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°ϣЦĿǰС
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ʾ
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һ仰飺ԺĲ
⣺ң緭
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ƽ򸮰СϾȸ;ݵ۫л֮ھпո󣬲лİ£׷࣬һ˿룬ھȳסû뵽ȴǣııΪڵ˿˿ۣʤرŮ֮İߣ۶ֶˡƽ򸮰СϾȸ;ݵ۫л֮ھпո󣬲лİ£׷࣬һ˿룬ھȳסû뵽ȴǣııΪڵ˿˿ۣʤرŮ֮İߣ۶ֶˡ

1 

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ʱڣ׹һը죬һҪ﻽ѵơ
签һ쳹УȻ۾
ˡ
ͬǰǸһ
Ρδδİ˺¡
μĵطδ̤ľǡ
ǳƽĵճС㣬׳ݣδȥǡ
ڵȴֲҰһֻһΡ
һжҪӰǰǳ˵
ѰЪֻǺܿУεԼսպյĸսˣǲҰܣҵòƴȻһ֮ԹֹŭӺһʱĳƽôҶ
׸Ǳʢŭʥϣ
ֻϾȸ˭֪ɢ˶֮伡
븸׽õˣҿŽ
׶µ˼ңʱ
ԩϾ;У⵽ɽˣʧڡ
Դ˻顣
֮ҧĴߣȴʼ޷ȵøס
Ϊò졣
Ұ֮أ鰵ءһ뾩ǣ˺䶯
ǳƽδܣȻܻȫΪﳼ֮Ůȴ֮ˣȫˡ
αܣһӣѹõĻ˲䱻ȼ
̫ڵӣԽҡ
̫֮ıʧܣӶƣҲûãܿͱһȡǸ˲ǻӣȴϻʵΣֱȨ㳯Ұɱϣ˸ۡ
ҵĳУ筱ΪѰһ·
ȴ֪ΪΣⳡ򹴽УıȻ׾ְأػ߾һƽȴҪѹıǧƴҪѰ֤֤ףֻڲ֤ʱ˱˵·
¶
Ȼξȴû֮·ϣڰУ˽ʬ硣ֻ˾Ȼµ˵˹Ȼˡ˵жˣ״ݿɲû뵽λжȻ
һ˵֮ǰһ뾩ռ⾩ǵһ˵ͷһŵҲ١ֻϧձš
Ⱦɫ˶µȥ֣ĺݡ
Ϊߡ⻰ЩЦá
ҪƮڰУλ˵ллֻţͻȻſڴһ죬ʲô˴˽
ֻƼһϮѩӣξ㱻ˡ
签Ѻ󣬻̲סؿڣֻһζѡ
ֻιֻƺȻͷ
˭֪˵ڶա
ǰ˰ӼϢܣجγˣ
ϢھǵĴģʰǰбѡ
ȻѾˡ
ĩһ仰
ɼǵ

-
պլűȻϣ֮ǰųƽЩ˷׷һ
ճʱЩ˻ѯ˼䡣
Ƽ筰ѼĶ߰˰ȫ˸ɾһҪĵģ
˵Ѻؾ˻δǣҶʥּһ
ɼ˷ʥŭ
Щ˲֪淭ˣǸǣ
λȥηġ
ݾڣһվмġ
ģӿ˵˵ݷ˻δҲ֪͢ʲôʱɴ󽫹ˡ
ĮһսҴöսɳֻ͢ûСС˻
սƽϧΪ̰ð׷ֲб⣬˱ְ˲ʹʿսء
˧š
һգ߳̾
һʱսպԶĳƽ˺Ĺ
ͷһŴűµСѾͷԲţȭͷս
𰣬ȥʣǵιˣ㼴̰ɡڶСѾҪʱͻȻ˵
С㣬αңЩ˵;˵͸ôǺүҷǵø۲ɡ
̧ͷɫƽз䣺ЩŪ֮ͽˡҪһۣһ·ֻƤӶҪĥơ
⻰治١
ԴһǰսܵϢֻ顣
ȻܶطĮǧ֮ңҲʱһս˧ܻ
筴ӳʱʱ࣬Ѫڡ޲óȥԷۣײ̰Ľս֮ˡ
۽Ƕ鶯һµƽ
侲ģȴԽۣЩҪ
筣ˣǻø·氮ޣ޸
ǿɲУһźСءϽ
筴˷ֻһŮ÷±ǼδɢȥĻϾ
ԴϢأǲɢ˼ͣĶɾ
ҲֻʣôЩˡ
ΨһµŮֻ޸ĸǵڽϼС
˱ǲɢлмҿɻأȴֻܸԼ
筷Ըȥ׿ǣɰƥιˡ
׿δȥĻҵļֶ֮˵ߣͶĻᣬܻһǰĹͣݡ
ֻܶˣݣЧҡ
һˣҾĮ쳹ñְ˲̤
ܿ죬ȥ׿
һӺһ·
ֱǶȥ
ֻǴ˿ͷȴһ¡
ݡ˻
ǸξУεڽ;ɽˣűʧڣ˻¡
һ飬䣬߿ϡ
˼ȴѾ֪δ
һԵİ𰱧Թһ·ϣɽɽûʲôɿġ
ճԶʱ𰻹ͼʣʱ⿴
деɽ֮⣬ûʲô˼
ֻ筴Ӵ۵С·Ρɽ
ͻȻں׿
׿ԣһԷͣ£кηԸ
ôͣ¡筴ǰĵò
ڽɽĿӴֻҪǴɽڽȥǰһΧ֮
ȻûΪܵľ飬Ҳοʺϴҽᡣ
˿ǰɽͣ͸ɽˮ޺һȻſɫƺֻҪǰһͻٲ֮ء
筺ԥߡ
׿һأ
ϳĳҲ⻰ȰС㣬һվﻹкüʮǲЩ·ֻ½ͷҹ
ҹ֣䣬ɽ䴫һĺŽ
ɽȸ׷ʡ
ֱһǳ⣺ǰˣ
ԭɽ侹ǳˣڡ
ãɽˣС㡣
ز筴ߴ٣ܣҵ溰ɱ죬ŵóǻŲ·
һץųһɫҰ׵ôɽˡ
ĴСУ筵ͷȴֳ䶨ĸо
Ȼ
ˡ
ξԤʾ飬ٴγ档
Ȼ֮ǰΪױܵ飬ѾֹںȻξ˴룬ܻĴ漸ֽҡ
һжڰʾţμĲֻΡ
滹ҵĻɽˡ
С㣬ҡһӰɣһס筵֡
˵꣬ͻȻǱʲôסͣ
˴䣬㶼ˤ
ɫһһֱܻã˿̱ͣɽˣ롣
ֽλ
ͱһ
ֻһһ̵׳ڳԭȸϳĵط
ûҲ֪׶༪ˡ
ƿɽͷӣǲµŮˣֱ
һƣŵ̧ͷʱȴ״ס
ֻŵŮǳ˿ȹѣδ֬ױΣȴ֬ǣһ˫͸ˮ⸡
˹ɫէȻɽҰ֮֡
ͷӵǿˣѹʱͷԽЦһòСӣҵѹկ˰ɣұСӳĺģɻУ
ɽͷӾȻûֱǿаȥ·С
ŵÿ޺С㡣
Ǵ˼ңĺЦСѾ߶ô¡
Էһ׺ݵ¶̰ɫ.
ǷҲͲסﴳֱӰקȥֻ˸ǰŷѾȻµȴƴСǰ
ǹɫС㣬ɫЩȻΪ򶨡
ƴš
ɷ׳ʿ׺һֻ־ͽԱߣһͷײڣʹ
̧ͷŻˮĺʱױ䡣
׷ľǿЦ˵СӣĪҪѧЩѰٻĸˣԹ˳ңպ֪Ȥζ
ɽҰֻ˵Խ
ڶԷҪץס
̧ͷǲŭЦβ۲ˮתμһɽݵ὿ġ
û뵽Сڴ˷£ȻЦó
Ҳݹ㣬һ˲
Ҳֻһ˲ͻȻˡ
ֻּ㣬ֿ䣬¶ֱϵ
ǣ
ɼ΢˿̾ͬ޹ġ
ಡһǼͷյ
ֱ۾
ԷɵǵѪܲʱȴˡ
խ಻ߴ䣬
ֻͷʲôѪҺȻ罦
筱ܱ۾
ȴǸоϱҺ壬ʪճŨŨ
һĲҽУ۾ڳƴ
գѪָƴĿģ˷ڳһϴ㡣
˵ſڣת˲ֲˡ
ŵûԷû˶
ԽµʵС㣬ôˣ
ˡſŵˣɫδ䡣
𰾪סˣ
СѾߴδĳ棬޷󣬸ղŻɷôô졣
ɱûװɡ
Զֵ筣ɫûһ֡
ľ룬׼Է۾С
ϻżѪĶвĵ
ʣС㣬ڸô죿
꣬ͻȻվ
͸ʬϱ䴩۾Ѫɻߵſڣ̧һţֱӽſŵʬ壬
һţ·Щĵ׻Ķȱڣк
˷뾩֪ԼδҪٵģǱǧѵ
֪ΪҲҪƶС
㿴ԭɱ˶һô׵¡
лҪ˵£ͯδдĹģҶȹһůĶ
ŮģһڡײС˵Ĺ£ףҲ𣩣Ϳͷԣдĺ֣ܿ
ΪͷǾǰ벿̷Ŀͷ
΢˸ӻһŮͰͯȫǩ飬λСŮֽ
µۣȫͺ
ǵ˫֣ҿϤIDɣ
Ҫǣ˫˫˫Ҫ˵
19㻹һ¡


2 
ս֮ЩԶ
ɽͷӵʬ壬ϱȥʱû˵ע⡣
Ҳ֪ĸĵɽˣԼ˸ͷ죬ֱ㶵ſڵϣϽ˼硣
ſڵϵʬ壬ȻܻӦ
˳ɽͷ˭֪߽ͿӵѪ
ˡ
˲Һͬʱͱ׿һڱϡ
ҽսⰻȻͽȻһ˲
ϴȻˣ
׿ڳ嵽ԣᵶ￴һۣû°ɣ
ɽռƣ׿ոǿһʱ˲סû취筡
ʱ筸ùӣϵѪ
ˣ ֱϡ
׿ֱ۴ĲϱһӣѪ߲ȻڻսˡƼɽͷֱƴɱͻΧԡ
û뵽ԼǷ׵ʬ塣
ֻƬ̣һɹɱĺˡ
ֻС˶ѣ²¡
筹˲ϽϵĲ죬ʵɷźţ
׿ͷɽһ˲ҾźţֻɽҰƫƧҲδйٱܼʱԮȻһŹͻΧȥ
Զȴû˵
ȻЩɽڶ࣬ǱȲһգսˣһʱ䣬˫֮ѽѷ֡
ֱԶ𶯣о
ǹٱˡ
ûһһ֣Ϊ׵ĿǸ١
¶ԷҵĻ˵ȻٱѾˣǵ¡˷£ǹٸĲ¡
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һЩɽ˾ͳں֮ڡһٸ˾ȻˣɢŶƬϤƣɽҴܡ
˷˵ģƬɽص
ԭݾΪվֱ뺷Ϊܵżʡ
ϱӵĽͨҪ壬̶ﲻ
ҽᣬޱԴҲеԸɡ
λ˾ĽʿֻΪЩͨһųͱ򷢵ûԸӵɽط
˵ǲĵؽ磬ʹڣ⼸Žֹķ˻
иۣΪݵؽйٷ˹ղ󳼵ֻղһЩɽ˾Ͳɽͷͷ¶һ¡
и紵ݶûӰ
ղһߣֽŴ̶顣
ʥһŭݵĹٶ˸߰˰ˡ
ɽԽôġ
Ҳûʲô֮־ָԼһξͳ˻ԭշⶨ˷˵³̣ͼ֮
˭֪¹ΣƨɻȺء
ʷ͵ɽء
ʷƷ֥С٣ڳΪ٣˭˶ԺţĵײҪ
ʷмٹ٣Ѳصְ
ҪǱʷһҲѲƤ
ԽսսͻȻյһܱ˵ɽһɽ˳û
ƽʱԽҪԥһϢԴ١
ɼʷסţɽй֮£óʮֵľ
Ž˼ʷҴһӹٱյɽҪԣһٽɽˡ
ԣҲǶһȵ¡
ʷʮͬһʹɽ
ѲһȦû쳣
û뵽ҪسʱƼеһöźż
Խ߸Ȼ˸š
ǬɽݶСⱣɽ־ܡԽǰھﵱ̶֥С٣Ķ÷С
ϣűٱΧɽĴҴܵɽˣͷɣһʱ̲סӣҲЩҰɽˣöҧĽ֡
Զİӣ÷ЦС㣬㿴˵秣˵Щɽö𣿡
ֲˣ筷Ц
ΪѾͷղűŵʧǣҪòָܻ
һЦɼǸĴġ
𰱻һѣղһĻ
ʱգͻСȴ֮ˡеҹŮȴ֮Уɱ˶治ɫ
Сһ䣬²¡
ǰȴ־ʣԴӺүµϢ;С㣬ˡ
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ٷ֮ľ޴࣬ڹٱ֮ǰһɽˣ˺ܿٱʹռϷ硣
ɽˣ׽˻
Խɽˣ׷ʣ׸أ
󡭴ˡɽ˫ɲ򶼿򲻺ãĻҪ̿ʡ
Խ󾪣ˣʲôʱģôģ
ԭȲǸȴƢʧִˣɴɽɽˡֻΪɱЩϵĹֶκܿͳһķס
ԭԽż׹鰸Ǹ͡
ǰͷΪ˷˲ְ졣
ɵƨɻûȣ·ס
ڼʷǰ˵ϴء
Խſׯǰȴû뵽׾Ȼһˡ
ǱߣղŴȥ׷ϵŮ죬ˡ
ԽϽȻһſڵϵʬ壬֣ˣʬ׸ҷ
ˣʬһԽͿʬĵ̡
ȻǸ󡣡
Щл񣬿ϻԵı־
ԽһۣһɽԽ֪˿ɷһЩڷ֮Ҫѯһ
΢ۣĵ飬ˡ
͵뾩ȴǰ·ɽˡ
ξʱɽˣ˳ȥҰһҹű˾Ȼء
ҲǺԩʧڣ˻ԭ
ɴɱ˷ףȻٵıʧڣƬ̼ɱһ׳ӵ飬ҲЩȻ
պϾ飬δز鲻
ξԤʾ֪ԼôСģΪӪ
Ը𰣺ῴɫ¡
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ܿ죬ƿһɲǣ·־Ĭ˲䡣
ԾھǼ˴ԽէһƼͷλǱͻˡ
˵仰
վŵۣȴѿ
̽һֻ֣һĨϸӰŶϼ΢ŵķ޼䣬ڷѩδüۣѿǴĹɫˡ
̧ͷʱɽҰľҲȻʧɫ
ֶɽ绺ĳ
Ȼɽ֮УΧ˹ʱססƺ¾
ֻ³Խ΢΢һСŮʿסû뵽·˴ɽˡҵô˼ʱϵȵ˾֮СŮһݡ
ˣĳظĸ٣˷Ǳٵķ֮¡
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˭ϲ
Ǵ˵ģԽ۴¶룬Ͻ־
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ҿŸղ˵Ļʱסż󺰣С㣬С㣬û°ɡ
筿СϢ޷ֻէȻѪЩΡ
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Խ˵˼ǲܣǹŮӣûĳϳЪϢɡѯʹ뿪
ԽҲֻʣ˭ɱ˸
֮ǰܺ߼ˣҲø
ϳ֮ǰԽȥѯ׿
׿ǻӣƼװεһĻ²⣬Сǲ˷ɱ˵飬ϾƬɱ˱뺷׶ķףʵ˼
Լϡ
Ϊٱ̫죬ڵѪûüá
Ѫζխĳš
Ũ
*
Զɽͷһͣһԡ
һϮ¾װ꣬վɽ±ߵˣʵӣôãһɽˣʲôÿģ
ֻվ±ߵλӰʤѩȴʤ£ǣűһЦ⡣
ֳһǧﾵʱ£ͷ
Ȥ
ʲôȤ
¹ЦӲ飬ҲӮ
Ӳӥ𣿡ˣ˵ӻܽܣȻӮˣǶ׺һֻӡ
˵߸п
¹ǧﾵǹйƷ罫Ǹ״ӴһŽʬḶ́˸
ںǸϸӰ³װԼѾ߻һĻ
ҲǾ۵ס
ǰ¹ӱ߱Ц͵һЦصɽȷʵһֻ׺ݵӡ
лҪ˵:zhi˼
筣ôɰһ㶼
ȫͺ


3 
δǣ·Ͼôһ¡
ʮҲƻᣬֻתͷɽء
سõĴֶһҪõҩ
ŷġ
˷䣬˼˰Σð׿˹˵֪˵⻰˴ҵģǽһá
׿Ĭ˵ȥ
ȥ֮ǰѽζ˵ƽͻȻһЦɫȻѾûгƽˣʥϳҶʥּ¡Ͼأס޷ǣһݺǰ̡
ٸѡһεĻᡣ
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źʹӴ඼Ǽˣֱӷһǲɢѡ
Щǵִⲻߵˡ
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ΪǰŸٸˣһʧ
û뵽ջˣΨһҵûȥ
ǸҲһˣԼܵġ
˵ߣɻлһ·Ļ͡
׿üǶԸ׷桭
ʱͬգ筴Ļȥһ飬ߵģòҴţ½ձˣĵ಻

׿Ѷֻתȥ
ߺİ˵С㣬ҲҪߡ
ױ˼飬ҵȻߣº͵ͷϸ£˶ûУȥء
ʵڰ𰣬аš
ǰ޸ճӣ˾ǣ볤չ˰𰡣
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һСѾ߰ɡ
ôһͨںѽҹɫ
ƿǿջС¥ķ䣬ڴߣŲԶϡϡĵƹ⣬ͷԲ̣⻪š
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ջĿ⣬Ὣѩ׵ϿһֻСС
ѰԲͲ֧ͬƽֱۡ
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֧筵ģλʱңʮ꼰Ǻ뿪ʱƼԹѧļ
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ΪޣΪ⣬кáµĻ˾Ͳɱ𣿵ƴһɱһ·
筵ƽΪɤö͸һᡣ
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ﰲãͻȻ̾һǿϧˡ
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ǡǡ
Ļֻ˸ͷǰĻǾ뵥ϥǰ
Ϊͷ׿ͷС㣬ҵԸ׷档
ǰŵˣͷжȴ侲֪׳ңҴ˷֮գ׿Ѿˡδ֮£ֻ»ȽССķ˻
ȥᶪ
ȻжڻĲ벻ȴ档
ǶѰ˵ķ֮ء
סŴʳһȺˣܰеϳ춼
Ҳթĵط
Ҹﳼ֮ŮֻΪе⡣
׿̧ͷ¡꣬Ҹս׺ӣĸ״ҼѶգǺүĸӽӵչˡѧһ£Ϊ˱С㰲Σү£С㲻˵ĵ
Ҳǣµ¡ʮһսģүеСߣϰա
С㣬Ҫߣҵźүս£ӵģôС¾ܵĵ
վſڣһ
ֱ׿˵С㣬ֵǶ֪ҪʲôҪȺүҲǣǶźү̰ðүսɳô꣬ȴ³ǶҲȺү
΢ᣬԸСʹȴ̽ϢҲá
筿ǰȺǣҲռڡ
ǳңѧңСŶǸսɳСҺɽѪ¡
䶼򣬿һҹǣȴѾ衣
ĿеսʮΪĴڣñָ޷̤߹һ
սȴˣҰܣ
һ·ϣֻһ;Щڮ١
ͬҲˡ
Щ֪筽ĿģҲȥǸĿеս
áᶨ
ͷ类ҵײţһȦһȦ˵䶼֮ˣҸλĸףǾ󡣴ӽΪͣλΪ󡣡
ˢˢ̧ͷ筡
˭û뵽˱ȻС㣬˵Ļ
뿪֮Ϸš
ʱգƺ׸׵İš
˵筵ҲΪۡ
ǳƽĵճС㣬ȴӸճôʦ˵ⶣʺھĹصؽ硣
ƽƽǣýɽˮ֮ء
漮ݣһɽˮ̵ĺõط
Сһֱݣδȥǡ
ʱÿڴıǴӾĶаͽдš
ʱ֣ܶԸͽдš
иĸͽ㣬ȴ·ССĵط
ºЩʸųƽˣҲ
ɺͯʱֳ϶
ǱС
ʲôС㣬ܳС㶼ھ
ǣǰСء
˵ˣΪǸŮʱӣӣԲһ֮£լ
֮ͯԣˣȴʵ
ʱҲ⣬ΪʲôֻΪνĴʦһĪеͽ·Զݡ
ֱ꣬Ǹźڼ׵˳Ժ˫ֽ߸߾
ǰ筣ҵСŮ𣿡
筵һζм䣬ͼǵ˫Ĵ֣ڰУתȦ
ʣ筣ôе
תһȦһȦŪ
СŮŵǣɿ

ɽصСջУͻȻʲô
رȨ³⡣
վǷ񾡣أ߹롣
뵽ôһ졣
ƽԶЩȨıġ
ھǰ˰ӼϢڿ϶Ķ筰ԼڷУһ˴˺üʱ
κ˶
ڰĹ뷿һǸԤ԰ξ

ҶӦ顣
ֻʣȵ
ǸΪĶƺȻͷϿգĸξʾѡĻᣬȴԹľ
筷·Ǹڵķ
⾩ǻȥ
ѡֻǽ֪Լѡ񲢲µ
ȥ
лҪ˵ȥ


ĵᡣ
εŮôһԸ񣺾ǣɱˡ
ۣȫͺ
ϤIDҪǵ֣


4 
筰˵ˣɽˣչǵˡ
ʹʣĻٴϾ
Ȼ筽Ĳġ
ҲçײȻξѾ˾ʾȱȱԼܸı֮ˡ
ǸһͶ˴㡣
Ū˶֪ƽǸµĽȵˡ
һε͵義
Ūڵƣܾȵİ취
ܿ죬ʰװٴ·
ʮպһڵ뾩ǲĵط
ɫһ
筸ɴ˽վͶޡ
Ҫ˼Ϻõ᷿筱ŰȻ˷ڡ
ʰ׵ŰȥվãΣЪš
绹㿪ţǹŮѰ¶档
Щӣ;վ筶ûð𰽫ʳ˵С
һڴš
ֻվĿˣⱼǼɽӣ˵ϽλȨʥϻҪࡣ
ԼĶ䣬硣
ŰȥŽ¡
ԭŵ˷׷ͶĿ⣬º󣬻סŤͷ
˴ŵ˶ˣ۳Ͷ֮࣬Ĵ硣
Եмֻͷ
ͬҲδױ磬ͷֻһƫƫصĴ磬ȴĵڷѩδڰòϵٹʡ
ʱڣӴһ
˼ªվãԵĹ
ԭϵĴã˲䰲
ϰŵˮԼǰĲ豭¡
ֵ˱ˮ˿ڡ
˻ڴȴһ˿
󷽵̬ĵװͷ
վٽǣǹģϴģվĳʳҲȱ𴦷ʢЩ
ة˴ṩĳʳ㿪ڵֵĲˣǱһ죬鷳Щ
ãȥߴߺةЦ
Ϊ筴ֱʵĵ˲ٲˡ
ҲΪԼЩ˵ɡ
Ϊ˸·ֻԸ
ͰθСܡ
ЩһȻҪԵ㶫
*
׿ǽʱкǹ
̧ͷǣƼб棬ҲǸսһŮ
ɫµӣڣȴܿó޳
žļҵĹӡ
ԱߵĹż򵥣ϵĶҲͨӡͷϸֻһɫõ
ӴŴϳˣŮȴͨ
ԲǷ޻õĹϵ
־ֹ޼䡣
Ȥ
ĳûӣ˳߿ȥ
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˶ౡң檶֮
չԼ˵ģ
𰻹ΪССޣ뵽ԼĻ£ѹ˵С㣬㳤˳ӣһᰮ㡣
еĳӣǲĵմӳݡ
筶£ΪѾߣȻ
ֻ𰲻֪ǣλӵĻջˡ
ԭֻǱ˵Ĺϵ˼ֺ档
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ԼǱ˶ˡ
òȷʵ
öá
ϱӵá
֮筴Űط
ֻ·ǡǶŮ˿վԺ
ŮӰ뿿ϣɫ΢԰ס
Ӳʡ
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¹ᰲοúϢңһ뷨ӵġ
Ǹ벻鹫ģ
筲͵죬ǸϽŰ뿪
ʱնµף΢춼ڵÿ졣
ΪջҪ·ϴ׼ϴ˯
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ţЩ
Ѿͷ˵ȥҪˮû
筷Ĳ£۳š
Ȼ棬𰵲һİӵǰ
׿Ҳ˶׷׸
˵ѾôʶôţݹҲ
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Ѫˡµõ壬ôͳСġѾͷٸҺҧСҴ㡣
˵䣬İ̧־ˡ
ɫһ䣺ס֡
׿̽ץסԷֱۣ
һ˶̵࣬㣬Ҫʲô
ҵʸҵѾʲô
ºͣȴ͸ž档
ƳǽմھվĹ
Ż˵Ѿƽ͵壬СԼ̡ܽ
𰼱ˣС㣬ŵǷ塣
ǵִѾѻδ˯վ˶ѡ
˸ɴ߳ſ
筿ӵģȻһö塣
ϸ˻ᣬüë
֪ɷһ筿ڡ
û뵽ô˵µЩ飬Ϊöȷʵյġ
ѵ·
ԥ䣬һ˰ǻ˵ȻλС壬һΡ
İŽݹ
筰С
üȴȸղĸ
𰣬ȥ佫ϻӵֱ筻ڷԸ
ף
仰׷һ
ǳ׽סǾС塣
筵ζʰܣöΡ
ֻ筷ԸҲӡ
Ƭ̣·أֻϲƶԵΡ
˭뵽ö徹
ղһ˵յö壬¶ԷˣŲܲסԷ
ݹȥҲ˿
˵㿴Ҿ˵ҵ塭
Ļû˵Ƽö屻һһ
⡭
ԭֵĻΪᣬƼΣĻпġ
һԶ塣
ģ˭筻̧ͷ
ʵѾ֪˶Է˭ˡ
ĵմӡ
δݡ
֮࣬˵һλĿιӣ˵˲أ֪ҩģѰζҩһǧ˲ΣԭõǮġ
˵ԸͷûǮ㽫öָҡ
³׼ˣ筣С㣬ǷĶô
Ϊ𰲻ţϽ˵λ¹ӣվ˶Ƽˡ
¹ӣ
𰶼ˣǸ޴ԼĹӡ
˵λ¹ӣҵҲЩӡ󣬿߲ǻλΪܡԭΪһ»Сء
⵽ô£
⻹λӦҪ׵ģֻλδȴԵŮ˽ˡ׵ָˣֻΪһ˲ξԼˡ
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ʱվµ筣һԲ
ֻǶе塣
ǰΪѡĶ
һԶԧ壬Ǵգһ϶Ϊһ
˿̣˴
һԧȴ͸ŻơЦ
գóʱ͸ŲźĻ˵޷Լ飬޷ż£ջǵȲԧһһ졣
ֻԸİ筣ܰͬġ
֮ǰεԼ˻飬Ҳŭ
֮ܺԡ
ƽܣԷҪ˻飬޻˵
޷̣䱦壬ָˣֻΪһܾ˵˲Ρ
תݵĿͷ
׿һ߿᷿ʱ澹ǿյġ
ٵة筲ŵ֪ѴŮ뿪
᷿򿪵ţͬſ졣
һƬУХķ紩ö·˵ĳ
Цͼı
ξԤ֪ܿ˱ɽ˰ܵΡ
Ӳ˻ˡ
ʲôȰ·ԼδЯŮ˽顣
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İӣੲݵöĶҲһ֧ǧ˲λġҲܾô㡣
Ȼת
վ󺰵С㣬ȥĶ
С߾ûĸһ뾭ѵ
ʫ飬˵ĵ
筣㣬Σ
.Ůͯͷǰϵĵ
Ե±ԹԴ
ȴǰ˵ݺݵĴȥӴ뵽㣬㴽ݷ
ڣҪ̸ġ
Ҫóˡ
֣ݷ
лҪ˵筣ĺѧ
OKǵˡ
˳˵һ£ۻղǧĻһӸ
ȫ¸£
΢ˣ


5 
ֱǣǣ˻ȥ
׷׿𾪶ãȻ뿪筡

˲ϸϽҲ׷˳ȥ
ŧɫ£׿ֻϡǰϵŮӣҹзɣŵĳ衣
Դ·ɽ˺ÿһȿһͼ
Ѿ뿪ãó׷ϡ
̫죬絶㣬ϸ
侲
侲֪ҹֶΣգ޷ˡ
һ·ӳ·ڰɽڹٵʻŵ
ҹ¶أɽҰ֮أ޵ڶҹ·ĳ
筺ԥɽϳȥ
Զ׿øε飬֪ĵӡ
ƿ⿴ĳݣһһ˳ǰ
ͷ£ɢŧԡ
ǰŮӾ̤¶
ôųϣʵ΢ӳ컵ϣӰ߻簵ҹ꼻ųޱ
ɽҰУ˲ֱӵĸ߹ƻ
һʱ¸Լž
ʹҹ׷к£ǳݣڶݵľ޺󣬻ڡ
ǰûеƹ⣬ֻӰӰ´µӰ
֪ǸŮӴ˿Ҳڳ
£
˽Сˣһ٣ʹǼ.
ͻȻЦˡ
롣
Ѿ³ĳݣóڲవصƱ
׿һ
ϵ׿
ͼ签һƱ͸λӺ͹
׿Ʊд󺧡
ȴܵʳڣֻܰ筷Ը
ҲƼ׿ƱɻǺ⣿
ղվУŹǧҩֻΪˣʵѵãǡΪֻ΢ǣ¡
ͷϵŮӡ
˿裬ȴɲòŮãӡ
ػʲôͼ
ȴһ١
ãЦʲôͼ޷Ǿϣܸײ롣
ΪҶףԽԶԽá
ĵ죬ȴ筵Ļ
Ʊ󣬹ֵ˲ݣչصġҲṼһ⡣
Ƕײ롣
ֻ˵̧꣬ͷ筡
ͻȴһպΪ
ȴǰֱͣࡣ
ͷˣ䣺Ƽˮ꣬α
˵꣬ٴδ뿪
׿׷˹ȥ
վڿյȵĹٵϣңңȥŮӡ
ǸصŮӡ
ڶԷ׿ĵطסǰ
׿Űƥλ
ջδסʵΪҪĸӣ
ȻԷǲĳݹӣδѵӦýץؾǣΪλҪƱ
ϣ˿żˡ
Ƶǰ
졣
׿ĻͻȻǺ𣿡
˶Ϊң͸ĵᡣ
ƫƫǡ
õˣĻر
˶ԲҲöԷۡ
׿Ĭʱ˵ǻ᳤𣿡
Թ˽߶ûʲô³
ֹӣ˺ūʹ澡ͳȺӣôᰲƶء
ȹ˶ʱ䣬ƶ˼
ڵʱ
ЦҵϣֵܼĳЩǧ׷
ҲҹУƱ
ΪΣ׿⡣
סͷٵľͷ
ٻؾʱܾĥĿʼ
Ϊٴλؾ֮ʱҲǸڿŮ֮ʱ
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ΪĶˣʵδŵδޡ
ʱʱۼǱһ档
׶µĻԼˣΪҡ
˽ŮӣΪ塣
ۿǸŮµԣһжЦ
ݿҲǸٻӹ֮˰ˡ
ԸôܽôԼء
ʱͻסҵ֮٣ǶﴽЦ
˽ΣҪء
ԽԶԽá
ϻʲôķ̡
裬ԭⲻĻ˻ȥ
ɱ˹Ȼʹ졣
ҪģҪݵġ
ֵܼľЩҪܼһӡ
筵Ǹˡ
׾ͷôһжʹĿʼ
ΪԺֻҪᵽ筶֣ͻ
筽ҹѽ¡
δΣֻܵƺˡ
*
ֱҹʣȻһ޴
̧ͷͷգԭҲڱס
ȻҪˡ
Ҫˡ׿Щż
һξ룬ȴվԶʱ϶ϲء
筣ǰɣǰûŵĵط
վزȥܸаɡ
˼ǰ֮ʱԶ·ߵĻ
Һá
˸ϵʱպܼ
ĽҰĳУȫ˽ȥ
ƬҰ
筽˩ú󣬱
Щ𲻼ˣҲȫá
ŵǽϵķɱֵĺ
ݶֻнм©ġ
˵Ǹĺõط
һƬڣҪתͷ׿Ͽɴ˻ӡ
ͻȻоԼĽߵʲô
дӲĴС
˵ȡ
ǿԼûʧУȻ󼫻ĵͷŵ档
֧
ڲǶϵġ
˳˫Ͽֻȵ˱һѵݵסˡ
֮ǰˣΪصضѵĵݶѡ
Ȼˣ筸ղļº;£ʧ
ǰҪԽݡ
һ˵Ͱ
筿ҲԥҪҪڴк
һɫ绡Ю˺ʵƣҹա
Ҳͬսǰˡ
ˡ
Ƭ̣ɿ
ΪһĹڿס
ɫϣ·һ⾻ʥࡣ
ڰУɻڸղһ˲ľޡ
׿л𣿡ʡ
׿һУ֡
ܿ죬ĻӵȼĻ𣬽Χ
ǰ˵ٴαС
筿ıȸղŻ˵䣬
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رһ£ⰵҹУȴׯϵɲ¡
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µӡ
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ĵһЦȴƼβһС롣
С롣
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ӰڻζС뾹ԽѪ
˿ڿ筲֪䣬Σϵ绪ŨŨ·ֳ˹
Էͷβֻǰɿ
С㣬λô׿ڣ筵˼
筱Ļѣŷ֣ǽĶ˻ӣ˶δһ¡
筿ڣȥһ¡
׿ͷ粽ǰֻӣԷǲ
׿ָŶԷı¡
̽
ڷȷϺ׿ͷ筣ҡҡͷ
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𾪵ӡ
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лҪ˵ˣһֱˣ
ӣҾãһһ°
筣ҲãŮֻ̫ˣ
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6 
Ϊ筵Ӳִֻе׿仰Ӧǡ
ҪǰᶯԷʱ
žòס
Ĵѳư֮ƣʱ׿ȥһˣ϶Ҫʪ
ˣȵͣ˰ɣ˿
ҲʲôɽҰҧ˵ʬ
׿˵ͷ筲᲻صĴ˸硣
̫ûüӸ硣
ҲǶµף˪¶أҹĴ̹ǡ
׿˵СЪϢھ͸ȡů
Ͻĸɲ񣬶Сѡ
ܿ죬ɲѱš
ڳȵɫ£筵Ҳů
׿ŷ签ӲԶĵط
ڵС㣬Ҫҽ˾˰ɡ
¶ԷŸ죬ɱϾѾ
ôһ࣬һ˲£СǸҡ
ҡҡͷˣɡ
΢ͷɿӣ΢ƵĻͬӳϡ
˵¿ˣĿ֡
㿴Լò˿ŶԷʱͷǸԱߵĻ⣬΢һҡҷ
ʵǷʡ
ǸģӦøü续
ͻȻЩЩͽˡ
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ͻȻ˵ԺҪߵ£ǰ䳱ʪƬ˼ů
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ӣͷ͵ͣɡ
Ҳ⡣
ˣ
Ŵ³ſڣһһŮʲôˡ
ȥڵȼ˻ѡ
ԭڵյͨ
ϵˮȥӡ
ƼȻҹû֣˿
Ͼ¹ùĪɽҰ롣
筼ڰԱߣοСֵܣ춨ҹͻѣȷʵϧڰ

ĿɿڴĿǰ
Ȼ˿̲ʱ򣬿ڿòһϡ
ǰλǱȾǺųƵһ˵ĹŮҪࡣ
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ܿ죬ƿﵹһҩ裬˰ӵ촽
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ʲô˽ȻͬĶ
ͻȻߺЦӦллŶԡ
һԵԼҹ˵Ļɴ۾ֱǲš
ҪԼʱϻأЩҪˡ
лл˼ң
Ҫ֪ԼǸȾŮ֮ĳӣҪɣǲǱλĹɫԻ
Цǵء
¹ӵӦõģƼˮ꣬ȴԸΪ˱壬ôۡ
һʱĵ׵ЩЦ
ҪǱˣֻҪ£㺦Լ
ƫƫȴлԼ鷳Ҫ顣
λҲǸѰ·ġ
ֱӣʵ֪ôƺ
˵ô໰ȴδ˵ڼ
Ůӣ㽫ԼĹİӡ
ԷƺҲ뵽㣬΢΢ףҽгӤ˵ҲɣڼҲ
֪ôĽҰ⣿Էƺġ
£˵·Щϴ꣬ûüϵǰվ
ԭˡӤº͵ͷ
ܿ죬Ƶִ˼
ʣǲЩ䣬Ҫȥϵù
ãȥѳϵ߹ùˮôҶůůӡ
˵Щȡ
ΪǸղǰ˩ȷʵûʲô
ֱһȦĶû
ԭǾͣĺ档
ϵľȣӤЦڣ⣬С˽Щ³Щùޱ˼ȥ
һɰﵹˮһ
бں
筿߹޺С룬ʵشֲڣȷʵֵǮ
ܿ죬߹﷢ཹཱུˮ
ʵϲ꣬ݵشԭشˮʢ
˼룬ȴԱߵʣʲô
ôʪʺϳ¯
ʶ˵꣬Ų⻰ס
תͷȥͼӤ忡գһĨºЦ⡣
ͷǺ뷨
Էͬ筷Ҫָסա
ôųԡ
Լˣ筿ǰĻѣ
ֱˮտˮУһ˸˳Ӥ
ԷûֱӺȣתֵݸ筡
ллһ
ûһ׿ﶼһˮ
ֻ筿һȦŷֳ뻹붼ȱ˿ڡ
룬øԼġ
ˮȥԭʪ䣬·ɢЩ
Ⱥˮ筱ͣ
˭֪ԽԽ˿κҪͣơ
ǰůĻѡ
ƤԴСװԱ¡
̧ͷͿһԵĳӤԼ
ůƻ£ӳǡ
ر˿ͷЦһ䣬üԡ
ˡ
筲ֱӡ
ֻƽʱʱ˯ǿţƤ
ˣζ
ֳգǿ̧ƤҡͷûС
ĽҰ룬ʵڲİ˵ע˯
˿̴ΧŻȡůҪ˯˶ܿ
ȴӤֱվֽﻹᦳȻϵϡ
筿ŶԷľٶᦱʱ˻ҡ
Ͷ䣬͸Ŵݡ
·ǹø¥֮С
ֱӤѸղùīɫ磬ϣ˵˸ʵʵ
˱һˣȫ
Լ˸׵ĴΧ
˯ɡӤ磬һ˴
筿ı飬ȴ·뵽˵ʱģ
ڲݶѱ۾Ժлһ仰
񣬶˷
лҪ˵СȻ
ѡᡯִڹϡ
ǣŮ죬ǧҪƭˣ
ȫͺֹ¸¡
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лСŮ֧ (RQ)/
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лӪҺСʹ648977 20ƿûɵˮ 5ƿţ 3ƿϸǹҴܵĴ 2ƿ䡢㡢֡ylx212121 1ƿ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


7 
ع¶筵ƤͶ˶
󻺻̧
ʶѵģϴƣ롣
һ·ͷ¶֮ǰһ£ֱ˯˵ݶϡ
ŷ󷢱ɢ
ɢ˷٣ϴЪϢʱѳġ
ʱһɫһͷڷ
ʱ𷢴ҪͷĶ棬ִһ
š筸հѷ˿ץģŻϵĶ
˯ˣӤʡ
һԷͷʣѵһֱڵԼ
Ա߿ȥܿ⣬
ͻȻʶˡ
Ϊֻܽǵڶ棬һҪ⣬ͬῴ˯ŵ筡
ȻڵԼ
ͷ̫Ũ񣬴˿̷βңҲ˲ϸϸֻѸ÷ͷص˯ˣлӵ硣
ȻŲԼ
类ʱͷŸᦶˡ
ɴһѩѣֻǰޣȴԡ
ֻϣɴ忡ݵɫ˿ҹҰǱ
֪꣬ʱͣˡ
׿ȥ鿴һ˵С㣬ͣˣڸϻվ𣿡
ãǾȥɡ筵ͷ
׿һҹȥӦõĲѡ
ֻ濴һۣӤС˵
£ȥǲʲôˣ
׿ſڿ£ܿ죬ͻˡ
˵ƥЩ⡣

һƥûܲ˶Զġ
ƥ
ѹ
筳ĬƬ̣ͷԸ׿䡣
ߵʱſڵĳӤһС˹ǰӦûʲôϴĶﱸһݡ
筴ǰС
ȻȷʵҪ˵ԼʩԮ֡
磬ǰϴƷ
ллӡ
Ӥָ˲Զ󣺡ǰһСϪ
ֵ˵˾ллֻڽӶʱҲ֪Щǳ񣬾ûס
µ䣬ǰֻ޳ƣץһѡ
ȴҲһ
æǸҲСġ
ûסӤЦ
ٵݹץ
һµ̫СϪΧŢСȥ򿪲ͷĶѰ˼õġ
ԷһǴȴء
мǹӵӡ
ң筻ͷ˲ԶһĨӰ
ղǹŪ̽ġ
ϰ֮ˣֿ죬ʶͻȥץסĲ
ȥץˣȴϰǰݡ
Ȼְ취ֻܴǳ̽Էûж⣬ֻСΪ϶ѡ
Ϫˮʪβͷ
ȥʱһ֣ſ׿˾˳
ס֡
ס֡
ͬͬʱ
ǳӤ筣ͬʱ
˹Ȼͣ筿ʣΪʲôܣ
һҡ
ǳӤ΢̧ˮһδ˵ȴҲ֪˿̵Ĳá
Ȼ˵
׿ʣ׿ȶֵ𣿡
׿ǡ
Ǻã㵽Ա߹šԸ
׿Ȼһ䣬ߵЩԶĵطȥ
筸ȥ·׼ѵ
˸ǰȴ̾һ
筻˵αķӡ
׿˵ޱַֻ̽Ĺ򡣡
ǵˣҪͬС
ֻǳ֮´СģûԷʵǰ׷½䱸ͬС
Ͼ֪֪ˣı
Գţһҧʮ¾ˡ
Σ
׿£˵ӦԶ֮ϣʹȫȴûУɽʮС
̧ͷţò˵ɡ
»Ƕһ׿ִֵ
Цֲ󣬴һʲôȥԷǾͺá
׿۵͸˵Ի
Դ뿪ݺ;Сϣƺܡ
˵㣬ͱԼСȴһ˵Ŀǡ
ְǱС㣬ʲôʲô
ܿ׿ҵǸ
ԼҲǳӲӣƼ˼ǸεͷҲûʲôҼҹҲѵˡ
˵ֵ꣬㹦򲻴
׿ĿЩĹá
׿СҳΧһѧĻǹΪտģδ֡⻹ͷһΣǿġ
Ȼһûҹ򻹺õġ
ֻʱѣԺҶܳ㡣׿Щ
м츳ʮҲá
һɵĶ죬֮ǰһֱ׿
ԭû֡
ʱӤҲ˹˵̹ӣǵǲǳЩ⣿
ӤǳĹ󣬶˵ģʣ˵ˣ
һ⻰졣
ȴҡͷ׿ǵ죬ƥԴǵǰվ
Ӥ΢۽ǣͷܿѻɫķ˿ϣװҲޡ
ֻĺɫ˿ھ䡣
ѩڷź˿ӳ£ѩϸ͸Ű֬Ĺ
ˮܽأȻȥΡ
˵˾ɫĵزһױΣ׸
Ӥǿ˵Ǿллˡ
δӦΪҪлԼ
˿̧ӡ
筲ŷͬһ㣬͸ȴ·Ȼһܿ͸ĵܸ˴ѹ
һʱѾԼӶ̽
ֻţ
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׿⿪ףƥ
ƥֻһ·ǣš
ֻ϶Է
ҪϳʱӤڣĻϳɡ
ڳԸ֪ΪԼ롣
ϳúİͬһ
׿ϳߵˣİ
ǰŵϸڣȴ˸о
ԼصС˼
һʱ䣬治ģ˼Ρ
ӤϳʱͿͷϷҶ
Ҳʣֻ¡
ſڴ֮һڵľ롣
ݳߺҲҵ˰ŵĶ
һ·ϣðԼÿ϶˺üڴ
ԼƱֱЩ·İ
ǰһݣ˵̹ӣ֡
Ӥԣǰһ͡
ܿ죬筵ƷϿգȻȭͷɿһҺɫֽŵĶһǡ
Ȧ
·裬ҵˡ
˵̧ͷӤЦЦĵβȣ͸罾Ĳúֱʡ
ӤǿŹֽǡ
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ϳƬǰ
ʰʱҵᣬյӤǰ
һˣŲԶˣʣӣôˣ
Ӥˮ
С˵԰ǣѵΪԵĴ㣿
ڳӤϣƽԨڴ׷һ˿˿Į

֪ԼĦ˼ŵþҪ¡
ȴӵķԸվԭء
һһð亹
ú󣬳Ӥʵٴ𣺡Щˣǵġ
ô²⣬޷ǾΪλĲͬѰ
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ֻΪӤϳֻӡ
ɱ˵ģֻӡ
лҪ˵筣ˣҸǣ㻹ɱң
ӣûУ
ӹXӸ,ͦ䡣
ͻȻһ⣬ӻϲ
Ŀǰ˵ĻݣֻŮӵˣ֪Ůײ
ȫͺֹ¸¡


8 
Ǹϻȥʱٽ硣
𰿴޳
˵С㣬´㲻ȥĶҰɡ
ۿβֺˣҪ޳ѵô˿ء
Ƥ׻ǱϽĨ۾
һԵĻҲ˿
µδҵС㣬С㴦
ǳ׿֮⣬书ߵģжǶΪס
׿뿪֮ͳ˻ͷ
֮ͣ˳ֻǶûҵǡ
ͻҹ꣬ʱ·ϣǺδ֮С
ʣС㣬ڻ𣿡
ǽվ͸ýģ˭֪յʱ
׿Լһҹδ˯ָôõ
Ը˵ة˵һסһա
ʱӤҲ˹
վԸ𣿡筹ĵ
ӤЦة˵
Ǿͺá
筼ҲҪվӽҲҪ𣿡
Ӥ΢΢ףº͵ҹ޻ƥǻ˴Ъһ
Ȼط䣬ӡ
筴Űصʱһ·СѾͷ̲סˡ
͵ʵС㣬λ˭
ôΪӣںδģиղƼǴλӵġ
һҹ
Ū筻ͷЦô⣬һشһ
졣
筷ԸȥҪˮϴɡ
һҹ˯ڲݶϡ
ŸϽȥҪˮ
վֻҪӸˣϴˮ衣
ϴʱһ᲻ϲź
Եϴ꣬Žа
ϴŵ۵£һͷںڳʱʪġ
Ͻ˸ɾİײͷСã˵С㣬ҸղλˣסǶĿͷ
棿һ
һ߲ͷһߵλƼʱЦء
á
͵תͷ𰿴ȥ
𰱻ԼҹŹֵ񣬿գգ۾С㣬˵ʲô𣿡
ѹ׷˼ҵ顣Ц
ף˵˼
СѾͷߺϣҲûУС㣬ôôȡЦҡ
ſڿͷͻȻоԼͷƤۣϽ˵úúãûУСЩҵͷ
ŷԼʹĴˡ
ϽŻ϶ֿ˵Ǿºô࣬СѹҿλӲǳ໹ȣλӺá
筲ŷ֣Ѿͷ˵˰죬Ϊ
ͻȻЩЦԼ񵽵Ƕ
ðɵѾͷƼһӣҪϲĸ䡣
Լݴ̼ѽ
ȻӤˣȷʵܴӳ໹ȣһ
筳󣬴δ˿ݵˡ
λٺãҲСҵġɢɢ
*
ʱͷĹЩ΢΢
һѣ廨İͿ˹
ʲôʱˣʡ
˵չʱ
𴲺ּ򵥸ԼϴһʹŰš
˭֪մ򿪷ţķҲˡ
һ°Ƴ۵ĳӤվſڣݶͦΣϸϸճխĲģЩ
Եøⳤ
筿΢䣬͸žЦ̹ҲҪȥ𣿡
Ӥֶºʵ֪Ըһ𣿡

˲ǰ棬ˣ
˽ȥʱССĺ䶯
ÿ¶ʱʱģ˵߻һӤ
ڴº˾ջߡ
ЩվĿֻ̣ܶЪһˡ
֮£ʱΧ۵ˣȥ
ö壬𰵹ǴǸ˻
Σĸ׵Ķ
ȻݲҪ͸û
ʱûָ֮ǰ֣м伸λġ
һŰֺӵٹһ£ԡڣŽԡڼʢ󣬱̫ﶼԲμǰ²μӡ
ʱ϶ֵĽ˵ܶ⡣
ʱһĿˣȴôܣ˵ԴǼº̫˻¡
˻
ǰ˵ģȻǾǣϢҲͨЩ
ӣǵҪ˵ǿɾ˵
̨Ǽʶģ罫е飬˵
λ꣬ôʣЦɫ磬ұ˵˵
Ҫ˵λ۫йϵ
ͻȻԱһ˵۫ĪǾǽλһĸֵͬܣ
ǡ˵۫үԽϵǻ󣬱ʥƫ裬һֱδǰԼķأھУҲΪǽΨһͬܵܡֻλүòʢϥͳֻһλӡ
λүͱ̫ʥ۰
СӴӵ˵ʼҲ⡣
̫ƫСӣȻСΨһĺӸƫ衣
۫Ӵͱ빬УԴö졣ֱү꣬ͻȻһ󲡣̫ҽ޲ߡ۫ү˻µʱֵԶʦ֣žȵү
Ȭ֮۫үʦľ֮ү뷨ʦ£һ׼ҵӡ
ŷ̡
̫𣬴ͷիÿ̫ڡ
ǰĻʵҲŶá
ÿձҪЩ𷨾Ĵʦǣ
λ۫үӰݴΪʦҲʲô׵顣
֪ͼ۫үһƬ֮ġ
۫үλҲ㣬ô˳ޡ
ԭͷϵˣ仰ͻȻЦ
˵»ڻ

ҵθһ±
ɶԷȴǰĲ豭ĺһˮ
ȼ¶ļɫż˵ȥүļӹɾмӹգүȴˡ
޲ö䶼ȴͣ¡
Σʱ˵үȻ뿪Уǰ£ҪңӴնƺ쳾šʱ۫ү˸ϵʱȵĴͷصĺУүͷɢˣȷʦĵӾͲôһ磬ˡ
ָ䣬˱Ⱦ롣
˵Ļ֣ǰ·ĳһĻ棬һµӣĶڷǰվŵķʦֳȽ䵶
УҪš
бƳ
˵գҪ̫˼ʱţ۫үǰ껤µš
λӵм˵ı¡
νľʷ׳ʣô۵Խ
п˼һҪ˵ҪЩүݣˡ
ǣ۫үϥֻһӣҪˡ
˵վڻɽҰ룬ûʲô̽ӡ
ɡӾĸ֣û˸˵
д뷨ģȻֹڳˡ
ºʥϺ̫ŭѡ
̫ϲ𣬿ȴۿԼӶš
Դ֮ʥδµĴʦǽ
бҪԼ׵ܵܵĶӳҡ
Ҫ˼۫ү档
Щ˵üɫ裬筺Ͱ
ڶɫȴԣζڵӡ
Ҳ۷Ź⣬̲ס筣С㣬˵λүǱ𣿡
о֮ԣҲšץסῪڡ
𰿴˵˵Ϊλӵ·źúõľλҪҪҡ
ˣЦ㿴Ҳ֪˰ɡ

֪Ҿǲ㡣
筶ҲͦȤ
ΪΪܺߡ
筸˶ԣЩͷǾ޺øС
ľǸУǶǵĻݡ
筿ڵͺ¿Ǻˡ
ʱһֱĬĳӤЦʵγԣ
һԵİһЦ
筻صҼҹǲϲɮˣǰ顭ϼʱÿη˻ԵɮˣСֻø뷹
ӤǶͦȤ
һ˫͸ŵ⣺ΪΣ
筵Ҳܻ˵˫üΪ뷹ǶҲԵ̫Ϊ̫ˣЩ˲Żеûţ¡
ֵٰСü⻪ţ͸Žķ
еóѵĴСꡣ
˵ʲôԸžԸ´ӴЩԱ˳ŵû°Ĺͷ
ĻüֱǴ治
зķס
ĹСǣĸԴõʦһĿޡ
ԼĻϣҲЩ
˭ǰλȻΪӺǳԱ£ֻ뷹
תͷԼҹӣŹϸͬɫ
ɵãӤںЦͷ˵ӣǺá
ã
Ķ
ֻδɢȥ˼ȴƮЩԶˡ
ε̫Ӻܺи˲ǻӣȴܻʵΡ
ԴɱȨɱϣȨ㳯Ұ
ƫƫûһ˿
λ۫ݵ󣬲ҪţҲĽȨ֮ˡ
ų
ֻ뵽ͦͬλ۫ӡ
ﲻһͽ͵ɽˮԶĵط
λүڹͷߣβᱻƻ
ⲻеݣ˵
һʱ签λδ۫ӣͬʱ˵ϧ
̾һӤ̧ͷǽڷָŲյıԵϸϸĦš
ָͣʱʵô̾ˣ
вЩп˵
Ӥ¶Ц⣬˵˵ܲܰæ
ҡͷﲻæˡ
˵꣬͵ЦȪʯ͸Ц˫Ž޵գƽ˴ɫ١
˵쳾֣ˡȨƣλֿɵá
ֻհЩͷĹƻ󣬻ͷǰ
лҪ˵筣ңֻһƽƽķͷСʿ
ӣ
ҵŮ԰ɣôСҪСŮǵְ֧
ȫͺ¸¡


9 
ȿȿȡ
ͻȻˮǺŵľҿںȲ裬ȴΪ仰һ±Ǻš
Ͻת壬ת˵ķ
ֻһŻ׵ѾǺɫ
ôĶŪ׷׿
ǹ߻չ˵ģϽָǰ˵ؿڣôôСѽ
ίĿһۡ
ǲСģǱŵġ
ʱ筣һ߸ؿһţλ⸱£ôЩ׵ء
ЩͷĹƻ
ĵףֻ¸Щʦгͺ¿ɡ
ӤʱЦ˳ʣôУ
ǵһƼ֮⣬Ժôˡ
Ȥ
̾˵
Ըϸ˵
ΪӤˣ׷ʣ⻰¡
̧Ӥǣ˵´Եټұ˵빫
áӤס
˾Ƕ˸֮Լ
Ͼ֮ǻ´μĻᣬȷʵԵ
ҹ
վû˰ճߵԵøž
ƣ·һˣС
ΪҪ뾩Ҳ˯¡
ֻǼͷĵȴһֱûϨ
Žڵµ˵ӣѾס
ֻת˸Ҳܽڴ˴Ъһ
Ӥվ
˿û˰ﳣϵЦһ˫۾͸ſ͸䵭ΨβɰС룬ůƵƹ֮£Խ졣
ڰҹУƽ˼
ߵſʱŲԶ٣š
״˵Ҫ˸λ𣿡
ԼҹӾȻλ´μԼƣȴ־Ⲣǻ¡
áӤ
Ƭ̺ԵԻ
*
ʱվٴ
󣬰Ѿˮһ̾ҸղƼԷͷſţС˵Ŀˡ
ΪʧСֹ̹ҲǣˣôҲк
ֻƼˮ˰ˣô㻹Ҫ˼Զٷ
ҶĻЦ˵
ǶٷǳӤ͡
뵽Ҳ˼ٱԹ
筷Ұˮ߹˵СʲôҰɣ
ȴһһ·˵ҵˡ
̽ͷȥ
Сġ峺ĺ¶Ц⡣
ûһᣬʹӿͷһιӺСˡ
ǡվͣſڵš
ڳϵĻûڵһʱϳ
Ҫϳʱ£ʵλСӣǲϴ
ųȣĴһֻģһϸƱӣ
ԭȪˮʯ˿̴ſѹ͵ĵͳ
һϸһۣž
үȣ৵һ´򿪡
үԼλŮĹҡһ˿ιӣһʱҲԾѡ
ֻ筴һ幤ɽˮ¥̨Բۣţ֬۾ޣɼɹְ壬Եøⴽݰס
ļҳֵСү
ʱ׿ҲƼ筵Ĵ磬Ƭ̾Ⱥ󣬵Ҳû̫⡣
Ůӳ⣬Ӵ磬Ҳǳе顣
֮ǰһ·ϲװΪ·ϲҪݡ
˾ǣһ
ܿ죬ӭų¶ع⣬žǵķȥ
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ڶһ磬׿͸˳Ŵ̽Ϣ
筴Ű𰣬ȥһУһס
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11 
筵º͵Щ֣Ҧĵһ˿졣
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12 
ȻǼҳҦȴû顣
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ͼҴӭүղż˳Ѱ㣬˵үؼҡ
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ӴϷҪˡ
Ҧϳɵı飬ҡҡȣһСӵɢģƵҦ־ȥֻҪ˵ұ㲻ᰤ򡣡
Ҧ۵Һ󣬸ս͸оΧյѹ֣˲Ѿ߶һҳģ
ΣڣҦ۵ĵܵҲڡ
ҦޥһϷĶŽҦۡ
ȻҦǰŸղȽһ̣ҦɽıѾ쳹ãȥĶˣ
Ҧʵصȥѡ
ѣҿǺѰɣҦɽɸֵ
Ҧ۲ô˵δ̫ƫ˰ɡ
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һԵҦޥ磬ȻҶĸô۾ؿڹĹģִŶһתε˵磬㻳ﴧʲô˼ﶫ׼ȥɡ
õˣһ±ҦޥĻ׷׿Ҧۡ
ȻҦɫѿ
Ҧɽŭ㻳ﴧʲôó
Ҧվԭز
ҦɽָԱߵĹܼҺСˣ˵ȥҰĶó
ܼҺСˣ˭Ҷ
үƢ˭֪Ǹ첻ߵġ
˭֪ҦȴЦˣǶ֣Լá
˵գؿͳһӣֱӵϡ
ֻǺڵϹȦĶ
ҦɽͷһȴͻȻˡ
ǰϵ𣬴ãͻȻ˵񣿡
ǵʦʥżһö壬ΪƳ硣
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ҦɽϲȴҲԵղأ֮ǰ߶Ρ
Ҧ˵ȥĶԻ취񣬸Ҫǿϣ°ɣȨǸ񡣷ֲϲ
Ҧɽ㱡
ֱһС˴Ҵҽ˵үСȥҶķʹˣү⼸ȥķȴδǷ¶ծ
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Ҧɽڿڣ㵱Ϊ񣬸Һ
ԣûӣֻȵԸĶЩҪң͸ϽҰɡҦһµ߳ŭ
ͻȻ̧ͷҦɽۿ졣
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⻹Ǹ쿴ҧгݣ޲ôлڵ׵
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췢ͻȻͬһظ
ԴҶ԰ɣһ´λֲܸͯеʱأ˭ڷɣǰͯǮ
ȫֹ½
*
л2020-11-07 16:44:41~2020-11-10 05:48:41ڼΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ~
лͶ׵СʹѹӢľ̡ϬҶ 1
лӪҺСʹ648977ûɵˮ 20ƿϫ.Noopypingpingya16 5ƿţ 3ƿ׵İǡīơŤŤС 2ƿ㡢ϸСݡ 1ƿ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


13 
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֮ǰϲ̵˵ͷⱲϲӹš
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ȥ굹һֱ߶ֻϧԴʥ˵֮ƷǿɾмеģڼѰ
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14 
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15 
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19 
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⻰ͻȻЦʣ֪ҵԸ
ǺΣҶԸóԸ
ͷһȣоƺһ
л˵أкδ㣿
лɫ΢죬ƺûʵʲô
ֱ˵㲮мȻԵ޹ˮǰҲûԵɡ
лһľȺ󣬴ٴ
Ȼһġ
ȫˡ
лʱɶĵѣЩĲ׺һڰˡ
ĳĬ筿Ĭϡ
˵ҲҪ£ֻǾˣί
ˣί
л΢֪Լʲôˣ޹˼ɵ˵Ļ
筲֪뷨ֻλӣǸС
Ҳõ˻ͣȴֻһǻδס
ÿģȴδȢס
Ǽǵ񻰣˵׼Ƿµġ
ȴһӷ֦ͷϵ
طˣͬһȥˡ
Ƭ̼䣬筱ĵװӣԼ˵ķ롣
ĵ׻ϧлʵھûԵ׾𣿲ȥͶ𣿡
ʵиھǣǱϾķңҹȥʵڲ㡣Լסڣ˭ɫҲÿ
ȷʵڵģĽ
û뵽ûȰԼͬ뾭ѵ뷨ϾδĹﵥסʵ
֮ǰҦ֪£˵˺һͨʲôйԸԺӡ
Ȼ뽫ҦҵıԷԼס
ôȥǽ֪ˣΪԼҦʲô˵Ĺϵء
绨ϼӣԼСԺ˭ɫҲÿ
һ¯Ե󣬸ƵٿĻɫ㡣
лʳˣҲˣ뿪
û֮ǰô
筳ɡ͵ſڣӤ֮ǰԼɡµݻȥӣɡСꡣ
лûֽܾӹɡͻȻһЦ
¯ܺóԡ
筱ŵŪļһ
ʶ˵ϲ´ԡ
лɡת뿪խխıӰֱͦΣĴݡ
ֱ׼ȥʱͻȻѿߵڵˣɡת
ңң
筿ϵı飬ȴƺѾ뵽ḡЦݡ
һ˲ƺ˿ʱ۵׻ϵľޡ
ԭЩˣǴھʫˡ
´ټ棬ò֪Ǻʱ˰ɡ
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֬ӵĵһѾҪá
筺ҦȥһˣҦۿǰŸɫ棺ԭ֬ôɫ
ҲûȥȹƣԹӡǴΡ
ĵףΪֻ֬һֺɫ
ǰǰɫ̺졢ĺ졢졢졢ɫ筺죬ۻҡ
ԹԣЩŮӵм졣
Ҧʵѹ֮ǰҪ֬Щɫеˡ
筻ͷ˵ЩտɲΪ
Ϊʲô
ȻҪǺ޲һ԰ɫĿ֬ؼңǵӲŻɹ筺ԥ
Ҧ𾪵ĿתͷŰŵЩ֬Ʒ
˵Щǵõʲôʱ򣿡
筺ЦĿȻţĲŮӡ
˵ô֬ˮӣĵЩǧС㣬˵Ķֻ꣬͵ˡֻҪҺͷ˶÷ǼҵĿ֬Ͳǲ뽫ȫɫռ
ϾŮʱҲʮֿµġ
ɫУûУҪһС
ͷ֮ǰҵЩͼҦȷʵһͨ
֮ǰ筽һЩӵͼֽһЩʽµĺӣҦһʼ֪;µ֪ˡ
֮ǰ֬ӣһ˵װ֬ĺӶԲλΡ
ȻٵңΪˣҲͷͼʤ
ҪںӵͼˣȫƲʲô⡣
ɴ辶ֱӽʢ֬СɺУɻ״
ҦۿľմӣĲ˵Щƿƿ޹޵ǿмҡ
Ҧ۵ͷ˵ģԷԸȥġǲ¡
Щȥһͩ֡
Ȼ֮ǰǸֳɵ֬ӣ签̫֬ƣ˿ûԼɫ
Ҫǵĵ꣬ھǴ
Ҫһж¡£ǿ֬ɫװӵŮҦǰãÿ˶Ԥ֧һµ
øɴֻֻѵױַֽ̹ء
˿ˣǻ԰æź
һ³ͿſڸչȥҶµĵո
֪ΪʲôһҪѵ𣿡˵
ҦʣΪΣ
˼סմǾ˵ϣǵվҪŮסŵĺա
Ҧ۲Ҫİоѹ֮ǰ˵ʲôҪ
Щǰ鷱ӣ筴Űؼʱ߱һƬϼȾš
ֱ˴ߣŷָԺһֱŵĴţˡ
ǰµķ𣿡
ԭס룬Ժǿŵġ
һԺӣڻһֱš
ֱǿиӰ߳Ҫʲôһ̧ͷһӡ
˶סˡ
筣
û뵽ʱ筣һЦ
ܿ죬ٴδŲһ嵭Ƶ˳ſڡ
ֱлЦ˵֮ǰ˵ڵȷʵĽ
筳ס
ұҪھˡ
лҪ˵Ů죺ӲúÿȰ
ǣɵŮ쿴ѽ
Ҳͺ
˸Σ˫ʱˢˢˢǲجγĶ԰
PS:˳˵һڴ׼V컹ûΨһȷǣVᾡ˫ǾŶ


20 
筺ðΣŻع
ָָţ⴦Ժӣµģ
֮ǰһϯ¶˵öԣסԵڡлЦ˵
˵ʱһһֹģ
ԭͦģƼģѲʲô֮
òǱϳİɣ
֮ǰûϸʣȴ˵УƶϳӤӦøԼһͶκ¡
ֻԺ濴һۣɿģûʲô
л˵Ҫ𣿡
ҪؼҵģʱżͷǾʹˡ
Ժӣδݣŵһɾδס˵ĳʪùζ֮ǰǸԺʰ˺ü֮󣬲Űȥ
лȻҲŵˣЩǸݾδʰЩζ
ŷ֣һţԼҶˡзùζʲôûУΨһªҡ
ҿһȦ̲סҪͬλ̹ӡ
ڴɨ筿ŵõɨ㻹ˮͰ
лͷﻹδˮ裬ˡ
筲žò˼˼Ҽţңɴ˵ҪҺͰҲһɨɣʰһϲסˡ
ôУæ
ȰүȻظסء
λ˵ҪæɨĻү϶ٻظˡ
ȻҲ֪үΪηźö˶˵סҪסƶۼĵط뵽ĿⲻɳɵĿ筡
ѵүǱǰŮԻˣ
һ뵽̲סֳ筿ȥ
˿һǳɫȹװͨƽŮӴ磬֮ڹ￴ЩʢװŮҪ
֮ǰվۿЩˣ͵ģ
筱Щ֣̲סգգ۾ֻһ˫۲תʢˮ١
ԼҲϽ͵Ӻ͹ﶼӣҲæɨĵ
һ԰ǻǣҺСһɨá
˵ų̹ƺȱٵõĶС̹ȥЩҪ˳¥ԸҺﻹٴɨһʱ䣬ֻûʱСš
筷СѾͷԾ
ͺŷӣҪͳӤƵá
ֻӣҲòͬ˵Ķԡ
ͳӤһͬȻǳƽۼڵأǽֵҲǵһƬ֮
ճҾҪõĶױ򵽡
筻˲ӣư裬һӦðȫˡ
ԸòƹӦѰЩ͵ȥ
лһԣһ·ϺɱۣЦ
Цʲôɾ첻
ǰʡǮЦԼ
лЦ˵ֻǾɱۣƹҪˡ
˵УҪ˵ЩҲ׬˰Ǯࡣ
֮⣬ɱòء
һԵƹóƽƷЩ͹ȥλԲѵĻЩ¡
û׬ǮλСӳʵò罫˺ȥˡ
Ĳ࣬ɫҲװ
лָָԶľ¥˵ôãҲöˣԷ
ȷʵЩۣӦ
Яֽ˾¥ٴλ£л¡
Сʱ筲ŷҾ¥⣬õӡôľ¥Ȼֻˡ
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˵ĴҲϰΪԸֲ⡣
л˵С¥ʲôɫˡ
̫˷ӣϾհŻӦýʡЩŶԡ
˵ӣõ̫࣬ҲԲꡣ
ˣ뿪֮лƵãϴδæһ¡
һϴģ
лɴʵ֪ɻǵǵԼ
ԼʲôԼ
һϸãͻȻȻ˵֮ǰҴӦ㣬´μ㣬ΪУ
лЦͷ
Ȼ֮ǰӦģ筱ûʲô˵ҳʱλʦΪ˵ҵ̫ǳھķ֮ءҴСԶҵͽ㣬סϼҡ
ǰҲԹǸеĺøĸ档
л꣬üãº㣬Ӧõġ
ŷ֣ǰ˾֮ͨ
뾭ѵ뷨ûˮޣͬ
筿óǿͷͬǴĵ׾δһʱлЦЦһ˫Ц
˶ҪʱͼԶһ󺺣žƺ˹
СӣǸ缸һҲûֻһ٬
筰̧ͷȥ°䡣
һУɫֵͣһˣʲôɸŵģֻ»ûӵȴء
筱оֻû뵽ȻӤ
Цˡ
ӤòԲ˵һſüʣʣڽϣҲǽСӻͷĶ
˸ǸͦΣʱסһξݵխ
һˣ
ޡ
筴˿ֱ̼Ը軹ҪʱĳӤȴֱֻ̧֣Ĳˮ𣬾Ǿ׼ޱȵõ˶Էϡ
׳˶ýȻû㿪
űˮǸյģ͸Ḷ́һùȥԷɱһĽл
꣬Ҫɱ㡣
лƳſڵˣ䵭ҿǸµû
˵ţˮһˤ
ſڱҪ󺺣ˤͷҲؾߡ
¥ˣӵ£嵶참˵Ȳ谭
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ֻ˻δǰСȷ·ʲô͵һۺ󣬾ڵϡ
̧ͷǰˡ
Ц֮ˡ
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лֱ̧ۣߵס
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ԭȻƵĹߣȾ˼Ѫɫ
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лһְֱ֧ͯϣVҲǵ飬һȹһůĶɣ
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21 
лż, 䣬ȴ⺰ɱѪĵطĪ筡
ͻȻɿưסһֻ䡣
, Ա, Ϊи˵ǰ
ΪڶռϷ, ܿܽ˼סɺɱ𣬾ʹӰڳʮ׳, ŵ˵ġ
ԭͽҲ˺֡
һʱ䣬¥˼
ϱ۲֫洦ɼ
Ѫ洦ɼ, ϡǽ, ͷĵϡ
¥ƹŻƶڹ̨, ŵɪɪ, ޶ˣŵɧζ
˱ˡ
л΢תͷСվţȴȻµģ
筲л̧ȥĿԡ
޹գգ۾֮, ŲԼķӦ̫, һ˵ѰСĳ棬ʲôӦ
˼Ƭ̺⡭Ҳ̫ˡ
лֱۣҪǰʧʱ, ȴ粽, ˵ǰ
۾ϵž·
ӡ˾, ƺʽô졣
л, ˵ǵһ浶ۡ
Ȼܾѽ
Ҳ֪˶ãĺɱͣˣʱδҹȴѻȸš
Щ˶ץˣ涯˾䡣
ץֻ¶Ĳ˰ɡ
ʲôˣܳץˣȻʲôѰС
ҷЩֲأȻǸںЩͽץã˵Ҳν
ֱŲȻǺĹٱ
ͻȻлڵ˼䳡̫Ѫȿֲֻ㿴֮ܵţ粻Ϊá
ô죿ʶʣܲסԼ۾ɡ
δڣֻлֽ̧ԼװηժɫƮġ
Ȼֽ̧筵۾ϣ˵СﲻӦÿЩġ
筰վԭأֱۻԺ󣬽Ʈһۡ
ϵ÷ŵصЦһ
էȻס۾棬Ц̲סʣôˣ
лͷģһС׵˪ѩɫƮ۾˼ĴС
ɷǿɰ
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筲˵ŽȨƼ󣬿ץκˣСЩ
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ҲֻõͷϾ۾ûڣĶȥˡ
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ƫƫĵͷ΢ת󣬾û̧ժ¡
ղŽлˣǸС죬Ҫʡ
˭֪лȴӻͳһƣԷ״ɫһ䣬Ҫлȴֱ̧̧ۣʾ¹򣬽Ц˵ˣλֻ;˴ԷѣʵڲŽ참
С΢ͷȴǿƣŵĽ
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˿ɾǻ档
л֣˵Ȼֻ·ȻھͿߡ
ԶȴģǵĶԻ
ĵ˿
ܿ죬лԼݵ筵ֱߣץҵ䣬Ҵȥ֮⿪
筻ͷ̧ץ
˿̹ٱʰֳֻǸСķԸ֮󣬵ûΪǡ
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ҹϣĶɷѪĺ졣
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˼ͻȻתͷлǲһҪ飿
лü
筻˵ǳԷˡ
ղǵĲ˸նδأǸžǽʼץˣһòˣȫ˷ˡ
筵֮ǰ飬ʣǸôˣ
лɫȻ̫ãˡ
ѾѶԷСˡ
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ҵ⽰ã껹Щδ
ڶл̧ͷʵҪһ𣿡

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ôҲСŮһȫ꣬㹻ĻҪڶĵ
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лºһЦҲǣֻó֤Լݵơ
Ծ
л͵ռѰĲ¶ϴ飬ԶԷŻ׷뿪
ϲˡ筷Ц
ϾںʱҪ밲ǵÿԼ
л˵ҲǿƾٳֻǸС¶ѡ
Σɷ򲻾Сڣ΢ĩӵΪˣһдչͼһ졣Ҳ֪ΪΣĪΡ
ǰλӣһʱ󳾰ȴվҡֱ
ϧôûεء
Ϊźš
㵹Ƕġл˵ҡͷ
ûһӿһҪǷ֮⣬л̯ۣʵ𣿡
ͺˡ̯һ
л߹ȥ⼸⽵Ǯһ鸶Ǯ
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û뵽ԼղŰοĻתͷðοԼ
Ӽԡ
筲δƶ˵ˣǸξԤʾ͸ԶԶѣԼһС
Ȼ˾ǣҧȥ
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ϾЩ֬ҪϴģȻɫҪ޼ϴ֮ɫʣȴΪ˴ɫֳͬ졣
ΪĹ԰筸ɴðѿ֬Ժӵʯϡ
ԺԭȵˣӦҲмҰȤ
ԺﲻѼܣһʯʯڼԡ
ְһˮ˳ǵص˴ģƷͭյˡ
ʱ筶û
С㣬һŰһӵľСɺУֱ֡
ָָһ⻨ɺУ˵аɡ
صĴɺ״ȻԶ
ӣһ߸ױһ˵С㣬˵ǵĿ֬ĳȥ𣿡
Ҫ˵Ѿͷʲôãžϲĺĺ
ʱ䣬筱浭Ȼ֮ĵѽѡ
ôãٳٻûδ㣬ϵƻúܾãǸҦۺϻ￪ӣ˼ҶӣȻҲҪñ
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ѾͷʵѨˡ
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˭֪ױ꣬Ҫϸϸſڴ
жתȥš
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ԣϲϰԹòӲ⡣
Īʲôɣʧ
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λظ˵ƵѼκһ˶
ðȥڽ
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֮ǰʱоֵĹΪĶһԼ֡
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лЦ˵ǹʱλ˵Ĵ˵֬Ů֮˴˵ȷʵǡ
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ԭֻ۽ǳ˳һˡ
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˭֪筷·оĻͻȻ̧ͷЦС磬һ
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ͨＴĶ֬Ҳ˶ΣһϵеĿ֬
ʮĽ
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Ȼû⣬ȴⷨǶԵģ߶·ӣȻҪ׬
筲ʣ̾˿˵һ⡣
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ֻϧɫƼˣҲȫȻû¡
ΪѾµҪ˵˭ˡ
Ȼ
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ԭǴĵڰÿκ˵ɫ
񣬻᲻˻û侮ʯ
筲о֮Уû֪ǳƽճݣԱ˳Ͳ
ɴھǣ˵۾ڶ
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ĵͻȻʧ䣬ʵҲ㡣
֪ڻȥʱ䲻ǴСһ𳤴󣬿ǰȥһТ
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ڶл۵ףȴ΢΢ü
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ֻϧӳѩ֮ӳѩãΪŮӵݣҪġ
һС㣬ֻһֻŶ̤ȥ
ϣл߿飬졣
Ӷ˶ͻȻת˵ӣĵһֱסڴ˴ղڼУү˳͡
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СĹӣһʱ˿ڻ¡
лǰ˵ӣ֪ˡ
֪ˣлƴӱóֻŵѹͷ΢ͷվһʱ

ת׼طʱͻȻתǮ¨ôˣ
ҲͦȤġ


22 
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¶ͰϣǸҦһ˵ӳѩҲ̼Ůӽ, ˰Ʊ
ֻǼ֮, ʹԼ·ѣǶû¶ɡ
Ӱ, ֪¶չĲ˳
С¸ллҲû¡
ţôʱ, ҦǱߵǷ·ת
˷ܵҵ筣˵иѵĽ㣬ӳѩõˣ⼸ӳѩñʹ硣ÿ԰æŪֻݡ
ΪʱװҦ۽
˵ıãҪңǾӣ֮µҲð졣Ͼӳѩֲǹٸ, ῴҵ·ӡ
ҦһҲ, Ǻܿõӳѩ
û뵽Ѹ㶨, Ҳ㶨һʱ
³ů, 仹дδˣٰŮȥӷ׵Ķ, ˴
ӳѩõ԰ԭ, Ǿô, ˾Ĺ԰
Ϊ԰ҲԳط, ˵Ѳͣʵӡ
ӳѩõĲǽͷһʹ磬ŮˣвٷҲμӡ
ٷ˶ɼӵģӳѩŮӾۻ԰ӣȴҲдп͵ĵط
Ϊӳѩ¹ܡ
硣
绹㿪ţδŮ֮䵹äƼޣֱƸͷƼԷģ
ԲӢ޵Ĺʱӳѩ
࿴⣬ᰲżӵȻһ档
ڴ£ôһۣĵҲи
Ϊԡڣͷ˼ࡣ
ſڵﲻӳѩõӦĳȻæҡ
һһصʻſڡ
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ӳѩŮһԣƼСѾߣĵԾȣòѾ߿ɲСϲõġ
һ˵Ǻ컨Ѿ߱ҶҶź컨
Ҷ˺컨ķͷ
òĹŮѾߣҲմ˵ı߶
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ϿûвںòŮӡ
Ůڲ²ʱϵڿ£ȴҲһ½Ůɻ
ֻ³ŮӰɴ棬ԣɴӣƲģ
ƫƫ˵һоǣⶨǸŮӡ
ŮڳվһϮǳɫȹ䳤ȹּ̧ȴȡ
ϵһͬɫһյزӯһա
޶̵֦ϸ
˵аɴϸȴƳߣŮѩ׵ɽɽϲеһѩʥϾ¶ڰɴ֮һ˫۾ǧɽˮ̲ʶ٣ԶԶžҪ۾˽ȥ
ǻĻ䣬ɫѪѩ׼ĵԽޡ
ͷڷͷһɫ챦ʯڣ೤գ׺űĥļĽҶ΢紵Ҷڷҡҷ
ŮǰԷһ̧֡
𰽫ӳѩԷ飬ڼȷݺŮ˸ơ
ǰ·
һ·ϻߣ԰̨ͤ¥԰ַǽСˮ¡
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Χ鲼ľݣƴçһƬ·ʵȴĻ
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аͷѹӳѩЩŮԴҪ
԰žͱһĳʡ
δãݺЦòֵĳ
ŮſڣЦͨﵽ
ڵĹŮһţ˵ȣȻû̫ſһڶûֻϰԳɨһۺ󣬾סˡ
һ㶷·ᴫȾƵãһ۵ˣĬĿſڵĹ
ֱ筻̧Ž
֣֪ʱͣ
˵Ŀ⾹̲סظһֱŲֱ筻ߵλ¡
Ҳ֪˭̲ס˿ֻԴЩ
ʯͶһԭ˵
ֻЩС˵ԵЩġ
Ŀ筡
ĵװ²⣬ʲôʱһ
ˣԴƽճŮ֮󣬾ǵһ˵ž˽ȵӢŮϡ
ӢǴѫңʮ꼰֮ڹһ裬ǡ
ѫδǣ֮͡
лϲμӵᣬЩӸػϴҪһü˷ɡ
ջС𣿡Ҳ֪˭һ䡣
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Ǹ̼֮Ůи˾䣬·ֻҪ˵һ̼Ůܽ筱͵
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վİ𰣬͵Ƕڿء
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ӳѩãɲΪ˱ϥЩŮһԼĿ֬
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ڣͿϹˡ
筲żЩ˽ύЩ߸ϵĹŮǣ̬ǫᱻк͵£һʼóһȵ̬
ЩŮϹǻ̼˼ҵĹ
ЩͷӣǸΪԣ
筼ȻѶӲƷ̬Ŵ󷽣Ͷ䣬Ž˲ֱӵĽ
ڽһ̽·ڷ⡣
˵Ŀⶼ䡣
ûһٴЦֻû˵
ԭЩС㣬ĵſЦ罻ȴ䣬͵ſżϲ̨ģ
˭֪Էûżе衣
ݵȣĽС㻹Ҫϼ֡
ڣиɫѵĹվߵԱߣЦʵҿ𣿡
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λòɫƫˣǽ㣬ֻ߲
Ե˵ҲǶȤ޶⡣
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Сﶼ֪ҪҺܿ콫ת
ȻСһ飬ĵĲȤżʶ֬ˮӡ
筰ģûмƳԼĿ֬

Ҫһᡣ
ֻһֱĲͷҪȥ԰䣬筶δҵʵĻᡣ
ֻ˵١
Ŵһȥ԰ӣ˵ͤУ˸ιųĽ𣬻Ͷ֡
ò֡
筱Ҳʶ˲ˣˣϵõģȴһнĹ
Щľګ̫˵
ԭĿģȴһǽϡ
ǸҵĹҲŲȢءӳƲ˵һŸһϵøƵ촽˭ԸҪ˭Ҫȥ
ͷڳйﶼס
ԭ԰ӵһӣҲסˡ
˵Щﶼһ԰Զ˭֪ײˡ
ŵˣҲסֱ߿
ԭЩŮУڣײǸүʥ첢ŨھǾ͸һǸ͸ıԵ
˱ӣûܵôͬʱעӡ
һǱһ˵촽Ρ
ɫѰŮǰ۷ӣЩϵķڣǽү洫ġ
ǴҲͰˣƫƫһŮҲ̳Ĵɫ
ЩԱ±ע⵽
˭֪񾹱óȡЦ
һʱ䣬ȹڣתˡ
£ըˡ
ֺӣҲЩΣףô֪Ҳ
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ԭǳӵˣӢү
Ҳڣ԰һڹ˲׷ȥοһ۲ߵĿŻ
˭˲֪ӢõĴ
ûǺպľǵһˣǾǺܶ໳Ůе֮ѡ
˲ƷòΪϼѣ书Ƕڡ
ͱΪү
񣬴δŮɫʲôķԷһмĹӸ磬ٱĹ᳦
һЩûҵģֻСȥԼûϡ
ȥοολСɡ
ڸղǸΪ״ӣõܻ˼
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߽ܳȥһˤڵϣմһࡣΪһӶĹǳ׶档
筺ͷ׷ȥʱͼѾŰ
Ҳޣޱ
Ȼƽʱã¶ҲǸ򶨵ġƼ޳Ҳһޡ
סͷϲСմҶժ£ȥ°ɡ
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޵ģȴԾҪ
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˳ĳ˶ǳ˵Ļֻŵˡ
ţͻȻ仰ɴ۾
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筰ĸһһ򿪣ָ˵ϲĸɫѡһ
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ֱָָһӣɫεǳǳɫɽҰţǽδ󼰹ġ
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˭֪жĽԵĹ罿Ĵꡣ
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֮ǰҲ˵ҪףǼӣүһһ촽ԼδϱҲôһĴ
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ǿ֬Ǳ߶ϲϳٶȡ
һʱЩɫͱˡ
һҦ۸筶ʱ˿˲ϵ֣ĵ˴ŵĹ㣬ɱ𾪵Ŀɿڴ
筳ؼңյſ³
ͿҲջлЦƹٻˡ
лھ׸һƷƹ٣ƽʱЩӣ඼ǼëƤС¡ǽסţܼĻᾹҲࡣ
Ҫ̫æµˣæŽԭϣæŶſ֬͵ϡ
ƹ٣æһ°ɡָָϵӡ
ûóãȴƫƫлá
лü۽ǶȾϵЦ⣬ֽӱ
ֻͱŽţΪû뵽ʲôôأ
ɻ筣ѾŽȥˡЩӰ׿ҲɵĴܣȥԭˡ
ʲôлݡ
ϣͼִ򿪣˵ҵδ
ȻлͿӡ


23 
лһ, ˲Ż˵ôὫ˶ûؼУ
Ȼո׬, Ҧƽ֮ġ
ԭҦҪ۳Ʊ˭֪ȴһҪ
С, ȴδΪ飬ǹƬ̡ոʼ׬Ǯһ֮ǰ, ȴսǡ
ǰ, ˵ֻҪԸ, ûҰ첻ɵ顣
һǮѵӢۺ
Ժ󶼲ѵˡ
лʣôЩӣ
Ȼѧϲǰ, ڴ£ұ˯ϡ
ԵƤĻ, лǱЦ, ͷ˵ôӣǽĽ
筸Ҫο, ҪҲС
һ, ھ׸²¡
ͷڴ, ٿǷ˲Ƶġ
ЩʵЩӣҲдʱ䲻ڼУ﹫æ
׸ƹ٣
˾ڣ׸ճϵİӣҲǼҳ̵顣
漰Ҫ, ת̲ʹ¹ͬ졣
Ծ׸붼Ǵ֡
ڿ˼, Ҫ, ȴûϴ⡣
˭֪л˵շ˼ӣº̲Ͼ˼㽻׸𡣸¶æ⼸ӡ
º̲æ˵˾䡣
л΢ǣ˵Ϊȫ쳤ƽİӣʥ϶ڹĵĴ󰸣ǣҰ¡
ͻȻ΢սƣ˵ʤ˱ҳ£ѵ򽫾˰̣Ҫ𣿡
ֻѰʧأлƽ
ܡ
Ļ䣬筵Ȼ
л˵ڴѷݽʲôɹᱱˣѼҹ
ˣ˵ʱؿ΢΢
ױ֮£ѳʵ
筲֪ʲô飬޷Ϊױ粵Ҫ˵Уıֱǻ֮
Ʊ꣬˿µ˺ۡ
ʿ£֪ѣڱ˵¡
뱱Ѿǲݵ״̬ôܻ뱱˹ᡣ
ƼӣͻȻѹԼƺ̫
ҽڵֻǴС򽫾У߾Ĺ£ʵ޷ĴӢ۾ᱻΪ塣
ͣΪ룬ҲҵĿлס
筿ǰͻȻ
˵ԭҲôġ
á
ԭ䣬Ըŵ
ԭվԼһߵġ
лתͷ筼УѯʵĻأ
׿һ˿죬ǽ͵ɰȥȡһ֬ԭϣԾ׿ű
л˵Щӣһ˳š
筲²ӦǸæµİйأͻȻʵǾзʲôӣ
˿ǺϷ֮£ʱᷢŮӻ߶ͯİӡ
رһЩϽ֣˶ೳӡ
׷顣
лòȷʵһЩŮʧٰӣҽѵӣΣһȥձץĽ
Ҳֻôһ
ͷɵͷѣҳⶨСĽЩġ
*
׿Ͱԭѱ֬ѱո£ֻոһҵĿ֬
صذߵĻһ
ϾܶƷѻǱϣʧˡ
ȥ׿ǰ˵С㣬һֱ̽үϢ˸ң˵ǻү⼸ѱתΡ
ҪͷȴͻȻ͵һ

֮ԺպΪÿˣǲҲҪѲƤ
ķˣǽ׹ܣ˲岻֡
ξͲһˣҲǹѺطĵطлɳöˡ
ϢҲǴǱй¶ġ
Դոʼ׬ӣ签Ͱ֮ǰݴӣǧ׿Ϣ
ھǱһ£仹δţȴҲƵãһĨڡ
ֻҪӵλϢܴ̽ġ
ⲻǣѺεϢ
ͷһϲһȴ޹ġ
ΡΡΡ
ĬĬ߶֣ȻԺȻǸ
ҽѵӣΡ
ӤԺһһĻصţʱ󣬿룬筱ðһһ亹
ɺ
Ӥ˵Ҫȥ֮¡
׿ѴתΡ
ξ̶ʹļ䣬һһ뾩һҪСĽ򲻿ɵġ
Ӥ֪ʲô
ǹεϢݸ
һʱ»筣ҲЩ
С㣬ȥʹԷа취Ρ˵οҲϸ񣬵ڣҲûлᡣ
ü˵ǮϢпɣǻǮΣ̫ЩδؾͿס
Ͼֵط̫ûʮգǲŶԷġ
ȥӤҲûá
˵յӣ˵׼վͻΡ
ֻһϵʱˣÿ
һϣ签㱣˵Ļһ䶼ûС
Ͽ飬˭֪ſţԴ˯˹ȥ
ܿ죬ƺһΡ
ҲϣһˣƺڶԷ˵ȴһ䶼
̧ͷȥʱֻʵһƬ
Է
ģоǸŮӡ
ֱԷһݹֽӹʱƼƵĻڴһԵĺ룬ī֭档
ܿ죬һתڵϵĳ
ٴǶϤĶԻ
ձš
ȾɫҲµȥ֣Ǻġ

өөҡҷһҺڰһƬ
ѵϣƫͷãȻһܣµСԺ
治֪ʱ𣬾
ΣڴϣŽһجоѡ
εԼĳˣֻƺǰ˵㣬֪Լ֮ǰһˣǸŮӡ
Ůӡ
筵ƺûǰأ͵վߵſڣһֽɡ
봺֮󣬼ǾıҲƵꡣ
û˵ϻЬӣŽϵЬ΢ȹڣͿųȥˡ
վڸԺӣʱƺǽŵġ
ҹУƺεδˮصڸǡ
ԥţҪҪȥʱԺ֨ѽһˡ
ɡ̧ͷΪĻӳˣȴǵĸӰ
ɳǰɫֽɡݵС
ӣỽ
˵Ļȴߣٳ޷˵ڡ
²ǰΣգǱ˲ԼȥֻҲӰɡ
лǰ˵ݵĹ˵Ҫ˵
áʶ
Ϊɫ̫ͷѾڱΣһ˿ǹⶼδ©Է˿ڵ
һ𣿡
ʱȥ
һ㶡
˵˿סĻ
ųӤˣϴŴ㵣ʵӲΪʲô𣿡
ǵȵطǾ¥ҲϷ԰ӣзȥɵɡ˭ֻҪĵطлʵ
Ļд͸˲䣬Χƺʧˡ
Ψ˵ÿֶ筵ͷ
۵ƹĹͣĻҪ˵ȴֲ֪οڡ
ã˵ӣպҪͿء
лһЦ˵ҵм£Ұ졣
£̧ͷʵ
𣬾͵ͷﵱҵСˡ
˼Ϊ߸СˣѰ顣ҪСˣٴΡ
ЦӵСˣ֮á
ڶգһװлС
ֻлһۺ΢üģʵҵĴʲôף
ȷʵס
筵ͷһԼ»һͷġ
۸ˣͨС˴ϲ޲ѽ
ֱл̧ͷһ˫⻪٣ƺҹδֵǹ˿̶ס
˵̫ˡ
筵ɴ۾һʱֱ治ģǹϷŪԼ
εСˡ˵
³Ǻա


