪӦϹŽСҺͽСڼңƾԼӦϿ϶̲סįӦһֱûκαʾļıûóѵʱСͽСҾȻˣ
׳Ҫ˽ưүǿľ˵رãǾûл
ĿŽС⡭
ŭһв˼ֱӼȥٸͺˣ
в֪Ҫȥ˹ٸ϶ⲻһٰӣæ顣
ǵвűȥٸ϶ԴӰ죬Ͱæ˵û֤ԺýвţȲҪȥٸ
СҸ˽СһҪֵٸȥӦϵҲͻˡ


281 Ǽ޲
СҶݺݵָŽвţܺĹȣҪٸǼңҾҪߵĽ߲ȥ
иݺݵ˦ڵϣŵվվ
Ĺ֣ľ֮׷ָŽвʹ˵вһˡ
СҵԺвҲܹѧϰƺһ飬ת뿪
Ӧڼ޵ĲУһֱһˣǲǾһֱʱԼԺǵжӰ죡
Сҽ˺üӦ϶û
Ӧϻع񣬡ĴˣǼԽԽҲЩŰ飬˿ӣôţ
ҪˣҲܽˣǵ뷨ǲһģǸˣڱ˵;Ǹ֮ˣʲôù˼ɣҪʲôֱ
Ӧϵͷ˵ﻹأ˭ҪٸﲻŪ
ӦҲûҪ޸ˣǿǵǶˣҲͽ˼һˣŽСңԥһ£û˵ڡ
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Ӧ˵ӶѾҪ׵ʱˣҪټޣӣƣֱӴȥͺˣû£ҾƵ˸ô򡣡
СЦˣʱͻˡ֪ӦĲӦϼȻ˵Ҳûʡ
ϢμҵС񣬽ʮߣ׼˵ףСǲͬ⣬ҲǹţŮͬͽŵýŶˣԽԽ󣬾͸С˵ţŸմͽѾ־磬˭Ҳû˵˽¶ףҪ׵ʱˣɺ˽ᣬ˵ץסμֱӽɵȴˣ
С˼һ£μҺǱߣô˼
Цһ£֪ҸտʼͱѾһΣֱɻ˺£ǿ˵ɵ˶ûȥϣʲô飬ҪһӶ²˴
Ӧǳ鴤ǲǺͽҷ尡ʲôõ鶼ҪǼ̯ˣ
СҪȥ»ûУȻ鶼˵ҵܲܳɿ϶ҲҪ˵
ͷȥ
̫̫˷֪ͽŲĹϵֱˤ˲豭ǹ֣
ΣүҲѿŶˡ
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żҷ飬ö˼ˣ׻˵ĵɣˣõ콫ɵȴ˻Ӧֱӽ
ǵ֪ڸģһֱҪͽһ𣬲û
ҵĲУǽԭǱģиͨĵϺǳļ֮ˣѾССĺһûһõģӦϼҲˣᵱ꽫˼Ҹϳȥ飬ȥ˼ͣ˼ҴȥŮ˵ʲôܼ޸˼ң
ԼԷ˯ֻǵ;˵Щ˿϶ǿӦڷˣҪͽңͽӦϣ˵ˣõǽˣͽûκιϵ̯ļͥίأҾǿŽɺãһҪ޸
Ҫֱӽ߿ŹӾͳҽҪҪģ
ŵĸţˣû򹻣һҪӴУ˽ĵ죬žѾݺݵĴһΣ
˶Ȱ˵Ȱ˵ܼ޸ɣβ
Ľ翴ӣʶõ飬ǽǲǡǲǸˣ
ɫ˲òҰס
翴ӣ֪Ǳ˵ˣֱӸһƣôôҪǡһҪ
ſڴϣ޵
ˣ˵ʱʲô
ǾҺãҲԲкøеģҸտʼǾܾ˵ġ꺮ůָСԷǮûˣĵϲôʱ䣬빼˼ңͬˡ
Ǹզ£ûûýƸ£ôܺɸֵĿ


282 
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Ҳ֪ãҲ˵Ҳʣڷ飬ʲô취
֪϶ѹסֻܳ͵˵һҪ޸ɣһ飬ιȥڵϴУҴҪģμûô˵
һʱ䣬μҼɹ
ֵô󣬽СҲϢӦϣô˵ҲǸŵڣ鴫ȥŶҲã϶˵ġ
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μҿĻͬ޸ˡСҲ̲ס̾һţǸĳˣôὫŮ̵ô
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Ͼǲͬ⣬㻹Ⱥúˣ˵˵žߡ
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תͷǼԼǸţö˲𣬽Ů޹ʩһŮȢѲɻҪһҪ׾ҪŵԵģ֪겻СˣѾϺõ£μǱͲҪˣ
ɻϲ񣬡̣ҾϲһֻһμͬˣǾ͸ϿȥףϲʹѾѾѾ˵˵Ҫͬ°ɣҺ㱣֤һõģ
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ѾҵϣѣμǸ˼ңҲǸҹ㣬ǼڵӭȢһѾܲˣμڵӣ϶ҲʨӴ󿪿ڣǼ˸ˣΪʲôͬأ
Ϲ˵ǽǸûϢӣϼãҪҸϱϼѣ˵ѾиˣȻǲģϿ϶Ҳ׼òټױɵӣһմأ
ϼѾϵӣòᣬѾһҶźˣǾԲܺμҵĹŮףҲ˵ʲôҪǻȥǸ˵˵ҪȢͷϵãҪͷ˹ӣ
Ѿüϵ˼μͬӦϸžȥˣͬ⣬ѣμҵĹŮ绹¼أΪʲôͬ⣿
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Ѿϵӣ֪û취Ȱ˵ˣɻ뿪
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ѾдűģôŶϣһҵӣлָŽɿԽϹĵλԺҪ޵˼ȥˣֻǳƶ࣬Ǽ޹ȥ˿¶Ҫ˿𣬾ôţӦȥҽӡ


283 ܾԵ
ŵʱ򣬽Ѿ뽪ӻ᲻ὫȰ˵ãӵ̬Ⱥˣլ˵ʲô̬ȣǺǰһˣ
ϼҪţסվסҪȥʲô
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ȥߥȥҽӵĻѾˣڻѳȥ
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Щɻ󣬡Ϊʲôͬ⣿ΪĵȰ˵ԭ;μҲȥμ׵顣
֪ôģǲͬ⣬ǵĶӣ»ҪģȻڼһֱǸ裬ǿӲ̬ȣǶԽӱһ
ϺϵμѾͬˣǾӦ׼öȥ˰ѾСˣĲ˰
 ұ죡˵оǲУǶģ
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ʲô˵ֱӽӸϳţڴϵǣĶӴˣû취ƿļƻ
μҼһֱû̬ȣҲΪ˼ױ޼ˣҪȥأСҲԣ˵ǰǳɹףô˵Ҳ϶ȽǸطã
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֪ͽɷ֮η˾͵ĵ飬һֱ飬һ߸ȥϢ˵׵顣
Ҳ֪ˣ֪ȥϢ󽪼ǱһֱûϢ˻˵ǲǲԸףһӺֺ£òӦýռӣڲⶪˣͶܾ³
ͽ㶼ڹ£ѾСˣҲ֪ô£ǰÿζһֱɵøӺ
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η Ůӣڵʹޣϱʲô
ſҪϳȥηҲ᲻ýŮƴ˵ٵˣһҪͽҾ춨°ˣ
μҵһһΣҲһֱ󣬵Ͼǲͬ⣬ͬ⣡
ӰæӱϺʹ˴
ӷǲΪǮǵĲͬ飬ɻĿ ôõ£һֱͬ⣿
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Ѿ֪ͬΪʲôѣҪٲͬ⣬ЩµĻ˵˵ǼʲôأμǸ˼ң϶Ҳ˵кˣʱҪԻˣǸ˵ȥˡ
˭ҪˣӭȢ˵ĳȥˣ㽫ŪӣվվôģѲԼ¼ˣ
ϵĻ˵̫ˣѾɫֺ죬ͬ飬Ͳ³϶ʲô飬һ½ӣѣôҲͬ飬ǲʲô飿
ϿڿˣһôģΪ㣿㻹ɵİСȰң
Ѿ˲ʲôʲôΪҺã㲻ҪҺʹװɣ
ס졣
ѾϵĶ֤ʵĲ룬Ҫͽһɫ԰ףϵ֣Ҳͬ飡ҲҪ޸ôһҷϣ㲻Ǹ˵׼һź£Ǹ˼ңѵںŪҵ𣿡ûϻ뷨ģǽ˵ʲôϣ
Ͽôֿӣӹóһ׹һǺ񣬡϶ǺŪģʲôʱ飿Լɣ
Ѿ׹ϵ⣬׹ͽɵʲôϵ
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284 ԺҪӵ
˵ǴּҴĺӣ֮ǰ⽫ϵ·׹һֱţÿ϶ֵǮҲǽɺԭ˼ҵΨһ֤Щ֮ǰģͱ˲ˡ
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֮Ϻ֪ʱ䳤˽ϺѾҪˣȴһֱһֱ۸ӦϺӦϵĺӣĺõȫɺͽѾŽԺǸţѾǸòĹʱˣҪ˳ס
ͷ汻򻵵鳹״ԭ󣬽žӦҪּңͨ飬ԭĺ˲ûˣһֱͷ£Ǽҿ϶ᶫɽ𣬽ɻصԭļŮ޹ȥǻһĸ˼ң
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Ͱƻˣǵ¶֮󣬾˵ǼͯǴСףϵȫһǮĺҩ϶ʲôëġȰ˵
Ѿû취ܣôʱĴ磬Ҫôܽ飬Ǵ˼ҵˣôҲһֱڴˣи˼ҵĹһֻҪǮҷϣ񡭡
ϵ۾ŲƵĹ⣬㲻Ը⣿㻹ܺ˭ȥףǼڱӦǼСŪӣ˼ҺһĹýŶҪż̤ˣ߻һ˶ûأѵҸŮ˵ģ˼ҹȥ
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ѾǲԸ⣬ɺɾȫӣһ˹ϵǱ߻ˣһ˼ҪȢɲҪ뱲Ӻһ
޵ϵ̬ҲûôǿӲˣѾѶΪãǸĺӣһʱ벻ͨʱͿ ôõĻᣬøˣ
ѾΪɵܿǸһûϢˣüͥĻᣬҲͽһ
֪϶ףǽѾе׹ù߳ţȰ˵ģҲҪμǱ֪ǽǲģеĺӣԼŰ죡
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ϼǲģüͷİ˸ǰҺ˵飬ǾԲͬһҲܺһΪСѾˣ˵Ž׹ó㿴ԷǸ˼ңԺҪӵˣôִ帾һ𣿡
ɿϵ׹Щ𾪣ǲţҲţ
Ͻ׹Լҵģ㿴ŶԲһ˼ҿеģ
ɶϵ׹ǸֵǮĶɻĿϣǰô˵˵˵ҲͲƴİͽμҵĹŮˡ
֪ǸӲģҪȶ飬ϸ꿴䲻СˣҪ˵ʱμ飬Ҳû취Բżͬ⣬μҿǼңĽӭȢһ˶ҪԺҲܹˣǼڱӦѹģûзĻᣬѵƵطһӣ
ζϺӣͽӦϵӣǽСӿζ뽫һ˲ڽŵ£
ϼҡˣȰ˵϶뿼ȡԺӵİɣȢμҵĹŮһӿɾͻˣ


285 ҲпܲĻ
ܼˣζǮˣʱ׷ҲǿļҾãʱ䳤ˣҷô飬һֱߣӶˣпܴ˶ӣô˼ڲˣ
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μǱ֪һǲͬ⣬ֱܻҪҽӣ˵ǽҵĺӣ
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ӦҲɻ飬û˵֮ǰǲҪĻһֱŽɿԿ ŸСأͻȻ˵ף֪ʲôأ
μ˵лԼֱҪҪ󽪴ɺͶףӭȢ
ֱӽ˸ϳȥϺʹԼҵĺӲҪûԼͺ˯ˣкӣҪͽǼңΣ֪ĸҰ˵֣
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ĸôʱ䣬Ѿ˽⽪ˣӵӣ֪Ϊʲô鲻ģƲƲǣҪһ°ɣǴɵ£ͶӦȥˣûСûԼ˼μǱ߿żң飬˻ǻ࿴ۣҲǸˣȰȰɣӲʱҪӲ


286 ǣ
ӦϾǻɢģŽͺĸϳȥӦõطԼõӦϵĲƲߣͺһլ
ϼҲһֱӽ˶⣬ãҪ˵ȥɣҪ˿ҪЦˣ
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ǿˣֻҪǸһ죬ӦϺͽӾͲܺͺãҪԼȥӦϣ־ϹȥҪǽŮ˦ȥҪӦϴżҲͻȥԭ˼ҵʱŲڱƲ
ϵıԹʲô˵ϺͽϺԹԽԽŨңǾҪӦϺռӦϵĲƲ
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ʲôǺüͥҿͺܲȻڼҵûʲôۺãҲϳҵżҪ̤ˣ


287 ϴ
ӦŽСҵĻҲе½ôиĴ¥ҲǺܴûкӣи٣ҲǸ֣Ҫ㽫Ҳ̳Ҳû취ء
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߬ȭͷҪȥϺҪģֲû̳¼ĶѾĺһûö
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Ϻһؿڣ֪Ҫ˵ʲôҪǰ϶Ҫȥ˺Ӧϵ죬ӦѾǰӦˣǸҪһɵȶˣѾԭͿγ׺òˣҪţŴѾ


288 ˽в
һ߽ɵдϽȥ˵μ˵ͬ⣬Ͱμ˵ѾԲˣΪֻˡ
ϿӦϵӣ֪Ǵĵ ڽӻҪȥͣܽ˺ˣҧͬˡ
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Сԭļƻİ֤ףǻûһ˷ŭĴԾʹˡ
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289 ϲ
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290 
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ӦϻںԺ֪Ҫʲô
СҪӦ룬Լһǰ档
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˿˻ݣСִЩѿĹ硣
ɴ۾ⶼŪ𣿡
Сҿ棬ǣҸӣȥҲһ£æƣûʱŪ
æͷһŽСң˵ȥϷˣ㶼ȥʲôط
СҾһطһط˵
һӶ󲿷ʱ䶼ڼû취ȥôԶĵط
СҾͽÿطȤ˵˺ߵͺ̲ϵĶ
񽥽Ҳʼȥ濴
翴˵ӣ΢˵ģ˽̸˼Ҷ˵ʶ㣬СȥϷһˣû뵽ôණ
Сִʱ򾭳ȥֵطϤˣҪֻȥһλĲ֪ôϸô˵ֻҪ˵ʱҪıø
㿴ϲĸĶˣʣ˵ġСҽǵݸ
ĿŽСϵıǣǶ˵ãһССŮȥϷôļʶҼ֪֮ΪʲôҪʫףҪͽСһˣСʲ˭еġ
 㶼ɣһľơС顣
籾ѵģӦãǾ鷳Сˡ
СԸȥҪŪóԵģٿ̳þơ
η˿ŷϵĶһֱޣû뵽ôɣʲôﶼôóԣ
˵Цĳ˷
̫ûôˣСҾͺԼųȥ㡣
絣ദãҽڸһ𣬿²ӣҲС
ĺãη˺ӦҲŪͣ˱˭ĴջĻؼҡ
ſŻصҵＸϵЦݣ֪һ˿϶绹Ǳ߳˷
һţ͹˵ϣŮТԲסǣҪôԣ
η˵˲ͳˡ
ҲЩݣɫûôѿ 
ᣬǸ˼ˣ϶Ǳɺƭˣ㽫ӵϷˣϿɣҲǺɵ˽ѵԺúǼҿ϶йõһ죡
ͷţǷһ㣬Ժһܷϣҽ˽С㣬ôСˣȥϷʲôᣬҺܶϡŹֵĶء
˵Сң޲ڣһ֪ǽСȷʵҳúãʺãϾƣǴһ̳أ
ûôǷϣ˿óҪǺúȣڻŪء
ηæŵƣҪƷҪ˵ϾôŪġ
һѣ񣬡͵˵˵С㲻Ҳ˵𣿡
ûо飬ĽͻܸɣܵҲÿڼԺ˯ͺá
״Ů ˼񣬡˵ɣƵôģ
񼤶ĲУϲ˵ԽԼ֣ҲԸ֡
ƽƵķǲģһӾˣھҪȥϣƵʱҲһɡ


297 ʦ
æӦǼļˣСҸ׼һ£ҪϣС˵ˣŪҲԡ
жܿ죬Ū˺ܶϣ׼һ¡
ƽ·ʼŸɻơ
Ȼ̧ͷĴк
һ˴ûг񱻽̣ˣӣҲʼ ԶǽҵΪƷųġ
û೤ʱ䣬ľƾˣܺãһ㶼û
ҪлСӦ̫̫ˣһҪȥ˼ҵлη˿񣬹ͽСҶС˵˵磬ö֮Ů뿪ˡ
󣬵ǿŵ￴񣬺ϾƣԺУҪ˵ҧηӦϼҡ
С׾ơ
ӸճɣС˵ҪԣƷæľÿ˶˵㣬ԶԲ꣬ܲŪ׾ơ
ӿƵӣһôͽй⣬һ־ЩģСҺܴѧĶôĲɣѧģֻҪʾһͻˣƷ棬ʮָȤ
С㣬η˺Сˡ˵˵ϾŪˣСлء
Сҵͷ֪ͨˣϹȥ
СѸٽϵĹŪ꣬ʰȥǰ
ŽСҴŵţ·ӣηһ뵽ԼĶӣǺܿз뷨ǼҷչԽԽãӻǸԼҿǸϲϵġ
ӦϿϲӣ䣬СȻϻۡ
ǽС̵ĺãȵϽС㰡ô˵ţ˵ɽأ׼ֹ
ӦϿηҲǸˬģҲûţѾõģҲϲǼ׼ѾƣںɽǧĶأ׼ѡ
ηˣǧĶ ǺɽϣǧĶҲСǮģϹ磬ҪˣⶼǲСĻ
ӦϵͷǣŪѣŪѾׯη˼ҲŪѡ
η뵽Ӧạ̊́ǼҲϷμ˾Ľ ϶ԽԽãֱӷ˽СҺԼӵ뷨һĺӦϽύ
ͽС˵ˣСҲ䣬˷ܣСҴ¥飬˵ǹֲģкô
𾪵ĿԼŪ𣿡
Сҵͷ
ּԱ߻оϸĻͼɴ۾дˡ
СЦˣҲǳд˵ģõļеһطѡ
صͲϲŮˣһ˼оСҸ飬Ҫȥо磬æƣÿ춼ĳʵ
ŴȥСҴһ飬ر
СңСϲ飬ڽϿ˿˲Ҫ飬Ȿ涼СϲϡŹֵ飬ˡ
Сҷһ£ʲôûУ˵ĶС
迴ӣС϶ϲ˵ʲôУֱӾͻʮˣǸ֮õء
Сһ߿һߵͷĶ̫ȫˣʮ࣬һҲҪ򣡡
˿ΪСҪ˵ϹǮأ
˵ʲôСѾˣרĳ
ǱкܶŴû취͸ִСҸտʼʱΪʹⱾͰһ˱༭ģԽ濴Խķȫһ
ݣҪãдĺ˺һִ
СżٻؼңŸСʦ
ҲһˣСţڴڼš
ʦǸ˸ˣںڵƤ۾ž⣬䲻󣬿ҲͲʮӡ
С˷ܵĲУ޲ȥʦ
ӦǿĽӭţͿʼʦ
ʦ
ӦϵͷΪʲôҪʦأ
ԥһ£ȱǮǰҲ˽̹Щûкúѧģһ飬ǼҸǮٵ㣬ûô¶
ҵˣӦǽ϶ŵģ˸ҲҪʵϸʲô֪书һ¶׼Ǹˣֱˡ
˿
Сܿ˵ע°ʦ۲һ£Ҫ缸ãҲ
ӦϸлţҪ³ԷϽ
ӦСţ֪Ӧʱ򽯷ӲգֱʣҪǼļС֪ˣ϶ҲҪģùʲô˼


298 һ䣿
ССӶϲҲһõģҪÿڼϰĲУҪѺܶ࣬ﻹ޷䣬ҪǿôġӦûֱӾܾϴѾܾ˷Ӧ˼ҪԼֶû취ܾˡ
ӦСû˵ҪǼĺӶѧ书ͷǲһģкҪȡûôʱӦϼﶺ
صӦϺ˵飬ӦСҪһѧӦССǿҲȥ
ӦϺӦ϶ͬ⣬ӦϼѾһˣһһ䣬ԼкôԼļСӶҪ;ģбӰ˾
ùüѾиˣǼʲôûУǱ붼Һú飡ӦϺ
ӦСɫһûп 
ϵɫҲá
ûʲôӦοӣ㻹СأǺСѧϰȡһ˻Ÿһء
ӦС⣬ϵĻ֪Ҫ飬һ˵ҪСһͿ϶ȥϰ书ˡ
ҲһȰ˵һֱ˵ȡҪģӦҪСѧ书ҲòףСôĺӣ鲻ʲô书˵飬ѧʻأ
ɫã˭֪Ƽ˼ʲô֮ǰҲ˵һôѧ书ҪСԺ·˰ɡѾƶŪҲ˵ôǮҪǳֽвŵ飬˹ȥһ˵˵أڵѾûˡ
Ц˶ӣҲûôࡣ
Ծ˵֮ϵˣæԲ˵Ƽڱǰ˲٣û׼Ҳ˵ˣ
Ͽϵӣ֪ǲڻƮأҪô
ӦϺ͸˼˵Щҳ̵飬˵ϾҪƵʱˣҲ룬ʲôƣƵĲб£ǼҵģǲƼ
һӾӦϼ¾ƣϻ˵䣬һĲ˼أҵ˵ľˣʲôʱȥӻ֪ء
һ˵Ƶ飬һӦϼڸӷ硣
صҵСҡ֪ʦͽǰʶ
СҵͷͿˡ
һӲԷҪŪӵӶ˳÷ܿǰʶ
죬۾
СΣ迴˵ġ
Ҳ⣬Ƶ飬ô
ȥҪ࣬ѶĺܺãŪ˲ѾƣϾƣҲ֪ôлүæ뵽ʦȻȥʱŵưɡ
Žû뿪ͽСһȥ
СϵĶͣһ£ס
⻹ǲӭ
ûС
˵ʱ֪Сڿ飬ʱͲˣССͿʲôϡŹֵĶúѧϰ
Ҿ˿ֲ;ôŬʲôڴ鱾
һ˵ӣ黭أͲҪˣ
СҡͷôȽӹܵĻࣿ˵žߡ
ȥʲôŴС
һҪæƣүҪľȥҸɡСһͷһۡ
Сٺס͹үҪȥƷɣڴȥ
ɫãƷ
ƹæŸɻϾҪũæˣ϶ҪǷż٣֮аʮ壬ǰڿ϶ҪæһЩ
˹Ǵ󲿷ֶʶŹĴк 
һŵ۾ڸҽСҵӰôã˵ˣ
СŪ¾أںԺС˵
ƷǰԺͺԺ
ԺطǸСרŪ¾Ƶġ
֪Сȥ˺ԺҪȥԺ
Сæ
ſŽСҴΧȹӵüڸʲô
׾ƣ˶ˣԺҲҪ¾ơСһ˵Ҳʼæ
ſţԭͺȣСһôʵΧΧȹ¯Աߣϵĺ鶼ˣΪʲôҪȥŪǼҲƵĹˣ
СЦһ£ÿÿ˵ĹЩҲÿĹƳ¾ƹҲŪ
û˵ǼֻнСһ֧ˣһҪ飬ӦϺͽСŮˡ
һȥһ߿ţʲôæﲻϣֻܰŵˮݸֽ


299 ͷ
ϽСȥϴ裬ڴ˻¥ӦϡһԷȥϢˡ
ڶ峿΢紵Ҫˬڵ¶Ѿʼˡ
СҺżӶΧɽ˼ȦȥԷ
ӦѾ緹׼ˣÿ춼нСķҲ
ſŽСҴҪǿѧϰ򲻾ˣ˵ȥͺˣһŮӼҼҵģѧʲô
ӦҲһŮѧǸã뵽Ůÿη⣬ԺҪȥҪѧϰһ㣬ÿҲǶɴʦѧϰһ¡
Сҵͷãѧѧԡ
ûô¶ֱӾ͵ͷͬˣΪСǸŮӼңȽ̽СҪģҪϸ
迴ŽСҺѧϰЩʽɵü
һӦźܶƴϷǴϷƷġ
СҺӦϸŹȥӦңæŪҪϽĹơ
ӦӦ϶ȥ͹ƣСҲģͰ˵ˡ
С˶˽СһڿҲȥ
СҡͷûУûʲôÿģֻǵľ˾˵һȥʲô⣡
СͷôˣƶҪϵģ϶ʲô飬а׹ô໤أ
С̾˿ӦһӶطʹӺãûȥ濴һӳ˻̣Ҳ֪ǲǺ¡
ôһȥӦ϶Ӧʮͻزˡ
Ͽżˣ;ȻǮˣǼæ˲٣Ǽӣһļˣ⣬ĵĵĲУҲû취
Сҵûٵģڼ˸ָ±ҪӦóȥˡ
Լڼ˺ܶڵ±
ʮ֮û೤ʱ䣬Ӧ϶ӦдŻ˵Ѿɹ͵ʹˣǮҲˣѾǮ͵УܿͿԻˡ
˵û£˷
˻ӦϴźӦϺңӦ϶˵һ·϶ܺ˳󲿷ˮ·Լƻһⷢչˡ
ȥǵʱˣǱҲйƣǿһûǼҵĺá
ⲻʲô£Ժÿ˶ᣬǮҪÿ˵ıˡӦϺ˵
һ·ʲô鶼ûУԭЩɵ˳û˹ǣ׼һ
СҺӦϺںӱ߿Ūͷ
ߵĺȻʲôرĺӣˮ ҲкܳʱˣԺ߷չͷǱҪģŪҲ츣Լ
֮ǰ˵飬ӦϺֵ֧ģϷǱȶӷˣҪӦڼЩʱ䣬ʱ仹Ҫ־ƣȻ˵˼ڣǹ֮ǰĻУڻũæʱҪ޽ͷҲҪ˼๤ҪŮһ˼ȥ
ӦӦôʱϷҵĲС
Ҳ˼ҪӦڼҳʱ䣬󷽺ͶкüӣֻСһ
һ˵Ҫ޽ͷҺͺҶҪ룬˵Ҳӣôõܰװ׸Ӧҡ
СûܾЩӸã˴Ǯܿ׼һ飬Ͽ
ȷϺͷĵص㣬ͷԵľͿͷĵطЩطСѾҪС½ˡ
ԱҲû򵽶٣һǱȽƫԶĵطߣǳôӣֻôƵط
Ϊ֪飬ǰҲһƬλãǺõط̫̫֪֮㽫ؿ졣
үһԺһǷŭߵòˣôʱ䶼ʮҲûˣϾҪԼʱˣҪٲҾ˽
ԽԽǱߴߵԽԽǺؾ˼ʧһôҶҲ
үѾȥˣ֪İæţ֪ǲ治֪үȫ֪ȥֻܷҡ
һκ˵ǴˣԱǱ߾ͲˣúҪڻ飬Ӳ֪ģϾԼʱˣʵڲܵȵȥֱԼȥҺء
ʫżĲУź˵ȥӦϣСѧƣҽСҡ
С˵ʫˡ
Сæƣ˵һ㶼˵ûʱ䣡
ӦȥϢСûʱ㣬С㻹Ǹɣ
ʫһҪҳҲ˵лģҪ飬ˣ
һۣС㣬С㲻㣬㻹Ȼȥɣ˵͹ŻȥˣŲø˵أ
ʫŭڴл˵֪Сڼң˿¾Ͳڼ


300 ʫ
ɻ泳̲ס˵˵СûһСӣģôҹ󳳴еģֲ˼ҺүԸȢأ
˭˵ǴСͶǺõģøʽҲأ
ǹЦʼۺػ᲻ʫ飬ܶ˶˵ᣬȥͶģһϣظɴ˶ˣҪȢ˼
ʫҲأǶۣҽСҳģͬʱҲҪʺزǲǺͽСйϵҪȥطչ϶Ѳ˸ϵ
ŽСȫûҪԼ˼ֱӲڴ棬еŭ͸ˡ
Ѿ߿ȷʵӣȰ˵Ȼȥ
ʫһĽѾ߽ѵһͨҪߣСڲԺ󲻻ͲߣСڼã
СҲǶţûʱƵķѾȥˣԺҪƾһֱ׬ǮǲأҪ¾ƣЩ΢ȨƵĺܷܿչײģչ϶Ҫûˡ
ǰʱҪȥһϷϵĻ͸ˡ
СȻæҲݽϣὫԼ
ʫÿ춼ͷȵСˡ
СͷḶ̌չ˽
ʫѾ߿첽Сң
ڽСҵǰ
Сң϶֪ظǲҪȥطչģʹؼңʫһ˫۾ĿŽСҡ
СһδԼ֪ȴң
Сӣ㣬ظΪʲô
˵Ļʵ̲סſڱտڵˣûдСӣ𣿣
ʫһѾͷҶײֱ˭ĵӣҺͱС㶥죿
Сһѽקȥ㿪ʫ֣׼ʱֱʫһѡ
ʫԭһ¼ѾͷײҪʮ
û뵽СһͻȻһѣԭҪڴϵֱӱƷˣһûվȣֱӵ˵ϡ
ע⵽ˣʫӣЦС㲻ûСӣûӰ
С䣬ʫûûҪңҪҪÿ
ʫűײ۵ĸ첲Сӹظ磡
ֻ۾ҹСҷʡ
ʫһҭ㷢ģûйظ磡
ȷ˵ִͷ棬㳿ظĻ·ģܲ飿
ʫ˵ֻĵŽСңҷģǺؾΪСӲŻڻģ
ĵĿʫǶƭ˵ģڿĿ¶ˣ÷Ҳ϶ⱨӦģزȢ㣬˵С㹴أǺСһָͷ䲻Ϻ
СҿϵʫֱӴŴ뿪ȥͷĽ̡
Ӧ˵ӣֱӸϹСңʫ鷳
СЦһûУڿǽС㣬ôҪ۸ˣ˵žӦͷôˡ
Ӧ֮󣬾һֱϿ޽СңԼҲýСұһĺӴϻ۵òһ㣬ҲףֱӾ˵ͷ飬չԣǶЩˣͷҪǹȴôס
ŪþС
һģʦ˵ˣ϶õģֻҪǮλ֮ǰͷ϶ŪáӦ˵
ŪһͷףŪһȷʵѵһ飬ǮҲҪϣӦңҺңһƬԣļͥæóǮʱͷˣͷ۵ĵطŪһ鱮¼һ¡
˿˵нСҵš
Сҿŷӣ֪Ǻؼģ𿪣滹ǺһЩĵطرϷḶ̌˳ϵСô
Сҽŷʫߺ޵Ŀ׼ȥػš
һߺеŷ⣬̾˿϶ȮˣҪôһϻ˵
С˿ӣȰ˵үǳܳʱˣӦûȥˣǱ߻һôΪүأүߴţҲǸѽǽСҶүȫģÿдţҲ˵ʲôĵĻǺҵүߵĺܽүΪͼףүϵŪӣ͸ֵˡ


301 ٴȥϷ
ûʲôҳʱѾ˵ˣ϶ʫ飬ҲȥؼȻѾ˾ǾͿ϶ڣ
үҪڻ𣿡Сʡ
ҿǸ˲ŴģҪĶܿףǾͻȥ˰ɣزõĿ
Сˣֻүӣ
СǺһ𳤴ģҲ˵ʲôػǸʫʲôãʫҵ̣ȢôĸϻؼҸʲô
ǽСүһֱǲ䲻ȵģΪͼַˣүҲӰġ
ΪݺôΣɥѾܲˣһ˼ҶڣزЦ Ҳ֪СʲôʱܽЩ¡
ڵһѩ֮ǰģӦֿʼæ⣬׼Ǯ
С׼ȥһϷҪڼҪһ˶ţǳųģڼҵʱ䣬϶ͳٽӴ
ҪһȥϷС㣬ȥϷһʲô飬Ƕ죬ѾߣҪūźɡ
СҿӣҪԼһȥϷԸڼɻ£κܿͻ󲿷ʱ䶼·ϣ㻹ڼɣ
֣·Ͼ͸Ҫūˣʲô飬Ҫū
СɣǶԼġ
Ӧϲ֪Сҵ˼ҪǳȥҪ˸ţԸŴҪţȥôԶĵطȻҪ˸ţʹŴɡ
СҵͷҪ׳һɣϴδѾȥһˣҲšǱ˱顣
ӦϵĺͲᣬѾ˵һΣһεķӦҲûôˡ
СȰ˵ʲôʱȶˣҲȥǱ߿
ӦϺһһ˼ңȥôطʲôѾׯˣҪ˿ţСôСҪ˿ţ
ΪСѾ˻·ӦƽҪæҪţӦ϶úӲԼˡ
СӦ˵СһߺСɻôʱ䣬Ҳ֪Ǵģʶ裬ƽСӵӣҲЩ
ʰŽСͽСңӦһ
˵СҪȥϷ˶ʮӣҪæϡŹֵĶ˳æ飬Ľ㣬Ҳһȥء
СЦЦܻлģ
ͷһ뿪зģԺҲҪȥ
ҿŽСֳˣȥţʫɽСǺͺ˽ȥˡ
γ˺ܺãûзһ·¡
ӦͽСһСҺһԼһСƽˣǱ鿴
跢֣СҳƽԷˮ֮⣬ﶼûдڸˡ
ͣʱ򣬰߹ϴ̫æˣûͣߵķ羰ܲġ
Сҵϲȥ־ΣѾܶˡ
վڴͷһۿȥִľɫҪ
һ£СԵĸ֮ͣȥϿ顣
ɻĿʲôôģ
СЦһ£ʹȥʱҴģͦ˼
ҸѾˣ
СҵͷǷϻҪĶû٣ܿͿˡ
Ȿȿ֮Ҳҿɣ˵
С˼һ£ݹȥһкܶûأҪϲĻȿ¡
Ц黹Ҫ˼ʲôʱʼôˣ
СЦ£һʣºܶûء
ӹһ£ݺܷḻģ϶ղص顣
ȥʱ⿴ģϲ͸ҴˡС˵
Ǳ飬㿴꣬ҿɡһֵӡ
С˼ҰѾ˺ü飬ֱӵͷ
·ʮ˳ܿ͵˽
ϷȻǶ죬Ҳļڣһͷ䣬籱Ķ졣
ҲûˣǾƷɺæŪܵĹƣϷ档
Сҿ˿֮ǰľƣ
½˱߱УѾģȿʼƳıȽϺǺľûôϲˡ
յϢСһȻӣƽСҲ֪ģԲŻǧĶأֻѡ
СҵͷڸӵĹƸճǻᶼʱʱ䳤ˣЩŵĹƾͲܻӭˣһ˱ҲЩѣطһĹҲһʱľҲǲһġ


302 
µͷõģЩѾԸȥˣء
ھƷﲻǺæӦҲæŻȥ͸ŽСҵҲ߽
ӦǰҲϹѧãʱ䳤ˣֲɾˣ·ϽСѾ˵˲ٶµ뷨ˣӦͷҲӦѧѧԺչԼ鶼
迴˱ûʲô֮һȥ￴
ˣ˶Ǻǣֻкٵһ˵ˣʱˣһĹûط
һ£СֻطԼֻ֣Լֲ֮ȥʱǿǿף϶ˣҪׯҺôܶ࣬ͷһϵľС
ͷãȿһȽϺʣʰһ¡
ǼڸĴ۲
ÿӣСҾò̫ĵػǴ
һǣһǵ۹ͷǵϡ
СҲõĿļˣҪǸһȴԼһæ
迴ЦˣǵһԹء
һһ˵š
ʲôʡ
Сҿɽ£ǺкܴһƬأ˵û˵ģͿʰϹˡ
תҪ;¼
Сһȥɽ¿һ£˵ҪأҲˣֱӹһҪأ˵ĲУҪԷ
Ӧߴ˵ʲôʽСң˵ʲô
СҸǽ⣬˵·ǺܺãÿγȥҪ߱Ĵ·ǸӶԸ⣬ǰʱҪأǮˣͿԸ·ˣҲõ߱ĴҪɫ
Ӧͷӵ·ȷʵеߡʱüζˤ
⻹Ŵ׳˺üεġ
ò˵ǸˣѾ˷˻ҪŮһ٣˵ʲôҪ³Է
Էʱ򣬽СҿɽºкܶĹӣôڵϡ
ЩӶǶԵģû취ԣֻܵ˼һЩǹӵĶá
ٶ϶ҲᱻǲģҸ˵һ취ԳӡСҪ׳;Է֮ȥռһЩӡ
СʾҪôܳԵӱܳԵĶһ߿档
С˵ڹһҲιܳˣͿ⡣
輸ȫ˵ʲô
ʽСôģСЦһ£ҼȻķ͸˵һ°ɣǸٷĻ
һҪȥ׼⡣
Ҫϲ£⣬żãĶӾͽˡ
Сϴ̸֣ô
һҪ̣ҲѧƧĵطôǸĺ¡
СȻ˵ʲôǿӣ֪ҪһѧϰǸ
Сط֪׬ǮķҴ±֪Ȼ񶼽
СѸٽ⴦ãʾôƣô档
ߵʱ򣬴Ľ͵ڣ˻˵һȥҪȥɽϼӡ
;Ҳò࣬үĳá
СЦһ£ôãԳԿǮǾͲ˺Щ޹Сˡ
ЩСɣʡ
СûҲûϣȻбķûҪ˺СˣôСҲû⣬ƤëҲʵֺõ顣
Цһ£û˵
ڽ˼죬ߵʱСȥǸӣǵѾʼɹĻˣܶҲŪι
мĲУ˵СҪˣһ˵Ǿʹ˸ֶ
Сҿǣ˵㣬һ
ӦͽСŽСҵӣ׷Ц
СҿŴĳʳð⣬ûꡣ
迴һֱڳǸŴӣæŪʳ裬үôǲеİԻӵģ
СҴһãû£ⲻеʳ𡣡
һ˻Ϻͳûʲô𣬵˸ݣСҽϴҪȥĵ㶼ȥһ飬˺ܶɫСԡ
ӦŽСĶԽԽ࣬γɸɽˮһأ
˵Цݡ
ɸݾûкˡ
ƷľƹѧƾͲˣȥ͵صľ̺ˣеĿʼԼƹƣȻ֪ˣû취ֿƵСˣ˼ѹǣ¢ǵĹӡ


303 ո
֪Ӧǻ֮󣬸ǲĽľƹˣҪǴӱˣҺ˶Ǳˣ֪ƳǻᱻɱͷĴ æӦϴ
СʣԷʲôˣ
ӦϴɫѿܱĽܱͬиѸĽ㣬޸ͬÿ춥ܱţ۸գ֪Ǯ͸һׯʹѹǣ֪Ҳû취ҺͰ׹ӵĹѾȥ̸ͬˣԺĻǳԵҲû£Ͼͷǲ𣬵ǿ˼ҪͨԣӦϴõİ취ˣû취ı״Щй
СһҪ¢ϣ»ǻ̵ݰɣ
Ӧϴû뵽СһСӿô͸ͷҿû취̵˵˳ҲʾԳԿͬûκҪֵ˼
˼һ£ȵһܱ
ӦɫҲѿĲУ֮ǰȥ;ƵʱܱǾأ
С˵ģɻĿŰ裬Īа취
һЦݣʾȲҪżҪ֪Էĵϸ֪ôӦԡ
ôһЦСҲĻĻЩ
һ¾Ʒ˱ƵĽȡ
СҼûϢʵǵȲȥʹͽСһȥ䣬˳һܱϢ
Ҳһʴ⣬Ҳôİ취˵˵ô⡣
ϾҪˣﶼ׼˹⣬С˵ģеͿʼʵ
СҸǳŵֻҪˣȥĵطһ׷׿ʼԡ
û೤ʱ䣬ܶ˵ⶼѾˡ
طһǵϰҲһζҲһ
µ˲鲻ԶˣʲôϢûС
迴ŽСҵĵӣȰ˵үȲҪż϶Ϣġ
Сվڵߴ磬Ĳݵأʱ仹𣿡
Ҫûǻϵģׯڵһ㶼ûġ
Сǰߣȥ±߿
迴һԱߵũǺǸᣬūͣ۾̫ʹˡ
Сҿһ£Ǹ
߹ȥһƬỹ١
ŽСҵӣСЦʣҪҪ͵㳢
С֪˵ЦһۣôĸᣬǹҪ˼ҿ϶Ҳġ
˺ܳʱ䣬һСսͿкܶڴڿޣԱѾõĸᡣ
Сɻǰ
ǿģԹԵĿޣҲǡ
С˵ҪᣬŮһ߿һ˵㲻Ҫ㳢ֱӳԾͺˣҲҪڵˣ
СһһΪʲôڵҿЩܺð϶üǮ
ԭһ̶˵Ҫᣬ˵컨׹ģǾͶˣ׷˺ܶᣬǸѾˣȴ˵㻰ˣ˵ʲô鲻ã۸һѹѹǲԸ⣬˵ط̫ƫƧˣֱӲҪˡ
СһȻӣŽСΪʲôЩũԸֹԭ򣡡
ôţʸôģ˶٣еһж١
ŮһվҪ٣
Сش𣬡ȫҪ
ЩڵϿһҲˣ׷׼ĿŽСңСһ˵װ磬ǿҪƽС٣˵ĻҲе㻳ɣ˵ĻǼٵģҲǲǺŪ˵ģ
СЦһ£˵ĶģжҾҪ٣
ȻǿŽСҵҲ˽Сҵ˼ŤͷŽСүҪᶼŪ˿
Сüͷ壬С˵ۣͷ˵ǿøư
СŵĿŽСң㲻˵Цɣƣ
С֪ʲôƾʲôˣƽˮһƽİ취һŪˣ̫ˣȰ˵С㣬ȳһ¡
ǿŽСı֪Ȱ˵򣬺˲ʧ˴죬ǵĿŽСҡ
СʲôҪ򣬡Ҹճһ£ζܲŪǣƣζһãȫˣ
СŽСƶӣֽ֧СңãǾģ
Ǹո˸ᣬǰǸ˾ͲҪˣۿû취ˣСҾͳֽᶼˡ
ǵһĸмСңСֱǩԼ˶ҪǸϽʰ


304 Ƹ
˷ܵĲͰŪᡣ
͵ƷСҾȽϵ鴦ãͣĹȫƸơ
ӦϴӦŶɴ۾ⶫôأ
Ƚᴦã֭ˮŪƳǣȻƣһҲй¶ȥǴ˵꣬СҾҪǸϽ׼ҪõĶ
ţȥ׼
Ϻŷ֣ܸɵĲӦϣǽСŮޣӦϴӦȫ𾪣Ǿ˵ǰСҾƳ˹ƣƳˣǲôεģȥ׼
С̸֣Ʒôᣬ֭ˮѹեʽĻǷСüôðɣҿôĽһ£ʱʡˣ
СҲ·ôһæƤܼӲЩѾСҸǷףǵϻв˿ڡ
ҶСһ㣬һûϵҪŪԼС˵
ǶЦˣû£ǰׯڵظɻʱûøأô˿û¶
ԣǵ¾Ūǻ̵ʸû˿ˣ
ǶԼ˸ɵģǿ϶Ūǿ϶ԽԽã
һ˵һܿͽŪһ 
СҿϵĻͼôĽȡʡܴĶһ㡣
ܿŪһԣֺ˲٣׷׿޽СҴ
СǱŪôᣬȥͬ˵СǱŪơ
ͬ취ϢȻûȷеϢǾúƽƵķһģֱӽ֭ŪƾУҪȥոᣬ׼ơ
ӦϴϢС˵СһĸȥأһҲ츣˰ɡ
С˽С׼ôƸƣЦǣ
׳ҲЦˣڻȥɣ
ӦϴЦôţĵģԽͬԽţ϶ᷢһոᡣ
СҿŪĸ֭ҪŪǣװԼ뷨ŪһСֽ
¾аͬǱ߼õĸᶼˣ
أǱ٣ոᣬǾרڼƣʱͼУСһæһ˵
ô˵֪ҪŪĸƿ϶ƽĲһ
С߹׹Ӳʲô𣿡
ֻһ㣬Ƕ˵ûֵҪ飬϶нġ˵ 
С˵ģܱ϶⣬ҳ϶ҲḶۡ
СҲˣ㻹ҪԶ֣
ǵӣЦһ£ǣе黹ԳֱȽϺãǲõģһԼԼġ
СҴɻ˼ͷǰ׹Сģҵ¾ƣ
á
Ʒӱı˺ͰкزģҪ﷢չҪŰ衣
СҸ轲˸Ƶ췽Ͳͬ鷳
׼ҵСͬȻ۸ͷϣͿ϶򵥡
ⲻа׹أҲǸԸѵ˼ǮһͿǮؼҪӡС˵һԺ
Ǹʲôʱܺã
һ꣬ҪŵģѲصʱԽԽãСһش
һֱţ
СҡͷһֱŵĻͲܻȥˣȽ֭Ƴǣ˻ƣֻŪһʵһ¡˻ȥʡ£߶ָũˣļǮܶ࣬ûôʱӦڼﻹһĳʲôء
ӦϴӦСҵ뷨Ҳͬģƣй¶ȥΣգ˼Ͳйˡ
ĸᶼİƳǣֻкٵһ㱻Сóʵ飬ȻϲƵĸоǹŴķܱûִļʧʺܸߣҪһһо
ͬǱԭ¢ӦҺͰ׼ԤˮƲܾƣԾ͵͵ᣬЦԴźܳʱ䣬ʱǽŪŪƣ
һеĿͬүǺ뷨ôᣬŪôƣ϶׬һʴģôƵʱüǣʡܶǮûӦƷǣѾܳʱûǳȥˡ
ͬһ⣬ҪƵŪţҪǸ᲻˾˵еȥᣡ
ǱȽСԤҪ࣬ӦϴȥЩŻʱ򿴵ͬ˻ոᣬŪˣǸѾûˣͬ¢ˣʱǰµѾͬˣճأ·˼䣬ǶΥͬͼˡ


305 ˹
СһæһӦϴ˵ţЦһ£˽ķڶɣỹǵġ
û೤ʱ䣬ƾͳˡ
ӦϴӦƷϺҲ
Сһ£üͷˣô
СЦһ£Ҳû˵ƽĹư
Ϻһ£ζܸо̫Ծ
СҵͷҪѲصģʱԽԽúȣζܺء
Ҳһ£ζûԤĺá
ӦʮϿڣͦͼľƲһŽСҵƷҪǱľҲķǲֳ¾ˣ
СЦһ£ӾǺãȻҲ뵽òһķƣǿԣһŪˣǾǴˮζҾƣǹ̫̫ǺȵģҾƾƷˣ
ӦϴĿӦӺãʱӾ⣬ڼȻ뷨ˣ԰ɣһ ŪԻ̵ʸҲǸϡ
ô˵ţͿʼжھƷﻹкܶûƵķ棬ӦͿʼ
СһƸƣʱӦߵæŪһ¡
ӦǵһԼоԼƹƣԤһûŪɡ
һͬǱߵĸƣҲûŪɡ
ͬŭĿŹ£ô¶ģΪʲôĿŪˣ
ŵôҳǰĹƶֱϴ˽ŪȥǸ᲻һҪ֭ŪҸʵ̫ˣǶˮҲ
ͬɸֵĿŹ£˶٣
½ͷø͡
ֱͬӴһ𣿣شӵ⣡
ˣһ˶߶µĻش
ͬһûǷ
侲˾˵ƵķԣǾԣҪͬ취ȥһ¡
СǾԲὫй¶ȥġ
ͬҪҾƷľȫˣôĸỹڿⷿеǮҽȥˣŪƺݺ׬һʣûȫˣƷżʱͻȻʶԼǱ˿ˡ
ԴӰǸӦҵү֮ǲſʼƸƵģѲŪǣ˵ƣΪϹеĸᶼ
ԽԽô£ͬըˣһģ֪ʹʲôӳΪ˻̣ڻӣһҪ֪ӵ³
²̫үǵĿɽ֪ˡ
ͬһӣ֪ʲô˵㣡ûͷϣ
˵žҪǰڹµĶߵ˵Щʲô
ܿ죬˵˺ӦƳĹƣˡ
һǵسƤ飬ֱӴӦƷ¡
ǼҴǶ磬һֱûУòˣˣʱǿڿ˵ĻҲܺȣŮ϶ҪˣӾôûˣǵĹֳҪҼû˺ҵŮڻһܻܲɣҪӺ˵ĵط
ͷŭţֵܾҪȥ
ӦϴӦеľƹǶ侲㣡ҪϱΪǵĹʧȥӣǿ϶ϣҲûκ֤ݵǣҪ£ǾȥٸҪٸУ
ҪΪǵĹƣֱȥžͺˣʲô֣
Ǵȥģм䱻˭Ҳ˵ҲֱӴģƾʲô˵ǵ⣿ôǣֱ̫Сü߳ǳ⡣
ͷ˲ģҲ֪˵ɶϱǺӦϹƲģ˵ģӽҪǳ˵͸һ񣬳ҡ
һȺ˽кţֱӳ
ûſڵʱһȺٱ˭ҹ컯֮£ͳͳס֣
˻û֣ٱˣˣеļһ¶ֱڵˣڵϿŽԼϱ˹˵һ顣
ͷĹٱ˽֮Ҫȥȥ˵¡
ߺƫƧԭͲ̫ƽԴǷܶŹ飬ֹһγ˾ٸֹ˽µġ
ǸŹٱٸƤֱӹڵϣµĽ齲һ飬ӦƷΡ
иҲкȵģʲô鶼ûУƤĻǵͶģͺ͹֭һҾڸƤʱѾǿ˵ģи֮䱻ܶ˴
ֱ֪ҪƤȥúò࣬ҪäĿˣ
һ˻صƷǲɵӣͬǱߵĸƸŪˣ߾ͳ⣬Ҳ֪ͬڶԸԼ


306 Ϊϼ
ǵĹѾȥôʱˣһֱû⣬֮ǰ˵ʲô˲ܺȣôֱӹͷϣӦϴ󲻷ıԹ
СҽüͷҪݺǣ϶ֻݺһΣһΣȲˣȥ˵ǵĹʱˣҪ˲ģⲻҪǣ
ϺҲüͷҪı˵ģأ
ֻԼҵģ˼ҵĺûϵȥʱ˵ݺҪǼƣС侲Ը
ӦϴӦƷ˳ȥˡ
ܿ죬ƵĶˣе˸ˣڼﲻҺȣЩӴģ͸ģ֪ӦҺͬԹԵĸôȾôȡ
ͬûӦǱ߾ȻôݣֱͣˣҵĶˣǲˣԼĻҪأ
СҴ裬ǸƤҵס̽
һֱ˸˵ˣĹȺĵģҶӣҪûϱڻҼңǲҪɱڣ
Сһֻһµʱϱǰͺˣû£µģǾͲǹƵ⣬Ƕ֪ô£Ǿ͸Ҫ飬ܲҪĺӾôװ׵û˰ɣҪΪ֮Ҳá
һӼһСƨ֪ʲôȻҼſвң˵ǹ⺦ԼĶˣЩ̣ǵӶû취˰һҪǣк˼󺺡
ڽСǰ棬Сҡ
СҿһۣǶǹֵģ϶æԼģ׬Ǯ˵ֳҪ˳ͻԼ϶аȫ⣬ǴȥͲˣ뿪
ҪߣӦƷ˻ϣȻҪɱڣھͽץӦƷʲô˵
һֱӽ߷ڽСҵϡ
ɫͻ䣬ԣŽСȾܡ
ǵЩҪôǣû취ֻˡ
СңҪСܵ˺
ѾܳȥܳʱˣЩ˻ǲһֱںš
Сҿдָ裬ϴ
ϴ
մӼͿ͵
һһӸһӡ
Ӽûнк
ͺЩ׳׷֪ǻˣû׷
û׷ϰ֮Сһ·ܡ
˲֪ֻäĿ˳·ߣһϳģĴһΣǴһϡ
ϳĺĵѣǿԴͳ뿪
СҪϳһǮл
үһ˰ɣҪȳԵ㶫˵
һҵһҲ˹ݣ˵㡣
СҿĲˣѾˣĽкܶС̯վȳ԰ɣȥ濴
վǺͽүһ𡣡үԸģýүκʧǿɲҪԼȥ
СڽָСԣߵʱһסˣǰġ
Сҿȥǰ棬ϴŰƺۣ˸ģ˻ǲСҵĿ⣬ֱ
ȻɴСһǸоεһӽԭء
Ƿ׷׸õطһƾǲġ
һ˷ɿĴܹȥ
ˣСҲŻع
߹ǵٵģǷӦȥˣ
ԣСɻĿ裬ոֻΪǹ·ģûϸǴǲǹѥ
ɻ󣬼ͣǵһ˵Ĳһ
СһոǸͷµȷʵƽĲһģʲôܱ֪ˣ
عǶԺ𣿺˵Ļǹ͸Ͻȥ
ͷԺˣүûꡣ
Сŷ֣ϻǻûԵСأҪһȥͳϳ֮ڳϳ
صСҾҪȥǼûȥ
Сڻˣǽȥ¶ˣͷһô
ȥˣʲôûʳ׷˺ܴһȦŻ˾ǵˣ˵ߵģ֪ȥܱﻹ֪
Сɫ߲̫ƽǲҪսˣ
СҲǸͽС˵ҽȥʵʱ˵ϱĹһֱãǾ顣


307 ܱ
˼ǡСûм˵
СֱӲ룬ڻȷҼ죬˵̼һ£ӦɴˣֱӽҪץȥ
СڳһھƷúôŰɣҪȥˣȿܱ֪
ӣС֪Լ˵ʲôСͬȥˣֻܵͷҪǳȥĻͻҪţڻ֪ûУҪ
û೤ʱ䣬ʹϢ˵ǼȥܱΪʲôȥ֪
ڶһ𴲣˵ܱɱ飬µܱѾˣΡ
ҸղüĿ߾ˣܱѹ֬಻˵˽¸һЩС͢ע⵽ˣ
Сɻ󣬡ܱƷ٣ǳҲӦȥ͢ô˵ɱɱˣ
ҡͷ˵ǻģǻϵʹκ鶼ն࣡
СüǷɾͱƻˣ˿ڻ϶֪κ飬Ҫһ˿ӣ϶ҪµģҲʵҲǸˡ
ܱʲôͷСʡ
ǰĽΪֱ϶£͡
ʲôϲãͲһϲõĶûС
Ѿȥ̽Ϣˣܱˣͬû취ҫˣڿԺ˵һˡϴЦ
Сãû뵽һô졣
ӦϴӦ֪ǵļƻһһͷˮǽСǰ˵ҲҪ͹ټҴ򽻵ҪԼпɽǲģϾɽɽܡ
ֵĿԣúͰ軹ö࣬ȲϽСһСӣӦúúѧϰ̵ܱ֤ʸҲܴü飬ҪĳµĻȱ˵İ군ˡ
СƷó̳ƣܱȥɣ˵ףΡ
Ӧϴһ³Ĳܰ׾ƣ˵ܵıȸĺá
Ūôʱ䶼ûŪãû뵽һӾŪˣֲү˵ǸƵءӦ̾
Сװ˼ӣҪǸжͺˡԽʱԽһϻȥμӿƿҲӷˡ
˿ӣ׷״Ц
һͬҪˣòȢܱ˵ĹѸ㣬ۿϾͿǮˣܱȴ͢ɱˣͷˮһա
Ҫô죿ոճƣеǮҽȥˣǮûջǮҲҪȢû
߹˵ǷǱ߹ᣬ˵ͲƵģø֭ƳǵģѾѸеĸˣҲûеطãͼǻ̻Ǯ
ͬˣĿɽûˣЩ˾Ѿͷ۸ˣǲǾԺûпɽ˾ͻ첻ˣ
ǿƷһ̳һ̳ľˣҲʵûа취ȥ
ͬ뾡һа취ҵˣЩֻҪ֪ͶŲǰпɽʱĿˣڿɽû˭¶
ЩҾҪڲֿڲֿҲͬŭ
ļȰ˵ҪһֱڲֿǵǮ̲ˣЩʱѾеǮѹȥˣǾǵļҲؼһֱڲֿûеطˡ
ﲻֻһµģֱҪ˽еĸϽ
ǳļǮܸߣ˶Ըգָܶ࣬Ҽ۸Ҫǰͺܶ࣬ļǮܸߣǵǮȴ᳤ͻ
ͬǱ˵ˣֻнеĸᶼ꣬ǲŻͼۡ
ӦϴһȥͬǱ߶еĸᶼˣһӦƷһˡ
߶æŸƸǣֱװľͰ׼ȥʱһ
ΪͬĿɽѾˣʵǾˣСҾƷе˶ʼ
֪ͬˣԭͲøֱ֭ƣҪǣ
ΪʲôҪǣѵҪǴ
Ҫ֪Ĳ裬ʲô
ӦϴŸƺͲܰ׾һܱ˸
·ϵʱ轫Ʒֳ֣һ͸ܱˣһݸ˻ϵʹ
ܿͽȥˣǰӦϴ˺ܳʱ䶼ûмܱ˳
ӦϴЦˣ˾Ǻ¡
Сҵͷ׹Ҳ˵ܱǸֱˣܱûмǣԺҲҪùܶࡣ
ô˵ţӦϴͿʼΪԺ㣬ǸϽһܾƸƳȻͿʼרŪưɣͬвûˣһֱǶиա
Сͬʱ̫ˣҪȥҪڼҪˡ


308 
ӦϴӦҪǸϽʰһ¶ЩֱӴŻؼҹꡣ
С񻹸ЩӣҪæǾʹͻϽȥ
Ǹɴˣٴγǰ
Сû뵽ϵʹûߣڻֱӵǰ̲ס̧ͷϿȥ
ͷ˷·ĶСٴθоɱߣɵýס塣
˷·һ㣬ֱԽ뿪
һֱƥʧУСҲŻع ֱղŵ˺Σա
߹Ӳɵ÷ŵһүǸˣ
Сһͷֿһ뿪ķͺһȥ
һֳ飬һڻݵ飬ڽϿЩʵĶͶһ㡣
ڻؼҵӦϴӦѾˣʲôȥˡ
Ѿʰöʱ̳ǸϽɣҪٵЩʱȥ·ϻҪѩǹܶҪ·ˡ
ΪȥĶ̫ˣѡˮ·Ϸů˺ӻûнֱӿԵﻴޣôǣҪ½·Ļʱ䳤·á
ֱӹͻһֱˮ·ǼңͣڽСҸո޽ͷϡ
ϴӦŪ˺ܶණҪǴȥЩﶼǴȥҲ˿۽磡
СûоֱܾҪǽжϴ
ӦϴӦһֱӳˡ
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Сҿķ羰裬ܲͣһ£ǵһμŴĺȻ˵ִ״ȣǸһֹ񹤵Ȼ
ҪͣҪʲô
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ļкܶ࣬Ҳеһ֣ҿз㲻ǿдһ£ҵĻҲôЦſ
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磬Ҳ԰ɣСͻȻ̧ͷ
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˲ûҪȥ˼ôһֱСҷĵ׵ĺ£æصա
ȥʱ·ܸܵǵȵߡ


309 ؼ
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СɵսȭͷＫطõĴҪЩ£õͷС̫ˣ¾ƶƳģͷȴӦΪ̵ʱǲ֪һֱڻԼŬĽȴҵģΪһˣֲ˵ʲôû̫СˣͷԣЩ£²ܻȫ
ӦҲףȻвǺ͹ŮѡŮŮ˵ɵ㻯ǲ©
Ӧü˼˰죬Ȼ˵Щ¾ƶƳģǺǸһ𣬾Ͷ˵һƳİɡ
֪ӦǻˣԼģȴʲôǣǰӦȴѡԼ
ǼǮѾˣܲǼСǸ˼ңҪҫ鹵ĻأǮҸϣǼԺúõӦȰ˵
СӦϻãǾģԺ¾ƣǾԼԼģ˭Ҳ˵


310 Ӧҵ
Ӧ§§һĶ࣡ôʱ۲ۣ
½ҪǺúϢһֱߵĳˣ˵ǡ
һ·캮ضģСҴС䣬ȥ֮󣬴û˯þɫѾˣ극Ҳóˣֱ¥ĳ˸ˮ裬ڴϻ˯ȥ
Со߽䣬˸ˮ裬ϼ޷ӦϡС˵˵涼ʲôСóϸϸؼ¼Ӧø˭ҸʲôϾҪˣҪ˼͹ȥ
ֱСŻȥ˯
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¥ʱѾڿˣҲˣǰʱǶǸģ棬Ǿ͵Ժϡ
һ˵˵ЦЦС׼ó
СҺͳлҪ轫ʶͬĺѡ
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СЦŵͷӭš
Ųŷ֣кܶˣϵЦݶʱˣ漴ӦڽСҵĽ£һһ˴к
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ӦϿżӵӣϽҪ׼緹ɢ˻ˣҪȥһүǱߣϾҪˣ˵Ҫѩû취ȥˡ


311 
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СųڵӣһѾҪ½ˣԺ󣬼˾ֵܽˣҲͲٶˡ
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Ͽһۣ֪ʲôŮ;˾أΪ˸˾ʡ緹
߹ѽС§ڻһµҪϱСóǳԡ
ϼûϹҲס۾˳٣½ҵǸӰɣÿÿǰɻ½ΪʲôҪӣСӶ˻ԼҲûͳȥͳȥپǼĳӣⳤӵԺôƲҪô֣
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ﲻ֪ľͿˣҪӽ֪Լܽӽޱȡ
Сߣɵüͷ
÷ͿõӣŶ˲Ļ߹ײһ£ʾʱעһ㣬ҪﶪˣԼѾŬڰ˼ˣСѾǲˣûлᣬӦ϶Ҳûлᡣ
Ӧ￴ӽСӣﲻĺܣӦһӦϼңҪԼҵĹŮһĵӣҲ̲סתͷСķӦ
СȫӰ죬ͼ˵µ飬;һ۱ϱڻãſ˵¾Ƶ飬ƺͲܰ׾ƶǽСҳ뷨Ȼͼ˾ϻƳġ
вˬȻϴһоģΪʲô첻˵Ҫ˲˵Ϊ˸Ҫ߶Ǹж£
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ʲôû˵еϣԵӰɣ߻ҺˣǰﶼĶòǻڼҡ
СҵͷлϵСĺͳٷһ£ʣµļ˺ϡ
ϲҪ˵ѾԹˣҪСҶ˸Ͻԡ
Ӧ˺ܳʱ䣬һ¹֮ôƣϦŷӦӦûȥˡ
һԳͣ뿪
ӦϺܳʱûع񣬾ôվš
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Ӧ΢΢һ㶣漴Цˣһֱӣ϶û취СȣֻܽϣڼСˣԺ;Ҳմ⣬ʲôҪæģ϶æ
ӦϺһ߻ȥ
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312 ĵһ
ϴĿӦССˣûи˵˼ѵǴϽСҵ⣬ҪȢСˣ
ǸѾͷƬӺãòżꣿӦСˣôĲ࣬ĪҪӦСȽСҺüꣿ
ƣҲһֱµư취ϲҪӭȢһС𣿾ȢϹС㣬Ҳ۹ȢСҰɣ
Ҫ˵ʲôʱ򣬻عѾ߽ˡ
ȥôʱϻͺϿ޽СңϿϵӣΪͬӭȢСҵˣи˵ĲУȴ֪ô˵ˣСӦСȴʲôûУҪҪϼףҲõӦСгɼ֮
Ͽˣעɩʲô˼ʾͬӦСͽСҵ飿ҪϼףҲӦԼҵӦСȽϺʰôôãʲô֪մ⣡֪һֱϲŮڸϲŮСӭȢţŲʲô鶼ˣ
ȻҲǿˣʲô˵ֻÿලӦСúѧϰǰ
С͹ȥˡ
ӦϼýžûϹ󲿷ǸС˵׵ģмǸС˵ġ
ǶãûйŮԼ޹ߵĹŮ޹ȥҲմ⣡
С˵׵ģӦϻǿӴһ£һǸС˵ģֱӾͽ˸ϳȥҼҹŮǸС˵ĶǶСӣ˵ĲʣСģܿɶ˵
еһӦϲͬ⣬ֱӾת˻⣬еľͲˣȥͱԹôСŮ޶ôҪҳ˻̣ﻹеǮ˼˭ῴ㣿ںüҲ飬浱Լʲô߹أ
صСһ£үǲ˵С㣿
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СҪǰѵ̫֪ôˣ
غֹվס߰ɡ
СֻܻͷŶںӦϼҡ
Ӧ𾪵Ŀүôˣû֮ǰҾ͵һͨҵĶˣһ̸ֱ˺ܳʱ䣬Ϊء
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˵ǮģӦæҪ׼裬ӭţҪȥ֪ͨСҡ
Сǰ
ؼæվкС㣡ҪСңﻹһңΪǰֻԶĳƺɵܡ
Сҵͷү
صһֱϣܳʱ䲻С㳤˲٣ҲƯˡ
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ؼڣ˵ȥϷ϶ܼɣǰ˲١
Ӧͬģǰõ·ڴŶˡ
Ӧǳˡ˵ŻͷһתǱ߽ô
ȥĲϱߣµȥ̫Զһʲô飬ز
Ը˵ȻʧɹЦݣ˱ó˵½󣬡ǮѾˣ׬˵㣬׼ɣ˺Ļͳ˼ҵϰˡ
СѸٵ˱΢Щ𾪣ԭΪؾŪ棬û뵽ˢӣǮû٣ˣ׬˲٣
ӦϼǮֵһǧӣ˷ĵЦݣүгɣû뵽ôСôϳɡ
˽СӦ̫̫ŵΣҿҲû취ĳɼЦ˵֣Ǽó
Ӧ˼ţһʱ䣬׬ô࣬ʱ䳤ˣ϶׬ĸ࣬ò⣬ѯʵĿСҡ
Сҳ˼һ£үֻǮɣ
¶һ񣬡Сûʲô⣬Ǻ͵ص̻С׬Ĳ࣬󲿷ֶھƷˡ
ƷͲȶ֮ϰûʲôˣȻҪҵ׬Ǯķ
С˼ӦţǮóͶʡ
һ˵ļƻ
ڼ˵ݱʱ򣬴׳æĴܹ
̫̫С㣡ˣԱ˳ˣ漴ʹ˼ٵĽŲ˵Ľ


313 £
һҹ£ӦϷŭվôʱһֱǲ˳ҲˣھȻֱ£浱Ǻ۸أ׳ȥҽˣ
Сҿźأ㻹ûؼң
Ž˼žͲ׳ˣֱӻߣû뵽ǱϢôֱͨӴˣ
ӣСҾˡ
ż߹ҪүǶһ°ɣ̣رǿ֪Ҫ˵ôڮټĻأʱٻĻС
СҰһۣʱҪ˴ѣٽǹŮδδŮקʲôӣ
һʱ䲻֪˵ʲôӦߣŤͷأǺүļ£ǺүԳְɣ
ش˿ϵı鸴ӣС㣬ҶԲ㣡
С߳ſڣǺϵʲôԲģȥɡ˵ž˳ȥ
صɫѿˣֻܸһȥ
ԱҵĹֱܼվԺһҺӣ˵ˣƻһ׮£б߳үСδǲҪģϿ콫˴
ӦǰŭһĹ죡
ԣܼһ£һʱ䲻֪˵ʲôû뵽һѸ
Աһ۾ͿӦĺأһû⡭أôĵӣȻǼңԻԼӶţΪӣ͹ˣһֱˣû취ɻҪҳ̸Цϣ
˵˭ǺӣĹɾ˵ǹ¶Ůĺ۸ӦָԱıӡ
ԱһĹŮй֮޼ҵŮǼңȥģ
죡!ؿˡ
ǰ͵ӿһۣڻҵ飬Ӧ̫̫Сûϵ
ʲôûϵ˽ʱ򲻻ؼңֱӹҪģȻ˵ûϵأôô֪߳ܵĶԱǳ⡣
صȻ֪ڻĺ˺ҪʫǸø飬϶ûܣǵӣҪ˺ҪСҺӦϵˣڻǺҺҵ飬òֵ˼ҵļҽǺӦ̫̫˵ƷĿҪ˵£ֱȥң
㲻ΪʲôС˹㣬ŪҶأҾԲŹǣ
ӦȥˣٷƨԼļҵĹŮûϢ˶زס᲻ʲôϵҪΪʲôҶ֪е飬һҪٸ£ҪǳԲ˶ߣ
ԱӦϵĻ֪֪ǴΰܽСҵ飬϶ΪأߥȥϷ׬Ǯʹػڻ飡⵴ҪҳԲ˶ߣҼӳĶ㶼Ҫһ
Ǽˣ̳һĹŮΪǣȻ£ԼĹŮʲôӣԼﲻ֪ȥ˼Ҵ˼̣ݶˣǸ˼Ѿ߻Ҫ˼أûҪ˼ҹȢȥͽڱϣҿһĿ̫࣬үǵıӦأ˵ôĻӦϾ˵ȥ
Ա۷ڣ־ҪӦϣҴҪġ
ǰһץסĸ첲˦һҪﶪۣ
Ա͵ӣŭҲᣬҪǴȥ¾ͻˣôţҪӦǸˣ
үõϢ֪ˣæϹɫ˲ͱˣһȻؼңûӣⲻ˸Ͱѱ
һͿԱͺضŵӣȰ˵ֵȲҪǻȥ˵
ǸԱһ̨ףô˵ĺöӱ˻鶼ò׻˾㻹˵ʲô
ү˵ôɫѿһֺԼ˸ôĶӣŪزҪһˣֻܷȰ˵ֿأϽȥ
ͫһҪܣܽԱȰȥһֱӦϺͽСӰ죬ֻòԸĹ֣Լ黹ǻؼڣҪ˼ҿЦ
ӼңԱվվסΪŮҸֻҧݺݵص˽СҺӦһת뿪
תͷСңεӦ̫̫С㣬飬Ǹˣ


