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һֱԼѡ֮ӣǷβĺᣬĲ֮
ֱĳһԼǸС˵磬һеĴڶΪСʦŮ·Ĳ֮Ҳǡ
ӵв֮󱻰Ůķɴħͷ꣬嵱ѻٵŮ
ɲɣⷴɴħͷǰøմٳ̹Сʦܡ
ĹεĹˣʦˣ
ʼ˽̣ޣףСʦܵ·
ǽŵʦʦǷ֣ԭŰĴʦԽԽɥĲˣȻʼ۸ŵСʦˡ
겻׼Է겻׼˯ϴ·ϴɾ׼ȥ
ħԨµСʦܿ
Լô꣬ԼʦôҲеģӦġ
֡
ЦЦȻס֣׵ħԨ
Һ޼ǸŮˣα񶾣ҴоȳϣֶҰٰ裬ƽԨ
һգһһһֻ
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һ仰飺Ҫ
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============

1 

ǽŵһ꣬ꡣԹɵıʦѱڻʦô멹ֻ¶һ˫Ĵ۾ĴŹɽľɫ
һϼȴһλʦ֮⣬ֻλʦ֣˶㣬Զûкķ١
ԣڼλʦ˵ϼܹһСʦãʮϡһ¡ȴһλĪʦĺλʦֶӭλСʦá
һ㶼ѷŵ֮󣬾վʦߣգŴ۾ǡ
ʦʱº׵ʦñֳױȵġ֡
ʾȥС壬ʦ֡
˵ʦֵ߱סȣֺǺǵľͺʦ֣
СŴŴʮϲ겻ԼͬĴΧСʦá
Ŵʦֵָʾһλһλʦֵĺȥ
ʦѿôӦ»Ҳһ
żͽ˵Сҹ֮ŮҲǵʦãҪչ˺Сʦã𣿡
ʱϸǴʦ֣ʱ䣬С塣
ʱͷʦģ׵ġ
ʦֵ۰Ͱ͵ĿǣСʦȥסʱ
ʦҲϸҲޡ
Ųһ겻ΪţһӴСʦܱʦ֣ԵΪ˷ܡ
ѱЦԸǸޣˣ
һߣʱһǣһǽϼ塣
ǽһ壬Ʒ塢̷塢ϼ塣ϼǳ˶㡣
˵Ǻ˷ܡԺȵӶˣҾǴʦ
Сʦöûһ죬ŵʦˣ
̵ͷ˵ʦȽ
ôʵ޻ɡ
ʱúЦ˵һԺ⼸أ
ôѽʦôԺϼ壬һرģ׵С˵ݵʱһ˫
ʦΣķд˵ʦˡ
ǣȻС壬Ĵʦ㡣
ٺ١ЦΪ̫ģָջβãɢŵںڵĳ棬Ȼ̽һë׵İɫ䡣
ʱ񡰡
ûںܿĵ߶ţǶԺڿһһġ
ʱĽŲסС塣
һͣ£ص̧ͷȥʦֵı顣
ʱЦЦֻë׵Ķ䣬ָǶԶ̾˻ȥ
ǵòغˡʳָŵߣһĶ¶𣿡
ŸղŶðĵطĵ˵ͷ
̫˷˻Ʋס
ʦ֣һʱ䣬ͲԼܳʱ֤
ʱףЦʦֵһ졣
ǽϼƽȴζʱһһĴǰѶʦŷĻݱš
תۼʮȥϼҲһʼ˶㣬ӵڶĵӣɿƷ塢̷ᲢۡҲʵĴʦ㡣
ȴƮʦԼûʦĺ֮⣬λʦһչһʣһλʦû¡
ʦʦƨɺСӳĵŮȫԶһ棬ʦʦֲ֮ʱϼ¡
ʮ䣬ϼ½˺ܶĵӣʹСúһʦ㡣
ǽţǵ֮ţƷһֻݱʹó뻯ټƢǺܺãʦʦֳţΪǽţǺߡ
û˸
ǽţʦҲһܴķա
Ϊճ֮⣬ǽϼѧķѧ󱳽ֻ಻ԡ
ʦϼʱ˵ѧЩ秵ĶͲסһ˵ĶѺȻǿӲ
С壬ǴʦˣøʦʦһʣʲôᣡѲԼĴͽܡ㿴ʦ֣ʲôᡣ
ʹɶֻһֺǺǵĻش֪ʦˡ
뵽ʦ֣Ҳ֪ʲôʱܳءʱչꡣ֮˵ҲֻǵָһӼ䡣
ĵţźȻ죬еɰʸŶ˶ſ˸ͷķֻˡ
ѻֽһţʵǸ㲻ֲţϵѧΪʲô
߹ȥţſվһŰµ꽣ʿӢһ˫ڵ̫
С壬㻹ڸְŵĻֽһŤŤһЦ
조˰һЦһΣ㲻𣿡
ҿص֧еİ̬ȣˡһ˵Ӻܿ͵˰ɡ
Ĭ룬Ȼ߼׷ϵ٣΢ʦ֣
Ź԰ⲻ٣Ȼ˵ӺݽУҵΪʿԵħ
۾̲ס˵ʦ˵ˣҪҹεġ
ֲǵһνųͷӿˣһҲడ
е
ҡ
ģһ
û꣬Ȼγɼ죬еڸνҵǰ棬ÿв˾ͻͷ뿪ǽš
ϼϣ־Բ⡣
˿νǺôһļϡ
ܿ죬ǽҲ֪ͨ˸ɳһ˳뿪ǽš
һεĿĵλڴ½ԱӺݣǽ൱һξ룬ҲҪյʱ䡣
⻹ǵһôԶ
ϼ֮⣬λʦʦáһӺݾڵš
ֱΪһ¿æýͷö˽
ʱظյĺȲ裬ŵļŰ£ֳֳɷǵģǾǵġɡ
̴վʮּ˵ЩʱգʹһЩײϣԴ󷢣Ѫжֶ˷ָλʦ
ûнעϣĴ˼
ʦʡ֪ʲôڴ֮ǰʿǰ
ʵӺݾһ꣬ڼҲʦ޹ԼҲ˼ʿȻ֪ǲģܺùûСϾȶġ
ɷȥߣ
һĵͷһλǰʦҲҪģȻԡ
ʦأٲ廰
ݺȥˡ
١̫ˡ
һλǾһȺȥʿ
ˣʲôʱЩͷ˵ãҲصˡЩòң۾
˵Щէһͦеġ
ʦε̲סСµټҲֻЩϣǿһ˵ܵõʲô
мߵľ𣿡ˣʵ
еġ
鷳øʦÿ
ε˵Ҿûǵۿܵõõ
Сʦóé®֪˼նȴǼ˱ﺦˣĿȫǣҲǵθڡ
ʱû¾Ͱ˴ŸСʦ˽˼նˡ
鷳˴ʦʦȥЩߡ
θλʦʦöǳɽ࿪Ҳá
ȵλʦʦ뿪֮ʲʳԼɻ
һ£˸ȴҪһǸʲôԵɣ
ʱŲС˲ߵģ
ż


2 
ʳʱڻλҪ·ˡ
û뵽ôţ༰⣬ƺǱʵеΣðζû˵
Ȼֱֱˣʡ·
ΪҪ·ˣؽζ޹أһյģ
˵ô˵·أΪظĸ٣ӣ
ĸǴѲɢȥ𣿡
ٵķ˾δңǴʰңȥסһʱ䡣
⡰ѵ򣬾Ͳ𣿡
һ˲¶һ㣬˵ʦܹҵļҾǰôٱȻʵ档
һ·˲ʰȥǣҲܵõ𣿡
мȺƽ񣬱ǸϵҲ벻򣡡
Ըꡣ
˵ĻͦеȻˣһãǾʵ档
˵Ӻݶţ಻ԣΨΪֹûгκεУĻȥˡ򲢲ףΪǻ
صԽ޼ɵҲΣգԾ·ˡ
Ҳ뿪ӺݵģҪǳӺݵ·̫һСֱӳӺˡ
˰죬̲ס˵ˣɴñסˣ
ûˣҪʲôɴñңӺݸ̨ס򡣡ĹٶȥˣοСϺף
˵ûã⼸ʦʦþͲҰˡ״̬õıʦε࣬ɫҰף۽΢죬ȻѾ¹һˡ
˾ռߵĵһɢųεࡣ
ʦãóʲô˰ʡ
ε߬΢΢ǳܵ״˫Ŀͻɫڡǵɫף£ϸ쿴֮󣬷ֲ˵Ǳжԭںδ޴ӵ֪ҲͲ֪ʲô
Խ˵ɫԽѿ
һŴѪӴԺ
λʦóĽۣصһģһ
һε಻ЩΡ
ʵҲǣѳһ꣬÷ֵҲ͸÷ˡ
˻һСǰǾΪʰ˷䣬ס£ǰס֮뿪
˵ʦ㣬Ҫҹˣȥɣһ֪ж޹
ؾԶȻ£ȴ
ӰΣҪץ¡˵
εᶨ˵ǾԲΪѣͲȥ
һʦܷ׷׸͡
ҲϾôȻץܼҲǺ¡
֮ǰҲôġˮ
Ǵʦʲô취𣿡εʡ
ָϵ˵㣬˼һº˵ûУǵ뷨°ɡֻһ㣬ΣˣһҪ鴫ѶͲ
ǡ
ȵֻʣ˵ʱ򣬵ٲʡʲô㣿
Ҳȥ򿴿ȻӺΨһȫĵطôҲг֮
١֮ǰҲôġ
⻰е죬ող˵
°΢߰Һǿɲһҿǡ
ѡ֮ӡ̽ӻ֪㶼˵ʮˡ
ұǣ
ãѡ֮ӣ۾ȥɡ
ҡҡͷ˵ʦ֣Ͼʦڴ˴ΣˣҲҪ֡
ܿҹˣڷһϣڶˬĳţ㿴ʦʦһɫ
ҲҪʣ򸣾Է˵͵
һ׼˸įûиܵ˿æһϡ
ε಻˵Ȼûջ񣬵ûаճǵŬûа׷ѣ
ܿ죬Ǿ֪Զûô򵥣Ϊһ磬кüճˡ
ǸϵʱǱѱж
ʬϸŰײɢðѪȾǿײ
Ӷıۣǹζꡣ
̾ϢʦɷҪȥ򣬲ҵͬУ
аͷȥʰʰʱ
һϲӦʡ
Ҫȥ򣿣ʦʡ
ȥĵȥʲôﲻ
εࡰʦʱֻű𣿡
ʦ㲻űŽиʦ˵ҪҪǽš
εࡰ
ǻظʱظſڿһŵ۵ꡣ
ʮģƺҪǿֱˤĽűߡ
ĵĿһۣʦʦǳͨĽظ
ˣĺɽֻԻûʲô汾µʿΪϱҲһԣֲû³ǺܿҪͷˣ
һ۵ٲȴͷ
ֽ½õޣϾǵ֪ĵʿǿɹƭţϵ汾µʵ̫ˡĵʿ²ܸɣһѣίʵš
ʮ꣬ڴ󻰣ȡǣ
˵Ļͦĵģſڣ˵ôСô;ЩɹƭأʿǱ˰ܻġ
£ȴ˵ǿɹƭ겻мһˡ
ܺұȣʦ֣
ٺܸӣ̸͵ǽŵĴʦ㣬ʮ꣬ʷĴʦ㡣Сӣǵ۵һǴʦǰɡ
ʦʲô˳ɽа۹ʷĹ
ʲôɽаۣûЦݵˡֱԣа۳㻹бĵ𣿡
ȴƱʹһ㣬ŭȻаûˣҲʿ๵ģ
˵úаƵġЦһ󣬱Ƶʧǰ
ظſڳ£޿̣ĵ۰ӳ֡
ûнϣܿ㵽ʱߣƵǰ
ԽԽܸоһŨصɷ
ĪĲ
̽ͷ΢Щ벻򣬴ǻ⣬ԱٲʦͬУʦҼҾ찲ȫ
ȻҲ׼ģ֮⣬ʿܵóûʲôƸʿҲǰӵġ
һ˻ĳķ򿿽ԶԶľͿһ鱻ĥľʯԿš֡
̧ͷ˿ԭյ죬̤ƬʱѾװ
죬򣡡˵
Ӧһһޣ˻һ
ʹȻסǿнͣ¡
Ҫȥ
ָָʯԱߣһƺɫǷڰأҪѵİպʬڴˡ
лҪ˵ллСɰ46980308׺ӪҺ|?


3 
֮ͣȻǿʯȥ
һһĿǹɷԽŨңͬʱĸ֪ɷԴа
ԩ꣬ӵǵصĶһͼ̤ˣǷ׷׳˹
Ļɲ֮ú̹ǣԩ塣̫࣬ʹòԶ˼ֻܿһźɫ
죬ô˻ȥʿ۾һ˵
ԶԣȥͰȫˣ
ȫɿĴǰʻȥܿͽҲټ
Ͼ˼ЩҲֻۡ
ЩаԩУǸĸ֪ǵʹ
Ϣĸоĺ١Ǿ޴ʹҪʧȥǣֻ
ڵأ˫۸֪ʹ
˵ΪǵһԱɡ
ҪǸٵ
Ҫ
ܲģǽӰΣ
ɱ

һĺһŻɫķ򵥴ֱϡ
а壬ЩŤҲ֮ʧˡ
ŷڣŵ۵а۹δüʹͳ
һ̤򣬱Ĳһء
ʱǰ߿ѤõĲϼƵϦȾ˰գⷽС¾á
һĺ󱳣Ϊˡ棬ոһʱͻˡ
ðİ㿪֣ѶͷŵĻƷϡ
ŶʹĿڣϢĸоҴڡ
ͷװһĵģظлһ
Ҫ㣬Ҿ֪ˡĵ˵Ҳ֪Ҫġ
ࣿʲôࣿЦֻ֪ôԩӿڣ̼ᱬҼʱϵѺʬڣ

ǲѡ֮ӵġ

ôһҲˣҪݵϢȵȥһЩԩꡣ
ҪŪЩаеġ١һλ٣ƾֵĹؼ
þͽһҿջ̧˽ȥǰͷ˵Сһ䷿
λ͹٣ʮһȽǮסꡣСˣͳôϵСϵÿһˣȻףʱڣȻúһʡ
ԱߺϾĿţЩҲסɬֻ˵ϷͨķͿˡ
קŵİɫɰһʮƱһϷ
˼ϷһһҪͨ
üͷһ塰סͨ
˵ţHһ°Ʊսɰתˡ
СĿתЦλӣǿջǱˣһһ
üͷһ塰סǣ
һ˦ۿӣ׷˳ȥ
ɫİһ̨ϣԡ붨
һһذԶСʳΪ죬ȥסǣ˶ӡ
һ߳һʡʮ˵;ͣһôήˣ
ۣ˵˭ήˣ붨֮֮ʲôȲϵġ

ΪǮôףʮӶûе

Ĭһ£˵סһ
Ŀ⿴ȥͼһ겻СкվڲԶĺͬڣĬĿǡ
õģ˺ۣͷϵ˿ڻѪ˫Ŀ񣬿Ǳ
һذӣ֣ʾ
СкȴһȻײײʧǰ
Լİӣæһڲ˵ҵİӽӼСƨ
Ǻҡ
пһ֮±۾ʼ붨
һߣԽֵĽŲͣԿšֵľʯǰ
ǰڶߵĹƻд棬аȡӻıû˱ѹƣӵо޴
Сʮ꣬˿ֻ֪ǿ
ЩаֻΪ˴ѹƣҲ޷ˡ
衣
´˵
ھʯǰ
һ˫С˳ʪ֮ϣ֪²ŵľ޴
Ѫ˳ָںɫ֮УȾĺɫ
ʱУٳһɢŵ׹ķ¡
ǵĹâӳճ˫һƬڣɲУԨ
۾ɢŹâĶ
һӨ׵ɢ޾
ָѪȾӨס
ǿɲǼâʢе޼ɵĳֱ³һѪ
ǿų
ԣ
ס
Ψһϣ
ܵԩûѹƣų򣬻ôһֻԩ꣬ǳ
ǣȴܸܵΣգסǿ񣬿ʼƴıܡ
Ҳ֪˶ã֧һͷԵʬ֮С
ŽʶԼһͷԽС
һ
ʧȥʶǰ룬Ҳͦõģٲõʬͷ˱˲ϯһȥι
ͦá
ʱ
붨״̬ٿ۾
վīա
˯
˸Ƿûﰡ˯㶼ң
㿴졣
۾˵ڵġ
ǵġ
ʱ±һǣ͸һ˿ֻʣһƬļµڡ
ԭ˯ʵȻ˾ˣ
Щ֪ԭ򱻵ԩ꣬˿һԵĳ˽
ҲܵǵصԹһץһС
ԵʮּЦĿһۡ
㲻׼֣ҳɽаʱ̣ˣ

˵һûһȻ΢졣
۾һ
ʦŷ͸ˣʹб
ͽˡһ仰֮Ӱ磬һԭʧ
ܹ֪Դ⣬ĺɫ֮Уһ⡣
ԽߣϵԽ࣬ͣһƬС
ָϵֹס
üǰһƬѪȵǽ塣
ʲôܲһʬ棿
ˣٶҲ÷һ
ţŻݱýʲűĿȫǵʬ壬ϸ쿴
Щ״ҵʬЩų⣬ƺܸܵΧŵĹڳС
ȥʱ򣬽űߴ΢춯ţذ׵ȹںȻ䱻ĳ˳
ŲסͷקԼȹһֻС֡
Ǹˡ
۶һѪӡȹڣЩõͬʱǰȥ
ذ׵֣סֻ֡


4 
סԼֵֻ֣ȣ뿪
Ҳ֪ԼȻץסֻ֡
ץסġΨһϣ
ʵҲûôͬķģȻץס;һȣҲûʲô˵ġ
Ͱ˳ΪŪ彣
ٳ֮ϳǲǰǸСӡ
Ϊֱץţܹ֪ͨһǿ޼ɵƻ塣
һЩº͵ڣǹ궯ƻ
ɫÿ˲٣ڵ̧ͷգҲգĿ
ںڵʪģС
Сֿɰ
㻳ﴧ˸ʲô֮ɫۿɼĺһЩ㽫ִ˳
һ䱸Ŀ
룬ҪҪųȡһ֮ء¹һ񣬸ɱ˶ᱦ
İɫһǣȻǰƽӡ
ţһǣ㻳Ķҡ¶һĨƵЦݣⲻ֪۵УСѵĹֽ㡣
˼ת˲֮תǧشԺԹ
ҲЦ¶׵ݣԼ˫յһԾѡ
ſɰ޺
ã㡣˵ţһֱڻǿ鷺Өݸ
ȻȻĽӹ
ȷǺƯһв½ȱһ飬ܸ̲ܵ޾δ֪
־ͽ鸮֮У׼ǽϸо
߬ǿǣЩŵĿͿתߣûٶ࿴һۡ
ĸһ
׷ȥһץס֡
˵㣬Һ¡
СƵʪĺĿ·κһŮԶΪ֮
Ŀ֣ԱһӸµĿ
С㼸ˣ
ʮꡣ
ʮ갡СˣǸСӺˣڽŶ

һָͷǰһ
ߣ̽̽·
ˣƺǺͬĻЦݹɡãұ㣬Ҹ̽·
İȥɡСŪİ£һ
Сƨ·һѪӡߡ
̧ţһһĳԩ껷ȥ
Ϊͷ壬ԩɵ뿪֮ʱԩ޼ɵĳ˹
Σյĸ֪ޱıʹתܣȴһһǰС
ˡ
ڶģЩڼʦʿɥ
ԩ곯£ҪΪԼЩʧȥǵԩ˺֮ʱһӰǰ
СӺܴ󰡣һ̧ݱǰ
һĽ˳ʹЩצԩ޴ӶΣĴɢ
һ㶼ǰλŮʿǿ֪⽣Щ˿ɲԩꡣ
׷ǿ
īһĺ׽Ⱦӵвƺͯš
һ½Ҳԩ긽˽ˣֱͷ
ߡ
һ·ͨռݣԩ굨
ԶԶĳȥΪԼܿһƬԩռݵĵϵġʧģֻһȦĽɫâ
һȻϣЩԩ껷ڽ֮⣬޷
ԣЩԩڸܵ˿ʱʱһԵĳ˹
üγ˻ݱǿĽΪʵʣֱɢǰ·ԩ꣬ô˻ᣬԩ꣬ת˲֮µִ
ⵢһЩʱ䣬û뵽һƬڣܲȴն¾á
մ۸֪һӻĽԴȻ֡
֣ʡôˣ
ָָǵͷ
ɻ̧ͷĿ΢΢ס
ͷգȴ֮⣬ϷһŻɫķ䣬ɢŽɫĹâӻС


û뵽ˢӡ
˵ܲٲܲپ͵ڵɿ˱汾ˣ۳ҵУ
ˣЩԩ꣬ǹ
ʿȣٺò
˵˵ɣô£øĳƨֱʵ
ǽ涨ʱ佫Ӻ֮ƽϢʱ仹Ĵ档
Ҳûϻ
ȻʷĹһ˵̫СҪİ
˵ҹָʾ뿪֮ЩԩѾ򣬿ʼˡ
Щ˯еİգ׵֮ʧȥûɲ֮һš
Ǳʱ֣Ӻݵĵһ˼˵Щĭɡ
ԽЩԩ꣬ͬʱԼѪ»һ֮ϣΪɫϡ
ˣβ˵治
ǿɲаû˻ñҺáƨһ֮ǿаѻʲô
С񱦱ЦСںڵͷ
ӲͷƤûж㿪ܹܵͷֻذϸ֣ů
ΣȻҰӵǸ
ԼʹɿĻһĨĹ⡣
ĺܹиĻġ
ͷ۵ĿŶˡҲ
ҺţϵȣܻΪһ̸
ͻǿķΣ֮ô
Ҳܣ϶򲻹ҡŻݱķһ
˳ĬС
Ŵһ޸֮Сƨ׾ٵĴԽɲԩ½ֻԻͽʿ
򲻹ϾسǳǺͽ޴ܡ
ο⻹ǽŵĴʦ㡣
ҪôҪҰȽ򡭡һ֮תƻ⡰ʲôˣ
ܡ
Сƨ˵
һ
ɵĳĬš
͵һۡ
ƺŵˣеɻʮֳܵ˵ңֻĻ
ҾͿһۣôͺ۸һСˣ

ˣҲСˡȻ˵ҸŵĵطȻһ£ԩˡ
ˣͷЩ˵ŵĵطߡ
˵ţʹǰߴ·
֮ŲסС㻹ʲô
ƺˡ㣬ңûеطȥ
㸸ĸأأ
ҸĸҲã뿪Һܾˣûмҡʵ˵
ϵĸĸѧʱԼĶ֮󣬶Ƕ
֪Ӥǳ̬۸ллˡ
飬жΪвЩ飬פļֻޡ
ļȥͬģͬޡ
ĬƬ̣Ȼ̧̧֣ҡҡǽ㣬ټ
Ķյ»һֱϣȫݺύ˺ۡ
ܿͽִһ˫ڵġʪӶĿ峺ǳޡ
ʯĳֿǿ󣬵
˰ﵽףȴ߰ɡŲԶ֣ʾ
ִֵĿллĺ⣬ƺҸǡ
͸ϰԼü˵
ˣϺܿЦݣһԾʢŶںͯ档


5 
ĽŲһ·ߣɫѾֵѾˡ
ǻʱʱ̧ͷһϷŵŻƷɫȻҡ
ϳͬкݵ
Ƕݵǵʱȫ˵ܶҪ
ˣ˦˦ĵӣţԼĪ뽫һҡģʿûЯ
޵֮ԴȱΪǵıΡǫѷ
̨ǵʿǺУʲôȱΪأ
ƺλˮ֮еĵĻ׷׶ŭĿӡ
ǿɫ糣ּ
û˵ǲǶԱ
Ͻ·ߴ١
Ŷˡ
˵ĽŲͣһֺΡĽǰԣĽﱾģϷԿֵ̡̨ҶȻˡ
̨ܸǰҹˣ̨ܸңҹסͷǵģ
Ȼõ⣬Ͼǰűһ֮⣬񾹾ͷӺݸ̨
˼ûд
ŵȻϵģˣĿᵫȲС
ݵǴظ֮ǰһǰȥ
ס鷳ˡ
һӭҪǰסĵط
ƸǸ˵ȥס׼Щˮϴ׼Щʳ
Ը̬̫Ӧһ˲һַ·Ǹ̨˵ĸо
ôǸŸ̨ܿ췴ӦͷӦǡ
ƺǶİĻ̲һץסӡ
㣬ҡ
ûüԼСüԼ׵ӡǲõ˵ˣϽȥϴȻ㶪ڡ
Ϊ·һαŪ࣬ף̹ԹԵĸǸ뿪
ڸ̨סĿԺΪԺһʮֻռܴԺӡȻģȻҲǵøһסڳԺ
ȥ˶᷿׼ˮʳ뿪ˡ
װλĶֻ᷿ʣһˡ
߽ԡõľͰľͰϷ̱뵵Χ
̯֣һͰ͵ֽڻǹƤϣճ۸һӿ
ûʲôرı飬ĮȻĽֽˮУϴɾڻճǹ
˭ϲˡ
ƭŮʿ
ҲãΨһġǿϣýĸΪԼıһ·ΣСˡ
ϴԼʱҲں˵
ôʲôСƨŵġ
ҼСӣҪܣ
ô
㣬ҲҪԡ
뷴Ļݱ΢ţ·ҿ͸һգС조㻹Ҹɶ
δ֮ǰЩԩ긽󣬵õϢҲûпϾͬһսߵˣǾͼŽҪͬ˵ˡ
ˣ׹㻳̨ܸЩԩеĹ٣
Ҳܻ˭
Ҳ̫뵱Ȼˡ
Լ뷨Ųɡǲǣȥ֪ˡҾ㲻ǣҲһѲ˸ϵ
һƶСݳ޺լӣ˲ƣλ̨ܸʲôù٣
ܿ죬ڻ̨ܸ֮λ̨ܸɢĿ̴ľ֮ϣ󸹱㣬˫΢Уƺڴ
˽Ų֮һۣһ۾Ϳò绨
̨ܸǺЦھʡλݵĵ£õòø
ʦӵǽ˳˳ˮĹʮ꣬Ƣòôąܸ̃˵õۣе彣˺ڳϣˡѵһ졣
̨ܸѹæڨЦŵǸ̾Ϣ˵Щ
ЩｫӺݽ췭ظǱ٣˶಻ԡò׵˵ʦλõõٵĵطٱȻƴǡ
мС⣬ܴ˿Բߴͽ̣ԩؽӭж⡣˵
̨ܸ˶긧̨ȻǺܻץصġʦ˼ǣЩǡԩꣿ⣬Ҳδ˵ǶλŪˣ
ûŪӻ佫Լһ߶ȡΪŪЩԩˣˡ
̨ܸ֮̾಻̾Ϣԭˣһֱ˷򡣡
̾̾Ϣ٣ЩԼǲĲ´ˡϾ˵ԩ̨ܸ꣬ʲôҲĲŶԡ
ֱʵӺݸ̨ˣ
ΪֹѾʮˡ
û뵽󸹱ĸ̨˾ҲǸſʮ˸̨
֪ʮʲô£ʵֱ̫ˣֱ׵̨ܸһ㶡
ٲ֪ʦ˻⡣Ӻݸ̨ʮ꣬ʮҵҵҹ̾ʦţȥѯգǷ࣬ԩ
¿⻪װΣ˵дٲŲӡ
˾̨ܸ飬ҲеˣһܸĲﶼҶһһ׬ģʦ̬Уٱǵѹ̰֬
̨ܸʣƬ̺Թȥ˵ڶ⡰֪Ӻԩ̶̵ֱ֮£˱ټҰʱĵطδԩ֣Ϊʲô֪Ϊһ
̨ܸһȻͱòᡣ
˵ǿʼÿɣҲ׷̨ܸ
̨ܸ˵׷ʣò˵ֻǸɺϡ
̨ܸ֮Ϊм޷;ѡ̡δմȾϰϲɽˮɽˮ㣬ЩլԺ
ΪӺһֱ̫ƽʱδԩ֣ǰס
û뵽ΪӺľ
뿪˻֮˼𣿡
ôɺϵ¶Ѿ϶⡣
ȷ
ҳһȥЩȥ̽һ̽Ŀڷ硣
ֲǽŵˣʦļ
ϽǻôˣҪǻ
˰ɣʳʲôǱϡ
˵䣬ǾѾߵ˳Ժδṳ̈ԺУͿǽŲӭ


6 
СԼʰøɸɾһۣСü续ţŵǻ߳Сӡ
ʪī˿̷ϲգҲգĿ㣬
˫۾˰ΣôôСССɰˡ
СƨǺڵġ
Ҳҹİǿӻٳ
Ϊأߡ
վڳԺſڣӸµĿ˵ԵģҲһס
˵߽᷿֮
վԭأĬãЩġ
ü΢΢ʹһĹɿ컮ǰְļϡ
Сƨ㣬һ찡
ִֵݵҵģһܹԣһġ
ļ򣬰˳Ժ
һ⣬ʵشңҾͰ˵û
µҪʲô
Ȼһ˵ʲô⣬ʲô
Ȼԭˡ
˰
û˵Ķ⶯˶һƳԼһĨɫ
һ롰ң㴫ΪͽΣ
һûмҵĺѾõĳ·ˣаҲȱӡ
Ǽ˱̬ɶ˵ģɡһᷢı
ĸееıᷢ⣿
˵ϸЩ
ıˡ
ôʦ㲻𣿡
ҡҡͷֻϽ㡣
ЦȻ⴫ûʿСƨʦ㡣ҾǸƵۣĻƭСӰΪʦأ
Ƶۣ˵ŭɶ㾹ʦţ
ŵŵĵҶӡΨаۣδš˵ʵˣ裿
ָһ㣬죬˵һóԴ
ĿԴ
˼֮˵ҷûˮȥǸյˮҪԡ
ֲʦܣƾʲôҡ
Ը¡㣬ȥ
ȥȥˣ㿴һ۱
ɽ
ȵ뿪ˣȲʡ㣬Ը𣿡
ǽŵͽҲ쿪ʼˣ츳ǽţȻ
Ҷˣ㣬һŬġ˵űЦˣɵľԳͯ档
Ȼʡղſˣ
㶣ãȻĵͷ
ҵǿ˲˵ЩԵĻء˵ţ˲䷢ʣЩͱˡ޼ҿɹ飬Ըһ֮Ϊʲô
Ǻһ֮˵֮뵽ǽңҲܳ㣬Ծסˣûȫݵ
ţǲͰǿ鶼Σϲֲĸо
Сƨ۾Сֶ֮һϲĵطˡ
Уˡţ˵ǽŵͽῪʼ֮ǰػǽţʱ㡣ܲܳΪǽŵĵӣͿˡ
ϲĵ˵ͷ
棬ȡΡ
ܿ죬ԡˮˣسŵǿ֮󣬾ȥԡ¡
Լʰ޸ɾһŽƵİۣںڵĳ¶౥Ķͷ
ӣʩ죬޶ˡ
Ժǿڳ˼ԺʯϣֳɰʣһŻƷϹա
ǹû
˵Сƨ֣ͦͽŷҵʦ
ռұˣҪʦܣ㷴ͽܣ
ͽܣίˣ
㲻ʦǧ֮һ
Ҳǣ̲ͽܡ
˵㿴ôãʲôˣ
ǿ񡣱ȱһѷٺʲ
˻ֱַߵʯϡ
ĿȻȻĿ˹ȥǰ죬ǵİ׹ԺԲơ
㣬񣬳һ顣ϸϸĴƬ̣˵
㶡飿
ǡָһǿ񣬵εһųͣס˶ָͣǿĲԶ˵㿴⴦һҳһҳֽţ
ҶˡȻ򣬽Ǳ
ͬʱ׼οġ
һֱַֻǱ࣬ҧʹ
ڸﰡˡ
Ҳе¡㣬İɡ
ûü˵꣬ͿƸɫͬʱǿϾҲ롣


ţ
һһ飬̶Ⱥܴ󣬱֮ҳ˺ܶϸСѷ졣
һ鶥õ񣬾ôˡ
û뵽ЩҲסͬʱ㣬鰡
Ĭһ룬ϴ㣬Բ𡣡
ţû¡
ȡֵĹ˦òǴ˵е˦ɡ
ٶ࿴òеһۣޱĽкս鸮֮С
ɵ˲Ҫ̫̫ϧҵķſϷ뷨䲻Ŀ
ŲҰɷ
һȭʦ㣬ǲ¸ǣ
ȥģ
ΪϱҪ񡣡˵ţڳԺ֮ǰŲ΢΢סƫͷ˵㻹Ҫԩ긽ķʽѯʣȰ㻹ŵ㣬ɲġ
ĵġšһѾЩԩ֮ȥĶˡ
ǵĶ˼üۣĿвϵĵǡ
˵Ŀ֪ʮ񣬿ȥʡСһ֪ʲôء
ӤԺֻһģӰ֪֡
û˸ȡ֡ǶԷ޸֣֮ʱҲԭĶӡ
ԣҡͷ
û֡
۾СҸְ
ð
ʦʦǶС壬ҸͬָڱʯϡСߣô
¶ĿΪʲôС
ôΪʲôЦ˵СߣҵΪҵʦŶ͡
ϸݵָļ򣬹Եĵ˵㡣
΢Цá
ˣԼȥɡڰ֣ץʱϣȻ
Ѿתߣԥһ£Ȼǰקסӡ
Ųסͷʲô
ͷһ˫ʪĺ˸ϵĵǡ㣬Ҫ𣿡
šҪѯһЩ¡
ȴǵԸȻ𣿡
Сƨѳ˵ͦá
͵ǻԹɵԩ꣬ԩ˽⵽ľôʩӦ֮ǽǵ÷ʽ
ԩ겻ͬһĹԹôоĻᣬΨ˽࣬Թһݡ
㲻գ룬һ֪꾿ʲôʮֿ˵


7 
治һָͷСƨ治֪µˡ
ϴԼеΨһ۵㣬˵ڹƻȥǿó֮ǰǾһиͬܡ
ֿòˡܹʱץסĳһص㡰Ŷ˵ǿ鲢Ը
ǡҲȷ־ᶨ޷ֿǡнڣңҲ򡣡
˵ð٣Ψһ۵ϴ׵úܳɹ
صСƨ컹ͦ
ܳһףºҿˣҲˣҲһס˵˵㶼֪Щʲô
һ׮ʮǰľ󰸣֪һ׮ԩ
̨ܸΨһĹȽмǸӣҲע޷;ֻѡ˴̡
ʮǰһػҪΪУԭ˵ŵңΪ
ãƺʩĴˣȻǿơ
ˡ
ڶݵĳĬ߻һԩǿаŵҵͷϣ𰸼ĵطٵõİʾѹ
İЩţڵڶһһжչˣΨһӳһˣⳡүη**ظһȥ
ɵǸˣһ˶ûӳ
ͷǣΪǶжˣ˵һʧȥǡʹֵĶҩ
ôԩ긽֢״Խˡ
ǣǿеĹ̨ܸǵǸԩĹԱ
Ϊųܸ̂ʾ£ǸԱ˵֮ʡ㣬֪ǿأ𣿡
룬Ȼָָµء
סҸ֮鱦ر㱻ˡ
˼֮϶˲ٵֽţʹ鱦ֹţʽ
Եͼ۹أԡ߼ۡ˵ʿаһլԺƽض
˵֮¶ǡôķ㣬ҴδϾȻˣ
ǻõӦġһգݱС
ɴתıӰ̾档ʲôģҪҪһǧĻ
һж޹أЩĿģҲֻһðˡ
δṳ̈ԺͿƵĻƻˡ˿ɫʲź֪ķ־ȻѾˡ
Ҫȥ˭
ʡȥǸĸε˵ʲôˣ
ܹǸˣôĸأ˵ţͽ֪ģ˵
һ뷽˵ĽȻͬȴеİ汾
һСߣ˵
ĽŶ˵Ļֳ˵һ顣
˺ܼܣѵǵʶ֮û𣡡
Ȼأ۾ŵװ˰ɡ
˵Ϊ˴ףһ㶼ûӵܵģ
ʦֽҵģʲôҾ˵ʲô
ָԼӢΪɷǣ˵Ҵף۾ųŵװˣ
СƵΪǴŻ˵ľɷǣ
Ӣ˴ëõ㶼ëˡ˻ä߰

ûУֻ˵©˶ѡ
һ߿ǳܣ̶̵һʱҲ֪ǳ˶ٴˡ
һݱǰ˵˷ʱ䣡Ҫˡ
ܹӵǸõˣ˵ˡ
Ұﵽ⣬֪Ǹʲôˡıѹû֮Ӻݸԩһӵϣ⻢
뺦ûҪ
ƫͷһһȥˡ
Ĭ
ȷЩԩɱԹɢ̳ǵļ䣬ΪǵһӡǲܽӺݽᱻǵصԹռݣΪԩܵ˼
װףԻᱣɡ׼Щԩˡ
գ˽һоͽ䶨
ͷӦˡ
ţµЧʣŶ̶ʱ䣬ӺݳһѾӭж⡣
ȻٲӢΪɷǵʷϵһİ
Ȼ˵ݵȥŽЩ
ֵأֵõСƨȥǣ
ݵôˣΪλܹǸˣ˵αװҺ½㱻ƭ¡
Ǳöࡣ˵ţó˼ŻƷֻҪ󳬶Щԩ꣬û취ȥȻģԼȥ
ˣǺʵġǿʵܹһıΡ
Ȼδʦ㣬ôⱣĻƷȥʶʶҲá
һߣмõʹ֮׾ٵľҵԺӣϵģԺһ˶ûС
ǵ·ʱе˱˵ӲϲԺвˣֻѾ߶ʱǰɨû⡣
С˼ɣֱһ߿ţ㿴һ°ɫ۵Ĺƾ
ϡܹﵹӳŵ£Բ԰׵
ǳƤ࣬һɽˮĹӡ
Ŷ죬ƫͷ۾»ĹԣŶҹϡ
ޱ飬Ϊ䡰Ҵȥˡ
ΪмĽŲ
ûеƣֻдӴ͸¹װεüԼµķ䡣
£ȫΨһɫʱһɫӣһԲĵǰ壬ɢŵİ׹⡣
Īľǿ죬ҲЩʱ
վǰԶʲô
ú˵ֱȥҪץ뿪ǰ⡣
ķӦܿ죬һסϴŹ߳ЦݡҴӲ˽Թ֮Ƿʲô᣿ţ
ͳβƺ˵˵
ţӣ˦֣ȻݱĲ
ĽʽȵƤϡ
΢΢ϺƵЦһһĵ
̼ǵòǰһλʿﻰĶĻ״򷢣ϾǸˣ񲻾úһλŮʿԴȲŮӶὣ
ȻˣҲٺϻˡ
㷢ŵİ㷢΢Ĳ

ģˡ
ڵȵˡ
ٷ˸̨ԩ껷ŵ⡣


8 
ڶԩڼһɲǼ䣬һĬžǷһĳ˹
ƫͷܿ˿ǿһˡ
ܺá
ĻݱǰЩźԩ꣬Ȼȷ˵һжġ
ˡ
䣬ǵصԩֱֱĳȥеǳеˣб޹ʧˡ
˺ۿţȵǱ𣬾ֵȥˡ
ȻЩԩܿҲǺ˵ɡһ󲿷ֵڱԩɱ֮Ϊǵһӣȥʼɱˣ˶ѭ
ԶԶĿ桭
ȻѾϤǸˣСﵱΪЩԩܹ
ǻˣûƣô˼ˣ
㲻֪ЩԩԹ㡪ǿԱΪõİ
ϱһźţЩԭӿԩ꣬Ȼת˲֮ת򣬳˹ȥ
û뵽޸֮Ȼһ֡
γݱĽǰһƬԩꡣ
ǵغɱԩ˷ʱ䣬Ŀ꣬
ȻЩԩѾΪʹĹߣô
ҵĶ֣Ӧ㣡԰գٽ˹ȥ
ܵԩ껹ҪݵļǰȴһǿĽӿǶá
Чˡ
Ķͦ졣
ԿšֵľʯߣԶ򶷵ȥԽԽԶۿžҪʧǰæһҪǰɱԹſɾɢȥ
ȴõĻƷָҲɫԴԴϵĳͣȥ
Ҳò
˵ʮʮĵУ֮˵ʮʮʱⲻָһӼ䣬㲻ʲô츳ѣʱռϷ硣
ڽֵĹУһֱϵ֣ûмġ
Ľذ׵Ƿ֮䣬ֱɱС
С
ܵԼĲࡣ
Ϊ֮ƣҲֻһʽˡ
ö壬ӿ룬ҪȡеöһųҲ˲ôˡ
ңֻһöСС壬ԼԦ
֮ʱΪʲôˡ
ݱؽʣһӣһƮǰ
õ飬۾
һֱҵ飬ˣ
û뵽ǣԭѾǿ壬ܵٻƵģģƮŵ˹ȥ
ڽӴһ˲䣬סһ½ǣΪԵʣǰܣҲһԵķ϶
Σȱʧһ֣ˡ
ĿתĶǸһʰüôһȦòΪ
֪ʿʲôĿȡұسҳƬʮࡣҵô꣬½δҡ
ڴȻֹ
΢΢ƫͷʲô
û˵һźվǷŰ׹˹ȥ
ݱ˽ͼ׹𣬾޴ųһҽУţߵķһ˳ȥ³һѪ


˻֣ǿ㱻ս鸮֮УȻߵǰ
ĽָĿڣӸµĿô
Ҵ¶״̬ôҲ벻ף龹Ȼųݷ̶꣬꣬ѵ֮һˣ
ûԵĻ˵˵ļƻʱ˵ȵ㡣֪ûбϵô򵥣Żδ׻˵ȻҲٻ˵ѣΪ˵ѣұ㿳ȡмô꣬Ӧòмɣ
ߡʹνһ
˵Ҫȣɫڱˡ
ұسһʼֻ֪ߣѰ޹ҲһЩҡûáԣҲ߻һԩ
߻ⳡԩ֮ȴɳʿԹ֮⣬Ҳûв֣ʱһȣʮꡣ
ڵȵġҡȴһ񣬷·ʮЦ
һŵȷͦϧģϾЩԩ֪νھʯ֮£Ҳʱ˺ռ
ૡ֪⣬ȴһֱҲ龿ںδ
ҡ
ôҲҲȻһСƨٳˣ˵ҲǿЦ
մʱһĨǰףŻݱû˾ء
ȥɡ
䣬ݱĿڣɴ䣬˿ˮ
û뵽Ȼĥߴˣ۾ŵĿ
Ȼĵȥ
γᴩĿڵĻݱתķȥ
ԩ궼ѾˣӺ֮Ҳڽˡ
ûпתһɲǣٿ۾
ڳˣλҲ࣬һôҲֻˣҪ
һѺɫУţ˱ݺݵؽǰдĿڣ
űԵģᴩࡣ
ڴһ̣ûά̫е̬ǻһźƻ塣
סѪֹĿڣٿתͼЦſ
ԭºŵĹӣһ˲仯ޡ
㡪Ȼŭʧ֣ȴˡ
Ҳû룬˵壬ֳֻݱҪԴȥ
Ŀˣǲ֪ǺεĺҲίʵԵһδüȥȥ
ȾѪϣŪذ׵ĳȹ
һ
ֱеʿöˣȣ̫Щ
ǿվֱӣҪ
ڴ֮һƷ
룬ҪҪ
ϾѾ֪ǽŻͽһȥʦ·;ңԶ
ңϲ飬Ҳر䲻ɱ˶ᱦȴܼ©
һ򲽽ڡҲʧΪĳ·֮һ
ԣ
ͨйؽڣİõһɱġ
ʯͷҪԴҵһ̣һӰϢ£еǿʯͷҲ֮ĩ
Ϊˣһܣ˵ݺһ
㣡


9 
˳֣˺Զڴ֮ĬĿŲԶ
ǸȻһϮۣ˿նĿǰϱҫĽɫơ
ǽŵ
΢ۣҪǸǸ˵ݣΪʵǹԶУֻա
Ҳûǿ󣬶Ǹסⱻ֡
Ǳߣվֱӣǰ˲ߣΪȵԵʣƺʼհһͷ
вʣ֪Լ˿Ҫ˵ѾˣŮ޵鸮֮Уɱǵģ
˲ĿһۻǱüͷ΢塣
ûȥشĻ˵ʮˡ
һ㣬ƫ䣬͸޾䵭롣
һжΪˡ
ַ·ɣ˵Ƕ
˴ƺһĨȡ
ȷϣ
ǣѪֹ˿ڣߴ١찡
ǳƺһ̾ͻ᳹ʧȥ
˵ĿԶĿƺһĨţ¿Ѿˡ
ϵıһĿⲻĿˡ
΢΢̧֣ɲǼǿʯͷһɻңһʬ嶼û¡
ɴ䡣
ףԼ˵С
ԶԶĿţͫ΢˵Σա
Ϊ̫ԶֻԼֱǶ̸ǡ顱
ԣҪɱ鸮ȡ
˰ǰһִֻʣӵϴ
ĻУ΢
С塣ںһ
Ǳߵ˸򣬿ԶüһѪ롣
ƺûһ
̧֣ĸһƫɫ˵Ŀڡ
鸮λ˵ദ
ɫۿɼٶȲҰף΢Ĳ
˵˵ֻȡ飬һģС塣
ڴϣ侲룬Ů޴Ҫˡ
һ̣ĿںȻһĿİ׹⣬ķƫҵ
˵ĿгһĨ㵡
ų
ֻų
ΪմȾǸطϢ
ǿȡȻʦõҲգʦ
Ψһ֪Ҳˡ
ӻһ׵Ĵƿ浹һöҩĵҩ°ͣι
СʦõķϡСţιҩֹ֮ѪȻļڴԡ
һУ˻˻֣һɫĴƾճ̤֡ڣת˲ʧˡ
ȥҴҡ
ֵһ̵߽
ſôã֪Ǹ˶ΪɣԼոٳʱҲͬų⡣
Щ׼Ϊʲô
ĪֻŮӣ
Ӧòǣ̫Щ
Ա߶£ָ̽̽ıϢ΢ȴǿ
ˡ
Ͳˡ
˳Ŷµߣָĵ˵ݱ׷Ľһ졣
ȵЩȤ
Ҳ֪˶ãԭڴԺǳŮӺȻ˵Ŀڿ
ЩãȻһ˫Ư۾вдЩδüȥʹࡣ
룬Ŀôʹûǰ˸ˡ
ɬĴ꣬ܵ˿ǻһŨҩ㡣
δĵҩζЩ壬Ҳ֪ǲʲôҩݡ
㣿Դɵ˾ϲˣ
ӦЩٶۣŷԱ߻˸Сƨ
ѯʷʲô
ûпʱѾˡĿīʪģСҿ϶ѪΪѲˡ
һֱСƨҲ˵øУڰ㲻
ǾͺãĺܵĽ㡣
ЦЦЩ˵һ£ǻˡ
Ҳ֪ʱ򳬶ЩԩûУеΪȻûпʬ壬˵û
ôˣɽͷһôһͷ
´ɱĿˣֱӰͷͲţ˶һ
ˣСֱۣҪվ
Ķ̸첲ȣһĪľЩϲС
̿ȻҲûȥݳ֣Լʹûݱŵվˡ
㲻ҷ𣿡ֻڰС
ϸ֣˸ƣЦ˵ҸҰɣСƨʱһԵˡ

µջ֣Ȼ󲻶ɫ߿˿Ȼɥķ֣û
Сƨƺܵ˴һԴŵǸֻͰ͵Сˡ
򴽣Цˡ
˺ܿߵ⡣
ȻǾһսһƬǽ壬ʮֲʵϢƺԹĲ
Կšֵľʯ붨
ɫܲ԰ףȻ״̬Ǻܺá
ΧɨһȦûи֪ԩټЩɻ
֡
ƣ۾ﳰĻûü˵ڣͿ϶ѪԵʮǱ
üôŪˣ
ôŪˣ֪ǲöˣȻǺúõôڳôɱŪˣ
Ϊ㰡֤޴󰭣ĻҲû֮ǰɱԩ귴ˣĸ̨С
ɴ֮ǰɱԹɢ룬Ҳܹ󣬳׽Щԩ곬ȡ
ΪϵʱЩˣĿڵŲòһͬʱ붨
Ȼ˵ΪٷְҪʵС
ˣ˵ˡ˵˵ɣô⸱ˣ
ûɱЩɱʵ̫ˣڲ֪Ϊˣͺǵ˵㿴Ӱˣˣô
ɵĶôûô򵥡򲻹
һţˡǿ
Сƨ˵
ãȻҡҡͷһʲô֪¶ģ
ʲʲôͿʼ١ұΪʵʮ⡣û뵽û뵽
öеĻݱƺһ٣Ϊ̫ǣ˿ڣ΢΢üͷ
˵۰ɡ
һô
ͷڡȽ˹Ҳðһ¡
û˵̧ȥߵýģһ̲һ̲ѪΪء
̧Ÿ
״Ҳ˽ȥ
һ⾰
ĽﱻЩ޼ɵԩ˲٣˵ӿܿͱԩѳӺ̫ƽϲѶˢɾ
ˣ˿̶Ծˮֳ˼𾴡
ϾλΣǳһ󻼡
ʦкδۺҪΪĵ۶
ʿ֮ãЦеͬǽܳɽаۡ
Ȼʱһۣسɽа۱Ȼ롣
һ䡰û桱ʹһֱŸ̨ȥ
˿ĴŽٺϲą̃ǰ
ԭմ󲿷ԩ븧̨Уˣи̨˵У̨ܸǾʧ
ټĸ̨˵ֻʣһС˵С̨ܸӣƽʱǧ谮
ʱСȴʧˡ
Ҳ֪ܵȥˡ
ڲڶ˵
Σ⸧̨ǲܴˣֻ˾ͽĿջֳɹסջϷ
һͭ嶼û֡
ǵʿҲֻʣһôˡ
ڽ뷿֮ǰǵСĿȻϣϳŲŵĵɴ۾ʡʦôһ𣿣
˶㣬ƺЩ¡
ôˣ
СĿ˵ˣܲʷ
ϵѹ·˵ϵܡǰħԨ֮ӡ󣬱дʦԤԣħĻתӺϡ
λӺϡ
Сָ۴ġ޸ĸ֮ûӭɱĸӡ
ʱꡭ񶾵ĺӣȻħĻ
ΪȻôһСӶһ㣬ħת𣿡
СҶ˵
һ񶾵ġ׵СעĶСƨжѣ֪
ûϣСҪˮ󣬾ʹѳĬϳȥ
ʹͷƵġ㣬û˺
һۣ˵ȳȥ
ֹȻίί뿪ˡ
ʵûŵСĻϾҥԱġ
ˮܿ͵ˣҲϵ˿մˮ򵥴ֱĽϵѪϴɾڴϡ
ףűǰݵ÷׵˿ڣ̲סһ
ʹ
һߺʹһߴ鸮ҩ࣬Ĩ˿֮ϣȻȡһѶȶ˿ںͷ󺹡
ŻһŻһոµĽưۡ
һմ붨žͱˡ
Ʈʦôţιȥ˰ɣ
㡣Ҳţһ
뿪ţһѵܿ췴ӦǴѶͲˡ
ʦǱ鷳ˡ


10 
ѵĴѶͲģ߹ȥšһưۣ𣬺ɫ纷дԺ󣬳ȴɫЩ԰⣬˿˵ļ
ţʦ㻹Ҫǿ
ôǡսѡе˿ڶҸ˵㱾ŶĽҩ
ءĵǵЩ١ҪˡСߣߡ
û뵽ôͻȻ𣿡
ͷ
̲סڡŸոհ˿ڣôżʲô
Ųס룬ȻʮֳϿҵʡҪһ𣿡
Ǳĳʲô£˵ó֮Ȱȥ˵
ûܹЩ⣬룬˵аɣôҪķϡ
׼һѻûüӵĳƪۣݲȵĵ˵ͷ
СߣԸߣվԭأƺʲôģҲУҪǽˣ㡣
عû뵽ôͻȻҪ뿪Ҳû뵽ûǵСĻ
ڴ˴ûзֺᣬ˵ǲ׵¡
Ҹߡ
ߣȥӭġոµδ
˺ܿɹʶһûߣֱѡء
ûн
ܲԼı彣ǵһָ֦Ҿǲ֦ϷɣҲ죡ϡòСƽ
Цҵʿģɨ㡭ŶǣǷϷɵءв֦
֦ϣ˫ָעָϵ֦֦ȥֻǲһ֦ϳ롣
ЩΣһЦһ߱˻ݱޱĲȥ
վڻݱϣ֣Цɡ
֣ϸףȾ˳
Ҳȥס
ܹܵĵ¶ȣȻͬǷů¶ȣܿĵֻ
֣֮صķȥ
̫ƺڲԶϵķ쪣ЩȣַһѣͿܿסӡ
ϸȥͿСƨ͵͵ס䡣
֪Լסֻ֡
չֻ֣ůд档
ƺǸܺõĽ㡣
Уõˡ
ؾ㲻ԶһĹ˱ִ
޷ʦֵȡϵֻ˶ΣʦԪΩѯ
ǲڣھʮһƬ֮С
ϵʱվһǰ˵ӣѾһˡ
ô£ʡ
ԪΩʦʦŵģ˿岻ݴǵĻشǳһʼΪ׷Ӻ֮ҾǺ;Ƭ֣Ϣ
ͳԭƬ֣ҵһĶѨ
һȥڣȴһ񣬳ʱ򣬾ͷֵٲˡǱΪΪʱ䣬Ȱȣһֱȵ죬ٶûг
ǽȥЩûѨ׳죬ûҵٵټ˴ѶͲϵҲûá
֮£ֻ˴ĴѶͲæ
ƳǶߣԼںڵķҽȥңš
ȻƸεࡣ
εüʦ㣬֮ˣչһСޣ
Ҳǵʦˣչ˺Сʦ𣿡
εĿ
ĻǸ̨׼ѣһɫĽۣŷµĻơ
ε룬һСӣԵɵĿô
ҿģɽȥ
ȻǴʦ㿴صˣֿδСʦܣε໹˵ͷʦģһչ˺ģ
̧ߣȴ첽ĸ
ⶴڵȷҺһȥ
ʦ֣ȥʲôüͷš
˵ţ̧˽ȥܿʧǰ
ȻĻֻ߽ȥǽϼλʦܲԼͬĵ˶߿ڡ
ʦ˵ˣšԪΩ˵
ǰé®ʿȻĿڿҲϡ׳ôˣôһʮСĻ
ʦ㲻СǴʦ㡣˵ʦǽɫĵӣ
˻ǵԪΩͷ͡
ǿ˺ðΣƿĿ⣬ȻҲǿ󣬰վһߡ
ִڣĬóһġ
εڸǼСʲôְ
ûۡ
ε಻䵭òһССߡ
֣䵭ò档
֣ελʦܵɫŹһ¡
淢Ҳ֪ⶴ֮ϵĺժ׷һû
Ƕʦ͵ģȴʦԱ֯ñѹϵ
ǺˣǺ
С֪Լ磬ҲͶҪԼݡ
磬ǲġ
εͷŵһ̣ĸ֪λã׻֮ɿǰǴȥ
߹հƵĶ֮£ڵصףҲѹԪΩҲ١ʦ֣ȻײĴ˹
ʵͣ˵ǲµģҲ֪ǳ˺ֱ
ܿ죬֪Ϊʲôˡ
װʦ޴վһߣһСŮ޿
ʦһ۸Сα飬ⲻ֪СаٵУü֡
ٵеСҲֻܻγСŮޣ֮ʱʦİ£ܻγˡ
治ѡ֮ӡ
ҸпƬ֮ʦֵļ˵ȥˣƵġ
ٿ۾һȻΪѵָССĵ޿䡣
֣˵㲻Ǻö
򿪵ٵ֣Ȼǿ޿СŮ޵ͷĳԭ͡
һֻѩ׵ĺ꣬С¶ѩһɫʣûһë
õͦã֪õȣǸ
ֲʮĵбܻΣԭѪͳ
һ·ﱧȻС˵ĺ󲱾˵ڲˣȳȥ
קһСѩ׵Ĵβͣ֡С壬Ҫô
ͻߡĵٵ֣βͽȳ
ֲ𣿡
ɽҲˣԭκһֱͻߣһ˵ֱӱˡ
٣Щë׵
ﲻǸôĵطΣķ߲õ֮
ֻϧʦǧȥߣңϼǣҵʦʦǡ
ȻĻܡ
Ϊס
ߡ۾һҲȥ档
Ƴһۣ˵¡һΣȥ֮ȥһ˶ʦŷ顣
Ϊ鸮Ǳ顣
Ҳͦ棬ν龿ôһ¡


11 
ĵصխǰ·Ǳֻɢĸں档ŵǰûע⣬ذ׵ָĵСë׵Ķͷϡ
ĸĸأⶴڵ˿Сܹͷųġ
СһԵӲĿȻشװҲģױһĵʿɱˡҪȥ𣿡
ǣӦôĵطס
СʡҲ𣿡
˸ꡱơ
˶ݵĽܿΪûٵע⡣
Ǻܿ߳˵صص棬СȻʼĲ
ë׵ĺ󲱾Ȼʦһ뿪⴦Ķߡ
һ̤ⶴߣܵһɱĿ˵䵽ֻСϡ
ûüüپ͵ǰҼСʲô
߬ʹŵľ«΢΢ζﱧŵģǰ֮©֮㣡Щﲻ֪˶޹֮ˣѪծѪ
Сˣ۳УһԱɫͫ׺ݵĿ
󰡣Ǩŭһף
ĵ˵ֻ֪Сδˣ
֪˿Ϊˣ
ˣ˵ö֮ԱһƽĲΪǽŴʦ㣬ƲΪλҪά˵
ƫͷȥ䡰һֻСҲףǿ
Ǻ˵ʱɲòף˵ţ߬еĻƷ˵Ľ⡣һֵָֻҵľ«ϣйɵš
һֱֻסС꣬һֻһݱƾճֻ֣ν

ĵ͸ŵĲ԰ףϵ˿ڲŸոհòá
ľ«ϵֻ¡
ˣҲݱǰˣǸֱߡ
ܱ֤ٺˣԽƻĵ
Щ⻰ǹ˵ݹģβȥܹ˶թɱ
䲻ƽǧǧ򣬶ΪޣҪܵģҲֻ˽ĺ
ۿȻӴܱ˶죬ȴԽԽ󣬵ٲòһغССὫͻߡݹɷġ
һ㶡Ҫȥߣ
ôݹҪȥ߳ɣǿɳɣҪСƵˡ
ͷϵ
ȥϳ²Ⱥ֮ʬߡ
ࡢŵŮӣǵ˴ùŮˣ
˵ţֱ˺һŴͷʧǰ
Ǳߵġ
뿪ˣҲ뿪ˡ
ʦ֣ҰСߴǽţμǽŵͽᡣ˻ݱСָָ꣬
١Сߣ
԰ҺСͬ֡ȻղűúܲˬӲǨŭ͵˵ʱ
١㳷ɣɣһ㿴Сߵġ
ĿתĿⲻĿ
ܲ¾ͿԼˡ
߳վǰԶܶ࣬΢΢ͷܹ£Եů͵ӡ
˵ڴǽϼ忴㡣
˶ⶵһЩơ
صĵ˵ͷ
ƿĿ⣬Ȼ͵Ǽ˵Ӻ̫ƽ󣬱㱧С׺뿪
ָͷ㣬˵ǽŻʣһʱ䣬һ£ǱɢӺݾ
ʦʦӦǡ
һºɣǻϣʱҪÿдǧĵá
εࡰʦҪд𣿡
أ
εƲƲ죬뵽һµʱ䣬ͱˡ
Ϊи˵٣ԵȻǵôġ
ںεǷֿ̲֮סʵ١
ʦ֣С˭
ٿ۴ʱѩɰ¶濴Цһһ˵Сʦһֻ͹ˮͷСģС

û˵ٿȥʱֻĴ
˵Сû׽Ū˼СˣҲһͬʡ
Ѿ䵽һֻС
֪ģġʦ֡ɿ飬ɵ˵
ΪοɹĵپͲ¡
ĸ
ʲôܺõĽ㣬ǼٵġЩ˸ӡ
ΪЩٴδůϣ
ůϣ֮ȴĵ衣
Щ˶ǧٱ

Ȼ֪ԼĳĹεСԼǳСˡ
һһ˵жٶȷɿ죬ټ֮Ӻݾ㲻ԶԲյʱ䣬㵽ߡ
λڱ֮أ˴һƬߣشѡһӲݶԸĲë֮أȴ˾
ĿȥĿ֮ԱǣĻ̵ҶԼۿɼһľ
û˻̤˴
˻ݱСһţС̶˶ë׵ӣȻͻΡ
ȴСޣһСģ
Ŀ飬٣һΪŮ
ֻûƤëڵΪεСģȥ˼Լ·
С߬·
һֱǰߡļ򣬽
Сƫͷ˵㲻һ𣿡
š
СǰЩ·һ㣬ûܵ˿˺ܿ۷˵׶ǰ뿪ߣ˵ҪҵʱѾȢ·ˡ
ʱֻ¶֪׺ΰײᶼ
Ҫǿٻߣʹס¡ɱ˺ܶα࣬úǿ󣬿Ǳĵʿûɢ
ţǻĹˡԭǰ޴ĺĴڵġ
С껹ڼ˵׵Ĺ¡
ǸҵĶ˺ü죬մ뿪Ƕصߣȴײ˵١֪ʵ⣬⻯ΪСģʾҲãˡ
Ǹ
С˵඼αΣյǵĵطǼΪΣյĴΨߣΨһġȫ֮
ԣһߡ
ҡҡͷܾ
ģǲǵ硣ǲȥġСָԶֻܿԼĳȻ˵һΣһߵ㣬һᱨ㡣
վԭأǵӰԽԽԶʧƬС
ߣʱļ䲻ãǼйеġΪ֪׾ߵĳһС
ֻ뿪ߣȴǣңֻˡ
Ѳߡ


12 
Ķʦŷϲռ䱦ԶżȻõġ顱ŷֳ˼Ȥ
ʱվ⣬óŷһöѶͲȡϵ
ʱλ䱦Ķʦԭ벻ģ˵䱦ʹ˾ھ
ʡģ
ޡ
Ǵ½֮һ죬ڲã֮ϡ˵Ǵ챦зݡûȥΪ̫Զ
֪ŷᵽܣû뵽ܵôԶ
򡣡
߱λ֮⣬ޣԶ
˲ԼͬĳĬһ¡
Ǳߣŷһ̣ŴѶͲͷ˵ǰЩӼʦһ棬ѧβţҵҶλ㲼Ž
ļλʦֶǾ޽еţĵԭأŶʦֿһš
Σһɫġġ翪ѵĴţǰ
ʦ֣̤ȥǾͳˡ
ŷʵҲðա
С壬ܿǽŵͽˣ֮ǰұȻϻǽţʱ顣У
á
ŷĽ̸֮Żݱȥһʱ䣬ˡ
ߵĳ򣬴˴ɢȥһС򱾸ٶƶģʵȴˡ
Ϊ֪ʲôʱʼ￪ʼ˴Ȼͬ繲ͬĽ׳
Ϊһԭ򣬱ûƶСҲڴ˴ֳһֹĺƽ
ܶεģΪÿÿȥһߣסϼʱ䡣
߽һҿջҪһϷ֮󣬱붨
ʱⷦζֱ߳Ϊ˿ڴ˲ʵĸо󣬲Żۡ
³һɫ΢׵ϴ˿»ҩȥһߡ
Ϊʱסؿջƹϵˣˣͬк
ֵŮƹڴЦʷ°룬ҹֵʱǹȥ͸͸ҲǺõġ
·Ľ˵ʲôϡŹֵ¶ҵ
ʱɫѾֵϰ˸ɫ̯λ֡
ͣһʵʯ̯λǰһ鷺߲ɫʯ档
ǵʯͷһһѣû뵽꾹ҲСʯͷ
൹ǲʯŻ̯λϣָոɰһְֻС־ץöʯ
ҵСﴩݣֵǿƯʯԵ磬Ҫ
̯С˵ȿϵġ
СקקԱ˵ӣ˵磬ҾҪ
СЩԣʤԵĻҲ˲̿
ں͸С˵СѾͷ㣬øˡ
㡣̹ɵĺ
̿ʯһǹһС
СһʯһǹЦ桰лл㣡
ڰ֣մ뿪СԵ˱ЩƵĿˡС壬ǿ𣿡
˴٣һϮɫۣò˫΢΢ۣԳ緢Լ֮ӵĸ߰
ֻüۼǶһƳƺʲô鷳¡
Ƿʲô鷳һ룬üͷͲ
ȼô
һ׮ԼʮǰʱʦԶµģǰˣȼ
ȼǿǵ֮֮ӣȴʦļλʦ֣Ҫѷɫ֡
λһƤ֪࣬öСʦ÷İ
ȼΪŵһĵһˣ֮¡˶һڶ֮ϣȻһɾ¡
ʵ
Ϊ˰նΨҶģ
Ҫ뵱ڶ
ΪֻǼƷ˵˵һ
Ĵһ˭Ӯء
֮ǱȲѡ֮ӵģŲҪ档
ӺаʦʦΪа˵ǽҲҾûͣ򡣡
ʲô
ĵ˵Լø
ɫѿ
˹ġ
ȼ֪ӲϵƤëģǡã
ΧƳһۣ¶дŲư۵ĵӡ
˶ڣˣӲӲ
ǽſ㡣һ仰תߡ
ȼ׷˵һòҸԸһټ첻
ҲƷѣƤͺܺãҸŵ̺ӲΣ
ġ̾
ٿڳԣҴʶʶʲôĶ񶾡
ȼˣͺߵ̫û˼ˣô𶺡
ûûˡ
ͣ½Ųνɣ
ȼ
òŵĵӿ˭ŵһˣ
ǡһĿмС壬һ춯ǴɱɱҲǱùлԼ
㲻ôҲǣǲܴҵĻݱ뿪ġ
֮ӵϲơ
ȼ̧֣һ׵Ƶĳƾճ֡
˿ƺһ̾ͻ
ŵĵȴǼֲ֡

ˣһҿûпټæ˵
˻ݱ䳰ȷС޶ס
С壬һٸˣģûˣȼ
ᣬתߣһȼҲû׷
ȼŲŵĵӽ˸׳죬ȴûҵֱһҿջڳǵС
˶
ɢİһιĵֽ΢С޶Ҳ
գ峺ˮĴ۾ܵȼԱߡ磬
ôˣȼʡ
·ˣ·˽㣬Ҵ˵ҳǾȥ㡣̯֣İһöǹʣһţòã
Լ԰ɡȼ˵ţ棬ͼһ֡󰡣Сһǣ
˵꣬ǿι
۵ζ⿪ʼӣֹס
һ󰡣Сǳԣ
ȼž뽫ϣĽô
հƺڵǳ׻
ãƳ˵С˯ˣȥɡ
лл㰡ȼŤһ£Ȼָ˵ǾӺݵʱģСͦ˵ĸаҿʹˣû¡
Ŷ
ͬģá
Ҫһԭ򡣡
ʲô
Сޣ㵱һģһԵģСӿɱϲˡٿ㣬뵱꣬ϼʦǾͲˡ
첻µزµǽźʮ꣬ʦʦǿνû
ҪǴ𣿡
ȼһȭҲǣʦˡ
лҪ˵½ɫ~


13 
Ϊ֮ȴһ㡪ٶȻǳҲ͵òؿջչˡ
һǴµʱ䡣
ٶ̤ؿջѾȥ»ָռģ
ôư۵ԽԽۡ
ıƮҩ㣬˼סǡ
ֽȼڴ˴ߵǲŶϵĵǫȼԴЩü忡ųأаȫС
ʲôζ
ǫ΢һ׹󣬻شǲɹһЩߵҩݡ
ǲɣҩ
⵹ǡüۼԳ硰ŷ˲ˡ򣬱ѰһЩҩģΪβ
һ㶡̲ˣ
ǫ˵ͷ
أ
ߡǫ˵Ŷ˶٣ӡλҩĸӦߣѰΪҽΡ
ߣ˵һҽ׹ǣˡ
ֲáֲûԸСֵط
ԼĪҪ޹ˡ
ΪΣ
δ仰˵Ѿˡ
ǫЦЦ־¾Ҳδ֪ΣأҲֻԸƽ
Ǵ뿪ȥʦֵٻϵģǫ֮󣬻ֶ˼졣ΪĲȼΪǸܺͰ׵ĳ뿴ȼܷȡ
յʱת˲ţҹ賿ǵѹ붨оѡ
վƿľһͼŵĵԽֵӹӺݵķɱ
룬֪ȼǸʵŵһ˾ֱ׷ɱѳӡ
ĲµģײǰҲͰһǡ
Ҫ߷뿪Ǳؾ֮·
ŵִһſһ߲ϵĺˡ
ԶԶĿţһֱȵǿҪ˵֮⣬ժĺ
ʱӿ֡
ǲŵӻЩ׷֣һ
д
һֻͨѩ׵ľβԺ󷽳֡
βͨѩףΨһԳɫͫӳŹӵĽɫ·Ψһɫʡ
Ժ䷢вԵ޺𣬼ѹȸе֮С
Զŵ۵۾һٸ
ڣڵأھβֱȾѪȼߣ
Ǽգۼ䣬ʧ
Ǵû׷ǲԼͬ˿
β̬ľβҡΡɢˡ
вʵջѹԵз׷ɢ
±ΪΣͼһӰֳһɫķ䣬˹
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ܿĿ䣬Ķ
־ܣ
һ̬ӯֻ׽һӰ㲻ټ
ȻŹһֻ̧׷ȥ
֪׷˹һԹľлΪΣ׵ʱһֱֱ⳯
ǵϵĺȥںһۼЩҪٶѿ
ֳַͿһ۳ɢĿ
ҹ£촽ۣڷŮ
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ɱҷ⣿˺һ°ڣ
ﶼ㣡
ͣᣬԽ뿪
ƮһƴƮ޵
һץסϡ
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Ůܲף֣
ķſŮϸļɲָ⡣
˽ݱ±󣬲ʧǰ
ĿгһĨ
ĻӦҲ첻ʦλá
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Ͳֻëǵҳһë
ֻûҵëֻվĵطһϸĺɫ˿ߡ
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һߣеٶȺܿ죬ʱ׷ȼǡ
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ȼڽմصһ̣֧Ųסȥ
ҪְһѣܺһԵϡ
ǫסȼһӱšС￴ۼˣںȣȻ˯ú㡣
лǹǱȴˡ
ףǶɣǣҲߡ
һ֮ѵǽϼĵҲûˡ
ںʦͨѶͲȡϵ󣬵֪ɣĿջջţһ̤ջӭʦӵ
㿪֣㿴վڵٲԶ
Сߡӡ󼫺ãЦͬк
һ㡱ûġ
ûô࣬кתͷȥ͵˵˵ʱ䷢¶
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εȻ˵ʦ㣬ҸոտŵˡǺҲסҿջ
ȼҲˣûע⵽üʵ
԰εпһӢ
򸣺ʡǱĶӢˣ
εԼࡣ
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ʱһֱŵ٣Ϊ֮֮£ദüá
ʦδ򡣡
Ŷ
ʦʦûþͻطˣΪڴǽĵá
żæŵӣЦ˵ôҲѧˣ
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ŵĴָȻվԴ
ʦ֣СߣҲȥ
ܵͷȵ¶һ룬ӽ
ҹɫŨ
շתߣۣƿţȥ͸͸
һ䷿ʱ򣬺Ȼ˷˵ҹκᱻŴˡ֣Ųס
ŲỺߵǷŲߣһ͸ӷǽϡ
ţ˷ľ
ư۵ʿͬɫ԰׵˵
ǧȡȴֻһ仨Ǻãǫšü˵
ȼڴϣɫ԰ףᶨһҵķġ
ǵĿⲻԼͬ˴ԵСľ͸ϡ棬һɢĺĻ
лҪ˵ruaʦ𣿲ë֡


14 
Ҳϲ͵ˣֻǺδˡ˿ˣŵҲͨͨġ
մ㽫͸ӷĿͲһ
ǫֱ󣬶ֱȻһСڵѸٵƶ
ȥǸʲôСڵ㣬һֻɫСӡϻСĳӣɿ˷ķϣ֮С
΢Ĳţ£Ļһֻɺӵٶſ
ǫţô͵͵ģ
ֱûô򵥡
ԾΣգԸ͸ӷ뿪ͱһ¡
򶨵̧ȥü۴˵Ц
СҹϹʲôأ
û˿ץ飬ݵ㣬˯šҲ˯𣿡
ȼָָͽյķţ˵ЩҪ˵
ѾˣλӦѾϢ˰ɡ
ˣС조˯ˡ
㣬˵ʲô
û¶ķȥԴЦ˵
ɵͷĽ־ȵĳˡֻСһС
֮ʲôõĴʡ
뿪Ϳȼķűˣǫ˳
Ѿˣ⾹Ȼˣ⾪ȡ
ǫʶ󣬿Цʡǹô
ȼ
ѾϢˡ
ҾͿڰ֣˵ˣȥϢɡ
ǫЦЦҲǣδޡˣǹҲұȻطˡ
˵ǣǫѾԶˣֻܶˣҲˣطȥ
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˳ӵתȥδ
ȵ˵ȶ֮Ŷ롣ķ˶ֻȼ˹
ۣʡС壬ôˣ
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ɱ⣬ġ
ŲˡҺ׺ôȴ̰ͼСˡ
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գգۣӻ
ȼ˵ʶĳȥȻһ˫峺ˮӡ
ͫɫŨһīɫĳ١
ǰӰģȼ˯ȥ
գһ۾ӱָĲɫ
ĿתǶüͷ
ϸָ̽ǶָһֻɫСӡ
ײײȥմȾϢƺбϢ룬ֱӸɴĽ
¿Ƕڷ֮У֮ܿǲģָǶ仨ڸ֪⣬ջ֡
ҧָ⣬һĨʺιɵķУǶ仨֮ϡ
ʼ΢Ĳ£Ļ껺šڼžҹ֮Уʱ΢춯
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Ħһָ⣬Ҳܻڻ˯еȼת뿪
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ȼ˵Ǵ˰ΣȻʼ磬ˡ
֮˱ٹǸĺӣҲɣȻҪŵġȼ˷䣬ԡ
Сҵ㹦ûδǰûκģڣҲġ
ﻹʣˮϺȣԵ˫չĹҵģźǿɰȼĻЦаǴҲӺݾѽǺѣҪﻥ
ȼЦЦ˵ʲôδ˵Ըһᾡܰ㡣
ҡûʲôҪġ
뻹δü˵ڣԺоٿĴһİϤǽţ
һˡǽš֡
ȼʡ˭˵ǽţȥǽţ
⼸˵ġߣȻ˵Ҳһɣ
ɣҴȥҲҲͰˡαȥǽţСأҶ۸ɵı۸ˡЦĿ˵ģû˿⡣
ǽžǸô˼еǰѱ޽
ұС˵һ˵ȼķҪǽţҿɾͻˡ
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һߣ¥ͬǫһһСˣĵȻ졣
ǫ˱𣬾ܵǰɵĺкŵͬ˲١
СߣȥʦǺǻǽˡ
ͷܿ¥ȥ
ǫĶ棬Ц˵ôҪǽô
šùˡʡղںС˵ʲô
һЩŵ¶ǫʵ˵СǴġ
򵥵ǫ뿪ˡ
δȵǣǵ˸ղŲżȼ
ǣֱ׵ı⡣
һԼȥμͽĹٷش
ȼ츳ѣʡû𣿴ʦ㣿
صĺ֡
˽ûС
ˣ㵱ǽŻߵĺţСһôˣ
бʦΪͽ
ȼҭס㷲ͬǸ
ôˣûС塣⣬
С壬¡
ǡ
Ǵ¥ε࿴ǽŵգпǻϲԩҡ
ʦ˭ܳһ죬˭ͶǻϲԩˣٲΪȻ
ܿ㵽˳ʱˣȼҪͬУɽǽ뿪
ͷ㲻С޶ʦ֣
ȼ룬ӦˣȻŵٹȥ˵˺þãŴŲŵĵ뿪
ٻ˺ܲ˵조ĥĥģҶû˵ͬ⣬ôͰҸ
С߾ദͦõİ
С壡
Ƿһ飬˰ɡ
⻹ࡣ
䡰ȼǷģ
лҪ˵ллԴСʹӪҺ


15 
ٶ˵ȼһ¹ڻӺݵĽֵϣأߵƲ֡
Ȼ䣬ǰһͮͮǺ«߬Ǹɫ޵Ǻ«Ц
ʦ֣ǽţɾûóˡ
ٲ顰ҵСأ
治Ҫ
١ɡ
ٺ٣ʦŶ
³Ǻ«㡣
ЦȻ󿴼Ŀǣ۾գҲգ
Ǻ«СδԶһߵǰԴõʦеģҲһݡʦҲ㡣

һ㶼ϲ
ߴ١Ű
ӹ
ȻҲǸԼһݵġҧһǺ«ѵࡣ
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ó𣿡
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ţ֣գ˵ʦְòˡ
㣡
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̤ȥ󣬹ɽĴԷ£⿴ȴѾǵӰˡ
С˵ɽнƣСϹɽֻܿһ˫ȥǽţǵһ
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㣬һܿ׷ġóԺúһʱ䣬Ҳûôˡ
á
ʦִʦʦһǵٶȻһһɽС˦˿ĺ棬ɽϲΣգ赣ǡ
ҲǵһɽˣΪȻ뿪ǽţǸŵʱ򣬿ɶҪŹɽϺüˣǻ䵱ǲ롣
һϹɽʦʦǻ΢΢Щ
ʵҲеۡ
ɽٴζֳۡ
лҪ˵
ٹֹڸ֮ʹ徻ҪٹȣΪʳʹȴʡҲٹɶϹߵ趨Ĳߴͳɵٹȵ·ߡһ˵񡪡


16 
ɽҲܣοСӣ
΢һЩĲУûãͣ
ȵѽ
ĽŲͣ·ûƵġ
ֻȥ׷
ûһδע£ˤϥǣڵӵĿ
סŲתȥ
СͰ͵֣˵ۡ
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Īľм졣
߽ְȻһԲǰߡ
˵ϥǣײײ׷
˼ľ뻹ԽԽûŲ
ٵĶסŲһƨ˵Ϣأ조ù֡
ԺǵİϤٶ
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һҧҧȻӵģһȥġ
СŬɽʱѾǽϼ塣ôһ·üʦʦȥϢȻ͵һȥŻ㱨˴Ӻݵ
Īɵ˵ţгһĨܺ͡áϼһôһͽܣǺø
ʦҴǽţҵĸЦЦȻʡͽᣬʦ𣿡
ƮӶ֪ټҲֻĪ֪һ
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ǰϼ·ϣʡʦʲôȥ
ҵϵˡ̧֣׵»¶һĺһϿڣŲԡ
ڵٿ޹ؽҪ֪һССĶϿڣҪÿԴ䡣򣬱Ȼ˲ϵ
ţͺ޲ðǸʿͷȫ
뵽ʦδĹڣ˶ֱ·ӡ
ǽ̵ϼӷķӣ֮󣬱ӥСԭʱˡ
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·˹Ʒ룬Щơ٣Сôˣһкջءҿ˵ˣһκСһֳаλͨĵޡ
֮ǰĹΡգգۣѡ
ӻȻ򣬵ձǰʦᣬæ˵ǵðС壬ͽ֮󽻹ΡУҼǵǷϯŲͼǵһˡ
ϣһת
֪˶ٵĵ٣Ӻοļ򣬵٣ɽҵ˰ɣ
ٵͷЦúܿġҵ˾ͿԵһˣ
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صϼ󣬱Ȳ̤ԼһСԺȻ󣬾ͼһֺֻС˹
СųͣߺСü۽ǾЦ⡣
Сʲôԣܲ𣿡
תͷʦ֣ôôͻһΪͽǰһء
Ұǰˣ˭֪ʦûһڵġŷǽŵĽưۣߴӢͦüĿʡ
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СֻСӣƺҪŷ黳ﹰ
ĺ󲱾һ̶СС۾˸ݶӣţСŷ黳һ
ŷʶĽסһԺ᲻᳤ô󡣡
һֻڿлһԲ
Ǿͳˡ˴СԲĶӣ˵ҲǵģÿλϹιֲСһ˷ܡ
ŷĵûͶιСʦãҲֻ˶ιСʦõˡ
黹ˣ
һжĵŷɫСڵϣ߽ͬС
ӺҲûӣֱӴԸ鸮ó
ŷĬˡ
ϵɢŵӨ׹âȫԺԲơ
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ǣ񡭡ǣһͨԭһŵġ
ŷĻ֣ƴһ£ƴһӡָⴥ֮ʱĸ֪вŵӿ
ŷгһĨȣĻǲ⡰ô룿ܲˤİɣȷͨӦòˤѵ̫ǿ岻ܳѿŶ֪ˣһԭͷΪ룬ǴǿСʦǧཫһҪ͸ʦҡ
̴̲ڷɢ˼άŷ顰ǡ
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ʵԭʵݣĬáŷΪ˵һξĹ֮ʱ͵ֱ׳뿴ʲôݣ򲻿򲻿ôأǵȻֻӲˡ
ŷ顰
ŷĬ˺þã޿̡ݱӲݣúõСôôأ
ʲôʱûݱӲˣ
ԺǿùԱ߳Ӳ㲻ûݱģ
ⶼǰ¶ˡ
ŷһۡǰ
ǲǴʦֱչˣҾֻԼβҾôһΣ㾹Ȼó˵
㵹ְΰ
áҺǶְε𣿡
Ҫǲ˵ѻݱͳɿݽˡ
ˡ֪Ͳˣ顢һԼŵȥĻĶȥҲӭˡ
ŷһѰסջ֡СʦãС壬ҸղҲʡһ¡
Ŷ
飬ȷ硣㱩ҲһˣϰˡΪҸղżԵǸ㲻Ҫϡŷָָ顰ܹСʵʦ
ʦ֣㵽ﰡ
ܲܡ
ܡ
˶Ƭ̡
ŷĿڡҴȥһޣ޺˾ͻ㡣
ԡ
ŷı뿪ˣһҲûδСʦɡ
ʵʦ顣
˿⣬ȥһûС
ʱɫѾǽԪΩѾɽˣɲټ
ںδˣ
Щ˻ԵǽŰʦĵһڱԺˡ
áˡǸСｿģˡ糿ûҡ
Ȼðͻزš
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ͦϵģԪΩǽſڵһմȥͿһȳһԶԶСӰ

