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1

ԱҵĹԹԣѣҪ˯ˡ
㣬㣬Եˣʯͷĵԡ
Ժ˽ԼʶأֻһһС
ڴ˫ֽ߬Լ֣Сİڴߣ۶գĶԼ
ҵĹԱˣ˾ͺã˾ͺá
˵һֲִֻڵĴĶͷĻֱ¶ȡ
ˣԱˣ
˪ǴȰ뱧ŷι˼ˮȻ£¶ڱҲرӣҴñǣĶͷſŵС
ʯͷ㣬үүȥԡ
ͷЦеĳŮ˿
Աܾ˯ᣬүүȥóԵġ
˴ȰĿµ˵ͷ˳ȥ
˭ģôˣһʺŵһ˫Сְˡ
㲻ҪòãʯͷɻԣԣҲүүԡ
״εͯͯֻϣж
СкĻͷԣԲĴ۾档һϴķ׵Ŀɫ·ĴϣĪֿɰ
һѪںϲ¡
ķ˸ۣ˭˵Ҫˣ˵˵
ʲôط
ܵܣСĵܵܣ
үүԼүүҲǸүүɣ
ӻңǿװ򶨡
Ǵ˰ɣ
һΣҪ۵ķʽԣ
۱ۣ۱ۡȻŴϡսŻ˴ߵС
۾ǲջˣôϷۣ㣬ܿʯͷ㣬㡭
һ˫Сץµĸ첲һҡΣֱҡԴΡ
۾õĲٺˣ۽ǵһʺӲļһ˿΢ЦСһ
û£ʯͷҪġ
ǽղŷˣ˺ܶأ
㲻Ƿۣǿ۾ûջڲǺСʯͷҪģ㶼ˡ
õģҪ˵һ㿴ģһġ
лл㰡ʯͷܵܣǵģǴСǿССǿ˭
õģҪٲһСʯͷģҪСʯͷŽȥ򡣡
õģҪԹԳҩҪú֪𣿡
۽ǳ˳顣
һԹСʯͷĻ
ʳ¯ĵܵܣĵͷش
ǰǸǹԼСܹܵԼͲܷŮ
ۼİ䳱ˮӿһһ۵ԴҪըˡ
͵ʹԭСо
һİ磬İĹȣǰʮˮƽֺʮͬӦƽʱհɣ
УԭүүҲǸղŵﱣμӹսˡŵʱֻԭϷϼҰ
ϼλϷ۰صô塣
ʱ׳ھ˼ҲӸȻصϼҡ
һֱ꣬ǰյӾĵ籨ΨһĶӣҲԭİְｨϢַӵĺ£þһУŻججĶϱֻСӻصϼҡ
һĻһֵܣ·ŵ½үӺϰ졣
ϱСصϼҺ˰꣬ҲֶȥˡʣһСԭˣܰæܵܡ
һһ꣬ԭҲΪûˣͳִ28ͬͬյ
ʮʮ굽׬أ׬أ
ִүүһλݵϽְǺܳɹˣҲԼҵ
⹫ҽŹ㣬ֻһӡ磬̳үүҵְ־̣ܳɫ
ΪСΨһŮСǧгλ˸ԽǴ˵б˼ҵĺӡ
ʮѧҵûйһֱϺĶУԭΪиܡ
ʮ꣬үү鷿ҵһ֪ʲôϵӣʱ֪ӴмϿпյ滹һϸСӣֺּĸоүү˵͸
оӵʱС֣ϸСǸӷ˳Ѫ˿˽ȥĸоԣӦѪҺʱŷˣȫˣֻѵĸδܵĴԣǿҵʹ˹ȥ
εһɾĵطºɫϳ滨ݣԶһʮĶҩŸҩҩͻΧŸ˵ˮкöҶʶƷ֡


2

ĿռһͷдĵضšԶĸɽɽ峺ĺԶһֻš
Σ˾ͺã
ڶżȥҽԺ飬ûκëǳҲûκҺüҽԺļһ
üʶӵһռ䡣ǵģǴ˵еĿռ䣬ô±ˣ˹ʺˣ֮رϲ
ʮ꿪ʼĿռʹˣ˸ˮ߲ˡʳҩȣֵĶֲ֡ıֿ࣬ռҲ󣬿ռֲĸ˿ռɽ
һʲôĩĩ֮ģ붼£˵ռôĴڶˣһжпܷ
ͶڻĶڻ
Եġġõģõ뵽Ķ
ﲻȱǮӵвʲͰǮʣ꣬ĩҲûֹͣ˷ڻ
Ƕڻһϰߣбռ䣬ĥͷֿռ䲻ͬܡ
ÿռĺöѼ˵Ķܺãλˣһʮʮꡣ
үүϵľȫãЧʵھˡȻֳĬûʹ
һεɳĮУɳΣʱռ䣬ߵķֿռʧ飬ôɳˡ
ٴͳڴϵСѾͷҲעİɣռ䶼ܴڣʲôܵأ
֮֮Ժʮˡ
ڼˣǶúõģÿγŶö˵ɳʬ嶼ҲҲȥԶĵطˡ
ԶһӶزȥĵط
ͻȻſڵ˵˼
Ѿͷûղˣ
ˣѹźöˣ½ӽ
˾ͺãˣúͺãϸ磬ӳԶû
ûأõĵһ棬ҹԱ
˵үӾͶʳ½үӺϰ飬λ˾òͦãڴүտ׶ȽϺƣӹĻ
Աˣ˰ɣүү滹еԵ㣬ԱõĿ졣
Ȱҵүүˣ롣
үүõģҺöˣүүˡ
úúãҵĹԱ˾ͺãүүۣһ㶼ۣȳԡ
½үүã̺á
Ժӣ˾ͺãȳԷ˵Һ½үү㣬Ǿͷˡ
˼棬ûûʲôθˡ
½û뿪ˣ½үڣүֹеǡ
ԱôԵ㣬ǲүүĲóԣʲôүү¸󡣡
үүóˣûʲôθڣԲˡүүСʯͷ԰ɣҶٳԣүүһ˸ϽԷɣչҷûأСʯͷأ
үȰЦſϵ
үүۣүүˣԱٸµģʯͷأ㲻õġ
ڴ߰ʣµ꣬˯£ʣµ뵰ȥˡ
֪óԣҪȥСʯͷ
ѷǳе£үӵݽ͹ҸĲĺܺãûǶŶӣүŮⷽԲǳġ
͵Ա˵ݳʳҲǾԵģôǶһݡ
ŹرյţŸھþûж֪ǶϢˣ˿ռ䡣
ռ䵽ﻨ㣬ֲŸֵũ˵ˮ͸ҩſռһУڷˣռھͺá
󱭵ȪˮȪˮĹܺǿ壬βܺãҩʱȪˮҩЧرá
Ϊ˰ȫÿҩȪˮϡ͹ģЧ̫죬鷳
ռé®䷿һøҩƷԼƵĵҩҩڿռ鷿ѧģ˸쵤ҩûƣֻҪܴķӣٶƣЧʵھˡ
Ҳ굽еĳɹ
һЩҪҩĿռﶼˡ
ҩ鷿ķ䣬ⷿ
һרŷŴĺõģ·ϣƷһʳʳʳʳƷɵȵȣһһš
һŸӺ͸ֹߣЩ⼸߶ڵĻȥԭĺöûӡκαʶڵġޡƷ
ռĸʳˮڿռɽȻɽʷֿš
ԭΪĩ׼һУҲãⶼԺ汣ϡ
ժһƻڳֲ꣬鿴˺ӶֳĶĶܺãǼݣѼǣѼ
Щȥúõϴ˸衣
žڵĳ࣬ͷţϴС˵ģһ˫ɾ۾ھ˫۲Сֺ͸һ˿غЩУԲͦɰСͷ²԰׵Դ΢Цһϲ
СʱӣΨһͬʰɣ
СʱţֹۣǡŮǿ졣
󻷾Ӱ죬òǿ죬̾
ǰԺÿһǿֵչ˺ڵүү͵ܵܣúȥǷҲһﰵ룬Ȼоȫɣ֪С뿪ˡ
ռ䣬һ˯
Ժ춯֪үˣоˣͶ㣬ûŹʹÿҲҪȥϰ칤
ﶼˣүӰŵĶʡĻơ

3

ʰ׵߳ţĳ˿˿ԶɽдС
ʵĿԴʱѡ
˾ԱöˣվſڵЦݵĹĶŮ˺۰ԭеĴȰСʯͷ
Աôô磿õûĲ䣬ȥůţүүóԵġ
һĹлůĶǶŮ۰
үүģҶˣҴĶ಻䣬Ҹүүæ
˾ͺãҵĹԱˣүүⲻҪæȥʯͷû³Էˡ
˵ֽ˳
ԺӺܴϣм߸䣬䣬ʳ
үӺСʯͷסұߵĵһ䣬ԭסڶ䣬ų
ţүԭ½үүסڼģ½үӾܾˣ˵·žҪ·ŵӣסⲻʣһҲǣүӣڸڵԺסˡ
ȥ˼ҷûʲôҾߣұǸľͷ¹¹Ǹ񣬿ɫЩͷˣͼһӡ
ԭͱүӴߣصϼңԭүһסֱŰȥԼס
򵥸ɾ߿ǽĵطһϴͷһСβһӡ
ԭ˯ĴϣСʯͷڵӣССһţڴӿɰĲˡ
񣬺ܹġ
㣬𣿻𣿡
ôɰֶµСĵܵܣۡ
ڸĸ䣬ȴĳůѧ˼ǿ˶ô˲أԺú۰չ
СʯͷϺãллСʯͷģ㶼ˡСʯͷˣСʯͷˣһȥ緹үүˡ
ϺãϾͺˡ
̵һ߱͵ˣŵ룬һүӵġ
ʰộȥˮϴСϴǿɰСһڣС¶ߵı飬ֱˡС˺üڣ׵ͨ㱩ߡ
СʯͷôɰԺ츺ĸ˿־ͺãнأСʯͷүүСӲҪ̫࣬Ҫߵġ
үŮĻƵģԺӶĹԱТ˳
ħצСһⲻǸٽɣҲʣǹԹԵͷ
ֻ˵ӣ˰
ţҲҪˣʯͷ㣬үү
̫ˣҲ̫ˣıסС
õģСʯͷ̫ˣ֪չүүͽˣСʯͷүүСʯͷүүͽ㣬ô˵ˣԺʲôģ֪𣿡
Сʯͷüͷֵ˵ͷ
緹һС보һС̲˺ͺࡣ
򵥵ĳ緹үȥϹʣ
СʯͷҳһСӺһ֧ǦʣԺд֡
ڵӿռóǣһһԼԡ
ǹ¶ЦݣȻֻİ³ָСĵš
Сʯͷôˣǲó𣿲óԾͲҪˣǡ
óԣŸүүԡ
˲ᣬֻ£һǶСǶôջ󣡿ôСԿǶ֪үүöථ°ģٴ
ģԣүүˣ㿴
ĵǹڷĵĳԡ
ͷ
ģүүڼҵʱǲܳʲôүү㱣֤
ţҲ֤
һĳǹдֵСʲôøƼ״
ԭСүүų󣬴ֻۻûɹҲǻϴϴ·ɨ䣬տܵܣүһɲøɣҲԭɶ£ҪԲõģͱ軵ˡ
ȿ˵ɣʮ̫Сˣ
ȥĴ俴˿׷СҲͼӡһСװСҪĻҲһٵ¡С߹ŰСףĻǿܺȼΡ
ϷŰٷңţƤֽ㡣ڽҳѹ棬һС̳ͺͰ޲ͣҲҰɣ
СƿװһǣˣһСƿǵǶ㣬иǼп
Ŀǰ˵ѾܺˣϸǶѵõĺöЩ˼һҲԲһڡ
žģ̫ˣ
Щռףûó̫࣬´
СҲóһЩֻһ㣬̫֣
͵ãࡣǺͺǸװ˰ƿѿռСĺҲóһЩĲһ𣬵Ҳʲô
̫ٲҶȥҲֻ֣ˣ
ûİ취һ̫̫ˡ
Ȼְ̨ϵν׶ЩΣװ˴ӣΣ˵ǴεǺϸһƷʡ
ʱ׼
ͻ̨Ѳסϴģʶ࣬Ҳࡣ
ȥԺĲ˵˸ܲУ̫ˣҲûĲ˿ɳԣûûզ죿
ʹľǣв˿ǲҳԣ
죬ҪȥʲôҲãҲܽ˵߾ߡ
СʯͷȥժҰˣȥȥ
ڼҿţȽ㡣
СʯͷԣϾͻдһͿˣд̫ö۾֪𣿡
ţ֪ˡ
ǺõܵܣҪȥ˽һôף
С㣡
ҪСʯͷ̫񲻸ðգ
ᣡԵõ𣿶ҳԼĻ͵͵Ժô죿




4

ҹǻɽأһֱൽɽţҲû˼ңһҲ
ĴҲᶣӲҪ棬ΪɽܶҰޣ˲ˡ
үҲܺöΣ
ڲݴһЩĢռҲͬƷ֣ȷΧȫóһЩһִӿռóһЩṵ̂ģԺ˵
뵽ҪǴӿռ⣬ʲôҲѣ
ѼǼĲУţ¿УǲǣѵҪǣһͷȥ˵ģүӹƵôʧȥ
ҲǼ֪ܶһЩҰǮ֪
ɽǺɽҲʲôɽϼģޱʹ࣡
ѼⲻܣҲУҲû취ˣ
ⲻҳ̫ôʹ࣡
ҪͷҰҶ˵ͷŵ
ﰲοһԼ˵ĸΣ
񰡣ˣؼɣ
ʵߣ߼OO@@
ж
תһѽ
Լ죬˵ҰһˣǸһô죿
ԼʮԶҰϰɣⰡ
ԼֲǰھǸʮСѾͷ߰ɣ᲻ô⡣
ô죿Ǿֻȡˡ
ǰиһ׶ȻˮͻȻ뵽ʲôͿˡ
ʮ׿ҰҲͣ˽Ųܼܷͷе˰ɣ
Ŷ۲ԼҰӵڻӿռóƻһҧһڣζɢҰŵζǰ˼ͣˡ
һƻҰע£ѹӵҰˮϣһ
ҰЩˣֻǰȿʼٵء
ţ
ռƷĶûֿܵˣҰҲ⡣
ƻҧһֶȥҰˡ
ڵʹ߹ǰߣھˮ׵ĵطͣˡ
ҧһƻӵҰǰҧһˮ
һСƻ¾ͽûˣҲеζֻԥֱˮ߰һҲˣȻˮĹֱߺߡ
Ĵƻֱӹ˺һ
ҰˣǰȰڹߣ̫̣һͷȥ˸ԴС
ʱ˵ȥҰһֱͨҰû˶
һżһľ˴Ұȷˣһƨڹߣµؿڡ
ѽˡ
ùӰҰϵƻӵԶȻһʯͷҰȥ
һͨæġ
ٴȷΧȫӾܡ
һܻؼңԺүӣֻоԼ㡣
Աôˣǲǳˣ˵үүأµġ
ܽүӼæο
үүģǺ£ĵǱˮͷҰˣʯͷɣôһͷأүү취Ū
ʲôȥĵˣôΣôȥˣûˣүү
ү˵ŮСַš
үүû£ΣյҿɲɣҪúóҪչүүүүأ
ȻүŮĻȫ̹Цˡ
ҵĹԱТ˳ˣүүŹԱϡ
үүϽ취ȰҰŪҪ˰ˣܴһͷأ
ȥҵæһʰˡ
үүСʯͷȥУǿʲôȥ
Сʯͷȥˣүүҳӹߡ
үүҪ֪ǼͷҰ᲻ʲôã
ʱѵп⣬뷨˿϶УСĵ㡣ǹԱܵ
ˣүŮҲû˭ˡ˼Ҷ뵽˺
磬˶ڼԣûʲôˡ
緹඼Ϊʡԣ緹ҼһԵģֻҪСĵͺá
үӾˮˣҰŪˮҲͿˡ
壬ʯͷ˵£ʲô°
ĽʵũҺǣСʯͷˣ壬үӵֶ
еƽ֣Աүү·
õģүүҵ߰ɣСʯͷȥ𣿡
ţӲ¡
үүүүŮĺ
ҲȥҲµġ
ðɣСʯͷ˻զأǣŵܴܵ·ɣ
͵ˣͿˮĴһүӶϲѡ
壬Ǹһãһﶼܹˡ
·ϼ˵һҲ롣
˭ʮСҰÿ϶ˡ
ԱøˣҲţʰ޺ٲģҲܹꡣ
үӶ䣬Ҫ֪˻ַ졣
Щ˼Һü궼һڻȣ˵һͷˣòˡ
ҵ¹ãĸ˷˲ŰҰҰݣ̧Ұͻؼңһ·ϻûˡ
ֱŵԺģԼҵˣԵң

5

ԺһСʰһͷ׼
緹ûԣֱӵˡ
ʳͺȺ࣬峴ܲ˿Ģˡ
׼òϣȥԺһ
ڹӳ˸պã
ڹţпˮȻϴɾĹﵹͣȵ¹Գ΢ƣһռ׾ƣӴСͽͷζˮû⣬εζȻϹСͺá
ԺųƮζӶĸˡ
СʯͷšеĶӾܡ
պýҿǣζ˱ǣƵİͺ֭ֱˮ
֭е࣬˻ᡣ
Сʯͷѹָˡ
һǿɰСӣ
⻹ûõõһ£СʯͷҪȺһࣿ
ȣүүһԡ
СһᶨܶҲҪȴһ𿪷н
ˣҲ˾ȥԺ˳Է
үүҵ壬Էˣʰɣ
ãҹԱ̫ܸˣˣүүпڸˡ
ǹԣĺãֺãôТ˳壬͵ɣ
Ҿ͵ҹԱĸˡ
ҵʺƨүӵĿˣЦˣ˭֪үϡŮ
Ƥ˴סǣСʯͷϽ룬ְɣ
Сʯͷϴ֣֭ҲյĲˣȼпⴵιСʯͷĹĵС;ÿɰ
ζ𣿽յúòóԣ
˵һĵͷ
ԺŬСʯͷүү춼ԡ
ιһû˼ԣͺ
ٰ㳢û
ˣյĺܺóԡ
С
óԽոүүԡ
ϴлʢһ룬ʣµװһ롣
ˢɾСʯͷæջز˺ܿͳˡ
ں÷ˣүӺҵϴֽˡϺʳķˣүӴһӣԸȥˡ
ʯͷȥ½үү½̹Է
ʯͷܳȥˣүֿʼŮˡ
үүĹԱյıǹӪĴãž㡣
壬㻹˵ζͱǴĻã尡иˡ
ˣԺúúӦ޴ڵĿ佱ھĲʺƨҪȻԼ὾ġ
үүҪǺóԣԺүүԡ
óүүž֪ζãҹԱʲôóԡ
֪ζãš
ں˵꣬үȥҳ˰ƿ׾ƣ˵㣬ʣµûȥ
ͷҲϡɲ˭еĺȵġ
ǲҺȾưСоƺˣ
δɤŵ½үˣ̫̫СʯͷȺ˳
˵ʲôӰ⻹ˣôһ裿
㶼һ˻զϸԿⶼǣϹʲô
û£ӿ½ҶϰˡٷǽҹԱĹ⣬ǹԱҵģҲǹԱģҲմմ⡣
˶ˣүλҵұ½үӣ̫̫ϰ飬̫̫СʯͷڽԱߡ
ķˬܲ˿ʻĢ˵Ĵʹ׺࣬ǹԵĶûôá
½үү½̣ҵ壬ζô
˫ӳȥõŷŴİζû˵
Сʯͷ˼ͰָүҲ˼飬үӸ˵ı߳ԳŮ
յãܸɣ֪ļҵСӡ
ӶԵ㡣
½һ
ҵԼԣ
ĵ⣬үԶԣ͵û仰ͺȥˡ
½ү۽ֱ飬̫̫⿴
ҵֻ˴ڳ⣬æͷû̧һ¡
Сʯͷĳ⣬̧ͷ˿񣬺̫̫˼
úóķ
ܵܵͷָ˼⡣
̫ңԶˣʮ꣬أ
ϱû̸һ˶ĺܺãɣ
̸ʲôģֱ˷ʱ䡣
ʱ仹ôŪأ˶鷳
ĬĬ֪ļҵСӵ
మ⣬̫ˡ
ٷԵĴ͡
˶ˣ̫̫ʰ춼ˡ
ͷָˣүʵĸһҵʮңɰ˻ˡ
ָ½үһˣҲû¡
ںҵ۵ĹͷҪɢˡ廹̫ˣúú
һ⣬Ҳͷۡ
үүҪ˭ҷ𣿡
֣Լԡ
ôô죿
ԱҪģһûϵүүʰһԣʣµĶ⣬ż궼
ãҸүү֡
ҲҪæ
СʯͷʾҲǳзġ
úãæ˹ԡ
үӰⶼᵽôųġ
үӰҲȥϴɾ
æһУȥˮүݽţⷦ
ֵˮϡ͹ĿռȪˮһһСȣһ˸ɾ
үŮϽȥϢۻıŮˡ
ط䣬һ˸ڵĺۻˡ
пռȪˮ˯þ
˿ռ䣬һȪˮ˵ˮȻ˸Ȫˮ衣ɫöˣƤҲ۲٣״̬
ԼںȵȪˮϡ͹ģҪȪˮЧ̫졣һ±仯̫˻ɣģһһҲգȫ

6

үæµţСʯͷæջ˵һ
үӿŮڣڿο
Աۻˣô˯᣿緹үүأ
˾˯ˣүүСʯͷ˯ĺ𣿡
үүһЩͶû˯ôȹȫ̹
㣬Ҳ˯úã˾ˣ˯ú𣿡
˯ˣүү
үү緹ʲôɣ
үүˣԱȥϴϾͺá
ϴү඼ʢˣ͵ˡ
һС̳һС⳴ˣСࡣ
ճСˬڵˣһڼҪ̫óԡ
үү𣿡
үүȥϣҪٵϵģԱҪҪȥ
æүүȥɣͲȥˣôû˿ŲУҺСʯͷڼҿš
ǹԱܵǺүүȥϣóԵġ
үү߰ɡˢȥءó緹
ˢ緹үүСӼҼҵ˳ߡ
үүġһһ£ٳˣ㷹ͺˣ۵ġ˵˴һĺӶµظɻˣҲүүҲøɻǰСû취ڴһ㣬үүͲôˡ
үԾ˵ⷬ
ǰȷࡣ
Ӷϱ˫˫˱ܴʹŮŮҲһְο
үҲʹţŮĻ˺ۿٿ۶ֵˡ
ҵĹԱ̫ˣүүСްүүֻҪҵĹԱʲôۣԺ˵ŹԱүүأ
Ҳүү
ӵСʯͷҲ̬ˣҲТ˳ĺúӡ㲻СްҲǼСסģͲ֪ˡ
ţҳСүүΣͬķ羰Բͬʳүү߱ϱүү͵ɣ
ΪСϹ˵Ƕ˵̫ˣⱲҲôġ
ŴһΣҲܺãа
ͼ࣬˼ҵĳŵ
úúãүү͵һ졣
ү鱶ãǱƽʱһࡣ극Ÿ裬гȥˡ
緹СʯͷԾȥдˣȥԺ˵
Ȧֻĸһֻֻĸֲڳûµĵ϶ˣһҲܲ¡
ûռľͲó
˵һСУܲаײˣϡϡżܹ߲ˣҪŻԶûû
ŴУһŰײˣȥϴɾ
дֵСʯͷιһǣһţﻹţ
үүģûүү
СʯͷǺó𣿡
һЦݵ
СʯͷʵĵͷĺóԣúӲѡ
ÿ춼ǳԣİ˸ǺͳԵĶҪ֪ЩרƭСĻˣҪǳǸĶͻ˯ţȻǻߣҲүүͽˣס𣿡
סˣүүĳԣ˵ĶҪ
ԣСʯͷ̫ˣ
һ޿Сʯͷٶˡ
Ұ¼үȥĵأСʯͷල
ԵСʯͷ컹ĵؿ
мСʯͷæСʯͷﲻ㡣
ûô޳ܵĽ㣬ĵܵڿӣҲû˭ˣ
ʲô£
˵𲻴ӦɣСôѲĺ
һСС£˵ﲻ㣿
ȥĵؾͰ
ѪҾȥĵء
ССôզأһӶ
ɽȥĵذĢóԣȥһЩ糴ԣܺóԵģүүҲԡүүﳵ϶ۻˣĢ⣬Ģɲˡ
СԥˣɱˡҧҧץСһֻС֣ҡҡ
СʯͷˣʹӦɣ˺òãСʯͷˣһ¾ͻòá
СһãȻ⻹ҽ
áû취ɨ񣬰ĵͷˡ
̫ˣڲٵһأ񶼼
Ͻţһ·ߵˮϣҪҪȥȥɽϿ
׼ȥʲô
ϸҰ
ûҰġߺߡ
ҰڸҪȥ
ԥռʧ鵼Լ»ء
֪һ¿ռ䣬ûκ⡣
Ǻսʤɣ½ռ䡣
ķԽԽС
ֱ
ҵүү찡ذ˹ʺ˰
ҰͷҰ
ŵЦŵϵҷɣҲ˿ҰҪǣ
ҰǺܽĶôڿأͷһһͶأһأ
벻ף
ԣ졭
ˮƻһƻζģûˡ
ռƻζģȻⶼ׵ĳԻΪڳԵҪ
ͷҰ϶ȫŪȥ̫ˡ
ϸ֪һ¸ͷҰĻûУȷϰȫ
ţͷսռ
пռƣõܡ
ÿֶֻضŸڿռôද

7

ͷ϶ŪȥŻ͵⡣
·ϵ
ûֱӵҰǵΣҲ±¶
ӣӿռóĢ˴ӣȻ񱼻ؼҡ
ܲҰǵأżˡ
ҰҪ֪뷨϶˵Ҳż治͵ƨҷ˰ɣ
һܽԺӣͼʯͷд֣ǹӣ
Сʯͷүү𣿡
ûУôˣǲִҰˡ
ҵСû뵽ô
Ұô࣬ôô
Ȼ㣬ȥſڵүү
ڴſڵˣҲܿûȥĵءΪҪȥĵر뾭ſڣſڵš
ûᣬԶԶͿгүӣǸˣǸ
үүŮ¾ͳ֡
Աô⣿ǵүү𣿡
ǵģڵүүǸϽȥɣ
үͣг¹ڳǰĶϽӹ̨ϡүСʯͷԱߵ̨ϣûүӿھȿڡ
үүм취
Աүүڱ£ʲô˵
үүǧ𼤶
үΪʲôˣһࡣ
Ա£үүأ
ûûʲôϵأүүˡ
үүģǺ£ҸոȥĵؼĢǱߵһͷҰűĻľˡ취Ūմһͷһͷ֪á
үӵ׼棬ȵţϵЦݻǳʱ顣
СʯͷһҾ֪ı飬Ǿ֪Ҳܿġ
ҵĹԱãֺҲҹԱϣ붼롣
ţҪүүĹͣ˭үүôõŮ
ҪҹԱã˭Ȳϡ
ǲˣʺƨûûˣҰء
Ұʾż
ϵСգͷɹһȺѻ
ССϰүүͽĻ䡣
һֻع⡣
үү˵ô죿˭æ
ҵ壬ʵʵ
үү˿ɲУҰ÷Ѵ
Ǿٽָ磬Ҳɿ
ʯͷȥҵָ磬˵үүҡ
ţ
ʯͷͷܳˡ
Ӻ͹ߣүæˮһ졣һˮϴ׳Ĳ̧ˮպÿ
壬ǲк°
ҵĴսүӣ쳢ͷⲻСʯͷһУĹˡ
ţһĺ¡
壬ƭҡ
ƭʲôó
壬ãк¼ֶӣϷģҾ󣬸ɻû⡣
ҵֿˣʮ⣬һٺ÷£ܹ꣬źҲܳԺõġ
Ҳмүӳִ󷽣кôǵ
үʯͷ˵˼£ʲô°
ſվŸʮ˾ĸ߸СӣǺ׳ʵŨüۣžͺֱүֶͬﱲ֡
ò˵үӿ˵۹ܶ
ˣл֡
ҵҲڰ
ţүæ
Աû
ˣүү߰ɣҵãָá
ãǶ¡
񣬸ǰˣ𣿡
үӺҵӹĹߣӣĵȥСջ𣬿ҡ
ҵӣҰûѡֻͷǰ棬棬Ҫһˡ
үӵһ˴˸ȦӹȥҰͷϣóӰæҰǰȺ棬һͷʹһҰεĸסˡ
үү
滰ûӿɸɲ
ǵõַԽԽö겻ˣˡ
үӻǻǰ£ǰˡ
үӺҵקʹֺºͳͷֱҰࡣǰ٣˺ôҰ
¹ߣĸ˺û¾̶ҰҲߺߡˣҲǰ
үٶɣ
࣬ЪᣬЪ˵̧һ
үүиˮӣҰϴϴ̧ȥɣô̧أؼϴҲ㡣
Ա˵ĶԣҹԱǡ
˵ûɣǴҲĺã˿϶гϢ
룬Ҳɣ಻˼
þǺá
ʹɣϰˡ
ҰϽˮϴɾ˺Ұ̧ؼҡΪ˰ȫҰǷ˺Ժ
۵ͷ󺹣ȥҵˮȣˮ˿ռȪˮҲûСּ˿ռǣԼҲʹĺ롣
壬ҵˮúȣ˽ֽⷦ˵֣
ţǺúȡ
úȾͶˣһˮ𣿼Ÿȵģƽʱ붼룬ĵ롣
ϷȱˮҼһǰݺСӾɽȪˮ͵ȡˮ
ҳԵǳߴɽɽȪˮ˻˵ҵˮúȡ
ÿȶûãôһ˵ǺúȡˮҪҹԱģζ𣬺úȡ
ү˰үŮϽУ˫Ĵڣûһ˿á
үõظоģ

8

үүⶼˣʰɣ
ãǹԱүүҲæţҪڸɲꡣ
ãǼ򵥳Ե㣬ٳ˸үүǲ
尡пڸˣϵĸˡ
ҵյĲˣζⱲӶˡкò˳ԣ֣ܲ˾֪ˡ
ʵĳջһ㣬Ǽ˿ռĶǾͲһˡ˵Կⶼѵ򵥵ִҳ㾫ϸˣ˭ˮǵѪĭӻ˵ôˣ˵óԳ̶ȿ֪
緹򵥳ԵǺøɻһһ£ʣµİ˳⣬ٳĢƬɡʳϵС໹һ룬ټӼС׺ͼһ㣬ϵһ͹ˡŶ꣬ʵġ
СϴƤҲ࣬˷ʳǴġСĺСһ¹
Сʯͷջһˣһ⣬ϴЩĢ׼׵˶͸ˣ³ȻģȻܺáֱӵˣ³ȻˢͣȷⷭŴн⵹Ģټһ㽴ͣ˳Ź߼һˮȻζϹһᣬζ
С඼һˣҨС׶ˣϵ൹һ
Сʯͷ˽үүǳԷɣ
Сʯͷȥˣ̲ˣʢ࣬СʯͷС롣
ϴɾ˼Сʯͷˡ
үүǶ˰ɣ˸Ͻԣҵ壬ָ綼ˣԷɡ
Ƕˣûི¾ͳԡ
ҵֻܴڳ⣬ֿϵ˺ǾȣүҵӺù˶֪Ҳֻûɿϵ˸Ƶģҹ궼ûôԹһ飬öⰡһԵⶼû࣬ү̫ۺˡ
һҲûնˣֻܳԡ
ǳûȥԺˣʰϳʲô
пϴõİײˣĢԺܲҲûˣȥ俴
ŸԼС컹ûء
Сʯͷǣճ극ٳԡ
Ҽס˽㡣
ССֹɣٳȥ棬СӦöȥСѽ
СʯͷٸǣȥʱõСԡ
ͳǸžǲ֣ҡҡͷ
ԣүүԡ
СС仹ͦ˰
Уүүϸǰһүү㲻ˡ
Ҫһһš
ǸСģ㿴

ȿȡûҭ
ðɣͲ˵㣬СС˻ͦиԡ
仹Щӱ϶һСѶүϴϴʱżԺ̨ϣСʯͷýġ
򿪣һСʮҵĴףһСĽۣϷСҲҲˣö˼Ҿ͹ܳԶʳӣƽʱͱˡһ°Ѷúá
Сʯͷ̫ˣ֪ʳ̫ˡ
˾ͿһۣʲôҲû˵佱ҲͦõģСͻװ
ҲûʲôģܲɣԼܲˣɽûʲôҰˣӡӣӣ񰡣
ǰдƬ֣ȥ
Ժһˮ˳ү˵һʹСʯͷȥ
ſһƬֱ֣һʮ׿ĺӣҲûʲô֡ô˳¡
סڴͷʮ໧˼ң˼˼ңĶ
ӶĴƬɽӱ߶ǴƬĵǳ£Ȼһ¾Ҫոˡ
ͷûһһӵķγķεģ˵ζҲ
Ҫô֪ô࣬ǰѧѧģִСѧϰҽЩֲ֪
̧һؼңڼſСżʮǰ仧ڴСͬ꣬еСԭôϲСﾭԭ
СѾͷûߣƫݷɫƫƣһӣӴǰݵСӵת´һͲǸʵֵġ
ֲү۰ŮСС;֪ˣҲǸС˾
棬ѽȥˣôԵǼֲȱԵģôˣҲȥˣûμ
ʮô˼һ仰ﶼƣ۱ȷúֲ࣬ԭ
û˳ԾͰε㣬ţƬǣؼöȥΰɣ
û£ȥΣġ
Сҽûʱ棬ôҪƤأȥұɡ
û£ҵæ꣬Һþöûˡ
춼ˣҽ첻棬ұ˰ɡ
һøжûУǰүӲڼҾſڸԭҪҪȣԭÿβƤҪ˵ԭǴ

9

ûſڵСԺֹϴš
鷳𣿽̧óҪԵİƤ
Сʯͷʲôˣ
СôͣûԵĲˡ
Ķԡ
ðɣʳޣܺ
ӸԺòã
С¿ˮͷ
𣿡
ᣬӣӳԣòã
á

һɿһ룬Լһ飬ιСһ顣
ó𣿡
óԣɿ
СǰھԹԲô˻ǵá
ջ
࣬˶Ͳ׷ˣ񱾴ոŹǵģˣ˵ʵڣŹԼҳԡ
ȥԺһ飬ժ˼׼
ϴʱѿռóƬĢĵбƬײ˰Ҷӷֿнⶼкã׼
ȳཷƬȻĢ⣬ƬƬײ˰ײҶӣ˺ܷʢˡ
Сʯͷȥˣںòˣ˾ͽˡ
ãɻһ˾ôһӡ
һֱСѾͷĺãӹԣǸŵĽŮڿ˼ǸбµĽŮ
ʮĺӸɻĶˣôһֺò˵ûУʮҲҲЩ˱ﻹ˵үӰŮۣԽΨһˣڿүûۡ
ҲǲѧóǶԵ㡣
ûûȾƣߺ߳ԲˣԵǽһ㡣
壬ⷹԵĽǰЩⶼҲˣǺǺǡ
ǷⰡ
үϱ˵Ե⼸ԵĶ࣬ɲǸ𣡡
ǶԵ㣬úòʡ˵Ƿǡ
һٷԵĹ뾻ûʣ
ڻҲĶüʮֱ̧䡣
ǻһѪ
үӴ󷽣Ҫ͸˶Ҫ˶⣬Ͷࡣ
Ұûôʣ󣬷Ҳ١һһʮҵ⣬ͻؼˡ
үӰ˿ռȪˮæһ쾫ҲܺãһóǣһŸүӣָСһţڡүҲģŮʲôͳʲô໰
үүŶҺСʯͷġ
ռжİװûûͼûڣרŴӳҶġޡƷ
ãүүװţҹԱ͹Т˳
үү񶼰ˣȥʰϽϴϴ˯ɣһˡˮˮϴаҸǵˮˡ
үүҹԱģҲ˯ɡ
ҿ˼ܺãһ¿ζôóԵûǾͶЩϾȡ
ǾԿүүȥЩ硣
Ͻϴ˯ܿ죬ξͺá
ǰȥΣƹǱߵرóԣѧˣǰҲζͦá涼ܼ򵥡
ϴɾˮȻڴΣβҪ̫࣬ȳһͺáȣװ̳ܷ⣬ʮҾܳˡ
ү綼˯ˣطţƶû˴Ȼռ䡣
ȥͷҰͷĸ״̬ȥ˼ѼüʮļѼʱȥϿȥһЩǮ
ʹʹϴ˸裬Լɫһһã⡣Ȫˮȥˡ
ϱڿռ鷿ҵһؼDDϾʮܳ񣬲˺ʱգȥһ档
ʮ꿪ʼѧϰֱʮһ㶼ûȻûֺ͸֪ǿҪôһ˵ΣʮĴڡ
޷ѣҪȱ
ִĻȾôأĻʲôռҲûϼصôŨ
оԼûʲôôŬҲܼѡҲûɣЩǴ˵ве£̫ңԶ˵ǿ壬Ա͹ˡ
ϸ֪嵽ﵤСȵģȫůġ
ܾãۣо۾˲٣ȫɣϱӸʺ
ռûа֣֮ʱҲûŪҪǿռûʱֱռֹͣмʱһɳ©ҲûáֻռСʱû仯ֻԼŹ㣬Сʱû̫ۡ
ȥҩóһŶ£ųʶ档ȥͲϵĲֿ⣬ܴ㣬үӺСʯͷҲסһߣһóȥ
ȻȥҩС˲ţֱҶãռбЧõĻỵ

10

ֿɳܵˣﰲֻСʯͷԺд֣үͳˡ
緹õ⡣
֮ǰȵζȻɹѬƣͽʱ䡣
Щ簡̾ү磬ү״̬
첻ţͷҰͣᡣ
ӦСʯͷӣ˵㻰
ⶼУߦ쿴һԭǰùģߦƤպáүһߦԡǰڱ涼ԣƫʳ
磬ʰһ¡
ԭǸڿСÿԼүӵʰĺܸɾ·Ҳϴĸɾүô۰
ʰүӵķ䣬ΰʺשذܸɾϵı룬ͷм˼ҺСʯͷ·඼ɾࡣ
ʵû컻·Ҫûô·ξ·ϴ׻
ʰȥʰԼӣʮƽ׵ķ䣬ұǸľͷ¹񣬰¹ǸС񣬰Ǹܣİԭһ꼶епα
Сѧ͵꼶СﶼСѧҵˣϳУֵѧУͣΣʲôʱ򿪿ζ֪үӾ˳һȫ׿αŮڼȿѧ
¹·࣬Ƕĺ롣ֿţºͿҲǸŸģ·ûһвģеĶϴķˣ˼ҰĲ
¹ĽиװɵӣСĶ
СĴ򿪺ӣŷ⣬ŷװƬϵ˻ﱧСķվеһ̵ľװߴ˧ŮĽƯԭһǰھյġ
ڶԭĸĸյġ
үӱԭյģһһСЦúܿġ
һȫҸǵСʯͷһ࣬ӴźӻϼүүӣԺĵġүţһСӣұŮվұߣϱվߡһ˳ĺܳɫϧ˷ǡ
ʣµŷһװһЩƱԭǰѧүӻǮƱʲôԼ򣬾¶Ůԭһûš
һŷǮһٶأ治٣ľǹˣһҲʮ࣬ϸָҲʮ࣬ⶥ˰깤ˣҲǸʡĺúӣ
үһˣݽʮ˿࣬⻹үӲԸھĴϸƱݲҲʮ࣬ԭҲСʲ
ЩѹǮƽʱүӸģÿүӶԭʮѹǮʮǮɲСĿү۶գ͸ԭʮˣЩǮԭԺſʼܵġ
ǮﲻţЩƱˣþ컨ˣҪͷˡ

11

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Сʯͷջ𣬽ӳԡ
ССʰԼıӺͱʣܽæ
ԭĸ뿪󣬼Ｘ궼ûԹӣСʯͷȻˣ
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12

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13

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14

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15

϶ңȻȥϴԼŮϹͷû취
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˻һ⻰˵̫ݣҲʵҪСԼб£ֻͱˡ
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ͬ־ܺǡ
ţ˭ҵĺӣСС̫ˣⳤ˻˵ã
ԱҵĹԱǲл۸ˣүүүүĹͷ
Χ۸˺ðɣ
ǰϿţֲСôײУԭ˼Ұ
˼Сļˣ
Ůҵ֤
ôǵ̨أǵ
һүӵ֤ˣһһˣСײУ˼Ҳ˫ֻ֤˾
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׳ãذ
Χ˶ˣ̯ϴˡ
۾м˵ɫˣΧ˷׷Զ㡣
ҾǸƽͷգǸôô졣
ȻŮǲǱ۸ˡ
Աǲ۸ˣ
Ů˵̣Ǹ˶˵壬ҡ
ʲôҹҵĹԱͬ־±ϰ졣
ģ˿ǻȥʵ㱨
ӳ˵꣬Աߵͬ־ȥˡ
ͬ־мĻҪ㡣
ӵϵͷϻ۵Сﲻ׽Ū
Сʲô˵
˵žͺãҪתͷǸ˺һģղŲ˾˻ȥˡӿұ߿ǽСǸŮˣҲǣڵϵеĵ˺üͷﱧĺӿ϶ԼģղźһΡǿ϶Żϣ岻Ҫߣһ򾡡
С̫ˣ۲̾磬ϿҵĻش
ģžͲߣһС
˲䣬ɨӡһӼҴҵȥӿұߵİָŮСĹעⲻһۣ˵δ
һˣѺڵϵ뿪˽ʲôǷͷ뿪
ת۾Ϊ׵һ˽¼ǵϢ֪ȥ˼ŵɫҰף׷顣
˼⣿ˣԼʲôأ
ü˻ã
Χ۵ȺɢҪҪȥȥ¼
˵ˣк֤ܶˣ˵ַ˵ǽ

16

𩣬үһ·ǣŮĲ֡
ǣԼĴ֣ůůġ
үˡ
˶ӢۣŮİΣҲ¡
ţ治
үүԲˡ϶㲻ȥҲ㣬´£Ůܡǻ˶ٺӺͼͥҪǱĺӣ͵ˡǵùҲǱĺˡŮ˵Ů˶¡ǴӢ۵ŮӢ۵ŮôԺأ˵ˣаղųֵģŮأ¶ǹҳҪ棬ʳҪүүϡôԼأ
һүںˡҲûʲôԷ͸ȥ˳վ
೵ûڳվԱߵµš
óˮүӺʯͷִӿռóϼİӡ
վ˼ҡʣµһֻһһүӡ
һﳵǸ·ⶼ˿϶ˡȻͳƻǿռСġ˵ԼղģүһŮĳԡӣҲˡ
ϳ֪֪ˡ
һ·Ϻү죬žĵ¡
˵иСĶôɰֶô˷Ӵſµȵȡү˵ûУүûһĪĿǣһҶѵӡ
񿴼׷ˡ
һСʱ͵ϣҲûͣﳵһؼҡ
ؼҵ·Ŀ졣
ңһռڻĹ棬Ĺģˬ±⣬үӳ룬СʯͷҲһ롣
극ܸоԼʲôû
ָоӽžУɾ벻ʲô¡
±⻹ʣһ裬Ǹմӿռóģʡ
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оֵֹģǽߺһӣӡҪˣⰡ
ֲϸоʲôˡүү£Ҳû
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ҪǷⲻ˻÷죬͵ֻץεͷҰǵö°
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Сʯͷڳ
Сһʲôʱģ
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Сʯͷôˣ˰
ȥˣⶼûˡ
ⶼûˣҪ
ûˡ
úõĹţѵҪ˵ˣ޿ɲú壬ҪҰ
ʲôʱûˣ
ղš
֪ûпʲô
ôûˣ⻹úõأ
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ҵ׵ܵܣ졣
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£ⶼûˡ
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СʯͷǴʧͣǵǮҲһ𣿡
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ϲСɰ£Ӻãѧϰֿ̿ࡣҪ츳̫ˣֱԱȵԼɫ㾡ܵĽ̵
ʮһɽүӣλʦⳡƽٻеѪԴѿʼ𣬼ﶼûʸӡ
үģһӶò˵ʹ
˵ˣҲ񽲹֪ʶһǴ죬˵¡
ʮĳ¹⻪ʮĽ÷ޡ
¹⻪Ҳڹѧ޽ѧҲǾĴѧڡ˽÷ǽ赸ʦϲ
ҪԼҸѧѧͻἸ˵ȥ
ѧϰʱչ˼λʦʳǡ
µѧϰջ٣ʦҲദĲ
תۣҲʼæµˡ
ﵾ⼸ˣŮٿʼաæµʮ죬ɹãսֿ
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Ǹү֤ͬһȥϵġ
úúȥ䣬õﻻǮǮﲻš
ÿռ·ҲԹóүӺʯͷ
ԽԽ׼ˣ

17

ͻͻŶӳӣĻƣҵҵϱʹһŮ֪DD֣С
֣С֪һģ޸˴ˣҲɩ
Ǽɵ
ӵһо治һ㣬ȳ񳵻硣
СʱϣҶûȥʱ͸æ
ϻϤ˸û˵Ľ䣬ӿռóһ·ϣһšٱ䵤
ռϼء䵤ֵҩײʶ
ǧ򻯣Ч档ҷúԱܸı䣬ܰ峹׸ı䣬׽˶ϲҲܺáÿηñ仯һ仯ˣǳ档
źǣкöֲҩû취ơ
Ϊ˺ܶط˱Ĳҩ棬ڵġٱ䵤ЧϾܿҲֻܼ򵥵ĸıͣɫʱֻάСʱҡЧû취ҲֻǴ˵ˡ
ʰ׵Լִ˸ñӣԼϲ⣬ͱ¨żʱһƬȥ
˶ңͨ˴º
񴩹ӣûԶͿǰ̫̫졣ǱϾ˵
࣬˶ܲˣ˵ˣС⼸ۿޡû취򲻵ж򲻵
һǰй㻹ĵѰ
һͻˡ˻̫̫ϣСʵ
Ҫ涼С
ġ
С̫̫һץס֣ˡ
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ù
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ǰߴףҹյһҾ̼ҡСŽȥԺӾģﻹûˡ
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ҼûУϹҼǵС
УȥãܿСҺܿ죬߰Ұ
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żҵš
СЦʳֵġ
ųȥḶ́Цͽ͡
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á鷳һ¡
ţżȥҰɡ
̫̫¨Ĵ׺ֱַʮѹ档
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ܹʮʮѹ棬ҪҸǳơ
Ҫһ룬Ϲأ
Уҷˣùһһѣ´λ֪ʲôʱأ
򿪴ӣֻӨ͸ĴףõĴⱲӶ۸ѩϸ壬ɾرõĶ
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ⲻҪƱǸʲô۸񣿡
̣ĴëվĴһëҪƱؿλ˺ãͲҪƱëվëһҾë岻ҪƱһѶëС۸Ҫо͡
У̫ˣСƣ۸̫ˣллˣ̫ллˣЩǶҪˡ
Уǳһ׶ʮ۶ʮƺ˰ѴӸңԼô
ãȳƣƺæģԼ֣С
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λ̵ˣǾƽ˰ɡ
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ȫΪ̫ۡ
ʱ仹磬ִӿռóʮ棬ȥһ߹䡣
߹ͿһʮķޡŮķеģɫáеزɫңһŮҸ첲ϿŸӣ˫ۿնľ
岻ûûԣǵˡ
ʰɣҲԵ
Ҫ𣿡
еĿһȣŮȻûӦ㶵ġ
涼УҪ𣿡
ŮڷӦˣֱӺ˫ۣôԾĴﻬ
ݵ˫ֽץ֣һֱָֻʲô˵ôᣬȿ˿ڡ
ǰ治ԶҼңСҪǷһɡ
ɫãݸݵģ಻һ˫۾ô̹̹Ŀ񣬲Ԥ˵ʲô
ûʲô㣬߰ɣ
ͻȻЦˣĵϲáõǹСЦôģҫۡ
ȻӦôվϲûЦӦȥá
ŮֲŲӵɷյߣ֪ĻΪһڡ
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Ӱ򵥣ʰĸɾࡣ
Ůȷ£Ȼ˰С¡ȥˮһһӡ

19

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ϲҪŹ괩
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·ΪʲôҪϴ
·ʱкܶкܶҳҪϴɾٴҪǻġ
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ǰ㲻֪Ǳ˸߽ģԺ·Ҫϴ
ǰ񲻹ʲô·ҪˮŴϰ߳Ȼ
·ˮɹһ飬һд֡
Сһʮˣ꼶ĿαѾѧˡûпʼ꼶֪ʶǽӢ
ʱ䣬Ӣĸдڿʼ򵥵ĵʣÿΪֹѧʮˣĺ츳
һһӢαļ̶ԻȻһһ
ǰܣǳص
һ̵ϸһѧ棬Сһ﷢Ҳܱ׼ϰá
ſڵԺһǾȡ
үүأ˼ҡ
峤һ˽ˣʯͷȥԺүӡ
ãүүںԺأʯͷȥˡ󲮣壬
˰˵ӣк£ֽ˳
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үӺСʯͷϴس𩣬֪ϴε˽
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ץ˾ͺúʣЩ棬֪ټͥЩ˻ˡнҾͰˣǵĹҾͲˡ
ллĹģε¼Ӱܴ󣬶ˡץô෸ӣĹͺܴҲҽҪĿġҴǵλͬ־䷢֤飬нͬ־ĶٿǮϣͬ־úѧϰΪĽӰˡ
վ֤װǮŷ֣ؽ
һߵĴ峤ˣö֤ͣǮģ
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óռġޡ׾һƿ˺Ȳ಻ٸպá
ٴαʮСˣоûġ
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ߵʱ˵⼸ҲˣڼҲҪš
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´ըˣû뵽ǰŽСôֻ֪켸˿ųĵ֤飬ǮҪ֪ѣһۡ
ͬУСŮ̫ȭٵ֡
ͷǮҲ̫˰ɣ

20

ϴ뿪˶˼ѪƵģŮܵҿ֤飬ȹŴʥּϡ
һЩСôˣҲ֣㶼㲻ȥ
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϶£ֻӲͷƤϣûа취
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ڶճ緹ǾСʣϼҴڵȥͷԺѧϰ
û磬ԺӾˣȫ֪ǺͼλʦҲˣ񲻵òϣǰѧϰľֵ
Ҿһ𣬸Ů̸ۼ£ׯڣ׷֣ȥϷҲûô֣
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СС˶ĽľûпʣҲûŤôĽţƽĲǷԼ¡
ʴǵҲЩžСˡҪ϶ñһ١ľ꣬ҶƣСֲ֪һ
λʦ֪Ҳҵ
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μֱСԺӶըˡ
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дõĸǴߣԼȥͬ⣬Ҫȥ
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ҺүһܿСӡ
ӵİ汾ôˡ

21

Ҳʮ¶ʮˣȥϽ汾ģӳϲ¸ˡ
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磬һ˿ȥףгѾˡ
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ˣеʳķһŲ˹ܱʱʱеĭӣܲˡ
һ׺ɫڵ޲Ͳһ㶼һߣҪЬ߸С·һ㶼ǵȷϣغˡ
ҲûԷֱӻؼҡ
μһμ򵥵Ļдࡣ
ӡ衢·ͰԼһȥ붼롣ˣ飬ʲô붼룬Ǯ¡
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򳤽˲Ӱ汾˺⣬İ汾ô¡
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еĻǺϴһţҲܸˣ˵ɫ֮ǰ˺ܶ࣬е϶Ѫɫ
˨DD
ţо
ܺãˡ
ˡһ֮˻ˣûʲôʱڵĸоá
ŮĽŵ˱ˮ񣬾һֱôԱߣĿ
֪׾ʲôϣܺ
ֻˣӶûСôȰʹ
ϣԼˡ
˼ˮʼͱ¨Ķ
ͺúòЩųԡ
ŵϵʳǣеĵͷŮİѶսݡ
ʱһǮƱϴεĶ˲٣ŮĸǿӲ
ŨDD
򵥵֣Ǻܾû˵ˣе㰵ƣǲ
еļŮ˵ˣе㼤
ţԺӳ
ãӳأˡ
ҲûͰǮƱڰͳǸǡ˸˵ĸһһžͳԡ
¡
Ҵ¡
û˵꣬еľͽӻˡ
˵DD
ϵ˽гģ
ȱǮ
˭Ǯడ
ŮĿɷá
еĿ˿ɺº͡
ңȫ
㲻õģȥ϶Ǻˡ˵ҾȥһСҲע⡭
һг
ǽͺã񾲵пϾǣһˡ
г¾˵ǰүˡ
סˣҸϽˣ̲͡
ܳȥԶͷվſڿԼĪᡣ֪ҪͷȥվûϽ뿪ԼҲͻȥˣ
֪ſվ˺ܾúܾãֱ˳ȥ
гڳһƾ棬طƫƧҡ
¨ʮĺѣȿ˵
߽ԺӣӲݴǽߣϡм䵹ӡ
ұиСľţſڶŸʮСӣͿ˼ľšһŴߴ򿪣˸ʮˡ
Ӧþ˵ӣվſڿ߽
Ĳ䣬һ˫۾ӣһ֪Ǹˡ
Сһ
һ
˼󱳵ı¨
ĻҪ
۾һǸ򵥵ġ
еDD
DD
ȥһ¶쳡ӣ˻ܶࡣ˸ɡ·С鲻ٶΨʳû
вپһ䣬ûкöԼ
ȥҹ䷿ĺԺ
ûˣֻмŵӺһӡǰϣʾ£±¨ſڵСϡ
ʲôʳ
棬
ҶҪˣļ۸񡣡
˵˵۸ɣ
ë壬ë㻹ʲô
װⶼʲô۸񣿡
ӿʼСˡһſھЩԼû취ŪĶɲΪʡ
ֻҪжҳë壬ëëëʲôҪʲôжҪ١
ʵǾϸǸĺ飬Ҽ۸񿪵Ҳܸߡ
룬һҪǮһҪôˡ
Ķһ任ܸһ롣
ûöвٺû
еĶͳѹҲһҪˣһһǮ
ǮһȦûöֱ뿪
ߵʱһ뿪ģ´δ߹ȫ
ȥͰǮսռ䣬Ҳٹ䣬ȥվʵռĸϡľܶ࣬ĺݾõҲ٣ǻվľɶǲһҪǹգԺû취Ĺա
վﻹϴεỊܸ̇ˣֱӽȥԼң˵ϸյܶණҡ
ȥȻвٶһߣû
һľĴãľͨʤϸԥˡ

18

ȻһԾĿ
Ӻڣ;Ŀӡ
һʸ߻Ͷ㶼ʫ⣬ѵҹӡ
Ű׿ˮҺƷһζȵϸ
ͻȻˣޱĶԴһУϧӰɣ
ͻȻѹ
һˣôǺѵĵǶô
ÿ춼һÿ̶һ̡
һ׿ˮﶼݳ޵İɣһҲȲ
޷Լʱ飬ô
ĵ£Ժ￴Ȳ裬ǶôõĻ棬
һҪ
ֲԾ߿ӱڰţOO@@˵ע⡣
ѱӷֱߣ濴ٰͶ
Ͱͣͳһҩ߬ͷĺӱı鶺Цˡ
ǺǺǨDD
ЦԼݺݵһۣǵǴЦ
DDȿȨDD
Ů˼æȥģ˳
ǰ¶ҩӡ
㣬ҳ𣿡
ĿҩӣҲû˵ӹȥ˼¡˼ָͷȥ𾢡
ͯδ
ŮڱϾô棬Ҳ˵
湻ˣûκԥҩӺˮ¡
ʼնûʲôҩ֪ƹˤأǶԼΡ
ɵڶֿܣеʱͦġ
ǲʣҲû˵ʲô
űߵñ¨ͳ˴װѹ棬ѶƵŮǰ
Щʳų԰ɣúòúһʱͺˡ
Ůû˵촽־ôĿ
һƽʳý档ʱץһѵǮƱܾˣûա
һվԱ߿񣬲֪롣
ֱӳŻع
ɣ
ɷֿһǮȥˡ
˿˿񣬶Сڵĺ˼ˮ
лл
ţÿҺҲԵ
ǣԵ
ȹⱭˮ뿪
һ¾ˣпٹǡ
ã͡
˵žͱ¨ߣŮš
ߵӵĹսǴͷվſھԼۿе㷢ᣬͷҲصĸϽ뿪
һ·ֱӳŻվȥԭǰѧﻹϤ
վһƾɵԺȥǸʮỊ̇Ժ£
̣Ҽе鱾ûУ
̧ͷǸС̬ͦá
ȥԼҰɣ
ãлл̡
ûȥɣС涮¡
ĺ˶ϲⰢҲ⡣
ֱӽȥſڶŵĶľϼҾߣЩˣЩǳ£ȥջˡ
ֱȥұ飬˰죬еĿα˲٣ˡ
ѱֽ鱾ȥм飬αǴˡ
﷢˲ٵŶͷˣһЩֱʣоϽռ䣬ŶǱյ
ϸңҵʮ飬ԶĹżˡǽҵ˼֧ëʣֻʸˣϸǺöˡ
һѱַֽ̨һӣãϸһǶ⣬һûϳ߽ˣͷĶˡ
񷭿һѱֽһľκУžûƣ滹һ棬ˡκһֽϸһľģöһˡ
վľϼҾǿһȦ˵кö
ӿŲȥһǺľӣ滹ѹżӣһףͶˡ
˷ܣ굽棬вټҾ߻õģͨͨˡ
񻨴󴲡ľ񡢰ľܣȻһ׵ģһŻƻΣһСס
õŴҲûŹ
ַҵһ׽˿ľҾߣеɶӶǺõģҲûŹ
ʱˣûңͳȥ
̣Һˣҳһ¡
̹һ£ǿαҲûӡ
СëǮС
֪չԼҲû˵ʲôֱӸëǮڰһǸϽ뿪
̸˻ˣں溰´
ȥû˵Ľ䣬·ó¨װһЩţɺǹʳó·ڱ¨ȥͶӳϡ

22

һ°ѲĶľϾˣܴδζС
Сľӣһźľĵ񻨹ӺܲˡһʽױܺãȶˣҳȺСһˡ
ȥߵķ䣬ŵʲô
սȥһشõĻĶС
ѵĴƬӡСƿ̡ףʶʶУвѵĺöۡ
ſһ׶ߵĴƿɨӭչⲻҪҪǴƿӾȻǱѴɨDDҲǸҤ
үү̫ˡ
ǰȥ⹫ѼҿһαѴɣƷҲû
ȥóɨѣһһϽˡ
񼤶ĲˣĴˣؼо
ȷûһôŰ֡
Ȼȥĵطңһỹ˼飬ұգ˼Լõ飬µıӣͱŶȥˡ
ϹأëǮ
ָһǣƻĸлиϽ뿪
ȥ˸ط·ڱ¨¡鲼ϡһƿ׾ơӡ֡ͷ鱾棬ȥʹ峤ϡ
񵽵ʱ峤û궫Ҳյǰ¶ڰ
һûһţûһᣬ峤ֺǺǵˣܱˡ
鲻
DDǲǴͶֳܻ˸СӢۣ챻ˡ󲮳Ƕӳ
Ǵ쵼ĺãûϵ
ߣ󲮽ȥӪԷ
𣬴ǧǸϽذɡүүҪǵȼ˻ɱǵģгԵģȵӻؼٳԡ
˵Ŵӱ¨ͳͷ
ѩ׵ͷгô󣬴峤ֱۡ뻹ЩԹģڶͷʲôζ
Աߵǲֱ̿ˮ벻ɾ̲ס˵ͷóԣԼûԹ볢ʲôζ
һһȵӰɡ󲮣磬
һһͷǲ졣
񰡣治ҪⶫŸүүʯͷԡ󲮨DD󲮲ԣ治ԡ
˵ҲǿԼ
һǰûͷﾹ
ͲɰˣֶŮóĻջȥĵĳԣүүʯͷС
񣬸Ͳԡ
˵ԡ
Լȳ㣡ǰûͷôóԡ
ͷ˵Ǻǿռð
˿̲סˣҲûƴǡ˷ųһʣһ߻ûȥ˳
DDĸ󲮳ͷˣҲԹͷˡ
󲮿ˡĲ˵ȥ϶ǳˣԺ鷳󲮺ˡ
ʲô鷳ģӴһСʲô˵ҲǶϵģ˭£ÿ춼ȥϣȥС
Һȥͬѧ˵ȥ鿴
ȷϺʱ䣬ˡ
ҶˣүӹŻֻҪŮžͿʼ档
¶ϴ涼ˡ
ֽ¨ִӿռ˳߸ͷһүӺʯͷһ롣
үүͷζôͬѧġкüأǳһٵģʯͷȳζ
ҵĹԱб£ôõİͷŪЩûԹͷˣүүζ
үҧһڣͷζܺá
óԣүүǰԹĶóԣDD
ǺͷٳˡүүϺȵ㣬ŮˡӲſʼŮٴЩ԰ͷ׷⣬ЩʲôԵ㣬ҹȥͬѧҵ
ãүүĹԹб£үү͵ҹԱүүˣĸҹԱТ˳ĸүүи
үү¨ľƣȳһζôú´Ůġ
үһóϸĿһ飬ԵĴĺȵĶУŮĻүǸ
šƿСĵھƿﵹһ㣬һڡ
ãǴƣþƣϾͺԱôָүү߿㣬ϴεĲŴϡⲼô㴩Ĳһ飬´кöԼͺˣүүҪ
үӾŮԺôãĶҪ
үôİʯͷDDʯͷأĺ
·ûϴҿźܺãͬѧģһһ·Ůб£óԾͳԣúȾͺȣ·ʹŮˣչүү͵ܵܡ
úúèDDҵĹԱүүĹԹԣãүүġ
ʯͷųԣүүԵģƤá
Ƥʲôã
ƤɹɿˮȣҲ⡣ҩ
򵥳꣬Ľ˯ˡ
ʵǽռˣüû⼸սĶһ飬սӵĲֿ⡣
ȵʽױҸպõʦޣڲʱϸ˿ȷ̴ľ̴ľû뵽̴ҾߣҲԵ֡
ǰЩ뵽ȥ䣬ȥصĻվȥԣٺọ̈붼ʹġ
취ˣ

23

ջ񡣷ʮǮһЩƱݣʮһܹʮǮǰһа˰ʮ塣Ҳһʾ޿ˣɶ˵ٵĿ
һȥϣûֱȥڸϸתһȦ
ʱӶڵˣɨı¨
вٺöǵȻ᣿
ȻɣȰ£Ҫ٣
жҪ١
ȱǮҲ򲻵ʳȻԽԽá
Ӽ֪Сﲻһ㣬Լ۹ⲻ
ǰ·иԺӣǵţ˹ȥ
˵ߣȥ׼һ¡
ԺﳤĲݣƾɵﶼǻҳ˸ɾĵطȷûˡӿռóʮĴһһʮļһʮЩǿռ͵ġޡƷ
ôһһ㵹ڣӶꡣ
ϵʳһó̫ࡣ
ûһĽŲӴСһӳˡ
ӳͣԺţӺһСӽϵĶǵ͹С
ߣһȥ㡣
ôʳߣģ
ûʲôĵģ㶫һ߰ɣ
Сﲻ򵥣ɫɫ˼ˣС͸Լľ飬ҪôãҪôԶ룬ǲܵ뵽
ʳװɴˡ
⸽϶һˡԼ뿪Ҫ¡
Ҫ֪뷨϶Բͷˡ
˭Ҳ뵽һСŮƾԼа취Ūôʳ
ᡣ
Ҳ뿪ʱ򣬽żߵźߵǽǣǽϵһǽƤҪһĲ飬Ҹղߵǽĸоԡ
ڸղŵĵط˼šûˣǽпյģźƬǿյġ
ղŵǽƤŴףǹŴ˽ͺǽʱõһַ
֪ܣȷϰȫʹӿռͳǽƤһľͷҶǿխȵĻƻ棬СĵĳЩľϣֱսռ䡣
ǽǴСͬСľӣǽм䣬ûʱϸǽשͷָ㣬ĶǸִһӶսռ䡣ϸһûˣͰӶһ飬ڵļ䶼ùûʲô֡
ǰǳԺġ
ȥԺ̮˴룬ֻǽõġְеǽһߣû쳣
ȥߣһé޺ȦûɸɾζûС
Ȧ棬Ų˲ȵ棬ʯͷǽҲûŹʲôûСǽǱϷŸʯͷĴʳӣЩͷˡ
ʯ۵мƬʯ壬˿ʯ壬һ˴СĳڡóֵͲȥ˼ףʮƽ׵ĵؽѣȦĵ¡
ֵһգСŸӣڴģĿСġһСӣŻƽҲ˵С㡣
ûһһ򿪿Ͷսռ䡣滹мʮסһЩײߺ̳ӾơЩſտյĵؽѣϸ鿴ûʲôͳ
Ҳ֪һûкˣô˼ҵĶܾﲻ
ѵؽѿڸλ˺һƬʯһЩ棬ûʲôȻ뿪
гӺšղŸˣӰ˸ƻ
ꡯһƻζӡͳһӣҲӹȥͳԡ˭Ҳû˵ֻС꿦ꡯҧƻ
˵ʵҴûôõʳÿʳܶһʮĽĽʮ
˵꣬;˿
ʮҲһͷ࣬Щ˾ͻ̰Сˡ۹ⳤԶ̰ͼӬͷС˴򽻵ġ
Ҳ󷽣ûƽ㶫
ͷ㡣
ҲûѾͰǮ
Ǯ¨ӵͬ¹˺С
˵вٺһʳԻ˺üһ̫̫ĵ̯Ϸ˲ٺûˮͷܺõһסһסСȦһһԡмָ̫̫˵СӿҪˣϰҲ£ЩҵҲûˣЩʳ
ǰ˶ûŻʲôû塣
¨׺ʮ涼˼ңָһĺǡ
˵òôֵ
̫̫ܼ˵ﻹм⻹õĶԼö
һˣӰ̫̫Ķˣʳͷٻʳ
ˣ£ղǹȥԺʲô˼ҵģһ𣿡
˵Ǹߵߣû˵ʲôˣ£
ҪûҪĻɲԺ󷽱㡣
һ⻰֪СҪںˣ˵ͱ֤
㲻ùܣ죬´ԺӾˣҵļ񡣡
鷳ԣ⻨ѻͷҸ㣬Ǯ¡
ʵ˵ɣڹ飬£д֤УƬԺġ
У鷳ȥˣʱôˣҪڱ𣿡
Ҫڱд˭ָ֣Ҿͺá
СͳǦʺֽдԼָӡ
дҵ֨DDԺְɣ

24

⼸֣ܰûȥϡ
̫̫Ķͷӵӣܷġ
⼸ҪæԼҺԺֲˡ
үŮŮһ˵ֲˣĹͰѵطˡ
ӿռó˲֣ܲܲײˡˡ۲˺ʹЩϷֲ߲ˡһ칦򣬰Ѳֺãү˵ԼЩˮӣ˵ܸߣҶ춼ֲʾԡ
ҪǲõĻͿԴֲҾͲöˡ
үʲôҲû˵ȥء
ԳҲ֪ˣŴʮСӣſںӿߵĻĵظˣ칦ͷĶࡣ
ӳֲ֣Ҳûϵлͽдæȫ˶֧
˵ʵĺܸжһ˻ʮһСӺ֣û˻һСӻֳ߲ˮ
ΣյرĬĬŵ
ݵʱοռϡȪˮǰ쵾־ͳˣٹܲ
Ķˮλʶ಻ҶԳÿҵĲľҺͷռȫڵء
ãʼ
ĶĵأȫĹͲ
һƬǴǵϣ
үӺͶԳÿ춼ȥתơŻ󣬳ԽԽõˮ˸˵ĺ˼
µæµˮ꣬СʯͷҲˡ
ʮʮСʯͷգŵȥϣȥðһЩ
ũʱ䣬ܶ˶ȥϡһŮʻȥ
û¶ˣȻܼ
ڳˣٲҶ˸ˡ
ô£
ϴεʳ̫ˣҪ˶ҳˣҶŲҼˡ
ȹȥ˹
ȵȡĶߡ
˵Ͻһ򿪡
Ժӵ֤飬ԺԺˣ̫̫ϴδĶҶˡ
ѶӹŽ¨
ллȹȥ˰ɡ
˵žȥϴεԺˡ
ȷϰȫóһһһѼһʮϴȦ淢ֵĳ´óҲٽ
óɫĲסװʮЩǸӵл
ˣϴεļˡűϴζ಻ٵʳӻǺܻϲ
ⲼϺʳǸлǳףȥ´ٸһЩ˵
лˣռˡײģֻҪʳǮ򲻵ҸëˣжҶҪ
ë´һ㣬⻹µ鷳㡣
˵ɣ¶˵Ǻ¡
лл㰡˰ҰԺʰʰԺǽݶͺԺʰˣֻҪʵþУǽʯͷۣȫҲżҲʣôУҸĳ׵ѡ
֪СѾͷ󷽣û뵽һ־ٽף˵ףҲǺúõĴףɵӡ
㶼ôչˣģĺúõġ
һСʱһˣٽҲߡð¡
һ뿪뿪ȥԺתƣܾӦûж
ȦдĶĲ˵أ˵ؿ£ºǴƬĻĵءЩĵҲԺɣһ¶̫
ڲ˵غµĽ紦Լϸпڵؽѵطػ˺ö顣
˵ҵˡ
ؽ˳µڽȥģڿţһٶƽ׵ĵؽȣͶˣôٵʳ
ѵȶսռ䣬ѵؽѵŷãִαװûҵ˾Ҳ
Ժأ
ǿˣȥǰԺ
óĳ׷Ժȡ
ʮӺˣǰʳװϳ
´ܵµˣҪкöţȵţ´㡣
ӵȻԸæִ󷽰
˵Ŵӱ¨ͳǣһһѣץѣرա
ԼҲһ¨ӻˡ
˿СıӰ㿴ңҿ㡭
ȥǷʮѼʮƻű¨ͳűȥ
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ûٳģⲻҲѣֻ˵ˡ̫̫˵һĿ񣬻˵Ҳüˣȥ̫̫ңȫ
һëȥʮף̫̫ƽ֡
ֱ̫̫ȥҡ
Ű뿪ţԺɹ̫ŮԱ߷첹·
Ůȥӹϵı¨Сϣȥﵹһˮ
ϵ˹Աߵ񣬴ͷ
ˡ
ţ⼸оôθں˯ߺòã
θںã˯Ҳܺãһ
ú˶죬꿪
ꡯŮ˱ĻЦˣЦܺÿȴ绹ů̫ҫۡ
𣿡
Ǵ㣬ûúŰɡ
ꡯŮ̲סˣֱЦˡ
ЦÿԺЦЦ
˿ͷ
ѱ¨׺͵óóƻһһԼҧЩҲ
Щȳţµ׻
Ů˽ݣʱһ˫Ьװ׻ǧЬЬĺܾ£Ьʾϡ
ҵģ
Ŀͷ
ÿҺϲ
Լϵİ˶Ьɾİɫ׻ĲЬڽϺǺÿ˵ڵϱ˼¡
̣̫ϲˣлл
ϲ
е㰵ƣϴκöˡ
̫ˣһ˫͹ˡ
û˵ʲôϲЬܸˡ

25

ˣҲûȥվ
ҵطʰԼѸСʯͷ׼Ķó
ƻӸһ׾һѼʮСʯͷһԲʶͯźö¨ɿȥϵĵط
ؼҺСʯͷյ˷ܣſүǰתơ
ÿСʯͷ˧
ҪҹԱ۹ãүүҲÿ
ǳԴ׵Ľ
үүӢ˧ˣ˭Ȳϡֿ˵ҲУǸһһʱŵ
DDãҹԱҲÿģүүˡ
ӵСʯͷڱ֣ݣϰˡ
ˣôú´λ򡣡
˵ڱ¨һ컨׺һֻȾôûأ
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үλεҫ
˵˺һֻȸŮְһֻӡ
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Сʯͷ򵥵Ĺ˸գСһﳤһˣο
ڿռϴ裬鿴˰룬ܹһһʮûǮ
ǰļһоŰʮˣǮ̫ˣŬɣ
ٿǮ㸻˵һǧǮ٣ûпǹ˵ĸܣ
󣬿ռʳ硣ʳɽˮ߲Ҳһˡ񷢳ʱ򣬿ռԶĿɽ
ַ˿ռһ¹ܣԺҲõĵطˣ鲻
ռֲʳ߲ٶ࣬Ҳû᲻áռбʹܣʳﲻỵԣԺƺõ˵
糿ȥ￴˶ӳͼλ岮վˮ
Ҳˡ
ţˮǹġ
⵾ӳĺã˯ţⶼĹ͡
ӳĺܸˣи߲ˮ˾ͲٶӣӾͷôܲأ
ҲǴ󲮵Ĺͣʱԥûԥ֧ңҪǱ˻ΪСӺأõˡ
Ǹʲô£Ҫ⺢ӴСͶ£´˶û󲮴㣬Ժʲô¾Ҵ󲮣Ƕ˵͸ͺá
Զԣ⻰񰡣ԪأԺͽĺúõġ
岮һһųôõĵӼֶŮСŲøˡ
ӳôãݣʶݳˡ
ӳˮģСݾ͵ġ
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ģǺƷ֣ۣʱ׼ԡֶŮǶӴա
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õԻؼҡ
ڣȥ߷˿ռ硣粻ŹŷһЩ
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ʱ䲻͹ȥ˰¡
ʮ£ҪˣҲȥˡ
ڶһ磬ȥϣ·֪࣬гҲȥϡ
ܹ֪࣬ŮС˼޴Сϴһȥسǵ֪࣬񶼲ô졣
ϻȥӣʳ˸࣬иǡ
л˺ܶ࣬вٺöûнȥӣֱӹ
ûһӾˣ˸ͦ찡
ܲӵ񶼵˺ü죬ֵ˵߹䣬ͼҴҵĳˡ
˹һȦ˲ٺöִ󷽣˱ʾ´öиӣһģһˡ
ûȥˣһֱӹȥװӼ˷Կˡ
µʱ䣬Ժǽˣ׶ߵʯͷǽܽʵҲȺʵľţֹѽʵᴩף⡣
ݻûʼǰԺ
װһѼʮѬѬѼֻʮѡܲײ˸ʮ˲ξͶЩҲ㡣
Ǻܿ͵Ǽӳ
ҲˣһһкһһӣҲ߳ӱߺӽݡ
㣬Ҳ㣬׸һԻŲĶԻҲӶࡣܲײ㿴Ÿ۰ɣ´ܵˡ
ãкöҶţԺӿܵܺã⼸˲ңܲײ˺ˮۣ׺һë
ԱһСܲײǸģûȥӲżʵУ㿴Ű졣
飬ŶٶǮ뿪

26

ѱ¨ĶǮսռ䡣óһֻһֻѼﻨףţɣͷʮ
ϴεĲڿռ÷һ·͸үӵԲʿһó׾óһƿ
ʰ׵Լű¨ƵĹ
˲٣硢վͰٻ̵Ϊ
Ҫй䣬ϳûģûʲô˼ȥռλӡ
񵽵ʱļʻŤͷںϱأˣ³æѱ¨ϳϱһ
μϱԺ꣬Ӳƫݳİ׾º˺ܲ
оԼҪһصˡ
ɩ죬ˡ
ûʲôģ˶ͻˡ
ֻˣóͷһһŻˣֱŲҪˣûʲôģͷǾԹԵĳ˿һųˣһ
絽³ű¨ߣгļ֪ࡣ֪֪³кų߱ģһСΡ
չȥһŮ֪ųվǰ·ڵš߽ͷŴһ飬߰Ťͷ֪ǸϽȥһмһ˵ı顣
Ӿ֪ԲͷˡƵģСӶǵöԲС֪֪ģ˰ɣ
֪֪࣬ټпȥҼ档
ûת뿪
ߣûò
ֻûò˲Żָûòлͬ־˵ע㡣
һڽѵûŮˡ
лԴ֪ǣտʼʱˣûƫҸоð
߰ɣʱ˷ûϡ
ٵ֪˵ﳵˣ֪
վ·ڵлŤˡ
һûϣ޹ؽҪ˰ˡ
үӼŮֱŲٶۻˣϽӹ
ҹԱۻˣôֱôණѹ˿ô죿Ϣ
ɰСʯͷ㵽һ衣
㣬ˮ
ллʯͷ
ˮѱ¨Ķͳ˺ü£ͳ˸ү׼Ŀˣпռס
үԲʰϲԣ÷ڹ
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ЩԵĺȵģүӸˣŮΣҲӲɹЩŮдµˣЩʲô
үүǵ·ˣʯͷ԰ɣ
үһɫëɽװʽ΢Ķһ£ܲʯͷɫëأүʽһ˸˵·ŶܺʣүӴʮ꣬·ǿġ
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үӺʯͷǿҪ£ҲԼ·ɫķ̿£һСҸһбڴСֱͲӣ򵥴󷽣Ƥ·ʽѡ񲻶࣬װʲôľͱˣ򵥵ĿʽҲˣԼҲȽ⡣
үӺʯͷֱÿ
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һǺ£ʹӦˡ
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Ҷ˵Ǻʡϵģȡͬ⣬ϸͬ飬ǩ֣Ҷڷˡ
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⾪ϲһǧһͿռһǧһٰʮˣǧˣǮĸоãӵһĸо
򳤺ҶΣȥɽϺúףĵȥ
˳Żĵرϲݶ̵ĵطߣֱɽ£ʲôҲû
ïܵɽֵǲﻹЩԭʼӣһлûбƻ϶дһҲΣա
óѹһû⣬ôֵɽߡ
ͣͣЩĲҩҲһЩ۵ĶҲ˼ãľϷʺľҲһЩ
ǰѼӵĽѵҰѼ
ѰŽȥһֻ˵Ļͷ㣬˵ˣǰڱ
ͷԶܾţһڣͰ͵ģĵҲ²ȥ֣Ͱֱս˿ռ䡣
СĵȥǰɽӴһƬƵͰСϿȣԥҪҪȥ

27

Ҫȥɣ̫үүᵣġ
˻ûվǰϿһͷ¹޴¹Ƕͷϣ˵ĲӳԲԵ
һͷ¹¹Ⱥߣ⸽϶¹Ⱥ
ûŲѾͶȣһȾʮӣùĵʱһǰһͷ¹βŴССʮͷ
¹Ⱥһֻһͷǿ׳ĳ¹죬Ķ檣Ůһ޸ǳ
ôǰƣż
˿ĵָ¹˰ɣ¹Ⱥ׵ľ룬ûվܵӰӶûˡǹĻá̲һĵ䵽˻ؼҲû
ȥֻǹˣĵľͽˣûȥҲý
ϸ۲Χӿռóǹ׼¹ȺѡĿꡣ
еĲҪ̫СĲҪһҲҪɱźӾͿˡ
ѡһͷ¹ͷŲС¹ǲǺܴӦøճ¹
Ҳ챻ϳ¹ȺˣȥΣհ͸Ұɡ
¹Ҫ֪϶һˮҪģΣܱȸ㱻׺á
׼۰
һ֮䣬¹С
Զ¹Ⱥ¹ľɢתûӰӡ
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һ·СܵɽţͣЪ˻ᡣԱһСɽ£ѿռ¹ֱŵɽ±ϣ˳ɽ¹ȥ
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үӺʯͷվſڵԶԶĿŮһιүﻥ࿴һۣѵҰ
Աܣܣүүأ
ԶүӳŮֱܵǰŮõĲŷġ
ôˣҰ𣿡
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ʮʮа¾Ҫˣȥһˣ˳ҲðԼҵ
ˣĶȥϣִ˳糵
ССϼ˶ʮˣġ׵ġվġǼ롣оԼûˡ
ռ͵ĳУڲܿʲô취أ
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˵ȾܣһûӰ
򿪴ţǰԺӶ޺ˣשߣʵľŴؽʵŴǵ̻ƣǸղʦ⡣

28

䷿ʰĶ񳹵׷ˣ治
ǰԺóѼʮʮѬѬѼʮֻײܲһٽ
ָóסʮסʮ桢ѬѬѼֻѼʮײܲʮǰ͵ƻӸ
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⣬ǽһˣҲ׼һ񣬶ллİæףһǼ˷ˣǰҰݸ꣬ʣ㣬ȺԺһǽȦͲ˵Ȧһ𣬺סֿɾ㣬ʯͷ򵥽ʵˣ˳һ²˵غܲܶң»Сĵ㣬Ҫǲðˡ
ȴһ£Ӧû⣬ܸ㣬ʳضȱҪе׼ԺӻʲôҪ𣿡
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˼ҶģڶǾ˵Ǯ٣ûĺһֵ˾ë˻ȱҵĻأ
⻰һڵļ۸㣬ҲǼ̫֪࣬Ѱ죬ͬп϶Ϊ㣬ͿԼıˡ
УҲˣΪΪҲǳصģһ治¡
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Сﱳ¨ƻյˡ¼ԭؿԶȥ
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ѶǣҲûͣ뿪
ʱ˸û˵õطһֻĸ̵ӣˮͷܺãڼƷŮӲģǷ˵ǾˣӶʲôɶ˵ֻǾ֪֮ͣķ޸ӣв
ȱٺõĶûһࡢһͷʵڡǲͬʱͬ˼ײ
ǽˣţԺӳأտžǡ
þûȥվˣȥ
վλ̣һᣬŽȥҶ
ڷĵطңҲûʲôõģֻ˼СʯͷõġڶѷżҾߵĵطһСһ׻ĸСӣ͹ˮĿЩͷˣҶãϸľģԼϲˡ
һȦҲûʲôöȥŴ濴
ϴεĴƬſڰʮôСһĻƿԱߵĴ¨һ¨ССƱȵȣĿŶͦãǸǺõġ
Ѵ¨ĺſڷŵĻƿսռ䣬Ҳûȥңͳȥ
̿ܿͳֻҲûҪǮڿһǸָһţɣ̼İͳţ˵пն
վʱˣ˸طʰԼȪˮһͷſʼ¨װԼҵ
ѬѬѼֻѬһֻţ컨ˮҶһƻӸˣ̫ûȥҲ鷳߳Աðɣһ»ãŲǺأһʮС϶ڰ׾ƺͷؼװɣʲô
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Ҫ֪ǵ򣬿϶ˣ
мʲôö񼸾仰ˣ˵ҲͲˡ
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Ů׼ĸү˵ǹõһˡŮһֲٰģѵõĺöүͷŹӣһƬܰ
˽һֻѼүӺʯͷˡ
ˣҶʼæµ֪еҲؼҹꡣ
ڶ緹Ժ̵ܵܶӢм˵иŮ֪ˡ
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ԼʲôϵҪȥӲѵΪԼЦأеģ
Ŷûø͸
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лľ˽ؼҹ꣬лڻվǳǺȣִͬеľҫǮƱóҫһ˶ˣľԼȥϲɵȱͱһˣû˴еĹеĶˤˣ˵ĲǺء

29

һ˿ͬ鶼ûУ֮˱пɺ֮⻰һû
רүӵģҲûżߣү죬˻˼
ԱҲĵľˣ뿪װ˻⡢һ¹ǰȡƻӡװԺүֵܲײҲһЩװһ
𩱾ѲҪûģүԼֵܲײˣ¡Ÿߴ˧𩱳ҲģÿĽ
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ʮС꣬ҼһɨҲ⡣
ɨɾ·ֶϴĹưҲˢϴһ飬ԺļᶼûŹү۶ˡ
ڴϣŻҪЩʲôͲ˶У涼ȱǹҲУ÷ѾҲˣʱȱʲôٴӿռðɣ
ȥռתһȦȻһЩʳɲֿ￴û仯ЩڻʳҲ£ЩʳӡԼˮˣŵӣܶһˮҲõ㡣
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緹涼˾Ϳʼͷֻһ룬Ĺꡣ
үӿŰֵͷһеδŮĺûҪǮð
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ʮ죬Ѵͷ¹Ϳռó±ˣζƮ˺ԶҺֻһҡ
ʮϣܶ˻û𴲣ˣʲô취ȥӱ߹һȦ״ӿռóСģûأ
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үӺŪȥ򵥳緹ү˾һ׼ҹ
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Ļһˣ̽ӣ˸ӣȸүһƿ׾ƣԼСʯͷһһƿˮݳˡ
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үүŮһЩˣŮˣүүֻܳԺúȺãУŮףүү彡Цڳ
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ڴûĥѣܹô̹үӽӳչǡʼҲⷽأСϻ۶£Т˳ֺãǸɶõĺӣҲϲССͣչ˼˵ǳԵģСչǹ治ôõĺǲϲѡ
ǰǰǸʦǰôһأ˵Ҷüûң͸Ͻˡ
жû˳ǡʦˣҪǶһƺ
ĵСѾͷ˵һղǶٸˣеġ
һǶԲˣôöȥȳԸͷ
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ôţȥ׽ֻ
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϶лŹ˵н̹͹ˣ˿ɲ̫̰ġҵĹǸҪˣүүүү
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ÿһͷ߳Աġ
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ǰСѾͷĸͷóԣζ治
үҲǷ޼ˣһͷԵǸпҲǹû߰ɣ

30

үӴȥţȷе˵ȥսѡϴүӣʱĳġ
ͬүµıսȣͻϼˡү취˹˾Ͷϵ
ջϼҵʱүҲ˴ֻһֱûϢ
ϴκȾʱ֪ıˣȥ
үһֱ£ʹŮһȥ
ﳵһСʱ͵Ӵ壬ӻͦ󣬵˴ϺֱӴүӵļҡ
ԺӲʰĺܸɾϳһשľṹķӣһƬ˵أľʣϡϡżаײˣԺи˱Ŵϴг
үӾôԺˣĽг֡
ͬӡ
ԺͣĶ˼룬תվſڵˣĨˣ㶵վš۵ۣҪȷǲǿ
ͬӡ
үٴοڻ
ǰӹгү߽Ժӡ
ųDDųDDų
ۺǼһһүӣ˽ıһ桭ۿᡣ
ųû뵽Ⱳӻټ㡣
СӲףҶüˣСӸҵġ
ųʶ𩣿
ʶǸĺ
үӲ˲۾ſڵʯͷ
ųȴźӽöûǺúģ
èDDԱʯͷүү
ͣг͵ܵܰվţүӻԼͺʯͷǰʺá
үүãүүŮ񡣡
үүãҽʯͷ
DDãԣãһʹ񽨾Сʱ򡣡
սӣү˸УЩˣҲܽܡ
ŮɱСǿˣТӡ
ͽСʱǴҲгϢڻھ𣿡
ˡ
ǨDDŨDDųDDôҶ֪úõô͡
ûʲô˾ҹ֮ѡΪ׵Ҳְ𡣽ǺúúҶˡ
öûսѣһǰһҳ̣ҲһԼ´εĺȾʱ䡣
ү泩սѣŮؼҡ
תůҲʼæµ
ֵˮʼˣҲĲæµ֮ΪעľƬ
µףűѹĵӣǲˡȻˮû죬ٵĵ룬ǿ϶͡
¶̧ͷҲôʼ̧ͷһ졣
رʣӳȫ׳ոˮ
Ͽʼ粻ȫո꣬ö˼緹ûԾͿʼץ㣬ŮˮͰץ㣬еͽץ㡢е¨צе趼ˣϲЦտ궼ûôˡ
վ߿ϲõǶϣģ룻Լġ
ôȻĹɹǶеȲˡ
ʵûأֻɹԺ
ĵʮ̫Сû㡣ܵĸͷ󣬶һңǸཱུĺܽʵžϲˡ
ӳһӣͷ֡ÿܷ˿ڶĸϲЦտ˿ٵҲû˵֪ͼλʦзݣҲʮ
ӳȫ˵֪ңĶĵؾ͹УʣµҲ˭ҲŵȴȻûģ붼һЩأû¾֣е
峤ץţҸСˮӾУ硣峤ҲǣôĵأҪѣʮߡ
ɹɵĵȳˡĶĵأǧٶĹӣ־ɹȳˣϵĶֱᣬǸǱźӿͷˣҲõĺӱ
СӲ£Ҳ֪Ժöˡ
ڷӦĶӳվԱߵүӡ໡ޣʮˣ޵ĸһûȡЦ޳˴ҵ
尡DDͷˣͷ˰ֶŮDDⶼֶŮб£ҵĺֶŮҡ
үӿԼȿ޵ˣĿ϶ǣֺЦ˶ԼȣûĶֶ˵ԼŮģ⻹˵ãѵӿ޽ˮˣ
ʲôģҹԱӵСްҴ򰡣쵱үҪ𣿷֡
ŨDD尡ֶŮд㻹ɢү
Ҫ𣿰ҷֺú˵
ҪҪֶŮҪҪ
ٺ٨DDСӡ
үҲǱƤˣЦˡ

DDСӹ
ǺǺǨDDӳ̫Ц˺Ǻǡ
ɹȳϻصЦŴ峤ûûƤ㷢ĵϲúͶļ顣
裬ҰҲ̫ˡ
ɣֻҪҲӣʲô
ӳӶ㣬֪

31

ܲõճĶٶٽǾͶ١ճɵĴ뽻ʣµʳֻܱ֤š
ڸǴϣĴţʳܷܶһʲôǶָ߲ˮһճɱһĻ࣬һ൱ճɡζܵ飬Ǽֱ롣
ǴССİΧм䣬һһлšҪǲǷǵø¿ͷ
үӿűȺΧŮﶼǽοվүߵСʯͷŽ㱻˸лĶԺﰵ룬ԼҲҪһб¡
ޣлл㰡˴ҵҡ
лл㣬ǵͷˣҲöˣԺʲô¾˵һ
ùãлл㣬Ժд׳ˡ
̣лл㣬Ҫѧϰõˡ
ʲôǰûôڴ߶ûע⣬ֱϴθǽ갲ȫ֪ʶðСͷм񶼴󣬴񡮹̡еļ
һעô̱ˣ
ؼһүӣЩûҽУ̡ĸоǲһˬ
үӽǱСģͳȥôһСľ񱻡̡ˣ͸š
ҶҪⶼǴ峤ʹҵĹͣؾṩһӶѣûʲôҶ׵ܳԱҲˣǰӹ˱ʲôҪ˵ˣDDҶǵ̵ˣЩӦõġ
Ҷ̡ЦСôôϡм˿ſɰ
λʦȺԶǵĵѧһ޿ЦߣﶼԺ
СѾͷܺӣҲԡ
¹⻪еԾԾԣҲ
Ǽ˰ãĴֹãԡ
Ž÷ѵ˵ĳ¹⻪ʱ͡
ŴĺʱڣԼҵǰԺ˹͸߲ˡԺĲ˲˹ˡ
붼ûȥϣȥˣҪǵӲù
ڶһ磬ȥϡ
³û߶ԶͿӵһֵܴĴûϳĻװЧ
˸ƫƧĵطԼű¨ڴһԶͼҴҵܹˡ
㣬㰡ҶˣǴҶأ
һСϱίģ񶼲Ŀ
ţңǾõˣ˼
ûûУ˼ûϵģǶ˴ߵû취һؼңָͶˣûеط˯
DDô
ţһԺȦ˯һ
ǸϽ߰ɣ
ֱȥԺӣֱȥˡܲ鿴ԺӣԺķǽʰͦã˵ضˣ룬⡣
̽ʶԺӰȫȥǰԺóװһʮѡСһѼʮʮ壬óѼһ
š۵һŽŲȾͽ˹ĺĻȦ˴ߵе࣬ð̹⡣
ôңҺ¡
С̣Ҷ챻ǻˣٲҾͱ˸ųˡ
ٽҹҸ㼱챻ȺҴĸŽй̣Ҷ㻹˿Σ𣿡
ͨDDⱲֻͦ󣬵̸оô
ܲܲ£˵Ҿ;Լˡ
Уᣬ˵£ɨDDDD
Цֱۣͣ⻹ǰǸüһ𣿲˯Ȧ˯ɵ˰ɣ
ԺŪĲˣûоɼҾ߶ԻЩҪպõʦҲУ㿴Ű죬ҪԻļҾ߶ţֻҪҲӶ࣬ЩžͺҲѼǵģԼŰ졣
¨ͳƻһһ߿ƻߺںԺתһȦ
˰ѲŲ˵أ߾УҪɾͨ硣ҪвסȫҿˣҾʲôĵʱ򶼷ԺҪעͺá
õģҾסˣûطɶ㣬ûط˯
˯ļԼҪһʰԺҲ㣬¶㡣
ţģһῴŰ졣
æɣҾˡ
Ǯ׼ȥǷ
Ǽ񶼺ܸˣɫܺãĲֱ˸Ҳûˡ
ʶôʱ䣬֪ǵеĽƾ39꣬ŮĽ32꣬ǰھʲϼңû˵Ҳûʡ

32

ȥһ˻վ߽·Ƭסլȥ;һլһƬԺӶûסȽƫƧ߹ζûˡ
ߵǰȥһԺڷݺߵĽЪϢˮʵ̫һȪˮִӿһͷ
ʱһǽ֮Ժﴫ˽ŲһˡͷûҽôڽֱΣա
Ŵ˵ӡ
Ǹȼ߶û
Ҳû취ߵļε鱨ǺҪԽԽá
˺֪ˣǴӾһ·ˣֲ̫Ͳð졣
ˣЩǮţ治ǵġ
Ƕأ
ȷ𶯣߰ȫ
ˣһʱתƶ
֪ˣߡ
Ż˵ĶԻע⸽İȫ񾭽
һŽŲ뿪һǽ֮һȴԭû֪˷ǳǸݽɫԼŵµשҲûʲôӡץű¨ռ䡣
սռ䣬ڵ˾Ŀǽǣ͵һӷǽԺ鿴һ뿪
ͷˣֱ֪˻ɱǹĵڿռšȻûᣬߴϢٴλصԺӣתһȦȥˡ
ȵȣٵȵȣпεȵľһЩΪ뿪ˣֽˣԿ϶ղһֱڸй۲ԺӡɨԺһȦ뿪ˡ
ȷԶڿռﻻһ·
ռûͣͷǽղӴԺִԺӷһԺӣĸԺӣȷû˴Ӻųȥߴӣ·ſǹߡ
߳ӣղŵӾǰߵ·ڹ۲죬ʵ̫̫˿Ҵ⡣߿˼ۣԹȻ뵽ɵǸС
㰡
̣
̫̫ڱ̫̫֣˱߱ģӵķȥֱ߹ǰӶûۿһۡ
̫̫·û˵ĵطû
̣ҽȥͬѧûҸһЩô
У̫ˣǸúӣлл㡣ˣǺ̼һֱȥǣҷ㡣
̫̫ĳָ鷳ΪллʹӦ´θʳ
վȥˣֱӻؼҰɣ
ǾвЩ൱ڶʱըָɳʲôǻе̨Լ취
ȥûδһСӵĻŪôݾԼҲ˶ϣɲܰѰᣬôأ
ˣȥ𩣬Ŀǰõİ취ܽԼֲǣ棬뵽̾ж
ҵطʰԼȻȥͣĵطүүӸʡĻؼ˼ҵġ
񵽵ʱڣүӴ
磬ؼҸүү˵һ£˵ҴȥҪҰæЩһؼңġ
õģһȥ͸үү˵أ
ڳվأ˵ˣ硣
ԼСĵ㡣
õģİɡ
ֱվյһҪߣֱϳ
ʮӾ͵سǣ³𩵥λôߣǺܽ
ûжԶѲߵͬ־ǰɣɿ
ͬ־ã**ôߣ
Сȥʲô
ȥˡ
ܶǶʶ˵˵Ҫ˭
𩡣
ӳ°࣬һȥ
лл壬
ͬ־ȥǵλ
óȥûֻܵˣ
緹ˣӻˣӿһţɿⶫĥʱ䡣һţɻû꣬ͻˣ칫⣬Ϊֳʲôˡ
ôˣүүأ
壬үүûһġ
һ˴ģ
ţкҪż飬Ծ㡣
˵ʲô£ֻҪܰﵽĿ϶㡣
أҸȫĵط˵
һ֪࣬˵Ĳһ£ʹֱȥǾֳ칫ҡ
Žȥʮĺֳһڰ칫ң֪ϴι˿ڰСܸˣҪ˵Ҳ档
˵·ǳأһ˲Ŵǡ
ͬ־˵˵ÿ仰ǶԴӡ
ֳϿҵĶ֤ģΪǺӶ˵Ļ
СʱǰϷֵģ˵ʲô鱨Ժǵ˻ȥתƵ̨ҾأԾˡ
㷴ӳʵ̫ˣûв˼ǵ˽
жҾϵλ˾СӲɿҲġ
˵Ļ㷴ӳǻӣҲԴŹһˡ
ֳĻڷˡ
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ˣҺһ˴棬֪ĳࡣ
DD̫Σˣû´Σз𣿡
ģû֡ر˵е£ǵʱǧСġζ벻ô۵Сӡ