314 Ͼӹϵ
ӦûǮϲãүȴüɣǵ飬ҪҹŮҲŪȥǼҺҳʲôҲûϵ֮ûκ
ӦȻûֱ˵һʲô˼ǺؽʫĻԼͽСҲûܣɫһҧСҵɫûκα仯ɵʹӦ̫̫˼ҵ϶ɧŵСӦ̫̫Ӧϲ˵ҲԲҪκ˺Сҡ
үõĿӦϺͽСңһ뿪
ؼǰͺүһ뿪
½ǺϢϢϹÿǿӣǰӦϣûôɣ
ӦϺڳûСжԺԹ޵һû£ҿ϶ưոݣҪҵ飬ڽԼ͹ŮȥЩֲ¶ģ˵ôĻ
½˽ľ̲סʹҺͺҡ
Ϣĺܿ죬غò״ϷҶֱȥӦϼҽСң
пֵģֱͺҴſڣػˣ᲻飡
үֱӸһʫȢ
ԱȻѾõĽˣֻܽ¡
˵ʲôУǲʫ飬ǿǸõģɱ˫ۣҿǸûĺøҪҽȢŶûУҪҪһӵĻѸ
Աô˵ԼŮ޵ֱӸ˺һƣ̫ˣ
ûж㣬һƴϣʮʮصȴȻĿڡҪ˵һĶ
үҲˣʲôʹģҪӣ
һԼʲô£
Աĵͷã֣ӲŹ㣡˵ֱ뿪
үһۺأ޵ĽԱͳȥ
̫̫źغ׵ۣ㲻ϲʫҲְ˺˭Ҳûô
ز˵
үĴӣ鲻˵ģ飡
ҪȢһͲһԱһˣطʡ
ү˵ǰûǿˣԱǸпСˣ̱ô˵ǼҲǸżͥﻹʮǮԱⶨ׵ʱ򣬾ΪҪҶԺиԺ˺ӣԼרĵӣ;
û뵽ô̵ʱ䣬е鷢췭ظı仯ӦΪƳ˻̣Сҵݸﻹ˲ƣΪĸ̣۾ҲϹܿСﶼʫǿǻѾˣҪ˻飬ͬӺͽСҵ飬һӶҪ˼Цˣҽ`
̫̫ŶӺӵӣѣһ°ɡ
ʲôģҪǲȢС㣬ǻᱻһҽΪʫ飬ĿԺͽСҽ 
ߣҪڻΪԼͱûϵⱲҲҪֶһˣҪǵºҶǾҸŮˣҪңҿҸõģĵ˼ң˰ͱӣܰʲôæ
һҪǺұ˴ǣ
κ鶼ȲҵҸҪ
㡭үһûֱˤڵϡ
̫̫æأͲҪˣܻа취
ҪȺʫ飬ңȻٽСȢţ檣ԲСң𣿡Цʡ
̫̫ɴ۾ģǱ߲ܵϲǸҵĺϲǰͬΪǼ̫ ˣչҲǲԡ
ٵģǽʫӭȢţ뽫СȢӦǱ߾͹ȥ
ô˵ҲһҪŪֻҪҶϾӹϵԺǾˣҲӰҵ
үҪϾӹϵ ϲʲô˵
ϷӿҪˣæˣشȥȰ˵Э
ʫһֱڼϢ˵ػˣҶûֱȥ˽СҼң޵ĲУҪ˽СҵƤ˽СҵĽͬʱ޺ҪΪ˵۶
ԭΪһֵ¿Ժͺ¶» û뵽˵ʲôԸϾӹϵҪȢʫˣվߣ
ӣ˸Ͻ˽סʫҪȥʲô
ʫŻͷ˵


315 ѵ
̫̫һ֪Ҫʲôʱ򣬹ȥҪ˼ҿЦ
ʫݺݵ߬ȭͷſתһȦصֹѾ߸š
ֻߵߣͷóһŽСֵСˣӣӣΪ㣬ظŻ᲻ҪңҪ㣡
ѾʫʫʲôżȻʫͷСˣǲ֪ô£ǽСʲô鶼ûУչԽԽá
ʫΪ̫ˣʹȫСˣԼϣΪֱӰ˳Ѫ˲佦ֱӽڵϣ۵һǸӣǺӿ϶ǿֻҪǺӵĵطͲҪù
һӦҲһҲҪģҪҹ궼ʹ죡
СüͷҪǺҺˣǻӲù
ƾʲôҪǲùֺûϵٸҴҾʹˣַȥ潫ƼˣҲȥٳʫʱû˵Ǻصδޣ
С֪ӦϲҪʫĺˣҪʫЦԺ淢չȥʱӦϲŻͬӰ
Сһ߸ŸӦϣҪٸʹͷѪ
ӦϲɵЦһѧ˼죬浱Լ߽Ĵˣ
Сͷڽɿˣʦ˵ˣֻҪù϶Ǹ
СҲЦˣڻʲô
Сһ£ЩȻʲôᣬԺͻ˰
ĸӼ죬ڽСĵ£Ӧϵ˲١
ŵĹ˵ԹʱдˣҪȳһ¡
Ӧϳһ£ͿʼͽСҼ飬
ɣȨǺҺͬھˣҲûǮϵ
һֱûϢػҪϾӹϵϢ֪ôԱĶԱֱӽеĲ豭ˤˡ
ϦҼһæŰӣҹ߹ͣӦϵļǰʲô˵ʲô˵Ӧ˵̲סį˽ֵͨãˣСҸһ˵СͺͺüүǣһȥϷ϶ˣڻҪĹأҪס
Ӧϲըˣ۷ڡ
æȰ˵̫̫С㣡Բأūھȥ̫̫ѵǲ֪ôģ˵žͽŴ׳ʹš
ӲֿŴ׳ʹ СȰ˵ӦϲҪ
ӦһҪȥ
һͲƲ磬Ҫû취꣬ҲҪǵ˳ֱͦ忴ǡ
һ˭ֱӸ
Ϊ̫ˣǹʱ򣬷裬ҲæֱѹһڵϾʹ
ɾĽһһ˲ЩӾûƣûסĻҪܡ
跢ǵͼץ
׳ʹһһŪϣû೤ʱ䣬Ӿ͹ڵϲ˵ˡ
֣ȥðӣ⼸ӵϵҹ
˲֪Ҫʲôˣ˲ͱˡ
Ǽÿ춼ĺܸϽҹϾʰˡ
һûˣ˿
ü˼ͻȻڣǼҺɽп鱦ط
ȻΪֹз㶼Ū˺ɽµһˣ׼ȻϣǾȥŪԵģһ£
׳ʹӦľͰȥ˺ɽϡ
ùҪ󽫼ӵӸоˣصĽš
׷߹֡
һ׳ʹһͰˡ
úԶ˶ŵζ׷űӡ
Сü˵֪ΪʲôҪӦϳˡ
˿ŪǷ࣬¼ˣġ
죡һͲɾֻܸϴɾ˵ֱ꣬ŪһҨӣֱӶŵһӵ͹˽ȥƴԣʱһһ˲ 
ֵ̲סŻû¶ģƽкãڻûô񶾵ģǷʰҪӦֱӳӣǻû˼أһͷǣҪ̲סӦϡ
ӦҲθϵˮקһѽСңʾϽȥ
СʲôӦûУޱĿֳ


316 
ɫףˣѵ֮úˮǳһ£ϴɾ
轫ҨڷͰѾϴˣҪǻβãֻܼˣ
ӸŻеֱ˹ȥе˵˽̣Ƿ
жֻ̣Ǿǵ̫ˣǺúϴϴ鵽ţҲҪӵģЦ˵
׳濴ֵΧһȦһȦһҪǵļԼȡˣҪͱ뿪ȻͿ϶ڰй۲졣
Ϣܿʹȥˣ˵Ū˼ӣ˼ңӦʰķģĳ˷࣬еĺùˡ
ԱŻ˵Ļ
Ҫʱ򣬲˽ǼӴߣ
׳ͼ˽Ƭطʰһ£ݺõĻ赹Ǹطڸǳζ
ӦϺͽСҵ˿Ӱ죬ĺͼ˹ꡣ
ζµһˡ
˰˰ꡣ
ӦϽ׼õóȥʰø˯ˡ
һʱ˸ˣַǷ
ʱӦûʲôƻϼ˻ҵӣ׼ȥӦϺҡ
ＸľȥӦϺңΪǹ꣬Χ֣СӲ֪ôˣ˷Ҫߣ
ӦϴӦϷ٣СͱӦϺǱߣ˵˵ЦЦ
￴Ǳȫˣһ۶ݳޣʮֲģһߵӦӦϺͽС֮û뿪ˣ˵ĻĲУѾϵýţҪ˵£ܿҪ޳ȥˣޣ
żĲУֱֲܽӱҪǽСҲϲͺˣͲùôˡ
Ҫ޸ˣͬ⣡ŲҪͲϲһӣҪ޸СֻҪŬһ£Сˣǿģʱ䳤ˣС϶ܸܵĺá
Сע⵽ߣɵüͷ
ûֽСҵĿ⣬ЦŹͽС˵˵ǰʱæҾûȥ㣬ȥһϷûʲô飿ʵ÷ﲻͬȥӦǱߣʲôڣ÷ﶼ
СЦһ£ȥ˾һֱˣûʲô¶
Ծûһеû˵˺ܳʱ䣬
Ӧ￴ŷӣҲһҪͽС˵ǽСҺʲô⣬ֱŽСҵ֣ȥԼֹ
СԭǲȥģӦֻ֣ܸһӦķ䡣
ҿϷûĻĻģ㿴ôӦϡ
Сҿһ£
Ӧ㻭Ĳһէһ续ġ˵ҪСҪջһ¡
Сü׹ӵĲõģʱҸͰ׹ҪôܿӦ˼
һߣСλƵվǺȶˡ
Ҫ÷СŪѾɿĳȥ
Слû೤ʱ䣬;θܵǲ̫ȳȥ͸͸
ǵһκȶˣӦϺͽ֮ǼģҲҪţⲻ˺ȾƣǰǺȵѾһͺˣûйôķӦ
ϾҪ³ˣС첽éԵĶȫ³ˡ
һһΣ£֭ˡ
ʱо󱳶һֻ֡
С𾪵Ļͷͷַ˿Ŀַĺϣһƿ
û뵽СķӦô۾дˮС硭
ԹעΪû뵽ô֪߳ܣзŭ͵ԼȵѾǰû¹
ôţٴϮһΡ
нŲпСܣǰһסĸ첲
ģǽСôˣܸжҲĽƿͲôˣʱҪС
СƿǲǻҪ·˹׼ʱȥһ޶ϵ
ﶯһҡֻϲ㣡
Сöģһ˰ĿҪҰ㣡
һʱ޴룬۾гˮѾˣС̬ԾǲϲҪ϶ͻæ뿪Ҫ׵ʧȥСˣҧȥϵ·
СҪֲ֪߳ܵķŭˣҪȥȴĵĸо


317 Ѿ
ʱһӰɿĹһƴ˷ĺϣιȥ
קֱӽ˷ϡ
СŵĿ衣
عūСͷţԾү뿪ɣ˵žȥ
ոյľٶҪһȥϷʱֱӽŪӱȻûǸأ˷ϣе̫˼ˡ
뵽ɵ͵͵衣
СĽкѾ˳ˣȳģǲϡ
ΪݵģӦϳ˴ŴϳֻһӶˣһžͼСɫ԰ף߹
ϵһ£ûзӰҡ
ǸūţһˣǿС ӣʲôû룬Ӧ϶Сȵô࣬ҪӦСʰһ£ŽСȥϢ
Ȳˣһܣȥ￴ȷѾ⡣
С߹ǲ
ӦҲ߹ȥаɡ
СͷҪȥмҡ
ӦСæǰûء
СɿʾøţСҸҾУҾǺȶˣû¡
˵мңͷû̧ѾȺһ롣
ǵӽʱȳһ̲ĲоſڷһѾ
С߽ҾǺѾһֱŻ¡
̧ͷ˵ѾǴҩҪȥԡ
£С˳ԷͺѾôʳµĶСҲɻ
СֱܵмҺҩû೤ʱͺõĲˡ
֮迴ŽСɻӣС˵һ龭
˶æû˹ķȥԺ￴һȦһȦûзӣõԤС
÷Ҳɻ󣬡ղųԷʱ򻹺úõģǲǳԶˣȥˣ
ϸżˣѾˣûУҸ÷˵ʵ
÷һ۾ͿԾСӣ˽ǲʲô
Ͽ÷һ۾ͿˣֻܽȥҽС˵ˣСȴûټӰӡ
÷ϲﻹСز£ôҲô಻壿Ҫ鱻֪ˣҪҪˣ
ϼ˵ôܲˣãôϲǸС㻹Ǹʬ㾹Ȼﵣ
÷ˣôʱ䣬˼ҽСûǸ˼Ǿ˼ң޵˼ҼȥԺҲûӣ
ϻǵķ£ʱԽӽģһʧ
÷ҪϵţС϶ԷôǷöˣڽﲻҼء
ϻǵģӺ·ûеóѣ顣
߹ޱ˵ԹڷأǵŰɣһͻˡ
÷￴ӣö˵ĲУϻۡ
˻أʱ򼸸沵Ҳˡ
СҪ˯ˣ˯ֵ
СȵĲ٣Ӧֱӵǣؼˡ
ҪҲȥܻܵٶӦϺú̸һ£ϸʾ뿪ֻܵҲ뿪ˡ
ϵˣϵ˺ϵҲ뿪ˡ
ϿǶˣæȥҷ
ڷϣΪ飬ֳ֪Ҫôȥʱ򣬿˲ϡ
ҲҾˣֻܹŷݺݵˤڵϣίˣڲϵĻ
Ҳ̲סᡣ
÷￴ŷﲻӣ޲ôһͨͻȥɣ
ᣬصĲ𣿺Ҹ㶪Ϊʲôң
ԹԼ÷Ҳ޵ĲУҪǲҪͼҿ¸ʲô³
뵽С񣬺ͶֱĶ뵽ԺҲûˣ̲סֿ
Ӧҵˣʷʲô÷Цһ£˵Ǻȶˣȥ
ҲЦˣҵܾܵ;ȶأֳӣ
û£Ӧɻص˵˵ЦЦ
ӦϺϴЦֻǲǷĵ׵Цû꣬ӦҲߵô죬ȻȾˣǶǹƣҲôôţһ÷
÷ߣȥӦϺ񣬲ɵúһϡ
Сصڴ˺ܳʱ䣬Żָ˵
ӦҪ࣬Ū˵ɿڵ̲ˣСԡ
ӦϿ۵ĲУԺоͱǿԼģ㿴ܲܣ


318 ͬҲҪ
ԼҾƵģô֪ܲȾƺȶ˶Ļ
СϢһ죬Żָˡ
ӦϺϵļ̫̫ԼҪһ£ӦǱҲҪ
ӦϴӦûڼңֻӦϺͺϴŽʣµ˹
ûиţ˵ܡ
ӦϽнС½Сһ档
Ӧ￴ŽСңҪһ½СŻ²ֹǲǺͷйϵ
СҲӦᵫǼǿ˵ʱʷΪʲôû
Ӧ֪СҴǾýСһǸСӣΪ֪С˼ۼѾһԼҹŮˣ϶Ҫ˵ǹѸڸ˵ء
÷ȷ٣Ӧϵ࣬ȿʼƭˣǻ˼ңû꣬˾ˣ÷ͳ˹Ѹ÷ͷĵ﷢⣬ͽŮи˲ϺͲϺ
СҵͷֱӿڣڶݣûбҪҪףɢȽϺãѾĿˣߵġ
ӦϵЦһɵսȭͷõĺɰ׼һСġ
СҴӦʱͼеĺɰˣװ֪ӣҸ˵ˣ궼ῼǽ飬ҪѧϰܼϿȢһС㣬ԺвСİ
ӦѾʮˣ϶ٵȣҲ飬ҪͽСһ𣬳Ƕˣٵ
ܼˣǡ϶ҪҸϲġ
Ҹƺ«ôܻϲˣǼô࣬ҲûǸ˼г˼ѧõ飬һ˶Ҫļ飬ʱˮɣҲҵһǵϱġСһ˵һ߿ӦķӦѾ˵ôˣӦҲӦ÷ˡ
Ӧﶼ֪Լʲô飬˵Ķԡ
С˵Ҫȥһ£ռԼת뿪
ӦﲻҪѹɰͳȥ³᲻ͷһ⵽С
һƣһֱӦС˵ףѵĿϽСˣСӦС϶ҲҪиŶԣҪӦôܻὫôĹŮ޹
ϸûпϽСңҪӿϹԺȢһС㣬һҪŵڵģǽСңȻôϲƣͷԴ͸ϵĺȢˣҲӦˣΪӦЧӦСҲ㽪Сҵĸ
ϿϵӣͲ׼ϵ˼ɺСϵôãֵܣ׻סţ϶һ׵úܣ
ӦСסʱ仹ȴ˵û˵
ûôֻ࣬ڽСҳϢˣŻǴѹǿãСҸϣϻ۸ͷʺӦϴǸģм̳мҵʱ
ҪԷʱӦƽ߳˵ܵܵ飬˵˽СңϵĿģܡ
Ӧϲ˵Ů飬ϱǸ¶ģ˵ôࡣ
ţת˻⡣
ӣ˵ӦȥԷ
Ӧһϵ̫̫׼һ½õļ̫̫ﶼѾ׼˿Ķ
ӦϺͺ˵˵еûģŴ뿪
ˣӦϾͿʼ׼ȥš
˼ţõļ̫̫дҪȥӡ
⻹һνѣСҲæ
ʱ䣬Ǿ͹ˣμҵη˺Ҳˡ
η˺񣬼̫̫ӦϽˣҲû˵ʲôμҲ˵ʶ񣬷׷ϧôõĺӱļ̣ˡ
ĺÿ˿ȥȣǰһҲų󷽵ĺǴк̫̫ҲЦŵͷ
η˼û˼еĲȶʵǾģ֪ӦӦý
Сһд̫̫ĹŮˣЦŽнȥ
˶ʶֻǸ죬һǵһΡ
Сҽ׼õóָÿˡ
һμأǮҽĿš
СЦһ£󲿷ֵֶԲģĶǱ˴ĥġ˵ţǿ
ǮҺȻŽС˵ָ顣
û೤ʱ䣬ǮҺȻͷֽСȻͲ󣬵֪Ķܶ࣬˵Ҫ˾Ȥɵ뵽ԱҵʫĿԣȷҪͽСҽѵģ˵ʱҪСȥԼļ͡


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ǮҵļϱߣҺܽ
СҴŴǮҼҡ
Ǯſڵˡ
Ǯҵˣ¶Ǯҵĵڰţ֪ǮҪˣҲûоܾеĶ׼á
СҸŽԺǮҵСԺ棬߻סı㣬ǮҵֶŮ
˴кһ𣬿ʼ˵˵ЦЦһˣ
СȻϴﶼȥ⻹Ŵ֮󣬵һκͬ˽ʡ
ȻǰҪڶ̶̵ʱѾҲᣬСҵ·ʣţͬЩŮԱȵģǽСûʲôӣܿͺͬ˵һȥˡ
緹һСҪӶӣ˵ѾˣڿԹȥ棬ǶȥҪȻûʱˣļ컹Ҫдݡ
˳¼ңѾ׼ˣĲˮһֱСҲŴŴ뿪
СҵһγȥСܲģųٺͽСһ½ľ¥ţСҴӶ˴Ǳ߹æӭȥ
Сҽͬ˼ĵķָ˼ҡ
ʫϾһֱżʼղһ˳ŻиӣݺݵĵϵذףĶš
ҲҪСȥ棬ηӦҲһȥ
ڶ·μҴ壬ļ
η˺Ѿ˹æЦŽӭš
˿Ǻгӣ׷Ľû뵽żûкϽҽףȴӦϽˣǼҽã϶ܵõƵ·ʱμľƿ϶Ҫƽ˵ĺúܶࡣ
ΪʱҺͺҶףͷ飬½Сʮܳ˵Сżͣ˸żҴţСҵӡ
Сƽʱ󲿷ʱ䶼ڼȥϷƷ˵ǳŵĻҲǰ̯ʱˡ
˿Сҵӳȥ̲סǽСǴͥģһСӡǰСҵʱǸŴֲ·΢еĴá
һӲˣҲãǰӶˣС׾ʸ߹ٲȻһиСӡ
СңεĿŽСҡ
СЦһʾûйϵ
ֲǼˣֻǴûмĺˡ
żȻûж฻ԣȴҲǴﲻģǸżͥҵҲУܴŽСȥιԼķ䡣
СһžͿķ͵ֲһϳӣܿϲʮֱ
˵ʱĳɾͣϲһʱͽСҽ̸˵Ƶ飬ҿɽҰӲ٣Ȼ֪֣ûжԳԣЩҰӣƣζ϶Ҳ˵׼Ǹصķζ
СҵͷˮϵһĹӦҲ
ɴ۾ӲһǲǳԹˣ
ǰԹõĹƲһҲ֪ҰƣǳĿζôСʵ˵
ûгԳɹЩʧǻһԾƣŽСȥƷ
ĹѾˣֻһСֻڲֿ
СҿһĹƣҪȥŪһɾͲưһıͲҡҡȥ
񿴵ĽСҵӣϡ棬ͬʱɻСǴŪôϡŹֵķӡ
һߣη˺ĵܷܵ߹ĵ̲ס
ӦѾֲˣεЦЦƽϲڼϹоŪõĹƷǵŪһŪòĵģѺȵҪ
ηЦſޣзǺõģֻ뷨ܲϵƳµĹƣֲǶ˵Сأ
û೤ʱ䣬ƾ͵Ƴˡ
СҸÿ˶Ū˵㣬Ҫǳ
С¾ƣԼҵľƷæ߹СҾ͸ҲŪ˵㡣
΢һ㣬۾˲ˣúȣƽĹƸӴ񣬵ǲ壡
СǷִļβģȻִһľƣŪζ
η˳һ£һֱޡ
ӦϿĵܵһֱںȣºȳëȻã̰ǻСܶȡ
ηæеľƱùȴ˵ʱֽƱˡ
һ£ҪСҸ˵һôŪģܺúȡ
СЦŽ̸ûѣǽƻһ𣬾ҪʲôͿԼϲãӶ˼˳ľƶǲһζ


320 Ҫ˵
ͷʵҪԼ뷨ҲҪԼ룡
˵˰죬ʱӦнСҲŷ̫Ѿɽˡ
ҪССҾܾˣ˵ﻹкܶ
ϴʧðɣǵʱȥ㣬Ǽо
ſӦϵ뿪̾СȻ䲻󣬵۹ܳԶ
ηҲͷһ˶һˣڶŮһҲȤÿھƷпյʱſ飡
Сҵ鷿ϵ鳹׽ˣ˵ĻҪӾҪ飬ǼСÿ춼飬鷿ѾкüˣлкܶС㶼˺ܶˡ
ֿһֱߵĶӡ
ηһ۾ŵ˼̾˿ǸʲϣİɡȻӵҲԼļӦϵļƸ̫ԶˣӦϵĽ̸УܸоӦ϶Ůʮֱ϶Ҹͨ˼Ҽˡ
һĶȥˣܳɵֻһҡη˿Ӧȥķ򣬽СôС;ͿʼӦ꣬ȹ꣬С˸õĹ߷չɾӦϷչĿ϶ãʱҪȢСҵ˿϶࣬ҼҪףҲ˼ˡ
ӦϺͽСһصңϢ˴Ż
ϾʮˣҪ׼Ԫˡ
СŪ˸ϵԪоĵģ٣ﲻÿ˵㡣
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ԪڵʱӦ궼û˵ҪȥϿƣֻӦСżСˡ
СұǮ룬һڹϿ
ûжԶ˳Ԫϡ
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˵ţѧõͬѧǣ͹к
С裬ͷʾῴýСңŽСһ˹š
Ҫһ𣬲ӦСһ棬˻ƾǻƣûʲôġ
СҲҪһȥӦСͽǱ߶ŮޣȥʲôǸŸȥ棬ҪǼԼȥҲУ
С֪ӦС˵еҪŽСңȥҸɣҺͳȥǱ棡ҪڽСߣΪ̫ˡ
Ȼ׽С˼ûκ飬뿪˵֮ڽС
ӦСҲҪһ𣬵ǿӦС岻ȥһֱӦСߣֻһˡ
Ц֣ҪСҸϽȥ
СһӦͷ裬һ˹š
ͷ ֮Ͽķ羰˵ҪȥǰϿûľͷˣ߶ء
Ͽˣ£һһ߹䡣
һʫ۾һֱڽСҵϣнһذס
Ϊʫ϶ٲû뵽ܳʱȥʫҲûг֣룬͵ʶʲôæС˴һߣ
СɻĿүʲôˣ⡭
ھҪȥʫ㣡ɺ۾˵дźͲ
Сæںغ߳š
ү˵سȥʱѾ˺ܳʱˣ˵ҪȥʫΪȥͽС˽ˣİϲֻܻӻ֣˰ˣǸҪ鷿ң
ʫһֱڽС󣬼ʼˣǲж޵ҧ
Сŵʱ򣬽ѾͻȻˣڽСҵǰСңе㡣
СǰάСңѾҪʲôҽԶһ㣡
ŮһǽѾǺͽСҽȻ֪СҲˣҲ˵˽Ѿĺ߱ĸ飬׷׾ĿŽСңʲô˺Сҵ顣
Ǯ˽Сһѣʾ⽪С뿪Ҫ˾
СҪߵʱ Ѿͺһǹʫģȷ
Сһܺ˵ʲô飿Ѿ϶ǴģҪ϶ԼӦȥӦСǰװŶԡ
ΪãѾ˵


321 һ
СҶһŤͷļŮޣȥҪ˵ʲô
СŲȥʲôͺ˵ɣҽ㲻ߣѧ书ԸѾ϶û⡣
Сͷû¡
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ظϹͿŽСߣٵĵطߣæС㡣
Ѿʲôû˵أͿعˣ˵үڻԼʲô
һ֪ˣЩĺʱô˵ã
Ѿҧ
һʫӷŭһֱӱˡ
ؾҪͺүϾӹϵҲ飬ڻԼأҽСǸӣˣĽļգ
ɿĳеĵź⣬ΪŭѾˣҽҪŪҪļˣСң
۾ֱŽСҳһҪһ½Сء
Сͫһ
ͷʫذ׳һѽСһߡ
ָմĽСңŭһס֣ͬʱ˽Сǰ
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ذ״Ѫ˲佦
ȴȵѪʫһѾˣȻعʱŷǰĲǽСңҪ޵ĺأɴ۾
鷢̫˭ûзӦ
ѾҲˣʫҪɱ˺أ
С˾ֵĽţү
߿
ʫɿ֣ϵѪ
òںصĶϣ³һѪŽСҵķ򵹹ȥһڣ˵ϡ
С촽΢ţҲŵˣֱֱؿźصǰ
Скˣ˰ȾҼү
ǿŻˣ˰æ̧ˣȥУСæؼңȥ֪ͨү
ү鷿ȻӲ㣡
С˾ֵĹںүǰţүȥɣүүˣ
ܳʲô飬ǲȥǸҪĽҺĻˣ
СҡͷǣС㣬Сүһүιȥˣ
үһҪС˴ȥ
ѾŪҽڿ
ʫҲŪ˹۾նѪ
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߳ϴųصı飬үһ̫󣬿˼࣬￴˰ֻǸСУͷʹȵĿԣΣ˰
һߣ˽
үĿ򣬡һҪȾҶӰ
Ųϵĺأ̲סüֻܾˣ
Ա̫̫ϢæϹǰӣɫѿ
үǹǸ˦һԲĵĽ
һѾҪҵĻˣ߻ûӿеδȴһͱ
ʫĸˣûҪɱظ磡ҪŪǸӣظ磬ظŻ᲻ҪңҪףŪڱ˳ЦҪɱǽСңǳظ簡
ʫ죬§ڻҪ˵ˡ
Ѫζ̲סĸŻ
СϢæϹص𾪣Ťͷ裬ôˣ
ץŽСҡ
񣬵һһߵĽѾС㣬˵ҪС˵˵ǹСģսСһٵĵطСʹӰŵӳˣūСû뵽үСǰֱֱСһӣ
Ѿ۾дᣬƨֻҪС˵ǧҪңҲҪͺر־룬Ҫҿ϶Ը㶼Ǻ˵˵ģ
СŭĿѾԼЩ飬жһھȻк˵˼
ǵģΪСҺãҲ֪ʫڰһûС˵үʹ˹ˣȻʫͳˣѾһ˵һ߿ίĿӦС
ӦСҧüͷ壬Сһߣκ鶼ûУСҺˣ
ˣСۿСûΪˣûнСľСңûˣڸɱ˵ʵ
ӦС忴ӦСֵĺޣҪվĽǶ˵Ҳ̫Ծˣƫ˰
ʫͽѾһɱ˵ɣ羹Ȼ˵Ļ


322 
һӦС߷ڽѾϡ
Ѿԭձٵ񣬾͸оӼϴûݺСң
СʫǰǲͽѾһ𣬼ƻҪɱã
Ѿʫȷʵҹ
ʫԭͷŭ˼㣬ڻɱˣѾˣʲôҲ֪ˣֻǴؿԼѪ֡
ԭԪڵƻᣬʮĶ￴ƻᣬû೤ʱ䣬ǾͶ֪ˡ
𾪣ԱҵС㣬Ȼıɱûɱ˽Сңǲ㽫Ūºҿ϶ҽˣҵĶӶҪûˣ
еĵӱγѲûΣա
үѾ֪ͨ˼Ҫ̫̫֪º̫̫ܲôͺ͹δһȻϢҽҵĹӰѿ̰Ҫô
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СǰŭץԱڡ
ԱԭͲߣ廹һӣ˵ɾ㣬Ҫٲ֪ڸģһҪǺÿҪΪǹ¶ĸͺ۸
ԱţɿһδɵĳСӣȻҺҶ֣
СֱסĲӡ
ԱǺ͹ĴС֡
Сڵϣֱۣɿ֣ЦһҲúõﰡӦò׷Ұɡ
ԱڴŴ㣡
СҪŪԼЩ˾ȻûһԼ
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Ѿվڽͣǻȥֻܸһӣ·Ǳˣĺܡ
ӦС̲סһֱͷ۲ѡ
½ľ¥½Ҫ˵㷹ǳԣ̫ˣСС͵Ů޾Ȼһ׷Źϳͣ˵ʲôʱ򻹻ˣ
ӦСţｪѾ˵ǾͲþˣСһûУǸؿҪˣҿ϶ŹңǾͺã
Сһۣ˵ҿǹϣһ˼ƫ̻Ѿ
ֱӽͱˣǷ׷׿ӦС
ӦС飬ϽȻͣȥɣҿܲͳʲôã˵뿪ˡ
ӦСһ磬ȥɻĻͷǣΪСҵƫ̻Ѿأ
СҺͼŮһߡ
ǮСңôŵһˣ˰
СӲһЦݣʱѾˣǵ϶ˣȻȥɡ
˵ͷҪСһȥʱǧСģ뿪
½׼óͻȥǾͷİɣһῴãҪʲôϢһһʱ֪ͨǡ
ӦСӦСһȦҲûӦСԼȥˡ
С˵Ļ˼
Сû˵ʲôһ˳
˻ؼ˵˽飬ӦϾһ亹˵ʲôҲҪǳȥҪֻҪóž͵ţ
СҿӦϵĵӣǰοʲô¶ûУĻǵеģöôҪ˺ˣŵʱذףִʱ򾭳ϰȭҪ˵
ӦϲҵĶĺҪǺˣ͵عѰɡȡõɱԼδ򣬿Ҳû˸Ȣˡ
С̾Ҳ֪ʲô
Ӧһѣ鲻ңʲôҲȥҵ鷳
һ˵ţ۾С𣬡СôˣôŻҪˣӦСûʣСأ
ӦС彫˵һ飬ӦСøһͣͽСԼ뿪ˡ


323 ƽ
ӦҲӦСȻƫһˡ
һߣӦСͽѾû˵Ϫ˽ᡣ
ѾӼӦСһֱӦСĻ˵ԼǱԩģûҪСҡ
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ѾоӦСԼĺһûһµţ۾˸ž⣬ӦСԼġ
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󲿷ʱ䶼ǽѾ˵ԼίӦСο
Ѿ̧ͷӦС˿С磬ҲؼңָҪô˵أүү϶ҵģֻһ𣡡ӦСǰֱ˵үү
ӦСѾˣŮ֮ˣϽѾĻŤŤҲʼҲһ𣡴Ѿңҿ϶Ȣ㣡
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ӦСһۣбҪ˵
أ
ͳȥСӦСӦСעⰲȫҲûӦС
ӦС忴ӦС磬Ϊʲôƫ̻Ѿǲ˺ùõ飿˭ܿʫõģҪŪСң
ӦСۿܿɶ
ӦСȥҪٺۡ
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ҽСҲʫ飬ףҲ׷
С֪ñǣУ𣬵ҲԸҪģ
ҪƽִҲÿ
С˼֮ͬү˵ģ׷ΣͬʱԺ鶼ҪԼﳶϹϵǲܽСҳ
ү׽С˵ģںˣӦҲῼǼˣֻܵͷһؼҡ
ѾѹˣףҲ˲϶ϵʹЦͣ
̫̫źصӣֹסĵᣬ˵ҪˣҪûˣɵˡ
ү̫̫үһߣҪүҪ˵ģӺúˣѾˣӵ˼
үɣԺ鶼Ҫң
ܲʫһԼÿŴСҵСˣһŽС
Ƕۣܶ࿴Цģڿˣ̱ĴСȢţﱣҪɹأԺ˭Ȣ
в˵ҿȥӦϼףҲ˵Ӧϲͬ⣬Ͼǰ滹а׹ӺүôѡҲѡء
ϵȲˣæ׻½СĻͺһ𣬱ϾСҵһ½СһԺֺºϴϽСҺӦС˴󷿣


324 ӦСٿ
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СʲôС ϽȰ˵ֻп˹ͺ˵ȢСҵ顣
ӦСҧ˭ҲҪһҪȢѾ
գ۵˴Եʱ
طѧӱڴſ ;ҫ鹡
ӦСѾ괺ˣһ̶ϤˣϻǵģҪӦȥ
ӦСͳţÿѰǵˣڴһҪС
һߣСżٻؼңӦæѵء
ǧĶػҪ٣ȥʱѾŪĲˣ־һʱ䣬ŪĲˡ
СŪ磬ȫůᵽ
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СæеĻжŪپУʣµĻ꣡ûȫŪãھͻ˲Ǯˣ⻹ǰԼµӣԼĹ硣
Щؿž˷ˣǿŪġ顣
С̧ͷһۿյأ˼ֹϣ
ͷԣڻķţֻܳӲݣؾͷˣǿŪʣԺǼϾƣϡ
ŪϹƲСС˵
ǿҴֹϵغʲʣǼµĶǺӣ϶
Сͬ⣬˿ˣũ˵ֹϣǿ϶Ĳ࣬һҪϣأԺѡ
ůɳĺܿ죬ϺܿҲˡ
ŪѾŪϣÿ춼вٹǮһЦĺϲ£졣
Сҹ˵ʱѡĶǺ˼ңѡ˶ʮԺŹѺϡ
ǿӦÿæӣʼۡ
Ӧһ֣ǧĶ ǿɲСƣϷҲоƷô飬û㹻ļҵ׿϶ۿǼҴӸծۣҲᣬӦȻạ̊́ȴûôǮ
ӦȻÿ궼ŪƣǮҪƷҪԼˣҪӣҲһأרֹӣǺʵĵطңǮҲ
СֱóôǮΪǮάƷһлǴµʱ򣬰һӣֹȫ⡣
ӦϺÿ쳢ƣŪۿžȥˣסˣϺϱԹʱʱ˵Ĺƣ˶ûϢһæŪѵأѹǶˣŪôһأǻǻأǮò
ӦСܵһԸӵģҪ̤ʵ
ƼһһӣһѸżӣÿò֪ǵļ˵ϾͲӦҲûٺҡ׼飬Ӧ¶ҶæӦǱˣϸȥæƼиùŮ
Ͽһֱû˵ʣʲô
ϴЦôо¾ƣȻӺãҲܲоҪŪ¾ƣǻ̵λá
ϵͱˣѹ˼ǴƼҪ̣
Ͽһۣҵ˼Ҫо¾ƣ˵ƼǱоһǾѧһȻÿθ;ƣҪӴƼǱŪ
Ϻ϶ʼ˼
ãҿһĶƫ̻Ƽȥˣʲôоѧǻѧأüϣ
ϼ˻εҡͷùƺǼҵěӾһ𣿡
˳Ĭϲ˵ȥ
ףʱƣǽСŪģƾɣؾƻ˼ʮӵծչġ
ӦϺֲиоƣŪĺͽСҵĲ˺ܶ࣬Сһ˵ûĸƲ̫ɹأ
ӦСӦСӦϺʣùǱôˣ
ѾˣʩʽˮˣӦС˵ 
ӦСҲˣȥۻˣȴûǰôɥʲô˵ֻ˵Ҫ
ϸÿ춼˯ˣ޲õڶһ۾Ϳ
ˣ϶͵ˡӦϺ
ӦСͷȰ˵ϣ˵˵ģ֪ҿ˹ʹӦһ


325 о
ϿŶӵӣ֪ϲСңûⷽ룬˵ģֻҪܿУҪ˵һ˵ʹӦ
ӦС˻ˣϵı֤ˣͿԺͼ˵ȥ׵ˣֻһҪ˵һҪ
ϿӦСӣЦ˵죬Сòд˰ɣ
ӣԭΪ˲ҪСҹϱűŶһҪúö飬ȢС㣬ôһ˵׹ѾСˣⷽ϶뷨ˣ
ô˼ţɺ飬ֵ˾֪æѣСһֱǸصģĺ˵һɣҪȺͼ˵һ
ӦСҡͷǡ
˵϶ʱüͷ
ϴûӦСῴļҵĹŮһͷˮ
ӦϺڣǿˣֻҪǸùǾûϲУ
ӦСͷлүүǵҿˣǾȥף
Ӧ˲׹ӦСǵӦϺأ⺢ӣҪүү˵˲ųϣļҵĹŮ˼лˣ
ӦСϴЦ˵ֹסΪѣʱ˵ϵǽѾ϶һ粨
ϲôģȻϵ˼ҲŶӵ۹⣬Ӵû˵£϶Ǻȥسʱϵģ˲ףԷ϶ˣ
ôţ˲ÿˣ͵һºϵɫԼϵЦѹס
ϲŮǾ͸ɣ
ŵһķӦСϱҵĹŮǽСҾͿˣȻСһССҲأСһƣǾҪСȢˣŻܶƫһ㡣
˵ӦǱѾæˣӦϺӦ϶ӦɺӦСһӦϼңҪ۸ơ
֮С³һ£оµľûִľƺãζѾܲˡ
ѧӦҸƴϷ˾ʹӦģСҲôһƬأȥŪѵأѧƵ
ѵûˣҪϽƵ鴦ˣ¹ӾҪˣҪʼæˡ
ϷʱСѾѧ˸Ƶ죬ɽС˵СʾǺһҪע⣬оͬķá
ӦϺרţͽСһʵ顣
ӦϺ־ͼƵκξͬƹҪģֱӰɾƵĺû
ŽСң˭оģ
СȻش𣬡ȥȥϷʱСһŪģҪŪʳƣǺȥϷŪơ
ӦϺͷС˼ϸ壬Ūľ㼸ӻأ
ҲΪӦŪйƣȽСҵҪһ㡣
ӦϺŽСң̲ס̾˿СǸޣ˼ϸ壬أͷչ϶ҪܶƵĴʦȥ
ӦʣùúСôŪģҿŪĶ࣬һֲŷֲһأ
˼붼һģ̶ֻȲһʱͳԣʱ䳤ˣ͸һ㡣Сһش
ȥӦϺѾѧĲˣǽСҵľûо͸ͺͽСҪ˵ؼҼ
Էˣ˵ӦСˡ
Ϻݺݵһ˲̧ͦͷˡ
Ӧ˶ܿģȻûнСκã˾ϲ£ӦҴׯڻڳһˡ
ϢһӦϺҪ˸Ͻе˵
ҵҲģ˵Ҫϲ磬ףӦСС
ӦǸͥǱҵģкܶˣӦϺ;бˣݺݵףһ¡
ϽҲ˷ܵĲУҲˣ˵һʱ䣬ݺݵѧϰһʱ䣬ʱžȻˡ
Ϻ˲̧ͷָֻǰӡ
ѾһֱƵ˵㣬ϸ׹Լʹһÿ춼ˮУзˣ
ɵʱݵѧϰʱľϿеź£ʱˣ˼УԹϳĺӣĽߵﶼҪ
뵽ʵϺͽϺôƫĽѾܸԼźѾܲˣҪ˼ңȢŮƸǿ϶ٵģʼ˼ϺͽϺѵģܸóټҵ
֮˵£Ϻ棬ֻҪԺӹúãеĶǵģ
ɵɴ۾û뵽ϾȻô󷽣ԺҪȢļҵС㣬ȻҪôֱʣǲҪԼ׵ʱݺҪ˼һʣѾױ


326 
æѾ˵ҪȢǽѾǴСףˣҲˣ͸Ͻ°ˣһŸǿأ
°Ͳڵϣ·ƶһˤ̣ڿЦɣҪȢѾ
뵽û취ܣ԰Ļ´СͶģû˵Ǻû취úѧϰ
ôУҲܺʹѾһ㵱ʱ˵һμҸõ£ΪļҵĴС㣬ŻͬģôͺʹѾлԼˣ㵱ʱ˵׹ƭҵģɵ۾ŭš
Ϻ˲ѿʲôƭƭģ㵱ʱǴؼҵʱ򣬾ǸѾͯģ֮ףˣϺʹѾ飡ԼеǮϣ飬ΥԼ˼
ԲУѾѾã
ѾԽɲ⣬ýǸҷϣԼеĹӸ˺ܶ࣬ɴСͺͽѾһ𳤴󣬽ѾǸʲôӵˣˣԽѾһٸ⣡
ͲǺ£ýѾȫǶ裡
Ѿɵֿӣͷ˸ŷߺޱȵĹ⡣
Ȱ˵ɣͬʱ˵ô֮Ҫɾʹ˰ɡ
˵ʲôԸ⣬ҪҺʹѾһһȢ˵֮ǵʱһʱĿĵģΪ˸Ҵӣ
ϵ𣬡˶
ϺȳȣȾҪ򣬡ҪǲʹѾһ𣬿Ҳ㣡
Ѿߺ޵ĿϺͽϺǿѹ֮»ǲͬĽɣѾŵˣӦ޸ķɽɾȻͬ⣡
ͻȻվ˳ջ䣬Ҫ˵ˣҲޣиõģˣû˿ϣҾ͹ͺˣǲҪΪѴˣ
ϺǰҪߵĽѾѾ˵ʲô
۾Žɡ
ѾĻ磬֪ŬѧϰҪУˣˣҴСУֻǼҲվҽеǮ磡ҶԴûκ뷨Ҳ뿴ŴΪѣϲˣȥȢףǣ˵һȻίӡ
ɿŽѾӣĬ˰죬Ѿ֪Һãǡãס׵Ļᱻڸģ
״˼Ҳƴ磡˵ţƿϺ
ϺվôһҪɺͽѾס
ɵŭɢЩȢѾǾԲܵģ
ֵ߽ʱ򣬽ѾķͻȻһ졣
ĳǰѾѾɲҪѰһ߿ţһš
һ£漴߿
Ѿϵˣǽȥʱڷ
ϺͽŻˣæҵĽѾ
ϽѾڻ޵ûڵأĺӣҿĺӰôôɵ
ѾίĿŽɣֻˣûлԼܡȢĹ
ϺһڽɵϣѾΪô࣡㾹ȻҪı𣿣
ϺͽѾڵϿ޸ͣ
ɼˮͽѾһȢѾ
ѾɲΪӣ۾һ˿⣬漴εϵĻ
Ͻҳһˣ˽˽ӡ
һæźĸϹ
Ͽ˵ľɴ۾˵ɶʲôʱ˴Ѿͯˣ
ɻĿϣҵĺӣʱҪиӣǲΪѾûҪŽɳţ׼Ūһ𣬲ôڣ
ˣӺܸˣŵĵүջӦøҸʲôĹŮû뵽˶ϣȴҪɺͽѾһ
ɱԹʱұͲΪͯ飬֪𣿡
죬û˵
ǰҺүүùģ˵Ҫһ˼ڶϣ˼ֻҪϵģͽѾǱߵĸ֪С
ɫѿͷһԲ
֪ɸˣæأ׼Ͻ˵Ļ°ˣ
սţͿɼֲͽѾһӣ˵ŮΪ˵ڵʹ飬СӦʲôõĶ㣬ȴҪڻ飬ҪѾŸ𣿣
ɸͲϵĻлԼΪʲôʱҪѾҹӶף


327 
ģŲԣףҿĴѾݺôΣڻҪ˻飬Ҫ˵дʡ
ɿŽӣ˼ҪӰæ˵
֪ѾûҪܿԼǸˣС㣬ţҸ˼ˡ
ڼȫûзȨĿϣǰôѾãҲ˼ңڴˣǰҲԣˣҪҲѾ򼸸ѾߣСţʱҲҵ˼ңҹͬչȡã
æ̬ҿ϶ԴѾãκ鶼мļҲҪױԣô϶Ҫĺãүү̾ͲҪˣ
Ϻϲͬ⣬˲ʹѾףôƴƴһҰʲô
ϴӳŲ˵ڽɵɣ㽫ɱ˰ɣүүҲɱˣʱǶˣҪʲôȥҲù˼ô֮
ɹڵϣǳȫҰɣҲܺʹѾһǰ˵иõ£ҺɢڻҪȢһˣҪҲŶԣ
Խ˵ԽŭվҪȥȴվſڣȻҪȥ
Ȱ˵ɣԼеģڲϣҪڻ飬ҪѾүүô
ӿǰ˵ӣҪѾ޸ˣӲԸˣķкܶУûҪһҪʹѾ顣
ŭ𣬡Ǿñвң꽫ұҪҴСûҿ ϽҹҫˣҾԲܺʹѾһ𣡡
ŽɵĻзӿʲô鶼Ϻϵģɢ
ĿŽӵӣ֪ͨɿԼｪ˵ѾΪʲôһҪʹһ𣿴ѾˣϼףѾС㣬Ҹģҵ飬ֻһôʱˣˣ
ϺʹҪĵϽҵ黹ֲ˵Ǳû취Ŷ׵ģ콪ҪǲʹѾһҾģ
ǾҪɱ𣿡Ҳˡ
վٴνɱҰɣˣǾͿˣ
ɿһʱ䲻ͬ⣬קסɵĸ첲ߣɣȻɣʹѾô궼ƣû취ܿ⡣
ɻֵ̿ҲȥҪʲôҪҹҪҴӦǲǣ
ǰ㽫ӹʲô˼Ѿˣ
ɺݺݵĽƿ𿪣ûʲô£˵žͽק
һûע⣬ˤڵϡ
ſ򲻽ȥңԭûôɹһˣȫû취ֿ
վ˹ȥɣϺŹȺݺݵڽӵϡ
ÿһ¶ʮ޲ýӴ
ӱƺߣϺмȴ˽ӵͷϣ˲ˣͷۻ±ôæ
ʱɺݺݵĽɹ
ýɣǽͷ׼˽ӣһӡ
ԭףɿ״Ԫģȴû취ףˡ
Ͻҵܴ󣬺ܶǽǵģʲô
˿Ӧϣ͸Ӧ˵Ͻڵ֡
Ӧɻ¶أɾȻţϺͽϺҪˣ
˵ţӦϵɴ۾ϾȻҪɺͽѾף
СҲ˵Ϣסֵˣʵô£ô˵ġ
ɻѵǽѾ޲ȥǱģڻǸţ׼պһӣ
ֵĽĶС˵ˡ
ôܣɸûлԼ˵ͽѾлԼǻлԼǽѾΪʲôҪҵүӦ϶϶ڽôʱ Ҳû˵ɺͽѾлԼ顣
С˼һ£֪϶ûô򵥣м϶飬ҪѾͲһ߹ӦСһ߱Žɡ
ɲͬ⣬˾Ȼɹˣ϶м˵Ŀģ
СҴŽСԷ·ŽСˡ
Ͻҵķźߡ
Сʾ⽪СҲҪȽȥ
СҴԽ֮ԽС̺ܽϣСڷǽͷ鲢ϤСҿŷѾҪԼȥ
С棬ҪСס֣ҪǱ˷ˣ϶Ӳߣÿʦϰ书·С˲٣Ȼǽ̫ϤܹҪȽСҺá


328 ҵĺ
СֻܷſţһҪҽɣʲô
СϽҺϤֱɵķϡ
ɵķиСֱӴ򿪴Ӵ˽ȥ
ɴͷɥڵϷͻȻĽСŵòᡣ
СŽɵ죬漴ʽɺͽѾлԼô¡
˼һ£ӦϺͽг𣬿϶ϺͽϺ˵Լͽľ߽СҪСһҪ취ȳȥ
С۾һתֱӴӦ˵϶ӲܣΪ˱ҲὫɾȳȥûʲôǿ϶ġ
ɸм㣬Сʱ򣬻ǲļϵķСˣѽСһҪѾܳʱûԷˣǵŪԵĺȵġ
Сͷ˲ʧڷϡ
СҼæʣ𣿡
С±˷֣ŽСҾߣҪҵʱŽ˵˳и׹˵и£ɲŷ񣬺ȴҪȢǽѾͬ⣬ͱˣ˵Ǹ׹ǴѪ˿أ
Ѫ˿СҾǵãʱŸ׹棬ҲѪ˿ŵ֮
Сһؼңӳ˽ϵʣҪСȥҪɽ׹ӻ
Сصı飬Ŷɵķ
ɶҪˣһ׹гԵģֽʡ
С󽫻ڻֲŽ˷ص
Сҿͼüͷ˲ûȥ׹óһԱȣ֣һģһġ
峿СҾӦϴɵôϱģҴҳ緹Ҫеȥһ£
Ӧ߳Ҫɶȥ
Сûϸ˵ȥϰ˵飬˳㽫ϰ¥ȥ
Ӧϵͷ˸ŽСңСҵİȫ
˾¥ڷ粢ڣֻؼҡ
߹ҵʲôӦԼ
СҿһСˣҪȥеҪ㡣
Ű֣ʾȥʲô¶ҪǶ뿪
СҽϵĻֽ㿴ʶ𣿡
ڣⲻҸһ£ԣⲻҵģ
С۾һҵĺӶУ
ҡͷǣ̫үүżȻõģѪ˿ҲǼƷͽŪ׹ҸһһÿĳӲеġ
һĸģûжӣСֱʡ
𾪵Ŀô֪Ҷӣĵĳӳû೤ʱ䱻գһֱ䲻ʱûʱϾ׹
СҼ׷ʣʲô
űտڲ˵һ飬Ҳۡ
ȥˣҲʳС˵ţҪߡ
Žסô֪׹˵֪ķĶ
СҲûǽɣɽ꿼ţϵҪɺͽѾףϾ׹Ūɷμҵ£˵ɻһŸõ¡
Ÿˣ˼ǽҺӣ
ڻ˵׼Բðϰ塣Ҳû뵽ɾȻּҵģҲ˵ͨΪʲôϴߣΪߵĽˣɵʹˡ
żԭشת漴СˣҪҵҪ֪
ڷСظˣҪߣʲôż飬ôżĪʲô飿
С񣬡¡˵꣬ͼֽóҽŵ׹˳ϰ壬׹ǲһ
ſŽСҽ׹óķʽɫ˲Ͳˡ
ڷ翴ͼֽ֮󣬽Сٴοڣǰү׹˵һһģһģͻ˸ͼүĶԱһ£־Ȼһ
żСҾɫĽ׹˻ԺͲȥˣѿ
ڷһ۾ͽ׹ϳͼϵ׹ĵģǴ￴ģ˵ʶ׹ˣ
СȽҵ˵һ£漴ڣǽұĺӣɣ
ڷϴŭ𣬡Ҷеȥңȴû뵽Ȼǰ
СҼԼĲ࣬ԥ֮󿪿ڣ˵˵ô𣿡
ڷ翴ЦˣСѾͷĺܣҲʳȴҪҡ
Ҳǵ;˵ܶ඼׼ֱϰ壬ǺҲǰи׼ڷ϶֪˼Ͳֱӽ˵ȡʵĻ


329 ɵ
ڷ翴ŽСҴϻ۵ӣĵϲģε̾˿ĵĺӣĴСδŵʱӣ±˷ֶû뵽ӶˣңûӣֻŮ
үԣδŵʱһӣ׹ŵ͸ȴû뵽ʱӶˣֱҴ֣޾øսžͷ飬ʮίҲûҵֻ֮ܲ
鵱ʱ洫Ƿ׷ײ²⣬֪˺ӵĴڣŪûˣΪǲвԺҵĵλ
ʱòܵүϲӣڵǰ
֪ʧɢҵˣȻǶϽһƬǽںôǸţ϶ϻȥ
ڷؼң˵顣
СҲ뿪ϣϰ嵽ʱǰǸϢ
ſŽСҾҪϳˣҪסСңСң
СɻĿţүСѾˡ
ûĺСһСɪŲӲ˵ˡ
Сһؼּ֮ѾûˣӦϺͽС ȥӦСףȥˡ
ǰС㡣
С˼һ£ɺпҵˣڽǱ߱ŽɺͽѾףҪңӦô
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С˺ܳʱ䣬ȥӦׯӦףôٵ
һӦׯ
ӦһЦӦСΪǵģѶӦСٽ
ϼСҹЦųӭӣС˰ϾҪϯˣϲСңҪСҼ޹ϱ
СЦŵͷˣе飬ˡӦϺǰһ£Ӧˡ
ܿ죬Ʋ˾ˣӿ
ӦϺĶǺþƺ⣬ǰβ֪˶٣ǳԺҲ뿪һҪӦСŬ
СѾȲˣǲע⣬ҽСң㣬ô
СϽԼɵĺͽС˵˸࣬û˵׹͸ģСӻ飬ܿͲ뵽ɵûô򵥣Էʱû취ûԺá
ＱӣСЦˣࡣ
˼Ϳ϶ˣû뵽ɾȻǴ˼ҵģСɫÿҪǽϻȥѾ޸ɣϽҲֵˣ
˽С˼СЦͷ
һߣӦСͽСһֱǹע£Ͳ࣬ţҲû׵Ϣ׷׺档
ЦŴܵĽƹȥ
ϵȲߵĲˣʣС˵ ȥװеļҵС㣿ڼףףˣǻ֪ļҵСء
ӦСûߵ˵ȥ˵ɡ
ǴȤСǸأ
ӦСǺ
ǾãӦҪӦС ˲ųף϶ҪҸСţǶڴţӦϺչʱӦһͷչˡ
Ӧлǽҵ飬ŽСҵӣ֪ʲô˸ڻȥˡ
ϿӦϴźӴҴ뿪ӣ̾һӦСţλˣȴϼ׵˵һأȴû뵽ӦСпϵĹˡ
ϼӦߵô죬̲סֹǲǿӦС֪ӦСϲˣûϣˣ뿪ӦСϵģǽСң
ӦϻصңͽСһˣصģ鵽ʲô
Сҽ֪˵һ顣
Ӧŵôվ˵ɶǽɾҵģ
Сҵͷӽ֮Ҳûȥ߶ּҵˣÿζӽ߲ٶǸƢȻһֱܣ룬ּ˿϶ýɵвˣ
ļͥû˾ͲңӦʡ
СЦ½ɸǼġ͵ģ
ϴŽɻʱ򣬽ɻһ꣬ʲôҲÿ֪֣ƽƤ˲٣ӦϵʱΪǸմӵ߱ϰߣڿ˼û취ӦĿӣ
Ӧô죿ԲܿϽҹĺãС˵ϽҾѾĺģ˵ܵܣҪûǰʱ仹Ҫɱ˽㣬ԲҪȥҹӣ
Ϣȥ׹ڣֻҪˣɿ϶ҪˣСҽ顣


330 췹
Сɫͳˣ߾Ҫóˡ
֪Լҵү϶ͽѾһҪ˵ϵĽѾˣ
С׽Сҵ˼ʹ׳Ҫǽ˵ȥûн衣
ȥˣͻὫСҳȥ
ϽҵΪǲ෹̸۶Ƕ棬ǽɺͽѾʲôʱлԼģμĺ²ҪҪȢѾ
ܶʹϺͽϺǶ֪ѾǸĺģûҪҪȢʲôڣͯ򣬶ǷǵĽڡ
˵¿϶Ͷģи׹ء
˵ʲôĶУ˶˵¡
ǵۣﺦµᱻ֪ˣļƻҪˣɱô죬ǲͬͽѾһ𣬱ֱӽţ췹ʱͬҲͬ⣬ͬҲͬ⡣
ͬ⣬ֱȥмңŷҩ
ϵʱϸ˷ˣɫǲÿ˵½ɶʱ䳤ˣ顣
Сÿ춼ͷɲǺܶ΢˵ͲˣŽСͳԵĶ
ӦķˣСÿķˣɲߵĿԱȵģʼڵʱӦףӦϹϵãҲ͸Ӧһȥˡ
˷û೤ʱ䣬ɾ;ȵСһɻһѾСˣѾ˽ˣ͵Թ̲סˡ
ｪ˻ʱˣŽѾƽţֽϣſš
ѾʹٲԸ⣬лҪӣû뵽ȻҪֶνԼ׳ȥ
ǰ֪ô£Ѿ˲ˣҩˣͽߵӴ򷭣һأǾȻĵķң
ѾдᣬŹһصķˣϵ·һ
ʧʹ㲻ҪȥҾԲܺף
ôţеаȴѹѹס
Ѿܿ˸⣬Ž߹־Ҫѽɵ·
Զ㣬ҪңҪļˣ
Ѿ߬ȭͷ־͸һƣǱݺӣ浱Լܿ
ɰûӦѾѸٵ·ѹ¡
ģɲŭ𣬷ѾҲϡ
ſŽѾʹ޵ʹ֨ѽ֪Ѿˣ뿪ķǲԸģֻŮܽ˼ңϺӣԺܷ
һֱŽҵĶŷĶԼԼŮµٻȥ˽Сҡ
Сдֶһ£漴Цˣ裬һӦЩ춯֡
С㣬ҪҪӻһء˵
Ҹȱӣүһү黨ݣ̫̫ģ˽Ķǣֻһӡ
Ҹ˵궪ĺӱҵˣֻһ£ûйıʾ
ڷҵĵĳӣϽұͱŮףڻǾĺã
̫̫üͷһ𣬡ǸТӸҽ
Ѿ߳ȥңܿͻرүڼңѾҪ˳ȥˡ
̫̫ϲĲУɺܳʱûˣСôûһ𣿡
ڷЦЦأҪ³ˡ
һգۺӶˣҲСˣ㷿û˲ٳ֣ǰ˵ТôʱȥǲӦÿһˣ
黹ĻҪҲģģһпԵְɡ
̫̫ô꣬ĪǿϺõˣеĻҺɩ㿴
ڷЦȽĵɣ
̫̫Ը˵û˵ʲôȥ̫̫й綼Ҫԣ
ûҲ뽫ҵأڷЦ˵
̫̫û˵š
ܿүڻͻˣ˵ԼʧɢĶҵˣôҵ˾ͽӻһӶѣֲûǮ
̫̫֪ǲүأ
̫̫ЦŹǾҪûʲôĵطլԺܿ޺Ҳ
̫̫ݺݵĿ̫̫һۣȲɣ
̫̫Ҫߵȥﵱĺʲôĵط
ȻӣôȥŮˣûô˼ˣŮѡ£̫̫ߵ ʣʱҶϢˣ


331 ҪȢ
Ǻϣûܱϵĵط
Ｑæ룬ʱү׹ϻҸոĽ
˼ǳЩ֮û֤ݵĶ
֣Ķӵ
ûص̫̫ػ˵ˣֻ׹һӣ
Ǿ˭Ƕ˵ҵĺӣүϥ¶ӣұһҪĺãñ˿ӣ̫̫æ˵š
˵ʱͿŹˣ˵Ҫȥӡ
̫̫ųֵͷʹüͷ
״Ѿֵ߽ȥ
̫̫˼һ£ĽмǺӵģһˣȥ˴
ȻҲȱӣҲҪѪĹ档
һҪһ𣬡Һһɡܳʱûȥˣ˵ǱŪ˹ƣҪȥѾˡ
ڷȥҲУֱӽɴӽҴñˡ
̫̫ڷûҪĸȥҪĹܼҰȥ顣
һϽһڱףѾ˵ȥˣɴСͽѾһԣڹˣӦóף
ƴֿ׹ҵģҪҺͽѾףҪҹӣҲҹӣԸĵķʽңҽѾʲôҲͽѾһ𣡡
СѾ˵ˣ˵ܿǴ˼үұģϼҪͽѾףء
ӲһӾ˽Ϻʲô
Сû˵ʱѾˣΪó׹Ǻʹ˼СĶû뵽ǽѾѾͽô񣬿϶ģ׹ֻģ
Ϻֱˤ˲룬ʹѾѾ˷֮ʵ㲻ͬ͵úʹѾף
ϹȰ˵Ѿˣ͹ԹԵĺʹѾװɣҪǺڣǲҪ˴Ѿ𣿡
һ˵ĺ˵ˣҪͨңֱӹϺӣŶûУҲΪУȴ˼Ҹˡ
ϺŹȾͳкҪɡ
Ͻɹ˵ϼҩʱ򽪴Ѿˣɾ㲻Ҳû취
Ϣĺܿ죬ӦׯҲ˵顣
ӦСͼ󣬺ͽѾһ
ϱտʼһΪ㿴˴˼ҵС㣡ߺһСңû뵽㾹ȻϽѾݶļˣ
ӦСڵϣŽѾ˵Ѿģû飬ǹùÿǱģ˳ۣʲô鶼˻£
ŭ𣬡죡
ӦϺ֪ϵǽѾ۷ڡ
֪ˣ˵
ӦСڵϣ֣ѾѾ˼֮ףǿ϶ҪһģǾʹӦҰɣ
ӦϺŭһüҷ
һƬţû˵
ӦϺǶȥԺһӣֱӴӦСϣҽ첻㣡
һӦСϣӦСûϸƤģûͲ԰ˡ
ۣСôᱻ˹ˣݶˣǽҵˣѵҪȢӦ𣿡
ɫҲãС϶ǱǼ˹˻֮ǰƼ㱻˵ҪС˾ȥŵĶӣӦҺϽгģôܽҵȢأ㣬л֪ʲôأ
˵Ӧ˵ǶǽѾʲô
ӦСڵϣжѪζȴɼҪͽѾһ
ϿӦϺɫԽԽˣæҪӦ϶ȥֹҪë
ҲòȥﻹŽСôõĺӼ޸ȴСˣҪȢ
οϣ߽֣Сȥɣȶ侲˵
Ͽŵ϶ӵӣ۵ĲУӦϺͺҪˣæϵӦС
ӦСŲҪǲͬ⣬ҾͲˣҺʹѾమģѾ˼֮ףҵˣ
ӦϺٴνеĹҽҪ۵
Ӧɼ״ȽӦСҹȥ
ӦСţ
ǱϽҵ鴫Ӧ˵Ķ
ڴСǱС˹ɵ˰Ǳ߶ҪˣҪȢѾ콫¸
Ӧ̾ƿŽѾҪͽɳ׵˵ˡ


332 
ӦСҡͷܣѾ˵ˣѾҵˣһӶһ𣡡ţѾѾмˣôܻ޸ɣ
Ӧϴ޲øһƣǳҪӦҹȥ˵꣬͸ӦС˵˺ܶΪʲôܺͽѾһɡ
ӦСһĶǽѾӦ˵ЩӦ˶ԽѾƫҽѾ϶ͽɽ飬϶ǱƵû취ˣԪ콪Ѿ˵ˣȥȥϺͽϺã
ɵģҪ䣬ҪȥʴѾˣ϶ᱳң
ӦֻͬȥʱҲġ
˵˲ͬ⣬ˣǰѾ͹ӣӹȥĻǽѾָŪʲôأʱڶҹʲôʱ֪Ӧôʲôʱٳ
ӦСˣÿ춼ԵĺȵģĵȰ˵ǽѾȢãǸ
һַӦСǲӾӦΪѾԼҸŬһҪȰ˵á
һߣ׼˳ףҪɺͽѾãѾ֪׹ˣҲ۽˭ҵĺӡ
ϺϼҪ˳ףиֵƵ׹ϲ֪˭˵Ǵ˼ҵģǸ
Ͼ˶೤ʱ䣬Ͻ°ˡ
ȻԼңǽ᲻ίŮ˵Ķˣ׼õĴóѾϡ
ɺɺҩ˾ͲˣɰϲǵİڲºͽѾá
ڷڻʱ˸ոհá
˶⿴֡
ܣŽɵӣҪʲôʲôôҩˣǿŽϺһӣԼʲôҲˡ
Ҫȥ֪ͨӦϣӦһֱû棬ɵɻˣӦϺͽѾôĳԹôܻῴŽѾţϺӣ
ͻȻ
ڷ̲ס²⣬ϰôˣǽɲҵĺӰɣ
һô˵ȻȻô룬ȻǰҲɿǴ˼ҵģǾȻˣʵһѡ
ܿӦϺͽСңСҲˡ
ڷ٣žߣ˶ʶҲʶϿڷ߻мʶˣͫһ
ڻţ˭׹׹үҿ
û뵽ôˣлҵĲС
¶ǿЦݣ׵𣿴ɺʹѾСлԼڸճ˷ޣҪȽһ£
ӦЦǵʲôʱ򣿵Բ˷ɴཫ˴Ҫүǲǣٽ׹óɣ
϶ĿӦһۣǿ϶ԣϴˣҵĺӣǴּҽɱʱǶ֪׹ʲôģҲǱ˵;˵ģ
ڷû뵽ϻ᲻ϣĿ
˲ףӦϿ˽ϵģڲϣŵһг˶ٴ׹ȥɣ
ڷ翴Ӧֱӽ˵Ӧϵǡ
ϲӦֱӸ˴һ񣬡ȥ˴
Ϻǰţ˽լҪɶ
֪ϺǸģֱӽԺϣתͷԸɡ
ƴȺеĽӣҪӹæȴֱӽԺɷ˳
Žӣ磡ס֣
ǰһѴקһˮ
ѾŴ³Ҫקȥ跴קס֣Ѿ˲ҽ
ۼֿ죬ĶקŽ߹̫̫ɱҩˣ˶ģģ˰ڲ
ڻŽɵӣǰһüۺư
ûôҲûעڲŷӦȷʵ
ڷ翪ڣŪѣ
˼룬һʱǰˣ˲ˣۿдת
ڻ׹ó
׹ֻǸҿǴûиңҲͬʹѾףǾͽҹȻˣ˵еģ
ڻӥۿϽˣó
ϲϣûУϴˣûҪ׹ּˡ
ЦŽ׹ùүҴӽѾĲקġ
ڻһϳ׹ԣҵϵģ̫࣬ڻʱֶǲˡ