24 
筼Ǻӻؼ, ٳʱлվţգ
筸ı̫
һԭ׵˪ѩ, ˿ȴ͸һɹ̫һ˫ˮٵҲ֪ôģƤ΢û֮ǰĵζ
ѰԼһҪ, ޲˯Ҫ֬ˮۡ
ƻȻ⣬װֻҪҪȫԡ
л˳筸ϳ, ֻҪſţﴫһ
, һɡط, ˳֮⣬λ
ֱлȻִźš
筣
ƿӣ
ҪȲ𣿡Ц
л֪ǹΪ֮ȴҲգЦҲá
ܿ, 筰ڳڡ
ǵĳŽϵ֣ȽȽʻֵϺ, Χ, ʱС⽺Ͱӵ
һ, ʰ׵С, ûüԷ
, ͻȻ﷭Ƶ, žһ๾
ûɵ, 筸۾Ŷĳڡ
˿תͷӤһۡ
˿£һǰӶĹ춯ǳĳܷΧ
Լ侲ѷҲҪӲ¡
ϵƤһһ緢̣ȴƭ˵ġ
ˣһЦڰĳ
뵱·ģȻүûĵԱߵ˸û
΢죬С⣺Ҳʮֶ
Ǿһˡ
лЦ˵׸Աмձļص
ϴһ˿΢Ц˵볢
ֻԻͷʼҪ׸ͷ
Ȼڴ˿ͣˡ
筿ĵƿӣ³֮Աߺš
лһ΢תͷ̧̧°ͣȥŰɡ
筵˷ԸԶ̯߹ȥ
ҲձҲ⽡
̯ƼЦС̴ŵģ
һ㶣תͷŲԶվԭصĳӤʵɾϵҼҴˣ
Ȼ˵̴׸ûãֿɶ˵ˡֽ̯İ¯ձ˳
Ҫ⽡
ʵΪΣ
Ȼǳ̴˶ϰ̯ЦǺǻص
û뵽Ӳ˾׸գĺʵ⿴ԱߣƼһʮСæʢ⽣ģӦ̯Ů
ֻʢһ⽣ֶһۡ
һۣվͺ˼֡
תͷȥתͷС֪͵ӡ˭֪ôһתͷС﷢֣һ˼ŵòᣬһС롣
ĴЩڵϡ
Ѿͷôûûء̯ԹŮ
С飬ȴʲôû˵ڡ
筽ʳ»صлߣüЦӡ
ǰڳϣΪиϳǻĴˡ
ʱһӣǽл΢
ԭӾҲȥ㣬λɱ˵ϰЦݲá
леձ˼ձ
筣顣
лԣˣΪôࣿ
ΪΣ
ȷʵֻҪձģǸ̯һֱ죬ֱӾͽձŽֽУȰֱ꣬Ӿ˵˸۸
һ֪ԸڰУǺεϡ
Ȼͱ̯Ūȥˡ
筴˿ٵͷŵĳʳֻͷһ۽ֵ棬Ǹƺʵ̯
ո¡ǵĴСϱת
û뵽֣ȻҲбӥһ졣
̯·ˣ
û뵽ССձ̯ĵ ҡͷ̧ͷлʵӣΪ̯С
˵л㣬ӣЩɡ
ȴлһۺƵ븮˵СˣҲ˵ġ
Ŀðɣԭ˼һȥĲֻһ㡣
ҲǣΪߣ˭˿ء
һСĹģƺƣԼ˾Ȼᱻơ
лڻǵڣҲ
̧ͷ
ʱҲĵġлȻ
ŵձһֵòס
Щӵ
һ˫л۾ͲдţҲǣûС
κл˿̾תֱӽţֻøȥһ·ϣλϣ˫򵥴˴клߡ
ûעͷСˡ
ÿ˶ԸרŵֵԱ㲻ʱ֮衣
л筵ֵ£³԰ɡ
ˣվžͺáҡͷ
Сһŵġ
˭֪лߵſڣֱӽŷתͷ¸˰ɡ
ȻֻΪԼԷϷš
筻δһ㵥һ䷿ڣл޹֮٣ͷζԾ
лû£۷ɨһ¡
óһձһڣԭ˱ǵձûԺǰˡ
Ϊʱ˹ԶƽʱЩ
лǳԵ˹۾Ʋһۣͼ룬˴롣ʶŮУĪ˵Щòģ̫꣬Էϸʣ̬󷽡
ǰȴڳԡ
Ůǰ̬ΪҪһ棬ӵǰ
Ǹ˲һǲ⡣
ֻΪɡ
ûǵӣȻͲ˵۹⡣
л۾˼֡
ܿ죬Ȼ۹ţ߹ȥţ͸Ͻ˵һԡ
۹Ȼû̫עֻԵл񣺡ˣ¥ַһ˽İӡ
лߣĶɶڣ
ǰ漸ʧٰһ˽ȫˡ
ԭЩӣǷһ£ǳ˺ü¥ݵĹʧ¼
һʼЩ˽ȫԸܡ
÷»ҪܵĹ׽ҪҪʬ
¥ģرЩĹܸ裬й׷ܸǮѡ
Ҫ˽ܣץȴǵ³ɾͲ
Щĺݵ𱣬ΪɱӺץĹϴ֡
巢֮ĸ糾ѿɱȴ³
Լٻᷢ˽顣
ȴŷ𣬿ɾͲѰˡ
лȥһ˻¥
Ǹյ¥ͱ˹ϵͣȴĸ⽿ޡ
ƺнŲ̧ͷȽελһš
ֻǸѿֶѣסˡ
طͷӲӣɫ˳¥۵ã£ѰƷٵĴ磬ûԽһ֡
ͨȴ͸绪
ģӣмʶ𱣬һ˲
лɨŮӣʵǻ¥ˣ
ʻٲ¶ղḡĵӣǰ۾
ػɣǻ¥Ĺ¡
ɣʱҲǸʹˣֵ˳𱣬ŵľɫ֪ˡ
ܿ죬¥λʧٵƹĹ뷿
λ¥ĺĹδͷƣȴҲ˶١
һŵ뷿֮һζҲúɴװΣصıŴ󴲣ĴֻͷĸҲ¡
һԵ۽Ϳʼ
ɣΣֻλүŵ㣬ӻͷԵĹﻹҪסء
һЦˣͷɣ裬ѹʵô֪λʧٵĹһزˣ
仰꣬лҲ̧ͷȥ
ɣһ˶Ͻ֣ӴλС˵ģѲһܺԼ¥Ĺﲻɡ
˻ԼֽͣЩӣҲû˵Ǻüַ¥ĹͻȻʧ٣˵ǸҰˡұΪ¥ĹᱻЩᱡӻƭˡû뵽ҲƤǳġ
ƭЦ˵֪ǲأ
ɣƳһۣ۵¶һ˿Цַ̧ޱߣ˵λС磬㳤һ˲ţû뵽档
筱˵Ҳջֻȥ
¥ŮӣͿãõȻǡҪȻأ̸ʲô⡣
筵ͷϿɣĻһ㡣
лʱͻȻ˵Ȼ˵Щţм֣Щ
ɣ˵ˣ֪ط߻ӣʲô̾СЩĹÿôˣٻǹˡⷿһأοסء
۴˿ҲӶѲһ顣
Ȼûʲôġ
һж˿򶷻߰ܵĺۼλƹԸʧ˵ġ
ɣ谦̾˺þãһ̾ûģ˼仰ƭˡ
һ̾Լ࣬ò׻˴Ǯĺӣƽûˡ
筱Ҳֻǹ߸鰸飬
ֻǴϳͻȻЦ
л˵˻Ȥɣ跽ƹǣ̾Լ࣬񲢲̫ƵǼӶЩء
ôǣĶŪ
ƣѹԷ
ӱѷ˺ЩӣҲһʱᣬư
筸лţ˭֪սȥ˵ͷӷˣͬȥˡ
һͷ΢
˵лתͷʹȥΡ
*
Ρ
´˿ֵ磬ſһſĴڣڶ˿
ſڱһγʯס
ֻͷļ̨ף֮ʯףȥʪС
ʪأЩ̨׸ǳ겻¡
ſڵ̨׶㣬¿֪Ѱ
ԳһֱԸҪ롣
ϾЩ룬Ҳ
лڳ߽η
̫Լǰգǽϵ͵ɱȼĹǽҡҷ޷԰ڡ
ǰͷεڸǴ·
󣬵Դߵÿη涼дֺš
Խ̷صԽ档
ֱȵлҪǸηȥձץķˣ֮ǰΪºСӣ𾪡
˭û뵽һˣĵӡ
Щ¥Ůʧ٣˵޹أɶԷھôãҪϢŪһҲзӡ
νҵרлҶеˡ
ǽڣлͻȻתͷ˵㵽ҡ
ǣˡ筵˳η
лָߵŴ˹˵ãȽסʻ
Ƕһۣĵ¶Цá
˼ٹ˵ãҲûͷۣϴأλ˾¡
ĵţȴǰסͽ
һʱҲ˲η顣
վη⣬Ļ
ĵװЦֻ½չ󣬾׸λģĳ̴ˣʵСϢֻҪˡ
ֻӵ£ļ
ǰŲɡ
׿Ϣ̽λĸηﶼŪˡ
˳ηֺţǰߣڿҪҵһ䡣
ȻͿһɢӣŶɡ
һֲ֪ĸо
ǽϵ͵ɢŵĹɢĳǰס
һʱۿȡ
еĵųװĸߴӣǴ˿͵ηªϣнˡ
ſڣŽŲ
ƺתͷߡ
һ˲䣬筿˳µȻãȴǵ
ٲԥֱӽ裬ָ⼱
˲ɴ۾
߿ʱѾȥ
ηǰϾΧҲзˣñ˿״ôͻẦӡ
£͸ת뿪
»صлڵηлʡ
ŷ˵˿ûȥָ
ܿ죬лʽЩʧٰҲûʲôϵ
һ̧ۣߡ
棬ɳᾹ̲ס
Ҳû뵽Լޡ
һ·ϣɱʱʹޡ
һ뵽ŵģܵ絶ʡ
һ𾴵ĳƽر߾Ĵս
ȴֻܱյ̧һ޼ʵտգȴֻܿͷǸСڣиķĻա
ֱһӣȻֱߡ
ץŬҪƽͷȴֹס¡
̧ͷлʵԲӣʧ̬ˡ
лδ˵̾˿ֽק˻ȥ
̧лӲ˲ᡣ
筣ޱްɡ
ٴ㺰֣ᡣ


25 
筲֪˶, ǽˣųڣ۽΢, ˯ˡ
һֻȥ˰գȴǾá
ͣʱƿҪ, ͼлֻ̧, ʾ¡ɨһڽ, ɻ, ȴǰ¡
ȴǱƿӵĶѡ
΢ŵĳ, ۾ʱ, ˫ˮٵüĿ, ȥϵľګ, 鶯ʻ
̧ͷһ, оѾͣס, ʵ𣿡
ȥΣóȥɡл˵
ҡͷȻһյС, ȻҪ, а;ϵĵ
Ҫ³, лȴס
ֻȴԼ˵һɻ󣬾ͼָָԼա

һĨ, ŷ֮ǰͿĺɫ۵, Ϊղſ޹, 
ֻǻġ
л𷽲ŵӣ̧ͷ
۾βĺƽȾֱл޳Ƴ˹
ָӣá
û˿ļӴҲֻǸһ㱡Ӷѡ
µ񽥽룬һ˫겻֪ţ̲סᡣ
ڼ·ʼŨ֡
ֱлջȥϸգ˵ˣɾˡ
һŲߡ
ãŵ˵ллӡ
˸֮лֵڣֱͨг
ƹ٣ȥڣջ񣿡ͨһεʵ
л΢ҡͷջ񡣡
һ̾˵Ǽʧ٣ֵĻ̻̣˵׼Ǹء
л׸ʱж̣ºͣ˭ܸ˵䡣
˵ϾΣʵڲ鲻Ҳ
ɸ˵㵹Ҳã˵Ǳ־ǫԹʣҲ֪ǸһСĽĴʣθΥ
л΢Ц˵Ц˰ɣǼʧ٣ھԹ֡
ɲǣǸ׿˵ģ˵ҲЩʧٵļӣɶȻ
һԵ筣ԭڵͷĥī˿⻰̲ס̧ͷ

Դ׳֮ҪŪʱս飬ֻο̫ѹû취˵ϻ
ΪһɣҪ˹һӰ
˵ģлüƺЩš
˿ڨڨѹ̴ˣ⻰ǧ˵ȥʵҲǸ˵©ģⲻǾͬھ׸ţ֦ͬǲ鵽ʲô֤ݣɶҪó
ԭл˽Ż
лֽ̧ϵһӣݸҵܺϣǵļ˵ʲôɵ㡣
ЩЩʱ̫СѹǵԼˡ
Щһط
һ˵ҪľҪҵЩܺϵĹͬ㣬Ϊֻҵɵ㣬ܲʧٵԵɡ
᲻ǸǵĶйأʵ
лͷֿԣֻЩ¥ݲԸЩŮƽʱĿˣ˵ǲû˹ء
вԱ˵˵ʱˣҲ˲֤
ǲٹԱ¥ݵİá
ܶӦ꣬Ҳֵط
񲻾ٹٲҪ˸淢Ҳһֻ۱һֻ۵ġ
ҪĲ鰸鵽ЩԱϣȷʵǻСĺ䶯
ЩԺΪθоܾ޷ǾԼˡǺεȵط¥Ҫ㣬󶼻пɽ
׸鰸ǻ£ȴ¡
̾ҲУҲɡⰸӻβȥҪ˵Ǿ׸ǺģּûˮûͷİӣӸǡ
лıԹֻЦȥ¥𱵹Ǹ˲ˮǮ
ںһ䡣
ڻ¥Ҫ뿪ʱǸɣ𱣬صظ˳ݸλͨдˡ
һѽѽЩʹãһǳ̴ܵġ
޷Ҷһھǣǣң´˱Ҹżӡ
ﲢǾʿ˵˶뵱٣иȱ̡
ܶྩҲˣûзļʣһֹ̼Ļ硣
λͨоǿϹģԭҲֻбھζĵطʵǼѡ
ǰڸ˽ӡ
˵лļ򣬵ҾͲ͵ˡ
ߺתͷл
лҪдӣƲδתͷȴʵΪ㿴ң
ֻû뵽Ӿô١ɤ΢ɣһѹ˵
ԭɤһ˿˿˻ơ
лëʼһ٣ЩЦ̧ͷʲô޶۲ɼ֮ˣ
ǣֻ֮ǰĹΪ䣬᲻᲻̫Ӧٳ
Ͼ筿лӣڹٳԵùߣᰢķУ˿롣
ĵķǶġ
ȴ˭ͨ͸ǣΪ٣ˮȲҲġ
ӣǽ˾ϲѽ
*
ֵ筸лһؼңԺſ³ӭ
筿űƽʱﻹҪڵЦӽ˵ҵСˣء
ͱСĴȤˡһ˿͡
ô£ѵҪӵС˲ɣ
ǿɲС
ڵ筻ȥ֮˵ү˵æȥšû㣬
л˵ͷתͷʵĶ𣿡
ոĿ֬
Ӧˣһס
ʮһеȻûУҪȼգֱû˵ˡ
˭֪ոǶľ۱衣
Ǿ͵ȶˣٻȥĸɡлȻ˵
ҹ
һƬﲻֻưŹŷżľûҲ˼־ס
᷿űȻƿһӰ롣
ڷǰ붨İɮˣ۾ͻȻ̾˿
ǽˣ䲻ЦôʦƼ̬ȡĪǲʦܡ
ͬº͵͸Ųԡ
Ȼǰˣ̾ʦպٴһЩڿұлʦˡ
лߵԣƿ°ڣ͸
˵صллʦֵģʦֵ粻ֻ֮࣬һûô׽׸Ҳûôװס
Ȼ˫ֺʮг˾䣺ӷ𡣡
лԳӤ֮뾩׸ϺȻǲܵġ
ɴ෴УȻԼ۫ǰԣȻԼһҪң
ԭ۫үЩջ𣬱Ȼϻ
κȴν֮˵סˡ
ȻǸܱ羭ʤɮ˵ģ࿴ͨȴ۫ү˼ʱ˵ģʦ֮Ҫң޷ΪСڷг̫쳾̫ԶȻүҪʦܻͷǰ쳾
֮ǣȥ׸ܺ쳾á
ĸطףбȹٳʵĵط
ҪҪΪлϻ䣬˼ůᣬܵеһУϲԵĶ͡
۫үҲ۶ӣһ뵽Լôһ磬ȻҪҡ
־Ȼ˵Ļ޵
νʧȥ֪
۫үգ˼˰ξĵͷӦȻ»Ҳ֪
׸ССƷƹ٣λ̫΢»Ͼ̫˼Ҳỳʲô
۫үΪлת⣬״ҵͷѾͶҽ
ʵҲڣһССƹٶѡ
л飬ǲ鲻һٵġ
ƹٵݣлҪס۫үҲͬˣǳ
ôһ׮˼飬
ʦֻ־ھ׸ɣȻǰл
ʦܾ̫ϻۣʦ˵һٲˡ
лЦʦֵ˽ҡ
Ȼϣ˫ɺʮº͵ʦܷŹ𣿡
ʦֺγԣ뻤ʦ̸֡Ź֡лЦһ޺ģ
Ȼȴۡ
飬ȴûϽӡ
ȥѡڼӹ֮ʣҪڻ䷢ңЩûµİűҸϡá
ҪԼȥڲƭ۫үᵽȥ䷢֮¡
ٲȻǣֻҪӦҪ䷢֮ͻһΡ
ȻһˣǷڣֻѾ
ʦܣһò
ȴ֪ϲŭ޳ӡ
֮ᵽ۫ӣ֪λ忡ţһӣȴ֪λҪĥ˵ʱ򣬾һֲظĿԡ
ʦִԽԽȻ̾һ
лͻȻɫ΢䣬ͷһΣ¶ģ˵꿪ʼ涾֮һһδʹ
˱ʹ죬ȴһһλ
ӣ¶һ죬ĥ
ȴѹʮ꣬ʦʱ˵СУʹ࣬ܰرġ
̧ȥʹеģֻһˡ
˵ǻ޼ɵˣкαĿء
ȻʣлѾ
ֻǴߵſڣȻͻȻ˵ʦпǣң
ǰ˵ллȴһδȻһ˿ͬ
лͷüͷ΢

*
лصУƿԺţܿھӹһʯӡ
ӣ𣿡筵ڸ
лû뵽ҹδ˯¡
Ӧҡ
ܿ죬Ժű죬л߹ȥ¿š
ͼ筴һɫȹӳ£¹Ӱ㡣ֱкó˵֪ϰߣصظġ
һؼңͰԼһϵ㡣
̫Ҫڶٸ
˭֪˸ԺűƿϽԼԺʯӹ̽̽·
Ȼջ
筲δȥĶϾӵ˽¡
лֽӹӣ˵ζǹӵӣŵ㡣
ҵӣлЩЦִǰĺӡ
һɵŶĵζڿĿ֮С
лгԾζ
֮ЧеϷӣ޺಻񫣬Ӿܷġ˵
ЩӣΪÿʱܻмʹ˳ҩݡ
ͷڴӣϲ
Ů
ϲ


26 
, лʵΪҪ
ȻллԸȥ, 
оǣллԼΪҪȥΡ
ʼվֻǣԼȥһΣͬˡ筲֪Ƿ²⣬ǲΣûпʡ
ݼĬ, ͽимѡ
ϣ签Ҫȥ
л֣˵ӣЩϢ
лվԭأĿԺ, ֮ͷԼеĺӣõĺǵ໨ɡ
, Ƶϣ
лϵЦ⽥գ֪һжǼǸǫǫžӣֻأ
սеĴɺС
һҹ˯ļ, μ˵
Ȼľ, Ǻôû֮ǡ
رǻϽӽ, ת֮, ƺҲ͸һѶϢ
һ磬签𴲡
𰽫Ŷ˽, źԷʱ, ʵС, ȥҦӾңôûȥ
筺һС࣬˼˻᣺ȥһ˰ɡ
Դոʼ׬Ǯ֮Ҧһľ档
Щӣ޲˯
ΪҪ׷ҵ飬ûһʼģ⼸ȷʵЩиţŰһȥո
筴ϻ£ֻһϣ㷱ܣΨСߺԵø
ͣŵӣһ羹Ҳвٿˡ
ո⼫ǻ𱬣տűп˹ˡ
ӣ㷢мԳƵ̨ӣָĿ֬
һţܿ
ôţ͸һĿĸо·򵽵Ŀ֬ɫˡ
ոרṩ˸ɫ֬Ůɡ
԰æױҷܵ
Ϊˣ筻صػǮˮڵڣ֬ϴ֮Чܹɼ
С˼ոھԽԽ
ҦۺûձǻڣǶڻڸһʢ
Ҧ۱Ļ磬ԭڳţˣЦк
ãһϣڻôˡ껨ڵʱ򣬾˼ңڻˮϽ̤֮࣬ңҲ֡ڻˮϴϷ̨ӣַǰף
ַӵ棬筵˵ͷ
룬˵ȻʹӶʮĽѡ֬ƼΪǺܶ֬ﶼԻΪϡȻǼǸɴһ뻨йص裬ǵĿ֬С
Ҧ͵һĴȡ
ֱӳĴָİ취á
ˣҾǿԳŻڣƳڵļ֬ǽʮĽĿ֬ϣ̳񡣿ʵ۸ЩּС
ҦһʦĻЩɡЩʦ󣬻Ըǵ֬𣿡
һЦʲôʦϲרŵСңСˡЩֻҪ㶼

ҦҪȥ˵ʱ˵һڵĺҲףǼȻҪļ棬Ҫϸ
£Ҧֳæ
ʵ˵Ƿֹȷ筸ѿӵĴҦִǿ
֮ǰҦңûһչĵط
Ը֮󣬷ΪֻҪ˵ģѣɡ
񻨳ڵһöͿʼæ
ʱɫڰأ׿Ҳˡ
׿ר̽Ϣ
һݣͽа˱ˮһ꣬ûԸ˱
筴ӿⷿʱĨ졣
׿Ѹߵ筸ǰ󣬵˵Ѿܹܼ̽ҵ䡣
ʣܹܼĶ
׿筣ĵֲõԤУֱ˵ԴҺͱץǴү棬Űȳ
Ҫһ
׿˵ܹܼ˴ȱϣڻûá
ܹܼ׽ˣС͸ߣѳʮꡣ
ûְץȻڳ顣
ֻܹܼұȷʵû˵顣
˻˵һˣʮӹȥ
Ϊסݣܹܼȥˡ
׿ϵ޵ĺܼңټʱһűСͷһƬ
ǷϵĲӡ
׿Ҹϸ˵Сȥ￴˺ү֮˾ʮ
һţ죬ȴû˵ڡ
֮ǰΪʡӣôСһԺӣʮһ
ҲûӣܹܼǳƽˣǸźүʮ͡
׿ͷ˵ܹܼҴ
˵
˵ûѺү˿̣Ҳһ仰û˵
һ㶣Ȼۿ΢ȣָо֮ǰǣڿջ᷿ſڣҪ׷
侮ʯ߶࣬ĹС
׿£˵˵үﲻý
Ϊ˵Ըһ˫ȣ¶һ֡ΪҪߡ
֮ǰţҪ
ܹܼ˵筲֡
筵˵ҵ飬δؾǸ֡
ǶܼſգֻбżȥӼǡ
ʵǴɵ𣿡
׿ҡͷǣ˸ʱ˦ҵĸ٣ܹרѵġ
ǾǱˣǴɵˣô
ϾܹܼҺ򸮵Ĺϵ˾֪
üȻǽӼܹܼҵˣ᲻ǵھµİ壿
ȻƽܣƴһǧöܲŰ֡ҲҪҵܹܼҵԭ
ܹܼǵ׽ˣδزЩ
뵽ԴҹȥһˣҪܹܼҡ
С㣬㲻˵Ҫ٣׿̲ס˵
ЩӶڴ̽ϢǽԼڰⱻ˷Լҵ١
˿ȥܹܼңһ˶
ҡҡͷұȥ
׿ȥܹܼңΪεҪ׿Լ仰˵仰˼ʲô
签ҪԼһܹܼҡ
ӷŵװϣ𳤷ŴӺԺ뿪
׿Ըڳڡ
Ź˰ʱ֮һСԺſͣ¡
³׿Ժӵš
ܿ˿ţǸĴձͷ̧ͷһ׿ϳϸǸꡣ
ϲ塣׿˵
ͷ̫ˣۻȴ׿ںԱŲӡ
筸׿ԺӣձͷԺ¹ϣֻ۾ȴ筵ϡ
׿ѹϲܹܼҵˣ˵֮˶ˡֻϲܹܼߣҲܹܼҲչˡ
ף˽ӡ
ԭڴϵܹܼңĽŲ̧ͷȥǿ׿
Ŀ׿Ǹꡯϣһʯɫֻۣ򵥵ĴͷȴһСģ
ܹܼ΢۾˰ΣͻȻҪ
筸Ͻǰסļ򣺡廹ŰɣҪ
С㡣ܹܼ筣װ磬ȴ˳
筿ȣðӺͲţüܿˡ
ʲôܿ࣬үڴ֮Сܹܼ˵ţۿѺ죬ѵĺ꣬ԼҺүҲ˵޾Ҫޡ
ܹܼȴһĨ˵С㣬ôȥأѵСûţ
յţֻҲȥݡ£
ܹܼҵɴ۾Űҡͷ˵УС㲻ǸСȨƣξȵ˺ү֪ʱط顣
ؾΪսܣ뱱˽ôΣ׾˶Էĵ˵׷룬ʹôཫʿ
ܹܼҵ˵С㣬֪ǰʥϾ˼ǰӪ

筴㵵ܹܼҡ
ΪӪ˧ѾƱ꣬Ǵ̻Եģѳ죬ڻҪʲӼ
ΨһĿԾǣʥϲ
һսүս֮ȴͬ伣͢׷үΣҪүΪսʿΡأΪζ˺󣿡
һѵû֪ݣ
ʥҲֻ˴ˣΪܼҲֻǴֻƬУ˽⵽
筴˿̾ңʱܹܼҡ
˵ʲô˸𣿡
ܹܼһۣ˵֮ǰүҲʹͬĻ
򷽶ޣ
ЩȻʵû뵽ҲԵİȤ
ܹܼ˵ү˵үǴӪֱӱѺͽѹûüκ顣Դӳ֮Ҳδү
Ȼûʲôνİ֡
ȴܹܼҡ
̾һԴӳ֮һδС㡣
筵˵˼ǣ㱻ˣ
֪ܹܼҵ֮󣬾һҪһ档ܹܼҴСųһ涼
ǣѾûɡ
Ͼү飬˭֪ʥʲô˼СİΣӦò޴󰭣ֻǶɳ롣
ܹܼʵС㣬뾩֮δС𣿡
δҡͷ
ȰٺԼȥ㣬룬ǶôˣôǱ߿϶ûȵԼ
Ǳ뾩Ǳݿˡ
ڵڻʧˡ
һʱЩ顣
СҲൣģСϾǰĵճϱǺˣҲ涼ҪԴСʲô顣
筰ͷȴ𷽶ޡ
ҲԵİȤȵ
ҪʣͻȻܹܼץס֣˵С㣬һҪСġ
ͻȻоУ·и
͵սҪʱͻȻವһƴХķֱĲ
签Ҫ㿪ʱŵܹܼҾƱ˹ǰ
֮󣬾ֱӴضء˸Դ
ҪסܹܼңͿѿʼѪڴڵѪҧѵ˵֡
Сġ
ܹܼ˫Բţֱ۵ȴ͸ο
ǺүŮ
㻤סˡ
塣筵ͺһ˻ơ
ܹܼƺ֧ŲסˣµȥҪקȴֱ׿ץס
קļٴ˽
ֽ̧ڵ͵Ϩ𣬶ԷôϵļӰô׼ȷ͸ġ
С㣬ҳȥڻܡ׿ѹ˵
ץסֱۣ˵ɣԷʱмǳȥͶǻӡ
תͷһۣˣԷʹõҲǡ
ּļͷޣܵƾ֧ͰǱƳȥ
һֱĻǿ϶ᴳġ׿Լ
ҪǱΧǾû֮·ˡԷֻҪҪС㣬˫ȭֲ֣ʱ˶ﱻ
ͻȻļʵıڻǽΣ
׿һ
筴ӻͳһ˵һֱϣû뵽Ȼͦá
Ƭ̺ļƺˡ
筲ĽŲͷϵݶƺҲ΢ĽŲ
˲ˡ
ֱͷ׿ĳֱӽݶͱӱϷӣһƼǽϾȻ̦
Ȼݶ©
ǿݶשߣһɣֻҪһͱͻᱻͱ
׿ͱ֮󣬾ͽеźż˳ȥ
ΧԺӵĺˣͷըһɫ̻ն
źŵӪеġ
Ϊ˷˵ͻϮźŵڿʱҲá
λźŵѾˣǳܻüҲԶһѣڽɱ˾˸ϵ֮ǰɱҺҵ
λ³Ҳ޶ǱӣҲ˱¶
˼
ͷźŵıˣССԺ䶼յ͸Ժվŵĺˣ侲һһ䴫˳
ɱ֮£Է˿š
˶˼ۣͻȻվԺмһˣ֡
ܿ죬Щ糱ˮ˳СԺ
ͬʱ
Ƭ̣׿߹ȥ̽һۣԺûˣ˳ȥ
˵Ѿڸ·ϣǷͷߡ
筵źŵȻǺ˳ˣҲܱ¶ڽƤ¡֪ܹܼҸʲôʱ򣬱ײϡ
ڴֿ
׼ǰʱǰѾʼˡ
ıӻǱȹ飬¾ȻҪˡ
¿˼ۣͻȻΧȻЩ졣ֱǸ̯ӣǸó˵̯⽡
⽡筼˵
վԭŲԶźŵ̫Ŀ澹ڶ̶ʱ䣬Ҫܡ
ҲǣڻʳǸ¾ȻӪϮʱŻᷢźŵ
ֻ͵ϣȻ󲨡
˼ʱͻȻһ߶筸Ͻת˸̯
ֻĶ֪̫ԣǶԷǳģֻһͷָ˵ι
ˣСֻǹ⽡
ͷһۣϸϸȻȸԼĨ˺ڷۣǱϾٻڣĳʵ
ˣȻ˼⽡Էһ
ĵ΢ңȴָ̯˵λ̯ʶңˣС⽵ġ
̯Ҳͦ£˿̳һͻȻ˵㲻ǳ̴˵Сˡ
û뵽λ̯Ȼļס
¾ģжţ֮ǰձûа
ʱͻȻоԼڱһͷϱ¡
̰Իʱæųԡ
лͷ
筵ͻȻûɵİˣͳװȫˡ


27 
лһɫ, ֳ̧Ž˹λˣҵС, С, ̰Եĺܡ֪, ʲô⣿
筴ͷŴ, ȴҪЦ
ֻǲӦ⽣
ŵʱ, ô, ˵ĻͺǽΪһ, Ϊ
˿лѽԼƵ˹ȥ
ԷһǾ׸ŵƹ١
ѹձСʶС, Ǿձɡ
ͷûٶ, ֻǹ¹˵ͻ䣬ڸȫϡλ£ʹС˸Ͻȥɡ
л΢ףлˡ
ת׸ŵĴȥ, 签Ҫȥ
ͻȻ, Ľһվס
筽Ųһ, ΢, ĵѼת, ǲԼ©
תȥͼͷձָָ̯, ǻĵ롣
лվԿǰĵط, , 嵭, , ҲЩˣһԡ
ǣˡ筵ͷһü۹˳ģ
̯֪ھ׸ſڰڹ̯ӣڽϴˣЩɷĽȻҲֺ¡
һʢһСʵλС磬ɳˣ
ԡ筵Ҵһ䡣
ͷûߣվԱҪ⽶ɣĵ̯װʳͷš
лŴ˲Զľ׸ôš
лǰ棬ںͷ
ҹ֮ŵԲ̰£֮ϵĺƱ¹ȾһǳɫԣҹϮʱͷϺµһ³
лƿֵţ筸˽ȥ
˭֪հʳз£һȴҴҵĽŲ
лˣôҲڣλͨУƼлЩ֡
лָָϵļ飬֮ǰİûʲôüĿұ뿴ܲҳ
Ͻ˵ˣةþ׸ֵ˶ȥһˡ
ҲҪȥ𣿡лʵ
֪Уֻ²ȥĻ̫áʵ˵
лЦһָָʳУ˵ϧҸСȥ⽡
ſǼҵĶ԰ɣҲʣǾ׸˶ˡһЦ
ֻǻδ˵꣬ͼһۼҴ˹
λˣϳǵȡƺͬڽڷΧǾ׸ֵԱϹȥæ
ü˵ⶼʲô¶
лҪųȥȴˣҸһȥɡ
ȻѾʼΧȥ׿ǲѾȫˡҪûܵȫĵطлһȥþ׸ڸһ
Ȼ֪Լ̫˽һλ

лȴ΢ͷվſڴ¹õк£۵׻š
ڴ
ҪСġлº͡
ǰ㲻ԵɣֻҪڣƺԸæ
ĵһлл͸ת뿪лǰôô
Ȼ׸ѾȫϣֵĹԱۡ
˵ȹ龩׸ܡֱֻȾ˽Ǿ׸˾ǹȥֵġ
ھ׸ھôؽ磬һǺģ˭ڵϡ
˵ȨĽЩƼҪͿ
ҲûʲôԹԣҪȥĵط뿪
ո˲ڣԹµǾ׸ĸةлҲڣϽ˵ãƹ٣ȡƺͬȥһˡҪǽ¶Ļ͵ӵ
û뵽лҪȥǸСԺ
Ϊ׸ܽһ·˹ȥ
ȵ˵طֽѾΧϸ񿴹˿
筽СԺͼΧѾ˻ѣԺյ͸
ʬ壬һ壬һ߾ձϲ
ֻһۣͱͷٶ࿴
лԼƸ˴Ľǧ˵ˣ¾׸ƹٳӤǾ׸ةصЭ˰참ġ
Ǹةǵͦ󣬾ôһССƹٹ
ǧ˵ЩϤ΢̧ͷƳ˶ԷһۣͻȻסͷ޹ġ
ոи֣ǽǧոһſģ
Ϊӽʥ죬ָʹĪǻʵߵĴˡ
˽ھмҲ˸˵ʲô
Ҳʷ̨ǰﲻʷҸǶŸɡ
лº͵Ȼģſ֮ˣҲ˿δɫԷ˵ʲôʲô޹ء
ܿ鿴ΧָŵϵļЩԺҵģ
бһۣߵȷʵԺҵģõġ
лߵǰĴֽѾѣȻʱЩ˲δ飬һҪԷе֡
⻧˼ҵǣлתͷһԵĽ
ֲҲ鰸鰸ݲӦǾ׸ġ
лͷ
Ǻܿ죬ȥ̽ԺݵĽˣЩȥĶȨ
ҪŪ˵ݣ϶Ǽ򵥵ġ
ֻĽ˵ˣѲ̽˼СԺ˽ڣʿǰմų
ӴǸ¶أʲô¡ʵ
˵ǰƽܼңΪƽҶһ£˽˳ƽĲҵűץΡ󾭹飬޴£ű˳
΢۾ǰƽ
ƽһ£δжۣȻڳ֡
ǽϢԵĵطҪͨ
߾Ϣɲ̫ãҰģûţЩħֻ»Ҫ
ҲʥϳٳٲϽԭ
ɱһףֻʥּҲֳƿ졣
ҪҵһĽȴڵ졣
ʱлϵһ֧תһȦ˵ּǾƣõġֻ¸쾫Ҹֳļͷֻͽ֡Ҳ١
ڴҪȹϲˡ
ԭڳ˼˿Ļȥ
Ҳ˼
֪ΪͻȻ˵
лָỬ⣬¹ͻ֮£ɱ
˿̸ʵʲô˼
֮Уӽ£ȴôһ˰һġ²ֻɣһ˽ֻЩͼıС󰸲ǸĻᡣ
΢
Ϊӵ˼С±󣬽ôһ׮ɱıĴ󰸡
ǻϵ߹вʥϰΣ飬ǾԲŹһ˿һ
˵ΪھйȻɱˡ
һ뵽ҪԼ˿ľͻƲϵ߱ʬ壬ͷ
Ҳá
ԷȻ߲ƣ罫춼ͱ˲źãı󰸣ҪҪͨı²ɣԼ⾩֮ڡ
ͻȻЦߵлߣ£ֵܣ˵Ĳ
ھаһı㲻ıҲĻ졣
İβͨ󰸡
лŸ֣ڸ˾ͲһȫѲʥּˡ
ԣȥּҵҪ˸ǽƤӵɱˣǴʲôͨĵӡЦ
ֻǰл˵ԷҹЯġȻע⡣źŵ֮󣬽Ѹٸϵ˵Ͳ⸽Ը˱ȫѲ飬صѲȡƺͬΪģԲĵط
ڵߣûջ񡣡
ִ˿ǳ׶лĿ࿴̲סҡͷھ׸ССƹʵǿϧˣ絽ǽұٻɺá
ٻƷĹְ׸ƹƷǿǺ̫ࡣ
˹٣ҽǺߡ
׸Ǹǵͷˡ
˭֪лȴɫƽͣ΢΢Цл̧Ҳһεºĵط
ľܾûֵ̫ϡ
ԷһЦ˵Ҳǣǽһç򣬱Ȳϳ̴ġ
ƹҪѰ֣δضԼûкôֻǸֵ󣬱Ͼ˵ģѰ󣬵ʱưҲǴһ
ڽǧλϣ˲һա
ʹְλֻһ㣬ȴӽƽղʥҵģһѹһǧ
ⰸӱ֣ձϲʬûбͻؾ׸
ҲûץӷϢȻǰˣ׿Ҳǰȫġ
лӡ
ߣֱΧû˽ˣ筲ſ˵ӣʵҾǸԺǰҪɱҡ
ʵ˵˳Էô࣬һֱͿġ
˭֪лȴûгɫ΢תͷ嵭֪Ҳ˵ı󰸡
΢ƺ̫˼
лĿգ󣺡һȻȫ׷ɱͽΪ˶ܽ׷飬һ伣
ǱǱǵĻڣ֮ܶǶʧ
Ȼûȥ׷ɱ筡
ʱ䣬筵İΣٵġ
лڣһʱ˵һ֡
ΪҪôʵ
֮£ǰɫۣȴִɢıĮȻ޺ȴְɱ
ֻ򵥼仰ý֣Ҫı󰸡
ӣ筷¡
ֱл۾һ˿Ҳ͸֮ǰδĵĮ
ΪǽҪɱ㡣


28 
˻ص׸, ةƼлϽʵȡƺͬǱ߾ʲôô˵㳷أ
л΢ҡͷ
żĲֱĴȣ˵ʲô
ҵȡƺͬʱ, һũСԺ˱ɱ, ֳ˺ܶ๭ֻ¶ԷЯ˲١
ةɴ۾, β˵ô
ˣҪ׼ˡлѵ
ةʲô׼
֮ͻȻһȺʿЯôһı, ΪлȻҪȻᱣͬһھ
ڸܲܰ, Ϳıˡ
⻰ʱӲԭأҡͷ͵⻰ɲ˵ġ
˽Ķ, ǰи, ϶˶ʮ, ֮ųն䡣
ʲô, 췴
췴Ҫʲôˡ
ˣҪ׷ֻһȷѪꡣ
лȴһԾڴ, ٿڡ
ֻǸة, ԭشת˺üȦ, ˵, ǵ֪ͨһˣҪˣҲиš
룿
лͷÿɷһЦ
ة̵ǸСųģ¶Ⱦʹյķ꣬ôСɿס
*
ѵ
ڲͬյİѾƻԻͣŵĽשƹһգҫŵ̽¯֮ϣƣһɵĳˮζ
һ۵¡ˮϡ
ܿ죬λ̫һˡ
ΪλͻȻ̵¡ʵ
̵ǹ֮ǰرģֻӪУʱ򣬻ʵۻΪ⣬˹ֵˡ
˵ҲǴɣʵ۽ͻȻ£˻ʹĹ¥
¥ߵĵطǡ˼վڸߴŽƬء
ֻ˭û뵽ʵ߸Ͽĵ۶ʱͻȻһ̵
𵽰е̻𵯣գȾɺɫ
¡۾Ź󣬱޾ŭ
˽ȥ鿴Ƿʲô顣
ڳӺ̫һͬǰҲΪϿյ쳣
л˵ʵָʹ֮شŸһͬ
䲻ͷһʥô飬ҲЩĵ״ġ
¡ǵʵʲô飿
ִ׻صػϣְǰ̵ĵطһΪȡƺͬСԺϿաְ˵ʱԺ֮ʬ塣һʬ岱ѣ²Ǳ˴վ¡һڡļ֮¡
¡ü֮ɫ
ֳּļͷԷֵġӦò١˱ְѣֵܽ
¡һİϣƣʦص㣬ӽ£ɱԽ顣
һԵ̫ӣæȰ˵ϢŭЩСˡѷΧܽЩ˼ù鰸ġ
׵ӢԶ˼ǻ׽Ĵ󳼣˿ȴҡͷ̫ӵ´Ե׻ǳЩ˵ھʦɱˣûнϷСЩ˻ֳ֡˽ֻͼıС
Բ١¡ۻͷ
Ȼδ˵̫ʲôĵײɻǶ̫ЩʧΪ̫ӾС¶벻
Щھȥɱˡ
ⲻıֻҲˡ
ּͬ˻˵˵ͷϲ˵ʥҾݱְѯ˵صĻŷֱɱ˵УһǰƽĹܼҡ
ʲô¡͵شλվ
һͷֵĸо
ֻ²򵥡
ǽѽܷˣаսЩ˼ù鰸¡۳
£ػϣֱּʱܡֻҪ㹻ץܽӷ׽ù鰸
ãޱּ⣬ȫ̡
˵⣬븵ڼλ̫ӵ󣬴֮ŵʵаգ
ֻܷĺˣǽܳͷֹ˵
û˵ԼѹͿ˽ϡ
ͷָʹڳгͷ
ҸֱˣȻᣬҲûţ˵˴ĻᣬĽЩץס˵һʹһ¥Ҳδزܡ
дָʹֵ֡
Ҫڻʹڣ̫ע⣬޲øһݡ
ھǵĺҹûյƽ
㳲ȫѲɱ֡
׸Ҳæµл筻ֱֵ֮˵ڼд̣˯ᡣǲ˻ȥٴؼҡ
һĴ̣ҡͷ˵ϢɣҲ
ˣ㿴˯ĵ
лѵõǿƣ΢΢һ
ֻڣŴϸɾı죬ֵͷһԼϣŷʯɫϣʵմȾѪ
Ѫ̫Ѿѵɫһ
Լϸ˰죬ֻҲƲ
³Ѫ
ڴߣΧǰģȴһ̶ûͣЪ
֪СԺз飬Ըȴġ˵Ҳס˿һ£粻£ƫƫ֮󣬾ͻȻˡ
˵ǰɱָǶġ
Ƕġ
־ǶŵӦòҵϾݣʦ֮иϵװ࣬Щ˾͸ϳ˭
ҪŵģǸͷˡ
ԷҪʲô
ͻȻ֮ǰ˵Ļ˵үҲ˸һĻ
ʵǣʲô˸
г˵ǴĴͨڡСԺӦҲǴסŵģ׿˵Ĳãֻһձϲչˡ
ͺһն˭ϹƵá
筲ԸԼôµò
д㣬ôû֣ǲֻǲܳ֡
뵽̲סĶ˳
ֻͳδüϸ֨ѽһ򿪡
̧ͷȥͼлˮ軺ڡ
ҴЩˮлˮԱߵϣ̧ȻЩ㣬ϴһ¡
иɾˮÿοʱܻԼ·𱸣ôǸҼҹ鷳
筻߹ȥˮϴ
ԭͿŵĺɫ۸࣬ʱϴȥ¶һ޶˵ἡѩһ˫ӵ۽΢һɶ˵ġ
ϴ֮һ
תͷл˵ҺǸ鷳
лƲ˵Ļ
ã筷·¶İ㣬һһΰӣ˵һ󲻵Ĵ鷳
δ͸¶Լʵݣƺƽ
һ̣Ҫ¶ࡣ
ʵŮ
лͻȻָָ˵ȥ˯ɣ̫ˡ
˵꣬ϵˮ¶˳ȥ
û뵽㵽ʱû˿Ҫ֪̽ܵ
˵Ǹмʧ䡣


29 
峿, ڴţȴ˿˿͸΢գգ۾, Ӧ˳⡣
һ㶯ûС
˺þãһû, һʱЩҡ
筰´, ߵſ, Ҫ⿴
˭֪űƿһɫ۵л˽, Ŀԡ
лŰſڵ筣ںڵĳɢڼͷϵ΢, һذϸľ¶棬ϸ⻬ֻϵȵ֬񶼱Ȳϡ
໹ǳǳ, ɢŸ˯ѵġ
筱ĵ׻Щң˿Ŀ, ̲סһ
شӳŷ޼ɵĴ롣
л, ڣˡ
筿лͷ, ˳żͷ, ظһΪˡ
, Ҫ˴, ֻ¾ͳˡ
ϾһŮھ׸ҹ, Ҳд󰭡
ֻǳȥ·л߹, ·ݹ, ۾΢Ʋһԡ
筽ӹ·Ϊ㣬ͷһۣŷԼڵķ⡣
ǰһҹЩңڳЩԼͷһĨɫ
лл签Ĳҡ
תͷͼ䣬ɾ·ڴϣ˫ѹա
˿չ̣΢棬Խ˵¶ȡ
Ƭ̺ƽ飬·
ŷմףɫƣʽЩͬϸҲϳǲͬ·
ѣմѪ
ϿŹ߻谵·ϵѪȥǰѳǵĽҪȥס
µѻϡ
ȳ֮ѾóһӴ硣
л˿ڰԣ˵׸Ӧüæµȥ˵ȥЩʱ׼һҵѣá
ûź򣬿𣿡筵ʡ
ԴðС˳֣лûнߣĵΪΡ
лһ˫ſڵ޷ҲƷƹ٣߼ûСҲ¡ﻹۣ·ԸȥҲһ
һԼŲŷġ
ϻؼҵȻһ·Ͼ˹ؿ
˵ҹʼһֱȫǴѲһĲץסԷݵģ
о׸飬оջصС
ʱڴ˭
ҡ˵˾䡣
ţһȻģС㣬ҿˡһҹȥĶˣ
ֱӽƽԺſڲ˵ĵطǽԺ˵
˱ߣ签ʵ׿𣿡
ûҡҡͷ濴һۣ˵С㵽׷ʲôˣҽҪȥǣȫǽ
𰵨ӲСһҹǻû
С˵ȥ̫ãڼʵڵȵû취ֻȥ
ʱڼ𣿡ʵ
ҡҡͷڣұż
ƺףܼʱϵԭ򡣻Ϊĳְ취ϵŻԼ
ʱھ׸ſڣϡ
˵С㣬ȥĶˣ
Ӿҡ筵˵
۵ϲ˵϶ͨ籨ŵģҾ֪һзҵС㡣
΢̾һڣķ·һܴߣǷһ顣
ھƹͽǣ֣ܿЩѪȡ
Ҳһ䲻ʣȥ
θӽֵ¾ȳһһΣȫȴԵɡ
Ե޹ʡ
ΪǸξԵʣ筶зߵˣһŨŨĽ䱸
ҦۣҲ˿ûҪԼ͸¶˼ԣҦۿΣȴȫޱ
ʱȴѿڶĳ嶯
Ҫ筣Ů
ܻ޾ĺ󻼣ԿǺˣѡﲻ
ÿһΣҪ˵ʱҲӡ
ƺ⡣
Ҳ֪Լùӣֵһ˲䣬İС
һ̣ɽѣͻ䣬η塣
Ϊǰվŵ
С㣬׿ôûһȻ筣İ룬̲ס˾䡣
ҡҡͷ
ΪҲ֪׿ȥĶĻסﲻԶĵط
˵׼׿ȥ
ðڼԼ׼ȥ
ϽסС㣬ȥưɣ㻹Ǵڼ
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筺׿һû취ݵôԶǸСĸ󣬲ûк¡
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𰿪ĵͷϽҪȥ·˭֪˿Ժ˶һۣ۵¶ȺЩϲ
ǰҲ˲ϻ£ȥš
׿վſڣģ
վǰĵһ³һ
˽˵뿪ѾʼܣҶһũԺһֱȵϲų
ѳҲҪʱ䣬׿ũСԺûѲ顣
öȽһ磬֮󣬽ϵ˶ŸȺ˻
ŷˡ
ھǲգȴһƬëûҵ
ŪԹصָʹ޹⣬ѸֽйݺһͨתͷҲ¡ѵһͨ
û취ôѲҲǰ취
ֻʱ˻
νŪĻͷЩ󳼿ǼģϾЩ˷ˣĵֻлϡ
˵䲻ģ̫δط
⼸һֱڴĦţĶ
һöӡ¡
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ܹЩġ
Ӫô꣬ձȨʵ۳ľְУӪʿͲĺ
ϾѪսɳģǶڻʹԺĻʵۡ
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̲סס˽£΢΢䡣Ѿʼ׿ǣȥ̽顣
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ո
ڲ鿴¿Ŀ֬ȣҦ»ǿףǸ˼·ȫˡ
ϸйصˣƳɱȫˡ
һʼȷʵǷЩ֬Ǽܲסɣⲻһ񻨿֬ˡ
͵Żһϻ
ȻµŮҲõĿ˶͸˿ڷ硣
ЩŮϲʲôǶһ޶ûеģУˣٶӻˣɻǾֵá
ͷҦԿ㿴⻨񣬻Ŀɺá
ͷһ߶ſһЦȷʵÿֻôЩ졣
Ϊ˷񻨣εĿ֬ı֮ǰĴ󣬲֬ķֻǱ֮ǰԱ˼֡
ƣ˭Ҧ۵
ֶſ˻ᣬֻǾЩ졣
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һƲҦۣͼεЩŮƣԶĻò
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ȻҦ۶筲Խص˼ǰ֮ģ˽֮վǰҲǻῴʧ
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ܿ죬ͽ˽ʶ㣬һãƼȿڵҿ֬ɫʵ̫ÿˡ
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֣ο˵ȱż֮ǰӳѩʱæոҲ򲻿лӦõġ
ȴҡͷ˵Բӣոܷ֮ҾǣΪո󲻽֬ãһǵ˼롣ÿֿ֬һ֣üǶҺ
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ͷĬָ֣Ļ㱸С
£ԴƽҶ֮͵ࡣ˵һ溫ҡ
˵ˣԼˣܻи
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筵Ҳûô̬ȣŵͷ˵ԼǣպҪǵýԶ֡
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촽С˵ڿ˵˰ɡ
筺ͽͷſ˵֮ǰ˵ǵһʱǻ˵ֻܽһ˵ͷġ˵ĵһ˼ȲҲǻϡ
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ƺûʲôĿģֻ⿴
ҪСЩšʱڿ˵
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ոȡǽƶȣÿлҵŮĿ֬ÿжһ
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ʱܽ֬ӣƺҪζ΢̧֡
筱Ƴһۣȴһ֮綨㣬ԭء
Ϊֻܽڴһź룬ī֭Сĵ㡣
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֮ǰһŮӣѵܽ籣
վڻܺ棬ŲԶܽ籡
˵ܽΪãȴ᲻ࡣһμ棬ĸȥݱɥʱǶǼͯ
ƽ˿ڼ򵥣ֻŮ
ʹճŮиĶܽ籡
Ҫ˵ܽ籵ǱЩ˵ˡ
䣬ܽ籵游ƳڳΪʱ漰һڴУš
ʱĺ筵ĸϷƴϷˣԼŮһ·
ϾжţֻЩ尾
һĹţǾ
˵꺫˶Ϸ˻Щ飬Ϸ˾Ӧ
ʱǡ߹شݣؾ͡
Ϸ˵İ֮£˺Ů
ʥЩջȴҲΪһŮӣԼصĽʧǸɴһСΰѺŮ̧˽
Ӵ˺Ů˺
Ȼ筲׵ľż˵꾩лʢǳһŭΪա
ĸزݽʱһæȴһš
ĸÿõţЦݣԶ޷
签ţΪ˺һŭ
ĸȥ󣬺ұƽ˾̫ү˹ְүӸ𸴣˶ۣ᲻ʹ˱
ȴΪ
ºƳλƷĻɣûаѺĴ㡣
ƽ£ܽһ˺
筸ʱҲ׿̽˵Ϣڵ֪ĿǰںҺ󣬱Ҳġˣǻкұӻʳǡ
筲ŷԼƺĽ㣬̫˽⡣
˿̣ȻûǰҪ׵뷨
ܽ뿪筱õһȥ
˭֪ûȻͬڼе筣Ժһ󼱴ٵ
ȥ֮󣬷ŵľҦߵСˡ
Ҧۺģŵù
˭֪һ签ͼƹǵĿ֬Żˡ


30 
֬Żˡ
վԭ, һ˲Żع񣬡ȥ
վŵ׿˵Сһͬȥɡ
ҲҪ, ȴڼҵšСѾͷ;죬׿йֺ, 筳һ㶼
˼ҴߵڣŵСø
ǿԳǰ
Ҫϳ, һԵ
תƼվڲԶֱߵл, ղų, 
ֻǴ˿л߹΢ͷ, Ѿ̤ϵ筣º͵ôˣҴҪȥ
ǵĿ֬Żˣҵȥ˵
ü΢ԭĵӣ˿ƺһɵӰ, ֻǿ, 㲻Ծۡ
лͳһȥ
筻ûӦͼһ̤԰ŵĳţֻǰ, ܿ, л˳ڡ
ʱ, 筲üʣӲȥϢ⼸ӦӦúæɡ
ȫѲ, ׸ź, Ѿüûлˡ
ãֻȫϽѲ顣л˵һ䣬ʣ֬ʲôʱʱŻģ
ҡͷҲ֪ҦСңҲǸ׼Ϲȥ鿴
ģжˮԴ˵׼㵽ʱѾ𡣡
лʣȻ͸䵭ȴĪܰˡ筱һѾſŻ𣬴ʱĻ֮Ҳƽ
һ·ۣҿҹ·ϵ١
쵽ʱ筱Ǽᣬԭƽɫȥ
еŨ̺ͺζ֮Ũҡ
ƿ϶
ĵ׵һ˿ңҲζ
ͣ£׼³һƿ̳̲ס˺ü
̧ͷͿԶնȾɳɫ
Ụ̃ҹĻ£ɼŨ̲ӣצһҪͷڱסơ
ٹ˲Եģȹڣȥ
˿̣ſѾվŲˡ
Χ񶼹ţ˶ָָ㡣
ôĻĶֻ¶˰ɡ
֬ģⶫգҿǵһҹ
ԵҿɲܣյǷӾˡ
筲ȺվǰҦֻۣͷ󺹣ָ˾Ȼôûأȥ𣿡
רŸȻĶ飬ɽͳ֮µľȻ֯
ǾΪ˷ֹ֣صõĲţƽʱǴСֶŹܡ
ֻǽǾõȲ
߹ȥʱҦһۿյͨ죬¡
ж᲻ᵯֻδĴ
˵ѪҦ۳ô󣬴δΪһŬЩ˯磬۾ֻҪһ;һиɾ
ѪҪԼǰһ
Ȼǲǲ筸ղѾĻ
ҦĨбյȻղҲȻ
ͷ˵һҾȥ˻𶡣û뵽ǵڶû
΢ȴԥתΧߡ
ߺλ˵ոСմ飬ϣЯǶȹѹءæȻߣһǮл
Ⱥкһ
ԭֻ²ؼΧۣ˿Ҳʼ
ʱ¼ЩԶˣҲ͵Ļؼȥ͹߹Ȼ
һʱ䣬С
ֱھȻһ࣬橶
һӣڳױϨ
筻֮Уԭ
վſڣǰһУ˿ûдϲáһľӪһУһĿ;
л߹վ࣬תͷʱϵ顣
ã筣ѹһжġ
ģҵһжˡ˫棬ȫû˷˾ȻĴݺͼᶨ·ֱһŷ֣Լе붼˿ա
վһѱճɻҽķУš
ֱһԵĻΪǸƼߴֽӵ룬ǵһʱϹֻ·Ͼײ·˸ʵʵûӣֻȰŲŵʱ䡣
𶡹ЯŲٹߣˮͰݡٶӡ
Щͣ·ϱסֻ·ϡ
лתͷŶԷ˽˿ס
𶡳ʵһ㶣عֵֻײһŲ֮󣬾ϵߡδֿסǡ
筴΢򣬳лȥ
˶һۣδ˵һȴ˶Է˼ֲܶԷ˼΢оôҲ޷롣
ڻ𶡳˵·ϣײʱ筱ⳡ⡣
Ҳûⳡ⡣
²һ֤
Ϊһж̫ˣһҹĽײǡþסȻĻ𶡶ȥ·
Ҫ֪ղҲһ·ۿ񱼶
ֵ̫ɺϣͺרסȻ˵·
Ҫ̼ΧȻֻ²Ȼ𶡶Ϲ֬һжữΪС
˿Ȼδȫվôܾһһ㡣
筣ò̾һ˿Ǻüı
ǷŻ˿֪֮֬жУػڴĵһʱ䣬ɳ𶡲Ǹɴס·
û𶡶û취һʱ
Ǹơ
˼һҪأ˵Ҫոء
𶡳뿪֮лǰջٵķݣ˵ȥˣΧʶЩ˵ġ
ˣҾҪһ
Ļûڵһʱ䷢֣ûӿɲ׵顣
߳ʱͼΧҦۣʲôʱǮ
Ҧ۱һȺʵĲ֪ôشֱ߹ȺתĿꡣ
λʵЩׯѾšһʱҲôߣȽԼǼǡһŵǮλС
СĵɤҹһҲ
ֻҲ֪˭кһǲУ˭֪ջ᲻ˣھҪӡ
ԭѾ˵Ⱥһڿˡ
üҪոóϾոôܵôӡ
˭֪δڣվлȴһ˵Ǿ׸ƹ٣֮ȫȨֻҪʵǼԼգλػὫַС
˵ţϵ˳
ĽˣһۣҲ֪ǲʶʽΪӣȷʵǹٸơ
˺ȷʵƹٴˡ
ƹٴǻʲôõĵġ
ʶֵˣʼǼǡ
ͷǼ֮£Ľ
ԺڣлһΧýģȼе˴һЩ
û뵽ԸԼ
뵽Ǿ׸ƹ٣ƽʱıǶϰа顣
ԲҹԭԼʡ
筷Ը׿ҹˣۼһ
ܿȫԱ룬мںڣһǻȻվһԣԲ̧ͷ筡
֮ǰΪ˷ֹ£Ͼո֮ոĿ֬ͳ˽λ
صԼš
˿δ𱸣⼸ĵȴ
ˣ˵档ڣǽÿ˵٣һһ˵筵ǡ
Ϳʼ˵
ֻǵ֮£Ʋδر鷢
ΪոĿǰ𱬣ԶԿ֬󼫴󡣶Ҧ뽭ƵƵ棬㽫ոĿ֬еĽϡ
Ǳԭϣ׼ģ
֬ﻹһ֬ĻƣЩȻ筵ǵıҲȫȻܱ֤ǲᱻ
Ҳ֤ûеȥľ
˵꣬תͷл
лϰһʱܲϸϸʹÿ˵ĿڹʳЩõĶ
ܿ죬ʵһʼǴģ
һˣ˵Ǹֿ⣬ҼǵʼǴġ
˭ȷŻģлʵ
ܿ죬һƿڣңȷֵġ
筿һɽĻƣЩӡΪղ㶥ãֻǸճʦֻ˵زһֱҪҩ׬Ǯ
ȥв鿴һ֤ʵԲ٣Ž¡
ɽ˵ҳС⣬Ǹַ̫Ծ͹ȥһۡ˭֪һţͷŻ𡣸Ͻ𡣡
ǼȻôͷֻƣΪԽԽ󣿡л
ɽһЦ˵ˣ֪֮֬бд֬ȼطǵĿⷿԻһ𣬻ƾͱˡ
ǿƽӦüɣлʵ
˷׷׵ͷ
ҹдִ̱֮ǵպζڰҹУþ޷ɢ
лʣƽʱӦðҹ˰ɣֵҹ˭
ҿһۣͼվں󷽣һΪСߣУӦֵҹ
ȻϵãҶë
ԭҲʦֻʹֶۻ̫ɵƿ֬ϸ顣֮Ҳûߣӿš
ֵҹʱзʲôɵ飿лƽ͡
ֻʣǶϰʡ
ëҡҡͷ
ǲûῴлͻȻݵȻʣȻˣɢһֲɵƣƺǿ˲Ҳ˵ʵ
ëȻٿֻͷĲ
лӱܣ⡣
ָָһʵƽʱֵҹʱ𣿡
ΪҪԺӣֵҹ˸࣬ǹһűӣ˯
ëҵͷ
ֱл˵֮ԲΪҹ˾ƣԲʲôû
ǵģûУûкȾơëϽҡͷ
л˼£ͼƬ澹и̳ӡ
̳Ӳδջ٣ֻͨ屻Ѭںڡ
ֱ߹ȥҪ̳Ӵӵлᵲס
΢ս̳ڣŵһҾƵζ
ɫѿ֮ǰ꣬ڲ֡
Ϊ֬ȷʵкܶ֬һŻ𣬺롣
筻һȦĿ˵ϣ΢ͣջֲƾն𣬳̴Ǿ׸ƹ٣ϰа˵ϡƽ顣˭˴Ҫٱн
̲סίƹģǴҶһΪʱȫûܣѱջҲæžȻ𡣡
仰˷׷׵ͷ
ȴδ˵Ļ׵Ȼ֪ˣոԽԽáڲȻˣҸ˽ӡ
תȴû뵽
ͷЩΪȻ𣬵һǮĽͣ˶ĵЩûζ
𣬶ʧְɵģԴҶᡣ
˭֪ڲǮûУ֮˹ݻ
´ҵԹ׷ӿ
˭֪ͻȻ͵飬һʱ䣬ϲЦտ
筽˵һ˹ݻ಻ӣὫ˽ٸ
תл̴ˣ֪ɷݻзΣ
ݻչ˽ҷߣͽ̣ݻʧƥǧʧʮƥԽ̡лվ֮£ֶ嵭ȴ͸һɱ֮
Ϊܶ෿ľΪԭϣһ֣ػ᲻롣
ԴɷϣͶݻһ£ϸ̷
˿лɷһ飬ٲɷˣҲݻǶôص
˿̣ëͻȻƹģƲҪȵģɽɽСӷҪТҵġ
ɽû뵽ëô˵ա
ֱʱһվŵһζҲ˵ƹģǰȥɽУúҩõ˲ӣҡ
ƺ˼˵ȥֳѵĸоá
˲ǰ֮ǲӣһƶܹͥġ
ڿ֬µЩƣҾһ㡣
رɽУиزá
֣ҪͨڵˣɽȷʵǸʵѡ
˵ô£΢䡣
ɽæڣƹģûСòˣҩϰ޸ҵģ֪Ҹո£֪ÿŻ޸ҡ
⻰˵ʵǿЦһ˿ѱˡ
üͷ壬̾˿ˡ
ǰɽסɽںԩƹģҡҽ£ҶɽҲᱳ㣬ɳ顣
յ£ָ˵ϣҲ˵һ֡
챻ϣΧڰ
վˣãƵʴ㲻û뵽㾹ṴǡոĻﶼˣպոΣ
˵գƺʧ£ӻ֣ʾѺߡ
棬תȥ
÷绪ʱ¶Ĵ¾֮ϵѩ·ʱᱻ紵䣬̲סϧ
лɽѺ͵׸Ρ
תȥ׷筣ƿӣͼţһؾǳɫӣںڳ𣬷޼һ֧ɫĵɫӣӵĩ˴һŵ̸Сµ
΢ڷζ
ڵĹ߼谵ֻĹ͸
л߹ȥ̧ļ򴦣ʱͻȻſŵĹתͷһЦǲҲƭˣ
Ů͵Ц⣬
ʱ˫޳ﲨĺϣβ̣۵׵ĽѲ¶
лЩ㶡
˵㲢δ
ָ̧˸Լڷ΢ҽδǰˣ֮ǰĻﶼתƵ𴦣ֻȷʵſһһҹ
¾ǽлҲ⡣
ѲµҪ֣
ҡҡͷûµǸֱӷŻҰֻЩСЩ
ڽѸѣԼξжܽ籵ԤʾҪǻʲôĻû
֮ǰ֪Էֻ֣ƶԼʧĶ
ո˵Ҫġ
ոĿ̫ԣոŵ˸࣬ﲢʺ֡
ʣµľǿ֬ҪһԻеԭϺͻֻոҪΪ̡
Ŀ֬ӣ޻ֻ¼գ˱ʧء
㻹Слбһۣоѵôϵ٩
ǶˣͷǾģţȫݳġ
һ£ֽݡ
筲°ͣʣӣ㶼ƭˣǲҲƭùˣ
Ȼлͷ
ΪöԷɾ裬¶
ȻŻ𣬵ոһʱȴ˽ǣͿԷҪˡ
˫޵ˣҲǱűƭ𣿡
ˡ
һ̵̧ĳ΢ţͻȻһЦΪʲô𣿡
ǿ̫˿˿ƵƺΧš
޵㣬ˡ
ڻ谵ڣһ͵ĻӦš


31 
筻ص, ɴŻ飬ȴĻش
׿ԭԭ߰𰡣
߻طУϣԼ˱衣ȵ, ܻἰʱвˮ
΢, ƣ롣
һ۾, Ժȴ, ǳһ˵Ӱ
Ӥ
ӡ
谵ڣɣԴȴһӦ, װ

š
ӤԸº, ƺӲ¶һ˿ʵ뷨
ѿڶһ֣ĵ뷨
, ͻȻЩ̡̻
ӵĺãȻ֪˵δ˵ĻԼ, ǸΪ˵İ
ҲǸӴȥ鷳
ô󣬴δ˭Ρ
ʱ, лԼ, żμʱҲ̲סҪӽ
筲ЦǣȴҲδ˭ϡ
Ϊδĳ, ˵, ҲֻһϤְˡ
筴˯ȥʱ, Ժоʱʱлӡ
ڶ졣
Ĵ𣬹Ȼڽյľֻۣǽ˶û뵽ǣϢոĿ֬˻
ΪոھǵȵⳡͻĴ𣬽۲ϡ
ϾⳡʵΡ
ո⣬
ٹŮ֪Ϣ֮ոĶ˻ԴϽЩ֬š
*
ɺڳǶԺ䲻ȴҲסĻ
ϾҲżʱ䡣
һ磬С㺫ĸ׷ҶˣȥʣûС
²Ǹղ״װôҪѡϣЩΡ
һߣҺòײŽӳѩãЩҹŮ۾ͷ֮ϣǴĲãǶ˽³ЦҵġǼھǱͼѣٿŮ˳Ц𣿡
һ̾ǿҶ
֮ǰţҼǰʥϴ¡
Ƴűؾڹʾɺͳƽİ£á
Ƴλ֮׵ĻɣҲǿྡ
ֻǺ׳֮أ࣬СͰżɻһ˫ֲִڿ󡣸ջؾʱͷһزμʱһ˲յͱСƼ
ǿŻصеġ
һֱίԼĳŮҲݡ
ǮԣԵЩʱգϺ
һ˵ĸڼסأΪǼãҿܽ籵ջҲӺ׵ͷԸǼңûƵá
ϼԽ˵Խ֣Ͻ졣
⻰ǧ游ҪȻǵ㲻ɡϵ˵
˵ĻǼҵʱĸŸܿ࣬ٿܽ籡ǰգ˵ȥһո󡣡
üʵ¶ô֪ģ
˳ţֲרȥġҲ֪Լ²ʣЩȻ˵
ʵԸѾߣܽ类֮صȥ˳
ǲ֪ոĶжྫ󣬾ôһСп֬ʮء
ջؾʱܽúúദġ
һܽʱԱˡ
ֻܽǸŮǳƽĴѳޣС˵ΪԭϼңС㷴ռ
գܽƽ
˹˵žǵȤ£˫ְ۵ƣʳӽ֮С
ֻǸС㣬ȴνĺҵճŮҪ
֮УȡЦ
ܽڳȴ˿ûг԰˵Ӵ˺ͼá
Ұ䣬߸ϵܽһӵ䵽˳
Ȼʱ̾ϾƽڵĻԺҴ洦Ǻĵȴ͵͵š
ֻҪܽ籵òźãžͿġ
˿ҲʮһеĿ֬ˣ֬Ѳǽģ˹󡣡
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붼Ҫ룬Ķզ֮࣬⡣
ŮȴҲǸ֪֮ġͷ̫үǵӣȫңͽͰ͡
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û뵽ҲСˣô
βϲҲ׵ıáĸһûУΪù˭Ǽ
һ
ɲý˵Ϊȫŵܰ˭ľĸӾ͵͵ڷҵ飬ҲƼˡΪʮӣǸͱ͸عٵС檡
ᵽ䲻Ĵ˸䡣
Գƽ֮游˽ĸͱû
գҲ˵ʲôѾ뿪ĸ׷С
ֻߵС԰Ƽܽ籵ѾݺҴҶǴŷϻ
С㡣ݺû뵽ײϺͷвá
ҵĵճС㣬һֱԼС㲻̫ƣƼЩŮҲǺüԵģ
ǸǰݺһŮƼҲǲ
ںҼ£Ҫɫ
ÿ£жļҵģƳһۡ
ݺЦС˵ЦˣҼС㴩ɵһѣȥ޸¡
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ݺͷ΢̾ϽİԼСԺ
ҵĵطܽĸ׺סһԺݺԺͽ˶᷿
סźܽȻֻס᷿
ݺЩˣ˿ڰ滭ܽ籣̧ͷôˣ
˵ȷʵˡ
ҵճŮϾǳƽձȨϲģֻһܵá
ܽ籣ҲдԣֻǸֻڻϡ
ȷʵûòһССۡ졣˿̴һɫ泤ӣߴŵıĵŶ־¡
ĳ࣬ȷʵǽ࿴
ݺū澷ϺСˣǡ
̾һδ˵꣬ĵȴʵڿҴС㡣˵ɼеĵճС㣬ƤǳģѾ߶硣
ܽ΢һЦֻܱܿǡ
ݺصС˵ǡ
ܽ籶Ժ㵹ûʲôоΪȿݣֻȫûаˡ
ݹϵˣӳѩƳһۡ
ݺûĶݹȷʵһѡ
ֻﻹһš
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ȻϤıʼ
ݺ͵һЦʵĻӵ£ָС㱸ʲôȤĶ
˵ܽһ߿ţһϸЦ⡣
κлǵʥϵĵӣǰܽʮʱżʱκһġ
ʱлʮռӹڣΪκ
ЩͣκȴԸܽ籼ǡ
ܽ籱ҲԼǸŮܳΪҸձȨɵˣδܳΪ
Ļӵȴ˵£취
Ұ䣬ҲԼ벻
ܽںΨһܿЦʱ򣬾յֻƬ֮ʱ
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С㣬ôˣһʰݺ״̲סʵ
ֽܽβ󼸾仰ϸһ顣
˵˵ոƹһǾ̻ҦҵĵӣһǸŮӣǶʱ뾩ģ򡣡
ݺСһա
ܽץסţۿֽſҪץ壬һ˵Ů筡
筡筡筡
ܽĵһ飬ֱԱߵݺ˵֣˶ء
ãǽְ
ܽ籵̣һܴߡ
ݺһСˣ
²֣֪̽Ǵġܽ籵˵
֣ͲͨҸĻ˵ո֮ˣòɣ޹ھ֮ݹ⣬ÿ֬ŻþǹŮ׷
ܽ籴ǰǼ筵ģʱǸסͯ
ǳȴ¿ɰĵط˿˸оϵһ˿ųӯӯܽ籣һЦк
СĹȴһָ߸ϵƵС
ÿ궼רȥ񣬻֮󣬸жʢŹС顣
С㳤Խòȴﵱ껹
СھǣӢĻСĻʲôһˡ
ȻЩֻڸţǺÿ˶ڴǸŮصǵһ졣
ܽ籱Ϊ筹ʮ꼰֮󣬱ؾ
˭ֵ֪һꡣ
ڵʮ꣬ǳƽȴһܡ
վûܵȵǸ˵òɵС
СӣԼ˴Լˡݺ̲ס˵
̧ܽɫ΢˾ǣȴûǣֻҲûҵһ˰ɡ
Ѷո֣ܶԷǲ筣Ҳͣ֡
Դոȵ֮󣬰ӵֱ䡣
£ȥ֮ࡣ
˵ˣǱߵոӴ֮ǰÿ½˶ӰӽӵĻȫء
ܽҪոʹɱֵԭ
ֻӰ˾ǵ⣬һͼ֡
Ʒأܽ籰Ķܰںס£ΪǺסĵһóȥǧӸ游
ĸŮס棬ʵ̫ۡ
ܽѹסںɫ
ݺܽ籵Ļǻ׷Źո
ҲǣǮɱ˸ĸ׽ãֻҲûʲôɽ
˵ĸĽãС־أûô
˿ݺ˵С㣬˵⼸ո⣬Ϊⳡø
ѻаˣûոûˣԽԽ
żĺϷںͷءܽ籽еţϸۺãϻУһ˿
*
ո⡣
һֻͣһҺѵ긾ˣһͿʼոأҳ
ɤżôһϵ˶˹
һŮҪȴҺŮӣһץס֣ոʲôƨ֬Ҽҹ֮С춼ʲôˡ
˿ɴں洹ŸҲ˵
㻹ʲôѽءҺŮһѽϵɴקû뵽ŮӵĴ׵ˡ
һԭ׵Ĵˡ
Ů۾ӿ
ҺŮףΧֵ˿ʼ˵ҿոĿ֬һбҪʮᣬʮšǾǺ˵ĶĹͿϿ֬ϣ׳
ԼĿ˺˷š
һ䣬ʵ̫ʡ
ԭŮ磬ô󵨣һڣ֪⾹Ǹ¥ѽ
û뵽ոĿ֬ˡ
˿վһԵŮŵþʲô˵
վ¥ϵĴڣ¥¡
һ԰𰼱ĿҪţС㣬Щ˿϶ҵġ
ԭǺְ
筰ţû˿ұ顣
Էĺ־ֻδҲ̫
ʵ͡
ʳݵ¿˳Ի֬ӵģȻ¿û
Ըո󣬲롣
Ǽ򵥴ֱֻҪþͺá
С㣬ô찡𰼱
筻ͷ󣬷Ը׿Ҧ¥Ժ㵽
׿뿪ָ·ޣҸ°ɡ
ɴ۾ʱˣС㻹Ҫ£
ҦԭںⷿҲ֪ԭǵĻﲢδյֻǱһЩԭ϶ѡ
˿ңðȾܳ
ҺŮӽ̺죬׷¥𱣬ߵĹ˵׷¥ͷơ
Ҧһţ̺˵ĭء
ֻոǰյʧһѻЩûˡЩ϶ԴγõĶֻΪ˻ģ˺Ļ
̺һһˣһҪոͬھģ
ȻӰʵ̫ˡ
֪ոӣԵĿͻǾǵҹŮЩŮںǮںľӡ
Ҫ֪ԸõĿ֬ЩҲá
ֻº޲ӵܽͷ֮ޡ
ò˵ȷʵֶֺ
Ҧ۳֮󣬱˵㲻Ҫڴ˴˵ҹոĿ֬촽ųģ֤ݣ֪㲻˵ָʹܻո
ӣſһվ̺סˡ
˿һΧȺڣո˳ӦһΧ˸ˡ
ԭֵĿ࣬Դո֮󣬵Ǵ˲
ʱֱΧ˸ˮйͨ
̺Ҳżƽһп֬Ӷ˳˿ƣǵĿ֬ʮһءޣ֪˻ݵĻɫһУҶҪԸҪ
Ҧۿĺӣͷһ
Ϊźӣȷʵոġ¡
Ҳûлң侲㽫øңԻϸ鿴
㣬㵱ɵģ˵ȥٵء֤ѾóˣǾ͸Ͻ˵˵ô졣Ҫ֪ЩˣԭϲС졣
̺쵱𱣬˵Щ˿
Ǹ˿̻ӿ
Ҧ۸ֺŮӣѹ˵һ飬֮ʱһĵ𣺡ǲǲ鿴ָ֪ǵĿ֬Żء
ԭֵĽֵһ̣Ī
ݰͬᴫȾ㣬Ⱥһ㴫ݹȥ
ֱҦתͷȥͼһŮվոҶм䴦ױݾ£üһ仨䣬ںڳϸϸɳ٣һ֧߱β˴ųա
һϮɫԽһ㱡ɴԵˡ
˿»һ㱡ɴ֣һ޹ţˣɡ
һֱոλɵŮƹֻλֵ͵мá
»δȫòȴɱ˵
̺רҲģʱҲɿһ˲
ŵĶһԵ׿ùȥŷӦ
׿֬ӵݸ筣ɨһۣ˵֬Ǽٵģո
˵ǾǣڰҲ˼̺ԭһ˵ĻȴƲʱԽ˵Խ͡
ֱ˽֬ڵ¶׶ˡ
˴óһӣͬĿ֬ڵ¶ײ
ȣ˵㣬˵õûոı־
ԭոÿȥһ֬б־־ںӵĵײ
ǵصķα־ϾһոĶˣϿ϶ָĲƷ
̺ȷʵû뵽һ
Ҫʱͼ˵ոÿһп֬Ǽǿ˵ϢΪոĿ֬ʲô˶ġ
˵䣬۾̺һƲ
ȻǱӣǸƽ͡
Ƴһۣȴ̺ͻȻԲλĸо
⾩˿ʮ꣬µΪӣҲδйĸоԸ鷳ģɶԷ̬ȼȲҲջֻƽƽĽ
ˣѹ˼ҵ
һ仰㽫ո¥֮ĹϵƲ塣
֮ٴο촽׵Ůӣ֪ЩոļٻֻǻҲ۾ΪոĿ֬䷽ƣ׾Ƴɡ
˿̣ոŮ˳ųһš
ָָŮ˵ոĿ֬ϴɫҰȫ޺
˵꣬ǻݵŮӿһۣ̾˿Ϊ̰ͼ˼ٻֻ¾ͻλ³
ЩŮ㣬˿̴Ϳſ֬ɫв𣬵ױݾ¡
Եÿ崿ˡ
ν¥ͷƹȥ
ɫ˵ļӣһ֬ӵѾߺÿ
ã˵ĺãٻ򡣡Ҳ֪Ⱥ˭ǸӦ͡
ǣ˼ٻɲ͵죬˼˼ҵ֡
̺»عû
µģոٵġ


32 
Χ筵Ļ, Ȳ̺֮࣬Ůӡ
Ͼ𱱾ͱ˿ͣµģǧĽ, ΧĪһǡ
վŵĵط, Χ˺ܴĵط
ƺմ, ƶƵá
̺һţĹҪߡ˭֪һ, ͼ筿, ǿڿ˵֬ҹ, ôھҪˣ
Ҳ׷˻У̺Ӳ
˵, , ̧֣׿Ѿǰǰ
̺ŭ
΢, ˵ոĶʲô˶, ȻոطҲʲôèܲһšô, ͼܻո׷, ˾顣
, ø
ȥ٣ү
筼仰ֽΧȺ, ε̺죺ƣռŹ㣬Ҳ˺С
̺죺
̺¥жʮ, δ˺޳֮ˡ
͹ٰɡ筻ӻ, Ȼ
̺ۿո, Էļ򣬾һ³ɤӺռˡЩˣ𱶼Ź
ոǸ筴һģȫǰꡣ
ƽŮӵֶûôһˮ汻סǰ
̺⣬˭֪ܿ죬Ⱥ֮ããŹٲ참
Ⱥɢȱڣͼһʯ۵ǰͷ޳ͦΣüˮī͸űīϸϸճ信
˲ɿۡ
֪ʲôӣոλòŮƹ񣬾ĹүҲһס
ȷʵȥõˣԴոҵ֮Ҧûٸô򽻵
ΪոսԸĲˮѶ˷
֮ǰҲżеƦåҪ£ո󲻽ԼõЩһ˵ո룬Ҫ
ֻû뵽ǣĻӡ
лߵǰƼźеŮӣͷ۵˴ߣϸ󣬿˭ָʹµġ
ˡ̺æԩ˵ūҲΪԼҹŻһʱġ
лɨ̺죬ͷһ亹
ɫƽڵȻ͸ӦȥûػļٻǴģպϵƭ
̺һأײа
ôϵһôѲء
ЩۿɲոҶ𱣬ճڽϴּëƤ飬ʲôøåƦû
һ죬־ͽקˡ
ԱߵĹӵĻڿޣ筶֪ôᡣ
˱ˣΧֵҲȻȻɢˡ
лϣôһ˿ȣôˣ
Ŵʱ棬ˣӡ
֮ǰҲ飬Щͷұٸ㡣˭֪ðʱ˵ո߳ˣ˳
лº͵Ľһ
Ǿ׸ƹ٣֮ҲйųϳǱãϾϵһС£¶Ҫֵ׸ȥԾعٹˡ
ʣŻһ£µĽչ
лЦ¸Ķ׻û˷ˡ
ΪߵЩ֬˶̫죬ûٶԷ飬׿ǡ
ǰл
书׿ߣ׷˵ı£ȻҲ͡
ֻǵ֬ˣЩֻƽգѡ
Ϊ붯صظĹ¯Ѽ
Ͱ½
һʼûɽǸڹ֮ԵɽҲΪڹġ
Ȼû¶ˡ
筽л¥ϣԷ衣
𰱾ͶлкøУ޲ԼҵδүղƼ۽µߣɴóոõĲҶд
л״ɲյһڣºЦ䷼֮ܰˣ֮ġ
筼һڱȳЩȣû뵽ӶԲ裬Ҳо
ֻǶ࿴˼ѡлɡ
ǰһ٣ƫƫһ飬ʲôԸ˵Сʱ͵˼飬Ը
ðѵʣµĹȫ˹л˵ϲȣҽаȥ
ءл̧żֺЦ
һ˫ֱֱϣ͸ųϿУ·ٶ˵һ֣۵׾Ҫί
筴һ˿ί˵һֱ֪ϲʲôò֪һ㾹Ҫ
һֱΪлʲô
һֱʲô
·ֻܼеΣòϲģ޲ȫǰֵĻϲźá
л״ĵ֪ίżݵĳɷ֣ȴǲ̬ȡ
˵ĺò裬ȻǷڵУ϶ΪдãԵѲҶڵУдҪĿˡ
˭֪Ҳ˵˭ҲûӸҪ
ѿڶĻ˶¡
ȷӦҡͷ˵ҵ˼ǣ뾩ǰʶˣְ֮ôࡣһֱҪӣҶǾ֮Ͱˡ
˵꣬ͷôһ˿ᶨ
Ӵãͬرӣ֮ǵɡ
ԼһŶ裬⼸ֻȥ
л޷ֻӦ£֮ſ˵˵⼸ո˿֬ļˣȦһˡ
˭
л˵һζˣɽĹϵ
£˵յһ淢ɽ˵Բҩˣ԰ɡ
лҲйĿļ䣬ѯʱվһԡ
ȻҲǵˡ
ҡͷЦһ׽ȷʵǴϧСȴûöԵط
лδֻᳰһ䣬¾ַɵĸо
ĩˣŲԡ
ΪѹƲܱ̿ѣΪ飬ʧƺһСǣԼ
лԣ۾ǿ
ȴǧ򻯡
ױ㱻ڷ֮Уˣ࣬һΪλӰ¶磬ķԡ
ڵ֮ңǻУȴܾĥ
ģʯ̨
ƫƫ¶㣬Ҳ죬ǵǱĬӰ
ͻȻл͵սƣ
ƺҲͻı仯Щʵӣôˣ
£ѽ˲̽˵ζȶģ˽˲Ǯ֮ǰķҪնһֻ֣ǰͻȻжծˡ
ҪľԼһ˫֣Ǳնһֻֻ֣°뱲Ӿͻˡ
筵ͷȷʵˡ
Ե飬ȥֻ޷ٰˡ
筸Ͻ˵޷һֱ鷳ˡһ׿רŶһ˵ģҪǶԷĵĻ϶ٽӴġ
ʵŲµµģ˭
ոģֻ¾ǰӶѡ
ֻǲ֪ܽ籾֪֪ո󱳺ء
ϾҪԸһˣ϶Ҫȵ
ܿ죬л׼뿪Ҫ뿪ȴոⷱæ
筻δ˵ͼ߳˷š
ȳߵ¥ݴ˳뿪
ֻ筿ıӰǸıӰ񾹴һ˿Ķӡ


33 
йոٿ֬Ĵ, 筵Ŀ֮£˶֪ЩոĿ֬˾졣
ЩҹŮƽҪ, 
ôСʮĽ, ɹѡ
һʱס˼ٻͷ, Щͬ֬Ƴķƿ֬ûԸ
Ͼ۸, ǴҶԸʡԼõһո֬
ҲԸ˷ǮЩƵġ
ɶ磬ոĿ֬ʽĵطʼ㽭̽硣
һˮ·, ʱ, øϻڡ
ĻŮ֬һվͱǵĹ˺͸Сһ, ƽʱھɫڼȫꡣ
ǾǼӼ, ׼ոĿ֬ϱ
ζ, һֱ˶
һʼÿն, ĳȥˡΪҪа, ˭֪û죬ҲոĻҪϵϢȥ˶
, ζ뿪, ߵķȴԼҡ
ǸһֱСĸ, ˿
ֱ߽һ¥, ۿ˶¥һᡣ
˲һӺ, ͼһŽ۵˴Ӱ
ŷƳζȷʵųԶ£Ǿȸˡһ·ϣһֱٶԷһլӡ
Էȥ֮ҲûгŻȥ
筵֪Ϣ֮ص˴̽Ǹլӵˣ˽ŷȪԶˡ
˵һԽѪͳԽλڴϵ
˵ﳣȣٻʢСϱ鲼ŸʯԼϡܡ
ÿԽĹƷ֮УֱʯϣҲռݲ١
ԽϣڴĹȦΪܻӭ
ŷȪֻǸˣȨȴ
Ļ˻ڿʼطŷȪȥĶʲôˣҶҪ֪
ӸŷȪйϵûʲô⡣
ֻŷȪ֣ȴϤ
ǵһ󰸣ǴһԽǣģʱ𾪣ƺǣ˺ܶˡ
ŷȪͻȻ֣签ûľ͸йء
׿֣ȥŷȪ
ʱѵЦ˱࿪ˡ
ģЩ⡣
׿˵ƽʱǲǴǴոÿܾԼ£ûСǡò񣬸ȥ
û뵽ǣ뷨
ҲǣոĶŮӣҲŮ⣬Ҳûʲô֣ÿֻܸɿš
֮ǰ֬ʧ֮ھβѣϺ޲ò˯ҹ
֪˸ζϵˣŷȪ֮ζȻҲû˼صļֵ
ڿ֬˸ڰߡ
ЩҲǺϸ
һ֬˵С֮ˡ
ʱ𰻹ʣѵôŹְǡ
˭֪죬˵֮ʧ˻ǺȻˡ
Ϣĵ΢䡣
ԷֻǸ֬Сˣǣϵľʧ£ֻŷȪ֮ζ˵©죬ɴཫڡ
ϾŻ𣬲һС
ҶԷǾΪˡ
֪ܽ籶£֪٣İǣЩֻӦ˽⡣
Ķ֣ЩӶӡ
Щϣֻմ˲ֹһɡ
筲ûһմصʥĸĳǷǷˣϢõˣ
ζȻ뿪֮ɱȴûнԼϡ
ŷȪɱģΪڸǵ
ֻǸϹ۰ˡ
һŷȪۣŲЩüˡ
ʱԺĶ
ͻȻվߵԺſڡ
ƿԼҵԺţһ̽ͷƼڵԺȷʵƿˡ

һãȻòʵӣû𣿡
Ҳû뵽ԼǻøͱײϡֻҲײϣš
˵Ҽҹ⼸æŰӣʱУÿջ
˵ܶĹԱʵϲסڸڣ˵û
ʧͷȴʵżȥ𣿡
кηԸʵ
˵˼ģҲһӴȥɡ
鷳
ҡͷ鷳ڸйæչһҪϢġ
Ҫ˵Ѿתȥð𰽫װϡ
ֻһվԭء
վԺŰװõģȴã
ѾüûסˣȻҲкüû档֮ǰæոʱҲæøƵãҲмû
ָоȴڲһ
֪ΪΣĪԶ
ΪðòҶʱлδߡǴ󣬱͸
Ҳһ㣬Ժš
һȵ˽ŲԼԺţ˳ȥ
лһӭȥʱͼƳԼһۡ
δڡ
ҪѲҶݸʱȴûֽסǰӹ
գ񣬱˪
ƽû¶ȡ
筴δģ˾䵭Įȴ͸ŲͬüۿʱǺǳЦ⣬´硣
ҲЩ䣬ȴѴů⡣
ϸ۾һ㷢ֻײЩѪȡҲΪΪľʱοڵ֪ƭ֮ȴû¶⡣
ӣȴһϦ֮䣬ƱøңԶ
һ棬ѡ
С㡣ʳг筵ĳ
筴˼л񣬽ӹĺӣŽ
Ҳ֪ΪΣͻȻһ䣺ûͲҪ˵ЩҸġ
źӣʱԼŵɽ
*
׸á
źӣһ·лֵ⼸ס
лдŵһ˳ƿӿС̧ͷ̲סսʳС
ʵǻȥлûϴѣΪүֻסա
˭֪һסߵ˼
ʳзԱߵϣĵóϡ
׼ѸûѷŽңɸתүģô£
á
ͷһ˿ΣʻĸҲش
ѰתһЦ´ģ˵ү̫æڹʳ
΢ͷûү
ǷȴĪ£಻Ծٵƺԡ
ڣ׳ŵӣ̧ͷү
ͼлĺ˿̵ϣ˼
ĵ׿һ£֮ǰүͬүԶ筣Ӧÿĵġ
Ͼλүʡ
λݣעû취
Ϊ£θӣǹȰҲԽصΪүԸͨˣǽԴϲ
лһ̵ķӿֳһɸͷ
Ȼɢֵлվ
ϽʵӣҪؼң
лͷ
Ͻȥ׳˭֪л֮Ѿºͬ˺Զڵ˵ɡ

һȴϽµת˷򣬸
۫үΪʥϵ׵ܵܣʥ¡裬һҪࡣ
۫԰ھڳű¡
԰ɽʯͷȫǴ̫˹ġ
˿ﱾ徲˭֪Ժﾹ
лһ۫棬ϽС׼ʳ
۫үҲˡ
۫ЦʲôӣҪҪһĪ˴ĵİɡ
϶үһԣ˵Ц
лȻԼԺӣһɫ³ۣûĽɫ˿Żͼһͬɫϵž޳
һͷڷֻǼ򵥵ɫţɫɷ١
ɫȴ¡
ػһװүĵײɸпѡ
֮ǰүƶŵĴ磬һƺԳͬ
Ҫڴ˵Ļֻ۾Ҫɴˡ
ͻȻԼ뷨Σա
л֪뷨ֻѾ߸֮󣬱˳ȥ
ûһ͵۫Ժ
ԺԵø¹һŵƺڵ˭Ƶá
лȥʱ۫վ´һΣɫÿࡣҸúúչ˵á
ĸЩӣڼҿɻãлʵ
۫ͷһжã㲻ġ
˸˵ϻ۫ү㵽ˡ
״˵Ȼˣ˰Űɡ
һ֮󣬾ۿ΢΢ȣлĲ˵ĸвĵ飿
ǲģ̫ˡ۫
ԸĺӣлСǸ˶
Сʱϻ۹ˣϲ̫Ҳϲɴгסĸ׵ģӣҲֻܸղżһΡ
ǻãڹҲãϾ̫ͻϵƤӵ¡
˭֪ȴڵ顣
ٺסڷ֮УһסСꡣǷҵӣȴʤƷŵӡ
ʱڼݷ
ż̫˼͵͵ȥ£ȴҽ
Զʦ˵ĲҪϸϸţ˴Ҳ˴ϲ
ԸɴԶ븸ĸˣõġ
۫ү״ϽӤò׻һˣ㲻Ҫ˵Щĵġ
º۫үʵ׸飬ɻ˳֣
Ŀǰڲһ׮ӣЩӣЩͷˡл˵
۫ү⻰⡣
ŶԣֻǸƷƹ٣ɵȻʦ˵쳾ǰǰ㣬һֻ
۫ү¶ȻĶУֻ˲١
ϲ֮ʳ޲ϰߣɿͣЪʱż˵䡣
̸ʱ۫ͻȻЦ˵˵Ҫָ飬ǰ̫ص빬
Ǹָ飬빬ΪΣ۫ү
۫һ˵ӤѶʮһÿǻµġ
ȥлڼӹϣҪҵ飬۫Ϳʼ࿴ˡ
лĿԶ٣¡
ã˵ָ𣿡
֪ΪΣһ͵Цһүͬʱһ㶡
۫ΪǲԸæʵӤõˣ


34 
ҹˮ
Է, ¹ӳ£ΨһƬˮĳԵò, ҹʱ, ˮ类ᴵ塣
վͤ, ǰιʳл
˼ǣô, ûзκοɵϵл嵭
вԾ𣬷ıԹ
˵ү⼸·ֻ¸λйء
ǣ͵˵Ըٹ, ȷʵûСرԸģʮģӣǴδֹ
Ȼ֪лҪҵ˭
˵Ҧɽ, ̫󣬵ɽʱΪʥϺү¡ϵǻ֮һһְ, µ͵ǼɽˮѰ, ΪѶʮ, ټǳԡ
һֱ֪үҦɽ, ȴϸеζ
˵ѵǱ, ǵֵܡ
, Ī쳣Ѫȵ, ֵ̤ܶܵʬǣǸ֮λ
Ϻ۫үһĸֵͬܣλʱ۫ȫȨ֧֡
ֻµ¡˽£ҲûŵȨ
λ֮һһãȵ֮󣬴ȨգŵǾˮ°ˡ
˭ĸҵ棬ģֻٲ³
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Ψһĵлô꣬þӷ£δؾûⷽĿǡ
ֻΪǸѾȨˣİˡ
̲סˣ̫󣬱ĿҲ̫ࡣ֮ǰȥʱͷˣҲڴ̽١
л˹ʳڳˮĽãϰ˱ιʳߣԽˮ
ֻ̫Ҳ˰ɣӶƴۿŽһ볯ĻκλϣŷعãǸүֻЩ˵УҵҦɽģ̫үˡ
ҦɽΪϵĵһĻţ˵оγ֮Ż
ҪȻ̫ǰͨϺ۫ү꼴һĸ֦ͬͬȵ۵Ļ֮УҲռơ
ȵ۲в̫ӣлʹ֮ӣλõĵλѡ
¡۷Ǻϵӡ
ôǰأ̫ܲż
Ҫ֪ûܵϵλ̫ӣúε³
Слһۣ˵үҵλҦǴλ
һֱͶлķԸѰҦɽ
ֻǽϵЩ棬ţԼүƶ˭ƽƽҪ˵ӶģҲǾŻӡ
ֻÿضǾŻƣү̫ͻϵĳ谮
СƢԣֻҲǱ軵ġ
õĻӣδ
ЩӶҵĻţǱүҵˣǲҪλӡ
ΪҪǣл΢
ˮҹɫУ˿ά͡
ѵүҪҦɽˣԼã
ͷڳͷ͵һ񣬽źһʵʵĺԺе뷨ȴζͣˡ
һֱлص
ֱãлתø׸°Ų¡
үء
̧ͷ˫ֽлưŽ֮үˣһǣǡòңֻܴһƿҩ
ͷԣϣ˫쳣ᶨ
лȻ֪ģѾꡣôҲҦɽˣҪҡ
ǣ
Ҫ˳ȥʱл̧ͻȻ˵֪Ĳͬ
ʹף޶ۣүʾ¡
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лһ£˵ױң֮ˡ
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ÿնҪΣ档
żʵȥɽҰ˭֪ȴСĵȼ˿ݲݣЩɴȴǹڹȥ֮Ӿӣȥɽ¾дһ١
ͻǵãһ߿żȣһ߿˵үõӡ
ͻʣǲҡ
ģ֮֮ǳȷѪꡣ
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û뵽һæǺüûȻȥ׸ңϾڶΡ
գͻȻ˵⼸ջ»һᡣ
Ȼʦ֡
λȻȻͲ󣬿ʦǸɮԶλʦʱԶ𷨾ǻϺ̫ΪƳ硣
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֮ǰȻΪүҪҵ飬۫үͻ㣬̫жΪ
µǰ£֪ôͷ·תη۫Գϯ
˲²⣬Ȼү
ҲΪػµ
η᲻¡أȨЩƽʱͰķС㣬ȻҲȱϯ
˵֮ǰ˵һֱ˵òȴԵü˵ζҲȥҲһǰ
ŷЩ˵
ȴգգ۾ȥĻͬһҰƽʱǮڻ±˲١
ллá˵
뷽ֻ֪ΪŴò
СȴԸ
ͻȻ뾩Ĵˡƫƫ״ʵݣ޷֪ǡ
һʱЩΡ
筴⣬ǽʵع⣬ͷһԵǸ
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λǲɣһֱԭԼ
£λڳɽ֮ϡӹºͬȥԼĪҪʮһԼ˷ڳſ
Ȼû֮󣬷ҵҲ㵽ˡ
筴ñ˷ЩǸûü밲
Цİɣĸײǵһζعصˣձ˵һͬǰ¡
֪ոƹ񣿡ʵ
ҡͷ˵ֻ˵Ҧƹıãûáӳѩϣһʣ㻹ｪΧĸ׿㣬ĳء
ŷ˵Ըں
ǳһŮӣͷ¶⣬ʧ档
һ·ϣзڣҲȤ
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һ³签͸ţڰɽϵıŲ֮࣬жʮɸߡ
ڳԣ֮£Χ·һʥ⡣
вԾη
筳֪ɮ֮ǰ˼
λ˿űǸϲģϻһ飬ŷŮͷкüѾȢ޵ĸͼ˵Ľ㡣
˷˿óͣԵЩüĿ
μӷᣬ˿̷ỹδʼǱ֪ɮţȥ˿Ϣ᷿
һ᷿ûã˵ĸףղҲ֪ɮ˵ˣɽƬŻС㶼ȥͻˡ
ұ֪Ǹסģ˼̾һһ÷ûӵģ
ҡŷ˵ֱۣĸס
ȥɣһǧ˷ᡣ˵
ϲĵͷϽ뿪
筽մŰһҲиŮ˭֪ŮȴΣ·Щ졣
·ķС㣬ǲߴˣﲻֵķ򡣡
Ҫȥ֣˵㣬֪Ѿˣ϶Ҳ᷿ЪϢ
֪ҪԼȥҴ㣬Ȼ
ԸѾߣһۣϽ첻˵ˡ
˭֪Ǹ߳ȥûãһȺǧС㡣
һˣƼЦãҲҪȥͻ̫ˡ