33

óһֻǦʺһŰֽһṦͻ˵Ļ
һĺа˾ŷӺܸߣһװң彡׳Ҳһû֪ľЩ
лͺðˣСѾͷб£Һͺá
ֳܾϲ࿴
ûʲô£纫ֳ극Ϳؼҡ
ˣûүӡ
ڿռ¡ʱҪûռ䡭ԺҪСĲźá
ºڼ˰¡ֱٴεŽɢ
ϢǴȫʤǱؼļϸץϢߺȫɻ˳ǻµЩ¾Ͳ֪ˡ
Ҳ溫ֳʾлͬʱа˰ٿǮĽ𣬺ֳֽ٣ܵ˵·մջҲС
ϸץҲҲˡ
ԼС⣬ʽܹǧŰٶ࣬úúŬ
˵ʵǧһʾ޿񻹿ϣ֪ˣ
죬ǳҰ˵ĺʱڡ
⼸СʯͷҰˣˡѹӢҰȲˡާ˵ȣܳԵĶûŹɻؼҾǳ衢ӡӣһٺóԣʳ˸顣
⼸үӵ鲻áڵ֪ү˸Уܡھʿ԰ʱֻңǽȥ㣬ɨĹѡ
үүȥְɨĹɣ
㡣
ûʲô㣬⼸ߣٴ㶫ͻ
ðɣ㿴ʰ
үʵȥǹСģŮô˵Ҳͬˡ
ڻ죬ȥɨĹҲһθԭİɨĹԺĸĸ
ʰҪĶϴ·ʳҲİпռڣʱװɡ
緹ȥϣȻ೵
ƱУ11:38ֱģү̣Сʱںҵȡ
ʮʱ𳵲ŵվ³Ҳ࣬ϳҵԼλӣһһ̶š̵λŸСĸŮʮңͨǹû
ãһ£ǵλӡ
ѸŮŮǼۣǸͷӣɨһۣԸıźŲ̡
϶ǺӵĽӡүӺʯͷڴߵСᣬȥгԱ
гԱǸʮ߰Ůģô˵˼ӵĸŮעȥæˣŮʼͿү˲˳ˡ
ôСӲȼж࣬
ǲ䲻ȵһ䣬үӲмһŮʶֱӵûСʯͷø
ˮӰͳһҰӡ۵Ĵһҧ̵Ұ˺ŷֱҪ̫óԡ
߳ŰӣǱߵĺҲҪԣŮ۾˼ۣ
ʲôޣ˼ҵģܸҲ㡣
ֵ˵źӣҲ˳˵óԳԣúȺȣǲ
ҪǸģһӶ¸˾͸ˣǰô붼룬޾Ϳްɣ͵ƣҲᡣ
һ˳һִӰ˽ųԡԱ㣬ͳƻ㡣ƻĸֲҪƻԣŮҲô֡ӿŴӴǰҪԵģŮôţеֻ뺢ӶſҪˣôҲġ
źүеԲ£֪ˣվǰҵСкûųԡ
ҪDDҪԣҡ
ҪҪȥ
ͷųԲǰСûôģͿŮ˵ˡ
ҪԣҲ˸㣬֪ԣô
Ů˼ӳãִ̹˵ĻǴˡ
ͷܱȶãûͱ˾ҪҪȵģۡ
Χü̵˶עǣ⻰֪Сﲻǡ
Ůô˵ŭͶ
ССۻͶ˻˵ãôġ
ǲŹʺֱҧĺҲòȥҪҪȻǰɣûԺȾˣҲվӿԼĵУ󰡣ͱԼëλ˵Ĵߵ㡣
񿪿ھĸŮɫ죬Χ˱ЦС̫вţ˲֣ô˼
меûסЦˡ
үӻ̣ŮŶӶϱð
ͷӵĶʿ԰أҪҪȥôŮġ
ү۵ױĿŸŮ˿ҲǴŸŮ߹гүӵĻ֪Ů˸ˡ
үүҧһѵҪҧȥ˸ƽʲôһаأǧŮžͺá

34

Сﲻ򵥣ڲźТ˳ǲгүӵ֤ҪүӻλӣүӾܾˡһ鿴⸾ŮӲƱǵǸȻ󱻴ˡ
˿ûӰǵ飬óԾͳԣ˯˯
ʮŸСʱĻ𳵣ܵ˵ү˳ԳԺȺȾ͵ˡ
³ʱһװװʳĿհү³
Ϊүӻȥסùݣû뵽ֱǴһ¥ĴԺӡԺӺܴʰĸɸɾשĴ԰ͺͺʲôû֣Žһûˡ
үү˭ң
Լҡ
ˣ֪ԼھôԺӡ
ʵԺרŸүӽġүӻϼǰѷֵķӶȥʲôְλҲûΣôϼˡ滮һأүӽôһԺӣԺӺؾͶүӵģԺھҲǸرĴڡ
ǰİסһʱ䣬ԼҾʲôĶȫһ¥Ǵ䣬Ǹү׼Һ鷿
ǽǱͨ¥¥ݣȥҸ䣬ұķ鷿Сʯͷķ䣬涼õͦãǰûסķ䶼Ǻ۰Ů
ⶼܸɾԼүӷĴ̺ã˼򵥵ĳ˵㣬ϢˣʯͷǺүүһס
ڶһ磬棬˳ȥʿ԰
ʿ԰ڽɽϣڼרŵĹ
һСʱ͵ɽ£ү˲ɽһӢȱĹܳءõǶȱѪģǻ֪ǵҪμǵĸ
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ĹǸӢµӣžװӢ˧Ͱְ֣Լİְ֡
үӿӵƬݺᣬͦεȥүӵһӣˣûܶʵ
ƬӢӾģѪʲôҲ˵ġ¹򣬶ĹϹְ֨DDҵӢۡ
ְ֣ģһչ˺үү͵ܵܵġ
ƬаְֵĳŵҲԼʵ뷨
벻ͬ顣
ؼҺүӾɵˣ֪үĲ
ϸүӺһռȪˮιүӳһġ
ү˹ԵĶҲʲ١
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ǰһΣһҩܿҹģС˲򵥡
ǰ䣬˼˻ǵϴκ˲λڿռţڿ͡ԣô£Ǿͽȥɣ
Ŵ̨վŸʮеģһץҩк̬ͦãûΪСӶ
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ӿ¶ļƬҶӾ֪˲Ρɵ򿪿ʱǳԾˣҰΨDDϲΡ
ţϲΣDDǡСȷҪ𣿡

ããȻű߰
˲ȥ棬ôţš
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𼱣ߵأ
һλĿߺ͸ոյӼ
СҪ𣿡
Ҫ۸㿴Ÿʾ
Ļۺ
ʣʣ϶ۡΣүүͺãҶξ꣬ͺá
үүãҽ񡣡
DDԣúӡʵ˵Ǻöһ˲ЧãҸǧ㿴ô
үӸļ۸ļˣԶԶĹۣ⡣
УͰүү˵ҪǮ
û⣬һϸ׼
ĹξһСˣó˰˴ʮԪǮƸû
㲻𣿡
ξ꿴ʣСҲ̫ʹˡ
Ǯʲôģ˵˲㣬Ժ󻻱ҡ
𡢱ǮȻ٣ԺʲôʱУҸöԡ
񰡣˵û߾ߣ˾ͺáүү⻰㻹кö
ţһġ
񰡣ǸҲүүòãүү˵žأ۸˵Ŀ϶Ҫ㿪ۡ
У˵þɣʹһҸ͹۸˵
˵ú󣬴ǮμҸ뿪ȥǮսռ䣬ȥվؼҡ
³˸ѩҲԶĹ԰УԱ߳˵Ȥ
ʲôã˵ԺӣǾʮԺҲǮǶԸ¥˵⻹ƫ˵㣬û취㣬Ҫٵȵȿ
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УˣŶ֪ͨ㡣
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ǣҪ𣿡
ԣ˵˵ҪǺҼһҼҾס⸽
һˣ˵һһȥ
ܴĺԺмһǽҲܿҾʲôӶҪż֡
˺⣬ҪеԺӺĻĵأܴһƬиʮĶ

35

˼۸Ժǧˡеҧҧ˵ǧ۸òɽʱԽԽá
ٶеĸ˵д־ݣԼеŹõ֤ٸʣµǮһٽס
ӽͷºǸˣ˵һȥͺã鷳һˡʡʡģҲֵڡ
ڶһ磬үʯͷˣŵȥ԰ӡʮͷ󺹵ˣе֤ûͺȥԺｻӡ
ӽʰ˼ֵǮСӣеԿ񣬾뿪ˡ
ڼų֣ܶûֱڷʵҲЩĶҪ˵õҲһЩϼҾ񻹿ϡ
ȥԺתһȦӺųȥһºĻĵأ˳㡣
Ժã֤͸ȥҩꡣ
ʱүӸˣܸˣӭžȥ
ȥóһ˲θүӡαݻøͷҲ󣬾ֱӿۣ˸
һ۸㿴
Ͱүү˵ɣ
ʹ죬үҲĥߴ׼õǮֱóǮ塣
˲η˼飬ү̾
˲ο϶û⣬Ǿү¡
˳һ죬үӾ˵ˡ
DDӣСزա
үӣȥˣһಡĶӣ⺢ӹǴСͲãЩүûΪӷ񡣽Ͳˣһ첻һ죬үӾЩҩţǴΨһѪҪ취ġ
һ⡣
үүܾȣͿ˼ҸҲԣ
ѾͷDD⻰ģ
үĺܼץס֡
£ҴӲϹ˵
úãүү㣬ֻҪа취ͺãǾ԰ɣôҲûÿɺˣ㡣ҪκˣҪүүʲôУֻҪͷܰ쵽ġ
ӿͣͳһСƿݸүӡ
ҩÿһţ˯ǰáٸķӵһ˾ûʲôˡ˺ˣ鷳֤֤ⷿûʲô󻼣ҪҪⷿӺĻĵأơⶫҾ˺ٰ죬Ҳ
үһСѾͷ˲ڲˡ
ţүү׵ģ֤ûκ鷳
УҾ͵ĺϢˣҩպˡ
үϼҵĵַ뿪
ſڣֱӰүŽȥ
֣⡭
Ҫ˵СѾͷ򵥣ҩ
ξսһţһҩֱƢ泩Դ
⣬ҩ
ͷҽô꣬ĵҩûɲ˰СѾͷ¸ˣҪðɾˡѾͷ򵥣ܰľͶһ£󻹲֪˭տ˭أ
õģ֪ˡ
Ҫô˵ϵүǻ۽𾦡û鷳񣬲Ǻ󻰣Ҳ˵
ԺӺ˰죬һᡣ⼸ȥˣôҲҪүӺʯͷȥԶٺõģطˡ
ؼңүӺʯͷöˣүںˮأҲǸսš
үүͦ硣
ţûʲô¾ͻˣүүԱȥԷ
ٺ٨DDҸղŻŴүүʯͷȥأүһȥˡǽүүͣŮǮô˵ˡ
DDãүүͣҹԱǮҪúóһ١
үӿЦҲ⼸ЦһأڷŶ
طҶˣǰ棬滹пѼ߹ȥҲԶ
ãǾͳԿѼ
㣬Ѽó𣿡
һ㳢֪ˡ
ʱǾͳţүү͵ܵȥ
÷㣬Է˲١ӦĿѼУ˵һֻѼһľ⣬ը档
ٶͦ죬ûһ˾ˣζʵûôϣʳԭеζҲߦ棬ˬڣүӺʯͷԵͷ
һٷ˳ԵĿģŻؼҡ
ؼҺү˵ϾߣƱˡ
Ѽﶼʰһõ·װãʱ䲻˲˯
һ緹ԵĶ
緹˻˵ȥ䣬ԵĴŻϳԡүʹӦ˲ǮƱǮƱͳš
ԼǮүӾǰŮǮŮ͸ˡ
ȥ˼ֿζձɫģҲ˼Ҳ˼ӼһЩû򣬳ʲôʱӿռþͺá
·үӺʯͷ·Ӳ϶һףתŸԼҲףʵûʲôľͻؼҡ
ؼҾͰѶװãŰʰһߣүӸʰùܡ
԰ҵүүֲøʱԺӶܸɾԭ˴ɨ
ԼԴе⣬ⶼû뵽
үӴȥϵķԷһһˣһһը棬үӺϲҵը棬ζȷʵ
Ա㣬ؼ˯˸ĵŶȥվ
ʮĻ𳵣͵˳վ
ҺܴҲ٣һġ˸ٵĵط£үţʯͷôˣͦ֡
ͬһλӣһλƯ裬ﱧҵСкں塣裬ĺܿɰҲɾƯԱߵЦŴк
һСźȥ䡣
үүСʯͷ˵ŻʱʮһСʱʱ䣬߶߶
ߵſڱϣոǶĸӽȥܾöûǳʲô˰ɣ
ȥֻͳһʮ괩ĺͨĸŮﱧһúʵСӡӳû·Ь񿴵ǸղƯ豧Ск˲ٴȷϣǸղŵСк

36

ûͬﻹ֪ûȥݻȾȺҪ
µﵽүߣܱ߶ûˣ˼ҿڡ
үү˵£ղԱߵǶĸӳˡӱ˹ˣǰͰԱߵŮıšӵӦûڲûȥȥϣȾȺ˵
үȵţɫŮ˵
㶢ţүүȥˣѿࡣ
õģүүСĵ㡣
үɫ糣첽߳ҡ
ǣСʯͷ֣ܰһ𣬰СʯͷҲҪ˺á
ôŶ治ԶŮˡɫţĴͬ
ǣСʯͷСûɿվλǰһҴ˵ӣҲĴŮ˺ƽ˲٣˳Ŀ⿴ȥʮ׵ĵطһһŮڸŮʾ
˺͸Ůһģе
ŮıźȥǣʯͷҲſȥ
бԲߣʯͷСš
һ֣ʹޣҪ¡
Сʯͷɵĵͷ֪ҪˣȻҪæ
öԲߣÿүӽˣһӵĸŮүӽͿˣĺܽͽүˣĵĳǶŮ߹ȥ
ŵĶŲԶĸŮûע
үүס˱źӵĸŮŮתҪ
ھǰŮˣ˲˵һּ۾뿪ס³ϵŮˡŮˤĲ֣еĿ켱ˣŮ˵ĸ첲ϣþܡ
ʱʯͷС֣ۡһ˵ע⣬ϵð˫絶ĵ
ô۸СӰŵġ
ʲô˰ô˻Żӣ㻹ң˵ǰɣˡ
˾֪۸Ů˺ӣ㻹𣿡
ô׺ݺݵĿҸţ
ź޵еģɿŮ˸첲֨DDҪӣ
һ´ȥץסĸ첲ĴָѨá
˲۸Сҵܵܶˡ
˵ôû취ѣ̧ȾҪ
ôܸᣬ̧ųСȾһ£˭Ҳˣʱɫ԰׵ز
ΧűӸŮĹְԱһɤӣ
۸Сװ
סŮºӣүӺͬ־͹ǲ˵ŮĽ£ֱӸ
ͬ־һŮ˻Բѵĺ裬Ůӹһ١
»վܶ˶ˣԭղץأĶơ
ղļҲһҲСæʱǶܿɰ
ү˼򵥵Ľ龭ݲ£Ϊˡ˵ַү⽻Ҫѵַ߱ˣү˱Ա˻𳵡
ϳҵǵλӣ˲ŷղ̫ˣﶼܳ졣
үӿԼıŮôôá
ҵĹԱǳˣıүү궼
үүϽˣ»ǵһһʮŮǴֵġСʯͷǽСӢۡ
˵žʯͷСһڡ
DDöãҵĹԱʯͷǺúӡ
СʯͷܺãүүҲûò˼Ҳ˴£ˣС϶Ц
һ·ô߸˵ĵسǣо·˲١
ǵڶʮһ㵽վ³ճվͿվڵ𩡣
ӹүרǵġ
Сô֪ǽ
ӵĵ绰֪
Ǹ˵
DDδϣھĻվ˼£ºͷ򵥣ԡ
֪ˣҰľϸ˵һǰɣ
ûǴ¡
Ӧõģھ߰ɣ
ǽӵǵλϸ˽ľһҪȥϰ£԰˳ͻؼҡ
͵ңҹҲûסĴ㣬ֱ뿪
ߵʱ˵
㵽ģĻ˵ùû¶ȥ䣬Ҳʡ£
ֱһ˫Ӿĵļ˻צӣϽˡ
صʶԼ衣ֻúúСʯͷҲӴһ
ڿռϴСʯͷһܲȭ
ţֱ³һ졣
һүӾæ³һòΪŮաŷӦԭա
ӹ춼ˣԺҲȥ
ڶһ磬ڼè˿һµȥϡ
ٴ̤ԼԺӣ⡣
ӽʵԺӸɾԺķŲټҾߣľֵĶսռ䡣¸ǵĳҲ룬̨ͳһӦȫ
˵˰治ɿ˷ġ
鱶ãڳ˰ĳסѼ𡢻ĵʮˮͰԼĵյģӳʡ
ȥ˵תһȦճ;鵽ǰԺˡ̽ǽͷһǣ˱ӹ顣
ںԺء
һ˽Ϳվڳſڿƻ
²ԭ񳤸˲٣˴ﵽɢǿϢϷ۰һǼϸĺӡ
ˣϷż˵Ĵƻ˳ԹζǲˡһͳʱӶǡ꿦ꡯҧƻ͹ζ
ԺŪĲЩҾҲܺãЩˡʳһ㣬ŸԻһͰ㳢ʡ
֪󷽣Ҳû
ԺҪססţҿôĲ˵ؿſϧҪ־ֵˣԼҲԼֵĶҲûϵ
ллǾЩ˰ɣǶпգҲ㣬ԼҲܺù١һõԻԺģǿºͻĵҶˣֻҪð죬֤ʲô¡
»Ǵˣеǣǲʲô
Щģû⣬ֻҪܸˣطԺġ
ţҪ٣ʾ

37

ʽ⣬ʳضȱ
ô⣬ӳٽﵾȷָʣǧﶼ֡³һĵҪջˣյĻе㡣
ÿҷ˼㣬ûؼһԾͶҪӳһÿƬﶼ㶼׽ȥ磬ǲŰġ
⵾Ǵǵͷ˭Сӣܳϣﲻ㶼أƽʱóԡ
ͷæˣű¨ȥҹ̡ϴδӦ͹ȥֱȥ̼ʮ׺Ͷʮ棬ƽ֡
˳ȥ˿ƾɷ򸾣˲ȥˡƾ˵û˵ҲǾ泩ɤҲ׺ҲЦֻǻЩ
һЩʳָһǮƱӸ·һ˫ɫСƤЬҲûⶼ¡·ʽģһһ㳣ӣ֪ԼĹϵ·ҲһˡЩºԼ޹ҲûʣǷ˲ôദͺã˭ûܣ
ŵһĳ죬Ħȭֻո
ÿѵʯͷɽҰҩģӹĺա
մɽϻûüȿˮĴȾͺȥ
ί֪֪Ҳڣţʹк
֪֪࣬ãҲڡ
ãҺ֪ü顣
á
֪໰٣ҲпǺ죬򵥴кԵúĮҲû⣬ʼԱԼİ
ã
ǴӾİúá
лл
ŰתͿԼлҲûԽǰߡ
Ǹİʲô԰ڵģ
󣬵Χ˶
Լø԰ˣ
Դ⣬ҪȻû£ʵôͷҲûصߡ
ؼҿŷİв²⣬һȻξĹġ
һЩСʳ·һŷ⡣үױдţ˵ҩЧããϲξѵû˲Σ»ĵλҲæ˵ȵȡ
ŷ滹Ժӵ֤ͺʮĶĵص֤񳹵׷ˡ
ڿռ꣬͸үд˻šС˲ΰãϴε¹ҲүӷһС룬ָţɺСү¾ơ
ڶһȥˡȥʾָүӷ˰̨ϵƱ͸ûȥղء
æһоȥԼԺӣóסװѼ𡣵齻꣬Ȱʣµ´㣬ͼҴҵĸϻȥ
зе̤ʵҲúĴ㡣
˶æµոӣҲæŽ̵ܵܶ飬үү塣
Ȼոһˮճɺܺãճɵզֻ࣬ǵһأ
ͷҲСÿ˷Ķڴ磬ٶһЩ
һճɽָ£ء׷ʡʼء
ôеĲľҺͷ㶼ڵõغúֵڶˮ
ʮĶũʱ䣬ӳÿҷ˶ʮ´ףôҳʣӺøɻǶϲ裬־Ө͸Ĵ׿žˣǿɵúúóǸʲôζ
⼼ָԱҲм졣
Ҳʮ㣬ͷһҡԣүӰŮ㶼ʰãͱȥԺȲˡ
۵Сײ˺źףˬڵĵ㣬һ迴žˡָү׼һ̻סһ̳⣬ʳǰͷүҪ½үӵŽŲ
ҴȾˡ
½үӺ̫̫һĻһʮҵĴСӣһװңͷƤĶ̴ǸŨüۣӥǸͦտžͲýӴɫƤܽʵ׳ɫУϲһ˫ϵƤЬ˧
DD½ʱ䣬һǾͿˣһԣ
үӸ˵к
үүãܵúá
òʺãôһһ۵˵ţûκα顣
½ɽĶӰɣ
ɽĶӨDDƽСʱ
ƽһת۾ʹСˣԷүүұǶûأһԡ
ллүү
ӹүӵݹĿӣҲûӡ
ѽпڸˣյĲû˵Ӷû£ƽҲõա
ԳԿζô˶࣬ӳԡ
½үӴһƿ׾ƺһСֽͲ϶˾˾Ϳˡ
¾ͳԣ½̫̫ˣÿ½ƽ죬Ҳ죡ʲôõʵڲðԼԼͺá
Ա㣬½˳ˣߵʱ½ƽк˵лܺóԡӦĵ˵ͷû˵
޹ҪˣӦá

38

ʱۣʱһ
˵Ҳܷܶ飬ıܶˡ
ĳɾһ㣬붼û뵽ģ֮ϲ
Ϊô࣬Եı仯Ǹ֪رԲڵ춯Σܸ֪ҲԶˣ仯ҲС
ʮһߣߵҲΪΪ˵ʷ˾޴ı仯ƴû˫ˮ۸ӺоĪ⣬̲סҪһ̽ĳ౾ͳɫΪľҲ仯Խ
ĵľСⱬ
ӳڴһĸ߲µϱϡʱܶ˶ţس߷ãڵõ֤ʵͲϱʱ䶯ȫ
ũҵŵԱʵؿ󣬴Ųµĵ뿪ڶϷ㷺ֲջܲҲʳضȱ
ȡDDõҲǸлô˵ĸ
Ҳյϲũҵŵ˫زƽ
ڴ￪˲ٻĵأ˸߲С͸߲ӶǿռƷģȻö˵ְѿռһˮҲֳɹDDöš
Ȼ̿ռ䣬ĹȷʵС
յ쵼˵ױʸлźһʸĽͬʱһũԺԺʿְλ
˹ȻǸְλһҲʮǮĸ¹ʺ͸ֲȻ͵ڴﰲĹСӡ
⼸꣬س򳤵С㼪ǴﳤǵĽԺͬǵı˰Ȼүӵӡ
񰲾ĹԼӣڱССͣΪôĹף꣬ȵ͵ܿɹ
Ҫ֪϶ᡮǺǡżæͷۻûҲû˼Ϲզ
Դӱ쵼дűͱֽ͵ӱҲˡ
žյȫżʼÿⶼȻţÿյ̫࣬һһҲֻŻء
ʯͷææͶŸûʱ䶼ţῴ꣬ÿţʱܾá
΢촵ǳɫ³ȹ¶۵Ľ׺СЬ˳ĳɿıһӴǰﱧһһСߡ
վСԺſڵĸߴӣôԶԶĹ˲ʵ·ӻ߳桢񾲡á
һĿŰ£⼸үӴȥ˲ΣЩǮʮټϸֽԼСڴСһүӿҪ˲ΣμǵǰǧڶҪü򣬶˲ھĴȦģǮ򵽵ġ
߱룬ûעǰӣֱ˲ӿڽס
èDD
˽ԼͷһǸʶĸߴӣվ½үӵСԺſڣʶ͸õҽУе㷴С
ͬ־ͺã𣿡
ʲôûմǰУܽиҲѪףĸû˰ɣֳƺûøС
ҲǺйһ֮Ե½ƽе㶡
ȻƯصСͲǵԼ˭еܴԼѵĺܳûӡʼԼĳࡣ
ĵĵһκŮкĽԼ
½ӨDD½ƽǼһΡ
Լǵúôˣ̬Ժá
ã½үү½̵İɣ½үүпȥҼҺȾƣûʲôˣټ
òĺ꣬ûʲôҪ˵ͻؼҡ
վԭص½ƽʲôҲûü˵ô뿪
⼸꾭עϢӸտʼľȵرע⣬񶼳ϰߡָд˼ҲûյţŷԼСе̫ġ
뿴үү̣ĸ겻С
СﳤˣԼĻҪɫãҫ۵˲òϲǵĨDDϲ
Ϊ֪Լ˵ˡ
ؼҴ򿪰үӵźͲһ˵¾ͺҪ˲Ρ
⼸꣬ռ˲ÿֻүռ˲Чˣ˲һϣ۸Ҳף⻹򲻵
Ѿүţ˵˵žʵû취һҪæٸΪԺӺͻĵһֱүӸæտչǣҪ϶Уֻܸһʱ仹û
⼸үүʯͷĺܺãүʮˣϵ˲ȫǿ׳ͱС½ү᲻١ãŮТ˳ÿû¸ɾֺǡʯͷڽĽ£Сѧͱҵڼҽе֪ʶ
үӴʮʯͷȥүӺȾˣŻ
ȥԺժһӵƻ棬Ժժ˼ѣϴɾѼ±߳Ա߿顣
һ˽ѼõŮʱֻΪת
֪֪࣬
һǰ˷ĸŹζǸȲϣܴвḷ̌кܶ͸ϰϣ˾ͽָѧҵ졣
ˮժģԼųԡ
˵˱裬ҲˣҲûô

39

Ҳûӳ
ڳ꣬ͳ黹һãľ
㶼ˣ
ûС
ЩҶˣż㿴ٻ
ɣԺͲˡ
˵ӣͷרĺȲ衣⻰Աߵһżˡ
ڣô黹Ҫģǲͣǡ
Ҷʮˣʲôʱ򣿡
ڴһĻ˶Ĭ
ǰԺȶǼֶѧϰ˺ܶ࣬ȴûǹɾǻҪֶãֶܼãʲôʱǸͷ
Щδ֪δ֪ĽǺã
ǵ飬ãȻûϣʧȥ˼ֵĶġ
ûȥſʮŲˣûһͣˡ
̧ͷϣ
ǲ֪ʲô
ڽſǲ˵ʲôˡ
˶ˣͻȻôһܲ
ҲȥӴĶĴǻ롣
ʵָ߿Ҳһ꣬ΪӰȫũҵƹ㣬ʳȱõ⡣ǻָ߿ü޵ˣҲûȥ
ʲôҲ˵Ҳʣȥúÿ飬ǾܲμӸ߿ǰôѡԼ
DDģģ
һվְ֣ȥ˫ԭתȦ
ҨDDǨDDһǽѧϰɣЩҿٻ㡣
㣬ʲôɶû˵ǹܺԼУ˵
ģҺڻúѧϰʲôҲ֪ʲôɾͶ鷳ˡ
ţ¾͹Ҷڼҡ
ãǾͲˡ
лл㣬ҪȻҾ͡
ÿʲôû𣿡
ԶԶԣʲôû˵Ҳû
лл֪ˡ
Ŷδ뿪ˣźͳֽȻͬ顣
ʱ䣬үӺʯͷҲˣҲϳʲô
ĩȻȣͳɣȥ׼
ʱ䣬ߦ桢ƹ˿ͽ϶׼ã͵үӺСʯͷ
ˮС˲ˣүӵ˵
һԷ겻
Ǻ˵һүгСʯͷ½ƽ͸ĵ𾢡
Աүүˡ
㣬һˡ
ſڵү͸ˡ
ʮСʯͷӳܹȥŽ֡ǰʲٻҲˣİ׾ɰٲȻһС̫
Ա½үүӨDDƽǰǼңڼԷ
ţ棬үүЪᣬϾͺáʯͷȥϴٹæ
õģ
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һԼС⣬оʮֽ𣬼ϸүӵ˲Σټ׷ֵǮСһ򡣻мƽ𣬵ⶫڲֻܶȷšЩղصĹŶֻͼҾߣЩΪòղصģҲû֣ﶼ
ЩǮܼ࣬꣬ѧҵһҵǹġ
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40

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ǰԺӴŽֻһʯС·ط˸ֻľԺӵĸľݳĲдУ̺죬ٲȻһСԺǰƽ
ӴӺԺݴеһãҫۡ
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41

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42

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43

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ֽ߽ңͬѧΧۡǰ۵СһΣͬѧǴֽĪЦûôԱ
ʦͬѧǲһѷɢһ
ֽڵĿǿѧһӢΣرã˲ѧʶνȤͬѧǸƿʣ¿˻δ
ֽʰ鱾̧ͷ
ͬѧһ¡
ֽˣʰԼĶϽ׷ȥ
һһСУ԰߹˹ľɫ˸̾޳
һϿθоô
ͬѧǺܺãʦҲܺá
ѽڷһЩĸ壬һֻȥ룬ˮ׼Ӧû⣬ż
ʦһŰѧĺ𣿡
ͦã̫ˣŰС
˼Ҹ˾ͺá

ĩпյĻȥҼҳԷҸóԵģλʦϵ𣿡
Ͳķһ֪ͨǣЩóԵľͳɡ
þƺò˵ǣܱ

44

ֽڸϾͷˡ
ڶ쿴õĸӣֽǾϲ֪㣬û뵽ĳϵĺáʦһˣѧֽ꣬óһӸûȥŷ롣
ôĺǸŽѧĺеܲ𡣡
͵߶ͣ˭ôأ
ҵĴˣʦҲεĺðɣ
DDԶԣҵΣҾ͸㣬ԺЩ
˾ͺãû˵
Ƶһӻȥ룬̯ʦôأ
ĩһ׼øֺʳģչΪλʦʳʳĺܷḻ⡢¹⡢㡢㡢Ѭ졢иֿռ߲˺ˮ
׼ˣү֪ҪҲûţŮ֡
ȴã¹ֱɰСѬпȷڹ򵥵Ĳʽٳ
һУү˿ʼӣ۲ģߦƤүӺʯͷ˸ԲĹĵĽүӵʯͷԽӵӰǸҪ˵ˣ氮ɣ
ûݸǵĽӾͰãүæʰʱˡ
ʯͷȥţӦʦǵˡ
èDD
ʯͷܳȥţүӸ˵ķŮĺò裬׼ݲ͡
ݵ裬ҲζҹԱТ˳ʲôöүүĸ⸣
ϲͺȣʡţŮٸ׼
DDúãЩϼһĸĽиŮүүⱲ֪ˣ
֪ˣүү׷㣬ŮûʼТ˳أ
DDүүҪеʲô׷ˣҹԱүүȥأ
Ͷˣӻͷأ
үĵֺǣҪүӸˣŮ˵ʲô˼Ҷϲ
ʯͷȥˣô˻û
˵Ļͳȥ
Ű뿪ţʯͷм̽Ӻ˵
ʯͷ˭ô˽
ʶ尢̣˵㣬Ǿ˼䡣
˽ⲻ񻰡
ã֪ˡ
尢̣
Ŵ򿪣һһŮ˽ˣܳԾ
壬հ̣ʲôʱؾģ
ƾɺ򸾡
ǵĵַҹŵǸɰк֪ĵܵСʯͷʵȤͶ˼䡣
ǰյĩ˵㣬һʱûˡ
ǺǨDDҲͦ尢̵ģû뵽ǻͦ졣
ŷߣԱߵʯͷԹԸŲ˵
ʯͷ̡
ã̺á
DDǹԺӣһ£пȥ̼棬ҺˣȥסҲС
ãпýȥ̡
ر۰񿴼ʯͷҲǺϲǣ߱ļ˽ݡ
үүҸ˵ˡ
үĸˣ⼸ƾӾҴүҲзݡļ·ûϹԼġ滨Ǯģ˼ġ
үһֱˣκβ㣬Ըˡ
죬Ҳû棬ʱͷӾӣԺͰǵС۰ҹԱҶ
ãҲҲûԺͰˡǵŮ۵ģԺǾͳ߶ҽƾɣ塣
úúãͷӽˣɣѾͷԺҪ⵱Լҡ
һ䡮Ѿͷۿûôйиͦá
壬ԺǷ᳣鷳ˡ
DD鷳鷳ͷӸˣӴǳסС
ǺãԺͳˣɱ
DDпվͺ;ɹסͷӸˡ
үʵϲޣ˺֮ǳȷһ㣬Եĺ
үӺƾɺȲ죬ڳæµʯͷҲһ߰æ֪Ϊһأ
ʱѲ˶׼ãֽڡϡ¹⻪ͽ÷Ҳˡ
үĻӭǡϵ⼸˶ʶƾɡ
´Ҿһˣ£̸ЦһٷԵĴҿ˾һȲ졣
ͽ÷ѳʰɾȥ¥Լ÷졣
壬û뵽ǻټǵĸǡ
ǰҺ;ɶȥˣǣϣûӣͰԼĺۡ
ţǸúӣԼĲĶûТ˳˵Щˣ⼸ꡭ
Щ£Ů֮ҳ̣Ҳеġ
ȥ鷿׼ôߵĶȻȥ䡣
ææȥľûš
ߡ
Ͱ㣬ǽ컹ûأ
СʱҵĶ֣Ҳ۸
⻰ؼҾ͸´ô㶺
˵ɣڼٺҶ죬ܲӮ
ǺǺǨDD˵㡭
ǾͿҸ׼ĺö
׼Ķ̿Ҫúÿ
˵򿪺ӣǼСƿӣһţζˡ
÷ţָպһֱԡ
ⶫã壬Ҳԡ
Ҳպһ㣬ԡ
ǲһǺöԼðɣ
רŸԼƵЧܺãúҩġһһףǽϴõģˮϴϣǾҺ
˵ͷͷǵͽ÷һĪ⡣
壬Ҷ֪ͻôིǿ۽ˣ

45

ҲǰøѩͶˣ泤ʶˡ˵һĸˡ
ǺǺǨDDǰڴӢŮʮģһѧ˼ҵĿͷС㼱
ǺǺǡ
ǺǺǺǨDD̷ģүү㼱һ㡣
ạ̃÷˵Ӣô£
㻹֪ϾǴʤ̵ġʤ̡ʦϣΪⲻ˻һأ
û뵽֮껹ܼӢۣȻ塣˵ռͿ⺢һǣҲԵ֡
ɲԵ֣һһЩյ˵⼸궼ûüôûˡǰչˣûˡ
Ƕүүһû׷ˣֻҪڣӻںͷأ
ǰֻҪӻںͷأǼʮˣûСѾͷͨ͸ֲù⻪Ͱ죬˵쳤ʶ
ɲҾûٺõĺӡ
λҰɣٿҾˡ
ǺǺǡ
DDѾͷ
⻤Ʒţõĺþͺ˵ԼõĻеġ
ãһúãöˡ
ɲζͲһ㣬Щöˣ˶񡣡
Ƿã˲Ρѩ֥ҩȡƳɵģЧְȫζҲǸݹŷϵġ㡯ģǶܺõģá
Ķûвõģ̷ġ
DDǣǶʶˣⶫžϲ
Ǿͺúã꣬ʮꡣ
һᣬŶȥ
¥µļҲĵȻ죬˵Цò֡
¹⻪ˡ
СѾͷûǰ
ˣͲ֪ĳЩ˴ũɵǲǵũСá
DD񰡣СãҾûĴáĺóԵġ
ɣ˵СѾͷóԵĲ棬ﻹûڳԵҪǲû
ꡭ
ǺǺǨDDѾͷ
DDDD

DDѾͷ⻪ְ˹
ҶȤĻĴЦﶼǻЦ
ûУǿСңд˲С˹
ԶԶԣô¡
¹⻪ͬʾôġ

ǺǺǡأ
û

DDЦ𣿡
尡⼸ģడ
ȵˮǶ࣬ߵʱ㡣
ҲôƤǸѧġ
Ҳͦãͦõġ
DDϵ
̣ôƤˣߵʱǡ
DDҰDDϰˣǺǺǺǡ
ϰŮ⻪⼸궼û˵
ֽڶү˵Ҳһ
Ǽλ̵ĺãϵܣй⻪ˡ
⻰ͱ˵ˣûһﶼչ˵ģﶼףҺ֣⻪Сл㡣
˰ûѹʱ򣬹˾ͺáǶǹҵļӦء춼ûˣԺпվ͹ԷȾƣҸˡ
һٷѾһɣ̸˵ºò
۵ʱǶݣǾͷ׷׸
ߵʱһһӶ׼ĺóԵġ˺үԼ´κȾƵʱ䣬뿪
ƾɷߵʱǼҵĵַпմʯͷȥǼ档еᣬ֤пվȥǣŸ˵뿪
үãϲļλʦƾɡǾ˵ˣȻûЩٺͿףֻϺ̹ȻүȻϲ˴򽻵
ڶڼֽڸȫãүӴʯͷȥ԰һȦɻĸ߲ҲðСѿƲռȪˮЧǲһ㣡
һϣյѧУſڣһӵ˺ͿŴү˵˸и߳ĺܽʵͨɾǸմũġﱧĺ꣬ǣŵңкһ۾ﳵУţ˵Ļͣ
ڵ
ĸϵĲ֪ûҡ
ڵû˵ĸϵȵȰɣ
ӽš
õģлл塣
˵ڵֿӣҪҵԼͬӽңͻͷʡ
ͬ־Ҷʡڵ𣿡
˼ǣźǰӦС
ǣǵģǶʡģDDʶڵǲǣҴźǰ쵽ģѧУûϿΣ͹ˣҡ
ڵͬѧȴȻᣬҽȥڵ
лл̫ллˡ
Ӱһĺӣﳵȥ
񵽽ڵû£԰¾ʹ
ĩп𣿡
ĩչͰĩˣͦôˣ
ĩҼҸһҰٻ¥ҵܶණۣȥɣ
а˭
ڵ㡣
ãͲ֪ûʱ䣿
ܣʣ׼Ƕȥ

46

˸˵꣬ڵҲˡ
ͦ簡Һˣ緹ûüԡ
˵ţڵѶϣ鱾
ڵ㣬ȱʰˣҸУſϹͺӣڡ
ʲô˵ϹͺˣɨDDҲû˵Ҫ
ȥɣкڴҵأ
ȥлл㣬Ҹʦٰ
Ҵҵܳȥ
԰ºΧļͬѧĴչԵڵϹ
ڵϹô
ڵˣ벻
Ϲ֪˵ǲǡ
ڵ϶Ϲϼңź಻㰡
ΧͬѧۣʵûκȤ۱˵ļ¡
ˣʦˣǶһŵڵϹͦãлǾ֪
һ֮Եûٶ˵ʲôҲôǵĺġ
署εʦʮĶֽڵİ칫Ҽǰ⽻룬콲ͬ롣ǰûѧͬ룬ú˼Ȥһÿýζ
磬һȥʳóԷʳþͿڵϹѾšǣڵæ˹
ȴ򷹣λҶռˣһԡ
òʣһž۲ã;ܾ
һҳ԰ɣϹӸǾͲˡ
ԶԶԣҺһԣɣǰٺǳԷ
԰µǷӦ죬Ҳͬ˵
϶ҪǳԷģ극λҶռˡ
ڵ˵ͻλˣ԰ºֻô극ڵһˣ
ʳõķܳԱˣ˵ҲܿƬѡʳͷͷͷ׷
ڳԵķӲԼʹһˡ
£ڵĲ˲ûʳ
ôû򷹣ҵͷһɣ
԰˵žͰѺͷһֱӷ񷹺
ҲûԼİͳͷڵһһ룬ʣһԼһ㣬԰¡
˿Űͷˡ꼢öˣɰͷҲݳƷһ;˲֪˵ʲôá
Լ԰ɣǵķˣҲУDDⲻá
ڵ˼ãҲŷͷΪѣֻ԰½ӹȥû˵ͳԡ
ҵͷóԣְ㣬ҶûԹôóԵͷҲ
ϲ´ٸ԰ɣ
ͷڵҲû˵ʲôСͷӣԼϹһֿһһ롣
˱߳Աģղ
ڵϹס⡣
ڵϹͺסģĻҪס
ڵе㷸ѣڸһȦûҵзӣסˡ
ڵϹ˳ҲûθڣĿӣڵء
ϹͺҪﳣסǳȥһȦûҵסĵط
һǴźӻȥɣҲͷˡڼе￴ţżпվͻؼңҪûվ͹ҡ
˳Ʋ֣οڵ
˵ˣٳȥ˾һһȥ˻ΪϸѧϹӶҪҵóʲôˣ
ûDDûô˵ˡ
ţȻе㡣
ڵ˲ԸˬʣϴѧϹҲܵǣӸҲϹҲ̤ʵأոչӳԷͺϸܵ˲ǡ
һ£ô
ֻҪסĵطҼҴտСģʱϹڼҸҸҵĲܹ
ȥĺԺԺӣһСһֱţԺӺĻĵҲʱٰԺһ¡
ҲţͽסŰɣ
һСԺӿţҼҸҾߺƷУҪÿѧҴȥ
ģǲÿˣ˵Ŀ϶û⡣ǾȥùöֱӰȥסС
ڵû˵ֱӶˡ
Уȥʰһ£ѧһȥ
ллͬѧǰǴæ̫ллˡDDԺʲôܰæ㾡˵ׯˣе
˳üͷչ˵Ҳ첻١
ڵҵͬѧԺѡҪ¿϶Ὺڵġ
ڵҪҺæ𣿡
ãûĶǰٺãȥҼҳԷ
ãҿɵأ
ڵĴ⣬Ҳˣ˳Ӱеķ˳˸ɾ
ڿΣĵ¿Ρгڵ·ȥСԺ
ԺһǺܴܹа˼䷿䣬мǿ߸һҡ᷿ϱһʹš
Ժʰĸɾ࣬ļҾ߰ڵľڵһϲˣⶼ˸顣
ѵԺãļҾߣĹư趼ȫǶʰסôõķ㿴ǽٷʣ
İǣûշ⣬˵ǮҲ¡
ˣǾͷסԺӻޣǵʱźʵķٰȥڼҾߺͰעⲻҪŪˣʰɾС
ãģѧҿ϶ʰãЩҾǶСġİæǲΪѵġ
˳ϽӦУ֤ʰü
ǵıӶ𣿡
ϼҴҰҲˡ
ǾͺãӺܸɾҲʰסʱ䲻ˣȥҼҳ԰ɣǾͲˡ
ӻ࿴˵þ߶УɼûûˣȥҲ򲻵Ҳû
лл㣬̫鷳ˡ
ÿүүǾǰ棬ڹȥøϳԷҲͶ˫¡

47

ųȥٵľĹ԰ĺԺյſھԺֵ
ڵ޿ŸŴԺеɡ
ɣӦÿ쿪ˡ
Ұ
סǰ棬ƽʱԷ
ӴźһֻܴԺʰ뽲ԺĻľĺܺãϵĲſڰһԭľĸ˺һСкΧ˵
үүһˡ
үŮſʯͷں档
ҵĹԱˣۻ˰ɣ£ϾͿ
ǰ¡
Сţ
˵žͳŴŴʮ꣬ǸĴ±ÿ츺үǵĻʳպҲүǴһܺϵ
DD˰ɣ
ˣҹԱˣϽ
ϵһ£Ͼͺá
үֻŮſڵڵһҶûΣϽүӽܡ
үүͬѧڵϹӸǼҳԷ
ͬѧҪҪˡ
үүá
үүá
ãҪ
¸ղûע⵽ǣүӻкġ
ڵҪϹﶼҼˡ󲮣Һ壬Ҹ壬Ųҵܵ㣬Сʯͷ
Ӵź£к
ڵ޿ǰļ˶˲У˺ֱܶ顣Ƕүӵĳƺ֪ǶϹսӢۣǺ档
ˣ춼ˣʳը档
Ŵ̲˳
˰ɣ¹ˣϾܳԣȳԵˡ
ŲҰ
¡
²˺ʯͷҲȥæ
һߦͶ˳ʯͷһں档
ˣԶԼʢԼţڵϹҪӵС⣬㿴úҲԡ
ģҲġ
ԼԣҪСӶе⣬źӡ
ллүүģǲġ
һټ򵥵ķڵ޳Եĺܸˣ˵Ҳܸмүӣرչӣһö⡣Ļʳһ˵ֱݳޣֲѧŰͷһ¾ʹü
ǸᣬҪ֪϶ڵˡ
ڵڰҲܸм
ѧؼңĺԺһʱûξꡣ
ξȥǼңûˣ͹߿ſ˽ӻĺԺԷүӣ˾һˡ
ȻԼҪ£ݲݳ˷ȥ̸¡
ʲôżң
˾ⶼӲķۣҪ£
˵ɨDD
иҪĲˣĲҸ׶û취֡
ʲô
ͷеһֱҸ׸壬һֱҲǰһʱ˫ͻȻû֪һëûԸæ
ûҲ˵˵үүֶû취Ҿ͸˵ˡ
ûб±˲֪һֻҪܲζûϵȻãҪû취ҲܽΣ԰ϵĻĵضģ֤飬Ҷˡ
ϸŸ񰡣
Щ˲ٺôμҲ˲ٹϵôȻҲ١ǸлɣҸڽҲ㿴һأС˵Ȱ˾͸㡣
֪ˣˣүү˵˼ҷˡȥǣڽôҲұ֤
ȻܽضģûϵҪа취ΣôվôգܻĹء
ãүүǰĻʲôذ
DDҺ͸װ͸ˡ
⻰ҿû˵
ԶԶԣ˵ģԺҪСֺ㡣
ǺǺǨDDᡣ
ξõĴ𸴣˵뿪
֤ʮĶĵؾԼˡ
ԼҪµĵأԼĹ԰ţʰһ¡
˵μҸȻֲҲǴе˲ٺôƾ°ˣ⸸ֵ
԰Լȥ֣¿İٻ¥ʺҲԶȥá
Լõĵطٻ¥ǰѾɽ˺ʲôǶԹһԡ
ǰ˼˵ģʵһûС
˸˲ĵطĴ԰ǡ
ȺԶԶͿ԰¡һʶŮ԰±߱Ĵ
ǰ濴ǵ񣬻ɫĳȹǷһƬ˻黨ǰ裬ЦĿģ⡣
絽ˣһôҲ㣬ڵû
ûǵȻɣкӿûô硣
˶࣬ǵȵҲûϵ
˵ſ첲֣˺ͷһ
Ư
ƽʱʲô𣿡
˵ţһŮҲˡ
ĺ簡
ҲǸյ
С࣬һ䡣
СජԼϵ·û˵Ҳû
԰ºϲ·ġ
·ģɲһӣʽҲûÿ

48

ʵ񴩵ĺͨǼǳˮɫľŷ˿޳ǰ̺󳤿ʽ漸򵥵һ̿ڡͬϵĿɰ׿ӣϴһ˫ɫЬɿı˸黨裬ĴǰҼϿŸɫԣ󷽡
ϴкܺã½ƮƮɾʣףǰһ
Χ˶עвСӣֻ˱Ƚϱأ͵͵
Ǽͨ·ֻǿʽµ㣬ҲƯ
ϵ·䣬רΪһζ
԰º۹ۡ
ɲԼζǱ˵ĸоˡԼϲôֻҪʾͺá
ÿǺÿǸɻ㣬ũ˿ɲ
СȻڣĽͼʳ˵ͼ
ʲôµﰡ˵˸ɻ˻һǣ˭·ÿ򣿡
ֱƢ԰Ļͷ̫˴Ťͷ˵ûٴ
ϵˣСһۡ
С࣬ʳҪæĻȻȥɣûô죬иͬѧûأ
ҪȻȥûӣΡ
ʳý첻æһļ٣˺һȥ
ãûɫƤҲûˡ
˵Żڵ·ǾСܹ
ԲˣǾõˡ
ҺҲ硣
Ҳûһᣬڽȥ䣬Ƕʲô
ҿд۵ĲûЩ·
û뵽Ҫʲô֪ˣҪ·Һϲ
ǺܺÿҺͰ¸ԶԶĶûϳ
ҲͬʵҲϲϵ·Ҳֻ롣
죬Ҳȥ
԰֣ڵǸϣ˾ͼȺ¥ſڼȥ
ȥоͲˣ
´ҲˣǵǮƵģˣ
ҿ𾢣ǶϡͱԹ˼ң´˼Ұϳ
Ǹϣ治ˡѽˣȥԷɣǰǹӪ꣬ȥǳ԰ɣ
˰ɣһؼҺϹӳԣһذɣ
ҺȥԵС
һ԰ɣͣ극฻£ȥ
Ҳöˣڵƴǣ֪ʡǮͿһǲίԼθ
ⲻʣһؼҳԣ˳϶÷ˡ
ҺСҲȥԣ˰ɣ
˶£һ٣԰ײԡ죬ˡ
԰°ڰ֣ͳȥڵһˡ
˽ȥӪ꣬һˣһһ
Ǳ߳Աģûעһֱעǣȷе˵ע
ʵ͸оˣڹŮ˲Ŀүûٶע
û뵽ע
꣬¾ˣҲظҡ
ﵽʺҲ֣һ·˹ȥ
͵ʺãξ쳤ӵˡ˵һ·á
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СҸ׿ῴ𣿡
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˵ߣүӸϽ׷˳ȥ˶ԶˣүӺֱ˵ͷ
ͷСѾͷǰСд㵹ã˻ڳ⸱СҸ㣬㸸׵ĲѾͷû˿εˡҲͲˣҼҳĲκõġ
壬ôܣŶ󣿡
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ʲôܵģС㱾²Ž˲šΪбµĶĿײĵģ굹Ǵ𣿾ộ
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壬ϱƢղҲû˵ʲôСƢҲ̫ˡ
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壬Ҹϰû˼Ҹ׻ָأ취

49

Һ㸸һӵĽˣóȫҲû취汾µֿϣҪͷô죿
ҺҸȥСǸԭ£ھȥ
ˣΪһ˼ҵĺӡүүƵģҪ֪ǸŮܣ㸸׾͵ɣ
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ͻȻ뵽ղүӽС𡯣ѵǡ𡯣˵ӢŮϴѧˣŮɣ뵽ð麹ֲͷ亹
ղŽС𣿡

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ȥղҲԣҡ
ˣ˭ȥʹȰ㸸ͻȥȥȥСѾͷDD߰ɣ߰ɣ
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ײ˵Щˣºúúȼһֱ߶𣿡
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Ʋ˶׼ˣļˣ׼˼ʳǰͷСࡣ
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ҳԺˣԣȥȲɣ
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үӸǸˣһүǰ񣬺ûҪǮƵģү̹Цݡ
ȥȥֶŮȲȥﰭۡ
׵ЦĸҵɵƵģž۾

50

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ߡͶ衢ϴ衭Ȼ˿Ŀ˭Ҳû˵ֱһξǰŻع񣬶豭һȻһڡ
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ţӦõġһȥ͸˵
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51

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˵Լʵľ輸µĳóһǣ򿪸ӣŵǰ
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DDҾС̲ͦá
̣ܹôβĺ𣿡
Ҳûӹܰ㶼˵βˣô죿
Цֳһ̯һҲεı顣

ǺǺǺǡ
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ЦĶˣ񳹵
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ݶľͷͦɰġ
尡ôã˫ۣ϶ָᷢøʵˡ
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ðɣ˵ˣһôأ
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ðɣһԼóԵõģúðο˵顣
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ƾЦʣĺܳҲȱʧĸ

52

ó˴ĳʳˮ⡢ȡռĴףӿͳһͷë
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53

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ʮʮ죬һڵ׼ѧУ˹š
ʰԼŰСʱ
ѧУ⼸춼ɨĺܸɾ񵽵ʱУʦǶ룬͵ˡУ񴩵ĻǺƽʱһ򵥣Ϊ¡
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ԱߵķȻʦ˵ϾŮӣȥŮʦȡ㡣һʱӴҲϲ
ãͷʦһȥɣʱ仹磬
У˵꣬ʦߡ
ʦڰ칫Һ棬ո͵
ȥͳ·ɫģһ˳İɫȹʦ·ʽ£
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·ʽãҲϽҿ
ҲûŤ°·ֱڷɫ档
ǳɫʽСԲ£³Сȶӣ࿪浽貿ɫĹߺĿǵŲӵİɫȹȹӲǺܿһ;˷ʦ
ͬɫǳӣȹģϣͺһõĻ
һ黨费ǰСԲ¶ϸ޳Ĳӣ΢Եú޳ɫĹ߾񻭾ѱߺ·á׵İȹ·Ŀ洦沽Ʈǲһ˫׵廨ԲͷЬЭ
·ﲻõͷҲдڸСҲִ˹ҵĻѧУ

54

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ĻһʱûסЦ
ǺǺǨDD
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ʦҲӦ£Ͻ鿴һ񣬼ûʲôףͳš
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У͸λʦͨ𾪣ΨֽڳοҲǿ񳤴ģΪʦĽͳɾ͡
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Уˣһ˻ô
DDҲǰǻ͵
ҪҲУֽڣǶɲ
DDǶ㲻ˡ
УͼλʦһȤֽں񣬴һƬֺǣŵҲⲻ١
ʱˣУֽں񣬷ʦһȥǰ׼ӭӡ
ŵ룬һгӻʻѧͣڹ㳡ʮԱ
žʮһˣŮӡ
泵϶йԱͰԱͬһͷƾɣİԱҲʶ˨DD½ƽȻҲ翴ˣˣо޳ֻǳϲԣסԼ
УżȥӭӣΪѧҲ渺Уķ롣
ӭѧУҴѧУȫʦһӭǵĵ
Уķԣһҵŵļ˶ע⵽λŮԣϵ·
ллǣҲܸιǵѧУ
˵һ˨DDնˣ̬ѺõУ̸Ŀ񴫴Уͻһ˿ʼιУ԰
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տʼͽǼˣնٴ
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Ӣ˵ĺܺãǱûʲô𡣡
лл佱ʦĳɹ
˵ɵЦЦնҲЦˣպܲ
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ģҵĶʦͷҡ
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ԱĶᵽɤˣֻƾһ΢ЦĿǰŵŮ
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DD̫˼ˣʦܺá
Ǻܺãǰô˵ȥͻҷĸ塣
DDһλʦ
DDʦ˼
Ļ˵ĴȤֽڣֽҲһΡŵ쵼Ҳ˶ӡ
ɸշµľˣҶɫ
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նұߵŮӿˣ˵ĲӢǷ
Աûз﷭룬˵û˸˵Ҫ׼﷭롣
ƾɶüͷϵĹԱͷð
ֽڶԷҲһ֪⣬Իͱ˵ˡ
ʦλŮʿǲõѧ
һʱ˳棬Ҷعֽ붼ûſھͻش
ҵĽҲҵˡ
ôķ﷭룬һ˲ĿУ죬ƾɸˣֽԺ
һ˸һ
ķｲãܳɫ
л˿佱һá
ͣ½Ųһͺղεĳ治һ
ķ̫ˣ·һƯѰɣҽа˿
ղ÷˵Ůյϣ˵
ллҲƯҵѣҽ񡣡
˵ţ˿ӵ˺ӶЦ
һعдš
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һСʱķʣʵѧУתſһȦߵʱһ˱ʾܸˣйԱҲʾ⣬һ˾ʹҴҴȥ
˿ߵʱ᲻ѡͬһĻһֱں½ƽҲ᲻񣬿ɴʼûһۣҲû˵ơ
ƾ·ǰŲͣһ¡
ɵĲĩȥ
Ļͷ뿪ѧУУͼλʦҲ
ߺDDˣһλۡ
ķʦŶͷĺп
УҲ˲ͷúʣ
ͬѧ㻹ᷨﰡ
һDD
ǨDD㻹ʲô𣿡
ô־òʣһʮСһӢͷͺѵˣôܻأⶼˣҪǡ
ҾϹʣѾ˲ˣ㡭
һ¡⡢Ļѧϰ

55

Уͼλʦ£ͬķʦȥ·
ȷУŷӦͲӰ
ϣղ˵ʲô˵ʲôţ
ֽһ֪Ĳ͵һҲˡ

DDŶ󰡣⡭
ʮDD
ֽһĻش
֪ʮ갡
֪㻹ʲô
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½пΣˡ
ϣȵȣ߰ϣϰ
У׷󺰴У⸱ĺܶˣֽڼӿŲУں׷ߺǽһس
ѧҲҪ
˰Ҳһֽð
ߣϽȥæˣԽ˵Խᣬ˺ûȣ
λʦҲܴи˼
߱ŵķʦӦĽץס֣ðĶ
˵ôôʦΪ٣Ҳʦأ
ǣҵʦû˵ǡ
˭˵ǣҾʦ
ûǡȻ·ȥϿΣ·ܾͺá
úãȥϿΣҵ·ż
񻻺·Ӱͳһ˷ʦһ߱߳ԡ
ʦˡ
ţȥɣп档
˶ҧڳݲ˵ţӻֱ߳žͳȥ
ȥչû߼ͿУֽǰĹ㳡š
ԶԶУЦˡ
߹ȥڰͳһһæµµһϣˣҲûӹȥͳԡ
㳡ϾͳֵһĻ
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⻭ΥͣĪܰ
񰡣
ãͬѧʡˣУһģͷߣɲҰ
У˵DD
ѧУѧǨDDѧУϻˣȻҲܸˣѧУˡ
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УĻҲûʲô
ûʲôӦõġ
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Уʦ¿ˣȻؽ׼½ڿˣҡ
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ţǸúӡ
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ûʲô˵
ð
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ʱˣֽҲȥ׼ϿΣûҪУ
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ǺǨDDǽЦ𣿡
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Ӧ͸¶һ㰡Ҳһ¡
ðɣ´ʲôҾͺúҫһҲ
ʲôҫе͵
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DDǺǰ
ǺðɣΪ˱ʾǸ⣬ĩǳԷȥҼҳԻȥԣ
ĩȥҼҰɣһֱ˵ҰٺǳԷһֱû롣ĩȥҼңȥҡ
ڵȶˣ뼸ȥҾ۾ۡ
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ڵҲ㣬еǡ
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԰¼Ҳڽ𶼣ʱ򲻻ؼһסᡣ
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һٷ£ѵôҶϵȻСˡ
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Ͽ¿ξߣͬѧѧУȤСûμӣúܶͬѧ˵仰ĻᶼûУֱúܶѧ
ڷͬѧǰİ೤ʯ֪˳ĸߴ˧ҲҲ˵λ
չǰ뿪Ц˵
ͬѧǳԺóԵܲҰҶĲˡ
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ȥҼңϹͺûҳԷأҪпһɣ
ðҾͲˡ
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Цڣ˭Ҳȥ
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ãʱҺͰ¹ȥ䷹
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ôó԰
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ǳԻôʲô
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ԻǺܳԵĻ𣿡
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Ľ͸ˣһЦϵĲˣֻԼ֪
ͬļ˶԰¸ıЦֹ
DDԻ˵ã㣬ûҲǸԻDDЦˡ
ܳǸԻҲͦá
ǣ˵ûǳԻǹ١

56

ϣȥũԺ칤ʣѧµ칤ʱ䲻ɣԺʿĩȥС˳߷ԺʿԼһЩƷֵ߲ˣ¸¾գпȥ
Ժʿ˺ܼȲ˵Ͼ͹ȥȻӭȥ͡
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ڻؼҵ·˼СԵĵģִӿռóүӵ¾Ʋ˾Ҹϡ
ؼһĸүӺʯͷնͺ쳦˼¾ƣһԼҳԡ
үӿŮТЦüۡ
Աָүү¾ƲˣұТ˳ĸҲȲϣ
ҷТТүүʮǮүүƽʱ
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лл㡣
ҪŬѧϰͺá
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ҵĹԱб£ôС칤ˣDDүүţŮТҵġϼһĸ⸣
ţʲôŮеǮǹˡ
DDŮô£ǹҲ
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ʯͷҪͽһȥ𣿡
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ˮԺһȦӰԺӴĲļҾҲʰĺܸɾ
ѧУԶСѧжڵһסܷ㡣еĻĵضԼģСԺȸסҲУڵҵ˵
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ɣԻ
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תͷԼʯͷˣһܴ
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һ㡭һϳһˣʮһϳһˣ
ˣĲ켱ˣиͬѧҲˣû뵽˵ܵҲѰˡ
ܼܵѧģ
DD
ǣ꿪ʼѧʮһϳһôѧģϵʲôѧ
ѵѧãôҲܰһĪ⡣
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԰ҲŪˣȤ
ڼҽҶ飬Ҿ꼶ʮ꼶ϳһ
Сʯͷ࣬ƯǶԽĳݡ
СԴϣ۰
˱˰Լô㣬ѵ̵ܵܽôã㻹ñô
̫ܴˣϴѧڴͺ˲𣬿߳һҲƽСһȣһԽжûУҪڡ
ûˣˣôСʯͷҲôˣҺܰʯͷ̫Խˣô

57

ʲôôҲ·Ҳˣֱӽ
ʯ֪гҲˣŰһͬѧС
֪ͻȻʣʯ֪ųҪ˼ĺڵ͡
·Уʹһˡ
Ҳе㲻˼ڵ޵Ǹ
Բûкˣˡ
ʵһһνҶͬѧڵǺ顣
ûϵûϵǺܸˡղ˾ͲкˣԼˮȡ
æģԼ
˵ʯ֪Ͷ˽
ͦ簡ſھ԰ͬѧںôûˣ
԰һʹ࣬˿Եİ೤ˣʲô˵
һʹɣǻǲҪ֪ĺã֪Ҳʹ͡
Ƕλãʯ֪Ϳʼ٩
DDΪ೤Ҹ˽ǽѡ
ʵû˵ɣ
ǺǨDDû˵ҾˣһҪ
ڰʲôˡ
һı飬Цˡ
ϷˣɱҵܵܣС⻹Сأ
񣬲˼ҺĲǣ㻹ǲǵĺѺýã
˵ʲôʲôɣ
ʯ֪Ͷһû뵽иܵܡ
Ա߳ĸɾÿкһʹɰϲ
ͬѧܵܰ
ŨDD
ʯͷԴʯ֪Ͷһۣ͸ʯͷܡ
ʯͷλҲǽͬѧ
Ͱϵͬѧô죬Ψʯ֪˵仰òǸܼܵ򵥽һ¡
Աߵ԰ºܣ֪ͬѧ죬ҲҲǲһģǸж
Ǻã
ʯͷСܴģôôʺС˾һ
ʯͷã
ʯͷã
Ȳ裬ڵ⡣
ԼԺӵˣڵдһ¿Ҳݡ
ãллͬѧ
лл㡱
еĻ࣬Ҳûʯ֪ô̸ţһģݡ

ûôͬѧ̸Ҳ죬еû˵
ºˮ죬ʯ֪ͺʯͷҲ˸ղʵ⡣
԰ºǿЦ⣬ҲһܴģԱߵĵĶҲһȻ
԰ºƽˣڳһڡ
DDܶˡ
DD˺һˣǰ೤˺ãܺͬʹࡣ
Цֱŵڵܽ裬ԱߵʯͷһĪ
㣬ôˣ
û£Ǳе㷢裬һͺá
λͬѧ˼ôɫĺӣʲôĸĸġ
ǵ˼֪֪Ҳ⡣
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ܲҲ࣬ͰѷᵽԺ
ڵһ׼˻ˣ涼üƬܲˣʳǴͺͷѧУʳõĺõ㡣
˱߳Աģ󷹲˳˸ɾ
ô˼ھͷ¿ӡ
Ұʰڵһᡣ
԰ҪȥҿڵϹͺû̬༸˱ʾȥʹȥԼҡ
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˿ǰĴԺӺͶС¥𾪡ڵҲΪĺԺأ
ţ󣬱ҼҵСԺˡ
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˵ȥ˳̵ģһǹһ̸ʽӺˮ
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԰´ڳŸ㣬˵ţмմ춼ǡ
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ҲҪˮҲܲ
ˮǽ˿Ų輸ˮ۵ƻƿɿڵɢζӡ
ڵһӰζɢһ꣬˶ˡ
ó԰
˵żڳְ꣬һųԡ
һԵʯ֪ͶҲӰƤʵζǹ˲֣һԾҲͣ
ԱߵԻҲˮԵͶҡ
輸ϵĵˮǳ˴룬Գŵļ輸鿴һɳϿ鲻Ҫֺ̫ȱ裬еˮʵܡ
һͿ˺üСʱֱǷӦ
ѽôˣĵˣҲûȥ˰ɣ
㷴Ӧһʱ䲻˸Ͻ˲ŷӦ
ôˣ鶼ʱˣǸˡ
ʯ֪飬еδ
ϲͽ㣬ٻҡ
ãҲˡ
ⱾҲˣ껹㡣
԰˵žͰװ˶Դ󷽶ǣԼˡ
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ˣǵҲһˣ극߰ɣ
˿˿ӰûУʲô
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񿴼˳һۣ;úЦ
ǳԷڸڣѵһƭǲɣĵ㲻ʯͷȥ˵ˣ᷹˹ƶˣ߰ɣ
˵أû˵ˣһͦΣΪ
԰űӲ˼˵

58

ˣ
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ȥڳ԰ɣ
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ţһһԷλǶսܹˣһλ˵岻Ҫȡ
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ģܺһԷǵңκ˼
⻰һֱĶ˵ģ˸żĹâÿﶼһӢΣ⻰û
Һüǡ
ǺүүһϹսҵļˣ˶ܺá
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ǣûˣ
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ǰûУˡ
򵥰˸֣ʯ֪оСԼŮĲ࣬غ۽Ĳ࣬ǰ־ԼңԶ
ǹȥɣ
գû͵ĺԺ
ѴŴ򿪣Ƚ
DD
͵ˣ
㻹ȥģ
ǣҺҺܽ
˵Զ𣿡
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Ұ¿ǰԺӣûӦ͵ˣ
˵£ôô˼
㣬㲻Ҳͦ˼զǳԻ飬ͱȡЦˡ
ſڵ˵ү֪Ůˡ
ǲҹԱˣ
үүŮˡ
СţҹԱˣ׼
ǣ׳
ſڵļ׳ˣղŵЦҲˡ
ɣôŸ
үӳͼŮͼͬѧվſڣ˼Ҿк
˾͵ˡ
˵ȰԼŮһʮТүүӡ
ҹԱ
˿ү彡˶ɫܺãǴ֣ٲȻһλڼҺүүžͺƽ׽ˣûһеϡ
ҵүү
񽾰˽үӡ
үүͬѧ԰£㣬ʯ֪ǶУڵģͬͬѧ
үүã
үүã
үүã
үүã
үүDD
DDǺúӣҪ
˸үӽȥͿæµˡ
ֱӸǽܡ
ҺβǸ߲
˿ǰ˶ܼȻˣһҲûӰеĸߴ
ҲϲˣûһἸ˾͸˵ˡ
ϲ˨DD
ӳŴ
ȥæ
Һһ𡣡
ҲȥDD
ҨDD
ȥ˲ˣڵҲһʯ֪ͶҲȥͱסˡ
ţûˣ񱦺Ů޾͹ˣȥҡ
˵ţ˶˳ˣһѬ졢⳴ཷȡܲ⡢Ģ⡢㡢˿峴ײˡһײ˶Ӱͷ
˵ĲˣֻöӶôһӺòˣûԹ
ֿһгԹԹôһӺòˡ
ھǼҾٺãЩҲһ򵽣ʽȱǮҲû취
ųʦҲˣүӾкҶӡ
ȸүӼһ⣬Ҳ̶ӡ
үӸˣŮеĲôԶ㡣
ҹԱТ˳óԣҲԵ㡣
һӲˣҲ˲ϿſӾͳԡ
Ǿÿ˶ܺóԣԵͣ졣
ҵķóԡ
óԾͶԵ㣬Ųĳպܺá
ԺǾҲ䷹
ԶǼܳԶ٣ǺԺֲٲأ
үүǺԺֲˣ
˲٣а¾Ҫˡ
ղˣŲóԵ𣿡
УղҲǳԡ
үүǿ˵ˣʱǶղˡ
˼ű̬ʾղ˵ʱһҪ֪ͨǣǺٶٳʳүֺǵĶӦˣһһүүеñˣо԰ºͶнеʵ𣬴ŷĶС
ҲˣҴȤҲζ
ʾϵأԭǸ͵ġ
ٷԵͣŶ뿪
ڶгʯͷȥƾɼҡ
˴װʮЩǮ
ϴ͵͵ǰ𣬵²С
ʯͷôãӰԲΣһõ
һ·һ·ģû͵ˡ
ſڵţͣȥʯͷ
ǺǨDḌҺص㱧
ʯͷ§Ĳ
еأ汧ˡ
Ͻۻˡ
úãʯͷ̡
ȵģ
ǲеࣿ
ѾͷԽԽƤˣˡ
û
˵ȥ¥
ϽſԴס
ǺǺǨDDôѾͷģĴס
˵꣬ڴſ
ǻվſڸ
ƾվſڿűһˡ
˵ܲ٣ܲپ͵

ҲҰ
ƾɼСֹͷۡ
DD
ˣ壬ô
ûһ
ƾһ˵ޱ档
壬ûϴôģDDӢ˧ˡ
ǺǺǨDDϽˣѾͷƤĶûˣ˧أ
DDҲԼͦ˧
ƾɱĴЦԼͬ
ԼĳŰ
ɣҿ䵽˰ɣǲ̵ģ
۹ⲻ
ǣ壬ܲ˧𣿡
˧
Լоɣ
ˣô˼һ±˵ĸܡ
еܲ

59

ȥֵһᣬƾɾͰѰõķ֤֤ø
պˣʲô¾˵
õģ롣
˵ԼĿ͡
ƾɼ⶯ССڰͣͳ˸ҩӣͳ׻ҲӵĴڡ
ǸôɰȤԾЦ
DD
ĴЦ񲻽⣬ֱһ
۵۾ǰһɰǸ顭
DDۻǺСʱһɰ
̣ϹôȡЦң㲻ܹ𣿡
˵ʵǿɰ
ʲô˵ͳһǮƾɡ
ǧǮ˰ҰԺһ£ôϲôޣôþôޣеǮ
ŨDD
ǣ
ˣеȥˣȥ徻徻
ʲôȥ
̣ǲԷˣһҴʯͷȥԣҪҪ˵
һ棬Ӷ¿
Եֺҵһۼǣ͸ԼҪǰԷޣҪҲҪúûţÿճ䣬ʺ硭
ǰ档
ֻһ룬۰ң۰ʯͷǵԼĺһҶ֪̣ǰ鶼ˣҲͲˡҾͰһҲˡ
һСҩƿ塣
Ƶҩţһ˯ǰãڼı泩úȡҺʯͷܵá
Ļ·̵ĺʧأƾҲûκι˼ɵĳʹ࣬屧˺ѷεĴޣҪǰеίͿѶ޳
ءء
޵һ仰˵ƾɺ˫һڻ
ҵĺӣлл㡣
лϽܵþͺá
ãһһÿɰŮ
ҶôˣҪÿɰҡ
ɰǴϣĿɰŮҵĺӡ
ɰͿɰɣ˵㡣
ţԣ
˵ĶԻҲƽ§
ãⱲҪôĶأ
˵ϱǷǵأ
DDҲģ̰㵱Լĺһ
ڲ𣿲ԺͲ˵ˣ˵ɣ
⻵ӣ֪ǡ
ҩ˾ͺúһʱ䣬һҪ泩Ȼŵͺá
ã˵ʲôʲôҶġ
ãȳˣп
廹ǽܳԷ
극߰ɣ
ҴʯͷȥԣϾͿԳҩ˯ǰá
úã̶ġ
ˡ
ǣʯͷͳţηվڴſͣͬͷһ˻վš
վžվţ͵վˡ
Ĵʯͷһ·ͬ
û뵽һ졣
DD
ŨDDû׼ϱӵĺӣˡ
ţҲǡ
ǰǵĺӡ
ӵţվſڿſյĺͬ
鲻ʯͷ硣
ʯͷʲô
У㿴ɣ
ǿѼ
Ѽɣû˼
ôûʶ
Էðѵȥģ鷳
ǺǺǨDDǾͳԿѼ
DD
ôˣ˵
û°ɣ޵ĺġ
û£ŷйһͦã´μ棬״̬϶ܺá
ҳҲҪһ
ãʯͷھͺˡ
Ҫأ
ã֧㣬Ŭɣ
ܿ쵽һҺܲķ꣬緹ʱ䣬Ѿܶˣ˸С¡
ŵײˣľֻѼһֻҪߵġ
Աкüעǽӳִ󷽣һ¾ֻѼ
񵭶źˮʯͷȵˮ˿ûں˵۹⡣
˺ܿˣϵײ˺ľ⣬˾ȿԡ
ûҪ׷һԵ㿾Ѽ
ţǳԿѼ͹ˣ׷Բ˷ѡ
˳Եһ룬ѼҲˣʦƬã̵ĿѼʯͷĲˡ
԰ɣ
Ҳԡ
ʯͷȰһѼ
ԡ
ãллʯͷ
ԱߵĳʦƯɰĽϲǡ
СѣѼôԣ
ѼǴߡ
ϣһǶá
лл塣
лԡ
ĳʦ뿪ʳ
ǺܴûԶپͱˣ¿ӿŴ·ϵˡ
ƺöˣ·鶼
вŮ֣ɬһ˿Ů㣬ͬҲǸ
㣬ٳԵ㡣
񣬿ųԵĽζʯͷ
ҳԱˣǲż
˵žʹһ¥涼ǰ뿪ŵĳ͸ܿæµĳʦ
ʮӣĶСӣм䶼ǴԲ¥ǰ䣬װͦ
Ƿ㣬ˡ
˿ڵŮԱһճϲˣǵķ
мڵԲһòͣһš
ŮԱСĶɨһǰ棬Ͷ̣γš
ߵ˷ԣȻСĴԲ֮Ĺ߹
ʱ͸ӿķ϶һë׵СԴڻζСڶèèֻСԴ˳ſԲŷԱתȥ
ŮԱͲӾ룬ְ϶ֲˣĽӽķԱ
ܾţôһճ򷭣϶ڡ

60

뵽⣬¶ǸСкͷԱˡ

ԱŵļζСкҲԱĽסˣվԭز
Բò͵Ĵ趼ųˡ
ѽС죬ÿÿ
˻ˡ
ѽºҪ̻ˡ
Զľ룬ȥҲûץк󱳵·̧ȰѷԱ̳ſ߷𻹱ֶ״̬Աĸ첲ͺˡ
顭۵
ѵð֭ԱŷӦ
ءҡˡء
ѽˣСҶŵǰڡôһ˾͸ˣѽ붼¡
Ĵ˵Ų˲ͷ亹µԼؿڡ
̫ˡ
Сﳤãͦб¡
⺢ӳ˲ã
Ǹúӣˡ
СҪˡ
񱻷ӦķԱסۡޣôֱͦͦվţﻹػεСк
ԷԱĿϲС
û°ɣûʲô¡
Ӷ¥Ҵҵһλ裬е졣
ܹŵкżļ˺ӵϡ
ôܰˣء
ŵıźӾͿޣӺúõûҲûţ֪ʲô
費ޡ
ӻСĵ㣬ҺܣԱŵ㶼붼£Ƕˣӿɵÿˣ뿪ǵߡ
ĴǸĳĵĶ衣
Χϵ˶һһ˵ˣ
ǧҪСģһ񡭡
ڵĺҲѴԡ
˰Ǿ١
ǻᡭ
̬Ⱥܺã֪˵ĶǺûһı֤ԼԺչ˺úӣлҡ
ллҹģǳԷˣԲ𡣡
⵹ûʲôû¾ͺãԱŵĹǺ
ģĸſϸտķԱǸ
ԲǶԲģʧĲ;һǾµģǣģǶԲˡ
Ա̬ôãҲе㲻˼
Һû¾ͺãҪǰˣҶû취ˣû¾ͺá
DD˭㣿
DDû¾ͺá
ǺǨDD׻Ǹӣ
ĴԱˣ񣬽衣
ɵúúøлСҺӺҪС찡ɾ˵ˡ
ôˣ
лĻû˵¥Ӵϡ
ܲײŷԱûšôģϸ亢Ӳͳˡ
˵ȥ㣬ҲȥԼȥˣҵĴˣû£Ժע⡣
ӿǺӵİְ֣಻ݾɣӹӱţϴ
˵С˶ӡ
ԣÿСҺӺǿɵúúлл
ӹɷĹ˲ᣬתͶϹ˶㡣
СллҶӣ̫
ͻȻͣ˵۾
DD㰡
߶߼˵Ȼ;ץסĸ첲۾ˡ
ĺĴ輱ˣлû˵꣬ôͶˣɲܿźС۸
֣ʹҪ
֣ú˵ʲôְСľҺӣôҸҿɶأ۸С
汻Ĵжˣ迴Ҳ¡
ʱСʯͷҲܹվڽߣץŽ첲ŮӣϺߣȥ֡
ſҽ㣬ץˡ
˵ž˫ۺᣬۿҪˡ
ȷſСú˵ץˡ
־С˲٣ɻû֡
ʿ
⻰ôô죬һʣӢС߸׶裬Լ߸
Լеƫˣæο
ȿȨDDϴˣȷֺú˵
ûϴϴģܵʯͷ԰ɣ
ְʯͷһĿ
˵ʲô
ҰҰѵˣ
ͷֻۣһ䡮ĸ
ֱ߿ޱ˵
ǰĻվ˱˷Σ㱻СкDDҶӣˣǣء㶼ˡ
Ĵһй£ſ֣һ
˵˵
Լ˱ˮһ׼µӡ
񱻴һŷӦ˳ưʯͷҲһԱߣȻ֡
𣿡
˫ۿĿ񣬺Ҫ˵ǲǶôԲһ
ˡ
ˣûңûңܾˣңҡ
ܼĳ˵ţе״Ρ
𼤶˵ô˵ҺиоԼĺ
Χֵ˶Цˡ
DD龫ֵģЦˡ
DDĺ
DDѾͷĺãҲϡ
DDѽҲˣճԱЦöۣɱЦˡ
ۿҲĻЦˡ
㻹Ǻǰһɰ㶼ȥˣþã
ҲûȥڼŰ
һ޹Ҳûȥ
ͣ
ϤЦŤͷһֻξźӰְֵļЦͨ졣
Цû֦Ҳܺÿ
Ѿͷ
Ӱְ˶Իûһݡ
ʶ
ŨDDСֶŮ
˭Сˣ
԰ҴֶŮ񡣡
һ԰ۣŴЦ

61

Ů־͸ˡ
Ҿͽˡ
аɣ
ҽɷʿҶ鳿
ĸɷӡ
ţǺá
ǾҺͺӾˣҲûңܾãһֱ㡣
лл㣬ҸоϹôˡ
DDЦ𣿡
ˡ
Ϲ㲻˵ǵġ
ʯͷȥ¥İɣ˳Է
Ϲȥ¥ϰ䡣
ûû£ҿϡСˣã˳ĺб£ôǺã
裬ҲϲĳְˣףҸ
úãѽǺãҼסڳ԰ϵĵڶңпҼ档
ǺǨDD裬ԵҼҾס԰档
ļңƬҶ졣
ǰһңҼҡ
֪ԺһǼҰɣ
ԣûпȥҼҴš
úúãпվȥҴš
ξǣʯͷ¥ˣŮҲߡ
裬Ҷˣܹܰ
ȥȥɣԧҲɡ

ǺǺǨDD̫̫˼
DDԶٷӻ٣
ٽ˶ôЦô¥
¥ϰǵĲ˻ûԣ˸£꾭ˡ
ʾ˸лǰԹһⵥѼͽûҲһ͵˶¥䡣
ǴŮԱ˵˼ûŮҲ̬
ºͷԱûϵǵʧҳϣ㲻Ҫ
ģǲϰࡣ
ôһ˵Ҿͷˣ뿪ξкܳԷ
ԱˣʵǳԲ¡
¥³ԺˣʯͷٳԵ㡣
ʯͷͳһ뱻ˣô˵ˣûŴԡ
ǰûס
ûУǴҰְɨĹġ
һ˵˶ˡ
ξְѹϽ
԰ɣ˶ˣٳЩ
˵ž͸һ⡣
ǰ۵⣬ӳϱԹ
϶Ŀˮ㡣
DDѾͷһûӾ͸еĲˣô𣿡
Լû𣿡
û
ȥүүɣ˼
ξ磬үӶ죬ʿҲڱʾл
ллξҶӣҲʶˣҾиɣԺʲô¾ҡ
ξô˵е㲻ʵڡ
˵ЩˣʵڵġҸүӰĻĵؾǸģٳһЩһƬһҲô˵ʲôʵڡ
ãѣȥҾͰ졣
ôţξ͸Ҫʵڵл
ҪԸͣҲֵڡ
Ǿ鷳ˡ
鷳²ʲô
㲻ÿԺʲô¾ʿס𣿡
ţ⼸ƶס⡣
ϴѧأεȫ߿״Ԫ
ξһȻ˵ţ˵Լһ
ŨDDܲ
̫ˣôô
ģҲû취
DD
DDѾͷʵʯͷʮһϳһˡ
ǺǺǨDD鳿Ҳʯͷ棬һͺá
˼ûٶӣŲͼš
񣬳ȥᣬ⼸߶㡣
ãһֱûүүˣȥ˼ҡ
ǾһɣҺͺҲȥ塣
ʿﲻ֪ʲô뷨ʲô뷨񶼾ûʲô
극¥ξ˵Ͱг䣬Ҳһڿߡ
ذһ͹ȥ
ã忴Űɣҷġ
ҲˣǣһֱӴߡ
ٶȹ찡׼û
ֻ塣
ûԶչ͵
ȥֱȥãүڸ˰ﲡ
һбʮ̱ϣһз磬ԱվŸ׳ӣӱ׾ĸ˲ſˮ
үӿ˰֣˵к
ˣСʯͷҲˣú
үүá
ԣԣúӣ
үүæ
ûʲôæģˣ
ȻĲ˲֣˵еΪ
վԱߵĺһ⻰ͼˡ
壬ҰDDû취ˣһ취ûˣ
˲ңʲô취ȥˣ
壬⣬˭֪û칦ˣ취
з磬տʼһзӣھֻܻˣΰɣ
Ұ֣ˣôô
зΣգû̱ڴˡ
ûչ˺Ұ֣ҲТ
ӱͷڵĬĬᣬһ
үӿŶϵһת
ˣˣһߴȥ
ӻ֣ʹ޵󺺻ȥһߵĽ䣬Ҳû֨
үүѰоû˭ҪϻүүͰϳȥ档񿴲ĸүүͬû˵⸱ˣɻҽɣ
ſڲԵĴүӣүӣʲôʱͬģⲻ۸˵˻

62

壬ңҡ
ʲô㣬Ҫ˵ʲô
꺺ӱүײеסˡ
ײˮӣһίҡͷ
ûDDû˵ʲô
ίίĲҿүӣͰ
ɣǸҸ㿴㿴û
ϣǡ
㻹ʲô
ûУʲôûУ
үӵĻСϱƵģֱҡͷ˶ίţǿ޹
ԱŵξͷͣĶʯͷɴ۾꺺ӣҲǾϡ档
Լ̲סЦԼգסûЦ
һȥۡ
үӻӲӬƵİȥš
תһ飬Цˡ
үүܸɸˡ
үбģûˡ
ȥүӸղŵλϣүӰ
ã֣˿үӵ
ô
үӵĶҲʣɰүӵڽŵ˺Ŀˮӡ
оȣ̫
֪ʲôʱʿһҲڶ濴˵оȣ˼Ŀ
ѽϼһиˡҪôɣ
⻰˵˺ޣԿʹүӹϵһ㡣
ģҰоˣ̫ˡ
꺺ӼĴܹ˵ָײ˲ˮ
ȥȥûʲô¡
DDúãʹȥ
˵ŴүӵĶӾֱȥˣ߹ȥûݡ
͡
ʵûסЦˡ
ȿȿȡ
ξˮҲǺĲᡣ
үӻͷݺݵۡ
񰡣㿴ҪôΣ
ȸʩɣ
úãүүأ
⻰˵ģôеĸоүӸ硭
Ͻջ˼Լ롣
Ұ־ͽˣ
ΪСأӵ
Ŵүүͷζ׼ƾƺϴˮ
ãϾ
ξȥ׼ˡ
ӿͳӣξҲˮˡ
ϴ
û˭ˣ
ٺ٨DDͷһݡ
ͷүӰѾƾ͵ƶ׼ˣþƾүӰˡмңЩҲʡ֡
ֻǳ̲һϸͬ룬Ҷǽ롣
Χļ˿ųһ
үҲû̡
ǲǴ˵еĽ밡
ûDD
һٶɣ
һ˸
񰡣ǿ۽ˡ
˿ĳϸ룬ڴүϵѨλϡ
ȻʲôѨλĶ;òһ㡣
۵Сֿ֣ȣûһүϸ롣
ˣҪ
үӵĶӷͷϴϢ
ȱˮͷ϶ˡ
ү۵ĸˮӸͷĺ
𣿡
ͷ󺹵ʵ
ŨDDۣĵ񡣸ȫע˿
ߺDDۻˣٺȱˮ
үӽָһˮ
ӰͳһСƿӣ򿪵һСҩ裬ӹˮҩȥ
˼Ҳһš
үӵһţүӶû˵ӹȥͷȿˮȥ
񰡣ÿҲ۵ģ㿴
۰Ͱ͵ĳԼҲһš
Ǹӣӹȥˣˮȸȥưưɡ졣
ʵ˼ʣ
ζô
û
˽˲ι
ǺǺǨDDүү˵ǡ
֣ô˵ú𣿡
ô˵
ûУûκ˾ͺá
Ӹˣʿ￴ۣ˽Сﵱ治һ㡣͸ղҩĽζ֪ǷƷֲξ궼Ͱ͵ĴȥҪҺҪСﲻС
ʿ˼֪үӺξ껹ܲ
ʱˣˡ
߹ȥҲΧ롭
үе룬ϵļѨλఴ
Ѩλ̼֣һĻˡ
үſˮ޷պϵ죬ˮҲܿˡתᣬ̧Ӳ֣˼´Ĵָ
Ҷ֪Ҫʲô
ţ̫ˣС񰡣ĺֶŮ
ξ˫ִϣҡ
ȥȥȥһȥ񣬹Աүүĺúӣ̫ˡ
үӰѶӸȥһߣȥ־ͽС
̫˼ˣţʿ㿴⡭
ǰ棡
ҰֱˣҰˣDDˣǿҰ֡
үӵĶӼĶ״Σһ˵žˡ
֪ʱǼͰοүӡ
үүɲܼǻſò˶þܴá
үӼĿգۡ
ϴޣϹҴȥ档Ҫ͵ɣҿɲ㡣
ү⻰˵ģûӻ
ƫƫүӵĶӾ;˳˵ȥ
֣û˴档ҪϣԼһ棬Ҳˡ
˵ŻһεĿԼĸףôеѵӵĸо

63

⻰û־ñŤ
Ҫô죿
ү񣬻һһ¡
ŵʱٹʩ롣
ʩá
ξ֪ôκôүӡ
Ĵκܻˣ廹ÿ
ĴΰҲ̫DD̫ʲôʲôˡ
ʲôʲôģһȥǸɵӣǲ
ֱ׵ξ꣬Цøҵɵһֱֱӡ
ϣùĽ룬һܵھƾϴɡϿٴøɾƾϴٲɡȻһá
˾ôһϴ룬ȻҲĽζ
үү뷨ô
ҽһӣʲôû뷨ǡǡ
棬漣˴۽硣
ԶԶԣô˵˵Ķԡ
뷨δţ̫ˣǲǰʿ
Ǻܲ
ȻүүҰ뷨塣
үӱĻվˣľܾ
ξ궼ĻĶű˺ˮ
ʿ˼Ŀâ
񰡣ʲô֪ҽô򵥣ҲǼ򵥵ģȲ˵ǮƺͽѨǴ˵дڵ񼣣ʵҪǶôĺ䶯
˼ףҲóðأһҽȷʵûҽڲ룬ԺǾ˵ˡҰʽǣ뷨Ҳһţšôȥ츣࣬Ҳһ׮¡
үүʵ˵ľ˭ѧأɡ
˽Ϊ˲˵ġԵһ㲻ãҶ¡Ҳһ¡
棬ľʹүүˣ
ҪǲԸ⣬Ǿ͡
үүԸ⣬̫Ըˡ
٣Ǳ㰡ͻѾͷ
ҿ岻̫Ը
ԸһԸҵС̡
ǺǺǣҼңЩǽҲҪߵġԺ󴫳ȥʦҪ֪ġ
ӦõģӦõġ˻ĸ
ԺҺ͸׵ʦˣ
Ǻǣ˵
壬ʿǰϲˡ
˵˵
񣬽үүˣԺõġ
ˣҺʯͷһˣҼҳԡ
ǺãǾ͹ȥɣ
ãﳵȥֲԶ
лл㣬ҲҸлл㡣ҽд޶Ҳͺá
޲ˣܼɣ
Ҫ߰
ţп̺ųȥҼ档
õģпվȥ㡣
ţһӭ
үү壬ˡ
ãﳵ㰡
ܣ˶ȥˡ
壬С治򵥰
ˣ͸ѡ㿴ĲǸ棬жҶûףܰͰһѣǴкôԺͷӵʦˣ⻰Ͳ˵ˡ
ʿлѡ
壬ҲлҪҰ֡
˵ˣ˵׻ԼӡϴһңСû˵ŤͷߡȥˣⱲǱˣĿĶǶԼ·
£
ţ⡣Ҫҽ첻㿪ڣ
ѽããллˡ
ǲ˵Щ
˵үӴˡ
ܲ𣿡
壬Ժʲô˵ûҲԵ
⻰ô˵
ǰӲ㱻գȵġڷ־һΣҲԵݡ
ţԵǾͺúϧ
ţġ
һ޼ҺҶӳ̣м
ֻ֪ǲںˣ
Ī⣬ԺôͲ֪ˡ
ȥѧУȥҳԹͬѧʵǡʲôʱղ˰ÿ춼ʣˡ
ĩԼõȥ԰¼ҳԷȥˡ
Щ˾ֱˡмղˡӹ꣬ղˡ
Իǲ
ڿռ꣬оԼ־˲٣ΪһѾͷˣû뵽оϲʮڵСŲԴһľͲУϼصԶ֪㡣
μҸҪȥ鷿ѡ
ռأ׽һλʿDDɾҲûмء
򿪡ɾ¼һҳĻһλ׵ӣݵҲǴ˵Ӱɣ
ϻˣ
ĻóһźܴĻֽʼġ