333 㵽ϲ
ϼ״֪ˣιȥ
ǰУǸոѾˣʽķˣ
Ǹҩڲɳףʲôޣ˵ѾͽѾ˷֮ʵӦʡ
ôһʣ֪ôشˣѾ˷֮ʵҪ˵ң϶ˣѡ
ϡ
һʱ˸հˣû붴ڳϣѾͻˣ϶û취ҵ̡
Ѿɫ࣬ŴվſڣԹ޵ĿӦϡ
Сͬ۾ŽѾ
ɿ϶ǲϸҩͽѾϵ飬ھͿѾҲҳˣ
ѾѹͷԹޣŽɣ磡˵͵ǵ˰ˣҾӣѵڷˣҪ𣿡
֪Ѿ϶׷ŹѾԭãҲͬ£磬ҾԶĴ磡
Ѿǰĸ첲ѵҪң
ʹɣϽô꣬㣬ѧرǵ𣿴Ѿӣ˵ҪͲҪˣҪ𣿡
ǸҩˣұͲͬĻ£ڻҳϣŭϽ˺ݺҪͷ븻˼ң¶ˣ˵ԺὫѾãȻģ
ԭϽңڿϽҸӱġ
ڼͬףͲԺȣҩǲϽҵĺļ޲ȥˣ
ѹݵĶӦϣ죡ǸĺӣѾѾǴɵˣɲ᲻ϣ
ǽɸһףǽҴҪҸҴģοлôƣ
ɱʱһɹʲô֤ݶûУֻ֣Ѱһʱ֪ģؼҸ˵ˣǽ˶װ֪ҾûŲһ£ĽӼ͵ģӦϻͷڷ硣
˻һеԹ޳ױȼˣһֱĽųӶ˺С˸ţߵﶼǵעӣû뵽ԼҲҵĺӣһҵүϽҽôʱֲ赭ӣܾǵıӣھȻ
ڻԣǾúǽг𣬳û侮ʯָӦϵıӿ޺
ǲڻԣһ¾֪ҺӵʱǶ֪үүˣǲҹӦ˵
ʱڻæȢףԭи˽ӣ޾ͺܲ ͽڷңֵе鶼ڷæġ
ʱҴģÿط˲飡
һڣιȥ
ϣɣôԴģԼôܽƳӣǳǽңôż˵Ļ
ҧ֪ǵ֮ҪҺʹѾһ𣬾޿ܣͬ⣬һӶã
ϺȥˣɻǼֵӣ죬ǣ㻹֪ǻݶ飬ô
ڻһӣҲŭˣ˽ƻȢһûǼƽϣǾȻҪ
ǹݶ˵ʲôҪϺŭ
СҿĽѾɵЦţ㻹ȥ
Ѿ߬ȭͷ磡ҽ㵱ϣ㱨֪㲻ˣҲΪŻΪޣѾˣ˵ϱϻǲϣ
ѾҴ磬ҿԲƽǰκ飬ҪңѾ͵˼㣡ѾΪӣˣôܺͽѾһ
ѾͻȻЦˣã֣ڣ
ɿĽѾȢţǲĺڣ
ѾתߣҪȥУн˽н˹⡣
ϺǾˣô̵ʡԼô꣬Ϊ죬Ժͽһȥҹӣʲôû̵ôܷ֣
Ѿҡͷҿ϶Ҫڵģţ
޵ϲѾˣȥˣ
ҪʲôǶ˵вɣԺ󡭡ѾԽ˵ԽݣһҪ˺ڣҪ


334 
Ůӣ֪Ůֻš
˿ŽյĴŶЩ˼飬ʲôҪɲϽ顣
ͬʱҲɻüͷһ
СЦˣѾƵһѺ֣
ӦϿ͸¾ȥˣ϶ʲôء
ڷ翴ŹˣҪŽӻ漴Ӧһ£ȥӦϼš
ɴûӦϼңÿξʱֻǿɣ˵жֵƣԺĶӶˣʱڻ룬ʲôʱܹϱӦϻҪõӡ
ԺӣŹһɵӣ̲סڷڻҿ϶ӦϻҪԣĿ϶ǱӦϺǧٱ
СҪϲ衣
ճȥɾ͹ڻǰ޳һһֱӾͽеڻôжࡣ
ڻǰĴӣܲӦʱ򣬲ʮ꣬ȽڻҪС
СҽӦϹһߣطɣȻڷڻˣ϶ὫɴȥҶһҲûʲôѾʵҪЩ𾪡
СѾˣ
ſŽɹӣʮֱģҽСңôˣ
ڿʣȱ裬үҪҪ㣿СЦ
ŵڻ֮ǰ͸׹ҪʽСΪʲôҪ׹
Сȴȿˣ˵ű飬ɸǻȥңһĶҪ˰ɣҪŲˡ
˵ʱ򣬽Сˣǽɣ޵Ҫȥˣ֪ܻܲȥأ
ſŽСӣֿŽɵķһۣҵ϶Ҫӻȥģ
ţǰ׷ˣСЦ
Ҳ͵طӦɸŻȥڣҪ¿ȡˡ
ʲô룬ֻһȥӣҵүԺҲߵﶼһĽˡ
ڻһһӶûϵȻ̫ӦǽϿĽɷˣͺһҰɡ
˷ܲѣϵɾү׵׵Ҫȥܻȥˣ
ڷ粻̫ͬ⣬ȻãվɴˣڻǸţӦ㲹Ȼ˿࣬ȵȿǱߵ˼Ҫȥͽл֮ߡ
ڻ֪һǸصģ͵ͷͬӦϼҵŽҵ˼
ͻȻڣ˵֮Ҫȹлô꣬ȴûб
ӦвʲôûֳֻиƺӣҺͽѾûϵˣүȥھͺã
ߣ˼ҵӿɲģǸ˽ӣ̫̫϶ӹʱͺȥɣܲ׽ɵ˼ǣ
뷨ˣҺӦϹϵãһ⣬ҪӦϽϵԺȥңһˣҪпɽӦһܱȺͽЩֻ֪ĺã
ڻЦſӦϣļͥгΪţҪӦ̫̫Ľ̵Ǽҹϵãȥ˵þòҲЩµĹҪ̫ˡ
ӦһֱЦãֽϴģԼûϵ
Ӧ̫̫һ˼ңżӷչôãŮӰڻޡ
ү˵̫ˣ
ڻƽŮ͸¶ŲһʣŤͷڷ磬ôʱ䲻˵ףΪɣ
̫̫иãڷɥ֮󣬾һֱŸǣߣýӹֱסңûڷֱӴӼ˳̫̫һȾǺüꡣ
ڷ˵ģ˲üͷҪ˵
ڻЦңҲ񣿡
ڷɫ˲죡
úúãұͱ죡ڻɴЦǽϲסɣǼƵģ϶صĺþơ
СڻҪ̲סüЦǰ֣շ»Ҫίүˡ
ڷ˺ܶˣǶһ𣬷ס£ôӣסһѸɺͳ
ȻǱûϢǾȥسǰɣڷֱ˵
ڻҪ
СֱӴӼľƷóѲصĺþƣҪ˳ԡ
ȥѾƣ趼ҪˣСֻڷ˵㣬ڻû֮󱶸ϡ棬һڿ


335 һȢ
СӣҵСңҶӵôǼҺˣǽɻһأ
СЦһǸ׵ģӣû׾ͺ˺ӣɾǻȥˣҲ϶òȥ
ڻƶҪˣܼҲŴӽһ˵ʲôҪ
ǲҪǵ飬šүȥлµӣ˵˽õ飬ֻҪűҡ׷ڻ˸˰컹û𽪴ɵ֡
ɸŹܼһȥϽҵл
û˿ţ˹⣬ȴеĶʰãſڣ󽪴л֮ŷһӡ
ܼҽڻ˵ĻԺӺһ顣
Ӧϼǰ֣˵벻ɾȻôãҵүԺȥҾҪʳˣ
ɸڻڷһȥسǵıԺ
ǸߣǾ͹ˣӦϴ
Ӧ϶û˵ֻ˵ŵ׹ýɵ׹Σϰһ£֪ҵ궪˸ӣû뵽ǸӾǽɡ
ǿʼͬ齪ɣԭǴ˼ҵģɽ߻ʵԶĵطôĿӣ˻ҪͽѾףĻ͸˰
ڿƵٺã˼ҽҲûϣ½ѾԼȥȥˣǽѾĺԺڼһӰɣ
˵ʲôĶУӦϻصæʲôæʲô
ǼʲôҲˣˡ
û೤ʱ䣬ҵүүȥڣѾ㾡ûܽ븻ͥͱǴˡ
ӦׯҲϢ
ӦϺһǸ
ӦСӲҪȥǶǵ;˵ҲŴѾˣǿ϶Ǵӹùü˵ģҪҺͽСҽ飬˵ĻٴѾ
־Ҫ򣬡㻹Ǹ˵ҪѾͽɳףǽѾҪȥҵ̣㻹벻ͨǽѾݶǳģøԶ
ûۿͲҪϹ˵ҴѾ׿ں˵ôҲţӦСɺ۾ŭţϲѾƫƫһ˶ԽѾҪɢ
ϿӦСײǽͷӣȰ˵ϣҪȥۿȥҲãģ
ϺӦϺһ£ͽӦС˳ϼͬ⣬㿴˭ҵĹﶼԣΨǽѾ˵ʲôУ
֪ӦСеǽѾ˺ϵģСȢؼң
߲óȥӦСȴ˸ˡ
ϣӦСһܵ˽Ѿҡ
ѾˣݵĿһۣ߬ȭͷ
ռӦСϵı˲ͱˣίӦСĻС磡һӦСĻ
ӦС۵ĲУ۾зỨѾҲãˣ
Ѿ޸ͣӦСĺ󱳣Ȱ˵š
֪˶೤ʱ䣬ѾŽֹͣ˿˵飬˵ϸ˵ͽɴСлԼҪǾãԸ⣬ǾǿƣɷԼүͽԼˣ뿪ˣ
ˣǡҵûˣǱΣ䲻㣡Ѿͻͻġ
ӦС֪ͱ˰ãܵ˵ǱΣͽû˹ϵǿĵĲУе˲ɢѾڻѾҶԲ㣬Һͼ˵ҪȢţǲͬ⻹ҹҽ͵͵ܳģ
Ѿһ߿һ߱Թ㣡̫ˣҪҪҲͽɰãǿһӣһ˭ʶǵĵط֪֪Ѿ׼˼ŽҪԲʱɱԼҵĺӶģ
ҵĴҵĴҿ϶ģӦСŽѾĻжĲУһֱŵ϶ὫѾȢؼҡ
С磬߰ɣȥһ˭ʶǵĵطܹˣѾۿӦС
ҲúǾˣͳˣҪĳޣ
ʲôںֻһʹ߰ɣѾ
ӦСоᣬˣôеһжҪͷʼ
Ѿһɿ˵ʲôҪҲûкҪʲôҪӦСȥ˵ֻҪӦϺͽСҲҪǺõģ
ӦСҲãӦ˶ýѾãΪӦϺ˵˵ӦϿ汧ĺеɳӣӦ˻ƫƫӦϵġ
ӦСһֱοѾ֤һͽѾһ𣬹ĽѾȢȥ


336 ֮ʵ
ԸߣѾǲǲһ𣿻˵û취ĲƲ
ˣҾ̧εĽȢȥӦСȰ˵ţҪҪ̫ࡣ
СҺ̫ˣǼҲĺǿ϶ͬǵ£̻Ҫ֮ͺСһںС㣬ҪԹˣ˵ţѾֵˡ
⻰ɹӦСŭ
Ѿһֻۣ˵һ䣬Ǿͽ˰֮ãǵʱ򻹲ʲôķʽ赲ǣҲ뿴㱻˵ǲ岻ТˣԸԼҲԸҪί
ӦС§ڻĶͷҪϹ˵һֻһΪޣ
Ƕͬ⣬ô죿ѵ˷֮ʵޣԽ˵ѾԽС
ӦСоڻ֮ǰԵ˵ĲģֻζҪȢѾţʵǻδз֮ʵ
ĺԼĲϣ˲одһɻ뵽ﶼӦϵģӦ֪ҪͽѾһ𣬿϶뾡취ĲɢѾҲίз·ʲô
ѾĻ˲䣬С磬ˣһֻһˣ磬Ǻ͹һԼسװɣ
ӦСһ˼һ£ֻ취ˡ
ѾӼﴩϺͽɰõļ£óһ̳ƣҡ׼˼ļ¡
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С磬һǵģԹ޵СҺ޲˲źãǾأҪǻǽô죿Ѿһ̿֡
ģǷޣҵܻΪˣùá
Ѿס죬ãҵˣ㲻˵ǣ
ӦСָ˵ȴһ˼ڮ㡣
ٺȵɡѾֳָ˾ơ
ûӦСκˣҲվˣҪѾ֧š
Ѿȥ·ܿ죬ԺﴫŮµ
Сҵķ䣬С㣬ūϢ
СԭѾ˯ˣ˽ţ۾ˣ
ͷǵģ˽°أѾˣ
СתѾҪӦС϶Ὣȫף
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Цһ£С㣬ū˵ҽͨĲʹܿģŮӻУǿ׼ȷҼ˵ֻҪŮ˵ĳҩˮУҩˮϣǻˣһԲ֮ʮܼǽѾѾˣ
ı㣬µľǽԲ˻ϣڴŽѾܻһѾĶӻͦġ
С˼£ʱ䲻ˣȻȥɡ
ͷ뿪䡣
ӦСѹŻĽѾͬʱ־ô̼Ѿˣ
Ѿ۾װһֵӣС磬ܡҪˣ
ʱ˺ӵ˳
ӦСŴϵӣֽѾϵĺۼ߬ѾģһҪĽӦң
˵ţѾ۵Ļ˯ȥ
ӦС·ѽѾ˵ԼҪȻȥѾɬĶڱֻһ˫۾
ӦСƿںˣѾǷˣ
ѾǺ춼ܾˡ㻹
ӦСӣһ嶯ڻǸ˺óʱŽſҿ϶ṼΪһУ
˺һʱ䣬ӦСžĵ뿪
뿪ıӰѾͣĿӦС뿪ķ
ڽƷԿ׷ﱣܣ¸ǵķӣǸͲǻ鷿ªĻӦСԲ˷
ţѾЦɷЦһҪǺڣҪ˶ڣǽҵһУҶǧٱĻȥ
ӦſڣӦСǽȥ
˶Ϊһֱڷ緹ҪԷ
ӦСԣһҪͽѾף¸еˣѾѾҵˣұ𣡡
ӦϺ˭ҲܸӦСԷֱͨΪֹ
ӦСйԾͲԣһֱϵˮδż˶˯ˣַǽȥҽѾ
ѾͽƷŴˣ
˵˺һֹڴϡ


337 һ
ӦСţѾˣ϶û취ˣʱ򽪴ѾͿԽӦˣӦϺͨˣȴѾ˺ӣ϶ͬѾģôţڽѾϸˡ
º󣬽ѾӦС뷨ҪϽȥͼ˵ҪҺһȥһԣүү̳ȫǣ
ӦСͬ⣬Ȼ˽ػ˷֮ʵôǲ岻ģί˽ѾУȺͼ˵ԣͼ޹Ҫҵģ¼һŽѾһ
ѾҲ±ֻܴߴӦСϽȰ˵ãװһίҪӦСȥ
ο˽ѾӦСͻȥˣ׼ÿƣȶûˣٺ˵ͽѾͬˣүүǱ߾Ͳ˵ʲôˡ
ʵһжģӦϺͬˣҲͬ⡣
СĶ䲻ԼСӣҪ˵Ѿĺ͸˵ļˣ
һţѾ⣬Žһȥ̣ҪӦСġ
ӦСȻȰ˵ɹֻȥҽѾŽѾһؼҡ
ѾȻҪӦңҲίӦûһкøеģȥ˿϶Ҫܴ
ӦСдۣûãǼƫ̫ˣֻܴȥ⿪˵ѾǷޣôҶһ𣡡
Ѿͷ·˾ãС磡ҺһȥѾˣʲô飬һԣ
ӦСжĲУͽѾڴϹ˰죬Ŵ·Ӧׯ
ϸӦСͷӦСڷҵĲУѲȥǸȥˣ
ôţϾ͹ˣûˣɤžͽгȥˡ
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Ͽǣֻӣ۷ڣ촽ϡ
զСϲڼҾȥȥˣ˴ֻеˣ
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Сţ
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ӦСͽѾڼǰҺʹѾమģͬǵɣѾѾѾҵˣ
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Ϻ޲ýѾĹ죬˭ӣȥ
ӦСǰͬǰɣ
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ӦϺڴתһ£ûӦСͿͽѾſڡ˵Ѿ˽أټ˷֮ʵҪͬ⽪ѾϱԽԽһž˹Ӧûôӣȥ
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ӦСڵϣĽѾڻ
̾˿˵ļ򵥣Ѿ˷֮ʵӦСӣһҪͽѾһ𣬻Ҫ飬Ѿˣ˵ʲôûã
ϿſŵĴţϣȽȥɣϾҪˣǿҪЦˡӦϺͽӦҺͽҾǲĳˣӦСѾǸţҸõģȴ˴СǼ̱˴ĽѾ֮ǰɱ׵飬¼Ҫȫ˳Цˡ
ӦϺͬ⣬УҪҴ֪ܵļ˹ȥӦûˣӦС֪ڸģҪЫĳŮһ𣬾ͲҪӦû
ӦСֵĿӦϺүүҡ
Ѿֶݺݵ߬ţ֮ǰ֪Ӧ˻ķвӦСȴû뵽ֱҪӦСϳȥˡ
ѾǸˣǶƫùþôѾãΪѾģһֱù˵ʲôʲôѾűģҲӦѾô˵ģԲˣӦСһѱһ˵š
ؿһۣùô㲻û뵽ùþȻȻ˵ˡ
ӦɷźϣϰӣҪ¡


338 ᶨ
ϰ˳ϵɫǳɫŵõĲС
ϵɫҲѿ飬Ƽ϶Ժҡ
벻ͨˣСﶼȽѾҪãǽѾĺǳģӦСôῴȻֱ˷֮ʵŵϽѾӣǰҪӦϳôưͿ϶Ǹʡ͵ĵƣ
ӦСִŽѾڵϲӦϺҲߣ˵һҪͽѾһ˳ȫ
鴫˳ȥ߹֣ǰ°͡
ӦҺͽгӦСȻҪͳ˼ҵŮף
ҿǿгˣҪôͽѾһҪӦˣ
Ѿ¼˵ĺӣרſźõǰżҵĹӣүɣֿӦСŻ
ô鶼׶ˣȻҪնһ𣡡
ĺŮ˵ûҪӦСȻҪȢӽˮ˲Ż飡
ԭѾӦСӣҲʼӦСˡ
ЩŮ˵Ļû׾췹Ƿŵ¼ӣǽѾһɣһΪ˼븻˼ҼֱֶΣ
֪˭һ䣬ҪѾȥţ˵˽ͨӣ˷׷ͬ⡣
ѾӦСѾֽӼᶨҪͽѾһľġ
Ѿڸеķߺޣϣӣ֪ӦҺﶼҪССһҲɢǣҶԲСңӶԲС磡ֻһ𻵣ʣ޼ҪСһֻҪҪҺСһҿСģ檣
ӦϺѾƲɻСҳŭһ죡䲻СӦС䲻СңҴδйϼ׵Ĵ㣡
ĲͣĴؿڣϿһۣһ䣬Сֱˣ
вζַߺޣʱͲӦϼ׵뷨Сҵ
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ѾæҡͷǵģСҴСģܷʲôҶ㣡֪С;ǰ;һƬ䲻ҵλӣҿ檣ҿԽҵλøСң
ѾƤӣɹǼˣۿӦС˵ʲôʱ˵ҪСһ˵˵ùú˵
ȷʵһֱҪϼףʹӦС뷨Ǵûн˵ϣҲֻһ£ӦϸӲ˵ĻֻϸӦС˵ĻҪ˵ƼԲܱĺڹҪŮͳûˣ
ӦСӷɿתû˵£̵˼ҪϼһֱҪϸϱҪ˹ͽСһ𣿣
ѾԺˣʵӦСһԲҪ˵ҪӦСͽСһ˵ʲôҪѾţ
ûſڣϾͽĻӦСӽˮˣѾʱ˻СңСҪȢĸԼ˵Сʲôʱֹãûۿ㣡
˵ڹ۲죬ӦϺͽСҸǹģСҶӦС̬ȸ䵭ʱӦСУżҲǴʱŷСҲڴ󷿺ͶУ
ӦСһĶǽѾԽСҪƫãСҶ̬䵭ǶԼû˼̺͹ùûϼ׵˼ھͲ᲻ͬ⣬Ҳʱʱ̽ԽСû˼
һۿ룬񽥽תͷӦϺСϾǴɩĺӣҪҪѾţҪɩ˼
ʾӦϺһп󷿵˼ӦϺͬ⣬ʲô˼ӦûҪϴûӣָӦСͽѾϸҹӦң
ӦСֱĹڵϣۿˮүү
Ӧɰæ飬үүСһʱ벻Ҫ嶯ŵϵӦСҪϽϴ˵Ѿ
ѾߵˣӦСȻѾˣ϶ҪͽѾף
ϷſָŽѾıʹŶӲɾ۾ŮԵȢؼңҪӦϺĽӸϳȥ
ӦϺ̬ȼᶨֻҪӦСѾȢؼңӦҾûӦСˣ
Ӧ۾ǰһУͻȻֺϵɫǳãҪϲˣæ˴ԼȥӦϼңȥӦϽ


339 Ȱ˵ͬ
ӦѾ˵ϢӦ˵ֱȥ˼ڵһҪ˳ȫɫ࣬ӦҺͽ̫ˣＸͽԹޣӦСͽѾѾ˷֮ʵȢţбİ취
Ӧ޴룬ùȥһ˰ɣүүɫѿ̶̡Ҫȥˣ
Ӧһüͷ˶˵ϼ׵ʱҾͿڿܾȫûΪӦҵˣȻͿֵزͽѾһ𣬸䲻ԼĹŮ
Ӧ鲻ȻùȥǧҪ˵
ӦӦѾǸˣǲݺСң
šѾ˵Լ֪䲻С磬˵ҪҵλøСҡӦ£ҿӦϵɫ
Ӧ𣬡Ҫģ˻ݺҵĺӣ첻ȥ˺죡˵žҪȥӦׯ
һȥСҴ¥Ѿ˵
Ҳ¥Сңڼ飬ӦöţʡȻҪһȥ
ӣڼţȥ֮˵ԣ˽Ѿ»ҪΪҪӦСȢңȻҽѧƣǻ˵ģʱǾͻϼȻģСһͷ͡
ҲȥȥһǶڼãӳ
ҪСҽ̳ɴҹ㣬Զ۶ĸоСȴô롣
Ӧоᣬ֪ŮӦӦȥԼ϶ҪȥСںԣҪԼȥ϶Ҫÿ
ҸһɣҲѾҪʲôСҼ֣ӦѾǰöˣĴϳ飬ԹŮ飬ֺͿˣȥ˿϶Ӧ
Ӳ˵üòſڣûϵѡ
СЦЦȥѡ·İｪС˸ͣŽСһ߳
ɻĿżˣӿһۣһȥ
æͷϴżã˵žȥŪ
ӦϺͽСϳͷӦׯ
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ӦϺͽСҹǵ߲ɵöСҡ
Сһˮɫѣ־һһ͸¶ţȽ֮£ǽѾһֺͷȲϡ
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ϳӭӣƼСң
ӦɫõĻӦأ
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ӦСȻ컯֮½˴ؼұƻ飬֮ǰ˵ʱͽ˼Ȼܳȥ˽԰óףӦϺôܲ
˵ԹޣǶԽޣӦûϵӰ쵽ǣܽѾкôСҪС̬ҲôᶨȥɡӦȰ˵
ӦϺŭ𣬡УӦףҪ鶾֮˽ţ
ڲͬ⣬ҲѾ˷֮ʵ㻹ô죿һ˽ţǽСһϳȥʱЦĻǣӦȰ˵ţҪ£ȻϽҲôСͽѾѾ˶֣Ǿ˳Ȼɡ
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ΪǼạ̊́Ųֻǰ棬Ժ˿࣡ӦϿĵȰ˵Ӽͥ滹ԺķչȰ˵Ҫͬ⽪ѾӦС顣
ϽңӦС϶Ҳûʲôӡ󣬽Ѿ˵ϲӦСҪ޽ͽҶϾһϵȻӦСôŽѾΪ齪ѾԩģǾͽ鶼ڽϺϣֱӺǶˣ
Ӧ˵ӦСͽѾˡ
ӦС΢΢һ㶣û뵽ӦǹæȰ˵ģŤͷŽѾѾˮȵļͥѾܾĥ ԹĽȢţѾͿ뽪ˣֱͬ⣬үү̨£϶ͬˣ


340 ӦȰ˵
Ѿ߬ȭͷŲӦϻôã飬϶ôأҽСҸҪֹסĵ׷䡣
ӦȰ˵ӦϺӦСôӦҵѪӦҵһйĺӣӦҵӦС⣬ԳͷӦҲĽ˸ϳȥӦСͽѾһ𣬿϶ͷˣ㺢ӵҪ󣬾Ӧ
һֱȰ˵ӦϺͬ⣬ֱӳҪǸС˽ţŶûУСͽѾһͷˣﶼȰͷȴȰ˵ͬ⣬ǻʲô˼Ѿ˵ûҪӦϾȻȰ˵ͬ£
ӦԭǿջЦϵıԹЦûˣΪӦҵԺ룡Ȼׯڻںôạ̊́ﻹţżҶͬ⣬ǼΪɶͬ⣿
Ҷ׶ǸСƵģֻûƳɹҪ߱ĸ鴫ȥˣ
ֻǶףڻǿԣӦСѾͽѾ˽أ˷֮ʵԺˣ뽫˸ϳȥ𣿣Ӧ϶ϵ۾
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ӦСܸϳȥѾܽţɩҪô
ǲҪļ˴ȥҪ˵ңҲϣ
Ӧ̾أ
Ƽ㵽ʲô˼ǸС˵Ϸŭ㣬ѾΪӦӦñ㱻ûȴŽѾ˵ǲΪͬϼףӦŰ취
ӦϺ޲øһƣȴʲôֳܱɩ˵Ҫǣѳɶ֣ҪͽѾһô죿Ȱ㿴ʵӳԶҪԼ취鴦ã
СһֱȰ˵ӦϺ˵Ĳûеүºú˼һ°ɡ
ӦϺˣӦôôϣ
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УҪ˵ɵѾߵһˣҵˣҾԲȢΪޣ
ЦǰǼ̫̫ûйϼ׵뷨Ѿ仰С㣬Ǻξģ֪ȲС㣬С𣿣
ѾװӵӣίĿ裬һԲ
ӦСŽѾŵӣŭ𣬡ҲǼʲô˼һֻнѾһӣҪСİɣ
ӦүС𣿻Ǽҵˣʡ
ӦСһۡ
ٴαʣ˵ǲǵˣ
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ӦСһҭ˵Ѿݺݵ߬ȭͷίĵᡣ
͵ĿŽѾȰ㻹ʵ㣬ҪǼС㣬ҲҪһװίʡǧټŪûˣ
Ѿͫһɫ԰ֽѾ˺üˣƽδֹ
һߣӦϻȰ˵Ͼǲͬ⣬ֱȰ˵ӦϺͺϣҪǴӼ룬ҪＸͽҵĶԹͬʱҲҪӦСӦСһýѾãǾͲȫǣѾǲԺǸĸ
С˵ѾǸõģǾȢſǲĺã˵ģǲ⣬ʱһʱ䣬Ѿô¶ǿ϶ͽƹȥˣǲҪڣҪԺ󡣡
ϻǲ̫ӦϻΪѾ˵Ƽ㲻Ҫ˵꽪ѾôģҪСǽѾף
ӦЦˣɩӣͽңѾг޵ģңǼӦǰ濴С£˳ȻɣڿŷŭĲУͷҲûʲôˣ
˵ôɣȴýѾţСԲܺͽѾף
迴һ۹ŵӦСͽѾүү̶˵ˣʣµĻ֪ô
ӦСȻϣѾôݶˣǶǱϹ˵ģͳȫǰɣѾǼ֮ͺͽҶˣԺǼҿ϶̤̤ʵʵӣ֤Ʒԣ
СҲЦ̣Ѿ϶֤Ʒԣ㵽ʱ͵ſްɣ
ͬ⣬ʱӦҾͱˣܹ೤ʱ䣬ӦԶѲ˱˵飬ͬǣʱһʱ䣬Ͳ˵ʲôˣӦϲ˵ˣʣµҪϺӦϺԼ롣


341 ͬ
ӦϺؿһһ˺ôͬȢϱ
ܻ˵ˣȢȢɣȥҪ˼ҿЦ˵⣡Ӧϼףϲͬ⣬ӦСӽˮ˹ŮĲǣҲ˽Сң
Ҳ̾ɣȥ
ӦϺôţҲ˵ͬĻ
һ߳⣬Ƽ˵ĶԣǼҲܱǽѾô޽Ҳ̫ˣ檰ɡ
СüӦСѾֵ˾֪Ѿ檣ӦǻˣҲûԸ޽ˣϲ˵СҲ˵ɲɣԺ󶼻Թޣ
ӦҼ˹˵󲻴˵ССѾѧƣ۵Ҳ֪ƾǿ϶û취֧򣬴黹ҪӦϺҡ
ӦСҪѾȢţҲӦӦһ塣
ӦһҲǹֹģֽ˵󼸸Ҳ֪Ҫ˵ʲôˣӦϵ˵ӦСͽѾõģѾ췹ӦСͱ븺𣬿ҰԧֳӦڲŸշչԲǺ£
ڵϿаСҪǺСһ𣬾˰
ɩӣѾӦңСӷͼǿ󻹻Ϊ״ԪأѾһǰ̤̤ʵʵǼҹӣҪô롣ӦȰ˵
ӦС̬ͬɣҿ϶ŬӦҹҫ鹣Ѿ϶һϱģ
˵ţߵĽѾѾͷ˵϶ĸ
ʵܲסˣҪġ
ӦϺյͷΪӵһ󣬾ͽ˲Ÿϳȥ
ϿϽѾžΪƣӦС˹Ȣ˽Ѿ󷿾ûôˣҲûоܾ
һԲ
ϼǶˣҲĻԶӸӲãֻЭ
Ҫ檣ҪȻţ
ҪǶû
ѾȴС磬Ե޷֣±ټɣ
ӦС֣Ѿ㲻Ҫɵ£һֻ㽪Ѿһϱ˭ҲҪϴ󺰣˭ҲȢֻҪѾ
㽪Ѿ檣Ҳû˼޸СˣﻹΪǣȻͬǵ飬ֱ˵ĳȫǰɡӦϰһۣӦСӽˮģϽѾĺģ˭ҸҽŮ޽ʱҵλӿţҪСң
ϺݺݵҧĶӣһŮˣ󣡳檣ȥ
ǴɩԼɡӦһߣʲôҲ˵ˣӦС϶ҪȢѾ϶Ҫޣ
涣ȢɣȢ˾ͲҪб˼ˣʵӣ
ӦСǰ˶ͬˣͲҪˣȫǰɣ
ѾҲӣҺСమģҿԴҳޣСҴһҿ϶Т˳ҡҺͽҶϾϵ
ӦһѾҪҪҰ׼ױ׼ó׵飿Ȱ˵ͬǣΪӦһԺҺͽѾˣûκιϵҲûйϵҪļˣµͷ˻
ѾһͷҴˣԶӦТ˳
ܲ𣡡
ѾίĿӦϣһ仰˵
ӦСúϽҶ˹ϵӦϼҳõķǿӦɤô˵Ҳ˵ڡ
ӦϼˣȰ˵ӦϺͺϿ㣬ŽС뿪ˣע壬ʱһж֪ͨҾС
ӦҺôģӦһҲ֪صｫҵĶˣҪļˣûģүأⱨӦɣҹŮҪˣ
ͼӶ˿ӦϵӶ˽ҳ
СҹȰ˵й˾ˣ岻ãҺòװ㱣ġ
ӦϻǾбܣһͨͣ
СҼЪ˻ҪߣĽʰ
ǳףҵſܹʲôӦһһ߷źݻ
СҸͣԡǿܹã
飬Ӧ϶ǳʧˣԺôԴôԴԺˣǴ󷿵ˣʱ򡭡
С˵Ƶ飬ɢעѾ׼˺ܳʱˣһƣƽƷһ
ԺǼƣɽȪǰ׾ƣҪע⣡Ҫ취ȥŪɽȪľҪѲصģƽѵط󣬻Ҫ


342 
Ӧ˵⣬ǿнŭѹȥһۣȽƷѵǱߣǱߵط϶ãҲŪ̫ྫ𾫽ѲصģԽ٣Խϲ
Сѵصʱ򣬾˵һׯ԰ֵƣҲҪ췿ݣʱˣһ羰㣬ѵǱҲһƬԻ͡
СҸӦϹƣڵ۽ԽԽˣԺǼҵӿ϶֥鿪--ڽڸߣ
ӦЦһ£ŮԴ׹֮ԽԽˣСһߵڣȫŮĹͣ
һ㶯ûС
Ϣǹδһ֪ˣ׷˵ѾöƵģ˵ӦСɵģȻҪ˽ţ
ǽׯˣۿѾͽɳףȥġ
Сдţ˵˽ɻȥҵ
ڻһʱʲôֶûУֻиַʶ϶ûУҵϸûˣνɻؼңڻǺϲֻɸ˸ϣڣʽΪҵˡ
ɵĶʧǸڶӺò׻ˣҪķеĶӣҪŶӵλҪڻע⵽ѾˣǸţ
̫̫޼ˣһطڻķӷһֻܳԺȣĲʹӾѾǲˡ
һֱڻ룬صһʲôʳɽ亣ζӣȴû˹ôʵֻһĺӣĸеɳӣ׶Ҳܲģûпɽ֪Ҫô
ǰһжҪʴӣʽ֮ҪȥлӦϵĶ飬ûӦ ûڵȻصңҪ¿ǲܷŵʵ
ڻҪȥӦϱԻ֧֣ӿӦϣ֪ǲǸƽŮӣǲûеĸһӽţﻹҲᣡǸŮˡ
ڻͽһӦϼҡ
ӦǿЦڻҲţ϶ֱӽɸϳȥѾ˵ôףȻ
ӦϽĶȥʾӺͽ֮Ҿûϵˣͽɸûϵ
ҲϲеûģʲôԼҵĶչ˲һʺһģлңүúùĺӾУ
ȴֱӹڵϣңҾӦТ˳㣡
ӦϳϵЦȥү𣡡
Ӧ̫̫㲻ǫˡڻڡ
Ӧú˵ýСڼңͽСд
ɿӦһ˼ĺƲϵСһһүһİˣи
ڻҪ漸죬˵ߵķ羰ܺãСֱӽѾӦС˵;ȥ档
ڻȴں
ȴµĲУԼͽѾԼ֪ڽѾȻӦСһˣ͸Ӳ¶ˡ
ڻߵﶼ˵ӦСͽѾ飬ģϽһֱڴߴ٣ͺͽһ뿪ˡ
ӦǱ߽һ鶨ӦϺҪӦ֪ͨӦϴ󣬻ֻ
ŭģڴˡ
ӦС׵飬ӦҪѾӦϼҳޣԺӦǱǽѾңѾϽұϾϵ
ˣŭΣҪ㽫ǼȢţѾǼˣ飬ùʲôϵ˾ˣҪҪˣ
ϿӦС಻ӣ̾
ϼһֱһԸùһֱܾұ㿼Ϲȥù˵ⲻҪģҲˣҪŽСˮԭҪֲܣû뵽ǾȻҪҪӦϳϽѾǸҪ߱ĸĹŮӴ˸Ѿɽ
ӦСźϵӣԶԣϲǽСǸˡ
ϱɫࡣ
ӦϴյӦɵæϷϻһţʲôû˵ֱӸӦСһƣʮ
ӦСİƤʺָӡûҪɹӦҽչǸүһ˶ʲôӦϴһƣֱӽˡ
ӦСһȵڵϣѪ˳
Ӧ϶ϹǰҪӦϴ󣬡磡
Ӧϴѹͷŭ𣬺ɸֵĿӦСͽѾףԣӴԺǵ
ԣӴվſڡ
ӦСڵϣίĿӦϴ
Ӧϴӣһû뵽ΪСӾȻżͬͽѾ


343 ʳ
㿴Ҳûã㲻ҪȢȢּ֮ңԼﲻˣ
Ӧɰæ飬СҪ;
סڣﺬ๩飬¶֪ʲôб±ƼбԼȥӦϴһӣ˭鶼á
Ͽǰ
ӦϴǵӣҪӦɽһߣҲûӦС£ϲû˵ͬ⣬һҪӦСҪֵһ
֪ԹԼɫ԰ף˵
Ӧ϶飬磡Ѿͬˣͬ˰ɣ
㲻飬ֻҪǵһ𣬾ԼȥҪڼ
Ӧ϶˵֪ͨӦ˵ʲô
ӦСᣬӦϴ󣬡ǶԴѾƫ治ˣ
ǾɼҪҺͼ￴˼ҺأʫһԼȥϷչѾϷһϯ֮أҪйͺͽѾȥƴүģ˾˺ӵģûһǮϵ߱ĸһӦϵ˵ȫ̸ŵģѾݲݶ嶤飡ӾȻˣ
ӦϺϹӦϴ״ӦϺǰҵĴûӽãҪڴǰ̧ͷ飬һᴦã
ӣӦϺҲ᲻ϳȥԵͷҲã
ӦϺæ˵ϿСҪģҪʳҪ𣿣
˼ҿԣΪʲôԣȻûǸͲҪ˵£ԼˣȥŮˣǻʲôһͷײǽϣӦϴ
ӦСҧӵվֱֱĿӦϴ󣬡ҿʳ
ãϳף
ԭҲҪˡ
ѾѾ£κȡ
ҪȷϺ˭ģѾϸӣǴɵģźӹȥ϶˵ʲô
Ѿͬ⣬ֻܺӦСҲֻͨӦСܽӦңӦϺϾҪ϶ˣ
˵˽ɵĺӣȥңЩլˣ֪ľܽŪ˵ԼҲɥ
ӦС͵ѾϷˣ
ѾҪŻ£ǿѹţС磬ǲǡǲǺˣ
ӦСĶͷǣԺҪίˣ
ѾĻƤֱʲô¶ˣ
ҡҵҪǳ֮ԼȥڼӦСҧ˵
Ѿɴ۾
ӦСͷӦϴ˵Ļ˵һ飬ѾԸԸҹӣ
Ѿͫһ ˲С磡Һ㣡㻹ǻȥɣ;ǰ;һƬܶ
ҲҪʲôǰ;ֻҪ㣡ֻҪԸңҿ϶ãһҪϺӣӦС֡
Ѿﲻģߺ޵ӦѾͬˣھȻҪǳȥ
ӦСӣҪȥæȰ˵С磡ҶԲ㣡˵ҪӦСףΪԼӦС˵ڳȥһӾͻˣܳȥԼ
ӦСҲӣǵѾ˵Ǹϣô죿
Ҳ³Կֻ࣡ҪߣҪʲôԣ
ңҰѾӦСĻޣȴŶԲߡ
Ӧϴ̬ȼᶨ˵ѾӦϼҳޣӦСӦˣСҲˮŭѣ˭飡˭Ϊ˵һ仰ֱӽϳӦңӦС׵飬͵а취ԼŮˣѲҪڼŸƿһ𣿣
һ˼ɫͣ첻˵
ÿϴ棬۾׳һ죬ץӦɵ䣬ܵܵһˣ
ȱĵ㣬ͷϣСϰˣڳˣҲӦóȥһ£ӦȰ˵ӦϴֻȰ˵Ͽ㡣
ӦׯӦˣҶһһסǼﺢ̫ˣס²ŷּңӦС׾Լȥģͷһ
ӦСϹ۾һЫȥףûһͬġ
Ͼ͵˻ڣӦϴֻ˶ʮȫȨӦɴ
ʲôû׼ ֻӦĽӣҵİæ̧
ӦϺͺֱӲ¶档
ϺӦϴɫĽ˵Ĺݡ
Ӧϴżӹ񣬡Ͷﵱһӣ
мģӦϴ󶼽ʾӦҵĲƲӦСһҲֲ
Ѿ޵߬ȭͷǿѹŻ£Ӧϵ˼ǺԼƲϵ
ܵĽ¾꣬ӦϴóʮӸӦС֮ǰ˵ģھͰȥԼԼ


344 
ӦСôӣֱӰȥģԲ˵
Ѿͬ⣬СӣӦҵĺӣҪСȥҲֻóʮӰ
㻹٣ӦСҪȢ㣬ӦȥʳǳˣҪˣӦҵĲƲӦСӦϴŭӦС
ӦСҧýѾ˵ǻԼԼԼģ
ѾС磡аǲԼԺ󻹻кӰ
Ͼ˼.ˣ
ԣӦСҲ۾ŽѾҪˣ
ҧ촽
ճףĺβ;ͲزסˣھŷּҲʲôֱӴССŮɼҵ׼ǧĸ̫̫ƵĿϼﲻܣܲܣܲܿżҵ׻ֳȥǧСˣ
ѾҪ֣ӦǻˣֵܷĿ϶٣ǱСģӦҵǲԴ
ӦϴӦС಻ӣһ˫۾·Ҫһ㣬ӦС˵ʲôģΪʲôôӦҵģб˵˵ҵҪӽѾѧж಻Ҫ
˵ԼԼԼԼ˵ôӦС
С磡
ӦСȰ˵ѾԼԼģҪϺӣң
Цˣ˸жӦүô־Ӧ̿ɲҪʲô˵
㲻ƽǾӦģѾ֡
ԼԿ˫֣ӱģ綼Ҫȥ
ѾݺݵĿ裬СҵӣǲǿҺСһˣˣ͹侮ʯ
͵ĿǣǿӦ̸µҪǿѹţҪп
Ѿͫһһ亹
Ӧϴ뿴Ǹӣ˵мģ䲻Ӧ
ӦСǸйˣֱӷģҪģԼԼ
嶫иƾɵķӣӦϴϷʰֱӰȥ
Ѿ벻˼ļ޽Ӧңһûϣ˳û취ƶӣ
С磡ȥҰɣѺү˵ˣмҲҵģһȥҹ;ԺҪٵģܹû˰
ӦСȿʼüΪжѾģҿ϶㣡

Ѿ˵ʲôӦСֱӴϣҪ˵ˣѾ
Ӧϻȥ·ϣ̲ס죬ſɣѾĺӾҪʼˣѼҵļǼϱСӳũææʱȥɻʱ붼ûˢ
СҴȤǾѾźţ
Ӧ˿ĭѾߣǳԷԲˣ
СǸܣ˲ӿ϶öӹӣǱ߿϶дǼҿߵģ˵׼˼ܹϸأ
ǾͿǵܹжãӦϺ͸˽ѾڸӺ͸ӦС˶ʱҪõģ
С̾˿˵׼ὫСˮûµʱͲҪȥˣ
Ӧһ䣬ҪģԺǡ
Ӧ˵Ҫ򼸸ţСҳֲֹӣôΣյңֲӣôҪƵģ
ӦϿһۣҲҪÿԪ㶼ó飡
ԽԽױ˶ϣֻЩģģȫģСЦ˵
˵
һ˵ѵǱѾˣǼȥɣСҽ顣
ӦȴͬסĺúõģɶҪң
˵˵ЦЦҲû
׵ӦСͽѾȥϷӦϴ⿪˴˵
ϿűϳȥĶӣһᣬڴ²ˡ
ӦСܣ֪һҪ˶ԽѾĹֻۣȰ˵ѾԺڼǰõ㡣
ѾĨǵĸӦС˵е顣
ӦСıģ˵ģҪˣ
ѾͷӦСһѽڻİ˵ѾҪܿˣΪͶӣҿ϶ŬҪԺķ⣡
ѾŬҪһӦСȥȥ˵Ϊ˷չӦСҲչ㣬㽫ԼҺ£
ӦСҲھᣬһճ׵ŮӷȷʵĲ£ڴѾУãһ


345 Ե
˵ӦСʶ˲廹Сˮֱӱˡ
Сҿ϶ӦСȻｪСңʺۣȢ˸ͱ˰ݹõĶΪһţûӡ
ӦСֱӸ˵ӲˣҪȥĵط
ӦС㵵ĿţүĪ˵ʲô
ûɫ߱ĸĶ㵱żףΪСϲ㣬˼ӣϹ˻ῴ㣿
ӦСǶǱϹ˵
Ϲ˵߱ĸİӣԿģ֤ݶǰҺȥҽӽɣȻҩףǱȽɴһȥңѵҲϹ˵ģǺ
˵̾ͲˣǷҲҵʦӦСţѾСҹˣС˵ƨģͷ
ӦСֱȥҷӣȴֱӽ֮⣬ѧ˻ӦүԵˡ
ӦС߬ӣΪ˶ӦϺͽСҺãڴѾĽȴûһŭǣԼϣ
Ѿ˵ҧС磡ҲãүԭͶСҺãСҽȢţ϶ˣ
ȥѧŹģǲܾܾң
ѧֱӽӦСˣĴһҲģֻҪйģԽѧǻ̼ţ͸ûɾܾ
ӦСҺѧãسһСĺԺհϾҪ˲Σźӡ
ӦСüͷ
ѾĻң֪Ҷ޶ûаģֻϣҲ㣬ӣүΪңģ
ίӣӦС§˽ ýͣίˡ
ίСһʲôҸģѾĿк
ӦСû취ӸߣѾҪ˿š
ϢС˵ˣдűģСƺðɡѾǸöӦСҲòȥ
Сҵͷ˶ŵ㡣˵ͼæϵĻˡ
æС㣡ӦСǸĹεģ֪ѾѾĽ˷֮ʵеĿˣ
˵Цš
ӦϴʱϷƵĸǴ˻СҲҪȫӦңԺӦϷƷÿֻǮͱ顣
ľׯ˶࣬ҪӦҵĶܶ࣬Сû취ֻھƷ˼˰æһƸơ
գ۾͵ũæʱ򣬹ˡ
ӦϴûȥϷڴ飬ũæߣӦϺӦСĺˣҪ
Ͽƣѯʣ磬˵ģСоģ
Ӧϴ˸Ź⣬ŤͷӦ϶һۡ
ϵæˣҪɶӦ϶üͷ壬õĿ
ϼӦ϶ӣһ䣬Ҳ
һһҪǸ¶ôʰ㣡
Ӧϴһۣ϶㻹ûȥϷͷ͵˵һ£Ҳȥ
Ӧ϶ͷðûأ
ϼֱӽԼˣˡ
뿪Ӧϴɫ˲ҪӦ϶ܺˣҪٳ¡
ջżȻСҳȥʱָũƭˣȥС˵ǵ飡˵ҪŪƣһδβɹѾͷһŪͳˣ֮ǰ˵ϼףƼ̬ȣֳ¶Ҫٳʲô⣬Ƽ˵ǶϾϵ
Ӧ϶ҪһӦϴĻĹƺӦϵǿζһ㣬ЩƷһӾܳİɣڼȫǸ缸ˣǳҪ£Ҵ
СǺԺ϶ΪСҲǸŬĺӣʱ Сǰ;㣡ޣԼ˸˶
ӦϴҲͬϧˣǸѾͷӦССҳˣǼӦСͽѾſڱ׵ӣɵ̾һ 
ǶӦС ׵һֱֵţũæڡ
ϻǵĹӣǴգæ͵ƣܶϾƣӲȴ׵ġ
ϵĲ٣ܶ໹ڵûջأ۸˲٣˵ƣǷ׷ϣʳû࣡
æŽףջ
ƷǷż٣ҪǸϽȥʳ꣬ʳҪڵˡ
ӣͻһꡣ
Сͳȥˮе㣬ðϻǽҲˣ
ӦϿӻʪ͸ˣҪȥ׼ϴˮ͸ɾѣô껹˲Ż


346 Լо
СЦţøӦϿ㿴
ӦϿĴ㣬ɴ۾ôǲˮץˣ
ҴˮеģСԺȥнСң㣡㿴ҵսƷ
ЦȥнѾСүͳүü㣬һʮأ
СҲ¥
ӦڸأʮôһһҲԲ꣡
С󿴽Сҹǰ԰ڣ˵ġ
ٿһۣңˣ
С˷ۣҲҵĹʹֻǰæץһ£
С˵ģϽȥϴ裬Ҫˣ
½Ҳˣž¥ըϺʵģŪ㳢
ã㿴Ūôһ㣬Ūȥ¥ɣӦüǮӦϴ㡣
½Ҳޣܴ󣬡Լ԰ɣô㣬Ūأ
Сһϱ£ΧȹԶִ㡣
Сæǰæһܿͺˣ½޽Сҵĳձ¥ĳӻҪãĿȫϯˡ
һΧϿĵĳ˷
һ߳һ˵ţʱͺˣ½ͻȥˡ
Сһѧ书
ӦѾ½ףȻ½ģǳòǸµģȻӲϲȴƽĺҪϲˣԵ˵ҪͽСһѧ书֤ѧϰ£ֱͬˣͽСһ飬ʲô鶼ã
һӦͬˣĵĲУӦϼң½ˡ
ȻǽСҵķӣǽСÿ춼æƣѧϰʱ䲻࣬ûСвĵطʣʱ䳤ˣýӵѧʱѧеķӻҪã̵ĴҲԽԽࡣ
䣬Ӹġ
ӦϿżӵӣο
ũæ֮Ӻ϶ˡ
Ʒʼÿÿϣֿļﻹ˹ӣʼһơ
ӦϴԼŪĸƺͽСҵıȽϣҪ˶
ƼҵĸƻҪǵĺáӦϺһ£ζһǺ͹ŮҵĲһ㣬ôʱһֱоҲûо
Ӧ϶ҲˣžƱ˿ϸɫҲ̫һ
Ӧɸоһģǵĸƺ͹ùüҵĲ裬һİôζ᲻һأ
ܻǼ죬㶫һ򲻵λǲһӦϴ
ӦϺͬǹĸñǣԺֿ
Ӧ϶ͷ漴ʼǡ
ӦϴҪȥϷʱˣϱǱֻӦһæţʱ䳤˿϶æƽƷ飬Ҳæ¾ƣҲ£ǶӣҲо¾ƣƤܴƼоһǾѧһҪԼģ
Ӧ϶æеĻӦ϶ҪоҪģƹζ׾ƣ
ӦϺͷżһļƻӦϴȥϷ
÷Ϻдһţ˵˸˼ңҪϺʱʱһˣԾֱӶס
ᣬۿŵٶ
۵ĲУִҪͽСһôȰ˵ҲС
÷ޣŲϻں壬ʱһ֪۷ǲܹߵûӣǺŻ᲻ģӣҪǱ˿ȥˣҪҪˣ
ɫһֱӲܲʣʱʱˮˣ
Ǹˮ𣿣ȻûϣӦģʵʵӣǽѾǸӣ㿴ڹĺ𣿣һͲˣ÷ˣȻܣôԼãֲܺĲܡ
֣ҲޣҲҪȥ˵˼ң
÷ܻΪԸģǺ㶪ˣ⸱ҪҪҶ㣡ѾдţҪٲԸ⣬͸ŴһȥϷչ
ҪҿԸССϲš
Ȼ˵ôҪĻ÷ָһƣҪٲģԼھ͸ҹȥϷ
ѸٺϽﱧڻ˵˵ɣʲôû磬û˽̸˵ˣã
ɣҿʲôãҪҪ飬òűˣԼŪ˵꣬÷޵ͷҲص뿪 
Ӧ￴÷æ﷢ӦСͽѾ飬ԽСİĽ֮ҲֻܵΪֹżİš


347 棬ύ
Ӧ϶ûиһߣҲ˸ó׵ʱһҼҵıȶԣһҶ˼Ӧ϶ֱҪҪˣҪ˰Ӧ˼ҡ
ϻӦСͽѾУ˵ڸӦ￴˼ң³ʲô©ǿž֣ҪȥʹƼ˵ɣҪæûкʵģСڼæƣʱ࣬ȥϵ̫̫߶ʱҲ԰￴ŵ㡣
Ӧ϶Ҳÿԣȥ˵ˣϲ⣬ҪƼԼĺӶæԼĹŮܺ˵ҿʲôõģһңŮȥ˾̣
Ӧ϶ѵ۹⣬ܿж೤ԶʱеûģʹƼһ˼Ҹ̫̫߶߶
 ǾϱԶһҲȥ˼ΣĻɶɲ꣬ʱȥύ
˼ɻ̫ˣӦѾ㣿Ӧ϶
ɫһ䣬ûǸ˼ȷʵûʱȥύĹŮ£ʲô𣿣ô֪Ƽһѡĸã
߽ǳһòûҪ˵
ϲģӦȷʵʶ˶࣬ҪæŵҲǲãʹȶһ£õġ
Ӧ϶ͷʱ˳ӦϼӦ˵ʱ׵飬ҪӦ϶æһ㡣
Ӧϲͣ󷿵ӦСͽѾףǸ¶ģɲԺе˵
Ӧ϶һۿӦϻΪӦСûأ
ӦûĻʲôģ
ӣ˵֪㱦Ůˣɩû㽫ãѾȥˣ˰ɣԺҪùأֻһùð㲻ܾû˹ˣɩĿǳҪǿõˣͺһ˵ Ӧ϶Ц˵
Ӧ϶ĻֱӽӦϾܾ˵ˣӦϲپܾаɣΪֶŮҰæŵ㣡
Ӧ϶Ц˵죬Ҿ˵أǿǻľһüԺ϶дչС¶æ
Ӧϵ˸Цģ˵ٺҲֻæҲҵĵأ
ľУȽĻ£Ū
Ӧһ죬תƻ˵Ƶ飬еĹӻǷչƣо׾ƣǰ׾Ƶģѣֶ𣡡
Ӧ϶ͷҲô˵ģеˮƶͲŪ׾ˣŪӶģȰ׹гȥŪ
Ӧ϶ʱ䲻ˣҪӦæ뿪ˡ
ȵӦϼʱ䣬ϵļ̫̫Ľύѵ档
ѵصʱмСˮСҪŪˮֽˮԴͨˣ˻ˮ峺ס
ѵصĹܼҪ˺ɻ̵ģʤա
ˮԱߣСҽ˼ӣǸĵطԳҲԴ洢
ʱӦϾǰҪʰˣҪ׳ȥӦׯӦ
ʱ̫̫ѵء
ӦϺͽСЦŽӭȥԲƷơ
иģиɩӵģܶİףͬ˻ܣ໥ʶޱȡ
ǰ˵˼ҵģڼˣȥׯ԰棬ܱû뵽ƼŪ˸ԴǼҲմ⡣̫̫Ц˵
һ̫̫ҲŸͣղŹʱͿˣѼܣǲǻмСϪƼܸأ
̫̫˵˵ЦЦ
ӦϹЦڼˣɢɢģ죬ѻأѾˣǿȥĸŪĸϵʱһƷƣ飡
̫̫ѾȲˣҪӦϵĺþƣӦϾҪ裬׼õľҪСҺӦúдС㣬ȥϵ档
Ӧ֪Ӧϵ⣬˾ۼ˳ǽԼ̫̫ǵǰҲҪԼûкøеġ
ûϼ׵˼СҲûоֻһ˰ţܳ£Ūˣ̫̫С㴩Ŵ綼ܺãҲ־ʮֵľԱ߾ήҵķ
ӦϿӣ΢΢üȥ̫̫˵ЦԭзģǷͲֻ࣬ﲻзЩá
ʱ÷ѵһһ£ҪһǲģЩЦ绨СǣӲˡ
ӦΪ񣬼ﻹạ̊́СӦܺãһҲʹ죬Ӱ飬Խһߡ
ҪʹСӣǰˣҪ鷳úñ֣˵׼бĻᣡ˵˼ңСǱ߸ ֻܿԼ֣ǵĹעˡ


348 潻
ίĲУۿдת
Скȥϵأ˰ɣȥϵϣ湻˻ͿԴ򿪳ԣʣ
СһȤȻԹϣûмϳڵӣҪ˵ѡԣ²ĸŽСһϵ
еӶҲţ㵽ʱæһ˺ƺƵȥϵء
ÿŪһǳԲˣǮҿôС㣬üڡ
СЦˣԼģȻԼ꣬ҪôȾͻˣ
ôϣһһ϶Բ˰
Ҫͽһ԰ɣͲõķŻˣ
Сװ࣬˭ŪľҪ˭ԣ
С㱻ŵˣ˲䰲
ЦǺŪǵģǳԲϣÿԺСѧƣ˭Ū˭ߣ
С׹˵ЦűʾҪƵط͵ߣ
СЦŸ˵Ӧôѡϡ
СŵӶˣҼǵǰǹũ
ЦҡͷǣҵĶϱֹϣҪæ˵žͽϱ˹
С˹̸ѡõϡ
ڹϵ湻ˣԼĹϻ
ӦϿض飬ż̫̫Ҳȥϵ˭˭Уȵá
Сǽϴ򿪣Сҵõģ˳Ҫ䡣
Թ˾ҪСҽôƣֱһŪһ̳ӡ
Ӧǰ½ǱߴкԵǾ¥еʲˣһʮ㡣
һųԷ죬С㸧ˡ
Ӧ￴ŸٵĶС㣬ĽѣղƵʱֻжСϸģǼмõģƣǶŽСģޱȣԼͶС㻹ĺԶ
иζСҶԶС̬ȺܺãԼҾãûôвţ˼ңųӦõİɣ
ҹķˬģ̫̫Ʒžƣ߻ˡ
СһŽС˵Щ£СһʱʱĽŻǣһֱҹǲ˯¡
ڶ콪Сһ󺹵Ļصѵأϴ˸³
ԵĶǴɽժҰˡ
Ƕ½ʱ򣬽СҵķĲˡ
˯ôСǡ
СЦ˵ΪôѼܻкܶó棬û뵽һϾȻһûУڼ˯ĻҪá
˵ҩݣѵҲ˺ܶó㣬óͲˡ
Ǯ㴲Ƿóҩߵʱ¡˵Ӧϸĺɰ㡣
СŤͷ衣
ЦſǰļλС㣬׼ˣСǻȥʱзݡ
緹ڵţһһ˵ơ
ʱһŽСҰŪơ
һֱǲľˣСţûµľ;һ˵˵ϦʱȥңȥͶƣʱԿ˭ãҪ˰æ
СͽСʮĵקŽСҾҪߣ˵ȥҴ죬Сҷ˺ܴ˵ͨС㡣
ߣӦۻˣ϶Цģʵ۶أദڵɻҪأ
СҰĦǰٵʱ򻹾û£˶ˣǲǾ÷Ѿˡ
Ӧ϶һ֣ΪǼѾͷҪŲȵȥأ
ӦҲЦˣùãô˵ҲŮ
ӦЦŴȤǿһĨЦ
Ͽ˻ʺЩ̫̫Сദô
Ӧȿڣùú̫̫ദĺܺãСССģСǵĹϵŪǢߵʱǹƺһЩСС̫̫뿪ʱǴЦߵġ
ԺҲȥߣҪڼҪСұСʵǻȲСأЦ˵
ǵѧҿμСһֱճСңСʲôҪѧ˵ںСһԼأ
̾˿ϧˣôõĺӣһʱûˣ̣ˣʾӦͷﲻҪɵ£
СһţϧŲϲСңһҪСӴС㣬ȴ˽ѾУڹű˱ӵҪԼҲŶˡ
ϲ⣬ƼÿʲôôѾӣӦʲô鶼ҪϱûʱȥʶЩ̫̫С㣡ҪɻҲԺ̫̫СһƬ
Ӧﳹʵˣ֪Լûᣬ˶ԽСִƷУҺүүѧưɣСѾˣҲǼạ̊́ܲʲôᡣ
ƽʱæŹŮеĻɣ½Ů۵ˣƲϤ


349 
Լÿˣóģγȥ濴˼Ҫѧ´˼Ūģ㻹Ҫѧ߲ˣܾУЦ˵
Ӧͷ
Ҫϸ·Сҵ·ܲǲ˵ҪȥңǾ͸һף򼸼Σ
ĹŮ·εǮǰռСӶǮģϼҪǮܸˣСҵ·ֵƣ˵һƥҪöأ
ϵĺɫ˲ʲô鶼˼Ǻñȣȵù𣿣ͷҪӣСҲÿ·ô󣬺ֻһף
ϲСÿ·Ǳ˵㣬ƼøŮǮСС󴩵ľûôã
ڸϣԣһң̫̫سǵģʱۻ϶ʶˣӦϽӴ򿪣ǴϷĲƥҪС·ŤͷżѾߺ裬Ǽ룬ŪʲôΣ
ƴ룬һʽһʽŽԼСõġ
죬ǵŮãСѣҪԼˣ幤ܣûԼĺá
ҲУʱµʱܸСװŮװĻͲˣʶ࣬εĻ˽⣬ַӻܶࡣ
Сҿæļˣ岻ϻһѾˣ⼸˾Ȼô
·εҲԺ϶յԼӣÿγȥһ·
ϴӦ棬Ҳˡ
ϺӦ˵ð·ӦйĲƥóҪСѡһ£һ·
Ӧæҡͷ˵Ҫ
ӦЦˣû£ǶǴϷģ򲻵أǼ·ȥҲÿ
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迴ŷ裬ūСģֻСһˡ
ӦĵͷԹŮģҲ͸ˡ
СÿæƣˣðæƣȴҪоѰ׾ơ
һѰ׾ƺܿˣΪǰƻз׾ƣζӦƷﳢ׼ȡأ
Ӧһڣ˵ϡ Ūϡģ
ҲףѰ׾ôأ
С죬֪ҪʲôϹŪǣҪһ£ôǺŪȥ
ӦЦŴ˴ţ
ζӦҰҰ죬Ҿƣ
Сҵͷһģܺȵ̫죬󾢴󣡡
ֻҪ¾ƣСҶҪӦƷΪľӦƷƣԼƵģܲƵĺû֪ԺչҪѧˣҴȥ϶ҪЦ
ӦСҵģһ򣬡ȸƺúȣζӴ񡭡˵ζִӾɫϺͽС˵˵˵˰죬õİطŪȥѵصľƽС
贫ţʽСҵ¾Ƶôˡ
СҽŪƺͰҪȥһ㡣
;С̳ţӣ쿴СԽԽˣھȻôСľ̳ˣ
Щƶô̳װģߣ־Ĳ٣ʧʻߣԺ
˵࣬ģѾˣиС̳أ˵꣬Ҫ;ȥľƾҪƷ
ѾƺͰضҾƣϸϸƷ֮̾Ʒôġ
˼ʱ;ͻȻӣ콫
ɫһ䣬ϵľƷ
ҪˣѾˣֱ͵ʲôأζģδȵûˣ
߳硣
СӶʲôβˣ游ҲҪĺþأ˵ţĻֺݺݵһľ㡣
һ;ɫҲÿ
˦ӰﶼǾ㣬Ͻó֪СкöĻЦ˵
ػûнѲأζô־ãȴǽС˺ܶƳģζء
ɫӲˣСĸֻǳ˳ûüƷͱĻ͵ûˣڽСҸ¾ƣĻĸѸˡ


350 
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費Ըſڣþ
;תݣղľóŰصλãɵø̣ϴξǲˣξȻ
Ļϲƣһ˵Ǻþơ
迴һۣߣ
ˣĻϽЦҾͳߣô˵ţûߣȴֱӺһֱ࣬ȵĻλƵˣ뿪һһ죬ƲͷҶŪ㣬ǮҸ㣡
ʹĿŻһ׵ľ̳ӣҪ;ʰãȥСң
;ĽպãŰš
˹ʱ򣬽Сơ
ܹȥС㣡׹
СæأͷҲֱ̧ӷԸԺ͵
СҰæϵ·ˮʪˣСҸˮ̳һС㣬ЪЪɣʣµҪū
СҼҪԼ
ӭţϲ衣
Сæʲô 
Со¾ƣıˣԼʵش
üͷ΢壬ȡ
СæʲôˣһֱϵĹŪ꣬˵ˣ˵һ׹˵һ£һϴһ£
һ ҪȥѾ˵С˵Ҳżʰꡣ
Сҽʪ͸·Ҵææϴһ£ϸɾ·¥
Сۺ죬һ˫ںڵӣʮ鶯ĺʶ˶ùӻأ߾Ϳʼˣ
һҲ֣ʱ̣ùӣȥ¾ôСڰʡ
ڽС󣬰ӡ
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СҺ˿ڲ裬ôúãٴߣ
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ֻССľյһֵơ
к̫ˣҲգ
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Сʱʱشһ䣬ȴ̫ȾƣִʱѾȵĹˣߵ˵Զɢž㣬ϴ趼ڸǲȥŴ˱Ҫʱһ㶼ȡ
ӣתƵ¾ƵۺͽѲط档
߽ţС㣬µѺβ÷ˣ
СҪȥһ£ûҪ˸Сȥ
ͷ뿪
׼ҺҲвٹŮÿγŵʱҪѣΣǻûŵĹҪúô硣
迴ӣʣҪţ
СҵͷţģԼһ¡
ǵѵغܲǸĺõطǸȥ˼һ£
СЦ˵Ѿ̫̫СˣҲΪȥأһҪȥǶҡ
ϵĶңԶӡµƷÿҪܶʳƣԶԸׯҴ󻧶ӡ
Сҿ϶ʶͺͰѯʶҵ
ϾҪʮˡдžᣬֻ̫˵ҪҪȥ
ˣֻǺͶСദĲȥˣСЦŰ֡
ͷ˵Ժƣʳ󻧶˵һ£ԺǹƣҪʳƣʱҪʳ󻧳ں
СͳٴѧûصңûСң˵Ʒߣ͹ˡ
һžͿͽСҶ˺ܳʱˣٵ˲
СͰк
˺һ£뿪
Ӧ߹øҪߣ׹ҪߣѾˣһ԰ɣ
Ц ֣ˣ߶š
СҽסҪĴ׳Ū̳Ӿơ
Ȱ뿪ССߣһ˫۾ģϵľƾǰ׹Ӹģ
Сҿһۣǰ¾ƵŪžƾң
СˣֻҪ¾Ҫеľƶ¢ϼľƣԽе˼ѽ


351 Ʒ
СЦˣ϶ȫֻһ룬ʣµԼţûôطѲأȥǮأ
ٵһֱڰľƾתƣСҪ˽ߣ׼
ʱգ۾͵ϦһˣӦϽʹСҴ硣
СҴӷ߹ԹǴߴٵ̫ˣûüԡ
ӦޣСҴʱ͹һԷʱٺҪʱû˹ȥ㣬ȥʱǧҪ¡ĹŮûύѣ¹Ů䵥ݺ
СһֱͷֱӦ˵ˣòŹԷ
ԷʱӦͷѾˣ˴Ķ׼õѣΡ
СҼæ˼ڣת¥һһ˵һ·
ģְսСҵҪ˸ͣŵ͵ʧء
Сѡһǰ·ûдġ
ɻ󣬡С㣬㲻·ÿ˰
ô㣬ôҡʲô
ӦͷﶼҪ׵ͣǸСӣûҪôע
죬·ƯĺܣôõĻС㾹ȻҪ·
Ĵ·СҴϣһ׺ܰ䣬ҲƥѵĻء
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ʰ¥ҪʱӦǰ涣һҪϳţں汣
ϺǮҼͷһȥ
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ССЦԼ
ң֪СҪҪˡ
һǰкܶ಻ʶˡ
СЦŸǽܣ漴ͿǮҺӦǵľùûУǿҪԵģҵı׼ǵĺã
ǮЦŴȤСһأֱҪǵģǾǼ죬԰£Ȼġ
СЦҪǱȣ
ļС˵ĺʣǰÿ궼һ帧٣͸ˣСҺӦﲻСʮѺá
֮󣬶Сżȥ̫̫λ̫̫
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СһͷһҪ轫²ҼԺҪصġ
ˣǶʶ˶̫̫ʹǳȥ棬Ǽ˵ˣȥǱɡ
Сż԰ûˣǿԾ棡
һţ͸о˿˿
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Ӧɴ۾ôȵǵﾹȻ˱飬ɲһ˼ҿŪġ
С㷢˵ģЦŽͣȻѾģȵŪ˵顣һֹƼӱӺúȣ
Ӧ￪ڣеľƱܳʱ䶼ûϵеĲܱʱ䳤ˣƻԭĿڸС˵꣬ͺ۽Сң⻹ӽСǱѧء
С㼸ȫûлɣӦǻ̵ŮĶȻģ£ʼ˭ľƸá
ȥѵ֮ǶѧϾƣʱԼĶҪ𣬽ûģЩûƵľƷƣ˵˭ĸá
˽õľóòͬıʢá
ûƵСϣ׷Цǣǿǹרҵ
⻰һͻȻһӵǴǺ֣ҪƷ
һ࿡ʵ߹󻹸żλӡ
Сɫ磡ʲôǲҪң
ԪЦ˵ԽԽûˣҴк˵ҵģ
СӦк
СҪֹ˾͸Ͻ 뿪ˣǴкˣǸϽ߰ɣ
ԪûҪߵ˼ǲҪƷƷһ£
С㲻ͬ⣬ԭͲᣬŮ֮ģһͣûǸ˼ˣҾƾô㣬»ûǾͺûˡ
Ƕͬ⣬ԪеҲסˣҸ˵̼ҵŮˣʶģ
СһæӦ


