صС˵www.527txt.com ȥС˵
½Դ磬ȨԭУԤ

̫̫֪ͨ
ߣ
İ
ͩһֻдٶûݵİٺС˵棬߲
Ϊ˳ΪԾȵ׬ǮСţͩԿԵ̬ϷԴÿһѡ
ΪҪμӵһʱ
̫ӣҲμĿ
èҲμ׽Ŀ
ǣҲμӰ½Ŀ
ͩ
ΪӳμӸŮʱ
ɩҲҪ
ɩҲ
ɩҲ
ͩ
龫()vsƦ()
#տ#
#ͬԿɻ#
#˾#
#ѧ#
#ְ̫̫#

ݱǩ  Ȧ  
ؼ֣ǣͩ  ǣ  Ԥġ䡷
һ仰飺ĺܵƤ
⣺Ϊƣ渺𣬱ֹȰ 



 1 

ڿϵͳĹڰ󶨡50%100%ͩɹ󶨡
ͩ
ͩͩͩСͬѧѣ
̫ͩСɻ۾
ԼһƷɻյĵط߻żʵˡ
㣿
㲻Σ
ͩһתͷ˭͵ȴˣ
С˵ռ䣬ֻн˲ˣ
ʲô˭
ϵͳĹѽӦ֪С˵Ĵ趨ɣ
ͩΪһҹС˵ŮӣȻ֪ʲô˼
ǰɣΪʲôȻأ
Ϊ㰾ҹȣѾˡ
ʲô˼
˵ԭˣ걻ץִ
ԭѹܳΪƽƽ׬һڵˣͱС˵ռ֧
һڣ
ص㲻ӦǻԲѵĺ㣿
ʲô
ڻԲѼΪֲ˵ڼ䣬ҽƷѿһʾ޿ѹ㣬Яһ㡿
ҪôЯһ
֧һ֧ɵһԪڣڡ
ͩڻȥ
ͦõķϣĹͲһһ⡷İٺС˵桿
զ(Ѩ)ٺϣ
ϲⲻ⣿

ͩСĪغ
ⱾС˵ʵûпʼдֻŪ˸١
źߣ
ߺһΪҹԲѣС˵ռɹ¡
Ҫôѹ
㲻ԾŶ
Ȼѹɽôģ
^_^
ΪʲôѡңΪҸպҲ𣿡
̫ˡ

Ʒоֹǳϡһ⡷Ů衿
ͩɴ۾ϲʣŮ
ǵӴ
̫

ףдС˵ˣ
Եģҵǩ˰дЭ顿
ҪôС˵أ˭д
㡿
һ⡷ŮΪӾչģԽһһжӰ飬ΪС˵ݶ¼
ͩʲô˼ˡ
ٺС˵Ů
ûŶ
һŮ˭С㣿
ڽܾ´֮ǰĹҪ㽲һǵϷ
ϷͩǸͭҡ
ΪС˵ݵңҪض龰ѡҪߵڡ
磬ŮһźŮԼŮΪ֣ԸȥʱĹܻͻȻðѡȥο˭
ѡȥοŮţϳֵݼŮڻǰ°ѾԻ龰ŮһŶڽ˴Ůų׺ڻ

ֻǾٸӣ㲻Ҫе
ͩһĵС˵ܹΪԵգ黹ǲġ
գһ⡷С˵
ʲô
һѪʹġŰġ׵ġ
ѵеһλ⡢ɵŮŮ䶼Ҷֻ¹⣿
ٺ٣ĹղǿЦⱾֻд٣ֳʲôӶģ
ͩԾҪ߳һˬ˲İԵŮ֮·
뻹ͦŶ
ѽʲô㶼֪һ˽ûˣ
ĹֲʮСʱ㣬Ժֻڸóֵʱա
Ҫָʱô죿
ûнָ

Ϊ˷ֹһ⡷ԭĹ̫ԶĿȫǣٿͷֲ޸ģ.ͽֶǿԿɸıġ
ٸӣ
߿ͷ趨ǳɻμӻ𳵹һգҲȻڷɻϡ
Ϊʲô޸ĺĴ٣ֶͬ𣿡
һɵĹУܵصӰıԭȶľ飬Ǻܳġ
Ŀǰֻп˺ͷչֵڱȽ.ͽֲֵڼûУֻһŵ
ҲѾԸǩб༭޸С˵ȨЭ顿
ˣⱾʲôϵҺɵġ
ȻйϵⱾȨȨȴС˵ռ䡿
ռΪʲôڵأ
ȫΪڿС˵ɿռ䡱רΪЩ˿ӵһֱС˵ġ
ǺǻӮдС˵ǻûر׬Ǯ
ǻʲôر
ǵּƽгڶΪЩڿӲС˵½Ϊá
ףҿһЩ촩С˵ǸʱվӦǲİɣ
ô⡿
һ⡷ûʼдôҲѽ
Ϊ߻ˣϣѹΪ硿
ͩ΢΢һЦ
ͨжԼලС˵ɹ̣Ҳ⣬ɿĹܡһ⡷λԹ۶߰ɡ
λɫ̷Ů깤ı༭ʦǳΪࡱ
мλ黨ӵ۾üʮĶ϶ߣǳΪС
ұλڳֱ֪Ϊ¶ߣǳΪС¡
˵ѹ
ͶˣΪֻܹ㣬൱ڵӻ
Ҹо͵ˣ
ǰй۲죬Ҫעôʵ

ǴڵΪС˵ĿĶԣΪе߾ʱ򾭳Ϊʹ³ֵЧ̫βء
˵ҪǵԸ߾飿
ϲ֮һ
Ըꣿ
ߵȨ޵ģֻһЩ趨ϻ߾Ҫ߱˵ʱὨ飬ҵΪ
ͩϲܵˣ
ΪʲôҪС
ûС˵ŮһЩ·չУжӱĿ
ֿͩ˿Χļˡ
ԸҽܾҶ˭ǲʵǸ
ûж
ͩϲѵһCPİٺС˵棿ǰɲǰɣ
߱µڶ֮ңýȢķˣĸȴһ鸾鸾Ů
ճͱλ鸾ˣԺŻصﵱǧ𣬲ŮŮˣŮҲ
ΪȽձ顢ϲûжѡ֮ˣ鳷ǹ⻷
С¶ûĿǰһ⡷ֻʣλŮˡ
ѡ˭һ𣬻ռӰǸŮһš
ܣ
㣿

׼ý𣿡
㻹ûҴپ顣
Ҫ˲֪١
Ҳأ
㽫ԭԲֱ㽫̴С˵ʧ
ͩʧòЦЦҽ񡣡
ͩãĹѾͬΪһ⡷ҵ룬㰴ȷϼ
ͩԺиһѡͩͿĹѴ
ѡֻһȷϡΨһİ
ϲͩѴĹ
ͩϵͳ̫СͦģҿԽ𣿡
ԣҲͩͩ
ͩ΢΢һЦ
Ϊһ⡷ı飬ա                        
лҪ˵£л֧Ŷ(ޣߣ)
μδǡԤİ
ʮǰԼ÷Īɣ˱ĺø
ֻǳδѿ˴Ѿһ
ʮĪɣܵķӴÿµʮ϶
ĪɣܼİϤҲǻ
տʼΪԼεƽʱ
ܾúȷδʮ
ĪɣҲܾúܾá
һиıǵĽ
ʵǿVSƦ
ξVSԵ
С糡
ջԲĪɣܰǽϣɫ
Ժ˭۸㣬ҡ
Ҫô۸ң
Īɣ¶һĨа߷ǳЦһ
𣿡


 2 

һִܿĺС˵ߵҲŮ˵ľ顣
ǷǽԣȨƵĺţ̳߼ǳ
ʮǰ˹ĸײŮʿһλ绪Ůϣܿû˽ˡ
˹ĸȴϳƶӲҪǳǵĸǧϽ顣
Ϊѣ˽ϹͨϣڻӭϽŵ̫
ϵȻϲİţϣܳΪҵϱ־ηҵǿͷӦˡ
ŮΪԷǡСճദûìܡ
һΣŮֳ
ʧײϣʹϸеĹûˡ
ʹϸԼǹģȻģΪϾΪ֮ʹҲȻǺӵס
Ůơ
ǡϵĸҲ֦
÷ǳֶΣ֪ĵСŮӤϣԼԻĳɳպҲܺԼĺһҵĲҵ
ȴԼŮֳþΪɱˡ
ΪֵĸףϣһŮĵλ
岢ϣһΡûˡӣȴǳ֧ϡ
ΪһҾʵ鳤ǱȽϺõģʡ˶áߡ˽Ů֮Ŀ֡
ֻĸ׵ĻƲϵĺӡԺ۰֡
֮󣬲ҳӲСӳˡ
ϺͲһȥҽԺɩֶӣȴ˫˫
ΪӵĲѣǰݶѳ֮λøŮ
岻Ѽҵ˼ǵֵϳǡ
ԭΪĳŮĲѡСƫ̫ϲĸ׾̹
ǲּϲֺо̲ܣпʼͽҵĸѧϰӪ
Էѡһֱûʵ
ĶŮҲر֣𾴲ͬĸףΪѡŮ޿ɺǵģԶûй֮λ
һƺദû
ǰ³Ǹ̵̻زԴ
̺ͻ֮о֮Ҳл֮壬ϵͬѰ
ɵ³ȥ黨̣ҲǶʱʶ˻СŮͩ
ƼϲԼŮȻ뷨
̵ӶϲԣŮϲͬԡ
̵ӶϲԣΨһŮϲͬԡ
Ի̾ҪͩΪΨһѡ
̷ǳˣҪ̴ŮΪŮ
ҴŮͱȻͩĴ࣬ҲģԻѡ˲ơ
ѡУΪһ⡷ŮһŵǣA.̫ӣB.èC.ӡ
ʲô
㶮ġ
ðɣѡ̫ӡ
˵ɡ
ͩЦ˵ղŶҽԭǱ˵ǸԴAѽ
(*////////*)ûпĹ͸Ϊĸ
ͩ룺һƫè̫ɣϾǸ̫һС˵Ů
ϲҴˣƷΪµľ顿
ղǸֻǰҪɣ
ͩһԿףҴˣǲǾĪ¾飿
ǵӴ㽫Īþ籾ֱӵ̨ϷӴ

Ϊһ⡷Ŀ˾飬ա
һǰȥĴɩԿɿʱϵռǱ
ԭϰè̫ӵĹ̼¼ռǱˣȴƺһֱûд
ԿɿɸϽռǱ̡
ûƵǰй۲֦࣬ھҪŮͼŮڼﵱС㡣
֦ųعҹӣҲԸ̸Ϊԡ
ãͻ֢סԺƣϣǰܿŮΪޡ
̫ƲǲҵѪ׺󱲣Ҳ̫ոŮӣɲΪͩİ¡
̺ͻһǳʶڲǰѾҪˡ
ͩͲ֮ǰȻǶϵ³ǺͷǧͩͲദʱ䲢࣬û顣
ȴϲ˻ͩ
λ̲ҪѻͩĽΪ֣Ȼ޷ıǵľ
ֶԻͩӡ󲻴ϲˣҲǺȢΪޡ
ֻûü̱̬ȣ̾ϴɫӭȢͩ
ͩû̫ƽϽĳ˲֣ΪԽûرĺøУҲ˻̵Ը
ǣһյĴϲӣͩǧǣͲ˻ʽ
ѡУΪһ⡷ŮŵǣA.̫ӣB.èC.ӡ
ӡ
˵ɡ
ͩش𣺡Ϊͩ޸˲ֵ֣ĸͲԵĸҲҲںľУǺͲԼͩǸ
ϲҴƷǽµľ顿
߱µŮĽͩ𣿡
ҲŮջΪͩǸΪͩ
ӣѾǰǵķɻˣ

߼ʲôˣ
ĸĸ͸ɩɩ˱Ҫ֪ľ飬ĹǵĲּա
ޡͩĪе˷ܡ
ǡһ⡷Ĵپ飬ա
ڻֳԻͩһ飬ͩԲҲһֵ˵ĸо
ͩܲڱ˴ϤһʱзִӦˡ
ı仯Լ֮˵ĸļ޶ѻ뿪һʱ䡣
ȴڼͩϲԽԽŨҲԽԽõ
ʱò̵ĻģڼĶҺܻ⣬ȻȻ˼Ŵܲá
ڼҲĵλ̸ֻһŶѡ
Լÿ춼޵ĴŻͩԺ֣мĽּʡ
Ҳϲ׬ǮϣܲãҪͩӣ˽ܻѰҳֵĶ̱
ԵɺϵķֲԭжԲֲ˺⡣
ΪϺ뿪ĸûܹϸԣѾˣֻܰιڲͷϡ
ΪԼǲĳŮΨһŮȨòҵӪҵʸΪļ̳ˡ
гıߣҪӲжԭļҵҲҪͩΪŮˡ
ͩճദҲϲ˲ԣΪǲֵӣʼնûа֮˻ԼҰ¡
ϧŮ⻷ȻƾնĴ˲֣˲ϵңȢ˻ͩ

ʾʡ
ⲻΪӾΪʲôĶǲδ򵹲֣
ΪǾ٣ǲθҵҪĸδҪھ
Ҳûϸ˵θҵѽ
ΪǴ١
ðɣôˣ
ϳң
Ȼأ
ûȻߴٶµĽ֡
ͩεΪʲôҪдĹѽо̫ܶϲһõӣһ޸ӵĽ㡣
Դʷף
ףһ⡣

 3 

ͩе֣ͬʲôûмұûг죿
ûŶԭŮţһŮŲǴɾֻ֣ڻͩ
ôϲŮģ
վ飿ҪῩ
Ҳϣϲҡ
취ϲ
ͩ룺ʲôõģΪʲôŮᰮ
֪ϲͣŮ⻷趨ϲȻȻͶиоˣ
ңŮǣжģߵĲٿء
ô˵ʲôԿ
ͩеƣǲҪҾ͵ðվߣ밮Ϊӣ
.ǰľ飬ӦúѸı䣬ǲԡҲñ밮һΪӣ޷ͨŬıԭ֡
ԲǲԻǲ֣֮ԻϲңΪߵ趨
֮Ǿʹ趨߳ˣǿ԰ԼԸŵġ

˵ԭϲ㣬Ϊ˵ıֻǾĸıûϲ߲ϲ㡿
൱ˣǺѰˣȻԸıˣǻ᲻ܿƵİմ£ǻܸԼš
е¡
ٸӣͩͲ趨Ϊ¹ϵı趨Ȼʵ
ڻͩϴǿԸıġ
Ըϴܻ˻УľҲĺӣĺûоģ²ܵ㺢ӵӰ졿
Ҵˣ趨޷ı䣬ڿԸı䣿
ŶʱɻٶӰ顿
ӾûгڹǰЩ𣿡
Եġ
и趨֮ŷģҾпհ׵ʱˣ
ǵģԭ֮һӣغþ˶Ҳܻʹ֮ӡ

ҵ˽СͷɻѾ˷Ҳݻׯ԰Ͽա
ͩǵʿ԰ôĳǱԼŮ˹
ƺǲֵֻǲԵŮˣǶġ
׼𣿡
նҪһϣԲҪ޸֣ĻȽϺá
ΪʲôͲһ𣿡
Ϊͩ룬ָѽ˾Ҳһܹı֣һĿԷǳ󡣡
ѾûŮ⻷ˡ
ͩȻúЦնҪһŮһ𿩣ҵͷ˭ѡǳCPС˵
ƾʵĹҲǺġ

ͩǾãûϲ˭֮ǰòҪȥѡ˭CPľܻܲÿء
Ҳ£ҼԵʱͳҪȸദĻҪ࣬Ͼдٵʱ϶ᾭܰһ𡣡
ʱμǣĿǰһ⡷ֻлͩһǣԲŮһš
һ⡷ĴٷǳϸƺֻҪľ㣬Ϸڶûв
ʵǺ£ĿռԽıֵĿԾԽ󣬳㲻ı֡
ͩûжҪıֵ뷨
Ȼ̫˲ֵӻţߵ趨Ըıġ
ҪǣıҪྫӰ಻ɿصڣĿǰɲ
Ҳ²ԿǳɰֿǸαӲŻ³ɣ
ߵ˼£׼һ׶ó𣿡
һжٸọ́һߵ;ͱô죿

˼˵һҽͲСɱ˲Ի߲֣ô죿
޷ɣ㽫ʧܣ߶Զʧ
ͩһҸоʱΣա
û⵽ΪƻҲȻٱգҿǳһͨ룬Ҽ¿ʼִиý׶εľ顿
ܲŶ
ĻᣬֻһͬĻᡣֻһˣĻ᡿
ͩ΢΢ͷоԼ縺˾شΡ
Ҫɫʲô
ʲôԸˣҿصɴ
Ůأ
ǻͩ
õİɣҿˡ
ʱմͨȷϽܱ;
ɡһ⡷С˵ڵ䣬پ飬֤µֵ꡿
ֵ
̫ࡢβɹĶꡣֵԽߣԽߡ
ͩһȷϽ񡣡
ڿʱѿģ50%100%Ѷ᡿
һ⡷ŮǻͩҪ롭50%100%ա
һ˲䣬ͩգգۣԸоº״̬һˡ
Χͷ϶ҽܺ͹ؼϢֱͩһ˲ʧ
ƳԼժ΢Ц
һνͷſ棬ص棡
ɩɷͷϹ˵ʲôСͩҪף͹
ͷЦ˵ǿţЦ
[ǽӻ߻ڻˣ᲻Ӱ޷չȥʧܣ]
ʧܣһԡ
ͩ룬ÿ˲ֵľ͹ԹԵİմ߱ȽϺãϾͲֽ趨֮һԸıġ
ľ򣬿Ĺο֮ǰ㽲Щվûа׷ѡ
ͩ΢΢һЦ
ɩס֣ͩգգۣɵ㣬Ӵ
ͩߵЦЦ͵һԱ߱ĿĸĸҲ۾Ρ

 4 

ɻͣ˲ׯ԰ΧĹ㳡ϣͩͼһڲŴ
꣡
ڴ˹ʱΪĵӵĵһͷ
[ǲдȦĹ°]
ƺǣҲ֪
[дʱӦô]
ôдôϸԼ͸
ͩɫº͵·ɻº͵ɨӾͷ
ļ˵ЦԼߵĿĺ׷ʡ
ͩһʱ֮Īɣֻ΢Цͬһǵʡ
ĺǼߣŻϷӱҲûٻֳǶ֪СͻС˴æǷϷ˵Ĳйϵ
ͩеԾ
[ʲôߣȻ˼ҴϲЩ߰⣿]
ߵ趨үСӫĻýҲǳ񣬸ԭȦ̫һ
ԼߣȷʵΪӲʶûμֵͩĻĿǰӦڼҴɩһۿֱ
Ǽߣ֮ǰһֱҥССѾ飬Ҳû˵СССȻǼ޸С㣬ǶǳϲҲôϵģ
[˵ǷΪʲôûֹЩԼߵģ]
вҵ˶൱Ȧˣýɷúͱġ

º˵ͩ÷ΪС͸Բſⱻý巢ǹϵǳ
[Ҳǲգ۵ģڲ֮ǰһֱûйҺͲǶϵ߿϶׷ΪʲôȻļ޸]
ļ޸˲ԣȻ׷ʵġ

ɳǼߣСոմѧҵ֪ʲôĲãǲСģ
磺ͩã˽Ĵ㣬Ҳӱǰڵġ
[ĺԺҪǱý巢ô죿]
ûý׷Ƿ˵˼ٻΪŸʵȨѾĿˡ
[Ҳ˵ﶼԵģҺͨζ]
ǼߣһμС㱾ˣʹеɵ費̫һƺһɽ֮
ͩգգۣҴͲǴ˵еɵҲǸ֮
ǳǼߣҲΪղһֱûлشҵʣŻмǹͨء
ͩƱ磬ӭ׵ˡ
Ƿ׷ʶȤÿ·Ƿ׷ųں̺ϵļעĿ
ѡУΪǣA.ԣB.ƣC.֡
[֮ǰ˵뿪֮أ]
ܵòμõĻ뿪Ұɣ
[˵ӦɲֹŶԡС˵һȳֵŮǣôںܿǲˣ]
Ĺǿ˼ĿǰŮǣ
[Ŷǲѡ˭˭ͻǰ]
ѡ˵Ļֱȥֳѡ˵Ļڻֳ
ͩðС˵Ҫĳ˳Ӧûᰲȳܼ档
ԭӦǻͩΪԼǲ֣ȴĿİĴŮľϲСġ
ҲΪɫ϶˻ͩ
ΪʲôǲӭӣΪ²ǲõֻɽӭ
ţӦ
ͩ΢΢һЦ[һûҪҪ԰ϣѡֱ]
ңĴ𰸡
[ѡ]
Χٴں̺Ůײͩ
ִһзβĿ峺̤֮ͩƽǴǡ
һ֮ӵ·֮С
[֣߾ȻȰŮŮǼ]
Ůţš
ͩͲ֮ľԽԽ֪ģһ˵һ˵ĽŲ١
[֣ҲӦɲŶ԰]
ΪϲˣֻΪŮѡ

ͩרעĿӲ֣ŽĴԼǰ
һ΢紵ʱŵٶȡ
˫·ͫīעͩ崿ա
ͩ˻΢΢һЦ
šһؼҡ
Ŷٴӿǰ㡣
ͩϲֵ֣е㱵ĺں̺ǰ
овͣĴһɹССůЩź;ִ١
û뵽һͺţôö
еˣ߱µŮһŻߵϾŮŶѾˡ
[ҶûվӿԼʲô]
н𣿡
[û]
ôھͳ㡿
[]
㳤ƣȴֱ˺ü൱˵㡿
[ţûʧܾͺ]
ʵûŮ⻷ͻʢˡ
ΪŮ⻷ȫŮ֮һߵֵ
[ȫŮжٸ]
ֵ˵ʶģеΪһٸŮеΪһڸŮ
ҲΪŮǣ￴㣬ǿ˺üյ㡿
[Ҳ˵ʵڵѹûб仯]
վӿԼҲȻ˸㣬۵ΪԼȷʵˡ
[ˣԭһͷ˰ԼڿңǿһӣҿԺԿ͹ʵҾ]
ȫֻӵ⻷Ŷ
ͩ΢΢һЦ

 5 

ͩڻ鷿ﻻϲƵĻɴĸԼɩһ׼¥ǰá
ţĸ׺Ͷɩˣ·͸ӶҲӰ١
[ףҸղ˯¹ȥ]
ûУдڴˡ
[ʲôڣ]
ǰܣ
ͩûӦ˾ͺȻȿһݶҪʻصĲݴˡ

һ룬Լһӡ̵Ů˻
Ϊʲô˵ӡ̣
ΪŮƺûв˧ʵľޣȴһ˿˾ӡ
ͩ˲ϺŮӣĬһͷϵϢȷǲԡ
£һֵӾﾭֵӢ۾ͩ
һֻסͩСһִֻϵİơ
ͩ˫§סĲӣ̧һѩ׵ĳȡ
[ţѹƲԼ壡]
㲻ҪˣĬĬ߸㰲ŵĳʽɡ
ƺһҲûܵͩϷӰ죬ȻȾϲĿŻˣ·
ͩԿڵǸţȷſҰɣ
һԣվֱͩ
ͩһԼĻɴеš
Ҳʶǻɴɫۿɼٶȱ˱䡣
ͩôڸǣʧ˵ĸ׺ͶɩͺȻˡ
ԸòشкպҲҪȥǱߣһɣ
ð΢Цǣͩǰߡ
ͩĸ׺Ͷɩмţ۾ȴ͵˲ԺüΡ
[òҲдİɣ]
ǵģԺܿƵ飬ĬǴӰɡ
[Ҿ͵Ů˷˿ɲ]
İɣѾź㱻˷ּʱ͵ص㣬㲻صϸᱻŶ

[ҾòԺûо޵]
Ϊû˹⻷Ϊߵˡ
[Ųᣬԭﻨֲͩһ]
ͩҲѾע⵽ѽʱ˵ĶҪѽ
ͩĬˣ鸴ӵü׳ĺ̺ǰ
ɫ͸ɫʻ涷ޣŵĴ
үһԶŮ䵱ͯϲصŻں̺ˣ
ͩס׵ֱۣͨͷɴǰɹ٣һظ滨ͯá
λﱲͲվһÿһҫޱȡ
ӲԲٳǣɷţ񣬲԰ԵڣƦ᯺Ų
ͩһһĶͷϵϢòԷǳС˵衣
[ֵȻֻƦǣ]
ϲԵ𣿡
[֪С˵ͦϲģ֪ദô]

ͩ˲ǰȴʧı飬ʵ󲻳ƦƦӡ
ִнӹӣºʵЦЦ
ͩȻһ崺ĸоҲ֪ΪΡ
ҲЦЦüĺˡ
νһЦ΢΢һЦ˳ǣ˵ľǴʱ˿˰ɣ
ȻҵŮ޲վ鰲ŵеϲ̾Ϊֹ
ֺͲԼƶƺܵߵּ⣬رͩһЦСġ
ͩȴ֪ԼЦ˴ɱΪǳòŻЦݣҲֻ˵ĸо
ƺϵɻЦݣ͸µܰһЦÿ趨
ǼͩЦݵģŮ䡣
ϵͳĹͩԺи趨֪ͩòøˡ
ƺϣԼҪƾȤϲġ
Ĺο㱾ЦúŮӣֻǱ˿Ƕ˼˾ѡ
ͩ΢΢һЦ
վ룬Ͱʣ֣ȷ֮ϣԸͩΪ𣿡
֣ԸԻͩΪҵӣŵ۽Σҳĵչָ
̺ͰʡͩȷԵԸΪİ𣿡
ͩԹԵ˵ԸԲΪҵİ£۽ζչ
˫ֺʮôڣүʽֺͩΪϷһԼż䣬˫ָ
ͩ鸴ӡ
ղŲûаռﱳкǫ̃ģΪҷġ
Լܻᰴվ鷢չϲԣ̶ѲֵĻ
ַӾֵֹĸ˽ָĿ֮ס졣
ͩգգۣƺڻعˡ
ͨͨͨ
ţĳǾȻ˲֣
ͩԼƺܵһɹᴩ־µ޷
[ͩһʲôʱʲôصʲôŮɵģ]
еͯŶ
[ң]
ܸ㣬Ҫߵȶ׶λشȷ˲ſɽµľ顿
[شأ]
Ͳ͸
ǶͽˣΧȺڷ׷׹ƣֻвƺͲûһЦݡ
ͩ촽ϲһ˿΢ɲԣ̧ʼٸߡ
Ŀ峺Ŀ΢΢̣ƺܲ
̧̧κУֵˡ
ͩóָϡ
ǣԽֵָǣ֪Ϊʲô𣿡
ͩ벻𰸡
ϸΪǶһ޶ģϽеģǲֺͻͩ԰µġ
[̨]
ų̂ʡ
ͩͷЦЦлл㡣
ȴƫͷȥ
ţͩĲ
Ӧ
ͩһȦƺڵǲ֡
۾ٲĿ˿ԣ̶ǲơ
Īе飬żս֣һǡ
ۺžžžžžž
лͷͩۺЦ⡣
Ц˵ǳãҴ˹ϲˣףǰúϡͬģ
ллֿ̡һЦ

 6 

ˣ翪ʼˡ
ͩȥʶĲʶ˾ƣ΢״̬½˺ѻڡ
ص鷿ﻻϲҶƵۣҪػֳȴĪ˻԰
ѡУϣʱ˿̼ǣA.ԣB.ƣC.֡
ͩòӦڻϣ԰ĿԲ
ѾͲˣżļҲǺܴ
⣬ʵϣ˭Ϊ˭
ͩãӦûҪͲദڻҲڲңôڼһҲ޿ɺǡ
[߻᲻һ̲裿]
Ĺȥʡ
С±ʾ֪̲ʲô˼ʾδãбʾĿǰ㻹кøС

[ֻǾãӦúܣߵԣĿǰŮ˵˺ֻܿδè]
[ϣҲΪеʥĸɣѡB]
գۼ䣬ӻ³һλŮ
ƱһĲɫ·һǳǳСʺ磬ϺеݵĹ
ޣͷȴƺһƣʹЩ
С±ʾ۲ƣ׸ڵŮ˺ƦŮʲôɰġ
ͩÿɷ񣬾ֱơ
Ҳע⵽ͩˣһʱ֮䲻֪룬ƺȾϲ
ϽڲѹһĨʵЦӭӶԷ
ҵ𣿡
Ҿһˡ
ޡƵͷЦЦررɰҲرעĿ
ллͩеΣʲôأ
ҡͷҪҪȥס
ͩΪʲô
ƿЦȻǲҵС㣬ǰѾһˡĸǱҪżȥ̽ĿǰҲûرҪҵĵط
һһӣһ飬һˡϣõĽܹԻΪ
ͩرĿ⣺Ҳ֪ΰο㡢㣬㽫һǴ󻭼ҡ
ƵͷʵһֱһԸѹûϲң𣿡
ͩ˿ͷ˵˵ʵҴδҪ޸֮ŮˣҶҳϣΪ顣
仰еŶ
ͩ˵ҺĹϵǳŵģҪǶ飬Ҫ˻顣
Ҳڸļ޸϶Բ㣬ƺĸϲһҪϿҵĵǸ
Խ˵ԽףҪΪŮ¼ˡ
ͩһԲ𰡣ƣûϲ㡣

УŸոտʼ߾飬ֱӾܾһŮˣ㻹벻뵱ˣ
ϵıȻסˡ
ʹĵסˮ˵Ŀͩ
ͩе𾪣ĵһμŮģ
ǵݣһҪϷ
˵˵ʵҲ֪㲻ϲңɵΪ˵ңδϲңȻġ
ֻ߽ͩǲϣԲٹڻʹʹһӵĺѰɣ
ţͩΪʲôҪôͿԭŮŵĸߣ
㲻һŮΪ겻㲻һŮĬĬػ𣿡
бʾеѴŶ
ͩһξϵͳе㳳[ԭͩ˵ʲôأ]
ų̂ʣⲿҲ߼ȶ棡
[Ϊʲôһż]
Ϊڴдһ仰Сܻװ԰
[]
ڴݸأܶණûвͻˣǾﾡõİС˵ݵĻڶϡ
ͩˣԺǱʡϣ֮ģǿѡģǱʡΪ֮ģҪѡġ
Ʋ֪ǲڷЦ׵ģҲκβҪź鷳
ӦǸܺõİ£ףҸ
лл֪ͩʱ򲻹ʲôᱻ˷֣ѡ˱ơ

Щ죬ܿüĿرͩ
ͩȴûиϸܵʱ䣬һ뿪Ļ
ͩ΢Цİڰ֣ƣǵؼҡ
̨ƺҲ̫ס
[˵ʲô˵ʲô]
СĶ߾ֵ
ͩתˣʼûлͷһĿȥŮӡ
С±ʾⲿֵıֲ̫⡿
[Ҳͬ]
ȻϲԣƫΪ˰ֶλеƫִѪŮˡ
ƺϲ֣ûɡ
ͩһһ߽ԼղΪʲôҪϲƶ롣
[ԭ飬ŮǺͲճɾĿԷǳβǺͲ˫˫ܣӦúѻŮǵ氮]
[ҲȷиıֺҲû˼뷨ıļƻƲƵĽӦò̫仯]
[ҲϣΪ᲻¶ҵĸѻϣҵǸʹ]
[Ժ֮鶷ѾˣҲٶһƽҸϣܹҵ]
Ĺˡ
ɵϲ쵱ɢҹĻ١
ͩĸͻص鷿׼ϴ裬òʮƽԡҹĹơ
һûĹ죬ΪۻΪʲô
Ĺ²ЩҪΪ˸.޵Ŀܡ

[Ҫģ]

ĹϹµΪ۴ֺÿأ
ʱһ߼ӶװŮ
̫̫ãСˡҽʮ꣬ׯ԰˾ְˣϼһѣĿǰǿֵڴΡ
ҵӶ˷ΪȼװɫӸߵͷֱΪ졢Ϻͺڡ
ɫһΪ˵̴Լĸˣܹܡ԰ȵȡ
ɫһΪڻӶԼڣɫһΪۻ߱
ǳֿɻΪСڲְʮΪʮΪС
ǵǳڵȼĻϼȡһɡ
ͩ˿СͷϵϢͷôԺˡ
ҵС΢Ц̫̫ǲҪԡ
źߡ
Ҫĸײأ
ͩͷײͣ
СЦЦǽϵʾ
ײиɹƣţײʹ͹֭ҩײһѺͲɴҲȫҪˡ
ͩû׼ýţݳޣͻɡ
ǡСȻǷԵЦݣӻѾΪɵֺƵ
ͩͷԼУ㲻úˡ
С΢΢Ϲ̫̫кηԸһ߳Ϊ񡣡
ͩȻúЦ㲻ظҶ˺ܺദģ㿪ľЦѹͿޣʱ̹ʽЦϣܺദȻһ㡣
СϹűЦ̧ͷͩƼȷϣЩݡ
̫̫ĻСһǡ
ţȥɣϴˡ
ǣ̫̫С˳ţżŮӶȥˡ

 7 

ͩһ·ͺȻסˡ
[]
㶼ˣܲ㡿
[ʣǲڵӻǰϴ裿ǲεĹ̶Ҫ]
ֱ˽һ¡
[ģҲҪֱϴ裬ҵĿǰֻһ˿]
λɰĶ߶ŮŶ
[һǻẦߵģѵԺ˭ʲôҲҪǿ]
ŵģĹЦ
С˵ռ䣬ǲʮ˽ͷġ
[ԣ]
ǲȵĻϸ¼ϣҲ߿ĹҲԾ˳
[ȷ]
ȻС˵ռ䣬ҵȨ͵˽
ҿĹǷ·ӲȤ񿴼Ƥ㽶ûаƤ㽶
[㿴ҺͱȵĻʲô]
ûУ㲻Ҫֱ̬⣡
̬⣿ͩá
[ǶʮСʱ꣬ô죿]
ĺʱٶǲһģһ£Ǳһ졿
ҶԹûκӰЩǻģǿ
ڵӾǿҪľʵӰ·չĲ֡
һڷͨϷǲᲥŸǿģͻȻǿ㣬Ǿͻͷ

[Ҫϴˣλ°]
ͩ鲻ѾƯ໨ĴԡԱ߻кóԺúȵġ
ֻ¼΢ȻйԼѡ
#ֳֻ#ڰռ˼СʱĶȻһڡ
ûǵۣǽϵĵӻͲš
һڿ۾мһֻͲվڲׯ԰ΧĲƺϣΧǻĸʻͲʵӫ⡣
ˣϺãǡȫǰߡľѻСš
գйŮ֮ƵĲСˣһȱΪСδ޵ĻͩŮʿ
ͩŵִǣһγھͷǰԵЩִٺ͸䣬γ˷ȡ
˽⣬ͩͲѰ㺲ꡣ
Ȼ˻ͩڻҥԣҲִǰ̸Ļ˻ԡ
[ʲô]
ͩң׼رյӻȴͷ˰ĳ
СʧĻȻٴ
ͬǴӷɻǵһγھͷǰٷɫβȹǳ߹󷽣ЦҲܿ
Ա֮ǰٷ˵ĺڹѸװԼЦı飬ٷǼ޸˰顣
ͩɴ۾[ô˵ЦûܿҲˣΪʲôҪȵͲٵ̫̫أ]
ýҪھ˷ܵϢ͵ȴڲǵìܣȻԹϡ
[̫ɶˣҸոռңǾΪң]
[ǾȻ˵ѵǲһ϶û]
൱Ȧһ֣Ǽ಻ֵģҲĬýĲǸ׼㲻ҪٴС֡
ͩϲʣ[ˣɩӦòҼƽϰɣ]
֪ĿԴ

ͩԡҳСѾڴ˹ˡ
̫̫Ҫʲô𣿡
ʱûС
ͩε˵³ǼҲӶˣûôࡣ
СϲԵĿͩ
ͩ͵ǿԣǾദȻһ㣬ô
СϺŮӶһ۲΢Цŵͷ
ֱͩױһ
Сϴ򿪷ͲͷɿǶˣ
ղ΢һ£Ǻ񻹱ȽϿףҺֳþõġ
ǵģ̫̫ǲ𣿡
ţͩɻؿ
СϽ͵ѵκβҿˮ͹ȥҲӪ۷򡣡
ͩ۾ˣ˵ԡҵľ𣿡
С΢ЦҡҡͷԸңһľ
[]
Ǻ̫̫ҪȡԴΪԴ㣬ֻһΪǽľ
[]
ͩЦʣСϣղҿȫǰߡ䱨ˣǰҺͶɩĻԱȣҲϲܲܡô˵أ
С˵̫̫²ܹΪűҲѾųˡԱʵС£ûҪѴ󹦷ˡ
ͩƣɱȵͶɩһɩƽϣ沾Ͳˡ
Сǫ˵ȫǰߡĿǰѶͷϴԶơͷһС
Ǻһ㲻˵Щ˴ŵĻϣضٷҲܹ⡣
ͩͷҪҪȥɩ˵˵أ
С΢ЦΪȥǵҲͦáȥɲء
ȻСûнͲҪԭͩҲе˼
ǺðɣҾ͵ûţ½ŵϱȥ͸λɩɩ򽻵
ţ
СϿ˿ǽϵʱӣ̫̫ʱˣ£к󾡹ܰǡ
ղϴڼ䣬Ҿѽӵ˺üͨ绰μӽĿģһͷϸѡʵѡ񡣡
ͩˣҲμӽĿ
ǵġС΢΢Ϲ˼ŮӶ

 8 

ÿүСڳǱﶼжһ׷ӣͨһǧƽס
ƽ̫̫ǶھţʱһˣڵʱȴǼɷѵӡ
ͩȥݷλɩӣصҾ͸Լ˸ӡ
ֽˣпſڿͩ
ͩĿӣ뿴˭ȱס
ԽԽµĿͩ
ͩԽԽǿȻĿŲ֡
ʾղܡ

ͩƹˣֺЦҡҡͷ
ΪǶķӦ΢Ц߹
š
զ
ͩҪţ
ֺǵΪʲô
ͩĽͣΪҲϰߣҪϲ˺ţһûϲ㡣
Ҫժһһ𣿡
[ԭֲǻͩһժƺҲϧ]
侲
ЦЦǣ˵㲻ϲơ
ţͩʣղǾ仰ʲôϵأ
ɳϣȤ
Ƹ˵ĻûϲҲԸףҺ㡣
ͩأ
ҺĽǺϷģûжԲκˡ
ͩǲҸղŲ㺰Ǽʲôϵأ
վֱȻûκˣҲϣǷ޺ҸϹ
ͩ΢΢ͷڴϡ
ֽ⿪Ŧۡ
ͩϽվѽ
޹˵׼ϴ谡
ͩ˶٣ҲѹⰡοһû˵껰ء
ûϵŦۣ¶˵.»ӡ
ͩһ£ģϣһʱ㣬ڴ֮ǰܲܲȣ
һ΢Ϣ˲ֵü֮䡣
Ŀƺͣˣǰ¹Ҳƺʧˡ
֪ͩΪʲôĴ
ִ룺ҪҺһɵŮڴʲôҺѡ
ͩ鸴ӡ
̧Ըӽʼ˯ɳ˯
ͩ鸴ӡ
ת뿪ҡ
[ҸоԼûѽ]
Ϊʲô
[ҸоΪֲǻͩİ£һѪյŮӣȢȴһֱҪƣȷʵͦѵ]
ǲϲԸıѽ
[ȷʵûȵĸ]
˵ҪԭߣǴһպͲԸŶ
ȴ¶մϾּȿֿɰ
С¶ԴûʲôľᣬֱӺͲԶ߸߷ɱȽϺá
ͩ޻˵ԹԵϴš
ִԡǱ߻صͩһյͷơ
ڴ̨ϣĿº͵Ŀͩ
ۣͩ¹µӡ
¹ڲϣ˿Ľ㡣
Ϊʲôң
Ϊ㳬ס
ҡ
Ϊʲô
ͩתȥΪעӣһֻĸо˯ŵġ
ֻصɳҲкܶ෿Ҫ˯Ϊϣ̿Ƕġ
㲻صһҹɻ£ĵ˯ÿһװ̷ֵġ
ԼˣҲҪֵһ㣬ҪǷò룬𣿡
ܸͩҶʱ䣿
ǣȡϲʱж೤ڻû֮ǰҲӦܱĹ״̬
ͩһӣϨͷơ
ˣ֡
ͩ
ͩļһ˲˯˰СʱҲû˯šŷֵûиǱӡ
ԥһӣȥ³ǱһСëָ̺ϡ
ۣһ
㻹û˯𣿡
˯ǳ
ޣΪʲôǱӾ˯ѽһڶ͸ðˣ̻ҵġ
ȣ䡣
ͩε˯»½ģԺˡ
ܰԵ
ͩתת飺𣿡
СһЦ͸ҽ
ðɣ͵ǰԵŮˡͩصϡ
ȴ˵»ҹͬ
ͩеţӦùʮɣ
ִֻ˿ޣһӡ
ûͩ˵Ѿɿ˱ѣס
ͩʶҪȴûʼͱס޷ˡ
ͩŤŤĿҪˡ
[]

ַſֻ˿´صɳϡ
ͩδΪʲôң
סЦ͵˵»ҹҪǣղǲһӵʱ䣬ҾӦף
ͩף
ֱ׳˵԰ҺúϡͬģһҸ˵𣿡
ֵֹͩģˣåҶղŻ˵㡭˯ǰ˵ʲôţ
ûЦ⣺Ϊӣ㲻ɣ
Ҷ˵ҲҪˡͩ
һ£ڹߵԭͩûз֡
΢΢һЦԺˣһ²ΪԭҺòã
ûʲôԭ²ԭµģʵҲûֵֹͩĸǺñӡ
ҲǲҳòԵ㲻ϲң
ҲǣҺ̫ദˣϤûо
ҿܶ˶Ǽ˼иоˡ
ѵиоˣ
ֻ֪֪ҪҵŮˡ
ͩ˵ˣСʱȥҲû˯š
[ϲʲôŮˣ]
ⲻǷϻϲģ
[ҵ˼˵߰ϲңϲʲô͵Ů]
²⣬ǺڵģʹΪΪûϲ߲ϲ㣬ҲȻϲ͵Ůӡ
бʾ֮Իᰮϰ¹ΪͰ¹һ͡
[ϲ͵ġҪıԼԸʹϲˣ]
[ԸǺѸıģҸôϲأ]
ΪʲôҶϲոģأ
[Ϊѽ̸ֲģҪ˳񣬰߾ѹ]
аɣĹףΡ

 9 

ˣͩرֻּΡ
ֵ׵ˣɳϿˣεЦһЦ
ֻˣǻ硣
ͩ۽ͨ绰ôˣ
㻹˯أҳ緹̫̫ء
ͩ۵ͷ֪ˡ
ٺ١Цһ
ͩתͷ¹ڳģЦʲô
Цͷһֻ֡
ͩû˯µʲôûУ㲻Ҫҡ
üȻʲôûУ㺦ʲô

ͩı⣺ָû£еĻеġ
ǣ֤
ͩʮǻЦ⣬е
ƼСģӺЦˡ
ԭô
Ҫܡ
ͩ´ȥϴ
ſţԼӦöİˣþѾĵ̡
Ŷͩ³ˮ
֣Ӧûûôʶԡ
ͩĬĸѡ
֣ʵǶûôϤҲر⡣
ͩĬ߳䡣
֣ƽĩҪϰӦģڼɩǺúõġ
ͩɵͷİɣҲǡ
΢΢һЦҲûϵһվƽ鷳
̧ܾͩ״ǧҪŶ
Ƿһ˫أ
ͩҡͷϵ˼
ɫ˱䡣

ֶΪʲôҪϲ㣿
ͩԳΪҲֵϲǸˮĶ⡢ʼŮ
С±ʾ𾪡
ʮ룬վʲôҲû˵뿪˷䡣
ͩµĸǱĴڶѼ溮ѡ
ͩλɩӶ§һ£ȷҪҪȥǸԵ͡
ĵظַ΢ѯ
ֱʾɲȥݷãպǻǽӴ
ȴΪͩرһɩǣһǡ
ǣͩСϷ΢ţ׼ݸɩӵǴͬСֱĲõġ
Сʱ˳ȥ
ʱ򣬲ͩСͩӦýͨɣμʲôĿ𣿡
ͩЦ˵ͦģһûʼѡ
ԺȻ˵ǵ̨Ҳμһ¿սĿ֮áƺͦȤͩһȥ档
ͩĻŪûһ˼ˡ
ײΪʲôĿŵһμӽĿϾǲֵ»ӡ
ֻûʾҲϽ̬
³ǵ̨ΪǣߡսĿĳפαȱһŮαͩԿһ¡
ԶͩҲͩ
Ҷͩ
ͩʾҶ
΢΢һЦˣǵ̨ҺμӡޡսĿҾڱˣƺһЩ԰̫̫
ٳ˾գգۡ
ͩգգۣѽԭôĿѡܳءɣҽСһ
Ц˵ԣϲʲôȥÿĲҪġ
ͩһЦõģ̡
󣬲ֳϰȥˣͩһ˻Լӣ
Сڴ˹ʱ̫̫λٷԼ׼ﶼѰ׵
ͩɨһȥݷǣ̸һ̸
ǡСϲԵͩб档
ͩżɽղڲĽԼֶͬǲμգ׺ͷģʽĽĿ
СЦЦ̫̫Եһ£ȥһЩ뺯
ͩͷɳϺ̲衣
[ԭﻨͩѡ˺˭μӽĿ]
²£
ͩҡͷ[˵ѡԭӶΪ̵棬Ŀǰûˣܡ]
ΪûѡĸŮĿǿԵġ
ͩúЦ[Һܺ棬ԭкͩȥԸĿأ]
ĹǰŶ㼴ҪѡμһսĿ½׶Ρ
[ѡ˺Ͳȥأ]
ڽĿ̷ĿӰ¶¼ϣ޹һʴ
Ҫ֪ǣѡչԽ޹أԭӰԽ
[ôѡͲԲμǱȽ׵]
ⲿԭͩͲĿģѡԭߣԵõòֵľ͸Եõ֧Ľ
ֵİպͲƵԭǱͩģѡһչԵõ֧Ľòûо͸
[Ȼ֧ǲ˵ٿʼֲ޸㣿]
Ĺָ趨ڡ
޸ǹ¿ʼıҪǰᣬӰչ趨μսĿԽǿɸıڡ
[]
ͩûҪҪʹ˸ı䲿ڣֻͰȥ
Сϱһļˡ
ѼԼȽƼԼݸͩƽ壬ѼĿһһܳ
ڽ֮ǰƼľǡޡΪСոս飬μӷ޽Ŀ϶ǳȶȣǻԶһЩദʱ䣬ͦõġ
ͩ˵ڼҲ棬׻϶
[Ϊʲôҿķǣ]
ΪƵĽƴǲμӷ޵ġ
ͩȻЩ档
ҪԹԭҲǲԣ־ܵӰ죬ϲ
ԼûɡûȨ

