صС˵www.527txt.com ȥС˵
½Դ磬ȨԭУԤ

С˽ߣɽо
컢ɽһзϰΪڰ꣬ǵسС˽ǡ
ǶϿ㣬ΪļҹƵһܡ
ܳ⡢ܺȾơܶǮܴܡթ֮ʮɳ˱ܵġ
Ҫѧ̵汾£Ͳķţķӣһգߣ

⡣
ǣԣȫţ⣿
Ǯ
ǣԣһȥ
Ⱦơ
ǣԣֻͬҺȡ
زپҵ
ɣԣﻹȤڿȥŴġ
һҪѱŮԼȥĹ¡
1V1he
˫ȫŹӣվ˳ϵսµ˳ӼбرֵӵС
ŮʵòزƥĹ߼ɳˣͨթƱһ⡣

ݱǩ ж 
ؼ֣ǣУ  ǣ  
һ仰飺㣬̻
⣺ɲǼ
1435 ǰղ2159 ӪҺ571 »֣42,990,232


1.  ̿   ˣһҪ

ҹ
ڵȴ

ݶϣèһƣݼڻסΡ
ݶԱһøߴҶѾȫƣ紵ɳɳ죬һƮ䣬ϡ
¾㱸ֻĵ

ּżţֵĺӶѾ˯ˣֻʣżһС
Ҫȵ˻û

Ѿˡ
ҹ뿪ţؼҵıؾ֮·

ڣֵľͷյ
ţԼʯ

һ֧ӣǰ̴ΪǰϴżУһַһŵ
ĹâڵϣϵĽ·ɼǽҵա
Ҹ֮¡

֮ƥͨѩ׵ĸͷŻƽף뾱½Դźӧ
ƥһԴʾֽӣÿһӿڴǶһԲֹıʯжеϸ۲죬Ǻ챦ʯ

Ǯ


ս˵̧
ķ˿΢΢

滹ʮټϳһǶʮˡ
С˼

һ紵Ҷ֦ͷƮ䣬Ž׹ȥ
ҶƮǸ˲䣬ǰĸһϸġ
ĳƮ֡
Ȼһɾ档

д̡
ǰγ˵һ󵶳ѹסǵĵ棬ҲѹסͷµǸ֡͡

󵶱ߣгߣ˫С
޴ѹǵȻֱۣ˫յ˫סһƺߣײԼؿڣ˫˫Ѫ

Ŷ롣дڣҸ

һѪ֪Ϊδġ
˿һΪĸȡʱ䣬бΧס

ϵӡ
ĵġ͵ĵƹ⣬ճ忡ŵüۡ

һʮӣһţҲׯͦΣû뵽컢ɽɡ
ϴɫ۷дģ۽㣬Ʒٵķɫ

һƷֻԱ̫ʦ̫̫߽ΣƷλ˳
ôƷٳֻһǾǽǡ

һҪλã˵ҲҪʮ꣬˭˼ǽҵӣ
һ˾ƷټϽӭµƽ֮ʵ̫ᣬ⵽һƷҲû˻⡣

ʱϻһ飬δ£ûһ˿߻ţ·ͻĲһ̿ͣһֻ·СҰè

ǡޱٵԾ
ýٷġ
ټгڹָͷҪҪҹУùңҾͷߡ

󵨿ͽһȣӵ

иûаǷ
ЩװҲʹʹʹӣססûá
ķɣնϣ㸿סȣҲ޷赲һǰԽԽ

޹װҲ޹ؼգµĽҸǰСӵΪǵ̫Сˡ

ھֻһ֮ңľһ׳˶ĸ˫յ񺰣
յ̧ȣһѡ
Ŀ񺰱һһߵ֣˽ģһˡ

еĸ㶡
иԪ߰˳ߣʮһߵ÷ɳȥӣһֻݡ

ΧڵеǸŮ߻Ԫţͷһֻβһ˫Բ۾ǱߵĴ󵶣ѾһǳԵڼС

ɾһСһŰѸԪ߷ˡ
ǡʲô

ᣬ󡣡
ﴫǵ
Զ򶨡ƽȡκһ˸Ǿġ

вط֣ԭʲôõĸǱעĳصȻ֮俪ʼְ
ÿһѵĽǶȶõ꣬м仹аûһʱæȫǿŵϵѹסǡ

󡣡
ڣٴοڡ

иոһƣǵĵһ䡣
ˣǸͻȻ嵶ǿʼתĳֲ
ʮ˺ˣ˰һ˽һˡˣеĴǵ½ǶûɨС

Ӵǡ
һδڣβϧ˷ܡ
ľͷˡ
ּܴ˼

ꡱһ£󵶴зֳأһ̵һ
һʹһʹȺУ֮

۵ǻֽţס˵סס˹סǿס˵»һȣʱкü˱߷ɳȥ

ףᡣ
еٶȴ

У
ÿһһǲ֪˵ʲô
˵˻ва磿

ûлش𣬿ʼͷ顣
Уˣ

ǵжٴ˱仯ͼǽ˵Ĺɣֻ֮ͷۻһ˽ϵĹ˳֮С
ֻǴ򲻹򲻹ȴҲκβ˻С
֪䣬ߴˡңҲ㡰ƽ֡

˲ˣ
аرһϣ³ΪһѴ󵶣һ裬ΧĸɨһƬյء

Ƿ飬ˣ
һ㶣ʲô
ҪɱңֱӴݶһԾ£Թı£һɾն˳㽫ն롣ƽͣûôȻɱҡôңԵΣ

ȡдӻͳһţݳȥʲôҪʦʦı£Ҳ

һӹţ͵ڡ
һϵּ߰˷֡

дġ
ýӺΪȵۻʺ󣬺Ϊµ۷糤顣
ڽԪڣ뿪˾ǣ֮µҲ֮뿪һȥ˱

Ӻ˵һֱܱţͷ糤ļ
Ƿ糤ʦãʮ£Ҳ£սһϲͨ
صذнǣڰ֮ڣ̻ỨսԱΪ˴αһԱͽ

кǣѸԪӵϷԼˣ

Աͳһظŭԣ˭Լˣ

ĵرԺǷԸе롣
Աͳһ᣺Լˡ

գк
һϳͷֳź̺ӣȫ豭Թ̶档ڳ͵Ĺ⡭

Բӻᷢ⣡
ĸڴСеʲôӣ
ҹ顣δʦѧɡ

һùɣҪһӶԲԣеʮּ
ǳ췭˸ۡ
ҹֵǣһӣһҹĩ򲻵

νûдɣΪи˵꣬Ȼʹӳ̽ͷȥҹȥճϵĴ
£ǶھıʯڵĹ⣬ˡ
Ǻ챦ʯ
ǽɫǻƽ𰡣

жְΣسڣһݵؿŽǣʦҪ컢ɽһҪġ

Ĺâ£ż

пĽëŨܣȻ̣ͶһƬŨصӰ
Ǵɩĸ磬ʹɩм

ɩòҾ徣⼸񣬾㹻ýǵɫˡ
ϣ̫˷ˡ

оʦˣҪǴ컢ɽҲҪġ





2.  ҹ   ôֻ

Ӻݻ𣿡
Ժ鷿Уʡ
˵õʱͣԭʮ忡ü۸һ֮⣬һ鱻Ĵĥ

ãõòˣȫɩģѺǷݡ
һ°͵Ÿһ涫

鷿ܴıȫܣȭľ׮ľһ㴿ĹȻõúڿ졣

ʱ򣬴ɩ˵һܳĽţѵõȫţڳҲְְݲ˵žǱָʹ
⼴ǵİȫǷĹϽ֮¡

жڱжûʲô֪ʦֻΪǩ飬ɩ˵ѧ͵ѧ
ֻнԼԹˣ֪ɩ˵û

ʦôģָӸʱ߶ʲô䷨𣿡ʮֺ棬ֳڼϴսǸ½в

ǿûлش
дУջ컢ɽϵĶҡ
µ۷糤ͬţө󣬸ĸ꣬޴ӵ֪ϲɣԼʮꡣ

ֻǣǰֻðƴ۾ԲԲ޽ë׵أȥֻʮꡣ
ӺݰǸԼҪõϢԴ

һ̲ðôǸסĺӣһȦһȦÿһ涼вϸС֮ڶ鷿ʮͻأ

΢΢üá

ֻðջȻš
ܹ鷿ûҲûеӣϯӡ
д𵶣һţһţͼֹõǵȷ£
ɽҰ䳤󣬲֪ǸʲôǹϯϣԼĺŸϣѧˣǹ

ӺûµͰڽǰдšƴӣ޻ڡǻеǩֻѺ
Ӻݰ£ˮ©
ǰһֻСޣδʶΪѷҪ̵Ҫ

ǵ̣ܽҪĹأΥ档

еͷǣʦ
ȥܹԵӡ

Էһ㣬һʦөөˣֻһƾЩ΢֮þӸλȴөȼ硣ԣҪʦҷӼɡ

Ȼǳͷô𣿡

ǣ
өǴеĻɣʮǰҲҪһɡ֪ιʣһԵ񲻼ѡ

ȥùѧúѧϰϻٽսԡ

ãʣʲôط

̫ѧáǵҳ̻֮ء

ôҳ˵ǰͷҪͷ˲ǲѧġ

ңɫǰĻô
΢һ࣬ӸλѹȻ

аȡ̯֣Ƿӣ˵㡣
Ȼʣⷿͦ󰡣סĶӱǿ湻Զģһ·ͣ˾Ϊ㣬ҲûԺá

ûʲô飬ίʵˡ
û£ӦõģҶӶˣгԵûУ

ǿίˡǵĵһأǽʳ

һһ˫۾Ҷˣ
˶˾͵óԶ쾭¡
ô˶ţ
̫˰ɣ

ǹء
Ƿ͵ǰҪǲԸĹأҲҽ̵ңԱɡ

ŻãվвŷøߣԼŵļ
û̧Ҳûһ˿ŭĪһ˵ƣûоԼְһͷ

£òͷ
ʶġ

ѧҵǰֻίһٺúüݡ
㣬Ӿϴ󣬲ԾͲ԰ɡ

ǻ˹ܼɣɣŻȥ᷿ЪϢ
ǽսϻС

Ըܹ㲻ľ
ӺݿеλͯҲûôѽ̡

*

îʱ糯ʱ컹û
ʱǻ˯εУһ쵱ʱ

۾ͷ
Ϊͼ徻Ժ˿⾫ɣԺճҲ̣ʱɣӦڲˡ
ɣڡ

ˣңң
ƺǣ

ԺĳڶϽϣһƬԼһƬ֡
ֻɺףƽɺڳвӯ潪һ빼ͷ
ֿտֻײӰ

һɲԤУӿŲԺ⡣

˿ĲһأһֽŸ˿һ𣬿Ų
ͬģһֻɺס˽Ű˳϶ʵʵŲ

˺ͺ׼ӣ޷Ķȫͳһʼ䶯졣

Ȱɣˣô£
죬ӿȥӰɣֱҪӰˣ

ɫһ䡣

һ񣬹ڳŨصˮտˡ
԰ëˡ

𰸰ֻʵɺס
ɺƴ

ס֣
ǳڸʲô

磡ЦУͷȻģսÿһ缡ڷ⣬Ժëһ̲źðΡٺ٣ãԺҴôֻ񣬻ͦʣֻһһ졭
Լ˵ˣ˿ڿˮҪɺ̡

һѶӰ˵ӰӰһδİŷˡ

ֿϧͼȥ׷ֻǵױȲ˼ҳģʱճ̾㣬ôֻ񰡣뿾ӳԵģ

һ£ɫࣺ

*

жӶһû˯ã첻ˡ
ԺĴ֮൱ܵѵ磬׼緹

һ룬зСһ룬峴һ룬мСˣģɹ
ұԺĴ͵Ĺ񣬲˵ʢˡ

Ի˵һҪĶ
Ǿ⣬⣬Ⱑ

ľûԣò˻ˣ

ɣرʾСﲻзۣз⣬һʾзǴӽص˹ģʻƺһ굱óԵʱ

ǿЮһȻãһζ⣿춼
ȻŵѧͽԾȻʹӵˡ
Ǿ͵ʳ
Ȼһ԰ͿֻȻԵõˮᣬҲˣһʹš

ǵ汿
ип

ɣ֣Ӿ֣ףƴֹС
ȻԶ׼

ûʲôȴűҳԵĸɨˣаְŵĶӵһߡ

¼˭ֹһϵĻгأ

ҲûǶã뿾ͷǵġ˵Ļôֻ񡭡
˵ûûˣء

ǣ
ڿʼԵӺǿú̵ܽ⣬һ̿ī

ΪǾԼˣҪѵһ١
ǾȻû˵̣дĽ֮Ŀġ
ܺãǸͨʦ

ʩʩȻ׼ȥԳԣȻǵվס

վסţ
ǽֽǽϣˡ

ʶޣһһһʳʳʲô

ҹ档˵̣ܽҪĹء

е۾һһŴԲ







3.     ˷ô죿

ꡱһ죬иڱسƴһ𣬵ֱڽʺ
սģ֪һҳˣڷͷж𣿡

ǣǲѧҾͲҹ

رƨ£ŭҿͲǰɣϾͲóԣ컹óԣǲңȻͲýˣ

Իߣǡšʡ¡Ҳǰ÷עܷıͷܸڣܹϣ
ĵо͸ھߣɫ糣ΪҪҪѧڸ֮ʲôֱ𣿷μȡŷڣȡŷڣκ£ˣֺΪ

еͫ׿ʼɢһ֮˦˦ͷ˵ˡ

ǿмһľ̾˿ѧԼԼԼĲ¡Լ˲£ԶҲ޷ΪһĽ졣ҪϵĵһΡ

⻰˼ǺԸӡɫÿһ㣺ûߣ

ңΪҺô̲ס̾һһӺУұ㲻̣ܲǲ̣Ҷֱ棬ز˷ʱ㡣

дݳţĿ⿴ȥǼᶨ˵ѡ

ʳ
һʹԣǽɣ

ǣǽɡ

е֪÷ˣеĶӲϷҧһ㣺ңŲ濳ȥΪһⰤһֵɣ

ֱĿƽȵò񻰡

ѵͲ£˹ˣѵʲôʱſһƬˡ

ѵһٽɣǵʵ۵ҲĶ֡⵶Ҫʱܿ

ΪҲҿ

ῳӺݼˣܳΪĴ󽫡

кʼգһŭղߣҲͣÿһ仰ܰµġ
ҧһ/вУ

ǣ£ҹ漴ּۻۡ

ιҶʼּۻˣͲܸһ̨£½쿪һҲ

ʱкȻǵ͵һ
Ȼֿ̧סļ磬ѸٽԱһ

Բۣ˵Ų£ԭһֱ׼ͻȻѣ
кݺ˦ǣҪӵһɫȻһ˿졣

ǹƿ֮

ٿػͷ

ʱǱһ֧ڵļͷ̴ͷһƷ˿ڿƮ䡣
ǽƿ֧ᴩԴ

һ˦ѾĽƿһպƵ֧ϡ

һӳͼĿ֧֧̫ˣǣֱ򽪰ȥ
Ǳ޿ɱܡ

ǣ
ǣ

еһײһһɴδйġˮһ
Ǻִˡ

ȴ·ôܸɳֶ𱨵£

˭ļ
ŭݣ𵶾תȥˡ

Ȼתڰ;
Ϊơһ죬Ǽ
۽⣬ֽ˸ʲô

͵ػͷֻǰȻһѵĵʡ
ĵ̫أѧ˼˫ķӣѵʹ̶ڱֱ
Žʱ򣬾Ȼϰһѡ
֧ھڵԵΪʢߣס֧


̲סΪһڡ

ǰѼȡ˳ʵݻУֱʦ䣬ʮȦ
нӹʣʹʹأգû⡣

ǣȹ¡

ƫͷ߽ˡ
ͺͽǲ󣬴һǳɫۣһ˫һۡһŹͨȾźᣬԻƽǣ׺Աʯʮֻ
г˵㣺



ڻѾ൱ӵĴкˣȻûʽģ̲ס´
һͷβͷһҴŵѣø߸ߵģ°۽ﻹִһ󵶣ôôһСˡ

̾˿ְסеԴһͷڡ
һ汻ţһʣǺôɱɣ
үȻշġ˵շ͸սĺر𲻶Ը

ǿȥһ뷭۵ĳ嶯үԼˡȥɡ

пǣٿ
ֵʱţðѴ󵶸齪ǲšʱˡ

ǺǺǺǣᣬᣬʦģõʦҸղǡ˵ܲţǸӿšˣȻӣӣôһֻ

ʮȦǴĻͷ

У
ôǼ۵ģ

Ҳûж˵һ֣˵תͳȥˡ

ô£죬ӰǱȥˣе£ҹһΪ㱻ɱǣԺӿɴûСģ

̾һү£ʱܼ棬ֻΪаɡ
û˵꣬дͥǰܹŲӯ̬ɣٽصĵϣ
һغȵվס

еܻӣզˣ
̲סЩͷۣڸʲô

Ȧ

ǣôܵģ

¡

ǸͷԺܡ

еˣ֪Ժж磿
Žǵɫ񲻴ãǹɵأա
ͷȥˡ

ԶȥıӰٿǣƵصô

*

жŶ˶ʮȦȰ඼ˡ
зСһһһת۾ûˡ
ɣʮвڸ˿ӡ

ɣҳԱô

պϰɡ̾
зⲻ⣬û⣬ԶٶûʲôտҲ

ɣзԸ극ط¡

£
ʲô£

ܿдˣɣһʽַ̻нͷӷ٣ȻŻгš

ݵѾſͣˡ
ϳͼǺѾڳڡ
ǽûһٷǻһԲۣڣϵһмͷ
Ĵ磬ͨһӺ֮ΪñֻһڣԵüī

ʣȥĶ
ǣá

У˵ٵҪϳ㲻𣿡
ǣ١

۲ٺ»
򳵴⣬Բˡ

оÿԼ֮ǰΪ˵ģȡһ͵ǸǻҲǹ˦ǱߵģΪҪ

ͷҲûء

У
⡣
ʦѧͷһͰѷӵô죿





4.     һ֪ҵݣ

̫ѧá
̫ѧԿͿƿˣΪĹ٣ͨѡΣΪ١

Ρ¥ϣǶͷ˸ҫ۵Ľ⡣
ʶǣī˽ۣ

̫/ʡǵֲһ䣬öն

ŶӦţ룬Ҹºڷ֮ʱ˭֪Ҷģ˵Ҳදÿֻعһͺá
ţôؾˡ

ãȥϿΡ
ýڼļ֮ΪƼ׼˵Ϊеһ

Žȥõļƴˡ
·Ͼһǵ̫ѧѧͷһǰݿʥˣҪݼʥˡҽ

ﻹϲˡͷͷظŽȥֻ﹩ĲҲǷ棬һͷӶװ׵ͷŵеع
ĪǸʡ

λʥ̫ǵ
У书ǿ𣿡

ǿһۣģǰ˸иȻᣬҰѰģԻܶ鮣ն˽򡣡

գգۡ
βѣѾԶϹʱ˱̫Ʊʦ̫ʷصһλ˱֮ˣ̫ƽ£˼̫꣬Ϊʥǰ̫Ϊ֮Ǽ̫֮

Сһǽ̫ǸԲԣ

ǼɼüֱʥΪ
ȫû˵ʲôһ˷ܣ˵úܣ

Щ⣺ô˵

ƴи˵鶼˵ֻ˵£ҷȥ߰˰ٱˡ
ɤӣ˵ķ˵ǰƣһֱʮ궼ﶼ˸ֱȥ㣬Ϲˣ͵ˣһǵԺؼң¾ΣˮǰˮգǰԵҿȻٷƣƯġ

л˵ǺȻ֣һס졣
һֺܺŵζѸıǰŵ
ʲôζأ
Ź

ûŸףѾջ֣ɫÿʥǰԡϿͷ񣬰ݼ̫

ŶпûԼŵʵʵ㣬˼ݣ¯С

֮е棬ôûף
һʱףóȰ˾蹦ˡ

ûлشת˳ȥ
Ѿⲻٽӻκһл
Ϊ¶һѷϻ
԰̫ôӹײ֡

*

ѰþͶҪȿ䣬ٿƷϹԱļ飬ԴŻѧ
ƷԱֿȵĽӽݣǰһ߰˸ͽġ
˼Ƿһӭ˹˵һѹάֻ֮һ»е֣˼ᣬᡣ

ǵĥʹɡ
ĸҷԣæˣȻ󹧹ͽǡ

ǾٲߣһסȻʲô᣿

ЦǺǵСӷģɻȥġ
ߵǸ۵ˣע⵽ˣͽ񶼴
ݣû⣬һЦ⣬̫ݵԭЦһӣʦܷģʲô׵ľҡ

Ŷеͷȴһʱûɿ֡
ǵϳʵỬȥָ̫ˣҪǣýᵽ˿ܺŵζ
קһ㣬úһţȴˮһˡ

䲻֪ҪʲôѾزµ˽׼ûʲô£㺫ʦȥѧ¡

գ֪ˡ
ظźߡ
Ǻֽסվס
Ȼ

ʮֹԾʦܣȥǰͷ㡣ߵǰȥˡ

Ƿֻеӣݣֻ˵ǽҵԶױǡͬ־룬˷Ůӡ

ɣΪʲôԼôһ
İɷӣ֪ˡ

˵ߣͷҲûء
յķϣ紵°ڣһǳɫѣʱյɫ
Сȴ󣬴ɣȻһʱ𣬵ĺɵš

ɸһĵȿȿȡ

̫ˡҡͷͽô

ÿ˶Լı£ҵıڱ𴦡ŴȻսһʵ㿴С˵ɫ񲻴ãǲˣ

лͷֻδתüë
д֣İɣҲ֪ҵݵģ

ǣ

ڻת뿪Ӱȥм־

ȡɵЦһ仨֪ʦ㡭ʲôݣ

г˹ָ
չһ㡣

Ȼ󱻻һϣĵһ飬պʹضǰҡΣҡҡ׹

ɵ˵˲֪ǲˣתǰߣ˵˵ô£

*

÷ᡢᡢᡣ
һˣʮˣʮˡ

ÿοԣֱڴУֱΪԺԡ
Ժϸߣһᣬϸڱᣬ˵һᣬ޿߾ֱѧ

ǸҿŽᣬСӰӵ᣿°ʡ

ⱲӶû˻ѡǡͬСӡһ˵ûԼȻ׶
ĶǣץŻеļŭһ㵽ʲôݰ

סˡ
ΪԴٰһ£Ųýҵ

⼸ʲôһʡ
ԽԽѣѧĶԽԽ࣬ȥĴҲԽԽ࡭ɻû˵꣬ǰĻкȻվסţæɲסӡ

ء

ʦܡʲôôսսʡ
һ£һԽнǡСӡˣ˼ģһʲô˲õĴ£
᲻ϵİȣĪµҡ

Ҷˡص

ɣ

˵ӦþܾҪֱӴȥϿΣû쵽գľΪϲõЦݣ

ȥõ·ϣɳչĳϢͨ
һֽòȥ֪ͨƴ˵ġ

һ·ϿӣϲϿݺͷԸ񶼽һ飬Ŀⶼϸϸ
Ҫֻ£һһҪֵƴ˵ĻġΪỹǽҵնǼƴ˵㡣ʦ㲻õģżƴĻĻء

緹Ѿ緹δʼڷʣͷйȥ˼ҧһڣ̾һ
û⡣

أͷʡ

ǧҪע⡣˵ѹһ㣬ʶҿ˿·˭ƾһ㣬̫꣬ƴ˶ǡ

ŶһȤ书

ǣǼɵһǿƽСӷ糤һС˵õܽԶһ򲻶ֵ̣췭ظԶһ㡪

ɵĻû˵꣬ʹһѼɤߣȻôؾֻ/ȣ

ҪСѼʧˡһһĵĺ⣬ǽҵˣûʲô¡

ͬһʱſڡ
ͷ£ڣĴָϴһ̵ָֻϪˮ
ұͷθݣθߵ˱Ҫ͵öࡣдٶ꣬۹ⶾ̷ϿƲۣʵʵǽһ·ֵͬơ
֪ѵԭأоϺмֽǵӰӣʵ
ϸԼ·ơ̧۵飬ʮ

ĸǷ糤ĸǽԶʮˡ

˰ɣС˴ľǽҵˣɲһˡֻǸ֧ˣү糤˵ţһ°ڻǰ£ֵܣӲǿͽűӻ죬㽫ƽƣǰƽ
ҵǰ̣ͽӲ˲ʣԶƮȻ£ŻУֵܣټģȻǽˣĪͬɵ˻һ

ˣĿĺܼ򵥣Ǿ
黨ǰҲɹ

컢ɽոսկ֮Ҳкüɳˡ
ӣɳͷĿͻʩҪǮǮҪŮ˸ŮˣԼ

ⷽˮƽߣңֻðѱҶͷѪͳͳϳҲû˸컢ɽˡ

ͷһԼһԷĨڣԽ˵ԽߵǱϷƵģѥͳһߦȡ

ȿȿȡвͷǺš

ʮصݹһˮȻͣϽ˽֮ⲻܶǹļһ̫󣬲òϣֻʡ
ֵҪˣʦҪȥƴһܣǺôֵ

Ļû˵꣬аһ顣
ˮһϡ
ŵתͷ˵ڻϡ

ǰɣпŷ糤ͽԶʡ

糤ͽԶѵõػཻһͬ
һ㱻£ַӦһϵȷѡһȽס߶ҵΨΨĸҲѡ

ʽģǻͷһ
ô˵ءǺȻͬһָоǺŮоǸĿˡ

ޣ
ͬʱ˦ͷ糤һûĻ͸ϿѡȻû˰㣡

Ҷԡпȥܺ˵ӣ˭Ҹ㵽Ҿ͸˭





5.     װ̫ˣ

˵ҲͽûԵС˵Ľ̻塣뵱Сڿεʱǿⶼͽء
һ·빪ЦץѵõĻᣬһƨһ˵õļ࣬ķ̫òЩͽԶ̫ѧЬҸܳԣһһ׽֮࡭

һֱºţӸλȴûһ˿֮ɫһ顣
Уʱͽ

ѹӸһͽ߹׵ˣ
ǵͷĿͽ
ᣬǲѡι˲šýҵͽ˫ȫÿҵʮˡ
һν׳ߴͦΡ̫żȣͽǽԶһͷĺϷ͹⣬ͭһɫ

үҼλԶףҪաǵ
ʲô飬Цˣһ˫һۣЦʱˮ򣬡İɣڣ۸

֣صǵ۸ˡ



һӴܹƴˣƴˣˣˣͽǻڷﲻϿΣ

ͷۣ򽪰ǸȻææͬǷ÷ȥŷƮǲСӺִˣ
εǣΪˡ

á
վסˣǷ뿪ķ

֪ΪΣһֲԤС

*

ȣ
㽲Ƕģ
ϴģ
еģ
ǳģ


һƬڣۿҪ
⣬ӣмֶԱ˴˼˵ĳֿʺ򡪡̾˿ַΧ̫ˡ
·ֻص컢ɽϡ

ڷ糤ͽԶֵʱ⴫һȣ֣
̧ȥֻͬһӳſڡ
һģнǡ

ǵ黹һƽͣǰһټɹΪֻǽڻϡ

ڷצ׼˶ķ糤ͽԶѾͳߦȵͽǡ

ͽСװ磬ͷë׵β٣ԴСһȦһɫԲۣʮСк
õͽֶɸѡģÿһ׳ԲѻгеøС˼֡
ȻĻ£жһ⣬ԵһȻ

ظо˽нʼĺ⡣
һͽȻ󣬸ӣ۰һޡ
Ӿң
Ȼ⣬ȻǿطĿӲҪǱҳԵģ

ǣ

糤ͽԶ
ȵȣﲻ˭ι

뿴һ۽ǵɫĵá
þͶҵҲν̣˵ԽʮϤˡ
λССǳº͵ӣѵöŭüͷˣ

ˡλСүƽʱһֻ۱һֻҲˣھȻ˽ǵͷϣ
˽ǣûѧָľѿɾҪˣ

ʹļףСӣӣǶλݹأԿˣЩͽҪҵһ·ôɣ˺֣Ͻ
˵ţһǶҪϿˣȥʥǰȥúøҷʡʡ

糤ͽԶסˡ
;Ǽ˿ȥɢ£Ƕȥ飬̫ѧԲŰӡ
ý꣬ƽʱͱ¦ӱö˵ģҲûô

˶Ҳһ㣬ⶼΪҪ˼ɽԵʣҲҷֻھſڵʱ򣬼æǽͣûƻʦܣǾǡ

ֹ̧סǣС
ŷŻе۾Ҳȥ

Բ۾ָͷԼң

΢΢

޳ţ޽絶óһ㣬ߣߦȵͽǱࡣ
ԭýԶŷԶƤëûѧš
ԶͺñǹŶƭõƷǲǿ˷Ĺȡϱ㼯ؾһֱϸ󻹾ʱĽͨÿһطŹ⡣


ֵǮ

ľһοǱĸ룬һӿϻеԺ




ȻһڣһڻԺĸо˲䱻˸ϡ顣

ֻ͵͵װޣҲҪᡣңװ̫ˡ

У
ƣ

*

ϣͽǺѹѹһء
ǹţҲǱݷ
糤һ˹ߣԶһιұߡ
˲ִ󣬵ԷŭĿ䳰ȷٲˣһһʣڻͷزݡ

м䣬ռһֻţһȣֳһȵϥϣ˼

糤ͽԶһۼ˿Ϊӣ̲ס棬ʵʦܣʲô

ü롭ѧģΪʲôҪأ
ҹ𣬽ǲҹ㣬⣬Ȧ̫û
ôԾ
Ȼǲɣ

ãֻз糤ͽԶڱͷϣûõͷϣ֮˲ȻŭҪкȻʵǾýô

̫ˡ
˼ɫ

糤ţ
Զš
糤һ޶
糤˫

У
û뵽˾Ȼһµʱ
ҪĲָĸ蹦̵£֪ʵΪˣȻҪҪֵ´ȥ
ͣУ㡣

˸ˣ糤СţС徭о
Զټʮʱͬʱ̫ѧãͬʱԼſҵΪҴ޵һˡ
糤ŵҵͬʱ̫ѧýѧ췴С˵С˳ս֮ѾһʱԴǺС˷ȥı£Ÿڿɳ֮
ԶæӿڣȻټƽǳң

һԣһֳȺ֮бֳѵõǢһµΪܵС/ټϣҲֵˡ
˵ŸоԷ̫ƣʱһ񺮣ͬʱޣҲ䣡

˵һ̫ѧһã
ţ̫ѧýҲϵߵĿΰɣз𣿣

ûնͬɣ

ûţ

Ʒ⵽ɣ糤ŭҪаԣڶֻ
ԶҲһǽҵټֺαʲô㲻ţĻҪ䡣

˵¸һֱƤʼС

ںͰͷ˳ҴһϢ
λСѾƴ˵ˣ𣬿ʼý󷨣

ͽһ󻶺糤ͽԶ˫˫ȥץסɣ۷Ź⣺ģ

Ĳ棬ڷ˵ģġҲЦ档

ɫĵӣżš
ʱһλ󷨵ķǳϿνʮ꣬Ѱͽһšﶼûõʹ̵ҲֻǡСѣĻǡӡƵһͽòޡ
˾ǣǻ̫ѧɫĵӡѧÿÿͽϽŬʱһѽǰ˵ʲôææùС˵ʲôʱùС𣿡

̫ѧãÿһͽѧʱ֣˿ʥ˺ʥˣǽˡ

ʱ˵̫ѧǱ֪ҲҪַ衣

ٺٺ٣Цüɫ裬һأС˵ã̫ѧǱû

ھ˾漴Ļ𣬼ҪƷ̫ӣ

ྲзһ𣬡˼ڣСķǹ죡

ͽ
ЦȴôҲס׷״üйƽʱܿߵĶԷ˳ࡣ

ȻʣСôæôйڿأ

㣬Сʲôˣ飬Сϻһء
˴ӽҪнӣ

ƺͽĻŭš

ǴӵģֵȺͷݵϣʦܣ˰ɣȳԡ
λʦܸѧС˾ͱ˽ӣйϣһ֪
λʦܣݾԲ򵥡
ƨһҪúģ

ϣΧ˷ܵӣԿ϶糤ͽԶԲ飬ȷʵţ
ҲգȻСϲˣʸӵķϣΪһ̰ɡ





6.  ľ   Ҫ£ؼң

ΪãǴǹȻͷлӹС
⼴˴ܺ˴ܡ

ʵϵѧƷΪ࣬һǻв²ǹǱ󷨣ԡ
б߽ʱ򣬺ȻԼһѧãһһһβ˵ϻ԰űīֽ⣬Լ߸ߵ顣

һǡ躡ӱӱԡξӡʶԡ˾߱ҪΪ侭Ҫÿ깫ԶҪġ
һһΪнܣһǡ侭Ҫʮ治ҴľƣиоսԼս֮⻹иսЩսĳɰܵʧҲǿ㰡ʦܡ

дͷѧҲͰˣΪʲôǻҪѧЩ
ǡӡ
оûԹҲܣЩƾٵ˶飡ѧֲ״Ԫ

ý̵ĿɲѰʿδĽ죬ɻڴһĲγᣬд£ȻҲҪһЩ

Է˷ƪ׵־ͷΣֱӰɻһߡ
˳ӸһֻǮҲϿΣȥֻȫ
˽ǵĽó⣬Էʱרλڷţʵڿɺޡ

ȥˡ
ͽҲ½ϿΣŷӼһ躡߽УʼϿΡ
дһ淭ָһȻ󣬾ŷӺڿСԴһΣ˯ˡ

ͽǷˡ
ϸܵǴϿʳɣҶɳɳ졣

ȻŷҲˡ
ŷӵͳ

ʦصͽʲôݣڿﶼֻͽ
һķ糤ͽԶڿ˯ôҲҪһǰһһӡ
û뵽ھһӶģ˯˹󣬲ȶ⡣

ŷߵߣ̧Ρ
ΡȻ˾ȵĺ

ŷӶŭȥƻС
Ȼֱۻûϻеļ򣬻͵۾һֽӵֱ۱ȻһŽŷ˳ȥ


ŷӷС԰ҽУһȺѻ

ᡢᡢĿԻƬС԰ҽˣʮȴˡ
ֺõģ´׼ˡ

Ҳûг˹һִŷѾʯͷһ˳ȥһŲӴԾ

ͽֻ£һӰһĴһӰŷ԰ɽ֮ʱס˷ӵĿ

ʱҲŷӵԴɽֻ硣
ֻҪһŷӷǵͷѪɡ

ã
֪ĸﴫȲ漴к糱һӿ

г䴰ӵͷʾ⣬Ȼŷӵ֣ԺǧҪһ书˯ģȻ˯ˣתԼܲסԼġ

ŷӵǵͨ죬ƴŤͷлû˵꣬Ȼžડһ£һɡ
ŷӵĿˡ

Ŀ֮£ŷͷһŤһգֱ˹ȥ
Ҳ֪ˤĻġ

ŷӵİؿ뻹Ǹ˼ϵȥҪҰȻһ°ڡ
°ɫ˵ֻмϵһϱȾŨϣϵĲʮְǳ͢ƷԱĳ

ʱõĶƷԱ˭
ο紵°ڣ۽ǷͬʱıѾżǹϤζ

еһһϣͿ˽ǾӸ£ޱ顣
ӺáվòشкȻǰؿ¶ϿҵЦݣĲҲ߯ˣ˵ǲǣ

*

֪
ӵѧ鰸󣬽ʡ

ֻܹҹ̫ˡ̯̯֣ģһСҵ

üϿ˯ţ㻹ˣ

ҲܹҡеҪ־͹ŷӵĿʵǽ̫ˣƵģ仰Ͱ˯ˡȥ¥һ˼ô˵飬Ҳ˯ô졣

ǿû˵
дϿʲôߣָڣԿ鲻ô

вŲͷƢأ˭˭

ǻɿ֣Ӳ˵˵ҪȥǮȻϲིһЩѧһЩȻȥַӵĻϲ
еɲô˵ͽǶѧᣬȻҪúôĦĦôҲŻֻԼǶ˭ýȥӣԼôȴҪǼ˼ֻаʱ䣬ɲ˷ϡ

ٴһ
ǣľ

ʣҽ㣬ǰɣ
ǻ˵𣿣ȻΪʲôǧǣ

áףһΡ

꣡л
һ˲䣬Ƿֻеյ͸ĺѣӨȻ͸⡣

ԡѵֻб²ŵꡯ֡

ٺ٣ǷӾǾǧꣿ

ǣǧһָȨˡ
ʲôȨˣ
Ǵ̫ࡣ

æҡͷǾǧˡ
ʺ󡢻ӡүɳǧꡣ

ɽҲҲ𣿡
Ҹɳǧ꣬ӣԵáǵֻơӡ㹻ˣء

˵ٲʼºͣʮҲܺоʮ⡣
ӿɱǸŷǿˡ 

֪ɻûУԸȫȥúϿΣ°빦 

ˣǺȻ㿴ǲģ
˵ͳһֻǮ
ǵָ޳ֻǮǹĹҵһŴɫһֻཱུĽɫ۽㡣

ҵģôģ
˵̧־Ҫȥãջһ㣬˸ա
У
ٿ飬ϲŭģȴһ˿ࡣ
Ȼ䷴Ӧ

Ǯôܺö˶һӺصĺ
ɱأȫ¿϶Ǳ¶ˣ

̵ϸһ£ǮȻҵе񣬵ʵҵһֻһǱ˵ġ

ʣȷ
ȻҵǮûдֲǹ֣ʲôǮع˵ǰɣ

ȻǶҵıˡǵǱţȽԭ

ŽǽǮս

ҵġǮ

Ҫ£ؼҵģ





7.  Ǯ   Ȼǣ̷Ӱ

뿪ǣתǴ˺ɡ
ηηʦܣҶԲ㣬ҲųţСˡ
ˣļ磬Ķȥ

㡢㲻ңסˡ
΢ôãȫֺãڼз
һֱܷ쾭壬£Ϊζ˷´Ҳ

ʲôùô˵̧һţ·
ɵϻһ·һ˵Сͽӷӡ¼ֻԼʱڣֻܶţĿá

Ųӣ߽Ĵš
һſδʼͽ˵죬Ȼ֮䣬尲

Լɨһֻۣһ̫ף쳯˵˵ͷʣпλûУ

У
صһ𣬷糤ͽԶһ¡һְĶ忪һӣʦ

˵Ժ֮ǰһˡ
գźСҵô£

Ǻɶ죬ͽ̧ιʻУʦܣ㿴

п˿°͵˵鰸λãǶ

ǿߵλá
ҵĿָ˲١

õͭӱײ죬Ƴصڿʱ򣬽ǽš

дǰ鰸λãվһȣĿӲ׽һƬɫĵһʱûŲ

ǹٷ˽Ӵöܺÿ
һ˹ģûһ˿
佫Ӣͦûһ˿

пϣ롣
ǵڿνеһ룬ֶһ뷨ǾǣӵҲܺ

ͷβֻ뷨жĽӢĽӣʵǡģ
ʲôɵ֧ʲôԷλȫ
ڿν
˼ɡޡ㡢롢һŨճĽһ¡

뿪ʱһۡ
յ񣬻λƸ

ңһƬƬҶӱ紵֦ͷڰշһ󣬲Ʈ䡣
Ͻźľذ壬ϲŴɨҶ˽Ӳӵһ㡣

˲߹Ҷ졣
öôʡ
гʵҡͷ

֪ΪʲôҪѧôǵѧʲôҪѣѭ򽥽ڱһһϲͨô򵥵ѧʵûʱְһһ㣬ֻôһЩȻһһ㣬ô

̧ͷĲ
ıֱͦΪӢͦĿƽͣҲǡ

ѰýҵҪֻ꣬аʱ䣬ҪȱʮֹСɡתòǲ¥Ӳ˵ˣﲻѰӣѧѧԭǿ£Խǿ࣬ԽѧгɣҪ£һ޳ҪҪ

еͷһľذϵҶҶַ׷¡
û

ǴԼѾһӣ֪ⲻͱʾȥˡ
Ƿһȥŷǰɡ

вɣԼĿϳֱܹ˯˵ȻҲסѽûȱ첲ȣƤûư㣬ʲôǣŶһ

躡̫֮ŷӶԡ躡м磬˵⣿ǵ㲻˵ԼѧʶǳַӽòãëЩĸģֻҪֶأ

òãҿЩͽ˯ֻǿŲ˯ˡе㿴Ҿû˯ŷʵòҲˣôģЩúЩзɣҲڵ˯ţ

ǿдǵģȻ˰Σ˸ʽңΪΪˣġȷһԱ󽫣ŷһԱϽ㺦ڳ˳²Ǵȥ죬ô

дһ£̽һӣ²Ųûõļһ

ʱǳӣʲôĲ˽϶ɼȣǲΪǡʲôĲ¶ܴΪֻдžǿܴʤ̣㲻ñ¡

оһ鷳¡
þãþ͹ﲻûҪպأ

ǵôŵĻǾȶپưɡ
ʲôһپƽ˵أ
УǾ١

*

ŷ֣ܺȾơ
ԽǴȥŷⲻǡ

İŲһҶǽ˻ʲôǡ
ϧʧܣΪͻȻ֣׽סֱۡ

˶΢΢һ

ֵֻµĸ첲̫ϸˡ
һܽһܽϡ
ʵ⸱СôǱ󵶵ġ

۶֣пмң׾ٵر׽סϴ˭Ҳû
ɵ۾һ
ϴνǽƼ׼ͽӵʮƯӡ
ӳ˱Ҳܲ

ӣͷҸȥⲻǣʲôʱпոҴһ£

۵ҲǶ֡
һô֪أ
ûա
Ǿͳ㿴̫ѧʱܳãٵʱܳյӣ㿴ܻ


Ҷ̾͵ĵ·ϣӰнԶ

*

ŷӵڳô󣬵һͷڼɽײ
ټԴ˸ⲻǣͿͬСɽҰʶأӶպһϼӹ̣ܽϲٽһ鷢

һֳ滰ʱôɰͰͽ˺ɵӡ
ǲǡЩţͣ崺硣
ãԼӳȥô˵ͺ˵˵Ҳˡ

óûע⵽Ǹ˸ɫأֱ㶿Žǡ
һ˲ֱ̧֣ĺϣŷӾ˸

ĵ͸˿͸ůůĹġ
ỬϣģꡱһЦ

ŷԭѾжۿ죬׼УһЦʱһ

ۡзޣŷӣҴˣҶԲ㣡

ԭЦޡŷһɣæ˵һȰĻ

ŷӵ뿪֮󣬻Ĩһϲڵˮʽǣӣûаɣ

ǿһۡ
ĸССһֻƱ֮ܽ¡һ˫۾Բüëȴббӥչ˫ᡣ
ڴһŴ˸ǳԵС
пɡ

˸߲ңҴһ£

Ҷ֣

еͷѣţҿͦһ˼

ǣǷӣͽҳ֣·ϣõĹҪȥʥǰ򡣰ҵĹأҪܶʮȦϲĸ

У
Уϲʦص˰ȣ

*

صԺɣվſӭӡ
ɣʲôóԵģԾһ仰ʡ
Ȼſɣ߶һλꡣ
ͷңЬӺ°ǻҳһǷ糾ͣ˺Զ·

ӡ򽪰
ǵͷȻٵ鷿

΢΢⡣Ҫһؼұȥ鷿ΪȳȨִ˰޹
ʲôҪ°ɡ
ǰ鷿ķ򣬷żȻƮһ䣺ȥôá
Ҳлӵˡ

һ쵽£λлӡֻһתͷ׵Ժ󣬿ʼɣ׽ɣ𣿡

ûСɣ˵ˣڱԺסãԺͳԶء
У
ͣþ

ζس˷˰ѻк鷿
Ѿ֪λм룬ǽǵĸ֮һ
˵⽪ʵеֵġƺ³Щ³ӶסԵĵطԺٵó档

ܣһһ鱻ȡڻϡ
ܷ·޾Ƶģŵܿ߹ͷ

ȾЩɡǵ֮ڣؿꡣ
£п˿Լߵ鱾ôܣҾǲԲȲ˯Ҳܿ꣡

ȲԲȲ˯Կ˵ܰЩ꣬ٽ㣬Ҳδض
ϼһֻԼȶˣ磬֪ţǼ̫ѧõţµȻ꣬Ҳǰģ

ţ΢΢һ£֪ʲôţƽӹѧһȫȷɣԣֻҪģһҲԡ

оؿ
ġ˼ƽӹ

ȥɡǵв׾ңʱ֮ǰҶ鷿

ʱ֮ǰ
һ£ÿîʱҪμ糯ʹԶʱҲҪˣҲ˵һֻ˯ʱ

㡭ţɰ

̫࣬ʱ̫٣˷ѡѾչ鰸ϵĹģûٿУȥɡ

бŸ߸һţл㱵أʱΪҺôʱ顣

ⱲĴָСʱʦһʦץס֣ҲֻĶš
ɽһߵǰ÷ֱӾʹ˸Ƿ˴ϡ
һ˲һӵ
˯дҪ죡

Ƕɽ淭һ΢һЩͼ΢һЩģһͨ⡷дĽл
ｲű󣬻иԼƽʱֵǸɼܵľ飬ͼо΢һ߱ߣҲȥˡ
Ȼ;Ƿ죬飬Ժ˼˵ڵȵʱ鷿ĵϨˡ

˵ţŽǡ
ҹɫ紵֣죬ŨܵӰͶڵϣһŵӰУ°ڴƮȻ١
мɷǵӡ
֡һ˵ζǣеµ

һʧ񣬽šžһһض֦
󣬵⹷˯˵ļҹúˡ

ǰĽٿȻͷʲôˣ
ȻвҲûأɴ󷽷Ұӡ

ô˯
Ӳ˯ô˯أϣҹСӣصذб

ǣˣȥ˯ɡ
ǲСȻȻһҪȫѷͻط

Ǳû˵ʲô
ԷŽǻȥ֮ǰǰһھͽ˷š

Ȼ·ңǺ⣿
ѳζǣʲôʦʲôӷʲô

̾ʦ£ӷ͡
ԶԶԣӾʦ̷˯е·

һ˵һѾ֣һҪ⽪ǵ
һصһȷţšѡһżϣ΢ңʲô

аһȷҲˣ¶һЦݡ
Ȼǣ̷Ӱ





8.  ָ   ĺܺ

ЦݲãҲſ֮ԽǾ֡

ǮǮǮأ
ôôôһֻǮأ

Ǯûţѱһѿסüͷƣңأ
㣬ʲôң⣬һоͺˡгϿҵ㿴ҹô컹Ҫ糯˯ɡͷ˵˯ܱ˯٣磬ÿ˯ʱ䣬ɲ

Ͷûйϵǿ֣һƳ˷⣬ٸ񣬾ٸʮȦ

ʮȦ
ˡ
ѷͷֻʮȦæһ·ȻҪʮȦ
᲻

ӣǳĳġ

顱ڻǰϣطȥ

ŰϻеıӣһҲ
ΪŹϵһ˲˵ƣǮ͸ſڲԶĹϡ
أҵˣ
֪Ķͺðˣ첻ɣ

жʱˣ뽪ӣοοƨ
ŷųӣ㳤ݵģϵļ⻹ͦʵҼϴеһȣָкܲ


лû˵꣬ͷ
׵ӡ

ϲ˿ã
԰ϻ˲ϲ䣿컢ɽֵû¸ɾͱ˭ļء
ӵİɣȻ󣬵дӲӲдĺܺ

ȥ·ϣлʱָζָС

ڣǰŶͷüͷ
ڴһңʫ飬ֽͨ붼ûԼһһ˵һ֡

Ӻݰ㵽׸˸ʲô

*

ļһΣ˼ûȻУе㲻һ
ͽһУҲһļ
ֻǳԭλ⣬һ˻һӣһСӰϣһȡ

У߹ȥ㲻ô
Դαϣ죬һſգһϣĵᡣ
⼸뷽跨ǵԷ֪ôԸ˵ģһֹ
ԣ֪Ǯòš
հ

죺Ӱŵģ

ǲǣûûʦˡɶŲˮûƼǵļжµģҲ˲٣

ú̫ѧÿӻõĿ࣬ͽȻһ㣬˺̫ѧø涼ҪԵúЩ
ŵţƤҪ䵽ƵòˣŻỻµġ
죬Уϵֻб⻬޺ۣȻ½ġ

ô£ʡ

ȫûʦ䴩ˡɾƽͨ
ˣڼÿһλʦ㱨һ֮ڿԲذ仰˵ˣ
Ȼƽز䣬ʮŹƴѾԼˣȻͰѻʦܵᡣ
иص㣬޵ϸͽһЪţϿΡ
ԭͲԣڲѩϼ˪ˡ

Ȥ̱ϣ֪ǹô«ƵģһͶϡ

ܿʯĹʡ
ͽҪվһʯĹҪ˶Ĺ
׼ھУѾϺ¡

֪еûѧ
Ŵˣʦܣ䴩ЩУÿһкİ
ûѧѧĸô죿

ûѧǰ컢ɽϣҲǴԵʱֵǵĹ档
һöû꣬ͰӵһѣȻֳͷʮӢ͸ѡİûбıͲˡ

ҵġԼĹ˹ȥ
æӣ𿴻ʦܸС治С˹أԲá

п˿ϵĽͱʯҲ˹ֿϧġ

Ҳ޷
Žӹң֮ǰЩȷʵһʱ£һԾһһ˹

⹭סҲסٴͼȰֹϾõľѾܳԽˡ

ȻȻûСѡ֣ԸѼмʮųһС

лٹݰеĹ·ᣬͽǲû׼
ۼֿԿѼаںˡ

ĹơƼסҲԵļͬɫڡ
ȥĨĨ
Ƽ׼ļͷƣǷɵĻ˵ˣеָѾһĨʺ졣

̾

ʦܣ
糤ͽԶУͷ߸ϣͷһֻ䣬ϴͬ˷ܺС

пۼңת׼ǰļС
ԭԲڼСɰ۾΢΢͸һݲеâ

ƹʮ֣ſһ£Ϲ㽺ţظ֨֨
ֻǿ͵Ĺ̶ܱȡ
ս˻еָڣһεµΣ֪Ƿű˵ģǴʱճġ

ɿľкоۡ
ûô׼ת֮ʣ֮䣬Ƽ׼ѾҶ

ơ
кģ͸һֻС
ţѻȸУ˵ڶ
Ƽ׼һѹǧڵԳĿЮХһǰ
ûһֵֻܹһֻ͸ֱ糤ͽԶ

Уһ糤ͽԶ۾ͳͳŵϴѾȫȻסˡ
ֱֱض׼ԼߣҪһֵļС

ֻһûüڳһֻ˹ָ޳ϻһɫ䣬һ뺣ƣƹ⣬ס˼β

βܷͬʹסأڲһͣ

ӣƴˣ
糤ͽԶȷӦ

վɴŹٷȻǸմӹйżüͷ

ÿνڿΣ붼Ҫȥſӭӣڽ󣬿ֻһļУᡣ

ƴһҪطˡ
ͽǼһ㡣

һǵüë;ò⼸콪һͻᷴԵüë 
Բסλаѹ߹Ҳ֪Ƽ׼ôֻжûס

糤ҾڿԼ
ԶûҪһ֮ˣ˭֪
ȻͬʱڣǵĽӣǲãǲվڼкͷʦӦԼܿЩ

ǣ

룺

ħô£Ǳа𣿣

˻ԼĴ䣬ŵʦܣ㲻˵ȲôҸ˺óԵģ
Ҹ˾ƣ
Ⱥҵģ
Ⱥҵģ
һ˵һֲ
һһĸоҪڣȻǵĿ΢΢һ٣˳ȥֻеָȻڵѪ

ô£еʵôˣ

һָڴճһӡ

糤һôôѪ죬Ӱ
ԶӦҩ

аָڴߣһڣһѪѣ¡

糤ͽԶͬʱ˴Ĵָʦܣһӣ

˶Ի˵治һ£˸ʲôóԵģ˴һ͵ش򿪴䡣

ǰ֧Ƽ׼ļϻ
ƹƼ׼ԼĹղż̾˿׻˵ǿиǿ֣һɽһɽߣԭġڼһԭ졣

ŻУЦдӴһֻ룬濪ʵͯû˸ţСС̺ǿ

һЩˣֻΪ֮Ǽʹƴ׷ϣҲ޷󼰡Ǳš

Ǳߣűʣͷʲô

Ǹɫʹɹǹҡ÷ӽζģζģѩʲζġ糤һ˿ֺãȫԵġ
ԶЦʦӢۣأĻСѼӣϲЩߴߴĶ

糤ŭЩҲҽ㰮Եģôأ
Զһ£ϵˣϲԱô

һֱǸֵǻ죬ںȾƣ⣬ûԹֶһ׵
Ȼ󡪡
۾Ȼˡ

Ҳ̫ó˰ɣ
з

糤ʮֿģб˽ԶһۣԶҵģյѾƣһƿֵʮӡ

ľǺõģʾóȻߴǵͽơ

Զ
ͷ糤ˣҲһһֻ۱һֻֻۣʤ糤ȫһˡ

Ҳֻط¡

֣ȥ
ȥˣű벻֣һһ溬ҪҪҲ

΢΢˸ѧģ
еҲѧ㿴û˽̵ҡ
˵ã书ǿԺЩſεʱȥҵѧ飬вĿȥ̸λӣÿսһƪۡ

ÿһƪжʱı벻ˡ

ھȥ

Ӿħǰ
ˡ

ʱܳҲּۻۡ
һΪѾ֪һּۻһöûãǣһˣܻܿӰ쵽ҹϮƻ





9.  ҹϮ   ʲôû

ҹʱ
ǷǰվţѲС
ϷһһҿƬȻԾڡ
ϻֻǵãֱһ򿪣ǮȻ档
˵࣬ɱʵ
Цˡ

ô׵ˣߡصôѵһΣȻҪһһ

Ӻܴ󣬳ȴܼ򵥣տûоطѾͬй˹һˡ
ֻм׵ǹٷĶƷ۷Լһס

ͨڣÿһƬӼ׶ֻĴָСȹ⻬ϸˮͷ̿ڴףﻹһŻԲĶ顣
жϡһֵǮ
ͽǽǵĳߡ˵ǵ¼еȻס
˵ǵһսľ
˵ǽӺݷʱƳɣ͸ġ
Ϊʲô룬Ϊ˫ȫΪºǫѷ޵ϳŮӣòһơ롱

ףŽǹٷǸݵģӦûɣ
ͷԺתת񣺡ӡ

һô㷭ŪŪ͵ʱˣ

¿տҲûʲôطܶ㣬͵һ˴¡

֨ѽһűƿ
Źӿڵ߱Ʊȼˡ

ſڴףֻ˫Ьȥȥˮǽϴ
ôڣȻʮְûһ˳
Ƭ̺ȥ
Źϣﳹ׾

зһ͵͵ʱ򣬶ûô
֮ͻİ·һ㾲׵ĿߵĶĶļͽ糤ͽԶǰҳ

һ°ס˴ǰĵƹ⣬ǵɫģӳŹ⣬͸
ǽڴǰ

еôȤϴǰɵʲôͷ΢΢̽ȥһ㡣
΢΢һǮһۿҪڵϣڻзӦ죬Ͻס

һǵƮ

Уһܷң

Ҫôң

в鲻Ըһô֪ң
꣬΢΢һ㶡

ж˹ڴһͷīĳɢϣͰӢ֮ͬĽһر͵ʣǰǰ̲סţˡ

΢΢̧̧ۣ㣬˭ҷͳô

̧ͷ˿ͷǸûüϵĶںܽλãݶָߣû뵽Ǳˡ

ӣ˵㣬˵찾ôط˻Ͻ˯ʲôеҿҹɫʣ͸Ӻ͸

ԭΪҺãǲǸöлң

㣬ΪЧͣӦõġЦ˵ţһֻžʹ󳷣ʵڲˣҲŷϢˡ

վסѶ

ĻģӿŲų壬Ѿס˨ʲô˷㡪

һ˯ֻںֱһůǵְס֡
ֺůܺÿ
ôڹ۵ʱ򣬻лһ
Ȼ˦֣ת۾˸ʣܣã

óǵڣһɷŹ
һȭӳֱס󣺡ǮȻǶҵģҷߡ

գգۣе㲻š
ôôô׼ȥסƵġ
ʲô򣿺зˣǳһص㣬ǾǺ޻УԶʵõķʽҪʽͬʮָȤʲô֣

ǵûʲôǮ

ЦʲôǮҲ֪ǮҪҪҰң

ǵüͷ΢΢һ£̽
еͷһƣãǮĹҵģ½ͻһ飬òۡ
ѾֵǮлȥĵһ߿ǣת򿪷ţҪȥ
κβȻһ챻סˡ

лмæ

ûһֽൽǰ־Ҫá
ʹסҪǮûҪһҲóѣ

ߣǳǮˣ
ǰҵģɳ˵ĹأǵģƴκγԿ̫СֿɻǮѣֻҪУǮ

ǸЦˣҪôǮȥ췣Ҫô³˲

Ļס̧ͷ

ԼǵĶŵϹΧһȦһĿɿڴ°ȫڵϡ

ǽסˡ
عһ£ѻпڻֻ½죬л½һһ

ߡ߰ɣȥɡɣе㷢û£û£ʲô¶ûУʲôû

γѣ׷תͷ룬м²ȣˤһӣͬǷˡ

ǣ
ȵȣ





10.  ָ   ҷŰ㣿

гԾ
һô


һˣǽǵլӣЩǽǵˣǵȻվǱߵģ
ɶ

ʹȫҪ͵˦ǣȴԼ˦˳ȥ˺üվȡ
ˡ
æסǮ׼·

ձرɡ

վס

ĵһ죬Ҿ˵̣ܽҪҵĹءҵĹأұذɡ

лȻתתţ紵֣Ҷɳɳ죬ķ˿ͿҲڷƮ

Щƹص׸иƨϵгıӰҳѧñǮѧñ𣿣б½һԣҽ㿴ǮܳԵôѧģ

ǽŲ˶٣ڻΪͷʱǰߣֻздһ̾Ϣ
ǶһѾĢľ̾Ϣ

ԻطѾȣš

ģݣ
Ǯûлͷһ֣ǳ۾ƵģסǮ

ҪѧɱҾͰԺȫˣߣ
Ҫߣǵվס

ͣ½Ųû߰ͷ
ӣŶûУ
£ѧգҪû뵽ԺӣһҪֵǮĶȫեɣ
зġ

ǵ䣺ݶߡ

вŵתŽǡ
ڣĿⲨػ

ֵ˵㽪ǣŵݻַʵûʲô÷ŵģֻܷϷ
ˣԼ͵ĶԼҲְҵ¡

죬ڷѰѶϡ
һ油һ֣ߣҪѧʱʹӲȲߣٲǽĴ˵գٿֻףԺӣһֻҲܣ
Ȼڷӵϣ󣬾Լ档

ô꣬ҲˣҲˣԾµأ׼ˡ

վס
ǵٴδ

жϨȥĻ𣬡ڡŭתû
һֿں
תһֻϻӡ

ϻֻаƴСľ̳ɣŻڽǵ¹͸Աߡ
ôһľѾֵǮˣֻʢ֪Ķж౦
ûʱƣû뵽ھȻ͵ǰ

ϲ֮£ǿϰһѶ
ֿҪϻӵʱסˣס֣סȲϲãһҵģ

˼գеɫ
ţɫһЩϻǰ˵ݡ

нӹû򿪾ѾܲסԼüЦһ򿪣ֻһöָʺһ޶һֻڽˮϵ롣

ǡ

ϵ󡣼ʹԽӺݽҵŮδʺݣҲǷʱôһס

桤ֵǮ

ݽáǵùʱǵôϡ

лӣԶǸ衱ֹ˵ˣ¶õЦݣȻǷң̷˯ɣ 

һá

ҪҪģǵҵһТġʮ顣

˵˲ãϢһ㲻ȣתطһ˲Ű塰顱عϡ
ŴһҲˡ

аϻһЦлطȥ
٣ϻӴָɱǮˡ
׬ˡ

*

ڶһ磬ɫδȫдյıλε뿪ӣ׼ȥ緹

һţͼɣ̣
硣ɣȫͳһھڱԺҲôƺЦݣ֮һձһˣȺһյβůůӰɡ

峿ȺһյβǽǵϰߣлֹʮͷŻôɡ
ڲβȽϹķϣжʹһƣֻǲźһڣͲ
βԭζҩʲô
һͬ飺ľͺ

˯٣ַأһյβ裬񡣡ɣȰӣҲúܣϵȵҰɽΣ̲ˡ

Ϊһ֣еȻ֪Ұɽжԭ뿴ǮķűӺˣӱʾϣһ»ǷˣҲ̫Ѻˡ

ɣЦһִ飬СʱҲǲȵġ
ȡ֪Ϊʲôǲܳʲôˣһͱ㻵θڣʲôһ

ӳˣȵҲȣҲ˵ɣмָˣĿڻϣ΢ЦǻϲʲôҷԸȥ׼

п۾³һ֣⣡

ɣΪѣӲá

аڰ֣ˣָǣô죬һǱߵġЦʲô
֪ΪʲôһɣϾֳһص΢Цοָ˵ӡ
ûʲôɣӸˣڡ˵ţȦˣæᡣ

кһɵؿ
һһѵͷӣ˵͵ᣬ̫˰ɣ

ɣҲΪԼʧ̬߶߶߻нճϰߣȲֻȱݴֻһѩˮȾֻҶ࣬ζ嵭ϲġġ̵ġġ
ʱг췭˸ۡǾٶٳ԰׷£

ۿɣҪ˵пһҶˡˡ
˵߾ߣ첽롣

ɣһӰ΢Цţͷǡ˰

*

ӺԺǰԷҪһƬ֡
Ӱֻɺڳᡣ
УȻһণȻ˫˫ɹԽԺǽɹǽǱȥˡ

˵ֻҲ̫ˣһʱǻ쳤˲Ӵչʳء
Ժǽͣ˽Ų
ԺǽͷıԺ

˵ԺӻڽǺһ̫ѧʱµģʼǽΪ˽ʡʱ䣬ΪʱѾʼޣҪȥãѡ̫ѧöͦӡ
򵥴ΪǮ̫࣬ˣҲ˳һ

Լҵķ⣬һʮǮ桪ϡ
ôǮҲصҡһС⡢ԣ

нżһأֻɺӽԺӡ

Ƭ̺󣬷϶ɽһˣԷƵٶȷʳ
ŲŴӴһҳۣ˸ǷǶûԹˣҷŰ㣿

зͷ
ֻܷ⣬Űʲô

ǹˣ㻹Сǳͣһͷ˵˵жʮꡣ

æֹһ˵ⶼԲˡүҪæԺ͹ҵķɡ

Ӧˡ

ֵܣ

һٻгԵ㣬/ǽȥ
أͼ£ߣǳһٷڽĿü۱ĵʮ

簡гԵúãҲãЦУü䣬һãҪȥ糯˰ɣ

ȥڸʲôˣüͷһ㣬

Ұ㿴ֻȥˡǲֻ֪ܵԺԴȣʳԹˡ

ǣ˵Լɣ

ôܣ
׼ΪڸԼȥʵ극Ӱ޶˺һëϵشյǰţ϶ëζץˣţ

һֵɫոΧĵϼ⡣
ϼ֮佻֯һġǳĽɫڻеϣŮÿһë׺񶼻ᷢ⣬ӾӨͫ·ǽɫġ

̫ˡ
ǰ޷ΪɳˣҲ񻨶һ׼ųһ˲ʵŮ

ԵأǺһ
²Ϊ
ת뿪ǰ





11.     Ҫȥúѧϰ

ͽУˮʱ򣬻ڿս顣
ʹÿֻôһʱҲΪ׼һ䵥ķ䣬Ա㽪ǱλϢ
ǱģñϢɽû֡
ԽԼδȫ黨һˡ

һŰֽڻǰıۻûдһ֡
ԴѾҪըˡ
ѱīһƣ

ɣңӷô죿
˼ƪû֣ʲô

аԼĥнѳʱͷ糤ͽԶ
ģҿȥ
һѣʲô˲𣿡

ʲôͷ𣬡ҽ
һſڼ˽糤ȽԲЩһۿҪûйȥһһ˽
鵽𣿡ʡ

ֱò飬ʿƽĻӣȥֻҪõʱȥͺˡ糤
Զߡһ˵ǷͰǹѲӣõʱһǱƽʱӹŵСʱ·̣Ҫʱŵ

ʿߣǼ֣ʱλɡ
ˮòһǿǷʲеķʲӽҪ

ʿǰֺ⳰ЦӲֵص㳡ϡһʿſ˷죬סʿȥ·ʿһﳤȥ
ʱͽѧԱֵʱΧڶ࣬һǣԼѧû

û׼һģһץסص㣺ʿǮ
ǻ˵ɣ´СǮ黧ܣһӣ͹ƴ˹һˣ˵ţѹ˵ϴ޺ӵ̣̰ī˴ºӵ̱壬ʧֻƳ£ԼʲôҲûУǴһ̰ˡ

°͡
ܺá
̰Ǯϲ۸Լֵܡ
ǳĿꡣ

糤ͽԶ벻ƴ˳
̹׽ƴ˳ʲôģ糤ͽԶǺܸȤ׼̾ʹǣãô

΢Цˡ
Цر⣬ر
ġ

*

λڻʳǵĶ棬ƽַ֮ء
Ƕ˵ƽӱˮȾ֬۵

ҹɫסǣеƱϣ绪۾޷ҹɫſ
糤ͽԶСͷһشϴֲѣĶԾʮֱŤ
ǲ﷽
пǽǿĹӣýߺɵСȣıأǴͷô
ɸϽͷʿ·򣬵е겻ᣬ̾ϢȥһַûüӰɣ
üԶꡱһȺһ㻨裬͵ʮӡȾ㣬Ҫ㵱Ů㣬˻Ҫͣûһš
զࣺһһ
糤ģǴӵ淨һĲҪҪʮͲˡ
Ȼզࣺʮյˣ˳ҵƷһٺҲֻʮӣⲻԲȣҲðŽȥһΣ
ַĸسˣȥаѻ߸סһһ׼