64

֪˶ã˻񣬿߰˷ĻǺ⡣
˼Ҽ£ҵĻֻˣеʵڶԲˡ
ŻееԼû˻ãɾ⼼Ҳû취
ȥμҸѡ
͡ɾ¼һкü룬ͨľǽ롣һʯ룬һʯ룬һ룬һ׹룬һ룬ֻǲǴ˵еͲö֪
ÿβùϵĿš¡֡
ѽ봫үӣԼÿ۵ʯ룬ʶΪأ
һǰ¼һһԪһһƣš¡֡ʯģֻɢĲˣžϺõĹԼ̵ģŻͦ
׼һУ˸ͳȥϢ
ڶĺ磬һҪõĶ׼÷¥鷿
Լ룬ʯͷѸõԺӡ
Ȼ׼ò㣬͵μҸӵ
հ˵һ㣬μҸӴ룬Ųٶˡ
ȴμҸӣԼүү͵ܵȥ˶¥鷿
үү
к£Ҳʼ˵¡
ûˣЩ˵һ¡
μҸĶ
ѧǺܾǰһλʿжþͲ֪ˡ˵λʿɷ뷨ҲˣԵɺϺҡ
Ҫ˵˼䣬û˵
ģ
һΪڽ°ɣ
ǵıֻ֪үĿŮɡ
ţ
ξ꿴񣬻еɻ
ҹԱ˵ģүүš
ŨDDഫǰи½ܶ˶ڲˣѣ
ôƵġ
͵ΰɣ
תóԼڿռġĻչ
ഫλɷɾǿ
˵񣬰鷿ǽϡ
ҿһλһĺÿӣ޷ݡ
ɾ
ξ꿴Ż˵ΪǸ׷ԲԵˡ
ġģֻ߰˷ֵϣеϧ
һĻˣֻϵıʵһһʵˡ
үӺξ궼ŵ̱ڵأүҲʯͷͷ
侪ȵҲû£ǰһ
ݼɾ
ɣ
ƮԶŴͷһ䡣
ллɾðˡ
޷뷨񣬻ƣΪ񣬲ɺˣΥѵԣա
ˡ
ǵĨDD
ǨDD
Զִ
DD
بDD
㣬Ϊ
ϾһƮƮĺӡ
ллʦ
Ϊ֮
Ʈ˻صУεĴ
ټ
վﳯŻӻ֡
ǸղŵӣֻǱ񻭵ĸʵÿ
үүɣ
үʯͷһƨڵϣͷĴ󺹡
μҸӸ̱ڵϣϵ·ʪˣүӼĶˡ
ͷûΰɣ
һ¡
ûȥϺݺһ¡
˻DDۣۣģղ棡
˵ƿأ
һɵе
֣壬СʯͷǶǰɣ
žžDDСӣʲôҳ㡣
үӶԴơ
񰡣үүⱲû׻
ҾͲ˵ˣʦĻûȥãԺ󴫳ҽʱҲֵǼ
úúãģͷأ
ŨDDͷİɣ
μҸӶ֤
Ȿţҹȥϸǡ׽Ҵʦȫͣѵʦ˵ˣҾͲڶ˵Ǻú
ȫͻúѧϰҽƾˣΪ񡣡
ɣ׽ɾԼùģÿβп̡¡֣úϧ
ǣллʦ
ƿӣԪǸǵֻҪһڣܾȡʲôҲҾͲ˵ˡиһһƣ壬Ҳݵ
ãллʦ
ллʦ
ǶԼĳƺŤ
DD¾ˣǻǸһʵڲϰߡ
үү壬ɣ
ллʦ
ллʦ
¾ˣǸôô
ͷүӺʯͷ
үүû°ɣ
û£ҵĹԱб£үү쿪۽ˣүүˣ
˾ͺá
ʯͷ𣿡
Һܺã㣬ղǡ
ǽʦɾղֻǰһʶˣ²˵Ǽ˭˵Σգ֪𣿡
ҶᱻץģҸ˭˵
ŨDD㡣
ԶԶԣҹԱ˵û³žͲᣬҲе֪
ģͷ֪ء
үظ֤
ģǲ᾿
ξ֪أҲڱ֤
үү壬ȷ⣬ߵʱã׼˾Ʋ˳ߡ
úúãҽˣҪϸúúȼ
¥Ѷսռ䣬ԼҲ¥
Ǹճţʿһںʹ޶ǶŶˡ
񣬽;ʽʦһҹȿϲƣˡ
ʿ˵Բھ͸ᶼѣˡ
ˣǺܸˣӭ
񣬴޲ϲͽˡ
ãллֻƣүүǳҽܺãԺǻѧϰ

65

ҵүү
ﲮãǴ޶Ҷͺá
ãӭ㡣
ﲮãҽʿͶ鳿ȹأ
£ʲôʱ£
ǰվҺͺӡ
ѽǲǱ˷αߵĺӣ
ԶԣûҺҶӡ
úãû¾ͺãҲԵһȥԷߡ
үкȥĺԺ÷
ǳԷڸڣһɣ
һȥ˸ڵĺԺɾԺ䣬ĿźȲ졣
극үһȥԺĹ԰תתϲ˵߲ÿһЩߵʱ򶼴˲١
ڼҳ緹үүʯͷһȥүǡ
үгʯͷүһ·ġ
ʱ仹磬ȴүȥԺӡ
үүȥš
ãԱ·ȥ𣿡
ٺ١Ҳǣ
߰ɣҹԱүүȥģ
ǵʱƾɷڼңү⣬Ҳܸˡ
ˣ
壬
дүӣǶ˲ǵˮ
壬̣æˣҴүүڿһߡ
ôУòһأԷھǡ
̣
⺢ӣܣһͺá
Ϳˣֲˡ
ȱˣǴȥڿ˵
ƾɼû³ԷͳԸ˵
Ǿȥڿɣ
ȥڹһȦǰԺϸ˸顣үӿ棬֪ϲ
үүԺô
Щͷˣ⽨Ҳܽ
ϲͺãʰãͿԹסˡ
Ա˵
ţŮģ̳ʡ˲Ǯ
ѽҹԱܸɣүүˣ
ϵĸںͷأӵøմմ⣬ɱ
үӸˣʹȤǵүӴЦֹ
úãմ⡣ͷӽˣ¹ӡ
ǮֶӵȻˣҪúóһ١
ǳӳԣԵ㣬ͷӸˡ
ԺӣȥķꡣڸԶҲɫҲܲ
ȥĴȥ˶¥İ䡣
һ˸¥
һ۾Ϳ񣬾ݵϹЦݾ͹ֳȫһ
ͼһԷˣ
ţá
ҺְֿҲ࣬ͽɣ
ƾɷ޵ĸĸүӺƾɷ޶û˵ʲôҲûѿͣ
ϵĿܣκ˿˶Ϊǵ衣
šǾȽȥˣ˼վס
ҲûſڽԱʾҲģϽ߰ɣҲûЦɡ
ãǾͲˣټ
ټ
˽ţվԭؿŹŵİ
ȫԶˣҪۿš֪СС͵ĹҽжôˣҲմ磬ôͰСڸˡ
Сܸˣܲܲһˡﱾ´ƢҲСԽԽҪģĻģʱܿġ
ò˵ĴĦĺ͸Ҳܴ
Աүү˵ղǲˣ
ûʲôϴүү׿翴СеƲңҵʱ뿪ˡ
ߣƲҹԱͲҪұȥǲϴμҸģ
үһ£һŭ
Ҳ񻰡
үүɲҪŮõˡ
ߣ
үӺүүһͷе˫û֪үүųֵģҪǱˣҲŲأ
үǱת磬֮죬˿զࡣ
үүĹԱãТ˳ξˣԺǲǡ
ƾֱ飬ͷЦˡ
˵үŮǵģǿŵİֱŮĽడ
ɣӰʲô͵㣬ҪʡǮͷҽˡ
Ůڣ첻ˣ˼ҲҲ͸ղż£ҲѵټƾĬĬ²ۡ
Ѽز٣ֵĸˡүӺʯͷʳҪը棬ӳ׷Լͷ
ƾֿˣرϲͶСģ
ǺǺǡôʲôа
ٺ١ٱҪʲôʲô
ǺǺǡҿҲࡣ
˻ûųͷԵ㣬Ҳһһĳ
ԱϲʱͿΧſӸɳͷⷹԴͷûϡ档
˳Ա㣬ƾӸɴ͸һȥүǣҲôβġ
гʺó

66

ҩſεĴ޶
үϣͺܺõıպϣҲˮ
̧ܼ첲΢Ļ£ڳݲĽ֣
񡭡񡭡
үүã𼤶ǽȥ˵
ҹԱ˵ĶԣȽȥ˵
޶ŶʮСӣǰһνȥ
μҸҲӭүӺƾɷޡ
ϸ;ɷҲˣϡͰǽȥġ
;ɷ޸ǹԱš
źðԺһȾơҲϱ棬Ҵֲ赭С
֣Ҳ̫ˣƴɩ͸˳Դֲ赭Ժ˭
ϼһӽϵ˰ɣ
үӴŻͺúȡЦһүӡ
ãʱ߶ˡ
ǺǺǡҴֲ赭Ҳóԡ
Ѿͷˣ˶һȥ
˵Цֱӽ˺áֻ޶ιˮȣȻֱţϸ
꣬ȥĲ
õģȥݡ
ξ껶ȥݲ衣
޶ʰ׵үӡ
֣ﲮүү
үӻĵͷǴкˡ
⣬úһȾơ
ááơ
үӺܸˣȻҲڴپơ
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ãƾɣ塣
ֵܺãúãҽд޶Ҷӡ
˵תԶӵۡ
СӽˣվŸ
Ŀ׵ҲûɼǸƢõģ󷽵ǰһʺá
үүãã̺ãҽдĿ
ǸСӡ
үӶ˶ϲĿޡ
ţá
ƾɶĵͷԸʯͷ⣬˶ˡ
ʲôѽžͷˡãТ˳б£ϲϡ
׵ٴĴĿվһƽ˵Ĳ
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ˣȺȱ衣
ξҶϲˮ˳̵ġһ̷ܺǰһ̸үӺƾɡ
ڣ±ӣû˵
ߵĴ޶ָŶȿˡ
ȥˮϴ֡
ξվÿ˸ɻеⲻȥ
ȥĿźȲ裬ùܡ
ȥɣ
˵žЦЦȥˡ
⸸Ҳͦ˼
ҪǴĿƢô˵Ҳź͸׸Ҳ
һͶ˴ˮˣϡ
Ӿϴ֣վһߵл
лл
Ӧġ
ϴ֣үӻȥѽóáͿӰͳһ
ξֲ֪Ƿչȥ
Ű޳ָ򿪡һȽҪϸɫ롣
ξ϶롣
үӿҲ𾪣֪򵥡
ξ꿴ž۲֣Сĵ
ʲôʵģ
۹ⲻ
һ㶫˵һͲͨ
ţʯ
ʯû
ȻûʦõĲϡ
˲μҸӺү֪μҸӣǸ
񰡣ʦ˼ҵġ
Ҳʦ˼ùģ
û˵һξ꼤˫ֽӹȥϸβͿͽһġ¡֡
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һУ޶ҲΧ
ƾСĵĳһβϸ˿ַŻȥҡҡͷ
ʲô֣Ҳʶ
¡֡
£
ţʦš
һλˡ
ţ󲻵ĸߡ
ƾɼһɫнˣ˲һ㡣
񰡣ʦͺܲһ㣬٣û˵
޶˿Ķ˵
СûͶˣʦһǸˡ
޼Ҹӿ룬ʦǸҽ߳ˣû롣룬Ҳ벻ô档
ξ۰Ͱ͵벻֣ôϸĿš⸱ӣùȥøɾ޲һ顣
ϲ
ϲôϲأһʦ˼ùģ˵ˣȿȡϲ
ǽͺúѧɣҪѧĺãҾͰ㡣
Ҹ̫ͻȻξ궼š
ҪҰģ
ǰҪѧ뷨Ȼ̸
ģһúѧһ
žȥȥȥһȥ
񰡣
ʦʦɲҪҲǴͽܣͽÿվ
֣ʦ˵Ҫҵģ
žžž
װһģξడ
ߺôִţ
СӣϹֿҲ㡣
ʦͽ۸ͽ㶼ܹ𣿡

67

Ϲ£ٽһ顣
׽ҡ

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˭٣һȥ
֪ļ˶⸸ˣȲ迴Ϸòڡ
վſڵļ˾Ͳôˡ
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ߵſھүӽʦ֪Ѱ졣
ǾκˣССүӶҪʦҽöວš
һѿǿˣʮüˣ˶ˣϣܲ
ʵǸսţ֪ˣֻ޹ؽҪˣûմǡ
ôүүãͷǿʼʩ롣
ſڵļҲˣүɨһۣͽŸүþƾû
ξվڱϣϸѧϰ뷨Ҳû
үȿڡ
Σˣллľ顣ҡϹͷˣٻꡣ
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С䣬ϸţΧšүӺվһߵҲĽζ
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лл㣬Ҳллʯͷ
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ղ˭Ǻ˵ŮǸСӣܶʲô
һת˼Ҿ͵˼ҵͿŮˣ̫˼˼ҵĸˣôүôɰأ
Ҽλõ㣬үҲΡ޸ǵͷﲻʮֲڡ
һûôҽҲȱˣֿҲǸ
ƾɻˣ˵˵һɼҲǸܻ̣

68

һʱҶû˵үʵڲ˼ҪڣͱˣҲʵˡ
񡭡áүүš㣬
үӿ˵ˣӲ˵ǴҶ˵ʲô
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ҲãҲգҲһȥˡ
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69

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70

ڶ磬ûѧУʳóԷﳵȥԺҸʱ
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˵ʵǳ˵ϣ͵һ䣬һӷӦ

71

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72

ϣռѰսĶϸ鿴һ飬Ȼ׵򿪼ںľӣȻͲĶǱĳһ
һСӣһֻ̫ûһһ򿪿ļͼֵǣһ
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ʱ仹磬ȥϴεݳ档
ݾںͬڣϰǸʮĴ塣ȥûˣҪһը棬ϴγԹζֹܿӼϸ潽Ž֭żС⣬һëǮܲˡ
ſų棬ûԼڣͼſڵ̨һʮкһڻҵ·涼ǴССĲŻɾͷҵŶͷֻ۾·Ƶİ
ߵſߣ档һڣ̿ˮǶ˺ܾá
ôţеԲˣͷָϰҪһ档
ܿϰ˳ſڵСӳԡ
ϰе⣬ҲûſڵС֣ſڵĿλϳԣ档
˿˵ʲôû˵ͷڳ
񼸿ڳ꣬ϰǮϰٸһ룬óԱ
Űߣ·ߣ̧ͷеԱ͵ӣǹл
лDDлл㣬һǵĺá
˵ϽͷҲﲦһ
ÿ԰ɣһỹһ롣
˵ţϰһ롣һϰ˲˲١
ǰϰֺǺǵĴϽȳԡ
ϽԣĵĹˡͷ˲ϡ棬á
ϰôһ˵ۿˣ¿վ˵ʲôʲôҲû˵;˸µͷ档
ԣˣټ
˵ţ̧ͷЦһ£תߡ
С߰
šټ
ϰкȥﳵߡ
кתгӭŹԶȥղŵЦӡԶǡ
ԣȳԡ
ϰ棬ת

73

磬һڿΣ˾Χ켸ȥղˡ
ߵܵң᲻ˣ
£ô㶼˯̫һûأ
ԣڵ˵ûȥæȥ񰡣ǳٹȥ
̫ˣҪ
԰˵žͿ˼Բ޻˵
Ҽҳ԰ɣ
仰˵Ŀˣ˵ıQ˼¡
ԶԶԣǶȥҳԣ
˵ԼˮͳˣǵôҶЦ
DD£ö
ڵֱЦſϡ
DDһԻȲˡ
ЦĴȤˣһ
Աߵİ೤ͶֻЦҲ˵
DDãǾͰ˵㵽ɣó͡
೤Ҳֻ˼һװ
ʱô˵ˣܳԴͣǸ˼ڸɻԶԡ
ϻؼңԷĿյŴ϶Щ緹
ȥ䣬ӿռóʮ⡢ţ⡢Ѽһֻװ涼УóһͷĴ㣬ͷʮ㣬ֻðǷŴšû취Իǰ׼ʳġ
ڿռ䷭ʦӣͿʼרܶæϽռÿùΡ
ܺܺõĴ˵ʣľ
ΪþöûˣϴɾһDDѣڻáΪʹãһֱû׷Ҳеȸˡ
˲ϣ㻹ңԶнͺܲ
ռջ˲ٵʳСճرãǰִҲǲˡ
԰ڵļʮĶĵضˣ⼸ˣúù滮һ£Ϳֹˡ
ÿ޼ռĹ֦ȪˮţѾвˡִӲֿóһЩһţּʮĶǲˡ
ϣ˯˸˵𴲡
ʰ׵¥£үӺʯͷȥˡ
񵽸Ժӵʱ򣬳ðŴæүӺλȥ԰æˡ
ˣ緹ûأҪȳԸȺõͷ
ʦæµţšļλŴҲ⡣
Ųһһ԰ɣæȥ˵ؿ
ãȥɣүүǶڲ˵ء
ȥ԰Ĳ˵ؿ
ƽʱԷԺһԺԺмСţǶԺ
ԺӸǽ֮иСͨںǽϿ˸СֱͨĹ԰
ƿСţӭǹԪ԰Ȯͷ֥顣ǴСڿռ䳤󣬳Ľ׳ִԣһ˵ʲôҲܶϲ
үӿϡֻˣֻҪûˣǾԺ԰Ҳǿĺܺá
ֻëĸͷСԪֱվֻǰצļϣ
һЩͷ֥ѧҲվĻӭƣемܲס
԰֡Ԫ϶Ŀˮͷ֥Ҳ
ëԸķǰצΧ˦β͡
񰤸˱ǣǲˡ
үǣëΧת粽롣
ҹԱˣòϢ죬ô˯᣿
үүģ˯ˣ
ҵĹԱҪúϢҪѧϰҪĲ£ӰϢÿɲС
ҼסүүģҾߣʱල
ãҹԱТ˳ˣӲҪүүġ
ˣô˯ᰡ
βҲ𴲣ˣ˯Ӷ˯ɵˡ
DDԴҪ˯ɵҿѣ
DD⻰ʮ˶ϡ
ǰ߰ܲĸɽŻһ˵Ŀ佱
DDųʱ򡣡
ȫ˴һЩүӵģƽʱǺܶࡣ
үȫĻĸˣŮ˼⻰
DDԣҹԱҡ
ǣŮүүģôܲأ
DDԶԶԣҹԱĶãүү
һ߰ܲʯͷ˿㣬үү죬Ҫүү鷳ˡ⻰۲˵׾ͺá
үүզǼҲ˳ô
ðҾûôİײˣ㿴ⶼˡܲҸ첲ˣܲ㿴
үӲǰγܲͷһһøŮ
ȫɽηͶ׷ùԼγܲ񿴡
ܲסͷܲͺܲĶִˮۣʵϲˡ
ˡ۲˺ʹжͦãˮ࣬ƽʱҲԡ
æŰܲȻǰԺУ֪ǰԺˣʱ䣬֪ǼԻˡ
үүȳ緹ɣʰ
ãȳ緹
˸ճСţëͳ˳ȥ
ŵͬѧ׷ں溰
Ԫ֥顢ͷˡ
䣬ʹ˾

74

׷һԺͿ԰¶ԺУԪԴʹ꣬Ԫڷѣһȡ
࣬ݵĳͱŮסһ˻ˣưֻϣ˸ϽħץŮô꣬ҪҪˣ
Աߵ֥ͷҲû⣬೤Ͷб˳ëأԪö
ţҵĹã͹ˮģͦ㿴磡
ܲҲǶʲôģ밵²ۣ磬˰ɣô꣬ʲôԣ
԰ԪСʵǲ
ܲȷŹԪ㣬ûо𣿡
ûаұɹˣҧˣ϶ϲҵġ
Ԫͬ԰·һ԰ۡ
ԪҺҧ㣬˲ðԱ
񣺡жײУ㻹ǲҪ֪ĺá
Ԫ
ע⣬ԪˣϽŶԺȥ
԰׷ԪŴӶԺүȥƨɶֱơ
үүãβ߲󲮺ã
԰¸˵ȥүǴк
ߣİ೤ͶҲүʺá
úӣԣϾͳ緹ˡ
˸£ڵҲˡ
ôһˣ
Ų˳·ˣ԰¾ʵ
Ҹպſ㡣
үүã
үүã
úãҪϾͳԷ
ٺ١үүҵķóԣҽҪԵ㡣
԰һ㲻˼ҲûУֱӿڱ¶ԼĳԻԡ˾öˣǻҪأѲ䷹˵ôֱ׵ģҲֻˡ
DDãϲͶԵ㣬үүҵķǳӳԣܹ
үӺ죬һΪΪҳߣֻųˡ
ŴķҲˣŴſһӣɤһԻĿˮġ
ˡ
һɤӣҲóԻǾҸ˶˷òڿ졣
緹һ̴࣬г⳴ˣһ̲˿һ̳ףʳǴͷ
ͺܷʢ˹⿴žˮŽܳԼͷ
ԣҪ
үӷˣ˼ȶ˿ӣǲſԣԻҲǽڵġ
Ĵͷһҧһڣֱ̫ˣһڼǣû˵
ͷͺ԰£ҲһӼζҪ̫á
ͷ̫óˣ⡭
û˵꣬йӿˣֱл

һߵͷˣŮ˻ʶһͷҲҳԹӡ
DD
DD£ͷˣ
ͷ
ͷˣ
ڵЦᶼˡ
DD
ǺǺǨDD
ͷһʵĶкͰ೤Цֹ
DDͷҹԱ
֪˵ʲôãԼҲûʲôã
һߵͷˣĹͷ˲ȣ˵˦β͡
ﶼԣ˭˭Ԫ֥顢ͷǿɲһĴ
ֻһҳʲôǾ͸ųʲôڼҲǱˣŴͺ۰ǡ
ΧŴ˦βͣɸˡ
𼱣ǵķһٳԡ
̫̣ŴţȻǾܳԡ
ÿǸӲͣǿռĺöĻǽռ䣬öιģǳԶҲܰɾǳԷõҲǺһ룬ҲҪϴĸɸɾһĽ
ǰɾҲţܲʲô¡
һͷһ࣬ȳˣȻȥչëԷ
ԣҳԺˡ
˵žͽȥ˳ԱߵСϡԪͷ֥飬ǹԹԵĶţûԾôš
һͷִһѼӪζ˿Ŷóԡ
԰ɣ
һ˵ǾͿԣԵϸ
ȥԱߵСľϣǵרëc죬磬Ŵȿɰɰļλͬѧˡ
ǵķϴãÿˮһ顣
ļͬѧһμôԷôôǼֱҪԼĲ繷
ҹ潲ԵıҶá
԰˵˵
ǲǹҼҵһԱҳʲôǾͳʲô
ҵĹҸֲôҲ˭ĳġ
˼ҹӣڵиж
һûôõĹ
೤ϲĿޡ
šǶܺá
˵ţ񰤸ǡ

75

ֻԹԵΧ񣬶ڵϣ˳ĲˣĽ
緹ЪϢȥԺղˡ
䣬û׼ѩأͺãøϽꡣ
Ҳ԰󣬻
󰡣
ⶼǼҵİ
Щʲô
ţܲ󡣡
һĿŲ԰ӣʶ
ЩҼҵģˮ
һƬĵأ˶˼
˵ˮԻǲˡ
ˮЩˮ𣿡
ǡ
Ƕʲôˮ
ƻӡ桢ӡӣҡһЩˮ
ôడ̫Ժˮ㡣
˵԰¾ܹҪ񣬱
DD
ǺǺǨDD
ôôҰ
԰վ񣬴Ҷֺǡ
ȿʼܲһͷܲǲϵľ
ţôܲҸ첲һˡ
ܲҲ̫˰ɣ
ͬѧֵʲôܲ
죬쿴һóԺü졣
ǰžϰˣɻڸǲסĵļôõܲî㾢ĸɡ
ɵ𾢣ֻ嵽ݺ棬ǰԺС

76

룬ǷԺʿˣߡ
˺ˣˣȥ
ֻͣ¿Уߡ
Աôˣ
үүǰԺˣȥ
ȥɣ
Сţβ͡
յǰԺͼŴϵΧȹվſڸ˵
Ų𣿡
񰡣㡣
˵Ͳÿ˽
񡪡
Ժʿ
︱Ժʿãҽࡣ
ãͺã
ǷԺʿһʮˡ
ֻôɵվ˦βͣˡ
ҵĹԡ
Ǳһ㹷һЩ
Ŵǡ
ǳ緹𣿡
е㲻˼ԺʿˬһЦ
ǼŹûԡ
ŲŪЩԵİɣ
񣬲鷳ˣٳһ
︱DD治ãǲ
˵꣬ӡһ죬Ρ
Ҳճˢͷһ̲ˣǳԣȥˡ
û˵Ŵתȥ˳
ûһͶһľ̽ˡ
ˡ
࣬һͷһ̲˿򵥵һ㶼ᡣ
Ժʿͬ־Ͻ԰ɣ
ãҾͲˡ
лл񡣡
ÿȳԡ
ԣﶼÿ˺ãûô¡
ŴΧȹӣųԷ˵
ԣͷУʢȥԺղˡ
Ųæأ
ȥˡ
ԺʿųʦȥԺղˣĪļϽ߳Ա
ʼˣ˳ô
ԣȥ
úãֵĲ˿϶ˡ
˵߿ٵĳԷͬ־ҲԵĲһͷ¶ˣﻹͷе㲻˼ˣǺࡣ
ͷУȥʢÿ
ͷһһſȥװ˷СˣҲԵı㡣
緹ԺʿЪûЪһᣬҪ˵ȥ
ֻͷȥ˺Ժ
ԺʿȥγֱܲĲ
ǨDDֵܲ
ţаײˣĶ
Ժʿ̧ͷܲڵİײ˵أһſŴײ˰ĽʵվڵͷʵСûôõİײˣĳŰײ˵ܹȥ
æµŰܲ˶ˣ֪ôæܹȥ
үֺǺǵĿŷԺʿһûӣҲԺ
Ժʿһڰײ˵ﴩǸá˵һӵĻʵ˵
DDDDúúá
үСһЩҲʮˣȻվڲ˵˾ôޡ
ҵļλ곤֪ʲôҲʱ飬ҶͬС
԰¼˱Ժʿˣ֪վڲ˵ڿʲô˿ܲײ˿ˣвɣ
ɿһĿſ޵ˣҲûйȥʡ
Ժʿȶûв˼۾߹վǰ͸Ϲȥ
︱ԺʿҴũԺл㣬Ҳл㡣ǶӵʱϾҪˣлл㣡ǳл㣡
ҲлǾϹǵл˲֪̫Щܲײ˵ˡ
︱ԺʿллĹס
˵ֶһ
ļλͬѧŷӦһصܲͰײҲ˼
˶ĳƺǸ⡢桢ľ
ǰСDDȷ˵ѧСҲġ
⡮︱Ժʿɣ
ԺʿÿǺúú
DDãǸӣǵú
үӺÿͣԺʿүӼȻ
Ķأײ˺ܲһĶҲóؼ㣬ҺյǹֵģĶû
ƽʱԵҲǹֵĲˣƬҲ˵˵Ķû
˶󣬴ǸɻҲ緹㣬һĶܲͶγȥҶںá
ܲҶӶշźãǺö̲ˣҲɹ˸ɣǹĺòˡ
ûмһԺʿͬ־ȥˣ˳ŰѳصĴһҲһհײˡ
෹Ȳԣﳵȥˡ
ųɽܲһǺгɾ͸еġ
ȥǰԺЪᣬȳ緹ٸɡ
үӷһĶײҲû٣˶ɻɣҾͶɣȳԷҪ
Ŵʯͷ˳Է
԰ºͰ೤ǾͰʯͷ棬ղŸ˾ȥǰԺæ
үүŲ˵ˣдҳԷ
ãǸϽȥԷ
ʯͷ껰Ͻֻܡ
Сʯͷ˵˵ʲôóԵġԪͷǱܰȵҨDD
԰׷ںܱ߽׷ȥǰһƴܡ
೤ͶҲ׷ȥ׷ȥߣ
ӲϲǣȻϺͼˣǶŲļ͡

77

緹Ŵ׼ǳ˰׷ǾͲ˵ˣöӲУ⡢ն졢顢㡢Ƭ㡣Ǻ㣬һزҲܲſɿڣزУ貤˷˿ܲײˡ˿̵ܲĲˣشӪζŴ˳һ趹һӰͷ
ʳҲõģֱӰ׷ͷǼֱܡ
һòˣ׷ӵļ˲£Ҳһ
೤Ͷлãٲװһ£ϴִҾ˵˵ЦЦĵŴ
԰¾Ͳֱ̿ˮһӺóԵӶɳ˺Ц
ˣˡ
Ŵߺ߲ͷ󺹴ӳԺﶼõˣҲϽղҲˡ
ô䣬˶ֱԺԷ
СˣǿɣˣԵ㡣
үӿкҳԷһϵĻǶˣǳԻ飬ôһʳ͡ˣôһѾˡ
ҶˣҲûôིүӷǾͶӴԡ
үӺͷԺʿŴǼ˵ƺȣʯ֪ͶˣүҲһ㡣
Ҳȵ㣬˺ȾƲѪԡ
ʵҲƣүӸС뱭ҲûүӳȾƣòʹ졣
ڼ䣬Ժʿмүһƣھһƿ׾ƣǺȶࡣ
ǺȾƣڵǳԷ극ʯͷȥԼϢ
ǶԺݣԺС԰ﻨݶݻƣм̵ǽм÷ЩǶ䣬ڻ԰ɪĶŲֲ֪ڻ԰ܺһҲûжĸо
ԺӾһס
ԺתһȦſӣҾ߰ڵ룬ҲǸɸɾסӣſʵġ
ţԺĿǰֻԼķ䣬š
̫ҸˣҶҪˡ
԰һŵ˵ţһ㼵ʶûС
뼵ʶʲ׷ˣԺͱˡ
ǺǺǨDDڵ˵ûԺҲͱˣԡ
˵ڵ㣬ǿɲңǱȣұ첲ҲС
ǺǺǨDDð첲ñ
DDҺڵͱȣֵġ
ʯͷȽݣ԰ҲŽȥ
Ӻܴ󣬽ȥǸСڵļҾ߶һˮĺľϼҾߣ͵ľ޺ŵĶǳɫаŵĺӣζžͲһ
鷿ĵľǲָɾԱ߹ſ촹Ĵӡʮƽ׵鷿⣬ǽ涼ܣ˸鼮鷿мŴһķ鰸ɫӲ͹һͲͨľϡ
Ҳң濿ǽŷһĺľ¹һźܴĺľ񻨴󴲣׻ɫ˿죬Ҳûеôڴϣ򵥴󷽺ζʹ鷿һ
һȦ˶µʶ
κһҾ߶ǷƷϵıҲǼĴޱɱȵģƽʱļ򵥣Ҳܵ͵˭Ҳ벻ôô򵥣
̫Ưˣֱ̫ˣҶˡ
԰ڵ̱޺ϣһܵĶԹ
߾סɣ
ģ˰ɣ
һģ̱ﲻ
ȥó˸ֵĺСʳڲ輸ϣ԰Ѫͳԡ֪˭ղŽųԳˡֶ˳׼õˮСһӣƻӣͳӡ
˱߳Ա죬԰ʵǳԲ˲ͣ죬ϿϢ
⡣
еԥ֪Ҫʲô
ʰɣ
ŨDDǣ˼ôû尢̣ع𣿡
ߵʯͷ͵̧ͷ԰һۣתͷŶűߵԪһԡ
Ĳ豭ࡣڵ㿴ķӦ֪԰»ʡ˵ʲôȴ֪˵ʲôãԱʲôҲû˵
ͲˡְҾʱˣһºҲȥˡ
԰´ûĸĴ԰Ҳû뵽һʱΣ֪˵ʲôãڵû뵽ҲҲѰ
񣬶ԲҲ֪ңҨDD
԰еҵĺ͡
ûϵҰְΪеӢۣ˵һֱڡ
񣬶ԲҨDD
û뵽尢̨DD
DD
ǲҺʯͷܺáүүǵ۰Ȱְ٣ҲȺุܶĸڵĺӸҸûʲôǵĸĸֻȥ;ˣǺܰԼĺӡ
ţǺܺãҶĽˡ
ǣõүү
DDүүˡ
ţүүĺܺá
Ҳôһλүү
˵˵֣ղŵĲɢ
ʯͷҲվԪĶ䡣
үүãҲá
˶Сˣһ硣

78

극ʯ֪Ͷйǣſǵ˵Ҳһ
һֱҲܺĸĸɴû˵Ҳûйʣ˭뵽
ү𾴣ĶҲͬǾ塣Сǲٵͬѧء
µĽȥķӡ
治
ʯ֪˵žԹԵ£ϸÿҾߣǸеġ
ЩҾ治Ʒ
ãԼϲԻ˼
ˡ
ҼǰԻġ
˵أ
ɣȲ衣
Ҳ豭ͺȣ㷹һܡ
ոҺ֪ſ˵ˣDDǶܾҲǵӢۡ
ллҰְ֪˿϶ˣҵĴӢۡ
ϣлȥ
ţ´ȥʿ԰֪ͨɣ
и˺ŰĸоԺŷ֣˹ﶼѪرӢûûȥһִ
һҲҪ֪ͨңҲȥ塣
ţʱ˵
ͬѧһҪǵãʱһȥ塣
ʯ֪֣صҪ񣬿⼸˶棬ԾʹӦˡ
˳ŵģȲ죬ڡ
ʱүӵ
Ա
DDүүôˣǲͬ־ˣ
Сͼλͬ־ѾˣڳԷأСһˡ
һң
һҡ
ǳԷ𣿡
ǳԹġ
ү˵ţʿһھͽˡ
ʿߴӢǣſɰ鳿ƯŮʿ˵ܹ֡
񣬺һʱûˣˡ
ӭŮʿǰš
DDôôɰ
˵ҿɰһˡ
DD壬Ů
DDҹԱС¡
ʿЦˬҲϲŮֶŮ
壬̣鳿ǽȥġ
ԶԣȥģȥǰԺžͲˡʿСһԷ˶֣Ϻúġ
æǾˡ
úãģү
ʿ˵ãүӾȥǰԺк
ʯ֪԰¼˼һڽ׷ʺáʿƲ֪˲һ㡣
壬̣ͬѧÿ
ʿʯ֪һ֮䲻ҪĻϾ
ͼŮҲͶԵҲĵ𾢡ļͬѧƷƯֻ˵ûһ˵Ц
輸ϵĵˮˮҲûϹ
ʱˣţԼȥԺ
һ˵׵ҪȥæհײˣʿҲҪȥֻҪһȥæ
ǽȥײ˶֮һˡ
ĸˣСӣɻǺ֡
һȥȻĸ
˶࣬ͳȥһЩʳĸ׼Ŵ
ĵײ˾ͶˣǳأĶж٣ҲǸ˺ڴʱ̡
Ҷܲװãʼӡ
ܲĶǧ˰ٽ˶ˣɵˡ
ʿﶼˣ׼棬Ҳࡣò˼ũҵشչҪǰŮһµĴţ±ǾöϢϢأ
Ժʿıӣֵǲţ붼˵
ģģûΨDD
κܵˣǲǿԼЦ̧ԼϡžһƣоۣŻع
ûΣģġǨDDҲöˣҲˡ
˵žˣҲˮôһܲǾʽׯ¡ļλ͵Ķۿ
үǰսҲܹ˭ʳ塣
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ԺʿүӵĻ׵ͬʵֵף
Ҫúףһ£ǵ˶ͷˣ
鼤ֶڴĳƺ˰ײ˵
ײûܲˮݴĶǧŰٶҲǧˡȻˣֻδҵܶࡣ
ԺʿһصܲײˣͶ˵
Щô㣿
⻰֪뷨
Ժʿôġ
ЩũԺҪˣ۸㶨
ǾͶ߰ɣҲũԺһӣ˾ũԺĳɹˡڼ۸ǿŸɣ꿪һֵġ
֨DDʲôУũԺȫ֧֣ط𣿡
طһСƬ͸ڵĵĿǰҵģ˵
Ҳడ
Χүӣ˶ۣʮĶػ࣡զأ
ֻ֣ĶùܣͷһƬеĻĵض㣬ֻܷ־ͺá
һ仰ΧеĻĵػˡ
ڵĹ԰ϸʰõĻĵܹʮĶΧе϶ϰĶˡ붼ƬڿڳΧʮ꣬ƬͶǴĵضΣԺ
Уҷ֣»ǰæΪ˷㣬ػǰҲŸҪ
DDģã졣
ʿ԰ܣľκˣһƬҪСˣٹЩ꣬뵽ˡ
ڴֽţֻеò֡

79

Ķܲײ꣬ڹ԰Ҳһˣֻ²˺۲ˡ
׼˼ݲװãǴߵġ
翪ʼ׼ŴҲġ
ӣ۵ĴͶ͸˰Ƥžʳ
ʣµ׷˴࣬мѼ⼸¾Ʋˣ˼ˣνǷʢ
񼸸Ůʯͷ鳿ĲԡԺһ˺Ⱦ죬ò֡
ҷ׷׸ǡ׼˲߲˴ȥʯ֪Ҳ˲١
Ժʿ뿪ģ֮ǰһǹˡ
æµһүӾܺã˼ҵҲŶˡ
ڿռ꣬үӺʯͷһ˼·бů¡ë¡޵ĿӡЬ޷޷ñΧ׶׼ˡ
ָδҲ׼ˣŴҲ׼һ
ĶϷͬر䣬ЩҪѩǰ׼á
óȥ䣬·ǣƻѩ
һʱûȥƾɷˣҲȥָǷһ׼һ޷ǾƺɫƾɵɫӶܼ򵥴󷽡
ڶϣ߳ͱ߾ᣬҪҪʯͷһȥˣƽʱͺܶ£Ҳôȥ棬ҪĻôණӿռóҲ㣬Ϊѡ
Ա극үүʯͷȥţڼҺúϢû¾ȥ˯
үүֱˣԼүүͶأүү
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ģүүأĺëҶţЩϼһĸĽүү壬ĽиТ˳ĺŮ
һʱ䣬Ҫȥޣ
˼ҸˣҲû˵
һҲȥ䣬ʯͷ򼸼·ԽԽ䣬ƿѩˡ
үүв·ͲˣԼ򼸼ѧˡ
šкʵһԼģүүġ
үӳŰĲˣǰʯͷͳšýͷ١˼ĺܺãСðûйʶļ棬ҲãᣬҲ˼ʡ
ȥԺҲװһˣУƾɷޡϵĲ˾ֻаײܲܽȱ
װһӣȥμҸӡѲսռ䣬Сг
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һʲôСӴôزأ´β
߶ְᶫ߶еͬĸо
ǲˣյģǳ
Ѳ˰ȥŴߣֳгƽȥ
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ٺ١Ǻܶ࣬ﳵû⡣
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޷Ǹģϲϲ
忴ǰһСķӣôװ޷
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һһ
򿪴ӣĺС޷óһƺɫģһɫġ
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·ȻƾҲˡǺ«͸һһ壬һ·һ־Ǻ«ͳԡ
ۣҲû˵ʲôˡ
޷㿴ᣬһûأ
ţ
ù·򿪷ϸϲ
壬ɫϲ𣿡
ܺÿ
޲ŲůЧܺã䴩á
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ǺǺǨDḌô˵үүһ
ǺǺǨDD˼Һãи
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˵˻¼ӡп޷ϼ򵥸ı飬еϸɲĸо
ֲǰöСϲ壬治һ㡣

80

ţƯ˵ʮһ仨ҲǸÿĻǶ䡣
꣬ǺǺǨDDѾͷ̫˵ˣǶ䣬ôڵĻǶ𣿡
ⲻǰһ𣿡
ǺǺǡҲôȤ塣
ЦƾҲͦ·ŶЦû֦չˣһ硣
Ǻ«ҲһĬĬʱ䣬ҩһˣҲˡ
𣿡
ʣҲû롣
ͦãܳ˯ö⼸
ţҸѰ
ã֣и
ǺǨDDôԽԽүүˡ
ϸ۵ָϣƾʶ˼
еţ·־ô߬·оԼе̫䡣
۲ϵı仯üľ͸
죬ɫķ֣ƾɵҲŷ£ɻеʧоԼˣҩų˶ð
ҪúϢעʳӪĶ
ģڵӺöˣҳԵĺأ
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ƾɻӣղŵ˼ԺһʱûˣһԸ
ƳԲˡ
ôʲô°ھȥ극ߡ
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ţ𶯣
⺢ӣˣҡ
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Ͳ˹ˣˮ۵ĺܣžͺóԡ֣ϾͳԻɣ
˵ξʹ޶ӺŽξϻմŻҳڸɻԼ˲ų
пչˡ
ţ޲á
áղں濴ˣֵĲãžϲˡ
СҲ֪޲ڣûϲȥҼã˻в١
˵ҵĲ˿ž۲ҾͲˣȥá
ãóԵĵ
֪òģԼҲġ
˲ҲԸ򽻵
ϢҪԵġ
үӵһۣЦ
ûǲˣˮģ˵ֵĲһ𣿡
ǹάǿȷʵû˵ռƷĲһ
ôô죿Ҫ㣿
˶Ҫˡ
ô඼Ҫˣǧɣ
Ҫˣһ
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ǣЩ˳ҲĶôôࣿ
Ʒ֣ߡ
Ҳ̫ˣ
⻹ʲôܲߡ
ɫˣүӵˣҪһ

81

񰡣ģ
ģֻԽԽãҲԽԽߣʱүү֪ˡ
úãţ˵Ҷš
ξ뵽ôĵأټ߲ӣԺĹ⾰롣
߲ӻ᲻ᡭ
֪ĵģ¸Լ鷳
ֵֻأĶũԺ
㻹ʶǵ˰
ţȷе˵Ҳǵһӡ
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ʲôܵȥˣҵ⸱ԺʿģƶƲ
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DDʮ칤ʲҲû˵
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DDѾͷǺ£ҲȥңϸȾƣúףһ¡
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үӷǵԷܾˣξ͸¶޼Ҳ˼ʮĶأ׼͸л
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Ȼһ
תͷһһЦݵѹ»תߡ
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ﳵн֣Ȼųб߿
Сԡ㡢ЬװݣȻ򵥣ԴֶС
ų˼ǰΧһȦˣԼ˵Ľ
ƳȥվȺΧ
ȺСڵϣкʮһ꣬źʯͷ󣬵ܶࡣﱧŸɪɪŮа˾󡣿ݻƵͷӣк
Ӵ·ϴķף涼ǲɾ
վ𷢸ߴСӣǵĸͷһϡ
һ׳ʵýߵϵкӢţ
ģҵǸ㡣ٲǸҾɱ㡣
ˣǸ˵ʲô
һһȰк׳ʵӡ
ҲС˵ãΪʲôҪΪЩ˵
Ҫ֪ﲻǵĹңǲ¡
˵ãСǻЩĵС𣿡
˵ƵĿŵϵӡ
гͣԱߵǽǣȺּȥҪʲô
ֻк¶ףСŮıӡŵСۡޣһкꡣ
ŮųŮͷ޺гɾ͵ĴЦ
˵ã㿴̫Сˣ档
߬ȭͷ۵һƬ⡣
ǰʹСӣȥܶңΨûȥһøжûУЩҺ޲˵Ǿǵġ
һģҲЩ
Լϣӱ裬ûһվɱ
֣λϵкͻȻִץŮͷ֡
ӺȻûעⱻСк֡ɫͻ䣬к񿴵ϵͲơ
񶺲ĳһкĲ֡
˷ܵôǰСŪʱ򢱻һ
ʱðǣԴΣһƨԵ

82

һԣб˵õȻĶɵˣ˵ڵϴеĺ
ģ˭ңȺҪɱǡ
ûϽĺȥкһֻ֡
վ
ҲĮ
к۾ûκԥڳһֻץס֡
һˣǻ
Χ˽ţĿڵϵĺ
һԵı˵ڷӦǰϵĺС˵ʲô
վ˫򢣬صĳһѪˮ
ިDDģĸ쵰Ҫɱ
Ҫ˵ˣǸûȥˡ
˦˵֣򢣬֡
˵ãСҽҪúýѵһЩ
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ɫ˼䣬һ
ǵģеİİҪΪİۡ
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Ȼù˵ţΪ񲻻ӢתͷԱ˵˵
˵ãŮҪҪ棿
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Ļ۵ɭ䣬ǿˡ˵ŵĺ˼ɫҰס
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תͷ˵кǣŮϽˣŵĿ˵
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ǸҪɱǡ
ڳݲĽţһߵĴ
Ů˵ʲô
˵ǶҪɱǡ
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˶⣬ǵĵϻҪɱǣȳ㣬žžžžDD
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ڽ˵ʵͦⲻ
Ůǲǣ
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սòпᣬŰ죬£ΧһУɱǣǾͽ
һϣȭߣһų飬ܿš
ΰԱҴҵܹȺɢȥʹүܵʱүϽܡ
񵭶Աߵû
ΪʲôҪܣܵǵĵط۸ǵĺӣҪɱˣܣҪػҪıΣǡǵʸʸס
⻰ҪܵĲˣ˼Ҳͣ½ŲΧɢȥҲ˹
үˣҲǿӲ
ûûˣܵﻹҪǣɱǣҪƻǵİЩ˽뿪
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ⶼǵˣɣǡ
ǡ
ǻ뿪
ǳˡ
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83

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ͬ־ͱɫҲǾӳģǶ֮ǣŸ顣
С㶮
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Ĵһôõķ꣬˵ʲô˿Ĵ´磬סû˵

84

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85

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86

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87

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88

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ڶһ磬緹үӺʯͷȥԺӡ
ôŵû򿪴ţүӺʯͷȥԺŴǽĺܺãһҲ޵ĺۼ
ʽŴĸɸɾԭͷ򿪼ӣүӺʯͷת˸㡣ȥԺپͽˡ
ŵһμеģǿҲܳԾ
ټүе㲻ڣɵײǱŤˣ󷽷վš
үү٣Ժæġ
ү۹һ֪ǰСӲǰ;ϲиɾˣٵӡܺá
СӲǰ;
ټүͨʣ֪˼Ҳһ㣬û뵽ͦ˵⡣
үӹˣҾǸϹģֵ䡣
ҪȥģֻҪ¾ͺãСӴˡ
үү䣬ǽȥ˵ɣ
ã˵
үӽܴʰøɾ࣬ûסˣò˶١
סԴүȥ濴ڱ˵ô
˵治ǰ󼸸ԺӶ룬ֻȿֻľˣȻ⡣
ԺӵﶼˣҾҲãҪסĻñС
үӿһ飬ϲԺӣֻſҲҪæԺӣԼԺҪס
ȻˣʲôӦ
ٿү˵۵ĽүӺ۰һ㶼⣬ŮӾӦñ谮ģأ
ٰеԿ׸ҲûṤǮ´ߣϽס
٣ȵȵȡ
ͣ½ŲڻζղԼ֣ûԼôٽмһ㶼ûʾ
ţ˵ʲô£
ѹǮߡ
ż
Ҷ׼ˣ߰ɣˡ
ŨDD
ȵһ£ҽȥ
˵ͽԱߵƫӿռóһٽ׺һٽ档ָ׼һݣװʮһ׾ơ

90

ûʲô©תȥ
׼һٽ׺һٽ棬㿴Ļ١
̫ˡ
ʲô
òôʳ̫ˡ
ûϵʳ㿴ŰɣԿ˵ĺܺã˵Ժ󻹻鷳أ
ô˵Ҳû˵ʲôԺҪˣھӡ
ȥҲ׼һݶա
Ҫ´¾Ͳˡ
û취ˣеռ˵ĸо
˹ʳ׼ĶүӴкͻȥˡ
׵ҲŻؼҳԷ
緹үϼҵ顣
ʮѧУҪż٣ǰϼһˣǰһ£ʡĳ
ֻԼȥؾͼ죬ү֪Ůı£ٻе㵣ġ
ԱҪүүһȥɣһŮӼҼҵģүүġ
үү治õģ϶йԱģһȥ˾ͻҲͼĹ
ҪСģлһҪҹԱ
ţģҿ϶ᰲȫҲûô໵˵ġ
ҵǰ籨ȥ㡭
үү鷳󲮣Ȼϰ£ٻش鷳ǣϵгܷġ
ãǡ
ģһʮŷż٣أ
үأҲġ
ĩԽʽżǰһлûμӣֱֽ٣ڶ̤ϻϼҵĻ𳵡
ڻƽĶȹ죬ڶ͵سǣеĶսռ䣬ֻһ
ȥӪԷһһˣһ׷أͻȻ˽ͦ졭
DD
̧ͷһ𩣬һˣսĴš
DD
㰡㲻ھô
ǰշż٣һ¡
˵أһ˻ģ
ţһˣߡ
DDѾͷӲСôһ˳ˣôԶ
ǼվԼķ˵Ҳÿ¡
˵ɡ
ãǺһɣ
ûϵɡ
ĸ˵ĸˣһ׷˺ܿ˱߳Աġ
ҿڵϿˣ㰡DD
˵ųĴָޡ
һ˵ԷҲ˿
˵С￴ôô죬ԭ񰡣
񣬶˶ˣ簡˲𡣡
ӣУʶ񶼲˵
Է˻лأ
һҶüˡ
ⰸӶһˣһչûУDD
ۿҪˡ
԰ɳ԰ɣ˵
𩿴Ѱ̾ҲܣôֵİӣֻӲͷƤˣãҪи
͵̧ͷ񣬱ϵͬ±һ۷Źⶢ𩣬Ŀڡ
DDôˣ
ûʲôǵġ
˵ͷٵĳԷ߳Ա߿ô񿪿ڡ
ʵѾҪԼæΧڣԸǵġ
극¿ӣһֶӺˮȵĲɡ
¾˵ɣ
ôһ˵е㲻˼ҲûڱŤֱӿڡ
иӺܼ֣æͿûʱ䣿
ʱУͿܲܰˡ
ܨDDһܣҲֻܰˡ
ӣ⡭
𣿡
Ǹӡ
ͬ¶Լľûǽֻͣǲ֪ı¡
ǲʲôҪ˵ǺֳҲ
ðɼû˵ʲôֻܳԷ
иӣæһһչûУæ
ţֻҪܰæһǵġ
ҪǲҪȥһ߰ɣҰϸ˵һ¡
ǲҪǾȥȥɣ
극ſڵļճֱӳȥǵλ
棬ֳҲڣҲҲܸˣԸ˲赹ˮ
DDСа취æˣһͷûУͷˡ
»𳵣ˣصġ
DDصĺãС𣿡
ղһԷ˺Ͱ칫ҵļˣֳôҲġ
֪£Ҳõ̫ʱ䣬ͰѰӵһ顣
Ӱر𲻺ãһûУĿ֤ˣ˵Ĳ̫࣬Ҳû֤һûС
ôռʲô𣿡
ʲôûУŮ֪
սʱûнӡʲôģ
ӡУֳƻˣҲûȷǸǷ˵ġ
ȥֳ
ѣسǱϣȥʮӣСھߡ
ֳ
ϻǸϽߡ
˵񡢺ֳ˸ղŵĳ漸һȥֳ

91

ʮӾ͵ˣܱߵһСӣӣˣûʲô˳֡
һڶɱˣֻûκưôָƣֳûܷһмֵ԰ӾͿˡ
ܺ˼ģлŵȳζ
ԺﵽҵĽӡܼªҲû̫ණ鿴һ飬ʲôûзֳ֣ϸ鿴ԺӣÿһضŹڵϸ۲졣
ֳʲôҲû˵쿴ļ˿ֱüͷԺһĿȻõѵܱɳӲﲻɣô룬ʲô˵ֳúõأû˵ķݡ
۲һᣬӰͳһѳӡӺͱʣʼϵĽӡڱϼ¼ݡ
ǰǰæµ˰Сʱ˲ٽӡ˽
Ҷڵӡֳ֪ⰸҪнչˡ⼸˶⣬ɵվ⿴Сӡ棬е㲻ʹ졣
ֳưģӡ
һȥҪ˵
ֳ˵˻£񲻸ˡ
͸оǵĲҲ⣬ԹԵæµš
ĿĽӡݣԿ϶ֵġ
ôǲʲô֣
ֳͼķʡ
ţش֣ܼĿ֤𣿡
ܣöģȥС
ֳȥĿ֤ˣҲûţԺǰתһȦٴȷԼĲ²⡣
Ŀ֤һһŮŮʮ꣬еʮ꣬˵ȫԶֵԱûͳһúֳһηѡ
ǵ˽
ʼ򵥻һͷͼŮĿ
𣿡
Ů̧ͷһۣһ֡
û
˵žͻȻܺ¡
ллϣ벻Ҫģл˺ˡ
õĨDDҨDDҲ£ˡ
ֳͨ죬𩳤ĳһ³ˣó˲١
λɫ죬ֱԼ۾񶼱ˡ
ûǣֽϻһͷͼӿ
ǲ
ûŮģֻͷƻƵģĶĺ񡣡
ã֪ˣҲллϡ
ӦõģӦõģץסҲͰˣDD
ģܿץ
ãš
Ŀ֤ˣֳ
񰡣ǲֵˣ
У
ֳԶԣֻˡС˵Ķû˵
˵㣬ǻȥ˵
һּҴҵĸϻȥڴңֳλԱߣҿʼķ֡
æµһ£˿ûͬ־Ҳܼ
Ŀ֤ṩֵܻòͼĻҪǡ
֤˵̫Զһ˵еģһ˵Ůģ˭˵Ķأ
ֳʳ˴ҵʡ
˵ĶǶԵġ
ôܣѵһһŮˣ
ҲԽԽˡ
־һˡ
ǡ
û˵ʲôͷֽϻûһһͷˡ

ţDDˣ
ûͷӦܹصˣûͷŮĿ֤˰ˣұųĿ֤˰ŮˣĿ֤˵Ķû
ôû뵽̫ˡ
ֱԼ۾̫ˡ
Ǽʶˡ
æµһ£ڡ
ǶţֳüĿˣҲܸˡ
̫лˣҪ㣬ǻһչûС
ܰﵽҲܸˡ
Ǿ⸱Բ̽ˡ
ϿԣмҪҲһ¡

ϲֳ˸˾ûġ
ţߴһһ壬ˣ·ʱ˽ţһ˶ӣȽϹƧЩϢǿԲο
̫ˣһ¿ĺȣһӡܿôŵ
ţкܶأǵ֣ץס־֪ˡ
DDúãץסԷ
ãҿҪúóһˡ
DDãСѾͷԿҲɡ
ҹˣֳסᣬ̱ܲ춼ոµġ
סһڶһ磬ͺֳǳ緹ֳ˿ȥƾˡǶæ˵ԼһҲ㡣
𩿪ͺֳ͵վóƱֳָһԵʳϳǲ뿪
һԵģҲеڳû£ͳʳķ羰
ϷĶ쵽ľԴ䣬һƬͱĺɪԱȣиζĴѩȻ

92

ϾֱȥԼԺӡ
ʵľϹͷ򿪴ŽȥԺʰɾǰԺļӻǼǰӣԺסˣʰĺܸɾź⣬ܷġ
ԺĲ˵˼ò֪ҲǵĽºĻĵҲΧˣСиʮĶ
ǰתһȦǴĺܺãһжУشס¡
ȥǰԺԼķ俴Ҿߴ̶룬¹±춼Уסˡ
ȥóһЩʳģԼ緹˳Ҳϡ
Ѽ⵰Уʳǰ׷ںԺĳæµӼæ׼ԣŵûˣΪ˸ϽŽԺֻҲţûˡˣˣ˸ϽԺĴܣﻹһЩʳأ
ܵԺͲð̣˵ζҲƮ
ָ磬ͷô͵óԶٷߣ
Ҽһǽȥ
֡
ӺֹҶԸأ
ƣ⼸ôԺﲻŹڳſһŶܾȡ
㰡
ôˣ
ﰡǻΪ
ǻΪˣ
ӣͰʵе㲻˼
أǸϽʰһͿ
Ǵվţ˵ŹȥˣǲŷӦ
û뵽ǰ֪ʲôʱ򵽵ģûٶ͸Žæ
̨ˣ϶˺üˣе⣬ϴǰͰæ
ɣЪᡣ
Уɣˣ˳ͿԿˡ
ӽӹڹ﷭ģģҲ
ʲôʱ򵽵ģ
ϸյ
յ̧ͷ˿񣬽ųˡ
һ˻ģ
ţ⼸ס⡣
˵ס⣬ȸԾϲڹҲ졣
ҶźˣԳˡ
ãʢȥϴְɣ
ȥϴ֣ϴһӺ񣬾˻ͦĬģеģ뷨һҲҶ룬ŷ˵ζͲ֪ȥˣ
һ˳ҲϴˣʵˣҶû
԰ɣҵա
Էɣ
ӷҶԡ
㣬á
ҶûԹôóԵķˣа׷
̫óˣǹҲûԹЩ
˶죬˵ζȷʵǱߴڳԷ߿
óԾͶЩꡣ
ǳԷ;úθڣҲ
ӳԷ˹Ĳ٣ҲԵĽζ
ղ
ãڼҲ
ʶüˣӾүү͵ܵܣû˵ͨ͸ҲӲЩ
ûг˾ټϷ˺óԣӳԣһ׷Եĸɸɾ
ˢϴȻ˸ɣֲԺݲȡ
ԺȲҲһܡ
죿
ǰȥͺãܴɣ
ţ⼸¸㻻˲ٶһῴɣ
ã㻻Ķġ
Ժ󻹻𣿡
㿴кõľͻ
ãΪ˰£
ԣҴǼʮĶˮÿӱߣϱߵĶֹ߶ĳɡ
̫˰ɣ
߻ϾͽˣڲſʼԺеæˣʱͲöˡ
ãġ
ֵĶǺũԺҹģһ򳤴кտҲٲ鷳
ũԺ֪򵥣
ãһտõģľǡ
ţҶġ
ֲ滮ӺͰȥæˣûȥϸڡ
ֱ磬ǻȥһۣȷʵеˡȥǰԺԼóʮͷһˮȥ
ϴһƻԼԣ߳Ա߿׼ָһƻ
򵥳˾Увͷ
ţǾɣ
ã㿴Ű졣
˿ˮͿʼ͵ųԾͺá
һٷ꣬춼͸ˣϽϢˡ
װģĴˮȥԼˣѴ̶̺ãصֱӽ˿ռ䡣
Ȼ˸裬ֱڿռ˯ˣˣϲҪҲû¡
һҲ֪ʲôʱҲûųռ䣬𽣾ͻһ׽󺹣ϴ꣬ųռ䡣
ʱ䣬ϰ˵࣬磬Ͳȥ
ͳˣͷ࣬ȵġҪͣȥϹ䡣

93

ݲݳ緹ͳš
֪ȥĿĵڽϹ䣬·վҲûȥûǸˣҲûȥҶԻĶѾˡ
ڽϱ߱߿ͼǰһûʲô仯
һƬסլǰмŮ裬еﻹŲӲӣΧ￴ţӤĿ
߽˵ʲ
ʲô˼ֱ̫ˣôĺӾﲻˡ
˭˵أ⺢û졣
ܳԶ٣ôľͰģ
ͷɲ˵Щ粻õûӣֻǡ
ۨDD
ӤĿǵ̸ţ׷ʲô¨DDӤ
ǰ񻹵һۼ
ֻǽһ黨ްźӣĽǶȿӣֻܿſССһް䶯վڱϿްдࡣ
ʲôĸĸĶºӲҪǲʲôѵɣǶӵĽڡҲ벻ǻ鶪ӵģ
ǸŮӡ
˾Ųʮ޲ܲҪġ
ҿɣ
мĸŮĲӷһߣǰ²鿴ӣƿް½ǡ
ߺĳΪĸ
ôˣǲ⺢ʲôë
ô£ҿ
Ҳ⺢Ӳʲô
һԴȥΧźӿ
ҲܺСӤʲôĬĬ彡ǧҪǻʲôģǶ̫ˣҲŴսɻûӵӡ
ѽDD⺢ӡ
ߺǧģôİ
ҺǷ֣ҪȻ⺢ӾͲ˵ˡ
Ӳ㿴ͷϻʪģô治˰
ȥӵĸŮްһ㿴˿ȻѺӰñ
ǸŮޣûãӿûʲôë
ûëͺãӹˡ
ôС㣬ôأ
ұȥɣ
Ůȥ鿴ӣߵҲǸƵˣҪӻȥΧļ˶ɫ
ңҪ⺢Ӱ
ţŰɣ˾ԵݣҺĸŮԵ
֡
˵ʲôģޣЩǡ
ңҶˡ
ƤСӣȱŮޣҲϲŮޡ
ңˣ
ˣ˸ޣҶ˸Ů
DDǺðɣ¾˵һ
ãҴȻȥˣȥ˰ɣ
˵ӣźӾͻؼҡ
֪ССĻˣǸ˰ɣϾҪһˡ
űźӵĸŮȥס
̣һ¡
ұŻĺӣͣ½ŲͷɻĿ
С𣿡
ţҸղžӣû˼ٿǮţҲףϣɳףȫҸ
е㷴ӦǮŻع
ⲻʣϡŮޣһԴ㲻øǮ
ҲΪʲôǮţ˵һҲԵǮŰɣ
ûܾĻᣬ˵תߣС
ѨDDûȥҲա
Ǻֺܸܼ򵥵ģȫԼô롣籩꣬춨գϣСŮӤı춼ˡ
ϲûһṦ͹һȦȥ緹ԣյߡ
DD
𩿪ų·ϣҪȥô񣬸⿴
ǰͷӳͷԼ𩣬ˣҲӳ޴ڰ
ôôˣ
סϡ
üͷһá
һôסϣߣȥסĵط
ΣϳȥԼĴԺ
ԶӾ͵ͣóվڴſڿš
ס⣿
ţ
ݼң
ԼԺӡ
Լģûүү˵
үүû
򿪴ŴȥǰԺתһȦԺӺܰȫġ
ԺӲסҵǷġ
ãûʲôĵġ
ǰԺһ裬ģ˱߳Աġ
϶û緹ľŲھͳԣǶˡ
ҺˣҪҾͰһˡ
רҵģ
ţ㻭Ļˣ񡣡
ץˣ
ţسץģ˳
Ǿͺãǡ
Ϲأ͸лѵġ
ֹɣ
DDԽԽˡ
ı˵һУ˵ʲô£
æٻһ񡣡
Ŀ֤ˣ
У
ʲôʱ򣿡
㷽ɣ
緹ߣھߣ
Ǿͳ緹ɣһᣬúܾûķˡ
档
DDģ
Ǿ͸óԵġ
ãߣҸæ
ֵĸȥæ

94

˰æȻǺãæ󷹣ԼöʵǴӿռóһֻһֻѬ졢廨⡢ʮܲײˣó˼ͷ
𩿴һʳ˳Ҳ̫ˡ
ô˳Բꡣ
ĸһԡ
ĸʲôˣôԷ
˽еˣҺʶüˣԺҲǰҴģ˶ġ
ţףû˵
һúü
Ҫ
𩲻֪İ񵱹Ůһ¾Ǹֲġ
ڹһ󷹣һڵ³ˡ
缦ЩȫֻЩʳģ¹ͺá
⣬кõˮͳˮˮٵԳ飬ŵϣˮһǳɣզࡣ
ֵĲóԣĻͦͷһؼôģŻ˵ĺãʲôˡ
ǺǨDDŻô˵𣿡
DD˼һģһ
ûһӵ㣬ֱ
֭յĲ࣬ΡΡžһ顣
Ѭͼ򵥶ˣŹ﷭¾ͺáֳزˣһٷ
˺õ׷Ⱥõͷʳ͵ǻ
˿ζˣ˰ںþͲŵˡ
ӽ𩣬䲻СĪһɣԼ֪ôġ
ӵĸоסԺҲģû˵ʲô˿
ͷ׷УʲôԼá
ԼʢҲԼ֣ӹ׷˳ùһͷԣ죬Ȼ
ҶԣĲ˶յģҲаæ
˵һһͷһ׷سԡ
Ե㣬Ҳһͷųԣͷ׷Ҳζ
ӺʹȻζǰԲ¡
һٷԵ뾻ɣ׷Ҳȫ꣬ͷʣ
극Ϣһᣬ˵һ£ͺȥسˡ
Ա㣬Ÿ迪ͦյġ
⼸˻տסҲġ
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ٹɣ
ߵʱ㣬үү㶫
ãүү߶㡣
DDпȥ˼ҡ
үү϶ܸˣܺúúȼ
ȾƣȾƹ񫡣
үӺ˼ξƣһֱĵƢͶÿκȾƶܸˡ
سǶˣֱӴȥֳ칫ҡ
ֳ͵ˣǽϵļɿ첻١
ˣǳԷûУʳø׼Եġ
ǳԹġ
Թˣǲ˶ٺóԵģ
DDǲˣæʱ͸ǸƻʳôҲӼ֣Ҷˡ
DDǾֳǣ֪϶ˡ
ʱܳԱͲˣƻʳҲǴϲˡ
ǲǹ߰
ţɣ
ǲæߵʱ򲮲ԷԶٺõġ
ǺãҪûʱǷţ´һٳҲһҲһٱٵ¡
DD£æԷʱ仹еģ´λԷͶߵ죬극ϳ
ãǾллˡ
һᣬĿ֤˾͵ˣǸʮСӣе
׼ֽʣеС֤ˣοҪš
лл㣬ܰưܺһ
飬Ҳ
DDлܰﵽͬ־ҲܸˣҨDD
ýţ˵֤ͱʾ㡣
һҿĶ˵ġ
ãϸڶҪŹϸ΢ĶҪԣǺҪ
õģһϸ˵ġ
ͨú꣬һЩϸڵ⣬Ȼʼֽϻͼ
һӹȥһдͳֽϣѻŵǰ
𣿡
ǰĻþòܻʹҶûдϸĿš
ĺϸһ̧ͷֱֱĿ
ǲǼ
ûС
ܿ϶شҲǣҪǼˣԼʲô
֪İ˾Ųʮˣе˼顣
Ǹ˵ľͻ𣿡
ǣҲȫǡ
֪϶ܸӡ
е㡣
񣬺һ
ϸʲôطһģû룬ʲôġ
ֺı߻߿Աһ顣
ûˣͳ
õģллϣ㻹ʲô𣿡
һֹӣ֪ҪԼʲô
ô𣿡
ǻ漰ܶ෽֪ʶṹ˵ΪҪж԰жϵȵȡ
Ѻܸӡ
ֻҪϲǾͲѣȴӹ۲ʼ
Ļ˫۳⣬ż
Ŀԣ
ԣֻҪ롣
ҨDDѧ
ȻѺĥˣϲȥ
Ҳ¡
˫۳ϣû˵ʲôԼĵַһʲôʿԸԼдţԼᾡܵİ

95

ֳıûһʣŻҲеˣ˻Ҳɲ١
ֳˣʱ䲻ˣȥʳ˵һ£רŸһݳǸӲˡ
˼ΣûٰǴæԺ˲֪ʳõĴӲͣҲĸġ
кܶͬ־ûֻ˵ǸǳÿСһֱûһ˵ҪȥʳóԷҿڿഫһ˵ļʣ
˵ʳóԷǲģ
˵ϻȥʳóԷ
֪֪ϺһԷ
˵ˣ뿴ʲô
ƯɰҼ
ʲôôʮ갡
ϴκӳԷģС㡣
ţǺһԷģ
ţôˣ
ûôе㼵㣬Ҷûʲô
DDܺãô˵أĶõһС
ĺ棬񶼲֪űֽϵĻ
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ֳŷӦֲϸоֵֹģԭǹ˶Ӷˣ²оˡ
ߺ˳ԷˣǸϽȥԷ˰ɣ
һ˼һʱ˳ԷǶˡ
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˴ȥʳá
СʳøӸˣ˵𣿡
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ҲÿԷɣ
ֳҴкȥһ߿¡
ֳȥʲôˡ
ȥڿˣͺֳͬĻͬ־
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DDҼٺӣûһб£ֶµģڵĺӶ
ֳ⻰ͬĹƾôһ˾ͲС
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ô˵Լû£бµˣֳ˵⻰Բ
DDвܵ˱Ͼ٣ĸ˵ˣҰģ̫ѹ
DDԶԡ
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DDǾֳס
ҲһЦ⣬ǴȤҲˣСǰһͦõġ
ͺĳʦŲˡ
һնһ̳̲ˡһ̳ܲ˿һĩƬһ̵гǸĶӲͣʳ׷ĸҲأɫ򵥿Ųղ
²ˣ¶ͺֳǺ졣
ɣ
źֳʣЦݡ
DD񣬼˸˰ɣ
DDˣһ¾񡣡
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ʦ߹һЦ
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ããб£ĺû£治ʳõĴڣԺʲôǾԡ
Żôе㲻ԣʲôȥ
һƬǸܵĵ
ãԺ˾ڲ
úèDDǸϽԷҾͲˡ
˵̾ͽܲ

96

԰ɣԵԣԷ϶ˡ
ֳѳֱӷǰʾԡ
ллҲԣҶ԰ɣ
ǺǨDDлҶԡ
һܲ˿Ȼζˬ𣬾̲ͨҲ·򵥵ʳĲ򵥵ζڴչ治
Ժ䷹Ǹ⡣
ֳһֱԼӾûٶǲóԣϲˡǹⲻԼֳҲûٳ
˰ѷ˳ԵĸɸɾҲԵĺ⡣
극춼ˣ϶Ҫҹ
סĵطϴסĵᣬֳ˵סˣʲôʱڡ
ľϢʵǹصƽռˣûôúڿռ侲ĺú֪˶ãоԼΪ־˲٣Ȼˡ
˸Ȫˮ裬Ӳ˿ռһȦѼѼˣˮսɽһгʮһ࣬׼˯
ڶʳó緹ڰӽҪȥ鰸ӣûʱ˵ϣˡ
緹ܻȥ
æɣԼȥ䣬ȥ͡
ⲻУӹҪͻȥҲŷġ
ϽȥæɣֲСӣʲô
ǡ
ˣϽ߰ɣ
ûʱ˵ٳ꣬ﻹʳͳȥæµˡ
񣬵һȥûʲôż°ɣ
ãûʲô£һȥ䣬Լȥͺá
ⲻʡ
ûʲʵģæǵģһչ˺Լ
ԼСİ
ģҲСӡ
DD㲻СӣǴˡ
һ˳ȥسǹһȦȻϣʱǸ÷ûԡ

ˣøϳԷ
Էˡ
һ˽˿
һ˻ģ
ţ£ҾȻˡ
ȳԷɣ֪Ǿ˵㣬Ҫٸġ
ϵһ̲˺һˣһ棬Ҳ򵥳ԵС
ͦõģüûˣô԰ɡ
ǨDD㳢ζô
˵ӸʢһС棬ǰ
ӾͳԣζУȽƽ̲˳Ըպá
ζܺãҲԡ
ûյĺóԡ
ÿյζһյͦá
ŨDD
ӱ࣬û롣еȸԾ˵յĲҲͦˣֻϲ԰ˡ
˳緹ʰȥæˡӽԼһһС
ⶫҽģŲԻ㿴
ӹһһܳϺǰ滹ӣ觡ʯʯ䣬߹
ŴŮԵԽݵλԽߣõıʯԽ˵ʵһݵ
ĳߣĿܵȡֱʯɫܺãŮϲʯΣԼǸ⣬ǰԼҲס
治лл㡣
ãʳġ
ҵʳûҲá
ţ
ǺǨDD㻹治ǫ顣
㲻ǫ顣
ŨDD˾ͺá
òԭһսռ䡣
һ㲻ùܡ
ãҾ͵ųԾͺá
ţȹȥˡ
æɣ
ҲˣȥǰԺԼŹغãֱӽռ䡣
ȥȥѶźãȻֱӴоܺãΪܿ죬Ŭܷܲ㡣ȻѣҪԡ
Ŀ٣˺˸裬ڿռ˼ȪˮúˮժһЩԼ˴롣ѡӣӦˮûóֻһЩƻӳǡ
ӿռĵˣǻûȥó⡢һһѼΪʳġ
ӷˣͲˣҳһѳͷǰԺ԰ұ߿Լӽǽ˼ù𻨣󿪻⸽ŵζҹôͦࡣǽ˼ʯһЩӣӻҶУļ棬ԵͻأִһЩٻ磬ߵʱӣĸģ֡
԰ﱾͺܶ໨ݣòݵʵûӣڻ԰ôҪеڵģ
ӻѸֵĶֺˣðԼĹ滮һ𽻸ϡ
İÿطϼǺãýԼźãͽ׼
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⡢͵뿴˰ɣ
ţ
һ㻹ڱա
ôԣ
ôУ㿴ɣ
գDDͳײ˰ɣҲᡣ
ǺǺǨDD㲻ģУɣ

97

ĺҾͲᡣ
ҪԵĻʱҽ㡣
á
ŲȥһţɺһڷԱ߳Ա߿Ե̣ζ
һ˿飬һ¾õĸо
˿յҲţɽţ׷ɢŵ㣬ŲƮ
ӺͰҲˡ
㣬϶
ſڴ˴ǽͿڳ˵ϴеΡ
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ûմǣæųˡ
Ϣ׵ֹ
˵꣬ûʲôӣԼЦˡ
ǺǺǨDDָͦͻݵģϵµó
DDǣָʲôᡣ
ٺٺ٨DDҸ
Ĵָһݡ
ָ磬ʲôõĳԵģ㡱
ȥǼϴˡ
õģ
ӰѰײϴˡ
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ʢ
õģ磬
æЦÿ
һͿ㡢Ƭײˡһ
һߣӾ͸һС׷
԰ɣζô
ȳһں㣬ζ̵ãռֻҪģնóԡ
ζܺãҲ
ԼҲһڣζеϵĺá
ǲյĲһ㡣
óԣԽԽˡ
óԣóԡ
̫óˡ
ջܼҳ
˵СӣӣǼӣһ׷һ㶼ûʣ˾͸˵ˡ
ûʲô£ȥǰԺԼſ飬Ƕ˯˾ͽռ
ӿ壬ĸоı仯иΪҲȻֻһ㣬֪ˣΪжԼףҲΪʲôǿԭ̫ˣ졣
˸裬ԼƤ֮ǰҪۣˮ׾ۡҲĺܺãŮԵҲʼ¶ֻƽʱ·ȽϿʣԿ
Լֻܴʱ䣬ôҲҪشһˣôҪȥҲúүӽ
ڿռ׼һЩĵģûȥˡ
һ¹磬ߵʱ֣ǿռȪˮŵģ֤ɻܹҹ
ֲ鿴һȦŷĳռ˯
ڶˣʰöȥ￴ңԭΪǻûճžԺĶӹˣŰΪҪߡ
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˿Ǹӳǵĵģ࣬Ǹ⡣
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Ҫûʲô¾ͻԣȳ԰ɣһµ飬û׼סڼ
á
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ڳߣϳ·һ˶ûֱû뵽һĻ
һ·ﳵڴڵֱ˵˵Ǵڣʵһҵľ룬ҪҲﳳܣּ˵¡
ҨDDһȢġ
˵ЩҲ޸㵱ӡ
ɻһϺӵġ
ӣߣ㣿
ҨDDǶˣһ˵
㲻κˣҳҪ뿪ģҲһ𡣡
޶ˣ㡭
ˣñ˵
Ŷ񣬿˵ʹˡ
ˣҡҶ֪ǡ
ǸŮǰˡ
Ůӣǰ졭Ȼ뵽ǰŮӤôɰɣ뺢ӵʱֻһްţ˾Ųʮˡ
ҪĶδӣѺҲܸ߿һۣ˵Ӿ͸һһᷳʵڿɺޣ
ôܡǵĺӡ
ñẢӣڻ֪ǻأ
㡭ôҶ㲻ʲôҶ취ŪȱԺȣ㻹Ҫ
Ժȣ⻹Һãһس﹤ס¥𣿡
ҡҡһúŬġ
ŬŬǸһֵصԺҵʶҲ˵л
лҪ
ǣԺҲʶ㣬Һܿͻسˡ
ãȷģⱲӶٺҪ֮أȥĺӰɣ
ȨDDԪĶӣҲԼø磬Ϲ˿ô⡣

仰˵ûеûҲ
ܸң
֪ҰˣDDˡ
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㡭
Ǯ㣬Ȼһֱû㣬ôҲҲйӣ㡭
ûˣȷʵܣزҲˣҲˣΪûһҡ

98

߰ɣ
߾ߣԺҡ
ŽŲл֣ŴȥվڰȻᷢ֡
ⱻӶȥ㡣
ųҲڶԼɣ
֣߳ŴӵһȥӰǷϡ
лŮˣעҪԸͷͷʹһӵġ
϶ǰϵŮӤлȵŮҲڶߺӵĸŮ˺ܲӸ¶ҲȸĸĸǿΪĸĴۣܰҲδӣҲ費ҪĺӣǱŰĺӡ
һҲǹƽġ
²һǺ£ҲȫȻǻ¡
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Ҳﳵ壬컹磬һ·Ҳûһˡ
Կ״򿪴ţԺӻǺߵʱһɾӳоɨүӺԼķ͸͸Ȼȥ׼յˮȡ
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ллˣпȥ氡
õģ󲮣ߡ
ӳΪ»𳵲ŵңҲ͡
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ǰһͷ¹үӶζüûˣȥɽܲһͷùꡣռҲвٻ¹ɳе᲻ãռ¹׵ЧرãǶһЩʱ䡣
˵ɾ͸ɣﻻһ·Ժãű¨ĵصķߡ
ɽûֱͣɽȥϴη¹ȺĴɽһ·ɽɽҲֻ΢΢оܺá
Ҳż߱߿Ųҩôɽͷϴ¹ĵط˸εĵطϢ
ӿռóһˮţϸĶ
ִӿռͳһˮͿУ߳Ա߹۲죬ܱҲûж㼣һȥתת
ţǰи⬳Žϻżšͣ³ԵĶűͣ£档
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϶ŵ˿ռζﻹʣ֮һǰֻֻǰצӱžͿУûһԵʣҲǸԻ
Եϵëʪģ񿴣һԵı顣
ܸԣҲżģʱΣգ̰ţ

99

Ŵɽȥһֱٽȥûᣬͺú̽һ¡
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ľïܣеĵط̧ͷ춼ɼһ治׾·
ֱֱȥһ·ϲ˲ϡҩġͣͣǰһþ޴ɷǳ׳ֱңĿǰľ
Ϣһᣬ̧ͷ͸֦϶գҶסʲôҲû˺öھϵƤʯҺܶ࣬֦кü׳˳ɴϸ淢ֲˣֲҲ֪αװԼ
ļԶ޶С÷ֳҲ˼ԡռҲвʯҩЧҲһ㣬ײɣڿռúЩϵûȥүݲȣСĿڿռ䣬ϾִҰĿ
ĲһЩߴûһЩʯиʮջСսռ䣬ߡ
һᣬоǰжԾԱߵĴϵš
ӣԽԽüͷе˵ĽŲ
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ϸŲֹһˣỺûï֦ܵڵͿˣΪߵˡ
ŲԽԽ˴ߣȷе˵ĸ
ǰһǹڿ·м˱ϻһˣɨβ˱ϱŰǹ߱߾档ǵĴŴһû𣬿õĶɲһ㣬ǹڻ˵ôû
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濴ǵĳ࣬˵һ
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ʤ˵žͶ¡ۡޣ޵ᡣ
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󡭡硭硭ˣˣ
ҲȻҲˣֻǱʤ򶨲١ֻǹʱ׼ţֻǺܵôϵ

100

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š
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ϻ˻Σʾӹȥ

סˣҪǶûܻţ㡣
ģǶúûš
DDá
һϿôı飬գЦǺҫۡ
ʹסѰϵΰǰָι˼ڿռȪˮŷġ
о˳ǵķǡ
˸ˣǶء
ŨDD
֪ˣغˡ
Сĵ㡣
ûһͿǶİˣǴͳһĺ·Ƚǿ
Ծ֣ĸ˴һ
ȲҪǹֿûźš
У̫Σˡ
ǺãõͷԣΣˣԡ
ģǼһǸϽغãźš
˵Ҳû˵ĻᣬһԾˡ
Żһ˸ɵĵۡ
ˣȲڶߣʤߣȥߡ
˵ž򱱱ߴȥ¾ͲؽݴԣӰ
ߣҲ
ϴʤҲֿصĺܺá
ԽԽİˣǳǰźмɣ֪ǲһˣѵصľˡʱǻڻҡУɼų̶ȣ
Ȼ˾Ͷ°ɣɭȱʡ
׼ͷӣǰ˾Ų̧ĽŻûµʮϢĵء
ûκͿǰ˵زҲǰ鿴ԭؽ䱸ĴȥҲûʲôվ
һվˣСǰͷֻ֣ûջȥ͵ء
شҿˣǼDD˳
˾ôĵ˼£Ƕſڲݴﲻðͷ
ǻûŪǴģֻſڵǰ
ϿǣҲż뿴ǽô档
ſڲݴҲûе塣ѵЩ˹ˣ
ſŲš
ǰſһΣûʲô춯ұߵһûʲôΣգվ˵Ҳ¡
˵ˣʣµ˸еֻš˭Ҳðͷ³Ϊĸµġ
һʱǾſԭزҲУﻹţɽƣſڵϵļҲż
Ҫǰ
ôˣǡ
ͷѵζǳֻǿθСˡ
еſסˣǿʼǰһֱмǰ棬ܻˣ˸ļͷ׼һȥԭءߵ˿ֻſԭس鴤ſڵϲҶҲҿ
ǾţǼʶһ£
ȷʵǸС壬Żڵµûһưһĳ鴤
ʣµȷʵܣգۼһ˾ô£µǶ֪ġϢǣᵹǹԶˣԭض

101

ǹˣеȤ
ţɣóȪˮһŽô棿
ĸʰҲ£̫ʹҲû˼úú롣
ڣɿˣ˰ҲûϵҲûκźţǲ֪ô£Ҳʣôſڲݴ˯ˡ
ʤӲĵطݶڰڶˣǰĵ˵ȻҲˡ
ʤԽǵһˣǹ׼ʤӷҲԼļ׼ֻûü۰ſ²ˡ
Աſŵæ˻ȥĻᣬһȥͰſұ߻˹ԹԵûûˣſǰ˾һ˴󾪣æˣҪߣ񲻽Ĵ˸˰֧ûж˷һ֧
ſŵ˾ͻˣ׷׸֣ʾϽſ£ǣӲݴʹ־Ҫſ¡
ѣ˦˦֣ͳһţ
˫ϬĶǰʤӸһèܹ
֣ᱻͷġ
ͷɣ
˫۸
Ц
ûǿЦ˸˶أ
˵Ϲ
ʤһСӵͦɰ
˵ϹǶˣǰݴأ
񣬼Ц
ô£
Ҹɵġ
ôģ

˻Ρ
èDDüģˣ
ü˸˶ǣȥɣ
ôô˵ôôأ
ôôҰ裬ǰôҲû취
ʼ磬һҲû취ı飬ϴЦˡ
DDС˼Ǹбµġ
ǺǨDDˡ
˶ˣ
ţǹȥ
˵ͷŲݴȥһԵǰһѣԼǰ档
ݴŰ϶м˻šȷ꣬𺳲ѣû뵽ļôֲһԡ
ǽΣգɫȸղŻͲ١
лл㣬Ҫĸ˾Ͳ˵ˡ
ÿû¾ͺá
˵ûлҪֵܾͽˣҴֵлл
ãҲǸˣҲԵ
ԶԶԣԵҽͬǴ磬ĺǼˡ
ϴȻǴ磬ȽͣҲȤ
ҽ֣ʤʤӾͺã˿ãллľ֮Ϊҡ
ǧҪһС
DD
ϴЦǰϣᶼˣԽǿԽϡ
ǺǨDDĻᰡҾ͹һ¶ˣǺǨDD
ͣˡ
ллǳȥһ͸ö
ִŸԼͶִ֪֣Ҳû
ãȥҵĺö
úãģʤ˵㻰һ쵽
ϹϵЦݣǶôشٵ¡
ȻһֱûڣҲǱʤӸȾ鿴
߹Ŀ˿
лл㣡
ÿ
ΩϣDDҵ֡
DDҵ֡
һá
ʤϿޣһ棬ûһܡ
ǺǨDDлл佲Ҳܺá
ٺ٨DDҲͦãǱ˵㡣
ǺǺǨDDдޡ
ԣô˼Ļ
Ц䣬ͷְһơ
žDD
ߺDD磬ôִң
СӣԼоͦðȥɻǸϽ뿪˵
æЩϵĶҲûš
ŵˣһ˵ʹʳһЩһʾʳˡ
Щ˻ǵľˣ֪ԶԶûô򵥣ܻвɸ˵ܡ
ʳԼҪĴ𰸣ûôȥֱû˶
˵Ȼ˾Ͷ£ЩݰҲҪϣҲҪƻʳҲ˽ס
ϴҲû˵ʤһͬĿ񣬾˵رԡ
߰ɣȳȥ˵
ǰͷߣʤӱϵϴţϺȻȫϰ߰ɣ
߳ʮףźݴԵһСҩ裬ǰߡ
ӵʲô
ö
ǺǨDDʲôö
㲻Ҫ֪ĺá
߳ûԶҰ޵Ŀ˻ͷһݴкüֻһﳯʬ񱼶ȥԼҧͷ
ǰͷûǰߣһ£һͷٿϽȥ

102

һΣ׷ǰ񣬺С
ղǲʳʲôˣ
أ
УǴ¡
Ǵ¡
㡭
Ҳ֪Ҫʲô˵һס졣
£ûȷ֮ǰȻ˵޹Σֻܴܴ⡣
˶û̸⣬һ·߳ɽɽΧ߲ˡ
ʤӣϴűɽ·֪
ߺDD˲ˣϢһ¡
źãֱֱڵϡ
ɽˣܰȫҲϢһ¡
ϴҲãһ·׷ϣ֪ûû˯ˡ
ãϢһߡ
ţ
Աߵʯͷϣӿͷһһ
Ե㶫Ӱɣ
˵ãһ˵ӽϴΣʤЦԡ
ٺ٨DDһ˵ҲžöӶˣ˵Ƕûιˡ
ҲȽӹͷھͳԡ
硢硢Ҳԣ˺ãǲܺ
߳Ա߿ڳݲ˵ţûԼˣҲûˡ
DDǾллˡ
ϴҲӹȥӶû취Ҳ˲ÿ
һͷûнӡ
԰ɣҲ
˵ŶӾ͡УһеĲĶӡ
ͷһ
һУ԰ɣ
Ҳͷҧųԡ
һͷ¶ǣ١
ԱãҪиط˯һǡ
СĴǽôߣ
ȳɽҸط˵
УȥȳȥҸڷĵطֵܺú˯һ˵
ȷʵǱȻ֪ǵݣԿ϶ǻˣȥ
ȥҲãһ߰ɣ
ٺ٨DDãҸߡ
̶̰ʱ䣬ʤӶޱΣ˵ʲôʲôúãȻүеơ
žDDʲôãǼôٺ˼
磬ʲôԼˣҾú˼
DDԣ˼һ߾С
DDǾ鷳ˡ
ǺǨDD鷳Լˡ
ԣǾԼˡ
ʤһǳͬ˵
ˣ᲻᲻㣿
ڣ֪Ĺǣ޷ǵļ˲ͬ⣬Ҳû͡
õģ߾ͺá
ãлл
ţʱ߰ɣɽв·
Ǵ·˻űһСʱ߳ɽ˳ŻĵֱӴǻؼҡ
վҴſڣҴ˲ˡ
ɿϹҵͷԿ׿ţɿ첻١
Ҵ˶ڼң
š
򿪴ţǽԺӾͰѴŹϣˣ˿ǻ᲻˵ġ
һյ᷿Ҿߴ̶Уһֱûסˡ
סɣڻһţǿסһ䡣
鷳ò˼
סһͺã鷳
鷳ⴲĸôסӶţϺ˯
Լ䣬ɾľɱǣԼ̡
ݺˮϴϴȥ
ãлл
ãлл㣡˯þˣ
ʤӱ̴̱߿ûԼˡ
ǺǨDDҲöԲĿ佲ȥˣ̰ɣ
ٺ٨DDæȥæ
ãϴɾ
ȥʤ̺ộȰٺ˾ȥ˵ĳȥϴԼ˵ˡ
ϴãһߵë֪׼ģɾëӸʤӡ
ȥһ£ȥæ
ࡣ
࣬úò
˦˦֣Լųȥ
ڶˣ򵥳Գԣ˵
ˮſռóˣڰ⣬棬Ҳů͡
ſڽˣΪʤӣͷҲû̧ʡ
ϴɾ˾ͰҰĲϴˣˮ쿪ˡ
á
ԣ̧ͷһϵնϴɾ˶ˡ
û뵽ͦףһ˰ײ٣࿴Ҳϸ¡
ܸߣܹǸУþµüûһ˿ŮӲǷûбı飬ϴˣⴽŮ˻ԸУһװҵߣмֹŷиС
ۣΪʲô¡
£
ûУе⣡
ʲô
㡣
һϴҲѡ
ǺǨDD㾹ȻǸ˧硣
˧磿
ӡ
һۣͷϴˣе죬ѵǺˣ벻ܣǹôẦߣͽԼ⡣
ΩϣȷʵǺˣСܶ˾Ϳĺÿɻû˵ǡӡе㲻˼

103

Ѳϴ˼飬һߣ⣬ֽӹĲ˵

õطԼһѲ˵ˡ
кãˮҲˣæҿǣ׼ůˮ
кΩϣڵĴϽȥæ
ࡪ
ӹȥůѿˮװʼ⡣⳴ʢֳһ̼ϣѿˮȥ¹档ã˵보õ⣬Ȼζζͺˡ
ϴʤ˽һ̻ƲӲӵĳһ̲˿һڵ͵˺Ͳ˿⿴ž㡣
ûٶ֣ʢ֪꣬Ϊأ
Žˣк£ԼҲ׼Է
򵥵԰ɣÿ
򵥣һ㶼򵥣еǰ̫ˣž㣬鷳񡣡
ϴͿģҲϡ
ÿˣȳ԰ɣ
ٺ٨DDǺãأȳԡ
ʤӾԼʢһ룬Ӿͳԡ
ŨDD̫óˣ˺ñ´Ҳá
棬佱
óԾͶԵ㣬滹кܶࡣ
ŨDD̫óˣҪ롣
ûżʢʢ˲һǰ
ԡ
Լʢһ룬ҲӾͳԡ
ϴҲûп
ǰ棬кܶ˿ġ
лл
ҲӾͳԣ˵ʵǶˣֻ˺Щ
˳Եĺܿ죬ûԼڣʤӾʢڶˡΩϣԵҲܿ죬ÿ˳ĺÿʲôĿ
һ뷹ʣµȫˢϴҲûʲô¡
ȥԵιһҩ裬ڶҧ˿ڴҩ
û¸ɣȥ˯һ
ҸιҩˣϾûȥϢˣҲȥ˯һɣ
ֵлл㡣
ллˣǴˡ
ãȥɣ
Ωϣѳϸʰһﵹˮˮȥϴ˸ȥ˯
ֱӽռҲϴ˸裬һЩռȪˮų˯
˯һ춼ˣŽͲˣûǵԼԷ
ԷҲˣ
𴲣ȥ׼ϳЩʲô
յſڣͿΩϣæвˣҲðĻе㲻ڡ
˯Ҿˡ
㻹ͦڿ죡ʲôԣ
Щˣࡣ
ûˣûڼҹûʲôʳģҲӿռó˺ͼһףΩϣˣû
ҲǽϲŻؼңûʲôʳѼˣﻹϴͷ⣬˳ԡ
԰ɣ͹ˡ
Ҳ뿪žͻˡ
ȥԼȥȥӿռóһ⣬ͷʮóһײ˱ȥ
ΩϣһѵĶϽǰӹü⣬һߡ
ǳ԰ɣ
ϳ԰ɣ뿪ûԡ
һˣ
ŨDD
DD뿪ȥҪᣬûб˼ҡ
֪ȥسǣܾͻؾˡ
ؾھ
ھѧҲھϼңλ¡
ŨDDؾ
ԣ£
Ҳؾ
ɡ
ţʱһ߰ɣһŮӲȫ
ǺǺǨDDãȰ°꣬пܻᵢһ졣
һ߰ɣ
èDD
֪ûбˣΩϣҲûٹǣϴϴˣײҲһ롣һͼϳԣǵĺܵϸġ
ܷʢ顢ˡײ˳⡢̲˿ʳǴͷͰࡣ
ʤӺϴˡ
ϵĺò˰ͷǾ;öӶûš
̫ˣô⣬ڶòˡ
òаôҶ˼
ٺ٨DDﲻҲá
һЦм˵ĸо
Ʒˣ⡭
ûʲôžǿͣԵļ򵥣ϸǲϡ
ˡ
ǺǺǨDDҵǲ࣬ϴյġ
DDDDû˰
ΩϣҲû⣬һνı顣
ġ
ȻˣͿɣǵ𣿡
ûУҸճˡ
ϴеֵܲҲġ
ǸЩԵģһѡ
ģһѣ
˵һǾû
ʵھסջǾͿԡ
ʤӱ߳Ա߿϶˵ʲôԡ

104

ڳԷԺģûעиӰŲ
Ӱʱ֪ˣûӰǸѹ
ŲſڣĿûŷſվſڵˣиƫݣ׾˹ģмֲ࣬ý
ſϣϢҲ
ΩϣûӿſڣҲȥһӰû˭վſȥ
ǣˣ
硣
ϴʤҲ¿ӸϽΧȥ
Сˣ˵׼
ˣ˾ͺã³Է
ǣŽǰʤӸϽʢһ࣬ѿӺһͷ
Щ㶼ûˣǺˣͰͷǳԡ
ͷû̧ͷɨһۣ˿
Ωϣܿ뷨һͰ£
ĳԣܰȫǡ
⻰ϸĴһ顣
лл
ѣе㰵ƣͳ
ÿȳԷɣ
ԶԣȳԷҺ˵ǿɺˣԼ㲻ҪȻġ
ԣǸ缸ôҶüš
ٺ٨DDģʤӵһǵá
ллҲģ֮ǲ
ͷ£ܸѹе㲻ѡ
ȳԷ
Ωϣٴ˵ҧһͷ˼ֺһ࣬ʳζˣԷٶҲ
Ե٣ʣµĶ˵Ķӡ
ϴʤˢϴ룬Ωϣһ߿ָĲָһҩ衣
ҩһˣʹˣܻЩƣ룬עϢͺá
ӹҩ裬ˮͳ£˹ĵֱ졣
鷳ˡ
ÿ
ʰ׵ﻹ
лҪϴЩˮ
ٺ٨DDҪϴһˣҾԼˣϴ𣿡
ϴϴɣϺ˯
Ωϣϴʤ˯ʱûҵ̸ǣ¸ŪˣϾͲܽˡ
ϴˡ
ûʲô£ʹԼ䡣
ϴϢȻˡ
ͳߵԼſڣͱΩϣס
㡭һ¡
վ̨ϣǰˣ֪ʲô¡
ʲô£
ǲ˽飿
ʲô뷨
ҿṩ²򵥡
֪췽һȥ𣿡
Ȼ֪ʲôݣЩҪ˵
ȥ
ԣҸһȥ
ãһߡ
š
ϢˣҲ˯
á
ݹţĥһŹصƣȻֱӽ˿ռ䡣
˯þãûһ˯⣬Ծڿռ
Ҳ֪ʲôʱ䣬ڿռ˸裬ҪõĶ׼ãųռ˯
ڶϣͱš֨֨ˡ
һ࣬滹һƬڣΪϲҲûܾͽ˯
˯һ춯ˣҲµ˭е˯ȥˣɴ𴲣ʰóһȻ
Ωϣе㲻˼Сɻǳˡ
Բ𣬳ˣ
û£ôô磿
ߺãʡ˿˵л
ǺǺǨDDϸġ
ϰˡ
ѰײϴɾɢﻹˮҲ֪ʲôԣ
ʲôԣ
̧ͷĿһۣȻֽŴ򼦵
ʲô
ͳ𴲵ԭˣʺϵҹˣǿ˵ĽĿ֣Щ벻˿϶
һе⣬һ¡
ʲôУҲʳﻹͷ㿴ͺá
ǾͺɣٰѰײ˺ͼˡ
ã鷳ˡ
û£ˮȥϴɣ
á
ҨһЩˮȥϴˣųֳɾС
ϴȥԼӿռóͷþûѼˣһһһͷࡣ
ͷѼȥ඼ˣһڹҲ˻Ωϣ׼ˡ
ģȰѰײ˵﷭רע˵رǰûʲôھ⻰е
ײ˺ۣ¾ͳȻ͵ͳҲûţѼһ룬˲ĵ;ֱˮ
ΩϣѲ˶һ͵Ѽе⣬ѼԹôõ͵ǵһγԣĿž㡣
Լģ
Ѽ˵ǣһͷѼţͲ򣬸˵͵ˡ
˵Ѽ磬ǰҲͺƤϡ
ţԼġ
źܺá
Ǻܺóԣͷ㡣
һ᳢
Ѳ˵Ͱʰãȥ𴲡