Կֱ֤㶨Ŷ
С϶Լҷ˵˵ÿɷƽл˽ĿϢ
»ûвμӷ޵ȥμӹɩ׽ĿܴۣںҲǲԡ
ͩɴ۾ں죿ΪʲôһٷҪȦߺأѵһԷɣ
СϾԼҷʻе֣Ҳûж룬ĵĽ͡
λ̫̫ǣиұȵľ
νһ⣬ȫҹ١Ȼ̫̫μӽĿ׬ǮԷȻҪȡعĻᡣ
ϵ̫̫ŻһڼԼȤãĸԸμӸĿջ˿Ե
ʹǷϵ̫̫ҲβμЩĿɼͥȦĹףڽĿ¼ƹҲúñ֣ԡ
С㾭ҪӦһģûҪһȥӦ꽻ʣ˲Żá
ͩԼӦˣԺںҲ
С΢Ц֮ǰһȺСţСӵȥС̨ͬݳȿ϶ܸߡ
ֻҪȷʵûʵܹϵӪôڣѶ˶㣬಻㡣
ͩȻңҪ⻰кã
СϣΪĿ׼ѽȻûʲô˿Ȼ׬عȣѡĽĿ;͸ˡ
οȸˣǣߡͻиտͶǮ͸࣬Ŀ׬Ǯ̫̫зֳɵġ
ͩϲʣۣĿ׬ǮԷָң
СϵͷΪμӽĿûͨѵģĿû׬Ǯ൱׬ǮͻᰴպͬԼõıָ
ͩЦЦ³ǵ̨ĽĿ϶Ȿ
СϣǲⱾԼμӵĽĿʵͣû׬ǮĽ˲ܵģȦ˿ܻЦء
ͩͷ룺ȻúںУΪʲôƼҲμӡ֮á
С㶣ΪСϤһЩС㻹ûҪ뷨ء
Ŀһͬʵģ˵֮áķֳɺȶȶȡǣߡҪߣѡǰ߻á
֮áĿҪŮʿͬС㣬ƺ̫׵
ͩһβ˵֮ǰҺ㶼ˣսȥĿƺ̫á
ҺĽûκţȥμӽĿƺϺں֮·Ҷǳ棬μӵһսĿ϶ܹע
ܲһȶȣһ޹ʹĻƺҲ
[]
ƵѡĿġ
С˼һ£Ը⣬ҾҲԣС֪׼뿪ȥ𣿡
ͩҡͷûС
СվôȥѼں֮õϢˡ
ͩͲһŮ𣿡
СϣαÿαŮԻ顣ţɳǵĹСƺСŮ顣
ͩͷҲ˽ࡶޡϢ
СЦһЦõģ̫̫

 10 

ޡһʽսĿĶºԳפ½ĬȺ϶ȵȼָıƴ
ĶαۺϷֵǰģɽһֽĿ¼ƣ̭֣µ԰½Ŀһֵı
ԴֱһڣαԳפαͬǼ
ޡѾĸַ򸾷뺯ϣԳפαμӽĿ
ͩǸսˣ֧׬Ǯƺμӡޡ
ΪּԭŮţǻͩɷͩѡĿƺѡͲˣøա
ҲܱһЩõۡ
ͩƺѡ񣬵ٳٶ²˾ġ
ΪĲ߻ɲ񣬱Ͼƾ޹صڣӰܲС
ԼѡͶ·Ҳֻ̹Ȼˡ
ҲĪѡ
[ȷӰǿԵ]
ΪڵѽôϸӴߣ߳¶϶ԭҪдµȫ롿
ֻԼģ֤ɾˣճֳʲôӣҪһЩ
[ҴŶ]
Ķˣ
[ţѾеľ]
¾𣿡
[֪ʲô뷨]
ʾӰߵڣɺΪ̫ţӰߵھͽһˡ
[զ]

[ͩϲϲԲѡ֮һǸҲǾ߰ɣ]
Ӱߵĸߡ
ͩͩǰĸӰ˺ľߣ.ͽֲֵľǿԸıġ
ڸߵı䣬ʹӰ˺ľı˽֣ҲȻܹΪˡһ⡷Ĺ¡
ҪⱾС˵ãȴΪ±һֱŲı䡣
ҾȻĪĴѱ֤ԭ˳ˡţҺ̫ӣ
ĹʾҲô
бʾľҲͦˣʱΪʱδͰɡ
С±ʾĿǰһ⡷ûŮһţϸеĺ塿
ͩ˶泩࣬Ҳ˾
ϵͳ״̬˱仯ʹ˿һó̡
ѡУϣμӵսĿǣ
A.Բμӡ֮áΪפŮαŮӾԣϷԼİš
B.ƲμӡǣߡΪŮαֳ׳Ա顢⡿
C.ֲμӡޡΪŮαֹͬɽĿŵĻ
[ѡͲһ]
׬Ǯ㻹Ϊʲô
[ҾԲӵȥμӲԵĿֵͦģҲЩŮӾ]
[ҼǱ۵УҲǹ˼ɲֵĸ]
[ҲϴƺѾˣڻûϲ˭ûҪ]
㲻ͲȥμӽĿͲﲻ𣿡
[ڶ˭һͬʵģҰ£ϵȲԸһЩƺӦ֣ϾҲŮ]

[ĿǰԶֻǼɫ⣬ҳúܷԵûӴ˽ңûϲҵ]
[ʱϷ밵й۲죬ԼѡҵŮǣһCPС˵]
ĹΪCall
ͩ΢΢һЦ
ҹĻ٣ֻؼҳˡ
ְֺͻԼͻɩ»޳վͻؼҡ
ִͩһĸȥ³ǿ̣ǻˡ
ͩԥıʾҪݷλɩɩʹ
־һȥ͸λŮ͹ˣûҪսžͿȥ硣
ͩ⻰޵
ҹˣϴСڴֻ
߹ȥ㲻Ҳμӡޡ𣿡
̧ͩһ۾ͼϷΪʲôҲμأ
ڴߣΪҺþûϽĿˣҲϣҺһ
ͩѣҺ̫μӡޡΪҺȲϤֲܣھͷǰĬͶı֣ƺͦѵġ
ֲΪȻǳ˱˴˵岻Ϥ֮⣬ĶϤҺȻƲ÷Ҳʶˡ
⵵Ŀļαǽ鲻һ·ޣǵĬȺֵһͱǵĸߣϷʱҪ϶ȡ
οĬǿģҲǿԼװġȻڼҺܵӣΪʲôڵҲأ
ͩһ㶼̸ŽΪ޵ģûϹôȵùѽ
ϴ˭˵ûϹˣǽʮķޣҲһܹڽĿϱǸĬϡ
ͩӵˣӸסԼĲӣٿҡ
Ƴһ۱ӣ滹ʲôû𣿡
ͩ˶٣Һϵģ˲Ų㿿ҡ
סЦʣҲμӽĿòã
ͩҲסЦ˵ҿһ¿´ȥ
ֲΪѵμƻԵĽĿ
ҲǲŶ
㲻ԡ
Ϊʲô
Ҳͬ⡣
ͩ˵ѡȨϣ͸
ֶҸɡ
ͩЦеĲ˵
ס֣Ϊʲôϲ
ͩӵĳûвϲ
͸ҲμӽĿ
Ҹɡ
ֺĿӣΪ
ͩ룬̲ס
ֿЦʵЦʲô
Ц㣬ûΪʲô
ͩڰ֣ҪˣСӹ򰲰ɡ
ȴȻȥĶ£
ͩ죺£
԰ֿºͲμӡޡҪѡһ
ͩúúЦǼȲֲ.ȥ¸أ
ֱҲ׳˵˭涨ȥ¾ͶǸЩ¶ǿԳɫʳʤ羰൱»ˡ
ͩסЦʣѡأ
ί˵ҲܸȥμӽĿֻܶһȥμӸŮˡ
Ϊʲô
ΪӣҲҽ
Һͱ˸У
Ҳԡ
ҷҪأ
ǾȺ顣
ͩЦЦǺðɣúѡʲô
šڿϹɳǱȥˡ
ͩѾʵĴɳʮӣøڴһġ
ɳȫµģǲֹΪ֮
Ϩ֮ʣǲԤϵǿгܵʱǰԼ׼ɳ
֮󣬲ֲŲȷ˵ǾǿҪڲͬĵط˶


ֵֹͩģͼװԼѾ˯ȥ
ƺҲЩΣЦ˵ǧҲ㲻ֻһˣ
ոˡ
ͩ˸һԡ
֣³ô죿㷿Ҳдɳ𣿡
ͩǣûУ׼̰ɡ
ۣ㲻Եġ΢΢һЦˣС
ͩЦе˵ǴŮ
ŮڹԶС
Ųǹ
˭ǣ
ŮСŮС𣿡
˼ڹԶСŮ
ߣ컬Ĵӡͩ鲻Ľ硣

 11 

գͬһҳ˽˷ɻִ³ǣݼ˻̡
̷ǳŮնźͰЦ𻰡
ͩҲȫ̺ߣһѻӻתҵ棬ִĵתصѧ
֪»޻ûʲô飬ҲһٶǺúùӣһЩݺףԸҸ
ּӣòĵı֤ԼԻϤİͩ۸
̼ȷʵϣ֪ǿ׵ģڰˣȷԼŮµǺõġ
ͷһϣͩš
ͩһ߻һʣվŲ
ž˵õĵأ
ͩ΢Цѽ
ޡɿž
ͩˣҡ
ֹԹƿߡ
ͩϴԼǺñӣɣҽһ㡣
Щ죬ϲʣĴҵĵ̣
ô˵ҵĴ
ͩƿԱߵıӣ
аһЦÿɰ
ţͩ
ϴΪʲô˵ɰ
ͩʣֲŮǣЦôаȰ

޹˵һΪЦаȣаȵЦݺһҲǿ͹ʵ
ͩ
֣ΪʲôֻŮǲЦΪʲôΪŮǣ
ͩ΢΢ͷΪҲŮǣΪҲǡҸղ˵ʲô˯ɡ
ȴס°̧ͷҵŮǣҲҲӦǡ
ͩĿӣϷҡ
ЦһõģԵŮ
ͩȥٶ࿴Ц
鲻Աߡ
ͩʮӲתƽţֲķ˯ˡ
ڰ¿ŶԷ˯գ˵㡣۾˯
ԭٹһͷɻطǣϧȴڴͻ顣
ȫߣܶȹأϧˡ
̺ʹģԴŲԺͲλŮ³ǲμӻ̵
һֱиϵ˴ǰ³ǲμǺġ
ͩײΪʲôҲ²ǲ䵱ġ
ǲҪģϾԭŮһţŮǵļûˣﰲοŮҲǺġ
[ﲻС˵磬Ͳ]
ȻΪϲ㣬ڱ˿Ϊ׷ҲǺġ
[ȻЩѹǺܱˣҲǺ׾ܿ޳ǲеѪˣ]
ֻвּ䣬ûУѪġ
[ǿǲеĮˣϾ۰]
Щ˼ʹǳʹҲܿ޲ûʹްûʮѹ㲻̫⡿
[ôý㣬Ҳ֪ǻ᲻˵һ]
;ݿ޼
[ҾһǾҪͲԴһˣñýҥ]
ʵûΪʲôʱ췹У
[ţѵΪĲ]
ӹ½ṹӦþ뿳ȥµĿܣΪȥˣҲڶȥɽˮ

Ȼٸ֮ǰС˵ɣ˳˳ĺͲԲμӺĿ
[߹Ȼ裬һҺͲԡҺܺ棬һ³ȷ߻ϲ]
Ϊʲôö߻᲻ϲ
[Ϊܶ˶Ůѽ]
һʧ趨أ
[ʲôõģ]
Ĺֻܸ㣬ƺһЩвԵã߾ѡǺģϲֲݵġ

ͩڴҵĿ̵ˮ
ʲôҲûж룬ȴȻ˸Уǡ걻ҵıȾ;̶ˡ
ӣƺõý˵Ѫˡ
ϵλС㿴ӣ޲еۡ
ָᣬ˵ϳػǣֻҪһûʹδȥ
ͩĿʲôõģ
ţе¡
ͩſǻ˵Ҿͦõġ
ֲûסЦţҲͦõģǶúõģҪ̵ġ
ͩ˵ͷҲҲظղ᲻ֹ쳣״̬ˡ
ҹ˾˯ǰȥϴˣͩɴˢ΢
һ룬Į̄ǿա
Ծ￴ͣȴû
ֱͩעӣתͷ˲ԡ
Ŀͩġ
ͩҲĺĿӣϢڱ˴֮䷢͡
ڲҪ˵֮ʣҵſˡ
ͩĵͷƺԵеš
ĽŲҲ˻Ŀһ۲תȥ
ֳˣͩͷվ̨ϣΪΪ̶ѹ
߹ϸڰ˳䣬˯ɡ
ͩԼˣ˵㡣̧ͷ΢΢һЦʲôҲ˵
ǣִĳĬϴ˯
ͩİп컨塣
[ֳѰڣ˵Ļ̨ʣ԰ɣ]
ǵġ
[ղһҲͲԶôã۾ǲܿƣΪţһһĸо]
[ǺһҪɫԭͻͩճɾӣһһ˵]
[ҾıڰźӴһǵѵİ]
ΪˣҪıǺѵģܵԭӰϲǺġ
Ҫ׸ı䣬ֻҪ㹻ŬԼᰮ
[ΪʲôҪɷѿġµʹԼϲأ]
ûǿҵҪԭ飬Ǿ͹ԹԽܰ¡
[ĿǰڸĺòֵĽ֣Լļ޸ӵĽܹһЩۺ]
ƫںͲ
[ʱûͷֻǻûдԭ͸ߵļƻ]                        
лҪ˵Ϣղ֧(ޣߣ)

 12 

糿ͩһ˯ۣԼȻµĲƺϡ
ѡУΪ˭A.ԣB.ƣC.֡
ͩⰲŲ³ǣӦҪһʵĳġ
ڹҪˡ
[ѡA]
һգ۵ĹͩԼĹţ֤̰Ĺ̡
ҴѡѾصڡ

ʲôڣ
ͩ˯߲˻԰ɢģڲƺϷʱ˲ơ
İοҪ̫ѹֱ֮³סһʱ䣬˳սĿ
ͩʾʾϣܹúõģջعһӡ

[ôҵ̨ʹֵֹģ]
̲ġ
[ⲿô£]
ڴֻдһ仰³Ŀ
ݺľ飬Ҳǲ뿪ҵʱ㣬ǿռ˸á
ѡ˾͸ϷǼдϡѡ˾һʴⲿ֣Ҫἰһ¡
[ΣգԺ󾭳ѡĻǺܶϷݶɾˣ]
ҲɾֻǶԹûӰڡ
⣬ڴȴǴɲϸдϵЩڣѡ˾ֱѡ˾ҪִС
[]
磬ڶӵ£ĹΪĸ˻ԣѡ˲֣ǴģôԭǿԳԵԵڲòͲһ߽ǰ߼¼ϡ
[˵Է⻷ǴɲϸдģԾûӰģΪʲôͳͳأ]
Ϊѡˣýѡ֮ҪԵ
[ȻǴɲϸдĲ֣ΪʲôҪѡأֱɾ⻷ھͺ]
Ĺ˵һ⡷ĴٷǳԼʹߴݸдµһƺԾûʲôӰĻҲȻҪﾡá
[ĻìܰȻҪﾡãΪʲôѡ˳ԷĶֱأ]
ֱдڣֻǻһʴϸдѡˣ͵ƽܳͷѡĽ
[֪ѡ˾߾ѡֱߵĸ]
ϸдıҪ̶ȣƺͻͩ𡱵ڲǱҪϸ¼ϵģϸдĻʡ
ͩҲǷǱҪϸдģϸдγˮˣԾһʴ
[ѡ˶ִϸ¼ϾͲγˮˣ]
ľʾͲˮˣ벻ľϲЧ͵ˮˡкܶ࣬ĶС
ͩˡ
ม
ͩ˷ǡ
ҹڷߣϴصɳ׼˯ȴûС̺ӡ
ͩĴ̣ڴ˯ǰ㰲ؼԶ
ۺЦĿΪ
ͩӣ˵ȱһʱҸϣһֱ˯ɳ
˵Ļó֮ˮĪ÷ˡ䣬һԾ˴ϡ
ͩ󴲵
˳ƵߣһЩ
ͩڲ˵еɣ
ֲͷüˣС֡
ߣͩ췭
ֿˣֲǹġ
㲻ǹģ
ҲǹҪġ
ͩƽŵֿô
ֶ
ͩգգۣңĿϢ
ԱߣҺҿôĹ·
͡
ֺͩЦԼȵңҶҪͺϿɡ
º͵ĿҲ֪ʲô
ͩ۾˵ˡ
֣֡
ͩȻ۾ʲô
֣ǰȻ㡣
ͩٵ۾ת
Ϸң
Ҫȥɩ𣿡ҲƽűĿϢ
ͩԥһ£һȥɣǹգƶ棬һŮҲͦѵġ
ЦЦŮǶƣǲŮһУϲŮ˶ա
ͩתԭˡ
ˣ
ղ˵ѽ
΢Ц˵ϲǷĵġĶġʼġ˵һҳ㣬
ͩĪ˵ԾͲϲ氡
[Һ˵˲˵ģ]
Ȼû˯⡣
ͩ˽ԣ
ͩ˵Լֻǿ˲ͷϵϢ֪߸趨ǲŮֻŮĵ
Ҳ˵Ҳ˽ֻǿĬָӣƺŮ˲Ȥ
ǣ˸Ȥ
ͩҡͷǾֻϲҵ
ס֣Բ㺰磬ΪʲôĽ㣿
ͩһԼס֣ͬͬ³ģҶˡ
֣Ϊʶ˰֮ǰһδϵֺ
ͩһֻÿһָΪʲôҪҺĽ֣
ָһĻصϣֵֹġ
һҪأ
һҲԣϹҲֻˡ
ͩţȻЦüĺǶˡ
ַſ֣ңҳ㡣
ͩϱӡ                        
лҪ˵ûа̫(*////////*)
ʱΪϾŵ

 13 

磬үСƺڼ
ͩϺСһȥݷòҵĸλ̫̫˴˵ӡ
Կɿǣƹ֮ҡؼͥˣӢ޸˴Ӳ
̫̫ȫְ̫̫ⲢնڼӻԺ֡
żȦĿǻʱԼϲ顣
Ǵ󲿷ֶǸȤˣٲֻѡԼóʵԼʱ䡣
ڸԵ϶ôôǶҪҺڣûҵѹ
ǵѹһԴԼӫĻǷ˹ʡǷûˣǲǶˣҪҪһӻŮ
ǵĵһ㶼ɷСšС鸾СĴٵ⡣
֮˵ȫְ̫̫ΪһƺӴ·ˡ
ǻָܵеĺŲ̫̫ʱڼҪ࣬൱ڴ̫̫ĪùҵģֻȤ֡
еĺŲԼ̫̫ǷԼҵҪǸӣѺ֮ӣҲ˵̫̫ҪѹԴ
ߴ֮Ҷ̫̫ǵҪ͸ˡ
̫̫ԼȤã̫̫ǻѴʱԺֺͽӦ꣬ȴ̫̫й
ϲݵĿԲμӸֱݻȴ֮ܽǹԷ̫̫ǲմҡ
ͩȦǼȿɰֿɺޡ
ڴԿɿ˵ڲҵ̫̫һǳ˵顣
ҲһȰյҪһӳӵ˲ڲ᯳첻
ͩԿɿͷϵϢ֪һ
ͩԿɿɴ³زѪࡢ˲֮ӪƷƽҲһ⡣
ٷ˵һԶŮҲ˳߶ǡ
Կɿ΢Цѵһˡ
ӦõġͩЦӯӯ˵Ժ󲻹û¶ʱңҺܺദġ
Կɿҡҡͷҵϱ²ƽﶼԸĸס
ͩ΢΢һЦ
ܼԹԿɿɳʵݲϸ¶ȵĲ񱨱
ͩƼԿɿĲı뿪ڸǾͼε̾̾
Կɿɷ±ͱۣŰԽԽˣһ¾ˮӪ
ܼ飺ҿҪ̫̫ÿȦ֧򱨸ǩͬ˲ſ֧ȡʽ𣿡
ԿɿۣǰҲҲ֦ìһղһղͣ
ܼ˵Ȼʾ֦Сֻһˮܿү˽Ǯ๫أ֧Ӧñٷ˵Ļࡣ
Կɿͷ۵İĦ̫Ѩ
ͩҪڲģúܡ
ܼҲͷǰˣЩʵС£Ϊķ
Կɿ̾һ⵱ҷˣһնҪϸüֻǽ꾫ǰˡ
ͩĴͬãϥ³л֣֮ɩҲʮТ˳ɣҪſİ
ԿɿЦЦͰ˵ҿС󣬾ݼĺúӣʮϲ
ɩǸ׵ģֻܸЩݺݺԴףǮˮʺϰҹܼҡ
ɩŴµķϵˣ֮ǰҲ̬˵ܼҡ
ɩǸһȽ˳ףλɩǰƵû
һʣǷԸⳢԸһҷǽѣ
ͩû뵽Կɿô˦
ֱӾܾƽҪ¼Ŀ֮⣬ƺû̫Ҫæ
[ͩƽڼʲô]
ͲüĿ顿

[ģ趨ڼʲô]
㻹û¾飬ܾ͸
ֻͩ۵µشˣﵱҪңҲԸһ֮ҲȷԼܲá
Կɿ΢΢һЦֻҪԸⳢԾͿˣѧûϵ
ͩҲЦЦǾָˡ
ڡ¹ݡԹⷽԿɿ˺һӣͩԹ緹뿪ˡ
˵ٷݣʹСȥ˶ٷǱߡ
ٵӽλǺǵңѧмߵ
μҶŮλһ֪ĴŮǰ׷ӲȳǧҪ١
ٶһټ飬ʮ
λƺһֱŮûϲ١ҲһЩԭŲòңĪùֻоĺųޡ
Ȼʮֳ谮ƺҲЦݣһ֮ý岢ûжǵĸۡ
ͩٹݡʱλڻ԰￴飬ﻹһֻ˹è
λվӭͩ¶һĨǳȴʮֺÿЦݡ
ˡ
ɩ簲ѽ
ŮǲҪͩλȻʶٽԶһ
ɩϲҺʮ飬ϣϲ
λ۾һ£ӹ鿴ֿ
ʵҲײ飬Ǿģǰ껨˴󹦷Ū֣̫ˣǳл
ϲͺãͩЦе˵֪綼ҵɩӣԺ֮ǰⶩ档
λ΢΢һЦ̫ˣлл㣡
Ŷͩû뵽һСʱͿ˶ٷ˵ǳЦ
ͦҲͦгɾ͸еġ

 14 

ͩٷڵġƯݡ
Űǳǵĸ֮ңӵڸгɫı֡
ŰŻǰһֻԺֵǧС㣬ѧҲֻ̣Ȧͷûһ֮
СԶŷ˵ı׼Ἰ赸ȴûرڡ
ڽӦѾ㹻ˣοעǺ̫̫ѹҪسʣżӫĻ϶һˡ
˵Űǵ͵ĺ̫̫һһ֪ʲôݵˡ
ٸһĵطڣ˶ôᳯôȴôô
ҪһӺݻͼ˾лʺʡ
δʺͬҪʹˡ
ŰŻӺͶС
һԶŮ֮ûҪӵ뷨˼ȻȻļ˶Сսϡ
ĿǰСѾСΪӲС֦ؼסˣ̫̫֮Ĵڡ
֦ǲԵĽ㣬ǲƵĽ㣬Ҳǲֵı㣬Ϊĸǲֵľ˾ˡ
ͲӲһչϽԵģ֪˲Ӳ֮󣬼ȿѹ
ûжϲʮи֮ȴΪӲǲҴүкøС
ڲӲͱʯͺ׷һ֦꣬޷˵ĳ˲ŰŻĵߡ
Ӳ֮󣬾ؼסţͼ֮
ȻŰź֦ľͻһжûгκ˺
ӲŮ˶ڼסƺû͵Ĵ̼У֦ᵽıסš
֦ȴ뿪ׯ԰ͯҳǱ칬ʮʺס
Ӳû취ֻüŮ˵ǹйӡ
ͩ̤ͿŰź֦ӵۡ
СϣС¸ԡ
ͩ΢Цǣɩ֦㣬Ƕڰأ
Űźɫĵͷ
֦˲Цݣͩһ˵ȥתתء 
ǺǣҺ˵ĳһҪȥء
ŰŻ˸󷽵ˣͩһѺõ
ͩЦеĵӴһĸŰţСһĸ֦
֦Цʣѽʲôأ
ͩǻͷԼ
Űӣ֦
֦Ҳ
ŰŲ𿪺ϵװ֦Ҳ˺ӡ
ͩ
Űóһıʯ׹֦óһµʯ
ͩ΢ЦҸݶλصϲѡģϣϲ
ŰЦ˵Ǵ󷽵ƴллݱҲһġ
ͩЦһЦؿ
֦ҲЦ˵ͩǵģллҲһݱġ
ŰųЦʯƯҲʵڵмֵĳһûǸʵһŲƤңٺÿҲֻǲۡ
֦ЦεļֵӦװ磬βղءνĸֻǲڼĹŶƯ־òܻӭΡ
ŰЦֻѡһ󲿷˶ԸⱣղƷ
֦ЦУҾˣҸϲ֦չɽˮҲԸ뷿Ů
[Һ]
ͩһ£ʵϵСʯûдŵôмֵ࣬ʮҲǼ۸񲻷Ƶġ
Űź֪Լղ˵Ļƺ̫׵
ðҲ˵ﲻãֻĳ˲ųԲѷ
֦֪ͩ϶̫ƫģĳ䡣
ͩЦЦһҪȥɩǱ߿һ
ŰվԺ󲻱ظɩôһҲҪְ֮ģҡ
ͩͷõġ
֦ŤŤ˵ͩҸղű۸ˣҪ㰲οܺ
ͩЦһЦĬ
֦˫ַס򣺡㲻Ҫ֦ˣ㺰Сɩòã
Űŷ˸ۣãСɩӦƵӡ
֦˵ƵͩɩҲСɩ
Űţɩ̫ӦýСɩ
֦ҲܣͩɩӺСɩԡ
ŰţҾ㱻СͦģɩֻǲһĸҲơ
֦һ£ֻܹЦͩ
ŰޱĿͩ
[лһ龰ѡ⣡]
Ĺʾ
ͩЦɩСɩټ
ͩûпǵı飬һˡ
Сϸ㱨չ
֦СЦˣ̫̫ƺû֦С䳰ȷ
֦С㲻Цˣ༥ĸ̫̫졣
ͩεû뵽һȥ
СϣҾǳ̬ǹΪġ
ͩʣҸղŵıô
Сԥ˵޿ɺǣʵĲã̫ΪˡպȦƵҪԲһ㡣
ͩʣҸղҪҪСɩ
Сϣׯ԰ƺΪ֦С㣬ûкΪ̫̫ƫղʲôֱӸǡ
ٲȻͻԭĳƺΪС̫̫Ǵ󣬺߲ǲýȢĹϱһġ
ԺͲ̫̫Ҫ顢ٵĳϡദʱ䣬ƶȸ֦СҪ࣬ӹģʵӦվڲ̫̫ߡ
ͩⷬеա
Сϰο̫̫Ҳͨˣ֪ȷʵΪˣӦòƽǡ
ͩ΢΢ü
С΢Ц̫̫ҪˣСׯ԰ﲻҳݣǰ̫̫̫̫Ҳڲֹ̫̫ƵͷͶûʲôˡ
ͩͷţȥɩǱ߷һɡ
ǰˣɵҶڡӹݡĻ԰ֻιʳϡ
ĺǣһȦ˻ݣ塣
ذҵֵ֮ͼ޸үɣĽа˸ˡ
ĺ̫̫ΪϢӰ֮ǰǵС
СȦﳤȴѵñһŵŰ顣
ҽԺ˲ɣ˴˺ܿͻϲˡ
ɸףӦѸ׹밮ӡ
̸͹¹ϵһá
ҶͯǳݼŻò棬ٴƴ꣬ΪӰҲǴ´ģѡӢ顣
ȻΪԼԱЩѹҲĸԸڲȫְ̫̫ͦĿǰ
ˣˣë˵
ҶתͷȥЦӭͩ
ͩ͸һЩиԵĺӤõĶ
ɩףͱƽ⼪顣
лл
Ҷӹ￴˿ͽ֮Ӷ˶ţǣͩǰ
͸ҵģɫֻɫֻƻ
ˣǺðҽͩ
ëģͩͩ
ͩЦе˵оСӡ
Ҷӣ΢Цʱ䰢Ӧûˣֹһòͣ
ͩÿУ΢ϸַϢ
Ůصûӣһ˽
ͩвڲ࣬ĪҲЩû֮ǰȥݷŮʱĽź;ִˡ
ҶҲ̫̫Ѻ飬ĸ࣬ʲôⶼĶܽӣò䳡
ͩͣת硣

 15 

ͩѾƷ΢ţϿҵΪԼϯǣߡʾǸ⡣
˵ѲµͩһȻеʧȻܸͩѡ˲μӡޡ
ͩҲůģɵ˯˸þ
ճԹֳͣˡ
ӹݡͩ档
ͩеŵڿкĿʱڱĵطҶ
ȴĿתעͩ
ţͩ΢΢Цš
ʣԸȥǲμӺ֮𣿡
ͩ˵ʵҲͦĿҾûǸһȽϺСҲѾҴӦ˽Ŀ顣
ʧ˵ͬûǩͶԸĵġ
ͩЦ㲻ӵݸǧСһŮѵĽɫֵͦ𣿡
ҡͷŻнĿЧҲ϶Ϸ
ͩͷ˵ϣܹһμӷ޵ҲòĸܶȥôԶĵط
ԳĬ
ͩϷˢ΢ˣɲȴûҪߵ˼
Ľ㣬㲻ȥ˾ϰ𣿡
ϲ㺰ԡ

ͩڲǰͺ֣ڲǰͺƺ
ڳأ
ͩ
ԣ˾дڣƺҪʱءĿǰҪȦȦ
ͩͷ
ԣ֮áĿǰܹעգҵһĿܹʵܲݣҲûлȶȡ
ͩǸ˵ޡĿѾ֪ҪˣͬҲѾ͵׼ϸһǩˡ
Ȼ֮ǸǳбĽĿҲǵĸһȥǻõۡ
οҲϣҺˣƺӦúһ𡣡
ĺźڴһܹкĻᡣ
ԻȰͩƺѾҲΪ
վ˵ǰȥ˴ӣƵӺ̵ӦöȥΨǶû㡣
ղײգھ͸ȥ򹫹߿˳緹ɣ
ͩʵڲȴֻܴӦˡ
ɳҳģСܵѬգ߱һĻ
Ϊԭ趨ΪϲȴȻ츳񹦵ס
ͩδϲĲƣСҲ˽飬Ͳ˹ͬ⡣
涼ǰͰˮǼϧĸо
Բ˸еҺͽȻԼң޷õ֮Ӧеĳɳʧȥ˸ͩĻߺޡ
ͨμһЩȶȼߵĽĿԼרڹ˾ıߣͼѲֺͲӲҵͷ
ĿһǼʲֶӱϣΪ˵õͩΪ˼̳ӴĲҲҵ
Ȼҵ治ֶҲǸڸ鷽ȴרһ顣
ˣͩûΪĲͲųĴʺͻŮ
ͩϲֶ˶رȴΨ谮ԼΪ
[Ϊʲôҹڲֵ飿]
Ϊʱ
ͩ׿Ƿǹ󲿷ŮӶϲ²£ֲɡ
㷢ɰ
Ѿüһ裬΢΢Цעͩ
ͩеΣ˼㵯̫ˣҲ֪ͱӴ˻档
ۺЦʣҪͷ𣿡
ͩҡҡͷʵҪǹҺ׾¡
ԣĻ𣿿ϧ϶ûҡ
ͩһԺǲҪĺá
ԼĬ˵ŪˣҺѾǰˡ
զ
ͩû뵽ôֱӣЦҲһˣǻҪǰȽϺá
[˵ʲôҾҸղӦһЦ֮ģҲ]
ȻûУΪ㲻μӽĿѽ
˵ɼ죬ʹҿ˸޴ЦҲȻܹŤת档
ǽܻᷢ⣬ǺŽ׳ģȴǿ־˽ǡȻԡܡ
ͩ
עŮİС˵ǵҲƣ֮ӣ㣬վҵŮǡ
ͩ
[ڼӸô]
ֱӱףǲǺܰԵ
[ţԾȻô͵Ϸ»ˣ]
ȷʵͦݵġ
Ƽͩƺܵ˾ȴҲ㵭ӣЦЦ߰ɣǳԷȥ
ޡͩӾһӾлͷ˲ͿԻصԼҵĴϡ
ϧȻòڲ԰ﲨһûθڵ͡
ҹĻ٣ֻؼˡ
ӺСнӹޡͬ鿴˿΢Цͩǰ
Ȼǰҵġ
ŲǣֻӦ˷˿ԸھͷǰϷ
ͩɳϣ̬ʮְ
ֵϥԣ΢Цʣз˿ˣ
⻰ʵģоھϲС
ͩNɪ˵Ȼˣӻ쿪ʼҾערȦ΢˺ţֱѾһ˿ˡ
ЦЦ
ͩ˵һ˿ûнʬҲû΢̣ʵĸû
֪ˡۺЦʣʲôʱҲμӽĿģ
ͩתת飬˵
С΢Ц̫̫ڰݷλٷϸ˵ҪϵĿġ
ס֣ͩΪʲôŸҾϲ
ͩ΢Цų֡
֣ôԣҪʲô
ͩ룺ҪҪ
ԡűߣںͬǩ֡
С˺ͬͻص˷ΪĿ׼
Ųһ㣬ֻ΢ݹȥ
ŵǳʲô
ͩͩ͡Ҳֻ
ѰԼӵ˺ţ˹ע
ͩҲԹԻعҪҵСȡˡ
ֹȻбһǳΪͲˡ
ȻעͲ
㡣
ְͩСŷԼϡ
ͩȴ˫ץסˡ
ͩеĲ˲ΪʲôץҵĽţ
ûΪʲôŪĽš
ͩ
ۺЦĿĦס
ͩϴĸоŪ˫ˮʹеίͰ͵ġ
н𣿡
ûС
ͷſҡ
š
ͩ㵽Ҫ
޹ʣŵĽţ𣿡
Ųͬ档
ðɡ
ַſվŵĻ
ֵֹͩģ˵Ҫš
һ߽⿪Ŧһ˵ûж
ͩһһΪʲôҪ·
ϴ衣
Ǿȥԡ¡
ЦЦҵĹһһν⿪ŽԸеļ米뿪ͩ߷Χ
ͩɫ.Լ
[ߣҲûôױŮɫҶ㴹ߣ]
ʾ㿴ֵġ
[˵ǲᲥЩɫ]
ٺٺ١
бʾͲԵĶϷΪĸоǸܲǿưС
[]
С±ʾ뿴㱻λɩѹեӡ


 16 

¼ơޡ֮ǰͩ϶ŲһۿڽĿ
СҲ׼ˡϲϰߡֲԾҪǾǱ˴˵Ϣ
ͩдԼÿһ⣬תСӡˢּ䡣
д¹ԼϢҲֻǿһͩΪֲᡣ
ͩĬ˺üֲֵᣬƺĵģɵþ
ϲʲôɫ
ɫ
ʲôʳ
ѳԵġ
Ƿ⣡
ޡ
ͩȻҲǺܲõھǾҲÿһڶڵһϣѿ˽ĿЦǡ
ֿ۾˭ҳЦǣҴǵȡ

ͩģ㲻ǳЦҲ϶Цǡ
΢ЦЧĿҲпͷ
ֺͩģҲÿζں棬Ժͱһû˭ɼġ
ְοⲿֻеһСΣҪڽĿϷûҪÿһǵôֻҪÿһˡ
ͩҲǡ
˵ÿһζԣѿҲΪǰ׼õġһżżЦ㡣
ðɣȻо顣
ͩ΢΢ͷǲܱ֤úܺãڴŸá
̧ͷοҪ̬ȣƺϵĸоҲϲ
Ҳ֪ǲڽĿϵı֣ǲҵϲúϰߣﲻܡ
ǳˣҲǸˣҲֻ˵˵һϴ̬ȶûС
ҾͻģΪҿĳ⣬ֻܿΪȡֶòЭΡ
Ҹջ𣬸Ӳˬ
ͩԽ˵ԽίҲ֪ԼΪʲôô֡
[ûоҺܽ飿]
ðɣǾؿ㡿
üĿϿҵ˵ԲҲǲϲúϰߣرġ
ģҿһͼסһ롣
ȫǵãڽĿϵϷۼ̫ˣϣܹ㱣һЩ桢غ̽
Һܸܸ˵˽뷨Ժ¡
ͩŴŴʣ㲻Ҹղе
ҡҡͷһҲãǿɰĻʲô˵ʲôǿɰ˵ġ
̲ͩסЦЦ
΢΢ƽӣǻûԾô鿼⣬Ҿܼסֲһˣİɡ
ͩЦе˵ԭѧϰƫˢ⡣
ּƺָʣҲ
ţϣõ̫̫ƺ𣿡
̫̫佱Ϊһȵʢ䣬ǰպþ˵쾺ѡʽĿǰѾһΪѡˡ
ܹͩõ조̫̫ƺţͿڵ߽ѡ֮λ̫̫һȡˡ١
˴ǰʮͺʮޱһŮһ
ڹŴǻʺھ˵Ĵڡ
Ϊ̫̫ǵѡ˵ΨһǰᣬȦӼᱨμӣʵĶϣ˽٣ûʵҲڲ롣
õһ̫̫ݣŮ͵ڸ涼ֵʮ㡣
Ȧ̫̫ǣҪĿӮöΪѡҪȫͶƱġ
ĹͩݴʾûܳΪ̫̫Ǻġ
Ϊƺ԰ӫĻҲΪڻԷΪļ޸ԣע롰̫̫Ե
ͩѡ׼ôߡıôѣѶԡ̫̫ϣҲˡ
λһ±ʾѡ̫̫ǺõģԿĹǰѽ֧֮С
ͩȤôһ
[ҿѡҪ֧]
ȻԣΪʲôһԾͷأ
[ΪҾóɹļʺܵ]
ҲԽѽɹ׬Ǯʧ˾־͸
[͸]
ԭӦø֪һ趨һξ顿
֧һɼõһԼľ͸ԹֵҲкܴĻá
ͩȤ࣬Ȼûġ
֧߻ûʱԺúÿǣŬȡǵùҹɡ
[õ]
ͩعͷûĸ̫̫ĲҪ٣ҲرоãûҲν
ּôã֪ϣΪ̫̫ȴûġ
΢΢һЦģһ߾ȫɨƽ·ϵϰܻٽǮپҪɴϵĹ
ͩ￴ϣůůġ
Ϊʲô˵ҪǮ
֣ΪָӰ㵱ѡ̫̫Ĳۺ鷳ʱ˲µģʱľֹġ
ԻǮˮӪƹͻ¸ý塢ȡԴضǱҪĳֶΡ
ͩԥʣֵҪôǮͶôྫǵͷ
΢ЦȻֵãŬĹУջ񵽺ܶ࣬оͰģҲܻø㡣
ܹΪ̫̫ⲻ㡢ҵҫҲǲҵĽǷ֮⡣
ͩĪҪŬӮˡ
˵Ҳ̫ѹΪûЩڵĳƺźͱǩҲȻװ̫̫ˡ
ҲȻҵĹ١ҵĽҵŮ񡣡
ͩɬˣ΢΢ͷĿ⡣
Ϊʲô˵ЩĲģҾú鰥
Ƥ
ָıת뿪˷䡣
ţͩôû⻹û˾أ
ʾӦǴСﳤġ
ͩ΢΢ЦЦÿɷ

 17 

ǣߡѾ˵һڣӻԡ
ƵŮǺܼҵǧСС
ѾŮӵˣСĸǰλŮ̳г֮λ
ܴǳÿħλȡԴҲһֱɫʺ׸÷Ůӡ
ֲܴƲǲѪʧΪһ÷ѡǰδȥϤ
Сʵֻ֣ĸ׺ͽ㶼Ҫ׸ŮҲƺ飬һֱûױ⡣
ӣģȴϿ϶Բֵİ⡣
ӽİμӡǣߡѸӵһ֧ͲƵCPۡ
ֻҪҲ˵Ľ
ǣߡ֮ԼŲΪԤ⵽ȶȱȲϡ֮á͡ޡ
Ŀڰ֮ڲţҲͬڵģǣߡΪʲѿȾƺС
ߵĽĿеЩѹ
Ƶŷԭ˸ԼҰCPģԴǲҵ֮ŷ۵Ŀľʹˡ
ǾòƵλѾҵˣûȢţ͸ˡ
֪ԼҰֻΪ˽ĿЧźС壬ҲûзκβõֹCPԼԼҰͷ˿
˻еֲ֧ƺСһ
ΪСǺܼҵǧ𣬵λͷǲҵСһġ
߽ŵԣƼʹҪ׸ܼңҲǼõĻ£ΧĿǰҾ춼Ҫ
ҲʧΪһֵףϲ¡
ƷԼķ˿ĬСչϵ࣬Ȼͩ
ͩȴֻԼڡޡı֣ϣܹΪ̫̫һĺͱϡ
[Ŀսʲô]
һ㶼ˣҲûŮ⻷ĸĿܹϲδ֪Ŷ
[Ů⻷]
Ǻ֮ʮпͷĽĿ״㣬Ϲļˣ׬˹עȡ
[ǸʲôĴڣҪɫ]
δܹϢ˵˳˺գĪøòֵľ͸
ͩ⻰µӦǸҪŮ䣬Ϊͦġ
[Ůָ֣йأҲԭҪŸԵһ]
Ը꡿
[ԭһŮϲôҪŮĿԷǳ]
[Ӧûľǿȴã˺ͩҲܻڽֽ׶εõϴף߾ɺ޿]
Ϊֺ;費ǶŮ䣿
[ţҲܻǻͩѣΪֹĿǰһûֻͩĹ˭]

[ҲûзֶŮ˭˵ⱾС˵ŮԽɫô࣬жŮڵĿͦ]
[һɲĸŮϲԭŮǹ֮һ]
Ϊʲô˵ǻ֮ͩһ
[ΪڻͩЩŮƺУΪԲӵݴڵģҲһˣЩŮ˶в]
ٺ٣㲻Ҫȥ֪ʱܻ֪úôɡ
ͩգգۡ
ޡڶһ¼ƿʼˡ
ͩһױ磬ȴѵû
ͩ˯տ˼ӣȻƿӡ
ˣܿˡ
㸺ľУҾͲ⻯ױˡ
ҪȫڿģҲôɢ
Ȣ˸ԵŮؼҡ
һЦ´¡
ֲͩǹ˵Ů
ִȤʣΪʲôǹΪ˭ǹΪʲôһǹȢŮ
ֲǰٿȫ飬ҪشʮΪʲôͩţȥϴѽ
߽䡣
ʮӺ󣬵ںСϵĴ֮
ͩպóͣȴҪ͡
ֻͩöһͣͣԼͲֵʳסС
ֻصҪװţټ³ǰҿ
ţҽ촩ʲôȽϺá

ͩû뵽ֺԼšˣҲ޿ɺǣϾƺܱһ㡣
봩׾׿ϲʲôʲôѡʲô
ͩòھͷǰ֡
׷װͩǰҶԱȣĸ
ͩ濴˿ɫװɣһ㣬ɫǸ̫ˣʺϰ࿪ᡣ
룬һ׷װ
Ҵһ°ɣҲ봩һ̡
ɫͦõѽͩ³ɴ䡣
վ͸ôʲôҪĿʱ䡣
ۺЦĿ˵
ͩĿ⣬Լѣ˺СϵȷҪִϡ
֮󣬷뿪ׯ԰ĿӪαϡ
ͩǾȻһģڿ˻᲻Ұˣƣ
֣˳ӦòᲥʱı֤ûаĺˡ
һԳפαɳ֮úޡĻͳ½塣
αҲ壬ȲϲҺ͹żȦĶλ
ұ˴˺ʶһ£ͰյҪԼ
Ļ򸾱Ȳַ곤꣬ȷԣǺãһżα顮廨ޡ
ܸڡޡĿҼ棬ǽ߸ˣĿΪ
ְѷȨͩ
ͩ΢ЦҺãǶżα顮軨ޣʮˡ
ޡĿΪ˶£ϣÿĵͬʱҲЦڳлл֧֣жϲ
ŰŵĵܵȱȻ˻֣ǣżα顮Ƚϡ򸾣Ÿʮˡ                        
лҪ˵Ϣղ֧ѽ(ޣߣ)