棿һ𷢳ϲ
ƫͷе⡣ɼҲͰˣ糤ͽԶһҲֳ
̹׵ʵܵýһõҲû٣һ֧óһһ֪

֪ӵҲףɽ亣ζ޳гòԼȴࡣ
һ룬԰ôʱ򣬶ԼñԺˡ

̾Ҳ֪ǽӰʦܣҵӣңӣһҪʲôУ

ڴĵλ˲֪³ڱĻҲ⡣ǰ˵һС״ľǽͷҵ̫/ʵһƷǰµĹ¡
ҵʷƽһˣܳٻأʵ滻ٸԶһ̾ڻʳĴʱȻʼһҪ硣

еͷǱһȥȥ
⻹˵糤ȥʵѹûǮΪŮǰͲȥֻµǮϡ

뽪ףɰˣԼŷһݽʵģһˣ΢΢Цģȷʵֹϲ

̲סʵʦܣȥַ𣿡

˴󾪣ôСѾϹַˣ̲סࣺΣ

Σбסˣ˭壿

壡

˵ıѾתΪݣ磬Ժǻɣ

һЦⲻѾǻô
أǱ·һ°ͣ𣿡
ŵĵϣдŸܡ֡

糤ͽԶټһĵŵúɼæѣ棡棡
æϵ
ոϵãоͷһӹ˳ȥ

ûֵʱ򣬵ʿΪ˾ȥˣ춼˳С
СԺǽ֮䣬ûһ̻ʮƧİڲ㳤ͷüͷĵƹ⡣
ʿһҡҡλεĦ׼õһŽһαǮ»ӦþͻӦźټ˽»ˡ

ʱ˻һȻһ٣ϥϵЩ򷭣ʿŭôϳģԴҪ
ǸûĻ㶵ؿǰ
ʿ˳ȥһסµĻȫѹ˺Ҳ˵

һСӰվǰֵסƥĶͷƥ˻ѣȴôڵҳ
ǰ̧ͷס˴ֻ¶һ˫Բ۾ĵ⡣

ʿӸλʿ٣ƾһ֮ñеĿͣģǰδ
졢챣٣
ʿŷӦεǰ

糤ԶͺҲеˣ֪󣬲֪ϣ
ʱֵϳˣ˻ӵȥ


дһһЦεһӿϵӭϡ
õȻԼİôһ֪ҵĸʵϾ
ΪЩֵһжûס׷ײҽŵ¡

ǵ죬һҲˡзԸ꣬̽

ʿڳǣһͷ亹㡢ʲôǳ͢Ա㡢ôĵӡ
ѩĵֱͱһУ׳ʿ׳ʿҪʲôֱ˵ֻҪҵ

ͣǰ滮½
ʿĵѣڶһɧζ

½һֻУһһڵĹâͨ紺ˮһͼֵơ
аֻӷһãҡҡͷϧˣҸϲƽ𡣡

ƽУСʿע׳ʿҪ٣
аѵϣģϾֵٻƽ𣿡

ʿ궼ûˣ¡Ը⾡Тһ
û˵꣬ϵĵӵ˵棬ţ

ʿæе
Ҫأ
̸ǮΪɳҪһܣǺܿϧȫó
컢ɽó̸Ǯİɽ̸һ򵥴ֱķӡܶԷ٣һɼʮ
ǧƽһҾʹϸһ⣬֪ô

ǧʿʵò
һηҽУһǻʵģϾʹ⣬ҴӦҴӦҴӦ

ķֵ̰СֻۣһƤ໽еúȱƵġ
س϶һʿдѪ飬ʿ
ĳļ磬Щȥţʱڣ˰ǧƽ͵ƽͷʱǴ˾ܻؼˡ

߶µŶ׼ߣһӵնϵĳԯܣȥǴ˵
ûˡ

Ծ³һΣϵǽǡ
ϵһʱȻӹһ˿Ϊĸܣ·һ˫۾ںڰпԼ
ĳ򣬺ʣʲôˣ

һֻҰèǽͷԾ£һ

龪һ
˿Ȼж
ɺͽԶȥͷ׼ôֻƽߣ糤ʿҸطʱ̻Ϊţջƽźţ糤ͰʿӴϡ

糤ȫĿɿڴ
ǵ⣬νѵһ¡ǿȰһ㽻ͨ¹ʰʿʲôġ
û뵽ôһ̡

ɽͰ͵磬㲻㡭٣
ʲôЦôûмģܸ𣿡а

ԶҲˣ桢Ҫǧƽ𣿡ʹңҲĿסˡ

̰Ǯðײáʲôţʲôʲô񡣡
ȡ֮֮񣡡糤һ˷ܣӳݣ̫ˣҴûôģ

ԶͺƽϢһе𶯣Ȼһ⣬ɵҺǮСӷˣǻʲô
п˿ϵ̾˿ʹҪʱǿˣҵûȥúѧϰ





12.  δ   ǿұа

ٶȸϻ˱Ժ̿һ飬ӪһҹսŬܶļ
ЩæˣһֱԼ˯ţǶû

۵ʱѾ΢΢ʱԺ緹Ҫȥϳˡ
һԾĨ˰ȥϡ
Ͽտգĳ˵ϯϣľϷ͵Ĺ

һ쵽г̹óģÿ۵ʱûһ˿ʲôʱʲô飬һҾһ׼
ô죬һ̤žͿԿڰ󣬴òͣӺݡ

оʮֲԾɣɨʣأѵû𣿡
һʲ֪ΪɣʮֻϲǼǹأлӹģڣûģڻӼӣֻΪҹδ顣

δ飿죬ȥĶˣ
ɣʵǱʹϳ㣬Ӳú̫ѧִ̣ԺͺˡһסôЩ죬൱ѵáæֻ̫ǽʲôҪ£ֱ˰ɡ

жһ໰
㲻˵һ
Ϊ˸ϻǧƽ𣡣

ɣϵŭģæ緹

ƨ
ͷҲصˡ

һɨصĵ⻨Ƣͦ󡣡
ɣס֪ʲôŮӣһԼҹޣܹ鶼Ҫġ

ʱ¶Ȼ顣

*

еҲ뿪ԺΪֹ
һ̤Ժ͸оƽˡ
ǧ
ǧ
ǧƽڵʲôŲµأ

ֱãȥסѧĺɡ
˿գɾȻڣץסͺͬͽһʲ֪һϲڣҲû

￩һ¡
ȵϿε𣬷糤ͽԶҲûг֣ѾԿ϶ˡ

Ѿŵܳʲô£
͵أ뵽ġ·˿ӵĸо
ʱһֻҰè˳ֻһִ
ǲǴأ

Ҳס׼ߡ
ʱ򿪣Ǵ߽´һ£Ҫȥ

е¡н²ͣ۵һ
û˵ֱ꣬۱λס
ָ޳ʿȴСгÿ죬üһ£Ҫõ˦ƫͷȥҺǣ

һȻɵش֪ʲô

Ҹ֪ʲô
ǵȥҲϲŭûò̫׼°ͣô֪֪ʲô

ǵң֪ʦõ
Ǽʹޱʱ򣬿ȥмºͣһ䣬ʱһɱ֮
кȻ𽪰һҹδ飬Դʱеۡ
ˣ϶ʿļ˱˹٣˵ñϣǸָʹô㲻ǵĴС¶ܡ
ԡͷ۵ؿڣҵ˶

ǿȥҲеͷۣң׸ʲôʵô
ҲûʲôǾǿǸʿ۸ƴˣԾƴ˳еȻ㶼֪ˣǻƽͻܼңϿúǻɣⶼҳģҲҸɵģǹϵ󡣡

ʲôüǰǿо
ֵؿһۣǿұа

һס

鶼ˣһȻǧǷӦòΰɣ

ͬܳ͢٣֪Σ
ǵȻˡеȥ鷳ġ

ʶؿڣֻúеѡ

ɫðﲻôйеʣ˵㲻˽ǳҲûϵ鷳鷳ˣȥǽٳ
˵žߣ̬ɵҪȥԸ

վסǴһ
лͷֻüͷŭݣ⣬ô

㲻ϿˣҸУһȦ

һȦȻе࣬ϵĳͷԻ˵ʵʲôͷУȰǷų
һδˣͿɡ糤Զ˴߹
һߣһ֣ԶԶؾ¶Цݡ
ͬк
磡

пǣٿüͷšĽǡ

ô£





13.     лһˡ

һне൱˳

ɺͽԶԭһʿļ˱ô죬ֻˣɵסٱ
ʿļʵʵһһĻƽ˴鶼ûڣһȥϽʿ롣

ǧƽǰʶһ𶧣ҧһڣ۾һ±˽ɫ
ԶҲ̲ס૵ֲǿʵǡ

һδˣֻơ죬ж˴ϡ
ɫ£Զһֻֻźצÿһצ涼ϵ
ÿһ涼һҸ

Խǵܼҵȥץǵģ
ѾһȦ̱УϣһҲмͷʪˡ
һȦûʲôǽΪѡġءֻ޴ͭ¯
¯ߣһţҵǵ·Ľǣǻסǵ档

ʵԶֹջǵʵȥˣʿҵ˸ûб١
һ㶣ûٽô֪ģ
ʲô磬һķϣһ䣺ҵټ֪ڸʲôɲһҪ١ԶָͷԼ۾ٶ׼УԺҪСЩ

գգۣһӷ𣺡˶ҵң

ɵֻҪȥ졣
Сڣѹɤ㲻ھڰпǡ

ԶǸ˵乫ϻȷʵ̫ðˣĲø磬ǹٱǿɾˡ
糤Ҳͷ磬ǽӸǶţһʲô£һᱻҸ

дŭ
ĸоûдڰжţ
˸һеǰɣ
һ߷ֻͭ¯תߡ

ţ졣

¯ײԺǽһƬ

㿴ңҿ㣺
ȻͳһȾܣֳ

һܣһ
أƴҪˡ

*

޺ӿһշӹֻʮԶöԶؽֻʮ̫ڿʮ껹δɣӰ˹ľľұԺĶ
̲ΣİѺ죬ӳýǵȫǱŭ⣬ʿôĵӣ

ʿͷɢңԩСˣÿһȥ϶˵¹ٵĲƲСôӣ¹¹ٻܳ˲ɡ

ңſпôģլӣ֪ɣǴĻΪ˰𣬴ǧƽѹ֮ǰʲôûѳԭ߿ȫɻƽլӵĲ˽

ʿһͫ͸һ˿ңǽԤϵľ֡
ɡ̰һϱҪ٣ҪʮҪն
ʿ̰Ŀʮζˡ

СˣʿȻϳţɷңһ˵

֤ȷ䣬ÿֶᱻ¼ڰǵլֻƽĻƽ

ʿĬһ£СҪ¼ڰ

ǲٸϻ̼ȡһӣϻմһλ˵Ѫ

˵˵ʿҧʵ˷С˲¹٣¹ԭҲ·ȥСˡСˣټֻ񣬲񣬽ҵ£֪أ¹ֻǸɣ˲ͷӣҲûôֱʣ

ɣˣˡ
λ飬սѣǽԶĸףǵ塣

ɫ
һӳʿ֪ҧˣһȣ

ʿҽУСˣ㲻ңֻҪȥһˣһʼˣʲô֪ˣ¹ֻǽҵһѣƽֻҵĹͷ

¼սսͣڰա
ĻҼǣɽɼ˶һֲҲǡ
ֻէŵһ۽ǵɫ

£ˮȶ˵Ĺʣ£
˸飬ʼ¼

*

뿪ηѵأɫҶƴ֦ͷƮ䡣
Ǵӵص˼䡣
п
󽪰ǰ벽ŽǵıӰ

ۺʱεأǵԶͦţѪȵĵõ˼䣬ȥûκβͬ
ƾ̷ľ飬оõӵĳ

εˡ˵ʲôɢɢӵע˸ʿôöûʲô֣ôһУţӵĴæһԱҪҪ£Իӵı£Ȼʮֵ

ǵĽŲûͣҲһ嵭Ҫԣçײ²㣬ࡣ
ҡ
ذ˻ˮ

һƬҶƮ䣬ͣļ
ҶӣȻҲ紵ʱҶӷ׷Ʈ䣬ȡ
һֻƤСѥһţҶٶȷһȺĻƽߡ


ʶԼˣǿ˼ƬҶ
Ҷļͷ䣬°ڴһڿͣͣƮȻ׹䡣

*

к
ƫƫҲ˷йΪûлرԺ
ɱڸϵã׼ãɸ֪ǽ尡

ʲô
壬ú͹ٸһÿѮһΣһ졣ɵ㲻֪𣿡

кޣҪһŽʲô߷ɣȻ䷴ӦҲ˵첻ϿΣ
԰

йһЦ˵
Ȼָ˾񣬲ϿΣ

ɴؿ
ʱһɱŵСȴսôתۼЦдůأ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ

*

һǣкóԵĶкʲȫҵ
ھǻϴ󡢰ɺͻͳһĽۡ
ڻлһˡ

ֻǣһڴտҲ
żеûѶ󹦷򣬾ʹһֻĹҵǮھֵĽͷŸɫʳһ߿һֻ±ᣬһ߻νһҲ¥

*

ſڣ뿴˱
һ¼үոﵱСһƣⲻټô
˵ŴһֻСϻ

뿴ʲô
˭ģʲôʱ

һʱǰһʮСӡ»û˵ֻ꣬Ǵڳ
Թµûʸֱͬ˵񣬽Сϻ롣
첽ߵߣ˵ˡ

ǣĶ
µѾ˸ˡ

ǵͷŽϻĶＷ֣ȥҡ

һöڵİָƳɣϿ롣
ֻһ˶ϵãԳʩ

ڣȻȥˡ
ңֻһӣ





14.     Ǿͼ

˲¥õĲ¥
һǲˮǮķ㣬ߵıǱ·ߣ˵һ׾Ҳ˵þʮת˵س
ʱ֣죬ȲĺȲ裬飬һƬ־
һ쵱в¥õʱҲƹõʱ
ԼСͬǺѣ۷ʱ̹ջϲݽǷڿ죬Ŀˡ
ԥԥģʹɫûȥ͡

ʱһ¥
ϰֻһ۾ջߡŭޱȴۣһͲǻˡ

Ȼƫƫſͣˡ
һλṫӡ
ݻԹοȥΪ͵ڣ䳤ۣͨ崿ɫһҶһİɫ޴ǻơ
ͦΣĿȴĳ˵ƣһֺĲ¥֪Ϊα㽥˵ľסĲȥˡ

һǸͷĹͣ
ƹæź

ǵɨ¥ûпеӰӣ΢һüʣ˵ô
Ǹҵĵ̻ƽҲסˣСһֱͷλ˽ûȥ

ƹæʵ֪Ҫʲôˣ
һʮСӣһѣѵôߣôݡҵĻ˵Ȼ
ƹŹֺù͵ĻᣬλСȷʵġСȥһ⡣

˵е˵ˣСӾλϣһһкã˵Ц

ȿ˿ǵˣȻλСȷʵС˵飬԰ˡ
ʣ˶ã
⣺ǵһˡ
Ķȥˣ
С˲֪λ˸ǮʹӺˡ

Ⱥžڲˮͷֱͨɳͨͷ
ҵĻûһ֣ͨһ£С˸ټ

һüͷת뿪
ƹĲſϲ۵Ľ䣬ýƴһ

ǽҵա
ղǻƳƹΪټ

ƹɫ䣺⣬Ҫˣǽҵټ
Ҳһ
ƹĲ¥￪ʮ꣬Ҳ˵ʮ꣬ƹһ֪û˵ʵ

ˡҧҧ֪СǸģҾͰһΰɣ
ȥĶˣ
˵ãҪȥѡ

*

ÿȥĳʱ鶼ܺá
ȥ֮ͿʼԽԽ㡣
Ϊһֱ䣬һֱ䣬һֱ䡣

ðָѾ䵽һ㣬һȫѺȥһȲϣӿ󣡡

ĳȱĶͽߵ˸۾ˣׯѡ
СС
󣡴󣡡

ׯҵҡû죬¾䶨

󣡴󣡴󣡡дӣ
һׯҵǳϣǲÿֻ㶿Ųǰðһѵ
ŷ֣жͽˡ
ǵԶһҸǽ԰γ˵

ģߡ
һȻ˽ǡ
֪ǲΪĳ߽Ϊ谵Եʣоýǵȹ׻ڡ

ҸɱĸĸׯҺͶĿ̼˸ɸɾ
һͼǣûׯ
û˸£ĳϰѳЦ䣬߶ûţõֵǽϡ

ǣʲôŭ죬Ѿβ˦㻹ҹ赽߷˶ٸߣ

ǽöָٵǰʣʲô
Ǹưָôǧƽ㶼ˣֻ˸ָ㻹˼ᣡ

թٸ߹٣ͬţ͵ʦ֮ҶĲ㵽֪֪

Ҵʲôǰɺ޶𣬡ôã춼ץſ飬ƨҲûһ˸Һ涢ҵңʦұɹΪʦҵ˰˱Ѫù

ããáǵżһһִＷٽ̵ңʦͽԵڴˣرȥ

˵ת֮ߡ

վסи߸ߵվϣ¸ıӰ˵Ҫҵ㣬˵̵Ҳ㣬ʲô˵ǰɣӲڶͲջ
˵ţγ˱ĵꡱһƴɳİγıУ

ͷһ̧ۣžߣᡣ

зζըˣãҵҪǲҼϴı£ͽֽҵĵ

İʵٽŽն¡
ӵϣסС
Ѿ񵱳ֻΪ̽һȫ֣ĵ׷׶ϳأѪѪصĵء

һЩסеĽȻ³һѪŵؿŻС
ǸһС壬ôֲܱ

ǣһ㻹Ҫñ˿𣿡

վſڡ
ѩսſڴͶһƬǷѩ׿յأǾվһƬ֮⣬ͦΣɽ

ת֣
ūȡ±Ľϻ
ȡϡ

޳ִһĽᣬˮһ͸·𲢲˼䷲ϵǻɡ

ס˽̧ۣڻϡ
кȻһֵĸоս˲䣬ʲôòͬˡ

˾һѳϻʣâ¶

ַâĳεʣڿлΪ쫷磬ֱ
ֱ䣬񱩡
ÿһͷ˿˷΢΢

Ҫ˵һϻ֪ⳡܾԲʧ

İһٶʮټ˵ʽĳ徢γɵľ޴Ѱܳܵġ
ѧ֮뿪컢ɽĴҸսһ⣬Щȫİ֮¶ϳء

ǵĽסĵھ޴΢΢䣬Ȼ󷢳һ죬Ϊһİֱҧʺ
дЦý

еĵֽ֮Ƭһɢѣɨĵطôĸվסš
ǵĽȴǳ£ûһ˿ϢӰһڻеĵϣ粽롣

ԽԽˣǵȴԽԽ䡣
⽣ӰУ׵ڶ߻ص
㲻Ҫˡ

Ϊʲô鷿Ÿ׵ıӰѵʿ˵ıǽң

ı׻عͷһ˫΢΢ĵۣһУ۽ǱԵ쳣˵ĺ񽪼ʮﷸʵϣֻûԭǵĶ

ǸףǹĲ

⣿׷һЦ͸һ˿ûнңĹ⣿

ŵؿ޷仰һӿ˵

ǣԵĺӣ̫ЩԭЩٽ㡣׵ᰴļϣסԭ͸ǽҵģѾռ˼ꡣΪδļҪǵðѱߵĶ

ĺһҧ࣬һֱڡ
üͷ͵һҧİĵֱۣ϶һӣȥƲڼľķڡ

лģͼĽǻһ㣬˳İĵͣʺǰ
ϵļܸоϵĺ⣬ԶһƤ

дأͷǰĻ̌ͷսĽǡ

ڵڵأǵķ˿Щɢңǰ΢΢Щʪ
ĽǣһġƿѵĴ֮С

п˺һŵؿڣҡˣ

ǳֻؽѽӸ˽ūתߡ
ȫһδ

Ӯˣôһޱӣ
п
ѾҪˣȻһҪ£ȥչ˫סȵȣȱߣ

ͣôҲԸ䣿
˾ˣʲôòϵģеһ¡

ǽ⣬Ҳⲻͷʲô£

ǸҷģҪ޾һҪ޸ܴҵˡվǰƬŽǣ˿ҫ΢΢Ź⡣
ţļ磬һּȻӮңǾˡ





15.  Ը   ֵǮ


Ƕݵһ£Ȼصüͷ֣
תߡ

ס䣬һ·һ·ģŮҪ˵ҵȻҪһġֻϴùңһֱ޵ϴ󡣵һϴѾϴ񹦣ѾǿˣϴѾдɩȻҿԺʹɩͷ󣬵ϴǲ⣬˵ǲǴͰ˰ɣڼȻӮңȻ

סڣǰٿȻת۾ң£ý֮ԣĸ֮ܶϷҵ£ҲҪ컢ɽҾʹ˱߲ͣ
һ䣬˦˻е֣һ̤ԯ

˳ƾ͸ȥˣЦ㣬ôı£ʲôûѧţأԸķ䣬ǰ¶Ƕˣӽ˵Ҿ

΢΢ЦҵҲôұ֤ġ
ģ棡һץסǵ֣Ͽҵң

֮ľȻдյǰ뽪ϢϢš
Եظоǵֲ˲ȻɿջԼ֣ĿûٿȥмֽӲٷõΣ

룬ʹһΣһ١¶ˡ
˱¶Լ㣬мֱҪԼĳжˡ

ԼϵĿ̫ԣֽǺӹһ˿Ц⣬̫ƮҲ̫죬ʧ
˰ɣΪһ˲ǱһΣ١

𾪣ô𣿡

ǣӷһ

зһҽУӣ

Ը⣿ýģҲԸǿ󣬶Ը⣬³

˽սһҧҧˣٿҲǿ꣬͵еġ
Ը⡣Ｗ֡

ǣ㣬塣

⣬ڵĹһ񾲵ɫǸˮ͸ġ
ǵü۽ĵĹüһֺǳǳġӯãͷŻӽӽȻͬ

ôӮ˻Ҫõӣ

һţһȻսһֳߵĳϡ

ǵһ١

Ĺߵ˻һߵġ첻µز˭Ҳţľ뿴ļӨȻϺõ֬΢΢Ź⡣
ڹͫ峺صӳ

ʮһֱؾ֮δһŮ
֪ʮֲףţȻʲô⣬ӦýһƿɣȴвԾճȭԿͻȻ

ʱдսĶ䣬𣺡Ը⣡ԸԸԸ⣡
֮󣬿Գһϵӡ

ǣ
ʣʾˡ

ؿԼλãüӣ𣿡

ǶʾӣǱԺ
Ժҧ֡
ļ΢΢̧ͷ̫ˣ̫ϤӵһһС
Ȼ͸żĲȴûһ˿ͳ֮ǰֳüе㺦µظУʧˡ

ҪʻȻʲôȻǱʲôƵģһӴһ£
Ծ˶ķ

̫죬ײԵļ롣
ڵĽʾҪȥץ

һֳס˶ͷ˰֡

ӾȺ
һִӶķ߳ʲôΪӮһѣȻС

ǸеһԿۣȥˣ
Ȼˡ¶ҪʼеһӮˣȻҪǮߡ

ǵǶмֹĿ࿴Ͳˣ
ȻԸķ˵̾˿ˣǲզأƷǾ쵱ġ

ǵͷƷƷһ룬ߵ˱иˡ

ǡнӵһžԣֲȷɵؿǲˣ

ǵһͷɢķ˿ļձߣסı顣
оüмչȥЦһ¡
Ȼ̧ͷΪӣ̵ƷƷˣ

ϵһĳºͣп㲻ԣֻáŶһĿұϡ
ɫǵİƵĵطһ۹ȥʲôŷɫѾе㲻ͬӦȾѪ

ҪսϸЩǺȻֵ̧סĿ͸һ˿

뿴˵ô˵ԾǵְۣŪˣлһ˿̣ʹ𣿡

пһ˿͵ĹУ˿̫ϸ壬ƽʱֵģȫȻͬ
ʹɷЩҲŵһЩƤ˶ѡ

ӣԲסǻʵ̫ˣ˶ҵңⲻǣʵòУ˵

£ǹġǵ

һ㶡

ټİԵѵУӲƴӲҲǶ֡ǿĿºͣҪӳİҪƣİܴɽȻΪİƣȴ£ֻӭĵ棬һþδʱҵǱƣ˳ƶΪɲǡ

죬ԭҲб
ЦЦ˷ԶԸһȺˣҲԶԸһˡ

мЩҰ

ǿڳϣǰʮƪ۲ϣ˵
˸ͻǸҲѾô

ûп۾˵Լдġ

У
走Ūȥˡ

*

˱Ժɣһע⵽ǵ䣬ŵû겻壬æҩ
Ը£

ǣȥ

УɣҿģȻҩ
ɣһ£͵Բ۾

ɣͺáǵȻװŮбΪԼǣ֪ô

ֵǮӸû˵ţҩޣ׼򿪡

֣˵ʲô

ϣָ޳Σֻðҩ޷Ž

ǻ
УҲ֣Ա߿Ҳ𣿡

ǣС
Ϊʲô

ɣһӣҪҩȻҪµġ
УǾͿ

Ƿ˹ͨĴ㣬ץסеһѰ⣬Ȼš

аסŰ壬ϣһôˣһֲһ⣿ҵÿ˵ô

ϵĹ̫ˣԵý΢΢һ١
˵ˣµġǿͳͣУҲû˶ҡ

һô֪ҽʿ룿нڲ¥Ǹ
Ϊһֱ˶ŵʿ롣ǵڽڲ¥ǵ̵ĻƣϵҵİָΪ͵ġ
ȡָֻŽģպˡٵûˡ

šһ¹ϣпĵָס
ѾĶһǮûֻˣ






16.     ӣúӣϲ

Ժļҹϣʮ
ֽдģװѹ˽ʾᣬ˶ǽϡ
вᡣ
ʳʳܣƱĲϡϰȤȫˡ

ǻҿһɰӡ࣬ʾӡ
УбҪ𣿡

տƾΪ֤ǵ£Ͱ

ҧҧһֻĽӡžһ£˸ʺӡ

ǣ
ǻѺĳֽɵѪ׷ɱ

*

ѧשͷص飬ʼдۡ
ɸĥīһĥһ߶߶ʾ㿴ҵ˵ܴʰ㿴ӷ˰ɰ
з̧꣬ͷʸ˶׼ʺن£ͱ㡣

ס졣
ﰲ

ȻзԼˡ
ΪԼдȥĽڶҲˣ

ڲൽ˽ڿεʱ䣬аֽţһ˸߲ңߣϿȥ
ɣ
ǰûֻôѧϰ

վþˣϻǹٷ
ĹٹٷһƮݣ۴䣬˳ߣȣ߽ʱΪĹٱʣݡ

սĶս󣬽Ҫɳʾһұۣļ̌ʮ˿ûȷʵ˵¡
ſʼΡ
зӵĿϲǵĿΡ
еĿϲʾΡ
ĿϣҧĽ֣ǷֳһССĺ˫ɫģһͽΪΣһִ죬һִ죬ÿƳһ˧ɳ϶ս

ǰ˧һǷ糤ԽԶ֮˱λֵԶԻС
ԶܵĲãҪˣﰲ棬ﰲ˶ϺΧǱɣ
Ķʡ
ңԶָһС죬ҵȻɽͷ϶ս
ŶеͷְһСˣˡ

ԶΪʲô
Ϊֱӿ˧糤

Զоӱ˵ָôԶôܣ
룬һͿˡеûмҳɽȥһҲˡ

⡭Զ˵ûӣֻõⲻϳ
ǳǻ硣糤ʼ磬˲ԣͿԡ

Զ뻨еı£ȷʵûϡô䣬ʵڲģȵ򽪰ǡ
ǿʤ

һ㶣վۣѾʼԵݣ̵ֻÿν׷ϣӣΪʲôҪ䣿ϻ˵ģҿǵ˧ǻӮ𣿡

ɫһЩ紵Ҷ׷Ʈ䣬ǷһȺƺ
ǵָڱ󣬲ĻǰߣûмҲûİûһ㻹ܿԷ˧𣿡

УУ
ֻƴʵôеսУֻҪһ˭Ķ࣬˭ıǿ߱ԶϳʤҪĴˡǵνٵıٵȥȡʤ뵶ԳΪ㲻Ϊǿǳı֡
˵ţͣе۾Ҫȥɱз˧ɱˣԷĸ˧أ˧ˣƫأֻǣûгɹأԼȫˣĲأǷԱסǽǻĿȥ

гĬˣе㲻⣺˵ΪҪհǰ˺󡭡
ΪߵĹڽʱ˺˼ȫ֮󡣡
иˣҪô࣬ô
ֻ۾Բģʢڰ״ѡ

˧Ϊ֮ڰС

һ¡
ǡһô

Сģ
ߴͽľʲôлûعͱһס硣
˵°ڷһСС쫷磬ϵĻҶŷ
бһ࣬ǽڣǰͬǵţ˳/ǹأһ˳/ǹ˽ǵұϣȻ¡

иоǵֱɲǼüͷ֮
˿ڵλã

ӶԲ𣡶Բ𣡡
ͽǼæΧֲ̿ѡ
һ/ǹ׼ȥУ֪ǰ˿Ǿǰһʱ̫Լһӣһǹǰ˳ȥ

ŭԲиƨ

ǵסȻתȺͽѾָ糣ȥɣ´СЩ
ͽ߲Ǹмʰǹæ뿪ˡ

еȥУ߼ɽǱ߸ȴҪߣǹ㡣ƽʱҲͰˣҵ˿ڣôˣ
𾪣ƽʱǷú

ǵСӺõܣͽĳƽƽңҲֻһ·ȥɣ̫ϡ

ֵؿһۣӣΪǸ㣬·һְٰ

ǣѵǣ

Ȼǣеͽе񰡣ģ

ǳĬһ£ƽƽڴˣ

кȻһѪĳ嶯ƽƽá
סΪȻǵұɫϣ䦳һɫĺۼ
֮ǰ˲ͽüͷ
˿ںѿˡ

ǵ£ѧҩ
ƽڻѧ·ϣڸս֡

ںܾԺ󶼻ǵʱƽ顣
ǵþǵ񣬼ǵҶƲãһƬƬɻƽɵġ
ټãӺͽÿһ˶кûһ˷ֱѪ

ô
ѧǰʡ

ˣͷĿ㣬ӣúӣϲ

ǣ
ҽ̵ĺ׵ģһ𣿣






17.     Ұ

š
ǷԸ

ѹû˽ȥ˳ֹţ˨
ûǿڵĻᣬ·ҵҩ˵°ͣ·ˡ

üҩңĪ֡
˭ˣѣȻҾˡ

УϴһɫԼԡ
ӣԽĪľģֻˣֻҪ㲻˵Ҳȣ˭֪ҸϹҩ

֪һһֵص֣ҩҡ
УҰӣ򲻹ҵġ

ҧȻҷӣҵĻ
ҲҪûееҾͲ֪ŤʲôҸϸҩô㡪
һ仰û˵꣬һۣŰͷ۰Σתߡ
еˣһſڣʲôȥ
ޱ飺ȥҩ

㡭
мֱ֪ô˵źãı飬Ҳ֪ô˵źã˽һг³һ
㿴ͷģʱ˾԰ɣҪǲҩҾ͸ˣˣ

һ

ͷԼ¶ˣһһҪӲñ֪µĴ⣺ߣ¼񡭡

һס졣
̫δ˼õ֡˿ǣһ/嵽ͷҧסʹѹֳһٵĴϢ

вٷϻһ½
󿪣¶ӣׯһֱ䵽⡣

Ǵ󾪣һ̧־Ҫ񿪻С
иûбܿһ£ǵʵʵײϣǽͷ˼־ͷͷصƫһ¡

ס
ȻͷһֱϣסģһɫĲеɿλε¶ɫ¡

Уƫ۾żŭ

ôӣһѧòɣͷ˶һµұգһ˿Ѫ˻еۡ
á
һ¾Ϳסʡܶ࣬Ӧһžôɵġ

ýŹ˰ӹѽǰ¡²գҪ½ǵټӹһ¡

ǣң

п۾ǿҪðҲһ˿нҪȥͶˮ֤֮ơ
𶯰еϺҩҾ͸⿪

ǴʱѾûƢ㣡

а·һ㣬¶ϱۡ

ԭһȦɴѾѪʪ͸һƬ
ѪɴԵ߳γһϸϸѪߣֱļ»

ü
Ѫñжࡣ

ȥɴֱָ۵Ƥȡ⻬ԣ̺Žʵ

ƺһõأڸʲô
ǸǸˡмɴӣƤͦ͡

ǵȭͷսˣＷ֣ڶݺݵأ죡

еˡ
ΪΪɴ˿ڡ

֪һûʲôأֵö絭壬Ϊ˵ûʲô
˿˿ѪⷭתȻѾ룬֮ٶѿѪֹ

ްȻ̧ͷŵؿǼҵް

롣ȻǽڣüҪϾͿЩ

ҧҧСҩȥκ־ϸʵûʲô飬ҩõǣ·ϡϡ
æӰָոؿڣǾ͵һż˴κһ㡢ʲô

бķӦŪˣΪ䵽ʲô˿ڣ㶵
ãǺҩҩЩ

ŶٽҩˣֹסѪˣָסٴη
ԼûˣҪú㡣

ңǵһۣɿҵ֡

У㲻ܣ
ϵıӽҶˣʲô

Ѱ˼һ£ҲǣҪܣƱҪȴѣѵʱѾ߰˴ˡ

аҩƿݸǣҩƿûжȻûлعϵѡ
衣ûϵⶼʲôʱˣûϵ·

ŻعԼ˿ڱһҩۣҩ۱Ѫס֮һ㡣

ַȴ򻹴֪ҾԼˡ̾㾭𣿸Լҩϵô
ĻסĿϡ

Ƥ𪣬һʼûͣϣм̺ۡ
̺ѾˣȻǺܾ֮ǰľˡ
ϸһͷҲС
ط·סˡ
Ҳûӣ־½һЩ

һδˣʲô
ҡ뿴㻹ûбİ̡գգ۾ӣ㻹ľ˰

ʱС˶ѡǰԼ½Ще㲻ڣԶһЩ

ŶйԹ˰ӣԶط¡
Ȼض¶塣
ʣ̵ýǲð
ҧû˽̹ʲôз𣿡

û̹Ȼʲôзӡ
ҧǲĶܿ

кɣ㲻ϵõ棬Ҳûһˡ
ǣǲõĶܿ

ͦÿϵصֻԲа̣ô硣ϴʲôãụ̂ΪĻ񹦵ǹ룬̶Уϧˡ
˵꣬һ뷨Լؿڣ˵ҪҪŪȥҲһ㡭

һ
ҩһƬٷ϶õǡ

ôôСģҩɾôһƿܲˡ
˵žҪæǴһ

бǰ̽ƣס

ǿʼԼ˿ڿֹܲһȻؿΪʲôôµûţһЩ

״´һָȥ£˵ھͷһ

õٵִУ̰Լֻֻε졣

΢΢һٸԼһҩ

ܲܶڲԣӱⷢ£ҩƿ൱ÿֻСҩƿʮ

ϸ۲죬ʵںÿԵʡ

ʮָ޳ָԲŵġɫ

۾һûסӣָȾɻ𣿡

ҩƿٶȵƫһҩȫˡ





18.     ֶ

ѪǿֹסˣǴԼɴ
ʵڿȥӹɴαߣһȦһȦֱۣ˿ڿڹϡ
ȫ̽Ƕۣûп
۽Եøⳤƺе㷢졣

а֮˳־Ҫ½ȥȻԼ

½֮£Ҫߵˣа

νءŶһ

һֿľ΢΢̾˿ˡ

벻֪Ҳͬ

˵ʱԽ࣬˵ӷԽͿӶô࣬ⷽѾûˡ
ʲôֵƨ

߽ԶȥĽǣٿУѹɤʵ磬Խʲôˣ

ҩʱȻеֹ֣һõѣͳ׵ƽκһգжʲôԣ̲סʣ㿴Ƕʲô

磬˵㣬ʿİѱڽأҲһ㣬ôܶԽӶֶţɿģ˭ǽҵټδˣҪԸ㣬ֻҪһ仰͡

Ȼдֻ۾Ҷֶˣ
̾ҵүϵϵȵУ˳ƮƣҲʮֽԶͻӣԱĹٵǱŵúܡ㿴ӴȥӶʲôˣ

룬ֶţҲûС

һ˵ԭеִ硣
Ȼصʵֻ֡

ɣ
һü𣿣

*

в֪ɵľѾ۴ˡ
صԺʱɣʹһôˣɫѿǲﲻ
ҡҡͷûʲôֻ˶Ϳˡ
ȻͿգҲֻдһƪ

һƪȥͰ͵ı۽ǰѾ׼㽪ٺݣҲŲܶ֡

дǡӡıۣǰɣ
е̧ͷǵȥȻͦº͡

ƪ
еͷ

սߣϣʤƳߣأ罭桯֮һֱǱҪѡѡúܺá
߱ϣÿһյˣһſŴ׹ǳҡҷůĹâ
âڽϣкȻ鷿ĵƹἫˡ

ǵҲἫˡ
У֪ʲôǡ桯𣿡

Уֵֹ͡ӣ

桯롮ԣ确롮ԡǵ˶ѡ񣬿Գ֮Ϊ˶ѡ񣬿Գ֮Ϊ桯

еˣԡ桯ǸҲһ

ǵͷ˶ֽֽеķǶȺͳ˲ͬһʱӦҪһΣ˷б㲻һˡ
е۾ҪҪһΣ

űۣһ£ú
һֽѣƮƮģȫֻۣееֵģȻһʮʮֵĸоһγԵĸо
ģ˿˿ġ

ƹζǸ鷿ڶһ㲨⣬еһ棬һҲ
ΪǵÿһͶһӣÿӶһϵĵʣԼֱΪԼ顣

ȵ¡ƪ꣬вžѾʱʱøƵġ
ӺеԭôʱͶˣȻһʼֽ

ǣֽʱδ뵽㣬һֻš
к棺ôֽѵƲӣ

ǲϰ˵Լ£еڵ¿ӨȻ͸ĺˮ΢΢۾ֽΪҪд֡

УǾͲд¡
ҡҡͷһ˿̾ϢЦ⣺㲻ס

һץס֣ҰңҾˡ
ǵһ£ůֻСſϡ
ָųȭһһ㽫ִ³˳ϥϡ

ڶƵúܺãƽ糣ףʵͦá

лҪ˵ǵƪûȥһƪҡ
űһݹġ

͵˼ˣֻôԼıۻ
ɣʮܵˮȻֿʼ߶߶ҹҹ˯̫ˣпվ͸ȰȰɡᣬӻסɵ˾֪ˣܵѽһһҪֻġ

ԭһ¾ˣȴû÷֪֪Ϊʲôֽ

ɣ߶˶֮ĵһηӣǲ֪Ӹտʼʱֲд֣Ϊ˲󹦿ΣԲŸĳֽġ

ûɣ̲ס
ûùߵ־ÿӶѣο

ӻڣӹûңոһ𣬶ҲֻǷܶѡɣ˵һ̾ǺӲˡ

Խǣǽҵĳӵ˳ڣ˴ӱǿǣ˫ȫֱ塣
޵ĳûа취ë

ϧӢţڶǰһɽԽǲ۶˾ʱʮꡣ
ʧӣʹȶ

һ꣬ʮꡣ
Žһ͡ʻŽһķͷһ͵ֳеŽδĴΣʱ⿪ֻһжΪֹˡ

֮ӾǱһˣ鷢ݣʼѧ䣬ҵüޡɣе㷢ɬ˶˵˺øһž޵Ĵӣһ͵ĶӡֻЩһֱӳ˲֪Ϊ˳Ϊӣ˶Ѫ˶ٿࡣ

°ͣе㲻ĸоǡе¡

ԭ˶ݵĽӣҲԼĲⰡ

*

ڶ컨ֻ˰ʱдһƪۡ
ԼдһƪԼе㲻š
ɱֽīʱ򣬾ͿһݵԼĴ̾Ҳ̫ţ˰ɣô֣дģ

ȻΪ˴ʣȷд֮һʲôʱдôˣ
еһЦ׼ȷ˵Ҽҷӽ̵úá

õλˣֻΪ㣬һֱ˹ԣͷֽڿ죬ʱðȣûбᡣ
ֽźīʯָ֮Ҫʯ

ʣʯ
ɣ˼һ¯Ժǽˣ

У

ѾɣͬźһţȨŷ硣
ɫ罥ҵʯʱҲˡ

оܡ
Լ굱һ£ҪҲܡ
ֻǺûܼȻɲסţвײϡ

ʲôʡ
ĳ򣬱˸ơ

˳ȥ
ǰ治ԶôţǵͣſڣվԣȻǸ

һɫɡͷִɡֵֽ񣬴һɫȹоһ֧׵

Ӵ˶Ȥˣ˭
ѹƽĿСӵĽ㣬⡣ 





19.     ôˣ治Ҫ

ɣε߶һ·ἰ
ǾǣȢ˭УǲȢշġ
ɣô˵ʱ򣬻ͶԳ۹⣬·вշ磬˼¡

ԭҺͽҼһ¡ԼҵŮ޽ԷļöԷ´ԼѪļ̳ˣԱƶԷ
һսռϷ磬Ϊ̫/־ԵʣҳŮԼΪ󣬵ҵļ˿ɲһշ硣

һ֪أҾûһ
ҲδģΪֳɵĹûУĿȴһץһѣһֻһʥּ£
ؼͿûпץסټġ

ЩеĽܳòдʫģֻᵯֻᳪֻ裬³
ŮˣȻеŮ

еǽԶ

Զ˵ǲܼ޸øģ˾շ˵δļˡִø磬ͷֻഺ˵Ϊ˵ЦĽȻȥ

糤ŭ𣺡ҽôãȻҪ޸ϲˣֻ/ҹԶ㣡

ͬã˲ܵڶŹ춨һľ֣깫֮ʣ˭ʤ࣬˭Ӯ

ԶӮ糤ٲϲ⡣
糤ӮԶЩͷɽʶⱲӶ³

ͳǰˣ۾ϸϸֻùȻ鴫ԶС۹治
ҲŮૣ˭˵أ

ʱȴһȥǾܾǰɡڵͷһ 
Ҿһ֮ʣ̧ͷߡ

˵ĻҲв֪أؿüͷһ¡
˳£Լͺǣһ֡

ͬѰʲôüë
ое֣ܿ죬ˡ

ڱշĹΪӣȻǰæͱһԿ֣𣿣

ɿ˺ɣ˳һ·˵ļ·ͣ־Ͷ·˵ɡ
·ˣ

·˵ķŭдɡ
ɡǰһ½ɡڹͷǺԿࡣΪ°ձԼ

ȿȡɤӣʡʡɡʲôŮܲףҼҷӴҲ㹲һɡġ

ͷ
ԶѾǸŮ֮£üĿ续ƣһµ˶

û취ΪТӣлǵúĳذɣӴɡ

⿴˿ɡɵɡˡ

̧ͷһȻɡȱ˸ӣбϸƮһ˶ǿ˻
У
ݺݵ·һ֮ۡǰ𣿴ɡʲô

ʱ·ţ·˱źۣһյɵش˸

ƱˣҲһѣָ˵ָɡһһĿӡ

ҲˡеҵĻЩ

ˮӿϷգǸ׵Ļ˾Ө¶顣
вؿڣԲۣȻˣ

˵òǾͷչ˺Сˡӹһ˿飬̬ȴȻ󷽣򽪰΢ʩһ񣬡ˡСŮһ

У

Ǳߵ̫̫ƽƽ΢΢ף㣬

˽ôţӰ񻣬˶ˣп˶ҪĶ
һжϣȻûижˡ
Ҫ֪ǳܻǴܣжûµġԷôίί̣зе顣

оǰɡսǣпӣôһ˶ֺã治Ҫ

Ѿմ˿ɫǶ˼ϸܵɫۣҲмʪ⣬淢Ե÷īһʯˮϴɫˡ
ûȥԶȥӰڻϣδѧʱΪʲôѧڣ
Ϊҵıд˰е⡣
д˼ƪ

мƪ
һ٣һƪô

ǿҪдʮƪдһƪʣµľƪأ
գ۾

ɡºͽǶӰΣȻ𽪰ǵ֡
꣬ʪ䣬ǵůʮ
ֻסǵ־ͽ˽˲

Ҹ߹㣬㴩װҲĪҪԼǸҡѹȥмҧгݵζҪӵ֣֪

Ļû˵꣬Ϊһ˲аɡġ
Ƕס

֪ŮܲԽ֣Ǻﹾģһ߹棬һѾת
ֱȴסʣʲôȥ
ѧд۰

üβˣ
ϣӵĿΣȻҪϵġӵ񲻴ðͷβüͷһֱţüĶһˡ
صӱ£Ȼϲǿ´һġ

ǣ
ǣġ

ӣڰ·˴ˣСŹȼǣȻѳŵԵɽһǮбԹҪɡǰӣҸˣƫ˼ҵģ˼Ǯɡˡ

һδˣǮӽһԲ۾ӳ˽ɫ
⡭һŽ飡

Ʒˡǵ
ͣɻ˵ˣⶼǵӸģ

ôߣкͺɵԴһǮǿŽ飬ͳһĿ¶⡣
УɣɡҲֵ̫˰ɣ
ѽɼǶԵģܺã

ܺã
𣿻вš

ȻѾ߽ŵĽǻعͷüԳǵܼӵƣʱһ䣺

æȥ֮ɲסţľͣסţ롣

ǵüͷ壺ʱڻ꣬ô˿ҵô죿

㣬壬ѩˮҲµġ

Ǵٷϻ

йԹ߽ɡ¡
ʵɣɡ߶©ֻ꣬ڵסһˡҲֻǴСѡ

ڶƪдʲô
Ǵɡ߹տУҲմ˼ˮԱȷºһЩ

ƪɡ
ô
ȫûС

Ƕһ£㿪ʼ
һԭݣһ˵ͻȻͱ
ֱͣ½ŲɡŷѾ˿ᡣ

Ȼһ١
ǼͷȫɫȻǸˮʪˡ

ʶǰɡ
ɡǽǣˮɡѻڵϻССһ顣

ְ©ǰͷǡ
ѵǷӽúһͶ룬֪תɡԼ˶֪

ν棬尡
̾





20.     ôԣ

¿֮󣬷糤ѻдõĶϽϡ
õС԰Щľɽʯм仹һͤ
ֻͽÿ춼/۳˻

û߽оͿͤǵӰɲסţǡ㣿
糤⣺ô֪ҽ㣿

˵۸
˵оϲң㣿дˡ

ǲǣǿȫ򣡡

һ죬е۾ˡ

*

뿪ʱ
䶼ʪ˰ߣʱһ㶣Щôµģ
ûдֻʣ£

ͬߣͽ̫࣬΢Ƨĵ
һߣһֻǿЩˣ㣬ֻһֻһһ˵üʹһۡ

ǰߣûнӻ
ڹЩЩͽǱҪȥˣߵĿοͣôɷһӡ

ιԲѧڵı֣ʵսĳɼÿʮ½һγĻᡣ
ԽǺȿӵݣȻǲеġ

ʽҪҪȥ·ӡ
ǣǸûա

Ķﶼˣ˸ֻۣΪ㵯㡷ҲŲһַ
ܿһ£ˣл᲻̫Щ˳Զٺˣڿǳʱ򡣡

⼸컨ûȥڲ䷹е֣ʹС
еʱһʹҪúӵĻζҪȥ

΢΢̧̧ۣŶô˵
ѵûû/ǽôӰȫ˲١
λСһ𳤴ĺѿ˽ⲻǴ˶һºͣʵ˶ž룬ڻȴϿò顣

Ϊǿ֮ġ
ѾͣˣҶˮ⣬żһΣϣ΢ĺ⣬ɡ©ˮ
ССͣѾ˫ֻҪԼӴĥΪֻСԹˣҲҪЩ˼ӣԼܽʹͨΪ֮ʵΪˡ
˵ţһԴ̾ϢȻܶ˵гЧˣҡ

µĻû˵Ϊһת䣬Ϳǰͤ
ȻҲͤˡ

糤վʯԣǶֻüӰʯƺһֻ䣬
оǵĶ棬ŴĶһ˫۾ùԲӺʱ
ˮҲѾˡ

ƮŨ㣬ӣǿ򡣰ǣ˼СӶʲôⶼˡ

תߡ

׷ȥͤͳˣ߻ͷ·ɵƺôһءҵν˶æҪ·ô

ǲ˵øˡ

ͼȰСӰɣܵԽ̰ԵԽȻҪͽģͱˣûͽжܳ𣿽ŲԣȻܲˣ˵ˣõǵ˶֪˭ס

ӣ
һվס˽ţع

ľ䣬⣬мʯɵСдСܹӯѸһͷɽ÷¹

ô
ͷֽǿʮأеˣеοе㡣
вɿ˿Լʲô

СУû𣿡
ʣ˵ʶкɨǧĸɷôһ͸ɵһͷ򣬲̫ܰɣ

𣬱ᣡʹѣߣ߿ڻŵüζ
һ˵һ𽪰ǵ־ܡ

ͼַֹһһعأӶ˷أɽͷֿ񱼵飬ܰѽë

ȻֻһͼǸŻ
ȳһԶнſ죬ǡõֽһ˲˾Ȼһ˸粢硣

סˡ
ܾúܾûмˡ
ԴʮҲûпĽǡ

ʱպĳִң㱼䣬Ǹһֻˡ

ôһ˾Ѿܳ߷Χ

Ҫһܣһʲô˼

*

һֱܵУߣвͣ
ֱǽٺվͿס

ǵĿϣʵôϲ⣬Ϊʲôԣ
⻹˵ӵĻ¡Ҳûʹ

ǵ΢ͣôԣ

㣬ʵҾе֡
˵糤˵У֪Ƿ糤ĺøǣ˵кԿȫ򣬽糤˳ֿһֻ÷糤ͺøͬ

רΪ˸ģûʲôôͷϣôø
˵ţЦп˽һۣһۣţݿרעôô˾Ŀ
ԣһ˵ˣңźýӽ㣬ףڴ⡣ȻҪֵסջ󣬺Ҽҷ

ˡ
Ҽҷӡ

֪Ȼ֮ǣЩȴСʯͶģڽﵴ

סԼͷĶƽʵβһֻѣ»˶ҡ

ôģܣҺΣһѾ۸һΣôεεĴˣ۸е㲻ġҵЩҶţҲһԼ̵̲ס㿴ס

˵ɷôĿ̵סҾͲϻʲô̲סģӣɣ

ǿһĨЦ⣬ʵ

ǫ崺磬ʱЦ⻨лû
ǳ峺͵ˮϵĴ⣬üĿ

ôǿأʵ
ӣҷЦֺÿģһ㶼Űءָ˱ǣԺҪôЦһЦ϶Ἰꡣ

֡Цݣ˶٣״أô

ţһ߰ʮͷӡ

ǣ

ʶԼһСľ˵˴ʵϽҽڿȥдˡ

ոתֱ۱סǵȥд

գգۣҾҪȥд

ǣؼȥ

һʱԼĶ䣺ڣ
үûɣ

*

ɣһϵѶǰʪģȥ׼ˮͽ
û£ⶼˡͼֹκɣ˶ȥԶˣˣӽҪ·鷿ա

һסĺ죬ǣȥԡ꽪
ϴ赹ˣôѺȵһٸ⣬ˡ
Ǽһ䣺겻ϿΡ


۾
Ϊȫ򶼷ˣҺȽ

߷߻ط
컢ɽһͳһǾǶϴ¶ôԡ
νϴ裬ǰԼˮһһݣͿһ飬ϴϴɾɡ
ɣ׼Ļꡢ衢֬ȵȵȵȣȫԣûжһ¡

ôɣе⣬пɣﱧһѣҲе⣺ӻûϴã
Ӷ꣬˷纮ȻҪһˮźã㲻硭
ɣ˵סһת
ôӵһôؼңʣһΪ
ǵһ䡰ȥһݡͱ һѸӣ߻е㼱¡

Ŷ
͸·ˬؽ˹






21.  ҵ   ҶҵˣҴ𲻴Ӧ

ˮ뵣ǿԡĿ
ĽˮůĴ˽컨һ̡

ָָ⽻գഥ½

һˮڵƹɿˮԡ졣

ߴŲӦɣ·
ֻɣ·ûһ뿪Ųԡ

ԭҲ氡еԡ𣬡ϲˮ

Ȼס
һһͷͿſԡϣԴµؿ

ǣ

ԭǴ·ߵģû뵽һˮʱ۾̾Ϊֹ̲סͽĦһ¡

߱ƵĹâ뵵ˮ·һģÿһϸˮ֣ƹӳ⡣

ǵͷˮ淢īգѸڲ䣬һֱˮ棬ˮһƮɢ
ļһˮ⣬ʵŲ֪ΪŭΪлһм̺ۣѾסţ˭ģҳȥ

пԵطˣǹǱϷӣʲôúߵģǰֵһģʲôû

û˵꣬ͼץԡԵѣͷ¡
дͷű˸ʵʵҪǵﱥżŭ⣺

Ҳдһ
һˣõľȻ˵֡

תȥ

ߣ߻𣿡
ϸܺʵڵһ˿ⶼ͸һĨôȥһ

ǽתǰתֱš

ˣǰȥֺܿš
ţ硣
ڵƹ͸ǵӰӳϣڼȻû

ӣʵ㲻úߵġŹ֮ǰԴ̽ɿصĲһа̣û˲ϲģ

˵š
ͬʱϡ顱һ죬֪ʲôϡ

һЦ
ãƤʵ̫ˡ

*

鷿ĥһīʱ򣬽ǹˡ
ͷѾ纵һ˿ңϵ۴ûʲô顣

죬Ⱥȡ
ŲСëץʱƨ

󣬿һۣô
зͷ˺˺ˡ

ǿƶأûС
ˣдսţһζ

սˣҪǵĴ
ǵϡ
ĴСɶտʼСӣң⣬Ź㡣


͵ؽӺ󳷣֮󣬼ǰĽ

ؿ
ʲôΪʲôͻȻ˹Ƶģ

ڽǺָܿ򶨣һָǽˡ
Уˣ
ֻû꣬Ϊˡ

ûȣɣһʱ֪𳤣ٲԷӷһ㶼ô

в鲻Ըض룬ڽǵע£űӣһЪŰһ뽪ȡ
Ȼһ飬ӸɣҲ̫Ѻ˰ɣǣûǣ۽ʲôУ

Щô
һ˵һеݹȥһˮ

нӹȥ๾£Ǿ˵ζԼ̲סʵô֪ģɣ״ˣ
ѾɣˣȻɣҲɣ·¡

ˣȻ嵭ȥһƽݣֻǹһ˿ǳЦ⣬񷽲
ڵظ

У

׼ʼϿΡ

ȵȡתܳȥƬ̺¶һ뽪㻹ûء

ǿǹңǱң
Цòã˵ģТ㣡

΢΢Цһ£Ȼڴע£һ˽һ׿ˮƽ

Уֿ㵽ôޱȥģ

Ҳ࣬ûгԹҩ
ȻûСһСʱϴ˭䣬ڱѩû¡

ǣ
ǺܸȥĻ档

˽ʰ룬ǺͻпʼϿΣϵһʱɣȻܽӣˣѾˣ

ǽεʱһֱºͣ޵ģһĴ磬ʱȴɫһ䣬еı鶼һ¡
Ȼ̾˿úÿ졣

ԸУ£ĿϵȰƪ

ŶйԹߵſڵʱ򣬽ǺȻסڷʲô޹أ֪ô

ʲôɻ

ûлشֻֻҪ֪ʦΥҪġ

*

кԭ֡
ڴϣҼԭͱȻʵ۵Ҫ

Ŭйؽԭд˵ƺֻ˵ƴ׳Ȩ죬컢ɽ˺ȸ˾Ըȥԭ

ûǵɫء
ʲôô

ֽд˼֣зԼû취дȥˣĵ鷿֪鷿ſڶٸ
˵ˣܡ

ðɣ˵ųȻǴ
ҪͷȥŲȴȻס

ƿ죬ǡžһ
ǳӵ

ֻнһԸ棬Ȼûжӳӵĵ԰ӵֻһǾǽǣ

жݺһҧ鷿

ʲôˣ
ǰεʡ

нŲͣ
ûдһѵ
ѰĵҲƥЩǶ֣ûܵס

һ߿˷š
鷿뿪ʱһһо˿ңֻ鷿˴ʱڵϣ֮ǰڷڻֹǼѣѾ͸Ѫۡ

űӵһ޳ӣȥѾᣬȴ˸һݿ㡣
̬·Ĳһӣһ֦

Ҳ/үġ
ŭһһն¡

вɣ
ڵϵĽǼס֣Ҹף

ľô𣿣п԰׵ɫһɻĸоֺһ뽪ֿ˻ûкã

ԭҶﻹпˡԭ΢ЦӲ̣ӹҽ̵޷ÿ˼Цˡ

Цһʱеò׼ʲô˼ſ˫ۻڽǰˣ㲻ٴˡ

ŶԭЦҷҪأ

ǾͱӲ

ԭ΢΢һЦҹɡ
أĹ߷·˰ٿȻԼ֪ʱһˡ
һͨͨûаɫˣֲ߲ݣ󣬾һٴҲǵʲô֡

þûǰʴˡԭЩء

عڽԭǰӶʿ˸׵⣬ʲôѵһӦܡ֪븸ײҪͬһƽϡ
ȻкȵУҵķԸ㲻ô

㣬һʲôдŭԭӣҲѵٸҶһ£ҾͿһ

£
ڽǵŭиоһĺ⡣Ϊ˵ĵУΣ

һϸϸһĲص㿳޹ǣ˸˼ĽǶȣƿĵ棬תĿڡ

У
ڽȻ󿴵ԭһıӣ򽪰ǵĺ󱳳ȥ

нżһأҹɣԭԾȥһץס˽ԭıӣһץס˽ԭʺ
һ˲ҹɵĽ˻бġ

ٸҶҾгҹɵȻعͷݺݵؿĽԭӽٴô

ԭһ˿ЦݣǺǺǺǣеʶСʲôˣ

ǳϴ֮ΨһҵˣҽҪ޸ģĿ¶׹⣬ԣҷӣҪ޵ˡҶҵˣҴ𲻴Ӧ 

ԭסˣһϵ˿Цⲻˡ

Ҳסˡ
ŵǰԶ߸ϵĸĻУȫʧȥ˿ڵ





22.  Ѫ   һ

ҹͳٲſ, СҽͱԴ
ļһ˿⣬ǽպô̴·ȳȻǸĸ֡
лͷЦЦҪҪĶĿ, ȱͱ, ǼĲȱšϣ

Уץסе֣ҡҡͷ, ҸףҾ˺

ĶǶǷ۳亹, ޽ʪ, иоõָϵ, ˼ؿ, 㻹ף

ԼΪʹǵ΢Ϣ, ÿһֶЩȻȶץĺ, ױǸףһѪǸ, һ޷ıġ, 

ûԼĸĸ, ʦ, ʦҲһ, ʦʦ, ֻҪ, һҪȫ
ûšӣҾúýѵһ

ؿŻе۾ڵƹ¿Ǻһ˿ˮ, ס֡

пٿĽԭ
ԭţˣﵹһ˿ζ

Ǽһѽˡ򽪰ǵ

ҹǰͳ죬ֻӼһ֮ԭס
ԭ˰֡
ҹؽҲһһջ֡

ԭӻֵѳḧ˸ԼĲ¶һ˿Цݡ

Ҳ֧Ųס˻˻Ρ
æסһŷ֮һƬʪ󱳵ѾȻȫѪʪ͸ˡ

ԭˣŭԭǸףûеǶӣ

ҵĶӣΨһĶӣҽҵټǴİˡԭˣõôĽ̵𣿡

̵кݺݵҪҪ̽ô˵ģ

˵꣬͸оסԼ壬ƿ
һƵ󣬵вԶɿ֡
ӡ

ǳ𳤣Ҹ׸ǣ㡭ö񡣡



סڡطȥдıۡ

ɡ

û̧ߣѾ㲻ҵĻ𣿡

㡭׳գּŭգðɣˣ
Ȼߣߵſڣ̲סתָסԭսģҷӣСŪ㡣
˵꣬תҪߣŻδżԭʹӺ洫վס

㰡л»һѽǴô
󲽻վɵڽǰһգһ붯

ףˣ΢΢ףֻһɵˣ׿֪ķϣĹɡ

ɫΪ԰ףԵڣʱᵹ¡
ˣԭЦԺãҶѵýס˵Ǹô

Ҫġ

סڣǴһǣƣۿһѪҪ³ɲǼɫˣȴһѪ˻ȥ

һֱ֪ǸԽû뵽Ѿ̶ȣֱÿԿǣТ֮ȫͳι
ûмƽº͵ھмŤҲ˵ˣ˵ɡ

ˣԭЦһ£λСλСɣȻ˻֮ԼôˣԼˣ˵

ʮ⣬´ԭۣ˻ֻͦǴӸôݣ
֮֮У¡ԭ˵ţ򽪰ǣѾˣ׼Ϊһô

ջҶһСʮֺ˵Ҽ޸ӣȷʵһˡһ˲˵һҲôӣҹһ㡪

û˵ԭĿһֱڽϣǻ̧ͷӭ׵ߣ
׿ˣѣ֪£ֻǸӣĻ档

Ǹӣ
вιʮ˺𣡡

߽һ𣬻ûзָһ˿񣬻еˡ
ԭǻҪأأ㲻ܣ
ǵ븸׽ҹһãһԱ֪

аɡԭҹһ°ͣҹߵǰƾټԸ

ߴߴû˵ꣿзŭˣû˵

У԰ꡣ
ǵڿ΢ЩǸ˵ú֣ÿֶƫƫͺ֪顣
ǵʲô̲סʡ

ôѧĽڸ㣬ʮʽʼѧ̫ͳѾѧǴ֮̿
ƽһºصҽ˱ҹ

۾һ˿ҹɣʽǣ㻹Ҫ

Ȼһԡ

ϲԽת뵽ɴΥҹ桭
ǣ£һ׼ˡ

գҹʦҹ
пȡ˵ҹѾš

ϴͬǴûϸϸƷζһܾʹˡظҹɶ֣ϸȻ˵һޣһǽƫ棬ÿһǶȶʮֹ죬ó
ԭΪǿֽӪЧû뵽һ׽ߵľƮݵ·ӡ

ԭͽһվ¹սԭ΢΢һЦҹɶֻܷСм˼
û˵

ʤܿͼ˷
һһûзӦʱ򣬽͵ʺ

ͬǣһνǻһۣһΣҹϵ°ڶûһ֡

У
Уٴһ走Ҷ֪ôģ

ҹȴѾ˽صԭߣµü˳Ŀȥκһ·˶Ҫ·ˡ

ӣʦˣ۾ٸҴһܰɣ

ܴ򼸴Σ䡣ǿƽ֪֪ΪҺҹĽĿĶʺΪʺλãвѪܣʺȴֻһ㱡ƤֻҪһѪҺӿ˱ɡ
ԣ㶮ǵĽģɱ˵ġ
ƴƴǻĶ֣Ǳɱˣһ䡣

룬ǣǵ뽣δжĽǶȵ쵽˼㣬Ƿʤ

ԣҪ˵˭ͼ˭ɵԴ˺ܶ࣬һ˼޵ù𣿡

ǵƽºͣͬƽʱϿεκһգҲƽʱϿһ򵥵ķʽҪ׵Ķ

ԣ㲻Ȣǰɣ

ǵ˵£ĸ֮ý֮ԣɶϷ

лŬһ£ĲȢûˣ

ǻҡҡͷûΣҲȢ㡣

г̾˿ͷ

¹⵭شڽͶһ˳ӰӣӰббͣڽǰڽǰԶ
·ֻҪ֣Ϳ
ҲһǿҵԸȥһӰӡ
ΪӰӿ˵ϸ˴

жôѷŴϾҲǸҽһǻ·ϣܸȴֻлؾ
һİɣ

ǵųȭֹԼ¡

ȻӰӶˡ
Ѹ¿

ӿ޴𶯣̧ͷд̤ķ

ӣ˵ȷʵеҪޣǵҴùҵģ򲻹ҵģʵûʲô˼ؿҲܸġ

СС̫ҪɫĻ
ǵɲǼҵ

Ȼ󣬻вļ߹ֱԭͣҹǰ
ҹʦ¶˲õЦݣ֪ͣţ

ҹϵһγֵľ㵵ı飺
ԭҲסˣ


֮ǰǿںòѹȥѪ͵طӿǡ





23.  ſ   

ﵽĶģ
ǵԷ, ǿ£¶ϵı޺ۣϥڴϡ
ԭһҩ, һʡ

ǣһλѵ, ѧ֮, סڴˡ

ѣ
ԭ΢΢һЦҩ΢΢˵, Ǳϵ˺, ոסѪ޳ָӿ, ǵı˲

, ļͷ, ҷġôҲѧԸ׳𣿡

ۣҲ׸׵˼

ջ, ʮ, 컢ɽҰɣԭƵ, úͱȥ˱, ȴѶ͹ѧ, Ҫʲộ˭Ƕ˵ȫȻûбҪ, ôǡ׼򱱵ң

ǵͣϥ, ΢΢ٽ
ʱ, Ը׵ĸоǾηʱǾηʱηھ
˿̡

ʺ󶼲, ȴ𱱵ңǵİݣϵ°ԭΪǽѪȥʮᣬôذǣǷҲΪ£ϧԣ

ʿɵұԹΪְ𡣡ǵ

ǽҵĹԭ͵ؿסĲ˴뿴棬ԼҵĹкͬҴһǣǳˣ׵Ļ𣿡

Ǳͷ׵Ź⣬oߴ顣
СʱҲеĺһͼֵø׵Ļģܿ㷢ǲܡΪֳãǴӳͲͬ죬Сʹϻ۳ȺôŬҲֻǺǲѡ
ΪٵõԸ׵Ĺע˵ôҪô

ֻǡ

ףסЩɳƣʿ̰ǹ⣬һΣȻᶨ

ԭһһ㲻ҪΪΨһĶӣҾͻΪ

ʹ£

ԭ۾ؿΪĳղصƷۡ
ãԭɿԵСҪܵͷ㲻ϳˡʲôʱͨˣʲôʱҡ

ǸԼʺǡ

ǸСӵеλʦ֣ƿأңĪҪǣ罫ߣĪҪҳ͡

ǣס

ԭ֣Ӹµ̧𽪰ǵ°ָͣǵѪףôҪΪѪأ

ףҰʮޡٶеˡƽصǽҵټҵĻ²ԼڽңҺˡ

ܺáԭ΢ЦҪССһ㣺ڽҵĲֻĻ£ҲԼô

Ǵ۾û˵

ǣҪסһ¡ԭᣬһ̾ϢǽҵףҲǽҵļƷ

*

൱ʧ
ΪҹʦȻûţҰȻܳף
ֱǲ˵ԣ

ϵûŽǣҳ˵㣬ҽǡ
ſɣ
ӻûأ˵òᡣãǴίʵ̫ЩɣȦ죬øӲᣬôˣӵһ˯ɱʲô°ɣ

ţǴϵġ
Ҳصġ

ѲУΪһҽɳˣȻзӽȥ
һƬ˿ʵʹӰӰ´¿ԿϵӰ

ӣԴ̽ȥӭ˽ǵߡ
۾˿ûгѵʣһˮض׼

еɣǺܵ棬ҽơ
ǣôģ

̧ͷһָ
һγһֻ

ǣ

˻𣿡˵žҪҽǵıӡ
Ǿһץס֣ΪǣϵˣҧҧУѾѻ˵ˣҲˣŮܲף㲻

֪֪¡е㲻ҪҲҪ㵽ϲʲôģ

ǵϲϲ޹ؽҪ

̫ˣһʱû壬սʲô
һֺܺŵϢµĲľڳζһ˿ҩζһӱɢˡ
һ˲䣬ֻ˶ԡķҷ

ûʲôҪüǲһƽ򶨣ȥһ˸ڣܼƸ٣⼸Ҳȥˡ

һϲǷúϢҹٽ㡣
ǿһۣҲȥˣѵпգڼϿΡ

У
бҪô

ֳڴϣҪ
æסôϰɣˣҾ

ɡǵȥ鷿ţɣ̡
㣬Ҷ֪㲻ȢˣʲôýģԺҷӣֵܣҲôвУСҪ

쳣֣ȥ
ȴǲݷ

̾˿֪ôڹײİʮģӲ
ǿһֻۣûȫͼգҲ֪Щʲô
ҹɶޣ

в֪뵽ʲô￴һ˿ɱ⡣
ˣϴ󣬺οˣһƽϡ

ֻɣȻԼȥ鷿ȡ
һߵȣһ߾е

ͷǺεȵĽأȻһһȢֵ̫ˡ
ȵȡǷӣֵܡ

Խˡ
֮ܲϵͶˣֱǿˡ

Ǵ߽
̧ͷʱһ¡
Ϊٻɣһ£û뵽һ˽ġ

ߵñƽʱһЩȶ̬ţһһҲ׵ñˡ

ӡ
зһص⡣
ôõĺӼ޲ţԺĶһõأ

忡һˣɫ˼ֲ԰ףѡҲǿ۴䣬δ̤һ߽ȥ·ܳ˷ȥ
桤ɻɫ

дһ֡走ôõĻӾȻؼҡϧŭ־Ͽ

üɡ
УʲôᰡʦʲôʲôТ֪ô

ǣ÷
һδӴҪʲôǿסͽڷ㣬ǹڷ㣬ⲻǲɣĪԼں˼ʲôˣ

һʱµסһ²ŵ㳿ʱչӣ㵽һ

з˸ۣ㻹һһŮܲףɴҵеĵ˰

ǣ
õһ飺ǧĪҪͻнΪٺõĵһﶼ᳤ᡣ

ССģͷżļߣһֻȥһֻӥ
мů⣬ҲмֺЦôҲЩ飬ʦ£ӷͣѼ𣿡

ѣǼҲûʲôá
ǷŽǣԸоõʮֿƣûѹеֻؿһ첲
е㲻ˡ

ӣǲǿңͣ½Ųͷʽǡ
Ҳòͣ½ŲΪ˵

пһۣȻһὫ
ûˣҲֻһ첲ǲƲˣ


δԼбһ죬ڵط̣лһ㡣
ȵ֣ſ





24.     