ˡ
ջĿ⣬Ҳûȥͬ˵仰תǽš
ԪΩӭȥ
СŪǱҲǼΪĵġǽţһȴǲò
лҪ˵лл37283862Сʹ񵯡


17 
ǽŵͽٿʣʱ䣬յʱڣûټǼ˺üΡ
⽿ƺǶ֮ǰܲ˹ڻһߡһ㶼ûϡ
ʱסڱԺԪΩŵһСУСݵĵλû㲻Ŵ̽ͷȥԿڽ̸ˡǺһǰǽʦʵġ
ЩԵǰǽŰʦ廨ţ亢ͯҲŮпóѾ͵ˡЩУģֻҲûж١
ԪΩʱ˵Ǵ˵ԵǷѡǽţҲ߸۽硣Ҫ֪ǽյӣҲˡ
ǰʦʵĵӣίʵСЩ
Сġٹǰˡ
ڴ߷ʱһͲСС
֪㡣µкſڴڣЦеͬ
һۣȻԱŲŲĿԶ׼ǲڿЩڽ̸ˣڷ
ôôư
ֻǵĲѡ
СߣǴʦԸȡ֡˵ĶԲԣ
ŽĿתкӦԪסҸڡ
Ԫ۾һ֪Ұ
һ֪ϼԪΩʦֹϵǳ
ֹһοԪΩԺԪˡ
ٺ٣Ҹ硣Ԫֱͦˣ˵Ƕк̨ˣŵ㣡СߣԺҾͺ˰

治УȻСܵġ
С߸磬ʦʲôϵԪ̨ƺһ󴮻̼žĳ˹ɱϰҶҸˣǱʦġ˵ʦһ򲻽飬û뵽Ȼ㣬ȻǸȡչǰǽŵģҲ̫˰ɣۿ˵˰С߸磬ԺǾͶǴʦŵ˹
ԪһУóһϢ㡢ʦ飿ҡ
ǴʦۣҪ찡Ҳ֪ʦǲǲ飬һһ²ġҸҲ˵ˣǽ˭Եǲܵʦ㡣ʦԪ̽̽һйεףεĵεİ¼˵ĭɣҪ˵һһҹ
˰Σֵ˱ˮԪɤӡԪˮʱʡǽŶ̶̼ʱ䣬˵ôڴʦ飿
Ҹ簡УҺͺüǽŵʦʦҲˣǸҵġ
ָľϣĵ˵㣬Ȼ˵ʦܺã˵ģпԶﴫ
֮ǰĵСֻС֣ͬǺȼΪСʱ׹޶⡣
Ǻܺõġ
ԵһͷˣʶΪ˵
Ԫ㶣ͷܲ˼˵Ҳ֪Ҷ˵ġҶԴʦһⶼûеģ
˵ţŴֹסļ򣬺˵ҿɳݴʦҾرС߸磬ܲܽҺʹʦʶ
Ҳû˵ţԪ֡Ǻϲ˶ܵľٶһ⡣
ʦʮůΪϲ¶ȡ
ƺͦϲûͷġ
·Ľ㣬һ㡣
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á
Ԫ˵Ժɾֵ˰
û뵽ԼǽŽĵһѣȻΪ
ҲǾòá
ͦõġ
кΪʱ򣬲Զһ˵СŮҲΪΪĸ顣
Ҷ˵һԼġܡ֮󣬱ֵ
Ҳôʦ㲻áǷίʵãҶͷҲֻҶˣͺС˵һ·ǽŵ¡
ʦ㲻á
ʦܻס
ʦĺɱӡ
ʦʯĳ
ʦͬķһɽ

Ҷʮߵ˵ʦʦǶû˵ÿһ·̫ҿˡ
ðɡ˵ţۿ΢조Ҵûܹί
һܰϼ壬Ȼһ챻ʦ۸ġ
صصͷԣһȥϼ塣
ɹʶСӵԼǽźĵһꡣ
յʱת˲ţܿǽͽһ졣
ǽϡͳһɣԽšΪɶͳǽŵͽʽҲǼΪ򵥵ģвȽ
Ϊǰʦĵӹ࣬ķʱ䡣
֮ıȽϸǩԽ
һͨˣȽ
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Ԫظ˵ֵܣˣҽУ
˴ǰǽŰʦģ൱һֶӵܣױ㿪ʼϰԪĺãϰһֺý
˱ԺһƬյأԪ轣
ԶԶԶվˣصعԼС̿ǵܵͦڵģ֪ĻΪء
ԪΩϰ˵࣬ʱ˳Ĭ
Сӵǲ˵úҲǿ֮ġ
ԪΩ˵Сǵ֪ʦȻϲ񡣡
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ʦ㲻֪Сһֱʮֳ㡣
򶨵˵һʱ˳ݡ
ԪΩЦЦʦȷ
Ԫ̵һףʺСߡĿתԶԪ˵ôҲԴǽŵСҵԽ̡
˵֮ͳ˹ȥԪΩĸ
ȿģʱԪڇNɪԼ߳ĽеıûͿ첽Լȥ
ԪЩദ֪һӵˣ෴ģ´ݲȣδϿ뽹ꡣ
֮ǵһοôżģ
Ԫź˽תȥͼվһŮǰͷȻɵĺһ㡱
Ԫ˾ҲܹȥûɲסԪΩһȻֱײһĺ㣡
üС˭㰡ʦ㡣
ʦ㣡Ԫ̸ĿڣϲĿ
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磬Ǵʦ𣿡ԪߵԪΩԱߣС
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ԪΩĻشܵܵʡʦţֺܸߡʦҲȷᣬֻꡣ
߳ƵĴʦ㣬ʵҲֻǸʮĹ
ۣԪʦȻȸ
ûע̸ֵܵСߣˣΣ
ţʹͷش˫
˫һУֻеź츳㲻̫ãƽӹ
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ˣеʧ䡣
Դ˵ˣͷ̧Ҫ㿪
ɻĿ
С΢΢졣
̧֣һӯĳ
彣ݱ
óݱǣȥһĿյء
ֻʾһ顣
˵֮󣬾סݱ΢ٶȣԿøǵøιһЩ
ӯӵһ㡣
һư轣ĶҡҷΪٶȣԭʽҲһ֧裬ԪĻȴиĲͬ
鱻һƬݻƵҶȻݱݸ
عӹ彣
ŻݱΪ⣬ѽдˣ֪̿Լˣִӵϼһ֦ԼĻݱ˻
ųе֦ѧģʾУֲɵö˵㣬һ᳤ߵġ
᳤úܸߺܸߣñȽ㻹Ҫߡ
Цãҵš


18 
ֻȥ˱ԺôһΣ֮ĵӱȽҲδ
һ̨ģ̨һ죬صλȥϼֻλԼ٣ɵЩʧ
Ȼ֪ĳСΪʧһ춼˶ʦֵԺУͶʦһ޸оǱ̺ء޴顣
̶̫˺ķʱղǿƴһ𣬿ҳϻϸСķ϶಻
ôҲù֮ǰ
ŷָһɫҳϡ
ĿУĵһҳˡ
ҳģŵӨɫâ֮⣬һ
հ׵ģû˵һҳ֮󣬷ľҪ׵öˡ
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ŷ̲ס˵ܲһ㣬𷭻ˡ
ֽһӣǵŷϽ۵ȥûбˤ
飬顣̾˿˵װ˷ôյľˡ
ûô򵥡ŷ鱦ƵⱾ飬˵㲻ҪҰ
˭˵ҲҪˣӯá
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ҴӲŷûڻҵȻܸһ¥
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ŷʼ磬һ˵С壬ôңȥЩҩ
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֪ʦְɾҵÿ˻żʰʰӡ
СѹϵúܺáʱĿԺеĹѾ붬ˣȴ˵＾
̸˼˻֣Ժ̸һ硣
ժϵĺȡݸʱ
鷳ʦ޲ҲûϵġǶķЩˡ
ʱĵĺ˼Ƭ̣Լ彣Ԩӳ¾ɵĽȡһɫ˿ߡ
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⽣ұİɣô˵Ͳ𰡡̫ó־ϸĻССһ룬˿һ²űһǿġ
ʱЦЦԵСĽ룬ڱ𣿡
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޸һѹĺô׵£һʱ䣬ʱ񶼻ˡ
һֱʱ´ȷʦ޺ˣҲһ
ʦ֣Ҹ붨ʱȻȥˡ̧˿һƬڣ˵
㡣
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ʱվԺſڣĿӰ뿪Լߣתȥ
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У磬ٵģһ硣
޷ܵǣǾȻѡ֮
ѡ֮ȻΪ˱˹еĶ񶾴ʦ㡣


19 
峿ĵһ͸뿪ľ˴ϳ˯ŮϣϷ·һԡ
˳Ľһ˲جѡ
Ӳ֪ʱһԳͫӳ˹ӵĽɫ·ɫʣ۾·ȼһѻ
һ۾ǿѹסĵľŭ۾
̧֣鸮óǱ顣
Ǹʵ̫ʵˣԵ޹ʵΡôԭҲֻʣˡ
Ǳŵ׹˴ϣڷһҳ֮ǰصزһ磬оⱾ顣
һҳ֮˾ȵ·ˡǶӳŽɫ·ĺɫͫ£ԭһƬհ׵ҳԳһƬɫ֡
ѪʹȻϵǷһ֡ΪɬԣֻһһЩ֡
ȥͼĵһҳöдšСʦá

ֱ׵֣黹ǸһԤĻ
еĲʣһҳ
һ֮ӡʦãһ֮⡢һͽħԨ֮˵ĳֿʼת֮佫ȥδӣ

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ųص鷭һҳû뵽Ťòӣֱܷдʲô
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20 
ٻǵһο¶ʧɥı飬ʶСһ㶼ȥСʦá
ֻһͨӣһ㶼Ȳѡ֮СʦãļЦ⣬һɢůԵ̫
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21 
ĿֱϵЦݹɣȴԽԽζСǻǻװ֮ǰƾ⸱޺ıƵת
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⡰𡱣ܲ
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˵űվһ֣һնһع֦ǽ֦һΪ̵ǽ֦Ӹ
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22 
Сʦܱʦһٵδüֵ˾֪쾭ԺӵʦʦþͶʱȥ̸Ҷû⡣
ڣʦֽ޾ɵſǽͷԺ硣
ѾûеٸҴԺǰˣ·ʲôɷһ㣬ԸԶ·Ҳپ
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23 
޴ѹȸ־ϯԿסԼʧصĳʱ˷ŭ֮󣬱תȥ
ɱ
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ҲԺӡ
ΪƫƧ
Ȼ֪Žڸ·ϣʱһ֦ԺһһظŽѧĽС
һ˵кطӵĴĥû˻νΪĵһ¡
ңúһϼѵĵӡ
ǳϣġ
ϣ
õһʡ
жݵץϣⱰ΢ϣȴȽ˳
ʵ˵Ĳ룬ƩڣԺžͱһ߿ˡ
Żݱ˲Ժſڡ
ʦԴˡ
Ŀ۾Ǻεɱ
ڵĹһ£ù߳òкʦ㣬Ϻáصعҵ𣿡
Цݹɣ̣ƺһǰδڹһ㡣
ֱֱˣңֺαǰԡ̬ģΪҲ֪ı𣿣
ħĻĶˡ
ԣ΢ʹӣƬ̣˵һƽľ롣
ʦҪʲô̬ȣչ˳꣬˿¶˷âʦ뿴ģҵı𣿴ʦ뿴ģֻұֳıԡ
ɵ˺һŷӦˣȷû뵽СȻҶײ
ҲΪֹˡ
֪㱾Ƕ񡣡
Ļôܻƣ
סĻݱһ˲Ĳ֮ϡ
˵ұ㻹Ҫ˽Լ񶾣αĹΡ˿ף಻֪˶ٶ㳤¸Ĵ֮ǰұȻҪɱ㣡
֪񣬻β̵ɱܻŹ
ÿÿ뵽ЩбȼһѻһԱǡ
ƳۼϵĽûжųϵĴݡ
˿̻룬һǺò׵õϣҪˡ
ǲƽԨ㲻ݡ
ϢŬƵ˵Ǵʦأ˵α񶾣أʱ㣬ýһʮ겱ϡ
óʱͳʱˣбȻʲô顣
ʱʦȳҴдˡʱʦһеϣڡ
ڵĴʦ㣬λȳĴʦ𣿡
Ϊʲôأ
ʦ˵Ҷαô˿̵㣬֮Ҫҵ
㣬ѵǸӶ𣿡
ܵͣЩ΢
֪ɣǲø˵Ļģһһ䣬ȴǺݺݵϡ
ֽ΢΢ţֱྡྷ𣬿ó˶
ݱ˿ûĿȥĲҲѪ
ֻҪһһΣӭж⡣
Ļڶ
¹ˮڲõɫϡ
ȾѪĽϣԼ

ƺڿ֮̽㲻ˡ
ֻ˵Ŵȱ㣬ʼñꡢơ񶾡СһǱ˵Ĵʦ㡣
ǲǲһλ񶾴ʦ㣿
ǰΪĻһջǣת˲֮ó˴𰸡

ô
ֻȥˣ
׵ָⲻٲסݱ׵¡
ûкӱܵı۾ĶֱȾѪҵʹ
лҪ˵vʦҪˣλʦ֣ٻһʦŶٺ١
ҸԤաֲսɥʬ
ĩ١
ԭŵٰˡֲսɥʬ̳ϵͳ
ףɶһңԹֲŶ
ƶ󷭣ֲȴֱʬͼͨʬ𣿡
ףǡֲսɥʬء
𣿡
ϵͳԡֵĽҲ׬ײ׬
ÿϵͳ͵Ψһһöֽңһֻͨʬ
ָŽʬǿ׳ܹ۸˵öеһʬĿ֮⣬ֻʬΨһþǺһ𰤴:3
ޱȵ˻
ףƷ۳Ų˻ء
ͨʬͰϳŸ˱ѩ·
ϵͳˣ̳ȥ
ܻװŮxܻᣨǰڶžǴһ𰤴bhi


24 
ƬѪ˿˳, ϵĽȴû룬Ϊֽˤһμʱʱ
֪֣סѪֹĲ
˿ںѪĺܶ, 漣, ȴ
Ҳ֪ͷû, ʱʱϵֹסǺû֪ˡ
ʱ񽫻лԵ˺һŽư۵꣺ʦ, ȰС޿Ժ, , Һܿ
˵֮ʱŽĿתĬȻط, Ҹˡ
ǿʱеʦ, ĺ
ĺͬߴӢüۼ˱ĵĵĮ䵭ϣüȴһѪ롣
էһۿȥұ쳣
ʦ֣ૡ
ĺǱһ, Įδһ䣬뿪ˡ
ǵĺ
򶷵Ǹ糿, ԺֵǸصˡ
ĺ˼̵ӡΪ, ּ̧˸ͷɲǼ١
Եĺǳ֮⡣
ԭʦùϵֲá
ϣλݵĮĺʦ, һܹ֪Ҫ
ϧȻܡ
Ҳûϵ
еġ
׮裬гһձȻҪһһģȫֻ
СڲԺſڣǶ˵и֪ǲõ뷨ߺߵĳС
ʱվԶŽиͣС˵СȻȥ
Сܹԣ̲סвԵĳ
ޱ顣
ĸһͷСвˡ
ʱִº͵˼СߣȽȥ
תʺѪĵԽ԰ס
á˵лʦ֡
ʱ죬ƺ˵밲䣬ʲôû˵
޿Ժ
ĺǰŲŽĴ֮ϣŷ͵ٺžܹˡ
ŷ鿴ŻԲȴüͷĲѣСôȥˣд󰭣
д󰭵ڲԺĺ˵
ʣСȥС鷳ˣ
ҽҹŸϻûʹʦ˵ϼ仰Сܹˡĺ͵ζǴ˲ԺֻСýСĲӣͦء
ٴ㵣ôС岻ȥɱһСӰ
ĺ齱ߣָϣû˵
ٽ˵ʵС֮ǰڻǽ֮ǰСߴûͦġڻǽ֮󡭡ԣӦ˵Ǵʦֳ֮ô͸˸Ƶġ
ʱĺϵָ΢΢˲
ʦ֣ʦܣ鷳ǳȥһ¡
ҪŪ˯һ£Ȼһ֪ԼֱʦŪˣС͵÷Ƣˡվûж
ĺûлػ
ŷס٣ĺһۺ󣬴ŵ뿪˷䣬ǰ˷š
ĺһ˫ֽӡĸһŻɫӿڡ
ܿ죬Ҵܵİɫק˳С
ͬʱܵٻֱӴ鸮з˳ڰУ׹ʢ
е·һ㣬ʼҵ
ŷ͵Ҳ׹⣬ٲԵȥţŷס
ʦ֣֪ʲô𣿡
ŷ鲻ȴţԭʦҲ֪ô
ڡ
ĺһưɫ˫֮ϥɫǰɫ֡
ģǰɫ֮£һ˿˿롣
ĺĵĳһĨ
ʱһһĹȥֱĺҪ󹦸֮ʱԭ˯ȴǰ˹
Ļ˯һϵѹЩԺġԼĺɻʦ֣ˣʲô
ĺĽһƺŰɫҲĽɽ֮в龹Ҳؽ鸮֮С
ŷɽģ顣ĺ֪һͣǲưոݵģڸʱἫȶԣпܻӰ˵ʱķˡ
̫ѨЩƣ
ĺʣɻǵǰʲô
ˣ룬Ȼʦ͵ϮңֹһΣ
ĺ𣿡
ƺЩɱˡ𣿡ֽ˵
ǡĺĮȻ㲢޴󰭱ҡ
˵һĺһűĳ
˵ԺбͻأĶһ˵ѣ
̲סԼԴ
ﰡԼԴĵ˶Ĳաǵ˵˵˵ѣһʼҵȷǼȶһµʱ䣬ҷѾ˺ܶˣ
ĺ֪Ժеķӿ̽żʣС壬ʲôˣ
ֻ̡
ԺеǵʱҲ˵һǸ˲ֲȶģ
᲻ƭдȶԿ϶ǵ鲻ʲôö
ʵ˵˳
Ŀ˵ɪʱĺ΢üͷ
ĺ΢˼һֱڿʣûб𣿡
ʦֻϣ˭
ĺ㲻˵ˡ
ʣʦֶƺ˽⣬Ǵ֪ģ
С壬ܶ࿴飬㲻ˡĺ˵
ĵȷһЩʦַŴŰɫгĺʲôɷΪҽ󣿡
ȶס
һʼɱʵûôأֱϡɱȻءȻź¡
ʲôϼһģһĺ
ĺҡҡͷ
ʦĲ֪𣿡
Ҳǰ
ĺ˰ΣЦˣԭʦֿô飬Ҳ㲻֪Ķô
ƺǲţڷ༥ĺ˵١
ĺȻɺߣɫ䣬ʼС壬Ҫʦ֡ҾҪʦˡ
ʱ֣Ͳ԰׵ɫѿˡ
ɹҭסĺ뿪ķ䡣
ʱˣĺˣʱʣСôˣ
ʧˡĺԼࡣ
ʱףߵķſڣߵ˷š
˻Ӧ
ҲƢվķſڼš
ĺûǽ˵٣Щǡ
ٵͷ
Ҳʦܣһɡŷ£֪Īʦܣ˽١


25 
ϼ, ĺӣֱ룺ʦܣǴ˴ǰӺݳ
ţǶŪ, ӺҵĲ, а, ԩꡣ
ԩ꣬ôȷѾɾôƩ硭᲻и֮˵Ļ겻ɢ, ǽţҪ֪, һǽŵĵ, Ӻʿ
֪һµģֻɴĿ, Ҳǲһй¶˳ȥ
ʲôʲô
ĺڵûһ٣Ÿ˻
ɻ˵ôȻôʣǽŻеӱԩ긽
Щܹûдġĺɫ, ˵ʦܣǸǼһ°ɡ
ȥ
ĺ鷳ˡ
ĺ鷳ʵеܳģϸϸ⻹ǵһαĺ鷳
̵˵ͷ, ƨƨߵȥˡ
ֻʣŷĺˡ
ŷʣʦܣҲ֪飿
ĺû뵽⻹һ֪, ɵöס˽ŲĿӵĿһ, Ȼ˵ʦҲ֪
ô֪ģŷɲĺŻܡ
Ҳܺ棬ʦô֪ġ

ΣŷЭҺСһƽģС嶴Ϥ
, һ֮ϵ֪顣ĺ͹ʣʦ֣ΪСҪɱ
ڲȶʱŴ˵һǰֻ˵Ͽʲô
ŷҡҡͷ
֪Ҿ֪Ҳ˵ڡ
ĺҲʶһ㣬ɵóĬ
СЩݣԾԲʱܳƵܹɱģδʲôŭԹ飿
˲Լͬ̾ͷۡ
ŷĺļ򣬳˵µҲֻһһˡܲԺǺСȷ֮ǣǶỤģعڵġ
֮ǣ
ĺĲɵĵ˵ͷ
һߣɫѿİŸˡ
ʱϴЦݣС壬ǽȥ˵ɺã
ãл˵ˡ
ʱںڵķԵʦֵ𣿡
ƫͷЩŤ
͵ϮΣҲԡʱ˽ǱŤ飬֪ʲô
Ĺĵ˵Ϊ㣬㲻ô׾پιȥģ
֪СңҲףС岻ɱСߡ
ûʱܾĻɴ
Ȼڻǿˬڵ޹ġ
ܽδµĴֵʮϡ
ţɫڲѿˣתôˣ
ͷû֣˿ҲֻƤˡЩʱ仹ǵúúš
ˣþòźȻ˵ʦ֣һ𣿡
Сӷ˴ѣô˵ǻ
ԺҪǱúܻأϡ롱Լ׷ʡ
дʦڣС岻б仵Ļᡣü΢䣬Цݺ㡣
ȶصĵ˵ͷ
ʱ֮ìÿ죬ȥҲ죬̸˼˱ͬںˡ
ȵʱ뿪֮Сһ󣬾ĥĥȥ˲Ժ
ߵķš
СЩڴ
Ŷ룬Ŀڿʱźۼ
ˡ
⡣
°ɣԽԽãµ˶
ִ鸮һƴСĴƿŵ˴齱ߵСϡ
ģǵĨˡ
ĿǰѾ˺˹ɵαװȫӡ
ݺݵסգװͰ͵СҲڶһŵʲô˼һˡ
ҲǵˡЩ˼ǽŻ첻ȥ
һ㶼ûкùϵ뷨ڶøȫޡ
ʣʦʲô˼
շ죬һֱ쵽˶ƫƫȴޱ侲
ʲô˼Сǡ
ЦЦƺͬĻ
δڲԺҩ֮뿪ˡ
ΪʦֳأҲÿ춼ϼĴСԽļ죬Ĵ޿Ժо顣
о˺ü飬ĹûٵõʲôõϢ
ΥȶˣήƲá
ΪȻ
Ը˶ʤ졣
䡣
ΪγٳûɣӱȥϼѧúµһϷΡ
ѾµµӺĿδ¶Ĵʦ㣬ȻֲԼͬĿǰŵ
ռ˺ţȻŻʦʦǣٿ۾Ҫ𣿡
ѧ̰缦
ӽʱĵ˵ͷ˵ϲѹϿΣڣɸܸܵġ
潲߳Ȥݣ淭ź鱾˺öǷ
ǰʱ򣬸պܿĲ
ú棬ֻڵͷʱüͷƺʲôյһ㡣
ƲƲ죬Сƨǲ֡ҪӣԱߵԪô
ҲûעܿջĿ⣬ȵʱγ̽մʰˣͿ
ĵǰ˳˵
Ԫˣ뿪ˡ
ԪλϣѺõʣ⼸춼ûѧãұȥ㣬ʦֲ֯ǼôҾһֱûʱ
ָĵںص鱾ϣȻӦûˡ
СߣҿԽֵġھԶһֱ͵͵ϸܿͲµüԭ
鱾ʶַ̣ȥԪܾͿǰվһˡ
ӸµĿСɢȥԷ
ñ۸̫ˣǹ˵ʦ㣬ҪС֣һǻһȥԷġ
Ҫ̡
ôȥߣɲ˸һ𡣿ִֵţ˳ȵǱٹˣɾ൱һʱԲʳˡ˵ھͱٹȣ
ۿûκηӦһۣС뿪ˡ
ˣһϣص档
ʲôʶ֣ʦ㰡
ء
ʸܾôˬ
һ㶼۸СС
ùǱ飬һҳڣ㻭
ֿԣֻ˳ɰʣƽŹշݣһһʡ
һһʱ䣬Ϊˣ緹ûԣʵʵĶһ졣
ܿ죬ϼĵӿʼʦֿʼˡСʦܵ˴ʦ㣬ʦ㷣Ϊû꣬ûԡ


26 
һֱĵϽ, ƤЦⲻЦ˽Ҫڵס
ʦһȥϽΰ
һǰһţĺ棬յľٶв, 
֪ϲ, ΪʲôҪ֮, ɣɵһʮСȥˡ
û֮, , ɡ
Ժ󶼻ֻġ
֪, һô
ϰǽķǰѵµһʱĺطӣطӿµ֮, ҲȥֻǸ£Ȼ, Ҳͱ
ںطӿϣһ綼ֵַֻܰġ
ʵΪûг緹طǿȵѵȻҪήˣɳϣûһ¡
Ƕˡ
ȵʱν, ѾûԵĴ㣬ʱ޿Ժ
˵֮, ת뿪ˡ
ԪˣɵһС߸, ǲ˴ʦ㰡ôһ쾾㲻ˡ
˼յĿγ̣ʦңصලҡ
˵˵ԪԱߵӶΪȻ
Ǹпǿ, ŽǽŻҰϼȴҪŴʦĴĥ
̫ˡ
òҵĲǡ
ҲÿҪһ㣡ҲΪԴʦʱû۸
ԲȵصܹȥԪ˵Ҫһͬȥ
Ԫ͵͵ķ˸ۣôһСߡ
޿Ժ
̨ϣ°ͿСĳ
ôó𣿡
ԴɽСͨԣܹö˵Ӷ˶Լķ룬űߣ滹صʣļס

ޱȥСϴɾǵþԼ˷ʳСиͣ
ԲĶӣ˵ˣȥԺȦ
С˦˦ϸϸβֱͣϡ
ȥ
ȵСĥĥԺܲ붨һԺͻأ
ΪʲôǺδĴħùϵ࣬ɻ
ܡģҪΪСǵͯӰ
鲻ˣҪôԼġ
֪뷨һ£ȥϼĲ¥һˣϿĺ
ʡˡ
ʦ֣п飿˵꣬ƮƮһȥԵƵġ
ĺ룬Ȼ̧̧֣ԶһġƵСӱ˹Сӵݸ
ôˣ
ҵѾúܽʵˣһȻꡣķϻɬݿЩͷۡ
ĺƳϸ첲ϸȣÿɷ
Сܸ߸ߵܸпĲ˵ҲмᣬʦֵǲȺ飬鼮λöһ
ⱾӶǰʦֽĹݻɬұˡ
Ŷһתʣ˵֮ǰʦʦָµӼ壬ûʲôа˽ɼʲô𣿡
Ҳ޴󰭡ĺش
ˣĺЩġҲ֪ĻǾǲصʲôط
ûд󰭾ûˡ
ص޿ԺʱվԺеĹ¡
յĹɽѩǣһ۵С꼸ҪһƬذС
վԺſڣۿ˵ûͦ׼ʱ
۵ƽʦʲô
ʶְű߹С̧߽鷿ಽ
ľϣԼЩҵϵ·һǻɬѶĽ顣
˹ָͷʾ߹һ㣬˳ӵߵԱߡ
ֻһ飬סˡ̯ϣϸ׵ָָ˵һΡ
һ߳ӵĽ䵽Ķ
ʵܺʱֻһɢỺڶʮ
Լžʹ˺Ƿ
ûԼԼˣʦȻ볣˲ͬ
в
Ϳָ˵ڳ棺ˣһ顣
ǷһĶ˵Ҳ£
һһַǰԹļ
Ĳɵţȵһ֮
һ ͱȥ˯ˡ
˵ġͯӰɲһ˵ˣʲôͯӰأ
ǷǴǱѧϰѧϰѧϰһ쵽ͣЪ֡
ȥǵÿз
ˣͯӰɾͼɴɡ
ʱʵ붨ʱԱ߱飬ЩϰߣҲ;붨ֻܰķǱСӡ
Ĭһ֮᲻Ҫ㽫Сӷŵһߡ
ĵ£ʦܡ
Сˡ̧ͷӦʦ㡣
ȱȡ
һ
֪ûô׾ٵķŹ
㰡ߴ١
Ŵߵǰͼվ
ߵĲܴûΪȼһյƣһϴһɫӰ
Ȼ̧֡
е裬Ȼ
΢΢ذ׵̯ǰȱȡ
һʱû˼
ó
š̽ţſСС֣ƵϷ
̧֣ģԼֱִܶЦˡ
Ӳ֣Υĸܵĵů
С֮קȸ첲ȣ̸첲ȵȻȲ
ǰƽĽǶȡ
գһ˫ɫӣĺУʣҺ˭۾󣿡

õĻش˻ȥõСʲôСģ˵ˣһָͷ
ǲһֿ֮һӣȻ㿪ʼ
ϵģȻЩ裬һ ȴܹͷβıС
аĬдһ飬ëõ˼ֳֺ
һֱʱĩŷߡ
һֱӷΪֹÿ編ƣ
ӼķҲת䣬Ī˴ʦСʦܡ
Ϧҹǰһϣ붨۾ڻһۣ䲻˵ʦˡ
ϼµӳȴ֮ⶼ˸£ѽ飬ҲζҪΪʦܺʦˡ


27 
Ļ, ׼Ǹʲô˼û̿ڣǵȴġ
ʵҲûʲôر˵ģ̲ס죺Ҵʦ, ʦֺʦֺһ, ǼƷ, ʦǱ쵥
֮յ⼸ӣûһͨƽƽġͬʦֿе, 
Ψ, ˫, 츳ͨƽƽ
Ϊ㱻ʱ, 벻ͨƾ, ܳΪɱ˲գ۵ǿħô
Ҳ͵ǸС֮ҲгΪħͷǱʡ
˵ʮֱףҴʦִһµѡˣͲʦ֮ǾĳΪϼĵϵӡʦ⣬ͽҲǲġ
еɰʷŵһ, ˵лʦ㣬һᾡȡġ
װʲô, Ҿ㲻ᱻʦô˵ĻȻĵȷȷʵ
, ȷֵñΪͽܵǱʡ
ûлӦǽеһƷƵǰʦ㣬ˡ
˷ǵƷòпȻдѿ, ķȴĺÿ
ˣȥɡԺҲòˡǵջĻƷĬߵſڣȻʦ˵ʦŻ㻹гʱȥһ׽
Ŀȫǲ죬Щڣû˵˶˵ڽ̵СʦܣҪʦǰඪҵˣұҪȽˣԼŰɣ
Ĵƺ䣺ġ
ţʦ۽أ˴ʦ֣ҪʱʱıʦһСǱ֤ûͦʹ졣
ûٵȵ˵Լƿ˷šԺбѩǣƲ֮УСԺԻ谵ҲĿƮ˶ëѩ
ĵִűߵǰֽɡ
һѺƯֽɡſʮɡǵֽɡԽŷڵĹɡϻƵƵĹɽ
ʱ񲻾ǰĹɽܵĴʦ档
ոճſɡһֻ־ͱһյʵơ
ȵֱָһ룬䵭Ļҵɡ
ллʦ㡣սֽɡơ
վ鷿ſڣֽɡ߽һƬѩɫСһİѩĵϣ΢ɳɳһһССĽӡ
ȵӡѩǣҲ˷䣬붨
֪޿Ժſվ˺þúþá
˵ǵһͷˣܹͬġ
ֽɡƣָڱĺ紵ͨ죬ֱϵ¶ƺд档
·ֱֱӽ
̲סԼһĺðˣġҲôú壡
תһҹȥ˳Ϧһա
˵һճȴҹʱҪĴͳѧŷ˺ʦǳһҹûʲôͬˡ
û뵽ǽȴӭԲŵĿˡȼ
ǽһ˽ƣȼСʱǽܳһʱ䡣
ָɣ鲻Ըȼϼ塣
ȼ׷ϲɢڸ·˵ﰡС壬ӭ
㵢ʱ䡣ޱ飺꣬Ҫȥ
ʲô׷󣬽Ų
ȼ˼Ϊ棬˵ͨһ㣬ǰ˳ˣָ
ǰ֪Ϊʲôһˡȼ£Ҳ
úһ
ѡ֮ӣȼʵŵһ˲䲻
ԣȻ࿴ᣬҲΪƶĶ
ĽŲ
ȼĵ˵Ŷ԰ô죬֪Ϊ׷ء
ǽʲôİϿҵķʡ
ꡣȼΪҶԸǱҹġ
˭ܱ㰡Ǵҡ˵ţһ١
ȼӦġ
ϾǽΪ£δĵ񶾴ʦֵ϶᲻ĵİ
ȼ˵ˣԼԣС壬Ҿרµģ
Ҳؿڲġȼעô
ȼʲô
ûʲô⣺֮ǰǷѣ㽫˻ȥӿкת
ԣȼϴЦѴ󰲣
ǾͺáҲһ
ȼֺȻļ򣬸ΪѯʣС壬㲻Ҳûϵ͵͵ңôģ
һ˲俿üԶżȻ·ʦֵͣסŲ
ŷüôˣ
˭֪겻ɢġ֮ǰӺݵʱҲˡٿ۲Զˣ˵СӴСһСճȥˡ
ǲ䡣ĺ䵭
ŷͷҲãСϵģ
䲻ϣٸ͡
ĺĿˣ˵С۸ڶԣƵˣܽΪ£
ټͣʦ˵öԣС͸Ǵʦǰݵˡ
⵹Ҳǣˮ¥̨
ŷüСôСƿ˵ʲôأ
ո˵꣬Ϳõƿȼ
̲סҵʱ˵úˣûϵ
װ׳һ飬ôôӦô
Ȼһֱϣȼ͸Դҩһƶ˾š
Ѿýˡ
Ӧȼÿ˺һС߹
۾һȼļ򣺡ȥɣ
δСȥɡ
ȼûӦʲô˼һ̵ľˡȥ׷ȾͺȻСﱧס
һ۾Ϳȼ˹ס˷ܵĺ磡
ȼһʱûСȻ
㰡

Ϊȼ˷̫ʱ䣬ص޿Ժûýͺˡ
ʦ˴ѶͲȥʦֵĺԺһҹ
һϵģʱĺԺѵõȼ̣˼̻
λʦѾڡĲˡ
Ų߹ȥ£пʦֳ˾ǲһȥ˵ǶڣֻҺʦ֣ӾͶԸȥˡ
ٷ˵ȥɽСûݱҸ㿾Լ⡣
˵ˣӶС
˵ŻʱѾһ̲˷˽ѵһ۵Ķ˷Ⱦƽ׽˵̻
վʱнӹϡӵʣЦе˵ʦ֣ʲô
Уʦֱܡ
лҪ˵л2020-10-24 18:54:43~2020-10-25 22:43:39ڼΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ~
лͶ񵯵Сʹħ 1
лӪҺСʹ 25ƿԴ 1ƿ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


28 
ʱŷ顢ĺ١Դʱչغ, Ҳûҹһһˡ
֮ٴλһã֮ܰȻƽκ¶䵭ĺҲõЦ⡣
ҹ, ˼Ĺ, ǵ, ǰ͵Сҹ, Ѿ, 㶼һ, ǱںԺ
˸Ť˵Сѩˣʱ񻻵һѹǮ
ٺĽ, λʦ˵Ҳ뵱СģʱҲȥʹʦѹǮ
ʱȻ, ׼ĽѹǮˡ
ŷ飺
оСĺ
ʮĵ٣
ҪʱʱպȻƮ˶ëѩǵѩµ̫˻ȥ㣬Ǳǰ뿪
һߵģʱļͷһĴ, ˫ֶ멣ȻϵһƯĽ, Ҫȥ
ëѩ˵, ʦҲ᲻ġ
ûʲôġ߰ɡ
治ˣֲСӣŲҪʦСĺǻ
ʱεҡҡͷȻʣɡأʱҲСѩ, û𣿡
ʦˡѾߵ˺ԺſڣѩģӰ֣ʱУʦ֣ѽ
ʱĴ䣺С壬֡
תһķ˪ѩ뿪˺Ժȴ룬ڰϣȻ˴ӲԺ
гսֽɡɡ泯΢΢бݡ
ôˣ
̧֣Ҫֽɡݸɡ
Īôˣ㻹ʲôɡѩôһôȥ
̵ʱδֽɡ黹ұˡҳʱδѩѩ΢΢ƺǾЩ䡣
Ժ޿Ժľ벻ԶԺȴԶҲһСðŴѩȥ˵߰ɡ
վûͷеֽɡķ˵ݡ͸ҰƲ¹ӳճʪĺ峺޺
ʦ㣬ɡ
ֶֻڴţó½ϸߣ棬ô䣬˵ˣŰɡ
ֽӲͣڿС
ҪȻҳţˣ͹˵
ˣĳţҪɡͷڡ
ôŬģֲ֧Сӣ˰ɡ
ѾٴαЦˡ
ģ˿ΪС
ͷİѩص޿Ժֽɡĸ
ߵ£СĵĽֽɡ𣬿ſڵǽϡ
վſڣ˵ѩͣ
ſڶ˶ţҡһԴƺϺͷϵѩȥ
ĬĬĽ˦ϵİѩҲźۼԱˡ
ʦ㣬ôֻСƵġ
֪룬ѩò֮ͽŽڴóǰʱϵǸ·Ľϡ
չ˻ݱ֣ȾϸʱԵЩ׾춼ûܽ
멲ģֱӳˡ
ˣǰѯʣʦ㣬Ұ㣿
ֱ֣ҡҡ֣ʾ
ߵǰͼ
֣ϸСָĽǸ߰Ľ⿪ˡ
ôɣ廨ϧˡСһ䣬ƺǲ˵һ仰ͲƵġ
ϰΪš
ůĴֹҵһߡ
Ĵ멣ʣ˵ˣ멣𣿡
ǣȼһáѡ˵Ժķ򣺡Ǵʦָҵġ
ʦʹʦֵĹϵá
Ҳ֪ԼΪʲôĪĺ˵ҺͼλʦֵĹϵܺáǿҳġ
ҳΪʦʦܣʦɷҲҹϵã
ֺҰ
ܻġšһƺԴԼġĿʱ㲻Ρ
˵ʦĺܶ꣬ʦҲһֱȥҲʦ㽻񡣡
ϣܳһ׵ЦݽãֻҪ㲻Ȼٶ㡣
һۣ˵Ĳһֱ
ҽþͲˣ˭֪Сʲô⡣Ūذ׵ָ⣬ĵ˵
Сǣ
鲻䣬ȻûҪڽ͵˼
ʱѩͣˡ
ȲĿʼˣˣϽ߰ɣԺû±¸
µһ꣬쿴СǰϹˡ
ֱƽŶ
վûж

ʦһҰɡ
ô߰
ҵſھͺˡ
аɡ
ĴվߵԱߣһ߳ů
̤ŵһ̣ԶպȻ䱻һĻյ͸ɫ˵ݣȫ財
ۡ
ʣ̷ÿ궼𣬴ʦ㶼֪ô
ʱĿԶգ˵һο𣬻ʱ򡭡
ʦΣķ룬׷ﱻʦըʮɫʦļͷ԰׵ӳʡ
Ŀһۡ
ߣЩ䣺ˣ߰ɡ
ûжʣ̤ѩϣڿҪߵԺſڵʱͣסŲת
ʦ㣬֡
㶣ȻҲĵһ֡
ת
µһ꣬һ֣ġ
뾹Īá
ߵ޿ԺԺʱɫƫͷȥһۡ
ʦ㻹վڷſڣͷĿһ䱻ӳƯ貣֪ΪΣâһһȥ
ƺʧ䡣
ʧʲô
뿪
Ժڣһ𣬿۾Щɬˣת˷䡣
ȴôҲˣֻĿ˯
ա
ĵ˯ʱһҹ˯Σ˯üá
鲻
鲢ûг̫ãΪȼǰŵˡ
ʱ̨ϿС緹ʱʱСͷҲС
ȼһʳУƵ˽С壬ͶιСͶι㰡
һյƣ޹ĶͷĿ⣬˵ʦ㣬ƣһˡ
вȥǰƣǰˢʲôڸأ


29 
һһСĪ, תʱĴ멱ڻ˵ҪȥҴʦ֣˳԰ɡ
ʦ㣬ҷ, 뿪ˡ˵
ȼʳ, ˵Һһȥʦ֡
ʦҲڡ
ȼĬһ£Ŷ, ҳˡŸˣǵó, ɺóˡ
ʱ͸֮, ʦ, ȼܹĸܵǶĲϲ
ǰȥ϶ͷ, Ⱥ֮
ϾСʱ
ǶԶΪ
ܿ콫Ǵ֮ȥ˺Ժ, ԺֻʱһûλʦֵӰ
ʱ񿴼̽Ԩŵһߡ
ص𣿷ǶҲ޷ġ
멵ݸһ߽ڣҲصأȼ겻ɢ, ʦһܡʦ֣ʲôʱ뿪
Ҫʦ뿪ġ
С̿ȥ, ˿ûԼĲġ
ʱںķʣôôԸʦ㶨׮, ҲǼΪ⡣ǽҪһġ
ġϤشȼδԼСˡ
ʱƶɵʣΪ˵
Ȼ˵еݣ͵Һϲ, 
ʱԣС岢ϲô
˵ͷʦ֣˵Һʦ˵ʦͬ˻𣿡
ʱĻشû壬Ϊը
ĺ˻飿Ҳͬ⣡㲻׼Ϲľ飡
˭㰡
Ҳپת˵ʦ֣֮ǰȥʦָһʵĲӣ˵֮ǰĹҶܽ̽𣿡
鸮ǱСӣ̯ϸʱ񿴡
ʱüͷ˺ĺһ⣺ôˣ
ˣôΪʲôʦˣҰɡ
ʱһºͰݣԸشȻҲͲʡ
Ȼԣҽ㡣
ļ죬ΪҪѧϰϵݣںԺסƽ˾ļչȥûɨ
յʱһζ³һգδʦҲڻˡ
ѹʱǰߵϼ貣Ⱦһ廭
Сѩѩ׵磬Զ߿ƮƮѩļͷδȥһƬЩ۵ѩ֮£ע⵽ʦɫв԰ס
ʦʵǿ˵һ֮ң˭˵˵ʲô
ûж룬δʦϲýеɻʱˢ첽ӭȥ
ʦ𣡡ͣڶѵǰͷȥʦδǽţС廹Ϊǲˡ
ЦЦ˵ᡣ
ʦ𣿡
룬Ȼʱˣܵÿϼ屻Сܳʲôˡ
˵ˣһ̲סЦ⡣
Ҫˣ
ϲ徻ϼϼ仰ԶһˮɫӰ
æ̷ɪλӵʺöӦһǰȲ˵ѣڻˡ
䵭ףʱҲûȥɪǿʱ񣬵µӵ¶֪ˣȥ֪һǰۣǺʣǱҪһλСʦܺСʦˡ
ȥ
æ˵Һʹʦһȥ
š
ŷ˼ˣҲٶ׷׸ǡ
ܿ죬СԺбֻʣ˶ɪˡ
ѵɫۿɼһһĲ԰ɪҪ鷳ˡ
ɪָ齥أһε֮
ѳֹסɪʡ
һߡ
ٸճСԺ̲ס˵Ƕûüʦ˵ôô죿
Ϊʲôŷĵ
ǽţ֪˶֪ˣɪöѾá
ĺûгһۣɫĪ䣬ձᡣ
˵ʱ
磺Ҽǵһʦɫͺѿû뵽ôùȥˣʦǵûнãɫԽԽѿˡ
Ҳˡʱʵ˵ʦڵ鸡Ȼǳʱµĺ֢
ʦۻ룬ʲôľ
ʱҡҡͷҲ֪
˵Żܿ͵ӵԺ
ʱԺеĳΪ죬ΪССֳһ֦ȼվһָ
һ㶼ȵ˵ʦ֣֮ǰʶġ
ǾһϰĽʦ
ǡ
ȼô`ģô
ȼǶЦⰻȻӾ֪ʲôûԹ⻹ûܰҽ̸С´ࡣ
Ŷ
ȼźʱк̬ѵùʦ֡
ʱ׹󣬾ͳ֣ʾ߹֮˵⡣
ЩĲɵģһֱڿںȼ˵۾ӣϸлһĨԹޣͲ
ʱֹ̹֮ͣɵӦʦ֣֪ˣһŬģ
ʱǹ߳Ц⣺͡
뿪ǰȼʦˣ֮󣬴ʲôʱ뿪
СܲСʦ˵ɡ
䣬첽뿪ʱಽ
ҪȥԺʱ˵պʦܵĹϵиơ
𣿡
ʱûٺɱˡ
Ƿ˴մ󡣡뿴ʦ֣ȥɣһȥˡ
һô
ͷ̧ų޿Ժķ뿪
ҹ
һˮɫӰ뿪ϼ嶥ûص̷ɪȴŲһתĺԺӡ
ĺȡ
ûв´ĻûҵĻǣôȻɪ
ȻˣȻһжɪгɪȻҪʦ
ƽ̫ۣʦϼ壬ҲѰĻᡣ
أ
ĺԺӻ谵ɪӴ˿һӰġһ̫¶˵Ļ˵֮ұˡ
ĺţӦȻҲԤϡ
ǷӺݵһöӣһʼɪ֮Ǣ
֪ҲǶǽţԼǶλġͽ
ɪĺûκβȻΪʲôҪС壿
ϵͽѪΪʲôĺҪ
ϣô
ƣȾѪô
һһĶ䣬ҲΪǵһԱҲδ֪
ĺ鲻ССʦã㿴ųĺӣôģ
ɪΪ⡣
ģο
Ҫ顣ɪ˵㽫ǰҪĶСǶǸʲô뷨
£ĺüͷ΢΢𣺡ųǣûа취óֻʱСǶ
ʵҲż飬ɪĺĽͺ䲻Цˡ
Ҳ֪СϿʲôӰ֮¶ɱġ
ĺһۡ
ɱĸǣɪҲѲ˸ϵ


30 
ܿ㵽˵ڶա
һ, ˵ΪҪģϾǽϼôݡ
̩ɽǰɫ䣬ûôǿˣվԱ, 㷲ָ
˵, ЩѰ, ̲ס˵Сߡʦ֣һ㶼𣿡
ƫͷȥ, Ϊ, ͺܵΪʦ֡ƺǽô, ǵһαʦ֡
ƺĸƵĿ˵, ûʲôýŵġ
ĵη̳ܽʦĵӣҺʹʦһס
кܴ
ġšһǵһͷ, ȴҲΪ˵ˡ
ʱ
ǵȵ˴ײβϼѣѵ󣬸ʱԱߣȼ
Ŀֻ, Դһ֮ûҵȥ޿ԺĻ, ʱ䣬λʦһֱںԺ
, Ŀ⽥ƫƣʱȼ˵ϡ
߳ģ˲²͸˼
վڸ̨ϣŵµ, ΢΢ؽţֻǿһЩյѧϰɹˡҲطȺ˳ˣ̨ܴһһ룬Կʼˡ
Էվ̨һվһߣȵʾֳֳʼ
ԭǲСӹҼҵģ뿴ѧ˸ʲôӣҲ͸ˡ
ҪǶٸһԴʦĶ
˼ţ䲻ı˶ѵʻС壬Σ
ع̧濴Ƭ̣ȻĿڣʦܵĽúܺãȱӯʦáҲܿκοȡ֮
ʱأ
ʦ⽣ãȷʵС츳ѣպСʦܣʽ
ȴʺ
ʺ
ΪǽţʱĻδ˵ڡ
ɢĽӿڣôʦĶҪ𣿡
ʱģȻǺúӡһ̿࣬һ츳ѣʦģȻϲĵӡ
ţҪһʦʦˡ
ʱ鲻棡
ޱ顣
죬ٻһ顣
̰
̨£һ׽ͣеĶȻԼ̨ͬϿȥ
ѳ֣Цݺ㡣
ţʦֵ治ǶѵĵһӣЦһޣͬǣѵ۾Զ벻ıѩ
ѿǣ˵ǷŵĽҿˣǳǸϲˣЩİʦҲҾһյ裬Ҷѵĵˡ
˶û뵽Ȼ˼򵥣ҲδΪǡ
ʣԺ󣬾ĵ𣿡
ȵ裬͸øĿˡ΢Ц
ʱȥ׼ˮȼԷ˵һȥ
ȼ̾ҽ̹СǽƯС壬̵Ǹ˫Ų̫а
ʦǲôΪʦþͺˣŪϵĺ˵Σиɢֻ˫硣
СͦŬģҲһһˣЦЦ
ޱ飺ҾЦˣʲôʱߣ
ȼЦУõ¡

һӷƽ˾Ԫ󣬵ǵٹȥֿʼոһյѧϰ
Ҳæ
һҪȥѧý޹ΣһҪĴ
żȻʱżҲ˵ʦܵĴʦɣϾʦֶˣȻҪ¡
Ӳ̲Ĺš
ڶ³һ죬ʦֺѾҵʦͬ뿪ǽϼ壬Ĵʦŷǰʹһ¸ô죬ҲֻſģҪٹܣСʦòŮӵŷ鰲뿪
ѮʦҲ뿪ˣҲ֪һμʲôʱ
Щᣬ䣬ܿ㰲οĴʦʱЦЦ
λʦֶ뿪ˣȼڣʱ룬ߵĶˣߵȼȴǰϹơ
׼˵ʲôֱһγ֡
ʲôģȻ߾ѽ
˵˺ðΣȻ󷭳飬Ҫ濴ȼҪʲô顣
ܴõκõϢʵһ룬ȼȻǻᷢйص顣
ʲôأ
֪Ǿ޺ҡ
޸ָԪôֽѾûκô鶪鸮УشΪǸΪǵĴʦ㣿
ˣ䣺δ֪Ϊȴǲ๡޷ıʹʧ֣鲻棡
أĿԴ
³ǽ½һʽʼǵ֮·ܹ֮󣬵Ƕ˱ٹȽ׶Ρ
׶ΣǽΪʳͬʱϴʡ
ڴĵ˵һΪѵḶ́ϾǵöŶӡ
̷Ҷϰߵһˡͬǽ˳˳ˮĻ꣬ǵһٰ
ŶӵζܣҶ㿪ʼ͵͵ժһЩɽϵҰӡиͬйͬԵ̬ҶʱҰȥϼһԡ
СĹϵС
һգҶڽһյĿҵ󣬴һҰԺ
ҰӶ챻ժòײҵһţһһ롣Ҷ˵ţƣΪУ㽫ǲҰһΪ
֭ˮࡢͷһݸ
һСڣЩģ˵ˣٹڼ䲻ܽʳ᲻᲻̫ã
ǾͳԵӶѣûµġҶ˵ţС÷ܣºɽҰΪʲôûô죿öµӶȥ͵͵ժء

˷ʳһҰӣδ
Ҷ죬̾ҺⰡ
ȥɡۿɫЦ˵
ٹ
Ҷסĸ첲һ߳Ժ
صһľС˵СŮ֮Ļ
˵̫Ͷ룬ԶıССײ˸š
ЩСҶæסȻĽųŬС
ô°Ǵʦĳײײˣ
վȣС˵ûϵ
УҷǵýѵѵҶ˵ţ첽˸ոСȻСĶ䣬
СʹһһߺߺĴ
æ˵˰ɣʦ֪˻ġ
ϵģ˭ֻ֪ײ˰Ҷһ˵Ҳ˵
ǡ
ҶŷʷʵСĻ𣿡
лҪ˵лӪҺСʹħ 10ƿҹ 1ƿ(w)


31 
ϻ, Ҷ˵֮ʲô˼
Ȼᡢһֻ޹СקקҶ, ʾϽſС, ǲ, ˰ɡ
ҲҪҶִܹ㲻˵ϼ岻, ܵĴʦ۸˵ͷ, Ҫ
Ҷ˵ţһֵڴеССֹͣ, ҶŶ, ſſĻȥ
޿Ժ
붨۾ĪЩꡣ붨֮ȴôҲȥ״̬, Ǳվ׼С档
ϵ, ȥСȻû
üɫѾˣСӦ͸ûصС˯ˡ
СϼҲΣգǶ, ȻҶС
ת˷䡣
һֿ̣첽˳
˵һξᷢκβѰܷɽ衣
һ, һߺšС, ûСټ
·ϻĵ, ʹȥֻûá
ҡ
ܿ죬ԭѾϼ, ҹƻӳյͨеӶڰС
һȦ侲룬Ȼ̤һƧС
ǰԺķ
ܿ죬ԻҰĻпĻ⣬Լһɽζ
첽߹ȥ
ҶȻ俴һҶʶĵס
ǼڻϿŵĶһЩ
СǴСԵժҰ档Ұ濴òųȴǾζ
ʦֿԹǰСղˡ
µڱٹȽ׶ΣʲôҲС鲻ѣʵ
ҶҪһֱڷ˵ֻС˵ʦ㣬ǶˣԵ㶫
ٹȲܽʳ֪ô
ҶĬ
ʣǿҵС𣿡
Ҷ˵ûУû
ȥ޿Ժšٹ͵ʳҲܳƵǴ£ͦأҲµ֪ʷȻײˣùһˡ
ǡ
ոճСеӭ˵ʦ㣬СҵˣʦܰСͻȥġ
һ
ҶĴͰ͵ʣ󡢴ʦ㣬ǻҪȥ޿Ժ𣿡
ءһһ룬ϡ
޿Ժ
Դ޾ɵСʵûһֱţЩΪв͵ڿ־Уһֱﹰͣ˵ʲôȥ
ȵ첽߽֮СʼҪͶĻ
ӹСָĲϰ
ôСŽĿϡ
ʱͦæģʦ֮ûټʱҲˡ
΢ǰһɫĿ
̶µʱ䣬ǸССƨȻѾˡ
Ρ
СǾûߡ
ǰ̫߳࣬һͷͶһӰܵľòʡ
ü㻰أΪʲôС
עܿ뿪תƵСϡⲻҪһȥ㿴СͨһƬڻ΢Ĳš
ԴҶˡ
ҶƴĸʹɫǧҪ˵
ɢ⣬ʦ㲻ҡ
СĶ䣬תĿҶϡ
˵ô¡
Ҷ˭Ҳ˵
ưˣ˵ưͣ
һֻϸɫڻ谵ԺһȼյĻ棬·һ̱Ҷϡ
ѣŽͰ͵˵ҡ·ʦˣ;Ͱͻˡ
Сͨԣ⻰ȲĴı̽ԴװͰ͵ĳҶ
Сֵݸұš

ӹ
С֡
Ҷ˵ѹȸУôСͻ˵û۸ҵС
Ĭ
Ҷ˵ûûУײʲôû
ѾͷȥסѻƪҶӣ
Ҷ˫ڰУ޹ɴ۾ŨīɫĲɫ
΢΢˵ʵ
Ҷ˫۾ע£ֵôͣʶ˵˷ŷ¡
ҶС֮󣬲ֵ֪ΪУȰѷʵ͵İСˡ
ֹͲסҶһֱ˵ҲʧȥҪˡζǵҲͷˡ
С޿Ժ
ΪʲôǿҰ棬Ϊ̫˵źܺóԡ
Ҷ˵ȫ̵֣Ҷˤڵأæȥû˵
Ҷˣ
һޣ۾͸Сĳҭš
ſ޸ͣҶϸָҶĶϡ
СĶҶʦã
ָȣȴҶ׹ѡ޵ʦ㣬ԲҵĶ䳶ۣ
ʱۼ˺Щ֮ǰСĵӣ̽ͷ̽Ե濴Щӻʼ˽˵۸ʦá
Ӭ
վŵϵСٹڼ䲻ʳǵķӦöж˵֪ΪΪ֮Ź洦á
εһѵ漷޿Ժ˵Ź棬ʦúҶʦöȥ˼£
ӶԸ̤֮Ϊ˼ῴΪ־Ķ
£ЦһŹлԣڻѻߣðʦߣǴ˵ίʵ̫Щ
赭дһ°ɡ
εʣھͶ𣿡
šҶʦ̷ˣһ̷壬߾ͽˡ
ʦ㡰ίΡεæͷȻץҶߡ
ʱȺһɧȻͼȼ첽˹
Ŷˡ
üһôΪⰡ
ԭѾȼ۾һ˵ȼ磬ǣˣɻ¡¡
ûȥ£ȴӿ˵£ڵǿУһ֮ءȥ
ȼڱõĵǰȻѾ˽С壬Ҳ̫ЩСûС
ҹ˽𣿡絶Ǳٹڼ͵ʳŹ棬ںԣʦ㣬һ˲ɣӢۡ˽ҲÿǲĲţ
ֱӴ˵£ȼɫһѿ
Ҿ£㳶ϲšʲô˼
ҵ˼ǣǷǷɣ
ȼڲԣ㷣ôأǹ˽ʲô
ĳҭڶ߻죬ûֱð
δСǰˢøо͵ɲǰվٽǸ鷢չĹˣ

òеٺϻֱӰνȼ˹ȥ
Ҳǵһ˵ֱӰνȼ֣ڣΧӲ̫Ķ׷Ŵһֱǽš
ڵӿԽԽԶȻԼͬɢˡ
С߽εࣺʦ㣬Һһȥ¡
ε˵ͷ
εץҶǰ棬ɫҰ׵ں档
Ӧˣ˵ȥġ
ʲôû˵һвСԼ˵ȥ𣿡
һʱ
ҹķƮʦã¾Ҫ۵İ
һ
Σšһ˵öˣҸýܳͷʦ֣лл㰡
ԼĪһллƫͷȥһۣû˵
һߡ
ȼǰ顱һϵǽŵĴţˡ
㿪ŰС壡

Ǳٹڼ͵ʳǲԣҲҲᷣôأһʱûӦ
û˽Ҹղ̫嶯ˣ
ǸߣҲʰһ

ǽջһޣһֱڶղеӸҽŽһϷȼʰܷ嶥ŶѸһ״˲š
һ£ѷԼյСʵĸ꣬Ǳ޿Ժԡǹ˽գһؾǴꡣ
ǲؽգΪ֪ԼѲŵȥʵ̫ˡ
¾Ҫܷ
ʦҶ˼죡
ˡ
лҪ˵Ҫʱ**Сͬѧˡ
ĸʱ䶨ʮһ֮Ŷ
ô˵ѽ(@wA)


32 
ܳһʱûٿû˴ʦ֮, ʼһһƽ޲
һʱϢĴָţҲһˡ
Ϧһ, ڱʦѴ޿Ժз˳
ʱ̴ʦʱһЩйϵ, ͼһµĴʦĺԺ
Сؽպ, ͱ˺Ժ, ʱδ, Ȳ
СҲǰ, ԶԶĿʱ, вΪЩԶ治ʲô
Ϊ嶯ȼǽűؽյʱ, Ѻʱ񶼲̽ӡ
ʱҲܳһʱûпˡ
ʱվŲ, 㳯֣ЦС壬
˷ܵСŵϣǰ, Ŀֳߡǿ׳Щϡ
ʦ֣ʹʦˣ˵ʦ, Ҿˡʦ¡
ս, ҵ˾Ȼʱ, 
ʱܾȣʱȡ
ȴĪĶһɹŹֵøС
ǵζ̫ˣԲŸڴսյĴʦܹʲô
ʱܿ췴Ӧ, ˵ͷȻʣС壬ϦʲôԵģʦָ
ʦǽ𣿡
ʱҡҡͷ
ʦҲû
δ
죺Ȼҵ˾֮Ƶġʦ֣ǽʦȥɡ
ʱףĿ뿪
Сû뵽ߣʱˣ׷ȥ㱻ʱס
һȥʱС£ȥ
ڻ޿Ժ·ϣ·߾ĵӾȴʦ㾹Ȼųˣһ̹ĺʹʦк
̬δΪδôһʱı䡣
޿Ժ
ֹԺţؾվǰ
һѧЩʲôʣǹʦܿҵĴʦ㡣
ƣ׼ʻԵɣʵʵйоصĻش𣺡СŶݼסаԡӽʲôұѧʲô
ôˣ
𣺡пɡ
ı彣óʦ󲻾ãÿһλӶлǽŽڣѡ彣
Ĭһ¡
ڣȴδѰԼı彣
û֪¡
̧ƣһƫĳ֮ϡ
ѽᱡĻݱȻͬ
Ҳ彣ǸʲôģҲ˻ݱ
ȱȰɣҿҵĲ֪ڵôʱĳɳٶж졣
ƺʲôʹӣĮһǰһҲǴʦĶ֡
Ǹʲô뷨ЦΪһҪûô
ѲٿŭȻһǰһŽɱ֮
̧ͷһۣд˲Ρ
֮ǰҶ㵱Сʦܿ
ʣʲô£
ʦ㡢ɱ˷Ż𡣡
ʦô
γ˻ݱ׵Ľŷ⣺㡣
֪һǹȥˣҲγԼ彣
ȶ֡
һ𳤽˹ȥ
ĺС
ĽʹʮҲû֮ƥҲ㲻Ϊۺȫ㡣
˫ܹڶ̶̵һӵԶͬ˵ȻǺѲ˹ϵ֪һжô̿ࡣ
˵Ҳð
ѵδĴħͷ츳ȫλ
ǻħͷأ츳ռǰ;
ʼ˼롢Ĳɵ񣬱䡣
ʱͣסϵʽȻҪֱۡ
عűƵڣ΢΢üͷ
Ͱϲŭĸпһ䣺ŪһѣھȻֻҵѡʦܣѹȥǰɣ
΢΢̧֣һ
ʦǲˣҲʱ֣ƵľͲˡ
üСǾȻҪ𾴴ʦ㣬밤ʦܡ
ѵв
Ǹ
Ǹûá
֪ô
˵ҷϰɡ
ΣǿСǲˬؽգһûˣײȻ׷Ź
ϣǲţظһ䡣
ƤЦⲻЦ첻ãʦͰýָϡ

ת鷿ӽҳ߿𣬵ݸ
û뵽ġ
Űɫ˿ߣһϸϸ룬ѣһú򼡣
̧֣һڣ޵ʲô򼳤
ϰΪĲ˵ޣ˵֮ŵʦȻ幤ãܽ̽𣿡
˶٣˵ҿɲʲô򼡣
֪򼶼첻Ҳ˵幤硣
Ȼ̣˵仰֮Ͱڰ֣뿪ˡ
תú׷ȥһ
Ϧҹ
Ͷѱ֤˲ٳ嶯ĬҪٱ˵Ļ֮󣬺ʦʦֳһҹ
ȻûȻԵøġ
ǰӰڣ¼ֱ
ǲ֪ʲôʱϵôˡ
Ϧ֮µһꡣ
δΪսı䣬ɷƽ˾
һҲΡ
ΨһнӴʱҲֻһȽ
ˡ
Ҳˡ
ʼڴıȽ
Ϊӻһֱȥ֮󣬲ˣԼʮҪСĻ¡
ʮ̿£ԪԵͬ˵£֪ġ
Ԫ̾ʦ㲻ľҪ˰ɣžǽſԶˣ
꣬Ī
סڹָⷺס
ȥҴʦ㡣
˵ţŲҴҵ뿪Ժ
Ԫ̲ס죺һʦô죿Сʱһģһ
æϵ޿Ժδֻ˴޿Ժ߳ʱ
ʱ߳޿Ժ޿ԺԺű£Ӱûпֻ޿Ժһ硣
Сչˡʱ
չأ
룬ѵΪȼףѡʱչص
Ǵʦʲôʱأʡ
һ£˭˵أʱȻҲ֪ˣҲˣȥɡ
ͷĿʱ뿪
ȵʱ뿪ˣĿ޿Ժ
޿ԺԺſھĬ˰Σ̧뿪뿪ʱĽŲỺࡣ
лҪ˵㻹ôǸˣٺ١
Ժĸʱ仹Ƕŵ㣬ǰһ
лͶ׵Сʹħɫ 1
лӪҺСʹδ 3ƿ
ôôա(3)-


33 
ʮꡣ
һαչ, չʮʱ䡣
޿ԺʱĺʱɰѩǺ
øոճص, һַ·ʱδŵĴ
ָʱΪµĽ֮, ָĵطʼ, ʧ
̤޿Ժ, һƬذ׵ءչʱһģһ
ڿԺǰĺЩĵ֮, ֪ʮʱеˡ
ϼĵǶ֪, ʦ޿Ժбչ, ھ޿ԺʱȻҪŲΨִʦչء
, Ṳ̊޿Ժǵʮŵĵӷ׷ЩĿ
ǴеĴʦô
еĴʦ, ϲ۸Сʦܡ
ǰŮһϮ£ڷ𣬷ʤѩپ, 续üĿһ΢˪
ʦʦÿˣɵ룬ʦ㿴һ㶼Ѽ
һ, üĿ΢˪, ˲仯ʦ㡣
ʲôû𣿡üͷ, в֮ɫ
ʦʦæ첽뿪
⣬ϾʦʦþҪţԺ󲻺ùͷ
ȵ޿Ժǰɢ֮, ֱȥʱ񣬵ԺŽգȻѾڶʱ
·ϵʶ̹˵ʦ㣬ʹʦְǰһ뿪ǽš
֪ȥĶ𣿡
ҡҡͷ
Ƕʦʦʦأ
ڡ
üһûˣʦǻȻһڡ
ƣϼ˭£
εʦ㡣
갮̧ܵʦãʮѹʼˡ
ͦõġ
һŮɵĳɾ͸С
ԣʦûڣС˭չˣ
ʦչ˰
ǵӻûü˵꣬ٿתŲԺȥ
С۸С
˸ա
СڣСҲڡ
޿Ժʱ򣬱ε첽˵ʦ㣬ܣҴ޿Ժ׷㵽ԺֵԺ
ʮȥεҲŮɣࡣ
Сأֱʵ
š
˿ȥʣȥС޿Ժ
չʮ꣬СʮδէһСһ£žӳ˹
ס
СһߺߺһﹰƺԹȻôŲʡ
Сεһ˵ʦ㣬ʦߺСʦϡŶңʦܱȥ˲ţС
ôˣ
εԼࣺأȥͼı֮λ
ȥ
С⡱һ£û뵽Ȼô顣æ˵˵㣬ôһ¡
ҲǺ鷢ͻȻε˵Щͻ񼲣̶̵ļʱ㲡ضΪȥһϾ¡ϱʱûҵġ
ģεǽţȻǲ֪ˡ
ţĬ˺þãȻʣʦأ
ʦҲȥ˲š
򴽣еŭ
֪
Ϊȼܹ飬֮Ϊƶ㡣
ʲôƨ顣
ƨ䲻Ժ˵ңҵĻҶü
ôģˤһ顣
Ĭһ£Ȼ󲻸ĵ˵ҲûãҲ֮һһգҲĽֵģΪǶڣ
۸ʡݺСʦΨһ壡
ڣ
в޲ƵĻչصʮ䣬˲֪ٴˡ
ƺʶ޸ָˣ㿪ʼòͣٵķʽͼϴԡ
Ľ޷ϼһơ
Σξ飬ƺپѡ֮ˡ
ΪصĵڶգǽĪȥ
ĪĳĶ˵ʷܴѣСҲʱءΪȼδޣӦǰȼѹء
ʵұҲġĵҪȼƲϵ˵ף¶֪֮ʱʦһٳ׮¡ʦڣôҾȻֻˡ
Īţң
ŶңƽϢʵҲǰ
Ŷ
ǽϡĪţһһ˵ԣȼ䲻ҡ
Ҫ˻飡
ĪĵС壬áǲ֮ܳΣ
ûг֮Σ˵ʵСʱ;ȼ䲻ˡһֱ۸ڵ
Īţ
ðΣȡػߣȻ㲻ϲȼҲǿ޸
ԣ˲١
Ҫ˻飬ȻӦʡ
۾һлţƽ⣡
һû˵꣬ߡĻתߣĪæס
ɵĶ뷴ڰɣ
Ȼǣֻ˵˻ҲԣԲڹˣĪ˵ţҷҲ˵ǲ֮ܳΣǽŴɣʱ˻飬Ҫοǣ
һ㶣Ҳǡ
֪СһֱǺܶµġĪοԲǱߣǵȥһˣǽ˻
ȥԸĵ˵ͷаɡ
߰ɡ
߳סԺӣź֪ķӦϺ·ˡ۷ȥĪ˵ϼ䣬ͷԺš顱һˡ
춼û
úƵġ
ޱķ˰ϵ֡
ȻĿŲǽͷ
ҪΧʱӣֱǽˡ
߷߲ƽ뿪ˡ
صϼ֮޿Ժ˰첻Сͻεס
ε࿴űҲСʣʦҪȥŰ
š
εпʦ壡شΣ֮գǴʦճɾ֮ʱ
ֻ۾ϲȼˡ
ε⧲ıʦһ£Ȼ󷴲ʦǶֺ֣ڸճر㼱͵ܣ
Ҳһ£ʦã˵̫ˣ
εຬЦͷȻͿСҽһʱ俴˿ûҪǰŵ˼
ʦ˵ʵ̫ˣճؾͣܣϲȼƵġ
ҪǽŶһʱȥ

뷨ܺãͲסĪһһСߣһߣغգʰǰš
ˣǰе˵ʦǶѽճҪȥˡ

ᡣ


34 
žǽŵľԶ, УǰҪһյʱ䣬ֻա
Ҳô, չʮʵ
λƵɽ, ɽ²δ½, ɽ·ȴŶݼס
źü, Щɲġ
Ⲣϲɽˡ
Ϊʦܡ
ֱ̤ɽ, һ̤룬һŨŨİ㽫Χ, ǶʮϤ֮, Ȼǻʧɽġ
Ųæݱ׷Ľ, ͸ɫĹâţֳֻݱ, ǰȥ
ʱ䣬ɽ󷨱㱻˴롣
ŵǸµӣɽµһƬǽ壬ʧɫ, ΪǶϵ൳ҸȼæҪŰȱ
ӭǰǰǫʦżæŵģ, Цʣʲô£
൳󣡡
ǫ΢΢ü, Ƕ൳, ҲǲŵӣҪ
첽߳ŴţֵĻɫ, Ȼ
ǽŵĴʦˣؾšǫǽ壬ϰΪ˵
ɽ󷨴ͨӣʵʵǿһʼ͵㣬ö˱ֱӻɽɽ󷨶ӵмΪǿ
ŨŨİɢȥŽư۵Ṳ̊Ŷѵõů
ǫӭȥкʦá
µӹȻĿȻֳʽ
ǫʵúֱףǲŶңΪϵĴӣôҳɹ
ǫá
ȻȲ˵ʦִףʦ踺ءɱϣҲΣ֪ʱɽ⡣
޺ǫ벻һѡԵף
û뵽ҽûͦ죬ǻҪʲô
Ȼ֮ǫʦãҲţΪ£ҪѰǽŵӣȥ
ҸճأĪġһ£Ȼ˵Ҫһ
ϲص
Լȥ
ᳵ·ĳסĵطȥǫ뿪ԹȻĸп
ʦ֣˵ǽŴʦδޣ
ǫ۹Ȼ
δԵ˵ʮǰʦչأôرˣǰΪʦǲϲʦ˵ճأҲšʦ֡
ϣճɾ
ȻֱӺġĪġ仰
ǫšüʵŲһ֪꣬ôࣿ
ʦ˵ѽаµӹȻȻ˵
ǫ
һߡ
ܿļȼԼػԵȼĸ״ǰüͷ
ôˣվſڣŻȴɲɢĳҩζ֪̫á
ȼʮǰʱȥһǽţΪ˿鲻ԸȴòԸıģû뵽˻ûֱȥչˡ
ԣϸϸʮδ
ûзӦôһ£ʶĿ˹ȥ
ݺȼ㲵һĨ졣
ôڱչ𣿡
չؽˣĪġ˵ţ򴽣˵ȥҲݡ
ʱҲڲסһʱ䣬ദʱ䲢ȴദüá
ȼٿĿɫ峺ˮ̹Ȼ
ȼĴͷ˻ƣ򵥡һҳ׵ģ
ǲ𣿡
Ƕ˵ǲض֪ǡȼʹ죺Ǳ˺ģ
ҲȻˣһҪҳף
ȼ̧ͷһŻشһʼ⣺ܲá
С壬ûˡܿ죬Ҳûˡ
ŭ緢˽ͷúܵͣȻԼԼһ˿ǻ
Ҫ˰ɣ
ϰԵˡ
ȼûеȵҲûȣ˵½Ŀ˲ϵϡ
ˣôǶʮĽ飬Щ̡
ȼĺһ֡
ȼû˵
۵ĻԵ£ֻҪվͺá
ҵˣô죿ȼƣ
㵹µʱ䣬ʦΪѵ㡣
ţ̲סЦһ㰡
ҹܵǽϼ壬ܲˣ
á˵ҡ
ʱһСӰһڵҩ˽һ٣ûȣе㷭ˣˤڵϣ˺ôһ졣
󡢴ʦãǰµӰѾʱҲ԰ѵġ
ôֻȼߵģ붼룬ǰŮ
ǲˣȼҪСʦӦĲǡ
ȻԼδںŮ飬ĻǸ飬֮֮Ϊƶ㣬Ϊ顣
˵ʦôңܳ㲻ɣ
鲻ѣҲġ
ǡֻǿʦ̫ˡ
ú˵֮󣬱̧뿪ˡߵô죬ȼһĪ
ԺӺʵãǰݡ
ƧϷ壬̡һ·߹ȥûпˣʱһЩӰǰһζ
ûü˭ǵӰʧˡ˵û˾ʹܳһֱľùŹ֣׷ȥȻỺ
ʦ㡣
ΪҪæµûģͲסͱ˰סˣûߵö
ûôĵӣٿת˵ݶδü壬˫ֽճȭ˴˹ȥ
Էֲûоͷס˫ڱ
ǽŵʦܣ˭ðʦİ
ס˫ֱȻܸߣŮȻ㰫ҲԲ˵ߡԣ濴Щ
ס˫ֵʦ˿޵˵ʦչʮ֮꣬ʱ㲻ǴʦĶ֣ʮѹˡ
ţķſ֣ʦܱתվǰͷͶºôһƬӰ
ޱ飺
ʦܹɵ

ſ֮ƽӡ
ŴǰԡʦҲֻʣһˡ
Щϡ
Сǳ˴ǣôߣúʦһˡ
˿β˵Цˣʦ㲻ϵ𣿡
С߰

ѧСʱӪСѿƾʲô᳤ôߣСǳô߸˭أ
ҲǸֱȱĴʦˡ
лҪ˵ΪˣԺĸƵʴһһ_(:3)_
죨壩ŵӼ


35 
Ŀⲻεġֱ׵˾Ĳ֮ң, ʮչأвδй¶̫顣
վţһ㶼ûоòڡ
ʦܡ, ˵ô
ǽڷָõķָָҺʹʦһ, Ϊ˶
йʣ
޹ұ㲻ô
ħĻĶˣŲ˵ǣֱʣҿһӰһģ
ɻĿĿ, ƺȲ𰸾ͲһεЦЦ, ̾ʦôʱһϲһЩ޸ݵأ
ûиݣû𣿡˵ţԼվ˵ϻ̫˷ʱ, ֱӿ첽õķߡ
ߵúܿ졣
ʱһֱõġ
ʱͬգ, ׷
ƫͷȥһ, ȻŲͣסˡ
޹ʣʦ㣬ôˣ
ʲô
䴽ȻĴ𣺡ˡ
Ŷ, ĲԶ

ȴûĲԶ, ͬУĲԶ
˼ľÿһͷţ
ͷõķߡ
ƵԱߣʣʦţǰˣ, Ϊô
üͷ΢壬û˵
㵱Ĭˡ
ǹȻһŰԵ죬ҪȥйڡǽŵĴʦճؾǽţʦȻ֡ϢѾ
⡣
λʮǰΪҪչأ
ôڣʹǰһв
Ȼ֪Լֱˣȼһ¡
ǺСʦô˵Ҳ÷ˣҲÿʼˡ
֪֪ԼСʦãȼǶڣθ룿
ʣʦóȥ£֪𣿡
Ҫ̽Ϣˡ
һƬỺ˵˴ǰйʣ˴ѣʦĵȻҪȥæ֮ʱҲܳ˳˫ԡ
˫ԣ
Сôʻͦᡣ
ǰ˵һ飺˫롢ԡ
ž̲סЦˡ
ᰡˡ
Ϊʦϲһ֪ڽĸٹֻ̣ЦҲܱɿЦ
̾ƺڰοȻʦĽȷƵЩҲֻǽãأʦġ
һļƤ񣺡Լİɣ
ҺܷģֻǵǴʦ㡣Ͼδ򡣡
ܾⷬһһΪĵìܵĻڹĶϽȥȼ

ȼ֮ĹˣҲԲСǵĺ
ȥ׷ôҲ׷ϵСʦɣ
ʡԺ塣
˵ҲԣӦʡԺװꡣ
һߺ˼źܾԺ飬һߵ˵Ȼ֪ȼҵδ򣬾ҵġϾҲδǰɣ
ϵЦݽˣʦ˵Ц
˵ŻܿߵϷ֮ϵá
ʱѾǻƻˣϷܸߣѤõĲϼ·ֿɼһƬƴԵЩžɵĽϣĪ˾Щʡ
Ұ׵ᦣ̤ͬһƬҰ׵á
ΪһԪˣ˶æؽţüˡ
ǰصĺɫ餣˺þáգգۣգգۣԽգԽ졣
վһߣעȫ۾ϡһμ˫ǶǰҪ