˭Ǵˡ
ȴ˵ǣΪڷҵڡȥ֣Ҫȥĵطǵ˻ɡ
εĿ筣筻ڣǰҲҪȥ֡
ʱ˲ſ筡
ֻϴɴҶЩɻ
ֱһ˵Ī
˵֮ǰֻȥһӳѩãǼĹϲ˵ĵȴ޲òְｪڻؾӢǸү
ĵ׷׷кá
Ȼδȥӳѩã䲻ӳѩУӳѩȴŹĴ˵
ںС˽£ۣòȻϸʢ
Ҳǻϱռһְˡ
ЩǹŮԳòȴȣһϻļ˭ָĳΪ˵ĳأ컨使ޣҶȴġ
ͻȻһ筣Ҳ֪⻹⣬֪筵ò˳ȥ
һ̻֮ŮȴѹΪ֮ŮĻϡ
б
˿˰ϳ˿񣬶øⲻͬ
ֻڽչ˵λС㣬筵Ĵȴ͵ǳɫŰĳȹΨЩڵľϵŵǸ˿ŵ
ϸģеԽ˶϶ȡ
ϸɴֻһ˫峺޳ĺ¶档
Ũɫ۵ף὿ĵӱԵȾһǳǳĽ⡣
΢΢ף˶̲ס
ܿ죬ǵԣ˭֪ԶԶƼһͤԸߵĵطšǹֵľѺõط
˻߹ȥֻ߽ˣŷͤϾվһŮ
վͤߵǱˣֻһۣ˿Űƣ֮΢΢Ų⣬ˮԡ
ֱ¶ʧӢͦ
һӰͽ̲סҪתʱģ
ԱλɫС㣬ȴǴҶϤģӢСϡ
λھʢĹŮ˿ȴûָ߸߲ʵģ̸̧
Ҳ֪ط˵ʲôͼЦտ
ͳڵòЦ£ԽԵùˡ
ļҹӣ̲סڡ
òҹӶ뷽跨׽ȴ̸ɼԷݱǲ͡
ŲλӰ
ڻʱǸվͤڵӣȴת
ֻͷȴʧΪϾһžµɫߣԣȴҲӵڵʵʵ
°Ͷδ¶
ͻȻи˵ⲻλӰɣ
üһ֮Ծ
ʵڿԷıӰʱ;̫Ϥˣ˵һӻؼҳ¯ڵ
ʱңңųӤıӰ㡣
筿˵λӣ
Ȼ۫ӣ˵λӵȻھʱ䲢࣬ÿγֶעӣԵ͵ºͣϲ֮żʱߡ
һɣԭԷΪԭ
ĵ˵ĸо
һԵСŮǣȴѾۿˡ
Ҳ˵λӵ³üӢϾһӣֻϧ˹֮⣬ûôμӹԵᡣ
ѹֶûʲô˵¡
ϧλӵһֻҪȻҲӹϣֳ顣һλƻϲ˳۵С㣬ֻЩ˵˼ֻעҪյġ
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һϽõĹ˵
˳ʱͤϵȴȻ뿪
ǷߵڶС㣬ԼֱӴһ߻뿪
˿ıӰһп޲ǰƿ֣һλ˵еķɡ
뿪֮󣬻ҲѾ߻߹
㣬λ۫𣿡ֱڿģʵ
ȴûΪһԲ΢΢һЦȷʵӵ¡
˺ʵƼӵµݣ
΢һ㶣˵᷿ʱ²δ֡
˼ˣӵ²ⲻǰԼˡ
ӵ¹Уǰ㿡𣿡
һЩ°õ⣬̫׽վڴ˴ȥǼѵá
󵨵⣬˦ɫ뿪
˭֪գûգȻ΢ӳȻǿٱֻԵ߽࣬Ƥҡ
һӣٴлܹ֮ϵ
һ֣ɬýЩ֮ڿڣȴҲȤŻϡ
Ͼλӵ£֮ǰֳ飬һƤ࣬ǹŮ˭ܲĶء
λ˵һֻн̰쳾Ůӳ֡
ֻǶڡ
޴£λӵ·ȹļλӣĶѡ̫ƫӣ֪顣
Ļ£ƫƫҪڻϵͷϡ
Ʋˣĵ׶Ҫһ䣬ôôء
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һ˰Σǲͷ
λصӵ¸ĸоʵ̫ӡ˿С㣬һһӣԽĻš
Ǹɴʹɫ˽ȥԱߣԶˡ
ظϣ׼ȥ᷿ܲܽ˵ϻ
ͼһ䴦ͻȻһ˴˳ǸӸģӡֻɢ¹ڲ˵룬һ첻ѣ˿ƿ
ǣָ筺ͷͻȻУҡ
ŵԭأҿһѣû
ͽӡŵÿҪ޳
ȴһ۾Ƴ˲ԾۻһǸ˼ҳ竣Ҳڷ֮жŮ֡
񲻶Ծֺʲôҩ˻þ˶
ǿߡǧУװʲô֪ƿ
ȻǷģҪǱ˿׷筺ͷ
ǲںȴ۷Сǻֻ¶޷˵
ͷ˴ѾѸǰ
Ʒһ㣬Ȼһ׷һߺˣˣܣ棬ѽ
ּ˵׼Ҫѱ
ͻȻվסɿ֣԰˵ȴСߡ
С㣬أ𰺰
üߣ
ҪôȥҪѱ˺ʱ׷Լͷ֪Ҫʲôӡ
Լƣַҩˣԣ׾١
ѽŭ
һĻʱҧϷˡ
筲ˣԷۿҪ׷ֿ֮ȵĿͻȻ˵Һȣˣҿ¡
üĮ˿ͬһˡ
ҪʱȴԶнŲ
̾˿ʧŶԷѡ˸෴ķܹȥ˭֪˾Ӱ㣬׷š
ֻ֣ܳŷǰӵš
ԷۿվںӱߣһЦһ߳Լ·ˣǵƤΪλһ
筷ôã˵񲻽δԽȡ
ڶԷ쿪˫֣Ҫ˹ʱͻȻ߸һӾ˦˹ӶһȦֱӽ˵ֱס
һһˤڵϡ
֪ʱֱֵӳֽס
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ӵ£Ƿҩ鿴󣬵ϥǰػ
һ𣺡ӽúѡ
Ƶͳ
筵ڳһɣӵ


35 
˿л, ӵ˫Ӱá
Ȼ״̬˿һ˫ۻֱ筣ͻȻЦӲ˵ġ
¶̰, ƺҪ筳Ե
ü, ΢Ŵ̲סս
׼ӽʱлͷ˵˼仰
ܿվ߹ȥֹⷢӽС
ҵǱɣƾʲôץңƺһ, ˳
Щȴ˿Ŀ͡
ǲδֱӽˮУǾͽúߵһӴдŰ˵
Ӵ˿ڰ, ƴʲôҽʥϳ, ǿ
筻ͷ, һ, ɻվ۫ӡ
һɫס, Ȼ˿飬˳Į, ֱеķС
ֱ̧, ˸µơ
ӵѸ֣ŵ˼½, ˱ݵˮС
˫ֱ, ֻһ˫ƴ
޴ˮںн, ˮľ, ˮ澹Ҳܵ
վں, ˮ飬ϡ
ڣǺˮ棬ڳˮ󣬴ڴڵĺ黹кˮѷֲ
˿û˷ŽţԼǳ׵ܵܵš
ߵĶƺѱ𴦵Ҳ˹
ԭͻһȺսľߵߣƼϵһʪ͸ˣŵûʧɫЩʧг
лӭȴʼһֱٴ̧
ϵ˿ƣŵøεѣ޺Ұɡ㣬ҡҰ
һ߿һߺžݼ
վĹǣƼΪֱ̣ϳ˵ⲻǱҵĹף
εӵˣݵʵ
ǧСǣڰ̾ӵµĿӣôô˹ϵ
ʧ֮ģδʧƼһĻ
ʵǱһ
ɫ΢ã˵λӣһΪſḡײ˵¡ԵֻǶСʹˡ
ΪлŹʱͼٴη¡
еɿλǺӣֿʼˮһ㣬þһ˿Ҳڡ
ģһԱ˵Сǣľս
λӵ¾òھǣ˲֪Ƣԡ
Ϊڷ֮еӣһҪңǰ㲻쳾Ҳһű˵Ĵȱĳ
ɴʱٿ򰲾վлͷ̡̻
һ湫ӣǴӹ߳ޣ˿ϵĳȻɱ֮
ɫߣҲ˲˿ᱡ֮ġ
˭ƿߣֻµͻնһְֻɡ
ŻҹŮǣʱһ޲øϽ˴ƫƫףȴѡ
˭Ҳһλ粻ӵ¡
ڣٴαˡ
ֻʣ´ľǺˮͬƵãſҲһ˿
ϵߣлԶĵطͷ¡
λүڵϡ
ܿ죬ǰѸٿʼܿͳһµСƿó֮󣬵ݵǰ
СƿƺҪûȥ
ȴѸջ֣ƿӣƿ£űʵǲǷùĶ
ûѵĵӣĵ˵ͷ
ܿ콫ƿӵݸлظӵ£žǷ˴ҩ
лվԭ徲֮أڷ֮ýҩ·ſ´ΣͲֻ˼򵥵ĳʹ
Χ۵Сǣ֪ӵΪҪԴס
ֻ⣬ۿģһĵ־ãλӵµֶδ̫Ϻ
ЩǧС㣬ƽһֻϣľΡ
ſһ˱ˮл˾֮ġ
£˸õδãϥʵ
лڴͣɳƵͻ᷿ʵ֪
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΢˸ֻ̧ʱͼлƳһۡ
͸һɫߣ¶һ˫ļƽû˿Ҳδһ˿ޱϲ
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ӵ۾Ҳ䣬ȴֹ¼šĮ֮ԣγȴҲůʱ۵ǳǳЦ⣬¶ů͡
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ڷ䣬ƶˡ
߸ϣɨһ۶˿۾ϣֻҲ뿴һʯͷû
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һԼһҵ䵽ֻסһũСԺƷƹ٣ôǸ߸ϵ۫ء
δʱλӵ£ҲҪ밲
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û뵽һ̻Ů˵еҭ˵
ƽʱõĹŮҲЩǻ˵⻰˵ĲˣҲǹѽôء
ñӿԵûϳʦ
ȴЩСŮ֮ղǸӣ֮֡
˿̼ȻѾøϽȥҷҴ㡣
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л뿪ʱ˵Ǿ仰Ϊӵµ뷽ͤʱһˡ
ǿı
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Ĺﶼͷܿ
֮ŮȻҲһ޶ԼС
Сͳ빬ǣû۫ӣȴΣÿμ͵͵
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С㣬ˡ𰿴¶ҵı顣
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һЦԵݹȥһɰ֣ҲҪӷˣֻҽ޳һֱӷˡ֮ǰţҪȥӷ밲
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ǵ÷Сһ죬ٲþȥ
˳ȥ֮󣬷Ǹû뵽ֺŰ壬ͨͨ
ǲ֪ǣ־ûֱȥķ䡣
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ֻ᷿ڣһɫ۵ӣ˿ڴߣֽʱ̧Ǹŵˡ
඼ѵһ忡
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ް֣ʾ¡
뿪֮󣬷޻վ
Ŷܿ죬ߵ˵Ǽ᷿ʱƼ˹ϵŮӡ
ǰסŮӵļ˵㲻ǴӦңۡ
ǹԸʲôۡɫ
Ŀǰӡ
ҵĹòĶһ㣬ĽŲ۾
ѳɻ鼸꣬޿ʱɻһһЦṴ꣬ʱʱ̶̿òġ
˿Ÿ˷ٵòȴй¶
һʤܽأɢ˵ġ
ĵһˣˣȴľΪˡ
̧ͬͷǰˡ
δ֮ǰҲʢᾩǵĿɣףʸӳྐྵʤʱ
һˣվһ۲ѡ
ްο֪еĵ飬ѴתΣɼʥϵŭˣճʢŭЩʱգһȰ飬Ϊ˵
أϢˣ
§ļ˵֪㵣ãƽ˽У㲻Ҫ̫ˡ
筵Сֻ֣м˲֪֡
ֻڷ޻ʱʹƲ۵׵
ᷨҪʼˣǲһͬԸΣʵ
ҡͷ˴ηȻʦٿһ𷨾Ҳá
޵˵ͷѾ߹ź
߳š
ߵԺУͼԼߵߺ󣬿˵ӣѾ˽Χп֮˳֣һܽץס
ϴˣʡ޵ɫͻȻһ䣬û˷ǹ崺ᡣ
˵ϴϴ̵µʼδġ
һƺĽͲ⡣
һѴܹܼõƽµĶΣһҪҵ
ǣ
뿪󣬷ʡ
һֱûжܹܼңλк֣˭֪ڵˣԷΧɱ֮£
ٸҳ֣޻ء


36 
ΪҪʼ, ֻܴȻԼ᷿·ϣ˵ҪǴȥ

͵˵үĻ, 껹ϵءҼԶݣҽϵһ򼫺áÿʱ, ˱һ𣬶֪֮صĸס
ʢһձȨĺү, ֪˼ҪȢ
ǶĶѫ, Ҳд, Сҽõ˼, ʾԼҵĳ⡣
ĸ׻ͬ𣿡ɵ
Цİ, ĸһֱҲϲ㡣ῪʱŮ춼һһ»ṩիʳ㼴岻ʣҲիɡ
ǿͷ
֪뷽跨ڰԼ, Ҳ̫ࡣ
˵Ҳ, պа취ġ
˻᷿ײϷǲǵѾߣһͬȥ˷֮, 뿪᷿, ǰٰ취ĴС
ΪǻѵþٰһεĴ󷨻ᣬ±װεĻȻһ¡
筵һ£, ǽ϶ŷ̵, ǽ, ɫʸƻ˽ۣŽڡ
ʱöϡ
̧ͷԶķ±ŷֱÿķ£ͭ塣
Ŵͭ屻ᴵȥԶԶ
˷ڷǰĿ㳡ٰ죬ԽߣԽ֡ŮٽУÿ϶Ŵµѣ¸ɾࡣ
ǵ˵طŷֱ֮㰸ڹ㳡ϵš
ǹ֪ɮǽԱߵķڡ
ڵϰڷžµţȻϯضͨڲͬ
ڴ˴ŵĽǾǵҹ˺С㣬˵˵ƽȡЩǷǮҪߣǻĵطǡ
ĵͻȻһɡ
½ǶһǷ
һ£ȴš
˿̷ĴŽԿԼڵڣҲ淨ʢܶѾڵţǰĸֻ̨Ȼʦĳ֡
Ҳǰ㣬۾棬ŵĲǷ̨
ſʱֵˡ
ڣڵڵŲʣʱһӰڵſڡ
ƺЩԭֻǵ˵Ůӳֵһ˲ͻȻԴЩ
ϸͨģδᵽŮӡ
㡣Щ筵ӡ
筶ϣ΢ŵ۾ֱ̧ͷȥͼһŵ·ʲôӦ
΢筵ϡ
һ˲䣬˹һ˫ӣƺڣҡҷǱ˴˵ں峺۵׷·ˮ
˿ϸǵһƳΡ
Ϊϸǵ٣о˵ơ
ͷ
һԵѣܿû
վԭأ֣ͬƹеʵٷˣвף
ֺܾĻ˵һȦЩ˻ǧС㣬үĿ֮š
սһƱʯѹţֱܺ
ǣʲôܱ֡
£ֻƼķˣȻͳһߵһλʾ⡣
һƣȷʵ붨õķˣҲûɻ
ºָսָ׶ġ
ҵʹƺԼ󿴹ȥ
ƣô
֮һ⣬˰˰Ÿ筣Ҫ뾩ȥУݱܷͷ
ѺͻؾҪȵĹ
ʱŭһǲųƽᣬŻưոݡ˭֪̰ðҴöɵʥһǻʶƵ
Ĺˣݣָ
û뵽㾹˲֪ôҰ䣬ǹֺûижҲͰˣȻҪ󡣡
û뵽մȰĸ˿̾˵
˵ɢʵ̫飬һϦ֮䣬ȫģ
˵ֻϣܹյ棬׵ķϣҵһر߹أͿ๦ߣͻҪܿࡣ
һԲ
ǹĮ·ǹָָܹ㣬֮ǹ㣬ֻȥûˡ
û뵽ԭҾ㿴
Цԭĵģ֮󣬽ãӽٲ۶
Ҳͷˣû뵽һˣ˵Ļ
໥ۣǹ˿˵ѽ㻹вҡΪҵ治ǳɻ꣬㶼ûǷһŮһ֮߳ɽݵ
ȻһжǼٵġ
֮ǰһֱδʱ˻οǶᡣ
Ұ䣬ûԭȵüֵȫĿ¶ˡ
Ѿ߻ط󣬱㿪ʼʰ
ʵڶȢʱױ˴̽
λƽӹʥҲƽƽֻһƷְӷȴѫУеĳɫ֮ټһòȷʵǸ÷ѡ
˵ȷʵŵԡ
㷽ǶͼֻҪҸá
ֻǴŷ֣Źô򸾲ƾӪټ϶δּң˿ڶ࣬ѾͿˣֻȢһŴ󻧵Ůüױȥ
ĵײǷȴĺá
ǰӲԽأȴ͵͵˸СҶأȰѸ׼С
ʵҲʲôĶˣӣˣС⡣
ȴС˼
˵ӹںһֱĸ࿴Լ£Ϊ˵ǡ
˳֮󣬷޸Ǵһһ⣬ûͨңźѾ߶ˡ
ΪǻӴˣһһһ˫ˡ
û뵽Ұ䣬ʲôˡ
ȥҹ֮ǰδؼˣȥңҲһ䣬үæʱÿչҡ
ѾʰʱһֱδӰķڹҡ
һŵϣк磬ԵЩƣ롣
һ֪շ飬ϻؼСĸҲ֪֮£ǣ㣬ҲĽŻ˵صĻ
ףżᶨҪõģֶҡˡ
ڳԵĸվž
һֱǱ۵ɾ£δǰǲ֪ٹŮĽԲ۷޴һһ⡣
ʵ㣬ĸ˵Ķԣǰ;Ҫ
סƲɣ˵⼸δңΪæܹܼҵ顣
壿¶֮ɫ
׺˵˾ٱ˵ҵĲƲ̲ץʡ֪ǿ㳤ļˣ˵ҲܾȳܹܼܰҾȳ
ʱᡣ
ĵ׸Ǻڲѣ׾ͽĻ˵ڡ
ʵǱȲԼƬϡ
ǰʱΪ˽һĶȫ綼Ҫʱվߣ벻
Ϊõӡ
ʲôʱ򣬿ʼһβɵء
Ҳ˹ߵ˶ȥ
˵Ϊ˱
һʼŵģֱòûʲôʲô˸
Ȼҡͷ˵һһֱδؾְͨҲ˵Щҳ
ǲţǼʵűȨô꣬һЩҲ㣿
ֻûƣ˵һıӲᵳӪ˽Ҫʲôּù
Ļ筰ɡ
ҲǴΣĮĺ筶֣ƽʱá
ͷ类һˮױס
һϻۣɱһʱʱ䳤ˣҲֲᷢԾ
Щӣᵽʱ˵ǵǷ¶ǲĹĵҪȵʵѾܵˡ
ֻĵһֱдһ˿ҡ
ϣԼ̫УԼҳ֮󣬳˾֮
ֱ屻ɱ鴫޻˵˴СԺɱˣ˵Ǹ˿϶˵Ķڿʼɱڡ
ȴˡ
ڸУ䱻ס۾ϣϢԴ˵
ҪеĺڰǷǣ
ƫƫûУäĿŷ޵ĻΪжá
һղһղĻ
ˣҲҪ侲ǡ
ֱηҪµķᣬ˵ǴɢɢġȻҲ
Ҳףֻ²Ե޹ʴ
ѲµԼǸնһҪץסˡ
ôû뵽Ǳ筵
ƣͷһ筵С֡
Ҫִ˿̣һţվһ筿Щ뿪ܣжԶܶԶ
Ҫץ
ô
޴˿̻֪ںδ˵վڽϸŽӽÿһˡ
֪иһġ
Ǹղŷһֱûˡ
ǲѾȥú޵
˿ĵ׽֣ƫƫĵײֳܱһ
Ҫơ
*
ʱлӾҳ۫ҲմԼ᷿Ƽлʱ㾶ֱ߹
۫ߵǰư಻סʵűɼ˵ҹӵ㣬ˮУŪðд£
лһЦʵ״ģ
㾹˼˵Цһ˵ʹʱһڹС㶼ڳ㻹޶ãǰСŵùǺ
лŵùǺҵǲ֪
˿̬ȣ̲۫סϻӤɵĹʲôҪ󶯸ɸꡣ֪㵱ЩС㣬ƫպ󾩳֮лҲа
۫ϻлΪӹ֮£һƫִ
һҲҪѡѡ
ЩݣȴҲĲ쳾һ潫Ů޹ͷǽպ˻Ѹ
񵹺ãôŮǰʹӡ
˸η
лɴʵĸ±˶룬ǻҶ룿
۫ʵЩƿԣ侲ɱ粵кβãӢŮò䣬ĹǺʡ
лû뵽֮۫󣬻˵
ɫ΢䣺ĸ˵⾩֮ʺϼ޸ҵģֻ¾͵λС㡣ĸ˭㲻ǲ̫Ӻӣϻѵܹ˽ѾˮѡϵҵҪˣ۫Ҫվͷ𣿡
Ȼǡ۫ϡ
ãŵ˵֪㸸˼Ǿ͸øѡһŮӣǳӤĸίˡ
ƾʲôĶӣΪӣֻȢһͨŮӡ
۫˵һҲ̫󿴺õģ̫Ҳ㣬ýȢ̫͡
лȻҶԣȢϲŮӣί
òڣ֪黭һͨĹĲϲ۫ҲЩΡ
лģɴѻ˵ףٺãҶԣҲľɡϲǲϲպĸҪ𡣡
ҶԣҲľɡ
仰۫һʱԣڵĻϣжľҪϲʲôĹ
˵ɻҪң
۫ɫࡣ
ʣ㲻ϲҵĹôŮϲġ
ͻȻ̧ͷлɵʣǰʹҹӣҲΪŻǰŮǲ㣿
Ӥ㣬֮ˣûشĸĸһΣ֮ˣ
л۫ͻȻ˵ĸȢкأʦ˵Ļ𣿡
۫һϺȻǴƿЦı顣
ĸθǡ
ʦ˵ж²ó٣ʵǰοǵĻˡ
˵۫ĲȢĻǵܡ
۫Ѿȥ˷ᣬ;ʹ
ӣлһ֮ˣĿǰͲڲμӷڵУֻͼı
л˰жסүӷˡ
Ҫͷǣٴοڡ
й
ɫһ͡
ӵƽᵽʱҲǲδ˵˭ȴѾӿеָλ
Դظ֮󣬱һֱ߶ŵ
תлվԭأȴδؾҡ
ޱϤķ徻֮أƺҲҲǰ
ĸĻһУʿģҲ޷ر⡣
֮ˣ
ûС
лв֮ˣ˸Լ
ԺУȴ·һ΢һֱš
˵
л֮ˣӤȴ̲סҪˡ


37 
筰λ, ΢Ƴⷨׯ֮С
ֱſٴγһӰξ˷׷˳̧ͷȥ, ͼһλˡ
ոô, ҲپǹԹ
ǲλ, ûǰλ, ĸоľޡ
˵筱òɣԼƹԸ, ۽粻ⱻߡѰۡ
˵ͷһþ޵ˣӡ
, ò֮忡ȴܳҡ
û뵽ڶŲ۵ģһλˡò䲻ǰ㷼ïȴһ³Ķׯ
ϸ, м졣
ֻ벻, ˭
λǣߵķ
յ, ѹļͼͣ۫
۫
𾪵Ŀȥ֮ǰЩŮʱ, ˵۫ϲÿγʱ˶Ҫʱߡ
۫ò, λӵµķա
ģȷʵ㹻˵Ŀ⡣
ֻǲ֪λӱ, ˭ʤһء
϶ӡ
ĵֲӤģ, رǵһǸ, ɫʱ, ǰ
ǿźķ·Ҫβ, Ŀ
ǵһ̫ģ֮һʱȥǿ롣
·һۣͻᱻǡ
˼ʱȴ˱仯
ʽůΡΰķ±ԡһƬ貵ĽУһԵķ𲻶ϣ㼯ڴĬڹ㳡γ
һԽ죬㳡ϵȺ׷̧ͷϢǰ
ڵһڹˣҲ׷׳⿴ȥ
ӳģֳַɮˣм䴩źɫĵˣͷɮñĴݡȻʦף˿͸ŵȻһ˿
ԡڴʴ貽⣬ʥׯصģյԽԣ·з֡
쳹㳡ע˫ֺʮׯء
Ȼϲúõĸ̨΢ƶˡ
˿ÿ˷·ܴϣֳȻķԡ
ֱڣһʱϵÿһ֡
ڵҲȻʦ
ȴǰ˼˼档
ղŴȴסϣӡ֤筵뷨ڶɡ
ֻǸ֣Ǽˡ
һʱʱƺδ
ǷڵĹ˺ǧС㣬¶ƣ֮ɫ
ǽʱ֪ɮѱիλáµիھб̫ʱҪһ档
˷׷ǰիá
筲ͷżǰ棬ھ͹ȥɡ
筵˵ЩǸʣܰҰǸ𣿡
ۣǸղŲǼǸְɡ
ǰһۣٴȷ
˵ЩŴ󻧵֣ԸָߣźгֻûǰסҪȻҿɫ糣֮ǰ˵ʲôʡ
棬˵С̲סƽ
΢·˵Ҳֻ֪±ԤĻҪ
իú˷
۫ڶУΪģȻϯ
º󣬷ĩˣλãԶ
筸ղſܿǸ֣һҪϵԼˡ
ԶҲá
Եһʱ뷽˵ȥ˵仰δ֪£Ҳһͬȥ
ԭе筣իúҲҿںδ
ʱˣԼһҲɴ˵
ֱҪ뿪ʱƲСĴϵıӣֱõźŵϡ
˵ͳô£ëëŵġ
ĸǧô˵ǵС°ˣȥһɾѱáЦΧ
ͷһ̧ͷģ
Ҳ˵£ĵȴղѡ
˭֪Ϳ̧ͷƳһۣ۵ƺֻ
־ףԭλջǰԼȥٷ˵飬Ѱ԰
رСǼĹŮټ
Ҳû뵽ԼСѾͷƬ
һۣȥһɾѰɡ
ǵ˷޵Ҫ뿪
ҡͷٷź˶ûУūѲ¡
һЩż
־Ȼ߰
ֵѶˣвĵҲǶˣ˿㴩ôһѣΪǶûء
˵ּ£ұֱŵġ
޷ֻǾٷڴ˴ūƬ̣ū澻ѣͻء
ֻ۽ɨȹǣͻȻ˵СȹҲմۣҲûˡ
Ҫλȥ˵ʲôҲ뿪ȥѡ
ϾիУϢģɵľС㡣
Ҫ뿪Ҳðѷ֧ߡ
˭֪һ˵ͷһۣȵҾûƼҵȹҲʪˡĸףҲȥһٻɡ
Ƽ뿪Էĵ߿
һߣҴſڡ
ΪѿſǸϤӰһǰһԶķȥ
һƧԺ˽˷С
վſڣŻϣתͿվ˿۽⣬们
㡣
ǰϤףӵ֪׳ӷجһһһֱԳţθԼ£ܻġ
Ϊ˵󣬻
ļŷ֣ΡɽĵֻǸխĴ档
ҲʱģѾþûˡ
ԴΪ˼ˣ뿪ݻؾ签ֻͨ
ʱдÿŵĩβдһ䣬ƻؾֻʣ¡
֮ꡣ
һꡣ
Ҫž۵ӣƺҪˡ
˭û뵽һķʽ
һ˲Ѽߵǰʵ͸޾գΪʲôĻΪʲôҪǡҲǸ˵
ԭ侲üۣͻȻȾ޾ί
˵㿴ңֻ仰𣿡
ȥ֮Т筵һθܵ˵ů
Сޱ۵ãûס˵ƣ㡣
ƣͰĲµơ
Сһ˱͵ݣҲľ
Բھǵʲôһݸơ
ֱﲡأֻؿڵƣᱧο˵£ﲻµģҲᱣ㡣
Ǵ㣬˵ᱣԼ
µС˶ۡ
ǰᱧס筣ߵ˸ſǻ˵ƣûչ˺㡣
ͷ̣ص˼˵ߡ
֪ʱǿ޵ʱóӣᣬʵ㣬ʱȣҪ㡣
ͷ
筿ʵн㣿
һ仰ǽһ
̧ŵ筣ѸҡͷûУûС
ĵЩʧֻһöŵֵӡ¡
ΪηӦ󣿡۾
ĬƬ̣ڿ˵ΪҲʹͬ⡣
ĵ˿֪ʲô¶ġ
ܹȷ໥Σĵһů
֪֮ǰȥʱҲ˵ɫ΢
һ˵ʲôʱȥģ
筲ƭʵص屻ɱ졣׿͵͵壬˭֪˵ŻͻȻһ˴ԺӣֱӾáʼΧɱǡ
Ҫɱơ
筿ӣĵȴ²⣬Ҳʲôı顣
ɴཫһж˵ҪҴ̵ֻҲ޷
ơ
۵
Ǹɿ֣筣ʵɿǰʲôˣ
ӦһȺһʱû֤ݡҡͷڻ뽫Ļ˵Ͼȷʵû֤ݡ
һЦʱ㻹ҵĸܡ
۵
ôѹֵˣǷޣԼҪɱôʵԴء
ڱ֮УЩʵ
֪˶ҵСҵĶڼУѾѹȷĲһֱ˶塣һ֣˹ȥҪõ
˵ץס筵֣ƣߡ
մΪ֣ġ͸޻̿֡
Ҳ֪ˡ
ɳƣ㣬һġ
ǿᣬᶨһᱣԼҲǡȹЩʱգѰ㡣
ո󡣡筸Ͻ˵˵Եҡ
ͷ׼Ҫ뿪ʱͻȻ˵ܽ
һٴλͷżȻ͵˽̸ʱᵽᵽһֱɣĶ˵йء
û뵽ṩôҪϢ
ĻҲ޵޲Ե޹ҪĶʲôҲۺ쵽Ҫɱ˵ĵز
͵һ
ϸ룬뿪
Ժſڣ筺ͷͷ뿪е˼ҪߵһתʱͻȻͣסˡ
շᣬڷ࣬˵ַǷ
Χ˵իãҲ㰲
˿⽫˴Ӵ˴ߣֻҪȥôһ뿪ģһͷˡ
ȥ壬αװòаŮװ
Է֪ͷ˭ҪȻǸҲիôġիﶼǾǵĹ˺ǧС㡣
ǶΪֵǸӡ
ֻҪ˿̳ȥǸŮӣԷҲһᶢס
ǲڷж֡
ֻҪټɽ·ϣһ·βؼҡ
Χһ̾ɱķ
ϧû̵ĴˣҲֻ˸
һӹѵҪΧ
־ܣǰߡ
˭֪߻ǰķԺſڣ̤ȥҪš˭֪ͱһֻͻȻð֣⵲ס
д󾪣ֱӽеذף˹ȥ
Է˳һˣȴҪס筱ҲֻǴŹϡԷ˺һҲ˿սֱӾԼƣҪƽԺš
ǶԷȴĻ뿪ֱŵסŷ졣
筵ͷֻЬͻȻ¡
һת˱§ס˳ƱѹԺϡ
ȻһֻḲϣȵĵס촽е˻ȥ
̧Žߵˣ忡ϳֵΡ
л˵£ҡ
˱ѹŰϣǰĻӼߣͦΣվʱ°õڷ
ͷҪڷ°ͣĦ͸΢΢⡣
лȷڲгɿҲ˳֮ľ룬΢ƴżţô
лûлشΪץ筵ֱ֣Ӵ뷽Ǹ
ΪҪҵ˵ûпԲ˵ĵط
˭֪䣬ͼлֱƶ߰ϵһķȻ²ྐྵֻ
筿һһ˳İ֡
лҪɽȥƺ˶ǹ˲ֱ̫࣬ӽס˽ȥ
ܿ죬ĸ±ϣֱ˿ƹ̶İһ֡
ֻǵΧװ筲ź֪Ծ
Ϊл£棬˿խİǿˣֻܲŲ˵һ
ҪˣǺѾűڱߡ
ֻԶһ£Ǽ⾹лıǼ⣬һɨ
ܿһ嵭Χ
ҧƺҪ˿̵Σ΢ͷҪ˵һ룬벻㣬˴˵ĺܸܵ
һͷְظոĸо
ļ壬¾ּѹһĸо
лҪܣǴ͵˰ôԲĴУ˰ˢ֪Ů޹ǵĽֿɼĵط
лڴδйľ£ҲĵĳҪĸо
ǹӶʮδı٣ǰֶͨıͼ١
лΪĹΪ㹻ĶڷܵĽ̵ƶ׶飬׶.ԡ
ɴ˿֪Ϊδ
ͷɽʱڣƺҲְ̫Ų󿿡
ӡ
ںһϢĲϡ
ֻһȴһѻ𣬳׵ȼл
ԭˣΪͨ˷Ŀ顣
Ƿ治Ŀ飬͵ǰ
Ľˡ


38 
ͷɻ, Ϊʲô
ɺ
ô֪ĻأεĻأֻǻڲɮ£֪˶֪ɡ
Щͷĵʱ, оߵȡ
𷽲Ƽһ˲, Ȼİġ
ޱ߼ʵĴ, ͻ籩һҶ, ʱ㸲ΣգȴڼʱͻȻңԶߵһ졣
µĬȴΣյʱ򣬳Ϊ
ֻҪͦεӰ, ľͻޱȰ
ٴķˣĻûԼ
ǰӴ̫ᣬھãȻʱ, Լߡһһεݣĵ
֪, 綾񫣬΢ݱһʰ
֮ǰлʱĵҲԼ, öһİӣҲˡ
Ҫʱ, ͻȻˡ
ľ, 罵o, һξ
۾, Ϊ˿̰ѱ·סһڰխܱտռ䣬һ˿޷͸
ֻģоС˵лл㡣
˵̲꣬ס˿
ܱյĿռ䣬Ϊ̫խ޷ͨͬʱˣ˵ÿһκһ±һء
˵仰̲סһ
ֻǴʱԴʼͷһ˿־塣
ҪŬĿ־塣
ͬʱͷĽŲŲЩңֹһˡűƿOO@@Խˡ
ֱ˿ڵû뿪϶ѡ
ǡüӦ
筻۾ƺɢĵ׵ǹɿ־壬ܱտռ£еĸйٺͻ䶼޷Ŵ
֪ΪΣξȥĻ档
ʵ˵Ķǰ֮ǰʹƴҪȥԼܵԼһʧ
ΪǴξܵһУֱĸоܵ
ָо񡭾ڡ
ԣΪһ񣬾ƲסĿ־塣
Ϊֱĸоʹ̫ǿң֮ǰָоӰԼͷĿ־壬
лһһ붨ķ
Ŭĵ׵Ŀ־壬ʱǲôͣ廹ǲԾ΢΢
һôĵطԼĺ󱳽űڱߣȴ塣
лҲʱ򣬲Ծ
۾۵â˿˫ۣȴ·ܸܵĵž޴ʹࡣ
Ѳ˻δɢȥڷȥ
ЬӲڷʯשϵĦһľ壬ݹ
̹ȥͺá
ƴ۾Ծҧס촽
·ۣס
ֱһ˫ֱǿѹ˹䣬סϣһѵס˫̵ֹ¶ȡ
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ԭǿŵĿ־塢£˿ȫк岻˿лУô
һֻƣĺ󱳣Ħš
ŵֱۣĦָ筽
῿˹ȥţһô
л޳ͦΣƽʱŸݣǴ˿̿ŷż̲
ɻĺ󱳣µḧο
Ķ̲סһǡ
ӡ
ͺһ˿ʶɢɳơ
һʶૡ
̫ᣬ˽л֮⣬Ҳ
ƽ
лͣƬ̣սԼֱۣԼ
ȵϢΧ
筸ůһε͵ૡ
ӣܡ
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ŲһԴٵŮ𣺡ʲôˣ
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˿ɫ䣬˿û̬ȡ
˵˸ң
ǰһ˵ֻҪѸ˽ҿԵʲôû
û뵽Ȼô˵Ц
ֻЦȴЦԼ档
ʲôû
ΪһĻ뵱ʲô¶ûȴܡ˵Ҫ֪ҼˣǾɱҡ
޵˵ǷأҴΣѵ˽ôẦأҪ㽻ǸˣΪܺ˵ĶҶΪá
Һãˡ

ջƽ֮㸸ױУǸͶ䵽¡ֻ㻹Ǹ߸ϵĶӷˣΪûȰ𣿡
ҪڣΪڻ˰𣿡
ǰɷһ̣˺һֱαװ
˼Ұˣﳼ֮ŮӦñ͵ׯϣ߱һ˴˲
ܺúõҵĶϱ͸öлĶ͡
֮ǰ׳ʱеάһ̶¶ʵĿġ
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ֻҪ˽ңҸ㱣֤ҪֻҪһѡ޴˿̻ӣ˵
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˿ĵޱѣûģ
һжֻðˡ
Ȼİɡ
筵飬һֶ߷ޡ
ڳʧȥģǰ̧ס򥣬µοٰڳָ߸ϵ̬ƲŪΪҽ㱣̫ãȻ档
Ҫȴ°͵ƣ
ǿʹֱԼҰαװ˶ˣΪŪȨһжΪԼѡ
ҼѾ뿪ҲԶ㣬˭
筲ڰ֮Уȴ˵ĶԻ
߬Լƣ̲סȥ
һУΪ˱
ɷĻŭЦ˵û˵仰ҵЩɡ
תͷһȦ֮͸ƶ˵ˣһڴ˴ҪȻҲȥ
һıɤۡ
ʵҲ֪筵û뿪ի֮öû
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ԭԺſţЩ˶ϵӷˣǿţֱײ£˽
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ŻϹ
ҲǶһֻѰˣҪңҺˡĮ
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۵һ˿ңǼᶨ̧ܿ㲻˵ڽϡ
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Ů֮ȻҪɶ˵һжӰ
֮ǰŷޣĺãҲĿ
ȫĽŮӣΪķ󣬻УƱ
˭뵽˿վڷǰ˺һαװ
˴˺޲ЮסԷ
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ǣʼѲ
ĵżȴ޷ֱͷ£Ҫ򷽶ޡ
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Įɱң
ڲ
ǰƺͻȻһ棬մ飬ϲϡͷϻŸͷΪΧİţһԲ
ֱһֻ֣͵͵ƺҪס֡
Ҳ֪ǽţô¡
ȻһյԼ󣬵˺һ˵
ִ֮ϡ
ȴ׾ץ˵仰
ڸͷ֮£ǳЦ
ʱҲĻϲΣֱסʱһķ·𰲶
š
š
ĿʱϤȴİˡ
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У
һ̣ٴθоԼС
˵ٷ˴ߡ
˭֪һ̣мٽŲӣ۫ӵ¹ˡ


39 
ü, תͷ˵Ƚٷ˴ߡ
ȴԸ⣬, ƺ㼴̱ơ
ߵ˵, ԭģӵǰ˵Ҿͽ̰ܻߵ֤, ݽ¡Ҳ֪ʥ˲İ, һ֮䡣
ѪˡȻţֱһˣôܻ̰ۡ
ĮΪŻ𣿡
ƳһԺſڣֵ󿪷֮ţʱдҪȻΪشġ
, 𾪵޷ڡ
˿, ˵˵, ȷʵǸøס᲻㣬Żͬġ԰ӵ¹Ҫˣʲô˵ʲô˵
ڰڵ筣װ
ͬϢҵģãȻ޴롣
شܣһֱŸ׿϶ԩ, ô, ֻΪ򵥵̰ð, ˵˵塣
ѵΪӵʳ⣬ŵ´ܣ
ٴսƣѾоĵʹ
ֱˣסƣȻָһһĵʹʧ
šл촽Ķϡ
һɺȪͷʶᣬȴְĵ
ֱͷѵĸо
޴˿һΪ˻ס㣬Ż˵Ļ
Ļš
һֶš
筸мתͷ˿̰̫ڣ˴˶Է۾۾ȴ·м¹˽лķ
棬޺ҲڿԺӵǵɫӰ
ԷͦΣһ۰ۣҪһ塣
壬ֻл塣
ʥϳ谮ӣƸʹһ顣
Էŵ壬˶δ۫ӣȴȷԷݡ
˵лھһأǾ빬ǣпܼݡҪȻݹӺٷˣûл
ӵ¡ڶԷ֮ǰſڡ
ɫߵӣŷޣƵ𣺡ӣڸ
˵䣬۾ɨԺ
˿ţ½⣬ֻ˵ٲ֮ˣҲŲò˹ϾȻʦķᣬڡ
ԭ˽ְ񡣡
ɫΣεɻڻδְ񡣡
ˣӴЩ뿪ɣµİΣлɮ֮⣬۫𡣷Żɮ˵ڷһȺݵˡؾǷӴ˰ɡӴ˶˳룬ʲôҪĳͻ
ҿǲܡ޹
㾡뿪ɣʦҲϲôûϾ󲿷ֶͨڣɿֻš
۫ӵĻ͸Ÿ߸ϵķԸ
޲ұ粵Ͼ£Ǵڲɸ˵Ŀġ
Ҫŭλ۫ӣ»֦ڡ
Ͼ֮ǰǰҵСӲ֪ε۫ӣӽˮ˸ȥ
λӵھ̫أƢԸ޶֪
һ粻ӣ޿ɲȷԼ᲻Сļ
ǣ¡
һ԰վţ̧ͷλӵ£ȴִͷ
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һ֤ݳֻ֣ͻķȥ
Ҳδڡ
ˣͻȥɡ
һۣûƣֱ뿪
Ҳδջ𣬳۫󣬱㼸׷ȥ
ܿ죬Ժ˶˳ȥ
ƺһϾ˴̫գ俪Сףײ̫˳ʱ档
ŷȥĶһͬʱֵ
˺棬ٸضֻ¸ûɡ
ڳû˶һԵлһŰĽ䴦ԭŵĳڣͻȻһ˿Ȼ签͸оǰĹ߽
ĵѹŵľʯҲһ㱻Ų
һѹ֡ӵҲ˿㣬ᡣ
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ֻʧȥôݵʱ䣬˿»ùҲֽٺĸо
תͷ˵ŷԼڣӵף߼䡣ʱĵĪ顣
Լߣ忡ףûʲô飬üĿʣһ
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лʣ˵󣬾˿ɹһܵȻЩñ֪֪˵صܣΪʱ̰棬ִ˴أһ˲ڡ˭֪رϣȴҲķӡ
Ҳķӣ
꣬һ类סЩ
һ˲·һУһССܱͯյİڣ˫ֽǵš
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ֻԼȴ˿û˼ҪοԼ
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أ
л˵еһλɮˣҵңҾȳ
΢һ˿ҵҿλʦ
˵ҵĻҲٶ֪϶Ṵĵ׹ʹ䡣Ҹӷ׷ǹʣȴһһεӵԮ֡
ʱڴ˴ãȻΪļ䣬˿ٴα
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лƽǰͻȻС
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л忡ףڵһγ˱仯
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ƺû뵽ԼܸͻȻ͸¶ܡ
˵ڵ筣˿ĵޱȵɣǰеˣòżϵļһ˲ɴϢĻᣬǶôѵá
ЦЦ
ʵȥΣٶµ˰ɡȴһֱûʣ±Ǽ⣬üҼϼЦ⣬˵ʱұ룬Һεºӡ
лü΢
һ˿Գ˵ȴ䲻ӵݺãĻ˵ʵȴһδ㡣
۾һ󣬲ż˵ӣҲ㡣Ӷ񣬷ŵĶԻҲӦˡոλŮӣҵ׵Ĵ㣬λķҵĴ򡣡
ƺĵ˼Ϊ
ˣҰ֮󣬼̶顣˵Ǿ֮ͣҲҪǹҡѩ̿٣侮ʯ߶ࡣΪ˾ң̤˶ԣجΰڵĵط
ϣرǶԿҪߵƣ纣ͻȻһľ壬ϢĻᡣ
ٴӣ
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Ҷԣһ֮ҡ
֪лľ֮仰ܻرһ̣ҪһУݣȫޱĸ
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á
л˵꣬˳᷿
»صһľʱս˷䣬ͻȻؿڣһѪ
֪˶ãͷŸ¡طµȻһſڡżΣȴӦȻֱƿš
Ŀϣҵĳ
ӡżǰ
ԵȻ̽лıϢ΢Ϣ
״һϽӻͳҩƿֱιл¡
ãлƽ͹˫ͷĺľķ᷿۾ʱĳһ
żӣ㷽ںδĴҲ㣬ֻóȼٰģȥԸǸޡǽȫ򷢳
Ϊл뱩¶ԼݣԲŻһѣȥ筡
ǾͶǸڡ
죺ң
۾ŵлʧǲġ
ɡ
ѹӻصĺ
о綾ȴȫ޽ҩֻһ㻯⣬һֱҪϲ󱯡
л񽥽۽üȴš
ΪԼ̤ĵط
û˵ʵΪƿ̨˹ȥǸ̨֮ƭɽǸ
ʱףΪԷҲǻµɮˣӴ˵ˡ
˿ûн䱸˽ȥ
Ȼ͹
µ˷ʱɮȥķ£Ҫһڰڵĺͯ롣
ѹȥô꣬лɻǵʱΡ
ʱȻ˫ֺʮʦܣϲħ
лתͷ
˵ʦ֣Ҽǵõ㿪˰Ҿȳ˵˵һжԭġ
ͣૡ
ԭ
֮ĥѣȴ˾ƹ
ǸصССҲΪʡ
һֱ˵ˣȴ֪Ҳлʡ
ŹһշӣΪУҪˡ
һ̣ȴо˷ӵĴȱ
ҪȻҲߡ


40 
᷿һ, ƺж֮ǰ˵Ҫ׳ȥڷ, ſڶûȥһۡ
Ƿµ᷿Զǽϲŷ, š
ȶ, ŷ񣬰š
ͷȴһ˿ͷû, ǵǴ㣬ݷ𲢲ܾǡ
ϣֻ, ΪƴһС
ֻǺܿ, Ժָ忡ף, ĺ, ײϵһ, ·а㣬ҪΧһжȥ
˫ʮһͷ
飬ͱƽɡ
ˣӦñһһ
ãſڴŲ, ű, Ϥ𣺡, 
筸Ͻվ
߹ȥ򿪷, , ʵɼˣ
, Ѹڷסһɽسǣ˵ͬһģ淽ȥá
筼Ѿ׵ͷġ
һ᷿ۣʵӣʱϢˣ
ȷʵЪϢҪҹӣ
֣޷ʲôҪ飬ЪϢˣȥҲ١
¹Ϸţȥ

һ᷿лɻϣȻһԣ˫ֺʮ
ϵͻȻڵ̫
ȻתͷлڣҲδ
šлӦЩ͵ˡ
Ȼ಻лʣױڷ³ңһȻȡʱ仰ĻȴֻǰȻһЦ
ʦңŻ޷ġ
лţû仰
Ȼ۾лº͵ʦңǸ᷿λŮʩ
ȻȻǻµ֣ĶʦǵԶʦ
ԶʦǴĵõʦ𷨾֪зʥ䣬ǾͨԣԶشķ̵伮
ķ48140
Ǻ˽δЩֻڻУǽЩ伮׳ȥͨȫء
˵ԶʦţŻ쳹
Ȼ׾ڻ³ңԶ޹۸˵պػɴ
δʧΪ츳ȵԶʦҪǿѾԣΪͨġ
ټϣʦ۫ӡ
Ȼڻµĵλߣһˡ
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зСС飬֪ûշ޴μɣǻԺɮȷ֮ͨл
ڷ棬Ҳǻɮһ֡
лڷ޵֮ǰҵ筡
ȳ筺󣬽ֱӴ˺ɽԺ˴;ʿżȻãɽعϡᱻ˴š
Ȼδ筣ȴ֪סŵһλŮʩ
ʦܲɳŵӣɣ̰ϲŮӣʦϧءӡ
лɱŵƣȴŤͷû뵽ʦһ֮ˣмýŵ֡
仰ͬǾ仰Ȼ̫һ㡣
˵ϣܽл½ĵˣࡣ
Ȼһ
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Ļǵһ
ǰȻδ˵ʵŮ
λŮʩǳƽŮȻᵽƽţ̲ס˫ֺʮϴı֮شİᵽƽʱĴмı񡣡
ƽΪ֮սǣλŮʩľһ̫áʦڴ˿̶ʩԮ֣Ҳдȱ֮ġ
лϸһĨЦ⡣
ᳰ
˵ʦ֣֪ױݡ
ȻһֱȻƽı飬һ̣һ˿ѿ
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µûлı飬ɫ᣺Ҧɽ˭뵽µҦɽȻԸ䣬ֻһŮ
Ȼ̾һʵӽλֻΪ˴У֪̽Ҧɽ䣿
Ҧɽųоγ֮ţ길ͻˣé®Žǳ֪ٵˣֻһˡ
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ȻעҪʧΪλҪڴ
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ԭһŲطֻط̫ԵҪϰ
ֹܵĹͲǱط
ǻµһλõʦԶ󣬵õĹ
ֻ̫ܣֻһ֮߸ܡ
ʱлܾ綾ΣڵϦβ̫ҽԺ˶ᡣ̫ҽ˵ɥͥɱ
Ϊʾ׺񣬻ҽ
ŪõõʥǣΣ
λĻʴȹͷʦվ˳
ԶʦһһҲ˭ĴȱģǱ㽫˷ϣΪ˹죬ȴ֮Ч
ΪѹҲû֪⹦ʵЧ
л˻£ڵԶʦָ칦ŹʱĪ֮ܡ
ʱлֻ꣬Ǳǰ
֪ΪԼҪӹаᵽ֮С
ǽ˾ǣˡеĶأƺѹסٲɣĸģ̫󶼸⿪˻¡
ֱ꣬ʱá
һʥȥΧԣһӣȥΡ
СľŻӣԼʦţһ
ֻΪжΣ֮ʣδΧԡ
ǽ˶ǣһȥΧԵлȴֳɫ֮ӲĹˣǳѰˡ
һ곤̫ӻҪࡣ
Ҫ֪̫ڰ
ϵУ˵棬Ľͳ졣
˶ھΪһֻоС¡
׵ĻʵۣԽݸĿ⣬Ƴο
۵׸ȴ˵̽
Ϊ£Ȼ֪ΪΡ
ʵŷʦ˵۫үӣǸǳ֮ˣܵù׻һɳ˷ֱϣΪ
ʦԣһһӦ顣
Ϊ֮ӣо綾ɲǸǳ
õԶʦԼðϾķӣΪġ
Ѷ
˷֮ϣΪ
Լ˸̼˻ʵۣģĪڵ
ΪǸϵĵλȨɱȨζ֮ǲԸ⽫еȨָһ˿һ
ҪһС
ȻҲᶢÿһԻȨвˣЩȨ¹٣ľԼֵܡ
Թֵȡ֮飬ʤ
ʵѣǻʵ۵ֵȴϼѡ
ûʵ۵Ĳ¼ɣ֮ȻҲǣΪҲǴȨеһ
лѱ֮УֻҪл۫ӡ
Զ޷ѡ
ֻϧʱл̫ף֪׾ΪΡ
ֻ֪ԼΧԳϣӮˡ
ȴ֪ȴһƽ١
ƭǸɮ˵պ£̨ͱι档Էδֱӳɱǽƭĵطһ̰棬صļ
Ȼ򿪻أһؼʱ˭֪ܼôá
ֻԼ֪ˮĺ⡣
ȴ֮С
Լգ˵һ֮䡣
лãѱ֣糹׽ҡ
Ҷԣһ֮ҡ
ͻȻһȪˮʯö֮ôϡ
лϣĬ
ʦо仰˵ļԡ
ˡ
*
ʱ¿л״һãԷ
¶ңл
筵ͷ˵ʵû֮ǰڷн̸һǴӷǼá
ʲô
筣ܽӿ֪
л˼֮ſ϶ҡͷҴδŹ֪Ǻ
˵Ҳֻ֪˵Ǵӷġ
һֶѣǵİ
л£ο˵ɣɽ֮ҴȥһˡھЩŵǾгĶ˵ͻ֪
ĵʧȴҲֻˡ
׼뿪ʱȻ֮ǰ㰢筣ͻ
һ
ͼлɫƽԭСơ


41 
վԭ, еľĸо
ֱлϸǳǳЦ⣬֪ԼǱϷŪˡ
һŰɡл˵
筻û˵, ˵ܽ飬ϸһ¡

ѽ˹ǻµի
筸п֮ǰдŮի, һδƷء
ʱһŸʱ, Ӷû£뿪իá˿̵, ϸϸƷ, ˵еĻի
ӣԻºϤ£ġ
лĿһͣںȴû, ˵з֮ŨҼг֮ˡ
ʵҲżгһģ
л˵ͷϸ֦ĩϣѡ
۫Ѿǰȥ, ˸ĸ, ԼҪڻһա
۫ȻҲû⣬ϾСڻ³۫, Ի¸ΪϤ
Щһֱھ׸ֵ۫ү˽Ҳ˵, Ӧǻת, ʲôҵͷ
۫, л
лĵĻ⣬˵뷽޵Ļϸ
֪ڰڣ״֣ҪϢ
ӦһҶˡ
˿̾ڣҡҷŧŧĻƹӳϣ΢գѩŧĹУɢԽġ
ˣǡ
̧β̣ű»Ĺԡ
˵֮£ǰΪ·ͻȻһʱң˷޵ĵӲҲ˵ˣұšҵӪô꣬ձȨҪȨı˽Ҫȵ񡣡
һһ˵ж͸żᶨ
˵ҾôҲǱһʱסȻῴĿ
ᵽǸǵһǾ˳߲ȥϾĸһսϢϢءлȻ˵
ɫЩ춯󣬵˵أ㵽ڻԸң
ȷлԼݣһᡣ
ѡ񳹵Զ鷳
ΪβԸл䣺սܣֻϵƽһˣдսʿǧǧ塣һսôʧȥԼĶӡסɷܸ֪Ϊΰɡ
䣬˺УҲܸħϣҳࡣ
û뵽л˵Ļһʱʯ㶨ԭأһ˫鶯ĺͷһαûҰ
ã̧꣬˫лϡ
֮ǰһֱͷǣҳսܵ࣬ҵһסȴ֪ҵ˽Ҳҵһ羪ˡ
ԣ֮սϵϵʿ֮
ֻҳܸ࣬ο˵Ӣ顣
лϸֵΣ룬α㵽һУҲΪ˲֮սࡣȻΪ˲࣬ĿǺΣʲôء
ȴ֪Ȼ
׷Ϊ˾ȵ
Ըһ࣬˿أٷƣ˵ﳯһʵȨɱ֮
ֱߵĲ豭лӣ˴޾ƣԸԲƣһ
һʲôûﲻˡл
ȴɾűӣЦųգգ۾γģӱѸ߹ࡣ֮ϣĶǡɡʬλزߣʤ˭ں߾Щʿء
̫һɺӶ漤ңǵó׷վӡ
ǷޣֻҲΪվĳλӣŻԼ顣
筶ڷ޵Ϊ˿û֡
޸ӣΪ˻λҿԸУֵǽ
Է޶ԣԼĴ棬ǿԱ
ԣлŶоƱ
Ȼҹۣ¡
⻰ĵ޶һɺײлıϣһ쳣ⰵҹԸһͬ
Ļ˿ȴĺɡ
*
ڶգ˲δһɽǴ󣬸Žڣһɽ
Ͼ˭Ҳ֪޵ˣ᲻ỹš
ڻÿڳɰǧﲻ
ǵͨδκαʶݵĶ
ϳ筺лڡ
˳ʱ֮ϣϼܲһֳϦԵø׳ǶϼС
۴αȵ¥ֳֵһƬһƬ
ǵǴӳ뾩ǣ˴ΪΪƽͷգ˷̻Ϣ̽һ֯һƽܰľ¡
Ϊ˷£лصشȥһװ
ڵڻ·֮һݰ׵ĿСӣȻ߳
κƽʱװʱ˭һСӵĿ⡣
ƫƫߵл㴩ͨ£˸ͦΣüۣһ
筵ͷһԼȻŮУΪ
ӱ϶硣
̫ģŮװ϶Ե֮㣬
֮ȥĵطȴ筴һ
ȻһҶĳ
л˶ĳ֮󣬴ŴССӣÿԱ߶ˣ²עҲһߺȡ
ƣС
żĽŮӣʸˣʱʱЦ˳ȥŮӲӵչԼķ顣
Щſĳģ¥Ůӡ
Ҳ筲װ̤ĳԭ
̫ӣ˼ҵĹǴ˼ҵѾߣ׳֡
筸лţ۾ȴڴš
Ȼˡ
ڴʱлŲסҲͣ£վߡ
δѯʣһ޴ԶһŶϵƾţ뱻ڵϣһŻɫѵӣ˫ͨ죺ܣǿ϶ǧ
伱۵ˣÿڶĳ棬ܿ
ֻΧ˼ֻ˶ûţȻǼĳ档
ܿԭվڶĳܵĸߴ׳׷׸ϵ
Щ˶ǶĳĻĳΪ£ÿĳֺܶ໤רŷµˡ
һоųߵĻǰͽѵ
ΧһЦΪ⻤ˣһֻСɡ
ڰȴһˤ޴Χڿֵˣͷһ裬ɫһ
ܿһģˣӶ¥
ⲽӵǰͷ£ĵ㣬ģ֮ǰ˵Ļ㾹һɶҪٸҵĶĳ£ҾҪһֻ֡
̧һֻţֱӲĵֱϡ
һ۵ֱл
ԷӲЬ룬ᶼ
ȻҲһС飬Ӱĳ⣬ܿջؽţһĮĶߵ˵ģӵ档
ˣ˳նһֻ֡
ıŵģ£˲С˹
筶ǰһĻ޸д
ĶĹĵҵ׶Ͼǲֵġ
½նһֻ֣϶֫ĵġ
ײ˶Ҫ
Ϊȵתͷ࣬û뵽лӵˣȻΪһĹ顣ΪлһۿŶĹøе³
뵽һԡ
ˣлҵˡ
ϾܽƫŵĶȷʵҲֻ֮̾Ż֪
λӣĳǲģǶĳĹ͡ҪҲģֻЩֵҲӦ
±ָĳһʱ䣬ͻɱɱ
лЦȻҲ磬ֻλм֮Ե
һ⻰Ͻ̧ͷֻ̧ͷʵĹӣȻûһ˿ӡ󡣰˵㳤ˣ˭ˣ̡
ԷģĵȻûģ˵Լʶ
ӣҡ˺ѷΡ
¼״ЩɡԻס壬˵λӸ£ҪܵӵСĳǲ
ҿԷĳȣֿԡ
Ҳû˷ŵţ˸ƣҪȥ¥ϸġ
һԣҪлСģҪ׸Էߡ
ƫͷлȻı飬֪ĵҲǶġ
ţֱл˵ϸı㲻ˣʹ˽ˡ
ЩҲסֱл߹ȥƺһµɫ΢䣬֣ܿȻˣվͿڹӵϣĽˡ
лףǳЦ
߻ĻſڵϣҪĳЩѣȥ𣿡
һĻװæ
һ˶ĳһֱ͵л筡
Ϲ֮筺лϳ֮ĹСһϲ̨ĶͲλӵ۾ͷá
Цһ֮󣬾Ա¡
Ц˵ͦɫ
ڳڵ筣⿴һۣսлѹʣӣ˵˿ɿ𣿡
ģԼ˵ĻԴյĸ
ǹƢ㣬ٴϮ
лƫͷͿ档
ֻǴϢҪҳϡ
һҲ
ͣһ¥ĺţڣѡһεİᡣȥ֮վһԣ¡
лҲû£ֻ̧һۡ
λӣСĿĶƣֺõ
лϣֻһϮɫü۵Ȼ䣬ʱʹӴ©˽ϣճԽ
Ĵͷٿλһ˷˵ˡ
лڣδ棬ֻھЩŵЩϢ
һһĵʱ¶ӡ
ûգֲԼģڵϻţеԼŵ
ԵûУ̽Ϣһ
ö֮⾩̾û֪顣
ĸϽʵӣЩʲôĴ⾩ûҴ顣Ǳסĵһֻ֣ǸͿأҲûһԹԡ
ˣ˵˻˵
лƽû飿Ǻã㣬谮λ
筣
ӣҪôƤ
ɫһƺҲû뵽л˵⻰ΣЦӣɱСȡˡԺ飬ֲСܴġɱ죬ţֱӰСԴժˣôĶ֪
лɨһۣŵ죬ٺ˵˵
֮ŵ˵ӣ˵ܳɣǱɵĵŮ
΢û뵽ôо֮Ȼ֪Ϣ
תͷлɫ糣֪ĲǺ˵˵
Ȼһ˲лٴοڡ
ֱֻ˵֪ܽ
Ӵ͵ؾһƺΪ̫⣬ʧ
ֻϧ׵筺л˲ɫı֪λסᱻС
һһէı飬Խ˳¶ӿҶˡˣֻʲô
˵ţһֽݵĿǣҪ˵ܽҩŷôҩ֮Чǿԡ
ͻȻĳƳһۣԳݡ
Ҳ֣ͻȻôԼ
ֻлһƽ˵
ĺٺһЦ˵ҩ˽һеľ磬һзպǳܼµĿֱ֡ܽΪҩ
л˵ܽȻЧΪھٶţ
ǹӸ߼һģ˵˵ҩܽһǳҲЩ׶ˡһ㣬ǵôҩˣԻҩ񫣬Ӵ֮͵ϼڣһͷ֮
˴筺лһۡ
˶˱˴е뷨
ҩ͸κʱΪתʯɢһġ
κˣԷʯɢΪ٣Ūκʱڽ֮ȻƳκǺȴ̸оʯɢĺ
ϾκʵǸֻڰʱսƵңһǵͳ߶Ը
˴ӴʼѪ̫.ʵۣϽֹʯɢ
Υߣű̡
ص֮£ʯɢһʱΪ˽ҩ
ϾʯɢĶһãסġǽг֪ˣֻҪȥٸһ״ɽץ֮УѪĽ㡣
Ѻٸҷʯɢ
ܽ˵ʲôҩΪ»ã޵Ŀ֮С
ĴʱͣҴܽ۸ʵǰԸͨ˽СΧȦС
筵⣬ֶ䲻ʯɢҩЧʯɢơ
˷߲ҹģֶԵҲȨӵָܻ̼֮Ǯǲ⡣
ӵˣŻǵĿꡣ
СΧܱܽĸЩӵܾãⲻһĶ
ֶεǸոΪƣ˶Է뷨
ж఺󣿡ʵ
£˵֮ǰڶĳʱʶһλ˼ҵĹӸ硣˵ܽ͸¶ҵġ͸¶ҵʱѾмҲ˶ǲɢȡһٽͷСʲô˵ˡ
üȻĶ̶֮أĻҪ
ȻĽĻӡ֤뷨
˵˸ĸȥ֮󣬲ҲǾкüլԺһ˵ĽԴ֮ܽһӽʱ䣬ͽļҲܵĸɸɾ
ꣿȡؼ㡣
ĵͷ£˵ɡ
ꣿ
ֳлһۣȻҲЩ⡣
ܽھãȻû֣˵·ˣҲû¡
Ͼҩ˵ʯɢûֹ
ֻҪֵ̫֣ҲûǸ˼ȥܡ
׷˵ںδ㽫ֻҪԼ֪飬ȫңҶ͡
ڸһ˿Ȼ뷽һֱֺûйһı顣
˵СӣֻҲܰùȥĴѩ
筺лϸȻ
ܽ罫ӹǶͿˣҼһʱѾݼƣݿ£˸ݲƵãŶҪˣȻҽӣһܽȻˣΪͬ飬˵Ȼ꣬Ҿ˵סԺʬΪ죬ӵڣݲˡ
筳һۣŹֵۿ㣬Ȼ˵ܽҩ
һڨϽ˵ⲻҲλͬСݣûƼ˵ܽʱı顣ֻҩҲˡ
Ҳԣл
һ仰ǰˮĵϣæİ֣ɲңСĿûǸӡС˵ƽʱҲĸСǮСǿΪҪλʳ⣬ֻ»³
֪ͺá
ҩ˵ʲô٣ϣ筿ֻҩࡣ
Ӷֵͬ顣
лޱģ䵭֪˭ҩ
ĺٺһЦ
ܿ죬лӻͳһƱ˫۷⡣
ܿҡͷ˵չӾңչӵء
飬͵Ƿ˵ôıꡣлƱǰ£˵Ϣıꡣ
ĵ׼ֱ
ĹӣƲͨӣֶȴ
֮£ĺ޲øлӡ
˵֮ǰλ˵ģ˵Լ˵˵Ļͻɱ֮һҳŴ׳һЩʱһֱһŷȪˣ˵Сˣʳܽ˼˵ô˲˹ľء˵ŷȪͬھ
ŷȪ
ʱͻӲ
Ȼˣ
Ϥ֣ɺ
ܿ죬лƱ뿪ֻˡ
лתͷʣŷȪʲôף
筻ͷĿ£ס˵֮ǰҼҿ֬ʧһ£йءҲ鵽ڹ֮һֱͷڹŷȪĹܼϵҽڹϳ֬ûʧˮˡ
㻳ŷȪģ
ͷֱ壬תȻ˵ҵ飬һˣһԽѪͳΪҹṩϣֻһ̼֣ȴȨཻ
Ǹξʱֻģ˵һǣԽˡ
ΪξУҲ󰸣˵
ԶӼΪģ
һ֤ȴĸо
ŷȪΪҪֶԸԼѵָֻܽʹģ˵ܽͨ޽ύŷȪ
ֻܽ类зޱбأ
һһʮԼĻɣ֪л
˵˵ֻܽΪ޵ĹϵʶŷȪҲ˵ͨȴûô򵥡
ΪΣл˵
筽ͣҲ֪ҴѣΪҵ֮ͻܽ籲ô˵ҲҵŮ㶼ģôܵ飬ѵͲܽҵ𣿡
лͷ
˵ܽ籵ŷȪԸոֻΪոĿ֬˰⣬ܽ²޹ϵ
ͻȻü
ܽ籣ܽ
һʱ䣬ҲЩȷ
лȴֽһԵĵ˹ĸ㣬ȫ˳ȥһ㣺ŷȪ
һ飺Ƿޡ
һڽȥܽ籡
ָɢĸ˵㿴㣬֮໥ģҲ໥ϵŵġ֮֮ͬɿ˳
筶ſ˰죬ͬ
ɻ󲻽⣬лҲδӣָӣ˵Ƕϡ
һ˹л˼ǣһһ˴ڡ
Ǹ˲Ǵ˵Ĺؼ
ʱл˵ǰǰѱһϴŵƣѾƣΨһûҵľĶ
筱ıһЦ
ǹӣܽǳƽС㣬ŷȪǾǴˣ˶ǣָʹǵˡ
л˪Щӡ


42 
ֱ˾ƹ, һԲԵء
Ľ, ΢ͷȻϢȷʵĵ׳˲١
Ĳ֮սлǣС
ʵĻԸΪƽ𣿱Ͼǣʼ, ¹ʿ, һӱеܺùһӳе
ڵǣӣʱҵ֤ݣҲδܻ㸸ף
ʶ̧ͷ, ۾, , ˾㡣
룬ԱС
ڲδƣЩ谵, ǰֻڶĸߴͦӰ
ٴƺɢŨɢĺڰ, ˵ȻȷʵϵĴڣǻҲһСҲҪ, г೯
̲ס˵ͷ
⻰ȷʵ٣ҵ֤ݣ»ҪԼĶӣҲҪô೯ư֮ڡ
ҵЩӣһ顣
һ, ȴ˼
лָЩӵ, ̫ʵ֮, ʵǻʵϲĻӣǰֵĻź͸Ӵ
ԽƴȴԽˮ֮ϡ
ϾûлʵܹԼȨԼҲԡ
ҲΪӶĻκȳӣиϽܵĲãγͥ飬̫һҶ״
ӵ˼ǣЩ֮䶷Ǽңһ㡣
ǣλӣ»ҪȴδԸλ֮Ѫȣֳʧȥϣ¶һζǷ񡣡
ҴͷȻֱֻҪҵ֤ݣرǬ
ĵ׵ⷬһ㱻ɢ
ǰ˵˫˫˿ŨĺڰУͷƱʱ貵ǿźǣɢĹ⡣
ĹԣޱȰġ
ʻ˴Լʱǵ˹ºͬ
һûֻµĸо
˭֪սͣͼԱһ𣺡ǳƹٵ
ǡ
λСֵܸ죬űǳƹߵСˣ̴֪ڳϣ
ǣԴ
ԷЦǾ׸ۣةСģˡ
лӳ濴һۣ׸˲̫ӣһ۾ϳԷȷʵǾ׸ۡ
õģ֪ˡȻȥɣ㵽
񣺡ǡ
̧ͷʱͻȻ˵ة˵¹شڲİӣԻЩȥ׸
һ¹ذӣ˵ѾӿˣԼȥͺá㻹ȥðɣϾ¹Ҫ
˵꣬лƿ
վ·ߵǸۣΪһۡ
лǸյ׸û£ȴǾ׸˸֮⣬˹עһλˡ
Ϊࡣ
̵¾͸пŮҪѼˣҪСʵûлģҪȻҪлΪ
˾׸Ű˼ӣΪɾ䡣
׸ʲô󰸣ͷһǷɸ
˼ͷһۣѼ뿪
ߵڣԼҵԺǰҪš
˭֪ƸԺţŰͱƿ¶һ˿϶
筵ģ͵ؿһ˲
վ⣬ڷķת뻹Ǿʹ˳ȥ
ͷʱӣĽֵֻʮԶ
ʮףֻ¾һǵ
Ժ˵ͻתһ˲䣬˳
֮ض
ͻȻԺͷ
һ·ϣڱ׷ɱǱΧԣ˿ûзء
˿ɫ׺ԺͷڶûŵƣһƬһһǰ
סСԺԺûˣһ۾ܿ
ʱ˵׿Ӧڼҡ
ʲôʱſڵԺӶ˩ϡ
ûǰߵԺŸľĵط׿ãġһ£ҵǰѿ񵶡
Һãѵڡ
񵶵ĵǱģɫ£ƬкһصԡˮĹѿϣϷͬĹ⡣
֪ΪΣԺš
筴ӻһɰŵġ
ɰĶӵõһֱڣδù
Ϊ˵ﲻ򲻵ѣʹá
֮ǰԺӣ̵޷ԷȰˣͻ
ûõģû뵽Уõ
ɰĶһڳ¡
ջһ磬յСԺ硣筵ĽŲΣë֪ôģһµſڡ
һ߿š
Ȼײ֮Уȴһƿһ磬ƽſڵĵ棬յѩ
ƿն˲ͱƽ筵Ĳ
˿ףܿͬʱĿѺɨȥһ˶Էѡ
ҲƮһ˿޷筵ĳȥ
ҪȰ죬ܼʱĵȥģֻ²ֻķ˿Դ
˵
Ϊ֮ĵУٴαƽ筲ٱأǻ㣬Էƴɱ
ܿ죬͸ˡ
ǸˣΪǱںڰУֵߣˡ
ֻһһο缲磬ǡ
ԷһѳΧһƬֻҪһˡ
խڣѽѷ֡
筵Ŀ񵶣׻ӣһΪ
ֻǼν֮ĵͻȻһ
ΪԷĵȻ磬ȴûҪȡ˼
ƺÿһεնϮ
ֱŽǻ𻨡
еĿܲҵӦ飬Ƭѩ䵽ϡ
˿ֻſ񵶵ĵ
һֱصĴϢ֮󣬷˵һЦ
˳ٻָĺ֮ǣСʦãĵС
һ̣ϸĻͣڶϣȴͬ޹ġĵδָ筵ĺȴѾջأԼǰ
ʯ䣬̼ļʸڵϵ
ŵһʸλãһǳĺġ
ֲСջֱۣڳµٴûڿɵ¡
ڰеӰεʦã㻹ɱҡ
ޱģ׶ǼҶˣ
㲻ǵˣСϰʱҸιеġӰһ̾
ⱻȼһƬǽ塣
ͷվһ˵ĸ֡
ͼһ¾װȷʵǰҹߵĺôš
ôңҿûҸ˫ƽ̯һ޹ģ
ߵӵƬԣһţƻľ񻨷һӡ
ƻľ̫ʦΣʮӣһš
໨ɴ룬һװʮ
Ŀɿڴһһ
ֱߵһƬǰ˵̩¯һǧӡ

ָվŵĵطʲô̩¯ôֵܼһǧŴϵĹ꣬һġ
˿ֲ̣ŷԼӻˣ
ȻִЩõļ۸񣬶ԼǮ顣
ţһǧֻвˣñܣȻ˸թͷϡ
˫ֱǰδͬ⣬ԽҼǧӡ
ֳԶԡ
Ǳˣ
˰ɡ
ղŲʧֿңڶûһӡ
ͷĬ£ͳһǧҸӡ
ͷת˵ҵ񣬶ûһӡ
Ŀ湻ҵġһϺӣ˿ȴЩ̱
ǰСͻȻ˵СѾͷ㳤ˡ
뿪꣬վСͷᣬȴԸ˵һ仰
ҪˣⶺŪʦãĲʦ˵һ仰
Сպ⣬ǧ֡
ֲʣΪΣ
Ϊ±˻죬Ϊλ̳ôѧ
ֹЦ˫ȼֵͬʱﳤȥ
ʱҲǴ졣
ٵϵ΢紵£ҡ֦·˵ټ
վԭأҲ仰˼
ֱ˵˵ˣ˾֮ҿδ֡
ΪΣηʵ
һЦ˽˵ǻǰ߹һαҪ


43 
ʱ, ׿ʵҵѾߺôˣ
İɣءָָԱӡ
筻߹ȥһ, һ, ְԼĴ, ׿, ڵϡ˵ıϢ, ƽȣȷʵֻǻ˹ȥ
ͼֿǽߣָָ棺ߵǲ̫Щ, ûС
Ϊ϶ˣֶˡ϶
׿Ĺ˽⣬ֻڸֵֻС
֣ǻԿҸղһСѾв, ҪΣգô㡣
ӣ׿Ĺ򲢲, һ·Ҵݵǡ
ᵽ̲סŨüƢ㲻úáǽǧȻ¶һ׺ơ
ʲôʱˣȻҽñ֪Ů֪ԼٲĿ⡣ü
֪ǵԼ, ȴ˵, , Ҷ᲻ܲԼȥ
ֱĻ, ҡͷ
Ҳ֪Լʦõ, ױݣƫƫδԹ޹Լĸ˵ŮӣʵӴǴӲʧִ硣
жȡһΪ
֪ڵŮھǣ£Ϊ˼Ҷ˻šΪ˼Ҽ޸˶үӵ֮гĲſһӵгϢ
ɫ
ǸĶ㣬ǸһǸǵ棬ǰ𸴣ǻɡԳƽ֮Ǿͻ˺ҡ
ƽƽھУΪǸ󣬶ΪǶбӻǵļ塣أһĳ£˭ܻ㡣
筳Ĭãһ̣أȡƺͬӦþѾϳ˰ɡôòҡ
ֵһ̣签֪屻ɱգһȥȡƺֳͬϳ˸ֵʱͬҲϳԼ
ֻˣδԷϡ
ֿЦһ͵ͻȻھǣ֡ҲΪ˽ݡñ˵֪Ĺϵһ˾ãүڽһŰ塣
ֵȷʵ޹ء
Ϊ筵ѧݣ̵筣ȴδס򸮡
ߴһСͯи֣סһΪСԺС
˵ֻһɽˮԵ˰㣬һſƾ٣ʿҫ档
ֵʱߣ筱źһʦ֡
ֻϧʦֵģЩΪϲ
ѰֻǰϷŪҲͰˣʱιУȻ˿顣
Ϊ޴ǻһССĺͯŵģһУȫǻӡ
£ĵͻᱻֵĵڵء
СֻһһεȥԼĵ
־ȻΪܣĶ˵ܿɣҪʦۺ죬Ͼʦӣ㰲ĵεεС㲻𣿡
һʼ筻δʲôִţôոһգŶǷı֮£ʼ
ڵ¸뿪
Ҳû͸⻵ʦڣҲûԼĵ¡
ֻǴʼԣ򲻵ѣõ˿Լõ
ʱһ۵筣˿õأ
ǾĵԶ޷ڡ
һ纮˪
񸵰ڽô꣬ǧλáǻϵˣɻľǸǣ塣
֪Ůһϵ
˭ֻ޹ϸء
筲δԸֵĽͷ˵֪ʦֵĹǣʵĵײδʦôòҡ
ԼҲǣôòһᣬ档
һһʱЩʱָпǱɴˡ
ǰȡƺͬУտʼûϳˡ
Ͼδ뿪ʱ筲ǸСŮͯģ
طʱװ磬һֵݸı䡣һֱʬ忴øƳ˶ߣֻ»ļϳ
˵仰󣬸δڡ
һʱĪİ
ʵʦ֣ھǿɼ
ҡͷδɽˮ֮У뿪֮Ĵɽˮ
ĵΣԴǰ뿪֮󣬱ٲ
ҪҲ֪üδ
û뵽ˣʦҲͬ
ʱֵһ£Ц˵뾩£ոŪ롣
筶Դ˿⣬ǽҪ٣ֱ׾١
ոĻϰ֮£Ǹܡ
Ͼ֮ǰ¶
ʦãǲþôվ˵ɣͻȻ˵
תͷһǽ壬ʣҪɾĵض£
ǰȥһΡ
仰䣬ְһ˲
筻һͷ΢תʣҵôˣ
δԸԼε顣ΪΣǵʱεӣҪӡ
εˣ͸¶
ְοȻүȷʵЩͷضδ֮е˴һһΣͬסһҡ֮ǰҲԸεˣ࿴һЩ
ллʦ֡͸ֿ
ֱһл˵ЩЦҪ̧ͷҪԴŷִ˿վǰĹǸϸĴ
УǸɰСŮȴҲòǰ
ãʵʦ֣ǽӽ̡ʥ϶ҵİӣδ㣿
ôӴ˵Уʵˡ
кδ㣬ǷҪ׷鵽ףֻ
ֵ˵㲻Ҫ̫ģ黹δĵزϾְ˲ء
һ
ְ˲ȷʵǿı߽ˡ
һֱĹϵսսЪЪʱʱɧŴı߾ٴ߾ׯɧű
ˮӵ壬ϵ塣
˱ֵǿǵãһһϵһǼһ˵ԳƼǧ˵Ӫ
ﵽʤࡣ
ôһֱӪػ߽ս
ս񱻴ԼϢֻͨѾõϢ
˵Ѿ
һٴηģĽӪ˧֮λ飬Ӫ֮ʿ䣬³͢ʱ˧ȥЩʿķ
ֻµʱһҰܡ
ҲΪҪˣԳж̬ȣһΪɡ
һϣװȥӪıȨͽ׵ı¹Ϸ֡
һ֣һֱǿ
ʤ˱ҳ£ֻҪһӮ±֣ͬ˺һ⣬Ҳ֪ۣ֪ܾС
Ҳ˫ִݣİӣٳûнչ
*
ڴ˿̣һͥԺڡ
ֻһԸӰǰĹܼңһ·鷿Ϊᳵ·ɼ
鷿ߵǰӣ
¡
û뵽˼ӵˣݡ
ɣɫˣΪλҪǰ֮ˣƽ
ֻͨһ£ڵϣ˵£ȾϳǲСӣڻΪ״ײ۫ӵ¡
ԭλɣǱ̵¡
Ҳ֮ǰڻ޶˷׵׵Ҳǽղŵ֪ڻ·顣
Ҫǣ֮ǰŹŵ£Ϊ˻µȻʦ
ӵ¸浽̫ͻϵĸǰŻӻ㣬ûųء
֮ǰĵӣһ¡
ǿʹڵİǱһ仰˵ͽǸ갾ıɣȡ
֮ǰڹΪŮصش
˵ھУܵ˭ͷһ㲻Ҫλ޳ӵ¡
лӤһ۫ӱųģϵλ£ȻЩ̵µĵС¡
̵ֻûĨڨЦȻþ۫ӡ΢һ´ϻ̫ĶУʱһ׮С£ֻҲֵĲɿϳźƤ¡¿ڣϳԼ䡣
޷ֻЩС°ˣӤǻЩ档
̵ų׷ſġ
ǧл˼֮󣬱뿪
һߣ֮ɡ
ֻһһװĸߴӣ紦˳
̵µĻѾ˰ɡ֮˿˵
ߴף£̵µСųʵڲá
֮ЦһȻ֪С󣬱Ҳûָʲôôô
ǰ̽ӣ˵СүΪΪŹ֡
ߴӵͷȷʵ̽ӻر˵ƺȾˡܽƺʱμ˽¾ۻᡣ˻ƤǮ
˵Ȯӣ̵´䵨СȴҲϾϧӣֱһǴϾҪϴôˡ
ǲһֱ鲻⡮ܽӣҲ²ҲǸ̫Ӹ磬ǼˡҲ÷ȥˡ
ߴƺе㲻̫ʣкδ㣿
̵²˵лӤһС¾״ʺ̫ĶУǳӤ̯һ£˵ʺ̫᲻أ
˼ǣǽӵ֣ܽͱϸǰû飬˭ǡܽĻʹ
ֻǸߴɻԣ֮ҲЩСףΪ״
ء
ߴһ
֮۵¶죬˵۫ڻ½ɵĶӣˮʩŰǳһ׮˾ֻҪϢھдԳӤػӰ졣ҸһԸȫµչ֣ζӤһһ̫ڣ˼ҿʵʵƫġ
ʲôأλôӰӤʱ򸸻ʱػɽ׵򡣶ڡܽϹ֮£ֵܽǰиڣγҲǸĻ֮ء
¼ƻܣܴôһС£ܽƵǰֻܰһλ𣿡
̫ӣ
ϾܽλӣǵҲû
֮ЦԽֲҴŵĶ˵Խù⣬Ϊⵥֻһζҩʯǰ׻ܽ۸񰺹󣬹ھ֮бѾôãطˡĻ֮˿ֻܽѾ׬¼ӡ
˵±һλӣıȡô
ߴԺ˸֡
ı
ֻµʱĻ֮ˣûı֮ģҲȻǰٿĪˡ
ߴٴι£ȻŲߡ
ˣǰҵӣҸʱ·ɡ
ǡ
*
⼸ն絽ո
Ϊ˵ҪԼոÿնҲһַʽðɡ
ҪʱͼںԺЪϢŮġ
һСڷгˣŰɼλӵԸ϶𺣬˵׼رϲŰɱء
Ӵžء
˭˵ء
ǱĵģҲ֪˭ȿ筣Ͻվ
Ƿ˵ʲôʵ
ʼ˵ŮϽӰƹģūֻ˿˵ĻļѣҪ
޷ǱЪϢʱ䡣
׷ʵҷ˵ʲô£ӵ£
ƺȷʵǶϢȤҪѰǼ鷳СŮϽƹģūҲֻ˽ڵĹġ˵ҹ˼ҵСӺö˶˵ľûˡ˵ԭǰȻʦʱλС£Ҳ֪ô۫ӵ¡
˵λ¾˽СӰϣˮУСֱֱţŸջؼҾͲˡⲻգһغˡ
筲죺ˣ
ǻı̧ģ䱻ŵòᣬҲڱɡ
ѽַˡ˵̫̫ǰϲСӣҪ״ء
Ǹɫߵӡ
վз֣֮ˡ
û뵽վˮ㵹ϡ
ΪڳˣȻǱλӵĥġ
ȷʵͷȴδҪ
ͻȻãڤڤ֮ƺʲôµı


44 
û뵽, Ȼ󲨡
ҵĶҹûģ˭֪һ磬ʹǶ֪, ֵǷꡣŮ, ۷׷ס
׿ȥ̽ô¡
׿ȥһ, ԼʱֲŻ
һ, ͷ󺹣Ͻ˱²裬һȥſ筣˵ȷʵˣ˵ҹ, СԺ, ͻȻͲˡҹ˴, УûȻ
ǹ۫ʲô£ʵ
׿˵˵СԴӻ»֮, һֱԲڴ˵Ǳλ¸ĥ²˴
ü
ĵ׸һͷôܡ
ǰŮ˵ʱ, ΪŮӼ, ׽š
׿ȥ̽һȦϢ֮󣬾Ȼ˵ЩŮĲ, Ǿ˵Ƕҥţ۫ӽСŰĴš
筲ԥ, һװ
׿ʣС, Ҫһͬȥ𣿡
ҡͷ, ׼Լȥͺˡ
ܿ죬ڵ̺ŴţϳϢ뿪
һ·ʻ˵طͣ£˵һ
ƿ³УֵߵС̯ǻ̧ͷԶ׸ŵĴžǰ
ֻſվŵۣݣ˲׿
תͷһ۲ԶС⽵̯߹ȥϰС⽻ձ
ϡϰӦ
̧ͷʱͻȻһӴСֵܣ㰡
ϰ嵹Ǵģȷʵ˫Ŀ۾
ָ£˵鷳㽫С⽣͵øҼҴ𣿲˷Ըȥ飬ҵ뿪
Ȼԡİɣ̯ʮ꣬׸ĺܡ
ЦǮʱصض˵㡣
ܿ죬ڽֽǵš
ȻϰԼŮ⽺ձͽ׸Щ۲ûʣСЦЦ
ֵƬ̣Сˡ

ĵһЦû뵽ⷨӾȻˡ
̯ͽȥӶ˭͵ģֻҪСһԼģӾͻˡ
Ȼ߳ˡ
ֻ߳۾ȴڽϸѰš
ֱ筵Ӱӽ˳˸Աߵľ¥
ӵ壬Ҫһ֮󣬻ص˿ӣڻƣӣֱӽá
ƵʹͣЦĴӦ
ڰںһ裬űƿ
Ƽлһ˲ĵƽ
ӡվỽһ
лºʵʲô飿
־ǫĶӣͻȻڼбϢ筼ʵ
лû뵽ҴԼȻΪ¡
л棬ͷ
˵Ҳɣ뿪Źʱ븮ةˣо׸ļλͬһ£۵ľױ֮¡
ȵδ⾩ֵķзһҪҪƵǾ׸ͷϡ
漰Ĺ˾Ⱦ׸֣ϱ̲ߴ¡
˵˵ôͻأ̵´Ϊ׸繦δֻ󲻳µųԸǸ˭֪ġ
ٲǿƣҲ˾׸ھǣǸСġ
˭۸¡
һԵĸةȰˣ񲻹ЩоҥԶѣҵСȥ۫ӵкιϵ
ûδģͲ˵ӵ»Сˡ
̵ϰԳ˿һȦл˵ƹ٣һƶϰ˵˵¸Σ
ˣδǾ׸޹ϵлϣˮ
̵˵ҪĵұǿɾˡʱܵҺ͹ܵ۫ͷǵﲻġ
ŵľ׸ССԱҲһͷ
Ϊ£Ϊǵĸˡ
С²˵ĸ࣬ҶδųϢǷҪ׷С֮˼ҳˡ
ͨгһлϵ
̲סǻл˵ˣҾóƹ˵Ĳ޵۫εѫСѾûˣҲ벻Ҫ۫үҵĹ˾ĴҲֵǰϡ
ǣǣ֮ͨ
ˣҲġ
̵±ôһοƺɲ٣ɫҲƷǰѿ
˼״Ҳǻ˸⡣
Ҳ֪˭˵˵ǸСӣֻϢһҲϧ
⻰˵ͷӦ͡
Ǿ׸ˣճҪǷ飬Щӵܣš
׾֮һ
һԲм˵ȥ¥ΪһԴףݼͽԷ˸Щ¥һѻšҲûֳҪȻƽ³ҵ³ǵӵܣҲۼ
˭˼иý㣬ں֮УʥŨ
һЦʱûǵǵλ۫ӣĸ浽ǰʥϻӵ¸ɣ
˵ʥŨֻǶûλȰɡ
Ͼ̫谮ﱲλ¡
ϱǲɮ棬ҲҪ档
ӵ£ǵõʥɮԶʦĵӣôƫִСˣʵ
СȻССͣɳﲻ¥ݣǡֻӹͱͿգǱӵŻŻ˵ҪС
˵ӵҲ֣֮ѵѵ˭
ɲǣ鷢ȻʦķϣⶼѾȥա˵лʲôء
˵£һһ㼺
̵´ˣˣǾ׸ǶǸͬţԼˡЩ˵Щ˵Ҳ֪浱ǰ衣
ᵽ˷׷׳Ĭ
ô֯˭ǲ

û뵽׸ͷȻҲ̽¡
Ȼлûϸ˵˵ǣǰڸУͬѾĹ¡
׷ʣδ㣿
л̧Ƴһۣɫ΢졣
˵ҹĴΪ۫ӳͷʱҾֳ˵»Щϵ
УǴȥҴ㣬˭֪·ϾףʱΪͬһ㣬һֱ׷ҡ
˵üƺôĳ֮ǰδע⵽ĵط
ǽ˵ȥ֮۫ӱ֣ΪȻʦķᣬӵڻΪ״Լߵͷӵ˽֮󣬵ˮСǺܿϰҵʱϰ֮ȻЩûд󰭡
ڻؼ˼֮󣬻ȻС
лšü
ͻȻץסڣ˼ܽ
һĵС紺̧л۾⣬УΪ״Ƴ̬ʱӵƺѵ˽ҩҩžǡܽ¸ӵµĳͷ޹ء
׵ġ
лһСͻȻ˵ܹλ۫ӣ
лı飬ƺЩ¶
ͻȻᶨҡͷǡ
ֻش֮ϲδ¶Цգѵˣ
ӲΪֹλӵ¶Դס


45 
СĴл, ͼУߡ
лܿ۾һ鵭Ȼ
, ֻǾ۫Ӱңǿ, Ҳر̧л, ԼΪżԭ
лüٴš, ˵ǳ۫ӶȥΣҪݺҲķӡ㲻ӦΪ, ԼΣ֮Сʱ, ҲǷܻر
лᶨ֪Լݱ΢, йءܱ󵽵ʲôı, Թô֪Ұﲻæء
Ӧçײֳ嶯ľ, ƫƫл, ȴһɡ
Ϊȷʵ顣
ǰ̫, ҲӲ
ĵƺԶһƽ, Ǹƽ֮ϣ״ӱȡΪһõ, ͻĿܻرԷ
ĳ, ˶ݡ
Ѿ֪ˡ֮ܽ, ʹϲ𡣡
л, 筷οҲܽ, Դͷܽ
׿Ҵ̽ŷȪϢиׯݵļݻǶ԰ӡŷȪҲʱׯ԰ڣٰ˽ᡣ˵ἫΪأֻ֪ŷȪóϵƷ
лԣʹ
筼˵һٰľۻᣬܽйءϾܽĶʳ֮˻ᴦڿܺͷ֮״ڱĵطʳֻͱ˳
ҲֻԼ˽ׯ԰Уڡ
л̧ᶨã½ҡ
ӣ㶼δҵļƻء˵
֪ҪУǶԷȻ˽ᣬ϶ϲÿ˵ݡŮӣҪʮֲס½ҾС
û뵽һº͵лҲôһ档
ЩҪ磬Ϳл͸Ų๡
аɡ
ûټ˵ʲôеǷӡ
л˳סģΪԼ˵
*
筻ȥ֮󣬺ܿ׿ԭվŷȪׯ˽磬˵ѾвٶׯĹģС
Ͻ׿飬ׯķӡ
ҲûøָԼһݣŮ֮ŮװǱ̫ϸ
ׯֵᣬ»輧
Щ輧۾ɶĺܡ
ɴͷ
ߵлȴ̫һּܲʹ
Դȥ˾׸֮лȷʵкЩʱδ빬˷̫ټȻѡ
ֻǷһ빬Ȼ˼λӡ
л誡ĻлԼлţ˿Ǵǰ
Ӥˣǰȥĸл˵
л˵ͷ
Ļӻһͬ
лһۣ˵ӤɫžЩ̫ãʲôգ
⻰ָˡ
һԵлüлһۣ˵ҿӤɫãĸ㿴˰ɡ
л볰ĿһлţһЦܣӿ湻ģǴݡ
˵꣬һﳤȥ
Ӻлˣվһ
ллѹе˷ǻĸ빬𣿡
лӦš
˵лųྐྵлмƣʵ۵ĶӵУûͬĸĻӡǵлȴлͬһճ
˽ڻʼұԷԺӶһ
ԭ꣬ǳʱǺĴ̫ͣЩȵòǻϴйԼһ
̫СӺСϱÿҪ۫Ҳһš
Ϊ˷̫ҽչˣ㽫λиٽԺӡ
ڷĻӳлʴݣڳǻӣɼлѹһͷ˵ʱֻһٽ
֪ӳΪĻκ
һ˿
Ϊһ̫лڣճ˲̫ǻϣл̫ࡣлӣܳĲӡ
ֻлŴδֹлҲδֵǰ㣬лõ̫͸̫ذݡ
ֻ£ƢԶмͶ
յϣлλܻлٽ
⼸վ֮ҥ䲻⣬ҲݣϾ˳ɻлѵ
лЦҲ˵ˣ
лͬһЦٽȻǸܻ˵ġ
ͷ̫ӡӺĻ⼸λ磬̫ӵλֵҳӺĻֱ곤볯ʱ
лڳУһ
¾лĿ
Я̫޹֮Уյſڣ˵ȻӺĻһ
ֻſ̫ͨ࣬۫ӣӵ
лȥͼ׵̫󣬼Ӥˣյĸ¡
̫ףƼлһ˲ϵЦ뷽ŲͬõµĶκˣĵͬʱһ
С̫̫Ӻл̬ȱ׺
̫󣬲ƫ˶๡
¾ƫΣ겻Ҳƫ̫һˣȥ鷿ĻǵĹʱӲһʡ
Ψ̫һˣʣᡣ
ЩӲĵطȻǣ̫һ̫ͻƫ޿ɺǡ
ƾʲôлһ֮ӣҲͷϡ
лȴδǰ֮󣬵Ҳδĸһ
ֵˣһֱ׺񡣡̫Ц
ѵܹУϲĵס
֮ϲЩֻǱģҲԸ롣
лŶ̫ڲעԼҲ˿ûԹԣֻǴԼλá
˭֪û˵仰ͻȻӣмͺ֮
̫üô£
иִ˵ͻȻӲʣҪεˡ
ղŲǻúõģ̫¶á
ԭӺĻʱмλ̫󴦣һ⼸λֻܻرܵҡû뵽λɽȥû֮󣬾ͽлŶۡ
ּɫαĹŮ˵ĻϽ
̫˸Ͻȥ̫ҽ
εôö˶˵ģӲء
һԵֵصɵĹŮ˵Щš
ȣ̫ɫͳȰкŻĶ
̫ϲ𣬶Щ֮£ΪΡ
ִ˿ȴһֱ첻˵
̫ϲôֹģ˵˵ô¡
̫ˡū˵ֹڵϡ
̫ü㾡˵Ҵǡ
̲סлһۣ˵ɵĹŮ˵һӵˣŵɫףʹ̡
̫һòʣӤкιϵΪһӤ֣㺦¡
ȴҡͷ˵
㻹ʵ
л˿׵λȴͻȻף̫ǰ̫һ
ūҲСŮ˵ģ˵ǰɵҵܵܣͻȻڼбж֮Ի㣬Ϊ֮ǰڻµķУӵµ裬ؼһ֮󣬾ͻȻ
̫𾪵ĳֿһۡ
̧ͷл
һԵĶĸЩоҥ԰ˡ붨Ȼ˳ӤӤ϶δ顣
Դ֮󣬾мŮ˽͵͵˵ۿ۫ӣ׷ˮУˮ硣
Щ
ĻлգȴһЦ磬Ҿ˵˲㣬óӤԸ˵˵
̫л۵͸ɻ
л˵̫ջ֮У˶෱ӣֻºܶ඼ǲʵ֮ԡ
л΢ãŵĸʦַᣬڷзýҩΪЩײ˷ᡣ֮£Ż˽ûˮУѡ
ѽﵽͷˣҿЩ˾ǻĲͷ̫󱾾ͲţлͣȻһֲɡ
֪Ӥӣز֮¡
ͷɵ⸹ʹ湻ʱġ
̫ǧϺ꣬οɵС˼
˽ɴӣŭ˵˭ڮ
̫ڮӣֻһ뵽ԼĵܵܣССͣδ˫ʮӹڣôȥˡ檵ĸĸ׷ͺڷˣĵܡ
̫ȻܵܵϧӺθɡǾȻھ֮ڮӣõ
̫Ҫɵʱ̫ҽɸϵ
Ҳ˳Ƶ˵ϡ
̫Σֻֽ˽̧֮У˭֪ûһ̫ҽػϲ̫ϲ̫С
˽һ㶡
Ӹɫʷ׳ʣϾ˭û뵽ԼˣȻиܵܡ
̫Ϊˡ
Ǵ⣬Ҫͷɡ
˭֪Ȼ֣¿ǲ𷣡
̫˽˹ʵ۱ڷѵ볯£̫룬˵ﻳУ˹
ʱ̫⣬ſĲѵģֻõڵȥɡ
ʵ۽ȥɣȻǺһֳͨ
º̫˵ϲӣǼ˵顣ֻɸϻôһ飬ҪϾϡ
ĸ󾡹ܷԸǣҾϡ
̫ҲģµӣɣЩģųӤһɱڵлֳ˵ųӤ֣㱻ˡ
˵ЩãָϽڣȥ˵һ顣
ʵۣ֪ܵǸӣǵСҥҲҽӤ⺢ӸԵֻЩԴУҲ⡣㲻ҥԣ˺Ӥ
󳼵ӵܱǺε㶨Ҫ鵽ס
¡һΪ£Ͻɫĸģ⼸սҲյϢޡѾ£ԩӤ
лף䵭Ȼ
ĵȴ˿ûһ˿ϲá
¿𣬿ȴףԼǸ˵ӡ
ΪԼִˣΪӡ
΢һ˿Į