, һֱ鰸ŷ֡
Ȼ㷢һֵ¡
ӣú찡˵ţ
о˵¶, гһ, ӣ㷢ˣ

ǸûС
, ֺ̣еҪɡ
, £ǵѵõ׺, ϿΣ

У
еж
Ӷ, ǿŸϿء
ովȻڹַӲʵǲӦá

һ, ãֽ̿ʡ

΢΢ס
Դʶ, ûôԹ

ȻôģȻ̬Զ׷ǲǷҪõöࡣ
͵Ϳһ״̬

ѵõؿʼ, Ҳдѵʱ䣬ܼڿ, ܿ˼ĳЧ
, ˡ
в޶֮, ֻԳϵ, 鱾Ķ, ð˼·ȥ̡

˼, һһ, нŨ
ɣ½˺ܺһ鷿̧̿衣

бԼĴ߽̿ӣ, Ǻˡ
ɣЦģõĶõ̿Ҳûеġ

вţչȥţȻĲǺˣйɸůķҷϢ˾񣺡̿ǲǺù󣿶Ǯ

ɣЦˣһǧҲûȥõġ
νáǽƷרʹá

ҲЦˡ򲻵Ķˣʲôһ޼ۣͻں
Ȼȥʱ԰̿ߣرȥúһʡ

ȵȣ
Ȼع

ʲô
˾ҵҵ̵Ȼٷӣ

ް
Լ

ǽʱͼж̿Աһʹģ
ôˣȥĪƱǰ̿ˣ

û¡Ĩһ鰸ǰ¡
ɣҩ
Щ콪һٵĺҩȵҩȳԵķࡣ
ҽǺҩˮƵģҩüͷһµġ

һݵؿ

һֱΪʲôҩʱô̲סʳˣʲô⣿
ûûûС̫ˣϴºȿҩϴǿ

ǣ
ллⱲӶûΪһܿ佱

дӻͳһֻСӣ͵ǰרŸõġ
һо֪Ķһ򿪣ֻֻСɸ㣬һֻӣʽһֻҶʽ;ɣ˱ǡ

ұõ۽ү˵Ӳϲ۽˵ϷĵҲǿ˷ӵۡ 

糤ͽԶϷǾĵӣֻԤÿĺųƾܾйǵ׷
糤ͽԶŷúóԵ绨УϷ⣬κϷĵѾŵ괺죬ֻա

ֻʣôֻ޶ˡ
⻨ɫͣ
һһܺó԰ɣ
пʿˮߴٽǣ쳢Ͳˡ

ûпģȴڿС
ҩ࣬Ҳõ𣬳ʲô˵ûֱ̫
ģѾճڵŲѾֱʿˮǰѵƵǰԡ

Сɵӡ

鷿Ŀ̿еůůģůҷĿ·ıů·ܻˮ

Ǵˡƹȥһ㣬Ҳϲġ

һ£ôÿôóԵĵģȻ˲ϲ

㲻ԣʡ

ԡ

治ԣ

¡

ҳһӽֻڼ˳ſˮ˶ǣûʲôζ
ٰʣµһˣоһֻúóԣôóԣȻо
˵һأʮϧûζûˡ

Ȼڿɲϧʱ򣬷ӻϿء
ֻǶȻѾõشߴˣȴֻǷսȥıۣ۽޴ڸոŨܵСˢӡ
лע⵽΢΢ǴһĨЦ⣬ͦõӡ

ʱʮ㣺ӣҵıдòɣ

ǡšһ

УܲЪһЪ
̧ۿˣ

ҲۣԴеκ
С˵̵ܼûоеͷ͡
Ϊûףһ̫࣬һʱˡ

ȥеģǼҪʧЦڿסˣǽ㲻ϲʲô飿
ˣ壡нǸ

üģ˵Ĳǲ¥ģ鷿ġ

Ŷе̵˺üȣ룬һͦģܶͼǿס

ǽӹֻһͼ⡷л
߾þõͣ档

ӣк棬ʲôͬôϵˣ
л÷ӣҵ󷨱ǴлǻعǸɵ֧ԷλУ򵥵󷨿÷λ˵ʤеȵ󷨿ʤ࣬ϵȵܽɽ֮ƣս֮

ӣ۾Ҫѧ

ĿǰѧҲеȣǵô򵥵ѧ𡣡ǵϵȵ󷨣ܻ־˿ͨ쳹֮ܣòҪȥ

Խ˵оԽлأ𣿡
лӺüǰ뿪ǣȥˡȻ֪ʲô⣬Դһǣ򲻴Ҵӵһƪһѧ𡣡

ͷ䰤һǣȴдЦ⣬ȴǴĳսͫ˫տȻй⡣
̵Ļȸʮԡ
õķӣټ

ְԵĵȴЦô
ӣܺã̲סʵ

пɡ

ʲô£

΢΢һЦ
ûʲô
ֻǷĳͽмТģʵɼΡ

һÿǷ֣򵥵󷨣жѧýζ
˼·棬гϵ뷨ƽ󷨣ʵƽⲼߵ˼˼Խڲͬ󷨱Խƽ⡣

һ;֣лӦϲ㡣
ĵ

ģȤлźӣͣȢ𣿡

ǣ

ڽɫ˲䣬зһϳĺ񵽴սˡ
ǰһӣȥԼŻ

У
ĪǷȷ黹죬ոջ˵ţ





25.     ӣΪʲôô죿

ѧѧýζ, ܿ㽫󷨶һ飬չνѸ١
ڽǿֻһס

Ǿǻͼʱ·, ͼֵĴ, ϸϸһ, ӽڹÿνǶҪķѴľ, Ȼܱϳʵһľ˼ͼ

едò, Ѿ̹ˡдٲ, չ黹ܱϵóͼȴǲ֮, ֮ǧһһá

˽ǱԸԺÿӰʱ˱֡

ʮֲ, Լöͺˡ

һһֻСӣɵؾЩЦ
Ȼ侲ԳֵСҪάʦĳȷ緶, ȻƵס˿Ц⣬ֻǵôԼһűô
ҽǲ͵ˣ
һһ̣

У
ȷʵ̫, Ҫ, ܹ鲻Ը, , һ˲˲, Ҳֻ⼫ѹĿ
ǽʵķӺܼ, Ǿǻߡ
Ȼ, ٻģҪСһ¡ϸΪֹ
ݹοĵҪʷ꽪뿪, д˸ĹǷŻţԴһһظ鵽ϡ

ͬɣ߽ͼſϣһ
ɣ滨ż棬Ҳñ˲档
ɤӽѻУ̧֣ʾȻԸȡҵĶ

ţȴҪɣе֣ȡ
ֽӹȥ˷š
Ű赲ɣߣɣôãЩ۾ȴǿ
ЦеתԸˣӽ̵ӣ󰲾Ǵ˭ҲҪ

һ˯úñʱȻѾϣ鷿˵ơ
Ǿ棬һ飬ʹ۾񿴵ʮ񣬺ûע⵽Ѿ˯š

ϸŵô£
ɫůģǽǵ

̧ۡ
ץʣװԼû˯ţʼרʡ

һһ߲⡣
ΪʲôҪţ
컢ɽңѧ̵ı£С

һҲƣůذΧһϤġŵϢҲΧ·Ҳһص󷨣һϵȵ֣ΪѾӰ쵽־ˡ
˯ĸоǳ
ڵ£һ̧۾Ϳ濴ĽǣҲ÷ǳ
ƹдŻɫĹΣ鷿һ㵭ɫĹ⣬һкһɫξ

űʣһûһµֽϻĪáҲûôģ͵¡

ǺȻ
ԭΪҪȥʲôûߵԱߣͣ

ʶסԼֽϻЩܸ߰ܣ䱸ؿ
ǣ
֪ǲиʱûпڵԭ򣬻оеơ
Ȼεǰֽ

ǣÿ
ΪѣɡҲŸտʼء

ÿ
ֻÿ˵Ƥ񣬵һīҲе㲻ֱӵġ

Ȼǿֽе㸴ӣڡҵ׽˸ʲô͡ӳȥҲõɡ֮䡣

㿴̫ˣղͼһ£ҺȻԺ̿ͼӦòֵĴϸġ
һϸֿں
ԼǺš

Ϊס֡
޳ÿһƬָ׶޼øɸɾָ׵״ָĳȣȥʮûһָ̾ŮӵҲÿġ
յϣŷΪҪΪԽȫȫذֱϵÿһ缡оõů
ů͸⣬Ȼ񻹻ѪҺһֱԵظоʲôһ¡
һҲۣģֵģ

Ȼؿǰδеĸܣʮ档

һ˫۾ùԲڵӳ߱ƣһ貵ĹââؿԼ
רġ
ͳǸҲǸԼ
ԽýԽǷ˽Сֻôһ治֪ôӵöǰİ
Ҳ֪ôǿֿȭֱȨƵǸˣǰ

ƽʱƽʱء֣ǰԵֻССһֻһֻССᣬë
ԣҲܡ

һó£лصŵʲôĸоԺﶼܽЩоһһȻ󱣳ϲ򶨡
˱˵̫಻̫ɣһֺ󾢣˱ʲȡ
ǵֽϣĿбӣ֣ȵءƫеֽϻһȳƵĺߡ

òƿ֮ǰɿ֣һƽ侲𣿡

ס̹صҸղŹſˡ
ǣ
ǣ֡
𱸣ȴһ˿ɱԼԼˡ
ⲻǺ

ģ㳤ôÿͻȻôһʱҲоűʣٽһΣҺúѧ

ˡһ£йϣǵһ˿᧿Σѷ죬˲棬ٽһҲȻ

᲻ᣬұ֤һ棬ģгϿҵص㲻֪û̹ңҾе֣һʱӦұ֤һԹѧֻҪһξ͹ˣ

ǣ
֪ΪһҵԼŵĸо
پܾδЩ⡣

΢΢һ޷СС棬вڻ¡
̧ס֡
кȻЦһ£Цررã۾״

ɲǼ͸ˣֱӷӦ죬ջ

еһѰסֱ֣ذֱЦˣɡ

ǣ
ǣһΣٲ棬ûеڶˡ

šеͷȥޱȹɡ

ֻǸͨӡ
ֻڽ̵ѡ
ⷨ࣬ʾЧģֻаʱ䣬˷Ѳ
ţǰһס֡

ʼֽ棬ڵīֽ֭һ㣬Ȼƽ˳»

̾ϲңҪһֱҵ֣Ըʡ

̩ɽһǵȳƹ⻬ıʼȻᡣ

סƨûأʧˣ
ػͷͼ˺סˣһӲơ

ǾǵһӣŲǰ׵õģ̬֮Ż֮滺ΪƵ
лǵһο⸱顣
еΣֺеΣĻǡȣ

ôˣôô죿оʮ֣գգۣﲻ
ҡûСһĿɿ֣Ҫ

һ

һץס½Դսţȥ

СԴԼǰǰÿһƤ·𶼷˻Եظоõ봥СǼҪһ㡢ʲô

úÿ졣ϸϸţ˳

ֻһС鼡Ǳһ£ɲǼȫ¶ȶһ̨ףܸоųһϸ

ԣҲȡеЩأüͷӣ㲻˻ǿ߻ħ˰ɣ





26.  ν   ᡢ


ǵĺͣһ˲, Ȼ͵ƿС
ǰδеĴ󣬻Щײܡ
»иòˡ
Ķ, ûôʧ̬

û¡۵ǿҵĹӿ֮ǰ, ΢΢Ϣֻǡֻеȡ
ȣ̰߶׼̿, ˣ

Ժƽʱһرı죬ǾǷ·Ȼ, ֻҪһ, ڵһʱ֡
, Ȼû

ǿ, ʾԵؿ̿衣
ָ˵Լ˼, ҪҰ᣿

㲻ǳ˵ʦ£ӷôǵĻˡ
һҲ, ˵̧̿һ˾ȥ

ֻǰ̿ȥ֮, ٻȴ鷿űˡ
, ˡ

Ǽ˼
ţӡ

Լȥ
ǵڴ, ƽ, в֪Ϊλһ˿ҧгݵζ

еͷһ, ŷͼͱīŵ⡣
ûô

, Ҫġ
ִһ

УŶ, ûˡ
ǵòΣȻû߻ħ

*

ȵаͼõʱ򣬽ǵҲòˡ
»ȥڿ, ҲŻصá
ôû뿪Ժио˷ŷĿ֡

ȴǰδеæµ糤ͽԶĴүæýŲմء

ͳˣ糤˷ܵصҺˣһΪϲ£Ǿ̫ϧ
ԶߡһôҪӣôܴ

˳鳳˷֮ɫԱ
ȥפӪʮ£פǸϼ̱
ЩϱӣÿΰҲͰˣ֮ǰҪˣһÿһ춼һ㡣
βͬˡ

ͨݳʮһɽˣͨݾ˺üҲûܽ𣬼ƴ˱ȥͨݾһ֮糤ȭ浶ǹս˰
ͺü

Ҫǣǽ˷ˣʵʵľ
ڷ糤ͽԶûӵ˵ûʲôͽ˵һֱ᲻ҵĺɡǿǸѵ˻ᡣ

¿νѪڣæ׼еȻеļλӣ֪ø˭Ĺ͡

˰죬ʣӲȥ𣿡

Ͷһ˯û񣺡һɽˣôܾӣ

һҲǣôæôգһ˺ܶ๫Ȼ뾩

ɽˡ
°͡
Ҫȥͬа

*

ڳ֮ǰһҪҪ

õڿνѧᣬһرԺ
ͷ飺ӣȻذɡҽȥŷڿΣãԼúдһƪۡ

ǿһۣͷѵڷܡһ
šп

á̧鰴úѧϰ

ЦòãͷİɣһѧһԱģ
ǵͷá

ȵıӰ״ʧɡ糤Զ˴͵͵ؽ磬Ҫ𣿡

ôңеҾ˳Ҳǿ
ҸҸңô̼£ʲôҵģ糤һ
ԶȻҲˣɾ͸ɣ˭˭
ֻкʵͷǡǿʣ⡢ҪǱ˷ˣҪԴġ

˿͵ˣаȥСȥҵ̣סһҪСԶȥ/ӡСͷŷɣϹأҪˣѧèС

·ѶȵҹɫԽԽʢĹӶ˯֮õ¥¡

ɱ棺ѲֵĽոչȥġŻص

ġ㹻ˡ

·糤ͽԶ˷/ӣŵȥӸãʼֹνۡ

ǿ̫/ʰ
µǽţǿֻţս֯һ˵Ĵ̼̼˵Ŀ

Żɻ¡ôˬ

÷糤˰ѶһĵܱһξͰѽȫιˣܵӸòǣ
ѾѧˣзأþաҪǰоȫιˣǲ鷳

ֻŹҹɫкȻһ
ԭڷܿ̿࣬Ϊ

еֽסˡ

͵ػͷյĳϲ֪ʱһӰ
ɫճ忡ףǳ־ֹҹֵĺɣֻüͷһȫŭ

ǣ

µȶˣ糤ͽԶһ/ӷȣֻýһΣۿҪˤ

ǰ/ӣдʱҲץŶס塣

ʲôʱģ
㵽Ƿŵʲô磿

ڵ¶ᣬҲ֪ء

ӱԺмûŲҲûֻһǾ֪Ծһֱڶ

һ°뿪ʱı顪走ô絭ᣬ㶼ûпߣ
̫ˣ

ͷȵ

ҲоӸ£ŭ̫թˣȻң

ǼֱҪЦˣ㣿ʣǵԴĴ

ԴҺ¡пʦͽһ㲻ῴҵԴɣӣǴôأٹһ֤˿⼸ֱ˶ֽšأ͵ǳ극˸ʳ˳˳ȥ˯͵ʲôҲûвУ

µĺɡ糤Զ
˵Ŀɫȫͳһѣ

Ȼһ˲ǵĿɫͳһرˣأ磬ΰ
һ˵һ˸۵ƣʾǳ
ǻйӵעҪһ˵µ˼

˻£ǻ簡ܳ͢ٶû£㻹ڻ

˾ϴΰʿĺѾʮĬ˴˶ýһ񣬳Ž/ӣȾܡ

ǣ
˵ĵʲôʱôˣȻҵôˣ

ѾԵŭ

Ҳ¡гϿҵصȥһҪҡ

ǣ㲻ѵҾͲ㣿

Ҳȥ㻹ôң
оӸԶԵؿһĻ⡣ѲֵĽҪصˡ
Ͼظǻ㱨ϢȻ㿴Ҷ֪ˣҪǸɳʲô£Ļһǿ˵һô˵

һְֻڶͷȥͷʹѡ
еģ͵ʲôҲûвУҲû취ϾҪȥͨˣ˵ͨкþƣܽҲһǮ̲ûаɣܵøǮɡ

ҧȥ˷˻ȥԺ֣

㣬һɽͷѣһ˾̤ƽˣ춼Ҫˣʣµʱ䣬ȻͿԳԺ֡

ҧĻͺȣ
ҹɫнĦɳɳֻҪתսǣͻῴ

еȻҲˣôõĻŲŹ㱣֤ҡ
ǣÿ𣿡
ʣεȴ۰ҹ棬һĹ

ӣҪɾͲܹˡӣѾԿǻѵĹâҪǶ

Ļû˵꣬Ϊڽתֽ֮ʣѾ˳/
ȥǵ͵͵ġ
˲˼ɾͷ¥ϣ˳Ҳˣ/һ飬ת¥ϡ

ǳڳϣǹϣŻѴ¥ǰ
ֻҪһ̧ͷܷÿ춼ҪѲߵ¥ϣˣһ/ӡ

ԽϤԽǲ⣬˭Ҳû̧ͷϿŲ̲죬Ȼûвʲô

Сսǣ촽˽ǵĶ䣬Ἣᣬ򸣺ӣ˵ҪʱһһӢǲǾȫˣ

ȵϢϽǵĶ⣬͸Ѫ⣬޷ƵظоӶʼȣ顣

˵ģһҾͷһȻ

һǿѹĪĸܣס˻е졣
Сôȥֻһ˫Բ۾¶棬µµת
ֻҪԶвʧЧ
Բʲô֡

Ǵˡ
ֱס͹Թ
һ죬򽪰ǵҧȥ

ûҧţ
ȫѪҺһÿһָܶ޷Ŵ

ᡢ

/Ҳղסֻ޿赲س׹䣬۵һ졣

ʲôˣ
ѾҪ߹ȥĽ˲ͷռ˵ϵ/ӣȻ󳯸ߴһ٣ճ¥ϵˡ

ǣ

򽪰ǣҲһ

в֮вҲʵ֡
˭뵽أµسСˣȻץһ/ӣ





27.  ܺ   ٲѻӽӻȰ

ССˡ
µĽȫסˡ

пµĽ, ٿǷ·ܵˮɫĵҪҰǶڣ

Ǻݺݵһۣ¿ڣٽҹѲ, Ҷɶ, Եݼӹ̡λ汾ٷһ/ӡ

ѲҹĽǷԼȻлΪСЧͣʱȿֺ, һ/ӶЩ˰ģһСҹΪ, ҵָ塣ССĹ, 

У


˳ƾȥ, һסĸ첲, ¥ļϡ
Ƕߡһֻ, εһѡ

ֻ

һǰһ/ӡ
أо·Ǳ۾, һָֻ׼ȷ׽ס֡

ǶŽһά
һڱ׽ס, Ȼ, ˽һ
󽪰ǽҶ̫/, ޱȡһİΣλ, Ѳҹ֮ʱضӹע, һ쳣, ̴, зͽҴҶ⣬ɱ⡣

ֻòһ
ε۶ѣɱҲ̫˰ɣ

ǽ֮, ȴ˼Ѫһ㣬ӵؽȥѲˡ

ҹ볤ֽԼżţת˵Ҹõδ㣿
ӳģҲġ

ͳӺ͵չʾ磬ֻһµʲôҲûεȥ˸羰ѵ¥羰ҲҪ𣿡

üʮòȥʥǰաҹ棬ҹޣʦʳգﲻʲôϷ

̽أܲ𣿡

üͷ

㣬ϣɷɷɣ˵꣬棬һ̻

üͷø˵ʲô

ûʲô°ѵһʲôҪû£Ҿȥˡ
һ˶ûУ˯ֻн֪

֪Ž͸ͽ
Уʲô

֮ලܷͽ󣬡磬ǼӣҪúܷӾͻᷣǡ

У
ҪҪô

ðɡеͷȥŹЩˣ䡣
˲Ŵȱ䣬һ

ʱ˺󲱾Ȼһ£˻һߣĵȥ

뿴סң±Ӱɡ֣ڵڵƽȥ

ͷ֣߸պöʥ񣬽üĿüëԳģûͻ̡

ϽǸСԽ̫ˣܲȥиΣһ쵽ôúġ

һֻйϵ˸

ж̾˿

뵽˽Ǹֵֹĵ
뵽˽ϵ˺ۡ

˭ĵ¶ѿɣ

ˣҾͲƽˡ
۾ܿ硣

*

֪ܷɣһסˡ
鷿ɨʱɣŴɫԽԽ䣬ҪѩšһҹСС治֪ס

һ˵һƳ鰸Ľǡ

ڿ飬ȫȻûϺޱ顣

ǳ緹ʱɣԱ߷̣״𣺡ϲˣ˵ζԵö࣬ģҪ죬ǰס

Ǹ˿ӣ뿪

䣬ɣ׼ˮȻ֮䣬ˮνˮӣĻҪûӹⶼһһҹˣӲԲȣôܵˣ

ǣ
ʳգڻֳԻ˵ȷʵǼЩ
˵ɣۣʵе⡣

һ롭ǸСС·Զ̺޾Ļɣһֱܰ׷߶߶˵ͣһͷ
һ˲䣬һЩɣĸܡССģ۾ԲԲģǲͷı飬ȥҲʮֿɰ
ҲǱԺ̫˰ɣɣ޶Ů˻У̲ס

ɣģȷʵۻӣ۵š
һϣ鶼ûзһҳҲֻԶ˼ڣˮˣǱ߷ٲѻӽӻȰס

ȻԼҵԼ⻰һ˵ڣֻ·ŭ
ȻסԼ³Ϊƽ侲ԳֵĽٳһ˿©ֱӹ

Ȼôϡﻩ֮󣬽̾˿ˣһȥÿûڷʵڵһȥɡ

ɣ۾ˣлӣūȥ׼׼
׼ʲô
Ȼ׼Եģ

ɣʱһֻϴĴ䣬ѡӡ
ȫɣϵСǲϣӸ

ҹɫµʮְ¥ʱһڽǰ
Ҵʵ⣬ǵ졣
뵽һֶһִӣ־еЦ

֣һջ£Ҳȷȷʵʵ൱ôһʱȥٻͷʱЦȴȪһðһֱðϣ

˿Цת˲ţɣǿˡ
ο
ɣûпЦݣǳӯЦþʮ֮ǰ죬ֱʱһ˿ᡣ
ߥһˣһޱӢľ

Ĵ͸żĹ⣬ǹǰ⡣
ɣԸоӵĽŲӿһЩæҲٸϡ

Ȼ߽ʱ򣬺ȻЦ
ǵĽŲһ٣ںɣһʱûɲסţǰȥĴ˵ϣһ졣

ڵȻʧˡ

ԭ͵Ҳʧˡ
ҪǷԸȻ̨̤ףƿš

ڣ΢΢ҡҷͽ򽪰񣬻ж˶عϣһ

һпƺûκ˵ûз͹Ļ

֪ôƽ
У֪ˡ

»ػ𣿡

дԴԹԴ𣺡ˡ
ӦǱ׼𰸣ǵ°ڲûд뿪
˵ӷ˹Ҫרڣʵûе⣬С˰г

ʦ𣿡
ҡѾ켫˻еĺڣȻе㲻ԡ
ǵһº滺ģһȴĪ͸һ⡣
ʮӡ
ôҲû䵽ϡ

̧ͷɫκ̫ˣŹ⣬
Դվյĸǰ
һգǱϰһˣ󱳵Ϲ

£֪˭һڼžڣԡ

У
Ѿˮͽ

ǵ淢ˣĪҪ

ӹϴ´أһɡ
һ糤
һԶ

һ˶һֻУǳԵһľƲˡ
ǵߴһһɨ޷ܣֻ뵱ιȥ

⻹û꣬΢΢ӣ֪żʲôȻ֣ʥһ
žƣ̧ۣУؼ֣ܺá

У
У
ڴظӻرü





28.  ܷ   һˣ

ͳͳҳȥ
ǵ, ÿһֶǴＷ
˹˲ڴϽ·

еϣתһܡ
һ˲, 챻ס

ô𣿡ǵͳ

ֵ, ͬƽʱºȫһ
ûоʮֲ飬һͷǵɫ, ֱԸһڹ̨ϡ
ѾԼٴμҹ棬ɻûм

ԭͼ, ˵Щ硰Ҫҳȥ, ΪҲͷ֮, ôһ, ׳ɽӵϴӣҴˣҲúȾ, ó⣬㡣һΥҹ棬ҽŶ, 
ָԻģһģҲ滨ͷ

ˣǴ, ˵ĻҴûзڹ, Ҿ˵һ, ҵĽ̵, Ҿذɣ 
˵, ٲͣ, תߡ
ֻǲһ, Ȼס

ҲҪߣһѱס̣͸о˲ͦ,  ҵ󷨻ûѧ꣬㲻˵

ȫӲ
Ļз·һȵĹԴϵֱպ˵̿һӣÿһͷÿһѪⶼ쳣ĴУһܶ
̫ůˡ
ＸҪһ̾Ϣ
ļҹԹҵġ̹ġԻ͵ů⣬Ϊѩ޷赲¿ʼڻ

֣
ַ֪˶

Ҳвûɣøˣ֮ڻûҪѧĶûѧɣôȥôɩǴӦҪúѧģ

Ǽֱ֪ǸǸЦôӦ𣿡

ѧú氡ֶˣ
еԴŬԱ̽ϵж
κνǵļ̫һޱȵģ߸ߵͷǲ߿ŤŲӳصҶ˵Ҵ»ҲˣҪһ첻㣬ҽ/вУ

ҪǲĹ򣿣ץס֣ͼ
һô׸ϸϸССһֻ·һ༴Ƶģ֪Ǵǻ޷ֻܽŵ֣

ҲбøЩ˶ĺϣ㲻ӦңҾͲɣ

Ƕ߳һ˿̧۾ͼ⣬һ˫˫۾ȫϴһҪˡ

ɡ糤ԶԭͲԶϾŽӵɫһ˲ҪνˣҶе㵣Ļǲǿס
ɣǵôͬʱҲɸ֡Ӱ֪֪һӺóԵģЩǿˣôӹһԣ⼸Сӻһ

Ҳܴվıߵģʱ˿̣鶼ͳһ𾪡ԭΪһǴһţôһˣ

õ糤̾
ǾãӺͦģɹ۲΢㿴û˦硣
ԶԻı£˦˦ô

ɣͷһӦ⼸µ˵ȻԸߡ
ͷֻͷˡ

̲֡ססǣҴӦ㡣
лһ˵Ŷڣ

̾ϢһΪ㣿

һҲǣһһŵǧ𲻻
ǱЦɿԼԹϹ£Ҳһ˵㻰͵һúù򡣡

û˵̧ųſȥ
֨ѽһŹˡ
ˣʶһ룬ˣһɱһǹС
ֱͦͦš
ʵ֤̫Ӣˡ

ȵʱߵ¡
°ڣ忡Ŀ飬ǽĸ

У
̲סţٿ㲻ô
ѵֻǹ˸ţ
ѵ׼ල
Ҳ̫˵ɣ

á۱ǣǹģǸƣĬʥԡ

ѾѡԡѧˣҪ˵ܵģڽҪĬںһƤӣװڱС

װһ󣬷ֽһ޾죬ʼԴ

漸˴ԼˣؼžһϢҲڹ΢΢ҡҷ¯֧㣬ͷ

Ѿһһҹ¯ʲôˣؾڽϡ
촩ɫۣ¶һ߽£ҫĿ
лѣɫһ˴һ˲Ӹʮꡣ
ϵģ붼ʮͷӰɣԼΪԼԵϳһЩŹô
ǿϧˣ츳ôǵһֳζй˹һ̵ֻƿ

ȥ

һһָ֣Ҫǵʱ򣬽ǺȻڣרġ

еֶһ£Ķͷϡ
Ǳһ£Ȼ۾

ⷴӦ̫˻һҡҿͷе㺹͸
ܡûԼȥ˷߳ϸ顣

֪ǲǷźЩƣ΢΢޹ǽǴʱûоȤЦЦԴһεĸоұ

΢΢ҡΣһҾ׻ƣֻ۾΢΢һˮ⣬ˮʡ
΢΢ս·ֹһˮһ
Ŀֱǰʥ΢΢ɳƣҪ˵

еģ㲻ڣҲԹԹģϻô౾ûѧᣬ᲻ߡ

һ̹ϣ˼֣棿
ò棡еӺڰ׷УӨտȻҪѧ󷨣ȥѱͥ׳졣ͥӾ˵ýӴģ˱ʯ
˵ţĿ¶׹⣬ſָȻݺһץʱ٣ھǿıҪȫ

ǣ

ת˲ЦˣִϽǵļ磺˵ɣϲʲôӣʯ˶ҵʱŪТ㡣

ָ䣬Ѽֻȥ顣

汳
ղűʲô

һ˫۾ʵȫǼװġ
ǣ
ȻоԼǸ

Ǿͺúùţ
Уɡ
ǣڣ
ơ
ǣ
תת顣
ǣ

һĺǣв˵ܿƤܣԴʼҡҡλΡ

һڳ
٣徲ˣûͻȻĺ˶һһ԰

ֻǣûȫ¾еԴȻļͷ
ú׼ͷֻϲǰԵ

ķӦӸ죬ǰȥ֮ǰסͷ
йһ£Դ˲䣬һʵλãȫȫģȻؽ硣

ǽס
һ

·ֹͣҡΣͷҲһ˲̣ܼżţһǴغ֮һ飬ʱ䲻һжͣˡ

֪˶ã־Žصǣˣǵʶһ¡
˵ġԹܷ

ղŻˣ





29.  ˯   ɣһ˯

Ժ, ͿѾ
ǴһˣôȻģ
ҡ
Ҫǡ
ԴµĴСӲддӲʲô

вʹϵ

סˣӲһһ, Ϳɫ½, Ȼ¶Ĳʮ򢡢΢˫ֱͦıȺŵ۾Ľëظ, ǳһԸС


ҵ
ؿڡ
ûãѹ˯, ԭҲ˯ˡ

ǰʦ˵, õ˿Դ붨, ̥, ϣﵽ, û뵽ᣬȻһˡ
򽪰ǵĿⲻɵó֮顣

峿Ÿոտʼ͸һѼɫ, ǵĲճһ, Ŀģ, мֵõ˵ӡ

пе, ȥһıǼ⡣
ֲֻ쵽һ, ǵ۽޺Ȼ, ۾

У
Ѹջ, ֱͦ, һȵӡ
̧ͷŽ¶˲õЦݣ

ǰ봹ۣһ£û˵
Ȼ΢΢̧, ׼
ֻĶδʼѾסе΢

ôˣйеʡ
ûʲôǵ΢΢һ˿ϸһȥϿΰɡ

һ㶣ⲻǻûô
ձҪջдΣͽУϡ

۾һһˣǾ˵Ҳùˣ
ûʲô飺ϲ򣬱㲻ȥˡ

ȥȥҰ֣Ͷ֣ѵǿţȥûӰˡ

һȻָȣüͷ
ôһϣ˿ԴѾû֪ˣһѪҺת/

뻺ֱȣ顱һ£Űģ˵㻰ȲҽŹ򣡡
˵ŷֽǵƺе֣
ôˣ

ȥһͺȣٸҽͱȥˣ
̰Դһת۾ܵûӰˡ
Цõ緹ζŵùˣ
ǡ
Ƿȵճǰ֮ȥǴӶ޷ɢ

ǿǡˣ
ܴ붨ĸˣҲ𣿣

*

ͨ뾩һݸͨзˣΪӣһʱͨݾǰȥ
еԮǰ׷ѣΪͨݾ֮Գٳٽ˲ǰͽǷͽǵʵжǿ󣬶ͨݾɽ

ɽλͨǰʮǾһɽɽɽԣмһȣȺɽ˵ɽկͰС
ɽȪľʢǰɽԿ񣬺ҲûɽժҰӳԡ
ͻȻһ죬ϹٴɽˣһȥͲϱתƣҪôͷüҲתҪôҲɽϴһգ·˵Ƚţû˸ˡ
ɽڵذҲгˡɽǰɽˡʹʹҪʲôձʵϣһӱҪꡣ
ǰɽ˳ƾԵսɽկƵԽԽˡ

ͨݾа֯νһأһɽȫȦ˺Щ죬ȫûȴɽ˵ӰӶûмһ

ǹǽ
ɶ߶µص
õͽǸűԮһģһ·ϲԼ˽һ֪࣬˵ġֻǼʮɽ˶ѡԭͲô¡
ν˷ˣΪͳ˧ʿɽ￪ⰲӪʱʿͽȻشڹ¡
з糤ͽԶλӵܵĸĸøɻͿڲݶϵ˴

糤ͷʵ˷˵ģ׽ģ
Զˣ
糤ɻȥ¸ƨ˰ɣ׵ģ
ҲŲ£
Ҳ£
£
£

ŲŲʻУ磬ʲô
ƻһأ˼ôԸЩɽ˰ɣ

Ÿɲݣ鷢ûУ˯
ɣ
Բˡ

ףǡ
糤ͽԶֹͣĵĶ죬ͬһ
ԯŷƥף߱ƽ

аƳһ£Զԭ壬ܲסãҲܲסϵͦΣĿ
һ٣ĸɲһûסˡ

ӣ
Ƭ̱㱼һ˳

֪ǲһϵ˻ͷ߿һֻۣϵɫһۼʲôоһ˲ǰԶˣֱ˴ǰס
ɴ䣬˽ýݣв봵ڡ
ûǲ

ͬűͨݵļԴӴڿ첽֮󣬽ӭȥ
ôԶܿϲõЦݡ
Ĳǽǣ׵

ջߣͷͷֺɡ糤ԶҲһģһЦݡ
ʲôΪʲôһЦһȷԵɵӣ

ˣǹⳡǶӮˡ糤
Զû뵽ҾȻһܺøͬһƬս
ѾҸˣҵľڿԽҵˣ

У
Уǲ˵ʮɽ˸Ͷ˷ôΪʲô

Ŷ˷Ӧ
ýٵģǴս
ѵɽһս

˿ʼ
ѾˣϵĲмˣ˯һ˵ŷ˼ǵú

˴Ӧš
Ȼ浽˷ŷʱȴ֣˭Ҳû취ѻн
ǲУǻ˯ó˼ȫ޷ӦǱ㶯ƻеļ

һùǺɡ
ָոϻе·ֻǰһȻ˾ͷɳ񣬡žߴһ£ˤͷĲݶϡ

ˣ
һ̫̫ͻȻ˭Ҳ֪ʲô

ǽԶһָͷһ»е
ûԶҲһƼžߴһˤԱߡ

ȫסˡ

е˷˳
ǲķ糤
糤ȽϺãûأͱһֻס
סԼ˭󣬷糤۾ʱΣӣ

Ƿüͷ΢壺ô£
֪Զͷ糤һһŵħˣ
֪ǲʲôɾĶ壡
ɽȻй
ȥɣ

߽񣬾ͼߵͨϣ˯㡣
һѾ򿪵ıӣҲǽԶ˵λá

ԡǲһ˯ԲŰ˳ȥ
ǵüͷɿˡ
˹Щ࣬ȫȻٻһŮġ

ϵıֻһ룬˯˲档
УǺñӡ

˯һȵúܡ

ոջ˳ȥһ˯ô죿
ٻȻûзӦ
ǿΣ̾˿𱻽ǡ

һ˲䣬еȻ̧ǽǷӦ죬һס˸š

֪ǰôɳȥˡ

ֻǡĽֻһ޲£ůϸɾȦģõҪϡ
ͻȻϮȴëһӯ

һδУˡȻͿǸڴǰﻹĽףסƵģһ
ӣ

ȻɿǱתΪ˯ˣ
леԺƬ̲͵𣬡ǲǰֵǶ߳ȥˣ㣬ʦʱëǰϳ˯ŵʱ׽ŪңҾ˯Ҳ˵ı¡û°ɣ

ǣû£档
б㳯ҸǶģ

ǰˣֻǰڽûҽһźӿ׷ױʾҪԣԺܱܲôģҲˡ

صԺǼס˯֮ǧң֪ô
˺ټȻʱæͷԹ֪ˡ

¶Цݣ֪ͺá
Ųһ㣬ڳλãоü죬Ҷ˰ɣϿ˯ɡ

͵̧ͷ
еĻˣ׼·

дס֣
Ȼڣ֮ŵһ£ſ򽪰ǡ

ҲͷŽǣ졣
ǶôǵĹӣͻȻôеסˡ

һ࣬һף΢΢鴤òſסǰһĳ嶯ҧǡδô˯





30.     ӣ˯

ʳΪ, ŷԼ˯ͿˣȻôҪ¡
ɵҲԼ뻽ѻеĿģæд·ȥ򷹡
·͸, , ͸ǹס˺죬ס

ӣ

ߡûʲô顣

ͼԷء
ɡ糤ͽԶҲվס˽, Žǡ

ǣôæֻ˼һ, ҪһСá

ɡ糤Զͬʱ۾Ź, 첽, ҿԣ

ǿҲûп, ڻϣˡ
вԸδڵֱ𣬡ҪȴǼһãȳ˷Ҿ
Ҳʾ, һֱͽ̣ܶݵطһҲܲ
ֻϧлû˵꣬Ѿͳ, һֱԼ

ԭҪѴøǣǾܾ, ˽ǰ, עĿ, ֻѡһΪƫԶС

ټ, С, ҲȻ˾ʰһ¡
һͷа, ϾȻ˸¯, ð

߹ȥͰͷˡ
ԣٽײߣƽʱûлͽὪټ, ǲϲ޹㶼֪

Ȼתսǰӡ
յ̫˲˰벽ʲô

ˣ㲻ϲ޹㣬ϵζĶģ

˵ǲɫ˰벽Ϻγʲôζ
Ҳζܺ͡š 
ôŷʵݲ˱˾ܰٴĻҲϨζ
һֻζѰټСޣ쨶ţֻǰա

ӡƿţһͼͶͱ󣩣תʧ¸ˡ

ǵͺȣȻָסеĶͷֹٿ

뻳ﱧŴѵͼᣬͨͼ־󻹸żǰɽԻ

ˣοͼ־ټԻľ飬ɽϸͼ

µʱиص㣬ǾǳԷ˯úν
ڱԺʱɣʱѷˮ͵ֱߣھӪۼȫע벻ҴʹɫС
ȻŷֻҲȫע
ȫעؿŽǡ

Ҳ濴ͼϸԻΣţ߾浽ȥˡ
λֻĲӶͷüĵ˫ٵ°ͣһӢ
ȻһۣͿ⵭ĲǺһģһ

أߴһ
Ϊ̫ˣһȥеңԶеİֱѳζǵļӿȻӦԲһû

жʻͷˣ
æͷ
˺ü·ٶֻܳԸܲ𣿣

Ƕһ£̧ʾԻȥȻ봫

ȥִʱ΢һ¡
̷һԼͣͷĹ˴

﷿ʵͰѽǵ׼ˣֻΪһֱæ˭ҲҽţǱ̿š
һڵ
ټһꡣԸǡ

һһ̣һһɫζȻо¥
пÿˮʣӾǸɣֻǵһţʱȻ˱Ժļҹ档
ֻܰ;ת˿ӣЮһܲԳԡ

ǰȴԲá
ȫԹ

΢΢˵ͷסǸ˿Ц⡣
Юԭȿϵǿţ⣬ŵ

У
۾ϴӹԲԲǿͫԼ
ѾסЦ⣬ԭɫô

԰ɡﲻǾУؼҹ档
С໡һڿǿ⣬ģ̫ˣ

ԵȻ죬ǵθȴʮһ㡣
пڼҳԶһ˾꣬ʱһԣһüͷˡ

ôˣʣó𣿡

һ⣺֪ʲôô
ⰡʣѾһˣͷʲô⣬һ̶ûУ̫óˡ

µƬ⡣ǵһֻƬһ˵Ҫʮ㡣

ѹôóԡ

й˼ƽʱڸôԾͰˣսʿǳԵĶܲȴѼĳӶˡ
˵ֹסˡ
ǽҵˣϵд֮硣

Щδἰɴʱ㲻Ծر˵˿ڡ
лġ

һ㣺˵ˣԷɡ

ʿǳԵܲʹ𣿡ʡ

ǵͷһ˿̾Ϣ
ɣʹǴ֦Ҷ绨УҲͷĲˡ
ڴеʳҷѣҪսʿȴûһˮ

ۣ׬ˣлһţⷢлӣ꣡ʱһڶţڲ֪Ұ
˵ЮһŽӳԣ

ǣ

*

һֱæµҹڻ˿ɽɽͼԻ˵ݣʾǽΧ
ʻУôһطԭж糣Ȼһȴʧ򣬲ó·ʲôԭ򣿡

ſڰϣ룺󷨣

ԡûй񣬱ֻ󷨡

ǸղǸԻ˵˱ãɽ˶ˣԼ˶ʶҲΪ𣿡ײа˰ɣ

ǣǲǵãлӵͼϾ˵󷨲赽߽׵ʱǿӰ˵־ġ

Ǳһ߽ͼҲûаеҲ˵ֻڴ˵֮С

ǵĲȻһֱлҪ̫ˣȴֻһûʱ
̾˿лͺˡ

ʣʼһƬΧԲ¸󷨣һָԻǵľ
Ȼţ˳յʲôģе֧Ųסˡ

ǿԴֱΣ˯ɡ
ҲŶһȥˡ

ǼҹսֱõϰʱŸ±ʡ
ͷͼеֻѥһһ߷ڵϣ˲˯ռΨһĴ齡

ǣ
ˣֻһŴ

ϿһҲԲŴˡ
ֻѥӼһƽƽڴǰ

ϵĻ˯΢죬ɢҵͷգһƷ˿ڱǰűӵĺսɿ
Ҳ˯ûڵء

ֱ̧ҪƷ˿鿪˿˵ë
ֻǻûеȵ䱸кȻ˶˸סֻ֣ﹾӣ˯

˴ס˽ǵ֣ǲ˱óϸȥ
һַֻӦ죬ס˴齣סΣûѹϡ

ֻǣѾǳǳˡ
ߣڻƵĵƹˣˮϴʯһӰϸϸëСͦ촽һ֦ͷ쵽ӣҡ

֪жô֪жô
ôģʱиȫѣ̻Ժըѡ

ƹ΢΢ζ˿а㸡ҹԼٶҵԿء





31.  հ   ԽΣգԽ

ӣ
Ժ۾, ͼǵŴǰƹӳ£ƺе㷢졣
ϵе, ںĳֿĶȫԿ, üͷ

ˡ
ˡ

ϾĴȫռ, ܲô
ãһòŷԼ, Ͻɿ, ءʾõĸ첲˯, 㿴ô, ֻҪһطͳˡ

Ļû˵꣬ǾȻ, ͦñֱǶ, ֻļͷԵȻͦ, û
ȷȻǲ̫úġ
иɴ, ӴҪһǻȥ˯ɡ

Ȼû´, ׽ס, ñӽһ, ˴Ӱ˴ϡ
ǵ۾ûп, û˯ġ

ӰѻйͲ״, ´˯Ķ

黹δ꣬Ҳ˯

һ϶˯
鰸ǰ£š

϶˯, 첻Ҫɽ𣿡
ʣ˯ľ

ŶµϣȻ뵽԰Ҫǲ˯ղŸϴ

΢΢һ
īŨŨһΣֽϡ

عסƽֻǿ˯Ƿ񻹻ˡ

İҶ֪ˣȻˡ

΢΢һ٣֪ң㲻ô

ǵȻǷӰô㣿

ķͣһ£ƻԵ淢ᣬǴ۾ͣһʣҲ֪ô

ţԼ֪㡣

ǵ᣺ǣң˶ߣ

ôأиоԼˣҿɲǼ˾ߵģϴ󰡣ʦӰɰ谡
û꣬ǱѾڴ֪ˡ˯ɡ

Ȼƽǰûʲô𣬵в֪رе䵭

ѵõؿʼ˿ǣҾһȥĵط˯
˯ǣ˵ҪǮˡ

У
Ӽҹ棿

ڰͷķ죬īϸ죬ϵļС
˼֮󣬱㲻жˡ

˯ˡ

ǿͷαϣء³һ

*

һ㳯͢˷ˣȲǲа˼˼һаȥν
ʵʵĿΪ̽һ̽ԷʵΪսвնʹһ㶼ܰȻŵŻ
һڿɽˣΪһɽץϹ˵ԷʵԼܲܳ˵

ĳѡʮǰȥа顣
ֻǣһӡ
벻ηΪڿɽ׻ᷢʲô£˭Ҳ֪

ǵɨУڼϣҪкȻȥɡ

ǵ鲻ʮΣա

Ź氡е˵ΪΣղõҳΣһȥء

òϣԸսеΪȫ֮ڡ
ǿãһԲ
вʹֻλΣǲڷ׼׼׼Ͳ׼ֱӸΪʲôҪôã

ջߣݸһֻƿҹĥɵķۣ·ǣҹҲܿ

۱ɽɫǮ
ǣ
ǣֵǮ˳ÿƿӸһһҹ顣

۷Ź⣺һ
תͷҪţϴŵõıףճϸ
Ӳףȴûһ̱һ̸ǸŮ

У
ǻס

ѾߵſڣһƬѩ⣬ƬͷϻЦ⣬ţ
ؿоĳһ΢΢鶯Ǳһϸ߸ˣڱмּɬóǿսǰ˳Ǵһ

֪
ʹӦţ

ųȥտֻʣһˡ
ͷŷԼȭͷڡ

Сˣ飬Ҳȥˣ
糣ԡ

ѽôаǰ漸˽ȥ޻أһӡ
λӸСͬͬ˯Ȼһˣðյ£ôûȥһи̣Сͬʲô⣿

زбûܻص򶨣ʵѡ

ǡ
ûпǡǵȵϢǱҪ׼Ͽɽ콫ľҪúòˡ

ߣҲоһϤѹ
ָоڼᵽ
ҵˣڻδģһ֮ϵ

ҲҶ˵һ䣬ȥ
ٶȰýõԼ

ǵģʵѡ
ǿ
Ҳԡ
¼ûмܵס
һƽػ

Զ׼Ϊ죬ʵѡʵĵطԭǱ֡
ȥ
սȭͷ޷ɿָڷס

*

дʮ˶ӽ˿ɽ
ԱкȻкɡ

е⣬ͷ콫˵ɽ͸ÿ˶ͷ
ˣ
ǣ˵ӣԲġ
еͷİɣˣôǴôǴȥ

ɰ˲١
ʿֻлԼͷߣСһܵǺģһ˳ˣ͸ͷˣҲͷȵĸȷʵ£ôǰԴڿϡ

ļ磺ֵܣ㣬ʲô֣
ϰ

֡еͷҪܶ㻨ģǾ͸ˡ

ɽеȳк䣬ּ䱳ĵطűѩϻźҶ޷·𶼾ˣһ˰죬ֻҲû
Ȼûɽˡ

ͳ뽻Ŀɽͼ
ͼǽǻģÿһϸףɽ·ߡ
ͼʾôãõɽˡ

ȥǺȻȣɭɭľεأסߡ

ݵζ裬ܻᱻóļΣһһڵͼı档
гķȥߣƵɫڣ⻹ççɽ֣ɽ壬Ҳ·
ǣǿһ֦ϰŵĺ첼
Ǻɰǵġ

ǽ֪˭˳ʱһҡ
컯գĹ񣿡ϰǵȻסˣȻС
вͷ
Ȼ˲ݲߴСëͷ

ô찡磿Ҳ߶߿Ҫǻȥɣ
аҹ۵񽻸˺ɣϸ£ÿһսǶЩʱͷԿһ϶ө㹻ǴؾӪ

ˣɵʲôôܻȥаѵͼһ￴ȫЩ£

ɣɡ
ҪŻɽ

һԼɽϣ
Լ𣿣

ϰ˵ĿҲ˺ɣеĿѾӡһСӡʼת֪ߵغѰ·ĳСӡ

һЦγ˱ϵİ
վЩ
ĺɫ٣ľУǰľһƬɽȷ·ҡ

ϰĿɿڴ

⻹û꣬һһãЩصĴԶһЩмڳ㹻һƬյأȷۻôյȻһͷհɡ





32.  ʦ   Ҵ򸱽ײİ

캮ض, ľݻƣһš
⡰䡱һҹա

ס֣ס֣֪ﴫ, һ˿ķŭ, 走ķ

ڶߣɻǿʿǿʼȴ, ڱӪʱġɽ˵ǰˡ

ųĵط, İһն¡

ڰдɱһҽ, һӰͻȻƾչ˳, Сϱ˵˿, Ѫܡ

ɼͬʱһҽУ˻

Ҫ, һ˫ȴץס˵ļһ¾Ͱ˻ȥ
Ӱ˲ʧֻʣڰ, ֻ
ϴ󣬸Ͽȥл氢ţɣ
ʲôѪ, յɽկ군ˣ𣡡


ʿɫ, һСȴ, иתܡ

ֿ, һ, ˰˸ʺ, , Ŷ
ͷҪˣй

Ѫô˵ţ̧һ, Żҫĵطɽֵܣġǰ͵ϴǾͰǰѻô

֮ǰһŭ𣺡ŵģ

ףһɽžͱˡ
ӷŵãҲãǾյѣôô

ͬУкɽܲʲô
Ȼ˾ˣ飿бù

Уб㵹Ӱ

ͣһ£㣬ǰѶǰӡ
ˣֻûӵģֱӰݳȥ

һĻˡ
һһ㱻û·ĳȿţһԽ磬ʧ

ϵĸоûʧȻϣԵظоһ˱סˡ
Էʹ˵㣬ô֣

΢΢Цǰһ̽ʿֵĺһץסֻϵ֡
ȻûзһУ֮æˣκλеһϣһһ

קңקң
ڿлص

ͷϸоʲôأӣʱһʮˡ
ĽŲڵȣϷ߾
дһܲд޵Ŀγһ߰˸

Ϊ׵һ꺺ӣ֣һӡԼһԼصСëͷʵȻܣһš

ŻһִˣɵҲĿɿڴϰӦÿ죬ŽǼɽΧ

㡪ֺӵŻУһ仰ûѾİ𺣱Եʼ
һϸҲڴ֣ĵ¾͸Ƶģһ͵һͱ߷ɳԶΧѸٱһ

ѾڰΧ۹⾪˵һĻֺǻһαˡ
Ѿе˵߹ֺʲô

ֺȡȴͷ
дһ£ͷҲ󰡡
ֺ̧ͦأˣͷСǰͷɴţ

УУͷ·ɡ
ȴͷһʲô·
һˣòҪڰɣг˻ΣⶫҪֽկϡ

ȴͷ֣ŶҾկ

У

еĻ̫ˣȴͷկţֵǣ
ɽǣǸһϴ󣬲öô

ȴͷͺ
ϻ˵㲻ôոҾ͵ˣ

бЩ

ȴͷһ㶣

Ȼأп˿ԱߵĻ⣬ҪҪٶյ

ȴͷã

ϽģңҪҪа

ȴͷ̽ʣôô

Цˡ
죬ӳϣЦü䣬һڼС꣬峺ʡ
ܣ͸ߡܣʹߡ

κһȴͷ˵仰ȴͷӶԷϣѾ̹еȻǰһϣκʵ
ҡҲ֣ȴͷ

סĵҪҴߵ˼ඣ

ǲǲǣȴͷήˣ治֣˵ɽ϶л˵㣬ܲаȻҲҪлġ

кܺ˵ɿǻʲô·ȥһл
ȴͷʮֲԸԺͷ˽ս
ֱǡ走̫ġ͡ﰡĸɲ

вãһסȴͷ½󣺡ô㲻飬Ұ˻ѵ׼ллңϼһ

ȴͷȼյĻ棬ᡣ
𲻾ŵ𣿣

*

ȴͷȥµʱ䵽ɽġ
ǵһССУξڱܣôֵµĲбɽΪܡ
ֻСС֣ԵĴõģлŽеɫ

գգۣµˣ
ȴͷһʶ˧

˵ֹʶ컢ɽҡ
ˣԳΪ档Ǵ״ԪΪȵòȡˣȥĹصбҸͶһֱ˻ʳǡ
ϴճʵ۾Ҫˡ

ϴڻԵɺϳѣϴ󻹰˱ͻһǩ˴ɩ飬ʱӦڰɲ׼Կҡ

ȴͷüѣ޲̷ɹȥڡ
дӦаȻһر

ȴͷĻŭţ֤һȰ˵л齵

лʲô֣ģʲôԼûҲȴͷǶʣһʾʹˡ
лڹȴͷ˵ѾǸˣǽӽһּ࣬ǵȻҪԹǹлʲôҲûʳ

һʱ֮󣬹ȴͷŻɽ
Ѿõһģиȴͷǹĵ²
ִǺ˷˵ģɽδġ

ͨݺͱͷ˺üµĿɽѣʵǼľͷӣȫܸ컢ɽȡ
мֱеͬȴͷɽ˵ϣҲǿ

ԱһԺݵΪǱлס
ſӣŴԺ͹ȴͷ˲ͬǴ˼ҵĺū
˽䱸ؿŹȴͷĹٱΪʲôѳ͢˴

λֵܣλǻ磬ģ˵͢Ҫаǣȴͷɤӣͷ𣿿ǿһ飡

š֨ѽ򿪣һӰӭƹ⣬ſڡ
Լʮܸ꣬ߣʮݣݵƤǵĳ̶ȣݣ°ͼ
ƭˡĿɨмʿͳͨɽ˻паھɲѾаֻǰװɽϣ󷨣ǻһ

Բ۹Ȼ󷨣־ϲѧ˲٣ǵһοɽĴֱʣʱʮּлʲô󣿸߽׵𣿡

лһۣûᣬֻȴͷնʹЩȰɽ죬ʱǻȥɡҵģֻҪס󷨣ûô

˵ааһҪͷȥءصҪлҲһȥɣôõı£ɽͷϧˡ

ȻΪڿɽɽڿģɰ䣬ѣ磬ǼȻɲ͢治ǵİ

һӣҲգҾԼȥ

ʹ˸ɫʾ

ĺ棬ϰΪ׵ʿ°γ˵ϰӣѾɲɱۣ书ǿǵ׼ȥǴһ

ǶսɳϱѾɽկôЩɽˣҲûɽôĹǽ
ǵĵеΪлĸڣ˷֮Ϊ棬ͷۿɼķڼ˶¶˿ϲ顣

ȴͷȻɫɽһεʲô
лһЦ˰ɣʲô飬ֻ̽ǵʵȻնɱѡ

ֵǣǧѷĴţһ£Ǹȥٷƣ
ϰиߺȣӵȴͷն¡

Ǻһ죬ĵ·նɽϡ
޴صѹǵڱȻصڶͷϣмʱҳһѪۣ˵ɳȥײһôϣѪŻ

˶סеʿͼΣɽˡ
ɽ紵¹лתתİĵһһʿָ˵ҪߣǾҵˣ˭Ҷҵˣ³

ûʲô飬ÿһʿ̲סһ

ӣϰؿڣǿţǱҪͬ۴ʱСҲδرס㣡

ҾǿǷɳıһСٰȰŲŵһ˾㡪

еĻû˵꣬лȻڣô
һֱʮֵͳһȴʵ쳣

ãû˭ֱǵ֣΢΢һ£´Ȼ뵽һܡ
лͨ󷨣ʶǡ
㡭òǸлɣ

ǺǺǺǡл͵͵Цˣ֪ң
ǣдϲһֱأһ飬ѧͼô˵ҵʦ

ôҰҾ֪ҵ˿ûôҡл˵ţĿȻһ٣ϡ

˳ߵͷԼϵöָ
г˵ɻһȻԼòһõϣ뻹Էһ
ȻлϵָȻҲֻŰָ˶ʼǡǸģȻָ㣿

ʵǡˡǡڻеĹ˵ľԼģʲô裬ûǻ£
ǾʹʹءšһȻͼ֮飬֮ʦ㿴ָΪ֤ǽӵĵûɣǸɽ׼£ȥ˱

á

ĴûأʹӦˣ

лȻнһʲôŵģϾʦͽһвͬ

ȫʦͽ֮顣ǾֻҪύ˽ȫεˡ

ȻҪͶǣ󷨱㲻ڴ˴ˡȥȻͬһȥǡл˵ţ΢Цȸѧҵ󷨣ҪҪһȥ󣿡

УҲǿиϵġ
ֳһ߽󷨣ƣʱ

֮ǰȰʿȫˣѾѪϰ
ȻԸȴͷͺɣˣȰǰҺʦһȥҷӡ

ɿߵɽǣٿһصʿ
û뵽ǽ˷δɣԼȱˡ

ʶŻУҲȥ
лΪӣ֮ʱֻסһˡ

ɲϷͼеҪôҲȥ˰ɣһиʲôʧô򽪷ӽ

йЦ˵лһ綼ܴ߰ʮָһİ֣ʲôʧ

ʲôһһȥأȥӱɥɡĺɵļ磬ЦҴ򸱽ײģҪʯ֡

ɣͯ޼ͯ޼ɣ

ʵû⻰һ£û뵽һߡ





33.  þ   ǽҵ

ҹ, ǵŵơ
ת˰죬ֲҽҲˡ

һ, ɽµɽ, ʱ˳Ļ, ûˡ
ڻû

㣬˵ûȥ

ƿӳ, æӭȥСô
¡, ÿﶼҪæʱ˯, Ϊġ˵콫, 콫ȥЪϢ

Ҳ߳, ͷ񣬽鰸ִʻͼ
˵˰, ͺŽףôƴʲôһ, һߵСֹ, ¶, ˾ֻһ, ǰ̻˲ɣ

ص, ̾Ϣ
ӿȥȷʵһ, ζ, רעֱߵĲˮҲһڣʱʱͣ±š
ʱ֪, ڵһʱ̧ۣεڴ

ӣʱˡ벻òѡ
ǡšһȴûͣ

룺Ҫһ磬ұȥɽȥһӣ
زȥҲһزƽȥ

һȻĺȳһ˵ƺõĳλͽ
뻹δüͼǵ۾͵һ˲ߵš
Ȼһ˲䣬еĹϨȥ

Ǻɡ
£ʺɣأ

粻ˣɴſǻ
ʱ˷·илȥ󣬺ɽɽ
˵ɽ棬ȴһֱûеȵг

ȴͷȥһˣȴһ󷨷лߵ·ߣΣķǽȥûҵˣܻܿкл

òԣϽŹȴͷǻ
ϸ£Ϊȴͷ˵Ĵݣùȴͷȥϰǵ·ϰ˵ƣҹɫװʿ
һ·˳ֻǽѲߵøܣű

򽪰ǻʱ򣬹ȴͷֵԱۣ
ǽҵټ
Ǹ밡
ǸС仰û˵㱻ӵһס
Ļᱣ𣿡
˵ᡣ
ţŻӦû

ʹΪʲôôŻУȴͷ۾ôŻ˭

ʱĽǵȻϾ˼Щл֮ɫȻˡ

ɫҲˣѹǵҲԭɽС

ɣӣϵл

³һ
ֹϵã

лҲ游״Ԫ̳̽лȴлҵӣȻֵһ飬ȴǱ飬ϲ󷨡
лΨһһûж̫ѧˣҲΨһһûпƾٵˣõӣ˵л̫үϳ
֮˵Ϊл̫ү⣬̫ү֮ǰл뿪ã˵Ҫȥɽ󴨣ȥѰ߽󷨵İ塣

ıˡ
ڱܲã͢ڹĴ󳼣лҺȻУȫ屻
лӹһ٣һΪûҵõл̫үʥּ´֮ǰִϻȥ֡

лҳ֮󣬽һֱҵлѰһû뵽лȻڿɽ
ѻС

Ȱѹȴͷ˴ȥ׵ʱȻŷŵƣһ鰸ǰ
̲סлϳ˰ָŴ߻ӣ¾ΪҪΪ˻𣿡

㻹ôѡڿɽΪҡ
ɽˣǾͨݾͨݾ£㾪˱ٽ˲£Ȼ뵽ǰ
ܰΣȻ

صԣΪ˻գǻдܹա
ԣȥɡ

*

ڶһ磬ŽҪԳæб׼潪ɱɽ

ء
ǿ˶Ļͨݾʹ¿ɽˣֻ˼룬һѡľ

ˣѾѻ˿ɽСҲͷĻҲҪˡ
ˣ󣬴һͬһ

ɫģǦѹһһ㣬ʱҪѩ
ɽ£С

ɽúǾͷֹǽˣȥƲһսĴ
ʿЩֻţҲЩ

Щ졣
һó󷨣Ѿӹȴͷʳ֮ͨ벻֪ΪʲôҪ·

ϢϢأҪϤһŵȦ
Ȼͣǿսĵط

ҹ˵ĻصڶߣεͿһȻ˵հɡ
ɺ˵֣Ȼ˵ûɫ͸ƬսĺۼǷ·ܿаεģ
ôС壬ȴܻӶôĵ͸å

Ǳʲôһ£̧ͷעǰçɽ֡
Ѿʮָӣֻ鲢ܿȫòûʱˡ

šûг֮ѭҹ۵Ĺȥ
˵꣬ɽȥ

ӣ
Сˣ
ʶϡ

һ̤ô֮䣬컯֮£Ӱǰʧˡ
ֻһ仰󷨸ӣö

뷢˺ݣǰʧȱ̤ͬһλãȻһգ̤һããڣǰﻹӣ
ÿ죬һס䣬˻

ͷһƬ亹

ʲôĵطӾôһ˽ȥˣ

ǣȴԿǡ
󷨶ݰԷλ裬̤룬ʱλãһ̤ա

󷨵Ĺ֮ЩĶܸ컻ء

ȷ˶Ҷһ֮󣬽תȥ
˵еĸ߽󷨣ˡ

أ޴춯ǰһôϷ¡
ϰǰ

ǡе

߽󷨣Խɽƣ˵ǡ
Ҳ˵ţѱ档

ǣȴԼķӦӿ˽ŲϵʱȻ˵ϣõϵҶƬƬ

Уǰ
ѾһƬյأ֪жٿô̲֣꣬ͣİ裬·С

Уס֣
е
֮ԼĶ䶼죬ڻӵؿĶкˮϢҲȶؿڼ

Ҫȥֹǰһ̤֮Ȼʧˡ
˳¿ɱӡ

һķ·̿УƵܣǿԼ侲
裬ţšŽ󷨣
š

Ǹѧʱ򶨵
Ϥ󣬽תͿ˴Ӵ󻺲߳л

𵱳Ǹ緢лӣڵл˶ʮ꣬ݵһĨĻ֪꣬Ǽϲлӡ

ǣлϴһ˿ЦԭΪҪٺ£ȺҷŻ֣û뵽ô졣

ˣԷǿǽҵˣлҵȫȻ޹ء

ָϣ޹أлЦ˵ȣ͸󣬽ȴֻתȦͽˣΪŮӰɣǣǽҵˣڣҲǽȳһ

ǳ֪лҳ£ȫǽҵĴ

ȻǽҵĴлһ˶ѧʲôҲᣬҸ׶һ飬֮Ҿ޶ΪҵǽңǾ͸˸ͨն̣֮
л۾ͻɲлһٶڣףһֻңֻһ˵ҪҪǱ𣿣

ʹսȭͷ
ԣлνֻǽ켺ֶΡڽݵ·ϣлҲǵһҲһ
лӣǽҶԲ㡭

лЦԲ𣿹ټһԲܻлһٶ𣿣

޷ش
ټĵȨ״δʡ
лҳ֮ŵõϢϵʱһжѾˡ

ǽټĴ£ӦҳеǵлӣҪʲôҾԹԡֻһͽָҲʱãĺͽҺɡ

ȻҪ㣬ҾΪ㲼߱²ѧ󷨣ҽ̸󷨶߽סл۾˸ԹĹ⣬㿴ˣѾУֲʲôʵʲôǻþĿ־֮УСҲ֪ǿʲôҹڣһֱɱͣǰɣ󷨱ֻͣһ衣ϲһӣ

İһٶڻһƬ⣬û˭ģǻС
˵ֻӳ־ڣܸͨʹࡣ

лһѶסлʺ

лη壬Цʹ֪һصлҿѪʲôζһɣҪǰ

סΪŷֽץסΪвҪסж
֮ǰѾȻĶ˼󷨵Ĳ֣ڿסһ˲Ų˵ߵһʯ

ʯٽأ¸ûƵöƶˡ죬ת˷λ
ɲǼ䣬ּķͣͣ
Ȼ󣬷˱仯·ǴӺԶԶĵطһ˿΢ãġΪ֮ѣԵϢ

㡪лԾؿ֪ʲô𣿡

ˡһ;ƽƽʼձȲϷӣ޷󡭡
ǵĶͷ߳һ㱡Щѹļ󷨵Ĵ߶ȽȽǰþȫסȻһ򶨣ҿתš

ԭ㿴ǰţ㷢û뵽㾹ȻѰ·лЦý񣬡ãܺãԭֻôһˣ뿴Ϊʬʱʲô飡

ɿлˡ

лϴһ˿ЦݣǣΪҲֻ֪Ҫһ̾ͻ뿪ҲߵģһһĵΪֹ

û˵£۹۱ǣǹģԼþ
̫ǿĵĿ־壬һڿʵ壬

ǣҪˣûл
ҪСġ

亹Ӷǻ
ǡ硭

ӣ
һý۾

оǰָգ˿ˮʪϣһˮϴˣȫǾϲôˣ

ǡ
ǡþ





34.     û£̫

л, ֲԵʱѾˡ
ޱ޾ĶԴԴϵӿͣػӵͣնɱ, ȴôҲɱꡣ
Ӽ, һòǿǿ, ¸£ܻûио۹
һ, ۵ζ
ԭ۾ʼ, ָῪʼ, СȵļҲʼ, Ѿչ˵İԽԽأÿȥһǺľ
˻һն, ȴûסһ˫Ҳղסİôİ, ॡһڵϡ