ҲֻǺۡ
Ҫǿˣ֮ûٵᡣ
ΣǰϣΪ㣬ԡ
Ŀ⽥ǹҲɴñֱıƫƣںڳصĹϡ
ƬҰ׳еЩ䵭𣺡ݵôվʲô
վûж
üתͷȥѵ⣬ָָ̧֣ǺɫĹ餡
ָʲôָ
Ҳ
һֻһֻϻҪСĺɫӣϢĴδĺɫһһĳž
δۼСӾҪϣ߬
ָϼӡϸʮֲʣʶ˦֣ʱǴþˣһֱã˦֡
뷢𣬾ͼһֻֻϻСĺɫСһ֧ϴһ㣬
ʲôһ
˦һɫһȺСӡû뵽˾ȵ鷢ˣȺ÷ǵĺɫСӣһվ
ͷƤ顣
ֽ̧֣֯ɰɫɽ磬赲סСáЩɫСӸڰɫĽ֮ϣһƶ
ǰʵʦ㣬ʲô
۾ȵҲ֪ѵ֪𣿡
ʦʶ㣬㶼֪Ķ֪
ܲͦѵ֪ЩСӺΣգȻţͱˡ
εֻǵĴʦ㺦ЩСӶѡʦΪҪԶⴧң
ң⣿Ųɫ峺۾в֮ɫ
Ҷ⡣
ĺһȻ˶е󣺡֡
ɿֲ֣ڵָβϵƤ
ʼˣٿİԼﰡĥĥġ
Ħһָ⣬δ˵
ʱ⴫ҵĽŲţͼȼ첽˽󻹸ǫ
ȼæĽŲͣ˽֮⣬ŽϲƶһŴĺɫСӣɫࡣ
ô£ٿĿﲻƵĴǴ
Ī̵ǰҲȼ
ǿ˵ЩСƺǴ̵ĹģģҲ֪ˡ
ѵ֪𣿡ȼ˷ʡ
ȼе죬Ҳö룬ͷӦⲻô
Ѿƶˡ
ȼðɣʱ˵ĽıĵһСƢá
ˣԺ󲻽Сˡ
Ͼڵδ
ȼ˵䣺˵
ЩСҸģعˣѣҲˣ˵ӣ
ȼǰ鳳ˣȴû뵽һ򵥵仰Ͷŭˡ
һҲ֪Լǳ嶯ˣԺ˵ֻʣûб˼αô
ҲѵǻЩСҸģ
ȼǣΪĳЩԭɡ
Ϊ²͸ԭûʵ֤ݣһֱ̲
ȼΪԼȴĽŲͣǫǰ
ǫԶպÿƽľ룬˵
Ӧһʣȴ˵˳䣬ƶˣſǵܿʧӰǫ
ǫĿãȻΪҪ
Լ
ǫȼ˵ҵȷδϷ塣ǻϷ壬Ҳ˵ʦݷ𣿡
ȼǫֿһʱ֪˭
һ㶼ȼ˭ĿǫϴתѾȷǫϷ֮Ҫֻһ¡
ʦܣ˵֮ǰӰǲ
ʵָǫôǾͲһģˣάǫֻ̬ģɣô˱ǱΪ顣
ǱΪ飬ʰʰ׼úýˡ
ñôʦʼʦ㡣


36 
Ļʳ, ڳ˵ĿⶼϣĿһֱϡ
̶䣬ǳǳɫ
Ķ, ĿҲֻһˡ
ǹƵ˵ʦ㹲Ϸ, ;еȷһӰ, Σʦơ
ǫһ㶣صʦƺǾԼüۼѵԳͬΪǽŵӣȻŽһģ
ֻ˵ϹϷˣôӦʲôĿǶŲ, ֱǫ
ǫ, ظ, ֶۣȼδ飬Ҿϡ, ǣΪ
һʱͣҲڵȼ̬ȡ
һǽݰûദÿܻܻδޣһԳֻһͬͬʦ֣ȼȻƫںߡ
ʵҲ⡣
Ͼȼһֱ̫á

һ㶼
ȼĶ, ˵һһеģһ
Ƿ, ֳǣôŵҲ͵ͷˡ㵽Ϊֹͽ, ܹģ
԰գǫ㣬Ҳ֪ΪҪƴˮáһˣҵĵûôǿңҲHֶΣһսҷᾴ㣡
ȼԼúɡ˶ȼ˵
ȼĬãദĳһĻĻĻĿ⣬һһĴϣŲǫϡ
ܿ뿪Ϸ壬ΪڲסԲŻŸһСԺ첽סǷСԺ
Ϊߵּֿڷй
δϷͣһͬ뿪һ߽˻ҳСԺ
СԺδסˣһʼҲ˴ɨôʱȥˣСԺѷסˡ
ˣ˵ʦȥǶ
ȻסĵطûУղźͲŵ˳һܣȻȥȼס
ءܾʵѽ⣬Ǵʲôʱ뿪
˵һСֵ⣬Ҫ ˵ǻҪڲͣһʱ䡣
ǲֵģ
ɽ󣬻ǱɽҲδ֪
ǽŵĵӲߣȻˣҲͲԼһ˻ǽţĪǶý
εǽûضסոջܾСʦܵ롣
ûطסҲԲߣȻʦĶ顣
Ŀ˻ҳСԺתʦܡ
ţ
ȼ֡˵ʱίʵǷŭ̾һŵ˵ʩˣıģɱҴȶˡ
Ŷ
ϦӶ¡
ҶҴǰƫͬǸ
ɿǱڵڣýĽһ١
ȻƢ糤ɴħͷ˾Ͳˡ
š
û˵ҵСԺ
ĬĬĽŵĻһ飬Ȼץסص㡰ȼ
ȼôʦ㲻ˡ
ڣỺ˰οʦĪҪˣֻΪ㣬ֵ
ʦõһˣ㣬顣ǻңȻȫȫŴʦġ
ȻڣȫȫŴʦء
˵ʱĿĲ
ƫͷȥ۾дЦ⣬Ĳ⡣
죬ֹ
ڵɿ컮һĨԲ׽Ĺ⣬䣬˫һԾѣʢ˵ᡣԽỺͣʦ˵ʲôֻ˵ˣһõߡԸʦ˵ģҶԸ
ƫͷȥֻеֲɵ˵㲻ض䣬㶯־ͺˡҰʰһ¡
ǵĻȽסû뵽˰죬˵ľȻ
ûʦܣʦʰһӡһ㶼ûʰʲô˼
̫ȻˣĪ˵Ӻ̨ԸЩʱͬҲ
ԼЦˣŶ
ȵɫװڸɸɾ￪ʼ붨ȾҵƣСԺ̨ϡ
˴Դ벻ͨΪʲôôŮˡ
в
Ż˵Ļ֮һʰӡ
ȼϲ
ΪȼȻˡ
˻֮еĻɢ
վϵĻҳȻס
Ǻ֪ʱƮСѩűѩأ˲ԶվŵһӰ
Ųס
˿첽˹¹Ұףӳ۴ŭǫϡ
ôᰲı꣬Ҫɹֻһ֮ңŭ㺦ɱҵʦʱƫ̻ӻ㾿ʲô˼
Ŷǽ̷ɪʽ꣬һʼͼıǲšȡʱ֣ǲССı˼ƻ㽫֮ͷϡϾȼŲɣŵġ
еССʣҲֻеĺϲãʱ뻹ʣ༸УҲûдˡ
ݷ꣬ʱ죬ڷزǳֵʱȡ²ţ֮£ǻ˰ϼ塣
ȴȼ̫ǿǽӵİϵ˽С
ʱġ
ôںڲŵģҲֻһˡ
˵Ȼв罫ƾͼƣһϷסɱ˶ϣȡȼܺùһ򾡡
û뵽Ī˼Ϸɱʦ
ȷȡȼʧȥԼʦ
ٵš
Ϊȼһֱȥ¡
ȼǶа˺ϵ
ԣȥϷ֮ǰȥڵĺϡ
ʵȴʱѡΪ֤ȼĻɡ
³ɺޣǫֱ
ΪʲôЦЦǵĻȴû˿¶ȣΪҪȡŴʦ㰡
ȡٽԨ
һ
ǫҧгݣƻǵļƻ
ȼҳνġĵĻش
Ҳ;Եɣ
λεָĽĿŲǫϣǻȱ䣺ʦ֣ǵΪģҵһôʦձѵķʽ
ǫһ㶣ʲô
ɱ㡣³֣Ŀǫɻ޴ǺƢĽͣʦԹʦ˵Ҫԡ˵ҹʬڴˣʦǲǾˣ
һȾѪɱбŮޡ
ǫ۾ʵʵŨɱ
̲סһ־Լᣬ㹣Ų˵ɱңҲÿûǸ£
ЩɬĴǣɱֻһ˲ǣű㽥ƽϢ
ɱһǫ󰭣ֻڻѡ
΢ʹӣʱһƬڣʦ˵ЦЦˡ
ҲҡǫһȻȻмģôͶ𱨣
лҪ˵У˴ʦѡ
ʵУǫɵġ


37 
صס᷿֮, 붨ȴĪľˡ
ڵĵľŴ׷ѩһֲҰ׵Բ³
ǫڶ
Ϊʲô
ΪʲôأΪʲôأ
ָôںڵĴ, š𱨡֣
ϧǸǳ𲻼Ƕˡ
ҲͶɪ, Ǹ, Ҳʹ
ѾǺܶǰˡ
żȻзҹ뿪ϼ壬ƹƷ壬ǰ̷壬ȥɪ
۲һʱ֮󣬱ֱ̯ơϾֵ, Ե, ܺƿ, ҲûôĹ˼ɡ
Ҽ㡣һҹס˴æǰ̷
סһ, 㷲Ŀʦʦ֣ҡ
ʦñŰֻ˵Ҽ㡣һƬڰļž֮أֻ¹£ϴ޺Цݣ𣿡
򣿡һ㶣ѿڶû㰡
ʶԼ֮, ɥס졣
Ҽ㡭
̨ǧ, ڽ²塢ʳŵʱԶԶļüΡ
̨ܸǧСŮ, Ща븧̨ɱ֮ʱĵ˽ͳȴ̼ɥȪ
ղʹĻ糱ˮӿʱۿ
ΪҽûмˣҵҡҲ֪ȥˣҲˡδֻأ״̬ࡣ
ҪҰǽţ˵ܸĳ˺Ϳ԰ҵĶ˶ǽţˡ
û뵽ʦֺȻ֯µӣҪǼ塣һδֻصĴȻᱻ֡
ڣҡ뿪ǰңҵĳˡǴʦ㣬ҼɱҴ硣
˵꣬ʣȥ̷壬Ϊܹӣ
Դ类֮ҾҲûмˡң̫ʵ֮ǰҲܼ˵ţüȥ̷壬Ϊ˵Ҫ𣬾ͱԼǿ󣡶ңҲ˵Ŭ취Ҽ硣ĺ簡
ţԭˡ
ˮȴδǾϲ⡣
˵ʵʦ֣ܲߴʦˣҾͲˡ
Цһ֪Ĵ磺ȻᣬʦãôẦأ
ʲΪЦллʦ֣ʦá
֮󲻾ãϵģɪͨǰ̷塣
һϮˮɫȹŮüᣬЦԼزסĻСߣ㲢ʺ
׳Ϊ롣
ʺʺ
ڻ֮󣬹һλ޵ǰ̷һη
ʹ£˺һľֻɪӣӡ
Ҳ⡣
мֵܺùõķ
Ҳȷ˼ˣϼѣȴҪ߶ѵλӡ
Ҳ˵λ
²⣬ĺɪǹϵǳ
ļζݵദ֮£ľɪŹֶɡ
ɪϲ޲ûַ֣Ըϼ塣
һʼΪϼΪǽŵһ壬Ҫ̷ȡ֮ǰãɪ˲š
ɪƺŶ졣
֪ϢȴܾúʲôԿ϶ɪҰô򵥡
ƽ˾һҹȥ
ա
ȻĪֹǸθǿģȻ㲻ʲô
ȼǫֳĲ죬ʼѪֶϵĲ൳
ǫɽŻʦʦڶ̶̵ļʱ䱻ĶڵѪ
ܿ죬ŻȻһ£ͬʱҲӭһϢزתزռȬ
æɢЩ֪ϵĵӣǲ֪ģʦͨҩֶҩĸӦܹȬ벻ʦõİŵĵӣܸм
һ仰΢ء
ûĿ⣬עȫĵһ仰ϣʦãͨҩ
ǰɢʦ֪ʦҽĸߡ
ţʦصô棿
˭ѧģ
ʦأ
ϼһ飬δͨҩ
δҵǰɣҲѧɲšȻ˲ϼ壬ǾֻʣƷ̷ˡ
̷ȷоͨҩˡ
ɪ

ĪľЩŹ֡
۵׵Ļɾ۵ף˵Ǵ㵽Ϊֹ
صסСԺ֮󣬱ԴѶͲ֪ε࣬ʦðһʦá
Ҳɡ
ĵȷȷȥԴǰɪҲɪʲôɪǸʱϼ壬ˡ
ңŮǡ
ƺ˹ϵȻǵϸһġ»ã㵱ǷδȻˣм䵱ʲôıҲֲˡ

ȵѾٻԣˣҲæͷϵ顣
һգʱһֱµǰ
·ϣȻ˵ΪʲôҪͨҩ
ǵǶ֪鰡ȻĴ
ƺûΪʲôͨҩ
Ծ
룬ܿȻ֮صغ˵ԼĪҲɡϾʦãӦҲɵġ
ʵȫˡ
ֻǲ뿴һֱΪȼæصذʾɪйϵ£ַİˡ
ȫһƵϵ˸˼ŵѾˡ
ȼҲһߣһԲ
򵥵˵һ󣬱ʣɫźֿ࣬Ѵ󰲣
԰׵¶һĨЦ⣺öˡǽŵʱ䣬ҲΪСˡС
󰲱á˵󣬱˴С
û뵽ôͻȻ
ȼҲû뵽ٿĿ
ͣұչʮ꣬ؽʦʦֻϼ壬Ҫǡ
˵ˣȻ㲻ֻӦʡ
ԸȼһС塣
ȼŶ
߳ûдȼ˼ֻͷǰߡ
ȼɿһ˵ʦܣȻȥҺʦлҪ˵
ȼ˵Ųס䵭˵
ȼĻЩ˵ˡ
֮ǰֵ֮ò죬ûȷʵ֤ݣȼʵҲǲֵ̫ġ
κ
ȼһȷһҪӣðβһΪɡ
Ҹ׵δȬϡС壬ȹ߰ɡ
лҪ˵лͶ׵Сʹabnsheliariddle 1
лӪҺСʹ 9ƿ
(w)


38 
üһ, 
ˣ
Բܵģ
ٿĿȼ䣺ôӣΪڲţ, ȥʹͬ⣬Ҿ
ȼס, Źڷŭ, û˵Ϊǽ, ҵ˼ǡ
̫ͣѨ, ȼ˵;ͷۣܱܲ죬Ҳ˵
˭˵ȼӣ, Ȼתߡ
ͷǰߡ
ĿһβɢΪ, Ųĸߡ
һߣȼŭĻ
ʣֺС峳ˣ
Ѱ˼ȼô̵ʱ, Ҳܺһܣ, ίʵԩҡ
šô֪
Сʱ㲻Ը, ŭģ, ұ֪
ȼСҷ塣
˼ʮǰСʮ, ¡ʱ㲢δ, ȥǽš˼ƮԶ, пʮǰСδչ, ôҲӦʮķˡ
ޣȼһϮµģ, 㶡
ȼ㶣ֽŵʮѹȼ, СǸʲô˼
ȼˣʲôʲô˼
˵أ
ȼ
ԼĶ̾˿̯˵ϲС壿Ϊµ뷨
ҺδôȻҪΪµġȼӦ˵
δһ£ǷϲС壬һ¡һöѶͲǲϲҲǿΪ¡ΪԿΪǽԼ
ȼüԼԼܽ
ԸԼϲСˣ
Ҳϲ
ȲϲΪԼΪβԸ춼ûܴȼеõһȷеĻش𣬱úûȥ룬С壬㾿Ǹʲô˼
ǡ
ȼ뿪̯ĵĴѶͲ˼á
ǽŵĪ˽ƣӽĪűԴѶͲȡϵ
˶ݵĽ̸Īű˵ҹʾҪ˻һ¡
Īŵ˼̽һ̽ȼĿڷ磬˶Ա˴⣬ȻҲǿǽΪ¡
̽ˣȼ˵˰죬ûȼһϲǲϲĻ
ȼĲɵ뿪һֱĻ
Ƿϲ
ϲ
ڣϾʱһ㶼ҡ
ǡϲ
ǰ»£ΪֹѾ֪ͷˡ
ϰˡ
ȼδǰˣЩײϣڹȻʱɲ
ҪȥǽŵĴʦ𣿡ʦܹȻɫҴңʵ
ʲô
Ȼͷ·ǽŵӣ˵ǺܿͻǽˡʦȥӦûܿİɡ
ȼɵĿŹȻ˵
ô֪һῪġ
ȻȻ˵ΪʦϲҲճؾǲţʱΪҲžľ
ž˵һѣȼŶҪˡ
ȼȻϲ˵ţһʱҲûкֹǺ͹Ȼߵ˽ĳ£
һߡ
ջǽŵϢݸǽŵĵӺ󣬱סСԺ
ԺеʯУ°ʦʹʦȥЩʲô峺･Ⱦʧ䣬ΪҪһڡ
Ϣ֪֮ò׽۵׵ʧ䡣
ʧʲôأ
ŵϸһ飬ΪǺڸղźȼһܡ
Ͼͦϲȼ
ʦ㣬Ѹ֪˵ǣջǽšɫɢỺ˼
ĲɵġŶһˣȥɡ
ûߣǺԵʯ¡
°ͣתͷȥһۣʲôô𣿡
ʦƺ鲻á΢䣬մһԾ޺ţһ˴ţȻáҲϣʦ鲻á
ҾͿˣ
ܹܶһ˺ʹʦ˵ҲǺõġ
˵ɡ
˶٣Ȼ̽ʣʦΪִ𣿡
Ϊʲôá
ʦ㲻ô
Ϊȼճر㲻Զ˲ţֻΪȼһ֮ҲΪȼʱʳΪϵ
ǲϲֺҪ˾ģ
ϲΪȼģϲȻˡ
֪˼ĻԼĪҲ˲Զ϶
Ī
·˶һֻεְͷȼᶨƵΪȼ֡
޴ֶ׵Ļ簡
̧ͷ죬гһܹȻҪǾҵһ𰸡
β˵͵ĬˣסиӵŹеỺ
ʦеֵ
عɻĿ
ʦæµʱȴһ඼δõʦãҽޡ
ƫͷȥɫӡ̲ס룬ʵΪƽǹ˵⻰µģϲô
֣飬ѵʦܣΪŵӣɱΨһĿ꣬вɴ湦ʱ֮ģ򣬱ҵϣ
Ϊʦ㱧ƽ
ҲҵϣָΪ⹦ĶɴħͷģƱҪС
һҪϵһʧܸա
úĲȥˣܿ뿪뿪ǰֳ°ͷлеʧ䡣
ϵЦ⾡ʧޱļ룬ȼϲ
˭˭ϲһ顢Ůˡ
ˣһʱҲصסСԺ㿴һǽŽư۵ĿŰѤõƲʷ
Ԫôˣ߹ȥʵ
ʮѹǸΪżСԪҲӢ꣬ıԲ䡣
Це˵ⲻǲûҪæˣźüûĹˣ˰
һ£˵ÿ춼ô
㻹һڴʦԱߣҶû˵
ЦЦûӦ
СߣСʱ仯ͦġСʱҾʱеȺ˾ͺˣƢʹʦһáԪ˵ţ˸ӣһû䣬֪ʲô𣿡
һҲ֪ܸӵʣҲ֪ʲô
Ȼ㻹ǺСʱһϲŴʦ㡣
һ̲סЦˣ𣿡
԰ҶҪϲǴʦˡ
Ŷ㻳ɶˡ
ǰǰɡ˳ĸһ䣬ȻȻֹ˵ʲô
΢䣬Цݿ飺ϲʦ㰡
֮ʱ̴ļ䣬ϲϲĳһ죬
лҪ˵ʦˣ򲻹ʦhhh_
л2020-10-31 09:00:00~2020-11-01 09:00:00ڼΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ~
лͶ񵯵Сʹħ 1
лͶ׵Сʹа 1
лӪҺСʹľЦ 37ƿ29674714 15ƿСʮһ 5ƿ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


39 
һҹȥ
ܿ͵ǽŵӳʱ, ŵĵӲǡ
еֲͬ𣺡ʦټѽ
ʦʲôʱ氡
ȴʦˣǴɽɽ󷨿˼ˣ
ŵĵ˵, ֪ĻΪǲŵĴʦء
վԱߣǰһУΪп
˵Ҷ֪ʦƢ, ʱ, ݰ裬Ƕǽŵĵ, ǲŵĵ, ϲںµġ
Ϊʲôأ
벻ͨΪʵ̹ʵò硣
СʹһߣȥѪ
вʱ˵˼Ľ
õõĴʦ㣬ôƫƫҪʱأ
ڣѾˡ
Ѿٱ۸ˡ
ͲŵʦʦǸ֮, Լҵ˵׼ɽˡ
Žż⣬Ŀڲڷ, ڷǽŵĵӶɽ߹ˣûӦ
վԭأڵ˵, ȻײײԱ߲״̬е񣺡ȥСʦãҪˡ
عĵĵʦԼĪǲˡ
ٷϻԺʦһڲšһ仰Ҳٹˣܿɽˡ
·ٶȺܿ죬һգ۾ʧǰ
Ƴˣˡ
ȻЩ˼Բѽ߰ɡ
ƺʲô˵ģΧǲŵĵӣְѻȥ뿪ˡ
ǽŵĵδעǻ̾ϢΪʲôʹʦ㰡
ʦߵô죬һˡ
Ҳá
βƮѾԶĮûرı顣
ûע⵽ֻˣ̲סίĺһʦ֡
˵ģΪһڣû
㡢˵ȼϲңֻҪʦһ֣Ϳˡн죬Ҫ뿪ˣҲδһҡ䣺ϲңϲǴʦ㡣
ʰһ¸ӵ飬ɤºδĺãˣȻϲˡʦãɱʱԵԵδϣԵ
ĻκģҲЦݣ𣿡
ȻʦôϲôԷأ
صĵͷ˵ҿϲȼ
Цݼ
ȻСʦֵ̲͡ߡ˵ʲôʲôֺʹʦȻͬԸõġ
ţԱ˵ʦ֣ʦĺ㡣뿪ǽţڲţҲܵİ
ȴҲԱԱ̫ڣԱԼڡ
ƳԶôԼȥȣ
ЦϵĻȴĲˣʦУʦҲ㰡ǶĪ츳

ʱҲп˲Ϊƫƫٻ˫
˶ݵĽɽȥ
ųߴٹǿһЩϣɽʱɿǲͷĲɫ
¼Է㡣
Ǹпһ֮ȼһδħͷСʦ̤
ΪһѵϾʦ㴵ëã׵Ĳˣϵģֻ˵һûٿ
һ
Ůӿ԰׵ɫС٩ôô´ʦ㰡ֲ㡣
㲻ôʦ𣿡
ǰҲôãʱһֱŴʦŶϲĵ𣬺ʹʦӴʱҲˣҷִʦʵûдеôסŮ۾ģʦɺˣҡָأ
ԡ
ŮļЦʱһֱΪβûһŴʦ㣬ȵԺͺͻ᲻´ʦˡ

˵ȴŮ˵ĻΪȻ
һֻյʱ䣬ʦʦһû뵽ǣһ˾Ȼֻ֮·̡
ҹ˻ЩΣգֻʱͣ£ھͽСһҿջסһҹ
ڽСǰ۵βϺȵļӣüͷ
˾ˣΪŮǵΪʲôҲڵβ
õߵ츳Ƕʿ֮õģΪԼŮǣ˿ϧ
ҵҵĴʦɸ֣ϹʦЩˡ
ȻѵǼӼ䣬ǲиתС
ԶԶں棬ۿ
ܾڿ
ʮĴʦ㣬۸ʦ֣۸
֪룬֪Ҳ⡣
һͽĿջͷҪ˿ջɢҲԼķ붨
ҹʱδصʵĴ紵ѵ죬붨гѡ
վߵߣһ̹ǵĺ⧲˸
Ѵιϣ㿴˿ջſڵ̨һɫӰ
̽ͷȥֺۣȻűߵշ
˳Ŀ⿴ȥֻһƬڵա
ڿʲôأ
һ룬һϴͼջſھ̧ͷ
ⱻӵĸо̫ˡ
һӻصǸСѿ˵ʮǰ
ִľϣһʱûж
֣ϣʦҪô
룬ȥ˵ʲôӶ¥£ӯǰ
£վǰ΢΢ͷ
ָָԼԱߣ˵ʦ㣬
۲֪ɲɾ̨ףȻĿתɫһһģƺڰʾʲô

ԱŲһλá
ڸղλ¡
ҹˣʲôºʡ
紵ָָͨԱߵĵϣ붨ų졣
Ŷʲôˣ
¡
ٳٵȲ˵ģЩͷ˵
Ϊʦ㲻Ҽ˵ء´Ҽ˵ʦ࿪һڿɺã
Ŷ
ܿѩ޷·ʦпܲڳϦǰصǽˡ
˵̾Щˡ
˵˭̵ŷѧ˼ŶݼױҲ
ȴδ룬䣬һ󺮷ЮŶëѩ׷Ĵϡ

ƺ͵͵ЦһٿתͷȥȴһƬƽ
ԽԽĶëѩЩ꣬ſҲĲˬ
ˣȻҪ鷳ġ
ɫġԲ´תĥŸô졣
лҪ˵죬ͣԡ


40 
ܿ, õġԴ޵𣺡ʦܣǰǲǽ̹Ҫʦ㣿ʦĺӣǻӡ
ʲôû˼άʲô
˭ñʦ㳤ˣ

Ŀŵĵ̨֮, 䵭𣿡
Ĭһ£ѧģ˫ȷ˵һ̨ס
ⲻ٣ȻݲȵĽԼ˫쵽˵ڶ̨ϡ

̽붯һ, ӭӡ
, һʲôУڣʦ֪ڶʲô𣿡
մԼ˵˷Ļ, ˵֪, ˵
Լк˸Ϊ֮ס
㶣ʲô֮ף
ħֻֽ٣֮ʲô¡
򱱷գãһƬڵĻ֮ԼһĨ΢ŵĺ⡣
㲻Ϊ⣺ĺ⣬ħǲһ
˭֪ءûз, ֻЦЦδ£˭Ҳ˵׼
šһ
ڱѩһ, վ˫ִӸµĿ
ȥˡ
ͷѾվ, չһ˫ȣš
ʦȽȥɡ
ͷƮѩ˵㲻ȥ𣿡
Ĭһ£ˡ
ӸҲſͰ͵Ľ˫ھĵһ̨ףôȲŹˡ
Ŷ̫ˡ
۾ﵭЦ⣬ǽһĨȣʦɡ
ָ֣޳ǽڷΪָź졣
Լ
ʦ㲻Ӧðʦ𣿡ʡ
鲻ԸԼůůС֣ץסһֻ̫֡ס÷ָ
סů֣վ
Լֱһסһ飬æİ˻
оĵůһ롣
˵֮ǰ޺ʵʦůͣԸůů𣿡
˺ö˼붳
һûת˿ջ
ͷһԼ֣ůд档ǵЦݽ
߽ȥ֮󣬷վ¥ݱߣƺڵ
ߵǰЦʣʦص𣿡
ƤӶû̧һ£˵ĲԶ㡣
Ĳƽ
ջĹЩ谵ֳϿҵʣʦܣɫΪοô԰ף
һ㶣𣿡
š
ллʦģҡ
Ϊ̫𣿡档

ȻôԼվء
Ҳǡ
˵Ļᣬֱ˵ʦܣ˼ŷǿ壬𣿡
ϵЦݽˡ
䣬ɲᣬ˵֮ͽŲ¥ˡ
¥ıӰŴʦβͣʱȻѾ߸ߵˡ
ҭסһΣôô
ΪţʦҲ׷ˣԽԽȥˡ
ա

붨۾ϴϺߵǰƿûѩ
һ´Ӳûƿ
ûƲĴ
һϸֺɫľѵһƿϵĻѩȥ
ŴһƬذδͣЪѩһͷ
˵ˡ
ѩûͣ
ʱˣ޾ɵ¥͸͸
ٽأСĿջ˲࣬¥µĴŵĿˣȻȫŽư۵ǽŵӡ
ȫڳš
ˣǲԼͬЩţѵ⡣Ͼ֮ٹȣƿڸ֮ġ
ҸʲôǵİǱٹȵʱѾȥȻٹ
˵˿λŮ֡
ʦ㣬ﻹλãҪ𣿡ڴĿ
ͷߵ£Сڵꡣ
һ飬ˣ̽ŵֱӣΨë
һͳû
Բʦֿʼ
ȵ֮ʦʦǣѩ⼸¶ͣˣҲزǽšʱ䣬ǶҪסˡ
˵Ӽ͵͵Ļ
˵棬Ҳиÿճʱ𴲣һʱĽδʱʼ붨ʱ𣿡
ʦʦæͷʣʦ㣬ѩôѽ
տʼҽջڿջµѩĽ硣
ʧ˵һ֪ˡ
ȵɢȥ֮һѻƵĹɽֽɡ뿪˿ջ
Ƶ˿ջ棬һƬյغ󣬴ﲼɵĽ硣
ʱɳɳĽŲȥɫðŷѩ
˴멻Ƕ촽ףҲ̧֣ͦɡͷ˳š
ɡպõͷЩʣʦ㣬ɡٸߵ㡣

ţɡ뿪ͷʣʲôģ
˵ʦҪµѩõҲʦҿ࣬صعæġ
ʲôæɡİɡ
ŽųɡҡҡλΣò㣬ɡš
Ŷӹֽɡɡůģĵ¶ȡ
ֻɡȻ̧ߣźЮѩֱϴ
ѵĵĽɡбԼҲվ˷һߣ׵ס˷ѩ
ͦʶȤ
ĸһĨɫ㲼½磬ˣʦ㣬Ϊβõѩ󷨣
ΪϲЩȻҲѧã᲼󷨣ֻ󷨡
ŲʦҲǺҪӵġ
ΪҺǲһʦӯĵ𡣡
˲õʯ̯ģҪݸɡ


׵óѵɡ»΢䣬޺鷳ʦҳɡˡ
뿴Ž쳤ָɡģ
һ統Ϧҹһ
ʦ㻹Ǵʦ㡣
ֱӽӹɡ˵һߣһ֣һɫӳγεĽ磬ѩ֡
ʦܣǾ仰пնӯֻкôûлǿ壬Ҳη
̶̵ļʱ˵ڶΡǿ塱ϵЦһνˡ
ˣҪǿ
ǡ


41 
ļʱ, ΪѩʱͣЪʱҲֻʱС
ʱʱżȥලʦʦ, עϡ
Ŀ֮дת, Ǵ˿̵ĽʮǰڶǰʱĽԱȡ
Ľһ, ˮ, С, ܾĶ͸˵ĹŹ֡
, ĽʮƯΪȱʵս飬ȱĶࡣ磬ȡ֮Ҳֻʣϳӯˡ
, ˶ô
ջطϵĿ, ߵĵԱ, ָǵĲ֮
ʱһζ, תۼ͵˳Ϧһգ˵Ǽ١
һѩѾµûôˣżмƬѩ¡
ǽŵĵ뿪ջҪȥ͸͸ʹ, ҪҪһȥ, ܡ
ص䣬붨㿴ŵİɫҷ΢⡣
һĴѶͲˡ
ָ⸡ɫ, ɨѶͲε㴫˳
ʦ㣬ҲʦãѾˡҲϻԼ˵ʦ֮ͨѧɲšҲʱܹҽ飬̾ʦ档
ǴҶΪѧҽҲһ㡣˵ҽ֮ͬ᪻ôˡ
Ҿʦûôߵ츳Ż˽Ųϼ壬ϼ岢ûͨҽ
ұȥ飬̷ֻ֪ͨҽֵĵطҲˣʦûʶ޽ӴԣʦǷʦд
ţβ˵ȥ̷壬̷ȥϼ壿
Ǳߵεһ㶣˵УҶ̷֪Ҷʦøܺãʮǰһµء
εĺǷ̡
Ĭãŵ֪ˣ鷳ˡ
ж˴ѶͲ֮һ
һͻɪҽε飬ҲΪ֤Ĳ²⡣
Ĳ²ˡ
벻ͨҽΪʲôܹḶ̌ƫƫҪͨһҶ
ԵֻһǱɪ˵֪н
ڣȻй
ɪʲô
δע⵽ѶͲδõӦâȥ
˴죬ʲôûֵŶյĺ磬һŵĴƮ
Ȼ񣬳ű紵ô󿪵ĴȥʲŷɫѾһƬװعС򣬲֪ʱ׺һһĵ
һƽϴϲЦݡ
˼̻ġ
ȴЩȻʧ
߹ȥˣЦֵ󣬾ſ˴ϣͷС
һ˫ڿкҵĵ£ڷйеơ
¥ȡ
ԭ붨ԪӲĸѣԪǽô꣬ǵһϦ㾹Ȼ
ỺΪβȥʦһƫң
Ϊ𣿻ʦúʦһȥˡ
Ҿ̵֪޵͸ּЦ
Ԫһ£㻹Ҳֻܺһꣿ
ҿһˡ˵ţԪҪط붨
𡣳Ϧҹһ˵ĻҲ̫ˡԪ˵ţļ򣬰¥ϡ
ԪĸߡԪĻʱǡɾķţŲ㲻Ķסˡ
յķţ΢΢̧ƺš
Ԫûعͷʣﰡ
µķ֣û¡
˳˿ջڽϡ
ǳϦҹֵ߰˸ʽС̯ӣǵ׺źĵԼζʮ㡣
㲻ʲôùġ
ԪĴСȻתͷ˵󲮸ңСĳһԵСߣҪҪȥ
ЩҺ𣿡
ҵģİ
Ŷ
Ԫʽ黨˵ȥǱߵ̯ɫ£һȥԵϡ
ңܡ
ŶŶ
תȥԪѡ黨ˡ
֮أŲ㲻һ١
̧ȥ
ѾܽˣźɫްĺȦˣ
ŵˣһϮưۣںڵĳ𣬷ɫ𪣬پ£δʩ죬üۼҲġ
һͮͮǺ«Ѿһˣ￴һⶥգչĹĵģţֽ
ʦϲʳء
ȻĶʲôóԵġ
һ߳Ǻ«һ߿ǼСתȦȦˣ
⧲ģļͷͱһ£ʶһȭȥо飬̳ܿ
ʦ㣬ҡ
Ľȭͷüʲôģ
ҰԪָָԶ̯λʾһ߿ǱһԵԪԵ
֪ʣ˭
ų΢΢սʾ˵ŮӣʱʶҸʦͬšʦ㣬𣿡
̽⼸Ҫ֮ڿڵĻεķӦ
ţĲ⣬ϡ
գգۣ֮ļ򣬷Ĳ֮΢΢ü
ˣ΢΢һ¼ȻʦԳĳ˵ʦ㶼ף÷ܿɹʦҪúðհ
వȻһͷײǶǽϰɣٺ١

ԣʦΪϲǸ
ǡ
һʱԶԡ
һֱ˵գһ۾ʣʦΪʲô˵Ϊ鲻𣿡
ڳӿš
鲻ҪԵѽ鷴ʦȥǺ«Ŷ
Ǻ«Ӧʺϴڰ״̬еˡ
תȴȻ֣߬ס
ʦﲻô˵ţѵòƵģǶҧеһǺ«
ûӦҲǿѵÿǩƱҪϡ
ˣ˭ʳģ
ѧŵģǺ«ֻǾôʦǺ«Ƚѽ
ҧǺ«£۵ζǻ
ĺءϵıֿˣʦ۹á
аɣǺ«ķϣƽʳˡ
ģȻġ˵ţֻʣһǺ«ǩԡ
ǫãҳһž͹ˣʦ԰ɡ
԰ɡġ˵Һ㲻һн񱡣

Ȼúۡ
ҹĳϣˡ
һòƣߵһںɪɪȲֵܵԪ


42 
һ, ʰָӵ飬ûз֡
ԽԽ¡ٽʦ㣬ԪԵǱߵأһȥɡ
ͦһξɪɪĵȴԪ˸硣
ȥ
ֲСŮ, ֶ, ҲֶûȤ
еĺ, ΢ЦǾͲȥ, ʦ㡣
ˡ
ǲô, Ͳһ㶼顣
ʦǵԪһôʦɷģʦûȥġ
Ŷ˭Ԫˣ
ϣ鸮̺ںӱ£ͼ˼ϵĻѩ, ŵĺĴ̵˵ϡ
һߣĴ멣ʦ
Ŷ֧ʹ˵һ㶼ûòڣֱ߹ȥ¡
ںϣƽĺ, ˮϵ׺һյһյʽĺӵ, ڵˮӳյʮɫ
ڷ˼˵Щʲôһʱ˶û˵
ƺûйȥãѾĵȥ˲٣Ѿˡ
Ȼ˵ʦܣ̻𣿡
Сӣôܻ̻
, ʵʦ뿴̻𣿡
ş̌ͷڵĻ˵뿴
˵ʶ˵ܿ䵭Ĳ䣺ڲ뿴ˣȥˡ
ߵȻְסļ򣬰˻ȥ
ˣ˭㲻ʦģ
ʦȵңܡվŲ䣺Һܿͻ
ܿ뿪
֪ʲôãǰš
ųӶ档
ĵƻһյһյϨ𣬺ܿ죬С˺ڰ֮С
֪ʱˣµһ١
չغĵһ꣬⧲ˡ
̾һȻվ󼱴ٵĽŲ
תȥһĻ̻ӳ˵Ц
뿴̻ˡ
ʦ㣬֡
һ統ꡣ
Ļ£һ֡

µһ꣬һ֣ġ
߹ˣſĲʲô̻һһȼŵŮ
еһŮȼմ֮ǰ¶˲õЦݡ
ǶģֻЦݡ
ܿ죬Ůȼˣ˺ڰ
ڰУҲЦݣʵġġõЦݡ
лл㰡
Ҳ֡
šһֻǶ̶̵һڣβƵЦ⡣
ֲ壬˿̵þΪŬ˳ɹãֻǵΪڶչ¶Цնá
ִΪǰߡ
ȴãġ
ա
ĵһ⣬Ի谵ķҫůҲô΢ص֮ϡ
۾Ȼֱ
ҹ֮󱾸붨ȴеľԺлȫ貵̻ǰõЦݡ
ҲЦݣܿƵģһһµģ
շתһҹڰȻһҹ
õġ
һһεķϣͼԼƽһЩʱѡ
ҪŰһ
߹ȥţͿԪĿ԰ҵȵʱԼؿջˣ
šź󣬾˻ȥ
ԪһŰŹϣȻŭ㲻ҸͣҾ͸ߴʦȥ˵ĺҺ°ܶ
ǹ˹Ƶ˵˴ʦ㡣
ȻأԪһʱҲæ׷ʵ
㡣
Ԫ˺ü˰ɣ㻹˵˴ʦ㡣
Ҫһ͵ôȻĴ
㲻˵Ҳ֪
ţ
ԪָָǵЦݣһʦЦһʲô֪ģ
Ц𣿡˵ţ־⻰ԣĿڣҲһֱôЦô
һԪЦһɵ𡣡
ԪϲÿöˣһЩϡŹֵĳƺð
㿴ˡһԼգЦݱסһһ㵭ȥʧ
ԪΪ⣬̲סʣһʼ˵ϲʦǿЦأû뵽Ȼİ
ҴӲ˵ٻء
Ź֡
֪֮㲻ʲôˣڿ˵Ǳӡûʵ
ϲ
ֻ뿴շת࣬Ȼˡ
շתҹʱ뵽
Ԫϣ󷽵ȻˣҾͲƽһǶˡ
л
ԼֵԪ˵ţ˵С߸磬֧ȥѴʦҿǸǴʦҲĵģ
ϲ⻰ʣԼã
ͣȥô죬˵ʦһʱж٣ʦˣԪ߷߲ƽ˵ôطˣ䲻Ǵʦ㣡

ԪûвŹֵ񣬻ڲͣ٣Ǵʦ϶Ǳյɱ˫ۣһʱĿԣС߸ͣһҪôʦת⣡
Ŷ
ĲɵӦһ
ܲ˵Ԫķܣü˵
ǸԪ
ԪӺϲƺ鸮óһ֧λҾѡģˡȥ͸ʦ㣬֪⡣
۳ɫһ㵫ʤھµΣĬһ£Ȼ鸮ҹĺݸԪ
Ҫĳ߰ɡԪߡ
Ԫ죺𿴲ϰʦãʦÿɿˡһ㶼Ůӡ
ɢ̧ۿ㼸ʱʦΣ
Ԫ
ȵԪ뿪ûҲ˷䣬Ȼӭײ
ͷеһƯΡ
ͬк
˵ʦõκƯ
ҲáЦţ¶һĽ׵ıݣԪʦ͵
ԶܸܵĿġԽ¥뿪ջһŮǷǳ
һ಻λˡ
ֵЦôô
һʱһת۾͹ȥˡ
ʱ֯ǻǽţȴٳٲԪ
أ
һȦҲû֪
ָϣв֮ɫ
ʱԪ޾ɵ߽˿ջģʣʲôȥˣ
Ԫæҡҡͷ
Ǹزסµģһ̾С˵Ҹȥˡ
֪
ſǽˣҶλһʦһ֧ȥǸС̯λȫûˡԪѵ˵̯˵иµȫˡ
Ŷ
ʲô˰ǣһһѵλȥС￪ģõó֡ûλԪ˵

˵ǰɣ
û֨
ʱѾŵ뿪ס˼յĿջԪæȥ
Сݱǽţ󴦴һ
ˡ


43 
, бһ죬һ, ֻΪʲôأ
סͣ, Ƶ, Ų΢, λ

ǵã˵в֮, ħ
Ҳָ˱
⵹˼
ǰȥһ뷨߳С˵ģǵʦʦǻǽš
˰Ρ˵Һʹʦһȥɡ
ǽŵӽҵǰȴҪ񣬲ɡʦ, 봥Ź𣿡
ʦҲδҵ
ʲô
ʦ㡣
˵Ȼ֪Ǵʦ㣬㻹ҽа壿

ɹҭס֮ŴʦְʦʦǶ˼仰֮󣬱űȥ, , 㿴Ӱˡ
ŴʦˣʦʦǲһϾʦڣһֱǵʦҪϸ
ǽŵĵһһհʱ䣬صǽšصϼ֪ʦͼλʦ֣ȴʦʱʦĺ֮, ˡ
һߡ
ڲ߲ݵĸһհ·ҹʱͣЪϢ
ֻһˣûôིˣǻĽҰ룬ҲǴõġ
̧󣬿ٶȾϿģ߲ݵҹһ൱·̣ĲƵȴɲ
ʹţĿĵػ൱һξ롣
ָ÷ɵ½ء
½һƬ֮ء
ħԨҲǶ
뵽ħԨͲɵһͣеǶξٴγԺУɫЩѿ
һֱиͣǾԲħԨǱܵġ
ħԨ֮ӡħԨҲһӡ
ֻѾûħٴħԨˣ˶ħĿ־ڣʤߵĿ־塣
ħԨ⣬һƬ⻹ҪߵĲë֮أֻ겻ıɽѩԼڱ֮Żޡ
ħԨ֪ҲΪֹˡϾħԨӡ꣬ΪôЩϢ֪
ֻϣһεıУյվħԨ

ʼ߷ӡɶ
ԭзӡΪӡеĴΪ˼䡣ӡɶϰĴҲʼ
Ԫһգһֻߵķӡ˼䡣
֣࣬ƾӡల£ƽⱻƣĺ޷롣
Ϊ˽·ӡά˼ƽڶŶɳ˵аǽš
ڵȵ뿪ǽŻڵɽĵڶ죬˶顣
Ҫȥ
ϾĿĻûдﵽȻǵʱڴʦǰˢˢڸеġ
ʱ·ߣ
ûкʱ죬ڵ伮мһģһı
伮ϼأϵûԷˡ
뿪½ֻһݣΪݡݵعϡ챦죬رǽȥ˼ݡ
룬ȷȥ˼ݣͣפڼĶǣǡ
ݵعϡˣȴסڴ˵ԭһߡ
ϵǣԭϡٵıǣ౾óطʿ
ǴǳȺӣռ˱ΪĿջҪѵóһΣҪš
ʱĴ֪ǶΪ˼ɽġħԨҩݡ
˵ڼɽҩݣһɵǧ𡣶˵ΪΪʳЩǰɽȥһһȴָʿǰͺ̡
һҩݰˡ
ȴǰȼð߲ժʿΪħԨҩǰͺ̡
ħ֣ƫƫȴħԨ챦ߣ뵹Ϊ̡
ſڶ¥ϣſջ¥µĴջڴ˸̸۵ʿձ㲻ټԼĪڼɽˡ
Ǵ󵨵ðߣûʲôܹÿ־ģ򼫱ɽֹձϼɽһ̽
ţ߳˿ջΪδȥɽҪӶһλΪ·
ʱһСܵǰ
ǸոռûõССݵģһԵԲ۾źǻ顣
ʵ㣬ҲҪȥɽҿԸָ·ģˣֻܰɽ£ܸһϼɽ
һļ綬СźļааѾܾˣϴúܸɾ
ԼĪǼҾãˡ
˭Ǵأûƽô࣬İɫ˼ӣݸС
Сû뵽˸ɴ࣬üЦĽӣĵлл㣬ԽС֨
šһ
С֨ᣬúöһ·˵ͣҲ֪ǴʲôʱʼԭֻħԨҩݣȻɽȥˡԣ˺öɽժҩء
㣬ǶǳȺӵģֻнһˡһɣȻҲϼɽ
עһֱûС֨ϣС֨Ļ·ϿһۣȷҲֻһ˵ġ
С֨죺㣬һɽҪסɽɽĶ£ԾԲܿŶ
Ϊʲô
ΪɽĶ¡šȥˣͻزŶ
ţлѡ
ˡ
Ѿͣ˼ɽɽ¡
С֨һСһɽΪСܻ֨ȡ
С֨æ˵˽һҪµġҺͽһȥɣҺܻ飬Ͻȡ
ˡ첽ɽߣΣգûĹ
ǿɲһأ㡣С֨ĽŲҴôɽֻһ˰
ûС֨ĺ䣬̤ۻƵļɽָŷ
Ķ޵ĺԼ仹˵ĲҽɽɽݷΣޡ
ûзϣҲûײǰ㲻ܡ
ָһ·϶δޣʱշ׷Ʈѩ
Ųס
ܰããһƬʧ˷Ϊڻζ泯ĸһĲƵʡ
ããһƬ̽ɫУֻ㱣ʱѩɢŵĹâҩݡ
һûеġ
һΪɢǰĻ
ߴŮĺС塭
ɫġ
ŵǰȥŰµŮվԶ֡

뿪ߺδܹټסϾ߱ӡĴܽĴܳ

ǰһҪʱĽŲסˡ
ֱ̧֣ɫǰһγֵĻþɢ
þɢŷ֣ǰһƬ׵Ԩ
ֻҪһôȻʬ޴档
ɳɳĽŲС
ָ㶼ߵ˵ħԨԵˡȥɣ
С֨צ֣ݺݵһ


44 
ûƶ
ޱ顣
ħС֨ˡ
תϸָ, סС֨ӣֱƫ, ͣС֨ԨϷ
С֨ˡ
Լ֪, ôģ͵Ϯ㣬ֱҰС֨
С֨ҴǰЩԼȥģ˭֪ҳһ, һô죿
ۿܻȵС֨΢侲һ֮, ŵʮ, δħǺģСָ֨ԭͣǿɰұŹ㡣
ܣ΢俴ҵҾȥҲԲʮСŭ˵ķŭӾ, ϵźҲԽŨҡ
С֨ʼ, һֱץӵֻϸϡ
߬֡
ǣħϢô
ǣ
Ǻܾúܾǰˣõδ, õʵǰӺݳʱϣһģһĺ
ʱɻϵΪλ, ڵǻȻʡ
Ҳħô
ţּźʼʴϸָƣסС֨Ĳôʱ뷴ô
ϢʹഫС֨ϵţһ˫ֲϵİսֱ֣һһѪܵצۡ
ԭͣ㲻Ҫɱҡδ˵꣬˫ִ˾ʹ
ֱѪǱϵħΪǿڡ˫֣ת˲ʧ١
С֨ŵ۾
ǰŮˣʲôˣ
Ҳû뵽ħѪˣûлˡ
ֻáǲһ죬Сֹ֨ͣ
֣С֨׹׵Ԩ֮С
ָ⸧ֱѪ˿ڣѪĸС֨ϵħû֡
ĴȥǰԨһʱ顣
Ӳ֪ħôֹ̲߳ס룬ħĻôȻܹͬһͨһǱ䣬ô½ϣ᲻Ҳħڣ
ܴοħ
ϣжħ
ǷҲħĴڣ
ֻз䡣

صǣѾҹˣۻƵļɽãײ˺üͷªǿޣǴˣɽ
ҹıһƬžվڿһ˵ĽֵϣŰȴз䡣
Ҳ֪ǳУֲŶħ
ա
붨۾˴ѶͲҪϵŷ飬ѯΪλʧء
ŷܿӴѶͲдΪƣС塣ģ
ݣǡ
Ҳȥ˼ݣ
Ҳ͵ġʦ֣Ϊʲô˵Ҳ˭ڼ𣿡
С壬ʦǧҸ㡣ȻڼݣôҲˡŷƣͷ
ü㵹˵˵˵ϡ
˵ˣһҪ侲𣿡
˵˵˵жϵˡͷˡ
Ǳ߳Ĭ˺þá
ŷĳĬĪĿʼͲָʼڲ
·ȥһôãŷ˵ˣʦˡ
ЩеͲ顣
Ҳ֪ô£ʦǴʦͻģͻʱҼѾܲʦϵˡ
ܲζΪɢ
ŷ˵ʦֻ˵ʦǱ͵ϮȻ¾뿪ˡǱΪʦҽΣʦܻˡ
ʦ˵ʦΪ޷ɽֵģڼɽħ
ѹڷϣʣǺɪʦ𣿡
Һʦ˵ϢǴȥϼȻԣûŷңȻʦܿԽ飬ΪʲôҪˣ
ʱŷ顢ĺˣʱʦ󣬱һ𳤴ģ꣬Ǳ˴Ųɡ
šһ˵ҪйŹ֡
ȻϣɪпҪΪʦӣɪд˼ѱʦûб뷨
һԭĺ
ŷŷĻԼĺҲǲɪֵġ
ʦΪλ뷨ҲԸȥ
һʮǰʧǰԺɱʱɪɪпֽܶţԼɪ飬ȫŷ顣
ŷ鲻ʦѾãɪ֪ҲֻͣʦСʦõĻɣɻ
ʦܲ鵽Ϣޣʦ֣ҲΪҲһ˵̷壬鲻ʲôǽ̷֮ǰأ˳߲ȥջ񡣡
֪ˡ
Ĭ˱ۣ·𿴼˲ֻ޷˵ǰߣ޷ͷ
෢۵̫Ѩ˵ʦ֣ˣҲΪ˵ħֵǣ˼ɽȴʧˡ
Ϊɽħĵ̡ŷش𣺡ħӰжϡ
üͷҪҵħ
ǱߵŷĬһ£ʦܻԴ˽⣬֪ͨʦܣϡ
𡣡æ˵һϵʦֵġʦ֣Ҫæ
ҲСֻС壬Ҫˡŷ˵ʦڶ񻯣סΪɢҲֻʱ⡣
ŷ̸ƣɻ˴ϡ
ʦܲδ֪ħȻָƱҪħõֵġ
ʦֵ֣Ҫֽħȥܷġ
ŪһϵãίʵЩ鷳Ϊֻ֪һħʲôӡʲôطȫһ֪
̾˿ȻóѶͲͼϵʦ֣֮еģʦûлӦ
㲻Щһ˼ɽǽɽҩȫˣҳħ
뿪˿ջǰɽƳһϤӰ󣬽Ųס
ղСʦһ˼Ӵİۣһĺɫ멣üĿ续¡Ц޺ǰС˵
żûõСﴩһϴ÷׵ĺļаĺɫԲ۾鶯żΪ顣
˼
С֨˵磬ҲҪȥɽҿԸָ·ģˣֻܰɽ£ܸһϼɽ
һӣС֨ġ
С֨üЦҽܣлл磬ԽС֨
Ǿ鷳С֨ˡЦһ޺
С֨ƺʲô
öԼֱС֨˵˾䡰ÿ޴ϲ
ɵӡ


45 
ɽһͦľ, ǹ⿿ߣһʱ
һʱС֨ߴߴͣ, һֱ˵, Цᣬרעߵ̬
ڣС֨˼ɽ
Ҫһɽ˵ɽΣ, С֨ͲҪͬˣǳʲôΣ, ɾͲˡ
С֨ϵЦԵ߻ص, æ˵ûϵģ磬ҿɻˣҴôɽֻһŶ
ʶԼ˵ʲôæס졣
͵ûһ䣺С֨Ȼˣ鷳ˡ
鷳鷳С֨˿, ࿴ʵ, ϵĺƭ
ǸŮˡ
С֨˸벻룬Ȼһ;ǸŮ˾
ɽ, Ҳĸţ˺ܾúܾãڼ䲢δޡ
ȵһξ, շ׷ѩ֪ǵˡ
վԶķǱ߰ããһƬʲôûС
ῴʲôأ
ǵȥˣǲǵþһʦְȥոʬ
ǱߣһƬããıѩغȻһƬҩݣɫƽ
С֨Աţʵ̫ˣҩݣȫǸˣ
ƽ˵ˡ
С֨㰲ˡ
׿þ֮մ뿪ŹֵĵطȻһЦ
ãȻ̧ȥ
С֨ܿƵģһһģŶȥ
һ
ס˺
ʦܣͻǴ͸˲⣬ůϣ
Ȼ
ǰһƬããֵͷȥֻҪǰһôͻԨʬ޴档
С֨ʱͷƤ顢ëʶİܣѾˣΪֱ
ʲôСּ֨ˣ𣿡
С֨᣺ô㰡
Լûߵű԰ЩС֨ôôĳЦ
ִ鸮óһעС֨˸ʵ
߹ȥʮָм˵ţ˴ʦ㼰ʱϵҿܱҪɥȪлʦ㡣
ʱûȥС֨Ϊʲô
Ҵʦѽ˵ʿԼĪϼɽұˡ
ȻһξѾǻþΪʲôֻᱻƭ㿴ʲô
΢Цʲôû
ΪλҪǰߣ
ʦ㲻һֱҵôЦ޺볢Գԣʦ㱣ζ
о񣬷ȴҲûصȥ𴩣뿴ҪʲôǱ˳Ȼ
㲻˵ˡ
û˵
ʵ˵ģҲٻ
ȷҲˡ
һƬڵҹɫУڵ˫۵ĲһŮ¶ĲЦݡ
֣˵Сߣѽ
һ̣֪ڲԶţõЦУһһǰȥ
ͷ᲻ͣԼҲ֪
С֨ǰƵԼλá
ţֲΪǸЦݲõΪǰ
Ǵʦ㰡
ĺһһ̣ʶĳЩδĵطѿˡ
ЩȳġŨҵġ޷ƵС
ЩֻԴʦС
ЩţģƵϲá
ʶ߬ƺҪѹŵС
֪ѾƫԭĿģûĶǷ֮ˡ
Ⱑ
֪ʱˡлİУͣС֨뵽˯ͷ
ôҵħһħֱˡ
С֨¼ǰ£ΪҪæ˵ңұ㿴
Ҳ뿴ˡ
ҡ
һ⣬ˣͷ㡣С֨һһ䣬ֺݣǴ𲻳ұ㽫⼫ɽޡҲ뿴Լϵһһı˺ɣ
С֨ûĥ۾ŵĿ
һ䡣ţʦʱҲǺ񶾴ʦǱʵģСŵá
С֨סⲻ٣ʣ㣬ħںδ
ô֪ħԨҩС֨㵵ķʡ
಻֪ħô΢ϲԣظħںδ
С֨죬˵
üͷ΢塣
ü˵ʦ㣬Ұ㽫ȥιޡ
˵ţȥС֨С֨һһ
ˡ
ƫͷС֨۾кЦ
С֨ţּһֱֱ¹ȥȻ˶ϡ
ס˵˵˵ȥˡ
ҾǸˣҲòС֨ɥ㣬Ҳǳģסͱңֱȥˡ
ȻİС֨ȥޣʵȻҪʵġ
̧С֨°ͣɫŨһīɫһ׵Ԩ
С֨񽥽͡
վһߣҲŨīɫһ˫ΪƯ۾ģڵ貵ǹ⣬⻪١
С֨Ļ
ħ֮أڼɽħԨ򣬱ޗأ˵ˣħ׿
νħԨ
С̧֨ͷ͵¶˽ӲЦݣȥħԨ
ԨʣħΪħԨҩ
Ϊħܹħɵκ˿ڣħС
ٿ߬
ˣôʦΪħˣ
Ų۾Ŀ⣬ֲܿƵɻʦҪħԨѰħ
šͷ
С֨ȻʶԼ˵ʲôɫҰףǿ˵ûܹӶȴģ
سŵߡ⿪С֨ϵӣ´ץűιɽްɡ
С֨ûˣһʱҲ˲˵ʲôˣæգۼʧǰ
ʱ˵ʦҪħԨ㲻÷Źħ֡
ǲı壬ֻһɱҲûá
ʦô֪ģ
ΪѾɱһˡƽԼһĨ⣺Сħֱƭҵģ׾ӵֶΣҵʶơ
ʦǼᶨΪþԣʵ̫ˡ΢˼һ£˳ңֻܵŴʦȡ
Сʱ֪ܳһס
òеСʦܣֵġšһ֮󣬱һһ߽¡
̧Ÿֻ벽̧֣һƣܽȥ
һһԾ
ķӦǣӲǽӰиק˻ҴԶ
ʦ㻹ȫȻղŻ۵ȥ
˵ʱʱỺģǵһּ
ʣҪħҲԼȥ


46 
ʱ, òװǽţֱĥһʱ䡣һξΪϧ
, ۾գһ¾ȥǾ
ʦôԼѵòǵûӻһ
գһ۾, ˼Ȼ˵ʦܣ˵, ʦòꡣ
ĵЦģ, ȻûĻϡҲ, Լ, ƾʲôҪġ
еļ¶ȴ
ô¶Ц, һ޺ʦȻһǱ, һȴʦġֻҪʦܻ, ҵȶöء
Ŷһ
һһɿס֡
Ϊճĺ, Сʦܵû׽ġ
´ٺˡ
ۿһһǰߣߵ±ϵʱ䲻Ŀڣʦɥڴ, ұȻǽţߴʦǣʦҡ
ңĽŲھԨһ֮ңĵطͣ¡
ǡҡظ
ţȻЦˡ
ʦܣվڶ±ߣЦݲõĳ֡
ȻЦ
֮࣬Եĳ˹ȥ
ůС֣ס౻紵һ֡
Ƶů, ˡ
ٿĿ
ΪϵһͷɫɫϵļʦܣǾһҰ
û㱣űקסƵֻٿŲ׹ʧظдȻѡ
α֪ƭŮˣԼҪ˾ȻҪһ
ּʶϷǿѹȸУ޲ߡ
֮Уס֣ĵ¶ȣʱİĸо
һ㿴·һɫĴţڸѹȸд֮ʣ׹ǵš
ԭһƬڵĻȻŤĿĽʵı˫ۣʱǰǻȻһ¡
ƬǺҹĵطϹŵģȴһѪ¡ѪɫĹԣ綼˹ĺɫ
ħԨ
Ұߣգ·ԶϣѹеģԶ಻ľ
ܲϲط
ϲů
ʣطһռ
ţط翴ͦÿͷȥСʦɫ԰ףлδȥľ֡
Ŷŵˡ
۸Сʦܵ£ʦСõӦ֡
ôʦǺôӵġЦ𣺡ǵİĵΪβĸͷһأ
ˣٱ¶Լȴû뵽̶̵һ죬ѾοƲסԼˡ
ġ
֣ЦһħԨһ伫ˣʦԼαңʦ㲻ҪˣһҪ
ⲻûôһָĵ˵Ϊ㲻һصصһʦֽҵĴš
Ϊңûңʦֱô
㲻˵ôҵÿӻ
һ㶼ĻǴʱȻʦħԨǾħʲôʱħȺ֮оҲӻġ
ҹһʦһϾֻһ˿ţȻ졣
ʦʲô˼ƶһ
Ȼѽ
Ըƨ
ôôϧ˭ŵ¶
ʦܣǲֲʦ㡣
ʦΪʦƺô
룬е㵱𣬵Զʱ򣺡ʦܣͱ˵ģƽʱˡ
Ȼֹ
ڼƢạ́ԴغĺƢһû
һ߸Լǰ¶ԡһֿƲסԼȻˬ˵
Ǿͺˡ
ûеҡ
ڱһʱԡ
ҭסõļ˵СʱʲôУһĿ⸱ģҲȡҵǻ˳۲١

Ϊҿôʦء
ʦ㵱Ĵء侲´޺ߣţұ㲻ˡ
ŲҪһ̫ΣˣʱʱҪ㻨ϧ
һץסվסΪΪʲôҪ浱ҪҸ汳ģ
ôأҲҶײʦ㡣ȻʦһҪô룬Ҳû취֮عỺᡣ
ԽԽˬ
˭ء
Ҫ
˵ΪȻħС֮֨ǰ˵ޗءʱһȥ軣㣬ֻΪҲɵħá
Ϊʲôȥ軣ʦȥժħüͷ΢壬ǲǿ
򲻹軡ƽĳʵ
Ĭ룬ȻֿϿҵ˵ʦ㲻Ǵʦ㣬ӭѶϣ
ȻˣǾ߰ɡ˵űǰߡ
߳һξ֮󣬲ŷź෴ķߡ
׼ʲô񾭣ֻת׷ȥȻʣ𣿡
֪ҲδӦʦҪһͬȥ򡣡˵ʦôб£ԼһҲԵġ
ûѡݵΪֻҵĴţܴ뿪ħԨ
ʦôҲŮ֮ҲẦ£һʦġ
ǹĿڵûͦ졣
ʶʱΪܡ
Ǹıߣ
ߡָָ֣ķ
ʵҲ֪ߣû
ǴʦҪôȥأ
ȻҪʦѽ·ɡ
δôħԨ֮ħǵøӵģٲãܺƭС֨ǰ֪ħֵء
֪룬Ȼ·Ҳ˸ߡ
ħԨ䣬䣬Բûʲô㲻һˡ
ǹ˺Ĵ멣ĴɫһһĲ԰
󷢴ȱ˵ԲĲԶˣ
û˵ʲôŲߵߡһĺƱɢһ㡣
Ӳ֪ԭʱ򣬹Ǵڴʦߣůġ
ڵĻǱѪ£ѪƺһֱǵͷЩһԭ̤Ĵ
ãܻľɫһһĸı䣬ԼĪʱ䣬һ޴ĳǳس˶ǰ


47 
ħԨĳǳ, ˼ĳǳزֻǱ֮˼ĳǳأħԨĳǳҪԵø󡢸ӡֺꡣ
ǳû, ǰȥһѼӲĳǽ֮Ӳ
˸æ˻
δ֪, Ĳ, ȥǽ, һʦ, ȥˡ
Ŷ̧߽ǳء
Ƶĸ
߽ǳغ, Ųͣפ˳ſڣųǳ˹ȥ
ħഩɫǻһֱ̬, еһԶ, еһ˫צеֱһͷ
ͷǸħô
, ϵϢ֮, ȥͷ̯λԶʲôĴϣ̯ȻǼħܰ㲻һ, ԲĻᣬͬ
ħհģúܣٿħצҲǸնģմѪءλȲұλ, Σ
һħԨ˼䵹Ҳûʲô𣬲Сһ顢ƵҲ˼һ
𾪵ĿǶԾ˵ǸհħǸҪˡ
СƨƨߵĵǶ԰װ׵ħӹԴһ
ͷĶ䣬һʱһѾֹĿ
Ц᣺Ǻÿ͸ѽ
ħԨҲԷĸĿڡ
Բͬ࣬һĲʬ
Ϊʲô˵أΪ˵˵𣿡ˣʵʵôƺ
ţѡʲôƫƫѡһԺͷϣֲԼûСһʱЩá
ƤЦⲻЦĻشֻ룬øСѡʲô͸ȽϺá
ϲħצ
͸ûһԺһԺɫĶ䡣
öΪʲôǺڵģ
ǺõĶ䡣С̽ܵҲǸհģ˿ԺħŴһһ
֣̾ˣ
Ҳ㣬ʲôƯЦ޺ҪҰ𣿡
źõĶ䣬Ŀݡ
ûеõӦһʱҲĬ
˼̧ͷԴȻüͷ΢΢

ԴյǰüʲչȻһԺɫöԴϡ
С˵ϹԶ̫ʺˣλħν䣡
ô
䣡
Žɵĸӣ뿪һ·Ҫʱʱ̧ͷһĶ䡣
ϲĻҿ͸㡣
أ̯˵ˣ㡣˵ţԼһͻأİ˵ϵҲҪˡ
ãϻźɫĴ멣Ͳһˣȫ¶ǰɫģһƬɫУ׵ÿ췢ˡ
Ѿвٵ·ħʼ˻ȥ
ףʦʱų
߽һҳµ꣬ɫȹӡ
վһ߿ţ̲ס廰㣬ǼȽʺ㣬ˡ
еȹ˹Ƶĺɫȹݸ
궼һϮưۣûʲôرĸݸĳȹȥ
ոջ˳ȹմųȥžͱˡ
𣿡洫
šһȻһ˫ɫ廨Ь˽
廨Ьݸ֮󣬾͹ؾص˳ȥ
۵ĽŲȽɫ廨ЬУ滹һë
ͦ
䣬֮ǰ¶Ͳƽˡ
ƿ˳ȥ
ſڣŵɢ̧˹ȥ
궼һصĽưۣ⻹ǵһοɫѣɫĺɫҲǰһ
źȹȹڵĽɫ߶ħԨĳȹǽŵĽưۣȹճŮߡ
Ŀϸ֫ͣһ˲ܿջĿ⣬Ѿˣ㣬߰ɡ
ͷһ䣺㲻»ô
أд멡ݲȵĻش
ǽŸӵ强ޣ˶ʱǮʱѾȫùˡ
ҪʯĳҪѪ޹ˡ
ƺҲԡ
˼ţ˵ħԨеģͦһ
š
ұΪ̤ǣȻһսãħȺ֮Ҳδ֪ϾԶ׼ʿƱӦûעġȴδ룬ǲ䣬¡ȴĪ˹ֵ˵
ȻҲǶɱɱҲΪܹҵķܹƽദȻǺһ׮
عרĻشʣµƹ䣬˵ħԨ֮ӡ֮ħԨħĶǣħɢ룬ǻలµվҲԭ򡣡
ȷͦɣһͨƹ񶼿ʼħԨ¶ͬˡ
пҲǶħԨ֮ӡʱȻ
ǿɲһ
ħԨ֮δӡȻΪħԨ֮ǲžллˡ
Īǽ㻹ΪħԨܴ֮󷢴ȱǣ˵ħԨ֮űˡ

ɲôԼ
Źֵʲô˼û˵
˵ڻ˵䣬ʡʲô
ǲҪ֪ʱԼˣ˻⣺ѾȥܾˣǻûħԨֻкҹô
ħԨûҹ
ǶѾߵ˳ǳһѪ»ǵͷһ㡣ѪºܴɢѪɫԣ綼ʼѪɫС
ԣħԨûа죬Ҳûкҹ
ãȥȥйһſڻϡ
ȵȡ
ţ
ͷϵ˿Ѳ䡣Ͽҵ˵
Ĳˣ
鸮һɫ߽һ
øߣվǰ̾ͷһӰüһ
޹޺ʲôֲ㡣
˵ʲô
Ǹ
һߵǸһǰһȻеĺɫĳϣһƯҷĽᡣ
û뵽ң̧ȥǸͬʱõ˭㲻ʦģ
Ǹøӵģû·ĳ춼û
ֻǾýƯѡƣס֣𳶻˰ͷ
Ŀ֣˵ĻѾð˺ڡ
ݵ˿ڵʪģ޹ίĿһƬ⣬û뵽
˵ʱͷë׵ĺɫöһһεģ֮峺һȡ۸ĸоҲ۸۸Ŷ԰
۸ⲻǰɡ
ȻǺã
ûװǹתƻ⣺ʲȽ
˵֮ת첽뿪
ıӰʧǰૣĶô
ѵռ˴ϷΪá


48 
ħԨĻ, ţħԨضħȻע, ȥҲܿߣԣȻֻѡ
һȦ, û͵ֻ͵ֻħޡ
ǵһοħ, Ҳʲŵ֪ħԨ, ħǶħ޴ħ޿ǧ, ٶȼ졣
ë, ֻƺϲֻħ޶ڶ㣬
ޱһǵëȻǣħȥſϡ
ѵȺڳſ, Ȼ, ü续, £ǵþħԨƵƵȥ
ֻǸСĺ, ŮӴħԨ֮, £ÿСħħԨ͵ȵɣǿħǿ°Сħżʡ
ط, ϶ֵÿϷģȡħһ²ɵ첽˹ȥ
ۼŮӻ߹ʱŮǾ۸ǲõĿ˹ȥûֻ𣿡
˵ʱͷĺһһġվԱߣôȻôˡ
ë׵ģѩװ׵ģ
ʵĿյͷǶħˣͷǶԶǻʵľβ
ĹͷڶûȤȤģ㡣

ħԨŮǰ
㣬Ķôģ
ʡ
ҲţŮ˵˵ҲУβٱһ£
ľβ֪˭Ǻ̡
ûŮӣ˵ˡ
㾹ңŲűĶ䣡
ĮĿһۣԣ
ŮһѶ̶̵ذס
һѳ
Ůӣҵţ
ȵŮ뿪ˣĺã˽㼰ʱϵ־һΡ
ûûȤ
Ŷ
ԷĽӹеǣֻħߡ
ֻųħ޶Ǳֳ˼ϲգ˷ܵòС
ʳ˱𣿡
Ը£Ȼǻá
ʸ·ˣ㻹ôã

ĸߣ
ߡ
㷭ħޣ˵ȵȡ
ôˣ
ķɢˡ
εĿ˸ôӵĽᣬôܻɣ
ˣҰá
Ŷ
Ӧ̴ߵǰ֣װģİųϵĺ۾ȴһֱͷѩë׵Ķϡ
֪ŮһĶ䡣
ź޲ͷĺɵţ·һ
ǼٵģҲᷢ֡
˳һһ
ըˡ
ôĹ
Ͻ֣˵
µ֣˵һߡ
һĳ߹ȥ
ʶһԼҪȻݵ˵һٶô̫Сˣҵģ¶ԡ
˵ţǶԺɫöſſ
һģģ
һֻקסգһֻקסĶ䣬ʹ¶û
һץס֡
һߵĶ͸ˣҲ֪ǱģǱģֻʲôԭ
㣬͹˰ɡһᣬ͸һ˿ҧгݣŤ
˦֣˵ٸҲʦ㣬һиֵġ
ǡһ㣬ʵһ󡣡

ֻǽľ֮ͶѡģԼƵ˵ȵõħܰԶ͸𣿡

ҧҧͷĺŲͣŲڰĶ
ֶ񶾰
ǲ˰ɡ
ˡ
һֻħޣȥħ޺ųһֱ˦Ҫ˦ȥ
ϵëë׵Ĵ˵ٸҶӶˡ
Σգŵħ޶ԹԵĲˡ

ħ޶۸Ĵʦ㡣
˵ħ޿ǧħԨϣ֮ħԨҹʱԵȤ
ֲǵڼյĲ߲ݣܻľɫڱѩǣѪҲԶԶ˦
ҲԶ׼ƣ
˵ǹһǳرͣϢգû뵽ôľĳǳָ
Ҳͳ
ҲڣĿĵڵˡ
ǽħް˱⣬Ȼһ·ѩıȥµİѩɱı㣬ΧҲԽԽ͡
ͣ˽Ų
ôˣʣ˵ʱʱ˰ɢڿС
䡣ħԨ裬ҲԵġηֵʱ˵ǲס
ҲǣҲǸħԨĴħͷҲֻǸͨ˰ˡ
ħǵ
վûɫࣺ㣬ǵĺģȥǶᶳ
ʦûи߹㡣
ʲô
ץסѾû֪֣ʦѡ֮Ӱ
ңͲ
ĺУֵ¶ů
ס֣¶ĴȫС
Ҳ֪Լôˣ֪ǰΣķԸ
ԳţѵԴʦĸѾôôȥҲҪһ
һ㶼
ƫͷȥžܽŮӣûʲô飬һ˫ƯĲֻרעĿǰıѩء
룬ʱס֣ףγԱȵģȴǴʦ޲ɫ
һ㶼ǣʲô
أ
Ʃ磬ܵľٶ
ûüϸȥвõˡ
æǸ
ƬȫǲĺأһԹԹ߹հƣȴʼҲ·
֮£ֻʱͣЪ
¡
ԴԴϵ¶ȴߴôڣ˵Ϊ˼·ҷÿһսǶһۡǸط˵ѾˣѾطΡ
һֱȥûκģԣһ뷨
عʣʲô
һֻһֱŻݱΪƽء

ʦ治Ǵʦ㡣
԰ɡҪս軡
ɡѻݱӸǱĿǡ
˵·
Ŷ

˻ݱ
΢Ϣһ֮վ·³
۲ΧĵΣһ˵ֲý߲ȥԭ󷨡
Ϊʲô˵ͷӬһײгɾ͸ô
ȻܸŶЩʲô޹˵ΪͽһЩʱѽ
ѽͷϽ·
Ŷ
лҪ˵ǣ(w)


49 
ɱһһıԶԶ˦, ߻ȻʵͬʱҲԽԽ͡
֣˵ԽԽ, 㶼ůˡ
㻻ֻǣ˵ţߵһߣС֡
̣˫¶һԾ, ȻȻס֣ȻֻǱô
š
˼ǰ˺Զľ, ʱǰһıѩߵ˾ͷ, ΪͷһƵľ޴㡣
Ѿû·ˡ
γݱҪ, ľ, æס㣬嶯ǵһʲôջҲһ
һ鷳, ǰѽ
ѾȥΧ쿴ˣֻðĴһΡ
Ҳ֪µıж
ţ̽Ŷ˶, ûȶ
ûȲƵı
Զ쿴µı, ֱмϸСѷ졣
ȥ, ͷųһ, Ҫ֪һ±Ǹʲô
ջơ
桭ƺǿյģ
֣һѵ, æȥֻһŲȿˤ˱

治Ǵʦأ˶ߺ󣬳ʽôر
ˤû뵽һעϣȻĲһ±棬ˡ
ħԨıǼðαӵİɡ
Ǳһһģһ
òܲܶԼһ֪

鲻ٵġ
ոסΣͼ䵽Աߡ
أͿȻôͷµڣǺܿҵħˡ
öѡձߴ鷢򶨵˵ŵĶеҲ֪᲻ᾪʲô·һҪСġ
нڣһƽµġ˵ţǣס֣һ·ǰߡ
߽խĿȥһںıµ̨ףΨһĹͷһŲȳı
ǲ̨ףǰһƬȡ
˶֮ˣĿǷڰҲʲô¡
û뵽һƬ֮£ŵľȻ˾޴ĵع̨׵ĳȣȾԲǳ
ֻϣħ
Ϊʲôħִأ
ûлش
ʲ㲻˵
ڰĻУֻʣỺĽŲ
Ȼһ
ôˣ
ϲڰĻΪܲ
ƺǲˣҡҡ˽յ֣βЦ㣬ҾԱء
ʱ˳̨ףڽŽӴ֮ʱ˵ĽŲԼͬĶסˡ
ΪϳȴǵĽŲ⣬ʲôз΢ɳɳ
һ֣һɫʱһƬռ䡣Ҳ÷һֻֻϻҪССӣ֯һŴǷ
նŴգۼʱ䣬ԭķѵСӱ
ϡ
Ҳϳˣüͷ΢΢㣬ǵ˵мСӡ
֪ǺҲ˳ˮ۰ˡ֪ϣɪǫģǫԼʲô
ȴδ룬СӣħԨ
ħԨӡ꣬˵ǲٳħԨĶˣԣɪʲôݣ
ħ
ģԭħλħ뺦
˭
˭ȻǫѲ˸ϵǿԣһ˲ˡ
˸˼ܿϽߣһЩϸס
ϵˣƾǹȥġ
ЩϿ˰ΣȻƣ˿Ⱦġ
һ֣˿ڴѪ㻯ϸѪ飬Щԭ޴ĺ̼ҷ
ȵĿ
ʲôߣ
˭֪ϻᷢʲôȻҪЩ뿪źá
ڳ֮ǰץһѺһƿӽ鸮
ȵסڣȻæȥĵ˿ڡ
ץס֣΢΢üʶ뽫ֳֺȻʲôӲסˡ
ȻĵѪȾָ⣬δκβʡ
˵ħ
ѾֹѪҩģȻ˺һǸɾ۰ڣ˿ϸİ
ôˣܶ˶Լһҧͦȥ⻹ǵһ˸ȻôһСӡ
Щ΢
ȻͿ۵Ŀ𣿡

ͻĹⲻʣҵҡҡͷ֮ͽֳ˻
ô֪ЩѪģ̯ƣҵѪġ
㲻Сʵ˵

ôһ·߹ͱԹ䣬ȻǾ
ǡ
Ȼ֪Ѿᵽˣ̧ǰ𺳵ľ
˿֪ڱı֮£һ˾޴󡢻ĵعԺĹӨ͸ԶԶȥһƷ
֪಻ࡣ
˵Զ˺¡¡죬ƺʲô޴Ĳˡ
۾һǗô
͸Ө͸ı㣬Լһ޴ĺӰںֱײ
ǵġͷȻôħҲڴ˴ˡ
ĶĴѾ˗軣Ĵǡ˻ݱ˵ȥȥħõ֮Ҫͣ뿪عҺܿͻϵ㡣
Ĭһ£˵㣬ʵһҪϵġ
ܺ˵ԣƺʼնӭѶϡ
ȥ͗軴ȡħͷĿΨһħκεıҶΪ

˵֮󣬽ż㣬ڵع֮ϡ
Ȼû뵽߾ˣŭһ㳯˹
Ҳȫò
ƻˣĿͭ壬ͻþˡצڱϻһĻۣһ̣Ƿצӣ㳯ѹ¡
ξ޴ֻһֻצӣֵһ
һצĵϣ֪
Ϊʵٽȥ
Ļݱ뗃軼Ӳצײ˽ײĺ֮
ŷϳëӲͬ᲻ɴݵĿס
ս⡣
ξ޴ԼͷСɣѷ֡
վԭأԶԶĿš
ӣС
ʮأ˵ֻ˫ͬǳ͡Ƿ
̫ˡ
ʮصʱ䲢δ֮ʵ룬ʦԽĺ蹵


50 
뗃սʱ, Ҳûеʱ䣬ܿ˵սСĵĽعС
һ̤룬Ĳ˵ع¶, Ҫ˶ɱ, Ҳá
⺮, ϸ쿴, 䣬عΨһݴʡ
ħֲôͱȻڹ档
, Ƴ˹, ʱ̤һԻ谵أ²ŵ, Ҳɺͨ
ͺͺһƬ, ֻʣ˺ڳɫʣʲôûС
ĽŲȴס
󷨡
ԼĪͱ֮ϵһ, ǵع˲µģλع˵ͦϲЩŶݼ֮
ܲ, ֵȲʦ, Ŷݼ֮, ȴǾͨ
ѹ̤˽ȥ, ƺΪŶݼӵױȵ츳, ⿴Ʒӵ, ͬСһ㡣
ȴ룬￴һΪϤӰ
ʦ֣ĺ
ô
ϸһ, ɪħĺֿɪϵǳĺħԨҲġ
ôĺħԨΪʲôĪҲħ
˼Ժһζһ̣ĺ
ʦ֡
󷨶ʱĺٿĻعͷȥ˿ȥһż벻˭üͷ΢塣
ǽŵĸʦΪʲô
䵭۾ɻ󣬸ɿһ
Ŷʦܣô
ʦȡħұˡԼࣺʦס˗軣Ѱħ
ĺüͷ
ܿ˗軵ۣ˵ع֮󣬵ȴڲó
û뵽СʦһԼȥ軴ˣСʦ󷨡
ĺ桢ɵ˵һʦֳȥȥ󣬻ʦʦһ֮
֪󷨡ĺĻ˵һ룬̾Ҳûбķʽˣ԰ɡ
û׷ĺδ˵Ǿ仰Ǽ
ĺ󣬿ͥŲģһʱԡ
󷨿Ʒƽ˾Σգⲻֻ֪Ҫ̤һ֡
ӻֺĵعΪħ޵ė軣Լ⾫׵󷨡
ع˵ݣĺ˵Ǻ֮δȴ׹ģħ
ңħԨħ֪ħӡ֮ʧ١ڿƣ˵ﻹħ
ħֲµ󷨣˱ϵĵһأȴع֮еĵڶ֮С
ڶ󷨾Բ򵥣Ϊħڴ˴Ļô󷨱ǳ֮Ψһһϡ
Сʦܣô
ţǰ谵ĻȻŤţؼȻһ¡
µ˱غɫħ𰻨֮һƬ޴һ߼ʵĺ
ں֮ϣһһŵĺɫ
ħ
ͬʱҲԶ뗃軿ս
ĺ˵ȥħȥС塣õħ֮뿪Ҫ𣿡
ͷ
ĺס˳ķԭ·ء
ǿ첽Ƭ˹ȥ
ܿ죬ߵ˺ߣһˮгǵĺ
ҧҧǰȥˮȻͨˮûԶֽŶʶҲģ塣