46 
µա
׵ĺҹͷкµ, ӳճһƬǳǳİɫû˰ķžϸС޷Ŵ
Ůӹ뷿, ǱجνȾ޷ѵСС
δ, ٴνС
ļ, ¡ʮһ, ³һ֮ʱ䶼Ϊ˵֮
һˣۿžҪڣ⾩˾ȻûˣϿô죿˵öŷȪ, ûõء
ŷȪΪʲôŻᱻ˵˶ԼĲ, ˸ĨӵĶ
ɱ˵һȻе㲻š
ô˵ôׯյһ㲻ʣ, ûʲô, ˵βΡʧ, ôڣŷȪȻӲ
Χ˸˼Ρ
ܿ죬һת, ǹٸӲ⡣
ⲻǸǰɱ, ŷȪеĲҵ, ôͻȻˣ
˭֪, ֮ǰ˵, ˡ
϶Ǿʲô֮, ˣǸϽ߰ɣ￴֡
ξеԽģ
޷ѵУҲϽ
͵ۣͷ
һƬ֮У߻˻ŷԼĴϣǰǰ㣬ڽϡ
Χõںڰ֮УҲܱϳ
ȷʵԼķ֮С
һ󣬷ξе֣ٴθԺС
³һŷȪıׯա
ʮգŷȪׯٰ˽ӡҲ˵տ϶ʲô飬ŷȪĻ֮ˣòӡ
ΪŷȪ¶
ΪΣĵû˯⡣
Եڶһϣ׿˵ҵŷȪׯ;Ƶӣܲ뷨Ҳ棬ׯ֮С
ǶŷȪıׯüգճͲ˺Ͷȥ
ֻЩǴŷȪԼׯ͹ȥˣѹû취֡
׿֣֮ŷȪӾһҼΪľׯΪԼ˽綩ơ
Ҿׯͳֵĵط
׿˵С㣬ŷȪҲգô򵥣ׯӶȻΣ֡աȥһ˰ɡ
û취ͣҪûξȷʵСͼ֮
ǽ֮ׯͻ᲻ڡ
ܾܿͻԼҵ֤ݣϴԩĻᡣ
ΣգҲȥԡ
㲻УҲ˵ˣׯɭϡӣЩһİ˿صĸϸ񡣷Ҳһ˵ŷȪΪдЩ˽ĹͣصЩ˹ڱׯҿԼٰٲԺ϶Ů
ҲԼٰŮ
ΪŮԺܻܶŮӡ
׿Ȱ˵ѶҲûбķӡ
ǵʱ׿һȥ˾ׯ˵ط筿ϤףĻ
Цôڴ˴
ȥҲġصظԭӦ;Ƶˣ˵ҩû취ȥ;ơǰվͽģΪ֣Ա˰ĴӣȱˣǾͶˡ
签֪׿ϸ緢
û뵽ôܣǰվͰԼ˽
ܽ˭ҪȥŷȪׯ;ƣᱻŵĻ滻
һͬǰׯ
ĺʣȺɽϼƺʱԵ߽غһԭ̵ɽ壬ԡһƬĺɫ֮УͶ׳
ŷȪıׯھǽ⣬ɽˮ֮
ǴӰɽ£ͿɽµǴׯ
Ӹ¿ȥʱׯռ˵ԶܿԺмıݵø⻪µ԰ӡ
ȻǵֻͣרߵĽš
ΪׯŷȪׯѾܾãſڿص⿴˼֮󣬾ͽ˽ȥ
筴˿˽ʸĵײһӣڳϡ
Ժֽ֮ԼϵĹҹȡ¡
Ȼһë㣬ڵϣֱͷ׹ȥèվԱߵһСš
筲ֱϷ·Ҳ˻
֮ǰ̽ŷȪׯ˵Ĵţ֪ŮǴǳɫѣ˿ϴŵľһǳ̡
ǰܿһСԺӡ
С
￴һۺ󣬷Ǹ
ǵǹ;ƣӦȥ˾ƽѣ⸽гҲ֡
˿ԺСѾˡ
һѾߵҼҸڵǸӽ㱻ȥźٹ˵ٹＫүЩϲӽ㶼˺öʹ͡ҵڻֻڳӶ
һѾ߸̾һ˭˵ءӵλʮҹЩҪµѾߣҪҲȥԣ
ߵѾߣǸˣģѡ𣿡ǰѾ̾
èǽ£ǵĻ
ȴԽԽ֣ôоⲻ˵ıׯһŵ¥˹ء
⵹
ЩŮӱȥţС黭̵һĴҹһ㡣бЩ㣬ѧ˵
Щ֮ʱֵǧ
ǧ
ŷȪԼԷУЩƯŮӣ
ѵֻΪ˽УдԼЩ
һŮӾ͸ûѲСׯУŲٸ
ĵͻȻãԼ˻û
ûһͼһģ߹ȥʮҹԺһѡûθˣǲԶָڿǰݡ
ԭ˵СѾߣϽۿġ
֪˶ãͼǸСѾһʳ˳
筸Ͻȥ
С鿴ܣҪǰСҪֹΧл֣һ·ͣͣû˸
ŷȪׯȷʵ̫ЩЩŮסԺڵԺļԶ
ҹԺǵţΧĽ䱸Ȼɭࡣ
ÿԺſڣ˿ء
СԺΧǽԿһֱۣסǽڣȥ
׿ıڻǽ򲻴Ŀɸ
СԺͼһѾߴӳСŮӹǸʳСֻϧǸѾ߸÷ţ洫һͷҶ˵Ұţȥ
Ѿҧ촽Ȱ˵ү˵ΣҪȥǱݡǲԶĻʱӻܲס
ں档
Ѿƺִֵ֪ӣҲȰ˵ֻýʳзſڡ
ãԺﾲġ
ȻԺϢߵſʱƿš
ֻⷿţ֨ѽһ졣
ƺôһ죬˷ӦֻΪԼѾߣһǳȥ𣿡
һ𣬷ŮӾ˲Ծ
ͷҪͼſ˷Ӷ㣬ֱӽץУһסͣһĲ
ŮӾֵǰױ
һ룬סˡ
ΪЮģǸŮӣǸһڼ޶µʮҹһ˲䣬᲻գ۾Ůӡ
˵ֻ㼸⣬Ըգգۡ
ǲԸĻԼƣʮҹĲӾһ֮䡣
ʮҹƴգգ۾ƺ
ɿŮӵĲӣȴûſԼơ
ֱŮָָƣ£ɿ
ֻһɿʮҹЩ
筣
ǣ˵ʱ


47 
ҹɫ, СԺΧģׯ֪ʱ˵˿, Ĺγ£һƽ֮
һװʮҹ筣˺;ޣȻûк¡
Ū筲òͲɱ㣿
㳤, ôǰЫĳ֮ءʮҹɤɴƮ
Һױλá
Ĺģ, Ը˻ԵԷ
ֻϧǸŮӣǸ޾Ůӡ
˿üƽʮҹ˵㲻ܸң֪飬ҾǸЫĳˡ
ʮҹְסԼؿ, , ĵ, αҪôŻūء
ŷȪǲһֱڷܽ, װɵȥֱʵ
ʮҹɫ΢
Ϊ֣ܽܿñ, Ц˵￴б
΢۾ֻԷ, һذ׳ġ
һ̣һ˿Ӱ¡
ֽ˿ץУ΢˿, ɴ˫ʮҹ, ѹҪٸҶȦ, Ϊʧȥġ
ذʮҹĲ
еķذףůƵεӳ£ɺ⾡ԡ
ʮҹ̾˿˵ǣȪүһֱܽܽȪүԽģҾ˵ܽԭϣֻԽСܽȪүṩ
筵óԼҪĴ𰸡
ʵܽԭôԽ͵ǵģ
ֻȪүԼ֪ˡʮҹʼ硣
ֻذ׷һϾһǳǳĺۣҪ㣬ֻ¾һѪӡ
ʮҹףǰɲ˵˵
ٲҶ
дĿпӪ߱ˣʡ
޼Ȼ˵֮£ͿʼӪפرУŷȪᣬܽԭ뾩
Դֺ֪ܽ󣬱²⵽ⶫԭϣֻҲǽҩܽء
̫.治ʯɢҲֹԽȷֵİܽء
ΪǰϵֳӣԽСȻ㹥ռǰĴƬ֪ԭǲپнʿȾԽһֲҩֲҩƳɷĩʳ񫣬ʱ䳤ˣήҲ
˵ֻ̣ᵶˡ
˵ǰ֮֮ʦҲ
أ㱻ԽСˣ̫.ϽĶ
û뵽Ϊ׬ǮȻĽҷ
筴Ų뵽ǶϵԭϲĶ
ǳຮ֮أؽῸסջ󣬱ŷȪ¡һзӪĵλǱߵؽ󿪷֮š
ʮҹ˵ĹûСи˵ĵڱ١꣬ǲСĹԱء
ףͻȻ
ʮҹɴ۾ѽһλӡԭҲʶ˵Ǳɣиڹﵱ
˵ţʮҹḧǰĳԹ˵ӣǰ˵ϲңҪңС˭֪Ҳþûˣ˶Ǹı֮ͽ˵Ļܵġ
赭дѾˡ
Ȼȷʵֻܿ˵˵ˣҲǲŮӣͷȥ
ʮҹһȣȴ
㿴񲢲Ǻܾȡ
ʮҹЦһеģ䱻ȪүׯϣҲƤ⡣Ŀˣֻԭڵ¥Ҫء
ΪǶʳܽ
ʮҹָ˸һͷ˿ļãŸŲ˵סԺĹҪصĵһؾǣǧҪһҩҪȻš
ָڿһתָԵø
ô֪
һ仰ǵĹ䡣
筵û뵽ʮҹĵطȴص̨
ӦΪȪүɡҾ֪㣬һջз磬޷鷳ʮҹƺ£Ũ
ƽʱûĻᣬԼɡò˸İˣذ׵ԼĲӣôһܽصĹҲûôƽˡ
ղˣΪǮ̫ˡ⣬һ׬Ǯʮӣ˲á֪ܽĶ˼˵Щ˵ļʣ󶼵˭
ʮҹı飬ضֹ졣
ŷȪ˲
ʮҹ̧ͷһ̾ˣܸҲǸڸϵˡ
˵ģҲŷȪ谮ġ筵ذ׽˽
ʮҹһЦתͷ筣ҿģδ˰ɡֽģֻ¾˵ĳ谮ʱһûˡ
ǰиӣҲΪңնҪׯ˵иĸѲȫƾһ˵㡣¾ȢңҲ˷ԡĻȪүȢҵ顣˭֪ȻҲˡ
üͻȻ˵˲ңͷԺļɽ֮¶԰ɣ
ʮҹЦ⣬ͻȻһ١
Ŀ筣ȴЦ
ξΧ۵˵ŷȪıׯǴ԰еļɽʼģ˵յԺҪһʱ䡣
Щ˶ڲ²ŷȪΪûܵ筶ڴӼɽ㣬֡
Ҫ֤ݣﲻŷȪ鷿
һ˵ײ鷿
ղͻȻôһ仰ҲֻҪթһթʮҹ
û뵽֪
ŷȪĹϵĲ򵥡
˵˵ӣû´ĻӦѾˡʮҹƭԼˡѹͲҪʲô㣬ΪѾ
˵꣬һʮҹĲϡ
˿ͬʮҹΪ֪ŷȪʲôģȴΪŰ
ŷȪЩ˵̬ԻԷʳܽԷ֮󣬲ͣյԷԼӡׯӵѺӶ󣬶ԷװѲܽ
˾һͷʵʱ䣬ͳɱ
ռԷļҲǱʲôⶼǮס
ͳҩʮҹıǼ⣬Ϊ˷ֹ;Ӱļƻ
ֽʮҹ˴ϣŪ˯ŵģ
Щ֮뿪ʮҹԺӡ
Ҫڣǰ԰ļɽҵ˲ҡӪ֮ͽô˻᲻ΪڸԼ飬оսֽ֮ţݺ
Ȼһжֻǲ²⣬˿ǰķ
ֻû뵽ԽǵϣܵԽϸ
ѹҲһᡣ
ֱ筿ԶŲ˹ѵŮȡýı͡ЩŮŵĶ
ҵһ䵥ŮֱӽΡ
ϽԱӣڹغ֮Ѹٻ϶Էѡ
һ첨˹Ƕǵ׵ĳȹϴƬбʯһȦ׺ŵĺɫɺ׹飬ֻҪһΣͻᶣ졣
·֮󣬻мֲӦ
Ͼδ¶ѡ
ЩŮɴƺҲΪӪһܻӭա
ֱӵı¶ֵ¶ˡ
筱봩һѹȥ˭֪߳ȥͱ˽סһ˾Ƶ
Ѿ½ˡ
û취ֻܸһȥ˾ơ
ҪǾܾĻԷĻɡ
˽ˮ˽ȥ׵ŷȪ˵Ҵ꣬ׯﶼһһģЩ¥ݵѹȡЩŮ衣
ŷ֣ô˵δ̫ЩɣΪֿɾҪУһˡֻһˣ
ŷȪЦ뾡ܡ
筴ͷһҪԼĴڸѹ͵ģ
ǧҪ㵽
λɡλϸһƼǸСŮ
䴹ͷֺȺҫۡϾ¶ļͱȱ˰࣬ڵһȦ򣬽Χյ硣
СŮһѣһĨӨѩ׵ļ§档
ϵȵ֬Ҫϸۻ
һСŮѩѵŷȪ˵⡣
ڱ㵽ʱ˵һ£ֻţȴû¶šŵĶݸ֮󣬴󷽷ߵԤ̨
ǣĵطұݵġ
һ΢۾
죬ɴУ˫绨趯ϣ߸߾ٹͷһǴһֻȡ
ֻϿֺʽֻһܺŪˡ
ʽ湦ˡ
΢ҧڹĵٴʱ˫һת˷ת˳ȥ
輱ת磬ν֮
˿̵签Źĵ㣬Ϊ㣬Χһ㣬ͣתƱã䡢ȹϴŵգǣ硣
ʵѹ֪֪Ůڹ裬ת֪ͣЪٵ綼赸֮ǰѷɫ
ԺܶȽϵľ˭תȦȦࡣ
Ȼ裬ڣתȦš
ˣ̨תţǼ
ţתȦͣ±ʱ۾ͻȻ²һϣֻһϻۣͷüĿʣ˿Ρ
Ҫ˵ºЩĻ筴žͻһӺȥˡ
û뵽лҲڽգ˽
һȻվĲȣһˤ˹ȥ
ɲˤлϯߡ
ꡣԶһм
һƺŷȪˣˣŮȥ
筵Ľʧ㣬ŷȪϹҲϣҪֱӰȥ
ĵ̾˿Ҫġ
һԵл˵ȪүСŮרźҰɡ
ô̹ӣȻСŮˣŷȪһЦ۾лĵ׷ٴ⡣
˾˵̼еĵӣа֮ޡ
ַͷĿꡣ
Ҫһʼֵܱ̫ԣˣŷȪǴ㰲ʮҹźû뵽ϧ֮ġ
Ҳգȸһͷ
ŷȪ˵д̹ӣг̹Ϊ飬ֻһٰٲ㡣
л̹ӡ筹лǰ
ԱһЦ֮һлƹġҿΡ
筣
Щ˱Ѱ֣Ȼྴسڴ˴ϵŮӡ
筴һɬģ
˻Ҫ˵ȴлãϲȾơ
ھܾˣǱ˵á
ֻ࣬Ѳţмһ롣ֱŷȪδ׿ŲԼ壬ԼܵĿл
лƫͷƱʵʲô֣
һҲݵɣӡ
ֻ֮Ҳܲشʾ֭죬ŵơ
ϣСŮΪλȡС
Ǹ֡л˵ͷһھơ
һ߸лƣĵһŪ֮ģ⽿εʵأū澸ôӣ
ڼлЦһ
筷۾ûţӡ
һ̣ͳˣɱá


48 
˿, ΧӰȴסǰϸֵ˵顣
筻δڡ
лüһھƣôУ
˵, Բƽʱӻᷢġգգ۾, ĵ뵽, Ƭ̺ǰֻǸӳһƤҵ, ĵûô졣
˾Ʊ, , Ⱦơ
лֻ˳Ļⶺ, Щ
û뵽СﵹӦͦ졣
лӹŵľƱ, ű, ͷȥ
ϳ, , ˵ľһһ, ºȣ˾ƣҲ߲ܡ
Χ, Ҳ׿ڡ
ֻ±ʱϵľյ, ϡ
лµ屭ʱ, ٴζյ, ڴмлĻʱ, ˾ֹƽкʱ, ָͷֱ
лףϡ
æȻ೤ȴʮ㡣ɣȰɡ
˿̸ŻǵлŵľƱָԾڡ
£ǧתͷḡ
һýĿˣ⻰Ե̹ӣλСŮˣ˽Ĵҹ
ֳֵľƺһЩѾƵ˳ȥ
лδ仰ƵãֳԼĶͷ΢ƫͷ̧°ͣʾơ
ס񣬽ǰľƱٴϡ
ƺΪлûԼЩһ֮±ԼĹ
筴ǰľƺ𷽲һĻ
ȻлⶺŪһɡȴƲһᱡԼ˿ֻǸСŮҲԸһ䡣
Լл¶ţĵһ
´
ڣлľ߲ܣܿ죬΢죬գһƬ糺죬ЩͲסֳ˳ǰ
ۿڶ΢ţǹɲζ㡣
Ȼ筸оԼĽţһ¡
̧ǰˣɺԼͻȻɣôˣ
лֳŶͷüš𳳣û
һֻ̧ͣ£ƺ˷
Щ£ǰֲס׵ŷȪƺڵķԸ
ŷȪ׽һĻ̹ӹȻ봫ŵһ̰ɫþǸ˶ǣʣµȻˡ
ŷȪл׼˸ڵŮӣǼ筣˵Ȼ̹ЩȷԺЪϢ
ǡḣŸǰл
ŷȪڳ̹ߣһҪź򡣡
һԲЦٴδ
筸Ͻ¶һߵģ
ɣ߰ɡſֱ۱סлĸ첲ͼԼϣ߳ȥ
лԭҲ˳ƿ˹ǲ֪ΪΣͻȻһһξ롣
筲ԣȥקֱۡ
л巢ȣֱ۴Уȴǿҵ޷ԡ
һţĸ첲ϡ
ⲻɨŷŵǳװ磬ɫؿڳ¶һƬϸỬļεӳ£ͬһ㱡ǳɫ
лϽ̧ͷ
ƺҪԼסߴͦε֮ĸ
֮߳ϵࡣ
лĽŲ鸡ȴסԼΡ
֮ǰׯ߹һˣ֪ԺĶȴ֪Ϣ᷿ںδҲֻһһ
ҿһۣʵӣ
⻰Ӧɣл̾һ
Ϊ˲پƣЩͳİƣȴһ
Īġ
·ֻҪԼߣѨҲÿ־ͺ¡
筲֪ôͣԼεŷȪׯҪջ٣Ҫ֤ݶǰһׯ
ΪԼΪ˵ӣвòɡ
ֻξ֮˵±Ҳš
޷ͳڡ
ͷ˵ͻȻл̧𣬸Щ룬黷סļ򣺡𶯡
С
ȻнŲ𣬺ܿתǴһȺŮ̳֡
ܣִ۵ŮѣΪǽĹͺͱ˿еŮ
λ㣬æһͬλ᷿ЪϢ𣿡һˡ
Ůڿǰͷ֮ˣõͷ߹Ҫл
л΢΢һŨüš
ãɶԷԼֱֻۣ御ߡ
ŮĴ֮£筺лڵ˺Ժ᷿
ܿ죬Ů뿪
ڴϵлԼӣ·ʲôɾĶ
վſڶ˻תͷŷĶ
ôˣӡСʡ
лüֻߵ࣬ĵǷǸŮǱߣ²⣬Ѳн񱲻ɣ
ץס䣺ң㡣
峺һϡĩˣģڸɾˡ
Ũҵľ֮£һ嵭㡣
лԭӣһ˿
ӻóһ̺״ĴοƿڣԼıǼ£һִ̱ǵζ˱Ƕ
л۵׵룬·糱ˮ㣬ȥ
Ƭ̡л˵
筵ͷܿͼлڴϣǹɾƺɢȥ
̧ʱԭΪƣͨˮۿ˿̽ƽȥ
ڴ˴סǣҪȥһ
筣
ôԼҪ˵Ļǰ˵ˡ
ӣҲҪһҪĶȥңһ£
лĿԣŶԷ
˼ͬʱڡ
˱
˱
ܿ죬ǶŷȪ˲ᡣȻ˵ͻƭˣǼ¼ֽϵĶȴǲƭ˵ġ
ŷȪˣھǸô飬ɼһˡ
Ҳűλ
Ͼֻһ̼֣ԷҪɱ練ơ
ŷȪһűĶϵˣ׽ȥ
ʵӣ֪Լ˲ںδ
֪лƺ˵ڴ˴
΢ЦɣҺҲ֪ء
˭޷˵Է£һתһǰ᷿ƫҪŷȪ˹ѰҲҪáﵢǸϽ߰ɡ
˵꣬ץסлƣҪߡ
˭֪лȴס֣筱סͷһۣ۵ɻ
Ȼһѡ
筸˵ⶼʲôʱˣĻ˵ЩȻ͵ͷԼǰ
һ죬ȵƬ̣Ҿ
л˳ȥ
筴¹񣬷ﲻӵѣŮӵѡѸóӵۣӸл
ҲϰɣҲʵۣһЩ
лվȣѣһ֮OO@@
˶֮󣬱ɽ
筸л󣬼ߵ·Ϥ˿ûиղͷԵģֵӣǰ
л
֣ΪĲָϤ
ΪׯĽͼ
Ŀɿڴղ˴ԼȥǸ᷿
ǸŮ·Ϊ˸߱ˣȷʵȥϢġŷȪ˵Ļ㱨Ҳʱл͡
筺л˵˻԰ŷȪׯ԰޽Ǽݻ
ռֻ¾б˼һķô󡣡
԰ֲŵݣʤ˾׳۵ģǻ԰µï֡
ֵգҶðѿдС
лһ·Ǹ˳
ֻǵֱߣ֪Ƭɽֵһ˾ͷҪ̧Žӣͼлһסĳ䣬˵𶯡
筵Ѿ𣬴˿̱һ£ͣڰա
תͷлѯʣôˣ
лҿһۣʵɾʲôԾ
գգ۾һ˫峺ĺ¶Щãûѽ
̫
лţҹɫУֹĻ졣
筿˿Χŷ⡣
һ·ϣŷȪıׯɭϣʮҹԺſڣšׯĵĵطȴû
ȻûлȻҲ֪ŷȪ˲ᣬͲɽҡ
ȵȡ
ΪξԵʣŻƲ⡣
ǴӺδ֪ģѵǾ׸õ鱨
ԺЩʱл˵Ȼգ㲻Ժӵҡõ˲ᣬҪ֪ĶҶȫ㡣
ͻȻ֣µĺԼ
ҡͷҪһȥչ˺Լ
ľ˾ɱȥ
л֣֪ǵһ˻ȥǾԼܱȻûȰ˵ϥǣתͷ
筳Ծ
֣ұ߹ȥл䣬ȴʼ͸żᶨ


49 
Ļ֮, һ¸߹ҡһҹڣʱɳɳ
筻ԥ, л͵֮ǰѴ̽, ⴦ׯְ, ҹҲ롣֮ǰп, ˵һҹ
Щ˶Ѱ, û߿԰ͻ
ԺԺЩ᷿, ǿȥĵط
Ǳׯźŵ˾֪, ǸеĽ֮ء
֣ɻ, ǸҲӦڼɽ֮
ѵΪɽֿ̫ж
лͷһ, ֵҪһֱô𣿡
ŷ״, £ĺ, ˫ļ, лҲûȥǽ͵ЩʱҪסԼҪܵʱ򣬶һ۷
ŷȪŪ, Ϊ֮˽עϡ
ʱлǰ̤һ, ʽ֡
̲סʵȻֻǸ۷Ϊʲôֱ·ǰɽ
ֻҪܰȫɽ, ͺˡ
лЦŷȪĵط, ֱӴӱĵطɽ, ôɽֻһɽֻдҵȷİ, ɽڵ֡
ţҵİžͲ˵
µЩˣΪ־ǸܵĵطôֻûͷӬңôңᷢԭҲڼɽ¡
Ӽɽֱӽңȴûİš
ӣô֪ôſʵ
л˿ûڸǣ˵ûв͸ǽŷȪıׯȻɭϣǵ֮ʱǶ˲ٹҲҵ˵ʱĽͼ֪趥¥˳ɽ
趥¥
˵ǸųƽµһĹ¥˵һֱڽϣӲ㾩ǡҲ˵ٲѰ˾ҶҲǡ
ЩˣΪ˴Լصضɢ˵ǣӶǡµһţҲ𡣡лЦ
筲Сһ졣
Ϊ˵ԼոҲǿҡ
˵ͬУ⡣
ʱ筷лߵ·С²ȴһ˵⴦趥¥Ƶ𣿡
šл˵Ҳ˵İÿһʱ䶼任ԵÿԼȥҡ
գļϡ
Сܣ˰죬ͻȻ˵ǵĲֿհ
趥¥ʦүǸʿ˵趥¥֮ԳҲǿһְŵ˺ܶ˵ۡ
Ͼܶ˶Ҫסܣܷͨĵط˷ġ
ҪңҪ޷ĵط
Ȼ趥¥ֿڼв󷨻صģ˹˵ۡ
󷨻أҲзڡ
Щ˲Ը¶Լܣɴ³֮ɱڡ֮ǰ趥¥Ͳɱĳ̶ȣǲŻԽ͵
й棬Ǿ漰Ȩ
˵ֻǮլӣá
ǲȨֻӡ
Ҳֻڽһ㾩ǵԭ򡣱Ͼӽ£˭˵ԼܶܵԶԶ
筹۲ܣ˵ͼǬļأΪط󡣡
Ҳѧлʵ
ҡͷֻϿ䣬ѧ˿Ҳܰ㡣
лһֻ̧̤һһƺǲȵϸʯӵ죬һ˲䣬ѣСġ
лĶȻʤѵʱ˼
ͼһ֧ϸյ졣
Ҫȵļ죬ֻ֧ѾĽŵס
ѣСļͷж
ֻأֻһ֧ô򵥣ܻܿڼϴ㶾
筴˿̲ףлΪʲôҪԼʱû취ԱͷٴůһԼԶǱһ
ַҶ衣
ӼȻҵ趥¥ˣǿиʲô
лܣڲԶɽͨˮ˲䡣
ֻ仰ѽ
Ͽ˵޸붫ɽڰд򣬶űͬɽ
筷һʼлȷʵǴӶ֡
лͻȻЦһ筱˼ȴһЦϡ
ԲʣЦʲô
㲻˵ֻϿһ䣬ǵڶˡлдɵĵ٩
筴ʱˣ㻹ҪϿһ仰仰
ţٶ࿴仰Ǿ߳ˡ
һ̧־¡
ֻǴ֮ŷԼľٶֶǣ߳ŭС
ͷ筻סҶ
лû뵽ĵͷ˸ӣۡ
£۵ġ
ֶѣȴһֱͷơ
ڵл³筲»ع
ƺߵļ˳ͻΪ߳ʱлͻȻ˵ûʲôԾ
̧ͷܣڰ֮Уƺ˿˿ƵĶ

ԣʱôͻȻ

ϽӻͳӣֱӽлĿڱסԺϵá
˿ϴ嵭ıǼ⣬лû뵽һʱὫӸԼԼҲҪ
лûȥòš
筼ȻҪʱ򣬰ԼĽ§סĲӣʱǻҪֻţܽҴƬ֡
۵ֱۣ˿̽Ĳӡ
ſ󣬲񷽲롣
лٴθܵǹĴС
Ӥҵھͽˡĺ󱳡
ڱǶѹ½ϡ
лüšֱӱ筣񱼡ߵλǶԵģȴǴ˶壬˵λòڵϡ
Ծ𣬽ż񣬷Ծǰ
һ̣鶯Ʈݡ
Ȼû̧ͷȴоԼڿлƺڽΧӣŲתƣ磬缲硣
ƮԽԽŨӰΣƺʱҪ׷
ǰס
лԾΪûֹͣԽԽŨƺҪΧǽȥ֮ǰ˵˴ĿˣѵЩ˶ûЩ壿
˵ŷȪѾ֣˴롣
ˣΪλ˹׷飿
лʱŷȷʵƫ뷨ΪżɽȫûΪǳɹֶֹͣ
˽ɽڲ筻ͷһ
ӣûֹͣ˵
ɽڸղ뿪һ˲Ѿ˱仯ֻһССİųֻ֣ϣȻ֡
ǾŹžŸ֡
һĸС
ӦֻҪĸֵĻܹš
Ȼһš
Ÿ֣Ҫ¶ĸֿܡ˴˿ºҰĸֻ֣Ҳûͷ
ô죿ż
лûң˪ѩϣ˵أˡ
筱һ仰˵ûƢ
˱۾ͷ㱨ĸְɡ
ߡ
һְ֣һ֡
ֱ꣬ѾɽĶڣ筶ǰİţ񼣵ĳ֡
ȻһŴ򿪡
תͷлͼβü¶һĨЦ⣬§סȥ֮ǰ
С˭òߡ


50 
, ˫̤ڵϵһ̣ĵ׻ڳ׻ع
񼣣ĳڴ˿̡
һƬ, 筱лڻ, , ͬţҪ̲סĸо
һ֮, Χ
лóӣĻƻ⽫ǰֻ߲ʣڡ
Ȼ޷磬Ӷ˵Ļ绹ţӳǽ, һӰ, ᶯ¡
һ, ŵӰӣͻȻֿˡ
֪лȷֱ֣, ˷ֿһ˲, ߴ, ƺҪҡ
ܿ, лҵǽϵ͵ƣûӵȼо
һ£ұ
ղŰŴһĻ̲סʵ, ôµǸϰţ
ұΪ趥¥ҵ, ֡ڲŷ, ˡ仰, Ӧϵİš
ѹ, ǲǴ˰̡
ֵһ֮ǰ仰ɽͨˮ˲䡣
лü΢͸ɻ󣬻̲ס˵㷽Ų˵޸붫ɽͬҲµһΪߡ

̧ͷӣȶ΢š
ȱ˫ΪˮΪҲŻ²ŵİӦΪߡ
ͷɻ𾪡
ղôʯ䣬ȻԽٷתĸ֡ڼ侲ˣһŵľȻǣ㰴ĸ֣Ȼһнүɡ
ŵ񼣣ִġ
ǰˮˣϵ䡢ݣƺʱ޿̲ڡ
Ҳݴݵһһ
筹ǿ̲סĿֱ
Ͻת˵ǸϽ֤ݰɡ
Сǽ϶ܣĲӡ
л筸Ͻǰȳһŷ־˲ᡣܿǹڡܽ˲ᡣ
ֻⱾӦһĵĲ̵ģӶԷʳܽʼ¼
¼ŷȪϻȡ棬⼸ǶԷȫҡ
һĿʮУⱾӷŻ֮Ѹȡһ
ŷϣȫЩ֮ܽ£˵Ѫᡣ
ȫŷȪܽռ˲Ʋļ¼Ǳб𣿡Ѹʵ
ҪҵǣŷȪ֮˵ϣϵϸ
лصС
էͷһϲ˲Żأߵл࣬ս˲ᡣ
Ϊ߻谵̲סſ˲ϵݡ
ǹٴαƽ
ŷȪ׸˲ᣬ˾֮ˡɨһۣϲң־û֡
ĵ׵Ļϲʱ촷ۡ
˱ʧȻû˵֡
֪˭ˡȴ룬˿ڵ
ĵٴ޴ϣ̧ͷһ˫в΢תСٴʧ
л̧֣޳ָ˲һǣ˵˵ı־
˳ָȥֽһСС롣
롣
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ڽ֮Уһ֣֪Ѿܽ鵽ŷȪ̫ˣǣ֮¡˲ˡ
һû뵽ҹǰľȻϢ
ü˵Ƿ̫ţŷȪǸˣŪЩΥۣôᾪء
ǱǸõܣǰǸɵĶӣڻ·ִ˭֪СӻؼûվˡǸɣԼУ̫ǰлӤ
ЦһᳰЩ곤Ļӣ̫ǰлӤ֡ﲻһ⣬͸¡̫֮˵йڳӤ˵Ĵԣʮֲãøɽ¡
˭֪ǸףܽŰŷȪǣ
üɵ𣿡
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磬ԭûڵƹӰˣӺڰ߽һ
κл룬ҲǵĻӡ
лԭ㿡գΪŭЩŤһѹվȻųӤ˵ƶһ׵ġ
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лҡͷӦҲ˵Ӥ飬Сڷг󣬶ȨںǰǻҪҵġŵһϵţŵǰҪáӤôܻ֡
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лƺҲò⡣
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ܿ죬ַ˼˲ᣬŷȪפȫ¼Լÿлߵ֤ݡ
ѹŷȪĻһ·˳ͨ衣
֮䣬ȫϸ
̲ס˵һ£һֱδ㶮Ϸˮ·ͨӷ㣬ΪŷȪһֱͻȻ뾩ء
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СңŷȪ˲ڵ֮ﶼûеĻѵҪŷȪץסԱ
ǽϵ͵ƣӰóģӳʯ֮ϡ
΢ףͻȻлļ򣬵˵𶯡
ԣδ
лߵԱǽڣץס͵ƣת
û뵽ԭӦù̶ǽϵ͵ƣͻȻ£ǿ鿴ܺŵʯڣ¶һвռ䡣
ļţŷ֣֡
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һţһ⿴Ѱţдŵˣȴ筴һΪ˾ġ
ȫ
ǵ
筵ָڲţ˵ӣǵĸ
ԭлڿǼⱱţеգڵ⼸ҲΪ㷽ŵɻΪŷȪҪͨΪϷҪ
ΪǱֵļϸ
筻һǰɢһһ˿ƺȫƴճһࡣ
лһֱţŷȪ֮⣬ΪһԽ˵Ѫͳ⻰ûдһ벢ǺѪͳǱ֡⼸ţŷȪѰָڼ֮󣬶ԷĻظ
Ϊ֮ǶѪӵˣΪӡ
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ôŷȪ̾ڴʵһֱԴԴϸṩ鱨
ͻȻͷƺŲ
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ȥԭѾɢ
˽Ƿֱ̧סԼĿڱǡ
ǳ߳ɽֶȷʵˡ
ȥŷȪл˵
筸࣬ͷЩ֤ݶڣŷȪٲܽƱ磬ֻҪץסͲ˲졣
лѾסׯĽͼһ·ֱǰ
¸߹ʣսӽǰ͸оǰ磬ζŨ˱ǣһ˿˿Ʋ
òʦѣ򻳱ãͷŪңѣ໶öһɸ֮
ĵԭǿѹŵŭ·⻶һµȼ
ĸڱ߽ΪǱգܱ衣ܵȴʲôǱѣԩʿǰ
ǰһĻб
ΪԼ
ΪصЩӢ飬޷Ҳ޷ԼӡŮĻЦ
ɺǵˣȴڴ˴֮
ʲôˣ
δл筵ǰڰһǡ
˽Ųһ٣ΪԼٱ¶˺յȻ𣬴żХ˺Ũҹɫ
״ǰܡ
ǰһˮ͹˵ŭ𣬻
ŷȪصؽϯ˿֮أԭΪҹ紵
ȻҲܵͷ
ׯĻǰҪһЩȥ¶Ŀꡣ
ɱڷϡиһ
һպ꣬һ֧ٶ䴩Ĳӡ
̧֣סԼӣŬ̧˼֣˻ˤڵϡ
̧ͷ򷿶ȻһһźӰվ档
Щɱִźɫҹ£ϴźɫߣҹɫΪһ塣
ǵļһ֧һֱ֧ŷȪ
ŷȪ߻ĲˣȴӶ£ۿԽԽ١
лͷҲأһ仰ȶڴ˴ȥӦŷȪ
ׯ϶ڱ𴦣ֻҪ˿ŷȪỤϵδûƴһʵ
筻ûü
лȳ˳ȥֻеĳֱɱ֡
ϵĴ̿ͣƺҲࡣԾ¼ˣֱŷȪۿâ֣ŷȪŵֽŷ
Ȩ֮Уɵˡ
ĵ֪Լôһ죬ʱǲ⵨
ȴɱһˣгâɷˣһֿ̧һ˺ˣӰ˾ٵ
˲Ųæ鶯࣬䣬ɱܿԷĵ档
־ͽһˣͱ˶Դ
Ѫٲ㣬ڰ䣬ѪζԭȵŨ׳ɢ
Ƭǰûʵãʱһһʬ塣ЩʬϻŲʺͲţô벻һѰֵᣬλɱ
˿筶ڰл
ԭӾĺ֡
ͻȻףϲܵˣδֻһˡ


51 
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վŵɱ֣л棬ֱӽǰȥȫɱ, ֲ֪
ɱеͷ˲ȥ, վڸߴơ
ϳż
лŷȪǰһѳ裬˸, ǰγһ滤ܡ
ڵϵ
л˿Ǹŵǹ, ճ͸ɱ֮磬Ӳһһڵļ궼ǰ
书ǿ, ӣȥΧɱ, ͷ֮˼깥, ޷Ч, ¶ģЩ£ҲҪΧɱڴ˴
ڴ˿̣ŷȪڱ𴦵Ļ½ϵ
ŷȪϲָŷϵɱ, ɱһ, 
һ, ϲЩȻԼӶǮؽ֮£·ɢŵʬ嶼סЩ˻ľġ
ߡлȴ֪ЩԲǷɱֵĶ֡
ڻǰץŷȪܣ嵽筲ĵط
ϴźŵ𣿡лʵ
ҡͷ
⴦ׯڽ⣬ţ·źŵҲԾûԭŵǣŷȪׯĻЩʿ򲢲Σֻʤ˶ࡣ
ıֻ֣Ҫʱ˾ͺá
˭뵽ҹȻһɱֳ֡
棬ŷȪׯգӦյ顣û뵽Ȼǰһգй
лɿŷȪ֣һס筵֡
Ҵ뿪ᶨ侲ڹǿƣױŷ
̧ͷл
һԵŷȪΪлŵøϽ̹ӣһҪȾҡӣֻҪܴӳȥһӡ
лͷΪʱӻá
˵ţﳤָͥԺ
˿̷ϵɱѾԾͥԺڣϷۺĻ꣬ѱɽѪȾɳɫ޹졣
ؽ£ĶĻʱ¾
Щɱһѵأ䵥˳󣬸óɱׯ˶࣬ȴ˿ռϷ
ŷȪҲû뵽˾޴
ھǳֻ뵽һֿԡ
֪һܣֻҪܾҳȥһܸǡŷȪ˵
ʱһ֧ʸֱŷȪš
л̧񵲣ŷȪ亹Ǳ˳
ʱлѽ筰ڻУתߣֻŷȪ̹ӣĺ֣ȴҵ˽硣϶ΪѰֶɡ
ŷȪ˿Ȼ£ȴûӶ
л֣ǰʱһʼǿĵġ
Ǵλ̹ʱŷȪĵ׾׹ˣׯȻأҲûйϲˡ
λ̹ӱȻҲͼı
ԸҪʲôŷȪ󺰵ۿźԼĻµԽԽ࣬ټӿ˵ҶԸ㡣
лȻá
˵꣬뱧筣һ
ŷȪҶԣϣ׷˺档
ҹԶͷ繴ܲ¹⽫Ƭض̻ɫĹ֮£ԭӦһõҹ
˿̱ׯ˿Ѿʧֻʣ²ԶĲҽСɱ
ԭûʵׯ԰¹ͶΡ׳Ӱ
ͻȻסл½ǣ˵ӣԾ
лŲһ١
ͷСֻŨܳ绨촽ŲΪʲôûб˵
ׯﱾӦŮӶӡ
˺ϵȻûбˡ
ǡ
Щɱл
˲ֻҪɱŷȪҪ׽ׯĨȥ񣬶һڸǡ
ڴʱһϵ
ŷȪۿԼˣĵã커̹ͻΧȥֻҪ뿪˵أÿ˰ٽ𡣡
ǣˡվǰĻ»ص
ˡлǵ
ŷȪʶһˣһˣҲöеذױ¶˳
Է״ֱŷȪĲӡ
лǰһץסŷȪ󾱴ѣֱӰĵ˺üףԷ롣
ŷȪ֮ٿЩЩĶ
壿仰ӦҸɣԭȲǸͨˣӵƣ˽աȻҷ
һЦֻ̧˻ӣ
л𳤵ٴǰ
ͬʱٵڣлٵ񵲣תһһˡԾһŲǽڣ̧֡
նҹĻ֮ư硣
һ̣лƲŴ̶Ѫɽ
˵ڵϣӳ鶯Ȼ
ԷȻҲл׺𶯣һ棬ˡյУ۾дŷŭиոӿֵĿ־塣
лֳֳ䣬ݵȻ
һϣֻһˣô˻ɱһڣذ׼ɱŷȪ˴
һֵĽɱٴοʼ
վһԣлֻҪ֧Ǳ͵Ϯһ֡
ֻŷȪվԱߣ̫ۡ
һΧл£Ȼٵ嵽ߣŷȪŷȪŵðȾܡֻǲ֪ǱŵãǷ̫࣬Ȼû͵ڵϡ
筼״ĵ̾һҶҩ
ˣ̧ӣסڱǡ
˭֪УȻʲôûС
һԼϷˣˣٵǰǶ׼筣ȴû̧ƣһö룬м
˾뼫筳ΣԷʱǰ
һûĲ
ֽų鴤˼£˫Բ筣вʡ
ܿͨһصڵϣûϢ
ŷȪЦȪүԽȻ鴫ҩ֮ɫζĶҩǹá
ŷȪĿɿڴ筡
筳嵽лߣеôΧȴǲ˵ˣ˿Ϊ񵲸ղ͵ϮĵУסһ
ѱƣѪֱ
ˣ筴һ
ͼŶһ֣ʲôûУǾȻİ˻ס˭ҳɫζĶҩ
Էסлֱӿס筵ļ򣬽ڻУԾ뿪
ŷȪںˡ
ˣ˸Ͻסڱǣһʱ׷Ҳǣ׷Ҳǡ
ͷ֮ˣǰ鿴֮ǰ˵ˣϾѪһҪû벱ڵĳ롣
ͷŭģǸСͷй򡣡
ҹɫ̫Ũ筳֣ѹûע⡣
ΪǱνɫζҩɱ˿̼һֳ룬֪˵ĻǼ٣ȫթǡ
׷ȥܲԶ
л筣ֱԺǡ
ֻ;лȻʵ㷽ôɱǸ˵ģ
̧ͷ۵͸žȡ
ȻûԼĹ
ʵʵ˵
ֻս§ƣŴ磬ЦС


52 
лһֱ, ȻкüƥͣлֱһƥŷȪ, ˼Σûȥ
лս, ͷת
ŵŷȪϽ̹ӣȵ, ȵҡ
лӸ, ȻɱѾ׷ˡ
Ȼһ仰ŷȪ޶ôȥȻһŵȥֻƽʱжǻʵ˿֣Ȼˤ, ȴҲҡҰڡ
ҡҡλμ, ɱѾ׷
ǸղлԱׯͼϤҵһ·, ǡ
л, ɳ۶ȥ
תͷ, 󺰵ŷȪ, û
ҵȱ㡣лɫĮ
Ȼ֪ŷȪҪֱ֤, Щ˲ỹҪҪΪ˳ܡ
ôɱ, ֻһ, һᱣŷȪһ
л̲סսˡ
ֻɱѸʣµļƥ, Щ, Ҫ׷ŷȪۼԷһѳ֣ҪŷȪ
鼱֮£󺰵ҷ롣
Щɱ־ǸղǼ֮ǰǸˣȷʵڷ֮£һ꣬ᵶŷȪˣʶס㡣
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ŭһüĿ筡
ΪԼֱǰСϷˣ
˭֪ҪµƥһΣѵһ£ֱˤڵϡ
ɱ֣һˤ˳ȥ
ƥڵϣ֫鴤ʼֱȥ
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ŷȪϲϽ׷ǡ
筻ͷ˭ģԣԽ涾Щ˵Ӳ
ɱŵڵϵһƥʲôĶ̼䵹¡
ıһ仰ŵԭأǰ
һƥסⷲ
ĵһɣеֶҩͼѪһ͹ôһƥҲպá
ͷ֮˴Ů˿϶Żǣ͸ղһһϣôˣǲɡ
ӶһŮϷˣѾϹҲס
ɵ֣ﵶǰлƺ͸ᡣУץˡ
ץס
лһԾ𣬽żڰУŤת壬ֱƥԼϵˡ
ɱͷû뵽׺ˣڿն
˿ϵɱ֣ͷŰգı̣ͬ˫ӡ
ããҹɫ߿£˿лԾհ㣬̤¶۵¹⣬
һˮīյĿգ˿̱䡢ɱĮһ˿
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ⳡ޵֡
Ѫȳɱ֣һʱ䣬ڵ
лڵ棬ǰ󣺡˭
ȾһĨѪ˵졣
һ̣˱ŵøεѣһִӼ׵ǴĿ־͵ӣǵĽ̶ԭء
Ȼûˣǰһ
ɱ顣
ǰˣĶħ
ӣлվԭأͻȻһˣǰŮơ
˿٣·ġ
л̧ƣסϸ۵ƣ
ڳ˱ׯ
ȥĶʱսȫ
л¡
ܻؾǣ˿̳Źرղ˵Ļӵ˿ܻڻؾ·Ͻɱǣȫĵطǻ¡
лԺɮˣһǻʼ
ֻܳȥûãǰȻҲڲɱ
筽¹⣬һˣ׿
ϲ׿
ԭ򶷵ˣ׿һȺˣȺ˵ĴţӦׯͬһЩͨׯ·档
ֻҪ˹ԮǾͻֹ
ʱ筷֣Ҳһԡ
׿ŵߵĻһ˶ׯ鷳ʹӦ
û뵽š
ǾռϷ磬ɱַɢڴ˴ģֻˡ
˵ãһ˽ɱɱˡ
ǵ嵽ǰɱΪ׿Ԯˣ⣬սֻսУһƱ㲻ɵ
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С㡣׿ܵǰż
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תͷ󣬽˲ͳݸ筣ЩȽ㱣ܡ
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ǿʼׯˡлԶѾ
лͷ筣һиҪҪ߰ɡ
筻ԭء
ʣǲҪסЩˣ
룬ʱ򣬲˲ỹŷȪУʲôҪ飬Ҫʱ
л̧ͷһɫ䵭筣ؽΰ󡣡
һΪ˱˸
仰ƽȴ͸衣
̼䣬֮䣬һǵ֮
һԸɿţ̲ס̧ͷ筣Ϊλ֮£߳ŭ֮⡣
û뵽筵ı飬κ˵Ķƽ
ֱ̧֣ӽ˲Ӹ׿׿ҽϵҵĶˡΣһҪȥ
׿һż޲筼
ȴл촽һĨЦǰ֣˵ڣСͲᶪһڴ˴Ҫȥ
ȥĶҾȥĶ
ȥ˲ᣬ֪˷ǱׯΪ
˵ԼиҪҪȥ筵Ȼš
ǰƴ
һ·ϣĵ֮ӲһѪ·
βȥĶһˡ
лû뵽ʱ򣬷ִ֣ʱüûȰ˵ֱӷٴ
һϲΪͷ
лԸߡ
ԣȫ˭֪ܳȥ签͸оǰһڣӲӲһֵ
ΪƭԼ
⾹赹һͷ


53 
ڵ, û뵽Լܵлİ㡣Ϊ֮ͬһ뿪
˿׿ͬһƥ
׿, ˡ
ιȥ֮޷
һȥˣʵ
׿Ѿһˡ
ܺá
΢ҧأתͷϵ, 㾹ҲôΪΪһܵסЩɱΪʲôٲãҲø
Ϸ, ˵ÿ仰, 
ί, ˵ͷİ, ҼҹӶˡ, Ż鷳ء
⻰, ˵̰
л, ֮ӣ൱Ȼ̫ԼİҪȻ˵Ĳ¼, رǵλʥϣӢꡣ
ʵϣϲ¼أֵ׳̫, ޷̡
ôһ֮, Ƥӵ, ӵԼ
лܶ, Լȥ
ѵû, ҹһٳ֮ǰķɸΣ
һ, Ŀɿڴ筡
üšס, Ȼû´֮ǰлֱ֢֮һһıʱ׿Ѿ̽Ϣ
ºҲʹ׿˵ʱлϢȫޡ
ɡ
֪лʱһʱأʱֻ鼱֮ʳڣû뵽ɫͱˡ
¶ˡ
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Ϊ룬Ϊܡ
ֻ֮ǰֵı״йء

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񷶥һһ
ɱֺƺƵ׷Ѱû뵽Ȼһ˵ڴ˴Ϊ׺ЦȻҿǻĲͷҡ
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֮ǰͥԺ˱ѾлֻǺûҵΪѾ뿪
ϵҡл˵
ƽõǿ϶Ŀǡ
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ڶԵ֮ʱһʿеķӦ
ǷöԷ𾪵顣
ͱԾ·ڳ׿лֳˣȻһӼֳȻ۫ӵлӤ
л䵭ƽȴ˸ɱ
ȻϳˣͲûšлૣĽ
˱ȥ֮󣬾ͽĻӣһֱΪƲ泯۫ӣȻŷȪıׯżȻ˵볯ĳλ֣һԸԼӡ
˲ǼʿǸлĵĻ
־л벻ıˣͰ˹
û뵽ΪлߣлˣȻͰл˳
лûΪûбʤֶΣôɱ֮УȥӰֻҪɱͷˣһʱ䣬ܵĸԶ
Щ֮䣬ȥ硣
ͷҧ֮䣬ϣɱ
֮ǰõɱŷȪŷȪܵʧܡɱ۫ӣҲǶԵµһƬϡ
ˣ߾ٵУһ˹
лɴԭأȶԷ嵽ǰ˫һţ䣬˭Ҳֱͷˡ
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½һڴ˴ڳôˡ
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лŨīĺҹͬȰ㣬ֱӽͷն
ǰҲϢ
ЩɱۿԼͷ챻ɱȻһ˲еӡ
ǱǱŵİ񲻳ɹȥҲ·һ罫ɱ
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Ϊһ䣬ͻѪҺ߷ڣԭĶٴα
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лѭȥֻܼУ¹ⶼ˸ʵʵ߻谵ʲô
ɲǣ֦Ҷ죬ï֦Ҷ˷϶
»к£µǵӰϡ
ΣɫյԽ
һɱ棬ȴ¹µӰɢѪȵաµŮϸ磬ڷɣǿ裬¹ӡ
Ǻܿ죬һٴϮ
Ů˫ֳּңܼ鷢
ܿ죬ɱȷһ˹ǰ
ȰɱˣʣĸɱеһˣԸ
ԣңѸٰμһǰһ߽ԷлڿҪʱļˡ
ѹǷġ
ӵγ
Щ˼û˹ƺûУȫлƺ㼯лɱ֮Ը筡
ֻû뵽ǿʱлٵƺľһ˿Ѫ
ǲһ
Щĵ𾪣ŷѿѪߣôƻָ
лɱʱٴŻһѪ
ʣ¿־壬ȴֲľʹ˷ڻǺ˭֪ӺɱŮȣгһ־նɱһˡ
һ¹ɴϣΨ˫
˪
һ֮ɫ¹ƺȾһѪɫ
лһ˵£ŵ˫֣ɿѪӲϡ
⣬Լ
Ӥˡ
ûеڱϣһůĻͷһĵı۾׻˯ȥ


54 
ϷХ, δȴǾ㤡н䱸ΪϺůʲôӵ, ϸĴУһ㹥
һ˿˿Ϥ㣬ξᰲ
ɽ, ҹ¶
ʱڵɽ䣬͸ʪ, ҹ, Ľ˴䡣һƬڣ˿ûǰףҹߡ
л۾, ʯ, о˽, ȻǵԼôڴ˴
̧֣Լ
ʱŲԾֱ۾ס
л, Ϳſ䴦, Ҳδȫſ, ֻԴᰤţĳࡣ
΢, һĵ˿
˳, ˲֡
Դת, ΧĻ
û뵽⾹һСɽ, ԶһЩɲ, ໹һ߹, Ӧɽ˴ʱ, Ъŵĵط
ůֱܷĵطΪҵ
Ȼиɲ񣬲Ӧˡ
ԲδȡůֻⶴеҲ䡣
˿лֲַԾͷԼϸŵĶתߣſԵŮϡ
Լ¶ϡ
֡
лü̧һֻ֣ϵѳ鿪ҪǻϡѸϣԭŵˣͻȻѣ͵̧
Ӥ
մ˯ûһ˿졣
ȿˣ筶һ٣ϸҵЦ⡣
ϸ˺üۣʣϿɻĶʣ
леĹػҡͷѾ˲١
죬ϵɫ
ã΢˵ղû
л赹֮筱гһԵ֦ǿһܡл棬ƴǰߡ
Ҳ֪Щɱ֣ûк֡
лЩʬһô뿪
˵Ҳ˺ˣûãͱҵЪŵɽȻªôǸܱܷ絲ĵط
ڵϻϸɲݣ筽лڲݶš
ŰŵлͻȻĵһʹָȥ̽ıϢ
ȻϢȫޡ
ȥоһ˿Ծ
ȻдЩ²⣬ʱ⻹Щҡһ׿ֻ̽һԿš
̽Զʤ֮ǰ
筸ϽϣȻһСƿӣϲĴƿӣڵҩƿʱٴδ
˿л˵üͷ΢ǲŵˣ¡
ס
ڵẦ¡
ʱȹĵľȻ
ͳҩƿ΢֪ʲôҩ
л֪ԼȻΪҩҲ֪ιԼֻû뵽ȴΪҩԼ
Ȼܾҩлƽ
û뵽˱ؾᣬ촽ţ۾ֱ·Ҫֱ˵Ϊֹ
лҲû뵽Сǿ
۾һգգԼȦЩ죬Ҳ˿ӡ
л̧֣ƿ筽ŵģȻҪҩƿûȥ
סǲɡ
Լ顣лȻ
ƺ仰ٴ֮ľ룬筷׷ʡ
˵꣬ͻȻֱһ
л΢΢㵣ȥͼֱһˮ飬һΣǰ׵Ůᣬߵ¡
ᣬơ
ⲻǾҩҪҩã̧ͷд
˿Ů˫ӯӯ˵ĳˡ
лûм筵ᣬҲǽСѹʱޡ
ֻǽҹΪ䡣
֪ҩԡ
лĵ˵ĸоںԼҪȻҲڵ潣֮ϡ
Թȴ˶ⶣʮ£
ҩɣһϢ֮ǿлҩ˵ĶԣⲢǾ֮ҩ
ΪҩҩǱܣǰ塣
筲Ż˵Ҫҩ
һ죬᳹׺ĿԼ
ˣˣôǺúõġβˮ
仰ǵûο筣ըͷƤ顣
ᶼ䣬ۿдȦ㶵ʵôȻѾҩöꣿ
лһս֮ƣ룬ƽԲĻ棬Ҳҳ©
㲻ٳȥˣҩˣ϶ں㡣ҩʱüǱܣøǿʱһãѷ
лģΪ֪Ǳƭ
ȴ֪ʼգ֪
ʦ˵Թѹֹƶ֮ߡ
ʦһֱȥδҵܽϹƶ֮ʦķ£Ҳδҵ
ʱҲҲһʼ;ˡ
ҲлһֱҩԭԼܻöֺ֪αҩķء
筼ֻЦĵ׽ΪԼ
ӤҲδڲƭ㣬ҩٳԡ
򴽣ͻȻƣ֣صǲţҿڴ˷ģްԡ
лû뵽ˡ
Ҳ룬סƣҲǲ㡣
ֻ޷ҩ衣
筼ʼղӦԼǽۣѲ֪Ȱ
֮ԻᷴӦ֮ΪڸлιҩʱͻȻ֣ƿеҩҩһģһ
˵ҩڰԵڼʱڣǿм˱Ǳ
ǣмһ㣬׷á
ΪҩԽҩЧԽ
֮ǰһΪոִУΪǴˣҩ֮󣬱뿳븵ƴ
Ҳҩ֮Чÿ֡
뵽˴ǰˣȻüۣͻȻֱס񷨽ȫȴһԡ
ӤҪһֱš
Ϊͷ̵һա
ŮӨ飬ٴ£εƤʡ
һ΢ᣬ·ĵס
лôŮţ˿
˫΢գͷʲôûУַ·ǧͷ
֮ǰĸ׷Ȣ֮¡֪ӣȴȢӣѪ
ֻлδͷ䲻
ڷ£ȴ鰮ļһΪλӰ鰮ˡ鰮糯¶ջʧ
ϻЩʱû׶顣
Ǻ
һһγְ筣޷ΪҦɽѧҪϵ֪Ҧɽټ
һ棬ΪŮ
ǴսΪһĽ죬㡾ְأҾֻϧԵľǸ¼صĵ
¡Ҫһս׶ıȨ
лƫԸ
лһ˳ӣСˣȻҲĽսɳҲЩֵ֮С
֮ԽԽ࣬ؾȻǣӡ
ǰŮһһΡ
ƫƫκˣҪ
ԸĶ಻Ķ
ǲƤϣʪ󴥸Уһöҡ
ڣл̧ԼֱۣסŮϸ


55 
ƿڰ, ڸһ˿ס
л֮ǰ󣬾ɽڣϢ, һʼǿ, һҹʵ̫ƣۣ̲ס۾
˿л, Լϵ, ϡ
ͻȻʯ⴫һŹֵС
л۾, ǵͷ筣ȷ˯, δ, Ż
߳ɽ֮, ߵԶ
Ҷ, ܿ, һ˳ǰ
ڿ˲, أ
Ψͷĳ, ߵǰ£¾Ԯ, ˡ
ʲôлʵ
͵ǽӵĴţǰѰҵ¡ʱ, ѽ䱸ɭ, Ȼׯɱ, Ѿ˳ȥ
ѽŷȪ֮, ǰ£˿ŷȪ졣Ǳڼ飬ڴӪô꣬ܡׯգôˣضᾪȻڰ˲ڻ£ʱ䲢ࡣ
ʳ֮սʲô߹ʿôװ׶¡
Ӧǣȥ졣
ֻǳ͸лְסĮκ֮ĽףЩκ˶ӡ
л䵽УҲ׷Ź
лֱ
һֳս𣬽ӲӵĳɽһƬԣΧ֦ܲҶïϼ⴩͸֦Ҷ֮ķ϶ͷ
վбϣӰ͹ߵĽ㴦ǡñֳ롣
һϼ⣬һڻҰ
ϵʣһʥԣһħѪ
лдȱֻǱ߹޹ʿǵĸĸӡŮҪϧһдҳࡣ
Ҳкһ棬κв壬ԲŹᡣ
Ҫл룬÷
ʹˣٴȻȥ
л߻ɽֻյڣˣײ˸
筿ҲǸѣ˿ңɢڼͷ죬շŵΣһɸ˯ѵ
ôײһ£лסֹˤ
筱סĿϣһ
лЦô㣬һߵ
һ仰筲˼
ƺΪû˵Ҳߵһˣһɱ֡
Ҳйк¡
΢΢£󣬱֬¾ôǱһŮ
ˣǶȫˡлḧķޣ԰ο
һҹĵ׶飬Ըɽ˷ʱ䣬ǸϽ˳ɽ뿪
Ȼżɽȴһ·¼Ǻš
˳Լıǣɽ£˳ҵ˩ɽµ
ƥУȻ˩£ȴûԼΧһȦݣ˸ɾ
л󣬷
˹һƥ
ԭлҪֱǰ£Ǹյɽ£ͷ־Ȼ;н˹ؿ
ȻѲ
ȻׯѪģǺпܣ©֮㣬ڸ
迨ҲҪΣֻҲû뵽ֻ©֮㣬ûӳȥ
筵ͷһԼѣĻãûвƣֻԵѪл˿ֻò򵥰¡
·ѲƲֱϱƺüѪ鲼
ôǿ
ǵ·Ѳ˷֣϶ᱻɡ˵
лȻ·
˵ɣǾǵĽ⣬Բ˵ǳӣũҡ
˲߹ٵֻ辶С·
ںܿ죬ڿũҡ
ӦǾǸһׯ䲢СһСϪڴǰ档ʱũϪϴ·СΧϷ֡
һũҾ󣬽˲̴š
ҹȥл
סѣ˵˺ܻܿҹ㻹Ǳ˿㡣
лһ
˿Լôܽ赽·
筳գգ۾Ƥӣǳ֮ʱ÷ǳ֮
ǳ֮
лʶ˼͵
һʱЩӣʱҲ¶޹ɻδ͵
ڴ˴ҡлһ仰뿪
筽ǣУплֻȻǱׯ
ΪСںӱ߲ϴֱ֣ǣŵ˸ǣЩֵĺŵֻýǣš
֪˶ãƺоϽ̧ͷ
лվڲԶнĿԣԼΪβԭң
ҪͣͼŨü¶һ˿¡
ǲұץߣ
лѻȴԭûҵҸУ˵ע⡣˳ӡͽӡһ·ߣǿӰ
筸ϽοǱץߵĻԭؿ϶һӡӡ
ƽʱлôܻ᲻Щ
£ֻǹˡ
лվԭأ筣ǵĵҲھβѡ
ǰӣˡ
ҲлƤһҹˣҲɱˣҩ裬Ҳ˷֮࣬ǿŵڲΪǰ֮ˡ
ıץߣֻٲ˼ʲôݱ¶ֱɱȥ
лû˵ֻǽеѵ˹ȥ
筽ӹҲûԶֻ˸ʯ飬ڱ󣬸Ͻ
֮߹˵ӣҲȥѰɣš
лͷͬߵʯ棬ѡ
û뵽ǣվڴ˴Ȼʯ֮ѸOO@@ǡ˫շǳǳɫ
̫
лѻһۣͻȻ̽Ķͷ
签ȵôˣ
ҿշ죬Ϊǲˡлº͡
գգ۾һʱۿɼģΣȷŻҪϺü
˭˭ˣ
Ͳɬ
Ȼɲ˵Ϊлѵɫ졣Ҫ֪ĻҪʲôᱡ֮ˡ
Ͻлµѣ˵ǰѣɡ
ΪմѪ϶ٴߡ
һж׵֮뿪
ϴͨũѣһ·ϣȻؿȴҲֻǱ˼仰ͱߡ
ǲδسڣǰ¡
;ԶԶһһӽŻķͳһʽı
ɭȻ˲˵
Ҳ߹һ㣬ͷ̧
һ·ϣоգ㵽˻¡
˲δһ͹߳Ž룬˻ɮˣߵĲš
ԭſһСɳţƼлڣҲûʣֻ˫ֺʮ˵ӷ
Ȼ𣬿ڷУȴҲҵɮ£
ӣԻºϤЩȵ
лĶˣȻϤˡ
ͷֹ
ܿ죬ȥϴε᷿ΪںɽԸƧ
筸ԺӣҪȥ׿ͼл㱼һҹЩˮϴһ֮һȥŷȪ
ԭļҪŷȪ
ͷһԼϴšѣϵѪζƺûгɢȥ
룬ǵͷӦ
ķ徻֮أȷʵһѪ۾ڡ
Сɳֽˮ֮òԼȫΪСɳһͰˮɴཫͷҲϴһ顣
ʱлھңеֽš
治ŷȪ飬µӡ
ԽɫԽĮ
͸ǻ֮ǰŷȪ˿лɫ˵£ŷȪ˵ֻҪԸ⣬һԸ⽫Щ꣬ܽ׬Ǯ׸¡
лЦƺȤʵ˵жӣ

лͻȻЦҪеֽţȴջɿ
˽ҩƣӪڼ飬սƻ͸¶˱ӺҴʿȻұһ𣿡
ҪҲҪ


56 
Ͷһ, ĵ׸ֱͻͻ
ӣôӣôã
ʵһ, ŷȪȻԸóôһ, , ҲǱһ
лЦôһӣԼһ, ǹԼġ, ô, ӪֱӰ̴򵽱ͥҪңҸôã°Ӳ, Ҳһȫĵض
թ㡣
ͷֱתŵ˵թ£
ھܳԵӵ˿ɲ, ̫֮⣬ֻ¾Ƕ, ٽûʵڲ㣬˭¡
ѹҵʱ˿, ſھҪҪӡԭǴ⣬Ҫͨң³ݡ
ҵҿղ͵͵ǱѺĲ, Ҫʱ, ҲûӦ
һһȥһΣʱ, ж
˼, ˵ֻܷ, ʱ˵ĶǰƿߡҲ˵͵͵Ǳǲȣһ֮䡣ΪǱˣԲǰ˵©졣
ڰٴǰҸһĿڹ˵ѡ
лȴûСŷȪΪ̼֣ȴ£Լһɼй»Ŷҡ
ֻϧϧ
ܿ죬ϴ֮ͷɷ裬л
ӣھȥŷȪɡЩǷ̫ң޲ȥŷȪ
лûţֱӽȥ˲񷿡
˿ڲſڣƣ벻ѣһҹôҶƣ벻
ӡŲ۾Ͻ˵
筿ڵôֻ׿أ
Ͻ˵ǻ֮󣬾׿֮ҹأ׿ǲŻȥЪϢ
ŵͷˣ
ôͦ˼ס
лƿţŷȪһ´Ӳϯûӣû͸⣬Ҳͨ磬һɷùζ
ŷȪŹˣƽܣͻȻѣ˯ֲ˯
⿪ŵ֨ѽһ¾Ͱѡ
ŷȪŽˣһһŮˡӱƴˣŷȪֵ̹ӣˡ
ϾԷƴ£ŷȪ֪ͼҲ׽
Ǹ£ʵλòλɣ
ۣȫʲôϵ
øŷȪȦӣԼУΪޣ⡣
λΪҪĴ£ŷȪЦ
˭֪û˵꣬ͼǰлһذףģ͵سסֽŵŷȪ̹ȥ
Уˡ
ŷȪǰһɱĺС
澹ҲûܣֱŷȪļϣѱлһӣѸ͸Ѫ
΢΢ͷɫȻĴŷȪϵĺ¿־壬ָһת˿Ҳת
ƤиͷƤ顣
筴ǹĮÿһ仰öʵشҪȻһ̣һ⣬һһĸ㲻ŵĻԡ
ŷȪʧǵǰŮ
뵽Աλ̹ӻû֣òŮȻܳô
筰γذףжѪ߰ߡ
óӣذײɾָḧŵĵУָ˸ֻŷȪԼڵĴӦñ˭ǽȳѾڱׯ֮СУҲ㣬ıׯѾȫջ١˭յģĵҲһ
ԣ˵ʵЩνƤ֮࣬顣
ŷȪر֮ǰͣѾ߱ƿҲ֪ԼѾԼӷ
˿̣Ҳȷʵ
ﲻѾõе˲ᣬӦ֪һֱȫΪܽԭϣһֱ͵ǡ
Ϊʵ
ŷȪһת˵ΪӷޣǳƽŮܴ֮ȫߣҲǷ޴гϾȫӡ
ɫ
⼸һֱȫ˽ϡҲȫСĺô
֮ƺֻϸ
뱱ʲôϵڣһֱûڵлʵ
ΣŷȪɫò԰ס
֮ǰ˲飬Ͼǵ棬˲ύԼĻΪ筣ûҵż
Ǵ˿̣лʼ뱱˵ĹϵŷȪֲȷ
ֻлһۣͷ顣
֮ǰʹǸˣĪ̹йأ
йϵΪҪλԼһΡ
ҪǰˣǶûϵֻǰǱôһҪ֤ʡ
ŷȪͷл̹ӣ㲻ֻǼ򵥵˰ɡ
˾׸ƹ٣֮ԻαװˣΪ˱եɲƲ֮󣬲ܴƭٱھҩԱٲŻ΢㡣
ŷȪԶԡ
ںӱߣвʪЬ֮ǰҲҪһΪʵ벻ܽҩ֢ʱʱʳ˾ͻ
Ϊ֮ˣκ£ôɽЩ˾Ǵ׵ĸ
Ըǣ뱱ʲôϵлٴε
ŷȪҪ֪ǰʵˣǾʲôϵһˣٴʣֻΪ֤˵ĻǲǶԵġ
һʱ䣬ŷȪҲ
ңȴҡ
֪ǰѾʹΪŷȪذһӣŷȪա
ǸеһǾʹϮ
Һϻ¡
ذٴϣ˵ˣʵģ͹ԹԻشͺáǲǾãǺ˵˵Ҳû취Ҹ㣬з֤ʵ˵ĶԻǲԡ
ŷȪ̧ͷ
һ̣ĵûнҡ
־Ĳ筵ذףǰʱǸİʹֶΣʹƫƫδʲô˺ۡ
ŷȪһţ˵ˣرĥ˵ķӡ
ȷʵǱ̽ӡŷȪ¶˵ҸǱˣĸԽˡĸһֱ뱱֡
һֱڴ̽Ϣݻر֣ʡ
ŷȪͷ
ڣҲ̲סʵ֮սô£ǲȫ͵ȡӪоƻ
筵ذףεŷȪĲϡ
ŷȪδôǱһСｫڲϣȴҲ˵Ϊ˿͸ź⡣
ĸ˵һٻͻĨĲӡ
ŷȪܴһСС̻쵽زĲǵʶɫûǰɱ֣ǻӲһκ
κҪɱӣٲȻѾ塣
Լٲ֪ҵǸľֻҪȥ
ǣȫһֱҵĻ¸ƽξϣֵ̰ߣزġȫһ֮ҾͿʼһ̡ͥĳڲӣõ˴󺹵׼һϵңȡӪоͼսƻ
ȫôӦˣսذס
ŷȪҲȫӣһһԽˣʵǲԽˣǱֹŮӡŮӻУҸҪǲӦĻҾͻ˵ƽǰ淢뱱˹ᡣ
ȷʵǶ
ɫǮƣ˫¡
ȫĸҲӦŮǱֹŮӣʱ˭ţȫûйᱱء
֤ݣʵ
ŷȪ˵սƻʱҽӵֳһݣҵһݣС
ûС筵
ѾҶ˸׳죬ǸǽϷŵС񣬶лҵ
û뵽ŷȪȻҲ˽
ֲ֤ڱ𴦡
ֻһԵлЦЦŷȪڸ͵Ƿݿڹûᵽ
ʵ


57 
ŷȪׯſ, ȫװĽ嵶ޱ, ֱͦڴſڡ
׸̵º͸ةʱ, ˸Ƽ̣ȶˡ
ô£̵Сֹ
һ, ͽӵϢ˵ǾѪ
̵Ķҵ, Ͻ˸˹
˭֪յſڣͿſһŽĹְԶЩ֮, Ƽ, ĵ⻹Ƿ
ںܿ죬иСӭӡ
̵¹ֵ, 롣
ú, ǰͷ̵°, ˵
һˣ, ƹӰ, ̵ºǰһĻ𾪣˲ɴ˫ۣĿɿڴǰ
ֻټǰյϣڷʬ塣
һһ, Щʬ֫б, Щ, ȫ, ѪɺµĺֺɫۼĿɼѪȿֲ
̵һûסһĹ٣ֳ档
תͷȥŻ˳
ԵĸةǿţԸĶͷ˾ˣʲôɴһ¡
һʱ䣬Ϊ
λˣôˣֱһ
ͬʱ̧ȥֻһŽǧˣͷñͬһѸֵԳȳδǰǹ׺ѵǰ
̵ϵôˣǽǧ֡
˵ˣǽָʹĸѹְǧ֮ǰ컵һ£ҪȻʹλãѾ֡
ˣ̵¹֣һʬպȳζ˱Ƕ
ŻϽ
̵µ̴ӣˮ̵º˿ˮͣŰǹӷθľѹȥ
̵۸֣˼øǧЦˡ
޷Ĺ٣ֳ棬Цˡ˵ţӻͳһסڱǡ
ⷽӣɲá
̵֪ʱǺʱʵʸǧǺʱյ˴Ϣ
תͷ̵¿ۣڰܿ¥Ծƣ˭֪⻹δͽӵϢ˵⴦Է˻֡𶡵ǰȻ𣬷һԺӵˡǽһ˱ׯھȴҲǾ׸ĹϽ֮أȥ˹
˵ţ̵һЦ
ˣòҶ°ɡ
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˸ƣȻ̵һǰȥ鿴ʬ塣̵еӣȴҾֻܾӲͷƤһǰ
˭֪һŴһָŽһʬ壺˵ˣ˿ڲӦһǰûʲôֱӾˣ֮űա
̵´ʧɫһףͷֱð麹
Ͳˣȱնȥһֱۣ︮Ҳֱ֪۱ȥȥǰ˼ʹ
̵²ףΪε˵
ѵԼжλǧ֮
︮ԼͷŵãԽԽȷϣԼۻ軨ճײ˸֣䵽УٲҪһĥ˵׸Ʒľ٣˵ñһССĽǧš̵µС£ĶĽ
ǧˣ֪ҿðǧ̵¹֣ǿջЦ
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̵ͷֹ˵Ȼҿ㻹ûء
öͷ˿죿ϰһļʸһ֧
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˲ʶ¶ϧı飬ͻȻָʸ͵ֱ֮Ӵ͸ľ棬档
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ϴûץǣοɲܵ
֮ǰֱΪԼףץסǰˡû뵽ھѲ˺üգʲôû鵽
ý˿Цָʹ˶һͨ
ʵǴθ־֪ǽС
ЩʿֻǣŴΪֻͨܽôɱ֣ھ棬¶ۼ
̵һȻ˵ǳӤ˵ԭǧ˵ǳƹ٣𿴳ƹٸ뾩׸겻ССùٰӡ
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л֪Ȼᱻֵϡ
ʱ筸մӲ񷿳˷ܶЩû뵽ŷȪȻ浨СһŻʲôй
֮ǰţҵѺ뾩֮ӪʱɳŽƹܣɻ¡Ǳ뾡ŷȪ֤ʳȥⱱٴγزҰ֮
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֪²ףŷȪǸСС̻ƾһ֤ʣܰᵽý֮ǰ˵Щ֤ĳֵǰĻԸԼĶӣߣס㸸𣿡
筳Ĭ
лҲҪڴʱˮֻߵ˴¡ֻҪ̤һʬ޴³Ͼ֮£ǵһΣҲһΡǱҪСĽ
Ҷ˼ʱĶȴӣһ·Ӳܰҡҵ֤ݣͰǰǰ·ѣҲ
˵ʥϣԸԼĶӣĶǧǧĽʿڱ߽ʬ£ĺǣЩȥӢ飬ֻ֪ǱԼ˺ģǰԡѪսκŷȪЩأԼݴƲ˵ȻС
ҵԶĮຮ֮أһ͢Ϊлϻ³޷̡һףñЩ˻ٵ
һл˵ӣҵˣǹˡ
֪֮ҪԵǻӣǻʵ۵ӡ
£ûи׻ԸˣԼĶӡʥϵ֪£ֻҲ뽫ƿ
£ѵûй֣
ǻʵΣܶס֮
ţ಻
زͱ죬̤ƽء
ΪȰǣ𣿡лѹθȻִѹ֣δйĸо
ٴһȵĻ
ǣҾͻԶԶġ


58 
б, Ӱӳڵϣǽһơ
һ뾩, ľϲ
ֻϧѲˣ֮·, ҪһȥŮ, , ȥ
῿л, ̰᲻⻳
ŷȪ֤, ȫŷȪ߷κ֪, ŷȪ˵κһʼ֪Ǳڼ顣ɼκδɥĲ, 뱱ͬۡ
лȴ˼ʣŹκֻ׷ȫŷȪ𣿡
ȴҧסҪŹκ
κΪһ˽, ŷȪͨȫȫͲŷȪ, Ҳ֮֮
ˣҪŹ
Ҳ롣΢΢ҧ
л˵Ȼ룬һҪŹ֮ż, Ϊ²ǲΪҪͼ̫֮ӺͶڳ, ̫ƽ, κ, άϵʼ档δһģֻ°Ͳýһж̯ײκö·һ֡
ĬȻ
лֱսϢһ㰲
ڣлƣҡ
һ㣬ϴϵԩ߳Ρ
Уͷ
һֱϣ˴֮⣬εľǳӤ
˭֪ԺſڣͻȻ춯
筸Ͻƿл˿һ롣
Ҵ̧߽ͷл˵ӣ׸˵Ѱ˵Ǹ˼ѰӦг˼ֵİӣϽȥһˡ
ձл壬˵Լڻ²һա
з𣬴̫󵽻϶ϲ𣬹ԱеķҲˣл˵Ҫ²˻ɡ
л֮ѰڣΪҪҹ̽ŷȪׯ
µڶմӳǲ˿Ҳиڡ
һⲻھôˡ
ӣȻ£ϽȹȥɡŷȪߣһῴܵġ˵
лͷһ
˵գ뿪ֻתʱ̲סתͷ筿һۡ
л߳ţųΪҪ
һϽ˵ӣҪպ֪ʵݣηӦ
ԭɫ̩ȻлȴΪ仰һ³ɫ
һ޲õԼ죬໰
ȵ̩ɽǰɫˣͷһΪһ仰پ̨ˣû⡣
һһĻǱ𣬾Ϊ̫⡣
ѣȴΨһ£鲻֪𣬴ʱƺѸ᲻ʦʹ˵
ϿѰŮӣжԹ
֪ԼߣʲôķӦ
лû
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ǣȥĶˣ筼ʡ
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ո֮㣬һᣬص÷˰δСμӡΪδּңһλĵճС㡣
ò֪ȥ֮һֱûԺӡ
ͨˣֻǴ̽δϢ
֪һлãŷġ
Ѵӳţ֮ǰھ¶棬ޱõеĶóȻֻ֣ٴЩʿ
Ҳֻʱί㣬ڰٴϼա
ߣȥѴӻ筺ԥ˵
ֻ筸Ҫ߳ȥͻȻһ㶣ŲԶĲ񷿣׿㲻ҪȥˣŷȪס
ץŷȪͳ
ѵлʲôϸ𲻳ɣ
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κһỳ̫ӻ߶ɷ޲һ֪ھС
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С㣬׿ֺһ
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Ѷ׿һͬ뿪
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˵Цɽתû뵽ھȻҪȥ
ԭͷɣһ㶼ɻǸȦס
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˶һۣ筲ǰɽխֻݵһƥǰȥɽͿһƬĿյء
һͣɽߣѾڵϣϵѪһء
筴˿ٴսһŵˣŷֲԾΪˣȻȫ档ֻһ˴ź£һǴѰѣҲ
ЩУΨһһûģȻǸӣһ֧ɫӧǹ֣ǰ棬һ򵱹صơ
Ҫֳֳӧǹˣڱϵˡ
筶ǰĻңŪô㵲ѡ
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ѹַɽ濴ţǼս֣Ϊʵ̫ˡ
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£ˡ
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ͷֻǵͷʶס
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ۿʣһˣҲҪⶾ֡
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̵Ĳ˵Ǻúһɣ㣬㡣
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վ筣¡
⼸ʿ֪Щ˺ηҹɱôˣ;ܻġ
ǰˣǽϵˣ׼ȷ˵еоϵå졣
˿ǣ˽սʱ˿·硣
ЩѧĶɱеı죬˵ãǶԱ˴ʮϤУûһ˾ͱɱĽڽڰˡ
Щ˲δע⵽筡
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Ůӣóδʩԣһ˫岨٣ɫڣزŨŴѣľĶǡ
ƺĿꡣ
ֱӷ뻤ǲȻֱ筣Ҫٳ
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筵ͷж̵ҪˣеȾѪ
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֡ȡɡ
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筶ֶȷɣȴİܽɳ¼˵һֶȷڱ߹أǽֻ֮ϧʱױսɳ
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ʱҰܲѣһɨơ
˵ǵս޵С
֮ʥãر߾뱱ͥųư¸ҵʿڲӣĲݡ
ڲҰģᱱְ˲ȫ߾ͼռ߾ǳأñ˰ݶӵϰߣΪƬصˡ
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תͷһֱδѣתͷԶʵ࣬Ͽɴˮ
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ûǸϽѴ˴ɨˡ
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תĵһ
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ƺҲûֶȷɣֱӱԼ
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صߣ߿ŵķˣʵʲôˣ
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СĽŽǣǽʿǡ˵˵žʹͷƺ˼Ǵĸ˵ڡ
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ǰһŽ߷ڵأгʣλε⣬Žǰ
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ʵĻ֮˵Ϣģ֣
Ҳ֪ģеģ˻ڳࣿŽǳ˼һü˵ҵǼһΣǸʮĹӸ磬ƽʱӦҲǾɫ֮ͽͦ顣
䣬һϣŭ˵˵ʲô
Žŷ֣λһλŸ˷٣һλһŮģϽԴͣȴͻȻ۾һˣۣ߳˸ӣͦԵġ
⻰һ
㣬֪˭筼ķӦʵ
ͷ˵ĸ
ͣסͷò˵ϣֶӣۣҶ߳˸ӡ
Ҵ˻Ǹɫ֮ͽ¥ͬԼҺԺ
ȫͽԡ
ϵֶӣɫ䣬̲סҧݣûѺ³ڡ
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뽫ߣͲɺ˸
筡
˭֪Ľٷ˳ΪԷģֹԷɱ
ܾˣ筼˸ˡ
㲻㡣
үҪվء
ϻǲ붯öˣίԼֶӣֶֻӾȻɫ죬ߣȻҪٳˣΪԼĽ.
筹˵ͼͺ޲ɱ
㣬ίˡ筵
ҡҡͷȶˣպܻбӦ
ͻȻסƣǵؾ
ôˣͻȻĽŸȾ
˵̫նֻǰųžͻɢ㱻˽ٳֵ飬
ȻҲԸٴǸĶȴԸһˣ·ٷˣ㹻ٵһŮӡ
Ҫ룬Ҳһ׵뿪
Ǵõһˮ
*
Ϧ£ǱϼȾʣĵİ΢ϣĿ˿̽ϵˣڹңڹҵ·ϡ

͵ңڸϷ󣬾ſڵһʯʨӶһȹɡ
һڴſͣ£ļ
עĿģһƥŵһˡ
۵һˣнϵ˶̲סĿڶſͣʱ˿ʼ۷׷ס
ȺˣŲѰס
еѰ
ȴһ³㽫һѶ̵óа档
ơĶ̵
ЩԾ筡
ͼƫͷ㣬أǲҪү˱Ӧ
ŮϾ¶һ˿Į
ⱨӦ
һ䣬ж̵֡
ƫУֱֱǰš
ֱһ죬˴š


59 
бƵ飿
һƷĴ, һѵ˿̣筣ϵĶ̵, Ȼ¶һ˿Цݡ
ƺԼ⵶׼
Ķ˰ŷҶӲųģ֪ʲôط¸Ͻ뿪
һתͷһ۴ţͻȻһѵ档
, , ֪֪ǹȻҰѵӲڸϣǹ죬ŷС˱ŵõһ, 
Сתͷͬ죬Ͻȥܼҳ, ˵, ˵ˡ
˿, ϵˣԽԽ࣬ΧۿϷ˼
ʲôϽߡС˼״, ǳ⡣
ЩŴ֮, ŷС˶һƽյӲʣ, Сһǳ, Ż˴󲿷ˡ
ȻҲпֲ´, ԶԶš
ûһᣬһǹµˣ˳󻹸ۣǵŷС˵Ŷ˵ͷ£ֱӴ˳ϡ
ȻһƼϵĶ̵ɫˡ
ѰģŻôɰɡ˳ȥ棬ˤڵϡ
˴󵨣Ťͷǳ⣬ָվŵһˣŭˣŤͼ١
¡ǰһ
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ŸĻ˵ٽȥиŮ죬Щڡ
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ˣھˣǳɡ
һһˡӣϽеĹ˭óж೰
ǽ֮£͵һʹˡЮҴ飬ǿԼ̡ǷҪ׷Ю飬Ҳ飬׸ȥԩϣȻв
ɫ࣬
ǳ֮߳һѽ˹ȥ
վȺſǣ񶾣ƺʱҪҹ
ֻͷɢϣֱ󣬻ǿסת뿪
筣ͣȥʱ̲סתͷʵ֮ǰˣǶǸޣЩ飿
Լ룬ġ
˭֪գȴһЦֵ˵ĶͷȻ͸ϴԼǸӣѷ޿ıʲôҷſޣҲͷˡ
գգ۾
Ц㲻˵Ķռ·û˷֡ǽ֪Ǹ̩в֮ģҪҰׯϣֻ޼̩̩֮ԻлɳãҲϸᡣȻҲĸ׶ᣬջϡ
ĸģ˵ǲϵıӦ
ף۾ԷŴ㣬㶼ݵģ
ѵ¶һƤЦ⣬ʵݵĿɻã
ҪشͻȻһ
̧ȥͼлվԡ
ӣôˣ签ȵ
л߹ϵ⣬ưҹ»º͸Ž˰ĵĳ侲͵Ϳڵھ׸ҵģ
ԭڰ⣬صһȥ˾׸
ֻҪڻûӰ˾ͻȥл
ȻҲ֪ӲǾ׸һССƹ٣δܺѫӣĪţӻ
ģĵš
˿̣ˡ
վǰ
ĵ׵˼ʵƣλǣ
筰´꣬ζûҵʵݴʣã˵λǳӤ̹ӣ뾩֮һֱڰҡ
˵ţ˵ţϲԾ𵭵Ρ
ôͻȻ֣ĸо


61 
һĨϦѾʧ, ʱԲ¸߹ңɫӯɴǡ
ꤹʯ·ϵ, Žϲͬ, ҹ, ַǷǵ̲ס, 档
£·ʲôŵζ
筼״㣬ôˣ
ǰǺǺ޵, Ҷϲϲ, 񾭷䣬ȴ֣ƺĻϲĵ
ƽ, ˳, ӵʱвÿɹ
Ψеȵʧȥ, ŷĵġ
֪, 㡣
˵㣬һ𶼺ˣֻҪǰŷȪ֤ݶȥ֮ս̰ðܡ³ƽľλ޷ָ, ǵ϶ܳ
, Ժƾдһָ޷
筵ͷ, ŷŹЦݡ
ֻͻȻ̾˿, ˵ֻ, Ҳ̫á
, ֻҪԸ⣬һ˿Զһ𡣴ҲõǮ⣬ҵ׬Ǯ㹻͵
Ͽҵģһ¶
ǰŮγ˫ָͷ㣺ƴˣܸü˰ɡ.
ҲˣҿԶŴ㡣
һЦָ΢̧Өϸ֣֬ٴһ
Ը⣬ֻҲ˲Ըɡζ
筼濴һ㶣ŷӦָ˭ϽӾԽصĹϵϾ;ʶԵɺϣסԺӾסԺӵĸڡһֱΪչˡ
ͻȻ筳Ĭ£˵ֻƬӶо֮
Ϊֻǽöˣ筲ܻ䣬л飬ԭԭ
֪£лˣ޵Ѳ飬˿
ұȥ֮һֱҪ㴫Ϣ֮£û뵽ԭǵʱǸڡο
筵ͷҽ˵ĻˣҴ˵ܽ飬Իȥ֮̽ܽǣŷȪˣҹ̽ıׯû뵽ȻҪŷȪڵɱ֡
ڱׯɱ֣
ͣ˵һ飬ɼ˫Բɣգۣ©ʲô
ÿ֮ץ֣㲻Ծս
֪˶֮ͣס
̧ͷ⿴һۣһ˵ҹɫȳЩٻȥɡ
ӦǳЦ
˻³ںͷƼվԵӡ
ǰΪܻŮ֮𣬲δϸϸλ̹ӡ
˿̾¥ǰ߹ŵĵҡҷӵ͸ŧƹ⣬ǰӵϣ¿ˣͱѰӾ޶ˡ
ɣһӣ䲻Ǿӣȴʮֵͷ绪۽޼˫͸䣬üԴһɻ䣬˿Ų۾
ھǣ֪ٷ˴ԼӵܣǼλӵ£Ρ˿̻̾лȻֲȾĳ
Ҳ˵ֻǸ׸Ʒƹ١
λ̹ӣʵ˽ǳλƽƽպزѰˡ
ΪŮ죬лصҪ˸ᡣ
ó̹صһˣʵ̫鷳ˡһ£˵
л˵ˣ˵Ҳδæ
֮£лǸУȷʵʡҲδٶᣬ֮ǰ˵顣
»бׯ֮£ƶ˵ǧﶼ޷ҶԳ̹ĸмձԲƣһȻѰ䣬ֻҪҪұȫԸԸй֮
˵꣬лԼһˮ
л΢վɫ£ҰҪңҲͼպܱңֻǳڱġ
ĻͷȴȽвˮһ
л꣬˸µƣǻǲĿ
ҲǣЦº󣬵˵̹һڱģʵҸжҵ飬̹Ѿ֪ˡҸԩƽֱҶһֻŮֶ֮ʱ򣬺޲øգҸ׵Ĺϵ
˵ֻƮƮļ仰
ɵճʱδĴݷҵ岮ƽõ岮
ûһԸվ
˵ʲôԩⳡ̣ϵЩȥĽʿһ
ƨ
ѵĽӦò֮սΪζܣζܡ
һǲһױݣ˿ûܵŮٻҵ飬ҵ֤ݵģҲơûչ˺ǳ̹㣬Ƽˮ꣬ȴȡ
˵ţԴʣлǰʧ
һ뵽һ·գģͷƲס
ˣ㣬ô˵ȥٷֻ¶ٳˡ筹ⶺȤͼҳصմɢ
ҲԼ˵̫࣬Щ˼
ڣСܿ콫ȶ
˶ʳ޲رҹ緶
֮л¥һ£㣬Ҫҽհ㵽ջסһա
תͷ˵˶ӵĿջҸԺӣ㰲סţ˭ܴ
סʵ
筼ô˵Ц᲻ңҽվһסջգҾͰȥլӡ
ȴûбתƻ⣬Ǽʣҵ˼ǣ֮ǰסںδ
Сǰ밢𰻹׿һסֻ˸СԺӡҲ֪׿Ҫңס᷿ڡ밢һһ䣬ʵûӸסڿջｫһұ㽫լӶһ׼׵
ȥջһס˵
뿪ֻһѾ뿪
ⲻ̫ðɣʵҡգգ۾ɣҿһۣС˯ǲʵܻ߱϶ϰߡ
Ϊˣﲡ꣬ϼңһֱһ˯ǽ㵥˯㻹޿֡
筺ߵʱС
ڰҲǸСŮ
֪⼫Ҫ筻ؼס˵ʲôȥջ
ֲֻý˴ȥ
ӿڣŵﴫ̫ŵζ
ΪһͨգٶˣŪΧ˼ҽп졣رǴʱ죬һȣζԽš
ƽʱԼв̫ע⣬Ͼռڼңȥæ顣
һĶĶŤ
лŵǰ棬·
ſڣӾʣ¼·ȻؼҰɣǡ
лԣδֻ֣ǽݸ筣ŵҲ·
ã㵽Ҽˡ筸Ͻ֡
лǾȥ
筣
һֻܶѡһ
ⷬԻһЦ
л᲻ʧֵĿ£ӹ˵ֻû뵽ӹֱʱʱʳֱָĦ¡
ضľٶ
Ŵ档
ôң
ĵ׵һЩ᲻ȣǰˣȶɣһţҾͲˡ
ô·߹ɻ