 18 

αǶҽ֮󣬵һϷʼˡ
ǱȪ죬ۿɷڸ跿ƴ
ɷݳͬʮ׸ߵλúȾƣλҪȹһ󱭵ơơ
ֳ費ܵҲһӮΡ
ȴˮݳϤĸʱżܹܵĴξơ
һ㣬Ŀǰ΢״̬
͸ԼױĹУ˵Լɷʶ̻²ɷճ
ƺһµľãһڸ²ɷƺ̫ãƫڽ.¡
ɷǶһſʼ裬Ǿ;ſʼݽ
ͩǰλĻǸ۾Ľ¶ô˵µЦеš
ȷԼ̸ֵʱ۾ܷǡܷкΡܷۡ
΢΢һЦҺ÷СͶס
Ƕÿ꺮ٶԼһദ졣
ΨһҪ²۵ǣ컬ིһЩûûĻһǱȽϰɽ˺ĵġ
ŰŵĵϱСأС㶼˵ʲôɬĻ
ͩЦ˵˵ǿɰŮˣΪǿɰǿɰĻǿɰġ
˵֮ͯ䣬ǵ黰ԣ꼻̻Ļ
˵ŮԶС
ŶǶЦ
½壺С㽲ЩʱʲôͷΧǲǸ
ͩе㺦ˣǰҲͻûˣǺȻðһζ黰ƤǿЦͦġ
СҵǾͦõģÿ춼ЦһЦҼǸȣͱġ
ͩ˵óжﰮʵһЩͦõġ
СЦЦ
ȵ½Ҳ˵껰ˣҾһȥװױڶʮλȺԱм̨
λɷӸ跿ǱߺȾƳԭתʮȦĄָ̇Լһλ
ͩǵڶģһλĳ½ѾĻϳˡ
ǲҪָͩڵλá
ȻûȻеƮƮȻġ˼鶼ǴµŮǣԷֱ˭ͩ
ʱһһĹȥݴߴΣֲŲȷָ̧
ͩ˺ɫɴɵļٷ۾Ͷͷ¶
ŵСȭȭϣ׼
ʵǲֲ¶ˣڿȻǻЦġ
Ϊֵ״̬˾ƣȴһֱ޷ȷ˭»ӡ
ͩϲֲϤпԭģҵѶȽϿɣѹģüĿжϡ
⵽ԼѡеλŮһסȭͷʱһ
ϵָͩڶŵλŮҵͩ
ƺ˿ҲЦ
ͩȻежվûйԼڴ
ȻһʱǸҲλûѡӵҪÿһЩ
軨¶Դ˻Ǹеġ
гϢԷڼ䣬Ƕֵ٩ͩ˵Ļ
ЦЦȷʵǳǳģΪ˸Žһӵ黰
ͩ˷ŵ硣
ͩСıһˣԴе㱣Щȡ
ٽαֳССȻ´ʡϷһźͶԳפαߡ
廨ǱȽϤ˴˵֫Ժ
軨Զ󡢻Ϸҡ
Ҷ٩˵һֱĬһĲ´ϷھͷĪˡ
ͩϲϣܹͨĿﵽҪ
ϰ˵ˣ¼ƲŽ
ͩ׵صׯ԰ʱǾŵ㡣
ȱȷվסˡƯݡںͲַ򸾻صׯ԰ȥһ
ͩǳ˵ҹӽ¼Ƶĵճ飬ͦĵġ
ΪջҪ¼ƽĿȱȺͷСδˡ
ͩԡ裬Լġ
[ͩμӺ֮ҲͦȤİɣ]
֮͵ǧСأ
[]
ûдͩ飬ֻдͲڽĿ¼ڼ͸仯
ꡱԡžȻˡ
ͩϽ˭
ɫԡ͸ˮһŮ˸ӰӲԶֻǵӰ
ԡֽ⿪ѡ
ͩյ˵ϴ谡
ֲȥ㣬οҲл˵
㿴ңûҲý
ԥʣڳȥ
ͩҪ˵ʲô
ס

֣Ҳס
ͩʲô
֣ôռѵһܻǿİ£İŮӡ
ͩһʱ޻
֣ܶԡңҲǷҪ㣬׽һ㡣
ͩҶͬһŴˡ
֣ҽ֮ǰҲ֪ԡģҷû͵˼ֻǾһϴԹϵܵ㡣
ͩ΢΢ͷ
߳ԡҡ
ͩҲ׵صȴûпκˡ˰СʱϨ˯
ֻңȴɳϸԼСë̺
ͩղ˵ʲô
ûۣμӶٸʲô͵ĽĿǷճδɩǵìܺ͹ϵ
ںˣջҪ¼һ죬ǹٺú̸̸ɡ
ͩüʵΪʲôϣ
󣬲ҿ㡣ַ˸˯ɣԺ󲻻ôåˡ
ͩȴеܡ
ƺûдȴܾöԲ֡

 19 

ڶ¼ǣɷӴΣֳʮȺڴ֡
ɷȥֲ̳ͬѣڳݳѡʳʳ
ͩ鵽ʳǼ
ϲ˵Ѽ桢ǵȻɰ
½ͿСϺϳ˿
Ƕ֮ˣСַſڣƺ
е⿣еǰΪ̫̫׼޲ѧˣƷҲ
ζȴұ֤ˡ
ͩǻԵģŮǵµĲȱʳ
Լķֳݣÿӷ޶һ
Ϊڲô֣ԴҶǺܽţԵɿڵľͿһ䣬ЦһЦ
ֵһƷԼӵʳܲ
ͩЦݣԼҲãƬƺΪҲ֮ɢˡ
Īò־һСӣżҲҪһġ
˶Ҫھͷǰӽô¡
ҾԹԵɰЦӤǳʺ㡣

ִĵȻʵӤӤĿͨ˯¡
ͩƼ̫̫Ҳ͵Ц޿κΡ
ʲôӶɰģοҪߵԸ·ߣҪڹǰ󡣡
ָϽչʾڶ׷װ
ڶģҾķǳԸУ׺èƷ
ͩèӦǺɫģڲħŮҲô࣬һҲˡ
֣ħŮҲǳȻѽ޲¶ǣ̬

׷Ρ
Ҹһƿս㴩ģϿīͺĴʣ㡣
ͩ˵ƷһҲǳջ󡣡
Ц
ͩĵȥ¼䣬ɲָ͡
컭ٺɫ΢ЦɵͷԲε۾򣬴ëЬµ˯ѵޡ
ֶʮ⣬ŵǣͩαԱ߽ȺڵĴ֡
ͩ˵ڶһ
ЦЦΪԺ
ͩԭôɵķװڵҲؼ
ͩèƷһ촽ʮĿȻ飬ЦаˣҲȡ
΢΢Цͩͩ͸ĸӡ
ͩôȻǵ˵ڶ
϶Ͻ˵Ҳķװ
ȻҪͲ޵ĴˣζͼڲԣҪױʦŪ˸ҧױ
޵īЦĳڴȺǰŬɢһϢ
ͲǿŮȺڲκһʣֻǸ
ȷʵʣŵÿҲʵģȺƫĵĸڵķ
ۺּͩȻʤ˵һ
ժīЦ˲޶˵ս㡣
Ҳܲ
Ϣڼ䣬ͩΪʲôһ㲻ָˣ
΢΢һЦŮȴʳ˼̻һҲûУҲġ
ͩǺϲ󣬿ϧûС
ϲҵ˯󿩣
Ҹϲٰè
Ϊʲô
ΪèȰԸУֿɰҷǳϲ
ͩЦȻϹϲԸһġ
ֲΪȻֻҪ㣬ģǰŴҶϲ
ߡͩͷȥʱ˵ɧ
ţֺЦ˵˵ɧˣҺ˵ʵ
ͩ΢΢ͷЦһЦɧ
΢ЦʣϣԵܲð𣿡
ͩҲ΢Ц˵Եܲ㣬ǸղŵĴ𰸾ǡ
סСģϣԵèҡ
ͩһģ˵Ůè
Ůô˵ʲôԡһЦ
ͩĿһ£ҲǰԵܲá
ִսʲô
ͩ룺㡭ʲôǡ
ס֣İ£ǰԵŮš
ͩٵתŮˣ΢΢̡
֪ԼΪʲôЦҲ޷Ц⡣һǲ߱ʣûЦ
ע⵽Ů΢΢ϸڣЦݸˡ
սͩϣºʵΪʲôҲǰԵܲã
ͩɲһͷЦ˵Ϊ㲻Ե
֣֮ԲԵΪҰǰԵ㡣
ͩջָһ쳣뿪ߵȶȣȴȻеһСС⡣
Ͻ첽ǰϴּ䣬ˮɢԼϵȶȣ˾͸Լ
[ֹȻԭŮ䣬컬ࡢɫſڿӡ˵˵ֹḡһҲơڡԵ䣡]
㲻ϲ㣿
[ôϲ]
㣿
ͩĬˣƼԼյɫʻָ˳̬Żص¼ֳ
ʱȻҪϷƷֱΪһȽɽ亣ζײͣȽӪײͣȽʳ嵭ײ͡
ÿȼ͸ݣǸ԰׼ġ
ϷΪƷĿ鰲ŵĵĻϣͨɷͬжǷ쳣ʳ
ӵɷжȷɵ֣۳һ֣жȷɵһ֣۳֡
ɷԣжϣ÷ֹͬ
Ϸۺϵ÷ǰļɻһȽײΪ
ͩڵڶλҪԵʳɫСӡ
ǰδСһģһӣһɿһǿҩ
ֺλαͩһӺ󷽣۲ͩı顣
ֵͩԼʱӦþ˵Դ𰸣Ϊܵø߷ֻܱ۷֡
ȻӦչʾˡ
˿ҩüҲȻΪǹװıҲ޿κΡ
̧Ͳֶһ˲ЦЦ
ҲһЦ
ѽĸԵСأͩͷֱߵСӡ
Ų֣Сӷŵ촽ϣẬסʳ
ֺĿӣͼͨһ˲΢ץסʳζĹؼ
ͩСӶû׽ͷȻһ˿˿ζ
ЦЦ˼̧עӲ֣Ľ˼ڶʳ븹
΢΢ͷһ˿˿á
αƫԵǹ׷׿Ų֡
ȴװյӣʹԭͲ̫ȷαЩҡˡ
Ҫͬʱѡ
̧ͩͷȥֲ¶ˡ
üЦֵֻգգŵ硣
ͩûдĸоеɬ˳Ϸ
ӵûֵ̫࣬øһЩжѶȣʹЦ
Ϊڲ̫پͷҲڳʳƷ֮ΪϷȫûżƵĸЦ
ͩû뵽ôŵÿЦ˶ӡ
Ϸ֮ͩһӪζĶȽײ͡
ƼͩζĳԶʣûӮ㻹ͦ˵ģ
ҲûѽͩЦеʣղΪʲôôЦڿ˿ǹġ
΢Цʣԭʲô󣿡
ͩ룺֮ů㣿
ֲûĹ֭ů㣿
ͩתת飺յรȲҲ׺ͣĺС㡣
־˵֣ӡ𣿲ǰɣ
ͩЦЦҾֻϤˣåİ˾ͱȽϿԶ
ֲÿɷ񣺡ô߸һ¹ڶҵӡҲҲʲô󡣡
˵𣿡
УҲõŶ𣿡
Ҳǣղݳ
ҲȫǣΪ˸ȡһЩͷ
ֽ͵ΪֹڵģЦġȤġľͷᱣĻ
ͩ˵ϷʱҲûڵ飬ֻ۷ˡ
ֵͷʵˣͦõģΪ֮˷Եÿ⡣˵㡢żעͺá
ͩ΢΢һЦ

 20 

ޡڶһڷֱѺͻԱʽų
֮áһһҲѾʼ¼ơ
ߵ·͸ǰߵĿѹԵѹȶȣǰ֮ƽÿռаϡ
ͩҲѾһֵ¼ݣ̵ڼѩ⡢Ƶˢ΢
ǶͩͲԷͦкøУ˾ྴҲ˾ǸոС¡
óСѣ軨³ۣҪΪǷ绰
Ҳ죺ֵЦңͩ۾ޣϹҵ۾ѾѾң
ԶңҲζ黰أͩ϶ϱС档
۹֣ദģʽͦѵģԡϲ硣
ŮѽоùϲϱҪؼҹ뿴ֱ뿴뿴
ѣԭҷôŮ񡭡ааɣǷɵӣɩӰúѼ
ƽƽ׬һڣͩͩҵģҰεɣ
ε
εε
εεε
ͩѵۻ⣬ûʲô˵ۡ
СҲѾ㼯˲ЩѵĿҪ˵ͩͲֲܡ
Լαż§§Ҳǣ֣оֹܡ
ͩͲȻüȥҲĬ˵ĸоȻֵֹġ
ͩڽĿ¼ƹжһַ֫Ӵ
ƵĻϳ˸λαķ˿·ˣ˸ˮΪԷ˿Ϊʺƨ
ͩĿǰ˿ֻаʮˣȻãܹڵĻϸ˵ŷ۲ࡣ
Сˮ£ûʲôΪͩcallðݣо
ͩƼǧ˿ǳԼŮǡ
СϰοǰڽˣӦöĿԺعа˰˿
ҿ𣿡ͩԼǿԵģϾǹ⻷
ԡ̫̫ƺ̫Ŷ
Ĺοֻǹ̫̫Ŀ˱׼֮һֺƷԼͿڱЩҲǺҪġ
ں֣ʹһڷ˿Ҳѡ
[ֵ֣ķ˿ΪʲôҵĲأ˵CPƺֹͦ۵]
û˻ش⣬ͽкСȥһ²Ժ͹㡢ƺСCP
ܼˣ̫̫ǲ̫̫ʽ飬Ŀ
ͩ˿ɡʽ;ʽԥʣʽյ֧ռȶ󣿡
ܼңԼ֮
ĿǰûеµףŰŹƻ֧
µһȦʽ𣿡
ǵģٷĿǰ֧ȡʽҪ룬е㲻ãǲ̫̫Ӧԥġ
ͩ룺֪𣿡
ܼ΢Ц˵ʽ͹涼𡣡
ôԿɿֻ¸¿һ۱µĲ񱨱͹һЩ¾ˣ
ͩȰԼҪԿɿ˸
ͩȥӲŰţֱӽйܼת˼ƺǫϿҡ
ǣ΢ϸŰŲͨ
Űţã
ͩɩѽҿˡ
ŰţŶȻأ
ͩǴʽˣֻдӪ֪Щط
Űţ͸Ӫĵطѽˮ͹ء
ͩʲôأ
Űţˡװѽǲǲ׼
ͩûûУᣬֻǾ
Űţֱ˵
ͩģ»û֧ƻҪõʽһôȥַ棬֮Ҫ
ҾܲܿһͰװͲҪˣֻǮڹϣάԭиͺá
ŰţĿǰĿ֣ʡٳԵʳٴ¾͹ˡҿɲҪӪ汻֦ǹˣ
ͩҿ֮Ӫ֮սûˣֻǻǮغˮۡ
Űţôܻ󰡣ѹûĺòãҲС󡣡
ͩʵЩۺܶ඼ģʱˮҲӦòᷴ빫ƽˡ
ȥͶǺõģʡǮڳԺַöá
Űţ⻰˵ҿɲ뵱ýسС֪ܵסҶҺ˵£ҲջǮʹ
ͩʵҲֻǵʱȽңڵʱùءάǶԵģ֮ûҪѭˡ
ͻỹԩԩ౨ʱˣϢˡ
ŰţãҲɩǣҪ˵Һûˡ
Ҳǣͩżˡ
Űţһ仰׼
ͩһ׼ǰĵԭʽ𣬳ȥĶֻʣغˮġ
ɺʽ;ϸһ㣬ϣ½⣬Ҳǲòϸܿؼ֧Բ𣡡
Űţݣξˡ
ͩǸ˵ҲǹΪǱΣҿ϶ٶ׼ˡ
Űţаɣ֪ˣ㣬ݣ
ͨˣͩΣȻЩġ
ܼҸһĴָû΢Цˡ
ͩɳϣִ绰С㣬ڸѽ
ԴЦֶĻڰ칫㰡
ͩƵƶˣҿû˵ɧ
֣˭㲻ˣ
ô֪Ҳģ
Լ˵ûġ
ô֪ҲΪ˶£
ֱ
ͩ죺Ҹղźɩˡ
֣ɩǻɩ
˵֣
ô£
ͩѸղŵ齲˳
ְοɩǵ춹ģҲ˵ĺˣǸˣȻԴ׷ȽϷ񲣬滹ͦġ
ɩ϶ʱֱӸ㷢ˡְѳ󻰲ˣ㲻ص˽¶
ͩǲģֲ죬ûжҷƢԹҡʲôҲûУӡҲ϶Ƚ֮ǰࡣ
֣ΪദӾˣҲȻܸܵȷʵ㲢ûд²ģڹڻ
պ棬ıӡĻỹܶ࣬Ҳֺìܣ˾ͲҾ㹻ˡ
˭Ҳ۸㡣
ͩȻûкѾˣҲθڳʳˡ
˽Ƶģ˽㣿
ЦһЦ˽⣬֪Ϊ˵ģӡǸֱڿĹֱŮˣԴ׺У۲Сͦġ
ͩȻûкƺ˵㣬Ҳоˡ
̲ߣ浣Ĵ油ϵֲж
º˵϶ãҲ֧㣬ʲôҪһ洦͵ڣ㾡
ͩЦˣ˵ŶʱɲҪڡ
ڡҲЦЦ㿪ĵ𣿡
ͩ鲻ƺôһĹͣҳѩ⡣
ЦһǾͺãԺСЦڳҪˣټ
źߣ׼ˡͩЦеĿֻʾͨ
ԷССһЦҶ˵绰
ͩɳϴ˸˯СϾʹŰŵӶ˹ݽʽˡ
ͩ˿ӹּϿóŰûж໵
һǩһʣɩûѽ
Ůе㲻ģӦû
ͩͷݹȥǸл½ˡ
Ů΢΢һЦϹ뿪ˡ

 21 

ޡһֽˣ軨µ廨޵ڶȽϰµһ
Էмα̭֮󣬻ͻɩ˷ǣμӽĿĵڶ¼ơ
סׯ԰ӹݰ
ٷҶˣС
ͩʹɩɩһȥҽԺɩ˸մӺѧҵĲү
ڲֻڶͷȥѧУո·ɻɩֱӴӻǱҽԺ
Ѿ硢ɩ棬Ҫׯ԰ʱء
ڿ˼İϤͩ˲¶һĨЦݡ
ˣСɩþòָร
Ҳ˧ء
ͩò̾ҵ߸ﱲиۻִΡ
֪ΪΣʶͷԼԲ֡Ρ
ͷչ۾ƤЦʣҸ˧ػֽأ
ͩ˶٣Ҹϲ㡣
໣᯴ĿڣɩӲң
λޱ顣
Űε˵˵˵ˣؼϴϴ˯
ðɣ˸λɩɩôôգ
᯻תȦȦ׳һķǡ
λɩӶؿֱɵʧ
˼죬ͩͲٴνա
õĺߺţһ˼αǰ˺š
һϷǣÿαֹһ˳һӾ
ϻõֽѡȽϣɸŵͣһ֣һֻһ֡
ӾҪڰ³ڼ価ܵοһ㣬ԸʱﵽѡȽϣһɵ֡
ͩȻǵڶλϳ衣
վӾصĶ̨ϣŶŻͲݳӵ衣
Ӿص̨ˮѸڶеĸгͩڷǰ
ͩһǻ;ȫɫá׼߱һĳöָУֶ
ͩԭϴѧ˫ֺ赸ģŮǵĸĸЧ͸ˡ
ļӷϣܹջ
Ҳʮγ˵ڶĺóɼͩĵһϷĹھ
ɩܵΪ˲ڹǰѡɷӾȡ˵ĺóɼ
糪׼Ҳǵ֡
ȱӾһ½Ǹֵڶ
αڽıƴУҲǰαѹ
ڶ죬ͩվڲЬϣ§Ƶİõװƿ
ȴֻŵϷԭлҪᡣ
ͩһЦػ
ֻЦŲһֻ־ܿ㣿
Ų
žԡ
ſͩս䣬˵ˡ
Ҳս䣺𡣡
ţͩɻ
ֻһЦһֻɫĵͽӡ

ͩһۣרעϷУȴΪҶ˲ࡣ
Ψʹ˫ڿȴǲԼЬϡ
ֿٵıͩ˻Уһ֦õŽƿ
ĻȴĻԼĻƿ
˺Ц
¼ƽ󣬵ʾԳפαܷһޡݳ
һĲαûرܳģĿҲûðҪ뷨Ƽͩͳ½פŮαܳͺȻ⡣
Ļ̫ᳪ裬ѡٴʵǲ˵
½ˣԼҲûж뻨Ŀ֡
Ǻͩͬһ׸϶ԳȽϣ֪Լĳɫһ㡣
ɲ軨ڸ.ֺϳ
ͩƼ廨²飬ҲMVͲ§§üĿ飬MVֻ廨£ֻԼҺϳ
ҶԴ˶û
ڶڽĿѾ¼ƣͻɩɹ
ȱȺͷСһνȱϯֽĿֱӽܾ
ֽĿµԷмα룬ʼ֮ǰ軨Ҫ¼
аµʱ䣬ͩʾѹ
ֽڴϹԹͩİţ˵͸裬Ҫڸ.
ͩѧһ˵Ҳ˾衣
ͩЦеĹǳúϰһ¼ƵʱӦúܲ 
ֿЦϸŮΪ㣿
ͩް˵ˣûΪʲô
΢΢һЦδ˵RapҲ֪ԭ㳪ˮƽôߡ
ͩͷǰҳ裿
ֵͷѧʱиУ컹ѧԺӭݹɣʱȥѧУ¼˶Ƶҫ
ͩգգۣҫʲô
˵㳪ܺ
ЦһЦҵʱûûǰֳ質ô𺳣ֱרҵְ
̲ͩסЦеġ
عкܶδŶ

ֲԺ
ͩš
ȻڵĻûкţΪ㲻ӡ
ͩһɳΪʲôȥǶˣ
ֱסͩͷΪ⼸Ӧܿס

ͩץסԼͷԺ˾Զȥɳ
תת۾Ҳһֻмܹڴϡ
ͩЦʣǼ𣿡
ֳ˵Ƥ
ͩԼͷʱ䶼Ʋ˻
̾̾ǰȴãÿడҳôûгԹôĿ࣬Ҳ֪ɶʱǸͷ
ͩĵʣ֮ǰ㲻Ҳһ˹ޣѵǰҸ㣿
ֹⲻش
ͩȴĪе㲻ŮǸˣ
ֲʣ뿪ݳ𣿡
ţ

 22 

ͩ鸴ӣ㲻شҲתƻɣֲǸ֣ʲôݳ᣿
ΪʲôһǸֲݳֻҪ룬ŪѲݳ
ͩԼһ׸趼ûУҲһҷȨҾֻʺ㳪жϲ
ֲΪȻֻҪԳ棬û˸Ҿܾ㷭ҲҪȫϲ㣬ôôԼϲ£Ҫ
ͩҵݳ϶ʲôƱȲʵҲ١
֣Ұˣصط񶼿ۿݳ
˼Ҿٰݳᶼ׬Ǯģ㵹ãˡ
ⲻ⣬֣ݳ᲻Ϊ׬ǮΪ˿ġ
ͩü
ֵͷ԰㸺𳪸ݣҸسcall
ζӣͩһΰܸ˲ֵ
΢΢ͷΪʲôȻ˵Ҫҿݳ᣿
ͷҲ֪ݳǷ㿪ģһʣһعȡ顣
ǿѸڽݣʵʱ򲥷Ź棬ôΪΪơ
ڿԸͶСǮǾٳɶཫ֮ƻ
ͩ룺ͨΪʲôרҵ֣
ֹιСӣεҿݳΪ㿪ģ˳Ϊ̫̫ľѡֲܵΪơ
ϵˣڳԺ־ˣϲٻǮų
ͩعһ¿ݳ֧жҡҡͷ
̫ǮˣҲҪҲרҵ̨֣ϳСʱ϶Уµʱ˴Ц
ЦһЦݳģ볪ʲô衢׶У˾ЪϢһ׼šݣħŹҲԡ
ͩŴŴĿֵֹŮˡ
Ϊں˼룺ҲֻǼƻУ㻹ΪɣûرμӵĽĿֱȽˣ͸׼
ֻҪ뵽Ŀģ㶼Ը˵ܰõһΪȫԸ
ǮЩС£ǼҴҵ󣬲˷Ǯ
ɩȻҲѡ̫̫ˣɩ֦Ҹ㣬нĸǼСǸɩǷϵģƺûкھѡ飬нҲ󡣡
ַͶʽɩϣȡõԴ㲻õǮ⡣
ͩʣΪʲôôĵ룿
΢΢һЦΪǷްϣãҲܺã㿪Ҳġ
ͩϣˣҪޣɡ
ı۾
ͩůůϵĹ
[Ȣ֮ǰŮ]

[ϴ˼]
ûд¹ڲ֮ǰŶ
[ĸģǲǹ´ͷβŮϷ]
ƺŶҪµľУĹ޷ϸϢ
ͩ˵ܻŮ֣е㲻ˡ
ΪĪŮ氮ԭŮţһĴŮҲС˵ﳣ
֪ͩŮʲôʱ֡
[ΪʲôҲͻȻضȥϷˣ]
Ϊ֧氡൱Ϳ˴СڡʱʱͻȻںǵĽĿ¼ֳף
ͩ΢΢һЦ
¹ȥˡ
ͩͲڡޡĿİ¼Ƿǹ⡷
ֱȥ˾׬ǮˣͩɺСϿͻزׯ԰
ҶѾӣλݺˮơ
ͩصׯ԰ֱȥӹݣλɩɩںİĦϹۿ֮á
֮ǵһαҲͦҸŮľ飬ǳŮԹڡ
ԹҲ٣뿴һŮΧƺô
ޡȺ˵ûкĹ㷺ÿھµġԴ˿ķмαֱ֣ȽϸЦۣʺͲҲǳ
ĿǰĿȶ൱ġ
ǣߡӽβˣȶȱȲͬڵķ޵
ȻкܴĻڽĿϵıַǳۣ׬ˡ
CPСҲܻӭΪɿɰ˸оͦģͲľǡôûκ˵ķ˿
·ԵҲͦϲ
λɩӾãܺСһ𣬵ҲʧΪһĺ¡
ϾƲǼѪף֮ڲڼס޹ؽҪСŵеˣ׸ȥҲ޷
ͩԴ˲ÿɷϣǺమ˰ͷϡ
ڣλɩӴͩ뿪ſڴơ
ŰţԵŮǿ˭𣿡
λûС
ҶšҲûرϲģ˵ǹ㣿ɳ£ĺãԸҲ
ͩ΢ЦҶû̫뷨ҪѡһĻҲǹ㣬͸Ƕõ㡣
ŰţȽǿƣվһҲǿǿ̸֣ˣҪͻá
ҶΪʲôأ
ŰţǹżСŮƵģΪ˺Ҳͦ߰ġԡԣ뷨أŮǿһܸϲһĹ
Ҷô֪뷨ࣿĸǧûһǿƣ
λơֺ᯶Ůʿ
Ҷ룺ҲȰ
λҲû˵ٲǡ
ŰЦЦҼǸûȡģ
ͩ߼͸еĻӦҲ̫ϲǡ
Ҷôģ
ͩ񲻴ǿ˵͸ҵĸо
ŰſЦ˵ǰеʱҲƾоһһ׼ڿ֦ҲĶˬ
ͩе飺ҿǵȻǿ
Ҷ߼ԽòμͬһĿһԵŮ飬һǳҲпͷջĴġ
ͩ⻰ɵΪԼĽĿеѹ
[ԭӮòԵĺα˭]
Īýòֵľ顿
[ֻ֪߼͸ĸҲμ˺֮]
ΪʲôȤ
[֪ͺ氡Ҷһ˵ĸо]


 23 

ҶŮµӡ
ںǽǰڽĿ¼ƣɻطǡ
ͩԭݵģȴԼڻ԰ﵴǧ
µĿ˿ı㵱ŬԼô£ȷԼǲǶƬˡ
ҪѯϵͳͿ˲ԡ
ߣĿˡ
ͩ΢Цֻ࣬Ҫ㿪ģҾͿġ
ţ˵ʲô
΢΢̣ҺܿܳԵķǲϣۣԺҪˡ
ͩһԲԣҵȤҿľͲҪֹ㡣
[o]
û취
ͩ
Ϊ˲Լ˵Ļᣬͩġ
[ףҾȻԱֳĬᱻ˵̫ˣ]
Կһı㵱Ǿһ
ͩİѱ㵱ݵ
Դ򿪷п˿¶һĨʮֺÿǳЦ
ͩ˫ۣлл㣬Һܸж
ͩʾҶ
Գһڵǳóԣޥ£ƽ⣬߹ɰ
ͩͷȥ˵
ס°̧ͷ㾿Ůʹ
ͩòܼȥˣǡ
վȴƳ˶ӺŮӡ
ֲ֪ʱѾ·Ҳ֪Ѿй۲Ƕˡ
ͩʱĻңȴŲ
[ַҺӳǽ]
ַǸдŵģ㵭һʵɡ

վʣôˣ𣿡
ͩ˵ҿˣԣ
зУҸٻ㣿
һжѣŰɡ
á
ͩƺе㲻ףҲ˲ôˣϽ첽߻زֵӡ
ܽŲֵĸܣ
[ǾĿǰΪӣͦõģǳκŻŻŵ]
Ŷ
ֽϢ緹֮鷿顣
ʱ䵽ͩ𴲵ĵ㣬ȥҿ˿ȴûˡûĿԵɢɢӺͽø
ʵ벻ʲôɣͩ컯֮ԡ
ԭڻ԰˵ЦͦõģΪ˹Ե̹䡣
˵ǧǸط·ȻԼղ̫ˡ
ڻص侲ͩͲʵûʲôϾ˼ദʱ䶼١
ÿ춼ϵ
ͩ˵鷿ԥҪҪȥ˵˵
Ϊ̫ⷴԵ£ȥƺ̫ãϾֶ˻һԵˡ
侲˼Լô͡
[֮󣬻ͩͲôˣ]
ֻдȥҲû
[˵ûģղΪʲôҪߣ]
֪ŶܸղŻɣ˰ɣ
[ͩôΪʲôҪ㵱ԣԭͲڽĿüȥΪʲôҲҪڼ飿]
ԭǺͲһӺǷɻؼ￴ֶŮģֽ֪ûȥϰ࣬Լԡ
[Ϊʲôһڻ԰]
ǲȻʰһŹߣָպڻ԰Էԣ
[㲻˵֧Ĩԭе]
ǵںǵѽҶ￴СҲûˡ
ֵһηǸһת۵Ҫڣǲɾġ
ͩĪе
ЩҪȻǱģȻԸıѽ
[ѹ͸ı䲻ˣ]
ͩԽԽ[ǰκһԲҲɼ]
ڲٿģ㰴մٰŵȥ߾飬ºŬıڲӰ죬Ӷı顿
ͰЩڵͨشBossɣʹƫƫǵóѡ
߳鷿ͩɳԡ
һֲֻڿϣһֶֻſȱ˼ơ
ͩעϣĿȥ
ͩɻĿ⵱ߣ΢΢ͷ
ҲԱ㵱
ͩ۾
ֲ˼˵Ҳϲڻ԰Էķ
ͩۿʪһ˲
ּ鲻ĳĬȻеܡ
ʲôʱ˯ˣߵ𣿡
ͩҡͷûԣһˣҲ֪Ϊʲô
ָϣɣɶûУǡǡ˵
ԣ鲻Խġ
ʵڲ뻳ԼӶԱв˼
΢΢üվĬĻ鷿
ͩɳϱĿ˰Сʱȥˡ
СԱʣ̫̫ôˣ
ͩ翴ˣ
СŬ룺ûп֪˷
Ŷͩ͵ԣҾˡ
СЦǷҪһʦ֣
Ҳˣ
ᰡҿʮȫӦƸׯ԰أ
ͩˣʮ
СϽ˵ѡáʸߡӴ󡢻ܡܳܡܿᰴĦӾ
ͩЦе˵㣬ҾҪˡ
Сӣϴ˰ɣвΣյػҺˡ
ͩûǫã鲻͡
ڼ䣬ûἰͩͲڻ԰ٯٯ顣
뻳顢ϸҲ˷ˣ鲻Ҳ˶ӡ
˵лл㣬ҳԵúܿġ
ͩûпûһЦ⡣
ȥͩļһλ鷿
ͩԡˢ΢ӣĶֲ̫̫ᡷ
뿴ﶼôϸĺ̫̫
ԭͩΪССҲǳŶ̫̫ķģЩƺҪ
ϵͳûиͩⲿֵļ䡣
ͩҲĶһЩȦ鼮Ʃ硶մɵġȦԵЩ꡷ͨʱ.ƪ
֮ԡϴ裬ͩǰ
ͩ鱾лҪ˵
šϴĿһ룬αھͷǰǹ
ͩˣأ
Ŀº͵ĿΪ˷ֹ֮ڽĿ¼ƹкȻҪǶһʱ޴룬ҽǰϰһ¡
ͩɬҲӿ˵㡣
ҡҡͷ˰ɣͦεġ
еίͲҲ̫֣£㶼𣿡
̧ͩһֿۣһۡ
ֻת׼´
ͩڵǾһ°ɣѵˮ֡
ϲڴϱסͩ
ͩһ£۾Ҳ졣
ǹһƢ˸о̺һ˿˿ζ
һ˼һ˽ţһ˷һ΢
׺˼£һԽԽ󵨣һԽԽȻ
ͩͲԾ΢΢ſһͱռˡ
΢΢ۿ˿˲ȴƺʲôûпעȫڽˡ
֪Լô£ɲְԼѹڴǡ
ΪŮˣǿԵģ֪ԼǲԷ룬ĿǰҲڵȴʵʱ
ͩŲ˼Լͷŵֿ˵ˡ
ֶͷһЩ΢ɲϸĿȵĿ
ͩƿҲӦò᲻֪ˡ
Ȼƺڵı뷨
ͩϨƣҪ˯
еʧ䣺Һڸˡ
ͩ䣬鸴ӵסȭͷ
ΪҺˡ
´ɳϰ˯
ͩҵ˯žؿƺŲֵºʹС                        
лҪ˵СӸͻȻ(*////////*)
ϸŶ

 24 

Ƿǹ⡷׸MVѾˣڵڽĿŵ׷Ҳڼͬʱߡ
ڵڽĿ¼ǰһһݼͩ
ŮڳﱸһȫµĴĿҪǳǵ̨һգҾ˽һ¡
ͩ˿ϵݣô
º͵˵ŮȫŮԷ壬ѵ걨µĿ϶ܹע
˵˳ﱸ⵵ǸйصģԹ̫̫ľѡкܴϵӰ졣
̫̫İ佱ɸŮ־ٰģ佱αҲ϶˵ˡ
̫̫ҲǸŮɹ쵼˺͸λ׼ųġ
ĿǸŮ˽ĴգӰС
λӵܹܶע£²Թ̫̫ľѡкܴá
ڸŮĹ涨ý岻ʽ·֪֮ͨǰұԳ֮⣬ͨڶ֪¡
ͩҲڹ
֣ҶȽϹע̫̫飬ȴϢġ
ͩĹԼѡ̫̫£ůůġ
֣ǳǵ̨Ǳ͸¶Ŀѡˣٺú׼ڸճʱҪǩԼա
ͩͷõģˡ
΢Цס֣ڶ㶼кøУҲϲһԡȻЦģ˸оƺͦ
ͩЦе˵ǰҵķ˿߰أС֮ǰ˵ҽĿܴ֮˰Ѳˡ
˼һ£֮õʺиϳǵƣǸĿǵŮԣʹиߵعȺҲĶ֡
ָ֪ͩǹ̫̫ߡ
ڲǻһû¼Ǻ澡ܸЦ㡢Ĭ㡢ܵ㣬Ӧܴ
룺ҸЦͺˣûҪΪ֮ȡϷʱ򾡿ӮܳΪĹھòˡ
ͩͷϣһڴ
ٺ١Цҡҡͷһڲоʹ߰˴Ρ

֪ͩԼǲˣյĵˣå
ҲûзԹԵȥɳ
ͩϨƸǺñӣǲǵ¸¶Ҫ˯ɳ
ţһֱȥĲĺ˵Ƥƺȳǽ
ͩЦֺεĽ硣
ǣߡѾϣƵȶҲͬʶȲԺͲֵҪ͡
ڡޡֵúܺã豲ȦŮϲ
δŮƫֶĵꡣ
һʵֵ͵Ůӣÿα̬ȶ࣬һһĮ񣬸һĸо
Զ۸Ӷ˾С˵ȫȨ֮ӡ
һжȻû˾·ġ
֮áĿǰȵսĿڱֶȡޡĸ͡
ƵĻķΧҲ硶ǣߡĺгѺá
Ϊαլȴ治ã̲ʥĸɵͺ꾫ӦоУͬΪŮԵĹڿڲԡ
һ߷²Ůαһ²ĿĿÿڴľǺ֮õĸ¡
һܹעģ֪Ůǳϲԡ
ΪλŮαͲԲߣַ׷վɣԼΪĿܻᱻѡϵŮαcallȴԸ
ǹ㣬ΪȴŮα˿Ůαߵġ
ż˼˿û빫
ȴμĿΪܸʶ˲ԣͲԳȫǿǿֵһ֮ϡ
ʵ벻˭ԡ
ҲΪԼӦʺϲԵŮˣȴԼоԲǺܺһڡ
ȷǷֻܾøˡ
֮áĿԼԩȶȶǼõģڱֶϣоԼ˺ں·ߡ
Ҳû̫ίΪ͹ǳãȻ׬
ͩڽеַ޵¼ڼ֪˺󣬺Ȼ˺ġ
[Һ֪ѻŮʿμӺ֮ãᱻʲôӣҲǷǳлȴڵԸӵ]
ȷʵ֮Ϻں·ߵĿˣͷβԲõȫ֪ģֱԳ˷֮˸˵㻵

[ŮΪʲôôңǺ㣿]
֪Ĺ²ϮʹɣϾȫȴȻն˳ݵŮӣЩ˶žžžۣͻͦˬġ
ͩʲôˬģԼһ·˺ڳīˮҪŮϴףǡ
㱻ŮʣȻŮŪڹ֮УʹٻҲǳŮѵˬ𣿡
[Ҳ˼Ƕô飬ҲŮ֮Ƕôĵ]
бʾ㡿
ͩЦЦ[գҲҲҪԭںˣҿɲϲԸҲ뱻]
㣿֦ƺԸںҲҪŶ
[ֲǿߺԷģڽʳŲҪۺ]

ʱȻţޡһֵĽĿ¼ƣɹĻޡַޡȱȷԼ޹ͬǾ
ֽĿһԷҲ¼ƣֻ֡͡侵ͷģûһ㾺ѹ
һʵӣαֱӲͬĳгǳǵĺ̲׼¼ƽĿ
ͩͲס˽Ŀ鰲ŵľƵ׷еĻжʮںӶˡ
ҹͩɴֻԼܹϲΪϲ̵ġ
ϴƼüӣʣʲôôģ
ͩλֻǷǹ⣬ĺĺ껪Ҹܶ壬һ𡣡
Ұ㡣΢΢Цųôһʡ
ͩһۣɫ΢ֻ
Ƴһ۷ɳһͲ˯ɴˡ
ŶͩŲһȥ
ҹͩˡ
һʶԼϴ˯ڶʶŷԼ˱š
ûܾΪʶǲߡ
תͷŲԼŮˣİĹϸĦ
ʱΣߺϵͳûйע
ûκθСڲֻʹȻȵҲǺ뿪
ͬĴָּǲҪϰʱͩѹûԼǷб˱˯
ܵڱһֻƵıͦӵġ
֪˯֮ǰʶ§ֻ˯֮ʶ׽
Ҳ֪Լϣһ֣ƺϣ߶ǡ
ֿ˲ּӲ˯ȥ                        
лҪ˵䡷Ԥİ
=ĹƷŮ=ܲ
=ҳԱ=Ƥڹ
գһСŮ
Ϊ˸лŮľ֮С
ƻɺСŮЦĶˣ
㣬ôķü۰֣
СѵŴ
㣬СѶˣһڹԹԵ
ҹԲŮǳ嫺
㣬һ䣬Ƕһ޶ľɫ
ºڷߣŮ̧һƬӨ
Ҷ˼ᣬⳡʵѩ
ҹ绨ѩ£ŮӢˬĻ
Ψɲɹ㣬ұ㣡
ѱעСĳɡС̫
飬ҶԣҸľǺһ𡣡
#ʵ#
#С״̬άְ#
飺㣬Ȣ
ǩ[ǿǿ][][][]

 25 

еϷɷںˮԹĦпͧŸԵӽͶ
ÿαĳʼʮ֣һ򼴿۳һ֡
뿪Թķ޿ɵ֣ԴΪ뿪Թķֻһ֡
ֵܷܷڳʼּȥټѵ÷֡
ͩĲǾܱⱻжٵִԹڡ
ȴ÷ԱȽѣΪҪʻ߼ģ龡Ͷٱ˵ø߷ֵĿܡ
ͩĻ⵽Χ
־վ˿ĵģ΢ڲͬϲ
ͩ¡
Ŀٽ̲ǳˮ˸ټľԹΧǽƯˮϵһװ뾶Բ
õʮֱĿСԲ򣬹Ƚһ˲˵ġ
αǶɵͷֲͬɫľ
ͩɫľ£ÿ
ЦЦǲǺϲɫ
ͩͷɫǿɰɫ
΢΢һЦǣԹһڣɫĦϡ
ͩ棬˫־ס·
ַֻͩԼϡ
ͩ룺õҵòš
ֻͷ˿װʮֻСԲĺӣڼתʱ̫ȣҲԷرˡ
ͩ˱Ų֣ˣȿԿȫЩʱҲ㡣
Ȼǹ̶ĦϵģͩźӦҲڻˮ
ֻǲģԱҪ˼Ƥͩס

ͩùֲ˼ģⱻڿͦɶġ
ɶ
͹Ϊġ
С֣ȫһĵڶôôա

ͩһҲܺڵˣֻ۵ȡúóɼ
죬ͬʱ˲ͬɫʵĦͧ˻Ͽµ龰
ͩʮ·˻ɩʱɲסĳ嶯
ɩѾ׳ֻΪƼͩջֲżȣʹǸмˮϡ

ͩ󺰣ɩమɱ
ɩЦһЦ˰ɣ˻֪ͨһ£
õģͩ䣬һͶ˹
ۼֿ죬һβ㿪˳½򣬻˦һˮ˹Ļ
Цˡ
Ҳȥһ·
Ļȫ׷֣½Ҳ򹥻ͩ
ͩҰԹһ㣬˫ֶʮɣйĻĴȳ½Ҫһ
ֳȽϺãܿ˦˹Ļ
Ļȥ׷ȴһ·ȱȷޡ
Сͳ½ͬʱ˶Է׷Ҹϵ״̬
һ͵ķģôô
ȷԹĳڣȴżôȥǲڱؾ֮·͵Ϯˡ
ȫûз
ԷƵóѾܣȴΪһʱ˷ܺˮԭƫ˳ڵķ
һʱҲδȷڵȷ·ߣֻȥˡ
ָպþƼ鶼ȥһԥҪҪŹȥ
ͩ˵ֱ·Ǳ߷Ƿȥġ
Ŵ˵ģּᶨļǰӾͿˡ
Ц˵ȻŵĻ׼û
ֱͩ˴ѾԽ˳ڵĴţεĺ֮䡣
ۣǺð̫ͩõĻ
ͣں̲ϣʣֻ
˭
˹ĻĴΣСһΣһ׿ˡ
Ļǵڶ뿪Թģ̫ܷ࣬ȱȷ֮
ޱˣָŽڣڶԷ֮һ뿪Թ
ԷϢ֮¼ҪǶԸλα̸
ÿαҪشԼҰµ⣬һʮ⣬ÿֻһʱ䡣
ȣͩʶйزֵĶʮĵѡ⣬ַǳá
֣Сڻǰͻ󣬶˷Щأ
ͩˡ
֣أ
ͩ΢΢ͷߵѣǰΪûճң֪һֻС̹ʱҪҹע
ϰǰţҲҪƵܳԵ·ʱҲ绰߷Ϣң˰ûӦҪӰͶؼҡ
֣ϲ𣿡
ͩϲϲҪҡҡҵĸоϣⱲӶġ
һ䷿ͨƵֱۿӵĲɷãҲֵвɷˡ
Ӧǳ죬ȫ˹ͩϲúϰߣмαһ
ϲýȻֱܹ׳ͩߡ
֣ϲ̫̫ʲôأ
΢ЦҶϲǳȤоֹͱ̬رɰʱɢ
ҲǳҵͰֹ龫ֵŮ
պԵעҴСʶãʵڲ֪֮⣬һϲ˭
[Ѳգ۵Ϸ]
ԼҲ𣿡
֣˵ճˣΪȱȫлˣ
ҡҡͷҺаȫУҲ̹
ҵİȫмԴҵţҲҵĸ
[˵ı׶ˣҿȥ̫ˣһҲ]
˵ľʵ
[ҸʲôˣҶ˯]

ǿҲС̹ǴǹҿɰԵˣûкճˡֻÿʱÿ̶鲻Խ
[ȥԱϧ]

֣ô֤Լǹأ
ֶ˶٣ҹж֤
һ䷿ȻЦ׷׵٩ͩ
ͩߺҵġ
֣̫̫С̹
գգۣڴµʱС̹ɣֻҪϲǹǻèҶԡ
ٴδЦͩɫˡ
бʾҲͦɰģȶ࿴һͲԵĻپɡ
[Ծֻϵңϵͦİ]
֧߳ߣĻͶ
ͩ鵭                        
лҪ˵дˡμδǡͷ
ܣxƦ
飺˫򱼸
ǩ[ս][][Ӣ][У԰]
ȤĿԿ

 26 

ŮαڵķͩûЦ⣬ΪԼĲɷˡ
ȥǣҸղ˵𣿡
ͩ΢Ц˵ˣû˵
ֹ۲飺Ǻܿģ
ͩϣûвİֻǸղ뵽һЩ¶ѡ
ԣ㲻Һ˵˵
ҸղҲھͷǰѽ
Ц⣺㰡ô˵أѹûճ㣬һŮ̫ϲ̫˵İɣ
ͩͷҲǰЩŮͰһ㡢һ㡣
Ŷϲ˵ģ
ûУֻǾ˻ϲ
ֻЦǱʶû⣬ôڱʳδ֪ʱ˵Ϲأ
ͩҲ޴ӽͣҲ֪ôһʾ˵ˡ
ס˫֣ϵ˵ҲˣֻҪϲԺճ㡢㡢㡣
ͩĳ֣յ˵Ϸң˵Ѳգ۵ϷղԾͷҲôϿңΪĻ
ֺ޹ҲѣȷʵԸΪϲӡ
ͩ˵ʲôʲôҪΪκı䡣
֣ΪʲôŬϲأ
ͩʧȥңֵá
֣ͻͻ볤õദҲҪĥϵģΪԷЭʲôѿ顣
һ㣬͸ϲһ㣬ҾûʲôҲʧȥңֻǶһ˵ѡ
̧ͩ˵ʲô˰ģҲ˵˵ˡ
ͩе쳣ʵںڲϢİΧ֮侲˼
תصǵУŵӻȴʲôȥһƬհס
ȻתƣĿڰͽˡ
ҹҪеϷǣÿ޷ֱͬɽڳÿڶ·ɹѡ
е·ͨɽĽݾе·Ҫתתܺʱִܵɽе·ֱԹ
Ϸ֣ȵִɽαɵòͬĽƷĪý
û˱ѹȻڵ̤˵ɽ֮·
ͩԶƺд׵ļȻ뾡ִɽõƷú˯ݾ
·ǰ濴˿ǱȽȷģҵļصɣ
֣ҾмԹ֮·ĿԲǱȽϰȫģǽݾĿԵڰٷ֮ʮ
ͩÿ·ǽݾĿԶڰٷ֮ʮѽ
˼ǣݾԹмǵ·ĿԱȽϵ͡
ޡ
ͩ룺ǿصмðһǽݾ·Աաȫ·
ǣ֣ͩΪ㣬Ҷԡ