ѩ, ӭͷն¡

Ŀ־һνٵͷ, ŵ, Ȼ޷֮

Ȼʱ, Ȼǰʧˡ
û, ɱû, Ķû, ΧֻʣһƬصľϵݺύ֦Ҷһء

У

ô£
һжǼٵģ
ȫǻþ
Ϊþ, Լ

أлЦЦſԹ
һͼİɱڳЦķҹȥ

ϧǸ߽׵Ĺǽŵ˰ûŵҪһײײһС
˵ãлеʱ򣬶ͷײϵľһЩǴӿġ

Ȼһ˲ɱڶ𣬵һ
һΣûж
Ͷǵ⣬ӿֱն£Լ
ûѪû˿ڣûۣΪѾ֪Ǽٵġ
Ȼ㻯Ϊǳϸмӿʧˡ

мֱеͬڵԼȻ󷨶ôá

㡭ħл𣬴Ų˼Ĳ죬ⲻܣܡû˿ԡ

һ˹ȥһѶסĺ
ֻǻûڣлɫȻˡ
ֻһ˲£ϵӲ֣񿴵µһĻֻ۾ϴ۽ǼҪѪ
ҪҪ㡪

˻Уǰѻе˲ĳˣҧг
һŰ߿ײһô·ĳˣסǿͷײײһͷѪ
Ҫɱ㣬ɱ㣡Ҫ㳥Ҫ㳥лһٶʮ

У
ݽԼĻþˣǡԸ

ˣȻָʳķеͷۣҪҪزپҵŰѻˣҲ󷨾ˣ

ѡһİҪ¿Ȼ¶һƬףԼϵ̿ڡ

У

ǽǵ

յת󣬱㿴˽ǡ

ŴϥϴȫÿһƬۼ׶Σͷ̿ﺬһŶ飬׵ĺ淢ԳĽ׻Բҫ۵㡣

￴⸱׵ʱ򣬾һʲôģܺܰܺ磬еҲȲͻȻֵĻ档

׵ӣɣ߹ţһֻлĺ롣
ÿüֱˡ

̲סӵԭָо
Ͻ˦˦ͷԼ񣺡ôˣ

۾
ֻĶȴʮּһдûп·ɲǼӿһ⣬ϣǲȷָ֣һ˿С𣿡

ңԲҸղżֱ͸Ƶģɱˣ⵽ʲô󷨣ôҵ𣿡
һʣȻŷɫ԰ס

ǵķɫӵһֱǱȽϰ׵ģҲûа׵̶ȣһѪɫҲûС
ΪرڵԵ
еɻȻͿͷһ㺹һκӶǻգֱϡ

û¡̫ˡ
仰·˽еǣûм
лսһϿ˷лϳֹɫȵĿ־塣

ĹȫȻɢͫȻɫ԰׵ûһ˿Ѫɫץסеļ磬ץô·Ҫ黨еĹͷ
Ҫȥ磬Ҫȥģģ

мܴˣѾһϰߣ˭ۣ˭ۡһΣˡ

ǵĴ罪Խǣɣ˵ܶ¡ǹϵ֮ӣ޵Ҳһ˿ëԽڵʱ򣬽ǻһֵӵܣһ𣬶Ϊ
ɽԽΧʱ⣬׹֮󣬽Ǳ㲻ǵĽӣ˽ҵټ
ӴĽңӴδȫѹļϡ

ģģаοǼ۸ץ̫ȥļ磬粻ȥģ粻ġ

Ļû˵꣬ǵһս˱˽ǵĻš
Ҫߡ磬㲻Ҫߡ
ǵԵıˮ䣬ϲһˮۡ

ȫסˡ
ǡˣ
̧ͷôǰ˰ؿڣһܶǰϣϴ£Ȼȵġһ㱡ˣˣˣּֿ죬ʱҪĳš

ǸʮĽǵ
뷨Ȼ뻨еԺ

ĽѾúóȶҲ̧һֳֻţԶģԶʹࡣ
ԭʮĽǣޣˣѹ

еĺһ޻ˮʪˣ׹ġ

㲻ҪߣˣĸҲߵģ㡭ǵĳˮʪס
أио˲˲һӼĸף

д֪˵ԽеôңҰޱǰһ

ɣ߹ڽԽǵĸҲĹȶҲ˵һĴ죬ͬʱʧȥֳĸס

ЩɣͣЪ߶ʱֻѰ£Ĳɣе㲻ͷ
ͬʱʧȥֳĸףɣ˵ֻһ仰Ĺڴ˿̣в׽жʹࡣ
ʹһʣˮϣʼĿһһۡ

Ҳ̲סǵĻ̧ͷ
ۣ޵ñ

ץס֣ӣһѣЩǼٵģٵģֻҪǲڣʲô¶ûУ

֪ԼڸǶſ˵ɾ̲סóģٲڣĶҪˡ

ֵ鷢ˣĻȻͷãҲˣݣҲˣòã

̾˿
ְ˽Ӻݡ

ǿֹס˿ĨȥϵۣȻĴָգȥϿˮ
Ȼ¶һЦݣݣ£һĸ׺ʹǷݣһչ㡣

Цݡᣬ

Ҳ̲סһѱס

ˣ꣬Ǵһ׼˵һĶӡֳټ
ΪǸԶ֪ƣΪҲ֪ΪĽǡ

ǴһԼʱԶؽˡ





35.     ӣ㼸ˣ


еܼ򵥡
ʹ, ߲ʹ죬֡

һŽǣһִûйġݵĸܡĺʹ, ܳ, ȴֲջ֣û˿, һ˵
۶ʼɬʲôҪۿ

֪ýǴӻѹ, µĲǵ, ʵĻ䡣
Щʹʵ, Զᱻ

ֻбס, úܰЩＷȥѣǳȥ, ǳȥͺˣ

ԣܽһܳȥ, ֻҪ뿪󷨾Ϳԣ

ҪѽǴӵǺȻץס, ץʮ, һ, ȥ
浹ڿҶ֮, ֮ȥ

˵˿Ҷ, Ҷ׷, Ǻڿ, 衣
峿һֱѹŵĺƲ㣬·ǱʲôεĶѩӸ߸ߵƮȻ, ˼䡣
ѩɢӯڻкͽǵϡϡ

һжſڽϣĿԡ
Ŵ

еĺ˶ݵͣ٣˲һƬհס

ǵ۾Ȼϴһƿӱʲôµɿһ˺ü˵̫죬һЩˤ
ס֮ԼĴһ֡

㶵ſڵϣ
׸ѣַ춼ôɣӦбҪô
ҷʲôûоΪʲôôһ˵ֵϷŮ

һԼĴһ溬ŭȵĹͻ

գգ۾˺һմһҶҲ˲ã߽̽㲻ϵˣ

ǰνʣǰ䱸Ҵδ㣬ʶ㣿㵽ʲôˣô㡭ʲô

һ£ȻԼ
ʪĸо紵ϻ䡣

ǵʪۣӿҪ
ǡ᣿
ۡ᣿

оǱͱһҲһѣʲôޣӲûпޣѪᣡ

㶣
סڣ죡˵û޾ûޣд˻ߣѩѩϻˮ㿴ԼҲУ

ǺɵĨһȻָϵˮۡ

ǣ
У

˶û˵ͣˣҶҲˣֻѩ䡣

еżһŴӡԲӾȻˣⲻܣĴѳһǰһ

ûڣǵĽֺ

У˸ûеһ⣬ôСʲô
͵ͨ죬ӶûӹҲˣ㡢ΪŮңˡˡ

кȻסЦˡ
ǰ˻ǽǣǽǵ壬ҲǽǵȫȻͬǸɬģ

ô˵ءͻȻ⸱ģȻʲô¡
һҪĻǰһַ跨ַ跨ͦġ
ٿޣʹ

˶һ֮ǰֳ෢׹ĸоȫʧˣϾʵӣ꼸ˣ

䱸ؿ

ʮ壿ʮòֻʮɣ

㡢ʲôθɣ¶Сްɰʱ׼ͷƵģ֪Ůܲף㡢ԶһЩ

¶˴Цݡ
ԭôСʱѾǸϹŰˡ
СŰ塣

ֱۣһåϷŮӵĲ򽪰ǡ
һǱһֱһôס·Ľ㡢

ָĵס⡣
ʱĽȻûпʼ̫ѧ˫ޣҲûпʼҹѧϰֽ
ССĻӽУǰֵһᡣ
ɱĽֳϣȦ

˵һأҪһڽż⣬˿Ӱ顣
ŽѸǺо켫ˡ

㡢㡪ǵĶӶÿҪѪˣ۾ҿɫ󣬡ҡ

һָͷ̧°ͣ˵öԣŮܲףɸղǿʵʵˣ˵ڸô죿

ҡҡ
ôľԸоõǵڷָ̣
Ҳر죬죬׶޷ѹ
ôȥŶҪը˰ɣ

ͻȻˣһС˵Ǿ춯صĴ°ɣ

еЦֹסﷺҲ֪¶òˣþҪա
ȻѷӶ̫ͷһһˣͷ϶ҪѪ޹顣

Ȼ׼ֵʱ򣬽ǺȻ˱ۣһҧ˾
ҡǼȻ˼֮ףұԹ︺𡣹Ҽӹ֮󣬱ýס

˽ס̫ԼĶ䡣

ǰȻǺҲȻżɬ仰˵ڣԭȵľ־ѾˣĿ
ֱŻУҽʮ꣬Ը⣬ٵꡣ

У
Ҵ󻧵ӱضйлޣһģ
Ͱѽǹˣ

һ飬æ֣òòãҾһ˵

ü£㣿

һüʱսӵķ緶ûи·ĳ嶯ʲôʵҵļ൱ƶȫ䲻϶㰡

޷ǵҴȢ׹غδҪϸѡǴӣⷽ棬ײֻ̫ҪҡͶͶϣƶԲҪ

顢Ͷ⡢ϣ
ĸֽȻ˵úܳҲĿɿڴһμң͸Ͷˣ

ǡǲѾСС
˵üѼˣɡ֮סĸô²ڣΣ֮ҸҵṼ

дסˡ
ֻ֪ʮĽӣǷӵ۾Ƿӵ۾һ񣬷Ƿӵ

͵һ£ֿء
͵ذס˦˦ͷ
ѵ㣡˼ֻǸСܵܣ

ҡô̽ʣһ˿ȷ͸Ҫᡣ

ֵͣǰ󲽣ͣһͣһۡ

׸ʲôôͳ⸱棿
ԣһʼֻ붺һѡôأô

ҴˡĨһϵصҲƭ㣬ʵҸŮӡ㿴Ǹģеġ
˵ŻأǾзļУʮ˵
Ƕеģɲˡղһӣ͵èèһˣȥ

еĻ˵ͣסˣΪǺȻͷһЦ
Цǳ峺͵þӯӯˮϵĴ⣬üģȫ˳ǣص˷ʱ⡣

ȫס
Цݡϼġ

ǴοȫܿЦġ
ʱôһЦ˺ü꣬ףԭʱЦݡ

ƭңҲҪѡһͷ̧ͷϵĺ컹ûȫʣ񻹴һ˿ɬü΢̵סһĨ磬˻ôġ
˵һ£ͷȥҲȥ
иĺöµĻôġɰ

ˡ

Լ
ûҲû

Ҫ




36.  ң   Ƹƣ°׷

ҿɰ
һֱ˵, ֵ˵壬ϴ˵ȱ۶Ψû˵ɰ, ʱмֺ, ôɰ

͡͡ǵٶȺ֬ɫƫһ, ǲٿɰǿɰ, ﻹôɰ

ܵ, ܺ, ˵ǻش, ǹ档
µĽë΢Ǻʱĳ
лָƤ, һƤѾ챻ˡ

һֳ嶯úñһ
ʵ㡭㻹ûʲô, ס㲻˵ҡҵʱôȥ㡭

Ȼѡ
ввˡ
ȥ, ӾҪ滵ˡ

ȿȿ, ˾ɤ, ð, ȷʵе, ŶǸ㿪Ц, ҵ˵, úš

ǵͷȫ档

ͷУ̫˰ȥһô죿
ﻹǵ˾֪Ķ𣿡
ѩƮ, Ŀɭɭľ
ʣոŸ׺ʹһɽȻɽԳˣֻҺûе

ﲻǾɽͨݿɽеҲǴԣǽ˷ˡҲʮ꣬Ƕʮꡣ

ôܣԵסˣ㡭أ

аγĽӸ׼Լտ
ˮճһųӵ
˴סֲΡΡظԼ۾ϴ󣺡ǡң

΢Цɣ֮ôӢ˧

˭ʣӪﲻŮˣΪʲôŮ˷ˣ

˵ͺóҪԼΪʲô˷ˣýͽӺΪʲô뿪ʹҪл󷨡йľ;еڸ ɴȻӪôŮˣҲŮˣɡ

Ȼˡ

ˣڽ˷ʱС⴦ؾҾؾɡؾֻʮ꣬Ҫ뿪ܱӣ֪𣿡

һɡ

֮ھҪ취뿪նصҪȻǶ꣡

ǣ㲻𣿡
Ǳؾ

ħµؾ𣿡
ǵġ
һ˵һеСϲԭӵԴҲװħ֮Ķ

Ļǲ֪ûȫţȷʵʼĴ̽ڡΪһһ˺һ°ڡ
תʲô

ƤҪҪô۰ӣ
ﹾ档
ʶ˼ھô
ͣҵӣ˩һȽϲɢ

һ˵һѾ°˺ɺüȻһĲһϵԼһ˸ϵϡ

Ļǣڵɫĵָ𪣬ڻϴ˸ᣬϵСǵֱ

һ⣬ֱɢһѩڼϻһֱ߽

𣿡ʣ΢΢ͳ

ȻԲĳȣܺãһһɳһӸϡ

Ӧɰɡ
ǿüۣ΢΢µ۾ڲᡣ
ΪûϿŮӡ

˷ͷѰҳ·ͷ޹
ʱ̲סʼӡ
⽪Ӻ棬ۺãȻǷ

ѩԽԽҵһ£һѻʱܱܷѩ
ϻŸһŰӲĴ
ѱ룬һǡ

ʯͷӲȣüôԣ
ʾһ£ǿȥѳѳԣܱȶǿ

üıùýţŻϿһ
кܿŵһɷҷ㣬ٻصĴڵģһھҧһ롣
ӣĴָ

΢΢һ㶣ҷӣ

ţΪڿԴҽ㽪ӡ

ΪʲôڿΣ죬ڿΣҲ̫ѧɣ
̫ѧҲǷӡ

ôܣҪôģҪô䣬ôѧæù
Ҫô˵㿴ɶҪȡ

ǻǾò˼飬̫ѧڿΣȻҪ˷ˣæô

˵ڿν˷ֻǼְŽæء

ȻɣȻ֪ҾʲôɣʵǸʲôҸĸ𣿴𣿰Ѿǻʺ˰ɣе»ӣ

ҧűס

ɫѩ裬ï֦ܵڷѩһƬССأԾͶһƽһĹ⡣

峺һ괺ոշѿ٣һ档
ûо꣬Щпҵ飬δ

ţ㸸ĸͦõģ㸸ڳ˵һû˸ҲġĸرãͶԵú㣬ۼҪˡ

ǵ۾΢΢ĸθһ򲻼ѣҲΪԭδˡ
ţһô򣬸˼ҩͺˡ

ͷããáǰأ

òò˫ȫ빬ܳ谮ʵر빬ڶ˺ӣǻʳӡ

̾ϢǿٺòҾ֪õĹû˭ϲġҴأĲŸɣʱ϶Ѿ£Ϊ׵ˡ

šпĹ⣬ԾᣬϼĲ£Ǳָʹء

ǵͷ¹ѡܣ±ܣǱָʹܾʦΣս治Ҵ簡ֻ˫ȫˣһְֻǣеء

п۾һ˲˲û˵
ְˣ㰡
˫ȫˣҲ㰡
ˣ㰡

Ҵó˰ɣ

ţˣȢϲĹǷҵġ
ԭæпҵԼϲĹЦ治֪ʲôĹϴ磬ɩļҵģ

дؿ
ЦݱѩеĻ⻹Ҫů·ǻƽʵأ⡣

Сɣ

л񡣵еѱ࣬ټȢȵȻǿŵڣŵڲѻҪ֪гŮôмңֻò¥Ĺ£ֱһ˵һ³һҲ¥¥һƮ䣬ɲɣƫƫĻǾɩˡաл

ԭлҵĹǵͷлŵڣɩһ֪񡣡

Ҳͷǿɲ

ֻǡҸûзô

һ㶣ŵ֪ˣΪʲôҪԣ

ǽҵټȢĲԼӣǽδŮˣһлң¸ײ⡣

˵ǽҵټȢô鷳
ȻǷԵģɼܲסɩȽᣬ췹Ӷˣʲô

𾪣ʲʲôɩȻ
ӶҪı飬ȻԼòԣﲻԣʮ

֮ɩúõģ¶Ӷܴˡ
Ȼ𾪣ҵֶǽҵΪҪȥ͡

Ǹȷе챻ƵƲˣһӣɩһֱӵ㣬̫ѧõӣÿչңڡ

ǡꡱһЦˡ

УЦʲô
ѵֱˣ

̫ѧ֮䣬ƣڱҪ˷ˣҲң𣿡

У
У˵ʲôң

ϴЦ⣬͸һ⣬üۼйâת
Ȼ֪ͬ£̤ϱ͹ϴѩƣʱΪΪƸƣ°׷壬ǲŽң






37.     㣬׮¡

ؿ
Ľ, 緢Ľӣǰ㽻棬նɱԺ鷿ÿҹĹµһյ, ԼǸԶæµСˡ

ǷۿȻ, еɻ󣬡㡭
ֻһ, Ȼ

, ܴһ, ͦ, жȥ˴󲿷, ۡ

΢΢һΣٴͣʱ, аǰ˻
ǰԵü, оõϢ쳣, ᵽְϢ

ȫӲ, һҶ, ͣ
һ, һԼС, 㡭ʲô

, ˵б, Ƶġ
ɾͺˡ
ҪѽĻȫġ
֮ͲС, ǺͺµĽӣԶңԶ

ϧǡ

ɿ
ӳͨ죬ͫޱǺŽɫ⡣

ͷһĸоеۣе˭ֽס̲࣬ס

Ȼŷϵĺ첢ǵΪӳգķˣ̵ò񻰡
ŬƫһԣѵصСɣ㵽סڸʲô
ӳ£Ķ϶߳һƬϸˡ

гٶ۵ػع
ľ뷨û֪ͨӣԶȥˡ
һĶټķӦ׾͵óһ𰸡ڣϷ

У
ѵҲ˸ʽ裿

Ȼ֣˺ü󲽣ֱ˵ѵһߣԶԶģֻһӰ
ԭֵطԼҲˡ
ҪϷ˭ȥϷӡΥ𳤾ҪϷҪǧ

Сɡ
дʣʾǸ͸

ǡ
ûвǣ죡ı׳ɽӵغ𣬲һ˿ڵĻᡣ

û˵ˣϸ΢Ħȴ
лͷͼڻͣ£ʰѾնϵĲ´һᡣ

У


ǽűˣߵߣݸС
ϵĺûȫˣĿᣬ񽪷ĳЩ￴

еǸġ
ҡͷҲ

Уڲһġ

ҡҡͷ˴£ҳԲ¡
У
ˣʱǸ޵Сү
ǻ˶ãűǸʲôȫȻĽӵأ
ţˡ

аѱ

΢΢⣺㲻ԣ
ſбʱ򣬺ָȥ

ǲ֪ʲôʱܳȥɾָűˡԼҲû뵽ԼжԳԵʧȥȤһ죬΢е㲻ӦʲôЪɣһҳ·

иԿôãʵˣ˸Ƿ͵ؾԵ˯һ
ֻ˵£ͷȴûаŵأһȵĶסԴ
в죬ǽǵ˫֡

ɫǵøһЩߡѩ
е£

Ϊβȥ£ǱҲЩ
㣬Ϊɣʲôȣ

û˵ΪԼ˵ͨһ˲ڵԲסðˡ
ððʲô
лûӦ˺Ȼ
۴ʱǶǣǵȻʵʵĳ꣬ɾͰ
̾ᵽ֮ǰȫӲĸо彩ӲǽӲģɡʲô

ȳԽ˻ѣѻаڻѱߵĴ£ɣҲǹңúúչԼ

̫ˣҲ̫ºˣƽĳЩʱĽصеؿʼ̡
˿ڿˮԼԵúܼӣƽأŶðɡ

뿪λá
һ㶣

ŮбܲףһǵǱߡ
Ļû˵꣬͵һϵĲһġ

еˣʡǶ˼ˣϽҳ·
һ˵һ
ϺҳеĶ֣ԭһѣҶĴϱĺۼоôһֱǰ

ǿۼٿϳ΢΢ЦĻУૣ
˵ʵ۵òˣǰ۵һܣȴǴ˸įȫԼģ˸ĹǷͷһ˯˯

˺ϱϸǿɵһߣŴ׳ɣܿȳĺ

Ǻ˰ɣ
عͷʼʱϵķ˿Ѿʪ͸ڼձߣʱûȫɡ

ѩƮ䣬΢΢

Сɡ
żŵɽУ͵͵ؿڡ

˯ԺšһԴûסԱһԡ
ǵּ죬סա

ĿɱӲˣůè˲䣬ؽ˯

ǿ
ССģģһĻ
ҲССģССһֻ·èֱӱߡ

ϴͨʿıףͷ٣ʱѾģǾһ򶷡

ôŮӣôֵؾУ


ɣСҲξǻ󡭡ŰȺĿӣἫˣҲἫˣ㣬Ҷԣ׮¡

˯ú㣬֪μʲôǻ¶һ˿Ц

ǽҲһ˿Ц⡣

ţаһ죬һڿˮعʲô
ǵͷսֻ߶ǡ
ȫ򡭡

ǵͷЦظϣڻӳ£ͬϼ

أдһƶңԶ춯ط·һ¡
һ£ʲô޴ʲµĶľ졣

ǾĿĹˣȻƲá
ԽԽƵҲԽԽܼ

ô£һˣʲôӣ
ǣʲô󷨣

ùܣǼٵġ𷢷л˳ڸ֪Ͷ

ǡǵסΪ˵ǰһô֦Ҷ·εĴƵǰ£ĺͷҶϹι
۾ҲǼٵ𣿡

ԣȫǻ󡣡еʲô֮ǰ˿һҹ֪Լȫǿһ棬ͻݽþڣͲڡ

ʱ¡һ죬ߵɽʯѱըĽ
޴𶯽˺ȻƷɣڰסеڻ
ɽʯݺݵıϣһѪ˳

Ѫڻеļϣϣȡ
ס
ģǼٵģ

ûиʱ˼ͷƤĺȻٶ
һҧʱס˽ǣϡ
Ȼγİڽǰ

ŹڱηѩĴ类ƶӭͷ¡
Ĺľ㵹·Юر֮Σܿܡ

Сɣ߿
Ǵÿһֶ߶θˣסؿڣֻԼ޷

¡еİأͷһЦҿɡ
أһ˫һ㣬ӭǿô

һжﵹӳƣԼھǰССӰ

еӰھĴݱºˣһ֮ǰһڵϺۡ
ֻϺԶµҪöࡣ

ڣͣˡ
е˫ͷ̤빭һֹŭɽƣסù

һ˿Ѫ˿еǣҧЦЦģе

δ˵꣬˽ǽֵСɿ߿
˵Ҫˣ㲻Ǳҳô
Ȼͽǵһģɽʯѵıը

ģ
ֻüһ໰еɽʯһαѣɻȰϮ

ǲܶĽǣͷܰѹĴǰɽʯꡣ
߾
֪ﱬ˫˴͵ɽʯѵĵط˹ȥȻת򽪰ǡ

һ̵ʱ䣬
ľӭɽʯ
ת
ͼץľܵסɽʯȻһɽʯ䵽ǰ
ҧסǰ
Ȼ壬ͷ졣

һʹĶ
ȵҺϣѪ
еѪ

ɽʯĽľرѣӵתǵ·һѩͷʹ÷·ҪըѿЩġʹġ׶ĴѪĻڿҪһþ֮С

ֻлеӰεճҰУǿֿܷС

һץסеİԼֱһ
ѪŽʹ󷨸ĿһþݺˣƬ̵

£ס˻С
мϵıױɽʯҵðȥѪȾİ

﷭гһЦݣѪӿǣҪô

ڱըڼϵѪɫһҪӵƬأϵЦȴྻѪ֮С

۾ʹˮ۽ǡ
Ĵûʹ
Ҳû

ǲ
һСС̫еĿʹ඼ڣǱ˾޴Ӱ

Ҵȥ






38.  ҩ   졣

۾, ͵ص
ϵľʹֹĶҼ磬ٶ嵽һ

𶯱𶯣˰ס, Ǻɺͷ糤, һһҷ¡

Ժļ仹ͷҡΣ´ز, ɽʯѣȻΧѾ˾, , Ҳھ, ڵһ൱µ᷿, һʮȵ絲סſսĹߣɺͷ糤һУӶ˿۲ۡ
ͬʱҽ, Ϊһ˸һȭ

ʹ𣿡ʡ
Ŷӣ֣õ, Ҳ˿޵ģ糤ᶼ쭳, ܲʹ𣿣

û, ʹͶˡа, ڲǻˡ
糤ͺɣ
ޡ

أһ𣿡
ŻҼ, κһ۵ֱ, ôûܹôˡ

糤ǻ˵ǰǷӱġ

жס
ǰ죿Ȼ˯죿
ӡô, Žأ
ĶƿӾ´, æס𶯣˵Źͷˣúúþ, ǧҶ

ѽôˣһ˶߽С˲ǽôҪ˲ôšҲŰҩĹǾˣȥء

ô֣Բ糤ͺɴԼ֮ǰͱʰɿһ䡰ͷ㡱ҲƵˡ
ٻͷЬ׳˳ǵıӰ

ƣû컢ɽĻ裬ʱС
תһüЦɫղܣӽҲɩͳɡ

Ƿ糤֣ң˵Ϊ˱ַչˣ͵
ɩȴ֣ҵˣǽͨݵʱüרģɩϲ̵˵һһӣĶôõĲȥ˵һݣҸﵱﶼɣ

ź֪طϵ·ˣ˲ɩǸŮݶסˡ
ܰôϸ£Ҳѹˡ

ȵȡ
ˣҲ˵һϾҪʱˣ

У
Ҫ꣡

ҩ˰ɡ

ҩŵľ֪ж࣬ӵĿ޹˿ζģأԷԼĴҲߡ

ɩʣڵС˰ɣ
Уأɲ

ģС˺أڶԺС԰͵ˡɩʮģѽͬҲ֮飬Ҷҩˣһȥ

ˣһ׻ż磬أҵ˿̫ʹˣһܶĶȥˣ

Ҳǣɩʮƽ⣬ұȥС˹ɡ

ãиӼᶨؾܾС˵һûѣҪ˭Ҳţ֪𣿣

ɩȻʮ⣬ɩȻ൱ģܿ¶ˡҶЦݣѽĪǺˣ뵱ҸһʱҲֲҼ

æ˳ĻͷԶԶԣҾǺߣҼǧ𡪡
סΪббһӰͶϣӰһӰҲͦΣ˽ǻ˭

˽סˡ

Ӱһ硣
ѾϴɫͨëԲۣվɱһΣֻ¶ڴֱķëһڣֻһ֧֮ͬ⣬ͨװΣţһƿ

ӳûʲô飬ǽˡ

֪ظ룺һżȥտտ˵ŵݸһղˡ

бе࣬ѵڶɣȴͲץֻʣͽˣ
Ŀ񶼲ԾˣˮƵģµΣѹûе㴭
走ָоҲ̫Źˣ
ʲôҪҪ͸֪еĵϷ󶼻ɰ׻Ӵߡ

ԽԽþǿſһ㡭ʲôʱģ

ոաǵģʱķѾһˡ
Īеʧ䣬еǸӡ
ǸӦûڵĺ˵˵ûá

ǽһֻӷϣǹ࣬Ѫȥ˰̣ǵòɩá

̣УҺòײôˣôУ

ǿ˻һۡ
Խɫ㵭ģ·һ۲еؽĿ˻ϡ
ͷڴϣվڴ£ȻǱ߳һأŲӲС
˵߾һ

ǳ飬֮ǰۿôһײؿüۣԼº飬ĺȻˡһӻûӦͷѾµˣĪе㷢̡
Ȼ˲̫鰡һ˾ͺƣ

ɡҲߣͷûмĵĽëɿάסȶ顣

еҰֻ۶˶Ҫȥ
ȻɿȻߣȻһŨڵҩ֭͵˻ǰ

еıԶסÿģˣҡһȣһͺȡ

ǣˣڡ

ⱲľǿĶҩ֭ٽģȡ
̫ˣһٺȡһæɣô£ôģлأȴͷǡ

ʲôǺȻʡ
ȴ󡪡
и˵һҩȻûӦȥɲʱ䣬˴Ӻൽ˱ӣҪ

һ仰ͶסҩˣҾͲ׷ˡ

̧ͷģ

ǣġ

һΣӽ֣һָⰲĵĸоֱ뻳ɶ
ǣٿǰҩһᣬסӣ͵Ǻȶҩཹལһȫȹˡ

һȣ˶ڷ࣬θԼʶѸղŹȥĶŻ

ȡһֻСɵֽУƴ󣬽ҿһ͵ǰ
ûֻ꣬ǰһֻԲﭵıǺ«˿ͷ˿ˮʲôҲ˲ãһץס֣ȥءһڡ

һĸоָڵ˶סˡ
йٱ޷Ŵ󣬿ÿһ˿һ˼¡
Ǻ«ģӲģĴµģģͷȵģġ

ԭһ㣬Ȼ͵ջԼ֣˺üֱײʲô
ץסȻĳײ֮£ɵ絹ڵϣ˺üΣһ졣

ȫĶǺ«ζУ˵ǡôɢ˸ĿζԼֻˡ
Ȼ̧ͷͼһưǰһأȥƵġ

п磬ٿǣ̲סеϧӣ㲻ϲ磬ҲŴ鰡еģҲֵǮء

ûлͷȥǴＷģ졣





39.     ﶼЩʲô

̧űҪ, мæסȵȣô£л͹ȴͷôˣû˵أ
ͣ½Ų

ǳݰĻҲɽ, лûп, 󷨵־ң׻ٵ󷨡
ָ߽ɽ, ɽ󷨵Уⳡɽּ١
˵ʱͷԾ, ɺͷ糤ԶҲѾ׼ȥʬˡ

Ե˿ǱŻгʱ, һоǾϲ, Ϊ˱ʲôֵĶ, ߳ⳡµıݡ

ȻЩжǺ˵˲֪ģӽǵֻм̵Ļش
ȴͷ, ѽǰڳ⣬Ժһر
Ҽ˵˹ͷ㾲, ֮ڣ򲻿˶֡
󷨱ʱ, лСͽɽ, »ûҵʬס
ûʲôͬ, ҲȽƽ, в֪ȴо˿, ƺеѹӡ

лҪ, ͦΪлеϧ
в, ûڣǻһ˵꣬Ƕһͻ˳Ƶ, תߡ

Ҫȥ׷κͷؽᣬŲµأ˱˻ΣЩε

ѾߵſڵĽٿȻ²ּֿ죬˲˵˴ϣſ˫ۣס˻С

ͷһضԼʧȥĻûʲôΣԶϵȵӣϸỬ¡
ϵµŽʵдӲӲд൱һеøоͦãڴˡ
еεģ˦˦ͷεøˡ
Сãͷȶûйˮº޻ĸо൱İǡôˣΪʲôôΣ

ǿֹסĹУ͸һ˿ˣ
ͷӦǷԸȥ

пüԵĽţʱô²á
Ҫ֪С˵ݵλپ½Ծ֣̩ɽǰɫģȻų
Ҫ군Ľࡣ
̲סԼԴһ˿֣ҡҲ㻵˰ɣ

Ǵᱧϴ̶ᣬ·һĴ
ȱżҲͼˣĿѲ󣬡һеȴ˵

Ҫʲô£㡭ڼ޵УⱲӶûԼزһ죬ؿԼ£˰첻ͷֻǵøҴһײģҪⱦʯ

ݵú˵ǵͳȴʮ㶨Ȼ¡

֣е˶ضСޱȣ֣֣Ҽĸݣȫ¶Ҫһ˵ʱһǰżΪûȥѴ
ʮˣһٿ񱼣ݲûȡ
˲飬ĺӶҪˣ˱Ǻö˶˵ģȻҲͷΣο˱ʧѪ࣬־գξ͹ˣ

˼ȥ졣
ҵҼ̫үСǰҶһڣ㾹ȻСУһ˹ˣҪ֣һС

֪ǳһ˿Ϊ裬ʮǫͣ˵ǡһѪķӡ
Ҳһ֪ͣûô

ҩѾˣƽ˲߶Щκ棬ţҲǼõġ

е۾һȻˡ

һһͷӦ˺ʹȥ

ǿѹϲáǰ׷ѵģΪǵϲѹҲѹסԵذϣһǸ˽һ죬һҶúúóԵⲹһ԰ɣ
ʮֱӵذԼժ㿴Ǵ˼ɲҪΥҹ氡

ֻԲģֺ޷֮⣬ͷǿҪЦ⣬װʵѾ졣

һؿû˵
ȭͷսһķ

áɰ

ͷԺӴޱ޼ʣ谭˼

ֻ˵ʱɫȴԽɫԽȭͷսˡ

У
Բ۸òɣ

׶˵ģҿûϵһֱţҲûȥͨǣǴҽҽӣ

ǼǿԼߴŲͳ֪ˡҽǡ

Ҿ֪Ӳôģ
¶˴Цݣ䣬ָ⻹ûţȻһЫ㡢ЪŰɣҡ

ָ롢ҵͷ

ôˣǼǰ

гһЦ
ŷԣѾˣһץסӣһ̽Ҵ
һʶܻᷢʲô̾˦Щ԰׵С˦Ķֻ˸ͷסƣ˽ס

ǻ׷ĿġǵҴǸٱ䣬͵óǺҩ࣬Ҳ͵óǺ«ôȻͳģڶǺ«ʲôģ

ȻһָûͳֽʲôģܱŵĶȻܲ˳־Ͱ˳

һ֮£ɵˡ
ⶫʮ졣

ûĻӦ˺°ڽɵǸ滹бչĺۼ
ϴøɸɾ룬յأûлԼˡ

ǸɣʮֲȷؿŽǣʲô
û˵꣬һգһѶ˻ȥ
ּֿ죬ϵ黹һ˿ңûһ󹧾롪ĶԼ֤

ȻǡǵϢ΢ңȻá

Ʋʲôãеһ˿ɡ
ôǲ¥˿ͣŶΪϤ˵Ǿ˵ôеŮĶۣһ־ǻ͵ضԷĶŮӵʲô

áС˾þٳʲôûźܿƽҲָƽ֮Ϊɢʿϵ֮ͬɢĳãҪһ

еû뵽㣬һ֮£ʱв˼ҽӣҾ¶Ϊ㣬Ȼˡ
ǽӻɵ¡͵ضʲôģ˼Һô͵ظӣӾҪأôܲظƲأ
ôģֱᵽȥˡ

æѲҴ껹ڵϲڵĻң㣬ˣһΪǶеء
˵вҧԼͷ

ĺƫƫҪĺ
ò׻쵽һƫƫҪԼ

ʲô
淸𣿣

ǣһڣͷֽǵ˽Ȼͷ㵹˵˵ﶼЩʲô





40.     顢įġ


ô˵أ
˵, ǲСֲСף
ֻ˵ڣҪǮ

֪飬ΪʲôҪңԼǵ𣿡
й, ʼ, װԱܴ˽١

ȷʵǵˡ
ǵƮ䣬һ̧ͷ
ƽ, ӳ˵ѡ

У治ǵãһǵã

ǵÿķӦԲͬ, ҳе¡

, ǵˣ
Ⱥ£
ǵȵȣ㻹˵, ֻҪҺҩ, Ͳ׷¡

ǵӰʧ, ǲʲôˡ

У
ţҪô׼
Ȼʲôǵ, пϲΪ˰Цѹȥ, Ƕ鴤ˡ

ǿǵ, ˵һ˵

ȿȿ, ʵҲûʲô, Ƿбʮ, ءҺôһЩ, Ծͽ̵һЩ

磿

硭ҵ, 㵶㽲ˡ

ǵͳһ㣺ʲô£

͡һӺͺӵĹ, Ϲġ
˵е飬Ϊǿ̫ˣʲôҪƵġ

һǸܺõĹ¡

ʰţǿɲô飬ԼҲܽġ

ǿĿһ˲˲ûһִҪĿ⽫ԺС
Ծеˣӡ㣬ȷǲǵðɣ

ǵãΪҪ㣿
˵ţ۾סƺһߣеѹ˲٣Ȼʣأпʲô

㣬ˡĶ֣ÿ˿һ֣ûһܴģûоʹſˣˡ

ǣ־£

У⻹𣿣һܴĶûУһûУ

ǣ
ΪʲôƳħˡ
ĺһûκκ¹Ӱ

áἫᡣ

ʲôûס

ûʲô䣬Ҫ뿪ȴһαһץסͷ
ж¶һõЦݣӣǺ«ĶģûУ

ǣûˡ
۾һ𣿡

Ҳǵϲϳҩ

æͷϵĿϵĿϵġ

һףǰ¶˵ˡ
Ȼ˳䣬鲻Ȼû֡
ʲôʡ

ǣôҼǵͷѪˣĶˣ
ʱɽѣһƬңæӦ㵹ĴֻģǵǱײѪ

壬ЩƤˣް
ģвţ·ơ

֡΢΢Щڣٴγ˳䣬һо񣬻֣

ץǺʵĺãץһѣץһһ㣬˾ú㡣
Ҳ֪ԼΪʲô֣ǲôš
һŷӾˡ
ˡտյģá

ץҲǺ֪ԼʹȻԽӳһǣ˴һ̵Ļ￴һ˿ᡣ

е׻Ƿſ֡ôҲܵӵ²ǣ

л䣬ᵴؽǵϡ
ǵ΢΢˶٣·䵴ϵĲۣࡣ

ԭΪˣȻҪ뿪֪˸£ǽɫۻڴǰ
һ㶣˳ϣϡ
ڿĿֿʼ֮ǰʲôҪĿ⡣

£ʡ

ǻ񣺡ûС

㻹ߣ

ǣˡ
תһû˳סͷȴ𵭵ʧ䡣

ӡе
Ծͣ½ŲҪһƣûлͷ

Ǹô
ô

ŶûʲôҾʡ

̧űߡ

ӣ
ٴλס

ٴվסлֱ˵

Ǹæˣܹ̽ұôееζŲܶʵ̫ˡ
ͦεվˣæµ̶ȣһ䣬ҪæǾ͵û˵

ûж
ķĽ䣬աǺ£絶棬ɴʱϣȴûһ˿⣬һ˿˵
ͥһ躮ŵ÷֦īȾ֦Ͻ˻Ƕ䣬ÿһԺű֬ɫ
һֺ΢졢ܻ㱵ĸоҲҪ÷һĺп

֪ˡ
ż÷ĿƮ

У
֪ˣ
пջûգ

ϣط֣һ/Ϳ찾סˡ
˯˯ţ棬ûа飬ģáޡģ

ʱ򣬲ɩͷ²£Ӳˣշҩֻеûţȱ˵
һ˾˵ɩҵ֪

룬СżɩһֵڣʱŷֱۣĸԸǫ˵ֵʮӡ

źüŮ̽
ɩø滨еţǮ
ɩҲţָͷʮ

У룬󷽣

Ӣ£һλӢۺܡϴֳݣֹУģֻǻӵ˵ˣ

һãʧѪе࣬ԵͲˡ
һ˵һеж
أ⿤ò˫ȫǣĴõ˶Ȼܲġ

˵΢ЦˣҵˡϴεĿȫ򻨹ӲԣŸңС˽ԵʡλˣӦò˰ɣ

۾һҪ˼Ҫ£Ȼס룬ǵҸ˵ʵٺãڷӸǰҲ˵ϻġ

⿴Цˣӣֺ㣬ΪСǰ˵
ǣ

Сʲôˣ˵⣿⼫Ἣ̾˿շ磬սǵҿ粻ȥҲҿȥұ˭

еסˣ㻹

û¹ˣǵһסԺĿˡȷʵֺûӣΪǿģ˵ЦݣԼҲῪһɣἫˣκ£ֻЩˣϵĵ̫أ˶˵̫ˡ

Σʵǲɵ

̾˿Ҳ֪Լɵ֮һ֣ɵԼ

Ϳ֪Ȣ㣬㻹ڸʲôƾΣױգҪ˭аαطǵһϵ
˵ţ룬ȻܲԼþܹܣţҪھ⹫ؾǰɣ

һֱɫ˽ӣ˵Ц𣿡

˵㿴ĵ˵Ц⣡°ͣٲȻŸӣֻҪ㿴ӦþͲ᷸ɵˡ

ôɣⱳһλѿڶ

ͷˮߵӰµɫ·ϴһƬ̵ĺۼ

ܲŮӵˣޱޣлú˵
֪ȷʵ˳ЦֻһӣҲ׻һԼ¡ⴹʣǶһ˿ϧƬޣΪԼһ˰ɡ
˵ţһ񣬷֣ת뿪
Ӱ·ʱᵹ¡

ɩҵԭ⿤а
СꡱһʲôУӼȲȢҲȢҡ
ȢͲȢɣҸ͵ˣɿԽûе

еĳһ㣬ܿͰ׵Ժ󣬿ʼʱô򷢡
һֱŻ˲˻ɵʲôأ

*

ӿɽͨݳԼʮأһһؾһҲʱ
ýߵ˳ţӿ񱼣ͷʵǳġ
ɽ黹û˽ᣬúЪھдʲΪʲôҪۣѵͨʲô£

ڴӪǵĻشǣʱɣˣ
˵ɣܱĴô

ƥǱԣ۵糸ת۵֣
ǷֱԺȥ
æϡ

Ժſڵʱ򣬽ȴȻվסϵĶӸԸȥЪϢظš
һǡ
˿֮󣬻ͷһֻۣҹɫڴԺڵĵƹ͸ӳһ˿ǳЦ⡣

ɲǼ䣬ˣԺסǻС
ֻеʱϲŻЦݡ

ԭˡ
һ첽߿

һ·мַ糾ͣҲ紵üľԺ͸ĵƹ⣬ӿһ˿˵ů⡣
Ҫʵʵһ죬ʵΪˡ
ʱһįĵýɣ

첽ֿ߽ҪϷŵʱ洫ЦŻһȣ쵰ǲǳǧ

һ٣ȴѾ˽ȥ
֨ѽһŴ򿪣ڵƻͨоһࡣ

ϰһֻСڴͷţ糤ڴ࣬ڴβԶ˰ڴϡ
ĸ˸߲ңץҶƣ϶˼ֽ
ʱ죬׷̧ͷ

վſڣ





41.     û취רġ

ɡ糤Զû뵽ԶھӪĽǻ, һӦҶơ
ȴϲɫһӣӣ
׼´

˼ͬʱסҶ

˱òܶ, ϲ⡢Ĺâ, رĵǰ֣һΪ㲻أ

Լзһ̾Ϣ, ߹ȥҿֵúܣҲҪ

, һ, һѰѽ, ȻָźɣҪ, Сӳǧ

Ǽû˵ʲô
ϵ˿ôһ֮, Щϣײż磬۰ű, źӦøоϵ¶ȣмĺ⾡ڴ˿ɢ
ƹů, , 䲻еҹ, ֻҪ, ҹʤ

Ǳߺ̽Լֵܴ, ôܳǧ
УǧôܰѰѶӮ㿴Ƕô̳, һ̳

ͳôЩ, һ֪ʲôˣ
ߣǧô˵ģĸˣôóÿƣ

糤ͽԶС, ųͶˣ
ιù𣿣Ʊץ˸ŻҵŽӵ泳һҲˣѵǳıӵҪ𣿣

нյ˾ֵ񣬵ûзϡ
ӸոսʱʹһһΪһ˲ˮˡ
оôһ֣ǲ·ůſڵǰʮľ룬ÿһǱڽһ֣ߵǰѾûһ⡣
ٵ£˼簤ż磬䣬ȻţѾһ˿ɣɼ鲢

Ǻɸݹ飬ϴ˾óһۡܶĴ£ֻҪǸŻһµģܴӽȫˡ
֮ǰϵĽ۶ûʲô¶ôأ

οһʵ˳ǧӮЩɶˣɵȻҪ

Ӱ·ˣֽ࣬һζһϲƣ

糤ͽԶҲƺǵӣ׷״ӣ˰Ѻɰ˴ϣͿʼѺɵۿҪˡ

ȡ
ǿһ󣬵ڴڵסˡ
ɵѾһ룬Լѣӣûǧԩң

ûֻŻУҹģô

գգۣ˵ﲻڼУؼҹô
ǰùأڶĲҪܷġ
ҲðָԼҼ磬˵Ҷ˳ˣӡ㻹Ҫ𣿡

һֻֽ¶һԲ۾üëҲ֪ǿһЩǿЦһЩ
һȷʹɿͷҲûпסǵ˿Ц⣬ɡ糤Զ˵Ŀˡ

˿Ц⣬ʣǶǮô
УȻûУǶĵľƣһֽһ̳ܽ㿴ңҶʮ̳ˣ

һףǶǮǱˡ

ɡ糤Զ
ӣùô˵ġ
һһʼ˵Ƕľƣ֪ǲ̫һ㡭

ǻӮǳ£Ҳ˵ı£˾˵˳ǧƷδⲻ
⻰˵úӯǾǣ

еǣ˵Ҷļã˵ҶƷã
ɱڣ㿴ˣɻҳǧҾͶ

ɺУûУ
кñôûУǧôһֱӮһֱӮ

糤ͽԶϽϴƣ

Ŀ糤ͽԶϡ
˽ƺһֱԣû뵽ڻе£ϵþĬ
һһصϡ
ƾٿñ˭ģһֱЦ
Ϻһħһй򣬻֮һо
ԼЦݣ峺ʣ򵥴ǱǣǱ㲻ǣԶɾ䣬ˮ

ҼˣֻСΧյʮֽӲ൱㡣ƴ죬ӲԻ˵Ȼ㲻¶
²شƣһֺֻȻֵ˹ȥ

һ㶣Ҳסӳƣѵǲô˵˼

չ˻ֱߡ
У
̫ʲô˼λ
ǶȻǲеģѺɵλƼҪôĪҪٶˡ

ԭλã۾һлӣ
ºͣС֡

ɡ糤Զ
֪Ϊʲôһֵֺĸо
ͬʱ÷ǳǳڣȥɤййĸо

ˣȻȥƣɴָֻͷһ㣬ǱƷȥˡ
һѾ򵽹ؼʱ򣬴Ҷˣʮأ룬ָһƣ

̧̧üëȴȥԱһš

ѽѽдΪϧҶƷܸܵģ޻ڣ˱ˣֻˡ
¼һƣľԭţЦطƣãá

һǡ
鵭ʲôߡ

ӣô̲סʡ
ǵ֪һ

ǱӦֻɺϰɡ
롣
ܿͷԼ̫ˡ
ǵġ֪һġƽƽȫƭ˵ĺ𣿣

ֳ˺üƣÿһγҪô˻ƣҪôͰﻨӮӮࡣ

ϵֽ˺룬󲿷ֶתƵȥˡ
дñЦֱĴȣ漴ǫѷѧÿεʱҪһǵķӦ

˰ñͽÿһһͷ˿䵽˽ǵ޽ǡ
ëף΢΢΢΢֡

ǲòס죬ȥһ㣬רЩúôơ

ʮ޹ӣ϶һ㶼רĵġ

ǣ
û취רġ

аһӣϵֽԽԽ٣ٵһҲʣʱ˿ֽѾ޳ĺɣյǶߣʵӣ͵˺ɵô

ǣ
̫ˡ
ϢĶ׹ϣȣһƬůëӶһֱٴӲһֱļ⣬΢΢顣
ĶԿסԼ鱣򶨣ȴƵؿʼ̣ûע⵽һ㡣

ȻûСƵúܺãƽȡ

Ҳԣһֱߣôõ棿
ƣôӮôģȺɶ
߿ʼڽѲ󣬽ȷ˻ɵĿ꣬䣬۷˽ȥ

ǣ
һѰԼ䣬֮һֻЩûΡ
ѣеֻͼߣĿݺݵס

ÿơءġˣ
ְѰѶ˳ƣ϶ǳǧˣ
ɽǾߣûô֡
ӵܣǧ뻯ʵ˲

ȫⶼüͷÿ
вģһǻѧ֮ȡһ£أе㲻Ծ
̧ͷ

ϣɡ糤Զ˿ͽǣ൱ͳһ۾ùԲŵһż

糤ڣ硭㡢ڸʲ
δ˵꣬ɺͽԶһס죬˾ͱɺͽԶ

ɣʱˣ㻹ҪˣϽЪϢɣ
Զȸǣǡ
ٷɿ죬һ˵һˣһأѾ⣬ʮع˷š

ڰƹΡ
еֻڽǻͷϽǵߣʣǲʲôˣ

ǶһԲ





42.     Լֻ㴺һ

ɺͽԶһֱ߳Ժ, Űѷ糤¡
糤һɣǿ˰ɿ˰ɣ˽ӵ·ڵϷӡ

ɺͽԶͬʱס糤죬߳˴ײһ

Զ֪øʲôϵˡ
ɣѹֻ綯ʶû, ܷ, ŷŻһȥˡ
ԶѹøûסıԺ
ɣѹһʱ򣬽ɫôѿ
Զ֮ǰøŵʱ, ɫҲҪɱǡ

ʼŵ֡

糤м, , ֿԶ, һһɾ֣ǡǡɣ

Ӵ˭ôùô
糤ҡͷ
ԶҸ˻ɵЩ¶, ²¿Ѿˣ
糤
ܣ߰/ʮذɡ

һ볤ĳĬ, Хһ
ãĵðһ䣺˵ǡ˭Ǹ˭

Զ̵⻹ʣȻø磡
糤, Ȼǽûǿǻ簡ƾһ, ˭κεˣ
ۿҪ, ʱһ͵ɤҹɫд, ҹ, Ƕͷʲô

Ƿ

Զ, Һ, 糤һ̤ǰ, סߣȻǡǳ£, ¡

ָָŮŵĴ䣬ЦӦĿȫϸ˿ʱųɣȥ

ŶŶ糤ԹԵͷ·õһ룬ֻɱĨӸʹɫ
糤
һ㣡㲻ȥ

֮˷һΪʲô

糤ΪΪ
ΪӴ˿ںͽӴһ飡
⻰ʵ˵ڣɴһŮĴ䣬ΪҶˣˣ
˾ܣɺͽԶæϣ˲ûӰ

ߵĲŮֻ֣Զֵӽôˣ
һ֣ң֪Ϣˣ˸Ϳȫͷ
糤һĻݽǣζýǵ򣬻ƽʱ˵Ŵȥҽǡ
ô˴ܣ

⿴ŷ糤ӰʧķһֱǳЦסԺ˭̺Ѱҡ

̻еǲɩɨµȻҪ֣ҵˣ˱һһʮѽϷֵ⣺ǺүӡõĺһҶƣСˣС˾ͰŻӴ򡣡

ƣ΢΢üе㻳Լˣʲôƣ

ˣ͡ѰҶơ  

ĶǷĸҶ֪ԸʲôҲԽǵĺöʮ˽⣬Ҳ𾪡
ҶơôܣС³·϶￴ĵˣ

֪أλܳСҲˡߵʱϴ󲻸ˣСԭ·ߵ̫죬ЩײСˣСԭͣҲͣôطˡ
˵»о仰û˵ͺʲôںƵġ

ճ֣ңһνǶׯȣȸ߻û뵽ĽŲȻңֱĶӡ

*

еʮơ
ǰߣǱ˳ȵţԵļҹԲأŮܲһǸ⡣ߵﶼҪҼţҲӶֶţ

ԻеѣֻڿǼµʱԼǸŮģɻʱҸеġ
Ҳѣ㼡ûţҲ㶯ֶţ

㡣ֻҪ˱㣬ô
ٷɿ죬üͷ壬ȲþʱҪ࣬ȥͦ׵ġ
ȴǺģӶûŹ
Ҳ֪ģΪġ

ϸһ£ҵƵľ󡪡һأֵǸϴɽҸǽ̸ʱ򣬰һ̯ϰϰ׷أʱô죬ôס

оһ£ǸӣҿɲǵϷ㣬Ҿ뿴ƲĶˡ

ΪʲôбǲУ
Ȼ仰ߡ
ۼ⣬ת֮ʣĶˣüֱҪѪ

ϧûȷϵĻᣬִֿ죬һ̱ᱻƵģת۱ҹɫУʧ

п⣬˳˼
š⵽ջ𣬻Ǻߣ
ߣߣ

û˼һҪ⸡ͷ
Բۣһ˶̳ƣ˼

ǵڶһ磬бòɩȥѺ
ɩȥһˣλڣ˵³ˡ

п˿δȫɢȥĳڣ
ɵˣ糤ͽԶǵ͵ĹӸǰõʱ򶼾ٵϿΣȻô磿
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
μɣ쵰ĪĶծ