◃軺֡
Ǵò£◃ȴһֱһֵķʽ򡪡һֱڽع
ƫԸӲҪѺ͗軳ŷ
Ǳ߲ʲôȥôڵع֮ϣֳֻݱʡ
ֻǷŭĳ˻
ħô
ֻߣʲô
С֨˵ħӡ֮ǰħµޡ
Ѳɡ
Ǵħͷ𣿡
軺һŭĳ˹
ܹվ˗軵ϣݺݵľסĲ
Ҵ㣬ȥӵ
ܴ˴ŭȻѡСΣ⧲ˤǿסκ󣬱һϤ
С壡
һʦְ
ôأ
õħ𣿡
ʦȥˣһ֮
ʶüħͷô
ۼ±ė軽ߣӳһ󣬱㳯Ǹ˹ȥ
ĺ彣˵ܹȥ󷨣
һתͷŗ軳˹ȥ
ʼʩľס軵ĲҪƷ
ҲʼʩĺߣС֮١
ĺİɹ˗軵ͷϣȻʹǸȥ
ŭėӵо޴ƻǾϰʱϴĳ󷨣ɲǼ䱻ٻ
ҲǴ
Ҳͫʱźɫħ屬˾޴
˱һߡ
ѪĨڷĻݱϣָ軣䣺ɱ㣬ٰӴңΰ
ʱˣＤŭ軣·ܹռϷ磬ʤһˡ
ĴȻ֪
ʱڻ³

̹ǵĺˮ裬ƫƫŲϵ³ʶȴԽѡ
ǰ𽥱һźռݡ
ȥǺԼһӰ
Ҳ֪ԼðǵӰ˹ȥ
ԽǵӰԽܸܵԼǵӰӵޱϵ
ͷ·𡭡һˡ
ƣһһŨŨĺͫ΢㵵ĿŶԷ
ӵһźһģһͬǣֲ԰׵˺ɫħƣֿ£ǵĶ
֮⣬ɫҲڳˣѪȵĳɫ
ʱ˫ɫգҲգĶ
򶨵֮ӣܿ췢֣ǰһģһˣֻ۾ˡ
ˣƺǸˡ
˭
Ϊʲô
֣̽Է˳ŨܵĽ˲
ֶˮС
ħǰˣħƵϣ¶һĨЦݣˣת˰
ң
Ҿ㡣ħһһ䣺㣬ҡ
ħ̧ơ
ڤڤ֮У·ǣҲ̧ơ
˵彥Ť͸һźƺҪ϶Ϊһ
Ϊħ
ħԨ
»Ϊ
ħ㼣ӡ½
ĶϹƻơ
ǡ
˶ûôħ
е඼α񶾣ֵħ̾Ϣ
Ƕֵá
ʦֵá
Ըħ
ǿҵġʵִҵľ޴ħף±һź
ҵҡħĵٻģһ
㱻˺ѡɱܾѣƳӡ֮ʱ


51 
ˮ, 㿴˺Ϸ뗃սĺˡ
ǶһĺʵҲѵ֣ܿ·硣
ӲƤëʱĻݱ, ֪Ϊδ, ɲ֮˺üڶ˿, ʱƴѪ
һֱһ×һ
ʱ, 軺ȻǸ֪ʲôƵģȻ䲻ܲ˵ĳ·ȥֱһûֹĽŲ
ܹĿ˫ͭͫϲ
ڸʲô
ڣʶҪܿ, ֻǺˮ, ֫彩Ӳ޿ɱܡ
軺һ룬Ȼźȥ, ̶϶Ǵħͷ
Ȼ×Ϊ׵Ĵħͷ, ֳֻݱ, ɿĳŗ軳ȥ
軷ŭ˫ۼҪ
Ҳܲ˵ſצӣܲ˵ĳȥ
ʾͷڵʯ֮, Ŀĵǰ
Ȼ, еĳ˗軴Ĳ, 軴צ, ֱĵĸ
һһ޵ĺ, ˺ôˮ
㵵Ŀűĺ档
ʦ㾹Ϊµėһƣ
Ǳߵĺ˱, ʶıͶˮУδüжͼѾˮС
ں, ںսĴ̹Ǻ⣬ûˮУֻ̱ᱻɱ
ĺף׳Źɱ
ħ
ʱһ㶼ħֻгˮе
ĽɫҰסѪ̳֮ʱĺӭȥ
֣˴˺档
˵ֶһ
߻Ҫ䡣
Ϊʲôڹζ
ħ޷ܵ¶Ȱ
ħһָźϻɫ
Ѿժˡĺش˵ز˾С壬뿪
Ŀĺһ̧ۣ֣иɫ
һ䱻ħ鸮С
Ĵ֡
ͬȫʪ͸ּٵ˵ʦ㣬Ҵ뿪
΢ȻĺѪ߲֣ʦ֣ҡ
Ŷĺ֣ס֡
ץס֣ϵѪҲӡĺĴϡ
ĺᱧ𣬵ߣ
ӵվ
뿪Ƭǰƽ޲ĺ档
΢΢˶ָ֣⸡һɫУգۼ㱻ˮû
֮ſ첽ȥ
ʱأ뿪Եü˺ܶ࣬˿һֱûֹѪ˲ò뿪һƬߵš
ϸ߸һѪ£ѪɫĹҰ׵ϣ˿
鸮óһɾů͵Ĵ멣̵һ¡
ĺ뿿¡
ιһֹѪҩѪִֹͣ鸮һֹѪҩ࣬ȸСͿֹѪҩ࣬ȥȥ
ĺ˵ţŲæ뿪
ȵߵǿĵطĺͣ˽Ų
̧֡
һƬ̹˺ۡ
ĺƿѪȾӣֱݺύŵȫ˿ڡ
ȷڴѪ֮Żġ
Сʦþʲôˣ
һߡ
Ǻҩ࣬Աߣ˵㣬
ѾѪʪȥ䲻ıס
ȻɫҰף˿һ˫ɫӾŶϤһе
㣬ôˣͷһֱϵ֡
ֺܰףҲܱ䣬ļָװֱһ΢ʹ
ŷ֣ϵѪʦĨ˸ɾ
ԣǰǲ
Ȼʲôһץסֹ֣ᶨ˵£㲻µġ
ס֣ʱ˵ľΪߴĴʦ㣬ԭҲֻǸСĹ
һֱָֻֻܽס
ôôʦӸȳִأ
һ£ûѿῪڣҰ
ɳƣβԿƵĲ
СĵĽַ¡
ڸһǰίʵһε˴
ʱûôࡣ
ҲΡ
軵צӷҲ鲻¶һƬȾѪƤ
Ҳ˲١
ĺͻȻصȲһ֮󣬲ֽȾѪ˺
ЩѪɺԣ˵ƤճϣСģ˺ʱɱĻŪ
صؿһ
亹۾ȥպöɫӡ
ʣ۲ۣ
û˵
һˣۡ˵ԻƵĵ
ճƤϵ˺֮鸮ˮңСİϴ˿ڡ
Ѫˢȥ˿ǶôĿġ
軵צӾ޴󣬷һƴĸ˿һֱѵĺϸһ֫·һۼϣȴ⿰նˡ
ɼǵ˿ڻһһѪԾĶǡ
ֵѪ
δκβʡ
һһԳ
ԺнһɣɲǼʧȥһҪ鿿ŵɻ䡣
æַסһֻСĵİδ˵λãһֻҩ࣬Ҫҩ
ۣ㲻ҪҶͷİҩ
ȻѾ۵ľˣָϣֲ
㲻ʵĶ˶ӣǵü𶯣۵ġ
ǿûٶ
ˡ
ģԺʦ㻹ô
ʦϺδ棿
̧ۣ㿴Ķڰֿ
Ǻεȴˣ̾ʲô
룬ȻһҪľ
һ̣жϵ˵㣬Ϊҵ˗һƣҶܣʱֿӣģһḺġ

ţ˵һûصĿ
æ˳ٸͣԣһҪ֮ҷˣġ
֮ˣŮҲޱҪֿȻܴ
ȼʲôýô
ǡ
ңΪ軣ǲҲ˵ȫȻ⡪һǰЩӵĿڴ˽㡣
Ҫྡˡ

ȵøˡ
ȻòҲûϵһһֱȥġ㣬ˣҲΪعѵġ

˭̤Ҫعѣûء
ظƨĹѰ
ԡ
˭˵Ҫ޸ˡ
ƨԡ
һӵ໰ΪԵڣӲıˡ
лҪ˵ʦҵ˗軣һǰңҪ޸Ҫ(w)


52 
ιȥ, ˿Ҳ㣬Գιȥˣ, СĴ˿ڡ
Ĩҩ֮, ϸµһȦһȦİɫɴ
һУƿ˴ϵ֡
˫Ŀ, ɿ, ǳ
ͷȥ֣ӵס
ڱС
ĺС
ôСˣôôص, ȴһأ
Ϊ, Ǵʦô
ۡ
Ұ׵, ݽȥ, ҪƵΪһƵһ, ѽеͶ
Щġ񶾵˼ȫϲȡ
뿴Ȼ, շתֻࣻ뿴չ¶Цա
ص̾һ
Ȼʦֶ࣬ϲˡ
ϲԷʱܹѿ
ţб̲סõЦ⡣
, Сĵġա
ûзӦ, ĵӴ, ȥָͷһԺϡ
Ҳģģë׵, żΪ
˺ü£ƵʲʵĲͣ֡
ԼٶˣôŪǶ䣬Ըģ
ţĿⶨǶѩ׵ĺϡ
̧֣ĺȥƺҪȷʲôһ㡣
־ĺԽԽ
ʱĺӽ⴫ʣʦܣô
Ľ˻ȻŵŵĴϣôסĸʲŽˡ
ѾֹѪˡĺ˫ֱʣʦʲôȥˣ
ĺûش𣬶ǰ׵ڴϻеǰ
˳ǽڷָ΢ϣȻüͷ
лõԤС
˿̫ֽ˹ˮĺһֻֽסҪֹסĲС岻ͦů췦ˡ
Ұ׵ʦ䡭
ˣͦȥΪʲôܣ
ĺҲò⡣
ڲʱ
Ҫͣһʱ䣬СΪˣħ˿ڣҪҩĺ˵ΣȽƤҽ˵
Ϊʦʲô

ĺҩԼĪʱ䣬ιҩ֮˿ڲССѪ
ֻɫ԰ף࣬续üۼҲһ㺮˪
óƤȻħסˣɱĥһϢ
˴ͷħޣ˺ܳһξ룬ߵһǳء
ʱڿջס¡
ڼ䣬һֱڻ˯״̬Уһֱûѹ
еĲԽǿңնǰס֡
ʦȵģڣֱֻҪ䣬𽥵ĽӲ
ܲá
¸˿һһ컺ϣһ
һգǿ۾
ſߵ
һֻֻס֣ñƣʱѵõů
Ҳ֪ˮǸʲôϡŹֵĶҪڵѪҺҪɱ
֪ԼһδͦȥˡԣЩ¡Ҫһ¡
˶˹
㣬ˣеϲֿϿңһ㶡
԰һֱ˯ȥĽ˳Ч
Ϊˣ֮ǰιȥģ
˶Ҫ˵ΪɤۣɳƵ˵
ˣ̵һˮӴһֻļ򣬹̶ס壬һֶֻŲ豭յߡ
̧̧佩Ӳ֣ӹ豭˰Ҳֻͽ͡
ȡ
򴽣ֻʱ
ȻǿʼˣڴڵĺһˮžøɬɤӺ˲٣ҲΪˮЩ¶ȣܿȴ
豭ŵһߣȻȻȥǵˮա
ĺŶʱ򿴼һĻüͷ΢壬Ϊʦίʵǹˡ
ҲǼƽʱ첽߹ȥѵ÷С壬ָҡ
Լ̧֣ס֣ݵĺǰ

ĺ
ĺָĿһۡ
ҵӣԼ֪˵ʦ֣ͣˣ
ˡ
ʱϻˣħԨҹʦ־ܾȷĹʱô
С壬顣

ʦ֣ʦܴħȻȥʦˣܵȡ
Ŀֲϼôȥݼʦ𣬶ŷ͵پ֮⡣
أ
һΪں䣬βֿʼսû£ʦҪ𵢸ʱˣǿ߰
ĺؿһۣò˵ħͻȥ֮һߵġ
šĿתҲߡ
˵ͼ˵ĻᣬҪ¡
ַסְҴ˱ǣźĺһ뿪
ȵ˷ţŲס˵ʦ֣Ҫʦ㡣
˯˶ãã˵ֻǽʦ㣬ĺôҲŵġ
ʶĳֿԣĺĿģӡ
ǽţչģҲֻʣһ족ˡ
Ҳֻ֪ܵ
Һܿչ˺С塣ĺ˵ţƬ̣˵Сûܳȥ
δ˵˵ȥˣֻܽŲæ뿪
ûܳȥ
ΪأȴҲδҩʯҽĵزȴδ룬ء
ŽյķţһʱȻʧ
ڡ
Ƕȥ֮󣬷˺ôĹϥ
һĻɫתʹڱѪҺʲžúܲ١
ܿ죬ǰԵĹϮ˾
֧һֱۡ³һѪҵĿ
æŶ롣
ȵøˡ
ô겻ɢĻߡ
Ҳʣһ߰˳һ߽ͣʦѾ뿪ˣ㣬һչġ
ĵĿ
Ҫʦ뿪ˣǽŲȥҿܾҪһӴħԨعˡ
ظƨ
ֱӳĴ齵ȥ˫Ŀա
޵̾˿Ȼߵ߲Զ̿ߣŪ̿
ֻǣ۷ůֱͣůסÿ£Ҫһ
ѵʱԽԽ١
ţ˵Ҳ
ֻû뵽ǰһֱģȻ
޳

ΰѼ䣬оԼıϣ㣬ټּ֣ѾˣħԨĶһλħҽҽǷһκġ
ʱ䣬ûðݱ¶ΣճԹҴ򣬵ʤޡ
ȥħ
ô멽ܲ͸磬ħޣһ·ħķɱ
ħ·֪ܳԼǼֲǸʱġ
Ҫ˯ȥ
ͣħޡ
㣬˯ҰߣҲЩţʹˣǰ治ԶһƬħ𰻨ͼֵòã
죬ɳƵ϶ĴƭˣħԨߣǰֻһƬͺͺĺ
ۣϡ·𿴼ͨۿ
̲סЦЦȴѾ˵ûˡ
á
ӵֶӲˡ
Ǹ㣬ƭ㡣˵ڲǰûħ𰻨ֻһƬߡ
ǹƭġ
𣿡
ĻȽ
ӦֻһƬž
ˡ
ʶһ֮ڿƲסδι̵ۿҰױϡ
ϣȴԸΪ軣Ϊ
ǸˣǹâɵĴʦ㡣

ãǿǳǵıЩ
ǰһµĻߣһʱʼãȻ
㣬ҰȻһƬħ𰻨ɡͷ˫Ŀյ᣺һΣҲ˵ˡ
СĽ¡
ѾȥƯڰУںڿӵһʱ鸴ӡ
һж
û뵽ʦܾȻô
ȻΪˡ
ʦû׽
жжǴ֮ٻص壬ŻСʦܡ
û뵽͵
ں˴֮ĿڿȻһϡ

㲻֪𣡲֪ϴɾ𣡶⹷Ȼһϣ
ҲĿģ
лҪ˵С糡
ʦûи
ΪħħԨÿһߵأħ𰻨

뿨СʦܵǶͽģе㱯ˣβhhh


53 
ŭɶ˹ȥһ, ȴû뵽̫һ֮㱬ǿ˻ȥ
ո˵ڶ, ٿ۾, 

ѵѾĹȣֻþ
һ, Ϳӵվͬʱ, ץһֱһҡ

˰òУһ˵һҲһ

ŷӦŲŵ۾, ſ첽ڵ, һʱϲ
ô, һ, , һѽеķ
ȴû뵽Ÿ߽, ͼһ죬һѽס
ͷľ, ˵, ûҺøˡ
˵ʱ, Ĳϣеȣе֮Ǻˡ
, ƿ
Ȼ
̫֣ѵõĺȫ
ƵľѴ㣬ͱһ¡
һΪҲˡ
Һġ

ƽŭҲ˲١
ͷϻǶԺõĺɫ䣬ͷѣǶë׵ĺڶɨɨ
֣ǶԺڶ䣬Դѵºͣˣ˵ˣʦѡ֮ӣİ
ͷ
ſȻ͸оϻһ˫ȵС֡
֮ǰǶʱһֱͬһס
˶סˡ
ʦܣϲ㰡øعˡ밲ͬЦ
šָģЦȻΪعˣһǵöԽ
Ȼ;ú󱳱صĴһ¡
˳ĲԶԴõ˵ôǰɣٲʦ㣬Ƚ
̣֮á
ǰɡ뼷䣬Ŀⲻ˳̵һƳ΢β
ˣʱŹ
ҪԡͷһԼϵĳȹ
ϺɫĳȹǶǰǼҳµģϱ˺ˣֻһȦһȦɴ塣
֮ǰϵǻãԺ䣬ܸܵȵʪϸµĲա
Ҳûˣϸձһġ
ίʵǱ
ղˣ
۾ΣյĹ⣬ƽֱ׳˵ѵ㻹Ҫ㻻𣿡
֪ܿһ¶
Ĭһ£ظҪԡ
ĳǳػкܳһξ룬㣬ȷ㶼ǺˣǱԸ·ˡ
š
֣˵һԡ
һƭ㲻ɣ䣬Ȼȥץס֡
Ѿָ¶ȣģůůġ
Ȼ󣬱ס
ü
ܿſ峺޹ôˣǾﲻ𣿡
ｫҪڵĻҡҡͷ
Ǿͳɡ
Ψһһֻħޣʦ־Ȼ˳һֻħޣЩ
ܲںܰͱ˷
ɤӣȻ˵ʦܣʦһĻᡭ
ܰħøʱұŽ·ֶ̧ˡֱӴĻ
ø㣬ô죿
ںѽ
ˣǿҹһɡ
Ҳֻˡ̾һίȫ
ޱ飺ίħģͲˡ
Ŷ
ϵħ޵ıϣȻ֣Ҫ
ǡһż㣬ƮƮ䵽ĺ¡
ħ޵ٶȺܿ죬㻹ǰ
ء˵
Ǻðɡ
˵ţħ֮һ˳ȥû
һץס°ڣ˵ͣ
ͣ޺˵Ųôǽ㻻ǰɣһҲԡ
ҡ

ţͷһ㡣

ôҲû뵽Լš
ôģ
ħԽܵһٶȣǰܡ
ȦϸݵֱУһ¶ѡҲǲܶҪһҪ˵һ䡣
̲סЩϵĽӲʲô
㡣
Ŷ
ⱻˡ
ȫӲʱһ޴ĳǳڳǰոħͣȲȥ
Ϊֽŷ飬һ£ʱס
һûĻĳҪ
۾ŷԺѾٹ̣ƹˤء
֣˳һ㣬ҽˣ߲
ôҪұ𣿡
Ŀ𣿡̾˿Ҳ̽ۡ
û£ҲԡҪ𣿡˵ţǰȥҪᱧ
ĲոҲۣ˰ɡ
˵˵ҪҲҪӵġ
ʦĶλԽԽء
µջ̧֣ߣǣħޣ
Ǻܿҵһҿջ
׼䷿ǼҪˮ
ϣ
İɫҳһӣŵ˹̨ϡ
ӣ޷ıֻһװ
ȵСȥС뿪֮ʣ㣬ǽŵ强ޣô强ģ
ʦֻãʦָԣҲҡһۣʣСʦû𣿡
ƽԼһĨҫ
̿ûС
㵱ȻûС
ˮܿ׼ˣ˷ԡ⡣
ڣõĺɫȹȻֽŵıһȦһȦĽ⿪
ƽ̹ĸѹ£ûһ˺ۡ
֮ĺôڴˡ
˸ˮ֮󣬸մ·ֻһɫȹ
֮£⺰ʦܣ𣿡
šƺԤϣûôҸͽɡ
۵ܲ͸磬˵
ֱϴһɫĳȹ֮ǰڳµһµġ鸮УźüŮӵĳȹ
һػˮİֱ˳ҡ
Ŀǽֱ϶˶٣ܿ콫ѵݸ
ѣɢһͷʪĳƹ߳Ȼڡ
ܿƫͷȥ
ɫĳȹΣȹɫĻƣ߶
ɢɫ𪣬ü۴Ķˡ
Ư


54 
ֻ, 춼û˵ɵ˵ʲô𣿡
ûûعĿʪĳϣҰͷɡ
ء
󲡳, , ɡ˵ţߵǰļ¡
˺ܺ۸Ĵ𣿡
Ȼǡ˵ֻ뵽ҶȥȴδɹźʧССԸ𣿡
⻰էһƺûʲôë, δüԷĹǽڷָѰʪϡ
˫֯һƫɫָ, º͵ĺϵˮ
ˣ׵õðײá
ţҲȥˡ
ʱһֱ״̬, δ, ͷ, ԱĿ붨
ʵһ, ޷붨, ƫƫͬ
ʮǰɵĽ׵޿Ժ鷿ҹ˺ܳһʱ䣬ʱ㽥ϰʱ붨
ʮ, ˣĥñ, Ҳҹҹҡ
ϰϢ
, ״̬С
޷ĽϢ붨õЦ⼸Ҫ
ʱҲİǰɵĳ
ڲͷûֻ֮󣬴״̬, ΪѾˣû뵽תͷȥһͷ
ͷëסůĺɵö˶
òỹĶɣ
عĿЦЦôǽ㲻˵أģûĶ䡣
Ŷ
Ҳҡ
ԼͷѾȫˣȳȥɡ
ûأҷҪһķ١
£㻹ᷢ𣿡
𣿡򶨶ݵķʡ
˵
ˣĳͼ
ûɹ
ǵһ
Ŀ֣ϰһɫ˿һָĺ
ԥһ£Ϊɫͬϵܰ䡣
𳤷͵һᣬᡣ
һ𣿡
ƫͷȥʱ򣬻пԼĵӰ
ݸ
ӹٰһƯɵĽᡣ
һֽᷨЩ˵һһ˺þòŽ⿪ô»ˣ
Ϊÿ㡣Ӧ˵
Ŷ
ûˣˣͼһֻı
һδⵥӦüЩ
ʲô
ͷתȥ
Ŷ
ſ֣ľһöСĽǸͨʤϲķб˺ߡ
һʲôһץס֣ժƯġ
֡
ŶĽִ¡
վɫ·ȹĶڿлȡ
û˵ܲʣ㻹ʲô

͸ˣ
ƺǾί
ü˸ʽʣ㲻Ҫԡ𣿡
ҪġƢĽҪͷˣòòΪűһڷЩ¡

ֺЦɻ
ʲô
ħԨ̫ƽ˴
ǵ֮ǰǸħԨŮħԨŮӶûȤʲôµġ˵ţĿһۣ˵Ӵ룿
˵Цˡ
òˣǡ
ȵ뿪֮Ц
Сʦʲôģʵ˼ˡ
ʵЩ㲻ÿζҭ˵ôϸŷ·ִ˲ƣأ
벻ͨҲͲˡ
ֽбеķ
Ķ̳һοյĻϸĲ㻨ϸĺ챦ʯ
Ȼһ㣬ĺƯ
룬ôˣ⻹յĵһ
Ϊ΢
һţһ߽б˻ȥ

Ϣû֮˱뿪ˣһħԨܾôʮĶѵ
˵ħԨķӡ棬ҲΨһһ뿪ħԨĵط
֪ЩЩϿġ
ħ
뿪ǰصȥһֻħޣ֮á
治ħ﾿жԶֻǵԼĪǳ֮˲ŵִĿĵء
ħԨĳǳضû֣ΨħԶԶıܿſڵǿʯԵµġħ֡
ħԨĳǳһ㶼ħܵʯ̵ֿ֣úҿǱ߽ǵ̶ȣҲ֪ʯˡ
˵ֲħԨĻ˵ġ

֣üͷ΢壬֪Щʲô
Ҫ𣿡
ħǳأǽȥ𣿡ȻǶж䣬ŪŪͨħħƼħôҲסġ
Ŀǰΰĳǳشת
ԭͷѪ²֪ʲôʱ˦ԶһƬڣԼħ
ǳذΣ˵Ƶȥ
š
ħޣƵħơ
һ޴ļ̳ӳ
̧ȥ
̳ϷһƬԶڣһס
ǼɽĶˡʱȻ
ħûʲôѹĳż̳˹ȥ
һæס
㲻롭
šͷȻ̳ϷǶ£ôȥͺˡ
էһеϸһʲôƨֲҪˡ
ٿɡ
ȻҲ֪ô򵥣ֱֱˣҲ
ȥԣ㽫˼̳һ࣬סļѹȥ
ħˡ
ԶӰСı仹͸졣
һۡ
һ̣δṳ̈ϼ̳С֨ͱǿϵһߡ
û뵽಻ħԨȻˣ
ѾλɷڼҴ˺óһʱ䣬ò³أΪʲôǻ겻ɢ
ϾĿŲͣС֨Ӧɣ
㡢ŲһУħħ˺飡˵ʱ¶һԽ׵ġɰݡ
ֻС
ԣȰħȰǶԴ
С֨סԼͣ𾪵ĿĺΪԼǴ
ŶܵĴһ󣬵Ҳ⣬𣿡
С֨ء


55 
С֨˵, ǰħԨ̳Ϸķӡɶħ󣬳ƿ˴˴ķӡ
Ϊӡʵǹ, ħǽ߾ȫ, ҲֻƳһֵķӡ
ҲƳһֵķӡ㹻ħˡ
Ʃ罫ħԨҩɽպ֪ʿ
պʿ׹ħԨΪħǵļƷ
С֨еħ֮һ
ǿԽ̳뿪ħԨġؼƷС֨˵
ʵħԨ, ˰죬ʣȥ, 뿪ħԨ𣿡
ǿԣǾͲһˡС֨һһ˵ֻҪӡڣԶֻ
ҪһӶزصħԨȥˡ
ֻ, ĺ뿪ģ
С֨˵, ˵, Ҫ˵, ûô
û˵ѣ
Ŀ
С֨㲻Ҫ̫Һƴˣ
С֨Ӳ, ޺˵ĻȴС֨սľ㣬˵˵, Ұ˰ɣ
С֪֨ٲûл, Ŵ, Ĵ
̶쳹
ֻ󣿡
һͷ󣬵Ǻܿ췴Ӧ˼̳
, ݱһż̳ϷһƬڳշȥ
˵ӰûһƬڰ֮ʱħҲæֻھԳԭ۴еС֨
̳ϷĺڰС
ƬڰУҪϷɣȴһǿ쫷紵ֻڰ

˵ţ˻ɫԴԴϵĳ쫷磬ͼƿһ·
ȫʯ󺣡
ŻݱϵĺķһʱҲ޲ߡ
ѵС֨˵ֻ
ûãĴţûá
Ʒ쫷лɻңӹһ٣ɹħԨȵҪ뿪ħԨˣǴҲó
ħԨֻ
Ѳľֻһתˣ
ϣĿа취𣿡
ǱӲħԨģа취йˡ
ƺڴӣڽ飺ʦ֣
ҧҧû·ˡ
ȫħ
ʯ䣬Ȼ뵽ʮǰħ
Ϊս
ħԨħҪõ顭ΪʲôҪõ飿
̺ŵľ޴ϣĵеעڴ֮ϡ
һƬʥİ׹⽫ƬڰӳյǸǹ˴ʥԵİɫôӵ˾޴
ˣæʹݱǽ׹â֯Ĵŷȥ
ȵ˵ӰûǵţŵĹâŹ쫷硣
˵Ŵߵڴŵʮֲ㵼޷λ
Ǹո̤ţһգûüƻݱˤˡϡ
ķӦһЩڽһյʱľ벢ԶʱҲԾͽקﻤˡ
ŽǴ͵˼ɽһ£ڱϹһξסΡ
û°ɣסκе
һֱߵ̬ţ̴ӱ
ɵϣȻĳ֣û£°һѰɡ

һŲȥĳ嶯űϾӣȥ
ס֣ӵ
ջ֣ʣ㷽˵ҪС֨ô
Ȼǽ˵ú塣
ɱüͷ΢壺ڡ
΢һ̹˵ľɱħôҿɴδ֮ˡȻӦĻ
װʲô
Ҫ֪ʲôУҪĻɱˡ
㣬ͷĶأһңüŭתƻ⡣
ģħԨҪǶԶʲô
ǽҰɡ


ˡӲĲ˻⡣
ҲǿֻһϧժԼͷõĺöս鸮ߡ
߳һξĽŲͣ
ƫͷȥµķ
Ҳϧ
ţ
ͷźеһһ˵ħͷȻǹУҿϧδܽҡ
ҧгݵģûʲôѹգһ۾޹˵ֲħͷԵҪ˵
òǡ
̾ңҵС
ÿɷ
һδʹγǽţָ⼫ݣ
ʵ˵߷ӡɶӳΪ˼䡣ǽɳɽбҡ
ʲô
ˣǱˡȻ˵
һۣ˽飬ӵʦʦñȻ㡣
нô
ҲŲ㣬˴Ҫܷʮֲ˵
ô鰡
ߡ

˵ŻӰҲнԶ
ȥһߡ
ϾħԨķӡɶС¡
ȥǱ߿
ǲģЩ˦Ҳֻˡ
Ҫϵʦһʦ
Ŷ
̤Ժ彣վó˴ѶͲ
ŷܿͲͷ
С壿
š
ŷһһΪħԨˡ
ôᰡСѡ֮ӡʦֵٵ
鲻ԽȾЦ԰ҿˡʦ֣Ҫʦһѽ
ǶäĿţҿɲһŷ˵ţ˶٣һΣһäĿٵĻƽ
΢䣺šʦ֣ʦֻ𣿡
ûС
ֲ廰֪ʦȥˣʦͻ֮̾ˣ߷ӡɶҲӰһվҲϵʦҪž󣬷ҿ϶ҪħԨ㡭
û꣬ȻԼϵСȥٵĵȥŷ´ʦѾסˣȬֻʱ⣬㲻صǡ
Ǿͺá˵ţ̽Եļ˺䣺Ҳʦ֣ôô˽ħأ
ʦܺħԨеϵŷ˵ú壺ǶСʱˡ
ȥ͸оµĳ˲ûȥ
ʹ㣬רһ㡣վȣҵӡ
ͨѶͲҲʵò´ʣ˺ŷϵ
ô꣬𣿡ʦ
ǽԼûվȣôˣ
˼ǹң
վǰ棬΢ûýվȡ
ǡ
šǵЦ⽥ҲԽ
Ŷ԰ͲýȥӦλʦ֣Ӧýעϲǡ
ۺûܺ


56 
뼫൱һ, ʲôǲġӼ·ѵʱӲһ롣
ھĳš
еĴƷӡ˼, ɷƽ˾δǽӰ졣
ϾĶһЩС, Щ, ȻҲ
֮ŷ֣Ҳֻǿƽ˾ˡ
ΪСС֮, һȦɫ󷨣Χܲ͸硣
ĺ, ֮ǰħԨǳصǽһ, ȥɫ󷨡
ȴ, 󷨵ָʱоһʹ
Ľջ
ɫ, ˵Ƿ󡣿󷨵Ľɫҫۣز˱ȻΪҾͨŶݼ֮
Ȼôͨ, ֪ġϾ󷨵ִͨ׶ȫԹ˼塣
Ⲽ, ʲôˡ˵, ˵
Լã
޴, ȴ·ȻҪӡ
ħûʲôƫ, δ֮ǰᾡһͬ, ޷ֲ·ѪϴΪ
У̫޹Сˡ
۾ͷǿ, סƬ
ĸֻ֪ʣһȺֵУһƬСУûñ㽫ɢ
ŭģڣô
󡣡۾ɫлĹâӿ
֪ǻˣҲһˡԣܻ٣ֻơ
ƫͷȥ۾ɫ𽥸ӣҪ󣿡
ǰ󡣡
ھȵ˵㲻ã涼ǵö֮ô
˶ħƫƫһ㣻˶ƫ˵ƫ̴档
ǣǽȵġ
һʼδ˼ѾʼˣŷӦûƫֻȣȡ
һʱ鸴ӡ
ΪԼ͸ˣֻ֪ãԳ֮ˡħĴƫġ
ܿҺ󷨵ķλ֮ʱһ۵
ʲôˣʲô
̧ȥһŵ۵СʿᣬҲʮģ
ƳһۣΪ⣺󷨡
š
ȴСʿȻŭ֪ʿŵĶǾ󣿡

û뵽Сʿ໡һɤӣüŵ۵ĵʿͳ˹
ʦǿͽҪ󣡡
ɲǼ䣬һѴŻ˵۵ĵʿΧס
ִľĶŶˡ
ǺȺé®ĵʿֻ֣˵һ顣
ôĿ
ɢ̧̧Ƥӡ
һ̣ǿըЩʿδӦߵķһ˳ȥˤϡ
һ߿ţŽ㻹Ǹɴ䣬ӵ˼¡
ҲȺ嵽ߵĵʿֲһ磬㵲סЩʿ
Ϊ㻤
á
󷨵Ľڽ֮ĵʿҲԽ
㲻д
ʦ׷Ǵãò׽Է֮óȻ󣬱ǰ˰ǴȻΪ˼䣡
Ϊ
ûΪһǣһȺ޹Сĵ
ңǴҲһΪ˼䡣
ǴΪҲȻҪĻݱµġ
Уƿ֮ʱԶһıȣҷ󣿣
δȵ
ƿնĻƷ˷֮ϣԭ󷨣գۼ財
ü
̧ȥȻ㿴һɫִۡ
ǵòףһ˫ԳѪɱǽ򣬲迴֪䲻顣
Щʿһֱͦˣ࣬Ϊ
ݱŽ˹ȥ
µû뵽仰˵ֱӿҲԥŷ
Ȼ󷨾Ϊѷһʱ㱻Ƶòסˡ
ķβָĮİӵʿñˣ
µжĿ϶ס
ţ۾︡˹Ź뾪
˵ư𣿡ƱҪռϷġ
µ
㲻ϵң
׽
治ϵң
ϻͦࡣ
µĬĬĿ
Ҳ㲻Ծˡ
ŽĿ䵽˰µϣȻԺвź֪ĸһЩİ

һɣɫҲ΢΢ͣϳ˰ʦ㡣
˵һ΢ѵתͷȥ㿴ǽɫڴ翪ѡ
Ŷʦܸѽ
ɫ䣬ŻƷȥĻݱֺĺϡ
֪֪ʲô
ҪҪ
ìʮǰ
ʮǰκβʮκβ
Ŀ
Щò״ʹСһѷܳҪ뿪ЩȥĵطȴڿſڵİµĿ¶η塣
ֹס˽Ų
һ˶ٶ񣬲ЩСô㰡
ӿĻݱ˵Ǵˣұ
˵ţŵӳ׽еǴߵķ㴫һǿ
ŲסԵ˵ţҺܿ
ǣ
ƣЩСѾûΣգ御룬̧Ÿ
ŭű
˭ˣҲȥߡ
ҾͲˣôʮȥҳ㻹겻ɢҪأ
ʮȥһ㳤ûУɶɱŶ˼Сʿ񡣡
һɺԣ

˷ɳԶ˳ŷƮ
ЩʿǶˡ
ǵʦ顢ΪαһŮ޻ٻָ䳰ȷ󣬺Ȼûˣ
ѵħˣ
λѣλǺݣʦйʣ
˷ûұԭصϻŽӲЦݡ
˵ʿʻƽǰʽˡ
ħԨ֮ǽڶκˡ
СĬĬСϼһʡ
ǵʿŤĪľЩ뵨Ѿ뿪ķ׷˹ȥ
ƱزеദĻᡣ


57 
, ѵĻë֮أ˾Ļ, ̵Ҷһۿɼķ˼Ӿ
չض꣬Ѿδ, ǰĳһ統꣬δı䡣
۾һɫ, ̧ȥ, Ŀ⴩ԽһƬѤõľ, ڱ޸ķӡ
˵ֵһ, ߷ӡɶҸʱǷӡȴڻĻָԭ״, ұеĴϸ鿴, û뵽ˡֻǡô£
޸ӡҲǲ㳣Կķӡ˵ߣȥһ֮

Ϊʲô˵ôȻ
ʦߣұȥˡһһ߽ߣԶķӡǰͣ¡
ʦߣߣҲΪӡǴôֻ
ǲηӡ, רע
һӡȻͬ磬ӡӡ䣬ӡͬҲ޷ģ
ʵ, ӡҲֹ
ȾѪĽư۵ӣǲӡ֮ϣԴԴϵӡ᲻ɴݡ
һֻ֣ǽһڵѪĳ
һƬʬ塪ǲʵĴ뱻ʹСѳһСɽ
üԳһĨƣȴǱᶨġ
֪ʱӡ⴫һϤһĨѷ졣
ʱૣС壿
ӡ֪ʱƽƣü
㵹ȥ
죺ôôֱ׳ֲʦܡƻ
˵ţһ̤˷ӡ֮С
һȻͬ硣
ĿȥһƬڰһĶڡʱĵط
ع󣬶˱ӡǵУŷֳߵĲһڰˡǶ֮󣬶˶ѻɽʬ塣
ʼٸߣ࣬ĿѪĳһһĲ
ǽŵĵǲǶһԲϾͰνִȱһβķ䲻Ŀʵ
ʱüͷ΢壺ǣ
³ɽа۹
ü۽չ΢Ǹµġ
ŵʦ𡣡
ԭˡ
ʱŲ˳Ҳַ˷ӡ֮ϣԴԴϵɶķӡӿȥ
ݹʶǽŵӣ
ȻʶãҴ˴αǽŴʦͬСһ
ԭˡ
С档
ʱͷһԼѪѪҲԼѪ
ȥ
֪ҳɽаۣʶʦ΢㲻ʦܰɣ
аû΢֮ãűʦ񵽡Ҳ˵ǰѾꡪ֪΢
š
ʦ֣
ʱ䵭üۼԳһĨºͣ
ԣ̲סʱüۣû뵽һλºʦ֡
ʱЩĴţעǰķӡ֮ϡ
ֻ﷭Խʬɽʱ
ˡ
֪ӡڵһС
ΪֻĴˡ
һֻ޴Ļ
Ѫڣ˹ȴһƫĳ⻢צһ̣СʦܱѶ͵ͻ
ݱ֣עϡ
ϾôˣûмʵսΡ
ۻ룬ֽýȴսʱǾùŹ֣طëġ
ǽ޽ɣŹֵĽɲ˴
˶ۡ
ʱǴĲ֮ϣȴûдȥ
ԶԶʣ㣬ô죿
ôˣ
ȹڣ߳һƬ
ɫͫգҲգĵ
Ҳë׵ĴԴ£˵ﲻȻ㽵ģɱǷţ
ġҹɵĻش󣬱ÿ˺ڻϵĳ
û˳⣬Ҫŷӡķܣȴ룬һѾס˺ġë׵Ķ䡣
ȥƻŰɡ
ֻǱס˶䣬ǻȴѶá
űһֻƷĻп
ǿܴƽ֣˵⻢Ҳշѡ˲·뽫ȫһ򾡡
š
ɫĸп
ʹʮǰ֪
һֻ׺ϷŹĵʿʮȻѪ顢ĺ
ʵͦɰġ
Ͷһë׺Ľһɰء
һۣڲ졣
ЦЦٶ˵
֪ʲôϾݵ¶Ҳ֮ڿڡ֪£Ҳ
Ťתƻ⣺Ӧÿˡ
ɶķӡһһȹ
ƺһֱһˣ޸ɶķӡ˵
ʲôˣ
ҡҡͷĵʿ֪ӡɶ˼˵Ǻƽ٣ǳ֡
ֲҲδ֪ÿɷ
Ͳܰôô
Ҵˡ
˵Żʱ䣬Զķӡƾ߳һȾѪ±ü᲻ɴݵ߷ӡ
ʲô޸ӡ߹ˣʵ
ʶ𷽲ʱĶ˵ѵ
߽ϵѪ˵ô
ʲô㲻ǲµô
Ȼóɱ˺ܶΪʲôҲ֪
ŨصС
̧ߡ
ȴȻקסӣϣ֪˴ʦֵǸˡǴʦ𣿡
һû뵽
𡪡Ѿ첽ȥæ
ߵúܿ죬ΪļȹڱµĵľҲû⡣
ԽԽ죬ԽԽ죬һξ룬ȴҪһ㡣
еҪʱ
ΪδҲΪ֪ʱٿǺ֮ɻйʦйףƺܹͨʱҵ𰸡
סԼŲͣһεķӡ֮⡣
ʦ֣
ƵȹڣҲ֪˵СûСҪ׷ȥȴס
һʹԼͣ½Ų
Ұž
㲻Ҿͽˡ
űˣ˦֣첽̤ƬУûŲͣ
ΪǰվһϤӰͦΣȾѪΨü


58 
ʱ֪, ʱȼ˵ĹϵЩӡ֪ȼ֡
ڿԶ˵ģ, һʱ׼﾿ôˡ
ΪƫҪ˾
Ͳܣ
ԸΪˡ
ȫȻ֪ͷδĴʦ֣ʦ֣ΪĴҪҽȥ㡣
ЦЦ, ԴȫѪ, ΢˰С
ʱջ, ȴ, Ѫںڵĳϡ
Ĳ˲, վãҲ϶ѪôԼ˰
ԶԶĿţ
ôͲǧ˳ء
ʱԼĿ˼, Žִȥ, ᲻ϲϵģѪ
ɴʦҲѪˡʦ˵һ֪û̵ɫ䡣
¡һֱţε˵ԲŲ㿴С
ҵȷҲԶֱʣʦǲܵˣΪʲôħ֣ӡɶǲǺйϵǵʲô
һʱһʱ֪ûشĸ, òӦתȥ
ʱû˵ʲôֻϻأ
ղŴܽˡ
Ŷ
̧ŸΪҪȥ, ȴվھʱ
ȵʱ߳ŵȥɣǡ
ʱȻ
ʱϻݱȻſȻüͷ΢塣
ЩݵСܿ˵
ĿƫɱʿɶֹûǸȥʿɶֹǣĻû˵뿪
ʲô˰Һôʦ֣ţĿתŶˣʲô
֯õԣβ˵ݵһЩ顣
ȻԣϣûܱҸ˽Щ׺ˣ
棿ݵѧʶԨ
СӣСʱͺܻ˵ˡ
ԭݵǵҡ΢䣬¶һ޺ľѣ֮
ŵʲôݵ˽𣿡
ʡ
תת΢ƣ³֣

ٶȱƽʱ˲٣ʱվ۱紵졣
С壬һ㡣
ǰƮҵĴʦʧѪιȥʱǵչˣҿչ˵Ļ
Сյʱ䣬ʱִɣǡʮǰɣǣɣǻЩӡ󣬺ܿҵ˿ջ
˿ջʱȥԡЩĲ£վȡ
ʱıڸʱš
˹ȥ㡣
ôôˣƫͷȥЩʡ
δش𣺡л佱ȴʦ𣿡
ţһʦҩ
ɡ
𣿡˿һۣһ˶ܵļһ𣿡
ǲˣ㱻˵ұġÿΪ㻻ҩˣҲҡ
Ҿˣ𣿡
Ȼԡԣʦְ
һطˡ˵ţڵķ䡣
š
С𣿡ڵʱ˵ţùϡ
˶˶٣ʦ֣ҡʦְ

Ŷ룬ʱ΢Ʋ
ʱϻˣȻĴʦֵģˡ
ҪҲֻܿ
ʱдССΪ˵˿ڣƤˣ£ֻкĿڴһںڵ˿ڣΪ֡
ʱ˿ڵʱ˶û˵ʱǳǳ۾ƺڱĿ
һᣬʦ֣ˡ
л
ʦֿ
ʱվתһδʹСһͬߣ
΢΢Ȼʵ˵ʦ˱ħԨ뿪ħԨ֮󣬽߷ӡɶصظߡ
˵ƺħԨͬʱģǶǰװʱϵȴʱʶƣǹôʱദʱ񾿾Ƕô񡢴ˡ
ԣѡʵʵͼӴ׵ĸʱ
ˣ۱ʱ˵Ǻ¡
ʱûϸħԨʲô˵С廹飬⡣
˵һߣĿʱ뿪ֻǴ֣΢΢
ʱķţõŶ롣
ڴߣ˱վʣʦϵ˶𣿡
޴󰭣Ѫ
ǾͺáĿڴĽֵϡ
ʱ档
С塭
ʦͬ˵һ仰룬ͦеġϸָںڳϣп޸߽˱Ȼ֮ʿʦֿ֪ʦ˵ʲô
ĿתʱĿ˵ֲҲδ֪
߷ӡɶ㣬ʦйϵûйϵǵ֪ԭ򣬶𣿡
ʳһʼǸ⡣
ʱ֪ȥˣصǽǰ֣ʱ֪
ǣס
Ŵأ
С𣿡
һ
ʦÿεĴԭ򣬺֮
Ϊأס
βѪͳΪβѪȴڷ
£ֽסʱѻյϡ
˽ҪɱʦѾʱ׷ϵȺʦըһѤõ̻ʹѣ
ʱѳشһ硭أģһȳ
ûʳԣ˺ĺܶ꣬Ϊ˾ȳضŬΪϧߣһҲȫͶǽ֮С
ǽƱ޵׶̰ʦڵʦܾòһ㣬ֻһ㣬ܾȳ̡ԣʦңҪҰ
Ƕʱصİǰ뿪ǽŵԭ
Ǻķʱ뾫ۿǽɶȻֵĺǹһ
Ǻ˴һȺͬһˣĹѡ
ʱħ֪Щˣħ
ڵĵطߵķӡڴ򶷵ʱ򣬴ߵķӡ
ѼʱסӡȴˡЩħʧҲСߵҲֻͷħ
ʱŶѾһӳߣʦͻǽźͣĻص޸ӡ
Ϊӡƣô±Ȼƽ١
˵ọ̈̄ʣħɱʦ𣬻ƻӡ
УǺߡ
ħΪʲôҪƻߵķӡĿĴʱȻҡ
ħԨ˽ⲻʱһһħԨӡɶŵħҲˡҪųȺƽ١ʱȺħͻƷӡ̵
лҪ˵С֮ĶȾ֮žǣʱۣʱ


59 
Ͷħ֪֮ٵȻͬ, ʱʱҲˡħս
˼
ɱ¾Ѫ, ÿһ춼ݡ
Ϊ, ߱ӡ, ˼սû뵽ȴֻǿʼ
Ϊħڡ
һֱаǿħ̰, Ѫ, бҰĲ
ƽٷ·Ÿոտʼ߱ӡ, 㶦ľ汻ƣħһʼ˼䡣
ǻɱ¾¡
ǻĶħ, ˼䳹ױ˵
Ƕʱ䣬ձڳڸǵ͸һ˿жѪȵζ, Ŀȫǵʬ洦ɼ
жֻʣ˾
۾ʱӲ˽ĹȻأ
⴩͸˲ɢ˿еѪ, ħɱ¾
ϣĹ⡣
ϣʼħӡ, ħȺ֮ʣǿߺħԨͨ˼ĵ··ӡ
Դ֮꣬˼عƽ˾
ƺҲҪΪֹˡ
ΪħԨӡǰǱħ, ֿʼж
ߵķӡѾסˣλȥ֮ҪĪӦħԨӡɶһ¡
ӡŶݼ֮еһ֣Ҳֻһ֪⣬ʣʦôܹһ֮ȹ߷ӡħԨӡ𣿡
ԼӦҲˣ߷ӡħԨӡȻͬ
šߵķӡֻǴħԨķӡеħ
ħԨķӡǰ£ûǸȥ޸ħҪǲӡҲûô򵥡ʱƶħԨķӡʱھᱻơ

˼ʳڵĻȴǣʦ֣֪ôӡħ𣿡

ȥħԨҽһܼħһ£
ʱʾ˵
ħħħԨҩǶħɵ˿õħȴħڵĹ֮ϡ
˵ʲôأ
˵ħΪħ˰

˵ʱȻҲ⡣
ǰˣʵ྿ΣҲδ֪ʱҪˡ
ǿɲһ
ʱ񣺡
ΪصĻѾ˵ˣʱԸٶ룬ܿ˻⡣
ȥħԨһˣС嵹ǻĺ¡
ѹеĳЩ뷨ع˵ʦ㲻֪ħԨħɫҴǽŵİ£м䶼췢ˡ
ҲħԨõģ
ͷ
ʱƯ
Ҳ֪ǿѣڿ䴩ѵˡ
ȻΪǰߣ̸Щ죺ҲƯʦܸѡģ۹ⲻ
ҾһŮأ֮ǰµʱ򣬴žͰеӶŮӳˡΪҿѾˣԼһɫѵûˡ
ʱЦ˵ôһѣ΢΢һȻĿº͵ĴĿⶨͷϺɫĳԼһ֮ϡ
ⷢҲʦ͵𣿡
ѽͦϲġ
ʱû˵
ɵÿڣʦô˵
ֻ룬ȥһħԨʦܵĹϵǱˡ
һ㶣Ȼаɡôһ𴳹ħԨѹء
ҲǡʱŲ˷ϵĿ⣬Ȼ˵ҲҲԣڲע⵽ȹڱǾˣ˵Сȣ
˼ѪӡӣȥȻ˵
ʱĿסֹֻǵǵĨҩ
˵ţһ׵Ĵƿ
ĵ˵ͷ
ʱ֪δϣҪĨҩȴԽŮֶֻ֮һҪĨҩܺõÿһЩ
֪Ĩɱ߶ҡ
ʱվ˵ȳȥɫҲˣձǽš
ͷȵʱ뿪Ĩҩֱ˸ˡ
˭
㣬ҡ
𣿡
㡣
ˡ
һʱûˣܿ죬һýһֱȥ˼
ʤ䷳
һ̣űƿ˽

иմ򿪵ĴƿһߣҪСʦܵĲ磬˭겻ɢøͣš
Ͳã˹ȥڶ¥ת˺þãŰʱķת
ͷĿڹؾվǰϴתһŴ죬һ߾ͷ̫ۣ¡
á
Ŀƽޡ
һݣ̸ǰڣ㣬ʲôʱǽŰ
ʵ£ӵա
ô찡
š
ĿƿѾ˵ĴƿϣСȱˣʦֿѾˣ
͵ͷȻһʱͻ
ûУʦԼϽȥҪ˿ڡ
ĻĿڵɡ
ڲҪ㡣
жȻˣұû֮ĵһѵĵҲ̵ң֪ͼһ֪ͼˣܸ𣿡
㷳
յһԾԵú޺վȻǰСĵĽȹµÿܾȥ
ֵ÷ƵʵϣСȻһݺύǳǳ˿ڣѪܵġɫְףէһۿȥĿġ
𣿡
ܰʣҲĻشƵһ䣬㴹ͷϸµİ˿ڡ
һСϵѪʪӲøɾֹһɫҩ࣬СĵĨ˴ţɴһȦһȦĽȳƵСȣӡ
üͷһ壺İɣ
ȫ޹
װ˺á
㲻ҪҽҡҲûкҰСϵ˿̫࣬׸Ⱦ̡
ˡɡ
Ȼܲ𡣡
㲻ʦ㡣
ûС
Ųˡ
ô
̣
Ͱǰѹһȥһס˽ס

˶ʹһŵʱˣЩһͷԵӦ죬ʱԱߵϡ
վȻͷһСɵġ˵Ľӡǰ£Ե˵ĽӡԽĿ
Լ±Ūͷˣһû¶
Цһ᣺´ңǵЬߣȻŪҲá

ôǷ
ôһȵ뿪ˣ˻ûɴˡ
Լ֣ʳ
㽫ɴˣͷһûĽᡣ
ǿгҲ鷳ˡ
Сʦ¶࣬ͲٹܱӵһСˡ
һҹܿȥ
ȵڶճǽţʱ񿴼һư¸߸˫ȣǾжС壬д󰭣
ûʦӲҪġ˶ţ˻صһſڣһҩ
ʱ΢վߵһʱԡ
лҪ˵֪ʦΪʲôƴСʦƤ


60 
պ, ˻صǽšΪ߲Ÿոձӡʦʦöδ
٩˵ʦʦǻû˽ӵ, úϧɡ
ʱ䶼һ, ʦ㲻ҵġݵĻشǹ, Ҳ˵
˴ǽŵɽ, εӡ

ʱ˵ǰ˵С壬ȥһš
ĪţħԨӡɶ, ֪ͨӦ֮¡
áں֮󣬱ͬʱ뿪
վԭ, ˵ıӰǰʧ֮ߡ
ʱĪź, ʱ˵, һ߰š
ȵ˵֮ʱǣ䲻˵ţڲˣ
ĪĦһ°ͣ㶼ԹȥˣΣܲ⣿
ǵҲǡͷ, Ҳ˼ʱڳʣҺĻԼǲܽˣ
, ô
ã
ǰ뿪ĲţӶþ, ʦĸºŻù˶ˣ
켫ˣĸ£Ȼôã
ȻħԨ˽ʱ䣿Щҹҹڲϸ·жȹ, ħԨ·Զ߲ͷ·һƬߡ
С
δҵ㲻ʦĸ£ϼ壬ʦĲ㡣
ִּˣں˵ȼĻ£ʦʲô
úãǱ˵ȼ˵¶Ҳ͡ԼȥԼȻҵ뷨ʦͬͬ⣬ҿɲ֪
ʦ϶ͬ⡣ĵ
ĪŰڰ֣ǣ϶ͬ⣬߰ɡ
СҲ֪׮ԼǶöͬ⣬ǲס˵ȼǱߣ֮ǰͨѶͲϵȼĿڷ磬ֱڣǱ߶û׼š
ԣѾͷ˻飬ֻѡ
ЩĪȻΪ֪ˣ϶ᵱǰ
뿪ĪŵԺӣһ·ϼȥ
ʱŷͬĪŵĶԻ̽ʣС壬˻飿
ѽͷʣʦ֣òᷴ԰ɣ
֮ǰʹң˵Լһ㡣ʱ𣿡
ʱԺը㾹ȻŽԼ
ħͷŮ˴ˣȻŰѾƫòС
ʱ˵Ļûһߴߴˡ
ǰȷͬʱҪԼʱߴߴˣûעʦ˵ʲô
Ųϣ˵ҵȻǵ
ǵҲûϵһǵáʱЦЦ˵Сˣ˵һҲ޷
ᶨûǿС壬С岻Ը£ʦֶΪƽ
Ц⣺ǾûҰڲƽ¶
ʱķ
˺ܿߵϼ塣
ħѵѾסˣʵǿ񣬾һʱĵѾúܶˡ
˱ȥѰʦ𣬵·ʦĺ
ĵɫһ䵭΢˪ĿϣЩ
ҵ뿪żС壬ϵ˿Ƕ޴ˣ
Ҷˡ
˵δѪԳĺǲħɶĺĴ滳ɣ¹ħĺδȷǰҵġ
Ǿͺáĺߵķ˵ʦСԺںɽʯѨбչ
ʱ񿴿ĺֿȻ˵С壬ȥѰʦʦлҪ˵
Ŷ
ȵ뿪ʱŵȥԺǱ߱˵ɡ
ʦʲôĺԶ׼ƣǹʦһô
ʱһ㶣ʵʦˣΪҪ㣿
С岻֪һʦйأʦ֪ҵĲôĺɬ
ʱʧЦĺļο֪㲻ˣ롣Сദʱ̫٣Ƕ⣬Ҳᾡ⡣
ţлʦ֡ĺʰһ¸ӵ飬ʣղʲô
СħԨ֮СʱУΣء
ȷΣءĺԼĸħԨط£С軹еʦܡСʦܵ˗һƺ뗃һͬ׹Уˡ
Ϊ軣ʱ侪ȣҲ֮СС彫Լʦ㣬ĺء
ɡ
ĺ׼Ǹʲô̬ȣ˼ǿװס
ԣʱǶ⡣
ʱζû˵
˵ĺ˵СĻԼҹҲҪΪֹˡʦ֣ͬǽˮ¥̨ɱһʦܽСȥ
˵ʲôء
ȲϣǱ㵱ںĺǿֻ˵
˵䣬˱ѵ˺Ժ
һ֮ĺ뿪ˣʱһˣĺ˵Ļã¾
εɽǰС͵ŷǶţҪ˻ʱȥʱ̨ϣСˣ
ʱվЦݿʦôˣ
Сܵʱű߲˲䣬ںккֻ֮صߴת
Ȼ¡ʱƳۺС˵
ʦ
ʱº˲裬ݵʱǰ
ʱƷ裬ֻ˵˴СħԨ֮УҶʦ˵ˡ
Լ֪ʱʲôˡ
ʦ˵ǶʱһֱСߣڸ˿ڣҲְ
ɫĴ𣺡ȡ
֪Ҳδ˼ֻǰգСңСϵ˿ڡ
԰
ССʱ㱻ʦ˻ûʲôŮԳνŮ֮Ǻ⼸ʦһ𳤵ģԱʶǿʦʱºŵģЩͱ˵һ˵ҲʦܣΪӣСоЩС岻ȴܲ
Сʦ֣ѧСѾͷͤͤĴģƽƭȻҪΪֻعġ
״ʦĽסֱܻʱƽ˫˵ʦַģҲδ㲻Щƭ
ǹһһ䣬ʱʱƽ𽥳Ѻۣ֪ʦֿŽ㳤ҲʦֽԼİǻСġ
ʦַģұȻԽ㸺𵽵ס
ֿϿҵĿʱ˵ҶṼʦֵ
Ƶ¹ʱζûӦϾ˵⻰ʵԵɣʶıСлԼ
ʱмģЦ
ŽҲ⡪Ҳ᲻ҪҲҪΪҵ軡ôԽ᣺ʦĪΪģһŬġ
ʱ񣺡
лҪ˵û˵_


61 
ڲԺԲʱһȫȻ֪, ϼɽʯѨУĵģʦ˵˺ܳһλ
ԹΪʦҪϼ, Ҫѧ, ϰ, Ҫܡһ, ֺγΪԼҲΪض
ѧԽ࣬Խ࣬ʵԽ, Խ񣬽ص, ص, ִƺʤԽ󡣡
Ҳ, һֱǽţʦ𡢺ʦԶһ𡣡̲ס
㲻Զǽţ㣬ǳС֮⼸λʦ֣ͬҲԶǽšС壬ûвɢϯ
ʲô˼æʵ
Ժ֪ѿ̸, ת˻⣺ΪʦղҲͬ˵Ŭһ, ҲΪض
ʦǲһֱǽţ, ֻ˵Ҽǵá
ȳһʽִƺ壬Ϊ峤, 峤֮ųضС壬һ£ʹ
Ȼ񣺡ʹ
ѶĿᶨһ˵˼Ƕ꣺ضŮΪߣѵӦþô
ס
ȻǸõġ
᲻õǴСǽţ᲻õʦʦ
ǻصߣҲִߣҪжмΪ֮ĹĶ֮£ҪȾͬѪ
ִƺ֮뿪ߣ췽ҹ̷Ҫεģǽϼ壬ߺ塣

ȳصķʽ̫֣ΪʲôƫƫҪδУ
˺þãѵõģ޴ģɵɵĿŶѡ
Ѽˣ΢С壬㲻룿
ʦϤĽ̵ΪıǾȳ𣿡ʡ
ôʵ
ʦҪΪ׶ô
С壬˻ûġ
ɫס
ѿ󣬿԰ụ̂ǵС壬Ŭ꣬ǽƿȻʮȥҲˣһȳضĽݾҲϣ
ãɬĻأš
һɣѵºΪʦ֪ǸúӡŲõĽǱȻĸŮžۡ
Ҳٴؼ档
Ҳ뿪ߣɽӡ
ʦе㽣ʹӡȴҪһˡ
ΪδܾΣѭ䵽ϡ
ʦҡˡվƽúˡ
ȥ֮󣬶̾һ
СĲԸ
ͬδߺҹⲻ̣ص˼˵㲻ʲôˡ
һ·ججɽһֱ뷽ʦ˵Ļ
ȵɽţĽŲٿĶס
һûʡ
ʦΪ뿪߷Ķ꣬ϧһΪ
¼便ʲôĸһز
ڸٶ۵Լʶ˶Ѷصĸ顣
һ֪żתɿĳźɽɽȥ
Ϊ̫żܵ÷ɿ죬ذ׵Ӱһζֲ΢ζڼʯѨ֮ʱĽŲٿĶס
ʯѨſѾ˽硣
ǰһøʦˣŲĶסˡ
ܵһɼΪϤϢ
΢΢ӣʱ˫ɫѾ˻ͫϿ̻ŽɫĹ·
̧ȥʯѨȫò
ķڵͿУΪԭΪԼˡһ޵Ľɫ·
ʦδıĸһһ壿Ѳɡʦĸף
һ֪úһȻǴһתͷɽܡ
һ·ܣ·ʦʦͬкҲϾᡣ
ֻص޿Ժ侲һ£úһоôһ¡
ʱԺ
ոսʦʱͳȥطһ£̧Ž鷿
ֺСƨƨߵĸҧһ˺档
ƽʱȻҪѵģ첻һǰհ׵Сϡ
һСˣҪд
ִǺڿհ׵ֽſͷд߸֡ʦ׷ߡ
дµһǰ˼ǵ룬ûлԼȼвȽϴ
д¡ȼ֡
ּΪƯʷپԳɷǣǴԲâҲ͸һ
ֽϡȼ֡
ʵȼǲΪģΪϲҲΪ
ֺ滭һĲ档
ţдʱ֡
ʦҲΪ塣
˵Ƿزʱ⣬Ҳʱ֪Ѷˡ
˵һʱԼֻʦֵϺ󣬻
ţѹʱֺҲ˸档
дµ֣ҲԼ֡
ʶħԨͬ
㾭㲻ϲ
ԽԽеȻԼֺ滭һĹ
ǱڿСãǴչȥĽš
С᣺Ҵȥ˰
Сﹰ£֣СһƨϣմСŴһҧСϡ
С
Ժǲգñˡ
ĿСֿϡ³ȻɵǺǵĳС
ϵı鲻䣬ѾΣ֣С˵ȥҽǰҪúõˣǡС
Σյ֪ʮģֵʱСȥ
̧ž׷
СһֻСӾ壬ֱӳ嵽˲Ժ档
عСδü飬ͱס󲱾
ŲͣڵСΣֵ⣺Сұٶȣǡ
Си֣ͣһ˺һֻСȣ
֪˾ͺã´ٷҿ˿㷹ʳ
С֣۰һܲ䲻ˣ
ʱ㿴ԶһĨذ׵Ӱһ۱㿴
˼
Ҳԡ
мҲܣΪֻס
ôصˡ
ôô
ԭеǻܵѽ
ţϴЦȻС׼סԶԶ
һܹĽǶȣܹǰصԱŲŲԱڸõĽס
û뵽ȻԱһһʱûӦûɲסֱһͷײӲϡ
顣
Ҳô
ܵס½ܲˡ
סײ˵Ķͷͷĵƨû˲֪ͦŸص˭ײأôû㣬֪Ҫʦ𣿡
βǺģϢҲȣ֪ڿ϶ˡ
浹ùô͸Ͻ鲻õʱˡȻϲ㣬ɲʢŭµ
մʾ鲻ѵߣŶͷˡ
ŶͷҲˣͷʹڣԽԽԽԽǹǶײġ
һʱԽԽһԽԽг𲻱Ǿӣӱһ쵽ˡ
ûüɿͼ۷
ղôվģվˣ˵
ֱͦվá
ŵ𣿡
΢΢ſ˫ۡ
Ȼ̧־һȭţ˵Ҷͷײִ㣬ͷĸۣ
ұȽۡ
۸ƨվˣվһ㣬վҪÿ۹űֻСල
С໣
ҲûٿתˣڵıӰŵûôˡ
򱻷վҲıӰЦˡ
Ľ㡭ͦɰ
лҪ˵ʩ˾ÿɰ(w)


62 
ϼɽ, Ҫص޿ԺҪԺӲԺſ뿪, һ·ͨĻص޿Ժ
ʱɫѾ, ֪, ǵʱˡ
Ķʮ꣬ոһ, 긴һ꣬̿Ӳи, Ϊʲôأ
ĺŬΪ֪ʦ, ȶԴʦʱҪߡԣʦʧ
ʱŵΪʲôʦ츳áѧʶߣʦ𻹶
һЩ, ΪȻʦ֪ǲ֮ѡ֮, , Ҳİõıʦˡ
׹, ֻΪմ׵Ĺˡ
һҪסԼĺ˼, Ͷ֮С, Ծ
УһҪ붨
±۾ʹԼ״̬УԽҪ붨, Խ̲ס˼롣
׼ʱߣû˵㷽Ų룬ΪʲôôҸ㣬һŬ壡
ΪضǲТ壡
ҴǰΪֻ۸ʡݺȴδ뵽ԭΪ˾ȳذ
㲻뵱ˣƺȼ𾴵ʦ𣬶㵱ˣ
ʲôѡ֮ӣЦ
ԺըҳõĻصԺ֮УƵŭǡ
ԭ˳Ҳһ̱ƺҪ߻ħ
ϥϵ֣սŵ˫۽Ҳʼ
ЩƲסԼ
㣬ô
Ԩ˳
ٿ۾ǿѹºͷôҲû뵽ѡ
ָϧġһħͷöʹʱ㡣
ŴĴڣһ֪ʱ֣ͼߣȻǿ߾顣
ɲа
ʱûɫ۵в鸮н˳
վſڣԭ룬ǲǵĻ㲻ٴš
뿪ﴫﱻڵϵһһơ
ЩģմţѾ˷ţɫƽü۱䡣
£վվˣ
»ﱧŵС˵Сͻ㡣
ŶýżСԲĶӣ˵鷳ˡ
Ӧõġ
Сűת˼Ȧ֮󣬱ܵԺӵһȥѰδ˯Сˡ
޿ԺʱеӹɨССҲɸɾģСûþͿʼˡ
ʼˣûߡ
ûߣ֪ǽʱ붨ôҹδ붨
Щĵôʲôû鷳ǰϽ

룬Ȼתߣܿʧǰ
ˡ
ǸǨŭˣԼĪ۸ˣʱ֣㲻ĶƢˡ
ƽʱƢôã˵䣬Ȼ̧žߡ
̫ˣ
Ժⲽһƨ˷ſڵ̨֮ϡ
İɫҳȻ󵹳Ķֻ࣬һöѶͲӣмɫ޵ǹ
ҶһߣֽһԵȫ
ǰ鲻õʱ򣬱ϲһǣΪǶμѵ£õļԼĪ͵͵ǹˡ
˵ǹģԽҲ
ˡ
һΣôһöûˣ
ζЩġ
ôأ
ţ۾β÷졣
ֻδüȻ˽һֱֻߵǰ
û뵽ֻˣʶͷȥ񻹴ãȻԲ׽޴롣
ͷβ΢ţţоƿˡ
ûС
ﻹ˵ʲôģ
鲻ã㰡һ㶼Ķ
˵ŻȻ󽫱ƵǰҲˣһ̳ơ
̳ӷŵűߵĵڶ̨ϺֽĽ󿪵ԺŸϣߵԱߡ
ʳָŵߣһꡱƣȻ˵ԪͲôһС̳ƣȫˡ
һ㶣ʶ˵ǽŽƣǺôĵӣ
£ˣҾ˵Ҫȵġᡣ
죺û
԰ɡ˵ţԱ
ίͰ͵ĺһ˵ڶ̨ס
ûз˵һǧԡɵ˵𣿡
Щܡ˵ñ㳤
һҲˣ̲ס̴ٵЦһȻôôǳ𰡣üǰ¶Ȼǵá
ΪԼ粵ҲǼǳֻҼǵý˵ÿһ仰ѡ
ţƫͷȥңɢһԵĴѶͲӸװȥ
ע⵽Ŀ⣬ʣôˣ㡣
㻹ͦʶࡣܿջĿ⣬޲Ϊʦ㣬μǡ
̾һȻšһ
ҪҰϵôеҡ
һȥɡ
СĵĽǸɫġ߽ҷŵһߡ
ֽС̳õУľŨҾ޿ԺУţҪˡ
㡣
ζ㴼󾢺ܴ󣬲ɶ࡭
û˵꣬ͼץž̳ӣͷһڡ
䡣
һҾƹȥɤüͷʱѺȡ
㳢ʱɡüͷ˵
֣û
֣ףβȴѵģҾɺá
ɲǼû뵽ô׾ͱˣҡ
ҵˣҺʳ
ֻ˻ȥ
̱סС̳ӣòúȣҲˣǾζɫ۾һһյģҪ˯ˡ
֪ǰδȹƣұ㲻ø𡭡ˣָ鷳ˡԱߣ˯˯ģС
ΪƵƫͷɫ峺ƺʪˮ⣬ĵβմȾ˵졣
͵͵ʣɫǰδеôǲǶܻ


63 
ƺĽϴڷʡĺý, ˭֪֮󣬸εķˡ
ţ˵Ļòˣһ㶼, ҿϲˡ
Һһֱ۸㡣ž̳, üͷ
԰
֮¡
Ƕǰ꣬뷴, ַʽǸ֮£һֱ
Ϊʲôң
ǽţôһʦʦ, ûвġϼĳϿƵ, οǴСʱʼͱڵ
ôͲء
Ǹֵˡ
ΪʲôҪ㣿
Ҳ𣿡˲ɫӣ峺۾Բģȫɻ¶
һ˫۾ţһ, ô, Ҷϲ
ôס
Ҳ㡣
ʦʦö, ϶Ҳ¡
Ҳ¡
£㲻ǲң
Ƶ˵ûʲô߼, رȡ, ûкһ˳ִֵĵҲ㡣
£θ
¡
Ϊʲôңûдʦ𡭡
ĵУҲ¡
ʹ˵ĵִãִԼûģġ
İžֵǶҡȵԺ뿪ǽţʦʦúͳǶҪֳƿ졣
ǽŶʮأǷʲô
Ͳ, ҲģѾίˣԲίԼӡ׻۸ġ
һ
˺һӲ
ˣʶķʣҪȥģ
ʦҪ뿪
ʲô뿪
ǡ뿪̧ͷڵĻૣҲߡ
Ҫ˶ȥĿ׵ߡ
Լ˿ǻ᲻ôʦ֣ʦֶˣʲô¶˳ҡҲ᲻öʦ֣Һö౦ҺöʦȻ̰˵㵫ÿζԸ棬һְ塣ʦȻе֣СʱĹԸ
߶߶ãȼֶˣûԼ֡
̲ס˵أ
㶣ãתͷȥɫʲŷԭ۾Ѿȫᣬۿת춼û
㡢ôˣ
᲻𣿡ڴʡ
ᡣʵ˵Ҳûһˣһ
һʲô۾һһ
ۿת˳һɫջ䣬žžવ䵽˵ϣҲûһˣһ۸˻ôġ
Ŷ
㻹
Уȼ˺ˡ
鸴ӣѾ˵ˣͷһƬգͬߵӡ
ַ̧£¶ģһһĿͮͮ۾
һץס֣üʣ͵Ϯң
ᡣ
ûޡƲһ߿һ˵㲻ʦ㣡
Ŀˡ
ٺ˵˵Ҫˡ
ûᡣСһģûᣬûޡ
գһ۾˵á
ƭ
ָ˲ʪ۽ǣȻһһۿˮ
ֲָڣЩΪʡ
ɵɵǲûпޣ
ţܼǿ
ʦңߵı֣Ҵޡ̾Цˣֻ˵˵ţֿʼޣĺܣƾʲôܿް
ողɾᣬһδʪָ⡣

ûûˡ
ĳĬǵõһ㣬С˺ޡ
·޾Щίһ㡣
Щίֲʦ˵һ
ʦʶǽţ˼䣬һգҪУصߡ
һ֪úܡ
ƽʱҿޡ
ʱƵһö񾭣ͷͣȴһĶΪ
޵ģҲɵ룬ʦ𾿾˵ʲôĻýġ
Ѷ£ټϼ嶼һ˴ļϼ塣
Ľ㣬ʦƾʲôҪߣ
ŴָĦ۽ǣˮ㣬ʦ㲻Ҷá㲻Ҫ˺òã
㲻˵ʦ𻵻ѣʱͬβ͵èһŭ
Ǹȷ
ʦʦңпҵġҵġǱʶ˵סֻ֣һֱظҵġ
棬ȴʼδ˵׷ʣüͷ΢һ
ͷͼ䣬ͽļͷ
һͣ˼ɲԭҲ˵һ֪롣
ʱԺһƬհףֻʣһͷ㾹Ȼļϣ
ģ
״̬еŴ鸮̽һһΪ῿ɻëͷСӵδħͷȻͷβ
ħͷûˣɵ𣡵ùߵģôͺأ
֪ʱСˡڳ֣СĵĽ۽ǵȥʱѾˣֻǿļͷƺҪ˯ȥ
ߵӣһʱ
ƺǲעӣãգһ۾ˢԽ峺ĲɫӣڵС
ǰѯʹйں֪ԴŲɣΪС֨Ļǰ۸СҶ
˿̣峺ˮδұȴƫƫԡ
̵գСʮ껪ںУҲֻһֻ¶֪׺ôֻֻС꾫ߵأ
ЩУֻ׽꾫֣ȻЩԺ˵ң
ڿ㡣
շת࣬ߵ
˵ʲôʲôڿɵɵЦȻ˵ÿϧѽ
ϧʲô
ϧǽܻҪĴħͷ
ŵ㲻ͺˡ
Ϊʲô
ܸ㡣
ҲɵСߡ
Сߡૡ
šְǰ鷢𵽶˵㣬ʱĺףҲ㣬֪Ϊʲô𣿡
֪ͣβƺҪ˯ȥ
Ϊϲ㣬һУÿɰˡ
㣬û˵ѣģϲ㡣
ϲǰ
ϲСֻһһʵļؽÿһЦݡ
ŵĵȴĻӦ
ȴԴͷ䣬æסŷѾ˯ˡ
ʧЦ
ںһ˵ʲôء
ȵսѣֻҲҪ˽ʲô
Ĵϡ
ʹͷ˯գ˼Ʈ˷ĽѺ󲢲ǵýʲôϡ
ǵá
񽥽С
ĿüƣĴϡ
͵͵һڣҲ֪
ƺ޷˳ĵӴ
ĵͷһһĴսŵĴ
ת˲ǽߡ


64 
֪Ӻδһ, ڵĻϲŨƴɢµĹ˴ء
׵¹֮, ܹĿһɫ, Ҳܿ΢ŵľ̳ë
ֻҪǰһ㣬һ㡭
ǵ, ǲʵֻǽΪƶպ˵ϡ
ѵˮ㲻ϵһǣֱ, ϸ, һƬյù̡
ҹϡ֪ɬ
ùڽűߵС̳ӣֻһھòʡ, 滹ʣºܶࡣ
ͣ, ž̳ͷһ, Ҳֻøˡ
ЩԪʱ͵Ⱦ, ľп, ̳¶ǣɫ糣
ȵһ̳ȾŰ˯˼δɵ¡
һδͷȥҪ
ʱ޿Ժ⡣
ҹ;޿ԺŷŲסŵᣬŵһ㴼ľζ
СʦþȻ͵Ⱦƣ
ȹ
ʲôʱѧĺȾƣ
̫ˡ
ŷҲûȥš
޿Ժڡ
ߵٿĶס, Ȼֱӣ̧޿ԺŵĺڳĴ˹ȥ
С壬šŷ޿Ժ⴫
ʦŷţôˣŷʲôȻǲġ
һʱûгǿŷ˻ӦƿԺţҲɫ޲򶨡
ŷ龪Ŀǣ¶һĨº͵Цݣʦ֣ôˣ
ŷ鿴ϵͷ۲ѣô£
ҹģȻСԺʵǡͳ
Ȼģ
ŷ޿ԺĴŹϡ
鲻ãֻһھƣˡʵ
һȾƣŷҲ˼ֻѵһˣСȻˣͻط䰡ʲô
ʦ˵Ĳѡ
˵֮󣬾ֽᱧ𣬹ǽڷָ֫ϣȵĽס
ŷŭ˭㱧ˣ
ʦ˵ôҰѽͻط䡣ֱ׳С
ŷ鱻ҭð춼û˵ֻĿ̤ҡ
ȥͼվɵĸǰ˵Ĺ뷿ʦΪУñô
ŷʣѵͲǸˣ
СĵĽŵĴϣѵЬӣΪϱ죬Ҵ֮˳ȥ
ŷվķſڣ
Ͻ
ĸŷ޿ԺİŹϣſڵòӵŷ顣
ŷʲ˵ʦܣ㻹֪ӣԼأҹĴСȾƣ㵹һ㶼֪ܻ䣡
ʦûиʦôǲŷ˵ȵķʵ
Ȼʱŷһ㶣ı˼·ˣʦָøʲô
ȻħԨͬð治ɫŤʵ
ʲô
ظãҵˡ
ŷ飺
˵ʱãǿšϾϼΨһһҺ֪ʱСʦõˡ
ʲô
ôһ㶼ûǣ󣬶Ǹʲô̬ȡ
˲ˮݱңôã
СòǱ˵Ļƭ˰ɣ
ŷĿ⾪ɡ
΢΢һЦʦ֣ʱҲˣұȻȥˣԱ㡣
תȥıӰŷ춼ûзӦ
ãŷ鿴޿ԺŲһתȥѰʱ
ʱԺһƬڣŷŶ룬㿴ԺʯϣִԨĴʦ֡
ʱĿʹһֱԨϰŵһֻ¾ɵĽϡ
ŷǵãСʱģǼʦһһСѾͷСҲҲ͸ʦֵǿۡͲ֪ԺĸˣΨдʦ֣䱦Ľİ彣ϡ
ʦҹãкμ£ʱԨֱߵʯϣ׺ʯԵ΢΢ζ
ġŷ鲻ʦ֣һº󣬾ôίô
ʱĿɻ󣺡ˡʲô˵
Уŷֱʱ棬ͷ֦ҶïĹڹ߻谵ĺҹͶºôһƬӰ
ŷôʦңˮ¥̨ô궼ûƴСʦȥħԨ
ͷӰʦִʱġ
ʱ֣ŷ鿴Խͬ뱯ݣúòڡ
ʦܣл˵عĨǵġ
ŷԥʣʦ֣ʦܿ˵ʲô
ʲô
ǹС¶
ʱһ˵
ǡ
ʱѵôŷĻʦ˵ʲô𣿡
ŷͷæҡҡͷ
л˵˼ɡ
˵㡣
ʱʧЦȻ·Ϥһеʣͬ˵СħԨһУҪС帺ֻǣСΪ軣С
ŷ㵵ĿȻӣʦ֣ʦֱӴԲ˵ǣСá
ʱ񣺡
ŷ鱩ںˣòҪˣҷǵúúһٲɣ
ˡʱֹסŷ飬εôˣסɱСǸѧˡ
ŷ飺û
ʦ֣ô֪İʱ˵æת˻⡣
ȻҽСħԨ֮Уȥҹһʦܡǲҵ⡭
ŷϣĿʲô⣿
ʱ³֣зâʾȨ
Ȼأŷæ׷ʡ
ʱԼյǱһͬʦܵҲûʲô˼ģǱ򵥵ͬ˵ˡ
ҲұʦһúͿˣ뿪˲Ժϸϸ˼һĻжôš
ô˵
ʱԳһ˿ΣС鰮ֻ׷ѰֻһħԨ֮бʦܣЩֳ꣬ʲôأ
ʦ˵ŷšü⣺ֻͬ˵СãʲôԵɣ
Ŀ˵ˡ
ŷŭڻѻѴʦֵ껹ϼ壬ΪȡĹεĶ
굹Ҳ飬ֻС巴԰ˡʱ˵
ŷ飺
Щ
ڣʱҲû׷ǵĶʦܣ
޿Ժ
ʱɫ΢
ŷŵ㲻֪˾СơҸϹȥʱСѾòʡ¡ҲǶҼʱϵ򲻶εĲģ
ʱû˵
ԭתҵġãૣǳ紵ɢ
ʱ
ԺԺķһۡ
ϣʦ֪Ѷء
ʱʶ㣬÷Σ
֮һ֣ģ󵽡