ͩһۣʱ˵·أΪʲô
ǣΪ㣬ҿðգֻҪ㿪ģ·ԡ
ͩεΪ˵ЩҶˣǵϷңѹϡ
תƻ⣺Ҹ˱Ƚϰðգѡߵһ
ͩЦЦʵαһÿαм֮·ǱյģǽݾԹĿҲǳ󡣡
־еŵҪôأ
ͩЦСͲ߽м·
ԭΪֻ·Ϳˣȴ·СؿҪܼȥ
ͩЦˣԹ·ƲƹؿΪѼα
ֲÿɷ񣬴򿪿ƬĬϷ
˼˵Ҫ콫ƹԱǸԲ棬װ˼ɻԿ״š
һֻжʮƹǱ뱣֤ʮƹܹ뵽Բ
Ӱͩ͸ɫƹ򣬡ҧסɣ
üҧ򣿡
źߣȻôɰ̡ͩ
ֿۣھͷǰŴҧСʵڲףǾסһŽԲ
ͩ취ܾѾ˰ť
һֻɫƹ򵯳ڰ¶ϡ
Ҷû׼á
Ǿ
ͩס֣սһ㡣
á˫ͩϡ
ͩеţ˰ť
ɫƹ򵯳˵ϡ
ͩͲѹûü
ٽһ㡣ֵֹסͩӣС򡣡
ͩŮ˶ӡ
Сֵ˳ȴ˵
׵ͩǡ
ͩסھͷǰǵĳ嶯ǵ˵ҸоѰҪʮôࡣ
ͩ˼룬Ȼüڡ
󡭡ôգ
ͩҪˡ
ֺһӣ״̬𣿡
ͩգգۣµĵͷҲӦܷſˡ
ţģһЦ
ͩĬĬҵ֮Ϸ
ζ׵˱˴˵ͣסƹĿԽԽˡ
߸ǽסˡ
ͩϲĿŲ֣ۺЦĻͩ
ǻ§ţСŲһԣϵԲͲ
˳˺ܶ࣬м䶪ȴ͸ﻹʣֻʱ
һЦ
ͩ׼óԿףȴתס㴽
ѵˮࡣ
ͩӺܻңڿǵĻȴҲƿ֡
ԹԵĽЩǣ§סֲˡ
ԱߵһЩԱЦţƿûжǡ
ˮ˲ͷϡ
ַſͩԿ׾ǣ·
Աֻһɡ
ֳɡ̤ͩϽݣͩڰ·ͣ
΢΢ͷһԡ
ôˣ
ЪϢ
΢΢ϥƽӣ۵·ұߣ㵽ɽϢòã
ͩԥ˵Һصġ
еְɡϥ¡
ͩ˿ΧĹԱڲϡ
ֱ˵ߣСèɰˡ
ͩˣ˵ɧɽɡ
Цһ鲻Ĳ
ˮ£ͩȴһҲûܵʪӰ仵
ûôϲ죬ϣԾͣ꣬Ϊ·ܻ
ԭ˵¼Ŀȫ̶ġ
ǣⱳͩתȦȦƼװ߲ȵҡҡλΡ
ͩȻϵĽʱʱš侾ͷȴ΢
ּþգӣԹԵܵɽϡ

 27 

軨ǵִɽģõĽƷһ
һǹĻƷסɽƵõĿͷ
ڶǻ磬ƷסɽƵͨͷ
ȱȷ޺ʹͼαֻССϢ
ͩȥ˿ȷԼĴʺܶࡣ
ھƵϴϣص￴Ѿ˯ˡ
صƣҲڱ档
ҲͲӰɣתѹϣĿ
ͩϽס
ڴ㡣
ͩҡͷ߿Ҷ˵˲Ǹ
ֲ뿪һ£Ҳȥ
Ҫͩʹƿ
һߣίĶ档
ͩҲٺ˵˵Ϊ͹ȥ
ίĵͷˡ
ͩҲί˵Ҹǲϴ
һ˿ίͰ͵뿪
ͩƿײһ˿϶ſ͵߽˾Ƶꡣ
ڱȥҲȲŮ˻
ٽˣͩ˯Уûжþͱ̸ˡ
ԱƺȰֻͩճȴʾͩ˯㡣
Ա˵ԽȥһǷԸ𴲣ȴϽ
ԱǲǺͩˣʶԷǷ˯ľͷŸڿ
Աʾҹһжû¼ˣ
ͩһͷ߳˵ҿԿճȥ
ԱЦЦڴ˴Ϊǿճ
ͩͷǿʼɣ
ͩס˯䣬ҰĲƺϡ
Χƹ࣬ĿԶɽͷޱ顣
ͩһ˵ղ˯ˣ
Ƶ˵ҲûУʹѡ
ΪʲôЪϢ
ȥ
ΪʲôھƵ˯
滰Ǽٻ
ͩ룺ȼٺ档
֣ٻȥסƵ꣬ƺǶԽĿŵӣҲǾҲع򡣡
Ŷ
滰ǣҵ߳û˺㡣
ͩԶĽɫʣ˼һӡ
ͷڲּϣ΢΢Ц˵ɵϡ
ƫͷΪʲôô˵ң
ΪǽĿ鰲ŵĵطô֣߳
ôûˣһأ
ͩЦЦ§סҡ
Ϸû
ճԱʾⲿ־ͷܲĿϣΪûʲôʵĵط
˵ĻҲǰԲڲ֪ǳˡ
ŮҲûʲôƺԸⲿ¼Ʋų
صͩƿԱߵıӣ˯ɣҪ
ЦЦԹ߹ؾأҲҪ
㲻ҾͲ
㲻Ҳ
ͩ΢΢һЦܿ˯˸̤ʵĻ
ޡһ¼ƽˡ
żα軨ĬֵһֵڶֵڶֵģȨۺϷֵһ

żαȽϷĬֵֵһֵġֵڶȨۺϷֵڶ
һżα廨ĬֵڶֵġֵֵһȨۺϷֵ
ߺżα黨ɩĬֵġֵֵһֵȨۺϷֵ
ͩû뵽ԼͲֵ֮Ȼеڶĺóɼ
Ҳû뵽Ŀ¼ͲֶͦĬġ
֪ע
[ǲΪŮ⻷ĿҲң]
⻷һãҲûкܴӰ졿
ͩڶ͵ֶܷΨһܷԶڶ֡
ⲻǹ⻷Ҳʵġ
ЦеǣŲվ˹ھ̨ϣŰ佱αϽ
İ佱αǡޡڶ߻˼ˣһĨְҵЦݣ߹
ĻòĽӹ֤ͽƷͰ佱֡
[øЦȻŪýƵģ]
վЦ
Ǿİ佱αǡޡһھޣЦĹĸȱȷ޺ѡ
[ˣôоİ佱αλȵڶĸһأ]
һھλˣŵڣԣ̶ǿͨţĻް佱ɳǹżǷ˵˼
ͩؿڽĿʱͦϷ޵ģΪΪмαӵһڿʼһ·ͨصһڣܳפα˹ھ
Ҫ¡صǳǣ̫̫պ£ǳżҵպ·ǡޡڶھ軨°䷢
˷׷׹ơ
֮żҴĿ֮²ź̺ˡ
˶֪Ŀ˴һ̫̫ͦϲġ
ýҲؿƿݰźõͨΧȫλ㡣
ͩǰոտ˵̫̫佱񣬾պ±ȷʵͬ佱˵Ӻݻ󡢶ׯ󷽡
պʮͷȴƽʮ꣬ĺƤúܺãһӻǳ
ֱáޡݡ
ǵ壬ͼ޸˵ʱǳʮҲȻɷ谮
뱲ӶȦ飬Ӵķ˿Ⱥ
ʮΪ˳Ϊ̫̫Ҳ๫棬õڹ
ڵ̫̫ѡڼ꣬ͷ¶ȦĿ÷ǳֶζɱһвۺ¹ʡ
ʱý嶼ʮֹעҲ׼ɷȥ͵ȵĲʵҥԣɢСĵӤҲƷС
ľСҲҳ֤֤С񲡣޹ء
ҲСĺСϲԷСҲԸ⺰ĸס
εúС̫ܵúü¡Ȧ󣬺ȫΪ̫̫ż
Ʃ磬Űžһ˿½ͷСҲΪ

 28 

պȥʵնһ̫̫ƺţһʱȫڸŵĻš
ʱм߲ɷһű죬ȴѡɷ˽ӣҶܺΪвһ
պ˵һȫĻ¼
ȣǱҡҡ벻ңǳϲҵ꣬ҲΪ塣
һ㣬ǿԵҵʱлѡ
żҪ·ȥӦȥȥΣϲûѾͻ
壬ǳϧҲΪҺá
ֻҪĳ·кų⣬ͻᶪ·
ܰؼҵһͣҲż¹ӳһƼĲɫ
ȻܹһˣҲż¿ζ
ߵʱ˴ΪԾˣղ˵ҲΪã
պ£ǵģʲôҲǡ
ߣǹ̫̫Ƶ踺𣿡
պЦЦȻǣǳΪʲôҪܺ͸أ
Ҳż͵͵һȥ¿Ĳ͹ݳԳԷǳģֻᶣҪԻӣǴؼһԡ
ߣؼһԣ
պ£кβף
ߣС̫ڼദģ
պɻ󣺡ǻֿĻʺǻûͶӡǾηңΪףΪβܺദأ
ߣƫӲʺ̫̫һ޶𣿡
պޱ飺ȻǸѡѽвֵԭº;ⲻǲԭ¡¡
Żǰû˾û˵ģûڼţģҵġ
ȿǵģҲҾҪġ
ߣûһҲҪ͵𣿡
պ΢ЦҶ˲Ȥˣˡ
ߣϾǸģ޵ɣ
պ£ҺӵĸѾһ治õΪʲô
ȷʵûôҾú͹۹Ȥˡ
ɷ˺ܴ䶯Ҳ˳ûӰ쵽ù̫̫Ļᡣ
ͩڽ뿴Ů䷢鲻Ͼͦӵ顣
һ䴩ĵˮպ½֮ݸͩ
ϲǱĿģ£ҲǱܻӭ»żˡ
л
ͩһЦҲЦЦ
պǣҿǵĽĿĺܰ䣬ԺҲ۶ףǰúϡ
лл
պºͲ֣ͩЦһЦתվԱߡ
Ӱ׷׶׼ָα˼ŴӰ
ͩպҪ֮ʣֻȥ
ˣǿԽ΢𣿡
պֻѾСȦ̫̫΢ˣҲλøͩ
㰮˻ǰʲôϵ˶֪ԺҪǰôۻȽϺãΪЩ˷ҧˡ
ͩµĵͷޣԺעġ
պ¿һۣ֮ǰûӴ㣬֪ôɰһῼȢŮ
ͩеΣЦЦ
[Ϊʲô˵ҿɰأþͲȵС]
˼ָܿɰ
պ£ҼϱҲ㾺ѡ̫̫Ķ֡
ͩͷҲ֪Ҫѡ
պǳǳһЦ⻹ò𣿡
ֹͩһĨʧòЦݡ
պλ佱αĿʲôҶĵĿ׬ͷ
պõֵڽĿҲѾ߲ţһڱһڸߣҲ
Ŀͬýպֳ佱Ϣ͸¶ȥһ顣
ͩķ˿һǧˣͬŮαܻӭģҲͬȦŮߵġ
˻Ĳǹ㡢С
ⲢûжӰ죬ΪͲϵĻǳɹֲۣ˵ǲ֡
Ԥ⣬Ŀǰ֮áصޡۡгЦͷȶȽϳǰߡ
ĿҵֵԼۿڱȵۺϺ·޵ʤһ
ͩãƾ躣֮ôͬŮαȦŮ֮Ѿ׬ˡ
û뵽û⻷ҲȻôܿա

ûӷطǣȥ³ǿĸ
ͩ⼸鶼ܺãΪĸɩ۰ϵɷҲġ
ǸճͱĸŮӣһԱŮϷ޺ļ
ϷСѧʱػת͵˹¶Ժ
еʱ򣬹¶Ժˡͨտ˴ѧһ˴Լ
Բ֮ǰպ뿪ѧУʵϰⷿ˼죬ûҵʹԽˡ
ܹŮǵֱܳ谮͹ĵĸԣͦ˵ġ
֪ⳡλãһҪصԭϣܶһЩǮȥ
Ͳõһǧеѹˡ
ܹమأϣʹ˰ͷϺˣΪԭƺûر͵ǵġ
[һж֧񰡣뾡һ㣬ȥҲܹϺһ]
֧ܵǰѡ֧Ӱ죬Բȷһж٣١
[õİ]

 29 

ǲ軨³ˣһ죬ִͩ߳͡
ϦһֻӴĺɫԲΣͬƲҲâ䣬˳ӿÿѩ׳ۡ
ͩӳǣɳ̲ϣźŸȥ
˿յֻ֣Ŀ͵ĿŮ˲
תͷΪʲôң
ͩƿߣ˵ΪЦ֪ΪʲôôЦ
ҸЦ
źߣＸûʲôˣ㻹ǣ
ܸЦ𣿡
԰ҾøЦ㻹Ǳô롣
־ͩǹҸԭ
ǣɿͩ֡
ͩûʲô仯ȴƺ̫һˡ
һǰһ߽ΧĿ˲ࡣ
Ȼϳ˭һ㶼ӿҪӰǩΪҴСŰȦĻг֪Ǻͨǵ
ﶼбڰиģҲûͨôķ˿ҲѺûӦȴоС
˴˵ݵλͰ췹ȦǷ˿˾͸û뷨ȥź˵ճˡ
ֻýż˺ǲŻ׹ű˵Լᡣ
ǷԷûκɫŵɣ·˿һǲֻ͵ĵġ
󵽴Ƶĺǣͨûʲôŵˣ򶼲ڴǰٱΧµķա
ͩò̾統ǵķɡ
Ӵͩ˼ģСıСŪԼָͷ
û뵽ţҲеԼζһ㵣ĵߡ
ͩʳָˡ
ֺסָһڣСѪʧӰ١
Сϰй۲쵽ͩ˵ɿ˴
ָָͩԺûҵ㲻׼ˡ
ͩʣΪʲôܲ˶Ҫ
ֿ۾Ϊ壬ģҲġ
ͩˣô죿
ɫ˱䣬ȻסͩӶס졣
ͩ˫ַϣȴû
˼룬ַſǾͽܳͷҡ
ͩԶ
˵㲻Ƕ
ͩû˵ҾǶ
ʣңҪԶſԣ
ͩĿӣ۾ĪĽʪˮܵί
ֺȻЩۡ
Ҵ𣿡
ûС
Ҫˡ
ûС
˫§Ǹȴ˵
ͩûƿǳ˳һֻ񾲹ɵСè
ô
[ҺͦϲҶҺܱԶ]

ַſԵ㣬š
ޡͩͷз⡣
ֻص£ûٴ
뿪֮ͩŲںɢ
һ󺣷紵˵ȹӡ
ѽͩȹӣһˣå
Ů仰޹˵ûУ
ͩЦһЦֱıQQƺͦ졣
ѵ׸ϣ§ס
̧ͩͷ
΢΢ü𣿡
ͩǰУѾûQˣòϲ˰ɣҺ㲻Ҫҵġ
ְתԼ˵ҾҪרһϲ㡣
ͩٵ˵ԣûҵ㲻׼ϲҡ
Ѿϲˡ
ʲôʱΪʲôϲˣ
һ£֪ԽԽ㣬ԽԽϲ
ͩˣָȥǣ
ͩ˦ȴ˦յ˵㲻Ҫϲң
Ϊʲôϲ㣿ֲףǲϲ㣬𣿡
԰
Ҹɡ
ͩ¸ֱһûϲ㣬Ҳȷһ᲻ϲ㣬Ҳ֪ҪҪϲ㡣
ֱҽڣϲ㣬ʲôͻ𣿡
ͩһУΪҸҪģҲϲϲҡ
ǲϲˣ
ҲûСͩԽԽ졣
һֱֱƽ˲§ס
̻ںſͷҫۡ
֣ͩʲôӣȻ̻ʢᡣ
΢΢һЦû˵
һСŮһӵĺõỽС㣬𣿡
ͩ΢Цˣлл
СŮߣС̣򻨡
ֵϥ£ҿź𣿡
СŮҡͷ
Ϊʲô㺰С㣬ȴҪС̣
СŮµġ
ͩòԴҪûõˣ
һЦСŮҸɣΪʲôҪĻ
ΪСŮ룬ҵĻֻҸ¡
ܺáֿʼѡ
ͩȴʱʱԼѽ
һ֦ۻվҾȻֱ治ǻֻ򻨶㡣
ͩ
׻䣬תһȦһͩ
ȻƵ˵ޣ֪ˣ
ͩʲô
Ц˵Ȼʤﶼһһ
ͩԿհס
ǮСŮֻӵʻ
ͩȻǲΪʲôУ
һʰһ˵Ϊ
СŮװκһʻЦӯӯĵݸ֡
ʻͩڿʼ׷㡣
̻Ĳʹ֮£ŮԼº͵ЦݶԵø⶯ˡ
ͩӹȻĿŲ֡
СŮ˻ӣмСƬ
С㣬Ҹ˿׼Ҹ棬ҪҪһ
õġͩϵĳһſƬ
СŮϧλС㣬Ҹڡ
ͩ
۾ĿСŮҲЦĿ
ͩɵһſƬпƬ˿
ȷǲֵ
ֳСŮգգۣСŮĵˡ
ͩЦʣ̹״ӿôģ
ϸ׷㰡𣿡
ͩЦõòˣЦҲһֱȥ
۾˵ϲ㣬㻹ûϲңҾ׷㣬ֱҲϲҡ
ͩ￴Լϲ֮أ
§סСǾͶϡ
ͩЦеʣһֱϲأ
ûЦ⣺Ҳϣ㲻뿪ңԸţϣ㲻Ҫһֱá
ͩ뿪Ļ̫㣬ղŻΪʲô˼Һ㰢̣ԭ㰲ŵϷ
üĿ飺ȷʵΪʲôҰ̣ףҵϲ
Ҳ㶼һˡ
Ҳȷĸ㣬ϣ㲻Ҫ׷㡣
ͩͷ֪ҪҪܾ׷
ֺȻᱧһһתȦȦ
ң
Ӧң
ͩʼղϿڴӦԼڰתȦȦ
˺֮УͩҲ˳Ƶϡ
ǻ§ŶԷں˵Ĵ¡ɳ̲ϡ
ͩЭˣǧټơֶε׷ҡ
лŮֱ
ͩվؼҰЪɡ
ֺּǣ뿪̻֮µĺ̲

 30 

ɵһ֧񣬻ʽһԪ
Ҽһ׶ọ́͡
[]

[ΪʲôҪƺ]
ΪеңС˵ﲻڵڿռϵͳ½棬ݹҪִе
ͨС˵ڵƾɵģҿԷΪҡҡҺڻ⼸͡
[ԭˣҵǾɻڻҲҪõ]
Ϊʲôأ
[ΪҺڻұҪһ㡢һЩ]

ۣͩѾɳǵϿˡ
ǲҪģ˵̽һ¸հᵽ߾סĲơ
ͩûԹԷİĳС
ֻû뵽ԾȻҲڡ
գԸպҪ¼ƺ֮õһڽĿ
ĿԭƻÿפαһڶλαȥԵļͥˣ
ɳǶطǣĿҲ
һΪ˸ף٣ǲŮ˻زׯ԰ͩ棬մϹԱλŮαɳǡ
㵱ȻסԼ߼͸סɳǴƵꡣ
Բ뱻ΪԼͲˮݵĹϵӰʦĸ֮Ƶס
³ˡǣߡ¼֮ûþɳǡ
һΪ˷㿴ĸΪ˸õȦϾɳʷƾõ֮ǡ
ǲС㣬ֱסļңһԼӡ
֪ԺͲֽ춼ᵽģȴûиκһ£ΪԷ˶ϲ
ֲϲ
ȻҲûв뿴ԣûΪԷĴڶˡ
ԿҲûиеϲϲڿͩ
ֻǰɣƺΥɳǶȥ¼Ŀĳԡ
ͩеҲǾϲе㾪š
ϲ˿λǧм״̬
λɰĶ߱ʾô̼¶մ

ͩߣԭգҺͩҪ׼ˡ
ͩ棺ǽɣһͬȥ
ͩұߣý췢öڣ϶һ
֪ͩϲʲôҵȥŪˡ
ԿƫĶ˰²ףҴȥѡɣ
ƿʲôȥĶ߹䣬Ҷ㡣
ֿĽƵﶼȥףصĿҲܶǾͲˡ
ͩԼ㶨ɣҲ֪ý᲻ɷǡ
ԿģӦòʲô⣬㲻ýš
ƿýһֻֽϻ㲻ú¡
ֿڣ㲻õġ
ͩһգۣǼĽĿҪˣЧͦõģоһѶǲҵĻ⡣
ԿûвμӺ֮ãܸоȱ˵˼ϣ´лһμӽĿ
ƿûܺΪӫĻ£ͦźģϣպл
ֿܹþˣҺܸˣϣԺиˣ
ͩգգۣ
[λôǰ˵һЩֵֹĻأ]
ֲ֣
ͩЦĽѽҺɩǶܺ棬ϲĸŮαأ
ԼĽ㣬ɫûϲģΪ˽ĿЧŸǸ
ͩͷѡ˭أ
Զϣѡ˭أ
ͩҡҡͷûеģԼѡ˭͡
Ҿ֪΢΢һЦ㲻ϣѡκһ

ͩƣѽҺɩǶСͦģʲôоҪҪһأ
Լ㣬ɫʱûоҲû㷢չһ¡
ͩͷʵҾá
ҪáƶҾӦúҵ֡
ͩЦޣõġ
΢Ц㺰 
ơ

֣ͩǺͻطǰɣ˵Щ˱Ҫҿ
ƣ˱Ҳһʱǲɳǣûú漸ô뿪
ͩеֶֶŮˡ
ԿϲӻŮ
[]
ƿ벻Ҫ˫̥
ֿҪӣ

ͩʱûⷽκ뷨
Եͷʲôʱ뷨û⣬档
΢ЦҪ̥Ƕ̥԰
˵ҪٶУ
ͩҲϲСӣҲӡ
ԵͷǾ켸棬ǳٴˣ
΢ЦôֶֶŮûϵѹ
˵ϲͲҪͲ档
ͩվԱˣãһطϴ衣
ԣճԱϴ衣
ƣһȥɢɢɡ
֣ҵȻ㡣
ͩͷƵƮˡ
ϣڿͷϳȥŮǺȾ졣
Ůһ棬Ըֽƴˡ
СڷӡϷˢ΢İԡ
Ȼ̾Сã[ҵûй۰]
ⳬ˿ĹɻشķΧ⡿

λɰĶҲŮӣԸŶ
[ܲʲôͨǴɣҪһʵĿԴŮѣ]
Сϲ㣿
[̫]
Լˣ˾͹Ҫʲôۣ
ſˣֳͩǰ
С΢΢Ϲɵ˳š
̽̽ͩĶͷȷûв𣿡
ûУֻǲϲͩſͷϡ
ЦЦǲȥϴԸˣ
ͩ˵ڴϹȥ
Ƥִһƨɣ˲תƽϴּ䡣
֣ͩסƨɱҷ񱾹ˣ
ֿĵĴЦ
ͩЦġ
ξһֳ̣ˡ
ͩ˲ͼ۾
ͷ
ۣͩû˵ٸҶң˯ذ㡣
ֳŵ磺㲻ѵˣ
˿˯Ǳͷȴ¡ͩ˸Ƿ㰲ֵ㡣
ޡּˣϨ˯                        
лҪ˵лФͶҵO(_)O

 31 

磬ͩںСϵİæ֮´ƯƯҴԺ
ý֪ԺͲƶɳǣŹҲľ͵Ⱥڴ׼ɷˡ
Ƽ˾ȻвֺͻͩǶǳϲ
꣡ͣ⡣
мߣԭС̫̫ҲˣǸС㻹Сأ
֣ǣ˴ܹ̫̫٣ʮָˡ
ŮߣСɳǵ⼸סĶ
ԣȻ
ŮߣΪСҪƷ
ƣ
мߣСǷδŮ
ƣϹˡ
мߣΪʲôɳȴڼסţ
ƣ˭˵ŮһҪסһϲһ˶ӣ𣿡
ŮߣɳǶӵԭʲôѽ
ƣҸĸڣסɳǼΪ˷㳣ǣҲΪ
ʱ򣬹ˡ
һͷɫĲгŰɫж׺ͲɫϥֱͲȹž׵ĸ߸ЬҲһֻСƤ
⻭ĸױݣȸԸС
󷽵ߣЦǳҲС
߷׷װѾͷϡ
ͩɣͲǣ߽ݣʱоࡣ
ǿģĿǰɳмߵǲǺţԣһҲòϡ
óˮīܸߣܻһ̾Ϊֹ
˳ԷӺŮǰǮģŮҲڼˮƽֻС֮ҡ
ĿǰʲôãΪܹ±Լϲ顣
ӶԴҲȽ⣬ӡӱȽ֮⣬δԿ࣬ɷܼΧҪʲôʲô
ǵȴڴˡ
Ů֦ҲϲͰԺ˽ʡ
͵ģأϲŸʱеĳװǰ
ϲ˿޺͵ĸоӲ֮ǰͽĴΣûʽ϶Լ˸ʮָͷҲ㲻绻ѡ
֪˲Ӳ鸾Ҳסңֱס
ǿֺӣԶϾŮϵ֦뿪Ӳ
֦ȻһУ˺ʱֺøףǿ˹ϵȴԾɲܸ״
գҲǰɻɳס졣
Ů֦óȴϲҲԲ˿ࡣ󣬴СԼһȡ
׬Ǯκʱ䲻ȥѧǰ︸״ճСĽ׻չҲֵġ
Ǹ̸и֣ȻƽʱĬԣҪ׬Ǯ򽻵ʱȴ˵
ͷԣŸĸ㻨ǮȥͶʣûп
׬ǮһĸһԼΪκǰ
ϲСܸȴûȥֻȱ
ϲŮȴԺòĽ̸ֻ
һǰȻ˲ҵŮСסׯ԰Դ˸еˣûΪĸѪ׶̫ѹ
Ϊ˰е֮ӡ
Ů֦ϲȴ츳͵ģȻǺӵõģڷָܺˮƽȸʱ˲١
ȽӣҪ֦̳Ĵͳǰߴ
֦Իϲԭûк񣬷ԼҪǳܴ̿ﵽǿˮƽû顣
Ȼڸ׵ļල»˼Ѿȥ˱ķ档
ϲʱȣϲƯİЬӣҲϲ̸
ñȴûнǹ˵ľϲ׷ϲֿϣֱĿǰϴѧŽһѡ
ʱ˿ڸ׵ۿ˲ֱˣȻʷһˡ
úû뵽ԼȻŮ˶ġ
֦ǰڵҲֻ֣Ǿʸ߹󷽣ȴûĶ
뿴Ŀº͵Ŀһۣ֦ͶСġ
ǰϲĿǰѶûȼٿ񱼹ء
ͨͨĺǴıֵˡ
Լе㷢̵Ͻڽﰵй۲죬˳˼Լǲˡ
ͩͲڲƵĴ˼Ҳ˺ĪĶ࿴֦ۡ
ֵÿζպö֦Ŀ⣬Ҳ֪˭ȶ˭ġ
[֦ҵĹ]
ΪʲôҪҹۣ
[ΪһС˵ܶһĻǸڶ񶾵Ĺ]
Ϊʲôѣ
[ΪòŮˣ֦ãӦǸдڸеŮԽɫ]
Ůˣ
[źߣҵĹۿ϶ǻˣǵĻҲҪ߰ŵĹ]
Ĺֻ˵ۡ
[ޣǾͺãϾžŮ]

ͩûнͣ鲻׼Դ͡
ղŲ˵Ů𣿡
ͩ΢΢һЦ[ò񣬵ҵĸо̫ãԵ޹е㿴˳]
бʾͬ⡿
ͩҲϡ
С±ʾòȡˡ
ͩҲá
ʾС
[]
Ĺܰ㣬֦ǲĸֶŮӦеġ
ͩȻƺ֦ɰ˵㡣
[У֦˭ҵݶҵУֲϲ]
Ŷ

 32 

ϯҪʼ֮ýĿͳˡ
ڹ͸Ͻõ³ڴǸĵĹԱ
ڣϯӳʮӲʽʼ
ڵԱˣһ˼˫һʮһ
ԵλŮĪλãֻͩߡ
ȫˣҲû̫
ȫ̶ܸ䣬һҲ߼͸顣
ͩǸϲϲΪʵ̫˵ˣǸһЩȤĻ
ͩǽΨתͷŹ㡣
ϲС㡣
ߵƬ
ͩƬҲϲС
Ӽ룬ƳһʹͲ˵Ůӡ
ЦЦСƫС
ͩÿɷĵһ۸Ͻá
ɢϯ֮ʣͩ΢ţС㣬Ҫϵʽ
Ϊʲô
ҾԺӦϵʱ򡣡
ûٶʣ򿪶άɨ衣
߼ƼˣҲֻݸ֣Һ̫̫ѣǲǽء
ɫº͵Ĵ΢š
ͩ
вתͷһ˲סͩĸ⡣
Цӯӯ˵ɨɨҪȥ¼Ŀ
ͩƲֵﵽһ߳ˮȲֹ˾͸Ұ
ǰܣ
֮䣬ͩǰˮ̲ˣǿһֵֻĶţȮ˵ϡ
ͩ˲䱻־гˣ˽ӲµĲ
סڣһ߷ɶţȮ
ӷǺþò֮һʱˣǸŭԵĵͩ
Ը˹һ񣬲ľսŮ
ͩգգۣڻָ侲
ԱǸ˵ܾˣԲ𡣡
ͩҡҡͷΪʲôᡭ
ָָССû죬ȽϻӦҪ˺ĺˡ
ͩ鸴ӵذͻȻԼС̹
һȥɡ
΢΢һЦСڹѾ󹷵ͷ
ͩĿļڸģҲ¼˸ղŵĻ档
ȥʣĵң
аӢ۾ǳʣ
ͩǲҪҼǽĿųȥ

ͩҲ뱻ڿһĻϣõǵء
ðɣõģ֪ˡ
ߣҴȥϢһ£
㲻¼Ŀ𣿡
ͣһûġ
ܾͩ˵Ļȴǣð
Ǻͩ˲Եķ䡣
[ҪĽ]
Ͳɳ¼ƽĿɢʱȥ˺ԺΪСӶ˵ǲżʱ㡿
֮˦Ŀĸģ䷿üȥ

ͩȷвڵĵطʱرٿƵ
ΪʲôҪϢȴ˵ۣҿԿһ𣿡
Ȼԡ΢ЦԱ߿
ͩԭƬȴܿƵĿһ˵һ䣬ʱʱתͷϲԵĿ⡣
һЦҲһֱЦ졣
һ㣬һֻ§סͩһִֻĹܡ
ͩЦⲻ۵׵ĿžͷвԷſȴ˿ڡ
[Ϊʲôֻ绰ң]
ںСǴ齫ء
˼Ƭ˵̫ˣԺҲûôįˡ
ţֻס֪ͩҴСӡ
һֱѰȴþδ㡣
ҵһۿ㣬ͷĵľãҽֿ
ҺȷʵѾǱ˵ˡ
[ôһҲأʲôֱ˵]
ɧ͸ɣĸڿܱж϶ϣ
[ж]
һֻͩϸֻҪԸ⣬ҿΪϵɽ»𺣡
ͩסʣƿȴر
[Ҫˣɣ]
ڿˣ̡
ͩҪˣ֪ΪʲôԼҲϲ
ˣھһᵱܾԵİ⡣
ҲʲôӰ죬ÿζ͵ƵĺͲ§§
䵥ŮʿķԽŨ
ͩĶ͡
ͩ￩һ£־ӿ
Һڷǳ䣬һ绰λǵĽʱ̡
ͩʱһԭһ⣬ȴܿƵܳ˷䡣
ڽˣû׵ˣ
ͩµĽͨ磺ι
֣Ķ
ͩڸأ
֣㰡齫֮ǰҲûţȦǲ㡣
ͩ㲻ǺСǴ齫㣿
֣ҵСɰˣû˼
ͩЦЦӰɣСɰͻȻֵġ
ЦһðĿԴ
ͩЦеĹҶϵ绰
[ԸղֻΪڰŲҵĶ԰ɣĿǰ̬ȣӦòóȻ]
ղŵı֣Ҳ˼ˡ
ͩһ뵽պȻڴԴɵһγ죬ͺܡ
ʵѡμӷ֮ں֮ھͶûˡ
Ҫǰһʵĸı䣬Ĩڣһɼ
ͩͷص˱;ۼĴ
ʱѾ齫ˣȻճ֦չŮӡ
ͩĵسǰǽͷɻطǰɣ
߼ͫô˼һͨ齫أ
Ҳ̫̫Ͷһϸǰɣ
ͩӲ֡
ٸŶֵƤգۣ§סͩԶ
ͩͷ鵽ǶԽûŲ֣鲻ˬغһֱۡ
ʹίķſֿͩ
˯Ҵϣ

ڴ׷ԽԽӣţòǳԴˣ
ôܳĴףͩһƨڹ۾̨ĳϣֱ
֪ͩ鲻Ǻܺȴ֪ԭ򾿾ʲôΨйԹԱ
һͻƻ

 33 

ޡһڲųˣ⼸Է޶ܹϲʴʷ¸ߡ
#պ·#˱ǿȶȾӸ߲µռѰһ졣
ͩͲɽҹǵǸӦƵ㲥ۿת͵ľˡ
Ƶȫڿͩɬ
רһ΢ǰʮۼظ
ѽ˿Ȼߴǧˣôô
Сһ΢Ц˵̫̫йԵжȽϲ
ͩڴϴ˸ЦеҪС˶ٷۡ
ַ˿ǧˣŮ⡣
һȻͦϲΪʲôҵзô٣
С΢ЦСšʮ㣬̽߳ƣǺܶ괴ҵߺʹѧİҲǺøǵ͡
̫̫ȻҲ䣬ΪޡӺŮѵļ£ǲȰġ
ͩףðɣѡԭǡ
СϴƽݸҸΪȽϺõĽĿҲǳԼμӡ
ͩ˿ѡҰϲͷԷ籩⼸ͬ͵ա
ҧҧָһ°ɣ
СϣöǺþأ
Һöֲ̫Խ
ǾͲҪͷԺˣ
Ҳ֪ǲϷ
볣פϲĻΪмαȥһڡ
ͩɵϣȲμЩܹμһڵİɣפʱҪ
С۾̫̫ϲˣ
զͩ۾
СЦ˵ƺȽ룬ܰڴϡ
ͩգգۣҾʹǲʱھͷǰΪ¼ĿʱҪУкڣ档
СϲЦˣ̫̫ҪһӦ׶ģڹ̫̫ľѡƺҪֶӮȡÿһܹⷢȵĻᡣ
ͩͷޣ֪ģֻһҲμʲô
Ӧ꣬ص˶ġ
̴ӺϲĲңʵĿͩ
ͩ鱾߹ȥۣһ
šֱסϲ㡣
ͩĿ˲ȥϴ˯ɡ
㡣
ϲͺСһۣĬĬ뿪ˡ
ͩصı˺üڲƿٺˣȥϴ裡
еίĿɫ죺ͩźòã
ҡͩ˵Լţȴ־òס
һαǣᣬԽԽȡ
ͩŤŤеȻѹˡ
Ҫ
Ҫ㣡
ּֿٵѹ˵·ŵͩ־͸һơ
žǳһ
̧Լӡ
ͩӵĿ
ίʣǲϲңϲ˱ˣ
ͩ㲻˵Ҫ׷𣿡
ǲϲˣ
ûС
ֻͩͷ
ĺ˼ת뿪ҡ
ҹˣִԡҳͩƺ˯ˡ
Ƶɳϣ˯ߡ
ͩ˸Ͻȥ£ҴˣԲ𣡡
ͩƳһۣ۾
ָͷҷģҲҺˣ
ͩΪƵھܺŪȥҲŲҪԭ㣬Ҫ飡
۾飿
ͩұûϲ㣬̲ˣҲġ
ίѹĿ
ͩ˵´Σ㻹Ҿһ㣡
ֶʱ˿ȴЦ
µĻصɳϣϿҵ˵ѵĻǰɣҶ飬ҲǶ˼ơ
㶣ؼңůҲ㡣
Ժ󲻸ˣҪô˯Ҫôֻ΢ٰˡ
ллԭһΣҲٸҪĻᣬҲٷˡ
ֵͩͷϴСӡ
΢΢һЦõķϣԭһΣ˯ɡ
̧ͩϵЦģڰ˵㡣
Ҳ΢΢һЦҺˡ
ͩɻ־Ķ
˵ҵľǰ׾ƣ΢Ц
ͩͷһ˲ҹ˵ɧ
ЦһЦԹԼë̺
ͩƼûе˯ˣûʣǰǲǾͱŮɧ
޹˵ûк˭ɧֻ㡣
ͩõҲţ˶ʮƦûеϷŮ
־ˣƦӣЦ߸үСҸƦһëϵûУ
ͩʣԼϷŮˣ
֣ҡ
ǣֱͩ׳ĵ
һϷҲǽǰġ
ŶĵϷͩˣ㶼ҪҵĴˣ
ǣֲ֪˭˿ӸҸղ˵Ǿ㣬˼
ߣϹƭ˵Ĺֵ죬²ģͩϢ
ûС
죡
˼˼Ҳ֪ԼΪʲôȻ˿

 34 

磬ͩ鲻ĳ͡
ûȥϰࣺ̽ȥ
ʲôѽ
ûᡣ
ͩױ磬Ͳһǰݡ
ŰšλҶҲֵԿɿߡ
[ţǸòҪްɣ]

ͩе΢Цʺ򣺡̡λɩɩϺã
ţҲáЦ˵Թ˰ɣ
ͩɴԹ˵ģлл̹ġ
ףڰ½Ŀֺܺãڶϲ㣬Ҳвգִܳ
ͩ΢Цлл̿佱
̿˿֣Ǵʲôʱѽ
[Ȼ]
ֿ˿ͩ΢Ц˵ɡ
̣ţǾͺá
[Ǿͺã]
ʾܼҴͶӰǣѸŮշϳֳ
Ůʳ¯һĿǺӲáǳǵ̨սĿʽʵλ
ǺӲáĿǰֻ˸ļͥһͥһαÿα̫̫
̫̫ǽΪΪʽαԱвձ
Ŀ¼ƳΪ꣬һ²ڽĿǰҪǳǴӪϰ¿ɻҪʱ״̨̬ݳ
λ̫̫ԲμӱգȨ˳
ǺӲá¸¿ʼ¼ƣջжʮ졣
ļͥҪ֮ɱ֮󹫲
һɹͥ˳򽫻ᱻŮԱԵδ븾ŮйصĻ
Ϊ̫̫߱ϵļͥȿ塢ҡ
̣ҽսǹĿġ
ԿɿɣҶʲô뷨ǷԸμӣ
Ű䣺ҲֱܳǸѼϼˣϾǸŮֵĻٵ˰侵ͷң
λ΢΢ͷҲֱǸѼϼܵģȱһĻҲԸϼܵġ
ҶָҲᳪֱǸѼϼѽҲϣܹһЩһЩ֡
ͩλɩӶԸ룬Լƺûƴǡ
̴Ц˵ֶСͩ»ȻҪ־£Ҳһգ۾͹ȥˣǰɣ
֣̲õģ˾ͷɹȥ
ͩ΢΢һЦ̷ģһ͸λɩɩһŬΪġ
ĵͷãǲҵϱй
ԿɿɣͩһҲҺ̷һ㡣
ݣͩ˿λɩӡ
Կɿ΢ЦЩأ
ֿͩɶˣʿ衢ŵ衢ִ趼ԣǿ١
˳һ
Ц˵û˵ô
[ѽͩǲǴСͺѧ赸]
Ҳѧרҵ
Կɿ΢ЦͩȷʵܳȻˣǾֱӳˣǲҵ̫̫˷ˣ
ͩһ
ǣվǣͩһŬȡӮúóɼ
ͩЦĵͷǵء
λɩվӳá
ͩ檲ҵ
΢Цͣȥ˾ˡ
̰ڰ֣£л˵
õġֶһߡ
ͩɩһͬ뿪ݣںСϵ»عӹݡ
ȴھ԰ʱ˲ԡ

ƺԤϵԴЦ߹
ôɣһ𣿡
[Ǵ]
ǡ
ͩ˵㣺СȻȥɡ
õ̫̫С΢΢Ϲ뿪
վǧʾͩ
ͩ£˵ʲôأ
ԵϥǰΪʲô֮һֱң
ͩվȴסˣСı˿ˣ
ȥϰˣֻҪϲҵģԸ㡣
ͩҡͷ˵֮ǰЩɼģֵӣޣܲܲҪϲң
˵ˡ
ɫĿ֪ͩɼģһŬΪǵδȡõĽ֡
[ţ]
סͩ˫֣˵κٵĻңҲĹޡ
ͩվǵģһûϲ㣬ֵӣӲܡ
ָϣҪ˵ЩϲҵĻˣҴ￴óõġ
[]
ֻŪˣҪ޵ҡ֪ѹܴ󣬵ҲҪһжܹ㡣
[]
氮ǰĻʲôҲԸ⿴òҸ
[Ҹ]
ͩҡͷĿǰȻ̸ҸҲûв
ȻĲҸԱסһЩʱ䣬һȢ㣡
ͩƿе˵ȷеĸϲ֮ǰ㲻Ҫˡ
ǲֵӣϲϲֲҾδҼ޸ûвҸ
ⷬߵ߸ӰĹ浵ԺܹŶ
ͩҲ֪Լѻ˵̫ˣĪеĻ
ƼģֻղǷ˵ȫǷ
ΪֻͩǲϳԼΪͩĹⲻȥŹҪն֮Ŀܡ
˵õ˰οûôˡ
֪ܰƵֻ̫ȷĸ⡣
ȻҪԭزΪǵδһôξ룬һȥߣȱĻ
ᵥһնȡδ
ֻҪֻҪѡһֻҪԸȥ
еĲѹԼᣬһͺˡ
Ϊ˲ͩҪŬΪӵĸף
ͩɫ粻ĶԼﺦ¡
Բˡ
ͩͩ
[զ]
Եǰ΢Ц˵֪˼ˣԺ󲻻㡣
һ쵽֮ǰҶĿŵľ㣬ϣպܹ͵͵Ļᡣ
ͩɻ󣺡һ죿
עͨһжڲСҲٱƵղˣһҪչ˺Լҡ
ͩٴǿԼϲȴֵ̬һЩ㻵˴١
ͩԼ̬ȺһЩϿҵ˵ԣñͬ㣬ϣ㲻Ҫκ˺˵顣
Ļ˾
ҪֶΡϧ۵ĵõòռ̫õġ
Եͷ˵֪ˣİɡ
ޡͩе£ȷǷ˼
е㲻˼ͷԻڶ
һȦ˵Ҫϲңġ
ȴΪǼٻЦЦͩǸŤʹ
ͩûЦݣ鸴ӵˡ                        
лҪ˵䡷ʼȤĿԿһŶ(ޣߣ)
CPƤx
ǩ[][][Խ][ֻ]

 35 

ȷҪӳȥμӡǺӲá𣿡
[ǰ̷ҲӦˣûɲˣ]
ѡչ֧񣬽ĲڽᱻĨԭӰЩŶ
[Ľǣ]
úÿǣ֧ɵһԪ޷½׶εľ͸Ҳ޷
[ʲô]
ʾһ׶ͲԵĸ鷢չǳµĲ֣˵ĸѾĨһ룬.ĸ߽ܵ㵱ѡӰ죬ӶӸıֵĸߡ
Ŀǰδϲԣһ뷨ҲûˣչֵĸҲҪˣమĿԻȽϵͣܿ㲻Ըһ
һԭǵĸ߽ᷢ޴ı仯µӰ첻С㵱µѡһܸıֵѡ
Ҫؿǣһ˾ͲҪڣͰɡ
ͩĻ֧ľġ
ʾߵı仯ԾȻӰ죬ɵ߸Եĸı䣬ȻɵĽУ֪ġ
˼Լģ׼Ӧ⣬һԼ顿
ͩԼ˼ֽʲô߼
[ûзҲͲԸ]
ȻԣѡȨ˭̸Ƕף㡿
[֮ǰ˵ͦϲԵ]
ϲ˵˼ϲҪġ
[㲻˵ʱҪԹߵĽ飬úɶϲĹ]
бʾŮǵĹ£Ҳ㻨ͩΪԹֻԹ϶Ȩ桿
Ҳ㣬֮ǰֻһź䣬ԼͺҪױ˵ֻƬӰ쵽ķſ棡
ͩ²ǿܶƫڲˡ
еɬ±͵Ƶġ
[Сʲô뷨]
С±ʾϲ㣬ʲôȫ֧㡿
ͩ΢΢һЦ
ȷýһ׶;˾͸ңҽ͸֧
ͩλ֧ߣĿǰյϢ̫ˣܶڵҲ֪
ͨ¸.ͽֵ·ϵ˶ٸʱ.ըö֪
޷ϤӰߵĹؼ¼ʱ˴ֲķա
Ͳ͵ϴǸڸ鷢չֵģô˴οչ֧ͲɼĺͲԷϵˡ
µľڣĵǲֵĽ֡
úúÿǣһԼŤתǬ
ʹıּ֣پ͸£Ҳüƻؼ㡣
⼸ؼƶ·չ͸.¼ƺҪäĿƻˡ
֮⣬ҪȺ׼ʵ̫ˡ
ͩ˼ڤ˰죬ҹ˾ҲȻûоá
ԡһصﻤ׼ѯʲֹڡǺӲá뷨
ְɳϣһ۲¿һֽ
װͩˣá

ͩתͷ
֣ܳΪҵӣ϶ϱ²
ͩ㷭ۡ
֣ʵûкϲ㣬ʺɶţʺһһ㡣
ͩе㷴θ
֣ʵҲûжӶԵһһڷΧעġ
ͩеЦ
֣ʵûжӰͳϫĹϵû㣬ҵá
ͩסЦ⡣
֣ʵֻҪܵÿ죬Χǽ׷ңĸԸݵʯȹ£һֻķ
ͩһЦ
֣ϲвģôϣܹͬʱҲΨһҩ㲻ǣԸҩɾȡ
ͩ΢΢ͷ
֣ûΪϲһȻ鲻Խ¶ΪֵãΪɰ
ͩϴ
֣ҶϲжŨŨģΡ
ͩԼǺñӡ
֣Ҹл㣬Ϊ֪ϲһʲôо֪Ƕôˡ
Ժÿ춼Ϊÿ춼ῴ㡣ÿμ㣬ҵĶСǹҲ۷˻ۡ
Ҳÿ춼ȵŨ裬Ϊÿ춼㡣ÿ㣬ҵĶе࣬һζ֮ҲС
ͩͷȡ
֣ͷϲҵ룬ΪҾһʵֵ顣֪ҵʲô𣿡
ͩ΢䣺˯ɣҹˡ
ַֽҵҹͬڣĺǡʹʯãҲһ𡣡
ҵǼʹ׷ԲԣҲǵңǻ
ͩʵŪҹֲ˼ġ
ЦţϲԺ󾭳д顣
飿
԰
ְֽҶİھ޴Сֽز£˵Ļװպһһεд㿴
ͩν飬ײעǣװӷ
˵ǳǵǼ£Ҳһÿĩпշȥ㣬ΪʽΪŵĴܲˡڴңȽæ
ͩͷչԼҲΪġ
ס֣ΪӳȻһ㣬Ծѡ̫̫кôġΣ㶼ҪۻԼ档
ͩԥʣҲμӡǺӲáأ
ֺӼ룬˵ȥ̽һ£ҲᾡȡõԴ㡣
𣿡
ǲ룬ʲôԸ˵Һܸ˿֪
֣ͩ˯ɳˣ
ֱסܿס
Ҫҡ
ұһ
һ˯ŵġ
ͱӣòã
ͩƼˣԹԵģ
ֲå΢Цı۾
ͩԼϵֻ֣ÿ޳ָˡ
Ȼñָܵذһõ顣
ѽȻЩ߰ģ
ˡֻһ£ƺ¶š
ͩ鿴ף޵ķֳɴҿˡ
ۣ٣
һߡȻǧ򣡺ÿѽͩˡ
ֺЦ˵ǧ˵ƽûи㻨Ǯ
ͩΪȻⲻһѽ˵ǣ߸ķֳֻ߰һԱʵھˣҺ֪ˡ
΢Цʵ˵һǧҵǲҲˡ
ͩ˷ˣΪʲôǰѸҲҿ
ҺͬдѽĿ׬Ǯ㡣
ͩͷ¸Ī㻨Ǯˣ
һЦȻаֻѽĿĶ˽Ǯ
ͩιסֻ䣺ֺҡ
ⲻֺãҰˣҶòӦõ𣿡񻵻ľٲ뿪ᱻԵͷʣ
ͩӲƵĹϡ
Ůˣ𡣡
仰
ûҪɣеܵȷʵ
ͩŻʧʧԶȴץ
Ҫѽ֪ˣҪ˲֣


 36 

ȷǷ֧񣺲롶ǺӲáսĿܾΪǰ˿ǧ
[զ]
ͩʱû˯⣬ֲһȥϰˡ
[ξȻҪҵ˹ھ˿ֻǧŰپʮأ]
ĪһԪ
[湻ݵģΪʲôҪ]
Ƕ߽ģΪС˵ĿĶԡ
[]
ϣҵģžžž˵
[Ҫʹֺ·]
ˣ·ֱ֧ҪҪġ
Ȼ񲻽Īþ͸׬ǮͩȻ볢һ¡
һϲսǱйǿԽӴ
[ҽ]
Ѿµ;ͣ
ͩԹͣСһ԰СͤλɩڡǺӲáˡ
ͩҪμǵĶ
Űţٷ˾Ѿˡ
ֻͩͥҲùżٷˡżٷˡ
λǷ֮
ͩ軨Ůô
Ҷ뻨ƺϵ
ͩԸλɩɩûиõģǾֱ
ŰţСűޡɣȵСŮٶϲ
λǶǿ޵ˣԳޣҲֲ˼ġ
ҶҶСսӡ
ŰЦЦҶƺϵ
ͩɩô
λΣ
ŰţǺãƺơ
ͩô
ҶĢǹùð
λŮ᲻㣿
ŰţǲŮŮ
ͩҸ˱ȽƫͲأ
ҶҶԡ
λҲԡ
Űţû⡣
ͩҵȻһʲɡ
Űţٺ٣Ҳ϶ѡǸҲҶģ
ҶҾѡʲôأ
λҲܸ𰸡
ͩ΢΢һЦǵһε̨ݳвʮʱ䣬Ҿ㹻һ赸ˡ
ɩɩͬʱ
ŰŲģôֲۣרҵģʮ̫˰ɣҲҪ
λͷҾͦŤģҲϲ
ҶЦҲ裬ʲôֶᣬСͺϲϷһ㡣
ͩ΢΢һЦμĿ϶ҪҪġ
ŰţҲһɣֵ֮ģǼִһҲҪ
λȻҪģôڽĿȵҪǼڲűݺˣεǳͺϳһ׸ˡ
ҶԸѧģѧҲòá
ͩҳ˽⣬Ӧͦͥڳ̨ϺϳҪ辶ǰһĸо
ŰţͬСûʲôõģϹڵ۾ҲһʱôԺҪô.