еޣ˵ţǳͨҲˣ
죬Ϊ˿ۡ

˺֮ǰĶҲȥ
߽ɫ񣬷ɫ𪣬š
󣬶̣һҩ

һҩͷۣͿﻹһźıǺ«
ڣôһۣӿзζǵ䣺ӣ㲻ˣ

ǵԼϣָϸмС˼΢΢ϵҪһά֣Һ
ˣ

ǣ
ҲǣûУ㲻Ҫ˵
ҩ͵ǰˡ

жҩȻĽŲӣʵǺ«ĶģǰԵĶһģһһŵġ

ǰҩǰ˵ݡ

ʶһ㣺ôóԣһŲܴܲ󷽵㣿´׼š
û˵꣬Ӿͱסҩ˽ĿɬϤӿоԼ̡

һҩǺ«Ѿ͵ߣ̺סˡ

úСģĴǲָ⣬Ἣһ£ת˲š
ǵĽë΢΢

гǺ«ͷһɻ󣺡ӣ˵Ůܲôô㣿

Ƕһ£ûлشֻͷɩϣȻż뿪ˡ
һҲûӡ
ûȫǱסˣ

ɡ糤ͽԶڣгУ˿ȫҵһȤ
ƽ⣬ʻл᲻ơ

У
Ȼᰡ
ܲ𣿣

ϽǻһЦ
վɼŵѾǺɵˣǷ⡢ɩԼߵ֡

Сˡӯӯʩ

ǵ̬ȿ:ҹˣŮб𣬿ЩȥЪϢɡ

һûꡣһס⣬˵ȻԼŲλãӣҲһѣһˣɷɷ

ǿ˻һۣһ˿⣬ȻĻһ˵·˲٣ˣͬ˵

˵ôԣȻٶǣǰʵҪʲôζģ

۾Ȼζģ

áӦ£ȥˡ

ɩҲ£˹Ϸš

Ŀһֱڻϣżӵζ
ʮ־ѹԭӶ׻ǿסڵǸ㲻˵ô

ǵм䵭뿤ô
ûûûУæϣ㲻Ȣշģֲǲ֪ɿҲ壬ԭҲûָ޸㣬ҿ˼Լֻ㴺һȡ

ǵɲǼɫæɲס죬ǸǲǣžһɡûϲˣԼ᲻飬ٿæۣܶ࿴ǸһҲǺõġ

Ǵ۾ͣ飬ô֪

㣬ﶼôģ˼ôôҪΪ˷㣬ȫ򣿡˵ţ̾ϢӰǲ֪жóԣⱲӳԹҲȲһֻ
뵽ȻܾôһֻȫͺڵóӶˡ
ͿԳζģ

ǿҡҡͷΪһֻȫͰˣ

ҲҪɣҷҲʵмֿȰ˵Ǹۣƣֲٿ⡪

УȻһϺȡ

ڴϣڴϣ֪ǲִ֮ѹʲôв׵ԭ֮һ̽ǵްż׶ûǰʱޡ
һҧĲӡ





43.  ³   ƭ

ڶһ, ׼ȥºǡ
ȻǱ磬ŲɩûţǱҩˡ

յͥԺ峿һţ, һ÷, ֻԵظڿС

Ǳ°ڷ, ˮ½Ǳߴ

ȥĶǵ䣬ϲŭ

ϻԭΪҪ, ǿ˵ķ, ûж, ֻЮŭȥ, ȥըˡ
ʵǴˣеǺԸһܵġ
ôҲ벻, һõĹϲȢؼңʲôɲԸġ

Ȼ, Բʳڡ˺֮ǰᡣ

ճ緹, ʳдɫ, ͼϵ˼ɡ

ûдͷ, ߳Ժšû, ɩ, ߳ȥһ, ʮ칤Ǯ

̸оɩϵ˲ս, ͬʱɩʮػشС˷ģţǴʬϲȹȥ

У
Ҳİɣ

һ̧, ǰ
վһڷҩ֭һԲıǺ«

̧ۿǡ
Ҳڿֻȫޱ飬˫ָƺûжֹҩĴ㡣

гʹضҩ롣
࣬һҲ͹ȥˣԼԼ˫ַ·Լʶǲҩ뿿졣
̫ˡ
ʹؿ򽪰ǡ

ǲɽϹž
Ѿųȭͷ΢΢
һۣʪģϴİĲ·Ҫһ̯ˮ
˽սҪӹҩ

ոɿȭͷֵʱ򣬻һҧһգóһӣҩˡ

ǵֶ˶٣ٴ̧ǿűǺ«
аѺȿյҩһ飬ֱһץǺ«һŵСչ
ˡ
żǵ΢΢ǰ㣬ҲڰգƺǸιơ


עŵĽǣ
ҩ룬һۣʾûжҩŻȥ

ߡ
һ֣ż뿪

ԭǼûкꡣ
Ȼû
нűǺ«̾ϢȻֽǳԺˡ

ţ
ұ߲ͨŵ·ߡͨɣ

̲סȥƣԺűߣɩסӣһȥǿʮӰ
Ҳһͦ󣺡ȥƣ

ɩⲻҪ֧Ұɣ
㻽ſŲ͵ˣˣûвĶҲȥˡ˵ţŽԶȥķ̧̧°ͣͲСȥܲȥ³ɣ

е־ʢĸһɩһϨİ֮ģûסջ󣬸ȥơ
ʱ򣬲ɩ۷Ź⡣
һдŰʵ

˵һ벻ɩСȥ³

ɶ
ˡ

ţɩصһЦ֪֪˭ڳ

˭

ɩǿȫ򣬾˵ҪȻٿǶòˣһȥæˡ

е۾ˣԣȥҿģ

Ӵɲһˣ˵ЦҪ̫ģѽеĿŮһˡ
ɩ˵𾢣ȫûע⵽еɫԽԽѿضߴһ죬һȭϣӷ۵ķѡ
ɶ񣡡
дһ

ɩȫסһżмϵɴѪ˿ڱˡ

ɩһȥһȥУӴҵĹ㲻˵У㲻ϲСô㻹ͿСţôô˵ĿڲһʵϲС˵ģԲŴˣ

ƨż磬۵죬ŤӲŲǳԴף
ȻϲΪʲôϻҪ
ǰװģʲô˼

ʱŵһƥôô£˿ϵúúõģô˵Ѿˣ
˾ϣߴߴƨСˢһ´Ӵͷ˵ڴϣنһ䣬Ӷ㣡
ôһ˿ڵѪøˡ

ɫ˰ףǿסιȥĳ嶯Ѹٰ˿ڣһҲҶ˵̸ǡ

ŵȥˡ
ԼҲ֪嶯Ҫã벻ͨ˵ΪʲôҪƭң

ɩձźʱ˵ǻдϿɽ˷׵£˵񹦸
֮󣬲ɩôС壬ǸŮӣ뵽ǶԻеĸչˣ̾ƾŶڽַİԾóһࡪ񹦸÷ʲôģֻС͸˵ͷˡ

ɩԼ̺ĵһλɷ˵ͳƢĸ˸˵ҪҪ
Ȼ⻰ɩ˵ڣΡΡɡСƤ˼ֱ˵

⻰ش˻С
ţӵƤȷʵǱúܡ
Ϊʲôֱ˵ΪʲôҪƭƭˣ

ɩֻе΢һ㣬תĿ¶׹⣬ϽȰУ˵ôҵ˲ȢҵˣԼΪֻ͵͵ⱻ˷֡

ˡ
뵽˽ǸƢܺõ֪﷢ëĵ
ԼǸҹǱϱ޴Ѫۡ

˶סˣĻһʧ
Լ̫ˣôԶ˶һƣ
ֺľƣһִĵӿġһָͷҲ붯һµƣ

ڴϣеŲסˣеŲסԴŵס

ɩֻ˺˲ήˣ̽ŵ˰ɣҪϴЪ

ЪһˣЪʲôЪûΪģûа˿ˣɩŰĲ٣⵶Ұɣ
Ͼôһѣģòɩľս

ͷҲû̧˳ְѵݸɩ
ɩϵöȻصģ˫ֽӹûȣ˲͹
Żع񣬺ܾû˸ĵˣѵһٶʮѰò

û°ɣʣ𵶣صʡ

ûû¡ɩԽηеڵϲ

ȥѻٰѵЩʰʰ

ǣǡɩæհ죬ʰӵĲкʱֻе򶶡

ͷȻȥ

ɩһС˵˲ȥҪǮġԽ˵Խᡣ
Լѡ󣬡Ǯһ

Ϊǵ˶ϲǮжˣȭͷ

Ƭ̺󣬻ͬŲɩ֣ҵĳ⡣
֣ҵĳС䣬ԿŴŲ֪ʲôľҶˣʣһࡣ

ԶԶؾվס˽š
ãһȴ£ǱϸʲͷĨϡ
֪ʲô޵һƬҲȾһƬ

һֻС룬ʱһ㽴ȥϴЦ⣬֪˵Щʲô

רעǶȻпϵ飬ӦǺܻϲİɡ
ôæпչ³ЩҲûˡ

ͿĨϣ̧ͷ߶׼Ժǽ⡣





44.  ˽   ˽ɣ

, Ųɩǽ

ǵȥֻͺͺĴһֻȸͣԺǽ, ת˲ַˡ

ע⵽ߣô
¡
žúڿ, ԼǴɣɩǸпĸ, ǰƣ, Ӧɩ
أʡ

ǷŽƱɡ

˼æµ, Ӳǽ
֣ΪʲôҪ

ȻͶ˲ɩ㶵, ɩ, ӺҪƵġ
ΪԼжҵɣҶðɣģû, Ǯؿˡ

ɩ૵ôȥǣ

бסˡ
ڵÿһ˿ۣһ·ߵȷʵʮ, ΪʲôҪԼҲǺס
ŷҲŰ, ³, ôϡ, ȻҪ֡

ʵڲզ, ȫȻûһ˿ġ

ɩһ˼ı, ᵽɤ۶, 㡭ȥǰɣ

ҷôг˸, ǿȫ򣬸ġ

˾ͺãɩķŻض, ΪסӵԵʣҲŷһ˿֮꣺벻ܿҲҪ

У
ôһ˲䣬롣
Ϊʲô룬вס
˼һ£ԭ򡪡Ϊڵ⻹ûãûʲôȤܿҲ

߰ɡг³һҪֵͷһ¾ȥȳԵඡ

ӳԺʮ
Ҳ֪ԼôģǺͷ˵ЦһĻճԺ˺˺

صš

һ֣ɩͽţôˣ

ġ
ɼڣǺͷһһ˶ûС
ȥ˸˵

ǵǻʱԺʮ֣ûִµѾˣվһӣ˵鲢ïһ˱˫ĸԧ죬һѾ۾Ųᡣ

ǣ
ǻԼѰӡ

Ȼһ߽ͼпڴͷ۾ҲǺġ
ȻûᣬۿǵȴеģԸȥ

𡣡ӣꡣ
ģصı

ûа취¡
ÿһ˵˴ԼἸĹ¡һŮСлԼͶϣзҵ䣬ŮĸƶҪ˻飬Сƴֿ˫˫Ȫ

СһͶӵʱһƬе۾Ҳһᣬȴǿ

˶ȥ̲סͷǼٵģʲô

еʣӣҪ㲻ܸϲһô
ǵȻᡣ

ģ
Ȼ˻ϣණԭ鰮Ҫ޴

г˳ӣð˲١

ǰݸ˿Ц˵飬ôĵô

̫ˣҲ̫ùˡҪ˵Ǹɴ˽ߵԶԶģǼͷ̫ȥ

һ΢΢ͳУѪ˵ϾͶϣҲ˵Ͷ

̾ϢͿɬ̲סʵһƫƫͬ⣬ô죿

΢΢ЦЦԼ֪ʲôʲôһʼͲͬһ𡣡

еĿѲȻЦһ˿ɬһ˿
ԭӳ˻˵Ҳ

һ˵ƭˣбİͶ̥ٻһΣȴԼ
ЦŵĽǣȥһ

ԶѣԶԶס
Ϊһģ˭Ҳߡ


ôˣǾɫԡ
Ҳ֪Լôˣģرܡ
͵пʹ޿ʱĸоһ

ûʲôйţӣǲǴˣζˡ

ܵųԣȷʵûʲôǷˣ˰Ϸˣ캮²ÿ죬ÿһ˵½һֻϸ̿š
˳һֻĿȫ

һʳůĻ棬Щֵɢ˲١
ˣģôܸɣٴ鷳ҲԼҪģ

ǽȫŲǰһƬŵ

⿴ȥɫһҧȥüͷ

ǣζã
еζɣ˵û£ںá

Լһڣܽ᣺ǿЩ 
һߡšͷһߴãǺܸӵһͷ

ʣԣǽյĺóԣյĺóԣ

жӱˣҲůˣЩֵֹɢˣ̱ϣĶӣȻġ

ǣ

ֵؿһۡ
ĺóԣôȥˣ

ƺӴ˿ȫ񫣬һգÿ춼пȫԡ
ʱǿˣʱ⻹ѪˮʱǵˣʱˡиͳһĽǾǻȫǸɵˡ

ŹԲĶӣѰ˼Ÿôһ顪ܻܲһַʽ̸˵黹Ҫרĵ㰡ӣ

ôԣټ˯һнǶźҩϵٶȳԤϣû߶ˡ

콪ǴĿȫɫζȫۣҧһ֭ĽζҲǡúôгһھʹסˡ

óôʡ

͵ͷ

óԵ𣿡

óԣһ̻ʣһ溬Ҫȥ꣬ɺ¥ҪŴ

ɺ¥
ƴǵһҹӣҵСţͿȫˣҺϴϲԣÿճ˶Ҫȥһ١

ǵͷСţ⡭

𣿡еҪҪһȥȥԡ

û˵
ƻҲңԶĵطǽҶӵ룬ڽټˡ

оЩ䡣 
֪ʲôʱĳһһĿԼ֪Ǹʲô顣
룬̧ͷػһӡ

ôǳһ⣬ζڿǻﻯ
Ȼĵͨκһƾյþϸѧϰ뷴ʧܣľ衣

Ϳ˽ɣҰǣ

ȿȿȿȣ
ǲΪҵһλǺټ





45.  Ȫ   С˴һֵǧ

˵ģץס, һرʱһߣҰûҵõǣ

С, ȴԶԵů⡣
ů·͸ǵļ, ѪѪҺ, ֱࡣ
ůԸ, ȴĸͷۣҼǵһ߹, 뿤޿ܡ

ŭҿڷô, 㻹˼ôǲֵˣ

΢΢һ, ʲô֪ʲô

Уҡ
֪ڳΣػΪۿ, Լѧ˿ȫͲÿˡ

⻰Ȼʯͷһں²ҡ˰, ɴֱӵ֪ӾӪ֣ҾΪ˿

ǣ
ÿ֣Ȼ̧صһǱ, ΢΢ҧ

, ӿһֵͷ
, ҧгݵӡôôÿ
ѹֿһƬ, е㶮ˡ

Ͻ˦˦ͷ, ȫ򲩶, Ұѻ, ֻҪǿϣһε

ǰƬһŵǰʡʡòš

кݺЮһ, ҧгݡ
ôǲԼˡ
û

*

ͽǻɽʯͷʱ򣬷糤Զͺ֣֮ңĺš
Ͼʯͷڣûе˿ֻô

Щӣ˻϶飬첻𴲳ţ͸˲Ÿһ
˺ȵð˴ŻŲЩġ

ԶҡҡλΣ˵ܽ𾢶е󰡡ͷΡ
Сûã㿴үүҡҡҡһȥݸȪ糤û˵꣬ײſ򣬺ɸϽס
ԼҲеͷתһȣĲȣŷ糤һײ˽Զһڣһţ

ĵˮһϡ
糤һ˶ǶٴˣǻҲҪƣȻ緢֣

ôƹ󣬻𣬡˻


ϵĺɺͽԶҲһ£һͷ

αһȸϣɴϥϣʵҶúܿİλ

ʶܣɷӦ졣ֻǸûżͱסȷšžһǰϡ
аѺһӣ˵⼸챳ҳʲôóԵʲôˣ

һμʶеĺ֣ͳһؾϲ

ˣġ鲻Խʹ˸СţȻһţȥܽˣζôûдǻ˰˵˵ô㣿

˿ɵ磬Ҳû취Ҫý֪Ǹһˣ
ʲôꣿǲǻôô
֮ǰǿǲ֪߲Ƕ֪ˣٸҴߣӷǰǵƤɣ
⻰һԶͷ糤ͷ

б˸ͿˣΪʲô
⻹˵糤̲סĹϵֽʶ˹õģοˣ

ʲôôãиͿˣҸĹϵ

ɵ磬Ȱһ䣬Խӵϲһ˲ףҪúô˵г贫ȥӵг赹Ҳʲôӵ¶Ҫúϧ

У
У
Уʲôг裬ȫҶг裡

ӵг裿

оòˣ˿ڶҪЦˡ

𣿡
ǸƨҪкһ٣ϲŮˣѾˡ

æʣ˭
вͰѡ˵˻ɲס졣
ȻǲýȻҪܡ

ǲùܣңЩƨ㡣˵ţ°ͣܽĶʲôȪ

жȥˣ߻ɽ¥ܽڡҲƺãԺȪ˵ԴɽŮգ׳ܷϻͯ
һҲ֮Убʾ⣬֣լôã˵Ӽûôôʲôȥ

ʵЩʱΪ粻ڣܾ˵ʲôʱҲʮ˷ܣ˵߾ߣֻкһ˱ǣӻ㲻ô죿

û¡б˫ۣţܷ⡣

*

ǻʱеһŹ⡣
ЩźͻϰߣÿϻŴһȹ⣬ľͻúůЦҲ᲻Ծǡ

ǻͷӼӹ飬üȥϢ
⼸컨ûƾ֣ϵʱȫѧ⼸˴Ӿȡģõϡ

Ȼһ̤ڣϵЦͶסˡ

Сˡ֦֫

ô
ģ˵ʱ߿һһȡ

еԭǣǸʵ֪Ҷ֪ˣôãôϲ㣬һǡȷӣĵľû֪

üͷ΢壺أ
ʱڵģͳȥˡ

ȥĶˣ
˵ˣǳȥߣһɡ˵ţһյǰС˲ŴȱȲɡ

ǾȫȻûпⱭ裬̧ߵ⣬ȵɩ
ɩڡ˵Ǽе£ˡǺϴȴ֬ɫı篣ʹźãҲסĺ磬΢΢ȥСˣͷ䣬طȻӰɡ

̧ͷһ£â࣬Ǹѵõʶҹ
ӣǵȲˡ

ذɡǸ±飬ͷҲûص뿪ˡ

*

ɽ¥ͨľƼңԺȪָһż䣬ľʵ̸ɫˮϣовˣר˷̡

糤ԶѾǵһ糤ĳͣÿҪ˴ģ˱Ϊ̵˸
ˮݽȪֻ£¾ˮΪϵˣû취ֻ֣ųرڣøЩ˿ڽˮ
ȪˮůС˿ɿڣƸһһ¹࣬кȵȻоƮ

޵ȷʵ
磬ʱȾԭŵ㡣

жԴ֮ԱǣյҲѹοܽ
֪ȪˣƵĺ㣬кܿ;Դеεġ

糤ˣͷ϶ſ鲼߱ߣͷô·

һȻѣҿǸŮġ

糤˴Ȼ󷢳ıЦ
ԶͺҲûסɵҲŮģ
ԶҲǣ
糤ҿɲǡ
û˵ͱ˰סȥŮ˹

žƺ˴֣ϴЦ
ڿԳˣ˺þƣ˵ӦúܺòǣȻеΣͷȴװһط׹˸ʲôƵģ΢΢³

ʲôأ
ѵؿʼ˼

Ըܻ֣ңΪĲǿôѿԼֿ˶ĿӦúܿĲǰɣ
Ϳ֣ҿģͺھ¥ģҶĵģʲô

ˮڣͷٺһھƣ˰ȴɻػ˻Ρ

ӣ
߲֪˭һһžƺһڳݲصӴһֵǧ𣬲Ųء

һ˲ˮﻩһ˿ˮͣǰһץסžƺ֡

У
ҧгݣÿһֺ˲³





46.     ǣϲ

ӣ
еָһ, ƺУཹðݳȥ

ǵǰȫǻ, üͷ, üһơ

һֻ֣˵ǵ, ָࡣ
ʪʪģһˮ˳Žǵı», ડһ, νȪС

һˮͬʱҲν˽ǵ, ˵Ķ΢΢һ, ҪըѪܵķŭҲ֮һ١

Ϻ˵ģϸ, ԝˮһ΢΢һˮ˶, ʪ, һŹ¶ˮĻ, һöϴ˵ӡ
ǵ, е, һ, ˳, Ȼ, ¶˴Цݡ

ԲۣЦתˣǿ, İ

ɡԶ糤˱ɪɪ
ѰҽҪûˣ

ۣתȥ
˵ͺȣȻʩն

˵ۻôȥ
ûһ˵֣˶߶ųȥ糤ǰ桰ѵһײŰˡ

к̽ͷȥһ̧ס°ͣüͷ˭ȪʱȾƵģ˶٣

һذָͷʼĺָǰΣĺ

ǣ
ܽ೤ƣȻϵľƺˮоͷɢ죬еѾܽػһɫ·ֻҪһš֭

ҵﲢ¡
˷糤з̵ˣѲɩóĽۣǻи糤ȥȾˡ
ͨܽ¥Ҳڶ࣬Ǽұͨеľ¥ҴȪĵط

֮ΪǾþ糤ٲ£Ҳô˵ĻȪٲ£ҲܺһȪ
ҵңֻǵ̺ʽһʵѾҲ˾¥ԵĵطԺȾơ

ȻݺһǶ⡣

вǼһȪһȾƣ֣Ȫڵû죬ݵޱȿġ

ɱ˵Ķˡ

ģȫ֪Լͷ¿ڳرߣұ̧ʯ̨ϣ˿ڽˮ
Ǵ£ϱˮʪżֻҪ΢ע⣬ܿʪ°ڰڣ쳣ˡ

͵ԼߣƽϢһ΢΢ҵĺ
ܵŭԾѹһЩ

ƹֺúȵģǲǱյӺãһȥһӺյӡ˵ţȥ̾ƺҾء

ץס󣺡߰ɣȥֻҪø

һӣƺӳô󣬾Ͳ֪ôдþһҪȣ

治֪ôдǶȻΪ̫ˡûʪ֣ҲôһڵˮĽķ϶մ˲ˮ

ȥ֪Ҫڵʲôʱ򣬽һֱӰ

ָֻ§סĲӣһֻδˮ׼λãкȻһЦסĲ
ڴҪ֮ʱôһ˳Żеȥ

ɫȪˮĽˮľ̾һζˮһȦһȦƯ

ˮԝÿһƬˮϸСˮ鶼ŻƵƹ⣬ССؼ̺λð財

ǵּʱ˻е࣬ס壬ûеϡ
˿ɢңˮ뵣֮ľϢϢţᵽĺһ㣬ܽľ㣬ζ

Ǹĵ˲䴳Ժй˫ļ䶼ԺиգŴȻΪȺࡣ
ƺõ䡱һ졣
ƾ춯أңԶģ
ǰȫеռݡ

糺죬ʪбѡһ䣬ϻоӨˮޣҷ˲ߢ

Ƿ𣿡
еϣῪϣɢ˵㡣

Ǽ˵ʲô۾ֻĴһӻĮǧ˿֦ͷõһӣҡ



֮⣬µ϶ûбͷ

ʲôֻӸڳҲ⼱٣ס˻أǷǽô˵

Ǽѵһڿˮһαʱ򲻾ůԼΪọ̈̄类ա

Сʱÿ³һ֣·УǷ·Ҫһ֮סɢǧǵ쳣֡

ǷӰɣǣҲǡش
ӵüëģüҼҪɨ޽ǣӵıͦģڵƻҫΪͦΣӵĴأ΢΢ĺ죬˺ҧһڡ
ӵöͳرر
С
΢΢̧ͷ۾ӡ
ھȪˮϢУŵһ˿Ϥġŵķҷַ·綼ζǷӵζ
ζҲǡ

΢΢
̫ˡ
ôһ̧ͷԭͽߵľˡΣյĳ̶ȡ
ɷ·кȻһ졣
ǧɢ뱼ǵȻ޴档

۾ͷ
ˮķ˿䣬֪ȪˮǺˮƹյӨˮ


üëһʹ

һ˲ѽʵ
ǻ˶ס˽ŷӦôˣ

ʹлջԼ֣§ǵʱ򲻾ãҼϵ˿ڵʹڴִܽԡ

˻ûãô뵽ȪģȾƣסұۣչȴʮ첲ҪôԺ˵򱱵ңֻò𣡡

п¶һЦݣü䣺֪ˣǷӣӾҵġ

ǼֱûƢЦ

ǷΪʲô룬ʣʱ㲻Ӧҷ㿤𣿡

ãһǸһУҪʲô

ҡǰһ棬ֻϧеɢΪܾýǵڻΣòһֻȥס㡭úôţҶεͷΡ

˭ҪϣǺ޲͸˵뿤޿ܣٸң

ƭˡ棬ϻһ˿ӣƭˡ£ȴ˵޷ϲ˼ңȴ˵޿ܣˣȴ˵áˣǲ˵ﻰƭңôɾմ˵ҳҪȥΪϲô³أģƭˣʲô֪ȫΪͺϲ

һ˲˲ؿĿҪ黯ˮһ¡

һ˫Բ۾޷۽ȴһĸо߷·ܿĵĵط

ôһأôɵôô˰

ǣϲҿΪӾӪ֣رҲΪˣǿ
ǵ͵͵ģһһַ·ȫǴģϸ಻޾

ǿɻͷʣ˭






47.     ǲϲң

, ŵƹ⣬ȪϵƹΡ
ǵĿҲһ, ԝĹ, ƽʱģ˲ͬ
дûĽǡ
ĽϷĵģÿ˼, ŵ˼飬ֺóԵ˼顣

һ, һʱԼ⡣Ծٴ, ֻһס
ϲϲĽǡ
ϲϷĵϲ

һ˲, һˮ, ˮﱧ
оԼˮ𣬸Ǳ˴һξק˳, ˣŬǵӣ㻹ûҡ

Ǳ, ߣʲô

ϲ˰˭

ǿ֪

͵ͷ, ֻ۾Բ

Ȼδʦ

У
ʲô𰸣

һȴ, ǸǸõ, а, ¼ȫ
ǰѻ͵, ѳ

˵תҪ, ȴһ, Ϊһֻʪץס

ߡҡҡλΣû˵, ߡ

ˡһ뿪Ȫʪ͸͸⣬ٵȥóҾͷ㡣

вɣǻҡ

̾˿ݣǳ磺ãø㡣

ˣɿ֡

վţʪϵɢݣʼ
䣬ǡôܰ˵⽵

OO@@졣
ǡµĶ


ȴ⣬ÿһϸ΢춼˸ʵԺﹴճԼĻ档


ҪԶһЩȻеһ

ĽŲһ٣תҪ磬סôˣ

ԲӾͲˣһȥ죬㣬ٲӣӾҪˡ

ǣ
һ˵Լ£ˡ

ȱ𶯣š
ǴȥϰһŮָ֪ţ¡һ죬㵹һˣںѾʧȥԣ̤߹ӰңӲ֪ô£

ķѾһߣʱ͵عϣ˶ˣ

Уҵȥ

Ҳ
ʶԼֽˣ΢΢˶٣˿ڿˮ㡭Ȼȥţ㡣

ɻ󣺡㲻ô

ҲУ

иɻͷôУ

ҡظоĿϵÿһҪӲĳ̶ȣ˼Űϣ۾Ǳ߶࿴һۣ㡭Զһ㡣

п죬ȻûΪʲôУֻǴӲп˼ԵľܾŮһ㣬߽һҪԱڡ
ûйŵóۡ
ֵѡԣѣôˣ
Ǵ·һҪǮҪƴĮ𣿣
ģ

ֻüܶκζ֧Ҳ֪ô£ֻòˣֻȴֻܴں󱳻λεô
ƫֻСƶֱۺһԵ޷ݵŮԶڲ㲻һ

з꣬һӳ˹
·һ죬ӱȻǻзһʹʹվסǰԵ

У
ǼæһסС
Ȼס

ȫͬвû¶ʵǼȪȻúõشϣһֱ֮ͼϵġһӡ

ǣ

ֵܣлˣӲҪԼ

ǽ˵һ֡
ָأǵһֵľ
Դһᣬϡ

ǻ³һڳ
Լͷ

*

ٴѾԺĴϡ
ůıӣŸɸˬˬ

Դеۣһкƽʱ峿ûʲôһ

ɩ̣ǸС˰ץʱһΪԼԴˡ

аһصԺЩ涼Щģˣֻ·ΪֹŴžͻȻ˯Ƶġ
󾱣ôģ

Сѽɩѹһ˿صЦ⣬˵ܾСϲ˲ǿ

Ϊ죬ԲɩһĴָôģϷȷʵ˵ϲˡ

ɩݸһ񣺡û˵˭
ұҪʵģûʳ˯ˡ˵лʮϧ

ɩЦ⻹˵ǿȻǹ㰡

ң
һ£һʱûӦ
Ӧֻĺ˹棬صشһǣһ죬Լһ˵˵ôܣ

ΪʲôĸһȥȾƵģүڷȦȴǱͻģ

Ϊˣܷܲܰɣľ֮󣬻и˸ؿڣƽ˵ˣӷҵʱûڷǵĶǷʣµġ

˫۾˶ˣһ׼ῴСҹڴϵӣһЩҪŪˡ˵Ҫϲǣôõĺߣ᲻Ҫɩƶ˼ȥɡ

°ͣʼ˼ͷĿԣ˵ϲҵġ

ɩЦǿķǡ

룬ϲ
뵽û취ȥˣΪѾҪˡ
ϲ͸ӳף

š
׿˵ûȢġ
ģɾʲôķǡ

ʮӡеҪǷϲңʮ

ô˵ɩϲôأ

Ҫ𻰣ŵ˿㣬Ȼŵҩζ
ǽˡ

Īأһ¡

סؿڣѹȥ
ҩʲôϡʲô

̧ͷͿˣŴ䡣
ż߽
һͦΣٷ磬ż֮ʱһ°ڣˮʮֺÿ
촩һīɫͨԲۣİɫ죬ڰ׷쳣Ŀ

һ㷢ֻее㲻ͬ
ǱֱһǰȤȻ󲿷ʱ򶼴ŵĵζ۱Ų
һڿȫϡ

ûƿȫһۣӵһֱֱ߱ϣʲôԾý鲻Խ⡣
ѩδѩ
ħסط·һƬ

ҲԴһСС̫ɣ֮졣
ֻǱҫ

ҪõܱסĵȻɫڲ¡
˽˰ϲȫǰ
ʼƬ⣬𣿡

ţ˯ͷˣû緹ˡлع£˫Ŀơ

û̧ͷ۾ȥרעֻдĽë΢΢ñƽһЩ
ƬһСڻǰ԰ɡ

ÿĵһ⣬ԶǻгԵʱ
죬ûǵ⣬
ƣ֪ٸôȥһƲסҪˣһƬ⣬һһĿǣƽʵ㿴ʲô

ӣ㻹ûҡе

ǣ
ôôǵЩ
СȻܴӦʲô⣿

㲻ǵˣ죬˵ϲ˲ǿ˭

ƬƬøˣ˼ŸôشȻнʣӣʵ˵ǲϲң

ǣ
һ٣ָ⴫ʹѪð˳






48.  ó   ӣá

ɩ֣ЩѧһЩӵ˵ļ, Ӳʹ˱ҪװԼǼҾߣü, һҲ
ʵϻǾ仰һʳ, ɩĶ֧ˡ
¹ʮʮӣɩȻô, ҪҪûɫСˣС˻᲻Ϲ֮ġ
û뵽оȻ˼ֱӴֱ

ȻҲһ𾪵, ̧ۿŻ, ס
ָѪ, ̹, Ѫ졣

һǸ
п, ٿӣѪˡ

γ, ŷӦæ, Ӱסָ
Ѫò, ˱һС, пܿ࿴һۡ
˵Ƿôÿ, ּӽ, Ѫմͷ, Ŀ, ˳飬еۡ

šһץס󣬳, һ£ȷ˿ȷʵ󣬵ǱȽϼ⣬մϵ֬ûôס
ָͣܺõÿ졣

һůֱ󣬼谭ഥ
ʱϵϵļȵģģֻȽӣ˼Щң򣿡
飬ԼֻӤʱ

ţְͽһ㣬ǵͷ΢΢ʶܣˡ

ҲǿԼ
ȻѸ٣ϲСϸܵһ죬Ȼһںסָ⡣

ǣ

Ǿľͥҡ÷ڷƮ䣬ƮĻ㡣
һжڶģط·ҡΡ
ʱȴˡ

ȫийٶӡȫ澲ֹͣ
ָֻһ֪쳣
·ȫѪҺǸָӿȥһ㼡·ͻȻ˶ʶƵģеĸܱ޷ŴȻֱԺ

һѣ

еͷɿ˱ǵ˿ڣѪζ˼£ɿ֣ˣСĵˮͳɣϲҩνˡ

꣬ŷֽǵƷǳӲڼܾ֮±ʩ˶һ

ӣ
ǰһΣȻջ֣ͬʱһҳȥ

СݸֹţǶҲδйʱ֣ҵ˻ǵһô͵һ飬æ뿪
ɩҲһæ¡

еͷԣֻŽǡ
ǵȻӲȴڷ죬ҪѪ
˫ȭн߬ȭԼӵ˼ʪĵӣǺ£ȥֻʪɫжѪζʮУ̱Ҫȥӡ

˴κȵУ

Ѫˣм˿ڲʹ֪֪

Ů֪֪ܲѪӿϹ̣ż΢΢ôܡôܡ

㶵ؿǺ˵е
ǡˣ
һӣ

ԼҲŰģҿһģ
ǵӻǵֵܣ˼˺ôһһڵǱҧһƵģӦô
ʮֲˬʵԼˮϴϴȥ̵ֲҵѪһǹúӶ£

ټžһʱֻʣ˶Ϊصĺ
Ҳ˼һȿڣϵĺεȥɫȥѾӽֻȻ൱Ȼ߱һԣЩӲ

еĻû˵˵ʲô˼һôˣڷô𣿣˵ϲ𣿣

ԭٸϸŮ֮Ĵһ䣬ͷЩ᣺ҡʲôʱ˵
һʱ侹Ծм顣
ֻѵĲС˵ڣ

һ룬Ŷǣû˵
ⲻҪֱ׳:ɩ˵ģ

ǣ
еҲ˿

ɩһˣ֪ʲô
΢΢ս˵ָ⴦˿˿ʹʹǡôͷ侲ѣУʵĻڿԴ㡣һнΪδӣֻϲˡ

еͿ
δӡ
ĸ

һ֪

иͿˣӣӻðɣ
ĸ֪ϲ

ҪΪ˷ȻҪչãΪ³ҲǷ֮֡ǵиϰߣҪôҪҪáҪõķȻҪڿʼϰ

ˣԭԣδʦĸ

Ǵ۾ûгϣҲûзϡ

£ЮһԳԡ
⻹ôóԣ֪ǲǷˣζǰ
㣬ûʲôʧģһ˵˲Ȣúܡ
ܳ⣬Ӯ˲ɩʮӣ׬ˣ

һѸܵӣϼûʹҲûѹ΢΢һЩ΢΢ࡣ
ȻǣûûΡ
Ҳá

£ſʼƬ⡣
һƬһԣָֻƽĽࡣ
ֻƽ˵ĻǽǽУǻгյķȴ쳣ķ

㡭ûа
ǺȻڡ

лȫһ춼⣬

Ǵ۽ޣƣ˿ڡ

ЩֵԼ𣿡˵Żһۡ
㣬Լ򣬱˰㣬
ҧʶģ
뻹Ǻݺݿһ⡣

Ǹǵеĺл㡣

̧ͷ۾Ȼ˵Ұ򡭡

Ǹ֣˱ͷһѪҺҪϳ壬Ļ֪Ǻ⣬Ժ󲻿ˡ

Է㲢û

԰ɡ
ٶȴѵӵݹǰĿյ
Ƭõ⣬Сһ£䣬ۡȻۺͿ֥顣

˵ǹõ֣ʣµȻҲܳԷײ㣬ҪҿѰ쵽
Щ춼ǽǰϸϸƬã͵ǰ
θ޵׶ҪƬһֻ򣬻춼Աˣſʼԡ
ΪˣԷû⡣
ֱһ̡

ֻпǰþòô

ӣá̧ͷһЮһ⣬͵ǰҲԣ

ǡĿӡ
ǱܵزеĲס

Ӻ棬κʱҪҲκʱҪůһǳǳĹ⣬һ㱡ᡣ

ǵִ֮ǰѾſסһ⡣
ѾܾúܾòںԽʲôеķʳֻΪ˲ʹ¡ʳֻʣ¹óȫ塣
һڣ·˳˯ζ
ظоfŨ·Ҫ׽ڿǻڻ

ó𣿡
ЦʣüǰЦ·ܻΪ㣬

óԡ
Ǵ

ǰǸشȻ෴شȷԷθҪΣҪαװҪơ
ŶʮأǶףҲбһڸóԵ⡣

Ϊġ





49.  Ľ   㰡

ɡ糤ԶȦѾ۳ɹ, ȫ̱ڷ糤ʬ
йʱھ͡絽ǲǽг衱չұۡ
аѽǵĻԭⲻǣȻԼȥơ

ӣǲǣǶٸ㹲һˣ
ϸһ, дһ, ³Ƚϲҡ

ֻ˶ΣǾʹ򵽷ӻɢ
ڷ·һˮ©ÿʲôʱʲô, Ӳ뿴ʱֻҪһڸ֪ʲôʱˡ

㺫Ҳ˽⣬Ӧ
浽, ;Ϊִƪۡǽʱвõҵ

Žǲû, Ÿظ, Լս
ﾲ, ɩʰʰҶƣԼı, ʮ⡣
ƪ䲻ıʼÿһ仰ǰʱֻСʱ
ǵʱ, һдͷͺ켷ʮ, ھȻ, ʩΪ, Լ붼漣
һȻӱŸ߰˶츳, һ浱ȻҲǷӽ̵úá

뵽, ůůġ
һ
ϲӵıۡӴᵥ˵áǡá, ÿζ, ãΪʲôĽ, θĽܻһñǰζҪá
ȻٴϵĹ۵ǣȥ̸Ķ

һܽɡзԸɩ䣬ůůӡ
룬⺮Хů紺һߺСƣһŷӽѧоҲˡ

ֻǵȥºõľƶˣǻû
ȥϵˮ©ˮ©⣬Ȼûʱ򣬷Ӷûء

ɩȳŲסˣС°סˣͲ˰ɡ˵ǻô˹ҲϿˡ

ܣӾ㲻Ҳ˵һ
Ȼûãˡ
տɽǱȷʵ£лʬҵˡ
Ϊл飬ձ㲻ˣûвصȡ

졣
лȴͷ˾޿ڳʲôл˵ǿɽķףΪ飬ʵǲϳ

лӵķӣʵϿӳ֮Ψһѡӳõʱ̫ѧǱߵĹҲʮֳԽǶлʱӣ˽ǳ

𽪰ǵһθǱȫ⡷ʱϵ顣
ǸʱǺ˽ɫ£ǵĹζʲô

*

ҹʱ㾲
¯еѿȼٵ㣬¯
Ȼ»صǰ¡

Ȼھʲôû˸˵ѡ˵͵£Լľʣͣһǰɽᡣ

űƿһӹƻѹõ͵͵ġ
ˣλûлͷ˯ô

شһֻ̳
ᣬڹÿ⣬Ҳŵüܽ

Ǽ¡
ͷͼ˰󣬹źĶ񡣶¶һС۾ԲԲӨ

Уݵ֮󣬽ǵüͷˣ

ûûУġ
һüһüģõž̳˵Ҽһ·ʹ̧̧

ǵɫŻЩӹ̳ƣҹʲô

㰡
еޱȻ

վָ̳˽ؽ΢΢ף֡ҲҪ㡣

˵Цأлӵġе˵ôÿɽȮҺôѧġȫ⡷ôҲаʦ֮ٲȻĹϵһúһʦûˣһҲӦõġ

һ˵һӻͶ
ע⵽ϹĹңԭΪ캮·öЩû뵽ͳȫֽǮ

ǣ

סһӦ·ϴõͭŵƹ⿪ʼֽǮһգһӣ˵㣬ǲϵʦȥ䣬λôͲֽǮأֽǮӣûʲô´ùӣʦûãǿɵø ˵ǲǣ

ڽңӶ˵ֻһĿһ㣬ڣȡ֮֮ߣ仰Թͬ
л߶߶ڵĺ¼ŷ·ɢˣĿ̳ϵķ࣬ͷһ

ܽƹв¶ҾƵĿڳһɻ棬ů

ǰֽǮѾһ裬лǱ߶ʦҶЩ㣬յ֮ǼԵɶȵɶǧʡţҪլӾլӣҪţţҪȢСžȢСš
˵̧ͷʽǣʦ𣿡

ǣûС
ǾҸʦţȢСţȢȢ٣еǮ

λлѣӲԶŮ˽Ϊһ־αɽѰ߽󷨵СȢ޵ģĲᣬСҲᡣ

һ㶣˵ĿֲȢŮҪŮû˻Ҫµһô

ᡣ˾Ȫ֮£ܿļˡ
˵ţٴͷһڣٷ¾̳ʱе˵㯣ǰڳʱ򡭡ǴЦġǰݻ󷨣Ҳǰ뿴Ļþشʱ˿̣Ѿطˡ

˭

ǵͷЦһ¡
Цø⳰
ûԼʴˣҪ⣬ǵһٶʮ˸ˣһٶʮ

ûףʲô

ҡҡͷ˵ֻž̳Ⱦơ
Ƭ̹һ̳Ӿƾˡ

вţ˻Σһˮ춼
ⱲֻһôܺȵģǾϴ
û뵽Ҳô
ȻҪݵ۷Ź⣬֪ôȴе㵣ġ
ǺȾȲ裬ûô

ͷţ̲סû쵽ǰͱֵ̧סˣô

仰ͺܷˣе̷һ룬ͷĿ˷·һƾҪƵģ̲סʵӣҪʵܣͿްɣҲЦġ

ҡҡͷû˵
ڰˣеֽǮѿ컯ɻҽһѽȥ

Ľؿڣ뾩һգҸУõľǱѩա˵ݵıѩղǼƷеԶԶгһݣһΪҶ̳
ҿ뿪ãư׵һ޻ľ࣬ؼǺܺúܺõĴɫϵĴɫһãҿˣܿĺĽ

һӽǵʹ۽޹ϡ
ת˲ɫɣٿۼ

ֻǱһֻץˣеۡ
ǰֻ֪лķӣȻ֪лǴܺõķӣ˿̲ףл˵һѡ

ߵĶֵĶȫͬҲΪλ̫ߣҲΪ̫䣬ǵѺ١
ٵÿһ

ƫƫĽ֮¡





50.     ϲǱˡ

⡭Ҳܹ㡭
οʵڲǻеǿ, ҪˣʲôŲµģնֽǮ, ¡

ƽĽǳȵԶ᲻ɴ, ǿҲһ˿ûڵģ
ڵ, ÷·һ֮±̰ɢ

ҪڳôٸҲ, ˵֮ǰҲ֪Ѿﰡ𣿡
еٷɿ, ˲Ҽ, ˫ץסǵļ, ·ץʹڻΪ촷Ƶ, ҪǲĿɾǰ ȻҪ, 㵱ˣ㻹ʲô鰡

ǵͷ, Ȼ͵͵ЦˣǺǺǺǡҿɲĳˣ

һ㶣ʲôˣ

ʲôҲû̧, ڽ, ĳˡ

дûм
ȷе˵, ûκ

, һ⡣

ӡеԾ΢΢, ҡ

, Ҹ㽲ºòãǺȻ

аͲøϿ컻⣬æͷúúãϲˡ

ܾúܾǰ, һ˼ΪƣһֻСޡСްǴԣΪ׬ȡʳǻԽԽã˿ԽԽ࣬СҲԽԽ󣬿ȥʳĶ˴ĲƸȨơ

к棺ʲôޣô

ûУȥ
ֻԽҪĹҲԽԽࡣֻΪֻޣǺΪιֻޣǽʼ಻飬ǲں˵ں壬ֻҪֻԽԽԽԽô󵽽¾ΪСУ˵⻧˼ңô죿

ⲻǳɹôеǾɱ

ɱǵĽëһ£˷·ʲô̧Ŀڻϡ
һָо̳ƣһ֮ǰ·һֱԼͿԻ
԰ñһֻСʱܸܺɣɳͳ˶Ȯҧˣɱɱ

ૣɱ

Ȼأҧˣ˵ţ˸Ƿ²ٽģ

ǻعˣȥ˯ɡ

ۣ㽲ɡе㽲κĺȥعûء

ǽ̻б֮ʱֻǽо󣬻Ͷãƽɹ½
һʮִЧ֮ԶڿķձҪǵøࡣ

ʱǱ½ʿͬʹ࣬ҹ˯﹡ϣҶӣκĺԭعأӿΪء

һ潲һͼ۾ҪԴһΣҡҡ׹
ûͣ½ֻǽŵøƽ滺һЩǰŲŲ
нֵסԴһΣոպãһͷԽǵĻ

ǵľҵһ
ǰĹѪͬ裬һԷ·ֱϡ

Уȥ˯ˡ
Ҳ˯Ҳб۾棬Ž

ûٿڡ
ٶ밲С
ⰲһԴһ־׵ů⣬Χǡ

ǰԴһȶĺ

ǵͷֻ۽޳ͦǻݵ£֪εʲôóԵġ

캮ضδ;ʵˡ

رᣬڴϡ

ΣӰڽǵ

лл㣬ҡ

*

ٹ˰£ɽϻɾҲȫͼͽĲҲԲ׼ʦ
ؾǰһ峿ɩͷʱʻҪҪЩȥѣͨݵĵҶ죬ȥ䣬ˡ

֣Ҳ֮ԱǣǶСɵ飬Ҳûй򡣡

ɩ˵ɲǸСôôͨһˣûúùءôϲܽ𣬲̳ȥ˵ˣģ࿴ߣܻᷢϲĶ鲻ã໨ǮҲܺ

סˣֻã
Ȼ

˼̧ͷ⡣
峿ҩпͥԺ÷߶һ仨ͷϣȻ󱻷ţļͷ䣬һֱ۽ǣڵϡ

ӣӭ

ףҩ룺Ȱҩˡ
Ʋϲŭл֮󣬻бѵõЦݺԽϡˡ

ԹԽӹҩˣһ˲Ǻ«Ѿ͵ߣһںסȻӣ۲ȫ˰ɣ
΢΢һ٣Ϊʲô

㣬ٺóԵĶҲܲסѾˣʦһ⣬Ҳˡеȥְɣ

ԼȻǵ֮⣺֣Ҫʲô
͡Ǻ«еؾͳԲˣȥš

ǵСαרһˣ㻹Ǿ˰ɡ
Žǵֱۻ˻Σǻȥɡ

Ǵ۾Լϵ֣ͣ˼Ϣһ㣺㵽Ҫʲôңüȥ򡣡

ǲУüȥܸô
ʲô

ɩ˵˸ˣҾһ
ͷڹ΢΢⡣

ֻԼƵصһ£һҪţֱɳ
ù֡ʵѾܸˡ

ģ
ţġ

ϸ۽üҳһ˵Ķߡü۶ͦͣ񡭡ǳǳºͣҪˮƵģǻеҲ÷ǳǳˡҪ֤ˣѾоõһ̵ȷʵǸ˵ġ

ǽĺɰŵҽջҪȥһˣǻʲôҪģֱȥ򡣡

ɰģдһȫǽ顣
ˣ
л

ǿӳȾϽɫһ˿Ц΢΢ǡ
ǵģĺܸˡ
Ϊ߲ˣں

*

ǽղȫ뿪硣
бһӽ飬ϺɵˣŲɩֱ֡

ȱֱǼǺ«ĵꡣ
ɩ˵ǼҵǺ«ʮˣϰ弴ȫͨúܣ˳ơ«š
ʱͨݿʲôʳóԣұҵ꣬û뵽Ǹ׼ġ㣬˵˵ϻô˼˵ϲ㣬˭أ

ɩһֱΪʮӹڻôأǵĻǶŰϣ

ɵɩ㲻ˣӶԵӵϲҲϲ
ʮ޳ɣǣ
Ž飬ʮ֮á
ֻǵǼҵ꣬Цˡ

ĵ̴Žգ滹һţٲӪҵټѴơ

ˣţܴôóԵ˾Ȼ˵Ͳˣûˣ

û˼Ҳǲ򲻵򲻵кҲá
ں˶ߣʾͨݺóԵĶأʲôĿһ

λܴ˵ͷһʱήңûйֵ£˳˼ֻɵˣǸŲɩЩ͸컢ɽֵǣȻشظ

ǰʦǰһ죬񷳶࣬뿪ǰѾ˵ϲڶһ磬кͺɵ˴֣ͨʮͽϡ

֣Ҹ׼һظͨزһԡ

Ҹо˿Ѿûд󰭣˲󵶣Ѿͳûʲô𡣵֣ҷ·ǼĴºıڽź棬𶯻е˿ڡ

߻֮󣬻дҪ³ȥǣӱڴʱ𣬽Ѿ˳ԯһֳһ죬ջʱ϶һҩ

Уӣҩô

Ҳ֣ҩضûԼ㣬ҴҩĹþҽһ簾ˣһֱ̿šƽȰɡ

У
˵һ񡱣л˵ʲôأ

Ҳǹⲻȣ͡ûǺ«ҩֿˡнӹҩ룬ͼƱ磬ǽ͡
û˵ֻ꣬һ֣һջʱ϶һֻֽС
ֽУֽд򿪣ͷıǺ«

У
УĶģ˵ڵģ˶٣𣿣
һ˵һ˲϶ҩ͵̽ȥҪͷǲиٱ䣬ýһ֣Ҫʲôʲô

Ǽæסҩ֣е֮һ٣˵˽ǼͷͶͱ
ѩأ淢Եů紺бڣֱ˸㱼ǱסһӭĴա

˶סֶסʱպҲ֮ס

ȫȻûʲôԣȥֻһòغӣ̣ʵͽصһԡ

˭ʡ

СȫСӡ¶һʵϲЦݣСϲС˵Ǻ«СԺרСӳԡ

Ǻ«ţоȣͷ򽪰ǣҪȥ

ֹǴСȥǣҪСȥҡ˵ȫˣСҪȥǺ«ˣ

ǱƣһϲǱˡ

У
ԣӲǺ«ҪǺ«ˣ





51.     ֻΪ³

ȫ, ȥǺ«ȥʹǺ«½, Ƕƹ, ˱һˡ
ˣȫֺ, Ǻ«ɽ髣˱ǽӡյȵ, ϸװڴ, ûϳԡ

ؿ, һ·űǺ«, õ

ֻǿ쵽ǵʱо춯ƺ˲, ƿһƣžǵĳŷнʻһߵĵ·

, ȥĶʵ

ȥɽϣ, δ, ȥ, ȴȥɽ

ɽ
жʱϲ

ɽɽھ, ˵ɽǾй˵ıԺ, ÿ, ǶҪȥɽ
ıԺ, ԽҵıԺΪ˵ƹȫǰйġ

ûй, ֪йǸʲô񣬵վڽҵıԺǰΡĴԼźֻһ뷨ǻʹҲ˰ɣ

Ȼаţһɣ˴ӭˮȲȷɫɫȫ

ｪǼûйҲûоһʱ伸̵С
һڱϽ٣е棬鷿ϿεʱʵӣҴе鲻𣿡

ִʵ΢΢һ٣㲻زЩ

ƽʱôæģʱȫϣѧˣ᲻æóԲ

ǿ˿⣺Ƽǿô
ԺĴϽǶƬֵ磬ãľһ࣬һ۱㿴һߴͥԺУ֦ҡ

ҾǿæͣЪڣҵķͣˡ
ʲô˼вףʲôķ磿

ǡǿҵҲǸ׵
˳ʱҵΪҵԴȪ
ΥʱҵܿѹĨɱ

ͷͬĵص׸ֳҪƳۼ¾õĻ棬ǿ ˼ǣҴʱп㣬úúץƬ̲иʼȦֽͼļ󣬡ػ

ػеˣҶػ˱ˣ
˱鶼úú÷ʡʡ
Ҫξ˰ɣпͺôһ㡭

УΪѧʲôǵ໭ʫʸ踳ü㽫Ҫսս֮ϵۣҲкľһ̣ڶѧһ֣ʤһ֡

ĸĸĸĸģ£лֽ̿ʣʣѹеķ꣬Ҵͷȥ
˵߾ߣּֿ죬Щײ͹ɣ

ͦ󰡡ɣŰʹϡ

̾˿
ĵһ仰û˵Ҳܴʤֻ̣ϣܴսϻ

ɣŵҹţӴˡ

΢΢죺ЩŶûֻѧѡ
ôۣ

ɣָָԼԴӣΪѧۡ
Ͼ˭ܸȣù̫ѧõ˫ޣЩܼѧѾûеԲˡ

ǵûпǵһ㡣
ۿˣ֮Ѿȥһ룬Ȼǿ뽪еġסֻʮңԶľ룬˽ǲҪӿٶȽܹЩ

ϸ룬ͷȷʵ棬Ӧֿ죬ϲָ˲ٹΡ

*

Ȫ
лԼˡ

ɽõȪұԺΪõıԺȪ˱ԺС
סĵһȥι˽ҵȪֻȪɽ¥屶󣬺ȪأˮͷĽע룬ֹȫ𺳵˻С

еȥݣ֪һȪ־ͱɫֻ֣
Ϊʲôʡ
λ÷ӣʲôĵظ͡
ȻһΣֱӱӲģûΪʲô˵˲ǲ

ǡлһ£Ѿͨӣҹ涼ǵôǴΥʦ

У
ȷʵǵˡ

ҹ涼ˣлʲô˵ֻùԹȪ̾Ѱ˼Ūҩ֪ذѽ޹ΣͿȥȪΪΪˡ

ɣĪǻҰɣкɵشɣһҪȪͺһȪزƵģôȥ

ģɣЦǲūҿô˵ЩѧùģصûһȪȥһȥͷ

˵İŵĨͣϲȥˡ

*

Ժ鷿ʮֿܱмʮߣǽߵղĲ鼰ǡ
Ƿһ䷺ƵǣԶʹղصʮ־ģҲһҳ

ɣֺǺǹֻšһڷǹֽѡ

ӵʲôӰūūҰɣ
ɣ̲סعӺһֱ鷿ʲôЩѾȫ˸飬򷭵⼸û򿪹ˡ

ûʲôҲ˳һ¡

ɣ
ӣûˡ˳֡Ͱ鷿˵ġ

ӼȲԸ˲֣ɣ˳ٰ˸ԶЩӾĵҪĶ
Ȼͼ߹

ɣգգۣԼۻˣӣݺˣ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ

šͷɣ

ڡɣֻ˵һ֣оһƵ鷿ķš

ԥʣɣܼң˵˿鷿ô
ɣ̧־͸һǱӣǻӣô

ɣ鷿򣬶˻ӻ֣ԶЩ
ˣ˾͵ˣһˣСǿɾˡ
ɣ΢΢ЦɵӲŲỽǡ

*

һ̤鷿Ϳ˽ǡ
ǸѵõĴ죬ƻʱĹâӳϣһƬԵıΣǱվƬС
촩һҳ۷һֵɫڹз·ײߢɫ
ͷҲûдڣֻźͬɫķһֱĺ޷Զ
ǶȥֻĲӶͷ촽ٵ򥡭һ͸߶һӨȻı⡣

Ȼ֮䣬һַǳǳֵĸо
ӭ˸Ĵһǡ
ȴۡ

˹ˣ֮ǰ鷿鷿Ҳӣôûע⵽ôÿأ

нŵʱһӡѾ˺ڣһȴһ˻ȥ
Ǳʲôӡ˵վſڣؿ

ԭΪɣȥһ̧ȴǻУס㲻ȥȪô
̷Ѿˣ˿ҲЩʪȻѾݹˡ
ôô
ǲ˺ɣһģһɻ
ȪĵǣΪҪһֱݵϲſϳ

Żعһݹĵģ´κһݰɣ

һּҪѿڶڻ߹ȥݸһͼǷػһݡ
ֻ˵˵
ý˿֣һ˵ġʧ䡣

ǸҲ֪ôˣǻе󡭡ͷǸʲôģʵó򵥵һ䣬ϳɺüأɴƹˤƢã

ǿͷԼż⣬Ҳ֪ǸⲻǣǸ°ⲻǡ
ҲҺû̧ͷԷ΢ЦǣǼŸⲻǣԲֻҴһСô

Ц⣬̧ͷ
סЦݣͷҲաڴҫԣ鷿ڷ·˸ķңҲУϣҲˡ

Ҿ֪ˣ
¶˴Цݣֻ۾ҪЦݻʹˡ

λãȫԡǽͼݻԺˣֱӸҡ

ЦҲûۣѧе㷳ˡ
ǽձЪһЪɡ

գлϲʲôҰҰɣ

һλнŻ˵дһס

ףкѰͬҼĸϵҪдҲдʫд鰡ʲôģȻдףǵô

Ҫ˵ǵֻΪ³

ŶŶ˺Ҫá
Ƕָһ䷭ֻʱ򣬽ҳһѾƣּͦ΢¶Цݡ

пϵЦݣȻ֮ˣҶˣλѧϰˣҲΪʦ³ǲǣ

ǷǵĶһ£ϲźۼš

¡ϵذԴ쵽ǰȫ԰Ĳʽȫһ飡






52.  ϲ   ̫ϲˣ


ÿһ, жԵ˽²ʽ
һо֮ͬǰǵȫһʱҲС覴ãϼ֮, ÿһ˶óԵûͷһȥ

ٶٳԵÿ, 춼ڴ
ÿ˯ѵһͷǡ÷ʲôء
ǲ˻еĲ˵

컨бŲ, еպǵôϸȻԵġʲô

һ, , ูж, в
, жԣǵöó԰ŪԳԣ

ǸϷС
һ㶣ǲϷô

ʧЦһ, ڱ˵Ҳ붼ϷǣһЩլ, ݵĺ

Ժȥݳԣ
˵ţ˳ֱ㷭һҳ, ȥġ

ǵĿȴ΢΢, ס۵׵į
Ժ, ˡ

Ӻδ˵, ˼Ѿԡͷ糤뿪˾, 㲻ٻ
ƽ֮, ˾ͻڱϡ
СȻҲٻ

ûȻѡҪԵĲʽ, 鷿ںȻ˰
һûΪ˵ľȴǰû£, Ǹһơ
ǵְסļͷҹɡ

ŷֳֵλ뿪ԭҵİ졣
ûкһĨӰӣҲûʲô飬˷Ըѽټûؼˡ

ǵϸףձء

ҹɣҪټջء

һδˡǵһ磬ұؾ
ҹɳĬƬ̣ټ˲ϲ˸˵ټӦס

㣬첻ֻһʲô˵ģֲҹ
ǵȻƽ糣㲻ԣظоԼͷеԾԸ׵Щܡ

ҹɵһֱ봹ţֻڽǰϣȥʮֹǫ
ʱһڣ۾̧̧ڻϡ
˵ϱǲãǿնģûһ˿ȴûһоɱеı΢΢Ѿ˵⡣

ҹɣصסĻУҹҲΥ游ֻһգظײ⡣вأᣬֻҵĻȥá

ҹٶȴ۾ǡ
ּǸո£ٿ֮䣬˱鷿ʧˡ

߹ȥĴôߵģҾȻȫûᷨ𣿣

ץסֱۣʮࣺУסһ£ҹɾҸ׵۾Ͷ䣬ǰһֶҪ˵

У˵ʲôô

ֻҪס´ۼҸ׻ǼҹɣͼװԼڡ
ȫףǵ֮һ˿󣬻鲻Խ˵ͷðɣҼסˣԺ

ɿҲһʵʲôѡô
æȥףǺòˣѡһζŷôѡѡ

ǺȻĲ׳˹⼸ս꣬дһƪ۸ҡ
˵꣬Ųףתߡ

У
ҵġף
в׷ȥˡ
һֶס

ԭһֵĴڣֻҪһֻֻϢһ֣ǵۿɼزġ
ˣһԶֱ޴ĵȷʵʲôĴڣӴԼΪȥ꣬鲻ãԲ˰ɣ

ʲô÷ӿء
пʼҧ˼
óۡúѧϰϣҵ÷⣡

εҵɵһΣƾԼ뷨ȥ˲ٱ飬һݱд꣬ѾҪ͸ˡ

ɣ˽ϵơ
еĶӶùУɣôûҿˡ

˵ˣϳԡɣЦд𣬡ˣū뻨ӹȥ

е졣
ЩΪ˽ʡʱ䣬кͽǶ鷿÷ģ֪ΪʲôҪȥϡ

Ͼˡ
ϰһ˱ǣΣȫǲԵģ

ʲô
ǵ

лͼ߽һ̲ˣϸŵʲûн䱻ֻһѩ׵ӡ
ޱҹɫɽụ̂çɽһֱൽߣĻǳ⡣
ºͣһκһա

ôˡ
ֻдؿ֪Ϊƻӳ۾ԭʱҫĵӨ⣬Ļû˵꣬Ȼһѱס

ǣ
ӵ˻ӭ޲ܳػӭ
ȴֶӵе˼㣬ͻܳĳȫʶɤӶ㡭ʲô

ط̫ˣ
бµúܴΪҪǲô³ʲôؾҪӿˣϲ㣡̫ϲˣ

ǳ׶סˣؼȻȴʲô¡죬һһԼ㡭˵ʲô

ϲ㣬ӣ۷Ź⣬ҵɣ


̲ûסྭڣһ˿ʲʲô

֪ûû裬ҴҲʲôڣҪиһҪģҲҵеֻϲذԴǰϲӣ

һʱ֪ЦãǸÿ޺ãĩֻ̾˿֣˻û壬ֱ۲ʹ

ˣ㿴е§Լ뽪Ƕһ

ǣ
ȣɿ

бһһɿֲؿ

ˡ˽һ죬˼գôܺ壿
ǼԼȥƽЩþһ˿΢Ĳ޷ƣֻо콫עתƿ˵ô䣬ÿ죬˾Ͳóˡ

׼ȷ˻УæӹĲˣȻӾһɨǧɨĻŭţġ

Щȫģû˸һʲһ濴ԵˣԾ¶Цݣʵóô

óԣڸɷļ϶ʵôôˣ

ؾ֮ҿûʱ³ˡ˵ţʢһԱϲĶˡ

Էõģȳ˸뱥ȻźЪһȻӣϲ㣬ϲ𣿡

ʢڶֶס
֪˵ġϲһ֣ĻǺݺݵ֮ȻҲ΢΢졣
Ȼصлֱ˵

ģ㲻ԸȢңⱲǵˣҪҿԵŮгĳصŮɣˣҾ˳ȥԲˣ

ǣ

ԾǸ⣬ԭʦͽת޲ɣתΪŮҲܿɡ
ԽԽ⣬׷ʣô

룬Юһ˶⣬ֱԷ





53.     ϲ˭

ԭٻȻֹýǻؼҹ, ҲζôʱشѾ
һٽأ񱾾ͷæ뿪ôʱ, ֪жѹǰ, ˽ҵӵҹĳ֮, ڻңûһߵÿ
ȫԤԼؾ֮жæµ

ҿûʲôʱȥԺ, ԼҪѧϰҰѼ, ʲô, дü뽻, Ҳȥõӡ
ڻؾϣǾϸ, õıۿζ磬ȥá˵ûд󰭣ʵٿԲܲμ, ֪ô

תתҸ첲һ˿͸, ԾȫȻû⡣
ӼȻ, Ȼǵͷİɡ

ǷŲ, 벻֪, ԼǾԲĵ, ˽ʵľûӻúԹԶ飿
Ǳ̨ǡһҿס, ܲһС

ڱһ;Ѿ, ʱǱϰֻ¸޿ܡǵС̷, ʧΨʡ

룺ǡ

ʵԼû뵽Լ
ỨʱȥΣܿͷָõĽ̫Լʽǡ
Լ벻׽ǶʩʲôɷЩ飬ǰһͷȴˮһͣһ߿Ҫһб󣬳Ըԭÿһսһͷ鷿˰ҹʱһ۲ŷһҹôȥˡ

˵֮ڼҹּһҹ˯

ҲԼһ
ΪԼְǶŻвҪû뵽ÿľš
ÿڽҡԺ֮䣬ѻеʽǣٰѽǵĻشС
ʱҪ͵ġ

ڻʳǱڣ˴еţһֻֽУֽʢһöͨӨıǺ«

룬üͷ΢塣
ӣŵʱ䶼ӲģпճЩСģΪ˲£

̶꣬յ˿𱸣æ˵ȫıǺ«رóԣһţѡģ˵һóԣһҪ͸ӡӰ£ȥ
˵űҪȥջأǵѾһֽȡ˹ȥڰϡ

ͷĲסһ˿Ц⡣

ƺҲһ˿ڣһ֮࣬һʵЩӡʲôôҹʲôʱ˯ģ

ӣԴӽɣÿʱȥ鷿ûٰͨˡӲٽʳڱԺ˵⣬ֻ˵Ȼɲסڡ

̧ۣʲô

æûʲôµĴʵ΢˵

ǣ˵

͡ʱȥãԹûʳ̫
˵⻰ʱõһֶ

ʵҲͦԼôѻ⳶ͷģôã˭˽жæʱжϰ߻ʱԼ࣬˵һϻҲһ¡
Ҳ˵ʱ΢΢ɵ飬ڿʱæµĹԽѣ̲ס˵䡣

΢΢˶٣ֽܿдȥŽŷ⣬롣

*

дԼȥһãΪͽԴӱʿ䣬ͽű󣬱˴˶սһڱԺѧġ
ͽÿľ޴õĻʳÿػˮ˵ǲá
Ƚǽʱ򣬻óԵҲǺܿĵġ
λǵҪ壬ҹˣԸɣúøв

ɣ⻰¾˦˰ӣԺͶɽ亣ζĿҹٵģټ֮ǰǵθڣûжõĻʳҲ᲻θڣ˷ֻǺһЩﻹرԺúóԶٵġ

Ȼͬźɵ˲ߵſڣ洫󻶺
ȫ򣡡
ÿ춼У
ۼƴ꣡
԰

ȥһЦл˵ý˷˵ͽ࣬ӽÿնһˣ

Ҳһڲ겻Ĳʽˣ

ȥдŵʱ̲סĩ˵¡
ȻȲϷӵգҲúܲ˵Ǽңӣôõļƣ㽫Ҫٰ

ţ΢΢̣¶һ˿Цݡ
дһֶӷصд£ɼǳԵÿġ

һʣʽǣɣ֣̽ҪüӲˣΪҪܼƵ壿
ɣζһۣ˰ɣкߡʱҪЩ˵ΪЧˡ

룺ôЧͷ
Ȼڲ֮û֪ɣѾ뵽ַӣÿһֶȻȻάסӵӣûӸжС
Ȼ˵ˣǾܣй©

ɣ
룺㻹Ǻߣ
Ǻġɣ˼Σ̾˿ֻ⺦ҲЩ

*

ת۵˴ʮɣѾ˼Ժεø⻪¹ŵϽžӪϲա
ȻôӪ죬վ޷ıԺʵ

ƽﻨлȥţȥҺǼ꣬÷٣ڽңȫٻͨˣԺʣɣͼżǿ֡

д鷿Ժﵽŵټһϲʽź֪𣺡ӴԲۣǹǰɣ

ɣͼ뻥࿴һۣڱ˴˵жһ仰Ļˡ
ټǵӵڹֳϾѲֻһ˹ˡ
磬Ҫ˶ڣȻⴥ˻ġ
ɣæɤӣΪвˣǽӿ˺þء
гһ£޲ڣóԣأôòˣôûоƣ

ɣͼٴλһۡҪƽ
µģһŮӶԹ꣬ȵƣܲ
ɣ˰Ѿƶ

о⣬гԵúǿģкˣ£һԣŸʲôôһˣһ˳Ե˵ֲڣû˹ǣ
ɣͼͬʱ롪ǿջЦ

ʵڲΥ⣬ټЩȻֺǺǣʵСᵽǣִ˵Ƥһɣÿ죬ͷ£ȺȺȣӵģһһ𣡡
뻹еԥڽңعأ֪֮࣬Խ

ɣһѰ£鲻ôʲôùܣѻӺ忪

ϵľƣӹ˭ȣϻزǴһܽȥ

ɣæȥ
Ժ˵٣Ӵιɺ׵ģҲнʮˣһӣֵسԲ
ɣĴ£Ƶɣʮ
ԭɣлһǧֻҪˣѰǾǰӿȥˡ

Ȼ첻ԸûãȺ£ɣȵ۷ֿʼŻ߶߶Сʱ¡
ҲͰˣƫƫõģ붼ˣӲûŮˣʱԼˣɽȥ·ģ

룬·ǱõַȤģϲ˭

ϲľܲסиһ̳һ̳ضԺ䣬ֻѾʹӻ˻βסȻؽڻϣϲϲ㡣

ɣžƱͷ͵ͷԣϲ㣬ϲˡ

صͷǫصֲһ𣬲ȷʵͦϲҵġ˵üͷϲңǲҵŮ˵ֲ֣

ɣͼ˵ѵضһԴʱҾԵĴԺѾ⣬ֻܵؾú񲻴ԡ

˵Ͱ׵Ժ¼ǰǸЦʵ˵˵ӵʱȥ·˭ţ

ʱӸոյ̨Ѿʦ޲ڣӴһȥһģֻһǲֻ֪˵õķ˲óԣӾ

һδˣԴȻһΣһ˹ȥ
ĺϣһֵȵ档

һֻ޳ֵ֣ˮһ˿
ǽǡ

ӣ־ϲôˣɣǶ˵æأ

ǵɨɣȵ滹Ҫ
ɣľ˲ˣ亹ˡ
ȻһӢľһ˹ȥ





54.  ѹ   ѹկϵ

ƽʱ˹۾ǳ, Ǵɫ˵廨߶ûС
콪Ǵһ״̽, ǽʶ, ڵƹҫ۵Ĺ⡣
ƽڼһֻһͷϴȴһ쳣Ľ, ڶһŻԲ顣
ƽʱĽһɽˮĽȴһƿ

ⱦ, ʢհ
̾, ļһ䡪Ƿеķ

ǻ˵ʲôˣ, һ˿ȡ
ûʲô, ˵㵱ƴš

ԹȥļͼٻԹȥɣ
㲻Ҫ˵
ֻ˵ȥӣƴʲô

ûУǼǷԵش, ԼԼ̫ˣսȭͷ, Ǻˣ˵˵, 㲻Ҫš
еͷš

Ϊ, ȥɽǰԼ, , ǳԸıһС
Ľ, ˽Ψټ
ӿͻ, ټȴҪ̫ѧ˫, һ翸𽪼δص

ô˵ýе⡣
ô˵Ŀⶼʮ, ͵ãһ˿ϧζڵƹӨᣬһ̶ˮ
ƹ·Ŀ˲ͬǽˮУǵĿͣϣŲ

ɣ˵æúܣҪ빬칬磬Ҫ棬Ҫһꡭôпչ˵ţ˸̳ȿھůůӡ

شæֻҪġ
ܡǺˣſϵģеϵģ޹졣
΢΢üһ󣺡ߡ

ƣƣ
æץ̳֡
ͷķ䣬Ҷ죬ֻʹ졣ϵĽߴҹɫҲƯĹ⣬ž̳˿ھƣ޵ӣ㴩һÿ

ǰ棬ûд𻰡
֦ҡ쪣ƵصҪǴ컢ɽ¹һҪġ

ǺȻ仰е졣
һμ棬˵Ļ
Ҫ컢ɽһҪġ


ҹɫĺ͸֦ϵľӭҡҹͬþǰĻоǻþеСŮ

ڹͼ϶˲پƣ֪ҹ˷ɣǾʱŷɢֻǽůĴˮУҲǣȥʲô

ǵȻǡйϳȥѹկ๫
ŽüŭǷʲôģΪѾһⷽĻ⣬ͱȽ״̼ǡ
ĽǺȫû̼ܵһؿ̫İ̫ϵ飬ֻӳŵĹ⣬ȡ

ǡ˸ʽ
Цģæȥôܵ๫ǵѹկϵ

֪ǲĴ⻰һڣǵ漴Ϩˡ
ɹ

ҪȥĶʡ
û˵תߡ

ǰ鷿
ûԤ鷿ûеƣȥȡʯǺȻá

һ㶣ƣĨڸʲô
Ҳüǵ

ŵĺ͸ֽӳһҺڵģ񡭡鷿

ǿüǿ尡еƶûˡ
û˵꣬ǱѾ̳ȥȡֻ豭
ڵĵâ£ֻˮƬʱƱ㵹ˣһǰ

л棬丵δǸɾ
ӹȻǷӡ
г˸ĴָƱһ̾˿Ѳ豭ƹȥһ㣬ʾ⽪ٵһ

㷽ź˶٣ʡ
಻࣬㿴ѵúܡ

ǣ
֮ǰڵϷɼѾмˡ
쵽ǹ꣬ҲԸɨˣһ

аѽǱȻֻǿһɣ
ҪȵʱȻȾչغ񻹵˵ףƴǣɽϵʱ˵췢ơ֮࣬ôﵱȻҪ룬صӣףҵʦ

ǱѶƱ͵˴ߣһ٣ָˡ

ϲеѽôѧˣΪĲҽʦ𡭡

Ǵľƣ˵

һ˿ԵĲã̹ԹþƶԼ죬ȻҲͷˣԼơǡýҪָ̳պֱϡ
һ򽲾Ůܲףһ¾ǱƵģԻΪջ֡
ȴƫƫûУֱָϣĵ¶ֱϵļ̳΢䣬ĺůů

̧
ڵĵâŴ͸밵彪ϵ飬ֻԽԽ̡
еͳС

ţ

֪ƻԵĺȷô
ʲôȷ
ʵʮģ˰죬ҲûнĴ㣬ջ֣Ͼƣ꣬ʲôԸ

к̵֪ⱱˣⱱͥĲƱ

أ

ݲ̫ңԶ£򱱵Ҷ˵ѾǼңԶĿˣʵ벻ûʲôˡǰԸүӮһΣƨûУһǷı䡭

ǺȻվǱ߰ɡ
УȥĶ

*

Ƭ̺󣬻վ˶ķſڣȻԼ۾
ϻǴֵһңĺׯ

ȥ˿ڿˮ
㲻ӮôѾӡ

룬Ȼ룡
һǺˣȫҪĶģ
û뵽ʮȺµ

ҹĶĳȻΪ֣˱Ƚ϶࣬ǹͷϽΪԣͳӻˡ
ûǮзӡ

ڶĴСһ£ĻŭţĴС򵥴ֱθڡ
ǽǮӵǰ
Ǯһ򿪣ͷĽ¶ҫ۵Ĺ⣬˵ߣׯҡ

ĳϵڰдơŵķ򣬿Ժúһס
ϰҲˣű̺һƣһ֮£һ˾˽ǰ١١
񡣡ǵúһѣ󷻲Ҫźá

ǣǣǡϰһشӦɱĨӸׯʹɫׯҺú̺

͵ȲˣץһѽѺˡ档

ߵ㶼ԱߵѺʲô
дһӣɽӣѺʲôӾϲ󣡡

ૣ֪Ϊʲôһֱˡ

ĵƹճз˫ü۾ϵɷһ󣡡

ǾؿĿЦ΢޹
ǮȻǺܲõ£ģǱǺܺúܺõġ

ׯҼȵ˷ԸȻʮϣһѣ󣡡

𶯣һ۾ػ飬챬һЦץŽǵ½󣬡ӮˣӣӮӣӮˣ

һӮǸʼ뿪ķʱ򣬻лﴧӣȫӮģ
κ򽪰ǵӣšһ¡

ǣʲô

šˣš죬㣡

ҹĹ⣬ָ̧֣
ˮ·ָ֮ͣ棬ʼ٣ʶҪ֡

šץס
޷ءһ¡

ʮʧĲۡԲۣȻôҾ֪ҲӮôǮ

Ļû˵꣬Ǳͷ˸ӡ
СءһסԴ

ô
ģлϲʼԼӮӣͷҲڵļӣѼӷŽǻעµģǮģӮǶ԰֡

û꣬ͳȥӱ»صԼǵЩġ
жʱ۾ģ

˫۾̫ˣѹϵǳ
Ȼ

дϲʼһһʮԼˣģ֪Ϊξý뵽˹СԼܵɹ
ֻǿĵС£Ҳ÷ǳǳ

𾢣ȻһһֻǮ
ǽֻ

סˡ
ҪӮǮǷӿЩСǮ˵ͨ
ԼǮʲô˼



ǵƽ꣬ѹǮ





55.     Ҫ

ǰ, 糤ڵ˶ȥԼҹ꣬еʱоǴӿɽͼӻ־ͰǴˡ

Ȼ޵, , еءʱ̾Ϣ
ʮ߿һȥ緹ʱˡ
СС, ز󣬽Զ, ˼ͬʱ˱Ժ

˶ΪῴһΪľ, ֪һžͼԺŵƽ, ֪˵ǹ, ֪ĻΪ˳ס

֮ǰƺ˵ҪԼȥ棬⵽ǰ, ӿŵһ˦ֲȥĶ

ɺͽԶһ˻䡪ƣʵ˵߲䶼ѡ
ⲻøǮ𣿣Զ
סԶ, ŵ, 㵨Ҳ߯, ӵǮ͵

͵ʲô͵еժǮ, ˵, ʵĽ, ǿҪ̵ȥ, ǷӸҵѹǮ

ɺͽԶճǮĽ, ӱ󣬽, ҡ
૵磬ӻͽ𡭡
ˡһڻؾжæǲ֪һͽѾˡ
ԶҪˣҳô󣬻ûչøһöͭ塭

԰飬ȻǱ԰ڵ˿ˮԽ࣬԰ڵ˾Խˬ
д˿̾ͺˬ

˹ذǮһϡ
ãůůģɹǮҲůůġ
ǰǮӹʱ¶ȡ

ϰͻرԺֻؽȥˣбǮһ˯ﶼЦŵġ
ããá

Ǯˣȥַкص˵ɣȥļң
ɺͽԶˣ棿Ǳ··õģ

жʱ·ǲиӣ

ǡԶһ

ǶϲӰ
Ǿ·ˡе

꣡ɺͽԶ
е˭ȥһ·糤

ԶӣʱæøøƵģֻ߲
ɵȻֻҪ˵ȥ·ӷҲҪ
Ըȥһˡ
Ȼûã糤͸ˣ糤žͻȥ·𣿣·𣿣ҿװ͵ģǲڿҰ

һЦ˭ڿ˭һ񡣡

˻ϲأӵŻгš
ֻǻûӣͼʻ
һǽǵģһġ

ʣǵԻͶĿ·ֱս˻еȥҲûԻԻͻ̲ͣסӣ

һֶֻ죬ֻ۾
ڣʱʲôиĵعȥ𣿣

ĳƿǵ󣬡Ҫţ

кԼһ̵ĸоֻǿ˵Ŀ޲õͽַ
һϵ֣Ҫȥ

˵ϣɷɿӣҪȥ
ԶҲæԶԶԣҪȥ˵Ҫȥ顣
糤ҲŵûûҲҪȥ򼸱Դȥ䡣

ЦӺﴫӴ̽ͷǲɵһȥʲô

ȡǵԲѧҵá

ɵһǽұͬһȥɡ

ɡԶ糤

֣ϳ
Ҫ˦ˣס͵ҧ磬ȥִַҲò

ǷԼȥ·أǵҲõ֮һͷųԯһԾ

һȥں

԰ɣҪȿݻǿҲҳʤģ
Ҫ̽ͷȥƣǺȻ֣סͷԴѹ˻ȥļ

㣬㡣

ǱǴһҡ
Žȥͷж죬ССͥԺС¥¥飬¥ϻרŵңϰĲ顣

Ҫ¥һҡ
ɵ˱˴˴û£ȽǾˡ

ȻǾȻ˱˲ˮ

˾֣ǰǽټôе𣿣

Ҳʹ˸ɫ
Ǵ󳯻ᣬۣиʹЪǽ֮ʱ뿪˳ž͸˳
ͷ磬ǿû̫๦浢顣

΢΢˵ͷʾá

һֻл飬˼ı飬ϲرߵӾ£˳𽪰ǵıӾͺȡ
ǿȥѾʮϰߣüëûжද¡

ˣ

Ѿиս⻹֣ͬ̽Žһȥ顣

ɽ鱾纣ܵһҹȥǵ͸鱾ļ϶רעӡ
Ӵϣ⣬ÿһ綼ǾӨ͸ġ

Уˣȥ棿ʡ
Ҳû𣬴һ֣ŶסǿиĿڣӲصǺǺǡ

ɵؿڣӴҵ

ǵͷҪǱҸ￴үҪعˡ

ɵˣŶ𣿣

ȴһʱûӹ飬ͷĪе㲻ᣬ·ȻǺģһѧҲܲ㡭Ҫˣ

ǵͷǰ˵ݡ

лûӣܴܲҰһûȥʹء

΢΢ʧЦ֣ʹصأģ

в鲻Ը֣̫ԸˣֽԼ뷨ֱӺԹǱ飬ס˽ǡ

ǵһɣ鱾ڵϣડһ졣
ʣգϸϸĳ裬ÿһճ˽ɫ
ǳˮУ⻹кڣһ˲䣬һжʧˣؼžֻʣӵůΨһĴڡ

ӣе᲻ߡ
еԴǰмƵġ

Ǵ֪˵һĿȫˮѾ޷Լ˫֡
ҪסҪӵڻǰٲſ

ȿȿȣʲôˮ˺ȵ𣿡

Ȼѵѣ˽ǵ־
ܸÿθߵĶǱ߿ȫõ

ѾҪмͷ֣ʱı˷ƿ
ֻһ򵥵Ķȴľ˽ȫ
Ǳ飬˵ԼĺȻݵúÿ飬ˡ

˵꣬ߣӷɿ죬Ӱ
Ϊ£ֻҪгɣ㲻ˡ

б߳һ뿪ͷƵġ
˹ˣڣ죬ãߣͳ飬ҪƵġ

Ȼһ̧ͷͼ˿ͳһĿɿڴ
Զૣ֪øΪʲôѹǮˡ
糤˴Ĵָ磬ֻ֪û뵽ƨҲô
ɳ˼Ҫӵͽܣȵ𡭡

У
һʲô
һˤϣߣȥ·





56.  ַ   Ҽҷ۹

, ¶Ҫãû뵽ʦҲôôõʦ, ϵ¶˰ɣ
ڽǵ, Լҵںͷɣ״ؿ, ˵ҪܶôģҵĴС²絽ôھô

һñֱ, ۾˵ʲô

̾˿ʼҿʮ־, Ϊʲô鶼ȫԸ, , ʦҲ⡣֪Ȼ;빬빬빬, ȻֻȥԺһۣǰ֪Լʲô

ĬȻΣ֪

֪㻹, Ƕ齫Կࡣ˵̾˿֪֪ϲһܵʲôζֵܹ, ʵڲ뿴صҵĸޣ

ϲǽӺ, Сϲ
Ҳ֪
, ļ, İ, Ҷ֪

³һ, Ҳڽǰ, Żᵽ£غ롣
˶٣ƽһ, ϻ˵ھǴ꣬ӣٹҪ˰ɣ

ǵָ΢΢һųȭš

ǼһӲڣԴ֮󣬹£㳤ʲôƶˣϻ˼ǰ׷ѣúý̽˼ұ͵ˣԵȫǶġ

ڽǵĶ߶߶žǰعŵĽԶԶر㹪

ͣ£
ǺȻһϺȡ

򼱼סƥͷһ˻
ܴһߣЩԵæסΣôôˣ
Īд̿ͣ

ͷȥ·ǷԸȻͼүȥҸ٣˵岻ʣʧ㡣




˵֪֪Ӷˣ˰ɣ

֪ԼʲôǵżЩ٣ƽĿȣү³ɡ

ҲӦһץס⽪ټѵ÷һη裬ôܴҵ뿴ܷ赽ʲôأ

*

·
·ܴ󣬵ƺŮǺƺܹ
ԼӵļӺܴ

ǻеóȫӡ

˵һ飿
Ͷ䣬Ů

·Ůʮֽεģģշؼһʱ

ҵһҲеĲˮôһξҪͿˣ
˵ŰǮŮǰһӣȫǣϿӳǸʲôʲô㣡

ɵΪ˱ԼǱȣһֱŽЦʱҲ̲ס׷ȥ滨е죺ڣôģ

УôַǿǮô

Զ㣬ǲСַֻǮ·ַĹɲǮܼŵģҪθ·»죬Ȼʱʱһ⣬ȻҪĻҪдʫʫ飬ӵۣſһ棡ǧǮˣȥⱲӶˣ

Ŀɿڴô鷳ӵҪŮ飿ҪҪٸڸ㰸£

⻰û˵ֱ졣
ŮС·ѾѾ֪дԼʲôɫȻ벻Լҹۣ첻ٶ໰ֻǷǷ뿪ż䡣

൱˦ˣԲҵ굽ôģȻǳյģǮ͵ðսǶĹɱǿˣ

Զ꣬ǹأĹزһַĺǧһǳ¡ǵһͺȺȾƣɣӵġ㡷ĪҪˣҲһء

Ӵϣвȥ̽ôˡ
קƼȣٽ࣬Űѻסˡ

Ƣÿ죬ȥø죬ģ鲻˵ֵãüЦããǾǣñǶĺ

һδˣͷһ֣ҵһɺˣӣ
ӣ
ӣ

ӣ˵УֻнԶַ֮жţ΢֪һϸɻ󣬡˵ӵС¥졯ֻпȥķݣǴ¥ӭ͵ģôᵽ

糤죬ˢһ¾ͳſڣΪʲôܲô˶ϴ϶
Ҳ󣺡ǧѼһ棬һʡǧ𰡣ײ

ԶҲæȥ˼ſڣӶ¥ƣһŴͣǸȺ߹ˣһʱ䶼˵
һǺȻع񣺡

ȸڼϣôŮˣÿ
Ļ䣬糤һԲǲˣ

𰸺ܿˡ
ʻӿ
һſڴſڵĺɵһˣ뻮һһµؽӲһµؽͣڡڡڡ

žƱת۳ſȥ
һŮվ⣬һ£ȹճʮֿͨװΣٶֻɵţһֻʽʮּ򵥵İ
Ѻڵ㣬ȴǰ׵˼㡣½ʵʵֻ¶һű񻹰׵ףԼһ˫ɵ֡

ڱʱҲַĳַͣŮ޲ഺˣÿ˶û֦չʽĻǵһμ
öôƯǿÿһ˿ÿһĿġ

вԾ˱ӣ°͡
ҼҷӡǺ۹Ⱑ

һ֣ԭŮʱʧɫ񣬻һӡȻȻ˿

ӡʱ֦Ůһ˱ٽ£һΪ䣬ٰǰ£ټǳԭɹʢ飬Ҳӣڴ׳ˡ

ԶԼøóһƯӦֻϧӵķ˹ˣ˵ĴϤڽӲ״̬Ǽһ֡
ֻһͷ³ɾȻ뵽ӣ
ǵһ·ͼӣ
ʲôˣ

ǲ˵нӲˣϽɣǰʲô㴵еޣҵô

Զ˺ٳȥסе졣
˭ô˵ģ

Ȼֻ΢΢һЦָһΣɽ֮Ȫrr

*

һǽ֮ż䣬߽ͬ¡
˼⣺⵽Ƿĸʽķ裿

ڴһָСЩã

רΪΪ붯ӣֻڽǣѹƾҪȥ̽ǵţĪô

ǵס֣˵öԣ£Ҫˣ˺¶ھʲôԸʱٲʵ֣Զûлʵˡ
˵ʱƽͣ·˵һȻѰ¡
ȴһǰδе֣أջֲ֣̾˿ǲ˰

ҡҡͷ¶˼ǳǳһ˿΢ЦԼһһ
ǵġ
ⲻǲ
ҩ
ҽޱ߹¼ŵģΨһҩ

ڵˮ㴫Գշġ㡷
ָѣѧһ޷꽪ӺݿգһĥԼ
Ӻ빬֮󣬽Ϊֳڹ㣬˼ʱӴ١
֪Ӻʱ𣬳˽ǣӱ㲻Ϊ˵
ݣҲֻиŽһʱһ

һգҪڳٶ˸ʾȻ΢һţӷડһ죬αǽڡ
ϱ˰ɵƣ֧պôڱǰ

ҴˡڻеԴһɺ˶ٴһҲʹõġ

ǵЦ⡣

ǰĿɿڴŽǣ鸴ӵ˼㡣
Ѿ벻һοЦʲôʱˡ
ңԶʱʣԣͽ۳ң֮¿˴һģһĲЦݡ

лδпϣͼϵЦݺʧˡ
ߣÿǽڣҲڴ춯һ죬Լ

һ⶯ֱȷˡ

ĸڹ˵˵˵
еŭص·ֵĸӹ





57.     ˭ҲûзӺ

һǽڡ
ľм׷, ̳ż˶ľ

żĺɵ˸֪Ϊʲô˵˵߾, ȼ߷˵Ҳ΢΢סˡ
ǱżǼ, ƱڶĻУ, 㡢㡢ʲôˣ

ĸҷӵģһ̤ϰɱ, ʡ㹦, Լվ

˲ʣ㡢㡢˭

, ǸղĽǣ

˴󾪣Ҳ, ǾǳӱӵҲСˡ
, ʲôСˣǸͿˣڼ˵һ˷ڰϣһ, ̧ͷ, ӽټҼûзְʵȨҰʲôʲô, ֪ƨ֪ΪԼ, ҵĹҰ, , ǸͿ桪

Ļû˵, һǯ, 㵵۾ͼǰһףСС, ۾ԲԲģھӼҿɰСӣֻϧüëȫǿµɷ㡭

ҡ˻Ҫ˵ȴԼҲûлˡ

еֿסĺһһλ
Ӳߣ־ٹͷ˻ܽżأʺ޷ǵͨ죬

磡
ɡ糤ԶæȥɽеסְʿĶͤ

ҹ˭Ķӣʿʲôˣݺݵҵҵҷӣ

ͤƴֻϧе˿ôҲѡ
ǰʿӸλ̵ʱͤ·ĳͣЩСܣ컨Ƶء
ʿһ̨ͤҲʵղ֪ǴŪ˵ǮЩ˶Ѱؾյķ⡣
ϵ·˭Ͼ֮⣿һ֮£յĺһͤ⡣
ʱȥ˸ż䡣
ͤʱԼ񡢻˺üʫȴûмһı£ʱžƾȥڡ