65 

ҹ, ֱˣŻ۾ո˯, ûӦҹƣֻú񱻻һĸɡ
̵Ь´, ߵߵһˮһڲžúܲ١
ȵɤӲ, ŲŴˮϴƿ, ˯ѵ۾㲻һ١
۾ʦ֣
Ժ, ŷ˭ʲô
ŷƳͷɢģ, ıۣδü˵, õ˭Ժģ
ϵĻͦ, ҹһپûȺͿˣ
һãһ˲, ܿѹ, ŷ, ٵĴˮϴ, Լûһ˿ζɸɾ, ƿš
ʦ, ʲôģô֪ҹȾˣĶҹӡֻͣһȻ󡭡˵ûȻˡ
ء
֪
ŷ, ҪѵС壬˰ǽŽ, 㻹ҺһȾƣ˭ȾƲȣʲôˣ˭ɡ
Ŀŷ֣üҺȾô˰ʦƢͦõģ϶ƫ
ŷĿĿ·ʶһ
ôˣ
Сʦã

ûɣ㷽Ϊ˵ɣ
⣺ʲô𣿡
㲻Ǻˮ㲻𣿵㲻ǻҰϳǽ𣿡ŷĹϵ֪඼ͣʮǰϾòǽš
ǰԥһ£᣺ֵͦġδҲܶĴƫ
ŷôˣ֪ѼӲ⻹ǵһϴ
һʱ鸴ӡһѾ
ò˼ʲôѽ
С峤ˣϴˡŷ˵ţһתҲ֪Ͽʲôʱĺݾ˵Ȼ˲ˡĴôȥ㷴ദΪ˵ˣ
ǶǶǰ¶ˣ㾹Ȼš
ŷҲʱģԣδĶԹȻҲ
˳ŷĻʮǰģʱʲôݺݵĴһ٣ὣɱʱͬеĶ񶾴ʦ㡣
룬
鲻׼δ飬û¶ۡ
Ͳ½ʱΪʱ𣿡
Լϵͦõģܲɱɣ
ţδ£δ˵Ҳڡ
ŷҡҡͷҲաһҪ㣬ȷ򽻵Сġ
ƽʱ˵ѡ
ңãȢ㡣ŷƽĽҹž
ƽġŶһѽ֮ǰħԨʱҿˣ߶Ҫعš
ŷ飺
Ϊ˺С嵱伫Ҫˣ
ʦ֣֮ǰ£ôˣŷֱӲתƻ⡣
֮ǰڼݱʱŷɪҲ֪ˡ
£ŷҲɫ䶼̷壬Ұʾصȥǽ̷֮ǰ¶
ֵ¾⡪һƬհס
̷֪ǰǽŵġԣصȥѰ̷ǰ
ɻǰôû˵
ǰĽ̷ϰ꣬Ȼʶ
ΪʲôĽ
ϰ
ǽǴͳԽɣȻݲ޵֡ǽŵһŹ棬ǵֻϰ
ͷʾŷ˵
ǰңڼݱǼ˺۵ɪġΪħԨڼݣصػʱ䡣
ŷһһ䣬˵ħӡĺһ¡
һ
Ǹʱʵ̫ɺˡȻҲԸɣɪпħħ˼ϸ
Զֹڴˡ
ŷ˵Ϊ㻹ϼɪϵǳԣҲ˲ݣ˼ˡ
ԣ˵
ֳ
ֲãǴޡ
ħɪҲħ˼ȻϵɪɱҲΪ档
Σ˵ʦ֣ЩȲҪ͸¶ȥ
ɪΪħħצǶøʦʦ֡
û֤֤ħֻݾߡ
ѵǽŸħ񶾱ɣǽţȻǻ£
סŷ飬жԲߣʦ֣ʱ
Ī֪ɪΪħŷ鿴гģ̲ס˵ԼڻҵĲ²ǲֻܶϣ˿ɣ˶ۡ
ָ˵֪ʱϵϵİɫңһöѶͲ˵Ϊ֮ǰңɪΪħ
˭
ܿͻ֪ˡʱ򣬻һϷʱһιǽеˣ
ŷ鿴룬ȻУˣΪʲôһ㣿
δʦ˼ҡ
Լ𡣡ŷʦ֪ʷŹ棬Ϣ˰ϽȥҴʦ췣
һ̸΢ʦ֣ߴʦѽ
ŷһۣûʱѾ֪ˣ˾ҪܷС壬Ǵʦ㣬ñʡ
ŶԴ߳޿Ժ
ŷһסʦֲ򣡡
ȥʦܡȻ˵ҵģôܾһܷ
ʦֲķ㣬ʲô
˾ҪܷʦֲңҲʦԷġʦַģΪʦ㣬Եñʣ
ŷ飺
ĥƤӣ˵˵˵ǱɣŴȥ뷨
û뵽ȴ겻ɢȥʱվ˴ʦǰϴ
ŷƫͷȥȻĿԼɵʦöεʮ⣬۾ﶼЦ⡣
ŷ飺
һʱ׼ֶ̫ߣһֻзʦ̫ƭˡ
ʱĺŷ࣬ĿΡ
֪ʦǶĵǣվʱǰԱʱԱߵ˵ʦܣͦ
Ȼǲýһܷ
ŷ廰žҺʹʦֳҪǵĻˣ
⻰˵ļǹģʾĻ죺ұܷҲֲʦֻдʦܷҡ
ʦ֣Բҷˣ㷣Ұɣ
վһߣ̲סп첻µزµĽ㣬ڴʦǰǹɡ
ʱδĿ⾡ϡ
֪ʷȷ÷
ʮ顶Ծŷ͵͵
ûôĴʽˣ˽ԲؾǽǲСĴ󣬰Ź棬ÿɽ
պĵڻع飬Ϊ˽飬εԭʱĴϣ飬ı顣
֮⣬ĵһͬǽŵģвȼǫ


66 
ǻһ, С꣬ðСڹɽܣε޿Ժͬ˵Щӵļš
֪ʱ, ε˵˽ӵϡ
ʦ㣬ҵһδɽǰʦǧҪҴһ𣬽أɽ͸ûӰˣε˵һʼΪСģǱʲôֿ°, ôѶͲϵ֪ٴ, ˵ʲô
ε˵ţ
˵ң
εࡰߡһȻŵʦʦܱͬ˵ġҾƶˣĸʦ㲻ǸǲǾֻűȽģ
̿ʦã˵ôԽԽأ
, ʦ, ԽԽ, ڻڹɽȦ, ȥ
ȥ, ء
, ȥɣҪһʦʦߣ򳡣

, վ, óһѻƵĹɽʮɡǵֽɡ, ſͬεһ˳ȥ
εǰߣһ, ֺǺǵ˵Ҿ֪ʦ϶һȥģ
°ˡ
εʦȣ˼ϡ
ûꣿǲҪʶһ´ʦϣ
ͦõġεͬ˵˴ɽһ£ֻʦѡӣȴʵôԼĳҪţǸÿ֪ҿʱҶˣ
Ѿͷ಻壬νԼվһ˶ȥˡڣ·˲ŵȼһ·İǺҲûʲôΣա
εԵĸҲóһ·ġṦΰʵ뵱޴ŮίʵҲΪš
ȼ
˼ƮԶֱεֱۡ
ʦ㣬Ǹճһ·ʦܡ
ɢ̧ȥѾǣܿܵǰվ
Сʪͷȴ漣زǱ͸˱ˮϴ峺ᡣ
㣬𣿡
εࣺ㣿
ε΢һףʦá
к֮󣬳εҪʦ𣿡
˵ţɡǰͷƣ߲˻ȥ
ֵָ¶ȴָһ㡣ұܷǴɡҲ˵ȥ
εࣺʦ㣬ɡܱܲбɡϵˮȫͷˡ
š
εӹɡⶶ˶ɫԱ߲˲࣬ñһˮ
ʦܣ㣬ʦʦ㣬ұ㲻ʦ𣿡
Цᣬһ˿ʦȻʦġ
Ȼʦ㣬ҴĶ˵߾ߣûҷ𣿡
Ȼǡֻʦڶʦʦãһ٣ߣȴһ˶ûС
εէһͦеôôԣ̧ܱܣô֪һ٣
ʦʵǿȻҡ
ʦͲʵǿôǲǿʦ㣿

ЦʦÿǸˣܵû˵
Ҳʲôͨˡ
ƽ󣬴ϣˮ䣬ɫЩ԰סһεʦԵζ֮Ҵδ˵Ļʦ㣬Ҳһֱ˵
һֱ˵ˣʦеһô˵
УҲǵһ˵ţᡣŵǽҲҪһ߰ʲôΣգңҲܶһݰʦӦҲϣΣȴɣ
εࣺϣϣһ£Ϊʲôڴʦ߶ң
ȻΪʦ㱻ӳѽ
Ҳǡ
˵ţԶ˵ӣ˵ӻȥ£εֽɡҴȥ
ɡƤӵʦ㲻һ㲻ѾͷҲܱƽȥ
ޡòǫӦһ䣬˵Ķʵ
˵ͼżæŵ˹
С壬ȥŽأ
ʲô
ҡҡͷҹźȼҪ鷳ộǻǿȥɣŷͳǶأ
һ˼̧Ÿŵȥֻ뿪ǰֽɡݸ
˱ϽزԺû¶Ϲơ
ֽɡɡϻů¶ȡ
ȼʱǽţΪʲôأȻ²ȼĿģŴ˴Σǫǽš
ɪһֱ뽫һȼǽţǾǫЩ֤ݡ϶Ǻ֡
ȼȻˣζɪҪжˡ
һ㣬̧ű׷ȥ°ڱס
һŽӳʦ֣㡣
ɫ˺벽°֮䣬ʱĻŹȥ򶨴
ʦðѰңΪʲôأ˵ŻĵĽɡǱߵ˵ݡ
ðܹģѳʪɡݹˣԷһЩȻ˵Ҳ̵ɫЩÿʦ֣ǲǷ˴
ȻǷ˵ġ
ãѡΪֻ֤ºǫȲĸɪǽѾüˣɪûʲôȥˣԭȻҡ
ɫ䣬ֻȥ˱֪ˡʦҪһô
һϼ壬˵ն
á
˵ţɡԶ֡
ЦᣬɣǴʦɡܸʦء
ʦ׷Ŵʦĸ£˹ȥʦ۸𣿡ǲޡ
ʦúʱҲǷˣ
Ǹֻǲġ
ǽ
룬ȼǫڣƶǶǰºϣʹɥȪ
ȡˣ֧ڼʦ֮⣬ֻһҵķ䡣ûãұ㲻֪Ϊβʡˡ
ڶšлȴæķˣҵΪʲôˡ
аŵĺϽȥĸײǺϱ˳ĸ׵
Ǻĸݷ꣬һ̼御
㡪ȴҲŹź󣬻صȥĸ׵ãҪϣ֤
ȼ絶ѪǺ޶㻹ʲô˵ģ


67 
, εãʣ֤أ
ڤ粻飡ȼ
̧, ˺ɫħϵУϵħϻɵĺɫ֣ҲֻǽһƬɫȾƶĺɫ
ĪΪ׵ĳڹڴ, ٿվ, ƷԸ𱬵ҷǾúħϣ
ħΪħԨеޣħϵ˲࣬ǰǰħսǰʶħϵҲָܲɣ޷һˡ
ħҿ۵Ĳš
ǫħϡ, Ŀⲻ, ڴ㵡⸴ǿĺ, ħԨ
ɪ, ħ
, ʱûע⵽Ĵ㵡
ſ, ȼĿ⿴ȥ˲ԼͬջĿ⡣
ʲŲ˵ڰһ仰϶ֽţ, Ķʲô
޷Է, ôΪħº˲֪, ħսթΪζĸʹɱ֣ҲֻԼ֪
ԼҲ˵, 㷿ˣ֮⣬ǫΪβţãΪβǫħϣݺңٺܿ죬Գͱȼ鷳㲻ôԴϺúһ룬δҲǫǫңôģ
ʱҵδˣ㺦ĸʱΪ벻ҵδޣ
ǲ˻޹أͷβǫһԵݣǾϲ⣡
ǫ¸ӵ飬֪µ޿ˡǰ󣬹ǿȵģűʮŷĪҪٽƱˣʲôˣңһ
Һȼ˵ʲô£һȥ
ȼŭûˣҪִԲ𣿷ǵҰ˦ϣſϳ𣿡
ҿң̲ˣվԱߣһ𳳣ûС˵ºûϵ𣿡
ŷ鿴ٳͷˣ룬ҲħԨӡС嶼ûôħ
ţС壬һǫʱħ˽Ķ࣬һѪǫΪħôһ±ֵˡǴС壬±ħԸ
Ī֮ǰʱ֪ħԨӡɶһ¡Ϊħûİ
ǫ
ǫû뵽ת˲֮еìͷȻָһ粵û뵽ȼѾڣΪ˵ˡ
ΪζҪңҵĸףߵģһͬʦ֣
ٵһͬʦΣǲɢ϶ˣοǫǶϵĴӣ
Һ˵ʲô¶
ʦִңһܰ
ȼЦԲѣùң
ʱһԿǳȥĪ˻⣬һʱĬֱľûô򵥡
پûôˣСôܴ򲻹㣿Ҳ֪˭ǰС׷ŴǽŵĴţ
ĺĺǽŵĴ֮𣿡
ŷʲô̬ȣǱʲô̬ȡ

һʱ䣬졣
ĪͷͣŭˣǶ˵Щʲô߰ģס죡
ȼȴδͣǺĪһ㣬θ
Ҳʱһˮ·Ըƽһ궯ˣڳʲô
Ȼֹ
ȼ͵Ҳ˵ˡ
ʱԵĪŵΪͻأûˣС򲻴ùʱǰˣǲµˣ
ŷ飺ţˡ
˵ˣ
ɪվſڣţôҲˣ
ĪŸɿһ⼸Ӵģ
Ī˵ţֿɪŸǱԼ˵ȼ֮ĶԹ
йʣزҲΡȥСжֽšĪŵִ£ã¶ô죿
Ȼ˵̣ҳ󣬻᲻𣿡
Щ궯еѰˡ
ȻСģСûȥɪϸĵҲϣС屻ƽ޹ʵԩˣһҪҳ˭֡
ĪŵͷȻ
ԣѾƶˣԩȼ
δ֮ǰ¶ۡ
ʣ̣˵𣿡
ԣҪСϴˢԩɪ˵Уһؼˡ˵յӵҲõļ֤ôúһʣǱˡ
Īŵ
ʱɪ֪˱Ȼйϵġֻǵֱָ֤ôҲͲнһˡ
Ϊʲôأ
ѵĽʦˣ
ôһΣֻ񵹸أ
һʱ񣬲ʱ˽
ѾʪѻˣֽɡŵſڣվԱߡ
ʱƳõֽɡǰģһʱ鸴ӡ
Īʣ˵һ˵ǰڲϷ壬ûпǫ
ĿǫֻΪС˵ѣɪҲʣ϶ڣʱ˵ѣ֪
⻰ѣҲв
ʱֵ꣬ɪŹϾɪﻹİѱ
أ
Ը
ԸⱣ
֪˿ȴָ֤ͺˣһ㣬ʱҲɺݵһ㡣
ĵĻᣬ˵ʱұ˵úˣǫʦֵȷʦǰ֮ǰȥһá
΢鸴ӡ
ɪϵЦһһĽӲָܿ糣û뵽ʱˣҵꡪ
ȷû˵ѻôɪһһʵްӣ
ǫϵҲû뵽ɪ˵ˣɪȻҪԸ
ʱԼ˲õԤС
ϣҸĿô
ɪһ٣Ȼǡ
һ֤ʲΪħݰ϶üޣɪıܷ꣬Źĺûᣬԣ㻹ʲô֤ݣ˵һΪСϴˢԩɡ
µЩ֤ݣǫİ£ȼǾռˡ
ȼδ˵ǱЦƵģڿҪΪϴԩΪεĽˮҵأģʲô˼
ɪһ֪Լǳ嶯ˣݷߴиɻС壬һƬ⣬ȴңίʵĺ
ȼ֪ʱѾŲſڣҲûע⵽Сվſڣ˵㲻Ҫָ޹֮ˣ㣬ɸһԣ
кβң
ɪĿִ
Ƕ飬ĺӿķȥ
ȼ֮Ǵ˴ħħϱȻѡħѰӡֻ迴ħǷ㣬֪㾿ǲħˡ
Ȼһ𣬴һѪ˿ħϵĽŲ׷һתžɪķȥ
һ
ɪû뵽ԽԽħϣʶѿڶħʲôʱħˣֻǡ
ɪȻֹ
˽ħϵġ
ħԨĪ⣬ô˽ħԨأ
лҪ˵ڸమɱమǵģˣҪɱqwq


68 
µ, һĿȻݷȴһʹ̽ɪǰ¶Ϊħݡ
ɪҪȣΪļ, ٺܿı, һ, ģ, ԽԽ顣
һȺħϰ, 㶨ΪħˣƾʲôɪС壬Ҵ㲻, ΪҪң
ⲻݣʵ
ĪŴλվɪħԨӡĺһ£ڼ, ̷ǰǽ, ҵʱĹݡΪ, Ҳ, ָΪη, Ϊǽ龫, ֮δг֮, ҲŴӦû뵽, ݷ, ħԨӡɶ֮ʱ¶ţ
㾿ʲôɪ
ȼʱ˵ʲô, Ҳܺ档
̧֣һöȾѪĴѶͲУͲɪʱ, ˮɫĹâͲϵС
ǰϵȡҲţΪʲô
ɪٿĿǫҵǫҲĿãȻ
Ѿ֪׹ˣȼͷ˲Ծһֱûв𴩣ҪĻɪ
Ƿְ˵ϣҲڵɪ
ˡ
ȴӲ֪ɪΪħ
˾ħΪ顣
ǳ裡
˶ħԽУǫƸ۵ľģһ渵
˵ǾͨҽɪΪΪҲֻߣ뺦˭Ҳû뵽ܹߡ
ʷʦҲڣɪ任ԣѡħ֮Уһɽ˦ʦõϣƻ䣬˱Ȼ١ȻʱЩӣ˳˺üꡣΪħϲ֪˭ɾˡ
ǫ˵زɪʦʱѵǲҡ
ʱǽˣǡƾͼơ
վһߣǫ˵ֺ޷ӦȻΪ֤Ԥϵֳ档
û뵽ǫδü˵֣ͲͷĴϻôʲôص˵
ٿ̧ڴ㵵ĿĽȴδ
죬ҲԼµаʲôɫѡά
á
̡
˵ʦãôʲô˵ǽˣǡ
ʲô㷽ѵôѵң
ǫƳſѡĿڲһ¡һҲǱħƭĿˣҲΪһá
ǽˣǡǽŵĵӣƽϢҡѡ˽ƾͼƣȡ
ɪŶҪԭƻ£֮߸ʦãǣ˽һĻ
ǫߵĵɪʦ꣬ȻǱħŮƻ³
ɪЦһҹƻѵ֪ʦħô
һþ㾲
ħĵӣоΣ
ǫɫޱ䡣
ʱ˰죬˳һУΪǲˣС壬ΪҡħԨӡɶΪΪȺħƳӡ˼׼
ֻ˼ˣħ̵
ɪĿȻĿıƣԱֱӼΣһգħ㼣ӡ½
ȼϷƭҡƭħǻḶ۵ģ˿̣ɪҲ׹ԼǱˡ
԰գ֣ſڳȥȼʱε˹ȥ
ĪҲ֣ƱҪɪ
ȴ룬ȼÿɪļȴֻһźɪȴת˲֮ʧ١
ǡ֮
ħһס
ȼס۵Ĳģ죬޲ýɪǧС
ɳܵħ
ǰܻץģɽѾˣɪܲ
šôʣȼҲֻܵͷ
ĪŴʱ˵ԣǵһϷΪɪ
಻ףϺ
ĪЦŰڰ̷ֻ֣壬Ҳһħ⣬ʱһ£齻㡣
ʱӦǡ
˽ɢȥΨƷҴ֮С
ˣ롣ǽŻҪ㣡ĪŰ
һعҵĵ˵ͷ
ʱ磬һ̤һѤõĲʺ硣
ģűߵֽɡĸǡ
Ŀ⣬ʼڱȼ˴ӵŵϡ
ֻʼնûٿ
ȼԶԶ
С壬԰ݸϷ㻹ûһͨǲǴĵģ
̫Ҳ𣿡
ٺʣԣô°
ʵ뿪źȼ㽫ԼԺп˼ڤ룬֪˭ʱԺĻȴһĻһĻȫ
ԣѡԼģ
ȥĳϦһգһϵȴٳûеõӦ
ֻü׷顣
ں˻ӦҲǹĺħԨޣԼõ˶ϵöȾѪĴѶͲͲϲ֪ɪϵС
ϵһôһбȻʡ
ϵҸһеʱѾĸºˣѾȥħԨһ⣬ʱɣǡ
ʱŭˣɪĸףţΪħǾԲˡġ
ڴѶͲһͷŭȵ΢ȶһЩ֮˵
֤ǹˣɪƶˣһõʱ㲻˵ǽĵһôǽţǱһϷ
Ҳд⡣
󣬱˽һ־硣
ŷȻ򣺡С壬ԭǰ˵ġϷֲá
ʦϵúܺá
٣أ
ʦҲܰѽ˵ţеĴʦ֣ʦֲɴһ۱㿴͸ɪݷĿġ
Ѱ˼ҲѲ°ħˣΪ޷Щ¡ȼΪ⡣
Ѳһ԰
ѡȼĿڣʦõȷͦģͦġһ˶ĸˣöʦʦδұһˡ
ȻأȻķʡ
ȼһƢĸİԺô찡
ŲȻס
ȼޱ飬̽ʣˣ
ƽʱҲûôС
߻вʺ硣
ȥʺ𣿡
ҡҡͷ˵ֻǾãõʺϽһ»ԼȥŻȻͬȥʦ𡣡
ȼʲô
ûӦšսڣȴת˵Լ
أ


69 
޿Ժڵĵطͬ·, ڲ·ڷֿȼҲûĲɵ뿪ˡ
ٻͷһ˻, ȼ, Ȳ˵һҾ֪ǲ᳤ã㿴ȼ, ˵ɵˡ

ŷʣôôͻȻҪԼ֮ǰҲû
ҳʱһ, ô˵ŷĺĺ, ΢Թ
ŷ飺Ҵˡ
С嵱Ǹɴ, ˿ˮɪ˵ʰʰ, , Ҳ˵˾ˣ
ʲŽǵȻûҰ첻ɵ¶
С, ָ֮֮, кδ㣿ŷʡ
ô죿Ǳ, 
ִ, ȻҪǾ֮ϣŪ硣
أ
ɻ
ŷ飺, ȥ
ǿ, ѾԶԶĸһ·ˣ˵ʲôӽС塣
á
, ҾҪͣ
ŷĪûȻǲʶ·Ҫͣ
û𣿡ŷ޿̵˵
֪Ķ, С屻׺ƭȥ
δ˵, Եһۣ˵ĸСˣزԺҲ·
ŷ鿴١
ٲԣаĿŷ顣
ٰŷĵٵļ򣺡ɵʲô, Ժôأ
ָٺһС屻ƭˣԼܲƭҡ
ŷҿ϶õٶ仰Ĺܻĵһսߡ
ٲ⣬ʱѾƵ߹ˣһ㶼Ǹһ·̵ٶȣɢ;һ㡣
㡣ߵǰվȺк
šһ
ͬŷٴкȻͬ·ʦ֡ʦ֣ͽȥá
ûȻǲ֪·С壿ŷĲ
ЦЦǿһѽ
˭Ҫһ𣿡
ǣˣʦʦ֣ǻذɡҺʦܻлҪ˵ˡ
˵ֱ֮ӿ첽뿪
ԼµʲôЩͬʱŷЦЦŷ˵ơ
Ǳͽɣʦ֣ʦ֣ˡ
˵ţ̧ŸУ׷˿ߵ
˵ľԽԽŶƫͷ΢ʹüۣƺЦ˵ʲô
ŷ鿴ű㲻ˬ׷ȥסʦܸղôСˣ
ء
һħԨò߳˰ɣ
Ϲ˵
һߡ
Ǻܿߵ޿ԺһֱϵģЩĲ֮⣬ʲôûʡ
ЩϰߡƢôӦŭƢ𣿵ʱԣϸȻعںÿ
Ѿ޿Ժ룬̧Ÿ˽ȥǰֽɡһߣߵԱߡ
£յűСһʵ
㷽Ų˵лҪ˵ô
Ͷʦ˵ˣߵġСĶ䣬ĵĵҺû˵
ϵЦݲ䣺ʱ磬һȥҲ¿˵˵ɡ
ħԨƺøˡ䵭ʦܡ
һ£ɵġĸĿڣʦ㡣
ϣʲôҶѾ֪ˣ޷ǱɪΪ飬̡ĿһһıΪѾ֪ˣԾʡʦܣ겻ɢ׷˵ʲôЩϻĻѾ˵ˣҲˡ
ûеŭ壬ģҲġԽĻѿڶ㣬ҡ
ʦ㣡
ʦ㣬ɪһЩϵҲδӺˡؾ᣺Ϊһɲء
˵޹ô
֪޹ֻһ£Щ֪꣬ɪĻ˶ٶ¡
˵ڣֻܳĬ
ѡͶɪһʱûʸ޹ΪŰ
˵Ǳ˵
˵㲻㣬Щ꣬ɪʲô£ҿ㾿ʲô̶ˣ
ɪƽ˾ݷǽʲô
ʦ㲻ѾҶ𣿡ãϵЦ⾡ʧֻԽỺԵΪ죬͸һļµŤʲô˵أ
ڤ粻飬Բģ򴽣»еС󣬵ڽɪҪ֮ǰһֱΪֻ˵㣬㲻
ҲǣħԨһУ㻨强ѡ
˺һֱңһҩΪȡůôһˣôһְֱ
Ϊ֮㻹ΪҵᡣСʱôίһˣôΪҵ᣿
ʱҾ;ãҴǰĴˡҸԼ㲻Ǻúӣˣһʱ䣬ʱǽŵǶʱ䣬Ϊƫ˺ܶ಻õ顣
ţʱ㻹ǸʮСӣҴ㻹ɱ㣬ǶҰ
ûС
˿ǺҵΪƢãһֱݻƢҡ
ĺΣһ룬лᣬһҪǸҴˡ
ϸ֣֪ԭ֮ǰĸơ
ϧˡ
Ԥϵ˵Ļжô
ίһ㣬ܹǨһ㣬Ͳ
ûС
˵֪ίΪ
Цڲ֪ûд
ȷǺĸΡĹεĶˣǽϼ壬ΪҪתͶɪ
ѡħΪ飬µ񣬻ڤ粻飬֪ڸġ
ڣǰװµ޹ģ
ڷŭβ죺㻹ƭҵʲôʱ򣿡
˵ƭ㣬ѵûƭ𣿡ʣȼıϷɵһΪ֤ʦ㣬θ룿
ֻۣ˵óڣô˵ĪҾ͸ǧָȻֻĵΪ֤ף
ħĹͬ㣬ɪһΪԼĴŵԸ
֪ķʣΪʲôأҿΪ֤׵İôƫҪȼıأ
ܲҪ仰ˡ
ŭģݱ˹ȥݵԱһܡ
νȲ֪ڸģұڸΪֹ
ѳڣǱƫĳУӭĻݱ
ƺѾ˼ˣܻĳС
˳ȴ죬־ǲ£һΣʽ͸ŹŹ֣
Ȼ
ʮ֮еĳݱĲ
ͶɪôΪѧ
˵ʱֶڶ΢Ĵʹɫ糣Ϊ˫Ҳóϰǲı·ұֻһƽӹ
ʦ㣬ʲôûС˲ֻԼȥȡ
Ϊˣϧһдۡ
θߣΪʲôң
Ŀ
Ŵ
ǲģ겻侮ʯͲˡ
ѵĽ˶
ûбŭͷԣûбƣǶϤĽ̵࣬ǲǾͲ
ģƶĶˣôɫأ
۾ɿԹһĨĹ⣬͵͵˵ʦ㣬ҳɽΪ㰡ף㽫ұ㲻ܲҡ
ᣬܵͣýŤ޵Ĺƻ󣬷·ҪԨ
ڶģԼһĨ⣬ͬħԨա


70 
˵껰, ԸԳĿȻ׵ɫյദߵϽ˽͸
׼ǿһ㣬Դ˷
á
ƾʲôٿķʣ㷸µĴ, ƾʲôҪҳе
һ
ɫЩ԰, ּᶨ˴Ӧܵͷ, һζΣ
, ҿ㣡
Ļʮ˵㲻ƽӹ, ȥ̷ͬǰѧ, ѧô, ѧ˸ʲô
ݱƿ, ϵһĨѪۡ
΢ʹ, ٿٸһλ, ĵ, ҡ, ǽţ
ǰƽĳصУ, , ˸⡣
Σߡ
, Ӯ
Ϊ˲뿪ǽţҲΪƽϢеŭ, һ, ʽԱһθΪǿ
׿һһʽױȵ
ǵŮ⣬мΣҪеĻݱ
÷ս˻ݱ, һγ˹ȥ
ͬʱеĵҲ˹
ĻݱƫĲιǣеĳ½ǹȥһ°ڱ䣬Ʈ䵽˵ϡ
γݱ˺ôһѪųڵϣɫ԰׶Ұܡ
ûпӶһģĿȾѪĻݱϣڣ̣ǽţ
Ļģһƣǰ
㣬ж಻ңδƣЦݲ԰
ҵĽҲٿ㣡
ƣȾѪǺɫԽ
֪֪ɪҰѱ£ΪʲôҪ𣿡˵ļŲס

ƮƮģȴִŲɺӵԹޣΪΪᱣҰ
ûС
Ϊһд㣬Ҵס
û˿飬һֱһԸ
ΪʲôʱգһԸ֮أ
һ仰δ˵ڣת뿪
վԭأȻ
Ա߶˺þõСŸܵԱߣſ죬ҧס۰ڣĳ˳
û˿Ӧ
ֻǿһ·ѵ޿ԺѪ
޿Ժ󣬳ŲԺķûã㿴һӰ޿Ժķƶ
ɫѾҹ£һƬڰǿˡ
ǫ
ȻӹѺĵطܳˡ
Ųһתǫǰ
Ϊ߻谵ǫֻŲ԰׵ȴδ˵ļ
ʦȥĶʵ
ȻȥѰʦ㣡ǫ飬صѹЩģҽ죬ǰ㰡ԣȻҪֻġ򡭡Ҳƽ㱳ǡƾͼơĹˣ
ƮƮĵʦ֣ȥˡ
Ϊʲô
ΪϾҪˡеķŭ޴йȻǫֲˡ
ǫЦô㻹ɱڣ
ֻǿ˰ˡ
Ūܾˣõǰڲŵʱ
Բѣ

ҹɫŨء
ʼ޷붨뿪޿ԺȥѰʱ
Ѿˣϵǣʱ񲢲ںԺ
ôˣȥĶأ
Ȼ뵽ĪʱΪģп̷ܱһ¡
ʱôδȻΪ˲¡
һֱ֪ʦִģûв鲻ġ
Ҳ˵ʱпܽϰҲΪɪĶ¡
ʶһܵģܵ˲Ժ
ڲԺſͣ½ŲΪ̫ܵ죬΢΢ЩĨͷϵĺ֮΢һһ߿˲ԺĴš
ԺһƬڣǿԺʯϵ
ȾѪιǴ˿óδΪȥܾˣѾԷֹסѪ
ҹãڵʣʦ㻹ʲôôҹô
ǣĿΪʲô
ǫ֮󣬱һֱԺУ˺ܾáʱȻЦһִӵػõĸо㲻ǲϲңԲԣ
һ
ɪŹңЩºܿͻᱻҸηϰҪߣ󷨵ƣΪ˱ң𣿡
ǹңԶԶܸǹҵϲ𣿡
˵ţվһһĿܹᵽϵѪζԼߴļǿѹȸС
ϲҵģ𣬽㣿֣ò
ĺҪˡ
á
ЦһʦܣܻҸжҵǺͰ׵Ĵʦˣ
ΪʲôԸģ˵һϲңôô죬ΪʧѪ࣬Ỻȴּᶨơ
δü˵ĽŲ𣬺üŽư۵ǽŵӱ˲Ժ
еĵҫ۵Ĺâܿ㽫ⷽԻ谵ҫ
Ϊ׵ʱһ
ʲô̵ģȴҪĥĥĻزԺֱ߲
ʦ֣ΪʲôЩֱʵ
̷̫£һһʱָָվԱߵûҴĿĺһ
ΥŹϰɪͬۡҴΪ˴˵ǽţ
ʱһⲻŹ档
ǡ˵ʲôֿǽŵ̫ˣĵ˵ǽ㴦ɡ
˵ʱԱߵԭȾȴ
ʱ΢ǰһɫĸߣֱ˵ұ㲻ϸΪ׮¡ֻŹ棬㽫ϳڻ˼һ꣬ǽţ飿
ԱһλãĿĿĮ΢һα䡣
ʦ㣬𣿡
ʻƺǾò˼飺Ӧãʲô飿
ɫҵ
£ɣ֪Ⱳˡ
ʱǣ³Ŵˡûб
ΪʲôҪ
ȥʱֵǰ
ǰѹļ뿪
Ӵʦ̽̽ͷһֱƵ˵ļԭѾֹѪ˿ڣѪע
ʱƺȻƫͷȥһۣ̽Ŀ𴦡
ھʱ򣬽ŲסҲʱǰֱ˵Ҳġ
㵱ھңҰٰ裬˵
ʮͬ¡
ΪϳǽΪ˱ת˲֮䣬ʱֺԥվʱ
Ա룬Ȼ飬ΪʲôҪҲҪΪ軣
ӦǣΪʲôҪд
ϣˣһʼûУ


71 
֮,Ժܿ찲˵Ժعžڰ
֪Ϊ,Щ,,ͷߣ޿Ժ
߻谵СԺУʱ߬ס,ָȵģᡣ
ʶ,ʱܿ촫Сϲ
ѵĶһ١
ʱ,ִֵĵŻش
һĬǻˣҲϲ
֪ǻˣΪʲôҪ
ʱ֪˶ٱŹ棬ǽŹǹ,֪ΪܵĳͷԣΪ˱һ鷳,Ҫڶ·ǰߡ
ʱ˵Ҫǽŵһ,һ
ûС
˵ûУûУʱʣǿ
ʱĬȻһһɿ󣺡ȥϢɡ
֮ãվԭسһ£˵ʦ𣿡
ʱһá
ʱѾǺҹ,ҹɫīСϣһʱ˭û˵
쵽޿Ժʱ¶һ˵ʦ֣Ѿѵˡ
Ҵļιǣݱ͸˿ڣп²мһҪá˵ڱ˻ܡ
ǽţϵķʽʱŶ֪ǽųһλͽ
δõ޷ݡĳͷΪѾˡ
ԣܲܲҪҲҪȥˣ
ûеȵʱĻش𣬻ӦǳõĳĬ
ʦ֣Сĺһ
ιǣӰõ

ΪʲôҪά
ʱѾߵ޿ԺſڣδΪʲô˱վԺſڡ
Ϊʲôأ
Ϊ֪ʱ֮ġٻҲݣûжƢйԹΪġ
ðʱܾĥδˣΪ¶ġ̵顣
ңȻ˵ϲ
δŮ֮ϲ
ָоر
һʱȥӦʱֱĴС壬㵽֪֪Щ˶ٶ£
ǽвħҲħ
ȥʮ䣬дСʮ̸𣬽ɪָʾеħΪմȾʤ
Щʵ£Ѳ˸ϵ
ɪһҵĵаˣҾԲȻ뿪ǽš
ٿĿʱ֪ٶ£ȴδɪɱ˵ĵ
ʱڼС壬޹ű̷ηϰɪԴϼӵˡ
ˣֵ
ãԼǣӦáʦ֣Ǹˡ
˵ϼ壬ʦӵңǴشʱǶԵġǽš
ҴˣҴˡȻʧૡ
ʱ̫ԣ԰οѾת޿Ժ
ա
ѱڻһºֵܿ˾֪곤ĵӶ֪˽УĹεУ֮һû
ȥѰȼģȥѰȼ·ϣʼջߣʤ䷳ǲʦɫ̫ãĵط̼䰲缦
ʲ徻١
ȥʱȼմҲ֪ʲô£ɫЩѿ
Ųƫͷȥһۣɫ΢׵ô
⻰ʲô˼޿Ժд˺üʱ붨һֱڷ֪䣬ʱȥˡ
ع㷢˺ܾˣôҲԲȥ¶ˣȥȼ˻ˡ
׮ʮĻԼҪˣԭΪЩƵࡣ
ȼΨһóĵطˡ
Сʦܷô¶ħۣͬڲΪ˴½ͷö𣿡
ޱ飺޹أ
žġ
ôɶɺ޵һˣôĴ£񼫡
ôǰƫͶôأ
ĵĹ
ȼʼ磺аɣҲ˵ˡ
ȥѰʦ˻顣
ȼģ
ϻ
ΪʲôҪ˻飿
䲻ҡޱ飺㱻ƭôòˡ
˻̬ȣȼЦһҲˣ
˵ôǿӲһ̾͸ὣˣȼϣֻǵ˵˵ġ
ǹ
㲻ˣ˾ˡ
ȼһġˣ
аСʦãɪǣࡣɪüãڣҴʦֶδɪʦͬѧҽ
ȼɫһ䣬㵵Ķ
Ҷʦֺεʦö֪£ֽǰסġͬ˻飬ôұŵ㣬ȶ·һᱣʽף㲻
˵󣬽Ķȼԣ飬˻ǲˣ
ȼԳ
ˣֻܼڣȻʦɪҲĵȷȷĸףĿ
Ŵ˴ǽŵɽ㣬ʦҲĶϡദôõĸ飬ɱΪ뵱˻顣
ȼޱ룬Ŷղ˵˻ǹ
ǲ˵ѿʦã˼㡴ͬɪѧҽ֪ɪΪħ
ԣΪĻǴɲء
ƪ۵˵˺ö໰ȼ˻Ƶڴô˻飿
Ȼأúԥ
ȼ֪ΪΣЩɬȻҵˡ
룬˻飬ԼĪ
𣿡
ȼ
˵ǳϦദôգ֮·Σķ㹲ѵ꣬㹻ϲ𣿡
ȼס
˵ѡ롰ϲʱҲסˡ
Ϊ뵽
ƺҲǹѹġ˵ϲΪħԨѹϲ

δ룬ȼ𣺡Ҳ֪ôˣƺһħҲĿദ
ʱͬһ侲ʱãҲˡ
һһú֡ϣʱΥ֮¡
ΪüΡûʲôȴΪƲסԼ
Ȼ
Ȼ֪Ϊʲô
Ϊһ޴ֶ׵Ļ磬ȻıŮ
ȼ˵ⷬǲζţˣ
ʱҲõ˻ֱ֮˵ˣһжΪϲԣǸϽȥ˻飬˻֮ˡ
ȼᶨƣ̲סô˻飿
ʹô
ִһ顰ǡ
治ϲң
Ȼأ
ʹüۣǱ˰ɡ
ϲüҡ
ȼ˻ǰһ仰㡣ȼϵЦһ˵
ʲô
˻ǹȽȷһ˻𣿡
ȼ


72 
ȼȥϼⶥѰ,û뵽˸գյȼǫʧˡ
Ǳôǫ,ֻʱȼǫ,ǫ˲֮һ¡
˵,ıһ·ĻӦû޿Ժģֻû뵽̶һҹȥ,ʧˡ
Ҳá
ңҲûá
Ϊʲô,Ѿʱ,ǫҲû취
ʱô벻̷صħƶȻŹΪߡ
ֻЩħ֪ΪŹġߡδǵ,ŵ
ȼش⣺ǽ⣬ӹѺĵطܳǶˡ
ǲŵˣָǵĵӰҹأôһϢأ
˵⻰㳳,ֻҪСġϾ,ǫʱδɪҲδ
ɪ΢ѹܿͻˡ
мƻˣս˫֡
ģұȻ˵һȾѪĵôɪǲĹ֡
ȼʵøϸһЩʱһɫӰԶԶѾ첽ӭȥ
ߵǰ,ʦ𡣡
˵ģôˣȼֻʦʹʦ¶ı顣Ҳӭȥʦ𡣡
⼸һֱںɽʯѨˣշųأΪϼеһ£ĪŸȥˡ
û뵽һͿǡѱʣôһˣ
¡ش
ѵȥ˵
ǡ
˽ȥȼ˻飬ҪǵӾˡ
ʱвңȼ˵ŲھͺͶʦ˵Ȣ㣿

ȼѵҭסһΣĺãŲĸ˶ѡ
ǽλϣվǰɫӡ
л˵ɡ
ȼһۺȼ̧ͷװ֪Լˡ
ʦ𣬶ǰȼײ֮ʱΪҶ˶˻ԼȥҺȼദΪ˴˶ʣܽΪ¡ԣʦǽԼ𣿡
ˣȻԸһ䡰䲻ҡ⣬Ѳһ֪ԼҪô˵ˣƽ￴ƹʦһ߶
ѿɫ治ϲŭأ
Ϊ½ԸǿǽԶԱ˴⣬׮£Ȼټȥ
ˣһֱû˵Ųѣȼ̹ȻˣϾֲʲôרĴҳȻǿǡ
Ҳ֪СڽŸʲôôԼô
Ǹĵģ̲ܿסʣʦô˵
ֻ˵һЩ¡ѻعƽ˵Ϊʦһԡ
ԣ
Ҫ˵
Ŷ
꣬źǡɣĪҲΪɣԣΪǶ׮¡
أʡ
ʮǰҹǽţΪ˲һԡֵһ£Ǽʧˣ֤ǻԵ޷֡渵ʱǳ֣ƣҵǶԱ˴⣬Ϊ˶̾Ϣ
ʱͣ٣Ȼ˵ҵóȻΪǶ׮£ǼȴԵ޷֣СġںˣǼȻԱ˴⣬ҪԼҲԷ
ˣһλ˵ֱһǡԵ޷᳤ֲã˻ˣýҲˡ
Ҳ÷ġ
Ϊˡ
ʦ治ʦԲ
Ǿ鷳ˡȼЦݲõô۵䵭˵
վˡ
̧֣˸䣬һɫַڶǰδ޽µͬ
ܿ죬ͬɫ⣬һΪû鸮
ܵԼȼһ٣˲١
ͬδ޼䣬ȻʲôӰ죬ȻڣͲܺӡ
ڣʧˡ
ʵǿϲɺء
ѿЦݲãǼװҲһͬѽ⣬Ӵ֮˱ûκιϵˡ
лʦ𡣡
л
ĿתȼС廹лҪ˵£뿪
սԼȻ̾͸ˡ
ȼţɹұˡ
ס
С壬˰
ϲӬƵİڰ֣߰߰ɡ
ȼ˸Ӭһʱܲѣʧ̬ܿת뿪
С壬˵ɡȥ˵
ǰ˶ס
ʦĪȥʲôѽ
ƽŽҹȥѵһ١

˵ΪλȴıְڴСﶼӸʱ񣬾飬Ҳδ
˵ͦԵġ
̾һ˵ϸ룬˵ҲͦеġΪʦƽǵĹҲ̫ˣίʵһϸʦ𡣡
ôΨһһ£ǰǼǽ䵱ʱֻһ˵ϼ塣
ѵƯĪſʵڵǽġ
ȴץסһص㣺˵ֹģҵļʦֶģ
šϸϸؼʦ֣޼ʦ֣ݼʦ֣ɽ¼ʦ֡
ʦ²ͽܵǺһס
ʦǵĸĸأ
ҡҡͷŵ㻹ǵǰ߹㣬С֮⣬Ƕ᳤õǽ𣿡
˵Ժұ֪Ҫ𣿡
ǶҪ¡ѵҲ˵ȵ뿪ʱȻ㡣
⻰Ҳ͸¶һϢǾʦǺܿҪ뿪ˣ뿪ܿ޹ڡ
ԭΪ˻ȸԾŵ̱ȴͰ͵ʣʦ˵ʮǰȼʧˣΪʲô
㣬Ҳ֪Ϊһ壬ԤԼңֻԤԣȴʲôʣʮǰзʲôر£
ʮǰ¿ɶˣз¡һõ飬͸飬ʶڶ
һµµأ
Ҳ˵ȻֻҡҡͷʦҲ֪
޷ʧҲ̫⡣
ͷʦ¶ûУұˡ
ȥɡ
ȻŲһ٣̲סתȥѵ
ü䵭ٿط֣ĶˡҲֻò绨Ůɣ
ʦ𵽵ǲףҪҪһ£


73 
ջûʳ,Ϊ¶Ѳĸף¡ĸס
һαɻص޿Ժ˼ڤá
Ųʱ䣬кü͵͵ȥǽŵĵ̽ʱѺ
Ԫ,һ,̲סŵЩ¶ıϼ,ǽţħΪ飿
㣡Ϊʲô㲻ϲʦ𣿾Ϊ˴ʦ㣬Ҳ˰Ǵʦǽŵ,ʦ֪һУ϶òС
ǽ,ɴȾѪİ,һƬǽ壬ȴޱ飬˫񣬿δ˿ڷϡ
ʱԪҲֻ룺ܲܰ㣿
ǵð㡣ԪսһЩ,˵ĥʦֺþã͵͵ģҪǱ˷ҾͲˡ

ǽڣ۾,˵
ֻԪҪĻӦ,˵ĭɡ˵С߸磬еϧ
ʦͲŵȼ˻ˡ
޷Ӧ
ûзִʱ׷󡢰οʦˡҾĺܰ䣬ʱй֮
ֻ̡֮
Ҳ˷ӦʳڵȴǣΪȼ˻,ˣ
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ŵҪھͺˣô𣬿϶ܺʦ㿪ġ
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ôˣδΪȻˡշתࡣһˣȴ׾ٵˡ
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С߸磿û°ɣԪɫʵ̫ѿˣĵҪúôҸҩǵԼ
Ԫ˵ţ鸮һҩ࣬˼ķ϶ݵ档
ûпǺҩ̧࣬Ԫ䵭ԺҪˡ
Ҳûκˣȥ˻£ҾˡҲңҶ¡
ˣֻǲ뿴㡣
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ԪɬħҲħۣͬôĽ飬޷Ӷ
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ĽеƬһߣȻͷȾѪָ⣬Цһ
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Уٲ޹Ϊʱʦܣʦ֡

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˵ʱѾ߽˵֮УǽڱɫҰסǱۿˡ
ʦ֣ǲǴʦˣ
ʦֶˣΪʲôʦ㻹ϷŹ
ʦֲĿ˵ʦôܻ˻飬Ųء
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ʦ֣ܴҸʦְһˡȥûġ
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һѩѵǰȹ̱ϵĻҳѪŪ࣬Ͼ˼ЩֻǵǵĿ
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ۿۿѾ᣺ʦ֡ԲҸһʼģҲҡˣԲ𣬶Բ𡣡
ǺҩԪʦʦ֣ҵ鸮Ҳҩ࣬ԼƵģЧܺãҸ˿ںòã
˵ţ鸮óɾıˮԼһСƿ
΢΢Ա߲˲ӣûԼ˻ƣˡ
ǿˡһЩ򴦰Ⱦİ߲ѪҲָѪ
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ʦ̫ˣʦ֣Ȼ˴Ҳֲͷ㡣ƾʲôҪ˳˵ţӵĿ֪Դʦ㲻һ㣬㱻ˣ˿ڶԸˡǺοأΪȼͬ˻Ȼˣû㡣
ʦ֣Ϊ㲻ֵ
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׽˶˴ѣҲ֪ôˡ
ףѩ̿ѡ̾һǾһ䣺ʦãûµġɪ㱣úܺãΨһҶΪ㴦õġԣֻҪĴǽţСʦñá
⣬ʦֺܴǲʲôֻܿޣһܳϣǳˣ¾Ҫˡ
עǰ仰ϣҶü춼ûˣôˣ
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ɪһ
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ֻǵ߰ɣԺҲˡ
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ͬʱ
һˮɫӰһöɫƣҹɫϢ˹ɽ󷨶˵ͬ衣
ɪһ·ͨ뿪߸ҵҲ˶
еƣ뿪һġϷʵһ뿪ɽ㽫ҵƶôôҲҵ뿪ɽİħô
Ӱվ˳еĻݱɢűĺ⡣
ɪһѳȻˣ
ҵƶҪˣһô˵
ɪ˵ţ㳯˹ȥ
ӭս
ɪϵģ񣬽ҲиɻôҲǰ׻ġ
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ŽߵĳΪɪپףδüӦĺıһѳ
ɪĻعͷȥ˶ѱݣһǻ㵱̡
㶼֪³ڵѪȾ˴ǡ
ʱúڵ֪Ϊħ󣬱ȷˡγޱĿŵصɪ
ߵվ
ôɱأұġ
û˵꣬һźɪ֣ţźɪ룬Զȥɪ壬Ȼը
ǿħӭʶĽħȴһ貵Ľɫɵøɾ
ѷſǡشħԨı壬һʱҲ޷˷ˡ
û°ɣ
޷
жĿŶѣʦΪɪԱһδܹĸɡ
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ҲƲסеĸ飬ԥᶨĺ
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74 
һʱδӦ,е¶Ŀı飬㵵Ŀŵϵ
װ׵Ļǧ꣬ûϲ׼
ΪʦͽܵһħԱ,С,㵹Ҳɲˡ䵭º͵˵
߽˶һ,ЩΪʲôң춼ˣΪʲôϣ
ѣ
üͷ΢΢Ȼ̧,׼ܸͷɲѵվ,ͼѵֱĶͷ

ûȰǱħԱӣ,һȥʦúÿ
˵ĺһҾˡ
˵ţһɪʬµĺڻң첽ɽܡ
Ϊεҡҡͷ,Ȼǽϼ塣
ɽ˫ۡ
ʲôǡ

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˽Ų۾㿴ʱվǰվ
ʱ,һѣԭض˶ţ㻺ˡ
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ĶȲǵȰ޷
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Сʣ硭ʦûкӣ
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ʱŵʱŲҲΪħһ£ΪħԵӡ
ʦ֣ȷɪûнӴ𣿡
С廹ǻʦְ
˵Ժű㱻죬ʱ߹ȥţһСӡ
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Ȼ˵ҲûãΪʦþûˣϽʵ
ඥողֹס̡̾
ʦ֣ΪҪңûСȻΪǺܴҲ̫޴̿޿׵ʦãôһֱûаҵʦáʦֻ֣дʦ㣬ҲŲʣ񾹻ҡ̫ˣ
ȴ˵¶
ʱ
̧ͷͦվá
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75 
ĽŲͣ,һ˵ͼߵø,գۼʧǰ
û취,ֻһ·׷ϼ޿Ժ,վԺſڣ䵭Ŀ
ˣ,ҲӦá֪ΪʲôӴʦ±ΪһûȾѪ,´
˵ʦûˣһп϶ģ
ô֪
ʦôõһ,ݣôǻˣ
ŶԭͶһôϲҲֵһᡣ
˵ˣ㲻Ҳû취Ͷ,߰ɡ
ĵʦ㣬壡
û鷳ǰϽ
¼ܹ,ҲΪȻĵİ,Ȼڣľæ뿪
Ȼһ£ʣվסתͶɪԭ֪أΪʲô
˵,еԹ޸ֻǺ޺޵Ŀ
Ϊֳ㣬ɱ
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ɪδʮһҲδ
Ȼʦʲô֪ˣҲ·ˣһ
ֻˡΪҵĴ硭СĽɪڰʵһ¸Ȼ̲֪٣Ҳ֪ôȥҴ硭ʦ㣬ܰ𣿡
ǽš
˵ĺ֯ΪӼ壬Ҳ˵֪ߡ
һб㱻ˡ
˶Ŀת㷲Էʣʦã˵ɱֳĳˣôģҽЩң
ʦ㣬㡢ղŶһˣٰһûбѡˡ
û취㡣ΪͻɢˡɪΪħ̣һߣΪʵꣿ
㲻ԸҾˣΪҪֱ̣ӿڶײײͺˣæߣ鷳
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ֵϣп֮󣬱ȥҶδʦĺˡ
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ĺסĵطǼʦоģĺĹϵԶûͬλʦһܡ
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ֻһħԨƺʶɣôˣҲֻĺһΣҲ֪ӱܻǲ͡
ţܿ㵽ĺסĵط·һʦסѾ벻ʲôʱˡ
ԺδأվſڣߵһºڳĴţζûõӦ̧˽ȥ
Ժʰúܸɾɢɢżϵõҩݣеҩݻ˿ɰСԺӶ
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ѭζ߹ȥԺŵľϣżɹҩݡ
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ĺڣ£ĺԼµеĿģһʱ֪ôӺοڡ
ֺһˮȻʣʦ֣ħԨҳԵҩҲħ𰻨ҩ𣿡
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ĺҲ˲豭ȿˮˮɤﲻϲ£˺ü
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˵óڣҲѡʦˡ񴦾ѣûҪٸˡ
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76 
뿪˴,ջ̤ʪĵ֮С
Լʱδ̷ִ̣֣Ҳмֽ,֣顣
֪,Ҳ˽,ȫ˵Ϊɡ
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ļӿ˲,ԽƮѪζԽŨҡ
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ҲǵһλϳһԵˡᶨˣ;ôԺȻܳɴ¡
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һȾѪġҰ׵ġӳ
ǸɬƤŬĶ˶ƺ˵ѪӿסĿԣÿһ㲻ɿƵĿȳڴڵѪ
̧̧֣һɫסϣӴʮ̼ϻ䡣
֣һѵͬʱҲĺۡ
ϵ˿ڱ㲻ʲôˡ
ϵѪȾһ׵Ľưۡ
ħԨʱϵѪŪѣŹȥð
˼ţɳƵòӵ㴫ˣſ
˭ϡˣֻһѡûôõƢԣֱ֡
ţˤڵأǰȾѪ廨Ьͣǰ
棬ȫѪ
ǰ۰ڴڵϣ̱ѪȾ졣춼û˵
ǿ޲ߵıӣ΢΢̧ͷĮĿǱģȡ˴ʦ㣿
ֻΪ
Ҳ֪Լʲôġ
һ㶼뿴
Ȼȡ˴ʦ㣬ʦ뿪ҵѪ˵

ˣ˭Ѻ£˵ܵͷ͸Ͻ졣
ЦһǷˣʲôµأ

𣿡ãȻʡ
ڰˣȴּֿᶨһڵǵ밮⡣
ΨһƣΨһİȫǰŮˣΪˣ̽䣬˷ˣûδ
ôܲأ
ԥ˵㽫Ϊģ΢밮ι˹ȥ
ȥסˡ
ùġ
һˣ϶ĺޡҲΪĺ÷ñꡣ
ٿվߡ
ԹƮⱲѾˣ±ӣΪұȻǧ򱶵ֻҲŹģҲᡣ
û±ӣƽⱲ˵ɡŲͣȴĴȻɽҡұ𡣡
˭Ⲣǽħתһƽӹ
һգữΪħǿġаħ
µѾûɱһ˰˵뷨Ѿ²ȥ֣ˡ
֪Ϊħ󣬱ȻǻѰΪᶨƵΪ³һ಻ļһԴֻõԼ
ڤ粻飬Ҳٶ˵Ǿǰɡ
ɱҪб£Ǳֻҵҵʮأ浱ǰˣ
ҾĴ򲻹ħͷҲ¡ΪĲ࣬رࡣ
ҷѾúܽʵˡ
Щ룬ʮǰȻĴʱһٴµǣ֪ȴѡ
߳ȥ֮ŵĵ̻ص˵Σȥ¹Ѻ
ߣʧѪ࣬Ѿȥ
ϵǣʦ㾹Ȼûߣǵûߣüǡ
ʦ㣬ʲôԸ𣿡
ջǵҰȥ£ǻȥϢɡ
Ӷһۣ뿪ˡ
ڵǱҡҡͷô˵ţ
˵Ǳһֻˮڲǣ㲻ˮ㶼ˡ
˵ţһҩҧǵҩֻݼ仯ζûеüͷ
˵ҩûˣվ̧̧Сָס
Ե˻֮ûоܿ뿪
ʱѾˣþ붨Ϊ̫ģʼ޷
˷
Ա˯ڴշתãǿߡ

Խ˯Խ䣬ֻԺۣܹ߻谵ĿԶĴȥĿ⼫ԶĵطһѪ£֮⣬ħӿ
ǡħ
ô
˶ֱۣپأͷȥ㷢Լһгֱ۴ֵֻϣҲС
صǶڿյĴǽϣ޷ж

һۣտյǵļĺɫ͸һ˿
۲껷֮˶ʹҪ𿪣ȴֽһ
޸֮
ỺĽŲתۼ䣬һ˫ɫĽѥͣǰЬǶһȦֵƵī̤ںʯƳɵĵ棬Ϣ
Ҳ̧ͷһϮµ˱Ǹ߳һξ룬ò
ǰƤܰףپұһ˫Ѫɫǡ֮⣬԰׵ϣ˴Ѷħƣֲֿ
̱ۣôôˣ
⸱ίʵϤ
һĺ£ȹڼ˺ɫĵ棬ѵѪ
ڽҹҲֽűѪǱ
ڣǼĽɫ˸
е¡
ʲôʱץģôħô
ϸ룬԰׵ָ㸧Ĳ
㣬ȥòãϢϣòηһ顣
һ仰δ˵Ϣĸоʶϵ֣˫ϵ̫ڳأֶ̧
ֻţȻԽԽϸϸĲ
Ȼ롣
Ⲣǽ
Ѫɫǵ°ȻĿƯڰ͸ꡣ
ԭɱһΰ
Ǿɱһΰɡ
ͦ˼ġ
ûӵס͸ġĻǣʱܵʹ
𡪡
ٿĴӴϵȫѱ亹ʪ༸ҪܿƵɤۡ
Сԭϱı䲻ĵֱӹȥ
ĵӰ뿪Ĵ͸ɢϵĺ⡣
Сίίĳ
ɫѾˣֲΪˡ
ҲСˣҪʲ޷ѡ
̾һ̵ȥʳ󣬱ԺпСĳԷ
εɱʱĳֻصľ˳롣зѪΣҲֻԤ֪Ρ
ѵıˣɱĳҲһˣ
æ鸮ó顣


77 
ɢӨɫĹâ,ֻһ飬˵ֿʼੲˡ
ңҳʲô㿴鶼ΪƳʲôˣƤܱܲô,ҪŮ˺ˣ
ƽǲӦ,һ,˼ʣӵ޸ô֮ǰˣ
ɫ۵ԺУһֱ㺦ģ
ֱй
ûеһʱ䷭飬ǽ,۾սܿ㷢ļѷ졣
һһȥ,Ȼסһ,Ƶૣôһѷˣ
޸ǿΪ𻵣ԲԼˡ
ѷ졭ô£
һҲûлӦ
䲻˵ѵѷȼô
Ϲ˵鿪ʼ٣ŪģһͶһ죡Ů,Һôʮ꣬㾹Ȼ۾գҪȥ
⼸ѷ죬ӵжô޸޷޸ġ
һѷ,ҡΪҶϤ,֪δᷢ£Ҳδѭҵľ顣
ڶѷ죬ڶʦ֣Ϊ֪ĴڣԼµһ֪ľ顣
ССѷ죬ʦ֡ʦָ߹,ʦڲΥ£̸۹һЩ¡ԣʦҲ֪һЩ顣
ѷǡƺδϲϲңⲻѷ죬ƺ֮ǰСһЩΪң⵹ϣѷڻı޸
ϸذ׵ָ⸧ϱ飬һϸСѷϡ
ȼ޴ȵپһЩѷ컹󡣡
˵֮飺˵ģɶԣ
仰˵ڣѷ죬·Ϊӡ֤Ĳһ㣬һۿɼĴһЩ
ֿʼװ
ã㷽˵һẦ㣬仰˼ǲǾ鲢ǲ棬Խ죬ʱϵѷҲԽԽһֱ顣
ʱĿơ˵ãɶԣ
飺嶯
飬Уʱ췣룡췣£һ
Ц췣Σһ粫һ
֪ô˵ҲȥˣǱĬ
˱ۣʱѱ˳ɫͫ
·飬Ҳ֪ǲΪ˵ԭƵҳϣģֱˡ
һֱ󷭣ܿͷһҳҲЩģ塣
ãǿֱ꿴Щ֣δκθı䡣
ǸΣԼĪҲֻѹ̫£Ԥ֪ˡ
˿
սս鸮Ժű㱻죬ȻҴҵĳ˽
üððʧʧűߣ쾹Ȼ
ʦ㡭һĻû˵꣬žžવĵᡣ
Ӳ֪ԭŮӵᾹȻĿԶ
ʲôϧֻһɾȥȻ޵ģԺȥ
̾ͲҿˣŽ׵СĿ۸Ƶġ
뷢ͳҭſˣʦ㣬ȥ¿ʦҺõҽȥ¡
˻оΣʲôÿģˣĹ˻һ˰ˡ
ҵƸ㡣һţһӸһöɫƣӻķӡ
޵ʦ㣬ԲҲȥ£̫ˡܰȥʦּˣֱһҪġͰȥɡ
ȥ͹޵һͷ
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ħצɱһٴζ١
̫ˣ
һиֵģҪ𣿡
ŲӵҰҩˣ㲻ȥǲԭ㺦Ҵģ
һ̵ˣֻʣһСƿ

İɣƻģΪˡ
ȥһ⣬ΪڿûɫûȤ¶
ԼĽ
ȥжҡ

ȻҲûµСƿ̧űµķߡ
ʱѾЩˣǰȻҪ뿪µģںǻ±ƵĻþ֮еġ
Ȼûʲôµģϲֱδ֪п־ĸо
¶ͷŹĵӣѺʱ󶼲һҪһģǽЩͷһΪĵӴȼ٣Ҳֻһˡ
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ڵɽѨڻµһֻзĵӲŻᱻҹֽʯѨеġ
ȥʱڱʯϣѪ¡ڻ´˰ϣҲ֪ǿʲôԭѿɫǲ԰ֽ
һƬŨص֮࣬ϣһڵ޹⣬ãȻޣһĨ΢ɲĴܡ
δˣǿʲô
Ųٿĳп޷εĴ㵡
Ļ˵֮ǰ˵ԣġ

˹ȥȻǰ
ʦã㣬Ҹҩ˵ţŵĴƿǿС
ƿĵ¶ȣȵģȴƱ̵һ㣬ٿĽƿ
شƿ򿪣һöɫҩ裬ݵߡ
ˡ
һ㶼뿴ſݣӶıͷ
԰׵ͷ˻Ȼָҩ裬һ
㵵Ŀʶſ˵㡪
ҩ賹ûݼ䣬÷ζʱ鲼ǻ
ջָ֣Ѫϲ˲䣬Ӷ֮ɫֳ١
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ƽʱһѵõڣһ˦˦ˣǣϵ˿ڡ
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Ҫܡ
ʱΪˣһ̱εĥϣζѾԹˣԲеΡ
ǣٿ㲻ġ
鸮ҩ࣬ƺΧ̫ʼûһĸ㶪µƣɪˣҵɽץ˸šʦһʱ˷ˡ
֪ûôģ㶪ƣҲֻ뿴Һɪˡ
ֻܳ
Уǫʬ屻ˡ״ܲңϱ˺ܶ൶һתΪʲôɱ
˵
òӦĵ˵еǷ˵Ҫô
̧ۿһۣǫ

ɱǫҶΪ˴ʦ㣬Ҳвʦ㡣Źֵĵʦ飬ܲܶ塣ԣ㲻лҡ
䣺ֻҪסΪ㣬ֶһ˱ɡ
ҩɴִ鸮ӵѷŵ˾ͽĴߣҲ
ҼȸΪҪΪˣȻӣĲΪϲôǳ˰ֻ޲ĥ
һļƤٿվˣĿ
Ц𽥲ãĮ飬һ񾭲ҪҹˣҰɡ
תߡ
߶е㲻ġ
ſͣ£ջʱδҩδ£ұǹ˰ҩ¡ԣҸҲҰ㡣
ıӰܿʧǰϵЦһһɱеĻĮ
Ѿɫ𽥱ǡ
˵ûĻþ־֮
ûʲôܵ־塣
ηôҲû뵽ڻþпģ


78 
չʮ,ʮ̫ãõʮˣʦʱˡ
ŢԨ,Ϊ,轣,ʶһ֮
궯ʱÿһҹ,Ҳȫ
ռʱʱѱչ,Դһ֪,ɸ֮¡
ʱһһĹȥʱĥļ䣬Ը˽ں֮£һ˼Ҫֻʱ衣
ѩ,ЦΪɡΪС̯ķΪһ̻ħԨ
ħԨ֮,ԼĪЩΪŨīزʵһʡ
֪˴ʦ㴩¼,ʦĶʦΪ˗һ
һ׮׮һµȼжİʱΪ֪İȳŨңޱԵ΢
ڣڡ
֪,Ϊ˱ǿɪ֮£̫¡ǧָں
ںֻ
Ϊһ飬վʱĮĸѺڵξ֮ʱҲֻΪȼ˻Ȼˡ

ȴ˴һƸһ֮£СŪ
ĿƫƵڷŵװ£ķżƿԼ׵ɴ
ϲʱ򣬸΢ŵһͷ
̧̧֣ÿȾѪڣԭֱ˺۰߲Ƿϳµĺۼ
ƤӲʹ࣬ڳƤ
ʹֻǴҪʧûͬˡ
³һʱֲǰǺˡ
һȷţʱ񣬺ȼɪǽš
硣
硣
Ũҵĺģʹֲʣһ̣ǰĳһΣ𽥱һƬİľȡ
Ȼ֪ҹˣǻΪƵĻþ
þУ׵ͬ׵ȼ
÷ǡ
һһ㣬ĮĿһС
ǰȥֿڴֵС֪ֻǾˣʲôˡ
ֻĿǵĸԽԽãԽԽá
ƵĻþУԶ֪

һҹȥ
ٿ۾ĿãȻ
ĳս߻谵ʯѨУյ԰׵ϡ
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ڵȡ
һ˵ڶ컹Ůˡ
һߡ
޷붨òװڶˣϴϺ󣬱޿Ժȥˡ
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Ͼڵж
ΪǶкµĶڻ£һеĿ־嶼ʱűŴ
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ǲΪ⣬ûʲôµģµҲᱻŷ衣ǲ֪ϵǺˡ
ȴ룬·֣ϡ
֣ס̷壬ִǽ̷ȻҲܣʱֱֱĳ֪֣֪ȥˡ
Ȼ֣ϵֱ룺С壬ҪȥǸͽ
֣ϣǽӦûҲȥĵطɡϳϣĵ˵
֣һۣƽ˵㲻ȥĵطȥˡ
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֣ʱ˵һǼ͡иɻ֮ʱܹ֮ɾģ顣
飿
飬飬顣֣ʣһ֣
Ҿá˼ڤ룺Ҿҵûȥ롣
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¡
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ˡ
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װͰ͵Ĵʦϸ緢
ǸĹεĶһ㶼֪ж
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ϴ˿ڡ˿ڣϸɾİº󣬳һԳ伢ĵҩȫޣֻǸͨˣ䡣
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þеŮʱȵĽסڶԷЦá

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79 
,ħԨ
һźµħڱıתãҵ,Ǽ͵Ľ˵ع֮С
ܿ,һɵĻعǰ
һħ˵ħڵعеĹ,ҵ
ݻ
¾ɵķӡǰűė軾ٻǺܿ㿴һ޴ĺ,˺ɫħ𰻨ŨĻ㱻÷,Գһֱ
ϴʵ,ηĺ䣬һһħ½һ㣬˹УŵħƮƮҡҡҪȥ
ħڱĺײ,˳˯ŵġ޴ė軣ػŵģһϮ¡ħƵˡ
һħ
ħ۾һԼͬľ,ų˯ħݺݴȥ
ȴδ,Ǵ˸ա
ձħϵĻɫʱħȫ֣Ǵ㵵Ŀ£ħһűĺˮ棬ܿʧǰ
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ħǱʾһ,ʶҪγ׷ħһͭС۾֪ʱˣĿǡ
ħ˶ʱė軣ˡ
Ŵعϣŭɶֱ̧޴צӣЩڴеħȥ
ܿ죬峺ĺˮϣƯһƬ޶ĿѪɫǺɫӳ֮С
軸ˮ棬ãȻĿܣѾҲħˣ˱ضˡ
ء
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ǽţϼ塣
ӺԺ󣬷СƨɶһӣСôһʳȫ޷Ӧ
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СЩĳ
ԺĺСԣٲֻܵҹˣҪٳһˣǶ
СҧסȹڣϣСͷСֶնգһ㶼СקȹڣЩûקſ¡
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óԺúȻżιҩӳСԽԽֱֱۣɵһ㶼գۼʧˡ
СܵǸ򣬺Ȼǻ¡
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ô˳ɻ飿
㵱ң㽫ɥȪϳڣôܽģ
ҪҸ𣡡
㲻ܣҪң
Ŀڿħһһ´˺ʹ֮Ѫ죬֣
ס
ģģ֪ΪΣƫƫܿȾһĨɫ
ŭ뼵ʽ֧䣬ѹȥ
ͬʱþѡ

֪СıӺ飬ֻһˣС϶ȥڵʯѨ
СգۼߵǴʯѨ
ŲҰ׵¹⣬ĿǼªľ崲ϵ
δ£żӲʯڣһֻţһֱֻ˷ţͦ
ϵҲˣ˿ڿ϶ҲԼˣȻ
С
ߣЩǸʲôǰȥ˴ߣգ۾
ޱ飬ʹ֮ɫ˯ð꼫ˡ
ҲǣδĴħͷʲôµأ
մվ뿪㷢üͷ˫ȭգʼ
һ١
Ȼڻþеһ
㡣
𾪵Ŀû뵽ڻþУľȻ
ϲѵѾص־ʧȥ
СĺһȻʣ㿴ʲô
ţǿ־嵽˼㣬˵󣬾˿ǻ
ţС죺ôῴҼ˰ܼ޸˭
ûһ㣬ҵϲŮ֮ϲ
ôϲѽ
ϲ־ʧȥĵز
Ҫûôͺˡ
̣ȥҪס֪ʱ̧֣ȴ룬ץס󵽣Ҫ
ٿ۾һƬ죬ȴұа̲Žķ
ʱħѾĲ
δü㳯ѹ
ĴˣȵĴʱƷһ㣬ʧصĿҧš
˳˳ˮĻô꣬ͷһͻ״ʶ̧ûֱֻ֣󲱾
֮ģԥһ¡
ԥʧص˿ɳ֮δһ𣬰ͷ
ŭᡪ
һſ˵ǿӲĴĴݼ䣬׾ҡĹδȥ
һ˲ʹ㿪ʼŮӼ⣬ѣʧȫ
գҧ
ҧĴһҧס⡣
ײȴһĨĸ𣬻Ѫζ
뿪Ĵأߺ޵ԣΪʲôԣ
Ըƨ
ֻ׵Ĵһ·ǣƯǴĺۡ
ֲ֪ʱٽ˫֣һϮѩİ֮ϣָᴥһս
㡭㡭ĺ
ƨ

ٲ㿪Ҫˡ
һ󲱾ֱӰ˹ȥֱϡ
ģֻһ̣յڡ
ƿ
ĳ֮ʧ˺һŰѹϵƿ
վ˫һЩˤϡ
ޱ̧һ£İһԵĽӡſʼҵ·
ûȻȰˣôĹ
ָǼɢϳ˳ڸסǱгĺۡ
紵ѺԽԽģѾˡ
йƵü£ŽŲҴҵ뿪
Ͼǻ£ٲߣԼҲþҲǻ£ݻþУǵʲôҪǼǵã˵̫̫̫̫ˡ
ֻҪתһۣܿħڲҰ׵¹£а硣
ٿһѪɫ


80 
ҹɫī
֪,ʱѾˣ·һǽŵҲûУ,ģ˿Ҳס
ܿص޿Ժ,ҵױǰ,žеŮˡ
УȾһĨ죬糺һֱӵ˶,ɫԣʪ,ƺһ̾ͻ޳Ĵ,ģǻһʱѾܿ裬ȴһĿĺۼ
Ķ顣
ŵĵɴ۾,Ϊʱ̫۸ˣ
໹̵գҪɢô󣬷ˡ
Щ,Բȥӡ
뵽ʼٸߴʱ˯,оһˬվԺ磬ҪԼ侲һ¡
Ұž,֪ķ֣Ƶʲ̫ԡ
ã̫ˣ
ңƺͣơ
֪ԼôˣãȻԽ꣬Ժͻأ֮Щֱըˡ
ٿվԴȥСѡ
ů桢СһֻʷʵС˯Ľų졢ʡ¡
СܵķֻǻµķҲǻ޿Ժķ
üһҿȥ»ĹεĶ۸һͨȻڱֳ֮˯
شҲû˯ǰɣ
ãõúܣ
ŭͷһƷСѱﳤȥСһѺ󰧺ͣ
СȥԺԡԡˮյģð뵵һƬʡ
ͷǴĿĺۼޱĴһһ顣
ԡˣˮڣҪݼĨ׾ɾô󣬷ŷŵһĻպա
ͣ¶̾һԽã
룬ôͺˡ
һҹܿȥ
ֵ˴ҹҲûٷ붨ѡ˯һΣûʲôΣ˯
峿һ͸ڵĴСϣ۾˹
Ȼɢı۾Լıл˺һϴ¡
ɫ糣˵Ĵǣ·ҹһֻһΰˡ
Ĩҩ󣬱ȥһ˻£һΪ˽ѵʦ
˯ǰˣ귣ٶȥߡһеݺܹܶ࣬Ϊ޸ݡ޸˳㽫С
ڣҪȥ˳ҪһϹ룬ȻڻþоĶʲô߰İ
մ뿪޿Ժ޿ԺĴžͱˣ߹ȥţſվ˺öˣ̿ɴˡ
Ϊ׵ģȻĪţĪŵ󣬳겻µĶҲ󣬳֮⣬ϼĳҲȫˡ
е£뿪ڣĪű˵ˣС壬ҹȥ˻£
סģʵĵͷֱûô򵥣ộǷʲôˣ
Ȼ
˻¡
ţѿڶûУ
Īſһһĵ㻹ɱ֣ϣԼ֣ϸ̷λӡ
ˣΪԼ⣺ҹȷȥ˻£ΪСδ޿ԺȻֱڲųţ
ʱҿգǽǻȻһ£ûħĴڡȫޣܹģҲֻʣ㡣ĪʧĿС壬ǽŴʦ㣬ҲҿųĺӣҲ뻳㣬ʵǰ
ͨô£ң
ĹεĹҹ۸ˣɱ֣ϣ۸ôһ
ȥߣã˶ˣֱħɣ
Լ֮ǰֿ֮Ц
Ǻġ
ϣ˵ô˻£ɱôˣĪųʵ
һһĵħˣ
ĪŸţ𣬶ѱ˵ȥǱ߿ᣡ
ĪųųתߣС壬ϣ
첽ǣ죺԰Ӧȥ°ﲻȥ鷳
㻹˵ͷܻȥʲôĪ֣컹ҹңƣҵʱ͸ͬ⣡
ôͷȥˣҾȥΣһλǰȥ¡
㻹Ҷ죿Īŭ
ʦ𶼿ˣֻıˡ
ֵίʵǴܲʱӣ̲סԵģ˽
˵ʦΪǸͽɱ֣ǣ˻£
˻ãôֺ
ʦ㲻Ǵʦ㣬Ϊһͽ϶ɱ
ŲסĿȥƺһ̾ͻݱ̹ȥ
ʦ꣬Ѿãԭ˽ĵ̰缦ȵԶ˶¡
ܿ죬Ǳߵ˻¡
ʱһƬǽ壬ӡ٣ɽѨһ̲Ѫ֣ǰµġ
һУҹ뿪±һ׮һ׮Ĵ
ݻþ޷԰ΣָҪڣֶ˲Ҫڣ֮ħˡ
ΪҹȥħŨˡ
ħ˷ӡʹĵط֣ϴżӸ˽֡
֣ǷĹ֣ô飿
ǣɱ֣ϣɱǼλ֣ϵĵӡ
档
ͬкһ㡣
ܹܵħڳȻҲܸܳĪ˽ĳѣͽħҲ޹
Ŵû˵
ǣ޹һٶĴµʱҩѡ
ͷǽһ̯ġ
ãõúܡ
ˣ
ףĪŽų
ٿ̧ۣһһ䣺ҡ
޹Ըܷûд˵
ԼҲԲΪĴ򵥡
ĪŲֻ̳ĵӴȥ̣ܽһҪһҪˣ
Ŷѵ˵ļ򣬵Ȼ޿Ժʱ䣬㶼Ҫˡ
תߡ
ĪŶųǷԸ˼䣬ǷѸͽһ£Լ׷䣬ƱѪծѪ
ȵɢȥĪסҪϼĶѣСѾͷ޷죬ֱǰѻµԸ޿Ժˡͽȴҧһڣúý̽ʲô˶
йһιѡͬ꣬СݾڣҲֵ֪֮
Īŵͷ̫أ͵ˡ
ͽܣ˵
ͽ˵ã㣬ȴ˵áϼħΪδܵһʱʧ졣
ƫԶյ
ѵ㲻ҲûңʦڵȥС鷳
֣ǰһҹң˵СƵϼ塣Եڶ֣ѶұͷԣֱȥѰС塣Īſһ̯Ѫֻǿ֣ϡǽôһӣ
ħ޴ڣʤǶκڰʱһ㡣


81 
ƲֵĻصϼ޿Ժ,Ȼſڵ̨ϷʱһŲ
վü˳۵ĺʦ𡣡
ģ
ôĵҿˡ
ıûдվǰ,˵
֪,ҲûйԼҾЩܡҹħ,ҵʱعͷһۣ¾Ͳᱻٵ֣ҲɥȪ
Ƴһ,ͷһۣ˵ɱ,һ㡣
,ܴ򲻹һոħˣ
ףڻƲɢħ֪򲻹
ô֪
ɵӡ

бûҾԼȥҽˡ
Сѵ¶
˵ôеۡ
Ѿ߽£ֻԴȥҲûվڶѵĸǰ˵
˵ڵıǣС,ʱҹң˵ġҪʧˣҵȷûѪԵϵ,ֻǡ㸸ͬˡ
û뵽˵,ʣҸ
ָָԶա
˵ҵΪλռˡ
㸸Ѿܶˣھϡ
ݲǱħô
֮ǰˡ赭дڷ֮»硱һʱ䣬δ㽵ֻؾˡȻ,Ҳû
ٿЦһ
ǲˣôŮģȻҲֻΪóλǼ֡Щ
һ֮󣬲ŽſڣС壬˵ˣǸ˵һ˵ضˡ
ģģһȥġ
һն˵ĻһһԺлҲӣ˵Щ಻סԣҽҲΪºú̸һ̸
ŶѣȻʣҵĸףΪʲôҪΪﱼ߶ꣿ
иһĨ᣺Ϊֵá
ϧ
ϧ
ϧҵĸס
εĿһۣȻŷŵĻ˵ΪߣΪáƫҲϣгһգҵͽܱƫۡ
ȻҲܲϣִܹƺ壬ųض
Ĭ
Һһ㡣վͷƿůڳİģǽĴʦ㰡أǲǾĸ׳Ϊ˺ôҪԺ帺
ظˡ
λıְ
С壬㽫ԼƽͬˡС꣬ܲɷ֣ȻҹԼ轫Լһ󶨡ĳǲǸɵ
ͷһαʦЩ¡
֪㲻뿪ǽţħԨķӡɶΪǽŴأѽŵС壬𽫺嵱·ңҲǻعһġ
ѵڼ˵ô໰ºһҲ˵ЩҲ˽ڡضǽƶܹ꣬ϣܹػɵġϣܹҡ
һһнȻʣһȻسŶѾһ
ʦ𣬲ҰҡҵȻǸԼȵġ˵ҸøΪ龫ǣ꽫Ҵоȳ㡣
֪ܲڶǰ˵һʱһµԹΪ롣
Բ𡣡
ѷļվ䵭üºͣδȫ˵̫ˡ˵дҲдǸС塣
ʦˣҪҵǸġ
֪㵱ʱȻʮġҿ˵ˣǶ뿪ĵҹȥƽǺһ𡣡
Щ´βһˡ
ͷŭûһΡС壬ʦһ𳤴Ů֮ӵȥ𣿲һͬȾơ
Ŷ
룬Ŀڣʵȣʦȥ
֪´ˣʹʦһ𡣡
ѿһۣҡЦЦת˵С壬֮ǰҪˡΪħԨķӡǰơ
֪ġȻ̧ͷ˵ʦһҪܡ
ʲô