ͩʵĿǹŷģȽҲȽ١
λŷͦģòûΡ
ҶÿҪ׼λҲҪҲ֪ܲС
ͩҴúܺÿĺ裬ֽɡЩ̨ɫӦʹӡ̡
ɩ
ͩǶһɣ볪׸衢ĳϷʲôʱʲô赸
ർǱ߹ͨ˽尲֮ٷϢǣҪȥҲˡ
Ҷǿ˵Ǹŷɣ֪Ѷжߣòÿ
ͩɵͷõģƵǼ˵ȺǸķȽϺãǾӶĽɡ
ȻεǳֿˣǲҲ϶˳ȹ׶ΣĿ껹ҪһЩǾǵ
ŰǺģǺðһҪ취ȡ򣬶ۡ
λҶǵġ
ҶҲһúñֵġ
ͩ΢΢һЦ
Կɿɴͩѡѡˡ
ʣλɩӣ˰ɣ
ͩЦһЦ࣬ʱ˵ǡ
ԿɿɺͰ˵ɩΪΪ˳ȻҲи뷨϶ϰŵġ
ɩΪҲʹİҲԹԣʹ㡣䲻Цʮ
ɩֱڿҲûлۣͽ˵㣬ʹƢҲͦеġ
ͩͷ֪ɩɩǶͦõġ
Կɿףһ㣬¶Ҹ
ʱ֦ˣ˺ãлһ̸̸
Կɿɵ˵ɡ
ǡ֦żɽãҲμӡǺӲá
ͩеԾĸˡ
֦ҡͷĿҪÿαĸϳԱ󱸶Ա
ͩԿɿɣԿɿûб̬
֦͵ҽһͨ涼ûУһ
ͩһ뷨ŰŹƻ᲻ͬ⣬ЩΪѡ
ԿɿɣҪĿ𣿰Ӧòûаɣ
֦ͷ˵ҲҪЩģμӸŮ˵ġҲŮһԲϱݡ
Կɿɣк󱸳ԱȻǺ£¾ͲҪˣֻҪͩͰŰͬ⣬Ŭ
ǣллˣ֦ĵЦ

 37 

ͩƼʱ䵽ԿɿҪݵĵˣ뿪ݡ
֦һ·԰ֻҪͬˣŰžûˡ
ͩڳϣʵ֪ɩǿ϶ͬμӵġ
֦ҲǡǺӲáȫԴգܹھͷǰ¶Ǻйġ
ͩΪѵ˵Ϊã治մɩǴŮˣȴǲٷˣġ
֦ס֣ŰţģֻڶԱҽȥͺá
ͩർͨһŰѶͶԱһȥڻܶһԱġ
֦Ͼûвϱݣһ鸾λŮȫں͸ţʧҲЦ󷽡
ͩòҰɣȷʵûôʣҲǲҵˣշҲһǵĲ
֦ί˵˲ҶŰ۸ң꣬ҲûоϽĿӡ
ȷʵԸŮ˵պܸȤ͸λ̫̫򽻵
ͩ͵û㣬ֻΪӳҪǺܶ෽棬κβڲҵ鶼Ժ
֪ҪʵĿģҪ˵ֻ
֦˵Ŀ˶Ǻ̫̫õϿɣҲǲҵ̫̫
ǣСҲýȢϱȻǲү̫̫𣿡
ҺŹӰ鸾ģҳûһֽ顢ûеõһٷ˵ĳƺ֮⣬Һһġ
Ȼûô߹󣬵Ҳң㸻ԣͥûʲôɶĲ𣿡
ǸĺּҵٷˣһͥҶĻҹһ޺ɹٵδ޶ҡ
ҲСɣ޵Ȧ꣬ȴղڼùƵġ
ͩɣȷʵҲŬ⡣
ͩ룬˵ű֮ǰܹõɩͬ⣬Ҿͻӭļ롣
֦յ˵϶ԵģʹͬˣҲ˵ʲôҪͬ⣬Ǽֱǲܵġ
ͩ΢΢֦̾㣬Ŷ϶ҪдɩûͼˣҵҲܲ㡣
һܶ鶼޷˳ɣҲŶӵۺˮƽֻĬ㣬˵ŶӲЭ
ôˣϣ󱸣ҲܱǸҪȾɩ
֦̬ˣֻõͷӦǺõģʹɡ
ͩ΢΢һЦ
磬ͩ绰֣˵ɩǵ뷨Լ֦
־֦Բ̫̫ݲμӡǺӲáҲ޿ɺǣͩõԲ˵ġ
ͩ⻰ֻ֦࣬Լȡˡ
֦Űһ޶ϵӲʩŰʮСʱҲȻòŰŵͬ⡣
ҹӲ֦ŰŵңŮڷ
֦Ҳã֮֮飬Űһҹ֮ǰõ˶Է׿ظͬμӽĿĳŵ
֦ͩȺ֮Űžͷһա
Űţ֪ΪʲôкȦΪ֦ħ
ţ͵ĵƬͣȫ֦ЩΪ
֦ԼЩգװһƵûðݡ
ͩԱǶгڰ顣
ҶŮİ絽ˡ
ͩԼױ磬ͦõġ
·ϲҴĸ
ͩĶԱһ£ʿװɡ
΢΢Ҳʺӷ𣿡
ͩƳһۣһ߻üһ˵ϲʿ
ǰһϲ̵ȥˡ
ɵϡͩЦӯӯԼò
ֻ·ɳϵȴͩ䵹ȥҲûҺ봩·
˵ʣʲôǾġ
ͩһһһ
顿
[ߣ]
߹ȥ˱¹ϣңʿҪʲôŮӲã
ͩתת飺
Ǿʹȹˡְ¹ɫɴȹóݸ
ðɡͩԹԽӹȹӾȥ
ȴһַһ̧°ͣס졣
һΣΣΡ
ͩηȵĵֿҡ
΢Ц˵㴽ϵɫһԡ
ͩ۾ӣɫˡ
ҧҧҲ̲סЦ⣬ϽֵİΧԡҡ
ȹ߳ڰǰתһȦô
סԼĿڣϲܵ˵Ūҵġ
ţͩЦʣʲô
ĵ°Ĺ
ַֹԼĿڴĶģΪ㡣
ͲҪǡ
ͩߵЦ˵Ҫɧɺòãǹ
ĿɿڴĿЦ֪Ц˿̿ЦݣԼҲ鲻ԽЦ
ߵߵߵС˵̫̫ʱ䵽ˡ
õģͩתȥױ̨ǰú
סһԾӡ
మʱ䵽𣿡
ͩͨӿ߰ɡ
ȴһѽԭתһȦ§ס֣˼ȡ
ͩղʶˣڷӦ뿪
һνסʹɵԼһֻһȣƹƵĴתȦȦ
ͩ˫§סӣתĹĿӣӭһһĶĵ
ڻ̤֮ʵأĶ֪Ŀ
ΪָĬĬü¡
ǣ߳䣬Ӷ˵ĸ֮ǰá
ͩ˵㺦Һˣ벹ҡ
ַӦһ;ϲ˵ɣÿμ㶼ѣҲҸ𡣡
ͩû˵ʲôЦеļ·

 38 

ׯ԰͵˻ʿǲɵҽͬ¡
ҽѧڣϲѧҽԺҶж׷
ߴַ棬Ǹкǫǫӣүݣûôͱ˹ˡ
ҶҲĿǰλϱУΨһɷöģҲĸŨ⡣
Ŀǰ⣬ϣһӳܶŮ˫ȫĺɷͷˡ
еĸ죬ἰԼμӡǺӲáӳͩ
Ҷܺ棬ͩεºԽλɩӶΪӳ
ҶͩǸȫܵСˣɩǶʮ𾴺Ѻá
ĪģͩͱΧˡ
εǣͷ˾Ȼǲᯡ
Ա΢ЦĿ
ԱĿûΧ
ԱĿƺ뿴ݡ
ɩһɩһĴġ
㱻ٳ˾գգۡ
ͩգգۣҴǹȹ㡣
û°Ů᯻һСν衣
ͩǺܻ裬һǿԵġвУݲ᯵Ķ赸
Ӵǣ᯹Ĺƣ񫰡
ͩˣ˻е衣
ȴ㵸˵нС
ͩԼ赸ʵ̫
ٺȻַ١
ֻͩúͲһ̽ꡣ
ָ˼ƬԺվԱֱݳϡ
žžžžžž
˷׷׹ƣ˵ԲģҲϲȢ˸˱ӡ
ܺãȫǣͩҫͩȥϴּҲҪſ
ͩò̾Ů⻷ĶĿ
ȥҶǸղ˱ķͷǺܲ˼
ҶЦŰڰ֣᲻ᣬմĹ⡣ɲҪˣɩҴأܸôвŻ
[ȻĺŮ䶼ϲŮֻлŮŮ]
Ů䶼оݲŮѽ
ͩÿɷһСġ
߹ɣ
˵Ŀ϶Ҫ
Ҳˣͩɣ

ͩҽڣ־ʹ˲Ƽϣѡ㡣
[ţ]
ڣ
ͩڲֺͲԵĸĿ⵱УЦӯӯĺͲ̤ء
ƿĵ˵û뵽Ļѡңûз
ͩЦһЦǺþûнӱ˴ˣе㻳ء
[Ϊʲôҵ̨ģ]
֪Ŷ
[Ϊʲô]
ˣ㲻ڲǰ¶ǵļ飬ѡ˲ơ
[飿Һûͨ飡]
ԭѾͨˡ
[ô߰ŲΪʲôأûдٽ]
ַͲ֮ģ޵й۲ǡ
ҲΪѡͲ˴׸ף˺󲻽Ӹڵ·㣬һҵʱͰԵǿ㡿

[ڲֻ᲼׽]
֪ŶеıˣҪȥǳˣԲߣֺҲͦ㡿
ַ˵ҿĲɵģҵ˰ɣ
ͩҡͷûУġ
ЦһЦ赸ɣȥɣǸˡ
ͩеΪʲôô˵
ʼ磬ûд𻰡
ͩĿ֮ԽԶ˲ߡ
۾ǣǣͩȥ԰Ǳ߿᯺ͱϷ
ͩżҲӽȥһϷ鲻ĺһЩơ
Ƴй۲ԴȵĹ⿿ڲּϣҪ֪ˡ
Ӻ͵鵽ʧ˲Ŵ˯
üĿĿżϵСˣͲԼ֮Ǳ䵭ˡ
ԼӦͩͩûϲĽ㡣
ƻûȫͩʵԹעͩһһҲĿõġ
ֲ֪ԼˣֻҪš
ţ
ֿЦһ£ֻͩϵİ£ѹͲŮˡ
໣Ϸ˷
ͩ۶ϲֵ濴Լ
طϢˣ컹Ҫɩ顣
һЦŶԭǻ˵
ţͩµģǻ˵
԰ǣվϵһãΨһͬǣֻ
ͩ͵Ĩ˶ٷۣǰǲרѧ·׷Ů
ϵ˵Ҷû·ֻġ
ͩˡ
صԼӾԡ˼ǺӲá飬ƽ¼Ҫ㡣
ׯ԰ȼ̻ˡ
ͩԡҵĴǱڲʹ±ͯ硣
[ǲǴˣҾͻʧ]
ʧ޷صԭˡ
[ҲʧĻҾˣ]
ģҪߵˣĹܸݷȷǷ硿
[ˣͩô]
Ȼţжһģһ൱Լȴͬһ꣬ƽˡ
ͩڵģ͹ʵϲڣΪʵġ
ͩһȻʧĸо
˯»صд֡Ʈ󣬷д顣
ι

һͷȵ˵ŮΪʲô·ûģ
ֽͩǷŮͦ𣿡
ƤЦ˵ޣǹ£
ɽغ˸
ֽͩĵϣҲҪζ黰Ҫʵ뷨
ֺ޹ⲻζ黰ʫ
ߡͩ˺ĤӽͰ
ƼԼ⻬ƤĿȡ
ͩŮˣ֪Լһһɢ˶Ϣ
ȶ˵ɴֻˢ΢˾Ϩ˯
ϴһ߿
ͩͷҲ̧ʣлҪ˵𣿡
ǵġ
˵ɡ
ֵ§ס̧Ҫ㡣
ͩͷȵĿһ˵ȴѾ̫ˡ
ס΢΢ſͣ
ͩĳһζȣǼҪûˡ
ܻӭ̬³޷侲ĶǣƻƷ
Сֿͩʱ򡣡
ɫʣʲô˼
һûҪҪϲ㡣
Ϊʲôϲң
ͩƿ˵ȥɳɡ
ԥıԣɲԣ
ҡͩ͸ſֱסˡ
ĵת˼Ȧ֮ͩǰʹƿ
Ҫ˯߿
ίͰ͵ע
ͩԼǺñӣ
ȥɳϢ

 39 

ɸŮ˳Ʒǳǵ̨ȫԴսĿǺӲáѾ˺Ƭ
ǳżҡ³ҡĺּҡǲҺǸңͥȷϲ롣
ҡҺԼΪҲȷϱɹ
һļͥк󱸶ԱĿǰαʮŮӣ͹Ŵѡеһƴ
ޱڴýҲǳעĿĽչػÿ춼ϳ֡
ͩȻԹŷܡ
ѶѶȵ˵㣬˰նԱĶӫĺɫɫӡ
Űһȱʾ̫ǹ㳡裬װʱȻŰ۴
ƼԼͻԣڿϹԹԵѧϰ赸
֦裬ȴľܾˡ
ŰΪǲϱ֦ϱҲԼ̨ͬݳⱻЦûûС
ֻ֦Ĵһߣۿͩλɩ衣
λ飬ÿŵĶһȽϺãóӡֽɡɫ
Ҷ飬ȻҪɫÿ˵ķװһȽϺãɫͬͲͬҲͬɫͬ
ͩʾ̨Ϸװ˶ʿܻۻңֳֶһܻ赸һµĴ
飬ӱװҲɫҲͳһֻͶ̹ϵĻƲһ
⣬ԱɸԼͺϲķͣ͹ɫˡ
ҶԴûЭ赸Ҳѧͩǵļʡ
ݼţǺӲáʼ¼ˣһֱʽ̫̫ǵıݳָڡ
ͩǰɩǳ˽˷ɻǳǣסĿ鰲ŵĹԢ
ÿͥŮںͱķҲλˣֵ࣬ڹԢסƵꡣ
ͩҡļαĺţ״ε̨ʱڵ˳λ
ɩǰٺˣһżͥʼȥ̫̫к
ǳżĿǰֻٷˣμӽĿŮǳֶӵ̫̫
δּңĿӣֶͬϱҲ
Ŵٷ˵ɷǳȻĳ˶ӳһ֪֪ŮѧԣֵĲǸٱݡ
żͥ³ҵٷ˺ʹС㡣
Сˣɷ׸ŮҲƵҵ̫̫
ĿӣͬѻŮҲܲ
ٷ˵İ³Ϊ˶ׯͻݣǰҲǵСȻȻ˶ӳ
żͥĺּҵٷ˺С㡣
ֳһǵŮǿˣڳӲ̣ǳȺĴŮ
СϸҪҲ۰ãǰѽӡ
˲ó֮⣬鷨滭õó֣ó⿺Ϸ
ˣҲĳ˶ӳ
żͥϳúϱ
ҶʮǰͬҲٸ꣬һĳ߶ˣ֮λɵʱʮǧС̳С
ú͵ܵȫͬĸģȻ۰Ķһ֮
ӳǧС㣬һûĻС׻ܳҲ죬һݼˡ
ЩǧСȻԳǱҵ̫̫ȴ̫̫ܺصԼ
ǻǰ󶼿ɹˣ׸ŮҪǵ顣
ϡߺ½ϡ˺ŹϡźŹϺʮųϼͥ
ͩԼ֪˲αϢú÷һԼҶԱͱ˱ȽϵƣΪ֮ıͳ滮
ʱÿͥҪŶȥ̨ϲŽĿ
ͩӳһ뿴˵ıݣĿܾˡֻ˽½һʲôݣԹϢ
ҪˣͩɴϺŮ΢š
ԣڼ
ƣһ
Ӳ裺Һ㰡
Ͳõġ
ԣ𣿡
ƣţ
Ӳ裺𣿡
ͲûС
ԣԵģͣ
ƣҿŶ
Ӳ裺ȻңҲˣ
Ͳлл
ԣ~
ƣ~
Ӳ裺ôô~
Ͳź~
ֻӣͩעΪСǡĶԻһ˯ı
Сǣ˱
ͩ΢΢ЦŽ硣
գŮɵǹ̨ǺӲá׼Ĵ̨
ֳһǧˣΪѻŮʿδŮӡѻʿδȺ壬ݼαǵıֽϲͶƱ
רҵˣŮȫλݼαǵıͶһƱ൱ڹڵʮƱ
ǹ̨һһ㣬˫ɵǼһһԲ˰޽ӡ
֣װĹǺãܸŮƵԼڴˣ˷С
Ů֣˸ʫ顣
ͩɩںֱ̨Ȼ֪״ಢΪֿˣȻЩıֲöѳЦ
һżαż̫̫ĶǡŵƽʡӦԮɫΪɫ־ǡ
һ̨ʽ裬öԵĸԺŮԵ
żα̫̫ĶǡӦԮɫΪɫ־¡
ưȹӯװֻ߹һʱñͶʱһµ衣
鸾ɫɴȹǳŵͬӥ׽СƵĺˡ
ƨһŤһŤҡڣͬЭӮࡣ
ֳڷǳĺҲͦȤ
Сı忴Ǽ糾ŮڱƽȵĿҲǶԽ׼ıԼķ˹Ŀ࿴
ʫ飺̫̫ԸŵϷʽǽһͯ£ŽѰãϵƴ̾Ϊֹ
żαּ̫̫ĶǡĺʹӦԮɫǳɫ־̫
һֻţ衢õģֳڻǻԾ
ĺżα̫̫ĶǡӦԮɫɫ־ľ
ֳƹⰵֻɫӫڻӶ
ǡǡ
ĸźɫӫӰİУٺõ𽥺
Űӳھ۹£װ߶˴ĶľӢ
ǿƵҧҧӣ͸һѱ̶Ŀ⿴һ
۹ƴλϣװƮᣬľ
峺˷˾Ĵʦ㣬͸һɲʳ˼̻Ϣ̶ָֽһ
۹ҶװЦ޶ˣƻĴŮ
ʱתһתֽɡʱһָͷƺڵˣĿĳ
ȫٴΰĸ۹ƴڱõСϡ
ͩװԼ󷽣崿鲢ïĳһ׶Ĺŷ
һЦһ򭶼ôȻһһ欣һֻԸеСҲһֻãС
ڵķγӾһֻƤСǣ׽͸
½ֻӫߣ̨
Ůͳһӣ뻮һ赸
ͩݳĲǳĶں󷽰衣
žžžžžžҹơ

 40 

ͩλɩӱݽվŵȴʻ
СЦ߹λ̫̫Ǻá
ʦá
Сǵװ翴Һ񶼸иݡʫ飬Ƕʲôλأ
ʫЦһЦҲ²£ֽ̫̫̫̫Ů̫̫ǹټҽޣ̫̫ǣС˵أ
С˼ڤӡ
ͩ΢ЦĿ
СʣǷֵĸ輧Ů
ͩ
˺Цһ
ʫ飺ᳪ赯õ
ͩͷҳò𣿡
СЦ˵ӦûһױҲԸһЩ
ͩ޹˵ԸڹǲƤҹ⻯ΪС׻Ϊ⧲Ļꡣ
Ҷ˵԰ҶͩˣϽϴװɴϸԵ
ٴκЦҲ˹ơ
С˵к󱸶ԱΪʲôأ
Űţ󱸶ԱҵСţֻһԺǻ֣ʱԼʶȽϺá
ʫ飺̫̫ٲμӽĿһ͵ִͱ̨ʲôأ
λͦŵģһһֱŬ͡
ʫ飺СҲֳʲô˵𣿡
λ΢ллһúõģİɡ
ʫ飺̫̫Ļָúܺã˴ôԶ᲻ǣҺأ
ҶЦһЦȻˣҲžܾϹݣҪڼú麢ӣͺһΪҴ
Сּ̫̫ԭӦԮɫɫָǵɫײ˲ŲòʱɫǷȷд£
ͩǵģǳǲŷֱ˴˵ɫһġ
ʫ飺ΪʲôǱ߸أ
ͩһȭ˭ɫ
ʫ飺ˣʲôɫأ
ͩɫ
Сѡɫʲôԭأ
ͩΪɫůġϣɫ
Ҷɫǽġ˵ɫ
λɫõġɫ
ŰţɫҲǰɫ

СɫӦǺɫ߷ɫ𣿡
Űţÿ˵İɫǲһģ鱾ûɫģǱ˶ɫ
СΪʲô㶨Լİɫأ
Űţҵλ˵ůġ˵ġõģɫ
С˵İҲõģ
ŰţȻ¶ȿԱȱļͥҪߣҲ۹ȣܳȴףȺȾưҹһ㡣
СɫԼ𣿡
ͩģҾ̹˺͸
ʫЦ˵ףԸǵİһĹ⣬Ҹδ
ͩգգۡ
żα̫̫ĶǡӡӦԮɫΪɫ־Ҷӡ
Ǳݵִ裬з̨۸ʮֱըȫΪ֮ڡ
֮½˼֧飬ˡ
ǵһǵڶǵ
ͩԴ˱ʾ⣬Це뿪̨ȥͲƼ档
ֻû뵽ǣԾȻҲǳǡ
Եݸһõ壺ϲ쿪ʤ
ллͩӹСš
ƻλֻЦ˵¼˺ǫ̈ϵľ˲䣬ֳնУһ߳Էһ߿ɣ
գ̫ͩţ̨ȫλģƭң
ѽƱQˡ
ͩ첽׷ȥֻƬ
˵ʱ۵ͩ˼ʱ۵ͩʱ۵ͩС
ȫץĵһ˲飬ƵͻȻͣʱĻ澵ͷȷʵÿһŶЦ
ͩˣյֻɾƬ
ٹҳգ
ЦҶ
ЦһҲƬɾˡ
еϧԼûмʱͩ˲䡣
ͩ͵ѹûзۣǶȵ⣡ҲǶۣһ˲伯һѣ
ȻЦ£졣
ߣԷˡͩίͰ͵ĵͷ
ͷԣǲһƽϡ
ͩŲһ㣬ͷ
ٴβźۼĿ
ͩûЦˣҲǹģ
ͩ˵´ˡ
Ϊѵ˵ҿɲܱ֤һֻأ
ͩһۣ򿪲Ƶаʳ
ҲһٷĹ򣬸ǺӲáĿйصİⶼǰʮѰˡ
У#̲̫̫#ǰĸ浣ⶼǲʺƨΨڲͬ
ͩȺ˺˲ŵ΢̲̫̫µۡ
ĺʹķ˿Լ·Ѷ²ۡռӦԮɫΪ
ĺּ˵ĸоǸɫйصģɭ̫֡Щּҳõı־
ҷǶúɫɫٽĿ¼˻ƵּæҵĸӦԮƷʵ̫ˡ
ڡĺʹõĳɫҲǳϻƻյʫ⣬˱˶û˿εı֣Ȼ˷ָ
ҲҴٷǿջЦĽƱɫĺ壬ҲǼֿЦġ
Ͼ꣬ٷ˺С̫ûڣ˹ϵˮݵģҲĿõġ
ֱֳ˵ϹʵЦԷǡ
ѾȻҵϹӣ϶ǱεġǲҲҪɫͩһвʹӪҵ
ͩڻشԼּҾɫʱ򣬲ûжּҲòʱӦԮɫֳ֮飬ƺԼȭӮˡ
ǾֵǸ˸ºŽ̲̫̫
ͩ˵ֵָҲ˵̲̫̫Ҳͦġ
᲻һ£ҲĲ
û뵽СҲܱѷŴۣäĿָ
ûпǵײɫ˼ǲܣǱʶƺΪײɫձ顣
ʱעǱ־ǷĶͬû뵽ּһ᲻ϽӦԮɫͬ
ɫǳ̶ȣǶԷ黮ȭġ
ʤӮˣƾʲôܸοͱǸ⣬ǹڿѡ
ͩίѾûλǧСԺˡ
ưο޹ֻع鹫Ԣˡ
ȴû뿪Ǵδ
Сºҳݣ㲻Ҫ˺𣿡
ˣеܡ
˵Ȧİֻǿı棬ѹỨ˼˽Ǳ
ʵС¶ǸҷԵСϣûʲôɱķ˿ѹмЩӣȻİ㡣
ֱۣͩ鶼ǺǲһӡǺҪ
ɰΧǾ͵ֺˣҶΪעһһУһڱһڱָãǶĺøоͻߡ
Ѿδֻ֪ƾһ֮ʾͷȫԺƺϢҲܸ侲˼㡣
ͩתת飺Ϊøˣ
ʧ֪Ǹ˴ŵѣֵġ 
Ե§סͩԼ롣

 41 

ͩһϽֵ̧סԣſң
Բս䣺ͻȻ֣ϲ𣿡
ͩûоϲȷſңҪ˿ˣ
Թ˫ֱ𣿡
ͩż˼Σѽǲֵӣ
˲ǲǲϲң
԰ͩ˵֮ǰѾˣҲϲ㡣
Ҳš˸е˵ûˣΪʲôҪң
Ҫ㣿ͩΪѵʣ㲻ÿθ΢춼䵭㲻Ҳĵ绰𣿡
ԷſĿϲ֣
һûϲ㣬Ҳϲ㡣
ͩǸ˵һֵӣͶκβΪ͹ϵ
ԲҲллݳ˵˸ղЩο˵Ļ
ϲ㣬һ㣬ڴ֮ǰ㲻Ҫҡ
ͩû˵ĻᣬƿܽԢ
[Ҿϲ]
㲻ϲ㣿
[ϲϲǲͬ]
ͩܣûͷ˿
бʾЩŮȻϲŮţᱻŮһ÷ǳֶǿưֱһĸӲŵɡ
ʱŮѾŮһPUAˣĶѱŮһţŮûκΰ飬ջͺǵĸװϡ
[˵]
˵ǣʹϲ˲֣ҲһΪеŮһš
ͩûЦ
[ǾҺͲ߲]
ûУֻǸԤ룬ܻܶŮϲһŮٰһŮˡ
ͩϡŮһŻŮţϣֵĽֱκһɫĶҪá
֪Ϊʲôϲ֣
[ϲûɣĪϲϲЦݣϲҵϲ黰]
[һҺܿģҰԣԵҲԣΪǱʶҡ]
[ÿﶼʶһˮġġĸŮ]
ĸ
[ŮӵʱҶûȫʶϷĴ]
[ֻкһҲԼңԼʵˣһ]
Ƕ˹Ŷ
[ǵİɣûаȫУңÿοӮ󣬾]
λɰĶ߱ʾϲ㣬ͣǵģ̫ġ
[õ]
ҹ˾׼˯ˣͩɴֻ
֦ţͩд档
ʲôѽͩ´
˾ˣҿ
ŰĴͩķţãע
ͩĴš
Ű鲢ïĿͩɫʣһҵ˼סݡ
[ţ]
ҶڸںŨ谡ΪʲôأޣԭӶ΢Ц
֦µģĦ˹𣿡
Űţǳʱڳĺĺϣ˵仰һܹ㵽Ϊڶһղ̫ˡ
λɳЦЦ
ҶĿͩ쿴վȫǰⷢӣֻ˵λεɣҿϱըˡ
֦ʣۣǧﴫ𣿰Ҳˣ
Űŷ˸ۣоһȥ
ͩߺסЦֽš
Ҷס첲һԣǸŨʲô˼
ŰҲסһֱֻۣӦòǵһô˰ɣ
֦˷ܵʣ֮ǰ˵ʲôûûģ
ѽǱ
ͩɬѵЦ˵ͷأطˡ
λҲ߹ĵãùڿõġ
׷ްɣ֦˫ֺʮŰˣ
ŰٴηۣǺǡ
ͩŤŤҪطɩվǷ
ϴ϶СƵͨѶ
ִһƺɫ˿˯²ڴϣֳͷ¶Ըеظ
ͩӣ˵أңģ
΢΢Ц˵֪㣬һʱûܻصʵ
˵
ģ㣬ɾ
ͩߵ˵Ժˣڴʱᱻɩǿ
üĿĿдžͺˣֱӰԼ͵ǰ׿ڸ㽲
ͩһȵĿ
ּ鲻Цʣ˵㣬Ҫ𣿡
ܾͩȴ˿ڡ
ƽ徵ͷơ
ͩʶ̿ˮ
ˡ
ͩһǿҵһˡ
Сûôһˡ
뿴ͩƺꡣ
ֲٵɵº͵Ŀͩ
ͩȴҿˣ˵ҪɩMV飬˯ɣ
ʣѵûΪʲô᣿
Ҫʲô
㿴õۣﲻʹͿԸ˵㿴õҲԸҽ
̧ͩһۣСϺɩǶ˵СѶǵûʲôӰ죬⣬Ҳûвˡ
֣ǾͺãסˣԺ󲻹ʲôõĻģֻҪ߶ǵңıܷۡ
ͩͷıܷأ
㰡ЦһЦǰûбܷۣҲ˭ıܷۣҰ㣬ԸĸƷҲ
ͩ¶һССЦݣƷ
԰㣬Ůˡֳŵ磬ҪΪ㿪ٵءڷ絲ꡣ
ͩ͹ﲨ絽ˣȫ鷢Ȼ
ɲҪֻǴڡ
Ҳڣһܶڡ
ţͩ⻰ֵֹġ
ָȷ𰸣Ҽܺá
[Ȼ]
ͩٿƳҪˡ
õģҵŮ£־
źߣСӡͩõжͨѶ

 42 

磬ŶһĿ顣
ͩҪĿ黭鷨ʫʽɩ𣿡
λû⡣
ͩͽ֦ˣɩɩǾأ
ŰţҲͰͰˮ̫߿ˡ
֦PK˭ĺþ˭ϡ
Űţɵίĺðɡ
֦ߣ
ͩʵеҪɩպ
Ű룺ðɣҲ뻭
ͩɩô
ҶϽҡͷֻ塢ͷ壬ҲǸ֡
֦һΧ壬ˮƽһ㡣
λһ߾壬塣
ͩҶԣҪһˣ˭أ
ŰţҲҪ衣
λҲ裬Ҳ볪衣
ҶҲ裬Ҳˡ
֦ҿ裬軹Уˡ
Űſ֦㲻Ǻܻ𣿡
֦ίûкܻᣬǰڼżҪѣǲҪҡ
ͩףǾҺ֦裬Һɩ裬ҺʹɩϷɩͶɩˡ
ŰţҶмĿˣպ⿡
λʫϷ
ҶǳϷ
֦ǻ衣
ͩǳ衢⿣ͻûʵˡ
ҰԼֶȺǽÿĸǸ֣ʱֳ˭ս
û
Ŀǰաʫͻû油һͼһɩʫɩ
ͩƽ壬MV飬ʲô뷨𣿡
ŰЦ˵봩ŻɴĺŮǣһͦõġ
λº͵˵˻ɴ֮⣬û⡣
Ҷ۾˵Ҳ봩ƯȹϷκ
ͩ
λôˡ
ҶЦİڰ֣˼
֦ǻԱ֯ȦͷϣϵźСɳ̲ϣһҪܹǵȹӶ͸ˣҪǧ
ŰһĶ
ͩЦ˵Ҷ뿴Ҳ֪ӵ̫̫᲻Ҳȥ
λ󺣺ǿúģ̫̫ҲҪǿñĲõȺ
ͩͷǲǶдһ
Ҫ˰ɣŰ۵˵ǶӳԼһǿûˡ
ͩһ˿Ĳȫ
Űţķȫӽȥˡأϲʲô㾡ͺˣ
ҶҲͷǰͩǶӳǶģ
ͩλԷһ΢Ц
֦Һܼ򵥣ûҲ
õģһᲩڳģͩϻصԼҡ
ҹΪ̲̫̫MV籾𴲾ӡˢ˼ݳɸɩǡ
ֻ绰ˡ
ͩС죺ôˣ
֣ɸӴˣǩһ¡
ͩɻſڣʲô˵˻
֣ǸԱѾĿĵˣûдֻš
ͩεĴţ˽ĿĹԱȴûƼԱ
˵Ҫʼ¼ĿˣȻСϰÿݡҲˣż˵ɧ
֣ðɣˡ
ͩҪ¼ƵǱճһЩֻҪñ顢û˵ˡ
ͨ΢񣬷˿һֱżֻϢҲûе˿
ϴͨԺǡ̲̫̫ɹ˷˿ʡ
δûֳ̫ŵǰ£ƺҪնļǰܱ֤˿ڽĿ֮ʳǧ
Ϊ˱ھͷǰҪϲϲûܳΪܻӭ̫̫Ҳ벻Ҫᡣ
ɲ֧
ҲûиԼ裬ΪϷ̫ˣʹСĽҲܱ̣οԼԸõġ
ĿǰҶ̬ȶҲúСϳûʵ䷴μӽĿĶǶ̫̫ǹԹԵıȽϺá
Ҳ̸٣ͩע⵽һñӵˡ
ñƺʦȴֺ˸롣ķǳãҲȺ
ͩ뿪ñӡ
ñӿˡ
ͩ͵ң
ñӼϳԼϽӰˡ
ͩ׷ȥһֱ׷̨ϡ
Ӱʦ󣬺һ̨תһȦ
ţִЦӯӯʻ
ͩһֻС¹ײҲ֪ǲŵġ
˿ӰʦβҪ˰ɣ
ӰʦһۣİɣڿԼԶһ㡣
֣Һ̫̫иԼᣬ̫ǿ
Ӱʦˣޣǲˣ㡣
ͩߴĵͷ
ְѻݸˡ
ͩӹóƬ˿дļ黰
ִñӣǣصҡ
ͩû˵ٴñӣ
Ŀº͵ʣΪʲôأ
ͩ˵Ҳ˵̲̫̫ӳǽ
ֺӼ룬Ȼս졣
ͩ˵ǽ·ߣֻõͷϵñӾͻӦ
־ϲѣӼˡ
ͩѵĵֿҪŪҵױ
ֺȻ뵽ʲôʱ
֣ͩˣ
´ñӣӿڴͳһƬݹȥίĶ
ͩƬǵһڽĿ¼ƵԼͲڽ̸Ļ档
§סͩͩͲĿӣһе¡
ίʣղңǲ飿
ͩʣ˸ҡң
ĵͷ
ͩջѣõñڵϺݺݵزһš

 43 

Ҳϲˣͩίش̨žҪܵ
ָϽסǹ͵ĵģǾⲻ֤ݣҲִҪһǮ
ͩҡϡ
ֵϥǰҽ͡
Ϊʲôͣ
ҲҪС
ͩʣ㲻ң
̧ͷΪ㣬㲻ͣҿܺ㡣
ͩͷûжԲ㣬ûϲˣҲԲ㣬ϲˣҲԲ㣬ϲˡ
üĿ΢Цʣϲң
ͩҡͷڿҪҪϲ㡣
ΪʲôҪǣ
Ϊ㲻ס
ﲻˣ
ҸоǸɧõĻϹ
ס֣ҳĿǰûرΪ֤רһģ˵ĻɲǼٵġĺϲ㣬㡣
ͩɬĵͷȥΪʲô׶ģܶǶ׸ŮǱ¶ǵ˼˵ĻҪŽŵ˵
룺ǸֱӵŮ˰ɣϲҪ֪֪㻹ûϲңҲŸҪ㿪ġ
Ҫÿ춼ϵ㣬ⲻΪˢڸУȷʵ֪Ľ뼰ʱ˽뷨
ⲻΪж㣬ΪĹ㣬ϲһǲϲҶá
Ըϲűšӣϲ㱾һӦõ飬˵㿪ҲӦõġ
Ҳǿ˵黰ϲѾˣһ¾ͻﻵ˵ˣֶһ϶˼ϲ㡣
Һ˵ɽ˺ΪҾҪʱж֤ģֻҪһᣬҾ֤㿴
ϣ㲻ҪΪʱػΪǲ׵ġ
ҾֵиŮˣӦܸҸġ
ͩۿʪˣΪʲôϲأΪҺÿ
˼һ£ÿϲԭ֮һԲΪÿ
˵ܿɰȤҺϲоԽԽŨˣͰˡ
ǰûа˭ȷʵԼǰϲ㡣
ͩգգۣʲôͬ
ӵϲ㣬һΧһԼġ
ʱһΧһ㿪ġ
ϲ㣬ܳʯɻͳǱͳͳ͸㡣
ʱҵҵһСҵһ㡣
ͩ§סӣҲٴñӣΪǶҵһ衣
Բ𡣡ͣա䡢°͡ͷͱӡ
ͩоԼǲֵ󱦡
ֱסͩʣǶʲôΪʲô㣿
֪ͩԼΪʲôҪѣ˵̲̫̫еܣ˵ûοңĪͱˡ
㣿
ͩ˵ҲԺܿƿˣҲʶԼʧǸˡ

ͩӣ㲻ң
ǲᶨ˵Ҳκ㡣
ͩ½ǰìܣ˵ˣҺûʲôģһ׻ޣҲûϲҡ
ס֣ͩûϲ𣿡
ͩͷ
ҵŮҪ㡣
ͩʱҪ˰ɣ
ϲԸģ
ͩ˵ԸⰡһҪ¼Ŀأ
ЦһЦҵ㡣
緹ͩͼɩMV飬һͨ˲ŸĿȥ㡣
ɩӶԾ籾廹⣬ûȱ˵㶫岻ޡ
ͩʵҲ򣬵Ŀʽ𲻹
ŰţҲ̫˰ɣ
ҶʵҲ⣬ʲô㣬̫̫ǵҪ϶ܸߡ
ŰţǾԼǸĵƯƯͺá
λ⼸˴Ǯ𣿡
Ű룺Ȼǰͥʽڲøʱ
䣬Ҷͩ
ͩʾҶҪһʲ˼
Ĳĵط˵϶ûģȻMVúˡ
ɩǰһ
ͩһЦһͥʽɡ
߹վ򣺡Ҿṩһֱɻˡ
ҶЦʣܿ𣿡
ǣû⡣
֦˷ܵľ˫֣ҮҵŮǰ
Űŷ˸ۡ
ͩҵȻ绰˵һ˵ûĻ͸һľ籾ܿͿԿ
λ΢΢һЦҲüְɡ
ЦЦлɩġ
ͩҸҵ
֪ͷʲôҶԱ㡣
ӴһǻطҾɡŰվ
ҶҲˣȥ٤
֦ڰ֣Ҫȥˡ
λҿ顣
ͩĿɩǱ·˵Ժ̸졣
Цݳĵͷ
Ҫϵˡͩ绰
ͩ뵽˼ͥʽŶMVõĸȥԼᡣ
ӳһЦľƬһƬͩ뿴Ҳֲ֪̫
ָϲ纣ȥƱԵģʲôѽ
΢΢һЦǻ㡣
ţͩһۣû
üЦ˵ϲôĳ֭
аɣͩˡ
ӰʮӣͩͲɳϿƵ
ֳ·˶ϳ׷ֻ㣬еĻҪǩ
֣ͩΪʲôϴ³ǳԷûΧأ
º͵˵Ǹ߼ѽȥ˷Ǹ׷ǵĺ٣ҵʱķΧȽ˽ˣҲûڵĴ󡣡
ͩһ߳Ա׻һ˵ǶͦѺõģǴкվˣǵͬѧ
΢΢һЦǲý壬ҲûţֵĴǡ
ͩʳݹȥôѽ
Ҳ̫Ա׻ιġۺЦĿͩ
ͩű׻ӻ
֣С˵Ѿмˡ
ǰ
벻һЩ棿ҿԸȡõԴ
ͩĹбģĹƺҲֻҪӰС
ʣҶ׬Ǯ𣿡
֣ǾһЩڹġƷ֪ȡ
ͩͷǺðһԶһЩ档
ֿ˿ֻϢҹҪɻǳǣһһҪĻҪɩߺúõģע塣
ͩһ˿֮飬ûиղôˡ
һִԲı׻ݵԷߡ
۾ЦЦ캬סָ
һᴩͩȫ΢ɲĲһ£ֶյĵŲ֡
ˣ
ٺ٣
ЦƷζ