105

񿴹ˣͰĲˣú꣬Ωϣͽˡ˯ʵʤӺ׼ʢ࣬ͽӹӡ
̣
õطȥõš
緹ˣ硣
ıһ㡣
緹ģ
š
ٺ٨DD磬ͻݡ
ǺǺǨDDǺͻݣԺиˡ
ţҲá
ȥϴ
ΩϣʤһۣԹס죬Աߵߡ
ԣߣȥϴ
֣ϴˡ
ϴһ飬Ժü춼ûϴϴһôˣ
Ҳϴһ飬ſ
㲻ϴҰ㣬Ҳ
ȻͦаģоԼˣϽס
ΩϣʢһȻԼҲʢһ롣
ǰ࣬ϲȵϡ࣬٣ͷʱ䣬˾ͿԼϲãĹ۲
ȳԡ
ȵǰɣ
ãϴûʱǡ
˵ž͸һͷԼҲһҧһڡָԼһ˰ѼѼĨͷϣҧһڣһ㣬еǿ˵Ĵ
Ų˵ѼҲûͿԣ˵ͷѼԣζû˵
һѼеδûٶģȥһų
㣬ϲͶԸ
԰ɣҳԲˡ
һ͹ˣ̫ͷ֡
ӹѼɨһۣûͷûβ˦һ仰
֡
û⣬ôһ˵һֲֵûⰮá
ʤӡϴҲ̽ȥԼʢ࣬ȻͷѼԡ
ҵķ˾ǺóԣѼҲ̫ˣ㿴͡
ѼǲһûԹôõĶ治ֵлл񡣡
ܺóԣˡ
ϲͶԵ㡣緹ϴģҲǳ԰׷ġ
DDӣҲ
ȳȥʰǰķɫгӿռóгүӵһﳵȥϣ㡣
ʰˣΩϣʤӱǵıҲˡ
㡣
ɣ
ǽԼΩϣſ㶣͸Žȥ
򵥴󷽣ʰĺܸɾһɵ㡣
ܱϵӰʾ档
Ωϣ˲䣬ŵ˺һζϵĸˡ
ӦԼʲôѱ£ϽԼĲȻ
ʤҲѻﱧı档
𣿡
ȷɣпʰ
ΩϣʲôҲû˵תͳȥ
Ȼﳵ߰ɣ
г

Ҿ˵ﲻһˣ㶼г
DDг˲𣿡
ǰһûأ
ǺǺǨDDеġ
ٺ٨DDҲԼеġ
ʤӺЦһᶨ
һȿżΩϣתͷ˿ķɫг
ģȥơ
ڸүү䡣
ȥүӷ䣬ĺɫгүӵľɳ
гĸġ
ȫµģﶼ𣿡
ɵүүģµġ
֪϶ְֵİɣ
ŨDDǡ
ְʡû
Ҳû˵ʲô֪ûж⡣
ԱߵΩϣое㲻һҲ˵ĲһҲûʡ
гȥϴҲʰˣҪˣݰԼķг
ѳƵſڣһ˫ִӹȥֱȥ
˿ΩϣıӰҡҡͷеŴãһ飬ԼĿƳȥϴžͳ
̫磬ûӳǴк
гһ·ϳ
һȽɣΩϣʤӴϴ
ʤͲȽŵţ¾׷񣬺ΩϣһһҸ档
ȥ
ȥгкȵĵط
гкȺð
ҰǸˣ
ٺ٨DDģǺˣˡ
ôһ˵˼ˡ
ٺ٨DDģ˵˭ҪǰҪǴﻹࡣ
úﳵ˭Ĵɵùˡ
ǺǺǨDDʤҪǴͻݡ
DD⵹ǡ
ϴЦгζʤҡҡλΡ
磬ñҶ
DDС⼼

106

ʤҪǴ֪˭Ҫꣿ
ҿġ


ȣΩϣﳵȵ١
˳֣һ·Ŵ
ֱӴȥԼĴԺ
ſ³ƴŴţסںԺδļ㷭ǽȥš
˫ָǽ㷭ȥ
á
񣬴緭˼ҵǽ̫á
Ҫ
һԼԼʲô캦¡
Ωϣʯǽϰ۵˫֣ü
Ҫȥ
ŨDD
Ҫʲô
ʲôȥŴ򿪡
û˵˫ǽϽһţ˾ͷǽͷء
Ȼû˶ܸǽĺص
žһǡ
Ǻǡˣ
ʲôˣ緭ǽҪʲô
š
˵ʲô
š
ǽֱ׳Ͳȥ
ʤӺϴˡ
ʤͣóǽҪȥæס
Ͻߣҽȥ硣
ǽţˣľ
ҽԼһʲô
ԨDDﲻ£ȶ
ûص㣬ο
˵ң
ң
ˡ
ΩϣĽŲžӵĺǳ
ס֣š
ǴԼҸƵġ
ӣš
񣿡
ţŰɣ
۵Ŵߴ򿪣ӿ𴲣ͷģ·Ҳϡ
˿ˣлͷ˿Ωϣ
ʶ
ʶ
ѴŴ򿪣Ƴһг
ʤӰųҲں棬߱ߴԺӡ
ҲҲң
ţѳƺԺͺá
ԺƯҲá
ϴҲ⾫µԺӺĽԺʰĺܺãϷĶ첻̫䣬ԺȻ
ʯСֱȥ˺Ժ
ΩϣҲ߱߹۲ԺӣǰԺĻ԰һͻ˲˼ľ޼ĺƯܶƷûֵҲܽһۣ˼
˵ԺͣóͱӴСǰԺͼ򵥲٣ҲǽǵС԰һЩݺͼĸɾࡣ
ӳȥһٽʹ룬һˮͼӡ
Ⱥȵ裬緹һͺá
ǳԹ緹ˣǼľС
豭һڣ˵
ôм£
е㡣
Ҫæ𣿡
Ŀǰá
ţ¾˵
ϴʤӺŲ裬ֻΩϣ˵ӡ
Ӻһڲ裬±ӣ
ʲôʱߣ
һߡ
ֺһ裬±ӣվѰϡ
ߣǾš
תָϴ˵
ţǻ˵
Ωϣͳš
һ·վȥֱ˳վгҪˣҲûϳ
Ωϣ֪ʲôҲûڱĵȴ
ԭΩϣȥسͺֳģϸòʣҪȥǲڣ˰һˡȥسǣΩϣȥʵ֡
˵ʱʵָտţ͸ֳ칫Ҵ˸绰һû˽ӣǿȥʳóԷˣ͵˼ӡٴδȥ绰ͨˣӵ绰Ǻֳ
ιDDλ
ֳϤưڳԶ
ҨDD񡣡
DD񰡣ôô磿ǲҲм£
ǣش顣
ô˵绰Ĭһᡣ
õģ֪ˣ˵ɣ
ŨDD㿴пһˣǼ˵
ã񣬲лл㣬һҰһ£͹ȥ
õģæҾȹˡ
ãټ
ټ
һͨ绰泩٣תͿΩϣԼ
ôˣ
ҡҡͷ
¾˵
ôˣ
ŨDD˹
Ǻ죿
ŨDDǳҪģǿɿˡ
ŨDD
ǮʹΩϣߣҲû˵ôһǰһš
Ȼǰ˽ŲΩϣͣҲ죬ҪҪײ
ôˣ
ǰҷ˳ſȥͼһʮӺһʮҵŮһߣӦ˵Ů˽ˣ߱˵ŻŮһֺõ˵ʲôЦʮִۡ
ʶ
˲Զлһۣûᡣ
ǰɣǴ֪ࡣ
еĿɲ񣿡
еҲʶ
˵žͺлˡ

107

һɶле㾪ȣһڡ
ȻһĴΩϣɫ˼䡣
Խǰߣ㲻죬˸û˵Ҳ˵ʲô
Ωϣû߼ͱסˡ
񣬵һ¡
ΪԼʲô˵ǰߣû
վס
Ȼûһ˵˼
飬ţ˼׷ľҪĸ첲˺һ㿪ֿۡ
£
û˼ܲͷ
ҽû𣿡
ˣôˣ
㡭
ûҾˡ
תҪߣе㼱ˡ
Ҫسˡ
֪Լ˵ʲô˼ĺԼҲûϵҲ
лûе㲻ƽ⡣
Ҫ﹤ˣҲôطˡ
˵һ԰ڣ񶼲֪ԼΪʲôҪͣº˷ʱ䡣
뿪Ҿͷˡ
Ƕû뵽ܻ
ʵȾǴĻ
ںĻ첱Ӵ֣Ŀ
سҸҽԺúÿӡ
˵תߣŲ졣
Ωϣ治ѣû뵽һ档
ˣ·Ӧ˼лҪıӰ
ûһöҸʲô˲ģ
һվһе㲻ͷüͷл
ҪҪߣ߾ͻȥ
л⻰һʲô˲ãתһЦ⡣
ߣھߡ
һֺãе㲻飬ûס
귢ˣ
Ͻ߰ɣҪϲˡ
úèDD
귢ûлشվ첽ȥлںš
Ϊ뿪ũ壬ԼһӾôϣ֪Ժ᲻ڽѡ
елˣΪ˻سǾͰԼһôͣڵһ졣һͲʲô˼ֱˣô䣬ûźýΪǱĺӽ
Ωϣ鲻Ȼġ
ͦã
ǲ
Ϊ˵䣿
ǣ㲻
ûΩϣ˵Ӥ£ֽһ䡣
Ϊ˻سǲֶΣҶ뵽ԺʲôӣǲǺ˼
ԼС
ǰճŮܶ
˵ʵڲ֪ô˵ˣҲ˵
Ωϣʶ㣬ʲôﶼʶлŮܲܣ˵ˣҲûȤʡ
һ·Ժȥ˭Ҳû˵
ȥڳ緹ϴһߺȲ衣
ΩϣеԾ
ôˣ
ϴ²豭Ωϣ
ϴΩϣƺе뷨ǲǵϵ˰ɣ⻰Ȼλεʣ˿񣬼ںȲ裬ûһ
ǨDD
ȲĿյ̧ͷһۡ
˵
Ҳûʲôںȹ࣬ߡ
ţҾȥæˡ
ֵܣܸȥ𣿡
ʤе˽Уȥ
߰߰ɣһȥ
ϴҲվȥ
ҪҪһȥ
ΩϣźȲûͽ
ȥɣ
֮ǲȥźȲ衣
ϴϰƢԣֲ֡
ͣ½Ųͷһۣɨ˺Ȳһ̧Ⱦͳȥ
˶ȥгֻΩϣ˺һ裬Ωϣˮݲ裬ҪȡźȲ裬Ҳû˵еŤ׼Լ䡣
ţȻǰԺϢкöշ䣬ԽȥϢ
ŨDD
û衢Ȳ裬ͦڡ
ȥǰԺԼغŴͽ˿ռ䡣
Ҳ֪ʲôʱˣڿռ£֪ΪôҪֻԼǿܲκвҲǱ֤Լͼѵ
ڿռΩϣҲûţͣѲ߶ϴɾҳһѼǰԺĻ԰ݡ˵ӣľģࡣ
ԺӿյģΩϣ޼껨ݣżӺԺ䵽˵أٴһ·һȦٳϱŴײȥ
ֵǰԺ˿ķŽû춯ҲûгţֱȥԺ׼緹
ŵһɷ˵ζ֪ǻûΩϣʵû뵽˿ģɸɼȴһѺ֣ҳҲ
źԺȥ뿴ʲôóԵģ

108

ͿΩϣϵΧȹվ̨ǰڹ﷭ţ̧ͷſڿһۣʲôҲû˵ŹĶ
ʲôóԵģź㡣
תȥһСһӣӹʢһС
㳢
һǳƬ˳ƬζͲ
һ˫ӵݸӴӹʢˣû˵ʲô
ſӣоﲻԡ˿ϵΧȹæʢ˵ΩϣٿԼ˵С룬ĪЦⳡôôССĸо
סЦ⣬СȥС͡
˵˳Ƭ治з棬ζպãǵ·òˡΩϣųĲˣųĶһʱ˹ڹ﷭˵ûб
ζô
ͻȻĳһ£ӦƬζ
ܺóԡ
Ŀ佱Ҳ顣
СƬշ£ǰԺĴˣ˼Ųһ֪ǡΩϣҲͣĻƸŴ׼ȥûϤ
DD
Сң
СѾͷԼðԺӣڼʮڵá
˵أСԺӲʰá
DDһ֪Ѿͷʰ޵ģ˵ǲϴûô໨ݡ
ٲȻǺֳ𩣬·ֱԺԼҺ԰Ƶġ
ںԺĴſڵǣһתͿվſһЦ񣬾鶼˲١
СѾͷǻܣôõԺӶγˣ
ҪϲͰסҲҲܣʡϼСѾͷ
DDҿɲҺҿûطޣ˵ǲС
⻰û˭ҲҵҪDDûط
DDǵհ
DDպܲ붼ˡ
ǰ˶ԼҲΣ˭̫أ
е㲻ʹˣյĲ˾ֱ˵ôĨǵĸһ㶼ɰ
DDԶԣСǲôɰӦֱ˵ֱˬ
УʲôóԵģֱˬɣ
УȱܣһԷ֪ˡ
еĳԾУǲʳ
ԨDDֻҪĺпڳԾС
˵ߴ˽Ҳûһһ衣
ֳţȻһڣޡ
ò裬Ǻò裬вٺö
Сǻܡ
Ҳ豭˼ڣ˽ġ
˵ôôأǼ𣿡
DDѾͷ
ûǼʡ
Ҿû취ˣżʰɣߵʱܸͺһЩ˽żʡ
DDãǴˣἵģֻҪвȾͺá
ԣǺãһҶЩ
úúãDD
񰡣ɲãôܿĿأ
Ҿͦãʡּʡ
DD
٨DDСѾͷ
ǺǨDDȺȲ裬ȥղˣǳ緹ġ
èDDпڸˣ鷳ˡ
鷳㣬ųԷС
ҪҪæ
ãţһͺá
ȥֱӽ䣬ǽǴӿռó廨һֻԷ˶࣬ｴţͰ򼦵·ԣһЩͷ
ŶˣͶȥ
ȥΩϣպòˣڽΧȹϰųײˡƬСг峴ܲĸˣеû֪ôġ
ŲٶǰӹⰡģ˿񣬰Ѷ̨ϡ
ЩҪգ
ţˣԡ
ⷭſ˿
ôգ
ɣ
û˵õ⡣ѽţҲóƬװ̣һպϣһ˾ͺˡ
ѻҲװ̣ȻѽŹִһЩŰϻдУһСгΩϣⶼ׼ˣõĶóŹֱˮʢظˮݡһﵹͣȻˮԳֱη׼õĵϣˮû⣬εζȻǹ
ֳڸڵźȲ裬һζƮϺõĲʱҲȻζҲʼиͣ
ʵסζͿһ಻ڳæµţֳ˼ûôõĶôΩϣô˳ۡ
λ˭
վڳſڵĺֳһ𩣬˿æµΩϣ
λΩϣһЩǡ
ô˵ɫ˲٣֪˻ΪǷϸأ
ֳû˵ʲôһЦ⣬Ωϣһж

109

µĴΩϣųмĴ߹ϵĲˣ̿ˮ
׼ôóԵģ
ǣһ⣬úдһ˵ȥ
DDǹĴˡ
ǨDD
ʲô𣿡
ͼҳɣڸˣҪиüˡ
DDҳҲеĳԡ
ҲǣеĳԾУزʳ
ĺ⿪ʼ̡֭ŨζҲ֮ƮͺֳΧ̨תơ
񣬹ʲôöôô㣿
ôǺζ
Թյĺ⣬ζȻϤ
⣿
ֳе㲻ţҲԹ٣ζûô㡣
ûǺ⣬顣
ֳɸˣ˫֣һȲӡ
֪֭յĲˡҿǣ˱ǵζɢ˲ģСһΧ̨
ɢҲ¶ò˺޲һȽ
ǵı飬ú˼Ҳû飬̰ʢһлˡ
˶ˣҲˣͷֳ𩶼ã͵ſ
ʲôóԵˣԶŵζ桭
ʤӴɤԺӱ߱ߺſڷϵĺֳ𩣬סſڲ
СӣվŲ졭
ϴʤӲԽʤӣҲ˵ˣеεЦЦ
ǺǨDDˣ
ǶλҲ壬ÿ
Ĳãҽʤӡ
ʤһɨղŵΣͺͺֳк
ǺãĲ
èDD
塣
èDD
Ĳ尡ǺãֵܵľˣԺԼˡ
ϴҲȻȥͺͺֳһˡ
ӽǶĵĻȣϤֳҲǵһμʾ֪Ǹٵģʺôкûٶ໰
һˣΩϣˣͺֳ𩣬Ÿ˳Էһ
ϾŸʮ̣ţ⡢ͺװ̵ġ˶ʳ׷ͰͷʲôС
һ£ɫãûȾƵ¡
һٷԵĴһϲǺֳ֪գһֱΪѧϰ㣬϶ʮָմˮĽ˭뵽涼㣬ɫ˲ǰ׽еģԼҺϲϵġ
֪뷨Ҫ֪˹ҲֻܡǺǡһ˵Ҳϲϣ˭иռأ
극źֳȥǰԺȲ죬һĻΩϣ
óԼռĺòһֳһھͷᡣ
ö࣬ȸղŵĻҪã
ȵ㣬Ҹ׼ˡ
ҲϽ豭һڣȻζ嵭ڴ㣬ȻԲûʲôоǾúúȡ
úȣӦҵķݰɣ
ķݣġ
Ωϣ˵ĬĬȲ衣
ֳ¶ǣıӣ֪Ҫ˵ʲôҲĲ豭ɨһΩϣ
ʲô£˵ɣ
֪Ҫʲôش飬żǵġ
ԣʲô˵кڡ
Ĳ豭Ŀźֳ𩡣
ºأҸôΪ
ô˵ֳҲһ࣬üͷԤУ϶Ǵ¡
˵ɣ׼
ô˵ҲûףҪ£궼ùˡ
´˵شںɽȥԡ
ŮӼҼҵȥɽԣһȥģûˣ
˴ʣһС
ûʲô°ɣ㡭
ֳҲż⻰Ҳûȥˡ
Ƿģû¡
ǾͺãԺһ˲ȥ
ģȥˡ
û˾ͺãҪүүҪˡ
ģûˡ
汣֤Ҳˡ
ȥԣûﵽΩϣˣǱ׷ɱ׷ɱǵĻͨˣѵصˣǡ
ʲôﾹȻео
ֱֳӴλվڿ߶
Ҳüͷ壬Ԥг棬治С£
DD
ֳĽ񣬿в֪˵ʲôͣ¿
˵DD
ô֪ǵо
оõͶңֻ
Ƕˣ
𩿴˿Ωϣʵ
׷ˡ
ˣˣ
ֳһˣΪеϧ'Щǡ
˨DD
ֳΪ⻰ô򵥣Ҳ֪ʲô˼
һϲΪǶץˣоòܣ̽
ǨDDǰ˸أ
ɽˡ
ɽпˡ
һеʧûû֤ݰ

110

Ұ޶ˣôܣ
ô˵ţɾ˺ֳ𩣬⻰ôˮһɡ
ˣ
ӦǨDD
ǣôҰޣ
𩲻ö֪ʣһĬĬȲΩϣһۣźȣĬĬ²ۣôҰޣȻǰ˵ĹҼҵ˽ģֻǺȲ裬Ҳ졣
ɽҰʲô֣˵̤Ҿûǻųȥ
𩳹׷ӦҲ˵ʲô˼һʱ֪˵ʲô
ֳ߹λϣһڲ裬濴
Ǳסˣ
ŨDD
˵ʲô𣿡
˵ˣҲǵо
ôкǵģ
DDļ
DD治֪˵ʲôá
𣿡
ǣͷۣ벻ʵĴʿ㡣
ֳ̫Ѩһ޴롣
²򵥰
ֳҲͷۡ
Ӷһֽݸֳ
Ҵǿʳ£
ֳֽϵݣԽɫѧأɫʵѿֽݸ𩡣
Ҳֱ̫Ŀŵĸ飬̫Ŀˡ
𩿴ҲɫĮԱߵΩϣ
ͬ־˵һǺôĳͻΪʲ׷ɱǣ
ҪΩϣֳȻû˵ʲô֪˵ҪԼҲ
ţȥúˮ
ֳҪѾˣûڵĻᡣ
ȥڻ԰￴˿Щݱ޼Ωϣɵġ
޼Ĳû뵽գ޼֦ҶҲϸ飬ڻ԰֪ϸģû뵽ϸô棬øмӱ
ĺֳΩϣĽ˼Ҳ֪س̶ȡ
ֳ֤Ωϣ̾һ쿿Ӻϡ
ϨDDͬ־˵ǻϱлṩ
ӦõĨDD
ΩϣǸӣ̲Ļ˺Ų豭ϸûҪ˵˼
˽ûҪ˵ʲôˣ
ΩϣȳȥͿǽҲȥڸųҲŶ£ӹĲӣʼ͸ɻ
ͿСӸƵģǰڿ죬رŸɻ
Ωϣϸڿ죬ɻҲҪʲôʲôϸˣҲǶ˶ֻ֪ˡ
ֳҲһݵĿŻ԰ˣĪἵʡ
񰡣࣡
ǺǺǺǨDDɱˣҸһЩҶͷȼˮͺãҪ⻹вǣǰǻǺǣҪҲС
DDãֳҪЩˮЩ
DDЦˣҿҲܡ
DDǲܣҪˣ
ЦԺǵǣĸ˲ϣ꣬ƫƫ£Ѱ
ǰ˨DDҲҪ£
ֳģ꣬ټҲҪ찡˭ǳڷģ
Ҳ֪µԺѶȣҲ˴ʱ顣ôһأ
壬ףǺˡ죬ҪæĿ˵
úúã֪۲⼸Ҫ¾ϵ֪ͨ㣬лл㡣
ˣǱ㲻ʲô
DDãã
DDҴֶŮʵڣʲôҲ˵ʵڵġ
Цſ񣬱˵ܰǲæֵҲܰæأҲܹƽꡣ
Ҫ˵ûʵ¾ˡ
ֶŮɲôʵڣʵ֪𣿡
һ治֪Լʵˣллˣ
DDСѾͷвš
DDлӦõġ
ƽʱôЦΩϣҲڻ԰Цü򶶶ԱߵĻҲŻζżʶʲôС֦ҲǰһĻǡ
Ц󣬺ֳ˿ʱ䣬֪Ǹ뿪ˡ
æţǾˡ
ߵʱԴ͡
ãҿ϶Ҫ죬úһ١
ҲԲ˶٣Ժȥ壬ԼٶУ廹ܰ쵽
ԶԣҲ٣ʲôУֻҪسеġ
ã⻰ҿɼˣ嵽ʱСǮ
DDǮԡ
ǮûģԷУɷģ
һ˰һò裬һ˶ţɺС㣬ŶȥǣҲŶͳš
ֳ߱ߴֽóţɾͽųԣСĸϽһĿ˿Ωϣ𩣬ӴȺЦֻʴĻʳ󣬾Ȼмֿɰ

111

վڴſĿ뿪źΩϣȥ
ߵſڣΩϣͿˡ
Ҫ뿪
תһ࣬Ҳʵʲô˼ʵش
ǣ𣿡
תͷŻ԰Ĺһû˵
Ϊû˵ˣҪݣֿˡ
DDҪȥ
ҪȥDD
ʱ֪ͨҡ
˼ԤУ˲ᡭ
ô
ͬ·һߡ
ǲż𣿡
ҪǷһ߰ɣһŮӡ
ҸղҲ˵ˣҪ졣
û£һ߰ɣ
֪һˣ϶¹Ʋøı䡣˵һҲûʲôô𳵣ֲԼʲô
ϵԺ죬Ϊûʲôˣʱ仹ʮ͹ˣһͻؾʡүӵġ
ûΩϣ˵žͱˣͬ£溫ֳ˵ҪҪȥһˣϲԶԼгﳵȥ
ѳƵſڣͬ־Ҳﳵģ͸һ·ǵλ
ȥ¥İ칫ңţȥžͱϡ
߸˶окֳ𩣬˴Ļǰ·꣬һݡ
Ǵƣ¶ϵЦݡ
ֳ˰Լͺк
ˣҪ鷳ˣ
Ǳ㲻ʲô
ԱλϵӣȥԱߣһڵĲˮǰ
ζ֪ԼǵĲ裬ǰ뿪ûعҡ
лл壡
ãȺˮůůﳵɣ
á
˿źֳô飬Ƕ˲赹ˮе㲻⣬ֱ
˿ȥҲûʲôҪ˵ʲôͬСﳤĸɾÿͨҲһ㣬ľû
жô֪۹Լɨ䣬źȲ裬֪һ
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Ƕ۵ĲˣǸϽ԰ɣϢһ¡ȻȥȥسҳԺõġ
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վԭص𩿴ԶȥıӰЦЦ
СѾͷ
Լеšֹ߱
Уҵȥú˯һ

112

񵽼ңΩϣǶ׼ԷżҲû˵ƳҲ֪ˡ
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ΩϣûڳſڵķºȲ衣
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ţȥһ£ʲô

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ǲϲֻзʷԼ

113

Ͻӿռһ
ӿռŸأǻʱ䣡
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ΩϣŴ򿪣ſұߵǽϣֲڿڴһڵӡ
ųƮһɹܰζζͷѣΩϣ̰˼ò뿪ǽſڿһζŨһЩ
վſڵ̨ϣͻȻվ̨µˣڵĺһСΩϣǲв
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в
ھ;е㲻ԣоˣָĿڡ
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üʵú˵ۡ
Ҹ
޺һߣʾһߡ
Ωϣڶνӣɾ࣬˺

Ωϣ֣мСϵϡֻһֻ۸ɾԼ䣬۵ָ޼ĺƯϸָʱʱŲһ£еƤɰɰΩϣһ֪˵еĿɰʲô˼ˣ־Ȼˡ
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֪ͬǿ֪ǵĵһһǡϣǵһҡ

114

ԺļˣֱӾȥԺø˵һ£ϣǲҪͻȻ¡
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ʲôǺ˻Ҳ˵Ǹĸס

115

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116

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ٷаСʱŴСĸˡ
壬ҲҪȥ𣿡
װͿЩүүЩ·ϳԣЩǺֳģүүġ
Һ˶࣬Ҫֻ취ˡ
˵ģһͦãϡҲôá
ûأԭĹȥԼҲʡʷѡ
ͣͳСӸ𩣬ָһСƿӣһҩӣԼƵ裬ҩ
壬Ǹͺ׼ôȥʡʷѡ
DDŵѾͷ
ߣҲ֪׹оϸò
úã˵ʲôʲôҾˣֶŮ񡣡
պˣҪҷšƿԼҩҩΣգž
ĻܸжǼҲû˸׼һҩۿе㷢ᣬķ
ллֶŮˣҪ塣
ã㸺ֶŮ
帺Ҹżң
ҲˣϽʧ
DDȰϻʧ
ȻΩϣһ𣬵𩻹һ·ϻߡ
˸Ҵ绰
õģҲľͺá
úúã嶼ģ¾ʹ绰
𳵻򾩶Ҳָ
е㲻ᣬڳ￴񣬴ֻһۣͰѺסⶫ˽⣬ֵƣĺö
ûϺ˲Σռ˲Ρ
Ѿͷ
װ·ڴСҩƿװòһ·صλѺֳǷݸ
ѾͷǣǵСˣ
DDǲУѾͷأٹٿ
DDǵֶŮǣ
ǣûҲ壬
СѾͷظ飬塣
ûϣ˼ҲǺܺ˵ģȾơ
СпڸҸϻûȹأ
´˼һһȥȾƣ
úúãʱǵýҡ
ֳģˡ

117

Ķ̣ͬһλšѴλҵźãѳԵó׼͡
ȴĳԵģһֻ˵ռһ׸һӣϡҲ͹⼸ĵһֻһµˡ׸ܺãһһڣŴζܺá
Ҳġ
ˣЩ϶ԣִͳһţɣһС㣬ͷ
԰ɣˣҲ˰ɣ
á
ΩϣҲһС׸⣬òų˼顣ͳͷͷСͳԣһԾͣ
һͷͼ׸⣬һ˳ͷռС㶼꣬ʣ׸ʹţɡ
ָһһˮ棬Լڴϱ߿߳ԡ
ٺ٨DDóԣ֪ԡ
ҪҪһֱҸɣ
԰
أ
绹Ǵ磬Ҳ磬Ǻֵܣʲô
ǰסˣǰʲô
Ǻܶ븴ӣԼס߲ԼΪԼ
ʤӣ˵ãˡ
ĿǼ򵥣ÿ춼ֺǡ
Ωϣ̧ͷ˿
Ҳܴ
ǺǨDDллүүô˵ҲԼ
ÿ
ллϴ磡ҲõĴ硣
DDǣҲԼͦá
ٺ٨DD磬ǲǾҲܺá
ȥȥȥҿԼأʲô£
гԱλ߹ȥͷֿﰵ룬ѵڻϴ̫ˣڵ˶ôôҪóȥˡ
һԿ󣬳Ա㣬ϴ˯ϴʤǷֱھź¡С̡ʮ̣Ωϣ̡̣̿
Ƕ˯ˣϻȷʵеۣ£Ҳ˯һ
DD
洫Ωϣᡣ
ôˣ
лл
ô˵
лл־һ
ˣҲ֣ǳţҲܶȥ
ûӵ죬϶ˡ
ðɣҽĸл
DD
˵DD
ܺã
ǺǺǨDD֪Լܺá
ľ˯ˣú˯һ
˯ˡ
ŨDD˯ɣ
һʹ̴ƽȵĺΩϣͷ˯գ֪ʲô
лл
ᣬֻԼ
ڶǲŵﾩվԺҾҪֿһ˶ʮǮûǮҶزȥ
Ҫҵĵ绰͵ַѧУҲ˲ߡʤе㲻ᣬһͷ۾ֱ飬ͷҲص
ΩϣͷԶֱ
񵽼ҵʱţǴӸڳ극ˡ
ŽݣͿڽүӡ
үүŮʯͷˡ
ߺҵĹԱˣүүĹԹԻˡ
ûˣүʮļǽŲ
㣬ˡ
үҴҵĴү鷿
ȽӹĶһһǣȥүӸϽŮ¡ϸŮûݣ˼Ҳŷġ
үүĹԱۻ˰ɣţүүȥ档
үүԼ
ԱţүүۻҵĹԹˣ
֪үﲻ̹
̣ۣүүҰæ
ţҰүү
ԶԶԣţүүʯͷ
ãҾ͵ųˡ
DDúãԱųԾͺá
үֺǺǵĺʯͷ˳
ѴĶһ£үһүӲ˼ңͷȫף
Ȼ֪ôƺ֪϶үӵѣȴк
үүã
úӣɣ
үү
ȻԶûүӺãŻ
úӣүү˵㣬һֱû
ҵĲǣûȥ˼ҡ
DDǶµĺúӣѹϹŮ
үүһģȻˡ˵ԼҵĶúãҲϾүүãǺǺǡ
DDûǺþǺãֵܼӱͷһݵģĸҲȲ㡣
үүDDɱôңҲ֪ǳ὾ġ
DD㲻ᡣ
һһһᣬүӵͺˡ
ԱүүˣԣҪˣ
DD֪үү
úӣȥԣġ
ҪҪԵ㣿
ԣڸڳԹˡ
ţȥԷ
ȥ԰ɣˣ
ȥķһ棬Ǵ̵Ĵлϻһɰ
ʯͷǰҲһ룬ֻ٣ͬһ
үӣϽ³ԡ
Աүү˼棬ζô
ž㣬үүζ
һ£˵үӸ˵ġ
DDúãұԣүү;ԡ
ŨDDͰүү
DDúúãԱʲôʱԣүүʲôʱ󡣡
ڳֻκʹл㡣үӸ˵ζүүζҲõζ

118

үӾһߣȰĿŮ档
Աó𣿡
óԣóԵ档
꣬ûʣүӼŮԵĸɾ˼Ҳˡ
ԱԱ𣿡
ܱ
˸үӲŷġ
ˣүүλүүôƺ
ѽôϼһˣ
˵ſߺ
ҶҪҪ棿㲻ǰɣǾˡ
ˣǱ߻ûػתŮ˵
񡭡Լүү˼Ҷûأ֪˲ԣҲ̫̫˰ɣ
ҲԨDD
Ҷһĵƴ治һƵ
֪㲻ԡ
֪ʲôʰԼүүôֱˬôأ
ҶүүүүĺֵܣҴ˶ﱳҲҡ
ү˵ܣҲġ
үүʲô˵
ҶүүǰЩ궼ȥ˹⣬ϰǰûסҲȥˣھһˣҾͽզҹ꣬Ʋ
үүġҶүүһģǼҹͦã˶֡
DDҹԱǺˣүүģҹԱϼһˡ
⡭Զԣ֪˵ʲô˼Ҹ˾ͺã
үүģǺǺǡ
үӸˣİѳʰãͺŮȥ
Ҷүһ˹ţóߣ׼ݲȡ
ҶүүܺȲ𣿡
ܣҾͰϺȲ衣
ݲȰɣ
DDúãҲա
ߣҴҹԱݲû˱ȵϣϼһпڸˣ
DDиˡ
ӹóү׼ĺò裬Ϳʼݡ˼ֱˬûĶֱϴ裬Ȼˮݣٷֱ
ǰɫĲҶүӾ֪Ǻò裬ȶһһھޡ
òò裬Ǻò裬ﻹĺò谡
DDУҹԱТҵģȵ㡣
㲻˼ҴţҪһȲôõĲ衣
ϼһû𣿡
Ǹˣǡ
ʲôеĺȾͲˣʼݰ
ҿɲʡıϳȥ
DDϼһ֪ͺáҲ㣬ϵ˯ţİ㱳ȥˣ
DDһӻˮ
Ҳ㣬ꡭ
ðɣôң
˱֣룬ɣԽһеֵ꣡ǲᣬٽ׳ȴŨңò
ʯͷͰһȲ裬˵о˼
ҶĲҹԱҿɸ㰡ҹԱأɲСҪҺ
DDƸܵģ鷳ˡ
DDϼһʶࡣ
Ҷүүÿүүһ
ԶԶԣҹԱ£һˣûףŤŤģʲô
ﰡҸͺƵģһ˾ô
Ҷ㲻ô룬Ӷڹ⣬ǻڣҵĽ
үΪ˿ֵܣӣҲܣܲ졣

ҶûʲôģһܻأˣֺǺǵĹ𣿶ŮТ˳˾ǸТ˳ͱҷգһ˺úõĹǵ£ֻҪڣġ

룬̤̤ʵʵסţҹԱúÿҪúûšǰѵӶˣҪúҪȻûš
ǣô˵ˣǰѰҪ찲ˣϼһ￴ĿҲи
DDԼҵģ̫ͰѸûˡ
úãҲҪˡ񣬹ԺӣүүƣǸʲôë
ãҶүү
ϸ˼Ұ˼Ҹβã˼̫࣬Լҩһ£ſͺá
Ҷүүģûʲô⣬Ǹβãſĺúͺãȥץҩ
úãģġ
ϼһӶ˵ûʲôˣúţʲôʱ˵
DDҪҽհ
DDû˼Ծ㡣
ͺֳĶүӣ˼ҺܸˣʵҪҪ˵һƬ⡣
˵˵֣ʱ䲻˲ȥϢ˯ǰǺʯͷһ˺һռȪˮ
ϹأռȻ󣬽оãرĸеΪܶ࣬ͻһ㣬㣬뵽һ󼤶
ڿռ˸裬ֱסռյ
ò˵еżˣ

119

Ҷүӳ񿪵ҩֻʱ;̹˲٣Էθڣ˯Ҳ̤ʵҲ̹
ʮ죬ļҩҲˣоرоˣҲֵܹ̹ˡ
񷢻ٰ죬үȻģŮǰͿʼٰ£ֻܸ߸˳ԺȾС
ʮˣӿռ˸࣬ǹġ߲ˮָұ
þɷ޵ģμҸӵģֽڵģϵģ¹⻪޵ģ޼ҵģҵģָԺһ˱һݣǰԼģΣҪԼ⡣
ΪŴҲؼңѶ׼ãûʲô£ʮһæȥҩ̣Ѷξߡ
ȥƾɼңһаãĺҲˣ˵һעˮûȣһҴҵľˡ
˴ǣһԼھӣټҡϷһ⣬һֻһֻѼǺģǽҲ㲻١
ųҪţյĴŴ򿪣ֻһݵӣܾȡ
DDã
˺ΣٵСܡ
ãڲڣ
ڡڣȵȣȥС
Ѿܣܱߺ
磬磬á
ʲô㲻ؼʲô
磬ǡ
ʲôǣؼȥ
磬ǡ
һǣһ᲻ǣҪʲôٺ㡣
簡DD
˭
ίָָſڣ˳ſֻгվҴſڡʱΣͷһίӡ
ȥô˵
㲻˵
Ϳźþò˿
ߵģ
ָָǰԺӡ
ûУǸġ
ģ
ģĶˣһ
˵ѺϵĶ
ǸģһⲻҪллչˣף´֣Ҹ
סĶĿſֵͷ˿һ
ллҲףDDڿ֡
ллãˡ
ȥɣ
ˣҶˣˣټ
ټ
վſڿﳵԶȥŮ񣬺һŻعĶ֪ʲô
ųĻؼңøϳ
ϣڿռ꣬оû֪Լе֮ˣϽסԼƽͨҲپᣬ̬źãǵ
ƽڿռҪõĹ綼׼ãȪˮţ֤Ƕܳɻ
Сӣӣ߲ӣӣӶҳ׼Ҫæˡ
ļƻҪǷֹ԰߲ˣ˳һЩ߲ʳøũԺһϾְŹأ
ǽһأҪƷ
϶æھ͵׼
ڼﰲĹ꣬Űˡ
ƾɷ޳ˣҴһ죬үûǻȥμҸˣƾɺȶˣҲû߳ɡֽںϣ¹⻪ˣĵҹԶס£ԺӶ
ֱӲŻؼң⼸죬֪ҪƷʾҪæҲͦʣ˾ô£ƾɶ˵֧֡
˶ˣϢҪʼæˡȴһλ֮ͣй֮ԵĳǨDDš
⼸ҲһֱţһֱֱֻһˣүӺҶүǶĺԺ
񿴼е
񣬹ã
ǹã
˷һȦ¡
ϲڼң
ڣҪҴȥ
ڸ𣿡
ڸڡ
߰ɣ
գĺԺ׼緹
үӼŮڲʶˣ˼ԶԹֱܿӣֻŮ
Ա⼸æˣϽϢȻͳԷ
үүλǳǡ
үӲۿ˿ǵŮǰ˵ôˡ
ǲϴθүү˵ĳǡ
ûүүã
DDŮ
ȦЦԺֺǣ
Ϻãһֱûϰݸꡣ
DD
С̾С
ǽְɣ
ͽš
ãҪ
ֱˬҾϲǰദ
DDǶǴˣ˲һ㲻ͺá
DDᣬʵҲǴһ
DD⵹û˺ãơҹԱǴˣ
DDҾͱ濴ϸ£һ¶ڡ
˺ãDDҶϼһȾƵˡ
ˣˣʲô
ҶүҧһƬͷܲӳǿ͸Ͻүס

120

ʲô
Ҷǰɣ
ϼһסǶˣ㲻ÿ
˵ֳҶүӺ
ҶǳųǣȾơ
Ҷǰá
úãһ
ĵͶûǼ¶ǣĺŲ٣ȫȻûյ˹ʵ١
һٷԷǲգеȶˣһģүӰˡ
סڶԺ񷿼ĸڣ˶࣬һֱסڶԺ
ԺһˣҲû⣬վɾͿռ
ڶ𴲣ͿԺˣޡ
˯ú𣿡
ܺãҽ˯õһ
ǲǾʧߣ
ǣ㻹ҽ
DD
鷳ͬѧҿ
Ժʯϣ֣ëţ
ʲôë
ͷۣţʱǲǲǣ
ôһ˵ʼǰŮɲһ㣡
û𣿡
ãȳԼҩԼƽʱɣʱȥߣ泩ͺˣҲҪһ̡
ҿҩɣ
ãӸ㣬Լȥץ
д÷ӣ
Ҳġ
ŨDD
յģ
ǹ԰
ܽȥ𣿡
ԣ߰ɣ
ȥĹ԰
Ŵ򿪴ȥߣһȦܶΧ
ģ
ǡ
յĴʲô
ֶͿʼ
ǹ
߲ˣӡ
ӣ
ţ֣ɣ
ֳ֣İɣ
ûDD
ãܺã־ʹ󵨵֣ҡ
ллĿܡ
DD㾡ҡ
緹󣬳Ǿ뿪ˣߵʱһ칫ҵĵ绰ʱȥҲүԼ´κȾƵʱ䡣
ξ˸绰ϵɻˣξû˵Ӧˡ
ʮһξʮˣ԰ϵĿյأĶĶ˹һ߲ˣúЩصġ
æ죬Ĺ˸ԪڣŸ˳ĵֹڵǰǰĶĵأԽһׯ԰˵ǳ⣬غ滹żɽͲ˵ˡ
ȥú룬óǵĵ绰룬ȥһ绰Լõڶʱ䣬Ҵҹ˵绰һͷ鷿ʼд顣
һæдûţɰүۻˣŮ˲赹ˮ˲˶˷ͲιԷˡ˼ҵģͰԼļƻ˼Ҽ˵һ¡
үʮ𾪣һĿŮһ仰Ů󵨵˼ںأ
뵽˼һ֧֣ү⻰һǺܸжġ
ллүүŮа˷ְܳɡ
DDүүԱǲһǿ״Ԫǵͷͷ칤ʣʳģģҾûǸɳɹһ£ҹԹүүK
ǺǺǨDDүүŮ˵ȥ
DD
үӸ˵ȥȥĸԺǷϲá
żŬļƻ飬ֱϣдõĶá
ռŹÿնģˬڿռ˸ųȥ˯
һ緹ͳšͳԼõʮ룬ھŵ㣬ûеﳵ
ԼϱӶûôֻϵرĵ档ɽӣķ羰æµֿۣԵ棬ʵүӵŵԣ˼һ硣
񵽳ǵλʮ㣬ڸ˸طһᣬĴǣʮһŽȥ
ſڵŮԱֱ֣Ӵ¥ǵİ칫ҡ
ڰ칫ϵͷæµţĻкɳϡмŲ輸ţһ̸еļơ
ųǹˡ
ûУҲǹ
ŮԱ裬²裬һǰû򿪵ͳȥˡ
ʲôѣ˵ɣ
ллȿҵ顣
֣е⣬Ȼӹ飬һҳҳķԽԽԽԽϸ
飬֪³һ룬һ費ӣš
죬ְѿͷļҳϸһ飬ȻǺĿ
Լģ
ǣǰȥĴɽ
㡭
һ˿ٻ˿ֵͷŵֽš


121

⣡
Ҿ͵ڿҡ
ڿ㣬˼ʡ
ǺǺǨDD⻰ҲΪڿ𣿡
ǣ֪˵ʲôˣʵĸܣغܶͬС
Ŀǰһû֣ػɫﲻʵҪ󡣡
DD㰡
Ц꣬û˸ղŵ࣬⿴
˵ʵд治ҿô汨õġ
лл佲ôûʲô׵ĵط
DDѾͷ飡Լʲô׵ĵط𣿡
ĿǰûУ֮ǰûеġΪҵ鲻ǹǸģʵʵҪ¡дĻ㱣أҪʵʩ⻹Ҫãܺö٣Ҳûס
ˣ
Һ侲Ҳ棬ڷܶԼҵѪ֣ұκ˶
Ǽ࣬ʵԼҲǷ£ֻһʰˡ
Һ㣬ҲܿǼƻ
˵ͣ¿񣬼ֻĿԼûһ˿ĸ˻߼ﰵĶŶĺӣʵľҪٹꡭ뵽Ͻͣ¡
ƻͨˡ
ǻۡ
DDҪǲͨǲ񲻺ˣ
Ҳֻڻ߱һŬһġ
ãȶˣȥϢ𸴡
ллǣҾȡ
һ£Ҫͨˣʲôʱ򶯹
ͿʼҿѧǰֺͶ׼ˣҲܰѧ

DDĺܺãȥ׼ɣ
ãǾ͵ҿҵ鷳һˣԤԼ
DDúãæҲȥġ
УǾͲˣټ
ټ
¥黹㲻ʵѾ׵ˣһʱҲ߳ˡ
վڰ칫ҵĴǰ¥µһ·߳ţﳵȥ﷭ڣһСļֽҲ˴ƴͷһħ˺һƴƴ
һ·ﳵȥξ꣬ٶЩ׼顣ȻּҴҵĸӷһݵ籨յ籨ظ绰
æЩͣﳵؼңүǻϢأ
ﳵĺԺүǾΧƳƳˮĵˮһͨæүӸϽŮ£һˮ¶ǣſѯʡ
Աô˵𣿡
׵ˣǿ׼ˡ
úúã׻ҹԱ
׼û
񣬽ʲô˵Ƕе
ԶԶԣ⻰û񰡣Ҫʲô˵
żеĿԼĺܸж
Ҫ鷳λˡ߹԰үүҷģҪβ͸߲ˣ֣ҺòǾͿ
ģ׼û
δظ֤
ɽ֪˼ʲôʣ
Ҫܶ𣿡
û߲ˣ
Уյ˲٣޽ĲҲС
̫ˣЩͿ߲ˣҵÿܶ
ȻǶʹˣϵһȥ
ãһҲܰ꣬Ǿ鷳߲ˡ
鷳ܰﵽ㣬ܸˡСæǰæĲۡ
ǺǺǨDD㣬ԺǾˡȶҾʹүүͲǳȥ棬ķ羰ԺóԵĶ
úãҵĹԱүү͵һˡ
ž̹ǵúúð㣬Ҫȥ治ô죿
ǻûרųȥأ
񰡣ߵʱ򲮲Ŵľͳģʲôͳʲô
ǺǺǨDDǲУ˿ɲܳԡ




DDģǲҳԡ
Ҳ죬̯֧ͿʼұҵȴǳȥһˣҲ͸͸硣
úúãҲһɣ
ŨDDꡣ
ǵüӰѾ
úãץѧҵǸ㶢ĺúõġ
ֶŮллˣ
ҲܹĵĿʼ߻Ĺׯ԰ƽͼƳֺ͸ɽһȥ˽õĲϡϵʯȫ͸ɽսѣҲүӵĲ£˺Ͳ϶Ͱö
õϣķŶͿʼɡ
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Լɲñ֣ҡ

122

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123

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ðɣҲø߶ˣòԳһϵ԰Ʒ

124

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125

ڼԭ̫ϸµƿûĶȽϼ򵥴󷽣Ҳӱӡ
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126

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127



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132

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ͻƷ飬յ¾һٺˣȻʸߣɣֺãͬʱҪҲߣԲƷϸ񵽱̬ĵزҲ֤ʵ͸𣬹Ҳиɾ
µףϵиƾɵİףĶûҲż
ڴҶΪżʱһٶƽ׵棬Լƣ˶װ޺ˡ
Ǽʵ԰񣬽Ǵչʾ԰ĻƷϴˮԡ¶ȣһ԰裬ʮࡣ
ʵľͷΣɳﶼǻݲݣ߸С䣬¥ƵķװΡ
һ죬ӼҪƵĻƽ𵵶һ棬ͬεŮӣֳ԰ƷĽθɾϣ곤Ĵ󷽵ţܺõڹˣ񾻡ϡţҲȫ˶֪԰ƷƣҲŮǼסĶƷơ
԰Լ
¶ţĵ̻ûţ͵Ųˡ
곤ݾе㵣ģҲˣŰķ¡
һţ˾Ｗſڿţǿš
Ҷ𼷣ǵʽҵ׼СŶӵˣеⲻȥ԰͵ģû͵ĿһЩ
Ưɾʶأ˵ģҶ˵ĺ
СǵƯҿǵĹŵַˡ
ллΣ԰ʧﲻлƷܰͣװȣֻҪⷽҪ԰ܰﵽ
ôƤô£
˭Ըһ£ֻҪͺãרŵʦΪ񡣡

ãܾС
֣λʮŮʿϴȻĤʮϴΧ˶ԵĲ졣
ţ̧ˣ治š
ߺЧã㿴˺ܶ࣬۽ǵǳ˺̫ܶ࣬ˡ
Ҫۿ治š
ҲҪĤףܶǮҶҪ
лл֧֣ǵĲƷǺܶҩʻȡƳɵģԲߣֻһסţҲһҪǵ԰쿨
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õԱ쿨ŵŮʿ˪ϰĦַȻ˪˸ɹ˪Ϳһ԰ں졣ʱ˺͸սȫһԼˣ
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žԼֱš
ôÿ
ܺÿֻŮ˰ԼպĶ˼ͥͺӣĺԼö֮;ԼǸͥϸŮ˲ģԼҲȻʵŮ˶ǻиҪԼΪԼãڼȻ
ǣ˵̫ˣղŸõĶҰһҪǵĿЩǮ
лл֧֣԰Բʧֻܰ٣ǮΪƷǵĲƷģҪΪ˸ֻҪпվͿ廤
ô
ҪǸǰĦãпտһ£ЧܺáǶ򵥵ҽι޹С
⼸챳ۿ𣿡
ԣǸƱԡ
úãԡ
곤λŮʿҩơ
õģ
СʱλˣЧǳ⣬͸˵ǻˡ
һĻգһٶţһӪҵ࣬û㿪ź졣
һһëһӪҵ򣬼ֱ붼롣ֻԽԽ

133

ʮϢؼңɰүֻˡ
·ʮΪ̫æϻͳһүĺɰ棬˵ˣɶү˵ܾÿǷŮ
νҪúóԶٷŮա
DDҵĹԱôôأ
DDҿ㣡
DDҶ⻰û˵ҹԱĶãˣ
DDҲͻ۶㣬ʲôôɱöˡ
ϼһǰɣҹԱңզզأ
ү鲻һã˼Цʹ⡣
ܸɣǻżأͰѴ¸ˣ߲û˵
Ǿǣĸɴ£Щϻ˵ǿ̫ˣ񰡣¾͸β˵Ƕ֧㡣
ԶԶԣԱԺ¾˵ɲһæүүۡ
ǺǺǨDD֪үүҾһϲ
ǹϲģҿϵǸʲô棬ΪǱ˼ҵĶأ˵զͺһأأ
ǲõģǵƷעģ˺һġУҲԴ󵨵ĸ
ˣЩŵǿɲүүͿҹԱôһԽԽãҲ֪ˣ
ֻԽԽãүүǷġ
DDúúãҹԱүүʡˣүүġ
˼鲻λһӡ
DDǸӣͷǳȥԣҲǸDDףһ£úóһ٣ҹԱúò
ðҪףһµġ
ȫ󣬻٣ĺܸˡ
׳˵ĲǸõӣҪúףһ¡
ɽӹǰǰҲûæãˡ
DDһʦôϢֶŮй⣬
ŴɤŴЦҲˬʺš
DDϢˣſʼأ
δҲĦȭƵģ͸ˡ
ߣǳȥԣˣһ𣿡
׳ԣʯͷϾͺá
Ҫģɽô˵Ҳǣǿ϶ȾƣǿһȫԼȾƣҲû¡
߰ɣͿɣһᶼȾơ
DD߶ߡ
үǣʯͷȳš
񿪳ȥ˸ĹӪ꣬˶࣬һҪ䣬䶼ˣҪôȻᣬҪô
үӿɲĥߴˣѡһӣ˾ڴ
Ǽˣûôףһ˵һԵĲˣֻѼʳ׷ϲүӺʯͷȻѡը档
˵ãǺŲ죬Աߴ
ôģ·ˣǾ
ԲԲҸɣ
ʲôܲɾëëŵһȥǾҡ
Բҡ
Աһڣ߳ŭָһзԱ£ԱǣȻ飬һֱͣĵǸץ½ǵ֪ܽŲ
˲ģԱ߷ֵŮ˿ûȰ֮⣬Ÿ첲ôžȲķԱһСк߳Ա߿ŵͷķԱ
˾£ĸΪ˺ҲӦôΪԱΪ˺ӣװҲҪװһ£ֻΪԼĺӣȻǲôã⿴кı֪
Բ𣬶Բ𡭡
һʮӼҴҵĴӶ¥˵Ǹ֪˵ʲôĵͷзԱҲˣôˣɡ
ǵĲҲ½½ҿԣղŵһĻԺҲ룬ֻѼûүǾȺˡ
DDͷӸˣȺʹҺһԱʯͷǺȹ֭һ
ʯͷ֭үһûǽʲôˣֻܳԷУүǾͺȵĸˡ
ʯͷ⣬ʯͷһˣҪԼҲһӣоվ˸ˣΪϲ˵ķԱո첲СãҲû̧ͷ

ڽԼɣ
̧ͷһˣǸղűнȥзԱ˰׵Լ·֪ʲô
ԭɥϣͱø˼
㰡
ûʲôӦٴγ
оеϤ벻ļ
үӼǸղŵСӣŮܸˣû˼ͳ
Сӣ˵𼤶
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˵¡
ү£ſλе˿񣬸հַϣΡ
ôߣվŹ˿òͣ߰ɣ
˷ϵ֡

134

Բҡ
߰ɣűòͣ
һʧ䣬Ҫȥ
£С˵
үһк£һߴ˾ۡ
ʲôæģ⺢ʶһԸ鷳øꡣ
˵ŴվԱ޴С¡
һǰһۣүЦЦ
˼ˣã¾ͽҡ
æģ
үӻӻ֣ת뿪
ԳԳԣСÿӳԣ³Ա˵
̧ͷ˿үӣɨ˴һۣҶЦſ˿ûпı飬̧ͷСĵĿһۣԼһЦҲûʲô˲ãûҾǡ

лл㣡ϴݣǸˣҡ
ͻȻվһ
лл㣡
㰡Բûϳ˵ɣ
˵ˣܸˡ
С˵Ҫ˶ҲûԼڣ߳Աġ
үӼлŮһԺһԷ
Ҿ͡
£СӲҪ¡
δͳӻӣֺ˵
³ԷԵ³Ա˵
Ŵ£
ԣǶûôིӳԱ˵
үӸӸһ⣬˶׷׸вˡ߬ſӺۿֲ̧˲ᡣ
ӣ㻹ᣬⶼʲôԱӾа취ˣȳԣԱ˵
үӼ֪ףο
̧ͷүЦЦӾͳԣžķſˣڴڳ
ͶˣеóԾͳԣԱӲ¡
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ÿǿ԰ɣǳˣҪһûˡ
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пѼأʯͷԵ𣿡
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Ե£Ѽĵطأ
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ðϻ
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һ῾ѼˣƬѼʦСҲͶ˶ʲôҲû˵
СҲپſӾͳԣĿѼĶӣԱˣе㲻˼
ҡҳ˺ܶࡣ
ܳǸÿٳԵ㡣
үӼʵʵĳԣŸˣ˾ҪܳԲɻ
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ʲôѴ˵ܰͰ˭вʱ򡣡
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ҲܣôľǣΣȷʵԵ֡
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ٺ٨DDллллүүллǡ
ĵĿģЦòЦɡ
ҽ񣬿Խ֡
ллáллҵĴˣҽƽ
ҪʰĶһһߡ
ҡûһ·Ҳȥˡ
ŨDDһһ߰ɣ
ƽСӲҪģ·ҪͲҪǼסĵطУ·Ҳ㴩ģһһ߾ǡ
ãҷģ
DDСӣԭˣǰ;ŲͺãԺҡ
ллŲ
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СúúøлղŵϹµݺˣҪ㻹ǣ
߲˵Ĳһ˵ãСӺúøɣѧЩ£һӵġ
ҶүижƽӵĻ
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DDúãСӣүүҶүү߲βԺԼˣ¾Ϳ
үһ͸ˣ˭Ůĺã˼ҾͶ˭ʵãӲ˵Ϲ
ƽ˵ԻˣҲ˵үĿˣ

135

극ƽһȥＷҲ£ҲԶǸؽˣҲ㷸ˡ
ȥƽסԺƫ⼸ϼҴǱߵˣͻһסţСҲ£˵͸ͨŵģҲûʲôµġ
ԺоˮһԺϴ䣬ﱻ춼Լһ¡·Ļλȴţһͷ򼸼µġ
ãĲˣⶼܺˡǸĶ£Ҷûôµ·
˯ɣúϢ졣
ҲϢϰࡣ
ȵĿ񣬱һͷĪе㰫һͷĸо
Ϊģһȥ䡣
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˵һ˿ͣ˲̫࣬º˿ڲˮͼξһСӽˡСܱ꣬ξм³˭ˡ
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ǺǺǨDDæˣҲҴŰ
Цһ
¡
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ãǴľ꣬ĿãҡҺѡ
ľ꣬ѣԺп档
ĻܸˣеС˷ܡ
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ˣ
ĳƺܾȣȻ˵ֱ˫֡ӦӶͳ
ҡף㿪ҵ󼪣¡Դ
źкȥȻԼſȥΪˣ
ֽڣϺͳ¹⻪Ҳˡ
ѽˣԽԽˣҶ˼ˣ
ǺǺǡ˼ţĻ֦չĳ


ǺǺǡѾͷ
𣿻Ϊ˳㣡
Ұɣû׼ڼı⻹أҾһˣ
СѾͷôڮҵҪ㸺𡣡
ǺǺǡҿɸ𡣡

136

¹⻪컨ſڣƨĿʾպܺá
DDʦף㿪ҵ󼪣ҵгɣȻѧҵҲҪгɣ
ֽ־һͳ
ллʦʲôʱҶѧ
DDúúá
񰡣үүף˳Դá
һĻ̫ˣϽ˫ֽš
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DDҲÿ
СѾͷףԴïʢҵгɣ󼪴
һ¹⻪ֱˬҲ
ٺ٨DDллͽˣ
㶼ôҲ˵һһǴӵϿģѾͷ
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żⳤ࣬վ㵱ƣ˿϶
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æŶ˲赹ˮļæŸſڹһ
ˣȥԼͺá
ĲĿ߳ȥ
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ллô֪ҽ쿪ҵ
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ûæһᣬүǾ͵ˣ˼ҲǵһŮһ۾;úã˽ȥ͸˵
үӼΩϣǵһǼر顣
ﹻ󣬹Ҳĵ𾢣иɽǰкܳˡ
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ǺǺǨDDᣬҲҰ
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쵽緹㣬ʹ绰÷λˣģԷǰ棬ʹȥꡣ
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̿ԩˣұʱæҹǶܻôأ
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ߣȥԷѴҶˣ͵͵ҡ
DD񱦷ģģ
ǺǺǨDDҲңһźúòӹǰɣ


Ѿͷ
ǺǺǡ
⻪ɳİɣ㲻Ķ֣

137

壬Ͽô죿⵱ĻҪҪˣ
DD⻪ģⲻʵڣһӲ˺úò˵ҹԱģ
尡˼Ҳѧˣ
DD⺢ӣʵϡ
˰׼򵥡иСϻǶ֪ɣǻ۰ѵ˸ģ
ҶүӾͽүӵϵףѴҸֵģֻΩϣ˿үӣ˼
DDҶϼһֽϵףԺ󲻺ˣ
DDҶҶ壬棬ٸ˵˵£
¹⻪ҶүӣүӵϵףĴҺЦѡ
ķ꣬ڶ¥Ĵ￪үӺͳЩ곤λߵһ塢ʯͷ÷޼ĸŮĿγʤһһװ޸ߵĴᣬţ˵ҲӰ졣
ʽŵģܴʲôõʲôһٷԵĴҸ⣬ԵүȺԵĳ˼磬ԵΩϣ
ڳԷĿյȥڵĿհ׼˻еһռòһƿ԰³ʽϴˮŮһ׻Ʒ԰һ档
ξŲǸ˷ܣϴĲ裬һֱʡźȶûˣһźˡ
񰡣Ͳˣҳô㿪أϴĲһ͵͵ĺȣûˡ
ǺǺǨDDôôС͵͵ȣ´Ҿ͸үүкò衣
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138

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ǺǺǨDDιˮˡ
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139

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140

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æ꣬ͣĿʼֶˣʵۼִ߲ˣԲ˵ѡҲһЩҲС׬һʡ
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԰ˣһԼ
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ڵͻȥ͸ϽԺ顣

141

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ѾͷǾһɣҪ治ɣһɶˡ
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142

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Ժӷв٣ҪȻûʱЩǰԺʵȻˣûзŹĵ

143

ԺڻǮżǾ͡
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144

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145

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146

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148

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154

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ԭҺܸˣ͵ڿҡ
ǣڿүأ
ʲôɿģҪܺúⶼ˵أ
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DD⵹ûҪ㣡үүҪúøл㡣
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үүˣҲԵˣʱȥ棬үүǿ϶ĵ
DDúãһȥǵġ
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DDүү
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ѧ߿û뵽ѧ
ʲôѧ
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ǺǺǨDDӲһ𣿡
ǿһȻ㡣
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ܻ߲ˣ
ߣ߲ˣʲô°ɣ
ǲʲô£
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155

˵үӵ˼ˣ˵˼ȫΪŰģȻϲֳϣҲж
˲࣬Ҿ˷ܺ˵ϻļҡүү֪㲻ϲĳϣҲʲôѿһͺáǿͷģû뷨Ź֣޲ðؼҵڹš
үӵĻˣȫԵүӴٴĵİ죬Ƿ˼רΪԼģȲ˵ϲϲ˼ܸм
үү˵ʲôʲô˵ôڿ
DDп͸߸˳۵ľͺ˵䣬˳۵ľͲǣǻͽ㰡
ǺǺǨDDãҾүүһ˳۵ľͿһۣ˳۵ƤӶ̧һ¡
DDԶԶԣӡ
DD
Ҳ˶ĴЦЦŷһֱЦҲЦϣ˿ԼүүֺǵҪһֱô˾ͺˣﰵ롣
ǵ鷳ү׼һѺܸߵӣҪͲи߸ϵĸо
DD׼ѣүүһĸ߸ߵģǺúÿǡ
DDҪߵģȥ׼

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Ьᣬֻٶˣҿүӻظ绰
绰һͨʹүʮĸү
ԱҵĹԱ
үүŮ
DDԱүү˰ɣﻹ𣿳ԲԵϰߣ䲻䣿ûϻˣϵǮ
үүģҳԵĺ˯ĺãﲻ䲻ȣŮҲûϻˣǮһкܶ࣬õģҹͻȥ
úúãСŸ׼óԵģԱ
أүү˵
ԱһҪСģҪסȫĵطϷɻƱ͸үүһ
үһĹŮŵ绰үҲ绰˶Ů۰û˿ͷĵһһĶϸİοˣϸµĻش˵⡣Ҫж棬Ҳô
һԵүĽѣҲµʶ
һͨ绰ȶ洫Ҷϵ绰ŷĵ绰
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϶û⣬үүϲмʶˡ
DDҲǸмʶ˰ɣ˵Ͳһ㡣
үүǰϹսҿмʶ
һ⻰ү뵽үүϹսô򵥡
𣿹ֲ˵ƣɲһŶ
ھһˣֻܳԺúȺþУ¶˼Ҳġ
̧ͷһۣûʱҲûԼүүԺúȺãҲǲѲſΣǰŮʮΪ㣬ѾТ˳ˣ̾硣
үҲͬүүû
үүиŮ
һүүǰҲģҴܸһƬأ˼Ҳˣ
ŮĸҰĽ
ɲҪô˵ĸںͷأ
DDãļԡ
߼˰죬Ҳûĸе档
ǲĸĸǸʲôģ
һŴҹգȻǵȻı飬֪ʡ
үҲʶӻ˲ʵ⣬˵Щʲôȣͳˡ
ҴСүүһʱҰְ־ˣһºҲȥˣүүһ˰Һ͵ܵûǣҲûǣõүү
үĻдͬɥӣֻĶӱӶܵˣĶˡүүô尾ģҲĸܣ˼Ҿģ
ףһס
Ҳ֪˵ʲôãһ˿ҲܵӰ٣֪Լ䲻䲻ĴТ䲻ƣҲ䲻Ĵ
õģһжõġүүֻܳԺȾУ˾Ǹ
ԶԶԣҰǵúүүѧú츣
ү۰Ҳϲˣ
ڶҴһ죬үӺȲ죬ڣҲϢһ졣
һ磬ҵӶ˾ͽɨʰԺĽǽ䶼Źʼ׼ᡣ
ү˵˲࣬ǻ׼˿

156

ճԹ緹½½ĵˣڸסĿͷһֱûү˵һû䡣
ϣˣ첻ɫãλҽεģҲһ¡
ҲͷˣҲˣͷȵģ
ϣɲ˽أɫǰҪò٣Ҳ᲻٣ĸǽҽʶʶ
ڸǵĻˣͬʱҲүӣ̾ĺ͸ҲͬаɣȱǮʱȱľǽǱκ˶ںԼĽ
ȻżɳϺŲſ顭
һͿ˺ð죬˵ͽŲ֪˲ˣʱˣ
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֪ĲˣҲóȥˡ
DD
ŽװģĸʽҲԵܸ񡣼ſ飬òܺá
ĲˣҪҪ·
һ򵥴󷽵ĿװɫļԲСûκλɫֻмµ̿ۡǳɫĿɳ㣬һ˫ɫЬ򵥵һ·ɴ϶˼ƮȻף˾͸ôɾ͸Ī⡣
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˳ȥֱȥǰԺӣǰԺӵĿھǰٰ졣
մСųȥǰԺͿߵĳӴĴŸս
ǿվһ񶼺ܾȣϲǰ泤ڵĺһﲨתȿ첽ǰߣͰͬе˦ˡ
ߵԣ첲Ĵϣߺ˵ߴ
ߣһ浣﷭û뵽ͦˣ治
ģ㷭Ҳúõġ
DD㲻˼ôأ
徻ˣʡĻǡ
ԩˣʲôûǾʹҲ޹
㳤Ǵ󣡡
˵޻˵һ˵ı飬ŵȻ΢Ц
һȥɣ
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⸱ŵӣ˸˼ɵˡ
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λүӼˣ˵ӭ񡣴Ҽſڸս񣬱ĳͨ۷Ҳ²ݡ
DDˣ
үǣ֣λԼԱߡ˼һ£˲⣬ĸսŵĺ˼ת۹ɨӡ
үӰ񰲶ٺãͿʼˡ
лͷӣشͷӻڣҾͲû䣬ԺҵӻȫȫҵĴСԺҶգҲ帣ˡ
DDټôɫӣһ¥ġ
ֻܷģ˵ⳡϻЩ岮أүġ
ûҲйգүҲῴŵġ
Ҷ׷˵ĻүһЦӭ˭˭˼Ƶġ
úãллλĺģԺҶա
ãϷġ
Ȼľͺá
Ӧõģܰүǵҡ
ҲЦӭĶԴұʾлԺǵ˵ǿѺõġ
үӼͷʾ⡣
ͷʵһֻſײˣɻǺˣǰҪò١
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λҽκҵҽ
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˵ǶԼʲô뷨ҪԼǵͲ˵ˣ

157

Ҫ뿪ģͷŰµġһæµү¶ûúϢϢһ¡úøлүľˣҲҵľˡֻҪһڣҵ˻ڣԶǵĹͣԺܿڣܰ첻ܰҶᾡȫ޶
үĳŵʵһ˵ȣû뵽һôŵ仰˵ֻҪ񿪿ڣκ£Ҷ취סڷǵĵλǿ͸һˣԼҽ
ʼնûڿĿǰûҪˡ
үӽŴӹһСӣڰ
ֵͼӣҽԺ˽˲Ʋ
ղŵĻˣĴֱʣʵ𺳡֣ǷĵضΣô޷ݣ˵м棬ǴֱʡҲǣҪҽ˶ûˣӴļҲ֪˭أ
ǸеĿϣǰ¶áһȻʵڲóȻţ졣
үתѺӽ
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˫ֽӹүĺӣȽŻͷ˵
ˣΧ˶ԾԾԣǰûжͱſڵˡ
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棡ҵصʱ䣬ͿŰһˣã
죬ȰѲ̧˵
үӷӶǸϽȥˣȥֽ̧
лл̫үлл
лл̫ү
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ŽŲֱ̧ˣŸӦǰ衣
˸Ͻÿֱڴɳϡץס֣Ͻǰ鿴
ֻ˫۽ɫ԰ף촽΢ﲻ
ϽΧΧɢ
ҶɢҪΧŲˡ
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158

ٳȥŵһᵭܰζǰƮȥġġƻǻƹǹζƢ˾һ𣬺ŵŲӯһ۵׻ǹ⣬Ǹ˰ﰵ뵽Ӻ档
ֱȥסķ䣬ȷϰȫ󣬾ʹӿռóһóһСҩƿڲżҴҵľͳǰԺȥ
ʱ䣬ҶԴŽ
ɵɳϵĲ輸ɾˣѲڲ輸ϣӡ
Ұˮ
˰æˮ֡
үӴһӣӶ˸Ͻհ졣
죬ȥˮ
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С㣬ϴ֡
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ֻѰ֧һߣȫעĿʼΪʩ룬ֻһֻ۵С֣ٷתֵؿھ룬Ĵۻҡ
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꣬Ѿͷ󺹣үӸϽ꺮ů
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Ҳô˵ϲһ㳤ĵطδ̤ĵطԺѵã
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DDúúãϹͷ
Ӳ輸ϵСͳһƳĺӣùүӡ
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DDúúá
үźӣСĵĦţľĺӣ֪źҲֵǮɨһΧˣүӸ˵򿪺ӡ
⡭
үӾˣ˵ΧҲɵˣӺ޲õ
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ֻŸεɫ˲ΣͨŵϹ⣬һŨɢǱ߾̾·һ㡣
Χ˶ѣֱӳүӸϽѺӸ
⡭̫ˣүүҪ
̫ˣ͵ķҲȲϣһмۣһ޼ۣһ˽һǷƷүӻûлľ֮ⶫ˼ôġ
ÿŰɣТ˼ҵġ
⡭⡭
үүÿͼˣ
DDúãţТͷӵġ
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ϣϲˣ
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159

ǵĿᣬΪүǰͷأҲʡ¡
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룬ؿڰһᣬ£Լʰϴ롣棬ΧҲζһ꣬ɳϵҲ˶
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վںĺԪǣų˸ľû뵽Ůôҽֻ
񿴣ӽڣҲԺһۣҲͻһ˿ޣûԼһۣеⳤôûûͷòԼվȺŮҫ۵Ĺݡ
߽ȺվҲ
һǿҵĿעԼתͷһ˫һۣߵĺֵܣ㳯һЦȻͷү˵
ǵһЦں˲ѿ̾࣬ĶǵЦˣ۶Ӱ˶ûۡ
˱̧ң˻ˣǺҲǸͷүӸˣԸȥϯĲʽټ˼
һЩΧҲ¶ˣˣǾûϲΣһ룬ռϲζǣǮ˶ǣǾҸ·ڷϲΣȡ裬Դϲ
Ŵҵ棬Լô˵һ¡
ϲУҲ࣬ÿֻʱүүУҰи˼ҡ
үӺﰵмȻڷ˵һҲһҶټεش˼˲٣ſϷҲ١ôһǾʲô˼Ҳˣңͽң㲻ԸҲֺңҽ·ͺˣ
DDúúãģүүھһͷԿŰ졣
үүҵȻģǴСˡ
DD¾ͲСãֻҪõͷӾС
ܰæҵңҾͲˣ
ÿүүÿ
ôðˮүҲǺϵãȺҲͷϡ
һ򵥵ᵽҹŽҸ˼뿪ˣܵ˵ջģÿϲβǺһ˵ϻ
뿪ģдķм뿪ˡ
үүһ죬Ȼæһ磬˵ľ񻹺ܺá

160

үүлл㣬лл˼
ÿʣҽҲġ
ģүүƯƯ
Űûʲôĵġ
үͷ˰죬һֽֽŸ
ţǷǱϵļɽүү͸㡣
û뵽үӻдֱʸգе㲻ʡǵˣóļҵҲ࣬үʵҲͲô㡣
үүǸʲôⶫ治ա
ɵӣţүү˽ǰҲûȨʣ˵ⶫһֱôзţҲġ
űֽţⶫЩ˼ǮһҲ򵽣үӳȴýǮ
үүҾͲˣⶫջȥ
˵ѸղүӸĺó㻹үӡ
ţͳȥĶջĵүүֻš
еΪˣ˿ߣҲһ̹Ȼ֪үõġ
Űɣүү⡣
үүɽˣӺͷ治գɲΪңҪﲻȡ
DDȣš㰡׻СԺ϶᳣ģû׼﷢չԼзҲ̤ʵԺסʣҲŲҪүүҪͷӿɾͲˡ
˵ˣֻԺǣԼȥǡ
Ҿ̰Ķˡ
ˣˣǽиʲô̰ģ
үӼѶˣ˼ҲЦɡ
ڱϵҲһɣɳϿ
Ժ˰æҪҪȥ
ûʱ䣬Ȼȥ鰲ٺãһʱһˡ
ãǰ֪ͨҡ
ŨDD
ģ˶࣬ԺӺӶῴŴõģ´Űһ¡
õģ鷳үүˣ´үүһҲʶʶ
DDúúãǸҲ
˰죬үӸĶҲˣ˼Ҳ̹ʱ䲻ˣȥϢˡ
ҲݴϢڶҪؾأ
սûһᣬûͱˡ
顭
DD
Žɳϻû׼˯ԼҲȥ档
ôûϢ£
Ȼ˿ںˣˣҪúϢġ
˿񣬴һŷ⡣
㡣
ûӣͷǰĲ輸ϡ
ʲô
һſҸҽҩѡ
⻰ûǸүõĵҩ޼֮ô˵һ㶼šүɽͷҲǮ
ǮˣүүĶͲˡ
£үүģҵ㣬ɣӡ
ûȥҲյģǼ̨ҲûǮأ
²ҪˣмǮҲţѡҲҵԭ򣬳ŵһȻǮ࡭
ִ֣Ҳû˵ʲôǮôյġ
ܲһ£жǮ
̧ͷһ񣬾е㲻˼ֵ°ͣ˼
ȿȡš࣬Ҳ򡭡
٣е㲻˼
Ҳе֪˼伲ү治֪Ƕ
ջȥɣǮҲգԺҲ£ǲ˭Ƿ˭
ɫе㲻ã濴
֪е٣Ҹ˵˽١
񳹵ʲôʱ˵ˣҲж
٣治١ֻǾǶˣԺ϶߶˵үүĶҺãҲǮܱȵһģûҪǮǾͨҽͲ˵Ĺϵ˵򣬾ٶ༸ҲҵҩеĶȽǮҪҪô˵𣿡
߿ŶŮԼһУ۾գ;ܾʲô˲ϡ
ߵͷŲ輸ϵŷҲ㼸̨Ǯ
ҰѻǮ˰ɣһһ롣
ô˵̧ͷɫѿĶ
ôˣôң
еҧгݵĿ
Ǵҵ𣿡
ôʹˣ
򶼲ҪͷЩëƤ¡
⸱飬úЦ
ǺǺǨDDʡǮ㻹ˣ˵⣬Ҫ岻ġ
DD˵˵ô岻ˣ
⻰ôеŤ
ðɣ˵ô죿
Ժ󶼲ᣬǮҲջȥҲˡ
ðү˵㣬ûǮһأ

161

ҿɵϣǮҪ
ðûӦĿԼͻ
ǣɵϣүҲò˶٣
DD㡭
Цòã;۾ۣŻۡ
үԴҵʧˣҪ˯ˡ
ô˵Цøʵ
DD
Цſһۣߡ
Ķš
תŷ⿴˿㶵ҡҡͷȥˣĵĸŴϡ
Ժס˶˯ˣ͹صƽ˿ռ䣬ڿռ꣬оΪ٣˸裬˼Ȫˮժ˸ƻУʷű߻תȦȦȿ
˵ǲ
ʷԲ۾񿴣˼ķȣԼӦģǾͲٴʷʵע⡣
ʷʰ
¨DD
˵Ҿǲǿˣ
¡¡
㿴ôܳԣԵôDDԲеˣ
¸¸¡
˵˾ˡ
˵⣬ͻȻ뵽ÿξ˺ᾫ٣ѵ֮йϵϸ룬ԵӦԼҲĵľȻ˳
ͨ㣬ȫ泩ԼľҲһ̨ףϲĸоԼΪ˵ʷʡ
ʷʣããԺĳ԰ɣֻҪҵĶԶʶС
ʷԲԲС۾Ŀ񣬴ϲȥĽš
¸¡¸¡
ʷʣôôɰҾȻŷ֣
¡¡
ʷе㲻ˣôڲŷҵĺأ
´ʷʣ˳ժ˼ƻռ䣬ƻڴͷϣ˵˯ˡ
ڶϣ緹׼ȥƱ߶ˣķɻ
ߵʱүϲΣƷ඼û͸ĺãүСĵ֣ܳЩ˱أһǾͻ
үҲȥܾˣҲûȥɣΪ˵ϣȥүվſڿ˾Զ
ǺúӣѧѧɣԺ˵Ҫæأ
ǣүүģס
Ǯûհɣ
ô֪
DD˾֪壬Ͳգûǵˣ𹼸һƬġ
ǣ֪ˣ
㰡ǲãҪ㹻ɫܿ㣬Ϲͷ˯ŶܸЦѣ
Ҳû취ô˵̫ɫأ
ë㻹̫ã˶Һû㣬Ҫ
үүͷģӺѹ
ѹƨ񶼲磬Ҳѹأ
үĿԶȥĳ˵
һʱ仹˲١˼ұ־ͽ˴ţһãȻүվſڡ
ʲô취أ
Ҳүӽ˴š
ȥоסСԺյģԾߵסƿţһɵ㴫ϸŻйζζߵǰϱ룬ͷһķ˿СĵӰתͿͷϷʵƻҲûôƯʵƻһһ£аҲҧųԣһȥԺүӡ
үӽӹӳԵҲųԣһԾͣүԺһƻ꣬˶˸ãž㡣
óԣģ˻ƻ˵ƻζ治
Ҳһͬƻ϶Ǹүүġ
Ǹᣬ񻹲֪
ôļʱ䣬ǰ߾ͷˣмܵҲǰģûҲܵЩǰٺˣʹүӺʯͷһηǣҲ档
һ·˳ĵȻǻСʱ͵˾·ɻûֱȥͣؼҡ
һ·ңԶԶͿүǣʯͷڴſڵأ۶ֵãΪүү͵ܵܵš
ѷĶӿռóͣȳүӾվڳߵŮˡ
ƿţϽǰ˵Ůһ꺮ů
ҵĹԱˣۻ˰ɣؼҺúϢһ£㰮ԵĶɻϷɣ̤ʵˣۻҹԱˣ
үǣţϵĶҲˣߵſڣԺ˾Ϳʼ¡
ˣˣ
ˣ
ڻˣ죬ۻ˰ɣ
񣬿ȱˮɻܰɣ
ӶԺĽŲ˵

162

𣿡
ҴææĸϹˡ
ˣ⺢ôȥôã
˵Ŀ񣬲֪˻Ϊǳȥü˰ɣ
ʮТүүæŸŮ˲赹ˮŴϽ׼ϲˣɽͺδæŰ꣬Ǳȹ껹ˣ֡
̿£֪˻ΪһؼҾ۸أ
DD⻵ӣȥͲżˣ
ǣѵǣԺҲˡ
壬ôأô컬أ
DDãԿ˵ǹߵģ
˵ţƾҲ°ˡ
ˣ
ˣ𣿡
ߣʲôãһȥͰǶˣ
Ͻô˵ʵԩУȥԩ
DDԩҹԱˣТ˳ĺӡ
DDǲ𰡣СʹԭҰɣ
ƾװģĸϽⲻǡ
ǺǺǨDDˣԭˣǵ´βٷ
ǣҼסˡ
DD֪ܸûǺúӣҹԱĺ塣
ǺǺǨDDүϷ࣡
ǣһԹôܲһأ
DDɣ
үӱŮĴЦֹ


񡭡Цˣ
ǺǺǨDDѾͷ̭һһ׵ģǺǺǡ
ǺǺǨDDҺֶãˣ
ɰӣƾҲԸϣôֺֺǡ
ǣṷ̂ҵʱɸˣˣ˾̭ɣ
ǺǺǨDDģһ̭أһٷһأ
DDҾе٣

ɡ̫ˡ
ҪټϸһΣ
ȥ档
ƾ˳Ĳ٣ںסһҲ˻ҲˣʱʱĺүǺȺСƣЦӹͦ
˨DD
Ŵеĺûؼã
ҶΧʷǵ
ѳϵĶýкʸɻиһһ·үһһƿƣ·ʯͷߣҶ˵İŪ·ߣ񽲷ǵ顣
ʲô컹Ҫȥ
循ȣȻû˵Ҫȥ
ҪȥһˣȥҴүүһȥ
үˣĵܵӰ٣˵ֱЦ
DDúãүүҹԱһȥҲȥǼ档
˵ŻһĿƾǣҪж⡣
壬ҪڼҴţȥһˡ
ƾһӣ⿪Цүӡ
DDãȳһ˵Ьӳ㡣
ǻ˰ɣҿмܲס
һػǴóԵģ
壬ûȥأ۲ż
DDܿģȸ˵ˣʡǵǡ
ҿɼסˣҪǲԵĻҿɲ
DDúúãٲǵġ
үӸˣҲֺǣֻʯͷص￴ֹ
ʵע⵽ˣҲ֪Сžţֻûưˣ
ʯͷôˣϲ𣿡
ҡҡͷûյˬ죬еƲ֡
¾˵š
ûУûʲô£㲻Ҫġ
ҹүүȥǡ
˵ͣ£۷ŹĿԼµۡ
ҴҲһȥǵ¼ңҲȥ
𣿽ҲҪһȥ
ȻˣȹȥҴ״һȥ꣬Ǿأ
׶ȥǣ
ǣǵĶһӶȥǹ꣬Ůʿô
ôôƤȻˣû뵽һ⸣ˣ
˵žʣнģҲ۰񣬰ԼĹŮ
ôѧүү˵
壬ô죿Ȳˣ
DDúãһҾȥǹ꣬ǹԱб£Ӷ࣬ססٻ
尡ֶⱲ˦ˡ
DDѣһ͸˦⡣
DDԼǽûޡ
׳ҿɵøȥǿ䡣
ɽ˷ܵ˵ţ˫һڴ
DDȥȥȥǹ
񣬺βɵøȥ棬
βģǲſʼԺʱˣʹϵر棬֤ĸˡ
ٺ٨DDб£ųû뵽ȫһ졣
ȫ˵žĨᣬ񼸸ģҲʵ١
DDϢŵģֻܳԺúȺãþУǿҲˣԺͺúˡ

163

үү˵ûֻܷģһˣֶŮ֤ǹӡ
Ͻ˵ˣ˵ĻţѾõĲˣôðŶ˰Ǵ˲ġ
˵ŻһʮⱾ£һܲˣҲ롣
̣̫û׷ˣɲУʲôһѧɻʻʱǵɣǲŽ档
˵žһǰѧɻʻûԼɹһΣԲΡ
˵ɣĿɿڴǲţΪ˵Ļžȡ
ΪԳУ˵ô˵ǾؿǺ˵ģҲԻġ
DDҹԱѧ˵һүүȥ硣
үӿŮʲôʻɻǾ͸ǵġµһŮ˵ʲôʲô˵̫Ҳͬ˵ų޳ɣһ仰Ů˵ʲôԣ
ԣ˼һúֻۣҪ㲻²ͷͺã
磿ðɣɻȥҲǸߴϵүˡ
ãүүҵĵһ˿͡
Ϳʼæµڻ֮ǰеæ꣬ˣװþͷˣѧǰҲܴӷǸϻ
ʱװͼ²޸ĺãϸڵĵط˵˦ֲˡϸֿɿװİʮڶܡҲʹºһһ£ܵĺܺãҲûӣҲܷġ
԰Ůװܵڣװһ棬ëߵ˾ëߣĸŮÿ겻֯ë£ëҲܿá
Щæ꣬Ͳ϶ˡ
ʱѻװãͨһ¶ܺãҲˡѲϷԺտҲģֲĿ·ϸĸ彻ڱϼ¼ã׼ȥǡ
Ѽ½ãûƱӻؾȥǣмʮ졣
ӵ绰ߺܸˣСʱܼˡ
Ȼ֪˿ܲ󣬵˿ȡҲΣһϵΣΣ
߷飬үȥ˸绰˼˿ɸˣϽȥˡ
˵绰ҲûżȰԼһ¥׼ȥ
ճžϽĺԪˡ
ҴҪȥס
ߣôżʲôȥ
˦˦ĳԿףˡ
ȥ£ǽôˣ
ôͲܹһ緹
ʱȷʵ磬뻹ǳ緹ȥҲü˵ֵܶˣ߾ûܾ
߰ɣһȥ緹
ôʹ죬鿴Ҳܲӣ˼ת
ʲôôˣ
ǺǺǨDDûʲôʲô
ɣүŰ죡
ԪǺ˵ʲô⻹ǽߡ
Ǿȥǰݳɣ˵ζ
ԪǺͺȻûүȥ棬Ҳͨݡ
ɵȵ˵طԪɵۣ˼
ǰͨСݣԪǼֱţү档
ߣôԷǰԹ
߿СݣǰӲֵطԷ˵ﲻϰҲ顣˵ƷһطɫͱСӲܳԵصĵζҲ볢ǵصζ
ûԹ
ǣô֪ģǱ˵ģ
ԪһţɵĿߣܾǰһˣ
Ǳ˽ܵģ˵ζ볢
˵ɿˣԪòʶ۹⿴ֻк˲²⣬һת˿ߡ
˽ȥſߵϣϴιԷͬһӡ
ϰкǡ
λʲô棿
߼ǵ˵Ǻ棬Ҳ볢ζ
Ҫ棬Ϻлĺ档
ǰԹ
ûУԹ˵óԣϰ顣
ǺǺǨDDллллŮ㳤ôãӦҲһ㣬һ˵Ҿͼǵá
һ߾£򿪻ϻһ
ǸܺúܺÿŮ䲻󣬳رÿҲܶأܸɾܴ󷽣˵Ƿǿ
ǣҼˣŮϣλӡǲһĺÿˣ͸ǻŮһָɾ˵ҲҲòȥһſڿأãҶûôõŮӡ
ϰһͨ䣬̹ȿԼˣҲλӳ棬㡣
DDллϰпմ档
úãӭǡ
ϰﾫҲûʣʶ˵ˡ
ԪҲҪ˺棬ҲûҲһ뺣档

164

˵ĸӣ֪µûղźϰ˵һ棬˵ӣѵҪˣ
в²⣬ûʣȵͿʼ棬ʲôҲû˵
߳һں棬ζ治˵ĵصķζڷô֪꣬صķζ;ÿϧ
һ棬澢óԣͷҲ˵ζ
óԣû뵽ôóԡ
߰һԵһ㲻ʣԪǾеˣȻȷʵҲɣ
ﲻ죬Ҳһ˸ɾԪǾޱȣ˽춼Ծһ˲Ծ
棬˾ͳϰİ͵ſڣ´١
緹Ҳˣø͸ɣ
ȥˣһ
ˣ»ͷġ
ߣʲôôż
Ԫһֱۣϳ־Ϳˡ
˨DD
ԶȥĳӣԪȦ
˵ȥ˭
˿ʧ·ڣ۾գգǴЦ
ȻǨDD֪
ôͰ߶أ
㲻Կ˶
ҲϳкûͿˡ
ȥ쵰
ų߱룬߿϶ȥˣͲ֪ܴ죿
߸ղŵı飬һϽͷһ߿ȥ
һ·˵Ŀȥ˰СʱңͿһһСˣϽߵǰ棬Լ
DD
ǣһһС˾彡ʣ·´磬ƣһͲһ㣬Ӧүүкм񣬳ĿɰִžϲӦʯͷ
ȥͽӹү˵Ĵк
үүãʯͷãҽߡ
DDúúãǸĺСӣ鷳һǡҹԱҲ鷳տæллˣ
ˣҲûˣ˵Щͼˣүү˵ڼҵأ
úãȻȥ˵Ҳֵܣ
Լүү˵꣬ʯͷòĴк
ãʯͷллǣҲллչҽ㡣
߶СӲðɿʯͷϲСƵ˵Ķã
ʯͷҪҸˣ͸ÿˡ
ãԺ󲻻ҲҪҿ
DDã粻
ǣʯͷ֣үӵһ·ȥͣ
ڸʻϣүӺʯͷں棬һ·ȥ򵥵ĸүӺʯͷܷ֪ĵطʱʱĲһ䣬պܺá
治ǵǷ
үӿ¥ã󣬸̾
үүҪϲҹ±ҵˣǾס
úãҹԱүүסүүҹԱС
ã°ʱҲҵˣеʱ䡣
DDãүү͸ҹԱܡ
ʯͷֻ۰Ͱ͵Ŀүүͽ㣬˭ܱҵأ
߱߿үү̸֪үжŮȻ֪үӳŮĳ̶ȱĺ˻ĵľ롣
үվڴſڵˣԻһӣү죬߳ǰҲڴĵ
ˣ㿴ǲǰߵĳ
ûүӵǺߵĳԶԶʻҲĸ죬ˣ
һԵүڣվһЦ
ǺǺǨDDүүûǰߵĳ
˵ɣɽյ˫ֳ
үӸ˵ĳŴſȥҲŹȥ
ߵĳͣȣүӾȲĹȥЦǺǵĿŴӳ
DDˣүүأһ·ۻ˰ɣ
үүôվأֲˣԼͽȥˣվȶ಻ʣ
ûû£үүˣҵ嶼ˣ׳ʵأDD
Ҳ֪˵ʲô˼Ҹ˾ͺá
ʱߴ򿪺ţүҲӳˣվһԵүӣ˵ĴЦ
DDϵܣˡ
үˬʵЦҲ˾ԸܺãҲֱദ
ŴӳˣƲһ㣬Ҳϰ£Ͱվ˺ʺá
ү³ִ򿪳ʯͷ˳үӵҲȻǧٱһԼС
ߺûмҴүʲôʱ˿Ŷ붼룡

165

лл磡
ʯͷòȵĶߵл˿ŹϵҲܲ
DDÿʯͷ˵𣿡
òǺ˵òĺŻϲģ
ʯͷҲˣүӸ˵͹үӵ־ֺǡ
үүãҽʯͷ
Сʯͷӭүүҡ
ллүү
DDϸ簡ӭӭ롣
˵ľүӵֳԺȥ˱߱ģȻǵһμ棬֪˻ΪǶĺأ
߿վԼſڶĺֵܣ˼ת˿
ô
һУ˫ֲڿ㶵һνӣڡ
·͹үү
˵һվһԵЦݲãһ۷⣬ùʶĿ
ˣôû˵𡣡
Ȼһ֮Ե治ôϤ񱾲ߵĺֵܣòͼ򵥵Ļһ䡣
ʱŸġ
һ使εһ߶Ǻ۷䣬ҲһˣҲʲôͬԡ
ģȽȥˡ
ˣתͽ˴š
ЦݣŽȥű⡣
Ҫǻ˼Ǿɵˣ
ѹĲ죬ҲŴȥ
Ҳȥɣ
Ȼ뷨Ϊʱԡ
һԼ·̧Ҳ߽š
ȥԺ˵Цүæݲ裬ү΢Цţʯͷɵڽߡ
ˣרһȥǡ
үүˣӦõģ˾ͷĵ棬⵱Լҡ
үӼ߾ϲҪŮæ治泤رڵĺүҲЦÿġ
⺢Ҳãһ˲ţ治ǵˮţ
үӴˬ죬Ҳǰһүʺá
үүãǰߵĺֵܺ
DDúãǸúӣܺá
ߺͺǶ棬졣
ԵţҰҪȻ
DDԼиӾˡ˰ѵĶͦȥͺá
͸㲻㡣
ǾҪԼ뿪㣬뿪ԼҲ鷳û˼
˵ûϸ簡ииŮ
DDͷԿ䣬ҵĹԱ϶õĺӡ
үôһ˵Ҷʱ޿үӵĿ£ƤҲǺһĳ̶ˣС棬˿ûò˼
õүүŻõŮ
DDûҹԱүүܸɡ
үԿģʽʽҲĽζͬʱҲڸ̾үʯͷνһţΪϰˣϰ߱үүӣϰǻޡСƵĶǣͬͷžϡˡ
ȲȲ裬ϸ糢ô
үӶ豭һڣȳƵĸоŸˬ
DDǺò裬´ȸõĲ衣
ү죬ԼĲǶõˣ⻹õĲǵʲôĲҶˣҲ˼ƽϡ
úã͵ϸҺȺòˣ
ûû⣬ŮТҵĺò裬۸Ҳúóζû˵һڻڡ
иѽϸ磡иŮҼõĺӣб£
DDҲ˵ҽҹԱҪ˵ڶû˸˵һʦһҹԱи
ү˵ŮһһԺˣͬΪүүүӣĲУôŮأ
ҽû˵ҲܳɫŶ󰡣
ûУĶСС֣СӼҼҵϲϲھڣͷں涥ګҵĹԱҲģ
ҲˣԼʼҵˣǰˡ
DD棬СʱͰģͰֵذֻģĵˮʲôģϲͷ档
үһ˾
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ԼʮڸʮأǮַſڣʮӣ
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ǲ࣬λεĲ࣬СĲࡣϵһҫֻŬŬԼҲⷢ׷ĽŲ
˼ĬԼһЩԽͻȻʧӰ١еǰ̧ͷĸоΪһˣһŮӱȥ̫࣬˦ȥ̫ԶԼӦúúõ룬Ժô׷ĽŲŲڱ˦̫Զ
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ȾǸƣܺãļ紺ʺϻݵһڸױƷʺϡ
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DDôõ԰Ӷõ˼˼ҾͺƤˣ
DDⶼʲôһеòأ
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ү˳Ա㣬һѶŻؼҡ
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ڶûɽ飬߾ֿģҲæŰŲ߻顣
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ʱȥ˺ʵĵطѳá߾͹˵ô룬Ȼ˺ϻǾͶҪǮȻҲܳõĺúú
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ԼͨˣҲһҲĪеҪãеᣡ
Ǹˣ費룬ԷĵغദĲʧȥѣΪܳɫҲ㣬Ҳϣһӵĺѣýá
ڶһ磬үӺʯͷ뿪ǻؾֻǻؾʱһүӣ߿ȥ
ܳȥ棬үҲǷǳˣŷңһ·ү˵˵ЦЦ鲻һáŵӣ˼Ժ󣬿Цѡ
Ʊڵʱүڻͷһۺŵӡ
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ҶүӸ˵ֱЦסҴ꣬Ҳָرã˾Ҳãܳ˯űǰ᲻١