62 
ѵ, һĵƻͨʥæ֮ʱ, ͨﵩǳе顣
ֻǽѵ, ȴǸš
²ڸ׸󳼹θǫ, ̲˼, ̫ӡκԼٽ
͢سԼλ, Ϥ
ν¡ء
˿ָ̾ʹֻվ˵˿ջ껰һƬ, ֱž, оᱬһ
֮ϵĵ, ڳص, ľѪԺӵˣǽɱֵӰӶûǲǵ»Щɱ, ˻ʹ, ǲЩӦ
˵¡ļγˮ
˵ӽ£˾ھɱ, ֱ
¡λô, ѾȨץ, ³пƻӵ, , ƽ⳯õֶΰˡ
½Ϊ, ԼҲ⡣
ȴ˲ĵӣҪֽң¡޷ܡ
ʵ۽˵أϽ
ٺԩֻ˵ʥϢŭְأҵһա˷ѪǷڳ⣬˽˸ۡɱڶ࣬װǸϵ֮ʱɱѾҹɫȥ΢ѾùؿĴһ׽ͽƵô˰
ۿŻʢŭУ̫Ӳò˵ʣ˵һռ䣬ǰжţв˽´ķзŪĲƽ˰Ӱ̫󣬲̲һԱܾư
һ̫ôº̲һ롣
̫Ӷ׸ɫ£һԲԱߵǫСĴʥϼۣҲδڡ
һ̫ӳĶȴһ̬ڵʣΪ̫ӵǣЩ˵ھ֣ܶʥпĸЩ鰸飬º̲ΪʣϾǲǲ鰸мҡ
˵˴γѪıԷŷȪˣ˳Խڴ꣬һ뾩ȨĶࡣıԷ䲻ѪܸͼıʲôֻܲΪɱ˶Ȥɡ
̫üͲ˵
ⷬνǵŷȪԽ˵ھȨͽı
ԱǧС
˵Щĵ֣λĮ֮صıֲ䡣
λϵԽƸ׳ƳʵһֱСϡ
һԽˣıԷͻȻѪϴⲻ˾Ƿǣʲôı
̫ܾöһڣ¾ġ
ЩֵĲɿȻ̫ǴɶӢӢԶ˼ƽ͵ȴС
¡вɽ¶ˮԶ˼ȴһʥϵˡ
֮ŻԶ˼óĻûϥΨһĶӶ˶Կ·
̫ҹܽ£ǶЩҲû̫ʹӡ
˿̹ǿڣδжȷʵӦȴ˷ôˣȷʵӦϲ飬ǰһҪȻǶҲҲŪĻ̻̣
ѣһڱ̲סҪĨ
¡Ѳ¼ˣʣдº̲ܸиͷģ˭ʣ
λϳΣλϿɾɫ졣
κ̧ͷִ£ԥȻ֣¿ڱ˽غһԵлţţ²ؼȻɽ
̫ӺͶˣ¡ۣƺʥϿڡ
˼ڣ̲飬±ڣΪ޲ܶԴ֮˵ף鰸ǰ̲æ̲λı񷴵ں󡣡
¡۽鲻ãϾ˭Ѫ졣
̲ϳڶ
˼ڳһʵ֮Ȼְ̲ȴүֲմϵէȻʵôŵøϽء
ˡϳѡ̲£һȫԸ׹鰸
ʵҲƣˣ̧̧֣ʾ¡
λϴ˵˵⣬ǹ֣Ž뿪
ڵҪ̫Ӹʱֻ̫ӼȼƳȭڴߡһԵлǹУ̫ӵ£ôȼδãգΪ壬Ҳ̰
ǵСѽСˣĸֵܲˣ˶š̫Цһº͵
л䲻̫ӵ̫һ򹧾ΪΪ˵͵УԵҲΪ
Ƕϵɽ𢣬˲ͬ
л͸ųֿĹģȴֲ̫ĵΪá
һԵĶ̲סЦһڵ˵Ķԣ̫ǴҪ塣
̫ɨһۣȻģ㼪ԣᱣ塣
˻Ͷ࣬˵꣬뿪
κһֱû˵л誻סģôһδ
ʥϣǺԡκл뵭Ȼʾ
л誵һЦֱһһߵɲƽ¡
˵˵ƽʲô磿лתͷʵ
лû뵽˷
ˡлԱǸ⡣
лҲ˵ʲôһ֣ﳤȥ
ֻǶûվڳļеŶԷȥӰϸһĨЦݡ
*
ѵ
뿪Ȼž⣬ˣû˸ҷһ졣¾ǺҲ̲סŻ
¡ỽǰǲϵѣūȥʢһ³
¡ۻӸ߸ϵվߵԱߵ
££ѵϴŵѥͷϣ۳ˣ˵ε飬޵ĸйأ
̫ӣ
ģ
ǵǼûע⵽ġ
ӽ˴ɱ䣬ˣֻҲҲˡ
£Щϵ£ū䲻λӵ£һԱТδرĵӡ
δأ¡ȴĻУһۡ
ϽڵأūŸūˡ
¡ȴƣڰ֣ɣҲˣ𶯲šʹҲͻܸ˵ϼ滰
źʵۣѳʮꡣ
κһλӣߣҪԶ
ʼҹ⣬һ¶¹ǽԶ
ɶӵǺӣмţʵͻȻ˸⡣
̫ҽ˵СԼĪ³ʱ꣬Ǹòͷ
¡ЦһȴֻĵĲСӡ
һȫĺӡ
ô˼ֻҪУżЦЦ޿ޱá
¡ĵ׶ףˣȻʼһĺӡﶦʢ֮꣬ӱܵ뷨˸治飬ʹֶΡ
˶֪ʲô¶Ǿ
*
ڣ۵ĹºͬСԺŲǰŮӡ
ԺӺһԲǰǰ⣬˺ü顣
Ը̲ס˵Ҫһȥջסɣֻһϡ
˵꣬תͷͻȻᡣ
筵ʱ㣬Ҫǲϲסǻطǡ
ǲϲỹ䣬筲֪
Ƭ̺ʵΪסҶ֪סֵط
ǺŮ֮󣬸ǹӷˣǸŹŮǹٷˣδԹһ˿ࡣ
Ұ䣬ҲֻǱڸڣˡ
էȻ筣סּªũСԺ͸ƾɲ˵Ժ䶼ûԺСԺӱխЩƽʱҪõĲ𣬻ͼû֮ء
֪ԼϽοտʼʱΪ˵͵£Բסط˵ԺǼªЩҲίԴҲѹ
Ĩᣬ㲻ûﵽ㣬ǿ޿䡣
ֻӵ
ƼһԵİ𰣬˵Ҳɴˣһ·ίˡ
ūֻǸū澣ƵίҸСߣȥĶԸġЦûûεģĵ׺Щ
һֱڼǣ筻ʵС㣬׿أ
ڱ𴦣ҿһˡ˵
˽ķ䣬ܰ˵ʱ䡣
һգǽȥȻִһȥ˰õ˺飬ֱҵĲִ١
˳飬ͷãһֱѡһû뵽ҡΪзڣֻȫҲǰһ˵ĵ
Դ֪ĵ׾һֱ
筵ο㣬Щ˶ΪԼҵһ˽ƣ͢·޲ǵŮҲ뷽跨ӱ֡˷ҲǸ֮ˣﲻڱ
ãŷȪ֤ݿȫУʵ
˵˲ỹżЩҪĻŷȪ֤ϾЩ˲żκԵϡȥɱŷȪǧȷ顣Ҫǣβϴ
죬̾ºҲȥҹһЩ岮ǶԹۡ񼴱ȥǣֻҲ޼¡ϾʱǣӣǺ޲öĸԶ
û£Ѿѵ鶼ˣԵġЦһ
ڴϣǰδʣĵȴǰδеɡ
㡣筵ͻ峺Ц
š
Ӧͼ筿ͷ
ܿ죬˵ʼúѴڰ˯С
ǳ˯Уһǽ֮Ժ䣬лδ˯£ϣе˲ᡣ
ڵҹ֮ʱԺﴫһ
л
һ¾װ˿Ҫҹ֮С
ӣķԸȥŷȪ˵լȻֵǸ£Ǹϣδ뿪ŷȪ˵ģƹԿ׺ֻҪڣõӡ͵˵
лκûŷȪʬ壬϶ᶢŷȪ⡣ȥŷȪ˵ֻҪóӣҾκעתƵ𴦣һĻᡣ
õó𣿡
лָ˲ᵯ£ЦһһȻòκǮӣܽǮƣȻŷȪ׸κκȴֻһС֣뻹ǽŷȪơ
ŷȪŵӣʵ붼κµġףΪŷȪôʹŵ
˵ӣԼһ
ɲʹ
ʣӣôתκߣ
ȫǻӪҹκɳô˶ûɱŷȪһỳһڱŷȪɴй¶ŷȪĮϢκκΪȫŷȪκȥȫǾ˵ȫй¶֮£κȲ֪ºҲһ֪
Ϊ֪ԲŻţȫԸһӣҲҪŷȪΪκŷȪǸܵˡ
Ͷòкá
һȿκעתƵĮǿԳûõӣ̽κ֪֪ȫйͶһ¡
ȥ졣˵
л£ʮΣաϾκɱֿһ·׷ɱǣҪѡִдµˣмҪСġ
ӷģ¶ʹ
*
һҹƺ꣬ڴϣεδ
ɵԭ˯е筣һξС
ǸξҲꡣ
ɫϸ꣬ضֳģһƬ
εԼվһͤƺΪ꣬ƺˡ̧ң棬˿֯һƮͤڡ
ϸϣͤͤȴĪ
·տյͤƺܸ
̨ͤ״̤ˮĽŲÿһ̤£ˮ̤ͤڻת
ֻϧξУһƬģǿԷ
˵Ǹһ㶫С
֮󣬱ԷΪһѰξɡ׼뿪Էȴһס䣬ӣס
ҶṼ㡣
ڣ˶ԷһȻ
֮ƺоԼİĻ
ξȻֹ
筱ѣŷҹֱ꣬һҲûͣ¡
̲סֱ۾ƺǸӵĴУƺӵĻͬ
̧̲ס˿
ͷһУĳΪ֮£һһ飬筱㻳ɴǰѷ顣
ѵǸӣҲˣ
һӡ
һʱͷָӣѵԼһֱ֮䣿˵ǰӲδ֣ˡ
Īξĵ׾ȻЩա
̲סһˣٺ˼롣
ξˣٴγ֣ҲҪᶨġ
ȵȡ

ʲôգһƵĺ˼롣
һ˯Լء
ҡͷûУûУû롣
筸Ͻٶʡ
ΪļױڰҲڣױʲôڡϱͬһţһȥݵС
ȥլӣôļױõĵطûС
еľһͬͼ·һ¡
ֻˣи߾״ֽģĶˣˣСҪԩΪС
ǸģֻµпͷˡоƼҡͷ̾˾䡣
筺δȴԼͬͣ£ԩ֮ˡ
ֻͣ£δϵҲûǽϵ˶׷פ㣬߿
Ƽһֻ޳ȳƵƣ
״ֽùơ
ƺڷԸϳСˡ
ȴҲ׻㣬Ӳԭء
Ǹˡ
Һ壬ƺ״飬Ψ筣۾һڳ˵仰󣬾ͼ£δ¶档
ƺԱоͣ˵ˡ
ʵʶλ𣿡
ȻʶģԺʷˣǳѹ˸λ˵ĳ϶Ѿ̽λ´˵š
һ֡
´ǰ


63 
뿪, 筻վԭء
ơһ䣬㽫ʧˣ˻
筽Ŀջ, Ѿʻֵһˣʧȴתͷоͣλ´˹Ϊ, ΪʱΪ
Ȼλʷ˵ʮȥѲʱ, ײѹգ˵, Ǹնͷʾڡ
筺Цţ֪ͷϷ˵ĳɷ֡
´ǰǼʷƷĹְȻƷߡǳҰ£û˸Сʷ, ΪǿɴѲķְ𣬸ɴ, Сϡ
ƽƷԱʥ֮ȨʷдȨֱ֮£ʥ
˵´ǰֱնɱ, ǵ;˵

ʵ, λ´ˣΪǼʷ, ְȨ, ϵֱ֤ӵݸʥϣ
΢, ֮£δ뵽
һѣ筲˼µĿԡ
˵֤ݣ޷Ǿµݲϸǰ˰;
Ѽ
´ǰ紫˵ǰȷʵǸ;ϾΪʷֱʥϵ֮Ȩ
ȷʵǸӣ´ǰǷ紫ǰ㣬ϸһǴֻͽֻǵ֤ݷ֮֡
ͷκͷֻ¿ҪǽǸھɱ䣬֪֤Уһ㡣
棬ǲδ̸۴¡
լӣȴһլԺȻ󣬵ʤű¡
լ䲻󣬲Ǽ˿ڼ򵥣ȵҲǹסƣһֱίЩǸ
筷ľ֪ѡ⴦լӵԭ򣬾ǲ̫עϾڻӦõ͵Ϊ
ԽǶ£Խۡơ
ҵĵճӡŮĸСһԴöȽá
ң筴СͱլδھܹһպŮ١
ǰˡ
ֻƣٲһ˿ί
ҲίھռһԲЦ
լʱóӣҪ
û뵽ȴƣаڣӾŵ˽Ǯ
筵Ҳûһִ
Ƕ·Ӻȥո
һ˵ڣϸܺŷֲֻͬвٿˣĹ׷׽ͷӶСп֬ɫ
筽¥ϣָϸϸ˵ո顣
û뵽һСС֬ӣĻ
筽Ʒϸѡϸƣвõģ㾡˵
ھ᲻á
ϸѡÿ֬ɫֱűƿһٵ𣺡С㣬ˡûƼ㣬ƷҳٳҲҶҡ
Բ𣬶ԲҲ֪пˡҦ۸Ͻˡ
֮筺
֮Ҧ۵ı֣ʶ󣬱㻽֡
ҦſڶסŰţֻƼͷģӰ
筵ɣҪ˵Ҫ顣
Ҧţһȹ֣ұˡ
λǣҲЩ졣
֣ص㣬λҦҦӡҳ뾩ǣʶɳ֮ոһͬӪ
ոС⣬ҶǴְæ
ȴҡͷ˵֮أȴû˵ʵ
˵꣬Ҧ֣һŪҦЩãȻ޴롣
ֱ筿˵ʵҲʲô̼֮ŮҸӪ˧ǰ֮սױܣƽҶҲŻϾһֱҶԼݡ
Ҧ۱ϢҵĻͷת
ãȻ˿筣תͷ
λҴ㣬
Ҧ۸Ͻ̼֣ԾѫҲЩ˽⣬ո֬⣬Щѫ˼Ҷһ
ƽĴλ޵λ
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̾һ֮Ҫ˵仰ȻˮҪˡ
Ҧʶ̧ȥû뵽ôɵ˲ԼͬЦŪҦշ죬βѡ
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˵Ҧҡͷɣɡɲ㶪Ҳܣ㲻˵ǵδڸء
ǣҦָָԼָ筣׿ڶµĳŵ
һԵ
ʧЦԹԹûж˵ʵϾسţȴʧš
Сңû˵ʵɡֻһھĳɫȮءΪС£С㡣СҲ׶ңҲּҡ
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ֻһüֵֻλҦӣ꣬˵ҲδȢס֪
ЩëȻϽ˵뵽ȥˣҦ۾ްǾǴѣһϻ⡣
һµӣλҦȷʵûϵйϵλ̹ӡ
筿Цã֪ǹġ
ʱ筽͵УһװڳŹʱ˳ǡ
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뿪֮󣬾һֱ
ŷȪ֤ˣҲҪá
ԺӣƼ׿ڣô磿
Щ˶ңصػװ硣Ц
뿪ո󣬾ͷ˸ǡصȻ˼ңԻԷΪСԺӡ
ȣ˶ˣκµ𣿡
ǣӦˡҡͷ
ǰˣ˶ŴֻҲ֪ǲŷȪ
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ŤͷлԺ¹ϣͦüһĳȻǸӡ
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ֻ´֮ʼ¾һı
筲⣺Ǹڻ·ˣ
ڻΪʳܽ۫ӡǲߣȾ֮ǰвǴ۫ӱסʵԴ빬У̫漰ӣŭѣԻϱ֮
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л۵һ˿·Ϊͨ͸ϻۡ
̧ע筣ǵĻǻϽʥеһѼ⵶ʥϵһ˫䡣
ֱ
Ȼ׷˰ǽŷȪϢĮļһԽκͻϵߣתĮǸû֪κµĹԴ̽ʥ⡣κһȫʡ
˽ʿżٵŷȪһ·ĮŷȪдһŸȫȫȥ֡һ;װػϾͻ֪ȫᱱһ¡κŷȪ֮Ĺϵǽ˰ɱŷȪ˿϶ᱻ
Ц㣬ǲ־ֻҪǡ
ŷȪȫ뱱йأ漰ͨѹ
Ĵ󰸣϶׷ᣬһҪŻڻ
ʵִҪԼĶӣͻɱȫʱǽȫҲֱɱˣδˡ
Ǳ߹޹ĽʿҪԸĶӡҵҪ
棬ڶġ
筵˵ʥִҪԼĶأ
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Щ˼ȴʵ˵ҹɫ̲סҪߡ
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ӣվҪˣҪ⴦СԺߡȥûӦǰ˵һϾ顣
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סǸСԺζװµġ
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ͷίͻΪԷһҹཻʿ飬ཻ
̫ã̫ᣬֻǰ࣬筶ðġ
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֪Ҫʲôȴ޷˵ڡ
Ϊĵײϲ
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ԺѾһ顣
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ƺֻǰʵ
л͸һѹֵķʵҲʶӣ㻹ϲ𣿡
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64 
筱ֱۿס, Ϊ̫ĺȻ裬͸Ϣ̲ס
ǰ, §ø, , һ˿Ϣ
㺦ˣ
ԭ˿ɳ, ͳǽϵӹ, ÿһֶͷľս
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˴˵Ӱ, ҹС
һִδйĲİĵлδ, оڰζϣûС
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筣ʲô֪ҲǸӣʵǸ͸ˡ
һУĿġ
ôԼΪʿɣôȫΪԼ
ͱֻӣǻʵֵܵĶӡ
ģȫҾ͵ıΪôһֱүΪһȨƣҪڻϿ
֮Уȴ亱Ĺƶ
ʹôӣ趷ҪҲúӣΪƫƫľӹе˶֡
ʲô֪
ֻ˭˭Ұԩ
ôŹƶֺҹҹѾ꣬ߴ꿪ʼһֱŬŵǣѾưܲ
ɳ筶ߣ
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筸ܵľҲƲס
ͻǰδеıЩδķףĵܵЩ尾֪ԼδЩʲô
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ֻǵãлȥһɽϣͷǳ˸ⲩǿʶƺʲôʲôᡣ
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һΪǸ˵ģǸ֮࣬·ֻûʧ
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ŷȪЩȷʵȲ֪
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˭֪ϯ룬ͻȻ˼
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Զλϵκл룬ͼ۵һ˿ϲ
ƣԸӣ֪
л֪ǻʵ֣ȫ
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65 
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ͷ˵֪Ҳġ
л˵ʲôҪգҾһ𣬰ƿˡ


66 
, ȫ֮һȻھСδһ, Ӫ, ƽսܺ, 񻹱Ρ
ȫͻȻ˰ɱ
糯¡ڳӪ˧ѡŷ, нŵ֣ȥȻܵΡ
̫л˵, ӪǷֵĵһߣÿССս, ֮ӦϤӪ֮ˡⱱֳҾ˧֮λȱ, ұ߹ǡ
ϣŴ£
Ϥ֮ˣ
ϤӪˣ񲻾Ρ
л΢̧ͷŲǰ̫ӡ
̫⣬ֱ˾֮ģ·˽֪
ǽ̫Ȱø, ų, ݾ֮, ֻ»óƽĵ̫ӡ
Ρ
л¶һ˿Ц, Ȼ, ̫˵꣬Զ˼վ˳ϣټ½ι⣬¡ʮ꣬ιԶڳ壬Сϱ׳Ƴٲ
Զ˼ϮӢҲѫУͷ֮ˡ
ϾھѫУܹƷģֻһˡ
ǹϵ׸磬޺ԹΪ
ȫһ£մл誱Զ˼ҹֶԲߣһΪ½ιʵˡ
²⵽̫һô£û
̫Ӽѡл誾ٲѡ
ιⲢǵˣһǻһ
̫Ӵ˿̼Զ˼棬ȻԥʣιڳʤϵĮر𡣿ι⻹ҪѺϤӪϤֵˡΣٸҴ˵档
ϣΪɡһ£δ𸴡
ϣ˼
ϣΪҪӦɼ
ǵһΣڳϣΪĲɿ
֮ǰֻ𣬻϶ɫݡ˷ƺԳƽ̬ɶƺ֮ǰǰʹ
ЩԱһһʮ̬ɶʱ
ˡڸڵĻʵۣڻصĹ£ϳ
˫Ϭ峺˫͸Żǵ̬ӣ̨ˣ˵»顣
̫ӺӢȻ˭ҲûռϷ硣
Ƿĵףһ˿ңûûеԼǻлᡣ
ϵۣܿ촫˳ҰлȻҲš
ҲûŽϢ筡
ֻ֪ǣ⼸ҲûڼС
ԺţλʷƽڣҲ˽֮⣬гдǷĵط
û˻ԸԺţմ߶롣
Ͼһմϱߣ˵׼Լñصʱ
´ǰΪʷżסڣЩӻÿյîؼҡţ
ϳСˣÿյ·ȥ
ڣ´ǰͻȻСͣ£³С˸ϳ뿪ƺҪȥ¡
˵زǹٻ¸ۡۼ֮ƽվ۾֮أԵ¥Щ¾ɣΧ𣬲ȡĺõط
´ǰӣѥ·ϻԵøտȡ
ͻȻߵĵطŲͣ١
⼸գΪ´ǰỺʵ
ڿһˣƺĻֻΧשˡ
´ǰδãŻٲұˡ
أ΢̧ȴһӰ
´ǰתʱһĹƺδ֡ɨǰһۣǳɫȹ˿ںڣʤѩһ˫ӭŰͣˮ٣ˮҡҷ
⼸һֱң֪ٳ͢ԱǴ̷֮´ǰ࣬͸һ˿̰塣
̫ӲԺĵطǶһĵӲ
ˣ˽³éʯͷֳӲ
ȻҲܲΪһ硣
һǰߵĸǰ
´ǰʱ䣬ȻֻգȴҲ֮أֻÿ̳߹滮ġ
ÿŵʱŻؼҵʱǰ󲻻ӡ
ҹ鷿Уҹһյ͵ƣӰڴֽϣ⼸ϾǸԺǽҹҹˡ
ףгһĸҲ׾졣
Ҳ˸򷬰ŮӣԲΪвûм檣Ѿ߶С
ʹӣΨµһţһźСˡ
°ƶˣƺûС
̧ͷһŵˣСŮԩ飬Բѳ²ߣβʷˡ
ԩ飬ȥ̲ǵظá´ǰĬƬ̣
˵꣬˵תҪ뿪
ΪҪ״֮ˣǵӣ̲Ǹã˸ҽӴ״档ֻжԺΪٹ٣ȵĲãΪԩҷ
ˣԩҸԩʿԩٴǰһ
´ǰ̧𶯡
أʵ
ٲԥ˵Ӫǰ˧֮Ů뾩һս֮࣬Ѳԭί֤ݣسԩʷˡֹܱԩ飬Իס
үŮ´ǰü͸ԶĮ
ȴֵ̧״ֽأ֤أ
筴ϲ
һֱУʦֶָţǶԷš
֮Զ´ǰУȫǰٴǸΡ
ξһԼΡ
ֻһȺˣӦǰ˵ԭƽԩģڳϣ˵λʷ飬¶ǣЩ٣ƺлء
˵ͣʮء
Ҫλʷһֱ׷£ֻ˼Ҷڹءһս˶ˣƽҶ֪ƽԩġֻϧƽλճСˡ
˳̾һ
һʵλʷˣ
λλʷĻ졣
˵ǻˣһ˽¶ۣ浱ǳصġ
һЦֻŸλأ˭ЩСϰա
ԣš
筵һΣԭǰ󣬻ڼ׷¡
ȻһʱףԹ졣
֪֤ݲʾˣͽŷȪѳ֤ݣд˺üݣø´ǰģֳһݡ
¼鷿ڣ´ǰ筴֤ݡ
ȫŷȪš
ֱЩϸϸһ飬̧ͷʵЩ֤ݣһ˲̽ģ
илģ˷Ҫ״ǻʵ۵׶ӡ
һֱ˵һǾ׸ССƹ٣Ȩ֮£ǽϣڵһ֮䡣
㹻ˣǣ۵
筵ͷԣһѰ
󲿷ǴԭػᾭվϱǹƷӦչ˰һŻὫЩԭԴԴǡ
ŷȪ˶˲Ʋҿ󲿷ֶڣ˵عԱκۣͬԽҩʹ񫣬ŻıԷҲ˰֬ࡣ
ҲмʷǴ˲ţļʷһ֤ͬ筼
´ǰ֤ݰ£̧Ի֤
лˡٴл
*
筻˼Уɿ֮£´ǰҪ󣬲϶ŷȪбƹ׽ɵĹԼĹԱ
´ǰδҪŷȪ
Ҳ֪̣ʾˣҲС
ֻû뵽ǣԼپڰȥ
޽ӵʱȻü˵ʲô˶Ժ´ǰ
ү´ǰǸݽɫ׵
ߣֹǺݽɫֱǸҪġʥ϶˵´ǰֻз乫˽顣һССƷļʷܵûۣΪǵ֮
ˣ筽֮󣬿ɸʲôܣɲ˳
ϽϸλС㻹˲ã뾩֮뾩̼ҦҵĹʶ˺ϻ￪ո̲ɸķĽС㣬ܡڳйԱδݷù˭и׸Ʒƹ٣ϵ
üƷƹ٣
гӤǰǰ˾׸
Ӥ
ֻΪϤƺںδһʱ벻
˱Ҫȥ¡޳˼Ƭ̣Ը
ҹڼžĵ·Щֱۣһκĺͣ£ܿ죬һ磬ֻüģӰˡ
޼ٻκЩʱգȴЩƵ
κƺ֪ĵڷ޽ǰլ鷿šþݻ鷿㸡ڷŵĵ֦壬ϸۣҫã鷿ӳյıȰջҪҫۡ
˸֮ǻʹԷҲѰ
Ļлֳһ˫һۣԵöḡ΢һüӣҹǰΪ£
£Ҳ֮Ů飬ЩüĿ޹
л봹ǰ鼮ͻȻ˵Ů룿ôˣ
ɹ˵Ķԣ¹ش΢õϲϡ
áл޵
ϵһȣĵİ˵˵ŮЩʲô
޻ֱ˵ڳУδ볯ЩɲŰݷáҲֻһ׸ƷƹٳӤ˵һǽ֮Щ
žһ죬ϵ
л˸վ˵ʲô˽ʲôӤ
¡ޱķӦ𾪣ʧ˾䡣
Ļӵŭ£ͷȷʵǽгӤ˲ǸƷƹ٣λ΢筳¡
׸Ʒƹٲܳ£۫أ
޴̧ͷ
лԼҧ˳ڷⲽػأãҧԭ˵һɵĶӣôֵǷơڹһϷøȥףӶŷȪ˳
֪ŷȪҵˣԭȫǳġ
£۫ôھ׸Ʒƹ٣޻ǴںȻ֮С
лЦлӤ·ҶңʲôҸɵġݻ򵥣Ҹ׸ĹԱһʾС
ŷȪׯӵǷҲв룿̲סʵ
лüͷ
ֻһ筣ȻлӤ͵һ𣬾һ
޳Ծ£ǲ̫ðգ
ðգȫɱŷȪǵĮʶڳֱңҽ˳ֻҪ֪˭Ҷҡ
ͻȻ˵˵ʱƵǰ㡣£᲻õʲô֤ݣͲڻڣ
ǰ֪Ӥ۫л޻ûлɡ
ŷ֣Ƶ뻤㣬ƺҲЩԾϾǷʱżСʱȤ¡
һ£ӡ̡
˵ΪСֻլ˸УнɮŻԵȻֻü˸뷹
ɼ筲һˣΪҪƵƵ뻤ء
۫ӹϵܣΪСڴ˴Ľʲô֤ݻ֤˲ôУȷʵпԭ
̶֮䣬޾ǰϵ
޽ԼĲĻӡ
ֻлЦ첻ң첻ҡ㿴ûүվһߡǶôãȴȫѹ򡣡
ôĲ֤ݣβҵ
ĻЦлӤƽֻ²常۫үҲǸʦ֡˶Ȼ֣лӤó֤ݡ
ıı
Ȼʦһֱ֮УóȻ£ֻ²׵ְɡ
лȴϵȣȻ£ƺӾ̣κأǰѾһ񡣾˵ǧ·ϣǰ£ֻǲ𡣡
ʱǵ˻켣֮У䲻׽ֻҪɿ£һж֪нС
ޣӵ¾֤ܲأ
ǾͽǶɱˡ
¡ΪûĻյѵԽ󵨡
ԼֵܣŹ
ʱŽƺѴڣƲϣأԱûһ񣬾ǰǡ
һΪ޷ǣЩҲ֪˭˵ģࡣ
ӵµ;µʵʵ
ŵѫҵŮ춼ҳ㡣
лŴ£ԲߣȽŷȪתƳû³ֶңñлɳá
ͲҪǰȥˣ࣬ȫ
ΪΣգҲŸҪ㡣
л΢üԲѵҵñѽ


67 
֪л׶, ÿζ䣬ɡøӦ, ڱǰõ, ñӡý᲻һб
Ҫͬлֻͬ⡣
δ, һ·ǰ
˭֪ɽ, Ϳɽ, ڣ, رЩСӣ, һ˫۾
, ĺͯв̡
, , к, ڳԵİɡ
ڳԵİɣӶĲˣˣˡ
İͣ, ǵ̲סҪ⡣лۼֿ, ס, ٿˡ
筣ô, ѵ͢ûʲôʩЩϰڳ⼢𣿡
лС׸ѾǷʳ񲻶࣬ҲǷϣ̫Ӿֲʥϳ𡣲ӦþͻᰲЩ񡣡
ٵʲôЩֻ¶Ҫǣǧ뿪ֵļ磬ΪھǵõȻأ˽ǹڳ⣬ǣ˹ǵ徲֮⣬Ȼڻûóǵķ
̫ӱϳ֮󣬶Ʋڼңãʬλز͡лɫĮ
̾˿
İ˷಻ϡ
ͷǰҶ
Щϲ޳ʳֻйһδһ·ɽߣڳڣֻϡ
û뵽һ·ϵ֮⡣
ֱӽϵ˻µĺţֻû뵽ȻҲš
ȻŲǰ˾ۼĶ࣬Ҳв١
޷£ֻſ³
л³󣬾ͼΧĿյϺšˣͷ棬ƼݣЩʵܲˣоŲҶڽ
һۣĲ̵תͷ
ֻû뵽Լлһ³Ѿ˶ˡ
ͬһ⣬õѣֻϸĻ׳˶ļᶨȻͬ๸ȴ˿Ƽݡ
ǰɡһ˵
һϸۣͷ뻭ϵ˺񣬶ҲһһŮӦˡ
ãھȥǰţƻ¡
лΪ·ϣѵõ徲
̲סʵ˵࣬ôûſзˣ
֪һ񵽵ʱֺȻʦȷʵɮſڼ̯˭֪ϢȥԽԽࡣ´ʳһ¾ꡣҲ·ϱ񿴵𱩶ڵɮˣʼͣիˣΪһһ͡
û뵽⡣
һȥ֮󣬿ܲһʳȼ񡣡
Ȼ飬Ǳˮнڿҵĳ֮ʵ޷޶ԡ
һһţȴ֪ȴȻ˱仯
ֻһ˴ǰȻȥ󲿷ʱۼڴ˴߰˰ˡ˸˼ͱײ£˭֪оͷ
ͷͷôͷײˣһ˵ϣץڵϵͷ
ѩͷڵϹȦմ̲סʿˮ

̫ˡ
һ·ƤԹݸԹڻ³ϡ࣬ǳԱӵĸоѾǡ
˿̺еͷҪѹڳһݡ
Ϊǧ棬˾ǣܻȥ
ǵǣ˿Ρʵĳǽгſھʿ̤ȥĻᶼûС
ڵͷˣͷ˻
תߣȴһбһӣǣһӵŮסүкãӶ˺þãڳԵİɡ
С۰ͰͶеͷָ̲סõ˱
ŭԼͷƾʲô㡣
ԱߵȴסǶһģôͷ˵ˡ
ԼġƿˣҪߡ
㲻ߣ˵ͷǴġΧ˿ʼΧ
ȺͷǱģ·Ҳڿŵǹڶеڲ֪˭һȺӵۼ
Ƴܲס͵ģʵڶĲУȥﻹкöͷ
кöʳЩжƭǣ˵ʳþˣ˵ѡ
Ⱥɧ
ͷǰǰɽ֤ѵµĺƭǣ˵ʲôдʳóָǳˡ
и˺պȵĶϡ࣬ʲôЩоȻаͷԣȱϣЩȴǶ
ǣǾڳȥҲǵġ˭ЩУûдȱġ
Ⱥﴫһһź
Щƻ㣬ͣڳÿ˵ĶС
ֵܣôˣ£˶԰ɣȥҳԵġһ˵ºվߵƴ
Ҳ֪˭һȥײĴţ˾Ȼʼĸǽ
ԭˣ·ϣ
尡
ֻҪУǾоˣгԵģȵģԻ
Ŵŵɮˣ֮󣬻δӦײŵûһȻΧǽ
죬ȥ淽ɡһɮ˺
ſڱûмɮţǽϷˣȻһ棬ͰɮƷɮһۣǲ񡣡
ͨ·׷ߵԺǽ
һ̧ͷȻһ죬Ȼһöϸ뷢ͬҲͬ˿д뷢֮ɮ죬˫˫ء
׽ƷϽ˴ſ˹ȥ
һ˴Ĵţгʳ
ųǰţĻ´˿̻ԥˣҲ˳Ю£
ȺƺƵȳ档
ܿ죬ҵ˱ڷǰĹϹʳȻδϹѾЩˮЩģҲճ¯
Щ̫УðĴڡ
筸հŷȪֱã涼񣬼ȻĻѾΪ㱻ɱĮǿԳûת뾩ǡ
ǣŷȪ˵̫ΣˣҪǱĻӷ֣ôסˣҪ֪ĶȫˡͷҰɡ
иּۻ۵ʸ𣿡
ŷȪ졣
ɲҰ筵һСûܽͷתʵʵֽ̹ˡ
˼磬ʱܵסס˫֡
ŷȪ캰
˭֪һ䣬תſͣһҩ衣
ҳʲôŷȪɴ˫
Цһ·ʵ㣬ҪȻܵġ
ŷȪվл̲סӣ㾹Ҳܹ𣿡
˭֪лۿתͷ筣̧£úá
ӣˣ˽Ž
筺лͬʱת
˿첽˳ȥͼԺվһСɮˣлʶȻߵСɳֻ֣Сɳһ˵ӣС㣬֮ͻȻɧѴСȻʦλ£ⱻ
ʦأлʵ
ʦǰڶٻ£⻤ܸĥѡ
ż˵˷Σʧȥǣֻʦ޷Ȱ衣ôʦɮ˶г룬ɧƽٻʰо֡
˭֪Сɳȴҡͷ˵ʦ뿪
̾һȴлɫ䡣
ʱŷȪлߣ뿪
ǸһԺӣ߳ȥûãǰ
ǵǰͼһĵɮˣվڷǰһ˵ǰ
˿ͷҫƬأͬʱҲҫڴǰɮϣɫĵɮ£绷ʥ⣬ˡ
˷ǹڣλҪʳ
λˡ
Ȼˣ˫ֺʮһš


68 
е, ǶǼٴȱǣô᲻øǳԡǿҪˡ
, ǿˣȻ, ǴĲǻ
ǰ, Ķ, Щ˴УǺۡ
ΧĹƷ, Ѿϴһա
лȻڷǰɫһ䣬ͷһ¶ɫ޴
, վڴ˴Ҫл
筵ͷǶڽ䣬˿ǰȺеͣʱ, Ѿкü˳嵽Ȼǰ
ֻȻſֱ, ɫڽ£ֲԵҫۡ
ɶ˻𣬲ˡ
ͷ˳嵽Ȼǰ, ֱֽƿ, δ, Ȼʯ˿
гԵģöԵġи˹ͷ￴һۡ
, ҡҷ, ϰһŹƷ, Ŀۻң˾ʤ
˼ȻʦվڵǰܲãȻŵľĶͷ˹ȥ
ʱѪ˳Ķͷ
筿һĻʧ񾪺
лѾϵ࣬Ȼļ򣬱ߡ
ɡȻᶨʦܣ뿪˴
˵꣬ſҪˣٴӵǿÿ
лȻҪľһŽԷ߷ڴֻ廨ͷһűߵԶ
жˣϰҲ֪˭һ
˷ӵǰǰ㳡ˮйͨ
ֱһĿ޺ͯϸĴȥѰڲԶĴԣȻиڶߣãȻ޴Ĵޡ
Ѿʼܿˣˤ˱̤ҽﲻ
ۿǺӿſţȻȺƺԼס
һҧŷȪĲӣвʵš
ַԸ˾䡣
ڵĵطһ˱ƵۿҪˤſڵϵСͯҹȥʱͯ
źӣڴԱߡ
ɢˣ筱ŻСӣŷ֣֮ᣬȻûһѵء
筿źݰͰ͵Сĵޱȳء
СӲ֪Ϊţŵϵ㣬ΪȻֹͣ˿һֱŵĶ
ŷ֣ǰģó˺üգɵ滹մһЩҡ
ԡֹ
æԼϴ˳ϰߣܻϷǣǿ˵ĵߡ
úӣתͷ
Ѿ˼ȻȻվڴſڽֹҲľʯͷҵ
ÿҪȥȴҲڷйй˲ǵļ԰ݻ٣ɢ
筽ӱתͷ׼ȥҺĸס
˭֪ջͷͿһӰײײǰܣ׷ϡ
ŷȪ
ΪʲôĿܡ
ֻŷȪһһ߽еĶӣ󺰵ָָ
˱ңѰ޲ȫ鱦˫ϸǿŵĴʮָǹŷȪ̰ͼЩ
ǲûЩߡ
û뵽ʱٶȵָķһӣӣһȫ
رڵһϽӣнָӣӣǽӡ
нӡ
Ⱥʼ÷ˤ̤
筵עŷȪԥ䣬ȴû뵽Ⱥ˶
ڵˣȺѰ֮ڷ筡
˶һۣȻ
ΧȫǷӵǰ筲ȺҪȥ׷ŷȪ
ܿ죬ͬʱǱ߳壬źӵ筣ƿ˵ڵӰ
Сġһ
ƺоԾźӣԱһ
ǵذ׵Ҳû뵽ԼϮȻաȶԷӦ̧Էذףһ߷ɡ
û뵽ɱ־ֹһˡ
ԱиͬˣȻӿľĶγһѵ
ٹ˲ȥ׷ŷȪϽ筡
żôܵˣ
ղһֱȻӸϣûˡһ˵һӦС
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Զɮ˹˵ڣҪʦ뿪󡣡
ȻԶ筴֪ԼٲлһɮĻ£뿪
껤£һգС
֮ʣĴѰŷȪӰֱ̨һ·ܣ筸Ͻȷ¡
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ϻιĶҩҪҩ𣿡筱ܱߺ
ǰ汼ܵŷȪûͷԽǰܡû뵽ôãȻ
֪ͲԱ
ۿҪܵɽſڣǰͻȻһˡ
ŵľͷһ˿֡
ŷȪȴ˿⣬ֻٵ񣬻һζͷǰ塣
ֱ˿쵽ǰһ˽ľ˰γѩݣŷȪǰһΡ
ȻоΣգܣ
Էһץסӣͱ롣
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69 
صŹĵʷ, ͻȻ˱סˣںǳ⣺󵨣ûŹ, ҪʮȴǺˣ
ĳ͸ϽǰŭҿǴ, ۫ӵ, 񡣡
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һУκΪָָκķ
ҧκһҪٽ
£Ҹֻ֮ΪҲҸ׻Ϊ̰ðĲҰܡֻҸ׵İӳٳٲģҲѣֻԼ׷顣ŷȪѪգҾǱŷׯЩ֤ݾҴŷȪׯõǻϲţҲýȥ顣
Ҹ׳ƽر߹أԶԶ뾩ǷŮұ֤ģȴұ֤ҸҾ֮ġرǸڱⳤƽ֮˵ʥϷƽΪ߾ƽһڼ
һսεȲҰܣʿսɽͬǲ֮ܲܵԵɣЩս߹صĽʿǣǵĸĸ޶ЩսӢ飬Ҫ̰ðս֮ϣĮӢڿ
ĮӢڿ
һͬĪл
رЩ٣˷ս֮ܣñͱѹ佫Խڳû˵λһ仰ǽЩ̲סᡣ
ΪҲ뵽ԼıԼ
ʹĴŲǴ˰̣ǰ˶֪ΪΡ
Ҳ֪˭ȹһһ׷¹ϳһƽ߹ؽʿ
һ̣ЩҰ·𶼲ڡ
ΨһƬֻԸ߹ԩ߹


70 
ΡΡ, վڻʳ˵ˣ˿ڵأ¡ǰһĻмŮϡ
ں޷ɢ, ȫ, һص, Եô
¡ȴûСǰŮ, ƾһܰЩ鶼
Щ˲ᡢ, رŷȪκл֮, ¡һ۾ϳлıʼ, ϾԼĶӡ
СͼӵĹ, ǵıʼ, ϰ߶
лСдʱ, ϰ߽һС
¡ۿ, ֪Ⲣα, ȷʵлԼдġһʼ֪Լֻ˽Сϡ
ֻû뵽, һŮӾȻܽκЩ鶼
ʱ¡۳ĬκȴȺʣԩ, 
졣¡ۿŹڵϵκǲͷ
ѾֱһӣȻǲʶȻ˻֮, ڻ´ɱ䡣սȥ̽, ָʹ֮, ˵Щɱˣֻ²
ΪЩ˵ģлڴȫǳϼ롣
һƱϰ֮˵֣Щ׳Щһ·ܾĥƤݵۿɼĲ
κҲ֪ʵΨһָǴ˿øԭ¡
֮ȴģֻ±ҪҵĽ
κеʣŷȪйϵǶΪ̽ĺ֪飬֪ȻΪҽƽоսƻй¶ˡΪӣ˿ûԼݡñ˴ӮԶʲôôء
ڱκ˼·
ԳŷȪĹϵܳɱŷȪ顣
й¶߾սƻýʿζܱϡ
¡ͼ˿̶ͻȻУʣĵܱԴһֻǱ˹ƻˡҪ˵Ĺᱱ֣߹ؽʿ飬Ӧǲġ
κû뵽ʱ˿̣ȻԼ˵
ɲֻôģͲóƽٱųССŮֻһжô͸
ֻһվűˡ
ɴ˱̫ӡ
ǳƽ̫֣ô̫ձȨպλȹ̡
Զѡʱվһ£κرЩԱκİˣ˿̳飬ҲЩͷźšκ飬ֻҪЩԱԸתͶ£պҲһͬʡ
¡ۿȻ⼸һֱƽ⼸λ֮䡣ʱϾʹˣҪѵܹĻ档˿ڳվΪƽ飬ֻǵԼֵܡ
Щƽĳ᲻Թԣȴòᡣ
Ҳڼʱڣĵ׼һУŸҳ˵
Ȼһֱɫвźĵһɫ΢ɣŶ㵹˽ֵܡ
ֵܣ֣ڵڲ˵ͷ
̫ӡ
̫֮һֱҿڣΪԼƽ飬ʵĲ¼ɺͻɣϾձȨǰûлӸ£
ֻ֮ǻڳ֮ϡ
Ȩ˭ȾָĶ̫ӡ
һԵлһĻ֮ǣᳶһ¡ֻ֪Ҫ»һ˿ᣬ¡۾Ͳױ˵
һӣ޲ʷдǧһۣƫƫӵ˽
ֱתһֱƣ̧ƺԼֵ䡣
ͻȻţڵϵһԱͻȻ˼ϣΪȫɱһ£ʵ֡Ӫط֮£һ˧ɱŽ֮£һ²֤
ǴK
̲Ժţ˾
˵ⷬƺҲǺ
¡˴˻ͷ΢һᡣ
ȫôģ׷ȥ˵ǣʱʵ۰ԼĶӣ߾ʿ֮ԭ
ڿڣָζס
KͻȻѣ¡ۼջ
Իͷһ۴ˣʶˣ˾Ȼ˵˹ؼ㣬ԼҲ˼·
ó¡ɲ봦ԼĶӡ
κô˼ǲֶΣֻҪǴ棬ͻԥʹɱ֡
ϣλԼԣӪ뱱Уܱ׻ȥֻ´Ҳ飬һ֤˵һ׮ɱڵĲҰڻµŷȪһ˵գԴڵһġ
֪¾ǻʵΪȴҲװ֪
һǾǱƵûѡǼסԼӣԼһӢһ
ȻΣϴûв͸ǽ
¡ŹڵϵŮĵ̾һˣô飬ѰӹһΣ֤ȷ䣬ǵҲ޷һֱӶ
˵ףһֱ֪
ұ߽ôཫʿǱԼĲҰܣҲ¡ͷջлݣǸŷȪССˣôԱᣬӪŪ
һ֮ܣӪʧ
¡¶ģֻޱ黷һȦƽɣ±㽻̲ȥ֮սȷʵӦò
κڰδǰȦ֮У̤벽
ǰһʱΪϻǴţϾֻ̲ȥ󣬶˾󣬰Ҫκһ
һ䣬ȴֳ״κϣ
˷ʵƺƣ벻ڳ˳ɡ
л¡
˹ݣϵ¡
筷ſڽǵĽשϣש⻬羵˵ΧȴδתɹſڵϵŮ
Ů˿أƺһ궼ס
ƫƫȴס˵ŭ
˸Ů
Ҳ֪˭ȵһ仰Ǳڳ˶˽ȥ
һս֮˶Ϊ˷޷֮գҸǳװȥϾ˶֪޶ӣϥ²Ů
֮ˣԩˣҲˡ
ôһСõŹģŻӣԻ˵һ˶ݡ
筻ӵվ
ڵڣκʱ˿·硣
ҩＤǱ·ŵһ˳ɣɢ֮ÿһĳأ²ǧء
ǵ߸ߵ̨ףþȫߵǰ
˿һҫ۽ո߹ң΢һ̧ͷۣů߽ס
ԭǻŵĸо
һǴ޵һ⣬ʱŷѾ亹죬󱳸ʹѣȴ֮󣬾˺ۡմ˺ˮ˿ڴһˮ

ԭΪԼ£֮䣬˭˲
νߣҲ޷Լȥľġ
ǽ֮ϣƺҵˡ
ͣܯ̨ԻһʱԱ˴ҴҸͷһ´ǰ
´ǰһʷ£Ӳüۣһ£Ŀ˿ڽ£ƺҲȾһº͡
رĳЦ⡣
һ䡣
ڣȴ˫ֺ𣬳ԼҾ
ټǰĹ㳡ƺз
ƺϸϸɰ·ͻȻķĮ
̲ס̧ͷңԶıĿ⴩ǽǧӣɽƺĿǸδȥĮ
ҲлЦҲҵƻЩʿػһС
Ů볯ãȴҲƴΪЩսĽʿǣһ飬ΪҲЩͷ­ѪĽʿܵõİϢ
ĮĿСˡ
ôһ룬¶һ˿Цݡ
´ǰһ񣬵´ˣΪʷܲηȨƣΪ𲨶Ϊ塣
ʱ۫лӵ߳ѵȴվܯ̨ˡ
۫ѵöп˾䣺λʷ˵ʮҲδɻ飬һΪλΪ䣬վһǵǶԡ
䡣ͻȻ俪ڡ
۫һŤͷĶӣΪԼˣʵ˵ʲô
лƺٶ˵һ飬˵˲䡣
һ㡢㡢䡣
ʱ̴ҴҶǻ˹´ǰ˹ȥ
筹һˣȻܶ˸п壬׸յ˻ϣ˭Ҳǰк
ۿҪǰߡ
ȴû뵽ȥһҶ㣬ڵϡ
۫һںš
һ䣬պڣվŵлȴѾ˳ȥ
۫ţһȻݵĶӣô嵽Ů࣬Ȼ
̫ҽлż
еĽģ۫δġ


71 
, бգһڡ¯ϣ, һ˿˿, дͳһʽѵĹŮ, ˮ衢ë
̫ҽԺ̫ҽ, ţΧһƺ顣
, ү˵һȥ̫밲ءһС̫࣬ü۵˽, ŲһûС
лû, ɻڴߣŵ筡
ɫ԰׵ƺһ˿Ѫɫ
筡лḩ, ̧ԼС
С̫ഹۣҲҶ࿴, ֻڵϵš
֪Ǵźε飬дǷţ, ڴϵĵ׹޾Ԩ
ûһ, ֱ۫ӽڵ
Ǻڣε֮, л㽫˴, ̫ҽҲ֪˭˻, ȻֱӴּ, ڹˡ
۫һڣȿڴϵл筵ơ
ԭĵ׻ôһ˿ңȴͷһ
Ӥ۫˾䡣
лתͷŽ筵Ʒڴϣ
߰ɣĸڵǣδôûȥ˼û׼Ҫˡ۫
лδپܾǵǣ
ֻϸŵı˺󣬲ת۫뿪
̫ҽǶ˳
׷밲
۫ɫصλ䲻ǻʹ֮ˣǻּҪεˡλ̫ҽҽʥ֣ؾְ𡣡
үޣһ߾ܣйλߵԺиϽ
۫ȴֿڣ΢˵λҽﵽ׹λعܺԼ졣
뿪
λ̫ҽһҽӵλﵽʲôϵžǼ
졣ԺͻȻ
һ곤Щҽ˵үղһ˵꣬㾹͸ˡ
Ժҿһۣ⹬ﵱֵ㾹ʶǲҪǵ̫ҽģҪľСĽÿĲҪĲҪʵĲҪʡ
̫ҽѵ˼䣬ϽǸ
˿Ժ΢Щбӵµ飬Ҳֻ˵֪á
磬԰ȴһд̫֮ҴһƬɫˮԡ
ĹˣһƼԸ׷밲
۫Ϊڹгʸֻǽδ
лǰ̫С
Ӥλǰʶڣǿʵ
лƺԤϵҪʵ飬δȣƽŵҵƹʱסǸСԺڱס
ڶӡ
۫û뵽ǹϵ֮λ￴ƺ֪ݣ
ֻΪǾ׸ƹٳӤ֪ұ۫ӣлӤ
ڣ۫ĹվɫĹǽŽߣĹţԽԵͥԺ
۫üǰĶӣƺԥʻǲʡ
·ֻҪʣ
ʳڣһоû˻ͷء
۫ԥ˰Σǵ֪˭Ů
һʼҾ֪ŮҲ֪ΪϾлȻÿü۲֮ȴƺܸܵϵᡣ
ʱͻֵᡣ
۫д󺧣ѹʣòỹռЩ֤ݣ
ѹǸʲôˣڻ֮С
л΢ЦлΪӣΪƣֵܽοǣһ֮ܣȦֻΪӦá
۫ǳ⣺ӦãЩҲ֡
Ϊβңл͵һǹ˼ɸĸսǵϣһıӦҡ
˵ʵѣֻѵģʵ۵ֵܡ
۫ڳ²ܣżˣܳЩС©Ҳλ磬û˸ҹ
Щ©ȴΪ֮޷ǾҪȫµˣүʵѧԶԶϡ
۫Ӥ㲻Ҫָų˵µѣⲻ֪ӱȵʵ۵ֵҪǧ򱶡ʲʮأйһһھУҲֻΪ̫
ǽж˴խվտĵط
¼žˡ
˶̫ǧ˶ϲ̫һȥۿӹǱȴǰࡣڣʵ۫һĸֵͬܡ
˼ǲˣ۫үԼ֪᲻ᲽǰЩĺ·
ڴ֮ϣλʷηȨӣλΪԩǼͣȵľΪϾĲջΪʵۣȴԼĶӶӻˣֻѽ¼ͷ
ʢԸΪ˳ðգȦԼĶӡȢλÿοκʱˣԹ޾ͻջۡӤҪ֪ԽϾͻԽ»ʱɱϣˣԼĶӡ
أûбΪӣ󣬿ʵȴֻǸۡΪԵĻӵͣϱ˲¸ǣڳȥҪңʢŭ֮£ȴһϿĻȰң˵ҲҪ
۫ү˵꣬ƺҲҪЦˡ
תͷһˮԼĶӸɳ飬ֻѾѵ˶ٴΡ
ȥӹԭҴӼӹ֮ٸСǻȴһҪȾٰ죬ٳ贫½֪䣬˭˲֪ϴ㣬»Ҫġ
ĻˣϲԼֶӣʤԼĶ
ȻС
һѽڻϣٳ裬гһգʷ㣬ڽǵϵڶײϡΪЩĶ𣿲ᣬЩֻ㲻ʶ̧٣ʥϴˣȻҲȻΥԸ顣
Խ֮£´ǰ筿̫ӿΨ㲻ԡΪܻʶõٳȻǻҪࡣ
ƣǵٳ裬ȴʵʵл׶
֮۫ԣл롣
ֻû뵽ججȴ˿Ϳ
Ҳ۫ͷһΣʷεл˵ЩǰΪл⳯ãʵϲҲûʲô
ûʵ˹˼ɣһӵĸɢʲôá
ǵգŷ֣˽⺢ӵˣֻ¾Ǹĸ
Ҫʱѣл˲·
л˵˵һУס
׾ͺá۫ƺȥԼĻЩĵͷ
˭֪յͷл˵Ⱒ筣Ȣ



72 
ʱ, һӦǣ类ʯһۡʶѹ, ۾ȴδ
ƽʱһɵ۶, ޷ɡ
ǧأŬ֮, ۾
Ŀ, ǵû, ԶһǶɽˮ˫, һĵ㡣
һ, OO@@졣
ȹڵϸ춯
ˡһֵСŮ, һǳɫװ, ̽ͭ軺߹
Ƽ, СŮȽͭ£ϽʵҪʲô
ǺδҴһۡ
СŮЦ˵, ˴
ʣΪλڴ˴
ﲻǵˣڽǵǰ赹ӵ¾֮󣬱˹֮ϻصȥǲ̫ҽ, һλ̫ҽء
СŮôһĻ˵, ȴḣ˵Ե, ūȥ̫ҽˡ
Ȼ, ûһһٷ˽
̫ҽһ, ùŮϴһ, һƿڵѱպ࣬ⷽҩȷʵáһ̣ڴ֮кľŻε󽥽ָֻҪٷϼҩָܻ
л̫ҽ΢΢ס
̫ҽڰ֣ι΢֮£ҵл
ܿ죬̫ҽͳȥ˼ҩ
СŮͭ˹˵źϴһɡ
ףͬ˵лл
ûʲôСŮźʱͣ
筽ӵݻʣ˵ӵģ۫𣿡
ѽ˵ʹʱӳ룬ӵȴֻһλСŮԸºͣ˵Ҳսսġ
ڵŹǰǸ
ůϤĸоһִǡ
ӡ
ǺܻһޱȵӣһǾ׸ƹ٣ڻʱѾ֤ʵӺ۫Ӳһˡ
ǴγӤһڻµİڣ۫ȴ档
۫ӳֵ̫ɺϡ
õŹģȴǡøϵһһ˽ǵ
һҪһ㣬ŷȪڻµ顣
ʵЩ飬ȥϸ룬Ϊһϸϸͻֺᷢܶ飬·ܱһߴ
µȻʦ½֪۫ӵʦ֡
Сһ𳤴ֲͬ
ŷȪܲڻôãû֣ȻȻʦİڡ֮ȻʦƺϤơ
޷ĵ׵ɻ
˿ߣСŮੲݣӵ¼Ĺչգ˵صʱ̫ҽЩѲҲӵλ̫ҽŽӹŹؾ˻ء
תͷСЦһ
СŮЦЩĪ
ֻʵӵƽǲΪ˸ãʹҲ󷽣
СŮû뵽⣬ϸ룬ŵūȥ빬δӵ¼Ρж˵²ͬǷˣǵʥɮĸͽ
ΪκСŮͷʵ
գգ۾ΪͲͣ˵ӵµĺûΪʲôôء
ûУûССŮϽ֡
˭֪˵䣬ſڴһȡ
ͬʱתͷȥͼСŮɫ󺧣ڵϣæˡū澲Ҫð¡
ɡлСŮ˵Ļ
СŮӵ£Ȼ紫еǰ㣬ˡ
СŮ뿪ŷӵжҩ룬ǿҪӴ˭֪ڴͷӻδ׿ڻǲҪ´
л£˵ǵ¾ҡô̶գҾǷ˵ξ֮
лϡ
չ⸡筴˿ϵѻһ׸ɾģİɫ£ڷδ죬һͷ˿ôɢ࣬δʩգΪܹˣֲ԰׶İס
ѩɽһΪʥĻѩ׵Щ֡
ֻˣȴûǱΪڽ˵ò˼ֲʩζ
û̧ͷлĵȴ롣
Ҫϵ˿ڻ
̫ҽ˵΢ʱлڴϵˣ޲л롢÷ޣЩΪһи۵ˣۡ
ڣСκ˶ǿ
ͦˡ
ӵ£ЩɻĽһ
лعŽе룬ݵǰ˵Ȱҩˡ
һɴ̱ǵĲҩ֮ζ
̲סüͷ
лӣԱߵԲ£ҩ˽޳ָϸ״ףһҩ͵筴ߣҩ࣬ȴҩڡЩҩꡣ
۽ȣ˫Уƺ͸Щ⡣
λ۫Ӵδ̫Щ
һڻ£׵ˮĥĮɱϵһˡ¸ղǸСŮ˵ʲôʹ˶˵ӵºͣš
ˣﶼ侲ġ
Լֲͬ
ѵǴλ£ǶԼһ飿
ͷԺУȻþûص޷ɻɢȥԭĵ޷ܵĴ𰸣һͳ˲òԵ⡣
λӵ£Լȷʵڲͬ
˵Ϊ徲Ȼʦķᡣ
εŹأɺϾ͸ϵ˻ɡ
Լأ
üλӵ˽⣬Դš˵ʵȷʵôһ˿Ľ⣬ʲôʲôѵõ顣
Ҳѡ
ԣӵ¸һңɼˣȴҪʱʩȣ꣬ӦβݽỷԱĶ¡
Ӿһ˿˼͵ߵףȴΪѡ
ֱԾܾҲδ¶ļԵ̫뵱Ȼӵ˼ھֹһ˿롣
Ͼֻһˡ
ǳĺ֮ˣһ϶ݱ΢ӵλ磬಻ڡ
ĵ˼ȥȥлеҩ룬һڿô෢ҩ֭ȫȥ
꣬˵һһںȣζ೤ôһں꣬
лҪˮ筵ӵ£һŮá
лѾˮãٴε˹
޷ֻܽӹ
֮ڴߣͷҡ
лһɰû뵽浹˼ǣ˽ǣһţܽпζ
ͷƤʼ顣
лʣϲǣ˸۽
áҡͷ
һţŷ֣ǿԲһּŨİɫմ򿪾ŵһ˱Ƕζ
һǷС
û뵽봽ǻͱһŨζζȣִŸζֵζܿڴݼǰҩݵĿɬζڸǡ
ζƺ˳ŽҺѪҺ嶼·𽥽˹
ǸǴϲá
ۿֵ۾л̲סЦһʵ𣿡
𡣡
˵꣬ŷԾϽ̫ܵı飬ллӵ¡
ǣꡣ
ͼлɰֱӵ˹滹мţÿκҩʱɳһ
筶ǰɰ
ͻȻ̧ͷ˵ӵ£һ𣿡
˵
һ֮ˣڹвܳȥڹһҡܰһŸҲȥĵġ
ۿǰˣһ½סźɰƣƺ¡
ããǰӦ˾䣺á
лл¡һ
˵ӵ¶װɡ
룬˵Ӷҵľ֮筵βݽỷպ󣬵֮ںηˮǧɽԼ


73 
л߳ʱ, ӭһϸһ, һš
µţۣЦСʵ
˭֪лȴû, 뿪վԭ, һ˲С׷ȥ
һ룬ǰˣͻȻӤš
Ӥ
л
Ӥл룬ɳײͬ˿ʼ, ƺδôһ죬׶筶ľܾ
ֱ׵˵, Լи֮ˡ
֪˵, Լ
ָо, ˵
վǰȴ޷˵ࡣ
һΣ԰һ, дԼšлĵ׶֪, ӦΪлԳӤԴ, ΪӤġ
һţȻͣ
ӵ£Ůһӳ⴫˽,
л̧, , ͼһɫ䳤ӵ, վڳ⣬ֻһѾߡ
ܿ죬лϻ
ӵ¡ҲǱײĳɷ֣лû뵽³ˡ
һż£ǰ빬ڻһֱûš޷ڣֻܶõ
õŹĵ龩ǣȻҲ֪ˡ
ϵõŹĵӦţȴѾӰλտصŹĵļʷ筱۫Ӵ˽ǵ
ڹſڣһֱȵɢ
һλǰЩĴˣǲС˹糯ϣõŹ֮˳ᣬڳֱָĻκ֮ܵԪס
Ѿ³һϴԩ
ֻΪõẒ֮́ڽǵǰ赹񱻻ڹ
ȻԷȰǻ϶筵ʥ죬ĻؼҵϢ
һû筣ĵ׾һ̲ð
ҲҪſڣ빬ƣΪ㻹չˡ
Ҳ£λԣڹˣǻʶƵ
óóȻڹŹţŪɳ׾
һ۵ĵ飬Ҫ¿ʼ
֪еЩ֤ݣϴѵϱŵʱͽǷǡ
ֻõڹſڣڽڿϵı־
۫ı־̵

лﲻģ̫ҽԺλ̫ҽ֮£ѽٹգ´߶
ڻ´߶ɤһЩ
Ҳ˵˵ŹĵĹأõŹߣʮ̡
̣˵ܶ˶ŲסôһεεСٴξһ
л̣δ˼ǣֻ˵Ƥˡ̫ҽΪ˽һֱԴ
һԭ
û筣ĵΣǷĲ¡
׷л˺Щ⣬筳Էɻ⣬һһѯʡҪߵѾߣ䣬лһֱʵɽ
ӵ£һ˵õŹģǵ´Ľǵ֮һݡϥ
лֻ֣ȴδ䣬̧𣺡̫Ҳ·ѡ˭ƼһΪ˸ϴˢԩԸ̣ܸж
ĵ׺ôοЩϽӵôˡ
ڹˣڹſڵҲ޼£ȻȥսὫ¸Ҳλ໥ǹҡ
û뵽˵ǧл
лȥϽҴŵ£ҵͣڲԶ
ΪſڲͣóͣԶĵط
л״Ҳûǿ
ȥ󣬲ŴѾһ·ߡ
Ѿߴû뵽λӵ¾Ȼô˵Źһֱ׷飬ū澻λ˻᲻ͷء
ǰλھһ͵չϣԵ֮Уһ𡣡
ѹλûһ˿ưƽ׽˵ĺܡСҲҿλĵӵ¡סп
⻰˳Ĭ
һҪ֪筵飬ʵЩ࣬ѾѺŷԼĲסǴȴ˵öԣλӵûһ˿Ĳͷº͡
筵飬֪޲ԡ
֪ȥĹ
һ˶һŮӣģԭʵѲ¡
ֻһλӣЩӽӴ֪λƷòϳˣҹмЩӣԲ
Ψһ㣬Ӥ̫΢
ԼĻ£ŷ֣ŵԱʮȫʮĻ¡
˿òǼǰ䡣Ƿ¶ҰģԼΪɾ¡
Σ֮ʱ໤ɼϲơ
Ҫֻֻ֣һĹ
ҲŮȴ֪ûƣҪϴԩһˣֻǴ粽ѽ
*
ڹˣǻʵּ
֮´߶ŻؼҡȻӵ£㻹Ӷţʹļҡ
Ҫ
Ҫؼң˭˵أ̲סźСŮ
СŮ£С˵
λ̫ܹܣ筶˽Ⲣࡣ
СŮͷԣҪϣ͵
ǣüСѲ
£Ѷһ飬ӶҲҪ¸λûɻ¸
ҪȴǷ
筱Ը뷨Цˡ
ҪСỤֽ̊μλܹʱһߴӰſڣǺüδֵл
ӵ¡СŮҲ밲
лɫߣϣڴߵŮһɫװϽ³ϣŵ˴
筵ɫѾ׻ָ˿伡ʤѩȴǰĲ԰ףһϸ履֬İ𪣬ոǽ޵ʤɽ鿪һ
˫·īʹճˮ˫˿Ҳ̧ͷ˹
¡
лСŮ뿪ŽһŽ筣ҽģвдҪպá
лл¡򴽣ŷӹ͸ϽڻС
ţ֮һ˿Ĭ
пڵ£Ҫǲû׼
лʵ
筸ϽͷҲǻʹˣûʥ죬ڹˣǻ˹ءѻָĲ࣬һֱﲻߡ
лҲһֱڹУȻҲд⡣
ͷ̫ҽ֮һϡ
û뵽£ô׽Ͻֵлл¡
һֱ˵лллЦ
ȴҡͷɷϡ
л֪롣
ģκ֪ǣģⱲӽǲܡ


74 
ˬ, ֽ֮ɢĹߣƺ
ڵϢ, ͼСŮܹˡ
筵, ͼһŷСˣվڵм䣬էһ, ֻʮ, ϸƣȴܿ
λܹ, Դ֮, һֱźߡ
Ҫ۶Żϵʱ䣬ֻ±ЩӻҪá
΢΢һ
Ͻ̫, ūſɵá
΢Цǰ£
ٹݣūŹǹģ˵ôģûλ
ڽǵ, Ŀλ
ʮ, ڴָϻӣ, ѹ֮жڴһ仰
ӵŮ
֮ǰЦΪү, Ӷû, ֪պλ˭ء
ôһ, λûˣôŮڣ϶ܱס
һǰѵ
˵⣬վ棬ͨ
ܿ죬ڡ
Ů筣ߵϡ筹ڹɼ˵Ľשϡ
˿̻ڰϣǰһۣһֱ¡۶ǸĻʵۡ
һƳɣ˫˿ЩǣȴϬ
筹ڵϣû̧ͷȴܸоͷ絶ߣεʳΪصĵ޵һֱΧ
֪˶ã¡ۿڣ̧ͷ
ĵһ䲻ԣȴǻ̧ͷ
¡ǰŮ¶ݵڽǵϣֻԶԶȴֻڵϾģһˡ
签͹ڶ棬ôľ롣
㳤ĲͻȻʵ˵
ٴס
ã˵˶˵
ɲӡУǸˮĽŮӣǾЩ顣¡ͻȻЦ˵
һ仰ȴ筲֪νȥ
ֻ˵ֻǱΣð¡ҵ˲Ϊߣ㾡һУҲϧ
Ϊߣ㾡һУҲϧ¡Ĭһ飬˵Ļ
һʱǧп
ֱ˵ѹ˶˵˸Ů
ڻʵƺΪֻ˼仰ЩƷȥˡ
˷ѵһϮ
ֻûŷ֣ԭ󱳾ڲԲ亹ʪˡ
ǵϰɣǹʻ˾һ亹
ֱӻԼס˭֪ߵСŮȴ˵ôãûȥأҪȥ԰䣿
ˣݣʺϡҡͷ
ϴӦǵ̫ҽȫҽκ֮筵Ļͷһ
ҲڻʹĴ߶
ֻǸƽͷգŮݶûУǲײλˣֻСûڽǵȴҪںˡ
СŮЩʧܿȴ˵ǻȥʱ·԰һǸС԰ƽǶ̫ƧԸȥ;
ѽСŮ飬Ҳѡ
⼸ˣŶûҲȷʵƻˡ
԰ȷʵƫƧҲ筻ȥ·ϣһټС԰ȴΪл֣ˬʻʢ
СŮתһȦػ꣬ϧܻȥ
ҲѽЩ궼ء筴ӻͳ˿ݸ
СŮԣĵл
ʯϣСŮ񻨰꣬һ΢Ļ꣬Ʈͷϡϡ
Ʈ㣬˶ĳһ
Ľ̲ס࿴ۡ
Żлʱɣû뵽Լȥûŵ˶Ȼڴ˴ײˣС̫ࣺŮ
ص£ˡС̫ǰŻɹ̽Ϣ
Żӽȴ򿪣һ죬԰ˡ
筻ͷʱҲվ
ͼһʯ̽ӣҡȣ˹ߵߣͣ˵λ
ЩãȻй˶࣬ȻʶԷ
СŮһۣСѵǾŻӡ
Żӡ΢΢밲
Żлʱ֮ǰ˽հ꣬û뵽ճûã͸ĸ緸ˡδӹڣһֱû볯ð
ûۼǵϷһУֻ˵ˡ
ӿɴˣŻºͣԵù
ŪЩĵֻС˵л¹ģѺõĲˡ
лʱɵͷһŻÿ¶Ц˵ŮңȴҪϿ̣ʵڽĲ̡
ֹĵ̬ȣŪĵ׾Ȳѡ
˵ֽĻȥȦˣʵ۰ӣҪˣŴҲ㣬ôŻӾȻ塣
ѲӦùĹĸ磬ǲⱲӶˡ
Ȼʼ飬籡ֽ
ڣŮý
лʱǰĹòԣʵޣһ߰ľŵ£Ȼ˿䵭̬ȣ̬Խ׺͡
˵ҽЩƷϾС²Ͳá
ŵʵ̫ˣ筲һŮε˺񰮡
𣬵𡣡
ʵڲͷô˵ҳãЩƣ룬ݵ׼иˡ
ááлʱͷ
СŮ뿪С԰
Ϳڰ˲ٶȻȫλŻġ
üŻزʶΪҪЩ
СŮҡͷҲ֪ʲô
Ǵ˿ԼľŻӣڻζĳͻȻ˵ʲôǾǵһˣҿλϲǸӹ֬׷۰ˡ
һԵС̫ǡ
˵Ҫǰ֣лҪлʱɵ
ԭգС̫۫⼸˵̫𣬿ÿǰȥһ
סŵģǸڹ˵
С̫˵ֻҪԸ⣬λﻹֵµ񣬸ɬء
ģлʱɱԼ̴ЩƮƮȻ
С̫ͷȻպӹ֮󱻷Ϊλ䣬˵һǸһֻҲĵĺܡ
лʱֹ̧ۿҪƽƱ˿ɲ࣬ʲķϡ
лʱɵǻӣᵥΪ筵òͶġ
筱ļֻҪ𸴣ӪҾһ
㲻˵лʮ磿Ϣ׼ȷ𣿡
С̫˵£ūſɲƭȷʵǸ˴ˣӵ̬ʮ䵭
С̫͸ʾϲ񵹺ãҪۿϲŮ˳Ϊҵˡ
лʱһ뵽ĵлܵ·̼ɢ
筿ɲ֪λŻӴ⡣
ֻ֪ļգλͣͶΰڼСʳ֬ˮۡ
ŪĹˣ˽¶۷׷ס
Ҳûջֻ˰Щպá
ֱ̫ҽɿڣѾȫˣԳ
ȥ˷ѵлܻ֮ؼҡ
ֻ뿪֮ǰԸˣ⼸վŻ͹Ķͻȥù˴һ仰ȥ
޹»
ؼҵģ˹ţûãΧʼ
ϴ˷Ľƺһ½̻˼䡣⿴ˣСּۻۣСӱ׵ȣǡ
ЩӣסȻź̫ˡ
̫๬Ůǣ޲̤ȥÿһž
ԺԹһΣ֪Լ
ֱСԺǰͣ£³Ժžͱ򿪡
С㡣һСһ½ס
û筷ֹôãСΪ飬ʲôһΪͣҲûʲôͬ
ۿҪޣϽɱմʪһѣǻʹ͵ġ
һǻ͵ģϽֹסᡣ
ϸϸѵӣ̾治ǹƷӵһƵá
ơҲ߹ᱧ
㣬Բ㵣ˡ筵Ǹ
ЩҲҪ޳ۿ΢˵Ǵûã˿ֵ飬ȫһˣʾ档
ˣˣȻؼҰɡ˵
˸ϳĳŴ筻ؼҡ
Űʱ£˵սǵϵ顣Ȼڱ˽Ĳ࣬˵׻ǲһ
ľĶǣȴ˿η塣
һԼеĽŲתͷȥ
һ̣ɱȥ
ΧڿǺԥ˽С
лסйʱҲŸо
Щӣڹмȴ·һ㣬ԼЦǣһӡ
ӣһˡ筵Žż⣬Դľѡ
ϤĻӡ


75 
ͥԺڰŵˮļβС, ˿ƺҲɬǱˮס
΢ˮᵴһĵҲ磬ࡣ
ŷԼж˼ǰ, һκ޹˼ɵıԼ, ھ˼֮Ӷ塣
Ϊ
ҲǴӹŹشһȦ, ٴλ
ӡ
΢ͷ, ü, 峺ӨͬŹ, ۲תǷ·Ũڻ, Ҳ֮ӯһ۵Ϣ
ô˵ѽ
筵۾, Ͱ, ƺڴ˵ʲô
лʹʵ˭дôһŸңһȥõŹĵġ
筴㵡
ȻҪ׷֮ǰ, Сʣܼ𣿡
ܡл, ˵׷Źô´˵㻹顣
筴ϣҲˡ
л˿ΪһҪѵ˵ģ
ȴ𣺡ӲŲҵ
һᡣл̬Ⱦ, һ˵, ԼΪģ
ֱ΢, ˵㶼ȹһҵ𣿡
̾һƺģŨ޳۽ȴգգС˼
л֪ǹתԼעȴġ
ϵӦţͿһĹ̣ϣƺʹ
ĳ棬лһֻ¶޷ǡ
ϵ˶𣿡ʡ
βһıóѵСκлȴһס
̫ҽԺҽʥ֣˵ҵͺˣ̫ҽ˵²ģЦȻ·Ҫ״ͷĹǡ
Ź˵˿ڣתע
Ϊģ֮ǰС
лͷβ˽ƣô᲻أʱҹҹ޷˯̫ҽ˵㰲ĲҩǶʱ䡣
뵽лķ
ŮķٿɲŪңƤ
˭֪ôһ˵꣬лͷ¡
齥ʣҲЩ֮ǰǰһҪ˼СĽҹ봰ķ磬ܽѡ
תͷŷ֣Ͱ𰲻֪ʱѾ뿪
ŷͷСʵŴǲǶƼˣ
Ͱֻۣ㶼úõģȻû
лͷ
ںҿǳĹϵˡЦ
лĻһҭ˵
£ʵӣмҪ㡣
лף˵ʲô
ǲǲֹڸ͢£С
ôõˣȻҲն˯ʱҲὫЩ鷭ȥ롣
۫Ӻ֮ϵ
֮ǰڻ¶ܷʱڷµУ֮ٻ֪ǶԷ¸˽⡣
ɺϣ筱²⡣
Ӥڸ۫¡
λ±Ͽƺ쳾ҲȫȻĳãϾΪ֮ӣҲ㲻
һ룬ƺȫˡ
ΪӵµˣӲŻȫΪȥӡ
лһʵΪλôʣ
筼𣬱Լĵײ²⣬ֻǲˡ
۫Ҫʲô
ÿƷƽ˾ʵȴӿеϣңбְ˲֮ơ
֮ܣǻӵһӰ
κΪβһƣΪֻҪ㹻ĲƸģȨƣԿ̫ӺͶ
ϻĵ׻ϣˡ
ֵ׳꣬ôľ棬Ϊĺֻ꣬ƽ֮ĹϵǲһҶ
ηԼֲ̫ӣ糯̫ӣͷϲãǼʡ
ܸƿֻ⳯磬º庣̡
Ҫʲôֻܷȥ̧
*
ϣصһӵĲˣҲΪ念֮¡
ˣ㣬Ѿϣ׼̽ӵҪ飬Ͻ˵¡
ЩӣҪ
Ͻô˵ҵøʰЩ
ھҪվȥʰ筸Ͻ㣬ȱżǻõȴºͶԺǱߵϢϾڲ鰸ӡ
ҿȥʣȻʥϵĿͣӦúܼܿл˵
Ž
֮л뿪
ðԼͷԭ˯ȴͭƼİ𰣬һֹģ
Ÿղ鷢٣Цʵôˣ⼸Ҳڼңˣ
С㣬С㲻Ҹ£ﲻסڡ
תͷʲô£µģ
˵Ļ£ǰڽǵΪүԩϢһ˵˻ϣѺǸţС˵Ҫס˵ʲôǼҰˣŻͲˡ
õŹ£ǶˣرڽǵָĻӡ
տʼڹУϢͨ涼ΪָĻ֮£ŭ˻ϣűѺڹС
һᶫɽ𣬿ô׺Ĺ˭ҸҪϱ
ǲͣҵҪһ˵
üһ
Ҫǰ𰲻
Ͼ֮Ǵո󣬺һֱ׷ӣѹû˵ϴԼĻ¡
λݳӣ֪˽ûлء
ӣȷʵϵùá
С¹ģū˵ȻҲǸӴűĹ˽ΪԼסˣ֪𣿡
ū澾ã˻ãСҲϲǸӡӣ˻²ءū澾Ӳһԡ
һ·ϣ筺лദġ
лУѾԼҵδү
Ǹʲôӣ˭ϡ˭Ҫȥɡ
ʵ˽飬и˵
С㲻ǷԸ˭˵ġգգ˵
筱Цǰӣվգ԰𰣬СĻ
ܿ죬ȥҡ
Ҳջ£׼ЪϢ
ƣôˣֵ
筿żɽʣ㣬ǲҹ㣬Ҫ˻飿
Ѿͷüͷ΢壬Щã˵Ͼɳ£Σҵ˼ǵȵ֮㡣
С£αͷ筲
Ļõɴ˫̲ס£вġ
Ǵ룬Ҳ;ˡ筳գ۾
ס
˻С£Լͺˡ
ϰ签׵Ĵ·ĿɿڴڶϣŵЮϣŷԼ롣
飬ɲһĹŮġ
ţݣôġ
ãʵô˻飿
İɣ˻飬ҲҪò֪ңû䵽˭һء
˻飬Ҳ


76 
λڳǶ, լռСǵѫҡ
һ磬ſ˸
ܿ, ϳ, ͣº˴š
ū͹, Ǹİ, ʵ˭аݷõ
ûֻȥ˵լµķˣǰݷáԭŵ׿һϰ֮˵ı뺷, 仹ŵ
ʹԭȻһ, ʲôҲû˵
ѲĸŴݣ
Ҫſʵǵ͵, ʲôװζûС
ֱ׿˵ȥ
ŷʹһ㶣תߣͻȻò⼸սǶֵķзλƽɡ
ŷٲҵ, Ͻǰȥ档
ҵķˣǳݵĸϡ
ţЩýе˲ڵ, Ĺ¶ء
ȥѴȥ, ̽̽ԷĿڷ硣£˽ϱ˹
ϱϵʱ, ˵ʱ, Щһֱڹ, û뵽˳ү˵ˣ϶̬ɲʣȴҪ
һҾ͸Ҵǵֱ뺷̵֪ĶϱǲɲҪ
ţصǣĸס
ϵ˵С廹δǺαҪʱż˻ء
ݶѧ˽֪顣Ϻԥ˵
˵һǧ֮ƺԼƭס
ԴǸƽ֮Ů˽֮дδ飬Ҳ˳ȥңֻһֱδҵֻ÷ˡ
гһֱãģǸ˽ŮӲ᳤á
ϲԣȴĵ׶ĸƫӣЩӵδĸȥ
ʵλǰ
ܸ㣬˭ҸҪĶϱģ㽫˾ǣ˻顣˵ǣﻹݶ
ϴһӵĲ⣬ȥǰ
ѱ뵽ǰ£ԭҪһͬǰڣ筵Ľ㣬Ӧõˡ
˵ղʱ˵
֮䣬Ȼ֮£
Ȼ˵ͷ޺ϸڣ򸮽Ǵһ
֮󻹰ϵֶȥ˾׸ѫ˼Ҷٻ˽⡣
ȻҲĴʲô飬һ棬нżҵȵŵ¡
û㣬ܲۡ
ûڴˣ£Ҳܿ쵶ն顣
ϹտżƼϵĹһǳɫȹͬɫˮճӯһյ֫ϸ´ӭҡڵ֦
ỽһ
ͼԭˣ̧ͷת
ĵ׵£׼ȷӦǾޡ
ݣѰǣҲҲڶˡѹֶ˵Ůɫһδ֮ǰоǵһ˵ĳƺš
Ǹܽ籣ҲϼǸˡ
û뵽ԼСδޣȻɫʤ㡣
䲻ĵ׷Ц˵ǿƤңǸСƫƫУĹɫ㲻Ҫƫƫϲѵ˶
ҲǣСϼݣδھ¶档
ϿΧЦôҲϲ裬ǵ¡
޷ǲһ⡣ɫӵȻ
ϣ㡭
û뵽Сﵹͦݡ
ڸ߱ϣˣָ·ޣƲ筡
ȴɲΪ
ⱣֳĬ˭ûڡ
ֱϱﲻסʵ֪ﵽãΪ£
̧ͷϣ֪λ
ϣ
һ仰Щõ뿪
һ뵽ĸĶϻ˵˵һֱݣδǣȻǲʶҡ
΢͸һɵ⡣
жǿ筲ǸĲ֪Ĺ
ûڿڣͷԼ䣬Ѿߣİʾ£ɤӣ˵ٷˣǴүĵޣҲǲĴ̡
Դ̣Ե𣿡筲δЩͷΡ
ϸװƣЩƾ֡
ãһȻԡ
ݽԼҲ筲ʵ
ϲ¶㵵ı顣
ԭĸģ˼Ų˻飬˭֪ȻԸţ˻ˡ
Ǵȥɡ
ϣƽ
΢飬ŷһ˿ûռϷ硣
ҿû˵˻飬̲סʼ䣬ü𣺡ĪҲˡ
筱̫֣ϾڷңҪ㡣
ݴ㲻һ·ˣԼ˽ǽѡ
еĶ˳ڰУϿ˸
ȻҲüǺ
Ȼ̲ˣϵáȻ˵ֱȥ벮˳ɡ
ü㲻֪ɾͱ˵ˡǲΪٴȥ˵ھżң¶ûиȢˡ
ݵĶ壬ԭÿֳһöȴУ˵˵ôõģ
ϵɴ˫ۡ
ŷ֣筴˷ǰģ˻顣
ΪС壬У
ϴһ㵽׶Сʲô
Ӧʣݵʲô
*
ϵõϱϢ˵УгݵĶ
Ҳ˲ñģѾ߼ҴҸ
һǰϸյſڣͿŵĹ˵ҺͳҵŻ£ǵԼ̫̫µġ
ΪƽձȨҸ졣
˶ޣݴСͶź¡
ۼ¥ȴҲۼ¥ˡ
ҳ֮󣬳ҾһֱŽ׮£ֻǵʱǰĵճϱԳұ㰴ţûж
뷽޺ϢϱҲ̲סҪ׮¡
ôö壿ҶʲôϿ筴˿̣壬¶
̧ͷλˡ
ԭû⣬ҵĶϱ
签ЩңʱĥѣһǴ̻ܽʶߵЩ˻ǹ
ˣӦʲô֣һ㣬ܿϵ֡
ϵҶѧӼޡֻѧ⡣
һŮѧ⣬Ϊ˸ŮβԼ˱ˡȷʵѧ˽
ϺˣĿɿڴ
˭뵽һˣȻǶĻҪࡣ
ָıǼ⣬ŭܣҶˡ
ˣöλУḧϵ˿Уﵱֱϵġ
ֻϧȴзˡ
筵ȻҽǰֻΪһ£˻顣
͵͵һϣԼĸƺ˵Щ֡ĸһҪ˻飬Ϊ˼˻飬ء
ϸȫµĸһԼĶӣϵ£˫
ûŮĶӡ
ȻҲֻԼ˻飬бţҪ˻ĵ
ϲ˵ҪףҲҳףһδĹңܹ׵ģһ
Ϻ˵һϱ˽֣ߡ
ŷ֣ڴ˴ŶòͷҲٸǶȦӣֱӵǲǸ֪ؽڵңҲͲ̳һܴŮ˽Ķӡˣǲмλδɡ
֪ھУѧǴŮ˽˵ȲܵΪùӼ໹⾩ǻ
Ժ󻹻ѫԸŷܻļף
ͷһ
ŮȻֻо꣬˵Ҳתۼ飬СӵҪĴȥӰ漸δĹͲ˵ֻŮᱻӰ졣
ҡϴŭ
ЦЦޣϸ˵ŹĶõģʲôң
뿴ңһεŹģ˵˵ƶҸҪңǿ˻顣ƫƫԸ̳ĶӣǸ˸ĸ˽֮ˣŮ˽
ˣȷҪǶ֪£
ϱ÷ЦǰĹɫ񻣬Դһ浾Ӻݵƣ˭֪ﾹ
вԼ
ŭ˻˻飬ûŮӣǳҲƲҪ
ۿĸգڲҪȰ裬һ룬һСǰҪ˻飬ܵҲǻá
ܿ죬˰筵ĸȡ˹
ָָһԵĺӣ˵ЩǵҶʱİ֡񻹸֮Ҿ͸ɡ
ðѺûһ˵ͷ
ϵǲҲҼݶĸ˻
ָḧӵıԵָ£ͻȻЦԭǸûǡ
ԭ
΢΢Щȣĵ׺
ô뷴ڣ
ôԣи߰ҼҵĶϱɲ׺ġ
֮´ȫǳңҪûظߡ᲻
ȴ羪װ㣬ڻը
Ҳϱȴû뵽һһԼҪ
Ӧ˵δʱ˵飬붼롣
ɫǺ˵˵Դ¶թǣˡ
𣿡Цһ˵ŲһǵĴүȴٳδΪӡҴ˿õŹģ״˵ϻ᲻ǲ޷أ
޷
ĸֽϺϣһ
ȥ꿵ƽĵףһϰղϱǵڳƽ޷Ϊҡ
֮Ǳ῵ƽΪƽ
˵вδЧ֮ǰѫңȷʵԼһԼҵӵܡ
Ͼѫ࣬͢ЩңҲһʲСĿ
ҪߵһЩᳯ֧
ûʲôʥ죬ҪȻճӶͣôٳٻδΪء
Ͼ̲סҪֽ̧ѵ筡
ȴסϣĸףɡ
ǿλ߲ƣǻҪֱǲ֪
ϰĸףүδΪӣѵҪСۣеľλ𣿡
ʥӢᱻСŮ仰Ի󡣡
˫ϣֹ̧ȥ筣СŮ˽֮£Ҳȷ¡
ŮڽǵһӶܲεһССĲ
ʲôҡ
졣ϼ򲻳筣߳ŭ֮£̧־͸һơ
ŭΪѧθ
ϱһ£ûգֱֱͦϣ˵û£ΪλᱻҪĶղء
˵ҪظҪӣ
̧ϣһӣȻиġ
ϲ˴򽻵
ǧһڣЩ
ϴƿ˿ҲɵǧʨӴ󿪿ڡ
ǧӣһĻˡ
ѰޣǧŮǧ
λһһҵȻţһֱȴδһ˿һڵ顣ȻλղûǾǧȥ
ۣҾҪԼȥ
˵ֽϱĿɿڴ
۲תЦ˵λӦø˲ǣϾǶ˵λ˵ĻҲһǧ𡣡
ྫĻ
ϱ筵˼ˣȻЦ۵ȴĮ˼ֱס
Ϊλ˵Ļʮֲġ
ҾʨӴ󿪿ˡ
*
ǧǲ
筲æλò⣬Ҳ벮үǴү顣Ӿֵøǲֵø
Ȼʱ󣬳ҵλӱ˻
ү֪ţҪ˻飬֪ԭǰշ˾ȥһˡ
㵱ǺͿͿۿҪϴԩȻʱȥŮ˵˵Ӿôģ
ү˵ʱ°ϵĶһһǰһ
ϵһֱ˵Ҫ˻飬˵ҪٵȵȣٵȵȡﶼȥõŹģǵˣ˵ǳҪ𣿡
Ҫ֪ΪҪǵΪԩȥˡ
үۻ軨ǿ˵죬ҳ飬˴ӻǸ񶼲֪ĸαӣΪȥǵϾ
ûС
һûС
ֹûУҲûɵġ
ճүҲڴȻ筵һһ
ôһСͶ㣬ȴöжա
õǧӡ
ǳүߵĹܼңģȻ˭֪ǮΪڽǵ筵ĳү֪λСֻв
ĸңȥ״
ȻүҲ֪ûֻ֣ùܼǮ
ðƱϣݵĸ˳ҡ
˫ǳ塣
˳֮󣬸ϳ׿ʵС㣬ڻȥ𣿡
ȥȥ׸˵
׿ΪҪȥлǰ
˾׸Լҳƹ٣ſڵۣƼôһλòŮӣæȥ档
л˵˴£µѰԼ˭
ſڣƼſվŵˡ
ơл¶һ˿Цݣ
תͷͬʱߵߣӣ㣬ûŵɡ
лҡҡͷûС
ʣ£
ǰղ˵׸ļƿЩ񡣡˵
лºͣǰѾ
˸ڣ⻹ͷһء
ȻҲǶƣֻϣܰﵽЩػԼļ԰ͷϸ
һ磬һǳ㣬ıǼ䡣
筰ǧƱóлЩȣôࣿ
筲δԼҵĻԼ֮ʵȻ˵ʱ򣬻ǲ۲ɫϾ˭֪ԼŮӣԭлԼῪġ
˵꣬лû˵
ľ筵һĺϺ£Ĺ߲ͣԾ
ӣˣСʵ
лʹЩƣԿڣȴҪڣʣԼΪ𣿡
ԭȴһ仰ʵסγˮ۲תڵɬġ
Ťͷ𴦣ЩˬѲɻб𣿡
͸Щĵ֮һ
ҪǴ˵ԺлҪƲסڻС
Ϊļƿһ£лְΧȥ˸µĹԱһдǰ޲õҾ
ЩӣЩĹΪӵ£үү̡
һһˣҲѸЩ̼֣ƽһҸȫˡ
֪ҪǧӣλС޳
ëҪ¼֣һֱڲ
ʵҾʲô飿
УǸ˵ˣǾϵģо׸԰䷢ļν滹Ǹ¡
üЦ鷳һݡ
лŤͷʣʲô
ֱνǸԼҪġ
֪ߣҲһЦ
ʱ֣Ĵٴα죬ξġ
Ժĳүϵ֪Ϣԭһͷˮȵ֪ΪǾǧӣ˿̻ڳʱ˾һ
ŪӾǽվġ
һ뵽ǽ筵ǧӣ۾һ˹ȥ