ʦǰŸߣʦʱűˣ췢֪ˣ˿̹һ仰ǣС壬ҹħˣ
ħʱѾ뿪ˡ򣬱Ȼ뿪
ǰŮӰǲޣʮģʱ˵ĿǵѪһ١
С壬ҹ
ʱջûʳҹʲô
ʦƺЩʧǣæʣʦ֣ôˣһġ
ĵ˵ͷ
ģһҵġĴɴŻġ
ʱع˵С壬֣Ѿħʵ˭֪гһҲ嶯֪𣿡
δʱһ˫ء
ʱûжܿ뿪
һʱ䣬ԷԼգȴȥ̷֣⣬Ų˴ʦļλʦǻʦʦöżʱ䣬ͼ붨
ĳƿһֱԳɹ붨ֻѡ
ɪ＾ȾɽƣŲȻ֪Ѹϵ˾ǽԶĳɽ̤аۡ
δ飬ʱаסšʮȥĵһ
еСʿǹʮǰʶÿն׷ǰĹεġ
а۴ǰô𣿡
ʱҲĹ𣿡

һϮµţ䷳ĻشСʿǵ⡣
ʱȻǹǿԣܺǽϼλһһҹ
ĳģı̵Ѫ⣬ģᡢ顣
Сʿ̸һһţ֮ʱڻصа̸ۣ֪йá
첻ѣʲôˣ
ԶǽŵĵӡСʿ˵ʱģҲ֪ʲô¶ˣʱˣȾѪǱʹˣҲʲô˵˵Ҫ̸
ʶΪСʿŵλĹӣãƢãԸãҲ֪Ǻˣ

ʱǽŷ£Ҳжšħӳǽš
Īǣʲô飿
֪ˡȥ
ܿ죬ߵסĿͷһµɫ԰׵ִ
δصţе˹ȥ
ݹ
˽ȥȻǰ£е˵ʱˣһҪңһˣ˵ɡ
ΪˡʹüۣһȻ˵ģ
һô᣿
ңҹǽŻ£ҪҾͷӣʢŭнҴˣ»ˡ˵ɱǽŵһλϺλӡҾһӳǽţܰҵˣҲֻʣݹˡ
ңΪβǽŻϣ
̾ΪǶĻŲɣݺħΪ飬Ϊħ˶ҰٿĪ硣
ɡ
ⲻͬ˵ôɣΪ²⣬ǶԵġü۵ʹһĨһζƻǽŵˣɱˡ
Ȼ
ʱӻһϸĺɫ˿ǰĵطʰá
ɫ˿֮ϣұĺȴû뵽ȻǺǽŵĴʦ㣬ȻǺ
ڿԿ϶򿴵ֻβ
ĸ͡
ҲףΪҪ㣿ѵΪ֪֪Ǻ𣿡
԰׵ϸһĨΣһֱӵǿ˫ޣԪҵӣʲűˡ
㵲ѵ۾İ𣺡ﵱ޳ܣ
ݵܲΪģҲֻʣˡ׾Ϲ̳һȡ
޴׽ʦĳǵ񣬸պóΪԸ
ȥǽһˣȻĿڣ

ôˣüͷ
ǽƻ󣬹ȥֻ²Ը˵ԣôӳ顣
ʣôӳ鷨
ɽ뼫ݱǵļɽɽΪħڴʵȻܵӰ졣ǲǲ޵ʱͶ

̾Ůһ˫ޣԪԣһ׷ġԸϹ
ίˡƷŮĺƤǽţǽȺ˺úÿţ̣ļ򣺡ȥﱸˣ
תȥϵ齥Գ޾ı𺡣
Ѿɣܿ죬Сˡ
ȻĥΪΪʹۣ


82 
ƵҶ＾ȥ,˿ݰܵĻɫ֪Ҳ뿪ǽˡ
һ,ȥʦǵ,ʦֵٱˡ
̾
ʦ,ô
Һڻˣ޶ԺеĹ£ڱ䣺㿴,ʦҪѧ¡Ķ޶,ǽžжҡС,ô£һֱţ
ʲôóŵģǲǾ𣿡˵ʦ֣Ҳѧˣʦö㶥áԺϼ,Ҫġ
ˡ
µףҾ뿪ǽˡ
ҵˣ
һǽŶʮأٵ,ҵδ,Ҫ뿪ˡʼգˡ
ˡԼһЩԺ󶼲ˡ
ʲô˼
룬ҪˣͰԼܸʦ֡
ǻط˵
δüţԺֱˣʦ,ڷһ£Ұŵ˽˾ͽ
̿˵ùˡ
߳ź󣬽Ÿϣ̧ȥԺţԺſڣվʦĺ
ʦ֣ôˣӭ˽
մ˵ʦҲڣĺ͵С壬ͬҪˡ
ô죿
ĺͷصعͬ˵һ˵Ҳ𡣡
ħԨ𣿡
ȥݣĸĹ硣ĺȵ̫ƽˣٻǽǡ
Ϊħ֮ħŹ𣿡
ĺգգۣ΢΢ҡһԴڷһԺɫĽǡ

нǾͷŹˣ
ҸΪħԣҵѪħԨĵλͣҲΣա
ţ˵
ĺͷ˳һ£һѣͽͷ̧
С
Ժһα졣
ĺԷ˵һлû˵꣬Ƚȥһܣ㾡
𡭡һհ
û˵꣬ʦ־ͶһԺɫ߽˷ŽյС

ԴȥԺţֻ˸죬ʲôˣϽŪߡ
ȻĶʦŷ켷˽
ģôԺŶˣŷ߽ȥڹµʯȻϥ̸˼
ȥҲģ
šŷ˵ͷȻ˵ҹձҪˣһߣǽŵʱֻˡ
ȥʲôʡΪףԼǽѲʺʦֻؼΪħԨӡƣرǱѡ
ǶʦأΪʲô
̳мҲ
ġһ㲻ʦĶмҲ̳а
˰̳֮еļҲȻǽ̻Ի͡ص
ǿԳһĨһѾҲ𣿡
ôеʦ֣ʦֺԣĶʦȣֻ˵һˡĹֲöʦô챦ܲô
ҸࡣŷЩġҲʣʦܸˣ
ͷȻרŷ顰¡
ƬĴ󺣣ڵءСԣȴһӣ෬׷ճɾ
˵Ǵɣһ¶ʦ֮ɳϺзҪԿԧ׽ù鰸
;ĴܵĶѣйʣ㽫еĺӽ˶ѡ
ѽŷǽţһ꣬ڳ֪ŷҵ󣬱ȥޡ
ŷָͷоŸӣĸСһŮôǾŸ˾ˣʮӡ

ɣ

ԭҲôۣ˺壬òҲҪһѺɣ
ʣѪ𣿡
ʲôˣѪǶʵŷ鶥첻ѵĿ˵ҪǼ˾˵Ҳûʣ¼ҵıǣ򲻹ҡӮˡ
ŷһٶʱ䣬ɬѪŷ鲢δϸ˵ֻ򵥼仰ǹȥˡ
ϲıɱ¾ŷ鲻˵Ȼʡ
ʦ֣ΪʲôҪ
ĸ븸˶׵ƫòڤ֮СΪˣӭǡŷи㽣ҪǵĹ¸ˣ񡭡ǵĽϱȻΪΪ岻ͬϡ
û뵽ʦ־־ĬȻƬ̣Ȼʣôûħ
ħ䡣ŷ

Ϊʲô
ΪҶħƫŷ̾ǰѼʶħֵ壬䱻𡣶ħԨӡƣħϯ½ұȻִǰնɱÿһҽߡ
ƺˣħ
Ī뵽֮ǰǫΪ֪ɪΪħ㲻ܲ˵Ľһкгֲ뵽˽ƵԪڵ֪ħΪ֮ȴԸȥǽŵο
֡
ĪԺеһ߳ȥȻ˵ʦ֣ʵħ޿ġ
ŷ۾ŵŭ㻹Сӣ˰ɣ
ǣǡ
ҲҵĴû̺áΪҿ֮ǰеħΪ鱻ؽ㻹ҴȥҸ˵ҲǰΣħ
鱻޲ðѿĶʦ͸ϣ޿̣ʦ֣ʦ㣡
ŷʱһЪ
عͷͼĺվڰ뿪ķǰɫ޲Ŀ٣һһѾվĺԱߡ
ŷ飺
ʦܣҲǸ˼
ŷ廰ʦ֣ʦ־㣡
𲻾ʦ֣
ôţ
ĺʱ˵û޿ˡȴӲ֪ʦֶ
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ʦǰħ֮ħң˵һתΣյĶתƻ⣬ǲǻδˣС壬ˣʦãҾͲˡ
ŶδˣҶû飡
УҲҪ޶ĹεĶӻûˡ
ˡ
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ĺ䵭֮Ƿַܿġ
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ôߡ
һۣƫͷһʦ֡
ĺ
΢΢ͷͷɫСǽǡ
ŷһҧһ¡
ϲЦտһǡ
۰Ͱ͵֣ܾ޷޵ǲֻСʦá

󣬵֣λʦֵĽǶ޶һѡ
һ۰Ͱ͵Ŀţ̽۵С֣Ϊֻһ£һһ¡
Ȼŷĺһ°۵ֱ
ˣСҴңֶǴˡ
䣬޿ԺĴһα죬˶һۣݲԼͬĹŹ
ʱӦǴʦ֡
̾һС壬ʦǶˣǸʦϺˡ
ҡ
ʦֿ϶ҲˡִͼڡˡļλʦлӪС壬äһ£ʦ־ʲô
Ŀٵ֣ߵԺſȥţſվŵĺȻһư۵ʱ
ԺͷֻǵŷĺеĲһζ
̲ס棬ֱ룺ʦ֣𣿡
ʱ񣺡


83 
úĴ۾ʦʦ,һʱЦá
ʱ˵پ͵ʦǽʦǺ,ʦ,òǰɣ
ԡĺ
ʱûȻش,۶治ѵʦʦãĿתŷ顢ĺˣ̯ˣ
ŷĺͷ
ҡҡͷ
Ȼŷ顢ĺͬʱ̧ͷ,͵û
ȥʱײһˡʱΪΧҲͬСģұ뿪ˡ
գһ۾,ʣǴʦ,𣿡
ʱҡҡͷ

أһ顣
˶ˡ
֪أһƬߵķ֮أϡ,ûʿԸ̤˵ء
ʣʦܽʵ꣬ҲΪ𣿡
ʵʵ,֮ͬʱżԵ˵صݽ,޸֮ؽȻһ¡ʱӭ͡
ôްʡ
ұʱ赭д˵
ŷʱ˵˵صɣʦ֣,أ˭
ʱҡҡͷ
ؿݽǧʱ䣬ʦ֣ѵǼǧꣿŷźʣҲ԰
ҵƮǧ֮ãʦǰҼ˻ȥʵ壬Σ񲻹ꡣʱ˵ԣһûôϡ
ٸʵףʦ֣Ϊʲôˣй𣿡
ʱĬһ£û˵
ʦ֣һûףԭξһ𣿡ٳԺһƬĬʵ
ʱָָԼԭΣǷҪڵģԭΡ
Ŷԭˡ
ʵ¶ʣΪ𣿡
ôʲôС塣ŷһۣ
Һ档
ʱ޹ؽҪĶˣֵ𡣡
º޺üۻһĨԶ׼
ˣ㲻ٶʡ
ɬʣС壬һʼ˵µҲҪߣòᣬҲ˰ɡ
ʱ֮λʦֲԼͬĿ
˼ĵ˵ͷ
ٺ˵˵ҸĿڣʦʦǶˣǺˡ
ʦ֣ҲͦõѽԵĵٵļ
á̹׾ֶСʦãңҪǲ޿Ժʲô֪ˡ
Ȼŵڶ׺ʦ֣ǰʦֺʦ̫ˡ
ٵҲԭģС壬㲻
ûУܹ𣡡
ΪʲôԭΣ

̵Ųʱ󣬶λʦڴĿ˵̫ˣԺװ¡
ԭΣڳܵĴСһʮСж󣿡ŷӻ
ҲСǳĴ
ĺ˼˵СʦõԭӦúܿɰС𣿡
ô֪
㲻ȼãҲöʦִұһ¡ĺ
ŷʣʦ֣ǵ㶼֪С϶Ҳ֪ԭǺ𣿡
ʱ˲Ѷ㵽¶Ȼ˵ţѾͷصϣҲδ
ŷ˵˵֣ĶˣùƻġС壬Ǻ
ҲòҼ˵仰ϸֵͷˡСͲһˣֱӰ˹ͷϡٸ͵
ʲô˼
ûô׵ĺŷ
̧֣۵ֲ֪ʱ˷צӣŷǰ˻Σ˵һ飿
ŷ飺ʦ֣ܹܣʦ֡
СĲʦ±ǺѧġʱЦЦ˵ңС岻ףǿɰСꡣ
Ťһ£˻Դһë׵Ķð˳ûüһ䡰ɰ𡱣ֻ־Ͱͷ޶һѡ
𣡡
û
ɹĵٸжˣҴСë׵С֣һֱδԸ뵽СʦëףҾ;ô޺ˡ
ŷָеȷȺҪá
ĺԶűӴ˸磺С壬ջȥҹ

ʱͷѩ׵ĶĻȥ˵ˣҲˣҲ̹׹ˣɢ˰ɡ
ĶҪ𣿡̲סһ顣
ʦʦǲԼͬĵͷ
ʱĵٵļʾԺǼˣֻʣˡ٣ϼδˡ
廰Цʦ֣һ㣬
⻰ԼԼ䴫ݳһϢʦǶδʡ
Ƿǵƣһ֣˾Ͳĸоˡ
˶ұ֤Ϊδ·Ʈ
ת뿪
ŷСӱͬȥˣȥȰȰ
˵ţĺ
ԭֵ޿Ժֻ̱ʣʱˡ
ʵԴ֮ǰ±ʱһκ󣬱һֱûʦ뿪ʱƺЩɥ벻Ϊʲô
ֻʣˣ֪ΪЩ֪룬ɰͰ͵ʣʦ֣ձҪ𣿡
š
Ժ档
ʱأлĻ
㲻ңҾѽ˵
áЦ
ʦ˸ɰͰ͵󣬱Ĳȥƣʱ뿪ЩĿ˿С͡
ȴ֪ȥѰѵʱ񣬽Ųȴ޿ԺΧת
ʱɫ谵һ´ڵĻԳԤʾŽмʱˡ
ʱ֣Ҫعˣ䱦Сʦãöټ
Щڲ˵ˡ
Сʦû֪⣬˲֪⡣
˵۽Σܲź
Լǽŵһʱ䣬ûźġ
ʱ̤ڵҹɫ¹⣬̤޿Ժ
ʱֽýݱҹɫɢɫĹԡһ΢紵·ɣССĹƮںڵĳ䣬Գ
Żݱ˹ʱܿгһɢĳУӭ˻ݱ
ײ䣬׵ĹԽ֯һԳеĺг
ʱеĳΪ
ʱ񽫻ݱݵСʦУӹЩĵ˵ʦ֣ôÿαȽѽ
ʱüЦһգСеĽ
ҿɴ򲻹ʦ֡½ͷ­ģȴдĶ⣬ǴʦˡʣʦôȻ۷ˣ
ΪҲľ뿪ʱ˵Щ˺þˣҪ뿪ǰ㡣
һ㶣Ŀע£Щ֪롣
ʱƽҲģϰˣôƫĻŻˣ
ʱº͵Ľһ仰֮ϣС壬ϲ㡣


84 
Ů֮ٶ,ûеһʱ䷴ӦѾһ˵Ҳϲʦ֣ÿʦҶϲ
ʱ񣺡

ϲ,ȻǴʦ֡ʦ־ҵġ˵ں,žòԾ,Ƶ˵
ʱѵõĴ״ΣҲֳ
ګګĿʱ̾һºͣҶ,Ů֮飬֮ꡣ
ͬ,֮ǰʱϲ,ѾϰˣδвԾĵط
Ĵʦ֣ǵһδӴʦֿϲŮ֮ġϲ
ƺΪΪ˗˵ϲǴʦΪʲô
֪֮,ʦº͵һˣӦϲһӻƢĹ
ʦ֡ګګڣΪʲôҪϲҰ
ʱѿڶ飬վ飬Сʦ츳,ɫ,Ϊβϲ㣿
˵ĵУֻСʦһĨɫ
չأͤͤСչʱʯ⣬̤ʯʱһ۱㿴
СʦŰ,ԡ＾ůĽɫ⣬첽⴩׵Ʋ㣬Сʦ۽̳ĵĻȣɫϲЦ⣬˵⡣
ĲһǰһԼġë׵ĺĲֱֱĲ
һƳϲԵ˳ˡ
һ䡰Ϊβϲ㡱ʵЩ£ֻܻĵͷȻͰ͵˵ʦ֡ңҺٱŮ֮ϲ
ΪֹҲֻһ
ֶһʱ
ǰҪŻҲգȴ𾴳ݵʦ֣˺
ΪûŮ֮ϲңҲ鰮˺þãſĿİʦ֣鰮ҵ⡣Ǹ
ʱмĻһĨµЦǽҪȥˣЩ˵ź֮½ıԸС壬ҪѹҲҪԷƱûκ⡣
º͵̬ȸȾҲһЦ˵ͷ
ǵң֪𣿡ʱ̧ţѾߵԺſڡ
֪һġһҪȥ棬ʦּǵӭҡ
ʱףԺſڣᵭС壬ʦֵݣ㣬У
ûУһͬβ͵èһ㣬̱Щ꣺ǸĹεĶƭҺòңֲʲôŰλ⣿ֻúýѵˡ
ʱĿͶƽĿٿıŮӣǷ⣬Ϊʦ֣ЩҲò˵С壬Ϊħ˲ݣԸħˣϲΪܹάֶã
֮£ƫ۹⿴Ϊϲ
ʱΪ˾ᣬΪ飬ħ֪᷸¶ٶ¡⣬¾ǰҲһ룬㾿ܷܡ
Ŵ˵ͷ
侲룬ʦֿɵһλ˷ӣʱܰݣ֮£¶Լ
õʦк޲ƫĹεĶ޶˱ꡣ
ס

̾һת˷䣬ճ붨Ծġ
Ҳ˶ϣֻΪҪֹڴˡૣβΡ
Ժ
߻谵СԺȼ綹ĵƻŷŸС̳ӣҲþƱ;ž̳Ӻһһڡ
֮ʱ䶼ǽţĲᣬȴüá
СԺʱɫ糣ʣôˣ
ŷ߽űߵľ̳ӣʱʱ׽ס
ʦҪȥʺˣԺһȾƵĻҲָⲻ𣿿ҡŷüԳһֽôС嶼ʲô˰
ʱ棬ܶ𣬶ǵȾƺȵԺˣǰٷһΡ
ŷһۣǴʦִƵģ㷣ңҲԷ
ʱ٣Ѿˡʱ
ҷСˣܶˣŷ鲻˵
ʱĬһ£赭дĵ˵Ķ˵ˣҲϡ
Ǵʦ֣ŷ޵ԺǲҪѾͷɩˣ
ʱ񣺡
ҡҡͷ
ŷЦһʦʤȯյ˵ϣĪ˵ϵСʦðˣ
ʱͷ
ɵ˵СõҲۣǿĿģ֪˶ıˡ
ԣĽҲ֮С
ŷ鲻⼫ˣΪʲô
ȫжִˡ
ŷԣʱֻеľ̳ӣȻͷһҾơ
ɪ紵ŹƵС£ʱļͷһ
˽ҹ޿Ժſڿ޿Ժ轣ŮӣޣǷɼ䳤裬ıĹ㡣
һ֮˼֮
һҹܿȥ
ϸܵ˿·ߵĿݻ֮ϣ＾ɪ
ŻƵĹɽֽɡվǽŵĴ⣬һµĴʦ֡
ǽŵĽưۣѰŵİ£Ƶɫڰ֮ϣ֡
ǽŵĴʦ֣Ҳȥһˡ
ʦһһĸȥѡŷ顢ĺ٣
ӵ˼λʦֵ֣ʱֱ΢ֻ̧ļͷ
ɡʦһıһ´ʦ֡
ʦ֣ء
ԸҵĴʦǰ·˳죬˳ģóԸ

޿Ժ˽ƵĹ𻨣ͺͺ֦Ѿ΢˪ŷĺҲ뿪
Ȼϼɣﶼÿġ
ٽѾĲŵһߣû˵ʲôҪߵˣյҲҲŶԡ
䡣Ĵ
ƲƲ죬Ȼ⣺ҪСһ𣿡
ˡűҹС˵ĵʦְţҰ˾ͰСߡ
СȴҲ޿κΣ鸮һСƿݸ˵٣˵ٵĵҩÿ»ڷʳιԣһˡ
Ŷ
Сƿĵҩˣҿܾͻˡ
ٴһССĺɫҩҪСƿ

ܿ죬ҲҪ뿪ˡ
ǽŵĽưۣɫĳȹһ𲿷֣󲿷ڷɢԺ޶ˣĶˣǹѵǽΪĿɫʡ
ʦʱȻͬգģѵõĺ
ʱʦʦǵǰԣѶʦʦõͦࡣ
ε࣬ԪΩ򸣣Ԫˡ
һߵ˵Щ޴룬վǰܵͣʦ㣬ʦ뿪ʱûͱ𣬵һҪ͡
ңɲǣСʦôСھԼֳɱ֮󣬸Ǻ޼
صĵͷȻһǸ˵ʦ㣬ҶˣǰҶᣬԲǶԵģ
Ŀһۡ
Ȼùͷ಻壬ЩôҲʦã޷
ʦȥʦ֣ʦ;˴ʦ㡭ʦֲԡҧҧ˵ʦʦ֣ʦ飡
üͷ΢壺ôΪ˵ʲôˣ㲻֪𣿡
֪ġʦֶҺܺãҡ˶֮ĵģ𣿡˵Ҷʦ֮ģ֪ʦʦҲ֮ĵġңʦ֮ģҶʦֵҪö࣬ҲʦֶԴʦһƬˡ
ޱ飺һƬģôͲһ̯Ӻһ֮
ʦĺܺãҲпԡ
ĶȻʡ
һ棺ʦִСҺܺѽҳŮʱʦֻҵеʦء

ʦ㣬Ҹһ£㲻ҪŶ
˵
ʵҶȼһֱĴøУܵȼҵĸ鲻һ㡣ʦָңҺܺãȼҲǶĴøеġߺ˵ʦָҼĹҿڻھء
ʦˣĻˣ֮ǰȻȼۣ
һʼҵǴʦǲϵǽԼˣʦҲʦĴøУǽԴϲ
ǲ¡
룬ȼʶ𽥾ѵ£ߵһأ
İɫóһöѶͲݸֱܹϵȼͲˡ
ɬȼ뿪ǽǰҪһöѶͲҲˡ
Ҳͦá־ͽеͲˤ˽űߣͲ̼룬â
ӭĿ⣬赭дҲҪ
ļʾߵȺС
վԭأűö˴ӵŵִͷĴѶͲʼ֪ףΪʲôʦôףȴôܰˡ
Ǳߣʦʦĺ˵ε䲻ķʣʦδҵΪʲôǽţǹһˣΪҲΪ
ĲֹӣгӣнڷһѾͷ޷ˣҵܣҪôá
ЦˣҾͰǷĹζϡ
ұˡǲϣݹǰ߶㡣
ٲʲô¶
ʦְЦе˵õЦݣ⻹Ҫġ
ٿͰ͵˵ɱ˿ʦ֡
֪
һǰǽţȻתһһ¹ɽһϮգۼʧǰ
ɽɽ·²֪˶ٴΣÿһСǵ
¹ɽȴǲ֪ڡ


85 
ǽź,Ҳ·ΪʦԼ˵ȴ꿪߼Կʱ,Ե߿δԹĴúɽ
Ȼ,˳ʱ,Ͳ֪ĸ˶ϡϾΪΪͣͲǰѾܳһʱˡ
֪֪,Ǹź޶Ĺǻǰ,Բż
ֻ,ѡ½Աķߡ
һ·Ϸƽ˾ȴħмԽƵħʰ˸ɾ⣬Ҳûʲôر¶ˡ
Ϊһֱȥʱ鷳Զˡ
,ȻҪϻڵģһʱ뿪㱻ˡ
һϮ£ƹ⻪,ŮӻҪұֵĺϻڶĸǰ,˿
ǽ㣬ʮأֵȵˡҪСһĺϻڶϸ顣
֪ģΪϻڶǶô֡
һμϻڶ,ʮǰһŴϣʱֻҲֻμӹôһΣһ鷳
ʮĺϻҲ֪ǳʲô磬һϡҹĴͼ
ŴǰѾˡһŮӼ䣬ǽΪٮٮߡãҪһλܹķˡ
󣬽ڣֻò绨ȫ㡣
ʱҲʮ꣬⻰㵲ѣһ
ϻੲݡ
ŭǰλ˵ȼʲôͬ齶ߣȻ˻顣
ޱĽ裬ȻĽŰϳԼķ䣬Զ¶˯һޣڶ޿ȥҺϻ״˵۸ʱζ˼ͷ
õ鵽ϻԣʵʵİһ٣ȻֱűԽ֮ǰδ
Ϊ±ȥˣЩʱÿÿ˵أλһ
Ѿǵˡ
㡱㿪ʼһ١
̧֣ƮƮһЦ绨źͨˣԷźҽؽ֮ˣ
ҪĶ
˶ô£

˱ꣿ̾һé®ǵĴ㣬ô˵ҲøӰɣ
γݱ
۲ת˵ͬڣһΣΪӦһҰ㣬Σ
ǰϻң˫˫üʱ·Ľ˺ϻ
˭ͬˣ
촽ȻΪǶǡѽ
̧֣һë׵ĺצӳһ˲˻ȥ
˵ֻĿӵĴ
ˣ㣬ͬΪķϡ࿴˵̳˰󣺡ҰߵýͰӦһ¾ͺˡ
ǺϻڣòǺѰɣ
Ȼǣֻԭˣұ㶥ȥѽܣֻ߽㡣
ʣε֪Ϊ
Ϊ꣬ȻҲֻΪͬĶߴĿ
һ񺮡
㣬ȥôβˣұ֤˴ιұ㲻ٲˡ
ȥݱݱڽ£մȥĳ
Ҿֻ˽ˡ

޿ĵҰȡһһҪ޸֮СʦãҲԸܵġܾҵģҲֻнˡұֻ֤һΣ𣿡
ңɽڱǳɽƽʱãͨǹˣΪǾȻᱻĹϡ
зý㰲Ȼͨɽ
ջҪ»ݱĽţ˵ôǹôˣ
Ȼҵķӡ
֦ȥʲôƭңˡ
᣿ҪģָڳɽĹ޵Ҫץء
Ϊ⡣
ڳɹĽӭ˺ϻڣϻڲͬǽţﴦǻһ͸ž£ʱϮ
Ϯ˸硣
ôôˣʱŲסѯʡ
㲻ǵˣŴѽǲμӴ˴Ŵȵĵӣ;ϻڣҺϻԸþ֮ѽ
Ŷ
ཫһµСԺ·żŹߴİµĵϵģͬк
䵭Ӧ
ҪҹˣɺϢߡºڵĻҲڴ˴顣
ҰӦİ㣬ҹɽ
áһӦ¡
Ƶ߳ǾµСԺ󣬾͸˹ƵĿ첽Уɫװǰߵ˺ϻںһƬ֡
˴ŸڵĳɽƽǺϻڵĵӻа۵ĵӶ
һ̤룬ܵǿħѹʴãȻ֡
ṫӣ㣿ѽǽϻڣѵ㻹𣿡
һµĹƹһѪĺ㣬ħ续˲ֱӡ
࣬û˵ֻǽħǵصѹࡣ
ɫףħѹ£ֳԭΣһֻȴǺħ
ͬħԨ˼ӣΪħȻҪڱǿħǰǰǽͽ˵ոħȴǰδеΣաԽйһ֮Եɪ
ɪʮǰȥҪʡ¡´ȼ˻飬ǽʧˣʹһ١
ȻûԼΣɪ͵̨ˣΪڲȥֺǸװͰ͵Ĵʦˣû뵽λˡ
֪ΪôħġӭǰɪҪҪ۵
Ұ
Ǽɽ޵Ǿ͵ѱƵǶȥͶأֻһ
뵽üεŮ˾ҪգΪȸԾ
Ƕжĥ
ʱȸԾȴⲻ֪󾿾˭ᱻ˭ĥˡ
ƳԭΣһʱҲٱź˵֪˴ǰΪ£ǶԸǽļƻ˸ı䣿
ҴӲ֪йʣ
ϻڵλ⣬ӱμŴȵĵӣ඼ںϻͣЪҪľŵƼ֮ʱͱΪһ£ʦ
ԣڲΪħ
û뵽ǣ˸Ӵŵˣȴһһ㡱еȡ
ɫ޲һʱ²͸˻⣬ȻҪǧټƵһгˡϾλҲǰƢĴʦֵģ϶Ǻ޶
ͼĻ˵й̸ϣֻɪȥǽ㣬ò绨ʣĺĽҴ裬޶ұͷ˼֮˷ָΪλֵˡ
ôģŵϵĺħ
Ĵ
΢΢۾ǲžȻ˱ûûƤ
ѧˡ
ãжС
˵ȻֱӴ˰ҸղŲǸ˵ô޶ͷ

λĺߣҶǲϲʱعй顣ųϿҵ˵š
ָͷס˺ħɵβͣѺħΣա
ҽСָ£ҪβͣĽ㡣
һһ䣬ڵ˪ҵġ
ǱˤڵأӸ߿׹£ˤòᣬĴβͣ۵üҪϵ
࿴ﳤȥЩƿڴ
˭˭˰
񾭲
Ļǧº֡
ףǴʦհ񾭲ˡ


86 
ƽ˾һҹܿȥ
ա
뵽¾ͻ,Խ㻻һŵİ£ȹԽɫ˿һϸСҶƬз顣
ޱʱ,Ķ,üۼǴ΢˪,Ÿ߸ϣΪദ
Լʰ޺֮ȥҺϻڶ,Ȼ뿪ΪӦĺϻڡ
ԼĪǱߵĽˣδṳ̈ⷽµСԺ,ӭ
ɫ糣,Ц÷֣۾ۣЦ궪ˡ
˵㡢ǴʦԲӣЦô,Ǹ궪
ޱ³ĸ֣ɦŪˡ
ࣺ
ûٿ̧࣬ʱ೤һ죬סȥ·
ȥѰҰǰ,ʦ,ôӳ飬ǽҰ㿴ʲôҿɾͲˡȻӦģʦӳɽȥ,ֻ»Ҫһˡ
ٿĳ˹ô֪ȥ
򣬳ǼƶĳǳأȻҲֻʣ˼ˡȻ˵
㵹Ǵһء˵оǰǱᡣ
ЦⰻȻлʦޣٽȥҸһͬҰ˵𣿡
ʱ֮ǰһҪ뿪ǳʱұԭͶʲôɽƵȥ
áһڴӦʵڸһ˭ԭء
˽ţ࿴ˣԺС걸ſˮȥ
Ҳȡ
Һȡ
ŲƵⲽ˳֮ڣ͹ĴŵһŽɫķ˹̵ĲˮС
ǽɫķˮܣܿʧ
΢ҡһ²ȻصΪһůůȲ裬뵵ɵı߶ģ
õĴֻۣдʦ㡣೯գһ۾ЦĵĲ裬ʦ㲻ô
뵵軹ṇ̀ҪȳҪҰô
أлʦ񰮡£Լһ󣬲Ƶ˵Ҫ⣺ҰΪϻ꣬ǿƣԣʦ˰㣬ԶЩġ
ҰҪֵķˣˮ¶ԣʦȻˡԣֻܷ֮
Ỻ渵ƺûûˣоǻصʱǽѧУ˵ӵƣپ⡣
ƺǲĲɣзɿ컮һĨĹ⣬żգʦ˰һڣǱȥѰҰ㡣
ԺĶ˲յ
״ƲƳһۣʵȫϡ
ȵյԷĲˮôѳɹһ롣
һ̣ģȴǲյڵط
ͻ⧲һΪǷжߣŭˤ
౻ѵüΣʶıͷ
˴̵˵ָ⣬Ƴһŵ࣬ζüĲ̵ңҲΪ㡣ηηɲء
ࣺ
춼ûжһŴָ⼷һ죬δġЦݲõ
ֻڹӰ绨աɿһƣסԼա
Ŀһۣ˵̧ȥ
ִ̧׷ȥȵҰ
һͬȥѰϻ·ϣź֪δǼԷĲˮ
ˡ
ܿ죬˺ϻڵֵƤ£ŵеԸ
ǰδλֻһЩšԭϻڵĴС˺ü꣬ǰɷħɱλСһ׾ӡ
ǵܵܲãôҲɽġ
Ϊλһദϵģе⣬˵ֱ׶ˬǽŵĴʦ㣬Ҽǵ㡣˵ŮӼһҲΪСиܽ㹴֡
ŮӼһˣǳҴʦĵӵһˡ
ϻţеЦҪ
̶̵ļ仰̸ͦϲӵģֲΪϧ֪Լһ۰ĵܵܣѻһˡ
ΪҪԭĺϻ
ĿĴﵽеЦǰ㣬Ҿʹʦɽˡ˵ˣɲٴ˰ȻʦҪˡ
Ȼ
뿪
εĺβͼҪˣλṫӵѹд󻼡
Ҳû
ߣģʲôԾĵط
ɽ·𣿡
ǰֻҪʦȥһطܿͽˡ
üͷ΢塣
æ˵ܿʦҲܺܿɽѽ
ģܾ˽ˣ̧ǰһƬѪĺ֡
һ
ţĽŲӺУԶ
룬ҵЩͣںϻڵŵˡ
ʦ㣬ԲҲģҲôҾˣһںϻڣΪ᲻õˡ
㶣űֱһۣǽڷָ֪ʱצֱһɫķѪһ⣬˳˴ڡ
ŵŲˮȥģʦ㲻ȣҾֻܳ²ˡŮӼۣײ̣룬Ǹ
һǸΣ˵پ˼㱣һʱϾ˼
ǰģȻ󺰣Ǻɱң
ԭأһƬģǰ˺öɫӰֱһļȻ
𣿡ٿ̧ͫıˡ
Ǻ
˷಻㶣㿴ѹĺŽϡ
ǵʦֱƣЩ񣬵Ҳֲֻһֻʮеĺ꣬ԣʧȥѹĺƲסڵ
סѵĺһ߿֮ˣ롣
Ǳһŵ۴УҪˣ

һӵ󣬵ûãܵͣ
ûݱ֧ӣܵסĿڣֻȫ¶顣
ﲻܿƵĻֻܾ͵ϥǿѹȵ
ܿ죬ŲԶ
֪Ǻųơö֮ŵӣ׷ˡ
ƺˡ
Ϊ˦ĳɽλʿΪ׵ˣǺˣ
ɽɽ
ɽаۣ
鷳ˡ
񣬳
ԶȾѪ¶һ˫ɫͫ׺ݣͷѩ׵ĺǿ
ѩ׵ķ׷˹ȥ
ֲɵ˶ڣȻӲӲѹС
׷ᡣ
һйڼž֮ʱһʦΪﱻ׷ɱĴϷ˳
ߵ˷վĵطЩѪϵ˿ġϣһĺ׺һ
ѪȾָ⣬С
ʦ㰡ǲ䣬ų࣬ѹ±ȴɽҪصƫǸֵ硣
㣬Ұ˰ૣΪܿ˾֪ټ磬ݲĴڡһУһ֮
ȵңҺܿ죬ʹˡ
ңħԨ

˳˳ˮĻ꣬һ׷ܵһλʦ׵뿪ߣһΣֻʣһǱӴܡ
ĻҼ䣬δӦ֮ʱ̶̵ļʱ֮䣬㴩Խ˰ݣȻ󱻱Ƶ˼ɽĶ¡
·ɲħԨ
ѩ׷ɼ䣬Ϊ׵ơ
˴Ѳɱ㻹־ܣڱʱйʣһ
ʮǰʹ򲻹ңʮ󣬱ʤң
Բѣ
˹ȥ
ʱ侲룬ЩģǺϲŲԼϡȺŹ
ּãҪĻݱҪצһʱ
޵֮һʱҲô
һʱѷ֡
һ̴ݺݴ󱳶
ºͷĿ
ɺ޵˴
˴һӵƷʱһԽͻأĴ˽
㡣
ȥһϮµ˻ǲԾÿ·ߵ˶ǰ
һ²ᣬ˼صˣ֮Ҫֳһѹʶʱģ塣
ֻһ¡µСʦܴԽȺ
ţôĴʦ㣬˵ϲԣӦġ
Ӧ᲻ǱҲ᲻ɡ
ѩ׷ȾѪļͷ⺮У֡
֣ס֡
ִʱһͬţʱ˵ľů
㣬֪ϣֻһ˲䡣
ĽɵɵĿ
ЦЦ׵ħԨ
ֱʧ׹һ̣Ȼ
ԭġ
ɱġ

û뵽Ὣ£Ҫ֪¿ħԨ
ʧ׹䣬ɣ
ʣʲô
Ц޺
ˡ
ɱ󣬱ݹЩ׷Ĵɡ


87 
ɱ,ǰƮѩڵѪɫ
ƬѪ밧۵ףħԨ,׷ȥ
֪,ܹħһٳħԨķӡ
ħħ֮µļ̳,ȱٵġųħġ·ܹ֮ħԨӡ߽⡣
ع̳ôʱӡ,һ׾ٱɱơ
ҲΪ֪,ħԨķӡ˺
׹Ԩ,ȴķӡһܹ˺Ƭ쫷ɡ
˵飬ǵ쫷֮Уµļ̳ת,ҲͷţȻӡ߽⣬ħԨϷ쫷ҲƽϢ
ħԨķӡڡ
Ҳ˵쫷֮е,δ
һ֪һ
ħ,쫷֮УٶԽԽ죬һɫĲӰ
쫷罫´죬֮ȴֺܺ
׹ܿڷۿ˰³ΪѪµŮӡںڵĳƮɢĵСҰ,֮ӵ
߰ݵŮӣ˿ϳĺ쫷缸Ҫ˺顣
ΪŲߵһƬհףЮħٳ˹ȥȻ§ϸ׹䡣
ֳĶС̳·Ѿۼ˲Ѷħ
ħǿǿħϷ£Ϊʲôħ֮ʱֻһӰ
ߴ˻н§һѪµŮˣ䣬˾޴ļ̳룬Ů˿УϢ΢
һֻֽıһֻǰĿڣ׺ݵ쫷ϴСС˿ڣصıǿĿǵ
ʱĿѪѾʪֻ֣Ѫָһһεĵڵ棬Գһİɫ
ħǶһۣѡһһĿ
ĳؽŲ̧ͷתȥſħ
ħǽŲԼͬһ١
Ϊǿ˴Ӳϣһֱ԰׵ϵħƣұаϣһ˫Ѫɫӳǣ·ǵԼ
ͬʱߴһ޺ξ޴ė軴ߣĸħ
ħǿǰһУƱסһ㣬Ŀµ񣬻ʲô׵ģ
ǿаعˡ
ŵħˡ
ӭ
ӭٹ
ħǸԸΪħԨǿħ׳Ƴǰݵڵأ׵źţΪʵĿ̬ӭǵ
ǡ
ߵźģ壬ΪħعħԨЩġȱȫļ䣬ȱʧǲĻعһһĻ
ħħԨǧ꣬ȴһֲʵֶαˣȻΪϷӡ
ͷֳһƶȴгһת
ʱշתƶתΪһӤ
Ķʮʱ⾡ǿޣʱʵʱ˺ѣɱ
ƶȴΪŮӣѳª磬ڵһμʱԸħ
ŮӣҲƣҲʼմδվ߹ƫƱ΢ĶȻˡշתࡣ
ֱǽŻµĻþһƶһĨǿŵϣǶɢµ֮С
ЦǶ˶ŹжŮ˵ִ۵ĽħԨҪŮߡ
޴ЦĶ
ԼħЦһ
δǣջȺħϵĿ⡣
Űƣ˿ŮһۣȻһһķ˻
ļʵζǴǰĨ޴ĶŮ˵İ⣬Ҳظ֮ǰɡ
δü£Ů˽¶ӣ
ʲôϸ۵ֱָϣģġ
ܿƵĸյߣƮĶϡ
ΪɳƶŴƽɫȻͬ
˵
֣ҵģϣŲ

ֱϵָצþȫһ£˿ڲգ۱Ѫ˿
ĮĿǷûнŲøһЩһ޸˿ڡ
ǶţҲ踽ȥ֪
ʶô
ջûн£ǽᱧ軡
軺һ໵ŴͣݣЩӴӴЩθڡ
ǽͶιĿˡ
һۣżһ㣬§˗軵ıϡ
ħ⡣
˸į
ħӰԶȥڵ̧ͷħǲĴӵ
ħ߰ĮһС
ϰߡ
ħǣǷ
һλĮһеħһֻ˵С§ڻУ䱦ħԨҽߵħҽΪˡ
ħĪƽ˼飿

ħλħ֮Ѫɽϣ߸ϵĸħħԨ
ΰ಻
δ̤˵أв̫رĸоƹյĴǰ¡
ǿһûιȥоָס°ڡ
񾭲ԹƳɴ齣ϸһͬʯһӣҲˡ
ҲʶˣѪɫлһĨǳϷʣЦöӣұţ
Ƕ˶У֪
׹ħԨȻʮ־ĥ
ĿڵѪʱѾֹסһֱֻͷͷĺѩף
ԴԴϵ϶µ֡
ȻΪˣϵĶȴԽԽ֣˺þõҪҧֻͷһһҧסָ
ܿ죬ﳢѪζͬʱҲû˰ָҧϵ
ۣҲľٶֻȤʣҵѪſɺã
۵һ³ѪѪͷѹѾõģҲָģһģȫˡ
˶Ϊֻ˵֣ο÷
˵ġ
ǡ
ܺá
δΪԾ
§΢ɣˤڵأӲˤ춼δӦֻǲסĿԣȫһţſˡ
ĮĿַ̧¡
ʱһٵĽŲ˽Űɫٲͼħҽ첽˽
ħȭ
šһ
ӵòȴǧ꣬ڵϵЩɵʣǣ
СǴҡ
⣺
¾͵Ǹղŷˤħְ˸ˣǹȻ۵üͷ壬ɼһԳͫ絶
顣
Уħѱɱ˲ʶôСǲ֪˶ٴˡ
ħƢǱˣûֱ
վţǵ
عæǰΪΣüͷ壬Ŀɻ󲻽⡣
ˡðһʣˣξѣ
ǶôҪǿĹﰡǿ־֧ѡ
ָϣ͵Щܲ١
ͬʱġɳƵġҧгݵΪв֮ģҲ˯ȥ
ǻ˹ȥǱԲ⣬
һδ˵̻꣬˯˹ȥ
˯Ѩ
⣺


88 
ħԨûаҹ, ´ʱħԨϷ˼ҹħԨǱѪ֣ҹ
, Ѿ, ȵ˿ڰáҩ˯֮, ûϢ
ħ
ߵ񷶥ԿյĴ, ³λ, һƬš
ŰɫȹŮ, ڱڳĵ֮ϡڵ͸ܿͷ亹ԼԼ˫ʢ˲ŵ˫
ɪȷǲţҲȷʵӦòţϾô뵽ǸӣһѺõĵ, ħת
ħԨͳߴ, ֮һƬ, Ϊһ֮˵ЦǴδħ, ʲɴ
Ҳ﷭Ͼǰħ, ѱȴ, ħеģҲֻħϵħƣ˫Ѫɫе
ⲢҪ, ҪǶǰķ/նħԨգ
ɪȥǲ֪ʲôֻæģħᣬԸΪħԨ龫Ƕ꣬ǰΪħԨˣ£Ҳһ
˵üǣΪħԨ龫ǣΪʱ̵ҷ֮ˣԣؽšϵħδȥһѪɫмΪЭЦ⣬ƫȴᵽ˼㡣
ɪʹͷδŤЦᣬɪΪһػ
ҲĳĬֻǽ˵һؽ
˵¶Ϳء
鲻ϣԱȻλʦֻ֣ʦϡ˵ɱ֮ȡ飬
飡
ݷ˼Ŀġ
δȡһֱк£ҲɪӦúܿ졣
ЦȵΪ㱸һݴ񡣡
±ȻʹֻǡɪԳһĨѿ¸뿪ħԨ
ħԨӦûһܵݳ룬ȻĺҲ޷ħԨɪ
γħԨ񣬱γ
ɪδ˷/Ҳãʹ˸ʶĵ¡
ɨ˹
ɪҧ¸ˡ
ɪ˳ȥعƽɢڱϣĿԽյĴ˼
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ãӴ֮ƽ׹󣬱̸пҴδ˵£׹ħԨģȻֻһʮеС
СૣỺĵʮеСʿǧĵУҲһù
˵Цҽߣɱɱ¶ˣȴΪȻ˵λ˵һҲ޼¡
׹ħԨǰΪʿˣĿǣǵʿµΪ޳ȴ˲ֲ˺
ͬ׹ħԨʱħԨķӡȫң־ᶨֻ´ʱ߻ħ
֮ǰλľѶתο񱻳ȫҡҲ˵Ϊֹֻڴˡ
ָڱϣζû˵
⿴ûзӦֻܽ˵Ϊֹڴˣξ˺ͬɹˣҲһӿҩ
˺ڳķ֣ǽࡣ
ߣֻʣһˣҲĸɵ˵ҲֻλһˣħԨŮӲ֪öôĽԣɡ
ʯƵ΢վȴɣҽ壬ֹǰΪ
һŮӰˣֵҷʩȡε˵ҵʱ䱦ܸһǾȲɵô
ƳħԨƬߵ֮ǰѾˡʶ꣬ʱ˵Գˡ
һۡ
ʦǿɵС꣬ǿйȡֵĽ˿ȸȻѡʯ١
ţ˵Ļȴζӣһǿ൱ŮˣĥǸ˼ô
ôܺأε˵Ϊҡ
ڱΪ㡣
⣺
ǧ꣬鷳֪ж٣ǵҰֻ̤ŹأҲġһһ䣬˵ԣ㣬ԾȡҲ㣬ľ
Ŀ
üͷ΢΢𣬵ܿɿڿʲô
ħһǶЩζˡЦЦŵһᾡΪģġ
ߵУԽȥʱȻֳ
ħλǺô
ĽŲԱ߶סȻ˵Ȼ
ĺ䣬ü١
ǵˡ

֣֮ϣĶǱ̹˿ڣһ𣬿Ϊ
ħȻްұȲħżȻմȾλѪ⸱ģ
֪ſģʲŷƼЭ΢졣˿ȫְƬƬѪ̺֡
ں֮ʹ֪ٶۣⲻᣬǾԲֵᷢġ
⽫۵ף˼֣һħĿǣλһйϵΪ
ǡһĮһֻʮеСˣ޳ǧŰʮһ꣬һͷûУʲôΪ
Ż˵Ǻ൱ħӴ
Ѿڵ߶ʮˡ룬ûнǾ仰˵ļ򣬵ģҲûҵͷ
Ƴ֣̽˻ȥȻ޵ķ˵ݣȥ
뿪
վԭأβεҡҡͷ˽ǧħȥһ˿ķǵëͷСӣҲֻ֪꣬
ֻǾħӣֻֻСҪίˡ
ҲҪĵġ
һߡ
ƽ軪ȴŵ޵˯ǧԹƳɵĺ󴲱ħľƵľһӣů
Ŵϣɫϵ΢΢ݣǴǼΪСһš
ڿʱ˽ŲǺܿߵ˴ǰ
˴齱ߣĿڡδŮˡ
Ҫૣһֻشǰء
ֻҪԣֻҪʶʱϴͶ¼̣Ȼ̳Ĩ޴΢Ķ⣬ϲ


89 
˯ʱ, ҲûϾΪħаʱδ, ħԨûаǰȻ, ʣµֻлҡ
, ʱһֱæ, æûʱȥ
żħΪ, ҲֻʰȺ˼ɢҵħħ, 
λҲûôҪеĲħ޵ı仯
еĴ߰ڷһħ𰻨˳΢紵ζĵ˺һ̺ӣȻħŮڵůڵ̿ڵ¹ԼɼѤõȹװŮԣȫħżõϾʱ䣬Ըơ
ε, λڻ˯, ΪıԼĹ, ôѺǲǾ͵ÿʼıԼˣ
δǰĺر˵ħ, ϵĹѡȥӭ
Īǵ˶ʮˣ˵ϰԻˣ
Ҫá
Ŀ΢ת, , Į۾͸ΣյĹ⣬δüж⴫˽Ų
ôڣѻ˴˵İ, ĺɫ续ü۸ĺɫħŲ԰׵ϣұ쳣
뿪ˡƳ˵ôˣĵرţλҲˡŵ㣬֮ˣɴϲ󱯡
šһ
ܿ뿪
ϴϺ󣬶ɫÿ˲֪ٵһϡ
ĳʶ
һħԨδҲ
ϴġ
ڱů˳ġ
ů
ˡ
ϲ¶ȡ
̾һȻůıУӵ뻳УĹģůůģź
Щû˯ʱ䣬һζĳΪǷϾ죬
Ϊģܴһ֣ҪһЩٽһЩƴƴǿ
ǣڵһħԨʱսʱĳʱʶʦԽĺ蹵
ʱֻһС˫ԶܳɴҲԶ޷Ϊʦǿߣˡ
׵̫ˡ
һʼѡħҲͲкЩ£ܹĽļϵӵ뻳У
ȻҲ١
ڼҷǶʮʱ⣬ɽħʱ֪Ϊ˵Ķʮ꣬ʶʮ꣬ѿĹѪ֮У
ħΪշת࣬Ϊߵ
ԣΪݰֻҪԣֻҪϲǰǸһ㣬İ
Ųذӵ˯ȥ
дڣԶѪ··ֿɼ±Ѫ⣬ڴ農ŵħ𰻨ϣɫСҡҷˡ
һѪµݳűķҷٿ˫ۡ
һʱδӦʲôԺļ仹ħƳҪ
ԡ
Ŀƣܿ죬űӳ
ս˿һźڵħʵʮ־£Ҳܺÿ
ɫħһ֦֦⣬ƤϿƯĻơ

һָ˺ֱ̧֮ܶţһŰȥ
ȻεЩĸˤȥʵʵϡ

̺ӣҲۣ۾ʱѹˣֻһֱû
һʼΪϲ˻ûãһ߹ˡ
ҲϾôӣܹɴ֡
о治Ǵʦ㡣˵δϴס˸ĳƺĳ嶯
ţڣʼſң
šѿ
һûˣֻŭ˵˭ĵӣǰϽſ
û˵ǽϣˣҾͷſ㡣
ħԨ
ſ
`˵
˵ſħͷ˻Ĵ޿̣˵
ͷһԳͫȫ
ǰһĨһģһŭ
ѾΪ̵һˣų
ʲôʸ񣿡սصΪˣ㡣ֻҪԸ⣬̼Ҫ
ԣҪҵݹгһտĹͷ
һֻֻƵϸ۵ĲϣĲϸһֻ־׾ٵ۶ϡ
ǰŲӵŮӣٿķһЦ΢΢ԱƫƣȻԽĽܹĿϵħǰȥ
ţ䴫ʪ妵ĸоҧĲͣϣΪһôױɱ㣿
ͷƤ飬Ӳȴѡ
ôҹȻϣôЩ˼飬Σ
Ȼһ⧲ͱѿˣŴ󴲣ûüܼڵء
һǣϵ˿ڣѾʧڵϣβͨ졣
ǰ
ͷҧ˵
ȥ
ҵ޵㲻Ҫ
˵ȥ
ˡ
ûô۸
ƾʲô
֣㲻סĺˣң
˿ǻβֽ˰С
ɫ֮ʱ֪˶ٱѾʼϵ˿һ£ҲѪ
ݺݵĵƺΪˣҲΪãЩ·һ̱ιȥ
˵֮ˣɴϲ󱯡
Σ󣬺ݻһѵǲ뿪Լ޵ϣ˼˺þõ
ǲǵúһ㣬һ㣿
뿪̲סһʣ۾ûпޣǻһϴӡ
˯˺þãʱ˯⣬׹ħԨǰ£һһĴԺл
֪ħǱУȴδ룬ʮǰʶ࣬ȻҲħ࣬ҪĶ˸ͷ
δģԲںΨǽţǽš
ǻΪأ
ڴǽ壬һеʼٸߣ
Ǹڿ˵ϲˣȴ鷳۸
Ķˣôᶮϲ
ĻӻǰµĺøУǻӻˡ
νϲҹά޷֮õִˡ
һУ
侲Ҫȥ˵˶һд󣬴ˣһ
˵ӣһΡ
սʳҲֻͻĽ޹ϵ
лҪ˵Сĵһ죬ʧˣ´ˡ
ôʦõȨw
ľǿưֻб΢󰮡


90 
ħԨȻûҹ, ħϲѪµĹâжʱľѪϢʱ䣬Ѫ, ˸ÿʼһ졣
Ѫ¹âʱ, 㵽Ҳ, ħ
ھʱ, ⿴Ϸ, ʡ
ħôˣѯ·Ů
ħŮڸм, ƽϢΨʻʱŻľľĻش𣺡ǹｫħ޵иϳħһֱ
⣺
Ҫȥħô
ȥΪǹ
ܿߵ޵ıϥŨĻɫ, üͷ, Ȼ鷳ˡ
ͷһѩ׵ĺ˶, ׽ĽŲٿۣ⿴˹ȥ,
Ȼ󣬺ڵϡ
ײһ̣˾һ㶡
ϵĿ, ˯ʱ, żһĮӵĿϣûеΣա
⣬һ˫ͫ, 㵵΢΢Ŵ۾૵ˡ
ʹӣȻ˶е⣬Щ죬Ҳ֪Ϊ塣
ʱлˡл󣬱Ҫ´۵˫Ų̺ӵĵϡ
Ŀ⡣
õô
𣺡
أģûʲôˡ
˵ţԽƮƮĴ֮ǰû취ҵ޵ԺҪǵͨ
Ŷ
Ŀƹٿһ˫ɫ۾ϵȴһѪɫӡ
⣺
ת뿪
ûҵЬӵվվǰĸöֻ࣬ԼԱĲƽӡ
ƽ˵лҪ˵
˵

߽Ȼļ£˵㱻ϣδҪ𣿡
ƽ࣬ҹͱ˵̬Ҳͬǰһ޺
Ϊ֪Ӳ
ȻֻףҲֲá
ԣҪºͣҪᡣ
һʱȶĵԷ⣬ǰΪֻʵ̫£ѻָҹȴǰ˿ǻβͨβϡ
ʱ֪óףȴɸ֮¡
ĿȻҡҡͷʣ۲ۣ
ӲţŹֵģҹһֱвܺùԽġ
ۡ
ӻһһݸΪжϿˣұ㻨ʱ°ˣͬѹάΡ
ûȥӡ
Ұáָȵϣ
Ҫ͸ĶԼ໨һЩʱ䣬ͬ޳Ρ
ֱܾ֮׵˵лҪ˵ȻԼˣôҲʡȥˡ
֮䣬Ҫһ˶ϡ
ź΢΢սһʱû˵
侲Ĵϣʮǰ˵ڣԭÿ£ǵ
˵
ʮǰм㣬ʱ㡣ĹɱҲġʱҲ룬Ϊδ±ȻʱΪǷһǸڲ˵Ǹ
֮ҲŬʶ֣ϣʱõģҲġ
㹼ҡ
㱳ϼ壬ΪϰΪԴתͶɪΪˣȾѪ
ʶ⣬ûпڵĻᣬ˵ΪǿԲֶΣˣҲ˵ûдҲֻǹҰˡ
ǣʱգһ㶼Լˣȴ˵
ұչʮأڲ¼㣬Ϊʱ֪ڸ˼ѡңԣҴ˶ƫҪ㵱ʦԴ
Ϊ˺ܶ¡СΪȼġ̻ħԨΪҹõȹ߲ݵҶʱ˵ҪΪҡعѡ㻹ΪҺɳҺ뷢
㻹˵ϲҡ
ÿҶǵáʱĺܺãõһ󣬺õǰΪѵԼ
ȼãɪݱ𴩣ʱΪ֤ѡվߡ
ҵʱ뱣㣬ΪվҵߣҲΪǰĺáʧˡ
ʦ飬ֱʱҲ֪ȾǶô޴һĿ
ǻˣҲöĴЦҺȻȥο㣬ȥ̽㡣
ɫǲ԰ף̲ס˵ڶ죬û
ʱ֣ϸˣȴĵҹҹ£ǰǲǵˣĲǵãȻᡣ
ûнͣǼ˳ԼĻ˵ȥһΣ㣬㲻Ҫ˼룬ҲûϵҿԴȥߣ޸ҿԵǰһЩ£㡭һҲпܵģΪңͬһ㡣
ͬϲһ㣬ϲ㡣
һ仰û˵óٿĿĿڴ㵡
㲻֪Щʱ˰ҹ¶ȥ¼ʱҵõʲôɱ֣ϣɱǽŵӣ˻¡˺ôһ̯Ӹҡ
Ҳ˽ȥ£öĴҹԼգδٳ޿Ժֱǰ뿪ǽš
֪ΪʲôҪΪҪ㣬Ϊ㣬֮ᣬΪͣͲǰʱ䡣˽ᣬأ
ͬ࣬Ϊһ¹ڣǱվǰ۹⣬ɥ֮Ȯһ㱻׷ɱ
㽫ħԨˣҹң
ϸϸΪ̫ί˵β΢죬ҧгݵĵǷңҶ㣬йڣҲǷ㣡
㹼ңǷң˺ңӻҶϲ񣬻ʲôʸ˵ϲң㲻䣡
ᣬ·ֱֱͱӣһһɲǼѪ죬֧顣
룬ñ⣬˵ûСΪԴǣʱ˿ȴʲô˵ˣ
ֻܵϥǰȻСĽϸϣһȦһȦᡣ
Բ𣬽㡭Ӳ֪Ϊǰ˽ͷ­һʶδ˵Ĵס
ڷµĶڵֻǹǷ˺
ôϲĽ㣬Ϊί
ϾıƵĺϡ
Ҳ㣬ȥ
૵Բ𣬶Բ𡭡
˵˺öҲֻõһЦ
˵
ֶϿĺĶӡ
߳޵ܿߺĽŲٿĶס
ŻָãڵħǲȵʱΪħӿĴײ
ûȥܡ
վڵ⣬ֻǺڳĹԼܿģҲֻдҡҷħ𰻨
룬֪ˣϲģҲϲǵõһ䲻䡣
Уϲô
ǰôĴ£ֽħԨδ
ôȥϲǱŮӣ
Цħӿ䳢𣬵ûйܣֻǵ͵͵ૣǰ˵㣬ǼٵġõִˡҶ㣬ûкޣֻа
䣬䡣
ϲ밮˺ĵӶ
ִ޷԰εʱ붨ȻΪδתӲϲڿ붨ˡ
ΪԲһ˶ͣͲǰй·Ҫߡ
Ѫȵġڰġĵ֮·
޹ء


91 
ͬһ֮ħ, һԷǰħΪڶΣǱ軸ȥġ
ŗ軵ָ, Ѫɽɽ, , ſ±¸
ʱԶѪ¹â, ɽԽ, ⱻô˸, ޷Ӧ
ߵԱ£ʣôˣ
˵³һ֣
ĺƢȫǶˡ
ˣҹħȣ壿Ϊҽ, ɻ˲ϧ, , ̣ôҲˣλͬ˵ǹԣ
ɬұ, Ҳٶ࿴һۡ
ƣмãΪҲô
Ȼ, , Ϊҵħ
Ƴһۣ˵߰ɣԼῴŰġ
ħԨҪ, Ҳűߡĸ͵֣ڱħ
ü
֮ǰ˵ħϵħԽҲΪǹ￴⸱ģϲ
һǴ֡
ĿħħԨŲ·ֺħ·ܴпŮӵӰ
յѪһһĹâԤʾ֡һҹҪȥѪɽ
ȥΪǹҪһ𣿡ʵ
ҡҡͷѪµ£ɼϵħɫķɫ
Ȼһֱħܲϲԣ㲻Ҫˡ
ͷϴŵĺ£ȥɡ
Ŷ
޵С
ҹ붨һҹһȻܹ𣬵תʱȴܵ˼ʹ࣬ʹ࣬޷붨״̬
ԼµܵйأǱֻѹڵ
ħԨһҹȥʱҲֻʣһѩ׵Ķ䡣
ʱĽŲ׾ٵĲ׽ۣվ⡣
һ۱ϣ˫ͫȥ˷ǳǳɫӣ峺ֱ
һۣûпһͬʱʣʲô
ָָűߵĿΣǹ
ûж˵ˣֻʣ֮ǰܵˣǷӰ쵽ҵ
ϵѾĽˣģһˣ֪ڵжء
΢뵽Ȼ˵ʶǧֻ꣬ǰֻǷ˵ĺ¶ֱ顣
£سɴ󻼡
ǣ˵ǹ˵ȷأӰ쵽Ҳ޿ɺǡҲʮּ֣ܷҽκãҲܱ֤ǹΪʺ˵ĵطǿԣǹɡ
ԡ΢΢ٶ˵
üͷʱһˣһ۶Ը࿴ģѾ˽һƳȻɵ㶡
һŵİ£ϵħʧ٣ɫ԰׵˼ұа˼һīӷ·ųʪԳ޺
ǽŵʱģţ޺ײȡ˵Ρ
û˵һۿȥ㵵ʧòŽͰ͵˵ħħ㡭
ȥ
⣺

ⲻתߡ
վڵſڣ۰ͰͿķȻ㡣
뷽һޣȥ
ûԶ⣺
Ȼֵֹģ˵ʳУĵλȻ͵ģ
ʳ˵ĺꡭ
á
ȡ
޵ſڡ
ն˵һֱǡźݻҲӲ
ЦݣȡǰһЦʱ˫յһԾʢ棬Գһֹɡ
㣬ҿ԰ѹڵδۣɡԼĵҵ˺ܺõɣ˵󣬱˽ȥ
̣Ȼľ˵㵱ҲˣҪˡ
㲻뿪ߡЦŵģǿӲħԨ߲ˡ
㺦ˣ뺦޷𣿡
ȻΪͣͲǰΪֻҪһαȻȻľͺˡħԨԣֻܽ£뿪
ƺеѡ
ʧȥȤ֮ǰǲŹġǶʧȥȤƫִҲԲŹ
һħԨ
ˣҲԡƺ˼˺ܾã˵㲻뿪ҡʵȥߣұȥץħԨΪһߡ
˵˵ʲô
̾ҶΪ롣
㺦ˣ˵Ϊ룿ħǲҪĶ
һܡ
ᣬɽĶ²ɱ󣬿ЦΪΪ׼ģⲻ֪ҾͨŶݼ֮Զֽţʳ
Ϊħһͬ£񶼻Ϊ֣ɱ
ԣ㣬û·ֻܴҵء
û뵽֮£ʶľſ
˵Ĳɫӣûи˵Ļ᣺˵Щǽֻ߽һпʵˡ
Ϊ˲֪ٵĹףֻҪΪôʲôͶǴġһ֪ƭ֣Ҳѡ㣬ֻΪΪݵ
ԣ㣬ʵɡ
Ʊ磬ûбӰ죬ȻΪҲּ˵ֶ𴩡ǶҲ
ֻҸ㡣
νЦЦĽӽŤ㣬ңߺңܵѡһµѾνˡʼΪޱȰΪ̡ԣҲҡ
ʱŮ˿ɬҩ֭һۣʣҩ𣿡
ǡŮ̵ҩ֭ڳصľϣȥ
ҩ룬ҩ̣ð뵵ָͨ죬ȴƺ޸оһ㣬ߵԱߡ
㣬ҩˡ
ͷȥ
ĵȰңҲںԼӹȥ
˵ţôҨһҩ֭ȵȶɢȥٺ󣬵ݵߡ
ΪһѵӣǱʱ򣬿겻ɢֱִ֡
ַʱ˹̵ҩ룬ҩз䣬ɲǼֱ̺Ⱦ׵ĳۡ
ɫ޲
á
ͷһۣüͷˣ׼һܣ˵ȴǡ
Ǹ

Ū˽廨Ь
Ȼţҩ֭ʪ廨Ь
̵𣿡
ͨˮݵ֣ѩ׵㣬γĶԱȡ
βѣһŵſ֣Ȼ˫㶼ؽ˱С


92 
޵һʱ, һֱŰƣòڣǸ
ǻ˺
ŲԶȥΪѾ, û, ֻ, ϻڵҩ֭
, ҩˡ̵ֻͨΪδܼʱ, ѾһƬһƬС, ԰׵ķɫΪĿ
һûƢĬҪӹе룬ƮƮıܿ
̣һȡ
̲ס˵ͷ°Ÿ˭
㡣ǰ˵˾ÿƵ˵ܶһЩ
ַ͹ըҲ޹ءĮ
ЦЦ治ǽ㡣
ֲ˵ˡ
㣬ߣһܺõġһ, ˵˵ʲô, Ҷġ뵱ħԨ֮, Ҳȥ
޷Ӧ˵鲻ϣȥѰˡҸ, ɱ֮ȡ顣
ڿ
ĵȴķӦ
׽ˣҲŹô侲ʡ
Ǿ͸ң, ͣ֡Ķ
ʦ, ɳ˵ǹ׶㰵ѷǵ˵Ҫ, 㲻Ҫô
ҶġЦţҲҪˡ
ʱҩѾˣͷһںȵȻһ۵ǹι
ԴЦݵԣǽ
ƢǰſտҲҩת뿪֪ͷѩ׵ĺȥ
뿪֮ټ˼λħȻħļ̳
̤ϼ̳ͷķӡɼƳһۣ˵Ҫˣӡơ
ǿƳħԨӡٺòħɳ飬αضһ٣
Ƴȥһħ̵ͷٳһԡ
̧֣ڵħӿͷķӡȥħˣ׷Ч¡ʵķʽħԨŵʱ䲢ûгԹ޹ħļ룬Ƴӡָտɴ
ɴˣħϿŵħòһĺѪµĹâ޷͸

ܳһʱ䣬ֻںҩĹ̶ʱһգŮ˽ոõҩȴټ
ŮʱȻ˵ħڼ̳Ƴӡ
ħԨķӡˣȻһƽ١磬Ȼʣˣ
ħȻ񣬵ʱעڷӡ֮УħĿ𼫴󡣱ǷӡгһƳħҲܳһʱ䡣
ŶδжţҪҪ
Ż˵˵ѡ
ƽĬԵŮֵħԹܺãĺܺáū֪ԼûǸʸ񣬵ҲħһЩ
תͷȥλʱһֱչŮʵҪչˣҲͺټЩǲŮ֣ƺǽмޣ
޼˵ħǰħȴڹǰ΢ࡣΪξͿħĺãħδ˷ֺùκһŮӣǵһΪαͲأ
ܰڿڣŨŨɣһĹΡĺرֶεˣȴǰƾʲô
޲˼ĴħħԨ֮ǰһƬߵĲë֮أħΪǴϣ
̻˽ǳأ̻ѪµΪƶȻߣһ֮˽ϢģԴ֮ǧʱ䣬ħԨ١
ǲΪһƬȡ֮ģոµϣ
ûħûħԨ
ߵǰһЩ
ϲ䲻ʡ
ҡҡͷͽûʸĽġ
ȥħԨ
޿УǸΪϣħԨ
δҩ˵һβͣ
͵ٺȡ
̤޵оವĺֱꡣ
׷˵õ뻻һѡ
䣬׿һԼİ£һǰƣ۷һϮѣڡڡȹڶǶһȦɫëůϲ
ʲôëʡ
վڵſڣһۣȻǺõë
֪뵽ʲô㶵ĿУ͸ЩЦ⣬ܿ챻ĮȡûӦ޵Ļ̧ȥ
޿첽ߵŲסüæūֻħжū澲档
һ·ߡ
ûֺֻħܴҲܿգħûмȵ˼㣬ΨһɫԼĪżеļħ𰻨ˡ
ǰħһյĵطһ˼įǧꡣ
ħ󣬼ޱ㲻ٸ̧ɽɽſ˯ŵė軡
ĽŲһ軱һ˫ͭ۾ĮĿ
ӶƿĿ⡣
࿴ᣬǡ
û軳صĽŲ㴫಻
תͷȥǗ軲͵ĳɤӣҸ㡣
ŗ軿ۣȻ߽˗軣֣ë׵ĴԴ
軷ŭıϢϡ
żһ㣬˗ϣϵë˵ȥħ
һ·ħ
ƵħĽֵϣħħ׷¶Ŀ⣬ǲԼͬǰȥĲһλźѵŮӡ
ü续䣬͸ޡ
ħ֪ħʱĹ
ϲħԨħȻҲûκκøУһк඼Ŀ⣬Ҳ޶á
ֱһħ𰻨ħԨŮվǰ˼ĵݳе⣺ˣÿħ𰻨͸
ħԨŮ˵ҲǷˣҲҪĻ
ŮǿŻ
ėŴ죬Ůеħ𰻨ϡ
Ůʲ¶Цݣллܣ

һȥѾյ˲ٵͷһôܻӭ鸴ӡ
ֵħЦݴŶδ㽣⸱֮ǰħԨʱѼʱֻǸпʱټķһƬƽ
߳ħ軶˶յһ߰ĿڣһУΪħħܰҲմ˹⡣
תȥħк޴䣺㽵ģʲô
ħζⰵյħԨ
ƫͷȥ軣һһʣԣǱȥӶ˵ļң
統ħ֮ս
ʲô𣿡ˣֱ׳θõطȻݲǣôȻֻǿѵˣ
軵ĻһֻħҲһƾʲôǣ
ħԨУ͗һ뷨ģ֪ж٣˻ħΪҶܹͬȻҲȨ๡ǰαΣ޹ء
ֻǡħôħԨǸôĵط˷ˣظնɱ
δǰħ֮սҲ뿴Ѫɱ¾ݡ
ĿƫƣԶ̳Ϸڳգ֪ʱǴ
ĻᣬնɱԴĻᡣ


93 
صħ, ҩѾˣ޸˺ü飬ż
޽ҩǰ, Ȼ˳ȥ
Ǻڳҩ֭, ﷢, һ, նҩ, Ȼ˴ߵħ𰻨޷Զ
ҩ, ˴ߣȻ뻮һĽŲΪ׵ħħ룬벻Ҫ޵
žડһϡ
ߵ޵ſڽŸϣǶ۷ͳ, ð, Ҫһ޵ȷİȫ
ɢĽֳ, 
ͳһһ۵ĵµְ𡣡
һӳͳĽűߣ̼һ޴ѷ졣

Զ֮, 顱һѵŹϣ߹յ޵Ųͣһǰ

ڿǴƳʱ, Ȼϲʦ֣
һ, ǹ߳Į룬üһɰ룬ӳŰ˼ɫұ
ꡣĺ˸, Ȼ˵߻ǲףС壬СЩ
ϲЩ㲻úıǴţħԨʲô뿪Σգ
ĺƽĻشҾҲħԨ˭㣿
ĬƬ̣ɬʣ棬ˣǲǣѾˣ
Ϊʲôô룿ĺʡ
ǰ˵Ļ׻˺ۼ
ҲᣬǽŶ꣬ΪΣǶ˵ġ
ΪΣ
ƢԲʦʦö㡣

Ǿ㰮㣬Ҳ㡣С壬ܴһУһѪҺƫҲ٣ԣʼնǽŵĴʦ㡣
ȷʣͬ׹ħԨЩ׷ɱҵĵӶɱסδţ𣿡
ͬŽΪһûΰ롣ĺ˵Ȼ뿪ħԨƱҪһ׼Ͼƫܳ״ʧ
ĺĻ֪̫һͬʱ˵һ뿪ħԨ
ΪΣĺ룬̽ʵҺܲ⣬һͬ׹ħԨסħѵ
ͷĺ˵ѵǵС壬øոջعħԨħҲߵô

ħ
ĺ˭
ʦܡ
ĺһ鴮ɫԽԽѿȻæ´ǸĹεĶû۸㣿
ͷҡҡͷˡ
ĺʲŴһĵط辫£пյǰڵ³ůڵë̺Ǵħ𰻨Ǹõľס
ΣʧЦ
Ҳҹˡĺ˵ĹΣҲģҲ᲻Ƥ֮ࡣ
ĺһۣЩˣʲô㿴ģʲô£ΪưͳԻ˶˵ί
ֻǾ£ôôĻ
ʲôо£ԽãϲΣôħħ֮ףϲҾҵңҾҪжµĽûû¡
ĺ㵵ĿΪλ˵һ
˱ۣ侲һЩ󣬵ǸΪʵ̫ˡ
޷С壬ȴ뿪ĺ΢΢º뿪ħԨ㲻ٿˡ
ҡҡͷߵһ˵ڻߡ
ΪΣ
ѾĿҩ֭յʱ˵ħ뷽跨Ƴӡǲ÷ӡ߽⡣ԣҪնɱԴ󻼡
ĺְֱϣȻҩ˹һ˵˵ĻԴħ
ҩôˣ
ģҪ쿴һ¡
ĵţĺɬζȴ˵һ£ȫ⡣Ҳ˵ҪɱĻ
ޱĻأȻأ
Ϊʲô
ѿڶҲϲˡ
ĺšһ󣬷ҩ룬˵ҩ⣬㲻ٺˡ
ʲô⣿
ҩ֭м˲üӵĶǳõĺȥΪаսѪľĺ׷ʣС壬ʹʱǷоСҴܣܵ΢ʹ
ͷš
ҩģ˭ܲĥҲֶΡ
⡣
ĺһˣ
Ȼϵġ
ںҩ֭ȻЦȻҩ룬˵ʦ֣жʧܣһ㵲һУʱֻҪܣܵԽԶԽãԶҪ
أ
ңɬҩ֭һմȾ˺ɫҩ֭Цζ
ҲͰˣɱôݹ̤ǿŲֵǮˡ
ĴѾɹˣҪֹͣҪԼݣݡ
ࡣ
ĺ˰죬δȵģ˵Ұѷŵҩ֭Ƴ
ءָĨմȾҩ֭ȴĮʦ֣ǣȥɱѽ

ħѾ·ˣȳħӺɽȥɽӲݴ÷ïľȹڣϸĽһǳǳѪۡ
ʱԶյѪ¹â԰׵ϣѵõԳ𺡣
ɽţھĺ֮ʱһذףţ۾գҲգı㳯ֱһ
ɲǼ䣬Ѫ졣
ЩѪһĨɫסѪ۳һƴСѪ򣬱С
˺ȹһ£䡣
Ѫڻݱ֮ϣݱɢŵĺâԽҰ׵
ûãܿĺˡ
վĺһ𣬳Զļ̳ȥǵĽŲܿ죬ͷڳԽŨңҲڿӰ
Ŀδֱֱֺ̧ͣͷһƬڿȥۿɼģƬһĳѺۣ͸ӼԶϷͶĹâ
ħԨΥġ
ĺҲˣɫأӡҪˡ
ħΪ˲֪Ƴ£ܵﵽһµĳ̶ȣħм᲻ɴݵķӡ˵ҲǼʱɴݻٵƷˡ
Ҫˡ
ĺǲƺηֻˣħԨΪС
ʱҲ˲ˡ
̳ӳݱͬʱЩ㿴߲Ƶ

ż㣬·һ쫷磬Խż̳ȥ
Ȧħ̼ջҪȥ׷ȴĺס
һ۱㿴
ļϵŮӣ𣬶յĳźڽĻݱ׼
ħģŮ㽻ҵȣӡƣǰؽһ񣡡ħ˵
ǳ⣺ȥ
ӭеĻݱ
ǰ̷ǰֽ̹ҪԽеϧʱδóΪֿȭӭ˻ݱ
ÿһγɱ档
ʱȻоʱĲ࣬ڵԴԴϵĳǷӡǱѹú޻֮
ϾǻǧĴħͷˡ
޷˵ס֣Ц㣬˵ң֡һġ
һͬڴܵʱ˵˵ܴ裡
ȻɱˣǾֻһַʽˡ
һԲɵĴָѣڵעͷķӡȥ
޵Ȼħų⣬ӡӰ£ײȻһ־޴ġ
Ҫʯ٣
˶û뵽ôһ֣Ͼ֮˶֪òҲǻᷴɵġ
±
һ͸֧ķð𡣶Ҳܣħӿ԰׵³ħơ
ͷķӡ˾޴ֱֱĳλڼ̳ĵ˳޿ɱܣһε׼ʱȻס֡
ʯôͬȴҹ
ܴ־ֵĿ£ſ˫ۣӵס
ҺܿģǸҲᣬΪҲ
δȫ£ͷӡľ޴۵Ĺâų¡
Ѿһ׼ܲ͸Ļ˻УǹâصӲı֮ϡ󣬹âΧħ˱ᣬ̳һ
ȵǹâǿ͸֧ȾѪħ
Ǻ˵
û뵽ô裬Ӧ֮Ҫѿֱһ㽫εؽ
ȳһѪߵѪһһεĵļͷȾұĺɫ
϶Ĵ㣬ҺܿġΪڲͣҪҪǰĿǷˡ
Ϊҵ˗һΪ㵲˷ӡķɡ⣬Ҳǻһˡ
ԺһŬġϧһд۵Ĳ㣬ֲ㡣
ȵһ˶ĿǷ֮ɲԣҰ㣿
㣬Ұ㡣
䰮ʼһǵõ԰
̧ͷɫӵĿ
ɫǲҰף֮ԳЭħǱѪȾ죬ϹβҲһƬͨ졣
߰ħʱǱҿڴ֮ͥ£һҡβ󰮵Ȯܹ࣬һۡ


94 
ջûܵõĻش, һƬڰС
ôһ̳ҲˣħԨķӡʱƲ, ζħħԨط½ʱֽƳ١
ħǺ޲ýǧй, ǵǻ, Ҳס, Ҳֻ
ɽ˺ܳһʱ޵, ͗һ, һŵǵĿһĶ
ûǷɫҰףǻڲѪ鸴ӡ
һֱ֪ϧ
ԣȫ˺, 㵲ѡ
˵Ϊ, ĿǷ, Ҫֲ
Ϊ軡
ΪҲȫ塣
, ĿⶨѪȾĸɬָ꣬ն˶˵ǰ, Ϊǹ, ħڲȵħӿѪɽɽһϵ硣
ָ⣬Բ
ʱ٩, ˵ԼħŰͬǹôȴ룬Ŷùȥһܡ
Լ˴̡
ʹӣĮأ
ʼٸߴʱѵֻǸⶼû𣿡ҲĮħ㵲ǷӡķɣƾΪȻɥǺö˶˵ħԡǹĸ֣֪ôдô
Ǹί༥ָ߸ϵָң㲻䣡ħǽʮ꣬ʮ꣬ȴҲ֪ĸôдģ̵ָҵ£úý̽ν壡
ⱻµð춼˵
εėͨӵĴСվߺֺĵŮ˷ϻʲôΪħǾͲҶ㶯ˣˣֿȻϵȥ
Ƴһۣȥ
ûˣҡ
ǰһ˵ǹ鷳ãҪħ
ϵԱŲŲ
Ϊֻ֣ǡɾסֻ֡
ڻǰʶס֣ΪڻûʶҲǲ֪أǽڷ׵ͬʱۿɼģһƬ
ʱɫ޲һʹɫδ¶·ŵģһ㡣
ָ֮˼룬һеҩ齱ߵСϣȻ˵ħӺãΪΪأ˵ϰµʱ䣬ҲͲˡ
ôĴħͷҲΪӡɱԴˡȻôҲǰ׻ˡ
˵ģһ㷴ӦûУǗ˳˵̫ˣҾ֪˲ΪŮ£ȻѴ̡
Ҳûçúܵė軣˵ħ岢޴󰭣ȴǹ޴󰭡δ͸֧Ҳ֪ǹܳŵʱ
ģһñáص
һЦ±ĿԴǹܻů֮ʱ
ħԨĴů
ԡǹ˰ΪҽߣΪҽߣһϢķʽ̫ˡ
Ȼ֪µ˼Ҳֻ֪һ߰ĻشĿԴ
ⲻپ¶˵ָָСϵľУ˵ǹιħҩ
ҩƳɵҩ⻹ǵÿպֿɬҩ֭ն
ûлش𣬵ܾѾдϣⲻǿȥ죬ֻ˦
תתͷ䵭緶ħôǹλʦ֣Ҳֻܲˡ
ٿ̧ۿ⡣
ʦ֡ûܵô
֪ˡ
ŲˣִľУһѵҩ
һž͹ˡæ˵
ͷİĵҩһˤȻ顱һѺиȥͻأ͗軶һ
͗軶һۣʼ벻ףţʱ˾ȻƢ
ܿǾ֪Ϊʲôˡ
еĵҩսĴߣͼȥеҧûܽҩȥ䵽δɺԵѪȾָ⡣
졣ϡ
еΪʶƣʱԹԵأ
ҩȥ֮İϽָѪɾֵȥ
˹ȻĹԹԵĽҩȥ
ⲻŵ۾ʱԺֻͣһ뷨Ҫгһջתˣħᱻ۸ģ
ĿɿڴĿ⣬͵ʦ֡
ɫӵĵ˵ͷ
Ҳʱ洫˴æĽŲ˿첽߽˵ˣŮͬˣ
һۣһ˫ɫӲ磬˫۾˫Ŀ޷۽ȴĲڿ
ĿĮģɱǺ޲ýǧС
磡軾ϲ֮к
ʱǰ˵ݡ磬ħµ֮һ
˫ǻ磬עӣƺܽ޾Ԩ
˻ȥȻƵ˵ƭң
´δ˵ʦֱץˡ򶨵Ļش𣬶üŻûץûץ˵ʲô
ħԨĵλͣţһӦҲֻ⣬һ㲻¡
ش𣺡һħûС
ûѣϽߡ
Ŷ˫Ŀתһͷײſϡ
ޣ͗һĺˡ
軿תȥæżʵͷħദħô죿
ûᣬֻǱĿ㾶ֱȥ
ұ㣡軼ˣֻܷºݻȻŲæ׷뿪
˺ܾá
Σ鸮һöҩɺԵĵܵһ
ͷ˵֡
Źɵ˴ʱ޷Ӧˡ
̣¶̫Ὣѣֱˡ
룬΢΢սϣıϸ֡
Ȼ
ۡ
ˡ
ƮƮȴǧأѹɿ֡
ջ֣һȦԵĺۣһεûĿϣɻ˯ţ޺
ˡ
Ȼµġ
ջϵĿ⣬վƵߵ˰ڵĴߣżѲߵ
Ȼ뿪ǰĿ⣬˼
թ
´뿪ħµС