 44 

ӰʼˣͩźóԵ߽Ӱָλϡ
Ӱһ룬ͩԼԽԽ١
ǸϵŮӣҵ̲裬ǳ֭
أһ顣
ͩĵĳ֭һڡ
۾ĿİӰǡ
ͩͷӰ
󡣡һͩա
ͩתͷȴס͡
һ¾ͿһۣΡ
ͩȺģѾӰˡ
ֱ뿪˵ӰԺͷԲ侲
ӰԺǹ۹в
ִӵͣ˸ҰĹ۾䡣
ͩźƳӽƵϼϦ
ںڵյʹķ棬ɳɣ˼˭
ȥϴּŮСٻصٷվͩߡ
ϵᣬϵõή紵紵ֻҪ㡣
Ů˰覵ϣĽë˲ʵҲǶ˽ߡ
΢΢ŵңרעܣ·Ხڡ
ɻ˯һ˫һԲֻ飬۲Ҳܶ
ŮڷĻĿ͵ĿŰޡ
ͩעǰɵŮӣȷԼ˰ӡ
ǰһϥأţҡ
~ͩĪĴ˸á
ЦЦҡ
~ͩĿڣ֪ǲǳԱ˳ŵġ
վһˮ
ͩһˮʹһãˣʲôýŵġ
֪һ취á
ʲôѽã
סͩ졣
ͩʶãȴӭͷ
۾һ־סŮɿ죬һֹסŮ˵Ĳӡ
һӽһǣϢӾͿʼһӵĳǡ
ҹĻ٣ϢǣֱĬķ롣
ͩģƺЩˡ۾ĴǸڰеˮ˿ҺŮ˶ӡ
ǣ֣Է𣿡
ˡͩŴŴ˵ɢɢ
áǣ뿪۹
ǹڣͩͲں̲
֡
ţ
ûϲŮ𣿡
㲻ţ
ͺ氡СŮӿ϶ܶࡣ
ʵ嶯ʱȷʵҪŮˣ
ͩ۾ҪŮˣ
˵ͬʱҪ˵껻һ
ꣿ
𼤶ҽֻͣҪδʵֹ
ͩˣô飬ûˡ
§סһᱳ㣬ģΪҰ㡣֮ǰҪŮΪŮѺŲ󡣡
ͩ΢΢ͷΪʲôûʵְ
룺̫ҪǣҪǡ
[ǲǸ趨Ϊ˫֣]
šĹֻ˵ȷʵİŻ֮ͩǰǷйˣûдڴ
[רһĶ԰ɣӿʼ֣ﶼֻлͩ԰ɣ]
šδµľ飬Ĺܾ͸
ͩϵͳĻŪеĻҡ
һС˵Ů뿪ŮŶŮһһҪȻ֣ôŮſ϶Ųϲ顣
ϲĶɶˣŮĶ⣬ﰮŰ¹ȴŮǵ
Ůżұ죬ŮŮһŵİϮŰҪŮŽ᳡ڲ
֪ͩûа¹ģҲұȴ̫ȷ᲻졣
۵λŮӣʹҲܹܲס°
ͩԽԽôһ£ǲֺˣ벻ʲô߷׷վڲǱߡ
԰һŮɫֻŮ趨ҲΪ˺ͱŮԽɫȽвԵá
ôȽϵĶ󣬼ǲ֣ԲĲĿԺܴ
ĿǰĶڻͩģôأ컹Ǿˣ
ղϵͳ˵ˣжӵͩ˵ᾫ졣
Ҳ˵
ͩįˣίĿŰ¡
ֲʣôˣǲˣ
ͩסֻ䣺ⱲӶֻҪһŮ˺òãеŮĲʲôԱ㶼Ҫ
΢΢һЦҷģҲᱳѻԲ㡣
ͩȻ޷ţȴȻɽ˺ġ
Ҳ֪չ·չȥֵĳŵֻɻԣ߿ֻöġ
ִ￴óԼĻ
ٶ˵һЩһӣȴû취ĵĳŵ
ĿǰȷʵҪͩһһ˫ˣȫ֤δԼܷŵԣҲ֪ͩ᲻һա
ͩͲԵĹϵͩҲкͲһĿԡ
ȷͩ᲻ᰮ᲻ҳͩûаȫС
ֶͩĬ뿪̲
ͩڻˢ΢˹Լѡ
#̲±׻#
ڵӰԺżֺͻͩ¼ʮĶƵͼƬŮιʳĻ档
µ۶ǳѺã̵Ӷײ㡣
ͩЦеİֻݸֿһҺ˦̲衯ݴˡ
ֿЦϲͱϲ˸ɵ
ͩ룺Ӧֻǵ٩ϲɫĲ̫̫ûзҵ˼Űɡ
ס֣º͵˵ǲǻҪ²пջؼңҺÿ춼ߡ
ͩڷǺúõģҲ㡣
üĿĿͩĿеȡ
ͩס죬ᡣ
ԱֻŮڣǺ޹˼ɵĿǲݡ
Һ㡣Ϣ쳣ˡ
ֲͩᣬȵĺ뿪ڽ
ǻ㲥ֵͩͷ
պ󣬡ǺӲá̫̫ǵճ
ľͷдյĶΪڳͿıЦԼĻ档
#̲ǧﴫ#ѡ
óСѣˣ̲̫˰ɣһҪҸŶ
Ҳ죺軨vs̲򸾣ͬĳƺͬ壬Ĺʮְɣ
ԶңҲζ黰أ̲̫̫ǸϱըС˰
۹֣칷ռԴ
ŮѽоñЦ˹ù
ѣŮӢȻɵǰŮ񣬻Ů񾭣컹ӽ㣡
ƽƽ׬һڣ̲̫̫ҵģҰεɣ
εεε
εε
ε

 45 

ͩͷѣĿǰ˵ƺͦġ
ǺӲáĿѾͨ˲MV籾ֱԷ֮⣬ṩԴṩˡ
Űź֦ճ¼ʱҲȻ죬ڿȴһȤ
ѲһCPƵ뿴మɱ
ͩͻ룬ھ籾ɩǶһЩ
Űŷǳ֦һ𣬵⼸ĪĶ˼ʮCPۣҲǿֵ顣
֦ķ˿ǲαٵģCPۼӽ黹ͦõġ
û뵽ԼŰųܱܶѿǴΣŰҲܱѿüĿ顣
ûЦƽҲûھͷǰˣŰദþڼһˮȡ
λһĵ͵ڶûдڸеģֻҪľͷһ֪ԡᡢ졢Ƶܹϲ
ҶһɵĸоһҲΪĸŮԡ
˭ѺõЦʱȴȵģʵǴޡ
˿ڶǸڲαͷҲһģܶڶڴܹٴοϷ
ͩϵˣҲϲദ
¼MVǰһ죬ͩǩԼ˼ҵ棬ҪĺݣæµƺûʱŮ˵ˡ
ʱ֣һʺõڹԢ
λպôӷ׼緹ʱ˿̿۾עԼʱ˸ҼòЦ⡣
ޱʣôˣ
еˡͻú𣿡
Сλӹ֮Ůš
ͩӷף
º͵˵ǳԷ
̫ɩǿǳԷඣ
ͩQǰۣǶ͸ɩõ廨ƯŶ
ǣĿλ
ŰЦЦ˵ȻŮ˸ŮˣǽĿ˶ǡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦҪڼء
֦ΪȻֻ׷Ů˵ʱŻỨ˼׷֮Ͳˡ
ŰһŽҲ߸ϵԼҰµĸα
֦Ц⸱ƴҲҪ޸ΪӵӣܸᲢۣǻǰ󶼵θڵģ
Ҷ
ŰЦܹѧϰֶΣҲܱ찡
ͩ
֦ЦΪһļƣҵԴԴͱϳ
ˣλ΢ü첽ط䡣
ɨһ۵ͷĸŮӣԥعȥӵķš
ţȥԷɣ
ȥɣûθڡ
㲻ڣҲûθڡ
λڷﲻ˵
ͩȥţɩҺͶĶӶù๾ˣԶǺòѽ
ŰҺ֦ˣٵԷɣ
λ򿪷ţº͵˵Ҫȥʹһ߰ɡ
΢΢̧̣ʾҾǶųԴ͡
һӰʦǰղЩܲܶҲڿ
Ӱʦ˼˵CPĻղš
ɾš 
ҸർԵĻڻᡭ
ɾ۾Ƭһ˿ĺ⡣
ӰʦԱһۣͷףСİɡ
š뿪ԢԿ̫̫ȥǳõĲԷ
һ̲ͬȵ㣬ž籾ǰԤҪĲ龰
һ֮ͩҶһѴɡ洵硣
ͩһ߰Ĳٺλһұֵ߳Űź֦
ɩûоöɩͶֵͦģ
֣
԰Ǳ߲Ҳʮˣ˵ġ
ദģԺͲˡ
ͩٸλιԵͺȵģλȴһֱźˮ
Ҷ͵ɩԸġ
ͩԲһѪŰ¡
Ҷѹ˵ֻϲˣȴֻϲ
֮ǰѵģѷҪΣ˾⳥ҪһӴĽ
ٰǰѼ˺üͷ޳ǰ֧ͷá
ǰѼ޸٣ӴŴ£ؼڲҹӣƺδĹ
ͩǰʲôʱںǱ𣿡
д껹꣬ĻӦÿˡ
ˣɩ᲻飿
֪ôϲɩ϶ͬ顣
ӡ
ǣλˣأ
Ҷҡҡͷã붯
ͩɵ˵ɩ֦Ӧû棬Ҳȥ
΢΢һЦǣȥɩˣ
ϷĬʮĴ
ͩ̾û뵽ɩģȴͶϵôã
Ϭң
Ҷ˫ֺʮϣܹ٣ǲҵа¶ͷϣ
ͩʣɩӦҲֻϲ˰ɣ

μ޸ŮˣϲԷ𣿡
Ҷ˼ûϲŮˣҲûжųŮһ𡣡
ٰܹңɵһģһҲҿԸһӡ
ǰ˵ʱȥ˵Ҫûб˵²ſܻϲ
ͩͷԼ֮棬ʹԼԤˣֻҪˣԼ鲻ԽϲΪǿԴһмġ
Ҷ΢Цʣ᣿ǲǾŮ
ͩüЦ
ҹ˾ͩϴԼһȵţ̡
̨׼ǣȴƳλķ̨һӵǵĳŮ
˴˵̨ûпƣͩǿλϵĺΡ
Ȼǵûвô飬ҲͶϣЩܡ
ͩӦҲͦںٵġ
ۿժλ£ͩϽط
ĪΪǸеˡ

 46 

ŶںMVƬѾɡǲҡ΢ںϴųˡ
Ⱥͺʮ֧ĵڶֵ롶ǺӲáսĿıɼ
ÿ֧鶼һЩCPۣCPķ˿ȶȴңңȡ
Űź֦ҲΪЩCP۶ѡ
ǻͦϲġ
ԭӲشճһӫĻ£ﶼ̫ܡ
ƼCP۸ӪôߵǿЦõͬʱҲϲΪ˸еҺԺ
ǣǱ䱾ԣҲӹעԷһһһʱͶֿ
ͩԴ˱Ƚ⡣
ΪԱమŽһ£ӮñһҪǰᡣ
ǺӲáһڵ̨ݳѾŸˣڶڡڵƷֱݱҲѾ¼ϡ
Ŀ̫̫׼ݵʱԽԽ٣ǰ赸Ϸ磬ħ֮ٳɱݡ
죬ǺӲáָ˽Ҫʼˡ
ݵڶڵݣߵż̫̫͵ǳ¼̫̫
ǰĶ飬ڽи˽ʱ̭һλ
Ķ飬ڽи˽ʱ̭λ
ָ˽Ժǵڶ֮ǵڶָ˽
ĳеں壬ôָ˽ԺŶп
ʣһλ̫̫Ǻ󱸶ԱôŶӾͻֶ̭Եμܾ
ڵθ˾пҪ뿪һλ̫̫
λʾҪһ뿪ôϣԼʧ
ͩ˵˱õķҪԱķƽ֮Ϊһݵֵ
ɩıݹѷɫڸķͻܵͣҹأôһʱۺϷпں
һָǾͿҪ̭ΣյģԶɩǧҪʧܡ
Ҷ԰Ŷӣÿ˶ҪȫԸ˵İٷֳһٷ֣ٷֳҲһٷ֣ǻǸõİٷֶٷ֣
ŰţǸԶҪԷóƾʵߵóλûϡ˼ɱˣóٷְٵĲŻ
λǾǶҸαһʱͿҪ󡣼Ȼ˷ӰսҶȫԸã
ͣһ٣ͩ־һֻ֡
ɩҲ׷׷ȥͣͣͣʤ
磬̫̫ǳרִġ
ͩͩͩҺð㰡ͩ
ͣ
ʮλ̫̫ҷ۶ڳ湧ǵĴˡ
ͩժīԼһ۲һЦ
Ҫˣͩͩ谮㣡

ͩ΢Ц߽ݣɩŶȥдܲɷú㡣
ȫǰߡߣ̫̫Ϊұ֡䶼СķˣεºԽλɩӶΪӳأ
ͩǲҵ̫̫ǶŶյģΪӳҪ֧ľõζӳɩǼһЩࡣ
Űţͩܳ־ϰף渺Ϊϣ⼸ɩӵĶϲҲĸԸİ
֡ߣѶ٩ŶΪ̲̫̫Ѿ̲̫̫ΪŶӵĴˣӦԮ˿Ҳɫӳ֣֪ǷĶӭϳ
ͩǲѰǻ̲̫̫ҲǳлҵϲȻԲΪ
ȫǰߡߣڻ棬ǿСñ̽࣬Ƿʾ̫̫ӳǽ
֪ͩϲɫҲ֪ӦԮɫɫԲñ֧̽ңû˼
ԹСֶӡߣCPǳ𱬣ѶܺǷ벴ٴ˫ɣûп˽Ųĥ˶
֦εĿŰš
Ű治ɫĿӾͷҴûŮһİãǰĳ͵͵ҷ䣬ôĥһҹȴʵ
֦
ʱҵ̫̫ǹˡ
̫̫뿪дȥױҸ´׼ݡ
֦Թߺ˵˵ѽǸˣ
ŰŲ
֦ԭФңҪҸɷ㣿
ŰһҸղŸ˵ȫʵڶҪսһҲҸɷ㡣
֦һ˵һҾԲᱻԵڶڴϿ϶Ҹɷ㣡
ǺǡŰЦһ
ŵĻԺҸῴ˭֦ĵ
ŰƳһۣҡͷ
ĵӰʦⲿ¼񽻸ȥֻƬŲų󵼹Ϊ֦ڱԹŰŽʵŰŵЦݺǳġ
̨ݿʼаСʱ̫̫Ƕ½ȡ˸Եĳ˳롣
ŶӺǶͩĸ˺һ൱ȳα
ǺܵĹڿ֮ǰıݣΪ˵ͶƱѡֱݽһ̽еġ
һǳļαǼݳ
ͩȻеţΪ׼Ҳݣ߰һݳγɶԱȡ
䣬Ӯеˡ
˼ȥȲŵʱһЩ赸
Ĺ԰Ŷ
[ôѽ]
ħ
ͩǰһ[㲻˵ûнָ]
ǽָ㣿
[ʲôأ]
ǿĹ㿪
[ҿģղ˵Ļƭҵġҵģ]
ǣǿĹϲ㣬㻶ġ
[ڷǼ鼴˵ɣ㵽кĿģ]

[˵ѽ]
ָһΪϵͳ䱸Ĺߣȼ۽õĳ
ڿĹԸħǳ˵ѺΪᣬĹЩģٰ㡿

֪ͩˣ[˼ҸղǿЦˣҪòѽҺܹԹԵ]
ϵͳ
ͩ̾̾
[˶ʮ꣬Ȼ˸˵Ҽ̳ҲһʱţǲʵҾҪɸ̶ǳ֮ʱȴ֪ͨҸܼ̳мҲĴʵ̫ˣԸδ֪ԼԭԱɸţҲùĪ]
Ĺ⵽ȷʵеʧС
ͩ΢΢ü
аɣĹ۸㡿
ͩ΢΢һЦ
Ѿ˱ݣڱڱ֮ʱ
СȦڱͷõ̲̫̫ͩǳ࣡

 47 

ͩһзڹں;ͷǰЦݴ󷽿ˡ
С̫̫׼ݵĽĿǣ
ҡֺ;ʿһ
һΪ㵥ǳأ赸Ŷ
֪һûĹʹμӹҲõڶ

С̫̫ȻзĬһŶյŮӣôͿݿ
ѽͩ徵ͷƤգۡ
ƹⰵʿĴӵ̨ϡ
ͩһߺ߸һİһ
ƹ˲ŴͩʮֿŵĴĳ衣
ڻ۰Ŷ
ͻͲ˿嶼ҵػӶɫӫ
ͩͣͩ
ͩʱ䶼ڳһı飬żĳ徵ͷаһЦ
гʱһ߳һ쾢裬˿ʱŷࡣ
ھͷ۽ʱתеĹİ֮ߵһ̵Ƥգգۡ
İȻ˵ӣ
ۺ˲첻ѡ
ͩһĵЦȻĿžͷһ˿Ĺ
ûˣͩɱң
𻨷ɤıףҰ㣡Һð㰡
ͣˣƹ
ͩھ۹¾Ϲ˵ллллϲҵıݣͶƱ֧ңлǣ
žžžžžڷ׷׹ơ
ʫЦӯӯ̨ϣ̫̫ŵݳǾʾף̾Ϊֹ
ллͩ΢΢һЦ
ʫ飺̫̫ѧרҵ鱦ƣڴ֮ǰδйڳĴţһһδ벻ľϲشҸһܺ˶ܾ
ͩѲգ۵˵ʵҾμӴѧУ԰ջʱұȽϵ͵ŹʵûбֳԼڳ跽츳
ʵҲϲ裬˵ĵطѧϰָ쵸ջ۲˽㹦ס
Ҳл˴С֣ҲܳΪʱʦոɣҳΪ̫̫жһ
ʫ飺̫̫ڵоֹһҲ͵ղžȻֳ˸ħݣ֪ܷǽİɵӵģ
ͩ΢΢һЦΪħ֮һȤСܡ
ʫЦһЦ̫̫ƤǾͽ¸ڰɣλеͶƱΪ̫̫֣ʱʼ
ϲҾ֧ңӴͩ˫ַǰǱġ
֮󣬸λ̫̫½ϳݡ
̫ӶߣڽĿ¼Ƶβ
ֳһһƱһǧ֣԰ٷ֮ʮΪѡֵķ
רҵһʮƱһٷ֣԰ٷ֮ʮΪѡֵķ
ۺͩ߰ٶʮ֣ǵһָ˾ĵһһٷ֡
ڶż̫̫ȣ߰ٷ֣̫̫پʮ֡
գҡżҺּҵȫ̫̫ɹ
ۺϷƽżȻǵһּǵڶǵ
ͩòҺּ൱Ȳżҵۺʵ
ûǰ£սֱ׶ΣΪǰĿԻͦġ
˵֧ĹؼԼͩҲȻϣŶõܺõĳɼ
ȫԸɩҵӮ
һ֮ǰͩҪȥĹ棬һҹƷƷι˾ͯϵвƷˡ
ںСϵ֮Ӱգ˺ü׸ߵݻʱзΡ
̫̫Ȼʹ׺ɫȥ̳ͯʱװŵǱһ߰ɣ
ұȽϲ̰ȹӣҲӷ̲̫̫ĳƺ
Сҡҡͷ̫̫ԽԽֱӺΪ̲̫̫Ҿóȥڴӡһ̲裬ɸӰ죬μӹ̫̫ľѡ
ͩǶǿЦģӦûôذɣ
СϣôģֱӸԼΪ̲裬ԺҪ㿪ʡ
ðɣġͩԹԵػһ˫ͯƷµĺɫ߸Ь
ٷʹõıĸʿŮӡ
ͩǰ̵̳ͯ·ϣǱǼӵ·֮ľ롣
ŵǱд˿ķ˿
жٻͲˣ
ǧʮ򡣡
²˼̫ˡ
ʵˮƽ
ҪڽĿ֮ǰӵǧͲ
ǽĿ¼ƽǲŽ
Ž֮ǰ
ޣ̫̫ɲ̫ģŽĿŵԽ࣬ķ˿ҲԽԽߣʱӦǧͲ
ǾͺãӲж٣
ǧ򡣡
ͩһƱϵĽ˿۾򣺡Ȼҵһ㡣
ͯװһЩèָ˿ǩͩɽյĹ
صƵ׼Ϣ̳;Ƶ궼ܼҵĲҵ
ǵģܼҵľ漰ǳ㷺ٻжǵӪҵ񡣡
ǲźҲаٻУ
ǵģڱڶߣûд̫ľϵʱ򻹻Ӯء
ΪͯʱװûСˣ
С΢΢һЦ󲻷ϵвƷͯʱװϲԭ򣿡
ͩͷ
#ɳСʦ#
ͩԡ裬ˢѡ
Ͻ绰Сϣ㿴΢ɩˣ
Сԡſںͨ绰Ҳոտү̫̫ľӦûƴõģҲ̫ġ
šͩȷ˲ɳҽƴѧٴϵϢϵҶ
[⣬ԭɵûг죿]
Լ鿩Ĺ㡿
[Ϊʲôң]
ǵ飬Ĺֻṩ߾顿

ϴͩӻڲѶ
ҺѽȫǰߵľѻСţ
ڰСʱǰǷַǲҵүҹһҽƴѧŮ˫ԣƳ죡
˵λѧٴоԺϵҲүֱѧã崿̫̫
ݾƵأǿȷүСʦҹʮ뵽ʮһ֮䣬Ⱥ󴲷һүԸСʦÿķţ
ʱ˽˵ʮ֣Сʦôүķ뿪ȻԼĺܾ£ȦǺԡ
ɼүҹû֮Գٳûдӷˣ
̫̫Ӿͷɵǧ֮ȥΪЦ⣡үο񹲷ߡݰ
Сϸͩһ֭ѾүһҥԵʾûг졣
ͩļٵģ
٣Сε˵үȷʵԸӭŮģûиϴ
ͩˣڷһҹô£
˵үòʡ£Сܸܵɻ¡

ͩɩǱкηӦ
ʱûУ̫̫Ҫ״ԭү˲Żæ˵
ӡ
ͩȺûκ˵ҪҪϵɩο
šС룬Ҿûǵ̫̫Ǳжɣ˯ǰϵ
ͩͷ                        
лҪ˵ͻȻӸ(ޣߣ)

 48 

ҽƴѧݽϺһȺУѳԷ
ƣʱ޿ճһĴѧ
ŮڷƵϢֻ֮һ˹
ɿŸǿ˼Ҳûи뿪
Ůϴʱ˯ˣΪƶ˯ŮҹûиСܡ
Ҳй͵ĴûкͶԷϵ
ɵһʱɵǳǵҶⷬʾԼĻڸġ
ĽһʶȺȾƣڱӦͿ϶ؼҹҹҪҶ˼ල
ҶҲΪɷȻиϴ뷨
ǰģ˵.δˣ͵飬Ҳܲ顣
䵭һԼ̬ȣϣסѵԺҪв̤ѹˡ
ȴϣֻϻҪΪֻ֤ûгʵ
ҶûӦ
ɺ˽Լһ׸жŮˣָԼʼֻһŮˡ
ȻҶѡԭ
ǣֵǺӲáڣΪΪŶ룬ŷ粨
תɵʾԼҲѾ˽ʵࡣ
ӪȴϷŹǣȻҪȴҥ¡
ѱЩӪϴԣΪɺСʦùйŮڷһҹ϶ʲôˡ
һʹֻڷ죬ҹ֮ŮһҲǲġƷʵġ
οûнΪʲôŮѧһҹֻǲ԰һЩ壬ϴɡ
Ҷ֮Թֲ֧ɣɵɵֲ״űĻƭˣҲ֪ȴԸĻղŲòϷ
֮ҶһΪ˺ҷųٸֿɺޣ
Ƿ׷ֲɵͬʱҲҶڸ
еŶӵϡ
ͩڷɻǳǵרϺͺС̸¡
Сϣ̫̫ѾѻܴһԭЩӪɿ𡣡
ͩǶɩģ
СϣҲǺȷֻǸݾΪڱƲ
ͩпԲŶӣɩ͹ڶǲ̫̫󣬺ڽĽĿ治ܼͷ
Сϵͷ˵ĺеҴ˷ɻ͸̫̫ľúԲߣǷбҪ廹
ͩ˼С
[ڵȶȼCPģĻҪŰš֦ͲӲ˲׵]
[CP£ԲɵӰģΪʲô˲ֱӶأѵǲö֣]
[պǲɳ£Ǹ˲źȻ뷨Ҫûɣ]
Ĺ㣿
[ʲôѽ]
ĸ
[ǺӲòα棬Ӧǵһڶ͵ȽԸ]
Ϊĸпܣ
[һɡҿܣҵһ뵽]
[ΪּҺͲĿǰʵ൱νһϴʤﲻΪ⼸ʮ̫̫ȨƵˣռ̳Ļ϶]
ֱӷʽƻCP㡿
[ôΪģǲɸպó˳ţͲ]
Ĺ
[˭]
㡿

ǵľ飬ĹԸ⽲͸˵̸Ͳ㡿
[ôԣ]
ǡ
ȥĿ⹫Ԣ·ϣͩ΢ȺɩǷԼ뷨Ͳɡ
ɩǾ֮
λСǸŮڻϳ𣿡
һСҶд绰ԼĽɣȷûиǲ뷢κۣϣǲҪٴ
ŽΪη粨֪߳ܲϳˣ֮ǰȥˣǲЩСΪοô޳ܣ
֦ѼᶨΪٳ죬ҲΪǱβͦٵģǸŮʲôáҲһĬû˵ѵķʽ
һСҶҺ޲ԶҪٳ֣ԺǷ鶼޹أҲûж
ͲɩҾǻǾҹشȽϺá
һСҶҽˣİɣҵҶǸѷ۷ӰˡڱҲȫԸ̫Ӱ졣
λ֪˭𣿡
һСҶ˵ǹڸĳλˣз˰ɵ͵ƬȻýõرϳ
ͲǾЩ̫̫˸ǣĸ󣿡
ŽͨӦòұͱǣǰžżҡּҺҵĶϴ󣬸ղžôһ˵Ҳÿڸ
λҸоżҵĿԱȽϴ󡣡
һСҶûе⼸ʮλ̫̫ײ˱˵»
ͲԴҽСһ㣬ҪŪЩųѿ
֦ҸоһֵˇSýŰ
Ž
ͩصԢֱ֮ӸɩǳڷϰһҪݳĸ
˼вˡ
[˵Ļʹ൱ųĺʹǵ˭Ҫǲأ]
뼷ǰǿżΪ˱סһλá
ڽҪĲ׷˭˷ˣǰƽԡס̨ȡΪǺӲáһĹھ
ǺַͩϢؽԺãҪԼκβӰ졣
Ӳ裺㰡ţʲôؼҿң
Ͳˣһڰɣ
Ӳ裺ҲңԲԣ
ͲȻûУҵ˼ڱˡ
Ӳ裺ţ㲻o(ini)o
ͲҪпվͰҲһ鵽˭ڱЩӪȥԸɩɣ
Ӳ裺˲ˣڶûнҿ˺ܲһ㡣
Ͳĸͥɣ
Ӳ裺Һ綼Ƚϻżңֻû֤ݡ
ͲΪʲôأ
Ӳ裺ɩǲ̫̫ߡ˿ࡢȶһѡ̫̫ŮǱȽвԵġ
Ͳͨҵζ
Ӳ裺һͨط

ͩЦеĸСǡɴ˼·
[˱ҪԸҶպѵõĻᣬ˶ҶŻϴɵİѱ]
[һʼٸߵķΧ͸ˣûвμӡǺӲáҪѡ̫̫嶼]
[ǲѹ鲻ˣ˵ԷļͥͲ൱]
[Ҳ˵ų̫ͨ]
Ĺһ⽱͸㣬ǵľ顿
ͩǰһ
ҪһССսڲܻþ͸
[ʲôѽ]
ϣԷһθֹƵ
ϣַһ¶¶Ƭ
СϣƷһ׵

[ڿЦ㣿]
ǶСڴĹÿС
[ҲҪãҪҾã]
ԼҪҪ͸
[Ҫ]
뿪ʼ
[ѡһ]
Ҳȫѡ


 49 

ͩ˼ȥųǴϸֹ裬ųǷ.ո֡
յ֮ͷжĻɫ籩
Ʊ֮ڶװҹƺױ˻ԡ
ѳƸĻðգȡͨѶ¼λպǲƣԲòף
ͩøƱ׶ϣһѡˡ
ԼԼľȻַƬ
Ҫķ㣿

ͩСĺ[Һþûϵ]
θպÿԺٺٺ٣
[ôͻĸףһϷΪҲǾͲ̫ѽ]
[ҾһǸַƬȽ׵]
㲻²Ҳ㣿
[ȷʵôһĺøУҲҶѾˡҵĽڽǣͨҵ˼·ҪҵƬ֮˯ž]

ͩѵԼ˯¡
o(*////////*)q
[ң]
Ŷ
ִͩ˯£[У]
Ϊʲôأ
[ɬͣ]
ͩϵĸƷһƣɫʣһҵ˼סݡ
þòˣĺ㣬ҲԭôҪĺϲ㡣
ԺҪ棬Խ˼֮࣡ôôգӴ~
[˰ɣ]
С±ʾûб鵽
[㲻Ҿ͸]
ĹԶţʧģ
[ǾͿ˵ѽ]
ԭҳ˻ͩ⣬̫̫ˡǺӲą́
ҶȻٵԱȻڸֱսĿϣûΪӶ١
ڸŮ˽ĿϵıֿȦɵ㣬Կοһ󲨷ۡ
ķϵ̫̫λԴ׵ķħ̫̫ŰšŴкڵ̫̫ͩݼߵ̫̫Ҷǡ̫̫ѡ
󶥼̫̫ҶǿС
̫̫佱ʱԽԽ̫̫̲ס
żҳպΪٷǶϱȵͷžС
Ϊ˰նõһ̫̫ƺţպڼ˳ᢣ޵Ѳ̫̫ĳźϣҶ
ҵɵСãýǮʹԷƻɵ
Сǩ˱ܵЭ֮Ϳʼɡ
ڲһƬ࣬Сûõʵ֤
ɺСһҹϢȻպĴɢҶȥ˺ܴĸӰ졣
ѷǳҶɷΪΪûǿ
ȻҶķ˿ǳ·ȴˣĹԵۿۣһ
Ҷϡ
һİ£ȻӰˡ̫̫ίĿ̬ȡ
λڷϵͲٿǺܶΪ̫̫ĿԱȽСûб˹ԡ
ŰżС̫˹ϵȽ϶ӣʹԾϣܳΪ̫̫ĿҲСûôԡ
ͩԭһںʣȻǽĻŮڹؼʱ̱ѣЩǣΪ̫̫ĿҲ
Ե̫̫עǲûаëϵ佱ҲֻҶԸȥġ
ԭ粨ֱӳš̫̫ȥģԡǺӲá
[̫̫ⱾôҪһˣΪʲôûа㽻أ]
ûнӣֻǺ͵̫̫Եѡ
[˼ǣͩǵ߽̫̫]
Ĺ˼Ĺֻ˵Ů̫̫ľѡûжٹϵ
[˼ǣͩ͵߽̫̫ľѡеϵ]
Ĺܾش⡿
ͩԼµˡ
[ҲμˡǺӲáǲǸ̫̫Եˣ]
ӦǵİɣҪϳҶˣСı˹Ŷ
ͩ
뾺ѡ̫̫ƻҪŬŶĿǰȲȡ
[ԭĵ̫̫]
֪
[Ϊʲô֪]
ΪĪøòֵľ͸
[ղš]
ղЩֻҶľ顿
绰ˡ
[ֱܲӸ˵ҸղϷ]
ûвԡ
[СҲӦ]
СûвӦ
[Ҹձ׾ͷϣС²Ϸ]
ûҪġ
[ллˣкͱ࣬ҪѾº]
^_^
ιôҲû˯𣿡
Ű㲻Ҳû𣿡
˯ˣֱ㳳ˡ

ƱǸ˵ǲ˼Ϊ¿˯š
ͩ΢ЦҲҸ㷢ݲŴ绰ģ
ǰҳһͷ㡣
Բ𿩡
ƶ˶٣ǡ㵽ô°
ͩǸ˵Բ𣬸ղҺͼĻðգȻҪðѡ΢ͨ¼һףײͷ񡣡
󣬲Ц˵ԭҲµ㽲Ĳ滰ˡšʵҲ㡣
ͩŵ˵Ҳ㰡ôòˡ
ƣЩǼٵģ
ǼٵġͩеԲ𰡣ҲǹҪ㿪Цģ޿κΣӦò´ˣԭ£
һϣ´ء

ƣǳǹû𣿡
Һɩദú죬̫̫Ҳĵ
Ǿͺá
ͩɳǹ
ҲаЩԶеǣе
ٺ٣ҵĻ͹ҳԷѽһطǾ۲ͣ
ƣʲôʱطǣҲŻȥ
µװɡ
õģҲʱؼҿ֡
롣
ƣǲϢˣ
Ҳ˯չ˺Լֻͩ
[ǿЦ]
֪
С˵ƿܻ޷ϲϲ֣ͷʺģʾ
[Ӧòڰɣ]
˵պϴθʱ򣬺֪ԭδǲơ
[лպ»òң]
ֻע㣬һ˸ҶƵ飬ķ˿ܾʹﲻǧˡ
[պ±Ѿǹ̫̫ˣȻô̰ģҪϱҲһ]
߸̫̫żҵģΪ˵ĿԾ͸ѽνһȫҹ٣ʹɹˣ̫̫ҾѾҫˡ
[ǵҲǣȻЩùֶ֣Ϊˣ]
Ⱥڸ֪ʲôֻῴ˶ٴơʲôӰ졿
[ʱ֮֮Ҿܲ׽ɻµ֤ݣϣպ㹻ĵ⣡]
Ϳ
ǺͩҹϢ֣ʾԼǳɶԸҶպ£պΪʲôҪҶ
ϣӦպµֶΡ

 50 

ǺӲáڶʼ¼ˡ
ͩεıǸݳ
ɫŮȹںһλõƹ°صһĴСʹ
ڿĵһ棬ֿһ棬ϲԽԽŨˡ
ĹԵͦõģҲһֱ̫̫ǵжռͷȻŶӴδùһȴаס
ãǲ󡢷õ̫̫ˡ
ڽĿ¼ƽ̫̫֮Ƕ˲΢ϵš
##
ɳżҶүͷǲү׶Ķֳ˫ԣоֹΪܡ
ڴ֮ǰйŮѣҲδϲӵĴԡ
ȡеһԣֻȦȦ֪һŮͨԵĲߡ
ȴδйԣڴֻϲŮˡ
Ȼ£һʱ֮鸴ӡ
ҵ˶ȽϾȣ׷ϵȷǲĸˡ
᯻شģɣǹ˿ЦĬϲ˹
ĿǰδκιӦƺżش
˵̬ˣҪɻطǸһĽ
ͩҲɩǳרɻ˲ׯ԰
᯸̵ĽǣȷʵϲŮˣҲһ棬ӦòԴ
̺ǹܡ
ᯣϹ
Ҵ㣡̺ȻӶȾȥˡ
˳һ
㿪ֲңסͷ̱ҰΪʲôҪң
СŮסԼ
˵ǲҵжɱżҵѹ裿ҲҪȢŮ˻ؼң
ί˵̣ҲѹҪ
̵ղ˵
ϰҲܷḻҲǳϹ
ǳʲô
С᯵ͷСǶС

ԿɿȰ裬ҪҪôѵɡ
˵֮ǰһֱǺŮӽģںȻǲ񻰵ġ
ϣ㾡ͨѣǧҪմȾһЩֵë
᯲ĵ˵ֻǺһʱ䣬һʱɣ
Ҳĵ˵ҪôһӺŮҪô󶼸Ҳ˽ôң
壬ҹҲǶģ̲κһĽϰߣ
ˣָ״̸̬㰲һŵԵĴҹ㵱ӡǲԸ⣬̸ֻ
̣ܰԵᯱѣ
⺢ӣԿɿĴСӣҲҪѵ㣡
᯿һɫ̫õĸͷ֪ˣ̡
á΢΢̾ǸظݰɣҪϢˡ
簲ͩɩһ뿪ݡ
ֻؼҳԷˡ
ͩҵ³׼Ż
ţֻһȦûƼκˡ
ͩ׼뿪ҡ
ɣͩ³һ޵ơ
֣
Ĺ
ͩЦеʣûо㣿
еԾĿ
ͩҸоõ߳ҡ
ţ׵ˡ

ͩʶͷһ
ߣ΢Ц˵ҹĿ࿴ˡ
ʲô˼
ˡǺӲáһڣ֪ԭôܸ軹ˣħ
ͩNɪ˵ĵطȥˣԺʱضܿҵף
Ц˵ҵĽ
ͩԷ̲ͬ᯺͹һ¡
ûз
ͩĺһŮ̸飬һָ˵ͬ𣿡
ľͺֻҪƽҿ϶ԡ
ޡ
ۺЦʣʲôʱӰ

ͩŷˣҲ֪
ס֣ǽһԡɣ
ŲҪͩС֡
ίĿϳԷ
һû㣬ٵȵȰɡ
ϲʲôˣҾѧϰ
ͩҡͷҲ֪ϲʲô͵ģҶѾкøˣҶһЩʱɡ
ڴʣҲ˵Ŀǰֻңûбˣ
ͩһĺ
ҽ˯أ
㲻ֶžͿϴȥɳɡ
΢΢üԹԵӳ͡
գͩҪȥݳ緹
ŷλɩҲڡ
̡ɩã
ҲãԷɡ
ǡͩڶɩԱߣǴɩɩ
ӵһˣԿɿӵһˡ
ʼһЩǳ¼Ŀ飬ֱǶԱ˲ת⡣
սǹʵΪ᯵˽¡ϣǼɩӵģ԰ѹظѡһλʽŮѡ
ԿɿɣڴҶ֪͹è壬ͻȻѡƺЩáԺŲƲǵİţǵ˲ŰŻ°ɣ
ʾӶ˸Ǽַϡ
ЩұȽĺǧϣǴʮʮõģһסһӣ᯺ǶһЩվ֮Խ顣
Կɿɣ£С֪𣿡
̣ѾһһЩǧС㵽ͣҪź̬ѣӦöҵ˼
ԿɿɣҲĬˣ
̣ͳһңɿɿǹ
ǣͩɩ뿪ݡ
[Ǵٰŵ]
֪
[Ǿп߰ϷΪʲôأ]
û˻ش
ͩɩ԰ͤѡԤŮѡ
һֶԱɩǱȽ߼͸԰̥á
ͩûʲôøУ֮ǰںǺĽμӽĿCPۣϲŮ˲ˡ
ŰţǾܰŽǡ
Ҷ治ϲ˻Ϳ϶
λųҲչʮ
ͩðɣӶ

 51 

Ʒɻطˣͩȥֳ졣
ͩΪ˱ⱻдλ͵ĵͷҥ˸ܲƵԼᡣ
˯ǰƷϢ˵ջȥƹݡˣ
Ʊʾӭͣ˵³ʳϷӰտĵġ
֮ͩ͹Թ˯
磬׼ȥƹݳԷ
ֻԲѾھˣϵҲװ
üĿĿƯ
ллҲͩؽ仰һ°Цݡ
[ôģ]
μƷ澺ĻҪΪŮϯӦ꽻ʡ

ΪͶʲ߻ܾص¼Ʒ
һĽĿǺǵ̨ġ֮áڶա
ڶĽĿ³ǵ̨ġǣߡļա
ĽĿǳǵ̨ġǺӲáھܾ
ͩΪʲôûз޵
ԣŹȥ꣬޲ܸ࣬Ŀͷĺʰ±Ƚ٣Ŀһڿǰ¶¼α˲б档
֮õһʺ͵㲥ʶǳߣڶȶҲܴȻĿûжյ¼ƷҪαѾȷˣӦûܶƷƼ롣
ǣѾһˣģʽԹ̶ļҲд£ȺȽȶҲͶ̵Ŀ⡣
ǺӲȲţһ˿ڵƷƵҲ־ڱصõġ
ͩǽҪǺӲùھĹֲ룿
ǻҪõ֮õڶĹ̡
ǣأ
ϵȺҪƫ꣬ȶȱȺ֮õҪͣǵĿǷΧڡ
ޡ
Ŀʼˡ
֮áڶ̵𲽼һǧ
ʮгܼ׷׾־꣬Ͷʾǵǧ
ͩʣ߸٣
䣬ϸڡ
ͩϵŪͷ΢һ£Ͻ㿪һ㡣
ǡ
ǧûС
һڣ
һһΣһΡ
һǧ򣡡
ͩһгܼ࣬ʲԣôȻôࣿһһǧõˡ
Ҳ͵̧һ
[]
ͩϽԶһ㣬ϣְԼû
Ŀ޹˾гܼƺһǧ򣡡
ĺּҵĹ˾𣿡
š
԰ͩڡ
̫˰ɣһǧͺˡ
ڣǲܾˡ
˾ǣһǧһΣһǧΣһǧ򡭡
ڣס֣ͩһӡ
üҹ˾гܼ඼ԥҪҪģ̧߼۸ȴֵĲԲˡ
ڵΣɽϲ鱦Ϊ֮áڶĿĶҹ̣
ͩƣϲŶ
΢΢һЦΪ㣬Ҹ˾ʡǧ򡣡
˵㶥ֻ𣿡
ǰﺣֵֻۣ˾ܸ߼ʵǧҪ໨ǧõģﲻˡ
ֱͦ˵ģлл㡣
ͩεسԼ֣ʲôͣ
ࡣۺﲨĳŵ硣
ͩƿߣޣղŲӦֱ
ֱǺܳһǣҲΪղкβס
Ҳҡ
Ϊʲô
ΪҾ֪ôǻ᲻ˣҲˡ
Բ
ǣߡڼ䣬ͩȥϴּ绰ƣԼΪʲôûиԼ
ƱʾԼ
ͩɵشӦ
[ԭﻨͩûиֽԼΪʲôͲԳ˫ԣ]
ûдֻ˵ܺμ˾ʹ硿
[ҪҪʱ볡أ]
ΪʲôҪ߿
[¹̫̫ľ߻ɹ͵ҺͲԵΪҲһСľͱԳ]
нͲԶһЩᷢȲָӿɰأϾ߱µŮһſ϶ŮŸ㡿
[ҽƷ˸ӣںȻжϺͲԵԼҲͦĪ]
ͩԥԥ޷
Թˣ㲻𣿡
ûУҡͩȷҪҪװ岻
̽̽Ķͷϸһۣ߰ɣٹСʱǾȥ緹
Ŷͩǣˡ
ǺӲáھĹֲ𲽼ΪһܹΪ׶Σÿֻ档
ȥλεĹʱ䣬ֻǾмεֲ㡣
ʳƷ˾߼һǧ򣬲һǧġ
ͩȥԷΪʳǺӲþϵĹˣûɣ
ͩһߵһ˵û⣬ɩҲԵġ
һ͹ˡ˵Ϊ̫̫Ҫȡعᡣ
ɩҲѡѽ
ɩӣ㲻ǣҪ㡣
ͩתƻ⣺֮õڶ˭μѽ
º͵˵ڶйСǰмαŮαСҲѿͷӦΪ鱦ڽĿϵˡ
Ϊʲôأ
Ϊʣûκۼڵ㣬Ǻߵ¡
ͩ룺鱦Ʒƴ֣һŮˣƺЩײˣɹãСûĴ󡣡
ԲΪȻֺСֲͬŮԣûдơ
궼һЩţֲԺִϣ̲ϲҪˣ׼ѻ᯺Ĺϵ
ӡͩ΢Цûпܽһչ
Ŀ۾ʼֻһˡҺ͹ֻѣʹкøУҲѾܾ
ͩĲ˲ˡ
ԣûƭ㣬ȷʵûϲ֮飬շңúϧЩĶˡ
ееѵ㰮˲֣
ͩͷҶϲȷʵȶĶ࣬Ҷֻ顣
ԴĬҲûгԷ
ͩþִΣϲϯ
ȻˣӦҲμᡣ
ԴĻʱ̸˽˸ˣԷ֮ȥµӾȨ
ͩ㿴ĲӾˣ
һ⡷һΪİٺϰ缯
Ů̸ĵӾ磿
΢΢һЦ⻰е֡
㣿ͩЦ
ɰԳʣ벻ϷΪ̣ҿƼȥǻҪǡ
ϷͩȻеĶ
˺ȤϷҲΪ˶һƷ
ھбֲãӰӰƬԼԭееòʧĺ
ͩԾԾȴԼݼ̫ûᱻں;
ʱǴΪΪճЧϿ죬ûϷľ顣οⲿӾ粻һڹ̫̫佱֮ǰţһ̫ʱݼƺ̫á
Եͷ˵еϷʹǵβҲǿԳǵġ
ţһͷӡСǶһɡͩθڳԷˡ