æס
ЦӵĿ˷Ǹǲ

ͤ䲻ܳȥȴûţˮȻ˽ͷϡ
ʿڽȻ޼˽ǣѣһ񶾵

ԭ˵һҲ£֪ǽжнš
ö˶˵ǽںȻ˵͵ԹɵСɷ˵־Ͷ֣ͤСۿҪ

ȰλүܹʵǺģ˵Ķԣʵڵ氡

˭ҲҷӣдȣҲУ

ɵһƲãͤеľҲеˡ
æúúòвУ˭ҲУȰ˷£Ū
һ˵һ糤ͽԶʹɫͬʱȥͤ

ϧ˼ҲǻеĶֻ֣ͤת˸ȦͰ˦˵ϡ
ֻż⣬Ÿˣвȣһ¡

ʱһִֻԱס
·ĵƹůﴫлͷͿ˽ǵ

£ǵͺȣ

ӣһת˲㣡

£Ǻȵ˽һ죬Ź˶ãĸ첲Ҫ𣿣

ŷԼʢŭ֮õ֣ҼȷʵʼʹˣƲƲ죬Ĳ鲻Ըͤ
ͤˤڵأȣһȣһָŽǣǡȿȿȡ㡪
ĺǼ磬ûڣһϣһæͷһߡ
⵹ǶͤжôԭǣɵͤȥҲѲ˸ϵ

˲˸ɾûڴһֳʲôӣɺͷ糤Զ˿˴ˣ˿һԷŻض
˶ⶣŷ£Ͼ
ֱᵽɤ۶

˵ͳһþ֡
Բô£ô
ץǹַ𣿣
±ץ˸ô죿

ôˣҼ磬ʵ㲻ǻعô

ûлشֻ˻֣¡

ǡżĺɡ糤ԶҲվűߵǱżӡ

ɵɴ⣬Ȳڡ
̫ˣȻڽǰʲô£һ˶

̾˿һżķš

ӴŮ뿪ߵűߣͷ˽һۡ
ǶֻõǵĲרעؿǸС꣬ӽŵĵһ˲ʼ߾ûƿ
ûм

ŮشţŹϣӵߡ

˶ˣзе㲻ڣΪؿ÷·ʲôҪ
оʲôʱ򿴹飬޿ơ

Щ΢ľȫˣ̲סͷȣôһȾƣͻ

ǰһ
֮ľ뱾ѾһϢϢţûк̲סһ

һֻһ룬Ǳס˻

У
Ǹʲô
ƽ˵֣ӣҲҪǱ˦ôˣ

ţȸоϵĴУȻʮֻźһнߴ壬ġ
žᵽϵϢϢôϤѾԴ۾ֻҪŵ֪ڣֻҪ֪ڣбɵؾúܰġ
Ϣպһ˿˿ͬűᣬųһ˿ͷġľ

лȻ򣺡ӣǲǺˣ

͵˰ɡ
ǵߣǳͳǳͣ΢΢𶯣ĸζԾе㷢

ӵôô
̽ʣˣ

ûлش

ҲŶ˵꣬ھܾڵĻᣬֻ첲סǵ

ۣӱԭָо

Ǹߴģһֱֻ֪бŵʱ֪жߣжССһֻȪȪҪ
ǲСʱʲôӣ˿ڽǵĻȴǱһСССӣðȣܰȻ

á
á
˭ҲûзӺá

ֻһͷ
֮ðڶôãҲҪԷӺá

ӣ㲻÷Ǹ쵰ߵģ㡣еһȥͰץᵽ趼ʶҾͲջ

ˡǵЩҪ

ʣʲôҪ

ûлش
ΪЩɬ޷ڡ
һһĲ

Ҫ㡣
ڱԺ鷿Ϊҵס׵ıӡ
ַż䲻ڮһ䡣

˵ʲôʲôĲҪҪԶҲ㻤ǰ㡣

ӣûеõ𰸣ߴ١

Сͷزķ˿͸һ˿ľ˵𣿡

߱ҫϸϸϸˮǻЦַһξϲԻ⿪һ֮Ρ
۾Ը





58.     ˫ȫҲͰˣȻ

ڶһ, ˯㣬ߵš
һ»жǸĹԱżŻ, ʱɣΪٵ, 
Իһߵ, Ҫٵ
ȻӲѹ԰, ÷ż, ȥȥ, ӵ
һ, üһϻɻҵһƬ, 춼ûء
ɣϺͿ˰ɣгûʲôȥ˯ľȥ

ٲ, ұ빬ˡ
⴫峿͸һ˿˵ᡣ

һͦ
ӣ
أԲ, ´, 򿪷š
ԝĶ峿, ǴŹ, , º͡

Ĵȥʹ־ϲ

ҹ˵ôֻһ, ǲԵر, У䣬Ź, ѡ

ǺȶôһΪأعŴѣһ洩һ滹е㲻˼顣
֣ʹصأģ
ʱ˵Ļɣ

ھƻûѣ
浽
ڣɿϴϣٴҴҰ緹͸Žһ

вסǡ
ö򶨣ʲô

λжŽƵʱ򣬽̲סʵʲô

ӣڻô֪ȥʹô
ʡ

ŶѾӡѧҲѾӶţҪء
ƽǴϳıؾ֮·ǳˮ졣
ʱȴǸⰲ֣ǣֻһڻʻ

ڷӣ߰밵е۾ԲģĹ¿ˮ١
ǰһֱ³·Ϊ˷ʱ䣬ǴŹ·ײ鷿㡣
ɴʱȴϣʹԶЩ·ٳЩһֱȥԶͷ

ΪҴȥʹʲôʡ
ѾƣΪᣬȥȻԼùᡣ





죺ȥ

˵ҪӡֵǱʱҪ¸ĶȱˡǵѧѾˣȥһߣʱ㣻ڸáеݵĹӦ仹нʿĵΣҪѧġ

У
ڿȷˣûѡ

*

Ҫֵ٣ҲͷϣֵļԱǹʵһ
£ܾλϴ
ҵ亹˲ðˡɣģ𣿣

ȻʲôҲûᣬͬǱ˴˹´֮ϲȻӽ˹
ע˽ǵӻˡ
ǰеǼ룬ڻһλɡ

ḻʵľϣó뱱ҵͼȻ˰ɳ̣鰸ϣȰЩ˫ߵսͬдŽһ飬Ȼһһʼɳϸսľ幥ԡ
ǽķʽ壬һִ壬һִ壬ռһַء
ϵͼжɳϵʵսȤ²ô!

ɲ
˵һԴСĲûаëƵķеķ˿ĪأֻҲСëһ¡
ƮƮģġ

˻˸λã鰸ڲ࣬һСűһʶ˳ӡ
ᵽһ˿㡣
дһ˿ˬᡣ
ϤζȫǺ«

һΪȫͨݹ꣬һûǺ«Ȼþˡ

þıӴ۾һ·ѭζָԴֱߵһֻ
˳־򿪡
ָֻո룬Ȼǰסˡ

̧ͷͼüͷ壬úϿΣɷġ
˵ȷʵܶûڸʶʱܾܿͱסˣڵǽȡιһĻô£Ϊû

ǡ֣Ҫȥġ
ڽ΢΢һջֵʱѸײڶ֮ƣһ˳롣

ѾĶسڻǰ

۵һֻСӡ
װǺ«רõġ
˵ıǺ«һģΨȫѡĴţõĶСӣһһţһ޶޷ֺš
Һ滹һī㣬ǻ˸ģ˸Ǻţü͸ǡ

аóϸ꣬ȷȷʵʵһû𣿡

ҡڹٳӦʩΪ糣һ˿ϲʳ

ǿζһֱ嵭̽ĽͣԼⶫ͵ʵЩʧܰǻһֱŸʲôҰˡ
˵ӾҪӣǵĶȴ죬һѶ

̫죬̫ûое֣ӣ
вȱ𴦣ӡǵԻᴦá

ǡ

ûпǣǷɿһʹҪҪ䣿

еע̱תˣ۾⣺𣿣

ֹ֪ǿԹ䣬ÿ乬סһҲ˹ܡ
Ϊʹûˡ

ʵ۲ڣ󹬿һˣֻʣһȵµСӣ
Сֻܼ꣬ԼӾѾܲˡ

ȥ˿֮ǰ糤ס¡µ
糤ر֮żҲںȾƵʱֵ˵𾩳Ǻͻʹ£ᵽģԼס¡µǽӺӵ
ֻûȻȥ˵ææҹˣСڹ̫ˣˣ˭Ҳ岻סū˵С˽ڹУ㶷ǰˡ

λΪƫԶ̫ʺϸס껻˹ҹҹޣֻа˯ðȣֻһֱס
СÿҪ˯һʱ˯Ҫһʱúãʱ岻ãǻ
СӲ֪ΪϽǣεÿֵܺܿƽ

кͽǸŹʱ򣬻ûнžСӵĿ֮֮ʮ㣬ħݡ

Ǽӿ˽Ų޵ȴҴ˳֮Ȼ˿ֲֹСӣԣޡ
仰ֱ˻ߵСһ˫ۣءһ§סǵĲأ겻ҪǣҪ˾ˣ

ã˾ˣԣþ˾˱
ǰСӱڻһʹҪһˮ͵Сӿڱι˼ڣС޵ÿڸ룬űӹԹԺ
Ȼ󽪰ֽСӲ˲ӶҪҪԵģ
Сӵͷ

Ǿ棬졣ǰһ񱩵Сħͯһ˵ĹԱǰ㶼
ôô̾˫ȫҲͰˣȻӣ

ǵ֣Сꡣ
бŽһꣿ

걾Žι̸⣬һ̧ͷһ˫۾ŻУŵ㴿Ȼĺ棬Ҳûзڹ˻ʱֽ뿹ܡ

ǵºͰʱǽ֡ߺֱҲû˸ҽˡ
ΪʲôȻһ־ܺסС˸ﻹ޳

ΪбзݡǵǸصĵط˭ҲԽͷȥ
Щǲɵ
Ϊǲɵû˸Խ׳ءǵֱ䣬˼ƽϱգһ˼ƽϣ浽й֣ҲҪѲƤ

ԲۣˣѹֻʹôôǮϴǲԸѹͲ˴ĵط

Եòˣιˮе꣬ϲʲôҴȥòã
ֻ۾ŻУڽǻԥһ¡
껹ǵø߸Ǹ߸ߵġֵܣԻ塣

вƺǺţ壿
ǿ˿ҵĹˣѹһȻл̣

𣬽лͺã
Уˣûء

㣬⹬Ĺعˣ۲۰˵ϴ󶼽и߸ˣֺʲôأ
˵ǱܵزݣеðˣΪʲôϴи߸ߣ

ϲ׵ø߸ߵģϲ

Ŷˣһ־Ͱ˹
˵úܣҪŵÿ޳һ˲㱻߸ߵ

Ƿ׷׷

ȴΥڿշЦ߸ߣ߸ߣ

Сˣǽŵص仰̫ΣˣҪиһūϧǻҪСأ

ȥɡ
ĿڻкϣĿҲǡ

ϷʹҲٴ档
Ͼ·ϵΨһѪκʧ
ڻеȻֻһӡ
ûʲô壬ûʲôӣǸСкСкϲЩ̼СϷ

ֱ£ܰһӵĶֻģ

ûг̫ͥһ޴÷ʢɫĻӳŻкЦݣ·ԴһâΪһ⡣

Ŀ޷ƿ
оԼЦƣֹ

ܺҪůҪɣҪ⡣
Ǳܣ޴ֹ

ֻǣЦݺܿסĹҲȻ̡
ĹųԭվڹŴһؿſ֪Ѿ˶á





59.  ѱ   Уˣ

һת, Ҳ˽ԭ
Խԭӡʮ̣һֳԭűӳ齪ǵ龰
һ, ûסꡣ
ҺýǷӦ, ֣һסһ롣
ΪʲôЦ, ĵÿЦ

ճλ̫ȥ, ŵ, ԭ, 紵۽, ȥɣ, á

ϵǺҲʮᣬ겻֪Ϊʲôȴл, Դڻмϡ

˼˰¶ϲءԭ΢Цŵ, ҿҲʮͶԵ, ֪ûпȥ

лû, Ǳǰһ, ؽе, , 뾩ڼ, æϰϾˡ

ԭϵЦݲģֻŻУôæ, ң
˵ҵĸûʲڻʹڻʹѾƹˣм뿴ʲôģ
ƽǵ˼ԣ˳ŵͷ

ǿϧԭ˵ţڽϣ̵֪ӣ£Ī˻ؼϸףϥֻһˣ壬ʹã

ǻǡ
һֱƣֱԭ߳˴ţֱ

̲ס𣿡

΢΢һ㶣Ϊʣ

Ȼûеɣܾŵġ

Ƕһ£ϵǧ֣ȻҲǧ֡ΣҵĸףĶӣһԶҲı䡣

һ浽뿪ʹڽҴǰͣ¡
³ʱ򣬻һס䣬ӣҪҪ㣿

䣬㲻صȣȻرԺɡ

ؼ𣿡
Ȼûɿֻ۾Ͱ͵Ǵһ˿ζ治֪ĸ˿һϸϸһ¡
˵ؼҡ
˵ǸҡȻָԺ

ᡣǵЩƣָԼʶһ㣬ȥһǻ˺ܴ;ĵͷʦԴСḧ˸

ȥɡ

*

ԭ鷿λҵģ鷿⻷һƬ
ƹ鷿Ĵ͸ڳвкϣһ֧֧ɿݵĺҶһӵ˰Ĵͷ

߽鷿ߵ鰸ǰ¡
鰸ϷŵĲ̣Ǳӡ

ԭдţδͣͷҲûֱ̧дŽҹɷӡſ򽪰ǣСˣչÿɻ

֪Ըܷ

֪
ԭϹһ飬ϵıӣߵǵǰñ˽ǵ
ǱͷԼĸס
С󣬸Զ߸ϣһ

ֻ֪Ĺǣ㵨ӲСԭ޹ȱϯ磬հһɳʹǣ㻹жپϲ׼͸ң

ǵظףӽһһֱֱ뿪ǡ

һأӱ뿪°ͣžһ·һ죬š
ͬڱ󣬼Ĵʹ񵶷һţһ˿Ѫʱǵǡ

ǣֻһˣʵĿˡԭҸһᣬ֪ܸģĪɡ

ǵɫɷףʹǿҵʱȥҡҡͷ

ܺáԭеı飬ƽֱ𲻴һ˿ڶ޼򽪰ǣͳڷŵλá

˲ڱʱ弸űӵķ£ֳס˵棬ǿάסԼء

ô
ԭͷƮ䣬ǵĶ죬źǸˮ洫

ǴϢţǰ亹֮£۾ʹ
ءһһֱͦˣάס˱ֱĹˣٴҡͷ

ž޳£λ÷ֺѪӶպصҲ֧Ųס¡
鷿Ľǵ߱ƷĿ⣬ҰҡΡ

Ѿʹ޷ȴһ˿ɷ뵽˱ԺһоǴӷ˸ǱķУ׼͵Ǯ

ʱؿڷ£ȴõ鵤ҩݵȴϿµʹ

ҹɺȻڣټλǷ糤ʦãȻշ磬ǷһɵˣһƬģټ¡

ǽ㼸꽣аʦ֮꣬ҹɶΪ㿪ˡԭűӣָŽǣһ飬ǲģ

ףٸʱ䣬ҪһԱս½
ǿڣȻǽԭҪĴ𰸣ûƬ̵ͣ٣ԭӺХ¡

ֻһΣûڽǵš
ǵס˱ҡ

ԭ۾΢΢

ҹ˽ԭǰ

űӣһһźΪÿһºǰʹӾ硣

ףֻޣһȱϯ磬ҴҲӦܷ
һһֵصÿһֶȴٰһޣձ޷ȥ

ǣ
ԭϵתΪ˷ŭ˳ӣȴڽ˿һ˲ʶĳǿ٣δ䡣
Ҫ𣿣

ףĶӡҲã޴ҲãǸҲҲܡ

̧ͷƹӳͫڵǱѩĹâǸףֻҪµʱ䡣ºһиλٲһ˿µʱ䶼ϸУҵ˲أԣԼ𣿻Уҵܣ֪ԼʲôʲôҪѱһʱʱñҸô

ʹǼƣ˵ǿƲסشǣ˿ڣ۵亹ֱûͣ£Žԭֱ߱Ŀףûһӱܵסˣܿ𣿣

һѪһֳҲղסӣȥ
־ܲסľʹнɢɾʱ˻е

ӣ

ǡ
ɢ־ѵ롣

Ȼǡ
һϣǸߣԶɢһɳĳů⣬ÿһοᱻů

Ҿ֪һ׼е˷ŭҪɱ㣡
þץס֣ûץֻץסӡ

һѣʱԳóɽϻմѪʺѪɫӳĲ԰ָϣĿġ
Ҫǳص㡭ߡ

жŽԭۿҪҲҪ㱨𣡡
ǡҸס
ң㲻ҹɵĶ֡
ÿһҪӺȥУޱȼѣǵ㡭

˵ˣ֪ˣ֪ˡŴӾŭ˻еڲ˵Ҵȥҩ

ҡҡͷŽԭķ򣺡סһսĳɰܣ㡭ˡ³ç

Ļû˵꣬Ϊʲôϣʪʪģȵġ

ǡô

Уˣ

ǽԺһͷ





60.  ĥ   ӽˮ𽪰ǣ

ݽһ
Żе, Żвͣӡ
ǴܣԹ䴩УȻ總֮, Ҳ޷ѡ
ʱ, ˦֣γ, ǿֲӭȥߺҪɱ㣡

У
͵, ͷһƬ亹

ӣ
һ˫̷סļ, п, ǹϲ

һ˲, Ǽֲξʵ
ˣˡ

ô𣿰һҸȥҩ
˵űҪ, һסǣ˿ڣټϷü, ǰʹѹ
ȻǽңѾڸ׵鷿, ԼԷ, ΢΢, ɫн
֮ǰһֱſڴ, ԼԼĸ첲˯, ѳһ޵ĺӡӡ

ôʡ

е, ҵ㰡, һǸ쵰ϵֳô졪

˵ôڽңǿûرԺ𣿡

ɫЩ԰, ȴڣ䡣
һʱԲ׼ǲˣʱЩ֧᣺Ǹ㲻˵ϻô͸ɴһȥҵ㶼ûҾȻüҽˡ˵˳ҵŵģҪͷҺˡ

΢΢һɭϣı¾ܴҲóԵͷȻм·ûˡ
ƿӣ´

Ҷס˵Ҫģ˵ʱôҵģԼ˱𣿣

ֻſ˫۵Լǰһ棬۾ùԲͰشϵļơ

֪һ˿Цˣؼ
е۾һˣԶԶԣؼңȻؼҡ

ǰһѾͰѽǴᱧ
ǣʲô
ˣܶұؼҰ

Ǽ£˭˵ҲܶƤ˶ѣˣ졢£
ôųţҪҪˣ

¾ͷʲôͣЩˣеشʲô

˭ˣǵôã㻹ǲ֪ʦص

Ŷذˣе죬һʱûվȣһ£æȥļȽϳһ˳־ͱס
Ȼ͸оǵȻһ

̧ͷӭϽǡ
ǵͷӷ·ȷŻҪЩҲ·ȷŻҪЩ

У
ˣ
Ҳô̲סʡ

Դպ̽Ļǰ˫ֽýʵʵһ𱻹סĺĺؿһʱ˺
ûеõشԶԼʦصɿȥΪطļ硣

űʱжôůʱ˫뿪жô顣
̾˿֣Լ䡣

ϲɫܷ

߰ɡһִļϣỺᣬؼҡ

*

ˣ
ԭ鰸̧ͷ

ҹɴ׻ǡ

ǸѣȲˡԭıͣͣ̾˿ŮҲͰˣдӷ֮塣ôҲˣ

ҹû˵

㶨ȻڶԹ̫ˡ
ҹɣ²ҡ

ԭһۣѱù
ҹɳһ£ȡӣʵԭǰ

ԭҡ
ֲ԰޳ڣһһָпС
תȥԸ

ҹɴ۾ת
žһ£ӳҹɵıϡ
ҹһһԡ

֪Ϊʲôôԭʣ飬ȴΪ飬ҹɣúð

ҹɹ£ԡ

꽣ҵӣҲô
ԭһһ㽫Ӿ̾˿
ҹɣÿ˶ԼݣԼ¡ǽԭǽҼҹɣǰ죬ǽǣǽټҪһϺõټ㵱˽ǡҪһϺõټ㵱һøס
⺢ạ̃Լº֡иëǾʵ̫ˡǽӣĳҲ޷δĽҼǸĳһͻҪҲҡ
ԣҪһһĥĳ䣬ӲݣҲܰĵذѽҽ

ҹߵף֪ԺҲ᷸ˡ

ųһţԭ˵࣬ӽ̿̿Ѹ࣬û

ңռʤӣսʤľηͿ־壬Һοԭ˵ţ⣬ǽҴŵķ
ҵĻľأߵȻǵ뿪ԭ·𿴵ˣһ˿Ц⣬ͿܲսʤԼ̰ˡ
ܣΪջһϸټ
ܡ
ְսʤ

*

ǰѾ˾飬ޣڶǿߵļޡ
ԭЩ빬мϣŶӣвУҶۣҽ벻˹ˣ
ǱԸɣȥ򣬻̵òãʹôƣԼ֪ģ

һ£Ȼ뵽ĳŮӲŻеۣϲԾ΢΢ȣձúЪŰɡ
Ȼһյ潪衣

ֻһھˡԲ

/ǽȥˡ
˵˽⽪ǵĻ̻УסǱ빬ӲȰûõģȻȡƻ
ԽĸԼĳ̶ȣԵĲһҪƵģֻǲ˼ʡ

ж׼ǰķڷô£
ûһҪȽ
һ̤Ҵȡ

һɢڿУڵ
λϣԱߵͦΣǽ˭

Ŀѩһ㣬ٿС
ǺȻͷ磬ͷš

У
ȻȾܡ

վסǵͺȡ
ֻûת۱ûӰ

Ҳ̲סЦ
յ㻹֣

ЦֱٽһУԺϲ˭ҪǵӣͲᱻƭˣ
ûȥˣȥ
ԼߣԺѾû˻С

ȥûһ죬͵͵
Ķط֪ŽԺţһԡ

һ̧۾ͿվͥУҲ֪վ˶á
סӣһֱң

˵أ
ԭΪ֪üëһ۾һɣǲɵ˻˭洵ģɣأأأأ˹Էɻ𣿾ôͷ

ֱ׳ļƵнסڵ˭
һ˲Ѿڵɱǰ̧־ҪѽǱ

ǣ
æˣҪ֣

˭֣֪֪ǵ˼ùĴӣ֪Լ˻վﴵ磬֪ǵĻҪȥӣӽˮ𽪰ǣ

кúܴ

Ķں͵ɣȫˡ
ֻɺ׷·ܵĳΣϢɹԺǽȥڱˡ

һؾ֮󣬽ǲŻعӲؿڣǡѵң






61.  հ   һ

Ҳѵ, 㣡еûӲģȻۻ, ˾͸úúȥ, ȥʲôʲô磿ǰôҵģôԼ͹߰, Ҫȥʲôȥͷ, ˭ȥ˭ȥ, Ӳȥˣ

, , áɫ࣬ͷ, ϻǰһ仰˵תںڻָҵıӴ, ңǺõúܣ

⻹㣿ŭ, ܲԼӵ, 㣡

һִ, ·һ, ס, Ǳ˭ӭһȭ

Ҳסˡ
һǾȻһֱͷ, ֪˶õ, Ҳ֪ͷͱôʹһ٣ŷӦԼڸʲô

ƭ˷ӻ, ѷ˸Ѫͷ

㿴ңҿ㣬ûڡ
һʱ䣬㾲

Զɣȴǻһڳİڰ֣ôɢ
ô
ղˡɣЦеߣøȥ

ж⣬ͷĶԾͻһͷ
һͷĹ򣬽תӡ

У
ˣ
ô壿Ҫ
ȥסȲţ

ȻûãǰͷĽǺȻվס˵ͷô
ͷֻһ룬ĵƹճ
ȻϻǱýģѾûһ˿ŭˡ

ǣˣ
е۾һӾæȥ

ΪʲôͻȻͲˣֱ뿪춼ûŪס
ȻǺ񲢲£ֻǸ潪ġ
ؼһ䣺Ժʲô㶼ֱӸ˵

еŭˣңཪ
Ժƨ

֪ô£ͷֻмüëüë۾۾
ʽǣǵˣ

ôǵǱ£֪ô
ҧǰǣҵ֪۶ôСͳֻһأҪǶã

*

ھǵ£÷ɿ졣
ÿͽֻͬͬʱ˲һǾǽϳ˯ʱ

ҲԽԽůˣľԱŷĿ⡣
һ죬иŽȥʹ׷󣬼һŽ

˽ǵϰߣҲûţֽʴֽͼʼĹԽ־ƽ⣬ѾҪ˼òҵ
ʱڵͷ˼нӹţͷҲû̧
вǵһظᳵ·ţһһۿʼ硭ʱˣǴɩдģ

̧ͷ˹
ȷʵǽӺݵš
ͽӺݵͨһֱδϹӺݻὫսµĳﱸԼ߾ζдŸҲὫüصдУͨżԱ˴˺Ͷµ˽⡣
һ˵еݡֽ׼׵컢ɽѾӪ׼ʼˡ

ɩ˵ʲô
дչ°Ǽһ飬ֿš
ôɵʱԴһᱻƿ콪ûС

ĿŵģȴǴ͸ֽһƬա
ֱġ

ӣǰ˻Ρ

ǻعϡ
дûп
ޱ䣬ޱʹ

ôˣ̲סʲôˣ

ûСЩƣȻ΢Цһ£УѧɣԻرˡ

ĿתؿȻס
ǲڵҪʦˣ֡

Ҫʦˣ㲻ôʡ

ô᣿

Ҳ֣ҪˣٲôΪææˣⲻǺ¶ôеΪʲôЦƵģ

ûС
˫֪֡ˣϸһһŪ¡ţԼ㲻Ըɿ
ѧɣҲУο΢΢³һѾ糣ղ빬ˣȥʰң·ɡ

һ㶣ߣ
ҪѧѾѧò࣬Щȥ洦һۺţһƽ޲㻹һѺѣػҪ³ȥɡ

ҲǣգǷ
˵ţҲкһӾԾȥ
ɾ䣬أת۱ȥԶˡ

ڳڣȻֱͦȻƽֻǲ֪Ϊʲôֽŷ
֮ŷ֣Ϊ΢΢
׽סԼ֣סԼ

αأ
ߵĵһ֪һ뿪
£ףÿȥһ죬뿪ӣͽһ졣

ڣһˡ

*

һλɢףÿӹңԼҵļȥԻһ̤źȻͼŽǡ
̲ס˿ɫʱ㲻Ӧڱô

ǲţǰһƣ߹ȥ˻ΣѾˣǣôˣ

û¡ǿڳĿƽֻǲ
Ϊ£ÿһӡÿһƬǽ桢ɳÿһСġȫӰӡ

㲻ؼҽ̵ĺͽܣ

ǶƱһ
ȥȥģʻԺſڣȴȻе㲻ҽš
ʱƻ裬ӦѾǻϣʰװ
ֻ뵽棬ľʲôһ£ȥ

ȾƣôǰѾƱصظϣȡ
ģ֪ˣһȥȡƣһȥڴʲô¡

Ƭ̺ȥ˻ŻܽˣСˣҷŻˣ

ʲôһ
űŰɡǵһЦձհɡ

һѾˣˣô£ôŵĻд̿𣿿ˣ

æǲǣûд̿ͣλӲСİѳˡ
һ˲½˽ǵʣ˵ʲôôˣ

ҲߵˣδӺ򶨵Сʧ̬ʱ򣬴һԳԵСҲɣæžȻء

*

ԺĻѾȥˣֻʣ̡
кɣһȫƵģͷң潹ڣ
ۣɹ˺üަɰôһѻû˰
ûɹǣʲôɣһۣȻüĿذοУӣ£ӶȻģһʲôǱԺٸһˡ

һƬãȻҿ׵ġ
Ѿܶˣ

еңӲڡ
ֻͷûת꣬˼ͷһס

ʲôʲôʱôˣ

ǿȫȫβվһĲƵعλں˳ˣô£

ҡҾȫ򡭡ͷһӴѰͷһĸɵݣϽͳˡ

ǣпȫǿɣ

бûˣôһ˵̧ͷˡ

һǺڻңŸԴͷɥվţǾҲת˲һƮˡ

ӣӿΪ³ѽɣ˵ΪôֻҲΪһءǻԴһ㣬һʱûסͺˡ

һ㡭Ϊ³

ֻöˣⲻҪô㣬ˣҲˣ

ǵǱµ֭Һסˣůһʱͷ΢΢ס˾ڣ

и˷òʪˣһһ滨вϵĻҡ
Ķϸ¼ˣἫˣоڲһ񣬻һ





62.     Ļߵ

֪ΪĶ̫, ̫רעеĪе㷢̣ͼӹ, Լɡ

, ǾܾС£Ľȴ˵Щͬ, ÿϸϸ

ΪʲôΪ³
ʡֵͳ, ·졣

Ϊҿôֻ, Ҳ㿾һֻһʹ, Բס˻ķӡ

ûǾ, ֻʣΪʲôҿһֻ

£ֶǰͷ, ʵ㶣ԼҾչô࣬ҲΪʲôͽ鱦, Ҳȱ鼮, ôҲޡ
˵Ȼס, һԴ, , , ǻʰð, Ȼ뵽ҲԲ㿾, ȻرԣȻǲǿԼһֻһ㳢ҵ, Ҫ῾ˣڱҲܳˡ

ǵ֮ҪеĻû˵꣬Ըоĺе㼱٣ۿƺе⡣
ӣ
֮ľ̫пᵽĺԼ֮䵭ľ
Ⱦˣ

ǽŲԼ࣬ѾšɵĲˮ鼷ŷ׵ָһһµΡ
౻УѪ

Ϊʲôһһʡ
ܾҪޣæԹԵͷ

ʲô𣿡
ͷֻ˵

ȴֻͣһ˲˲ȴһԲ

ҪΪʲôʡ

Ҫ㡭ÿһֺǴģ쳣ѣ߬Խˣ΢΢
һסǸġһе뷨Ǳѹ̫õ޵õХ
Ҫ𣿡

סˣû뵽Ҫ󣬡˼ǣھǣر򱱵ˣ

۾ԲԲģһ͸࣬һ˿ʡ
Ŀ£Цˡ
ЦһһɢЦ͵͵ģԽԽ󣬱Ц

дûмķӣ̲סһ˿ĻţôˣǺ˰ɣ

ҡͷô

ղ˵ʲô˼

ֻǡǶ˶٣ȥֻ뵽ڣߡ

Ļû˵꣬бһϺȣã
һֺ࣬
⺰һһԾһѱס˽ǡ

ס
ĸԶʵݺӡôůôůôů˹˲·ܰڻ

ϲˣдЦݣкóԺˣ

ͺɡ糤Զ˺ȾƵʱҲܹܲߣ뵽ϷһյţϾؼʰˣȻѾܹһ춼ʶһĺá

ʵյŵʱûʲôоȾƵʱᵽܹڣȻеźҲ˵϶ܡ
ʰʱȻе˵ĸоЩȫѹϣһĳĲ׹

ɴ´һȥˡ
û룬ѳˡ
鵱Ȼ͸ˡ

ڣЩ̫֮ɢӰ٣ˣֱѷӱתȦ

ȻǺзִģôһѾǷܽܵļޣٸתȦڿ¾ûùˡ

лӣɿصȥЦݲתԽżѾԺУǻ
Ҽҷ

ھףվţãſĲ
Ѿůˡ
һ˿̵ġ
չů

*

˵ڣһգһԺȻһȥߡ
糤һֻ޴ӥݡ

ԶЦһ˷ʲôݣ
糤˸ۣ˵úƵġ

еô
⻰أԶͷ糤סˣȻ׷Żµı顣
в⣬ɹЦɲҵԧ̣ڵķҪİŮһŵģܷɶԶ˾߶Զ

Ÿݻôི
ϻкͷ糤뷨һ¡ģӾŷݣ

ĸ˵˵ЦЦҪƽȥʱȻںСǣȥ·ҪҪһ

˻ͷͼͽǲ߹
糤˵ϲ£죺
΢Цԣ

ǻ˵ꣿڶٻˣ·Ⱳͷһؼ
Ҫߣȴû糤磬߰
еַȥöˣڻͷһعȥɡ˵žͰֻݽ˹

ǿȥˣһУ
˵ţϲصˡ

кȻҲˣһΪʲô

ȥֻ˳·ѡǵ
ԭǡȥˡ
Ƿǰһ·˵㲻ʲô糤ѹιһΣѾ֧־޿ˡ

ֻѻʧˡ

пֻݾҪߣǽסϳ
ȻҲȥڰ
ǿǴһҪĵ

Ѳְ֮ӸҪ£ҪȥѲһǽӹĴݣ˳·һ߰ɡ

Ѳ飿ʹ
´մһɫԲͨ䣬ϵŰͷҲδڣֻϵһ۷ͬɫķڴ΢΢Ʈ
ƽ˹ٷ߳ϳɵ·ӣлǵһοôġۡ
ģɾҲǵƷԱ

ֱģý΢΢͵Ϳһ΢Ѳ飬עĿ

*

³ڣʱǻںӱϴ壬֮ڵˮʹҼһֹԷЯףѣƽϹڡ

Ǿһ굽ͷֵһ죬˼ͲúʱᢣСҲ֧̯ӣʳģݵģ֬ˮСģˣյġʤ
ľǷ̯ӣʽĿͷ׶ʣܿ˵ۡ

пһȦʮο糤ǸӥȻרŶģִ䣬ûһ̯ӵܱȵϡ
˼ҪѷݿˣǸڷŷݵ˶࣬ķִֻûʩչȭŵĿռ䣬Ųߣȹ棬Щʱ˵
һξ÷ãȻܵ

ҪôѲ飿ҪҰæôʡ
ǿһۣҪĻҲǰһЩ

Ƭ̺󣬻д̯Ͻӹը裬ǴӺɰͳһСӵݹȥ
Ƭ̺󣬻д̯Ͻӹ˶ǴӺͳǮݹȥ
ûãѾԹ˲٣ԣһҹһңǿտգʮɡ

ǻеһμǵǮͳĲǽ飬ֵطŽҲûҵÿ
ȻǷӣ׼ȫ

Щ֣̲סʵӣͿ԰㰡
šǵͷ㿴Ҷˣע⡣

Ҷˣ㵹ǲǣĵ㲻עⰡ
һƬĸŮ˲࿴۰еҲſ

̲סȰӣҪҪ·
΢΢һ٣˿Լһÿô

ǣ̫ÿˡгĳ㿴㱾ͳˣһ㣬һǿѹס˲ڶа㴩

ǿ΢΢һ㣺

һյ룬ʹ﷢ĽǱյ뻹Ҫ𣬻Ҫ㣬п̲ס૵ߵġ

Ǳ߰ɡ
һ仰Ѿ˽Ǻͷþȫѹס

һױʹͽ֪а͸а

ᣬһ˿Ц⣬ڴյ°üһλŻʦ

кһڱʹһʱʡ

ġ߰





63.  Ե   

³ĵƺȳջҪһЩ, á
뿪ǵʱ򣬲Լ˹ȴͷˣ˺ɡ

ɶԼ;й׼ķн˷֮˳ýҵ, ҪǨǧ, ΨһĽݾս
ڵһգɵ˵˸, ܿҪͱҿսΪ˲ѧ

Ѱ˼һ, ֱѡͻл졣

, 糤ͽԶ͵ľͲǻ, кɡ

ڻ֮ǰ, 糤ͽԶΪ߹󣬴ûаƽĺɵ, ͬʹ࣬˵Ǹ빲׽Ѹ޹غ

˷ͷ׼, Ӧչ˼ˣһʱѷ֡
̽ͷǸ׼ô, ҵأ

Զø綼׼, õ׼ʲô
糤Ҳ, ˵׼, ϶Ҳýӵġ

ʱֻ˸С, 뿪ʱ򲻵, ǻһӸ͡
ʱǰ, ֪ԼԸЩʲô벻סͷǡ

һҪȥϴǹٷ, ƷۣƮƮͷñֻ¶һصһķ޽ǡ
ӻǶֻĲһսһֱûڡ

вڵرߣ׽ŽԶͷ糤˲ţҲܣҶֵܣƾʲôûУ
һϸһ

ƻУ磬ڿ㡣
ֻûٽԶͷ糤
ٴѣ磬ӿл˵
е˵Ķ˵ˣûʲô˵ˡ
˵뷭

ɵ磬Īڶ㽪ӣ
꣡ʾѹһˣûҪȥǸϿߣ

̶ˣæ
һȭھǵӳɸλչˣ߶ţҪȥ棬ǵñ컢ɽţһȥĺģ

糤ͽԶȦЩ죺磬ɣҪء
˵꣬򽪰ǡ
ھ׽˱ǽǣҶ֪˶ȻлҪ˵
ֵֻǣ򽪰ǵЩ˸ˣҲĳĬ֮⣬ûнм䡣

ѾҪתͷſڵȵȡ

һĵãǸָˣ
æˣżأӣɽģˮٻ
˵žҪһǣǺȻץס֡

֡

񣬴΢˵ķ˿°ڡ
оʱһ˲̣ϣͻȻõһδйӽǣӸ£ǵôǰ

īüĿƺ

оԼĺһģصһ¡
ˡ
ؼеغһ졣

ԼҲ֪أһŵʱͷԼҿǣ˵˵ֻ°ڽߣҲҵһ£Ȼ㿪ʼʹ
ʹú֣ϰһߣȻس

Ϊɣ
һΪɣ
ǵһ
Ϊöָ
컢ɽɳˣĶģû׼ȥ

ڣץ֣һʱ˵ĻҡǱʲôƵģȻ˦֡

ǵֽڰգʲôһһ㰵ȥ

һ¶̫̫ԼòԾʮֽӲأϽ˸⣺ǡʲôֻҴˣû˭ܴٵң㲻ü뻤ңҴԼȥˡ

ǵ۽޴˴̧ʱɫ糣ƽȥǵΪ˻㣬һӸһִĸˣӴ˹ãս֮Ӧó

סˣ㡭һӸң
Ϊ㣬Ϊ˱ս֡ǵžһ㣬ûһ㲨ԺҪһɣ
˵ţ΢΢һʾ⣬
ֻǲȼȥӣɣˣﱧ˸ΪĴӣūūһȥϷͷмķǵԵ˵ȡ
һ˵һѺӽС

нӹĪеɬ㡭ҵģ
ˣݵġǿһֱƵﻹй©һ˿ᡣ
Ϊ֪һ
ϣġ

еʧľȻ˿˵ǣֱԼ޳Ī

ţ֪˿Щֵֹȫ³ȥ򽪰ǣϸŵǸֿʼе㷢۵ĳ̶ȣҲûԼܡ
ֱֱؿѵ͹ˣҲǸ̵ˡ

΢Цӡ
ۿͣеȵģġ
ָоǰǳİ
һΣڽʱѾ֪ʲôζ
ǿ֮ǰ߶ת



ֱ˦ڿѾһǰҲûлͷ

Ϊѡõıսתۼֻʣһ̳εر̣ӰܿԶȥһֱԶһСڵ㡣

һֱվԭأһδ̡
ֻĿ⣬һֱҰͷĺڵ㣬ֱҲΪֹ

Сء

ᵽ˼㣬ת˲ƮɢڷС

*

ȥ·ϣɣϣһֱҿڡ
ɱֱûʲô顣
ȥƺûʲôһ

ɣ֪̫һˣӺֻһ߿տǣҪĶ·Ѿڹٵ߱˳ûдˡ

ɣʾ֭˵ʲôȻƥ˻Ҳ͵һ٣ɣԴڳصؿһ£ƿӺȵʯʲô

æ⼸бܹҲûɲסû°ɣ

ڣûжҲûд𻰡

ǰվżСԼɵˣһ
Ǽӿǳǽũ˼ҵģڣݴԼ֦ϲ˲ٷݣЩӱѰһЩƷЩţʱЩᣬЩŷݡ

ߵˣɣ򣬽֪ϰԵģҲûΪǼӣֻ۾·ĪҪܡ

Żæܿ
ҪޣɣҲҪ³ǺȻ𶯡

ɣ˳ȥֻǼڵ̿һֻݣߣ

Ƿִ־£һֻ޴ӥ

֪Ǵ˷ݴϰף˴õδŮһŷݣ˵ݷɵԽԶ֮ԵֱԽ

ԣƬطŷݵŮŮʤ
йԹһӺóԵģ˻ƻʱ˶ߵòˣճټĵط㿪ʼŷݡ

ڶԻ˵ֻһΪȤĽգԽ˵ȴǾİ˿ݳһ졣
ǷһţǾ֪Լˡ

иҪһţһ˱ܿŴܵ÷ɿ죬һѷ죬һߡ

ʱģֻԱ߿ᣬͷ¶Цݡ

ӣ㿴ǵķݷɵǵԵ

Цã·ǰЦ࣬·ڶߡ

ǵġ

ǿźķݣص
㱻񵽣ȻûзɳԶ

ԭ֮ԵݣĿ

ꡣ
ֻðꡣ
˰ꡣ





64.     㲻˰ɣ

ɣһȺܵĽǻ費˼롢Բ˯, ˽׼˲ʳ
Ǵ߻֮󣬾ֱȥ˽ңûٻرԺ
õڿҲͣˡ

֮, 糤ͽԶ˫˫ýҵԶڻ˷в, 糤ؼҼү

ʱӲΪ˭ֹͣתǴ˴, תֽʼ
Ի뿪󣬽ʵΪæµ, Ϊԭʼҵһֵϡ
뽪ѹ, ˳Է˯, ǵȫûͣʱ

ɣ͹ز, ﰵĨ塣Ǿãܺá
ûʱ, 㲻ȥ롣
һֱ룬ս

ϣɣڽǴӹг·, һ̿ŵĲ
ʵɣû뵽費˼Ǹ˾ȻԼлڣԺǰδе, ɣææ, ȳʵ, ҸȥԺ, ɣе÷ù, ʵڲ֪ԼȥЩôġ

, ûɣ̲ס, ҲҶţߣҵ󽪰ǵʱ䡣
̾˿, ֻ

κһɣװѵĴݽʹȥ
ǽӹ䣬ȴִһ
ССһƬΣɫ


һƬҶ

Ҷ

ɣ³ƿļ϶Ҷ裬һֻֻɫĺڷзɡ

һǰʱҲҹҲķ磬ĻҶ׷УһŮİɱǰ
ӳ¹⣬ѩ
߸ģӡ

һɼʹһε˲䶴ࡣ
ͷһ𣬽Ƿһ͵͵ƺߡ

ɣ³һæʣӣôˣ
ڰûлش

ɣһżӱ̽ȥӡ
µĻȫס

һñֱùǣҹĹâ£ɣƳһѪ

û¡ɣ֮ǰǿڣﻹһ˿Ϣ͸ԵԼǽЩˡ

ɣҪȥѰ򣬽ֹסҵԼ֪æ
˶٣ȥԺ

ɣӣε仰ϲ

ʱ꣬Ժһӭˡ
̤Ժÿһ̤ûȻΡ

ȥʱҲҹѻԺ
񣬷ڣԺڣڣֻ˲ˡ

ҲǰֻһΣѣһʣʹǰް㲻ͬ
ýݼš

ӲڣɣҲ´׵Ժʱ׼ӭˡʱɣһԸ˱ˮ裬Ԥ̺ȴǲûȥ鷿ҲûȥԼԷᡣ
ǻеӡ

ɣæȥơ
ǽӹĻӣǰš

ƹһоůĹâ¡
мֱ飬ϸż̳ƣ룬·һ˲˱߽һ˯š

ߵϣ˷顣
һֵĶȴסˡ
һҳһ߲ϸɣ׺СС

һʱԼ۾
һֱڻеϣӲ

ϸܲģһͷϸϸ졣
ֻһ»һֽ
ǻеּ
ʹְֽձʣҲֻͼʱ棬дȻ˲棬ֻһ仰

֡

ǰ˸֣Ƿȥһһ顣
֪˵Ļʹϵһ··Ǳͻشһÿһַ·һѶ۵ػ࣬ÿһһʹ

Ըʹţʹдһ˿˿⣬뷢

һ̳ƣڹһڡ
ɣһᾪ°ͣΪǴȾƣһڣһڣ½ʪˣҹһߺֱ͸

ǻкȾƵķʽ
ǻϲܽ

һҲ֪Լ˶پƣɣ̲סҹʱſϣǿվ̳һ

ɣǵģżæͬ˰ѽǷطУȥ׼Ѿ
ûǿڳݲ࣬۾ܣѵúܣҵӲǣ㿴Ҷϵá

ɣæ˳ǣǣѵúܡ
ɽȴȻüͷԣԡ
ɣæʣôԣ

Ӳԣһ
ɣˣʲôѵ֪ôӹܼҵģ

֣ߵݽǣָŷ˸

ɣ̾˿ЩЪϢɣ컹Ҫϳء

иģȻҰѶͳ
ɣʹȰ˼䣬ֲֻáϷߣͳ

ˣ¶΢Цܺãܺãжá
ж˽
Ǹ˽Ͳµˡ

ڰϴ˯ˣ̴һ˿Ц⡣
Ц񾲣ů

ɣϷţ̾Ϣ
Ц⣬ֻʱй

*

ϰ߼Ϊǿ󣬽ǼʹˣҲȻյʱ
ɫδ
Եˮһתͷ㷢ˮԴͷһֻ󶴣ˮ

ɣ˽źŽǿǸæͣҹˣϷ򶴲ɡūҲʵûӡ˾ͺãū˰ϡ

ǲ֪ûĻһֱŷһ֮󣬽´ǵ
ˮľʵĵذϣʪһƬˮǵĽϡ

ɣѥӹȥ̺򣬽ȴ̤һվС
ӣɣľѵû𣿣ô죬ôֻ꣬ŵ£ūˣѰɣ

ҹȻúɣˮſֱۣˮʪͷʪ·ϣᣬڷ򶴣꣬ʲô

ɣѾ켱ᣬѾԲ׼ӵˣǷˡ

ϰɡǳ³һԺֱӰҴΣʲôᡣ

Ľɣ԰˵ģƽֻˣţȻȥ糯

ֻ֮󣬽ǺȻƿ˳ɣ
ɣæʲôԸ

ȥҳõĹײ̣һڹײġǷԸƽҲƽûƽ죬ɫʯϧܶؾͶأܶ໪Ͷ໪

ɣ״סˡ
һֱ뿪ߣûܻع
ү˰ɣ

*

û˾ýʲôͬ
Сһܸɣκ½ﶼܰ׵ĳһ

սѾ׼ò࣬㾡ȫֽ֧Ӻݵļƻİ̽ռйرе鱨ȫ˳¼һݣ׼Ӻݡ

һ˽ǵע⡣
һ˾⣬ñΣ̽Ӵλ˾ͨǳԱҰտڿഫ֮С

ϵȻûͨ񣬽ͨ²λ˾ʹûҩ󷨵ĲãУֲúʵͬл

սӺݵĲ֣пλ˾

ʱڲ࣬ÿſĹ˵ѵù㣬㻹￴ģ׸ӣ

ǲҪǲˣǺȻʡ
һôѲ㻹ǲһΣ

ǡ̧һȥ;ڸѣҪȥ

סˡ
ɣ߶߶˵Ǻ񲻴ԾԼ˽ǼΣԼˣԲ𿴿
е㾪סˣǣ㲻˰ɣ





65.     ΰ


һĵطѡнݡ

нݵؽġǰ붯֮ʱ, ıһֱһֻСӼ˱ʵ, д֮ơ
˳֮͢, ӸݵǰнݣͽС

Ǻһͽͬ, ߵһ룬ǱȾ˷纮, ֻиǰС

ͬеĽǴӸص, λµС˲Ϥ, Ը, ²ôСˣҶֵַ, һ·нݸϡ

ͬʱһӿҹ뿪飬㱼򱱷

*

Ǹϵƴʱ, Ѿʼս
ļĴΪ컢Ѿ򱱵ҿΡǽбŮɽ, 㹥, Ůɽ
֧ɷ糤, ƺƴ, Ȼϵ, ֮פŮɽ

ʵ컢ڴ, Ƶֱȡͥ

ٲ󲿶ӵ, õؾǸ顣
糤ҪобΣÿ컻ŷӻŷλɧŵо

İνǵ, ³컢мһӼΪĽҸսϿ˵ݺᣬȥ硣

һŲϮһӱұǶ׷û꣬ӽŮɽϿС
ͿձӻӪȾƣͷۡ
аףֻܴԣһֻ㣡
е׷ᣬֱɽȣŷֲԡ

Ų·ӱ漣ʧȥټȴʼΧ£

㣬թ
ˣ컢ɽֵǸ˿ڡ

ôˣ壬һҲԴۡͷ˿΢΢Ц
ǾǴ˾⡣
Ա󽫣һλǰӣһλλ˾

ǹǽ㣬˳ȥɡ
ǺòװȻҪɵңһĵû취ŷǵ࣬ҲԸɵ
ϸһΧϿб󷨣˶
㲻̫ӣѾƽ֮һ£䱸

ָأ֮ʹ˼ʸƿ֮
컢ɽװӦѸ٣һѸپŶƲӷо䡣
ժϵĹѭżʸȥÿһнԴһҽС

һ֣ԶΪȫӻзƽ
ֹ󣬵зļʸû֮ǰܼˣӵɱȻ˵
ͷΣоĴϣӱ㲻Ҹط˯һ

ֻĸо
֮˹ûѾҡҡ׹ĵղסॡһµϡ

ҩ뾪ҩۣǿˣ
ҳ壡˺һ䣬סӣԺ˸ᣬ¶һЦݣҩЧҲҪʱ䣬ε֮ǰȥͷ
ѵ뿪ŮɽΪͰԼնôһˣ

еȻû뵽в˷󣡡
֣¶λãңȴּѾˡʯ̲ݻ⻻λ֮ǰժϵİָע˳ȥ

һһƺߣǱұʿľ

ˡ
¶Цݣһ䵲סҩ֣죬ѣһһ
ˣȻòȥһԼֱһӣʹ̵һ飬һɱ

ھǵʱ򣬼ֻûǸ콭СмѣǰʵΣ̷
Դŷ֣սڻеĵطһֻ뿪˾µĸ¥Զա
ͷ糤ͬһˣֻҪڣκʱ򣬾нʿǡ
ʱھʿȫǱ˼ѪȫѧͬʱԼͬϿлصͬԶħһ

еıʿΪ˶Żţһټɱʱףˡ

δɢҰޣеû׷ϡ
ټʹֻʱҩЧʿǻǽӶһϵֻ÷׷ɱ뷨ʿ·뿪Ͽȡ

һʿзԸȻӪء
һ㶣Ҫ
жˡ˵ţ˴˳ȥ

㣡뼱æ컢˳ȻŽҸһ˹ȥ
ЦҪ֪ûһֻգŻصҲкӹ

ͷ˵Ѿû˵оڣճͷԼˣֻ˼бʧȥ˻еټ

㣡
едڣû¶ǲùңҵҾͻء

ûа취Һ󷨱Եֻóȡ
ʱһһιȥȴʼûг

㣡ٴδС
һΣֻĻûле

صسȥ
ǰӵС£Ҳػˡ

ƴʱԶ
ǲоķҲ컢򱱵ұԶ˲Ϣ
ϵô磬һǸͷٿǵ֪ǽҸ

ͷΪ˦һԶľ룬һȿڡ
ʱǼ룬ĸǶϳ˭׷׵ϥ񣺡ӣ

Ƿժ·ô£
뼱æһ飬ͳһ嶾£ȻժϵˮʪϵϣĶ죬˲Ϣ򣬴Уȥ󡣡

ӽҸϣڽӽǵƷĳʯ̤ƽĳɳѣƿĳأϿеԽԽɨһգڵһٶȻָ˳òһࡣ

ǿ첽嵽һʯ
ǿɽʯϿ壬ʯǵѪʯ棬֪޾ɳϣϵѪûиɣһ׵
Ϲһ˿΢ЦЦú㡣

İһߣȴųȭ
űĶȭͷſ¶ĵĶ

һöָڱ԰׵ĶĹ⡣

*

ԺԼһʯţϸһ
أǷĺãúܡ
ůⲻֹڴˣԱ߻ȼһŨصӻϴ

ӻεģƤصúܣһϡ
һתͷ֮䣬Եˡ

ʹ߽⣬Ұ֮أҲȻö£ڻ֮ʱûκηֱ
λֻĲϤĲ
רעƽ۽޵ʹһᡣ

ô̲ס룬ǻþ
ϼ˾ҩЧã

ץİԼһ£־

عͷ
Ծ۾ȥǺһ⡣

Ƿӡ
Ǻñķӡ

ĵˡ
úʵʵе㲻ˡ





66.     Ǿν

Բ, ͷҩе
ƿ񣬴չȥϸϸŽ, ǵ·, ǵͷҲ̫˰ɣҴûôΡ

ֻ۾ԲԲ, ڴˮĺʯڵ⡣
ǵ΢΢ͳμô

Բۻ˵
ͷͷ˯, һ, ֪ʲôо, Լ, Ҳסʲôӡ󣬡Ӧι, ˼Ҷ˵˼ҹΣҰʱͦģûɲһ, ԰ɣɾμҲûôġ
̲סָ
¶, ָ, ʵ˼顣
мҪʵڵ, תһ, , ôһ, һ׽ס, Ůܲס