77 
ոһ, Ƴﶬۣ֬һУ߰˰ˡۿŹӦ, һֱڶǾϹ
ԴҦȥһ˽, ոĻ˽ϣݡꡢٰȵ, ǧ
˵ոս
ǰδ׬ӣû뵽֮, ҵһǰδе·
ո, Ҳûű, һЩǰйʵĹˣԹո
ЩȻǻſЦ˼һԭ߸ϵĹӷˣȻ䵽
ֺ̼εȵͼ
ЩѫὫݵ˿С
յĸŹŮ, ȴһࡣ
˭˲̾ء
û뵽ȴ˿, û߳ŭ, ڶԷʱ, ϸ˾崺, ϼ, Ц˾Ȼǳ, 򿪺ɰ, ֬ˮ۰߰˰ˡ
ǰ˻, һҪȥ
ȴ, ˵Ը, ǰΪѣί
˻¶һ죬αٸһί
һϣոڶ¥˷ţľû
̯˿Ҳóֲݡ
վĥţǲǸȥƣ筱ϾǸңһԿء
һ
˭֪ûӦѾͷȥԺˡ
ոӶһǡǰլľӪģʽȻֹǱĿ֬ߺԺҲɹһЩԭϡ
ڵµĹû¶Ҳĥ֬
ŵ˭˻ӭĿ֬͡
ʱţҪȥû뵽һţиŮ˵С㣬¥λˣ˵ľɹʣҪ
ûоȣЩȷʵвپɹʡ
ȷʵõˣҲЦ
Ůһͬ¥յ¥¾ͿһŶɫӵŮѩһɫɴƲģɶ˿ˣҲǸòڵŮ
㡣ܽǰģ
ȴҲû뵽ãŵ˵ﲻ˵ĵط¥ɡ
˭֪ܽȴҡͷ˵þû棬ȥ¥һкЩҪ˵
룬ͷӦʡ
ܿ죬һǰһȥ˲ԶһҲ¥
¥ϣ֮ܽ˵㣬ôû㣬㲻ɣ
ôᣬľУţס
ܽһЦ⣬Ȼ㣬ϰҪֺá
ֱСʣ˵İҪˣ
Ѿ龩ǣܽ籵ҲڳΪ٣ᵽڲŵ֪Ϣ
ΪʲôʱԼʡ
ԣΨһ筡
ֻܽǡͬѣ˴ǰͬסƽڣҲȲԶǧ֮筣ĵҪ
ǵģѾ¡Ժ̲˾󣬵İӺܿͻˮʯġ
ܽЦ˵ǿ̫ˡһ˺ܿͿžˡ
Ц£յһڡ
㣬ǲǶʲô᣿ͻȻܽСʵ
⣺Ϊôʣ
ܽ۽ǣƵ͵ͳ£㣬Դ֮Ǿûһ˵飬һǴ˴֪ġ
ֲʲô£αδС˵ֻƽİˡ
˵
ܽС˵ûãܴﵽ㡣
˿ܽᵽ筣дϡ
˵һһֱûء
֪ѣΪҲȷʵûἰ֮ܽľֻδ档
Դ˿˿ûлɣԺþھУеǼĻᡣ
˵εΪץĻӵ֤ݣ
ھѴ飬Ů筣ηǿȨѰ֤ݣ游ԩ
㾪Ķǵĳǻ϶ټ
оƹ˵ˣһα˹£ÿ˵ʱ򣬶ӮúȲʡ
֮һֱڰе֮ս࣬첻ˣҵˡΪǺ£䡣
Щ֪Ϣûʲô
ԭܽе˿ٴαקţĲ΢΢Σֱ˵Ļӱǰѽ
ԣü壬ЩԾ
ֱյȴԼͷЩֱǧأ̧ˡ
衭֪ãȴУ졣
*
ǡ
ͷӽ㴦ˮͨ˴£ڿɵִｭݡݵȵء
˿ͷַǷȺܼٵײæжװ
գЩֻųಲ̴Ϻˮܲ
һһȺװͳһľʿжӶͷ˶ԴһϰΪģ
ͷˮ·ᣬ뾩Ļڴ˴װж
˱ӪľҲӴ˴䣬һУξģĽʿԼʿڴµһ
ˮ棬ʳḻʦλټϻƺӽ֣Щӣһһʳִͷ
ֶȷɱͷЩ֮¡
ϰӾΪǱҪѡ޲ھǰӪ
Դӳƽ֮Ӫһֻ̬ܴءӣ֮ݲ㣬ͻӱ߾
Ӫѹڻϵİͷ
ǾǵıӪ˽¶
궼ûܹӵȻ˼ҴĲһ֣ⶼʲô¶
ֶȷɳһžʿж
Ϊ֮ǰжʱ͵Ժ͸ɴþʿж
ˣҪȥԱЪ᣿ԱߵСֺ˵
ֶȷҡͷǰ˼
˭֪һԻһװװĻһľ䣬ϰȥ
ƴ߹ֶȷԱһ
ԭֻǸ·˭֪Ŀǡ΢ŵıиĲϡ
ֶȷ̧ͷҴͻȻͷСҴļҵģ
ϳҵģҵľڽǱ߶ʮֺСЦ˵
ιǰͻȻֶȷɳ
ǰƣͻȻһ٣ȴûͷ
ߵİ֣ɽ̧ա
ֶȷԭվڴߵҹ£ۿԼ˱УξģסҲϹ
ˣ֪кηԸһЦ
ֶȷ˵ȴ˳ӵƣ˿죬Цʱη
ָ̧ӣװź
Ĩ˰麹ЦһΪʲôأⲻǳУҵĳھҲԶˡ
򿪡ֶȷ
ܼڨڨһЦ˵ˣЩжǱģ滹жϵķءⲻǱߣСԸǲ˽Դ򿪵ġ
˵ţܼҴͳһƱѹ֪˽ڴ˴ˣƱɾ⣬˺ȸơ
ֶȷܼŷ֣λƺԸǰĶһ
ܼҶţ˽ӷ£ǰ򿪡
ӸƿһʱֶȷƼ˿
ǰһ鿴˭֪һȴһǾʿǰʳɢˣʳضǡ
Ǵ£ֶȷæȥ鿴
þ飬ͷͷĻѾ˽˿﷫𺽡
筵֪ʧٵϢʱ֮
ʲôһֱûոҲûؼңΪڲ˵
Ѿߣʱ²ѡ
ʲôǿãܻˣ
ĵûѾߣȴڹԼһĻӵˣΪ̫ƽʧ˾衣
Ͻ˾ۼѯ뿪ǰ顣
иŮиҴ
ģͷۡ
ո֬ˮ۵ӣŮ֡
Ůҡͷλɴū澲δģ
¶ɫ
һлְסļ򣬳ǸŮｻ̸ݣǿ˭
ŮиŮԥԥǸŮӼʱԱдһλŮͣҺǸ˴㡣
筵ɴ˫ۡ
㣿
ƺ֮⣬ֻ¾ʣһ˽ˡ
ܽ籣ĵҧ֡
תߡ
л׷ȥסƣʵ֪ںδ
ûŮ˵ǸŮӽд㣬Կ϶ܽ籡֮⣬ûˣǰҪҡø㣬ѴҪ̷ġ
ֻһֱΪûŷȪצܽƲˡ
ףܽΪҪΪԼ񻹰ܴ㡣
ǹϵܣ˵ǲΪʲôҪһٶ顣
֮筺ܿڲ¥ҵ˴ͳ
ԭ˶ˣֻû뵽ǣиѾߡ
ܽ籵Ѿߡ
޺˵С㣬ū澵ʱţ˵ˣһӣ˴ͷѴͶ
Ʊ
ôû뵽Ȼܽ籽ߵġ
˽˰ߣԼȥꡣ
һô˵Ҫʱ䣬ռǮ
ոʱڣսǮׯҲӡ
ǮׯƹҲǼ֮ͨˣȻһʱڣһ
筺лһ𣬴ӣǰͷ
̴ͣ࣬Ҫٶ⴬͵
л棬о׸ƣ·㣬ȻûһͰѴ⵽
ǰͷû뵽һߵľʿײϣΪ׵һٵ꣬һУξͦΣü۲ǳҫۡ
·һս
ֶȷͣ½Ų
Ҳû뵽ڴ˴ٴżλδ꽫ףУξû뵽ڴ˴㡣֮ǰ飬һֱҪл㣬ȴԵü
ǰֶȷɾ˴㣬лҳûһλ
ϾǼȵ֮󣬵ڶ˲ڽµĽ
ӪĴ֮£ٴδܱˡ
ϧ֮ǰæŶԸĻӣ˰£ǽԵл
ˣֶȷЦ˻͸ӢЦƺڽ⡣
ŤͷлͣǰҲ˵ȴգλУξˡ
л֪ԼᣬһЦ֪
筸Ҫֶȷɵ𣬱Ͼ飬Ҫ
ԺУһͷ
Уξǰǲһֱͷʲôֵ飿
ӣ˴ǰݡ
ɼӦҲǳ˴£½·Ļ˵ûȵ
ֶȷüЩ⣬ʵ˻ʲô˼
Уξɷǰһ筿
ֶȷǰ筵Ҵձ˰ܣҳ˴ǰͷҴ㡣
ֶȷɣ筲
лЩȡ
֪筵ӣǶҲǹãŸԼʵݡ
ˣкر֮
ԭδֶȷɷелǶ˴˼ۡ
ֶȷɴ˿ȴȻǰиׯĻƣ̧ľ䣬ľǳأ˵˿׳ӣ˳
Ҳǵʱֶȷɣ˷ӵԵɡ
ֻǺ˵С⣬ӵľٶϡ
ֻ¾⣬Ҳ⡣
û뵽һʣʳ˶ߡ
лУξ֮£պ󶨵л筸Ҫ뿪
л˴ֻǻЯһӣ¾ӣᶼҪһӡ
лȳۣݡ
һ˿𣿡筲ĵ
лο޷
ʵ˼һͬ˴뿪Ȼ飬˵
Ͼһ׸Ʒƹ٣ء
˵¿Ļ֮йأվڴͷ
лסƣ֮йأҲǴˡ
䣬£˰ĵĵȻ侲


78 
۱, Ӻ
ʱŷԼһƬֽŶ, ͸Ǳһ鲼ס۾ŬӦڰ, ҲֻԼ, ԼߵĶǴӡ
ΨͷһխС, ©¹⡣
ܿ, ͷ˲ԾΪԼһζĸо
ס, ŬĶͻȻŷ, ƺһһ˳žҹУԵøӿ
Լڴϣ
һȷԼεء
ֻ, ΪʲôԼһӾͻڴϣо˭ҪԼ
ܽ籣
ͷȴԼò˼, Ͼ, ܽûôԵɣҪϴԩΪˣӦÿģΪλҪԼ
ֻ벻ͨˣʱһڡ
ܽڴ, Ŵ, ҹ˴, ڴֻС
ֱ, ܽ籵ɡ
, ͷϢ, ѾӺˣ˴ǰݡһ£
ܽ籸һֽҲţΨûбš
ԭǻͷˣŸ봫Ϣ
筵Ĵֻճͷ˾ͷŸ롣
Ƕ׼ݸУ黹δ׸ǹ׶ۣתأֻҪɱ筣޶֤ʱ̫飬ϱȻ¼޷ҲᱻȦ
лȻǱϾԼУϵܽ籡
Ȼܽһʼ֪ԭĵйأѣȴ޷޶á
л뻹һ޷ܾ
ʱĻҲףֻǾ֣ѹ޷ܽ籡
в棬á
˾ĻϾЩĻӲ˰ɱ筺л޹İһһ
Щʣµˣܽ籡
ΣʵҲв
һܽ籲ĻӵԸ£ͷ죬ֻ¾ͻᷭ顣
һʼܽ񾩳ûĻӵĻھΧ筶֣ȴʧ֣˵ھҲа
罫ճڱ𴦶֡
ݣܽ˸ߴĵط
Ҫֵģȴݡ
Ƕ׼ã˷Чµʱ򣬵ܷͿǽ£ɹʡܽ󱻰סʩʱ
Է뿪ܽ籿ڴձá
֮ǰΪ⣬ʹӣʱϾڰ
ʱڴУҷֱû˿ԣֵȻûϰ
ڽѴӦز֮սࡣ
ƽۿ˷ĻᣬȻسƽС㡣
ǸҲܱҵСҪǿĶࡣ
ֻϧĻӽܣѱҪҼûĴҲ˩ס
ĻӹǽΪɱ筣ܾԼ
֪ܽԼͣȴΪаѱУҲòһΡ
˽Լڴգ;ֻǸӴΪ˸һִǱһܵġ
Щ޷ɱ筣ҲԼѵĽڡ
*
筴˿վڴϣŷںǰܿ촬ϵĻƹ˵̫зķգҪʱҸͷͣ
޷ǰ𣿡վڴϣθҡΡ
ƴĴϴҡͷСĲԸ⣬ֻʵ̫ˣ㲻зաǲżĻҹЪϢһ¡
ż
ȰתͷллʵҪǿҹдأ
ٴ¶ɫˣСȷʵ̫Щ
лüͷԶ
Ʊ£ŭţ죬ǰһƬƽ͵Ľ棬˿Ѿκлãǰɡȵ޷ǰʱ档
˿лô򿿰
뿪лתͷ筣֪㵣㣬ٴЩ͵
筹ɵͷӦ˵˾á
ڽշ󣬵Ǵ˳磬Դֻڽϳ˷ˣٱǰ졣
ֹһʱϷ˽С
Ҳ
ȥ˯һɣԷһʱҪ׷ϲסлķޡ
ҡͷлȴô֡
˴գڴյϢ΢ͷʣأ
Ҳߣ㣬лʱ签ԼֵС
ΪͶ顣
Ϊ
סƣߵ齼ɷ򲻾СڣȻǴɷֻǸСŮӡ齣ҷһ롣
лһͬʱỺ
˿ͷͷͷľ˸
ֱٴһ֪Լ˵ʲô
ȷʵû̫ԶֻǾŴȻˣαܿ࣬˵лҲûһɹ
΢ͷʱĺ۲תˡ
ÿ̬ʱܸоͷǹɿҪƲס.֫ٺջһ
κʱ̣ףֻǺ쳾ˡ
ֱ׵̰
һ̣촽ֱĶҧһ
۵筵һ
лɿڣͷƵŭ´Σ˵ֻ
ۿתߣͷҲأʲô׷
ڴߣ£ԽԽԾԽԽ죬ֱ
˵齷һ㣬ֻǷһط˯
뵽δȥˣ
д
лվڼװϣϵķˮȴɽԺеĻ𻨡
̵ԭ֬ĴУһˢĸй١
лʰľʱķСˣϲҲƽ
תشգȻսȥͿϵ˰һţǸ齲խȴֻռССĽ䣬ϸʲôûǡ
лŲ߹ȥ齱ߣŴƵĵƹ⣬
˯ú죬ƣ쳣
յűϣҹ˿˿Ƶ˳ľ֮ķ϶͸ڡ
Сĸϡ
ƺоůץסӣ˯˯
л𣬽˯տ÷Ǹ¶һǳЦ⡣
ͻȻԭ̧֣ҪƤϵͷȴڰգŴβĶ
һХ
Ϯ
˴Ӵβˡ
筱ҵѣͿлվڴſڣŷ죬⿴һۡ
˿筵Ļϴʿ̱ӡ
ҳȥл
ƿϽ齣ˤһӣסлȥĽŲ
лתסڴš
ҡͷУڲ˹
ʼڣлһͬǰ
ڻ£Ϊ˾Լǿ˹ʹܣЩɴ
յ״筴˿̻¡
£ֻһȺСˡҿЩܽЩ£ֻǳȥԷֹЩɱ˴򡣡
лһʱ뵽ľǴ
ϾǶݴЩϴܿܵһʱ䣬ȥɱ
筰סȥ鿴
˽ŵ£лͷ̲סһ˿Ц˵浱ˡ
筿ɲ˵ʲôţ塣
׿Ҳù
ʣжϴˣ
׿ҡͷҹɫ̫ڣ̫Ӧʮˡ
üʮˣһС崬û뵽Ȼǰû֡
Щջ
ɵ˸ǰŷЩʵڡ
筵ĻɾͶԸǡ
лȥŴŷִڳ֮󣬾Ͷ㵽˼װĴգѹûܵ
筿ŴϺܿ죬˵ʬ塣
ֻ̫ɡ
ѵһȺǮۿĽСʿ
㱻ҲǸ⣬Щ¶޹ء
ͷȻԺ𣬿־ò˼顣
Ͼɺϣɵ˾ÿ¡
Ǹ˼ô࣬Ϊλᵥأ
Ҳʣӣ¸Ļûйϵ
лüżװϣѾ˲͵ϮߣټұҲΪĻйأЩǰЩʿȣ̫ࡣ
֮
ǻɣѹĻӶ֡
ĻڱڸֵµЩץץ˭ڻðͷء
Ĳ
筺лˣ벻ɵ˭
ӣ
ǰӵĴգȴ֣û˳ûӡ
ֱ˸طװ壬лһץס筵֡
顯һ죬쳹
һζߴͷ˲ʧķѵĴڿҷɣˮ档
ˮľ޴˻һӽװվŵ˳嵽˴¡
筻δڼװվȣ͸оһɾ޴ĳƷ
ˮС
˷ӿĺˮû۱ǿڣԭصˮУһ±ǧء
筲ˮֻˮвͣ
ظ·Ҫը㣬ŵ촽ڱﲻסҪ죬ӿȥȴǿɬ̵ĺˮ

ĺУϸСļû
˲ͣͣ׹ƺ޷赲ˮеĽ֡
签ЩЦ
ΪԼܸıˣɵͷԼı䲻ˡ
ѵվҪ
ֻϧ˵ˣݼɲ
ӡ
ӤĶҡ
ͷͷԽһԼġ
оˮһֻƣץס˱§ڻС
˿̽Ե筣Ҫ۾
ȴ֣ƿһ˿϶ȴǱһƬڰ
ȴٺ¡
筱ŸˮʱлתͷܣҴѿʼ³ƮŸֵƬ˵ʬ塣
лץסһ鴬Ƭҵ鴬㹻
筱ϴ塣
ڴϣʪ͸ϸĵԽϸؿţʱԽԡ
л˲ֱ࣬ӽڳĿڱǡ
δѣͷ촽ȥ
һһڣƴ
ƣл֡
ɫֽŮڲ֪ʱȻ¶¹ҫ£ԽԵò԰
ֱٶһµŮظ͵񶯡
һĿĺܴ
筻ƿƤߺơ
Цһ˫۽һŽȴӢӣɳƵȻжƭ˵ģ˵ʲôұɽˮ֮أܹ˽
Դ֮һһα׷ɱ
ƭӡ筱Թ
ֻϻЦ
ٺȻЦó
һ룬µıԹڴ
лסĴ꣬Ĵסȴ·леǡ
ʱ˵ء顢˾ˡ
ҪȷϣѹǸ鴬һı˶
ͷ죬Ĵ塣
һڴ˿ֵ̳ĽˮԣӰҡ
ãлڴϣѾƣߣˮǣһ·ǰ
ƫͷˡ
ü۱ˮȾˮīͰ㣬ǵͷһ
ôˣᡣ
΢΢һЦ۽޸ȾЦ⡣
ղŵ֮䣬Ҷû¡
Ů˵ʱüչϵĲ԰׽ȥһĵȻᡣ
Ϊ֪ӣһѰҡ
ԭûô¡
Ϊ֪иˣԸ


79 
ҹ, һ޼ʣƽ֮°ļ
ʪ͸һ, 䲻˺ü硣лѽԼ, Ҳʪ͸ġ
޷
ڴϣ, ˫ֱϥǣͨһ
ͷ, лˮС

лȴûӦ, ˫סıԵ, Ӱơ
ԭһֱлڹ۲֮ǰһεĺ, ĴӰ뼫Զ
Ưһʱ󣬺խ
ۿźӰ, ֻмʮ, лԥˮ
Ŵ岻ͣǰ°ӿſڴ, Ҷ¸鷳
筽΢¹, л
˫¶ˮ, ƴŴԵʪ͸խ, ճֱ۾ݵ
ɫ£筿Խ׵ա
ſڴԵ, һ, ©һͼ͵ĳ
¡ˮ, Ҫ䡣
ҡҡͷҲ£Ҿ㡣
ˮֻſڴϡ
֪˶ã签Լ˿ҪĽӲָⶼ̧һֱˮел·֪ƣ룬봬壬һ·˺Ӱߡ
ۿԭʮԶĺӰŬ£ýߡ
ײߣײĵ׶Ī̤ʵ
筣ȥӤڡ
ԭص˿ȴ͸þ˵⼸֡
Ƚǻͷ信ݵף˿̲԰쳣
ٵ飬Ͻ˳Ŵ壬ץסӰҰݣҪϡ
ֻǲҶ̫ʪЩˮС
һ˰֣ӣָң
лŴ壬һεߣֵ
קŴ壬໥ˮֱӽ˵
ѹСʧȥ֪壬ƺһ˿˿
ô
ȴԺͷΪǳˡ
лƿ£ϡ
±£ϣΪһֱӷ紵ţЩˡ
ǿе㱣ůðɡ
筺ܿȥЩɲݻҿ죬Χή֦в١
ϵĻӣֽġ
ʱ±ʪû뵽컹һ
𣬵ȼѣůĻһɢΧʪͳʪ
лڶϢǿ
Χ
ںϣƺֻˮ
½أЩҹﳳӵ
ڻԣɬһԲ
ôˣлŤͷ
͵˵һ𣬺ûһ̰ȹұ׷ɱҶˣôҸӴƺֻЩ
ϲһˣôģ
һãء
лģȴֻһһεĥѡ
лͣϣԣҪԶ𣿡
筱ʵһ
ȥһһĥ֮ҪԶ
л˵ǻصʼʱ򣬼װϲңװҲ㡣֪֪Ըһһγ
ỬָӲơ
ϲһˣҪϵɽ𺣣֮Ը
̧ǰˣͬīʹճ٣˿޻£з·ǳ⣬ԡ
ŷ֣Լ˵й԰
ֱסĲԲ𡣡
ңͲ˵Ļ
лֻ̧رͳŴ
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˿ܽ籵ĴѾͣԭ֮ǰֻ̫ʱͣڰߡ
ܿ죬ܽյŸ봫Ϣ
˵Ѿըˣȵû뵽ô˳
ˣǰĻµʿȫǰȥ筵Ĵֻ
˳
ԡĹܿأϸ񣬾ǾҪõҲҪڸ׼
ĻŷȪ֮󣬾Ĵռ£ѰһԡԵĹˡ
δ͢ġ⣬ǹƾ鱾ǳ֪ʶԼ顣
ɹһСͻ𵯡
Ļӵײʹ֡ЩٻӺ˽¶л
ǡȴܴ۵Ķ
ǰһ£ϲýϴ
ͷըʱǵҲûü룬˲ʹ
һʹ
ȻǶʿӦÿͬ鸰ȴһˣ˵׻Щˡ
ܽ籵ͷ鷳㣬ֽŵӶɿ𣿡
ףҪ⿪ʱܽ˵԰Ƚ⿪ϵҵʵ۵
Ƚ⿪ϵӡ
Ŷ£ȥϰŵӡ
˭֪սɿͻȻоһʹ̧ͷͼǰĹֱӰεϵķ
һ¡һ¡һ£ܽеķƵĴӡ
ֱĲӴѰ㣬ͣ֡
ʱӲѪעǲͣѪҪָ̧ܽ籣ֱۻδ̧𣬾ڵϡ
ΪʲôҪɱң
۾ûбϡ
ܽŷڷղѪ罦ϣͣ£ĵֻһͷ
ɱֻҪɱû֪ΰܵı
á
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ܼ޸ĻӣֻҪƽڣǸŹŮ
ܽз̲סЦ
һΣӮˡ
ܽƳŵ棬ƿţԱ߶ȥ
Ϊ˷ֹԼ밵̸˰ԼԶĵط
ϵѪȵģȽȴġ
һһȻ㹻Ӳǵһɱˡ
ƿյţС㣬㡣
ȴӦ
ܽڹȥȴͻȻоϲһʲô
ŷ־Ƕϵӡ
˾ˣ
ڴתһȦ

ʱǰ
Ϊ̫󣬴ֻʱͣΪ󲿷ʿǰȥ筡
Ҵȷʵ̻ĴֻǱʱáΪôһУϵĹҹߡ
ֻԼס
ԼװһƬ
ֶȷɵСǰû˷֡
ۣûκθأپЩ󴬻Ҫ졣
ǰͳǵĴ󴬣һ·ûͣЪҴͣߺ󣬾ı׷
Ϊ˷ֹ˷֣ôСͣԶԶģԴˮεߡ
Ѹ˴
һʼҲ֪ĸڡ
ڼװ䣬һһڣһת顣
ĵױЩ뷨
ڣ뿪˹ȥ
һʱ򿪲ʱƺˣһ͵
·ͱʲô
ֶȷߣ̧Ҫס͵Ĳ飬˭֪ںڰ˰죬ֱоԼ˲ϣġ
ȴĵĴУĹĵģЩ
δйĸо
ʲô
ͷһΡ
ǰĹȴǲ裬һУײ˹Դһͷײ°ͣ۵ֶȷɲǰһڡ
ңֶȷɡ
ڸоϵĹƺҪײʱϽѹ˾䡣
ȻҶˡ
ֶȷɲûӣ»Ҳ֪Ҵϣжٰˡ
ڣֶȷɰϵĲÿ
ڸɿӣֶȷɵ
ɳĬ
£ԭҪԼ͹ȥɰ˭֪һΪ˫˫Ŷסһʧȥƽ⡣
ٴײʱ͸оٴεԼظϡ
ŰĳĬҧŴŰյ֡
Բ𡣡ֶȷɺ֪ŷԼģŮӵظ
ذףֽŵӶʱԺлдһͷ
ǸδҲ̫˰ɡ


80 
ֶȷһ·, ǱˮУδ̫˳ˡ
֪İѾǰȥ筵Ĵֻ, ڴϵ˴඼ǲ֪Ĵ
ܽ籶û뵽˵ǹƥ׷
ֻ̫˳, ֶȷ»з, ֱϰ
ſԼϣӲγȥһأ˺Ӱ
һϰڰߴϢ
ûˮſֶȷɵı, ʱʱҪһںˮ
Ъ֮ձζֹŹ
, ȥҵɲ, ȡȡůֶȷɶ꣬뿪
ûԶ, ҵһЩɲ񣬾
ֻϵĻ, ˮʪֻóذ, ľĶ⣬ȡԭʼķʽȡ
˫ֻϥ, °͵ֱϣֶȷȡ
ȡ𷽷, , Ū˰, ֶȷɻû
̧ͷǰӣȾһ˿⣬οǸԼƵ˵ϣϾܵš
Ȼ䣬ľ͸ɲݼһǻһ˻硣
ΧīŨҹ˲䱻ɢ˵㡣
ɫӳϣ껶һˣˣҾ˵ܵš
Ʋͷȥ꿡ʵüۣżЦ⡣
Ц罾Ŀѣ
ܿ죬ֶȷɰѻ˻
ҪҪ㣬Ƚůֶ͡ȷɼѽԶĵط̲סڡ
Ҳȷʵ
Сţѣܹĥѡ
ˮһ⣬ЩҪԣŲŲ
Ǹֶȷɿڣȴеݣͷ˵ҷðֻǡ
̫ڣŲСء
Ρ
˵ˡͻȻĽ͡
筣׳ھǺţܵͳŵŮĹؽ
ôûԼɷ֮ˣ֡
񣬾ȻظȻ֪Էģȴһ˿ͷþ޷ɢȥ
رֶȷɻҪ
ӵˣ޲ùȥ졣
ĺĺ
ֶȷɸϽ죬˻͵͵̧ͷӳµŮӣһͷںڳɢڼͷ֬ļɢĹ
˱;ɫοʱӳš
ʵУξôڴ˴
ˡ
ֶȷҲ뵽£˵ҽձͷϵµһ˵
ͣ£ƺ˼ĳƺ
˵㱻ܣҪһȥ
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ż筣̲סʣأΪУξѾˣû
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µѾ϶ܽ籸Ĺ
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ȼյĸɲ񣬷žĴ졣
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꣬ҡͷˣҷ֮¡
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Ҳû뵽Լ棬ֱ˿ڡ
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ԭ϶˿ڵСӡ
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΢ü˵Уξ˿ڻҪСЩ
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лǳĬԣֻ΢״һ˿˿Ц⡣
筱۾ԱЦֱЦɣǿš
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筼ܸоǻΪЦ𶯵ķȡ
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κ°뱲ֻ²Ȧţʱټ޽ȥӡ
ΪܽԼȰ˵
С㣬ܽ޹أǸСж¡ǰܣǡըôΪǶȴӰֻ˴˵Ķ֡ǿ˵꣬գ
筲ΪǾȥŰɣġ
ȴƺ⣺С㣬ҵĴүУĹǡһ𱻰ˣʬ㲻ôֲܡ
ǣ⻹ˡ
筲㱻ԷЦˡ
Сݣδ뺫ϻܽĸŮӴ
֮ǰܽȻΪո⣬նȴҲ˺
Ϸţǻˡ
筸ߺһ׿
С㡣׿Ӧһ
筿źﲻҪˣҪʬȥ׸ٰɣ˳ȥһѰ˰Щ
ɣɡﱻŵ֡
һˮǧҪȻͻˣպôˡ
͸Ͻ뿪Ҫŭǡ
Į
ŷ֣Ȼǳ㣬ģλβС㡣
С˵ܽ籲ô˵ҵĶǻˣҲС㡣
ָԼĳķңԼҽãˣǿ϶Ҳż񱨹٣ķӡҵ۾˰ɡСҵʲôء
׿ȥ١
Ŀɿڴ
ǰŵǼ£˵ȥ˻飬˼ǧ
ȫǵҹ壬˭˲֪ң˻ħŮӡ
ŷ֣ԼǰλвҲãҲãԲܡ
ںԼͶ
ƫƫȴ»ܽ籵
ٲڴ˾ͷҲأ뿪ˡ
ߺ˵ҪģαҪܽƹˤ
ҲŲأֲЩҥԡԼ˿
ĵںδ
ҿ㣬ǳԶӡ


83 
ѵ
ʵϿ, ŵ½ɣСȣͼһ·Ž, ӵˡ
Ӥ¡Щ졣
ҪһԵС, 
¡С׵ӣһѣȥЪϢɡ
, ¡ СɬһЦŤ뿪
¡۵ĿСɵıӰ¶һ, ΪһǿƵĵ, ͬǸǿƵˡ
ǿƵ, ֵס顣
һ, ʱɱ, һС
껪źģĶԱȡ
ر׳̫, ¡о޵ļʡ
Сº󣬻ʵ, óӤɡ
лһɫ֯, ϵ, ͦζ޳, ĵǰ, ⰫС
΢л, μ¡
л°, ϹϾ
ʵԳ΢δ̧֣ʾˣɡֻˣαظʲ
Ӥתͷ¡ַԸ
л֮󣬾¡ۿЦʵ㸸˵Щھ׸˲ٰӣսڳޣ˵׸һλй١
ЩСӣ΢ʢ
¡ζʵ˵ɣôʲô飿
΢ҪһҪϣ϶ᡣ
վڵϣ֣˵
¡ģɫҲк£ֱ˵ǣʲΪġ
΢֮£¹¹ǧǧʧȥ԰ɲ֪ٵ񡣡
¡۳Ĭ
лӻͳǸȾѪĲҺɫĳѪȾĸ

¡һ£̵ǰлеĲ
С򿪣ҪʸϿĶ͸СĶԴ֮沢ʲôرĶֻһЩš
ݸʵۡ
¡۴򿪣ŷⲢţһ״ֽ
һпȥɫԽԽ˫״ֽıԵЩҪ飬ֻĿɭȻĽ״ֽ꣬ǵ˵
¡۳ĬãҧӤ״ֽǴӺδģ
л֮ǰ˵ػϣǰվзһ£ĵճŮ˰ܡΪ׸ƹ٣筣һͬǾˡǵĴֻڽϱ͵ϮһСׯҲǸСׯ⣬һģӣ׷ɱǾ´˺㽫һֱڻеĴｻǡ
˵һ·ϵվԱǰʿϾ״һ·׷ɱ
һ죬̧֣԰ϰڼ
¡ŭڸ£˫۾ѲɶϹ˲ɣ飬ô˵졣
ŵãһ£͹˵ϡ
ڻϸǰźô꣬ɫҲ֪ˡ
ȥˮ֮󣬳͢䷢ֿղ½ϣôһ㱨ģ鱻ʱƣưá
˵꣬ԭأĬá
ֱ¡۷һ̴ٵĺЦʵۣãȴԼĽɽͰգһ֪
״ģܱɱ;С
Ļ֮ˣš
Ϣŭȥ꽭ˮһϱ£ƴˮ֮֡͢Ҳ¿ȴ顣ɼǽ֮أһҪֻ죬ɱʥ
Աߣĵ׸л˴Ĵָ
ӵ¹û뵽˻˵
ɲ֮ģ飬ǶǵµΪͬۡ
¡۽״ֽڰϣѹ棬ͻȻʵӤ㿴µ滹Ǽ٣ʵǽϹٳȷʵвɹ֮ӡ
ʵ۷һͨתͷл滹Ǽ١
лĵĮ
ٳ׶ˣһ֮
Դӻʵӷչ̫ӷͥ⳯Ұµϣʹһϵ⡣
ǰ֮ܣݳ֮£һ˱ֻ졣
ֻݹٳҲһɾˡ
ݳҪܶε֮ѣɼϵ£Ѿˮ
лػϣ΢ΪӦȷ£Ͼʱˣٴһ֮ˣαҪĻѡ
¡ҲͷһԼȥһڵĻԣǺεȻ
лȴûٴο˵ҲĵֻΪһǰļ仰ôһ״ֽν֤ݣ϶Ա΢ϣ΢ǰϣ١
Ϊ棬һ߾ܣѰʧ䡣鹹΢Ҳ֮ˡ
ǰϣӣ¡Щ졣
лһֱ漰ھ׸ְҲǸƷƹ١
Իʵ۶ԣȫȻں֡
۫үӳûӣҵģȻҪ伲ࡣ
ʵû뵽ǣѲǸһƫĵܵܣξȻ߶ˣ
лǰ΢һҪ״ֽǣ취ʵǰɼһƬ֮ģ֮£޹ءȴд壬ȻȻ̤һǰ;֮·ڸ֮ǰҲԼһ·ϱػᱻֹ
ȴû˿ȴΪݳ֮ģ΢Ҳ뾡Щౡ֮
¡˵ĻóĬ
ֱӤ׻ǳˣǰһҪʱĵ˵ʧǼٵġΪ֮˵Σɼھ׸ȷʵıࡣ
лף˵΢ʥԸĸ֮
д⣬ޱ㣬΢Ѳϡ
лδ⣬˵΢֮¡
״ֽ˵Ϲٹ໤߱żϴֻѲ齭ϵļʷЩ⡣
ҪǴҡڵѲӽϣȻ޹
ϢĻУв̽
ѲϣƷƹٵݱ㲻ˣ㶼Ժݶʷһְ
лף΢δ繦ʤҪһְ
¡ȴЦ֪ԣҪȻҲھ׸ƹһְôꡣݶʷһְΪ˷ڽ£޻һ㣬Σʱ̣ƾ
лϣ΢
¡۳ҲæлŴ˷ǰϣǰѲ飬޷ݶʷ֮£ֻܵؾ򳯳
ʥģ΢ǡ
˿ͷŵԭĵ׻ڸпӾӣ󣬲ͬˡ
ЩҪƷλãֻǵ÷Ѿţ֮
ӵµãھ͸һʵȱԺݶʷʵȨƷԱ
ɵȻ˵֮ŷ֣治Ǹò¡
ӵȥôһְء

ʥ˵ģǽ׽͸
΢ƲƼлΣ˳
ֵŴŵ£λΪҪҪĲ¡
ʱлл֮˳˷ѵ
ڵ⣬¸߹ңԱʹһƬɫ֮С
ʵΪͬ󣬵Ǳһ
Ȼǡ
Ļӱ֮ԭ΢ƽ֮ƣױơ
̫ӺͶڳвţ˭Ҳá
ԻҪһµѡ̫ӺͶӺӵĸݵ΢
һӿеǶ󱦵Ŀԡ
ӣȻƣҲȻơ
Ʊǣӣ漰λ֮
ȻƱǣһȨ˵Ĳ¼ɺġһв֮ģ˵ö֮
¡۲лӵȨƣ෴ȨǼ
ϻʵҪľ⡣
л֪⣬ȴƫҪɽУֻҪӵȨƣ赲֮ķ顣


84 
ͨ, ˿ǰȥ
ϲ޲ҹ׼ǰȵҰĶ೤, Įټ
ÿλؾ, ʹһ롣
Ц, ΪһҰ, ҲŻȥפϡ
ֻϧһĮ뿪벽ֱ˴սܱ
æ̽Ķ˴֪꣬ô, ôҩѣ֮ǰͼɾѣεˣա
ǻѺҪ, ˭֪δΡ
ڶԴϣǲҹΪ, Ҳرչˡ
ǻ׿ʥ, ̽ࡣ
æȻ죬ȴʲôû̽, ̫⡣
æµ, ĲԾ
ô, , Ҫ, ɫգʣô޾ɵġ
ȷʵЩ֣˵üı筰ɡ
ôһֱƴһȥΪҵࡣ
ʯϣû¾ϲͷǹ⡣ֻھķСԺնָнǡ
ͷЦ£˵ֻǲ֪˵Щʲô
кܶ໰˵ɡ
Ȼر߹أÿؾְܻھסһʱ䡣
ô󣬼Ĵ
ռ˵ЩʲôЩȻ
ʣǲǻԹݣ
ֹ筣Ե޷⡣
갢󣬴ȥǵլУһο筣ôװ۵СŮޣǣ˺档
ʵ˭
º֪׺ͽ㣬Ҳ׽
˵ߵˡ
ŽĻȴ֪λӦ
һνʦ㽫Ұ䣬ΪãҲ޷ܵ顣
Խǳ֮󣬲ŻԽĻ
ľ븸ĸ˸׽ˣһ̵ֱ
У˾ӢۣһңԶĲɼˡ
˵Ǹװ㡣
筲ΪѣοЩȥЪϢɣսôˣǲҪڴ
أû¾Ͱڴ˴ǹֵ
һЦֱֻۣ룬ô䵽׸ж󡣡
һ
ã˵Ҫʲô
뵽һ£ץס筵ֱۣ˵֪д壬Ǻô򱧲ƽӡҲƼˣǸô׷ɱǣУһ׷ɱˣֻ¾㡣
ӽ£ϱ֮͢ôԱȻҲ˲
ӦңҪա
һ뵽筲һУȥõŹģȻ²ѡ
θ٣Ψһƽ
ܲǰи
һĻ筣ȴûһڴӦ
ƽǰģʱǰҹշת޷˯
ƽһҪΪЩ޹һʣ䣬𣿼ڳ֮ϣҲ໥ƺ⡣
庣̣ʱᡣ
̶̰˸֣ȴǺε֮ѣһöܵǵŮӣ
筲ǿԼ
ǳ÷һУһȫˣҡ
Ҫ̶֮УԼԽԽ
񰸵ı˸ţѾú棬ֻı
ӾΪŻ֤ݴҪߣ͢ûȥ˰Ҳǣаɡ
룬筱һ꣬ͷ
ͻȻãǵ
ǺɽŮӣֻҲǹɡ
ôһ룬ֱԼͷЦˡ
ٴαڱε£⾩ǵ죬һձһղ
*
ΣǿѺ̷͢ĵط
֮ǰװֻʱǴգȴ붬
ͲĵڲʪϺ
ˣǰ䣬һȥ
϶Ŷһһ̣ζصʵʵֻŮӣͱѡ
ЩѺڼڵ̷֮⣬겻ˡ
ƼŮӣȻ˴ŵӣŪʵϵ
졣
ʲôʵ㡣״γ嵶Уڰγ˲䣬ҫۡ
ǲڣȴһſţտǡ
תͷһЦЦ˵λС£ĵطɲһܽġҲûŮӡλͷһء
˵Щ˱꣬ղżλʱͷֱ
ֻһܽӷ衣
һ֣䶼һ۵ĸо
ڼڣ伸ʮϰߣУҪֱͦģʱ˲ԶĳȴδӰ졣
ͷηϿյΨһС
Ψһܿ
筱ηǰͿŵӣ˫ɴ̲סš
óԿףϵ򿪣󽫲һȦȦ򿪷ţλﾡɣֻаʱʱ䡣
תͷͿѾ
ԾǰƺһĻ
ơ
һ˻Ƶ𣬲Ǽɤǳδ˵ò׿ڣŻֵɤ
ǻ˹ȥ
ץֱۣ£ŴŴ¡
ɳսɱͷˣҲƲסƵãʪۿ
ֻһ̣˻˵ʲôطǸġ
֮أ̡̫
ױŮжصӢۣʱǧ𣬸ߴ䣬ݡͣнϢ
˵ʥּص׼ġ
ﲻʺŮ̽ãպˣȵ̾
ϽԼİ˹˵Ҫ붬ˣսصظ׼ʵ£һЩҩƷǾ飬ֻܷʹá
ЩʳصΪϲҰصú޲ţȺءҲȺȵɡ
Ϊϸ涼׵
ֻʱ̧ͷվһԵŮŷɫ筣˼Σû˵
ڣơ
ŷ֣һֱվſڣûǰҲû˵
ƣ㿴ô˵ʵ
գգ۾ǰͷϴμʱôǱͷɢ˿ɰٵͷ
죬Լһ
ԼЩ޷ڡ
ۼʹ޳
վǰʱȴЩİǰӦɣеļǣʱתȦ
õļ䣬ȫǵļ䡣
ǰȻ¶Ľ֮ǣƺһˡ
ֱͷ䣬ͳһֽ
֮ǰֽãûûٵḧֲֽأֽͷУͬ䱦һ
筴ڿڣֲʲôĶ
һֽ
Ƹҵģô᲻ء
۵ֽƽţ¶һ֡
֣ҿһһ飬ֱ˸ңҵŮΪȥõŹģǵ˾һ
ֽϵľС֣ƺָĦЩģ
ȴܿ
ĪģŮỹסҡ
ҡ
֣մȾʲôȾһƬ


85 
İ, ƺû֮ǰʪ䡣
ֽĵ׵İ;룬ƺΪǱȾּơԭֽ, ԵôҪ
ЩǸ⣺õ, ˭֪Ǹܿࡣ
ҡͷҪǶÿࡣʥزһս, ػס
һս, ˧Ҵս֣̫, ˵ов
˵, ˾ǰˡ
סһ䡣
ȫҶϲ, Ҿһֱ죬ʹоսƻһֱáΪ˧ѵ˹ϵ
֮ǰܣΪ
ζ˵¡
µһֱ, ε֮սĲҳ棬ǷɱʱԼѾŸͬھĴ㡣
Ļӣƴ˳
ʱѾ, Ѫ, Բѡ
, , ǳصʱ, ǲŷ֣ıһ
֧ļ˵͸Ѫ
ǳһ˻
ǵġҡͷġ
˵ô룬Ĵˡʤ˱ҳ£ֻһζһʧܣôܹٴܶ֡˺ųϵ壬ǻһһα֮⡣
ΪνأΪһһػ߾ˣأ˼䡣
û£˵ǱˡǾöԲЩĽʿ͸ôӪˣٴɱȥ
ĿƬ̡
֮ͻȻЦһЦһ筡
Ϊʱ䱻ⰵյΣʧȥɣʼûǵȻŷɣ۵׷·жȼա
ҾӹţҪȰҡ
̽ʱƺգ۾͹ȥˡ
签кöö໰δ븸˵ûԼһõˣһ·ϻ֤ܲݡ
ȥɣ֮Ҳˡڼŵ֡
Ťͷ۽ǵᡣ
һ߿һȻսơ
̤εʱͷһֻۣڱĴϣͷһͷٵͷۡ
ǵؼҡ
á
Ӧʼû̧ͷ
*
һ̽࣬筵һ׮¡
ȥ֮㽫Ҧ˹˵֮ǰԿӣȥɡ
ȻǵĻһֱԶϣ̡
Ҧȥһ˽꣬￪˵һ䡣
ڣոͷ뾩һҦȴڽϼҪأֵꡣ
ȥݣҦЩȡ
˵˵˺ӼΪȥҲʮַ㣬㵽Ǹңȥݣز졣绹ȥɣһˣĴܹˡ
ò˵ҦȷʵǸӡ
֮ǰȥϣ󲿷ֻ˳Ĵֻ
ЩԶ⣬·;ңԶ϶գһֻҵҲΪȻҲǼġ
ֻҪܹƽĻڴʮ֮ۡ
û뵽á
ոĿ֬˺⣬ɳЩһգĻڽϵؾˡ
һǾ׬ʮ
˵ոھ汥ͣҾǽ󲿷ֵĻ⣬ǻڱصϡжȣȡĻڽϳ
оǣһֱӾ˻ϣɱϱ˲١ǰϣڵһ֬͵֬ɱ
Ҧۼ˵ͷͷǵҲı˵ˡ
ֻͻȻʵҪˣ̹֪𣿡
һ졣
ĺĺ
һֱ֪˵¡
Դӻؾ֮е֤ݾͱߣûֻҲ뷨ӣʽ͢
һʰһڽʾ֭ôӤ˵¡
ȥдһš
ǧǲһֽš
˽ż͸л˭֪ŵľȻһš
һ򿪣Щɵۡ
ԭлϸԼҪǰϣڲ
ڼɵʱ⾹û
һƿӣһֵģüδţЩ˼ҹӡ
Ҫȥϡ
Ҫȥϡ
ͬʱڣʳͬһ仰
ЦʵȷҪվ棿
лӴ뷿ڡ
գգ۾Ҵ֪ŲߣҪػֵֻЦ㡣
㻹ûشҵءлȴδĻƫ˼·
£ʵ˵ҪȥԲ̽
ȥǷƽ˵ˣһεŹģҲϧ
лյţѲµ뷨
Ȼһֱ˵½»ڱĹ
ǻŵǰ˵ӱ£㡣
л˵˼ʷѲӽϡ
֪˭ʵ
лҡ
筵ɴ۾Щš
л˵ƽϳʸʥϣֻгƽһ֤ʣ޷Ͷ϶ӣҿ׸ϣ֤¡
Դȥ𣿡ͷ
л˵У᲻ȥ𣿡
筲˵ˡ
ᡣ
Ż͵͵Լȥ
͵͵ǰϣһǰϾݼΣոڽȥݿµӣ˻ỳɡ
筵ɴ۾
лЩ֣ɫ
ֱ筲˼ʵĪҶĻ׳棬ҵ뷨µˡ
лǲ²⵽뷨Ǵ֪ҲҪȥϣԺͷ
ôӦңŹ֮£ٲɷлɫࡣ
Ҳĵͷ
ܿ죬˵ҵڽϡǰȥϣ˳ҵϵľˣ˵Ϳɽ⡣
˫Խ֮УȲ
˽̶Ƕġ
ԭţһȥ֪ʱܻؾǡ
ǰлҲɽ۫үһ굽ͷ档
ʱڣҪٴ뿪ǣͷȴǣңδ뿪ǣͿʼ
µˣһǰϡ
µڵ֪лҲҪȥϡ
ʱ¶һֲ֪ı顣
ţҪִǰϣͽлϳȥ˵͡뿪㣬ܸҪһ᲻Ӱɡ
Ǻˣһǰϡ
ģҶչ˺ð筡лο
һƴͷ
̾һǾͷˡ
ţлһͨˣȫȻƲһԡ
Ե㣬Ҳδ̫˰ɡҿչ˺Լġ
Ʋһۣŭ㶼һȥõŹģܷ㡣
筣
Źģ


86 
ƽ, һƬƣƼʱдС
ˮ쾡ͷƺңɼ, ǡս棬ˮֻʻ, ɾֻڽʻʮ, ۿŽգܵݵؽ硣
ֻͷ˴һλŮɡ
һ°ɫȹ, 䴩ĺʵȴӷףΣϡɼ
, ֻһ䶯˵ã
ʵǴ筻ͷ, ֻȿһߴͦεīɫӰлһ¶
̾һʵЩҲ֪ջܲܵ
ݸĸפأҲΪ֮ء
˷, 筺лĿĵؾ
л̧, һ۽Ͼþòɢİοǵһն, ˵᳿⾡ɢˡ
ͷѾˣл筵Ķͷ̽¡
筱, ʱࡣ
ǰҲ, δŻδ֢֮, ˭֪ڴƮʮգͷһ컹ã༸գκ˺üա
֮ǰֻǳ˴ʱ䲻ŵס
ˮ·ʮգԭΡ
εǣѾͷһǺѼӡ
֢״筻ҪЩŻ£齶²
ѹָչԼл˲赹ˮźһ·
֮ǰĵ˷Ϻȣ񵹺ã·Ͼͳӵİһ·չԼ
ЩǸЩӣˡ
л΢΢ü˵Ҫչ㣬Ӧõġ
죬筣ЩһֱԴƺҲ˲١
żݣһ뾡֪̽һȴҪЩ´
ϵӣ̫ˡ
һٴδɢڼͷڷᴵһǡա
лָ̧һ㿿ϵķ˿
ܿͻᵽˡƺҲĵ׵ķꡣ
Ͼδ£ʵڽܡ
ο筱ϾǸ˭ԸԼϲǰŻ£Ƕѿѽ
ֱƿذԭģһƬĽ棬¶Ŀ
ɢȥǱ緫ԭеĴֻһ·ӿٶȡ
ֻʱ֣ڽͷͣ
˷ӵͨ˴ͷĴֻﲻ
´ʱĻϲȴǱлȥġΪڴסʮգ·оϣһǳһţЩȲʵĲ̤ʵС
ҵĺô´һ˲˳
ֻ˴СС
׼һʮˣǰ˵ӿǳݣСɹʹ
л筣ƺһ߲ãöԷ
Էһƣλ۸ʣͷϲ
ҿôˣģˣϴŶǱӣǸݵظ̡
ͷ˵ˣϲֿž͸ظ̡
Ϊǳֿ϶󷽡
ȻȷʵǸбµģʮǵȫ˳
ӣҪȥδ˹ʵ
лȤĴһ˵ǳݣδŵĵط֪ϺõĿջôס
ӭĵͷߣݱصǾͨ
ȻԷϲлΣСıȥ;ӡݵؽϣһĿջ
Ҵ·ɡл䵭
Է䵭ֻתʱһۡ
Ʋһۿȥɵۡ
֮λһ㱡ɴס۾¡
ɹһ˫˿õֱ۾ͷչ峺˫ɢһƬںͫȾǳǳĽԣ粨ٵˮ
۲ת䣬¶ģƽˮ
ϳˣرؽ磬֮¡
ȴ룬һŮɣǿһ˫ͫˣ˹ȥ
ͻȻһ
ŷԼʧĶһ￴ͣ
СĸСĸæ˵ЩҪ¡
Щϳɣһ·Щƣ롣˵꣬л筵ֱۣ
ΪǸϳˣһ·Ҳδ
˿ջֵܱ߽ʯ㹻С
һʮƺƵ
ҵݣҲΪ
˿ջſڣСͣ£Ͻȥƹ
ûһƹվſڵš
л³ƹֻһ۾ƳǹͣǰλӿҪסꣿ
ʱϵĻ½½³
лʵɻ㹻Ŀշ
ҷģ;ӣĿջúỹСԺôˣԺáƹ˵ͷͷǵ
лףǵĶ࣬ȷʵҪһԺӡ
ƹҪסϼգȽ˺ס꣬ǰֱһӡ
ƹû뵽Ǿ˴󷽣ϲȥСԺ
ջһ¥ãǹסͳԷĵطм仹иСС̨澹иĹ
ãֲң꣬ࡢϸǻ渶
·̲סһЦǺֻϧЩ
л˵һķԣͷѶڴסߣȻö
ǻ˷С
ǿŽ˶ˮϴһ˯ȥ
ʱ˯ڰȵĴ齣ûɵ̾һ
ܲÿ࣬ǴҲ齣˯ʱܾ˶ڻΣˮҡ͸һΡ
񴲲ҡΣ˯Ȼ
ЪϢ˴գ㻺͹
˯ѣɫѾ͸
𰣿һѾͷδֻ˯ء
ƿ𴲣ȴſһ
˯ˣ
û뵽лһֱԼ⣬ɢīã˷š
ӣһֱûЪϢ𣿡ͷʵ
лҲһѣԭȵһīŵ°ɫͷڣ׺壬ѽϵĸҹӡ
ҡͷҲƣ롣
筲Щʣһ·ϣһƺ˿Ӱ졣
ǰ飬С˵ˣǰķѶӸģͷ׿Ӹ
л΢ЩҪҷֵ
ǣǡ
ֱֲֻ˵ڣϾл֮ǰھǣһֱסưܵСԺ
֮ס
ԭҲӣõĵط
ʵŲ졣
Щƶȴ׹֮־ΪһΪա
˭֪׸ĳƹ٣ϰ
һ֣һӡ
ʵһ
ķգžǣϲ̫ƶǮηָأ
Ҫӣô־ͺˡ
Ըġ


87 
лĵײ֪, 筶⣬ȻҲ֪ǰСĻ, ô
筵ķôͷûá
ǰͷģѾͷֻ»˯ءЦԼĳ
лҸᡣ
签ӣͷ
ɻͷɵ㻹˭
δл˼, е˼
ֻúЦ, ͷ֣ࡣ
ŰĵҪһװ, ҹΣ
д⡣
筻طһװǰл֯, Źڳǰ, Ҳ˶׼˼װ
һۣ֯Ϊ𰲻ڣƮ
³, ԭվԺел̧ͷ
ͷҹյԲ£ɢ, ǰĿС, ֻˢһ´ȡ
, ̹ӡЦӯӯк
˳˿ջ, δΪ˵رλݷشԶ
ղʲô죬ɫ󣬽ϵ˲١
رԽٽϣԽӡ
ʱɱǰ֮𺳡
ֻƳϣ̨ͤ¥󣬵ƻͨ¥ſڹ˸ɫԶԶȥһƬͬһĻɫ
ϲһƬڣΪͷ»ԣһһδ
ǻһһɢںǳ
˿Ʈڿе㣬ﳤĺƻһĻһĻҵĽϡ
ҵ̺¡
㣬ջۣ̳ʣͨӵ
˽̨ͤ¥һ½ΪһΪҵġ
رʼ˺Щֻɴ˺ӣֱʻ
筵˴˴һر֮ǾŮӸࡣ
գЩŮӴʵֳչ
үҪȱƣůůӡԶһС¥ǰŮӣվں޵Ļ֮£л֡
ЩŮӣ۹ķ档
ֺϵӣһ֣ϴϣָѾС
˭ӵĴү˭װ
Ӳǵ۾
ɽգЩӵ۾һϡ
лվȺУҲڸǲסķˡ
һ°ƳۣΧƻ£ԣϵճζͦεΣ԰СϷ˵иۡ
һüīϸϸնǱ
µĹӰʱԽ䡣
ƫƫһ䲻ɷƣ̻֮أûȾϼַ
ǼʶļӣҲδʵɾһ޲ȴηϳԨƣ·Ըһ仰ᱡ
ڵһӳ֮һ½򻨴С
粻ϣҪֳס䡣
ԼĪлɫ̫䵭Щ߳ڽ͵ļӣɴ࣬ͺܺ֡
Ҳһ磬ŮǸѰӻЩ
رһֱĴܣһͷһؼĳ
СӣӺһūµȾơһҺŮӣŲС̴ַζ
筽סЦ֪㣬Ҫô¾ƣ
౾һֱǰӣס˽Ų
л
ӣסЦпþûС㿡εɾҽˡ
¥ݵļӣʱͲϣǷ⡣
ԽԽܼ޸ʲôֻ̻ǸңǼõ³
ЩӣǴӷнӿͣɵýӿ֮ͣſˡ
ǰЩ͵Ůӣֻ¾һԱ
̲סʵСӿԸⳢҵľƣ
ĻĶЦʡ
ΪŮվںӰߣһվڶģǻ¥ļӣվںӱߵģǻϵŮӡ
һҡŮָָŵļһ
Щֻд򣬻δпϴ
ƣͷ㣬ǰͷ·ˡ
Ůдϲû뵽Լһ仰λС˴
Χӵļ޵УλͣԼĻ
߽һ֪һֻЩͷװϵĵЩ䣬ΧžµĻƣֻδϴǰֻȼһĻơ
ϴ󣬴ǰǰĵյ
һ顣
ڼΪůͣȼһζϴŮʼϾˮʳһö
ֻһ㼫ڿļͣ¡ţӾϣְ׻һƬĸо
Ȼǻѹ׵Ĺ
ᣬ£ò毺ãסһˡ
һлϣ˶ȴҲδӡ
ЩͷĶͣǰ֮ˡ
ū棬֪ӹգŮ޹ǵĿлࡣ
ֻδͱлһĮ۷ɨԭء
лüᳪ𣿡
Ůͷ
ȥȳӰɡл
ŮûӦѰˣ˭Ҫ֣ռϵˣ᲻ɿ
ߣȾƶҪСڶɹȥ
λίίȡǽŵãʣʲô
ֵȵлʼ䵭
һԵ筣ӹǸ곤ŮӵľƱЦʲô֣
ūҽｫյ˵ǰʵ֪Сӹա
ЦҦ
ԭҦСӣūʧˡյյԼߣȺһڡ
˵ӿǽʿ
㣬ǺöǾʿ⼸ոݡ筲ûڸԼֻ˼١
Ǵݿӵͷ֮δ筵֡
½ı󣬲ŵǾǵĳˡ
ĸйأ֮ǰڵŹ֮Уֵ̫ۣע⡣
ɴҦõ֣ȷʵиµã˭֪ոϰҦ
˭֪ǣʵոϰ塣
Ȩλ
һ߸¾ƣһ˵Сӣ棬Ѱף
ǡ筽סҡ¡
Цһ£
ﺬЦūޱ²Сӵ⡣
筵Ҳӣɴʵ֪ո󣿡
˵¾ƵĶһ٣ǰڲŪҵ棬¡ԴӾոĻ뽭֮󣬺˷ҡ
ŮͰȽϣ˵Щˡ
رڼ֮䣬ҲŸֱȽϡ
õʮһ֬ļӣǲġ
ҲпˣͶãһһУ͸ԼõĹ
筻ոֳֳίҵݣڽϵһӣҲ˭֪һݣ㷢֣ݹȻǷ֮ء
ԭոǹӼҵĲҵʧˡ
筵̧°ͣһδĸСģֵ쾡¡
֪ǰλӣȷʵǾĸ̣ڵոӻȡ
Ｋܵķ筣ƺҲеƮƮɣۿҪҲ
Ƕ棬һһ׵̾꣬λ˰乫ӣʼղͣ
һˣʵӣҪūźԾơ
лĮ̧ͷ³֣
һԵ筣һĨЦ
ȴ룬˽ŵλ£筴ŵƣȻָס
һһָССͷ
ȴ᲻


88 
̸, Դ󣬹Ȼݵؽ˽ࡣ
ݵķֵ˵ͷͷǵ
ݵķ, ȻҲͻݵĹԱ
ֻԲ˵, ᵽ, ֹ
Ц̻Ҫݿ⡣, Ҫ뵱عԱ򽻵, ھʱ˵ҵ, ݹԱӦò̫Ͱɡ
Ȼ, ݵ̼ڶ࣬С赣ġ
΢΢һЦ, ſʼȾơ
һԵлתͷ, һۣ˾䵭, ˶
ӣ뵣ģҵľʮ筶Ʊ, 
лգգ۾
ֵط, ܲȾء
ʵںȾǰ, ѾһѾ, ˼, Ҳ޲ס
Цʵȥͷһصϣյݡ
ū, ɽˮĹ, δȥֻ˵ػ, ǱҪĵط
ǲ֪, δʺϿأ°ͣ̾
΢΢ȵСӣŲ˵Ҫ
ŶһҸ˵ⲢһݣϾҲǽϷҵЩǰڿ죬ܾںδ
Ҳס
һЦô㲻˵ݵŵ㣬ý
СΪСŮӶ࣬Сӵ⣬ϸ
ֺͻȻҾЩȣȥ͸͸
ȥ
лڲŪõ棬Ҫվȴлɨһۣ˵ͣ
棺
λǼû
ȻȲӡ
Ƕͷˬһһ㣬еĻŭš
ͽǾεεСѾͷƬӣǰϴĿˣ۾ֻ档
û뵽ܵ濴Ա
ʵʹ졣
վڴͷҹɫīŨɢһһҵСι
͸ֽԡ
ӣ𣿡Χʡ

һƬ״ֽľɫƺȻ෴ûѹȣṵ̂ûҪȵİգƺҲû˴ˮ֮С
ЦⰻȻôú𣿡
ѽл־ҪıǼ⡣
ȴһ㣬ۺЦ⣬ŨۣĵΪ֪ӣ϶࿴Ůһۡ
´βлΡ
йңϻȻƵġ
ǸŮһһ㣬ǣ̬죬һڷ³ϻ˵Сģ
лη֣ŮιԾƣв졣
޲ýŮϵԶԶ筡
ǧͷȴֿͻȻֱ󣬴սѹʵӣѵڳԴף
лѹ۽ޣ
ǰŮһۣī˿βźϵҹ磬Ƿɣī衣
š
һ͵ƮС
ԭЦ⣬ͻȻס̧ͷлգգ۾
ǸŮѽȾƣΪΪĿİͰ͡
֮ԻĻΪԷƫ󣬲Ǹճļӣݳǵ϶ҪЩ˽Ķࡣ
лͷ֪
һ֪Ҳĵģ
ô죬ôŮӵĴ׶Ҫԡ
ҪǾ´ٴοڡ
ӲģֻԼҼӴ̽һЩݵϢ
лȴȻѾˣαż´
筣
ģǱȺ׻
»شգụֽ̄λҪȺȵůůӡ
лƱʵҲ˵ˣݱصķǲ֪Ҫİȣ·
Ʊ֣΢΢һ١
Ȼλ곤ЩĹӣһƾǾģȻλСҪ
һЦ⻰ΪˣūֻǸ糾Ůӣ֪Щء
Цӯӯ治֪ǲԸ˵Ҳ֪ǿǳէزģ̤һָ·
ȻСӷҪʣҾ˵˵һվɿڡ
֪Ϊһ㣬ģԵԭ
Ҫ˵ݳڣȷʵУڹٸǰ˵ϻģҪүū˵ؽһֵ棬ɶԼҡ
ү֪λүʲôͷлʵ
ҡͷūҲ֪ʵλүҲûã˶Ҫֱ档˵ܶЩϵ
ܶѦ١
筺лĵ׶û̫⣬ݱϾܶ¡
ݳ£λܶ˲֪ĻֻǸɵӣǸӡϹӡ
ϧ⽮λõˣ˭ûй˵ֶء
ѵˣǲǶλү·Ц
ٴҡͷģˡ
ˡ
´ҹһ·ϵȷʵ˺ܶ࣬С¥˿֮಻Цϡ
筺˲٣ȴء
˴ЩСӣ治ڴϹҹ
筻ͷһۣβһĪģҽ㡣
վڰߣǽȥıӰ
˭֪ûһи˹
ȥһ˼仭ԼģҪõĶԲǷƷ
үսս
˿ڻһӣ§һòŮӣֻŮϵѲν٣رֻһ㱡ɴ
ĴŮһȣֱǱء
ȴ֪˭ⲻǽ³Ļ
λһ䲻ɷģû뵽үǰҲҪɫˡ
˵ĵϸи͸¶үͷ
ūֻźλӳԾƣλ곤ЩĹʲôͷû˵λСȴ͸¶ݣǾոҦҵˡ˵Ƿǰϣոڽϵĵһӡ
ո󣿡үֻЩ졣
ſŮӣЦһ˵үˣǰȥʱص˸˼п֬Щ֬ոġ
ˣ˵Ǹһп֬ʮӣ
ŮЦ۲ģ˵ͷ
ģ⾹̻ҪǮԵģųеȴҲ̲סۺ졣
Ůӵж׬ۼ
ʲô
¡
Щ˼ңһȵԭСѾͷӣתͷǧӡ
ô˵ģүԼĺ롣
ʵСҲ˵ˣݣҪȥһ˵׼һӣڽҲδ֪
껰㱻˻ȥ
ү˼˵Ļ𣿡
ĻЦ˵֪ʱЩʹˣơôеƭүءǻǻбĹأṫӺȾʱ϶ҲѰ˱ĹţٰĹйʻ
ȥûãѻصջлȵ˳ͻ
һȥϹȻû뿪Ǹү˽ȥˡ
Եģƿؾô
յݵؽ磬ǺȸƵĹ򣬾ѱ˶ϡ
ɼԵģֵµİ̽ߣѾ鲼ݡ


89 
лǰ, һˡ
һǻɸˣݣһǳʹİ, ֡
͵ǰݣ絽ʮ, ѾǱݡ
Ȼڶ, δж, αװصСˡʦ, ɢݡ
Щ, ݵĲ¥̡ǮׯĳֵطǱ
Ϊǵ·ģûע⡣
´˿ջ, ͱ㰴ź, ˿ջ
Ϣʱ, лͽЩӵϢ, ȫһ顣
ȷʵ˵, λү
˱ҳ, ݹԱݵʵ, ݶҵ, ĳԺ, л
ݸΪ
лȴ, һåܹܵ˰պ֮¡
֮¾򵥡
елָѹϵֽĿǰǱһͻϢ
̽ʱµ, Ͱݵˡ
ԭΪҦɽ, û뵽η;
Щ˵ĿΪҦɽ, ֮ǰδעݹٳ
лݣţϵǣǾܶռϢ
û뵽ռõϢ
ҳǿиϢлʵ
˵ǴȷʵܶѦЩϵ˵ѦٵҡѦٵϢѣֻһŮǰҳýѦû뵽ȻѦ˸ӡѦٵĺԺΪó裬ҳҲŷҡ
ԭҳǸͷС죬֮ѦٵƣվȽŸҽٸ̲ͣ˵Ĳҵ
лĮԴ˼пܣֻѦٵӡ
ѦΪܶȻܹƣҪȻԺЩʷҲܷŹ
ҳ壬ƹݵľ޴Ƹ
ֻ̰īӣǼӶꡣ
а취ӽҳлָû
͵˵̻ݣҪҳͷ
ǱȸҪȰͷлĮֱеżʵЩʲô
˵ѱֵݽĸׯӣݹٸ°˻Լֵء
лԣͷֵأȷʵǰһӡ
ô˵ݹԱҲûȫϾɱǰ׵
Ҹʱ䣬Ҫȥ̽Щׯӡ
£ֻȥá
ΪΣ
ǰǵҲȥ̽һׯ˭֪յЩ񿴼֮ǾˣЩǵץס
лסȵΪΣ
Ҳ֪Ϊ£ûҵӽׯӵķӡ
лû뵽ݲڴ͸ŹŹ֣Щͬ˹Ƶá
ϵǾȽӽҳϿʼ֡
ǡӦ
лˣڶվݳڹ
˵ǽˣݵķشҪۼΪʵ
˼ȻҪȻȿľǸӡ
ǵһʱ䣬һеľͣר
λˣҪʲôоʵ
ЦŮӵ⣬֬ˮۣһҪõҪŶؽĽֵϣǾˡ⡣
оһϸǵĴŴ磬ȷʵǸˡ
̬ȲɸӹੲݵС治ˡؽֵӣǿǧҪȻеġЩӶģСҲȥͷˡ
ô㻹ĵ
оһֺõСʵǸ߿СģоҲǸȵġ
筵ͷаɣȥӣǿ͵;ȥǾС
뿪֮󣬲δؿջ
ֱӾȥؽֹ˹䡣
ȻѾܵݵķϾԣЩ¥ݡ
϶ͨգֵߵ¥
Թ˿ҵֵϳ˾¥֮⣬˿ࡣ
ֱл筽һҹС
ҵէһ壬ҲȿˣϰŵĶҲֻѰ
СûУֻһЩ͵ƹվڹ̨档
λˣҪЩʲôƹƤһ̧ʵ
̲סЦˣѹⲻã̬ȣǰѿơ
лûЦƹģϣӵ漣
筣
Ӻˣʢƻʥ
漣ֻ»ʹﶼûɡ
ô۵СӣȻУ
ƹ̧ͷһл¶Ц⣬׵λӹ۹⣬Сһӡ˫ͼ
תӼóһӡ
Щ𾪣ӵĻڼϣ
ƹӺóһ
˵黭û̫裬ȴҲһƷϾҦɽϲľӵĻ
筿һۣƳƷ
ҲֿԼƷǼʵƷ
ƹһָһǧӣۡ
лӹͷۣ筲²϶ܿƷҲû졣
˭֪һл˵ãҪˡ
ӡ̲ס
лᰴļ򣺡û£аš
ƹ񷴶ֲ֣ƳһۣλСӣҿ㻹ǸλӶѧѧ˵ĵ೤ɫ·ߵĿ
筱ֻЩãƹ
筺ٺЦȭͷƹ棬ͷһȭ
㣬㡭ƹû뵽ôݰ׵СӣƢ˱ꡣ
ŭȻҴң֪ʲôˣ
筺ǺһЦҲȰ㣬ôͣѧѧ˵ĵʱ˵˻·խˡ
򻭵ģûжƹ㲻ġ
ҧѽҷҪ֪֪ݳ˭˵㡣
˵꣬лͻȻǰסĲӣֻǸģ˵ײǸˡİֻүһǧӵķϣҲΪǡ
筺ƹͬʱһ
Ż筳ɫ̫ÿ
ôˣлŤͷ
һ⻭ҪǸү
л͵ΰãʥϸһЩ뿪֮ǰѾݡӾǴ̽ϢؿݣԵͶ
һǧһٻͶ湻ġ
ͻȻǷҴǸƹһȭҪ£
ģçײЩǸӷġ
ЦҪٰһçײ嶯Сӣé®ƭ
筣Ȼлͷ
筽ˢһ´򿪣¶һ˫۾Ϊǰ˵ҲΪҪ顣
ҵĴ糿ļδü˵
лҲû뵽筻ֽѵǸƹ
*
ȻڶգǸоһˡ
筺лһ·ϵһ¥
˸յſڣݺݺЦϡ
һ磬˻޶ȣԵ浱Լݵʵˡ
ڣŷְڵĳҲá
ֻһ˻ãһи٣ٯﳪŲСԱߵӣһ޹ǵĹÿӣιԶ
үūιģòóԡŮӽεε
ҳ̧֣ϸֱ۾óԣóԡ
лŴˣϴŻȻԭ¾ݵү
¶һԾȻû뵽һ㣬ҲǼķé®ݡ
ҳ˵ı飬۵ףЦλǳ̹Ӱɣţݸλӡ
ҵȶˣǳݶѡл
ҳȴ˿⣬֪Լͨ顣
˵ǶһͽĶСסˡ
ҵлЦ
ҳһԵŬŬ죬վţ°ɡ
ºл˳ƽոµĻݸҳ˵ҳݣȻҲ̽һѰӵ漣֪үɻϲ
ҳߵŮӣлнӹ̲סƳһۡ
ѹϣĶ
λ̹ӵĿģǲҪӣҲ֪жԸء
ҳ򿪻ײһۣбǡ
ġ
֪̹ݣҪʲô⣿ҳʵ
лЦү
ҳ۾˹ЦһθڵǲС
Ҫ׬ǮȻдθڡл
ҳƳһۣʲô
ӡ
ҳĻŰɣֱл˵Ȫϡ
ҳ̲סֱ壬ųӤһȣû뵽̹ӾǽȪϡ
Ȫ̼ңǴ촬塣
ų̼ʦү촬ȤܳĴ󴬡
˵˳͢Ĺ֮⣬Ȫ̼ͼֽܳĴ󴬡
һЩ̴̼йϵ
ֻǳ̼̫͵һֱơ
ҳȻҲ˵˵ݣֻʱ̫̣δϢ
̹Ӽǳ̼ˣֺα·⡣ҳɵ
лҡͷ˵ү֪ӵܣǲԼЩ£Ժڼǲ˵ʲôġ
һ⻰ҳȴͬĵͷԼûб£Ρ
ôһ־õ⣬Լ΢ȴЩĹӸƽƽЩҪԼͿڷԡ
ȻҾ
תͷ筣ֵ֪λСӣ
ҦġֱԲ
ҳƣз硣
ֻСӵƤδҲ̫ЩۻɿڣҲָ֪ǲǱСﻹҪá
筲֪ĵ׵˼
лȴΪҳֱ۾üͷ
ҳҲɫ죬ܿջĿ⣬Ц˵ҦѵǾոң
ԭүҲŹոš
ҳЦһֹ
ǻ˲֪ԩǮ
ҳȷʵ̸
ֱ뿪ڻؿջ·ϣЩס
ǰͷô£̧ͷȥ
Ϊǰ汻·ǹȥ
ԭߵݸøֻһ˵ǾѲ˵ˣ˷·Ѳ˳ײء
ѲݵѲ
筲ĳлһۡ
ֱתͷòԶ˸ǰ
ͣ£ſվŲٹԱΪ׵λˣǰӭӡ
ţﲽһżʷٷӡ
ֻͦɣֻƼգǽһࡣ
´ǰ
û뵽ӾݵѲˣȻ´ǰ
һ·˿ջСԺʵӣΪһλѲ
ǰݣǻ˹ѲݣµĿⶼᱻʷ
筴󾪣´Σգ
лĪС
ãʡܹλ´ˣ


90 
֮Իѿڶ, ´ǰİΣҲΪ֮ǰ´ǰڸ׵İУ̫ࡣ
֪˰漰ӣһҪҷ, ׷幫
ǰ´˰, İ, ϳʱκת㷽˵ݹٳ¶ᱻ, ҲŻЩġ
Ļشл̲סỬ, ȴеЦ
ǾԸЦ
࣬Ҳ֪´ǰԭ, ȴ
Ϊ´ǰʼ̹䣬ϱ̫ܡ
񻹶ʵݡ
λؾ, , ܸҪ̹ס
лº͵ʵ̫ͻأ, λ´ȷʵжȻ, ǲʾ, Ժؾ, ǿרлл
СʵǿСЩһĲʲôЩԱĻɥĲ񵽶֡
İ, ѲʷǾģЩݹԱ췴, 򲻻ֵġ
΢̾һЩЩ治, Ѳʷ𣿡
֮ǰҲмʷ, ݵķȴһ㶼ûС
ɼһģʬλزͣ˺εȵز
ֻලʷѾͨ
ģ´˲δһѲطҪһȥ
л£˵㲻ð£·ҦУ棬б¶ʵݵķա
˵ͷ
죬ǲӿҪסլӣһ
Ͼǿĸ̣Ǯһֱסڿջ
סڿջ˶ӣʵҲ㡣
лȥլӣЩԾ
տլӣоͰš
˼ǽǰ԰ӣݵǼ󣬵ȻλҲõ԰ӳ¾ɣǰ˽ʱѾһ£԰ɽˮ羰¡
о͵һ죬ѽطϵ¡
筺лΪȻ˽Ǹ
סݣҵլҲϰĴլӡ
лֻµĸС
˵԰Ƕȱ԰һر̲ԭ԰ͬ԰ƣһˮ԰⡣
ں԰ڱɽʯΪ̫ʯɵļɽ
Ա߱һͤˮϣΪͤ
ͤˮɽ֮ҲˮأɽˮԸӶ۵ĳӡ
԰оɫΪ˳µǣĩս٣԰ɳֳдеĳʢ֮Ȼǰ԰ֻϸģֲЩľܹͥ԰ֳʢ֮
ͥԺҲϣԼļҲ㳤ʢ˥
筲ʵ԰֣ǰΪҪ֣
լӣסУֻҲɡ
оһ˿Σ˵ǰΪҪ뿪ݣؾסҪ԰ӡ
ݴ˵ˣҵ˾֮أΪλͻȻ뿪
Щ⡣
лҪЦ筼ǴϻۣżƺҲðһ˿ɵ
ѰûѴ׳լӡ
ĸܼӣܻڻҵôõ԰Ӷסˡ
оƺʵЩмܲסεΪǰϳЩ⣬Ž԰ӳ֡
签԰ӵķˮǲáݣΪ㾹Ƽ԰Ӹǡ
ۿЩŭо͸ϽͣСϢŭϢŭ԰ż֣ѽ԰ۼۣ۸ϼΪ
һ֣ںˡ
оͣСĲ˼ϲСĻٸ˼һ¼۸񡣡
лףǰһֱ԰˵Ǵɱ۵⡣
лᵯ¡
Сʣӣ԰Ӽ۸ֻ²ˣҪ
ҳǮ
ֻ仰δ˵꣬ͱлЦЦϡ
筺ѵã͢ӣ
ǴҶá
Ǻ֮أҵݼȻǽȪ̼ҵˣȻ̫ᡣл᣺ԲҪģаš
һֻôͷ
Ȼ֪л֮ôʮ㣬Ϊ֮ǰŷȪӣѱתˡ
֮Լٰ罭Ȫ̼ңҲʱ뵽
Ϊȷʵ̼˽µ
̼µһ̴֧Ӵɡ
ȻȪ̼ҵƴڴ̼Ҳδļ̳ˣ˼ҵҲ䡣
Ӻ԰ӵĽɣҳǹȥһˡ
ϯл̬ȣν硣
ȥ̽лݵİ̽ȷݵʵԡ
л֮ǰͰźһУϾ޷죬Ȼҳİ顣
олչʾԼĲ
գĸ׵ٳλӲٺᡣҳʢ롣
лȻͬ⡣
ϯͻȻи˽˵䣬ҳͲµҿλˣǵСͱ˵ӡ
ڨڨЦҳͷ࿴ӻߡ
ԼСµģʵүô˭֪ˣ
ҳҡͷ⼸˸Ѳʷ̶֥С٣ȴǵĸŵãǰ󡣱Ÿ˭֪Ѳʷȥׯӡ
ѲʷͷȴƷԱ
ҳԼĿɽܶƷĳдԱϵؽϵʵۡ
żѲʷȴں
Ѳʷîͻ뿪ݡ
лȴ˵ѲʷƷϵֱͣʥϵȨдܣԷ൯Ļֻ˶ЩԲүܶ˵ɽȻȥֺöԷ
ҳлһЦ治Ǵӵܣ˵ĻǸһģһ
պݣеǻᣬݷøˡ
ҳϲл֪֪ȤָЩӵܴ򽻵
˵£жȣ֪ʶȤ
лоƱǰˣ״ЦȴĮ
ǸС
ҪͨԷӽݸżܶѦ١
*
뿪¥ϣ˵Ҳȥ̽һׯ
֮ǰҵİ̽ȥׯϵĿƺϸ񣬱ѰıƶȻҪϸ˵Ҫ˭͸¶ׯϵϢׯӶ
Щ飬֮ǰл˵
ܾԼӦȥ鿴һ
˵ǰ԰ӵʱҾǸоͣݽȪɽׯ˵һׯӣׯʮֽҴȪׯӵĽڣͽ̽á
лԣ⵹һ취
Ȼǿׯӣһͬǰ
ҡͷҳգμ̼־ۻᡣҿԳûǣݳŹ֣Ҿǲֿжܾ̽ЩŹ֡
лҪ˵˵Աݱ¶Ҳһа취
л֪ǴҪ˱ǁ˿෴ӭС
ۿ۳֦Ҷï
ڶգ筴оһȥ⡣
筵ں󷽣ֻȪׯӣͻȻƢͣ£ͣ¡
ׯӾȻԶá
о֪λСӿǴˣ⼸죬ͨӺ԰ӡ
˿ݳֻд˵ȪȷʵЩԶ˴ȪׯȪ⸽һڡ
ˣˡɢһ߻˵ӡ
оҲȰ˵ҪλлڻãֻλСӡ
ǲߣڴϢһϢˣٹȥΣоֻ˵
Ŀľڴˡ
³󣬾ͼоҪԼŤͷŭ㻹Ͻȥׯϣ˸׼ʳһ磬͸ׯӡҸ˵Զ
оͱôһǣǣС֪
׿ǰɽׯ׼ӭ
˴ˣ˼ݳǰɽׯ
գҰѾһƬǵ˸δׯ
筻һͨӣֻ³
ɽׯׯӵ·ϾȻһ¶С弡
˵زͨ˴ĽͨҪסֶûʲôǮһֱ̯Ǵ˵
ֻǸڡ
ˣͼׯӵİˣ϶ᱻ̲顣
ûóȻ룬嶯±֡
ı󶯡
е˰ʱСϳһССӰֱǸӰֻһ˻Ҫߵı¨
ֻ¨Ҳãҡҡ׹ĸо
ϣۿӣ֦Լı¨
ϵĶ죬𱱷͸һ˹ͷʪ䡣Ѱ˴źʵ£޲ö
ǰС꣬·Ŀ£¶ϸ
һǳڳԲݵ塣
筿ƶû˸棬һԾ¡
С꿴ͻȻֵˣŵʧǰһס촽˵ϡ
һĴһȦһָ߽ԼĴ˸Ķ
Сһҳ
С£ģǻ𣿡
¿ѹͣȪʯö
˿СҲģһ˫ī͸ųγɾݰ׵ĳ࣬Եø޺
ȻԷ岻ٲֻһֱ
£ʵҪ𣿡
ӻͳǣȫɫֽţСȻûֻǺ涢š
ҪǲҽУҾɿ㣬ǡ
С˵ͷ
Լɿǵ˹ȥ
СƼһţһڸܵһ̣̻ʵĽǽ飬ȥ
û˳ǣôǱ
㣬㣬ء
СڳڶʱȻˣ筺㲻Ҫ𣿡
ȥóԣûԹôĶС˵
筺ʣˣ
ʮˡСʵ˵
ʮ־ȣΪǰĺӸӰСƼݣֻͦ߰ģ
סׯӣʵ
Сͷ
£С˵ʵشҼ⣬Ҳǣһܸӡ
ʱСԭ۾ȼĹ⣬۰Ͱ筣ƺϣղͳһͳӡ
Խ˳
óֻСӴδġ
ĿİͰ͵ʵүΪʲô
Ǹĺӡ
ĵװһ䣬֪ûϵڱĺ¶
筼ţСο˵£ֻ㼸⡣
ȸ㣬ʵÿ⣬㶼Ҫʵش𡣡
ССսӣ˫Ŀڣǻʲô䱦
ʵǴû˲ˣ
֮ǰƽ״ֽ˵в׳ʧ٣ɵ㣬Щ˾ʧ٣ǱΪʧ١
Сɴ۾صͷ
ҰͲˣʯͷСӰСԽ˵Խ
筸Ͻϵܶ˵İˣ
С˵Դסº󣬰Ҳû˵ֻ£ܿͻˡ
ʧжãʡ
С£˵Ǽ緢˴ˮʹǣŴˣһݡ֮үǰסĵطͲˡ
£ʵ֪㰢ȥˣ
Сҡҡͷ
㰢ǰʲôģ
С˵ˣֵأ㣬Ὺ󡣡
Ժиߣһ̱ȼ

ɽ
ףΪλô׳ʧ
ΪҪ׳ӡ


91 
Сһ, ҪˣҸӣǧܱ˿Ϊкܶ໵, ǿӾͻҪߡһҪغ, 򲻵ѵʱǧǧáҪȻᱻߡ
СӲ£¶˲, ˶ϡ
ϵ, ˳
ݹȥʱСȴûӹȥ, С˵ү, ҵѾܶˡ
筱Цˣ, ʣΪʲôҪ
˵Ҫ֪㣬ҪԼĶСС, ΢ŵʱ, ͸һɼ㡣
筳Ĭһ˲С֣, ӵеĶ
С²סӡ
һ, һҪӦҡ
ү˵һС۰Ͱ
筣֮, ĪҪ͸¶ˡЩ⣬ҲһһҪ߱ˡ
Сͷүģһ˵
˵꣬סԼ, ʾһᱣܡ
Ҿˡ筰֡
ת߳ȥ, С꺰һү, ҽС㣬зҵҰ𣿡
ûתΪ¿Сڴ
ãźӣ˵һŬѰһġ
ƽ״ֽϵѪ֣֮һ̣˻
ˮ뿪ǣΪůĽϣĿеãȴ֪ȴһ
筲ϣҹֽԣһһϵ
ȴ֪ЩգںεȵԨ
ػٰĳƼһ
ȥȪׯϳ󣬷Ը
һ·˲ϵʱ䣬øϽȥˡ
Ȫׯӣ׿оͶׯţһõ³
˴ͲΪׯӣοլӣȻޣﲻãﲻף֮ܶׯһǴ
оһźš
筱ֱӻȥԼԶܹȪûһ۾ͻȥ˵Ļɡ
ɴӣȥһׯϵȪء
˭֪һȥͷȪˮЩһ
ˮô£üָųˮ
оͶһӴˮôЩ졣
ԭоΪжһȦδ֡
Щεˮӵص͸ǺɫġСϢŭСİ²һѡһϺõȪׯӡ
оһһĵװȪׯӵ˺
ѹǰҪ˴ԭȪˮȻǺġ
Ťͷߡ
о׷ں棬һ׷һ
ֻͷȴ飬˵ȪΪλͻȻ졣
һʱҲû뵽ֻȻسڣҵӣ¡
ȪɽׯĺɽԣׯӵռƬɽԱ߻һӡ
Ϻӵ࣬˺ӲŻͨ˴
ֻߵһʱͻȻͣ£׿ʵүôˣ
û£ȴȥɣҷȪԱЩȣҪ硣˸ڡ
׿ĽڣȽоʹ򷢡
筵ߺͻȻӻͳһذףһֱŷ
ֳذףһ߽ԶģضǻĲݣΪ˴ĲӣĿǳɫһƬ
OO@@
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һӰͻȻӻĲԾ𣬾ֱ筶
ֻȿ˶ԷϽջذף»жԷ
ǰȫʪ͸ˣȴһͬھĺһͷ˵ڻĲݵأ˫漴Ĳϡ
㡭
´ǰ԰һžڿǰ˵ʱ򣬾Ȼ
ڵϣ̧ͷͷˣ˵´ˣҡ
ʱ´ǰžʧ
Ϊϣ˫ֻסĲ
´ǰǸ
æֻһһƺߡ
ŷֱϣƣմѪ
ͷȥֻһɼǵļˣʱ˿ˮƤⷺİףżΪɲ
´ˣôڴ˴̲סʵ
´ǰЦһұҪǱׯȴ뱻˷֣ҵΪ׷ҵֱۻǱС֮£ֻװУúӵܡ
֮ǰȥӲׯӵģ筲졣
˵ЩգʱһݹԱڳƵÿѺʵɫ󣬿ÿ˶ĸ⸻㡣
筶Ϊʲô
̲ĸݹԱֻûɡ
Щõİգ΢ƾЩƼЩֻ´ǰҲ˻ɡ
ƫƫݹԱΪ˴صذ˼ٰ
С˵˵ز˾ҪʱΡ
´ǰһԽ԰ףȻѪࡣ
ôڴ˵أ´ǰ˵
˳ʱǱűľģɵʱ·ͣ¡
Զھǵˣڲ䣬Ժеˡ
ͻȻǰβûʡ
ҪǣƵһβԼ⡣
ԭĻͷϲ
筵˵ҦýҦӡ
Ҧӡ´ǰһ
筷Ա£С˵ڰҵҹѣù㻻ϡȻҵһسǡ
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ҵ׿һ£ͻ
С׿
úúԭ·أҵ׿
׿£ҲǴһܿ˵ȥоͣСס
ǸϽǸо˵
׿л˳
筵Ůӵ´ǰ϶ǴˣԸղ签Ͷӵø´ˡ
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ż鷿ŵҳһĲͷ
Ұ˽ͣˣ֪һǶٵͣˣֵµЩֵܣǿǲԸġҳһͷ
żν˵֣ҪΪ㡣Ҳ֪ѲʷյݡЩǿ϶찵ãץסѱЩ˿ֱʥϵȨ
ҳһۣŴˣ⵨δҲ̫СЩݳ£ǵˡ˵ЩѲʷܲʲô˭Ǹܣ
ô˵ȥ׷ɱǼˣмһֱû
żҳλĻɲһʮǿƾٳʿӡ
κҳֻͷģֻԼøܶ˸ӡ
񶼸ǰС
ҳֱӣŭ˵̫ĴЩҪ״ǾֱɱǵļˡɱӺЩ˶ĵ֪Ǳǵ³
ŪŭԹʱ򷴶ἤĲ
żͬҡͷ
˶֪żǳ
ҪȻҲһνүݵʵۡ
ܶڣ㻹һССѲʷҼʲôˣǵ˾ǣЩ֪״ںδ
żЦ֣˻˵֮еŹģֻҪû˹ģϴǰӳƽŮΪ丸õŹģ̣κݵĹˣ
ԹԣһСӾ
ҳԳõϢȻȲżĹԱ
ͷһ˵¡
żڽǵϵκģݵλ´ˡ֣ΣĪҪӴˡ
ҳϵӡ
ŴˣôڲŸ˵ЩЩջ
ȻѦٵɽʷүҵβ֪ء
ż˵֣µͱٸҼƽЩˡҪǣǵӦλѲʷ
½ҾͺˡҳһЦ
ȨơǮơɫ
һǰõġ
ż⼸´ǰҲҳ֣˸㶨Ȼĵ׿ҳèèйĵıĵ
˵Ը´ǰЧ


92 
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׿Ĺ, 
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´, ûвҩ, Щ, ھʹسǡ筼ǿʹģСο
´ǰ˫, ճĬ, ˿͸ŲĴ
޷, Ұס
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Сʣ´ˣǰ, ǲΪ֮£
´ǰͻȻ۾, ۾ϵʱ׸һ˿ȣ̲סʵô֪£
ݣʥر𽻴
ȥ꽭ˮ֮󣬺ܶ, ʱݹԱѸٰ, ʹó£ڳޡ
ǰʱ, ʥȴͻȻ빬
ʷְ΢, ڳȴ˭ܺӵĴڡ
ϵõ, ݹԱ̰, ڰһ£ʥϣԻǰݣݵ١
´ǰݣ֪żιס֮ء
ŷ֣ʥյϢ١
´ǰô֪֮£
Ц˺ͿˣȪׯӣ˵֮ǰǱׯӣⱻ˷֮󣬲˵ġ
´ǰ۾ʱżѹȡ
˵
ûЦſ
أΪݣ´ǰתߡ
װӷ٣ǰһ·δʩɴݰ׵Ĺ֣խĳڣľ£͸һѹסľޡ
֪Ů´ǰֻ¾ԼǷˡ
һӴˣԾ
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֮ǰӦӣȥ´ǰй¶ǵ١
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˵Ķԣ´ǰݣЩԱҪ췴򲻿ܶ֡
෴ǰݣֻǸӵܡ
һܻܿɱ
Ҳ´ǰݾȫȻûз
Ͼվ˳ƽƽ״ֽʽ˻ϡ
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һ
оׯ⣬ǸС͸¶Ϣ
˼ȥҪ´ǰ
Ȼ´ǰ˷һ·ǵĿһµģǲݳŵ࣬ҵЩʧٵ׳
оǣׯˣңׯܶ׳ʧ١ϼʱϸɹĿ󹤡
ѹȴ
´ǰԽ˼Щңȴ
󡢿󹤣⼸ʱ˫¶ŵľ㵡
筵գ˫ˮĺ͸ŸɾγĹԣ´ǰĵ׿϶ûƭԼûпʵ
´ǰû׷ϸҲƳˣݣֻô򵥡
Ը˵Ͳʺˡ
ͱ˵ӡ
´ǰһѵõĺ¹شܸңհл
գգ۾ԭ˵ı֣հ
´ǰ˫һŹƻĵײ˵˽ĲҪԼıֻ֡ҪллЩ֪лл
*
һ·صڣ˳
´ǰסڳܣרдѲʷĵطֻǰĹԱܶ඼ݹԱⰲŵס
ֻ´ǰȥεأǹ¹졣
طԱ룬ƾơ
˷´ǰѲߴŽˣһվͽصˣȫ˽
ż󱾾͵СĻʲô顣
ǽձϢҲ´ǰдʡ
һ·ǰׯӣû뵽;ǳ⣬ǿӳҲ֪Ρ
һվԼСͩ
ͩһƳɫԾʵˣôˣ
һͬŵˣ´ǰʵ
ͩҡͷ֮⣬ûû˻ء
´ǰüͷ
´ˣȴһưɣ˿ڱǣմˮҲλδĽȴȰ
ͩҩù´ǰ˿ڰá
׼ҩóȥʱ洫һ
´˿ڣ¹֪żҪʷˡ
筴һվһۡ
ãҳȻҲˡü
תͷŷеɴҩЩ̫ԣֻǿ
ȴҲ
վĳ豾ͼ򵥣ֻһ۵Ĺܲˡ
ɶԷǿд뷿УѲ䡣
ʱҳҲڴ˵أ϶Ļɡ
筴ȥ
ͻȻһĽŶ룬´ˣǰ󶼱˰Χ֪бġ
ֻɽׯй¶˺ۼöԷ˻ɡ
´ǰ侲˵
ͩ˵ˣ赲Ͻ뿪˵ذɡ
ھʱͩλ
Уˣֻ¸û´ǰǣ
筷ԭȡĴ㣬϶ǲС
һ¶ͷǰΧŵˣ׷š
ݣżҳĵ̣Ҫһˣ׾ٵ顣
ͻȻԺһͷ
ǰ´ǰ˵ԼĴ㡣
´ǰ꣬Ŀɿڴ֮࣬ԵɣӰĹ
筲Դ˽ǵ֮ҵĹֽͬĴӰ㣬һơҲһˡ
̧𳤶Բ۾´ǰǸ´ˣˡ
һ죬ϰŵĶˤ
в֪ʱһذףֻ䣬ԼĲͻһ
Ѫ졣
ųҲڴʱɫа˳ĳɢڼϡ
ҲҪļٺģߡ
һͬʱҲ˽
һ˽סˡ
ʲô
֪ż´ǰ筿һۣŷװɢųλǸѵõˡ
˵λ´˹Ůɫ
ô˸Ůˡ
վԱߵҳҲһֻۣǾλɢųĹôԽԽ죬ֱһ㣬㲻ǸҦСӡ
ɵĿ筡
ɫδʩģʵǾޡ
ɴ˿Ҳ̲סɣӾҦСӣΪʲôŮˣһѲʷһ
ôʶ
ҳԽԽԾԽĮ
֮ԻվΪɽׯ˵ǽǿׯӣǷ֡
Էֻ֮ܡ
ʱżһòԾ
ż󵱼˵ֻ¸λݵѲʷѲ˹ϵ
˵˱ǱƵУ֪
żǰվҲΪ֤ʵԷڲС
˭֪´ǰݣ߻˸Ůӡ
ɲʲôҦСӣ´ǰɫĮǶ͸һɱ䡣
ҧͻȻذѹԼĲϡ
ͩߺһǴ˲ţ䲻αҪѰٻ
´ǰ䴦ãſҲϲ㣬ҾϲӣҲǵĻԼŸ˽ݡձѰȻҲԻ䣬վ͸ˡ
ʲô
żҳˣ˵ĻԺðɻ
Թԣô˽ˡ
ٿʷ⿴Įı飬ͻȻͷͬ顣
ʲôȱñӸҵġ
筼ֱԽ˵ԽϷذѹڲϣԽԽ
Ȼſǻ
ӵˣӵĹ
һԵż󣬼æȰλºú飬Ѱٻġ
签Ǻã´ǰдһҡҴӦңӴٲ˻Լ֮£˫˫ɡ
ҳ»Ȼԭ̹ӣǵȹϵ
ѹ˵֮ǰôֵֹġ
ṫӣӰ룬ܡ
´ǰһһӣ֪ΪϷͷȴ֪Ϊǰ㾾ġ
ֱȻȻҲὫøˣ
д飬дġ
ذ׵筣
ǣ´ˣϷôİ


93 
ֲ, Աߵˣľս
żתͷһ۵ϣֻصɴҩ, ɵЩǣ
ͩǸ, ղ˵˼Ʋߵʱ, Ҳ
֪ԼҴӹŰׯ, ܳϷ, ˵Ŵ, ˵˵ⶼʲô¡ҼΪʷ, ܻʶ, 㿡, ˭Ųÿһſ
޺޿һۣλﵹǺãȻΪһС, ҼӡǰҵҪѰٻģŴؾǣҲҪҳи˭֪һ⻰, Լӡ
ūŸϽȥɴҩ, Ӿ, ڴ˴󳳴֡
ֳذ, ĵȴݺݿͩһ
´ǰŰ, С˶鰡
仰ͽصɴҩ, , һ
ҳż, Ѿ筲ӵ˿, ֻû뵽, ȻΪտ񣬲˽һŭ֮£͸ԼĲӡ
ż˱棬ҺʵȰ˵λôлú˵αض巢֮ĸ𡣿㻹ŮӣòŮӺεҪ
һβģǱȰңѾѾȰȰ´ǰ
żҳҪ̽ǰɽׯˣǲ´ǰ
˭֪Ȼ顣
˽ЩΣʵǲˡ
Ȿ´ǰ˽£Ǵ룬ֵ˾֪
ûµαʵŮӻԼЦ˽ܶ
ʲôӻԼͷñ
´ǰü䣺İɣ˽֮£δѾֻҪ㰲ĸһؾǣһᵱ´δ