95 
ŲѪɽ, ͗軸Աߣ˵һħʶһС, ˱, ֮ҲƲˡ
֪, úܿ, ΪȻ, ץ, һŹ
̲סӻҪôΪħԨΪħܻ
ζһζ䵭Զ׼ɱȻܻԴ޴ĺ갡Ҳ֪, ǵСûУ
Ų΢΢ס, ɵʣѻˣ
šͷ, ĵĵͻˡ
ħޣһģ, ʳѡ
ʱ
Ѫɽɽ
£һѵ׾ٵıħһɽ·첽ɽ
ĽŲδͣЪ, ߶ʱȹƮҡ, ɫĻȡϺȻ䴫һŮޣͣס˽Ų
ѭ̧ȥ㿴˱ɺ޵ķŮ
ŮͲ, δǣԲԲۺᡣһ£ȣˡ
㣡㣡ңȥ
ޱĿſ޿Ů
㣬Ⱦȳճѽ
ɽϿһۣȻ첽ǰż㣬ڿֽϵĳճո˵ϡ
ճһĨ۽ǵ飬млл㣬Ҫ㣬ճվҪϹҹˡ
ΪʲôҪʱǲżɽˣѯʵ
ճ̯װ׵ģżСָСĺӣҰӿɺóңԡ
ճڴĿ̧֣һźӣճЦˣʣµĺι
Ҳԡ۵֭ˮݼ翪СϴϲЦ
Ե㣬Ҳָŵĺι̾͸оۡ
ճЦʣó𣿡
𡣡ͷ
Ҹѽճոпܹϳճտ̫ˣΪÿһڳճµǰ۵ģ
Ŀ޲˵ô
ȥժһѰɡϣÿһϵģԣһҪ󡣡
ӻһǹݸ˳ճգ˵Ұ𡣡
ճսŽɵĽӹСĴлл㣬ҲܷŹŶ
ǰ޺ŮȻ̧һ˫֪ʱþ޴צӣȥ
Ԥϣܿճմ
Ҳ֪ǳճ̫أ˲ûã㱻ճһצԴ̱˵ϡ
ճޱֲһצӡ
ŽĿȫǵŮˣĿ͸һĨħʹˣ۾Ҳˣһֻôĺ
ֳԭΣ׾ٵɱǰŮˡ
ճãֲǿǱ㶪ҰӽȻͬӡ
ͦóԡ
ճǰմϻû۵ǹ㷢˲Ծĵط
ΪʲôûѪ
ճպɵĿȻһ£ȴűߵˣһĻƷ
ճնʱ׹Ǳˣˡ
ܴ裡
ҧɲǼԭΣ꣡ˣ
ëͷ״棬ĿҸ£צȫȻûγճյĽοˡ
ʱ˺ݣɽȥһ쫷硣
κֱײ޹ϵǽŶ꣬˵ֻ뽣Ʃ/һĹҲѧġѧղҲֻܽˡ
ѳѪɽʱܵ˻Ʒ𣬱֪/ʶˣʶҲûϵѾѪɽָ
ûħֻҪغϵûʲô⡣
ŭѼԹħĽֵǵܵħ׷˱ܣڽֽǣһֻѩ׵ġСɵĺ̵ⲽۿܿŭ
ӰƴССȴһԳŽɫ·֮ͫ⣬ȫ¶ѩһİɫעĿģѩ׵Ĵβͣ߶ҡҷƯò˼顣
Ѿ·ħĿֻСˡħԨľβϡ٣οһֻѩ׵ľβνδš
ûȥЩ̽Ŀ⣬ɵԽСʱͣһªСԺǰ
ŵʦ־
̧ǰ֫žડһ½ƿһС϶Ȼ˽ȥ
СԺǼª󲻳ʦֲڴ˻Ǹʲôģܿ죬㿴ĺ
ĺվڷſڣü
ǰ˼ʦ֡
ĺűӣǴ˺ü磬ȷʣС壿
ҷʱ㿴ħĴѰѾȫˡʦ֣㲻뿪ħԨķ뿪
ĺʣ뿪ˣ
ﲻȥˡΪ´ˣʲô¡
ҲáڴˣΪ˵ȴʦһ뿪
ĺ̲ס˵ܻܲΣ
Сһ˿ѿһźĺҲʲôĺ׷ʣæ˵ߡ
ŶԶ㡣
Ȼ͸ĺȥķܣ뿪þĵģҲ㲻ûĴѰħ
ģĺŲܵС壬ô£
ˣܲ졣
ĺ̾һֲ㵱ԸȾȻ̳Ҳѹˣܵô

һͫȻһԾͲĺļͷѩ׵Ĵβɨǵĺ˺ü硣
ߣȻħ׷ˡ
ĺűӣûȥһ߸·һ˵żȻ֪ħԨһܵδӡǣ룬ҪŵҲֻڵܵдתѰ򡣡
Ҫ𣿡ʡ
šĺ̲סĲȥ𣿡
Ҳ
ܿ죬Ǳ㵽Ǳļ̳ߣƹ޴ļ̳ĺ̲ܵסһü
ƺﲻԾ
ҲܵˣΪʲôڻĲ
˵ز˾ǵ뿪
ץסͷѣ˵ƴһѣ۷ȥҲֻǱħ׷ܡ
á
ĺͷС걧Ȼ㳯ܵȥԽڣĺһ̧һɢŽĴűǰ
貵ĽɫƬڰĿռ䡣
ڽߣļ́ųŴſ첽ȥһŰħٿĳĺ⧲ڴԱӲʯ֮ϡ
һ̤ҵĽ⻺һ£˫ĿѪ죬ֲ԰׵ħƣ⼫ȲЭɫ˶ɲ֮С
ʣʦ֣ҪҵĽ㣬ȥģ
ĺƴСĺģţС岻
ҡ֣ƽɡ
ĺȻ
Ŀ⽥ΣգһΣŬ᣺㣬ԼȻұҪɱˡ
Ǹƺķӣ˵óڣһõ
ֻĺ
̶ǰС֡
վûж˵ʦ뿪
ƮƮĶ˶ָ⣬ǽĺ㻯ɻҡ
ʦ֣ߡ
ĺվûжĬĿдʱ룬ǴʦڣȻᱻ⡣
ûȥĺСĽֻƴССתߡ
ĺ뿪ͣ
ƺϲЦƴħԨʦڴħĻ죬ֶ仢£Ϊʦʲô


96 
ڻ, ֻܿصħԼħԵεĶ߲
Ϊʧãϵħȥ, Ҳָɫʡ
ƽеλãЦ޾᣺ÿɰ
һֻ, 䵽ͷ, ᲻صࡣ
ȥͷ, ʮֲڵ˵
ûжί˵δܼʱϵҪ뿪ˡҺģ, ߡ
, ӦңԺҪƤˡͷִƣѩĲϣĸš
Щըë, ȴ׾ٵİס, á
˵㣬˵, һӦ, ֪, ȥˡ
ͷŤȥ, һҧ, ̼ͼѪ
ҧ
˸ӣɿ죬˳ë׵ļ», ߬סһƯβ͡
̻Ӳ
лһĨЦ⣬ŵ㣬ҿǷ㣬㣬㣬˳㡣ҵĵߣ㲻뿪ңǲҵĵߣҲǡİ
һ㣬Ҳһ㣬ǶҪԱ˴𣿡
̱ģû˵
΢΢߬βͣˣ͸һӦ㡣
⧲βʹʹĺ߳βֻͣܵˡβͣ
ãǸƯĴβͣʹû
βǼΪеĲλֻڣҲβ͡

ȥ
ë׵С֣꣬ҲҪ뿪㡣
ҾͲ䡣
룺ҲУҴҲ㡣Ҵȥ
Ҳȥ
ȥ
ʱ޶ոúȵҩǺںҩ֭һθ
Ȼֱץˣֻܼ˱Ķҩ֭ˡ
Ϊĺ˵ҩ֭Ѫľ˵˵Ǻ˳Ȼ
˳ˣҲˡ
ʱ޺֮ǵ뿪ħԨߺң
̴úܾڣҩʮ**Ҳ⣬ԺҲˡ
û㣬ûһˡ㣬һΪһΣգû˿˺㣬Լ

ӦֳĶͦģѾͱǰʼٸ⣬ȻҲӲ
ȥҪΪʦ
룬ſſſı䱻ȥ㿴˴йһˡ
Ϸ£ɢ̧̧ۣöڳİǶŵһֻͷͷۿնЩˡ
Ӷı۾
עһֱϣĶ̧̧֣סֻͷĿ˴ϡ
ΪҪ㣿ֱֱĿ⣬ڱ䡣
ñֱɫƽ¶⣬ڵҲֻǲ֮ӦѪľ
ճһ£ĻֱӴӵϵħҵ¶˱ȥģò绨Ҳ֣˵Ҳȥ˿ҵĿΪ
ˡ
ճƲƲ죬Ȼ󱻻Ź¡
ķʱŵѣΪıǱһŮӳôʲ˵ңңһݣ縺ħԨδǱһŮӵϲŭסҸǧ֮ãϲܿɫǻȴԹۣԣ
ߣ᲻ɴݡһһˣΪħԨ
½㣬ҶҪĸë׵ͷĿʧ⣬ʶǧ֪꣬ҵĵںδҵĵߣΪҺõ£δ̫ã
˵ҸãһǷɫǻ衣ٿվڷŭħԨãƳӡһΪӡˡȥһҪľ
˵úеЩԼ֪֪޲ɱ
أɸ֮¡
û˿˺Լ⣬һ㡣
ֻĮı
޾ɵſĴϣĿգһ³ͫ
ô
ԺãҲɱɽӲݴȥһƬħ𰻨
Ϊҽߣȥ
ָúڳķ֣Ƶ죺Լħȥ
ԼһĨв
ȥ
ճһ߿˺ܾãڸ㶮Ĳħֻ֮ǰĺꡣ̿Ͱ͵ĳգ۾ӹȥ
󣬻类ȥ޼̳ճձʳһ¡ڴʼնϹµė軣󷴵ӹһ١
ɢȥ֮󣬴ҲŴħĴСħʲ׹ħĺ꾿жôħӡ

վҪ޵ѿֱۣվǰ
㣬ôˣ
ΪãΪʲôܣ
ǲΪҺáĴΪҲֻͬһԸ
̧ë׵ԴŶǰһһ˵ԭ׵İȻˣʩˣô
һ
ܿ췴Ӧ˵ģΪΪΪ˰磬ʱĵ˵Ϊá
ʵϣȴȫ˽ġ
Ĭ
ΪܵڵֲӻоѣˣΪⷬɫֻѿ
Σµֽ̧̧޵
ħҽΪӣħҽ쿴һϢɡŵϣȱ
У˵ȳȥ
Ƣˡȥץ㲻䣬Ұ
ɴ۾ң
ǸΪ룬Ҳõҩһ֣һɫ֡
գۼ䣬ë׵Сʧµǹ˱ŭɫŮˣȥ
¶ϣֻһعĲԼǺ
ôˣûӦ溰
ŵı»¶ļҪ̷Ӧһֱ㽫ŹϣЩеǸս˵ıӡ
ܿת˵ǸҲ·
ȥ
첽ߣûüһ۷Ȼֱֱĳ˹
ҡ
Խߵ¹ԣһĺ£ŵ˴ߣ۽䱸һʱúЦ
ֲû֮ǰˣҰġ
˵ʲô˵
˵ģԸˣһ㸺𡣡
ץͷ㳯˹ȥվӣͷϣȻ˵ϡ
ͷŻȥת޵
ѣһĺѣȹڼϣѵѪ
ȹЩ죬ʱ벻޵ſںЩꡣ
ߵħ𰻨ҡҷɢʱζЩ壬ߵ˴ߣƿȴ
΢ĿƽЩ
ǰ㡣
ʱǡɺŶ룬㿴ƺҪ·ɫ˼䣬ߵ߬ס
˵ˣ׼뿪𣿡
ֻĪһ£û𷢷֡
šЩҲŤˣô죿
ǽŵһλħҽҲ˽۾ϣԡ
Ըġ˵
лá
ĺĬΪ
ҩͳҲûȶãȥˣͣҩͣüʱûд󰭡ĺ˵¶һ£һֱǾ仰ȥ
Ŀڵ˵ҩ޴С⣬ҩĽ֮⣬ûдˡ
ĺſڸˣȥ
ĺվлҪС˵
Ҳͷ
Ͳãȥ
ĺǿ
Ҳȥ
ƫͷɫ˵ˣ׼ܡ㣬ΪʲôҪܣ
˵ҵ˵ȥ𣿡
Ҷǧ˳ǰᣬ㲻׼뿪ҡ˵ʲôģ㾿ô
˵Ļţ༰˯Ѩ
ϣΪҴñǣ۾ѹֵķ񣺡ΪʲôҪءˣҸô찡
綼ǺڰģֻΨһĹ

һƬڰѿѪ¹â޵һƬѪɫ֮С
˶˯˵ӣ齣˲Ծĵط
̧֣˫϶ƮƮġĺ˫ˡǽϣж
˶컬䣬ȹڼĺ£ѵϡ
ʲŷӦΪʲô죬Ϊ
ԣ
⴫ƮƮĽŲŰµ˻˽԰׵Ѫ¸Ѫɫұа
ʶ̧֣ԼĲ
£Цݹ棺ãԹԵﰡ
ᵽŨŨľûҲѬȥ
֣Ĳϡ
ӲеĳԺݡ
Ƶ΢㡭
ȥòã
˵仰
ħͷĻȻһ仰š֮ǰͣڻ̲סҪ
ģȴĴգ¡
ʱΡ


97 
һ, ֻΪԤ֪Σԣûס, Ǳеʱµġ
, ѵΪǻѪ, ڵķѪҲ, Բ
ܽجΣҲ̫һЩ
ԣ
ʲô
ʲôΣ
Ӧһ̫ľƣʶ, ŷӦҲٶۡ
, ڶһα˴ֻһΣûȥ, ǽʵʵˤһӡ
ޱ飺ã
λƵ, Ͱ͵ĺ㡣
ҽ⿪֡
֣һڡ
Ƶ뽫, һѹס˫֣ҵġ
, һԲĿ
ƵǸоĲãͷɥĽĺСĽ⿪
⿪ʱ, Сķ, Ȼ㿴ϵĺ, ۾̳ȥô£
һۣǰӲ߬ģΪûпȥ, Ѿ࣬Ƥףʮء
ûĹ
֣˵ȥ
ϴԱ߲ôˣΪʲôִ˲ƣĶҲ˵ȥǹֲ
㲻˵ʲôҵô
Ҫ뿪Ҫ뿪
ɫ䣺ᡣ
ֽϲϲʸûСңҲֻˡ
˵ǰ׷ѿࡣҲǰѾˣ˵Ļ̹ǣħ˻ġöҲһٴ
Ĭ
ţȻߣǾߣδֱȥҪߡ
Ҳ㡣Ҫߣ͹ȥ
˫סԼ˵Ϳˣ㣬˵˵ɣҪ̵ģƽ͵˵Һþöûܺƽ͵˵˵ˡ
ޱĿ
á
òӦڻԼϵַܵΪʲô
Ϊʲôô̡
ҰĶˣ㻹Σ
˻ӦشΪ棺ĶˣĶǺڵģҲϡҪҵ֡
ϰߺĻ±ı̵ǧٿסѪ죬µ˵ԻҶԽĿǷû塭ԽŲϲҰɡ
ۿ
룬Ҹôֲ㡭ţ۾һ֮ǰˤһΣ㣬ҲˤһΣһˡ
ȲӦԼˤԼ㣬ǷģҶỹ㡣
Ȼ㿴Էһͷ´ȥµһĵ̺Ƿ˺ôĶ
ƺҲԼˤˣڵϰ춼ûع
ڿȥˣץ齱Сϵˮһˮϡ
Ϸ볪ʲôʱ򣿡´ʪĵ̺ϣӸµĿⱰ΢ģ˭ңһ˷¶ĳɼǧĴħͷܲһ㣿
ڷ¶֮ǰӦ뵽֣˺Ѿʲôֲʲô޷ֲΪȫ壬ֻĥңĥԼˣ
ڵϣһˮ΢֪٣ۣãȻ޴ĿǰŮӡ
ŵ˵ϲң޷ΪΪΪ㵲˗軣ʵϣҵʱֻǲ뗃ȥΪΪ㵲軣ֻԣҵϲÿЦף
ǡ૵ǡ
Ĵӵּᶨ˵Һϲ㣬ϲ㡭ʮꡣ
ƽʱ裬ֻ̰¼ĵеķֺů
ûЗ軣Ҳϲ㡣
׵̫ˡһۡ
Ȼ˵ģֱ˵ŹңǷŹԼ
㲻֪жôƳĵĹ¼УҲֻһ㡣
ԣԲ뿪
֪һƫִַˣʱҲֻʣ
ȻִԲôҲֲľˡң顣
֪УǸôˡҲûʲô˵ģվ˶ϣǲǿִ̫ľ档
вʵʵϣߴˣŬһЩٺһЩгһգһԸأ
һеǰᣬߡ
ߣΪףһߣعôʲôᶼûˡ
˵鲻ǿ󣬵ǿ޿
˼Ժ߽
ϻմžӨˮ飬һڵʪģ޺ˣ˵㣬ȥ
ȥ
һ뿪ġ
˻ȥ
ߣûһ£ǰĽűߣƣ˫
ƱĽŽŻҪپʣʶһůԽŵ
Ц²ŵ⣺֪ԺůůţҶġůˡ

ûҶ
΢һʱҲû˵ȵһ飬ƽЩʹվ
鸮һҩ̧࣬˵һһĽҩĨȥ
ڲϷ¶һƬƤԼһ첼ҰŵĿӡ
һ٣
֣üĮ
ôŪģָɵĽ⿪ֱϵǿѾѪ͸ĲѪģɷֱԼĿӡ
ĵĵĨݱˣ죬ݱͲĿˡ
ҵĶǽġֱۣ˵ҪҲԼ
ҲҪ
û˵ĬŸֱ۵˿ڣʣ𣿡
ҡͷ
֮ڽռ뿪֮ǰͣڵſڣ䣺㣬ҽɣҲϣ
ħط˼䣬ħɹ档

ڵڶ糿ĺģˣʼһ仰û˵
ĺΣֻõһˣصΪˡ
Ҳϡ
СʦһӲĺδϣˣ̲סʣħʲô
üͷ΢΢ʵļһֱҲߣʦˣԥһ£˵ˡ
뿪Ҳͷͦģ˵˺ܶ಻ĻյƤ񣬾͵ûܵҵų⣬ܶʱ˵ҵ˵ģܹµ˵ԻӷҲֻۡεĹϵۡ
ĺƮƮʣϲô
ϲϲѾҪˣܿ죬Ҿͻ᳹׺ûϵˡԼࣺʦ֣ҡҪǰ
ϣһжԹҲɢʱŹ··ħĺ꣬޽


98 
ⱻȥ֮, ĺܹѡͣħԨ˵ҲǺһ׮ζһʼļƻ˳ʵʩ
ִԲ£Ψݲܳװ
ĺ˵ƻ, šüС壬мȥڣ
գһ۾, ֪òøʦܡʦֶ֪ء
Ǿβ, ҲһЩйھβĴ, ѵһβһ
ĺڴĿ˵ͷΪѵĿ޵ʦֺôŶ
ĺŵҲԣ㱻, ҲһΡ, Ӧֻаβͣϴο㰫оβ𣿡

ʱûĻ죺ʦ֣۾ٳһֻˣ
ĺ
Ͻߡʼˣһ, Ҫˡ
ĺ, 䲻˵㣬ǲϲ, 㻹ûҡ
Ȼ֮ǰĹкø, ڣԼ֪ʲôˡ
ݵļᶨơ
, 𣺡ϲ
ĺõ˴𰸺, ̧ܿ뿪
Լҩ, ¶ѡõҩ
ֻǿҪ, ĺڷĵĽҩ֭Ƴɵҩ
ĵȴʦֵϢһգʱصıһ
Ȥſڴߴħ𰻨վߣ˵ţصش˸˼Сơ
ɢĿһۣѰһһ䣺Ҳŷİ
ϰߣµĽĶóźںĶ̲סȤ
Ǻáö䣬ֻӻϵСš
ȥӹñڻ
ë׵ĺȫǺɫģ۾ڵɫʣ鳤ëĺ̿
ϲɵһȻͼ̸Ҫȡ𣿡
ӣȡ
ǽˡ
룺Сˡ
߰ˣԶǽŵСͼˡ
۾ҲգľͿ䣺ȡֱ׶
ԺҪǺͽкˣһýȡ֡ˣк̫鷳ֻҪ㡣
֪Ѿ쿪زС˷СӾĵ̯ϵա
С˲һŻعʣ㣬ҪҪȥߣ
Ҫ
Ƚ
ħὣô
õ
Ӧʡ
̤޵޵ǺôһƬյأ㹻Ƚ
δõĻݱҲ鸮ĵһѳ䵶һɫħԼɼ׷
ʽ
˶Ȼܲ㲻
ͷ
Ҳûзϻݱ˹ȥ
˶ڽͣأӯʽ˾ǲ¡
һһ׵Ӱ֯Գɱ
ƵýڽڰˣһϣȻеĵ
һЬӡͻأҲûϣͿ䡣
űߵ䵶ߵǰһסʲĮ˭ˣˡ

˼⡣
Ӯ˻𣿡
㲻ңң
͵ûԱߡ
Ӳ̲Ĺ˼죬ĺȥʻ
ϣԭǶͷͷȴֻͷ۾Ժ챦ʯ죬鶯ƵĴΨһɫʡ
ĺΣɾԽԽͻأ
ĺ˼㵽вУԽ˯ɫҲԽԽѿҽεģ
ΪϴСħԨͷһ⣬δܵ˴ѣǻ٢ҲԵĺ⽫˵úء
ţǰ컹ȽôôˣʣҼǵ֮ǰ˵ûд󰭡
ʱʱʱʱСᣬôܵúãĺֱ˵ħջȥС壬ǵģʱҩʯãҲΪ㡣
Σ
벻ǣħжۡħ˭СἫ㣿
ΣֻβãҪ
ݻų󣬿սҲǰϹƣϾʧȥһˡ
ĺʱ޵ÿζܿվڼԶĵطŴ
һħ𰻨һֻСӣżҲӰ
ĺҲһʼޱ飬֮ġ˵ĴħͷôܰԼŪô΢ֿأ
ĺһˣСԽãΪħԨĻʺˡǲ뿪
뷨ͬĺܹƫִɣ֮䣬Ҳԡлᡣ
ִĬԴ
룬һȣٵһȣûкת
ĺ㲻ٶ˵ϾֻǸˡ
֮һ֣˭˵׼أ

ۿ£ѵʱڼ٣ҲٴȴӰˡ
˻⣬ȥҽĺͨˣͲ뿪Ȼʩȡ
졣
ճ˿տյħ
Ͱ͵ĿħȻһ»ûǽ˽ĳϦͻǳԲҽԲʳ𣿡
ȻȻѾϦˣһꡣ
һ꣬ôأ
ǣǺһġ
ܶûټˣ죬һ棬һ档
ԲϧһдҪǿߣǰһΣѵٿһ
롣
뿪ǡ
׷ġ
֪Լ̫ˡ
ʱڴĿĳճգԣҪҰ¶
˵
³֣̻
ٿһγϦ̻ҲǶĸ
ħԨû̻
㷹Ҳˡ
ճգҸ̻
ܿ죬ͷѪɢ˶ĿĹһ׵ѣʱգ̤ҩζ޵
Ľ˯ϣССһ͹𣬿ֿĶһ
ΪִԲ򡭡
첽ǰ齱ߣס֣ҪůһЩ
ǹͶԼȥߣصؼӴҩʱ䣬ܿ״̬
û뵽ǰȻ
ΪԴԴϵ۾˶ɬĴùһԵˮݵߡ
һˮûˡ
һĻʶ
һħԨҲչģʶľȴ˿޲
㣬һ𣿡
ͷû˵


99 
, ˺ĺɫ멣ܲ͸ĹסȻѪɽɽҹ, һְ
ΪɽԶһѪ, ·ֿɼ
ûʲô, ͷ, ˶̲ס̧֣Զ
סַŻشУԼȴûó, ǼԴԴϵĸ
л, Ҵȥۣ̲ס˵ħԨһжҵģҲǡҪҾժ͸㡣
ЩɳƣҲҪ
Ķ, һҲҪ
Ҫ𣿡ʵȻ㲻ʲô, ħԨȴǵľΪħͺ, , ұ㲻ǻˡ
ţβ˵˼, ͬ, ô
ûлش, ΪйǰµЩѾ˵ܶΣû˵ıҪˡǺǰ, Զ޷Խǵ
Ҹ㽲£ҡ˵ħԨ֮ǰħԨħԨħԨҲûȺħ
ǧǰΪˡħӵиԵ壬ల¡Ͼñط֣һ½ϣעֻܴһ塣
ìܱԵ˳ˡ
ʱ½棬࣬ǿһΣӮú
ܿܣԹˡ
ǽϽ˴½Ĳë֮أħ˴½ݺڰԨ֮С
ûħĴ½Ȼһ¡
㣬ͬ࣬ﷴſģԽһħ֪ΪʲôΪħ޲֮𣿡
һۣǾ仰ţ֪Աɣ㻹ַʽң
ֽ˽͵ͣʱˣܾûطȥҽ㣬ϲҡڿˡ
һۣı仯Ҫ֪ǰʡֱ׳ڣҲ֪Ǵʲôʱʼڤ粻˸ı䣬ѧϴѧˡء
Խӡ
ûȵڣ˵˷ŵĻ⣺ΪȺħУȴѡħħˣħ
ħǱħԨ֮󣬴½֮ˣֻͶ·֮׹ħᱻǷħԨ
ȺУˡ
ԣö֮ħԨһ֮أĴ󲿷ħǱ½ħ
ǲħֺγǲͬ飿ħζų裬ǶħűħԨħվ
һط֪ʱħԨжôҡÿһգﶼɱѪʬ壬֮ǰħ֮սй֮޲
ûмħ֮սʱ߹˼̲סʣôģ
΢΢̣Щ뱻޵ĵ⣺ˡ
Ȼ֮ǰ޺˵Ļ˵ûħûħԨ
ħħԨǿֹͣ˴˴Ѫɱ¾˾Ȼ񼫵ħȴħľ
֪³˯꣬ʱܰħ˵ǡ鷳Ķ󣬶𾴡
˵ʱħԨϡ̻Ѫ
ףص˵¹ҵȵʵʱһ߽ġȻ֪˵һ㡣
ǸҲŲ֪
̵Ĵ΢΢ѹѹ˵һЩΪҹĴ˲֪١
ԸһȻǽңڶҪһ𣿡
³ĸ֣ط½
϶űѪɫֵħԨ˼ᶨһǣط½ǵһϯ֮أȻǸֻġ
ҰĲֹڴˣҪģ½ʱںδµÿһض
ʱԶս
иЦ⣬ʣ㣬㻹ǵȥϦҹ𣿡
š̲סһ˺
ȥ̻̫ªˣ꣬ͽһʢĻ
£ԶѪɫգը˸ɫ̻𣬵ɫڵģҵģģī̵ģְɫĹâ֯Ѫɫϣôô졣


һʱ˵ǱԶˡ
ֻܸɰͰ͵ĵǸ̻ÿ
ʲôõǸģЩΣҪ۸ɵˡ˵ܺÿ
̫ˣ㵵תͷ
ͷĹâ֯۾˻Σ·𿴼һǰĳϦҹˡ
漣أǵʱģȻһʱ䷢£ɰȻʱЦ·ìܴδһ㡣
ʱİӣŻ˵ʦ㣬֡
գգ۾֪Ϊʱ

Ȼһ
š
԰׵¶һĨЦݣ룬Ҫˣ֡
յħԨһͬһ֡
תͷȥħԨһδЦ춼û˵
̧֣˵꣬Ҹ㿴̻ɣȻҵ
иһһźɫ֮ʱըһƬɫΪĿ
̻
Ц̲סһ㡣
š
㡣
̧΢΢һ١
ʧһζȻס֣˵ģˡ
Ҳظˡ֧ŵڣȫһֱڸ֧ʶɢ
ûϵˣ̫õɫͬ԰ס
ѿ֣ס̧ö۽ǵĺ졣
Ǹ˵̫֣㣬ҷߣסҪ
ˡ
ԡ
ŵڣǼޡ
֪ҺܿϧĵϧΪħϧǸˡҲϲˡ
һֱ֪ûѡ
ĴĶͷĲ˲䣺Ҵȥĺȥ⡣
šץס֣ҵ˵ǽǿʼµĿʼ
㲻رΪħԸ
Ǻ¡
˱ŭ˵˵㣬û㣬Ҿʲôûˡ
ڰӵ˹
ΪħƵջ̣һ棬ıŭ
˵ʵƭ㡣
Ұûˡ
֪˵ǵǽŻ¡
ϣ㷽ȴû顣
յļ΢㶼䣬һ
ʶĵͷǿӣĴ
һˣ
ҲȫôҪĳϲ
յļڴ˿̺Ȼ
Ϊʲôƫƫôٲ
һʼǵãһʼǵá
еɬĿסϸ֫ǡ
һΣȫǵá
Ŭģ̹ĵġ
ѪҲܵŮӵ˳ӣԴ֮ĵĹ¼Ψһο
ҧҧ⣬ĴգȻӵ뻳С
գգ۾ʲôۿеȾŵ

㲻ûˡ
Դ֮ҵĶԹһʹˡ㣬޾𡣡
һеĶԹҲɢʧȥһ
Ŷӵá
ʧȥһΡ
һΪһΪΪһˡ
治䡣
˱΢̰ģʳֻʲô

һοᣬֻһΣԶԶƮں棬ûǰ
ΪޣǾʬƴĵǸҪƵĳù
Ѫ¹â֮ʱĺѪɽѪۡ
ϴηΣ㶼ܰһΣΪʲôԣ˻ƵȫǾ
ĺֻ˵Сңǽš
֡
˽š
뿴ħԨô
૵Աʬ岻һֱߵġһ취ڤ磬ҵĻǡ
㾿û꣡ĺϢ̲סŭ㺦ûʬ׶ŹҪĿô
ʱ뿪ΪطգѾˣΨһģҲֻʬס֮⣬ʲôûС
˽ţֱԶǿһֻķ˳Ѫɽ⻮ǿӲľ
ĺ۾һʦ𣡡
ԥ̧׷ȥ
һգͬҲû룬㻯һɫĲӰ׷϶ѡ
ڻļ̳ס˶ѣһƬѹѹħ
ſұ뿪
ķ˻ȻĶѱѾסҡ
ԡ
δ䣬Ѵĺһ̳֮ͬϵ쫷Уһɫ֯Ű׹Ĵ
ѸٵĴ뿪һҧ׷ȥ
ħ׷˵ȴֹ˼
ǿ̳ϷϷ˾޴һӰŷӰ£ػ䣬ڲƵļ̳֮ϡ
ͽѱصħԨò´飡
Ũصĺɢȥħǿǵħϥݵĵϣơ
ܿ죬վٷȥ֮ǰϺķ̫ʱݽߣȴǿжǣˡ
㣬˻ƶѪǲˡ
³һʺѪֻǰ̮ݣֻʣ޾ĺɫ
ʲôûˡ
͸ͣפߣڰемģɵϲã֪ˡ
ɣ


100 
Ŵϣȥ, ֻʣ˺ڰ
޴ı֮£壬קһƬԨ֮, Ŀȥ˰, Ȫ
, ʶľԼڤ, һϲǰȥʼƴѰĨִħӰ
ܵı˰ôۣ·Ѫȶ, , ʧ˷̫ãԽģںڰ
֪ʱ, оʲôë׵С, Ĳġ
ͷȥģпһĨƯİɫ
ǽ
ɫë׻һϸӰ, ץס, һ·Խɫı˰
·ǰȥ, , ³ǰ, ץֵϸӰһּٶȳĨȥ
ܰܣҪȥ׷ԽԽԶϸӰ, ڼ׷ʱһĨĿİ׹ٿ۾
ߵħ𰻨ҡҷķˣİɫ̺ů¹ڵĹżԼɼƯĳȹ
ǽ޵
ԣ޵
ֻδϢ
ڡڣˡ
˯ֱߵëףϣĿȥûп˼İ׺꣬һֻڲӡ
Сˡ
صı۾Ҳǵ۾ϣǰ±һƬڰ
ˡ
ʲôû¡
ҲǴһˡ
ãų߬ű죬·ϻ¶ȡ
޵ſڴĿ´۾˽ȥ
ǧΪҲڣ£ƿ
Σֻ˵δˣݽߣΪˣĲҪˡ
ڵױ̨ϣһĿһ첽˹ȥ
׷˵ħԼģħԨģǻط½㡪
⻰˵ȥˡ
ǵħױ̨ϵһһɵķ
ܲǵǣЩֵǮʱħԨһģС
δôùȥˣȻǣȴԶ뿪֮󣬱ħԨ
ԭ
һǧٿ׵ġ
ЦϵħЦŤһѪɫｻ֯Ÿָӵɫʣš
Сƺᵽǰ˵ζıյױ̨ϴ
ߺţǰڱŲǶʱ䣬ʱڿߵĵط

ϵСë׵ĲϣһƯĺ󣬰ŵ˵ϡ
С˱ıܿʣһʣµǸ
⿴δʧǵħ·һ㡣ǰ˷ӡҲֻǴݲȵķֳһƶڡ
ɫˣ
ŮѾ뿪

ٶȣҪ죬һߵ壬һߴħԨ
ĵ֮ħԨķӡһηӡƵʱһŹһһξԲٳˡ
ΪˣɳµޣЩǧǰϾħԨĴļλѾħŴܸ˳
ħԨĵ֮һ
֮ˣܿ㽫Ϊɱش½ĵ
Щ˱ȻѾ˷ӡɶֻǾۼ˲ٵŵӣ޸ӡ
ǾͿ޵ÿ죬ǻٵÿ죡
ȵӡǳϼɽɱЩ޴˽࣡
½ǣ
ħҰɱ¾Ѫֱͣ׶
շӡǿʼսɶԸǼٶȣħӲͣΪһһ
ڼΪҽߵЦݲ̣ϣٽ£ǸȤô
ûħλħ߰ĮŪġ
ʱûħ֪Ұģںδ
ڴߣҡҷħ𰻨ҽ½ħ£Ϊħ𰻨
ĳŵ
δ¹
뿪Ѿࡣ
ʱճõţȻ˽˵ħҵˡڴ½ϵķȻֱˣҲˡ
ɳɪȥѰ飬ΪĲɪɪΥ˴½ϡ
ǶʱΪһֱûܹѴտʼɻôȻ뵽ɪͻȻʡ
ɪ˶ѣǶԶδˣֻħԨħһҶһɪöѴħԨ
Ƥ˹ҵ߳ǽͷ궪
ɱôճ˵ţ̽ʣҪҰ˰ɣҿԽöڡ
ʳһꡣ
ħ
ꡣ
ճˡ
޵ײ⣬ʣǷʲô¶ħô
ħڱ⵽һϮ֤ʵɪֽšҡ˶٣˵ǰħ֮սħΪڼĻʹʲôˣδҹƺɪһġ
Ϊʲôɪճߵ˵ˣˣ
һöӰˡ⿴ճգζ˵
˵ҲǡճЦȻȥɪ
ɪѺԼĵ߳ǣճչȥʱäĲäĻȴһ˽ɪ꣬Ҳ綪
ճղʣôɱ
·軸ħҾ˳ְˡȥѰһλŴܡ
á
һֻɫĺͣڲԶħ𰻨ϣҡ˱ڳճպͻʱߡ
ճȥҧǺȴ˸գҰһ죬̾ħҪҽʳ̫꣬
类ճǣţѵħԨӡˣȥ飬Ͼϵ̻Ǽˡ
ã

ݣǡ
Ȼ뿪ʱЩãʵҲûʲô󰭣ڶѵİ£¹λ
֮һ˴ȬΪľȻʣΪŸһ¥
ûüģͱѸѵһ٣ǲ֮Ҳɲô㣬Ϊʦ뿪ʱΪʲôûеһʱ壿֪֪жô̫Զɵ˺ǲֲģ
ʵҲûͣ߶ãԶûж˵ôأʦǰԾ̵ͷϴʦ´βˡ
´Σ
ĳʻһ·Ŀڣû´ΣҲˡ
Ȼĳĺʹɫ
ĺ͵û
ѵ߶üʱϢģ֪ʦܻӡ
ʦҪһͬôȵͣˮĿյæʵ
ˡĿ򼫱ɽҪ￴ħԨķӡȺħ˷ӡұϣһɱһ
Ĺ𣿡
ΪˣҲ͸֧ĺ
ħվڴ½ϵǿߣ¶ѲϣҲòϣΪʤһħĿǣĴ¹˭δ֪
ѲͽܵģȻ
Ĵ滳ɣûü˵һֱĬĺ̲סڣС壬ϽߣȻѾǰͲҪٳ֡
ȻǷ辢ĺĵûεĹ⾰
ϻһĨڣˣҲٳǰˡ
İ˳ӣʵѹֳأɡ


101 
, ĺͣ˱ǣҲ̤˻֮·
ΪħԨӡɶĹϵŵĴҲ, Ƕ˼ݣԣһ·˲ס
ĶĴʦ緶̧ͷͦص߹ȥͲס״
ЩĶⱻ, Ǻʦ㣬Ǻ
ʲôɫİ
ʦмβͰ
ܡһ𣿡
ʵ
ޱ飺
һ㶼, ס
ˡ
ڳǵʱ, ˼Žư۵ĵ, ֻ֪ǽŵĵ, ȴ֪˭
Щԥһ£׷˸к
Ȼޱ, ¶õĹ⣬ŵľʯҲء
ʦûƭ
Ļ, ֻϴα׷ϣһΪ·ͻȻҲѡ
˶Ķ, ʵûôء
ʱƫͲʱ˵뵽ħ
ʲôʱǲħĳɼء
Ȼǲܵġ
ħħֺγˣ
ͷ, Լ, ħһж޹, ߲Ĺޡ
ٺ˼룬һ·Уʱ, ڳɽɽͣ¡
ɱôˣһָͷóоͰ
ҲǾʶˣԴôҲȥ²ǡԱ֮
˳ɽСʿǾֿ־Уһ߿ķţõ徻µķ䣬̼Ϊ֮²ǿ
۾㿴Į

һĴȱߣ̴ľƵĴ齣ôţ
𣿡
أôҲγݱĵİţ˳¡
Ťһ¡
һתɱˣѱ˵߻ħ𣿡
Ӳдõö֮
Ϊ˼䣬δκζ£Щˣͬ˼䣬ȴظ֮ͼĹɱ޹ȥɱˣĵô
Ƥһ˵ãɫ˼䣬ŷ֪޹
Ҳ޹ô
˵ˣֱ׳ĵҪǿ˫ޣԪⲻǺ𣿡
û뵽ܴϢǸҪĶڲ
󣺡ô˵˰ɣ
Ǵ޿ɾҩǽһСʦãͬʮǻԳԡ
ʲô˼
ʦΪȺ΢飬֪Լĵӻˣ޶Ҳ֪Ƕôһ仰֮뿪ˣһ˴
˺þã㾹Ȼ֪ʦ𡪡
ʱѾԶˡ
һʱ鸴ӡ
ġ
ʱɫѾ뿪а۵û³ɽǴԽǺ֣ҹɫȥѰһ
ΪΪħδϢħԨֻܵ͵ж
ΪħҲŲţˣҲˡ
ɫ㵵˵ŲţΪұҸ֪һ¡ҴħԨһϣپħĿڽһŵϢħԨ
Ĳɵĵ˵ͷҲûΪΪƫǷʵĶһ¡ҺϻڡϢħĴڣ
ˣпܶĵܵܡ
Ҳö֪ˣΪں˵껰֮Ҳϣߵķߡ
ڼ䣬ֻͬλڴ½ԱӺͣݵʱϢͣ߸ȥ
ٶȺܿ죬յʱ䣬㿴ӰӡǰһƽٵѾȻһ£ڴ˳һѵõĺƽ
ṳ̂Ѿ̫ʱ䣬þ߲ǡ
ܿ죬ͣһƬǰľɫģȴδйԽƬ
谭Ŵжķӡ飬֪ΪΣһ·ȴδйڴеܳĴ
ѹɻȻһһһ̤Ƭ֮УѵŵľԣĽŲԷıܿ
ܿ죬ԽԽԶӰʧƬ֮УǰľҲúڰխ
̧̧֣ɫһƴĹǰĿռ䣬ĿһĶڣǳߵͨ
ԥ̤ǶڣܳԽߣԽխܿ죬»Ȼʡ
ɵĿƬƬ̵ش㣬ͷտ纣Ǵ½ħԨûй
뿪ʱ꣬ߵļЩģȴİ
λѾܴˣŽΪٵһֻꡣ
Ϊ̫ˣλǰ£Сһһ֣󵽺췴ܡ
Ϊߵƽ⣬ܣȻ֣ԣֱһΪ췴Ҳûгɹ
ǵõʱĺͷʢڽӶĴ֮󣬱㽥ĵߡ
һ׮ĸףѪβսû䣬βһ֧˥ܵòӣڵβҲֻʣһֻ
УǲΪûĸ׵֮λʱ侭Ķ࣬ҲЩֻΪȳأȻһСı֣޹ء
ûĺȻپסߵסĺѡ
ȵȴסȥ·ѷʲôⶼ֪𣿡
Ϊʲô
üǺ
˵㱩һһֻ꣡£
ΪݣûþͰʮˣ鷳Ȼں档
Ϊм޴ϡ
뿪ԥһ£Ȼԥ̤
ܽȥɵˡ
ĿһƬѪǵǽ壬ĺʬһһƤëΪʧȥ޹⣬еʬʼá
ѪȵĳǷʲôõ飿
ԥԭΣȻܽһƬ֮С
ܿ죬˼Ӱʬɽ֮ǰϵǣ׵ʱ췴ĺ壬Ǳѹġ
µʮλ֮һڲͬȺʵǿӵǧΪ
ʮλû룬ҲóȻͷΪ̫򲻹
ֻأ
ˣգĺ꣬ȫֻҪ
ǣ
ƽģ
ĶڴƬʬ֮£ǱĻһʱò̫ϢԿ϶巸ˣңǱ췴Ҫص¡
Ҳ֮֡


102 
ܿ, ӿλϸԴһȥѰ©֮, մû뿪ȥûкܸʲô
ڴʱԱһֻëɫĳĶ˶ӣע⡣
, ѩ׵צצڵϵצӣһЩ
˵̫, , ֻǳ˵ߡߡȥءȥ
, ʲô
, ǿˡ塭֡ƽⱻ, ǽᱻ
ôģ
Ǳ췴ص¶
ǻ˽Ȼˡ
Ҳ֪Ϊʲôûд, ΪңԹ˲Ͼй򵽴½ȥأ
ʱѾ˵ˡ
ȥͬ, Ĭһº󣬱ͬĻȥء
Щƴҳеĺ, ڽȻҲŹ, ϶෬Ѳ顣
ȥʱ, 㿴ſһλ̤Ķ
Ľأ˵˾ǹѺзµĺĵطȻ, Ǵȥһ
ſڵ࣬ԥһצ˽ǵ죬Ϣ
Ѫܵצڵϲ˲䣬Ȼ̤˽ء
룬֮̽ǰҪɱһλϣһֳ̫Ķصز˽硣
ںλϣ˵ạ̊́½Ҳδ⼸λϡ
̤֮ʱλսȥõĳϱ㷢ټ
δΣǾԾβ̬֮ӡ
λϿͨѩ׵ľβлһĨ죺ϵľβˣϷݹϷ򲻿ˣ
ԭƴСľβɲǼӳ죬ӳŹӵĽɫ·΢΢죬¶̬¶
ʮΪĺ꣬ǳϱһȻų˹ȥ
ɵıܿβһɨɽʯ飬ųϷȥ
̧֮ʱצǰѪۡ
ȻһˣȻŭѹȥųɳ
ݶβ͹ȥһѪۣȴ룬ǳȴ̼һΪһѳ͸Ŀڡ
Ѫӿβ̱ڵأɲǼû˺
ջسૣȰƤٳǡ
ȴ룬ͻ
ԭѾû˺ľβȻһצڳϵĿ˸Ѫ
ϲŵ۾㲻ǡ
ǰԹĿ˿ԴһצͱǳϵԴ޷Ļᡣ
ȥĳϻԭͣԴǾ仰
Ĳ֮ĵơԣŸʮһΪӵǧΪĳϡ
Ƶһսǣ½磬Σ˳ǳϵԴߡ
عѺŷµĺ꣬زΪ֮ǰ֣ĺ겻Ǳɱ˸ɾ˸ɾԴ˴һ
תһȦһ
ȻûջҲܾתߣȴڶſڣײһһӰ
Ǳ˽صĶðΣճ̽ȴ룬ȴһϮѵ
ͬΪµŮӺɵĶǣ
ŵԴǽűߣͬ塣
Ƕɱ𣿡ŮæʵۿѾˡ
ס
Ůۿе̱ɱúãɱúãɱˣظó
һֻĳңءͬ飬Ƕڴ˵أ
ŮΪնɱ˶֪޲ԣ࣬Ǵĺ꣬ڽ֮ϵɽ
أҲΪЩϴ˲̽ͷˡ
ȥ
ŮæͷǺ죬أ
β
һ㶡βǰ߻ǺߣǺ˵׹βǺĹ壬Ϊϡ٣һΨһһֻβȻѪͳ
˵ʮǰߣڻô
㡢㡭
֪Լжü΢䣺ҡ
켤״ΣߵİŮӣ
βǺǿڣźʵ£ҲټƽѪͳһ£ǺʱҲǰ֮ȴһУΪ͵һֻ
ع壬ô֮λָ˭
ʶı˵ദ̫Ǣһֱ޵Ķڿһǲϲ
ȴ룬һ̣ĽŲסɶϲĺһ㡭𣿡
ɻĿ
ǵֻС꣬㻹ǵ𣿡
ֻĸױûɢֻС꣬ͻߡ
С꣬Ȼˣб°
ŮüĿ飬٣͵һ仯ûУ˵һصߺһֱڵȴŽҲñ㡣ڣڻˣ
Ҽǵ㣬󣬻ָˡ
ֻСΪôҲɷ㲻١
һδü֪ҵ֡ѩһֻѩѩһںеĵλܸͬߣǽھβһ֮֮һ
ûкѵ뷨ѩ֮󣬱ʣͬ˵һ˵˴ѵǰ
ǰһĵɳʹǰף٣ɳΪ׵һɺǰе˹֮УδֻܱʣһֻصĹǡ
ìͷָͬڹ֮еԼһλϣ֤ȷ䣬ϱ⣬±Ļϱֱɱǡ
Ȼ󣬱֮֡
ⳡɱѾһʱ䣬Ǻ廹嶼ʧأΣա
Լˣ¹һ֮˵ҼǵԼĪʮǰ岻췴һôìͷָ壬Ҳ޿ɺǣΪֻ룬Ĳˡ
ǵȷ޺֮ģ켱˵
֪ʣЩ꣬ʲôͬĵ𣿡
¶ҡҡͷѩøһЩ˵췴ʧ֮󣬺һֱڱδ塣֮͹ŹֶͻȻΪʲôᵥλ˵ǡʮǰ췴ҾãҪԸ塣
ᣬڴԼʱһΣȺͣʹı֮ѩĲ롣
Ϊʱ屾ǽ£మѪͳúѩϼ˪ڳԥδǵʱ汣סǡ
˵ĸŮˣǺľβһ֧ҲûˡСβȻѪͳ׻Ǿβţ޺
ʱرҲǾβҲΪѪͳܺܶ۸
˵䣬ѩҲ߽˺ıһªɽ
ֻһ㵾ݵļӲ涫˵ĺ꣬бεļλĴ
ȥϡ
峤Ҳصĸףȥ꣬Ҳһֱδ峤֮λңڵִֵģһֱǴϡ
ˡ
أ
ȥˡ

Ҳûϵȥ
á
ѩܿߵһʯߣ̧ű˽ȥ߽ȥ֮кǰ
˭
ǵѩ
һߣ߽ʯߣܿ㿴ΪˣάĴϡ
Ҳǳϻۣ˵ǵѪͳĴôŶȥˡôСȲһֻ
ۣ㿴۴سƣϺܿϳ
㾹Ȼˣ
ǰұϾǺ꣬ҲûصûصĵطұΪصһսȴδһ󡣡п޳һǲˣðϴˢԩ
ƿСȰ㻹ǳ뿪ȡ
۸˵Ĵϣֱ˵˵Ϊϴˢԩ볤Ƿɣʽףǲ


103 
Ϻ۽Ķ, ˵Ǽλҵһ
ֻ㣬ʽ, ǲ
ϣ˵߰ɣ
ˡ˵Ҳ壬ҲԹۡһǵġ
ѻҪΪĺֻȴ, ˺üβ֪Σգ˺ü, ȴԹۡѵŻᴳߴ뿪
ȻڶûŪʲôء
Щ, ˵ΪɲءͲ뿪
һΪʲô
󲻾ãΪ岻, һʱ, Ǳǰ룬ϴ, , ̾һܾˡԸ̤룬ֻչ㡣˵, 뺦㡣
Ϊʲô겻ںأʡ
ŵŽؽ룬ǿķӡ, κ˶ȾָֺϵԿҲҵϣС, ԿȻĲ֪١
ֻ𷽲ŴϵĻչˣ
֮㱻˴ˡ
ʲô뺦ң
ҡҡͷ
ΪʲôԸ̤룿
ҡͷ
˳ǲǿɣԸڻ룬Ǳн
ǡ
ѶȻǲ֪Щ
ЩΪȳôŬ, õľȻĽΪأʮù

ȻһΪʲôΪʲôҪԴѡ
ȥ˭ҲȥǣҵԿס
Ĭ
һʱ顣
Ȱ뿪Ȼ˾ͲٻûбҪ˻ˮΣķǺ嶯Ҳ̫ƽìܱ֮һƽⶼˡ
ҲòĶȥħԨķӡûҲҪˣǳ£ǲ֪ʱߵҽûС
ϣ
ߵĵλͣǵ꣬ΪʲôҪ״Ҫð췴룬˶ǰľ¡
ܾã±Ȼϵ
Ϊ˵ãϣֻǹССߣ֪ȡϴûнȡ֮ģǸнȡ֮ġ
أ
зģ͸¶֮Ǳˡֻǽ⡣
Ÿͷˣԣԭֻ֪ˡ
˼ǣ췴췴
˵ֻǣҵȥһˡ
ȥʲô
ɱˣ˵ţ֣վҪȾѪȻΪƽԩ
ʵã󳤳һ̾㡣
úˡŴ΢ףȻ˳ȥ
ʯ֮ѩô졣
ѩλϣĴѰĺ꣬ǲǽǺܿҲᱻ֡
أսĺ꣬ʮ֮һʣλϾǧΪҲܹԸġ
ɱпܣһԸλϣȴЩܡ
ɱˣͽ
ɱǻҪѣ޴ˡ
ǿԶ֣ǾԲ붯ԵģЩͷ۵˵ǻô죿Ǳȥģԩ޷ϴˢ
ѩҲĬ
˵Ը㣬㵱ܹңҲȻԾ塣ԣԸ֮뿪
Ǹľٶѩʼվãϣӵŷ
ǵءֻһˣ£ĵֻǡڿҲֻɱˡ
Ҫһˡ
лɫǣҲ

ıɱλϵʱҲ̫ƽ
ݣɽ
ħԨӡһһɳǿߣҪӷӡ߽ʱ䡣
ħԨӡ飬ѳɶ֡
޴´ǵ谭ħʱķӡ߽⡣
ɽɫħ֣Ŷʱ޷˷ܵ˻Ⱥħڴʱµ
ɽǼΪĵطͷ̫ȴһյºֹ̣ͣҪһѩڻ
ħǳƷӡǵϣѾδܹ¶ˡ
Ϊ֮ܡ
ϺˡĿǵ࣬ħڵɱٿıȼ
Ҫȫɱ
δĴ½ǵġ
Ǵҵս⣬ǰˡ
˵ĵһսǲ䣡
ײһѪȾ˰ѩЩѪֲۣ֯徿˵Ļħġ
ҫ۵ģһµħ££ȴ˺ɫħƣѪɫɨ˲
ͻأɫʴ䣬˶һֹķΧ֮С
ֻӳһУ赲ǰʿѪ̤ǵʬ壬һһ˶ѡ
ȺħɱȴٸҿƬѪУһһʣأ
ɱһħ㻹С壿
ҡսгʬ壬ҲҪ
Σ
ŶѵһǣֱʱѾû˻עˣ˼ֻһ£Ǿǣɱǰħ
˺ƻ֮е貵ĽɫϸϸȥſһƬɫĹ·
ٵ˹ȥ
ħĿǣͶѵһʱҲռϷ硣
˷ʱ䣬ͣڰУǰķˣԺҴ򣬵Щȴڼ䣬ȫû
ħʿǵʱʿȻ޷֮⣬ѾԳƣֻҲŲ˶ˡ
㣬ҷ뿪
Ѳδᣬǻ⳯˹ȥ
ħĵһս
ħѪȾѩ׵ļɽһսȥ˶ٵħ
˰ܵòңħӮýҡ
ʿǱӴܣõѪ׷ˡ
ɥ֮Ȯˡ
ħǽħĻΪ͡
ǷŹӴܵʿȻħĽŲӡ˼ݵÿһ䣬;֮أħĲÿһǳء
ħأסڼݵİգҲδܿľͽħͳ졣
ӦģҲΪ˷ƽ֮ˣʬ׶˳ͷʾڡ
ħֻһյʱ䣬ռ˼ݡ
ǡ
䡣
ڴǰŴɢԵԲ£δ
㣬һˡ˵ħط½ˡ
Բ£߽ɢ
һ
Ǳ˰֮أټһ


104 
, ȷһΡ
Ϊɱλ֮ܵشһ״̬
ֻһ, ûеһʱصԼ壬ѡȥڤ硣
˵˵֮󣬱˴㣬Ҫȥڤһ, ҪĻȻǸá
Ҳǵһȥڤ, СʱٴΣԺ䱻¹ڤ粻ٴ, ÿζ˳ˡʵڤ磬Ҳ
ʱ, 㿴һƬ糺ı˰, ˳ű˰һ·ǰߣ֮·, вٵλ, κߣͶ̥
ڳκ, λ˳˳źκš
ɿƮȥ, Ѱϵټһ·ܵԱ, δܼϡ
òѾͶ̥ˣ
ţž͵ݸһ˵, һ㴫СѾͷƬӲӣȥ
ûᣬֱţʣͶ̥ĺô
أˡղţһֻҲ뿪ˡ
һȻ㿴ΪϤıӰ
ˡ
ûòСѾͷֲô磬˴İɡֵıִ
͵ĿȥλѾҪһȻһִ֣롣
ǳϣ
˱һӵĿ˵һ˵
󲻶дߴٵǳϵͶ̥
֣һѽקߡ
ǳһ·òͷֱ˵屻ȫˣͱ졣
ǳһ㶣Ǻˣ
΢΢ף̬΢
˵㣬Сʱһ㡣Ҳˣ
ǳĸϡ̣ǳ˵Ҳ̫ͣãزȥ
Ҽǵ㲻ӳߣֳĶͦΪʲôҪ
ʣôģ
㲻ûģǧٿסŬôãʧˣǻٵߡٵе
˭Ծıƫˣʵ
ǳϵ۾ﻮߺޣ˵ұΪܻǵԶڵصףڣˡôߣͶȻĻᡣһȫ㡭
ޱĿŲǳϡ
ǳϸɿһͷβĸ
ǧǰϵߺ߱²ϣìܲΪ龫ǡһʼгҰİͽʼն鲻һҡ
鲻ֻתɳϸߣҪٵߡ
ٲȥĻ֮ȻѾԼб¶ΣգǱĬȥ
ǧʱһζս֮߱·ӡʱ򣬺ǧ֮ǰһֿʼìܡ
ڣʮǰڶѡ˺֣Ǽ췴ȻĻ֮ˡǡˣҲħ
ǣǣʲô̲סʡ
ǳָңԶķ򣺡һ꣬ʶ㣬Խ½󺣣ִһƬءҵģһƬؼǣǳ֮Ϊ塱
ֻ֪ڴ½ϣħ屻֮Ϊ壬ȴδ룬һƬδ֪ϣжƬ½˵֮ܳΪ塱
ɱǣΪǵ鲼ߣһвơⲢ뿴Ľֻ̲ȻһһĽγ
ҲҪиΪ˶Ŀ屻ǳΪףΪ¡
ʮȥ
ħԨķӡɶ½ңȴ֮С
䶼˰׮߻ˣǴ½ħԨ䲻ϣսҽΪ幥˵һҪħƷӡ֮ǰߵǣȻ壬ϳȥ
üޣ㽫Щһٲʱ䶨֮ʱڿǰصϣȴѱЩ
ǵʱѾɱˡѪȾĽɫֻһŹǱ֮£ѾҲˡ
ȻǱ㱻ʮƣϸֱɱ
ţüͷ壿
ֻ֪ʮ֮УϾǲΪ׵壬ǲ֪ǳϵɴɱɷŹһʼĴ㣬ǽʮλϳײȴ󹦿һǵ
֪ˡ
ΪµĲֹҸһǶܹ㡣ǳϽ˵ˣߵδҪˣ
ǳϺһֺֽ˵Ĺ֮УõȺɱЩ壡
ǳϻ˵ɣȴ֪ûôףôýôҲڰȥ
Ҳûƴǣɱͷͷ֮ʣµСආҲΪݡ
룬ʣЩ壬ʮ䣬ʲô
ڲԼб¶Σ֮󣬵͵˲٣ʼɱľӵܣʤ
ȻˣΪβڣ
߲ǧ꣬ȻǺöԸġǹڣֻˡǳ˵ţ˶٣ˣذɣҲ֮ܺһͽ˻룬Ҽһ
δྐྵˣжĺޣʵġԿס
ǷԿס
һ
ǳʱ̾˵һ仰Ҽ¡
˵ͬһƬ½ϣ壬壬ħ壬Ȼһͬ塣ͬԴֲͣǱŽһ£С
Ϊ½ǵģǵġ
ţʱѾʼĩǧìֱơħԨӡ߽ħȻһսʱ̵ְҪģ½
ǳ˵嶼İ׮ô֪ħԨУҲĴڣǻĲĽ䣬ֻȴźʵʱһ
ħԨħǶôħ̲ס룬᲻ᵱħ֮սʱ˷ӡҲֱʣ
ˣ˵Ҳ˵ˡ߰ɣߵδڴ½δҪˡ
ŲǳϾһ̬ȹǰߡ
͸ϲͶֵ̥Ŷˣǳϵ꣬ܿ뿪ߡ
Ҳɭɭĵط̫ãԭ·أ;Ƭ˰
ʱλ˵Ǹǲˣ
ţÿ춼һ˻ڤܣǴԱ˰УҲʧңԶͣڤ硣
ĽŲסȻĿƫתһƬһı˰֮С


105 
ʱƬ˰˺ü·, סƬ˰ͷһԷޣȻСʱͻԶʧƬ˰֮С
ΣҲǰƬ˰͸, ߳ȥ£ڳէ˵һ˶Թ
ǰڱڤ磬Ƭ, Ҫˣ˵ڻϹתơ
Ŷ, ȻܣЩλ˵, ⻹һˡ
Ҳôҷ
Ϊǰ֮ǰԹɢ, ǣˡû뵽, µԵ֣ڤ硣
Ե, ִġ
, Ҫ
һԥһ̤Ƭ˰, һܿͿһɫӰ
˲, վһƬɫ֮Уµֿ΢΢ʹͷ, һƺɫķ˿޼䴹£΢ᴵ¶ڵ˫, ԳһĨ޺
ǰĵӵСӡ
վԭأԥýһұı˰ɫĻ֭Ⱦµ廨Ьڿڣ
վԭأ˼ĺŮƮƮĴϡ
Լüֺһ
ǰͼٿĳԽԽ죬󼸲ġ
ڵģʶܿûüײһ¡
һȻ§סһֻֿϣһֻĺ󲱾ϣѹ
֡¡
þˣҲֻǸĲ䣬˵ʱβڲ㣬ڵȵˡ
֣̫˰
ͱһ¡һֱҵΣҵþáҺ㡣
ȻĪһǰҲǰģһ㶼ûı䰡
ıºˡ
һκܹɵķſֻ֣һֱ۰Ͱ͵ĿָͷסһƬ½ǡ
˵ʲôҶڴС˵죬㻹ҵôһ㡣
ŹֵĿΪڤ
ôģʡ
һΣֻҪڻΣܵʱش𣺡ҵһʧ˷ǽ뿪ġԣ֪
֮ÿ춼ܾãҲ㣬Ҿֻÿҡ

룬֪ڤҲ޿ɺǣϾûλǰ¡ǹ
㲻ġﲻΣڤ硣
ţ۾ﻮһĨϲãáҲΡǰĽ㣬ʵŵġ
Խ͸꣬ͷ۲ѣ㲻ɢġ
޷ָͷ»ס֣Ҳ¡
ʱУΨһ־ģҲֻʧȥ
½Ҫô
˵ҵôȥ𣿡
ʹͷѵ⣬죬ķ
ȴȥմȾı˰ϴɾһֱ⻨ǣס֣˰ȥ
Ȼ˻
ͷˣװͰ͵˵ȥȥ㲻ȥȥҪȻͶ̥ȥ
ȥ
ת첽ǰߣ׷ȥȻס֡
Դ˽͵Ҳ·߶ˣǣҰɡ
Ŀһۡ
ôˣЦʵ
ôħ˻
˵Ϊϲѽ
Ҳϲ
̽ŵһַƩǿȡᣬҪ𣿡
Ҳû⡣
㻹ɡǱȽϲ۸ȻΪħ֮ʱҲͦ۸ġ
üһ䣬ЦݲãҾ֪ϲһЩ
š
ѭż䣬ܿҵڱ˰һСľݡ۵ִһľǰ飻ϣһɫȹŮӣĿأʱʱͬ˵Ц䡣
ʱԷޱദģδı䣬ʮʱ˵·ֻǼʱˡ
ܾûˣǣȥǵ¾ã壬̣þò
˵ţֵŷ棬ʱżȻǰ
ǺͶʦʲôϵ
ûϵСʱصظҽͣŷŷҶʦ֣ŷ
ɢĿ˵Ȼ˵վ´һС갡ôˣöûˡ
ˡֱԣҲܲ˵
⻹ôŸ˸һˣôѳ鰡
šŵ鷳ϴմȾı˰㡣
԰һڴӦȻʣС꣬ɣ
ϡ
ӻҰĽ㡣
ںڵϴתȻײײŷСȥ
á
ŷƵСľݵĺ󷽣һ峺Ϫ
ʱʣǰ㷽ԣСʱ
šʱƬ˰ʧˣҺָͻȥġ
ڤ粻ֻ֮˲ôôģ
˻Եڤ磬СȻҲԡ
㲻ٶʡ
һߡ
£Ȼ˵С꣬ǰɣøҡ
š
ӻһѩ׵ĽңװһĨǣǰڤ磬Է뿪ʱµıꡣ
Ȼ󣬳ֹһƻǣɫ˰ףų潫ƻսУ춼û˵
ʲôǲỹġ潫Ҵȥ
ֻǺ棬Ҫʲôá
صĳգһ۾˵¡
ӡ졣
ЦЦȻ˵ܹ㹲ڤ磬˶Ȼʮְɡ
ÿɷ
أʡ
Ϊˣһص˽Ҳټģһ㶼ҪΪҲ档صǿΡ
治⼫ˣ㰮йϵô
ȻУҰô᲻
ĿԧҼöˡţп粻ȥĿԲŲ£ϥ̸ҾãǰѾˣôһжԹɢǡ
ɢˣҲƽˡ㿴Ҷ³ɼΪˡ
Ϊʲôϼ
ûҪ
ļ̾ķǵС갡αôԼأ
ҭ˰ΣЩŭҾͲ
˵û仰Ĺŷ߳ˡ
վ˵߶Ŷλǰˣˡ
ɫˣһɡס
ˡ
á
ͬʱ˵

ˣġ
ӻģܵ˵ġססҲմȾڤĻ꣬Ҳкô
аɡ
ڤҲҹֻǲ԰ˡʱɫѾԵİ氲ס¡
Сݼªһɡ
ôͣ
ڳȥڰ޳᲻ȥ
һƬڣĬˡ
ﳤȥ
۰Ͱ͵Ŀ
һͷ
ôҲû뵽ǰˣȻڤϡ
ϴϺ߽Ϳһϴϵڵϡ
ůˡҸһλá
ȥ
Ŷ
ùһߵ̺ӶһߵϽһˡ
̺߹ȥˣŵŵЬӣ˱ѣģųҪůů˸į
һҼž
㡣
š
ġ뽫ദıʱ˷ڳĬϡ
ģûʲô˵ġ
͵ûһ˵㣬ĹĶ𣿡
ڼ˸˸ܺƯĹǨȥɡ
֮ǰôģҾûͬ⣬Ĺ̫áˣص㡣
㣬𣿡


106 
, һ˹ŵӦ飬ÿ, ֻľˡ
ʲô˼
ֻýúһ, д𣿡, ˵ǡֻý, д
ƫִƫִ, ڹӸĨȥֻѧαװ
ġҧ˵ҶѾ, ͱˡ
Ѿ֪ˣĽ, 󣬻һڤҪΪ촹ָһλ, ֡
һ, ȴħԨʱµĴ, ǰһϲ
ѹסļŤռһ䣺áġǽ, ǰ, ȥ㡣
˸òšվǰʲô
֪ʱǰһæ
Ȼǰ£, ޹˵齱ˣֻнů͵ˣ, ֻܹˡ

˯ɣҾʹ㡣
ˡ
˴ǣȻ˵ɡ
ڤ䣬ڵ껹ܴڤҲѲ˸ϵҲΪˡ˾͵ķһЩů
áͷ΢ɣţ㻹ܹá
ڣĵŵЬϴö֮ķһ뱻ӡ
¹Ӵ͸ħԨ԰׵󣬳Ĭһ£Ȼ˵׼ң׼硣
áһڴӦ
һƣΪСƴǽţͿĵǽϣ΢
Ŀһ벻ɫĿһЩ˵û˯ţ׼Ҷ
䣬вһĨίݳԼ֡
۾ЩЦĿΪľͬʱҲºЩ㿴½ЩĻ𣿡
ûӦ
ʮʱɣʦְŷӿѧãҲ֪ĸʦʦһѽ鰮Ļһ𿴣Ͼʱտ˼Ỻ΢֮ͣ˵ЩϣŮӱԹ䣬ƫ㲻һһֱ䡣滰ֻǻ档
ʵһ仰û˵
Щϣ߳ŮʹĻˣֶΣԴ֮Աǡû뵽ˣֻǡԱԵһ¡
ĳ˵ڶ֪СĻһɡ
Ҳûʲô˵ģĻƢȻҲ԰
ǿϧ˺
̾һȥЩȻ䲻˫־ͱסģȴµƺٽĿȥ
ȵ죬֪ҵĺˡһ£
һۡ
ĬĬķ֣
ţоƴ¶ȣů˫ץס˫֣ס
һ
Ŀ˽յ˫ƿƽ˵֮뿪ԺҲˣ
ܶӲתƻ⣺㣬Ϊʲôůģ
׼תƻ⣡
Σֻõ㣬һһģֻʱˡ
˭ɱ㰡죺úûŰɡ
գһ۾˵ҶǺ޲ɱ֮죬ħΨһһϣһŵˡ
ǲڰѾõ壬ʣиΣΣ½𣿡
ɵ㣬Σĺƽǳ֮ơƽ侲˵Ķ档
˻ĶأûзΪΪеֹԺиٹ̣˷ʱȥ
ʱ֤
ħԨôˣĿʡ
Ĭһ£֪ʵ㣬㲻Ҫ
˵
ħԨķӡ߽⣬Ҵ뿪ħԨռ˼ݡ
һأ
Σǧǰԭħء
ıǶ֮ٿڤôһжΪ·Ұǲɼãԥѡǰߡ
ܿ
Զ˼Ľɣûмȥ˵㲻ΪʲôҵҲůΪҺ֮ǰ㿪ʼʵꡣ
Ѱ˲뵽꣬Ϊʲôദʱ֮ףҲȥЩ£˳Ļȥ
һۣʵĸ
Ϊ˵ǰ˻ꡣ
ŵЩҲᷢˡ𣿡
⡣
ᷢˡԴΪ
ϵĶ治ţҲ⡣
룬˵ֳ飬濴δᷢ¡˻Ầ㣬꣬ϷŹԣŻꡣ
Ŀһۡ
Ҳǰȫģ𣿡
˵˲ᷢˡ
ֻҪΣջڣұ㲻ܷġ㣬Һܿ㣬ʱһ㾾Ǿϲ֮ˣ¡

㲻׼
ֲ˵ˡ

һҹܿȥ
ҹԺ˯ˣʱͷĳȦ˻ſԼ͵ĶſһȻȥ
˵õĲ׼Խ磡ӷˣ
Ӧܿס߹ȥ㣬죺ôһô󣿡
㻹˵
ʱţֵŵЩɢҵĳ󣬱ȥš
ɨһۡ
ڵ˹ƵģĽһȻһߣܿ˳ߡ
棺ʲôأֲ
˵֮˱ٹȣŷˬɿڵţд
ź󣬳㽫˸ˣȻ߽˴һϵķ䣬룬£ΨһΪۡ
˹ˣΪβǴ齣
Ȼ֪룬͵ڤĳڣȻֶˡ
һѣס֡˵㣬ҡ

ҪҲҪͶ̥㡣
ޱķֽƽƬ׹֮Уֻ걻ǿʱȻ
ڤȻͬİ磬Ŀů
ˡ
ڱǣһûĵطҹǴһǲʵĸо֪ڡ
ھͺá
ڰУȼ
أɵЦһǣϵħҲڶȴ͸ЩƯ
ܿ죬뿪˷䡣
Ųͣ£ֻܿһ¼
һĿ꣬Ӻݡ
Ҳħ֮һ
½ϵʿǵƸǵħ˫ħռϷ硣
ӺݲħģվԱߣ˵ǣףһ°ɡƬǣħǱߣΣ
ӺݲȼݣңħҲҪѪǸǵҰġ
дһ˵
Ŀӹ洦ɼѪƽɱ֮֮⣬ħɴá
һǡ
ʹӡ
㰡ΪħǿӶҵԣΪ֪㲻ϲұ㾡ɱһЩˣȻ΢ҲΪ㱣ơ
ŬĿסɱ¾Ŀڤټʱ࿿һ֡


107 
ڴ½ȷѪʱ, һ֮ٷѩ, ס
Ǳ߶ںȻðĴͷͷ۲, ƱҪεͷ뷨ԽǿңǱߵѹ˲, λ϶ϻԲߡ
ȵ˶ۼòʱ, Ҳĵ, Ĵ
Ǳʱ, ɢ˼άһ, ֲ֮忪, Ϣ뿪ȴ, Ҳѡȴ֡
ȻҲ̫ǿˡ
ҲһˣԼһ׼˻, ֱ
ȥѾܳһʱˣһƬ, , Ȼǻ߽ܽЩʱĶ
Ѿ, Ĺ餻ͣɽΪϽҪڽɱǡ, ο֮֮ᡣһӮгϵͬ
ʵҲأΪȥͶ̥ˡ
ǵһһЩʱ, ҵɽ
ɽƮŰɫľᦣ˿ݻƵҶƬһ紵Ⱦ޾ɪ
ԭ֪䣬Ѿˡ
ʱÿ졣
пһ󣬳ɽһˣ׾ٵľ˽ȥ
ɽĴУǰһ޴Ĺ餣ڹ߻谵ֻаɢŲҰ׵ĹâںڳĹϣɭ
ǹ餿Ƭ̣ȻǰϹݡ
źټǳѾת־ģһػߡǹ˵ҲľٶҪȡ
δܼλҲΪʧǴ򿪻ӡԿףǴ˵λȨܹȺ
վ˹餡ָǷľĺɫȻ󽫹餸ơ
ع餸ʹƿһ϶һ򿪣鸡ĽŲ
һ١
ҲǴʱ̤ɽ˿ʶĽк̿͡
ںȻֹΪһ˵Ĳϡ
һ֣ű㱻ϣ΢һ죬ƬžĿռ֮ͻأúˡ
뿪ںڵĹ餣Ȼ첽߽ˣ㣬üۼʱţǴĴжݡ

ųɫ۵ĶŭĿӣȻ֪ݣٷ±У־ܣ
ʹȥ㣬㷴ԼˡҲãʡȥˡųϵĻݱ˻
ųʶľܣԭأáΪǰҲҺֻܵ
ʲô
𣺡Ю˵㶥ʲôãЩȴòݡ
ǣ㣬㵽˭Һг𣿡ųε˵˵ҴС岻ãҲ֮λҪλֱȥǼλɱˣҾֱӴλ㣬𣿡
ҶԵȤֻ㣬֪ζ
ųĿⲻĿݣֻ˵涼ڴǺɱҸ
ĵĵһ»ݱĽ˺һ죬¿֪˭Ǻ壬֪֮ȴѡ̲һںϣͲ£նӹ֮ˣ
ųһʶһ˵ô죿Ȩƣ֪ҸҲ޷ұ¶һ˿ɣһľ˰
ҵġұ㲻˻ݱ
㣿ųгһĨǳӡ
ų΢ף̬㲻ùȴȷźõ̫ˣ
ųã
һͬʱףΡǶӡġ
ų
Ŷˡ
Сʱ׵òУСѩëף뱧һ£һҧϣѪ죬Դ֮ųëľƵߡ
ĦŻڴµĳ˰̣һʱζӳ¡
Ҽǵ㡣ų̾
Ҳǹˡ
šųԳһĨʧ䣺С곤ǿԭ̤ڵˡ
ųǼ̳ĳ٣ֻѲ֪ʹĥȥˡҲΪಡųѾǧˣ΢ΪǳʵΪ磬ΪҲá
ʧ䣬ڼСбŴ
óοˣֻӲתƻ⣺ҪĹ餣ͨڡǿȥת
Уųѵǿơ
һ֣ų㱻һԸߴ϶ãΪͨأ

ûᣬһƿ˳صĹ餸ǣ֪٣ֻһž޴Ĺǣ˹
־һ˵ðˡ
Ȼԥ̽˰֣ǰ͹ƽָӹǻ˰ΣȻλһӲ¡
ĵǷɢŵӨ׹âһ
ųĹͳʱ򶼾ˡ
ûȥս鸮УĿԼжס
żָףʳָָָ׸ڣһǳǳĺɫԼĭ
ǺɫΪ棬ʱѪȾ˹֮Уǲĭ
֪뵽ʲô˼䡣
ôģѹеĲ²⣬ߵųԱߡ
ųҵʧУüŷӦ˵֪ʱֻһ̯Ѫ֪٣ΪҲҲ޻ĺۼԲȷϺͲǳδɱͺˣһܴǿ֪ôģ˵ҲѰᡣ
Ħһָ⣬ȻߵһˮϴɾһߵѾˡ˵ҲµûдĻֻˡ
㡭ųɫ˺ü䣬Ȼ첽餣ѧ̽˹֮С
ʱָմȾŵĭʹ
߹ȥļ˵һὫ־ģġ
һ㡣
֪ģҡ
ųס֪ôӺ˵
Ϊ˵𣿡
Ը³çˡ˼˵
һۣ˭񣿡
߳ϡ
Ϊʲôɻϣǵɱǳϡ㲻ã𣿡
ˣҵʱҲڳ߳ϳԼ˼䣬Ļϱףɱλϡųŵʱ˵һɣ߳ǿΪ֮׼˻ϻɱλϡûϣ
еϸ죬пܾ߳ϣ
¶ΪȻģ˵úе
ų¶һ
һɱ߳ϣɱСආΪ塣
ֱɱ𣿡ųȷ𣿡
ֱɱˣֶϲ𣿡Ȼиõİ취ǿУġֻԵĺܹ꣬
ųҡҡͷˡ
ģܿ죬ҾͻὫϸ𣡡
á
ҲҪˣⱻе˲
ųˣһУˡ̵ģҲֻˡ
ס
ų֪ת뿪Ȼ䣬͸һʹϧ