172

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DDúúãˣҶطˡ
үүĶһֱţүүҶүүкüүүûأаһҾɱңǺǺǡ
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Ŵĳʵү嵭ζĲҲ˼˵үӳԵĻͦ⡣
컹ûڣүӾʹүԺһȦǰԺҲһſһȦ
ϰүӰס¥ʯͷȥԺס
ʱ䣬үӾϤˣû¾ڼԺӺͺĹ԰תƣ˼Ҳرϲÿ첻ڹ԰תƣ޹ҪôǺүǺȾƺȲ裬ӹÿˣԶڷǵӱ˼Ժ
ĵԺʿҴҵ˶ٷүӻүӼ˺һپƣŲ뿪ˡ
µĴ·ȷϺͼ£ڿǰϼˡЧĻҪ񣬵һеķװһգһڵĴеϲϻֻкǰһ޹޹ûʲôЧⷴԽԽ𱬡ʵûֻܼӹùϼӰӵ㡣
԰Ůװ𱬣԰DDϵеëһϼҲҪƷʺã۸ҲʣҪɫǳǳƯصɫͬϵɫ嵭󷽣Ҳʱ˵
һڣշһëĲˣָϽǴ绰׷ӶɰԶڷǵëϰ˻ˣ
ھŮԣϲ԰ĻƷ˼Ŷһ԰˵·˼˵Լһʱ䣬˭ûһʵëߣ˼
ģƷе˼ס԰ϵǳɹġ
һ̯鴦ãͿѧˡ
үҲ˿ʮˣĸֺǣûҪطǡ

173

ѧһں󣬾е񶼰źˡ绰Ĵߴ£ļ٣үһطˡ
үӴ̹ڣǴδйĿģ룬źһطǡ
үߵʱᣬ˵ȥͻһؾ
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ϵܻȥӾ͸ϽǵأһʱǵĲ˾ˣ߲˳ԣҪ
ԶԶԣϵܣȥϽһǻһȲأһڷǶġ
ôһ˵ү˲䶼طˡ
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DDҪҪȻǾͰˡ
үӿϻӾͿڶ
˵ǼɲңңҼͻ
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һ·үڳ䡣
˼Ҳܡ
үүˣȥ죬Ҵ飬үһ
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DDúúãġ
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СʱԺ͵˷ǣүӳͿˡ
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үӱ仯ر󣬶̶ʮʱ䣬ɫ˺ܶ࣬Ҳ˺ü꣬ʵ߾ȡ
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һ·ֱӻլһˣסﶼС⼸ԾסңúҲ㡣үȻǸˣҲϲ
ڷ죬ΪָԿҵֺеĹͻݡȻְѳźãں¾ͽߡͻȥʱ䣬ٵǰĩʱ䣬ܹоʱ䣬ʱԻȽϿԣ
ǵĵ죬ߵҲͷˡȥһ˲г˼ֲһĸߵϣΪ԰װ׼
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174

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ĺҲͣ³ԷĶ
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¶𣿡
΢Цҡҡͷһ۸ˡ
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Ļе㲻̫סѵڷǺ𣿡
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DDڷǶԼ֪𣿡
ȷ𣿡
ҽ㻹б𣿡
Ҳɣ
Ķ˵ν治ںЩʱ׸
˵޻ģôţϰʱһˡ
ˣá
ллϰ
лá
ϰɴˬȥ˺
ڵĺˣ˵æµһҲȷʵˣûܶˣӾͳԡ
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175

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Ҳ֪ʲôζܶ˻𳵣ǰŮȴ𷿳ˣ׷ϲ٣
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죿ô˵أȷʵһЩǰرװʱͼͼҲæһЩƤëҲЩôܸ˵أֻܴӣɣֻ˵һˣ
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ͼֽóү˾Χ˱߿߸ǽԼ
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ϸظǽԼƵķãϸǺķǰҲõģûʲôϡ棬ֻǷʱֱڡ
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ôһ룬ͻȻ̫ܷҿ󡣺ҪͼֽĻҲԺܺõ̫ܷ壬հ׵򿪸

176

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հ׵ĵطҴװһ̫ܰ塣
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ʵǲ֪˵ʲôãͼֽмĿ֪ô˵¶ˣ˵ʲôûá


177

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һٷемܲסҺû緹ģҪȻǲܡ
극ڰҿ
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㳢ζ治ҺϲԣרԵġ
ԵˮˮˣȥгרŸġ
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˰ֺͰ費ԣȣôӣ˵Ķװأ
尢̣ллǣ
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лл㣡ʵлл㣡ҪȻҪȻи̣Ҳ͡
˵Ĩᡣ
̱ô룬˾ǸĵڼžУ
лл񣬰̾㣬˵ʲôʲôֻ㡣
ڸдӣӿԳԵ¸£¸һһˣʱٻӳԣٳ԰ϾͿͣҩˣԺС
DD㿪㿪㿪ʲôͳʲôˣ
ͷߣ˿ҩܿʲôأ
ֿҩ뿪ˣߵʱ˺üǰͰǿģû취óȥֱӷϵġ
Űҵĺüһ·صҡ
ȥүӺڿү˵ʲôڹЦ
DD
үүʲô˼ôˣ
үǸˣһ߾еί
DD˵ױ¶أ
ױòûҪ޵ŮҲôһ硣
ݼҵŮҪ𣿡
ôһʣүӸǴЦֹеߵĿ˿
DDûŮҪ飬ǸС׼ױ
еͬߣүү˺е
ٿߣһϴŽôأе㲻ס˼һŮˣ¶ҲʣҲûʡ
ո˵үүǸϲξ͸ױСӻ⡣
үҲһôһӣ˼һŸ޳ȥ˵ܺ
ǺǺǺǨDD˼Ҹ˾ͺá
DD˵Сˣ
ȥүӰɳԱߵһӴ򿪣һӶǮ
ˣүһǮǸʲô˼
ǡ
ϲεǮϴβߵżǶ˼ҲûӰⲻˣϲζŶˡ
һǮ֪ϲεļ۸رá
һٶʮ򣬻ͷð߸תȥ
үүǲһ㣬ôǮ
˵Ż˼Ĵָɰ˼Ҹ˻ˡ
DD飬үүôҲ׵
һˣȥиתȥɣ
߰߰ɣ
ںĳӻ֡
һ־һĽˣ뵱ʱø򵱸лǮ붼ԼС
DDͲȥ𣿡
ǺǺǺǨDD治£޼֮Ǯ治ں
ʲô޼֮㵹˵˵
үҲؿ
үү˼ҳ⣬ǿɲһˡϽ߰ɣҰүүߣⱲӶˣҿ׬ˣ˵ǲǰүү
⻰˼ôô̹˵ֱЦ
DDԶԣϽ߰ɣҾ͸ؾˣھҲˡǮǻأ
߿ǰһһСЦҲֺǺǵɵЦһûбĲ졣

178

Ҳ£Ҳȥ档
ȥȥȥæȥҸŲأ
˴Ժÿ춼ֺǺǶģ߸˵ģ߿Ҳ֪ΪԭϲҲТ˳ˣ˼ҲŸֺǡ
ϳڿ죬߳ȥһͶ˸ӣүӵѺӸ
Ҳ֪ʲô˼Ҳû򿪿Ȼ֪ʲô֪ܹ֮Ķ
𣿡
үֻܺȲ裬ʲôҲ˵
е㲻˼˵ͷ
򿪿ϲϲ
򿪺ӣһˮΡֻһһֻǾӨ͸ˮΣʽɴ󷽣ȻǶ󣬵һ˼
ôˣ
ôģˣֻǽóүﰵ롣˼ʲô˵һȲ裬װʲôûʲôҲû
ôһʣе˼ˣ輸ϵĲ豭˿ڲ衣
ңҿͦÿģ˾ˣɸɾľúʺʡҲͦæģǺϻףһ¡
үӷ²豭ҡҡͷȻķе㲻⣬ʲôû˵š
Ӻ̧ͷ˿үӣЦſԼֿ˿ߣ˵Ҳе˺ϻ⣬͸ҲԼҪҪҲʲô
ûвˣһŲҲˡ
ϲ𣿡
ˮͦÿģҺϲƽʱôΡ
ôһ˵˵Ҫ
ûû£ϲͺã·óҲð
ҲǣȻԼôΣżһҲУˮԼͦϲġ
õģˣллߡ
ллϲͺãϲͺá
ּ˷ܣ΢Цؿ۾ﶼСǡ
ĺӣüͷֱ£ʲô뷨
ûô;ˡ
ʲôأҲ֪Ҫʲôϲʲô˵ҸҲһ
ǾСģȥСԴϣɰôôϡ
߻ûôشأүӾ͹ЦĿˡ
ʲôͣүүģһȥƬҶˡ
ϵүӼ򵥵һ仰׻Ǵ˼ģֻûô࣬ΪүӸЦϣ
ǺǺǨDDǺãүүģһȥƬҶӸ
Ȼһֱүү˺ʱ˿̵ָмүү
УʲôУһҲС
һݣҲ߰ﲹ䡣
κл˷䣬ڿռ﷭˰죬Ҳû뵽Ҫʲôߡ
ȥҩһƿҩ׼ߡ
˸緹߾Ϳүүȥ
ڻǻʱҪ͸ߵҩ
ææĴӰͳȥ͸ߡ
Ҳ֪ʲôƿţвβû壬ܲġ
ҩߣĵСͺүӽǻڡ
үִ֣ҴתͷСض˵
СӿСĵҲˣû¾ڼűȥϹΣԼеɸɾģҪ㡣
߰Сҩƿ߬˲ѡ
үүģҲϹһ񡣡
Լͺãʱ㣬޶ûطߡ
ԼӣүӰŤͷͽ˵ǻڣҲǸϼ޻
ֱүүӰ߲ŽŲߡ
ԴԺ󣬷ϲȦ˶֪ҴүԺạ̃Ⱦơ𵽹˾°ͻؼңŮ˵ţٲȻһԹе󡣶ٴСķĶϣԼ֪
ͬһΣͬһʱ䵽үӲŵңﶼ׼÷˾͵ǡ
DDҹԱˣɻˣ鶼æ˰ɣ
үүģæˣ¸ȥ߿أ
DD߿žͷģס
ү˵͸ϽһߺȲүӡ
˵ϵܣôȥأǲģ
˵үһ˳泩ôôˣȱ趼㡣
DDô¶ҷԲ£˰ɣǿɵúúҺȼҲ
DDϼһˣ˼ҸԼˣȾ˰ɣ
DDʲôס㣬㻹˵ʲô㣬ʲôζ˯̹Ұʹﲻˡ
DDã⻰Ұ̤̤ʵʵϸҲ
DDǺãһб뷨أȥ棬ǿɲܶң
᲻ᣬֻܸţǶҹԱȥ棬棬ԳԺóԵģҲùˣ

179

˵ƾɺͽˣϻͷͲмһǴӼӹġƾɹҲȥæˡ
壬ǵˣ
DDҲǸյɽϢ
߶ϰӰأ
DDӰüӰãһȳԳԣúò
ɰ׼Ȳ̫С
ǣԼȣĴȶϰʲôʾ
ôû˼ˣôСүү㼦ȶүүȶôҲøţȰҪڲ۾͸Ūͷţ£
DDҹԱ󷽡
ҵļСˣ
DDɰ

ǺǺǨDD㡭嵱
⻰˵ģҿû˵ǺǺǡ
˵Ҳû¶Ҳ
ǺǺǨDDǿɲУôΣһ˲ţӢǸʲôʲôģ˴ʡһ֡
DD
DDãԺҲʡ֣
DD񰡣Դôôô
ǺǺǨDDѾͷڿʼ˵ˣ벻ǲԷ𣿡
̣ô˵Ͳ˰ôõ˻ô뷨𣿼첻һ㶼ɰˣ
ǺǺǨDDҰûɰ˵һɰ͹ˣǶòϡ
ðɣ㲻ɰ˵㣡
ǺǺǨDD壬ǶѾͷûˣ˵ôأƤ˭˵
DDⰡһȥúĥɣ
˵˵֣Ŵеĺִˡ
˨DD
úãˡ
һү˾ˣŴһɤӺ˼ҶӶһ˼ܳܺȣ֣ȫ̹
һٷֵĳ꣬λүӺƾһ˵ЦѴָҡ
үү岮·ЬӣǸ̵·һЩɻǶЩǸʯͷ·ߣһЩʳǡ
ȥ˷ǣÿضҴССҪôԵҪôģССѶзݣĸһЩռﻹвأ͸ͬѧʦүǵģҪһЩɻ·ʳˮʲôġ
ǺǺǨDDҰĸˣԵĴõģͷŶðģ֪ˣ
̣Ҳ̫˰ɣ㶫֪ˣС嶼ȡЦġ
ǺǺǨDDС֪ʲôѽȡЦң
ðɣ˵㡣
극ȥϢˣΪڶкܶҪæ
ڶһ磬극ͿųȥæˡȥתſһȦһȦ͹˴ǣת͵緹ĵʱˣȥү䷹ԡ
񵽵ʱμûûԷ
ˣæ˰ɣ
үүҲǱ˰æá
ƣߵĶк˰æ
ǣүүһһĴˡ
DDǣһľûˣҲǺˣˡ
ߺˣʲôʱģ
ξϵŸΧȹӺˣͷγ
´ۣ˵ͦпͷξ걾ͳúÿΧȹһϵĪͦζ
ſξ껹ԭת˼ȦȦ԰ڵ񿴸
ôÿɣ
ǺǺǨDDÿͦζ
үҲˡ
DDϽȥȥ԰ڣ۾ۡ
ˣҾͳһԷ
ҽרܹ䷹ġ
ģСķͦࡣ
û£ҳǷݶ
DDúãԽԽæûʱпվ͹ԡ
үӸ˵꣬ξͽˡ
ߺҵĹֶŮҵĺֶŮ
ˣϹ½лʲô㣿
DD֣ǣ㿴Ǵ˶ٶ㿴㿴ԵĴĺȵĶУпڸˣ
ûڸˣȻõˣϹ£ϽȥʢǸϽԷˡ
ǣȥϵĸζۣѽ·ߵĹβͲݡ
Ǹ·ߵĹβͲݶأβͲݿŻͦƯġ
֣Ҿһ䣬ǲģ
DDȥװȥҲʡˡ
ֶŮడ
شӰͳһǵݸ
ţԿǾͲˡ
ѾͷԽԽɰˣôŪ塣
ǺǺǨDDǰҲ˼ɰСΧȹһϵɰʮְ
DDʮֿɰ𣿡
ǺǺǨDD˾УһٷֶҲС

180

緹ںϢ񽲷ǵ顣
ſڶʹ˾ұܱ߽С
ϣڲڣ
ֻһӱһСкŻŵܽͷɫ԰ף滹һĸŮӦǺӵ衣
ֱӳãүӣֹסĵᡣ
ϣȾȺӡ
ҲŵĽӾͿޡ
үӻæվǰͲ鿴ӵ
ҲվȥӵֻһСкɫ࣬촽ڣ˫۽գ΢ӻСףʲôҧˡ϶Ǳҧˡ
үӼӺ΢֪
ϽѺӱ
үָָǽǱ߶СϽѺӷ档ӵļȥѺСĵطСϡŮҲײײվӱϾС
үӰѺӵĿһȶ׵Ĳӣ˼ˡ
Ӷˣôű
ӽ˫ۿ죬ͷĨĨᡣŮֱӷޣ߿ޱߴԼ
ءҡңȥˣϻ˵ۣû¡ϡءûҲûܣҽȥһӾͳˣءңҸ
Ů˿޵ģ޵𣬱ϵ˿ۣȭͷҲûҲԹѡ
үȻǱ˼ҵļ£Ҳ˵ʲôϽʩȡ
˼æ˰죬һأ촽ԽԽڡ
үεҡҡͷŮ˾ͻ赹ڵأӶڵҲͷʹޡ
Ҳ˲ʲôˣϽȥӵƤӰͳһСҩƿһż۴СҩιүӸϽСĵˮι˼ˮֵҵǺӻȥˮ
ӰүҲûմϵŮ
үүʲô˵
ȰѺӵ½⿪þƾؿڵλá
úúá
үСĿٵĽ⿪µĿӣþƾؿϴ
񣬺ˡ
ţүүѺӵĿҲ˰ɡ
׼ȵںؿ˼룬үĸӰǿӡ
źӵȶ׵˴ȸүۡ
̫ˣӶˣ⡭
û˵һСںСȵ˿ڴһʮֿڣ˳ѨλѹȳڵѪˮ˳˿
ʮӣӵȲſѪɫ
ȻںϵļѨλ˼룬үĿѧϰԲεĸĸһֱûҲûʡ
νҲˣŻ赹ڵصŮĺͶڵϱͷӣˣΪ̫ˡ
˷ҲϰɣǻᾡȵģôҲǸ¶
ĨĨᣬ̧ͷһξַ꣬ڵϵԱߵϡվڼ֮ԶŴϵĺӡ
Ρϣôܡ
ûȥõĻش
үӿȰ䡣
ҲЪɣҲھӶ˲šȸղźõˣŰɣ
үɫ壬Ҳ˵ʲô˻ȥﾲš
һӵɫԺ˺ܶ࣬촽ĺɫҲȥ֪ҩЧˡ
үӿҲġ
úúã˺ˣǻˣˡ
үô˵ӸϽվڴǰŵĺɫ˲٣źӵС־Ϳޡ
ءžͺãššá
Ҳ֪˵ʲôӵĸĸܲףǴĴⲻ۵ĽڣΪӲһһӣһĺӺû⣬ʱҪ˺ӵ
ѾΣգԷˣ
ô˵վмظүӾϹ
ϣлл̫лˣλСлл㣡лл㡭
ˣû¾ͺã𳳣úӺú˯һ
˵ڴߣźӵСֶſ
ĶˣҲΣգֻǵȴȴ
絹Ҳûʲô̫Ҫ飬ҲֻһȣȺȷûԺܷĵ뿪
ξøôôҽΣʱ߼ǣүֺǺǵڱ߶ţԹγݲͣҲýζ
ӰѺӸȻˡ
үӺŲǷĵĽ
񰡣ɲ˽أ彲װףֻҪѧ֣ȥˣ
㻹£ſڶȥ̤ʵŰɣ
ξһŴµĻĸΣ׵ô͸͸

181

װ֣ܱܲôӣԽԽȰˣ
ξεıԹװ֣뻽һŴȸ֮ģֻǡ
ˣҶûдȰ
Ȱ


ξһģ˲䱻װ̣Ĳӣһ߶Ĵֶӣôô˳ۡ
үүô۸ң㶼ʾһ𣿡
γΪѵĿүӣֿξꡣ
ô죿
㡭ҡ
ͻȻе˵ȥˣصɴ۾Ŵֶӡ
һ߶ȥ۾ۡ
С壬ˡ
СӣҾͲôţȥϴƻȥ͸ɡ
ϻ͸ɰɣʲôġ
γ˵꣬Ͻ˺߶
٣Сӡ
ίͰ͵Ŀ
ֶŮôأڼˮȣϵҲ۸СҲ۸˵ҿ಻ࣿ
ǺǺǨDDҿƤ
⺢ӣô˵壬ҿǴˡ
ǣǴˣá
ǣϵµóһ˲ţ˹İܻ
DDС˵˾˻е֪֮
ǺǺǨDD˵ǺǺǡ
үЦʵӵЦײ
Ц꣬һĿξ꣬ض˵
ֶŮøúѧѧǫ龢û˸ϵϣһ˶ô˵ԼǺǺǡ
ǣǫҽ
DDСӣأ
װֵĸ̣ûˣ
ǺǺǨDD壬ȷʵнʱֶŮ
ǡ
DDû⡭
˴СʱӲɫת˹
ιȥĺˣڴ߿źӣǼȥźʶ
СԻˣ㡭ˡء
˵žͿˡ
СһңӦС԰ɣԼеԶ󿪡
Сˣˣûﲻ
ӵİְָ˵ӵͷŵš
СԣСһң
֡֡
DDְأء
DD
Сԣأ衭Բء
ȥûʲôˣеҩԳԣúЪ¾Ͳˡ
ûʲô⣬һϿҩȥӰųԳԣúɣеˡ
úúãллС̫ллˡ
ÿӽŶӦġ
Слл㣡лл㡭
СǸʲôƺһʱҲ벻ףֻҪСһҾУ
ʣµүӿţͿԷĵ뿪ˡ
үүæɣҾˡ
úãæģпչ档
ֶ߰Ů㡣
ǺǺǨDDǾ鷳˹ĵˣ
˵⺢Ӳ԰
ԲԵľˣû취ǺǺǺǡ
ξ͵ſڣ˲Žȥ
үӱӿҩֹ
ǽãҪӿɾͲ˵ˣ
ǣллϣһúøлġ
ӵİְֿлүӡ
û¾ͺãҲá
𿪳һ·ֱӻؼңͣſڣȥװ俴һȦȻԺƽȥƵһԺ
Ժ˼ںȲΩϣȻҲڡ
ŴڳæµɽͺδͰ꣬ȫŰػƹڿţˮ۵Ĵ߲Ǽ˵үӺΩϣһʯͷԹԵһš
ˣ
лƹϵȫȿ
ҹԱˣȥһˣۻ˰ɣ
ۣæˣȥүүһٷϸӲˣһŻ
úãҪҹԱܸɣ
ǣҿϡˣ
үﰵ롮Ҳϡ񡯣ֻ⻰ֻ룬ɲ˵Ҫүӻ۵ġ
ү˵ţ˿һߵΩϣСûģһΩϣ
Ωϣ֪Եɣֻоһ˫۾ŤͷһүӻĶеĪ
үòЦЦ͸к
ˣ
ۣôҲû뵽
ôǲʲô¶
ΩϣһЦ豭˿ڲ衣
DDүү
үһۣߣ˭һأ˵ͷʲôÿģСһûƨ
үӼΩϣﺬЦ񣬴Ҫ˵ʲô˼ҸϽڽغ
СϣȲ衣
ллүү
Ωϣ豭һڲ衣

182

һߵ˵ȥǵûˣү˵ˡ
Сϰж𣿡
үһʣ˶Ωϣ
Ωϣɨһҡҡͷ
ûШDD
⻰Ωϣ˵ĸɾ䣬ɡ
DD˵ǲżæҵ
үӵǺǺЦˣΩϣôһ˵ﰵԸˡ
үү˵ǡ
һߵүӶ豭һڣϴЦŴΩϣ룬϶ˡ
ΩϣЦĿ񣬿ûյ䡣
ô
ͦģܷ
˵⻰үӾ͹Ц
DDΩϣүүǷˣ֪ʲôүү׼㽲װס
ΩϣεȾˣȻ֪үΪʲôôǾе
ллүүлȥһ˷ǡ
ãȥүүԺóԵġ
ãǵʱ߶үүˡ
үﰵ룬ûСӸ˵仰Ҳ̤ʵ
˨DD
˵ķ꣬ȷе˵үС̱˶֪˼Լͦ˵ġ
ŴϤĺүӾøĺΩϣøУүӵĵǣҲΩϣΡ
ԷʱүҲȣΩϣߣԶԶĸ˵ϵ仰үٺʲ
һٷΩϣû˵һ仰ֱ뿪ʱ򣬲źһ
Ωϣ뿪ү̹͸˴ʤƵġ˲֪˼ҵ˼Ωϣео
֪үиӵʱĴҲеԭˡ
µľе΢䡣һһѧУ˾Χʶ
ȥˣôô٣
׵ľ԰£̽һ
ǰǲʲô飿Ǵûٵˣôôļ٣˵˵ɣ
ڵİ֮ģԽԽˣĺ
˵˵£ǲʲô£ǡ
㼷üŪ۵Ŀӣв룬Ҳ
ƵشӰͳǵϡ˵עϺÿСȥ
ٵأҪѡһɣ
ٺٺ٣ʲôɰ϶ȥ¶£ЩҪȸҿҿʲôѽãǷƯ滹أ
԰ʲô˼ûˣȰǿ֣ſС
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ڵǻУĸƯҲ
ˣҲ˰Ե¶
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ﳵͬԶͿټſ˽˳ַǷʲôϲ¡ǰʱ䣬ټԺǸŮ½ɣ
ȻϤҲ˼ȥʣֱӽԼԼԺӡ
֪ǣٵСԶͿȻܽԺӡ
ţܺãһԺддư԰԰Ĺ滮ûʴžͱˡ
顭
˭أһƬҲֻкʶȻʣȥš
Եȣ˨DD
ֽʣϽȥţһȻ
Ҳű򿪵һֱֱ̣ض񿴡
ʹ࣬м尾һЩ񿴲׵˼֪ʲôˣɫܲãҲࡣ
һȴţÿ
Ű뿪ţԺﾹԶԣ֪ʲô£ôͷţԲ
ǳʲô𣿡
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粻ɣиò˶ǶûӡȳԷģ·ɻһ·ҲڵĹۣȳԷ
ллүү
үӵ飬ߺܸм

194

ԼӻҪԼ̣үֱӿڸǽϵЩˡ
Ҷүүλүү߶ŲǳԵķ˶Ų˼ġλ߲бµˡβҲ͵ˡ󲮣úúþš壬̣ӣǿɶǺģҲҪõҪᰤġ
һֻЦƾɵ̧ͷɨүһۣûʲôͷҲû˼ү˼߸֪үү
ģô࣬һԺܸѧ㶫أ
DD⵹Ҳǣ˾ӦûѧϰҹԱױС꣬Ժ黥Ŷѧϰɣ
үƷҲ֪֪ף˼ҲԸŮѧϰѧϰϵ¶һûү˼
үү˵ǣǻѧϰæɣ
߰ԼүүĽһһغϵ˴кһٷҲ˺üơ
ү飬λҲÿͣˬ졣ﰵֲԼүүﲻȥ˺÷ҲãҲ̹һֱסﲻߵĸо
߰ԺĿͷŵԺֻʯͷˣһҲʲô¡үﰵˣҲＤ͡
ڴϵ߸˵޷˯һ֮ȷе˵֮Ժܹͷʯͷסһ䣬סڵڶ䣬ʯͷס䰤м鷿Ϳķķм䷿ʹҲ˷ܼ˵Ĳѣڷûеģ֪ԼҲˣ
߶˵˯Ѿռ俪ʼ֪ʱڿռ˸裬˼ȪˮѾ˯˯һ
ڼеʱˣʱ࣬ڴϾŸڷĶֱߵʱ򣬸ڵš֨ҲһӴžͿԺﳿ
ֻһͨıʽֿȵԺšһɫƮݵ˼ƮƮɵĸоһ½Ʈ˸о˷ȥ߲ԾĿԡһһʽжȣȻҲܿ⹦ס
ıŷߡ
˯úô˯ǲǳˣ
ûУ˯úܺã˾ˣû뵽ܿôĽ
Լô˵ҲûǫҲû
аɣ
ˣ
ǰĹƲ㣬Ｘͼꡣ
üˡ
ɣ
࣡öôʹ񣬵˿û࣬ΪϲΪϲûÿࡣ
ϲͲࡣ
ҲǣϲԻĸԸ
⻰˵ԼĿˣûΪϲΪʲôԸ⣬¶˶һ
ȥϴˣһҪȥѧأ
ãȥɣ
ϴתݿٵϴٴδѾʰ룬ˬˬվԺſںʯͷ
һȥǰԺŴࡢ󼦵Ͱͷһͷһ󼦵һ࣬ȻҪȥѧ
ҲԵĲгת˼תһº࣬Ͻվ߹ȥ
ﳵȥѧ
һ㶼ﳵ
ҿĳȥѧУɣһϤĳҿһ³ȥһȦҲϤϤ·ԺҲ㡣
ſڶҲţҪ쾩·ȻҲûԼȥѧԼֲ㣬Ҫֿܾˡ
ģҲȥ㡣
ҲģѧУԣ硭
ȥ㡣
ðɣҸ˵һ·ȥһȦϤ·ʵܺߡ
߰ס˷ܣͬڳ͵˴˸кϽһŶ
ȥȥɣȥúھתһȦһ緹С
ү˵׻͵ãŮѧϤ·ģ￴Ҳϲ˼Ҫ֪Ĵ㣬֪кθ룡
ǺǺǨDDȥ棬ǲһڼҲסȥϤϤ·ҲãԺȥȥתתҲ㡣
үȻ޳ɣȥѧҲּɣֻǻǵøҸڲ
ǣȥ棬˺ǼͷӴһʲô˼
үҲͬ˼Ҹ뵽бʲô
߿ųĿŵȥѧӴʯͷ

195

·ʯͷѧУУţһ·ֱѧУ
綼Ϣ𣿡
Ϣ
ѧУﻹ᣿
ûУѧУиСԺӣһϢ
Ժӣ˼ֿʼ磬ʲôԺҲȥơ
һȥǱ߶ԺӣԼ߹ȥ
ô˵ߵȻ֪뷨ΪעĽ̸۵Ķ󣬶û˵ʹӦ
ãߵ㣬һ緹һؼҡ
ҲУʱܳԣ߳ԸҲûʲôԣʹӦˡ
ãԺӵԿ׸һѣҪžʹţԸͳȥתһȦһ緹
ãҿԺӣȻȥϤһ·̣һ緹
ŨDD
˰԰ŶתһȦԺӸ˵ˣһԿףʹҴҵȥѧˡ
ԿףŴҴ߳ͬŮߺ⡣ڵĹϵãദҲȻ֪żֻһһ߽
ûﳵȻѧУԶߵĺܴæճͬڶﳵͬ١
ȥѧס⣿
ûУϸչ
˵ͿٳǰһЩˣû뵽ǸӼҺˣЦЦ
٣㻹ǸˣŬӴ
ұ˵еĪ˿˳ֿ˿ǰĲˣʲô˼΢΢ɬһЦ
˾Ǻˣ
ǰ˹˼һĶǺˣúŬӻҸ
ҸǰЦ绨ŮҲȷʵҸܿҲһҸ
ǣҸԺҲҪҸ
ģȥѧˣͷġ
ӻ֣Ҵҵֱ߳ͬӰųߣҸ
ﵽſھͿͣſڵĳͰ뿪Ժţȥ뻹ˡǰ߾ʹ򿪴ųˣ˴˸棬ͻ˵ͷųͻؼңվſ˼
վһϴţųȥƾȥתһȦѧУػת˼ˣϤ˸ѧ˲ſص԰
ߵûͻˡ
¿ûе͸ϽˣΪߵȶˣϾ˼ǿˡ
ˣϢһ¡
ˮŲ裬Ҳ½ӹĲ
үˮû뵽
DDǰչ˵Ҳûô
ҿûô˵㣬˵ҲͽҲϹֻ˵ǽɣ
һǲ󣬴СҲƤµЩҲȥɹñһȤԺѧѧⷽ飬ʱԼҺԺֲҲõġ
ǺǺǨDDүѧȻû⣬ʱӭ
Ǿô˵ˣʱͻᾭүүҲѧѧ֪ⷽʶǷǵĻҲõϣʱɲҷ
ģᡣ
ô˵ߵĳ׷ˣŻȥúúôϵ飬ʱ
ˣʲô𶼵ķ˲֪ԲԵϰߣҳȥԷɣ
ãղȥһȦǰи󷹵꣬ȥǶԣ͡
Ƕ಻ʣǿˣһӦ
DDãǽ鷳ϰˣ´һ㡣
˵˵үˣ
DD
˵˵ЦЦųһ͵˵Ĵ󷹵꣬ԭϴδڵǳԷǸӪ󷹵ꡣ
ﰡܻط
Թ
ͼͬѧԹһΡ
ͬѧѰ˼ͬѧŮͬѧֻ룬⻰ʣҲʡ
Թζ϶ɣ
Уͬѧ˵ͦóԵġ
ͬѧ˵ͦǿ϶ˣҽҲúó
ٲҪܳԣʲôʲô
˽ȥһ¥ĴѡһСλܿԱͰѲ˵ù
㿴ɣʲôԼ㣬ȻˣѼǱزٵġ
߽ӹ˵涼Ŀһ顣
ãģһֻѼľײˣһ㿴ô
ѽ㿴ûбԵģԲǿԴҲϲײˣ
ôһʣ߾֪ײˣȻûԹˣǵͷ
һᰮԣȻûԹҾζ϶
ǺǺǺǨDDһҪúóᰮԵĲǸʲôζԻ治˵
ѵңײ˱ͺܺóԡ
һúóˣʳʲô׷
ʲôʳ
ҳһСը棬ըζҪҪҲҲ
ðɣҲһСը档
ǾҪһ˷ųô
˷ֱòˣߵȻû
ðʡóʦƫĸ١

196

үȱԵûôС
DDⲻСС˻Դǣﲻƽ
аɣһֻⶼ㡣
DDͷԵĶĵĺˣҲ
ǣȾƣġ
˵Ҷ˼ڷҶûȥԹ´ȥҲȥúóԳԡ
ðٹпҪȥһ˷ǣʱٴͿⲻˡ
һа¾ȥǣĻŭţŻȥô׼
ãڷǵ㣬绰ȥ㡣
үҵĽӻרҵˣе㲻˼
ǺǺǨDDܽϰҵң´ҲңǾͳƽˡ
ãô˵ˡ
˵ûһ˾ˣһľǴײˡ
߿˽ͺ͸İײˣģеϡ
ǡ
ûײˣᰮԵĲʲôζ
ЦſߣӼһЩǰСȻ˼ڣųŵеͣĸоҲûʲôʵı飬;˻θڡ
ôθ𣿡
¿Ĳˣһˮ¿ӲŶ˵
ζ̵ĺܺóԣҴ֪ײ˻
Եϰζ
ϰߣͦóԵģҲֻܳڷǲԶѣζĺܺã
˵ӽŴڴڵĳԣϲײˡ
Ե㣬ľҲˣҲԡ̲˳˴뿾ѼǿѼըԵζҲϲƫ̵Ŀζ
һٷ˳ԵɵһֻѼʣ˸Ѽܣ׼ûؼȡ
үŶӴӷԵôͷһءʵҪһԷ˲һҲԵø㡣
һ·ذ԰͸ʳȣ½үʳ
ζã涼ʲô
ʳ裬涼һЩƽĶ㰮ߵʱһЩ
ã˶ҲߵʱôһЩ
ôһ˵ԼˣȥӿռóһУ
ŻȥԼźãһԼˣʡĵʱ˵˵
DDҾͲˣҪǺ´ȥǵʱٴЩ
û⣬򵥣㾡ܺȡ
ԺһС輸˶ţߺȲæ飬һ￴ʱʱҲ񣬿ְ
ȥѧ鷿﷭飬һû˼˵ĻԺӺ滹мԺӣһԿ׾ȥ档
ǰԺһһĹȥֱĺ԰԰մõģŹݣȻŸûãѾܿ־ɫȵˣʵ԰ôˣ
ͥԺĻ԰ʵ
뵽´԰һɫʱҲĿû԰
Ż԰ϽǵļɽȥżɽתȦҲûȻܾɽ˵ʲôоȥҲûʲôֻȥǰԺ
ֻһڿΣ¿ֱӻսŶͿƵĴӺԺ
ȥˣô
ԺӺܴܾ£Ļ԰úƯ
԰ĸǰûֻһЩԼϲĻݲݣҲϲ԰
иܴĻг´ʱһЩÿĻݣԶһЩ
УֻҪҶֵ£ұ֤ܻү׷ǧ
DDͦãԺҲ۸ˣݲݵĿžͺá
ȱ˵ЩˣȻؼҳԷɣȥǶȼˡ
ãȻؼң
߲߱߱ĻͷԺӣӾеЦ
ÿˣҪϲҰ£Թסһϡ
һȥҪ¶߾˼
Ҫȥ¶
ţȥȥ˿
ܴһȥҲȥúѧѧ
Ҫȥ߳ȥֱ˵үõŸѧ𣿡
⻰Ȼ˵Ư治ܸԼѧʲô
˵ģȻͱ˱ǻܿǸһǲܶࡣ
ô˵Ҿ͵ǫ飬ı±˲֪һ֪Ȼ֪ĲǺܶࡣ
DD֪ĲˣҪ֪ʲôң޲
˰ɣֱȽϺã֪ررĲãҲ׼˵϶˵Լȱ㡣
Ҳǣ˵ûְɣ
ǺǺǨDDɱʱʲôܰ
ܣĿǰǲ㷢ֵģ㷢˵ɣﰵ롣

197

˵ҵʱ򣬼˶Χһڰӡ
ҰڶģҰǼλүʱȥ԰ڵġϷźüԲĴӣϸүǰûɹҲģҲ˵ջ治߿ͦ˼ϴֺѧŰӡ
ݷŽȥ߶Ҫǧɲ¶ڶ㿴
үְֽӰӣտʼļȷʵӣҲܰĽӣȻе
߰ĲһΰĿԣӸ˲Ҫ¶ڶУԺ˻Ҫġ
үӱ߰߿佱߼䣬ôһ˵
һǰѧʱ򣬼򵥵ĶǻǺͻ룬ȥúúգҪȻүǹˡ
үү˵ûǵûգ˰ҪƴҵҲչ˼ҲҪġ
ԶԶԣϵ˵ûͣб£ؼҲҪܸɹ˼ңɲΪķϼòʧϵܣӣ߲ˣǸСӣ
DDúǾͻУ
ھǧãʱ֪ҪŮʱɲô˵ˣүô룬ǼԼӻͦ˵ġ
һ߰һ߿񣬸оʲôܺãСôһһƯԲĹĵĽӾͳˡƤ࣬ߦȼһԲԲĽƤͳһѧǵúú¹ѧѧˣ
һһȲߴԼĶóҷ֡
ǸүүľƺͲߣǸүүʹүүģǸλģǸģǸ̵ϲϲǸʯͷСܵܵߡ
óһСӣߵǰݸ
Ǹϰģ򿪿ϣϲ
Ҷ˭û£ҲûʹӡװŲ֪ʯͷһССӣȻǹ͵ŮЩȵСҲͬϲ
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ͦɰģллҺϲ
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Сʲôѽ
ãһʦģĿǰôһԣҪϲСҲ
Ǿ˵ɣ˾ͲˣһԶֿɰϡ
ߣһ˶ôүүûУ˼һԴ׵ġ
ƾɿǰ˿߸Ц
ӾǸүүͲ֪˼ϲϲ
DDãٺõҲûﱦүүϻڱ͵Ц׼ϲ
үôһ˵ӵ˶ЦүҲ⣬²豭Ӿ͹Ц
ôͷžǼĵ͵ЦǲˣҲǿ
˵ϵܣôõ㻹㲻Ҫҿɾؼˣ
DDһ¶ǲܲҪϸ磬̫̰ģӻø
ⲻôɫ۲
۲Ҳǿźÿ춼úТТҲһߣλүү裬úТТǣǽ
Цȥ͸λүӵ裬λ岮Ҳû£󷽵壬ǫѷ񣬿ҶүӺʹүͷ
ССԺϵССһ˵˵ЦЦܰ֡
ߴӲ֪ӿԹܰʣЦŵ룬ҪܺһԺҲۣ֡
԰￪޵Ļ࣬ϹʵµǳȲ죬ԺֻСɵˣҪһɰĺӣӼֱǡ
ڴϱõĻ򶯣붼ҸãΪõδŬºѡ
ϣûξ͹ˣλүʺãøӾͿųԡ
ǣʯͷӶԺξڵͷվڳſڳԣһоСӲһǲͨ˼ҵġ
һμ棬Ȼ֪үӵӡ
߹λ塣
үӸϽӹξ꣬ܲܣθôҪǲùϵԺ·ɲߡ
үһڣξˣֲã
ӣ˵ؿžͲһ˼ҵĺӡ
ӻŻУزǣǵö
߹վξ֮⣬ĸк
ãҽߣԺ߻߰߶УԺøǶѧѧ

198

ǰСӺǲãƷжξһ¾ϲ
˵˵Ժȥ棬пҲȥúתһȦ
ллˣпҲȥ棬ʱҲúдд塣
DD治˵Ǳ߶Ҳæһ̯û׼һȥ
ֻȥʱȥ
ãǵʱ͵鷳ˡ
ӣС̲˼ӰͷԱξһš
һĳһ·ϳһСʱ͵˿µĲ
ڳſڵֵҵţһ³͸˵ӭȥ
ӭδλҲ롣
شһ·ֱӵ칫ҡ
Ҫ
к£æݲ衣һͨæ֮Ҳź˼ǲ˵¶
ӰͳԼƿϹֽ壬ݸ¡
һ
½ӹͼֽĿһ
򻭵治ɫҲܴ󷽣ֻǡ
ʲô⿵ֱ˵
Ҳʲô⣬ֻɫе𡣡
ɫ⣬ǾҪ̫࣬Ҳһ
ô˵ܸмվϹ
ʵллδչǵ⣬̫лˣǷģ϶ĺúõĲһ⡣
ˣԺǻᾭкܶණҲֻҪĺá
Ȼ϶û⣬Ҽ۸ͣԷġ
УЩţٽ׷Ӷ
˵һڲ裬Ȼ󿴿ξꡣ
壬أ
ƵĹͼֽξϾͿˣ⣬Ҳû⣬ſ¡
Сͼֽô㣿
Ǯһţǰ˰ɣ
֣۸൱ʵˣξҲȽ붼û͵ͷӦ
ǾɣһЩƷȿһӣҲ
ӦõģӦõģ͹ȥǿЧ
УǾô˵ˣµĻʱϵǡ
Ϳǩͬ˶ԺҲûͣ뿪
ȥϳξ
绹ʲô𡣡
УһԼõġ
ǾȥԷҲˣǳһٺõġ
ƽʱȥԶٺõģھȥ̫ƫˣ
߱ԹСģߺξЦ
ȫû뵽ôɰһ棡ɰ˼˼˸Ķ
ҵĲǣˡ
DDҲĴǴֶŮˣʲôͳʲô㿪ѡطһŸǮС
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ߺҵСڣС̣ҿǲ㡣˵һӣһҲаСĸܲˣ
ǺǺǨDDĸǿأĻܲˣͲƽˡ
ǣлֶŮ
ǺǺǨDDס´βҪС
ں澲˵ʱЦٲȻһܲڡһ棬ԭҲԿɰΡƤֲеĳô۰
ҪǡҪһҲô˼ɵضԼЦ˵ƤЦɰıԹ룬᲻һеİȫ綼ǰ
뻹ܸʲôһܸĶΪҪ
ںǴЦ˫յĺҶ˲ԾĳСֻξæ˵ûע⵽ѡ
һ·ʺøһҹӪ󷹵꣬ʯͷڵǳԹǸꡣ
԰ֶŮģǮ
ˣǮҵĳȥ̫Զĵطһ鷳
ӴӴDDˣҵĸζôôأ
ûᱧؿڿϽлξ꣬ͣȳֱ³
ξϷҲ³ˣҲ·³
߿Ȥֶͦ˼׿֮ʱøСƵģ־޻˵ĺѣĽ
ֶŮˣϣŶ
߱˦һ԰ۡ
һȺú㡣
ٺ٨DDǻ˰ɣθڲóԲ
˵ֶŮôأ
ҴֶŮµһֶŮûвõģĺ˻ľûеڶ
˽ξߴ˵ţԱͷһۣ͵Ц
սȥľӭξ͸ˣҲˡ
θˣλ𣿡
ŸСɣ
ξôһ˵еΪĿ˼ЦЦ
θ绹治˼¥İᶼˡ

199

˵Ȼ˵˼Ұֲǲţ˵ξҲˣڰ֡
Ǿɣû¶
ǽʵڲ˼θ磬ɣ￿Ŵá
ظ˰һĵطط⣬ΪԷ϶λã˶ࡣ
Уллֵܣÿæģٽ㡣
˵ϲ裬˵Ͳ;ߣһԱǵˣԼĴкȥæµ
θ磬÷Աǿŵˣʲô½ҡ
ææ鷳ֵܡ
ξ꾫Ƕ˺ϣǶⷹľҲԷĴ˲ϤģȻ˿ͿƢϤ߶ȴǺ
ҵøѧŵ
Ŀ佱ξ겻ΪȻһڲڡ
Ż˵úãƣ˾¹ƶһͬʡ
ǣ˵ûһûúá
DD˰ǰǫ鲻ͻͦá
ǰȷʵǣҲˣһЩȻǲԶЩ
DDξͺˣҲôġ
˵Ц˾ͿĲˡ
ֶŮʲô𣿡
ƲƲ죬Ѳ˵Ƹߡ
ҵһײˣһֻѼʲôŵɣͣǰԵľУ
ԶԶԣǾܵ㣬ò״һأɲܿ
DDҾͲ壬ȥҲúóһ١
ôһ˵һȥҪ´Һһȥȥǿ۽硣
̫ˣڷǵǡ
ҿܰºҪȥһˣ壬Ҫһȥ
ôȥԸ尡
ϴ˵㣬ߵʱǰ֪ͨصĻƱã˼˰ɣ
˼˼ҴֶŮã
òõﲻȵ˰ɣ
DD
ãǾټӸ˰⣬趹˿
ãɣʳҳԡ
ըô
˵һͱ߸غˣŽ׷߶ô˵ˣըըɣͱ㡣
ǾըɣҪСģأ
һɣ
Ĳʽôˣʳ档
ǳԵһ뿾ѼſھͽһʮŮӣи߸ӣ۰Ƥڰ͡һɫȹŲȺƤЬɱӴԺ󣬿һĻһ޺һӣӦǸĸֵܡԶԶؿξ߹ǷԶͣشһ
δ磬ҲԷ
ţ𣿡
ξɴһ仰ʵеΡ
ûûУҲԷ͹к
лл㣡
ξ仰ȫԿŮӲð
ǣǾͲòˣټ
ټ
Ůͷżһ˶¥ʧ䡣
߳ԱҧѼ߶ξ꿴ǿҵʵξûúóԷ̧ͷһۡ
СӲúóԷʲôأ
ܲһԵ顣
ܣúóԷ
ǣҺܺ棡
ξΣſֺݺݵصһۡ
ٺ٨DD˵Ҿ͵ͬˣ
ξķû
װ壬ܲһ£ղǸСǲǡ
ǲʲôǲ밤򣿺úóԷ
ðɣ̫ˣ
ѾͷôͲˣ
ðɺðɣҲ˵ҲˣԷ𣿡
ξڲˣͻȻ¿ӣ鲻˵ҲУҪʾԼװ
ҺûʲôүӲȥһˣȻᾭ˵ôϵ˵ʲô
ˣˣ׵ģϽԸѼɣ
ѽԽԽͷˣ
оòã
ǣﾫﾫġ
ξôһ˵ǰ߸ˡ
DDͦģ
ݺݵĵһۣǣרĵĳԼķ
һٷİξ͵ʺãȥүӴ˸к
ôпչˣ
ⲻǺȥ¶Ұȫͻʡñ˹ҡ
DD᲻ᣬ㱻˹үүҲ㣬øлأ˵˾ģ˭Ҫ
Ҿͷˣ´ٳȥҰڰܡ
ԶԶԣôɡ
һһСıôˣξֻЦк˺Ȳ裬Լ׵Լһˣϰˡ
ߺȲ衣
DDлл壬鲻
Ұϰˡ
ЦԺүӲע⵽ԼҶȲߡ


200

СӲãž;񡣡
үһˣ߸Ͻ²豭վʺá
үүãҽˣллϵĿ佱ԺϤ˻ᾭ߶˼ҵġ
úúãпվͳǲĺӣ
ǲżһµпܡ
ô˵үӾ֪߲Ǿˣղˡ
˰
үүǷˡ
ǣү뵽үӵӡ
ϵܵӰɣ
ǣүүסңģҲλ
úˣүүǼˣϸĵȾҲȵʹ죬Ҳĸˣﰡġ
үүͦĵģ춼߸ˣԵĺҲ˯úãڷˣп˼Ҳȥ档
ðпջȥ䣬ȥʶʶǸõط
ҪȥҾȥ˼ңһʱ䡣
úãͷӻǻȥ겻ҪȥǹͷҲҪһȥġ
ãҾ׼óԺȵǡ
DDúãǾô˵ˣҺүүɲġ
ͶˣȥҲŸأû˵ȥҲǵĸ
DD
үӸ˵Ĳˣ޲ͷɵȥ
֣ȥ˭ꣿҲҪȥġ
ʲôһȥһȥ˾͹ŶҪóš
˵˿ɲܱԣʱƨ˰
˶˵ʲôʱƨ˵ģ
ǺǺǨDD
ηԼϸ׵ξʲôҲ˵ֻܺǺˡ
һᣬҲٶൢʱ䣬͸ǡ
үүæţһи˾ˡ
ҪҪ죬үҲû
߰ɣСĵ㣬пվ͹
Ͳˡ
Ͻ͵ɣֲͣˣ
ǣǴֶŮϽ߰ɣ
ǺǺǨDDүүæˣпٹ
үү壬æ´пչǡ
˵ž߶ߣ߸үӴк͸ųȥ
УүүͲˡ
DD
߱߱߳үӻ֡
ϳڿǴһȥϼػԼȥȥβ˹ȥܲãȥҲûɣԼҲġ
һȥҪؼҰɣ
ҲǣУβ˵һ˸ȥҲʡ
ҪԼ򳵻ȥȥ˿
ߴ򳵿϶ʣ˵ʱҲü
ãؼٹȥʱü
͵ңû¾ֱȥϼҡ
ϼҵʱΩϣѾվڴſڵţĳͣȥš
緹𣿡
Թˣлл
һһ仰û˵ˣ˽ȥϼҿ˺üˣϴμͽʢ⣬긾ŮӡǿźΩϣһдв²⡢ǡ
Ǵͬʱһ۹ȥҲǵ˼װ׵Ŀ
ôﲻԸΩϣӣȷʵҲβҲǿӣǰЩûһϵ
ã
ʢǿϽվк
ã
Ωϣ⸱Ӿ֪ã϶ˣϽ˵
ϴθ̿ȥȥˡ
һǰɣȺȱ裬Ϣһ¡
Ωϣ˵ſ̬ȱϴԺһ㣬ûжҲûд˵˼
ʢеΣŵĺм긾ŮӦ裬ԴЦݵĿ
Ϣһ£ÿȺȱ衣
˵ţøձӵһ裬ڲ輸ϣվûҲûȥ
ˣȥ̫̫ɣһأ
壬ûκθ顣Ωϣ˫ֽ߬ţֱϵˣӲɵö࿴һۣһΩϣмվ߹
ĸ鷳ˣ㾡ͺá
ͺã仰ǰοǻɣȻʲôû˵ͷһԱߵΩϣ˾¥
һ·ȥֱվ̫̫ķſڣΩϣûƿţվһᣬתǸĿ
Ǹίˡ
ô˵ҲǿϣһŲʶҲûκιϵϼҴŻİˡ
⻰˵ûΩϣƵġ
񡭡
Ƚȥ˼ҿɣ
Ļ˵ʲôûãֲĴֻҿ̫̫Ͽ뿪

201

˽ȥͿ˫
ΩϣĸϽȥķˡ
ˣоô
˼ҽֱؿڴϣȻЦſż֮Զ
ɣ
ЦĴȰҲȥվڴߡ
ǣ̸оô
˼Ŵӱһֻ֣ڱ£˵صͷ
áãѹˣ
˵ΩϣϽιˮСģ껹ĸ͡շıֱƿˣǽʢĸӺϰ֣һӡ
ڴϵ̫̫˺ܼľӿˡ
裬ˣ˼ˣ
ϰֳ嵽ǰץ̫̫־ʣϽվڽÿط
ˣѹˣ
ʢĸҲվڴߣ˵˵ĨᣬҲĹĸס
һվں棬̫̫Ҳˣû׶Ůôġ
ת˿վڽ˼¡
վš
һ˵Ωϣİְֺ͹ùҲӦҲŽ

С±
Ωϣİְֺ͹ùЦĿùã첽ȵľҪ֣ȥˡ
ֶȥΩϣĹùΣȻڰЦ˵
ÿллˣû뵽ССҽôá
ǰԱߵλϣû˵ΩϣĹùҲ˵վһ»ȥڴֲ̫̫
ϰּһû˵Ӵվǰ
ĸ׾鷳ˣ㡭
ԺͲˣһҩ̫̫ȳԣͻת
ô˵Ωϣĳ˹ȵף֪βٹˡ۵ӹ籩꣬۾һգ˲е˼۵ףɨļһۣ
ãлл㣬ĶҼסˡ
ûʲô鲻ģ˾ͳ־һ£Ҳϼ
˵ɣԱ˿ɲô룬Ωϣ֮죬һֹһⱲӶɡ
ʲô취أļˣ֪Լˣɬѵʱʹû
ϰһɫе㲻ˣĿΪڰڼӡ
ֻҪκĸʲô¶˵Ǯ
֣Ͻɣ
ΩϣŭشֵĻе̧ͷǮЦ󷽡
ϰּô˵Ϊǻ񣬿Ӳá

ŵĸϽϰ֣Ļ
ˣ˵ˣ˻˵أǰǴҲͦû׼ҩЧأ
ôһ˵ûȥˣҲֺƤˣվΩϣ˸кתߡ
һˣҽɣ
ͷصĳ̫̫ţȥֱӾϳ
ֱȥһΩϣŻعƴ¥ȴֻԶȥĳӰ
ºⱾúůģΩϣñ̹ǣȫɣؿڴǽߣ̧ͷ߹ҵ̫ޱαˣķѡͷʹ۾Һ
ʹʹ
һ·ҲźΩϣʶĵεΣһֱѡϸġܵ͡Ǹܺõˣû뵽ᷢ¡ǲԼ̫飿Ϊκ˶ίԼҲûҪίԼҪ˵һ˵ĻǾͷүĪ
ʵΩϣûʲôֻмĵˣѣҲֻѣ
˦˦ͷһߣͿȥתһȦûʲô¾ֱӻؼҡ
ȥװתһȦĺܺãǶæţװ϶ˣ³ͿϼܣԽװġ
ӷװӺƵһԺŴţԺյûһˣ֪ǿ϶ںĹ԰
û԰ŶǹӾͳ˳Χת񰤸ǲŰ
϶ǽˣֻнԪǲôˣҽС
ô
ţϲˡ
DDϲ
ǣҽãҲ
ʯͷߵ˵Ҳӹ԰ˡ
ЦһãվĹ԰еҶĺ컨˼Ƕ仨
ˣǶ飬ԶԶܳˡ
ϤҵĽŲˡ
˵ֻӣһܣԵĲˣ߶۲
ǿԣҴûôõĹ
֪߿ǣƨɳ˦β͡

202

סЦ⣬ʹľǵĶ伸£Ű
ǱȱĹһЩ
Ҷˣֻϧûĺù
۲Ŀֻӣʯͷﾯ
磬ԪʵܵƤģҪСһĹǹ԰ˣȥĵطϰߡ
ʯͷ˵űȥ§סԪǵͷһͷİһеͰ͵ӣúЦ߾ͦ˼
DDʯͷģ粻Ԫ֥ͷ˵ôҲߣֵģ˭Ҳߡ
ţǿɻ˲ŲأſǶܳȥġ
ǰҲǺϲǣԺһᾭҲһ
ԣԺ󾭳һģʵͦ۵ġ
ʯͷСͦ࣬ûɾ衣
DDԶԣʯͷôһ˵һе㲻ˣͦ۵ģÿôæҲûʱչǣԪͦõġ
Զԣ˵һûҲϲ㡣
ʯͷڷɾ裬ſ§Źǵ֣߲õЦš
߱ɰСģùЦ
DD
Цʯͷ᲻˼СԴϡ
û£ɰЦġ
һ硯ĸҲѣٶм֪ⲻܡ
ЦòãܺãΪϲԪǲ
Ҫ֪뷨ƵѪϲҲĸҲ٣ЦøɵƵģ
ҪϲԺһֻ
ռﹷеǣһֻҲûϵôһ˵ЦԽãûֵ
ã͵Ŀ϶ˣôҪˣлл㣡
ţ´ȥ˵
ֻ˵԰ȥ߱߿ϵĹҹ˵¹ϹСӣָСˣ̵ë׵ģžϡˡ
治Ϲ˹ӡ
Ʒ֣ڷֵһ
Ҳ֣Ǿ˵ҲԽӣ
ƷһֻҪĺһӡ
ͦãɽϵĹĻҶȥˣöͦãǴ԰ӺĹ԰ҲȥҲáⷽıҲòȥ˼ûзһģȷʵ
ȻˣռȪˮݹҪ˲Źأ˵ֻԼб¡
ûʲô²µģ֮ǰҩˮݹԳɻʺܸߣһ㲻硣
Ҳб£ְ취Ҳ
˵ûٿΪⲻ˵ˣ˵е顣
԰Ĳ˵Ҳرãײ˶ôˣŲײ˳԰ɣ
ײˣȻˣ
ͰŰɣİΣ̫˳ˮ
ШDD
Χİײڿġ
ôҾͦġ
ԣүְɣ
θײŪĸɱƵģ߶ˡ
DDУҶˡ
Ŵײ˱ɵšɾڵͷ˴Źӽ䡣
ߵ԰ﴦүʮ
Ӵ²ãĿžϲˣϸ²أЩȥС˵ǳԵʲôأ
׳²ˣǾͳԾ²˺ӡٷһǸСϺףʵĲˣͷ
СŻͷڷǴôҲûԹʲô²˺ӣҪúóľ²ˣ˵ǵľ²˳ôˣ
DDҶǽ춼úóԳԣСôһ˵һˣҲþûԾ²˺ˡ
үھǳԺúȺã˼ʲô԰ﶼУ⡢涼ȱպõŴڼʲôҲһ仰¶ӹڣֲүϽŮĸˡ
ôһ˵Ҹ˵ˣ˵²˺ǲˣҲþûˡ
ү˵Ż죬һܲӡ
ϵöԵСŵû˵
Ҷүӱ˱߸ү˵ס˴꣬ŴҲ⡣
СŵȻû˵ˣһӺӵʱ൹ͣƤӵĴģҧģѽͷӲϽ²ˣǾͳȥӡ
үˬ죬Ҳ¾͸˾²ˣŵ룬߸ʰĸɸɾԱߵϸϸİѾ²˲Ӹס
ϵܣҶϴޡǳȥȲȥ
˼ұž²ӣкֵܼȥȲ衣
ŴǼԼˣү˵ʰöҲһߡ
˸ճͿվżͷСĺƤˮܲߺʯͷܲš

203

ҹԱˣ۵ôǰЪš
Ҳۣȥ¶Ҳɣġ
úãүүģ㿴²˳öãҽ˲٣Ų²˺ӳԡ
ãµľ²㲻ˣүүˮܲãû뵽ôˡ
ǲһ²¾ͳôãҹԱб¡
ǰμȥųԣˮ۵ζ϶á
˵վӤֱ۴ϸˮܲ۵ĿžͲˡ
ְģϳԹ
Ҳģ㿴󲻴󣿡
˵꣬ʯͷҲվСˮܲ滹أϳԴ´ࡣ
ˣǸҶӲҪӵˮһ°ųҲܺá
ԣܲӧǸöˮһ°ųζͦãһȥ𡣡
ŴպãԲ˵Ҳһ˲ܲӧӵ¶ǸöǰʱܲӧҲϡ
Ų˵ûˮܲӧӺۣҲᷢࡣ
ãҲܲҶǸʲôζ
үȻûԹʲô࣬ǣѵʱȻԵñȵĺãܲӧЩȻûԹҲ֪Ǹʲôζ
DDãҲƽʱӵһЩͷͷββʵǶЩöŻأȷܲҶӡ롢Ƥӡ
Ǳ߱ү˵˼˵ͷͷǵ
ϸ㳤֪ʶЩ㲻˵֪
DDҲǸˣ֪ЩҲǸҹԱѧġ
һ˳˹԰ժϴˣ߸ɻ͸ɾĲûһ͸ʰ׵ˣͺȲŴľ²˺ӳ
ûһŵһɽζ²˵ζҲˣԺҲŵü
ʲôóԵô㣿о²ˣ²˺Ӱɣ
ƾɺӶԺ߱ţ˵µ׼
¶ˣûͳԾ²˺ӣȥ԰ʾ²ˣأ
үĺһڲ裬ЦǺ˵š
˵ôôأҲǾ²˺еζ
ƾɺܿ϶˵ҲǸԾ²˺ӵˡ
ǺǺǨDDпڸˣ²˺ϲԵġ
ԼϹһ̲סڣסҵĴûַſڣˣ
ʣСˮܲ²˺ӣԵĶ²ˡ
ǼҲûԹɲˣǴҲĸ߲ˣ˵б¡
˵ʵүҲֺǣүҲȡ
Ķô䣬ֳ߲
үһʣүӾ˾
DDܣֳܲײˣ۲˰ˡǸʲôСͲˡƹϵĶֳˣһԵĶʵˣ۵С̻ˣү궬Ҳúó̹ƬӷŽȥһ̣ζ
үȻûԹү˵ʲôôһ˵Ҳ̲סҲˮġ
˵ʱܳҲܳԵ컹ǵúúóԳԣ붼þ
DDǣ͵ϵܣ̤ʵǳĺġ
DDǣһӣҲʱ̹
ͷĴߴᴦǵӾС
ϸ˵ûҾʹˣҲС
ţĶȥţǼҲа飬æǵģҪǾǾȥǣдԺӣϸ缸Ҳֺǣ
ǣǾһطǹꡣ
үҴ̹ˣҲطˣ׺үһȥ꣬ҵֲˣҪˡ
˾²˺ӺСˮܲ⣬Դ׼ˣг˿סţƬС࣬ζԵĴ̹үҲ⣬Ծ²˺ѡ
ûԼ飬һͣͿʯͷ߳ţھúù䣬֮ꡣ
ү˾ȥֻܷԸ
ܳһʱרȥ棬߻ǺܸжжæҲ֪һʱȻúðš
Ҿ죬ȥĶǾȥĶ
ô˵һʱҲѣھüҲûȥҲ֪棬һʱû⡣
ʯͷûȥĵط
ֻʯͷϣʯͷ𰸡
ʯͷͷ룬ͻȻ۾һ
㣬ȥ԰ɣ
԰ðɣСǶȽϲǿӣû㿪ȥӡ
ðɣǾʹȥ԰С
Цʯͷ˵һͿֻ

204

ʲôС
ȥ԰˿ﻹܿʲôأүǸ˻˰ɣ
㣬԰ǲкܶද
ӦǣҲûȥȥ֪ˡ
ҵĺüͬѧȥ˵ʨӡϻд󡭡
ʯͷٶµСӣ⼸ԸҲˣһ·ں߶û꣬׷ʶһһĵΪ󣬽ϸоݣҲĽζ
㣬Ƕ԰԰ˡ
ʯͷվſڳϿ档
ãȽͣȳ¡
èDD
ɵãֻǻǼĿŴ⡣
ͣóߺʯͷȥƱԼİװ˼ռˮһСʳȻҲŽȥ
㣬д㿴泤
㣬㿴ϻ
㣬ǿȸ
㡭
˵ĪʯͷöûĶ綯԰һݡҸߣܺһʲôãʯͷСÿɰ쳣
һȦѾˣʯͷȻ¸߰û˼ҲšӶ԰ڳеᣬæµһ춼ûۣйһȦᣬµ
Ӱͳƻһһ߳ʲô
ʲô
ɣǿˡ
԰ʯͷ㣬ڳʲôģҲʳԵĶǺöͰشȨߡ
߸ղŴӶ԰ʱ·һʯͷȥ
ȥ·ǼԷɡ
νʯͷ߿ƻСˣүӵӰ죬ЩԵûӡ˵Ը鷳
ʯͷϲͣ
û¶Ǿȥ԰ɡ
ʯͷüͷԾͲϲµΪ˿ǣСԴϡ
ǾȥԵģҲûʲôóԵġ
ôһ˵ʯͷüͷҲչˣͷһͬ
ԣҲòóԣԸģƵģ̫鷳
ʯͷ˵һС˵ģʮʮү˵ͷֿɰֺЦߴЦֹ
DDʯͷ˵û̫鷳ǻȥԵ򵥵ĺá
ͳһͿĲʽҲǱزˣطķζ࣬ϴͬѧ˵⸽һϷζС˽˹ݶζܲͿڸңתһȦ˼ˣ汻ҵˡ
͹һƬסլŶԺһСĺԺſڹһСľӣдšζСݡ򵥵ĸִ֣󷽡ͣó˾ͽȥ
ԺڳԷŻпˣ⻹кǵһʮӣֺϵΧȹЦӭھϷźζ
λԻԺԣ
䣬ȻҪԺ
Ժ
񿪿ڣĴϱ߶һϡ
ãλ
Ӧϰ£ֵ˲ˮóһӲֽдĲ˵Ҳʮˣд㲻ϺÿҲд󷽡
ǿʲôĲ˶С
һ飬ͰѲ˵ߡ
㿴ɣʲô͵㡣
Ҳûӹ˵ϸĿһʮˣȻ͵ˡ
һ㣬ˣ÷˿⣬һƶţСԺҲһݡ
úãͦóԵģСӶϲ
߱˵ϰ߼ǣͦܵĸÿʲôζ
⼸ôҪҪ
߿ʣвζġ
ɣ
ûˣҲʯͷ
ʯͷô㿴Ų˵ʲôҪӵûУ
ʯͷӹݹĲ˵ϸؿһ顣
ϰ岮ڸǳ˰ɣҽ˵Ҫش䣬ܹ⡣
վһԵϰʯͷɰֶòϲֺǺǾ
Ҫʲôأ㳴
ʲôУ㿴ųɣĸкóͳĸ
úãǲŸ㳴óԵˡ
ϰдõĲ˵ֺǺǵؽ˳
ԺɹС̫Ų裬ͻȻݵ˵ע⡣
ϱ߶ʲôض˵Ŀ
ϱǻǺӱһƬиİĶƬǸõط˼Ҫϡ
ϣİĶĻĵأ⻰˽ȥҲϴ·ϵʱҲһƬأطȷʵҪǿϵĻؿξȥʡ
񲻶ɫضűϸ˵̸档ߺʯͷĵûһ
ֵô취
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ֺ߶ĿײˣĿ񣬺ۿ
ײͬѧԣԻȥúϢһ¡
ײǰϽͷԼᡣ
лл
ɳСĺл
԰ɣȳˣ
˵ͳһڡ
óԡ
DDóԾͶԵ㣬ٸ󡣡
˵ʦͽ˺ָһСӳˡ
Ҳܺóԣ񳢳
ллˡ
һӺһĳһڣģζû˵
óԡ
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ǳԣҾͲˡ
ʦȥæˡ
УҲڴڵĳ棬ײǰֿ˿ͷҲԡۻ˿ļ嵰ٳԵζҪʱҲ˲˹Ĵڳ
һԵһʣ
극Уʦ뿪絢ôãҲذ԰ֱӻؽҡڽó鱾ûһᣬʯ֪ͿײҲ˹ǰŵĿλϣʯ֪Ц
û뵽ҽôã㻹ʲô𣿡
Уܶ࣡
̫̫
ʯ֪Ҳ֪˵ʲôãôһĿ
ͬѧлл㣡
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ţҩǮûУȱҵٸ㡣
ҩǮײ֪ǿɲͨҩҩ治ô򵥣Ǯ򲻵ô˵һ㶼š
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Уҵ˵
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ãұҵˣй˾͸㡣
Сʵݵе㲻ģ˶ˣҩҲˣ;ȵװɣ

211

ͣͳһǮó˵㡣
һٿǮƷú壬ҵûɲУȽ㣬õԺٻҡ
ײƵǰǮҲ̲סˣϽͷ
һᣬ̧ͷۿ
ãǮˣлл㣡
ĺܼѣҵҪ岻ãûõλҪҲûͰǮˡ
ÿԺ󷢹ҳԶٺõľС
ôһ˵Ҳ˾ϣ˫Ҳ
ģһԶٺõģҷ˹ʾ㡣
ãҾ͵Ĵˡ
˵꣬԰¾żâĵܽһ˷ܡ
񡭡
ܹ˷ֱ֣ܵӺǰŵˣûƵġ
лú˵ֶŵġ
DD
һӰԵĿ
˵DD
ôҡ
ʲôһȦ԰ë
Զ˰ɣ
񡭡
ʲôëлú˵
㲻˼ôÿ˶ʶ
ʲôˣҽʲô˸ʶ
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ײеԥʯ֪ȳȥ
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ԿףĲϹ˵
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㣬ҷѧͻȥ
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µˣûȥ
ãҵѧǾͲؼˣ극ߡ
ãڼҵҡ
ĶԻ԰е㲻ԾĿ
ʲô񣿡
ǺǨDDûûʲô
߼԰µﰵԵ⣬Ҳãá
ллҽҪҽ˼š
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ڼһûԺ᳣ϴүү˵úе˲ܶôгɾͣһҪġ
ʵʵ˵̧үӣò˵תĹ졣
ܴСүӵӰ죬Իɼ͹˼ҵرкøСүһб£Сʱ첹ںûȲ˵̨˼һΧתɨЩڻ¡ȻЩǱΣҲܰõĻ档

212

дϸ˿Ů˲
ôһ˵Ҳû룬ֻΪүΪеģʱ֡
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ãʱҸҲصĻƱ
DDкҲ٣㾡ܸǡ
үãʰԼһʲô
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ûãҪȥһȦ
ܺ񵥶ȥ䣬֮
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ʱҲĶһСӣװϴ·ߵʱһӺͼүӸĶ
ЩȻͨߺӣһóȥڳһӼûʲôȥѴãŰһԿ׽
Կ׸㡣
ӹһԿ׾ͷŰ򿪳žϳҲڸʻϡ
ϴθҵǼѱԿҵˡ
˵û˵Ϳ
ҵŰɣ㲻ԺҪɨҲ㡣
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ȥԷ˲࣬˸λӣԱѲ˵ſһ¡
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Ѽ߻ͦϲԵģҲԣûԥͬ⡣
ԣһֻɣ
ҪҪֻطˣ
ֻѼȥˣ߾ÿԣѼζȷʵͻȻ룬ȥҲͼѣһ˳Բˣ˼Դô죿
뵽߾ܴܴ
вٶͲˣ´ΰɣ
ţԼ
һֻѼͰѲ˵ߡ
㿴ŵɡ
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˹ȥˣæ߶飬˿ܻȥ
ĬĬлξ꣬ﰵϲ
DDͦõģ
ЦòÿģɵؿһֹۣסЦݡ
˵æŰͦãһŮѧҪ飬ææͦۡ
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ǺǺǺǨDDʵһҶͺ㡣
Ȼô˵֪ĲҶƢҲξæ˵Ҳĺܺá
ţ˺ܺá
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Ǻ㣬˵Ҳ
У˶ǻģĺҲã
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Կ𣿿ԼǺˣǿҺã
DDУõôġ֮죬Ҳֻˣôö֡
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Ҳߵĸ֮ĵĻôɵ˵Żûһ㲻ʣ˽ܲȻ
ǺǺǺǨDDǺðɣҪô÷
DD
ߴЦֹô÷Ҳ˴㣬Ȼǡ
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УҰƱǮ㡣
ø´ҶƱһ
̫ˣһһأ֮ǣͶˡ

213

ô˵ҲУһŷɻƱ£̫ƽ˵ԵС
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û£֮䲻˵Щ
ߵķɻڲĵʱ൱ԣ˱߳ԱģһٷһһСʱ
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ȥǹһĺԺԺɹźܶϴɾ·˵ľӶ࣬һݵ긾ŮСϰУУܸ˾ɿɻĶ࿴ۡ
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Уôһ˵ԸоһУ˴ĺأһϴķ׵ͨ·Ķ̷Сڿӱ룬ɫֲڣһͲǻԼˣĴղΪʲôһ
ԼɷͻȻһŮӣͶ룬긾ŮͨɣҲ⣬Уؼңæչ˼⣬ʱ롣
ʦĸãҽ񣬺У˼ҿ塣
˳ƯûһǫĸʺãòĽʦĸ궼ûôƺˣͻȻøղԼϹеԲס˼ЦЦ
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Ȼ۾ỨԿܸˣҲЦúҸĳȥˡ

214

һ裬УУұ߶ݡ
ҲǺܴһŴҾߣûжĶһλͷ׵ڴϣ˯ðȡ
ĳѾ˽˼ҵĲ飬˼θڲãҳϡ˺öҽ˺öҩʱʱľô˺üꡣ
ŵعȥڴϣ˵ָ˰òŷ¡˯úܳɫݻƣ촽԰ףѷݣһƢθȻ˲ҩα겻αԽԽҩҲ˵ƢθԻˡ
վУżľ
ô𣿡
ǳȥ˵ɡ
úúèDD
ŵĳȥУ˶һкõƻҲˡ
ȳԵƻһǾͳԷ
ЦϣҺ顣
ллʦĸ
Ҽүӡ
裬һ
ǸӵȻԺгŽŲһʮ߰ӽ˿иߣ˹ģУķϹһ۾ڿУܸˡ
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°磬мѧе£һ²Ż
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а취һҸʩ룬л⣬ʵҪǿʳ
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лл㣬Ҷסˣһעġ
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дõҪһҩһʳƷӼһݸУ
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ҿʲôѽҾͲˣҲһȥԷأ˼ҺٹʦĸٺõҲ
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裬һˣǲˣſôͣһ
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úúãСĵ
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һ˿񿪳ԶȥŽŶ

215

治úãòôõһҽϷ˵ǡ
У˻û˵꣬ͱУˡ
붼Ҫ룬ҲҪ˵Ϊһ˼ҵĺӣΪҽð漸λˡСС;ͿųΪǼҵǮ˼ԼˣĻǴ⣬ֹĳҲ⣬˼У˵˼𣿡
Уôһ˵УĿɿڴû뵽ССô£ΪǸͥõŮӣټϻһֺҽѾµˡû뵽ͣ
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ǲУһ˵һҲ̫˰ɣ
ͺֹһ㣬Ҫ˵ιȥ
УܲιȥͲ֪ˣУ˵Ҳûţı»治ֹһ㡣
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ʲôһζҪϲԺǾ;ԣٻطĴӶǡ
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DDúúãҪԵôһС˶ÿæô¶ҪѧУҪҵͷܣԵá
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Ǿô˵ʱҲȥ
DDȥôȥ
һһСһٷԵĺֽܰڣˣٷԵҲζ
ѧУʱУ򵥵һϸ׵˼
ֹӣ֪ʲôҪ˵
Уôˣ¶˵

216

ԥһ£Ϳڡ
ʺǹϿģ
ǰʺүӿģʲôʵ벻ͨ
үүģôˣ
ûʲôû뵽ʺãҲû뵽ʶ
ԭ˵үʶʲôֵģ
ʶöǰʶˡ
˵棬ǰһԵֽڸЦˣöǰܹŶ㣿
DD㰡ˡ
ֽһЦУҲıЦˣ˵ĸоԼ仹
DDöǰ󣿡
μҸʶҲСʮˣСʮ˵һܾԶʱ䡣İ磬һֱڿɲǺܶ𣿲Ҳʮ꣬öеôʲ
ʱǸСӣڶѾôˣɲǺöô
ǣʱôСֿɰֹɣºѧһת۶ɴˣǺöˣ
ֽҲǰǸѵӣҲССиж
УҲֽ֪ںһʶֽҲ۰˵ʵԼĹŮһԴ˵ʦԵ֣ҲɫТ˳ۡ
һȥץҩһĿ㣬˼ҿҩ˵ҽ㡣
ҲУɻһԭιô̾ˣǵöб£ǵ͹ҽ
үү˵⻰˼ģ˵⻰ҪУѧУúչң㿴⺢ôãѧУչ˶˼˲ǰ̧ҡ
DD
У⻰ֱӿڴЦү˵ǼȻô˵ɼƷжãûΪԼȹ߶մմϲôǫô̧үӣССһˣ²ò
ֽڶԸ˽ⲻ⻰˵ҲֻЦһĿѧжκ˶
ôõѧҪúչˣ˵ôչ㣿ǸСػС
Сˣ٣ɲʦǰ߶߶
㻹̣ͦҳʦɣ
ٺ٨DDУˣⲻһλεĺУһҵѧϰԹʦҾô˵һ£ȻУõˣ
ǵ͵ĴһٸһǣٺûܺõĹʦ
öãУʦǶõĴˡ
DDôͲ֪УǸأ
DDСѾͷ
УʦλЦȳˣУǼʦҪɣ
ûеڶˣԼٻʦдУֽڶ￴ȥ
ĵϳ緹ſһĻүŮȻһ˾Ҳȥ˷˺üˡүӺȻġվſڶǧһһ˵
ҲֻүվЦǺǵģﰵԵ⣬ҲŻطǾʹھϱͺãЩСǸɱҡУܶȥ˷˼ҲŸء
ϸģСʱķɻ͵·ɻȥ߾͵Žأ˵ҲԼļңӻԼҲõġ
ү⻰ûʲôҪ˼ʹ󿩡
үҲǣԼôԺҲڣʰҲУݲݹҲУԼﵽ̹˲١
ԶԣҹԱ߰ɣϲϷɻˣϸүү绰С
үүģҵ͸绰
ã߰ɣСĵ㣡
һСĵģүүģǶȥɣ
񿪳ȥһվſڣֱĳӰŽԺӡ
֪쵽ǣʽһ̾˷ܵڣҸ硣ܾʱ̫ڹ˾ƽʱϳɣǽ飬˭Цɨصİ̶Ц࣬ϰЦÿǼŴ̫һգġ
˼緹ûԣڰ칫һԼԿ׾׼ȥˣվһСʱܵҪˣڰ칫ת˼Ȧװϣš
ţȻ绰ûţžͱˡ
顭
DD
СӱһƯĻ
ܾҪĻ
һǣǰ
߿ŵɾõǣеȷӻʱҪҪ񻨣֪յʲô飿
Ļ˼Ϊʲôԡ
ܾǲǻʲô⣿
ͻȻ̧ͷ鿴﷢ë
ܡܾôˣ
⻨ÿ𣿡
Ȧ鿴ߣֿƯĻ
ƯƯرƯ
ֵͷתĻϸһȦ

217

Ůӻϲ𣿡
ŵزͷϵ亹ĿߣŮӣϰҪˣ
϶ϲ⻨ƯһŮӶϲ
һŮӣֲһŮӣǾ˵ϲϲһΪѵüͷ
һŮӡ
ŻվڲǰԶ֪ʲô
еΪѵվǰ룬һ㲻һҲ֪˵˵һǿ϶Ͳһ£
ƵĿڡ
ɾõŮе̫һҫۣϻۡ㡭
ϸŵ㣬Ҳڿ̻һŮȥҲ벻ŮʲôӦòڣô
˵꣬Ļڱǰţתӿϵװף߹ѻ黳
⻨͸㡣
ŵֱסŵĿߣȻߵĵͷ
ܾ⻨㲻ˣ
ˣûл
˵첲ϴף˦Կ׾ͳǵسȥܲ
˺˵鱧ŻתԶȥߵıӰϵŸ
⻨䲻еңǿػأƵİ룬ϵĽҲܵӰ٣һ˾ôһĴӰ칫ҳ˿϶ˬ
ܺã¥緹ûֱӿȥ絽һСʱڻҲܸˡ
·ɻӳڳһ۾ͿվȺǰߡ뿴ź˧ȺоۣԶ¶һڴЦøá
ûȥͽӹĶǴЦۺ硣
˰ɣ
ãǲǵ˺һˣ
ЦøӲãҡҡͷ
û
ҿˮˣΪȺܾأ
DDǶġ
û緹𣿡
ûԣһԡ
ʵ߸˵ǣһԡ
˵ҺܸжүȻŶӵһԷеж
DDݵĲɣ
ͦ
ʲôػǻؼҳԣ
һ·ԵȥǶԹ˻ͦ鷳ġ
ãһԣʲô
һ˵뵽˺棬СݵζȷʵڷǼζ
ȥɡ
棬ǸСݵĺ𣿡
ԣô
һ˵ǸСݣ߸оܺãϲζҲϲζǸСطˣϲϲζȷʵ
ãǾȥþû˻ͦǸζ
ѵүۡ
DDѵãΪϲġ
Ϊϲģϲ
ү۶Ӻʹ仰˵ûͷûβȻе˼
ΪǨȻ롣
Ǿһ档
ãһȥ档
ʲôĶҪҪһ
һ·ݣѳͣ³Ϊ򿪳ţ˾ߣ·һʱͷ˿Ǻĳ۵ʲôû˵
ȻŶͿ߿ŵλź˵λһˣǰտգҲյûһ
һŶ͸ˣǿʱ
Ҳڣ
ţǡ
֪յ֪ȥˣ
ս
˵߻˻ζϵĪؾĶеۡ
ûλһɣ
ȷʵûλˣܹӣӲľֻһλӣҲûѡ񣬺˺档
ܴã
Ŷֱ
ûʲôĻվ͵ûȥ
ز죡һæʱĻȥأ
һ˵𳵣Ҳ˼ʵ̤ʵ
ҿɣʱĻһǺȥ
ôһ˵ͰԸ
ãææʱĻϵңҰѵַ㣬ֱӹȥҲС
֮ô˵ҲĿģûʲô߶˼һĿȻ
ãæһȥﻹ治ҡ
ôһ˵һۺЦĿһۣɫ糣Ҳ
ʱǹȥУһ϶ڡ
èDD
ŨDD
ϰˣŵĻϲ
λˣСյǰɣ
ǣϰ𣿡
ãСĸͦãллյǾչҵ⡣
һǾ棬Ҫϰóԡ
ǺǺǨDDллллǴչ˵ģǻǺ𣿡
뺣档
ȵһ£úλӵһǶ˳һԡ
ﻶϲһԵȻãҪȳŻͦΣϰã
ϴЦȴô룬ϣϽߣﰭְۡ

218

˸˼ʲôҲ֪ʲôҲܡ
ܿϰɺչǣĺʸ࣬ĺʣðˡ
棬ϰ˳ݡ
ˣ·ɻȥϢпġ
үӲڣºҽںһ𣬾ȿڡ
У߰ɣпȥ档
õģæʱȥ㡣
ôһ˵һ۸Цøã߿ҲĴۡ
ãҵ㡣
ţˣټ
ټ
һЦˣֳ̧˻ӡ
ŤͷϽ򿪳ţ˸ʻȻתϳʱҲӻ֡
Һˡ
ãпȥ
èDD
ûգڵ⼸ûգﰵ
߹ϳٵĿȥºվ·߶ţֱʱߴӺӾ濴վԭء
СֵܣԸ˽⣬֪ûô׻֣Ȼûκαʾ˲ò취ͷڣݲκ˴⣬ڷǲУֵмС
˽ҲãԵҲգôôɣʧȥУΨʧȥֻǺͨѡ
ðô
ôʲôô
ʲô˼
ðô
Ҫҽܶ𣿡
ôһ˵߲ĹԹԼӣ
غԼƽ
ûУҲǺϵһûʲô
ûʲô˻Уͦġ
ߵһû˺󻰣ͽˣ

㻹ҪҰɣ
ߵٴαһѵԼʱ޷ݡ
Թ˿ʹѵ
ûУû˼˵Ҳʡ
׷ʲô˼
û˼;ðôǸô˵أܺÿĿ
ǺÿǽεĻһһ۾С˵˺ÿ˶ȥˣһܸпУ
ôһ˵߰ϲе⻰Ҳͬɲһ仨ô;Уû뷨á
Ҫ֪ôߣ϶ܸˡ
ҿһ۸ˣ
ţԼĳһֱţ϶ˡ
ҲǣҲǸʱ
DDûͦʱ
Լҵģһ·լ߶û̫úܶҪԼҲһûٿڡ
סСԺÿסүӸڵķ䣬סһߣ˵ķмүӵķ䡣
ֱ߰źãٴβ鿴һ鷿Ķ
춼ɹ»ģ㿴ûʲôȱģǸ׼
ȷʵõԺɹϴɾո±֣Իģ䶼ɨġԴסԺ˽ɨԼ
ɨһ۷䣬źǰһֺЩÿûôעЩ˯ϴʱڿռ߷һ˼ʰ䣬Ҳûô
ͦõģûʲôȱġ
ҿЩ˾͸㻻һ£㿴вУҪǲٸ㻻
ñĹͻҪģôһ˵ϸĴһ鷿䣬Ҳв¶ɳҲµġȥһ£Ҳûʲôãͦ⡣˵ֻǿˣÿǶסҲס˼죬ġ
ͦõģɳҲͦǰɳͦãΪʲôҪ
ҪȻҪǾɳ䲻߰롣
Ǹɳеˣ㷿ﲻʡ
ûע⣬ɳԿϸƤɳôɣ˵үԼһҾߣҲûȨʡ
˾ͺã
DDУҲҪסĸˡ
ôõķôõļҾô᲻أģסĺܸˡ
ǾͺãҲˣȺúϢһ£ġ
Сʱķɻȷʵۣ˵ʲôֻô˵ˣҲûԡ
ã˵
УϽϢȳȥˡ
ŨDD
߳ȥŸϡ
ʵۣϽϴ裬·һӣûʲôŰ߶ϴ䣬Ȼ˿ռ䣬ݸ軻һ·ų
һɵɫռĲ˿·Եɢʳùϵһ̺ӣôɳϣž˯˹ȥ

219

ǰ׼ʱ䲻ˣ߾͹˼ûƿŽȥɳ˯ˣ棬˯׾Ϸ۷ۣ˳ĺڷƤסֻ¶ıӺͷۺ촽һ̺Ӵ䣬˯Ƶģƽ˼ֿɰ˼ĮС
߾ôվſڲɵÿԣ˯˯ͻȻозνһȵߣ۾Ϳվſڣ۾
ˣ
ֿ⣬ɫˡ
춼ˣ
ڸ˯ѣɳƣͷең˼Сߵ궯ѹסԼװµؿ˿ֱ
һ㣬Ѿ׼ˡ
ɳ˸Ƿ۾ɵĺˣ˸һֻۿɰСѾ̺¶Բ཰۵Ľָͷôߵôôÿɰ
ֻôһ۵Сžֶ̺Ȼ󱻲Ь۵һ˿ϧû뵽ŮӵĽŻôƯôɰ
߰ȥԷ˰˰ɣ
ûУҲá
˵߸һ¿ˮ
˯Ⱥȱˮ
ߵȻҲȻû־ͽӹһˮһȹ⣬ȻĨĨǡ
ллү
㻹ֱӽְɣô֣
ðǾͽ֡
èDD
˨DD
ŨDD
ߨDD
ߣߵĸ⻶죬Լִ͵Ľгˡ
ڨDD
ǽ߰ɣ߸оŤ㱾ͱҴֱӺ־еʣе㲻ڡ
Ұߡ
ߣˡ
߸磬߸ҲС
ҪʲôõĻ˰ɣҽв
ʲôʲôͽʲôֻҪ˳ܽгС
ͽߣܽʲô
ȻܣԽбģ硭
ûϵʲôУҲ⡣
ãͦģǵĴҹǲǶԵˣ
ûУҪ汻ԵܵڻǹһңûҪˣ
ôܣôôôûҪǲ۹̫ˡ
߿һۣ۹̫ˣߵ˭벻ۣ˭صϲ㣬⻰ֻ룬ɲ˵
һ۹ܲ𣿡
⻰Ҿ͵ڿң۹ߡ
ǿ۹ߣǸôôɫŮһˣ;˶벻ۣ˵һô죿
ǺǺǺǨDDôһ˵ѵҺһ
DDô⣬Ҫ⳥ĻҲ⡣
Уô⳥㣿
ҪҲţ㡭
Ҫ뷨ãʵܲпᣬҲֻ롣
ôһŰɣ
DDǣ뷨
Ϊˣý˵ҿ
ֻˡ
⻰߿Ц˵˵ģһ񣬼ɫ糣ûʲôӦ
ң˰ɣ
Ҿôų
ǺǺǨDD෴̫ұѹԺиôɫôƯɷ򣬵մǲݲðôӣ
⻰ְϲܣĻʲôݲݣ޵ĻҲ벻ۡҲˣ
£ȫҲϲܡ
⻰һᵱģմǲݵԩˣ˵ˣǹһˣ϶ҲˣҲѹһҵӣĶǣܻٿһۡ
߼ۣ˵һĪһ£ԼҲ֪ʲôԭֻӦӦþ˵ģϸ
ҪӻҸ
˵ЩԶԶҪΪҸˡ
ܺĿһۣ˵ĳĵ
ףҵӡ
DDллҾûܿ졣
ãĿһ
ȥԷǶ׼ˡ
èDD
һ·Ĭȥ˲ҳʦˮƽȻܺãҲ׼øʢȻֻˣĵ׼˻ذ˸ˣѼⶼУͺζ
ǰ£Ȼ߾ͰֱߣӸһϺ⡣
㳢ʣ͹ġ
ʷ۵Ϻ⣬֪ⶫζôҲûͳһڣȻۻҲһӸߡ
ܺóԣҲ
߼ĲУζǲԵĶҪ
óԣԵ㣬ٳ㣬ϸմģҲʡ

220

ǰԺ˼ȦһԺӵʯϿ
ʲôţ
ȥ俴һ£뿴ҰƷô
һȥҰǲ˺üˣиⷽĹˣ˵ҰƷʺܺá
ҰЧǱֲҪãΪβ룬ЩƷʲõҲӰ졣
ȥҲһ¶ƿӺСӣƷ͹ˡ
Чͦߣ
뿪Ц滰Ŀߺá
Чʲ߲УҪֱ鷳ˣ
еĿߣкԼû
ʲôʱ㣿
㲻ǵˣ
üͷ룬ûаʶȻʱ䲻ãûãҡҡͷ
û°ɣ
ίĿ
ϴ˵֮ʱ㲻𣡡
ǽ
˼ҵʱӦ˾;Ͳˣ
ǰ˶ô˵֮죬֮Ϊֻҵʱһ˵ųǳ붼ʹѵ
Լţһʹӣ治֪˵ʲôá
ǻ治˼˺Ųˣ˵ˣҿɲҪ
Ϊʲôǳóû»û
Ҳ˵̫ˡ
DDôһ˵ҾȻҲԼͦá
߿ЦЦ̹
ʲô˵˾ͺá

糿һͳȥױƷӹ䡣
˵ʱѾвʵĻռЩǸĸŮܱɽժġͬĻֵĺϸһƷȷʵڷǵĵλú򣬻ںܳƷʺܺáٰѹһ㣬񾩶ֲƷʻҪá
һ˾ǵĻױƷϵҪߵΪƷѾټ˹ժҰķҲȽϸߣһļлȡ͵ĻȫԷĴ󵨵־ͺʹ¶ݸֲͬƳͬĲƷʱ򷱳ǵĻױƷȾĸḻ
ر𿴺һҲİѻױƷƷڷ
߿ϸĲ鿴ÿֻеƷͲ֪⣿
ô
ܺãϵĺá
ǾǴɣںܳЩڿ
ÿɿ˰ѿһ㣬ֻܴС
⻰Ҿͷˣõģÿ칩ӦĻҲܶ࣬ĲС
ױƷʽͶöһЩϸڣװкͻױƷƿҲ⣬ԺôӪҲԲߺãͶȫȨԷġ
̯æԺѾķ㣬ǵĳڽɽ£ֻܿȥҡ
˵Ҹ񿴼ҵӣ̲ͻѾԹ緹ˣҲ֪ǡ
Сׯ԰ĺܺã̲ͻæ޼ǰ԰Ļݣ߽ܾȡ
С㣬үǻˡ
̲߽Ͻкһֱׯ԰ʰԺӣҲˣȻׯ԰ˣǶȻ𾴡
С㣬㼸ʱǵģ
ȵľݺһ֣ׯ԰ĻݶӴģʮ꣬ʵͣ񵱳ǵԭ
絽ǵģôϢһ£ʰֲż˯һ
ллСģǲۣһ޼ˡ
̲˲ͷϵĺЦЦ
С㣬үǳԷ𣿡
ôƺ治ϰߣ˵ü˶ûãôƺ
ûأǸմɽ
ȥ
˵ŻĶժ²ñͼææȥ
ллҪһУԵ
úãǸϽȥϢһͺá
˵Ѿٵ˳Ǹӡ
̲粻æˣȥϢϻ
úãʣµ
ȷʵҲۻˣ¾Ͳ붯ˣ̲æŸǶ˲赹ˮ
лл̲
豭ͺȣӾǿʻˡ
С绰ҿԸͷˮȥ
ȥ鷳ҲһɽϾͿˡ
տʳҲѾ׼ˣһͿԿʼʱǾͲôˡ
ûʲôģгҹȥҲܽ㿴ǶġҪȥҵԵģȵӡ
ãȺȵˮһ÷ˣʵǺܶǿˡ
ãȺȵˮ
̲Ͻֵˮһ꣬˲ž̹١

221

ܿ컨ķҲˣһһˡ
СүǿԷȼ򵥳Ե׼ġ
ãлл
Ͻȥʲô򵥲򵥵ģȳԱ˵в㡣
лл
Ҳòĸлһûдүļӡ
ӦõģӦõģȸϽԣ˰ɣ
еˣû뵽æô
ҵˣǺҲ죬Ȼ˵䡣
үھ𣿡
ģ˼ҺأԵĺúȵĺñڷǻҪ̹Ҫġ
Ǿͺã˼Ҳˡ
Ҳô˵ʲô¶ܣˡ
үб£Ҳǳ¶
ûҲѧ
ϽԷүӾУȳȥæǸϽ԰ɡ
·ľͳȥҲʼسԡ
緹ԽžûˣռĶǾûóԣԺܶʱϲһæ㣡
ǴųԵĶˣŻ˵úãǸ֣һٲԶĻţ⻰һû
緹׼˯þ⼸ܸõȥæµ顣߾ͲˣޱϤϴסķ䶼ڣȻк
ߣȥ˯ˡ
ȥɣúϢ
˵⻰ʱų磬ԼԾ˵ʱᣬٲȻƽʱʶү
û¥˯
һ̫Ѿƫ¥ͼźüˣ
үΪ϶ܸһ¥
ϰ弪ԡ
үñ£ԽԽá
ϰ
ү˵ĿģҵгɣԺã÷ǵĴСǷĴҡ
ϰ
үΪ˲֪˲ʱĺˡŶ־ƳǿӰһ涼ѣǵĴСϱĶһأܼүһۣ
DDϰϴεƵˣҳţڼﰲȫ
ԷĻᣬҲٸ˵ʲô˶ǷͷǺһȣе㲻
֮ҲΪϲζĺҽҲãҲգʱǲòаͽߣ˭ϵأ
ΪеʶֶΣϴζҳֵĻң󱻻߸ʰ˸ɾ
ҵĲҵܿϵĶˣϵľ͸õ˼ҡԺϡԷϲȦﶼ߱үӸֶΣͷԣ˭ټ񽻺ãҪԶϺ·ԾĹ
ڷʢȾƲ̣ҲȥӦꡣƳ϶ӰǵĴС㶼ܸ˵һ仰ʸ飬ҪеʲôǾ͸ˣ
ļҵŮҪܼ޽ңǼֱϻˣ飬ӲЩ˼ӰҲǰգǼ
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224