ڳˣͷһ̾
û뵽λ´ˣȴĲ䣬ԼδޣȻǲԸ
գգ۾ŷ´ǰԼ˸裬һӦ⵽Ů
аɣ±鼱֮£´ǰˮ
´ˣҴδϲ㣬αҪǿӶ㵽ϣѴ㳤ݣ̤뾩ǡ
ŷ֣ԭ˵޾ͿޣʵҲ˲õı¡
˵ʱȻҲ˼ᡣ
һͼƭԣδʩ죬͸ųˣϧķ顣
һԵҳתŮӳʱ˵ҲȰ˵´ˣɷλޣαҪǿҦСҦء
֮ǰйҦСӣһ²˳졣
ż´ǰɫҳļ仰ɫԽĮ
Ͻֵҳʾ졣
ż̾һ筿ţҦ±´˵˽¡ֻǽײȻۿŹ档Ƚذ׷£´ٺġ
˿̣´ǰҲ˫һƽ޲ĺϣ
Ƚذ׷£㲱ϵ˿Ҫһ¡
´ǰ࣬ȴ͸͡
˸оǰδ顣
λˣҪλȳȥȻҼҴ˺ȰȰͩۿϷӦĻˣϽ˵
ô˵żҳˣȻͬ⡣
ͩ˴ǰϽ˶˲赹ˮдˡ
Ժ筣ڶ뿪һذס
´ǰذ׺󣬽µҩͰײϣתͷ筡
޳֬͸ϸ壬˿Ѫ˳Ų¡
ɺǿҷԱȡ
˴ˡ£ڼ١
ȻͻôһҲȷԷ᲻š
ĿǰӦûлɡ
ҪȻͩҲôɣ˴ˡ
´ǰָָϵҩͰײȽ˿ڴ˰ɡ
죬˻
ղһȥʱ򣬻ûۡ
˴ˣŸоʹһɾİײѹԼ˿ڴһʹ˳
´ǰüһʼһֱôţδչ
࣬ʼճĬ߽ǿѹʲôδ˵ڵĻ
ְס˿ڣ˻ײŷ֣ײϲѪ
ִٳ֣һʱûƺȣ˿Щ
ҿǲಱ£ӽǵĵط
ﲢ޾㻮ˣҲˡ
ɡͻȻ´ǰվסеǿײ
֮¶һˮ
һɾײˮнݣšɺߵߣһ䣺Խˣ
ͷ㱣̲ס˵ҪҸѾҴ˿ڰɣ´ͷ
ֻͩһСˣйѾߡ´ǰƽ
ʱֻú
ʵǲ֮ӣ׽
ҪһǻԼסԼѾ˿ڡ筲һᣬ㿪´ǰơ
´ǰ֮⣬ɾİײݸ筡
ֶ̰˷ӣʼǿ顣
ĵ׿ʮѧܣѿ衣
ԸͲ
ﻹȽѪɣȳȥЩ˴򷢵´ǰ΢ûٿǹɽ˼ʣٴΧ
ƺǰǾģԼĻҲֻǷ곡Ϸһ仰
ʱǰ
żҳŲ裬ͻȻż̴һЦ˵λ´ˣòҲһĺá˵侩ǵĹŮҲϡôλҦﾹ۹֮ߣⶼƲϣ
侲ȻǶûлɡ
Ͼ˽£ʵǾףҲʵ޷ţŮ𵱽ڡ
˵ŮҲɾ´ǰòģѵá
ҦﻹҪҸʲôģѲǸ˲ɣ
ԾͲˣҳǿһڲ裬ִ˴ݵĲˮʵͨҡͷ˵ŴдΪûλ̹ӡ
ǸȪ̼ҵĹӣ˵һݣǴֱʣѴӡ
ҳλ̹ӣǰŴǻСЩ˵ֿƺĹӸ磬˵թ
ƳΪλ̹ȲҪˡȪ̼ңЩȴЩįվȽŸȻͲ´ˡôż׬ӣֻҲΪ˽֮°¶
żЦԴôһ˵ҵ̹ͦӡ
Ͼܴ´ŮˣֻҲȷʵǸ
ҳ¶һḡҪǼλ̹ӣ֪λҦҪѰٻҲҪԭˡ
˵䣬´ǰӺԺ
λʵڱǸЦˡ´ǰʱ
ĸżЦʵ֮δͨʹ롣ֻźԺЩĴ˰Σ


94 
żǰԼƲһɶ
´ǰȻǣŴ˵, ҹջ·ʰšŴ˺뵣ҵİΣ
żʱҭ˵
´ǰΪҲ˼粵, Ͼռʶ˶Էľȡ
Ҧˣżе
´ǰʱɫŴ, ĳи֮, ŴһҪӦ
´뽲
֮, ñ֪Ͼ¹ôײƣʵа, ŴԼ, 򲻿й¶֮¡
ҳ̲ס´ǰĴָ´, ˡ
ñⶼ̡
ȻԹڵҪŶԷ
ʱͻȻн棺ˣһ, ˵ҪҦСӡ
Ծ, ҳ̲ס˵òǳ̹Ӱɣ
Ҳ죬筱´ǰץ˵׼˻ȥء
´ǰͷ, ǵġ
δλӣ϶ͬߣǰ˽˵ǣҲʱ˳
Ҫǳ̹ӵ, ´, ֻǶΣա
ǰż˽ǰ, Χסˡ
ǸսΣǿ, Ҫ˫˵Բ, ֻҪ⡣
´ǰ漴ŭ֪ʲôط˵𣿽˸Ҹߡ
Ա˻Ȱ˵
Ҫλ̹ӣ񲻾´˵УܰԼŮˣȴС
ҳԲҪȥ̹ӣȻȥš
żҲȰ´ˣ˶ӣǲ̹ҪȥǰܻҦ
Ȱ˵ʱȻ˱
˴󾪣ֱſڳһˡ
лһֱ˶ݣ筵һڣ͵Ϣ
˭֪ûһ˴Ϣ˵վǰ󶼱˰Χס֪żҳһݡ
ˡ
Ϣл뵽筻ڡ
䲻֪Ϊλ´ǰһ𣬵ǰݣȻ顣
лҲ룬ǰ
Ѵ⣬ԷĸҶ筲̱¶ԼݣҲһҪȫ
˭֪˸ãҳǰĵ̹ӣ˷֮£´ѲƽˡαͱءϽȻȥ
лü
ҳɲѹ˼ҵδޣûִ˴ݣôҶû취ˡ
л΢ɫ䵭Ȼɣͷȴ˾κˡ
˼ҵδޣ
´ǰһ֮ԵҲǴνǵֻʱɫߣס
ʶ´ǰ´ǰȴʶ
֮䣬ʲôδһ˵
лȴûгΪ֪⼫п´ǰҳĽڣڲ˽̬˵
粻˵
ֻĬԶԡ
ҳΪȥԼȰ˵ԽС˵֪㵣Ҧ´ͷϣ㲻Ȼȥ´ˣȻҦͻȥġ
ǲѰлƽ
˵̧꣬ͷǰͬվŵˣ˹ȥ
Ϧ𣬽ʣȼɻհɫ
˸ɫ⣬ңң
żվ´ǰԣҲģ
ǰҳǸ̹ӣţֻԵģˡ
˭֪һλǸ
лһɫɽˮۣͦΣȻձڻƵĳ֮УüĿˮīʻճĿ۽üմŵȻ
ôƽƽһۿȥܸоϵ߽ࡣ
Դʥ㣬ÿòˡ
żǰλҦĪϹ۲ɣ´ǰ
һ´Ű֮ˣԶλȷʵǷ绪ʢ
֮ʣһСܵŲԶ
ǰͺԺŴһϸӰڹսǴ
Ų̫죬۵°ͬ紵𣬸ĳҲڰƮ衣
޵ŮڲԶֱӱܶ
˵£ܵһѩ׳۵ǰֽס
ӣˡס
л±ײ£ɣԭȻüֵۣһ̣类һ͵ĹΣøᡣ
һĻɲŮòŵĿ
ֻ˲ɳȥ´ǰվǰڡ
΢˶ΪûڿβȴѾ˸
ԶӵˣεӰֻ
Ҳֻǻ԰ˣôһ̣ҪĳĻ֮УվԾǻԣб˺ʱ
ͥԺܣһƬš
л˱⣬´ǰţΨͥԺڣΪ֪ˣĬԡ
ͩƤһںԺ
˭֪ͻȻ˵ǰҪҪ˵ġ
˸ձֹѪ˿ڣһ·ܶ
ʱϵлûü˵ʲôһУ˵лУֻĵ˵
һ̣ŤͷԶ´ǰ´ˣ֪㲢ϲңֻǲѡӣ㡣´ˣҲѡ㣬㲻ãʶȡ㲻Ǹĸ֮ý֮ԣδ档
лһ˵Ļһ߿ֻͷЩңֱơ
͵ս筵ƣ˫ͫĲ
˿ѱײֻŽǳɫǰ˿ڻѪ½̣ʺ𽥱ɰࡣ
ˣ
лüᣬԭһ˫Ȼȼ˳֮ŭ
´ǰ㲻һʱϰˣͷǰ
Ļ˵ġ
лʱĻЦһϲңֻⱲӣͷ
筣
֪лһȫȻ֪˼ԵɵˣôƬ̼Ϸ
˭ϷĶð
ڴŻ棬ԱЩҲľս
ס˽飬ͺ
⻹ͷһؼͬʱڳϱĳ̹ӣȻŵıԭ仹Ҫ
ʲô
żͷܣȴҲòп֮£ȷʵƽ
սл֣ߺţ´ˣǿҲáĻԼѾգ֮£ҲҪҼ˵
ҪҽշҲУ뿪֮ǰ㲻뿪
´ǰ֪÷뿪
ǿ˴ֻΣա
лͷĪɻ󣬾ôƺںδ´ǰۣĿˣԲǡ
ƫƫ̹ӣԼӦǼ
ȴ벻ںδ
筼´ǰɿڣԸԼߣĵһ
л뿪˵签úЩŲԭ֪ʱʪ͸
Ҳǻհɡ
̫Σ
ա
ԭתͷҪлԹ̫ΣգͱҴתͷͿл˫ӡ
Ų⡢ɻ̽Ȼǲá
Ϊδ޵ˣĵ
ҪЦȴЩӲ
Ҫ˵ֻ鼱֮µ֮ʣҪҲ޷
ϾҪһɣԼΪʲôݡ
ȻûбȹѪŮ֮飬תƱ˵ߡ
ⲻ˶ǵ˵ǡ
һ̣筱лӵڻУ˵дҲУֻҵġ


95 
筻ص԰, Ϊ˹ȥ˭֪˷лԸȥҩ͸ɾɴ
ڵİ𰾪˭ˣ
Ŀ筺л֮شת, ܿ죬ͷ筲ϵİײ
С, ôȥһˣˡּԴ뾩һ·ԼС˵Ƶδ̫
ڰ֮ǰ, ˸ҩġ
Ƿݳ⡣
û뵽û, ԼСֿʼˡ
л֣Ҫֱӽ⿪ϵİײ筰ס, ˵ҵѾˣٲˡ
СлºͶʧǿƵĵ
˵, ָѲϵİײһʺ˿, ǰ
лüôŪģ
筲˵, Լ˵ˣǵлġ
ֱл˿, , ͻȻԼģ
Щ𾪡
ⶼܱ³
ҡҲҪ˺Լ, ǵʱšȥȪׯ, û뵽´ˡҲǽȥøǸׯ, ˭֪˷, ֻܴӺ, ӵȪׯĺɽϡ
лĽ͡
˵֮´˻ݣյǱûã֪żʹҳһǻ˽ǰ󶼰ΧҲ֪ҳǼҵģƼ´һ𣬿϶ỳǵݡ鼱֮£ҲŻǸӣΪʲô
һǰһ飬˳͵͵лһۡ
ӡ筹ָ¡
ۿлɫݣϽģʽƱҪ²ƴڻĺŪȥ
л͸·һ߸°˿ڣһߵ´ΣҾ͡
ûУûУԲ´Ρͷһֺ
ǻʱɫҫţӳʱüۣƽ͵ᡣ
лû˵ָֻĽ˿ڰá
Ūã˳Աߵλ£üۣʰùҩаײҡҷǳĺ⣬Уͬϼ⣬ҫۡ
´λˣҪ˺ԼܱȫҾһɱ
筴㵵ĵɴ˫
ЩŵĿл
Улʼƽ͵ԸǰɱˣףΪ˱
űһδ
֮ʣлѾٴվնδʲôʳɣ˸˿Ҫɿڣ˳֮
⻰͸ŹУ·ղһ仰ֻˡ
筹ԹԵͷ֮л뿪
ûһᣬŽż⣬Ľ
С㡣Сһ
ſϣӦһ
ȹӹ࣬Сʣӳˣ
ûС
Ϊʲôɫôѿ
筣Ҳ֪ĴԼҲǺɡ
С˵ҾôãѰ飬϶ǵ
һ´չգСѾͷʲô˼˵Ӳã԰ɣ
ǡ𰳶ǣҲ˵
ɿСֹĲҪ
㲻ߣߴղƤֻܸһƤֹ֮µǰ˵һ顣
ɴ۾Դףӿ϶ǳԴˡ
̾һ´˶ңǵ˼ֻΪ鰸Сײһˡ
Сÿ֪´˶㲢ǵ뷨𰹢ֱ
筣
ٴڰԴϣ£ô˵ڮ´ˡ
´ǰʶʱ䲻ȴΪˡ
˳֮ϣ沨ϣᵳӪ˽һֻҪҷ
ˣĳĴ˾ء
סԴί˵С㣬ûλ´ˣͲһ𣿡
ʶϵôᡣ
ǣ֮ǰǸյǣðΣմȥμү㶼͸¶ү顣ཻܾ֮ãų͸¶
λ´ˣҲʶ͸ҰѺүӵ֤ݽ
Լ粵
ɣΪ´ǰãΪε
ȴһ̣Ī
С㣬Ҿӿ϶ǳԴס˵ΪԼһϽҲ˻
ҡҡͷû£֪ˡ
ţ˼ȥ˯š
ҹ磬ХĻ죬ԭɢη׼˯˼ȥڻ
̨ͤ¥ѱڰ֡
ֻеһյǰ
лסĵطԺӵԱߣƽǳԷһ
ƫƫ˵ЩҪæЩţ͸ϽЪϢ
źʵĺ磬һȦ׵ëƤա
鷿⣬̨ףߵſڡ
·ţ˭֪֨ѽһ˳Ʊƿˡ
ԭ鷿һֱŵġ
筳濴һۣԭˣʱҲ̧ͷ˹ڱ˴ϡ
лվ
ĵΪʶľٶĵЦ¡
棬ֻ߽鷿
ů¯͸һɢȥů⣬С
筱ЩӲָҲָ֪
ôഩ㡣лü
һЦ㲻ţһֱ鷿𣿡
лͷ
ЩӣͶὫǴ̽Ϣݸ
߹ȥͷձոŵӣҪһͬȥ𣿡
лţȻȻҪġ
̲ס̽̽ҿٶ̫ԣǵл̧
ʲôŹģлʵ
Цǰסһֱֻۣǲϲ´˽Ӵ
лͷһ졣
¶ѵôԣ
ֹС
˵ʲôлתͷ
ŷϴŵľ⣬˿ƣ룬ԭְƤ͸һֲĻҰܣƴһ
ͷȣ̲ס㲡ˣ
ǰһֱıģȻûע⵽ɫ
лҡͷ£ֻǳɼ
筹ĸ֣;ëȻϾǼлĳɼʲôģ
Ϊˣ㻹ϽȥϢ鷿ư̫ͣԼˡżߡ
ŷл䡣
лվԭأûһֽק˹ײС
֪Ϊ˰ɣĥ֪һǶôѵáвԴԼ
лڵͫ͸һ˵棬Ŀ
һ¾ͻ筵ķ
ԭΪԭŻԼ
ĵΡ
лһۣ֪ԼĻ˴߻ģ񾹰һϡ
ָָѹ˿ڵİײϣϸ
һײԵó
ͻȻչһЦԺһӵĻˣòá
ŮЦʱĵԽˣ紺֦ͷϾŵһ꣬΢η۵ɫġ
˵ʱҡֱۡ
л΢΢𿪡
ãԺôЦ
筸Ϊ̫ÿ𣿡
лã޿̵Сɵӣ˾ùֿ
筣
޲ô˵˫ۣСЦÿɵ


96 
֮ŵɢ, ˵ʱɣ˵Ҳָǰɡ
ֱͻȻ, ҾȻôҪˡ
л̧
ҽׯϵ˽Ӵˡ˵
лЩԾû뵽筵һǰܽӴׯ񣬲ɵʲôˣҪ
ǰ˵´ǰҲҪǱׯ, ȴ˷֡
û뵽Ȼ˿ׯЩ
ֱ筵ҽӴǸʮĺͯףׯӵСĺͯܿɡ
ʲôҪ
лδС, ׯӱϣ͵Ҳû˽ȥ, ´ǰҲ޹
筷֮, һӴׯӵˡ
洫ˣЩ֤ˡ
ˣ˵ǺȻͲ󣬵Ǹṩ˲ٵõľ
һ, ׯȷʵв׳겻ˣܶຢͯĵûӰǲںУǵ֮ڽׯ֮Ųġ
ڶ, ǸСӸ, ǰ
ʧٵ׳ꡣ

Ļ, ûʲôر, ϵһ, ͸ⲻѰˡ
֪󱾾ǻۼ׳ĵطΪǼķ飬ҳŸΣա
л˿˳˼ѹֳƽ״ֽдţ׳޹ʧ١
Щ˲޹ʧ٣һʧ٣ǿ˿
Ĺʮϸÿһ󣬾Ҫϱ͢
Ͼʯᱻұǲϸƣ˽⿪˵׼˸ð֮踣Ūһѵ˽
ʵɻıǣȻ췴
췴ĵһǱ
˼ȥԴͷֹ¡
лָߵأҹɫȾһ˿£׷ԴǸйϵ
һֵ֪Դ顣
ܶѦ٣񻹲֪ǷУֻֻΪƣܶеǷӣֺαҪ˽󣬸Դ顣
ܸ档
йɲĸš
Ŵ˻ͻʧͷ£ʣ֮ϣѻΪһκΪһ˽ʿǺڰ֮û뵽ȻЩ޹񡣡
˽ԿɱͷĴҪ׳꣬ץסؾŪԹص˵ܿᴫ½֪
ЩȴͬʧȥԼļ԰
ܸԼȫһסһĻᣬЩסӡɷ򣬻ԸΪ帶
ݴ˵֮£ֻҲΪסˣ֡
ҵЩ֪²ؼȴԸԩڡ
筵ޱȳء
ҲµķֻҪҵ⴦˽󣬵ʱЩ˾ı£Ҳ޷һټ󣬲صʵʵ
ֻܱҲ㣬Ҳ롣
*
ոӣλݶŽ֣˴Ϊ֮ء
ӿҵ֮ǰĴ
ԭոڽһͼ񲻱ǧžͻֱڼſڱ򵽡
֮ǰΪ˸ſҵصذĵһӾǴ˹
֮Ȼ˿֬֬һ֬Ƕʮ򣬱Ҫ෽ɡ
ոĿ֬Ҫһ
ҵ㹻΢ʦݵһĿ֬ϣ̵ǽ԰̨ͤ
رĺӣرƳ̨ͤģ
ò˵Ĵȷʵ˵ã˼룬ܱ㡣
֬ƿ״ǸӲ֣˫ĽǷܡ
һ磬筱лһǰ׼
ʱһ죬ſʨ飬ֵֶſڣȺ㣬Χˮйͨ
ȵŴ򿪣ֻһȺǳɫ·۰׳ȹŮȻ
ȺŮһķΣһװģ浾ġ
Ƽ˾ļҸС㡣
λͣ롣Ϊ׵Ů˸
筽صŮװŮѾ¶Ҳ±ٷ֡صոĿ֬
ڣվڶ¥ƽ̨ϣ¥¡
ܶʶ̧ͷ¥̨վŵŮӡ
λﴽõʲô֬и̲ס
ֻվڵµŮͷޣ෱ضָշΣͷž»䣬һϮɫٻ࣬һͬɫʮȹһȦߣΪϵĵ㾦֮ʣƮ죬̤ǺӶ˶
̧ͷˣԺжͬһ仰
üԶɽ죬ĿˮᲨ
¥֬ԼϣΪοҵص׼ĵذУȤҲ¥һơ
һڣͷĵƹӳ£ɢϸĹӰ
ոĿ֮֬ϲΪ֬ɫʳڣЩЩ֬ɫʱ溬⣬ôɢһ˵ɫ
ɫ֬Դﲻĳ̶ȡ
˶¥ֻмĲϣĸ˫ĽǷͤģĺӡ
ĸӶˣǶŲͬɫ鱦ӳò
ʵĿࡣ
ǣи̲סʵ
һŮĵˣǶΪ˴˴οҵص׼ļ˫Ľ̨ͤͣҲֻǰĸӡ
ҵģҪǻεҪأٽΧ˺ӣ˷Ƽڶ̾޸
Щ޸̲ҷ绪һǧĺ硣
˵Գ֬ӣǷھǣֻ»ᱻЩԳҴ尵һ
ǷݣΪ˵ؾ̷Ũأ֮ϲʱȡ
Ķǵ׷
Գ֬ӣӵͻ԰Ϊͤӡ
ȻһƳ˵Ĺע
֬ӣҪһˡȿʵλˣ
վһԣδڣվλŮһЦ£ǵе䱦ֱ
ǻóǿλ˲õ
ŮʼմЦ⣬԰ֻ꣬ĺʵΪ˱ⵡĿˣƹһ㶨¹أĺгֻڱǧϵĿˣйʸ񡣡
ǧ
һŭǵۿͣǺġ
λˣԲӡһǵڲǿǿĺ֬ƹΪ˴˴οرġǵе֮׾ͱȥǹ֮
СŮĽͣʼǸ˵ͷ޵ǣȾĶ˶ʲôϡġ
ŮӱղصãڲͬĿʽõ֣ǿݳǵͷһݡ
ûһڳ
ĹҪʮĽĿ֬
ۿҪأһ꣬ҪĩʱԼƽʱ᲻ûӵСϱǰֿ֬Լļ
л鷿ڣ
ֱŶ룬ϲС㣬һмĳѾˡ
ô죿签ȡ
ͷλ˲Ҫ׵ĶʮʱҪ˺ü˵һǧĹ˿͡˵һ򳬹ǧģͿѡһ
ãȥɡЦ
Ȼûһᣬ֮ͭ
ֻһϲˣΪһþĿˡ
ӴȻôˡֻʣˣ
Ǹ̨ͤģĺӣʵ̫Ưˡ
治Ǵ̵ķˣȻǳֺ
ϣŪøõ˶Ļŭţʵһġ
筱˶û뵽Щ˾Ȼ˳ס
һԭΪղյȻһա
Ҳ˵ĺп֬ʹǧ۶ĺļ۸Ҳǲơ
ϣ˷筺лžĲŪӡ
ƹģձһ۶һǧ
Ҳû뵽ոݵĵһտҵȡ˳ɹĿʼ
ţǺ֮ء
ոӿ֮ҳżˣԶл˼֣ǿȷʵ׬ӡ
筶ոĿҲ˵ǰˣΪ˼ݡ
ԴˣɴϣǴżӵͷơ
ҳλ˼֣ϲǮϲ׬Ǯ
׬ǮˣǾ͸
л筶ˣҳȥ硣
˷ҳ֮ڶʮţ³ݵһգѼϵķ⣬Լ͸һɾȡ
ҹɫƳϣͥ¥СԺǰ涼˻ơ
涼ӳճһƬƺ̵ʢ
л˵طֻһҾ޴ͣںϣһߴ㣬ܱߵĻƺһ³еĸСɡ
ҳߵĹܼң´ӭӡ
˻ŷ֣ϴȻ˼ΪĲװΡ
ǰ筵ոţصѰ˲þ
û뵽ҳݵ˵ز㾫Ķֱװδɼ֮ݻʵڷͬһ㡣
δڣ˿֮ڶ
˴ڣͿҳӵұŮӣֳ־Ʊͼһ˺һڣҳ죬Ҫιȥ
筼״üͷŤͷ𴦡
̵Ůӣֻǵȳʵ̫ѿö࿴һۡ
ҳƼǵˣһƿŮӣЦ̹ӣҦǶλˡ
лǰ
ҳһЦţ۾ȴһߣ筵ϡ
ǰһüë̲סȻǰɢģ֪Ǹɶˣװ硣
һŮװģŲۡ
һ⣬·һ֮¶òڵŮӣɸһȣҲĿ
վҳߵŮӣǰڲ¥
ԿһۣͻȻû뵽СӣŮǷˡ
ΪҦǸŮͷˣҳЦ
ˣǰСò̫ڣԸӶȲϡ֪СǸķڷ
ҲҦᲢۡҳͻȻݡ
ǲ˸ղŵ⣬һŽ߿
ôεεŮӣܵסһ˵һţŶӣſڵϣֻȻ޶ҿ޳ֻš
ү˵˻
ҳһүĵҲ˵ҲԼǸʲôɫ
ﻹ
лȴ֪ҳ˷﷢𣬸Ҫ
ҳϸֲͣٸѵʱ筿ڵλﲻֱڿЩα𡣡
ЩƤļӲ֮⣬ֻʵڿҳһӣȴһŮӳ֡
Ǹųˡ
ҳƺȰסԱ£ӻ֣ȥɡ
г̹ӻҦЦˡҳЦк¡
ûãЦ˵û뵽λ龹һʱ̾Ҳ벻õӡ
лҡͷүͱЦˡǵҲǲ֪λ´һղ뿪ݣһձ㲻뿪ҵߡ
ҳЦסͷ⣬⡣Ӣѹ˹أοҦȵľɫҪǻңҲȻҪˡ
üһҳĻֱ˵
ڴίߣԸһԴ
лЦһҳȥԭºʣһ˲䣬ͷ·תڣһѹϻͳ
ԭ˫º͵˫һ˲øϬ䡣
ҳȻһʱסæҿڲԣּ¡
˻ֵԺĪἰл¶һ˿Ц⡣
ֻЦ˿¶ȣҳù﷢ɣ´Ҫ˵ðҦĻ̹һὫʬΡ
лɭı飬Ҳֻת˲š
Ͻתƻ⣬˵лǰҪ̸£˵ǰó׼ļҴ󴬣֪ɷṩ
Ȼǿԣֻǲ֪ҪǺҲЩ׼
ҳЦģֻҪṩֻɡ
ǺãүʱҪôҾ䴬ֻлɴ಻ʣǹôʱ䡣
ҳϹ˵ڳϦհɡ
Ϧ
ͷһ󾪲ΪǳϦ
лԥʷڳУ֮ǲģǻҪСһϾЩʷ롣ǻֱʥϵȨЩС˸һ״ֻ²ҲѲƤ
ҳҲû˷ŵɣһ˿أɲǣЩʵ鷳
ִΣҪһ֮лЩȵײߡ
ҳ̧ͷһۣζ˵һ̹֮һ֮
˵Цˡл
ҳһҲ飬ƺ϶лҪ֣֮׳´ǰ󻼡
ʷȻ֣ǳ͢ģȻܶЩʲôݵĵؽϣ
һԲֱ˴
ԼԼʱ筲Сʣӣ˵ҳǵҪʲô
ĿǰϦ֮ҹǻһж
лԶ£˵оǣֻҪ´ǰ֣ҶֵĵطݡǻʹƲ߽´ǰݡ
筲´һֱݣ֮²Ļһ뿪ġ
лҪ˵ݵĻ϶ȫ׼
ǻʲôǵøϽ´ͨ籨Űż
л˵ҲǸ壬Ƕǵ̽
筱һѣӳڹι䣬ٴС
ҳͻȻҪлṩֻܿȷʵҪôл͸¶һϢǡ
ڿܻ´ǰ֡
´ǰţ϶ҳߡ
ôǾͻᱩ¶ǰ´ǰݵһͻǼٵġ
ҳ϶лĴֻ˵֡
ԥҪأĴ´أ
´ǰӹһٵĻүӡҪΪ֪ȴ֪ͨ´ǰɥϣֻⱲӶȥԼһء
ǵȻðϢлϵı飬ָķޡ
ĵһ
漴һʲôأ´ԩ޳Ӳ
żǸ
½Ұɣһ˾콫Ϣݸ´ǰл˵
ǻ԰֮л˹
Уǰһˡֽ´ǰлʣʼЩʲݡ
ɻӣ֮ǰ˵ҪκϢʷġ
Ϊڰ´ǰ֪ԼĴڡ
Щߣһֱ¶Ŀԡ
´ǰڽǵ氢筵κǷµ飬һˡл䵭
һ´ǰԷֵ¶١
лֽ¡
ڶգ´ǰʱնͷ׾Ŷ
źۼĽֽóµļš
ʱ䣬ϴոʵ˽һֱ׿ǣȥΧ
޷ĵңֻ͵͵жȻٶȻ
ӣհŮһ顣
ͼ𰼱ææģ
ΣˣôçײЪú˵
ղ˵긽˺һ˵Ǿʷˡ
˵һ졣
ֵּǵ´˰ɡ


97 
ĵ״, ȴһ˲ҡͷġ
˵һ´ˣӲ
ʵǴӺδģ
Ǹղλ֬ʱ, ˼䣬˵긽˺, һҴҹҴϵ˺ûܳ, ȫûˡ
ڵһʱ𾪺ʹ㵺Щ֮, 侲
֬, ΪҪЩ飿筷ʵ
𰱻ס£ɵֻżȻᵽ
żȻɣ̫ɺˡɫ΢
ԭ׼԰, л, ˡ´ǰĳ, ȥ, ޲
´ǰҪûг£ڻȥ˵˼Ʋߡ
˭֪, ǲ˹ɵո󣬽Ϣ͸¶, ҪлķӦ
һ·, ߳СĽ
ֹɺϵϢ, ǻɶš
л, ô, һֱæΪġҳЩ, ´֡
˼ˣԭ࣬˻ȥ
ûż԰ڵڴһֱ԰
ϣ¸߹ңء
һĴ֣Ҳ˰ϵ½½ţոĴҲҪϡ
筴һ·ʻֱ԰
˫һֱŵ۾ųʧ
֪żҡ
ݹƼĵطȴֻǸͨԺӣ˿ݣѰƼ֪֪ļҡ
լӸݳڣЩ̵԰ֱ̫ء
鷿
ҳ˵ŴˣҾ˵̫ˡ˰ϢλҦû¶һš˵ˣĵ׺޲µûˡ
ûô侲Ϊ֪ʲô顣
żüͷһĵģ
ҳ̾һ˵Ŵˣôôġֵʱ䣬ֻҶ֪´ǰǰ꣬Ҳʱ֧ȥġڴˣʬ˴ӽ̳պˡ
Ҫǲţ˽ʬ嶼˻
ż󣺡ˣˡ
ҳŵһЦŴˣҰͷİɡ
ֻ飬׼׵𣿡żʡ
ҳͷѾóӤṩֻҲûֻȥ򣬵ʱֻôǡ
żɢ̲סٴѣ֣͵Ǳô˽ı˷ֵĻǳĴһҪСĽмҪò֮˵졣
ԭǴ㽫˽ıһصĵط
Ҫֻ䡣
żЦ³ɵĻһġֵʱһ죬ֻҼ֣Ҫ׼񡣡
Ŵ˺α˵ͬΪ£ʱءҳüЦϽż˼䡣
żֶ˼䡣
ҳ뿪
ûһһʦүģˣż鷿˳
˴ֱɲ˾ʵ
żҡͷǵߵĸˣȻȴֱ֮ˡȷʵдôϾѦٵˣҪڣܴѦҪѴǮǸ˲١
һ̼֣ҲФ²λãҪԼŮ޸¡
ԭҳ֮ɱͷ飬޷Ǿλ£˸ĺô
λܵϻλҳŮǲʱǺ󹬵һλԼٲݵһ̡
ҳڿŮλһ£Ѿߡ
ǰżȻѦٵ̧ۣܶһů檣ѦΨһӵĳ檣Լһͷ档
ҳǸͷģ˶Ʋϡ
˵ЩԱƽƽỴ̈Ҫͷ
ԵǰҳҲ°ܣɸҪĸ
࣬ⲻȫ˵롣
żλǵ·ߵˣֻˣ˽ֻҲżְ
żֻ֪ɶԵ±ϹϾ
ο˼ˣ˵;Ҳͷصġ
Ŵ˶þϣҾͷˡЦ롣
*
筻ص԰ʱлڣȻ鷿
Ϲȥ
ڣͼлվʱЦҹʱҲӦûˣҪȥ㡣
´
û¡
л϶Ļشͷʱһ
ͷǰлЦЦҾ֪ڣ´ûô⵽ǰ˵Ķ֡
飬ҲϢĿǰҵİȷطֻطҪһ̽áϾЩطܿжԷرأ
ʵط
лط˵һ顣
꣬ʵǸطǲǰȥɽׯԶ
ԣطص㻳֮أǴ˵طΧϴ󡣡
ڷУ͵ƹüϣһ˲Ŀᶨط
лͷ
筽͵ǰȥȪɽׯǸȪɽׯ֮ҪΪׯȪˮ֪ΪΣͻȻ˺ɫ˾Ȫطϵˡ
Щһֱû⣬ֱգ￴һ飬Ͻݸòұ˽ЩҵڡԭݸǺʯͺгɫʯ˿Ⱦ˵ºӣܻܿӰ쵽Ȫˮ
ЦҲûǵЩɷ˵ڵλãþȪׯӸ뵽ǿڱȪˮ
˵֮󣬰βл˵
ֻóɵӣǾҵƶ̫ǲǣҪȻ
ͻȻлЦԽЦԽơ
Щȣֱл£ûоϣֻǾðʵ̫ϻˡĻֲֻ֪Ҫܶԩ·
СлôޣȻҲǿġ
лҡͷ˵ҴӲĴϻֻۣϧ䣬ʩչŻĻᣬ֮١
ЩԾû뵽лȻ˵
ѵӲãŮӾӦôڹ뷿֮У²Ů£
ʵҲ֪ӵŮӣǲġ
ͷ¶棬Ӫ̵ΪݣϧԼڣ˽Ļ˵ڡ
һֱ֪л
ֻΪΪϲŻݡ
δǣĶ
һ죬Ϊеϧ
лҡͷᶨ˵δҴδһŮӾ͸ôڹ֮УŮӵĴϻ۴ӡΪжǲš
ЦŮ
Ϊֻ㣬ҲŻϲ㣬㳤һӡ


98 
֪´ǰû֮, 筵鳹׷ɣ˿л˵ͷֺ֪ĸо
Ȼϲ, Ҳ֪
̧лһۣͻȻǽż⣬ͬʱ˫ס½˵ľһ±, ̣һ仰
֪ߣҲ
˵, ɿл½
л, üչ, ¶Ц⣬ߵ, ⶺҡ
ٶлĹӣǵø档
Ϊ׽һΣ˭֪˼һ仰˻ȥ
лβ֪, ڹⶺŪԼ
ϷŪ筣ͷ, һ˫ˮĴ۾޹, Ǳīʹӳ۽, ǳˡ
, ôôء
˵Żʱ, ǻŵЦ⡣
˵ҲԼ˻̫⣬Ȼת鷿ſȥ
ŤֱһзһֻԾקסֱۣһ˱קֱۡ
תһȦ筵鷿ϡ
Щδع̧ͷ
Եȼŵĵϣҫ⣬У
лֱŲҪң
Ҳδ뵽ôֱӣľ
ãЩզšûС
лķӦĵ׷Ц
ǺױŪӣȴҪ׽Ūһ֪ģĵԽ
л΢΢ף֮ľԽԽ
ĺݡ
Լͺһ±ü٣ŵңֱĿԣ˴˵ĺһĻȾ˼ּ٣ļҲ˼ֳ
лϵζĺ
˵ĳˮ㣬͸һݣˡ
Ѿʱϲлȴ̼ǵãϲıϵݡ
·Ĺ裬ӹɢζ
ֱ˵ﲻ룬ȴ롣
գϢٴϮ˫筵գһ㱻
ģŵϸ壬ЩϣĦļԭֻȵļһɹ̣ӽӴĵطĴܣĵ״ƽϢ
лԽԽ˫·Уֱ
޲ý롣
ٲֱ̲ס˫ۡ
ֻǹرһй֮󣬷Խˡ
ٴξʱҲѹ󣬲һаĴѹԵǿơ
筵·𱻻ѣѪҺһ̣糱ѴڵĺˮڲϢ
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ֱͻȻһ޴Ķ˹筺һܡ
ڿػصĵŮɽУԵر𡣱Ͼ󹤵ڿֻۣ˲ܡ
󳡴Ů˴ĵط
ȥ󣬿ٴαüž
筶£˷ӹĶһʯͷ
̽Եĺʲôˣ
Է޻ش
筴ӻͳӣרŵͨͲų˹ڴ˴ȼҲ֡
еĻȼһ˲Ϳǰ治Զʮõˣڿת
Էһ׺ݶĮĶǣ·ʱ
Щʲôˣʵ󳡵Ŀ󹤶԰ɡ
ǣЩҪץߡͻȻи˺
ۿҪ´˴Ķĳڴ׷
ᣬǵġ
ǣǿ϶ҲǸһģҪɱǣǵĻ󹤴˿ƺѾ羪֮
ôͣǶԸš
뵽Ǹ󹤸ϵ˿£ӦʲôɣЩƭ˿֮¡
Щ󹤿ǣΪǻˣҪ˵ġ
żʱԺͻȻһͷʵǵпˣ
û˻Ӧ
ʣ֪Ƕ񣬱¿ʼȴǿū۵˴ڿ󡣴ݹԱ˽ڳ͢ղ¡ǲҪ£ֻҪǸһߣҿԴǳȥǻؼҡ
˵˵͢ղˣŮղ
˵ղͷϣΪʯЩͱ˳ݡղֹߣЩڿˣڳϦҹ¶ǡ
Ҫǡ
Ǹ
׶Էʮ˵ͷ˵Ҳ˵ˣŮӣǲΪ˾ˣαôµ¿󾮺ǡ
Ȼְ
ûһٴ𣺡ΪҪǣ
ΪΣΪҪðΣգҲҪһصˡ
Ŷ棬ȻһƬڰһƬڰУ·һЩһ˵ģ
˵Ϊи˵İʯͷСӰˡЩǣټԼİ
ǣʯͷСӡԣǸжîĺӣٴμǵİ
ǰǸһ֮Եĺӣжî
˵îǸ΢΢Щ
Աˣʵʶî
˵֮ǰиزȥǰ˵ӽжîܴųȥһȥӺͺǡ

һ˲ۿɬ·жҪ
ǰǸؼҵ飬Ըȴա
ǵģٴʵ
һΣ筵ޱȼᶨ
ǡ
*
֪Ȼǧ󹤡
ڵ󾮣󹤶ֲڱܵ
˵İĿȫۼһ˵ԱֻҪһܵȵԮ
Щûбȴ»꣬ЩĹߡ
Ϊ֪筼ׯˣЩ˶ԼӺͺӵ䡣
ֻǼһСӣ֪Щ
οˣֻҪסܵȵԮʱұ֤˶Իؼңصߡ
ᵽ˶֣ЩĬԵĺӣ۽ǶЩ⡣
筿Щˣ֪е϶ù
Ǻ̹ǵĺϾȻֻűһļаЩ˵ѾãնݣɼڶԲ
ֱһ̽žϲˣ
筴ϲʵô£
жյ󾮿ڣͿ졣
᲻Ԯˣи˼͵ʡ
ͷпܡ
ǰ󾮿ڣǰں档
һ󾮿ڣͿԶҹĻУŨ̹죬ʶӳˡ
ٲɣˣһ·Ż𴦡
ԭŻĵطǿסĹڹڻ£ΪһƬ棬ЩﶼԲľ죬Ż
ʱ뼸ڲһ۾Ϳһˡ
ӡ
筴ˣΪԮˣܲѡ
Щʱ򣬶ԥԼ¡꣬ЩЩƽմҰ˿档
񷴻Ҳ˿ء
Ϊֻһ
ؼҡ
Ҫؼҡ
ŨҹĻ죬һֱѰҵǵϸӰԡ⣬޽ȻһЦ︴ա
лһѱס筣ͷҴҿһۣҾ֪һû¡
˵꣬תһȦɶ㿪һĵ
ԭл˴˴ͷЩˣ筴Լ˶ˡ
Ҳżóȥ͵˵͹
һѻ˹Щȫе
ǿҲϵ
лһãǰҪҵˣҵ
βŷ֣߾ȻֻмˣЩ𾪵ֻôˣ
лʵ̫ż㡣
ŭǲҪ
лֻҪ㡣
شֻҪһơ
Χһŭҽ֯һǱ˴ȴ·ֻжԷ
һһΣǶػ˴ˡ
ЦһΣҪ빲ˡ
Χƴɱڼ筺л֮սٴζת
ֱһԽԽһһǴ̼ÿ˵ĶĤ
иתͷͿŹٱƷˣںĻжӶ
Ԯĵˡ
Ҳܲѣֱǰһͭ𣬺֪ż˽ͼıѱȿ־ܡ
ղŻܲѵĿΪԼԮˣȴէȻ֪ϢȻòˡ
Щʿ˸ǰʱѸٿʼǰЩ
ǰϵһˣ
筿ԷȻ´ǰ
ۿ´ǰĻţ¶Ц⡣
û뵽ǣ´ǰߵǰͻȻ£΢´ǰ٣ˡ
ʿϤ¡
ǰһƬȺǿиߺ¡
תͷվŵˡ
ǹȻ
Ǳֻʼվߣʼջߵˡ
۾һգգҲתͷĿԡ
ΧȻ糱ˮȥһޱ޼ʵԨֻԽԽ٣־ٶȣòڡ
¡
侲İ


101 
峿ʴɢһ͵Ĺ, ҹ󳹵׷츲صݳ
аգӴһһ֪, ڻ´
Ҽһſʺ̴ð
ֻҲЩķֵ֣ƺ˲ˣݸôſڸǱرѳ֣ʿִ, ·˶ҳ
԰ڡ
԰ӳſŵǼ´ա
ģ·¾˭
վԺſ, ãŴųƼʱҡͷ
ԸҼҹӣСʵ
ҡͷ, С, Ҽҹûء
һסͷԡԣΪЩʵ, ȷʵӦöϢᡣ
ߵع⽥˽ɫһֳ, ݳǵÿһ
̧, , û˵
Ըȱﲻס, ʵҵḶ́Ҫʲôʵģ˵ģܿڣǧҡ
޿̵ӣ۫ӣ
ҹһֱ԰ֱҹʱ筴˻
ֻǲͬ筻һĬֱӾͻ˷䡣ԱźҲҶʣ˯£͵͵
ˣһҲǳĬ
ֱ󣬻׿Ǹһȥ󳡾ˡ
ɫѿѵЩ󹤶ˣ
׿ҡͷ
ôˣ˵ѽ𰼱ĲС
ڿڼ˵ǲڿУͻȻ˷Ż𣬱ΪԮˣȥһӴżˡ
𰣺ˣ
׿ҡͷð޲öԴһ¡
˵µĸأӵôˣ
֮ƴɱʱλʷ´˴Ԯˣ׿ʱʱɻû㱣˵´һӾ͹˵ƺΪ¡
𰱻һ˫ŵ£ʲô£ʲô£
۫ӵ¡
סβʣ۫ӣ
ƴգգ۾ΪԼǻû˯أǰ׿ɫð𰲻ٻɡ˵һֱƭǣС֪
׿һۣԼ˸ɵ⡣
Сǲ֪ĻڷŻǸɫ
ʱŰʣ޿κΣȴҲֻܵͷ˵ҼӲƭġ
⣬ǱǹĿ˵
ӵӵû뵽ͷβƭǡ
ֺõ𰣬ʶôãҼҹӴΣ㲻Ƕеģ֪ﶨܲҼҹ˵û
һһСӣʸӵ˵
Ƥ˳顣
ǰôû֣ء
ǰ밢ദãÿμﶼüЦСģէȻŸЩ̫Ӧ
ٴЦ𰣬ˣ˵һ
ӵΪβҼС㣿ʵ
ݳǷ飬֪λѲ֤ݣصȻôˣṫһġ
ŵͷǹˣһ˵ġ
ϽȭЦ˵лá
˭á
ֻȰһ꣬ѣʱһ֣ԼСĸо
*
ݸá
лǰ֤ݣŤͷҦɽδһжǴѰ֤ݡ
û뵽ż鷿İȻ룬֤ϡ
˽˽˽Σջܻߣÿһˣд
Щ֤ݼݹԱܶѦ٣˹ȻҲ漰СֻżĻ¸żΪһֻ۱һֻۡ
£֤ݶǰǲӦûؾһԵ´ǰ˵
л֤ݣ˷ͻȻЩ֤ǲ̫ȫЩ
´ǰü֪ν֤̫ȫǻЩ֤Ǽٵ𣿡
ҲǻЩ֤ǼٵģֻЩ֣żһС΢Ϊλ᷸˴©Щ֤ݰֺҵĵط
һ˵鷿صأȷʵкܶ˽ҪĶ鷿
лż˽⣬˱ϿƵС󣬿ʵı˵ãΪĺҪȻҳ׽סʱҲᵱϣɱҳ
ҲΪ£лף֮£ҳֻǸӡ
Ļı֪ż
´ǰɫ䣬ɹҪ䲻⣬ºڣΪӣὫ˱Щ鷿
ȻѾҵˣɡ֮ǰЩ֤ݣԲٴ򿪡
´ǰ˺һǣ֮
лǰĹԱжҲࡣ
˵Ϊ˹ŰӲ׸ƣΪ»һΪʱѩɽϵʯͷӲ
´ˣΪһֱҵ£л䵭
´ǰ̧Ȼ䵭ȴɹ΢ǰ֪һֱ֪ݣȻݲ΢
лֻͷתǧء
ֱ˼ߵſڴס̧ͷӭͷкµů۵׵ı䣬ڡ
Ȼǣֵ´ǰϣֻԷ筵棬׿ڴݡ
һеԴͷֻԼ
δտڳϣ㲻ĵز
ֲñˡ
ʱһӽڣڿվŵлʱΪ֮ˣصʹ֣ӵ¡
ߵ
֪ż֤֮鷿УЩ֤ݷ俴ܣֱؾʥְɴ򿪡
лһϮ£¼ۣվڽӲӵ£ݴһ˿ϡ
һ˽Բ̧ͷ
ǡֻҸ׳ǡ
*
ĺ
Ժȥһ飬ǰ˵ﻹûѡ
ԭҲΪƭԼɸղŰһЩˣ˯ôã᲻¡
Ҹղȥ̽СͷСҲûգ˯һ졣𰽹ѡ
ò⣬ֱȭͷһֵֻģҪȥơ
һļϡ
תͷȥҴ
ֻǰջ洫һỽ
𰡣
С㡣һϲص˷ڣͼѾ˫ۣڴ
һͷһҵͷôôۡ
ԼĶͷδȡ
ƿӣҪֻǰһڣͷĿѣˤڴϡ
ŵøϽС㣬û°ɡ
û£Ҿǡ筶£ͻȻ˵ر
˵꣬дĹһһ·ӡ֤һ˵Ļ
ԭɻŷơ
ֱ˵ʳɻгԵģŪ㡣
Żع񣬸Ͻ˵ǣǡ
СѾߣСѾһ˳Ͻź筸¡
筴ѣʵʲôʱˣ
쵽ʱҲûʲô飬ֻɰͷ
ǰǸסģҪڣһͷһСĴͭ筵ı飬˼ȥû֨
ѳʳ˹ֻһˣһ
԰ĳӣĳӡ
ǰڱźʱڣǳæʱ򣬽Ǵһͷӣ׵ĴȻеҪڳſڣϵȸ档
ڿ쵽ϣš
Ǵ籸õķˣþʮֹһӡ
ҧţòڹǰһɤӣ֮ǰӴҲ
˭֪筵һӸȥȻ˸֮͡
ŽʱϴһɺϣƵ
̧ͷסˡ
ǸһֽŴϣЦ粻ɣæһûԷˣøСʦһ
ӡƼ֣Щӵɳ
ݵʲôطôһǰƲӰˣ¶ˡ
ھʱδ֣ԲŻ⾪ȡ
ִ˴ƣԸС𰣬ʢůůӡ
ݣÿҦɽ飬̣ԸҲĲϤŪʲôȤĶ筵һݣȻҲаһݡ
˰һֱӡ
Ŀи֣ԼСֳ
ôˣ筵ϲδ⣬顣
ǸţգЦ˵һôͳüġѲΪûյѹӣ
ʦ̫Ҳûʲôö͸ˡ
ִӻͳһ鶫筶һȻһֻǧۡ
ֽӹԣֻǧ۾Ȼڽ߼ģҪáǰһֻҪŪһֻǧۣû뵽͵һֻȻ㾫
ȷʵϲҿ
ģ֪Լ͵Ķϲ
һĺȺһ߸пǰ´˼Żؾ˵ݴ䣬Ҫ֧ԮʥϾָʹһӽǰݣұӹû뵽Ȼ͵ݣѹЩھǣһֱδϵҡ
筻ڰŪǧۡ
ֱ죬ͻȻһ£˵ˣ֪𣿾ǰʶǸ׸ƹٳӤȻ
ʶҿһۣ֪ΧΧסû˻͵ѹ˵Ȼ۫¡
˵˵Щ׹УЩʲôأ΢˽ãǱȽȤ𣿡
һ߸пһҡͷ˿ûע⣬ǧ۵ƣס
¶֪𣿡ҡͷҲǣҶ֪ô֪ء
̲סЦ
ǧطϣžһ죬øЩˡ
筹¶һĨЦǰȷʵ֪Ҿǲ֪ԭ۫ӣԭͲճ̣ԭҲʲô׸Ʒƹ١
֣
һԵİ𰴹ף۹۱ǱǹģŬԼĴڸС
ͷһᵽʲôĺĺʲôϽ͡
ҿղûᵽӵ֡


102 
ֱôһ, ʱҲˡ
룬תͷһ۰, ĻӲֱ˻ȥֱݸ, ͻȻ𰣬ȥԸԸһ, ˡ
ʶ筣ԼСûӦ, Ӧ
ҡͷѾͷڶʹˡ
Ȱ뿪, ֻʣ¸ֺˡ
Ա, ս, ƣ˵ʵλӵǲǡ
˵üͷһ壬ƺȥ
ǧۣͷ׼, Ťɣʲô
ΪֳȻֱʣлǷ顣
Ҫ, һлʱ签͸ߡǸط򸮵ĹܼңлԾ׸ƹٵЭ참, ȴðΣ, ﳼ֮Ůһͬǰ
ɼ˹ϵ֮ܡ
ֺ΢, סڶĹֱһ̾ƣӵ·ˡ
תǧ۵ָͣ
֮Ÿ֣Ϊʲôô˵
һĵװ̾һã˲޹ϵֻԷϡһΪʲô˵˹ϵȷʵǷǳ
ֱԲҹӣ֮ǰ䡣۫ӣ֮ӣǼɻƱȨϵ
ҵڻڴʲôȨ
Ҳҭһ˵мҵ˸㣬Ȼݺü£ûϢҲѹ֡㸸ѱʥ⣬仹δָλʥѴլӸɼ𸴣ֻ
ϢûüЦüɢȥ
ʵʦ֣˵ʵǱ߾ֳʲô飿
΢΢ҡͷ޿κεѹСͿϻֻۣһܲµʮȷʵ˵뷨
ͥһλӣǿֻʱͽѾɢ˼ʮıְ˲ϡǴҰģԭһսʿ󽵣ȴҲñ˵Ұ͡
ȫӪͳ˧󽫾ǰһֱ㸸׵ĸ֣س࣬ȴ޷Դشܣҳ෪䣬񶼷׷ܵ˱ֳֵַĩʱиСͻعؿǣɱǲոʧء
һֱԳ֡Ϲ̬ЩСǿ֮
Ǳȴײᡣ
ЩС䣬ǿЩǴ̣ǿռţƸЩŮӣֵָӡ
ŪĮԭ
СӣҲΪԼĲ䱻ƴӵ˴
¡ʱ˵ãҰĲƱҪʷ
֮ۿűԼ̲ԭϵС塣
Ϊһϣôһ׼Ķ󣬾Ǵ
ԱԭأЩеķ⡣
ЩҪǵ㣬̤Ƭء
ֻŵĽʿЩ˵Ը˳롣
̲סЦҪõҵʵ۾Ҫ˳
ֺ޲죬ǽжԼУҲɶʥ
˵ѵʵĮ
زҰܣѵֻһս
ʲôʤ
޷ǾΪʵ۾̫̾ãҪûжıȨ
ΣȰʵҲ¡Ϊ˵Щ󳼵Ĺ»δȴһ
һЦأ֮£λʥı£Ҳ֪һ𣿡
ЩԱĻ֮ˣʱɻھǡ
ԣɫҲλؾ£㲻ٻݡĻԼҲѾ㲻ˣʦָ㱣֤ǵⲻ˶á
ھǲǲܳѫҡ
ֿǽʵȨʹǲ˼ҵ
һССĲӣȻ筣ƶŮ˽
ֱǲ֪ν
筴˿飬һѸ޹ϵǰδ顣
£ʵʦ֣ʲôʱؾؾˡ
ӦþհɣϾЩ˷֤ݣҪǡ
һȥն
ֵͷͬ⣬ҲãһԻؾ̫Σա
*
Ѵ˻ȥ˶ûͽȥͱ˳
ô£ʵ
С˵ˣͷӵߵˡ
ɫһףұ粵Ŵˡ
лæ֮ջһİ˳߽ƶԷΪ̲סڵô£
ӣˡŤͷ
лüͷ΢ʵô£˭Ҫ𣿡
˯һգ³£ȥ˴˭֪ͷͷѾ˯ˡ
лüģ͸һʧ䣬ôˣ
ĸ˵ʵֻ˯֮šˣһλ
Ϊʲôлһ˿á
˵԰筵԰ӣܵδеƽ͡
ϲ˴š
лҲ룬ƽǰ㣬ֱǰ筵Ժӡ
յſڣԺŽա
ŵǰţ˺һнŲ
ĵһҪһֱţûʲô÷ӡ
Ժ֨ѽһ죬һϸ죬ŷ¶ССˡ
ڿлʱ򣬰һ˿κͲ֪롣
վԱߣ𰣬ڰɣǹ
СĵԺţת͸һ˿Σӵ£Ҽҹ˵ҪϢˣ͡
ͣ
ǣ治ǻиء
лδΪ⻰º͵Ľһλոʹ
£ʶүʶ
лü΢͸һĨ죬ȻΪƺ
ү
ȻˣлδΪѰ𰡣
ĻһҪӲ֪Ǻá
˭֪ȴҲûš
ԺŲ
ոƹһֱҪؾ͵ðݴ˵ص鶼
պ
ʰ׵׼̻ؾ
һ磬筱ʰ׵
ͷʱΧģ˴ǹԱרõͷƽʱ˼١
峿ͷƮ죬ϱһɴʣƲСΨкˮĴڰߵҲݵ
źķһ;Ŀˣ˼ּѡ
³ʱΧڰɡ
筻ߵߣ׼̤ŵľ壬ͷߵϣȻഫһɧ
Ťͷ˹ȥ
Χƣֻһ̤Ϊ׵Ӵһɫ»ͷڣӵţͷ
ͷԭڰ˶ڿһ˲׷¹
ֻ̧δȴ
ǰлʶӣ㱼䣬ͬˡ
ҲŻ󣬿ᣬͬǰˣüĿŨüǣ·һ⻪֣滪˲ֱӣֻܸݡ
˵ҲǺЦ
ʶôã签ǴӸֿУ֡
۫л
л߽ҲҪϴ筣ԭĺͻȻ类һ΢⣬١
筣۵׵Ĺ⣬ϸЦ
ģУƺӰصӤл
һˡ
ɣֲһˡ
Ťͷϴ˭֪ľϲ֪մ峿øʪ㱣²ȣһΡ
ȶģȴѳǸֵӰн§ֱۡ
񣬵ֻ۰գۼվȡ
筿иһĨȴһ룬ֽƿ
лһˣȴɽ׷ǰϸӰ
δ࣬վڰ֮Уڷմһ㱡ˮ޷ԵԽ
ڷѩδ㲣Խ޶ˣ΢ŵĺ촽֦ͷ͸ĺΡ
筴ûп
ȹڣǰߣͻȻˣ̧ơ
ٱݣַ
ǰ˫֣ĵԽɬ
֪ΪΣͻȻһΣ԰鷿У˲ῴʵȤſԿ
л̧ͷʵʲôôģ
ӣֿÿ
筴δлһ˫ֻҪƯģֹǷ޳
ʱЦŴȤôԶܿ
筱ϷŪһͳ
ǱƻƵãߵԡ
лϣͷֱһĹ⣬ָѾס筵󣬻̧
ղ޵ֱֻ֣ϣʯ̰㣬޳
ϲ㿴һӡ
ʱĻϲۣδɹ˵Ļ
ֻٴγУȴ͸һĪķ̡
ʵݶ֪һӡ
筳Ĭãҧ꣬л£Ůҵ
ĮȻϲȴ֮䣬һ޷Խǵ
лľȻԼǰ뿪
žģ·ֻӰʧлıδйľګ
һ̣궼·𱻳ա
*
ݻؾ˺һ·ϣҲҪִ࣬ܵ
ǰӾʱ筱һ·Ĵ
ȥ·ϣɲù
Ըл޲սԼڴУ͸ѡҹ
ߵĻƳ֮ĲԾ
ֻ֮飬Ҳ๣˸Ȱ
ͬһϵĸ֣֪δʱǰӦǵ񶼲Ծˡ
ո筵Ĵգվڼװϣյ߶
ǰŶ߳ʵǸأ
𰣬ѵĿǼҹС㣬ôһֱսȥͷʵ
˵ΣҼСӣֲǲ֪϶飬׸ı䡣
ͱҦɽ޹ǼᶨѰŮӡ
Ҳһֱãֵֻʶ˵ĹԼӡ
뵨ʶĹҪıŭˣҲǲܱ׺õġ
л֪δϴ֮ǰ˱ҩ
˭֪͹ȥǼˣȴһĲʹ͵Ļ˻
ҽԭʵл
ԼӵüҲչ
Ͻֺõã˾ǣҴȥ֣ҪʲôҶӦкãӣҼӼһɡ
ɴ۾ֳӵ𣿡
Ҵȥ˳֣ʲôҶˡؿڡ
գգ۾ڶ֪˳õĳׯӡӣȫ
ҿһۣɤӣСÿ캥ʱң硣
ʱҹ˾֮ʱ
ͷϲæҾл
һߣ˵ҿɲΪȥ˳֣ǲСһֱôġ


103 
ҹĻ, ԶȣԲ¸߹ң»һкǧ, ϱ¹, źʱˮ֮£Ƭ㣬⡣
Ŵ򿪣һ׵Ӱ, ڼװ塣
һʪ̵, , ɫñ紵䣬ɫ»к, ӳճһŹ, ֻԭӨƤ˿̣͸һɽ̬Ĳ԰ס
Ƴ촽, һ
ڴΧվ, Ľ棬Ǵֻ˷˵
ҹ, ֻɻʻţΪ, ҹתһ·ǡ
ôҹͣЪļ̸·, ӦԪ֮ǰִﾩǡ
վڿһ˵Ĵͷ, һ, һŲ
ڼװϷ, ڼžҹ̶
û˯
תͷѭȥͿβһĺɫӰձȫûŨҹɫУֻйͦεӰ
ŶԷĽŲƽϸĻѣ
筵ӳģٱ
лվ֮ңʱͣ˽Ųľ룬Ҳûת뿪
֮ͷһΣŶԷ
ûˡ
ֻԼ
筡л̧дһ˿С
筱תȴվԭأĬֻ
Ŀԡ
ֱлЩӣһֱһ棬
֪Ϊʲô⼸ܲԸ𣿡筷ʡ
лü΢һ˿Իջҡͷ
΢ת泯Ž棬¹ڽһ⣬˼Լ˵ľҲƽ
ΪǿӣվңңĿ޷
лٲԥ筣֪ҵ˵̫ɡҲһ죬֪࣬ζңңʹҡ
һǼᶨӲ˳벻ǰƫƫϣˡ
鰮ˮƼͲó
ƫƫҪһл֣ȻҲųһ档
Ҫ֪࣬ȴ־֪ࡣ
ڿУ´ǰһʱлʼŭ֮⣬ֿճ־õĳأͻȻµɡ
ҲãԶԶ룬Ҫܸš
㣿ʹ㣿޷ܰתͷлƸȦΧѾ졣
ҧأԼɽίӿͷ
Ŀ
Խǹί޷ʧ
̲סץסǰĴڣ˫ǽڷף˵֪ġ
ƭȴȥ
Ϊ筲ӱܼ޷üŭĿ޷޷˵һĸ֣Ǹɴ֮ӱԡ
ΪԽǲͷίԽŨ
ÿÿգίҪû
һ仰ᣬһŭȴǧɲǼ䣬ѹлͷصĺҪͣ͡
˺ֹ
Сεµ˴ʱһĻ˵ڡ
лͷɬĵӣֱݣ·ࡣ
һιϹŵĴ멱ķɡ
л̧֣ҪѹסѣָȴڽߴӲͣ
ǰŮ
ֵ䣬ǽ޵ģǼղüۼ䴦͸ŲǹɹɵĹʶ˱˲԰׽ɫǹ߳Ľӣ.
ɼЩ죬˼尾
筣Բ𡣡
лƽգһ̣޲Լǧ̣֮
˵޷˵ĻҴ˵ɺá
֮޷ʵݸңΪ֮۫ӣӣҸرҲɲǣŻݣǱߡ
лĻ
ӭͷ¹⣬ϴһ˿Ц⣬ĨЦȥͬӰ
⼸գ˼ȥΪҵɣɡֻǰԼݣŻ
Ҳ˱ѵúͿֺα¿أֻҪӴģֺα׷ס
ѭŵԼġ
ɵ޷
˵ӣ֪ҲͰԼ˵ˣֻҪǵҵĺñ㹻ˡ
Ŀ𣿡
Ӥ˶Ǽٵģ˵ģģȫ𣿡
һһ䣬ƽ
л͹ʱһУݵ΢ȴһУȵøס
ɵͷʶˣǼٵġ
лĬţ˵Զԡ
һ䣬ӤǼٵģлһжġ
Ļ޷˵
˵Ӥ˶ڣ˵ģȫˮ¥̨Ӱһơ
ӯӯ⣬΢ҡҡ׹
лǰַסļԥ뻳УҲѲá
ڣԼľٶͻ
л޷ԼĿ˵ڣ޷֪Ǹ˽ӵԼ
Ϊ˻ףֻҪҵҦɽѣҵǸıܵµıʿ
µ
ɿͷƣһ
ȷʵǳӤ
͸һ˿ҵл۫ӣҳʱ֪ݡֱ֪Ǵݶ²⵽ݣǵĿġ
֮ݣύΪУ̽Ҧɽ䡣
һ䣬
л֪Լ̹ףķӦ
µټ筡
ʥˣӽʱĿĲףֺαԼī
˫ǰˡ
ˣһǷˡ
ǰлȴ·𳹵׿һУǰ̤һһ𽥱ƽ筣ԽԽǰ޷Ŵ
ʶˡ
ɱǴ壬޿ˡ
ĺϣƽԨȴִ񣬺˿ѾܲۿУ⼸Ҳƽ
ܼ尾ô֮ʹء
лīŨܳޣ̧𣬷۵׵ĺ˿һƬ׽ۿȾ죬͸һ˿
˵筣˵У󡣿˭֪ױܾ綾ʦľΣǸ޷ڣ㡣֮λңԸ
֪һֵʱںδ
筽˫֣ͷǰˡ
ŷ·һŻȼգȵˡ
˷·𱻶ԭأֱֻ
ǹºͬǸСԺסǸİ֮ˡ
ԺһƬհס
лȴͬһͷҰޣס󣬽˶ڻУ㣬ξ
⼸գΨŸ
һ˲䣬ӵ૵Ȼл͸İ筡


104 
Х, Ļʵһȡ
𣬶Ų๵ľ
筿, ԺһƬ, ǧͷӿͷ
ֱ˵, ֪Ĵʲô
лԭ, ֱ̲סս, Ҫס
ȴþȫƿ
ͷ, ӭű佭磬ǰˣ˸ȴ̵£ƴһ, ˵Ĵ̫̰ˡҪ֪̽Ϣ, һ, ҡΪƫƫô, Խִ, Ұ㡣
Ӥ㲻ʲôҪ
ˣҲҪ
筵֪ʱŻʹ಻ѡ
֪ƭȴҲ޷Լ, ಩, Щ, , Ҳ޷
лʹൽѵ˶塣
һ侲ƫƫϣһʧ˷ִ硣
лЦһ䣬ʲôܰռȶļƻִУǱû֡筣Ǹ⡣
筣һ㣬֮ҡ
дᣬȴ¶һĨᳰЦ⣺Ӥͨ͸Ųߣһգ˵ҵķӦҲԤ֮У
筲
ŷ֣Լǰ˽֮١
ʵȻʱղ֪
Լ˵ȴ١
ģȴ
Ц£ǿԣԸһеĳӤ
һ£елʡ
筲ٶԣԼŪԼ뷨αٴŶԷʱһ𰸡
Ƭ̣ת뿪
Хޱߵ鷢𣬴תʱ°ڷ衣
ȥͻȻһƷ֮˫Ҫ֮ȴٶȸ졣
л࣬һѽס˺üڰһ죬ǰڴϵ
ֻ죬ȴٴж
˳תһȦΪܣʵʵ
ʲôˣл
̧ͷͿ治֪ʱ˺ü 
ϺüȻǸ˦ģֻͣкˣ˳Ź˴ϵļװ塣
лԷûᣬɴҲϻִָһڣӦ졣
ɱΪ׺ˣϳ
ԭѹУȴһȺ֪ɱֶһǻԹɱ
ϵĴ멣Ϊֱ˦ڳ嵽ǰĺϡ
ҲǸģȻԵ赲ʵֱӽĵסһԷĵ·ק˻
˳Ƴ涸ȻһͷԷ
ԷӦѱѸĵ⣬ͱ䡣
˿ϵѪ罦£筽żһ㣬ɳ
筼л޴ڶΧǰӪȡ
ӵл˵ǰ
ڣнҲǸԵĻƫƫȻڶû
Ҫ筺ǳ⡣
Էͷ֮ˣȻҲԸش⣬Ȼż󽻸ǡ
롣ŭ⡣
ŭżū˽Ǵ뾩̣ǾȻٳղĴֻ޻ء
ôĿҲƾˣס𣿡
筻Цǲѵ
ϴôãǸӶˡ
Ҳ֪ʱֻͣˮϲǰ
ɼ֮²żȻ˴Ļǵı
ÿ͸ϰߣлҲҪѰǰ˴գֻҲˣ˯ѡ
˫һ
ȻӲĵȴ
л岻ֶٴζ䣬ֻ»ϵĹƶ
ֻĵһԱһͻȻͣ£粻ŵʲôˣΪλҵ
筵ŶԷĮʶ
Σͷ羪κӹ

ᰣ
ͻȻ𻤹֮ңκɱ֣ڼ֮Ҳˡ
ٴγ֣筸оһ˿š
ڤڤ֮УһϮ޷ܵࡣ
Χˣ˵ĻȻͬʱ£ԼΣǷ
û뵽ЩĻͣ֡
лǣ˵˵ʮǰıųնᰣ
죬Ǳԩģ֮壬ؿɼǹʵ۾ֵĺˣ񾡣أ߹롣ʵ˶һ첻ú
筽еĳ
ıѹ֤ȷ䣬ЩӣŻ֮£ԩ
лмһ˵Щˡ
Ϊ֮ȴȫδеļӵָлΪҲ֪ݣ۫ӣǻˣȻŹʵ˵֪깷ʵεϵλģûֻ¹ʵѾǧ˰ٻء
ǸҲְֽ̳ġ
лüĮĿԷӵĮ˹䣬ݰյоǸĨڡ
筴δлݡ
汻ڵ
ԷȻҲĿŭ֮裬ұͷ֮顣
Ул
ȴǰ˳ײ筵ȻȲӡ
ȡʤˮỬԷյʱгȴתֱȡԷ
һҪǱȥֻ´Ҫһ
ԷϽˣ㿪ĵ档
ȻҵΪҪ֮ˣлһ壬ĳˡʹļס
ޱĻ˼
ֱ˵Ҳʶ˵ֻҪڣɱҲż󡣡
ҲˣԷҶ֣һֱء
ⲻûоɣͷԽء
ᰣ˭
ͳźŵ߾УǻȥұźŵһǱһڸϵǴϵ͸⻰ҿɲֻŻ㡣
ԭȷʵֹһ
һװŵЩԱ̰ܻߡ˽˽ε֤ݡ
Щ
˷ŭϵźŵ֪ȷʵթԼ
筼ߣ˵ԼЩµ
仰ƺͷ֮ãֻһ֣˾Ȼ뿪
Ǿ筲ŷֲԶмС
ֻΪҹɫ¹⣬ǽɺһƬؼСױ֡
ЩС֣ˮġ
֮ǰл˴˵УȻûִڲ֪ͣ
ŶԷС뿪ʧڽ棬ŷһġ
һתлͻȻȥѸڼװϣ»£׸ѩףŵü͸¶˿̵ʹࡣ
ӡ筹࣬˫סֱۡ
лüͷĸͷϷһ㱡ˮ⣬۳飬
ȥ䣬ֱóһСƿ
æҵĴƿǣʵҪҪԼţ
ҩģɫҩѩģȥЩҪװϡ
ֱһֻ֣ס󣬽͵ԼĴ꣬Ĵ󣬲ĵļ筵΢һɲģһֱݵ֫ٺ
ҩ£ֱֱ筣£Ҳµġ


105 
лƽ, ȴԽѹ
ͷɬ˳ӿ, ϵĹƶ, һֱʹܾ尾
筵ʣһֱδʹӣΪ涾
ҸϢѣɥӣ֮, ĸҸ⿴ءױ㱻ڹУڻ顣ж˵, ԴףҪɱ, ˭֪ҾͳǸù, ⶾ
лɣ·ڽһӡ
筴δϵĹƶ, ġ
ͷ˵ıɬ, ѹɤɻȾһ˿ǻô˶񶾣һСӶŹ
ʹԺ, , ֺС˵¶֮ˣҲѡ
һգգ, ɽί, Ϊ
޷, һγĹƶ֮ʹ
ó˿̧֣ȥ޽Ǻ飬ָⴥգŷ̡
л˿ٴν˫ۣƺڽѹƣƶʹࡣ
筲׷ʣֻ࣬Сϵĺˮ
ʱһȥл״̬ʼƽ
ֱٴ۾ԭܲ˫еѪ˿ʼȥǹɼɫҲʧ
˫һ㯣ȻЦ¡
筣ûߡ
û뵽ʱЦ̲סߵÿ
лҡͷѾûˣȥ˰ɡ
վȥֱۡ
лʵҲûôδƿ筣ǽվ
ߵտڣл̧ס筣ţҽȥ
УҸһȥɡ筵
˶һûǶɣһǲǶҩˡ
㿴̫ĵӣлͻȻŤͷ
ɫȷʵͦȻİǵ˵ܸϵϢҩǴϿ϶ڹڹҲţ¶ҩЩҩǿҩ
лϿֻͻȻüЦµģ
Ťͷһ˼Ҹлģء
Էһһʵۣᵽ֮ˣҲһ֮ԱǵģлôܻǵӦ
Ӧûͷ
֮˪ĹϵôϷԣɢ˲١
筻Ǽָлһռ顣
л̧֣ӡ
һŻعҪԼ˿ֽղŵӵ˹ȥ
л۵£̧֣ϡ
ֱȻ޳˫ƹԴ䵽ա
筸оĲԼϲ˿˿·ĵطִżĦСıȸղŻҪ͵ͳĺڶϸԡ
筰վԭء
ָӵˣϵԺ
عѾջ֡
筼תҪţ˵ô죿
Ҫҩ߶ѱж
лɣйƶҲȫûкôһ㶾ҩȫô
ѹ֡
ڲ鿴ȻҶԼķţһ̽ϢС
ãֻҩ
˳ŴԵʱ򣬸ϽĴ֤ݡ
ģҩҪôʳҪôǷϡ
вͬĲշÿ䶼ȼϣԻӦʳ
ʳϳ⣬ҲýΪֻ筺лûС
лΪڵĹƶܶ඾ҩҩѹá
ЩһֱδʳϻûԶ
˶һ١
Ϊ˷ֹԷǶշźŵ
ҹĴֻûƶ棬Ҳûй̶һ沨Ưײʲô߰ϣҪ군
ںдֻڷͻȻֵźŵǼʱ˹
һֱڶϣҩˣ½½
ֺ´ǰϣ˵֪֮£ɫⲻá
Ǹ֣ЩεҪȥ׷ǰ˵ǶԵģӥ۾ȻҶǽ֡
ˣ¶Ѿˣڵ֮ҳϵӦҪȻҩһΣҩڶΡνҵ£ûԵ
侲˵
ֵͷѾŲճˣ˭˳
䣬
ˣְҪ»
һԼ֮˵
һţ׵лŵ£λˣְŴȥʳˣ֪һӶʧˡ
ʲôʱʧģʡ
ɻˣסںԱߵĴͨ˵˯ǰڡǽϣǱ֮󣬲ŷֶԷˡ
лףɫΪУǴˡ
Ťͷ򸵰֣˵ˣʱ˵֮˶ǽϸɸ飬κ⡣ҽ
һ죬¡
ϥأˡ΢²
ˣҲҪ㡣ֻ̫֮ƣǶԵЩ˶⣬һ˵Ͷڱˡ
лʼյȻԽԽ޵ݡ
²ӡ󣬿ǳ¡
Ҳָ־ΣǰлҲһ¡
ǻǽʹλǸ׸ƷСƹ٣ôôʹ˼ҡ
лҡһ䣬ӵ¡
Уһ±ر
лǰأλ£Լָµ¡ɽƨûأֱĵˡ
޲һͱڹ
£ӽ𣬱ְԴѲЩС֮ٴвµİΣ
л˵˵
ԱߣʦôлǰһֱĬ
ֱִ뿪˴գ´ǰվʱͻȻŤͷлʵ£ǵѾ¶βˮ·Ļ½·
½·ʱҹζࡣҾһۣԷҲ
лҡͷܾ´ǰ顣
´ǰԵͷǡ
˵գֵ΢ˡ
뿪վлŮҲˡ
лҪȴѾ׷´ǰȥһţֻһԭء
˷ţ´ǰŤͷʵʲôҪ˵
´ˣһʣ֪ɷͷ
´ǰЩ֣Ҫʣ
ЩҲˣӵ֮Ĺϵǳ˵λʹҲǾʶ
ȥˣȴƫƫ
δܾ˵˴˵֮ء
Ҳͷ֮֮󣬴ϵÿ˶ɡ
ϣƽȴӿ
ȻȷʵʧһˣǸľҩףϾһССӶı¡
筸´ǰһ·װϡ
װңϱһһĲˣƶŴֻͣǰ
䣬ȴõĻ˶ڰ͵
ϾֻҪҪǣͻᱻ˷֡
筷ʵ´ˣ֪֡


106 
´ǰĳһĨ侪ȵ, ͳĶˣɣϲŭɫ, ΪȻ
ƼɫҲ¡
Сʣ֣ǲ᲻ã
, ´ǰͷңұػ˵һ, Ҳ֪
΢΢ס
һе´ǰ˵ֻɼֵı, ϶һѪȲ̵Ĺ¡
´ǰԶ˼һ˵Ӧò֪ڸ׸˴ˣҵʦ, 붼ԺҲܹ˴֮
ںʱ, ˴, ʱ, 鷿﷢һ֡
ᵽ£´ǰ䵭ӣҲ޸п
񻹼ǵǸ֣һ, ʷ, , Ľ֮, ֻǿ, ·ܸܵ±֮ˣг֡
´ǰһ𺳣þ᲻÷¡
ֱ֣ŷԼʧ̬æ
ûʵհΣ
´ǰٴ˼ãѧãֺ׳ƻֺ꣬дֵıǺ֮ˡ
ȻҲˡΪϧģнӹ֡
λ֮˵һĵ׸ϴ޾ĸл۾Żϵ֣ƺҪ͸֣Ĺˡ
´ǰδʦ㣬̲סʵʦ֪Ǻ룿
֣ʮǰ쳹£˵ֻѾû˵ˡ־˵ˣ̲סȥ¶
ֻǹһ룬ͻȻ˵Ϊûӡֻһá
Ҳ´ǰֵĵطղ򿪣֮󣬾Ѱĩβ뿴Ǻд
Ϊ֣д£Ҳһš
ƫƫʲôûС
ʦԽô˵ҷԽ֪λţдһˣɼбǬ壬õ
ѽֻ¾ãֻϸϸϣ̾һϧ˶ʮꡣ
´ǰȣΪΣ
ΪѾ
´ǰ֪дֵˣΪᰡ
˵£Ķ˲˺档
´ǰ̧ǰһƬĿ֮ԶˮɫһߣȷʵǸĺó
ʣӵ˵ıѹųնģ
´ǰҲСĲĹ֮£ֵǣϣȫٻ١˵ıѹĴųնҲһ¾ڡǹıһоڣԲڶԺ
签ȣںδ
ʹ
ǰǸʲôˣ
´ǰѾڣޱ˵ᰳԺգȴٳʮδ֮䣬ܱˣ걱Įһ䣬һ£ԭԵҲΪְ˲ŷֱһֱ꣬ϡ
ǲ˧ţʱȵλĩꡣǰ֮й֮޲ʶЧ˵ʥϡ
筳ѹǸ˵ûûнϡ
ԭġ
ֻϧ˵Ұ޷ֹģһ˧ţҲ˲·
´ǰ޸п
̧ͷʣ´ˣҲıѹ
´ǰɫ侲ı֮˾ʥԹĿܶûܽһݺһس
֪᰹λʥ׷Ϊ±Ԫ˧
üͷֶԣֻǸ˵İ֡
ڤڤУȴҪ˵ʲô⡣
㿴ҵҲǱԩģҲ̰ðս֮ϣ۸ӣˡ
´ǰ˵ĻͻȻͣͷֱ
ǻ׷ǱԪ˧ݺôֻһˡ
һͼԼ侲
´ǰ˵Ҳ֪ǴӺδ֣ҿԸ㡣¼ˣ󣬱ʷ٣һмضĨȥһλʷٲӣʥϱɱһˡ˲ӣɱˡ
ʷʷپ¾֮ࡣ
¡ǿƾϿ֮»Եǻ֮ͷһβĴɱ䡣
𾪲ѣȺٴ󳼣ڽǵǰĹ㳡ϡ
ʱҲﲻѡ
¡ֻ棬ڽǵϣԼӣ¡ۻǶ档
һŭʬǧ
´ǰѵֻǺˣ꣬ԺҪҪȻֻ޾鷳
û뵽´ǰӣȻ
ͷ˵´ԣ筼С
һιʱ筷޵鷢裬˿Ʈʱ´ǰѣͿԼһĨڷ
תͷ˳ȥ
ŷԼһƳ֪ʱı۰򴦡
筸Ͻָ˳ԼĳǸǸ´ˣͻˡ
޷´ǰ䡣
վڴߣ֮Щԡ
£ǣ´ǰͻȻʵǰʶΪҪ¡
˵ĻлӦöᰵ飬Ҳ֪ࡣ
£΢ͷָٴη˷޷˵ǰҲ£ӵ¶ðȻ֪˵µݣȻٶ߶š˼ȥֻܴ´ˡ
´ǰ죬˵ͷ
֮䣬һĬ
׼ڸǣͻȻӣ˵š
գգ۾Щ
´ǰתͷһŰµϣȻ¶һ˿Ц⣺֮£߶š
ס
պﻹ£֪ѯʺˣֻұá
´ǰǶ˷֮ˣŮ֮£ǴްԽءҵżý̤ƣԻаġ
˶ʮ꣬Ӳ֪ĶΪεˡ
Ȼڴʱ˿̣ͷһζһһΡ
΢΢̧ͷϴŴ㵡
´ǰŤͷԼ䵭Щ˵ݰڣһֱδܱպ£հะ
У筵ȣǱڻ¯˿
ãžŵ´˺α˵Ļ´Ҹԩ´ҲʶңһӦ¡飬ֻ´˵ĶҴˡ
˵꣬ٲҶϽת뿪
´ǰվڼװϣɺ档
һֱ˵հ䣬ǵɶ֮ˡƺǲȻһĮ
´ǰͷһ̾
תͷл
һϹ䣬ƫƫϣȴɡ
Դϴ֮㿴ӵ֮ĮȻ޷Ʊģǰ̽һ
л´ǰ͸⣬´ˣɻǵãǷһ
֮´ǰʱ̲
лԼͣһЦ
˵ҵˣҵı𣿡
´ǰȻ֪⻰Ӻ˵𣿡
лһһ٣أᡢࡢǺ⣿
´ǰɫݲϧ֮´ǰûڵ֮պֻҪһԸֻҪΥɷ´ǰѡ
һΥɷ
лЦˡ
´ǰĮ밢δý֮ԣĸ֮ȴá´˾ӣպطִ֡
˭֪Ļû´ǰüͷ΢š
´ǰʣУ󲻿ԣǵµĻ£ɵԼ𣿡
л΢
ָͷһ˿ɱ
´ǰȴֻǴ·˿δܵлϱŷɱ⣬ƽƽǳ¶ԣˡ
лȴһɿƣ˫ֱŤŽ档
֮£衣
һʾˣ˶Ϊ۫ӣǲ쳾Ȩ֮ˣȴݣҲҪš
и߸ϵʥˣѻĴԿյľ硣
лȴ˿´ǰ֪顣
һ仰ưԡ


107 
֮, ִŽˣҹغ򣬳ʳˮ, һһ顣
Ƿƽ˾ĵ˾ǡ
ֻͷͣʱͷĴʯͷ
´֮ǰ, ˷ܲѣ˵С, ǾȻԪ֮ǰ˾ǣ˵ǵԪڱжˡ
˵ģȤʵʱϵˡ
Сһ죺Ҳû, ǾʿǶԾ˵Ԫڵƻᣬ֪һرĵط
Ц㻹ԼԪһͬƻ᣿
۾һ˿ţô˵©ˡ
ڴƳ, СڸֱŤˡ
Ҳȷʵĺܹ, ƭСôá
ǰ𰿴, Сĵ׻ϲӵġ
͵͵, ԪڵʱȰСƻᣬǿӦ
úŰɴ, 밢һͬ˴
˭֪ߵ, ͼһȺ·, ͷӶ, ۷׷ס
򽫾ǹ֮, մгûãǰߴ̡
ɲǣЩҰģһ쵽ԭĴúɽ
ֻǿ˱߾գҪЩӵӡ
ֹǴı߾գЩԭϵҲ꣬ǰЩӲиԭϲӣƴϳƽҡ˵Ϊɹ˶ɱˣŮ˶ˡ
Щ˵ˣߡ
ֻ·ʱЩۣȻվס
תͷԷ̲סλɣ֪˵򽫾λ򽫾
ԭѾ߳ȥһξļˣͷһƣǸ
һλ׷ЦλС򽫾Ȼǳƽүջǰ򽫾УЩϰնȥˡҲǸմǱ߹ЩʱȴҲֵá
ǣǣƼ׳棬Ȼֵá
筱Ϣסվԭأö˵
ôᣬ
Щ˻ΪΪûƼĳϧȰ˵СеĳûƼǻ˵ˣүʤţΪүӷ硣
ȴû˵꣬Ťͷܡ
ֻһȹܵĸѣֱԱ˩ŵҲ룬ǰһӣһƥ
лϵʱͿﳤȥ
Ťͷʻɵվŵİ𰣺ô£
𰼱ӣЩ˵Ǻүմճ˳ǣСһͼˡ
лüΪ˷ֹһ·ϱ˷ټһ·϶ûͨš
˭֪Ȼ
ǣ˹лϣнһ·׷ȥ
ǰͷҪƵôҿͷڳ⣬Źٵһ·񱼡
һ뿪Ļ̫١
Լ̫л׷
筣֪һС·ɳ
ǴߵĿ϶Ǵ·оٶȱȻǰʱҪ׷׷ϡ
筵ͷл࣬ӹٵС
С֦ܲӲݴһ·Уż֦̽ա
ϱһĿӣѪ˳˿Ҳʹ
С·񱼣筴ֵĲ棬׺زӡ
һӣǺǴ
زӣ򽫾һǰͷӣܼ𣿡
һҪѰŮӣͼѡ
û£ܼǸǰͷӰɡ
˵꣬һӣٴǰ
筴СľͷȻֱֱϵ˴ǰ
ͷӵʿ֣ǰͷȻͻȻһһ
ٶһһС
ûǰǰ£˵Ȳǰ
λˣҵһ档
Уξһüͷһ壬˵ǰýʿ˸ΪǶϷ𣿡
üҵǡ
ҲǺˣɽУξ˽
ֱлƣҪү
УξһƣצݵĽм䣬һָ۫ۡ
λˣֻܸ򽫾˵ǰ
筲ԸǿλУξϾҲ¡
˿Уξ֣ôһ˲ľȣáã¹ȥ潫
ˣվڹٵԱߣǰһͷĶ顣
ЩʿϸĮԶ磬ԶˣֻΪػһƽ
ңȴͷһμ׳ĳ档
˵Ķ飬ӣŲ¡ж֮ĳ
ͻѪֱ
һ̣޲ԼҲǸж޲Ķ顣
߷·Ĺս˻
ֱһһ񱼶
筿ˣɿǰܡ
ƥҲڿʱסǰȻźصıףݣԭıףƺЩ䡣
ǰһץסֱۡ
ǰŮ۾ϲͼ˵˺ü䣺áãû뵽֮ǰܼ㡣
ŮТû̷ҡӯ⣬Ȼ
Ļϲϸϸƣ˵ǰεʱ̫ˣûܺúҵơ
ĳˣƯˣ㻹ҪƯ
Ŀ˵͸żġ
ϵĦ˼£Щѹֻϧǿ㳤ǵԲ㡣
ûУûУƴҡͷ
ڲ֪УѾ£һΪΪĴӢۡŮֻ
Уһʱ䡣
һ֪˶ٿͷ˶һȦֹ
˭뵽ճãȻֱٴĮ
Ҫϵᣬһ֣ԼѾűһ룬մֻո۶Ƶá
ϽջԼ֣ĥա
ʱžƣôˣ
ֲ˲ϵˮҡͷ˵û£Ҹղʱ򣬲Сı֦˵ģҪ̫ġ
̾һ
ܲģȻ֪Ѳĵ׵ǸСŮ֪Ѿ
ر֮Щ飬֪Ϊ˾ԼԼԩϧȥ˵Źġ
ĵ̫ǿպ˿ͷ
˵ƣҲҪߣ߾ȣҰȻңٲǣֻպ
صʲô飬ѵ޽һһֱ֮УԾͷ˭˵һ仰ΪƫƫҪ̵ʱ򣬾Ҫɳȥûлָ
签Щʿ͢


108 
һս֮, £˭顣
ۿƴ, в˴ɽ, һס, ȥ
Թŭ, ס˫֣, ˱, ΪԸ
筺ͷס˺һ, ΪҪ
һЦܳηƱãֻܿաΪڱ߾ʮأܿűҡҴա
֪ʱٵ˷硣
Хе촵, ;ʿ, һǰ
筽Ťһ, ģ, Ҽ䣬˲۽ǣֻǲ꣬ۿβһƬ
ƣúչԼһġ
ҡͷײõ, ߹ؿຮ, ֻδ׿, һҪԼ
һЦ, ٶЩȴƳվһԵл
㵿ǰӣһͻȻ㵵ӵ¡
үл
Щ⣬Ϊ۫ӻһ֮ǰ󣬵֪Ļգ߳һλԣƶĹӡ
ϲȥ
˽¶¡
ҲĻпЩҵĹӸ磬δؾˡ
δĻ£ѲٿؼֻҪԷƷأܹһϧ筣Ϊأ¼ҾƶЩΪףᷴԡ
Щǣ˵ȥݿֵ꣬Ϊֻ۫һ˵λ̹أ
л˵ү˷ǰĮʵ˴֮٣Ӥֻκүյʤ
Ӥ
ڹмλӵ¼棬ȴϤżֻƬ
ģӹҪŶ֮¡
ǻЩлױڻУҪŵҲ⡣
´ʱо;Уɲϸʣ̲ס֪СŮôʶģ
𣬽ͷƫһԣװ羰
һ侲лƺסˡ
ȴû˼ɣ˵ǰƵĴ˵֮һֱһλҾƶȴƷصĳ̹ߣ
⻰Ѿżˡ
λ̹ӣǵ°ɣ
Ȼϵ
û뵽Լ͸ģȻ䣬Ͳµˡ
ʱոƽǰһɫ˿۵лĳ಻׸ԣٱ֮
λȨأʶ㣬֪˫ȫҹӣЩ뺷͵ӣҲϡ
ҲЩлķ˳ڣֻվһ⣬̾
ӣŮ֮ͣŮ
ֻϣһƽ˳죬ش󸻴µͼЩҲνȻҲͬմӵĻ¡
һմӣسеΣպ˻ܴӲзֳ
򵥵ҲǷ֮С
û뵽ԼһսܣŮ췭ظ
筵͵ƽĹһȴ̤һԼΣԸ̤ϵ·
л΢շһ˿԰ףã˵ҵȷʵݣƭ
˿̲ٷЩ
㡭
ЩܻɫջŲͣȻҲû뵽תתȻôһ
΢۾¿֪ݲң˿Ĺϸ𡣡
رңⱾ͸Ƿţ༰
ӦǱӵ˫
ǳûϰĵĿģὫԼŮ޸л
תͷһԵ筣һֱδڵСŨܳ޲ס޳˫٣ѩ͸һĨ޷ȥʹࡣ
лɫү֮ϣ޾ԡΣҪȢ˭ס
֮ԣʵ̫Ϸҡҡͷʾ޷ͬ
˲֪뵱λʥϣǱ֮ۡʱʶ
Խϵ˵Ǹ˽⣬ǿƣи಻һɳӣôлȢԼŮ
ԣл˿˵Ļ˻ûײǽʱľǿˡ
ϼмΣΣͳΣ׵ܵܶڻ£˵׵ܵܵĶӡ
ײˣײˣײ֪ʲô¶Ǿ͸ˡ
лƻҪ˵ȴŤͷ˵ƣ㵽Աȥµ˵ϼ仰
筶˶꣬ûٿڡ
ԹǣԱ˼
̧ͷлɫ££֪СԾͷݣҴδδɷʲôУ֮Ҳ֪뾩֮ܵշݶ飬ĳģպ󶨵µĶ顣
л̲סüͷ䣬ΪԼЮͼ
ɿڵһδ𡣡
̧֣ʾ԰꣬˵Ȼ֪Ʒأֻպ²һУִҪȢơʱȻù£ȴָֻǺջˮҲԸŮϣ಻Ը±ǵȵز
л̲סƣԣһֶ޷
Ϊ˵ģǶԵġ
ҿ£Ӧһ¡
лƽϢͷӿƽ˵
ɴҪӦңûʮ֮ǰʥ顣ǵһֱıľ棬նԵ־룬԰á鰮ãȴֻԸҵŮƽƽ
սлͷϣȴ޷ɢĵ
֮ԣȻпᣬȴԼ뵽⡣
лҪһ𣬾޷رЩ⡣
ãл˵ãҴӦү
Ҳү֤Ҷı棬ҵĻ£ҲΣ֮Уһᱣ
˰ϵ⣬᳹Լˡ
ǱȽҪġ
ֻȢҪȢˡ

һԴţ񻹲ͣǱƮȥֻͣŽµСʯӣֱ˹
˵ʲô̲סʵ
һЦô۸ɡ
ŤͷЩɬȻǣˣᱻ۸ȥ
ԣҲЦ
ֱ筣˵ƣҪˣܸ͵Ŀļˡ֮ǰ㣬Ҳȴһ׮¡ֻҪӦһ£ܵʲôʱһҪԼ
üЩĶ
˵ֻȥ̶ѣôʰЩ˵ģӦôʰαҪ˵ɥĻȻǿ󣬿ô޷ͻ ֻҪеڣܱյİΣ
ٴοЦ筵ķĿֿǰС
ˣˡ
˵仰ͷҲرǰ
ͷѾ߳·սҲûعͷ
̲סǰ
ֻܿӰԼǰΪһССī㣬ֱҲ


109 
վԭ, Ķ飬ϵǰ
ͷʣȴеˮ, һ, ֻǰĶ飬ĵĬĬ, Ըյʤ
֪˶, лǰһ, ᰴס筵ļ, 筣ǻȥɡ
ѾʧԶվڴ˴, Ҳֻͽ޹
筵˵ͷ, ׼, ȴͻȻ̧ͷлʵ, ҵ˵ʲô
л΢, ޴, סеɫ
ֱٴ̧ͷɫɵûʲô, ֻҺúչ㡣
ɣȻЩţֻǼ˵ô仰
ǲô׷, лڿڡ
лȻȷ, , ȻһЦǱһ, Ӯңȵͷ
Ҿʵ㡣
ưĻ筺ǺһЦٲԥ
žһ
лһֱǰ筽
筼ͷʱŤͷл͵𣺡͵Ÿʵʵ˵ɡ
Ůת࣬ɳĮﶯ˵γɾĿ
лתעɫٵ䣬ŷĶ־Ҳ˼Ѫԡ
һץһޣŤͷЦ筣ҿɲΪǸ㡣
ñ뷨筺ЦҪȻԿġ
筹вľҪȻһŮӣҲҵĵز
ŮӣҦɽδŮӽ
˵Ů򡷡Ů롷飬û
ҦɽҵĺܣʱˣҲܽϡ֮ǰʤ̣ҦɽҲ֪ĶϣȻһս
ʱǳȥСｻʣҲǸ롣
βδСߣŹٵһ·ͷ
Ȼͷ˲֪Ϊ뿪лͻȻˣû˸˽뿪
ǸЩżȥҲֻͷϼš
С㡣ۼ⣬һ۾Ϳˡ
˭֪Ƽһס
ǰֻһлͷйЦ⣺筣ˡ
Ķõѡ
Ը׿ƥˡ
˵С㣬ǵˣղ׿Ѿ
筣
Ǻðɡ
һ۰ղŵָָǣ
䲻ָûʣǰǣͷƥɫĸͷĳᣬ͸һɿƵ͵ʵ۵ĸ
˵С㣬Ǻǻȥˡ
ȤĿڳҵһСĳƽ
ʵۻǹ죬òʱԥĳҶ
һ𸴣ƽľλһˡ
筺һЦô˵ǺĵСˣ
գգ۾ر˵ѽСǺĵСˡ
߰ɣǻغɡ֣û࿴лһۣ̤ﳤȥ
лվԭأȥ
һԡ
Ŀл̲סʵӣղ˵ˣʲôˣ
лɫȻƵûʲôֻ˸ģӮˡ
ô赭дЩûһס
ɴ۾ŵ£ʱȻӮ
Ϊƭһ£ǵʮնûú˵á˵ʱݣС
˵ģҹӾȻӮ˼С
ӮӮˣرȥһ
ĵĬĬ²ۣ˭ء
*
ԭȥոһˣϾȥôá
ĳȴ˵ڼе
ʻƽſʱ筿ǰϤԺţǰǶʮʯʨӣɻ
ƽڵı䵴ʼûӰʯʨӡ
筼Ȼſͣ£ɵôڴ˴ͣˣƫĶ
Ŵ󻧵ţ˻ɥ֮⣬ֻرҪʱ̣ŻῪ
ȴС㣬С˷Ըūŵġ
ȻЩ֣ȴǹԹ
ûһƺҲϢתľ޴죬򿪣ѾСԶս뻮һ
һ糺ɫٻ˿ȹ磬Ķˣ
㣬ôô¡ءЩ졣
ǣ֣Цһ˵ǰͶǻŶ롣ͷһλغί㣬͸š
һֱݣò˵
ҲίЦ
ס֣˵߰ɣƣؼˡ
ؼˡ
̶֣签Ȼʮ꣬ΪŮȴδںһ죬Ļؼˡ
վźŮСˣߺӭСؼҡ
ЩСŮظеģǰҲ뽫Щһǹȥһ࣬ЩѾżС뿪ǡ
ЩˣҲǸաػδѧ㡣
筻Ȼ˺̧ͷλ
ⲻ筵ģЩ̲סӿָ֮̾ǰֻ˵дòôһƣȻò֮ʢ֮ϡ
ֵػʢʱϴΪ򵥣ȴ˿Ļò
ǣ筵ƣһ·߹ƽǰͻ԰ԼСԺ˵Ժպסģ֮󣬽Ҳŵġ
ɫһ
Ϊ˵£
ڣ˵ӵ飬͸˵Ҳ˵ѹδķǲʲôйӣֻҪԷƷأܹһĻ㣬㹻ˡ
ԴԼʧܵĻ֮Ѿһж
˵ŵҪ뷽޵ŵԡ
֮󣬷޲ʩԮ֣侮ʯʧѡ
筲Լĺ󳾣Լ˶
ҡͷ˵ˡ
գһЦôȥһݣǰҪ˵һ䣬ֻҪ˵ʮ䣬ӳӶ̡
ѹûʲôӡͻȻ筰
һЩʲô˼ӳˣ
ס筵ƣʣƣŻ㣬ǲݳʲô飿
ǵģԭ˵
£֪ģһֱڴһԶ˵ˡ
筴㣬ճ̡
ɴ˫ۣһ˫컺ĺ͸˵ľȡ
ҲгӤ׼ȷЩ˵лǽ׵۫Ķӣ۫ӵ¡