 52 

һ⡷һԶʮͳʱΪİٺϵӾ硣
Ůһǵʱѧ
ǵĸһ࣬ĸǼͥŵ̫
ڽ޵죬Ⱥʶ˽ıഺͱ½
½һģഺһ顣
Ϊ˿ԺഺһЩĻᣬ³תѧǳǺ½Ϊͬͬѧ
ǣഺѺ׸֮ż嶩˻飬ڿѧóס
֪֮󣬷ǳģѹò
½ǻϲԩңճ컥
ʧڼ䣬½ʹࡣ
һϣ½̻֮ǣȱԼ⣬Ҳײĵס
һʱ֮ǣ½֡
ãż鸾ഺˡ
죬ഺһ˸żȥ˽˵ùݡ
ڽϹʱ򿴼Ҫȥ׽顣
żڷ鸾ܣǴһ٣Ӵ˶Թޡ
ˣഺڱ˼ҵĿ
߰οȴй۲ļߴλ˼žֹƬ
żӼЩƬʻĵĴ鸾ؼҡ
Nɪ鸾Уഺ
ഺܲ裬϶һڷ׼ɱ
ǽϹһ͸Ф񻭣¸ܵůã˻ȥϣ
ǣһҪţڶ峿뿪żҡ
żҲΪѾͶǣǴһȥУſڽѵǡ
ǹ˵ãûб򵹣żͷ
Уз֮ûϴ̬ȻŹܺΪɣѧ
Ǿ뵳ΪЧ
һҪ³ִУò½
½᲻ȴˣֻõѧУż˲ȥ³
ǻص͸ĸһ
죬һഺμĺӱطഺ
ഺʱڻǵФ񣬱ͻȻ־ϲˡ
˴˵ҲΪͷס
½³ǣܼҳϲ
ഺҳ³ǣʱʹ⡣
Ҫ½ǲǰഺˡ
ǽգǾбҪͽӸഺ
ഺ游ſڣഺż塣
ż岻ϸഺ飬Ҫǿдǳǡ
ഺ̫ȥȴֲ֪֮ô졣
ǵŭؿż壬ϰഺø
żΪȷʵм飬Ǹıѡ顣
ഺż̲֮ס
һο
ʱ½ɡˡ
Ļ棬ʶԼûഺҪ
ȷﻹഺ֡
ǲ֣ԼϲҲûκζԲ¡
½֪Լֺһǿ϶ഺ
ܲﻹװһŮӵʵϣԼڵһλǸˡ
ǳԼϲ½ҲĽഺ
ΪԼʱ޷ȫȫԴ½ǸҲԼԲഺйΪԲ½
ϣ½һЩʱ䡣
½Ҫ֣ϵϻ뿪³ǡ
ഺĿ֮£ϵǳҪ½
Уſڿ½żТĳӣҲ½ſڿ½ӹżТ͵õ廨
óżТǸʼֻ½ˡ
żТ׸СӣѧʶԨǰ̹
½÷˫Ҳϣճɾ
ǾżТ½õĹޡ
ԣĬĬ뿪ǳǣص³Ǽ
½֪ΪĲеѹҲӼᶨԼҪ뿪뷨
֮Ǻഺ鲻Խؽˣղ̸
˫ĸһ
ܼҸĸഺĴ꣬ǰǶ׸ӡ
ϣСŮ˽ӣʹҪŮҲӦѡ½
Ҹĸ˼ͨˣ벻ȶΣչ
ϣŮٻӣʹҪŮҲӦѡǮˡ
ǺഺûбԺѹ塣
ᶨƵమأ³ǻصǳǣⷿӡ
۶˰ꡣ
գǱǹɱ
ഺʹ޿ڵѳˡ
½һ֮ѧ
ǵĽɫ𣿡ͩ
Ҿҵ½ıȽϽӽ
أ
ͩ룺̫񡣡
΢ЦϷһԼĽɫǺõģʡжӰǻഺԡ
ͩеĵӾϣഺǵ¹⣬ഺչҲǹ⣬ǵϼ⡣
ʣʲô⣿
ͩЦ˵ƹ⡣
أ
ͩ˵⡣
⣿
Ǽ֮⣬̹⡣
ɫתͷг̸ܼ
һ⡷Ӿֲֻ岥ʱֱΪƬͷмƬβ۸ҲӸߵͷֱΪʮʮʮ
⣬ھ糡ƽͳһΪ˰ֻͶ̡
ҪĵƬͷмĲ岥棬Լ糡ƽ档
ⲿĿǰʮֻʮǵԤǧİǧ֮䣬ƽ棬֧ǧ򡣡
ͩⲿб֤һĵĲÿֵ۰ˡ
΢΢һЦ޷֤ʿԴ꣬ʹӾ籾ġݺԱĸǣΪֵֵͶǧ
ͩ룺ڶûжݣ޷ȷⲿж󡣡
ԵͷĿǰûԭ򣬵һͶʲƷΪ˿ƳɱóȻƸ붥ԱڶƬӭͶ̵⣬Էһϵ
ͩʾļݵϢ
Ҳ˵Ͷ㹻ǾͻƸݼõĵԱͶʲǾͻ˶ΣѡһЩֵߵ
Եģûо鵫ֵϸߵĵԱص㣬ԸⳢԣҲµݲֻҪΪͶ̣ƬҲ϶ӭ㵱ݡ
ΪͶҪǮ
ĿǰعҪǧϡ
Ǵ˵еĴʽ飿
΢Цҡҡͷ
ͩҲҡҡͷȥϷ׬Ƭ껹һǧ򣬹˾ûҪΪҸ˵Ȥǧѡ
עֻҪ㿪ģܹΪ̫̫Ǯ⡣
ͩƿߣһҪȥǰɣ¹档                        
лҪ˵ʱΪһ£Ϣ
лǵ֧֣(ţ)

 53 

Ӿ硶һ⡷Ĺֲ뾺ҽС
ĺּ³ġĿٻ޹˾־ڱصãѾǧѡ
ҪƬͷмƬβĹֲʱ䣬м糡ƽ
ϵԤǧƺپȥˡ
ЩƣĿڴͷŻ£ƺûкͶʻرʵĸߵ͡
ͩΪʲôǲѡһЩ𱬵սĿС˵ıĵӾ磿
ԣĵĴIPֻϺһǺܺÿɡ
ơǺӲá֮͡áЩգҪΪ̾ҪͶڵѣѹġ
ҲǵǹǰüսĿʱĿмˡ
ÿĿǧֲ棬ҲȳΪһչ̵ķҪ͡
ǸͷչƻǣΪǲõǲߵĲһ
ͩںԡһ⡷ܸȤѵΪǸõӾȣ
ԣҲǿҪ˽ϷԱȽϴ󷽡
ͩ΢΢һЦҵǾеʺϰഺ
ԣûбѡ̫̫ĿǷͼҶҪʹ׽Ūǡ
ʹ
ţĿҲòƬͷƬβĹʱ䣬Ҫ̧߾ۣ֧ķá
˵գתͷгܼ˵
гܼһΪʳƷ޹˾ƾ岥棬ǧ
ڴ֮ǰ鱦ɷ޹˾ѾѰ˰Ϊ糡ƽ֮һˡ
ڱ˾öʳƷľۣڽĹԤͻسꡣ
ͩʵż̫࣬е㵣Ĳ˷Ǯ
԰οѾ˾ʡǧչѣ㲻صһıѡˣһԸ˾
ͩȻʡ˼ǧΪʲôڡһ⡷Ҫ⾺ꣿ
ԣⲿӾǿֵǧΪ˱Ͷʻر̫ͣʹǲƴҲ˷Ǯ
̧ͩ߾ϣƺе㲻ҶǶţ̧ͷͷûҪС˺
ԲΪȻ¢ϣֻѡھ糡д棬΢ЦҲѰ
οĿӪҵУǵĲٻ̳е㾺ϵսɳǴĬϵ󣬲̫Ӱ˴˵˽
ͩ޻˵
ĿгܼȻƵÿǧĵӾѣΪһ⡷Ͷ̡
΢΢һЦºˣͶ㹻ƬǮƸʵżԱϷܴ
ⲿʺ͵㲥˱ϣǲ鱦ھ糡еҲߣǽԴϲ
ͩû뵽ĻЧӦۣ㲢Ǵı
Եʣһ˫𣿡
ð̫ˣͩЦеĹĹơ
׶Ĵߵ뿪ʼڳרȥСʱӦÿߵ֮ǰֳִ
ͩڰư͵״̬£Դ˷ɻ
ǲԤϵһȥ׶ǰҶ
ǣ͸Ԥ˼׷װŸֺʵʱ͸㡣
ͩԹԵӵлױʦʸ֤ŮԼױ
һûиСϽҪȥ׶ء
֪һӦòᵣġ
ҺûиΪһƹݡ
ΪʲôǱߣ
ҺԼ˽һˬԼˡ
ޡ
ͩ˵ҸղŴ绰֣Ҫȥ׶飬ûж뿪ǡ
˵ʲô
ûʲôرģͶעⰲȫÿġ
ԣҪʮҽҴ׶ҹһŻطǡ
ͩҡͷɻʮҾ͵ׯ԰ˣûҪ׶˯
ԣǶһ棬ӦҲûȥ׶ɣ
̫ͩദ̫ãӦҹɻطһ˯
ԶſȱҾ뿪׶ʦҲҵİţԻ˵
[Ե]
ǰԵŶ
[֪ˣҸղžͲϷɻ]
зǳϲԡ
ͩ۾װ˯
һһȵĺǴ׶ʴƵĶʮ¥УƽÿƷõĵƿǾǧҪƶƶĽҽƷչ
߸ﱲֻвûвμӹλٷҲֻͩû
ֵĳҲûʲôۡ
ͩΪ˲ֵĻᣬ˵Ƿͷжɣȥ̽󿧴򽻵ȥ졣
ǣ֣ʮӾͿʼˣһжɡ
ֻͩðעתƿ
С͸һȾơ
˳߿Էˣǣ˹ȥ
С㣬̫̫
С㣬̫̫
ͩƼСζƳһԼǣŵ֣Ӳˡ
ԼӴ
һԲ۾˵Сջõ֮õڶĶҹﳬֵϲ㰡
ǣлˣϢͦͨ
СҲЦһЦּԭǧõȨΪ໨ǧ򣬿ֶСҪԼƿˡ
һһ㰮ĵġԺƱǣͩ
ٰ췽Ϊ˱ⶥ֮ңһ㶼ὫǷɢǰͨǺͬ졣
ԸͩһĶʶİˡ
Ὺʼˡ
ԸĳһȻƿΪ
ͩԷĳһԺİ
СžһǧɽϣСѧ
ԴҾ˰ʽ𽻸ƻڸĿϡ
⣬һһ2.0m+2.8mСӰɳҰͩڽʱĺһФ񻭡
֮󣬻ר͵ׯ԰
ֻͩгʮ˷Ǯˡ
԰վݵݸͩȥɱʣµĶǴƣ˷Ǯ
ͩվݣΪʲôң


ͩε˵̫ˣҪǶǽϲУҾӹûһطʺϰڷҲƼ˻Ӱ顣
Ұǽҹͣ

ͩЦҲ뱻ҹФ룬Ͼ㻨Ǯģȷʵðڷ
סԲغվݡ
ھŵͽˣҶ볡ʱܼߵͲɷãŷֵԼҡ
ͩԴ˾Ƶʮ¥ͳ׷
ʵһڵĴ󴲷Ϣ
ķҲǶģȻΪˣӦİõĺסһ𡣡
ͩ޻˵

 54 

ͩϴˡ
Թȥš
ͻȻ֣кϲͺСϡ
ɫʱ
ͩҲĪе顣
ֶţˡ
ţӭ١ͩϴŲ׼Ĳɴ˯¡
µĳ֣ܿ¡
֪ͩԼΪʲôˡ
ԽǰίͰ͵Ŀ
ͩ¶һĨÿļЦҾϲۣҺþϲŶ
ѵϣǣԲԡ
ˣҴŻؼҡ
鲻ˬһҪͩ׶Լᣬܷߣ㲻⣬Ҳޣһطǡ
ͩҪԼ𣿡
ʵԭҲҹطǵġ
ͩҲ׶һ뿪
Թǣͩһֻ֣ú˯һҴԿѼ
֣ǵĿóԡ
ԣ㣬㲻ƻҵϢʱ仹ҪҵļƻҪҺͩԼȨδ̫˰ɣ
룬˵ǺãҽͩͬմԺ֡
ͩһޱ߽ҡ
ڿɳϣ΢𣿡
ûУҸϴءͩεֻ
#򻨲ɩ#Ѷʮѵİס
ǡǴ󲿷ɴϳ˵ʱ䣬Խֹʮ㣬ͩͲԵϢѾǧĶ
֡ǲС̫̫ͩŮʿһ춼Сһڲͬϻǣֹ֣ʮǣϵ
ԹСֶӡ̲̫̫ͩڹбֳͲСΣƳµ׽㣡
ȫǰߡͩͲ˫Իǣ˫˫סƵ꣬ͬʮֶ̹ӣզ֮ม档ͩǷڳ죬ֻ飿ԭǷΪԵĲ㣿
֤಻ͬǶĻͩͲǣ֡ԷͺЦӵƬ
һЩӪڴ࣬Ϊֻģ֭Ҳζ
СϺͺϲѾִŷ粨ˣŶƴֻȲһ¡
ͩ΢Ҳзĺ֡
ͩ΢΢üίĳŲ֡
㲻ң
ȸҽƬô£
ָһͩƬ
̹ͩףҺĽֻѺ͹ɩϵҶûа飬ҵ׺ҳϡ
ƬǴλ͵ĵģʱ˵һЩȤĻĽȵ㡣̲סսϷңûҵ
ϸ۲飺ûϲѰ̬
̧ͩӣҺϵģȷʵֻǰѺݡ
ѵÿͩһĸԼᣬĶʻࡣ
ʵ㻳˻Ϊѡ̫̫֮Ҿ˰б㣬Ҫһʱйġ
Ȼˣﶼ֪Ѿڼûйȥ٣ŵ㱻ָָ㡣
ίʣΪʲôŸ˵һΪʲôȻıҪ׶ҹ
Բ𡣡ͩԹϴҲ֪׶УҲǺﻹҪҹҾܾˡ㲻Ҫˣòã
ֹȻȴƲֵӡ
Ϊʲôǣ֣
ǣģ߶ԲǣңԲˣԺ󶼲ǣˣԭҰɣ
΢΢̣֪ˣ
һֱ֪ԼˣԺᾡġͩ΢΢ͷ
ֱסðɣξԭ֪ʷ²Ϊ֪𣿡
õġͩǵʣôƽѽҲ붪һҪɩùھأҲ뵱̫̫
ϲСѾڴˣֵ˱̬
§סͩӣֻģʽ
һմȥ㰬ңתĶ̬ҥͬʱ׷ףɹƽۡ
ͩԹ
ЦñһЩҪ벻ĵ£øӸ߲£
õġ
ҵҪͷ
ޡ
Цݲá
ͩϴƬһ仰ǰںͽֻ㡣
΢˵ֻ˵ûо죬ܱûг졣
һҪ˵ʲôأ̡ͩ
룺һ仰㹻㶨ЩӪˮˢⳡ粨Ӧþ͹ȥˡ
ҷȥˡ
Ҳתˡ
ͩһתԣֻ򳡺ǣǣֻǹɩ꣬ҵ̫̫ͽ㡣
˯ɣȥϴˡ뿪
ͩҼ
[׶׽Ǵﰲŵ]
ûеģԭǻͩǰһ߲˵ԼͲȥ׶ϯ硿
ͩҲûʱ򱻱죬Բָû׶ݡ
[Ϊʲôڱ仯ô]
в²⣬ԭܲμӺ֮öϺں֮·ûвμǺӲۣﲻڵĸ߶ȣҲûб̫̫ľߵжԣӶС
²⣬߰Ź澺ĺ׶ڣĿĿܴΪ˴ٽܵĸ飬Ӷϵĳ̵棬ûҪֹƻǵԼ᡿
С²²⣬֮Ի׶Ϊûǰ˵ҪͲԼᣬָպñƳţŸϽɵ㡿
[ϣ۲ҾѡӰ]
߽ңϲ˵շ粨ͻƽϢ㲻̫ġ
ǾͺáֻͩԹɺá
ֻһȦСɳûĴҲ˯Կ
ͩһ߱ӣ˯
΢Цϴ
ͩƼﲨĿԼ˵ǾǴƣ۵ò˶СҪűϢ
ðɣŴ˵ĻָԼǺñӡ
ͩı۾

 55 

Ʒ׶֮ͩǰִƵꡣ
ͩЩ⣺ôҲˣ
˵ҸӣŸӣҲҪԼᡣ
ͩ
˿ҵģҰεɡ
ͩ
ߴΪʲôǳػ׼Żɱޣ
΢΢һЦʱӦҪ̣
߰ɣͩޱ뿪Ƶꡣ
ֳſڣС
º˵С˵ҽҲ׶ȥĶԼᡣһ棬Ҳɣ
Բ
ҡҡͷ
ͩģҲԵȥ磬һֱ
ƣΪ˺Լģ϶Ҫճ㡣
С°һЦӽ㣬þòˣ
üĿ͵ĺ֣һҪÿŶ
õģС۾ЦЦ
ֵֹͩġ
ɽֲȥСҲҪ
ͩŲԱߣƼںſ
ȷԷǲҪȥһ
ѡǰλӣͩҰɣ
ޡͩòƶˣҲþܾ
ͷȻֻίˡ
ҲͷԣǲǺ²ں棿ǵĻȥִһɣ
Ҳ¡˵
ɽˡ

ͩȫ̱۾ʧ׹Ĵ̼оûнг
ʹѿ־к⣬ĴҪͩһơ
ӺǷ׷µ뿪С𳵡
ͩߡ
ͩĵʣ㻹𣿡
ͷ
в𣿡
ҡҡͷ
𣿡

ȥӰɣȥġ
šźȻͣҪȥϴּ䣬ȥģõҡ
ͩµǲˣȥɣûֻ֮ϵǡ
Եͷˡ
岻ûмˣ
Ҳ뿪ֳȥԷϷ
ͩСֵЩԾĸͨ籨š
ƱʾԼСֻѣԷͱ˸
ͩ۲С
ٽǾ뿪׶
ͩѾúСǼһֵƬ
Ҫúһ㼸ܰĺӰ
ƺͲԷֱ΢Ц§ס
ͩžͷһЦ
֮ĸֿܷɻطǡ
ͩͲһܷɻǵƬϴ΢
ϲС¼ǵøǼӽŶ
԰ִ򿪵Դ
ͩĵ˵ȻڳûиҵõӰ죬һͦˬġ
֣ԺСĵ㣬Ҫԡ̫ӴҲҪ㿪ڵߡ
ͩ鵽ʲô˹𣿡
ǴһԷصúܺãʵ൱ҲǶŸɵġ
һɻպڸӣҲһζķˣϣҲȥ׽ǵĺϣԺҲ߽ϡ
ֵƤգۣû⣬Ů¡
ͩ𡶰һ⡷ⲿӾ硣
΢ЦȤһ֧ȥϷġ
ҿһݼ̫ñô죿
ҲήҪ
ѡϷûʱˡ
мαͺ
㲻˵ҪҸݳ𣿡
԰ҴɡǺӲáطٳﱸ
ϷĻûʱˣ
ʱ裬ûʱֱӳϤĿֻҪﵽЧ㹻
ҪҪȵǣԺǣ

ͩЦӯӯͷǵһ档
ţҪѳֲסŶ

ͩԹˡ
ƿԣԼϱš
˵ɣô£
ʲôѽ
Ϊʲôң
Īеɰһʱ̲ס
ͣ΢΢һЦ
ͩˣСϺʹϲԱ߿ء
ǲŲ͵ءס졣
ͩٵĺһӣƿ
ҪɩȥǳˣԼڼԹԵġ
Ҳأ
㡣ͩһ
һ۴ӶԵʣҪ㡣
ͩˣٵȵȰɣһû׼
ֲףǲͲϲŮˣ
Ҫ˼롣ͩ뿪ûˡ
ס֣ǣഺ½
ͩҡͷҺֲͬԸˣϲҲ϶һ
ҺഺԸһҲ񣬵Ǻ½ЩƣȺ֣ҹƸ׺½ѣҲ棬ҿѡ
Һǣഺ޿ɺǵģҲͦϲഺŮӣϧҲϹ
΢΢һЦϷҾȥҪ½ɫòã
ͩͷϲĸɫ
滰Ҷഺһϲ

ͩûиƫ𣿡
ҡͷҾܺãһһʮֿɰҪѡһʵ̫ˡ
ͩഺһŮӣ֮ûбˣ㵱Ҫ뿪ഺһ𣿡
˼Ҷûиͬȵĸ飬ߵ;ഺһҪףѹҲСһ㡣
ĹؼǣǸഺȻ˶ǺģǶϲഺĲͬ׵۹ഺһ𡣡
οഺֳϧŮӣǻϹıǸպþͳһס
ͩԭҲûҪѡҪֲźһġ
˵ʲô
˵뿪ǲഺһҲʵûСôأ㶮˼𣿡
һЦҶ˼ȴΪǺˣôഺԶĵİ¹⣻Ǻഺ飬Ŀϵɰ롣
ͩҡͷҾǶʮҪġ
ȷʵҪǲֻϧûϧഺǻһֱ
ͩʣǣһҺഺһˣŹ𣿡
ᡣ˵Ҳ½ˣҲഺ
ǣ
һһֻһˡ
ͩ峺￴ԼҲĳĺͰ⡣
󣡡ͩգһǣԹԵұ
ֻЦһ£סӺгӵǡ
o(*////////*)q

 56 

λգպҲͯѧУ졣
ٴרȥǸףա
Ǵѧͬͬѧĵһʶ˱˴ˡ
ѧɼ죬ǱԱе˰칫ҡ
ԱǶͦģټ೤Ÿɡ
ѵʱֱ̹ٿˡ
Ա׼ľֹõ˽̹ٵϿɡ
λ̬ȵõ˽̹ٵ
Ǳеһͬѧǳ裬ֱַԵŶӻƴ
ǻʱҪյһȥ༯飬ͬѧֻ
ǵĳɼ£ǿű˴ˡ
ٿλĵһ۾ϲˣ϶Լһ롣
λһŹŵһ˫鶯ۣһͷԸеĴ㷢ʱɢޱȶ˵Ϣǲʳ˼̻Ů
ΨһܹٵŮˡÿοٶŲѡ
տʼֻǰѡѡ޵Ŀγֻ̣ҪԶԶĿһ۾ˡ
ԽѵĽӽռˮ򷹣Ż쾪ϲ
ѧһ꼶տĩԣپ͸λˡ
λʵճӴĹҲԼٶԼ㺣ȴһֱȥ⡣
֮λûдӦǸ֮ˡ
˺󣬲ٿʼĿŵ׷λġ
ٳԸַΪһַвͨǲھɷʽĻϵµķʽȥ׷λ
λΪģʵ˵Լˡ
ȻûзȴҲ˶İ⡣
֪෽ϲúϰߣǲ֪ԭһѡ
Ҷ׷ɣٿ˴عλĺοġ
οĵĳ֣ٵһολʶ˵Цݡ
ǣ֣У԰̵˵Цš
ٶһ߰й۲죬λĿźοġ
һ̣еǰı˹ȵס
֪һԼôȹġʹϵҲľګ¡
֪ԼˣλǷһ˿˿ѹ
ûѡĬĬףһ׷
ûٴҡڵȫ˶֪ԼϲᷳԼԲĵľ
ȷûȷ׷λȴȻüĿ飬Χ߼á
ҵ󣬲ٲϳѧҪλһںͯѧ˶ʿ
ֻû뵽οҲҪͯѧ顣
ÿολͺοѧУ͹Ԣ֮˫ԵĻ棬ٶޱͼʡ
ȻѵλŻ
οĳˡ
˶ʿҵǰһϣοУſںͼϵӵͬѧܡ
öԷˮˡ
ӵ绰ϵֳΣսҩƷ
οԷǷΥƷ˶˺дͽ̲⳥ܺߡ
λѹ
߸ԼԸοļ̷ڼõõչˡ
Լ顣
λʱûдӦ
ٸλĸĸ棬ϣϿԼŮ
ϣԺǺο˼ͨӵܵŮҲվڲǱ߹Ȱλ
ںοıΪ֮λͲٵǼǽ顣
ǽûܣҲûԵʱӹƽܰ
ٴµʿоüӰӦ꣬ͻڼרп⡣
λĻĶָ鼮żӺš
ٻݲͬĽλӦڵ顣Ҳʱλۻᡣ
λе䵭ȴʧ
ܹõҪᣬȴʼվһ㱡ĸĤ޷ռġ
پԼ˺ܴĽֻҪٶһЩʱ䣬׺Լ޼䡣
ʱ㣬Ǿȥֳ̳Է
̳ڸǣλ˿ˡ
ԱѼ԰´Ⱥ̨Ϸ
˰ѻͲһһݵǰ
㰮

ٽλ֣󵫺ܼᶨ
ˣղ˵˶밴չϷǣзƷǣ
û˼ΧȺڵߵ뿪
Ǹ˵Բţܵõȵˡ
û£ȥɡλº͡
ֻû뵽ҲϷУҪյ㸽Ŷ
һ죬λ߾ͽٵƶƶ
Աߵ˶ǵİֻλȫ̱ԴִٵվǶ
ȳ嵽ߣӽԼźҽŰһ漴§סǰߡ
֮󣬲ٽ⿪ӣλ嵽ϿصС
ۿ͵յˣȴ´СĲȵһֻԲһ£һ֮˵ڶ
ٵõƷһֻӣţ򿪡
λӣһֻܡЦһЦߺ˵лл̾ҳ
㶡
λߺðͷһЦ˵Ŷÿɰ
һֱϣԼλֵУ԰￴ĲЦݡ
񿴵ᶯ˵ЦݣʵҲͦõġ
ԭֵ΢ЦҲԱȿʵĴЦøҸ
˰ѻͲݵǰҪԡ
˵ɨһȺȻתӡ
Ұ㣡ţҺϲ㣡
Ŷ˺Ц
λߵͷ֪
Ŀ֮һĶͷ
ͯѧ
УԱߵĲٳϽС
λǰŵĹϯ̨ͺοһ۵龰
е㻳
ڳʱ䲻Ǻܳ㣬˺͹ڻĻڣֿ̨ݽĿ
ƹɨ̨µĹڣ˺ͣһ̣ۼڸոսͨ׼ߵĲϡ
һλӸûע⵽۽ˡ룬̨
㳪ʲô
λ˵̫̫գݳһסһ꡷
λ˼лصϣ֪ʲôʱ̨ϵġ
ȻеԶȻܸܵԷעӡ
ٿȴȻ
תһһ죬Ǵһ졣İûмҲûȱݡ 
תһһ꣬Ǵమһꡣõĵƽߣҵı䡣
һ꣬㾭飬Ծʱľޣƽ棬
λͷһ˲ۿҲЩʪ
һˣʲٵİǷֳ
еԺҲеɬڣǸ
ںЦ
ѧ̨ͻ
ûӹĺõ壬ǲȷĿ˿̨¡
ܲܰ͸̫̫
Ȼԣ
ллٿĵĽӹʻ
ֱ̨֮ǰ˵ţףԶò绨
ллλõıŻ
֮
ǣһ뿪ٳ¥ƹʳá·ͼݣУſȥƵꡣ
ҹ˾Ⱥϴڴϡ
λϵѹϡ
λǶͬϽֹ
ʣ׼ҪӰɣ
λ鸴ӡ
ĿƵעţĺܰ㡣
λ˼˼룬
ܳϲطһҹ

 57 

һ£ǺӲáսĿҪ¼ܾˣֱֳ
ļαŵƽλ̫̫λ̫̫ĺʹλ̫̫һλ̫̫λ̫̫Լһλ̫̫
αܾ쾺ŶӹǼ͸ƺš
ͩӸ߲£ӵڰڽĿʼڣ̫̫ۺǰĿǰڰ״һڡ
ŶӵȶҲԽĺʹ˵ڶ
Ļھ齫ӲŵƽŶе
ھǰĽĿѾ¼ϣαԼΪһս׼ˡ
ͩҲɩǻص˲ׯ԰ڸԵĹѵգżһ
ׯ԰ˡ
߼͸ʮǧСѾסһ£ΧƲ
еĴˣеȷʵΪ˼ңദҲͦѺõģѧһ֡
ϲŮ˶ӣһҲǶ¡
Ȼ͹ֿˣﻹЩ飬Ŀǰʧ״̬ҲڳŮ
עǣĵʮһŮ֦
֦Ҫ᯵Ļӣʹ֦æӲ˵˵ûׯ԰һӡ
ڲӲ֮ͬ£֦Ժ͸߼һסڲ᯵Ĺ
ȴôճŲᯣʱһ˲֣ʱϸϽһӹݳԺ֡
ֶŮǱȽѺõģҲʱӹ֡
ͩԺͲ׽ӽ֣ԷͩԴ׶ʹָǶϽ
֪ͩŮʵΪСϺһǳǣϲҲͨ籨š
ƽＸ֦͸Ͻãֻ˵Ͳദʱ䲻ǧҪ࣬ᱻ̭֡
֦ĸ׵ա
Ժҽѡڽ뿪ȥɳǡ
λԺ󣬶һ˿뿪ׯ԰
ɭֹ԰һ̺ĵط˺οġ
οĳһ£ϵҪ档
ԥ˼žΪʱ˽ᡣ
οµĳϣվ
λǰֻϤİ
οĳЦһЦҺ㣡
λӯȴЦû˾ͺá
οĺȻûЦ⣺ҷǳлΪķףⱲӶᰮáҵİҲҵĶˣһһ㣡
λĿҲ㱨ʲôֻ¡ĸԸ㣬Ҫҡ
οסȴ㿪ˡ
ȶŭʣһܸܲߣ
λѾˣԲ𡣡
οסȭͷǲǲˣ
λԥ˵һ㣬ְѾǰˡҷǳãƽҸɷǳҪ
οĺ۾㰮˲٣λô㵱ȷϲż޸ǴһԸҪң
ʲôʱģǰܾôŮ˵׷˵ֻϲˣɲٸһŮģȷԼˣ
λʹ˵Բǲߵģ㲻ҪٹˡֻúõĻȥҲף㾡氮
οķߺ޵Ķǣҵ˾㣬ÿÿ췢ˡʹûңҲŬԼ㲻ᱳҡ
ҵİǾסʱ;ĿģҲ㲻ױ׷֣һңҲ˵ҳ
׿ڳŵҪҳĺĺ㵱ʱƭأҲû뵽Լ
϶ûϲֻǱһ֤סˡԣһ
λ涵ĳĬš
տʼȷʵûϲ٣ҲûҪ顣
ΪԼһ᲻οĵģϲϲҲ벻顣
һֱϳԼϲ٣ΪоԼҲźοġ
ʱ˿ĺˣʶԼѾûаˡ
οľ׵ˣвɻȱѡ
ԸΪ飬ԸãһжΪ顣
οĶֿɡ㲻ϲģֻΪǰ²㲻Խ졣
һʯȻ谭ǡֻһʯͷȫԿԽȥġĺܰ㣬һɣ
λᶨ˵Ҳ顣
οĺ۾
λ÷飬𣺡ҺܸڳˡѣϣҲܹѡ绹£ˡ
ο˲䱧ǡ
λŵصֿĺ¼ˣ
οİŵڳϣвٵķ֤ݣݺұģ
λ￩һ¡
οͳֻݸұ֤һǳ𾪡
λƿ뿪βŵ㿪ֻһ¼
Ǻοĳҵһ˵ˣƶԷ¼µĿڹ
¼飬λֻĿʹ쳣
סˮҡҡͷǲģҲţͲˣҲֱ
οŭѣʵѾǰˣΪ˵õ㣬ֶεļӺң޲ˣ뿪ɣֵ顣
λ档
οıסҰ㣡
ٴо°صв֪ӳŻûûдκһŮͱڡ
Щ绰ȴҶˡ
ٲ鿴ֻλƼׯ԰ԽԽΪڿûнӵ绰
ٷЩڲӻһԷ                        
лҪ˵ϢŶ(ţ)

 58 

λĿĶŲ١
ߴӵӻתƵϡ
ûЦݣΪλû˪顣
ӷתΪûκ˺¡
߹ȥʣţô
λЦοĳˣҽȥԼˡ
ӵʣԼ᣿
λ˵ǺþòˣȻúþ۾ۡϴҺ˷ǣڹ԰ɢ´ȥ̼ġ
ɫ÷ϣ㵽˵ʲôҪԼ𣿡
λֱɳϣ٣֪ôģûһںͰİõң
įԱߣţ⻰ʲô˼
λ֮һɵģΪһڹôܹ캦飿ֱޣ
΢΢ɴ۾ֲ̿Ŀλɫף·𿴵ȥˡ
λվԶ٣ϲϣ
ĿɢĶŲҲϡ
λĮ˵вϣҲ֪㺦˰٣ɡ
æȥ
ţ㲻Ҫ뿪ѽûкûУ
λ˦Ҳûܺߵ֤ʣ¼ϸؽһƵȥεġ֪ܿҪȥˣ
ٰûкţңҪ뿪ң
λ˸е˵׵úܣӲ㲻óǿˣ˵ʲôҶ㣬Ҳԭ㡣
ʹסţûк㲻Ҫ뿪Һòãˣ
λʹ˦Ҳ˦֣֪𣿺οĵһˣǲεģ
㵼켣ȫԭҸĹ֪࣬㺦ɱʲô𣿣
ٵͷ˵ǶԲһֲģҪǮҶһ⳥ļˣæһݺù
λ˦֣ΪӾͿԳͿԵֵҴûˣ٣ǳ˽ˡ
ƼҶװæϹȥֹ
ţҪȥ
λûдװһЩҪߡ
ٱס߰
λʹ㲻ҪٺˣҺᱻȥģû취׶񼫵һҪ飡
ҲҲҪ飡ţ㲻ҪߣҪ뿪Һ֪һֲģ㲻Ҫߣ
λĵ˵ҲܸħȥһҪ뿪㣬ҪԶԶġҲϲ㣬κιϸ𣡡
İ󣺡㲻Ҫ뿪ңҪ飬Ҳģһǩͬ⣬ԭҰɣĲû㣡
λʹƿ˲١
ҲܼˣһҪ飡
ߣ֪ˣһֲµĴ㲻Ҫ뿪ңһλᣬҺúõĸòã
һˣҪôԭ㣿޷һ𣡡
㿴öôȣӣܲܲҪΪ뿪ң㲻Ҫߺòðţ
Ҳ㣬ҾҪߣ
ҪȥҪһ㻹𣿡
ԣһλˡ
ԭҪסȴĻסˡ
ߺʹįؿλʧ
ˡ
λΪ˺οĶӦ޸ʱȲʮָˣΪоλĺܰοģҲΪĺܰλ
λᰮֻҪλӣҹ顢ͷϣ֪ˡ
ȷλ᲻ĶãֻǾԼǳҸ
Ǹղţλһֱûж˵ġ׾ͶԺο˵˳
#λĻǰ#
ȫǰߡڷɳɭֹ԰Ҷٷλ˽ǰѺοģִ࿴ۡʮһǲݣСͷϻ̵÷⣡
óСѣ¹Ȼò볬ģϽɣ
Ҳ죺λڹѸյڶӡأӦҲ٣糬Ѱɣ
ԶңΪʲôѽٶôãңҲŲҪأ
۹֣ٳҪģ֪λǸֱŮƨɣڱҲǻã
ŮѽоֱŮüλҪôοģͲҪ޸ٰڳŴŲٵģҪǰѣģб鰡
ѣٲǵߣλοĻû־ͱʹֶβɢˣС̴ģ
ƽƽ׬һڣܺǲ٣ôڰ˵ҵ۵ôˣͰεɣ
ͩԴ˸е𾪡
[λĳǻ]
ǵľ飬Ĺ㡿
[ö߸ҳɣ֮͸Ҿ͸]
λɰĶ߱ʾ⡿

[֪Ǻˣ]
λ¹ƻСĸӰ죬Ӧ취ʧˡ
[ð]
λԭҪɻңȴٴ˴Ӱ·ˡ
ϻعׯ԰Ƕ˻ĺƵѰ㿪ٵļӣɻȥǡ
Ѳٵóģʽ֮ûаѲټΪΪԼҪԼʱȥ
Կɿɴĺüͨ绰УֻΡ
һԿɿɿĵȰ˵Ҫ飬һǲʹؼҡ
޶ԣҪغ侲һʱٸ顣
һȥÿ°֮סƵ꣬ȴûܼλ
û˰취ֻܸĸ̹һжĸװæȰӻؼҡ
ԿɿƵλ
һֱŮŮŮŮôãٶŮ
λȷʵʮֹТ˳ԿɿҲûкֹìܡ
ԿɿɺԼΨһŮҲ֪Ůȷúܹ֡
۲ΪλʧǣҲΪŮŸ𾢵ȰŮ
λ֪ԼһԿɿɴһ׵شѳ
ˣλ·һĶڷ˵ʲôҲϸԿɿɼ档
⼸죬οǴ绰ÿͨ˵ͣ
λȴ鲻Ȥ˼ƺںͲˡ
࡭ǺοĴġ
λ鵭Ľͨ绰
ο˵ٲͬ飬ôͰ¼졣
λһʱ֮䲻֪롣
ο˵档
λԥƵ棬ΪԼһ뿪ͻᱻԿɿǿƴزׯ԰
ĵ㣬οĴſֺñӣ㿪ұڵ˺Ƶʮ߲¥ͳ׷
λտŸͱסˡ
оӵİʹӵΡ
ο˷ܵʣҺ㣬ҽ𣿡
λ͵һֻԥص˵ͷ
οǽǿ
λʹֿ㲻Ҫһû顣
綼Ҫģοļٵذ˵ڴϣһ̲ͣѵ·
λŲѵʹҪңο侲һ㣡
οĹܲס°ѵӾ׼ַ
ꡣſˡ                        
лҪ˵лALOHAСʹͶι1ŵסѨѣ

 59 

#Ʒ־#
#̹Сҹ#
#ٻ׷λ#
ýֻǰѡ¡ìܵϢѣûаλڷǻĺƵع
ȻרŸٴµļС飬ڲׯ԰ͺƵ긽̽ϡ
ٻǮѹѣλҪȻֵȦ˾֪
ٽĹֻһݡ
˼٣о뿪֮ȴȻû˻ׯ԰ȾƵ˼ޱȿλ
ĺˡ
ٿƵ꣬һĨòƵЦǰ̨˵
Ǻãŵġҳ˼ܣͶüҲؼҡҺܵҲȰһؼҡôҲϳңǸһķſҽȥú˵
֪²ġ̹С㡱
ְҵҪǲܳͻϢ뷢΢ߴ˵սء
Ů˵С㣬绰ɣ
ί˵ڸϽҵĵ绰ʵûа취ǰķҰɣұֻ֤ȥȰĺˡ
˵һ仰ۿȻʪˡͣգ۾ͼˮ
зڵϲѯλķš
ͷպ߿ٲĻԼбҪλ׷ޡ
ٴӿͷӹһŷڿˡ
һڵķǰˢ߽ȥ
һĨҪ˵ϲ΢ЦʹǶŮš
Цʧ˲䣬Ѿ˹ȥοˡ
ο߿٣ʹش
λŲѵƿοģٰԼ
οİλԼߣסȭͷŲ١
ٿλҵԸվںοǱߣȻͿ
ڵϣסԼŬƿ
λĿҲԽԽʹȥסȰҪٿˣվѡԹۡ
ûйϡ
·￴ŵĻ档
ԿɿɺͿͷԼµľ
Կɿ۲ѵĹȥŮС٣أؼң˰
λѹ
ԿɿɺȻһƣ˵һջû飬ͻҲҵŮˣȻСٸ˻죬ֱ޳ܣ
һϽĸ󼸲裬
ԿɿȻλɣһȰСǩֵģ̤ׯ԰벽
λȫʹĿϣ·Ӵδ˹ιƵġ
οסλ֣ӶĸŮͲأǲô֤쵽ˣ
ǲҿɲǺ۸ģС٣ߣԿɿŮ
裬Ҳ롭
˵һؼң
һͷȴֻǿλŵذӡ
Ҫһ𣿡
٣Ҳ㡣
һλϻ䣬˲ٵġ
һˮ˿ϡ
ԿɿɴŮҲвҵıڡ
ּƼһĺܣǰȥɷãΨиϽƬϢ༭λĶ
#¾#
#λͺοľƵ챻׽ڴ#
#˰Ů#
ȫǰߡڷǵĳƵٷλǰѺοڴϷƸ꣬Сٵײ
֡Կɿɽ󿴼οŹ٣οĲλһǶ⡣
ԹСֶӡλҪ飬Ҳͬ⣬Ӵ£ǲ뺣μҹϵѣ
óСѣüһֱŮͼûкý
Ҳ죺λôͲס𣿺ôٺ͹һ𰡣ĺܰܺøУ
ԶңλҪˣǲѵһûλͶҪɫ𣿡
۹֣ǲɢǵĵߣ˽֮߱пɺ֮
ŮѽоȻ氮ճɾôοĻλҲ޷Ҫϣʲôɰ飡ٿ߰ɣ
ѣ𾪣ôŮ̫̫Ȼ£Ҫѷˣ
ƽƽ׬һڣܺǲ٣ôڰ˵ҵ۵ôˣͰεɣ

ֵôأŶӵĹٺãҲܵ˺ܴĳ
ͩòϼͥʽ𣬵۸źͲ̫̫ɵ𺦡
λΪ飬ô̫̫Ⱳӹƶ䲻ͷϡ
˵˲һ˾Щϧ
λڲȺ淢ϢԲΪҵӰǵĲĺܱǸӦòȥǳ¼ơǺӲáˡ
Ž԰ãټѡ
֦һᾡģϣϺȡ
һСҶ֪㲻ǹģµҲ޻˵ûй㣬ʹҲѰ
ͲҶİһֱڣ㱣أ
λлǵĿݣһȺ
Ž˲˶ްʵ˵ҶԳǺܰݵģ뿪Ӳ֦ˡ
֦Һ㱻۶˵ָܣһ޳֮ͽֻҪԼľǱˡ˻һòףôôŬ׷ԼҸ˵ʲô
ŽĳǺ޳ܣ˼һ뻹֪֮֮߳ģ
λûг졣
һСҶ̫Ҿ֪㲻ǣ
Ͳ֪ҪҪҥأûгȳöˣѲô
Žû𣿿ǴҶ˵˰
֦ѵΪС㼰ʱֹǲδ죿
ͣˡ
λȺˡ
ȺֻԾˡ
һСҶ˵ûг죬ںǶĿϣȥٽͣԭ
ͲӦøϽ߶㣡
Žٿ϶֪ûĺǸϴʹδҲǳˣΪ죬Ҳ졣
ֲ֦ûбеֻԲҶٷ˵ϴǲҲܲ˰
ŽӴֺ޳ܵˣҲ֪³챳ԼǶôģҲ޷ԭ£
֦ҽû㳳ܣȥԣ
Ͳɩɩնɩǽûг죬֪ͨ㣬顣
һСҶ˵ǻҪģǰһֱڻǱߣôȰȰ
ŽٱǶûг죬ѾҪˣҲò֣οҾȷʵϲοġ
һСҶƽʱͦ䵭ģοĸճͺڹ԰ƵЩطױҲʼնźοģԸġ
ͲǺðɣרĸ

 60 

λͲǩ˲ŻغǺ͸ĸסһĿǰڻסƵꡣ
ĸϣܹͲٺͺãҪ飬Ҳӭؼҡ
˶ˡˡ
λͨèۿǺοģĺܲ뿪֮飬ԼǷ̫ˡ
࡭ֻˡ
ش򿪷ţģˡ
οıסЭǲͿԻغǣ
λƿʱϵܻҪܰ
οĺʧ䣺Ҫȣĺʹؼң
λֻҳȥ򷹻ɣʲô
ο§ס㡣
λʶ㿪Цˣȥɢɢġ
οĶң㲻һ𣿡
һʱ䣬ںңҲӣһûͶܺȡ
û˰ɣ
ҳȥˡλϷš
Ƶÿһ䷿Լڷοĵ͵ǱȥԼʱȥѼҹ
οĴ绰ȴҶˡ
οķϢǲǲˡ
λһЩʱ䣬Ҫϴ
οûٷϢɧ
ֻˣǲٷ΢š
ţҺܸԼһ㣬ܹȢΪޡΨһźǣûкӡ
飬ҺҸʲôĵ飬ֻҪһ㣬ҾͲ᲻ˡ
ҺܱǸûиҪҸҺ˽ֻԼҸ͹ˡ
һֱڱ޸ңеˡΪֻҪŬضãܹ㿪ġҴˣ⼸ôѹ
Ҳ֪Ϊʲôôϲ㣬ΪʲôҲ᲻㡣
Ҳ⣬ҿϱǷծҪŰñҲذ㡣
ҺܱǸʼն޷ҪӣΪҴһŮˡ
ܰͷϣôϣ㣬֮ǰ㡣λһҪҸ
ٺһľƣɳôҲ˯ž
Դλҳûһ첻ʧߡ
Ҳǰҹ˻û˯ţշתԽѹ
ԼܱΪΪλҲǰġòϣȫԼĴ
Ϥĺǻλοг֮ǰλ顣
ÿӵ˯ÿܿԵеޱҸΪһСжֵõġ
ĵڹݣԸȥߡ
ɳ̲Ҫڳϲβ
ƻȾ˺ˮԵĺλá
ҡҡλεɳ̲˿һŮں߼񱴿ǡ
û߽ŮߣͿԷһİӴˡ
ʱûںϷſ˼
أ˸Ρ
λ߶ѻɵľ޴ǱôҲȥ
ٸϵˣϷֻ붺ֲЦ
Ե֣ȫЦȴһҲϲ
ʹˣҲԸֻ˵ĳǱһӡ
λͻȻʧˣٿ־循ŵڿռſµĳǱﵽҴܡ
ѹֵҪϢڵϱ̮ûȱ
רλֻ
ʶѣ㿪һĴľˡ
Ҫͨ磬ֻˮݻ˶ֻ塣
֪λ绰Ϊʲô᲻ȡľ
˹С㣬û°ɣǧ벻
û¡Ŭվ
ϰԲ𰡣ʵ̫˲̲ס³
ллֻ
ޣõģ
ٽӹֻ绰λţң
λοĴӦңֻҪҼ޸ͻɾǶ¼
٣ҲںǶ¼Ǹ޷ҶҲа취̷Ҳεģ㲻õҡţһܰ㣬һֱ㣬ؼҰɣҲ飡
λȻƽ¼ܸĳͷҾͲҪɾˡҲңҿǷĸͬ⣬ҿܻһ𡣡
ټ˵ĸͬģǲԣǸ㲻Ҫ飬ֻҪԸߣû˿һ𣡡
λǰ̣һְͲа˽ñȶħҪ£Ҳԭ㣬Ҫ뿪㣡
ίʣΪʲôͲܰңҾҪҲңã㲻ҿԣֻ㲻Ҫ鲻Ҫߣ
λһί˰ɣһֱίһֱңûп𣿼ȻˣҸӦáҲ޷ȥ
ĵ˵ţ֪ˣ㡭
ԲһҪߣ׼ʱ飬غǿĸˡλжͨѶ
ֻٰݵûˮ
۵˵С㣬շౣأ
Ҫ뿪ҡٴſǻ˵ûаҡ
ҺܱǸ򿪳š
ĨˮĿװ˯
֮λɻغǡ
һڣǺӲáܾҪʼˡ
ͩɩǷȥǳǣӽĿָʾš
᯵ԤŮҲ˰˸ֻʣ֦͸ϽûڷǺԺ֡
֦̾ͥͨ㻹ֹ֦з֮ŮӣԶøв
̸᯴Ԥ룬Լ֦ϲ̸ԣܺ顣
᯴Ӧ̵Ҫ
˵̸ѡ
͸Ͻǻûз֮ģ֦һЩлŮĺøС
֦֮ǰܰӹȥ棬ԴɳǻԺͺȻûȥɧˡ
ΪʲôȻôˡ
֦ϸ𰸡
ǲǰ֡
֦ԼǰȷԲֺкøУǵøкȻûˣȻԼˣҲͲ᯵
һĻӣһͬŮѵҲ˴š
֦һʱ䡣
Ͻòò뿪ׯ԰
ǾòƺĺϲͩҪλѹ죬ǾԶһĶǮƵĺ˼ˡ