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225

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226

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ͻȻַһ̻

227

˵һʯ㣬һֻϺһСϺһˡ
òˣ˻ȥλϣ߾
ǲʲô뷨
ţȥһ¡
á
ºߵȻԸ⡣
˺ŴԼ裬ſڼŮ졣
ôƫ˭ѽ˶ܡ
˵ľǣǿ϶˵ˣҲûҪ
ǰܼӣҲ飬Ҷˡ
ĺˣôأ
ϧǼԺˣס˺üˣԺִֿ
ĵһûһģˣ˼̯ϸܼҵĶҪլ
ͻȻ˼طܺ÷羰ҲãҪиСԺӣżססҲܺá
߼ϸ棬֪ʲô
ҪԺӰ
ţ극ȥɡ
ãġ
ģһ仰аǧ谮Ҳܸߡ
һʼ̫ٶۣûʲôԾ
СʱĵȴǵĲˡ
ûʲôʵļҳҲΣȴ
ԷĿյڸղԺӵ顣
壬ղ˵ǴԺ𣿡
˼Ժס˺üˣСأ
ʲô˼
˵һգ⺢СʱŲ˾ͱˣȥǷһƨɵծû취ͻլ
ס
趼ˣǶˣһˣȥĶȥĶ
˽˸ÿ
һܴȥ𣿡
Ժӣ
ţﾰɫܺãһżסס
û˵Ĳ˵ɫǺסҲˡҴǹȥԺǲִֺãȻס˺üˣӺܽʵ
лл壡
ллû׼Ժھأ
ǺǺǡ治˵
ݶӣۣ˳ư壬Ůлƴƣӡ
߳극ȥԺӡ
Ӵﴩȥͷȥ
ԺӾǰ棬ͷһƬҵġ
˳Űָķ򿴹ȥͷиСɽܿɽݶ߱߸ǽܡ
⼸ضģǰ滹һƬأôš
ҪԺһ𣿡
ҪĻԣʱ򡭡
˵һұ߶Ժһ긾ŮɫţܱĨᣬܹ
ɩӣôˣ
壬䲻ˣúõ˾ôˡ
첻ǻȥôôͲˣ
˭˵أ⺢Ӱ̫ˣ
ڼϽȥæ
Уſˣȥдơ
˵ŰĨᳯСݶȥ
Ĵ¶߿϶ûٹȥˡ
壬ȥæɣǾͲˣ´˵
忴еΪѡ
⣬ȥҲûã˶ˡ
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Ƿ纮⺢࣬һˣҲһϺ㣬岻û񱻺紵Һܱ߶и˾ˣǿˣ
ˣһŮȷʵۣܿͻȻȥûоȡ
壬ܴܲȥһҽ
⣬ܣǸղŰɩ˵ˣ˶첻ˣҪǲЩҾʹȥ
ûʲôýģȥܾȾ;һҲ
Уллƣǽȥɣ
壬壬˵ء
ææܹһʮϱܹ˵žĵؿˣϵĲ
ϱ㡭⡭һȥɣλҽ
ϱĨı߿˿л
лл㣬лл㡭
ǽȥһ£ܲҲ֪
ܲζлл㣬ˡ
л˵ĺܿ
˽󣬿ûһܶ˶ţûϵ˸ԶԶģܽȥҲǺˡ
˴ҴҽȥҲû˼Ժӣ͸Žһӡģصʵʵſڵ⼸˵˴ǰ
һŮɫҵؿڵı΢΢е⣬û
Ŵ򿪣
úúá
ղſСϱϼϽܹȥŴһʱöˣû⣬ڴŮӵָһŷ֡
о𣿡
һֱվĬĬŵʡ
ӦûУ԰ɣ
ãΪ
š
ߴӰ߸Ҫ
壬˻оȣϽЩ׾ƣԽԽãһˮҪ죡
úúãȥþƣǶУϼ׼ˮ㡭
˵ſڳ˳ȥܣߴĸϼ˵
ˮˮǰɣˮˮȥˮ
ϼˮڵתȦȦת˼ȦŷӦҲܳȥ

228

Ƚӣһˮͽˡ
ҪʲôˮȵĻõģĻȵģҡҸһˮҡ
û£ϴõģʲôС
Ҳûô࣬Ͻȥϴ֡
ϴɾҿҲҲһֵĶ߸ϽԼͳݸ

š
²꣬ȥ
ϼǰɣ
Զԣҡ
Ѳ˵ıƿ¿ӽ⿪

ϼе£һʱûӦ
ӽ⿪Ҹ룬ĲҪƽôࡣ
ŶŶãԶԡ
ͬͬŵܹȥһƿӣͽⰢµĿӡ
˱ϾŮģ˼վ
룬͵Ȱϼ׼á
ͷһߣֱͦվԼЦ
ߣҸطϢŵȰɣûô졣
ôУرˣҸһ죬վȺܾãҲ֮¡
û£㡣
䣬Ժ˽ŲһͲˡ
ˣ׾
ýҵء
ˡ
ıŰƿӰ׾ƾܽˡ
䲻ǲô
˶ûˣʲôȰϹ𣿡
˾ߣ˶û˻ʲôѽ
ʲô˸俴˶û˻ʲô
⣬ô죿˻ʲô
ſˣſڼˣԺҲվˣ۷׷ףţð׾Ʋϴ˰壬׼ȵ롣
ԺߣԺ˵ͺһ
죬Ҫȥ
˼˳ڣˣҲףһͲͨˣûĵվﲻҶ
Ժû˷˵߽ȥվ
һͲӣðϼϽȥˮ
ϼɩӸϽȥˮιҩ
ŶãϾ
ִҴҵܳȥһͶһˮܵһСӡ
ˮˡ
Ӱͳһҩ
ҩСĵĻιˡ
ôһ˵СĽӹСҩˮĻιϵİȥ
򣬰ɫ˺ܶࡣ
ţġ
̫ˣллллҪ㰢̧ͣȥˡ
еŵĿ˻û̧ȥ
Ϊʲôǻ𣿡
δŮӣҪȥ˻ᾡȥˣڼߴͣ
񳹵֪˵ʲôãܶϰ߶޷⡣
ַ׺ܶطУز˵ĺһҲڼͣһּɻ䡣
ÿطвͬķϰߣ޷⣬벻ͨҲ˵ʲôΪֻһˡ
һȥڴϴ俴ûôˣɫҲöˣиࡣ
ϼȥѿӸϵĸϱӣ͸˯һ
ΨһһдҩȻʰöһӡ
ԺŮŮʮˣųߺ񿴡
ӸϽŲӳ˳
򣬰оûȣ
ģѾû¶ˣҿŷӽ˭
Ժ˽ͷӶֿʼۣʱʱŲ￴
ӶһۣҲܸˣм
ӸҰɣǾȥץҩллллˣҪ㰢亢Ӿͣ͡
ôʮеġ
УⷽӸǣһҩһηãò˺úԵ嵭ӪĶ
úãҶסˣлл鷳ˡ
ҲлʵҲ۰
鷳ܾȻһˣҲܸˡ
ˣǴиˣҸл㣬ٻҲС
ʵ˵˵ĻܳϿҺġ
Ҳĵˣһ١
ã˶ãǴҶá
Ǿˣ¾ˡ
ȵȵȣǷӵ¶ʣȻûˣǾ͸һˡ
еò⣬˿ߣΪԼʱ䣬Ƕ˺þá
һۣ߾֪Ĺǡ
û¶Ƕһ
ǺãǾߡ
ŰȥԺӣԺӺܴǰиС԰ӲݴʵľӿЩͷ˵ȻܽʵĽṹһƬĻĵأʵҲǻĵǷΪû˴泤˻Ĳݡ
ұߺɽҲܿһ㡣泯󺣣ǰл԰в˵أдɽסլСԺ΢һסͺ

229

ûˡ
˶ֲ֪Ķȥˡ
ԺתһȦҲûӰ
绰룬ʺ˸绰Ҫо͹еĻҲʡһˡ
ԣ鷳ˣʵʱ˳߶еĵضʹһҪҪǲصĻԺҲҪ
ģ϶
鷳ˣҵ绰
úãģһ绰
˵绰ͺ뿪
˿ֱȥԼÿëߵĵط
ٻʱѾ˺ܾãһŮںȲ죬һеլһų͡
Ǽʱ򶼺ܾȡޡ
Ϊ߸Լõص㣬û˵ʲô˹ȥûǺһȥƷи߽үһƯʳڵŮһ֣ܲ
ȵĲֹЩĳͨʣǹˣ͵ŮǾʹûм
ˣ
ųͼ񣬱ҲʶһŶվк
ллŹӣ
ʲôʱ򵽷ǵģ
ǰյ
ʱĻԶٷҺͰֵܣǼ˶ûԹе˵ȥ
ų⻰˵ܵԷһ£߹ϵҲһ£С㣬Ǿһˡ
һٷҲԶܺùϵȻò
Ժлġ
ҲܿףҪûʱ䡣
ʲôʱؾ
û鵢󣬾ء
ǻûʱ䣡
´ΰɣ´ʱԼǡ
Ͼߵĺֵܣ˵ų˻ͦأҲû̫֡
ãȻСڣʱúѧѧ
ˣҾϹ棬ûʲôֵ˵ġ
治ôΪһҪôϲҪôȤССֵûʲôֵġ
ġ
ųͻȥûȥ£ǳȻظһ裬
Ⱥȱ裬һ·㶼ûˮϻġ
š
ûĽӹȥͺȣһϤһȵȻǧٱһ
ֱɵԱߵˣ˶˲赹ˮүû˵ôᣬôСϸǸ룡
ǻϹǵۣ
ѯųͣһ̽ǻǰүǼٵġ
ųͰһۣҲȥ¡˵ģҲǰ߸סˡٿȫˣԭү׹밮ӣ޷԰Ρ
ֻǿɫ壬ûһеĸоͷһͷȣ
ų;һ˲Ĵ£ҲȸԾſүЦ
¶ǣ߽ӹ豭ؿ
Ҫ𣿡
Ҫˣһٺȡ
з䣬ҪҪϢһ£
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ؼȡߣ鱶áЦݲõһضγˮԱߵһŮݷᣬＵʡ
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ߣǽһ¡
˵ųԱߵӣʮ߰꣬˧󷽣üۺЦһǼĹӸ硣ҲǣܺһһؿһЦߡ
ߵɨ˶һۣĲ豭Ŀһ
ҼС񡪡
˵õĳһЦ豭Լ˷ܡ
εĶһ԰ۣһŮһŮڶҵСˣʲôû˵
Сģͣ²豭СԴ
ôôɰ
ɰˣ
һ㲻ԣ治ϲÿɰоеûӵ˼
ߣ˵ҿɰ㼱вҵͷִƵġ
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ߵɫյٵ籩꣬һԵﰵˬ
Цôһǵ¶ⱨӦ˰ɣ
ҲǴ壬Ҳ壡
żҪٴȷһ£Ҫġ
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û˵ǣҲ񣬿ͷʱе񡣡
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ֻҪǴ壬һҲУ߽Ÿˣת硣
ո˵⻰ֳͷ֣һ˸䣬һС䡣
ԽԽˣͷڸĳɾˣĺݺݵصۡ
߰Ե⣬ĵ۾Ͻͳڴ
Ǽһûأ
ɨ˶һۡ
Ըղ˵ǺģλǽţλСˣҪĻġ

230

߸ղŵĽܣͻȻǷϲȦഫҽǾȵͬʱҲ˼źùϵ
ãǺģߵĺֵܣڷʲô¿ԾܿڣǶѣÿ
õģллпҲȥ档
´ΰȥʱһȥ档
ãӭ㡣
ߣ´ߵʱľߣ缸Ҳȥ£
ųе㱧ԹؿߣԹ
˵û´һȥҲȥʶʶȥ
ӽŶһֱû˵ĽҲˣȻŸ䶼࣬ǽϵܶ࣬ҲǸ򵥵
ллʱһȥȥҲͦ˼
Ǻãʱ鷳ˡ
ˣѲ˵Щ⻰
ȻżҲ֪Ϊôܺһ𽻺õĶˣ˵Ҳ
Ƕȥɲң˵һζûȥȥҲã񣬵ʱȥ㡣
ʮ󷽣Ҳˬʣ˵ĨǣϲԸ
ã˽㵽ʱȥңҴú档
ððôһ˵Ҿ͸ȥˣҲѧѧ¡
˵űߣ뿴Ƥãˮˮë׶Ľ
Ƥãװ۵ɾõʲôѽ
ôһ˵Ҳ˼ۣͻȻֺ
ҲȻǲ˵ʲôҲͦͬƤǺãСˮ۰׾ǼŮﳤãƤõġ
ԼƷҪϲһʱȥҪǵĲƷܿͻ
㻹ױƷڷͰһϻģֱ̫񣡡
ţڷǺһϻģڣ߶Ļ϶ҾǸ˦ƹ񡣡
б£ҲǶ˵ҽرױƷë⣬̫ˣ
ҲãάҲգ˵ûҪ֪񾩶һ̯£֪θ룿
ⶼССģûʲôֵġ
̫ǫˣŮӱ˵Լˣеҵ׶ţ죬͸ԼбƵġҼб£͵ǫŮӣģҲƭ㡣
ǺǺǡеˣҲţһأڻ̤̤ʵʵɻҪ
Цü˶֣ٴٺãҲˣȫš
ǺǺǡ涺˼ֲðôϡ㣡
⻰˵꣬գգۡˣҲЦζ
ͷЦſһߣͬĵͷɰע߸ֻˡ
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ۡȿȿȡ
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Ҳȵǳ鴤ĸ޿̣ͷһ棬Ҳʼ
ȿȡţͦͦʲôͦɿġ
ŵ׹񣬿˼£סЦ⣬ǻ˵߶ݺݵĵһۡǵЦԽԽ󣬲Զ뿴Ц
ʵû취⾫СԴ治֪ôģ̫˼ˣ
ҲóչָģȥĳŲԸ⵱أѡѡѡ˺ɷĸУΨԸǳ
ζӳ£һѾüģ̧ͷԹĿ
񡪡
еֱ£ëˡ
˵
ҲǳҲǴ壬ĺѻߺҲУ´Ҫ˵ǳһģ
˵ᣬҲᣬëëġ
ҾǱһ£û˵ǣȻҴö꣬û㵱忴
߾óԼžУҪĻᵱѪ
öꣿžͱǼʲôֻ꣬м꣡
Ǽ겻Ǻö꣬㣬ʮ꣬Ҷʮ꣬ұŴ꣬Ű꣡Ǻö꣬治డ񡭡
͡
ȿȿȡ
ȿȡ
ǺǺǡ
żˣ˿ĴЦֹһүҲн찡
ٿһ֪ΪʲôӦô󡣼ﰵ⣬пͷˣٶֿɰӣôҾúЦ
үడ׻һãȻ֪ԼʲôүпԣĲС

231

ŬԼƽֳĿôأ
Ǹɾ͸۾ҲһĸԼСʲôԼһᶮҲԼ⡣Ӧİ⣬ֳ־
ߣܽ˵Ҵ𣿡
Ҳ벻ΪʲôӦô󣿿ǲԸ˵󣬱ϾҲ챼ˡ
Ҫ֪뷨϶ᵱѪ
⣬ô˵Уұͱ꣬˵˱ŮĴɿаȫУ㲻Ҳô𣿡
˵ı⣬˱Ů˴ɿʲô¸ɿأ˵ӡ
ȫû뵽ЩͦɿԼҲܵҲæ˵Ҳû
Ȼ챼ˣҾ޷ı䣬ҪԣʮҲȻᰡǾܿɿأⲻҲŵûʲôģԺҪô⡣
Ц඼ˣû뵽ôȿɰһĿߣֱ߽䣬̫˼ˣЦᶼˡ
˵ĺܶԣҲ⣬ҾñͦãһҲܿĺڡû⣬Ҳ⣬治⡣
Ǿͺãо仰˵úã˾ƣʱԽԽζġ
⻰ߵ̫ߣո˵˲Ȭ̹ѵĸЬƵġ
Ļˮƽ˵ҵ
СүӵĿ޺ͺг⻰˵ëëҲ˳
˱ĵĿߣһӻˮӶ࣬ҪĴС⣬ˣڲ࣡
˫λαӵ۾ߵȻ۶񣬿õ
˱һѾΪԼ˵أ
˵Ĳ𣿡
ǺǺǡԶԣ˵ͦãͦãͦ
ߵ΢Цע£ֻļٻ˵úܶԲԼôģô죿үǲ
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ǵŮԣⷶΧе㡣
µѧŮͯϵʮ̫̫ôشװֻү¡
ûû˵Ҷû˵ûϲûϲ
˵˺޲øԼͣʲôǿػ̭ˣĲҿߣɨ۹ϵĶ豭Ⱥȵˮ˵
ȿȿȡ߾̫ˣһû˸ϲ䲻Ա
ų˵˵Ҳе˵ȥˣǵŮԶϲʵŮӶ࣬ڰʮ̫̫Ͳˡ

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ҾЦЦЦЦͦãҲϲҡ
ϲң
ЦøᣬźĿͷ
ϲϲһ㶼ϲûϲûϲ
ģ㣬
ͷЦǺģҲԩ͸ղǷҲЦˡ
ԶԣЦ
ųҲͷЦ⣬źЦֹ
ǺǡͦЦͦЦǺǺǡ
ҲһɨЦֻҪЦүôá
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ǶӲҪǣȥëߡ
á
߱˼һֱۣȥĲֿ⡣
Ҳ̫ʲô˰ɣû뵽Ҳн졣
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ųͽֿ⿴˿ûߵӰŷġ
ϴҿЦ֪ôûûҹæ£Էʱ䶼ûУʣһ붼ᣡ
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ˣȥ濴ëˡ
˹ϵĿҲ±ȥ˵
ߴȥĲֿתһȦǴϸһɫëߣƷɫʶܺãҲ⣬Ϳ۸ˡ
𣿡
ͦãܲͲ֪۸ô
۸ãǼ˺ϻ⣬ġ
˵˾ͽˣ⣬Ȼġ
ͼֱҪɰ˾ϲˡȻûǮ˺ϻССģͦϲ
ĴֱǸľһھҪǿһû뵽һССĹûκ˵տֵܰزʵ˺ϻë⣬Ȼû˰ģҲúܲס

232

ǮţûôǮ͹
ˢʲôڶڣȸǸ˶ʣһˡ
ͣǼҲǼҲȥ棬ʱǾС
һȦǲ֪оۻᣬүˣ֪Ҳװ֪
ǣһˣǼ˹ȥ棬С
ųͺģ˵߸ξ鷳ˡ
УҵĻǽȷ
һ췢һ쵽Ļ϶δС
Уһ绰ߣģ϶ܸ㷢ˡ
ظ֤ҲүǰãǿˣֻҪ⣬û˵
һг̰Ҳˣʱ䲻ˣһ߾ܾˣؼҺ񹲽ͣ⼸һԣûθڡ˵ˣҪ뿪ʱ䲻أпǳԷ
˲֪ߵ뷨Ҫ֪ϵÿڱ
ͷûصش뿪һ·լȥ
Լңߵ鷳
ðɣ˵Ҳоݣ޻˵
Զȥĳиж
û뵽߻ôһ죬Ҫ
ԿҲһ̣;ԼԼˡ
ſԶ˵Ŀ˵һ˾ǲһ뷨ء
ŮӣǸ˶ԺãΪŮ˶ͦá˳úáб¡ص͵ͦ˼Ҳ֣˵ǰߵľˣͿûˣ
ò˵˿⿴͸룬ҲˬʵԸϵ
ܲһ㣡
ų͸̾ȷʵһ㣬˦ºܶ˵Ůһ
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˵Ŀò˵˵Ļʵ
ϧôõŮˣôħͷˣôûôõܸ˻ŮӸˣ˾;ˣƤĴŮӵע⡣Ҳˣ˵Ůӻһ֪һ𣬳ñѡ
Ŀ뿪·ڰ̾һݣ֪Ϊڲʲô´£
֣֪˵ħͷ֪˵úúңǵøεİ
ųͽŵҿûˣ֪˵ǵָ߽æ£ѲƤǺõģҪڹŴһ󱩾
˵еıħͷǱߣٿһ·ң˰ܰĳ˶ǰĻ԰һȦʳ
صСԺӣһ裬鷿ȱ¡
СתһȦǲʲô㣿
ʱϸʱ߾֪뷨
뷨ʡ
ô
С帽е㣬˵
һ;úѶȣ㲶ͺҲû;䣬˵뾩ôԶе㲻С
ʣ϶Ҫʣ˵Ϻ˻ôҾû
˵ҿǹˣĲʲô⣬ܱ֤Щܻʲʣһ͡
ôһ˵ߵȤҪ⼼ȫҿá
⼼Ǿû⡣
϶УһܺãûȤһ𣿡
Ӵһ֮
ô˵˿϶Ȥȫ
úһ߶㣬ͷ͵Һæµ
ξһȫͬ⣬һûСҺô࣬һξǳһġڶξ˺ܿɿܶ԰죬Ҳ̫ۡ
ֲõĶ˵߱үӻֶΣһٲĳԶ˼ϸ壬ôܲأ
ԣһͦãҲ̫ۡ
ǺǺǡҾô룬Ҫ̫ǵõġ
㵱Ҳ⡣
ʲĻ˵һ绰˵һ£еĻһˣٺһȥҲС
Ҫ뿪ﻹͦʧ䣬ͷϵ鰲һ£ûؾ졣û뵽Ҫٶ죬Ļŭţ˵ϹƵʧߡ
ðԺһ£ҪеĻǾ찲źãҿŸǻȥÿ԰Ǳ߶һҾͿԿʼӪ
Уһ͸绰Ҫչ˾ʵĺൽÿһԡ
ѣչ˾ˣҷǵĺչ˾Ҷкк顣
ţţģҲţţģ¶û˵ˣϸöãһ²ƾͿӪ
˵ˣкöǰĺܶྭ飬ȫá

233

˵ʱˣڿհ״̬ǾʻúҲûСƽʱԵĻ㶼ǵˮ㣬뿪ͷΪһзһˡ
͸ھξһ绰ϸ˵һ飬ξ붼û룬˵ڶҪǿ
ξͨ绰ָүȥһ绰˵죬˼ҲҪġ
Ȼָֽȥһ绰뼸٣弸Ҳ˵ֽдã˲ڣֽڿдˣ˵㡣
鰲׵ҹ鷿дһݼ򵥵üƻ顣Լϸһ£ͦҲףҲܸߡڶҲһ£Ͼøͷ˵ûһøϸ£Ժ϶ܺˡ
ڶϣһͽӵξõ绰˵úûƱϵú࣬ǹƵõʮˡ
˵Ҳûϵ缸СʱСʱ顣
緹дüƻϸÿһ飬ûʲô⣬ϸںǵⶼˣǮУҲܿһ⣬Ҳò
дúϸܵûʲôʣһ¡
ţһ£Щϸڿûʲô
˵ʲô
ʲô϶򵥳ԵƵв
Եɣ绹顣
ôһ˵ͻȻ¡
Ҹô
ȻԣүԳ
ԣߦ𣿡
Ŀǰᣬóðҿ
ԣҪҰæ𣿡
ҵŮֻԾУʲô
湻ãˣ
֪ڼ
ΪԸۣܿҵҡ
˾ͺãν
Ȳ裬Ǹһȥ
ȥæһү³÷ɡ
ðôô
ͷԣŷˡ໹еƤʵһ취ûС
Լ֪һ취ûУֻһãһðݣҲûʶԼкܴòͬ
ʶʱߴѰܲ͸磬֪ʱкθ롣
ȥĮ̰̇øߣһϴ˵ϴˣв˵вˣߦߦڸ֡
˵⻰һ㶼١򵥵Ҳģڼļ򵥣еĳ䱡߸ӣʼĴϺ͸ֺʡϸ棬ʲôشһַǺҲģһѧ
˵߻ѧӾԺͰгļλ̣û¾ڳѧˡζòȲ˵Щ򵥵Ĳ˶Ϊүӵһ仰μɼôӣ
ѧ³տŲ
ЦŵͷѧֻҪΪ㣬ʲôѧ
ѧһ㲻ǰԺҲ㡣
Цῴ˵˵ļɣҲˡԼԣҲ֤Ѻܲ
ԺпڸˣǳҲ㡣
Ϊ㷽ȥѧĳգ⻰ﰵ룬û˵
ʱԸ棬ҹҲԡ
ƽʱԾͺˣҹĻˣϰӴе̫˵ˡ
ᣬΪҵҡ
ٲҵûãûҹϰ⵹ģûԹ
ϵĶ׼ãϴĺܸɾ̵Ҳ׼ˣͿʼ档
һڹˮԺ棬һڹҺõļȥտϴõĺʷŽȥ΢һ£ԺáСˣʢȻõͷȥܺõͺˣ˵ͦ
߰뺣˹ȥڲӿ׼ãȥһһСˡ
ԷˣҵŮˡ
Σ£ӣӶںá
ԼҲ棬ڴĿӺһ
ζô𣿡
һ˵ζϡ
ζܲǱһҵĺóʦ
ôһ˵ŵһҲˣҲӳһڣζ治Ҫúøлİ̡
ζУ㳢ô
Ӽһͺܲһڣֻˬ־ζһ㲻ݵĲ
ܺóԣݵϰĶã
˵꣬Ҳ˲ʲôʹڴڵĳ档
ŶİŮڴڳĶҸ㡣
ҪԺÿﶼΪĵĳ꣬˵Ҹ

234

һټ򵥵ֲ򵥵緹꣬ԺȲ裬ų͡ġš˺ͺǾ͵ˡ
һ۸߹ߵԱߡ
ǽ𣿡
е¿߲ˣ졣
æпտȥͦãˡ
һ˵Ȥ
㿴оô
ͦãܰԼȥʲôĶʦҲڣٸĸġ
ȥ
ҪæĻҿԹ㡣
⻰һΣʮ㡣
Ҫȥ¶æһȥ㲻ܣ鷳
νЦЦ
ųͺҲԹԵ£豭Լ裬һҲ
ŵһ裬һ۾һ
ߣ治ģ
裬߾͵ˡ
軹򲻵
򲻵
ģ
ţӾģүү˼Ҹҵġ
˵µɨ˿һۣЦſ
үүүү
ɫĿֿ٣ദĲүӶϲҶˣ
Ψк豭ҲϸϸƷһڡ
治ֲ˼ϴ˵кò裬´ȥ˼Ҫˡ
߱ĿһۺǾνȥͣүҲܸˡ
пȥ棬˼ϲ˺ȾƺȲ죬ȥ϶ܸˡ
үӣô˵Ȼ֪⻰١
Ҽˣүүһˣǲһ㣬ʱ
ֻ֪үϹս϶ҲһҲ
ھһɢˡ
ԼүүͷԲ֪үӵˣҲ
ɻû뵽Ҳүӡ
ʲôҲû˵ҲûүӵΪ֪͵϶Ը˵
үүҲǣ
˺һڲ裬Ҳ
ϴ˼졣
´˼Է
ãǻǹ꣬ʱԿȥҼ档
ãʱȥ棬Ҳݷһүү尢̡
֪⣬֪飬Ҳû⡣
á
ˣ尢ʲôģ
߸ղžнŵĿ񣬼ɫûʲôġ˽һʣϽѹ
˼ߵǵĿ񣬾ͲµܺС
ҲеðˣʻˣҪ˵Ŀڡ
ҺСʱְ־ˣҲȥˣүү͵ܵˣҲһӡ
˵̹ûһѹֻܼǿ
еھΣⲻʡ
ԲҲ֪汧Ǹ
ô˵Ҳǲ֪˵һҲûʲôҰְȻˣǣҲܸˡҰְǴӢۣΪŮҺܽȻȥһ磬ܾǾߣûʲô
һô˵ޱͨ͸Ůĺ١
ôͺãҾġ
ģֻǳԶ˶ѡ
Ҳֲ֪û˵飬ͻȻ
һʱû˵Ҳ֪˵ʲôȲĺȲ裬ŵš
ߣ綼ʲô˶𣿡
ӽŵڽһֱںȲ裬Ǹ谮ˣе䳡ſڡ
Ǽңࡣ
ǹ𣿡
ǰɣңҽ
˿һЦֵһ衣
˵أүүֲڼңⲻ겻ڵա
⵹ʵүүȥԺû
ͬʱ롣
ǿɲ㣡
ôвңô𣿡
˾ͺˡ
룬иȣЦػ˭ѽ
ʵǰѼ˸Цˡ
⻰û㲻һˣǵЩǣĸɫ°
˵˵˱˵
⻰ҲͬǼûɫ
ûɫҲûٱΣ⻰ֻ룬ɲ˵ħͷˣŷǡ
˵Ӷ˾ͽ˵п˵ˡ
߰ӷҲͰ͵ģ·Ҳ㻻
Ա㣬ȥǰ濴
ȻǺСģȻ
Ŀ
ȥǰкٹҺĺۡ
⣬ҲԸȥǰ档
ȥɣʱ䵽˽ҾС
ţҪȥ˯һҲУż
ðɣҲүĴٲżŶ̤ʵ˯
֪ˣϽȥɣ
˵ޱȻ߾ҪԶŶɷԼСһůа
һߵĺޱȵĴۣ߳Ժӣúģûڣĵ绰ˡ
ţȥӸ绰
ȥӵ绰ˣԺļ˲ǺȲҲڡ
ץ绰ͷʹϤ

235

ι𣿡
ңǰɣ
һ˭绰ذɸ˻ˡ
ԶԣңãҴ绰˵һ£öˣܸлؾ֮ٹ㡣
ÿúܾһҲܸˡ
ԺؼҲŮЦֺ˵Ҳʵ⣬ǵ绰Ĳ˺ˣҲЦòãԺļû˵ϸؿššӵ绰
Ҳô˵ģǻչ˺úóҩһõġһ¶˵һ£Ƿӵ¶ҶʺˣԺӺ͵һ𶼸㣬ҪҪٿ飬ҪǾúʾ͹һˣҪǾòҲʡˣȿһٻػҲ
ٿǮôԺӼϺöĵأ񶼲ÿǡ˵ϲ۸ǵ͵Ĺˡ
壬ҶǺˣǵҪҵĻҾһҪٿǮļ۸ҲУ˵Ҫˣһͻȥ
ãҸ㿴ţҪͶˣ̸۸У˵۸ҲҪ
оô˵˰壬Ǽ
úãټټ
ӵĵ绰ˣǸԺӣǸطϲү˴żססں߶㣬ɢɢģĺܺã
绰ǳ
ʲôˣôˣ
ôʣղҲ˸ţʲôذԺӵģʲôˡ
ô¶ں߶˸СԺӲ´үүżȥססҲͦá
ϴүҲ˵˲٣ԺǱȽ˽⣬֪ǳТ˳
Т˳ֲүүô㡣
Т˳˼ӦõģҴСүүһִģǹҲҷ첹ͷӣΧ̨ϴϴֵֵ̣裬жֻԼ֪ҴˣҲҪúТ˼ңֻҪˣʲôС
ôһ˵ļе
㶩ǳҲΪүү
ҲȫǣԼͺϲȥ棬Ƕүү˼Ż
֪ļ˲ɵĶ࿴ۣСֱʵʵТ˳ɲ˵˵ġ
ֲôĿǵôܵЧرãԼ붩һˡ
ǻ򵥣ʲôԼˡ
⻰ûгҲûһȥ氡
⻰һ治ţһӣȥ˷ӵ
Щ˶㣡
ҿɲзˡ
䣬̣ˮ
ۡ㻹з˵Цɣ
ųҲ˲ʲôˣЦĴȡ
ͷ˶ϲһ˵Цﲻзͬ𣿡
Ҳһ޻˵ʲô취
ģͲҪЦˣܶ˶˵ֵ㲻֪𣿡
⻰ֱӴĺЦкܶ˶ô˵˶պеĵطеƣ˵з
Ǻˣ໥Цʲôѽ
ųרŸֵˣרʹ
˵˵ЦЦһӶ˹˵ǰ˶ൽˣҪ׼һ¡
ʵҲûʲô׼ģӻ˼׼ö
ǰ˶ĲˣλҪȥǰ
Уȥǰ棬һ
λʿΪҪϴ磬Ͷȥǰ档
ʰżҲȥǰ濴
ţҲϾ͹ȥ
Ҳк͸ųȥˡ
СԺԼķŴ˿ռ䡣ȥ˲εСϲĸúװʰ׵ų
ǸղŴһˮɫĳװ򵥴󷽣ûһװΡֻٳһͬ򵥴󷽵ĴֲŰȥǰԺ
һǰԺĴ߾͸ϽӹĶġ˵ȲҲϽվмΧĴкŸռϰ塢ϰͶϰҲڡ
ҽˣôæ㣬ǲ˼
ϰˡ
ҽڷ¾ܿڣܰϵǾƴǡ
лϰ⣬û׼»鷳ǵġ
鷳鷳ܰҽǵҡ
лҵĺ⣬
һʮ˼СƲ˵ҲȫЩûлɵҲ˼֡ҽûб˴ôͲ֪ˣʵʵƭˡ
Ҳȥλ춼ǹģ˵ٰԳԺȺȵģҲǼ򵥵ĲˮĺˮдЩҲûʲô˼ԶȺȲ˼趼ˡ
߰񰲶ٺãţԼֱ˵ĿʼǸϽߣԼæأûǡ

236

лҰæ֮ңǳ˵Ҳףǰ˵ÿ»ĸϲҲ壬Ȿүүܵģ˼ȥˣµþ֡û֪Ҳ˵ʲôôĸ˭Ҳʣôҹƽ۸ߵáҲ˵ʼǶʱ˭á
᲻ᣬүܷģҪĲǮǴɲҪⶫ֪
˵ϰ壬ӲǺֵܸģ˵΢Цźϲ졣͵һϲΣôȻ֪ˣڱصá
ϰ˵ǣĲ˵;ͷüλүҲô󵽵á
⻰һ˵ܶ˾˽ҽ򵥣
߲ʲô˼תӹݹĵһӣ򿪣˿һۡ
ֻɢŵɫ˲ξźӴ򿪣һҩƮŵ˾һˬù˼ûõҲ𾪡
ȺöǴûҲûǻҽǰĶ֪ãζͲ
ǰĺҲò̾ⶫãΧһЩǣ֪ûûϷһܲرһ¡
ϰǰ棬Ѿ༤òУĦȭƵ׼֡
۸Ҷ֪Ҳ˵ǿŸɡ
˵üԣ䣬ϰʹ
ʮҳʮ򡣡
ʮۿ湻ߵģϰ廰ϣ˲ŷӦ
ʮ˵죬ϴβǵһô
˵Ƕϰ壬˾ϰ
ѵõĶ˭ࣿĸϴο첻ˣƬûͻˣģһܵĿ졣
˼Ǳܵÿ죬ҲǴӣܵöŹ֣
ϰ˵ŻϰĴ˵¶һʱô˴Цֹ
ȷʵСǻа˸µﻹ󡣡
ǣǴӺܲ
ҲЦ㣬ȲС
˵ЦģʵЦʵô˵ϰҲƢһЦ
ЦɣЦɣȷʵСЦԣöǲС
˵˵¶ǵð죬ʦͦרҵ
ϰʮ򣬻˳𣿡
ҳʮʮҪˡ
һ΢ϰָߺ
ʲôʮҪˣʮܶࣿҳʮ򡣡
˵ǻϰ壬ȥһˣ˵Ҳڱصá
ʮȷʵ۸񲻵ͣһʱû˳
ʮ򡣡
ϰźۣϰϰû׷ųۣΪ滹
ʮû˳ۣʮΣʮΣʮΣϲιϰ塣
߰ѵһϲκӷڴǰϣһϰǮͿֱߡ
ǵڶ
߽ӹĵڶӣ򿪺ӣС͵һ̫࣬Դ󶡵˿һȦͿʼۡ
ĸϲûһˣܹһپʮ򵽵˷ܲѣû򵽵ĺʧ䡣
ʲô취أĶɲǴײˣȻռͰײ˲࣬óһ¼͹ˡ
ϡΪ˵Ķó̫Ҳ鷳
ææˣҶǡ
ϰˣĸϲõˡ
ллҽллүչˣпտȥ棬ʲôܰæ˵
˻ҲȷʵղŹ
ϰ岻ÿҲˡ
ǣү˵ûҾͲˣȸǡ
˵ߣǳ
ϰҪעϢʳ嵭⾡ٳԣòҪٺˡ
񿪿ڣŶļϰҲͷϰϽת
ҽǲǡǲʲôë
㲻̫ģʳ嵭ҪҹҪȾûʲô⣬ҪȷʵҲȥҽԺ顣
˵û̫⣬Ƿһû̫Ҳ⣬ǲġ
ҽԺ鷳ҲԸȥҽ㿴ô죿Ҫҿ鷳ˡ
ûʲôȥҽԺеôԼҲûƾ
ȸѰ
˵ıԼĺӣƨƨߵľ͹ȥ档
֪µļϰŸտţջҲһߡ
ϰ忴һŷӣԼȥץҩƽʱע⵹ûʲô⡣
µϰ塢ϰ弸ҲƣǾȥȾӦĶٻеëҲĸһ˿һķӣǻȥųԣСĵպ÷ӣŸ˵뿪
ʣºǼˣҲһСʱСʱͽ˿򣬿զ಻ѡ
ߴͷ˻صСԺӡ
æݲ裬һʱҲ֪˵ʲôá
ñ´˶ա
˰Ŀڣ⻰ûһά˼ʵʵĵĸܡ

237

ӿˣϹ档
ô˵һСϹ棬ҪǲϹǵǸʲôҲ롣
Ҳñȱ»ҪЩ˶û·ˣ
ӹˣҲôˣʲô¾ˣ˿ҩУҺ֪ˣҾһ
㲻ǻױƷ𣿡
˲֪֪һЩ
Ǳڴһûôܡ
Ҳˣ
ţæŴ
үү˵㻹װ𣿡
ϵ׶ʵǲ֪˵ʲôá
治ʲôͿС꣬εĻûҵҴ㻨Щ˼һ¡
һװ⣬˾Ȥϸ񣬹ֲĺƷζ
㻹װ
ţĿǰŮװ
Լ𣿡
ţҲֻƣĶ˰æȽʡġ
˲֪˵ʲôˣСС仹ԼƷװ̫ˡ
㴩·ԼƵ𣿡
ţԼġ
ٴϸشϵ·Ƶĺܺÿʽ򵥴󷽡ǴеΣ˼
ұ¸½飬ܲܰһ׻ɴȻٰһ
ͻȻ˼һתƷװھȻɫһû̫仯ҲڷǷչһ¡
ԣܼһ£ʲôҪ˵һ£ҿơ
ȿŸҶɣ˵ĻϻߺҴ㿴һ𣿡
Ȼû⣬Щ˵˵ʲôҪ󣿡
Ҳ֪ÿʺҾУ㿴ɡ
ϲʲôɫ
ɫҲûرϲģҾϵɫƯ㴩ǸɫҲƯҪѡɣʺʲôɫʲô𣿡
óؼǣ˵ΧһһãǺãϸ棬žͺרҵ
һµʱ´࣬ȰƳͿԿ壬ҹǵ·ãҴӾ
úã̫лл񣬲ҺڴƵ·һƯ
⻰·˵ڿеΪʱ硣
ǺǺǡãרҵ·϶ˣҺġ
ллƷװһһڷԺҪҲҡ
ģ̫ˣȰˣұĻȥתһȦԺҵһЩѽö㡣
ģ֤Ưġ
ǺǺǡʵƯҲûϵ
ԣֻҪν
װܶ𣿡
ҲȤ¸ҪμһҪĻһ·

Ҳߴ磬һɡ
˵ûһ㿪ЦӣҲĶԴ͸
ɫ߿ʽʲôҪ𣿡
㿴󷽺ÿС
У͸ɫҿѡˡ
ţ۹⡣
·棬Ҳ棬ҪԺ󴩵·ˡ
˺ͺͷ뾡ѷװڷ
㻹Ҫæ𣿡
ųͿʣһʱȦ֪ʵʲô˼
ŹҪҽˡ
ţԼ
ôһ˵֪ʲô˼ˡ
ȱȱˣŹҿò𡣡
ûʲôòģøҿʣͽôôǮС
⻰ΪˣԼＸҲͶȡɣ㻹û¡
⻰˵һûҲ˵ĻװʵʵѧҲе汾¡ױƷҲҪҲǿռĶãľͲ˵ˣпռһ·˳˳ˮ
ʵʵ˵ôǫ飬һ˶;ǫ͵
һѧѧߴҵװǻױƷë⣬ĺ
ҲܳϿҵĿ佱ҲǰСʮС
үү˵㻹˲ٹ
ϵ׶ĺˣͲܸͣ
һЩŽӡ
ãʱȥˮȥֵĶ𣿡
ˮŮӵԣ󷽵Ҳ⡣
ãȥ˳ӳԡ
̫ˣ㶼ֵʲôˮ
ƻ桢桢ҡ⨺ңѡ
ôƷ֣Ĺ԰ܴ󣿡
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238

һǧĶʲôŵСԺӣȻСԺӿҲܴˣһĶĻĸСԺӴһǧĶöٸôԺӣ
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ųؿڿŵš
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239

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óԵûУֻмҳ㷹Сˣһͽų԰ɣ
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240

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243

һϸڣһ¼۸˵ֻߺ׼ÿʼ
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ǲ֪ξ˵ʲô˼ʸ
ξ˵ʲôʲôҲ˵
û˵ʲô¶͸ѶԺȥԽӴʱע㣬˼˶ǡ
л˼ֻĬĬ˭Ժأ
һΪ˵ʲôأģ˴ҵ⣬ûȤߵĽĺҲߣҰѺùۿ£
ù࣬뵱ʲôܣ

249

Ǹʲôξ겻⡣
ܣǹѵ˼𣿡
ͺܺãȷ
û˼
ξֱӸˣͦã
ͺ۰ɣ
ξߺȲ߿һߣãԼֶŮ˭ܹվ͹յģСеĿͷˣ
ͷһ߶ȭЦ
ģҺһӵĺùۡ
ţͦãҲ˵ߣ
˵ʲôҪ˵ʲôʲôҲ˵
ãǵĲˡ
ԱߣΪ˵ʲôˡ
½½ǵķҲˣл˵ȳԷҪ
壬ȳԷ
߾ξ˵ʲôܲˡ
ãȳԷȥġ
ȥҲãܱ񣬲ϱӡ
һٷҲԵİ⡣
󣬺Ŀȥ෴ʻȥ
ؼɫ磬ûൢ󣬻طæ顣
ξ˷䣬ˮûУӶξֱ˵ڡ
ǲǴ⣿
ʵξôһʣҲҴţ˵á
ǨDD
˼Ƕ֪࣡СԴϲϣɴƭģ
ߣ
⻰о˷ӣ
ûҲûƭá
òõȱ˵Ŷʮţ㶼ʮˣ
ʮ߲꣡ò
壬ҲŶʮꡣ
¶ʮû𡣡
ôûأȥˣﰵ
Ҷʮ꣬꣬Ҳ˵ұ󣬸չ
еԶˣ˵ǰɣʲô֪𣿰㶼ɿˣûء
˭Ųɿģ
ξޱ档
Ҵûдɿ㡣
ҲҪҪڻǸӣͳº֣ú𣿡
ʲôк֣׷ԼϲŮͽº֣
Ҳ˵ʣԥû˵
ûʲôʲʵģô㣬׷Ҳ
ʵ׷Ҳ⡣Ǹӣܰ𡣡
ô᲻أԵ˯
壬ˣûͽ顣
ֻûһƲŽ飿̫ˣ
⻹ȥ
ô˵ɣǲ֡
ŲҲܣ˵Ҳ㡣һҵø˵Сע̸˵¶һ˵ʲôҲ˺Ҳ棬ҲҪ˵ʲôעִ磬үүɲǡ
˵ξߵѺ;棬ò
ллѣзִ硣һҲˣҲ˳¡
ûʲô˳µ飬ĸԸԸáһＱϴʲôעС
Ҷģһעġ
һȥҲᣬ͵֪ע㣬ھѣ飬ʲôԽ鶼Ҫ룬ҲҪһ㣬Լˣô̸ô̸Щ˲͡
ģҲôģҲ˺
ãУǸǸ⣬ҪҲֵҪԺû
ģЩҶ͸һ𡣡
ôˣҵ֪´ȥүүʲô˼ҾأҪʲôͷԼƵģƻŸҸŮأ϶ϸ񣬺ôԼ롣
үҪ֪ߴŮ⣬Ǿ͵Сһͷˣ
үӶͷۣȫͷۡ
ߵӣξ־мͬ顣
˵үͦģүү˼Ҷȥɵ¹ˣ
Σ
ûУ˼ҾǾþ档
ͦ񶼶ܲ𣿡
ʵ޻˵Ҳ˵ʲô˵
̫ˣҲû취
ξһۡ
ȻûŮӣǳɫŮҲ٣ôȥűˣ
ŮûϵǶ񡣡
ߣ͵ǣǵǼˣ
ţҵǿ̾͵ˣװҲҲβⱲӾˣ
ôôζأˣˣȥҪ˯ˣȥһᶯ֡
ξ꿪ʼˡ
DDлл壬ϢҾͲˡ
߰ɣ߰ɣڿԴۡ
ξѧүӶԴһףӲӬƵĻ߸Ͻȥ
УϢ
ͦˣξڲү˵ܸ񱣳״⣬Ҳܸл

250

ڶϣ˼򵥵ĳ˸ͣͳȥС塣
ǵʱߵѾڵˡ
ѽ賧鰲źãִȥԺ￴һ£ôװҲǽҲ˽
˷֮ҲԤƶ˺üʱ䡣
С緹ͼҴҵ뿪ȥæġ˰װ޵棬뾡ѹҿ
װ޵涼򵥣´ܺá˲ȣװƵ˸ңе㷸ѡ
Ҳûбİ취ֻȰѵװˣֻһ
񵽼ңͼųͺξԺӺȲ죬ĵ𾢡
ųǰŸռ϶ߣ¶ﰵ˼
ˣæ׵Ҫûæ꣬壬ٶҲУҲûʲô̫Ҫ£Ҿ͵졣
źˣҲٵʱ̫ˣȥһ̯أ˵Ҳ£ͻء
ͻؾ
ţأٵˣȥкܶæ
ųͰˣҪһ˿գȥҪᡣ
˵ԭɣųǮࡣǰһȥ͸үү˵һ˵ε£ȻүүûȻչһ׷ſᡣ֪ôôõĻŪζҪһؼңֻܺƤ
ǣϲλҪһҡ
е㲻˼
֪Ϊġ
ֻ¸£ûˡ
û£¸¾¸£ֻҪоУǡһҪᱻүүġ
һţżүӵж
ģǰ
ãлл֪ǰҲҪˣʡİٴ򡣡
ͰͣξֱЦ
үӻͦ
ţͦرףרʰң
ײеżүе档
DDһ仰˵úãۣǰ˼ǿ㡣
ξοĻûʲôá
ôˣרһ۰˵ܵ𣿡
ųԹ
DDĸ
ȷʵǸ۰ĸ
˵пȥҼ档
´ʱȥҲүү
Уʱ֪ͨңǡ
ШDD
ξĵĻ
æҾͲˣ´ǳԷ
Уʱȥ档
õģȥأʱһȥ
ȥҺ񣬱֤ĸˡ
û⣬лл塣

ˣټټ
Ҫ߰ɣ
ˣ
ˣүү϶ڵϢȥְᣡ
Уˡ
òá
ͷ½ų·첻٣첽ͳȥӰͦ˼
СӲ
ξ궢ſڿ
˭
ֶŮԴˣģǧҲûҴֶŮãõĺӣ˭ҲȲϣ
ʼ磬ӡ
õˣǵжãҸо˵Ĳҡ
СѾͷ㻹˭
˭֪أ
DD˵ϲҪǲѾµļ߶ɣ
ǵҪˡ
û¶𶼵ͣһҲЩθˣƢҲŴˣͣͣҲãҲ֪
Լٸ¸վɡҲУҲɣûҲֱӳҲⷽԭ򣬸Щ˴򽻵¶ࡣ
¶಻Ȳ˵֮лл㣬ҲٴæҴͣ£ҲԣƤƢܴ󣬶ҷǵļ۸ôߣĲԶˣͣ£۸Ҳᣬôǡ
ɣû
У¶ҸͨͨƵʱв˻ȥ㡣
ңҸʲôֲ֪Ǵȥġ
ôһԴģܲ³㣬ͺá
ţģûʱǡ
ͻؾ
ذɣ¶ٺˣ߶Ҳģȥæ꣬ʮٹ
ҲèDD
ξ꿴߿ڡ
ߡ
ôˣ㲻˵ܺ𣿡
ξе㲻⣬֪˵ʲô
Ǻܺã㡭
أսžңҲˡ
װ׽ˣߴӰסſڵ⣬Цξꡣ
ʵξûڵʲôֻװͿˣ
װξҲװ
ţ㣬ķˡ
ˣӦõġ
Һͻؾ鷳ˡ
ˣסǡ
ξ꿴
㣬ķһֱš

251

߾оݵסˣξ굹ʲôҲû˵
ڶϵĺ࣬ξȥ
˽߾ٲҲû취ʲôҲ˵
壬ǽȥ
ã鷳ߡ

߿ѹѹ
񣬵ҸҴ绰
õģȥɣСĵ㡣
ţҿǽȥߡ
Ĺ߻Ǻã˽ȥվһ뿪
ʱ֣Ѿ˾񿪳ξ͵ңŻؼҡ
ҵʱȻһӵԷ϶Ǹ񰮳ԵķˣүӼŮǸ˻ϲ
ǣ￴˺ܾòˡ
ͺֳ
ˣһ಻ɴˣ
ֳŵܸˣϾǺܾûˡ
壬ʲôʱ򵽾ģ
쵽ģû
𩻹
û룬¡
ƤĿҲǺƢ
㵹ʵϣæûʱɣ⡣
ǺǺǨDDлл˴
ֶŮ
˶˸ĹЦ
ҹԱˣǿ
үӺˬ˵һӣָӴƵġ
СţҹԱˣǿ
үӻ䣬Դӳ߱Χȹϔc֡
ˣȥ˺þãǻˣãã
ŲҶˣķˡ
ô˵ɰŴ˻ˡ
˺ˣ˶ˣ͵ˣͿ
˵ֽߺһɤӡ
˨DD
ϤĽ̤ʵǼã
ˣҪúõĺȼ
үǺÿͣҲϲǰҲȹξƣһֱ
ǵø˼ҶȼȾˣҪúù񫡣
û⣬СҪ̤̤ʵʵסԵĺȵĶУæٰߡ
ֳүӼҲû˵仰һֱүӺȾƣûᣬû뵽˼ôʹ죬ˬʣһЩнҲûӰ
ϣллĹģǵסźˣпվ͹Ⱦƣھܴü졣
ãסľͺãæ¶ʱ͹ԷȾơƽʱˣʱУ˵˶Ҳ֡
ү飬ֳġ
ҶүóĺþƸϡ
ǴȺһҹԱؼңССҲˣҸˡ
үһп͸ˣǡŮؼңҲǲһĸˣ
ţôû˵үӺһھƣЦ
񣬷ǵôˣ
ٺˣ߿أæߵ£һʱ仹ȥ
үȻϲܶȥǼȻǺá
үͷҲӵӵĵ绰Ȼһ˼Ҳӳıߣ򵥾һ仰ãĶá
Ǳģ׵ʲô¾ȥŵûУ鵹ϸ
үȫǫ飬Ҳôûбŵ㣿
ϵܣ˵⻰ǫˣôɫôûбŵ㣿
ү⻰˵үģҲ֪ߵĺá
ϸ˵ãͻеãеϢ
һ˳ԳԺȺȣҲûʲôƾɶ࿴үۣܾ⻰л
壬̫ǫˣǶҲܺá
֪ƾɾүûٶ˵
ǿ񣬿ĶãҪѧĶܶأ
ϵ⻰ǲ˾͵öѧ¡ϻ˵ĺãѧϡ
ƺͺֳûҲ֪ǺǻҲԣֻܺүӺȾơһ£ڷǻһ̯顣
壬پһб£ϵͺá
ıԽãȻҲˡ
ãСЩæտҲллǡԺϢˣЩ岮Ҳٲ˸
⵹ʵТ˳ĺӣ廹ҼĶǸˡ
⻰˵ûԴڣһҲܼļ˶ԵĴӪƷУҲǺТ˳
ӦõģڳТ˳岮ӦӦݵġ
⻰˵Ҳû¹ɿۡôΪ
Ȼ˵Ҳʵү˾̹
⻰Ҳ˵ҹԱûɶТ˳ĸҲȲϵģ
үô˵ҲûƽʱĶТ˳Ƕүӣ˵ᣬôûôõŮأ
ûŮôõϱҲһ˼Ұο



252

㣬´ʲôʱȥǣ
ܰ°ɣʯͷôˣǲʲô飿
ʯͷһĿ
ţԺˣȥ˷ǣ㣬ҷżȥɣ
ԭͲˣʯͷСٸʲôҪȻû⣬ֻǵõȵż١
û⣬żٽʹȥǣԸ
ãǵҪܾá
ʯͷһʧ䣬͸뺣棬ռֺʶǣóҲ˵
ûϵ´νӷǻʺʸ
ţõģлл㡣
лһʱǳԺʾͲˣھҲܳԵʵĺʡ
⻰һ˶Ŀ
⣿
ƾɵһҪ⣬ҪȻ˵ⷬ
Ҫ⣬Ǳ߶ˣѾ߰źþͿԿʼ
ɺⲻ˵Ҳѱ֤ʻ
ƾɵľ֮һ仰ֱڡ
˵ûмܿ˷Щ֤ǵʻʺʳԵľζ
СѾͷǸ⾪ϲ
ƾɿһΡ
ãʱⲻ
ʲô鶼ܳɡ
̼ԣʱҳԺʴ͡
ʲϡ
ţʱԸ
ֳүү˸һھƣװеʧ䡣
ûڸඣ
ԣǳԲˣ
Ҳ̾ʧƵġ
⻹򵥣ǶԵ㣬´ǳԡ
DDǸ취ǲǷݾ鷳ˣ
˵˵ǺǺǡ
󷽵İڰ֣ķϵ˶Ц
ѾͷСʱһƤ
ӹ죡ʱСС¸˵̡
壬ô˵ͲˣôܽеƤأТ˳ġ
ǣǷҲ鷳ˣ»ҿҪԵ㡣
û⣬´α֤Ժóھ죿
ᣬ㱨һڡ
ֳһʱ䣬ش
һҲãææˣпվ͹ȾƳԷ
үʹ죬ͺֳҲ飬Ͼϼˣ˼ɡ
ģŶпҾʱ˼ҵĺòþƼŴĺóգֱû˵
С˵ĲпǾ͹ʱʹˡ
ֳǿ
ʱ͹Եĺȵı׼⡣
үӴһӣʹ󷽡
ͬ־ͺֳֻܹǺÿʹ󷽣ϲ֡
үӸˣƾҲǻ
ԣ˵ûʱǳԺúȺã»
ϷģԺᾭʱȾơ
ֻſţ˶Уʱ
ϷģҺС͹
úãȾƣԲ˺Ⱦơ
緹绹飬ͺͺֳ뿪
극Ϣʱ䶼ûо͸ȥװ俴һȦѷ˶Ƶ·ʦϸǧϸС
طְѺߵ·ҳƺõĿʽãָǶ˲ü·
һʱϣ졣֣ϾǶһⲻҪԶ֣һºýҵ
æү˵ʱ䶼ûУɰүۻˣ
Сţȥ԰ץֻʰˣһҹԱȣôҪúò
˵үӾͽ˺Ĺ԰ȥץˡ
ؼңڷûŴһ룬·ϺãʦŰġ
ϣ緹ûԾͳţһ·ȥξꡣ
񵽵ʱڳͣүӿĻϲ
ˣһ緹
Ҳû극һԡ
һû緹͹ˣǾͳԵ㡣
úãүүʢࡣ
үӾҪȥͷʢξ̧ͷ˳׵
ԨDD
˵Ťͷߴһ
ʢ
˨DD
洫žŲ
С壬Եͦ졭
ŵ񣬾֪СԵģǰ
ˣ˼ûÿӣһ¡
лл鷳ˣ
û£û¡
ֿ첽ȥ棬ʱֶһ˫Ӻһࡣ
ӡ
лл
ÿϽ԰ɣ֪ζôҪǲʡ
ӹӣͳһ࣬һڳζͦ
ζܺãͣ
ЦЦͷ
ţ㣬ͷӶУԼá
ллͦóԵģԺҲԷˣ
пվ͹ԣ
ξ߳Ա˵ֶӵĳջͦϿɡ
Զԣʱ͹ҳ㷹С
үҲˣܾò

253

緹꣬ξʹҴҳŰ¡
ȥתһȦѡʵĵط
ʳУտʼǴֻʣǰĺгͷһҪá
ʼӹͷһӪ󣬺ҲҲӪʽξҲͬ
ʵֻڵĴ㣬ᷢҵֻٲ߻Уһһ
˿һȦҲûкʵĵطҪô湻صضβãҪôضκʵ治֮Ҳûкʵĵط
ֶŮûʵĵط˵ô죿
ô죬Ҳȥˣʱ
Ҹط緹ɣ߳Աġ
ǾȥǰǼҳԣζ
񿪳˳ξ˵ķһСֿڷ꣬ȥ治󣬺иСԺӣ˸λӣԺ
ҵıʳһ㳢
ξƼһĳ͡
ʲôóԵģ
ξƼˡ
Ĳ˲࣬ζʲô͵㡣
ǾʳӻˣҳƬô
ԣʲôٵɲܶҴֶŮ
ˣó´
Ǻܽڼ˷ʳ
ǰȥ̫طҲ֪࣬ʳҪҲ֪Щ˳ԱӶӲ̣ʳ
ѣʱ
ðʲôʳ
Ų˵ξꡣ
أ
ξνǨ
ҳ׷
ǾͶ׷
˵ã˵ϲˮ˵Լ뷨
飬طǾͲˣתתȥҲûʵģ˵ҲûҲûôʱϸתҡͿڻ֣ͥǶеţҵִֺùԼĵǻ᷽ܶ࣬õԺʲô鷳أ
תһϣξҲе㷳ôһ˵Ҳؿ
ǺãҲǹʻ᲻е㲻̫ã
ξҲĹǣĵ洦ھĵĻƽضΣϾеСá
ô˵أʲôҲԣͿôӪ
û˭涨һҪʲôҲǣɲǾӪԼĵ棬ҪʲôԼ˵㣡
ôˣ
ξ꿴Ŀ
ţȥôϽ׼Ϳûʲô
˵Ȼ˶Ҫͬ⣬ٿãҲҪξꡣ
ǾôˣҲԼĵ棬׼װޡװ޵黹ƣⷽС
еװ޶ԼƵģξģװͼȻŲ
û⣬һȹȥ棬ı߶ʣȶȥҾͻͼֽһͼֽϳ
У극Ǿ͹ȥҵľļţҾеС
СС˵㣬ȹȥ˵оͿߣʮ䶼أ
ţı߶һҵļţҪǵʱطſԱá
ξ굽ȫ극ǰ׳Եģ
Уģһû뵽忼ǵȫ
̵ģЩβǲųԵģ
ǺǺǨDD˵ǣɲǰ׳ԣ
Ѿͷ֪ϻˣ
ⲻǻϻ˵𣿶Լ˵ġ
У˵㣬˭С
λǵĲˡ
ϰξĻһıʳžˣξһʱҲ˵һĻ
Ǹʱ䣬Ҳлл
ξϰѲ˷Ͻӣ׼ԡ
ڹﳴţϾǵ׷ϻǵȻ
ھϣʳˣ׷Բζ
ҲǸԻԳˣ
Ͼλȳţ
ϰȥæξҲʼæ
ֶŮϽʳζô
˵õζˣҳ
һڣζȷʵˬûйζϰ¹ˣʰĺܸɾ
ô𣿡
ͷ
ζܺãطôҵģ
ҲǱ˴ģҪ治ң
ξ߳Ա˵ϲԡ
λ׷ͳˣȳţϾͺá
ллϰDD
ξӹ׷һǰϰл
ӦõģǳԣȥǶ˻
ϰ·˾ȥ˺Ҳ£ֲⲻ
һټ򵥵緹꣬ȥֿͥ档
˾ĵ棬Ϊ󣬼ͨطҲ
ʱµĶʮֻ䣬ʣĶţϴóˣ

һ



254

öʣ
ξҲò׼
ȴͨ䣬˳ͼ¥Ƕɰ䣬ҲٶƽףҾûУأ
˳ԢãСҲʣξû˵
УôװͼƣҲ
û⣬ϻȥӸ࣬ܳͼֽʱ˵
еæˣ
У׼ͼֽ׼֣ͼֽ
ţȥ
һ緹ҰѰͷԼ棬ͼֽ˵Ҳ
УǾôˣǻذɣȥҸͼֽ
߰ɣ
ξͻؼңһ·ңүӴ˸кһͷ䣬ֿʼæµ
ϳȥ˸ͽݽæֱҹҶ˯ˣռ˸裬ͼֽ
ͼֽãҲ֪ʲôʱԾڿռ˯ˡ
үүȥн緹ɡ
ȥУúϢۻˣһѷ
үŮæûûˣۻˡ
ôôæ
Сʯͷ߳緹߸̾Ҫæûʱе㲻
㲻æʲôʲôԺģСӣˣ
ʯͷüͷ˼
ٳԵ⣬ҲסôԺӣͲôˣ
СӶ£û취ϲϲɾɰɣ
ʯͷͷʲôҲ˵ˣϲ˵ʲô֧֣
׳ģҸķһٸ
ŴүһŮϽο
УҾȥ԰ץ
˵үӶڴں࣬µ˸Ůץʱ䡣
壬ԣȻȥץ
ƾɼүӳԵּֿ¸˼Ǻš
УҵȻ㣬үһȥֽű
˼ҷ¿룬ɾĨĨ죬ŵƾɡ
үүҺһȥ
ǿԣһ𡣡
үӴһӣʯͷ
Ҳȥ԰תתҲ̹
԰еĹ˹ӣҹҹرã˶ۣүÿÿϲ
ߣ⼸ںһߣҲȥݡ
ÿȥ԰䣬Ǽ˱飬ʱҲȤ
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255

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258

үүҶүүˣ˯ú𣿡
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261

һڿνȥ԰ֽںУյѧУߡ
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262

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263

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264

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ǰһ긾Ůֹ˵Ů泯ߣûԭĶĿϣСк˵ĻҲһֲڶС


265

Сѣʲôְ
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271

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273

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274

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275

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ˣѾ

276

ֶŮҲû˵һʲôˣֶŮ
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278

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279

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280

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286

顪
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287

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±ӣʱá̶˹ι緹

288

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289

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290

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291

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292

һ˯úܾãҲ˺ܶ߰Ρ
ѣͬѧ˶г֣ÿݵƬζиʱ԰ӵġԽӵġŰ˯ģʵ
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ۺᣬ֡

仰û˵꣬ͱİϡ
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С屾ͲǺܴ󣬰밢Ҳ׵ľ롣
˼Ҵҵ˰ңԺмŮСֹмĨᡣӣֱ̱ڵء

ͰۼֿҼֽŷ˶޷վ
硭ôˡ
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һŮ˵˫Ϳǹˣ֪ŮӲף̲סѹ
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ͷͼ߹һӴʹޡһˣֻܿ¸߸߹Ķӡ
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ӦǰĶʿʣ˸һ໴ޣᡣ
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304

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Ͻȥ׼ˮнĽ
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绹򣬻
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ˮˣӵ·׼á
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УУ׼Ҫʲô򣿡
¿ˮøף㡣
˵ּи̼Ѩλײײܳȥ
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ڳһֻ֣һСҩŽ
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ﵹһˮӽ͡
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æ룬߸
ãá
æιҩ룬һߺţһ׼׵ֻи
Լ˶ʮӣ룬иҲתѡ

ѹİ类ʹĥл
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ÿطæʰöϽӣҲƽ
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ԺȴҲܽţʱʱʹĽ˻
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һԵ߿Цĸɵһʿʣе㼵ʡ˶ˣ֪ʲôʱ֣ܵٿ񣬾ÿܣûô죡Ǹӣ
ôһ룬ԽʿԽ˳ۡ
벻͵˭ᰡЦôѿ
Բ˵ᣬ˵ľɣ
ϰһ³緹ϲҲúøлǣ
治³ԷʿʵЦἵʡԷʲôģһԸ⡣
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ллллλǼҵĹˣҲСĹˣʵڸлǣ

305

ԣ˵ûϰǴĴˣҲǼҵľˣһҪ³Էúúллǡ
ʿʵĸЦߣ˵̬ȺܳϿңһʵˡ
ԺеʱԷȷʵʱţ´ΰɣ´ҼҳԣҲǸů
ô˵ҸҲǿеʧ
ϰ壬ǽɲߣһҪԷҲС
İˣָˬ˵ʲôҲ߶ߡ
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˵ŤͷһԵĳʡˣϲӲˣ
ϲϲȷʵǼϲ£մմϲҲܲô롣
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ѽҰ¶ˣԣûҪԸϲָòͷǴҲ˫ϲš
Ц˵£ܲ
⻰˫ϲţ⺢и
ʿŶ޸ճĺӣȥҵĺӡ
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ЦĿҲˡ
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ϲǺǺɰк͹Բͼòͷ
һϲҲǣһζ𣬻
߿ĵеüͷʳǹԲǺģеŤ

306

԰ɣζͦ
֪ԣѹԲͺҨͿԡ
߼ʣҲûѹһһھͺꡣ
ϰ壬ϲУһɣ
ֶ˹һ룬Ҫߡ
ˣлл
ߵָ䣬ЩУҲû˵ʲô
˵£˶꣬룬վ׼ߣеȲӡ
ϰ߰ɣȥǡ
кˣһż
ȥݣȥмλ̫ү
˵ȳȥȥµˡ
Ͱ߳ţһֱ˵ŸлĻǴҪ¾ơ
˶ҽңСݵȸ˶룬̸׳˶緹ߴҴ뿪
ʮʼӪǱ߻ʲô𣿡
߶׵񾩶Ǳߵ
ûʲô⣬һȥٿʮʼӪû⡣
Ȼһʱ䣬ξ궢ţûб
¾˵һǿš
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ģһ˵˵¶ǣһһ
ЦЦˡֻ룬ҪæҪǲܵģ˵Ҳô˽
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ԣ¶鷳ˣԺҿŰ졣
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Ҫڽ⣬ֻõʵĻݡһ㣬ķǺܺõĻʣٴáһãԺԶչҲкô·Զʲôë
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ȥһƲĶ˻һ붼ܿȷʵ㾪ϲ¸¿û⣬Ҳϲ
кܶ໨û뵽Ὺ
ȷʵû뵽ʱΪ˱գֻϡһȪˮû뵽Чôã
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307

Ҳôã˵˶ϲ𣿡
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˵˭˵ģÿʲôĻ
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֪Ի·ͨ˲һ̫Զ˰ɣ
ү
㲻ϲʲô𣿡
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308

һֻ֡
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ʵʵ˵ν
йµˣЩҹϵĹ¸࣡һ֪ȤûС
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309

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316

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ǻֽþӵݹ
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317

үͨ͸ֽڴ˸绰˰٣ϵ绰ų׷ġ
үӻֽڵĵ绰ȫһүӺܺ档
֪үүλˬˡ
ûүӣµҲ
үүĺˬ죬˺ƢҲ֪ܲܶ飬˼ܳʶ
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ϴүүҲҼ
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үүϺþƺòдֻȥУ԰ס⡣
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Ϊ˱գ˿ɴסͲ¶ڶȻһɾ·ͳռ䡣
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318

û£·£ɣ
ƵſȥݸϽȥǰšСķţŶں棬һ̫ݵļƣˣҲ顣
װģģһߺͺŹصƽռ䡣
ռ䲻аúúһϣȥúŪүӡ
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320

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334

ԣ׼һЩҲãϾŮҲ١
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337

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338

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339

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лֶ̧֮ľͰߣż˱߱߿羰
Աүү̧ɣ
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һ˵үӸ⣬˵ԺӺ棬˼ϲ
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ȣû뵽

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342

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343

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ξԱߵƾɣͷ·ЦݵĿ

344

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˵ʵǺܺÿ
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345

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346

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347

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349

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355

λ˰ɣ
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363

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356

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Сڴܡ

357

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ųͿЦĸ仨Ƶߣ˶ˡ
ĸоԼļƤһһðëһһ
ߣͣͣһ¡
СĿռ䣬ųݶ
Ҳԣúõô
üͷɫ׵ų͡
Ĳ
üͷĿԼų֪߻ˡ
ߣղǲǿʲôɾĶˣ
üͷ⻰ʲô˼ٿų͵һС
ӿų͡
ߣ˵ģ濴ʲôˣ
ųе֪
ˡ
˵ģ˼
ųĶᵽɤ۶ˡ
㿴ʲôˣ
ųԴСߣ˵껹ܴһ³ڡ
һ
ĸִүĳ
һ
ųٴδһ³ôо˵
˵𣿡
˵żɨһۺӾȻ΢Ц
Ȼ󡭡
ų뵽ʲôͷķٿˣһС
鸴ӵĿһЦĴ۵ү
ߣҺ˼𣿡
ų߷߽ӣһŭߡ
ô˼ʲô˼ģ
һ仰ûҭųͣŰ۵ү˼Ҳ
ߣ㲻ǵ˼ɣ
⻰һյүӡ
ųڣղӴ˯ˣ
ҡϹ˵û˼㰮ô˼С
공˲˼ȣųΪԼҪʱ
ǵ˼
ү˵ֱ׳ĪĻеʲô˼

358

˼ã˼ͦá
ү£ų˵ȥˡ
˵ϱװ
ףⱲӵ˼ųţ˵
ү֭΢Ц£ų˻
³ʱо£ȵҲñů
λүӴͷһ˺ƺƵĽ
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Ъྻӣʱ仹硣
ξƾɺȻץһЩͿྡ
үҲץһ㣬Ҷү˿ǳԡ
߿ྐྵྵ𾢵ԼүүҲྐྵӶ飬ȻеŤ
үӺͺүһᣬҲ¿ྡ
ֻк֡ų˴㶵ĿྐྵӶ
˶ٻطɻˣֲ
ųͻ࿴ʾǲܡ
СӺͳͶҪྐྵӡ
˵үӸһһѹӣҲ
ͻȻĹذе޴롣
أأ
еΪѣ
ٿྐྵӵүҲ
ȥүԱߣҲྡ
ʣųĹһΪѣŵĺ֣߹ȥ
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ллҲྡ
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ԣôãྐྵӺá
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ιླɹˣǡ
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ξҲ̲סЦ
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үźͷһƷӵ
ĹӶԺԸװ֡
ųͿҶЦеԡ
ôˣ
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ξ갲ųͣЦôʵͲš
ҶֻЦųˡ
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үӱɵˣ˼ŮһȣԼӲҪˡ
ԼүүĻҪģų¹Թྐྵӣʱʱ
ֱ㲥𣬲Ŵ
ɣų͵ŵĶڲҳ
㲥үʰóԵ׼ǻ
Ƕװûκ
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үӱָ԰Ƶ˷ɻ
ɻʮ˵λţ˾ʮ㣬һҲࡣ
ƾɺξ񿴵ĺΣûɳˡ
ⲻм䣬Ǻ档˵ʲôľͱˣĺ׻ǿԵġ
Сʱḷ́үӺͺүϷɻûþ
үӣүӺҶүһСʱһᣬǿһĿȻ
ɻأʵĻѾڻڵš
װã͵ͣȻؼңξ껹ȥ￴
ԱǵԷ
үŮ
үүģʷźҾͻؼң̫
ξȥģͶߡų͡
ĳѼλүӣƾɻкֽӻؼҡ
Ҳȥ
ô⡣
ξ겻Ըߺദ
ξĳ
ųĳ
⳵û뵽ϲִ󳵡
ųĳе⡣
Ǻһ֪ϲԽҰ
⳵ʺ㡣
⳵ʡ
Ҳò
񵭵Цš
е벻ͨξʲôҪ˵˵һصġ



359

µԽҰӺöرãҪҪһ
µĳرſڡ
ԣһȷǣҹȥ
붼ûҪˣҲԽҰڷǿ
һһףҪʲôɫ
ɫ
붼ûҪɫ͵ȣϲ
仰һһԵųܴ
ʲôʱſɣ
үүܵޣҲֿģ
Ҹ
ųͻﶼĽ
ЦЦʲôҲ˵
򳵲尢һ𣿡
ųʹ棬֪ҵҲôһʡ
ŵĿ񣬼ɫ糣ġ
ٿųͣͲ֪Ҳûʲôԡ
죬ɲ֪˵ʲô
ȿȡ
ɿתƻ⡣
ųִŵؿ񣬵Ŵ𰸡
Ұְȥ˺Զĵطûչҡ
ᣬ
ųͲɵ⻰֪Ծһ֪࣬⻰ⲻܼ
Ǹͦõģ·Ҳͦġ
е㲻ԣų治֪˵ʲô
ﰲųͱǸſ
񣬶Բ𣡡
ųͻǹǸ
û£Ҫ룬Һܺá
Цɨһųͣڻָ
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ǵſڵʱ򣬻Ҳж
ξߺҲŵˡ
֪һ·ʲôԸоǹϵͬ
ʲôͬҲ˵ʲôͨƵġ
רŶͰװģ̧ȥźá
ŻϺξߺ⡣
˵Ͱߺһ˼ڷҵһϳνŶġ
ʻĺųͺܾ档
ˣϺǽû뵽ڷɻ˼Сʱôģ
ܺʲô취
԰ҿЩϺȺղʱҪ͡
ųͿžʮϺҲܺ档
ֻЦƵҩˮĿǰҲⶫڷǳҲͳĸе㣬ò
ܹ߱ĺܺãûˡ
ҩˮùȥҲƲ
νҩˮʵǿռϡ͵Ȫˮ
˭оռȪˮأ
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ôõĶǡ
Ŀǰҵܡ
߿ڴϺ
ܺʲô뷨Ŀǰκ˷ⶫ
Ȼҡ
ߣԶʳ
Ŀźֵܡ
ҪһģˣĿǰǲ㷺ʹá
ֶǿӲѣֵܣչ˵Ҳᾡչˡ
УҿǺ˵
ô˵Ҳˡ
ңһɣ
żҲǷһĴ̻ųرĽǮܺϹϵôܴأ
ųͰͰ͵Ŀ
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˵Ĩˮա
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ųظһ
ͷ˵
˵Ĩף޳ָɻҲ±ꡣ
ǲιһµɣ
ĨЦ
һϵصξһۣû˵ʲô
ɣ㿴
˽ܵʽĳûŹ˽ȥιһ顣
װ޵治ǴҲܿ˿ͳҲġ
޳ɣľǰ뿪ʽĴ
˭Ƶģ
ʣ˴𰸡
Զߣǰ
ξ§ļ˵
ãҵôĵ档
ŰڷκͲ;ߣųͿֻ⡣
á
ЦЦû˵ʲôųͿ˲²⡣
ǡԼĵɣ
żƽ׵ĵ棬ųʵС
ûһŹȥʮ䶼ǡ
ξָŸʮյ˵ͷﶼЦ⡣
ųվſڿһξָĵطһܴĿ
û¶ռôʲô
ųͻζ
û¶Ϲ
˵ɣųܡ
Ͳģ
˵ŰһеС
Ҳģ
Ҳ˵ųŤͷ⡣
˭Ǹ
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ߺͺ
رãòͺܲ
ܳʲôԭۺܸߣûκ
Ҳúܺã
һȦ꣬Ҳĵͷ
ʰˣǻؼҳԷһٹ
ξߡ

360

극ٻȥɣ
ξꡣ
УҲŴˡ
ξĳ˲Ը⡣
壬ҺͰĳǽһ¾
ûӦųξĳ
ңҪ
ųҪĳվ׺⡣
ãǾĳ
ߣų͹˸
ֽͦ
ξվڳԿˣٿߣЦһĪ⡣
ǸϽؼҳԷɡ
ξע¸ЦѳŶϡ
߰ɣֶŮ·
ξ꿴һ߱ϳ񿪳ǰߡ
ԹȥԼĳ߳ξѺõЦЦϽ˸ʻ
ߣļСӡ
ξһ䡣
ںĺų͹װ
ԸԳүܲ
Ҫ
û˶ţ߶Цĸᡣ
ã㰲žУҾ˾˵𣿡
ÿεǣ߲ܶæԽ͡ȻҪ˾
ãҵר˾
˵Լ˻ˡ
ˡ
ξں棬עŸʻĶ
񡪡
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šܸˡ
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Ц˵
ٴҲˡ
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Цһ濴ߡ
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εľǸӲˣÿ˵ܲܡ
ͱƽˡ
뵱Ĺ
˵Ҫ
һ˱˵⡣
ôں𣿡
Ȧôںˣ
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ǣ㻹ᣬҪ⣬˻
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㲻ͺá
Ȼ⣬ͦã
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Ҳܺãǳã
Ȼ֪ûб˼߻Ǻܿġ

361

˸յſڣŵԺƮķζ
ң
ųվſڴɾĴĺԺ
ԣɣҪˡ
߻ξȥԺĴľϰŲˮġͺԺժĸʹӣǲһˡ
Ʈ˵ζ͹˵Ŵڴʳ
Ųǻˣ
񳯳һ
ˣЪһͺá
ŴŴףͷ󺹵վڳſڡ
ϵҲˣ
ξˡ
Ÿˣ
ξȥ§ŴҲϵ̡
ǺþûԷˣ춼㰮Եġ
Ŵ˵ſߺͺų͡
ˡ
Ų࣡
࣬Ƕˡ
λСӵĵܵܰɣ
Ŵźξꡣ
š
Ųãžż˵ζ治
Ŵ˵ˬ֪ͨĳӣҲʺá
ղ˵ã׳ԣλүҲڡ
׳˽֪˵үӡ
һԵųͻһͷˮ׳λ
λүӵӰɣ
ŴЦĳų͡
ŲãҳͣǻǱأ
ųЦһˣҲϲŴˬ
úã극ٺúġ
ξŴٳżƬţҧųԡ
ųͿŽţҲˮģξһƬҧųԡ
㡪
һƬţⱻųڳ꣬ξ꣬ٿסֻȿ
Ҫ
°ݲ衣
ųͺͺ˺תſԺӡ
ôˡ
棬ϰŵĲˮ͵˵˶ˣôһҲ
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˵ų԰ȻòҶ
岻ȱĲ衣
ξĿ˼ԶҪȺò衣
֪ˣ˵иȹ𣿡
ͷξһòҶ
ٳҶһһһξꡣ
ȡ
ξЦļۡ
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񡪡
ųҲȹĲ裬ζû˵ҪôȻҲٲ
ֻ񡯽е߹հ䣬ίֿҲֱðƤ
һҶеģ⸱ģ𣿲֪ΪҰôˣ
ܲ˴һСϱһίƵġ
ˡ
ųɵǺǵЦ˵ͻȻоһɱ
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ξ궼ԵˣҲһԡһȥܾȡ
ʲôˮ
߱߳Ա߿ĺ
ҡ
ңû߳Ĺ԰
ųͼǶԣһУֻǳһھҲͣ
óԣģ
ųҲûԹңΪǾˮ
һҶժߡ
ξǺ԰ժġ
Լժ
˵νξ걾ͲˣĶԵĺȵģϲĶá
ξһ˵ףɲǲ԰ô򵥡
Լֵģ
Ż԰ķ
ûԼֵġ
һ˵һ衣
滹й԰
Ź԰ķ
š
˵ͺȲ裬Һȥ
Լֵģǹ԰
ųͲŷӦȵ
ûǹ԰
ͷ
ųͷҺˣһڲ裬Ų㣬ζ
Ҳȥ
ξųһȥģ顣
˵ͽȥժӡ
߰ɣȥ
ξͷ԰ȥų͸ϽϣҲһ
һԺվڶԺſڣųͺĴԺӡ
һԺӣҲҵģ
ŻïʢľԺӣųûȥ
סԺӡ
ôһ˵ųͺͺ˽ȥתһȦ
ԺҲСü䣬˭ס
ָһ
ס
ſ룬Ҳܽܰסٺò

362

Ҹأ
ҲûӰӣ̲סʡ
ӦҲں棬Ҳϲȥ
ôһ˵˲԰ξͲӰӡ
ߣȥ԰˵
ųźͳԺƿ԰Сš
Сġ
˶̫죬񻰻ûڡͼӰӴڳ˵˻

ŵˣųͿǽϱ۾С
ҪǽţƵڵء
Ԫ֡
ͺһԪŴų
оë׵һȥųͲŲ˫ۡ
վ˱ߣһëĴǹ죬ǴкڳЦ
ǹͱĹһ˫ԣŻмֿɰ
ʹŵҪųͺͺҲһ۾ϲ
ҵĹ
ȻҲһûųһ󺰴С
ţ˼ˣģԪԣԼҧ
˵ԪëԪ˵֡
ôôƤŵġ
ȻָԪһ㶼
ȥǸ
ԪëԴϣų͸Ǹ
ԪﶼίͲԸ⡣
̬ȼȥצų͵ȣԸĺͺ˸צ
Ȼһվǰſ佱
ֻǿ佱ûȴ顣
ֻӹ԰ܳԽԽգۼ͵ſڡ
վס
ųͲ⣬֪Ź԰ſںʲô
񻰸˵꣬ӳſڣ̫ܵ죬˸ɲ
վڹ԰ſڿ쳣˷ܡ
񷢻Ƕֻżվ۰Ͱ͵ĳ
ҡͷβͷһ⣬˶
ⶼҵģ
ţоԼǡ
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ҵĹÿǺ˵
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Ǳһ㹷Ҫܶࡣ
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𣿡
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ǲҧˡ
˵꣬ų;͹ȥͷ֥֣˱һ꣬޿УŽȳǡ
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ʯͷܹͱסһί
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磬Ÿ磬ӭǼҡ
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ллʯͷ㻹ǵú磿
ʯͷڷǼһΣȻǵá
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ʯͷֵֿܿܵĳƺԴϺܴ
ô֪Ÿ硣
ųͼʯͷ񳤵мƣòֻ˵ͷԺϡ͹
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ðɣСʯͷ۶ࡣ
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㣬ӣҲˣҸղų˼ţرóԡ
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ϲ
ֻҪǺйصģϲﰵ롣
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ˣΪϲӣҡ
һЩ
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ǰξ߳Աժ첲Ͽһңһӣǳԡ
ŵµװһЩӣңԵ⿪ġ
ֶŮӣζ治Ҫժ
ˣҪժ١
Ȼֻ˵˵԰ĶǲкҲժáΪξûԼˡ
ֶŮã
һӣңξĵõ㡣
ô࣬һҪԷˡ
˵ŵµӣӣʼժӣҡ
ҹ԰󣡡
ӣңһͷĹ԰̾
߱ժӣұ߱û档
ʲôֶŮĹ԰ǲŽдأ
ξ꿿ϣ߳ӣұ԰ڡ
⻹󣿴٣
ųҲ˾ȥ
ʮôɣ
ξ˵⣬ȴǽ
ų˲ӣҲˣ
ôˮ𣿡
ᣬᣡ
νǿġ
ξã˵Ĺ֭ɶ
Ųˮأ

364

үүƢ
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Унţû뵽񷹵꿪ҵôеλĴ
˵еĹʦϣǼѰ
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һһˮλүҲĶ

378

治һԽԽá
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ҲҪһ¹ǵĺŮ

379

ʰɾʦͷԱ°ࡣһתأؼҡ
μҸҲһȥ
үӺһʱûȥҵĹ԰ˣе۲ξûȥˮ˼ûٳԡ
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κСڴĿԣеִ١

380

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ξ۾ʣŵκԴɪɪ
ʲôҲɣҡ롭룬Է
κͷҡĸ˹Ƶġ
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뵽Ŀ
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ԡ
ҽ߸ĸģӦξҲû˵
Ͼ죬¶Խƽϣ¶ȷһš
˵ûƽϣ˵ʲô¡
ллллҡҶԲ㣡
˵κվһ
˵ɣ
͹ˣҲûϡ
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κ¶Цݡ
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⼸һֱã˵飬Բҩǽꡭ
κεͷ۾
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κ˵ȥˣˮϡ
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Ȼûпˣ
Ⱦ裬ҡҲûˣҲҪ衣
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⺢࣡
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ԣȻԣҴȥкóԵĵط
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񣬿𣿡
κС
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Уһ߰ɣ
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СǶʣһ߾С
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ųͺϲ˵ĿζԾĸСҲڴ
ҲǸԻ
Уһǳӳԡ
ξǸԻĺó
˶ϵرš
רעĸκεĳ
ŰСʱ˳һƬͬסլ
֣԰Զ
˵԰ԴһֱҲûȥס
ƾɺȥңһֱû
һȥԺӡ
κΰѳͣһĺԺǰ棬³ͣȣϽȥ
λǼҡ
˵κСܹȥ򿪴ţһ·ż˽Ժӡ
ԺȻϲҵĴ󣬵Ƭ˵ôԺҲѵá
Ժʰĺܸɾĵûһˡµ̨Ϸż軨Ļ
κδ˽д£ȻæŶ˲赹ˮѸֺóԵĵǹ
ǺȲ裬Եġ
κθ׺ݺò裬ִٲһ߶оһ
ûˣ
ֻǺ棬һʡ
û뵽κһеѹ
ûбˣס
˵ļ򵥣ʹҺ⣬Ҳףûٶʡ
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ȥ
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Сѯ
ԡ
˵ҽҩ䣬ξҲţ˽˶᷿
ߣֵܣųͺʹĿڿͱߺȲߵš

382

᷿ܴ󣬽䡣
κδξƿСţȻ߽ȥ
ϱ¹һţԶԶžŸͷ
κϵᶯһ¡
ΡΡ
СҪ
Ȼκκξû
أ
ʲʲô
κһ£˵ʲô
ڽ㡣
κοϣΪ˵Ц
Ρ
˲٣ϵŰִӱ
һִֻڱϣݵƤǣһŮ˵֡
κβ֪ûϽȥڴߡ
裬ˣȺȵˮ
κζˮιŸϵ˺˼ˮ־ɥڴߣű˺ۡ
񡭡壬˯ȥˡ
˵κ̲סᡣ
ҿɣ
ȥڴ±ӡһݵֲ¶Ǽ˵Ҳͻͻһ
ֲ
ͷһƤûκů}ûš
ѹ˼ӱһֻֿʼ
⣬˵֦ûʲô
ã֣ĸ첲Żرӡ
ôô
κǵǣмڴ
˵һˡ
˵ʵһ⣬û
̫á
ô˵κ̲סֱᡣ
ǡ
κɳƵļ˵
ת˲۾һת
ܵ¡ܺתһҲС
κκ壬˶Ρ
ܣȻ״ܲãܵҸ㿪ӣȳԳԿɣҲ˵
˵ױ̨Ͼȥʼдӡ
ξĥڴߣ˵һȷʵˣ
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ץҩһ١á
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壬ллǣллǡ
κҩӣлξꡣ
ÿ¶ȥҡ
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ȲҲĿɫȸղźöˣˡ
ˣ

ˣ߰ɣ
˵ߡ
ҡȥĶһ𡣡
κοķ䣬Լ˵
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ξ꿪ųһЦ˿ڸʻ
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ӡһ㶼˰Ϸ
ԣϷ԰ӣ
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Уȥʶʶ
Ϸ԰кóԵ𣿡
ųͳԻʱ¶š
УСԺǳӳԺȣ͡
ξ˵ĺ죬ǮˣҲһĺá
Ǵ󷽣
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ųҲŴ⻰զ͹ֵֹأ
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ų͸档
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ξһ³ˤԿ׵ȼˡ
԰
³԰ſڵҡ
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ξ񣬼˽š
ߺδˣʲôˣ
һӭξ
ֶֶŮʶʶŸλã
λϷ԰ӵľǼˡ
û⣬λ
˵ǰ·Ѽ˴Ϸ̨ǰһԲԡ
λþ͸ǡ
԰ⲻôõλǰԤ϶ûϷξ֪չǡ
л֣
ξȻҲٲˡ
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ܵ԰ӵľҲһˡ
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ξ֪æҲԸⵢ
꣬뿪
Ϸûʼ̨ϿտҲѾ˺ܶˡȲ裬̸ЦԺȵĶУǸĵط

383

ߣҴȥѡԵġ
ξһӣȥҺóԵġ
ųźϣĿҲһ
ߺͺݿҲŹȥ
ξ껹û˵СԺܶࡣ
Ϸ԰ӵһ߶ĵġġǹġиֵĺʳС֮ġҲиʮңȻС̯λ
񲻵ò԰ӵϰ壬뷨̫Ƚˡ
治ԺֶС
ųͺϲ
Ȼû˵ôţϷԺȷʵС
һϷҪϲԺ󾭳Ϸúܲ
ξúܲģǾ治Ҳڴ
ʲô򡣡
ξһСĿǣС
ҪǡҪҪҪ⡣
ѧСӣҡξĸ첲ˣ֣üЦ
߿Ŀ飬֪ĴĿҲͷ
ԣ嶼򡣡
ξͷЦ⡣
˳űҵͷεķ˸۶
ӻǣ
ξǣָŸСԣ̯λϰ˵ںװ
һСξ͸״ʳ
Ҫʲô򡣡
ǵĺ壡
壬ҲҪԡ
ų͹ξӣɤ
ļֱ¡
ξ޲ø¡
ͣˣ
Ÿ첲ϵļƤһ
ƨ¶
ųͰ
Ҿ͸򡣡
ξ̨Ҫų͵Ľܲˡ
õģ塪
屻߹հ䣬س
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ξˣ³
Ҫ
𰡣Ҫ
ųһ·ȥָͷ˺üξں渶ǮĿö
˳ĸоãиҸ
ͷųͿһĽ
ղһѱ˳ĸоͻȻе񫡣
壬Ժ壬ô𣿡
ųͲҪĺξ˵
ȥȥȥһСʲôɺóģ
үӵƶӲӬʽ
ҲǸӣ
ųͻģ뵱ܳˡ
զ˵Ǹأ
ξĿӣ
˭Һô˻

ĿһʱûסЦ
֪ξôĬ
ҵҲû
ųһ谮ӢƤҪˡ
ôıʵû취費𣡡
ξǣıڣų͡
Ϊۡ
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ų͸ŻλԱ߱Թ
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ϷҪʼˣ
ξ˵ŷ²豭ྐྵӱ߶̨ϡ
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ԣ˼ų̂ϣæŸˮӡ
һ߶Ϸξûע⵽
̨ԱʵȷʵܾʣҲԡ
ȿڲ衪
š
ȻĽӹ豭һڣ±ӣֶһЩʡڳԹӾǹ񫡣
߼ԵĸˣҲģӵٶҲ졣
ݱ߿Ϸߴߣû뵽Ϊһ
ߣ˵ȥҲû˻š
ٿ񣬾ȷʵܺãҲֵõġ
ף޳
ųҲĽζȻҲûš
ÿ𣿡
Դʡ
ÿ
߳Թӱߵͷ
ٺȵˮ
߶ֱιˮѺξһתͷ֣ʱкϷˡ
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ֱһϷξҲûע⵽ߵĵٶ
ôϷ˼ɣ
ϳξ껹ڻζղŵϷ˵ϷԻģϷղ࣡
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ųҲϷˣҪóԵȷʵ١
ܲп
Ҳ˼ȥȾƳ˼ˡ
Ҳͷһ
ĿȻھǰû
Թ´廹
ξⳤװڵĹһNɪĿظϡ
ȥүӺȾơ
ξû˵ͨԡλүϡһҲûദҲǢ
ò˵Ը⣬Ҳһֱ¡
ֵĳȥ˼Сʱ
ɼһλ֮͡
ʲôʱ
һλŵʺ֡
ѩ䣬Ⱥȱ裬Ϣһһ
ڵĶŲˮûˡ
ȡ
˹Ͼܾİתһߡ
һҲŲ谤¡
ѩ䣬ȣȵɤӣԣ
ԱŲŲûۿ֡
ѩ䡪

ѩ䡪
ǣ
ѩ
л갡У
޿̣վŭӺ֡
вУѩ㲻Ҫô죿
æ²豭ȥ͸˳
ҡ

384

ֻûˣͱĻӿ
ȻЦºͣһֺá
ѩ䣬岻д⣬ҽܺã㡭
ȥһ˴һ
ֳָȥ
Ҳȥѩ䣬㲻ҪҲ˵ˡ
˵ž͹ԹԱ죬
㲻ȥҳȥ
˵žɳϵİߡ
ѩ䣬ѩ䣬Ҫȥǰݵķ䣬š
ſڣ˳ȥ
ÿ
ǳ⡣
á
ˣһġ
ɵ˰ɣ
Ҫ𣿡
Ľ˫֡
ҪŲҪ
עˣ˵Ļ
㡪
˱
ѩ䣬Ҫҡ
˵žʹȥ˴
Ҫÿ
Ϊƺ֡
ֱ߬סôҲá
֡

ѩ䣬ǲ
۵ıסˣİο
ſ
š
ˣåǰɣҸ㡣
ұԼôˣå
㡪
޻˵
ѩ䣬Ҫ˵Ҫá
ֽ˿˵š
󣬳ҪåһҪ
ÿڲԣ
ϱҪʲôѩ䣬ǲ˺һŮ
ֽˣڴ
㡭ƨ
˱ͨ죬ЩҪѿĻ
ѩ䣬Ҳÿ
ֱּˣ˱ĺ޳ܳ״ܣ֪˵ʲô
󣬷֣ٲҾͽˣ
סŭȰ˵ַ֡
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쵰Ҫ
Ҫϱ
ε˲ֱӡ
Ҫ˭Ҫ˭ȥſң󡭡
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վڶԺļˣ
û뵽ĺֻһ棡
صĹ
ξĿ˿ֵܡ
Σĸǽеá
û˾Ǻͺݵ衣
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ΪʲôôͲö֪ˣ
ֱӺһȭͷһ̡
ĺֵܵļʾο
ȥǰ棬ҪԷˡ
飬ϾλǳǼôΧ۲ʡ
ȥ
ξЦųԺ
̧ţš
ٲ㿴
ߵĴſǻ
Ҳ̲ס̧žͽԼ䡣
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رӴš
ڣ۸衣
ݺú׵ӡ
ֻۿ۸ˣ˵ϱ۸𣿡
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ɢ׵Ķӣ͸ˣ
ˣˣ
ݲòѺ֡
仰Сһĺܡ
Сӣ˭˵ˣ֪ƨ
Ҳ
Ҳ֪ƨ֪ˡͲ۸ȥұˡ
ؿ˵
ѩ䣬ô۸ң㲻𣿡
Σֻװȡͬ顣
ֵܵһ۾ӶôˣȻܺãʸ˵
šӺݻЩںϣ޷
Ҫǿ׵ķϣһҶء
ĴӺݱ¶ŭӺ֡
䣡
ƣǲҡ
裬ǳȥ˵
ݡ
Ҳݡ
̣
к鲻õĺ衣
裬ҵġ
ݻ˵һ룬ֻȥȵ֡
񣬺úӣллչ˰ݡ
ת۰Ѻֺ͸ղŵĲԺ󣬴ȰĿ
Ԭ̣ǽȥ˵
º͵˵ͺϤ
ãǽȥ˵ߣԬҲлл㣡
ȵĽķ䣬˼׵ųҲŽȥ
ܣӶǹ׵Ҳοο
ûõСӡ
վԺСɸĶˡ
裬ôˣǰ绰Ҳãһиô죿
ںԱߣֱԹ
磬һʱżû뵽
ȰСӵ֣ѿǸܺõĸףǸŮˡ
ģҸԵúסĺãڼһ̹үүͼλүү岮˶ܺãرչҸ磬Ҫġ
οĻҲʵ
裬ģĺܺãλүү۰ңҽҲҵĲҪ˶þͻá
˵ţﶼţɫҲرá
迴Ҳġ