352 
Ӧû뵽ôнչˣ΢죬ɬʧǵǰкӺá
Ԫ¿һֱۣӿΪ߶Ķ⣬ǵһγ棬˵˼䲢ûжΪѣǼȻҪƷԼŪɣô࣬ʣµ㣡˵ʹ뿪ˡ
Ӧŵ񾭷
СѸк˿ʼƷ˵˭ĺõĶУ󲿷ֶ˵СңӦͷĺá
С㲻ˣǼǲǱˣôҵľͲˣ˵žһһƷ
˵˵ЦЦĵĲˡ
Ʒˣʣ²٣СҪȥ͸ԪҪ˽СҴľƴ򿪣һĲֺ
ҪСҽѧѾơ
öСѣСҲܾҪӦѧæ֡
ǿź棬ʶģһֱ浽ϡ
ýľֱӻؼˣСԶľס˶С
Ӧͷһ䣬СҺѡ
ڶ峿СڶҳԹ緹̻֮ؼңԼǵѾƶŪˣٳۻᣬٴƷ
û죬̫̫Ӧ˵
Ӧ֪϶ǿĸˣģӭӽš
̫̫ԭеĽСǿӦȫûǸ˼ҵֶŮûͿʼӦ
һ̫̫˵Ƕң˵ĶӦĺãֶŮǸģ ûʲôõġ
̫̫̫̫ɩӣҹϵһֱ̫̫ҪӦϰæӦû˼лͰæмǣߡ
̫̫ߣӦϾͽ¥ֵĽСҽǼûǸү
ҵϴѾӣСӦ˵ǶԪ
òҲƷû⣬ǸģˣСҵͷ
ӦϵͷСҾҪȥӦׯһˣȥ˵˵Ȼʾ˾˺ӵ˼öҿҾҪȥһⶡү
ӦϿЦеӣһۣһľ֪
˵Ҫ׳׼ȥӦׯ
СҪȥʣҪ˸СҪСسҲע㡣
СЩɻ󣬼ôԶô𶡼үͻģΪɶҪʶү
ֻûһƲ飬СҲö˵ֻǶһҪһ㣬ԽϸԽá
Ź˵ĶԻֿŽСǰţɫ˲ͱˣȥһ˶ңھҪ˼ҵʲô˼
Сֻӣ˳Լõ̽
źһһ
С̲סˣүǶүѾʮˣС㻹Сأ
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Сÿ춼ߣ㲻˵ʲôҲܿŵ˼үѽҪˣӦкĹ
ͻȻ뵽ӦС˶͸ˣϹҲסȥȥ㻰࣡
С˳ţϣūҲæȥʡ
ӦϺӦ϶˵ˣöҲԼȻạ̊́ȴǽ귢չģǶңǸ˼ңʳ󻧣Ҳ 
ʶԪƷôٺãҲȿˣ
ӦЦˣǴȥʱͿˣ˵ǳòƷǵôһ²֪
ӦϺҲҪӦ϶ȥ鲻ܹҪŮһ˼ٳ֡
Ӧ϶ͷϣߴߴɶأ
Ƕң˵ػûС⡭Խ˵Խ㡣
ô֪ôӦ϶ŮĻҪϲμӵԽԽãûҲ㿴Щãһˣӣ
ϲӦ϶ӣʲô˵ˣʳʲô˵ģеҲϡ棬Ƽ²üǧĶأûУ
ӦϺȫϣֱҪӦϰæмܣҵ˼в˵
̫̫̫̫ţӣҼ档
ϴӦϼңСͬӦӦ϶ϳ̫̫ҡ
̫̫ĴŶСͶԪң˴к
ϿŶ̫̫ɵӣŤͷ̳ŮӶǲģ˺øС
ϿҲëӦϺ̫̫̫̫˵ӣһͶǸ˼ҵӣʶĶżӣӦҲѾӣҲǸ̫̫ˣ
Ӧ϶ү˵ԱŶԪ
Ҳʱ޽ͷʱҲǮ٣˾ͷ飬Ԫһţʱʱ˵ϼ䡣
̸˶о
ϢСһ


353 
ҴǸŮǿˣڼһףĸǺãԪ¶ҿ˺öңǶ̫̫ͬ⣬˵ûʵģҪѡڸյģԺҲùе⡣
˹ȻǸģӦ̾
ûʮȫʮģҪӳԶϿӦҲڷչҲڷչѡöϱԼҪǵľͶˡ
ǴϱǸöԸģôͣ޹ȥɣӦϵĵʡ
СЦЦûôȥʱʲô϶ίǵϤˣ϶ͺˣ̫̫ȻǶԪ۵ۣԱ϶ˣ
ӦͬС˵ģСӣԺҪϱ϶һˮƽ˵ĸоͶĸá
Сسǻ˵˴Ϣһо죬СӦȥӦңӦǱߵ˵һ¡
Ӧ￴ŽСĵӣ׶룬Сȫû˼׵ϣҲֻǰŴ̽Ϣ
ӦԼҲˣӦϺӦ϶Ӧһо˵Ͷҵ²ȻԼạ̊́ǴӰ·չģܺͶ˼ҽѾǲˣԺķչҲа
ϲ⣬ԼѾǻˣΪʲôٵ˽ףٵ׼ңԺ󲻸а
ϵӣӦƤЦⲻЦĿɩӻǽ˼ɣĽټңǵ檶Ǻõģ˼ҵӶССѾǼˣ
˵ģ׹Ůһܸ·𣿶Ҳû˵Ҫ͹ټҽװôô˵ңϰһۡ
ӦһԼôҶˣ
ϵ˲
ϿһۣټʲϣҲҪŮ޽ȥܿ࣡ʱ㿴ˣʵۺ ǶұһãǸ·̣ܺͶҵ׼ˣ
ϳһԲϣƽ˵㣬ӦɺӦСȢĶǺõģӦСѾȢţ
ӦϺӦ϶źͶϵ
տʼ̫̫ӦϰæǣߣڶҪˡ
صӦϾŽСұԹģʱҲ˼ң
̫̫ӦϰҵݻܿҾͿʼ̶ˡ
Ǵ˼ңʲôǰ
һ׼ãӾͶˡ
Ӧ￴Ӧ£ĽĲУӦ䣬ʱ׵ʱﻹûչûҵôõ£Ϻӣ޹ȥ̣ױ˵׼Լö࣡
Ӧ޵飬Ȼʱ˵ǶÿӶǼƻϲϱ仯ļͥãܻܲԭĹ涨ԵСϲ̨棡Һ滹ӦСӦСԺȢϱôӣ϶Ȣõģ
ӦСȲ˵Ӧļױˣ޳ȥӦӦø˵
ӦȥҲԶǼĵؾԶֱӸӦӣҪӻȥô¶
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ӦϺͬ⣬ӦҵӦﲻļױǶ٣׬Ǯ
޺һһ̣ҲУϵ
ҵӦﲻģ˵үү̿Уû
СɫõĿӦ˵ҲζǱԺǮٲˣȻϴϱҵʲôĶӦǵģӦϺһ죬һֱӦϺûдʲô飬ӦﶼѾǼ޳ȥˣܲһѾˣȻ֪㣡
Ӧ϶һۣ㻹ʲô⣿
Ӧ϶Ӧﲻ˵ʲôˣûв⣬ҡҾĽ
ȻûôˣǰĹŮױ͵Ǽҵĳ̶ʮ˴嶼ûУүү̻˵̣ǣҪԺиȵ˭ͽӦ϶ֱӳ
ҵСתƿﻹһֱڲõ£ڿԷˣӶǶү䣿
Ӧ϶ѵŮѵŮŮϵҵ˵ţ¶ˣ꿪ʱ仹ڿҪѡգ
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÷Ӧ¶ˣżӦ˸ôõ£Լȴ붼룬￴Щ˼ң϶⡣
û೤ʱ䣬ϺŹƻˣӦϺӦ϶ԸٰĽӷ硣
˵ӦҺͶҳ׼ңϺҪӦϺͺϼæŵ㣬ҲҸõģﻹҪء


354 
ϻӦСȢѾУû˼￴˼ңҪСæ÷ܡ
ϻûſڣӦϺ͵һۣԼҵĺӻܲã˼ҵĺӲģ
ӦϺӣϻ߹˹ˣ׼еģ͸Ǽæ˵ϡ˵ļϱ
Ϻ֪²ңѾСˣȥͳϹŮˣߴ÷ϽѡѡõĶ
˵ڲϵĻʹޡ
÷￴ŷӾ󲮣ÿ˵·ӣҿȥϷɣĹܲסҲܲˣ
ϺˣϥûӣܵܵŮΪһ汼ҲûʲôڴͷϿֵˣ겻ѣһӣƴƴͼʲô
Ͻﱧڻֻһʱ߲ʱ䣡ʲô
Ϻˣߵʱû˵𣿣˼ҵ̬ǻ𣿣ôʱ߲
Ǹ˵кͽС£ҲӣϿŵСӦɲӦýû׵˵Ҫװţڳִ
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÷￴ŷﲻӣ۵ĲУҪϺͲϴߣˣͲˣ
ϺϷûվסţҪ˵ϼҴˣߣôʶˣҲġ
ϵӦҵģҪҲҪӦϰæ￴ŵ㣿
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÷߳󲮻Ǵ߰ɣӹٳʱҲŲ£ȥϷƽһҲá
ӦϺҲˣյͷ
ӦҽĹƽȥ׼ʰȥϷˣҪϴŷһߡ
ﲻȥֵ̿ĿӦϺ󲮣ҪȥزĵطҪɣҲвУ
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߷Ųߵʱ򣬶̫̫ҵӦϣѯʷ
Ӧһʷģʱüͷûй֣һԣһæ
⡭ҲͲҴˣݣͺֱ˵ɣԱĴӡȥûϱȻͲСˣǼûжӣһŮôһӣﶼǺˣϱʱ򣬻źأô촯ûãҲû˵һ䱧ԹĻ˵̫̫ԥĿӦ̫̫㿴𣿡
ӦҲ˵׼Ʋ̫ܳɣȻϲǲϺͲϺôƲҪֱӽĸ
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̫̫˵æͷ·Сĵ㣬ԼڼϢ
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һ˵ϺҪͲϴȥϷЩ𾪣ôʱ䣬ôͨˣ
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Ӧû˵Ҵϱ˵¶
СԼģӦӻҪ֪ͽӦϴԼ
ӦϽֱڿͷϸС˵Աҵ飬ҪͲϣ÷˵һ£вУԼ׼˼Ǳ߻ء
÷ҪȥĸﲻԼҵԱҵһȶԣ;ÿԣѡȻңûһԱҵ
ȴ⣬ɤӽеǶԷƫȻҪǷȥһϱǼĸǼҲ˳ۣǷһ
ӦϲȻûȫģ˼˵ģϴкﲻڼҾˣﻹкܶء
ϼӦСķгͲǸ˵µģӦͳš
Ӧϴһŭ
ؼҵʱ̫̫ѾˣСҸ裬̫̫ȥҵˣȥɡ
Ӧһˣ֪ôȻ˵ұŮǼӣҿҵʲôõģ
СѯһԱҶӵ˼һ£»Ҫ鷳ȥһˡ
Ӧŭ𣬡ȥҺı˵¿ηΣҲŲȥǸˣ
СЦŰ˳ҲҪȥӦׯôȥҵʱ̫̫ˣ˸ǸӦԼ̫̫϶ûǣӦ˵ϱڴϻչˣ;úʺǸ˼ҡ


355 ļױ
ӦɻĿŽСңÿУҲֱ˵˰ɣ
ﾡȥԡμǰͽҵģǲ⣬϶Ҳ˵ʲôģţǸˡ
˭֪Ӧϻûţη˾ˡ
֪ÿæĽŲմأʹŪĹˣҿɹûɹӦϴкֱ֮ӽƷڽСҵǰ
Сž̳ȥƫҰ㿴
С˵Ʒ˵ƵĲϡ
һӦµĺη˵˵
ηһǰµģʣƼɼչǸʲôˣǰùŮ½һ쿪ˣиӺʵģȻҪŮ޳ȥ
˵ûУǼиŮʮˡӦϴ˵ˡ
ηʵĺϸ漴ؼңקҪӦϰæٴ̽һ¡
̫̫ԼҲԸ⣬μ˼˵ţŮҲǲģǶŮǰʱԡ
ŲԼĹŮңʵ϶ȥҪǰ˼ˣǼҾûѡȨˣҲͬҪӦϰæǣǣߣӦˡ
̫̫Ϊ˶ӲģǶ˵ӲޣտʼһͻȻʧķȢޣ̱ڴûȥˣӴӴһ겻񣬼һ첻һ죬ϴμ񣬻˼ǸĹôͬԼҵ£
ȷμ˼ŶӦϼҡ
ӦϽţӵ̫̫ʲô˵ʲôӦϼӣͽ񱻽ƭ˵Ҳ˵ˡ
̫̫͵μΪɶῴӣ΢е㲻Ǵμ棬ǸĹҪӦϵȵȣȥͷһ¡
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񿴵ƽÿԣûκ
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ۿûϷˣϺȥϷ
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Ա֪ƣϲ磬͸ڳܴһƬأҪԼӦҲŪƷ
СˣԣӸһ룡
˵һѾˣû취ڣȴԾӪԺǰľҿ϶Ҫúû̬
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صĵͷȫԸһβУǾΣ
СҪŪӣ˵껹еӣʱŵ㡣
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ӦϺ׼¸ǸԺӣŪüƻ괺ܽӸǺá
ĵģʱ˴ԺӣҲѾӣʱʲôˣҲ˸̫̫ˣ
С͹ıߣҲ¸ԺӣһԺŪɼСԺӣסԺܵȢϱС
ӦϺСһļСĽҪҲԺҪôŪǶ룡Ҫ
ӦСҪסԺӣҪ͹ùüҵһǰ滹Ҫл԰
Ժӵö󣿡ӦС̫ͬӦϼһǾͶסһˣϲôˣԼһסȽϺá
Ӧ￴Сҵӣ֪С뷨ˣҪС˵˵˵
СҵڣԺ¼ң϶ҪæǾŪһԺһԺӵİɣÿסԼԺѺүԺӣȥӦʱ򣬿ģɡ
ȤҪСһСߴߴ˵ûꡣ
ӦϺżֵЦǽӶʱʦʣ˵ҪôŪ
Сۺ˵˼ջͼ
լӦϺ֮ǰˣøǷʽӦϺͽʦʦľ漴׼ǷҪõĲϣһ׼֮־Ϳˡ
ӦϻصԼķЦүƵôãǼҾͱӣ㿴ⷿ䣬һһģ·ûС
Ǽֻ⼸ˣ˶ˣҲŪԺӣ⼸ˣŪôԺӣס຦°СЦŵ


356 
ӦǺ˵ЦģҲϲһסһ𣬼ŵ㣬֡
Ѿס˶೤ʱˣ½ҪףҪ¡
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СЦ⣬ԼԼģʵʵż˰ɣ
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½ԭϵԺӽ˾¥ٺ½СӦϹȥȻ·ǱȲߣζߣҪ붼ŪȥǸ鷳£ҪӦٳ֡


357 ˭ǵ
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СȴûôöԸˣӦϣֵ
Сұˣʵţ
СֲͣΪ޵ҪҪء
СС岻ãʱ䳤ˣӦϺ²ԼףҪˣʲô鶼֣æʱҪŴʱ仹ԼţСӦĲУһӦϣͿֵղסˡ
Сû취ֻܴСȥ棬С棬һʱͲˣ湻ˣˣСҲŸιȥһࡣ
˭֪ĺͽͻȻˣССۿˡ
ҧڣҿСֵ͡͹֪ûӣźӵӣԹӦϣ½ˣֱȥϹӣ¼ܿ࣡
СʶӺͺģڽСҵ󣬺ĵŴ۾ˡ
СҿŽӣﲻˣ͹
ӱ齩ӲСңô˵Ҳ׵ŽС䵭ӣͺһۡ
Сһ˵㱻ϺĲᣬûˣ
СҵĻ˲׽Сһûܷ¹ȥܣ촽ɫ
ļӣæ˵Сҡ
û˵ֱ꣬ӱֹĹ죡ǸʲôȻҽС֣
ϹҲסзߺ޵ͬʱװĿС㣬ԭɣѪǰҲû취Ѿˣÿ춼ǣˣиǷŲüѾüû˯ˣۿžҪ˰
ȷʵüжӦټ޸ǹڻ˵ıƣÿ˯ţ۾ǺѪ˿˿ȥ˺ü꣬СҡǵԲǣҷǼҲӡ
СۿһߵĺģǼΪʲôɢԼ
ļСұͷһ
Ӧϼʹլͬʱʹ޺ģϺͽϺѹեӦʮ꣬ԼҲãһҪѾȥ˼ңҲմ⣬ʲôûˣѾѾ˼ӦСӦϳޣͽĿ׼˽Сҡ
ļСҵӣֱӹ֪ԹңҺӸɢҵĴСҪԹޣɣӸǣ
СĿǰˣһԲ
ļΪҧǰסСҵĿȣС㣬Դ뿪֮ÿ϶˯ãڳޣǼĵĲУŹģ㿴ӣ֪ԹޣҵĴʲôҪԹլǱߺҪˣҿһ첻һ죬û뿪
ӿίȫӣһСŮ¹ģϽ
ʱѾˣصǵĶľţǽʲôСʡ
СһǱӣзߺСҡ
ǿûû˿ллǵĺģϾҪ͵סһˣСЦۿŽӡ
𾪵ĿŽСң˵ʲôҪ½סһ𣿡
Ҳ½ľ¥϶û취ôˣǲҪһʱ䳤ˣ½Ӧƭ֣Ǯ½ˣ
СңǲҪס֪֪治֪ģôƲԺǻڵģӷĵȰ˵
Ҳ˵С㣡½ôᣬҲûӣڿˣʱͲˣʱίĻǼ
СҴЦֻЦⲻ۵ףźģ˼ÿ᣿
С㣬֪ԹңҵĴֻҪһܺúһԸ˳һιڵ


358 ܾ
ûȨǼָֻţ
һʱ˵
дŷŭСҿһۣ᲻þͲҪϷؼȥᣡ
ӼС˵ͨʹСǱ֣С㿴ң
ССûӦϵָ½½ɻĿŽӣ㲻ǣ½½ʱʱóԵģ棬϶½
קסС֣
߸˵꣬ӦϺ½͹ˣӦŪ˽ӣ½¥½һֻʵ򣬾ɱ˴š
СҼˣһСȥҵ
С˵Сֳȥ
½üЦС
СЦŽӦϵĶùǴʲô
ǰ˽ӣо¥⣬Ǵˣ½ӽԼĵĲУСǸССͷԴŽӺͺڣǹеģҲ϶ôܲġ
СЦŽ˻ؼңϽȥɣô䣬СһֱҪأµãֱ굽Ļˣ
½СͰŽú
߬ȭͷ˺Ӵʹ۾½סǺξģ
ҲվŭĿ½
½·ռһŤͷŽӣӣ㿴ƼӣСҵĺӣԼסʲôϵ㲻ҪͨϱǼң
Ӱ˵㡭ʹƼһ𣬾Ϊ˴ƼļҲ
½Цˣ˵ҪллأҪ㣬ҲдƼϱӲôļҲ֪ӦϿ϶˵һ˵һӦϵ֡
ʲôҲСǵĵ˼ƴƼģ
½ЦǺǵĿǾôƼڷˣҪּҲҪС֮ĶȾ֮;ڣҪǶϽҵܲҪʲô̶ȣ
˵꣬Ƚ˵ֱӽӦϻؼҡ
СҹߵЩͷŽӣ㲻Ҷ﷢ƢйǻûǰӦ
ҧŭĿŽСҡ
СЦһͷӦϣϺͽϺȴʲôұֳֻһֻĹӺӵĲУſھǴ
ӿż˵˵ЦЦĽţܡ
ᣬ˵ڽӵĻдʣӸ磡ңҵĴ
ӿ˵
Ŀĸ ˣӸ磡ҵĴ㽫Ҹ߰ɣֻǲһ𣡡
ίӣи߹ԼΪӦϲźԼģ˵ߣ
ľ׼˽һ㣬һֱƴװôʱ䣬ǵáǶǽӵˣʱ򱻽Ӹϳȥûطȥˡ
ӿӦϵĴţһ紵Ӳɾᣬ§źĻؼңǻȥɣ
ļæͷͽһȥ
½úͽС˵ӵĲãϾ׵˸ʱѽСңǺĲǸöԸģһҪСģ
Сҵͷ͵ʲô̧ͷ½С⼸ֵϸ˯ž˵Ҫһ𡭡
½ͷһæϽСҵĻˣ㿴ŵ⣬ˣ˵ͷҲصĳ˳ȥ
Сҿӣ̲סЦ
½ܵͣ½ŲȵССӦΪ˺ͺ飬ߣȥ¥϶ûϵʱ򡭡϶Ҫ˯һȽС˵ֱ꣬ӳˡ
Ӧǰȥˣھ¥ʰ½ʣզˣô죿
û¡û£½ЦŰ֡
Ӧװ˵ճ׾Ҫˣ
½ˣиˣСҡС˵Сһ˯ҡûͬ⣬ͻˣ
Ӧ͵ȷʵ˼ӣɶ
½İ죬һ仰ˣ϶Ҫ˯ˡ
ڿˣÿקӦϻݣһֱҹͣ
ӦϷӦ˵ʲôҲһۣϽˮȥ
½ƨƨߵȥ˳˽ӣ˿ĵĳ˷
һ߽С󼸸ҲŽӺԽӡ


359 ӭ
ڶ죬̫ˡ
С𴲣·ǰĻѩ
½Ҳž¥еĻѩֱŪӦϼߡ
Ȼ·ѩ֮ܶ࣬ͳ࣬Ŷ㡣
½æļӣҪǻȥϢˣʣµͺãǻȥɣ
Ūˣ½ʹŻƻˡ
Ӧϼô죬ɻʣôô죿
½ӹеֽȥʱ򼸸ҲڰŪŵ㣬Ȼ죡
ӦϵȻ׼Ӻ»ѩû취ߣͻزȥˣЦһ½ϴ֮ųԷ
СҺС棬СʲôϡϡСҵĻʣҪҪӦϣСԽ̸С֡
Сպīëʺ棬ֽһû೤ʱ䣬Ͳֽˣֱӵڡ
СֽҪҪڵϣǲ
ûһСҵ鷿оһš
СһݿǰӣСס֣Ҫֽϣ
СΨ½Сңӣ֣ͣ㣡
СҽϣǰֻֽֽϣҿٲҾʹ㣡
Сȷʵŵˣֵַֽš
ССңС㣬ҿСүɣæģ
Сҵͷȷʵܶû鷨ˣֶЩˡ
⽪ˣ˵ҪҽС
С֪ҹСң
ȥϽӣӾǲߡ
Сõĳš
С˵ӣһֱҪүͲߣүû취ͳȥˣ
Сҵͷ
һֻˣС㣬մүˣѵ˽һ٣˵Ľдˣ
СٴεͷӦϺ½ףʹˡ
ʱ䣬½Ӧϴųֱס˹
ǿ˳Ϊһң˵ʲôĶС
ӿȥзụ̆½ƵģǲӦϵķģƵĸӦϻסǽˡ
Ӧһҿĵġ
ӦϸСһӣҪչСסӦϺ½ķڡ
һжʰˣһ¥ֵĳ˶ٷ
½ͳٹ˲Ͳһˣ˼ҵĸо˺ӡ
ӱȽСĺãвľʽСңСҲܵģʵڲľȥ߶Žӡ
Сسж飬Сͳٰѧãڼѧ򣬽СûµʱҲ
½ÿĺ磬æ˾͸һϰӦÿæζ
ɻǿӦϵӣ˵ӦԽԽᣬǸ
ؼŹ˵ҪСȥǱ߿ľƻ𲻳ζ
СûȥϷӦ֪ҪСȥϷͬ⣬Һͺˣؾлˣظ䲻ıŮǱһֱʫ˵ףָʲôأ
Сһش˺صļ⣬ֱ˵ȥϷƷǺصģֻǵŷǮڳζÿ˵Ĺһζ϶ȫһˡ
ÿ춼æȥɽժӣ׼ƽơ
ƽʱæӲ˵ʲôȨˣԭŽСҲæʱָһգСһÿоƣÿ춼ѧϰ书ԽԽСһŮޣ˵ľͺˣɶÿ춼Ҫѧ
еĻվ˵ҲµģСС츳
ŭ⣬СͳٻһŮ޳žʹɱɱ𣿡
ͣûǸ˼Сѧǲ˵Сңˣ
ɫһתߡ
ں׷ᣡ
ӻһ첽߳ȥתһȦƷСҡ
ӶʵģСѾ׼һƵĲϣæơ
ӿŽСרĵӣþż˾㣬ѧе㡣
´ŽСңСĺͽӴкӺá
СҶ⣬̧ͷŽӣ
ӿһֱƵɴȥСѧȥˡ
մû죬ӾͺˣС̫Ѿˣһ䡶ҪϺü죬ӴҲûӽСҵѧϰʱٹ
ȽСҵ¾оʱѾβˡ
õ񣬾ʣС㣬ǵ¾Ҫ׹͵𣿡
ԼţҪŪȥѵأѲ
ӦȥҴҲǣܼʲôƾ͸׹ȥʲôƣʱǱ¢ˣǱ͵ѧˣ
׼ã½Ӧ϶¼ַ֮Ըˣÿÿȥ


360 ѾƲ
ͬʱҲ˲٣ģ½ȥæ滹١
˶ˣҲˣ½Ӧסһ𣬴ЩɻѸǰǷǶĽҲˡ
һΧŻ¯˵ྐྵӣӭµһꡣ
ڶϣ½ҵСǾ͹ˣ½ȻͲ󣬵ǱִЩӹ󲿷ֶǽүүģӦ̡
ӦҪóɹǳԣһֵĲС
ʱӦҪȥӦң½׼˺ܶһ߿
ӦϺͺ𴲵ţϱҲڼңϺһһϷûл
͵ܹأϽûʱȣһ϶Ц
һͷӲڼңСӺͽѾˣڶӴȻȥ˽һҵǹĺãԼĶӾˣ
ӦСϴӦϴķӣСѾһֱҪϺͽϺҲ˵Ҫǻȥҹ꣬һֱýѾĺ˵£ӦСҲû취ֻܵͷ
׼Ĳ٣ҹҲܲɶˣֵĳԷ˳²⽪ѾҪСӻǹŮ
ӦСһĳģǵ飬һҲĲʱ˵ǺͽҶϵȴֱӹˡ
ɿ²ߣȾƣСһ
ӦСԭֱܾӽǰľƱˣͷͽԼеľƺˣֻܾƱ
ĹӶǱʣµģȻƵļѾˣǳζʼղ⡣
ӦСһڣüͷҡ
ΪѾˣ¾ƵʱͻҪͽСһƷһϵƷƣһϵȥʱȵϷоľƣҾƵͬʱŹӵķҷôʱ䲻ڼңо¾ưɣ
ҸɺӦСȣӦСԽȣԽѡ
ѾɺȵͣӦСһ𣬾ٺȵɣܣ
ЦŴȤ˵ѾʵǹӦСƾͲˡ
ӦСߵĽѾ˵㣬ĶӣĺϾҪˡ
ʮ壬Сٰᣬ񣬽СҺӦһ
ߣŷֲС㣬жԪƽ
СĻ£粽ĸŽСһû뵽ͶԪǺܶƢ
ҲϷûȥͽСҴкֻǿ˵ЦֿƽؼңŴС뿪
̫̫ĺصĻ£źүѾСˣٵˣ
үȻģ£ɫѿô˵飬˭ҺǼҶףûϱҪԼ취ȥ
̫̫ӣ㲻ҹܣ
Ȱ˵̣ǽС飬ҪֻǽСͬˣǲ˵£ֱӹȥ϶ᱻġ˵ӦϵƢΪ˴ðţ϶ֲùӳԡ
ڵĻ»ҪСˣ̫̫˵ȴףӦϼҲǰȥ˵׼ĻᱻӦϴҪȺӦϻ飬ʱ˵׵顣
ӦҽӵʥּҪ׼ƺͰѾƽȥ괺ĩǻ̫ٳҪӭʹߡ
ĸв٣ǰѾƾͲˣӦ϶ӦϺֿǲ
ϿүżӣֱӿڣƼҲкܶǽѴգ
ӦϺԭüͷĸˡ
Ӧ϶ѵ⣬ʲôǴƼкµʱôŴƼƼ𣿣ɴҪƼмҲɣ
ϲ죬û˵ҪǸǮǼҵѾƲѵҪˮȥ𣿡
Ӧ϶˫Ŀͨ죬־Ҫϼ״æβˡ
ӦϺÿνֻܴӱ˼ŪĻʲô壿ļӶǱȴ˼ơ
ӦԭҪ˵ɶǿϱ졣
߹ֱӿڣǵľƱȲϴƼҵģֱӺ͹ȥ̵λá
û˵꣬Ӧɾ𾪼г̣
ϺγҪŻ̵λ÷չܲÿζùŮҵľȡҫӦɷӦô󣬵ۿ
ӦϺҲȥӦʶԼ嶯ˣ˹˵үү̣ǹﶨģǼֻԽԽãã϶ᱻģֱӴȥ̵λãǾǿּĴﰡ
һҪͷϵ৾ͰˣҪȫұͷ


361 ٽѧ
û˵һߵϣֻһ˫۾תͣϱԽԽˡ
ϼﰲſڣҲǹ̶ģǼͻѡһ𣿡
ϱǲѡγģǹֱµּ⣬ʥּأϲüﱾ׬ǮͲ࣬ϵľûӦӦϵģÿƶ˫ļǮʲô鶼ȿǹŮңӦϼҲᣬŪѵأѹ᲻óãƾʲôҪøǣ
ϼӣ˳ǣû˵
ƵҪãȻʱ϶
ǵĹƽȥùüҿ϶ҲᱻǣӦɿӦϺ˵ţҪӦϼŪơ
˼һ£ǼһкܶѾƣܲʴƼûа취ѾŪɰѾأУӦϿ϶᲻ңʱὫѰ׾ó
ӦϺ˰죬ȥƼңӦϺӦ϶˲øš
ӦҪһүүһȥ϶ֱӽ˵ϡ
ӦϺһۣȥӦ϶׳
СһҪѰ׾ƣֿӦϺӦ϶ӣŤͷͬɫõӦϣүжѾƣ
һǧԭʱȥӦϺʵش
Ӧ϶æʣѾƿŪɰѾ𣿡
СҵͷԣζһүҵĲʹǼŪɣҹȥæ
ӦſԣеĴʯͷǼҵİѾ˸ĽСأһľƣ
ӦϺ⣬ŽСңнİ취УС⼸סǱ߰ɣүŵ㣡
СҵͷҪʰŪٽѾӦׯ
һžƻģЦݣҪǾƲȥҪģʱǶܲˣ飬Ҫһһ
СҲţֱ˵ŪѾƣҪѾƻҪӹ
ϵЦϡ
ӦɵɫҲˣеʱ򱻷ˣҪɱͷİ
ԣСЦĿ
ϲĿŽСңǲкܶѾ𣿼ҪƿǴ£ʱ򽻲ȥǼܲˣǹֽСҿţѾó
СҰϣҵȻ֪ƽȥһ˶ǼҺӦҵľƲһȥ۾ˣ
ϲŲ˵ǣһѣһôͲһˣ
Ӧ϶ʶôĴȥ
ϼӦϺҲüͷ죬ҲΪǼҺã
ӦɵϻЦݣСң˵ǼҵĲһ Ҫǿ۽硣
СҿһۣӹеС̳ӣˣ
žƱ
̳մ򿪣ż˴ľ㣬СҸÿ˵ľƱж˵㡣
Ӧɳһ£ⲻһ𣿡
ֻѲ˰꣬Ŀ϶ܳ
ӦϺζ֪һȳһ£ֱӵȷʵһ
Ӧ϶Ҳ˵һ
ҪľͰѲغܳʱ䣬ʱһζˣСЦ˵
ӦҵİѾѾܲˣȽѲһʱ䣬óζãΪ˽ƣͽеİѾƶóˡ
Ӧ϶ŽСңζ˵ţҪ˵СҴ˶ŪĶһ־ͳˣ
ϼ׵飬Ӧ϶һۣõľͶǺõģԼĶôͲˣ
ֻоʱ䳤ֵĴˣûɹҲǣֻ˶ˣӦҷչͬʱСҲڷչа׼Һҵİ󲿷ʱ䶼ơ
ӦϺҪϽưѾƣŪưɣʱζһҪ취
ӦɿŽСңֿϵľƣҲζһƱԼҵľҪúܶˣǼôõľƲóѾ֮λˡ
Сһϸɻѣֱ֣ӦϺӦ϶Ҳæ
ӹѾƲǺܸӣ˼ͳɹˡ
֮ǰȥİѾе㲻һ˸Ӷصζ
Сҳ֮ͷʽӹͺã
֮һǧٽѾƼӹٽѾơ
ӦϺļ̳Ӿƣŵķ
Ӧɻǵģ־ζһҪǱô죿
ȥõİѾƲû𣿡˵ţһ۽Сңʲôζһ᲻ãʲôǣڼˣǰææ
СһԺǼо¾ƲٽѧˣԺҪˣ
Ӧɵɴ۾һʱ䷴Ӧ


362 ˳
Ϻϵ˵ı飬΢̾˿֪һ죬û뵽ô죬Ӧҵļˣɵҡͷ
Ӧ϶Ҳ˵
ɫһ˿ӦϺĺӲϱƣǼҾǻҲչ
ӦϺɫ˵ѿ
˲䰲Сޱ̧ͷǰˡ
ҪԭƵʱСһѧأǻȷʵǽСģȻϵҲҵŹӦ϶˵
ӦϺĬ˰Σ̧ͷϼˣû˵ģ
Ҫ˵˿Ӧ϶ֵͷ
ӦɳɵĿڣүү
˵ɶ
һֱǺģǱߵƷǺģôܡӦԽ˵ԽСӦϺŭӣ졣
ӦϺ֣ؿڣȵѡεʱǾԶҪϡ
ϡϡӦɼ𾪵ĿӦϺ
үү
ôǻʲôһֱ˼ҵĹȡӦϺеľƱˤڵϣܺڽ̵ܻ֣ȷʵҫҲΪ̵֣ԭŽһĵļ˶ʼˣﻹûģԼûˣûָտɴģ
ӦϺѵ⣬ҳ
Сһվǿ໥ֲߵģΪôͳΪˣʲôףǾңǮķķ鶼иű˲緢չԼȻǸ˼ңżӣΪǼԱһˣӦô࣬϶ܷչĸãϵףܻгԲȥ죡
ϿԴӳˣͱЩ˼½海ҡ
СЦҺб㶼һƣȻϵãûµĽóһ£η˻ںﱧԹľƻڵģҲڼذɣ
ӦͷҵļǣҲþơ
ڵĹƻǳֻҪúонռ䡣С˵ˡ
ȻСҸ㣬ǵɲÿӾǽСĽһ
Сҿ˵̬ȣ˵Ҫߡ
Ӧ϶׳ȥ
СҡͷأҲϳȥͺˣ
˽Сҵ͸ų׼뿪
Ϻϳţ˵ҪС߶졣
Сܣôһֱˣ϶ˣӦԺ޽ʱǿ϶
΢Сѿھ˵Ӻ½Ĺϵܲ
Ӧ϶ҪȥߣˣЦŲūϳͿԣ˵׼㻹أ
˵꣬ͻӴŽС뿪ˡ
С뿪ˣ˲ѹÿжܡ
һ카Ķǣǲ룬ھ룬Ӧô죡Ʋ¾ƣƵζòʱ䳤ˣҲӦϺŭĿˣǮͱ仵ӵʱ򶼹ˣۿԽԽãȴһˣ
˶ͷ˵ҵӦϺ
Сһؼ֮ͺӦϺ½˵ԺƷӲ⴫飬
Ӧ˵̬ȣүǶզ˵ģ
СЦ˵ү˵ˣȻѡʱ˳Ҫϡ
ү׵ĺܣ⻰˵˻Թүƫ ŮǼҲ˳أӦ˵š
½֣˭˭ܻ׵һ죬´λ̴ѡкóʱأ˳Ȼɣ
һѡÿζʲôı䶯ֻҪʱӦҿԱڣû˸Ǳͱӣ̵λûӦҵģ
СԭҪ̵λãҪҺңϺͺص֮ԼǺͰ֮ǼѾչĲˣԺרо¾ƣ׬ӣķڽСͽСϡ
ӦҲòʲô£Ǿ˳ȻɣӦǼƵģҪչĺãҲ췽ҹ̷
ǼҪú÷չȡӣҪС󣬳ר飬ҫ鹣
ӦҲôţǴ֮ˣǧҪע㣬ʲô鶼ܳӰѧϰ
½ͷİɣﻹأ
ԴӺ½ףܶͺðˣǰʱ˾Ҫ׳ʹҪҪŽСؼңھͷˡ
Ӧ˳ƽȥ
ӦϺзһʯͷôҲĲӦҴԺĽҲˡ


363 
ǰĿϾҪˣҲѾ׼ˣҲ֪ͨˡ
ӦҴԺ˳ʼ죬ӦϺ½żæ
æ½˵ģ֮ǰӦϸǷʱӦûæӦҸǷҲҪȻﲻʲôæϻҪȥ
Ӧϲɵӣ˾ͷǵ̬ȺǰһˣȻϻǴЦûǰ飬Ϻϵ񣬶һԹޡ
˲֪ʲôӦҴԺĺ׷ĽӦҵһԺӵֵϱ˵ĸޱȡ
æݱʱɹˡ
ǵɫ˲ͳ
֪̬ȣһ㶼⣬ϣ׼ң˵ϢģѾˣǸСӣ
㿴ңҿ󶼿ϣ
ɫ԰ףзŭޱȣɣ޲ȥ
ӦɩӣǲҪȥͷϲŽСϳȥģСӦˡ
Ȼʱ˵ԼԼеͺûϵҪԼɣϻ֣нѾĶϱ˺ôǸģ¼
û뵽ϵ̬Ҳô䣬С˵ҪʳǺ޹ģǿϴѾܿӣǿӦҵѪԭΪӦ˵ǸСӣ̬Ȼ΢һ㣬û뵽ϵ̬ȸӲˡ
ʲôҹȥŭһ
ˣǲԼӵģǵģôѾǶ񶾵ˣ˭˭ԼǿϴѾС˵ҲǴ𣿣
ɶǼӦ϶ǰѾǲǶ񶾵ˣһ۾ܿϽʲôˣʲôˣò˵
һǸɴཫСֱף벻ǵּۣҳȥֻʮӣҪģӦҲϣϣҪμӴȣǹ˵תߡ
Ͻ߬ȭͷ˫Ŀɺ죬ӦСҪμӴˣҪǿϣҪ꣡
ӦϲŲôֻ࣬ҪǲԼĺӣôûϵʲôҲˣźǳԷ뿪ʣ½һӦҰæ
ɸųӦСͽѾķǼ޸ԺأȥʱǶڣҲ˵ʲôҽҪȥμӴȵ˵ˣģֻǸùá˵˰أû˵ҿǼǺǣǾ˺ӻȥˣӦҵҲٲά裡
ӦСҧӦϵԹ޸һ֣ɫѿ
ѾڴϣӦС֣ǲ˵ңϾദô꣬ǳ׵ʱ򣬻Ȱ͵أ
ҪǳˣȴǸϳôƶӣǵǮʲôģСһ˶Ҫ˵ĸˣԽ˵ԽŸŹӣҪеļҵóûõķҪӦСϹӣҪӦСÿ
ѾԽ˵Խ͸ʹɫҪҪ˵ˣÿ˵ӦСƺü졣
ԽӦСôĲƲӦһ̼ͳˣһҲҪ㲻ΪԼҲҪΪӺͺӰڵãʲôûˣҪԼģ
ӦСԴӳ֮ϾýѾΪڣһֱǱϵÿ꣬ԭǰ;һƬںˣǸˣ֮о˵ıơ
ҪģǼ˲ὪѾܽѾһҸһ𣬺ӦӦҹĸãû뵽ڱӣ벻ͨҲ
ϿŽѾʵ˵ӦС̫ŻҪ۸û˵κβãǼȴ޲˵Ӧϡ
ӦС뵽Ӧڼͺϣϼ˵ѾĻȭͷ߬øˡ
˵˽Ѿ˺ӵϢҲ½ѾĺӺйϵʱǻģźвǻصңڣŵĹûˣʣµʲôûУ
ÿ춼ڹҪٸһΣֻнٴοŹ»үĳ谮Ժܲβˣ̫̫ǲõˣλȥҵõ˼ңԼҲ˵
ɽѾСˣСƧĵطﶼȲүǸģò˵׵ģһëһûɡ


364 ǲŲ
ʰö׼ٴοԣڻ˯ȫǵô£罪ǸвζżСˣҵүһȥϿˡ
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Խܿͳˣûϡ
ںӱߣһߺˮһߺͽС˵ɵ飬һҪϺüˣ
Сҿһֻӣʣǲ𣿡
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СҹҹĲ⡣
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ûкúѧϰ˵꣬תؼҡ
ŷŭŰӰУŲʺϽСңԺȥǼϴףĺӾû취ףһһƵýСһǸСӣǲʣÿ첻ҪȥСңȽСҵͣȢȥ


365 ź
һߴҲںͽС˵⣬ҿ׹Ӻүֵֹ֮ģʲôһ
СҺɵĿŴ
¶ӣʲôû˵˵СҲ׸С鷳С׼ʲô
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ϴЦжӦϷߺޱȣԺԭͲڻҪӦһ޳ȥĹŮһԺӣĲҪС
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ϼֱ˵˳üͷ壬Ҳ㣡ǽѾǸҪģСӦңСϾҪȥϿˡ.
˶ͷ˵
컹˺ܶ౾ˣЩ˾ͿʼӦС żͽѾһڶкˣӦҾٲܣ϶ῴںӵϣҪǻסӦСô˵ҲӦҵĺӡ
ӦϺеĿӣʱ򣡹ǣߣ
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ѾıӵĶʶӽڻ
ͻȻڼžĻΪ̶
ҪǿнߣѾŭǼĶ̣һӦҵӣʲôȻҶ֣ҺүǺÿ


366 ɿ
ѾĻȷʵ嵽ˣҲҶ֣ǼүӵǹԹԼ߻ҪǶ֣
ѾһҲ⣬Ҳܺ޵ĺӣֹڵϿҪ˻ȥӦϣҵһӶʱҺС׵ʱȰ˵ģȥ϶ң
һѾӦϻôһϵԥˣ͹̼ҹϵܺãⶼǺģٴλȥѾ˵Ļ˵һ飬˵̵ʱæڿ϶æ
СĹ𴽽ǣѾҪҵĹϵǺƣ
ӦҵʱǰΪӦһ壡ͲҪң
Ӧô˵жԹӦϣ֪ѾǸĺˣȻæ˵ҪС˳ףһ⣬ʳ
˲֪ô죬ӦϺͺϣǵ
Сҿһ裬ǰүҪȥɣһ׼ҪԼߣ
ƶǶ衣
磬ߵ⣬ѾһίӣıŻеĺӣſڣ滹кܶΧ۵ˣ۷׷ס
Ѿ߳裬һϳǽСߵʹӣв߹䱸
趢һЦӳ濡׵һģһ
Ѿ˲ͰˣҪʲô
㺦ʲô̫̫Ȼϲ㣬ҲչôꡭϴζЦѾŷĵľ¡
Ѿʲô֪֪ǽɵģ
Ҫӣ㻹̫̫ͽӱȥҲӦ˿ǿˣ׬貧أ
Ѿæźתܡ
Ц׷ôʱ䣬ϾҪˣôˣ
Ѿ֪ӦҶҲԽûҪӦҵţſڿˣĿľˣңӾԲܱκ˴ߡ
Ѿ˲ˣ׷׷ϽѾ𾪼ˣ͵ͽѾ˵ʲô
ЦŻش𣬡Ҿ˵ӳòҪ˿ӿԽţľˣ
˲ˣѾǺºûˣϵİѱûˣԺӦСԻҲԻΨӦţ
һͿСңС㶼棬ߵһǲҪľˣ
СޱĿǰӣΨһİѱˣʲôûˣ
ЦţҪ˵а취أ
ζ˵˾䣬СģƷ츳ģֱӽʵƵķ̵λãǼģȻ˵
ҲûӦ϶˵һΣӦ϶ҪҿŴƼӣ¾͵𣬿϶ҲûҺϳһҵ顣
С˵¾Ʋᴫˣ˻֪һ־ͽĽѾˣ׷׿޽СҴ˵ӦϺ̵ĺá
ӦϺֻܵάЦûϵСҴƻСķӣҲȿʼŪɵģ
ǲţӦһֱƵģŪƵʱ򣬽СһǸʮСӣ˵ӦϺ̫ǫˣһһĺܺãҲãӦҲҪˣǸĸ̣ẓ̌Ӧҷչǰ;һƬ
ӦϺʵάֲȥˣҴ˵˼䣬ҪǳԷ
ѾصͿ۾׳һ졣
ӦСӣ֪ȥʲôˣӽӹֽڻѾ
ѾίˣӦСĻʹޣС磡
ӦСѾʲô˵ʹźȥӦңǿŻп޵滨ĽѾ˲һ룬Ҫˣôˣ
Ѿޣԭ˯ŵСҲ
Ѿæӱι̣ͣʲôﲻ㣬ϾҪȥˣҰﲻ㣬ҲòǮ˵ˣʲôҪ˴㣬вŻҲᱻûû취ˣȥӦҪȥǿ϶ʱ򲻹㣬һ˺ӣ
ȻӦ϶ɫࡣ
Ѿ۾һĨ⣬ӿû꣬ҹڵǽǣǨ˴ԺӣҪæ˵æ˵߱ĸҿ˵ΪĽ˶ҵᡭ
Ѿ˵߱ĸ飬ӦС϶ɻ󣬵ǽѾֱӽ˵ӦС˵ʲôԽѾ˵ĻŲɡ


367 վ
ȽѾӺ˯ˣӦСһԲѾɫѿҪӽӱȥӦСĸ첲С磬ڲҪӻʱſ϶᲻㣬Ҳ㣬϶Ҫǻؼңôѹţû취˵ˣҪؼһһҾͿԻȥˣ
ӦСǰֳӦϴѵӣһƣɻۣԭǣȴһĶƫӦǱߣ
㲻ΪӾӲͦŰ㲻ҲҪԺ;ҪһҪ갡ǽС϶Ѿźˣ㲻ȥȡ˼Ͷˣ϶ͿˣѾһͼӴ׵˵ţͲǽСѧû೤ʱ䣬˳˳ˮһֱϣӦСлܡ
ӦС߬ȭͷ˺ܾãס˽Ѿ֣۾дżᶨһȥ϶᲻Ҫǵģϻжӣ϶ͬǻȥģ
ѾЦˣ˵ĻãΪҪʲôԣǲңҡҾȥͷֻҪܿС
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ѾӦǣѸٹһ
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ӦС˼ûֱ˵ҪͽѾźӻ
Ͽ޵һң̡̡
ӦСоʱ鲻Ծﵽôˣôˣ
ӦɹȰ˵Ǽڲ˵¾ƣȽСٸУʱһź£̿϶ͲǵˣֻҪСУǼҾͶ˸Ǽҿ⡣
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ŶӹڵϰӣϵС뿪ʱ䣬ֺγǹļ尾
Ӧ֪᲻ӦСҪӦСؼңǺ¼ﲻͬ⣬ӦСȥӦϺϣҪӦСϵ˵ȶҪѾѾȢˣ˶ӣӦҵѪ
ѾҲһ𣬹Ⱗ
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˼Ѿ綼ӦңӦͲˬ
ӦСѾȢţּҳȥһ ǹܺԼˣҪԺǶҪԹˡ½һȰ˵ӦϣȻңҲ²롣
ӦϲԸ⣬½˵ʵʲôҲ˵ǿ϶ҪӦСУǼҿأ㿴ˣֻѹ˼ ˼ֻҪǺˣ͵뾡취ĺ˼ұȣ
СҲͬ½˵ģȰ˵ӦϣûôѹƽͶسˣҪڼû˼ȥ̫̫Ǿ۾ۣҲȥѵסϼ졣
ӦϲԸĵͷܾͲܣԼ飬ԼȥɣֻҪüôû£
ӦҪˣ˼ҪӦ
ӦӦС׵ʱ򣬶ǶʮӦǱ߻òϡ
СҿڣֿɣĺͶһҲãǰʱڣһˣȻҪеʾ
½޽СҴ⣡
ú󣬼˾͸øʲôʲô
ܿ͵Ӧ׵ӣ½ӦϴżӶˡ
Ϊ޵˼ҺãҲ


368 Ӧ
Ӧ϶ӦӦϺһеӦ
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ӦϹ͹ӭӣŤͷŽСң⼸һֱҪأ̫æˣùˣȥɣ
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æϹæѽСһҪСչ˺ˡ
Сҵͷ˷׷׽ҪӦó
Ӧ濴ţĽĲУзߺԼ޵ĲʱԼ޵ʱСʲôûߣ˽¸꽪СңȥӦϣӦϻ᲻Ӧ
ӦóʮֻóĲҪȵʱӦĺá
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˿Ӧóӣǲ࣬ǰĺӶģ;һͬʣʲôû˵
ֻǹȥӦϴżӳԷ֮ͻȥˡ
Ӧ϶æż¼ÿÿʲô˶ҪӣԺҪȥϹ죬ôܺǰȣƼɸ˶ʮӣûЩ̫̫ϵı飡
Ӧ϶ŭĵû½Ҳˣʮӻһӣ
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Ӧ˵ͱ뿪ĴԺһ춼û׵ʱ͸һңڼױҪõô࣬ԹҪ
ȥһץסڽڹ£үү˳ģһôΣҪʱҲʹ죬̾ûˣ
ϵĹѾнˣÿÿƣͷĸԽԽ࣬ѾʼͷıϽˡ
ӦѾȥ˽ˣӦϼҵõĵطӦҵ΢һ㣬µʱĲƵĻصʲô˵ˡ
϶ӦӲùԽԽˣȻһͬʣ˽»Ҫ½Ҳ񣡡
ڻżģҪСϽϾҪȵʱˣСÿŷîžѧϰ½ȥʱ򣬿϶æ㣬СôȥĻӦû˵
ôһ˵Ҳżˣµ˵ںͶҳףҲӲˣԼȴʲôûУϱԼԼҶסһСӡ޲Ҹû˵ʱɱ˽ѾСӾͿˣ
ڶ죬ӦʽޣӦҲˡ
ԪŴѣˡ
źܶϲϲǮġ
Сڴ˵ָʾ£׷ڵϼ
ǿŶԪ˵Ӧ֮ϣ˵ӦҶ˸Ů
Ԫ⣬ŹݺϣӦϺӦ϶ϡ
СһֱӦæǰæӦտʼãϺͷ˲ͽ
ϲŽţɹˣ
ӦСǰҪӦϻΡ
ԭҪӦģӦС岻ͬ⣬ѾˣԼͿ׽š
ӦС彫ӦﱳţϿ˼ϻΡ
СͽС󼸸ֵܶһȥҡ
Ӧ߿ϯˡ
ǿӦҵⲻ˱Ƚһ£ӦӦ׽ãǳ޵˼ҿر
ӦСۣбźޣҲʱ޾ͺˣʱܾҵ£ԼҲȥ˼̣ȻǱģǱ϶ٲˣӦ޼ﻹѾߡ
ϯ֮ûҪ뿪˼кܶӦʽģάӦ֮ҪӦϰæԼҵĺӿ˼ ǿӦҵ˼Һܺã
Ӧǫ飬ͬʱǵҪ󣬡ֻǳȥʱ˳Ǹĺӣ˶ҵۣ˺£
ָſӦ˼лҪӦϰæں˼ǰһԼҵĹŮ˵ʱϴŴɩҵĹŮˡ
ҪӦϴкҪӦҲȥ̫̫ǰתת
ÿݵʱⲻ˼棬ʶӦϣֱйùá
ӦЦ˵һҪϣÿæתùڿǶҵ׼ˣʶ˿϶һ࣬ӦҪùðæ˵һ£


369 
ĺܣϸȲӦϣֻǴųȥߣӦͼ޽ȥļͥǶԪ˧ʣҲᣬԺӦȥˣӦȻͬ⣬Ӧߣ˵ĶǺģҪӦϵĸɹŮ
˵ЦţȥҳϯҲˡ
СȶˣСͳûйֱӴŽСؼˡ
Ӧ˵ȶˣСŽСҺ½ͻؼˡ
Ӷһ˶˵Ƕжɣϲ°Ķ档
ӸŪѾƲ裬˺ˣڴЪţֻгٺƽʱûʲô
ӦһžͿż˲ڴϣôࣿûƣ
Ц˵̫̫õģūѾλүѾƲ裡
ӦϵͷԸ嵭㣬ŽСԹֲãôˣҪǵСҳޣ㲻ú
СԣһӦߵĽСңٺ٣϶
СҲڣʲôײ׵ģڻûϽأ
͵ĵһۡ
СЦ˽Сһѣҿڻûأ
㣬ȸϿʱҲȥɣûпеģý״ԪɴСЦġ
˵ЦӦϴߴ٣æһ죬ȥϢɣ
ֵܼЪϢһ죬ڶ峿𴲾ͻˡ
Сˣȥسǡ
Сÿͳٸѧ书ŬĲУС书ͬʱܽѧˡ
СˣʹŽСͳһͽСѧƣƵģǲƶᡣ
ѧʲôȽСҪ죬书ϣСԭǵɵģǼٽԼȥˣģ𴲵ʱ򶼵ʱȡ
ѧڵ״̬ԺҪԼʦ
Сÿ춼æƣ̸ְֽǣ¾һܳ⡣
ũæ֮󣬹ϵĹӿʼˣ˹ӣӦϼҡ
СҪԭԼдģһҪԼƣͽӴȥٲ
һٶֻ˴˵Ŀޣ˾ĴŹӻؼˣһ࣬ǼҲûãȴԼȥ֣ȹӶˣƼҲˣǮͺˣŸշչǾͿʾˣ
½ŵʱ򣬾͸ˣԼҵĹƿˣǲΪǮֻΪȽԼȥ
ȻѾˣʱ򶯾̫󣬿±˿ȥҪЧˣʱһ˼ҷչĿˣûԼʲô¶ˣҪȽȥռơ
ӦÿæĲУ½ϵҲ٣СҪˣҪæŴ㣬¥ҪӦ϶æŵˣԺͷĵƤҪɿջʲôġ
һ˸æģСûôˣӳСѧǰʦÿ춼æһʱ͸Ӧϵƨɺ棬ҪȥƷŽСңܿܶϡŹֵĲֺ
ÿæĺ͸һʼԼˣ˵㣬ƽԱʮĶؿ˳һæռһиС԰˾͸żͣŸ˵ĺϲ£죬һֱη߶Ӧϵĺá
ʱ䣬žϸѡҽСң׼̽һ¡
Ʒ˿žƹûʲô⣬ͻȥ֡
߹ͿޱƵ飬һӾģûһ㿪Цĳɷ֣ôվſڿˡ
ڽС˵ģǳԼŪʱͲУ˵ľͿԣԼױȲ϶ĹũǵķɻʾǸˡ
Сҵͷɣһۻġ
Űæ裬̲סЦˣӿλСһֱ˵飬εһֱ̾أ
˶ӶЦ
ЦӹƶˣһĶƵСѾͷӡ
˵ĺãӦϵȴˣӦСҪȥˡ
Ӧ޵ĲУǲǿӲֹӦСԴ󣬽Ѿĺ˻ȥӦңӦҾһ̫ƽӶûˡ
үڹܲˣԺص˴󷿣͵ûɣ
СɫأӳﶼԼĺӺãӱԭӿ߽ѾѾȥӦҵӲŲù
Ӧû˽ܽѾӦСѾʹźһˡ
ӦϿĲ¾ƵķӲ˵ˣϿ϶ԹޣȽѾȥ϶£
ﵣĵ̫ˣӦԼĵߣѾ׾ܽɢҵ飬ҲǵĴ
ʲôһʼͲӦọ̈ӦϷߺ޵


370 Թ
Сûж˵һʼʱԼӦҿ϶᲻⣬ǼҵͺˣǼҵҪԼȥģ
Ӧȷʵû֣ӦСôŽѾȥˣ϶ģ쿪ۣͷҪ
ӦСŽѾͺӣĻˡ
ϿӦϺͺûֹ˿ʰԺӣҪӦСסȥ
סȥʹסӦϺֹʰԺӵϡ
ϵĶһ٣ԶӲƽԺӣȴҪֵϱӼһԺ
ճԺӣһʰˣ˵ӦϹҵʱãһأôͲܸСס
ϼҪ𣬹Ȱ˵ûҪС˼Ҫ˿ŽѾɩҪˣҪĳ£͵һˡ
ô˵ϵɫ΢˵㣬ͷӦСͽѾӦɵԺУСƽʱźӣýŽѾ񽻸
һаźˣû뵽ѾˣԺиûط
ϼڣ浱ԼʲôأôҪԼǮӦҸǮ
ѾίĿϣӣźСģ
ʲôʸӣϺǳ⣬תɫõӦССҲӣƼģͬǣڷˣҪסţԽǲܣ
ӦС֪ŭѹȥ˵ǣ
Ҫͬˣûʲô˵ģ˺ûϵܽӦҵţɩӾǰ˿ӣֱӽСó˵¶ҪһסŵģѾô˴
ѾдᣬܲܽչѾ
Ĵ߹ҪҪ
½Ӣ˹£Ǻ֮ǰͶˣ˺ӾȻҽ
Ѿæڵϣǣҵʱ˺ӣ;ҺСˣûô࣡˸СżĳᣡĲȫСûϵ
ӦСŹڵϵĽѾۣ̣Сȷʵвףھ͸ģ
ĻԼ½ǵĹøǶԳĲ˵Ӷ࣬˭ӲࣿҪʱô˵ģ˵СʲôӶУأǼҵԺӸˣߥӦСϽеĲȫ˵ˣŶ͸˽ѾŲ˵ģ˵˹ŵ⣬ڹǰã
ѾſڽƱ硣
˵Ķʵ㻹ʲô˵ʲôɣ㿴ɩ˼ҲһŮ˴źӣҲûôһѾźôͲˣҪԼУ͹ȥż˻Ҫڼ¶أô϶ýѾûǲģ
Ѿһίӣ첻˵
ӦСȻǰСȷʵûˣʳԻ̧ͷҪǶߣ
Ѿڵ󣬡һɣҪɻƽʱԼæ
ӦСۣŤͷĿźϣ̣Ѿһɣɩ߻иأ
ϵһֱڽѾļϣתͷźϣ﹩һûģȻÿԺӶӣ͸Сһɣ
˼Ѿ˻ǲðһˣרŶŽѾ
ϵͷһӣ
Ѿеķߺޣ˵ͷ
ԺԭСӦһúʣӦС˹˲еתˡ
ŽѾССҲģȻѾϲȴһѶģԼĶӾǲûӣҶŽѾ϶Ҫ޾ϸĺǱ߻㱨һûԼĲԣԺôסȻҪסԼԺ
ӦСͽѾźӻ˶ڱԹ
ѾŷߺޣÿϺͺϣӦϺ򰲣Ȼû˼ÿ춼֡
ϸ뿴˵̲סҪСӻǳ谮ģÿóԺúȵĹţҪӦСרѧϰȡУ
ӦɿӦСϾҪȣӦϺŰӦСͨһ£ӦϺͬҪȥ˵Ӧ϶ȥ
Ӧ΢΢һ㶣үүң
ӦϺûκηӦ˵о࣡
ǣʱһŶúѧӦϴǿЦ⡣
Ӧһֱһ˵ӦСĺãӦϺʲô˵Ӧ뿪ӦϺ̾˿ӦҵĽӰҪͬʱҲҪֱӦҲܳԶķչȥ


371 ³
߹ÿӦϺ쳤̾ӣ˵ܣСôǸӣԼ׵ﲻţүү̲ţһҪŽѾֶˣѵı˻
ӦϺ̧ͷһۣԺССˣң
ӦϺҪԽ̵ӣͷӦźӦ϶˵ӦϺ˼ 
Ӧ϶ȫûҲͬ⣬ȥԼĶӽ̵ϣСһҪҪӦϺ
ӦСӦСѧѧϰͲöˣҲܳȥ棬ҪӦϺѧϰƵͬʱҪѧϰôΪ˴
Թޣڹûӽ̺𣿵ѾĹ
ӦСȻ̫ףǳԵ黹Ƕģù׵ģԼһˣͽСҲһˣǽѾǸˣԼɩˣصӦңġ
ӦСС̸Ϸ̸ӦСÿ춼æ
һ𣬽С˵ÿ춼ӦϺ˵Ҹ˵ϷǻȥҲүʾһ£Ժÿ춼ãүÿ춼ôæҲУһҪע壡
ӦСģȥҪϻӦϺʦСҪҸǵʦģҪע壬˵ҪҺһҪǽ̻أ
ӦϺСӻԼʦЦǳȥˣҪүүˣ
үү̾Ͳɣùüÿ춼أ㿴ùãйøôǿ׳һأӦСҲæȰ˵
԰үү̲ѧҾҪСүү̽ѧ̫ǿ϶ܲˣ
˾ӦϺͺϵĶĥӦϺû취ͬ⣬ѧϰϷ
Ͽӣŭ
Ѿϵ˵ģ˵ӦСӦСгϢõӦϺĺ񰮡
ȻѾǽѾ˵ĶģбһһҪУӦ϶ȥʵ㵽ûӦ϶һҪġ
Ӧ϶ô㣬ҲֻʵƤëĿ˭ҲŪֻоķӲ²⡣
Сÿ춼ӹڷѧ֪ʶ
СóѲصĺþƣҪ½ͻʱ˳㿴һ½СƸӡ
ӺܿͺûˣߴٽСϽȥŪһ̳
СȴˣЩѾˣ㿼ˣ߹ܹҪʲôʲô
ССҼᶨ̬ȣֻܻȥʵ˵
ӺüĿСѾͷǡŵˣлžƺš
ӣúȣҪ̰
䣬Ӿ͵һۣΪôÿ𣿹ȥ￴飡
СѾϰˣϲȾƣһȶƢͲˡ
Ӳ֪ŪĲϣ˽СҪʱʱԸС⣬Сÿ춼ǿѹ֮£Ҫȥ˳һ£Ӷʲôʱʲôʱ˵
ŵ˻ؼҵʱ佪СûлӦϵľҪ½Ŷȥ̽
ֵܿ˰¡
ڽСĥӲ֮·ͬؼҴ졣
ϾҪ³ˣСڼʰһ
Ӧɹˣ費Ҫ׼ʲôǱߴһ¿١
СұʾСҪӦСҪֱͣù˼ߡ
ǱӣҲܷ飬СѧӦ뽪Сһס
СܣСһһȥģһ㡣
ܾˣӦҲ˵ʲôҲ˵ҪС˳źӦСĻЦ˵ʱһСͷ˵˳ʱ䡣
ܿ쵽Լʱ䣬һӳԷǳ
׼û೤ʱӦɺӦС͹ˡ
СһۿӦСϻӡǣ˳ǣɣ
Ӧϲģֶ һ
½ȥǱߣ³ĻǺİ̫̫İɣūڣ϶µģ
ɸŽСңСͯŽСʽ·
Ϊ·;ңԶ˾·ʱ䡣
½ϴͻʱͰｪС˸ӣ³ĵص㲻ԶҲӡ
ӦɼѾ׼ˣнСҺŮģ˼˵һ𼷼ĻֻܸǴӦСȥⷿӡ
뿼Եӻм죬Ϣ֮Ϳʼڸй䣬ϤһţСͷֺܶӵһֱͣڽСҵϣԵĹһ£ͽŽСһȥˡ
صסСѵСţظţܾһ˵ȣ
СҲ·ǵ񣬡磡ֻкһųȥȥ
СͷûµʱڼҪʹȥ졣


372 
Сʱˣûµʱڷ˿Ȥ
ӦɴӦС˻˵ŴĹڿٵϢ
С׼Сúò˺ܶóԵġ
Ӧһžż㣬ҺСʱ򰡣
С˵Ϳ˳ԷԵ˵һ´ϢͲ˵ˡ
Сһ㶼ӦСһͽСһԷӲԽСķ˵Ҫȥԡ
Ӧɲͬ⣬ʲôҪóʱأҪԿ϶ܳԸ飡
СӦҪԣ˸ȥСң֪ҪСĶ࣬ǽĲˣֻܽ͵ĲҲˡ
СҶѸ٣ܿͽ˷ʢ÷СҾԼ˵˽ݳˡ
Сôһ𣿡ӦЦʡ
СҪӦɸϽԣŮһҪ˿ŲãҪԾȥɣ
ӦɿŽС׵ӣ֪ʱӦСͽѾ׵ʱ۽СҪвˣҲ˵ʲôֻܰĳԷ
ճԺãӦС˸קӦˡ
һӦСԹһԸ㿴ǵ̬ȣ
ʲô̬ȣǼһҪ˼Ҳס̵λãѵҪΪһѾӦҵǰ;ȥ̬ԵģǼѾ˹ùüңֻǾ޸ϵϵ޸ãҲҪ̵ͷ
ӦСԴ绹оηģͷһԲ
ҪɵʱӦɲҪӦСת˻⣬Ҫú׼
Сÿ춼ϰڴϵʱŷӸڵ֪ʶ
С첻ˣоôýСԵĺõ㡣
ʱգ۾͵ˣСҺ뿼˿ŹϵĴţ˰Żȥ
СҪ죬СҸ׼˺ܶԵģ׼˵ɰҪϣܾôѧҪסôСԺУζ϶ãصģ϶ȥ
ӦӦСȥ֮ҽСңҪͽСһ飬ҪԼôš
ſ˵⣬ֱӻظС⼸岻ʣΪ˲ҪүĶӲţڴţʵûдӦү
Ӧû뵽Сֱӽܾˣ΢΢һ£漴ЦˣãҪСҺúϢʲôȥңأ
ĵͷͳš
ķɿ죬СԺӳĳۻˣ񲻴Сңǻȥɣ
СѾǰС׼ϴˮ׼嵭ķˡ
Уʣ»أ
СҿŽСһαһѣɵ̾ʲôѧôƣ⻹ǹŴΪ;һ˻ڸϿ
Сۻˣֱڴ˯ҹ͸лСңôʱļ尾岻õĻļֲôС̲
ǸúöԺиѵأСЦ˵
ôңλУ
ǸοôСҷʡ
Сװصӣǲ˵
СҲʸСѹȥ漸ãЩѧӻය죬ŷеľÿ϶ûϣģͻȥˣеĵΪ˽ύѣ˵׼Ժ˭ͷˣʱܰϸæ
Сһֱŷѧϰʶʲôˣ˼һ£ʶһһģǰţʱ˻Ϊ֧ˤ˵л֮˵˵ַҪʱȥ
ȳȥߡ
СҵͷҪһҪСİȫ
Сȥ˺ܳʱ䣬쵽ʱҪţ˵ԷˣڻӼҳԷ
СҪϽȥ˷
ӦɺӦСҲûȥύ˲š
СûжӻӼ뿪֮Ҫ˵ƣӦɵ֮󷵳̡
Ӧÿڼȵļ尾ĲС
˻ˣСѹʿôֱ⼸ôûܡ
˶˵û£һ˳˳ˮ
СЦĿģСҸţҲûݣˣ
ãӦϷˣ϶Ĳ½һ˰˽ӷ硣
СҪȥӦ˵һӦɺӦСҪŻ
ûһСֱҪ֪ͨӦҲԸıԹ¿ĽƼҵˣ
Ӧϴ󵱼һѣҪҪеûģ˼ڸõĵط
Ȼϲ˵ˣлڱԹӦСô˵ͽѾһ˵ͽСһСˮƼôСңл֪жԹ޴أŪԼ沼ӴűԹˡ