ʱ̧֡
У
Ȼ𣿣

Ȼǵֱֱϡ
޳ؽֱ, ۾ģ·Ҫһξ

˴˺һŻع
ΣΣΣ

ķӣԭᰡ
һֻҲϣ̲࣬סЦҾ˵ôܻȻΰ

۾ϵЦ˲ã·ߵϿȻ䴺ů
߽̰ѲҪЦݿ̽ؾǣԶء
ʵΣ

Ҿ͡йЦֻһȥôˣ

ǣ

ᵽγĿ֣˻󣬽׽סֹ䱾֡

ɲǾǣҵɹܲң
зץס˽ǵ֡

ϤôҹߣΪ³ΪǡѧЩʱֲߵ̫ԣͻĶ֡
ָ޳ˡץ֣Լȥ˱ȣĻָһء
ץְ֣
ʵʵģ⡣

Ŀ档
ңԶıͿξûŮûнңûйءֻ

ӣôộʣͷ˿Ҳܺ찡
ֶֻ֣

ڽǿʼʱ򽪰ǵĺ㲻ֹͣˣֱһ˲Ȼ

ֻһ±ˣộ
ÿΣȻҪΪˡ

𣿡ʡ

ǿû˵
Ķ죬ôȣ
֮캮ضɱ⣬֮£ѪҺڣȣ

̫ΣˣʱƼͶͱǰߣϢϢš
һѾ͵ߵĹӣֻҪһͷס

̵ֻģҲ̵ģţĪҲҪʼˣҲͿؿ

һĨ֬ϴףͨûаŮϢڽУйŮױݶȲڴ˿΢΢

ûʲôֹڰ
סס뷨񳱰ϯȫ

֣ȴѡ
ǹָ⣬ʹǡ
˱۾ʱѾ

ԶǧΪһ֪ʱᱡ
һ֮ףϣΪЩʲô

У㣬˱ʲôԸҪΪɣ 

ض𶯡

ûжءһһشչˣٴβס˺Щһڿˮ

𶯡ס

㡭Ҫʲôǵ΢΢
ĿļУһϿҹ飬ҲȲĳ̶ȡֱˡ

еᣬ֪˵˵Լ𶯣Ҳ˵۾

ҡͷļԼСԡ

Ҳ֪ⲻãǾνˡ

С
ǻͼֹƵ㣬ȥ˵ǿܣջ

Ѿȥ

ɢţضڣȫеĸ֪·ֻʣ´һ㣬ů󻬣

ȫԼʶһ§סһסĺףѪţһҲġ

ֻһʱ
̵ؿȻ˵ڿɽǲСһǴס
ʱĸоѾǲˣֻһЩŵӡ󡪡
ӵ촽
ӵζܺš

ͺȻһΡ

Ĵһȥо˱סȻ󣬽ǵĴѹ

е۾ˡ
⡭ϴΡе㲻һ

ӵĴǺζҲǺܺţǡŬܽһ£κһɹɵ˳Ŵԣӳɢȫû취˼

ʱҪ۾
ߺǵ͵͵ģޱɳƣÿһֶĶͽ

з˼˳ӵر۾ȫķĻǽԼƶϡ
ֻص˾ǵĴ죬񣬴棬Ժ

*

ٴ۾ʱȼգϼŵѾˡ
ͺߣѿȡ

зԼʯԣǺʱһģһƣҲһĶ񣬶Լսϵ硣
ָġ
Ͽش㱻͵

տ⣬ҪҪ

ﻹеεģеһ
ż͵ǰ⣬˳˼
ǿľһȡ
ڣðͺһģһ

û˭ʡ
𣺡а
һ˭
ѱһָٷ򳤡

æǣǼôûӪԴ˹ԭǵʲô£˼֣֪ҩ

ﲻңͺˣԣˣĶȥ

ҡҼ˯ͦģսҲͦ۵ģͺͼһ£˯

пϸЩֺܷɵͷеᣬҲеƮ
ûУֻԼȻˣһû˶л㱵ġ

ԼϵѾ׵ʣ˭Ұģ
ͺͬʱڣң

һ㶡
ͺɻ࿴һۣͬʱĿڣһ𡣡

ͶȥӵĿ⣬ôС˿ڻҪһץȣһڡ
ֻһڣ˱Ȼס˭ģ

μͺɱȽĬͬʱһ𿾵ġ

š

ɸЦȻ˭غǺǺǺǡ

ɻ󣺡ζǷӿġ
ܡԶھǣܵ⣿

⻰ü˵Ҳ֪Ǵݼζƭˣͷӿһζ

أ˽סˡ
⻹ȴʡ

һװ׵ػξÿһϸڶĳ̶ȡ

ݡ
͵͵һ޿赲ط

ôˣеʡ

ˣסӾȻ˸Ρ





67.     ɣ

սñȽҪ졣
һ, ƴУɺ¥ϡ
ȫǵ˶ӭӵʤ컢ڶ¥ż, ԶԶ˱Ǵӵǰķ糤ͽӺݡ
, 񰮴ĵۺ

Ľ, кڲС
⼫ףڸͷ, ֵԱ, ԵΪС, ڼСƵġİ, ƣȴԳһɼԵš

վ¥, һžƱһֽƵٴһЩ׷
, ̧ͷ

ûж
֪ôԶҲֻһ, ܿ
֪, , ʤʱ⡣
Ҳʤе⡣

һܵġϸʹ, һֻСһһϸϸؿʳࡣ
ÿһ, ÿ࿴һ, Ҳһ

Ժÿһÿһ, Ŀֻ֮Ҫ⣬ͻʱ

, ʣʲôÿģ

ûʲô˵˵ȴһֵֺĸо
Լȫǵ˶ˣɺ¥ϵĴӶǹŵģӦûˡ
ȴĪãǶ

˵̽ľⲢûмһ˿䱸淴һ˵ζ

һɾͷˣ㣬ҪȥĶ

еȥɺ¥
ǿɲУȫǴˮϯҪϴһϯġǿ簡ɺ¥ĶóԣֲˣˮϯȥҲɰ

Ҳǣתͷ
ֻ̲סͷ
ԼҲú֣ԼǺþûɺ¥ţ˰ɡ

ɺ¥ϣǿҰ･нԶӰֵû
ķ򣬾˾ٱ
Ȼͷһ

ټˣС

*

̴ˣ糤ͽӺݻæµȴȫ
ڼȲ٣Ҳ̣ʱЩ飬˸ֵǴƺȺȾƣҲʲôʮġ
컢ɽϵĴܼңԷؼ˻еİ裬·ԱߣʵУǲʲô£

£бʵһ㶣ʲô£
ǰæúܣҪô˴ܣҪôȥ飬ƣٲȻȥַȾС춼æòżңôôԣʵʵ

°͡
ʵЩ飬֮Ҳɵģɾ͸Ⱦƴһֻһӣ֮ͷӿϼӱĿ顣
Ҳ֪ôˡ̾˿ž̳һڣʮصܾЩǰˡ

Īصͷ֪ˣ˼ˡ
вǺţô֪
ɲôζˡ

㣬үʱ͵÷Ҹ߹ٴˣŮŮʱ͵óף˶ôġ㿴ҲСˣʱҸ˹ˡ

˾ͺˣ
Ȼˣޣﻹйеģ

Ҳǣһ룬㬵صϴѾдɩˣҪҸɩͷѵҪС
ɺСϴҲһϵӡ

󵱼ҲˡǽҲһ󵱼ôҲԿ˵ͷֻеɫԣô

ûʲôемֺ
ӡҵһ£ʶΪ˵ǣ˶ٲŷӦ˵ǽӺݡ

ȵ˱ضǣֺαڴ󵱼һϵһ
У˭

½ôҲøߴܴ̣ͣúҿҲϲȾƣƽʱȺȾƴܣӦùá

бž̳˼һ£ϴҲֻܸһˡ
Ǿôˡ

*

ӺҪ³ǣ޺ӵڱң¼һһæӺݱڴ컢һæ

˻д̿Ի컢ɽңȴæòɿ

ʵ˼ȥҷ糤죬Ȼ÷糤˵Ҳ÷糤쵱ý˵˼
о鷳Ҹףֲý˸ףȻȥ˵ס
ֱڣ£¶

ֻʵҪôô
룺ҪҪȴ㼱

ڱļ磬ţæϵĻ˵

æýŲմصӣͷȥ䡣ȥɺ¥Ⱦơ

ڵͷӦ
ȵϵɺ¥ȴ٣ѾԵľϻһֻʺ֬ӡӡ

ͼֲˣֻһ飺ַֻҲȥ˶ĳ
ͳһɱǮ

ڣԻͣǰɣ
㣬ֵܣ˭붼һеǳף͸һˡ

ۡľȫ˻һͷһ
Ӳ˲ŵвУ

㡢ղ˵ʲôڵ۾ɵͭ
иԼЮƬԳԣһڣȻס
ڵȲĻش𣬻˻ļ磺㣡

Ȼֳһڣٳһڣȷζûд
¿ӣһ仰Ҳû˵ɺ¥ĳһ󼦷ɹеĺ洫أأ

ƹǶʱ˴ǰ컢ɽɳͳεĿ־壬ȥүү̣ضңʵλӿġ
ŭƨǵĳǰζ

ǣ˵ǣǰλˣ˷ûǮˣüҴĿⷽӵˣ̸˳ӣӲѧġС˳Ų˲ŸζҪǲϲС

ôɿǳӣع񣬡ˣԺζٸ̡

ƹӦ
뿪֮󣬳ؿڣһڴˣˡҵ֪ͲĿζˡ

˿λүǮģǮܲô˵ˣλүһͲǷˣҪΥ֪ʲôͷءƹܹоգԺôɱǰĺóԶˣ

ں±ƣλϣۿŻɱڳȥȻִͷɥ߻
ô£

ûʲôе˱ƺȣٳԿ⣬е㸴ӣҲ֪ͷëζ˻
ܾԼԵ˽ǵա

ھûе㲻ԾǷǸ൱ԾҲÿˣ㣬ʲô¶˰ɣ¶͸ֵ˵ֵΪ߲嵶

嵶أ޾ɣȢҾͺˡ

ڣܲá

ҪȢ㣿
ûͲСҸ˳ɻ𣿡

ɡΪʲôң
ϴҲ㻹ܴҪҲߣֻպϴպϹˡ

ǧ¿ɲܴպϡڿкȾˮļƣٿϵŮµ֬ӡ㣬ϲĲġ

һƱƣݣòҲϲɩİɣ
ҰɣɩҸǲһָͷûأĸŽ㵽ˡ˵žһ£ɩģֻзϴܣһʡʡɡ

ʣϲģ

ȣڲǰһ;˳һæ췴ָŷ糤򱱵ңʵѵлһ⣬ǸˣǾҸ֪ģȻû˽̣ˣǿɲɡ

Уô֪񷨣
ڵ뷨ʶĶ̵֣˺ӱˣΪϻе뷨ԼȻ黭ͨʫܸ٣㹻

黭ͨ
кȻ뵽˽ǡ
ӵ鷿лá
䣬

ȶʫģȻЩ˹Щ᲻ˣ¶һ˿ЦݣýЩѼﲼõ׵ģһؼҾ˸ˡ

жغһھơ
˹ţ׵˭ȵϷأ

УҪ˼ϸ£Ϊ룬¿ܵ

жűӳˡ
ӵᣬӵûκܱȵϡ

ҪģҪãµóһֺòˣȢ˰

ڵĻأеľƱҲصظϡ
ھֵط֣⣬һһֵص˺ܺóԣܺúܺóԡ

ڲ⻰˼ֻǵر˵ŵˣǡǱúóԣһӲпڸ

۹⣡жڣһô죿

Ǿ뷽跨ԸޣڼᶨصͷҷɣȢ

仰˵꣬ھڻп˼ҵɫһӣǸú۹⣡

ڶ˽⣬ʮֻһ˲ͻγİһܡ
Ѿ˶ֵĴ㣬ԲԼ

ȻûУһûз·֪ʲôӯ壬ӿ۾¡
ûһӾ͸ø˹ֵ أһҲǷɣ

ڣ
ʣʾǲ¡

ˣڵļ磬ףҵĹϲԵ

ڳһãڰȫˡ
ȻеıӰʣȥĶ

дûлͷֻƮڿУ
ǣ





68.     ӣң

ҡ
ϸܵѩݶ, 
鷿ڵƻͨ޹¯ˮһů紺

, ټӱˡ
ҹ߽

ԭü۵ʹ, ʻţͣҲδͣ, ںδ

ҹ΢΢һ£Ժ

ԭıʶסˣ̧ͷ˵һ飿
һֱų, ʹڼŭ֮ʱ, Ҳѵдʱ

ҹɰ̾һ, ش𣺡ټһؾ, ֱȥ˱Ժ

ã, ܺáԭصӱأϵϺͽһ, λλټͣ㣬̡
˵, ±, 
ȥԺ

ҹ, ԭͷ, صȥѰһʵЩıӡ

ҹӦǡ

ֻҪԭԸ, ûʲôҰ۾Ǵò, ʵȥ˱, ȥΪ˻УѾ˼˵롣
ҹڿǲҪѽŵҽһϡ
ҹҪѪˡ

ȻǸ̤Ժ, żһζ
ҹɸ練ӦѸٵڽԭǰ˺ʯ֬ˮ

ԭɫҲˣ쳣԰ףۿѪ˿һ˦ҹɣֱζķ
᷿

ǵıԺһݻ޽ʮֹţ᲻࣬䣬˰ͥԺԼһƬ֡
ԭµСǰȻʣͼǽʯ֬ˮɣŻѣվڽߡ

վڻԱߣѺ޷ϻźڶѾڰڳһš
Ķñδжס˴ѵĹâӳֱͦıԼ΢΢ѵĴ۽ǾǷ糾ͣﻹаǵĵһӣǸ糾͵˿͡

ǣԭһϺȣʲô

ǻתס
Ǻܾûп˵ǵɳ
ֽ̧ӹɣĻѣ븸ԺҰѴ˽ᣬ

ҹԭżŭǸ£һܣ

ڵôǵģ֪ǽټзִ硣
˵ţŻѣ᷿

᷿ǽѾʯ֬ˮɢŨصĴ̱ζ
ϵġ
ŻùһУīм̳ܽ
ԼڵġеӰ
ЩӰüˣһȽȽ֣ʧ

ǰдۣԶǰԴŤӣвֽһһ
Ƿ棬Ҫֻ̧ۣûλŤŤȥ֪˼

ϣĹâӴӳεĺɫϲԼžƱǰĻС

֪ƻԵĺȷô
ʲôȷ



һԶ˵ڵĴ𰸣ҲһԶʵֵԸ

ţĻѡ

еĳ֣Ѿݼϵһɫδ̫̰ˡ

˽ɡ
˱֮УѾԼķݡ
һи˽ˡ

ء
䡱һ죬ʯ֬ˮĽ󣬿񱩵ӡ

ϵѩϸϸƮ䣬δر㱻ˡ

ǻתδڱȼգ˶ڽԭǰ£д븸𷣡

ȼգһͷ񱩵ľޣǹڵϵӰֱӲַųһٽˡ

ԭ֣𽪰ǵ°ͣӳУӳһɫʣǣңֻԼİĶʲôζ

ǵĿӭԭӳ㣬ĳ̶ŨҵĻҲ޷͸
ûʲô飬أЦһ£ﻹʲôζ

ԭЦܣ׷ɣѩ裬Ƚ֯ԭЦ·ͬʱϲúӣϲ㣬ҵ˳Ϊ˵·

ǿŽԭ
С󣬸ԶһԽĸ߷壬η·һֱڹ֮УǴûпǸʲôˡ

ʱ˿̣ԺͬʱɢǷԼе㿿ˡ
Ϊ˽ҵԷȫѪԽһжû˵ů˵˵İ˵һˣ˵̷ͷ޵ģħ

ǽҼ
ҲǽǽҪ̤ϵ·

һ̽Ǻ谭ض˽ԭ˼Щ㶯Ķģߡ
Ҽߡ

һҹΪһˮ롣
һҹ֮ǰȻټݣĺ񣬽ԭδýǲ֡
һҹ󣬽ڲʱǳϯĴ㽥

Զе˽⣬һҸףںŵʱ򣬼߳е岮ȫں档

Զ㱵طԼкóһʱûˡ
֪ǲⳤʱδİУԶ߽˴кֱѣŻعø硣
񡣡׽ټ
ԶæĿڡ
ֻԵ˵ͷŲδͣ˹ȥ

һֱ߳ԶԶûջߡ
ø硭ǣټôˣ
һۣʲôôˣ

͡оǰܲһˡ
ԶһʱҲ֪ôݣø绹Ǹø磬ǰҲǿУȴҲûǿɤӶⶳᣬ˵ҿ
˵ǰøǸ֮ѩڵøɾĳһɽˡ

£ǽҵ¡ŽǵıӰмָӣֻǶԼԣ㲻һˡ

Զֻѩ׷ţǵĽŲԶ˴ӵɽԶȴĪؾãǵӰ޹µ

ԶȻе㻳ͨǸһҶƵø
Ǹڵ΢΢Цø磬ø磬·ͬһˡ

ҲƺѾЩӡ
Щԭеһ⡣
ʱѾϴޣ˯УԼŲ

־˲ˡ
д̿͡
ҵʱɢزȻô̿ǱԷ

쵽ͷĽϻ
ֻǻסȻϸϸ

ôϤԻϵϸһ쵽߻ζ
·һлᦣЩѾһѻվҸȼɲǼǰӹ˻еӰ

۾ԼҪȥ롣
ڻи뿪ǶӣҲǻصÿһʶȥѰȻÿһ߶ա

ڱ
ྩǧ֮ң
ôԶԶټ档

Ųʵʵģ˹ţڳ߽ӽ

Ǻॡһˮˡ

ˡסһһ죬Ϥĵס˽ǵĽ



ֻŽû˼Ƿֺȴõ·ֱͱţͱࡣ

ǡе

ӿһľʲôʱʼĻˣ


Ҫˣ֪˶ó󣬵ϵҲþˣĽһӱѹסϣ˴ϣһס죬ѹ꣬ӣң

ص쵹ϣ˿ɢ˿ɣһлȻΡ





69.  ؾ   ҺͷӴͻɣ

ﰵú, ʹԻеĺҲ彪ǵ

ֻһ쳣Ĵ, Ȼ˵ǸֱĴΡ
ȻֱǱƵ, Ȼ˻

ﾲˣоúԼ
, Ѿõģ˷, ԸԸ, Ҫݺݵرһ

ô, ɵô, һܶûУôõʱ

ϰ

Լ, ĺȴֻ֪߯췢̣㲻¡
жԼ, ȡһ˵£, ǡ

ΪʲôҪ
ǵһξ

Ϊ㣡
Ѿ˻к, ƫƫ֪ؾǿס, Լ, ôҲ²

Ѿܾûμˡ, ḧ, Ҫ겻ɢ, ʧô

Ἣˣû̲סץס֣ճȥ
ǧﱼ˲, ֮ڻص˼ҡ
ͷԾ΢΢ЩӡҺ㰡

ֻſ˵

ǵᣬûеʹʹòӦ˿ץ֣ӣɵⲻΣҿǻʵģҡ

ǵֽ˽
ŶŶ£ϴʹɩҲˣڳ⣬ͨ籨ѶĽǡ

һ£ȻȻ˦֣˴һ˺üֱײ硣
ЩײæһѷסȴСĴ˰ϵĻƿ

ڻֿ죬˹ȥһѳסŻϡ
Ǻ

дûмʧ̬ʹôԶҲٵĺ
һֱΪñط꣬һһˡ˵жྪϲɣٻͷ·࣬˸׼óԵġ
ڣ˵ϲܵ˼ľţǴӵĶʱȥƵġ

ôˣɻ󣬡һӲ㲻ϵˡ

Ϣ൱ȣô˭ģ

밡ô򵥵⻹ʵģûʮ֡

㷽˵ʲôºͰݵˣ
һ仰Ҫ˵飬о÷ʵЩԾ㡪

סڡǴĻѾƽҲңʦͽ֮ԵѾˣӡ֣ĪҪᡣ

*

糤ͽӺھͷһС̡

˵ʱдҪǣ뿪ɺ¥ȥҷ糤ͽӺݴС
ԭǴ˵һߣû뵽糤ȻҲҪؾǡ

㻨еû뵽ϴ㲻˵ʵ۲ô
ȷʵ档糤/Ӻݵ˵°ͣɩȥҪȥֵſɾûˡ

ӺΪʲôؾǣ糤ͽӺݻؾ֮ʲô˻ؾ֮󾩳ǵֻʲô仯´ֻΡЩԻ˵ȫǲڵġ
ֻһͷۣõúܣӺɩģɩȥˣһܿġ

ҲˣɩȥҽǱѶʱȸԾġ
û뵽еľñط꣬Ȼ⸶ģ

ǲûֱȥˣǵȵ빬˻ʵ۵̡
Ϳ˰ɣ̲סô˹ȥ±˲֪ϴʹɩ𣿴ɩر𽻴һҪ֪

һǱ£һǰݣؾΪסңǵаţһн֮С

֪ˣ
ԤϵĲһûϵ鲻ڻе˼Χڣдɩڣ˵ӻܺɩɣ˵ʲôʲôС

ǲ˵̳ǡ
ǹۣ۴䣬ŷԭʺͦ޳һһĳһ徢ʣʱ۳ң紵ƬʱܵƵġ

в֪Լڱ˴ֺڵĴ󺺣ǽǵȴǰˣɫٷӳ£԰׾ӨɽĻѩ

ҲΪ㣬ȴǰԵѽ

ǡǷӵҲǷӵΣҲǷӵΡ
ǷӰ
ǸΪ³ȾƴƸѹǮķӣ

ôţͷ¿ʹȥӣİݻˣ㿪ģ

̾˿Ҳ֪òÿġ
˵ʶԼˡ
ϰߵǿ󣬼ʹôòʹѾ¶˾ģȻ̲סشκһ⡣

ɫһǣǰۡ

в٣׷Цʣĺͽܻˣ㿪ģ

Ǿȥɹסߣܲס۽⡣Цôãѹʱ⡣

ҪþȫֱǰңѾ˵ˣʦͽԵҲӣҲͽܡ

һӱޣȴڳȥ½󵱷磬۰ݳ

ں棬˼
ȥںߵģڻûҲ˵㣬뿪Ҳһꡣ
һʱ䣬Ӿͷˣ

*

ʵ̽糤ӭ˻ʹӺص˽ҡ

Ӻȵ۵ĻʺȻδܳңͷ糤ɩξǵǺȫһ㣬ٹȫӭնеϹݣƷ糤ΪƽӺΪ̨Ů

Ƕ˵Źѳаƽ˳졣¾ĻƼǹ룬ˮ֣Ǳ塣

У
ϴĻ󷨺

̨ŮǱԵӡŮһԶڷ仯򸾣նӰաһĻǽӺݡ

оǿмֿţٴɩôÿȷʵŮ

Ϊԭ򣬹̨Ůþټη糤ͽӺƽң˸ǧ糤ҪӭӺΪҲû

ʹǶΪⳡ件æµ֮սй֮Ҳһһõͣ糤ʻҪʲô͡

еǾһƷ󽫾ɣ
糤Цˣ˼༸ʮҲƷ㵹һھǶƷˡ

вˣǻʵۣǻʹϴµϴôһٶҲˣ
糤̾үҪǰѸƷ˵˭͸˭ʵҲڵȤˡƷˡ
ŷӶƷءв⣬ֱȽͬԭʵҲ͸ġ

˵ţͼͬŽӺݴӻ԰ͷ
˵Ϊܳʺ󣬼Ȣ׵ĵһǷ˵òһһòӣ֮ڣͱдʫƪ
ӺǾˣŮǰϢĳ̶ȡǺмǿ
Ժһʢţ࣬һ𣬾ǻɶԿţɶԷ裬˫Ĵ˫ĳſڷϵķ糤ͻвסˣһֱ׷ϡ

Ϊʲôʵ۱ºδƷſڽҵķϣ
糤Ϊ֮ǰĿŵӺݼ棬˵ҹû͵͵ʱ컹̲סֻǽˡ

˵ͱȽûˡ
ǲš
ʼʱ򻹻һ¡ʦͽԵԾֱӾ֮⡣
ҰѼһٴ壬ڻڴϲܶ
һɱӺԭЩͦĻǿͶ㣬һƨɿ˾Լ

ڷϹһ
糤췢һ̾ϢҼӺݿ
ҲֱۣһҼҷҲ

أһµ뷨ȵȣٶͰɣ
糤룺Ӧÿԡ

ҲҪٶˣҺͷӴͻɣ

ѾҪ߹ͥԺĽǽºȻһģЩˤ





70.  ϵ   Ǽ򵥵Ҫ׵Ĺϵ

ǺͽӺĵ·
, ȵ֪·֮², , вʱʧܣ֪ǰﲢ, ڴ

֪ʱ򣬽ӺݻС, ȴȫȥβ֪ԭѾ׼ڱϵĽӺΪ·صʱ, ʵһ, ֪Ҫʲô

֪, УҲ˳ӦӺ, Ŀᶨ帽ڴѪѾù, ٷȥؽ㸲, ʱҪһͿ̿ս, ԡ

ؿŽӺݡ
ǵڻʹʱ, ѾǧĹž, Ϸ·ҲûκܼеĲ
ʱּᶨ, ޿ɿܵ, ƴ绯, 

ĵݣȥһ˱Ѿ̥ǡ

Ӻ΢΢ͷ, Цһ£һЦýǷ·ֿǸڹеСã˵̥ǵģǱ

Ŷ


Ƿ糤졣
ڽӺصҪ˵ȴеʵ磬˵£Ըң

̧ͷԶգһʱû˵

Ӻݵ˿磬֪ѴҲ֪ԥұŷǽδˡ

ݣ㱱һļ࣬Ҷ 
ǵϣºֻͣ˵ģԼС˶Ȯҧˣ˱Ҫɱҧˡ

Ӻ˼ˣ˫ס֣΢΢磬Ҿ֪һ°ա

΢΢ЦЦ紵ҵ
ݣ㲻ס
ңѳɶȮҼΪͲȥҧˡ

Ҽļ࣬ȴδؼ
Ҳã㲻֪㲻ʹࡣ

ݣһæ

Ӻݵͷ˵

Ѿ߳˻԰һƬԺ䣬ǵ°ͳƬݼ˵㣺ɵ£

Ӻ̲סЦˣǶ磬ָ˼ˣ͸Ϸĵģͻ֮£ѵľܾ

Ǳµʦã׽ˣշ磬ʤշ磬ǹʤƹ
ǵƽҲǣֻӺ㼫ϤˣŴ΢һ˿ο·ڸ컻աУΪǴ֪Զ㡣

ӺݶʱĹ˼ɡ
һȢ˻Уǰˣױ㲻ȻټȴٻȨ
ȨȨ֮޴ս

Ķ磬ĸ׺ʹȥʱڻݱޣڣһֱ㣬㡣
ʱǸű˼Լ޵ˡ

ֵһ޴ĹؿڣһѹԼʹ뱯ˣվһߡ

磬ӺݵЩɬһ񣬡񣬶л㡣

ˣǴȴһҪô̾˿ݣ£ǾΪȻ㲻ҪôصĵȫԼϣ̫ˡ

ۡӺ΢Ц磬ҴǰӲŽۡڣѾ֪Ϊʲôÿһ㶼۵ġ

յڽӺϣһ𳤴ãһʱм硣
ģݵ£ΪС󣬰ֻǡáûһ˵
ɴʱ˿̣ڽӺϿһ־ĶǵΪһ⣬վڴ΢Цǿ󣬼ᶨ

֮䣬ЩΪʲôҪؽߵݡ
̨ŮӦǰӰɣ

*

ежѸ٣ɡ糤ͽԶʱѾڿǻϵĲʽˡ

󲿶Ѻͱͥ뾩Ȼһʵ֤ѡʮӢΪһս֮ѾƷξ
ĹƹоƷʮƷְѾ۷ˡ

սպգ糤˻һԺӣǻб˾ϸѡģڽǱԺб档
ֱסؽǵıԺ֪ǲ֪ô£һ˼ǧ֮⣬Ժûȥ
ֻʳˡ

λؾõǱݣ컢ȷ١컢ɽҡµʦҲ

뵱ɵ֪ǻǻ㣬ӵ͵˵ϡ
أؿŷ糤ͽԶһӵϡ

𾪹𾪣仰֮󣬱㷢ֲܻ绹ǻ㣬үǵǰܳ͢١ʽмĻү

һڽ⿪ˡ
ѹǴȪӻôȶܶˣ
ѹֻ㲻ܸʲôӶôԭϲ㣡

һ䣬û̩ͨô𣿡

Իͽӵʲôϵ

¶˴Цݣָָ϶ŵĴ°͵˵ͷæŹҵˡ
Եһ˫ϲ֡
ҺͷǼ򵥵Ҫ׵Ĺϵ


糤ͽԶ°͵ˡ
֮ԣһʱû˵

ӻʶǾ͸ۼƵĳͣʱ˵龹ȻȫͬȾϲȻͬʱ뵽ʲôһóĬ

лûӦС ڵĿɡ
˵һֱûиϣһֱףбһֱһ˿ϣ
ϲֵˣһ˿ϣҲ治סˡ

ʡʡһʵ˵Ȣġûңһ˵ţס˵ļ򣬡ڣҴǹ¥ȥ

ɿЦã㣬Ƕ֪Ůӣôַܹ
ôƴ䰡

㲻˼ԼҲøɣԶǶ֪ҷ˹ַĶ飿

ԵĻû壬ҷˡĸ֣ȴʵʵüЦУͲ䣬Ƿŷȥ

ɵ㣬Ǹңһŷݣʲô¶ƼҪ˵лġ

ͷ
ôʱ򣬸ʲôУΪ㣬͸ʲôˣ

ʵҵ֪иطȥ˵ţ˻һۣ֪һ






71.  ּ   ˵ô

, Ҳǹүʮ١
̫/濪˽ңһλ, Ǳǹȼҡ
ͽҵļҴҵ, ȼǺ֮㣬ƺȨ, һֱԼҵ̫ƽүǷ, Ե, һ, ַǷ

׼ϯ, Ǳ뵽үߣû, ĳʷڹүߵＸ䡣
ýԼü¡ʦá

Լϵûаֱ仯, ȴصһ¡
·һѪҺ֮Ѹ¡

ˣ

үһ˸, һͬʷϯ, һԸȥ

еķͻû, ˵һ, 糤Ю֮ص, йʵ۵ӳ, 졣мΨһʦ, ˵׽֮ˣصǵĵһ𣬸ְͳƬطɵ, ϯ뵽

ϧǰһͽȥֻǸңѹû򿪹ǱҲٸ磬Ϊү⣬Ǵ٣Ż
ԭΪѾҵĴŶˣ㲻ټ棬û뵽

ֲԾϥ΢΢ڳȭ
Ҫѣסһ࣬һѹȥ
侲
ǰ¶һ˿ûƤûֻҪ¶һ飬ͻϡ

΢΢ҲԼΪ״̬
Աߵڨһ⸱ģʱŵȥˡ

Ȼүʱ߸ŵǷ糤ԶͺɣûлС

:
ȻˣоսȻλŮ͡үһӭǳϯʱȻӭȥԺд
һʱҲ֪Լеζظʧֻһ˿Գޱȷ

Ȼףۼѡ

*

ǻеһǹŮϯϡ
ͦʣⶼݺ˱ǵ˶һַֹĴ
ܿͷַûñȣΪ˶ҲֻǳЦ죬ĵĻȫǡӰѰ֮ࡣ

ֻϵ÷⣬ҲΪߣ˵λñһʷ⣺ϯʲôʱꣿ
õʲôʱȥҷӣ

ֻ»һأʲôô
ɣҲ糤ĵӣ˵ȻǸŮˡ
ʵʲôµĻϾͲԾ¶˴ЦݣţʵΪҷš

ȻЦȻ̾˿ͨݵʱҾ͸ÿģСãʵһԡ
е۾һˣҲһԣ
Ȼˡ΢΢įֻϧﵱŮȻòµġ

ʧ䣬ҼаοѹӲϲ㣬Ϊ㲻ãΪշ磬֪ǽҵ˲ϲȢշˡ
ˡ̾ϢһΪвˣĳ¿һ㳢

¿ô㣬ζȷʵаĳԺȣΨһ㣬ǹŮǺȵĶǹ
Ȼ͹죬Цſкþƣһ̳ѩİަоãԳһ
ֺûţʱæȥȡ

֮󣬻һֹȻǺþƣһرǰûȹϸϸðʮަӽģ꣬ŵһο̳Ϊң֮ζŨһ˲Һȡ
ϯϵҲ󣬷׷׳޻ǽӢۣһǰеľơ

оƵɣһ˾ͺ˴̳ʱ򣬹ּ
ּ̫໨ϵãϴߵСӡ
æ£лźȾƣ䣺ҵĹѽ

˵Ҽϴ󶼲򣬼ʥּʲôֻСӵּϽ˺óԷ

СЦ㣬ʥּǸġСȥϣڣС˲ҵ

жʱһ˾ƱȻȻ
һ˵һѾȥпڵãƱյ൱֣һƬ֮Уеһ۾Ϳ˽ǡ

ӣֱӱץ֣ߣ

ſڵĵһʱ䣬ǾͷˣĸйǱӡλϣС¹һɱ
ܵǰ֣Լֱ߳ȻӦҪ

¶ץˣʧ죬ȥּ
һʲôʥּ
¶˴Цݣͻʥּ

˵䣬ͷֽǵһ仯ǷͻȻֹͣ治ϵ֦Ҳڡ
ԭһԴ㱵飬ȥмᣬ֮ǰģɾһ̣

ǲܵġ΢΢Ҫ֣ҪӵּӦ޹ء
ûйأ˲֪ˣеһսˣôױѣֱߡ
ͼЧôʧ˵ҰС

ˣ
㿴ңҿ㣬һĻ
һŸ߹سСˣΪλ½ôߵķأ

*

оôŽֱӺ
ң֣
ҲŲء⣬ʥּһӣҵˡ
ʲôͻʥּҪңֻԼڳ󡣡ǵüͷɿ

кȻͣˡ
ڽΪֵʱ̧֣üġ
һܣüĵ׻Ǳ

ָһ㣬ᵽӵĴȴǾĸ룬ȻƤֱ͸ࣺңأ

Ҹǻôüëġее̾Ϣ֮⣬Ҳͣеͳһֺᡣ

ǵͺȣҪˣǾǴͻʥּĪҪȡ衣

вŲģһ˵һϵ˺ԺҶϴ˵˵ģ⻹м٣
ѣֻʥּǰ¡
пǣ룬ҲһˣСӵϽġ

յϣ·ᷢ⡣
ҲҫɣǼ޷ֱӣܿߣ۾

Сӿʼּ
ʥּϷ⻨ΪƷ󽫾ǰ˾ָʹլʹլһūˣ꣬鱦䡣

һƷΪΣƷλ˳һ;ȻƷ߹ٺ»¡裬զࡣ

СЦ˫ְʥּУ㶵ؿˣ
СӴ𣺡ػˡ

ôûдͻ飿вţԼչʥּһ飬ȷȷʵʵᵽ˹ְլڼʹͣȴûὪǡ
ʥּ͵ǰҿҿ©𣿡

ûнӹʥּŻУĿЩЩ˵ǲܵġ

й㶵㶵ؿȻʹˣһվ֪֪Ҹϴ˴ͻʥּ֪ͻʥּǡģ

ǿеıŨˣ˵ʦͽԵ޹ϸ𡣻ְɡ

㣡ȥץס½˵ԼǷŭһЩѹһЩֻǹһպ˵̿ѪⶼӵÆ죬㵽ڸʲô

㣡
ʵۼȻּǰҲæɼܵ죬һͼ׽Žǵ½Ҫɱˡʱͼѻ侲ʲôú˵ǧ

ĹŮͱŵûʧɫүҲ˻ţλһǽټһǱµʦãһ˸ëǶ鷳ǴһæǰȰȰһʮֻҡ

и˵ʲôʲô߬Žǵ½󣬺޲ܰͳ۾Žǵ۾ڳʵĴ𰸣ΪʲôΪʲôΪʲôǱôõģΪʲô˵ͱ䣿ʲôԵԵӲŲţ

ǴûпģۿѾ죬Ҳ΢΢ǱƵޡ
ҵʹ·ͽţֱץӵࡣ
סڻͷıķŭģŲôѹ
Ǳܵʹץס󣬾Ҫڵʱ򣬿˷糤ͽԶ

糤ͽԶΪܹˣֱץŻеֱۣ¶ϣȻһ
ͻϴһģһ

ǡǵǴӱﴫģʲô

糤ͽԶһ
неʱ˵ԺҲиٱ룬룬룿
˲ڣҲö˼˰

оúеԣҲˣǿҵĶǻʱʱҵġ
ͺܺá

ǴϸֳĸһһԼһһãս
˭糤ʡ
ԶһۣϻȻǸø硣

ҪǹܡкغȾƣ

ߺʮֻŻӣһֱδ
ʱֻǵɫ࣬ſһҵĴ磬ٳٶۣҲֲԾˣջ֣ͳһûûʲô

ǵģǺǵĶϡأ𣿣

ǵϣϵɫһһȥɱѩһĲ԰ס
ȴԽԽڣڵ

Ȼһ˦˻е֡

ֻһ죬кһץһر˺½

Ƕ˵һĲֵ壬ҵȻǵĿӸ£䵽㣬˵ô

˵꣬תߡ
û˸ĵ·ҲûȰ˵һ䡣
Сˣɢ̫ˡ

վԭأһ
ﻹץųİ½㶵ؿǰĿ
۵½

ƽʱʵʵܲ͸磬Ƭ½󱻳ʱµҲһ㡣

ֻж̶һ˲һɫϸ
ϸ棬Լ¶һϸ⣬ʮ졣

ϵС

Բۣдһ׸ƨ
ת׷˳ȥ





72.     ϲ

ǵĲӺܴ, ּֿ졣
֮ȳߣȴˡ

ټǶ˷Գ, ʲôʱ, а˷ΡȻȺĸδԼģ, ɴ˴æӭȥ

ס
ǷԸ, ϵ, ٴ, γ˵
ȻͼдӴ׷˳, վסߣ

ǻδš
ǰֻʮľ, ֻҪϼУϳ

һ̤˳ԯ
һ˲, 㱻ץס
һתץס, һ֮, סˡ

ڵ, ԾĽҸȻһϢûеס
ϵѱü, ÿһĲϱԵմѪ
˲ĴۡûܸĹ, ޷, һǰ

һ㶵Ĺ, Ѿ˳ԯϣ½
е絶棬Ҳһѵ, ʲôסֱնĿꡣ
Ѿ˺ƣʣǸܡ

ӿ˴δйĿֻţҪͳ벻Ըʾ˵ܡ
书ӦռϷ磬ʱ򽪰ǵĳиǲܲˣ¶٣ָɵҪеļͷȴڰ;Ͷסˡ
мͷҲ˿ڣ߼ббһѪѾʪˡ

ǿ˿֪ʲôֱӳûԼϵĵ

㵽ʲôŭڵһŭ棬㣬ɺͳ

ҿȻȴܲסӲǲҲеðˣýټҵ𣿣

ʲôкɣ

ҵĶ˵಻ɣ˶˵˽ϣץ½֣
أʹһ¡
û⣬Žּʱʹġ
ţʹһ¡
˭һصࡣ
˻˻Σ˰벽

̷ĲԾסôˣ

ʹͻȻʧҲ죬л˻Դ׼ʱһѰѽǲ½µĶ˹

ǣ

ͻвµһӵ׹ĹȻ͵
һֱǰļϣÿһС嶼մ¶ȣôů

ΪʲôϣҪʡ

һ󣬰һֺһ󣬰ѿ£һ̵顣
ת

ȻӲѣкһ͸ˡ

ǲΪϻᱻ춯·£ûˣ
оһΪΪϵıҪʲôΣܲͲ

ǣΪʲôϲεķӣǰأ
ֱһȪۣȪˮð

ؾЩ죬˵һطǸϣʱˡ
һУ·ԳһС硣
ǰһͬϳһͬرԺôŵľ·ϽһһϻǺ«ԡ
Զȵġůġġ
Ǻ«㣬зǺŵϢ

ĿתؿŽǣ۾·Ҿ֪ϲңҪƭˣ

͵͵ģһ˿ɬһƬëڽǵĶߣǵ
Լ̧۾ӭߣǣϲ㡣

зģⱲӶûôĸ֣ȫŮһǰ裬Ҳܱ仰ˡ
ϲ㡱ĸһУɲǼ￪޴Ļ
⻨̫ˣռġǸ˵òˣȴе㷢ɬȻ˵
һץס֣ץס˻òҪҪ

סļ򣬾Ҫȥȴһһƿˡ

㡣еȻϲңҲһϲġ
ģΣεҡ
Һϲϲܸ˺ܸˡ

ϲ㣬ǵĿⱯˣ㲢ϲҡ

ô᣿ϲ㰡ϲϲ޸㣬һϲˣ

΢Цȴ΢΢һ£УʲôϲҵϲԼϲǺ«ûʲô˱Ǻ«⣬㻹ϲȫ򡣳˳Ե⣬㻹ϲ飬ϲƣϲǮϲܡϲ̫ˡϲô࣬㲻ϲ

ϲϲʲôļٵģе㶣ǰϲǺ«ҲϲóԵĺģʲôܲΪϲǺ«ⱲֻԱǺ«ɣ

ٴЦˡ
оЦոտʼʱ򣬲һ㱡࣬һͿԴơ

ֻҪ֪һ㣬ϲ㣬ǵҷ㲢ϲңұϲˡ
߰ɣҪپˡҲͬȥѰԼӰɡ

пĵٿǡ
ȻûŪ˼ȴѾƵģһһ㿪ʼʹ

Ѿٿ£һ½
ڿռ䲻ǲ
Ȼû˱㱻ȥ˵ϡһ˲ץס֣ͷϣֱؿ

ɣѾЩɢ˿Щɢҡ
ⱻɸȥ˴룬Ǹˮ͸ճһɾ׵ᡣ
ǰЩͬͬϦദÿ춼Կ
ǶôôõӰ

ϲ㣬ϲ㣡˵˲㣬˵˲㣡

ϿǸ쳣ξǰǵĴжôôůȣһһ㳯ȥ

ǿĴԽԽ޷Լͺڵÿһ·лҫСС¡
֪ԼƿٸóܾطԼһؿܵĺȻƴͣÿһȴڻȸԾ

ϲ㡣
ǳǳϲ㡣
㲢ûжϲңҲȻ޷ҵϲ

⳵ֻﶼڣҡҡ·ͳͳϢлΪʧԶݡ

һ˲·ڵϣƶˣСӸԶ츩͡
ĶĿȨǱԺǷһʶ̾Ϣ۾

Ǹǳٳûн٣еһƺߡ
عֻüͷ壬һֻֽ߬ǰ½

㡭

˵еһֻȻѹ󲻿ɣǿصͷҪǡ
Ƿһʹ˵һһ࣬ԽǿȥͷʹԽ

֧Ųס˳ϣؿڴϢͷ۳亹ԲۣѵǴ𣿡
һ·ӣѵΥ𣿣

һַסһƿӿ룬ֻеɫ쳣԰ף϶ûаѪɫ

ʹôǱ󣬵Զƽʱ֮࣬ǰܹˣйʲô

ûûˡҲûж
пϣѾʹͷԿʼγĳ̶ȣһ뷨ȴôðӱţԭô

ĻʹһʹҲֵͦġ

ǻιȥ֮ǰһͷ





73.     кܶܶĺ

˵ɡ
˵

˵ô
ȸ˵, ֲȸ˵

ɣ˵˭˵
Ƕλ£Ұ, Ͼûյ

Сֻ𣿡
Ц, Ŷ

ֻö죬һֻӬڶ߷ɡ
ˡ̲ס, ӱ졭

߹Ȼ徲ˣֻһ˲, ɤһ, 

ѵ۾
լ, ɡ糤Զ˵ĿԴһ, ͳһȻ

ԼϵѾ, ٻ˻ԴֻͷεģֽЩ, ֵĴʹѾûˡ
ʣأ

ӣûŰ˼ҡͷɵ, , ˵¿, ֺ˰ަԲġû뵽ǰަһֽަ, ¿ͬʳͻļ, ҽʱ, , Ȼ֪ôء

糤Ǹү϶뺦㣬㣬Ǹûꡭ
û˵ͱԶ£ɵɵڹ, үӵ˸ϵôǽ赶ɱˣ㣬ǵúúѰ˼Ѱ˼˭˭Ҫ

ұ죬ھǾʶǼʲôˣнʣӲڣ˭һģ

˵ʱǸڻ׷ȥģɲųžͼǵչǰĽֿڣȻ׷ˡ
߻иһʲô£ֵûȥźȾơ
ȵһʱҽˣŻլˣѯϯϵĲʽˮҲ֪ҽݡ

׽ʦڹԾϯжҽϢûըˣү빬ȥˣһֱ⣬

ȥ
Ի˶һֶӶѣҪҪôţ
ɸŵĻںͷߣˡ
һ뺫ɵȻرܣȻϷڴǰ£жȫҵĹ뻨𷣡

Ҳ¶
иЩ·ֱ̾´ȥЩͷؽᣬҲûʲôһ֮¾Ȼû
ͷ˵ġ

лŬ㣬¿ⲻܸަһԣ˭֪˵˭֪ަнަ

ϻеĻ֪
ûһ˿¶ȣûпʼȻͷĲͬ
һ˭·𶼴һ˿磬ɴʱûаƽʱ鶯صų̶׵ĺʯӡ

ƽӲһ˿飺֪¿ަͬʳ׷ļҲ֪̳ަнަǹġ

еɿ˼磬شϣΪʲô

ΪʲôؿŻУдһ˿Ʒľ棬ȻΪʲôջģͨôˣŪҵģŮװ߹ȴڿ˵ҪҸҷ⵱ʲô

̾˿˵Ҳţǻǡ

ˣҳҼˣŵ棬ֱҺõȥշ磬Ը࿴һۣ䲻շ磬ƾͱµĹϵͬҵĹΪȢ㣿ΰɣýڷңĳֻС˼滹иľϲ㣡

гΣȻվ˵ȢңΪҺϴĹϵ̫ҵҵĹ

ЦԼѵô

Цұףһ˵Ҿˣԭ
Цڷǰŷ⣬ަҾƣϯϳңûбŮȣҪҵԲԣ

Цˬ˵Ļȴз˰ף˼죬³һ֣ǡ
˵֣˺񶼱ˡ

˭ģ

΢΢һ٣ʲô

õˮ¶˵ҸûģֻҪ޿˵Ҳ֪ôеȥЦݣ۾ŷ۾ĿĵУ˭ģ

Ŀɪһ£ĵȻһɺ⡣ڹĻþˣֻѻеһ֪߳ܵĴҰѾͷʱ͵ԾƷǵͷѪĹ
ҪֻܰжֽţҪֻĹ

ҡɫˣûҪԼҪġ

пЦһ£ǷӰɣ

û˵Ѿ¶һ˿顣

Ǳ·ǰֻҪҧϣûҵõ֤ݣҲûôֶʵ֪ۡԺƽ᲻£һıݺȴҲһҲ֤ݣ첻Ӧеصز飬ʱ㵱Σ

㡭вңŵؿϵı䡢üɱԼеɢżµƣƽʱǸǵĽǽȻͬ

ǵǲвһԡ
ԽҵҪƽӾͼĨȥֻǵָ¡
г˿־塣
ûпƽʲôǡ

дӷõ˴𰸡
ͷǱʲôˣǵó³һйһ
϶Ƿӡ
ȻǷӡ

ΪʲôжȻ٣ôҵ׵ģֻзһ
ҲֻзӣŻ͵ǰڽ֪ĵնԼǵܲ

ҪҵۻۣΪɣкظȻͬģͻȻ֣ס˷ʺ

ҲȣڵϣҪɱңҲ

㲻˾ôѪծѪծ㲻ã

ҡҡ־˵ˮҲˣҲˡ

УһҲǲԡָֻҲĲˣҾšֻ֣У

˾ҲΡΡ̧֡

סֻ˰ϸɵ֣ôÿֻ֣ˣֻдʫử٣ӽԺʲôˡ𣿡
һأһꡱһⷢһĲҽС

糤Ժ죬Ȼһ֪ʲô£ʱ󾪣æ˽ͼкͷⶼڵϣᣬԼ֡

㣡

糤ͽԶȥס⡣

æʻУôˣ
ûʲôʱ򣬲СĵһӣѾˡеǶȥҸӽϡ

һ䡰𡱶ûʣԹԾ˳ȥԶŷһͷǺһͷǡǻ
糤ֱӾͰ˳ȥҽ£Ҫ//!
Źֵ֮½Ȼֳˡ

ⴭϢؿԼ֡Ȼǰװûа˿˺ۡ

ţ飬ǿֵܵķϡСĽ㣬ҲСԶˣϲνҲֵġ
ŷӣһʹ֮󣬷ָ

ҿķϣӾ͵ûеǻ´ΣְкˣҾͰͱȥѣȻš첲ô

ԼУһ˿ŵɫ

ǵве־壬־֮һ˿Թޣʱ̲סʣҳȥҲǰ㣡ֻҪһж֪ϢȥԻᱳ㲻ǲԸȢʲôʲôã᲻ã

ʲôá·𱻴ղصһڣأ̾һعͷһۣкܶܶĺã֮һǺ˲̹̹ͬգԶᰵƱˡ

ʱֻʹֻ࣬÷ߺޣֻ˲ʱ˿̣ȴȻ˽ǵĻ

ȷʵһ⿴ŻУϢţֱӭ˲¹ͷľǡ





74.     еģܸ㣬ûС

뿪ʱŲЩ鸡, 糤æס׼ͽؼҡ
̧ţ뵽һ, ۾Զ
ԶıһΪѡ

ʱ, УСԶС, һ¡
һݣһ滹ø첲⹰ű˴, Ϳϣ



ֵؿһۣ

û, ûʲôһµ

ɶ, һ˵, ȥĶջصˡ, ȥ·Ⱦơ

糤ͽԶ˼ֱԼĶ䣬¶˿ϲɫ
һֱھ¶

, ǰѻ͵ȥɨе, жȻҪ
, ڽǿʱ, ƵÿȻ˽˵, Լ̫ô

ǻе, , ӳɽ, 뿪֮ǰ˶Ц˵ˣ·

ԼǸһߡ
ӽǶġ
͵ҽ, ÷֮գȴûٰûȥ

ĸϸ±һϸܣ
пЦˡ
±ġӡ

*

ҹǵ۹䳤֡
һڿŹģȻһ١

д̿ͣ
ǰĸһ
бнƿɫһСȴýӰ
ӳ¹⣬¹ӳ⡣

ɲǼʱշ·ʲôΪԼصǰǸҹֵ˴סȥ·

̿ʲô̿ͣġ
еĵѹסһһŰһ߳ȥʩʩȻ

ŵһʱԲ׼òǰ
Ͼ֪λжǳȥҲס
ҪǣһųƽٽһλεʱӼæҽΣǶԼǼװεȽϺá

оôߵǰϵĽǣһӡ
ҹ΢΢âתϣôһҹ黹ҪĴ󱦱ԽԽϲ
ϲһűĹʵͷȫ֭Һ

кιɣ
ǵƽһ˿

̧žϳǵŮб¾뽫ڳ˵ɡ
⡰Ůбĸ֣УЦЦô˵ܲף

ǵҹΪͬô

ǣġ
ءǵ֮ǰѾ˵޹ϸ𣬴˺ˮˮǣ

еʮҲܣﲻ͵ҾͲߡ

ǣ
ˡ
뻨͡

һЦʶǱߣ֪ȤջѾ̤ȥĽż⣬

΢΢ü
ҪΪʲô÷üôÿ

㲻֣Ҿȥˡ

Ƕһ¡
ֱֱؿһ³ɣЭһ˿Σ۾֪ʲôʱô̰ÿһ˿Ź

ڻ֡
ְ޳սļӣָڴձʵļӣķӣӶñ˲ͬ

Ҫô

Żعһָֻסǵ֡
ָഥףǼ̾ջϵһ㣬ץס֡

ǵһ˿ŭУ㲻Ҫôߣ̫

ôˣеûͳȥ֣಻áһϣֻ־ôһһ°֡

ӵ֣ôů
һסˣ˲ɿ

ɽǵüͷѾ֪ٲ¾Ҫ쭣ءһ£Ȼɿ֡

ڽĵĶʮϤǲÿҲ֪ʲô
ֻعһҪ࣬ϸһȦһȦʵʵġ

һȥ룬ʲôϲһˣӦþǵһһ⡣ջ֣ԼվԣͷҲðּˣҪȫ͸㡣

Ŀǣӣ㻹Ҫʲôеģܸ㣬ûеģȥ㡣

֣ӯƶƮǳ³Ҷ֦ͷ죬·ﶼ仰Ӧ

ֻԼȫѪ΢΢죬ⴺǳһӦ

С
С
ԺƮ

·һУ罪ұһսǰľǼӭʱ̣ʱֻǵͷǰѵԨ

һֻнճȭָݽģʹǣסƽȵϳɡ

е۾һӾˣǹеǡ
Աʹˣ۾סԼߡ

зɿʵ̫üֱ޲§һ§һ
һ˿ԲɫǣֻýǿͷȻɶˣ鿴мְ˵ӣʵӣô

ûлش⣬ֻԸ򣺡ȥԺ

һ𰸣жʱģ˶һؿų¡
ֻҪӿϻرԺûȫҲûʣˡ
һзӺġ

ص˼ң·ش򿪳ڱߵСӣȥ

һһգأ

ǿųڶƽûоˡ

ˣɣҲǵģûҲ֪һ˵ţһִһֻСġ

Ҳûˡǵ

ѾͷǿտҲˣ˵ҲȻżȵƣȴǺٳԣȲڣȻҲԤ
ɣ׼ЩӣǮˣͥıҷ˲٣ɣȥϷĵģҪװֻӡ

߶߶棬ýǶӰʱ⣬һ˿ʹ
һõʱ⣬ʱֻ죬Ҳ÷ᡢá
ϧϧ

ҲˡصûоƣûеģĺۼӰӣˡ

㶵̧ͷҹĹâ£ϵһӰأûһ˿⡣
ȥһ
ƫ׽ס

ӣôˣеߵʱ򣬺˺ܶࡣ

شһ˿ϧĺ˹ӿ֣˵ʲô𣿡

ôˣ㲻ûôеӣ˵㣬˲̫СȻ㿴ʵҲûʲôҲȫ͸ô
Ļû˵꣬ǾһѰӻϡ

졣

*

ǰᵽͬһӣؾ֮ȴûعԺ
أɣţأ˵ǽǵĽ
вΪɣټϽֲڣˡ

Žſ³űԺŶɣŵӭʱһָоؼˡ

ɣдļ磬챸ˮģҵӿдɨϿ
ɣ¶ɫ򽪰ǣ΢΢ҡҡͷɣŵ¡

ое֣ǵɫӣôˣûȥסһ¡

ǣ

иͥԺ֡
һж̫ϤˣϤ·컹סû뿪
־ͷ᷿᷿ŵƣƹӳڴϣů

Ȼһ̤ǰûдҲûй⣬ĵ¹£ֻʣһƬ

У
̲ס۾ۻˣΣ

ҵأ
ôһأ

ûˡǵƽƽһҲ죬һоҵʲôûˡ





75.     㻹˵ϲ𣿡

еڶɱȥ˻ʹ

Ѿ³ʱ, 糤ȴ¡µССظ˵Ҫչ
ɱڣĶ
û˵Сͷ, , ŵĻĺÿ£Ǳ͸Ķ, 뻨Ŀ

ߣ˵, ٶණ, ҲŹҴһܣ

⻰Сûҽ, ֻĬĬ˴һӡ

У
ȫҫ۵Ļƽ, ӳ˽ɫ

Ƭ̺󣬻뿪ʹ, ųĶ飬̧һһĻƽ

糤ƾ빬Ӱǰڱɳʱض龰
ֻϧرٵԼ

ƽ𰡡糤ؿ, ǳʹӺ, ҿѪˡ
ˡӺ, ۡ
糤߽, , ˵Ӱӳϣһ仰ͰҴˣ

Ӻݣ»ҪΣ

糤§ס˽Ӻݵ, ˵Ӱӷ·һ, еͳ, ŴƮȻ֪࡭ǽҲ£

*

ϲܺȾǮ
¸˵ʱӸ, ˵ʱҲܸ
һʱҲ֣ǺðЩ
˺˹ȾǮ

糤ͽԶ˵ǹӵܣⱲҲûмôƽְǰẫɵ۾˽ɫ
ƽأڽӶֵش
˰죬ͷŷֻһֱźȾƣȻûм˼

˵Ȼ֪ǻ㣬ʵҲֻһĲ죬֮Ǿյģڽǰж˵Ȼǻ磬ֲǳ̬
һ˴ȴǱһƽһƣһûһڵغš

˱˴һۣΧ㣬ǲʲô¶

еһۣӱܻˣ˵㲻¶

ɴɱˣȻǴ£ϵĨӡԻ˵ʲô㲻ô

糤ͽԶؿȥ̵ˣ뷨ôͣ
ȻôΣյͷǺܿµģ»ôɣæǿǽӣΪһͷô

г̾˿ҵ
˼Ӷûȥʲô
ˣǿŤĹϲϵôֺ࣬αطǶһѾȳ˼⣬еԝûȢ硭

۾һ֡òǵɣ

ȷʵ뷨תһȦҡҡͷУһܴĶûС

˿еֵǼõģȢؼҵţǾҪˣ˽ӣ˭ܳԵ

кȾƺȵеɺ˻طӡ
˼˵ӣΪ·
аǴ˶ķ

糤ͽԶǱܵüϵĹԱͷһСڲס棬
ԼǮӣ߶ʮľ䡱

ȥɣӮǵģҵġ
еĻأһЦʦô󷽣ҲʶһܲܽӼýӼң

лͷȺ￴һˡ
һҲŹϲǵĽ£Ǻˡ۾ĹԼϴżЦ⣬ĳڲͬ
Ӱ

ѾԴ븩׳ƳѾӰˡ
糤űȥȴ˱ΨһĶӰΪʵͼȻʮԡ
ȥûа㵱ʵľндк֮󣬱˻οյǮ̫ˣһѶûӮǮˣʦʩʩᡣ

Ҳ֪ô˷糤ΪʦȻԼıʦֶ˿𶧵ݸպĵϲĴСҲһע
ǸܺõĶѣӮ˴ϲȴҸһȫȻ·⼴עһ߻ܸнЦ
оԼӦúܿĲǣǾǹֻȣ۰Цöô𾢣Ц

ѡ˵ط
ͽǼҡ

ű̺ϰҲߵˣ·ͻصǸʮǮ
ߣ串䣬ÿһλͷӭߡ
ĿºͣһյҹĵƣԶҹˡ

ôù
Ϊʲô˵ûûˡ

ʦ壿ʦ壿ǰΣôˣ
вԼôˣعֻۿеȣһŷʪġ

ָմϵۣЦһ£ʲô군޸ƨ

ķϰԱðСģʻǲòģ滹ż乩кһ档

һûʲôӾˣʹġ
ϰæͷԸ˼䣬һʱŽӹǹ뼸λڱֺŵġһϻԪС˵һ⡣ԺֺţȫС׼ֻҪÿʹ죬С˵ĸˡ

ڱʱ򣬹߳ҲӣǶǶ߶²òͣλϰȴ溬ЦȶТӻҪġ

ߣʦھǺܳԵÿ
֪ǣŻؾãûôͷ¶棬˭ϵ
ֱϰ壺ӣ

ϰЦøТ˳ˣﲻ֪ôСѾСˣС˲ңǶҵˣС˻ú̺ùǮ

סˣӡĳ
ɲǣȥСžսϰ廹ϲ˵һ˸Ļͥķ⣬ϾսӣǴͬ޵֣һʱѾӣνս

ૣΪʲôҪĳ
СȻǿ˱Сŵ⡣⻰˵ϰԼţС˭ټܿԼҵĶķת˵ǿ˱Сŵĳ貼áС±С֮վͷԸĶȫάǰҹģһܸģС˾ѳҲֻѰ桭

Ļû˵꣬½һ˻жôˣ
ϰæͷĻСǴ

е죬Ҫš
¶ķ裬άסǸҹģǲΪҹ

ӿϰ壬תҪȥҽǡ
ǲУΪҲϡ

룬׷ĺһ䡰ǵȥ㷭ֱǵıԺ
ɣţǻУš
ֻһλпûٴֱӴ˽ȥڳرһץסֻɺס

ӰڱԺƽûܹίħצ֪ǲ˵ЩӰֻһֻеñһֻҡ
Щɣֱֻ񵱺һϣһβ͹ˣѽӰлл

ем㣬úô𡣡
ɣæͷ

ĺķǷ𣿡
ɣһ£Ϊѵص˵ͷ
ʲô
ɣһ£еɺ׾ɺĴųëҷɡ

¥

еĶһ¡
ǡȥĲ¥

أ
ɣѾҳˣϷ

ϷţҳԹǼ𣿡

ǾôһңǼһļңɣ˼洫⣬ǲģӷҪ֪˶˰ɣҲӳ԰⻹վ˼Ҳǲ֪ӵôģ
ɣ˵꣬ӿ£СúܣɲŪ˰

ʲôʣʲô

ͨһҾ¥ʲôɽǱɽţǼ²ҾֵģҾͲˣֻ֪Ǿ¥Ȫ
Դɣʮ¾еҲһ׮ҵͨݵʲô£
Щˣûˣ

лɿ֣ӰɣɹԺǽȥ˸ڡ
վԭء
ɣ׵ģס

Щطȫȥģϲġ
µģµĺۼ

Խˮ洵ҡɳɳ졣
ڴЦˡ
Це㻶ϲеۡ
һִδйġ临ӵԼҲ˵ǿģѹ

Ӱ㵽ڸʲô
㻹˵ϲ





76.     Ǿ㰡

ÿ峿ڽϵ, ǰ̯СϳĹԱ
ǵһǰʹ洫һ

ȸֱͨʹ, ǰٹϳʱ, ˽ǻû
ȻƿľǻвõһЦ, 磡

ʱîʱδ߸շһƬǰ, Ǹոտʼ, ȫһƬС
Ц, ·, ҫ硣

ϴƷ佫ĹۣĶ, ճݵ֫ͷһ, Ӣ˲ֽСɰ
ǲֽ֪Ȼͬ໥ͻͳһ, ȫԼıȻģ硣
˵˳

вΪ, , ߶߶˵, ǰİ̴, , ҪҪ԰֮ġ
, ŹģȴһҲûȥ
㱼ֻص˹ȥ, ĿֻҪһ̧۾ܿ
ǵһ̣֪ԼЩӡ

빬֮ٹٽҪ³У³ʱ򣬻֡
ǰϳʱϰ߶
ȻҪ˲ֻϰԵһǵ֡

ϰǺܿµĶһû˵֣ǷԼЩȥ
ʱһ䣬˳ǰߡ

Ƿ˻еģпıӰ΢΢һЦȥ

ӣ֪֪ҽģ

ǣ֪

ϴǸҷ˸ƷٶҼȻ˹ٶȻϳеԺһòã

ǣҲͬ·

¶Цݣ£ÿȥſڵ㡣

ǣɲء

³֮󽪰ǰ£ڹ²ãｫ
и

ڳ˽ǣλƷ£æ

λض󻹸żˣżֻ䣬ЦеλΪͣʮ࣬Ҽϴ󡪡Ǳ£ҴЩĸҳȳԺúȺٽæ

糤͵¡
û˵ƣһл

ĲڹСҪһȥСˣʹ͸㡣

ٴʥּɱͷĴ˶Զˣǵ

ҴŷõģҲǿˡ˵űǵ鰸ȥ˵ˣҵľϴģͶ㣬ϴͶ㣬ȫȻûʲô

ǣ

ⲻԼתĳ룬ʣʲô

㶫

Ǻɣ߹ȥ롣
ͼϤλãһϤĶ
һֻֽС
ֽʢһŴԲıǺ«

ǰǿűǺ«ӣΪšֳϣͷʹߣΪһ򿪾ͿԿȻͻ뵽ңԲԣ

̧ͷֱͦ˼ƽ˵Цˡ

пǣﲻҿңʲôʲô

ǻƵϣž

бǳģȻһԾ档
΢΢һһ
еĶ죬һ䡣
̣Ƿ˽߬ŵȭͷһ˿⣺ʲô

װҶˡп۾һ˿Լ֪ۣÿƭҵʱֶô߬𣿡

κһ涼׹ƽǵģ䣬һ˺üϢЩȣѾѻ˵úˣΪλҪ

˭ˣɵԾ棬Ǻĺ͵ĵġ

ļˡ

߽һ
Ǻһ

п˿ӣӣ˾ûеطˡ

΢΢ҧ㵽

ѽĻľҡбǺ«΢пϢѾЩȵĽǣ΢ЦźһҾˣ˾Ҫײˡ

һ˵һתӵģ

ֱеӰʧҰУĴҲû³Ӱǲһ

ֻǽüͷ
Ҫʲô

*

дӴ˳˱ĳ͡
ְǱ¸ǰĴˣټ֮ǰŽڱ£¶ˣ͸ؼƵġ
ÿҴЩ¶ʮֻӭ

ˣҶŪ˻·ʲôͲ͵ǶǸӣؼҪǴӽǰ֧
ǺҶʮԾһÿ˶Լһȥ飬ƬҲͣãҪȥףɿǰʧ

ȵĴǣۻиʲôӣֻڡ
ӣһץҲᷢһƢƢ꣬ͻԾģȻ㲻ˡ

ǵԤٳҽ˵˰컰ǶûᣬйȻͣͣ
ڽΪҪʱȻյǰʵӣðô

Ǳ²ͣû̧ۣδš

˹˼ģһϲǮȻ򲻹ңҲҹС ԹԵ˵Ҽ޸ô

ǵıһ٣ֽŨصһʣƻһƪ¡

лһ˫۾һԲأؿ㲻˵ǲҲͦã
ţӶĴӦǲģϴҴͻ顣

˵߾ߣһͣٶûС
̲סȵȡ

лͷһѧؿʲộָ

ǱӣΣһʲôӣҪУ̫ƽӡ

ʲô˼ʣǼ޵ûǼ޲ã

޲áǿˣ뿪ǣشкжڵ㡣

ΪʲôѵǾûкж
Žǵ۾ЩӦһûлرߣֱָоþûйˣõޱȻǰÿһ̹̹ްĶӡ

ֱ̫̫ӣǴ۾
ǡǺܿƱãһжᱻȨı֮ʱҲ췭ظҲʯ٣ǽһѡ
ѾѣֻϣҪ

ǺСºܴ󡣡ٴ̧۾Լӱܣ۾У㹻ʱ䣬Ҳ㹻ɣȥأǶһҵһܴ㡢Ҳչˡ

Ŀתؿӣܾû˵ˡ
º͵е뾩֮ǰеġ
ʱҶƵʱѹǮʱǰķӣ

ûһԣĪҪϷ
Ǵ֪˵ѵ£ÿһֶһϸ룬͸Ѫ۵߳Ѫ顣
Ϊ֪˵ġ
Ļһˣϲˬ棬ůǣ֣ȹһ

֪кȻЦˣǽϲЦݣγϪѾҵˡ

΢΢һ١

ЦǾ㰡






77.  Լ   סô㣿

еˬ, ûһ˿ԥҲûһ˿ɬ
̹̹ڡ

Ǽ˷бİ, ϰ˳Ķ, ٶĹĶ˾ռߣֻÿһζǱһѩնꡣ
ʹ, 

ҪˡǺľܼ仰

пЦЦǲǺ, ׵ġ
˵ÿ춼һ, ȴҲûĴǴ, ò˾, ֮ǰͻȻ֣ڽһѡ

ǣ
ŭӦ, ѾЦƿ˳ȥ
ֵʱ
Ӵ⴫

һʱҲ˵Լնһ㣬ͷ۶һ㣬ֻֻǡһ㡣

оôϳֵ, ϳ·ȸ棬ֵʱ򾭳ڽſڷֱ

еԲ׼еʲô
ȲҲ, ûеô, ҲûннԶ, ֮һжԤ֮, ƺҪһ°Ϸ, Խ, Ҳ, ýû취

ԱߣŽǽ˽Ҵţ뿪, ϵŷ磬һչĳ

һֱĿıӰʧתǴȻûջ
ǳȥǰ취
ȴһֱиᣬ޵ͻأϵһȰɣٵһȡ

ҲٵһȣԼͻᷳ
Ҳٵһȣ㲻ڴϳ·

λ㵹ǳģϳֵ겻ģϦ빲ʵĽ
ԭ˵츳ڳˣ䵭ʵ䵭Ȥ

ǻתԵʵŮ鰮׷ҲţֻΪھˡ

ҲãҲգҪ֪ô㣬Ұ֪һµ潵ּͻ飬ܻǲܣ

ǵݻȰס¡

ǸúӣҲȷʵģϴûʲôһʧҲһ죬¾ͻЩϲ
ԭ˵ţ߽ǣߵǣ֪Ϊʲôһûй𣿡

ǵ

㲻֪㻹ǸɵӣҵټΪӱ˶ȴʲôΪʲôΪҰˡ
ԭ΢΢Ц忡ü۴ϳȣ潪½ʮº͵صһҪҪΪæ

*

ڶ컨һȸ׷Ͻǵ
Ȼˬк簡
һкһ߿ŸӣЩ

νٴкҲû
ɽֵ鷢ˣк꣬Ȼˣǵ

һЩǺ

ϲϣʡ

ϡæﻹһӻƳγεӣֺõصݸǣӳԲԣӣ𣡡

ûӣҲû˵ֻĿ
̲סмַ𡪡ѵô죬÷޿ˣ
ԲԲԣԼϲģӦֻи˲Ŷԡ

̽ʣ㡭Ҫ
ǳô浽ʲôʱ򣿡

гҪʵ
ס
תȢΪֹ

ǣ
ǣ˵ǲܵġ

дӱߡһ棺ķǡ
û壺˵ʲô
ûʲô̧ͷ¶΢Ц˵Ӻóԡ

̾˿ң㶼в㡭
нӿڵûʲôģæģҵģⲻͦô

΢΢üҰѻ˵ꡣ
һüëˣŶ˵˵

ȴֶסˣûڡ
һʱֻг֮

Ҫߴߣȴףƺʲôڷӿ
ãڵҪܷŹң

Ǻ侲ġ
ϵҲûʲôԵı仯
ƽ䵭ģ𲻴

ǻǰп϶Ҫסˡ
ʱȻ̽䣬أ˵սȭͷ


ǵڳһ˿ҡ

ӣҪܷŹԼж۾ϲһ𣿡

ҧΪʲôǲţҵѾΪһƬҽ

ǣյ˷ӣǶķأ¥أ¥أϷأе·Ҳȥôһ

ͻȻһǱӣ˽סɫףô
˵ֱ㷢Լ޴ҧҧסлѣҶһ⼸ҵȥˡ

ôãˣˣж۾ӿգҵԷأͷĶҲտ𣿣

ְ¡
żϣײģҪ˵Щ޷ڵĻ

ˣ
˦֣֮󣬰ԱСϵĹĶƷˣһᶼǣĳ͸⶯Ϊ֮һ٣ӣ

ǴϢţдԼרʰģзɾƽϢ˺һܿڣ¡
˶٣УʲôĵطҲ罪ҵʲô桭

ٸףҾ㣬ϲǲϲʹ컰
еϢҲȣ˷˳ӲµͷĻӻ̲סð

ǣ˵ˣϲ

УҲţ

ǣ
ǻ˵ʲô
ֻĹĵӣ֪ص嵭˷ڽŵգǺȻУǴİɡ

б۾ʲô

Ҹһʱ䣬һڣҳԼϲ㣬ұȢ㡣

̣е۾ˣⲻΪ֮Ŭ𣿣
ҲӵģҪأ

ϣѵܱҾͷ

СߡһҲǲԡ

ǶɳʵЩֵסһӮˣǳףˣ뿪ǡҲҶģ

ҲҡּǴ˻еѨʲôң

áǴӽĪҪٸϳˡ
еˣȥǲҸϳô˵ʵиֻҪӦؼңٸ

˵

رԺסе㣬ΪĲǼ㣬ҪǰرԺ춼ܼ棬ҾͲøϸˡ㿴ô

һ˵һ氵ΪԼкá
ǵطڽԭƤ£б£Ҳʩչ
˱ԺɾͲһ

á֣һΪڣԸķ䡣

еֺһƣô˵ˣ

*

ϽǻصԺʱ򣬷ıԺƻͨʮ֡
ͥԺæµ߽ڽԭƬѾɾվڸߴʾǶ㣬һ˶ӵ͸

üʲô
ӣЦܵǰǷӰûϵҸԼһ
ŻѣͥԺ磬ӳøҫۣԲľλһǰ޿赲ʶƫߣ˭ģ

ôأеҾϲסԵ᷿Ҳס

ǣ˵סԵ᷿𣿡

һ£Ȼ¶һȻı飬ɤӣǸǻûףסһӣðɣȿȿȣǷһҪĻҵҲǿԡ

һϤĸоˡǾʶʼʹ
һеĺ죬ֱӰൽԺ£ָбĻլǱߡ

𾪣㲻ס

ǣֻӦرԺʲôʱӦҲرԺ

иɲסһһô㣿
˵žԣæҲǣǸ˵סôӮ㣿

ǾҪıˡ
˵ţ顱һصعԺš
ŵĶּֿ죬Ϊһ㣬һܿϷĺΡ

Űسһǵһ죬Ѿʼеˡ
һ£Ŀס






78.     ա

Ҳеˡ
æڹ, 飬ҪסڱԺлᾡ, ڲסһ, һ涼ס

̱ﳤ̾һ󼱱
סǣʲôȥ
æ˵ͱ, Ժɹűأٲվȫʪˡ

̧ͷȻ˿׷, ︣飺, գ
һ㶡
¶Цݣۼҵıȫóɹ

ⳡ, һֱµҲûͣ
ϻصԺ, ɣˣŵ, ɡӡ

ʱüͷ΢ﻹһ⹫, ˿ˮ, Ĺÿһ˿һ廨, һû
ǺȻͣ½Ų, ɡˡ

ɡ־ٵø߸ߵ, Ϊ߳, ܰɡڹͷ
Ҳ, ˿Ŵɡ, ķһſСˮ飬ڵĹâ£ϸˮ

ЩˮҲ, ڵƵĹâ¿ˡ

ǿסһĳ嶯ô

㣬ЩûһõģҲ֪ձӣȫʪˡⲻֻھӼˡ
֪Լϸôų⣬ȻҲÿӣǲģ
ʵڳ
ǰĺܶΣһһӭ
˶ޱȣϵĹٷӣȴҵóһ˿壬ԶأڷеӣͣͦΡ
ôôϲ
˵ˣڿĵһ˲䣬ü۾Զ¶˲õЦݡ