 61 

ǺӲáձĿϰ˵㿪ʼֱԤʮҽ
˲αԹ㡢СΪһЩδǧСҲ̨ϱݲա
ҵүСҲֳۿ̫̫Ǳݣֻвûй
Ŀʼˣڷ׷ֻ׼Լõ̫̫ͶƱ֡
Ŷӵܵλ粨Ӱ죬δӵڶ˵
֦油λ˶ãΪķһֱãʹCP۳ҲǱ֮ԱǵС̫
Ȼ޷ԽĺʹΪǾ
ͩƣܱǰѺܲˣϣɩǲҪ̫ʧ䡣
ŰűȽĴ󣬵Ҳûвġ
Ҷȴ޷
λº䶯ͦģ˲ƳǼ¡
һξҶӦ飬ûУһζеʧ
ھϵЩӰ졣
ۺֵȻһֱȶû̫̫ĸߣѾ˸ϳˡ
Ҳ˵޷õκһ
Ŷֽ֮󣬾ֵİ佱ˡ
йھ̫̫Ǿ̫̫ȫ̫̫
ÿҪۼƽۺϳɼȫڱȶָ
ͩڰ佱ʼ֮ǰҲԼҹ˾Ʒڲ
һӵĿĹžͷһЦ
㿪ľҿģԿĹȫҶģĹɿڣֵӵУһҪŶ
ͩƤգۣBiuBiuBiu~
ţҰ㣡ֺȻڹϯվͩס
ͩ;ͷһ
ͩĺǡʹʯãֶԶֿ㰡
Ŷ˺ЦĹơ
ͩ΢ЦԼҰơ
ƹⰵ
С͸ʫ̨ϽǺӲáܾβҪ䷢λ̫̫
ֵ̫̫ܷ=ɼx100%+x80%+x60%+ȶx40%+x20%
ֵ̫̫ܷ=ɼx20%+x40%+x100%+ȶx80%+x60%
ȫֵ̫̫ܷ=ɼx80%+x100%+x40%+ȶ60%+x40%
ɼǰУͩȡҶλ
ǰУȡ̫̫̫̫ͩ
ǰУͩȡŰš̫̫
ȶǰУҶλȡͩŰš
ǰУλҶŰšͩȡ
գͩǡ̫̫ǡ̫̫ǡȫ̫̫
ͩÿġ
ɩҲеˡ
ֵ΢̫̫
ͩЦеĻظ
ۣĽʺޣ
ۣСɩգ
Ҷۣͩôôգ
Կɿۣͩģ
#̫̫ͩ#
#ŵƽʵһ#
#λȱϯǺӲ#
#Ҷ#
#CPһ#
#һҹߴα̫̫#
ǺӲáܾˣ֮йصʮϢ½ѣ΢ռʮСʱ
ͩΪܻӭ̫̫Ѿӵǧٰʮ˿ǽʮĺ̫̫
ߵУһھյʮԵ롣
һ⡷Ҳ룬Ƿݡ½
ͩ˵ǡİ߽һʵŮԱഺݡ
ҲϷ뷨
ⲿϷͬʱڼﵱмαɱ֮ٸݳᣬһбˡ
Ҳ֧ɩΪǼ£Ϳڱ֮ǰЩĿǰֻпܳΪ̫̫Ѿüͥʽҫ
ͩڹƳʸ֮ģøСߵİˡ
ǵġֱҲᾡԼȶȣ󡣡
ͩЦеڡһ⡷ӾԱЭǩ
ɵڶ֧񣬻ʽһԪ
Ҽһ׶ọ́͡
ȷǷ֧񣺲뾺ѡڰ佱ϻá̫̫ƺš
[֧ǲǾĪ߾飿]
ǵġ
[Ҳ]
Ϊʲôأ
[Ϊǰ֧ѾûӦҪ֪߾飬Ҳ½ܵ˸.ͽֽ׶ΣǶԺľһ֪ҿܻв̤޷]
[̬ȣҾΣգԸӣҲԭĽıӵĽ]
[Ѿ׬ڣ˳Ҿܴڵʽȥţ̰֧޷ߺ߾飬ҿܻһǮòȲ]
[ҾܳΪ̫̫һ׶εľ]
ղŲǻƻȡΪ̫̫㣿
[ǵģһȡ֮龰ŬΪ̫̫ΪĪþ͸ֿܻʧܣ̫ˣҲϲ]
λɰĶ߶Ϊ㿼ǵúܶԣ֧㲻
ͩ΢΢һЦ
ȷǷ֧񣺲뾺ѡڰ佱ϻá̫̫ƺš
[Ҫ]
ȷǷһ׶;ȡؾ顿
[ǵ]
Ϊһ⡷ĸ.飬ա
֦ĸ죬Ժ֦ɳǸ١
ĸ֦˦ѶҪ֣̹ײֵʵȰҪ֡
֦˵ùõŮ֪Լܸӣֻپ
ĸŮĶԻȴ͵ˡ
ԷֲֲͬĸͬãǵùõŹ£ʱ֮顣
Ϊ˵õͩͲţд֣Ҫϳӡ
ǡʱֺ͸Ͻôţͩ鲻õĳɢģԴ﷢ܹϵ
ͩ˵ͬԵҲӼᶨ˺Ͳһľġ
Ϊ˱ݾߣûͩͲ顣
ͩҲԸⰵЭ֮λƽûѼֵҵϡ
ֻǷ˻ͩԵʵʱ
ͩҳߣ΢ϱʾԼּұˡ
˲µҵȦ׶۲Źɼ۴⡣
ͻ֢סԺڼйŴܲõ뷨
һ㣬Ͷݺ֡
ѱϳţСķ֮ϽǣΨмںǹӡ
ȥ֮Ϸٰ֮ͩһʢ¡صĻ
ͩϳ֮ͨһϵлʩ緭̡ϴ˳õ˵߽̫̫١
[ֺСһˣ]
ûд־͵ˣзĻ߲ܻ׸ܼҵŮ
[û뵽Сҵ]
ϲ㣿
[ֺ͸ϽţѵҪϴˣ]
ΪͩһֱܾϴҲɻͩ˲ԣǳãĳһӦʱ˾ƣϽײƵ꡿
˯һҹбϳѡ
ͩҪͲ飬ڲԲݾ߶Ȱʱ踺ء
[ɫǾȻŮϴУҵøϽճ]
Ѿȥˡ
[ʲô˼]
˵㿪֧񣬼Բֵ̬ȱԭĺöˣֲû̫ĶƳ졿
ԭڡǺӲáܾǶӷģʱϽṋ֣̃պÿȫȫ⹴֡
ûм֣Ҳлɳˡ
[ԭϽʱѾжҼˣûȣһȣ]
Ϊ߰ڣΪôΪֱǻõģճɾǽԴϲġ
[]

 62 

죬#λϲ#ͷ
λиĵȥҽԺƵĻ档
޷ȷȥҽԺΪʲôŲ²Ƕ̥ǰ̥
ҲǼٵģֻץʱ䱬ϳҵ
óСѣäǲٵģλȥҽԺΪɱ
Ҳ죺äǺοĵģ֪飡
ԶңλжǿҰɣǺοĵģոճͺһˣۺöģԭ£
۹֣ҲǺοĵģλϲ٣ôöûкӣӲںοĳ֮ʺͲҪӡ
ŮѽоǲٵģλȥҽԺӦþҪɱڱɱˣǿɺֿ
ѣǺοĵģô飿ǣٻ᲻ҪӵĸȨ
ƽƽ׬һڣҵģҰεɣ
ڰռ˰졣
λ̹ԼĽȴֲ뱻֪
ѾǶ̫̫ͨС㶼㲻ϣѾȦûжˣƺûҪѽԼ顣
ȴ˺ǡ
ĸİ£˳ǰߡ
λòԼһ԰衣
ҵġټᶨ˵ϣƽ
ġλһƷ
ҵģ£պҺǶȼٵǼ졣
ֻʮڣպǺοĳǼ졣
סȭͷʱ˼һһһûǣܺнӴ
λ޻˵
ٷſȭͷҲǰͺûкϹֻ֪ıҵġ
λĬ
Ժ︡ҹԼݵı续棬Щ
ޱҲ᲻뿪ңֱӾҪˣȻˡ
λϣԼû졣
һΪѾңȻڵҵĴһǻεؼסʱ̡
Ҫٽˣλյ˵Ѿ飬㲻ҪǰƣҪҵ£
ٵͷοı˾ϧȨƣ޷Ҷûˣʱչ㡣
Ҫλǿ˵ܹչ˺ԼͺӣĸҲҡǼԣ¡
Ѿ飬ʹӳԺҲѸȨи㡣Ҳֹӣÿµĳһ죬֮ǰϣ㲻Ҫٴҡ
ίʣܲܺҸ飿һӡ
λͷȥ
ʣΪʲôûиοĽ飿Ҫӣ㲻Ҫ
ҵ²ܡ
ϲΪʲôһǵĺӣɰѱ
Ҷ˵ҵ²ˣ㲻Ҫ߶߶вУ
ʣĻûҪɱԲԣ
λתͷҵĺӣûҪĵ߰ɣҪٴҰ̥
ҵĺӣ㲻ңԸҪ
ҵĺӣҵȻҪ
ίĿ󣺡ܲҲҪҰ
ܣλתס޵ĳ嶯
ٵͷ˸һ˵һ˹רź㡢㣬ийصķö
ллĺ⣬Ҳܡ
ֹˣΪҾôԵ
λͷҲϲ㣡
ϲ㡣վټװǰޡ
ٺǰޣ
ҾҪҪİˣ
پǿĺӡ
λһ첽ˡ
ٺĸŷɻطǡ
գׯ԰ٹݵĶʮŮͱڷ˺ǣסڲ͸λһ
λҲĸӼϵⶰ̥
ЩЩΣȴҲȵĽš
ϣ΢źűŰ˲Ⱥ顣
Žһӭüعǵů
ͲĽ㣬Һ㣡ϲ㣡
һСҶףػĽϲùŮ
֦ϲϲһӭ
λллǣ
ŰһЩиʳ˶Լ̥Ļλ
ҶҲ侭顣
ʢȴλֻȻˡ
ͲĽںǹûأҿԿɻȥġ
λһѽõġ
֦£Ƹסٹݲࡣ
һСҶչֹôĻﻹмֺеĿԹȥæ
λ̫ҲãҾùˡ
ŽǾͺãԺвĶʰʲôҲԡ
λ˶к±̬𣿡
ŽӦûвˣʵﻹǺϲġ
һСҶû޸οģزҰɣ㻹Ǻܰģ
λЩʱ뿼Ҳ˵½⡣
ͲĽúõģǰӴ
λ΢΢һЦ
#к#
֡գƵںμҸλйŮ
ԹСֶӡλסʱ͸ıչҲǲټԱƺͺãָտɴ
ȫǰߡλοģ˫˫ص׼飬ȴⷢ˲ٵĺӣοҪλõ̥ȴܾѡ֡λĪúʹٸϣ
οķ΢֮ԱǲΪ˴λݺҵģ
λ֮ҪٷΪҸˣҪͲ飡
λ˲ٵĺӣ޷ҽ飬Ϊ˶ʮСʱ໤ֹҽӽһβɢǣ
Ҹṩ֤Ҫ֮ڷ÷Ƿֶλҽ֤ݶ˷ɵƲã
ԹȺڻһƬѷ
ٷ΢ʵҥ˵ģ그µк޹ϸ𡣾Ѿڹƽ̨ϴڮҵҽԷֶ׷סϳͲ
λ΢οûнΪҰҵĺӣҸֻǰιϵֻûа顣
ҺͲŮʿ飬ΪߵĽ룬Ǳ˴гѷҪ־һʱ䣬ѲҪҵĺ˵ģлл
λȻ˵ѺýϣҲӡ֤ҪĴԡ
Ⱥˡ
ͲĽ㣬һٽɩ𣿡
λҲڰ˵ǲѼǼ˵Ӱ˸Ե
һСҶӰ˾µɣ
ŽοûҪ㵱鴿Ϊ˴˺ϲ
λȷʵûҪĸ˽飬Ҳ˵
֦ͶСìܣΪʲôƫƫںοĳ֮飿
λҲ˵¡
ͲĽ㣬ϣδһٽɩ
λظһ΢Ц顣                        
лҪ˵Ϣգм¾ͽO(_)O~

 63 

ǲֵա
ͩӹݳǰȻһɫܳ
һõǰţҰ㣡
ͩ٣ΪʲôʱضܱףĿͷһĺʵⶼûУ
޹˵ҺϵģҲֻһ˵Ұ㡢ϲ㣬ҲԿڵģʱܱ⡣
ðɡͩõĽӹʻ
ָ򿪳ţԺˣҳȥ档
ҽյ
ϲ𣿡
ûвϲͩ˵ҿûи׼
ҵܴ棬Ҿͺܿ

ͩѻӷɳׯ԰
ں̲ɢ
ӣûϲ㣿
ʵ˵ҾҲϲңʵֵú̫ϲңư׽͸
ͩQתˣϲ㣬ûбˡ
ǰһû뵽ͩ龰ͻȻס
΢΢̣ҲϲңԸⰮң
ͩתǰߣҲ£Ӧ³Ǻ˵Ҫ׷ҵʱĶġæŸ飬ֱڲŸ𰸡
ָ˵ǣ֣һʵжֵ֤ñ
ҾĿԴͩʣܴܲӦһҪ󡣡
˵ɡ
ϣܹС߼͸ϾҪٺκϵˡ
ֺܲ죺Ϊʲôǣ
ᣬһᱻǹ
ͩ˵ĻģҶ죬Ҫž㱳ҵĿܡ
֣Һ͸ϽûƵϵǺҲжˡСֻͨѣϵҲ֪ΪʲôҸè塣
ֻͩˡ
ðɡһЦĻҲһرֲв̤㲻ңԸ߾ܶһӡ
ͩɫ΢Ц
ʱ䣬ѡӹݵĹ۹̨ϳտȺơ
ͩȾƣǳֹ
˵ӣϣ˵Ļ㶼ԴҪΪǺ￪Цġ
ԥصͷ
𣿡
ûС
ΪʲôӦٶۣ

ֵͷҵҪ˵㲻ϲҡҪ֮ĻҿܾͲ뵱棬ҿҪΪǿЦġ
ͩҲͷҪ˵ǣһɲϲңҪҴߡͷϣϣܹ߾Ը㡣
ҵܣǧҪܺòҪõϡһЩĿҲҪǷթܿغùУԺάõ󡣡
״ԽԽãһЩǧҪͳԵĺȵԷݺ¶֮λܲһְ
ȻڽЩе죬ĺܵᱻɨسţϣܺúõĲҪ¡
˼ţһҲů
̧ͩΪԿΪ˵õԸңҳΪ֣
ͩΪ˵õңΪܲãϷֻ֮Ըһԭ򣬶ΪӦıĹˡ
֣ôжϳҪԸң㽲ʲô㿴ʲô
ͩȻ˵ҪԸ㣬ҸоԸ㣬Ҳμҵֶ㣬ݺΪıɱ̵֡
ֶͩʲôҲ˵
ͩԣֻҸ˵Ԥξϣ㲻ҪģжκοҪҲ͵λˡ
ס֣˵ллţܸܵҵĹĺͰ⣬ҲԸĻһᱣԼ˻úõչ㡣
ͩ΢ЦСĴָҪӦұԼһһ
ҴӦ㣡ֹסָס졣
ҹͩϴѾǱ˯ˡ
ӡ
ţ
ղ˯ˣ
ղе˯ˣ˵㡣
ͩϴϣ㲻Ҫˣ
е㺦ߣлú˵ҪôԸеջҡ
ͩ˯ȹʲôҲû⻬ĴʮĿسںɫ֮ͽǰ
˴Ρ
ַͩԼϡ
־ϲʣģ
ҪҪͩŴŴע
§סһҪһ㻹ǼһЩ
ͩսϣεε˵ͺ˼Ҷġ
ֶʱ´Ц˵ҾΣҡ
ͩߵԶԡ
[ǲҪ]
ϲ㼴һҹ顿
[е]
ƽܺ
»صϣۺǹ΢Цţม
ͩӵסԼ
棬ѭ򽥽شһķ绨ѩ¡
գۣͩ컨ԼͲԵľ޷
[ţҼҵ컨岻ϵ]
Ѿ˴Ҫ֮һ
ͩʶתͷȥƼ˾Ȼǲԣ
ͩʱ˳˯ȹ
Դ˯ѹͩʧӡ
Ҳһôҷ
ˣھҪȥͩû˵ĻᣬҾ͵ͷܻӹݡ
ڷⲽѯһЩӶȴ֪ͩȥ
ֻܻͩίӣˣ
ֲǰӭȥû°ɣ
£ͩ˵ȥ򹫹ݣĽĴϡҺֻǴ˯ûзΪ
ɫۿɼٶ
ŵʣôԶľ룬ô㿪ȥǱߵӶûֹķȷڼûкǸ
ͩסСȭȭҵȻûкʲôϢôľȥڣҲ֪ǶңҲǳһͷģ
ЩȻе˼顣
§סͩ˵ԲҲǻ㣬ֻǾºܹ졣Ҹղſ˼أûз뿪ңֵҹԱҲûп뿪ҺܱǸˣҲܵ˾ţԲ𣡡
ͩһ棺ңϲ㲻ϲҲܣ
㣬ҹıȷҲңʪ͸˵Ļõ֤ݣ

ͩͷߵĲ˵

 64 

#ͩ#
ׯ԰ļ类ڿ֪Ĺˣ¼ĲƵʼ˶ý塣
֡糿ǲٷ˴С㷿˯ɫһҹ˶ȵƣ״̬ƻڳ졢ͨɱ
ԹСֶӡͩӲԷ˵ȹһҹѺͲ飡
ȫǰߡͩͲͨ飬ִһ޴ӫñͩڼĳ죬ѺͲЭ飬ѵõֵĬ½⣡󵨲²⣬ԸӷԣͲϹٴһ㣬ͩѺͲϽÿ˷ɻ
óСѣǰλǰѣлͩȴ裬ûģֻиģ
Ҳ죺ҲҲҲţ軨ôԸ죡һթŷתɣ
ԶңƵֻлͩƬΣûȥݣ²żҴȥ˲Ǳߵأ
۹֣ǲҵļƵһõֵģ˹ǲŶľ飡ͩҲĿŵڲԷҹϷ˿ɲǳصģ
ŮѽоͩŻʧʧӺ鰥Ҫ뿪ҲӦǹǺֱײɣ
ѣ᲻ǲԽ߻ͩǿҪȴòģԻͩžʧֳ
ƽƽ׬һڣͩӦòǹģǺͲ鵽ȶ̲ס˯һºѹִ˴ž룡
軨µĹŶѾִⳡ۷粨ˡ
ͩ䣬´ûӰ̫̫ѡɼ
[ԭǲΪ²ѡ̫̫ģ]
ƺǣûʾýѻʱ֪ͲԳ죬ֻвҵ֪һ
[պǹҷأ]
㲻ǲԹع㣿
[ΪʲôҪôûԸӣӦò׺ԣοڼ]
ȷʵԭҲںͩ
ͩ΢ҹӼսãϡ㱲εĽķûжԲκˣҲûκβ¡Ϸ¡
һӺ󣬲תĶ̬賿㣬Ϊȥˮӵߣϰ˵Լˡ㣬Ҳ㣡
ͩظ˼ı飬ȷҪҪҲڵ֤˴˵ס
ԺϴŵʱһǳĬԶԣ΢΢Ŷûϵͩ
ͩе㺦²ԻԼԶֻס淢ĳ嶯
йڻ⣬̫ǡ
°ˣţ̱ͻ飬ǹȥɣ
õģͩε˵ΪҶⲻȥ
ǣ֣ǼҵļѾ޸Ҳǿ˷Ӧòٳˡ
ͩЩΪ˾ѡ̫̫ȻʹֶҶԼҺϣ䲻
֣һǾúܹ죬Ϊʲôûȥ򹫹ݵĻأѵǺڿ͹ɾģ
벻ͨͱˡͩݡ
ڼͥҽ£õ˶ȴࡣ
軨¹ԹϴԲ̣ǵŪ顣
̳̾һҵôˣӲ鸾ؼﵱ̫ŮԴ׳ȥˡ
ΪӲҶˣҲˣֵԺ֣֮ǰ᯵¡
һŶҪңʵûˣ
̶Բ𣡡ֹǧҪˣԺ󶼻ע⣬ţ
ͩҲ̣ҺܱǸˡȷʵûг죬ҲᾡƽϢⳡ粨ϣ񣡡
ƣĵͷˣҲΪ֮ɡͩˣҾʱǧҪˡ
֣ǣһ߾ȫ˲ңģ
գͩڿӡ
СϹ˵̫̫һ⡷ĵԴ绰Ǹ˵Ҫ½ɫ
Ϊʲôѽͩرյӻ
Сϣ˵ķ̫ãȻС㶼˵ûг죬Ƶһ֤ݣѶСûзϵ
˵ΪԷⲿϷ̡ڼͲŽ׶ΪĸӰĳЧƬҪֹĺ
ͩе㲻ģû뵽̫̫ᱻ˵ͻðɣҴԼ°ɡ
Сϰο̫̫ģҺܿռһЩμӣȻģ
ллˡַͩ΢ţԼϢ
[ԭﻨͩҲûϷ]
ϷΪⲿڲ֮ʣͩļ޸˲ԣڵӰʡ

[ͩŮѵĳĵһϷȻĽ]
ͩߵľǺں·ߣݵ½֣ݼȦɵ㣬õ˺ܺõĿڱ˵һֱڱͱ˫ط籩Уǵ˴Сǿ
[ôܳΪ߽̫̫]
Ժܳϧһд۵ΪơԴӪڴ˵£Գ˳Ϊ߽̫̫
[ԭﲻǲȳԲͩΪʲôôѷ޸ԣ]
ͩǺں̫̫ѻӺ֮ÿʼѾԣļ޸ӵĽѿΥġ
ֱ֮˳λܲݺͽᷢӶϳͷҲѵͬġ
[]
ִ绰Ҫǵʧһְݳʹģѹ
õģҲ籾ˣҪ衣
ݳ֮Ҵʳġһ⡷ĵӰ棬ŮɫҲ
̫̫ͩһҪѡˣ˸ľ籾ԱҪϷֵӳʱѾˡ
֣ʹΪ˸ѡ׼ȤĻҲԳȥϷҪ
ͩһҪæ¼պ͸ƣûնܵӰ
֣ѡ˲ϷڳﱸҲᵢʱ䡣
[֮һԭ磬ʲôӣ]
һ
ԣûʱﱸҿԽ᯸ϵֹ˾ľæƬ
ͩҪܶǮɣͥʽ϶ˡ
ԣžǳƷǮ⡣
Ǿôɣллӣ
ûпĵ㣿
ˡ
ټ
ôôաͩЦеĽͨ

 65 

軨ݳᡷľУмųСЩҵǧСҲˡ
ݳῪʼСʱ󣬲ֽӵ磬Ҫزׯ԰
ϰ˵룬̤ӹݡ
ŵʮ֣뿪ׯ԰ھŵصġ
ݳὫҪСʱʮĻ
ŵʮ֣ݵӶ˴绰֣˵ǲһ̼жԣɼͥҽ׼ȥҽԺơ
ڲ߸ﱲ΢Ⱥ﷢Ϣ֪ͨң׼̨ݵͩ뿪ׯ԰
ͩƼһϾ볡ֱд·µǲ̲Σˡ
Ͻѵ߸ЬסѾ򿪳ŵĲ־Ҫһؼҡ
ʱ򣬲ԵĳӼٳ˹
ʮšˡ
ڲִ򿪳ŵǰһ̣԰˶ʱ.ըĿء
ϵðȫʱ򣬾ͻᱻ·ġը
ͩͻȻˡ
ĳֲӳ˽ʱ䣬ԼҲܱըˡ
֪Լڳȥ൱ɱδףᱻ˻ڵ˲ׯ԰ļ·ͶŶ̡
ᱻָ̻ϳţҪΡ
֪ԼóȥʱĽ޷侲ǵ˼
֪ͩˣʹ˳ж࿪ġҸ
ɱ˲֣͵ϳͩҲһ
ֻв˻ѣϳ˲ſܵõͩ
ߡ塭
ͷһȣ͵زײֵĳӡ
ͩۼֿ֡
ҲʶסͷԽԱߵĳͷڱ˵ĳԱߡ
飡ͷײͷ֮Ǹıը
һСʱ
Σգڻ״̬û
ͷȼʱָȴʧ֢״
ֻǵѧʱ飬û˱ҵ֮󵽻ع⼸ļ䡣
ҽ˵ӦÿԻָм䣬ʱܱȽϳꡢʮꡣ
ҲҲضʧļ䡣
Ů겻ѡ
⼸ۣŲµ¹ôˡ
ԹļͶĿֽͬţݳϽ¶
鷢ֲԾϵʱڿݵĲ֡
Ǽļڲׯ԰ֱصȥ¡
Լӵ˼ңԶңعرׯ԰ļ·Ѱװ̷ﶾƿ
Ȼ޷ָǲָɵģֱ˸ɶ޷ȫ
ҲΪвڳ֤ױ˶
˻Σҵͻʱɲ
ͣļأӲĳӺ䱻Զңشˣɳһңص߷ɻ
ɻֳӵײӦǲ˼ʻ·
ʱ򣬾ݳһСʱ
ݵӶ˲ôöûзϷ˳ˣӦûݳ֮ǰ绰֪ͨ֡
Ҫٴ;볡ȥزׯ԰
ͩΪݳܲ뿪ġ
ԼĳƼ׼˶ʱ.ը
ͩȴȻܹ˵ҪͲһؼҡ
뵽ͷϷں볡ٰݳĳΪ
Ǳһʱ޷ãʹŻؼҲ޼£ɱݣһСʱŸϻزҡ
ԲȰغ̨
ͩȴӲҪǰݵĻؼҿ̡
ըըʱԽԽۿͩҲҪϳؼңżˡ
ԳĳָʹƻðսȻͩ
ײһ̣ըҲˣԱ߱˵ĳҲˡ
ֺͻͩڱ˳Ǳߣ˵ˡ
һܵ˺ȼʱΣգԲȴΪ𵴶ʧȥ˲ʧ䡣
ЩΪ˰ѲŴܲõ޻ܲá
ʱŹɼ۴»᲻òƾٲΪһδܲá
ö֮Ҳ˳ϳչ˹¹ѵΪɣӭȢͩΪޡ
Ա˶Լʲô
ʱ޷ƽֱ̫࣬ѹԲþ
#Ϸ˲סԺ#
ȫǰߡʮϣϷڲ軨ݳڼ䲡ػԣԺƣ¹ԭδ
#Գʧ#
ȫǰߡʮϣСڲ軨ݳڼͻȻ볡ĿǰҽԺƣƻʧ֢
֡СͲϷͬһϳ¹ʣǰ߱ըˡ߱˺ǼĽ
ԹСֶӡֹ飬¹ʵʵ򣬻¼о飡
óСѣäϷ˴ѳ֮λԣֲɱˣ
Ҳ죺ǲָɵĺ£ŮҾãܺ߾֣
Զңûб˵ϷжһҥԣȻΪǱը˵ģҾʣը˵Ƥôã
۹֣¶˸ɵģҿ϶ˣڲϽܾ˵йԼ˸ɵģ
Ůѽо˭˵ϷжˣֻͻȻΣѣ
ѣըڲֵĳϣײֵĳ˵ģҸоп϶ı
ƽƽ׬һڣһδƽһÿ˶ֹţڻѪ¹ʣ
Ӫֿʼͩˮˡ
ܸͩ¹ʵĻʹΪľɨһٵǳϰ
˵Ϸ׼ѼҵԣͩΪԼԵϳˣϷͶײԡ
ͩϽʰЩӪš
[ʧˣһӶǵҵ]
Զֹ
[ʱıʧʵΪԼв̤ĺʧܹ֮ǵңҶǺ£Ҳܸл]
[Ҳһܹٷְٵվ飬ʹ֮չҴþˣٸ״жҪҪıĽ]
ҲŶ
[ʲô]
бʾԻϷ˺Ͳȷʵԣǲֵĸ͵ȥңͿڲҳ󣬼̳ԭĳ֮ܲλҲܹѡж뻨ͩ顿
оãΪһŮѡǰȻʵ͸жֵͬԭ¡
л˵ĺܰͩҲĺܿ׽ŪҲܵõӵеġ
ͩûаﰲŵȴԻͩһ̫ˣϣܹǶĽָá
Ϊûǹ⻷ͩҲܿƣĽǺģǿҪҰϲԡ
ʹͩҲȻѡͲһûʧ䣬ͻǵòĺӶԹޣҲΪϲͩȴòޡ
ڽǻͩİ˵ϳԻع鵥ûʵͦõģûҪ
С±ʾֱܹýԴϲǵȻǺõģ߾Կƣһֱڵĸ޷ٶܲҵġ
οҲȡΪͩѾܾһȴȻҪɱͩİ֮ˡ
ըҪ˺ˣҲõĻͩȥӢ۾˵Ըʧ˷һ¡
[Ҳǹȥ¿ʼµȫȫⰮǺõ]
[һɱ˲ֲ֣ٴĽֶ˵Ǳ磬Ҳϲ]
Ĺף˳ɽ֡

 66 

ˡ
˵˲Ե飬ĺۡ
λ˼Ҳ²Գ޲ֵ顣
ѡԭ²ԣӴŵҵ񣬶Ǹһֹ˾ϰ塣
Է·ص˸ոյ֪ԼǲСʱ
ʶͩҲΪԼͬĸͬá
˵ԼΪ˾ȲֲſȥײըģΪʧǰԼͲֹϵܺá
˵Լ֮ԸͶΪܾ̾Ǯ֧˾ģΪܹŷ
˵֮ûгͷı֧˾Ϊ̺ȻСЩûиСеĹذ
Ժܸл̴˲С˹ûи߻֧ҵ
һŸжģһǱҶ׼ȥɳǾӪҵ
ǰһ죬ӹֳԷ
ʱӰû׼ʱؼңֻͩһˡ
Ժϲͩãɰ
ͩ΢΢һЦķأ
͸ҵĸоϵ˵缸ʶ㣬һָǧݣҿܻȥ³׷㡣
ͩͷҲʮϲ˷ǳ࣬Һ㣬ҶжӣҸϲġ
ЦһЦమأҺףҲͦˡһɳ֮ӦûŬѰŮѣϣҲҵ氮
ף㣡ͩƱ
Ժûкýأ
ͩ˼һ£ҾùͦõģҲͦϲ㡣
е㲻˼ˣסԺǶӣȷʵңܸоϲңû뵽Ҳˡ
ͩİôԣ˶ˣôCPۣһ𣬿϶Դϲ
ǳЦһ¡
Цʲô
룬ҸղŻ˵ҪŮأȴĪЩĶе͹㷢չϵ
ͩüЦʵõģҾ൱ѵõר㣬δֹţĳĩ
Եͷҵĳ
ͩ˵Ľ㣬ףԸǰƽһҸԺпվͶЩˣҪѰֱ
Īʪۿ֪ΪΣҶһʶĸоͺҵˣվ㡢ʧȥ㡣
ͩе˸С
ЦһЦҴӦ㣬пջ᳣ؼҸǳԷףӡúϣ
ллͩɱ
һºλһı
ҹȥҽԺﰮֵıŮĵǽǹݵС
λĸŮ･װ⡣
١
ţ
עӤ뿪۾ĿŰˡ
ҵĺӽʲô֣λŮ
΢΢һЦûȡΪ顣
飿
Ҳ԰
λʱã۾ɢ
㶣㲻ϲֿԸĵģȡɣ
λȻ
ٲȷǲԼ˵˲ǵ鲻á
ˣĸҸ֪Ϊô죿
͵һλƼһ
Ϊʲôأ᲻ֻЩ˲Ե鲻ã
ûвãλȻۣŮõúܣ
ʵôˣˣ
ҵ֡
ޣ裬㲻Ҫ˵Ҹòã
λŮػﱧţȥҲ㡣
ίͰ͵뿪ĸӤҡ
ղ˵ĻȻȷλΪʲôȻ̬ȡ
˼ȥ绰ͬΪŮӵĻͩ
ͩڼȪˮ
СϹֻ̫̫Сˡ
Ȼңʲôأͩӹ绰ι
٣ãģиһ¡
źߣʰɡ
ո꺢ӣȻֹ㣬ƺȻŮ˸ʲô֡˵ȷ˵Ů軨֮󲻿ģеҾΪʲô᲻أ
ͩ˼ǲ軨ҺCPȡֻҾû˼Ҹ˾ðɣCPʵͦõģӦò
٣ǾˣҲûʲôģǾCPŮϲ⣿
ͩŲµôˣ㻹˵ʲôϸɣ
ϸ飬Ȼһ
Һ֪Ϊʲôˣ
Ϊʲôأ
ЦҲӦ֪ˣûв¶ԡûˣллá
ͩܺ棺˵˵ɩΪʲôģ
ȥٸ㣬ݣٹҶϵ绰
Ҫص޶ߣ͸ı뿪ҽԺ
ȥ鱦콢һö¿ʯָĸӤ
һһСŮӶ˯
λԱߣ·һ޼֮ƵĿ
λעӾˣﾯ۾
ٵϥ£ţ޸ң
λ٣ɫ졣
ٳֿ˵Ұ㣡ҸлôɰŮϣٸһλҺúõس軤㡢ϧ㡢չһӣ
λ۽ǻˮĿ
нŵ֣䡣
λӣίʣҸñѶЦ㣬㻹Ҫºһ𣿡
סֻ֣ҪúõߣҲƽϹȥ˭һԭµУԸҰͷϣһܸмܰϧ㡣
λ¶һĨ滨Цݣ§ס˵
ûϹûк鲢ΪĺӣΪԼ⣬ԭҲܰ㣡
Ļŭš
#¸#
֡ϢλŮ֮¸飬ƱǰǰԵϲ
ԹСֶӡٺλ޾ɺÿϲɺأƾԲѷ죬ΩԸЯְͷٷ룡
ȫǰߡλο֮Լ˵޷ӦͼҾһûǰ;ĺοһӣʹ˼ʹúȡٵĹģҲںԼķѡԭλǺôһѪĹ
λ»صׯ԰һ죬ټȫԼǰ֮ǲ֡
ֺܿġ
ͩҲܸˡ
#ּγ##ͩ#Ϣռһҹȫְ֪ˡ
һ⡷ӾͦûڵģԭΪͩᱬϣû뵽һԾ˳ˣԶµȫ
һ⡷ӰͶ̣кЩ֪Ա¶¶
ԷҲͩ֡
ͩһҹ֮ĿĶ̫̫˼ѾȦͶʼֵʵŹˡ

 67 

#ͩƶϵ#
֡ݿɿϢͩڼ޸֮ǰԭǺͲƶġ֮󣬻ͩ޷̳г֮λѡ˻飬ȻȻļ޸֣书֮ĲСﰡ
ԹСֶӡͩڡޡһԼͲִСãʵֻǻԡʼΨͼĿ
ַ΢̫̫ڼ޸֮ǰûаˣһһչңϰŽ沣һְĺӣʮԡ
ƽһףһԸĹɩϣλ飬Ҫ̫̫Ҫڮһ׷ҥߵķΡ
Ʒ΢ͷ˼ϵʱӦˣҺΪϵǿѨȷ¡
Һ֮ͩԽԼԭһҶûаֻ꣬ϲãҪȢΪޡ
׼֮ʱҵ֪ԼǲѪŮϾϷ˲أϣǰǵĻҲʽ˻顣
ʵףúͩúϣҲϣҥϢֹҪٶⴧҺͩĹɩϵ
ͩû뵽ƻķ΢ֹӡ
뷢΢Źȥлƾӹˡ
ƣʲôؼˣҶ֪
ոշɻŽž
棺ϵӦúܿͿƽϢϣӰ쵽㾺ѡ̫̫ĳɼ
ͩ΢Цлл㣬ԭҪҪ㹫ء
ƣֻǼһҺֿڹһ£ѲǣԺӦҲҺˡ
Ըͩĵʣɳôû̸ѽ
δĵһ
˭
ʶġ
С
ۣ㻹³ˣ
ͩNɪ˵ȥȥôδǧС㣬Ľģô޸ֻСˡ
ɰЦһЦҺˣҼ޸Ϊϣ׸ǡ
ͩʵȢ޺ͼ˶һģֻҪǸǶԵġʵģһ𶼻Ҹ
ƵͷҺ䣿
ͩ΢΢һЦϣ˿㣬С˭νҪϲʺ㡢Ҹġ
ƳĬ
ͩ˭һ𣿡
˵ѾʧǶ˵ͦõģԸ⣬ϣԺҽ
ޣôظأ
ƴ˵˵ʧˣһֱûҵһ֮ˣ̸Ըһ𡣡
ô˵أ
ҷȥǸһĸʽ
ͩʲôʱɹȥأ
̧עϲֵģϲʲôأʲôʱģ
ͩߵ˵Ҷ˸оΪ١ࡣϲƦƦӣҲڷ¼ƽʱϲġİҲңںҸ
΢΢ͷҸͺãҹȥŮѣٻɳǸ
ͩһ̣ףѵҵ˫գ
ллƺȹһ֭
°صͩ
йĸѶûˣİɣ
ģȫǰ߾Ȼûж֡
ǣΪյҷĹȥıըϢһͻᷢ
ʲôϢ
պĴζԸ㣬ҵͷҰһЩϽý壬һҲ۸ǡ
ϰ˵㣬Ѱ#պ¡Ʒ̫#
ȫǰߡǰպ¹ӶɱҪо̫ɱδ졣
̫ڱ׷ɱ;оܵ޴Ĵֲ̼֪̿Ӿ粡飬־Ҳûѹ
֤ʾүϵСʦʵպ»ǮСʦݺɣĿΪ˴Ҷͷ
Ϊ˰ϱȡ̫̫ҫպ²ֶεش̫̫Ҳ֪ΪܷΪżҴĻر
պ·΢û֤ݵڮٶɷ̰żҳ֮Ҫȫǰߡɾıҽ˾ֶλػ
ȫǰ߸Ķ֤û֤
պ·΢֮λ޴ǣЩν֤ݶΪαģѱǣҪʵĲýƭˣȫǰߡ˾ĴڣаۼĶ֮һ
ת΢ǴȱΪʥĸԲơȫǰߡ˵Щ¡˹żҵ̫̫λѲ۾ĸż̫̫Ʒ񣡡
ȫǰߡǴͳ£ý岻Ӧñ˾Լ޷˵滰ȫǰ߹պŮʿı֤ݵġ벻ţÿһ˼ѡǲ±׷Ϊ㹻ĵ
պ·΢ɳʦŶӣʽߡȫǰߡҥ̰ڮҵƻҵ󣡡
ת΢֧ϷάȨ
ȫǰߡٵȱϯ
ͩû뵽ƦýȻҺǳżӲա
֣ȫǰýͷϴ첻µز£Щ฻ҲȻúܣ֪ĻϴжôԺյı
ͩ汳ǿżôϣ
֣ΪףպһǧɣȡˣʱܱŮ˳̫̫ݡ
żҵ̫̫ҲܵӰ죬þö޷̫̫佱ίϿɣ󶼿𡣡
ԲǷҪýϷͥǷӮⳡ˾żҶ̬Դѵ̶֪ȼٸӰ졣
㿴ΪպѶΪýڶͬġ
ͩպ¿ܲµǱˣ᲻䱾ĶԸǣ
֣ûʲôϿԸˣ˲٣һȷǸɵĺ¡ʹ֪Ҳ£һ׷Ƿ˿ɲ۸ġ
ͩ΢΢һЦ
պº͡ȫǰߡȻĴ˹˾ȴ֮
һûгϴϣԻָյĹ
ҲܵӰ죬٣ڱҲЩ
ͩȴӸ߲£׵ĳκһ̫̫ߡ

 68 

̫̫佱¡ؿĻ
ͩͯƷƵķװ鱦ΣͲֳ
죬ӮٵĿԻͦģЦҲΪŶԵø⶯ˡ
պ´Լ̫̫߹ĺ̺ͩ
ͩȥкŴˡŴٷǺѽ
ɫº͵Ŀͩ
պƳһ۲֣䲻ȵ˵ǹݣżǲܼͲˡ
֣˴˵ļͥᶰ֮١һٵʹֶζԸ̫̫֮֮Ҳ޿ɺǣд
˹ʣһһ棬Ժ˴˺򡭡ߣպˡ
Ⱥһ
ͩżҵǲǲ׬Ǯ
΢ЦҡͷϷڱܴ󵫲࣬ʧ׬ʲôİɡ
ղŶԭˡ
һǺõģϣ˴ԺദǺ¶ֻ򡣡
㻹ҵ𣿡
Ȼԣ֮ǿǿ֣ҷҲѡһЩĻҷ֣ԷĺôҲ󡣡
ͩͷҷˡ
һȵʢĿֲĹǳࡣ
ͩΪܵѡ̫̫ѡӵĹҲܶࡣ
ھͷǰƷ˿ڲڸῪʼ֮ʻصλϺͲŨ⡣
ԹСΪһЩǧС㽫½̨
ԺͲҲڹϯϿŸԵŮѱݣﶼĬĬͩ˳Ϲ̫̫
̫̫µϯͨڵλǷֿģͩ޷죬ֳֻ֪֧Լ
ůůģϣʧ
ѡʼˣͩȸȵĸһ㡣
ǰ½ˣֻˣһ̫̫Ѿżҵպ£һٸżҵŮѡҪһЩ
ۺϿ֮£ίһ̫̫䷢ͩ
һιֲ֮ǳǵ̨λ˵̨
ʫ飺ڡޡսĿԹ龫ֵͷնʵ˿һڴ
СڡǺӲáսĿԶӳݴɩǻƴܶи˳ն˵һŶӵĺóɼ
ʫ飺ڡ軨ơݳϲڳܸ裬˳ʮֻᡢŮˡԺƿǧʮԪ
Сһʮ߸ǧһԾΪһߺ̫ʱ䣬˿ʮǧʮ򣡡
ʫ飺ǵ̫̫
С̫̫
ʫ&Сڳ谮ġͩ
ͩЦеشӲվһӻ֡
³ŻĻͩС㡢ǺŲҵĻ̨̫̫ͩ콱
ͩߣԹԵصŰ佱α
Ůϯˣ̫̫ã
ϯãͩ֡
ϲʵΪ̫̫
ллԸˣǳлȫҵĴ֧֣лίлͲлҵļˣҰǣ
ָһǹ
ͩһЦһƺʩμӽĿҴྫʵ˲䣬ǵĿĹ
žžž𲻾ڶ
#̫̫ͩ#
֡ǲҳ˻ͩն̫̫ƺţ˳һ˵ľѡϲɺأ
ԹСֶӡϲǷ˻ͩŮʿٵǵ̫̫ıþѡ˵ʸ񣡡
ȫǰߡϲĿǰĳ˻ͩѡ̫̫Ϊ̫̫֮ഺĹ󸾣
óСѣ˵һ׻ʵһƥ
Ҳ죺۹ãһҾ֪϶Ů籾գϷ
ԶңȻͩǸϱԣ
۹֣ײ˹ʺˣô
ŮѽоҰ軨£ҰӲ㣡ҰͲ㣡
ѣɩʵϲɺأúͽ˰ɣĸôһ֧ӣ
ƽƽ׬һڣͩͩҵģҰεɣ
εεε
εε
ε
ӷƽ˾¾á
ִͩҪӡ
һŮԹܡ˫Ů˫м
˫ŮĳһӾҽѧͲ.ɾעʱһ塣
עгɹʱȽϸߣȻΪԵһЩ
ֲļ֮ͩͬѡڴˡ
ͩرʱںͲ罺һ
ͩѾûŮˡ
Ҫ뿪Ŷ
[Ͳְͷ]
ҲǲԣΪʲôԭأ
[һ¶һԺĵүү̰ҴӸԺؼġǹþˣԭǣ޹ûرں]
[İӣ᲻ӲǴ뿪һ]
[кãһ]
㲻ҪںĽ㣿
[Ҫˣ˵ڷʳʮˣʹûǮҲԸͬʹȹ]
ĹʱúÿǣһפС˵ĻأԺ뷴ڶ޷뿪ˡ
[¶ˣҲ]
֮㿩
[лл߻]
뿪ˣ㻹ʲôҪ˵أ
[Ҳ֪ûбֵ⣬Һɫһ𣬿ûҺܱǸ]
[Ҹлôһọ́ںͲమأҺ֣ܿҺ]
[ףҲĵģټ]
λɰĶ߱ʾǺϲ㣬ҲûΪѡͲһʧеģףҸ
[л]
Ƕˡ
[ţлл㿪Ĺ]
Ŷ
ϣͩЦĸֽԼʵ
ЦһЦˣҺܸʶ㣬ܸлԸߣûѡȥ硣
ͩͷ˵ģ
ţҾš
Ҳϣš
Ϊʲôأ
ΪϣҺͬһˣΪˡ
ֳһЦҲղſЦΪעߺִɡͷ
ͩߵ˻ҸǾҺһӡ
šѹסҰ㣡
ͩһǡ
ϲͩ񣬻һ鵤ҩ()ֵ ()
ϲ˳꡶һ⡷ľ飬һԪϲ֧񣬻Ԫ
ͩڡһ⡷С˵磬ϽڿС˵ռ䣬ȷϡ
[ȷ]
Ĺͬͩύ룬ʱЧ
[ô]
ڿϵͳĹڽ󡭡50%100%ѳɹ
ͩ.ĴΣеǰδеĻ䡣                        
лҪ˵(ţ)
֧֡䡷
鱻һ籩±ߣһŻ˵ıʯ
ʯСŮڹŮܲǰ
˫ĿʧĽ㲻ỹԸؼ﹩
ʯҪϽһԽʱգԸ
ϣָ壬ϣָ
Ӧ˱ʯҪ󣬴ӴƵèͷӥ
Ƥx㡿
ҹԲݶŮС
Ůǳ嫺㣬һ䣬˼һɫ
ºڷߣŮںӱߴԿ
Ů̧סһƬ꣺㣬ҿ䷱ü۰֡
ŮڴϿϷ
ŮЦĶˣ㣬ҶϲŨƬΡ
ӢˬŮ
ŮԼĿڣΨɲɹ㣬ұ㣡
ŮıעӡСĳɡС̫
飬ҶԣҸľǺһ𡣡
飺㣬Ȣ
ǩ¡šԽ


صС˵www.527txt.com ȥС˵
½Դ磬ȨԭУԤ