373 
ӦϲԸϼףڼ͹Ůһ¾ƣ̵λãܵĲС
ӦɺӦС˼˵ʶʲôˣ˵ԼԺھǼ档
ӦϺû£ӦС˵һҪǸøɶɶȥ
СڼϢ˼죬ȥ˷Ǳߣŷѧϰ
ӦÿձȻСѹ˵½ǰ̲סˣСȻӺãǱϾѧʱ̣Ҳ֪ʲôˡ
½§ڻƼǲô룡ô֪һأ
Ӧϻ̲ס߶ôʵ̫ˣûֱӸ׼Ҫ˵ȵôż
½ЦＱӦĴ
½ӦϳײãڹͺһסڷϾҪעˣǳٺСÿ϶ҪӦϻҪæŴСѹֵĲС
ӦϵĴϣҪԳĸоӦѹ¡
Ӧһ£漴ģ㡭أ
Ķʶ˳ȥ
ڵ˷Űˣ֪ͨСǾˡ
βǴ˸ˣϵϢ˵СǺģڻǾˣûжףԺǰ;ӹˣ
Ӧϸ˵棬СұڻûǾˣ
СҲ˷ܣ϶Ϣˣܿͻˣ
СۣŻؼҡ
ս壬ͿܶΧſڣˡ
Ӧϸ˵óۣ˴ţúдһƬ֮ӦϵˣԼĶӾڼĵλָˣԺ󼸸ӵ¸Ӻ˵ˡ
֮ǽɢˡ
Ӧ͵ӦСҲȥˣأ
С϶һ٣ûУ
ӦСȻѧʻԣдĶ͸¶Դ󣬻ʵ
Ż˺üſϵģô˲һμӱԣˢҲǲ֪ϻôˣ˵׼ΪԼĶӿˣԼԹˣ
СеϢӦ˵ĶӦСϢٳûдԽԽ
ôʱ䱨ϲۻ϶ˣ˼ССиϱҪģߵһ컹Ҫˮأ죬ס˵
տʼҲ֪ҪˮʲôСķУǺҲûʣԺӣ˵˲ףϻ֮ϴ塣
˵ģɺ۾
Ѿû뵽ϾȻֱ˵ĻŽӦСûеԭϣϵֱӹڵϣ̫̫ȻӦңû˳Ҫһƺˣ
վͷ־ǼƣѾۿɼٶȺ
꾫㣬Сˣ
ѾڵϿ޺˵Ϊ
ӦСҲ֪ԼûУСȴˣԭͲãΪѽѾæϹɶڴѾϣ
˭ûй㣬ҲûȣϲĿӦС
ӦСŭĿһֹۣڽѾϵ֣˵ԼѧղͽѾûϵһ˵
ϳﱧűʹһôСף
ӦϺͽСţᣬ˵ǽˣ´λܸУһף
Ӧ˹ӦϺ½úдҲûеӣʮǫ顣
СҲûп˵ӣ˵ˣҪˢǸǹصġ
һ˷Ӧ˾뿪ˣ½ܸˣ¥һһĸһþƣʱ䡣
ԷҲף½Ѵ֮Ǿ˵ĵˣ½ŶҪˡ
ڼƲ֣СѪӵĶӣ½סӦϼңһʲôڽСˣ½ǸҪľȻһˡ
ļţ֪ȥҽСûиţǣ
ӹʱ򣬽С׼ӵлʦ
˵ҪСӦֱʹ쵰ҶӺ˾ͽ᣿ҪӽѧãôģմˣֱӷŹҧ
Сֹ𼤶ӣڼɣҳȥ
ӦϲãɶѲ㻹ʲô
зִ磬ҪƣҶˡ˵꣬ҪӦϣȥӡ
ӻŽŵŽСͦΣȻĴֲѣڹ
СɫĿɶ㻹ĸ飬Ȱ㻹Ǳ˷ˣ


374 ѵ
Сô̬ȶңܽ·죿½ҪǵģǾˣֱӴմ˰Ӻ۾Ȱ˵
ã㣬ΪʲôҪҽѧãҪȥѧãôģǣҶ飬Ǯóһ𣿶С׬ģС۾дźޣҲʹģԭֻңû뵽ӾȻûƤûˣ
˵ĶʵӾεĿ
ô˵ˣǷŲǣǷŲĲƲӱϾ׵뽫ôǽһһҪ˺ġ
ݺᣬСһֱǸµģôôôң
Ҫô㣿ʲôһĸģԼǲС˵
ЩվסСҲпԵİ֪ˣ
֪ˣͲӦٲҪһڹĺܺãݲ㣡
ҲҪǣҾҪ˵½Ϊǰǵ׵ҪҰӲᡣ
СѾǶꣿңСҲ˻СҲΣգҲôѧãҲ˵ôĴԼ֪ˣʵʵغһĶֵأҪǵͱŮͨһǾûٲģ飡
ӳױˣС
ҲôģͱҺ˺˵꣬СתȥŹϡ
ܲˣŻصӦϺŮûϵǽС˵Ļʵ̫ˣܲˣС֪˭½ǵڶ˱˵ģԭСиû뵽СҲ޵ز
ſڵţͿɫ԰׵Ĺ̶̵·ˤ˺üͷϵ·ˣӸ磡
Ҳ
ӵᣬţСˣǸˣǸ˰
˲ףСûûڽӿ϶ܵĲУǽСҪӽԼߣ۾һ˿⣬СǰТ˳ôڴ½֮ʲôˣʾ½
˺һۣһԲ
ȴ˶С˵Ļж½Թ޸һ֣½Ƽ˵ѾźӻˣڹһҺͺСԼԹޣ
ӵϴŷߺޣĵ˿ڽʲô鶼еϣľ֪ӲôҪǽӶʼҡˣΣˣ
Ӧڼе˶˹ǲҪٹֱӷŹҧߣֱӸҴȥ
һӦýǿżˣҪôԽӺͽҸӱˣ
СصһϾ⣬ܶ˿ʼɧŷˡ
үȥѧãÿһ֪ķӣڻ̳Сôһľˣܶ˾ѧҪĺҲ 
Ӳԣֱӽ˾ܾ
˵ɧŵüͷҲҪ³ˣСӽڸܷģҪȥס϶ɧš
Ҳ
ӣȥǼҰɣеԺӣкţз㣬ǼвٺþƣСÿ¾ƶҵ͵㣡þƹ
ӳĬ죬Ͱڰ֣Ͻȥ׼ɣ
ܿ죬ȥҵıԺ
Ҫѧ֪ˣרŸķӣ˳̵Сûˡ
ɴźˣҲǰĽɣ˵ϲСģҪСȥӦϡ
Сû˵ģɵĶҪ
СһŸˣҲ簡ЦſŽС
ܲǺүûϵͽ֮ѾûϵڸûϵˡСֱӵô֪ܲɵͼʲô޷ǾҪǼҵվȣֻˡ
ɫһСԹլһ˰ɣ
ֻ֪ǶûүҪ˵Ҳû
ΪｫеǮ飬ѧãԹأɲĵʡ
С˵ЦЦĿɣ˵ʲôȻѾصҾͲҪǰʲôԼ


375 
ɿŽСЦݣ﷢飬°ɣǴǰĵǸ
أСŤͷٿ
СգŲκιϵǼһֱԼԹޣڻμҹϵɫõ뿪ˡ
߹ĿǺöﲻҪǰöǵģҲ
ǵĶľûκιϵҲҪκĻᣡСЦſţǼҺûκιϵԲ
˵úãŴЦ
СɣӦȴӦˣӵģҪĻýţÿӴۡ
½Ҳòÿ춼ȾƣҪŮ޹СлнСԸСŪס
컹ҪСأһ춼Ҫ˵ˣ˵˲лһֱ˵
Ӧ̾㲻˵ף˵ķϻһôæôʱӦԣ
˼ǿԷģٱ˲Ͷˣ½οӦϣ벻ԸɹҸ
Ӧ̧ͷҲᣬ˵һˣ
½ͷӦ˵ˣӾ¥ϣʼȻձȲϴӦԵĸɹóԣ
Сϵķˣһڣɹ϶ǵģ
Ӧһ£ͷ顣
ıӸӻ飬Ʒƾ֪ƵĺûСԺĿŽСҡ
԰㣡СָһӸɹ
ٲˣĬĽ˹ȥСָһӸɹٴˣСҲŷˡ
һֵĳ˷
ӦҲ֣Ϻһ˻ˣӦϺӦ϶ڽӴǡ
ֱڷ˵ϷĲ㣬ûм޳ȥҪϰæҸõģѾʮˣٲϹûҪˡ
֪ϵӣæ˸ӱֻܿ˵ҪϺúÿеҪ沼æȥ̽
÷һţ׺ȫܣﾹȻҪ˼Ұæһ͸ѡϽ޳ȥ
ϸǰһԺӣϺλҪԺӣҪܲӦҡ
˵СǾˣĴû˾ֿʼԹʱǰæ˵ѾҸ޹ȥˣǷ⣡
СԹٲģԺʲôҶæˣ
ϲϣҲ˵˵
ԺҲȥ˵ɣ˵˵Ժżҿֱϵ˰ɣǱߵã񻰣С̲סŭǰ˵ˣӲܳ裬ǲŪķڵԸͲˣֲĲϸô
Ϻģ͸һȭٸҸ˵һ䣿˵Ҿ㣡
ͻȻʹɴཫǼϳȥǸڵط𣿣
Ϻɫࡣ
÷Ĳɶ˼
ϺɫȻ˵
Һ˵˼ۿ㽫ǸҪĹѸؼҵģ˼ҰĦ˼ۿģôʱ䲻˵ûڼʲôҵ飿ϴ
Ϻֻǳŵʱ򿴵ǹѸˣæ˻ȥûʲô£˵һȥͽȢţٱã
ϴһȥ˺Ϻ·
Сŭ𣬡ˣǼңǰ˵Լ϶ǴŹģ˵ֻܸĨڡ
ϺŤȥǰĻҲܽܣȴԽԽûͷ
ѾϺæǰû¾ȥСߣ϶ϲСӦϾǲͬ⻹ǣڽСǾˣǼҾ͸ûϣˣһ˽ס˼ҼϺȻм顣
˵һϢ
÷֮ǰæһ˷£ǲ˵̫ҲڻˣҸȥӦϰæʵڲҪСȥĶŵ
÷˼ӦֱӾܾˣǰǶ̫̫˼ֻǰæһ£ڼһ̯ҴֲýŵģûǸ
÷Ӿ֪Ӧϻû²ϵĻ˵Ķ˵ˣҪСҳŵʱҲŷһ
Ӧϻûͬ⣬Сÿæƣÿ컹ҪֹΣҪˣʵûʱȥ
÷ŭ뿪ȥ̲֮סˣռôõ˼ңʶֱӽ˾ܾˣװ׸˼ңӦϰæϰˣ
˵д𣿽ϱˣкӣȥ˻кӹ𣿣ϲĶȥ


376 
ƽӶǹŮӵĶأкụ̈񶼻û޹ȥ˼ҾŪʮĶҪڣĺ˼ңŵҲˣ
˵ǲͬ÷˵ġ
Ϻҵ׼ԺӣӦҵĸԺմ⡣
÷ܿѡ˼ң϶ͬ⣬²Ϻ檣иӣԺûˣҪŮ
˼Һ˼ҵĶ˭׸㻹ʡʡɣ÷ͬ⡣
ΪѡЩԺ޹ȥܹĺã檣ԺǼôϿ޺
÷ﲻ˵̲ס˼⡣
Ϻͬ⣬˵ʲôҲҪ޹ȥ
ʹ̨ϣա
ʱҺСһʱҲѵĲУӦСֻҪܺСһҪСҲܽܣѾͻȻˣڷϸĿ⡣
͵ػͷǽѾߡ
㣬е뷨ûһ⣬ֻһܣʵֻһӣΪʲôȥأѾһ˵һ߿ŷĽŲͣˣ촽
УΪҺһ¼ѹˣ
ѾŭĿŷʲôһ޼ҿɹɥ֮ȮˣȻ˵ˣ
ڣӦСʺ۲ſ㣬Ϲǻãĵ￴𽪴Ѿڻҹǰ˵Լһ¼ˣ
ת뿪ùŭһ䡣
Ѿ͵ؿϣͷһſھͽƱ磬סۼңȻ˵СĲԣ
־һƣ꾫˭Ҫģ
Ѿڵϣ̫̫
ϲ˵Ѿˣﶼ֪С³ͷһϻں꾫һǿǴϷû೤ʱ䣬˿϶֪ˣһҪôСأƫҪĻˡ
ѾԵ޹ʱвӦСڼң϶ŹԹ޵ĲС
ӿŽѾŤŵôޡ
뿪ϴӽ߳ȥƷ
ÿڼžͷƣûµʱƷߡ
ϿϹֳ֪¶ˣզˣ
ѹԼҸ˵£ﲻޣǽѾ͹ȥСС಻Ƣһϣ˵׼ѵʱСû׾СԺгϢҲ˵Ϻ˼ˡ
һʲôö
ҾûǸƼ˵һ£۱ȽϺáѡ
ͬ⣬¶һҪŮ˵Լе޷ˣű
̾СǾˣҵλ⣬ǰҲ̫ܣţǼ⣬ϲæֹںæ⡣
գ۾͵׵ӣȥ䡣
÷˾Ҫһ𣬡ǲģӦùȥһµģȥĿ϶в̫̫С㣬ʱпϷģǸã
￴ž񲻼ãС޶ռҿ϶ǲҪȥĺáЦ˵
ʾǵʱĵռңֹȥ˼²á
÷ɫһлǲŷզģ
ﲻȥȥǿ϶ЦϷôʱˣСû
ϼӣ÷˵뿪ˡ
СҺӦμңʮƥǽС˽»һ
˵˵ЦЦԭŵ黺˲١
η˿Ÿ˵ĲУҪúд⼸С㡣
еĺöˣ¿˼ˡ
ڶ죬ʽˣһͶС㶼żңҲûôˡ
ϻȥųȻȲҲ˶٣÷ţǺڡ
źƵļһ¶ĶȥռңҪСҼȥ͡
սŵСϱСģհкȥͣӦ̾ܿռҹжãŮֻҪżҺãҲܹĺã
Сͬĵͷͼȥżҡ
̫̫ĽӭţӣɫЦݲá
˻࿴ЦŴȤĺá
̫̫վſڶǳ棬ʲôҪľͺҪֱң񻹲̫ϤԺҲҪ
˵Ҫˣ̫̫׼˵ĺˮһнġ
Сͨ죬׼õģ
һһ˵ţ˵ʱ¶˵ơ
ӦڶҲƣСŪľƸǾ壬һ˵ûꡣ


377 ո
ǮҺͶС㼸ȻҲϡǶС㣬ʱʱĸӦһо
˵˵žͿҪˣͻȻһСŮײײܹһſôˣˮĴ۾ȫǿ־塣
ЦŽ
ĽһǰſС֡
ڻһһҪƺʲô
СҪн㣬˰ôǽ㣿
½ǽˣ
СҿƽŮô̵ʱ񣬸οݸһõӡ
־Ŀţ֡
һ̵߽һҪӹ
лл㣡۵СͻȻӣŤͷĻ
ҪˣֻҪ˯˰͵Ҫ˱šĺ˵š
ͲˣȥˣôСĶãŻô
˿ӣ̾࣬ĺҲϱӻˡ
ĵĽ˯ţҪﱧȥúտš
ǮҸ̾ռĶϱиˣ
Сͬȷʵ
ǿҪСý˰ôСͿʼ˼ǣߣǮЦŴȤ
ҿźʵģҲ˵
Ȼ˵ˣҲ㣡˵վŽСҹ
СæΧܣǮץסɶöȻôϸۣ
ҪǵҪҾͲ˵СҵĿżˡ
УôôҽҪ֪ʲôö
Сҽ˵һ顣
СǮһõʲô˵
Ų㣡С˵Цӵһߣ
Ц׷ţƽͶԪʱÿ׷ϵӡ
ӦһܣֵӣԪ˲ͣ£
ŷֶԪƽæͣ
ԪĿӦЦ˵ǼСھˣô£
ﻹû˵СǰǲǴһ£ҲܵҲ̫ˣ
죡ԪûĵһۣǾɩӺ۸ǲǣ
ӦˣС㡣
Сһۿ㣡
Ӧ΢΢ͷտģû˵
׹ˡ
С׹ҲԹ,⡭ѽﲻ˵
żΪԼﶼþˣƽŶԪ뿪߰ɣǶľˡ
ԪӦﲻĵĽüͷ
Ӧ￴ӣˣ߰ɣҲ־ˡ
˸뿪ͽӦΧм䣬һҪĻ
СһؼҸӦ˵ˣӦҲ˵ĲУǸиģϣ쿪ۣܱһ̥Ǹӣ
˵һСһص䣬йҵǸո໹𣿡
ʱûˣūǿСҪʱʱģСͳȥĻūٵ伸оͺˣǶϡУСԺǲҪˡ
СҿǲϲѰ𣿡Ч֪ⶫ϶϶Ҫ軨Ǯȥ䡣
ǲϣϵʱܳҵƲסʵʵ˵
Сҵͷ֪ˣȸһӵƳУп𣿡
ԣūҩĻһˡ
СóӣҪȥԣȻǼ˸õȲˡ
ԭ׼ϾͲ٣æƳиС
ƽҩзڱǰţкܶҩģȥʮܷͽСҪ䷽ԺҰԡ
ƽĶһп¾ҪӣһҲ͹ԺԼŪȽϺá
ⶫ󣬡ﻹŸ׼ϺõѣСȥɣôһ£ֻ˵Цһ£æ͹ȥʱ䳤ˣˣҲ˼ˡ
ӦҲҪ˹ˣǹʷӵġ
ЦˣǶףūҲżȻõķӣλСϲūλСһ򵥵ķӣЧһġ
Ǯһ֪ոطûйǿ󣬾Ҫи򵥵ķд
ʱʱľһȴûз飬Ѿͽ˾ۻᲢҽС͸ǼֵƵո˵˳Ǿ¼һ硣
ֱӵˣ˵СҸûнѣ
ѾӣĹǣ÷ͲϺҪף˵׼ܲˣֱȥҽС߾ȥ˼ҼҪСˡ


378 
÷֪̲ݻѸٺСѡ˼ңֱԹϺͲϺѡһʵĵ
ԷǸϵģҺ񣬼ﻹһ֯Ҳܺ
ϺȥõˣֱӾͶӡ
￴˭ֱӽ¾ʵľˣʹޱȣһӸûϣˡ
֪ˣͬ⣬ϺֱӸһȭڣֲ˵һµĸʲô˵ʸ񣿣ڼ˷ˣ
ϵɴ۾ûи𣿣ǰ˵ûжӣһҲʵʵĹӣģ
ڵҪôӣٲʵֱ㣡Ϻѵ֮ҪΪﲻˣҾû취۵飬ñ˶ֱ֣ӾͽȪ֮Ҳ뿴ôһҪĹŮ˵꣬ͷҲصתš
÷״ȹȰ˵ʹ޵Ĳϣ־еԣǲ˾֮أѾҪ飬Գžͱ˱ӣ˺ĹӦСܻʲôûУ뽪Сĵ̬ȡ
ʧˣ˷·ʬһĻš
Ѿȥϴһ¸ﶨ˼ңﱨţǧܼޣ˵ǸеĸӲߣ࣬񻹲ãԶ󶼷ֲһСͿһ֯㶨׵ӻƴ˴ղóģ޹ȥҪһ˰
ߵؿһһҹȥ㲻Ҫѹˣʲôʸ˵ҵ飿
Ѿе׹⣬Һİ㣬ȴҵĺĵ¿ηΣ֪ô
ȻѾ˵ﲻòģ͹ʲϣ˼ңǲ໹۾⡣
Ҳ÷֪ǼҵǶ𣿽˵һ£
÷Ҳܲ˵ͥ˶޹ȥʳǣǸ˼ң
ǲ࣬⣿ʡ
÷΢΢һ˵ģ˼ҳ㣬ôˣ˫۾ôˣ˼ǰʱ򻹶أȻûŹҲīˮģ
˵Ǽ׵ӶòҪƴգ˵ŵŵԣ㲻ҪԼĻҸ˳õĻģҸ˼£ŭ
ؿۣϻ˵ôȥңΪһŵԵôҪȥһ״Ԫ˼ҿϷ𣿵һ仰ͽռҵˣ㿴˼ͼ޹ȥ֮ǰѾӹţŽ飬㲻Ҫˣ㵱¾֮ģ
ǶæںͽС¾ͳˣʱ˵СǸԸ𣿣
÷ʵǲ֪˵ʲôˣתߣٵͷʱֻͷڻ̬ٲĵĻ󲮲ȥϷҲһסҵλӣ˵뿪ˣеϣϺϽӸǺãѷ޳ȥȥҪԹˣ
ϺÿæĽźմأϾޣɱԹŵûкӦϽｪС¶ˣǷھǾ˷ˣԺǹٷˣ
÷СȰ˵ֻܻһͨ
оÿöˮȣʵڱﲻסˣҽС˵
ϢĹֱӾҪסţС΢æʱ򣬿ûʱء
æͺˣùңҿһߵ㡣ҵ˵
˵СҲֱӽ˸ߣСһʱ䲻ڼңҪˣƽæʱʹȥ鷿飬ȥӱߵ㡣
ӦϿҪÿ춼Ҫֳɶ¶
ת۵ʮ£ӳˣС¾ơ
Լû˼ҪȥƷҽСңýС㣬СƵʱ򣬲κ˳롣
Ҳ𣿡ֲˣô˵ƾͿԣͲԿˣ˵ףǲԼѣ
û˵ҪС㣬ūȥ֪ͨС㣬ȻСԺǾԲ˽ȥģ
ȥС˵Ҫȥ˵
Էܲˬ΢΢üСæأȻô˵ΪˣòȥǲҲҪС֪


379 
ͽɣСæϵĹûͷ
һ£Ǽҵġˣ¾Ƶ䷽͵ѧô죿
С룬ӦϺֱӿҪ˵ĲɵķˣƵ¾ҪʮϣӵĺܣҲ޷
Сֻһô䣬ôôٰ
̫æˣڻǺأСͷҲ̧Ļһ䡣
ȥŵǱߣҪ
ȥš
æĲУԼ˵ü仰һģһ߿ţԽԽζ
ӦƣƣСҸǿƴʦֻʲôᣬԽСŲϲİɣЩѧֻҪСϲʲôѧСϲʲôԸģֻҪʱ䣬һñκ˶ã
ȽСһعѾʱԺˡ
·ɾëãֶȵĽ
ڣԸĸ˷һ룬СһůһһȣȴϲԵ˼ھͲˡ
ԷʱӦϸʢķˣҪȥƫԣСӣټӺ½ԡ
￴еɽ亣ζٿԷĽСңǰˣһźţ ҪʲôֱӾ͵ݹˡ
ԼԼûѾߣ·ҪԼϴǲΪǼҼҲſԼģԼС
С֪÷Сʱ϶˵˲٣ԼİҲֳ٣֤ǲģҲ֪Ҫô˵ˣ극ͷȥˣͽСһ书
žͳˣҪСҰӿຣ
żҲ岻ϻֻһߵţ紵ɪɪ촽ˣɲϻݡ
һʱ󣬽Сˣϴ¥ڴϿ顣
Ѿ̺˴̡
΢ ϴһ£Ҳ¥ˡ
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Сң˯𣿡Сʡ
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ҧҧ촽ڣôҵģôô˵Ҷܳܵˣ
֪ôСõ˵
һ£ҧ촽û뵽˵ôֱף˵֪ôܳʱٿڣ￴Ҳ֪ôˣ˵
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һʱ䲻֪ôشòٿڣΪͦΣΣǹټСҲ
ˣټС⣬Ҹ绹ֹľôֻǹټСᣬܻ˹ټСӰԺټС£Ҹ绻ģǵͻٻǰ;С˵
˳۽ǻ£ʪͷ֪Сھǲ֪߳ܵľͻӰԺС£нСǰ;
˲˽ٺãԼ˵ίֻԼĻͻ˴鷳ʱ䳤ˣǾͻᷳԼԱ˶ã
Ҳ˽ҲǴ鷳Ҿǡʹ޳
Сҵ㲻˽Լ˵Ϊһ˸Χ˴˶鷳
ﲻ˵ֻһ߿
Сķ꣬ҾҺ˵Ѿˣʱ뽻ѣ˺˵Ҹ粻ϲ㣬ׯһǹټС㣬Ҹ綼ϲ㣡С̣ԼҸ棬ҾԶز
ţ˽СҵĻñߡ
Сһҵ˺˼ң񶼴Ӻڰ߳ˣֻԼԼ˲Żῴ㣬㣬ֻһζ̣Լ㻻ֻ˵ıӣҾ͸˵ô࣬ʣµԼɣ
û꣬ŪĽСҲ˯á
ڶ峿СҺˣ̫ãһֱ޵ڻû˯ѡ
ֱӳԷͺã˯ɡСϴԺԸ
Ӧϲ˭ҪǽĶϱȢţҲǵ˰˱ӵѪùˣ
Сû˵ԷȥƷ¾ơ
С㣬Թ𴲾Ҫߣū澼״̬ʲôͲˣҪߵģӦŲŻ
СҵͷãĲһþơ
ϲЦտлС㣬СһǲҪȥժѣūҲһȥ


380 ԩ
ȥʱСҿϵѲͰһЩõʮ涼˱ŽѲժһѾƣﳢ˶˵ԽͶ˵ѡ
컹ôȥûܹСЦŴȤ
ϲĶȥĲõڳ͵˺ܶ࣬˺ܶ졣
˲ˣū澽걣ֻ֤æ͵ԣ
װĿûиģ
ˣʱһȥСҽˡ
Ѿ꣬СҾͺͼһȥѹժѡ
ѹĹѾſӭˣС㣡ү
ھͿʼɣ½Ը
СͷԸȥˣһһıժҲܷ㣬һʱŪˣһһ˼ҡ
СҽеѶŪԺ
Ѿϰˣ¾Ƶʱ򣬶ὫеĲ϶ŪԺֽ˺Ժʲôû˵æʲôæʲô
һü죬СҺӦ϶ƷæܿͽѾˡ
һߣֽŪˡ
СϢ΢΢һ㶣²ͦõôֻˣǲԷ˿𣿡
̲סۣǰ˵Էļͥã׵ƴ˴ղŪģ࣬񻹲ʹūȥ˶Էһ˲Ÿ֮ˡ۾ֻΪǰЩʱЩˣǲˣǼҳһ֯кüʮĶأȥÿ껹вٵĶأ
СεҡͷѾʶôˣû뵽ӲʶôҪûˣԺ¾͸Ӳ˵ˣ
Ӧһĭĺӻ򶴣Ҳǵùˣȥ˼Ҳԣ΢һ˼Ҳԣ浱ԼǶô߹أ
÷СҲҪˣ֪ϵĻôͱԷˣԷˣ˵ʲôԸˣСҲû취ҲٹˣҪŷϽߡ
ϺķѾǺˣԺ
С񳹵ױģǨ֮ϲԸȥҲȥæǱԵĳһٷźӾͻؼˣҪȥ˼ԼȥҰɣʲôˣ
бȥ˽Сһˣ۾ۣ׳һ죬˵Ļ޸ͣ˵ԼĲãǹټС㣬ҶУ۾ͱԹ˼䣬˵Щ
Ǽף¸Ӳ˵ˣеԹ޶Ӧһϡ
ϿԺк庢ӵĽѾֻϰԹЩѾȴĺݶ ߥ޲˷ֱӻ£
뿪Ժӣ˵ϡ
һֱڶŽѾ˵ģо飬ԷʱͽѾй֮ǰûýŵǲипġ
Ѿͫһ̫̫ôͻȻˣ֮ǰ˶ǲɢˣԺֻһӡ
Ҫװɵ㶣ʲô˵ʲôΪƱ磬ҾͲܲˣü
ѾۿᣬίĲУͷ˵ипġ
𣬡Ӧ˿ɲЩɥĵ飬ԼסӦңӦҲû˻ϣĲã޵ĲãҪĺӣʱʱǱԺգߥ޷ȥ檣͵͵˼Ҫȥϴҥԣ˷£ҪȻ˼ôͻȻף
ѾҡͷģҴûгȥ˶Ѿǲɢˣǲԩң
ҪƱ磡ûȥжһγȥ˴ͷڶγžڴſڹȥ˺ԺĽСķīֽⶼУҪߴַֽӵ飡ʹٻҲû취£ʲôֱָǽѾġ
ϵ۾ߣֱֱڽѾϣȥԼ
ģǲԩңû飬ѵΪңͽе鶼ƵӦôˣ˵жԷɹߣŷģƾʲôҵϣҲͬ⣡Ѿϡ
ϵɫͲãϻһͼӴ׵Ĳͣ˵ϲϣģӰԼĶӺԼ
ǿиϵֱ˵˵ʵϽ顣
һĵѾɫ˲ͲȻˣǲϣ
Ҫæ顣
ϲƵ
ˣ˽Ѿһۣںܿضţ񶼱ˣӦϴϷ궼ȻǼеĳǲأеСӵϡ


381 Ҵ
СӲȢһݶĽѾС˵ĹˣһǺü꣬ԽԽֱӳǰקŽѾͷʹ򣬡ˣҪСˣҪĺ£ҽ첻㣡
ϵָ뽪ѾͷקסˣѾʹòУ־ϣЩˤڵأ
ϳûڣϣ쿴ŽŶ೤ʱͿʼִˣǰsĸڴţгϢأ
ϱƵۣˣڻҴˣ
ǵģֻʶķ鲻ģǲΪᣬͽ鶼ƵҵϣǲԩңѾ޺
ԽԽ£
Ѿ
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Ѿ죬ǲٻˡ
ϵÿһ¶ʮȻ϶ѧʲԭ򣬵ܿУĲ˵ҪľӹӣϿͷһϻŶӹһ
Ѿ߸һѣ̱ڵϣѪ˳
ˣҺÿţûҵϷŭķԸš
䣬ӣѾӵݺݵؽƵķ
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Ͽɫ˲Ͳˡ
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ϼĿ
ӦСһϣѾ񶾵飬ǿ϶Ǹˣ
Цӻ治̫ʹʲôʱˮˣʲôʱܿ ˰ɣ
ӦСɫѿ϶ǴѾģͲԼûгԹΪɶҪ¶
֪￴ϵС»ˣȥССҪùüҰЩĺֶҲ㲻ţǶۿģ
˵ôֱףüͷһʲôû˵
ҲţһӦйϵӦСĵһӦǽѾֱݺˡ
㿴һ˵ѾùãƫϱϱҲ֪ǺǸʲôԻ˵ʲô㶼ҿǻ߰ɣҪѼŪɢˣǶҲܺãͷ㻹˵ǿЦ˵
ӦСһ˵մ˽ѾתͷԺܡ
Ѿߺ޵Լӽе죬ͱڴ˹ܡ
ӦСһſľĳΪԼۻˡ
ѾӦӦС˲ͱˣίᣬС磡
ӦСϱòˣ۵ĲУѾʲô
Ѿĵվ˵ӦСĻޡ
ӦСӣ֪϶ԩίˣ˭Ūģôôص֣
ѾʹĲУӦСĻί˰죬˵϶Ҳû취ʱһ߿ţͼӴײͣ˵ΪҪݺСٻ£ʹȥС
ӦС§ڻ̫
Ѿ־֣ĸߣˣǻȥǰסСԺӣ࣬ҲίҪˡ
ӦСϸĺ壬ȥϰｪѾΪɶѾˮ𣿣
ϼӦСִ˵ģȴԼõĿզţѲɻңѾǸʲôˣǴĿãֻϹʲô˼ҳҴ𣿡
ѾÿԺţûгȥǿˮѾû飬Ӳ˵ԩôᱻ򣿣
ϺڳСӣڻԹˣԼô˵ģҪʳԼԼȴżҪ㽫Ǹݶļ˴ΪʲôҪٻµ£ҿ
ӦС߬ȭͷ
ӦϺŭ𣬡
ҲֹС
ǻǶǱߵģѾԩѾѾûԲǵ飬ǾǱߵٲҪǴˣӦСתҪߣǣ߾ͺˣˣǸӿңҴ뿪裡


382 Ѫ
˵תͷߣŽѾʰź뿪
ѾѾڷʰˣûߵʱźӾͿˡ
Ͻ׷С
ӦСȨźӾߣȻѾǾңߣУ
ָıӣӦûĲФӦϱ˰Ļ˶
ȱСò׻߰һȰ˵ϣһקӦСֲߡ
ӦϺ죬ɫԽԽѿ
Ϻ϶ӦϺĲ񣬡
ͷӣϵдŲ
ӦϺʵڼֲȥˣһεȥȥʱ³Ѫǻ䡣
ϼŵòУһʱ䷽ҡ
Ӧ϶ֱӵ˳ˣˣȥУ
ŵӿӦϺȥˡ
ӦϺѪӦҳˡ
Ӧ϶Ȼ־壬ȻЩǣһϣǸ˶Ҵ
ӦϺѪһ̱ڵϣСүү
ӦСӳȥϺµӣµĽŲһ£ִӺǰߡ
Ѿˣʱ뿪ӦϺʲô⣬ñӾͿǵͷˣͣסŲС磡Ҳүӳµʱ߰
ӦСҡͷѾݲǣҾڼңǱߵֻᴦ㣡˵ӦϺͽСҡ
ӦСѾɹԹӦϺͽСңѾ۾һ˿⣬ֻҪܺһҪҹʲôӶԣүӳˣˣ˻զǣʱСţǰ;ͻˣǼҵδҲͻˣ
ӦСԥˣʱʱ򣬼Ҳ״̬϶ʲôġ
үӱϾĳôֻҪ˾ǲТѾһ˵һקӦСţҪ˶ӦôŰģҪʱӦϺǸϲĳ⣬еԼͷϡ
Ӧ϶˴Գǰ˶վס
ӦСŭĻͷɶ
ֱ׳ӣӦ϶־һƣүүѪ˻ߣҹȥ
ӦСһƣͣϵķŭԡ
Ӧ϶һǰѾеĺӶȥקŽѾԺߣ˹ӦСѺԺ
̫ˣſңСңѾɫ԰ף˻ߵŭš
ӦСŭӦ϶ſ
Ӧ϶һƣӦС߸ߵӣȥţʲôʱүүѹʲôʱӦ϶קӣֱק
ӦС˳̵ţû﷢֮ţȲӦ϶˼ʮˡ
ϼȷŭۣҪǰš
Ӧ϶һֱۣӾͲҶˡ
Ӧ϶һźݺݵӦСϥϣӦСʹڵϣӦɸϹˡ
ҿǣүүûѹǲʵţĲ㣡Ӧ϶ŭ
Ӧһ㶣զˣ
ôϻ
֪˶壡ӦæӦŵϹŵˣǽѾǱˣɻʣйϵ
˲˵̲סˣֱǰľϸϸĽû£ŶҪü꣬ڻˣܰүүѪֽݶСȢţ͵ʰɣ
ģûϵǲԩңѾš
û˵ԼҪǲϣǾͽйһʾ֪ˡ⿴ӦСˣǼһиأ߱ĸʱ֤ݰڹǶۼģ㲻ǣƫƫС˵ģǽйʣ˵ҲŰɣ
ּĻǻ˲֪٣ÿһӦСķŭԽһ֣ЩӦϺͽСǳġ
ӦС ˲ţŤͷ򽪴Ѿ֪֪
ѾһίӣҵĴҵĴ˵ʲôǶԵģҴˣɱҰɣˣ
ӦСק֣˵ʲôɵ㣬㣬һΪ֤ף
ϳˣϣ˵ʲôĶӺͶϱڼӦҪûˡ
ϼģ󵹡
ӦۼֿæǰסȲҪŭ
Ϻ޲ôϹ۵Ĺ


383 Ϸ
Ӻܿл˸ϽõطȥӦϺ
ӦϺĲûô򵥣ûɼȻеѪ³ˣҲ̱ڴˡ
ϺæŲϸϹһΪﱻ׵£ȻȻǽѾƣϺʱŭ
ϼŷ֣㶼վˣ˵ǲС˽ȥССģҲ˵ĶԷüﻹûǮģ
ĵĿŽѾݶСˣǴϽҳģװίҲֻǸʺ۵ӦС˵ٺٽƱ磬
ңûǶԩңС˵ʲôʲôǻŪңһ˰ˣѾʹޡ
ӦСŭӷʲô˵Ѿݶļˣ˼ҲҪ㣬㻹ƤȥڻݴѾ
죡ӦңϾȥ˺ˣ
ԭС˵Ļû취ܣڶԷˣʮĲ෹۵Цϣ˼˵ʲôĶʲô˵ʲô˵вˣҪӽܲˣӦСֱʺ۵ĻҲԼˣ
ĴУǲǼˣȫǼˣûף˿ӹһ𣬻ûžʹ˶ӣ˭ûǼǾǲҪĹŮ
Խ˵ӦСɫԽѿ
ӦȰ裬Ҫ÷ｫŪȥ
÷ŷߣɲģͷţʱ䣬һ꣬ȫǸڱˣӽܲˣָŽѾıӣҪĺ꾫֮ǰҪ޸ȥ˼̣˼ҿ㣬͸˼ҩź˼Ұã϶ͱ˯ˣų׶೤ʱһҰ֣֪Ǻأ
÷þȫקߣ۾ǺӦСҪĻ˶б˵ңҲԼĺϱеҰ񣡻û׾ͺһ𣬿϶Ҳܺͱ˹һ𣬼ˣ
СӦѿɫ˷һƣסڣ
ίĵᣬţƾʲôңҾͲȥˣΪʲôҪ裿
۵ĲУﱧڻʹ顣
Ѿݺݵ߬ȭͷ˵Ļп־ĲУ䣬֧һεȥ
ѾôˣҪңӦСҪ
ţôôһεˣҿǲװذɣ
Ѿεˣ㻹˵ĻӦС۾ŭ
εˣֲˣڣ£Ӧ϶ܻүүҲˣһĵĻ˵ȴݶСˡ
ҲۣСүүһֱ㣬ôԼүүҲεˣǱ赹ģһĵĻ˵ȴ§Сˣʲôӣ
ӦСʶȷʵԼĲԣĬԡ
ϺӦɽѾݺݵˤڵϡ
ĵʹҪѾƹг
ȥУѾ
йѾȫ۰ףһȥģһ룬ʹָϡ
Ѿû뵽ǻ̲סг
һװģƻĺ꾫ϵ
ӦСۣϵĻʼԹ
һһӣ룬ȥӦϺ
Ѿ۾Ҹղоðǣת
˵ɣûһ˻㣬Ϲ۾ӦС϶㰡Ц
ӦСеķӦɵĿŽѾɿ߸ڱĵذϹôãеֱռˣѾ
ԣǶ֪ǽ㿴ôۣ϶ʲôûٿǵ֣Ҳũ㿴һ𣿡Цš
ӦСţǰסѾ֣Ѿ־ĶӦСĻ
ˣͷס컯֮¶˻ϣ˵ļӣһŻл˶ټ˶ίǶģŭ
ѾųޣսɵӦСоǿ־嵽
Ǿǿǣ޿۸ǣӦС޵ĵϡ
۸˵ʱô˵»ٻô˵үүѪԸӦòɾĹۣúÿǶǲģ˵꣬תȥʱ˶Լģȫ˱ϡ
Ѿ뿪ӦСĻгС磡ûˣӦСš


384 Ӧϴ¶
֣üͷסڣٸҳһ䣿
ӦСｪѾ飬ҪѾԼţݵ񣬷·Թˣĵ׵Ŀ־
һڴߣӦϺûκҪѹļ
еüͷһ𣬺ſڴ߿
ϰοһӺ£϶ûµģ˼һ£ʣҪƼ˵𣿡
أڹŮǽѾָҪôƣСҵɲٻˡ
׺ϵ⣬Ƽˣָʲô¶ˣǽѾĲģȫûкúùӵ˼ơ
ӦһֱȴţҹӦϺڻУӦ϶ӦϺιҩֻԽȥһ㡣
ӦС棬һδΰҪѾȻȥ岻С
ӦҪæ˵СãھӦóͷģȵˣϵĶдˣӦΪеĳҲۣӦСѾ˻꣬үѪ˵¼ﶼҪӦˡ
Ӧһ˲ˣֻܺɸֵĿӦС
ϿСۣӦϺڻڴϣ֪ʲôʱֻܶڽеᡣ
ϷҪǶȥˣȥɣ϶£
ӦҲҪϺ϶ȥŰɣС
ҪǹȥɣҲˡҪҲȥ
Ӧɻ˵̡
ȥϺֹ
ӦҪ½Ӧ϶ŵ㾫
ϻ࣬͸ȳԵ㣬ǼҲ˲ˡ
޾ɵĵͷϲͬҪѾȥҪţ
ȥɣҲĵģ˵׼ʲô񶾵˼Ͽ
ϳţˣ߰ɣ̷ˣҪﰭۣ
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ϴ߳ŭĿŽѾ׼үүѲ͸һֱţ
ֳһӦ߰ɣ̫̫ԸҪ뿪
ӦСŽѾͷŽѾȥˡ
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ԺңٴҲûã̫ˣ
ﻹֵܼأ
ӦϺ󷿵ӣϱûͷˡ
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Ӧ϶һ£ͬ⣬Ѿˣ檣ͳװˣ
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ڶ峿˵ӦϺˣ˯еĽѾӦСҪȥǰţ
ӦϺ̱ڴϣҪ˴򣬴ҩúϢŰɣǧҪٶŭˣ´ξ˵׼᲻ˣ
ҵһֱźϰϷǰӲأӦ϶˵
Ǹöǿ壬ѹҪƽϰأ
Ӧ϶˵Żͳţ͵͵ӦϺʲô
ЦҡͷģҪˣİɣ
һߣӦϺҩˣӦСʶһ䡣
ϿӦСͽѾͶģҪ˶뿪
˵µģŶӦϺȻ˵ֻһٲ֣ҲǽѾӦСֳģҼʹӦСǸ Ӧˣ
Ϸ֣ӦϺͺȫӦС͸ˣʼԼˡ
˼죬Ӧϲ֪飬½ھ¥ԷĿ˵ˣؼ˵Ӧϡ
ӦϻΪһ鷢
Сдţ˵ӦϴһϷŮһģҪȥ檡
ȻӦϿϲ˳ۣӿӦСͽѾ檡Ӧϴͷֵܻжӣ϶Ͷ˼ϵӣýַ죿


385 
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С˵Ҫ·һȥ
˹֪ϢѾȥˡ
һӦϣͽľһ飬Ѫ˻ӲţʵܲεˣﲻøǣǺ꾫ҪǣҲǵģ
Ӧȥ￴ӦϺӦϺѹü廹ôŭĳǸ˶أҪҹΪڼҾ޷ˣҪùõĽѵ
ӦԽԽϲȷ
½ۼֿķƼզˣ
ǹӸҽйӦϴ 
СҽһҪŭ
ӦϺһߺһȰ˵̫̫ƢҪĸˣ
ｫծ֮СҾһֱӦϵۿһãôͻȻͲεأ
ͻȻЦ̫̫ԺҪעˣ
½һЦݣĻѵСϲˣ
Ϻ½ͬʱƼ˰
Цŵͷ·ݻ̣ܿ϶ȷʵˡ
˸ЦģȥУ˵Ļ̫ţһʹôͣҪйУ
˵ӦϿˣӦϺɫҲ˲٣ż޴ӣʲôһ˻֪ص㣡
Ӧ½ҪӣȻﺢӲ٣ȴûһ½ģ½˵û£п϶⣬ǰӵ飬Լ½ô࣬˵׼ʾˣҪòŮнˡ
½ֱ֪Ҫʲôˣ֪ӦϺţ̫˷ܣ̲סЦҪˣϾҪкˣʹƼⰡ
Ӧ϶ҲЦˣɵˣ
½Ӧ·ĸ˹
Ӧ϶Цɵˣ
˵ЦţӦϵߺˡ
ŵһӱû
мӦҵˣΪӦϺֳʲô飬æҽҩˣҪӦϰ˲ˣ֮˵ʱ仹̫̣ٵһ¾ȷˣ
Ӧȷ϶ˣƽССֵĶܿǰذҩģŪָĲƷӦϺ衣
˷֮Ӧ˵ӦСͽѾ飬Ϊ˽ʲôŵʹСΪ˹ӣΪ˹ӣ
˵ԼĶӣһ˿ŭʱȰ˵ҪѾŵģһȻӣ˵ʲôΪӦҼ룬սžͽӸ˳ȥǲΪǰԼϽСңķӱϲĶӣ
СҲ˵һ߿ϡ
ϸоߵߣŤͷȥúͽСҵϣȻ
СȴѿǸһ΢Ц
֪ôϿŽСҵ΢Циӿ־塣
С漴ջߣ˵ָ𽪴ѾȺͽͨ鱻ӦСġ
ɲ˵ȷǼҿɲܰСҰ֣˵
զȷǷҲֻǲıˡڷĻϲ̫ȷ
ȷܼ򵥰ȿӵòͽɻ߽ûĵطУ͵ѪףСƵ˵š
ϵŽСңǷ˵ôţ
Ȼô˵϶ʲô򲻻տƾ˵ĻӦڷչǵĻɲǰ˵ˣ˽˵ġĻСû˵
ӦҲŷ˵ģǸˣзʱܸо쳣
ѾСĻʺ϶˵
迪ڣǰͲˣзʱͿ϶ᱻˣǹ˾ҩˣʱһѾ˶֣ٽ
ϾýСҲģ˵ʲô
ǲԹˣȻһɣ罫Ӧүгʣ轨顣
þϷûҪȥӦСûƣһʱ֪
ϵüͻͻš
ӦСӦϹû£ȻûþͽԼ߹
æڣС㵱ʱһκͽѾзʱʶ𣿡
ӦСһͿӦϺͽСңʲôݺѾ


386 ܻܵ
㿴ùøɶʲôùãѲ㿼Ҳùйϵ
ӦСɫѿԭǴЦģڿȫſھѵ⣡
ӦϷŭҲûãֻǵ;˵ӦүôͣܽүүˣҪ˸дƷ϶Ҳܸо
ӦСӦſھ˵дƷŭùԩѾ
ԩӦһ
ϳֹСܶùò
Ͻ⳶˵ʱзʱѵĻκģ֮ǰǺȾƻҪԶ㲻ѣ˯˸˯Ҳ֪
ѾѾΪﱻһˣʲô
˶Ҷһָͷ𣿲ҶôˣΪʲôѵĶš
죡ѵӦС
ʱѵĻǱҩˣҪ˯˸ʣµĻָ֪ӦСı˵
ӦС˵ģϣԼȷʵ˼ˣѹʱѾˡ
ϼӦСߣһקסСʵʵ˵ʱǲǱˣ
ûûСӦСҡͷ
ϿӦСı֪м϶¶˵ʱʲô
ûʲôΪʲôǲңѾĶϱӣ㲻һԿ˵ڮ٣ôһǣӦС
ϼﶼ˵ˣҲоԾȻάǸˣвɵøӷŭ
Ƕûй׷ÿ˶û¡
Ӧϻؼ֮½ͲҪκ飬ֻҪ̥ʲôԻȻ嵭ģ
ӦεĿˣûʲôԵģ
½ϴɵɵЦҪúţͲȥˣҰ㶢ţо¥Ŀɣʱ䳤ˣٴȥʱҪίˣ
ҪÿҪң
ѩܳȥѾ϶ˣһզ죿ȥ˵Ҹһ𣡡˵꣬½ӦûԵģģ裬Ӧϵ̲á
Ӧƶʳƻūÿᶢų̫̫ƽֻҪ˶϶û⣡
½ŷˣӦϵֿʼԺǸŮСӣӦʲô֡
˶ΪӦϸеġ
СϣǸܵܣҪܵܣСûˣ϶Ͷ̥ӦϵĶǰʱԸ
ǹŮãֻСһӦи½˵ŮãСÿ춼æĲУȻвˣвٺýãЩģһͬĽû취ġ
УֻҪܵܣС֣ǸãСܾû취ˡ
㲻СһˣӦϲ׽СôôҪܵܡ
СճűȽϴĺӵʱ򣬺½СңӲ׽٣С󲿷ʱ䶼棬СƨһճţСǳҪӦϽСŪߡ
СһڣŮн͹ˣСܶ¶ʱۼҵĶӷɢʲôطĶУ໥Ӧ˼æӦҾֵ̫ˣ﷢չˣǹܲô಻Ըɷġ
ӦЦ˵ССͣ뷨٣
½ͬС˵ģֵܣٶСӣǾ߬ȭͷšһɴҵˣ
ֵʱӦϴŹƻˡ
½ȥӵģӦϴ³󻹸һʮĹɵõһ
Ӧ𾪵ĿӦϴ󣬡ӦϺĹӦãάЦݣѾߣ
Ӧ϶û˵ѾߵĻΪʲôҪϷӦϴӡ
ǹﳤʮˮ飬־ĿǰһС
СۣȻȥɣӦϴʲôû˵ȻȥϽŪҪأ
½ӦУȻӦϴ󼴽˴ˣ϶ѾӦԵķӦڵҪ檣Ҫɹˡ
ӦɻҪǸСʲôˣӦϴӺͽѾӦϺòᣬɫš
С˵ĻֻǿһЩ򵥵ģȻӦϴһ·϶̸ߵĻӦϴһͱɫиӺ£ǲϱͬ⣿ǲҪѾˣ
ӦȻ֪ӦϴҪ檣û뵽Ӧϴֱӽ˴ˣ¼£Ҫȥ
ﻹڼɣǹȥ˵ʲôԺҪԹޣڻУڼúŰɡСҲȥ


387 ìܼ
аӿ϶ͬ⣬˵Ҫôأүӳܲס˰ӦϻҪȥ
˾˽˴϶Ӧ֮ߣҰ׹ӵ˵ˣСǸŮˣҪҲֻʱģɱİˣ
СҷӦϴǵ͵Ĵ壬Ϲ̲ܽãҪӦСͽѾֱӽӦϺˣϿ϶ռ˿ͻݵĴϱ϶ֵ˺
ӦȴģϿ϶һͨҪ˶֪Ӧϴ
СҽڷУӦҲһˣж˺ͼӣ϶ûµġӦÿдŵʱϺӦСģϿ϶Ѿ֪ڡ
½žƻصңӦҵģӦϺĻа׼ҵĺܶࡣ
СҲ鿴һ£ûϴεĺá
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ûϴεĺãΪԭɡС˵š
һĹǰ佪СңСˮ࣬ûȥ곤ĺãƳҲ̫ˡ
СҵͷˣѾ׼˷ˣϽݳ԰ɣ
˶ܸлСңÿ;ƵʱһｪСҺӦϾ׼˸ָĳʳ
Է󽫾Ūã½ҪȥӦҿӦÿĵԶеĺӲãǱڣڿ϶ܱӦϡ
ﲻõˣǾڼϢͺˡСһ˵ȥ
һӦҵķҪˡ
˵ӦϴҪ檣˵ʲôͬ⣬ɶģҸӣŵԼĵչˣǲǾü﷢ˣжˣҪ檣ңҾԲ
вңĺöӣһȥӦϴŭͬʮ꣬Ӧϴ˽ϣȻǸԵģĻǲԵҲԣȻҪǸεѪ
Ӧɼֱ֣ӸˣôûйҲпͰ㲻ܽ
вɣӦɾ͹ӦϴЦ˵ˣ
Ӧ֪ͬӦСؼҵ鹢ڻ㲻ܽǼŪɢ˰
Ūɢ˭һݶļ˴ؼңһӲð˭Ҫǻͬ⣿ӦϴŭĿӦС
ӦС죬ǲҪǻ㲻ԹҲԹ޴磡ҪҲðھʹŴѾߣҲǸ˸ϳȥúùӣ
㾹ȻҶҵָֻţҶ㻹̫ˣҪ㲻֪ߵغ񣡡Ӧϴһƣ˶㽫үүεһû㣬Ȼָʾˣ
ӦϴһȥӦСɶˣʹڵϡ
ϼӦϴҪ檻ӣ嵽ӦϴǰĴУǸȢŹС𣿣ǱˣǴƼȰ˵˵ʲô壬Ǹ˻𣿣СҲˣҪҲҰɣǸ˫˫ɲǸã
ϸæ˵ϾȻڴƼϣֻñĮĿš
Ӧ϶ɫҲѿˡ
ӦϴЦԼöӣִƼˣǸѾϴˣ
ϷŭĻɺгˮ
סջû׾˷֮ʵףǸܽţӦϴ
άãǼǺҲͬСȢСңһֱǺңûѾͽűңҲ˼ˣ뷨˵˳
ðڽﻰ˵ˣ˶Ǽ֮ ֻĺö֮ˣӦûйӲŵˣ
ҪȰ˵âӣ첻֪ҪôȰƼϿģѾſڱտڶСңҪСˮӦСǸûӵĻţԴΪ˼ҿˣ˵ʲôͽСһ𣬼ȥСҵ
˵ӦϴҪ檣ʲô˵ˣŤͷ۲Ӧ϶ı飬Ӧ϶ڶԼҲԽԽˣҲѵ⣬ȥӦ϶ǲҲҪ檣ôţûӦϴˣ첻˵
ϼûһȰ˵ŻһĮ̬иӷŭˡ
ӦɱӦϴȣʹð檰
죡ҲһӦϴŭ
Ӧ𾪵Ŀ û뵽ӦϴԼĶԹˣڱˡ
Ӧɲ˵ˣӦϴ߷ӦСϣԼԭһζĽڱϣǼû
ѾûӦС˵ʸֱӽӦСٴθϳš


388 Ѫ
ӦҲôеϱ
Ӧ϶Ӧϴ϶ҪȥҪȰ˵磡
סڣԼԼӦϴҪ죬ԺԹ
Ӧ϶ʲô˵ֻһ߿š
Ϸŭˣ϶뿪Ҳ϶ҪǸС˽ţӦϴȻҪΪǸС˽ԼͶӶϳȥģӦϴбֱӸ飡ĺ꾫ȥҸڵطקŵϵӦСҪߡ
Ӧţ뿪ڵطֱӽǸŮȢˣ
ԸľӦϴ϶飬ôʣûκζԲӦҵĵطڷˣҪԼĭӾҪҵţӦôģʱֱ檣һֹǸСˣһ滹Լڼϡ
˼ʹ£ֱӻʰѾҪߣҪӦϴԼҲǺ۸ģ
ҪߣӦɺСקŲ뿪ӦСŭĿһС 㱻ڿϲˣҪǸߣãߣ
㻹˵ң˭ſڷģԺԼԼ
ǿϴѾԹǣߣԲҪκζӦõľҪңӦС߬ȭͷš
һӦСҪּҲϿȥˣݵĿӦСŵĽүţϵҷϣ˻ǮһǮûҪѾļȢţŪļＦȮڻּҲ
һ죬˭ҲּܷҲӦϴĲУҪȥҪԹùãǸ˵ʲô߷磿
ӦСҧĵӦϴ
ѾӦСӦϴͷϣֻܽìܼ
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ͬʱѾŤͷһ
ӵͷȥӦСԺУ
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ѾӵеˮҪʲôҪʲô
ͬʱǸѾȡӦСһѪ
Ѿ״ȫҪ
ӦСɵĿǰһС
ȡӦСѪҪѾǰѾѾ˿סҪ붼ò
ϵһǰг찡Ȼڣ
ϿеĽ˲ͱˣһùȥ
ӶǿӦСǰǺӺͶүѪģѪֲڵ
ѾкţԩңСңģģ
ӦСʲôףиһɵѪɴ۾Ҳţôԩǣ߻УһҪŪѾ
ǰ㻹ţзʱ㲻ѣڻ𣿵ɴĹۿǺʲôطһӦҵκһһƣ˵ĻС飬ͽ¶ϡ
۲ˣѾеĺӺӦ˵κһ˶񣬵Ǻͽкܶĵط
ӦСǲţǷſ߿ԣǲѾˮ
߹һѪȫݣɫ࣬ǸҰָҴ
ѾҪ飬ɫ˲ͱˣֵĵ۾ǷſңС磡ҪݺңģһҪңһֻһ˰
޺ӣӦС۲ѣʱ˽صʱ򣬽ѾŴ£һȰȾƣѹʱ򽪴ѾѾ˯ˣִ˾ᡣ
ϼѾӶеƲסֱӷԸ
Ӧûһƫ򽪴ѾˣӦСҲסˣѾֻ˽
ϲ˷ǸҰִȻţ͵飡
ϿӦСײǽͷó룬Լȥϴ룬ԼȥŪˮҲûϵǲҪԩ
ѾҡͷУҪС磡㲻ǵģ
ӦСе룬ٳûнӹҲûղάѾˡ
ϽȥУ˵ȥˮ
СҪߵϣڲǶʱǹȥɣ
龭˲Ͱˣ·߲ȣСӦɲϲǿվá
ֱȡһѪ˲죬ȴûһ˺塣
Ѿ˻ߵĿ޺ţֱץӦС֣ҲȡһѪ


389 ౩¶
һһֱû˵Ӧϴ󣬡磡СҲεѪɣ
Ӧϴ߹ϣѪС
ܿ죬ӦСĺӦϴһ𣬶ǺӵȴôҲû취ݡ
ϹʱÿһĻսĿŽѾҪĺ꾫˵꣬˹ȥ
ӦɺСҲڿһûע⣬Ϻݺݵˤڵϡ
Ӧɼŷϡ
ܣⲻܣʲô취ݺѾһҪŸ𣿣ӦСʹ޵ҡͷŽѾǿˡ
û뵽ӦСʱ˿̻ŽѾͷǰ㾹Ȼǲţ
ŭϹ۵Ĺ˵ݺôݺĿڣôǺӺĲڣ
ӦС˵Ѿôһӣ裬϶ᱳԼģ
ʱ͸˵ˣΪ˼븻˼̸ҩ˼ҰóףǳױײˣҪѾҵˣΪƽɣ˷֮ʵˣ˼ҲҪܳϺͽѾз㣬Ҫһӵڹ˵ֱڿ˵š
˼һ£ӱѾ飬Ӧү֤
ѾƴĵֽֿŶסˣиİһʹѪС
ӦСͺӵѪҲ
ӦСɫ԰ףеӺͽѾѪڣȴӦСѪų⿪ӦСеһӵڵϡ
ڵϣͻȻ򽪴ѾҪģŭˣѾӣ˶ԭõǰ;ڻű˵ĺƣ޲ô
Сţȥ
Ѿûھͱ¶ˣʲôûʲôûõ
ڵʹޣ˵ԼǱݵģӾӦСģС磡ģǿ϶˹ƣΪܶίж֪Ǿݺҵģʱ֪ˣ϶ڵģ
һµͷ˻ϣ㻹Ҫʲôࣿڰǰľʵ˲ţǾȥɣɱڼô죬˶ʲôϹ˹ۿôκЬ
Ӧŭ𣬡С㻹ǰǸʲôŮ𣿣飬ҪӦϴҪȢ檵ҪˣýѾˣµõӦϴĳ谮ȡҾͲɢˣ
ӦСľګ̧ͷǰѪڵĳߺӵĿͣһš
ϼ鲻ԣæֽˣı
˼æǰһ£ӦСһѪ³һ˹ȥ
ˣӦϴǿбǴ顣
ӦСȥ䣬ѾڲУӸʱš
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Ӧ϶ӦڿУӦϴӦϺô
ѾˣӸӦСģӦҵĹ⣡ӦСô棬ҲӦҵĺӣѾƽǲƽϣȻŵʱǸģ´ȥӦҵ˾Ͷˣ
Ϻ͸˽ѾҲ͸ӦСʹ޽ѾӦСľҪӦСʹ򽪴ѾӦСԹϣȻìͷ׼ԼϹ˹۵ҪѾŪڹ֮У
һҪôѾ⣬ļˣͨ飬Ӧýȥţ
Ӧ̾ϹٸҪֵ˾֪ˣ
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Ӧ϶һۣҪ˵
͵ӦϴСۣæˣӦ϶ԼҲҪ檡
Ƕϣ˭Ҳ˵Ҫô졣
϶ҪѾϳȥҪúýѵһҰӣ϶ҪϳȥӦС͡
һֱ̫ɽûõİ취
𽪴Ѿͺ޵ҪѾҰһŪ
Сţ϶нİ취ҪǹȥŪܽͷķߺޣҲ˾˰
ɺ۾Ӧϵʱ˵ĴȻ˵ʲô ҪȫǣҪǸݶС˽űԼСһӣ
Сϵӣ֪ҪôȰ˵ϵ飬ʱӦϹȰ˵ѾܾûнӦţڻǺͺģҪ檣ǶҪЧ£ԼڶûӣӦɡ


390 취
ӦϺ廹ûָãۿɫһϾҪȻȥ侲취
ô侲İ취϶ܽѾϢŪнңָôڡ
ӦϲĵĲУȥһҲû˯ãֱ˲ŵֲס˯˯ˣ½𴲣Ըȥ˭ҲҪŵӦϡ
Ӧ˱ԹⶼʲôʱˣҲ֪ң
ЦŸˣүԸģҪ̫̫úϢ˫ӵ˸Ҫú˯
ӦϳԷĲɣļҪȥ½ӣ緹Ŷ׼ȥӦϿ
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½һ˵ɶ ֮ǰͻˣӦСôһ㶼֪
Ϲ˹ۣСˣҧһأҪҧأߡ
Ӧϴţɫ˲䲻ˡ
½ӦСԹ޴ƼڳҰӵ飬һҶҪԹ޴Ƽæ˵أ
½ɫãϷӦ˵©죬ڨڨ˵ȻǸĺģԴҪˣ벻ҪôǸСҰ֣
ֻҪϢ©ȥԺ̧ͷˣҲܰװһСҰ֣ѾǸˣҲŪ
½дΣϽҳʲôö
˵ʱ򣬺ϴˣ㣡
½æӦˣ
½һţϾӦϵҪ½һȥǣһ㣬Ǿ˵ģһȥɣܴһ£Ǽҽ֡
ŪĲͦãͶɿ죬϶ܽð½𾪵ĿӦϺҪܸԼңƼСŪľƸãʵ飬ûй뷨ûл̵λãԼǮ٣һһĺãò̡
½˼ʱ͵ʶӦϺͺ˵òҪ̽Ǽû̵˼Ҫλ
ۿᣬӲˣ˺ģľûǵĺãл̵λãպҲҪ˶ȥİ
ԺСҪ;ģ
ǵٵģﲻ̣ɻʡ
ʵҲһ̣ģٵģ̵ģ̸һġ
ӦϺڣ͵ѡٵʱˣӦҿ϶ᱻˢ̲ڱ˵ľƺãô¾ƣ뽫̵λռˣ򽥽չ̲ܶ˰⼸һֱ˼ԼˢҲҪڹŮҵͷϣҪչͳ˸ˣ
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˵Ӧϴõѵ⣬ҪǵľͷģԼĻ취
ӦɽôҪСԼ취ǼһޣСô죿
ԼĻҪǰæ
ӦӦϴѵ⣬ʲô಻˵ˣߴӦССϽ룡ʾͰոոն˵
ӦСۺѪ˿ȻĿŷеˣʲô˵
֪ԼˣҪǻûģ϶ͻʧˡ
ãŷһܲҼһ棿
ӦҪֹӦϴȿڣȥ
ӦɲΥӦϴӦС񷿡
Ѿ϶ˣʲôûУѾĲϣϻбµĺۼǱĲӣѾޣڻǽ¶ʱǸˣȻԼע֣


391 Ȼ
ô֪ģѵΪ֮˵Ļ
Ѿҡͷ϶ǣϻô϶ǽСҺӦϣˣ
洫Ųȫ䱸־Ŀż򿪵š
ӦɴţӦСŽš
ѾӦСţίԩı飬С磡
ӦСӣܣǰͣ
Ѿ۾дŹ⣬ҪվӦСǽҲӣһˤڵϣĲۣС硭
ӦСʹ࣬ûǰһæڻûˣѾ˵ʵǺӵǲҵģ
ڶˣԸǵĲԶңѾУ˳ջ䣬㵱ʱҪҵʱ˵ʲôұݺˣ㾹Ȼһԩң
˵ӵ˭ģӦСʹĵĿŵϵĽѾû취ôˣڿ˵˾Ȼᱳ
Ѿȭͷ߬һ𣬡㻹ǲңðɣӲģҺͱͨģŽǼңΪǸӣÿŸָá㲻Ǻվһ𣿽ɱ˰ɣҺͺһɱˣ
ŽѾӣӦСĶҡˣ϶ֽţֻ⣿
ӦСӣˣӦɿڣǸģ˵̼СʵǰƱҲûãѾȥҽˣһţҿ㻹ôƱ磡
Ѿֵĵ۾ݺݵĿӦɡ
Ȼõģҿ϶Ҫ⣬飬ͲҪȥҹ̵ˣҵŶȥӦ˵š
ԩңǶƫŰ취ңɴֱӽŪɣѾ˻š
Ӧɼˣ˵ǵʱҩǿȵʱ򣬳˽ˣû֪Ƕ۾ʱɱǽұʱ򣬺һ󣬸ǿǲһģӿ̳ģòŵѪף
ƨѾʹתͷĿӦСС磡ǶǺ˵ģû飡ƫ˵ĶǼٵģҸô࣬ĿҺԩ𣿣
ӦСǾᡣ
Ѿ޺С磡㻹ǲңʹҰɣһܹһѾˣҲҪĻ
ӦСʱĶĥ˵ӵǲҵģ
Ѿ޵ģĺӰ
ӦɴУӦС嶤ʵǰ㾹Ȼţ
ӦС˵ֱǰѾڻ
ѾһĿӦСС磡ֻˣ
С㵽ڻŮڴ̼㣡Ѿˣź㣡
ӦСһԣѾڻ
˿Ųе龰˵˺ǡ
Ӧϴŭ죬˶ҪҹȥӦûô˵ˣ
߹˵Ĳе龰ǿվӾµСæǰš
˵ĶģϲţΪĶѾϹ̶ֳȡ
ӵͷǵģūʲô˵Ҳ̲סģӦСӱ¿ˣǼ˻źƼ޸ʵǰȻԼļˣǼ˵ģ
ҪСȥӦС
ճţͿӦɣ
Сô˵ģץʡ
Ѫ׻ţǼ˵˼ҪĻСˣǵýУӦɷߺ޵˵
վסˣ̱ڵϣһļСҪ;ģﻹ뿿ҫ鹣ôҪļ˹סˡ
ҪСȥС
Ѿסһ˫ѪҺͨ˺ɫӦС˼˽԰ｪѾ⿪ӡ
ϿѾڶӵĻУһĳ򽪴Ѿ
ѾæվӦС
УһľҪ򽪴Ѿ
СǰţֳͲˣ
Ѿˣʲô˲ãһҪŪѾݺݵĽСƿŹ򽪴Ѿ
Ѿۼֿ죬ϵĶӦС󣬽һӽʵʵӦСͷϡ
ʮҪѾֻˣӲѹ
ӦСоһʹ۾˲䱻ѪסˣǼҲȫѪζ
ϷӦѪֱӦСеĹ͵صڵϣС
Ѿ״ʵĿ޺С磡ôˣɲ°


392 
ӦСӽ׹ʶҲʼˡ
߻ҵʱһӦҲС񣿣
Сˤĵϣɫ԰ֽüͷһ𣬿ѾѪʪһš
СŶӳʹѪӿоʲôڴʧǡ˶Ķ
ӦɽڻСоô
͵ػͷС׹
ϱˣǱԼˣСƿģ
ѾҲû뵽һ־Ȼջû˿ĵط乴𴽽ǣӦһŽòˣⶼǱӦ
ӦɼæС񱧳ȥˣˣȥУ
ܹСӣһʱ
ϼ״ͫһԸȥУţмҶ棡
ĳôˣʲôˣ
СӦɱطʱѾҪˣбʹ֡
кżææӸϹ
Сǿž񣬵ܱܲסŪҩһһĸţʱûܱס
ӦûˣҲ̲סˣֱӶŽѾ߹ȥ
ѾӦСӦС