385

үүҸղżˣȷʵܴƣ㼸λ岮Ҳܺáҹͷˣ㡭
˵žᡣ
󲡣Ȼѹ
裬治õģԼҵһĺҲܲҲûٷ
˵Ϳģûʲôܱȵһ塣
úãҶһὡ
߲߸ˡ
ᣬҲǺÿ
ź迴
ȿڲ衪
豭ǰס˵ߡ
߾Ų豭ĿҲûƢ
裬Ȳ裬ĲرáˮǺ԰Լֵģζر𲻴
ǸТ˳ĺúӣ˲赹ˮԵġ
ԺվһĻЦＫȲƽ⡣
ϱԼģҲԼģƾʲô˾ûķݶ
վԺȥòôĬĬš
ԡ
˵˵ЦЦˣֽˣ
ûһЦŽˡ
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ݵƲһۣ

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裬ȿڲ裬Ҫ
ݳ׵ı˳ҪТ˳жТ˳
ᣬ
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ߴ·ĽȥϵΧȹӭӶˡ
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飬ϵΧȹҲһζֲúֲŲ֡
д£ˮҲǰ
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˵һһƿƿ޹ޣźϲ
һ׿ں죬Ҳ³ɫҲԡ
ҿ
ûߵˣںӾʹ򿪡
֧أ
迴źĿں⡣
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Ȳںֱɫ
ĸɫԹԺ󣬶⡣
ÿɫƯСС̫ܸˣ
һϲ
һԺȲҲܸˣΪ
ϲͺãƷ˾͸˵
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͵Ŀˡ
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̣Ұ
ͱ¡
òãźȲ죬Ǽûˣ˰æ
Ҳû֣Ͼгòæ
ҴȥߺڿȲ衣
ﻹͦ󡣡
ű֪úܺá
ƽʱͰ̺ͰסʱҲס
ߺͺһ𳤴󣬶Ϥ
ûŮѣ
ôʣΣ
Ҳܹİݣ
߶۾
԰Ͼѣʲô𣿡
⻰ûκ˼档
߲ô룬ΪԺ뷨

飬ǲԸ˵
ݳôÿһΪŮѡ
⻰һɫ˲٣Ҳһ
û˵Ҳ
үʵ
Ӧú֣
⻰ôش𣬺ֲǻ֣
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еᡣ
ÿǸŮӶϲ
ͷ˵
أ
ǸŮӾϲ߲ϲ仰
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һͷˮ֪ʵʲô˼
Ҳϲݣ
ϲǺý֮ϲ
˵֣صͷ
ʵرͺǴꡣ
ǰβҲǿųֵġ

397

ôϲأ
֧°ߡ
㲻˵úܺÿ𣿡
²ۣʲô߼
Ļܺÿͺһ
ô˵߰ϲ
õĶ˶ϲݳúÿҲԸ͡ѹϵ⣬һ֦ߵĻô˵㶮𣿡
ߵͷ
̫ˡ
ס
ԲҪ롣
ԸκĹϵϲ
ҹȥ
һ𣿡
ԣԴȥ
ߴĳɫ˲ȥ
סĵطҪҰ𣿡
ߴȥˣ϶Ҫھס϶ý
ĻͰһ£ҪǲȥŰҲС
ûʲô㣬óҲмСԺӿţ빤ҲԶ
֪ҵײû뵽ҲԺӡ
ûкĺԺҲʡ
ϲΪϲ𰸲Զ
Уѣʡ
ⷽЩ·ĺԺڻôֵǮҲûгʶֺܺ㡣
кʵʼףݺͰҲҪ
ԵطҪ𣿡

ԼסԺӺΧõУν
½ġ
ò⡣
Ϊʱ¥𣬺ܶ˲ԸסĺԺв˻֡
Һܷġ
˵žͷرᡣ
ˣǶݺݵĵһۡ
ҵͷ
ξû취ͷܲ֡ǳĴúܳԿ
ƽװһŹ֣
ڿӴӳ
Ǻ滹һˣΪǳˡ
񣬰ߣ׼Էˡ
ϵΧȹӸẕ́߰кߡ

Ҳڣ
е˼˻֪λҲڡ
ţæղˡ
ܺã˵߿裬ﶼǻİ⡣
еࡣ
ͰϴֳԷ
˵û֣תֽ˳
ЦĸˣβƵĸŽ˳
ѩ䣬
ֽŵڳ
һ߶ȥ

ʱı顣
ѩƤ̡
ڵ
Ƥͦġ
˵ţŲ̴ӳ
֣Ͻȥһߵϴּȥϴ֡
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лߵǲԼһóԳԣúȺȡ
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Ҳ˼
һšһ𤡣
Ե㣬ҪյĲ˺ϲθڣ
ȰĿ񣬼ǰ͸вˡܵемܲס
лл̣ԼҲ԰ɡ
ԡ
СںСĵ˵°ͣĵĸá
ע⵽һ˿ᡣ
ȷʵǸܸӵĶ
һٷԵĴҶˡ
ڿҳݵĶ
ǰݰԵʳǼȸ·ǡ
ĺǸ⻰һû
һʰԴõĶС֪ݸȱЩϸĵʰá
裡
ûȱȱܻΪ׼һС
裡
ߺûеı
鷳ˣҪôණ
迴һӶе˼
û£зɻš
˵Ǹм
񣬰ʵлл㣬˰һҡ
˵ź۾ûΪݵĲġ
Ľݡ
̲ÿҺͺѣΪβӦġ
ûΪβʲôֵøлġ
ѩ䣬㲻ѹܺáҪȥ
§źļο
߸뿪ˡ
̣Ǿˡ
˵Ӿͳš
ʱ仹磬ߡ
۾ߡ
ˣһҪȥ
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´̼
֪ҪϷɻҲû
Զȥŵᡣ
ѩ䣬ޣҪҲȥ
ֽŵ§źοۡ
˵˽Ժӡ

398

߿ȥ԰ĶҲϣһȥ
񣬹Ҿȥ
ǻڣߺܲĿ
ãʱ֪ͨңȥ㡣
仰ܺܵ㡣
ȥֱӰ߲뿪

Ρδ񼸵㵽ҪҪȥ
˿Ź̨æ˵ξ꣬ԥſڡ
һҲΣǽξأǸ壿
￹ƺ
˼ƺδ
δ
ξñŤӦøһ
ôƺԸɣ
Ȼ˼꣬ξҲῡԸ⵱
ãĳڻ
˵ξĻˡ
ҪĵĻȥתתЩ궼ģȥ·ױƷҲС
꣬үüĳġ
꿴Ҳξһ
Ҳһܲɸ˵ܰɣ
ڶģ
ʵھȡ
ʱҲע⵽ˣڵķװ꣬ױƷ꣬ռ˴֡
λھĵķضΣȻӵаֵĵ棬˾ֻʣ
ҪϷ꣬ģҼӡ
ξ˵͸ˡ
ǰûйעԺЩԺŸЩ
ֶŮԣξľ֮ۡ
վſ֣ʵֶ
۹⣬ӹ϶ֵǮ
ڷǳˣԶеġ
Ҳô˵ģĿ֡
˵ξ鱶ãһ硣
ĽҲҪ塣
ͻȻ𣬲壬ɷʲôĲǸã
뵽˺
ôˣȵĻȥ߶ȡ
ξ꿴ͨˡ
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˾ڹ̨ξꡣ
ξ굹Ҳû˵ʲôȥһ϶˹
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ξȥҺȥ԰ժϡ
Ǹܵˣϰ໹ˮ
Ҳ˺ܶ԰ˮеֳԣеߵʱϻûС
ξȳʣȵǡ
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һ̨ԶĿˣξϣҲҪ
ϣԵȡ
˵ξֽȥ˼ϣ˿ÿһ̡
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ˣˣҲˡ
ò˵ѧͦ
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Уǵȥժ
ξ˵Ϊѣ
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˵ξ꿴й˿͡
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һǼǣٽϾ۳ȥˡ
̨ϣξ͹˿ֺƢĽ˵
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ʲôأ
ξĻ˲Żع
ûûʲô
εĵͷŲ

·ɻֱȥͣϡ
·վ·ڵȺ̵Ƶʱ񿴼һϤӰ
վ·߶ϣһŮӻͷķ
˵Ŀ·־ɣնʮ俴ϸһ㲣Ҫȳȡ
л
ΪⱲӶټŮˡ
׷ŮȻøû飩Ϊӵáû뵽ȴ޵Ԩ
ԶԶűӰ֪
ӳӡ̵һˣʲôӡ
Ȼ֪ʲôҲܲ³һһ뿪עкý
ȰȰȰȡ
ĳȴߴ٣ŷӦһȥʻȥ
·߷Ͱл·ڿȥʲôҲû
ϢĸȥҴҵĸɫˡȣ
˵ŮˣлڵĳӴᡣ
û·һлزȥˣ



399

ƽԶ
л˵İˣԸʩ
ôһˣ⵽еš͵ˡ
ûзĵİģҲͬʱл
泩һ̶
ڻˣ
ͣȳ˴ܳ
ˣӭ
ͦãҪסһʱ䣬㲻ҷɣ
ĸ첲˵š
˽ξҲӳһϳ
ҴֶŮˣԿϡ
ξһϵݸ
ı߶ϣ
֪ԼֵģΪƷֳûӡ
ĸ԰ġ
ۼҺԺġ
ξǲ
𣿡
һ룬춨ȥ˲١
һ飬ξֵݸһ
Ҳԡ
ξһݸˡ
ллδ򡣡
ƺξû
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ξ꿴ͨҲû룬Ϊ̫¡
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Сϱ߳Թϱ߿֣׵ĳԹȺڡ
ʲôó󡣡
ξ߿ϱ
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УǳԵľûҲС
Ǿɣ
ҪؼҳԷԵ㡣
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ȣξ档
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ξô˵Ҳ
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ҡͷжټҲô֪
ļӣҶǼĳ͵ġ
ǰúԽУǮзгӣǶŮҲġ
ɺһȣԼĿ
ļҲܲǵľú;Ͳһ
ðɣ˵ĶԡһȥҲҪ򼸼ӡ
ܴطǺúðһ¼ҵ
ͦã֧㡣
ͬŮӾö˽
´ȥǰҿ
Ȼ󣬿ѡûͷԣԶ
ԣͲ֪ʲôʱˡ
ʱܽƴӹС
пչȥҲıı
˶Ͷأ۹⡣
ͺãһżñ˰㿴ҲС
ţ˼еǾܸɵˡ
˵һǫ͵
ǫ飬͵
ͬ⣬ǰеԡ
ͺúǫ͵ķƣ
Ժѵֿף
ƺãȽ㼪ԡ
Ժӣ˾;øˡ
򼸼ӣȻһҲԲˡ
͵͵롣
㡭δûйŮ𣿡
ر档
˼
û˵ҲûŮӡ
Ͻξ˵û
ϣȥ

400


ﰵԸˣξǸѵõĺˡ
ҽã⣬˺飬ҽԺá
ֱŮ˶еĻ룬˶ξۡ
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ôã
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ʣ

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硭硭
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ξСֹ
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ֳˣԲģҹԱа취
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Т˳Ȼ˵Ը
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үӴһӣϵʳ
үү϶óԡ
үӴƣҲϲ˼˵
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ҹԱ˵óԣѾͷ϶Ե
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ǰݼڡ
񣬽治
үһá
ҪƷֺãˮ𡣡
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ƷǺãҲҪ˻ֻ
үӰйͶ
ռ䣬һ죬е㲻˼
ûͣҲֻˡ
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ҶүӾ˷˿
ҲʶʲôгŮ
үҪϵڶû˸ҵһ
ĽͬʱҲֵñ谮
ΪүТ˳Ҳû˵
үӺҶүӣТ˳
үӺүӸүӺȾƣҪҲ
ǰŮһ۰
үүǺãŮҲ
Сڸֿ佱гѾ͵ĵǹ롣
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ĺö˼ңûжӶϱʲô¡
Һòĺã
үⷽҲ

401

ԸԳԵү
ζүүζ
һζ
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ãã˺һмԲùô࣬ϲǾʹȥ׷ľܾ㣬治ϲ㣬ԼŬȡԺҲڣ˵ǲ
˵꣬úе
˵ûֲʲô˵飬Ҫ׷һϲңܾңҲûʲô
ͨˣҲҲپûֲ̿
Ŀ꣬ҪŬ͡
лл㣡
˸һӵ
ÿףձй顣
ǺǺǡ㻵ˣһúŬ

402

ʱٽʼ׼
ڶ죬Ҳ磬ȥˣȥ֣˳ðƷ
ʲôʱ
һӱ׻߱߳ԣžϲͬɫСԣۻҡ
¸塣
һݣٴһݡ
˿᲻ڻطǣҪ᲻ˡ
þʹãҲڼҲԴš
㲻ڼû˼
ѧڼңһҲĺúõġ
ǲһ
첲˵İ
Ĳһ
ģ㲻ڼҺ˭棿
δ档
⻰һڣ˲Ӷˡ
㡭ôҲ˵ˡ
˲˼ǺЦá
ѵ˵𣿡
˼ı׻
ðɣôô졣
ߣĻطǣع
˰Լ°ŵ׵
㡪
˱߹н֣Ҳǰʰ˵ĵط
Իǻؼҳԣ
˵
ҪرϲŴķˣ⼸ڵڼԵġ
ؼҳԣŲ˵ǰ𣿡
ǾٹһǸϽؼңʡǵȡ
»ؼˣүǵš
ǿ㣬ҪʲôǾͻء
ͽһԵ̳
Ҫʲô𣿡
ˣϾǿˣھ㶫ؼҲܺá
ǲżĩʱٳ䡣
Ҳżؼң
Ǿһкʵľûʵ˵ĩʱ䣬ǳٹ䡣
ǰܶźˣĩûر飬ʱġ
ٹ䣬Ȼؼҡ
ոս̳ţַ
ŮùŮ
˺ǰߣ˺ԾΪںǣҲûͷ
Ů񡭡

ӦڽԼɣžͻͷ
ùŮ㰡Ҿ˵أҲǱˡ
׷ǮүҲϴκһʰ˵ĺĴү
ǳԹ
ǮүãԲҲ֪ڽҡ
ܵе˼
û¶û¶żԶ㣬Ҿ׷ˡ
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ˣﲻãҼҾǰ棬ҪŮȥҼ
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Ͳȥˣַߺȥ
񲻹ȥǮүȥһƬûкԺӳ֡
ãҼҾǰֵͬңľžǡ
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УҼסˣпҾȥҡ
úã춼ڼңʱ
ǮүˣҲսˣ
үҸ¶ҸûҪĺԺ
룬Ǯүá
ԼҪ𣿡
Ǯү
һҪĺԺкʵĻҲҪ򡣡
ôһ˵ҪԺӡ
ͬüҪԺӵģҸʡ
ǮүȻϢͨǸߺͬĺôү
鷳үˣʼңкʵҾͶҪˡ˵ҼѶصģǾϲ⾩ĺԺҪ
Ǯүһ˾񣬾Ǵ¶úúð񣬱Ͼսѡ
У¶ģڴүϡ
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ллүæһ£ҹ
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ãǾô˵ˣүҳ緹
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û⣬׼ʱҡ
һһСӶЦ
˸ϻؼҳԽӣǮүҲŻȥϢ
ôÿ˶ôã
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ʵȻԼ˺Ϥѳرá
ĳ岮ҲҪТ˳
Ǻ˾Ͳһˣ
ѧУ˵ôˣͬͬѧ񴦵úõģҲôеֶ֪˵ʲôĸ˵ˡ
аɣ
ôǻУҶ㶼ܺãҺôģ
ûʲôĴҵˣһӱĴô򵥣
˵ɣһ򵥡
˵ĴԼˣм
⻰ҸûϼĴҵˡ
ε˵
ꡢ顢顢˫ܳá
⻰Ҳ֪ôشר·
㡭ðô
⣬ãôߵ⡣
ͦãһرõˡ
ǳϿҵۡ
ǡ
˵žͲˣʻˡ
ôˣ
ʲô
ǻƷòã
˱ȻĹ˸
ͦãһжߴб¡
飬˶׽
Ǻб£ҪôǷǵϴ󡣡
ϴϴ֪ĺ

403

˿һ·ңλԺӡƤڶʣ޼Ҳӽβ
ƾɺҲڰæʯͷſһдҵһСźܰ
ҹԱãҲ½ӡ
үӾ͹Ů˭Ȳϡ
ʲôڣ
ǶˣҲû֣Цүӡ
Ľӿɷḻˣڶ۲ڶڶо²˼ڶҹԱԵġ
ðɣ˲ܣȽŮ
ڶ񰮳ԣ˶ϲԡ
һдҵʯͷҲͷ
һҪԵӿˡ
ʯͷҲû˭ˣ
ʯͷԣ
˱ɰʯͷԵĲУĵܵҲҪ
лл佱ҲҪԵӣŲĽӿɺóˡ
ʯͷǻ¶ˣ˳ſŴգһãܵġ
ʯͷǹԣŲԶԡ
Ŵ˵ǸȰֱĲ񻰣ƽʱſŴˡ
СӼҼҵʲôʲôûô¶ٹԼ
үӷˣʯͷ̬Ⱥʮǧ
⻹Ǵĺүү
үүǺүүÿ˭үүˣ
ʯͷͷһҲ⻰ʲôԡ
үӵԴҼֲ֡
˿ʯͷۣүǲǲϲ
룬ʡ
үôܲ۰ʯͷأ
ֻǺһȣʯͷûô۰ˣ
֮˾кҪţҲүӶʯͷһ۰
ˡ
ŴЦЦŽߺȥ˳
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ҶүЦ˵
ҹԱң
ү˵Ľ
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ƽʱ仰ٵƾɣҲүǰࡣ
ǣûǺúӣõĶҡ
үӿģƾɺͶû
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и˹š˵šţγһָ
ƾ֪һ㣬Ҳүӡ
ܹˣϧЩ
ξҲͷĹүǰƤ
óԳԸúȺȣߵʱүӻø
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ƾ˵סүһְֻο
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үӺ⻰⣬̫˸С
Ǹʮ㣬ɱиӢۺúһ¡СĲʮ꣬ûҹԱ󡭡
ү˵̲סᣬ˼ƽʱ˵Щ
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404

壬ϺúӢȱԶ
ǸˣԻеġ
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Ҳƽʱ͵һҪԭ
ǵġ
˵ţῴүӡ
ǰҲ࣬Ҳûȥʱ
ûҸ
˶ӣҲ۹ĳҲлֳùˡ
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Ǻúӣ
ƾʮüˣүӵۣǾҸ
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岻˵ûϵĻˡ
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ͺϲүƵˣǾ壬ݡ
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Ӣ˭ûа
ӳඣ
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Ҷʰӣôף׼ԡ
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ʯͷһӣ㣬ŴͿޡĲźݣмӡ
ллʯͷԵġ
΢ЦʯͷϲСʯͷϲˡﵱԼһһ㶼
СӶԵ㣬ԸҲҪ
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ŴЦźξ꿪Ц
˵У͵ԿɲУұأ
ξһƨʯͷм䡣
Ҳùͳԡ
ﱻҧһڵĽӣξҲ
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Ӿ;ƣټӴ⣬Ǽֱˡ
һһ꣬һƱͼͷ
ԼҸֻܺôһ
𰡣ֶŮһôأһھûˣȼв
ξΪ˼ƣȻװ
˱߳ԱĿξʵ̫ϲˣ
ҪԼã˱뷨һϽͷԽӡ
ȼԣǲܿҪôסҪôȥ
ûһòξÿҲ
ΪǶϷ
У嶼ġĻزģҵƺȰɣҽˣס
ƣξˣˣ
ۼҵľƺúȣ
ξһȥ뱭ûˣһڽӣĸ̾
СҲвٴɣ
үЦŽϵ׶
壬ôô˵أǲҴŵ𣿡
ξһЩľƣ᲻úȶ
һоƺȣǲүӡ
үרڼҶӲصĺöʲôĺò衢þơҩӵȵȡ
˼ֻҪҵԸʣȫûա
ξۣүӾԴǵ˵ТģТӸ˿ˡ
˼˵ıУģᡣ
ξÿÿĸζۣԼ׵ûӡ
βʹĽѵξҲѧˡ
ضˮƽֱүӰѴײˣûҵκζ
Ҫȥңһң
μҸ˼Ķ֪
үҲξꡣ

405

а
ξ꾯
壬ֶֶӰɣҵĲƶҰַڳˣҶĭӶûֶӿ
װξߺȾƱ߳ԽӣԵ̵ģһ
ôˣû

˵˵˵ѹһǳԽӰɣ
˵һӣһھƣξһ㡣
ŵӣüλүӹЦ
㰡Ǿ㣬ϡ
үƱξ굹ơ
ξ˫־ٱүӵľƣָˣ
ֶӣ
Ǿ㡣
˵үӸ˼ӡ
үӺҶүҲŴ֣һξСе
԰ɣҲ㡣
үӴľˣҶˣҲЦ
ҽôôܳأ
ξڳŽӣװһɻʴҡ
ĺöֿ˿ۣĲ̣㡣
Ҷүһ˵϶ʱЦһƬ
ҲͷЦֱðᡣ
壬ֶӾһöүүҲһˡ
סЦ⣬һ˵
ξֱۡ
⻰˵Ҳûľȣ˭Ҳһ
ξЦĲá
һʣЦǺÿˡ
ɲСǺöȶҲҿɻۡ
ҲʹˣЦ
㲻õģù
ֶȸΪ
ξ˵Ÿ֣־һڸ˾ƣѿվƱξꡣ
ξĥĥ³Խӡ
Сӻ顣
үӱùЦ
壬ô䰢ҿɲˣûֶ𣿡
ξ껹СһԴס
ԣСҲ飬Ǵӡ
ү⻰һξԲˡ
Ÿ磬ʲô
ξ߳Աʡ
Ҽ˶࣬ҲĹ࣬ҪԷ˶ûݡ
Ҳǣû¶ǣѾ⡣
ʲô
ŴҲƢƽʱĸֵһξҲӦ
ţ⡢ӡࡣ
ţ⣬ǶͨۺţⶼӿռóģҲѹξ
׾͸˵ˣռֲף𣬹ζͺˡ
ξôҲԲҲһ
ֻ֪ŪģѵõĶҲʡ
μҸӺүΪʦйأֻܳԣҲӲʡ
ΪЩûʣС
ҲһܺõĽڣԵĶ϶ӿռóġ
ҲүӲߵһԭ
ΪҵķԽԽãԵĸе
Ǵ֪ʲôʣʲôʡ
ȻүǴеĴˡ
򵥣ʲôʱԣ
ĳԺŴ˵㣬үҲʡ
ϣܺȾơ
ξ̴졣
绰ҲҲڡ
үƽʱԵ㶫ҲүӴ绰ϸϵرá
Уɣ
ξû׵Ҳԡ
ٸ޲绰Ҳ԰ӳԺࡣ
үӻүӡ
ҪǴүӶر۰үӿеöҲ
ɣ
ξûǾܶ˾һԷ
ҲţҾһ֣Ѿһϰߡ
ܼүӣе㲻еڴ
ô˵ϣܸ˼һӡ
үүҲþ
ʱүӺȹξƣ˼Ҵ飬ҽֺã˾ء
ݷ֣ҵˣ˺үӹϵãһͬ㡣
Ǿر۰
ò˵ˡ
үӵЩֵսѣܶ඼켣ڹٳƽʱҡ
үӵĻ˵ھǸͨɢˣĲһ
һүҲ͹ٳǣ밲ӡ
үүǺãҶȡ
˵үӾʹЦ
ΪүҲŮܵģҺ̫ơ
үЦʹ죬ûƵġ
ҴֶŮܽз
ξ˵͵⣬׵ڱסˡ
ײξ˼ˡ
ҪҪҸүү˵˵˼Ҳúùܹ
ֶŮɣɲô塣
ξװ顣
ξСĿָԼһơ
ٺȼ첻ס
һֻҪô˵
壬ֶŮԽԽɰˣ˵ô죿
ξСƣүӱԹ
衪
үҲǸˣ˵ܶĬ
ҹԱǶɰĺӣôͲɰˣҿԽԽɰˡ
ү˵ξƿԣĿɿڴ
ϵľƿξڲٵһء
˵ûҲɰˡҪֶӺ˯үúġ
ξܰүӣ˼죬˵¡
˯ˡ˯ҹ§ֱģô˯
ү˵¾Σξ˯˼ξ˼ܲ

406


ŵá
С˯Ҳʵ
һԺ˴ЦûѷЦ
ξûһ㲻˼
ʲôүá
ξ˵Ժ
үӺҺð
˯ôʵڵ˼һû˯ôܺһ˯
˯˯
үҡͷܾˣ
ۼӶ࣬Ҫǲ˯˯ĶС
үûξ굱ˣ˯ľ˯ġ
Ȼǰǲ˼һ˯
ξܴҪѰοɨһȦĿʯͷϡ
ʯͷϺ˯𣿡
ξͰͣʯͷͷ´Ӧѹ
УϺ˯ҪҲԡ
ɣʯͷǸĵСƤ
˲˱ү˺ξꡣ
ã屧ʯͷ˯
ξˣ
ʵרŵķ䣬͸Сһ
ξֶ꣬మ˼֡
ʯͷɽүүˣ
ҶүЦǺǵ˵ǴȤξꡣ
˵˵ЦЦһٷԵıζ
塢˰ŴʰһԺȲ졣
ʱĵ绰ˡ
ξڿͽ˵绰
绰û˵͹ˡ
꣬˭
үʣϾ绰û˼Ҳûξ˵͹ңүӺܺ档
ʿĵ绰˵ϱ⼸ҾʹӦһˡ
ʿҲˣүӵͷ
ϾŮæҲûʱȥ棬ȥҲͦá
ȥҲã
үͬʿ˼Ҳϲ
˵𣿡
ξꡣ
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ξ˵ţ˼ˡ
Уǳ緹ǹȥ
˵
ʲôʱС
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үӾ߶㣬Ȼû˼Һܲȥ
ξѣòˣ϶ܺá
УĻҼסˡ
ҴֶŮǴ
ξүӣҲģҲ֪š
һȥ𣿡
ξꡣ
Ҳȥ绹б¶ϵøϻ԰ӡ
ðɣ
æξҲ˳Ե¶
̣һȥɣҲþûȥˡ
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Դķװ¶ٳȥ䡣
ȥɣڼңǳȥú档
ûſڣүӵȷˡ
Ǿģȥ档
˵˼ڴ¶ûɹˣ
úңԶúúù䣬ϾҲǮ
ɣ
Цƾɡ
ûֻȥ棬ϲĶ򡣡
˵ƾɴӶͳһǮӣǮ
̫ˣ̣Դ𣿡
Ǯһ˳塣
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˵۵һ硣
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ϽǮĶ˺˵
˵ǮƼҲûһͷࡣ֪㣬Ҳġ
ٶǮҲûʧ˱ԡ
үΪһ㡣
ƾɣ󣬶ǮǸɰС
ຣС
ƾɶ۰ԶʤԼӡ
Ȼ֪ȱǮʱʱʱĸ㻨ǮͿԿ
Уϲʲô˭Т˳أ
˵ḧ֡
ڼʶʲôų衣
ԽǺӴԽϲ
ҿɾͲˣ
Ц˵á
ÿ
˵ĺ󷽣һ̲סЦ
û¶г̾ôˡ
ϼںģȵ񷢾Ĳࡣ
ݺϸİһܾϲ
ݿ񣬴Ҵһ¡
ջûסʳڡ
ôкת𣿡
ɣܽš
죬֡
оô
ûŻش⣬ѯ
ͦõģԵúã˯ҲãҲȶ
ңȷʵתܶࡣ
̫ܺã
˵꣬ݻǶԼ֪ܽš
ָĺܺãҹò˶ãԴѪͻȫɢ
˵꣬ݼ˫ֲ
ԼԴܡ
桭ģ
ݻеţĥܾõĲħҪˣ
ôҲţ¶ô򵥣
ģƭ㡣
ضԺݱ֤
֪Ҳ˼ҾǾúõ̫˰ɣ
ͷߣϻԼõÿ죡
ҪҲС
ȫݵ˼Ҳ
ǿãҾǸоرʵƵġ
ڴϽΰɣ˾ͺá
ʰҽҩ˵Ҳܲ
Ǹ˸ͿˣҪҽ߳
ݺûҪǮƵ
еȥҽҩϽط

407

糿ĸ磬ξ꣬ʯͷһǰԺүӴȭ
һȭ̹
Сӽɫ
үӼݺƽʱģɫҲ١
ϸҼ飬˵Ҳˡ
ݸ˵ĺүǷԼϲá
úãǴ¶ɱֻ㲹
үһ˾ɱݲ塣
ҲŸˣϾ˼Ĺ
ллүүۼҵļǺóԡ
Һ԰˺ܶ༦ӿţҲ߲ˡ
ɢģʱʱҲιǵռĶԣһСľͰѼرá
ҼͼҲܺóԡ
ôԼĺҲúζ
ʱ䣬ûٳԼ
үӼԣĻɱһֻѺչ˵׵
ۼҼһ治ǿ͵û˵
ҵļ࣬Ҳ٣ԼҳԲ͸ϵõѡ
ξûٳԼƽʱͱٲһ
Ǵ޼ҺҲûٳԣĹϵҲûͼ
ȥҵļԼˣ֪񲻴ˣҲƲԼҴ硣
壬ҼļûˣٸװЩҴȥ
˵𼦵ξҵļҪûˡԺĿںүҪ
򼦵ڴ䣬Լȥװ
үӴһӣҲС˼ҶξǴûС
ϣǳȥװ
ξҪرģԺˡ
𴲵ʱ緹
ͼ򵥣档
Ȼ򵥣ʵʵ˺ϡ
һ޵ĹͷͲ˵ˣ
һ̻ƲӲӵļ嵰һ̼⣬ˣӪζžˡ
㣡
Ȼһγ棬ɹζͲĻš
Ųû˵ѾͷԵ㡣
үкˡ
ҿ϶ҪԵ㣬ζ;ö
֪˶ˬ˵ҲŤ
ʢã˼һ嵰ƬͿԡ
һȥҲ˲óֻ࣬һڲһ
үͷ˼ҾϲŮӣŮһ
ѾͷԼʢЩ֡
үҲǸ˼ˣ֪Ǹˡ
ȻŮ͸˵ˣһи嵰һп⣬Ůչ˵׵
Եĸˣ˼Ҳ㡣
ܰζͳ꣬ξȥ¡
үȥ԰ʳ˳޹ӡ
廹Ҳûţȥ԰ժˮ
ˮóԣҪĻҶһֱ
˱߳ӣұ߱ԹԹ鱧ԹܳԵôõˮҲ㡣
£гкȡ
Ų˵ġ
ǣѾͷϲʹ档
˴ˬΪ˴ܲҲϲ
ˣعԺɻһ͵
ðɣǮԡ
ߵʱҪˮ
⼸챻ҵˮԲˣߵʱ򲻴ﲻ
ֻҪѹߣˮժ
Լ˺һܴ󷽡
ãôôأ
˵ܱ
§§ģӰ첻á
˵һ࣬˺嶺ôЦֹ
ССһ˶ǻợˡ
˴ŶЦ˵

첲ϿŸСӣһΡ
Զԣ˵Ķԡ
ֻͶķݡ
ӹҲ§§ġ
̲סЦ
ŲأҲȥ⼸죿ȥپãǵ񷨹Ҳ
˵Ŀ϶Ϊôһؾɵˡ
ǰҲһеؾɹŰ壬ҪʮüˣҲû̸
ֻһСԭ
û̸Ҫ룬ҲԸ⡣
֪᲻ı뷨
һժҵˮɣ
˱߳Աժӣժ˰мӣ󶼽졣
ߵʱҪңӣңӶҲҪҲҲҪЩ
˱߳ԱϸҪˮһȦ԰ļҲ
ʲôûֻҪɻУ˷ֲҪ
ʲôԼժԼȥץ
˵Ĵ󷽣еЦ
ˮûУ⣬ɼҪôϷɻ
Ҳڿǣ˼ʹųԺҲܳԵźܵ
ˣɻϿ϶ô
үӸ˵Ҫץݲ壬Ͳ
үү˵Ҫ
ԣݳԡ
񱳶˵
ҲҪȣݸƵģȼ
е㼵ʺݣǲţҲƽⲻ١
Ųġ
˶࣬˼зݣǲڼҵҲ
ҪǼۣ֭Ŵģζû˵
˺ξ

408

ժˮų԰ӡ
ûүҲ׼һ
ʮ࣬ˮ壬˲ųš
ٳţƾɻҪ
ǰ񵱹Ůۡ
һԵЦүϷ
ҴˣóԵġ
ƾҲһ硣
ֱᡣ
Ҫ˵˲׸Ů϶ûš
Ҫƾ̫廹ر֧֣й֮޲
ȥɣ
ƾɺүƵģŶûꡣ
֪ˡ
ǣ壬߶ˣϳﳤȥ
ƾվſֱӰŽȥӺүˡ

ȥģ
ܲ
ȥѼң緹ȥ֡
ȥ񣬱ϾﻹŲǸղժʹߣȣڳƾ˻᲻ʡ
ȥ̣֪ﲻ
ҲĵĺͶϵҲܲ
û壬Ӧүүˡ
ϾҺμҹϵܲ
⻰˵һûүӿˡ
ʲôû˵Ӧû⡣
ξӵ绰Ȼ֪û⡣
᲻ᡭ
뵽һֿܣֻûû֤ʵҲԡ
ǿܾͷ۸ðС
˵һ
пǺ¶أ
Īһ䡣
Ͼǹˣ֪⻰˼
桭ģ
Ȼûеõȷϣܸˡ
пˡ
Ҳֻôһ룬ûûݵģҲ˸ˡ
ʲôϢ
еڴա
Ϲ£ǲǺϢһ֪
Ҳ˵ϾЩһֱûж
ǰһʱ񿪵Ĳҩ˵Чܲ
ϻ˵⣬ҲôһСһ˵ҲǸɣ
ǲ˭Сˣ
š
ûӣɵЩҲö
Ѿͷͦ
Ŀˣ˿˸
˭һܵĿޣƤ
̾ͽɣ
˵ֻ治óƺ
ȫɣԵ衣
СԵòС
С־ƽװһ
аˡ
Ǻѳƺ
Ժô㡣
˵С塣
ж𣿡
Ҫǲ˻治ʡ
˺ˣ˼ɵ̸⡣
ȴ֪ôش
ҡ
һߵı飬֪ˡ
ϲˣ
ôһʣ˴Ӷ쵽ӣ͵͵һۿͷ
С
Ƿ𣿡
ٴ͵񣬼ûһ濪ҡҡͷ
Ƿˡ
ʲôģ
巢ߴð˴ٸʵ׵ľú˽˽ˡ
ġ
˵ûӦŷġ
ͻȻú߳ܣξ꣬İ˵
ⲻӻӡ
˵Ҳû
Ǵ˶ˣ
⳹ѵˡ
˶ã
˵ûദ
е㺦
ϵ׶ֲ֪ˣʵʵ˵
ûദҡҰ
˵˾úܲ˼ͷ
û뵽ô߿һۡ
ǲһóʱͳ֣ϰ֪࣬⡣
廹Ǹ֣⻰˵ĺġ
Ҳû뵽ô˵̧ͷ㶵Ŀ塣
Ц壬ǲְշģ
ֵûζ
ա̡
ȫû뵽廹ôһ棡ͬ⡣
ѵµģ
е˼ʡ
ôˣ˵
Ҳҳ֣Ŀǰҡ
˵ţͿЦˣԽЦԽ
ˡ
Ҳҳд𣿡
˺һ䡣
û𣿡
ԽԽô¶
˭ûˣҡֻҪô֣
֣
ô˵ô£
ȱ˼úģü֡
һʱ嶯£Ͻˡ
ʶ˵Ҳʡ
Ҳ֣ҡҵ˼Ȳż˵˵
˻ûξףû׼
Ϊǿ㶮ɣ
˵ôһ仰
仰ȥˡ
濼ǿǡ
˽ȵǣʱûᡣ
仰Ҳͬ
˵ûÿôֱ࣬Ӻ˵оУ۾ģҺʵġ
˵Ĺ
û뵽壬סŸӵꡣ

409

Ρû˼
˵еɥ
еһ֡
㰵ĶΣ
ֽŵĶ塣
ҧҧͷϡ
ǡ
ʲôʯ䣬ξ꣬˺ü͵ξꡭ
ˡ
˽ŵĶɤˣµ
ʲôʲô
Ǿɣ
˺Ȼ̧ͷ塣
ǳأǲأ˾ᡣ
Ҳ֪ƹˤ
ǡ
ˣԽԽξ䡣
һֱξ굱ܵܿҲġ
ϲξ꣬һﻶϲ
岻˵̧ͷûС
ΪҶξжã
Ϊ岻ͬ⣬߲˲ȵס
󵨵ȥ׷˺ܺãϣ㾡¡
Ļһ˴ġ
̣治𣿡
еš
ԣôõŮӺ;䡣
Ļ
Ҫ˵˽ģҲеġ
иùξɼңϾҲСˡ
˵μҾүǶûŮҲС
ȥ׷֧㡣
˴͡
ãҵúú룬ʲôʱ˵ʡ
ڻûòʱ
ãϣ㾡ܽһ㡣
򵥵Ļ˸ж
Ժýˣ
֪Ҫ֣ǲͱԼһ
뵽⣬ơ
⣬Īϲ
û£Ǹôô
˵һߡ
ֻûһƲأȱż캦ߡ
룬ǹסʲôҲû˵
˵˵ЦЦ͵ſڡ
ſ붯һܳŶ鳿Сѡ
㣬Һ㡣
鳿СԳ߲١
СڵһĻ֡
Ҳ볿߲١
ôһ˵鳿Сرġ
㣬̣λ㣬ǽȥڵء
鳿˵Ҫš
ȵȡжûء
˵ųȥ鳿Ҳȥ
ս㣬ǵˣɣ
ʿӴų
Ķˮ߲ˣȵȣӦоС
ҹϵܲʿҲͰæӳණ
ˮǸժģرʡ
˵꣬鳿һҾͿ
㣬ʲôӣóԣ
鳿߳Ա߿ˮһʱеæ
ŶӳԵ㣬Ҳ̲ס˼ӣ
ϴȥˮû죬˵ӣҰɣ
ʿϴȥң԰ӣû죬ûζ
ԣ½½ˮˡ
㣬ȥɲԣ
鳿Ͱ͵ﻹˮ
֮ȥңһʯͷ档ҲҪһ㣬ȥˮ
Ƕˮ
ԣְû
ôһ˵鳿۰Ͱ͵ϸס
ʿӵԴϣʵҲȥ
ȥ
ʿ˵ţɻ
ǽȥİɡ
ʿҿźܶණߡ
Ҫֵģʿܾ
Ϊûÿ˶ֵĵ
鳿йӣߴߡ
㣬ǰܵĶޣ㣬Ҵȥ
鳿С۶࣬ȴȥ
һŶͿվԺе
ɫе⣬ܺã񲻶ɫɨһĶӣ֪ԼĲ²˾Ųʮ
ս㣬λϽ
˵ֲɿһ·Ž˿
ǲĲ
ҲߴĶӡ
ߴӵӣͷ
ˡ
汻˵ˡ
˵£輸׼˲㡣
Ȳ裬ʿݺõġ
û裬ͱӹȥ
ɣʡ˵㡣
ӹ裬鳿СҲһ
㣬ҵĹóԣ
鳿Сһһе񫡣
öҲ֪óԡ
ʿŹ̽Ҳһұ߱߿С
׸ӡ
ˮ㣬ǹ԰ģ
˵Ҳһҳ
óԣζ𡣡
˵Ҳ˲֣ڳ
ҲԣﲻҪԡ
ĶһһҲ
ֻڣ˼Ͼû档
ˣڷǵĺѣǽͺá
ʿ޽ˡ
̣壬С
ֽһڸˡ
һܣǱ˴֮Ҳ֪ôƺ
ҪǶԼˡ
񳤵˵Ҳϲ
лл̣Ҳ
ҽ𣿡
˵꣬ͱ鳿Сʡ

410

Ȼԡ
鳿СȵģһӾϲˡ
㣬
ڷǡ
Զ𣿡
̫ɻҲҪСʱ
Сʱʲôģ鳿Сһû
ɻ𣿡
Сۺ档
Уõ㡣
Ҳɻ
鳿Сһ
ɻȥģ
ʿʶӡ
ȥǣ档
鳿С˰죬һĽڡ
ʿ˺
ԣʱȥ棬棿
ôһ˵ɸ˻Сѡ
գпվȥ㡣
ҪҪɻ
ûʲôӦ𣿡
ĵ
⼸õ㣬鳿ڡ
˵ţһҸ
úϢ¹˾ͺá
ˡ
˵ӡ
Ҫ
˵һ뱻ʿϡ
֡
ʿſȥ
ǲˣ
ſڵʿ
ˡ
ʿ˽
֪үӣϽʺá
үүã񡣡
վһƯɾʶصŮԼʺáүرˣиҪɫ
񣬿үүҲҪ˵
첮á
˼ʺá
úã˵
үүã
Ҳ˼ʺá
ãҪ
ү£Ҳһҿš
ԼֵĹӣүү
үĻҧһң˱߳Աĵͷ
治
үүԾͶԵ㣬࣬ȥժ
󷽳үӺϲ
Ȼһμ񣬵үûѺүӿ
ڼɫŮүӺ⡣
ãллүү㣬˵öãпҲÿүүҲʶʶ
үһֱʶүӣǿûᡣ
үү֣пʱȥ֪Ҽҡ
Ҳ֪´Ҵүүһȥ
˵鳿СѾԾԾԡ
ã´γүүȥ
үӴȰĿӡ
Ǹүүġ
ͳһƿƺһСвҶڲ輸ϡ
үүҺȹһβ;ƣζһֱ
ϧҲûȵ
ү˵ⶼ͸ģࡣ
үӼóĻϲ
ȵĲ;ƣ
үҲֱ§ڻ
ǣβȵĲ;Ҳġ
ʿôһ˵үӳ׷ġ
Ҳвȣоƺȣʱȥ԰԰ڣүﰵ롣
үүлл㣬ҾͲˣˡ
϶§ڻˣʲô
үҲˣ˵
ʱȥүүȲȾƣкö
СԼүүϵףѴҶÿЦ
үүҲô˵˵үүкû
үȻûȥң͵š
ðҽȥ϶һ״
Цв
үүкöܣ˵ŲǴСء
⻰˵һΡ
ԣ˵Ķԡ
˵ıͷ
˳Ŷ鳿С𾢡
ó׼緹
óһٷʢ緹Ÿǡ
鳿СѺĸˣվſĺ˸
㣬ȥ档
鳿СѶ˵
õģʯͷ綼㡣
Ԫͷ֥顣
Ƕһ
ô˵Сѿɸˡ
̣ˣʱȥ棬ˮ˾ȥժ

лл㣡ģôóԣ͵ȥȥժ
ϲˮýˮ϶ҲԵĿ졣
ȥժﶼˡ
󷽣ʿүҲϲ
үҲСˣԳԺȺȵĸ˺Щ
˼ҪŶڳŷġ
˿뿪Žš
Ǹúӣ
үӱ߱źӿޡ
Щ¶һúӻԶԶ
ʱȥﲮǣ˺ֺ˵ദҲۡ
ʿｨԼ׵үӽѡ
⼸ȥɣһҲȥ
үҲȥʶʶүӡ
ǾͺȥˮҲˡ
ʿ˵ţҲûһ
ôһ𣿡
үӻеģ¶˷
֣ˣﲮǶǴˣۼҳ˲ټܿȥ˾֪ﲮرá
һʱûŶͦүӡ
˼Ҷذѵõĺˡ
룬Ҽõˣȥ˾֪
ʿҲүӽ˵
֪˶ãֻûˣ롣
үӱӺͶϱ˵е˼
үүˣرϲңÿȥһѺóԵģԷҼвˡ
ɳСϸүӵĸֺãүĪζ
ǣүүãүүá
˵ųԴ׵үӱֽ˷䡣
ʿ޺Ц
ССԽԽС

411

ң񿪳һ·ֱ̳
Ҫʲô
˴̳ͣߣ߱
ûʲôرģɣǺþûˡ
ǵ֣˶ĿһЩҲҪġ
Ȼռкܶණȱ
ԣ˺úù䡣
һ˷ܣûйأ
У˳زʱߡ
˵СĻͦܵ⻰˵˵Ŀ
ҲôģҲ֪ʲôزҪҲı
ĸ첲˵š

˵û涮
˵˽̳һ¥ĻױƷ
ﻹǵĻױƷ
̳۵ĵط԰ϵеĻƷͻױƷŷš⿴ž͸߶ˣϵΡ
ȥһȦ
˿ÿãÿҪĦȭƣԾԾԵҪ
߰ɣҪʲôͷ㡣
˷ܵǣǰߣͻȻǣԼ˻ξ͸ˡ
뵽첱Ӵ֣Ͻͷ˷֡
ﺦߣױƷͳˣ
˲˵ͷһĳ첱Ӵ֣һߡ
ȻΪǲ˼أ
ȴȻ
ˣ
ûϹ˵еȡ
첱Ӵֵܲ
һ¥䵽¥һѶ⣬ĳһһ˫촩Ь
·Դװûٸ·
ΪĲ÷ĸá
ֵ񫣬Ŷͻؼҡ
Ҫ̫ȣϡ
һ·ɱؼңһ벻ˣԺүǺȲ
壬ʲôʱ򵽾ģôǰ˵һ£Һȥ
񻶿ĹȥվţǱԹͲ
þòҲĻš
ǰյⲻϲֶŮɴˣ
ǰ쵽Ĳңˡ
˫ֲˡ
վͷЦرġ
ͷһҪأ˵һϲòã
˵ŲϲЦĿֲãԺĻһȶȻʧɫ
ǣˣԺʱ
⻰˵ľ˼ˡ
˼һͻȻʲô
Ҫھ𣿡
ȻѯʣɻǸˡ
ԣұˡ
ЦĿģҲɵЦ
ֶô࿴ɵֺǡ
һԵ˿ɵ֣Ҳ֡
һʱԺﱻЦû
˾ãǼң
ݸЦĿģļҡ
ԺסҲȥ
Ե˵۵
ָиСʱһװ۸Ƶġ
Сʱһɰ
˵ǿ޵Ļôӵ۾
Ҷôˣҿɰ𣿡
ӣ͸ˡ
ʣٴֶŮǸСӣһֱСʱһɰ
ðɣ
Ը⡣
ү⻰ͬУŮǿɰǺã
Ķã
˵סû˵ɲɰ¶
Ȼˣеԥ
СӣҹԱסһ˳ԺҲ㣬˵ۼҳԺȲһ˫ꡣ
үҲȰ𩣬ϣסԺҲ㣬һҲ塣
ǲжˣ
ôһʣ˸
ûе£СӼҼҵıϹ˵
Цŵһ
ʲôúߵģ
벻ס
˵һϹסڼãĵģ
˵һġ
ˡ
ˡ
Ϲ
⻰ķιӡ
ֶŮ˺ˡ
ֶŮ˵ûһ˸ô飿ס
үЦʵ
ƾɴ֮
ֵܣסɣϹûʸ顣
ƾ⻰ر𲻰
ҹҹ١
˵İеƹˤζ
Զԣ٣
ƾɴЦ˼˼̻ζ
ǰƾ˾ø䣬ǸĴڡ
ڵʵˡ
ססʹһ仰
̬
Ϲ⻰ʵġ
Ҳʵˣ˵ʲôĵĻ
סҾˡ
סᣬԸסҡ
Ǿô˵ˣϾȥȡ
¿쵶ն飬
Ҫסָˡ
˺ͺ˵ȻҲҪʶ
ҵĺ˺ͺݣԷǡ
˵֣صĸ˽𩡣
ҵ
ִЦ㡣
Цſ
ҾǸˣôϸĽܣе˼
û¶Ƥ񡣡
ʱԺִЦֹ
ƤĳֶŮԽԽѶԸˡ
ĵ޻֮

412

ʶʲôг谮
ô೤ţţǶôһҸ飡
ҸĽ
ҪֵһС
磬ξͽүӹ
үүˡ
үӽȽ
үүϽ
үӼҸ˵棬ЦһȰ
˼үӽĪš
˼һȰ׷棬Ӳʣɫرãмɷǡ
һ¾ͷɣû˽Ų
˼Ҷ˲赹ˮɰүӸ˻ˡ
һһ˵˵ЦЦ͵ſ
Сõû
үӸԣͺҲ졣
ллүүģѾöˡ
ݵɫҲܺãүĵͷ
ɫܲ
ЩҲǰ׳Եġ
СӣԺѾ˵ǶԼˡ
ĹϵүӶҲܹġ
֪Ĺסġ
ллβҲ
ĵĸˣŴڳҲ𾢡
ξ˼ƬкõĽţƬš
ζô
Ÿգû˵
ξ˵˼Ƭſڵĺŵòҭ
񣬹񣬴үүˡ
үӽһرãʮĴ֪
˻ڴ⣬͵ˣ
үһˡ
үүأ
ߴӦ߳ſȥ
ĿŴүӸսţͱ˼˦Ϊ
޶ģϽַס
һ߶ȥ¶
үԵĻӿӣȥǣ֡
񣬴үүþûˣ㡭
Ĵ޶վſڣһʯ
Ȼÿ춼׵Ҳû¡
ᵹǰˣǰ˰ɣ
޶ѹˡ
˵ĩ꿪ҵżôͺܾû
޲
Ŵүӣͷк޶ӡ
磬վţ
ξţλο޶Ц
ߣЦ󣡡
޶˳Թξꡣ
ү
ξ˿Ρ
˵ĺûһ
үĳˣ޶泩
ǰҼүϡҡ
ξҸоã˵ĸһ
ҪҲϡϡ㣿
ξЦĿģ޶
Ұϡ͹ˡ
ĬĬ˺ĴĿۡ
ôˡ
ʲôʱܳ
Ŀ͸ˡ
ϻǴһĵȻ죬òþȻٲˡ
ȥþơ
ү˵žݡ
壬õ㣬ҽҪȼ
ξ곶ɤӳﺰ
ƹܹ㳨Ӻȡ
ǳ
үӵĻξܿģƨ
˵
үӰһ۶ӡ
Ǿ겻ǻ˵Ǯ
үǿξ곤ģҲܹ
ξ겻ҽã⼸һ˲Ǯ
б¡
үӿ֪ǮǺйϵ
ඣ
˵˵ЦЦ䣬Ŵеӳ
ȥ˲ˡ
ξԸµĲ˵ȳԼƬţ⡣
ڿˣ߽ţζҶܲˡ
ξ˵žͶӳȥ
æꡣ
һᣬ
мСˣ̽ţ⣬ըףʳǰ۵ĴӺͰࡣ
򵥣ǿɿڣҶһڣôҲԲ
ⷹãҾͲСŵա
үӣҧһڣһ㡣
˼ҶŴû˵岻һ٣
ǰԾͺá
ŴЦһ㡣
ⷹǺãζ
үҲ߳Ա߿ޡ
ϵȷǲϵζأүӺϲԾˣֱٳԲᡣҿζҲűأϴλطԲϰߡ
˵һһϰҪʮ죬ĵһϰҪһ롣
үֵ쾡¡
һټ򵥵ķˣԵĴһ㡣
磬λȥĹ԰ժˮ
һôүӺүӴߡ
үӶǴˣԼһҲС
ɫˮ߲˶ժ˲٣ξԼȥ䣬һӼ
壬⼦Ҵˣ
߰ɣԼ
үӴһӣر
ȳţٹá
ξ˵ֱ׳
߶Լȥ񡣡
ү˸޶ȥ񼦵
ǡҲȥЩ
޶ģóԵļˡ
ԴԹҵļԺ󣬴үӶļûκȤ
Ϊ˶ӣʲôĻˡ
ȥȥ񣬼ＦǣԲꡣ
ҵļֲȥǮ˸Լ깩Ӧ⣬ĸͳԲꡣ
ºüһԣȻԲµٶȡ

413

գٴγŶȥǮүҡ
Ǯү˵ҵҡ
ĺԺľš
ſţ
һ󷹲˵ζƮ˽Ժӡ
Ǯү𣿡
ſڵСǳǮүԺŹͳ
Ůˣȥ緹
Ǯүָݣ˽ȥ
ÿԺľͺá
Ҳ֪Ǯүûбˣȥ
ȥûˡˮŮԼ緹Ͼͺá
˵ǹĲˣûдˡ
æԼ
ôһ˵ǮүŹֽæ
˰ѶݿĲ輸ϣԺ졣
㻹Ժӣ
˺һ׿ˮ
кʵľ򣬲Ҫʵġ
һ˵ͻȻҲ뷨
ҲкʵҲһס
ôҲϲĺԺ
ϲסź
ȷʵϲҵԺӣ֪Ժ뷨
ˮ¥̨ȵ¡
Ҳͬ뷨
һǮүûкʵġ
ԺӲģҲÿԵֺ
ͰҲ򣿡
ž
ų֪￴ĺԺ˾͸˵绰ƤҲǿ
ҪһԺǸ缸ھӡ
ò˵Ҫ󹻶ࡣ
Ůô
Ǯүվڳſë֡
Ժ
˵ĵʵҪ̫̫䣬Ǽһ㶼ԺҲϰˡ
첻ȣǾԺԷ
Ǯүһϲ;Ժ緹
֪ǰʲô˵׷ͷҲУǻûҪĻǡ
˼飬ڳæ˵ˣ򵥳ԵУ׷ͷѾܺˡ
ү鷳ˣǾͳ׷ͷ
ԣҺ׷ͷ
ô˵ƬүҲûǿ
СﱾͳԵĲ࣬˳Բ̣ʳ
ǮүôһҲûټ
Ͼͷǲԣ
УǾͲˣ´ٳ
˵Ǯү˸Ͻȥæ
ԺСʯϰһ׷һͷ
ཷ⳴硢峴ײˣǶײ
˼򵥣źܲ
ŮԣҪǷ˼ЩǲҪ
Ǯү˳Բߣе㵣ġ
ͼ˿׷Ȼһӳײ˽ζĳ
үյĲ˺óԡ
˶ȳԵġ
⻰ǿοˣҲûʡ
ǮүĲ˺ܼҳȻûŴȣҲһζ
óǾͶԵ㣬˳壬
һ䣬ǮүܺãҲζĳ
֪ϷҲڳԵ𾢣һ׷һͷŲ˳Ե㡣
Ǯүֱֺǣ
ãԵͷ׷С
Ǯү߳Աֺǡ
˾ϲ˶Էഩ£¶Ŷżĺӡ
ǮүҲ
극˰æʰ˲Ժ¶
ʵҶˡһƬкüҪԺӣ첻ҶȥԺӴСͬ۸Ҳͬǽ춼ڼңȥ
˵ǮүͽԿס
Ůʲô
Ǯүָſ輸ϵһѶ
ûʲôү˵Ķ
һӼһˮͶ⡣
һ輸
⺢ӣʲôУһߵʱȥ
ǮүǸʵˣ⣬ˮˣա
дٴȥģⲻǴ𣿡
װˣǮүһʱҲ֪˵ʲôá
ǡǡ
Ǯүᡣ
Ǿų԰ɣ˭Բǳԡ
⻰ѾǮүЦˡ
ùŮ͵Ķҳԣ¡
˵СĵذѶൽ
Ŵ˴ͬ
ԺӺܴҼԺӴСҲ룬Ҫеߡ
ǮүܵһңҲ׵ľ룬ԺӴ룬⡣
ҪһˣȷʵеС󣬵ģǾúֵ
ǲɫȥڶҡ
ż֣ҵԺԴһЩͷʤڽʵҪҲʵڡ
ǰ߲ԶͬһԺӣԺӲǺܴ󣬷ӹӳ¾ɣȷʵι̡
Ҫһ򣬶Ҽ۸
Ȼû˵͹¼ҡ
ԺӺãǸСֵڴ̣Ѳųģ۸Ҳе㳶ƤҪϲֵܶ˽һҲʱļλ˸֤
Ժϲ⡣
Ǯү˰һƬתܹ꣬Ժӣһ̫С⣬崦񶼺⡣

414

ղײա
԰ѼҷǮү۸
СԺҲҪˡ
쵶ն飬СʱԺӵļ۸񶼱̸ס
ֵܳƤĶԺ⣬Ķʡ¡
Ϲأ𽻣дӽ
һ룬ʣµĽξ괦Ͼûʱ䡣
ǰ꣬ġ
˸һ·κֱͬϳŷӦ
ôԺӸ
ҲûҪģɿʵвֵĵ
һһףǶף
ָͷ㡣
ѵҪ
ôҲ벻ͨ򷿸ײƵġ
ĸߣѡ
󷽣Ǹ۸һֲһֲٵøǼˡ
˵һҿǸԺӣԺӣҲ룬ҾںͬڣҲ㡣
УҰǴ㡣
ԺӾһƬúܽ
ʣĴԺӣһС㣬ܺã˺⡣
ʱúųС
꣬ʣµ񶼽֡
ǻʣأ
꣬ʣµҵġ
⸽ܶס¥ȥˣԺӳֵҲ١
Ǯү⣬ҪĻҪ
˱Ļ
ǮүˣھҲ˼
Ͼûôס

ʱ䣬ת۶
ӵˡ
ģҲǰһ죬ҲҪطǡ
񣬵ӹ
ãҸ绰
һҪˣһʱҪҴ绰
ģġ
ڹ⣬ԼҲҪע壡
˶ֻʱԵ㡣
š
񲻶ļ֮һȻϧ
Уҵûʲôö
ǳ鴤ͦãҲܰ˱͵ȥ
ҿɣкöʹûеĻˣٲ㡣
⻰˵Ŀȥˡ
ҪǾͲҪˣҰɣ
˵ţ۰Ͱ͵Ŀ
֪вٺöȴӹĶҪá
۹⡣
Уǻ˵
ðҪ󲻸ߣ·С
⻹Ҫ󲻸ߣ
˵ȷʵС˼
û⣬ЩҲҪúÿһ¡
˵Щ飬Ȼ
֪һȥú룬Ҿͺ˵
˵ž͵ͷԼָ˵
ֻԼУЩ˵˵Ҫá
µʱٳʲôĽͲˣʡ¡
Ҷ
ﲻ
ҲҪԼԼʵ뷨ͺá
֪ˣܳɲɣҪ˵ڡ˵²ɣҲԹ޻ڡ
˵ûʵûס
Ҳ±ܾʹ
Ǻýأ
ôһ˵Ȼ̧ͷﶼǹ⡣
԰ǺϢأ
˲
ҡҳòҾԼҲͦãĻûô⡣
˿ʼô룬ԽԽԽԽ˷ܡ
̲סǳ鴤
еͦá
ŵŮ˲Żҫۡ
ǾͼͰɣŮ
ģһ塣
Ѫȡ
Ҫξ⣬ܸ˵
һֱֵǿ̡
񣬵ҪСģû²Ҫȥ
վڵǻچ¸û꣬š
С㣬ٲȥ͸ϲϷɻˡ
㲥ں֣˲ż
һҪҴ绰
˱ܱ߻ͷ񺰡
ֱӰŷء
һ·ֱȥүҩ
˼õĳҩűá
Ȼб£ҽҲҲүӵһƬذ֮ġ
ز磬иʲô㡣
ү˼ҩƿӺһ
үӸǮƾֻܲˡ
ڳǸж
μҸżȻʶϸҲСʮˣû˵ȻҲĽ
á
Һã
ʹ֪ﻹǺܸж
⼸꣬ξ굱忴ֶõ޻˵ʲôⶼҪ
үҲһԵĺȵģֻҪүеģүӶзݶ
һ˵ĺò᳤á
ˡ
棬ܳá
ҴֶŮʲôôȥ
ξڳ﷢Ϊ¡
Ҹճ
˵ѺС
ξ꿴ĺ֪ô¡
һֱ֪˼ɱһжķ̾
ɵѾͷһξﰵ롣
ߣȥԺóԵġ
СƵһ硣
˵ξţֱʻ

415

ųԹ緹
˵ûɡ
ȥ̳Ư·
ξͷ
õֿһۡ
ҶôˣҵС𣿡
ٴҲֶŮ˵ˣҾ㻹ǺǰһССһֻرɰ
һֻ
ֻ
ʲôѽֻݡ
ôһһһͷҲа
һ񣬹
ξЦԴϡ
ֶŮǴ
͵ĵ˱ԡ
ЦĻ֦չξ꣬
һ
һֻƯ壬Цرˣȶˣ
ѳζǣ˵Ĵʶϡ
ÿ˵һ䣬ξɫһֱ֣ҲЦ
ͣͣͣ˵ȥҾͱԼˡСѾͷǲԽԽɰˣ
ξͶſ顣
ֶ滢൱񼼸һ
һ˵죬Ҳһ
治ȥ䣿
ξɢɢġ
ȥˣϾͳϻҪʰء
ǻʲôûһȥ򡣡
ˣռﶼУʲôȱ
ˡ
뻨Ǯôôأ
ξ̫ˣ
ǺǺǡ
񱻶ôЦֹ
Цȥ̳䡣
ʲô
ƯֶŮô
ûƯֶŮ治ȱмµ鷳
ᡪ
ͳԺӷѽ½
¶鷳崦ˡ
ӣξͷۡ
һôԺӸ
Ҫģ꣬ʣҵġ
εʼ硣
ߣҪ飡
ξﲻˡ
룬Сǧ֮⣬顣
У¶Ұ죬ˣæ¡
ξа˽е¡
Ǿллˣ
иʲôö
ξ˵ĲΪȻһ
ðɣ
ǰĺꡣ
ر䡣
ţԼ
ξһһ׼õġ
ȻȱǮξ껹ǹģԶܿ
ҲҪүүˣ
۰Ѻξꡣ
ѾͷʼݣүүĺһǸܸš
ξѺ
塪
һ
ξûƢ
ԣš֪㲻ȱǮǮܲǻ¡ģǮҲġ
ξǮͼġ
ðɣգʱ񡣡
һ˫أξ׼
˵ĺҲͲҴƵģ
ĻѽֶŮ𣿡
˵žˣĴһ
һۣξš
ʲô¶ң
ξһȻ
ûУ¶
˵ţǲҿξꡣ
Ҫˣܲ
ʵΪǵС˼ҿ
ξ˵ĸĪ⡣
ʲôС˼ûС
ûУϡ
˵𣿡
ξ⻰˵ĸδ
Ҫˣ
˵˵Ҳʲô
ϡ
ˡ
ξ껰䣬;Ҫꡣ
ûʱ̣ܳϡ
һξթأ
ôˣطˣ֪
װ
˵ôˣ
˵ξݺݵĵһۡ
ҡ治֪
鼫ˣǲй
Ҫˣ֪
ξ񣬺ÿü۴һ˿ΣյЦ
ҡʲô
Ҫˣ
޲ȥǲҡ
˵ɣ˵ʲôҶš
ξ꾲Ŀô˵
̹״ӿܴϡ
ٵ
ʲôô֪ģ
˵ξꡣ
۾Ϲ
ξûİһۡ
˫棬ˣÿˡ
ϽƨʱģȺʱ
ξôţģ΢ЦĿš
Ĳʺƨе˵ȥ
ҡٺ١Ҳ˵ˡ
Σʵڲ֪˵ʲô
˵㲻˵ͦ𣿽˵һûأ
ξЦԽᣬԽǵսľ
ǸֶŮҲΪãһ͡
ʲô˵ʲô
һ⼸ش̼ξ꣬ĻﶼΣյĹâ
ûʲôǾһ˹µįȻ󡭡
Ȼ𣿡
ôô˵أҲû˸Ҫ
㻹ң
ûҾǴȷ𣿡
Ͻ˵ûѹξ귢
Ȼûмξ귢ӣһҲʶ
Ҳú˵һô£
ξԺ˵ţûŷġ

416

ʵҲûʲôǶ֪𣿡
˵ϲһʹթأ
ôģ
ξʵƽ¸ûκιϵƵġ
ʲôô룿
ɲˣϾŮӸҪӡ
װǰɣ
ξ۾ʡ
˵˵֪ʲô
ξ굽岻Ҳҿ϶
һ
ξҲ㵽ΪֹҲ˵
ԣ˵˵˵Ŀ
ξȿڡ
Ϊӡ
û
ҭ
ôһˣûһ뷨
ʲô뷨
ҡ
Ȣؼҵ£ʲô뷨
񳹵Ρ
ɣ˾ͺá
˵ˣ̫Զԡ
㲻Һ𣿡
ξҲҴţֱ˵ˡ
¶ô
ȴϻʸ
СӼҼҵıϹġ
ξ겻ֱԣؾƹ⡣
УҲˡҪǶףҪӡ
ף
ξ궢۶գ
ô֪Ҫұף
װش
˵ģ
ܻشװ
˵ʲôˣ
⣬һҲûش
ξеѻ
Ҫˣ֪˵˵
ŷӦξ겻Ծ
ѵ
ǣ˵ġһͺף˵Ҳ̤ˣҪǲġ
ģ
ξüͷ
֪ˣ
֪ʲôˣ
һͷˮ
֪ٶʣ˵ĸ飬ɲõȥ͡
ɲɾԼ
ģҲǡ
аɣȻ֪Ҿֱ˵Ƕ˼´˵ɲɾͿˣ
񿴿ξ꣬档
Ҫʲô͸ӣ˵㣬Ͼ˼Ůӡ
ξɫɣڴϲ˲䡣
񿴲ʲô뷨ξԲᡣ
óۣһ
ûô
ڴ˵Ľ
š
Ǹʲô˼
֪ͺãȻȥˣȥʰ
˵꣬ξڳһû³Ĵ㡣
¶
¶ξӰ죬֪ʡ
ϲңѵ¶
ôԵ⣿
ֻǿϲǡ
£Ǵ¶Ͻ³϶㱻͵͵ְɣ
λεĿЦξŭߡ
켸ߣ㡣
ˣҺʦͬѧһߡ
Ҳʣܾξꡣ
УҾͲˣȥԺóԵġ
õΡ
Ͻؼȥʰ
˵ξ³
뻹ûʲôûҪ˴ȥ
Ķˣʲôȱˡ
˵һ·ҿȥ

񵽼ҵʱһӾһװ
㲻ùܣյҸϽЪ
սԺӣүӵﴫ
ˣ
ôû绰
ţͳ
û£Ҳۣ
ߡ
߽иӦƵĻͷӶЦ
ЦĿģЦᣬ硣
Һôæʰû֡
ˡ
򵥵֣˵
ף񳾷Ƽ𣻸ɿ͵ĵͳ
Ķ
šôûҴ绰ȥá
û߾úܲ˼
еΡ
ÿǣ߱ػԽ͡
ү򳵣ȷʵе㲻á
ģΪпΣû绰
˵ĸһ
ʵһϲھϲǾͲˡ
û£Ժʱ䳤أ´ٽһ
үӼе㲻˼Ͻοᡣ
ԣԺ绰
߸Ͻ͡
⺢ôණ
үӱ߹ö߱ԹߣһЦݡ
ãҹԱߣҲС
һóԵıүװ㶼ԡ
Թ鱧ԹװүӺ
ԣţ´ΰٶЩ
ү˵ɡ
񿴵ͷۣôһӶô
ðɣɰµʱ䣬ôණҲԲꡣ
ֻĿүӼװ˸˾ͺá
ſռС
Ա㿴ûʲôҪģҪٴЩˮ
ŵϵĸӣͷۡ
ЩʰأٴЩˮô죿
οռˮǡ
үүˮˣҲˮԾС
ҲãԱǮʲôʲô
үһô¶˵ˮ滵ˣŮҲá
ԣһҪǮ
ү˵žһ
үү⣬š

417

ллүүҲա
Ѻ˫ֵݸүӡ
⺢ӸүүʲôţǮڼġ
˵鶼һ
Ҫô˵Ҹ·Կ
³ȥŶ̶̰µʱ䣬˼Ȼġ
үүǮ
ģүүһƬŰɣҪ˼ﲻ
߰ǻôһ˵˵ʲôأ
ţүү
үҲ
ллүүҾˣ
ţúүү
үӸ˵źӣܲ
̸ļ·װ
屧һ·֪ϰߣ·ϴɾԺù
ŻʰģԺȴöʰ׵֮ء
лл̣ã
ĹذᵽʱԶĸ
⺢ӻ̿ȥע壬ԱůʲôǲǮ
治Ǯ˵Ҳ
ģҴ˺ܶǮ
˵ԼԲĹĵĿ
үӶĿ˳
ԱöǮҸװġ
ү˵žͽҴȥˡ
ǳ鴤ͷԼװһϵĿ
룬үүôߵĺ
ԱŸװǮòã
үһĴһ̫
治̫Ҳװһްѡ
̲סͷ
үүֽ̫ġ
߲òռʶ
£˴Ǯ
үӲţֲ
ԣҪͺã¿϶á
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ٶʰЩҪǮþ鷳ˡ
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֪үӲģҲ˼װţŰġ
үүʰȥʰʰ·
ȥɣҲ֪ʲôĺĶЩްҲһëëҲţһأС
˼߶߶Ҳӆ£Ц˵
ãҶүүģĺĶүүܵ
ЦŹάүӣ˼鱶á
үүҲûȥſ϶һ·ŷ
֪ˣȥʰ
ʰ·Ҳһ
Ժڿݲ衣
Ҫĸ·ҳæʰ
ȥ죬
˵ͰƳҡ
Ȳ衪
ߵһݺõĲ裬ǰ
ﳤ࣬еǰ죬ºȲ
ллôͻȻˣ
Ųߡ
ߣ㡣
ҲҴţ˵̹̹
ֻﶼ顣
æ𣿡
ææҲûҪ
⻰˵ֱף̲סۡ
оúܻ˵
ǻ˵Щٲ˵Ͱĳ˱ˡ
һֱ㻰
ү⻰˵Ȼɣ˵һ
˵ҲһŶ
ˣʵķҽ춼ˣֻǺûã춼ˣҪʱȥԺӡ
Ȼû뵽ôʱͰˡ
ҵ
ãЦҲģݽû
ôˣЦôġ
£Լһȡ
˼ĺԺʱȥ
˵߲ע⵽ԺӲһ
˼Ժӣ
ߺ档
һƬҺܽһԺġ
߻ͦرյġ
Ժӣôôࣿ
ݻ֪ųҲҪ
ͰҲҪ
ߵ˵е㲻˸鷳ˡ
ҲҪһԺӣѡˡ
ͰߵģǲǻĸԺӣ
һҲ˾Ҳ뷨
ԣĸԺӺųʣҵġ
˵ҪĸУкʵ֡
Ҳһ
Ҳ͸缸ھӣİסĺԺ
пȥ
˵Ҳܴ󷽡
ദѣͬѧ
ãпҺͰȥԺӶ
۹⣬û˵
һ̫С⣬Ҷ⡣
ԺӣСһҲС
ķķҲʮ䣬ֻԺСԵеִ١
ҪٵĻסŻǺ⡣
Ǳ߻гֵ˼ңһּԺӡ
ôһ˵߾Ͳԡ
ǲʲô
Ȼѯʣһ϶
񲻻Ե޹ʻʱ¶
ô෿Ժ
ȷ
ȷǾϢ
Ҳ˼
ҪҪʱٷ㼸
ϾǮʵڲʲô
УҲӶࡣ
⻰Ҳ˵ߵľġ
һ͸
˳Ҳ

¶ˣûзŹĵ

418

Ǳߵĩᵽ
˵Ƿǹһ𿪷ϵˡ
ҲڣȰסºһٴȥϡ
мԺӿţ뻤ǺӱϵĹҲסϰ෽㣬סҲ㡣
ϵԺ֪𣿡

֪ʰˣֱӾסˡ
Щξʰ׵ˡ
Կ׸ңֱӴǹȥסǱ߾Уڡ
С¶Ҫүüסҡ
СǼûŮʲô¶
Сһ£һ¡
С
˵鷿óһԿס
Ǳ߶ԺӰţԿҶǺš
߽ӹһԿ׿˿Ȼ
Ǽһᰲٺã㲻õġ
ô˵Ȼġ
ƽõҩ׼𣿡
˰ҩ¶
үү׼ˡ
Ͱµʱ䣬ҪĶ̫ࡣ
ҪԼ˵·УǼүӺͳͬ⡣
ڰɣ
ϰĺѧ⣬˶ûš
Ŵڳ޵Ķ񰮳Եġ
Ҳʢ
״򲻶ĸģƵһƿҩ
ҩʮȻģҩҼӴˣЧҲܺá
˵ҩƿݡ
ҩݺܸж
æҩĶ
лл
֮䲻ÿҩһΣá
ݵͷҩСķźá
Ҳ¾ͻ㰴ʱҩҪ۾С
ݵĲȻתܶ࣬ԴĲҲǸʱըҲرģҩ衣
õģҸоܺá
ĸо˺ܶ࣬ҺܾҲûˣڵ״⡣
ֻҪۣͲ⡣
Ҳûʲô¿ú۵ģͰġ
ģھǸˣÿͳԷ˯
˵źе㲻˼Ц
ʱУµһʱ䡣
еæҪ̫ࡣ
οݡ
û룬ͦãϾҪ
ûĿĲˣͲҪο

ҹܾڷĴϣ޷˯
һȥ⣬Ҳ֪ͲС
Ȳ˵˾ܷܲŵ£ԣʦͬѧһȥҲʡ
߼ȲᣬȻ֪ȥͰʱ䣬ܡ
һڷǣһھȻҲ棬һȡ
γ߾˺硣
ҵ񡭡
ڰķ䴫һૣֲ࣬˳С
ϣȫŴҲ׼ͣ͵𴲡
緹ӣүûθڳԷգ۵ĶŮ
ԱٳһԵ
˼Ҿ¶Ů˵ҲûƽʱֺǾ
үӳüչ׵İο۾һǡ֪˼ңһû˯
Ц˵ʵҲү뿪õһΣҲԶһΡ
ɬѹȥЦοˡ
үүģһʮأʦͬѧ죬һҲӦ治õġ
ôһ˵үһ¾ͺ۾
ҵĹԱôСȥôԶĵطزģҪиʲô¶ô찡
˵үӾ̲סᡣ
˶ӢۣûգۣȴΪۣŮᡣ
үҲܵĳԲ·ŵᡣ
үүʦҲȥģŮ֤úóԷע壬û²ȥƽƽ
˵ģԺҲȥôԶĵط
ȥҲҪүүһȥ
ãҵĹԱТ˳үүģɡҲ̫Զˡ
ǰ̫Զˣ
СʯͷҲ۾һߡ
˶û˼Է
ֱĨᣬĨĨžͿ޳
񣬺ӡһҪ
޵ģϽᡣ
ͳȥѧϰ죬Ƶġ
̣ģҾͻˡһգ۾͹ģҪҶ᲻ߡ
ְο
ȥˣǲȥ˲ѧʲôϰô㣬ôɫѧʲôѽ
⻰˵Ц
ɲôԣ˾ûģ׵ġ
һԸ⣬Ҳû취
ˣ˵ȥͲȥˣҪҲܡ
ƾɸϽȰ壬Խ˵Խףܡ
ǣӺúõȥѧʲô
Թһŭ
Ϊӳɫѡϵģ˭ȥȥġ
ƾɺγѧϰжӡ
ȥѧϰһҲܺá
ﲻϲˡ
ǣúõҹԱȥѧʲôϰЩʲôѧģ
үﲻʹ죬ҲűԹ
˵˼Ҳͦɰ

419

Ҳܣֻǿš
Ż˵úãϣѧϡȥѧϰѧϰҲãﳤ̡ܶ
ֻοүӡ
үֻһʱѹʵˡ
ҹԱ˵ûȥҲá
˼תҲŸˡ
ҾȥôһΣ´ȥԶĵطʹүүһ𡣡
񲻹˵үҲô롣
ʳǰҪ
Ǹ۰ˣõүү
۰ûǸûûĺӡ
һֱûá
úãҵĹԱТ˳᲻үү
ү
ʯͷԣ껹Ҫȥѧ
񻹲Сʯͷ
㣬㵽һҪ绰
Сʯͷض
סˣ㶼˵üˡģ˰ٺҾ͸绰
ôĵĵܵܣҲҸ
ǧˡ
ʯͷǿ
㱣֤һ
õı֤ʯͷŷġ
ѷֵһڳꡣ
߶֣ĶŽ䡣ڳ󣬾Ҳġ
ĸӣ
û˼ںʵʱ䣬ʵĵطǸ
һ˴ĸ̫ҡҲ̫׸
ԱҪҪڷɻϳԣ
үӺ
үүôˣҰʳҷɻгԵġ
ӻˣ񿹾ܡ
ɻϹܵʲôƵĶԲһóԡ
үرԹһ˼Ҿ͹ˡ
үүģҰгԵģʮСʱ͵
οүӡ
ҹԱˣҪɶʮСʱ
үŮҪڿйҹۡ
ڰУ˯̤ʵ
Ҿү˵е
ڿйҹҲǡ
үһϸû꣬ţһһӦ
Ҫ˵Ļ˵꣬үӲźܲķŮߡ
߿ͺȥ
¾͸Ҵ绰
õġ
Ҫչ˺Լ
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ȥ㡣
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˵ʲô񶼺ãʵ£û˵ʲô
ʲôôĲɡ
Ȼĸӡ
ô
һ˿ͺܷ㣬ߺͺڣҲûֽš
Ҫһ³Ǿ͸ûˡ
Ѱ
ֱ㵽ѧУȥ԰

Ҳûס
Ҫȥ԰ɣϵʱ仹硣
ֻˣȥѧУ͸ûˡ
ã뻹ûʲôҪģ
һʣ˼
ʲôҪģ
ûС
ȥʲôأ
˼⡣
ʲô
˵߻ش
̫࣬Ҳ˼ʲô˼
ʲôУҪʲôҾʲô
ôү
شܲ⡣
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û
үϲԽ
ʲôֻҪҪ
ã͵԰ҳȥ򡣡
һ
˳źݳȥ䣬ҵǡ
ΪԼĴǻ۵ޡ
á
үû
ܾĲԾҲ벻ȻԼˡ
԰ſڣĸӰԺߺͺݿȥ
ϴŶսռ䣬һװ·ʡӲŷġ
̫ˣ
пǧ̫ˡ
ûһ˿Ժķһӡ
أ
˵žĴ
ͬѧˣһģһԼá
ڣ
ߺͺҲû롣
ϾѧУܽͬѧæҲ
㡣
͵ݹһСӸ
ҵ
Ǻܾϲ
㲻ϲ
ߴߴ򿪿
ţƤֽһǸ״ˮ
ӵ֡
Ӻܼ򵥴󷽡
ϲʵر
ϲлл㣡
ϲߡ
˲˵뱬ը
ллģȻ
Ȼ֪˵˼
ǸˣôΪǡ
˵ϡ
£һˣܹⲻȥ
үﻶϲ
޲ԭرļȦ
Ҳϲ񡣡
һˣûסԼ죬
ݿװû
Դ룬Ҳ⻰û
֮以ϲҲͦϲѡ
ߣҲͦϲǺѣùۡ
߾ᣬǸأǸأ
Ȼˡ
ϲֻҪϲС
үôÿ
һرᰲοԼˡ
ת泯һ߿ʼ
̫ˣ
Ҳ˼
ۡ
ѵǹѵ˼
뵽Ҳ̲סЦ
Ұ㵱ۣȴȢҡ
ôҲû뵽һϷ

420

ܺЦ𣿡
߱ЦЩŭ
С
˵źݲᣬ岻ãסЦ̫
ݿסԼЦ⣬һĪؿ
ǹ𣿡
ݺۣú˼
ŬŬǿۡ
úݻ۵ı׼˺ܲ
ãҺúñ֣ȡۡ
ǺݵһŬĿꡣ
úüͣˣҲУȥҲУ㡣
а԰ԿףһҲˣӴߡ

ӾͳŶ
ã⵽ѧУֲԶԼȥУȥɣ
ɣ
ʲôģ
һĿۺݡ
ߣʲô
֪ʡ
Լᡣ
ôã
˵꣬߼Ƥһ㡣
񲻺á
˵ſһۡ
أ
ݾϲ죬˼
Ҿͦá
ô÷Ͳ֪ˡ
ߣ
ݺЦȻ˼
УſڣӽУŶ
һվУſš
߰ɣʯƵġ
ʵܲү
ƽʱĮֱ̫࣬˲ɱߡ
ôɫˣʲôѧϰģ
үƣ˼Թ
ݵӲ
ûհɣ
˵ž߶ͷԣֱӿ
Ҷֶŵģϲ
˵ĺϡƵģүı
˵⻰𣿡
ݼֱţ߻
ʶС
ϲˡ
ûô
ݣ
㲻
ԣԺұ־롣
Ҳû㣡
㶼ˣô
˵ֱ׳һԭɡ
ݱЦûðɣ
ǣ˵ˣô
ݵΪԼױ⡣
⻰˵Ȳʲôһ㡣

ôһ˵ݸӺͿ
ʲô
ʲôûôԴҲǹˡ
ֵֵܹܣԺƵԶһ
಻˵š
ݱģ뵱ȥͲһ
ʲôˣ
ʲôԼԺұ־룬ϲҶ
ͷһ仰ĺ뷸
úãҴˣԺԶ㡣Уס
˵źݺ־룬һֱ԰˵ž롣
ԶԶĿţֱŤСˡ

ʹһӣ
ѧУֽڡ
ǣСܴĶˡ
Ȼ˻ѣ˵Ҳʵܴȷʵˡ
һȥλʦֽڸӣ˵λֵĹԱͬС
Ҳ˵ʦ͹ԱˣѧϰѧʮˣѧУռʮˡ
ˣ೤ʯ֪ͶҲ֮ڡ
ʣ˸ѧɸѡѧ
緹𣿡
ֽںܹ񣬾¶
Թġ
˲඼ȥˣϳ
˵ֽӣ㳡ϵȥ
ʦ
ʯ֪æӳֽӡ
ллԼɡ
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ʯ֪ɵӷա
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ãĶһ
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ƨɸȣָֽһ
ѡ˰ɣ
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ʦǴӳ㵱Сӳæ𣿡
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ðɣ
ӦĺǿܹǴӦˡ
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ֽڵ˱˻˵һ
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ۣ̯ʦô죿
ҪҵˣãС¶Ҳܽܡ
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ʦȥãҴȥСԭһˣҪʱԣܱ߷羰ĵطȥתת
á
ֽڲôĺ顣
˾˵óԵĵط


421

ʮѧλʦλֹԱλ⽻Աһжʮڻͷ
⽻Աγѧϰĺӡ
λʦԱԡ
ʮѧУֻŮа
˵룬ö֤͵ʱ䵽˵ǻ
ֽڣҾﲻ̤ʵ
˵ʮӣҲѧԺʦͼǨ
ͼʦô̤ʵ
ʵﲻ̤ʵĲͼʦйԱҲ;ò̤ʵ
ǵ飬ֻֽЩ˵Ӱҵ
µʱǸʹӣϾ
ϾϴЩѧϰѧˡ
ȻȥĺϴЩ˲ͬһңͼʦ롣
ȥѧϰĹ˹ҲȥĹҡ
ֽҲѧġ
ܵ˵ӡ󻹲
ö룬ǵʱҪǲҲǳصġ
ֽôһ˵ͼʦͷģϾйԱ
ʲô¶ҲǶš
ֽ˵ûҪʲô¶Ҳӡ
˵⽻Աʮң˵Ӳ
ͬ־˵ǡ
ôһ˵ͼʦе㲻˼
λģȥѺý¶
˵һλ⽻ԱԽ
ʮ꣬˵ºͣ˫۾һǸ
Ҳǣôε⽻ѧϰôһУ
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ã濼һ£⽻ܺãʺ˲š
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˽˷ɻУǰˡ
ЦЦӻзӦ
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˵ɣʯ֪ǽţɻԽԽ
Ҫţûʱƽȡ
İοûá
ǡҪأ
һֱһû˵Ķнŵʡ

Ц
үүĻ˵͸û
ǰô˵ΪǿЦأ
ģ
ʯ֪ǲš
ھ£
˵͵ǻ˸Ͻȥ
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ʯ֪ͶǺš
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Լİȫʾһ顣
лˣûɻ
ʯ֪˼
ҵһҲ֪һ
ôһ˵ʯ֪˲ܡ
ԭҶһ

422 İٶʮһ

ɻϴӾɣŵ˹
һ˴ӳڳӽϳ
һǶʮʻ
һ·ϽȻͬķ羰ͽô˾
仯󣡡
Աߵֽڸ̾
νѧϰҪֽڲμӵһԭ򣬾Ϊǰѧ
˼ǣνѧϰĴѧҲֽڵѧʱϹĴѧ
ۺϸԭֽڳεĴ
ǽĴѧ˹Ĺѧ
ʦۺ񣬽ѧϽ˲űĶ˲š
ʦ˹ҲʵΡ
ֽںͬĻŴͷ
ǰʱ죡
ֽųķ羰˵֡
ʱҲᣬǻѪɽʱա
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԰ɣСӲԵ㡣
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ţɳԣţɶζɺˡ
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423

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424

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428

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ԭʼķɵġ
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Ա㣬Ҳ
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429

ҵϻơ
§ֽڵļ˽ܡ
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˵ź˸
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Ů˵ĶԿ޺ãҲ⡣
ллҲƯ
ЦĿġ
㶼ûпƯ
ɣȴԴס
ɣҲر飬ǴҶϲ㡣
⻰ɣȴ迪ĵ
Ҳϲǣϲÿһˡ
⻰˵ĺܴ˱ļˣǻ϶ˡ
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ɣȣܴ󣡺ǺܳʵΪ׼͡
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ʮȥУ԰תһȦû˵á
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벻ףôôţ
ʲôӭҲð
ԶǾͲٰӭ᣿
زζоûӡ
˵иᣬôŰɣ
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ԣתһȦͽˡ
ֽںͷ
ǲѧϰ𣿺ôúѧϰѧϰ³ΪҲа
ż
ǻ˼һѡ
˼ҵǲѣҲż
ֽڣǺúģץʱలŵ¶ǻذɣд
巳ץͷ
Ҳ鷳

430

ʮ㣬׼ʱ׼㣬ǵѧʦ¥£ӭǡ
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У԰СһȦ緹ʱ䡣
ԣֽ˴ͷֱȥСʳù͡
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431

ֽڴ·һжʮ߳Уš
СĶ飬ѧפ
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ǰи㳡㳡иݣȥ䡣
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Զ𣿡
ѧֽûĴ㣬Ͳ²⡣
Զǰ棬·ʮӡЩӦñ仯ܴ󡣡
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ĪԼһӣǲŵֽ˵Ĺ㳡
ȷʵǸܴĹ㳡ɢ˲Ǻܶ࣬Ҳ١
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ͻȻ˺ȡ
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432

ʱһȥڵϵɫҲת
ʱΧΧ۵Ҳ͡
ðˡ
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̫ˣܰã

Χ۷׷ףǵϸŵϵӡ
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˵һš
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ȻҲųŴĿԣԲҲ˽˸š
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ôˣԸ
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ˣַˣ
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û£ҵľ˾ңڸоܺãһҪҵ
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һжʮˣ߸࣬ǶףŮҵľˣɫǸŮͼҵľˡ
ǷѶ϶ʱ䡣

433

ģҪбҪλĶŮͶü
仰ԷѶ϶ı֤Ҳš
ܲͲ֪ҵľ˴𲻴Ӧ
ȡ˷Ѷ϶ࡣ
ǻʿӢµʿ룬ûܿ
ʺƨĺм
ҷԽԽ˵ˣ˵Ķʵ
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ҲǸˡ
ˣǸûȥˡ
СѣΪЦ
߰ɡ
˵ŷѶ϶ͷ·߶ĺȥ
Ѷ϶ྶֱ˵ڶǰһ·һһ̣ܵûӰӡ

ǻȥպø
һ˼򵥵ĳ˸Ϣ
Ϊǻ׼ݶϵĻӭᡣ
ӭᣬȻΪӭǵٰᡣ
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ۣ
ݶһꡣ
ļӤƵģ䡣
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緹Ҳţֽڱȥͼݿ顣
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Ҫԭ򣬾ǿС̡
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⻰һ˵޷Цˡ
ôڿӻԼĸо
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ͼݹ㣬һиǺܶࡣ
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ֱֽ㡣
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434

߹ȥͼһһŮѧ§һڽǡ
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¶ǰĶ࣬ҲûʲôҪǾøƵġ
˻ܺ棬Ȼȥһ߶
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Ǳ߶λǹȥſ
ֽһ˵ŵеᣬһСʱˡ
˹ȥ޷Ҳڡ
ȻһС鿴Ľζ
޷һڿûͬ
ôˣ
С飬ֽŲλӡ
̫಻ңҲŸҵ
˵ֽ޷ԱߣѺıϡ
ô飬𣿡
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һʱͼ¥ĵģֻʱʱķ˴ڡ
ԭرã˵ĿҲΪ
һĿüУٵı߿߼ǣСҲû졣
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Се㿴ȥˣ
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⻰ȫں档
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ǣſܿ߰˰ˣ
ֱš
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̡
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ԣֻͷ裬ڶ뻹
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ԣܶ鶼ǲ⴫ǿѾǸˣԣΪҪǵĹء
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ֽҲ˵رࡣ
Ļ͵͵ȥҲУǲ֪
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У붼Ҫ롣
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壬ֽڽ͡
ôأ
˲С飬ֱ忴

435

пܱء
˵ţʯ֪ͶҲɫһ¡
񡭡һ飬ô¶
ʯ֪е飬С
ܣǳܡԲҪκ뷨ͬ飬Ѿܲˣѧ٣ܼǶ٣ͿԼıˣ붼Ҫ롣
˵ţʯ֪Ͷͷ
ģᣬǾԲ¶
аѻļϣæ֤
ϣμסǵѪǿԿãǿȡᣬΪݣ߻ѡˣ֪ʶȨΪҪ߻ף˾߻֮⣬Բǿʡ
ֽ˵ĺ࣬嶼ͷӦ
ȥһúúѧϰѧϰЩ治
˵ž;òǲǴ¶ˡ
Ϊ䣬μסУҲˡҪиʲô¶ǵʱɾͲճˡ
ֽȷʵһ
ѧһֵ
֪УһȥذµԸ߸ÿѧǧ򲻿нһ뿪ʱֳǾ鷳ˣʱͱȥˡ
ֽڹ˵ĺأôҲҪб˼
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ԣŽȥ濴
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;߰ںã˹ضŸӳ
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˹ر߷߶˵ܺá
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ģһƷ
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ûŵǷѶ϶ಮ
ˣҲ鵽ϢĿ
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ò˵Чʺܸߣֻʱ䡣
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ҵľһλ
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ŮɫһҺܿ϶ΪҲŮǶͨ޷ҵʹȡ
ʹ
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ﰵ롣

436

ҿԿ϶λС㡣
ɵָһ֡
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437

ϵĻӭѧУþС
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ЩûʲôҪȥɡ
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š
ȷʵţҲûʲôֵÿɽŵġ
һɫ˿װһ̿СԲ쿪ǳ㡣󷽣ɫ
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԰Ŀģʲôɽŵģ
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ֽںܵվ̨ͰУһ̵ļ仰˵̨꣬
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˵ע£վȵ̨
ŲæݣúܶΪŮڡ

438

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ֽڿ̨ϵ۶ǰɫ
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ΪҵСʹб뷨
һ˵һ䡣
⻰䣬ġ
Ĳ˵еСҲҵСʹ
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ֻҪû˼ͺá
˵СʹǰҲԸ⡣
ɲУֻҵСʹ
Ѷ϶˵ŰƬֽ
ȥһ£ȥѧУӲ칤
õģˡ
ܺҵСʹһ𹲽͡
Ҳû⣬ġ
˵š
Ѷ϶صͷ
ˣ׼𣿡
ͣȻҪġ
׼ˣҪĿ𣿡
ţѶ϶ͷ
ùҿ
ҾԵȡ
ȥһͱһн
Ŀܹı顣
򿪺÷Ѷ϶鿴
ҵСʹӦûϲ
տı飬Ѷ϶Ϻӣеᡣ
ı᲻е̫٣
Ѷ϶ƽʱǶ󷽵һˡ
ʱеͷԡ
뷨ܷԸ
뷨еģ롣
Ѷ϶ֿʼ˼
ŮǶϲʲô
Ѷ϶Ҳûעⷽ⣬治֪
ֶǻ·ƯΣȻӺͽǮҲϲ
룬ֱ۵˵
ҿ϶ЩҵСʹϲ
ǡ
ⲻϲǲҪҪ
࣬˵
Ǿ׼кóԵǹϲ
Ѷ϶˵ţԹԵЦ
ǹ
еò֣ҴôԸˣֻ
ȥ׼
׼㣬óԵĶ׼һЩ
˷ģһԿǰ졣
ϵ֪µء

439

ݶȥͼݿ飬Ҳһӭᣬǿóʵ
糿ȥڿΣҲһг̡
ʱ䣬Ȼͼݡ
һ˸յʳãƨɻûȺУˡ
ҴһˣƺƵˡ
һʮˣУһӴͷ
ϸһһǷѶ϶ࡣ
㿴ǰȵǸˡ
ʯ֪С˵ţЦݣҲġ
ҿˡ
ͷ˵š
лģݿ϶һ㡣
ֽҲС˵ΧλʦλԱҲͷ
˻񣬱Ͼһ
˵Ȼ
֮죬Ҳ֪
޷һ㶼֣Ҫǲлǲأ
СֹţһҲǰ
ǸҪòˡ
ҵǸ
һϲɫǺܸˡ
û£ǻû
ֽҲЦ˵Ѷ϶ͷ
֣Ҹһ£λǷѶ϶
ܷѶ϶࣬û˵ݡ
ãǼ
Ѷ϶ȿڣֽ˸֡
ã𣿡
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öˣⶼΪѧҪл㡣
Ѷ϶˵Ÿл۾ֽԱߵ
ллҵҵСʹ
⻰һҲгԾ
Χ˶
û뵽Ůô¡
Ѷ϶Ļǲỳɡ
֣ѧҽ
УֱʣҲڴ𰸡
ֽЦſΧһۡ
ǵģҵѧҽܺá
⻰ֿ϶ֽ
֣ôҪ飬㶼û˵
ﲻƽ⣬˵һ˿Թ
ҵѧϲ˵ҲûʹҰ
ֽ˵İ޻˵
ҵСʹллҡ
Ѷ϶վǰ֡
ǰÿĴ֣˸֡
ÿ
˵֡
ܽ𣿡
Ѷ϶˵ţһڴ
뷭ۣж˻ʲô
ԡ
֮һ㣬÷Ѷ϶泩
ҿԺǹ𣿡
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װ󷽡
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ллҵСʹ
ĳƺС
ΪѶ϶˸о
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Уɣȴ衣
УǶҪò𣿡
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Уôһ˵ɣȴŷġ
ӭСʳòͣ⣬ɳ
ɣȴ˵׼͡
⣿ܺãǻֺòˡ
УԺܲ
ǵģҼǵУԹ
СʳõƲˣɣȴǵ⡣
ǳԹζ治
ѲζǵĻ䣬ǰԹĿζ
ʱʳ緹
ɣȣԿ𣿡
Ȼԣλ
Ŵʳ͹ķˣɣȴܸˣǲ鷳ˡ