108 
ųҪж, ԼݣĴȥɽΪ˲, صɡ
˺üʱ, δܵȵ߳ϱϢ˱ʯ, ûѶ
ųĸһ, ڴϢ, 
ųҲɵһ, սҲЩ
ٵһ, ֻҪٵһȡ
ȻðĻ, Ҳܽˡ
ųĵĵȴ߳ӵ˪ӴϢԸ, һҹ̱˵˪Ӵ˴̿ͣ߳ΣڵϦ
ųʣλ˪Ӹȥ
ϲͷµĴ̿͵ӾȻô, Ҵɱˣ
ųҡҡͷɫžòĲ԰, Ϊߵ̫, һ֪, ֻϣܹ߳ƽ
Ǻܿϵ˪ӣ˪ӴŽ, ųŵʵ£ҪŶ룿
Ƚȥ̽ĪǴ̿, ߳ϰΣ
ųȡеȺϾȱţҲ͵ֻ
ԣ档
ϵҸȥ°ȫ
Ҳá
˪ӵĴűƿų뻢̤˽ȥʵ¹⣬ǿ˱ǽϵ߳ϣԼŻݱ
ų첽ϸ棬޵˵û뵽ô˳ߵΣҲǽһˡ
ŻݱųһǰҲûô˳
ҰɣϸѳҲɵǻΪߣ
̧̧֣һɢӨ׹âġ
ϵĿⶨǷϡ
ųĿ׵ÿ췢˵Ķһ£Ȼ߽ӹһĳĲ
Ǻ⣿
Ϻܿ췴ӦȻٿ̧֣һųųһп˵޸ֱ֮ӱĻݱ
ųŵĵɴ۾
ϳ˪󺰣̿ɱ
һĽŲ𣬲˪ӵԺУʱˣϿеڴ̿µǱˤ˵ϣһֻŲȵöá
ŸʲôѾ˲ĸоǾס̬󺰵
Ҫǰȴеò֪òǰ
ƽ£׽˱ɱˣ
ֻҲɵųݡ
ʱ뻢һֱ̲߳ٿĶˣ˪УűϮ˻ϡ
ϵ֡
еĳЩҲˡ
ǽжͬ飬ôУ֮ɱʣµλλҲٿĳ֡
ۿš
ܿ죬иصĽŲŮӣ˹ܿ㽫ⳡƽϢΨǼλϻԴ
ѩϽѪ첽ˣ߻ģ
ûе֮ǰ
ųʱңſڵϣһ
קһߵʯϣȻαأ
ų۾βסĺޣôģ
ĹǼ᲻ɴݣҪʱǷȡʱĹû˿ȴ֪١ȻǼε˲ġ
ɺֿɱ͵ɥޣˣʮλĴ滳ɵĶôεˣȻֻˡȻֻһ
ҺͬʱȻѾ֪Ĵڣ˿ȡϸ룬λЩ㻹
ٰάϡɱǳϣ֪޹ģȴδϿѡϱǲ壬Ҳʲôö
ϣƲˣ׾١
ųĵ˵һжƲ⣬Ͳ»ϲ壬壬߳𣿡
أҶĶˡǲԣߣ˱ǰʮȫɱˡʣµСආҲͲΪˡĵĻص
ųζû죬á
۲ǿͷԴ󣬹ҶģҲĺݡˣͻòԩ
ųţ̾ôЩҹȻԭ̤ζ˵С궼ѳɳˣȴһɵķˡ
Թ԰ĸף߳ҲġΪʲôҪ˺ѵ֪ǵҰж뻢ıƤΪȫˣ
ףֻǸಡķҵôȴʵԸʮϴߣҲԸҲ֣Ի˵ǵҵ塭ޣ˭ϡ֪Ϊ˶ٰۣųǱŭžŭ
ƱԵĻʵϸ緢ǶϤųģصųԼµһöӡ
лһĨʹϧ㲻;ġǳת־֮󣬷Ϊһ̫ƽߡ
ǰ֪ӱȴδ֪ǳϣǽųΪ־֮һ֪ųֻһʱ;ǿųαѶѡ񲹳ö֪
ųĻͲҰ׵ɫ
߱ģֺοϾϲıȡ֮λæһȦȴòʧĴһ𣿡ޱĳ
ųţǲ˺ü£Σۡ³һѪ
ҴˡҴˡųӵȻӻһذף㳯Żϳ˹ȥ
Ѿ߳ϰƷסų˹߳ϱû˶ųذ׺ݺݴ˻ϵĸ˫ֻצųĿͳһ޴Ѫ
һ𡭡ȥɣڴڵ³Ѫ
ת˲֮ȥĻЦòη㻹ȥڤһһڳʱöӿɾһĿŰ
ϻδ˵꣬ݱƿնգۼͷ­ͷ­䵽ųǰųʲŲЦ
ǰųţһµµΪףÿɱ

ŻϺųȥ˪еɱҲֹȵƽʱѾ
ɢȥ߳һƬѪʬаݵǰʮʣµλϣһۣȻ߳ϰݵǰ
ѩˣʶʲôҲŹȻʣµЩߵľӵܣҲɢɢĹ
߳϶мѣ࿼һ£׳Ƴѳ֮أȵ־ȡɱ壬Ϊ
Ϊ
Ϊ

һˣΪֻءΪΪ븺ΣҪ
ɢˡûӦֻ˵
Ϊѩ
ΪͷϽɢˣ
еЩ
һ廢ϵĹڵصԴϡ
ȺʲɢȥųʬҲ̧ߣֻʣ߳λϡ
ǿаѻڵϵ߳ϸ˵еδҪλ϶ġžһۣλ϶ǶĹǾϲ֮ˡߵδҪλϡ
ﲻ𣿡
𣺡һҪص½
¹ʮλΨһһλŮԳϣѱĹȻвǳϸһλ
ʱ¹˵߲ǹΪ´󹦣ΪֻҲ˸ҽλˡ
ˡҲһҪλϻƺ⣬Ǹô
λϼĬԡ
Ҳɢ˰ɣҺ߳ϻлҪ˵ŵ
¹ϺţףǱȸˡ
߻кܶ£ȴȥ
λ뿪лϣȻƻҲô˳
øлӦҲŶԡΪ߳һͷ󻼡߳˵ţȻЩɻ˵ҷҲ˼һ£ʵ𻢳ϣҸ塣ǹȷ޹ģ
ǰصش뻢յһЩ£ֻͶ˵㣬˵㣬ǻϷŴоֹ˵ţ΢٣ܻ֪Ϊӣǳϻɹ壬ҵġ
߳Щε˵ˣǵúúøĸˡһǲ⣬ǳ϶ˣΪλѡҺ¹ϻţϣ
һˡЦЦ޷ȷ˭壬һȺȽʮȫɱˡ
˲ðգĴصޡ
߳ĪĴ˸


109 
δô, ѩһȻһ롣
;ߵĸǳʱܹĸоȻͬ, Ϊвоϲһ±˳ȥ, Σǲڰеϸ㷲, Ψֻᱻקȥֱɱˡ
ǲٹ⵵¶, Ҳûôľ, ֻ뽫׽ӳ
ƫһ, ǵһ, ľ, Ϊһʵķӡģߡ
ܹģҲֻǻһƬߡ
, ̽̽᲻ɴݵķӡ̱ܵ˾޴ӯָ⡣
ʦ龫ķӡ
鸮ȻǼ̵ķӡ֮ϣӡһһĲ, һ⣬û֮С
ǰԭʵĳ, ҲڴʱȻ, , ɲǼ䱻ɽҰĻɫ
벢ߣػʮʱ, Ƭë֮أ˻ķ˻Ŀ֮ůĺ졣
һ, Ȼ̤˻룬Խһһķ˻Ȼ㿴˲һط˻֮һССľݡ
Ǳסʮĵط
֮δټˣصģڱ֮ʱ⣬ε꣬ıڡ
زڡ
ѽ˻ȥʦʦǳţǶβõļǸů񣬶ؽǰȴ糱ˮһӿ
˵ǸʲôζԹޣһΪɥĲ±סԼѡҲ޿ɺǣȨָժ
ǰһ
ǡӡֻʲôûһ
ҪȻǰʦǸТ˳ŮʦҪ뿪
ת̧뿪
ľű򿪵һµŮΪӡƣæ̤˳Ȼ󣬿һϸĺɫӰ
ʣɫͣ˭
ĽŲٿĶסתȻмƵ
ȻĿڿһ̣ϱĪ顣ɻΣϲ֯һ
ؿ첽ۿͨ죺㳤ˡ
ʮˣͳˡصƲסӲ
ګګĵͷǣǡ
˰ԡ
Ҫȥ𣿡
á
һæ˽ȥŮΣ̫ųŰ׵ŮһΣյĵط
㶼֪𣿡кºСʵ
֪˵ģòҵ
šˣԩڶˣҲܿᱻ߽Ȼһ¡Լࡣ
سĬţȻͣ㻹СҾýЩ岻֣ңзѪβ֮㲻
š򵥵һִؽı⡣
˵ˡ
ʱ˵ûйϾҲ˵ҲӦøлûѡһ֮УʦѴңϤĽ̵ʦҲܺãȱʧİ
ڳˣʦ£Һǿûٿ˺ҡ
ЩúܺãĺܺãҪΣҲûбҪΡ
ֿϿңظ߸ģҲ¶ЦݣǾͺáѽ̵ãܶ¡㸸ǣ㣬һҲο
쵱߸ϵ
ġƶ
ؿ˰ΣȻ˵ȥһˣʱ򣬿һˡ
һ
֪ʦΪʮΪΪƳӡЩɢΪʧ
أ
û뵽ѾΪһ
㸸ס
ʹӣʣҺܿҪ뿪ߣΪһЩɻδ⣬һȥѰһʦҪͬУ
ҡԥһ£˵ȻѾûΣˣҸԸϤĵط
ףǿ󣺡ҽͻ
Ҿ
ʱȻãʦΪȫ塣
޷ȥָأһûǸ֮һֲǿûдֻǲϲѣҲ֪Ϊһаˡ

̲ס˵ʼΪǷʦһлΪЩΪΪҶꡣ
Ҷ֪ҡ
ΪѣԾڴˡһҪȥ黹㲻ڴ˵ضͣˡ
ûûȥ׶һ㡣
ǰػ̲ס˵㸸ףһǵġ
룬δıĸҸΪΣһİ޷˵
šӦһ֮󣬱뿪
ıӰãȵҲˣʧǵĻȥԼãԼƺʧȥʲô

ֹܿһ˻صλ϶֪ȥĸˣΪٻʱӦøأɹ֮ˣɫҲƽģû˿ϲɫ
ϣ黹֮ұ뿪ˡزδɫ糣óǷҪݸ߳ϡ
߳ϲӣλҲӡ
ȻǹִߣǰҲôҲûôˡ߳Ͻ˻ȥ˵Űɡ

¹ʱϸȰҲǶ˼һƺ⡣ǰ¶ҲٷˣڵҲܲ𡣡
⻰˵оݣͷҾˣǷģҲá
ȻǷĵġ
ս鸮֮С
λϣǾ촦е壬ΪԺ󣬻һսʱҪ߶
¹ϷӦ죺壬
ǣǵҰĲߣ½齥䣺ǸհԶߣЩ޷šڴ½ϵ壬ֻ»Ϊеͬж˳
߳ϽӻΪǵ߽٣ⲻ֪ѳǻǴֲ
ǡ
һֱĬŵţ̲ס˵ǹ˼Ǻ˺ħͬ壿ҵų˺ϾǸı˺ܶ࣬ҲǶɱˡҵǵħ
뵽̲סЦЦġ
ţı֤λҲŲ
ħͨͬġֵ
λϣ
ţ»ǹҲӲ仰Ż˵ħͨⷬħͨսʱͲƳȥ֮ǰħߵķӡûˣҪʼʩȸء
ǾǸ۲۵Ļ


110 
߶,˵ڴ½֮ϣħǴûȡ
ħԨķӡѾһʱˣҲħĿ־,ʼı,ħַֺ
ħޱ·һȥݣһֱֱĳ߶ȥһħȥ
½оŴݣ񼫱ݡӺѱħռ,ֻҪݣô½صǧǰģ
湥򣬶λڴ½ϵ,Դ
֮ͣ,ǰ谭ǰеΪصĹذֻҪأôҲǵ֮
ֻһ·,ȴȻΪѿеӲͷ,ԭƶƧ֮أȻ䱻ӯʿʵ,ԴԴϵǵĵ,ҲΪǿĺܡ
ⶢŵ淢һħ
˵
ݵ˵ӦùƵһ,ȴ֪Ӻδӿü᲻ɴݡίʵ֡
ĵĵ֣ؿݽߵ˻תơȫ޸ܿ죬½ܵ
Ǻܲ
ᣬҲڴ½ϣܲ˱ˡ
ħϵħǱ볣졣
ζĿݣ·͸ֿĳһ̲һƬߣݲ
ᱻȫ޸ƶԶᡣ
Լã
ɣħȻ޸Ŀܡ
üͷ΢壬˼
ˣͽˡҪȥһء
ȥʲô
ûлش𣬶ζ˵ħδҲˡ
ܹɱģֻһˣڣҪȥǸˣȥȥ˽ǧǰĶԹ
ʱѾ֪ǽոµĿʼԣη塣
ȦˣþãӦ뽫׷ѾӰˡ
ͬʱ
ء
ƶΪΪֲĿ֮޷ݵáеطΪħ֮Ķʱһ
صش޸ŷһѪĿףŲæѰʱ
ĻҲδӰ쵽һϮ£˳Ⱦ䷲ɡ
ŷŭ˵ʦ֣֪֪ħ˭
ʱ϶ԶΪ̫ŨСССʦŭֻԽžĺ˵ǻ˭ǰʵ΢δֽӡҶȻ

ǻѾˣʦܣҪİҲ㡣ɼǵãС嵱׷ʹݽ߻йϵ
ħʣ
ʾ֮гӣʹҲ뿪أƮǧꡣ
Ǻѽ˻ȥʱҲֻһʶ顣޳ûʮ꣬㱬ħսֻԶԶĿһλʬɽѪеħһۣ֪ǵӵʡ
ħʱȻҪ̫ƽ
ŷĳĬһ£Ȼʵʦ֣˵ǣ֪ħ
ʱ񡰡
¶δݺǱߣ˲֪֪ħ
ҽˣȻһ£ɫѪ죬ɫҰףħƣһϳˡŷ̾ôҲ벻һС˫Ȼħתֻ޵ûܺСһͬɱ
ŷ꣬ʱȻƺһֱһδʹΪκȻ
顣ŷࡰ̲סɣСڶʮǰ֪ǻΪħ
뵽һ㣬ŷüͷ

ֻŷͬʱ˵飬ǰݸһݵĽһ磬Ҳͬ˵Ķѣ˵һ¡
ǰ뿪þײƻ߷ӡĻ뗃軣Ǳֽвŵǵԭڻķӡ⣬ֻܴ֡
ȻôѶͲʦԼʦȡϵ֪ڽݵķˣǱһ·˹ȥ
ĺ·ʱһֱôѶͲͬϵ½ϵص˵ʦ˵ģЩȥ˰ߺ󣬺Ϊ֮
ﲻ֪ʦʲô˼ףߵˣûһϣϹϵġ
ӦҲֻ֪ܿϵ˽ݷǣȥʱ򣬶ɢűڴɹ̫
ΪῴʦԴ
ƽȣҲû˵ʲôֱӾͽԼɻ˶ѡϼصǷһ֣Ϊ񣬱ȻǶ˽⡣
ʮǰϤżҲᷭһЩݣͷβûνľ顣Ҳף統ֻһ飬ôִӺζѽ⼫ˣԽԽ硣
黹ڶѵϣԹģʱϵѾŤ޷ˣعʲôѲ֪
¸֮󣬶СĴ鸮óǱƵ飬ϵѷվ
ӹѷ쿴
һѷĵѷ춼ԽԽ󣻶ȼѷ죬֮ǰҲ˲١
Ҫ˶ãͻᱻѷˡ
֪ʱ򣬻ᷢʲô£
ѿĵģɵѡǼС壬㶯Щ
û˵꣬Ϳְһģ˺ôһ졣ΡΡû顣
ʦ㷽˵ʲôţ
ѡû¡
ɤӣ˵˵мصᷢ飬Ҳľ顣ȴ˱óֵ塭ֻ˵һ⣬ıˡ
˳ƫƱػһЩһ죬壬Ӧ˶ˡС壬ʲôҲֻжϤ֪ˡ
ΪĿҲѾ̸ˡ
ţȻ˵ȷ𣿡
һӵԤһУҲɶϤ֡
˵ףʡ飬˭дأ
˭ʵ統⣬д
֪
Ԥԡ
С壬ⲻԤǴġѵܾ
Ŷ
ʦͽĬһ󣬶ûаסʡصߣɼˣ
š
ô
ͦõġ
ѡ
㽫һж˶ѣΪܿĸԸڻ룬Ǳǿ
ţĬ˺ܾá
֪ʦ϶ܵ˴ǺܻᰲοˣҲֻܳĬ
ãѵ֪ˡ
Ҫȥ𣿡ţҪȥߵĻͽ
ˡƽҾͲȥ鷳ˡ
鷳
ѴˣҲ˴ʱ򡣼Ȼ֪ǻиĵˣС壬һô죿
һֱԱĺҲ̲ס


111 
־,ô죿
˼ĴȻְǱѾ㶨ˣȵǰ,ͻæˡħԨǱ߹Ʋд,ͿԸԸˡʦ֣˭ϴ󰡣
ħԨǱôͲдˣǱǴ½ⰡɵС塣ĺ⻰˽ģϣٺǣֱӾͺԼİħ֮˵һ
𣿡
Ҫ,½ĬĶҲ˵
Ŷ˭ϴ󰡣
ĺʵۣʵʱ򲻶áݺڱħ򣬺Ǳǰδʦ,ǱʦΪ,ĵλأȻҲ˵ϻ
มΪأû뵽ĺһ˵,׾١
ʲô
û¡ûĺ뷨ȥҶʦ,ʦ֣ȥһȼʦְɣ˵
ħ⻢,ȥǱͶ
û֨
ûþ,ҪҪȥȥ˶ʦᡣ
ѿһۣ̾һȻʦȥ,ȥһ˺ݡ
ǡѿڣĺȻῪڷ
ʡ𣿡
ûʲô󰭣˵ñΪʦء
Ŷ
ѱ뿪˽ݷǣͣһ죬һ·ûкúϢϢһȥ
Ͼֻ֮һݡ
ֶϵǱ鿴
δ䲻ĳ֡û˵ˣҲŹ㡣
δŹңⲻһôΪ˵ǽ췣ΣܹƷľ飬޻ڡ
ૡŮˡŮˡ
ΪվҲԽԽ˵˼仰֮󣬱˳˯״̬С
ս鸮֮У°ͿŴⲻ֪ʱСꡣŻյġ
ŷ˵췣ⲻ֮󣬻ջȥôԺַʽջȥ
ɢô
ȻһΡ
췣£ЮŻ׺ĴѿĲ£ȴδϡ
ΪһӰ췣
عͷٿһ۵ʱ䶼ûУɲǼ١
ɢˣ

ͷ󺹵Ĵ˯оѣһʱ顣
ûµģûµģ׼ϴλεأҲǱаˡ
ӰڵĴ͸˽˹Ի谵ķ䣬ʰ˸ӵ飬Ь´ϴ¡
ȥʱĺҲѾ׼ˣ˼򵥵Ĵк֮󣬱ݡ
;УĺʡҪħ𣿡
ʦ֣ôھŻݱ쪵ЮСġ
ǺܺãģϲΪûвõ鷢Ͼ췣ҲһףӦҲǻ¡
ҵ㡣ĺ̫ƫִˡ
ƫִĺԥѡһĴʻ㣬˵ǷӣһǣϣԿ
Ĭһ£˵Ҳ뿪ħԨ
ҲѾˣ𣿡
춼û˵
һֱݵ֣ǧħѹѹһž޴⡣
ʱŵһᾡ棬Ҳᾡ֪һš
ټǱԵδ
Ҳ֪һִԵ֣Ƿڤ˼½
ĺûеȵ֮ݣ˵֮ϡ
ôȥ
ԭΡ
䣬գۼʹĺǰʧȻһֻƴССӵϵһ·˳
צĵϵѣս鸮֮Уƽĺѥӣߴ١Ͻġ
ĺ˺ü̲ס˺ü磬ȻԭΡ䣬С֮󣬱ĶЭ
Դ˸һпϵıСһ㣬ˡ
ĺ
˻ԭκ󣬱һ·صķȥؿħʿ໥ţ˭Ҳ˭
ڲԶһӺ棬˵첻ȥ
ĺŲæ˵СѾͷƬӴƫˣһ᲼ŰΪʲôҪԭһƬǽб
Ĭˡ
ǰӿˡһ
ĺ
һצġη
һӨ̵ĹâһһµݵĶ㿪СצӡǧΪӾǻԼѳġ
ǰĺ
鷳ˣм£ҪݡԭͶ˺þˣûҵȥķϾΪ޷ϢĽݡ
˭֪ʲô˼ħԨʱͲĶ
ࡰ죡ħΣգ
һֱ˵ʦ֣鷳ˡ
ĺ
һλ۰Сʦãһλ徴ǰĺȻҲֻ½ܿ㿪һɫĴš
һĺ̤˴֮Уܿ㱻͵ݡ
Ÿأ㲼½Σһɫȹ󣬱ֱء
ô£ʱƽϴٷʱʵ
վϤĲŻݱһ߿ڡݽߵʱ䣬ԼħħԨʱ䣬Ʋħпܱǵصӵʡն˵ħδңһɣҵȻȥص顭Ҫɱ飬ҪɱֻҪͬھҲ֪ȷһ㣬Σա
ţȻڤ֮ǰ˵ʲô˵
㣬ҡ
ҪҲҪͶ̥㡣
ԭ˵ģȻ˼ҪѰȻ󳹵ͣڤ硣
û˵ֻûݱеøˡ

ٲΪ
侲䲻֪ζǹѾѡ뿪ħԨôϣһҲҪħǰ
û֨
ݱٷУĺԶԶ˦Ϊнƣ޷Уֻ֮ͣ⡣
վȣ󲽵ĳȥⲻҲ˽ȥ
ԭС꣬ʱҲưô꣬ĴϣϾ˼
΢Ĵ˲Զ
ʱǻƻ裬ص֮ȴյÿȰ硣
ʱ񴿰׵ΪЮźɫħȴа
Ľ֯ײ۳˾޴ضΪ֮ս
ʦŷ飬ֱ˵ϣؿڣѪȻǱˡ
¸ˣһֻɽһѽ貵ĳɫĹâ԰׵ϣһ˫̹ǵۣԶϣɱ
˵ҹȥֹ㲻Ҫڡ
û˵꣬ͼѾŻݱս֡
ó˲֪Ѿ˶ˣʦֶûˣʱȻҲõȥ
Ƿβܣֻͬھ
ôܾţ
ͻȻֵ˲ԼͬĴͣȻĬ˵
ýͣڰе֣Ȼýָס֣
ȫˮһ˫ƯĲɫĵӳӰ
ŵĿĺ㣬㡭
û
޹һһһɲǼ䱻ϲӯܿ죬ְȥҲ֮Ԩ
ƭҡ
ΪϧȻ˾飬һʼΪҪ뿪ڤ磿ΪҪڤ
Ҫ飬Ͳܾ鵽𣿣
治һģϣָ𶥵ľ
ϵ齥ݣȫˮ޹⣬ǱʧܵȮࡣ
һ˲еĻݱҲ˵ϣ졣̲ס߽ȴ֪˵Щʲô
ֻǾĿ˻ơƭҺòңѾĴˣΪҾܼ㡭
ı𣿡

ȻˣΪʲôҪʱ֣
㻹룬ʲô
ħƣһ˫еѪɫԽŨ̲ļµıΪʲôҪңңһ֮Ķû𣿡
úݡ
Ŵ˵ʲô
Ҳڴʱ֮£ԭѾ»谵գ׵죬Ȼ㱻һ
ţǵףըҪըĤ顣
Ȼ뵽˵췣̲סɪһ¡
һ̣˫һ˫Ĵס಻ľ졣

ھֲĿ
Ϊ´ףʶסĶ䡣
ʲôۿ䣬˳գˮ̵£ˤ˵ϡ
һ˵һƿն
ŷ飡
ԺһƬհףʶĿ޺ʦֲҪ
Ѿˡ
ĺʱվʱм
ʱǰ
ʱĿ⸴ӵĿǰˡ
ĺģһɫĳ
ȻᶨܿһзĴɽ˫ɽסĶ䡣


112 
ʱһ̷·𶼱ֹ,һſǻġҪĻصڳ˵Ķϡ
ǵļУСʦüǿη,ǽŶʮأǴδô˿ǻ
β֪ʱѾͨ죬ϣֲ徿ỹˮ
ǿ
û֪
ֻ˫֣Ȼ첽,˫֣ƵҲ˽,һֱֻס
ɢ貽ıֱֱĲŷǰ,Ϊõ̫,ǳڻ΢֮,ֻҪһ磬û䡣
ǽȾѪѶ,뽣Ѫһ,󱻴ˢŢϡ
ƺ֧ˤ,סĿļλʦӹ
⣬æ
ͷѼ,ġ
ʱ˰죬ڡߡ
֣ȻŪıϣ첽ʱ

ӵϺ֮ԥһ,Ȼ۾ͷľװ
ʱ˵ɡ
أ鷳ʦִ·΢΢ܿʱæ֣˵
˿뿪ʣŷ㬵ĿŵϵĽ˵С˵ҪʱҾͣ˰Ƥˣ˲ҪҲǶ㲻˭أ
ĺҲһѾ
һ߿ƭһʹĺôҲֻһˡ
ֲôʦ׷С壡ŷ齫Ƕڵϵĳ뽣ʣȻ߷߲ƽ˵ֲҪĶʦֱȵùŹˡ
ĺš
ѾͷֱӰҵ彣˦ʱҶѽˣҿų󻹽ôСʦþȻΪһҰýŷѽǰжڻ
Ŷ
۾ûɣô׾ӵĿ𣿣

ĺ̲סεһԸһԸʦ֣Ҳ˵ˡ
Ҹﲻ˵ǰͺ˵ˣħûһöħΪ飬Ҿ͸ҺϾϵŷ಻ѾͷһҪúýѵѵ
Ҳͬĺһ㲻ħ˵ħŷһӴۣޱתߡ
ֻʣŷһ˹վһƬǽ֮УʱĻڣƼСҹķһʪ͸ŷӷŭ侲ʶԼ˵ˡ
æ첽ȥ׷ʦҲǸ˼ǸĲһ
ԶȥƬǽعڼž
زשʯݣľʱܿһƬСľݵһ䡣
װŵһϣûſװ
ǰ쿴ͼս˵ģץס󱳵·һ˺
һ󱳵ֱӱ˺ǿƲ
㵲ѵĿħˣʲô
ʱ񰲾վſڣһѾ
ֻһʶƫͷȥͼĿĴǸѪ˿ϡ
ݺύ˿ڲ٣˵ˣίʵǲôۣҲ֪ʱ˶ˡüͬѪ˿ڣԼĪǷźʦִʱµġ
˿Ѫܵģ󱳼ѪȾ
˿
ֻҪǵ˿ڲ㲻Σաǧ꣬ǺúûűȽϺá
ܿƿĿ⣬⧲ľͶ۾
԰Ǳϲ֪ʱȾɫһֱӵ

ĿɨѪܵĺ󱳣˳ǣֺЦ˵ղװұ㣬Ҳû㲻˼ڲ˺·𣿶ʲô˼ģȫѪʲôÿģ
һʼȷǱŵˣûͲعζˣǹӣĿơ
ܲŮһ㡣ͷת˻ȥһӲĺס
ʱʱѾת뿪Ҳˮ˵ǰˮñ˿ڡ
ҩɴ첽뿪ռ
ӣĿ֣һ㣬ĺ
ʱΪ󱳵Ѿɴĸ˺鲼һѻ䣬ϰ㡣
Ȼͦθߴ󣬵ɫһֱܲ԰ףźȴδ룬֮£ļС
ۣ˵ܲܰ·˵

ҲͲҪˡ
ûԼ̵Ķƽһ㡰·˺ˡ
͹Űɡ

Ҳֻиһ˿ڣѾһʱ䣬ˣΪһ򶷣˿ѵļ
ʪӣϸµİ˿ѪָⲻƤЩӦ
ҲˣΪ˻Σ˵ġ˾ӡ

ǰҲҰ˿ô㵱ʱ𣬶˵Ǿɣûðҵ뷨ˮתֵҸ㴦˿ڣҲû뷨¡
ùһߵҩָ࣬մѩ׵ĸ壬ҪͿĨ˴ȴһ߬ס
뷨ĸҲʲô˾ӡֻʱ˵̫أҲôޡ
߬üͷ΢塰أѾȥˡ
ڣûйȥᡢרע飬ȫĿⶼϡ㣬ŮӣصӡðңҲ⡣
ʼͣ𾪵Ŀҡ㡭
һС׻
㣬ȰðɡҲޡѵ֣Ȼһѽҩ˿ϡû±Ϲ롣
Ŷ
ޱİѱһͷ۲ѡ˿ڻûɾҲûаŪҴʦֵı찡
ǡ
Ҳǣ˿ڣԣãҪҶô˿ڣȴǻǧꡣ
Ŷ
̰ѴѪı춪һߣȻ°˿ڣǰƵ棬ŷֲԾ
ô˵ˣ
ƢôãűҲ˵ˣһ
ʲô
̿ʼ߿ࡰƭˣһ
ûһ
صƫͷЦݲҵصô
ѽ⡰Ȼأ
֨ˡ
Ҳƭġ˶٣Ҳ߲Ҳû취
ҵʱѾˣ
ˡ

ǼҲԣƭ㡣Ǹ仰ᡰûѰȥڤҡұ
Ǵһֱƭȥ𣿡
ǡ
һʱ䣬˶û˵
Ͳסƫͷȥʹüۣİ˿ڡ
̲ס㡣
š
㱾һֱƭȥǵ㷢ΣˣǺԥˡ𣿡
ǡ
̣¶ÿľѣϵħƶɰ˼֡ʵöʦֱҵʱҾͲˡΪ֪ﻹҵģ㻹Ϊҿˡ
㻹ͦΪɵġ
Ϊĺܺú尡㣬Ҳˣң̾ͺˡ


113 
ǻ˴ǰ,һȻҪĴһֵ˶졣
ڣѾǰһ,Ǵ,ǰԹɢ
ҲûбҪ˵һЩ˵Ļˡ
ƫͷڴĿ
ֵʹ,İ˿ڡ
۾ȥ
һֱ˿ڶ,˼䶼ųĬ
վ,ϴɾ,Ŀת,ŷŵƣһ,ľͷˡ
һ
Ͱ͵Ӧһ
,Դ
ں
ٿ̧ͷ·Ѫһ㣬ʱģƺǡ
⧲Ķһ˫۾,һҪ貵Ĵ
ǿѿС磬֪Ľ,
Сӭչ,鲻Խ˵֮ǰǲ˵ҵ,ǰԹɢ
ûĵ̫ã˵ǰı˴ˣȫµҡҪҪ,¿ʼ
ȻͬǰҲ˵˿ʼѾüˡ
ŵĿ־ϲ¿ʼҺ㣿
ţҺ㡣
㣬Ұ˺ܶ£ڶδֲһƵ㲻ò뿪ʱľҲ䣬ҡ״Ρ
ǶǴǰ¶ˣȻǵã˵һֱ
ȵָĴϣֹס״Ρ
˵𣿶ȥˡҡҲвԡ
ûдУ㲻д
̲סЦ˵ˡ
ҲЦֻЦ˼ɵ֣ץС֣һڡ
Ƶջ֡
ţԼ㣬Һÿġ
˿ڰҸհõġ
Ҷû¡
㲻ѵ˳ӵıţͷļ
Ϊţ۾̲סĴȻͿͷһǳǳ˰̡
ó˰Щͷˡ
ϵ˿ڣôģ̲סʡ
̺ۣˡ
ӵĵ˵㵱ģһȽأ˰һֱûȥ
һһ١
ˣ뻹ġײģҲͲ֮ˡ
Բ𰡡Ȼ֮ǰѾǫˡ
˵ˣǰԹɢôЩõĻˡģǳǳҲعⲻȥΪһڽºۼġ

һ˻˵ڵĻ
ܿ˴ֱӣȻ˵ȥˡ
áɵ
ȵӰʧǰ̲סͷ˰̡ʱ̲ס룬ķΪʲô
ô
ƺǴʧ֮һֱᶨƵΪǶˡȻȷǣŶĹۡ
Ͽʲôô
ʯ䣬Ȼڤ磬˵ĻΪ꣬˵
ʵĸ
ЩҲᷢˡ𣿡
ᷢˡ
ĸᷢˡ
Ȼˡ
Īп꣬ԲҪʵô
ԭʱеΣգԼ
ֻһܣΪǰķһĴ𰸡
鸴ӵ
ʱִŲʶӦˡ
æ鸮һϣѾɵۣƵս鸮֮УϾһ˺·
ܿ죬űƿһ˽üͷô㣿أ
Ȼңǹﲢ⵭شȻߵ齱ߣ
֣ܿ絶㶼֪
ħԨҽˣȥҽһ䡰ҩʯáܾʩȡ
ϵ֪ûһֻû뵽ôͻȻ˵ǡ
ɲǼ䣬ͱ纮̶⣬ԽһΡ

һߣ˼ɾĿӣȾѪİºˮԡִ鸮Ѵʱ򣬷鲻֪ʱѾһˡ
͸ҡҡ׹ϣƺܿҪһͬѡ
ջĿ⣬һϮ£ɣ̤˱Сݡ
ȥҴʦ֡
ֻûüʦ֣㿴վСľſڵŷ飬ɫݣͷɥҲ֪˭Ƕˡ
ˣŷ黹һûƵıľͷǽڡ
ҲûǾʱŷԱ˼أ
ŷ顰
ţڴĺ䵭˭
ҡ

ƿţһʡʦ֣ȥ
ŷû֨׼ٺһ͸ӡ
ԲѣŷûӦԸ˽ȥ߽ȥ󣬻˳ֽŸˡ
һţŵ˷Ũҩ㣬ƹ磬㿴ϵʱĺ齱ߡ
ʱһܣʱȻΪƵȴܹò¡ϴСС˿һѣʱܺõȥ
ʱ˳Ⱦİ£Ҳʲôʵʦֵ˿ڶ𣿡
ʱסˡ
öˣǰˣСʦܿһ涼ûħֱֱϯʦڣǲȫ޳ĺ˵
Ĭһ£˵Բ𰡡
εǸʱʡ
֪¶ġ
ʱü΢΢ʹȥиӵ飬˵С壬ûбҪһ㣬ûκιϵҲûΪǸ
ɡ
ʱһδĻɱңͬҲɱ

С壬ץ뿪ɡҲؿʱƣӣ˵һȰҲãҾĴ
ǵ겻һ𣿴ʦ֣ʲô֮ôĵ⣿̲ס׷ʡ
ãʱ񱣳ƽ˵ศɣصǧǰҲΪصĴڣӯ½Ϊ𡣵ʳˣʹݽߣһС壬ﶼڵɣǵʹ
Υ׵ʹΪħ޶
Ǳӡ·ʹġ
ʦֵƣǴƣ޷ȥָĴƫ
˵һСľݵһҽУת
ʱֱӣһΰθߡС壡
ʦ֣ôˣƫͷٺܿ졣
ʱ¼ѿڶһҪȥת˵ˣҪΪ𣿡
֮ǰŷ彣ʱ򣬻ġ
ˡеӲһ䡰һԼģ鷳ʦˡ
˵ţ첽̤˷š


114 
ŷ黹˵,᲻ᵽԼʹİƿЩײӢ
ʦ֣ʦֺʦֺȥ˼,˵һæ뿪ˡ
ŷ,˰ǽǣҲûʦʦܺ,̵˽ȥ
һߡ
ܵԶСľ,ƿ,,Ѹʩ롣
һ,ȻüղŲҽʲô
ɫ԰ף˵,ۡ

վ齱,Լ鶯ȻɫҲѿû¶,ӦǱˡ
㣬֡
,ŵ,ûƽϹµ¶ߵ,ס֡
ۣǣңҾͲˡ
ޱһ롣
ɵȥ
˵,ûʲô飬Ҳǲ룬̽ŲҴ˽ʹʦҪȥɣҡ

ȳԹϵ⡰
ħ
ֿĿ
̲סְ
Ҫȥ񽥽˰Թ㵱һ㶼Ҿ֪ҿпޡ
ͷʼۣŰġȻҲһУ͹ˡ
ֵű㵱ʱΪʲôʦǰǰˣ㻹ýָң
ûꡣ
ίĿ
޿̣ߡȥҩ
յʣˣίȻ˻һ
㣬ôˣ̽ŵʵﲻ𣿡
˶ŵɵ̯֡ģϣһݵ÷׵˿ڸĿ
ˡ
ùһδʰҩָ࣬մѩ׵ҩ࣬ͿĨĵ˿ڡ
Ǹû˵Ұ㡣
šһ
Ĩҩ࣬˸ɾɴһȦһȦ֮ϡ
ʱ˵ʹʦֹʵˡ
΢΢һ٣Ȼµİ
ô˵ģҲһ¡룬˵ʵģΪص֮УΪ׵սһ̣ǵʹ
û뵽µô׼
ŵұȲôʦ֣Ǹ˽͸ˡʱ˵﷦ζ塣ˣˡô򵥡
㣬ǲǺ⣿
ϣҡҡͷ
㵹ЦΡʱúҵİ
û㡣ƽﺬŵ桰ûʲôǵɵʹʱ⣬ԼġδãȨ๡
һ
δվߡ
ˡ
㣬лл㣬Һܸж
жķʽ𣿡̧֣ССѾһȦһȦɴӡ
Ⱦ̡ࡣ
չһƣָˣԹǰСȱˣҲôôһ㣬ˡ
㻹ǵð
ҼԺá
ЦָͷӲɴнѣȻһƯĽᡰˣ㻻ҩ
š
ʱɫѾûپľܾºڡµȻ뿪ˡ
ա
ⷽ붨۾ϴϺ󣬱ȥӭײŷ顣
ӵ֣סŷ顰׼ȥ
Ҫһˣŷü˵ϴʦô˵ģ㶼ˣ
ûһȥҴʦ̸
ŷ鶢˰ΣܳС壬ǵʦãʦã첲⣬ա
Ҳȥ˵֪ˣʦ֣֪ͣĵ˭
ħŷħҾͺϾϵˣ
һŷ飬ŷüͷĿ䡣
ɵõʦ֡
ʦ֣
ŴȻһ뿪ˣŷע⵽ߵķСľݡ
ŷҪʦˡ
ȥķ·˲ɢԧĶʦˡޣƨԧ죡ƭʦõĹ
ҪҴʦ
ŷͲˣҲʱĻ
ŷȥʱʱҲ̤ķ䡣
Ѿһ˳Ⱦİ£ϵħȥڵʱ
㣬ãҸմȥ㡣Ҵ뿪
ݵĽŲס
ɫ̫ԣСʡǲ뿪Һܴܿˣʱ򣬽ãҶ㡣
ְͣɡ
Ц΢ݳΪҵ֮Ի֡
ͬʱ⴫
ôĿڿɻֻҪһ£ݰһһĭ㣡
üͷзɿ컮һĨõɱ
Ҳ̲סüûȰʦðˡ
תһλʦֶˡ
ˣҲá
Ǿһɡ
⽣ŵգôƽ͵һģһ߬ס󣬰ק
ʱѾ˵һΣҷ뿪
뿪δûš㡣ȻƵطҴùˣҲϡٴ
קߣѣһֻȴʱ߬סˡ
ʱĿ˳߬£һϣƯ棬ɣһֱ֪Сܹġ
÷·ܵһʱ˼֣
˭ҲܾСȥ㲻УҲСܾģֻԼº͵ʱǿơС壬ҪߣҪأ
ǹ˼ֱߵʹȥˣﻹʱϻʱҲֻɫ˵ʱû˿ٴߴ߽㣡
㣬ʦʦܣһϣԶŷ˵
ĺվһߣȥŷսȦʦ֣ͣ㡣
ŷӿĺ֣ҲС壬ҪʦֻҪ
˵Ŀⶼϡ
ɫͬʱסʱѾѿòˡ͵Ｗţ֡
ʱţδ
𣿷֣˫ָֻɫֱӸɴĽ𿪡
⧲һ£Щˤʱ
ŵĶ㣬ѵҲƫҵʲô

ˣˣˣûûˡ


115 
ΪɫķһͨƢ,ʹ˶һӰţ˵½ɵľơ
еŶ˵˳,Ȼ˿,ĵĸһˮ
һ,Ϊ˵̫Щɬɤӣּ˵,ĵ塣Ƕǻ˼ټǧ,,ҲҪٶѿɣ
һοĵ˵ôһʦǺҲøҵķӦĿǰ,ӦǶʦŷ飬ŰۿݸĲ豭

žડһ豭صˤ,޿̡˵
ʱӦ,˵˵ں½,·,Դ½ͼı
Щ
ʦּʶǳ,Ȼ֪塣ɢԱߣˮ,Ȼ˵Ϻ֮һƬΪϣǶϽǧ,ưԴ½ȴֻš
ŷ顰ô֪ʲô壿
һ֪
ܻ˵ұǴһٽ½ֻ֮һֱǶ,ֻܱȶˡ
ʱ
֮ţصϵ壬ȴħԨᰲϸǴ½ϡħԨУǵˡǰã߻ЩǻһߵΣѽ⣬һ˻ħأ
ǲСǰħԨң㱻ˣҲǵֱʡŵ֮Ĳ㣬塣
ǰһֱ裬䲻ıԾ޹⣬ûˡ
һӰ
ħ˺಻ħΪ顣ãŷ
ûŷ飬ʱ񡰴ʦ֣أ
ʱ֪һҪħ˽ĻǴ塣˵һῼǡ
һ
ݵ̸ܿΪᶨҲû뿪أʱҲû˵ʲô
ȵʦ뿪ֵ֪֮Ǳ߻𣿡
ţҾãб£Ҳôõʱûκж첻в
ԡһݷǧʱ壬幹в
ԣ
룬ûлش𣬶ʡħԨڼ飬֪˭𣿡
ʮˡ
һᴫŻߣðħԨڼųѾƿߵϢ޻Ϲƽ˵ãҲܺ棬ǵʵΡ
ġʵͦԸͬ˵ЩصĻģԷת仰⡰Ұ㻻ҩɡ
Ĳɵĵͷ
һߣߡ
һʱȥеò֮Ǳ㽫Ķ׼⻢ħȴ룬ħѲ֪ɢ˶á
ѩ˼⣬ôѶͲ˵ߵʱᵽ¡Ҳ֪ʲôıƣһܵġ
ûˡǱߵħ߳ˡ

ȻߵƽϢˣѩҪ㡣
˵
ȥ߳ϣǶһö֤ݵơ㡣Ȼȥһ˺ݡ
ͷϸϸĶѩţС

ݡ
Ǳߵħƽѳճħʿ˲ݵľء
һֽħƣ˧ճɢӪ֮Уǰʳ
ȴ֪㣬ݵķҰ조öö
һӲʯһԣһûпڴõĳճƵġ
ԭһȼѾܼˡȴδ룬ֻˣԷˡճ૵棬ǹȥҪԸ
ûᡣ
ȵճսǰʶ֮˵ħ˵ˣҪʳһ꣬
ħæŴݣпңճĵֲūħҳԣұ㲻𣿡

ɵħԨ޵°
͵ûֻ˵ħϢǾ콫¡
֪ˡճһ֣վɫȹڿлƯɰĻȡôˣݵҲòˡ͵Ϯһֲ
ҴӺӦ
šճսŲӪʱߣƫͷ˵ɿ
ס
Ӫվãһֱδٶһ
ħӪʽСʡˣѴѾȥˣٲ
ȥлɫ
޼̹Σǧ꣬ճôҲû뵽صȻı
ȵߴҴҸʱֻһصѪԼʿΧסħճգѲټ
Ϊ׵һ£ĵлѪȺ׵ħĩ·ǲδ±ǻĿǰʿǡ
ȼͨѶͲüŲ֪¾Ƕ˵ħѿסеɱ
еĳָħȼΪ׵ʿҲ̧
˫ĿʧĻվħǰҧгݡճأ
ȼδᣬɱδѿڶһµʿ
ֱ֣Լ˰³վȼͻ֮䣬˵
ŭ⡰˭Լˣ
Ǳ֪Ѿߵȼͨˣֻ֪Ǻ˳ճգ汳˳ճա
ԭͣѪϴݣֻȴס
ˣ
ʲô£һ㵱Ϊħ֪𣿡
һ١
ֲá
ֲնճһͬһȴǷֿˡ
Խ磬ˮݵʿĿ⸴ӣȻǣľһ
ħˣ׷׶ӣӱ˴˵۾￴ɻ󡣵˵ӱһУǣħѧģʿǾһ
ԹۣҲвսеʱ򣬻ָ̡
ָ̰ûʲôۣšСǣҲţ
ǡ
ڣ
ȼ̧˺üΣ󵽵׻û׷ȥ
ȼʿǲ֪ǰһãȻʡҪħ𣿡
Ϊиĵˡٵǻڧ½Σӡ
ȼĵﲻħǺֻе٣˵ĻˣһǶȥ˴룬ȼյòҲ֮١
˵ĻȼĲ䡰дĺƽˣħ壬𡣡


116 
ǻԾԼˮ˶һ,ճҲ⣬֮ճմδô챻,ڱ¶ݺ,ַһ
ָ,ֱ룬,ȴ,һ,֮С
ճձŭѣ˲ǱֳƵĺƭˡ
꣬,Ǻꡭ
ǰֻɱĺͷ۲ѣھȻֻ꽫ӳ֮ǰ,Ҳֻáƭ
ⱲӾͺͺ그ˣ
óճձ黹ں,ΪУֻ÷ƭĺꡣ
û
ôû
ճ̾˵껢ϴŶֻľβ
ֻβ,,Ȼհ
֪ķӦ,ֻ꣬ͬһֻ
ŭĳճջԭ,ҪֱһͲ,ʽֻ껹
ûüֻ꣬ǰ͵ħ
ճյĿʲ,ڴ˴ɱͬģ壬壬ħ塣
֣ǳճôҲû뵽ġ
룬Ѻĳ˹ħ֮£ӵĶħ
ħڴ˿̣ȴȻȻվˡ塱һ
ճ֪Ķ̶̵֣ļʮУ㱻ˤڵϣһ޴Ŀӡ
ΣɫĳȹȾѪǱճõǵѪǲġ
壬ڲë֮أˡվߣ
֮ضʱ
Ŀ֮£ԭ˵ս壬
Ƿͨ˵ģ죬ͨ˲ͬһȡ֮ģǸΪ׳ǡǿ
ܳɱǣǾͻ֮еõһһµ

ǱΪޣʤȯգȴδ룬徹˼֡
岻òóޣݣͬʱħפݣΪеǰѾûˡϾλεѾǰǴδ˽Ұ޶ȡëѪħأħѾˡ
ݣǡ
еǿۼŽһ¡Ѳڣȥвŵˡ
հȻûʲô⣬ǳħ֮䡣
ȻħѾפݣȴ˽ħ
ִⷬЩ࣬Ҳɵǳ죬ûȰܵ˼ֻʵ룬̲ס
ԱߣģλڱλųĲһ㡣
ȥЦʡ㣬ôˣһֱң˲˼ġ
һֱȥ𣿡
˶˵ߵĻʵֻɸųΪ󣬸Էɢ¡ɲóһ󳳳һ𣿡
ħԨأ
ħҵģ˵ʲôʲô䴽ڳħãڲҪɱˣǳĥĥƤҲá
е㷳ڲˣΣһߺǱ߹Źֵһڧ𣿡
𼱣Ҳ£ܿͻнġ˵Ҳһ£˭ͷء
˭
ʦ֣ʦ֡
üΪʲô
֮ǰǳ̸ɢôʦӦǲԸħ˵Ĳǡ
ܴᴧģûӣֱ˵ˣҺʶˡ
УҪĲСʦãʦǣǽš£ǲɢаسΰɡ
עѾڵʱϣɵ˵ţʦؽǲͬ
һʼ˼ʱ̲ס˵㣬㲻ϲңûЩ߰ģҶҪġ
ͬΪ˽Ȼͬ
֮󣬾ȷѪħԨ䣬¼ţģʱ뿪ħԨ֮꣬ǽųůĹޣǰɳ
ĳɳȱʧ˰Ҳ͵ԼȱʧĿ÷Ҫ񣬶עˡ
뵽һ㣬̾һȻǶ˵ʱ򣬴ӵ͵͵ס֡
ƱȴԱůģӭԲ˵ҪӦԼ
ֲ֮ǰ췣µǸΣӲҲϣܹ
ֻЦҪԼҲһˣҾҪŵڶ
С˵ĹҲòˣʱȱ̬ٴǽŴ֮ѳɶ֣ҲֻӦʣ󣬱ֻʣһֻû֨ȼ
һ𣬳ʼһδȼȥ
ţԭУΪΪۣʱ˲Ÿĵˡ
һ飬޵е˵ڶûʲôĶԹȼĸħı֮£޲ýеħǧУξ
ãĿȼĵ˽ͷ­ħұȻŹǣȵΣƽϢ֮ħԹ
ûκ˷ĵġšһȼ뷢
úڳ棬䵭ǽ͵ˣλʦʦǣɢ˰ɡ
ѩɢȥҲתߣһƱħħȺʱϡϡҲֻɢȥ
ֻʣˡ
Ҳߣһлʦ˵֣˵
ЩԸ£ɨʱһ̵ۣ˳ȥ㣬㡣
߳ȥ󣬵̴յԱߣĴָ
ü΢
СʦóϢˡٺĵĿ޵λģҲģͳһ˰ɡ
̿ȻİõĽܵٵĿޡҲǵʦֿҵġлҪʦ˵
ħģŷʡ
ǡ
ŷƲƲ졣
췣޷ѣΪһЩ¡룬辶Ҫ𣿡
ŷ顰
Ҫһֱ
⼸λʦֲ˵Σ˵һҪҪΪңҲҪ
ŷüôܻΪһ̸
ôˣ֮ǰźҶϾϵֻ˵𣿡Щί
ʱĺüͷʱʡô˵ˣ
ŷ顰ʵҲǸ˼
СС㡣ʱ
ʦֳԱϽЦ⣬˵ʦ֡ʦ֡ʦ֡ʦ֣ҺϲԣϣΪңҪˡ
ǡŷ̲ס
һѵġԣܶһЩ𣿰ԼˣʦܣˣÿĳϦһԲǰǽʱһҲٹ¼ŵ
ĺܾ⻰˵ùֵֹģ룬˵С壬ʵ͹ˡûҪǡ
Ҳأ
λʦֶ
ЦЦģҿѡ֮ӣҲġ
ҾǣӵеģٶһЩ
һЩٶһЩܹĵҸ
ʱؿһۣ˵ġ
ŷĲ鲻Ըĵ˵ͷ
ĺȻҲӦˡ
˼̵̸һȥˡ
ŷʱߵʱԱߣε˵ʦ֣ãõС嶼óȥˡ
ڻش𷽲ʱǾ䡰СС㡱
ĺ˵ɵŴʦֵ治ʦĹŵӣ֮ˣ̬ȶơ
Ͳܣ˽һ
һߡ
Ϊͷһ׮£ãŲҲ
һȥͿվλõߣЩɫȼ
첽˹ȥдġĽ


117 
ȱ˵伫ɽδ,Ϊ˵ǲѡԣܹط꣬ǼΪĵġ
Сʦý,ΪЩ,ۿǺġ
Ĳɵţ,ϲ¶Цݡ㡣
š
ĺʦ㡣

Щԡ
ּʦ,Һܿġ
˵ͷ,ȻĿȼת,ȼʱѾѣͬߵһ𰡡ͦõġ
ȼϲǨŭ,˶ˣߡˡ
˵ţǣ֣뿪
ȵ߳һξ,Сʡȼ,㿪𣿡
ܿʲôȼŻ
ʦƽݹ,ҵˡ
ȼû֨
,ǰϲʦ
˭˵ģȼü
ʹʦ˻˲ţ,㿴õ䡣ҲֻΪʦ㡣µҲ޿ɺ,ʦô㡣
Դ˰
ûС
Ҳ㰡ҽ˲֪ˡȼԳһĨ۾ҲȫǳĹ⡰ֻϲ㡣
գһ۾ЦʡǴʦأ
ȼ,شʱ޵ˡ
ŵʱľޡ
ȼ˺ܾãʵĺøУ˻ĪȻʧȫݾ޲ǡ
ڣѾǣס˽ᾪˣôʱľޣȻҲ͹ȥˡ
أ׷ʡ
ȼƫͷĶͷ޾ӡҺʹ
˵ıӰʧ峺ĲɫȻƮƮĸһֻ֡
ĵ㣬Զˣˡ
ÿ
۾»ļͷĽס㣬˶֪һˡ
ԣôȼûˡ
ûҿ
룬˵ʲôÿģҲԡ
ʲô
ɻƫͷȥ
Ķͷ
û˵̧̧֣Ŀֵû̧
㵽Ϊֹǰߣֻ˳ҵ˵Ǿǡ
Ǻðɡ
̲סЦһȻ˵㣬ҷһֵ¡
ס֣Ȼšһʾ
ǰܾϲȼģ룬ʵȻҲ֪Ϊεʱǰ뷨
ȻΪ飬Գ˴ǰ
ûҵȷϲ
̵øߡϲ˭ʦ֣
ϲ㡣
Ҿ֪
조ɲɣ
֪Һͽ㶼Ǳ˴˵ĵһΣҺܿġ
ô꣬ûϲĹ𣿡ʾɡ
룬Ƶ˵ûУǰФҵŮӣɲ١Խ㣬ˡȻҲˡ
ϲôŮӣڻǣסˡ
ھûФŮʲôץסġǰ׷ʡ
Ȼ˵ǰЩФ롱Ů³ΣŰһ档ǣЦҲУǣء
ǽڷָָ䣬ʮָۡ
Фҡ㻹Ҵ
ûɹô
ߡһ
Ȼ㣬ˣǱɻòã
һ
Ҫ֡¶ߴı顰Ըô
˵ɡĲɡ
ˣΪǻԸ⣬㳢ŲȡûҲûϵҲЩģֻҪ߾ͺˡ
ֽ˽ֱת˻⡰ҷѾʦ˵ˣǲҪ㡣
˸ңԱˡ
̬ȡҪ𣿡
ǸҪˡ
ȻҪô㲻ҵʦǣǲҡ
㣬ô
Ժһǵˡ
һȻ˵ȻϾǽʦ֡
˵˰׼ڡ
á

ռޣǲδͣ½Ų⻢
岢δΪó޶õϢĻᣬͶһֵսС
ǰĴսһ֣֮ͬһԵµĵˣͬģҲǸΣ
˴ЭӲĽǿ嵲֮⣬һʱҲ޷𣬱ֻܽš
ÿշתݸս֮ϣ˵İɫȹӢˬɫףѪǱ֮ϣѶ¡
ֳֻݱּ̧նһԴ
̫ˣൽѾ֪ɱ˶٣ԴԴϵԽ󣬾ޣ½
ƣ
ɱһ壬㿴һξѩһ塣
ȥѩͼһݺݵĳԴȥգۼԴ
˳ŷȥµ۵Ҳ˹۾ϡ

һλ׼壬ƣŻݱ˳ǽ֮Ϣ
˹
ûͷֻԱ˵ҵһξһֻ
û뵽ġ
ص֪ܲ㵱ɱֻС
ȷû뵽šü޳˴ǰңȻһȥһֻ
˸Ȼվ˵ϣüۼ仹ı䣬гɱѾȥ˲٣սȻͬ
ЦЦ˵Ҫлˣ㣬ֻҾҪִħΪҲ޷
ǶԵģǰǳǶԵġǰˡ
л
ڰ֡ء
֮صסСԺʱԼλʦ֣ڴ˴š
ʱСԺһƬžֻˡϴѪףԡ󣬱СԺ̧ͷ졣
塭ĴڣΪ˰ʲôأ
ʦ˵Ҫƫľ죬ʲôأ
֮ĺ
δʲôȻʱǾͻˣҶӰ
æʡأ
ʦҡҡͷ
ЩҴ˳ȥȥ
ʱɫѾװⶼѪζǣ˴ǰȻʮֲϰߣʱѾޱˡ
Ѱ޹ֻȥѰ⣬ܲʵ䡣
ϣ￴
Ųסûеһʱȥ
ڴԻ
ԲͷûѪζ𣿡
ٽһ磬˵ࡣôصˣѪζôѽ⡰һñܿģôͱˣ
֪̫ѨЩƣʱܿˡ

Ȼ
ڵˡ
ΪŬĨɱȥˡ
Уˡħ
ǲֹôǶ
ʱִ˹ǲ֮һֹô㣬ɡ
ȷѡ֮ӡˣԾΪ㴴ȥĻᡣ
ᣬҪǲҪ


118 
Ǻ, ڵĻ֪ʱ˷׷ѩݵĵһѩϢδع, Ŀ֮ǰѩ
İѩصСԺƿ, پů, ̿лڵĴһϸӰ
ڹ߻谵һ۾ϳĽ㡣
˽Ų˹ȥ, ߵ˴齱֮ӡ
ƺ˯, ͸ѩϴϾԲԣ˳Ľ͸Ӱβ΢΢, ġ
СĵĴսҪ͵͵ҲֻȵĴǣһ롣
ʱΪ, ˶ƣ, Ҳ⣬볳
մվ˯, ֱ㱻ȵ¶ȡ
۾˯⡣ס, ЦԽԽô
ϣʲô𣿡գһ۾Ц
Ȼվϣ˱ѩʪ磬һӾӵ˲Զ֮ϡ
˻˲ָ͡ĵؿڡ
һô֪
ҽȥˡ˫ֱ֡
ңûд󰭣Ҳǵһˡ˵ֲķ䣬еۣ˽㣬Ͳˡ
Ĭһ£˵ǸϾˣǧ˿ƵĹϵ
˵ڡ
Ϊһ˵ڣͿʼѵȻࡣ
ת˻⣬Ц㣬ȻФҵģҲˡ
԰Ф㡣ܻ˵ԣˡ
ЦŨװģ££½ɢ˵ФҲûãû֮ǰҲŲýóѡ

ƵġСһ䡣
Ҳ֪û廹Ǽû壬һ䣺˵ʲô
ȥϴֻˮԼȥ򡣡
á
ȵȥ֮Уꡣ
ܿܽˡ
Ĭ롣
֪ڵţٶȺܿĻˣϣˣŲŲ
Ȼܾܾ
ů𣿡˱ѣЦʡ
̵ͷȻߴģ˵ǽÿ춼ھͺˣҲˡ
ƫͣ䣬˭ܾůأ
۾˵ĻӺ̿裬ôÿ춼ڰ
㲻ңҾ㡣
ԡ
ܿ˴˵˯ɣˡ
ӵůģЩԳòʲôԲǸˡ
ͣ㡣۾һ䣺á
Ŷ
ڽһ
һҹܿȥ͸һƹԵ۾
СŲʵ֣ӭһɱ¾
飬㵼һ϶ûô˯ţٽʱ˯ȥһˡ
Ժס֣Ϊû˯ѣģȥˣѾнķˡ
ţ
˼仰ûߣӲᷴǱֻ
ܿ죬³˯ȥ
һֱ磬۾Ȼ˯ץסϵ֣ҡҡ
˯ˣ
ѣҲЦòã˭ģ
ƿԼ
δһסؿڣ˵ۡ
ҿû˿ڡ侲˵
Ա㲻ܶҵ𣿡
úúó㡣
һȥϴϴϺŰҩˡ
㣬Ҽǵ糿˵нˣôϣİõĽչˡ
Ѱһʦǣ˸СᡣԼࣺʦֻʹϺǵԴԴ϶ɺ塣
ʦ֡ʦ֡ʦݣ޵塣
أ׷ʡ
ɴϴһĽᣬϣ˵͸һĨ⣺岻Ҫ½ǽڿʱǱȥأ䲻ǵϳ
йһ˲Ĵ㵣ַܿӦôˣ
ҲĶˣڶ࣬ƾǵ޷󻼡ɱˣȴǵжԶӦôĵط˶٣˵һӡ᲻ɴݣϡ
Ƭ̣С
š
Ǽʱǰ壿
ѩȥǱջطӡˣǱ㶯
á
ģǻ˳ġĬһ˲Ȼ˵ôһ仰ǡ
⣬Ѿվ˳ȥ
̧׷ȥ
ȥ߰ɡ
ԥĵ˵ͷȻ˵ϡ

ܾת˷䣬ִ¹һѩë޵ݸ
ؿڣȴ·˫ֶһ㣬
ӣţͷ
ۣ䲻ŬĵţЦⰻȻ
£Ȼ顣
δ£Ͼһ˫֣˫ڿգ
͹𣿡˵ţʱ򣬻ҧҧĶ㣬ܻḶ۵ġ
űЩŭĵ΢졣
̫þգСĵĽȻ㣬ϵá
֣˸ªĽᣬȻһգЩûƹ
ſڴֵʱĴҲվӰڿǡ
ʱɫƽδΪһĻ¶˿Ĳá
ʦ֣Ϊʲô
ʱûбҪ
Ҳ˵ڣ˵ǰ
ǰ
ǰΪ֮һַ󵽣ֱ޿Ժļ֪Լס
ʱţ˵ȥˣȥ£Ҳ塣
ֻʦֲġǰҾȼ䲻С壬ģֻ㡣ĺ̾Ѿͷ޷ˣֻܾдʦݵˣܿɿΪ䡣
ʦܣ˵ˡʱĿϣɫºͣС֮ŮҪݣҪƫݣΨһģ
ĺ̲ס˵㲻ãһʼ𣿡
÷ض꣬ȴԵ޷֣ĺãίʵϧ
һʼҡʱ᣺һʼԼ
ڲκ˿õ
Ѿ߳СԺʱĿȴٳδջ
Σ
ʼգֻǾ˰ˡ


119 ֣ϣ
Ǹ, һΣϣѩܹһЩʱҲܹһš
˶֪, ʱ⣬˵͵ġ
ת۱㵽ʮ³
ȻڷȴǶڻһ±㽫ϲ, ѩǵ, һĨϲĺɫ
ѩҲڽˡ
֣صĽ, Ȼ˵Ϊ, ·ϵ˺ö, ûٰɣ
ҡҡͷս鸮к뿪ˣȥһ¡
ƺЩģܿĽ̸֮󣬱ȥ
վǰ, ĿⲻĿŷϣɢӨ׹â飬Ѿòˣó, ֻһ᳹顣
ɵ˵ôôˣ
ų, һʱûп, ֻվſ˵
, СĵĽս鸮֮Уش𣺡ˡ
˻ᷢʲôõ𣿡˽Էǣס֡
Ĵ΢΢, ζк·
ǻɡ
˵⻰ʣôˣǱ߽𣿡
š΢Ʋ˵ֹȼͬУҲиϡ
ɫأ
Űﲻæ
дô
Ǹ鷳뵽鷳ҪҲȼ޹أҲȻ˵Ҵȥ֪ͨȼ
˵ͷ
£ʣʲôĵ¶𣿡
겻ǽһ㣬ʦ𣬺ʦһϦˣЩʧˡ
ؾ޲̫ԶҲյʱ䣬ֻҪǴ˳ôǸϵϻꡣ
˳ġ
ǵһ˵˳ˣЦȻ˳Ҳسüչˡ
Сġšһ
̧֣Ȼϸһɫ
ϴħԨûͳȥһΣܲٻҰɣ
ۣЩģǺܸӣܺÿ
ǵȻֱġɵ˵ҵҪʲôлң
룬Ȼıһ£Щܣ˰ɣ
С˵ҿʦֽϵӺƯұ༸ɡʦֵģҶҪ
һ͹Ǻˣţ˵á
ǵȴҾ͵ŽҶ˰
Ӧá
ȣѩս˻˵ڶձҪǰˡ
ʱٵ˲֪ҪģЩġ
ȼ֪ͬУļˣȻĵ˵ʦģһʦ鷳ģ

ٱʱĿͱʦǣϵıƵЩء
С壬ô˰ŪúƵģʾοסֻ˶˵
ЦЦ˵
ʱ½Ȼټʱ˵
ֻףû˵
ȵ˵ӰʧԶʣʱ˲뿪

һУվ¸½
½ΪĴڶĿ֪꣬ƬɽӺܿͽ½塣
Ҳ֪õ
վǰ飬ȴĸоս
ʲȻֻŬתע㣬ǵϺˡ
汻תע¿ȥտ峺ĴѾѪȾһƬ
ǱˡڽˮУҲˮ
ĽڵͿ֮У֮
ɱϺҲɱ
·ֹ
Ҫӿٶˡ
򣬻иɺ
һ·ԼĪҵʱ䣬ڿ½أĿȥƬƶȻһͷȴѹѹļˡ
Ƭصֵϴ½ݣڶ࣬ƬƶأȻǲ档ԣǲŽĿתƵ˴½ǰһ壬֪֮٣˵ôġ
л񣺡Ҳ챾ǵأ
һȻħҲ뽫½ΪС
Ŀл
㲻ϲ
ǵˣ㵽Ϊֹ
֪룬鸮ó΢΢̧֣öɢӨ׹â㸡Ƭصĸ߿ա
ҪģǵȣȷӡƬس׸ǡ֮ǰǲκһӳȥ
ĻӣҲֻϺһ·ߣҪϺ
ǷӡĹ𣿡ȼ̧ͷһʵε˵
򶨶ŵĻأṻġ
ʦ㣬ЩǲǺܿͻӡĴڣȻĴӴ̲ܰסʡ
ᡣҪغϺؿһ
Ƭд½ݵĴСҲǴ½֮ԵȵӡƬأҲҪյʱ䡣
ڵڶյʱ򣬺ֻ֪ӶڲͷĲԾҲܵصˡ
ȥΪɱҲΪ롣
⼸գעѪɱ¾
ȼ˾Ǵ½϶ǿߣʱڽϺصܲ͸磬Ҳʬ壬Ѫѳɺӣͷƶյյô۶Ŀ
ʵȻѷһĺãΣն˹ȥΣȼţûʲô¡
Ų֮ĲɣǿľüΣһûüĨ˲ӵĴӵǾϲ
㡭
һ̧֣ɫһ㿪һѪ·Ȼת˲Ƶߡ
Ĳ
šӦһ䣺ҸǷĸǾβ˵βоӵз񡢾βѪĺ꣬ȻҲ˲֮
̾ѣʵҲôȵ˺ӣ˵Ҳǲ֮
ÿࡣ
ǱߵȼŶʱ˻˵ˣ̲סǳһרӭУ
һչȥ
ģЩҲǰ·ҪƵˣǰģ޼
Ҳ˴ϢĻᡣ
ȵգһյʱ򣬷ӡԽǿ忪ʼŴ
ȳֽ˲ѵ֣һͶ뵽ս֮С
ΪʶǴ˴޷ͻƣôҲûлˣҲپǣӵϣƱҪƴһѪ·
ǳ׼˷رǷһӵϣȼѹֻǿ֧š
Ҳ˲ǱߣΪҲ忪ʼŻٻͷյòԽ¡
ԭأӲסء
ǿ˲Լͬת֮ϵ
ѪȾӰ̼㱻ѹѹ帲ǡ
뿪ֻܲĺ
ŸոպһҽС
ȥһѪȼ§ļ١
ͬʱ֮ϱǿҵĺڰ׹â֯һӵмΪǿ
˵㣬ˣ
ӦȼȥȻǺ御𿪣Ӱ磬Աߡ
ѪѪȾҰ׵ĿڿʵյħƻӳЩɲ
Цݣǰһ㣬ˣ
㶵Ƭؿȥ
ԶʬɽѪѪɺӣ˿̱һƬ
壬ӡˡ
ǰϵѪҵӵס
ţһʱҲ鲻Խı۾Ƭ̵´档
ֻ´ܿ챻ϡ
ˣȼе˵˵̫ˡ
Ϊŵرӡˮ֮ϡ
ʱԶһСĵ죬ȥšĿԶ˵ҿһۣķ羰
ȼŭûأ
ôͽ˵أǸĹΡȫȻ˴ǰ⣬ʱ޹˼ɵķȼ
ˣȹȥ
˺ܿСš
Ǵ󶼶һЩ֮᪻ȼִ鸮ֹѪҩ׵ɴ˿ڡ
ۣ޵ǲҪˣ
Ϲ˵
Ȼ˵Ҫֻʣһʽˡ
ȼ˵
һۡ
㣿
Ϊֻ֮Ҫ㽫ҵг룬ҵ꣬ٽ߲֮ڣôػһһ˵
û˵ΪΪʲôҪ˵һ
ʣҪô
˵˵ʲôЩգЩֲ㣬䡣
ΣЦˡ
ӹеǶξ顪Ȼ֪˵һ顣
һ
Ŀ
˵βͨ죺ܶجΡ
ģɱҵΡ
յ֪Ƕʱ䡣
ڣجûˡ
Ȼûɵԣ˴𰸡
˵ţĴϡ
񵱳ħԨѪɽһ㣬־
ȼĿɿڴæסŵǿ޵۾
˫˼䣬ɬᣬʶ뿪ĴȻᡣ
㣬ʲô˰
ȻΪڱ˶ҲټΡҪˡ
䣬ضȻɫԭյɲǼĺһƬڵĻ֮ϣԼаɫĹâ˸
Ծĳʲô
췣صĲᣬȻѿ֣ΪƣѣǶˡ
µʲô׵ģҲʶ췣ǳġ
ԭûн
յİɫԽԽʶʱ䲻ֻ࣬һʱ䣬˵仰
Ҽǵ˵ǵһ
ӦǶԵȵģǵһҵУҲǵһ
ˣûѡ·һ̫ΰˣһУΪʲôΪʲôɱ¾ֻΪ
Ϊһֱǵϧ·õġ
ԣڡ
һжԼѡ
֪ʱҹúܣΪ֪һȴòӲͷƤȥ
췣£ҷһĸо
ǣ᲻㡣
ǵĶקİɫңУҪҡ
ȥ
ҸĻȥ
ҵһݡ
òӣҲҪ
ˡ
㶵롣
ˡ
ΪʲôһˣƽˣʱҪ
ƵһߣȻֳֳͷѿĲ˹ȥ
һŻ׹Ю޾⣬ӭĳ
󣬺ģǱˤ¡
һɫס
˵Ŀڿн㡣

ڵϣ³һѪǱ
һѪµŮŰɫ׵ڰУȹ쪶Լɼ׵Ӱ֯ǷҲǾβǺβȴһֻ˰β
ĵڵϣֻ۾
ֳֻݱӭס
׻Ļݱ
׺ݺݵϡ
İɫգһɢ
ֻʣڰУһΪһ볯޷ȥһǷƬӡǵأ÷ӡӼ᲻ɴݡ
һжֻڵʯ֮䡣
ȼδüӦǺųƲŮˣ׾ٵı㱻Ĩɱˡ
֧ӣŸϵ˿ڣЩ죺ȼ磬ҡ
ȼСĵĽ˵һβͻһ
ۿʦ㡭
˲ԼͬĿǱվվ˺ܾãͷգһܡ
ûôˣߵԱߣС˵ʦ֣һ㣬ʦһģ
û
סӣ䣺
侲侲ȼס˵
վˣȼ£СȷһСһ˲ĺƽ٣δ
ȼ˷˵Ǿ仰˼

ڣվ˺ܾá
ƭҡ

ʦ
㲻

һһ䣬ںƭԼ
Ѫ˫ɬûһᡣ
룬Ѿƭˣο϶ҲǼٵġ
ȻǼٵģΪʲôҪģ
һֱϲֶΣ

أ;޵ʱ򿴼һֱݣǷݣڱ޸
ڵţޱԽݡ
ݺʧˡ
ʱȻ̫ƽ
ѶȼΪת
˶ûµˣȴƫƫˡ
ʦǺȻǰãһ̬Ҫ޸Ĺϵ
˵Ҳأ
ҾǣӵеģٶһЩ
գʱ΢΢ס΢βϦ쵽ˣǵȥҡʦܣһͬԲ
ˣҸƨôСİҪȥ
ٺҵĲ۾ȻŲæ뿪

ѳʣµıˡħķˣɳ˴ħħʼδΪ
գǧʱⶵתת仹ǻָ㶦״̬һͬڴ½֮ϡ
һȦջǻصԭ㣬һʺԭ㡣
̸пչ˳ݣȵһг䶨ǳϦһա
ʱص֮ҵҷ
ѻ˵յѪ£ŵĺɫһƬ֮УãȻ
ʱ˹ȥƽ޲Ϧˡ
СҴȥǳԲ
ʦܡ
֣ٿĿʱ񣺡ˣ
ˡʱ
ɫ
ʱŵ֪ǰС嵥˵ʲô֪͸ߡ
˵˺ʱתȥ
룬̧Ÿϡ
ѻȻһ£ǵǷСԺɫſŵȴһ԰ɫĵΪ˶ĵҵؼҵ·
ɫĵΪ壬̤Ժһء
ůڣ˵ůڣԵܰʵ
ʼڡ
ѵĿһۣϲŭ¡
ʱҲСϣġ

ΪĲңֵķΧҲЩȣڵ˶ʳ֪ζ
ǺЩƣŷȴˣԱߣļ򣬿ʼ˵ʱ˵ʲô
˵Ҫǰ㵱ˣٹ¼ŵ˵ӵе̫٣ӵеĶһЩһЩ
Ҹ
ʼʣԣúõĻŰɣҪС塣
ǵ˰ɣ

ã㲵šһ
ۿˡ

ղ֪ʱըһһĻۿŵԺУ̻㲵
ϵħʱȥҲָɫʡ
ǣġ
Ȼ˷ԲʱЩ
Ϊô࣬ԭ󣬶Ƕĵ
̲סĿϡ
Ƕһʼķۣ۵ڣѾľˡ
һӲ
óһɫҡ
󽻵ģ˵
ôأ
ҰΨһĹⰡ
ң˸ɫǹģǹѾڵˣճģɢ۵ζ
ȻĪ뵽ǰʱоȳʱΪ˺ƭҲһǡ
ʱĳɼ
ǿҲڵˣǹһ
ƺעӵۡ
Ҳסۡ
յĻֹֻ谵ģѾǴۿеĵĹʪ
ʶزˡ
ζͬɢҷԶģʧȥ
Ҫš
Ϊϣš
ԣҪĶȹ¼ŵʱ⣬ɱ¾Ը
ȥҸĻȥһݡ
Ϊη¼š


120 ֣£
ħԨ
һѪ²֪ʱȥĨɫ, Գ͵ԣƬԭڰ޹Ĵء
ů
ϲġ
Ȼһһȥʱˮ¹ڣǰ, תһ꺮
Ʈűѩ, ļͷ, վ, ȥĹϵļƬѩ
ָʯԿš, ʯΨǴ⻬ƽҲ֪¶ҹҹ, ĦǷ·ֶٱ顣
㡭͵͵ૣŽ¹ڣħԨ㲻Ұɣ
˻Ӧ
ȻѾܶˡ
, 
¹ڣ, ħ𰻨, Ƭ¼ŵء
ԽƬħ𰻨, زԶСľ, һɫӰľ⡣
ʱ
Щ, ʦʦ̷, ǰŷҲ뿪˴½죬Ҳֻʣʱ
ʱ˵𡣡
ЩͬǼĹϵҲЩôţܹúõ˵˵, ÿһĳϦҹҲһ, һԲ
ϵʦҲҪô
ʱƬ½Ҳ뿪
ǰΪʵʱʱȫ޲, ȫ޸ˡ
ŵԣĺܶ꣬ҽ֮ͣУ޴£Ҳٳˡ
Ϊβʡ
ʱҡҡͷ־ڴˣҵĹޡ
㣬Ƭ½̫ͣʱˣҲ÷ȥߵĵط
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ʱһ˹¼ŵħԨ룬˵ɡ٣ȥΪС壬һδıĸס
һ
ҺʹʦСĸױǾ֮
⣬飬ҲδȫŪΪδڡСȥ
ʱɡ
˫ȭԾĽס
ˡ
ҲԾڴˡʱֽסһƬѩ˵꣬ұ㲻ˡǡ
ס
ʱתһϮ˫
Ȼʦ֡
ʱŲס
ǧǰҳأǸȷһüˣҲͬлĿ⣬Ե±Թ
Щżеļμ棬ףΪǰλʦˡ
Ϊֳֵá

սȥתǴů¹ڣǰħ𰻨ħ𰻨ˣѾ˸ߵĵط
챻һƬơ
ʱĿȥһƬŵİɫһ£֮롣
Ǿ졣
Ҳǡĵطô
ɬĴǣ޲˶ģһɱĲ
ͬʱæŰΧΪ׵ɽĿħˣ
ħ磿
˴½֮ϣħô
ǰһ
׷ˣƺΪɵ
һһǰߣΡơ
һһԽԽǱӡļҲع顣

һƬ类֮ʱͶħ硣ħ磬ħ磬ϲΪɵĹ
˲֪ٸͷżȻʶ˾֮ϵ˾
˾Ͼʱ߻дһЩΪǵĻӣǻ磬ֻǾϵǶɽٵȥ
Ȥ˸ӣȻ˾дɵָĳ֡Ͼ뵱·˼ףʲôǱֻǴɡ
֮⻰ӵ硣
Ǳ磬Ůǰɽٵ硣
ԣȴֲ
ƬΪƵĴ½֮ϣһʱ⣬ҲֻǾϵһʱˡǸˣҲǹͲǡ
Ǹе˼ǧ꣬ģħļ䣬ƫƫǸһмǵ
Ŵħڣ˾ͷ۲ѣ£æĵǸҹңңʱǱδ㴳˽ȥֻܴǸ㿪ʼһǺüʮ졭ޣüǧ꣡ԲŻ
ģģļϣЩ¶Ҷǵãÿһ׮׮Ľ׼
ü۱䣺뻰ʱ˵ֻ뻻طˡΪƫҪŮҪҡɱ
籾Ч˾ΣŮǰöɽٻΪҹһ鷳ˡŮҲǣʹǸء
˾֮дµĻ磬󶼽ͨ磬ûе˳Ϊʵŵˡ
˾£˵ǵôԸʱô˵Ļǵô
ޱĿֽճȭǽڿ֨졣
ðɣҳϣҹġռ˴ɫܲʲô¶ɰɣ㲻Ҿôȥдɰš

˾ʹ̾ΪһЩԭǸľ鲢δ趨õߣѾòˡŮڲŶɽٹ
ʲôԭ򣿡
ھ鿪ʼǰʼδһֻˣǡұ¶񶾴ʦĸס֪֮ѣȴӲѾǸ͡˾ҧҧ˵ܵ͵ҵĻܳҵϣܳϺ󣬱㽫ǱͶǸ磬Ǳ鱻ŮõҲ͵Ǹı
Ŀһת㿴һص֮ϣɢӨ׹â飬Ǳǡ顣
˾Ǹ룬ҪĻӦž˵ΪŮӹˣЦҴԳһ׹أ׸ı䣿Ƕ񶾴ʦ㣬˿ҲͱĨɱˣ
˾βδ£ͼٿߣȻסĲ
ɱôɱˡҵĽ㡣
ڹȥ֮УȻȻѡڣΪڣ
ʲô㣿ҵͶû˭ܵ㡭ȣ˴ˣˡ
ޱսָɱѽ㻹ңұһ򡭡һССˣˣˡ
һ
˾ڵϣþòŻȻ̽ʣ˭
ʱüۼ両˾Ŀɿڴᡣ


˾˵˵ģòǸĨɱɣ
Ĩɱġ
ǱңҲƲ˰
ٷϻ˻ǽ
ɽɣһɢˣҪô㽻
߽˾ʲôʱҽˣͽɡ
𣡡˾һվҸ취ҿ϶
ʱ䡣
˾Ѱ˼ҸΪһ죬Ϊ繶һʱ䡣
䣺ϵʱ䣬Ϊ֮
ȥ
˾ᡣ
군ˡ
뿪˾ĸ֮ۡͣȥѰĸף˾еķ񣬶Ѱݡ
˾˵ѰΪ˾ĽɣᵽڤĻȪ·ֻȥˡ
˾ָ·һ·У·ߵһ룬ͿһϤӰ
ԭûģҲˣʦܡ
ʦ֡
ŷѾһʱˣ֪ͨ˷
ʵʲôʱģ
ղš
ŷһ㶣ʹأ
ҲҪʹɴ˵Ҫȥһڤ磬ǡ
ͬ·ŷ˵һ߰ɡ
šüһ䣺ȥڤʲô
ǰڴ½û취ȥڤ磬ڿͨȥڤ磬ȥѰҵĸĸˡ
Ŷ
һŷ̲ס˵һ׮ѵ飺ʦܣ֪ԭ磬ǽ˾һִ죡

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ʱڤ硣
ڱ˰СԵĴϣһ˫͸ȻΰΣóôʱ䣬Ѿúܲͷˡ
أžȥ㸸ֻȥĳ߽űߵĴ
Ʈð䵽ϣҲȥ
أ˵Сʱڤ磬ǳڤ磬㣬ҲȷΪŮ˺ܶˡС°
ͷԼӸ½ǰ͸壬˵ûֻСأȥˣҪҵġ
Ǹľ֮󣬶Ѱݱ͵͵ĽشӴ½ӵڤɾµˡ
ǵһ׸û˺۾һƬĺɫϳˣڤ硣
ҷˣΪλڤأ
ʶԱ߿ȥͼЦĿּѽС꣬ǺԵŶ
ȫ͸ãȻĿ
ڵ㽻ǵƲл꣬վʱڣ޷뿪ڤˣҪڤʵ꣬ŷɻ󲻽⣬صؽ͵
üͷλǰˡδѣ
ɲǰشȻָָԶԵˡ
ƫͷȥʶһ㡣
˭ʡ
ȥ
ˣҹȥʲô
Σŷ˵ѰݣСô꣬Ǹ֧ˣҲٶˡԸŮ¼˲ɣ
ŮûгеӯֻһƬƽӲΡ
Ѱվţƽ֣δѾңл
ӦõġѰæ˵ȻεĲ䣺׵ģģҲֻЩˡ
Ѿˡԭһֱĵıʲô֪أô֪һ
һ£Ҳرܻŷ棬Ѱݱ㽫ġ֪ģ
ôˣҿҪܶھδǰҲϡ
⣬ΪѾˡ侲˵
Ѱһҡһ
ﻹߵʲôʱȥ
ڣھȥѰ˵
濴Ѱ뿪֮󣬲˵Թ㸸ף
ҡҡͷҸмϾǷҵģȴܹΪȡ飬Ըᵽڤ硣
С꣬ܲܰԼһŮε˵
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