硭ӦСᣬ֪ҪôӦɣͻȻˣҰɣ
Ϸ·꣬Ŀնϡ
ӦСǸɷǣ㼴үүŪùúǼ϶ڻҪɩĺûˣʹɩ˶೤ʱеİΪǣȫûˣָӦСʹ
ӦϴһԲӦСڻάѾӣһӣˣǸҹûҵ˭Ҳ̽Ҳ׼ͳԺȣ
˺ǰѾӦС
ѾƴܱӦСҲˣͺӾΣˣ
Ӧ¶׹⣬޲ôѾ
ͲҲ
ϻҵԺУҹŮأе޶أ
ϴ֣̾˿
￴űѺӦСͽѾˣǲǺҽģȻԼ׽㣬ôǺ׽ҲûʲôСڶûӣٲӦ˵ұˣ
ںò˺ӣȻɱŪûˣ
ĻֿӦɺ޲ýѾ̳븹ӣ˲׹Ҵ㣡˷£ҹŮĶӣҺƴˣ˵ţצĳ򽪴Ѿݺݵ
ѾӿţֵҪӦС
ӦҲ̲סˣֱӽӦСקݺݵţôĶӣΪϹ۵ûˣ
ӦСһԣӦɵȭɩȷʵΪ
Ϸ˵Ź򽪴ѾѾӿţƴҲûã¶ļܿͱץӵûһõطͷƤۣȫǱקͷֻС
ûܹ裬ǰӦȻϲǴûжһ£ΪѾֻҪ˵ίˣϺϾͻ˫Ӧϣ
Ӧ˴žһӦҵɥ֮ȮҲҶˣۣһ죬ԼֶνӦҳܵǧٱĻ
ϴˣڵϣƴʹޡ
ѾҪĹ˲С
ӦСҲӽˣѾڵϻ˺һᣬһίĿ
ӦСĻۣͬܳʱûӦѾĿŽѾŹǱӣѾû£
С磡ΪʲôҪǣǵĺÿడѾɤڸղʱѾɳˣ˵·ѻһ㡣
ӦС棬ͽѾһ֮󣬴ʹɩܵİǣܺͽѾؼңҲǴæ˵ģ֪ҪӵУȴĺӺˣ
Ҳ֪ϢӦҡ
ϣϺӶקˡ
˵ֱҪӦҽѾгϺȳȣأҪѾ˵Ӧ轪Ѿ˵ѾѾӦˡ
ϺͽӦſڿ캰أ˵Ѿࡣ
ɻ㲻ģҪѾǱǿдģ֪Ϻû£һ仰˵Ӧ¸ǵԺӣ½סӦϵԺУзߺޡ
ֳĶֵܿˣΧӦſڣ׷ۣ˰Ӧ˵Ѿ˱˵£үүˣ˵һҶݶģ


393 Ӧ
˵ˣ˵ѾԼίˡеŭֱӳŽϺѾǸСˣһûõģѾЬ˻źƽӦңǽɹѺҩѾͳû˼ң˼ˣ˺ӣǼСˣ
˵ģ˵ɫ˲ˡ
ϺϵĻһ£ǸӼҵĽǺ˴ѾһҲĺģһӸЬ
ҪѾϽɵĺӣΪľǵΣҪ˼ 伫ˣӦˣ״εĺͽϺ
ϵĻŴָָӣϻۣԭѾ˴ɵĺӡ
Ͽ޺ҪԩҵĴѾǾҪİ
û뵽ֱӽ˵˳ѿǲһŽлѾأǲǶʲôѾų
ӦϴҲӣҪȥӦ϶磡ɣӦϴļ£嶯Щ
Ӧϴѵĵͷ漴֣ţǸҰӣ
漴ӦСͽѾӴӦС˿ѾѪˣûҩȥĿģѾõͷҳһţϲȫ˺ۡ
ϼ״һҪҵĴѾ
ǰֹ˵Ŀ
ϺһֵĽʼˣǻ˵ûпѾ㿴ҵĺӴʲôˣɱǧĻ쵰
һ߲˵
ѾãϿѾ־ͷŵĺ꾫ҶӶˣã
Ѿˣ۾ˮҪĥˣȾң
ӦСãȻӴǰߡ
ӦҲ߳һ˫۾·Ҫһ㣬һΪ˽븻˼ҲֶεļˣûҪĲлû취ףŶеĺС㽫үүҵĶӣǲϣǾ͵Ŵ˵棬ѪףǵǲǸҰ֣
ԭӦ϶ҪģӦбһҲ𾴲𾴣ֱӽ尴˻ȥ
ӦҪѪף˵ɫ˲ͱˣһµ˵ӦݺҪѾ
ѾҲһ߿޽УҪӦСС磡
ӦС̧ͷָĽеıģߣӴԼҲˣ
ӦжѸ٣ҪŪһˮùһ롣
кֵģȥ׼
Ӧϵ룬ŭĿһӦСϵʺҲɾЩû⣡Ұǲģ˵Ҫ˿ƽѾȡѪ
ѪУвǺϴεһӦСѪų档
ǻҪƱǿȽɣҩȰóףתͷǼңӦɳɤӴʡ
Ǻ˵Ƿ̰ϴϣϣʱ;üֱҵĲУû뵽Ҫ¡
ѾʱǲӦС֪˵ǾͲˣǾѾˮҪʹѾûиոյǿӲ͸¶顣
Ϻȳֱӱˡ
ѾҡͷԩңɩûϵŽƵģΪʲô¾ҪҵͷϣӦңûйһӣʹӶ磬ǲĥˣ
һѾ˵ŪԼӣŭҪȥ
һҪӽϰס
סڣʵףôƱҲûãǲϣǾȥţǶѾ֪ˣǼҵڸǳ׵ʱͶˣҲȥţӦ϶ŭһ
䣬˴ӦСͽѾҪȥţӦұҵСǰƽˡ
ҪȥţѾĺˣϴαİӻ£ǽǸҪˣҪȥţΣ
Ͽ޺ҪӦҷŹѾǿҪѾӦСϾϵ
Ȱ˵ϾϵõˣȥڣԺҪģӦһ˶ãӦһạ̊́
ǶϽָָ㣬ѾҿˣŲϣ˵ҵĽɵʱ򣬽Ѿһһǽɵӣ˵ɱ˺ܶ죬ͬͻţ˵žѾYĶ֮ˣңƽɣӦС۾ӡ
ԽԽ˵Ҫȥţ˵ҪǸϳȥԶܻӦׯ


394 ķ
СӦ϶˵ţѾӦСȢŵӣҪϾϵҲҪӦҵķ
Ӧ϶ͷ˵ѾظȻӦСѾȢţҪһӹѺӦңѾѾӦСˣȨᣡ
鳾䶨Ӧ˶ȥˣӦСͽѾֱѹȥӦҵĴˡ
Ϻͽû뵽Ӧ˻㶵ĿŽյĴš
ǿ϶ȥţϺģҲа취ҪϣǶ֪ӲӦСģҪٸкǽɵģҪզ죿ܾܲȥɴѾӦ裬ڻǵǿĵߡ
﷢겻ϡ¶Ѿɢ˵ȥ˵ʲôĶУ˵ѾҪģ˵ӦСϹģ˵Ӧҵùġ
½ھ¥ϢȥӦ˵ˡ
ӦſھһԼˣûһöó˹˺򣡡
½ΣֻܳϺǽɺͽѾеģûа취ѾǸҰִȥ
СŤͷ裬Ϣҡͷû
ûãˣͽСһ㱨С㣡Ѿˣūſ̫̫Ҫ˹Żģ
Сĵͷó
ЦģС㣡ūڲȱӣǸūŵþưɣ
߬ȢϱǮСЦ
˲ˣȻҪūڻҪơ
һﾫأ
۾ģžƺȥҴ׳ˡ
Ѿ˳׵ͣȢףֻѡˣÿϴ棬ҪڻɳףҪŮҲû취ס
ڻÿ쿴Ŀ޾ͷŹŮĻ»ҪôûôҲĺӣô࣬ͬ˸˵¡
̫̫ѡǺõģһȻң϶ģǼ˻ʸĲУʱҲỹû׾Ūӣڻҵ׹ˡ
ӱһ￪ʼóˣ̫̫ʱ˵ڽѾͽѾӣſǺٴν Ѿ¶ƽӦңڱҴˣ̫̫ĸǰȥ鿴
ҵˣſڽĽϺ˲ˡ
ӦСͽѾٴα
ǰǺӣɼֱһģгģѪʱʹɵѪ
ѪѸںһݵĿŽѾǲҵѪ
ס֣ҵģҵĶӣѾһĿ޺Ҫӱߣĵˣûˣͳײܷˣ
Ҳǰ˵ӦСģܹ컯վˡ
ţӦ϶̸һ£ֱӴźˡ
Ϻˣƾʲô˵ǽɵģԼƾʲôӴߣǴѾģѾھͲҪӣ
æһѡ
Ӧſ˵ʲôӦ϶ֹҪǾ䣬ôġ
һӵĿŽˣҵģȻҪҴȥںӵԼ취ɣֻܺӣү֮ǰ飡
費ˣϺǰѾãǷˣڻˣ
Ѿæүˣ
仰ӦֱӻͷӦСؿһȭ
˽ˣҵĺӣҪӴȥһŲܣ˵꣬ʹźˡ
ߵʱӦ񣬿ӦС¶ڲסıġ
Ϻȳ׷ϣһ׷һǴߺӡ
ϺͽҲ׷ϣȸ׷ϲϴꤵ
ѾԶߵĺͣ£ͣ£Ҷӣ˰
Ͻ˻񣬲֪Ҫô죬ֻҪӦңǾ㺢ӦСģӦ˲ִ󣬿϶ȥţǿ϶취Ūںӱ˴ˣѾĻᶼûˣ
Ӧ϶ŭ𣬡˵ʵˣ
ӦҵģǾȻôģȥˣǵĳ̫ݶ˰Ͼǲϣһת˵Ӧҽˡ
Ӧһĭ˵˵ǽѾҪͨ飬Ұ֣ǽȥҾǼң¶ϣҵĺӣһ
ǿŽ˲Ҫӣ׷СȥʯͷӾǵӡ
Ӧ϶ǲѾ뿪Ҫ˽˴ȥڼûкӣѾҲû취ȥҪӡ


395 Ҫ
ϺQӦҵǰʹʲô˵ʲôеĻ޷ָţ˵ϺһøӦôڽҲܿˡ
źûˣŮ޴Ŀϣ˰ѾýȢӦҵģô˵˼ӦҲˣҲû취
ҲѾ˵˽Ѿǽɵӣ㽪Ѿˣûкӣ޸ӦСҲȥҵţǸĹεģ϶Ҳæ
ӦǰתŽҪô졣
żʱ򣬽Ϻ⿴˽ӣҪһȫķӣѾҪӦҳӻôҪ
˲Цʲô취ҪѾѾӦСˣŵ飬Ӧҿ϶ˡ
˵ˣ͸֧УֻܳϽѾͽɳ֮ǰѾԲˣӦҲпܷˣӦҲ͵ŽҳأӦҳҪӣڻạ̊́ҪǿﲻĿģѾ͹Ҳ˵׼
ͺ˵һӦҾˣ˵һҪѾ͹٣е鶼ｲ׼ýѾ
ϾӦҿ϶ȥţҪΪŻԼںѾҴˣȥ˹Ҳò֤ݣ
ͬ˵ģһ¾ȥҪӡ
ٳʱҪӴϺģò˵еʱܸϵæ
ţ˵ȥߣӦһǼҪĿ϶ȥˣ
ҪҪ»ҪѾŸأ輥
Σɲ֪ݶϽѾҵүˣôῴϣΪиӾܽˣһֻһӣӦ˵ţ͵һϻģҪɶӾأ
ɻĿӦϣŮӲҲԣ
˵ʶŸսŵ衣
Ǽ˵ģ ū˵ûȷʵҪ˶Ӿҩ
ӦϺͽСҶӣ˭Ҳû˵
͵أӦֿڣӦСһӶӾ˰ɣ
ЦˣūҲ֪Ͻ˵ֶûôݶɣ
֮ȥ˺ˣü֮ŻȻȥҪӵģô˵ǽѾɵģôϣҲɵ˵ȻӲɵģҪҽӷųýѾȳȥ
̫̫ˣǺֱӱ͵̫̫Уүϱأֱ̫̫ӵүѪףɲòϣʱͱˣɻû׾ŪӣԺҲõˣҴȥŮҲ˵ˣ
ӦдˬڿǱӦأ
ѾˣҸһģūŲ¿϶ҪȥӦׯҽѾأ
ӦϿŴ˵б۵ģ˼ү֪ɵĿզ֪ôϸ
ūſͲˣ͸һȥˡЦ˵
ӦϿ޴½˼ӡ
һߣѾѾĥĲˣӦϺ֮һֱڲУԵķûιĺãԴ֪ӲӦС֮ĸӼ࣬Բããϵ˿Ҳû˹ܣڷ죬Ѿˣ
ӦûҪ˽ȥѾ
˵ѾӦҹļ࣬ſھǽѾȢţȻ
ȻʲôԼˣҪң˼ǣǻҪóԺúȵĹţӱ¿ˣȥ
ҧ˵ɿϣ޲ýϳˡ
ӦСǵĳܡ
ϺӦСó˵£ӦСϳȥǼҵģǼҵģǸǵӹɶģھȻҿѾҪ
ӦС飬Ϻ˵ĶģʱȥسⷿӾͻˣĶǳԵĽҵġ
Ϻ˵ӦɼҲ˵ʲôˣӷߺӦСĲ
Ҫһʧļ˼Ǽңôʱ䣬ǲóӣھȻó˵ǽгǮûбģΪǮҪˣ˷ŵ黹ϣûôƤģҪɣã춼أϿھϽò
Ϻɫ࣬Ͻţ˵ҲǸ
ϳױëˣģϽļùȫ˵ˣĽϺҳˡ


396 ׳
ϺԭӦ˾ǵСӣѾӦҹȢҵҪҪûôס
ѾӣϾҪǳ飬ȽߣӦСǸɵӣԺеǰ취ٴҪת⣬ķ
϶ûؼյһˣÿ˶޲ҪӦС̬ҲչֳĿʼҡˡ
ͬ⣬˵ʲôҲҪѾȥûнѾǼҾͳûзĻˡ
˵Ϻ̬Ȳõĳ˽Ѿͽɵ飬ҪѾߡ
ӦҾǲˣ˸ϳţ˲ģڶˣǼѾӣ϶֧Ų˶೤ʱˡ
Ϣܿ촫ȥԼ˽ɺͽѾĹң׷治Ҫһӷŵ¼Ҫҽ˴ˣ϶أ
ǵķӦӦˣѾ˳
ŽѾǱӣϺӦ˺һŸæŽѾȥС
Ѿ뿪ˣһеĴʯͷһ룬ӦСǱ߻֪Ҫô졣
Ӧϴѹŭ⿪ڣµ㻹ŽѾ
ڻ˵ģһжùúýģ
˵ķӦҲùݽѾģ
ӦСһ仰˵
Ӧϴ̾˿ѾϳˣԺҲӦҵˣӦûκιϵھ͹ӦҰɣ
ûһ˸ҸӦС飬ϣҲûԸӦС顣
ӦСϳ˼ңӦϴˣʲôӦСߣֻһȥް
ŵʱƮѩ
ӦϴŽСŶСӦС
ӦСէһûʲô仯һ˫۾͸¶ţӦһϳɥ֮Ȯˣ
ӦСҲûǰ緢ӣͷøˡ
ҪʱӦϷԸ裬ӡ
³ӣӦСɵĿϵӣֿӦϡ
Ҳǿ㣬ʱ棬ĵ״磡Ӧ˵Ҫϳ뿪ˡ
ӦС߬еӣûж
ӺܿӦǰ߳ӭӣƼ涼ѩզĶ޶
ѩС񡣡˵СӦϲɵ̾
ҲÿϧӦϽţֻͷЦźͽС˵
ӦСϳţһƬţϲ˵һʬһ㣬ӦϺͽСˣҲûʲôʾ
Ӧϳ׷ϣֱӺͺ˵ղŹʱ򿴵СˣѩصģϸûУҪ˸˵ӡ
Ӧһ˵ϵۿͺˣ˶ڻ֪أʱϴϴˣôᱻϳţ
ϲϢĿһߵϣͷϣʲôôСȫ˵İǴƼĳãԺǶôã
ϼãҲһ˵ƼȻֶŮֶӣҲϲСǼء
ӦúӦ˵飬ǻ֪ɣˣ˽أ
˵ɶ˵𣿡˵Ůˣ˵ģ޹ȥҲжʱˣϢˣܸ
ԭôõջЩϰæһ߶Цϵ˸Цģ
ӦϵĿе֪˶ôۣСӰæٳֵģϵǶҪֵȥˡ
һϿż˻ϲӣԼձϳŵĶӣи
Ӧڿ˻ȥСķС
ϸһȥҲ˫ӵģû˺ӣȥˡ
ɶģһˣǰǴ˼ҵģҽԣøС񿴿һ»ܻأӦȻϾôദСӻǸģò˸ӻûˣ绹Ҫ檣и
̾ˣ
СͷΧֽ϶ҩڴͷţû˵͵һֱԹѾ
ӦȰ˵һ£ҪæС񿴿Ҫ㿴úţû೤ʱ϶ܻˣſģ
һȰ˵СҲû֮ǰôˡ
ϸļѯ֮С˽ˣ˷ӣӦ̺úðշĳԣ¾ܻͲ١
۾һӦϳʱͽסӦϣƼҲԽԽᣬһأԭڰȻˣҪ͸Ҳɣ̫ʹƼ࣬ȻƼܻУҲԣиӣӦ϶Ͱٷְٲ檵˼ˡ


397 Ƴ
Ӧһ¾ϵ˼ϵ۾ҲתתȥģҪ˶
ѩͣˣϿ·Ѿвٻѩˣ·ϻʲô⣬˻ȥҪѩЩߡ
緹û೤ʱ䣬½ʹ͸ųˣ˾¥ʵ⣬˽˻ȥ
Ӧϴ󽫹׼Ҫȥǵӣ½ϹС
ӦҲҪţ﷢ô¶ӦøųȥԺðֵ
˵ôϣӦϴɵСӣͷˡ
½Ӧ϶ߣ˾¥ЪţӦ϶ˣ½֪Ӧ϶ѹ¶һ
һֱϣӦ϶÷¾Ʊ½ʶҲе㲻ˣҪ¥ĻƽӦ϶ͻȥϼӦ϶һ̲ӣһһҪȥ׼ѾƲ衣
˳ٳŪϾȥԼҩֲԾӦ㿴ǲǲԾ
ӦϺһæ鿴ɫ˲ͱˣ˭ӣСҸҵ¾ƣҪоأ
һ৵İˡ
ӦϺһֱоƵ飬﷢̫࣬ˣͽƵ˷š
¾˵ʲôҲˣûӦϺʶʲôŭһҽ϶й
Ӧ϶ûѾأУҪϷ˵˵¶
Ӧ϶ӣӦϺɫˡ
ϼӦϺ֪ˣզˣ
ӹӦϺԸ
ôæ˳ҪϸϽӦ϶Ѿ
Ӧұҵĺӣµ˵ӦϺңôڵ׹ˣϽܹ壡զˣ
ӦϺҪǶȥӣӣȥ׷ϴ˵ľŪˣС̳ӲȥһҪҵҪӦҾȫ˰
һȶˣ壡ʲôƣôŪأ
ӦϺ̾˿û˵ϴ顣
ӦϺ˵ͽóӣھͶǸճ϶׷ϡ
Ӧ϶ѹ˵ƳˣǾơȻ¾ƣ϶ǴӴƼõģʱȥʹúãҪǽƣ
ӦϺɫ࣬ճһ죬ӿ϶׷ϣ
Ӧ϶ͷǸģ϶¶֪϶ҲȥֻǴɡ
ܣҪƼ֪ӦϺԸ
ϿӦ϶ӦϺķƴҪ֪ʲô
Ҳ֪ʲôɵĿӦ϶ɼ˹ŵɫ˵ĲС
Ͽڲ˭ȥǵӣ룬ӦϺͺϳȥʱӦҽǶˡ
ӦӦϺ¾ƣҪȥǣֲѽôˣͻȻҪһȥǣ˵ô¾һȥõʶ϶Ҫ¾ˣӦҲᵽʱֻȥҴƼҪƼܲܣֻܽó˵Ƶķ
üͷһ¾ıȥƼ϶ҲܣֻǴƼԭͷ˴󷿣Ҳ˵ٽѧӣٳ飬´ƼúӦҶ˹ϵ
һæŴɵ顣
ͻȻŪӣԭڼվȣλ£Ϣȥԭ»ˣͱǽ֪ڸЦ丸ӣû˼Ը޸ɡ
ﶼҪˣڷŪ飬̫̫ÿ㲻ģô֪µ¶ҿǲ˳ۣиôò׽һ˸£ʲôûˣ
ȴӦڸ֪֪࣬˺ӲӦСģΪ˱ңҲΪ˱Ѿͽͱ̫̫ץСӣһӾͻˣ
Ѿ˶֣ǰԭ泤ģ˸ǱĸԵûһϲģӦƣҲֻǱϿڳ£˰
ԴҪ˵ǺӲǶӵģǱԩġ
˼ȥ˳ȻȥڻͷҪúö顣
ڻɵ鱾ͲģԶʾͬǰǸţŬȡٽſ
ǱиܲķӣڸõһסСҲǰĸĶӣû鵫ϷӵĽ̵ѾǾˣҲȥһ𣡵ŹùŬȡĸõĹ⣡˵·һ㡣


398 
ڻͷ뷨ܲͷҾ͸˵һ£
æͷлл
ڷ翴ϵţüͷ壬ţģ
ſһֱӽڵϣУڻԹǣ˵ǽǺŪȥģŷ飿Ҫȥͷ˵ȥҲͬ⣡
ڻʱ˵Ľ̵ӣûµȥи÷ӣֶҪһѧϰûʲô⣬ֱӾܾǸ쵰ָҪ˵ʲôԺɵ;УܹԼͶӵͷϣ
Ҫ߸ŷѧϰȻΪѧϰΪ˰ͽὪСгϢڷ磡
ڷ緢ʱ򣬷ȴҪ뿪
ڷ𾪵ĿŷӣӣôͻȻҪ뿪ˣ
ӱ࣬ҶιôˣҲҪؼˣ
ڷ֪϶û취ӣӣϾҪˣҪߣÿŵѧϰ
ȻɣܿȻܿϣ򲻵λȻϷѾҪؼˣӼҪߡ
һ춼Ըڷ粻²⣬ǲ˿˷ӣҪӳɽ
ʰöǰźͽСµҵ£˾ˣͷҲء
ſŷ뿪ıӰûع
ڻ˰ļ򣬰οӿ϶Լԭ򡣡
СҲʧĲУֻܴŷҵԼĶ˼ҡ
ˣӦ̾˰ߵҲ̫ͻȻˣҲûü͵þơ
СɫȻǰСҸ˵㣬Ӻ֮ǰڸǲҵûκҪߵ˼¡ڵСҵľơ
統ʱҪǼأסĵطôþƣ˵ͲأӦźĲС
С⣬ǸԵˣǽѧôʱѾܲˣ
½üǽҪզ죿
Ҫȥˣû೤ʱ䣬Ӹ˺ܶҵÿ꣡С
½Ӧ϶ͬ⣬ҪСȥԺ飬Ǳˣû˴š
ߺžûѧˣڷֱӾܾҪѧ飬ҪԼҵط顣
ɲôɺϵ飬ôǰúõģԼ˵Ҫȥˣ
Թ޸ˡ
ҪͽᣬǺ±˿ֻܶҡ
Ѿʼ˵лˣ˵ԽԽ񻰣˵ǽѾҩͨ齪ɣҪúȥҵ̣ƿˣ͸ӦС˹ӦңʼӦ£ŪӦûһõģ˺ü
ӦС·ţĻڶ߬׬ļǮһжš
ҹЪ׷ϣȴ·ϣֻܸ߼Ҫޡ
Ϊѩԭǰ·ˣӦϴӦɸı·ߡ
ӦϺյţýˣ˶
Ӧ϶ŴôĵӣȻֽţ˵ſӦϺ¶ˣǸƼ˵ɣ
ӦϺò˵ѵĵͷͬ⣬ȥɣƼûа취ܽ
Ӧ϶ӦæӦϼң֪Ҫô˵ֺһӵãֻҵ½
½˵ˣɫ˲ͲˣҪ𣬵һӦ϶ûϵҪ취żĲУˣС˵ҪƣǧҪ̫̫֪
׳ͷǣү
׳ҵҪнСҳŴ׳˵ģһ۾Ϳˡ
С￴飬ţС㣡ү˵иҪһƣҪȥ
СӦһѾ߳ȥ
˾¥СҿӦ϶΢
Ӧ϶ϹҲסСҵı飬Ѿ뵽˰ɡ
½ŽСҽ˵һ£ӵˣ׷ϣ㿴ô취֪ͨˣ
СҲ˵ģӦ϶ҲڹֻȥҰ׹ˣ׹ûа취
һȥӦ϶ͷ
سǣȴȥˡ
߹ͣϾҪˣӻкܶҪСʲôҪæĺ˵Уܰһ
С˼һ£ܲܰٶ֪ͨӦҵ̶ӣ
ǳʱ䣬üͷ΢壬ʱ̫˶һѩ׷ˣҾ԰ɣ
Сҵͷлȥţ֪ͨ衣
մӰԺгͿˣС㣬ū˵дŵŸ룬ķʽˣ
СҲ뵽ˣ˴ȻŸ ֻǷò١
Ӧ϶һڣǸӣֻҪܽ˵ȥȡİӡ
Ÿɿĳžǵķȥ
ӵ޺úͼ׷ϡ


399 
ӦϴӦɺܿ͵˾ǣΪѾһˣν˳˲١
ӦɳӦϴڣ¾Ƴȥ˵ǼŪģϾ֪ͨӽơ
ӦϴʱǾѾȥ
ܹܿϵ̳ӾƣתͷȥˣкöϽ
ʲô߳һˣȻᣬ͸¶֮
ܹױһĽóӴ򿪡
磬ü΢
ܹæ˵һϴЦݣȴģҲһģ˭Ҫ˼ֻأ
ϵ㣬ܹܳû˵ˣҪŪãֱͬ⣬Ҫܹȥĸ
ܹһȥ죬Цһӡ
һӦɽƳȥһֱŵҲ͵ʥּˣӦҵģԲܱռˣӦϼңǲõ⵽ȥʱӦһֱǰӣԲ鷢
ŸܿǣŵҵӦϴӦϴϵݣһ˫۾Ҫ
ӦãЦ߹˭дѽ
ӦϴֱӸһƣӣ£
Ӧɵ˲Ѫ͵һ Ӧϴӣ֪Ӧϴ֪ˣû뵽Ϣô졣
Ӧϴǿѹŭ𣬡콫ó
ѾȥˣӦסеĿ־壬ϲãѾȥˣ˵ʲôûˡ
ӦϴָһƣӦɵ˲Ͻó
ȥˣ
ӦϴӦ˵ģԽӦе˸飬ûҵ̳ƣתߡ
ӦʶӦϴҪȥѾҪæѾȥˣҪʹã㲻Ϊ밡ӦҵģܸˣӦѾˣ̻ûˣû취˰ΪӦңֻҪ̲ߣҪʲôԣӦɹڵϣһѱһİ
һһ˭˭ģҪùüһһǮķ˵ģӦϴŭѣһŽǰӦ߿
ҪʲôԣǾƿ϶òˣ˵ʲôҶҪ̵ʸ£ӦֱֱĹڵϡ
Ӧϴ˵ɸֵĿһӦɣֱӳš
Ӧϴ뿪ıӰӦɵɫ˲ˣѾͽȥˣҪ̻Ӧҵģ
Ӧϴ˺ü죬ûܹܵ档
ӦɼɫһһѿȰ˵
ӵ˾ǣŸӦϴ
Ӧϴʹ˰ˣ
ԭƣӦϴӣΪǷֱ֣̱֮˵ϡ
Ӧϴƴֲİ취޼¡
ÿ춼ӦԵİ취ûѾ˺ܳʱ䣬ﻹûҪߵ˼
ѯʹƵ飬ӦϴûӦ
׼ʱ񸮵̫ˣּ⳷Ӧһ̵ʸżҶ档
Ӧһżˣվȥ
żǸ壬ǰạ̊́Գ͢йó͢ϲżҲƣֱӶӦҵλá
ǻ̳¾أǼҶеģżҿ϶ŪӦɲĴС
̫üͷ߹ĵ񣿾ſڴ󺰴Уȥʮ壡
Ӧɿ־壬˵ܹأҪ
ǸʲôȻҪܹܣ̫һ
ӦɲǹǼŪģ
ֵ߽ʱż˹;ˣͷ˴Źܹ̫˵ˮ©
Ӧ³ʧˡ
һЩ޴룬͹Ƶģڻ̵ʸûˣЩҪզ죿
Ӧϴʹ޵̧ͷ죬ð
Ӧɹڵϰ󣬡˵ʲôҲڱ˼Ұ
㻹զ죿洫ּ⣡㻹զ죿ʲôʸԵ̵ݣҪùüҵľƣӦϴʡ
Ӧ
˰ˣǺ£û˻̣˶̤ܽʵصĸɻҲùĶǵˣ˵꣬Ӧϴͽֺһ;Ƶ˽ƴߣ취ȥ
ԶǧѾŪˣ϶ٴȥڻûˣǰҲ̵ģ϶գ
֮Ӧϴöһңеľƶˣʰö׼ؼҡ
Сյţϵݣɵ÷ߺޡ
½ӣ׾ûס̫
Ӧϴ֪ͽȥˣֲˡ
˭ҲûûиӦ˵ϾǽСҵˣæúܣںͷҪСŪʲôΣʲôѡ


400 ɴּ
СԶٷˣϾҪˣҪģ
ӦһۿСҵķ꣬զˣ
ûУ׼ɣСҲ˵
½ŭҲҪӦϱˣСŬʱ򣬰ɣ
ýСڣ˵Ϊ˶ӣӦҲ˵ɶ־òеίСҡ
ٸУǼҾǹټˣСǿгһĨ΢Ц
ӦõĲУǣУǼһܸһ¥أʱŮӵ¶÷ˣЩ˼ҿ϶ͽôѡõء
һ£վֻԶٷͺˣӦϻǸС׼һΡ
·ϵѩˣû˾Ƶ׸Ӧϴܿ͸ϻˣ
Ӧ϶ȥˣһͷɥӣΪǾѾȥ˻ǰõ˹ʶקӦɵǼȭ˶
Ӧɻʹ壡˰ǼҵĻûˣ
Ӧ϶ϵĶһ٣˵ɶ
ûˣû˰ӦɴС
Ӧ϶ӦϴӦϴ̾λżҵ˵һ顣
Ӧ϶ɫ࣬ſӦɣ˵
߰ɣǱӦԭͲǼҵģ˼Ҷǵλã˼ҵı¸ߣӦϴǻȥѾˣǵȥ̳ǧҪ⡣
ȥ·ϣӦ϶﷢˵Ӧϴ
ӦϴҪӦɹȥӦ϶һȥ½
½𾪣ôûأżʲô˼ң
ǰ̣ܵ͢ĳ谮ŪľҲǾģͻȻɱ̵λöˣӦϴε˵š
ǼɶûУڻ̵λѾˣӦϴҲˡ
½Ѿÿɫˣ򽥽չˣȴ˱˵ģӦҲôȶ̵λãȴһԵƴƼ
֪϶סԽӦ˵ˣӦҪ˵ģ׸磬Ļˣ˭Ҳý
̬ҪӦϴӦ϶ˣһͨأ
½ƽ飬Ȱ˵ȻȥҲû˻һӾû취ˣԺҪôɣԺǼҾԲһһ˭Ūľ˭ģ
Ӧ˶һ̻ᱻ˶棬û뵽һô졣
ϲżƾɶ˵Ūģ϶͵ѧ˼ƣǵĻ̣ǼҵģǼһ¾ƣ
ǴŪ¾ƣӦ϶
Ƽ......һ˶ţϺĻû˵
̾ȷʵڱ˼ңҪƼȥǰ˵˴ƼҸǶһˣӦûţѾˣһв죬Ͼܷչˣ
һ˲䣬Ϸ·ֱǸͨĴϱ
Ͽû˵ΪĶӱϳȥˣӦɾȻ¾͵ȥӦϴǱ߻иС檵ȢϾкҲ˵ɶ
Ӧ϶Ҳ˼ƼұͱǼŪĺãҪƼҪŪľͷˣ
ӦϺͻȻظĸоû˸ãӦûһӦ¶һԣԣʱ䳤˿϶УڻûˣǶҺú룬ԺҪôҪ̣͸îž꣡ʵѧҪû˵ģ˵꿴Ӧɡ
Ӧһԣͷ
Ҳ˵ʲôˣһߡ
հʱӦϺͻȻˣģɴּҸİɣ
˻һ˵ӦϴӦ϶ˣɶҪּң
ϿӦϺһᣬ϶ǲˣּˣ̿϶ˣںʹƼֳӣǴԺ......
Ͽ˷ܵĲУּˣͿԼˣһ룬ּң̾޿ˣ
ֻޱš
ǶּͬңǳʲôɣԷּҡ
ӦϺһԲĻӻ֣ҪǶߡ
ϣӦϺ˯һȥƷ
̱ϢѾȥˣΪӦұƽӦûиͱĪĶˣ첻ۣӦĶǺþƣ
ܿ죬ׯҲϢ
Ϻرˣվſʹã
۷׷ס
Ӧ֪ˣæŶԪϻӦҿ
ӦҵҲˡ
Ӧ￴ӦĴӣϴģͷϴģٿԼ·ȥģҪ˵ΣĶӣôҲû
ǶԪ棬ôôҵãȫƾǻӦܼ޵ôãڼĻûˣԺҲҪù˰ɣǶԪܽб


401 Ҳǿ
Ӧﺦ»̱ŪˣǼͷ͵ûиᱻ˵жд̡
Ӧϴο˵ûôأ̤ʵƣԺ·һһӡǱһ˸ӣڱԭҲ֣ɣ
ԪҲͬһһӡտʼ϶ھչǼרƣԺضΪ
տʼӦ϶ҪŮŮڼԷ
ڷϣӦ͹ǼڲǻˣǶҶ㻹ǰ̬𣿡
һģչңСӸҹϵǺãԪǹŲҲҪġӦЦ˵
ˣôõ˼ңӦϴЦȴǱĵģҪǳżʱ޽ţ˼ҿ㣡Ļڵķݣ
ԷҪߵʱ򣬶ԪĵķӦ
ҵ֪ܲӦĽҲӦϳӦﲻһ⳵ʲộЦ
ӦͶԪûֱߣӦϼҡ
ӦϻûǼ¶ֱ߳ӲˣҪСҳӴ
Сʲôû˵ֻ˵˳ȻֻһһӡԼġ
ӦͷѽСһҪСţƣʱߡ
˵ҲˣܿܽˣУ̻ǵģ
ôףڻҪ¾ƣȡŪŪľơСЦ˵
ƺñʲôãŪɻ̣ԼȥأƵľֻܸأҪˣȰ˵
֪ҲøɣСҵͷ
Ӧ˵ģҲûôˡ
ˣСҴӦЦſޡ
ҽҲ񣬺̫̫˼ǳӦûǰô⣬ҪӾ콫СȢؼҡ
شĿСҿһӣСҺɵ̧ͷ
Ӵ򿪣ֻŵʱ򿴵ģúʺ㣬ˣ͸㣡
Сҿһֻۣһ۾֪϶۸񲻷ƣֱӿڣأҶ㱾⣬ҲһģǵĹϵֻǺϵ
û뵽СһὫ˵ôֱףɫ˲С......ֻ......ֻҪ޸ң
ʲô˼Сָˣʲô˼ȥȥ
û......ſھҪͣһߵĽСңƣиܣϲСңҲϲСұ־ʲôò
С˼һ£ֺ֮үͽǵıǮջɣǵĺ͵˽
޴룬С......ҵĴϲ㣬Ҳǿģ
СҪʱˣС㣬׹
һǰС˰϶˵˻̱飬أСҿأ˵Ҫ׹ӽ
زɵÿЦ̧ͷͿһ£İţӾԼС֪ͽСҲʣǸרˡ
֪Сƨɷ·ϣ˵ʲôߡ
ţͽСҶĺأüͷ΢塣
к׹Ӻã
΢΢ͷһۿϺشһۣǼֻ϶ֵưɣ
ͫһֱȥС˵ֵõģ
΢΢һЦߡ
СҲǲӣүһҪͣ
ؾǲߣ......´Ҫ̸۾ׯ飬ȷʵ......
ĶһߣСָָӡ
תͷߣϵĺӣںصС
طŭС˵ҳұȲϰ裬ǰʣծСֻΪܸ棬Żǵģ
үͷŸɾ㣬СûκιϵֻһǮѲ㻹ҪС
ɫһףŻеĺӷ߷뿪
迴ź뿪ıӰŽС΢΢һЦСѾǴˣ
СһʹǴԽʮˣӶˣȶ飬̧ͷ裬׹к£
Сתƻ⣬Ҳ˵ʲôżѾˣƵģÿĶƴ϶ǰéλ²һʱ顣
Ʋ죬Ƶķ̳ȥͺˣǶˣ϶͵ѧģ
СҡͷҪԼһҷչǲܵġ


402 δķ
ĸˣ˵СǸˣС㻹ѧѧЩССǣ
ǽҪô죿
˳ȻɡСҵ˵
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403 Ǿ
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ˣҲûӦҪдˣʣµ飬½һ˾ܴá
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404 Ϊ
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405 
Ȼڶһˣ˵ҪҽСһȥ֡
ϺֱӸ˵ûˣʽСڲڡ
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ϽʰãСҸСϴˮҪݸˮ裬׼ս


406 ²ǸɵӰ
˯û೤ʱ䣬컹ûСҾ𴲼鶫ϸϸ޾ϸĿһ顣
СڣѾˣþͷİɣҲϤˣ
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αӣȻҪôõȥ̣;ǵĺĳֱˣ˵
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407 ϲ
һǳɫû˵
ǸʲôٲҪ´ξͲǸˮˣҪˣտʼǺأǸΪǵӦСû뵽лļƷ
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תĴУ磡콫˶ȥҪǼſڶˣ
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׼ȥһȰ˵;ȷʵףҲԼʯǽСҿǶİ
һ˵Ͳȥˣû취ȥκҲʶ϶ֹС
κһɫͳҿַǲǣǷС֮ǰĸɱھȻָȥ˼ҽСã
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ͷӦ˵ЦŽ˶
κƷһڽСóľƣζ
һһڵţСκ㣬ƺ󾢺ܴ󣡡
Ȼû˼κ͸оеͷؽᣬŷ¾ƱԲˡ
Էʱκ˵ҪСҲʵڲ񻰣ֱӴС


408 
һ߻ΪκȥȰ˵С϶ͲὫСͳȥˣʵʵڴûµľҪȥŽСҪӻʲô
Сÿæƣ㲻
ڴʮ죬ůҽСҺͽС
СŪ˳أ׼Ū߲ˣ֪Ҫ೤ʱ䣬ʱ䳤˾ͿԳԼֵĲˡ
СͷҲ̧ϳȥ
Ӧˮͳˡ
Ǵϻˮ裬æ˵⣬֪ôѾߣСΪĵūšŲҶұġ
һۣ˵С㣡㾹ȻϽ
ҪС㣡һµѾ̸߽ҪСңȰ˵Ϊ˽СǸ޵;ͶԼһӣ
ʲôŭһдνڽϡ
ƨɺݺݵˤڵϣĴУҽСгܶ޲
к׷׶߿
ΪǵСˣӣɣһۡ
ַŭðǣҪС㣬񣿡
ͻƽϣתͷ뿪
ӵŴıӰУ˵ҲǳԸɷģǽұȲϵģ±ʶǽС޿Աȵġ
ͷһۣ㲻иĵôĶ֪󺰴У
СʹԼôϹۺ˽ύ

û೤ʱ䣬Űˡ
ʹ׳ʱʶ˲֣ԷҲ˲ϣŷȥԺ⣬߳ԱߵŽҰ
Ժ涼ǵŽҰˡ
һңǷӵʹ׳ƴǰ塣
ȽϿǰĴүˣүˣ
׳ȥ۾ȷ˽СڰϾس壬ߣҲˣʮأھ͸үСϢ
˻ûԺӣ͸˵ĴУϢүˣ
Сˣ
ʮôүٴθˣ˷ܵĺֻҪһүԸУԺǹټˣ
СҲޱȣСһŽСңСңûй
СҿŵͷϽϢؼȥɣ׼һ
аϾǵˡ
СŽСȥдŸӦϺ½㱨еϢ
輸˸˵ĲУæ׼ˡ
Աߵʹ׳Ľк֪ѧӸˣ͹ؽύ
ս׼ãκ͹ˣ֣ϲϲѽ
СЦŹ֣κֿΣϵЦ⣬϶Ҳˡ
ʹ׳С־˷ܵʲô֪ˣ˭Ҳû
κЦҡͷǿи֣ʵǲ
еԺϵѡΣκֻҪŬ϶ϣġСκһʵΡ
ǰ٣ʮκЦһ
ֱ˵ϣƷԵ˾Ȼϰˡ
С⣬κһףľҲأźͽСùϵ
ϰ񣬺ܶ˹أɢ֮ҪȥҽС԰ڡ
˹ֹүүҲϰˣΡα㻹ǰ
ɴ۾˵ɶ
ʮ壡
ȻˣȻĽͳȥˣ޲磡ҪȥߵĲУͽСԺ
м󲿷ֶģڰϵĻһСβͣûʲôϣ˵Сôǰõ廻ģŭĸŻһʣ
ʱκͽСף
֪ǶŭСκãҲˣֱվڴͿʼк
Сɫ
κе꣬߳ѵ⣬˼ң˼ұͼʣŲţҪٲ֪ôҾͽĺ¸˵
һ磬˲ˣڼǸĴڣ̶Ǹ磬֣ÿζҪڴɺü졣
ݣ㾹Ȼ첲գС޲飬Լ;㾹Ȼǣ
ԣҲʼƽ׷ָС
С߳Ǵ￴û;ˣǼҼӣһŮô˵ҾҪݣ
һŲŽСЩԴǵĻαӣ


409 ߲ɼ
ָָ㣬ннСҳͽСʵġ
С˵ۣŭһ̫飡ֱӴ򣡡
ʹ׳ߵſڣҲ߳վڻǰ
ǰץסĲӣҼСʤһμôҪģ
ǰ΢һͽ°жˣԭੲݵ˲ͣ
Ŀˮ˳޷дŷŭ
˿ôҲ˵ˣ㽪СοǰΪõĹϵϰ񣬼϶ǣҲ
κǽͣǸӲģ˵ʲôţҪǸϽȥҪ¶ˡ
˿ŽСκͬҲϰˣ벻ܵŤͷſˮһصĻæ뿪ˡ
κ̾ͷŽСֻҪմϹϵѻݣ϶һùҪæǸ
С鱻ôһŪǳãκӣҲЩκûϵ
ȥˣѾʼҥиսľΪҪԼõȥǰֹƽ˴
С˵˹οС㲻⣬רĿӭӵԲŶԣǵſܵˡ
СԼڮ٣˾Ȼ˵ýοˣǣйֵĻ˵Ҫۼһζ
ŷȷʵ˼ӦϺ½֮˷ܵıһ
ӦԼˣٴοŷϵ֣˫ֶǲģʮȻôǰֻҪͨԣǾǹټˣ
½˵ĵͷ絷⣬˸ôгϢĶӣôܲˣ
ӦҺͲԼҲ˵Ϣ
»ˣӦҵĻҲûˣ¸Ӳ˵ˣֻ
СٴθУԺϾǹˣС˼ÿʬһţ˳⣬ίһҲǺõģǺͽСһˣ϶ͬ⡣
СٴθеϢǹδһĴʮ磬ЩΪӦû˻ٴͽ
СԺǹˣ⸽һٵģԺǼҵľƿ϶Ὣȥ̺ܻܿˡ
ӦҲԵıʾġ
˵ʲôĲӦϴǼ檣ĽСȢţСȥϷͷҲصĽˣ֪ȥĶӣԭҲӦ÷ǵףأȴΪӣжвʡ
ӣӦȰ˵עһɣүү̿ˣ϶ΪǼùùüҺã
Ͻҧôܿĵĳ˼ҵĶӷͷʢԼĶӱϳţǻ֪
Ӧɼ벻ͨС϶˵ţԺСˣ̾޿ˣϵ۾гɻ
Ӧɽͣ͢й涨Աܴ̣ҪͷģǽСûпɽٿ϶Ҳˣп˳۵ģһ仰һӾͻˣǷѾҪС;Ϳ϶Ϊ˻̽Сˣ
ϵЦݣױþȥǰӦϺҪӦʲôá
ϿݹӣΪ뿪ˣСڼҲжʱ䣬۲ˣǸֵˣϴҲû͵͵檣ȢŵģҲϵأҲȰ˵ϲҪôۣҪȣҪϰæٰ죬һɥӦҾ͸øˣӦϴֱҲ˵׼
ϾýСķ˿ϧǰ֪Ƿô֪ĻҪСҲһȥѧԣСҲǾˣҲȥ³ˣ
ϰһۣʲôû˵һżҪ͵Ķ
ڼæǰæģ׼Ӧ͸رĶȡһ۾͵õӦϵע⣬Ȼٽ˵˵
￴Ųæ˵ܣСѵĻ촽ҧˡ
֪ǸģڼкӦϹϵõľˣ͸Ҳ˵㶫Ҫϰæмߡ
ϼϻû˼ֱӳ̫̫Ƽ˼ѾˣǻǸѰ˼Ұɣģἰ£ԺҾҪɳˣ
û뵽䶼䣬ֱӽ˵ôֻ۷֪Ǽ˼ʸ֦ˣûʲôҪ󣬾̫̫ҲУֻҪܸһʲôίûϵ
ǻ˵ίСί˲ŶԣԷȫû˼ͱʲôǰ;һƬٴθУ϶йټСģ˼ôһûžһ̫̫ˣС⣬ԺСӸӲ⣬ΪʲôҪԴ漷أΪ޹ȥк𣿡ϱĵĿŲϣСⲻϲĿ϶޵ڻģƤʵǺ


410 ͬʿ
ɫ࣬æֱ˵˵ЩʲôֲҪȥҵλãһƻŮ̫̫ѾίˣôǻռˣǽСڻ˯ʲôòԸģ
ϲ뿪ֱҵСֱ˵˲ϻģСԸ飬ҲҪϺ˵һʡֳʲô
СܻսԼҵžͶŲϵһͨľͲҪŮˣԺҲҪҼңҲʶǣûô˵ˣ
ϱһսҪѵСȴʲô˵
Сǰһ÷ԼҪֻҪ˸ӿ㣡Ҫ˵˼㲻£Լ¼ŻҪӣ㻹һ˼Ҫ޸˼ңȥɣѹ˼ҵĴ˼Ҷῴ㣬ֻӱ㣡Ժκ鶼ҪңҺûκιϵ
÷ˣ˲ϻĺͽСĻ£Ҳѵ漴Ȱ˵һҪ
ڴϣ˵ѵ⣬ɫ԰ף۾նĿŵ档
Ӧ˿ĵӦϼף
ӦϺ½Цúϲ£죬ûκεӣ˵һлҪԵĽʧˣҲǹ
Щ˼ҵģ˺ȷҪ׵ģСǾͽС󣬻СҲС
СûĺҪӶˡ
ܿ͵ٴ³ӡ
Сʰ׼ȥμӵԡ
Ծͺܼˣûǰ³壬һ⣬Ҫѧɷӣдһƪ۾ͺá
Եʱ䲻׳ڼﱣСңͽС˿һֱš
е㵣ģС㣡ǻ˵ôҥԣү᲻Ӱ죿϶кΣ
Сεҡͷ֪
Ѿˣ϶עЩǵԲǿ٣վĿǻϡ
ʱ򣬽СӻʹгѧҲ׷߳ˡ
ǰסСС㽫С͵ļȥˣ
ԣǶû;飬ĵĿС
˵˵Ѿ㣬Ҫ洳ʲôСû˵κͿѵˡ
κʵڷŭΪԣСѾˣͬСܵӰ죬Ȼ£
СؿһһǵָЩҵĻһ˵˵ҽȥ˼Ľ⵽ܾʹ裡ǲǾǼҺ۸
ƱҲûãϧá
סڣСֱӴϻĻ
ŭѣָŽСıӾҪ˵һߵĻ
ſڣٵ˲
κȥͫһݺݵص˻һۣʾҪ˵
ˣ񣬡ˣ
Ǹۿȥǽ֮ӣ
ͷ˵ǸոյԽ׼뿪
ջߣֱ
ŷԶŭıԹôĵӣȻҴле𣿾Ӧþ͵
һۣⶼǻģ
κ̫˽һ͸˵ʵۻӹܣקһ£ߣ
СŭĿһۣ˦Ҳ뿪ˡ
Ȱ˵֣ҪһʶԼ϶е
СҲңȻڹ컯֮»ٻõ
ȷŰʰ˿϶вˣ衰ο
һߣ鷿
üͷ
μϣ
ˣϵһɨ⣬Цˣ޶Ҫˣ
վϽ飬Ѿˡ
ϵͷ޿ƾٿ֮ˣ
Цˣսʱѧǳȥ඼֮ˣ
ûпеģ
ûУ˵иѧͬɫΪܾ˼٣ڹǰ֣ҡͷ
һѧӣ£ǰŶͷʹѡ
ٽԾ꣬ѡģǰʮдʵ۹Ŀ
֣̽˵ʲôͬ⣬Ϊͬʿ
һʤȯյӵŷŰ񣬻Ҫ˳ȥС׽С͸Ļ˼ҡ
ܿ쵽˷Ű졣
СǰéΪۡ
衺κΪȣͻһͬʿ
Ŵеܣôܻͬʿ


411 
ͬʿ˵ȥֻһ˻ûϣûϻܼͬʿξͲܼϿˡ
˿Ц˵Ĩ˼ҽСıӦ
Ҳкܶ˾òƽСôǰˣô飬ǧиʿƾʲôСǸۣ
˿˳ۣӱͱӣɵģ˷
ǿ϶ǾԼе˵̫¶ǣ˽ҪΪͬʿСˣҪɽ߻ʵԶĵط϶ôĿɽ
ͻһεʧ͸Żһ˵ڵĲ
Խ˵ԽҪȥҿʣƾʲôСû˰ۣǶīˮ˾ȻǸͬʿ;ˣ
һߣСں״ԪУСһѣȥһҾ¥еſ¥¾ĽС
״ԪɵѾСˣֻ̽΢һ㣬֮ĽС۵ģ˵ĵһעⶼ˽Сϡ
迴¥µĽСͽС˵ţô棬үעĿˣ
Сҵͷû뵽Сһξͳ˰ֱۣӾǹˣȥԺְˣ֪϶˷ܵĲС
СܵСҵߣ̧ͷһۣ΢΢һЦоǹɣ߹ȥ
ȽСһȥʱ򣬾ͷһȺˣŵͶæ
Сң˿˲ͷϵĺ
֪˭ϳ˽Сң˵һ䣬һСǽСãǷ׷Сҵǰ׷װͽᣬɶܳ
СҵʹæŽСһؼҡ
СϻҪȥμ磬û˺ܴ󾢲Ҫɢˡ
֪Сڲڼң˹ˣ˵ҪСҡ
СҳŶš
ģһҪСңҪʣС׽С͸˭ˣΪ;㣡㲻ܾȥΪð
һҲæȰ˵ﻰⶼ˵Сİ·
Сȥˣֻô·š
ֻ˵˽СҵӣȴûСңڿŵ˲䣬Լͬˡ
콪С˰ۣС⻻·ӳĵŴ󷽵壬ϽСʵƶƽʱ
ڻнǾ֮ɫ˲˽СΪʲôҪһǸﰡĳˮܽأЩǿ֬ˣ϶ҲҪһ
СĿһۣüǾҸİ˵Ӧø𣿡
ͷǵģС㣬޲磬һӣڲ˰ӦҸ䣬Ǳ̣˰
ƨСһ
һҭʶĵſСҪ˵ʲô
СۿҲ֪㵽ɢҥʲô˼ҸʵѧչҸӣҸ粢ûнҸκˣһжԼȡġ
ھȻڰ㿴ǰۣҲֻǸ֥С٣ԺҪ϶ѵһֱ̣ĵȰ˵š
㲻ǿԼûãҸ翼ˣҥһҪǺÿģǻǶˣ
С˵ô̲ȥˣ̫֡
С㡭ҪŽСȰ˵
ۼֿ죬ڻҪСҵʱһСϣҪ輸Ӵڵأڵϰ
Լû¾ԩˣүƢòǼƽϣǾȻεƣһúýѵôˣһ˵ַŭ
СһӾȻҶ֣ǲǽСģ
Сʵ̲סҴ򣡡
Ŵ߳ҲϹǵĹۣ
ȫ۵Ū۾϶Ͱ۾Ϲˡ
ѾʶӣæײײˣҲǱĸ˳ȥ
һֱں׷ǼܵĸˣûӰ˴ĹĵĻ
пֵĿĶӵĻ˼䣬ŴʡǼүĸµģ
ʲôϵûĻش
СҪϽһ
صң£ŽСңС㣡ǻҲƵģ֪ǼƵģҪҲأС㲻ƣкܶ¾أСîžҪȥμӶƴģ
һһ˵һ


412 
ϣСᵫȣ鴦õܿ͵õ˼λٵʶ
Сʽ˺ԺˣػϾ뿪ˣС״Ԫһ𾴾ƣ˿ŽСûˣҪСܸŮӡ
С˵׻ţɢϯѾˡ
СæؼңȻСһڵСң
СЦſ˶ٰһҪȥ׼Ѿ
С˼ЦЦһ߸ϵ飬˵˵Ļϡ
ѾСҾʹߴٽСϽȥϢ
ڶᣬΪС̫ᣬг޵ģǻɡ
СӦˣʰȥ˺Ժ
սţСǰ˾ˣӣ
С𾪵ŽСߣҲˣСȻѧ
˲ţʣƴˣ¿ưѧ
ͷѧ˼ѡ
һֻǶ˼ȡĳɼдž壬СҲһˡ
Сԭ;÷ӲƽˣϵĹٷû뵽ӾȻǸһƷ٣
翴һۣҪȴ״ԪɣСϤһºԺ
ǶԽСչˣǻé®˺ܴģСѧΪԺ϶зչ
͢鴫ȥۻԽ̳ѧ˵ʱĹǡ
κ˵˾ҽСҪԷû뵽㾹Ȼƴ˵ѧ֮ǰһ͸¶
֮ǰ֪ӵݣÿŷѧϰͻȻҪ뿪û뵽Ȼǻ͢СɴŲŵı顣
˵дĽ˵СϱӻˣһƴĴ塣
СЦ˳Բ˺Ⱦơ
ƴΪʦСԭɢˣʦȴõ˺ܶ˵ĳޣҪͽСύ˲
е˼ССиã뽪Сҡ
СҺ迴϶ѳɽӣļ˿ԽύظȥԼ
Сҳſ϶ҪŴĲУһֱģ͸С󣬲˵ĻҪ˵΢ЦУ
տʼܽţľͷˣЩ޷ʵǽСû£ϲʲôЩʽСҵġ
СʽСϲãСЦˣҸϲģ֡
ܿ촫ˣǵԺÿ춼Χˮйͨ͵ĳʳġ
СӣװðҲ㣡ȴˣ
ЩֻǷëأ˵ţСҾͽԼջļ˳
׹׹ָȵȸֶ
С̾˿Ƿӽ̳ѧ϶ܵ˵ע⣬ʲô룬ֻںԺվȽŸ
СͬСᣬżҲֱӾ֮Ⱑȿţʱѡ
ѵ㻹ҿʵˣСЦ
Сһ㶣ǼûпɽΨһܱ˼ҿϵľǽСΪӻ磬Ժᱻ͢ãڸս뺲ԺûվȣЩ˼ֻ̽ȴûʵġ
գСûиκһӦЩСǱͣˡ
ʰҪˣǸͬʿڳְ͢һᷢ䵽ĸɽ߻ʵԶĵطȥ
ҪߵʱҽСû뵽СȻѧ֮ǰʲô˵ôᣬŵǸУС㻹أΪͽŪˡ
κ׼ʿĻˡ
ңҪһȥҽСͽСңûĵ㽫˼˵ʲôѲ㻹˼һԭ㣿ôã˼ҽС㣿
ҺͽǾʶǰôȻҪᰡȻˣҹȥǸͺˣ˵һȻӡ
СңЦƴӣС㻹Ҫдҵ£϶˼ҪʲôΪ񣡡
ϽؼҰ㣡Ҫˣ
κĲȥŭĻȥдһ֣׼͸Сҡ
СڼƣһͬżƢľ㡣
ѧ̨ϣѧž㡣
ʼ˭ƣһǾȻǽСңСڸ־Уһζ֪϶׾ƣȥš
һǻҲ˵ĽŹˣ룬ֽˡ
Ҫ֣ǸģСأҸҪĶ˵ȻֱӽҪ͵Ķ˵˽СҪġ


413 
ǼҴ˲ʶ㣡Ͷŷû˵
ǰҳԷأҺͽǾʶͽСϤͣĴŴš
ʶĸϽߣȻһúˣ
ǼҲƣԾҺϤȻֲڼң϶ǽСưɣҽȥͽСһ˳ȴҲ԰
ֱӲ˵ˣģһµĴţֱҪСҿţ˵ƣָ㽪Сң
ˮҪͿţûӦͱܳ
أ챻һˮĵĸŻһССѾ߾ȻԴˣ
ԴȻҪúдǶԴʶôΪǵƤҪݺݵشȥС㶮ˣòָ㣬Ƕƴϼɣ߲ߣҾô㣡Ż
ҲҪȥμӶƴ᣿𾪵ĿŴСҪμӣ
һ㶣Լһûע˵˳ȥϽΪǵ󡣡
ǼƵģǼʲôǵľơһ±ӣͿʼ۽Сľơ
ڸСҴ֣ųѵæŻȥ㲻Ҿȥ¯ϵĿˮˣ
վ̨ϣ˵ŽСҵľӦôĽҪȥ϶ָСõľơ
վںͬڣƤĻҪСңһ˿⡣
ɫߵСҼǰš
ɻĿ
ŽŴ򿪣λкҪ£
ǼҵľǹӣҪһЦŻش
ȥǰſڵĴһ£̧Ƚš
ϳǷָŷıӣǡ
С־ƣմгŭ

СԺͿͦεվԺûϵĺɴһΪ
֮СҾһֱ˵ϻӹܣҪһ˸˵ƾɫĻϣʱСҾͻˣܾǵʱݴϼʹһȻǣ
ܵСҵһֱͣԼϣõŤͷСҡ
ţڽСҵǰҪʲô
ûиոյĵˣ˼ǰ˵ģЦһ
æͣǹŵ㱻óȻǰҪС㲻Ҫֲźã
Сҵһμʱ֪ǸǵģڽСһںԺְúǶģʲôϵ
ҪһСҵ
޷ڣתԺеϡ
Сһ㶣˵е֮ƽӲʲôͬǡ
С˵ˣƻҪţǿ߰ɣ˵꿴ͣͿͣ
Ͱһۣ˭˿ŽСҵķԸ
ͲҪСҸϽ˸ϳȥͿͰ
촽Ҫ׵Сҵˣӥ΢вõĿ
ǰһѽקݺݵ⡣
ǹ컯֮¾ȻҶҶ֣ĴС
ȥ˾Ը
ͬһˣŻˡ
ŻŻˣҳɢæȥκ
СȻ͸˻ľǻȥ˾˳ɻǳˣвҲе¡
СҵɫãһֱСұĻܣ񵱳ڴϣлϳ谮˾˰ɣʢˣ˿Ҫӡ
Сתͷݣǰ飬С㣡ǲǸϲ裿
Сҵͷݿơ
ϲ裬һһûһҪߵ˼ûС
СҴӴпԺеķüͷ塣
С㣡Ͼͺˣ
СƽҪųȥ
Ƹûȵģ뿪
Сظʹ˻Ǿﺦµߵſͣǻȥ˾ŵСأ
ܻȥˣȥκˣ
Сҷˣκ֪ǻִˣ˳ɾͲʲô⣬Ǻݾ̣϶ʵС취ȳ
ԹС㣡㻹ʲô
ﱻˣȻҪ֪ͨһٳʲô¶ͺûϵˣκ֪϶
κ˵ֱӺͷˣײ˷ȥ˾ϵĲˤڵϣ
﷢йһ֮ͨ󲻵ò취Ӫȣֻܴȥ˾ҽСʷʲô


414 꼻һ
СӺԺ˵˼Ⱦƣڼ˻ȥ˾ϲơ
ǵռʱһҪ˸ߣû˵κһüͷСȰ˵ûɵңŷʲô˵˵ĲС
κһ;ǷڼǺ޵ʱд£ɫ࣬޲úͻƲϵѾٴΰƨˣֲܲܣҪԺݾûˣҪСæֲ֪ʲô˵ѾǸˣôæ
СκǺѣȴ˾ֵطӵҲ첻ȥ
κͷԽСڵְλ϶ﲻʲôæҪƵģСɷһ̳ƣҼлЩĺþƣϣ취ǸŪҪϽ߹
СҪװһСֻ̳𡣡
κæл˵żеĲؾлæ뿪
ҵеˣԻ飬
˷ۣд˼ңڱ˼Ҵˣܺúõĳˣ
κҵĵطˣһϢûУ˾ҲûжԻֻ̣ǲԣֻܺˮҲܷκζͻᱻʹһ١
˵˵££Ҫϴ÷
Ͽǰηӣû࿴
ʷ֪϶˵ΪӲʣҶԷмӣС飬϶ġ
СҽƸСŪ̳Ҫȥ
Сȥ;ƣεĿԺ̸¡
ˣ̧ͷһ۾ͿСϵľ̳ӣһֱ˲ЦݣŽ
쿴Ӿ֪ǺöסССϼһʲôöӣҿ
˲ˣСӣЦŸͣҼľơ
ǿ϶Ǻþƣ򿪳һǿþ߲·ˣ֪СүƣҪ򿪣ôõĶɲҪһ˶ˡ
粻ҪԼȥͽСҪС̳ӾƻԼȵأ
˵˵źͬһ̳
մ򿪣ζƮˣһڣǻζƳЦŴȤҿ㲻س͢Ϊ˱ģΪþưɣ
ɫȻһ£˵ȣôõľƸȣǵûһ飡
СЦһƷƣȥ̳
ܿ죬ٷ˸Сӣһͻ
Сҿüʮַ
üչӣʵС㣬ǳ͢ٵļҾ룬һĵӣںｪСѡ·Σһμ治Ҫῴˣ
С̾ڷ˵˵ģǷ˵ģ£ԽС˵˵׼ǺûǻСս뺲ԺûվȽŸҪѡ
Сϵݣ׽СڵʲôԼ£Ȼа취Ӧ
Сҿصӵͷлᣬ粻ǰţʵصΪϰ¡
Сͬ⣬нСȥ·С뿪
ǰĴ·Ѿ̫ˣϵǻμӸָԼǰС˲ϡ
ڽСͬСҾǹټС㣬е鶼ҪϿ
û죬·ˣҲˡ
źСҴϣｪСֽͣθСҴϡ
СҸоʵ̫ˣŪĲʹ
ҪֹС㣡Щλģ˼ҿǼң˵СĲأ
Сε̾С治õֻͣеĶͷϰŪ˺һҪ̳þƣʹһȥټҡ
ټҰڵ磬ٷ˿ѵһ꼻
Ȼ꼻һֺСҲȤ
˵˵ЦЦж꼻ʫģֻнСޱһ㶼ģС㿴СǴƫԶطʲôûôĳɵˡ
˿꼻һֶôѼ
СҲ⣬Ӧţһֱ˺Ŵϳ
СҾ̫ãС㣬һɣ֮ҽ㣡
Сұ۾ٷ˵⣬϶ǵͻô򵥡
תʱͻȻͣ
С˲Ѱ͵۾
߷ɱʹţң
һ߽һ߶ܣżŵˣɱ֮


415 ׷ɱ
С㣡ſϣ˵
СҴӴпȥˣϵ·òм˴ŵ׷ͫһ
ʹţ׼ʱ׼ս
߬ȭͷΪɫ԰׽ڽСҵߡ
Źĺˣ߰˸ˣһӣֻһˣĶ֣϶û취ˣҲܱ֤СҿԺ
һת߽оĻеǼгԹأϽ߰ɣ
͵̧ͷֿ־ؿҺͽС㻹нֶǾʶ㾹Ȼ˵ʶң
һǼСүҥ飬һû׷
̬ȣʹнСңҪСҾ
˿ģҪ˶ɱˡ
ţŽСҾܣŷɱˣ
γͼ˼սҲ˲٣óϵذ׾ͺǾһ
ֻǻһƤëܿϾ͸ˣæ
û˴ľܿ˶ŽСҵķȥ
ĴУҪңȥС㣡
ĵĿ˴һۣɿĽǰ˻ˣȥ׷ˡ
ֹǰֱ˺üεڵϡ
˴ӴϿȥıӰ׷ȥ
ûˣſ־Ĵߣ
ôУûκηӦֲŷڴıǰ棬ִţվײײǰȥ
ҪסСңÿθҪСңͻᱻֻܽ׷
Ż۾ҪˣúõĲμӸᣬɥǣԼС㶼Ҫۣ˾ô
СһذףŽСǰ壬Щ˶ӲöԸ
һûסͶŽСҿ˹
ͫһɿ˽СһѣСұקĵĶ㿪һ
˼СҶ㿪ʱŭӷĶŽСҽｪСҵһ˲ѪȾѡ
СҶʱһףʲôеذףݺݵضǸ˴̹ȥ
辪ֵĿŽСңĹ˵Ķ֣
˭֪ûȥ漴Ǹһڵֵڵˡ
СҶһ٣ǺֻŶ
ͷȥԶĽһӰ
ǺӰѸ٣ɾĽҪСҵˡ
ʣµļ˿򲻹ܣתͷǼӦء
ҲЩˣղƴȫֿˣڶǰҴԲƽˡ
еĺӰ߹
ֵллӢ۴ȣ
߽ˣСҲſǷ
ôҲû뵽˻Ƿ˵ͷɫ˲䲻Ȼˡ
СҸտʼɷҪԻʹɱ֣ԼҲû˺û˿Ҫֵ˼гɻ
˼ʱŷ񣬡лȣ
޷С¡еĹһ˫۾ŽСϵ˿ڡ
ղŻһֱҪСһʱһ£˿Ҳء
СڸûչԼϵ˿ڣԼ侲ŵϵʬʣЩҪô죿
˾Ͼͻ˵Ƶᣬһ㶼⡣
ûعȻعָŷıӴУǲˡǲҪ׷ɱҵģ
˾Ѿ˲ٿˣϻ˺üΪԼҪȥˡ
ô֪ôСҴȥһ´ʹɡ
Ҳ֪˵ʲôˣŽС뿪ȥǱߵ
ûֱӸ
Ҳţ컹ͣ㹫˽𣬽ץ˾Ҫҹ˲˹ģҸձųҪ׷ɱңǽСȣҾҪˣ
Ųһ٣ӥɨȥ
ੲݵ·𱻶סˣ˲
СҶԻᵽ˼㣬ǰеϵˣһ
ɿܹȥ
ȫѪǵˣСҶǰָ˳ȥбϢ
ȴˣأȥᣬڣ