Ѷ϶ಮԱߣλ⡣
Ҹ׼һϣϲ
˫ֵݹС
ŰǰľУüͷ
ҪܾҲɺϡ
ԣɺϣΪɺҵҪл㡣
Ѷ϶гơ
򿪿ϲϲ
ǰľУΪ
ллĺ⣬Ҳա
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ȷѶ϶ǻһѪҲһҩ裬Ҳջ
ĹϾܾѶ϶⡣
Ҫ
һҪҵҵһƬ⡣
Ѷ϶˵С
ҲգΪҽߣβҵıְ
˵ðУö࿴ۡ
룬ܾܾѶ϶ಮ
ͬʱҲķѶ϶ಮ˻᲻ˡ
ȻˣѶ϶಻ûЦ档
ҵСʹ֪ҵһҪ¡
˵ŷѶ϶Уóıǰ
ģʲôֻͨıѡ
ǰ飬Ҳһ
Դһȣʲôع
ȻǸлǵӰ첻á
Щ񲻵òǡ
˵仰ۺ죬˵ˣЩ񶼵뵽
鲻˵Ѷ϶еż
һҪҵĸл㡣ֻǼ飬룬ѧϰа

440

飬ٿѶ϶ࡣ
ллҺϲ
Ļ÷Ѷ϶ϲ⡣
벻ÿҵ־ͺá
۷Ѷ϶࣬Щ⡣
Ѷ϶ԹԵ˵ţֵݹС
һЩǹϲϲԣ
װǹĴӣǰ
һʱ˶
÷Ƿ߷߲ƽá
ֲֳ£ֻš
ǰıûз֪϶һ㡣
⼸УҲΪѡ
˼Ѷ϶С
벻ҪģﶼһЩǹ룬Ӧûϲ
Ӵ򿪣涼ǰװǹɿ͸ֵġ
ĵͬʱҲ߿Ѷ϶һۡ
ϾûһЩѿƾ㣬ͺкøС
ллЩǹҶ¡
˵ŸѶϵһϵ΢Ц
лл㣬ҵСʹҵҺܿġ
Ѷ϶濪ġ
һ¡
Ѷ϶࿪ڣ֪¡
Ѷ϶뽲
ҡβҵҽ
Ѷ϶ԥ˵ֱ̹ӡ
ǰһжҪ
Ҫһ壬Ѷ϶رС
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֡
ƶ϶಻ΪҪ֣֡
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˶ע񣬾ֿʽ档
֣Ƕҽ𣿡
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ǵģаȰ
Ȼʲô˼Ҳ
ҾǶ⡣
ֽЦЦ뻹иأ
һᣬ֡
֡
Ѷ϶Թַϡ
죬Ű
һ񣬿ɫ
С㣬ҼҲҼĲô

ģΣ鷳
ԷѶ϶˵ĺϢ
ֻҪҼĲһж⣬Сˡ
֣ض

֪Լ̯鷳ˡ
Ѷ϶ĲΣĺ鷳
Ȳ˵ʱһܴ⡣
Ѷ϶࣬ϲ㣬ףտ
УȻӸˡ
лл
Ѷ϶൭ĵͷһֱ
лл㣬ҵСʹ˵ǸĺϢ
ĻǸˣмġ
ȲüŸлȻĲΣĺ鷳
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⻰һѶ϶üͷ
ĲΣҪܳʱ䡣һҪǻҩһжر鷳
Ļò÷Ѷ϶Ĭ
ЩǶԽС㲻õġ
˵ķǳġ
ô˵ˣȻûʲô
ðɣʮʱ䣬ʮһβʮԺҵ롣
ʮԺȷʵҪú롣
ҽΣʮԺа취⡣
Ѷ϶ô˵˵˴㡣
ʵⲻûа취
Ҫôͣһʱ䡣
ҪôѶ϶ػ
һֵ취Ϳã
ռ鵤ҩеǣͿԸԸѪ
ã쿪ʼҾơ
˷Ѷ϶š
̫ˣʦҪɫ
УĿ
ллУ佱
ⲻǿ佱ʵʵ˵
Цĺܿġ
УڿԿ𣿡
ɣȴðãʡ
Ǹһ˰¶ˡ
ûϵǾͿ
˵ɣȴͽ˳
Ѷ϶࣬ʲôҪ𣿡
Ѷ϶಻֪ʵʲô˼
ҵ˼ǣͻбҪ𣿱Ͼʳõе̫򵥡
˲֪Ѷ϶ݣɰ
λҲǺź԰еġ
ллûбҪ󡣡
˶Ų˳ˣѶ϶ҲûлλĴ㣬Աߡ
п⡢ɳдʳļˣܷʢףò죡
²ˣɣȴĶԴ˵
ллɣȣ
УÿòͰɡ
˵꣬ɣȾͽ˺
ȷʵƽʱʢѶ϶ãҲԵø㡣
ʦȷʵ
Ҫϲȥ
Ѷ϶һ˵˽ķ
ãҹҲһ
˵ǡ
һһͣ˵𾢡

441

ԵĹʳ𣿡
Ѷ϶һţ̣
Էʿڣ˵ҲᣬӦǸƢˣ롣
Եùߡ
Ǿͺãʦջʲôܸ˵
Ѷ϶Լһһͷ
ллʳܺóԣǺϲ
˵Ǻܿ룬϶Щġ
β㣬ϣȥҼΪβ
Ѷ϶࿼࣬ҪԸѧУβ
ݲһ㣬ȻҪǵĸࡣ
ȻĹҲ뵽
ԣҪҵʦͬС
񲻿ܹһˣ͸ŷѶ϶ȥҡ
ȻȥβЩ˾Ͱҽòš
Ȼԣͬѧһȥԡ
Ѷ϶ȫûֻҪȥҰβС
˵Ҵǣȥʮ˶û⡣
Һʦһȥ
ʯ֪Ͻöȥһ˷ġ
Ҳȥ
нҲҪһ
УǾȥ
ֽڵͷӦֿλԱ
Ҳһ𡣡
ֽһȥ
֮ȥֽҲ뷨ġ
Ͼȥһ˼һԱţԺ¶Ҳ˵
ò˵ϵ
ֽڵ˼һȻû
ԣȥҲá
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ֽڵ뷨ȻҲס
˵һ壬һʲôϵ
ǳ극һȥ
ðֽڵġ
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УȥɣҲûʲô
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ղż˵Щ
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Ѷ϶Īеš
ͬ⣬ҵʦͬѧһͬȥһˡ
ȻԣͬѧʦȥҲû⡣
ֻҪȥβһжԷѶ϶˵⡣
ãȥˡ
˵ŵͷųԷ
Ѷ϶ã򵥵ĿҲԵýζ
ͽѶ϶νĿ칤Ҳ
ֱ뿪
·ϣѶ϶ֽ࣬ͬһ
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̲סඣ䡣
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ллһģ˵ѣҴʱͺܸˡ
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ŲһСʱӻʻһǱͣ¡
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ĲҲ⡣
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֪ǳǱ
忴һȦܷ羰ܺá
Ҳ֪û
ֽ˵ĲŲæû˺˵
УҲˡ
Թ羰
ҵļҡ
Ѷ϶ʿ³Ը񿪳Ŷ
лл
ÿҪιһҵļ𣿡
Ѷ϶ԾԾԣҪ򵼵˼
ãȸ㿴Ҫ
ɨһۣΧķ羰ȷʵܺãǱҲܺÿ
һжҪȸ˿֮ء
һְܳҽ
Ѷ϶Կޡ
Ҳҽ
ȷ˵治ҽȻҽܸ߳
˵⣬бҪѶ϶
Ѷ϶ұһ㣬ҲҽȻҽܺáûҽκ֤飬⣬ӦȨ֪
ϻ˵⣬Ҫ˵
˵һҪھͰԼ彻㣬ҽΡ
Ѷ϶ȫΣһ¶վڲ˽Ƕ˵
ҲмΡ
ģҵҽԵΡ
仰κα֤ͳŵá

442

ҵСʹ
Ѷ϶·˸Ž˳Ǳ
ĻҪûʡ
һмҾ߰裬ʾ˵ĵλͲ
룬Ѷ϶ݿ϶һ㡣
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ʯ֪ͶЩ
ǼȥõĵطѧУǴ󷹵ꡣ
ָûʵĵطǴδȥڳǱ
пȺ̲裬λҪʲô
ǳǫˡ
ͿȰɣ
ļ죬ȵĳ˿Ⱦţ̣ûбĿѡ
ţֽ̣ѡ˿ȡ
Ҳȡ
嵹ǲʯ֪Ͷŵˡ
ӦУ
Ҳȣлл
С㲻ÿԺ
˵ȥ׼
ȵĹ߿𣿡
á
ҼǵϲȲ衣
Ѷ϶˵Ŀ϶
û
ǾͺȲɣҲвҶ
˵ţſˡ
ˣǲʲô·Ը
һ۷Ѷ϶Ͳ³顣
˵һȸ
С㣬Ŀȡ
лл
ÿá
תŸѶ϶࿧ȡ
ˣǿȡ
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ǵĴˡ
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ԣȿҲҲͦãˣҪ˷ѡ
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ܺóԣĳʦպܲ
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˵Ҳüĳ߳ԱߵͷûԹƵġ
Ǻܲζá
Ѷ϶һ˺üĲͣ졣
ֻͲԣ棬Ϊϲ
㲻𣿡
㲻ǲӰҲᡣ
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Ѷ϶һϽ𿧷Ⱥһڡ
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Ľ÷Ѷ϶޷⡣
κŮܾܾġ
ȻܶҲ޷ֵ
ǴӲΪԼθ

443

Ѷ϶һۣ֣̫ңԶ
Ҿ㿼ǵ̫ˣٶ㣬Ҳᷢ֡
Ѷ϶룬Ĺ
࣬һ뵽⣬ҪǰԤ
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֪˵⻰÷Ѷ϶಻⡣
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벻ҪģҪΪơ
Ѷ϶࿴ﷺĳ룬쳣򶨡
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㿪ʼƣ׼ˡ
˵ŷѶ϶൭΢ЦȻ۾
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ϸֿٷתһڷѶ϶롣
˯ķѶ϶࣬е⡣
ôѵ

444

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ֽҲĵǿ
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˵Ѷ϶Ҳһ㣬Ҳġ
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ܰʱһһȥ
ų˯ķѶ϶࣬񿴿ֱ׼롣
С㣬ǲʱ䵽ˣ
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˵ʼ롣
һѶ϶ؿ룬ȫȡ¡
Ѷ϶˯ģֲóȻ
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㿪ˣ˼ҳԷĵطҼԺӶ󡣡
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Ҫǻȥ԰ɣԵҲС
Ҳûס

445

ʦȻӦˣͰĳԣߡ
⻰˵㰲οá
ֽڵǰţҲ˵

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˸˵ۻҵĸֲʽ֪ô졣
λòͣʲôҪ˵
Ѷ϶˵ŸԼһơ
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лл˵ǣڼ䲻ƣҵξƲմϣѶ϶ϣҪȻҵƻۿۡ
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óʦĿζţţζҲܲϲ
Ѷ϶൹ǲ˵Ҳ͡
ллô鷳Ҳʳ
еܳҲѶ϶Ҳԡ

446

벻Ҫҿң˵ʲôҪҵСʹҵľˣҲҵˣ벻Ҫܾҵ⡣
Ѷ϶˵ޱȡ
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һȦԵЩ˴룬öеյء
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⻨԰⻹ֻǱһСȦ
ţ⸽һƬѶ϶С
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𣿡
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ֽڿ֪ҩ򵥡
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ģ
˵֪ҽܺãҲ඼ֶκ˵ġ
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⻹Ը뱥
ֽڼֱ룬Ҫǳӳԣжܳԣ

447

ԣ³Զ˱Ц˼
ҪЦ类Цˣ֪˼
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幻ĵģ·Ѷ϶ǷҩǮ
˵⣬Ҳˡ
ҩô󣬵ʱշѶ϶࣬Ǯźʣ
ۡ
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ӹĲæУÿаУŵ顣
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ζ˺üˣܲµ
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ȻҾǿԲҪ򵼡
ƽȥˣʾΡ
ðɣ䣬ǲ˻һȥ


448

Ѷ϶ҪǷǳȥĻҲӭļ롣
Ѷ϶˹Ĳܾܾ
ĬĬ²ۡ
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˵ţҷַѶ϶˫ð⡣

ȥͦãҿԸ򵼡
Ȼˣ
Ҫ
ǾܾģɿŷѶ϶࣬˵ܾû
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У㲻֪ÿҶС
ô֪أ
뷭ۡ
̧ͷŴ⣬ǲ˵
ôԵĲˣ

449

㵱򵼣˵ʵܳ
Ц˵û뵽Ѷ϶Цˡ
ܸǵ򵼣ҵҡԣ벻Ҫܾ
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˵ſֽڡ
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е㾪ȡ
ͬʱɣѶ϶һܲˣ
ô˵ġ
޷Ҳе㻳ɣи˴·Ҳġ
˲һȥõĶӡ
⻰ʵڡ
ӵˣȿǵôӡ
ˣҽڳٸƣأ
鿼ǵúȫ
Ѷ϶ҪȥǾͲġ
˵ûǰ׼ͣǻҪò͡
Ѷ϶ҲûͷԸ
˷ģǻ˼׼ʢ͡
Լµ˺ܷġ
ȥ׼һ£ھͳ
ǣˣҪ¥𣿡
÷Ѷ϶βûɵġ
󵽹£С´ñֻҪǷѶ϶£Ĺʡ
á
˵ŷѶ϶豭ˮȻ
ǸԵƬ̡
ڷѶ϶֪˵¡
Ϊٱֵúǫ
ΪģֻΪľˡ
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ûϵ
˵žͽźȲ衣
ŷѶ϶¥
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޷Ѷ϶¥Сֽڡ
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Ǹ
޷һš
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Ҳ档
һֱҲ֪Ѷ϶Ǹ
ȷе˵ǹ١
޷嵭˵š
ôǮǸٵģ
ʵڲ⡣
ȷʵǸ٣Ǹλ൱ǰүүĶ֮ġ
޷ôһ˵ˡ
ˣҲ𺳡
ԭһֱүһԻȣ
ֽڣ𣿡
廹̤ʵֽ֤

ֽڶô˵ˣûκλɡ
ֲôǮⷿӶֵǮˣ˵ﻹôˡ
岻ϸ룬һͷᡣ
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⻰ֻ룬ɲ˵
˵һиܵʱǣ
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⡭
嵣ĵĲǱģǷѶ϶塣
ϾǸţһǸݲһĲš
ҪǳȥиĿҲǣ
û⣬岻õġ
ô˵˸衣
Ǿͺãһϴ
ͬ־õģҽ
ʯ֪Ц˵尲ġ
ҵǲģϾҽҲǡ
廰û˵꣬¥ϴ˽Ų
ţ㿴Ѷ϶
ӵһεѶ϶һֱװģʽʿ
ʱŸӳп㣬˼ֻҲ
õˣǳ
Ѷ϶˵ţȳȥ
ǳȥӶϰᶫ
Ϥľװĵӣøɾİײš
ȥ߹䣬ֲȥҰ͡
Ѷ϶ݣҲ⡣
û뵽Ļں档
£ȳӿƺƵ
ǰһͷѶ϶񣬻ֽ˳
ʵھ̫ҡ
Ͼֻǳ䣬̫ﲻڡ
ȥ棿
Ѷ϶࿴ʡ
ʱû˼ԣȥĶҲûκ
ʦȥĶ
Ȼ·߹ԣֽڵ
ֽҲֹȥĶ
ȻˣҪſ
Ȼ򵼣㰲š
ֽڰⶪѶ϶ࡣ
Ѷ϶ΪֽںǲϤԵʲô˵Ϊ˵Ȼ⵱򵼡
ãô
Уû
Ѷ϶ô˵Ȼû
лѶ϶ಮ룬ȥȤĵط
ֽںͷѶ϶ͦĵ
ĹϵѶ϶ֽҲ𾴡
죬Ҳ˵ЦеʱҲһЩ⡣
ԣҪȥȤĵطȲǡ
Ѷ϶ô˵ûס
룬ֻҪȥ˹ĻʹȥĶС

450

һСʱϱ߶
ӳһƬһС·ӻһũ
ũ۵ǲԶ
вڵڳԲݣܣ
֪һжڷѶ϶ࡣ
棬ϲģһȥԡ
Ѷ϶޷弸˵Ȼܴ󷽡
ﶼģ
ֽȻ϶һ䡣
ǵģҸ˵˽
֪⣬Ѷ϶ǿ˽
ǿ䣬˿ȥϢˣԺȶС
Ѷ϶˵棬ǰһ԰լ
֮ҲֻһӣΧ羰סҲһܡ
Ҵȥķ羰
Ѷ϶΢Ц
ûԣֽڡ
ҲֽڣȻͷӦ
ãллˣ
һôƺѶ϶ࡣ
Ѷ϶һʱҲȤ
벻ҪΪҵҡ
Ѷ϶ʿʮ㣬̬Ⱥǫ͡
̲סЦ
ʦҺͲȥˡ
ȥɣҲſ羰治
ֽں˵Ѷ϶ҲΣû˵
λ⡣
˵ţѶ϶߶ĺӱȥ
ô
Ѷ϶רע顣
˺Ҹ
˵϶ϲá
ϲ𣿡
Ѷ϶⻰һɿһۡ
ôĵط룬û˻᲻ϲ
ûֱ˵ԼĸܣΪв²⣬Ҳ
Ժˡ
Ѷ϶˵һͷũ
֪ʱ⣬뷨񲻵ö֪
Ѷ϶鲻
á
Ҳû룬ɾϵľܾ
Ѷ϶֮ũҲž֮
ȻҲǰ׾ģĲ˵Щҩ˵޼֮
֮ýǮģһ
Ͷ϶ദ˲е˼Ǯ
ɼʹҲܷܽѶ϶͵Ĵ
ׯ԰ͷѶȣȻֵһᡣ
ֲׯ԰˵Ǹߡ
Ŀǰûⷢչҵ뷨
ϲΪʲôҪ
Ѷ϶üͷ
Цˡ
ϲĶܶ࣬ǣЩҶҪ𣿲ܣʹũҲܽܡѶ϶࣬ллĺ⡣
⻰üͷķѶ϶Ц
ˬʵЦ˲ݵе
Ҳǵֽڼ˳߿
˵ĺеҼҵ뷨ΪũѾˡ
ֱ𾪵޻˵
ıѾá
Ѷ϶࣬Ҳ˹ˣдҲûãҵĻ
˵Ҳһ
սǮܺãϾ³βķá
ũû鷳
ֱͲ롣
ͷѶ϶ʶദһڣҲ֪ɼûУ
Ȼûֱӹϵòǡ
ҪǷѶ϶ɼң֪ôһũ͸ˣ϶뷨
һԸմǣŮ֮Ƿǡ
˵ûһϵΪʱ˹һСʹ²һũ
Ѷ϶˵ŻһЦ
ʵľҺû
Ҫ˻ȥһţүӶǣ
ϾڵĻҲǶôƽ˾
ͷۣε̫Ѩ
Ѷ϶࣬ûҪҺѹ
֪Ѷ϶Ǻ⣬ҲҪ˵ס
㲻ѹһкҵֵһᡣֻл㣬Ǯһ㡣
㻹ǸҽǮɣ
ź
Ѷ϶࣬һж˵ǸС鷳ҲҪ롭
֪Ļܲò㲻Ҫżܾ㣬ȫԼĺܺãһҺܿ϶ǣ˹ڵʱ棬ȼ١ԼķӺũǺܷ𣿡
Ѷ϶˵ߡ
Ǻϲ棬ҲڣҲ
˵ĳ
Ѷ϶֪࣬ĺ⣬ôҸֽɣ˵ҽҩѡ֪ģҵҩĺ󣬵Ҷʹ
ؿһʹļס
÷Ѷ϶Ц
ԶԶںҲһЦ⡣
ûֻֽзũҺܶࡣˣһЩ⡣
Ѷ϶εʼ磬ģеǷᡣ
Ǿˣ㲻øֽΪơ㲻ǽСʹҾ͵һʹ
շۣһǮʹѹ
ǣԶҵСʹһǸСʹҲҪԷҲҪǮҲҪũ
ǵģСʹҪԷҪǮҪũأ

451

Ѷ϶źӱߵЦֱ
ںҲ˲ͣض
ĥܹˡ
͸ũҪɻҪСʹ
ܲҲû취
Ѷ϶࣬ҲҪũҲҪǮǺѣ㲻Ҫô𣿡
Ȼ˵ֻܴͨơ
ϣ΢һܹ򶯷Ѷ϶࣬ı⡣
ܸǮ⡣
ǣˣ
УȻѣҲܾܾҵ
ðɣ
˾ţ˵ʲô
һ
ðɣҽǺǰһ˽ӹܣʲôʲôΪ֪Ҹûʱ
Ļ÷Ѷ϶ǿġ
㲻Ҫģ
ܵеܹˡ
ǵģСģһԿŰһС
һ黹ʲôɿǵģ
ҲýӣҲýӣֻˡ
õģǿŴ
һƬũǺ⡣
Ҫô鷳¶⡣
ϾڳҲףҲϡ
үݵˣǣ˼ҡ
԰²ò࣬òСĽ
С㣬ũҪʲôʲô𣿡
룬
⣬ǹأǲأ
Ϊѡ
ܣԼûûʱ䣬Ҳܡ
ܣɱϾԼĲҵҲȫʡ
ᣬȱ
Ȳ裡
ͻȻ˼һת÷̻
˫ðⶢŷѶ϶࣬﷢ë
С㣬ʲô𣿡
˵ţѶ϶࿿
С
ҲѶ϶࿿
ʲôֻ˵Ҷ㡣
Ѷ϶˵ޱȡ
⻰»
Ѷ϶࣬ϻ⣬ûȤ
˵⻰һѶ϶໹˼Ȥ
Ҫʲô⣿
Ѷ϶Ҳʵ棬ɲΪڿЦ
ҶôȤ𣿡
Ҷ
Ѷ϶൹Ȥ
ǲ֪˵ô
ʲô뷨
˵ţźӱ߶ǰķȥ
ȻũˣҲôţֲҶ
⻰ֵѶ϶˫ðĶ
ģֲҶ
һϢҲһ޴̻Ѷ϶ǡ
ǵģ뷨Ҫİæ
˵ֱףΪûзѶ϶İ޷ɣ߻ࡣ
ȻԣҺæ
˵˽Ժӣʯͷ̵Сߡ
߶Ǹɫݣķǳïʢר˴
ʯŽʵֹӣķ羰Ϊһ壬Ǻг
װ԰񣬿Űʣеȼٵĸо˺ܷɡ
ŷѶ϶£תȥ
һһŲˮŮӶ
ӭˣӭС㡣
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û뵽Ѷ϶ŮӶ졣
Ѷ϶˵һжǺӶ˵겻ѡ
лл˹ģǺܺá
ȣ׶ЦŴһ
Сȿȡ
лл
еע£𿧷Ⱥһڡ
еģȥЩ
׶˵꣬ͷСȥ
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𿧷ȺҲһ
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׶ĿԽԽúˣ
һиж⻰ҲõѶ϶Ŀ϶
Ǻܲ
Ȼֻĸ֣׶˵ҲǺѵá
л˿佱
׶˵ǲµģ󷽽˷Ѷ϶Ŀޡ
׶ˣ׼ЩóԵģмһ
濴羰ļλ𣿡
Ȼ׶Ѿ֪ļˡ
û
Ѷ϶˵꣬׶ٴȻȥ
һ¶ǣ˿ʣѶ϶㿴
˼ףԸղ˵Ҫϸһ
񲻽ķ±ӡ
ũҴſһ£ֲҶǿԵġĲ˵ũֲĻȫ˹ĲҶ󡣡
⻰Ǿȡ
ھʲôԭͶȥˣ
ȻǺǵĲ裬͵鷳ˣѶ϶ࡣ
ũֵĲר壬·ǷѶ϶಻ɡ
˵ûһ⡣ֲ𣿡
Ѷ϶ٴȷϡ
ⲻǲ񣬶ǷѶ϶Լû뵽
㱣֤ȫԡϵĺá
Ᵽ֤ΪпռĴ
ռĴڣĵ
ã㡣
Ѷ϶һȣѹļ
ҶҪʲôʱ֣
ԲҶֲⷽ棬Ѷ϶ȫǸСס

452

ֲҶʵļʹ졣
ûҶֲʱ䣬ҪôڲɲǰҪôڲɲ
Ӧ֣һ꣬ǾջҶ
ҶժһԺ֮ǰһ꣬Ҳǿռԭ
Ҫ𣿡
Ѷ϶⣬Ŀ
ӣǲ磬һС磬ֱȥС
Сģ
ֳģҲп֦Ǥġ
˵֦Ǥ壬Ѷ϶ȫֻ֡
Ϊʲôǲأ
ôش
ͻȻͷѶ϶˼͵С
Ȳֲۣ֪趼òֵġڲôģԺ˵
⡣
ðɣǲҪô
ʵĺܺãҲᡣ
ӣӻѲ˵˹Ҳһ鷳¡
񻹲ȷòó
һȥ˽һ˵
С£˵ĵһԭ
ԣҵĺϢ
Ѷ϶·ϡ
ũķ羰ܿɿڣǰصѶ϶ĳǱ
ڳǱͣѶ϶ĽǲŻѧУ
Ȼǡ
һһǺ˹ѧһĻ
ԤڵĺãҲûֳκ¶
Ѷ϶˺Ҫá
Ļǵг̽ӽβҲְŻع顣
֮ǰֽںͼλʦλԱһ£ѧǳȥ䣬ʱͶݶ
ݶ糿緹Ǳ
Ҫֽڴͷȥ˹ľһ졣
ݶ꣬Ƕʱ䣬Ҫ̻ع
磬Ѷ϶ģС
Ҫ뿪
ǵģԽһġҸЩҩȳţȥԺһЩȻʵݹ
ԷѶ϶Ĳӣʹ˲ҩҲá
Ѷ϶ڴͷû˻
죬̧ͷﶼǲᡣ
лл㣡ˡ
Ѷ϶һˣ˵⻰ȻҲۿ
Ҳܡ
ҲǣʶѣҺܸˡ
ǵģѷѶ϶Ϊѡ
һʱ䣬ദµĽ
ĵַ͵绰͸ңһȥ㡣
Ѷ϶ͻȻ֣صض˵
ȥȥûԥ˵ַϵʽ
Ҽĵַ͵绰¿ϵҡҲڼң϶ڡ
˺ֽŵݸѶ϶࣬ӵ
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һʱ˰ţû˻
ֽΪҪţԽһ˹ġ
ˣѣѹġ
һ¶
ڰͳƿҩڲ輸ϡ
Ѷ϶࣬ƿҩ
Ѷ϶ජŲ輸ϵҩƿӴ棬û˶
ΣƿӸ÷
ƿڷõһһһһµҩЩ꣬ٸµҩͲͣҩˡ
ҪƽʱϢѶ϶϶ἤĴЦ
ڣϢ޶ԡ
ƿҩرϣáزˣֻҪ˻ţܾȵġܹ͸Ʊܡ
˵꣬ûóֽдֱֽѹƿ档
Ѷ϶ƢСһ￴һ
Ѷ϶࣬ǲ𣿡
֪ʣûһ
ǵģҪ뿪ˣܡ
˵ŷѶ϶ͷı顣
Ҳ᲻ѣǻģ𣿡
Ȼ֪ʲôʱټ棬ǰο
ǺܾԺˡ
ȻѶ϶಻ˡ
Ҳò˶ãҪǲҶ˹ҾͻֲҶ
ôһ˵Ѷ϶һ˿Цݡ
һҪ飬Ȼֲҵ㡣
Ѷ϶Сϱһ˵ĺ
̲סֱ۵ļƤ
ãҵϢ
Ϊ˰οѶ϶ô˵¶ܲܰɣһûס
ϢһҪһʱ֪ͨҡ
á
ҪʱĻҲԾҴ绰
Ȼԡ
㡭᲻ѣ
ᡪ
һҪҡ
ᣬΪҵĺѡ
Ѷ϶ˣ¶һϵЦݡ
Ȼϵҩƿֽһ
ʱȥòã
Ȼԣӭȥ
Ѷ϶Ҳһ
ƢķѶ϶࣬мܲס

453

ҵˣѶ϶࣬ټ
˵žðҪ뿪
Եһ¡
϶˲ʿȣæܽ䡣
һӲʱ䣬ִæֻ϶һӡ
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ǰĺӣ֪Ķ϶ֵơ
Ѷ϶࣬ҵĶˣﻹ˰ɡ
һҪ£Щҵĸ˵ֵһᡣ
Ѷ϶ҩжŴֱʵٶ
Щ֪ҩ
ŷѶ϶ִŵӣӹӣͺз
֪ʲô̫Ҫ
ܴ򿪿𣿡
Ȼԡ
ŷѶ϶򿪺ӡ
ֻһ⣬ȻĴۣе
ǸҲգѶ϶࣬ջء
ĴָСĥĺƯʯףۣƸһ
ɫ͸ҲߣѵһƷ
ϺӣѶ϶
ջȥΪһʵˡ
֮ʯûˡ
ӣߵأ
ǵˣΪʲôҪ
Ѷ϶ܾȣû뵽ܾôɴ䡣
лл㣬Ѷ϶࣡ǣҲϲΡԣǷ˷ѡ
ⴿڣǷǡ
ĶڷѶ϶ӵġ
˷ѣŵҲСרΪģ벻Ҫܾ
˵ţѶ϶˫ӣǰ
Σɲôݳޡ
ƣͷۡҲŶԲߣô÷Ѷ϶ջȥ
ĺöʺң㻻ҡ
ôһ˵Ѷ϶൹е⶯
Ҫʲô˵Ҷ㡣
⻰˵ĺܴǲһ㡣
벻Ҫʲô
ؿɸԼˡ
ڣԹתĿ졣
ϲ¾ɵĶ˵СڼҾߣ߲;߶СҪҼĶûȥڼ
˵꣬ΪԼĴǻ۵˸ޡ
ԣȥң͸㡣
żң´ٸҡ
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Ѷ϶Ҳǣʱ̫ҲҲö
ãһҺÿĶǡ
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ϽĻ
Ѷ϶źӾᣬҲûǿ
Ǿ´μ
˵ſȥ
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ĵ糿緹ڰУѧУʦǵĻ£ѧУר
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塣
ӹ죬һת۾͹ȥ¡
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ô㻹ȥ
ԽЦĿʡ
ǵûУԺԲĵˣеϧ
˵ŻҰҰ졣
һʱ䣬㻹ûԹ
޷̲ס塣
ĵĳһؾУ˭Ҳܲˡ
嵹ãԲ
ĵĺóԣҲû취
ȻǸˣóʳ
㻹˵ǾĻóԣĵĺóˣ
ѧҲ̲סȤ
ǺóԣĵҲиĺãǲǰ񣿡
˵ͷͷǵʮĳԻˮ
˵أʲôϵ
ֽڵһԸ⣬Ϊѧ򱧲ƽ
ٺ١ⲻ˵𣡡
忴ֽھЦݡ
⵹ʵ
ֻҪ˵ãֽھûүһĻ̡
ֽڣǾôȥ
ʵֽһ㣬ѵǲȥ
ôȥ㻹
޷Ц塣
ҪҪȻأȥһٻȥ
ԽȤĿЦ
ˣʲôɺõģ
һ
⻰ʲô˼
޷һģ֪ڿЦ
Ǿû˼
˵ţ˫ֱأŴһݡ
Ҫʲô˼
޷Ķ׷ʡ
ҲǸû˼ˣ˵Щˣȥ˵
ȱȱ˵Щ
㰡ǵĳԶˡ
ֽôһ˵ҹЦ
˾ȻԣҲЦ
˵˵ЦЦУܿ͵˻
³˾˻
Ǳ߱ģֽڶó֤
֤׼ãһԣҵ˽

454

񡪡
ǷѶ϶
ȻûˣѾ
˳ķ򿴹ȥѶ϶༱Ҵҵܹӡ
ɻ
Ҫ
ѵǽˣ
ûףѶ϶Ѿվǰ
ãҸˡ
Ѷ϶˶
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Ѷ϶࣬Ժ󲻿ܣµġ
ǳĸ
Ѷ϶ҲûЦĸҵɵһͷ
ӣҲû˵ʲô
Ӱͳҩƿһҩݸ
ȥ
Ѷ϶СҩͷŽ
ԱϵĲ豭ָָ
ҿɲԺȿˮ
ԼĲ豭šӵݸ
Ѷ϶ӹȥڵĺ
ûȹˮһ
ʵҲԹ÷Ѷ϶࣬ղһ·ÿʵĲС
һĲˮһ㣬Ȼȵͣ
һȣһˮ˸ɾ
꣬׾ʣһҶѶ϶
ǸҶˡ
˴СһСĿ
ûϵпˮһٵС
ҲûƽϣϾʱס
Ѷ϶ıӣеᡣ
ӿɲ͸ң
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ʵһ±ѣռǡ
ֻùıӣҲʡ
һʱû˵Ѷ϶ΪԸ⣬ʧ䣬ѱӻ
ԣùģ㲻Ҫ
ģҲġ
Ѷ϶༤˫ֱŲ豭ıǣˡ
Ѹӵݸ㡣
ЩŰɣ
Ѷ϶ָŵӡ
֪ʲôҲûӦ
Ѷ϶ȻĹǡ
õģ涼һЩԵģҸ׼
ô˵棬ҲôӲ鿴
ȻѶ϶Զ͹Ҳֻˡ
ҵļлл㣬Ѷ϶ࡣ
ÿǺѡ
˵ѱӸ
Ȼʲôû˵ͨȥȻȥҪˮ
ǰʹӣ־ò˼
ԱŴңӰͳһҶѶ϶ࡣ
ҶȺţ´ٸʵݡ
Ѷ϶û˵ӹװѸ١
֪˻ΪʲôǷס
ллҺϲ
Ѷ϶ϲСлл±
ܿűӹѶ϶ֽӹ
źǳʺϡ
ڣ㣬о̡
Ѷ϶ллǡ
Ѷ϶˵껰ֽڲŹк
ʵﶼףѶ϶͵ˡ
ǣֻϺѣ
ֽڣףһ·ƽ
ллʱȥǻ档
Ҳ뷨Թһʱ䡣
ֽһ˵û뵽Ѷ϶Ҳôġ
ȥǶԺóԵġ
ôѶ϶ҵķˣôҲҪ
⻰ģѶ϶á
ģȥȥ㡣
ܳԵ壬Ѷ϶໹Ǻкøеġ
һȺ˵˵ЦЦʱҲúܿ졣
ܿ쵽ǵǻʱ䡣
Ѷ϶һһӣ͵ǻڡ
һ·ƽ
˵ŷѶ϶һͱӵ
Ѷ϶࣬Ҫúóҩƣۡ
Ҳ߶߶˵һע
÷Ѷ϶౶Ҹ߶ģԭĸо
ллĹģҵСʹ
Ѷ϶˵ţһӵ
Ѷ϶࣬ټ
˵ǻڡ
Ѷ϶վڵǻڣ߶ֱûκӰ
վĵǻڣѶ϶Ȼۡ
ˣɻѾˣǸûȥˡ
ҵСʹ뿪ˡ
Ѷ϶Ļ˼ġ
С˵ˣܿͻ
ϽοǵĲˡ
ǻҪþã
̲סҪۣǸڵˣסˡ
ʱܿ͹ȥʵ̵ܶġ
Ҫ°
Ѷ϶࿪ʼһ԰ο
ˣȥС㡣
ؼңҪ壬ȻȥҵСʹ
ͨ˵ķѶ϶࣬Ų豭ȥ
лڣϽȥ
һڵڶ絽ﾩ
ڻˣǾĿ
·ɻ̲ס̾ŵ˫ӵ
ô˹ĵĲˣ
޷͵ſЦ
㣬Ǿձ㣡
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455

үŴ׼񰮳Եķˡ
˼һ˵ڴſ֪ؼһ磬رҪŮ
ڻʹҷֱֿؼҡ
үӲ֪˶ˣճվſڣͼŮĳԶԶʻ
үãԶͿĳԺﺰ
Сţ׼ˣҹԱˡ
ʮ㣬ż
֪Ϊڵʲôأ
ˣ
屧źӣյһԺүӵҲҴܳ
ˣ㿴ˡ
˵ţүӸϽվ·ߣЦĸ仨ƵģŮͣ
ҲԶԶվſڵүӣ۾ʪ
ؼҵĸоã
ѳͣſڣͱסվڳߵүӡ
үүŮ
һ仰˼Һۿ
ԱүүĹԱڻˣҵĹԱ
үӱŮоһĲŷ¡
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˵ž͵ᣬָ˵Ц
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ļ򵥣һۡ
̲סЦ֪Ҳǹǡ
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ϸղţ˼졣
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ˣ˶ˣϴϾܳԡ
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Ҳʮ첻ı겻һĹ֡
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ллŲûķˣžͲ
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ԲһֱȥϲˣЪᡣ
˵ţŴĽ˳
Աүүˮϴϴ裿
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⺢ӣҿʲô
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үԱߣͿʼвˡ
үүҲԡ
ӿԣүӡ
ǸճԹ緹԰ɣ
ԣԣүӣŴ˶
ڻ㣬ѧĺϰĶûҲȥæˣҲүˡ
ҪǴҶڼңôԷҲи
үү̣ٳԵ㣬һ˳û˼
ⲻ˼û˼¶Ҫǲ˼ȻԼҡ
ãǶҹԱԵ
үӷŴҲȥӣһûһڵ
Ա˵ķˣǳԲϰ߰ɣ
үӻƲˣԵҲܻɡ
ãǳȽ϶ࡣ
߳Է˵
ֲø˸󡣡
ү⻰˵Ĳ֪ζ
׳˵ûҼˣ˸ԭԵģ
ŴҲ廰үӵĻʾͬ
Ӧ𣿡
ĵϵĸϸڡ
򻹲羰ҲܺãʱҴȥתת
Щû˵ҴǳȥתתԲѡ
ãҹԱȥģүү͸ȥġ
ү˵ţЦһҸ
żˣһȥһˣүү˵ô
ð¶ճ̡
ãүүûҹԱŰţүүȥĶС
үӺ˵Ů

456

극ûȥϢ°ƾɺͷѧʯͷҲˡ
˿Ȼָˡ
»û˵䣬ξͼҴҵˡ
ҴֶŮˣ
δ˵ľ
һˣɣ
¿ӣЦ
ɣ֪ġ
˵ţξ꼷ȥʯͷм䣬Ӿͳԡ
ǲǺæ
үӳţξꡣ
ɻѵرã
ã׼Ķ׼ˡ
ξܶӾʹԡ
ûԷ𣿡
ʵڿȥôʡ
ûԡ
ξڳԷ˵ûա
æ
ãԼ꣬Ӧö
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ξ˵ţүҲͷ
ûǺæƽҪ飬ϲǵ졣
үôһ˵ξΪʲô⸱ӡ
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½үڣһ䡣
죬
үӿŮ
Ƿھϯ˵Ǻƽ˼
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ͺƽСӣŮ
үﰵš
½ƽ飬Ҳ׷ġ
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ŷһ䡣
ʮԤ
ξͣ¿ӣ˵һ
ţ忴Ű졣
ξȫġ
ѧ𣿡
ξԣڳݲ
첻ѧ
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ξЦһģܽˡ
ȥæִֻɣ
Էξ껰˼Ц
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ҲҪȥæ
СʯͷҲ֡
УȥһӶȥ
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𣬿ռﻹмûó
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İõؽүӵĿ佱ϵĿޡ
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ԣҹԱүү
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Сǰطˣ˵ͻ
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ٴ򿪼ӣʽֱʽСһһͬǳ»
һͷۡ
Աȵʲôˣôô󷽣
үҲʶˣһͱˡ
ǵŮ
Ѷ϶飬û˵ģǰò˵
үӻܵġ
Ҿ͵˹һ
ε˵š
Ǹʲô
үĲЩ
Ǹλͺñǰү
ƾôһ˵ү붮
ٿǰ˼Ҳġ
Ͼһү;ЩҲ⡣
ãҹԱˡ
ү˵ĸˣҽ
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ǣ˻ãˡ
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457

ôֱһһɣ
˵ţүӺҶүҲˡ
λˣһȥĹ԰ˣⲻŸջ
ˣ
Ҷү˷ܵĸϽ
һˣҶүү㣡
ãͺãɵˣ
˵š˼֣´һ
ˣ
⻰ÿλ˶С˵һ䡣
ˣ
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үү
˵Ľһ䡣
ͺã߻绰ʲôʱ
үӲκαӵĻᡣ
ҲϷɻǰŸүӴ˸绰
Ҳ֪
Ҹ绰
Ǹøߴ绰ˣ˳һ顣
ʲôԭ绰үǸˡ
ã϶ڼң˴绰úġ
ξƾ̲ס̧ͷүϺꡣ
˲֪֪ү˼
ãһطʹ򡣡
ô˵үЦۣȻ⡣
ôôֱ
ҶүӿŲ輸ϰڵֱҲܺ档
͵ģҶүүҲһɡ
ҶүңȻ
УҶүү
˵ҶүүԱ߶һ
үܲƽ
ʶ㣬һ۾֪Щֱͨ衣
үҪ±˵Ҳж֡
ò˵үΪӲġ
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Ϊ֪үӴʱ϶ƽ
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үӺ˲һζ
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үҲһ
͵ĸл񣬺˵岻һ
ܾˡ
⻰ү˵ķԷθ
ҽκ˶û˵
ҹԱҽû˵ʦ̵ĺá
ү⻰˵ޱԺ
Ϊ֪ԼŮʦǲһˣ
˵ʦĳүӺʯͷҲξ길֪
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ˣʦôһֱû
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⻰ү˵ûֻһΡ
ϸ˵Ҳ棬Ϊνʦֻһƻʶѡ

458

үү˵ûҶүԼһϲֱ˵Ĵ
ƾɺξҲһһ
˴԰һ⡣
үԼҲһϲġ
Ŵ͸ɽĸֱָһʣü
Ա۰Ͱ͵ʯͷԴϡ
ʯͷҲзݶֻ̫Сˣٴòã
ʯͷһͷ
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ãġ
ʯͷİûκ
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ڣرס
ҲϺõʯƺиҲܽ
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⻰˵ʵΡ
ǡǾһס
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⼸Σ겻ر󣬵Ⱥܸߣ۸Ҳˡ
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ϸСС
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߷²豭Ц
ҾУڴʱ䲻
Եù߾ͺãһԲá
˵꣬үЦеģҲû˵
ҹԱ˵ʳٶ⡣
Ǻܰ⣬ţ⡣
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ǵķ˳죬ʱ䳤ҲС
ү˵˴ҵ
ûԺҾ;óʲôûζ
⻰˵ᡣ
ûԷǵóԼģ̹
ү˵ĳҲ˳ġ
үү˵ûȥ죬ҾŲˡ
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ⲻѣʲôŲ˵ȥޡ
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Ц˵ŴҲˡ
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ţھȥ׼
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飬֪˵ʲô˼

459

֪ȥĺԺ
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ԣʱȥҲҪȥ
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460

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ų;òҲˡ
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ԡ
ҲûǺݣڼסһʱ䣬Ҳûˡ
ҪǻкʵģҲһ
֣ҪҲ
ɣкʵľ͸
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ЦŸϲˮ
ʵԺҲңҪˡ

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461

ȵֻѸתٵֻȣӱȥ
գ۹ûӰӡ
ֻԶݻζкʱʱˮ֪ڳ
СҾͲ㲻ѹ
ʷʣȥ
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Ȼɫ磬ĳʦǺǰƵķԱæˡ
ķ꣬ϲɢ档Ǹæģ߶Ϊæµš
ʮ࣬ӽҲҪʽʼ
ΪڣҲûɫʵ˾Աֻξʱ
˳úÿ˵סӣٺʲѡ
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462

Уүүʲôһ˵һ
үӦ
ʲôУǵķ˶óԡ
ү˵ĺԴ󣬲Ҳʵ
ŮŰˡ
ãǱ㼸λүүҲһԣһˣóŶ㡣
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䣬˴үӡ
϶ûߡ
˵ţһλʮҲˡ
˶
˵ɨһۺݼˣ󶨾
ɣ
Цүӡ
ҹԱ
үЦһ
Ա㷽үү
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˵ĴȻ÷үӺкøС
úãˡ
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϶治ףôõŮǼҴŸ
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ţǷүүļ񡣡
Ǹ׼ģ˳׼һ
ô˵ˡ
ûӣȿүӡ
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ллүүҵĲǣһֱûȥ˼ҡ
⻰˵һү˾ͰԵͷ
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463

糹׳꣬춼ˡ
ˣȥӿ϶ǲˡ
ԣڶһ磬˴Сʯͷͳš
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㣬·ˣ
ʯͷںϣʿ
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ʯͷ˵һ档
֪ˣϲĺԺĿ϶ҲĺԺ
ʯͷ˵ķǳ϶Ϊ˽
ûĺԺ
߿Ц˵
ҳˣҲҪԺӡ
ʯͷĻЦĸġ
ãʯͷ󡣡
ʯͷŸҲҪԺӡ
˵꣬ų;Ͷʯͷʯͷֱüͷ
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ʯͷص룬ʵʵ˵
ʵЩܲˡ
ʯͷ˵Ÿѹ
ųָĿϷʯͷɽüͷ
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в̣ʯͷһ⡣
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ų˵е⣬ͬĺһ
ûеܵܣҲǸ⡣
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ʯͷҲܲ
ų죬Զԡ
Ҫ𣿡
̲סһ䡣
Ҫʲô
ų˵ţ
еȥʯͷСһ𿴴ķ羰
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ĺԺܴ󣬿ҲЩͷҲȽϾɣŴҲǺ룬ԺҲ߰㣬˲Ƕڿ졣
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رǣԺмһĻ԰ɻ԰û˴泤Ӳݡ
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464

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緹ԣǳȥԡ
Ǯүһᣬ֪¶ûлأŻǮ뼸˳緹Ȼһٷ˶Ǯ
緹ھߡ
˵žǣʯͷߡ
ǮүǮϽݷãһȥꡣ
ǮүҸȽ֣ȥйӪꡣ
һ˵˹Ӫ󷹵꣬ǮүǣһμԷĵط
ȥڶ¥Ҫ˸䣬ò˾Ϳʼ˵¡
Ǯүһ¡
һڣ߾֪Ҫ˵ʲô
ֵܺųҲܲ¸š
ʲô¶㾡˵ֻҪүܰģѡ
Ǯүظ˵⻰˺ܷġ
УҲ
Ц˵
ǧʹү
ǮүҲЦ
һҪԺӣ»æͷʣֻҪ˳֣ԺӴСҶҪ
˵⻰̲ס࿴һۡ
Ǯүû뵽ҪԺӡ
㡭ҪԺӣ
Ǯү⻰ʵС
ݸһЦ̶ҡͷ

465

Ǯүе㲻֪ҡͷʲô˼
⡭
ûҾ򡣡
⻰˵൱̲סЦ
Ǯү˾Ų
ǮүõģֻܰҴɽһԺӣҸһٿǮѣô
Ҹ̫ͻȻǮүһʱûӦ
⡭᲻̫˵
ǮүŲӣС
࣬ĸֵǮ
⻰ǶǮүĿ佱
һʱǮүǣ
У¶үˣ׼ĸǰ졣
Ǯү˵ࡣ
Ȼġ
˵ĻǮүߺȲֺǡ
һٷԵ㡣
󣬼ŻǮүҡ
û˵ǸԺӵˡ
³˫ûѶ󹦷̸ˡ
칦ֶĸԺӡ
ǮүżȥԺӡ
ߵĶԺӣֵѡ˺ԺӣųͰ֣ҲͬһͬѡһԺӡ
ͬһͬԺҲ㡣
ѡʣµԺӹ
ӣ˻ֵĴ㡣
ⲻȿˡ
ҪкʵԺӣٸһ
ΪǴײ˰һھһ
ų
Ǿٸһ۸ټЩУϾҲࡣ
˵档
൹ڣǵǮ
Ҫľ˵ҿԸһһûС
˵̹ˣҲˡ
ллǾٸһ
һ̬
ҲҪ
ų;ִ֡
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ϾͷԵˣôţҲ롣
Ǿ鷳ˡ
˵Ŀ롣
û£Ҷѡ
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˺һû߿ڣͷʻ
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˵ᡣ
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Ҳһ

үͨԺӡ
ԣ㿴ŸһС
û뵽үԥʹӦ
ԣĿ϶ûˣֻܸһһԺӡ
ûϵúһУ۹⡣
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رġ
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սӵףҵ绰˵ףүү񲻴á
үòݣ˵ףүӲеء
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⻰һүﰲοˡ
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үүȱ𼱣ȥ׼һ¡
ԶԣҶˣԱȥ׼үү㡣
˵үӾվڿš
ΣȥһԼ䣬Ҳû˵ϻ·ʹүӳš
ڼ棬ȥȥ
үӻүӣҶүϻƴк
ȥɣԼ档
Ҷү죬ڰүӸϽŶ
үӿЦЦźȲ衣
һ߶ʱ˼
үүҺһȥǿ
үô˵ĵͷŲ豭ĲҶ
үȻ롣
ˣһߡ
үӷҲûԵıҪ
ڴҵע£˼ҴҵسŶ
࣡
ų̲סСĶԺֹ
֪
ݰһۣʲôҲ˵
һǺֵܣһľˣҲǵÿģƫƫңԺҲ֡
Ϊ֪߲˺
ܲ޳ֻ˳Ȼˣ
֪үͬҲ
ȻϣϱҲаҲǽ˶ѡ
ҵĴүͬΪѡ
µȨ
ܲܳΪҵŮˣҲ
ţүֱںߣ߹ԹԿһ˾ģ
үүõģףүүûµġ
үӵְο
үүģ˸ֻǼʮֵˣﲻܡ
Ȼƽʱ˵˵ЦЦҲ䣬ɺףүӼʮֵˣүôܣ
Ҳ֪ôοˡ
һսֵܣһˣһӣһǶˡ
үҲ̲ס̾
ᣬүӵ顣
Ȼûֵܡ
֮飬һ

466

߶Ծ·Ϥүӵָ£Сʱ󣬾͵ףҡ
ףһʽĴĺԺԺŴ󿪣ףѾڴŵš
ĳͣ£æȥүӿŶ
үүˣ
˵ţүһ
Ҳˣ鷳һˡ
ףȻֻһ棬ӡ̡
ԭɣҲףүڼ߶ף˲֪Ҳѡ
Ҳ֪ҽǷףҲ˺ܴϣԶ˵
ףүүӦõġ
˵³ȴ³š
ߵڶκף档
Ȼڶμ棬ûô˵
ӶЦǴк
үү񣬻
ףǰ·
үүô
үżľף
˵Ҫڵš
˵ף۾
û£һҹԱүүơ
ףүӳο
ллүүлл񣡡
ף۾үǿջЦ
үүˣ
˸սԺӣףôݳﺰ
үү浽ˣ
һҴҵ𣬽Ҳ
û峤࣬Ѿүǰȵүӵ֡
ﲮһˣ롣
˵Ǹʮӣƫݣ˳úҲһžͺкøС
˵䣬үߵߡ
ɣ
ѯʣǿ϶
ûҹԱ
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Աף
ףã
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ףã
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үôһ˵֪еףүӵĴף裬Ҳףףصİְ֡
ﲮ룬Ұڵ
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үӻеţżĹ򣬺úһ˾ͳ
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ү߶߶ʼԹ
䲻ÿһŶףүӵĹĺۡ
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ãúӣˡ
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ףүүһүү˼ҿżˡ
ʵʵ˵ףүӿүҲЦĿġ
õģҵ壬Լܻꡣ
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һ֡
үżϽףүӵ
Աףүүʲô
үȷʵżŮ־ʡ
үүģףүүⲡȻͣҲΣֻҪЩʱ䡣
⻰֮ļҲŸ
ڴͷףүӣҲЦ
Ҿ˵û¡
϶һʱͿģҪиôô̱ڴϿô죿
ףүںүӾ
ףӴҴһ¡
Ҳš
ֻվڴߣү˳
үүףүүˣʰ
á
ף̲ס̧ͷһۣȫ͡
ԣҹԱ˵Ķԣ϶òôʰ㣿
үҲ̹٣ףүҲ˳ࡣ
ףүӴͷβЦү̬ȷǳá

467

УҺˣúȼ
ףүүԺºȲ˾ˣ
⻰үžֺǡ
϶Ⱦƣ㣿
үڿЦ
Ҳܣүﲻ̹ٸô
ףүүⲡ
ףվڴβɫ
໰Լ⡣
ףүӿڴ϶ӵĻ
ܵģӻ˵ã񣬼̶үӡ
ǣǾ鷳ˣ
ףֺʶ࣬ԹףүӵĻûٶ˵ʲô
ף
񵭵˵ţæĻ
ףףֵܰţʲôҲ˵
Աףүүⲡô£
үӿڣҲףҸ˰ġ
ëҲãټ˯߲ãԲһӻȽء
˵꣬ףҸҲһ
ػؿ˺üҲô˵ģǲġ
أһ˵ǵǷŶˡ
ôΣ
үٴŮ
ҩģЧֺֿá
˵ţͰ򿪣׼ףүʩ롣
ףҸһԸɿţҲﲻæ
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Сȥ׼
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ԿһֵܣүӵҲġ
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үӣүүӣųͺͺԺơ
ΧźݣƾɣŴɽǿ֡
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ү˵Űڰ֣ȥ£Ҳ֡
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үһ˵Ǳ档

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棬ȥŶ
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ΪŮ֡
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ôһʣԺ˶֧Ŷ
ߣƶ棬ү˵
Ҳ棬Ǹʲôˣ
ͷķѶ϶໹ʲôûΨһľ֡
ҵĺѣһµ绰лл
ȥǿ飬չˣлл㣡п档
ĶҪ˻ش𣬾Ϲ£
үӱ̬ͷѶ϶ණ
ʣ游𣿡
Ȼ˵ʲôѶ϶үӵ˲²⡣
˵岻ãںõû
үȻķѶ϶塣
֪ڼ𣿡
Ҫע壬ʱҩɲܴ⡣
ǲǲڼң
֪ǸС˸ҪЩˣҩ񶼸ˡ
үĵ𾢡
ԺҲ𾢡
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ţҲζ
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ǼһʳҲã˰⣬Ҷٶٸԡ

468

үӺ˽绰ͦˡ
ɴӵ绰ﴫôŲԣ

үӺĵĻȣ
ϸһ
ҵľˣҵСʹ
Ҹ˵ɲУҲҪԵˣܺã˵ġ
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СӾҪġ
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ү仰û񣬷Ѷ϶еĲȥ
ǲȥˣûؼң
Ѷ϶಻ˡ
Ҹ˵岻þҪȥû¾ȥɻٲУԺֲˣܶ壬в˳ԣһá
Ȼڣ´ٴȥ
̲סЦ
Ҳû뵽Ѷ϶ġ
·Ѷ϶ҵ绰Ͻȥ
үүҵĵ绰ɣ
ŮˣүӲİѻͲݸ
ǸСͦġ
ү̲סޡ
ǳ鴤
ͦģ
˰죬֪Է˵ʲôҲ֪ôĵȥ
Ժ˲ˣ̲סЦ
ԭ˰죬֪ʲô
죬´١
Ѷ϶ࡣ
绰ͷķѶ϶ҵ绰ϤӻͲﴫ
񣡡
ԣҡ
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ܸˡղźһλˣĵҲ졣
Ѷ϶Ļ񳹵
˼ͬѼԷ˵ʲôף֪ʲôģ
ղźҵүүܹ壬ԲŶһᡣǱ˴˶ûԷ˵ʲô
¼ȺЦ档
£Ȼܿĵ
游
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ĸܸˣһЩҴˡ
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ͬʱҲڲ룬Ů»ʲô
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룬˭ѽͲҪҲ̫Լˡ
ֱһͨ绰߻

469

أֲ񣬾ôܡ
죬ǼȥϹأˡ
ͼֽλʦҲ˷Ͽ׼
ðξҲŰˣ˶ǡ
ⷽ棬ɽͺδ·үҲͬ⡣
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ǮţҪ
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Ҳлǰæ
æµһ죬ؼҸճ绰ˡ
ģ͹ȥӡ
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ҩ͵Ǵ˺Ѽ䣬ֿѧУϡ
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˵߾ϴ룬ûʲô忴ֱۡ
ǰҲæʰֻ꣬ûϴˡ
첻֪ܴ̼ˣҪúñһүȻ֡
ˢϴ룬¶ɵ֮١
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ųȻҲЦûֻܱš
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˸ƣſϼ֡
ߣǼУ仯󡣡
ǴСʱ⣬ߵı仯ȴ
ʶԺ
ĻͣĶҲ˼˼롣
˵ûҺϲڵԼ
ү⻰˵еԿζ
Ҳͦãڵ㡣
Ҳʾͬ
ȻүģǺǰȣͨ˲١
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뵽߿
ԣΪϴϴˡ
ɣЪ
á
˵үˢ
ĺЦ
ͻȻ뵽һϻ±ˮ㶹һｵһ
ȷʵסߡ
û⸣Ͳ˵ˣ

470

Ա绰
үʮ
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471

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472

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473

ܴŻүôܻ緹أ
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474

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475

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㲻ýţĿǰͻࡣһЩ߶˿ͻŶӴǡȻǵҪаյƣûյĻͷ
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477

ڶһ磬˼򵥳˵ͣͳȥС塣
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Բãҫۡ
ĺˮһ⡣
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⻰Ҳ֪˵˵ˡ
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479

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Ϊѧҽ֮ģ˴̥ڵѣҲ
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487

ûб˼ֻģⱲӶ˴̥
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ڵɫԺӣǲᡣ
ڵ֪ʹǺѣҲܶԱ˵˽ºӸ棬һǸС
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һڿΣ¿ûҵֱӿؼҡ
С˳ûʲôѣ
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лﲮģһжܺãûѡ

ڶ죬סס˲һݣְȥλᡣ
ԭ⣬Ӱ࣬ʱ鰸סͷܲ㡣
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488

ҲửҹԱᡣ
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Ա극͸廭¡
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ԷǸûĻĵġ
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СҹԱͼ񣬾廭ʲôҲ
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ԵʯͷСʣǿ
ԣֻҪǾͺá
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ģҾԱ߿˵Բǡ
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ĿߵģŮٸ˵˵ϸڡ
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ѾǵҰʱַǳơ
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Ϊ죬ʮš
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أ
Ѿʣ߻ʡ
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ѣȻӿϡ
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489

ǲò̫Զ
ٴηʡ
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شֿ϶ס˷ܣشÿһ⡣
Ҷкӣ𣿡
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ÿһ⣬һֿ϶
һŵ˺治ѣŲӿ
еԶʲôҲֻܿǦֽϣػ
УһһһŮӡڶҡ
˵ţӳһ㣬µĻգۡ
˭ܿʱѡ
ҵĴмұŮˣҲǺӵĸĸ
һ𩿨ǡ
ΪǶû뵽Ҳû˽

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ҿԿ϶Ҷмұӵ󣬶ҺأǿԲ֤һ¡
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Ż񣬺鸴ӡ
ڸղţڹ룬ɱпǸ׳񺺣пǸ̬УҲпǸ۵ݵ
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Ǻݵĵһо
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˵źͼ˴˸кҴҵľͳȥ

490

ڶ磬Ҳݶճѧ
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˵ţֽڻҡͷ

491

²ܳԷˡ
ֽڻ䣬绰ˡ
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ιֽ鷳ٽһ˵š
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492

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ÿѹ񣬲ųԹʡ
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ûһ̨ߡ
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ͷԭŵĴС
ֻƤЬĺܸɾ˫Ҳܳ
ԣǳ
ϸҺ
˫ţ²⣬һװҡ
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ܵһȻ̧ͷ
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ллҡûע⡣
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лл򣡡
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ȻҲ𩣬ŵͷǰȥ
˵ҲɣǣһСӣһҩһǮ߱ߵͷ
ҩÿԵϡ
װûֱֱײȥ
ϣô·ģ۰ҡ
ǮһأҩҲˣû
ܻ
һײǸСҲȥˡ
˻
ʲôû˵ڵϣһʹࡣ
ײһˣ𩡣
֪ô⣬ϵĹȥͣ
û°ɣ
ҡҡͷҲ˵
ƿԼ첲֣ɻ󣬵ͷƾ֡
һһץ첲Ҳ̲ס
̶ֻ̼룬ع
㡭ȷû£
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ֿ
Ҫ㿴ҽ𣿡
Ҫȷһ㣬ٴ
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˵û𩣬תռǮҩСӡ

493

Բû°ɣ
Ǹ
Сӵ˸һ˼
û£һ㶼û¡Լ·û͹ûϵ
˵˼ͷǸЦ
ǮҩûҪǡ
ûû£ԵģҲСģԲ𣡡
õ̬ȣСӲ˼
û¾ͺãȻ˫СģǾǶдҲûҲÿ
ҵĴû
СӻֱͦҲ
䣬˸߸ģһ
ϲģͷۡ
̫ģҲͦѹ
ҽԺţųһ
ˣǵ¶ˡ
ֿ϶
ʮȷ
Ϊûӹҩ
ûϢĸҩ
ҩЧǿһͷţܷŵ˵ˣ
°ף䵽ʵջؼҳԷ
ؼҵʱƽʱѧ࣬ﷹҲպã͵
սţų;ͼüŪۣ˽
˶࣬Ҳ޷ֱӿڡ
ϴֵĿյҲ
ôˣǸ𣿡
ųСǣҲǰδеǿҡ
ţ
񵭶ͷϴ֡
ųһЦϴֵҲ쳣ÿ˫ϸ֣ʱΪÿ
ͦÿ
ų˵ĺ£ޣûһ٬˼
ҲǶԴʱһֱ
֮ŴүãԼ˲
Ҳͦÿ
ţҲе
˫ȷʵÿ
ôץסģ
ų˼ά̫ѣһһ˻Ľࡣ
һ˷ܣҲȨ⣬ô˵¡
Ҳ֪
Ҳ˵ѣûۿ
Ȼ֪
ۿôץģ
˵һź
Ҳ¶뿴㿴
м𣿡
ȥҽԺ֪Բôʡ
ûС
ѡ
Ҽˣ˳ӦúܲҲͦᣬеϧ
ͬ˵
ǣٿϧҲǸɱ˿ħɲݣزݡ
йҲʲôãǵôһ·
¶Ŵүͦ
ֻš
ʱȥĵλ֪вУ
ǰһ̻ڱˣһ⣬ų͵Ӻתر졣
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˵䣬ڴ
֪ǵλ⣬ӦòС
롣
˲䣬һʧ䡣
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ġ
ҪҪԼ¶Ųܡ
ȳԷ
תƻ⣬⡣
үᵣġ
˹ȥ£үԸŮ׼ꡣ
Է³극ġ
үΪųҪ
û£Һġ
ų͵Ļү̲סͣ¿ӡ
еģߺҲࡣ
үӵϽ
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үҲЦͬ
ҵǺ֣ɻķΧǷ˳Ҳζ
ҲҵˣԷһԭ
ȻŴҲû˵
ҹԱѧۣԵ⡣
үЦţͣŮвˡ
һĻÿݣ˶Ѿֲ֡
ųͻ̲סᡣ
ҲҪôõүү
⻰˵ҪǱүһᡣ
ųֻ࣬ͷԡ
Աмż٣
үӿŮż٣š
һݡ
䣬үģЦĸһ
ԱߵʯͷҲ߳Է߸ſɡ
ԱżȥĶ
үӵŮȥ棬˼ҾͿġ
ȥ߶СԭһȦõĻǿܱתһȦҲʱ䡣
˵ţλ˾͸ˡ
ԶԣЩԵģǵĳҲ˯
ү˵𳵣һ¡
ȥǣװռˡ
ôܵҪһ棬Ҫҽ
ˣǵĳڷǣ⡭
үҲ𳵵£ģҲüͷ
үﲻ̹
үүģͻᵽ
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ų̧ͷ񣬹лҪʣʲôҲû˵
ǺŪȥˡ
ǿҪǰ׼ȥôĶҪϣɲܵ߶
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үӺҶүҲֺǣסͷ
˼Ҷȥߡ
ͷԷסΡ
æǮѧүӵĹذ̫١
ûϵԺеʱ䡣

494

Էһ룬ڵҲˡ
û£үִҴ뿪
ڵ뿪ûӣĵ绰ˡ
ģȥӡ
ι
񡪡
ǷѶ϶໶
ĺ𣿡
ܽӵ绰ԷѶ϶˵Ǽǳĵ¡
ллҺܺãأ
ǴЦҲܲ
ԷˣҲŶ
С⺢ӡ
Сѣ
үƺĲá
Ѷ϶Ҫ֪Ƶÿڲ
òˣôͳСˣ
Ҳүôƺֳƿڣ˼Ҽǲס
ͷѶ϶˵Ҳȫ
ҪȫĻһʮʮֶܰΡ
ƺȻرҲүӶԷѶ϶ǵһֱ֡
ү档ȻҲ¡
ͬʱﰵû£벻ۡ
˼Ҳĵģ
ҺܺãоرҶȥμˣǸĲˣôɡ
Ѷ϶תҲر𲻴
һˡ
ллϣٺЩǿԵġ
Ŀ϶ԷѶ϶˵ǸĺϢ
񡭡
ɳƣܼ
֪ҴСһ룬ϣһ챼ΪⱲӶû뵽лл㣡ллҵСʹ
Ѷ϶ȻҲƽȡ
ÿѡ
ܺ۶Ϊˡ
ԣõѣ
绰ﶼˬʺЦ
εҩú󣬸оô
ͬʱ񻹲һĲ顣
÷Ѷ϶ȸж־ů
ܺãҩرЧĸҲ˵á
ְҩøŮˣ
ǲãûôˡ
ҩҲһ
ĸˣҶˡ
ͷۡ
ǲеͷˣ
ʵ˵Ů
Ҫ񲻺գ
ллҲ鷳ллŮ¡
˵ʲô
ֻˣ
ģлˡ㲻õģĸܺãҲܸл㣬Ӧˡ
лл㰡
ĬĬлѶ϶ࡣ
̫ˣ
Ůܼ
Ĳ
лл鷳ˣ
Ĳ鲻Ըĵл
񣬲ö
죬ﰵ롣
ˣ˸ˣϾ͵ңϣϲ
ȸԾϲ
񣿣
ڸʲô
ѾνˣôԵѣʲô취
ﵽٸ绰ټ
˵ܾĻѶ϶˵꣬͹˵绰
ĻͲһãȻ
Ǯԣ
ŷ»Ͳ
ٷԵĹæ
ȥųԷ
ƨɸ뿪ɳ绰ˡ
ԺԷҲŵ绰ҲԵĲ̤ʵ
ȥͽӵ绰
ι𩡣
Ȼֱӣһ
ܽӵ绰˭ȱԼĴ
塪
㵽ˣ
Ҳġ
絽ˣǲ£
ţôæ绰ûеҡ
ס˵ڻûѣôŪҲѲʲôɣ
ʵûףŸ绰
⡣
϶ŷġ
Ǿͺãѹ
ѹ
û
ΪҲǵһãûܽᾭ顣
ôش
ҲΪѡ
Ӧáûô졭
⻰շµ
û£Сʱûϵ
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ӦòֹСʱ
ɰͰ͵˵ţ鼫ˡ
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˵⻰ʵҰο
룬
ҧһ˵ꡣ
ʱ绰ͷû

ܴҪһ
ûû£Ǿ͵
⻰Цɻס
ģϿ϶ҩҲǵһãеùˡ
ЦŽͣҲûӣֻܵٴ¡
𩿪ĵĹ˵绰ȴһˡ
ԱԷ˶ˡ
үӼŮԶٷԲһۣ¶
µ绰ͳȥ÷
Աԣ㶼ûԼڡ
үͣ¿ӣæŸŮвˡ
үүҲԣҳЩˡ
ĲˣжҲүӳԷ
˵Ҳ磬ûڣ绰ˡ
ϵ㿴ңҿ㡣
ͣ¿Ӵȥӵ绰ʯͷȴһܽݡ
ץ绰ֻιһͳԺӿ
㣬ġ
ġ
ôˣڷϴ绰
¿ӣͽݡ

495

ش绰ֽڣһ񵽼ûУ
ʦ˼̼仰͹˵绰
Ա˭
ͼ仰үҲ²˭Ů
ʦ٣һؼûС
ٵûүӣʵʵ˵
٣ǲʲô£
ү
ӡŮٲд¶ȥǣƽʱͲ١
үҲ¿ӣһġ
ƾҲȻû˵ĵ˭ܿ
û£иȥҽԺ
⻰ٲΰ롣
ʵûүʵ˵Ҳֻˡ
˼˵ҲⲻȥүӵģԸ˵ѡ
ų̧ͷʲôҲû˵ͷųԡ
Ǿͺãû°ɣزأ
˼ĳãŮѡ
û£˽ˡ
ȿȿȡ
ĻųͲǺ
ԣԷҪô죬ȿˮ
űǺÿųͣүۡ
ɨһۿȵŴүͷˮ
ƾüͷһ񣬽ųԷ
һУ֪ܷʲô¡
͸ղŽӵ绰ų⣬ֽڻ֪Щʲôľ𩡣
뵽𩣬ƾɾͲ³ȥʲôˡ
Ϊ֮ǰֵĻ
ô
ȥʲôԶ
ƾտӵֽ˽װ¡
ֻǳ˼ڣ¿ӣûθڡ
ԺضԺ
ųĸں棬ƾһҲȥԺ
鷿£һǰһ
ƾɽųͱ첻
ǲȥˣ
ƾҲĨǣֱ˵ʡ
֪¶͵ͷϡ
Ҿ͹ȥȷһ£ûκΣգ岻Ҫġ
ֻ˵ˣôܲΣգ
⻰ֻǰƾɰˣ
𣿡
Ȼƾɲš
ô񿴡
£顣
ǡû
û˵ţҲҿƾɡ
һԵĹųͣҳһ£ڽｵʹڸУ
Ҵƭ壬һҪҡ
̬Ⱥܺõ˵š
ųͣҲ֪
ˮųͣᡣ
ҾǸƨ˲
⻰Ҳֻ롣
֪֪ûΣգһûΣա
ƾ˵Ŀ£ųα֤
¶ûͦΣա
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ƾ£Ҳ˽һ¾
Σգ񡭡治Σա
ǿ죬Сģų⻰˵Ŀڲһ
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ҲͦΣգҵʱͦ¡
ȿȡ
ų˵һ룬Դϡ
ƾ⻰Цſ
ֶŮ˵Σգ
⻰ų
˵ʲôأ
Ǹ壬ҺȥĲͬһط
⻰ǿԣϾҽԺôûһͬط
Ǿˣôసӷ
ų͹ϱ졣
˵ʲôһ춼Ǵõİ취Ǳ졣
ѿӲˣ
ⰸҲ֪һˡȥҽԺȷһ£ûΣգ岻õġ
ûϣƾЦݲŵ˼֡
ðĶˣ¶Сûϵ˵Σ֪ãҪѣǽʲô𣿡
ƾɻ䣬ųͲͷ亹
ԣһ¡
ЩҶ뵽뵽ЩҸҪȥ
ﶼǼᶨƾһʱ
¶ҲĻûٶ
´Ρ
⻰
ȴЦŵͷ
ƾɰ񵱹Ůһ۰Ͳ˵
⻰һãЩԭЭ
İȫ⡣
ǳԹԾͷ
æ
˵ƾȥ
ųһ¡
ˣ
ʽˣ
è򣬼ƾԺӡ
ֱˡ
ͦ
һۡ
ѣ
ƭң϶֪
Ҫʵ¶ų
ǰ참ʲô¶
˵ۣ
֪϶֪
ų׷ףҪʳ𰸡
֪Ҫȥ嵥λɣ
һ
˰ɣеΣա
Ŵүˣ
ҲãٲΪ
Ǿͱˣ¶Ҳͱ˵
ƾȣүӡ
ϾҲе¡
ģѾˡ
ǽ𣿡
̲ס
ʲô˼
⻰ų治
´Լһûطͽʶɻ

496

ڿҵҲ࣬æ
һϹȥΣҲȴ
һ췱æĿҵʵˡ
ѧǰŸյңžпš
ͬ־ļ𣿡
һ˶Ժſ
ſһСվڴſʡ
ԣûҡ
үӸϽתӦ
Ϊڳ
СӽҪϿһԷɣ
ҲǸʲôģүкԷ
ûôˣСҲ⣬Ҳϲ
ллǰ˴·ġ
˵⿴һۡ
Ȼһλ𷢱ۣ߸ӣڴſڡ
ӣһͷˮͬʱ뵽ѡ
뵽үҲ뵽
˼ıȽ϶ࡣ
Ա˭ˣ
⻰ɻ
ѵүʶС
ˣүү˭ˣ
ڳүӡ
Сѣſվأ
Сѣ
ǲǷѶ϶
æӳͿſڵӡ
ãǷѶ϶ࡣ
Ѷ϶˵ĻҲ֪˭
үһȥкˡ
Сѣ
үǳȦӾߡ
үүⲻǷѶ϶࣬ѡ
Ůô˵үһ㡣
ȻеʧСѵҲǺõġ
СѵѣҲǿ͡
ӱߣ߱߻ſڡ
үӻͷŸղ˵СӣһЦ
СӣҲ
СӵƢЦҡͷ
˴үһŶأ

һ˵Ѷ϶˵Ҫ
ﲻܶɣ
Բ١
Ҫ٣˿
ǸǴĵ𣿡
ȻȷҪһ¡
ΪѶ϶˵¸Ǵġ
ǣϴڻǴģλͬ־ǸǴġ
һڴصӡ
ǣǴǻˣ
ѺõСԭɡ
Ǹҽаã
ãҽ񡣡
֣ʶ

лл
үߡ
үȻ˵ʲôҲ˼ҵĺ顣
Ŵ͸ԺһСߺĻס
ΪŴˡ
ųķˣ֪˳ԲԵϰⷹˡ
ҲУҲУţҲУش䣬Ӧû⡣
ŴôһֹҲ˵
ඣ
һɤʵС
Է׼ԷССѵѺȾ𣿡
ү飬ϲ˺Ⱦơ
һãȻ֪ү˵ʲôһֱ΢Ц
ǾүӴƿס
ˣӦòܺȾơ
ӦǸճС硣
ãǾͲȣС
үӿǣ֪ôƺ
үүа
֣Цųүӵͷ
С
үΪˣôƺ
С
С
С
ĸҲĸҲ˳졣
үӵͷЦ˼ҲñŤ
֡ر𣡡
ҶүҲ
һƺϲӸС֣ԵС
СֶҲӵġ
ⲻеѡ
ǸСǵķˣҲ֪ԲԵϰߣ
С
үƺ档
ųͺͺݶ̲ס졣
λүүǹͣƷʳ
԰롣
ллҺϲʳҲԹΣζܰǿȰٳԣʲôʳ
ͬ
ľ
Ѷ϶Ǹ˶ٶ
á
ͷͰվ
˸ŵģݺųҲվ
ԱôˣҪԷ˶
үΪҪߣеⲻȥ
³ԷжȰ
ôһ˵үӾͿġ
СһˣܲԷߣ
úãʲôһᡣ
үֺǡ
Ҳ֪
ҡͷүҲɻ
˵䣬ݺųѾˡ
һѣʲô
ų͹ֽУ֪²
˴š
ſڵ·ͣһڽγ·ڴӡ
Ӷأ
װˡ
ͷۣ
߿Ų٣Ҫǰ꣬һҶñץ
˵ЩʲôǺܶ
ԵүӣҲüͷ
Щʲô
үʰ
ֻòĿү΢Ц
̧ȥ˵
ԶԣҹԱ˵û̧˵
ү֪ŮĹǡ
ȻھƺתǲòСģүӡ
˴ˣΪϸ

497

ֶ࣬һ˾ͰѼ̧Ժ
үӱΧӴת
Щ÷ɻģ
үӲ룬ЩӴӴԶĹ˹ûѶǮ
û
Ȼ֪үӵ뷨
ǷѶ϶˴ġ
Ͻ˷ѶǮСӸǮ
үŮô˵;Զǧ֮Сرá
˰Ѷˣ˷ôҲҪˡ
˷ѶǮ
Ѷ϶Ͷǳ˷
Ϊ˰ģ˰
⻰ðȾᡣ
˷ѣ
ʲô
˷ѣһ˶ˡ
Ȼ
ү
ԱҪǮ
үĵ֪˷Ѳˡ
ãѶ϶ึˡ
һ˵үӶСѵϲﶥ㡣
С⺢´Ժõġ
ĿѿүӴʳдСѡ
ү˵Ŀģųͺͺȴ˼
ûôͨ򵥵Ľû⡣
˵ˣɻ
ΪѶ϶ݣûǡ
ˣһʱе㷴Ӧ
С㣬ҪҪ鿴

ϲ˶ˣ뷹ٲҲ١
Է˵
үӷ⻰˵ĺʱ
żٲ衣
ôһ˵Ҳû
ֻǣעͱϿɿڵķˡ
үӾͿġ
СǸԵġ
СλСͬ־ȳԷ
㰢һͬСҲһͬ÷
Сţ⣬˰
үøɾӣͣвˡ
˵õĻͦ
ԷҲܽӵǽӣһһԵǽһ㣡
һٷԵͽԻǺݺųͣҲܺͰļ䡣
Ϲء
үԳݲ衣
Ĳ裬˫ð⡣һȾƵġ
ȣ
ԭûøеүӣҲƢ
Сѿ϶ҲǸĺӡ
үӻѶ϶ࡣ
һԺȲүЦţȴ˼
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ڴҵĺУĶҲ¶
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ʱֻһ˵û뵽ϣת۾͵ҡ
Ѷ϶Ȩһ棬ܿɹġ
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ռ棬İá
ɴʲôʱû˼
ǴӸʱȥ𣬻ǸЩһʱҲ벻
ӣһԵģһϺÿȣ䶼ǹ棬ڼͼͻ
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ι˭
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498

ã𣿡
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⺢̫ôԶ·ôණƷˣɲ´Ρ
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˵˼ϲѶࡣ
񾲾үӺͷѶ϶࣬
ү֪绰ŮҪ£ûġ
Ѷ϶绰Ҫȷһ͵ﵽû
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Ļ
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ʲôʱȥ㡣
û뵽Ļ֮ô
ʱ仹ûã֮ڻȥһˡ
ãҵ㣬ǵǰ֪ͨҡ
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ѽ̫Ưˡ
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Ǹö

˱߲߷ָ̾
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ָүӣүӺҶүһһ
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ͬѧкû򣬺УҴҵˡ
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УһѾ˵Żͷĺˮ
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˺ܿ쵽칫ңսžͱǵӾ
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ǰͷң㲣Ѫ˿˫˾ġ
̡壬ôˣǲʧˣ
Ž⻰ŷӦ
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ߣߡ
ǣлú˵ú˵
У⸱ӣΪ־壬Ͻſڡ
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⻰
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㲵ݶ
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뵽ˣУҲ뵽ˣϽÿ
ˣǸϽǸϽ
Уˣ˳칫վſڡ
ãҹȥһ¶
˵ߣǽš
գ۳УţУͷĺ
ˣϣû¶
УҲسǣĴζûˡ

499

˺ܿ쵽˰԰
гǸţ񲻵ò򿪰԰š
ҽȥöϾͳ
ſڵţûȥ
ܿ죬ҽҩ
ϳ
һ򿪳ţֱϼʻҡ
㲻֪ط
ô˵Ҳû
죬ֶ룬ݲóһ
ϳǿͬͼ٣ٶȲһ졣
վںͬڵ٣Զȥĳһᡣ
Ȼתͬ
˺һᣬʲ˵
żˡ
壬ʲô
ĳǿٿס̡
񿴲顣
Ҳȷʵǵǡ
Ǽ˲ˣӣ
뵽⣬ͻȻþöûϢΩϣ
Ωϣ
Ϊ˵ʱɳƵ
Ωϣ
Ωϣ
ˣû뵽
ת䡣
ǵӣ˵Σ
˰ء
ԳǵĵλھʲôĴ벻
ϧһУȥѧУһˣΩϣĺֹܲۡ
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Ǹ٣ŰԼɻˣ
񲻸롣
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Ωϣ⣬һкøеѡ
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еж᲻ᵯֻδĴ
ǼҲ˽⣬Ӣۡ
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š
ûպǻҳ
³ҽҩͳ߶ߡ
ãᡭ
ʤһѽӹӣܡ
׼ˣˣˡ
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˵ߵĴȥ
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˵ŰҪæ󿪡
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ɫƣݵ࣬Ωϣ
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壬ֻ¡
ʱǰ۾ʱˣ
¼ˣ
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ǰڵ
ֱøϵۣǰȥ
ʤӿǽǣӿ޵ĸ
ǰӣȥҿΩϣϵı
񡭡Ҹˣ˿ڿڶˡء
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һ㿴ǸȻϸģϤס
ģֻһǼܶһƤѡ

500

ᣬͷ˿ĳǡ
ˮٵһˮ
úãȥ׼
˵ţһСӣĨܳȥ
ȥڴߣΩϣְ
˰һ˿
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лл
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ʱǳǡ
УԿ⡣
ǻһԿףŷתͳŶ
ҪҪЩ
ûʲôʤôһʣͶӶ
ʲôԵģ
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ҹԲܶŶӡ
С
ʤͷȻҲ벻ʲôԵġ
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ȥ
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⻰ʤӵһͬ
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501

ʱʤš
ڴͷʱʱǩպˮΩϣ촽
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Ҫ͵͵ÿռȪˮŲס
ղſΣĻð
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񿴿ϵˣ̾˿
ˮҩ
ϵ˶ˣҩܲܺȥ˵



502

ãȥ
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504

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505

Ͻȥ˯ᣬϡһԡ
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506

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507

𣿰ˣ
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508

Ωϣܲ˵
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510

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ãȹȥ
˵Ҳȥ׷Ǳߡ

511

³ˡ
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װǲܵˣ
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үǸˡ
ôߵģѡҲûʲôʱ䣬ͰˡΪʲôôɫ򵥣Ŵүү˼ҡ


ҹԱ˵ûҡ
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513

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Ŀǰɵ顣
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ССһҵѣִƣѵã

еҪ
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У¶ԼŰţҲΪ㡣иӴ磬øҵ룬ҲУεش󣬱ȥ
Ϊѣźվ̳
⡭
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ȥûԷߡ
Ϊ¶࣬ûʱԷ
óȥεӣȴˡ
үһûвˣڼѹΣ
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λˣæ¡
һȥһ˳⣬Ҫ԰Ҳ²٣ֻ硣
ԱҪҪЩҩ
үż嵥һһ
ãҪһ׼
㿴үүⵥϻȱȱʲô
үӰѵӸŮ
Ȼ֪ȱʲôΪռﶼСĿһ顣
үүĺܵˣҺȫ
Ůô˵үɸˡ
үү룬˴
ĵʱһߡ
үүõģǱ߱һ·ȥȱʲôǡ
ϣôû뵽˲ˣ
ү͵Դô
˶࣬㿪ŷٿȥ
ĵ࣬ʰһͳš
һ˵򵥣ȴÿĽ
һɫװСſ㣬ƽ׼ͷƤЬ
°Եȸ޳
Ժ¶ϸ۵쾱ÿ
һɫķƤİֲʧ
սŮдżְ
үӿŮǽ
Աھͳȥ
ţսܳٵҪᰫһͷ
ûε¶ս
ûҵĹԱŮ
ү⻰ļˡ
үүŮˣ㱨ս
ȥȥɣҹԱһ׼ȫʤ
žڵһҡ
ڵѾԻˣӺԡ
磬Ҳһޡ
Ҫţ
ڵ־ʡ
ţиҪμӣ
˵ţӳһţ̣ǹڵ
Ѵӹģøӳԡ
ǰξϵģûؼҡ

514

Уûؼүүʯͷԡ
ǻûţ̿඼ǹڡ
ڵ֪ⶫˣ벻ա
ŲҪˡ
˵ڵϹЦЦϳ
ڵŶһ˼
пȥ
ã㣡
˵һһӻ֣㿪ˡ
ǰ࣬Ӧ꼶ҲԣӦѧɫ
ڵ˵ţĶ˳
񱻷ֵ⽻ֵܷӣܾˣȻûȥ
ڵ˵ţĽ
˳ЩҲ˵
ңҲϰࡣҵô󣬻ʲôడ
ڵ˵ӡ
Ͽҵشļ⣬Ĭֻǡ
¶˵ӣ˵˶ʶ
ɵ͵ԡ
ʲô͸ʲôɵҲûǿˡ
ϰ¶˵
Ըȥϰ࣬үҲ֧ŮԱҲû취
һ·ĵ׼ʱݡ
ѾſڵţϽӭȥ
С㣬
磬鲻ɶ࿴ۡ
룬ÿ
лл飡
¥
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һ£λ⽻ίԱ顣
Ȼû񣬵Ҳʶ
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˹һλҪضԴΪҪºǽ̸
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˵Ѷ϶岻ôԶ
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ûߴһ³Ϳͷ֮ĺ顣
ӾòֵܳķѶ϶ࡣ
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εļƻֵӳ١
ָˣַѡ
ңүӻûȥ˯ڵŮ㱨ս
Ա̸ô
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úãһȥɱСѵȵȾˡ
ôãѶ϶ܳ衣
ѵһĵλҪ

515

үҲˣҹŴڶҪóԵġ
үеڴ£ڶ
ԱˣȥСѡ
ǵһүôŮΪΪȥӱ˽еġ
ϴ꣬ӿռүС
֨
Ա㶼ˣ
үӿ鲻
ʰˣүүżȥӷѶ϶ࡣ
ѵüүôģȻҪϡ
úãȥأó緹
ʹ˼ȸ̿̿鳤ȹͷ˸黨裬ϴŲЬͳš
Сʱ͵˹ݣѶ϶ѾվڴſΡ
ʶĳֱͣǰû֡
Ѷ϶ࡪ
ͷ͸ʻĴͿ
ǰһ
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˵žš
õˣ
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ЦĺܲãҲܺá
ҪҪȥʰ
ãѾʰˡ
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ǻؼңүүڼҵ㡣֪˵Ķû˯á
Ҳ
Ѷ϶˵ЦҲϲүӡ
үүôУǵĻ
̲ס
үү
ҶҶ
үү
Ҷү
үү
үү
Ѷ϶ܱ׼ѧүүҲˡ
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СˣС𣿡
Ѷ϶ԥ³
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ȥүӾͽүү
ɰүӽпˣ
ڣүүڣúӿݡ
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СŸϽ쿪Сѻˣ
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ԱҲүүСѷ뷭롣
룬ǲĵͦõŷ룿
˳үȥ
ԱС˵漸죬øһȥΡ
ү뷨ͦã
޻˵ʵ롣
ԣ̫ˣȥķ羰ӦǸ;
Ѷ϶ԥǵĶ顣
úãȳԷ극ٸСʰ
үǶమʰ
ŷѶ϶յôҲҪϢղ̡
˭룬Ѷ϶ǻż
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үӣүӣҶүӣүλˡ
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үӸСһ˵ڳϻЦ߸衣
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ʱʱҲһ裬үǻЦѡ
˵Ѷ϶ͳر
ңʺϳ衣
Ǿͳ˾˸ڱɽʡ
Ϣ򵥳˸緹ŸȥһľСԭ
࣬Ǳ㵽˵һվĿĵأСԭ
˵СԭһɲС
ﻹԭʼòûбҲûбռá
һĺԭ£Զм񣬲ԭϡϡɢŲ
ӦǾʣԲԣҰãã紵ݵţ
ïĲݣֱСȶӸߡ
ŸɫҰߵģģƵģġ
ԶһɫͲʻ
ãû뵽֮껹һˣ
үӼãʱҲϴûԭ
ǳڣ೨Ҳ̹
ү³ȥԭĵĺӱߡ
ͣóó;ߣ񣬴Ҷָɻ
λүҲȥԭ
Ѹ磬Ҳȥ档
ʯͷŷѶ϶ͳүȥ
λ˯ˡ
֧񣬱֤ס
Աүү㡣
үԶԶ֡
Ļ˼ͣСӾȥӱߡ
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ˡ
˵ţλÿһ͡
һѶ϶ࡣ
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Ѷ϶ûⶫʹá
ָֻ

516

һվȫ硣
㣬㣬㣬Ŵ˸顣
ԭΪѶ϶Բϰߣû뵽Եı˭ãθڴ󿪡
Ψһһ㣬ÿеϰߡ
ã׼˵档ƫҪÿӳԷҲǱŤ
Ұǡ
Ҳ䣬ȥӱϴԺ󣬾Ϣ
λ˺ʯͷס
ָԼ֧һСˣһסһ
ͨ͸˯Ұ⣬ˬ
һ˯ر
ڶ죬򸽽˼ƥ˴졣
緹үӺ񻹲ߡ
סһ
ڲԭסϣϣǲ·
Աȥ
үڿ
Ȼ棬ܣˣ
λүӺŲ裬
˵ʱ׸ʱƣҪô»壬֮ǲġ
һվȥٲ
ٲֻٹң緹ǰܵ
ٲ˵׳ۡ
үź˵
׳׳ǿ֪󡣡
ү˵䣬һ塣
Ѷ϶һԿĽζ
壬͹淨һ֪⣬رԡ
ż㼸λүӹС
ʮһң㵽˷ٲ
ٲȻ鴫ٲָֿߣǳ׳ۡ
緹ϢһȥȥԶıɽׯҹ
ͣͣĺþĿ
ȥ˻ʼ԰֣Ȫӣķ
ȥɽɽ£̨ӣǺ
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뾩ٶ๫һСׯڣͣô³׼緹
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үӳͲżȥſˣż
ؼܸϳүүҪǾסһҲС
Ҫˡ
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ȥӱ߿û㣿
үӿӾϲһ·ûٵ㡣
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Сѣ͡
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仰˵Ĵ࣬Ѷ϶
áүү
Ѷ϶൥֣˵ĻС
ҲСӣȥӶ濴ܲڵҰˡ
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ȥɣСĽߡ
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ɿ׿ĺӣȥ˶֡
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֣߱ߵͷϸҰ˵Ӱӡ
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ǰʮ״Ĵ棬һŮ˵С
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ҡ
ô²ȥ֣
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أҲѡ
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ѵ㲻𣿵ˣغͼҵңһҾͿԹһˡ
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Ҫٵȼ죬ˡ
ǲӲأûô׶ҩҸ㣬ԼŰ졣
ʹɱﵡ
飬Ļ𣿡
飡
ϧˣ
Һݣֻǲˣǲܹӡ

ֵģ
飬ǡ
ȥǴ壬ȥᡣ
м黰ﶼ˷ܡ
飬һҪ
ģôҲҪȥһ̣ϾǺֵܡ
˵ЦЦŶ˶ġ
ı껵£ȥ
Ķ
ĺݺ޶һѲݡ
ԶȥıӰҲԲߡ
¼ȻˣͲܲܡ
ҲûҰˣתͳ֡
ӣүںӱĵ𾢶СҲ˺ü
Աôˣôˣ
ŮֻһҰˣһˣүӸϽġ
²ӺСүԡ
үүҸղˡ
Ѹղſһ˵һ顣
үƵˣҲ޳ܵ㡣
Ϊˡ
үͣںӱȥ

517

زǺӽڣ
ү
˵֣Ӧû
ϻƣߣǽһȦ
үϻƣȥ
һԵķѶ϶಻ԣһ
ҲǸֵģʯͷ͸żλүӽˡ
񲻷ģҲŹȥ
С˽˴壬˺شǣҪǿѶ϶ࡣ
𷢱ۣúʹҲһ
ʱ򣬺ܶ˶ûˡ
ϸ磬ڼôߣ
ϸˮˣүӾȥ·
ڰǺӿܲˣ
ˮ̲סҡͷһϧ
ɳҩˣܺ
Ҳ̲סͬڴֵܡ
Ǹʲôˡ
ԣ˵ˣǹ
ү˵治ɫһ
ҲãǺӺãôȥ˿ϧ˳ǰߣǸҹգֵڶҾǡ
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˳˼ָ·ҹգֵͣڶҴſڡ
ԺʰúܽգľҲš
Ӧû
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˵һƯŮŮɫÿһЩ
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š
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˳òүӾÿϧ̲ס̾
ʱأû顣
ӱ£ǲǻˡ
үôˣڸŵͷ
úӣ˵ĻһҪͦס
ү˵꣬Ҳ۾档
ģڴССһнŮ˺һм˺ϼƣ˵Ҫ¶ڡҽ뺦ں󣬴żҵͶĺӸ顣⺢ҲǼģô˵𣿡
ϣھȻûһ㷴Ӧ
ӣǱʶ¶˾ͲܲܡҸͨŶӣǧҪСİ
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š
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ʲô
үΪԼˡ
š˵ĻҲ֪ǡһȡ
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⺢ӣ֪ôţǽҪ㡣
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⡭ģҲǡǺġ
⻰Ϣɴˡ
⺢ҩ
ã
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ѣھӾû֪Ҳû˵
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á
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ɶ¶˵

518

ӶʮǮ
ǡ
ͷһˣǵĴ峤ǣ˶йԽԽãҪˡ
˵أŮǮֿŤͷܳȥˣܱߺ
峤ˡ
ܳȥߺ߽УֻԽԽĽŲ˵߹
ʮӲһ˽ڼԺӡ
ôˣǲڡ
ͷ˵еӦǴ峤Ϊڲˣ鱯ˡ
ɿڣͣ»һš
ںõģô˵
峤תͷͺǳղȥ˵ĸŮ
ҡǣǡ
ŮܵһʱҲ˵
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ô᣿š
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ӿͲǸõġ
ڰװס
۷׷ף̱ڵأɫɷ׵Ľָָ㡣
Ƕ֤ԭ·ڴϢСһнŮ˺һмıҪԡ
үϸİ龭˵һ顣
Ժ˺޲ùȥ
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