Цݷ·˽ǣ̻عͷɣ
ɣͷȷʵˣūۿġ

ǷԸǱһӵϡ
һߣæϣ㣬ûõģⲻôҵķ֪ؾȻʼ©꣬ʵסˡ

ɣҲǣ©ˡȻɣű졣
ȴأԴӰرԺˣԼǻת⣬ﻹҪѻأ
»صʱڵӲô

̾˿Ըȥ˵һүдһޣҳ顣

ɣȥˣʱǸүӦ

üĽ飬¶첻ɣ

ɣ֧֧ү˵ԼҵıҲᱻʪԼҵķҲῪʼ©ꡣ

ǣ

򰵰ͷӢ
ȻͷŽǣ㿴޴ȥˡ

һ˫۾֪ǲմȾ˴ҹˮʪģ֪ⲻģ鲻Խһ񣬰һֻܷ紵Сè

²Ϊ
һ䣬ת鷿

һıӰлӣ

ǻ͸ɾһл·ŵĻ価š
ǰ߽鷿
ֱ鷿ϣϵıŷ
Ǳ㲻΢΢
ǸɵģΪסȻô󾢡

ܿ콪Ǿ׻лôɲֹΪ˽ޡ

ÿ캥ʱңɣΪ׼һҹġ
Ƿ¹ģ̧۵ʱȴסˡ

͵ȴɣǻС

ϴŵɫ࣬ϵŴˮذ޳ȹÿһﶼƣŰƶͷ˫٣һԱһΣϵŷ
ˮʪϢⴵ뷢ƮÿһӯȻΡ

λؾ֮ûװ磬ŮװҲŮӵԲ֮࣬ͳһӶȽխȹҲӲأȽϷܡ
ʽһغͷһֻβԼûйӣǵͷԶϸϸ飬ë׵ģ˺˳

ǴûмʱһϸüëɫҲƽҪ࣬Ρ

ÿô
а̸£ʵʱȷ
ͷһ˰ԼԼֲϰߣɣ˵˶һڣһԡ

ûڽϿڡޡ飬ҲûмˮѪǵرŵˣ۾ֱգҲûգһ¡

ûжٸдܣһƨǰɣҲùֵֹġ˻ԴΰҵԴۡ

ǻع񣬴۾
һ䡰ÿѾߣȥһ󻬶
Ϊʲô

Ϊ˹㰡
Ȼص

仰ɱ̫ǿ󣬽޷мܣù/Ѹ٣ҪⴺҹĿ
ȡһֻӣòԼ޴롣
Լֵ㹻ָ⼴ʹ΢ĲҲЮ˵Ķȫڸǡ

۽⣬Ƿֻпʼ

ǣ
ﲻô

óôʡ

Ǵųŵɫͷ

㡭Եǿ⡣
оú֣ǵʳһ嵭緹ҹ̩ЩСˡ

Ҳ£Ϊʲôҹп⣿
еֱӶĲ죬͵ҸԼ׼ģ˺öȻۣûԳô

žôﵽθһ߶ǹ̵ģ˻һ㡣
ǿסһˮĳ嶯άŵȻɫ˶ǻģҸĿζˡ

ŶжԴ˺ɣڵظЮһ飬һ飬ǷԵ㡣

ǿǰǿġɢŨζ⣬ͷһζԼӲ˻ɡղŵôʽģ

Ǳ߻кȻ·֣е졣

ȻһʼͲס£
߱ƸôԶΪʲôô
Ǽĵġ

૵촽Ҳú졣
һ䡰ġȴСһֻ̧ۣ˵⻰ʱ֧ڰϣ¶ɻ󣬷һԝĹ⣬ͫһ㱡һգ۱ữˮ

飬飬顣
Լס
Ҳѹס

Ժһ䡰ԡڴʱֻһͷ
ǣСɡ

ȫ˼ģÿһÿһ綼ϲģ
Կܡ
޷ܾ

ӣμ㡭е͵͵ģеÿһֶͷͣ˺һŹȥ֪ҵĹʦǸͷֵֹģһϡŹֵı¡ڱʱһ㣬˯һȻҾε㡭

һ˵һشսǣĿһֱû뿪ǵĴ
ӵĴúܾ£ܺÿʱڵ¿˺ҧһڡ

Ǹʱ촽ҲôġвԾһڿˮҾ͡͡


ʣͳһ˿Լûвơ

͡͡
вԾԽԽ鷿ûйأ紵˿ڣݽǵ߱һ𲻶鷿Ĺл㱣˸˸һξ

һڡ

ȥȵĴ

ĴεӡԺʱֱ˳֮һϯǻнǵϢԼ·Ҫڻݼĸо

Ҫ
һסԼһԾ˳ȥ

ǿӰʧķ򣬺һŻعصĨһ
ա





79.  黨   ķǺܺô

Ůʲô

ۣ
һͿ˽, ͹ȵˣʳ仰Ĳˮ˳ȥ, һҴӴ, Ϊ

ǵͷ̬ׯصͬԴκһ׮Ҵ¡

λСôˣ

ݵúԡɫ, ̡

Ůˮ, ǳ, ǻĲ, ǿټ򵥲, żݻǾҪ޿ҲҪˡ

ҡͷݻûá

, ǡ֣һȥⱲӻԵˡ

ǻҡͷ
ȻŶǿӲһ, 涯ֻ֪˭˭

΢΢üԡ

֪Ĺ˼ɵģ̾˿, 룺ŮҪǶ, , Ӧ黨ǲݰɣ±ͻݴȵ, Լ¥, ܹһҪġ

סˡ
黨ǲݡ

*

ʱ֮, ӵС¥ٶˡ㡷
ָŪ, ˮ˫Ļֻ꣬ϧ, Ƶһһ

һգٶߵߣס˽ǰľƺˣѾǵˡ

ѡǵԿ⣬ƺҲһ

ֻһ˶һ

ʣ˺ȾƵģʲôô

ǵͷЦһЦΣ̧һſڡ
ͷˣҹʮſڡ

Īڵˣ

ǡ̾һ

ڵȡ
Ҫ

˻ܽѣҲһѹ

֪ǺηͣʹЩõȣʡ
䣬¥±ִ
ӵС¥·صأ˭ģԼ˱档

ѯʵĿʾǣǵͷ

˽
ӵĻû˵꣬Ѿû춯Ѿ

żﱻһ߳Ĵ󶴣˲ԼķԸʵЩࡣ
ͬһʱ䣬Ӷýһһɼ˽ǵϥϡ

Ǻε˽ǵļͷϸһĵ飬΢ſڡ
и̤ţľǽڻľ

ǲ˵ط·ǲдŮ͵ġ
һʣһ潫Ʊ͵Ǵߡ
ǵͷҪһȴ˸գ־ͰѾƱ˹ȥһƣϺõıѩգиõġ

һֻ̳̳Ŀ⣬һŨҵľʱ͸

Ҵϴ͵ģΪ˼̳һֱ᲻úȡ˵ţԸӣȡƲñӡ

ӣ
ô£·ȷʵдŮͣӦѰ˵ķǣŮ޵һŹΣΪ̳ⷽȻҲо顣
õģɱģĨصģ᲻ģûм֡·ġ

ǿڵιҪȾƣеѣαطҪﻵҵĺ£

£п˿ǣٿ˿ӣ˵ô٣Ҫλ˶췹ˣ

ͷᣬ۾ԲԲģڵ¹쳣ִԼϰߵԲۣͷβûа˿ϸ¡
С¥룬ȴһֵĸоڵĵطأС¥ÿһطġ

಻˼ô

С˻һӣķǺܺô

ޱ飺Ժ⣿

תͷӵ㣬ȥ룬Ҳ¥

סӣҪ˵ȴȻˡ
΢΢һ
ӸߣˣԶƭԼԼˡ
˰٣ü۶ûжһ£ȫޱ顣ǣиսŵһ̣۾ͻȻ˹⣬Ӣ˼顣

뿪ˣӵŮ
һƣһʣô˶㲻Ϸˣ

ǲ𣬲֪ǰȵе࣬ΪĻе㸡꣬룬һ

¶ЦݣȲŴ

Ҳãһ룬ָԼһ룬վͷһơ

вɶ࿴ۡǱ/еյӣûȹ˶ٻᱻţǺȵôе⣺ӣ

ûᣬٵϵ롣
ϲûʲô飬۾Ҳһֱţп񣬿ظо൱⣬㰴ס֣ӣȻ

Ƿ˦̧֣ͷ㵽ҪԶһ㣿

̾˿
ӻʹžƾȥҽǣɣ·
;òԾ
ȷʵż·٣ӣϾƽĹѾռȫʱ䡣

ӣҹʱȥһϻż䡣ҿʲô

ǽϵĴ󶴣Ȼάŵյģ

·˵Ƿ˼żѾǷҲˡ

վǸԼ߳ĴǰǲһƬ󺣣ӿ

Ųʲô˼
ϣϸŵкۼˣֻһѡ

ӣϲϲңжϲңԼ֪۾Ҳ֪ΪʲôһҪҴ߸ϿҪ㣬ܽᷢʲô£İ֣˭Ҳ˲ңһΪսӣӦҡ

ɵϡҡͷ֪µսڱ߽ھǣ֪ΣյĶڵģ

еӻһɱ񣬷ɱ𣡡

ǿȻЦ
ֻǵԽЦԽ
ô㡭ЦЦţ۽ǾͿʼˣΪʲô㰡

ˡ
ˡ
ԭӺģ
ϴǱͨ䣬ɫǳûȥһʱڵ£ļüĿ忡۽ǵǵ쳣ۣ̲סȥһס

ס嶯ŵһʣҲ𣿡

֪֪㣬񡭡񡭡

ʲô
̲סʡ

Ȼûеȵش𣬽һſ˯˹ȥ

У
˵˵һ˯İ쵰
кҡѽʣһᣬԸΡ

ջ̾˿ѽǷ˴Ǻñӡ
£Ǽʹ˯ˣüͷҲŵġ
üġ
·˯Ҳоõüͷչ϶һ˿ȥζ

й¥ʱ򣬷Ӿ¥Ŷ紵ķ˿½ǣȥȻɡ
ôõĻᣬβ췹һС˵ӣḺ㡣

ߵǰһָӵ°ͣϲ޵⡣
˶˵ĻȻû˽̻ʲôϲ





80.     ˼ֶ𣿡

ѵô, ʱͷʹѡ
şֽ̣̌ͷɣ

, ˭ģ
ɣüۺЦ, Ӱۼַ, ܴū˹̺ȵĹǴŵҲѰ, ɲԽ

ֹ̧סɣĻ, ֻͷˡ

۳ȫ, ֱӴ·ȥϳһ첻֪ΪԵ, ЩĲɣֵ

صԺȴ񾲾, ûа춯
ɣŵ󣬼פʵҪʲô

ûʲôһص鷿, Ѿ˱īһоͺʹǰҹûʲôͬ

һ, ѾӦĵݼŵ, ƽúδκβ
֪Ų, òϰ߾ͱ, ִд, õƹһ, , Դߡ
Ȼǻþ
þ·ᵽĺ

ǣˡ

, к˺ͽ֮仹жԼһֱûеǹԺš
³ʱסԶ
Զֻ˸вһֻгһʮ󳯻ʱһλãͽǰٹ֮׵λβʮǧ뿴һ۽ǻ쳤˲ӣܳ

˼仰״ؽ˻ϡ
ԶԵĸоĽǷ·ֻصõӵ״̬ͨһůϢ֮ǰ纮ԸʱͲһ㣺æˣȥ˼Ҷøǲ֪𶴷ǽһ޷죬ҺͰɶܲˣͷ糤ɵӻûܵ

˵Ȼɲס

ֶ΢Щ졣

˳ףҲҪڶԶһ˵һѾʼˣʲôﻹҪ죬øһˣ
һأѾܵûӰˡ


뿪ķüͷ
룬ȥһڸʲô

Ѿ˰ˣʼԣӲǰͲûԶЩôڻ𾢣˲»αȥ˼أ

ؿȥ˱һˣԵûѧᣬѧ˻ࡣ

ȥһˣ⼸ջȷʵר־ֶļҽȥļңҲϲʶӸʹ˼Ҷ

ǰסǣͷ۵ϰԶȻףʵȫɣ˵ֶǰѾָ׳죬ֺʲôϵ

Ժ֪˵ð㲻
ȴִᡣ

ýһݽհϲµ˵꣬һ䣬ӣһ£ǵ²ɡѲ֮𣬶ϲڰյϲϺΪҵðղ

ǣӢ

֪ǲԼˣܾü˵仰ʱƺûдǰôηˡ
ţͳһ飺²²ӿܻ֪ҪȥţȰѽˡ

ǣ
ѾǲηЩȤˡ

*

ЩæջҲܷ
Ѿ˽⾩ֶĸʽˡ
ͷ糤һһңδȻ˶ǽʲô
糤ʱ죺ȻǶ

㿴˶𣿡ʡ
糤ѾˣûûûûС

ҲûС˵ţһתһѰѷ糤˷ȼ֮ס˷糤죬ѷ糤һ档

·ؽҿƬֻºҡҷﻺ§һ
ֻ˻ûüøЩߺȻġ͵͵һÿô

ͬʱ̧ͷֻվߣۻ䣬ϲκα顣
糤Ŵ죬һ˲һαס
һǻкͽͬʱ֣ǵְ˻еϣɲǼļӴý΢΢һջ֡

ôˣ
зˣʲôʱʱӿĶǿ뾪ϲ°ڣһԲķǴƶ˼䡣
Ҳ뿴λúã

ǲµ棬ѹû̹ʲôСӡôȥУⶴϡ

ԭ䣬üͷʵʵհˡ
糤ΣʱѾ˾飬ݸһΪ֮Ϳˡ
ֻҪлڣӸ׷ˡ

ǹȻû뿪Ժ䣬ʻУ㵽Ҫʲô
ѧ˼ֶչʾĳɹһֻչѧһУӵм䣬һҧٺ٣һСģ˾ˡ

Ļû˵꣬ǺȻȵ֣
˵˾ֶôأ
ǵɫе֣ɫǵ鲻ԣеңеţֵǣֱ͵ķ糤еһƴ

ʲô

㡭ѵõؿסˣ˶ٲŵҾ

в⣺ʲô

˵һװɵıµǴнΪôҾͲ֪ʲôǵĻ
Ȼ䣬Լ뷨𾪵ˡ
ʲôǵĻ磿
ʲô

أϼʶȴã쳣Ѹ־ʣֱǴ˸СϷ̨̲ס棺ӣʲô

ĪҪһƽЩƽյĻײҵĻˡ

жʱ£ҵĻʲôӣǲֶô

Ȼǲֵġ

ƲƲ죺ǻϰճ׺档

ǺȻԼˣý·ӭҵڣ²Ϊ֣ҲһЩľȤʤЩ

йȻ̱ȤЩʲôȥ£
Ǿյϰߣһ˵һס˽ǵ֣ǵͷĿϡ
֣ôůôСһֻ
ϤĴдԺָҪӵԼ˼ȥס֡

һͷһעĿб㷴Ӧæɿ֡


Ҳ˵Լ˿Щʧ䣬ҿԴȥôӦңٲˡ

УҴӦ㡣Ӧ÷ɿ죬㣬ԭΪɸϴ᲻һأû뵽ҲַŮŮ࣬§һף¹ƾ͵·ˣҲûʲôÿġ

ԽԽ񻰣̲ססڣ

пһαˣҲ֪ΪģΪ
죬촽϶߶߶ŶŶ֪ˣԣ˵§һ¡

ֻöˡ
һȴĹң·һһصĴ磬˵ĻϲȸԾ

üδֿˡ
βǺţţ¶һϸϸӣ¹ӳ°׵÷·ܷ⡣

಻һζϲ
ʱȫ˼ϷǴӺζ޿赲ǷûʵԴֻԼƭԼ





81.     ˣ


糤ͽӺݵĻ³ﱸ, ڵӡ
ⳡ¶ڰ˵ǵۺ飬ǹ̨Ůһ˼, ˲ǽҺ͹, Ƕŵƽʣ, Żֻ꣬, ȹ껹֡

ûٸŮһ, Ǵ𵶵ռ뵤ϯλ
ϯİڹͬ, ζűµּ⡣ֳһϯ֮ص, Ǵ˾˵, ڵоơ
ЦԵ̧裬λȻǱֿȵĺˡ
бǰֵ, úǴںȾƣԶȺŮļҳҪ˼ö, ʱص컢ɽ, žƺ˺Ⱦơ

ȵǰʱ, ֽǵüͷˡ
˵ͥ, üĶʮϸ΢, , ļ磺ү, ôˣ

ݵúԡǿľƺٺЩ
ǿɲ, ϴȢţֵǶڱҵǶȵ㣡аѱıһİҾõúܣŲ

ʵ˵ôȣٺҲɡ
иһĵǡ

ֻһɲַǼУǻʹڣǹϲ磬ȳϺǰʧǡ
ܲԱǴʱܺ㱭Ц̸Ҳĳһ죬ͻὫʧдС
е֮ٶпΪδ»ˣǾǡ

Цģһ̾Ϣ
ˣɣԻչ
㵯ɣԻỤ

õˣ
ԭϯߣ˵⻰ʱ򣬽ԭںȾƣһûָգûУ֪ʵʲô

ˡǴ
һΪڣһ졣

ϯϻһ˺ȵñȻлࡣ
Ǿ
ͻб˻ƲͬҲãһһϵĲһҲûȴѾȥü

ʱڽӺݣǽӺݵڶδ飬Ҳڶ顣
ǿѾڷֱȻòᣬ֮㣬ϯ

࣬ʣĲȣģﺬ壺̿ԧ˫ᡣһģ޲֪Ѷϣ棡

е̴ӭӽӣλĽǵļ磬ҡҡλΣ޷׼ǣ֪ѵõʲôǾϲ˸պҲϲ㡭ǡСӱиáúúץס⸣

ᶫطˣҹɫվãصڡ
һͷֻеϯϿˡ

һʣ̵˵дҪ죬Ҳ˸ţūҲ֪

ǣ
һ㻨ҪµʱܻвõԤС

Ȼûã糤ߵСӱŻŹҽǣС˿ȥ
һĪǻкȵȥҷ糤ˣ
Ҫ֪Ƿ糤»֮ҹ˭Ҫҵҹ붴糤ܰᡣ
˵һ糤ĵǹǲŵ˼ȷʵӦȥȻһ

Сߡ
¡µŷԼˡ

ƣۺԭӦ糤Ĳã鷿Լƽվס¡µ
дװǽϵóģչ͡кЩϲģĿһѡ
ϵòϵãһ۾ͿЩóֶ

ȳӴߵּֿ죬СӸ۳һСˣȾȱ£ѻ߰ɣȥҪˡ

糤ȷʵ챻ֶڷˣǵΪУΪӺݸµĶĿǹʱͻжèڵҶ

ԭӺһǵҵȻܶ

ȷϾûϰף֪ǰݹΪлһס֣죬һҡ

Ƿˣ۱סٴΣַ·ûм䣬ԶһαסʱһҪһס
ֻҵڵ

нӲؿ˿ķ糤죬ͷһضϴͬ飬ͬǵǲǲֶ

˵أǸһԼᣬֻ֪֪ΪֱµĶ˵ʲôҲȥμӱ˵Ļ硣
˵̲꣬סЩ΢΢ҧȥֶΪ˽ֱµĶ

ǰȻΪҪ˭ģ˵Ȼ


Ϊ
ΪԼĶ

糤ǲỨһ٣ǲ֪ʱ˿̣ʵһ١

пɫٿǱ߷·ҪѵƤһǿķ糤죬ʼʶԣˣһˣһϴǸңˡ
˵һˡ֣𽪰Ǿܡ

ڹп񱼣ʧ֮ǴСѭ浸أͱܣܳһŷԼΥʵǶʱȵվסΥ桭

ѽٲܣһϴҲ벻˶ǰ᲻ɣ

иСȴһǲĽŲ
ܵúܿ죬ӯڷƮ
һк񶼱ˡ¹ŵĴ칬ƱǰĹĹâͷĹεˮӯӯ˼䡣
ǾԼ·һ޴ӯξɼĲɼ

ʲô棬ʲôǣʲôһȫˡ
ؼֻΨһʵԸһֱȥʱⲻͣĲЪ

п񱼳һͣ쳤˲ӻͷžϴ벻˶Ҳ׷ˣһ
Ȼ´Լܵŷ
д磬ŷΪæµиطһ徲

ӣ벻ȥһ̳þƣ

ʲôþƣ

Ȼϴء

׼ȫ˶ǰͷæµ˿ⷿﷴˣкͽǱ룬л˳ֻ롣

ⷿ͵ƣ·ҵյӣʣһ̳ˣҺýˣûڸඡ

ϾƣҪʱȻʲôо޲ˣһ

ǿѸٴڳȥıӰͷһֽĻ㱡
ȵû࣬ΪʲôȴǺ˵һ
ǵƷԱҪǱ˷ֶڿⷿ͵ƺȣô£

кܿͻˣ϶˼¾Ʋˡ
⼸˷ϯҲУųʱûиͷκһ˿ζʳˮһ޼޺ۡһϯضÿһ˲ͬζ
͵ƻƣֵǴӺԶĵطⷿ·䵥һ飬ûκ˿Դ

һһ룬һ̳յĴ
ϯϾͺ˲٣ӿʼеεһƣȻס֪ˡ

յӹŨңҲмˣڳЩࣺ֪ʲô

ʱ˵ȾƻԻʽ֪Իʲôʽˡ
˵ţֶž룬ı䣬¶һЦݣʽ

ƻ΢΢ζЦչ⡣
ؿĿ·ҪϣȻ΢΢ͷ˲еƣһһ㻺غơ

ЩΣӦҲЩ㶵ؿ꣺ӣ֪ʲôô

ǵĿ÷·ҪУơ

еס
֪
ˣ
Ҳ˵

ˣһӾϲˣ

ǿû˵Ѿ¶Цݡ
Цݲ˿ƣޣޡ
ǰȹܶƣûһ֣ȵùҹȵùʱ
͵͵ģһ˿Ц⣬һ񣬡Ѿˣ㻹ȣ

æ¶ž룬ٴδı䣬Ȼڴںơ
һȣһ濴Žǡ
ҲڣЦᡣ






82.     ˵ʲô

Ӯ˶Բԣ
аѺȿյľһ, ȥץסǵ֣ӣԸķ, ҪȢˣ

ǡ
Ƶƹ, ǵᵽ˼飬ҲӢ˼顣

˵ʲô, Ѿˡ
Сʱʦϴ书ͷޱĽ, ѧʦϽ, һ˲˺ü
ʱ˿ӿĿ, ȵҪǿҼʮԭһ˿Ե̶ֳ, ִֶּɽ츲, ܽųơ
۰һУڿⷿ˼
ǲ, йĿҪʲô, Ҫ˼֣

Ҵ, Ҳһζ뿪, ҸЩԭԭ㡭
г, ֻкȻ˸, һЦ
һֻɢС

ͻһÿһĸоԶ֪һ˲ʲô, ʲô, ϲ˼ҲɢʲôҲ, ֻôһ𣬿

ֻǻзͣ˫Ŀص쳣ͫͷ·ССĻȼա

У
Żһб˵ǰ˫ץסļ磬֣صصӣҪ㡣
ⲻѯʣ֪ͨ
һ˲ĴĴ

ǵˡһ죬ԭ˵ЩȫɢһҲ˵ˡ

۾
ӵĴġ
ůġ
ġ
ǲζҶϵĳ¶ζźһģһľζң㣬ʴ

߹㣬ʱҪ۾

иоǵָԼ۾סԼĺףһֹסһֻĻƿ˻

һжôϤѾһΡ
ڱʱǸֵĴУеϸڶڴʱȽȽա
̫ˣֲλʵֲǱǾǡ

ӡ
ɿʱѾЩֽץŽǵ½󣬾ˮץһ鸡ľ
飬飬飬ͷΡ
ϸģнǵġ

Ӳƽʱôƽͣڵ»ްʲô籡

ķӡİֺϤ
һ

ǲȥкȻʣﻹЩ΢ĴϢеɳơ

ǵ΢΢һ£ЩԭѾӿɲǼ˻ȥƣûС

ǴʲôʱҪڣֱӴ϶
Ҫ飬ֻÿһۣÿһ˿ÿһգۣظ

ԭҲΰ૵Ҿ˵ôôΡ
ɺͼ뵱ʱǰ״Σôûֲأ
ǿ⣬˭ó

ԣ㻹ȥɺ¥ǸѷӸǵľǿˣ㡣

Ҳ֪˵ʲôͼ֮ľ룬еĿ̫峺һԼ˵Ĵã¸˵

áеͷ

ǿһȻץ½ϵ֣ٿߡֻҪһͷȥľ룬Լ΢΢Щ׵ĴЩѵرߣû˵¡

á

һ˵ãһǲ

ǲеЦӦõã㵹Ƕһ

˵˵ʲôáؿҶӦ

΢΢ס
Сɳˣʲôʱô˵ˣ

Ҳۿʲôۣ
֮ǰס
ֱ§Ĳϣ֮Ҳûκμ϶Ӱڵ΢΢Ȼһˡ

ҴӦ㣬ҪߣҾߡ

Ǳ˸ֲ⣬Ǹжôôˣ

ΪڲһΪңʲô¶ʲôΪҺáееʣߣһҲΪҺãҲ׷㣬ǲΪˣ

ϸһ£һֱ׷ֻΪ
ҪģԸװ
ΪԸף˵ϲ
ϲǿ̫ˣ

ǵ˴˿̣ףԭҪģ͸ˡ

Ǳḧͷ΢΢Ȼڳ
ǵһͿ

ޡҪ

زҪ
§ĲӲ֣ҪǮƵʣ̫趪ˡ

ıһһ°ƽ°͸ļϣеɳƣ㲻߱˰

Цһ£ͷףǡ

̧ͷ۾ӣ˵ϲҡ
ָס°ͣ۾˵

йԹԱ۾
Ȼ͸оһ˴ϡ

ϲ㡣

ǳǳϲ㡣

*

ڵʱʰң뿪ǡ
νңһİһĽ顣

ɡԶ糤һڳǽͱУһصûϻʱĲΪֻ˵ȥߡ

˻֮󣬻бˣˣȻȥɡ
ҲǺġһֱվԱߣȻûпڣһֱڻϡһ˵ȴǱʲôճסƵģʱϵƮ
˵ͻнһسˡ

ʳޱ޼ʣֻʣ»뽪ǡ
ûдˣǣһɫۣͷδڣֻͬɫ紵Ʈɣûкץһ档

չȣǰ˻Σʲô

вڵؿһ
ֵأܵŨҵ黰˵оȻе㷢죬ָʶؿ

ķðãɽûǳҾ磬һֱΪҶӳĽǣӦģ
ѣɢڡ

Ǹʲôʱܻʡ
Ҫ·еΡ

ʲôʱкã
ǵ˳ڣɼЧ

ǲ˳أ

ǲ˳㲻û
Żе۾˵仰
۾ڴ˵κһֶǹ

һ߾ܣ˳
˵仰ʱ򣬺Ȼ˽Ӻʱľġ
˳
ֻ˳
Ϊ飬ֻʤܡ

з
ΪߴССһֻ޾Զ죬еĲڴʱ·һ㣬ط˿дŸݣתҡ
еͷá

⼸ǹ԰ипԵۣߡ

һȥ

֪Ҳر룬ʵҪǻ㣬ϾȥĶ

ǺȻ΢΢һЦ
ԸоԴӰѻ˵ǵЦࡣ

ҵĻȻҪ֪ͬ£̤ϱͽϴѩƣʱȥң

˵꣬һǡ
˻һһ𾪵Ļǰȥ

ϻͷ֣ӰԽԽԶ

쵰㵽Ҷ£
ԭһһֱǵã





83.  ·   òô

·еʱ, ڽϡ
̻£ݴůϴ˿, , ַŮȵ·

·ʵڱ, ǿຮ֮أ˰벻, Դ·֮, հ, һдΪĹ, ڽһĴ󳯻ϣ糤, ·ȫС

ǻߵۡ
·ôû, ϴʹɩ޳ɵģȻǺööƾôҲǺö, ûЩۡ
û, ַԺǽúʵһЩ, ϾϻĿ, ʵڲԸ˱ڽǡ
е㲻ͬ
ᵽ˽ǡ

ԭȦĻֱ, ɿߵŮ

˽λټ, ״, ϵټ֮λ·һҵһҪܿ, ټĽңҲǸտӣǲҡ

Ůֻ˲ɫûü廨еĶѾһŴǽ߳һֻ󶴡

ڼʿӣģҲ곤ģٱȫס

һ̤ǵӣӸ£үү

곤һڣ󡢴󵨡ݳѵû𡪡
û˵꣬е־סһֻ豭һһɷмָ©

˶ʱɫүүү

رϳǸһ׽ס½󣬰ൽǰֱײ˴ӣӵݳ˴⣬˵ҪҰ㲱šϣһ֣ǽǱȽϲңȽϲң
ַøߴ¥ҲԶ˵šӣ׹¥ŵ۽УҲңҲңңҾ˵˵˻ڲԣүү

̫ףҲǽȤޱһŰȥȻһ°ڣ
ʣǼ˴ĴľҪ·ӣֻǲȣһѩĴ󵶾͸˲ϡ

˵˵Ϊʲô·ǻң

*

һ鷿æʱŻطЪϢ
ɣ˽ϴǺȻţԼ

ɣС̽ǣûҪ󣬲һ£ֵǶȥ
ɣŷӦ¡

ڴϣҲǵĽŲԶžţڵ

߱ƵĹâ΢΢˸һ£ӷһˣӯ䣬βķ˻ΣЦüӣô֪ңһǴ̿أ

̿ͲҵĴϣѱ˯һӣ֪ƽ
ıԱɳһӡӣӡӵĳ̴Сһ۾Ͳµ

ôòӻô񡣡Цҵȵù۵ģԾһ

ƻڵյһﾲ˾ûٿڣֻ·˵ӿ֮⡣
һδ˵ʱͦȻӣһ˵бĪÿе㲻ԾʼеҲе㷢̣ǵ˵ʲôⰲɣȻܻԼñȥ
Ǹûкͻˣ㲻Ұɣ

˵ͺҧͷ
ĺ

ˣкãǵһЩ

鶼򶨣ֻһ˫۾¶ĶŨңûʵߵʮ

ٽЩ΢΢ͳ

Ϊѵصٽˡ

ǿòô

ǡ̾ٿЩҾ̲סҪˡ

һ£ȻͷЦ
ϲЦˣһͷЦһֱ۽üңЦķʤա

㻹ʲô

ҡԥҪһͱ㣬᲻Ϊɫԣ˵㻰ǰġ

Ļû˵꣬Ѿ˻
΢΢ͳԥԥհǰ˺ҵĶҳԶţôתˣ

˶סȻ§סĲԼȫȫϣԴ۾

ӣҺ㡣߹ܶطܶˣÿһ˶㡣
뵽Ҽҷ̫ѧҵ
ˣ뵽ҼҷӵĽǲŽ
á߲űȲҼҷӡ
Զھǣȴãһ̧޴㡣

Ҳǡ
ִͷߣ̫֣أȴ޷˵ڡ
סĸоȦסһ磬

ǵģҲ㡣Ϊ뿪֮ÿһӣжԼ
㣬㣬һ̧۱ߡ뷨ǿңʱǵ뿪ĳԡ

лллл㣬ҿ㣬㣬㡣

пĻоޱȵİġ
߹·ܹ꾭𣬺񶼲Ҫһһķӡ
Ӧģ

ӣ˵·£˵·ý군𣿡

סļ磬۾Ϊģ
ǡ°ȥڻġ

ǵ͵ЦˣЦ͸ŴеĶƵġ

Щ㲻ҪġҺͰݻὫ´׵ʱٽؾ

һԣ̧ͷ㻹Ҫߣ

δ˽ᣬھǣҲġǵ㲻˵ҵô

˵˵ʱ֪أЩ˵˼·н컻أһϦ˵

ӣΪʲô֪·ԽҲҪа

΢Цⲻҵô
һ㶣ʲôʱ̹㣿

˵ģȮˣǱɱͷȮǵڣʱˡ

˿ɽһУҲлǰǾֱ顣
ҸҪһɱ

ң˵㻰ɲ㡣

пˣԽº͵ʱ򣬾ԽԸı䡣
˸⣺һ¡
ű·ؿ˹ӣͳ̳ƣݴıѩա

ǺȻ𵱳Ǳ͵Ǯĳ⣬ʱߵʱǸͷöԼǸʱͷ۵ĹΪˣǸԼǾԲŵİɣ
˾ı£˾һ߽ôôҲβˡ

˾ڵºһ̳ƣ߶߶һһʮԼЩӵľȥɽ֮俴סҶĲɽδԣȥ꽭ϳζȥůϽʱȥңԶĶĿΧȴֻľ㡭

һֱţϴЦ⡣
֪ǴģԼ۾ȥ˼䣬ɽ¡





84.     ˵Ц

ʱԼڽǵĴϡ
ֻŽǵ֡
̤, ͷڴϣǼƣ˯ȴǰȺĿ, ʮ

ü, ۵ʱѽʱ۾, ˫üȴ쳣չûкȥһ
ֲֻ΢΢һ, ۾

ˣ
ͬʱ, ͬʱһЦ

΢, , һжһɴֻб˴˵Ц΢΢

, ǳװɡ
ص
ÿĵһۣԼ㡣

ǻġǵڡ

Ƕ֮, Ǵͻгǡ
еһһˣûϴ, 빬һ˵

һ빬, ʱ㲻һˣʲô, , ߲, ϴһ, ұ

Ӻ˰˾, ר˾·³һһҪţΪ˾֮, ֮أݲ˿ʧ
ܵסҰˣȫ¹ֻһǷ糤죬ǻС

ⲻǽ뿴İţȴòϣΨһеİš

ѧˣĿŵԺסÿϹһߣ˷֡

ǰʱñȴǰЩиʱͻһ緹
гԷҲûʱһ첻æųԣһֱȰȲͣҲ֪ô໰һЮˣһЩ
ЩԣЩ˵Ǻš

кȻͣ
ʲôʡ

еҼǵǰ˵ģǰҳԷʱ˵˵ʳ޲
ǵЦһ£ǰǰڡ

ֻ۽üҵЦҪʳ̲סʵǰΪʲôΪʲô

һţס죬ûлش⡣
ֻЦ۽Ǽ
ǰǵӣǡˡ

*

˵Կȫ򣬽ͷһȰƺãڶ첻ˡ
ֻû뵽˱硣

ԭ鷿ҹΪԭ裬ˮ𣬽ԭˮ󣬿

ס

ɡԭڣæĶѵüһ棬Ѱȱ裬Ҫܹ

£˴һˡ򶨣ϿʲôߣʵѾʼ³
ÿֻ峿רʱţʮԡ

ԭȴδУֻݸһյ裬˼ҵ£·һԺֻΪ˺ͶӺȺȲ졣

ǣңֻ﷢࣬ƺˮǿġ
ͷɫѾٹƬ̣бˡ
֪ǲ̫ŵԵʣʹ

ζôԭȻʡ
áǴ

ԭЦҹɵټᣬӺãĶϳɢ͸ûƵġ

е㲻ԼĻڴʹȴԽԽԣվֳ죬ͷųĺ飬ȴ޷һ¡

ԭӲǵĺǣ˵ҪԣҪΪԵĺӣǲϲġ

ǳشϢţ˵
Ѿͷ˰ɣԭһֻҪɱҾͰѽҩ㣬òã

ס

ԭָסǵĴֻһ֣Ǹ֣Ҷ
ºͣݣϿһ˿ԥһ˿ϧ

ͷŽԭ
ʱʼŸ׾ƣһֱһֱ׵Ĵ࣬һֱò
Ϊʹ˵ֳǾž޵ãҫۣܵõ׵עĿҲϰˣҾҲã׵ĴصʲôҲõÿԹԼҪ

ֳȥټĵӺ͸׵Ĵһ䵽ļϣƴȫñӵŬȥص߾ܣıӲһ˿и
ƴ㻻˸żļĿ⣬ȴԼûеĿģʱ˿ԭڡ

ҲԸ⣬ǲľžҵʹǶŽԭ۾һһֵʣҶ˵Ƕӣǹߣ

Ͱߵ̫ˣʵһģһԭӸ£ҳǵĸףǽҼҼֻҪߣĹߣô

ЦˣЦЦűͷΨ˫ᶶ֪Цʡ

ǣԭƮ䣬ʱ䲻࣬һڸڵ㣬ͷĽҩ

ԭҹ뿪ˣ鷿ڰȻάŷǸƣֱϤڣӣ
⴫صʱѾ˽ǰһһʵıʯôҵأ

ǻ۾еӳúܽռȫҰ
ӣɫôôѿϸﲻô

ûʲôǾԼЩûʱΪ㿾ȫˣȥ𴦳緹ɡ

ûû£û⣬෹ҲʹáߣǳԷȥ˵žҪǣȻץס֣ߡ

ֻɫҲ䣬һڣʶȥסʲôˣ

û¡ǼάƽеۣЪһЪ߰ɡ
ɿ˵һΪд̿ء

˵Цˡþȫȵؽĸͳڡ
仰ȻûзģһԹ뿪

ıӰ
ĲԶȱҪӯһЩÿһ̤ضƶһһУǱıӡ
ô󣬷β˦һε

ߵſڣţӭߣ¶һõЦݣȻŹš

鷿ڣھʹ֮У¶һЦݡ
㲻ɣܿһЦ

Ƭʱ㱻ƿˡ

ôˣԭԼҪô

̧ͷΪʹѾûһ˿Ѫɫ۾ҲգҲաģҪûȥɡ

ΪԸȥԭüôĶ

Ǳ۾û˵Ҳûжʹϯȫеֻάˣε

ãԭҾ֣ԭ˶٣ҹɡ
ԭһһ˲Ǹоҹ죬һҩ˽
ҩڼɬޱȣܿ㻺Ƿ˵ʹʹһ³һϺɫѪ
Ѫһ³һ㣬һε֧ŲסҪ赹

㵢̫ˡԭһҪอҲˡ

ǳ̧ɻţܿأˣ㡭㲻ɱ

һСѾͷаֵȥԭ£żϵĲǣ㲻һ£ҵҪʲô

ǵǰһ󷢰ףҩ֧Ųסιȥ֮ǰ³֣ݡ

ԽЩ壬׻һáԭŻ赹Ľǣ滺·𽪰ǻƵģԭ㣬ҪСѾͷȻҲǼõġǲأСѾͷ֮꣬ȻȥбѶΪҽʱĺñ㡣

ǵϣǻѪ˿һ

ԭ̾Ϣҹɣ˵ҵĺΪʲôôʡأ





85.     

ʮȻһׯ, ҲȻһλ³˼ңԳ³֡
˼ҴüĿ껨е, ˵, 滨ҽϵˡ
ҵ˲м, ɩ˵зӶԸ𣿡
ġ³ֵ, סúð, һжòġ

ɩİȷʵδ, һڳ
֮ȿһֺŨҩ֭, Ũȿ֮ζûʶ뷭ӡ

ú, ҩڣҩܺú, ˣܶԸ
³до, һԤŶӵ·֪ȰҩҪǷѵ㹦, û뵽, ˵, оһѰҩ˹ȥ, ˹˾һˡ

ҩ, , ҪθϽģ
ҩЧܿл£˯ߡ

Ҳ֪һ˯˶, Ժʱϵ˿Ѿã³ι࣬Ȼιҩ˯ȥ

³Ҫιҩʱ򣬻һץס³ֵ֣ҡȵʲôҩ
Ѫģ³ֵˣôһԹԵġ

ʲôҩһȾ˯
ԴٻҲòˡʱֽ٣ȻԸһ³ֻ׾٣³ιҩɣԼĲӷ˻лλƣ˵㵽ʲô

³̾˿ˣˣҲ޷ˡֻǸ˵ģ֪ԸķӣӲǹ֧㡣

һʱ䲻֪ҩԭ򣬻ԼӱͲãɩƭң

˭ܵеùҵİǾ㡣³ֳ̾˿⾩ǣѾˡ

*

ң¡
Ȧźӣ˴ԼΪ˯ˣָһ̺ӡ
Զ滨ľ֦ȻϿһ˿ף֪ǽԭŵİ
ǻԺеˣȫǰ
һһڼ֮¡

ʵ߸ףƽʱ״̬ҲòôοȻ˽ҩЩԶƽò˿һ

۾ӳ
绹ôúһжûз

̶ʱڣ罪ҵĴսһɵıʵȫϴԭȫ˳͢糤챻µλؽΣӺ򱻽ԭӻ˽ңԤ޸µۡ

ս֮󣬽Ǻһ档
ʱԺĳ̸ͣЦ˴˶ȹӡ
һεļȴκһζҪء

ֱʵҪȥʵô
𣺡ǡ

֪ǻҲǽҵĿܣ

֪ƽݣʵһֻһôǾǿȢӺݡ

ǳĬˡ
ĳ˵ĳľ˽ӺһֻҪӺݻãױ

Ӻݲ֪ͽԭʲôЭ飬ҲԸԹԻؼҴޣʱţҲԸ飬ʱ򻹻һŹ֡
Щġ
ȻǳԽԭ⡣
ԭڵͷ

ҹӺݴ֮󣬷˸գкϣڿֱҪ硣
ԭ˰ѽǴ˹

ôǵһ뿪ԺӣҲǵһμӺݡ
Ӻ˺ֻܶ࣬ƮƮһĨһƷ·ʱƮɢ̣˫Ŀգյͨ죬硭硭

ˡһס֣ôˣ

硭ߡӺץס֣Լϡ

ڣ粻ߡĸ׺ʹȥǶþ;һֻС޻˿ڡ
أоӺݵָỮ
д֡

١װ

ɲǼ䣬˽ӺݵĲһĲ߻Ĳ֣û¶˿쳣ֻսӺݵ֡

ӺݵĿڴﵽǿŸյϷ
һֱڴϣֱ˯֮ȥԭ
ԭڵȵҪġ

ˡҶԸ׺ʧԽҲʧһһֱûиı䡣Ҳ뿴ܿࡣҪңϣһҹס֣һֱڡ
ϵָ˴ǰıǽԭ⿴˽ǡ

áԭסļ򣬡ѾһҵĻʺһڽҵĻʵֻۣҪ߽ѪͳĻӣңΪˡǣΣһ֮ɡ

ǵžǣס

ʹ˽㣬ٴγ볯ãƸʤǰǰٻбһ뽪һ̣ǽһ˵㡣

ǰ˸ҵٹٽ³
٣ޱ߼į

أǰĸһȣʲôˣ

ϣ˶ˣѵϵˡ
еˬʣýǵѸս

ʱӦñ³ԺŶԣôǣ

ߵĸȷʵ类ԭǵĸϴýԭⲻ٣ԭʲôˡ
ȷЩȻаڰиԱ֮м֮ʵ

ʾڳڿ˻С
ÿһγ֣·˺ʱգһγǰģ
òȻ㴩һԲۣͷȻųβİӢͦΣ˫պ󣬿õ˲չˡ
ܺãܺá

иʮӻ֣¶õЦݡ

ǿһһֵص浳ҽ£ۡ

еĶôãȻܰĻ
һ䣬

ϵЦݶסڻԼĶ䡣
ǵΧС

еľ񣬵ڻȸǰģе㶵ûӦ߿Ǻӣ㷢ʲô裿Ұ

ǿҪôߵģҪôõûɱһ
ɵӣѾ˵ôףҪ
߰
Ӱ
Զ뽪ңԶ뾩ǣԶҾ֣ȥңĶң

Ҫɱ˱㡣ȫάƽĮ˵Ҳ˵ںڰеİ糤Ѿˣɡ

˶סˡ
ѸĵѾǰǼҪڵϵһ̣еİػӳһƷ˲

ټ
ǸŻסûһܵסеĵ²żʶʵҪµӷƴҲͣ½ŲǲҪĴ򷨡
ҪѾܿˣµһֻȥҪ

ֻڼ䣬г˽ǵĲ
ȻĶҲΪֹˣһСɵذ׵סıģһƽ𣺡ȰĪҪ嶯

ҹɡ
ǵͫ΢΢֪һ˰û뵽ɵ˾Ȼҹɡ

ҪҪһԣ컹ҿ죿ûлͷڸҹ˵۾ȴǶŽǣ˵ͱʱѾǼټԴˣһһҵҲ

ҹɵαҪԼϾ·ҸһΣ

áдӦʹ䣬һ֡һ
ʱȻյ˳ԱߵķתûӰ

ټ𣿡ҹʵˣ

ûСǵظɡ

£۾Ҳ
Լϡ

Żгһ̣Ĳȴס֡
䣬ȴĵ¶Ⱥ͸ϣļϡ

֣ɿһֱյȭͷ

һ£Ӧòˡ





86.  ج   ɱң

ҵĻ԰ھһ, 㲻ǰٻʤŵʱڣҲȻкҶ̾Ŀ
Ӻͤи١

߹ȥ, ӹŮеĶ, ϡ

Ӻͣ٣ͷ, ջõͦ硣
ȻԶ뾲š

װѼ뻹ˣ

ǵͷ
Ǽ, м˵Ⱥ

ʲôˣ׵ѵ, ÿһﶼбõļ۸

ûʲô̾˿, , ˣĪҪ渧ˡ
ҹȻǽһʵ˸, 켾ˡ
һֽͣҲһʾĺӣǳԡ

û𣿸ϲ︧, Сʱҡ㣬, ;, Ǹ̸, Ա߸١
ڸ˵, һĻζһжصƻ, ֵı
ӺΪ, ŮΪ, ұ㽫ϣ¡

԰о󣬷·Ըʱٵǡʱ緢, ֪˵Ŀʱⱳһ˫۾Ѿ趨δ

ӺݺȻ֣ḧϽǵգ磬ǲǺۣ

ǵ˵ͷʶһЦҲ֪
֪ۣ֪֪ů
żżͣ½ŲԼһʬ⣬ҲڳԷʱһ´ǰԵζתᱻԼǿдϡ
ΪӵйʻòҪ𣬲Ȼӱ

ǻҪ٣ܽһУ

ˡӺݵͽǵһƮܻġ

̾˿·뽫пһ¾
ǵģһܻġ
һв塣

ƻѾе˹ؼʱ̣κһ˿ǰ̽䡣
ʱ򣬾̤һ

Ѿ£޷ʹҲ޷ΨһҪľǽꡣ

*

ҵҹبð
ڴϣȻ۾
һƬȻΡ齡硭һнԽںڰУȥƽûʲô

ֻģģӳһӰӡ

ǼԼΡ
ΪǵӰȻģ˳ǻС
Ϣĸо
Ҳ֪Ǵʲôʱ𣬱ĴҪҪһ֣Զˡ

ˣӰӶ˶д˳ѹõ͵͵ģͻȻúÿ졣

ǣ
ǾõĶ

ô
ô
ôܽ

ֻ˵֣˱סˡ
ԣ

㼾ˣԺеİûгأܻʲôҲܻежߣܲ
ٻʾ
ɴʱϢҲͺƵϢ

ֻһܡǹһֻ۱һֻۣģ

޴ĺӱһֱθǡˢһ³ͷĽϻ·㲻ߣȴңϴѣҴΪźû뵽㵹Լˡ

ָеʺֻŰľ롣
սָڷףֱ

ְ
ź

ȴվһҲƽӣҪҵĽǰһ㡣һͺá

ЦΪҲңˣ
ĶȻѾˣһ£Ÿ߾ٻѳ
ѵĹâ˵п˽ǲ԰׵ӣǿ˻ƽɫ

ýָű˵ˣͱýָŵˣ㷴ˡ

µȫ׼˻С
˿ԥ򽪰ǡ
ǲ԰Żе۾Լ¶һ˿Ｗһ֣ɱ

书޷ѹưܱƵӣҲ޷ס
ԣӰ

͸еĵڻն¡
еİʣûлּסеĵֻŽǣӣɱң

һһֵصҵ˼ô

ؿеϪγǴûмߣ·ĻͷӿȴȫѹסֻЩɱңɱңԼ

ǵԽԽԺС
ҹԺڰ·ڰΪһ壬ؿߣһһԲ

֪
ּʶճȭҪ齣һҪԶ𣿡

㲻ɱ𣿡ж۾ˣɱô񫣿

ԣÿһֻѺȼ˽ǵţһܴ޹ǵļ尾޷ѡ

á³֣˽ǱԸ
Ľһ޳ǻ԰ˮһ͸ڻҫ

һμʶѽǴڶķʱ
κһμĸоʱǰ㾪ޡ
һˡ

֪ж֪ܸپϲֻһۣ٣˷

ɡ૵˵Ȼİһն¡
һٶİı缸øվȽţ׷׺ˡ

ǵĽסһײһԽ
Ȼ󣬽ŵС

˶Ա˴˵ʽǳϤǵڶķֵһС
ڶķʱ򣬻˽ǵķڣǵĽͣʺ

һȫ֪һУɻȴ£ûܣ˻΢΢Ծİնڽǵļϡ
ӭ˽ǵĽ⡣

һз·𶼱
ۣŽû뻨š

İȴû䣬ھ뽪ǼϷһλͣͬһ޴Ĺľͣ˳ǰ

Ȼʧȥ˿ॡһء

·ʲô˽ǵԣôϢĹһƬհס
ӦԼѾס˻С
пıһ˿Ѫɫƽûһ˿ŭݣҲûһ˿⡣
һɽС¹һ飬Զһ˿ĺ档

ӡ֣ȥֻ츳ִʱ̧ĶҲ

ץס֣סԼա
ˣ΢΢¶һЦݣޡ޿ģʲôӺ

𣿽ǲֻ֪ҫۣӶ˭غڻζģ壬ͽ͵ȥǵѪȴôҲɾΪһֱڶúԼġ

йĻʧ룬йܾʹǵ߽ɽԺĴĸ׺ʹͣ顣
ڣүǳجΡұʱҪ磬ҪпᣬΪɱ

ΪʲôӣΪʲôӣ
˻ƣҰںС

Ҫˣ㲻ɱôЦһ£˵ʲôҾ͸ʲôҪҵǾȥˡһᡭ
ԽԽͣ˵֣촽Ѿ⶯۾غ

ˡ
ͣͣⶢϣһգգ

ġġ
š
һ۾һٿڣ仰˵ꡣ

ʲôἫˣᣬ㻹ʲô

һֻ˹̽̽еıϢǱŭޣػӹ

ҹɱܿһټѾˡ

ܣɫҰףûһ˿ѪɫۿȴǺģҪѪ˿һֱŻУһֻӽҹ

ҹ̾˿
ۿŽǳģҲۿŽǾĲ¡
֪ǻ˶೤ʱǼ߳Ҳ֪ǻ˶Ѫ;Լǵġ롱
һ̣ĿѹȫȻǰ˫ȫλ˳СһѵĿտǣ¶ĻǸʮꡣ





87.     Ҽ

ɱ
ԭһ˿, ʣȷʵˣ

ҹɵͷȷϹͣЪ, ȷʵ

ҵû뵽, ֡ԭΣ, ҽδļҶһƬġ

ֻǣ˵˶˶, ʵ, ֻ, ԰ǵĽ, һأ

¿ҹɵ, ҲǷ糤ȥټˡ

, ô, 컢ɽֻԼѰˣԭ, ߰, ҵ뿴, ôġ

ֻǻδ߳鷿, а, ǴŻȥ˱Ժ
ԭﻬһĹ, ΢΢˹ǣˣҪͣô

*

ԭԺʱɣһ, һǳᦣϰ׵
Ҳۣ˳ʣɣһ۵ɹȥϸЩӸǰ޳

Ȼ˲ſԭʱŻȥˣȫڵϲҶ
ټأԭʡ
ɣæ˲ᣬ·

ԭȷٻٵƬ֮ǰɾˣֻǻûеؽ㱻ֹԺԺһƬ棬һյء
ɣһֱСƬյأʱʱ˳ȥӲݣֻɺҲһƬڡɣ᷿ؽ£𶥶Ϳǻؽؽ

ǡҹ֪Լˡ

¹ⷺףƬյء
յͣһ߹ľͨ崿𣬱ⱦʯĳĳĳ£ɣȥƵġ
ɣܱ˾еĹײ̣ûһҽӵ⣬ŷԼҴ˷µȥ¥
ƽײģ˵ǹײģ˵һ޴Ρ

ײĴ֮Ϊ̫ӴһֱͣںԺⷿڷݱ֮ʱӹһ١

ǹڹײǰֽǮ
ֽǮһֻֻȥ档
ĶһһֽǮŽ裬ľȻûʲô飬·ֻһǣѾ롣
¹庮ϣǸһ㺮

ǡ
ԭһ

״δš

ǣ
ԭ̧һ

̧ͷ·ľżõؽڷડ졣
ףʲô£Ժ˵𣿡ƽƽϲӣҪһЩ

ԭüͷڡ
ƽʵ¹˸һĹ⣬ڹײڣ۾ȥ·ֻ˯ˡ
ֻǰѪȾѣҹɫп췢ڡ

ǣˡµ֣ΪοֶΣҲĽҽ㡣ԭ̾ϢΪиʣݺᱱҵĻΪλĽأô

üëû̧һ£û仰ֻǾֽǮҲûбҪ¡

ټĽǰɱ֮УɳսһģɱˣټһһԵҹɺȻڵ

ԭȻͷҹɣºͣ˿Ц⣬ҹɣô

ҹһݣһʧԡ

ôɱİŮˣʹ֣ǿôԭ΢Цؿֻ΢ЦֽȥģҽӲǲǻǹ֣˿ڵĻᣬ˿ڰǳһƣ

ԭһ˵һ߽ͬ齪ǣ㲻ͬ齪ҵټ䣬˭ʸδˣ

ҹɲһش𣬷

ԭ֣ҹ̧ͷ˽ԭ˼һذ׳ʵԭС
ԭذףײġ

ǣɱ˵ĽĵʵҪԭҪѾˡȻǲ֪ΪʲôȻԸôǾٳһ㣬ɺã

滺ϵĶֺֿ죬ذ׵ĺӳ¹һײڻеĲݺݻ¡

ذڻвϷͣ£Ѫŵ⣬һһεεеϡ

һֻסذס
ԭ̧ͷ򽪰ǡ
ϲǽǡ

ϳĮ鲻ڣһƬƬĴߣϰʵײ԰׵ûһ˿ѪɫۿȴѪ˿һڣ˿ȥֱ䵽ķ

֣ԭŭ巢֮ĸײûˣ㡪
Ļû˵ȥΪǲûɿ֣ذףһذ̧
ԽѪԽ죬Խࡣ
Ƿ·оʹ֮ļҪذ׸ѡذױת򣬶׼˽ԭʺ
ټҹɵذ׵˽ǵľߣ÷


ǸоԼϵУǶŽԭִＷÿһɭȻĺ⡣

֮ԭһʶԭҪһЩӸµдźεɱ⣬Ǹһֱǰ˳׵ĶӺ񲻼ˣȡ֮һɱɱħ

ƫҪأԭ۾ҪҪһֿ컹ҹֿ죿

ǵ΢΢һ¡
ýԭһĸоһ̣Ǻ˹

Ȼ󣬽ǺȻЦˡ
ȵԽЦԽ

ЦʲôԭʲôЦģ

ЦԼҲЦ㡣ЦᣬףΪ˽ңӬӪҵҵıԨ˶˽ȥһֵ𣿡

ԭǱһǶ⣬ɫ԰ףǽҵļӦΪҼһСҲһ

Ҽˡ

õĴڣĻ䣬ȫѪġڻƽУһС
ȻأʣΪһУҿиһʱ̵Ŀģ

ɵӣҼҪĴͲǿġԭ˻֣ҹ˿Ȼ󳤳̾˿ǣ֪жѹѹԹûа취ǳΪҼıؾ֮·

ֻʧȥĶŻ֪Լǿ󣬲Ҫ¡
ΪҲûܶһС

ԭ뿪֮ǰĿ˽һۣοźҲ꣬Ŀ⸴֮

ҹɸϣʵҪʬ¡
ˣ㿴ôͼıҶҶӣԺ󲻱ٸˡԭ£յյңδҲػΪյҡǵ

յϰǻתŹײġ
һ棬ȥ˯ɼˡ

Ͻ˼ѪӣǷϵѪ
ȥȴԽԽ࣬ȻŷԼϵѪһ

ֵأһҲۡ

һֻ֣½ϵѪᡣ
֮ϸϸ꣬΢΢Цˡ
Ŷԣźá

Ȼײģ˻ߡ
ӽԺɣһֱľսΪǼȲҲüͷûһ£̫
ʱɣеĿ־嵽˶㣬̲סҽһӣǸʲôǧ벻

ɣ𳳡۾ֻ

ɣÿˣҪҲô㷨

סе֡
á
ļ簤ļ磬ǣ֣ߣһ۱Կ

ԭĲˡ

أĶһ¡

Ǵܿ죬ֶһ¡

Ȼ

ּֿ죬ƴȰ˵ɣһ

ŻС
ָ΢΢Ŷ˶Ȼüë壬۾

ԺǴ˯˯ر𲻺õ֣˴һƵģ˯ˣ

õĻشһҽС
ɣѣ˹ȥ

ȻǵĻ
ǱôôҪ˻ԼĹѪС

УС૵ءػ֣֣Ҳ˵Ļ

ȿȡбڻеؿڣӣʲôҪ§ҪܲܵһȣȰҸɡ






88.     ꣬ҡ

ǱʷΰĴ˾, ڼʱ򣬿Ԫϣϴͨ
Ԫ, , ȵԪ緵أָܻ糣, ҰսΪ񼣣ⶥĤݡ

ϵȻûʲô, һ㿿һҩ
ҩʱ״̬, ҩЧȻѡ

ͱر֮ǰ, ˼, ãϻڶķʱһŸ, Ҿԣͦá
а˿ڣ񻹺, ˵껹˵ǲɵҩõ, ҩ, Ǹϴ, », ϴϥһ֪

ǿ, ڡ͡סҲɿ֮䡣
⻹ǴˣǸˡǽ֮밢Ͷ, ѵ, ǡ

ֻĿҲãеʱ, ܰҧгݵ֣ӣû㲻ô

ǡ˻һüͷ

϶ѪԭȻΪմģŷĵ˿ɼǡ
ô£о֣ղô˵أô

̾˿
ԭʹģʹ·ѡ
ʵѵֺֹʹأˣ֪ϲŭʲôζ֪ÿһöֵڴ֪һһĶǻϲ

ʹڴ˿׮¡
Ϊ֪ʹı

ſ˫ۣ§˻

Ϊܵô˿ڣһҶ֪㺰ɱǼٵģ϶˸㣬㲻òôҾҸӽ㡭ʱܸû˰ɣԲ뵽ҩѽǱˣɣѴȻҸҩɣ

˵žҪǰסı𶯡

֡
¡
ô£Ѫ
˵£ǲ¡

еͳʹ˵йԼҪһ£ֻ˵ֶҪˣֻʵʵ

ӡңǲǲҩеǲˣ

ûСǵºͣƽ滺ֻҪţʲôҲûС 

̧ͷ۾ĺţԼ˺͸Ļ꣬ӯӯƮˮϣůʲô롣

ķӡ
õķӡ

¶˴Цݣȥȥһ¡
ûԴͱ°˽ǻУ˾ͱ
˶٣΢ô

϶ȾѪһѪ·𶼴һ˿⡣

ô֪ЩǼٵģǵʡ

⻹˵ôлߣȻסҪ˵ˣ͹Թҩ
ǵͷ

ˡץסû˵ֻ֣ųȭ˵ΥĻʱֻػضճģԼ֪𣿡

ǣ
Ĳ֪

ԭôô˳ᢣΪӪвʶķӦ

ԭʱΪ֤

Ŷǵǣһ˳ģղȭͷҶ֪㲻ɱҡԼ֪ԼжͣʱҪ뿴㣬Һ㰡ӣôû㣬Ҿ뿴һҲá

ﵲס⽣Ӱס뿴ķӡ

ǵĿѲףѾʼ١
ֱ£̹ϵ˵ȴĻ
ƫƫԼһһ档

ﻹٶ˵һЩȴѾܲˣͷסĴ

ô
ģͷ
̫ˣת˲š
§סǵĲ䵱һѧѧӣǻȥ

µİ׵ûժƽײĻͣɫ£綼¹ЮһƬ庮֮Уڻƽů紺·һ硣

*

ȻԭаΪŽûûڱԺ
Ѿڰվ˽Ӻһߣбڸס¡

ʣƻʲôʱ֣

Ǵ𣺡ȵݴ֮ʱ

һ£ãǴɩشˡ

ؼ֮󣬽˵ʲôǺгҲûһ˿ûд֧ߡ

зǳ⣬ǳģôôˣ

ԴһǣûûС

б˵
ֵһУԸǣɲýҲúɱֻҪһסǰô˵ģһҲԹй
ҪǱУǾס
֮󣬻ʲô͸ʲô
ʮֺڣǰôû뵽أ

ǹȻмܲסҴǰΪֻҪƵ㹻ԶܻǣҵǰҲ֪ʹǻˣҲûʲô˼ 

е֪ӣҪϴʲô£ҾҲҪΪǱ𰡣һ˵ǹƥһ𣡡

á§סºͶ֣أһһ

ͷֵܣͬ
Ķ䣬˭ֵܣ

*

ЩӽӺһֱΪҪؼһڵı
ûе̫ãܿ콪ǱյڵĴѶ
ǺԼıԺ档

ǳºڷߣһȥԺȡ
ڽĸ׵ǰѴ¶ڻȥ֡
ʱȣҲ׼سǣȴһȡ㣬λǰ¡

ǳǵĽڱǽӺݴڼϸĸֳ֮飬б㾲վһԵ
ǵ
һŶӵĸǰܲôվţȥ¡

ͷֽǿϵںɸ֣ºдżΣȥ㡣
ͷĪְҴûݹˡ

ͬ㣬ڽ߹£Թ㡣
Ӻݼ飬ҪЯֶԸԼĸףкܶ໰ҪԼĸ׺ֳ˵ɣ

ĸף磬ǻУҴˡ

е㲻һ̧ͷ
ֱǰλᣬĿᶨ³ɣһΪޣȴ°ܣұǡΨһϲŮӣ룬Ҳһϲġ

˵꣬һߵס
дأ˵

ǿЦЦôϸδſͷ
ûûУǡеͷԶᣬٶ˵ɿؿһͷȻͽһ/¯С
һֱźҪƵģŽǣ΢΢ӡ

ɫȻ򶨣ȴҲһ˿ͣɵϣʱôܽҷӣ

ǣСˡ

ǣ

ҲԣǽʲôеĴһƬհס
ڽ˽һð֮ǰҰǡ

ǡһ飬ϵЦһһ㸡ֳǣǡôô

ǣ

ţ磬Ƿİɣתλǵİõˣһúôģ

ǿĿ·ܻˮһֱϡ
꣬ҡ
ܳأ롣

*

鵱գʹװϲ滺
Ǵš
ƿ֮£ټڵôôʤȯѾˡ

ĪҪСҵĸиµģҰǿУʤϣ²£

Ц಻һˣʲôµģ

Цôѣôˬʣѹǹ⡣
ЦԶܵǵģã˵˵ģһһ

ҪкȻӣмһֱ㡣

£

Ǵ·˾ƣ˵ңʲôţ

֪΢΢һЦһɱ֮ʱһǶʱҾ͸㡣

лʣѾһ£űš
дȥ
Ϊˣǰɣ

ûлͷҲ֪дʱı顣
۾Ź¶ɱȴһֱһĨЦ⡣

㣬̻ϻ
ȼ֮ճɻҽù
Ҵˡ





89. []    ˵ˣһӡ

ںʷ֮, һÿһ¶顣
һ죬ӺݵγΪʺ
һ죬ԭεķ糤, صǵλ
һ, ҼԭڻʹС
һ죬ԭԶڱ빬, 뽪ǵĽӦϣҵһ򾡡

ս֮, һδ
ڽǵĴѸ⼰Ͻ͢, мȻ, ڽһȥ, вۣ̾ھľһһɢ, ǰΪʷϵм

Ҳӵ˷糤콻һڷ䴫һ˵̨Ů, ʺӺݱ

·Ϥ꽪Ӻݾһ糤ڱļġ

ʲô˼ʽ, ϴ뵱ʵˣ
ʵԴӽԭȥ֮, Ӻ䲻˵һ겻, ȴǱȥ˾һҲǳԷ˯, ȥö˶˵, ȴǿʲô, ʲô᲻, 糤ʹķӣûһЦ

Ϊðǵϵ, ҲΨаǸ׵¡

ԴɩҪʵˣ˼һ£һĴȣ㣬ҿϴλ˦ɩˣʵ۵ĻǴɩڸɣҲôһΡ

Цˣ̧紵ҵķͷϸܵӵ졣
ãǲ̫̫ƽƽ顣

ץס֣һڣգգ۾

ȥˡ

ھľǲ¥ƹݣÿһλ˵ֿѡ˵Ǵյһ𣬺ܿһ˷θ춯صġ¼ھǺճѸɢÿһ䡣

ⲿ齲̨Ů͹·նĹ£Լۿ죬ÿһζ̲ס˵
˵ʶǸһֱΪ֪ÿһ˵鲢ï¡

ĳʱ˵ͻÿĿİ֧֧ᣬðˮ
ǽӻеʱ

Ҽҷôô̲סʵ
ǰеԽӽ˵ԽԽʱ򻹳˵ͷ΢Цء

û취ǰһӣ˵飬λãҵⶢҵ۾һ仰˵˵һͷƤ飬ףǸˣڲˣһǻ£ʵǿס

ӻп飿
ȻˣԼرǶʱ¡
һʣȻˡ

һΣǻûʱ˵ҪȻʹ˵СһΣҾͺһΣСĸʵܲˡ

ЦЦȽǽȥſڵš
ƻʱ֣۰ڿУĺ˼ӿŲ
ͷĦ࣬ӰмûΪӰһʵĺֻȵһΨһĿʵһ֣ǧ֮п

ôô磿ʡ

ϦѾֻʣһĨµĹ߱һֺĺ죬֮Уῡò˼顣

ͷӣ㵽жϲҰ
һıӣ֪ʲô

˵֣֪ϲңĲ֪㵽жϲ
ÿΪ֪ˣ˸ң֪ǵ㣬̫ˡ

ǰӶԵӵϲж٣

ʵǽйˣ˸Ŀڣһѱסǰǣң㵽жϲң

¥ſڣ֮أȥȥӣǴǰǶȻڴͥ
Ĺâţɰ˶ţֻﶼġ

жϲ
ԼҲ֪
ţÿ춼Ϊģһɡ

*

һλʵ۷糤죬ڸλİ󣬽λøԼĻʺӺݣڵںǾ׵һʡ
е˶Ϊ糤ľٶе𾪣ֻли糤ػ˸ơ
糤죺үˡ
УڿԳˡ

³һ׮ϲ±ǽ뻨еĻ
º񲿹ͬЭ죬аƴӹгޡ

֮ǰĦζڳѾ൱ḻľ飬֪Ҵж鷳ο½Ѿǻ壬ǿ˴ʱķӡҷ糤Զͺ˹ơ
пؾܾˡ
ܾĲǹ˺񲿹ԱǱˣ˳Ͽҵص㣬ǻúûţģֵܾͱ¥־

糤ҲȰΪԼİһʲô˲õģ㻹ǲ컢ɽĺӣ
ܽˣȻžе㲻ԣ˭ǺӣǻƻŮ𣿣

ǻƻŮ͸óƻŮӣҼұµǻ֮ĵһ׮ϲ£ɱ

ҵһγס޲ǣⱲΨһһγףʲôӣѻ
зһ
ЩŹһԹԵϲУŷӭȢ

Ȼ
кһ֮󣬡ô

˸ʱδʱ̣ҪʱǼʱء
дͣ˵Ҳ˶̲Ȼһٵʱ

ҡ
סˣŵؿ˿ˮ©ڣ
ɣҲѽҵӣ뼪ʱԶأɲ˹أ˵ûأܵõȼٳš

ȲġǵԼھ͵ó

ɲаɣͼֹǺȻЦˣЦ΢΢죬ʵҲȲˡ

ɣԭأŽǷ˵
ֿ峺Цݣһ統Ǹǵꡣ
ҼǳôģǵǸҶӣŲʲôʱʲôء

ѽô찡ôˣ黹δǻһţ׷ɣ

ʲôô죡ɣĨĨ۽ǵᣬ׵˾ͺá

*

Ǵųӭ׶ƺƵʹȥ
׷ãѭ浸أû뵽ĴϣӾȻ
һ룬Ϊгĸ񣬺ҲֹһˣҲһˡ
ôһƽˡ
ֻƽֽĻûãΪһ˲һδסˡ

ֹӭ׶֮Уÿ˶˵͵͵ľ
߸ߵĹǽϣҫ۵Ĺ⣬ҫ۵ģϵˣһɫߴķɣϵ񱦹ҫۡ

ǡô/ʳһ䡣
Ҳ/
ΪѾˣû뵽һûֻи

ڸ߸ߵĹǽϣ˽ǡ
źͬļǽߴ壬ڻΡ룬ƴɫԽ׹ţڷ΢΢Ʈ
뿪飬۶
Աõ·Ƽһ㡣

ĳüüڣŹ⡣
ӣûڿɽ󷨻þе꽪ǡ
ɽһжûзķǲǾһֱģ

ӣ
վĸͷ
ǽôߣĸͷ߸ߵһɫġ


Ǹߺ

пĵԾ³ǽ
ӭϲзһһµľк⣬ڰ۾

һ˲ȵһϤĻ⻳ůᣬ׵ڡ

оݣ̲סճյӣÿ

һ˲˲ؿֻһڰȥ
˿̵һʢĻ޵ɫɢʢҵķ㡣
Ҳǡ
ͷص̫̫ң޷

ֻ˽ء

ͷҪϡ
ֵסҪ

Ϊʲô

ϾͿˡ

һ˲䣬ĶˣͷӭһȻԼһ

ˡ
Ķͷģͳһ̳֮ˡ

оԼеˡ
һֱ֪޸һǺܺúܺõ飬û뵽ôãôãôá
һӻ˵ȴһֶ˵

Ż˽Ų˻س̡
ᴵ˵½ǣԼĸͷ

ͷ£һԼӣð

аǡ

ǣףȥϰɡ

á

ȥ꽭ϣȥ

á

ϴѩƣʱеĺöҶҪһ𿴡˵ţҪңһӣ

áǵɣͷµһ𣬷·һˣ૶ӷд
˵ˣһӡ

ꡪ

صС˵www.527txt.com ȥС˵
½Դ磬ȨԭУԤ