416 ڸ
СɻĿŷڶߣߣһʱˡ
ͣǰһСԺˡ
Сҿһ۴ֿǵ϶ˣֵһҲᣬǾͷˣ
𴽽ǡ
һͲֹУջҪɱҵģôȥļʱôĶ֪أҲܿȥ
̲סˣҪǣ˶ûģ
ǽС㻹С
ɴĹۿľǷ˵꣬͸ؿڼӣֱӽڵϣҪҪٸš
ڽСҵǰѪ飬϶׷ɱģǲȥҰ
С߬ȭͷΪ˱ԲѣȫˣΪҪĴ
СҷŭĿŻҲ̲ˣ̧ȾһţݺݵĽ˳ȥ
üȤĿŽСҡ
СҲʶףæ˻
ڣ߰ɣ
Сҷ˷СԺС
һŷͽн˳۾ߣԺеӣһǸϻۡ
СǰһСƺذ
Сҳ˳ǣ˸ۡ˵Ĳң
в˼ĵͷ˵Լ壬Ūˣֿ˿˿ں˰
Ʋ죬Ұ˿ڵĴӣ˿󣡡
ۿ˿Ѫζ㾹Ȼ˵ϵһСˣ
Ŵ˿ɫֱ䡣
СҴ˵ææҩ
СҪҩҩ˹ūԼɣ
ԼãСҲ˿ڡ
˾˸ϹСʹҲһ
Сĵæܳȥ
ССңۿдᣬһѽСұڻյĽСҿ촭
Сܸܵ壬Ȱ˵磬û£
СſСңһ˫۾ͨ죬ŽСϵ˿۲ѡ
ż齪Сҵ壬С㣡û𣡣
СЦŽڻУο
СȷϣֽСû˲ŷллȣ
ۿˣ
Сʹƣͺ˾˻лѯ
ǰ˾ģʲôҲ˵ˣֻ˵׷ɱҿûеˣʾֻƪŭ˷ûɱĶ
СӺʶ˻ˣŽСҾߡ
С뽫ԼһĴУ֣ôܲң϶ʹɱֵģ
һֱӸһţߵֱѪˣ֪ôҪɱ㣬ָŪ㣬ף
ϵʹűһţ³һѪιȥˡ
˾˼ֱֳ֮ӽӵԺӵſڡ
κң˵ˡ
κźþͳȥϢȥС
СοŽС˯ˣѯ˵κˣһ˵Ѿ˯ˣ
κھΣͬʱʹ޻ǸΪСҪˣŵ˵ͼˣǴڻûѹиܣֻȻȥ
ڶ磬۾
׳æţˣ
СоôСҲ
ɫ԰ף촽ˣүС㲻صģūû£
Сҿɫ׵ҪеĻúţһŲùܣ
յ²ѣ齪С򼸸ֺõһԺǵΣգ˵׼ʲôʱͻ⡣
СѾ˼ˣ˲ûôס
Լϣ˵æһС
СͷҪˣ鲻ܼһʱͷ
СһжȶָȥԺ
ϵ˵زأ˵ҲأСҪúţմˮʣµʹС
۾Լص˼ˡ
κһû˯û˵ҿûϽҹлȥ
ǸҪҵģ㲻ҪϹ˵С
˼ҽС㣬Ҫ˼ȫ¶ˣѵǱϹ˵ģκ޲ǰںˣǿڻҵϲʲôǾʲôطһ仰˵ĲԣԷܲɫ


417 
ҪȥСл˲ЦݣȻҪȥлСأȻ˵žСҸһţĻôҲ˵ˡ
㲻ҸоãǺ˵ôûˣ˼ҽСأ¾㻹׼ƸȥˣκƤЦⲻЦĿ
ҲܣСǾң롣
ҲԣôСϲ㣬㰮ȥҪĸһ𰡣κ
˵ˣüͷ˼ѡһͻṼļҪôأ
ҪȢؼҰɣΪ㰮ҪҪģ϶⹲һģ
κ˵ĲǺģǼʣ
κû취óһǧȥСҵǸ
СֱӲԺܾκйϵ
κʧֻܴӺͶȥ
ǲûϵҺˣ϶ҵģڴϣ˵ţСôὫ֮أ
ҸҴŶܿͻˣ
һҪˣʱģ֮֮еͺðˡ
κ˵Ҳ֪ͨ磬ܿҲ˵ͷҲص뿪ˣ˵ʲô鶼ҪȥæˣʱһֱΪͣʿҪˡ
һҪ˲
СǱ׷ɱܿʹ˳ȥʲôûֻ֪ǴӾġ
ǶǷ ɱˣڽСұ۲㶪׷ױʾͬ飬ټҺʶĶСƷʾο塣
˵£˽СֲĻ
Сûգ˵ֻǵù˱ۣԼл
СֻһСˣܿͺˣŪҩ࣬һ̺۶û¡
ʱ䣬СϽСҳţҪʲôҪ׳ȥ򣬰ʱ͵ţκ˶
죬и˷ˣŵȴ˺˾ҪʹŽСҸ̶һؼҡ
ͻȻţʹŷ쿴ȥǷˣǸ
Сɵüͷòȥӭӣ֪£
ţһ۾Ϳϵķˣһ۽СңĲʱ򣬵ǳԷ˵ɡ
ĻܳԷʰָϲ衣
ҡͷϾưɡ
Ϊ˱ľ֮СѾüеĲؾ͸˷١
СҸһһƷڷǰ
˼ڣĿڣھпгң
СɻĿŷˡޱĻҲס˵ңӦԼͷɲͬжд
ǳңôҪò
˼ҪɱãСɴ۾
СûʲôɹȺǳģʲôᣬֻһˣȺһֲôܴ˾һֱ׷ĿܣЩ˵Ŀ걾Լ
Сһʱ뵽Ӧ͵ȥ̳ƣھûбҪ˶ԸСҵˣӦǶԼС֡
СҲģɵĿŷͻȻ˳һѾҪ˻ˣô˵ҪɱԼ
оСһɵ񣬷ɫ˲䲻ˣñˣ˻ô
СüͷСıɱˣ϶ǻҪ˵ɱڣСҿԱҲɱˣ϶᲻شѹ˵ȻֻһС٣ȴһ𣬻϶Էмӣ˷Ӽսӣ˵Ҳ飬
ɻĿŷ̫ŷĻҲпԵݵģΪľҪԺ㲻վ˵ǱߣҲվ˵Ķ棬Ϊ˱ȥȰ˵磬Ҳվ˵Ǳߡ
С΢ҪվӵǱߣ
õĿŽСҡ
СڣСޱ븱ʾ
ԭҲǲ˵ôǿŽСһɵֱӿڣҪ粻Ҫֵ֮
һֱҪ֮ǰҲ뿪͢Сû취ҷӵ뷨ԼڱҪվһߵĻҲѡ
Ǿͱ״˵꣬еľһ뿪
СҿĽС磿
СûҪվӵ飬ǰٳе֮ȴĻҪӣԸִ۸ӵĹϵһУͻȻе׷ΪʲôҪ͢ٵͷιӵˡ


418 ǹ
Сӣ֪Сп϶ھᣬȻʵеĹٳе࣬ҲһƬڰġ
ȥͷӴǹٰɣСͻȻ˵
С۾Сңʲôһܲ˵๩ѵҪͷڹ꣬ȥ
С׽СвнСţҪСǺ⡣
迴ĵˣ׼ҹ
춼ҪˣСƣ˸ȥǹ٣ӿ϶ͬ⣬ܱ;ģ
СжǺѪ˿ȴ־ãģҼȻѾλã϶;Ϣɣ˵Ҫ
ȳ緹ɣСҽ
ãСЦŻͷżϴһ£ƣԺ
˵ҪȥѧƣĲУ˵ʲôͬ⣬ʹһ˵СǸܵķǰѧʱ˵Զŷȥˣ
СֱĹǰŴһԲ
˿ͳȥŶС־˺üδԱߵСĶһֱڽУ΢Ե㶫СǿЦЦ˿ɻ
ӺԺӽСе˼ʵʲôԭҪСֻҪҪؼƣǰ׳־
СԵɣǷԽСо֮Էôвѵ⽪СΪ㼦ëƤС£Ҫǰ;ؼƣ޴
С죬ӣҾܺΪ飡
һӣҴõ⣬ҵǵͷϣֱҪңûܸıҵľ
ĶʦСҪ
Լһûʲô˼ģֻԼοСҪ͸Сˡ
Сˣǹ٣ŭҪС˵Сϳš
СŹϵķţһؼҿСһû˯ѣڴϾ˯ˣСҪǰ׼ķҲûԡ
һֱСѹСѾ׼˷˷ŽСţҪô
һü죬ÿҹ
ʱʱѵ⣬ϺԺǵĿ⣬СͨˣʾһԼҡ
˵ŶСһ㱨С㣡Ǹֲ˼ҵĶŮˣ˼ҵ˸пΪСĽ֮ģµģ˼ʲôҪţ϶ϲߣ
Сҷ˷ۣѾ˵ʲôˣ裬ȥ¶СĶ߷Ըһ
Цū϶Сã˵ͳˡ
û೤ʱ䣬;мܲסˣСʾյСعѶĺѸüĿˣ
Լĳ̫ˣڸʾõģ֪ѡ˼Ҷģôܹ˼أ
СţС㻭һǺѸ˼һʫ
û뵽Ѹһֽ״齫浽ϣ˵ΪḡȻϷ˵˼СС㲻ֵ顣
ԩǺѸĿǾԼܾˣвͷҧԼһ𣿣
ѸڽַڵһֱǸؼģȥиԱ⿴ˣֱӾ;ܾˣӸûн
ǲԱ˵ɧţһҶŪĽͷö˵ѸţҪϳͻ
ϣ˾ֱӸ壬ڵƴİҪСС㶼ʣ
˷ŭֱٸʮ壡
ԭϴδ˾ãְ˼ʮӣۿֱӱ˺ڰĴС
κʿѡˣԹ޻ʱ򣬻ĸ׹Ҫæκŭӽ֮ĺ¶˵һͨŪԼǸԼˣʿˣ
ɽ֪ԼСǸʲôģκ˵꣬һϣ˶ǴûůȺ͸ôඪ۵飡
κһѹͷŭ𣬡Ѿͱ彲ˣԺ벻Ҫˣǰ;ˣպ󻹲֪Ҫô˵תߡ
ɽκɫˣǳɫɻҪСӴӴоȳ
ԭٻ˼ӹؼͿԷųϳ˶СС飬Żų̂׾Ͳ˵ˣ˵˼Ҷ˼


419 а
ѸָŻ˵аˣˣȥˣһٻƻŮأҿӣǱ¹а˰ɣҲῴһŮӾΪ˼˵ǰ˼Ұ۵ã׷Ͼ͸˼ҥ˼ˮأ϶аˣ
ֵҲиŸ͵ģһͲˣǹɣҪ˼׵Ĺ
Ⱥл˵һֱںݵʱ򻹹ƻһС㣬С㶼ˡ
ƴĽͣ˵Ķģаˣûţ˵Ҫߡ
ѸֹҲΧ˸ˮйͨм仹Һҵˣ֪˭ӵòҶһȺ˷׷Ч
ǶԹŲɣŻƽʱ˵аȻе㻳ɣ˼ҹǶľ;ÿ϶аˣҪϵаƳȥ
ɽһֱ֪СӵĹ񱣬ǰûôأʱǵʱ˵һԣǸκһ𣬲֪ôӣҪǰֹ˵ǻϵìͷҲָֻͣжܡ
˵ʲôĶУ˵Ҫʿȥģ˵ֱӽģӿ϶òˣŪһ˰ˡ
ίԼû£ЩСֻ˵˴ʵôͳ˹ƻаˣ
ţҲȥֱӽ˸˳
һ·ϳǵáʹңǱĻص齵ĵط
źѸ֪ŪĻƷǼſ˸ʵʵΧ˵Ҫʮ죬ҪȻܳ
һʦ˵аˣҲһ˿ģǸҪɽˣʦķ
ʦ˻ɽŷҪɽڰʱճɻңˮиˡ
к»Ƶڵġ
漴鱻ǴȥǸŻаˣ֪￪ʼģ˵Сڻ̥ʱеģСʱ򲻱֣ڿʼŮӡ
ǿʼԷļſֽСϽ뿪ԭǸСԺӣڻɣǺ۾
ɽû취׼Ǯµʱиվ˵컯֮¾Ҫ£͵壬вΪһ۵㣬Ų׷ŹӲҪǼǮ¡
Ƿ׷ǰŮˣû뵽Ǹ˶֣϶аˣп϶Ск϶Ǵʦķˡ
ÿ춼ڻɽſţҪǳÿӶùкֹ
ɽ뾡취ܳȥ˸һõóһҩ裬˵ǰΰٲͻԵҩ˻ɽ
ҩҩ㣬ȥ֮˲оöˣþֵܿñǰˣû죬к̱֮ڴˣɫơ
ɽӦڹݺǰǸʦ͵õ˾˼ˣôҲҲ
Ϊ̫ÿ컹˽йڸ˵Сͻϸһ˯ӡ
κȻ˵˲ܻ飬˵̱ڴˣֻǴŶһ£ŻǱӣ֪Ӧ˵ûǿ
˵ˣˬˣҪˡ
ʹΪǸˣûˡ
Խ˵ԽģСֻܷеĳʳ̾˿
Сʹ׳ԺʰĲˣǾ͹ȥ
Сδ궼ҪںԺְСҾͽԺӣܲһֱסСԺСͬںԺһԺӣ⼸
СҿʼʰȻסû죬һʰŷֶһ㶼١
Ѹö˾ͰȥԺС
˰ٺãСĴŶףһ£С³д
˵Сдȥˣκ˵ԺʮԹ޻Ҫʧȥܺõѣ
Ӽζ˵ʱһã˵˲Ҫ飬ҿͲӦýųֱӹڴã
ȻǾ̣ǴϼʱͿʼûˣΪ֮·Ҫ˵ʱǻҪȫ˿ϣ洫ľ˾ƣڹǸţڵĻҪǰʱҪ⡣
ھ൱ڻһã˵ʲôʲôɽԻƴӡ
ԻΨһµľĴ磬кܶϡŹֵķͷ


420 Ժ
ҪԵѵ
ɽŴСҪ󣬵ӵɫСЩ飬͡
Ըվſǽҹ泭дһٱ飬;ȥ㣬ܺˮԷӲϢа㱧Թͳ顣
վǽдҹ棬ӻûȫãдֱɫŻһ㣬֪κڻɽûʱǰܺ󣬻ʿѡΣŶȥκлֵǸ
κӴʿһӾͺ͹;ˣ
Ӧκһ뾡һа취æκҸĲ¡
κҲǸͥûл϶ҲܰһĲ£ֶʮҲûһֱѿ
ͻȻѯʽСͽСҵ飬ﲻΪ˽飬ɽ϶ܴãĿҪ˽ƵĴʼӦң
ƷǼҵľƣǾĲؾҲȻҵĺϺܶ࣬ȫһεģƴϻҿ϶ᱻȥġκʵ˵
κ˵üͷһκȻﲻƵģСҲڸ־ˮ֮УûȻǿԷֱģԼӰ׼ľƿζȷʵܺá
ûӦҵľƣκ
Ӧģֻһ㣬ҺͽֽύڼԷƷһΣΪĺ֣˼ҶԹˣǰЩʱ仹Ϊ㱻۵ɥѾҶϽˣκһֵýύˣھȻǸ۳ӣ
ɫ֤࣬Ὣȥʱʱ׳־˵һҪһССͬʿ˵Ȼߵ˶ˣ㿼ϺùԸڹٳҲû취棬˼ҶָͷܽǸŪ
κ֪ҪͨԼСҺͽСڵܣҾñ绹ǸϽȥ׼μӶƴɣ
˼һ£ȻԼѾ˾ǣС¸ӣһԼǸã
κֻ֪Сµסַʲô֪ˡ
Ǹͷӡ
СʱæֱӾܾ
κ֪ͲŽС㲻֣ĨڽСŪǶΪСû;˼ĵӣԼ̯飬϶ҹ
ŭĲУصҿŻ
ɽҪؼң붷ƴû೤ʱˣҪϽȥ׼
ͷϵǾͻȥǸ飬ɣɽԸȷڹôˣãã˺ҲǸ⣬ұǻдȣҲû취ʲôֻܴʡ
˼ûнŪѾܲˣڲҪǸΪ𻵵ĹϵҪ취ȥֲ
ߵʱ򣬻ָСӣ˵ҪǸҪͽССҵǸ
Сضˡ
˺ü춼ûţ֪СֻܴŻɽͻؼҡ
Сÿ춼СѧִۣǹŴӦҲһЩڻûվȽŸ鶼ҪãƷȻ½ܷģϾҪμӶƴˣҪЩȥ׼ӦҲ쵽·ˡ
Ĳˣͺʹ׳һȥԺ
һˣǰľʶǾϸѡġ
еıҹ򻹺ãһмҾ죬ֻܰҾĵطԸ
СͽС˼ˣϤ˺һĿ࣬һһ˹ֱ񣬹ҲҪļǮܸߣ˼һ̡
˵ˣǼǺ˼ңӲˣֻҪҺǱض׷棡
СͷǼȻǴ˼ңǶ˾ԺǿʦԼһȸǿвʵĵط˵ǿ޸ġ
˿Լֲź񣬻мڣʮʹǩԼǸмҾĻҲİ˵ط
Сǽ˼ѡõҪΪСҵ
ﻹСֻҪһʣµ붼ھбС̫Σˣ͵϶ģ㲻һֱƴˣҪչԼǱߵѾ˵ˣҲ˻Ժ϶ῴͷİɣ
С֣һòôˣؼҪ׼ƴᣬҪЩ֣ôˣ
Сû취ֻġ
ѡˣʦʶˣ϶ģҪǸүɣ


421 ؼ
СҵͷСѡиһߵҲ⡣
ʰöҪˣûǣС˺ܶණװ˺üӣھľƸ˽СȸҲԼоơ
УһģСͷŽСʰһ𻹲֪Ҫ೤ʱټ´μҪɴ˰ɣ
оСߣСŤͷöߣԻؼͻؼңزȥ͸Ǹţǹ꣡
֪·עⰲȫ˼ǵøдţСҪ룬
ʰöðǱҲϢͶ˻ȥʱ䡣
Сȥݷ磬̳ؾƣ漴̻ؼҡ
СͷŽСҵĴֱʧھͷؾɣ
Ժһؾǡ
СԽߣԽǼᶨһͷ󣬵ûΪʲô飬ԺǼİ죬Ҫ߾ܣȫ
СҺܿ컻ˮ·û೤ʱ͵˽Ҵ帽ͷ
½ӦյϢǰҪͷϵˣСһ
ͣŽС´
СһΧͷӷˣˮ
½˹Сң
Сǰ񣬡
½æÿ춼Ҫżˣ˵ҪżˣӴˣҾûҪڼأ
˭֪䣬ӦϾ͹ˡ
СæȥţӶôô
ӦϲС§ڻѾϵĶжҪ֪ͨСͳ٣ߡ
С̧ͷϤĳϤİûڼҵʱ䣬Ӷջؼˡ
ŽСҵĸ첲һֱС㣡ǻˣˣ
СЦˣڸ첲ϵ֣ˣȥ׼ɡ
ͷȥ˳
ӦСҶˣͷԸһҪóԵġ
ЦӦСһϢѾ׼ˣˡ
ȼﰲСͳٻˣ㣡
СŻææĽţס˽Сҵĸ첲ٿţһҲ
СЦſˣʱ䲻ڼңǶǴСˣҸǴӾǴ˶
˵Ҫ˽Ӵ򿪣ӾǴĸֶóҪ˵Ķֱһߡ
ʱһ˿ĵĳԷСҸѾһ٣ڷϺ˵˵ЩǵͽСھǵ
СǰۣںԺְȻҪھǣԸ˵Ǹϲ£˵ٵˣԺ϶
һƬϲ˵һƷڻŽСһ𣬸ӾÿģôķӴţԺ;Ͽ϶ܸӿ壬ҪﲻæСѧʣвŻ϶Ҳױ˴ѹģ
ܿ죬֪СһˣǮҼķ׷ӣҪСϢ֮ʱ۾ۡ
ׯ˵СǰۣСһˣͶ·Сұһһ
СЦóк
һֱϣǲɢˣСҷоƣڶϢһ죬һȥӦҡ
Ӧҵ˶ĵӭӣֻϿȥôԸ
˵Сǰ֮ϵо͸ϼˣʱ޸СԼھǵ˵ĸˣŮǹټҷˣ˭뵽ʱһƶϴĴƼôķչأѾ޳ȥˣͽĿӦСͽСҵϡ
һֱϲŮϲŮʱһԺóľǶˣҽСоָ¾ƣԺԼĶϱԼҵģС;С϶æӦ϶֪֮󲢲ͬ⣬뷨˵ȥ
ŭôͲ˵ȥˣԼĶ𣿣ʱӵĳɼȽСҪأʱմľǽСˣ
СҪ轫ӾǸÿ˴ĶˣϺͽϺţ˵Ǳ˿ɴһ˲ܴģڸǹͲһˣҪûү
һ˼һܴʲôöѽô촩Ͽ϶
ЦƣҪûȥӦϣǸɣԺҪ첻ù
ǼҿźӱߣƽطҪ죬СⶣҪǵģǾ°ɣӦЦ˵
Цſ޽СҺͽСѺүЩ˾Ӷзݣ
ųӹҪˣȥ÷ɣÿԴϡ
ôõ·˷ˣӦϺ·
ҪҲûطðôȥǰ⣡Ӧ˵


422 
ӦϺЦŵͷ
һ˳˷Ϳʼǵ£ȻӦϴȥֻ;ƣƾͻˣﶼûȥ
С˵˻飬Ӵ˵˻ҵ
⣬ǻ϶Ҳ˰ɣ
СЦŵ˲
պ½Ӧ˵˸ͷ˾ĲУŮ͹Ĳףȥ˾ǻϸ
豾뽫ܹȥǴ죬ŭĽ˵һ飺үСܾ͸СүĨڣ˵Сүͬ˵ү٣ѵ˻ǲģүжֻǸͬʿֿʼĨүżͬ£ΪүǵһƷѧ²Žɢȥ
СеϢʱӦҲò˼飬ôõĳɼ˿϶᲻Сû೤ʱ䣬һ˳˳ˮ϶Ҫ˻ɡ
иӲС೤ʱ䣬Сôʱ䣬ôСȥܿаۣ
ӦϺﱧǶҲǻɵģͽСһɹӵݣû뵽ǷӾȻһƷ١
Ҳ𾪡
ȻǴ٣ֲСѧôãϸ̾ڵĳӶˣҪǵʱҪСһѧϰȥڲҲ;ˣ
ܿϻСı£һʼ˵˭˭˭ѧҪῴˣûĿһϡ
ǲһһʼ˵һƷٵѧ˵ֱӾ״ԪأϿŽСңϼף뱲ӾͻԻ˰
ӦȻû˵ҲǰûڣСô궼ûϣŷӶ̶ʱͳţ϶Ǹб£˵Ҫϼף˵ʲôͬ⣬ʱͬˣС϶Ͳñҵ³
вڣԽѾԹ޸ˣǸˣҪӵǰ;ûˣҪǴ󷿲ҵӣڼ̱˶ˣӦЦݵӣӲʲôʱǰⰡ
ϿӦϣСǹˣҲ˳׵ˣЩýÿ춼ǼߣӴӴɣʱ͸ϽٳţҪҪСˣһֱţǶӺͽСҵĻʲôʱܶ
ӦϿ϶Ķӵ飬żأ궨ˣƴˣ϶ƴ˻ɫģ
һƷٶæĽСĻ£ֿС϶ҸùŮСأСҵҲԼˣûпеѡ̽ʡ
Ӧϵ˼֪ԼŮ⣬üͷ˵Сҵ϶æѡ
ʧССҵ£϶źõ㲻ǹټӵܿ϶ҲǴ˼ҵ̣ûˣҪ˵ʱ͵ؿ˺ϵæ졣
Цתƻ⣬СһСأСȶˣõСҳ׵ͣʱҸõģͼ˼жãֻҪСҺãԺ޹ȥܹϺӾУ˵ž˵ӦӦﻳбӦҪ磬Ҫʱˡ
ûһӦ˵ҪСһȥϢʹŽСһؼˡ
ϽϺӦϺ·ϣڶʹӺͳߴȥ˲÷꣬һŪ֮ׯҽСҡ
СڴϢأڴôʱ䣬ҪȷʵûôףƷ½ţһ첻ȥûʲô⣬ϹӦϣСһǡ
Ϊ˲ΣЦŴȤҽȥϸү·ǲ÷쿴·Ӻһٿأ
Сû˵ĿҪϲ衣
ɫһû뵽СҾȻΪʲôȴҪȥҽС¡
СҸ˴һʹ¡
ӽʲô¾ֱ˵ɡСҿϡ
Ϻ˿ڲ裬ľƣߵİɣǴӾǴģ
ߵģҪ˵㶫ѡСʵ˵
Ҫ˵أӾǻϸˣϴЦǹˣŵһƷ٣ԺǼҾͷˣ͢й涨ٵĲܴ̣Ժ·û
ӲòҴšС˵Ҳ˿ڲ衣
һ£ڣТ˳ֵܼТ˳﷢ô飬̻ûˣѺүܴû˻̣һıͷûˣǹټңܴ̣ܲܰæٽŪ
Сֱӵܣ
ô϶а취ġϲġ
ʲô𣿡
ʱȺͽСٺ͹Ǳ˵Сֱʣͽ뷨˵ˣǹټңԺ͵Ҳǲԣǿ϶ܹȥ̣ȻУΪʲô̸ܽѺү


423 ۻ
ôСҼĿϡ
߬߬ȭͷǼҼȻ̣ԺǾ򽨳˿϶Ҫл̳ţ㽫¾Ʒү˵ȻҪСڳ͢аæ˵˵ʱ̻үģǼһٵģһ̵ģԺ󲻳ûչŪľܾ˱˵˰
¾ɲһʱŪõģʱѡɹƣҪʲôȥС
ү۵ľˣֻҪͬ⣬ǿ϶һüǮԥ˵š
ӵ뷨ү֪𣿴أ
ҽ졭
ҪſڱտھѺүѾ˵ˣ˭˭ģҲٽѧǸˣӦѧŷչԼһζĺͱҪСѵ⣬Լû¾ƱˣǻûǸ£ҺҲûôңȥӦ˵ƵＸͷϣҶָҪԶزӦң
ϻ˵ЩʲôǿŽССС壬ɢǲСһԡ
˵СҴһͿͣ
ţӦ̫̫룡
Ŵĳƺвζ첽뿪ˡ
Ӧϻ˵ˣʣ˵ˣôˣ
ү·ģֻ˵ѾˡСЦ˵
Ӧϲţʲô
˵ҪϼףҪעһ㣡Сҽüͷ
ӦѾ˵˺üΣϾȻģҪף뽫ԼŮȢȥΪҪƵķӣ
Ȱ˵үӺϷ˿϶ͬ⣬Ӧү϶Ҳͬ⣬ôڣҲֲʲô¶ǿǼҺǰһˣСڶѣ̫̫ú˼ƽϣ
ӦϽʹһŽ
СҷĲУھϻѾˣϺӦɾȻҪöݼ¹Ȼ鷳
С㣡켸λõС㶼ҪǼһû׼أСɫã˵תƽСҵעҪЩ¡
СһͿʼ˼ۻҪôš
ǮҺļﶼԶ͹ˣСҪ轫ĶóҪǴӾǴģеǵС⣬ʣµзݡ
Цˣ֪϶ǴõģһԷ͹кöߣ
ӦϸտʼдһˣҪҪʲô˵˻Ժš
СΣʣµ·Ǿ³ӣɫޣҲϲ͸һһףǼ˵Ĳ࣬˶С΢е֣еߡ
ǮҺѡԼϲʽСҪȥﻻϿ
Ѹٻϣϵ·ԽԽϲ
ȶСӦʱ򣬿żϵ·С˲ͲԸˣ϶СҴӾǴİɣǾȻǣͽõˣ
Цţ˭Ҫ
ⲻΪɩСӦ¡
СҪӣţӦõ˰ɣ
ǰÿ춼Ҳûвôʱ䲻ˣߣӦӡ
ߵе̫Զ˰ԺһҪע⣡СҲĵѡ
û£Լзִ硣ӦҸĿԼĶӣڷֺöôܲ
СЦҪӦúѡԼϲģ
еĺӣӳˣ⼸¶
϶û£ڶڼסأӦЦǴС֡
Ӧ˵ҲˣҪҪ׼õĳʳҪʹڣҪ輸˶Ӧעһ㡣
˺ܿѡԼϲģֻӦûдϣΪǸӣû취ȥż˵ĽѣҶˣҲҪǴһġ
СЦŽӾǵĵóЩҺԼģʱ䳤˾ͻˣһǴӾǴġ
˳һ£˵óԣ˵ɣڲƣء
С˵˵㾩ǵ£ܳʱû ĲĻ⡣
һֱ˲뿪
ӦϽݿżĶ̲סޣ⼸Ӷǲġ
ֿ˼ң˵СЦ˵
ǮҸտʼҲףǺСУ֪϶ˣǮҶ£СҲҪ 
ҾúõĹŮǣܲ˵úþҪȢؼҰɣӦûĿŽСң漴ʾûд˼ҿϽСģеĻҪ춨


424 
С˼һ زǾȥǣø翴¡
ӦϵͷҲУһﶼǹ꣬һûȥء
ڶϸճ˷Ԫˣ˵ӦϾˣǸŮ
Ӧϸˣ˵ûʲô¶ͷˣĸǱ˵ûУ
ûȥھȥ˵꣬Ԫ˷ܵȥӦҡ
˸ߣӦϾϵЦݣϣһ̥Ǹأסڶҵĵλ
кŮʱһģﻹᣬҪˣҾҪŮԺСһܸɡ½Ӧϵ֣Ц˵
ӦϽֳҲŲҪŮҪСӡҲڽӴˡ
ӦǱߣǸŮ˷ܵһӲˣǶһǸСӰôǸŮ
Ԫ˲ʲôҶϲҵҲϲ
 ûǸ˼ҾиСӿԸǴڽӴ
ǻСأԺûӡԪû˵
Цŵͷ
ϵһۣЦӭӶԪţʱ
Ԫ֮͸ҪȥﻹûѹأҪȻȥˡ
ӦӣҵĺͲĶҪȥӦǹùã׼öģźϺϹ̫̫һȥ˶ҡ
һңͷֶһƬ֮
ȻʱӦ϶˵ˣ˵ʲôģɿͻеĹŮôҲĲһǸѾͷƬӣһοҪˡǶҴ󷿶ϱڼҲû˻̵λã϶Ҫһȶλӡ
ӦҲζԭͺ£ϵĻӲζ
ӦϹӦĻϣŮСӶһģڲŶ䣬ҪӶǻᣬղŻ˵أ˵Ǹöϱܿϲ㣬ԪźӸϲͺúõɡ
ҲȰ˵źԪϲ㣬ϲŮ㲻ôడҪǾ͸÷ˣҲᣬһҪô룬úýãŮչ˺ãԺ϶еġ
ùú˵Ķԣúӣ˵˵û˵
ҲȰ⣬˵ϲҲŮ
ӦЦݣź๫ȷʵܺãһӣǲ֪ôˡ
СҺͶС㱧źӶ棬СҪӽС̣С㽫ȥҪȽйùãȤӻ˵ء
˰죬Ӧﳹ׿ˣԪŶôãôŮҲĺӣı˵һֱôȥˡ
ôţ˲٣ÿ춡С㶼ҲȻȣСҲǮҹܿһ¾͹ȥˡ
¾ƵʱȻǷ쵫Ϊз磬ûôȡ
ӦϼһҶȥ˶ңСҴӾǴҩƷӦ˲٣ӦÿҲ׼˲٣װһ
ȫҳϯССʮˣȫϯһ㡣
ȻؼҵʱӦѾ۵˵ˣϴһ¾˯ˡ
½Ҳòȥһ춼ʽС
СŽСң˻һֱŽ֣˵ʲôſ
Сȷʵ˺ܳʱ䣬ҳԵеˣȥ¥ˡ
ΪԵˣ˵ȥŪһʳ衣
컹Ҫ𣿡Сһߺһʡ
СͷȻ
½Ѿۻˣԭǲȥģǿӵӣû˼˵ֻܴһ
;½ӦϺСӣȥ¥ϿӦϺСӶ˯¥żŬĺӣɵ¶οЦݣȴƼĺһӾԲˡ
ӦϵĲСҴһʼ͸ÿٷڶ¡
ϾҪϦˣԼҪһԾƣСȴû취ȥˡ
ӦϰｪС׼ŵѵʱˮˣڼѾ׼飬ӦϺһһûˮﶼҺˡ
æǰæš
½ճϢָϽ˻ӦȻкüӣһȴӣţӦϵĺסһǽȥɣ
Сû˵սȥͱӦϺ˳ûһҪȥһǵ
Ǹսȥͱ˳
СҿźЦˡ
һʱ֮󷿼㴫һӤޡ
ϲ̫̫үǸӣ
ӦŵĻеĴʯͷ
轫ʰ֮󱧳½


425 
½ҴҿһۣͼæݿӦϵӦϵֿ޸ͣ
ӦǿžҪСӡ
½ŷ۷۵Ķӣֵ
迴źһֱޣһ¿ˮιӺˮȸͣһǶˣ
ӦϾʹߴŷæ̣Ū˸ֽϣҪǶȥͨһ£ ˮˡ
Ӻȹ˲ֹͣȵ˯ȥ
СͳٺĿŴϵĺӣĲС
СҪȥСţҪСһҪúñܵܡ
½Ȼû˵Ǻ֪ܿϢ
ɫҰףƼˣкˣСڻھǣֻмСӣСǲʶңǴƼļҲܿǸǵˣ
ҲˣѾˣ֪ΪԵĲûΪʲôǵûгֻ˺ܶ࣬ӵӣֻһӦϣʲôʲôҲзŭ½Ůˣ϶Ǻ½׵ģҸӸ磬϶Ӹף
ʲôȥȫӦϺ½˸ӣ½ϾҪӦϵĲƲˣ½ǳŲƲģںӶˣӦϿ϶ѾˣԼԹ޵ĲУŪļӶԼˣ
˼ȥŭһҾԲҪǸС˵óѣ˵ߡ
ţӸ磡Ҫȥɶ
ͷҲأֱӳӦϼȥ
⣬Ų˲ڽŶȥͷһССǮҪСȥнС
СڼңСѾ͸ֻܴӽСΪͻƿڣȻСҲǽӸоǰ۰СģֻҪú˵Сһᱻ½Ǹ쵰ɱ˫ۡ
С˵ҪΪͬͳˣһǽӣ˲ߡ
׷С˵仰
СͷĿǲ˵͵˺ӣԺֵܼҪˣԺǼҵĲƲҪ˶ˡ
СһһĽ½һϣ˵ĶİҵѪҲ
СŲӵĻǰҪʲôܸʲôԼҪȴѵһͨ˼ƣŲĵ
С㻹̫С½ԲǺˣѾƭתˣô⣬סǼңǺӶˣ϶ǰĽҲߵʱ޶ӿĵ˵š
С󼥷ĿŽӣҪʲô˾ҪҲʲôˣ㵱ʱＸ׬ǮȫߣһƨţҸǹˣͲҪΪǻһδεԭ㣿
С϶Ầ㰡Ȱ˵
ֲɵӣͨļŮ˻ˣҪӹϾǣ浱ǿСۿ
ôôң׵һܺ𣿣Ӵؿڡ
Ҫ˵ôǼʱǺǣΪάѾ𻵽ǺǣڽѾУһ仰ԭ˽ѾǺǣһ仰˵׬ȫߣǺǣǼͨʱͲҵˣûҪĵСɲӣѾ˵ĺˣȻ
Сһһ⣬Ҫһ仰Ҳ˵
ҪҪúüнβʹͨļŮ˶ڼӣҪǰˣС˵꣬ͷҲصĻȥˡ
ڵϣһжûˡ
ĸŹӾ֪ˣ׻֪ҵǽС⣬СѾǸˣСҺС󶼻Сأ˼˵ʲôʲôжӸԹޣΪҵ飬ҪǸԹޣô˵ûã˶ӣ϶ļӣֻܡֻȰСˣӸ粻һССӿǺƭģ
źĵĻӲ˼ڼĶԹ޵ĲУСУһëûСʲôãѲɻ赲½Ұ
СؼҾͽӵ˽С˵ˣͿǹˣǺ½ദôʱ䣬½ԺеģҲܸСܵһݣϾһģǰСܵܵΪҺã
СҿŽС٩٩̸Ц㿴ŶҪΪˣ
ÿ춼ڳأǼǰ棬˺һ𲻾ͺˣСüͷ


426 ׼
У˵ĶУСͷԭһصģڶѾˡ
ٿŽСҵӣĬĬͷ˹
СһٱԼҪߣͷһĪΥ͸С
ϽԷʦŸǽ书أë͸߻书ܺãСͳѾľѧˣ˿ʼ²ѧϰë͸߻书ˡ
СѸٳ˷ ųߣѧˣ͸Сܵѧ
ӦҪϴӦ˶˴˺ܶಹƷŪǾϸѡһ
Ƽ˶ӣ½ԺˣƤЦⲻЦ˵ţһӾζ
Ӧϸˣÿ쾫չţ㲻ϴϴͷҲ 壬ŻеĶôôϲ˵Ҳ⡣
ϿźҲϲĲУС첲Сȶž׳ʵ
ӦЦӵС֣ƢĲУһ˳˾ڵ
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Ϲ۾һС˴Ƽÿ
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Сд˺öҪǿ½ѡһСͰ˳ģС߽е˳ڵĲС
µʱ򣬾¥еӶˣص˽ӴӴ
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СҿеļᶨתͷС
СҲҲҪȥǳȥɣȥ濴Ҳż³
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СҲȥ׼﷢չӶǿŮܽƴľģҲֻйŮ
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½СңСҲдȥ˼ͿڣȥȥɣʱأֻҪСĵ϶û£ôΣյǰ
УǶСأӦϲⵣģ᲻ãپͷŵҲǸӣ


427 
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СûģӦšһѣŶҪұӣ㻹ûأ
С˵ĲУ½СӦϱСߣֵġ
ʱӦϺӦ϶ˣȥݵ顣
ӦҲҪμӶƴ᣿Ӧ𾪵ĿӦϺзĲУӦҪȥμӶƴᣬʲôμӣѲӦϺҲҪˣ
ӦϺȫûǸ˼Ҫȥ棬ԺõľƣڼﲻȥӴ棬۽綼ģ
ҪʲôƲμӣӦСʡ
ǰŪе㾫ģʲôҪ뿴˼ôƵģ˳㿴ԺƵ·ӦϺֱӿӦϵ˼ܣΪ棬׹ŮҲڷһķԼ
ӦһȷʵӦóȥýὫƵȥ
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ӦϺֱӵͷʱһȥɣ
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˸սţӦɾ͹ʣùô˵ģ
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ӦܵĲУӦеľƹùüҶᣬĸãȥҽСܾ飬Ӧɽüͷ
ܿ͵Ҫʱ䣬ڵʱСҺͽСгٶڼʰûһȥӦң½ӦϺССȥˡ
˶ҪߣֻʣӦϺӣ治տҲУ¥ҲõģƷҪúðš
ϿŽСûӦϺͽСҸǼԽԽԶˣԺ϶æˡ
ӦɳԷʱһֱ׻Ҫ֪С׼ʲôȥμӶƴᣬ½ôʲô˶ʶʲôشʲô˵ľͽܹȥˣҪӦͷʹѡ
ﰲźãڶ켸ë͸߻𻹴õľƹȥͷ
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СûûȥôԶĵطһϴסˣ⴬ߵĺÿ찡Ƕ೤ʱܵݣ
ЦſȵǰߣֻҪ·ûлʮҾܵ
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СҿųҲȤͨдǽҲиӡǡ
ӦСӦСʱ򶼴ŹģȻΣǵһγţв˷ܣ˸ʱͳҽСͳ١
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;ӭӣ½үС㣡ү
Ӧüתͷ½ǰ׼ʲôμӶƴ᣿
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428 
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ӦϺӦҲűʾл
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Ӧ϶ܣɵø̾ǾƼҵķչ֮أ̶ȲһطԱȵģ
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һһȵĶƴᣬصľ̶ݣһСֵޱȣ
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¹кӭӽȥӳȥˣҪȽӴλ
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СҵͷһԷң
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𲢲⣬֪½ƣǹʲôĶǴӽСҵŪģŽС½ȫûҪ˵˼Щͷ󣬡ƴϾҪʼˣ½үͽСʲôģԾң
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һȥֵط˲Ÿֵط
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½ЦȻǺö
͹ҪЩʲôԶǺݣȻҪԵǵƲˣЦ˵
½ѯ¶ʲôƲˣıһѲС˼
͹ƷλǵеɫҪˣƿһ䣬ȥҪ׼ˡ
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˿ǻŹŮûһͬ˵뿪ˡ
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СŶ˰죬ЩûõģһھƣƵǲ
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429 Ϣ
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صԺеʱӦ϶ӦϺҲˡ
½ȥкǽʳʲô
ӦϺɫѿӦɿڻش𣬡ǽ֮ľƶƷһ£үү˵ЩƱǵй֮޼Ҫˣ
Ӧ϶ѵ⣬ź˶㣿ô֪Ҫ䣿ЩǲǾԱȲǼҵģ
Ӧɫһүү˵
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ͣСҶ԰ڲûйӦŵŷ˵㡣
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СûŪʳƣ϶ˮ³Ĺ涨Ķƴ϶ͬ
ŽСձӣ迪ڷԸ;ȥһȥϿɣݵĵطܴ󣬲ǻȥĵطƴỹмſʼ


430 ƿʼ
Сҵͷϴһһߴ̽
СóĴŵıֽ
ƴžƣŽСҳźӱߵľɫʼմǳǳЦݡ
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һ㶼ڲأܶطأ׼ȥǱ߿
СҲ˽󣬵Ϊ˽ûкǶ˵СһҪתưעһĺˣʸͣ
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;˸ۣǹ֪Ȼ࣬Сʲô˼˵֪ĸ࣡
СԴӷְԽСҲ֮󣬾Ͷ԰ע⣬Ѿʮˣ᲻ãҲҪҸ˼Ҽˣ϶Ҫѡһõĸ㣡
ӦɿǸȥ棬;ǿ϶֪ڲϢ򲻻ôա
½ÿ춼ţ˾ͳȥ͸˴˶ˣҲ֪˲ٲΪ֪Ϣ
ܿ͵˶ƴӡ
ǰһʱ½ҹϵƻһȻβǰǺôֺš
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ӦɿŽüӦ֮ǰạ̊́˶ƴᾹȻֻõ˵
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СҺǵ۹⣬ֱԼĸУ˽⶷ƿʼʱ䣬Լľƴš
ҲˣɽͻðǣСҾ͹к
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ż٣żһλߺӡ
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433 
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434 ۳
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436 Ҫʲô
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С׽϶ͷйϸ𣬵ڵֻܵͷ
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437 ɻ
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438 ڼ
緹֮ǮһҪͽСѧķôСֻܸ˽ѧһָ˵ƵСطŽߡ
֪ôϢǹδһ˳ȥСаۣǹڶƴ϶ùھ½ҿƵԴԴϣ˵Ǽҵļ־ƿܻΪƣŽСϢ̽
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440 Ӧɵ
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441 µ꿪
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442 
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ҲΣҪȥ㲻ҽСңȥͽС棡
ŲŷֽСѾȥˣֻнС⼸ǶԴͣ¥еĳӼǺܺãҪѹء
ŵڽСҵϣ̶ʱ䣬СѾһСѾͷͤͤŮŵвһСƺ;츳ͬʱӣŮãҲ黭Ҳһġ
Ҫ𣿡ǰȥ
û˵أҪھˣżû೤ʱ䣬꣬ʱ䶼·ϵˣСæϵĻͷҲ̧ĻشĻ
ǿȥǰ
ô˵ɣȥȥǣӦ϶ҪСڼꡣ

ҵÿֻǳһٷȻҲһСЦ˵
Ż˵Ǳ½ˣֻʧҵڷ磬ڷؼҡ
СܿﴫţҪ˲Ҫȥˣÿ˶Сҵ겻Щðˣ
һ˶һֻнСԶԶľǣӦԼһ˹꣬˵ܡ
С˵ֻһٷͿԣӦ־ÿ˹ŮŮôɫܷĴȥҪڼ
Ӧ񼸸ȴûнСҵǡ
ÿζҪСҵĶúܲ˼Ϊõĳõ͸Сҡ
˽ͷ񣬾ûţСյĶҲ١
һСӣ
еЦ⣬СҴź潫Ӵ򿪣һ澵ӣС𾪣ʱִͭˮӡ
𾪵ӣʧЦ˵ǱߵĲҿʣʹһ̵ˣ
ȷʵǱѾˮӣûеģȻӺС·Ͼܿ϶ֵơ
УҲôصĶСִ洦ɼˮӣûʲôǺܹصĶ£ѾҪ˰費ٶˡ
ûʲôصģգ°ɣ˵š
Ȼ˵ɣС֪ⶫ϶ûôܵõ֣׹ӻջȥɣһСӣҪǳʳ˹ŴҲҪгԻ
ʳѾ׼ˣģĿ
񣬽Сת
Сң
СʶлҪ˵ȿڣ׹ӣıѾˣȥãѲغõѾȥˣֻܸģ˵Ҫߡ
ס󣬡СңﲢΪ⣬Ϊ˾ƣ
СŴǲܸо⣬
СûҪ˼£СңҵͲףżѹ㣡
СҲĶ˶ǡǡ
Ҫܾ𣿡
СҶ۾еİ⣬Ҫɵû񣬺òײһԼϲĲģ
㡭û뵽˵һʱ䲻֪Ҫ˵ʲôֻһֱûƿ
СҴˣ϶뵽Լı׻ᱻܾ
ϲʲôģѾˣ
ϲСŬ䣬Ѿܳʱˣ䶼ģģϲģȱģ̫ˣҪоУ
ŵķ˵㣬Сҵ˼ûˣ𣬡Ҳкܶȱ㡣
СҺɵĿŰ衣
Ժҵȱ㣬ҪֱӽҾܾԽҿ𣿡дˣ˿ġ
СҪܾſڲ֪Ҫ˵ʲô
轫ܽ֡
Сض㣬нӴ
費֣ˣµڽСҵϣܽиӦ
ջȥСҿŰ裬ʲôգЯȴǲµģŻСȨŲ£˸˻ȥǰ費һʹͬˡ
ȡһѪϴЦ
СҵĴ۾ǺɣҪʲô
û˵ԼָˣһѪܽϣתͷŽСҡ
Сҵ֣СʶҪܣ·Ҫʲôõ顣
Сҽŵӣս֣ϴ˵ʱѪ棬˷Ӧ
СҸ֪ʲôʱܽ塣


443 ܽ
еۣһȡ˽СһѪ
ŽСҵѪ£ǿ嵱ͷ˷Ӧʼ΢΢⡣
СѾ˲ָʹĿܽ塣
漴ԭһֳ롣
ϵЦõ֤
ʲô
һԡĿŽСҡ
СҷӦԼֻڰУæסĵ𾪣ܽ˵Ѫ𣿻ǡֻаע˲ܴ򿪣
ϴţܽķӦĵ߸ۣҪҪô棬ŴϡĶУ
Сңֻע˲ܴ򿪣Ҷû壬ʹѪҲֻҪ΢ķӦԲһΪ͡
ʲôģСڵһңȫ֪˵ʲô
ȴ˿ڣ͡ٴ֡
ԼͺãСҽֳ轫ҩ˹ȥ
ܽ壬˼Ŀţǰ׼ģǵڶʮӴʼ߷ȥ֮ͱһ飬κ˶ûа취򿪣ֻ˷ܴ򿪣ôûܴ򿪣ҰæʱͻȻ˷ӦҾҾעˣѪ֮һΪõ֤
ǽأտʼ巴ӦʱСһΪԴԽȥˡ
Ȼֻз޲ܴ򿪣˵һ񡣡
ŰųĿ⣬СҵĻܣţ
ô˵ܽķӦõ֤ҪǸˣҾûܽ壬ҲҪ׷ˣĿŽСңһһ
ûܱ۷ôˣݣң
轫ܽ·ŻУѾôʱ䣬ȥһȣİңҪ޸ҵһ죡
СãȻĿŰ裬һκͰʱ͸о迡ޱȣ·ǻˣѾˣܽе鴦ľӣûŮӻ᲻ϲɣҲΪСҲԺԼԴС
ǶôˣһԭͲʱˣʱմûҪиݳ޵Ķ
˼ȥǾܾˣǸ
΢΢һ㶣ϲˣ
Сҡͷ
ϻЦݣң㲻ϲϱ˵ģ
С̧ͷѾʮ겻µСˡ
ܽͷҵϲң
ɫѾҪˣˣ㡣˵תߡ
Сҿе壬׷裡
ᣬӽ쿪ʼҲСˡ
Ű뿪Сҿϵܽ岻֪Ҫô졣
ӦΪǰһ۾ƵģɿŽСϵ壬һСңǡ
ǰ辭ϵģӦһ۾ϳˣǰģڽСҵ룬СһΪѣѵǲСĸ׹Ӵˣ
СҿӦϵ˼ͷͣˤˣԭ飡
Ӧϲţϸ۲죬Ȼˤˣһӡеӣǰ׹ӵ϶Ƿ뽪СҸոյı飬ʲôˡ
Сң㡭ӦϾðǸģе̫ˣ䵭ЩСﻹϲвģҪŮȥһ˼ңȴԺŮΪŮԴ׵³
轫˽Сң˼ԣӦԼ벻ףȥ½˵ˡ
½Ҳû취ˣһֱæСҸãͻ˹ŮҰзִ磬ǰͶЩ۵Сֱӽù
ССĽ屣㲻ͬҲܸ˼Ūˡ
ϲ֧㣬û˼϶Ǻӣھǣ϶Ҳڸѡ˼ңӦϰοСҡ
°ɣҪúÿһʱ䡣
ȥʱñſۼ⣬һ۾ͷְ岻ˣǴСҼǱߵķģɫ˲䲻ˣȥʣǲǸ˽СңѵСѾӦˣ
һԣģûش𣬵ҲĬˡ
㲻ǳһźÿѣ
־ȤͬԺһȫû⣬㲻һ֪Сҽŵ廹˻ȥ
һȥ˽СҼҵķ
;ĿŰ裬ӣҪҪȥ
üͷ΢壬ҡҡͷȻȥ


444 Ҳ
;һ룬С㱾ûŵ壬ŹȥҲֻܱܾ
һ·ɱСҵļǰȴסˡ
ϦѾȥˣǰĴŲ֪Ҫôȥš
ʱÿţӭӣүôôˣк棬ǰ裬үžˡ
ž˨ͨһ
СԳӭӡ
ү룡СЦŽӭݣϲαӣϲδԼĽҲǿԵģ׷ҲԼ飬׷㣬Ǿ˵㡣
г￴һ£ûзֽСҡ
СŵӲСģϵЦݣүҽɶ¶һΪģ
ŵϴƤЦⲻЦı飬ΪŭѾͷԣСҼôˣֱҪСЩףе
ӦϿҲǸģûôϲԹŮҲܺãСܸƷҲǶţֻǽˣķûһǵģŵҲѾô꣬ԺţŮӾͲùˣһǸģǾ͸ùˣ
ҲǸӦֹס̾ȥй
ϾҪʱˣСںԺжôɵüͷ
һ󺹣ϴˮ׼·
ˣС˸׾߳š
ҪͽСҵ˵ڽСû֮ǰȥſ档
С󲻷ĺһվڽС
ɶ¶С
ŵһֱڽСҵϴţɵÿ˽ȥΪСҵպˣŻᶥżѹ˵ʲô׵İɣ
Ӧ˶𣿡ʱžʹڵѪ
Сһ㶣ģ
Ŵҽ쿴ˣϲûƽʱ壬˵ˡ
Сü˶ע⵽壬ֻǶ̶̵İʱžˡʱ䣬˶Ҫ֪ˣʱ춼˵塣
ȷʵˡ
ͬˣ𾪵ĿŽСҡ
ûС
ŵ۾дڴûдӦ
СҵͷȷʵûдӦıס
ȻͬΪʲôҪ£Ҫ˵㵽ڶ֪ӵζʲô
˵˻úһ£
ϵЦ˲佩סˣúÿЩŮǿϵľǰԽСұ⣬СҺѻܾûͬ˵һѾǲˡ
ҲңԽСһֱģǼԽԽãСȥ˾٣ǵԺ˹ٽ˵ǽˣֻܿꡣ
СһֱŵСӣû¶
СҲ˵źߵĲУٴ˵һ飬裬ң
ûͬ˼Ƕ԰⣬һģҲϲ㣬֮κһҶͬ⣬ҪãһԸСҼᶨĿš
ΪʲôͲܿһңԿǰ裡Ŵʣڱãǲ֤ԺԼͲᳬ谡
ԣС֪Ҫô˵׷ԼӦ˵һ£ǱƤˣǱĸжˣ
СҽԼ廹˰壬ŵ˵ıƣǲǿÿ
Сҵͷûзϡ
ᱻŮҲͬᱻԺԴ֮ǰҲأŴĳ
Ҳ룡ִһһƣʹгˣгŮˣСҵֻܽһһƣݲκɳӡ
ҿԶ췢ģֻҪһҿ϶һӶһ˵ģԲ檣֪СԼ뷨Ӳں˵۹⣬ϲƣϲ棬һһӶڽСҵϣȥ˼Ůˣ
ŵĻʵҪСˣڹŴ˵檵ĻӲ࣬СڴƢᶨ뷨ŵ뷨Ǵﴫġ
ҪʲôҶ㣡ҵҪֳ϶ҪϼëƤż˵š
СΣţֻǸӣԺ϶ҵһʺˣ
뿪
СҿԶȥķʲôû˵
ŵӣپſ϶ܾˣϲǽСһܾľǰ裡


445 
СӽгȥŵıӰУүעⰲȫ³һҪͰԭҪֱӸ˵СûͬģǱ˰ʾɵ˹֮ٹҲϣûͬ裬ȥ˻ûء
ʲôûǷŭ
ڷڿкŲ裬ŵɫЦСûͬ⣿
΢΢һ㶣߬ȭͷ
³а𣿡
ŵǽСҿ˰ῼû˼ġ
ǰҸʶʱߵ˲ʮõģ۵ġڷһڿںŲ衣
û˵ʶҪڷҪ˵ġ
˰죬ڷȴû˵
Ϊʲôһ𣿡̲סʡ
Ϊʵġ
̲סüСѾ˵˰Լһֻһһ𣬽Сһǲͬ⣬ǻҪôźʣ
ǶСʲôڷѵ⡣
ŲģСϾҪʮˣôСӣ
ôżʲôڷ翴Сҿ϶ҪƵķ˵̻϶ˣǶˣҲޣСԺҪ;ǾҪС̳һѺֲС
ŷŭĿڷÿ첻ű飬ôͽСұӣӲҪǸҪ˿ӡ
Ҫͺص³һڷ粻õĿŵ̵ĶӣĴҲ񣿡
£ɷŭĲУϵľƺԼһƺȣҾǻյһϤζǽСҵľƣ
Ժ˵ŵɤڵ֣κδ̼ԵĶԺɤӰ졣
˵һԺкôڷȰ˵ѾͬźͽСҵ飬ֻҪýСҵķģһжˡ
СΪ뿪ˣÿӦϺ½˱ָҪ׼ʲô
Сʱ˺ܶණ֪Ǽůʲô˶ܳԣЩǵĲһ˺ܶʵĲˡ
Сҿŵ飬ɵ̾
ʲôû˵ȥͺͽС˵ͽС󽫹ϵԺ׷СҾ͸ӷˣҽС϶վߡ
СŸϲˣܾȴûзѡػصķʽǸģô϶Ҹģ̫Ҳãã
ܿžͷֽС̬˲٣ʽС벻뿴飬Ҫʲôӵľ˵ܰæ
ֱֺõĸоãС˵ĲУ˵ʱŴҪһҪ꿼ţƷӽŵʱɱȽ̸ʱ仹أ
˵ܵܵĹһ˲ġ
ӦϽõζСĸŲ١
СѾǲСˣʱʱĹͶ˲ɵӣʲô˼ʼۣе˵СҪȥ˼ˣǽһ½ңһǹټңһạ̊́ĵλͣǰзİţֻˣܴ￴Ǻ⣡
үæŸϱٶԽС뷨㻹ľֻܿˣ
һԲͻȻվߡ
Ҫȥɶү
ؾֱ鷿
̫̫źصֻۣε̾
ѾӦ˺öӣҪ˹ȥæ˵ͣҲæ½ϵİ취ˣСڳ˺֣ﻹạ̊́ǰûλʱͲͬ£ڵλˣ͸ͬˣȥף׼ᱻ
ϦܿˣǸ꣬ǰ˽˲Ǯе˼θ˲٣һƬЦ
ӦһӦϾͿʼ׼ƣǲ˼ҵĶûС
˼ȥӦϹķ˺ӣһ۾ۣû뵽ʮʹͬˣʱһ˹ŮһСӡ
Ӧϸ˷һҪСͳʯүҪСҽгСλˣͽС˵˵
СȥнСҡ
ЦŽĽСҽϵӸ˽СңŮˮ飬һҪϲ
СҴˣӣ׼ģЦŵл
һֱעضԽСʵôʱ䣬Ǵڶɢģû˷һѪ
£˿ӣ̾ôĹŮߣ


446 СҲ
СȻʵʵһϣ۾ǺĿŽСңСҷֽСߣ΢΢һЦתͷԸĵ
ͷӦ϶᲻öԵĵ
꽪СʮУĳԵ壬ʱ˺ִܽĶ˵㣬û뵽ͦɹģļӶųԣʣû١
С㿴ǵûʲôϡģһҧһڣҧȥж˳һַ棬Ū·
æӸ˽С㣬˺ͽ
СǺû뵽С
ˣ˵˲ͲÿˣӦϰæԲҸտʼԵʱҲǲ֪ŪȫǣѾͷƽʱûµʱͺϹоĻͦóԵģҲ
˺ССڵĳһƤͣڼζŨ׷׿޽Сɡ
һ߰æ˵˵ĶǳģӦǫ˵
ԽСԽϲǿŵ׵ĳ嶯Ȼ½̵ģǽСǹų͢٣˵ںܵûϲԺ϶йǰ;
ʵ̲סͰʾ˵һ¡
Ӧܲ˼ʯҵĲҵȻȲϰ׼ңʯŹģԺǰ;϶Ҳ
Ӧڶҵʱ˾ĲУʱͲн׵˼컹ֱӽӴˣ˼ˣֻǶӳеȣڣأӦȻϣЦǺǵĽ⳶Զˡ
һ˽̸Ӧϵ죬ô˵Լôˣһ֪ı˴ƫˣͬʱӦʯҪӦϽ׵϶ˡ
ûʲôģӦϾҪСҴŽСȥ¥棬Сߣ˼˵˵
һٷˣֻǱƽҪһ㣬Ҫ׵һչûС
Ҫ뿪ʱʯүԹӦǰӦ
ʯүӦĽСϣСʼնûһֻۣʧ뿪
صʯүҪȥӦף󽪷˰æ˲дǣǸӲͬ⣬ӦϸûҪ׵˼첻һչûУȻǰûʱΪǸûʲôʶһŷǸˣ϶˵˼
УֻܴӦʱȥʣܲС
˽˵Ķ˵ˣ󽪷һҪ˵Ӧϡ
СҴӦǮҵ룬˵ԪڵʱһȥسпƣûԪڣֲˣһλء
ӦŽСΪˣ۵ĲУôʱҩˣôã
пɣȥ˴󲡾Ͳˣ½˵ţҪȥȥسõĴ
Сܵûκ˼ֻڡ
½ܿͽдˣȻƽСԣҩã½ֱȥسǡ
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ӦеĴʯͷˣ۵ıԹСңϹڣںˣˣúڼŰɣȥ涼ܳȥˡ
ǵļﶼ˵óԣͷ趼СζǻûţСҵֲסСĿ֣Ŷ㣬û뵽ڳУһͶˡ
֪˽СҪȥ￴ƣľţǿźͽСҹϵĶˣûСҵӰ
ӣСĻûأ;Ű衣
赣ĵֱ뿪Ҫ;ҪţСҿ϶ˣ϶ˬԼ
;ں׷ϣӣ·߰
Ѿȥܳһξˡ
ҲֻƵʱӰٶȣתС·
ֻнСһˣӦϺη˼˾ۻˣ½ھ¥æСųȥϣҪõĻӮСҿ
š
ϲĽ棬С㣡׹ˣ׹ʱϹ϶С㲡ˣأ
СأҪ׹ӽͷϵ·´
Ѿʹ˽Сԭ򣬽üֱӾΪܵģ
ͳѵ⣬Сһ
СҵķӦ費ԾĽֻǹˣͺˣҪôõĶˣ
װǵģСͻȻЦһӻͦÿġ
û¡СҺĻû˵һԡ
ҪַСңȹŽС£ｪСҵˮ


447 
дù
迴ŽСҿԵˣۣþͻһУ
ѾöˣԵҩҪˣС˵꣬Ҫ
üеĵģԭ򣿡
ﺢӶԣʣôˣ׹ӲҪĺáСЦŽ͡
ԭȥ棬سеĻأ㿴ڡ賢һڣͽС˵š
С΢ûп
㻹벻ȥͻȻʡ
Сҡͷڶǿžûоȥȥˣܺ
ͷҪȥֽʣľǻƻһԷŵƣżȻֻϰ˵ʲô
СҵͷҪȥ׼ҪĶ
ֽţС۲죬ŽôʱѾܿŵˣȻĻ򵥣ǸӲա
滭;УŤͷöϽСӣҺȥǮһδ󳱰ɡ
ô˵СҲɵǸ棬Զ۲ĸоȴᣬһ˫ӥ˸⣬Ҫĥ͸
Сҳ񣬰ΪǽСһڵ˵ȴɱһ£οǮһѾΰ㲻õġ
Сһ񣬵ͷҿʱûʱɡ
˵ʱͻȻһСͳٳţ㣡ҸӮģ˵ǽС
ٵѵÿЦݣȻͽСڷʱɫܵˮ
Сһʱ˶ϵĻͣڿУ׹ôôˣ˵ſܣʹڣŷˡ
˵岻ʣЦŽ͡
СְǰĻ⣬ÿѽҰɣµһǽ⻭˿˵ᱻ˵ôĻأ
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ǿɲУʲôǵһÿС˵
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˿϶ѲӦŽСڼ϶ĽСҡ
Ȼ½ӦϸϻˣЦ˵̽ģ˵µʶһУҽ˵ãҪ
СѾˣԾһֱãӦ˵Ǹҽ˵õģͬ
Ҫ鷳׹ˣѾǰ˲ˡСҿӦϡ
Ӧ֪СԼ뷨ֻҪ費Ҫ鷳ˣ迴СҼֻ֣ܵ뿪
½Ӧ϶ðĵģ˵СôԶϹ
С󽫻ЦûС
ٽеĻƸ˽Сң㣡
轫СͳٴĶУǶҪڵĺ
˯ʱ򣬳ٺͽСҪǻң
Ҫ𣿡
ң
СѾϰ˳ҺͰ׹ҪģҡȻñҸߴ󣬵ʵϱһҪСžõ֤㲻ϲСģİɣѾһˣ˼ҲȢҽ㡣
ٲ˵
СһϳɵӣȰ˵٣ڻСأҽж;úҽף㳤֮ˣϲǲһġ
˵ʱ½ù٣
͵۾Ťͷ½
½ȥȰ˵ٷִ
ӦҵģٰԹ˵
½ȻʱȰ˵٣Ҫٺúѧϰմ״ԪͿӭȢСңǡ
٣֪ŬСҡСҵ˽ģǿҪϲ飬ܲϲˣǵĹϵҪ˰
ٵɫԽԽѿ½Ȱ˵ĹϵٵģǷ޻зĿɳĿܣǽܹϵԶѣ˭λã
һ㶼ΪСҵĵܵܣСֻһ˵Ůˣ
½һֱں˵һˣûѪԵϵҲ׽ܡ
ٴסеǲ˵
½˵Ͷˣһ٣
ҲĺӣǲǾȢ
½һ㶣ųеļᶨˣˣ
شң
ǲǼǵǰ£ôС޷ǾСǾˣܻصĸߣǿҲܻһ㣬кô
ݣǲǾȢ
ǣ
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448 Ļ
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449 Ļ
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450 ͽС
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452 ү
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453 ͽ
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Сһ죬Цˡ
ϳԷʱүͻȻڣѾͷϲĺܣϧ̫࣬ҲܺһݣҸɹŮɣ
С𾪵Ŀүӡ
̫̫үӣͷӣȵƾͲ֪˵ʲôˣСңķˣ˵˵
ûк˵˵ҡүӲĽͣû˵꣬Ͼͱݺݵšһӡ
ĻﲻסˣЦҸоүү˵ĲȻ˵ĵһϸ常Ҳǲģ
ԣ費õĿĻ
ľҲЦˡ
СҪȥϢʱүӻǲģһǵһôͶˣû뵽ǸСŮ޶˾ͺˣ
ĻЦûͣСͻȥ֮ԺгЦЦүүΪ˽С常ǾͲˣ
ûˣü
ǲǣҪЦˣĻǲͣˣ˲ˣϢҽЦû򲻹㡣Ц뿪ˡ
;̲סۣүҲ̫˵ҲĽ鰡ӱүһҪЦӶ೤ʱأ
СһصҲЦˡ
ʹź£С˯ɣҺëһҹ
⻰ҪСϵŮˣ֪ˡǾͻؼң
ͷѸٵĽʰá
֪Си򲻴ģǴͽûйСһ˯
ڶСҴã͹ˣ
迴ŽСҵװ磬дЦ⣬
СͻȻͶˣͻȻ·ԭǺԼ˵ĻйϵҪͰ˵Ҫ˵ģ컹ûſͿˣ߰ɣȥԷϾͳ


454 ͵͵³
үӺ᲻ýС뿪СҾҪʱ˿ȥ棬Ǳ߼ҼҶơ
ůˣԴ游ȥ˵
үӿԼģԼСϳŮĿ۽СңҪ·Сġ
һ·ͽСҵҡ
ӦϿŮˣ飬ѯʹŮûб۸
İɣ⼸춼ںү۾ơСҰοӦϡ
迪ڣ˵һи̿ͣܺã
Ӧϵˣôд̿ͣûˣ˵ֽСϸϸµļһ顣
û˵ôأëأҿ϶¡
ӦϲŲŽС˵ģһҪô£ܣö˶˵˼ҸҪȥ㣡ô£ôΣգ
׹ѾȥˣֻǸСͽҪǮɣС˵Ƶᡣ
˵ë˵Ǵ̿ǸŮģ
ӦˣͥòߵﶼŮǵϲѾҪȥˣеĺӲֹһǼĸȥǸദģǶʲô˭֪
һôһˣҪĸĺ;˺ü£ڻи³ҴСأԷǰ費ޣ
˼ҳܳ檵Ķƽ£׹Ӿ㱾⣬Ҳл۵һҪأӦϲıԹ
½ӦϵıԹȷʵļͥ檣ĿȾ˵ҲᣬڷԴɥ֮ûȢҲҪڷӰ죬һŮ˵һֻҪŮһأȻԺ˭Ҳ˵׼ŸӺһ㡣
ܿ͵һֵĴԡ
³ʱҽС󣬽Сˣĳд
Է˴죬Ų뿪³ҪȥǲС
С֪ŰԽСĵģźܶ࣬һҪúŬȡſ׻
ŵͷ˿Сң뿴СҵģȥͽСȥ˾ǣһ߾Ǻü£ܳʱҲһΡ
һӦСҲμӣ㿼ҲȥϤһ£ҲҪù
ÿһҪĶӸУӦû˻̣ƼǼҵ¾һһĳ̻½ҵͷϣƼӲҰæˣԺҲˣֻܸУֻдŹһӣ
Ӧ϶ҲͬӦС³ǰӴãӦСȥ˿
Сų٣˵Ҫȥسǵľ¥ȥ棬Ǳʶ˼ġ
ҲСˣҲǳٵĶ֣ӦֱӾͬˡ
ȥԺʱñ迴ˣǲڼңԺʲô
Сһû뵽ûʼͱץסˡ
ǾǺС˵
迴Ӿ֪ҪʲôʲôӼģ
⡭˵¥ģС󿴰迴ˣֱ˵ʵˣûھ¥е֪ˣģȥ͵˵˿϶ʹˡ
迴ŽСͽСƵε̾˵ҼˣϽȥɣ
Сͷлˣ˵ڰߣǰ϶ȥҽ˵ҲͲᱻ﷢ˡ
һֱǴӹԺгӦϼҡ
ӦΪСͳȥæˣһҲû쳣
˵ҪСҵ٣Сһ꣬ޡ
СҿŰӣ̾˿裬㲻Ϊҵһ仰͸ıԼ
û˵ĿŽСҡ
Ϊҵһ仰͸ıԼҪеܳҲϲĸо
Ըġ
СҿϺǰȻͬķ񣬡Լϲģ˵ϲʲôͱʲôӣҿܾͻıϲˣ
۾д⣬˼ϲඣ
С͵ʶԼ˵ʲôҡͷûУʲôû˵
ûУҿˣЦҪСҵ֡
С㣡ϲūͰ׹Ӷˣ
費Ȼջ֣дſϧԭΪҪȥû뵽ֱվ˽СҵƫƫСһûܸܵľԹԵĺͰ˵ŻȿʼץӷΣСĲ˼ֻܷԸĺ
С˵Ҫȥ裬ͳȥسǣӦϻûֶܷߡ
֮Ҫȥˣ˳Ŀ˸ǣΪͯȥμԺʿˡ
Сų٣㻹Ҫ𣿡ȻʮˣʮҲлùģŲôܿϵģҽСҪμӵǽ١


455 Ű
ȴһ˼Ҫš
Сһߣ˵ô˳ΪأһҪúдҪдô壡
߰ɣǰߡ
С󲻷׷ȥҪڳٵǰ档
Ժʿ֮˸Ͻؼҡ
½Ѿ˶ߣȥ˾¥ֽСͳȫûȥ¥ȥСˣ˼Ҹûˣһ˵СҾ˹ģаæΣ϶ȥ³ˡ
Ӧſڵˣǻͺһ
Сǽһ£漴ϴƤЦЦݣٺ٣
ЦӦûѵ⡣
СװӣֱվӦϵǰ
ҲѧŽСӣվ˿Ӧϡ
ӦϴˣͿʼѵˣôĵӣƽʱ򲻹ǣھȻȥиڣ˵ڿ˲ͣ
ûڣڶͯˣ˰СӦϵѵһ㶼£ЦıϢ
ӦһŵĿŽС󣬡ģ
ģͯûôȥμԺʿȻܿţһ콫ڱҵͷأͯƾʵѧ
Ӧѵ˵Ӵż͸ȥ³ֿ˻ʮͯ˰ҲһˣѲĻС˵һϵڱŶܿ
˵ˣҪ˽Եдôشģ˵:ǵĴ𰸴˵ǲģҪе㲻̫ܡ
˵֪ʶǴӽСңӻѧеķӿѧģûϵͳѧ
ûϣܿţͯ˾ͺĽˣСûôҰġ
Ȼû˵˺֪ܿ˳ٺͽСͯ
ֿʼˣǽСʮ꣬϶ǼúˣԼ͵͵ȥģһʮƨıСܿͯ
ܶຮȴû³ѧӶܲǽСĸƨǶ˵ĸСлСվм䣬Сϴ󣬵ĲС
ܿͷŰˣͨ
ǵɴ۾Сͳ˭ţС̶ʱڳ˰Ѿ𾪵ˣ֪ǸһһƷѧϰĻõ㣬ɽСôƤģûúѧôܻῼţ
̲סľʣǽСͳĸţ
ҡͷǣǺҵĺأ
һƬ֮ȻǺأǺزȥϷô³
֪Ҳûжôġ
үͺ̫̫ȫڹΪǳˣ֪ȥ³ˣȻŵĹǰҪͺҪһھȻţǺҵķչָտɴ˰
һƬϲΨزġ
Ŀˣһ³ǿףõһֱҪĶҽСңģ
СҿŵݹĺӣɵĿʲô
ǻ˰ģҲܾܾҵģŰｪСҽӴ򿪡
СҴһϳ϶Դʦ֣֮һ¶ˮô
ſСҪڣ֪Ҫֻܾ£֪ھҪ󻹺Զһ͵ģٵȵȡȵңҲģ
УҲôصĶСҽ·˺
ûʲôزصģҿ׵Ľã»һң
˿ףСȻҪ׼񣬡϶Ҫ׼ģ⻭Ĳգ
ϲĻǾֱ˰ɣŲõĿ
ţ
ǮĶ°ɣ
СŵƢ£ָҪŭ뿪ˣֻܲԸ£ûҪҸ׼ʲô
Ҳ׼һҪСֻġ
С⼸ϾҪˣβ͸š
űĲУСͳٲμӿˣ˵Ѿͯˣǿܸܿˣ
ǾʺֵģҪûʵĻǲеģСͽСһСΪԲͷԺãûнСôȣȻûв񵽲ܽܵĵزǽСҲϣС̫ˣԺԵγɲá
ŵͷŽСҸϲˣСҺСʶôҲ÷һҪСȢؼңҪСĶģ
Ӧڷ԰ļ꣬Ǹ־ᶨģŵ̬˲١


456 
ſӦϵı仯мҲûкͽС˵飬˷ȥҽС棬湻˾͵뿪
Ƿ׷ӦϼңǽСǲǸǣֻҪͽСҺõģŮ˸˼ңСӾ͸˵ˣ½ǰСҾ˾ͺӦϼҹϵܺãڽӦȢؼң˸Сӣľ¥ջһһҲв١
СǽСҵĸ磬СҪСȥѧã㶹ǮСѧ̶̵ʱｪСͳ˰ۣںԺ١
СͳǽСҵĵܵܣСС;ͳΪͯܶ˶Ȳϡ
Ž꾹Ȼ˿ס
ǺأĲϲ飬ҲŵĹ
СȢؼأǸǳ˲ġ
ǵۣӿŽСҺˡ
˽С˵ĲУ˵СҾǸǽ֪˸ʿ˵иˣֻҪͦ٣ԺǸ˭ǹ˺˭մ⡣
½СͽС󣬳ٶǽСҵļˣӦֻǺõģǴ˽СһģÿһˣƲ֮ԽԽýСҾǵʿеĹˡ
ÿ鼤ĲУԽ˵Խģϻʱʱĸ˵䣬;С彫СȢţСڹٳϰæԺͷˡ
ạ̊́Ȼ½ҵģ½ƼӭȢţŵʱ򻹴ôļױ½һҪüټҲأǸģ϶Լ׽ӽСȢţǾ׼ˣʱ϶Լң
ӦСֻͯԺԶûȥ׶С϶æҪƴҲæָһ£˵ֱӾ״Ԫˡ
ֱҵϣҪȥæ˵ϼ׵飬տʼ˵ԼĶӺã˵СҺõͬʱͰʾСҵˣԺҸ˼ҽžҪڸģǰӦǾ̣½ˣС˵ٵģϾ͸ϼˣһ߻´Ƽǡ
СǴƼСŵģ˵ģƾ϶ǺõģСҵʱС˵СҲõľȥæԱûŵĲУԺˣϿ϶ã
ϾΪŮССݺ۽СңҲΪ˲ҪŮȢԼңһӲ˸ܣƫƫӦСŪˣ˵ǰ˶ģھ˲ͬˣϵʱ֪ϵ˼;ˣ˼
Һ˵˶ٱˣôģʲôأ
ô˵ңôֳˣһǿСҺãǼСҲԺСǰ;Ҳˣǿ϶ˣ÷֪ڲش󷿣ԴССӣ϶뽫Ҳģʱ϶Сҡ
ϺݺݵĿĹ죬˭ҪƴƼңҪƼǼҷĿɳȥ˵ȥ˵ҿɶã
ϸϣǲǺ´ƼƲǣǵĻ̲Ÿձģǡ
û˵꣬Ӧ϶˽ˣܿܵˣ
ϵͷݺݵصһۣƣ϶ӣ飬ɲҪ飡
Ͻ죬ɫ࣬һ˼ƫŮȥˣŮǺõģ֮ǰҪССȥǱ飬Ϊõ𣿲ԼĹŮõھȻԼӡ
Ӧ϶ͺ˵ӦҪ飬λͲˣҴȥϷȥ棬Ҫʹ档
һҪȥϷ˲˵ɶ㾹ȻҪȥϷ𣿾ҪȥϷˣô˭ܣź㶼Ҫ𣿣ӦϴȥϷ檣ϺҲ㽫һѸȢţӦȻϲ˵ָʲôƨӦ϶ȥˣ᲻ҲҪ檣
Ӧ϶˲ҽлɶȥô꣬ϱӣúõģҺڼչ˵úӣȻĻҾҸ㣡
ڵôҸӣźĵĺˣǱ𣿣ѽҪȥЩ޼
סڣûһƲ飬͸Ҵ´УŲھ͸飿
ϱѾüûоһˣôһӣȥѾ˵ˣҪԼȥϷһֱϵ˽ꡣ


457 ϵĳ
ΪŻæ˵ϣһֱ࿴ҲæԭٵĿһ£ô
ôڣӦ϶Ѿ¶˾ģһҪȥϷ
ãӦʹһǺ;ƻˣ½õϢҲͷȥӡ
Ͽʱ䲻ݺӣǼһᣬۿдתˣóȥ
ӦϱӣֽӦ϶½к֮æж
½ҪȥԷûԶ͵ˣȥԷɣö׼÷ˣ
УǽȥƼңӦ˵ӦϺ½飬ǰ½Ϊ˴¾;Ǹõģü޸ҲǽӺǧ򱶡
Ӧôʱû磬ϱܵӣﲻζҪ˺ܶòд
Ӧ϶˵ҪȥϷ¶ҪڼտƽʱæʱҪӦϺ½æ
ӦֱӴӦ׼ҪϷ೤ʱ䣬ɩͬҿɲӦˣӦƲ죬ӣ֪Ӧ϶ҪȥϷַ죿
Ӧ϶ŭһ黹ֲһ죡
ԷʱӦ˵СˣǸ̥һʱģʱæ˻û۾żˣ
Ǹĺ£˶ΪӦϴˣӦ˵ҲǺ£ϣҲûôˡ
ϵĵĿӦǼҺòԲҪɩ֪С̥϶Ҫ֣öȥϷҪȥϷɩҪ϶ˡ
ϢȻ
Ӧ϶ͣ£ٲʶôȥϷھͿȢСĻ
ϲΪ⣬˵Сˣ̥ڹŮӶˣĿ϶ȫСˣɩڣǱߵС檲ǵ𣿣µŮӣ˵ýŲմأæ׼أ
Ϣ׺䶥ӦϴȻڷǸ˺ӣȴȸԼ˵ԼڱͱӣΪ˱ǼֵĺӣӶ˲Ҫ¶˵
ӦϴϷʶʲô˶У˼ǰ˲٣ϱʲôˣռŴƽҵĺûԹޣӣ̻ˣһûϢһ˼ĶƣСۻеʱϢֱ֮ҪŶ
ӦǰҲĽʱЩֲĹŮѾʮˣھȻôСĵܵãԺļҲҪָܵˣһ˼СԼ
Сÿ춼ڳķӣŬҪ϶ӣӦҲȥ檣ϾԼֻŮûжӣͻΪҪ檵һܺõɡ
ֶһӺŮϸ˵ĲУ׼˺öණҪӦ϶ȥϷӦϴ
Ӧ϶ʰϸͺ顣
ôڣҪȥϷ
ϷŭĲУֱҪӺͽСҳףӦ϶ȥϷͱ뽫ˣ
Ӧ϶ɲģܻ־ҪƢǼֵõһǸƺ«ϴԸȣļƢնղסӦϺ涨˼ﲻܶŮ˶֣ͱˡ
ϿӦ϶ӣȥӦС˵Ӧ϶ˣҪ㿷֮ޡ
ӦСտʼʱ˵ֱӱֵķˣȥҲΪǵļһֱڼɣҪ󲮺汼ľȷģûţҪ㿷֮ˣе𣿣
ôڶΪ˭Ϊ㻹˵Ĺ֣ϲվջ˵ڶӵĻھҪˡ
ӦСһߣ˵ĶǶԵģҲϲãͷԴôͺͰ׹ӻүǾ䣬˵Ժ󻹻иõĳ֣ϵڱҵҵͷȢˣҲǱ¼ˣ϶ҪԼϲҲϲԼ˼ް
ӦС԰Ϊϲ棬Ը䵭ЩǶ˶ܺãúͰһһɫ÷ˣ
Ӷĵ㻹ƣҿ⼸ʮǰ׻ˡӦ϶ϾһͿʼӦС壬úѧʣƽʱӦϺӦϽѧƣֵѹǸˣӦðżֵѹʵڲƣǾӦðæ⣬ԺչԽԽã㲻ǸûϢġ


458 ޸
İɣһүүĻӦСͷ絷⡣
ӺܵĺϣӦСԽԽҪʡģӦ϶ȥϷǱȽϷĵģʱȥϷ
ϻڣ޼£ҪСҽҲûʵ֣Ӧ϶һ磬ӦС廹Ӧ϶˵ǶԵģԼ䲻ϽСңķζҪըˣ
׼ȥӦϼס
ؾüȻ뷨Ϳ϶ҪܽСҴӦӦҪ֪ϲСҵĲֹһҪػСҡ
˵СҵûģرĻ˵СǸǣӦȴûô򵥣ܺ»¡
ֱӴƸףķţֱӽ˴ȥعȻܾˣǶ뵽ڸ䲻ӦϼңȻҲŹȲϰ裬ҲȲү˼үǸأ
ȥ֮ԲӽСˡ
Ҳ˰ĶӦңûô򵥣
СҲϡ棬Ҫ˭ģȻи˿ɶǽֱˡ
ѾȥˣڻûϢڽСҳ˼ʱҲڹԼһ
ĿСң޸Ұɣ
ҡһûҪھ͸һԺڡôͻȻ͡СҲ֪롣
Ҫĸޱȵģ֪ܸܲ
֮ǰǸͽãϵʱ䣬ûɱ⣬п϶Ҳûɶ⣬ҪʲôӣɰҸȥңò͵͵ȥ
ңҿ϶Ṽ㣡˵š
СҿǰȻͬװ硣Ȼı˲٣ɷ棬ܿ϶Ǩֻʱģʱ䳤ˣǨ;ͻᵴȻ޴棡
裬ǸиˣҲȷвеʱǾԲġ
ĴԲйذɣС͵̧ͷ׼ҹϵ۸ӣĸҪ϶ܸߣȻڸʮܺãȥ׼ĸǲܵģѵ֮ǰǰΪƣ
ЦҾûκܸı䣬Ҳں˶ĿĺֻҪһ֪͹ˡ
԰ĻСҲ֪Ҫôش
޸Ұɣ˵һ飬ҪҪĸ飬һᣬһһ֤ҲṼ㣡
СС¹ײ޴롣
СңźشƸţû취ܣһ̶ȲˣסСҵ֣Ŀ
СҶ˫ĸо鲼ȫҡ
Ѿˣһֱڵȣ㳤˿Լ޸ҵһ죬ۼʩѹҶͦˣѾûʱٵȥˣ
Сһҵ֣Ļûãٸһʱ䣡
ŽСɬӣЦ׹ôһˣǸŮ˶ᶯĵģСֲʯͷģ϶ҲᶯģСҪӦˣ
迴СΪѵӣˣǿҪСٿ죬һһҪСҸ
Сһ飬֪ĺãôǲİԼԼҵһ飬ԭᶨҲ̮ͬΪ̫ˣϲŮʤûսʤЩŮˣסˣʼԱˣ䲻ˡ
Ժ󣬽СҾҪú̸̸ȴʼûмӰ
СȻɻ󣬵־ðôæˣ˵ֳȥ̸ˡ
СҸƿţŵŨصѪζѪζ
СţͷĴһˣѪ˳˵ָһֱڵϣѾγһС̲Ѫ
˳ָȥСҷǸ˾ȻǷ
Ѫɫ˫ۣʧȥʶˡ
Сҽǰ鿴ϵѪѾɺˡ
кܶ൶ˣȻ˿ڲ󣬵ǺѪӿţѪҪ˿ţ̲סս
ܴɱȴĸ֣ĻôôصˣΪʲôķ
С̽Ľ̽Եػ˻塣
ԭΪûʶϵȴ˫ۣմȾѪ次
СҺʱԺкܶ⣬úھǴţôΪʲô˻ԼĴϣ
ҪЩʳڵʱ򣬴ϵ˽ֱ˫ۣҲвˣС׷أѪȥ˿¾ûˣʱ׷϶̣صĻɱ


459 ˵ķ
СҾĿŴϵˣ֪ӦӦþһڶʱѾݣǳϴεľ֮˵һĺģ˵ͷĿܾȻǲȶ鷳
˶ĴϣܲԹ۽ӳȥµʱԼһҾҪ֮ˣ
˼ȥСһǾˣ
شȴǴС㣡ˣҪʲôū˵ɣ
費ڼңֲø˵üû£ʲôҪȻ費ڼҾˣ
ŷĿڴ˿ڻѪ˿֮Ҫˣϰ
ѾѪʪûĵطŷϴĺɫҹ£Ȼǳɱ˵ġ
·ȷ˿ڽСǰʱŸо˿־壬Ҫǿȥݵȴʮֳأû취ᶯ壬һЩѾѪ˿ٴοʼѪСҿ˿Ѿдĺۼֲִڵİæһҩ
ʱ֮󣬽СϺҩ˿ڣعһѾѪ·ҲС
СüŷµĴⴲǳ׵ķˣеĶҪ΢Ųһ壬ȴû취׽ƶ
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ŽСң֮Ȼ
СҷǵûһһٴԼ̫·ڰˣΪʲôҼң
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СǾһž欵ЦʱаȣʮΣգԶúã
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СȻǸģվǸŮӣĸߴ⣬ȻݵǲݺӵģСصȥ
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Сһһʱ䣬ţҪ׼һѣ˳ʳ
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460 С
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462 
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463 żС
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464 
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СҪ·æס˵Сλӳȥ·һˣ¥ȥЪϢɣЩͺˡ
˵Сǲ˯ȥɣС˫Ϫ⣬ĺʱ򡣡
ҲԼС㾲ģϾСպȥ׹ӣ˵ҲͶˣ˭֪һС㣬ֱӾһסԺйŮģʲôõ˼׹ҲǸ˾ӣ˭֪ԼϹۡ
Сҷ̾ϢôһĶԼȥ¥ϣ
¥ϲûЦƴס󾲾ŵŽСԼ
ˣ¥ȥҪĶɣ¥ҲտСԼ䣬򲻾Ͳˣҷ϶ҲôƼ
ǡת¥ȴôҲûҵСƽʱõĶֻ˵С㣬ûҵ
Сҵһ˰ˣǸǻǻ㲻ҲҶԼʲôҲ֪ûԷ
С룬ôȲ裬ϼСĺһȣԼ¥ˡ
ʹЩɻСôճԵôࣿ
ڷſڣСҴӴнӹôȥ
СҰѶŵ̴ľϣվڿһ˵ܣ˵ɣûˡ
Ȼֻá֨ѽһӲ
СûнתƵϣֻǴĿǰİֽһʼҪĸоҲʧһЩ
ܹЩʹġ
Сҵ߶ûзԼϣϵıӵİԹˣյСҵߣӺܲĹ๾
Сִʵֶ˶٣ĵת˷Ķϣ˳ſţһֱ䵽˷ϣüôԣ
죬ίӣιҡ
СҼƤһأתͷ߼̶ڰɫֽϣִửԼ
Ҳûװȥһӳ˽СҵߣСҸոմСʳԼĻһ߿ŽСһ߳š
ɫǰĳʳҲͳˣȲ趼˼ΡСҲͣ˱ʣԼĳƷ⣬ҪнɣתȴſĿƿķԹί
ʱ©һģסˡ
ŽСĳһǣ⽪СҿԼӵķӦ
СҲ˳ǣعתͷȴˣǿ򶨵ԼԼ˱裬ﰵ˾䡰
ĳŽСҺȲ裬еЦˣԇNɪõģҸոպȲõıӡ
СҺȲĶһ٣Ĳˮ³ҲǣҲǡɫ˽ɫ

ĳЦһһģСתͷײֵ˫
СҰϣЩǷϡ
˽Сҵ°ͣüĿе󣺡ҵСҺˣ
СתͷԼ°ʹӷƿתһ˫ÿ˫йŵķŭҪǲʵʹҼҳȥ
üȴûаļţǹ޵Ц⣬ôֱֱĿŽСҡ
СҸоԼһȭ޻ϣԼڷоǸСһ㣬ҧСҲ㷹ԣ
ʱţһѼССķڷϣһž͸о֮Щԣæ¾Ҫߡ
վס
ĽŲҪߵſڵʱ򣬽СҾֱӿڽסˡ
ĽŲһ٣ʱоԼб󷽣Ǳߴ˿˿⡣
Ժ׼ʳ׼ô࣬ҳԲˣĳҲóԶû
貱һæӦţūˡ˵æ뿪˵Ӧ˽СңﻹǾʳȻԷԸ񣬿϶ὫԼӵĳʳߵģʱԼӾûĳˡ
ò˵ĻǶԵģ
ոճ˺ܶĳʳһ㶼ҲûиСʳ뷨СĽѼԼǰŻȥմԵĽζȫûнзԵ뷨
ֻǣվǸ߹Լˣõķ˳٣һ˳Զࡣ
Ͼ̫࣬Ӧϻ裬ΪʲôСҵʳˣֻӦ䡣
Сʣ˴ѣСһۣСҹԼСӿҪˣȥ˲ǰ´ԼСţ롣
ŽСɫЩףЩģ˽СôˣСֻҡͷҲ˵ߵķΪССӿ쵽ˡ


466 Ҫٳɫ
ڶѹʱ򣬽СҵСˣɫȴǱøӲ԰ˡСһѲѪĳʳȴǴ඼˷ĶСҲû˵ʲôˣҲȷʵҪԼҲûθڳԶҲֻԼڡ
üôڻǿι˽СһЩС۵úܣҲøƽϣÿֻϻ壬顣
һ죬СҲźܵ㣬ɫҲ֮ǰҪ࣬¥һҩýСҺȡ
СζǾʳǣúܺúȣѯʵ裬һ֪Сҵ˼ŽСЦǷӷԸūģū֮ǰżƳۣǹ͢طרŮСӲģֻūûзӼԺãֱס˼ζҪĲϡ
СҽתϣȴĿڴͷѾ˯ˡ
°εʱˣСվڶ¥Ĵڣһ۾Ϳ˰׼ҵʻüͷһ¡
˻ûãʲôһţСҾҪ¥ȥ˷Լ׼ҩ࣬ѾöˣɫҲûһʼʱô԰ˣȥǻһĽ˵ģ
ǼõģܽСĺСȴȻˣۼŽСҶʼſˣһֱӾͿס˽Сǰ·СӲˣ
Сǳ˳̧ǸҪԼͷҧгݵʵʲôʱߣ
ɫˣСѾͷȻҪԼߣʱɫѿ
СҼ˵¥£ѾˣӦϽӭҲøֱӾԽȥ߳ȥ
뵽ʲôȥֳ˻һ˦䣬ɫߵߣغԼΣ͵͵Ŀˡ
СѾ˰ǰ˴кЦģһĸоȴŵĲ԰ס
СһæкȥţģΨġӭ£ַԸȥСģ룬ҲȥһСյ滨˰Сϣüʰ裺ɫûأ
ҲЦûʲô󰭣Щ巳ˣöûˣ͹㡣
ʱ򣬴СĶ֮ǰСõģһֱڱţʱóñģǽ
賢һڣʱ͸оĸƢθˣգǺõû˵
СЦЦдȥԼķЩ컭Ļ
һеСģЩиڼң˲ٻɣ
СͷġһЩ´Ϫľ̹ʱ򣬸ŻһȥøϪϪ򶼿ʼˣҪġ
˽СҵĻһ⣬ôԼЩӻĻùˣֱһһ°ſԽҲǳԾ
ĶϪϵĸڵϪƯСҵĻϪȫͻԴ˼ɾļӸС
죬ŷеĻס˽Сҵ֣СңӦңҪٳɫˣҶҪץסˡ
СһҪԼ֣Ű⻰һ£ײ˰˫У̽εĶԼ顣
СһˣתͷԼȥȥ¾ƻûл֪;еȥˣСԺһ˶ûС
С˿ҪԼֳȴץĸˣŽСҵַԼؿϣСҡӦҵģҲһ㣬һ㡭
裡СҲȥˣ°˵ʲôԼĻæ˰裬ĸܵǿ
С㣬ºˡ
žƹСѸ赹ЩСǰֻһ㣺СڻܺȣֻܵһЩա
һ˲䣬ɿ˽СңСҲæĽԼֳϵĺȴôȥȥ
Լ˵ĻֻͷûзӦ
˵þƣվڽСҵˣСҲûǿ裬Լǰ滨һڣŰҲ˾ѣЦ֮ǰĽô
ͷ⻭ԽˣЩҶˣȥġٸͻ
Сü뵽ӻţֱӾ;ܾˣġҶѾҺˣʹȥȥɡ


467 ȥʹ
軹˵ʲôŽСüĿеļûǿҵҪ󣬰ˣСѾͷԼԼҲܲĺ⡣
ʱСߵǰȥͣСҵ֣û˿Сҵġ
СұŪ˸µĽԼֳתԸһԵĴȥԼСʳʲôùðߡ
һԵ;ЦۣǹﶮǼҹӣԹСʳˡϴιСȥĳʳС˺ü飬ɰѹӸۻˡ
Сˣ˳˲ת;һۡæСҽͣҶСûа˼ֻǰĸ׵ϲûаߡ
;֪Լ˵ˣͷ
ŰԽԽԶСŻ¥ϵķ䣬ôԼ˰ʻ˸ոհ£ͷ΢΢žѣһ棬΢ᴵ˵ķ˿
һͼ
һʣСҲ˿ĺһԼƷ
¥ӦϽгԷСҿۻȥˡ
ССӽ죬ʹּ⣬٣ýСҽ׾ơ
ŻģнСţ˵ΪʹʥΪά֮棬ԲŻü󹱾ƾƼһ빬ýСҰģûʲô顣
СüСԽô˵СұԽ﷢ţСһ﷢ŵĻӦϡһ˻ϵּýСҽʱһľ
զ죬ʹֵطˮĺܣȥô׾ܳϴβǸߵǸƱôҪСҲͽȥ
СӦϵתͷȥӦѾŵɫҰף΢΢Щǡ꽪Сͳݣ˵֪飬һۣҲĲ¡
СһӦɫæӦãӦϵ˱ˮģ粻Ҳˣ˵ûʲôģǹȥưˣҲںæǰȥİɡ
ӦϱСҰһ£ȴģҷ
һҲܿӦûȫķ£Ա߰ŽСȰӦϣû£ʱūЩҩùϳЩڰߣ㲻ʲôˡ
Ӧŷ½ҪŽСһǼЩ飬½ҲǷĲ£ʱЩΪѡСҿ½ΪѣҲ֪ôļҵԼˣ½ҪҲˣ⿿ӦϺͼСӣ׳⣬㿪½Ҫȥˡ
ӦϷԣСҰ
ϣϧ𣬽СҿˣһЩһֱæ£Լ߻һСء
ԼСϷʵĿ⣬ţͷԶЩ
СЦʲôֲǲ֪һˡ
˫ԼһǣŤС㡭Ȥҡ
Сұ⸱ģ÷ЦͷһȣͻȻһ⣬ֱӾİ嶨ˣҪͲҪȥˣɡ
һŵ͵̧ͷСҵɫﲻǿЦӣŵֱӾ͹˵ϣĻңС㲻ҪҪһֱźСߣһֱĹźС㣬СС㡭
СһԼ˼˰
ҵ˼ˣûвҪ˼ֻҲ׷ԼҸȨҴӾǻźҵ߰
ҲС㣬ȥǰɣһ··;ۣߣСܵ
Сһ˵۴һģҪղײգͳװɣ
ͮͮģҲϲ֣Ŵл
ȻǴæľȴһ㶼ûп˴ģ֡
ڶһ磬СҾʰ˶ˣٺСҲʰ˰ҪţСҪˣ˭֪ٸļһ˫ͫĿŽСҡ
СüҪ˵ʲôǱ߳پ˵ˣҲȰˣһҪȥģҪĳʲô飬ҲܳһģǷǼһء⾩ȥҲҪȥ㲻ȥҲҪȥġ
Сҵ˫һ˿ɻ󣺡㣬ˣ
򴽣ͷ
٣Ҫǿԣϣһֱţ㵱ܱŪȥҲ֤һͰȫ
Ѿ
СҼȰס٣ټϱϾǳԼ飬ûǿҵҪٸôԼ黹ҪԼ
СҴԼϻó˵øԼǸ壬ݸ˳٣ݵ壬ٴãҲûƴǣֱӾͽװԼ


468 
һ˳ȥҲ͵͵żȥ˾ǣȥĲĽСھǡ
һЩʱ򣬼Ѿ쵽ϴĵطһʽСѾˣæӱ޵ͷȥ
ǡڽСҵĴ쿪ʱϵ
СɻĿŰ裬ЩȡϴСҾʹչϲʣôˣ
֣ڽСҵԴ˸ԹϱһȥԼȥҲġ
Сҵ𣬺ǿġ
ķţɫʱڳڳġ
ֵ۹⿴Լ̧ͷÿ˷ȥıӰϤ
ΪԼΣ˴û뵽ע⵽ˡ
磬Сһڵ˾ǵͷСѾȺˣСҿ˽С˴ûͣȣֱӾɵ˰ϣСŵæֽСҸס
СҳŽСһЦ磡
ƤҲ֪עԼİȫֱģҪǵˮô죡
ССе֣ЦˣҪǵȥˣǻи
ССҶЦˣֹ˹νСҵıŽСͳҲ˴˻صԼסǧ˵ЩӾǻЩҵ˹ĻңǺܰȫ˲Ҫܳȥ棬˵ʱȥˣھǺú档
СңСͳٵСԴɵĵͷС֪ڶ콪Сһ뿪Сܵ˽СҵǰСҲԼһȥ档
СҿŽС󣬼С˷ܣٿڽСһĳϣȻҲһҪģ
̾˿Сҵ˵ͷСϵĻó˵һģ֣ûô˵ڻܳȥ棬ȹʱƽٳȥ档
ѽ㡭ûϵģ㻻·΢ʰһ£ǾܳȥˣȻŴ绹ûлǾ͸ϽĻô
һԵ迴Сȥ浫ֽСĻϣԼȥµģɵЦСģҪСҪȥ棬ūһСĲһЩñȫϲС㡣
СһȷʵĲ١
СץŽСҵҡŽСҵ֣ý㣬ȥȥ
СֲСֻͬˡСĨҩ࣬죬СҰ͸죬۵ĴƵСͱСɫϻ˼£Сӵ·ϣʱСҾʹһеСһӡ
СҺգŽСͳһȥˡߵȽ϶߲ŽСӳȥҲʲôΣգˡ
Ǳߣķܽһˣ˰ǰ״ĺŰ裺ӣ
ôǸ鵽˭𣿡
ܣһǣҸ˾͵ͬ ˣҲǸ˵ټ
һҲûΪ˵˼˰֣ȥҲûٰǼ·ϣֻҪܵ˺С
һԼǸСѾͷСѾͷǸӣǿ϶ҪģȻǽСܹܵŽСңҲǹܲסСͳٵģ˿϶ߥŽСҳţʱ侩ôң軹Ĳ̫ġ
ôţֱʰȥ˶٣뵽ʲô;ȥһȥŶӸСĳʳ
ϾǹˣһƬٲʢڽֵʱܿ˵Ӱ
СҴŽСͳ˸˰죬ĵطϤһ£ѯ˵صɫϵĳʳһѣۿ˼δ
Сȥû˵Ӱӣҡ
ǰļ˽СϲˣûĽ˴ȥѵһ١
С󲻷ˣֻ˵ңҲȥ˰ﲻ˵٣ﲻ˵㣿
һ¾Ҫȥģ˵˵˭С
С֪ͰĿСңҪСҰæ˵ôʱûû뵽ԽԽˣԴѵе㺦¡
Сˣ˵ˣҵĴҾǸǿ϶棬Ĵ䡣
СŽСͳ٣ˣһȺСӣҪڼǾȻ˽ԳȥҪȥӦţڻͷǳȥ
СЩΣȷʵӦ˽СﶼȥʵڼԾҲϤСͳԼȥ˵ʲôˣһȻҪš
ҵĴ˵ҰɣСΪԽͻˣû뵽ȻҲѵ⡣


469 ׼
㻹Ʊ磡СѵһŤͷ٣ҲǣǸصģҪȥô֪ţһȥ棿иüǺΪؤмͿ϶飬ϳ˵ɱ֮ʱǼ˶ܲˣ
ҪȥģҵĴ
СҾòˣСֻ˻Σ磡ˣ
С˵ѵĻŽСӣѵĻôҲ˵ˣǻȥʱȥ
СҵЦݣ֪ˣ
СҡҡͷԽǲһŮӾҪţһ㶼⣬Цų٣߰ɣǽȥԣһûǵء
Сֻܸżһ˼֮ǰ˵ĵطȥûȥĵطʣµĵطȥ˴ȥǸС˵ģ˼ҪȥԣǲܴŽСҡ
СһװĽСңȻװѾˣǽСı־ϸۼĿ϶ܿУһӦϻͲˡ
˽ܹĵطˣҪȥ¥Էģ˸ָСʳûطˡ
֪϶˲٣ǰ׼ʳ衣
Сҿϵĵĺӣͣ;ġ
СҵͷԳڿԵľ£ʳȥϢˡ
С˽СûдŽСңŽСŵ˺ͳһȥξǡ
СҿС˾ƣ˲پ֪ƽûµʱôȥѰĹСѾСˣڼѾʼæɫѡˣϣСһϲģҲϲģӲҸ
СӺԺ㽪СҳԷ
СҼһڲˣСѯʣŮӣ
û˼ʱ˵ɡСԼ£ϵĶһ٣漴ֳ
ѾСˣżĲУЩһ͵ģӶˡСѣСԶھǣֻʱȰ˵һ¡
һأɶ
⻰ҪСҲ֪ô
ʱ˵СŽСңǼϴֻҪûȶСҼСľͶܳףŶУ
Сһ߳Էһ˼Сٲ׾ҲõˣﲻСûȢ׵˼ӻҪһ˾ǲС
뷨СҪ˸ţ˵ˣжԽСģҲѡһ¡
СǵϢܿ촫ȥ˸Сӣȥ档
û೤ʱ䣬ﴫСҽܹҪСҡ
СҰҩСǰһϺ˾˯ˣڶϳӡ
С׼Ҫ·óźСҴϡ
ʱԽԽСԽԽ£ǰǣҲμ˼ᣬ϶вϳŪ̫ˣ϶˿࣬ɣһȥ񸮡
θ飬겻ܺһÿʾ֭ŻСŽСҹˣЦŴкû뵽ԴŽСˡ
СЦȻǸְ֣ܹܵλҪĸߣ⼸컹Ҫ鷳ܹܰæչˡ
ڽС֮Сϥ
ŽСңԵӣȥвٰ̺ۣ΢
С·𿴴˵ӣһ
ǽСңɨţ̹ȻվڽС
ЦǽСͽܣ֮ƳļβƹԼϲĲУŽСƳĻãϻϵҾͽСٽˡ
ܹˣֻһЩѡСЦӦС
ҪǶ£˵ιļƻ׼ýСҾ¥еĴͳԷϽСҵƵļβơ
СҲ̫ϲֻżȻѪŪģȻиϲʽòͷܹܣǵʳҪȴ͸ӺأֻҪ΢ѵ˼ɣǵĴͳ⡣
СȻʴӱǴֻǿǵһ֡Цſޡ
ԭˣˡСҿĲףԴӴʢ֮ľ¥ƳֳԷʽǷĿ϶ȲԭζģСѸдһݲס
СǸģϵЦܿ췽ͶҪСҪΪ˵ƼβƣȻҲᣬټĹ磬һǿ϶æģµЩӣҲûһõóֵġ


470 Ƽβ
СҿżӣܹܣַܵܲԵĻҪæ϶Ҫȵѵļá
΢˼һ£Ӧˡ
Һ½ҵĵϸѾˣûʲô⣬ǹôˣϽСͳҲæҪСҴŽСͳļͽܽѧСҼŪģǼ˾Ūġ
СҴӦʱҵϾҪˣһһ붼Ǳġ
ÿ춼յӣСҶ岻Ϊɾܾˡ
СܸŽһﲻҪˣһԱ㡣ÿ컹йְ϶ʱʱ̸̿ڽСҵߡ
СҲͬŤͷ٣٣ǲǻݣ
ٵĵͷԡ
Сʲôû˵ôʱѾٵ׵ܵܣܸǼҹҲò룬òҪȥӴյĳޡ
֮󣬽СʹŽСͳȥˡ
˸С̫վڽСҵǰԽСҶмӣС̫ԽСҸӲӡ
СҪչʾյļٿҪôѧ
С̫ÿ˵Ƴһβƣ֪огͷصĻᣬһʮ
СƷһ£ȻûдﵽԤڵЧҲܲ⼸Һúѧһῴɹ̭ʵġ
һпܱ̭˲С˵ʲô޲ÿ
ǰ˴Ԥ룬һõĻǵǰǸҺúѧԺҲи·˭Ҫ͵ҪǺÿ
СҴӻʼѧһģƳβƵĺûҪÿ˵֡
ÿ춼СҺҩСϵ䣬ʵ̫ˣ֬ڸǣ˲˺ܶࡣ
ŵʱÿ˷Сҵģüͷһ
ھǶԽСо֮ǸСû취װʶֻܹ
ûҪߵ˼һֱڽСҵϡ
׼Сͳȥ̫Ϊǲʶ͹ܣǽֵãٽΪƼβơ
ͷת
СҴŽСͳ뿪
Сվ˵ʲôˣһֱŵ˲˵㣬Ǿ˵ͷĿôôϤ
ôСŤͷ
֮ǰȥƴʱǸˣһģǲˣ㵱ʱ˵ǳ͢ˡ
ǣֱӿڡ
Ȼ˶Ѿ³ǽСҲܷϣװ֪
Ϊ˺ãͷ
С÷СԭӣĻˣ;ڴŪģҪڻǰ׺ã˹պ϶ҪںиʱҲýв磡ӰƷӵľ
С֪뷨ֱӷˣʱһֱסԼƽھǵʱҲ٣϶ǷģɺϣǾ˵б顭
˵ˣýСӺԺһš
СҸսţûü·ϵ֬Ҳûϴ
迴üúõôڳˣһŮҪľˣɫҲڰ
û£нҩСЦ˵ȥԺϴ
ѾյϢʹѾˣһҪСġ
С㣡ѾˣҪڶ𣿡ʡ
ɣСͷ׹һ԰ɡ
Ѹٽںãܿ췢һ꣬ȻԷʱСҲûڷϡ
СڷϷ˴Ͱ費Ծգ˳һĪǴҲԽͰ飿
󣬰΢һСҵӰ͸뿪ˡ
뿪źֱ߽ڰλϡ
֣½Ķ򿪺ӣʮֻ񱭡
СгƼβǷáֱӿڡ
СɫһǼβɫͷף񱭿û취мβƵɫ
ȻҪСᡣ
ƼβõǽСңʲôƱȻҪССг
ܿ죬СҾ͹ˣϵ֬ѾɾˣϵɼȥӶഺϢ
Сҿϵİ񱭣ͽСһ˵
ǲأʡ
С΢΢һ㶣
½ֻ͸Ĳ˳
СװһμӣϾȻ͸ıӣȻǲǼôã͸¶ǡ
СҵüıӺ𣿡


471 
չּβƵɫ״ʡСҳ˼֮˵ķıӣͼβƵĸ
Ҫʲôıӣ
Сɻ󣬡
¡
ôµóǷ˵Ļ㲻϶֪
Ҫ״
һ¡˵꣬СҾȥ˱ֽ߽ű״
Сŷӣ;÷ͽСм˵ĸоӾýСٽǷı
ܿ콪СҾʹͼֽžӣ鷳ˡ
һͼֽ޷뿪ˡ
Сҿϵİ񱭣ߵʱ򿴶һۣѵ͸Լˣ
Сȷ˼βƵƷ֣дܹȷ˹ϵĲƷоơ
˵вٸѶȵĲˣҪһ²ȷܲϹ硣
Сҿǰ񱭻ʹˣܹܿǱӣϵ鲻Ȼˡ
ҲЩ죬С㣬񱭿Ƿģ
Сҿ˵ʲôȻ񱭺ܳһ׿ʲô£ǣ˷׼βƾͽ񱭽 
Ȼǻϲĳӣ⻹Ϊ롣ܹȿҲŸ͡
ʱ䲻ˣǸϽʼɡ顣
һʱ˶æСҺͳ٣Сûͳ˲ƷԱķȵһʱҪƷζ
ǰĲƷеĳζ;ƲʣҪ޸ģǻһ˾Ҫıϡ
ŷĳʦնǸĺãһδɵĻëѾͷָֻţв
ܹܺŷܹŽСҵͷԽСҵҪƴӣǲ⣬Ҳ˵ʲôֻܰսСҵҪ
СԷ֣Сҽó֮ЩǶԽСҵ̬˲٣ϵĶҲˡ
ʵĲƷ˳С޸ģһæµڽ鶼ˡ
緹ʱ򼸸˶ԳĲƷǾͳŵòˣָС̫ѧƼβƣĹͷԲܳκ⡣
ҪȥʱǰС㣬С뽪С鿴ĽȣĳƷ⡣
СϳǷŵ£ڲҲǺܶͼֽϵЧʽҲС
ΪѣС㣬ǿǵǱܲȥҪҹӭӣҲܷһЩЩƱǹغģ뽪Сһ˰ɡ
СŤͷһ£ë͸߻𶼸أӦòʲô⣬·ɡ
ʱʱ䣬͵˷
һСԺӣȥʮֲۡ
һȥͷ˷Ӱ
֡
Сͳǰ棬ȥǲƱ
߽ű״ܼ򵥣Ƿı״죬ɫҲÿǵĲУСԸð񱭡
ȷʵСС̾˿
й˹䣬ЩæŽŪ͸ӣǲϡ
ҪŪ͸ЩϵʵǲҪѹĸӾϸһЩ
СĹʯʡ
Ҳȷʾ⹤Сҹ˹䣬½뷨
ǰսСҵҪһ飬ֻ΢һĸƣûжĽ
Сǹˣܷа취ıһ״̬ѯʵĿŽСҡ
Сȷʵа취ϿģȥݵʱҲû򵽹ʯʯӢŷ·֪񣬽СҲɵᣬҡҲ֪ʲôġ
û˵
Сֱܾ÷ʲôĿġ
ԺóһԼ򿪿
һݹڲԼԼСܽŪãԺСҲóӾͿռɣֻҪǮͺá
⡭СɻĿŷ
ͬ⻹ǲͬ⣿ȷСмܸı䲣״
ҿһ¡
ʱ򣬽СͽС˵£ͷ򽻵ҪǽСҪϻ𣿡
Ϊβ׬ֻҪÿԾУõҡС̾Խǲ˵˲һ𣬾Խժ塣
СȴȰСԼȻԺĲ;ϣҪЩ˵˱ֱ˸޿ܣЩֱķ˵ָҲմ˶ٵѪȻû취վӣǾͲ籣ֻҪ˵ˡ
ȳԷɡ
ϣ˶չ˽Сңǳ٣Сҵķû˾Ͱϡ
գСҵԼǩ֡
졣ϴаȵЦ 


472 »Լ
ڽСҵҪ£˹ʯʯӢ˳
ϸóɲɡβƵĸŻչֵ쾡¡
㽫ͼֽƳŽСңҲһԺǵľչ϶ҲҪ
üƻûʼôһĺˡС̲סȤ
ҪжҶ޳ṩ
Է˵ǣСҲŲҲֻ˷ЦûбҾȻȥˡ
СҸջصͷְ
Сһ߳Сң˵ͷߵĺܽ
ôˣ
ȥ𣿡ʡ
ԣ˵˹ϲߵ顣
ɷþ֮в㣿赣ĵʡ
ûСһΣ˷Σ϶Ҫù
Сǰ׹ӲõģȻǲʲô󸻴˼ңܻסõġĵһҲ϶ƴȫıСңϣһĻ
ĺһҪ־룬ԺΣա
סܲܽӴԺ󲻸ҲȥҪ
ɷĲ£ʱСҵˣ˼ȥҵСҪͽСԼһ£Լ
ڻʹвκ鷢Ǿ͵ûԼһСҳԸҵʱȢףǷʲôʣûԼֵ
С˼һ£ֱӾܾˣʵҪСҽ׼ңǼҹϵӣպδܹġ
ͫһҶҪضһĽŲҲᱣ
СҿȥǸˣʵڸգΪֳϣԺ޵ǸϲҲϲģҸȵĹһӡǸǵʱ򣬽С˽Ҵ˺ܶ顣
ҪʲôֻҪܸģҶҿԱ
ֻڴӦʹ죬ϣ˵Ҳ㡣Сߣڰм䣬ϲţȻҪСҳΪĸǿСԽԽϢÿ֣ʹͷ
㲻ΪҵĲΣͽСˮ֮У˵Сδһ˿һΣնԡ
뵽ĽСҲ뵽ˣԴ֪СҪٽ֮һֱڹ滮ҲҪСһ£ǰΪС۶ǵ뽹С˼
ڽСǰĴ𰸡
ãС̧ͷͬ˵ģԼˡ
ͷԡ
ϾҪˣСÿ춼С̫ǿѵѡõģڿԷɼˡ
СһصҪȥԷȥ¥Էɡ
һ˵ҪȥԷľǽСˣߣھȥɣ
Եĸ
¥˼ƲˣСϲľ¥⣬ʱҪʵֻ¥ˡ
Էʱ򣬼׳ߵλϡ
Сҿǵװ磬ǶˣСͳ裬СҸǸʾǰĳԷ
ǿˣ׷׺עӣǼҲĴע⵽Ա߽Сһ
ϽԷ緢͵͵ҪѵˣС˵ʱѾ˼ŵ
֪ˣ˵ŽСͷߺ޵ļһڲˣÿζԽչ˵΢ԼľͲܲʣ
Ҵҳ˷˾뿪ˡ
ǰ뿪˵һͷ̾һŵӣֲ򵥡
ļ˵ģûκλɣΪǶ孵书֣˵Է϶Ǹ򵥵ˡ
СʲôݣȻôĸ֡˿ʼ潪Сҵݡ
ɫ࣬ʹߴô֣ǲҪսˣʱ϶ᱻۡ
СҷĲѯʣʲô
ߵʱһֱڴС㡣˸ɡ
ҺܺÿСԼգֲڵķʣ͹ƽļԼԼôЩ˵ۣ
迴ŽСĿȫǵʵ˵άĻ
˴ϲľСġѵǿͿʼСˣ
СЦˣû뵽Ҳ˵Ц˵Ϳڳϼ¡
Сææźѧϰ⽻顣
֪ѾԷˣڷԼԣϢ˰ɣҪʼˣӦöˡ


473 һԸ
ţܹ˵һ£һ£ùϳʲô⡣ڱģǵ氲ģκβ
ʹ
ϣϣһԸ
˵ˡЦҪ
Ҫӡ
𾪵ĿҪף
ǣ
㿴ļҵС㣿
ֵãСң
˸ոջس͢Ʒӣ׼õĴ󳼣֣
ԣֻҪϿϽ˸ңκҶӦȻѾǸ̫࣬ձȨܶ˶ʸŮ͵ߡ
ü˼ǲ˵
ٴιأϴӦһĻᣬϳȫ
ּ
ڻϵߣñˣԷɿּ
һۣ
Ľʥּ˵ϱ飬ܱ߹Ҷǻ˴ǵĽ
Ƕر֣ȥսδй̣ܱСҲһֱû뵽ڹǰڣ⵽˴ͽ㣬ɥȻ͢¶˷
һ˵ˣϵɫҲˡ
ȷӹ֮վڹ⣬ٴοʥּСԼˡ
ܿ͵˹һ죬СüʰʹźСҴ硣
Ҫŵʱ򣬷¹ˣС㣬Ҫҹ֪ͨ磬С缴ɣܱСİȫ
СҺɵĿ£ɷ⣬ѵҪԼϣ
ǿ˾һСҵӾ֪СˣЦŽͣСİɣһֱСĶ顣
ҲΪǹҵ棬СǡȰ˵ѾӵǱߵϢѾҩˡ
Сɻ󣬵Ծɻȥ´磬ѡ·ͣóһСƿҩϣϵĺӶʱӰˡ
¿СҴˣ͸뿪
СͳҲǰ׼õѣŴĽСʵˡ
㣡û뵽㻹һ氡С۾ĿŽСҡ
ƶ߰ɣСһ¡
С˵ĲУǺÿһŮӿԱȵϵģֲֻҪͽʶӶϲأ
컹ûͽ˹
ҪĴ£̫͹Ůһ춼ܳԶ;ʱȥ㵢¡
費֪Ū˵ԵģС㣬ҲûԶԵ㶫油һ°ɡ
Сҿһϵĵģȷʵеˣ˲ܶţֻҪ˾ͻͷۻû
֮½˽ˣ쵽ʱ򣬶ͻȻ˻ĵ
С˲ˣҲ뿴ǹ
ʦ书Ѿȫͳѧˣë͸߻Ȼ书Ӹһ㣬ǺЩһȺ񲢲ʲôһܳΪ־ͺˡ
Сϵ˿ڣ֪Ϊʲôһֱ÷ڽĶϡ
ȻΪѹϳüıȶ˶ſˡ
ųϻɢɱˣЩʹ鶼Ȼˡ
ãǫĿ޷֮ʱһ䡣
ҪˣŷжСҲһȥơ
ŹŮǶľƶò󣬶ʹߵ˲ˡ
궫ʹߵĹƷǲǲǾȻóôĲȥҪȶ孵ĺã
Цк˿ͣʾǻõģóʹߵġ
ʽĲ󱻶孳ײұQˡ
ǶԽСҵĵƵļβޣʹʮֺ棬ǰƷûù޵ɫٺȵ·һζζˡ
ȵˮ꣬͵˽ˣǶ˵ûԹЩ佫˵ȫûöء
СңСͳڿͣˣȥԷʱ첲̧ˡ
ʱܹܹˣϿ»ҪļβƣҪཪСͼλүˡ
Сҵͷܹܷİɣ϶ġ
˵ʹŽСͳԼС̫Աƫ
˹ˣʺѾȹҪ˵㼦βơ
һλִŹŮþƣʺҪľƵƺ𣿡
֣ѾˣСӦ
϶һ㣡ִߴ١
Ӧ
俴˳٣ϵĶžڵϡ
㡭һֱų١
Сҿӣһ
Сʶʲôٻ


474 ٵ
ֳǰһѽСƿŷ𣿡ֱүһģп̳İ
ٲõüɿ֣
˵ҲգķſȻѾ˹϶ܲˣС㣬ŷôĵܵܣ
죡㲻˵ʺżҪƣѵ⡣
ǣ
Сû˵ȷʵҪϽƴȥ˳һ۾Ͷžˡ
׹ٺпܺͻʺйϵǻʺߵһϳ٣Ϳ϶вѰĹϵ
СһĽСҽл
ޱ飬ͽСһƼβơ
Ϊ˰ƷҪƵľһֱûϹС̫ͽСҼ˸ͣ
ò׵Сҵĸ첲һûˣҪȥʱ򣬻ʺټǼ
Сһûüݣʺͳ˹һץס٣㡭ŷ
̧ͷǲ˵
Ͽ׹
Ľ׹Ӳժʺ׹̲סˣứµŷŷ
СͽСѾʶȤվһߣٿŻʺӣϴŲм
ʺҪʳٵǳʼһԲʺֻܽ߷˽СҺͽСϡ
ʺҪֻ֪Ҫȥϲһ¾֪پҪҲû취СҾֱӽڽͷǸСؤ½ľ˵һ¡
˵ôСͳΪؤʺòֹסֵˣŷ
ٲȥҲûôۿ
СҰæͣʺһֱδܴʧȥ׵ıʹ߳Ը䵭Щ
ŽСʾ񣬳˻ʺ
ʺųһۣȻˣһỤȫ
ٲͬ⣬Ǻ½Сұƽһ㶼ط
СŻʺͳٵĶԻ˳ǻʺ˾˼ҵĶӣʮǰΪԩŷһұն
ܻʺô˵پǲڹҪߣҵľˣһӶҪ׷
ʺϵɾſʼӽСң˵ʴӱоܶ¾ƣҲŮˡ
ŮҲǼ˼档Сǫ顣
ʺ򵥺˵˼䣬СҲǸģƣҲֻҪûֲ
ٿʺܲˬӷ·𽫽СԺ鶼滮ˣٴξܾʺ룬ҪؼңǡнСҵĵطǼҡ
ʺŤ٣һֱҪҪٸԹֻͬ˳ٵҪ󣬡Ȼȥ컹Ҫ֪϶Ҫġ
ٵͷŽС뿪
СѾڹſڵȵżˣż˹æʣʲôˣôôų
ʺټǣŷүĶӡСҼ򵥽һ£ųޱӡ
С𾪣벻ŷүپȻŷүĶӣ
ãŴзӦȻؼ˵ٱ˷ݣ˵Ҫʲô¶ôʺģ
һ·ϼ˵Ķû˵
ڼǣСͷֳٲûʲô쳣
컹˳𣿡赣ĵʡ
СЦ˳Ǹ첲ʹ
СֱӷԸ裬СȥϢúøС첲
ӦŽСһݡ
Ҫ;ҩóɣܹá
û£ǲõġСЦȰ˵ˡ
¥֮Ҫ轫ҩͷֿСͳٵ㡣
һֱ֪࣬СһȺõ˽
СͰ£˵飬孵ڿһˡ
С̫ɫз硣赣ǵ̾
һƴȫСȫ
ܽСô˵ǵġ
ܿյϢ;棬ӣǳپȻŷүĶӣʺѾˡ
ϴϾ
ӣ;СĽ
;ǳٶԽСͼԵĲˣŷүԩףʹļףŷүĶӱһϿ϶ӦҪȢСΪޣǹӡ
һ߽С˼ŷү飬Ȼ۵ĲУɲ˯ٵݱ¶ˣԺ϶ҪڹģŷѾûˣҪԼһԸΣˣȻСҲھǣĽŸûվȣ϶û취ְﳤ١
԰æͺðˣ꽫ŷүԩ˾Ƿ˵ģϵĳŵлʺΪɽҲܽٺܺõıƣűȨԳ˵ҲʧΪһð취
Ĵ죬СѯʣС˯𣿡
š


475 ʹ
ţڽСҵĴߣСڵĳүɣʵСˣ֪֮һֱĴΣүͻʺﻹݹϵүᷢΣյġ
ŽС˯ȥˣǺñӣš
ڶ죬ʺһҪӳٽͬʱСҲҪš
һ߻ʺںͻ˵ʹ͵飬ҿźϣӵĳƺţȻǴ˼ңû־ǸģŷҲǲԡ
һֱ˵ɫԽԽѿѹַľҪָּ顣
ʱʺͿʮСңȥҲ˺ܾãҲֻԽСҵʱϵĴ̲ģǿн˷ֿδǸ£ŷԺҪؽأҽСھǣҲˣôСѾͷҲĶ֡
ʵɫѿʺΪԼ˵Ĳãæʻôģϣôģ
˵
СҸڳٵĺ棬һʺͻʵۡ
֮󣬻ʵ۽˳ٹȥ
СվһߣŻ϶Գ꺮ů
ʵ⿴Сңּ˽СҪȢ⽪СңԺⷴ˵˵Ҫеˡ
˵޳̴ƣŷӣҲйϿŽСҡ
С£ˣ
ʺһֱڻǰޣ⺢ͷֱŮӣŮǹпа
ļһ͵Ŀʺ
ǾͷΪ¡ƽɡʵ
ʺ΢΢һ㶣ŮӣϾȻĶǸһݣ
СٴοͷϣŮһ񣬵š
ʮ⣬Ժˣǰ׼ҺҶҪԺҪȢΪҲ˳ˡ
˵ȥĻûջĵ
СȻ׾ϷԣҲֻܹлϵĶ顣
ջصң黹ûͽС˵Ǳߵʥּ͵ˡ
ּ̫ϸɤ˽СұΪ¡ƽ飬漴̫͹ŮǴĲƥΡ
СҹлּҪ˴һ¡
ˣ˹£ūŲμ¡ƽ
ɡСҲҪ¡ƽĳƺţз硣
С潪СҸˣô츣յ飬ĳƺŲΪ
СҲģ񣬡ҵ㣡
СӣС̲סЦǲҪҴ򣿡
ڿݵˣôôֱСЦ
ŷӻڳ͢дˣЩ˵˿ʼˣȻʱ˶Ѿնɱˣŷӻ˵Ƿ˵ϡ
˵ŷӵľ˾ǽֵãڻ¡ƽ׷״ŶأһϵˣȻҲ͸˵ˣ
ӡ;ŵĽš
ĻѾ˵ˡ
;˵ζСΪ׼ҿ϶ȲϣԺҪȢСΪҪϼˡ
Сҵļﲻ
СҪںԺСװ˵ӳд
СǱҲд˵һɵ̫̫С㡣
ڽСҵʱʱѽСҪô
Ҳˣſڶŵˣֻ
ӣʱ½ȥ;ѡ
ͷֻۻȥ
һüﶼûͣȻСûж˵Ƕ֪ˣߵﶼǿ޽Сҵġ
ڴӹҽСңȥɡ
СҿųٵСͷãҸȥ
ȻҪȥС϶ҲҪš
Դŷүնϵ֪ŷүǱԩ֮󣬾һֱҪרߴһŲǽСӡ
ʱ뿪ʱٻС󲿷ּ䶼Ѿģˡ
ŽСҽţ߱еط
Сҿǰĳ٣вζСС;Ҫô࣬ʵ˶ϣڼƽ˵ҪյԹޡ
ԭٻҪפŷģǻʺоٻ̫СԼ棬ڻʹһ¹ϵ
Ҫһס𣿡ͻȻͷʽСҡ
Сһҭ֮ҾҪ뿪ˡ
ʧĵͷ֪СҲϲǣҲھǣͷ
СͷҪʲôҸˣǾһӶˡ
ٸŽСһصСļԷ
ϵʱ򣬷ͻȻ˼ʥּóСҿ
С𾪵Ŀŷʲô˼
СͳٳʥּϵݣϸͽСҴͻʱ򣬶ˡ
СȥҪСǷĶ֣ס֣
㣡Сɺ۾С


476 ΪҸ
͵תͳ˳ȥ
ҽСҿŷ
ЦĸŽСҽţսŹϾͽС§ڻ
Сһȭϡ
--ʹſίͰͣû뵽δķ˾Ȼôˡ
˵ûȡʥּ
ϾϷԣѾʥּôջȥѾҵˡЦĿ
СȥҽС·ӺԺ磡ˣҪ޸Ǹ
˵ʲôСһ
СңǡǴʥּġ
һߣҵ˻ϣϽʥּջȥ
޽ԣջĵϾóٻǸӣԽСֻǵ
СҵģԺҵӣٵ
һжǲŮ֮飬㳤ˣȻѡõġ
ʺҲһȰ˵ŷŮӲʺ㡣
ܻϺͻʺ˵ʲôپǹز𣬻ϴŭˣϳȥ
С̫࣬ŷӣˡ
ٱݺݵ棬ִĹڴ⣬ƻջּ⡣
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Сȴţ綼ûд죬һôô˷ѣ
һŮܲ죿ǼڸԣҲҪúչһ£ҪЩǰǵĺúÿӦʮ㡣
½Ӿ¥лڽСҵָ¹ԽԽãǮĶʱҪ¹ˣ½ľ¥ûżҪţӻ˾æת
˵ĶԣǼԽԽãһŮܿ㣡С˼һ˵ǼСţ
úúãģ
һϲ죬˵С׵ģ׷׹ǮϣСҪ
һһ
׼˺ڽСҵŬСңҵҴҹ飬ܷʣ㡣


482 Сҳ
ӣѾлԼˣϣءСҽ˵ˣȻѾͰ˻Լ;Բܺͱ˾壬뵢š
㵱ӦҲῼҵģΪʲôҾͲУЩʧء
û˿ԿƸ飬ҲǷˣɡ
ȷҪͰס
Сصĵͷǣ
áʧˣҹתͷߡ
Ժ֣û˷źͽСҵĲ졣
ӦϺһ˹趼ЦǿԼĶôͲˣҪȥ׼ĻУ
ϵǿЦӲģСӱϳţڰһ۵ı߽ǵطԺ϶չСҼҵϡ
ûô˼ǰҪӦССȢţСʲϽСңŽСҪͰףĵףҲǼصġ
ϺӦϺ׼Ҳʮֺء
գ۵˳׵ӣСصٴӾǸϻ
ҪŵʱԭҪС󽫽СұţǽСʱ߹ɡ
ССӦϺ棬۾кỨ
С֣ģȻҪóš
æ˵С᲻ãҪɣ
ӭ׵ĶСҴŴ£в
СŸŸͷĽСңһϣϣȵķϣһҪҸĻ
СѾ޻ͷ磡һҸģ
ӦϿӭ׵Ķ齥нԶڳŲסˣ޵½ĻҵĹŮҾôһŮڳ˱˼ҵˣ
СҼ޹ȥֲǲˣͰİɡ
ӦϿ޵᲻ãҵıŮûߴأ
򣬰ὫСҵĸͷһѽСӵ뻳
СңҵˡĴǡ
Сߺ
ˣǾʢʱڵϣ޲һҪ
֪˶೤ʱ䣬ûҪͣ˼
Сһ̱ڰϣס裬Ҳˡ
ԺҪǿаȵĿϵŮˡ
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Ķҵֻ꣬һϢ
һߣںͷ档
֪ݣȻҲûҪ㣬úñ˸еķԸ衣
ģūһӶǷ̶ģҪұСİȫҶ׷ɱʱ£ĳˣʱͷģһӶǷˡ
齪Сңɲóκβڷ֣ҪýСҡ
֪ԺмƻСĵʡ
ֻҪҸұ㲻ٳ֣ҽ飡˵꣬Ѹҹɫ֮С
һ£СҶ֪Լôģ˳ȥ㣬ʱڴЪϢ߱ѹ¡
ĳϣСʵܲˣ裡һľӣΪΡΪޣ
ˣһĹ򣬶㻹ҷйһ£轫Լ˵ĺί
Сʲ죬뵽׹Ĵô󣬴ӶȾһֱġ
ˣûµʱʹڼ
СɻĿŰ裬ǰⲻǺæԴӳ֮Ҳûȥں޲ðȥʮ²Ҫ
;ڡ
ԣС˲ʧˣˣиܵ;
÷ˣСҽ÷Ū˹ɡ
СǰԵģ֪Ϊʲô̲ס͵ԡ
һ÷ӷŵ̫ˡ̫ˡ
ɻĳһüͷȷʵеᡣ
ڶϽС𴲷֮󣬰ȥé
ȥСұڴϡ
СҾĿŰ裬ҪʲôҡҲҪˣһ˵һߺ
ҵСˣһҪˣƾҪ⿪ѡ
СҴִ򿪣˼
Ÿ첲໽лҵĸ첲㾹Ȼıɱ׷򣡡
СĿǰɵĴˣ޸пû뵽ԽŴջִð顣
ţһͳ˯ȥˡ


483 У
˯ЦǺñȥ衣
ϴžᣬ
費ˣʱôŬûޣ
ڶ죬ɹʽ趼Ūˣˣ
˷ܵĵͷصʱһСĽŪˣܵص˲䷢˾޴졣
˯ĽСұŵһ飬æ´鿴
Ҳ
Сҿǽ壬ôˣ岻𣿡ԺеһӦǰȣܲˡ
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ôҪʹŪë̺ɡŽСҵ֡
СɻĶͷǲǲԽԽȣô
һ˿Ȼ漴һĨЦȻΪǿڵϽйˣ
СûĿ
ھҪȥ׼
ȥԺԽԽȣë׵ĶȣͽСҵķһľذ壬
߹˵Ļ⣬С㣬׼Էˡ
һ죬СҷְʮַԷʱιԷԼȥ趼Ҫţϲʱ򶼺ˤˣҪժҲУ̫ոе¶Ȱ˷䡣
ôʵˣϵʱʵĲУСҰҹȻְԼ
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С㣬´ͷֵѾë׵ĵ̺ʮ
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ŷְ󣬻صϰԵĻܾ꣬ˣԼ˯
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迴ԼСϱɰӣĴǣԹ˯
ڶǲ̫ţҪٸСҲһ¡
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ıʲôСע⵽˵ĲҰӲÿһȴ˺С
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ıӻôûϷôóԣǼ߷ġСϴŵϧ
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Сأ
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˸º󣬷ﴫӤޣѪĳϲϲүϲ̥
䣡о綼̮ˡ
кˣҪˣСҾȻһ̥
輱æݣŨصѪζһ㶼ûŵߣŴĽСң˲޳Сңˡ
С̧֣õᡣ
أҪҿӡ
ѾĽϴɾӦ׼õıУСҪź߹


484 ն
СµĴҲѸٵĻˣӦϺ½Žš
ӦϿŽСһз۷۵СӣᣬйŮǸСӣһգ۹ŮĺӶˣҪҿ
ӱʼ½̸ۺӵüۣСһġ
½ҲЦüۺͰһԺԲˣ
ӦϲĿһۣŮŮһǳģκһ˶᳤ĳˣ
ӦϺһӲԶǧ˸ǿСңÿ춼ӦڽСҵķˣСҽִҪע顣

ͻȻʼʰŪһѾӶն˳
Ҫ˵һˣҪȥСҲ
ǰϳŽСһֶһŮüӣЦЦֻҪټһ㣬޶϶С
ΪɶҪȥСĲʲô˽⣬ͱק뿪˼ҡ
㲻ϲ޾Ҵȥ׷󰡣Ҹû˵ĵطԼֲûµʱܴƣôãд㽣ҪҸӣѾ˺ܶˡ
СҲϲӣ׼Ͳ𣿡
;Ǿ͹ԼСӾͺˡһȻӣźǰ¶ʲôҪ˵һССİ׼ҡ
С޵Ŀ죬δ̫ˡ
նźĴ۾ͣʵҪȥ
ǰǳȥʱŵģǴûе͵
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뿪ǷǺ쳾һ˿ʼԼС
ӽӿʼԼֲˣ׼ĺܳ㣬һûвʱеƷˡ
Ȼ˻УҪһӣӵĵѾ֮
ǴŶҪ˽նߣҪͽСҹһʱĶ磬նʵ̫ˡ
СѾˣû˵߾ͳ׷ˣɽߣջصǣӦϾ۵ıӿһͨնǽ㣬ûһӣÿ춼ˣ
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ڽеĴ׳̲סǣͷԿС㰡
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ǰסڰļնȫûԼ֪ҪҪȥк
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նɵǺǵվţȥһߡ
ҲˣնԽ鶯Ĵ۾˶촽С㣡
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Ҳ֪Ҳ֪ôܵôߣվȺжеˡ
룬ҽ˺öǮôʱ϶˰ɣ԰ӣնĵԼǮڰǰơ
ɲıԹҺͰһȥģСƫģ
ȰԱʣµĸԡն˵š
룺
ɣ
նļල£ֻܿƵ̯ӣնһ߳԰ӡ
ڼ˳ˣʣһӣնĵĸɣεż˳ʣµİӣͬʱЩɻ󣬴Сô԰ôã


485 
ɫˣ׳ߴ٣ϽؼҰɣһ˵׼Ҫѩء
նͬ⣬û湻أ׬ǮûȥأҪȥǰ䡣
ʵѾƣˣǶնҪӦնڻߣҴȥ
ǣ׳Ū̯ӣɱǣ˵
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նǰС˵ģҴȥ԰Ц׷
ðնһڴӦ
ΪѾˣ˵ûˣֻһնӺӡ
նϵϡĲУ һڣ𡣡Ťͷݸ룬ԡ
ɫΣǲΪհףԴСŲ뵱ˣ
صǶն԰̬Ⱥܲһ
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Сĵĵ㣬Сˣնִŵģ̲ס
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486 
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ȴģôΪɶǲ͵͵óԵĵء
ҵǶ˸ɹǣȴûˣ֪ȥѼҡ
еĺóԵӦϵļӦ˵ŵĶӣɫе㲻ȻҪ˽
նճ˷Ϊǹ꣬Ǵģ˾;öûţҪҰ
նҪȥҰҵķ˲óôҪҰˣҵķ˲óԿȥԼҳ԰
ѣҪǼң
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кóԵģն۾ˣĿˮˡ
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ܿ췹Ʈն񣬡ǼҵĲ˿ɺóˣһ԰ɡ
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ڼ˼죬նͱﲻסˣųȥ⣬Ѽһ㶼棬Ҳڣȥ档
նĸƨ棬նߵ͸˵ʲôʲô
ʮʱ򣬽ϸ֣ն˵ĲУտʼʣûһ;ûʲôˡ
ΪСҲŪ˸ԽĻƻ˲ģ״ҪǴ۽硣
Ū˸ƣն棬նиָĻƣԼһȣԼϵĻȫȻʧɫ˲䲻ˡ
С㣬ҪıǺ«ѾŪĲˡĹ档
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ٴαˣһС㾹ȻҪ̼֮£ǼҺȱǮ𣿡
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ǰŽСҪˣҪ֪ͨӦϺ½
ӦϺ½̳նɽ
迴ŴϵСӺӣޱҸܽ˳Сңһֱڵһʱ̣ڡ
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ӦϺ½󣬽ǵľݣ⽻ʱʱͯʹ˵ĳЦ
֪˭˵ʲôնĴУ˼һҪȰȢأ 


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