110 
ʧɫ, Σһ仰û˵
筼̫Ȼ°Լųô, ˵㣬˵һֱƭ, Ҳࡣ, ǸǷ
һǷ, Щζ
仰Ļع, ʵʲô˼ӱˣ
ϰ߽лӣһӵ£ȷʵѽгڡ
仰Ҳסˡ
϶, 򵥡
дֽҲʣȴ̸ס
лûôľ, δʱ, ˵һϣࡣ
Ϊ͹֮ʱл
ڲԼ, ȴ, Ϊ, գЩ
筣Ҳͷһûͷ
˵Ҳ֮, ޷
̲סȰ筣֪¶˵, ϶̫𾪡, 뾩, һֱ㣬㣬ݣֻҲ֮
㣬ôˣΪʲôһֱ˵Щ⡣
筵ķޣ˵ûʲôֻǾã֮ҩɾȣĺãҲС
ۿҲЩԾҪʣȴǿջЦңˣûϴţЩ顣
˰ʳ󣬱ϽϢ
ϵʮգէȻصУ롣
лߣδֱ۫ʹ
ֻǰżȷ˽˸֣˵ˣ˷ǽУԵҲܣһҪġ
ֻܷģôС¶ǽڰҡ־Ͳؿڱ֤
лȴζ¶СǰĲģ﷭Ҳδ˵
һ졣
֪л֮ǰϼҩ֮¡
лֶŸմӴϱѺżһܶľֻжϿһС͸
ˣǰ筵ʦֻ֣Ҫ㽫˷ܺãŻʡǰҩ֮£Ҳᵱδ
û뵽лԼһ棬񣺡л¡
л뿪ͷ
ͷʹв̵ľ룬лڳϣĿ
˻ʹһ·ϳ衣
ѵ
źţ볯£ϲڼ̷ߡ
ͷС̫࣬һСܹѹ˵үүӵ»ˣҪϡ
Ӵ
ԭŷۣ棿
Сֵ̫ͷĶҵ飬Ͻ߳ȥ
һ棬ƼлһѰװ磬£Ǹջ빬ˣ
֪ϴʱпټңлʵ
Ͻ͵£ڸλ£ֻ»ҪԵƬ̡󣬲ȵƫЪϢ
ѵƫм䷿󳼵Ⱥõġ
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ż̰īӣ֮⣬һֶԼҡ
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ջЯףϹɽƣôء
۾ʱ䣬ͦεվ
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111 
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ֻǳŻ, ôǹӡ
ģ̲סվԭ, Ҫ֡
ȻԼΪǸ֣Ҳ˲л˵, תߡ
ǰ˳ӿȺ, ܿʧĳס
Ȱع, Ա̯λ궫, 筡
ȴԼҹﲻˡ
л뿪, ˵ƣ˵ֱлĴ, ôһǰߡ
ΧЦﲻϣرСӡ
Сӱ˳ҹߣ˶ӿڼͷ۵ĺͯڴ˵ļϣѰҪ߳١
ȺķҺǵע⡣
лһ·ǰкӱ
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ʵ۱κ˶ϡ
һմȨƣ㣬ҲŲ¡
֮ǰܽһУ˵ܽҩ»һܽҪĶ
ǧ˶ΪͷѪɺӡ
ǾȨκζȨơ
Զ˼˫ֱ󣬵ĲЩ׳Ѿ˥ϡˣѵͿΪλҪһֱǣ
˶΢۾ƺ⣬Ǳ˴ƺ⡣
̫Ϊ󣬿ĻӵȨҲСԭƺ⣬ȶľ棬˴ǣƣ˭
Ǳһ紵éٿĶС
˫ֺ£˵κΪһ£ȦⱲ군߻ϾЩ˶ǲģڳ˵ʲô
ֻңֻҲ游ʶԿ̫ӡԽԽ˷ܣֻҪҶԸʻãͲ׶ҡ
ۿ˷
Զ˼ȴһˮ
Ĺţûת۵ĻΪҪ㣿ֱǳΡ
סã˵תۣʲôתۣ
̫ӷ˱㻹ء
̲סüͷ֮£׮׮ɱͷ̫ӷ˱ǡ
̲סɴ˫ۣһۣѹı棿
һλ磬ı֮Ĵʲôܶҡĵλ
һʣ˸ѵյʲô
̫治˼ǿҲҪл誵ϻλ
Զ˼Ҳܻ䣬˵κ󣬶̫ʱǳ⣬̫ձΪĺԹû뷨𣿡
̫ͽδܵõʥϵĿ϶ű
Ϊδ档
δؾû뻢ıƤԶ˼
ģЩʵ˸ǲѾ̫ӵİѱ
ҪȻΪξ˸Ҫ˵ء
Զ˼תͷˣȲҪ̫ǡӵ´֤ˣҪĶ°ӣֻҲҪ֤һǻʱı
ʱ³çˣһж˸
*
һҹԪڣֱҹ룬ȺŽɢȥ
筻صʱƣĻԸིժηϴ֮󣬸Ͻ˴ЪϢ
ֻû뵽һ˯ԺΡ
ԹߵĽǶȡ
ϱػأٲȻȫǶڽϣʱ˱ӼϳҺϣࡣ
ΪĴϣƲˡ
м߹޲üβˡ
תۼ䣬ƺֹ˺ЩӣָЩֻǸı
ǽŸʾЩſµԴһŽһš
˵̫ôö˶˵ľıءֻһֹ
˵꣬˸Ͻ㲻ҪˣЩǵץˣСķ˿࣬ץȥ
Сĵ㲻ˡ
˴ԼҲʵڱﲻס۲
˵̫ıⰸӣʮǰһǣ
ʮǰʲô󰸣иʵ
˵̲ס룬ҡͷЩ˵׻Ǽʶ٣ǿ֪ᰡ
Ǻˣ
ɳ̾һڣ˵˵Ҳ
̫Ǵ̫ӱϣҡö˱ˣʱ̫ӵѡ
תֲ֪˼¡
ڳƺԽۿҪΪ̫ѡ
룬ַһ£ʷѪ˵Ĳ֪ż˽˽һѲ˸ϵ
ǵͥó֤ݡ
ǶʸڽƱ磬֤ɽ
һʱ䣬ĶҲһ㸲νǲܡ
Ƹ궼һ˲֮䡣
ֻº¡۵ƺϵıʻ壬һ²齼䣬ڳ޴ʱһվ˳
ƺ̫ӺͶ֮ºٲԼĶӡ
Ȼ˲ǻӣɻʵ۷βѣ֮ˣڸ֮䣬һͬϡ
˴Ȩ㳯Ұɱϣ˸Ҹۡ
˲ֱֻùһ¡
ֻϧȨƺûк³
֪˼ֻ꣬߸̵ʱ䣬ϻʵƺˣ˼ȥǾõλôԼĶӡ
ֻǳ֮ѱȨգϻʵΪԼĶܰȫϴλ
ˡ
һ֮ɫѪɫ֮͢Ļ
-
筣筡
Ϥڶ𣬿۾ΧһŨ˫Žס
Ҳ߲ãҲã·ҪԶƬС
ߵƺ
һֱ
筣筡֡
Ȼ˫ۣΧһƬڴһֻؿʹٺ䣬㣬ÿһ˵Ŀھ͸ۡ
۾򴲱ˣлһδĻ󳯷üĽ
ˣˡվԱߵİ𰣬ϲ
ŷԾҪֻ̧֣أֱ۶ʹ
лѣһ̽̽Ķͷ̵ļһֻ֡
ľ·筳ѹ
ֻ񣬾ȻһץסƣڸϺõĳֱϻˮ
л΢΢һ㶣Ϊסôˣǲǻģ̫ҽ˵ֻҪѹûʲô󰭡

Ȼ˲ǻӡ
˲ֱֻùһ¡
˲ǻӣȴ¡
ȨݣȻҡ
л۫ӵ¡


112 
˷·ˮ̳, ͷϸ޷ˮմʪ϶ϸ
ĵĻ, ֻ˯һѡ
ֱ̧л, ôˣ
¶һˮ, ššӣлֽӹͷ£ϸ, 񳿷˸գһֱ, ˯ڡ
筱˱۾һֱڻԣ
ɲǣС㣬ˡһֱ˵λһƣͨ죬ͷ̡ҸϽѴСָ򡣡
ߴߴ˵ţԴۡ
лüͷ, ӻ, ʾȳȥ
˶ȥ, סл֣˵ôãͷʹܷһ𣿡
л˵ͷ, Ĵͷ, Ƚס, ˴
ֱۣɸǰһڣһתĸоһᵹлı
лĲԾס˵廹̫ˣҪǿ

ʱ̧ͷ⣬Ȼģ
ԿյɫֻƳγνӰɫʣǴżٳɫѾٽʱˡ
ѹְ˵һֱԡ
лƺķԼУĦͼЩ
ȴԼУǰҲΡ
ûһΣ㡣
ͺ̽ɶ
һ飬ڲϻ﷢顣ξʵѾٻɣϾÿĻɶᱻʵ֤ʵ
ãѾ
̫ӻǶһֻŵС
л֮Уξһա
뵽筵˵Ӥ˵֪кζ
ʵҦɽ뿪ʱҹ̸
ֻʱѾ֪лʵݣһʱ䣬Ҳûüϸ˵¡
ס֣˵˹ƶǣ˿
˿ǣһȫһƶ壬ǧ˿ơ
ʱգɼǵлϹƶĻ

Ҧɽϣ̾һԭһλ̹ӣ
һ죬εԲʶ˲塣
Ҧɽ΢΢ҡͷֵܹ㣬ġλ£ûֺһֱ㣬ûлҲΪ档
üͷ塣
鷿ҡҷŮ𪾧Ө͸Ųʺʹ࣬ɻĳ֮С
ãˮ΢¶İʵĺʶ㣬֪ϵĶν⣿
˵λϵĶҵʱҦɽ˵ڡ
𾪡
Ҧɽӵж۫󵽵ԶʦʦĴʺ񣬲̵⡣취ԶʦҽͨҽǸͷ֣ǿ
ѰҩĻ֢״˵ҲɣԶʦΪ÷ʢ䣬ʶ㣬һϳ֮ɫ䡮ǣ˿֮
ǣ˿֮ҲǵԶʦԭַֻ˶֮ǧϸ˿ƣһʼֻж֮˵ģΪĲᶾʱһ΢Сľٶ𶾷
Ҳδ˵ĶǶƺǹơ
ǹƶһ㶼ʢϱ֮ء
̲סʣʲôϸСľٶ𶾷
ҦɽȻҡͷ֪Ϊδ֪ŻԵԽ¡Ŵ˶һЋSƣ۸񼫰󣬵ʱ໻ȡֱһǣ˿֮£ĶӼλ֮ΧСS塣
˴΢û뵽˶Ȼǣô
ʱɢċSˣ˷ģһ𡣡
Ǻǻ𣿡̲סʵ
ҦɽͷȷʵˣһֱȱˮˮԴ˵ҪġҲ֪SôرصˮԴԴͷȻ¶
ԣ㵵ĵɴ˫ۡ
塢ˮԴ¶Ϊǣ˿Ĺƶǣô˵
˫һSʣˣ׷ɱδйϢǸСҲΪ̫ˣҷһ³
ҦɽƺһĹ£µҲǲ쳣
˵ȴһֽ飬˵Sֹ֪ƶĽⶾ֮
Ҧɽһ̾ΪҲƶĽҩԶʦŻ׺ݰԵĹ
һҩʱѹڵǣ˿ϰֹȷʵáһ˵ֶˣٶڶ
ʮֶж֮ʱʮꡣϵĹȷʵ˹ƶ㷽ᵽļ״̬ʲô
筽һлҦɽ
˵һμʱ׿̽ϢҲδֱ̽ҲϢȫޣ֮⣬˺޶¡
Ҧɽ̫飬ƶȷʵγЧ
ȴƽʵѵûа취ܽǣ˿֮𣿡
ǣ˿֮ͻᷢ
лʮ漣үپˣҪһ³
Ҧɽ֪ⶾǴ˶׽⣬Ͳ֮

筣ôˣлԶٴλ
֮ǰһֱԼ
Ѳֵһᡣ
μ빬͢μ棬ͷԺи筱ض΢΢졣
лȻܸоķӦʣǲֲˣ
ȴ͵ץסıϵ˿
ӤһȥĮɣȥȥܽϹƶĽҩͷһ
лεȴֻһ֣ȴ˳Ų˸ȫ
ָ֣ḧϵۣʣйأεҶ
һֻû˵ڡ
̧ѹ촽ϣƺ֣赭д˵
лԼеŮһ㱡Ḳס˸ɫ봽ɫԲ԰ֽ
һ٣ٶԶ筣гһգԼ塭
лѹںԼʱ°ƲԹҲӲ
ų˴Щ餱˻Щ
ڷг󣬱Ϊ翴͸ԼˣѾ㹻̹Ȼ
ֻ֮ǰҪЩˣһµ
ʦ̾Ϣ˵֮⣬Ϊȴ޷֮ء
лûΪһֱŵɡ
ʱϾҪϾʹ࣬Ҫһ֮ʹ
̫ʹˣֲôúԼ׵óѣлЩ˵ЩԺĹˡ
ΪУʼͳһ죬ὫЩ˶
лû뵽ǣΪ͸λ῰ƺ쳾ء
ĺ쳾˿Ӵ֮֮򣬽
лס筣֤筣ֻҪڣҲ
ѹõһ̳й
ô죬ȥȥ뿪Լ
ҲֻԼ֪ж
л
ͻȻһ
л΢΢һƺһ仰𶯡
ǳӤǵ£л
ʣ筣ԭˣ
筿У޿κεôأһϲѽ
ĵηŭջ𣬿ɻϲ㡣
*
ֳһҩϢ
лƽ˵˯һɣһһֱġ
ͻȻǣŮĹ뷿Сҽȡ
һȥлĵԿɣ֪ϷŪˣѺ˲١
Լл̾Ҫҵȣֻˡ
һЦ٩۫ӵ£ҽѽ
лһᵽӵ⼸֣ҡͷһЦ
ֱֱ˫һЦҲҸܵģ˭찢ء


113 
筱仰Ц, ֻԺͻȻ۾Ĺϣ˵ҺûƼ㴩һ, ÿ
лϳ, ΪԺݶʷ
Ϣû̫𾪣üͷϲ𣿡
Ȼл, һ˵Ը, ϸ֦ĩҴǲصġ
ջȨ֮ˡ
л, Ƹߵޣ˵ˣ˯, 㲻ˡ
߱, Ī˱۾
ҲȻ۾
ֻ֪, ҩﱻ̫ҽһĲҩҩЧ, ߡ
˯ĺܿ, ೤ĺȡ
л, ΢˱۾, 顣
ʮ, ǿĵһ, ǵ͢, Ա, һӦѻĴС׼ڳ
ֻʽǵϵĹԱס, ǻ˵
˭޷, ʥּ, лΪԺݶʷ
λӵ£մӲ漰һҪĹְ
Ϣͨˣ֪лȥһˣ֮ݹٳޱ䡣
ЩϢͨģȻ֪лȷʵʲô
˭뵽˺лȻƷְһ˵ʲôһƷݶʷȴǴͷ
Ժ̲ʹ£Ȼ˾
˶֪˵˾ְܲͬǶԺ˾֮׵ļơ
ϾԺЩְ̰ȨڣοԺලٹ٣ǾǰٹԴŵһ
˶Լͷϡ
ˮ㣬µĹԱ˭ܱ֤ԼǸףҲһ˿ëˡ
ԭȶԺлӶ岻Ͻţ̫ӶûܰԼ˲
ΪԺǻϽȾָ
û뵽лȴݶʷһְ
ѵλӵǻϵˣ
ǵϲ̫ӣǶл񣬶任ࡣ
ɢ֮ԭл׼ֱȥԺΣȴ͵棬˵ƽһȥ˴˵Ǽﲡˡ
лת˳ͷǰƽ
֮˶ųƽΪලƽھǣֻλڣǱ˶ϡ
лһǰƽһȥ̫ҽԺһλ̫ҽ
˿˯ˣлִһ
߳ȥͼſиСѾţһƼ񣬹ӵ£ҼҴȥһˡ
лһЦȴǸСѾ뿪
һڣƼף߷һյ衣
ӵˡҲδд
л񣺡ˣǳӤ߶ˡ
ųӤ֣̾һ˵ôһ˵Щ㱣·ǰСԺ²ǵ£ҲʲôĴС㡣
Ƕʱ䣬סǸСԺ
л΢΢Ӥǰƭ
֪±пԣǱҲȰ˵ϾƵóĵɷŲµ¡
λлЩĿ
ΪΪһ¡
ʵû뵽˵һ
ǽлģһ˿΢Ĳ
ֱٿڣм£Ҫ¸һ͡
лü֪ʺ£
ʮָл̫ҽ˹ֻлܾһ̣Ҫת˻棬ȻȻֻǲ֪ǴӺδ֪Ʋˣ
ҿɲǵã˸Ϣ
һ˵лƿԡ
żĻ֮£϶ڹȥ
̫筵壬ֱ̫ҽ
뵽лɴʵ棬㺣
΢΢һЦ˵
ֻǰһЩ֣΢տ³ƽ
лôʽ̲ס˵ԭ¾˼ǳƽ֪ڣ
ҲҪðֻƽھУֻλ˷ˣҵĴ밢筵İΣ
⾩֮Уӽ£˭Һ鷳
мȻܿͻֵķз뻹ӦǰһлͻȻ˵
л֪˵ʲô¡
¼޷ޡ
лƽ˵仰
׵۵׳ִ㵣ǶԷ޵ľֻǵϢĴ㵡
л˵֪뷽ȫ޸ϵµʱǱػ۵ķзҲи׼
ҶΪ군ˣ޹ѾˣۿŻҪ÷ҿ
Ҳŷҵù
˭֪޾ȻܾȻ˹ϸ
䲻ǻ谮Ĺһڳûȥˣǻʵָġ
ۿŮعѣʵҲĴھΡ
ϲǼŮ̫۵ġ
¼޷ޣܽ˶ýˡ
ϾôԼŮ޸һﳼء
еľ˵лл£¸֪ҡ
ǰųƽ˷ңүڣҵķһŹ֮Ϊǡ
ֵл
Ϊɫ磬лҲ͸뿪
뿪֮һ˶ڻ԰á
*
ʱ򣬰һδʳЩ붼Ҫȥ
ԣС㡣ģ־úЦ
筺һ룬ֻøмԻųһСͷһؾãྐྵҲǲɶõζʥƷ
ְðɡȻ
Цøˣ筣С㣬ΪʲôÿһھܳĶ
ΪѾôꡣԴ¡
ʮ꣬Ӱʱڽ
Ӵ˱Ҳûô꣬筵Ľá
ʳ筶һڳ
˵Цʱ𰳯һۣ˵С㣬Ҹ˵һ£ӦңһܶŭһŶ
̫ҽǰԸСҪ
筰뿿ڴͷ˵ô˵ʮа˾ŵˡ
죬һ²֪˵ǲ˵
筵˸ţǾ˵£СѲô˵Ҿѽ
Ҳôڹ
˵ǰ뿪ʱСȥƺ˵Щ뿪֮󣬴Сڻ԰˺þãǴСѾ뿴û
ȻҾʷʲô飬ͺջ˵λǰүҪ빫ˡ
Ҳѹôһڳƽ£侮ʯĺı鸺ĺ
ԭӦôʮ˲ޣȻҡһ䣬Ҫˡ
筵ɴ۾ȻҲǶϢ𾪡
Ƽɫ˵С㣬Ҳò˼ɣ˵½֦Ҷôˡ
ȣ¶һЦˣԶֻ߽ݾŮˣͦᳵ·
ǿиʱޱ㴦ĻȢ
ŵȨƣĻǱΪ飬ŷȪΥ׬ĵ
֣˹
ѹĻӶȦˣǰ䣬ֻ˸١
һΪ޲δվĻͷǸŷȪǣһӡ
ʵۿܵµĹԱӣȴ뵳֮С
ߣѹִСϢҪ԰ôã˵պöƴСЦ
΢ҧһƬ䡣
ǰһʱ˽кã˷ԡ
˾ãȻǺˣ£δ̫ѳ
˼˵Żϵٳ裬УһҾҵġ
Щ˼дŶûŮġ
ΣˣѹǷͷһӦ
־Ҫƿӣ׼´
ŵðϽסıǣС㣬
ҵÿ㣬鱻һˡ
ҪʱһŲһƣ㶼ˣҪȥ
㡣Щȡ
ߵߣһԾЦЦʵôˣһԾģ㻹ˣ
ɫ糣ȫȻǰ˵Ȼˡ
Ťͷ𰣬´СҡͷʾԼҲ֪ѽ
أһЦֻŰŵ룬˵óû뵽㾹Ѿˡ
ѾŵʳУ˵㣬ҿˣһѹá
Ͻλø
Ѿ߽ʳаԱϣ򿪸ʱһƮ˹
筱ûԱţӾȻ̲סЦ
˵ƣҾ˵ء
ͶԵɣСè
Ѿ߽筣һߺһתŪ벻עⶼûϵ
Цִʲôעأ
ҡͷûʲô
ϸ˿ۿǺܺ죬û޹
Էޣûꡣ
ֻǺǰ򣬾ȻԽԽãϾҪȢˣ˭ֻ¶Ҫ㻹ܳסѵá
Сȥ̲ס˵㣬һӶõġ
ôûͷûԵһ䶺Цʵôˣһͽжˣ
ֹһǴ㰮ҵ⡣Ц
ҡͷŶ˵ɡ
ɫһ죬ҡͷ˵ʲôˣֻϲ㡣
Цֻһζ
ԽĴͷ
*
лصֱ۫ӻԼԺӣѾڴ˴š
һƼ˵£Ȫ̼ҵһѾˣǴ˷˽
϶ѷź˲ᡣ
л̼֮£û˷ְɡ
Цİɣ̼գ˶Ǳʣȫ֪Ѿ䡣ӣҲġ
ȻᣬȴһҲҪȻҲ̼Ҽ
л˵ʱѾ˲ġ
ǲͨˣ෴ߴϱһӣӶЩ
ŷȪǰǱӣѽлֳݡ
һ͸˽Ȫ̼ҵμ
μĶӣֻϧʱ֮常Уѹòò˵ܴѹ
ҵǣżл
лһȥҦɽнʶһʼֻǾô˾촬裬Ǻ
֪ǽȪ̼ҳ
лü֮λڵõŷȪ֮Ѹͨóס
̼Ϊ촬ӵгʸĻ̣Ҳǳ̼͢ҵĶ䡣
ͼ˱֮С˵ݵ˲ᣬǷ־Ȼа˰䲻
ʲô˼л̲סȡ
͵˵ǵãż鷿ѵ˼˲ᣬ±ûн֡
ЩһֱڼЩ˲ᣬֽЩ˲ᣬȻвǼٵġ
˵żδ󲿷ӽԼ˽̰īˣ
͵ͷֻˡ
лۣ˰ӣǺθڡ
ָԾûã˵żˣӦҵ


114 
һһʮ
筵˺ü, ã̫ҽÿ춼׼ʱ
һתǰո
˭֪Ҧ۾Ȼ, ڵڴ˰, ո󾭹һʱ, Ѿ׾վȽŸ, ҳΪǵһˮӡ
ڵʱһ𿪷ˮϵС
ڹ뷿ױóˮ۸ã筷ַϸ壬Ǹ
Ԫ, ոˮ۵һС
˵ãһ, õһѱĲࡣ
һ߿ӵһ˵Ҿã㷴Ҹо̵츳
, ЩЩ취, ѹʲô, ҡҡͷ
ʵ㣬ľλѾָ, ԺӾ͸˴ɡ
Цʲô
ҲЩ棬ʣǰڼЩʲô
Ů졢Ƽҡ齻, վڶ¥Ĵ, ķ, ˵ǰÿ, ȥȴȤˡ
û뵽Ȼ˵Ļ
ЦǲϲЩ㲻ȥܾͺˡ
磬Ҧۻʱһ˺
֪ˣȴһֱæûʱȥݼ㡣Ҧ緢
筿ʵģȥʱȫͬˡ
һ֮˶ȫˡ
筣ң̸ݼ
ҦԱߵ£Ůϵ裬һڣ˵ҽȥ̸һ׮⡣
ʲô筸Ȥ
Ҧ˵ǳ⣬Ҳ֪ǴˣֻкʸҲóס
筼üɫ裬̲סѵк˼Ҵ˹ϵ
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ҪȻôŻسƽء
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ںϲסһĸо
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筸Ͻ⣺ҽ㣬ΪӰһæ
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˵ǲˡ
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֮ϣ¹Ļʵۡ
֮µһˡ
̫ӡ


116 
谵η, ΨһĹԴǹǽϹŵĻ͵ơ
ԭڴϵżл仰, ԭͲ԰׵˲ֽĹ, ԽԵ
żһ㲻ҵĻ֤, ֻȥĻ棬ʵۻʲô١
ЩԳ, ǲǶܺ޻ϣлȻ
żһ
лֱ˫ָ, ηתһȦ, ȻڴϣѾй, 
żĿѣ˵ǲ
룬ܱ֮ۡ
лȴû׷ŹԷ᰺εӢһǵ֪ĻֻҲΪ衣Щİ, ˵ظҲһȥʸ
Щ, ޹, һжҵĹżŭ
ʧȥǺ仰, ͻȻ侲, лЦЦ, , Էǹ˵Щŭڲԡ
ż޺޵ıսͣٿ
лһЦϾ֪Ҫʲô޷ǾҪΪϴѵ̫Ӻ
żѧˣҲڡ
ˣ֪˶ΪǶˣΪʲôֻ̫ӵ𣿡
лͬѰżģ˵仰ʱȻ졣
żƫһߣȴЩ̡
ʵ֪Ϊлƶ̫йϵ
Ȼ˶һûʲô˽⣬żЩ˱ѾѶԼĴϡ
Ϊ˾ǣˮɵ
أȻⲻżĵ״󺧣ѵԷõʲô֤ݲɣ
лĳżʵΪ಻ȫ޷⡣䲢ʥΪǶڹƼϰˡ֮Ϊˣ岻ѣʵ֮δûйӮĻᡣ
᣿ʲô᣿浱֪Сտںƭ䣬ұٰţǻ֮ˣսթҲġ
żȻܾ
лڸż֮뿪ηһֱվĳͣš
˳֮ůϣɢηʪ䡣
ҿһۣʵ£˵ż˵Ļ𣿡
Ѿһ壬ΣΡܻżˣҵҲ촫ϢлԼڡ
͵˵£һֱӶΪжѾ˴õĻᣬɴֱʵżͶ֮ĹαػҪ˼
ǰαط˼ء
־ּᣬƶܾĥȴ踺أŻһԼĳУԨ
κԼ֮£лΡ
󻹲һȦĻᡣ
ֻҪ̧̧֣ż״ʵڽӡ
ֻ³κҪ硣
ΪʲôҪ˼
л˱۾Ժи筵ģ筶ԼͬرǸ˵ĶԻ
ͬһ´ǰ͸ֶö֪
ֻǣ筡
Ϊλҵ
лؾ֮ҵ˵ЩǣˣȻйصʧٵʧ٣ˡ
˶Ĳ£ֻϵܣһ
м£˵ĿھǲԼͬģ˵ҵֻҵϵѧ
ᰵĶʮ꣬һҵ¹
ԵŮɫֻһλշˡ
õϥֻһӡ
һֱҳʱ˲һŮֻŮŮʱ˾ɥɥ֮ʹһ𣬺ҲŲС
ĸŮ;нʡ
Щлڵ⺢Ƿе㲻ö֪
һ£ǾҵŮһꡣ
Ҳ˵¡¡ʮ³£ҵŮ¡ꡣ
ǵ֮һꡣ
һճӤһһͯԡ
ᰲʲô˽ҪȻϲŸᰱı
ʮ꣬Ҫһܣôʿ޷˽Ҳڽ
筵ʦҦɽ
֮ǰĶʤҦɽᰡ
֮䣬ֻĪ֮
ᰳ֮Ҧɽͳ伣
֮Ҫǿ˻Ĳҡ
Ͼ˭뵽һµıʿȻԸҰ֮䣬ֻһŮͯ
˵ֻ
Ҫ׽ʱסĲӣء
µż󣬻ᱻڳܲӣһܲס̣ʲôˣЩɲҸȼֻ»ϵʱ᳹ŭ
ʱ̫ӺͶֻҲòҪ
ͷһҪԸģЩ
лվֵĴǰ棬٣ǰľ괺̣һɴͥǰõˮ˯ȻҶΣػأżˮ
ΪԼӣȲء
ж֮ʱӺĻҲͲȴ˼񶾣ڿݾ֮У
оɱˡ
Ϊ˵죬ʾʢ
ǵЩ˵Ĳ죬Ÿڿ塣
ô̲ЩΪΪ޻ֻ֮һлᣬ㳹ء
ңλ֮顣
˾ˣԹҲ޲
Ҫֻ־͹֣ΪҪ֮ҡ
ȴûżԶֻ֣»ǣ筡
Ѿʤ
ֻҪһ˿Ͳȥ
*
괺ƺı궼Ҫ磬һѵˣԶЩɾ䣬ܲסᱡջ
ӻ֦ͷ֦׺ŷ۰׵ĻŻǸģ
һ˰뿪ȫʢ
԰Լ⼸һղͬһյı仯
С㣬ӻʲôɿģ㶼԰˺üˡԱߣЩ⡣
ҲȥӣڼĿ⼸ӻ
ʵ𰣬ɻǵʱԺǲҲ˼ӻ
ѽÿСżһֱҪӡһδүʵڲͷһֱգ㱧ȥժӡһڣ³ˡ
δ͸ӣɬ̡
תͷŰ𰣺ȷҿҪӣ㣿
УûСʸڷϡ
筺Цɱ𲻳ϣҵġ
ˣɣγϣǸִ˭֪ѳԡ
ͣȴδ𰿴Ѿߡ
ʵ˵ء
׵ĺܴС㣬ȻҲӣҿ֡
ΨеôСۣȫ˳Ե档
߲ͣ߶Ǹϵӣôִš
һҲúô¡
ڸǰҪ÷磬Ҫִ꣬𣬾͵ϳԵʦô˵ӻδ죬š
̾˿Ϊ£үصظСӸǲҳԡ
ǵСȫȻֻֿǳͷ
˵̲꣬סСô䲻ˣ
ûʲôֻǿͻȻԶȴܻ䡣
꣬Щǡ
էů΢ůϡ
ĵС㣬ôˣ
ЦЦδٶԡ
׿Ҳʱðȥæı£׿˵
ôʵ
ԴؾЩӣ׿æĽŲմأҲ֪æʲô
筵ķԸҲ˶ԡ
ʱǰվС㣬ǰҵĻѾȥңʱûҵ
ƻڴϼ˾żǸ졣
Ҳϳõҵˡ
ʱڴϣֽʽԷģаվų
Ϣ¶׿Ǿ͸ɹ
ҪӣҪҪһ˸練ơɵڻû˵Էھǡ
ȥֻҲͽ͡
ʣ֮أ˶٣
ҳʮ꣬ټϵǣ࣬ͬɱɱŵţ񾩳ǣ֪ᰴ˵˶١
Ҫ˽ҵĳ£ö෽̽
׿æ£˽Ųմء
ҵ飬Сĵʹֻ׽ˣѾ뿪ǣҵҲ֪ЩƤëġ
üƤëҲã㾡˵ɡ
׿㽫Լ̽Ϣ˵һ飬޷Ǿҵʢơ
ȷʵһһŮʱɫ΢
׿˵ᰵĶӽ׵ǣۣһɱͷиСŮճûãͱţܿΪܲס֮࣬;ССŮ¡
¡ꣿԱϢ𾪡
ѵľϲʵȷ
׿ۣΪСǲԼ̽Ϣż֤С㣬ҵϢ˺ü˴̽ģǵĴ𸴣໥ӡ֤Ϣʵ
׿Ϣ϶ġ
ĵ׳һ
ʲô
ô᲻ǵͰŮô᲻ҵŮ
촬ϵɱ֣ЩȻᰵľɲᰵŮĻţЩô֪ܲ
ʮ꣬ˣȻǶһƬġ
Ϣ״ĵ׵Ĺǡ
Ȼͬҵڵ֪Լ޿֮Ůĵ׻˿
ʱ̲סһ롣
ֻϧϢȴû࿪
ȥ³Сϲգգ۾ʵΪҲҪȥ
˵˷ᣬ˾ǵٹ˺С㶼УǼ޵ĸ̫ǸӡؾôãҲòμЩʡ
˵Ļǲó߶š
һ类һ㱡֬ת˲䣬óס
ʲôвóҵĻ£ҵĻû¡
筴˵Ľš
úúãû£ȷʵûأ˭֪תͷ̾һҲ֪ӺʱףŻǰԹء
筣
ǡ
ûС
޼ޡ
*
۫
лſͣ£۫ߵӭ
صǲūڴˣȺ»۵°࣬ѱһϯʳء
Ǿ꿴лġ
ʱÿȥ£λǰ
ӣл
۫ԺУŵһŹƣԺ·
һ߹ȥ
ԺӣԣӶİϤ
ʦȻǸԺԺＸש
һĸԵվǵġ
ڣ۫ˣһɫ֦ʯƹװѮӺݣɷ
̫ԼСϱʱνƫġ
۫лʱĿͣӤˣûʲôҪ°ɡ
ûʲôճĲ¡лؾᡣ
ĸ۫żɽ˵ǶСİ֮ϲλС̫ճҲǵ̫ۣ԰Ϊʢ󣬱˾
Ҳ͵лİͷֻһϲϯЩϯ
ĸŰáлɫ䵭
ȴֵ۫˵̫ƽҲӣƽֻλﵱңӦòҷ̫ʢɡ
л۫˼˵Ҳȥ
̲סüĸǻҪȰңҪˡ
ǰ֮£۫Ȱ˵筲ʡ
ݾĲʡ
۫һۣ̾һ˵ϱϱδȢţ㵹Ǹ첲ȹչȥˡ
лһ
ɶ٩Ʋʮַԡ
̧ͷȥƵܵģɡ
ĸʧġлϻ¶ϲɫ
Ȼ˵ķԣᶯҡƬ̣ǲ
Ц۫ⶼӳ۵ס
ˣõĹ


117 
ϯ, ǸҺ˸Ҳӣ³йڻ϶̫ӲĴţѾϡ
ֻ̫ҪһǶ̫ӣ˾Ͳ
ιС, ̫ճ, ˶˼
ͷһΪƽŮ, μ, νǷѾ˼, Ѿ͸׼˺üס
Ϊˣȱȱ
筸˯ѣһ泯, Ѿ˽, ڽƵöб, ˸Ƿ۽˸Ứ
ġ
ֽ, ͼһϮ˿˳޳Ĳ, 䵽ϡ
ѩڷ, 泯죬ɺÿĽŲ۾
־òӲˣҲδ˵òʧɫ
Ψ筸ǰΪҶ
ϴ֮󣬾ͱױ̨ǰ, ŮŴССκ, š
ӻ, һѾǰ, ˫ֳԼŵΡ
ͷ棬ʤڵţҲ̫ؾЩԵЩ
һŰ˱鷢Σ޷Ȼţһ߸п
ûһֻһԾ̩ɺ׹Ȼ
ֻǱȻűȻţʧ
ԭ۾筣̧ͷžһͷ
ɵ㣬ǲôΰ㶼ˣʵЩҶòš
׹·ںϣͷۣѾŵĸʽΣ͸κ͵ۣվɫܴʲôÿֻЩ͸һֱŵģȴһ˶ʮ꣬δúչ˹㡣
û뵽Ȼ¡
Ťͷο˵ν⣬֮;⣬֮׳ݣԾͲԼΪڵµʱһ˵ǣΪԩء
⻰ȻҲмֵ
ΪҵճŮһ£ͷһ뵽ģԼҵɷ취
ЩھܹҹŮĽԼѾ۶Լ
Ƕԣڷ絲֮
ûмıӻǱ˿ݡ
׵ضľԶƬǷ֮ء
ϣʵǰҲԼݺ࣬Ǻ˾ǣŷ֣ط˰н֮⣬Ҳļ֮ء
ʱ򻹲޾
ϽкѾ߹Ӻó䣬ԼһȻЦǲ
̧ȥɫŨ̽䣬۵Ķơ
ŨĴɫļӳģǺʡ
Ƶ۹ȷʵǺá
ЦЩ⣬˵ȻˣոЩ֬ɫɶһöġ
װʱߴٵ㣬ҲⶢˡҶҪҲϽȥױɡ
ȴûգһԼѣǸյһСޣҪƯˣ㡣
ѡѺ筲˵Լȥ硣
һԣűѾױһߵССá
Ľˣ筻һֺĽҲ԰õġ
˵筵ѾߣʵڸҪź筡
෴𱣹筵С⡣
筿֪ܲԼжӣʰ𰣬
ǰʱ筸Ҧɽ飬ȥѧˣһ̴ĸЩƹŶá
գգ۾ǿްӣᡣ
ŵһֱôޣҾ˵ˡ
һ仰ŵð죬ֲҿޡ
ױ˼ţź¡
ϵѾš
빬Ȳñĵط̫ˣֻܴԼѾߡ
˵˽Գ̫Ϊ̫ӣʵ̫ӹǽжǴ칬
ҵĳܵ˹ſڣȻǽȥġ
ǵڹſ³
ʹĹǰĻϣٴǽߣܷԾعڵûʸ֮ơ
ڹסЩʱգֻʱˣδڹж߶
ٽǸ಩Ů̫Ĺ͡
һһ£֮
˲пĪ⣬޶ˡ
˴칬ǰѵõ쳣ſڵĹɵĽӴͣ˼ȴң͸ŹĹء
ͷһؽͣɴల
üۣȫԼֵġ
ǶεձںӭľһɻղŮ컹пˡ
Ůϯпȥ˶
پŮһ
Ϊϯδʼǰ̫аݼ̫
ڹ˵Ĵ£ಽûһȵ̫ȻҲбĹȵݺЦ಻
һͨƽλС㵽
ھȻĳƬ̵İǲԼͬͣ˵תͷ⡣
˭һϾʷ׳ʡ
۵ġġ޵ġȻҲд˿˿ģһֱַͬ׷ЯֶŮУٵλ
еһͷ
ŮǺɫ
СھǳЩˣ˵һ󣬵ҲΪ
Ӽǿʼ޹ھ֮
筲֮ͬУǣֻˡ
ҹ筵Щ˵뾭ѵĴո󣬾Ӫӣ֮踣游ԩŨīزʡ
ǽ˺ˣλò֮ɫ֮ϡ
筽մһȹװ֮ϣһһŷĻβ߿ϣýڱ߿ͬĺĻƣŰƿΣǼɣԼء
ӺݵĴ磬һۡ
һڣڵĹ·һϡ
Ů޵ףһ˫ںӣŴˮ̧͸ӯӯ
ӯĴ꣬׺ɫ͸ӣұҧһڳֳɫ
ǿ˾ýΡ
筸̫񣬵ڵЩС㣬Żѡ
˭뵽ǾһŮòסۡ
л̫̫͡ſڻӦ
һһϣ΢̣ĵ̲סֹҲ֪ͿĨʲô֬ɫÿء
˶ɣոƷ
ȻҲû˻ȥѯʣԵò
ûһ˽ͨ۫ˡ
λֶ̫Ҫߣ˸һ̫ȻѾӸϻ
ĸ̫й
ѹ䣬ʹ⣬ڳ̫ȡ
Ϊ̫Ȼ۫ȴֶ
˸̫۫۫뵽ףԼԡ
ʱֱ˵筡
ŤͷһۣͼȻ׵۫գգ۾
ȻСδһԣȴ˼
ڵ٩ء
ӵֲû
ǰڻʱҲλֻ۫ʶˡ
ûһ٣λھΪţҲձȨĴ󽫾
λнŻŮ֮緶Ѷүլܵˮйͨ
ֻһֻĸӶ׷ɲȥ
仰˵λ֬
䴫ţԼĸ֮Ĺϵνǲš
Ͼһʶλٲá
ȴƶʵĺܣ׼檣ɻǰźͨ
˵İʾ˼أֻ
ڶҪԼɵıȨҲҵԼλ
һλүֻһλӡ
ڶϥӣõҲѡ
ֻ͸Ͼ˶ɲĽڡ
Ȼھ֬ɫǸȴǰڳһȵģԳԼСﲻ˵˵ļ黰ҽԿ
űﻳССãʵǿɰƵѽ޲ҲиŮء
̫Ů˫ȫҲû⻰ָ˵ϲҲϽС顣
С
̾һӿǵýԵ֣˵
һԵۣ۫΢סǣһЦ̫ƣĸСˡ
۫û뵽ĻܳԼϣֻ΢һüСģɰ˭˲ϲء
˵ӵʮжҲõ׵ˡգգ۾
һŮ죬׷̧ͷ˹
˵лǣΪ󣬸¹ƫǰֳһ¡
˭λ̾һֶΡ
볯ãҲȻܵ˴ľ׸Сƹ١
ʱһýϣôӣΪԺƷݶʷ׳ʵȨ
лݹھ֮ʣˡ
С˭ֲɾѫӵ࣬㼯ȨƻòΪһģлǶһݡ
ʱէȻ֮УδŮĹˣЩ²µĹŮǣ׷䡣
Ҫ۫λӦ
̲ס̧ͷ۫
û뵽Ƕõܵ£¡۫᲻ظ˸ӡ
Ͷûӣ۫ɲһС
ôһӵҲû¶ʲôõı飬ԽֶϱԽ֮⣬ֻİˡϾǰЩӣ̫˼һἰ£˵ЩɩӵģӳۣкʵģҲƼ
ǲ֪ӵϲʲôģ
۫εɫƽͣүҲ
ֻۣѡԸϲġ
仰Ц̲סֳһۡ
ϲģǲҵСơ
ֻЦֻǳ筣۵ף˲
䵭֪˻кβףǵ˷Ц
һ㶣ʶȥ
˿üۼ価ɫ
˵֮䵹һβò˵¡ҪȢ˱֮꣬Ҳ˵ʡ
ֻһϲ͵֮У޸ͻᱻ϶
Ծܾ˴¡
λĸǴ󽫾ԽձȨ֮ˣֻȴȲ
һֱдţүȢ˶Ȣλ
ȻĴŲİƼ۾۾ӲǱӡ
ŮĻûʱ֮ģοԼɷЩȢ˵Ůˡ
ǰ޸ʱɪгһɾ̬
ϢʱԼԺЩЦ˳ӡ
ŮҲн졣
ã
ǸҵĸˣһҴϵĲϲΡ
еȻҲˡ
վºͶʧڵֻǾһŰ֮˸жϾûбȵ£ȢԼȢˡ
ʲô˼˭Ȣ˲Ȣˣû뵽Ӷû̵ĶҲʧ̬ˡ
ҲǹԼ̫飬Ϊ˵仰ڼȢǱȡ
һʱ䣬գ
˭֪һ԰ŵ筣ͻȻҲЦ
ڷЦ⣬һЦνǳ
ЩŶţΪ˱ȨίԼ
಻״ģȢؼҡ
λ֪֪ԼҵλʱвΣա
λҲǺ۸


118 
ڶһЦ, ЦֻģҲûƼ, ֻǶէȻ, ע⡣
Ц, ǵ̲ס
ŷ, Цľŵ, ֻСβ, γ˫ӯЦ⣬ֹɵ
ЦݣЩЩӡ
ǹƽģò, ֳ˸֮
Щ˿תЦ, ̧üһĨЦ
Щ筣ڷЦʲô
ˡ, Ĳ֮£˹, Ҳ, ͸һֿС
ֱʣֻҲ֪ԭڹ, ЦҲд
筵, ˵ȴ㾪
͵·֣󵨣˭ĵ, 뱾˵
ۼŶ, ͷǾȡ
ҲĵװЦ, ȻǸĹźճΣϲ̨档
ͷһزμӹ磬͵
Ժѿ
һŵǻϣ˵ģҲˡ
筳ոʱΪոĿ֬ѸھΣʹЩֶ˾ǹŮȥӳѩá
ʱϱ筡
ֻǻҲʵòΪ筵ʱıݣֻǸ̼Ů˿ûԷԼС
ֱŮӣòĶܻһʩ
̼Ů³ٺÿΣѲɻܼѫң
ټ棬筲Ǹ̼ŮǴձȨĺҵĵŮ󣬲Լ
ŶѣȻҲϲԼɩ
ʵǰѶ̫ˣԼδйһ˿ͷÿƼԼһģ
ҪǽѵŮһѡ
£ͷһزμᣬţҲǹײϿڣƽΧȴڰָŮӣûء
ѵһ筣˵ǺöЩư֮ôܱȵϹͳҪء
⻰Ѳǰʾǵô˵棬˵筲ء
ɫѿҪڣȴһԵסơ
˵ԽЩ˼ңԸͷ¶ģǸʲôոҲʢ֮¡
Ļû˵꣬Ե۫ͻȻڵոôˣ
һû뵽ԼģλһϹ۵۫
õĿ֬ոģô۽羹˸ߣĿ֬Ʋϣ۫ʵ
ƢҲҵﳤ
ָЩҪģôˣһ˳ء
һССҹŻʰˡ
ʱһֱδڵ̫橿ڣĸȻ˼һֱڿ죬⡣
ۿ۫ȻԼ˵ԭ졣
̫Ļ筲˵
˵λ̫ǾǺ۸ϯһ˸յ˴㿪ʼָֻš
̫ȴûһʱֹ޷Ǿ˶λжֱڿ졣
Ҫλ˼ֱ˾֮·˽֪
ôһλϣ̫̫ࡣ
˭ᵽ̫һ
˭ʵδĻʺ󣬴Ҳǿ۵ס
˵լŮ첢Ӱ쵽λ֮վ
ҪϻʵۣȻҲǸϲ̫һЩ
ڶֻƢԲЩҲȫûӣ̫һڣ⣬֪̫ڲԼԼñء
˵ĸҲƲոĿֻ֬Ҿͷ¶棬ﻹδĹʵˡأĵ̫ãϲΪ˶࿼Ǽ֡
˵ֱЩȻҲͻԵãû̫˵
ʣ
筲İо˵ʵδ֬۶ǰ鰸ǹֽ꣬û뵽Ů֮Ļ棬Ҳǹ
ҪҲǵ֮һ޲һѹӣ߳Ա߿Ϸ
̫εݣ߲ƣһׯ󷽵ı飬ֻǹ˵ˣθΪСգصһϷԱߵĳ԰λһƲɡ
Ȼ̫ȻҪ
ں棬˵ӣûҪƽϡ
ΪҪɫЦ
ȻձȨѫҪ£ңĸҵ
筸ղųȫȻƾһç
ֻΪеʱǶȴûпҵʸ
Ϊ֮¿գ˰һ󣬾ʵ۶ס
ҡҡͷˣ۫Ҳڴء
һ
ʲôأѹ
ҡͷЦ˳԰ʱ԰ȴ˽ס筡
ڳķ̲֮Ů
筼Ҳϲ쳣þò
һЦɲǣҺȥո󣬿æ˰ڡ
ǸԲһֱæڸزɹո֬ԭϡ
֪㶼˵ˣÿȥո㶼ͺЩͷ
ȻҲǺ֪筵ݣǵȥĵ׶ٻЩ²⡣
筺ʵأ
˵ˣˣһʱ䶼׾Ժ׼ױί
뽪ϵãÿᣬ˶ͬͬ
ͻȻֻʣһˣòϰѽ
签ϲԭˣǹϲϲͷһȥɡ
ѽĵ
ûһ԰ӣû뵽żλҲˡ
һͨǵȵʼϷ
Ҫȵһ̫˽Ϸӳʵǰ
ǶĸԴȻʺȥ󹬱ûлʺ󣬻λߵĹ죬һֱҲͳ
ȴЦЦ֣СĺӣҲ̫ĺӣ̫ɡ
˰죬̫ڻǿ£һϲϷ
ܿ죬̨Ͽ̨࣬֡
筼ٿϷֻǴո֣ԶԱߵķУֻСѽȻб塣
𣿡Щ档
ͷǰͷ԰ϷģΪŽ˹ΣǲǱŮӻҪİ࣬Ҿûÿġ
̫ˡ۾⣬п
ϸ̨ϵˣʱóʴ˶һǳɣǻǸϸ
ЩʱЩСĵӣתᡣ
Ȼλбдңȷʵ̨²¶ͬĳ֮ɫŮǲϷǴġ
Щˣп׷Ůš
ֻŮ˸ȲЩһǧ
ûһ洫һ
ôˣ̫ʵ
˳ȥ˿棺̫̫ӵżλ»йĹǱء
¿Ǻˡ
̫Цѵôˣʺãλܵء
Ǳ˭Ӯˣ
ͻȻ£ʵ
˭֪̫ǰΪ׹ԭ򣬽Щ㣬Ƕһֱ˫ȫεĻʼԻУŰεͷ
ôһʣ̫̲סˡ
¶΢΢ΣĿǰӵʱȡ
ӣһŵģ
һԭû㿪ڵ۫һۣͻȻӤûμЩˣҼǵʱͷһβμΧԵʱ򣬾͵˻͵һѹ޽ʱ̣Щġ
ʼΧԣǵһߣõ͵Ķ
۫ĻظȻᣬʵȴǰ
Ķӣǵһʱʲô
ۿԼϱΪ˵ڱ۫ô²̨¶ãⲻöǶŶ
Ȼ˵仰
֣ͻȻ䣬˵쿴λ
ֻһλǾӢŮϡ
˼˵ӵµ˵һԸ˵һҪء
Ҳ֪Ӧڤڤ֮УϾȻڴʱ߿˹
һۣѸٱߡ
˵ԵִԼעġ
ЩˣӵһƼ֪ûԵ֡
筶ԻϾĸо϶ֻҲ˵Ŀϡ
˵໥˭ƲԷ۾
Ҳ˻ϵ筴򱧲ƽôӿָûϵ
ɿ˵˰ɡ筸Ͻ˵
Ȼڱ߽ǣҷѹļͼͣ筻ľ
⻰ҪǱֻ»ɱĶС
ǰŮģΰ
λл˼˵˾֪Ҳʲôܡ
ӶĸңӵˣԻϵĻһҪˡ
۫үεȻֵǲվӣҲٻ
ĸֶӵϻλǻ塣
ֺαҪ˻ˮء
ԶڻҪ۫Ǵ硣
۫ܿлҵϯҲǶĸɸɾǻȴһֱġ
Ҳ⡣
ҹӸȻ࣬ǶǳͨƽӹܣЩģһĳ
Գֻò֮˵ˣܿѰӡ
ȻҪѡԼ
ֻϧܶΰʾ۫үֻ
ϽҲʮ꣬ۿԽԽ󣬾Ҫϲˡ
Ѿ͵͵࿴ңԼĵҲżѡ
֪лϲϣйء


119 
԰, ѫӣ˾еӲ, һ
аġ
, áΧһƬ
֮˷¼Ĵ˹, ЦС
αǫ, ļ, ˭˲֪, ǰ֮˵ļ
ԭǻ, ǻϵ׸硣
ǰ̫˾вõع, Ĺ, Ҫ˵ı, ѰѹھУõ˶١
Ǵ˹ɱмٲɻսס
ڳĶѫӵ, Щӵܲ˻ڽ־е
Ҳع
˭֪лվ, С, ѹ, ÿаġ
Ĺ, лȴаġ
߹ȥ׼, Ȼ˼ζδ, ϸһ, ͷ֣ζ档
̫Ӽģ˼䣬алԼӪ˼
ȴвݣʾԼߵ˷׷ǰѹ˭֪ҪôعҪôǿȥȴ䲻мС
˶档
ڻʱվ˳ع˰ġ
̫ӵҲûһʱ˵ˣѰд裬ûҲɥعǾáҲˣЪϢЪϢ
Ա߱λ̫ϲ衣
ͷһġ
Ůϲ裬лǰҪùǹŮһۣ֪ǽţôˣһˮ˳
ū澸СŮŲˮڵϡ
̧̫˹ŭǵֱţС¶á
СŮ󣺡ū澸ū澸
лͷϵĲգ̫ӱŭˣȥ
̫ӵ£С¶Ҳطлǿڡ
ǵӣӲǨŭū澣ڹǳźӡ
СŮӵ¸Լ飬סͷл
лվ̫ӵ£ǣҸˡ
̫ӵͷ˴ȥר׼ϢĹ¡
˭֪лûãйĲࡣ̫ǱߵϷҲò࣬СļʱҲ쵽ˡ
̫ȻˣǾȥɡ
һ˸̫뿪ֻǴʱ̫Ҳ뿪ȥ¡
лŹһ·߹ȴͥԺȴƧѰ˻ġǹ˵Ƕտ׼Ϣ֮
˵רŸ׼ĵط
ĳƺҲ˲Ծ¡
л΢ҡͷʾ⳿ͣؿڡ
ΣȻҲ³
˻ʹɱ֮ѹǲܵ飬ȻõԼİΣ
̫£ԼȻẦ
лд󶨣ԲӦ䡣
˵⣬ţȥ鿴²Ŵ̿͡
Ǵ̿ͷ£ˣزöԷ뿪
²ŵǸ
ҪļҹĲԼҵ¸֮ǿɾʮ춼Ͳ塣
ʲôûУŰлȥ
лóڵţԼһտֱɴ䳤ۣ޳ͦεһ
̧֣ã泿;̫ӵ¡
񣬳Ӥɡ̫ӵ
л֪ĳˣû뵽Ļ̫ӡ
ܿ죬½Ŵ򿪡
ס̫ӣԸղһ̫ӣѳԼ˸ѡ
лԭµ߳һۿŶ̫ӡ
̫һӻƳɫ˵֮⣬֮£Ҳֻ̫ӿš
μ¡л
̫Ӽǰ𣺡Ӥα
Խľƺ͵Ϣ
ٴŵֵڣï֦Ҷʢҷɫ꣬ǡһ֦쵽⣬֧ĴƼڷ۰꣬ƺһҶմ˴⡣
ֻĵĴ⣬˿̶⡣
ˣлУȫȻȿڡ
Ȳסˣ̫ӡ
лżɽӤ㣬һѯ
һѯ
л̫ӵֻܿڣֻҪ֪֪޲ԡ
̫ƺ仰¶οЦ⡣
лȴƽޱȣרĵ̫ӽĻ
Ȼ̫ʵӤ֮Ǵ˰һֶ죬֪ʾʲô˼
лƽ̫ӵ£ⴧ⡣
ҲҪΪ㣬Ǹʶʲô뷨Ҫ𣬻ϳ̫ͣƺҪеõһ𰸡
л۵һƽ̫ӣ̫ӵ£ϸǣ˰
飿Ҫô飿̫Ӿȡ
̫͵תڵ˺üɫƺѹס۵׸˿˿Ƶ
̫ͣסŲתͷŭ֤֤ڣ˽˽һ׮ǹɱͷĴѲɻɣ
лͫĻ͵һ
£ϲδҪ˭ֻҪӣϾô޹ɥ
̫ƺо⻰Լ̲סϲӤ֪ĵڴУ㶨Ȼܱ
Ȼˣֻǡл¶΢΢ʧ
̫Ӹüʵֻʲô
лŻ˰ż󣬴ԴӱᵽԺ֮󣬱㿪ʼ޳ʵǽͷš
޳̫Ӵ󺧡
סĵףʵηѾָ
ͻһ˵Ԫףһʸڷϣ񰸵ı֮һĿڹô޳Ͽ϶ô˰Ρ
лһͷ۵ģ
̫ҧ˵żӲͷڽʱ򣬿ڹûôһԺͷ޳ˡ
ǿһ˿ɡлΡ
̧̫лٴεЩ˲أЩɶɽ֤
л˵̫ӵ£Ҳ֪˲ЩǿģȲϻ˵ĿڹҪ
˼Ѳˣ̫ܵˮ
лɿ˵ҲڣϾֻ֮һ˷ˡڻؾ֮ǰѽݵ¹Աһ˻
ݸЩץˡ
ҪΪֻܶѦٶӲˣֻڻϻҪѦѹݵľƣһ
Ǿͺã˰ش󣬻ӤĪùʧ
Ϊἴʼ̫Ҳǳյ˽лҵ˵Ļᡣ
Ȼ̫ӵõĴ𰸣Ҫģȷʵ뿪̫á
ҪȻ˷л棬ֻ»˴⡣
Ҳ̫Ҫô¼лԭ
ڶ޲ҪץסлİѱҪķ̫Ӽ棬ڻǰڦл̫ӵֹӡ
Ȼ̫ҲԼ˲ݰ
ɾĻ˵򲻴Խ漰֮£ԽӦñֳ²ؼ̬ȡ
лǾ̫ӵ뿪
̫ûѣͷʾ⣬Լ뿪Ժӡ
³׼ž
ûһ»лվڵſڡ
£Ҳȥɣ
л۽޸ѹվڵſڣһ÷
͸ű䣺̫ӹȻԾ
͵ɴ۾
ʲʲô˼
л̧Ժſڵķ̫ӷ뿪ķ˵Ŀģѯң϶һĿȻΪ˰ٳδ˽ᣬżˡ
ͣʲôԣ¹ض̫ҪҲ֮аɡ
ݰ̫˽⣬ĿǰֻнҡлϲģҲֻΪΪݹԱ̰ī˳ֿ͢
̫˽˽ƱЩ鶼˽һ
գգ۾ЩɵΪ̫ӵϢͨϾ̫ӣ˵׼ڽҲˡ
ǲܣǻ˽˵ǾԲκմȾȨ̫ҲС
Ӧ˵̫ӵĻ͸С
Ͼ̫ȨԽԽ󣬻
ôڽаԼ
ʹ˿ԺתתлôãϤӵ˼
˼ȥڸл˼·̲סĿ£Ѳ㻳һ̫ӿµȦף
Ϊβɣ
ǰڶԺԴ˻թżֻǿû֤ݡ
Ըղ̫ʻʱ˵ż󷴸޳Ϊǵļƻ֮УżӦһʿ
ʿڰɱˡ
żʿԼΪննϹ²ˡĴ
л۵͸űĮҰģ˽֪Ȳ̫˳Ҫϴλ͵֧֡ȨƱ˲ŸҸʧ˾͵ɱͷҵĹ
ζռʱ֮ƵơݹԱͶ˵᲻𣿡
˵ҲżԼĴ
Ƕȴ֪Ȿ˸µľӡ
ֻҪһŲȽδŵıٲԨ
ϳٳٲԶ֣̫ӱ㼱ˡ
ﶼ޷װ⵹ѵ϶Զĳ谮ˣˣ
Ҳ̫Ӽڴл֪ʵͼԭ
ֻ뷨Ǿı̫ˡ
ϸȴֺ˿˿ϵ
л䵭ѣǿ񶼲֪żǸ˰ӲȥĶˣ
;˼ǣ׸̫ӵ£
˰ɲһСĿ
˲ƣõҲһʮ
Ҫǳҵ˱ż˲ᣬԶ֪˾Ȼ˰Ӳ
Ǵ̫ӸµȦף̫Ҳǲ
Щջ
ԲμӹһˣЩֱҲֻ㻹š
Щ󣬱ʬ壬һ߾ڳ
Ϣļˣʹ顣
ĳ棬޷ǡ
ͷ̫ӿ壬̫ı԰Ϊ֣ͣôкβͬ
лվ£ϡ
ȴϡĹʮ֮Щż鷿顣
ʱ϶ڻӵߣ̫Ϊ곤ΧŵĴѧǲ
ջϿڻӣ̫ӵͷʡ
̫ӣҪʹͣʱĻشȴ
ʣʹ͡
ֻԸҴ˲ʢº庣̣հҵĺƽ̫ƽ֮ʢ֮ҵ
̫˵գڻȵ
֮Ը֮Ը
ʵڻӴ˵ģЦ⿪
ĿʵȴΪ̡
лʣĵ۳ɽӽ壬ȴѾǧٿס
ÿ֮ᡣ
ȴԸ߸ϣЩˣŵ롣
ܿ۳ҡҡ׹ҪĶֿɵá
ȴһ˿졣
Ըʲô
лޱߵԺ⣬ԽңͷĮԽѩԽԽ
ֱ̧ͷͿԶһϸεӰ
һ˲䣬Ĵ磬ᡣ
ĵ׵ıѩҲ·˲ڻˡ
签վڲԶδƼлŲԶ˼΢ת̧
̼䣬˫Զźˮɫĺ΢΢Ц۽ڿ˲䣬𣬻紺棬ԺʢһһЦġ
л类ذŵĵףڱᲦ
ΨԸ˹Ц绨
һֱҪº庣̣㻹һƬ̫ƽʢ


120 
վԭ, ԶԶлЦţȴ֪Ƿù
ϾǹлδŮ, ӦҪӡ
аٰʱл˹
ôһлߵǰ, ѯʡ
ҿһۣüҷƼһˡ
л죿
ɫЩأ᣺ڴϵˡ
û˵, лȴ
ǴݻʱǳɱЩϴӪżˡ
л˾䣺ȷ𣿡
ôһʣ筷ҡҡͷ
˵ɫ̫Ҳֻǿ˸, ֻǾ졣
Ҳһֱڴ˴ɵԭ
лοɼǵʲôģδˣóͶ˭빬ġ
ָָһ·Ǳߵġ
ϸ˶Էĳ, Էϵ˵ֻԵҲǶԷиͷǡ
һ, ˵Էŵ·
ڱ, ѷ׼ȷһˡ
ЩȻǲǿʶǼ, ܽԷζС
筵Ц, ϻ, ܹĿ
뿪, ǰȥѰˡ
ſл, , ôǱ߹㲻ڸ
ô֪
ǰϣɴͷȻ֪ˣǰǿϷʱ̫泳ȥ֪̫үһ
һ˵ӵͷʣЩ˿ɿء
лЦôģ
գС˼ȫû˵˭˵ˡ
лЦ⣬ͷĻͻȻϨˡ
ϲֲĴ
㣬˭лһЦ
գգ۾ұ㲻֪ˡ
лƳˣã˼̲סѵڳԡζ
ǻ筲Щࡣ
ҳʲôζӲ
лǲ˵ˡ
ֻ筣۵״ЦЦͽȻ筸ջ
ܿ죬͵͵ڴ˴ϽƼлҲڴ˴ӡ
ȻСС㣬С㷽ء
筸ղƼǸˣ㼱׷°ڻ
û뵽㲻ģô
˵ȻѾȥˣͻȥˣô㵣ġ
лͷȥɣ˼ǽ͵Ŀˣұзҵ
ڣȻûʲôĵġ
뿪֮ûãͱˡ
Щҡͷ£һȦδҵ˵ˡ
ȥţ㽫˵ĳŶϯɢˣϸÿ뿪ˡ
û⡣
־ָʹ𹬽Σ
л֮䣬Ȼĳֹϵ
ֻĽǺ
ʵҲ֪ԼҵڳѾ˲ˣЩ֮˴˾ϵ˭ˣҲ뵽лйϵ
Ƕӵˡ
͵ǰš
лһˣϯ
СİѾʼϺ̫ʹͣῪʼǰ͵
ˮĶ̧˴칬
һٳ費ģƺ˿⣬ǶЩ˲סСֻСһ꣬ȥ
ǵʱʹͣԶԶա
Ȼ̫ǴıϾСӣȥ
ڶҲĵ׷ᣬǿסЦ⡣
лʱŮǣԶԶһ½ۣī˿٣Խ֮Ĵãϡ
ˮī
ѹֶ˵λӣü续һ㣬գգ۾סп
лμᣬǲμӣҲϲߡ
ȴһ̬δߡ
ڶŮϯϣ۾ȴסǱɨ
ɼⰮ֮ģ˽֮
תͷ۫޵ǰ̫ҿޣ˵ģǹæҪ𡣡
ˣ˵ĸʵҲԸϲ۫Ц
Ц̫Ҳ˵ˣҲ£ٲúԺˡ
ĵ̲סЦϱ
ǰŸչĹлĻ£Ļ⡣
۫εºͺ˵Ӥ飬һԸ
£Ǹĸ֮ý֮ԣݣЦ
۫䵭˵ǡ
˵䣬۫տڣƺԸ˵⡣
˸ӣҲֻĵһ
ϯ̫࣬˵ЪϢ
ʱ˭۫ߵŮֱ˹ҼһϲոĿ֬˵䣬֪ɷ㣿
ԭ׼뿪Ļϣ⻰ŲסŤͷ筡
һš
ЦԸŮѡ
Ůһ񣬱ǰͷ·
ȥıӰ۾ﾹ⣬ԱߵĻ˽һƴסǰͳ
۫Ϣ̫֮԰ŵģ˼üһõĲͬ
ֻ۫һˡ
ڣ۫Ʒ裬Ů
񣬸ڶб㼫
º̧۫ϸϸ
ǰ˶࣬࿴һƣȷʵӣɫ㡣
Ҳʮ˰ɣ
ĵЩţȴʵŮʮߡ
ųӤסڹºͬʱʱշ۫۵͸Ц⡣
գգ۾С˵ǰ֪µݣе
۫ЦŶǵ𣿡
ΪΪշǵ
ɵۣ
̫ºͣЩͷԡ
ֱ۫˵Ӥ飬ҲΪ˽ɡ
£СĻصָ֪Ǻ£
Ӥױ涾õԶʦıӻŻ䲻Ը룬һֱãүƽա
ȻҲճɼңֻǳӤԼ⣬ӹϾˣǰ£ִҪȳҡʱүЩҪ˻µɽš
ǰΪҪʧȥӣû뵽ܻת⣬Ըס
۫͸޸пϲлת䣬̾޳
ֱ筣үδųӤȢŴ󻧵ĵŮݱ󣬵ҲطҪŮ
֮ӣȢĹձȨҵĹ
筵ɫˢһ°ȥĵˣ޹ġ
˵Ҳ˻ѡ
۫ƺƳɫԾͻȻң˵ô࣬ŵòᡣҪǽгӤֻ֪Ҫҡ
һɣƺ˻
仰ֲҪǣ
ҲȰӤֻ˵㲻ȢԼĶ˽⣬һԼȳ׷ӡ
ѾʮжͷһƼĹҲͷһ˵ĹͷһһᵽỶϲĹ
筵ٴξԾβʧ䣬ϲ
˵ÿһ仰·֤ʵӵġ
ͷһϲˡ
΢΢죬¶ʱ⴫һ󼱴ٵĽŲ
ĸһϤſڡ
۫лҴҸϹ筿ۣߵƣ˵ûɡ
Ҳ˵仰㵹ǼͰ͵׷
лһ筵ɫû˿ѹ
ų׷ЦǶͻˡ
Ƕ˶ӣ˵仰Ὣͻȥ㼱ϹǽƼǻ
򴽣ͻȻúЦ
ԭлˣйŮһң֮
棬»
ȻţԽµԽܾ
˼ʱͻȻңȻлŤͷһۣ˵ĸȳȥʱҪ뿪
۫˵ͷ
ȻɫΪɣƺ̫⣬ǲ֪ΪΣ筵ͷ
ɽĸо


121 
, һʱͣ
۫üߵѾٳȥƣȿڵҳȥɡ
СЩ, ˴Ƕ, ۫, ûܾ, Сġ
ףת˳ȥ
߳ȥʱֹ⾹һȺ
Ҫܿ죬һϤ˳лĮס֡
һʱżϵԶԺӣͼԺվŲˡ
ٶһ, ԺȻһʬ塣
ſ, ״, ̧ǰ, ֹͥԺڣߺ, ̫Ը˵ȲýȥԺڡ
żԺ, ȴ, ̫һһңסֱۡ
㡣ĺһ
лԭǳ̫ɿ, һ, ѭ˹, ﵶ׼筡
ɫһ˹¡
ǣ¡ľû뵽λ³ѵԼ
һջԼĵ筱Ժӣֱȥ
̫࣬ɻѹֱۣŭſҽ㡣
󵨣ʹ֮һԵĻ״ŭ
һĸϢŭλ³󣬶Щǣһǲ̫ġ
ȴ˿ûʵҽ̫룬빬СգΪҪҴ
Ȼʱ̫ڵɿɣϾŮ֮δжۣ׾͸ﶨء
筱򶨣ĵȴǴ󾪡
ôŮ֮˹ϵ
ֻЩңȴδš
֪ӣ˵ɱˣǽֻ·̧š
лһҲԵ˰ɵ࣬Ȼǵһʬˣɱ˵ˡ
֮䣬Ѳӣһɲֹǵһ֣⹬Ů
筵ͷŷϾմѪ
ŮԩعҼСڶԷŷֵģҲΪ˲鿴ŮŲմѪ
˵˵㵱ʱûߡŭ
һ죬࿵Ǵ޸֮ɱˡ
üʵ㵱ʱûڴߣ
ū澵ʱȥöȷʵڴߡԽСȥ
ЦһʵʲôѾѹߣʱֻŮϻմŹŮѪǺεȵطѵܲһֲɡ
Ҳܾϵжҽ֣ŮĶû
һôģ۾ĶƵü⹬ŮǱذɱġ
ԣذģ筵Į
죬Ȼסˡ
ǴӹģȻܴذ
ҵ
̫˼˵ذ洦ɼҽһѷڵذףĹŮɱˡ
̫顣
ɫҲã֪ΪΣȻһֱҧš

һֱδ˵лڹŮߣڼ鹬Ůʬϵ˿ڣתͷʵ̫ҽʲôʱ򵽣
һԵص£ְѾȥˡ
αôż˶̫ҽ˾һ͵Ƿֱܻˮʯġ
û뵽л˵ãӵ£λкιϵ˰˵
һǳſڴ
ԭ֪۫ﾹϽߵſڣڴ˴ʴʡ
۫ŭӤǰǾƹ٣㲻࣬ˣֱԲ䣬к֮
Ƕ۳ӤǺεٸһ䣬ұ㵽Ϻ̫ǰǷǡ
ۼ۫ŭĵ˲ӡ
ֻܺǳ£˴Һ̫˵ķݶ
һ÷ףȴ˵
˭֪̫ƫСһңֻ۫һӣ̫ƫĵװס
Ҫֵ̫ǰҲ룬϶û
лʵ̫񶫹гǷѱ뿪
һʬ壬ұ˿гڡ̫šüͷ
Сİ磬飬ѹ᲻á
ûһ̫ӡԼٽоŻӽԵ˳
̫һڣ˵£ɵ飬ʵǷ˼Ҷ˳˰ձСİ磬ȴλܾʵǶ֮𡣡
鰸һ£»ȫȨᣬλһĽ
һԺƺһĪӿ
ͻһЦ֣˭˵㶫ģҲǻʹ˵ǲҲһ󰸡
̫ӵ̫֮ԣͺǴȽ˴ˣٸϽҸ
Ŵ»漰ƽɱ˻Ǳԩܸиϣ̫һݣƽǿɲܺҳ֮ģô𡣡
̫ӵ˽֮һֱû˵
˿վУԶ϶һûɱˡ
Ǵ㾿бǣ˿Ϊ֮
Ŀʲô
һССŮ֮ǣʲô
֪Ķ̫٣类ס˫ۣһʱ޷α
Цɲǣ̫ӵ£²һŮ֮漰Ҵ
̫ɫЩݣ̲һŮӣɱˣ޷Ǿзʬˡ
ǹܣһζϵһΪ
˫˿˲
һԵлŵ磬ǷڶԻᴦǱȻȥɡ
Żлʱȴ磬סڹȻǲ¡ҿǻסڹ⹬޶˶˳ɱ֮£ҪֶץŪĻ̡̻
˻лiȴһЦҵǲ֪ŵܣôСء
˸磬ԲӣΪ˸ʵİΣ롣ֽ̫ӵĴ칬ɱˣ֪ջ᲻ᴳ븸ʵķѵ
λԡ
֮վ
лźͰ˻лiȻվ̫һߣ²̫ӵҲ̫˵
ھŻлʱСϲŶվڶһߡ
ŻӽϵİΣ˳ûõĵô˿̣̫ҽϵ˴˴
̫ҽȻˣʬ塣
ʬ£Ȼ˭
Ϊʬ˹ǵ۾㽫ʬ̧һԣ絲ס
˵Ѫۻ֮£ͽЩɣǻȵԱ裬̫˵
˭ϻȴⷢӵȶɱˣҿû̫£ҪȲ衣
筳ûߵߣʵû°ɣ
޷ҡҡͷ
ѹƣҵǴʱŮѾڵϣѪҵʱƺһڣҪְס˿ڡ
Ŵġסơ
ϽȥСŪѡ
лվǼ֮Զĵط˿Ťͷ˹ףʾá
ܿ죬̫ҽ
»ػλ£Ůȷʵذ֮¡״Ϊ֡
ʲôֲ֣˵¡ŻӲõ
˿ƫҵĵط˿ǳԹ˿ڴǳ
üȻδ˼
ԾŻŭлֱ˵Щ߰ģö
˼ǣŮɱ
վһԵл
һ˻Ȼ


122 
һůι, Ƿĺӣȴβɢͷϵ
Żлʱ˻Ȼô, ö˶һŮ, ҪԾ⹬ԾĴ, ҪԼҪԼһӵˣ
⵹ȷʵʵ
Ů̫ɱĻ, ǣۼ˵
ԹŮ̫׶Բá
ȷԼûŪ
أص, СĲҺԣСĸжʮ꣬˿ڣλĵȷʵ̫ɱ
, Ҳ˵ҲȷȻ
ͷСĲԡ
̫, ֺαΪһ, ȻŮɱ, ֮¾Ͳͷġ̫Ի¡
λն£ź
ȵ, ̫˵䣬ͻȻڵ̫ҽ, һŮʬʲô֡
˵ʱ, ϡһº͵̫, ǷƢ
ڳɵ, ̫ܿӵĲԾ
ȴĿڵ̫ӵ£̫ҽ˵⹬Ůö˶˵ΪҪɱء
̫ҽǼ棬ֱֻ̫ҽ
عŮ̫ҽɫף˵߶ϣֱͨһڵϣ
ʲô
ô¡
Ҿ˵һ򵥡Żлʱֻɡ
лһۣ׷üͷ
ȻϢ̫һֱҪġ
ѵŮ̫йϵ
˵̫ӵ£ŮУǻҹǵĴضҪҵ˭
ˣȥŮס
̫˵ŮȻڶ̫ȥѲ顣
֣ΪڶӦùʴ£ҪȻ˹ɱ˷֮ˡ
ǲɹ֮ء̫žŻӡ
Ƕ˵ýǰϾ참Ƕġ
ǻʵ֮ˣ̫ӻǶû֡
ýӣȷʵʧǸ÷ӡ
̫ӣ˿̶޷һζپܾ
ܿ죬˸ϵŷ֣˾ȻǸ֡
ڹﵱֵʱ˵˶
ֵϥأ΢֣̫ӵ¡Լλ¡
ֱӵˣջʹзһŮΪۣǽ˰
ĵĬĬ²ۣۣ
δۣ
ŲԶ磬ǸСŮʬɾͰ
һ΢СŮ˶վڰߣֻԼһͷײϡ
һֱҧŲŵĻͶ
ֿһЩҪŭ̫ӣֻ̫ߵߣƺ˼䣬̫ӵɫԺá
˶˵̫ѧʰǲɶô
δ֮ࡣ
ɽĹ۲̫ӣȴǴ˵ǵºͿӣ෴ŮĮģЩס˷
Ȼ޹أ뿪
лǣЩǶ˵
ۿȻӹ˽٣Щż˵ҿ϶ŮɱǵһֹŮʬŮϻק塣
ôûᣬ޲ò
üôڣԼֱǴ
޲ɼĴ
Ҫ˼棬ȴڵסڣȷʵûʲôϵعŮק壬ҲֻæʱСıקµġ
ֻÿЦ
Ȼץס̫㣬СŮĺ˭ģһ̫йء
̫Ҫࡣ
ıʱҪ㸲ĿԣֻҪһ£Ҳӵġ
֮ԳٳδҲԥ
κѱȦȥһ̫ӵڳһҶ
¡ôܣ̫Ӷĳء
ͻȻ签⳯ãҲˣӬӪΪ棬뵱һǰݣ¶ģҪݰպЩǣֻһ
֤ɽ񣬻ǵһ仰
Ѹȥ֤ݣֻܽ˽ᡣ
ûһ˻ȻСŮķҵ˶
ֻصؼλ£ȥŮʱķѾ˷һ顣˷ҵĲϸڹŮ齵ļзҵ

űȥ֮󣬻һۣЩüⲻǶ޻кϡ棿
˷׷̧ͷ˹ȥ
ȷʵĶһ޻
ֵعⲢͨŮ޻Ϸ԰ﳪŮ֮ˣ޻
棿ס޻
ͻȻŴԴȥ꣬ϲϷǽһбϷн˹̫ţ¾бйϵɣ
̫죬Աߵü磬ڳλ˭ûϷϷ԰Ҳвˡû۱ϷΪιʷҪϡ
䲻٣Ůȴ࣬ҽڶϷҲֻбһŮڴˣֻ˭
ѾҪֵĵ
վһԣȴ֣һϷӰˣ̫ܰӣ
ϷӽŮɱˣ̫ӽ빬УҲ˸ʳ̫ӵ¡
ֻ»бԵʡ
Ը˵ˣȥѲ鳩԰б׽ʡ
µĶ˷̫ŭ⡣
ԲǹϺִ̫֮гȻҹǣɱ֮£Ӳ
ѹ׽ˡ
̫ڡ
ԭԺĶףˢˢڣֳֳڡ
һʱ䣬սš
Ժס˭û뵽ݱ˵ز
̫Ŀɿڴ̫ӣ߹ŮƣҪȰ裬ȴ̫ӵġ
˿Ǳ÷ͬ塣
筺޲лվվ´Ѫһ
ֻ£Ҳֻܰš
̫΢̧˫ɫ˵Ļֲɷ˵ơ
˿ȴ֪˿̲ˣ˵̫ӵ£ִ֮¶ᣬ˰ٰѲҪɱ˷ɣ
һѰ޻˵ǳϷŮУǻ
̫Ťͷʱصص£ūŲԶᣬֻ֮ǰȥ˳԰ʹĹ˵ȷʵϷ̨Ůõ޻
Ÿ֣ЩףʦΪηҪôĻˮء
̫֮ˣװ֪ͺá
Ƕȴϲ˵̫ӵ£Ȼ԰ĹѾ֤ʵ˵޻бУ½˽
˵Ҷ֮£Ƿġ
һύ̫
ʵû뵽һССϷӣȻ̫ౣ
Ҳû뵽ǶڴˣнڣҲδѵ˹һۣͼҡͷ
һͷ
ãȻ̫ӵ˵ҵҲò̫֡һҪַɱң⣬޹
£ģ̫Ц
˭û뵽¾Ȼ˲ݲճһСŮˡ
Ը˲Ȼ˵ʲôҴҺ޲ԶǷ֮ء
Ȼ뿪
ʵֻ֣֮μСİ磬ȴײˡ
лһ
ڹſʱ筽۫
۫ο˵ܾˣЩ֮֡
лģһ
۫Щӣ۫Ҳһ磬ʱλ͹⡣
ãͷ󶨡
筲ɳлȥͼɫȻȻҲһЦԼ
Σлл
ǰڶ㱻ԩʱһ˿ûԥվŴ㡣
*

̫̫һ·صڣһ·鷿̫ŷ֣鷿ھһڴ˵Ⱥ
ūż£̫бڵϣһݡ
̫֪ɿһ˾Ȼö̫֮ӵµ鷿ǿݴҲҧ
£Ҿùﲻưոݵġ
̫ӵͷ֪һͱȱܱܷͷ
̫ɴ˫ۣ˵ѾӦһ˰
ǱԩģǸŮĺӲġ̫Ӳá
̫ܿ϶
бվһԣŮ࣬ǵ̬֮˿վһºͺͣ˺һ֦ͷ÷֮㡣
֪
̫Щǰһڣǰй͵͵˵̫ӳһˣͬͬסһ飬̽µӡ
̫ȴûпߵб塣
Ҷ˺㣬»ᱣ㡣
̫ŷ֣̫ӵᵽδġ


123 
һؼ, ˮϴ¡
㰲ҩ, ǱסˣεֲС, ô׾ͱŵ
筵˵治£
һʼƼ, ŵֽŷ飬ǺСŮҲһ󣬱ҲûôˡҲϾǱ˺˵ġ
筵˵ͷ
, ²£ʡ
ҡҡͷɱ˶£ڱһŵ
ֻЩֵֻǽ֮£ҾЩ֡
⣺֣
筣һСŮͶȴһֱץŲţѵĻΪһСŮ̫ӣ
ڳЩ, ˽⣬ֻ˵֮϶б⡣
筼ɫϢ, һ, Ҳˡ
һֱοԼⲻȥ
筵ԴҾôƲǴ㣬һֱҡ
ôֲ˵þͲܱ㡣
ĶЦ, ޷, Ҳһ, ЩȥϢ
筴ŰԼԺ, սţû¡
תͷ԰Ըȥҵҹó
һСҪţ
筵˵ͷ
иҪȥĵطһ̶õ
Ͻ·筲δϡ
ǵȵɫװ
ҹʱ֣ͻ䣬˲ŭڽͷβХϵ಻ֱͷڱΡ
ֻлʹڣңȼ
ǰͻȻһ
ʲôˣعŵ־
ֻϳ˳ʾһƣ˵Ƿ̫֮¡
Щȣһ߲鿴һ˵ôˣų
ϳǸ̫࣬Ц̫ԸļЩūŵģ
ж𣿡ʵ
ϳ̫ҡͷûУûСǿɲҼд
ʹɻдÿҪϸѲ顣
ϳ̫˵Աߵͬ飬Сӻѳƿλүơ
Сӵ̫һֱñӣ΢ͷʱ⻰ŤĳƿȻһˣҲûʲô
վ棬ҲƵ
̫ƺƶȫҲûʲôɡ
û˷ʱϳȥ顣
ӻ֣߰ɣ߰ɡ
ҿλүˡϳ̫һֺá
˵Ҷڹź򣬿Щĳȴ̫Ҫ̫࣬ƼЩǵü˳ۡ
·ÿϳֻ̧̫ӱޣۿҪʻ
վסһӺ溰˳
ͷһֻһŷ崺ж
ϳ̫ŵס
һߵǰʱ򣬹֣ͷľǽָʹ
ָʹôˣݡ
ýָʹŷȻǳʲô˲ô¡
û뵽һǰȻΧס
ָʹˣϼдʲô
ȻûдʲôֻǼдһ˰ˡ
ϵ˾һ
ΧĽˢһ³г֡
ϳ̫ŵֽű䣬ֻô󡭴ˣūǷ̫¡
ūţ˿̻̫Į
Ըǰϵ˶
ǸСӵ̫࣬ʱ򣬲ñӡ
¶һ绨ա
粽ǰ̧ס°ͣǿͷ
дңôżҪȥĶ
бӲȻ͸żº͡
б屻̧ͷӯӯ˫һжȴһֱŮӸĵʡ
˵дףݣһ治Թʵ
һϷʣ˦°ͣĮߡ
ǰߣԱߵĸϳ̫౻ʱЩ
бֲ֪ЩȴʵҪȥ
ǰ棬Ļش𣺡дң˵طȻ֪
Ҫ̫ӵ£Ҫ¡б֪ܱסģֻһˡ
˿Ҫ̫ӡ
ǽָʹ˵С£Գ
ǻ
б廹׼ƣɳһˣкʸ˵̫ӵ¾ͼ̫ӵ¡Ȱ㻹ٷ֮жûг
ŹǽХ
ڶߣԨص׾ʱܽû
бֱӱ
ؽʱԩģûɱˣûɱˣҪ̫ӡ
ָպֵ׼ؼңͼֳȥץһ˻
ڵôв£ץ˭
˭ǸСϷ¡ػһǧ˵ֵµˣȴ븵˽ã
üһǸ
ǧɲǣڶûץˣӣɱ˸ǹ¸浽˻ǰ
ǻģ
ˣǧײ¸֣ûƼСģãϸƤ⣬ǱСǻҪѹ̫ӵô᲻á
ԣСѡ
ǧ⵹˱裬˵ģ⻰ͷɲ˵ǽǼڣҲ˭ڴ˴Ϲ
ҡҡͷȴͻȻʵǸˡ
ǧüʲôţ
СϷӵġ
ǧٺһЦˣ˵СϷ̫ӵͬͬסĴŰɣ
ɫţ糤˳Ƶãضزס
˵Ͻ˰Ū࣬ЩŮ̫࣬·
һϢһǷǡ
Ǵûͣ
ҪôûУһĻѹزס
λ̫ӵƺҲûţб˳ʱϷҲϷ̨ϣǰ
һˣҹŷգźĹ˶п
ЦŶ豭һڡ
ǧ̾ϧˣľɫһձ³
㻹浱ǸŮšЦˡ
ԭΪµ˾ˣϾǻҪץˣ˭ֵ֪ĽŻṳ̂š
̫ӾȻˣԵˡ
ŷϿصˣĵɴ۾ߵݡ
Ϊ£ȥѵϻػòڡ
ǽֵʹְλߡ
Ӧ̫ӵĻ
̫ӸյָϽӭӣչ£΢ʹ֣ߵ̫ӵ¡
˭ץҶ֮ˣ̫ӾӸ£һŭ⡣
ֵ˵ص£бɱɷͼܣָʹԴˣ׽ù鰸
̫ӿһ˦ŭ⡣
˵ˣ˴
һָ̫˵뿪̫֮鳩԰ִ˹ϸŷ֣˱ɱŮ֮ˡ
ҵ֤ˣ֤ʵǸŮ˽ᡣ
΢Щ죺֪£ǣ
ϷѧͽճбߣǰбʱжʧϷҲжšǽǲţȥ顣
ֹ̫ӵԣ΢Ҳš
ԭҵ˰֮£̫ɫ̫ûʱû뵽һʱ̶Ȳãֱӵʸǰ״
Ȼ̫˵Դǣʵȴˡ
֮ǰŮǱ˭ɱģǱϷѧͽɱһϵе֤ݣѾ׼׵
˭鲻ס
̫Ӵҹζ࣬׼һʵ֤ݣһб
û뵽Ҳһ֣Ȼֱӽͱ˻ǰ
ڻ̫ӻŹӽжѾˡ
ץб壬ǻװףڴˣˡ̫ٴ˵
ֹڵϣȴֺ
˵̫ӵ£׽бʥʥͣ΢˽ӷ
̫ҧŸʣ㲻·У
ٴߵף΢ҡ
Ľһţȴһ˺
պգûܴ״һӷ
¶Է̫ӵ¡
˵̫ǿº͵ӣбһϣ·ʧǣͷŸ֣ŭã½ձնڰףץ˵
һڸֵļ򣬽߷˳ִ䣬γһѳ
зѩˮڳÿ˵
£Ľ渵ġ
Ǹȴٴι̫ӵ¸ǰ£бɱӷ󣬺αΪһӷŭ
˼


124 
ֲ, ̫ӵĵѾĲϡ
ΪǿȨڲ, η壬´˿̫Ӿһնͷ­ǲˡ
ٴ˼
УͻȻһʵ绮罫ʣ˺һӡ
ÿ϶յĲҰס
̫ճ, ֽάȵĴܡ
ֱһӵ̫ӵ¡
˻, ŷ, ǽָʹʱ˻
ϥأϿ, ¼̻ع
̫˳ƽгӵ, Ÿ֡
Ȼû̧, ȴܸоϷһ⡣
̫ת뿪, Ҳһȥ
ߺ̫ӵ¡
̫ӳ뿪֮, תɡ
ֻվ, һһ˵ҽ
˽ڣͷ, Ż̫ӵ£ǽ, ȴҲǵ롣̫һ, ԴҲǰ׵
лָʹ˹ذֵ˵
û, ̫ӵ, ǽֱʥ, ̫ӶȨӽˡû, Ҳ۵֪, ǽ̫Ӷ塣
ȨӺգȻв˶š
οٴθϽ
ʱյ̫ӴǰϢʥϢȻɫ
ǲá
ֻ½㲻ãһȷѪꡣ
ϻعУǳһ
̫Ѿ˷ѵϣڵһǣʣ²ǹǰ㣬бԩġķˣѾ븸
ϰ뿿ϣ΢˫ŵڵ̫ӡ
ĻʳӣԪճױѧĴϻ֮
Ҳ̫ӸλѧΪ̫֮ʦ̵ѧ䣬ι֮Ҫ壬ǲ֪ʱʼ̫ӵʧ
ҪθǾýץץˣϵƽκƢ
Ϥ¡۵ȴ֪֮µ̬
̫ȻҲоɲƽС̧ͷϣʣǴ⡣
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˵Ҽ㣬κΪεҶ̫ƣǶ˵Ұģѵʾû
̫ͷѹŵʹ·һ˯Ļɽ
ҹҹѹţø⣬øΪ٣̫ͬӣµĴ
Խ࣬вԽࡣ
ضκԶ̫ӡ
̫ͷҲʡԼڣ޷ó⡣
ԽԽףʶ⡣
̫ӣʲô̫ӣֻжд̡
¡۱һʣ˫ֲָ̫ӣӣΪһССˣ޲ɣ
ңֻ󸸻ʸˡ
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Ҹӣ˺ĵز
ӡ
ΪΪΪΪӣҸӵĻʲôԡ
̫ҲŻʵ۵Ļʱʵģ
һΪռʦ̵Ϊ֮
ǵĳ漰֮󣬵ȨٴαȾָ˻Լ̫ӣΪĸ׺ˡ
ǻʵ۷ӣ̫š
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һƲղǸֽ¡˿ûþȫ㣬Ѿڵϵ̫ӣٴκݺݴڵϡ
̧̫ͷѪ˿
¡ָıǼ⣺û˵Ļ͹Ķ
̫ڽשϣȷʵһƴˣ֪Լղ˵˶ô治Ļ
ȴǲģǰס¡۵ȣͷʣô˽˽ЩﶼԿˡΪʲôܿˡһأ㣬ıһ
ҪţֻҪš
ʱ򣬾Ϳ̫Ӳ棬űµʹధ
¡û뵽˿̣Ȼڤ粻飬֪ڸġ
ٴβȻŭһţ̫ߵ
˷׷׹أ̧ͷ
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лƺ⣬һ˿Į
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125 
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̫ӱѺض, 㱻ʵɵ˿ڵڣ˲ÿ
̫ȥ̫ӡ
仹δȥһƱػڳ, Ȼ󲨡
֮, δ뿪˾
һֱȵӹ
һ, վָʹ, ڹʲô
Ȱڰ֣ɤӵȺȿˮ
۶˲ˮ, , һ, žð̵ɤۣЩ
ˣյݺѹ, ˡ
˫΢̫ӵ¡
ͷϵñժָָԼ, ҲǼ˵, ǽıųһ亹
ǿ书ڽŵһΪء
һֱΪĸϵ
СǮı, 治һ㣬˲Ůɫ, ֻư֮
Ǯ, Ͷá
Ҳ, ϢҲǻס, ˵ȥʱ򣬻ǳһִ̫̫֮㣣Ϊ״ǵʥϴŭ֮ʥѺ̫ӻض˽̫ӿڵУκ˼
¶𾪵ı飬Ũü
ɫδ֡
˭Ϣ޷ٱ侲
Ļܱ侲Ҫɴ˵ľġ
ߵǰļ򣺡ɣҹˣȥ·ϣɵСЩ
Ǹֵı֣֪
¶һǿЦ⣺лѡ
뿪ţߵſڣ۽ǣ˹
ͻȻ̧ͷͷܲ£з֮ơ
Ҫ
ͻȻһĨЦ⡣
ֱӴǰȻҹûΧѾһƬڰôҲ˳š
ȫڵ£ȴ·֮
ڿϱУﲢԶֱ㵽ˡ
ڼſʱ˩ſڣ׼ȥ
û檣ֻˣˡ
ģûС
ԼʹӣҲѱʱΪһжС
ϾԼɵľǼЩٹ١
ЩҹļѾǰŵ˶ɸӡ
ֻΣһƿԺţоԺⰲ
²ͣһ٣ÿζڼеٰǣιݡ
ڣԺһƬ
²סǼ᷿ûյյơ
ְסŵ崺γҹĻУֻ⣬һ߽õķš
Ǳŵġ
ĵûһ˿ţֻ˼
뻧мңȻһᱻ굽
ڸһ߿ţӵȥʱӲȻһͻȻںڰ𣺡
ڰУֻһǵϮ
Ǹֲûˣеĳһй˾
ƣҪ´ҾͰƤ

һ󣬻ŴĻɢΧĺڰҲŻŮա
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˳˫۾ںɫ֮С
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筴ǹ𣺡ʦ֣⻰ǿҵĵˣҪǾͳȥԱԣҪ˭Ӯˣøͷ
ֶĬһ˵ҹңΪ˺ұȵ
Ȼǡ筽͵ƶ
ֵƻͨУתƺŷӣ˵ʦ֣Ƕʮ˰ɡ
һݵǰ
ôδȢף筺棬΢ŴƺЩ죺ûȢ޾ˣҶûС
˫ֱͻȻվתͷֱҿУֻͣģѾ߶ûС
ֽԼ췭ۣ˵ҹæ˲ÿǸ⣬ʮѰ
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һ˫ٵӣŸ´ɫŹʦ֣òǡ
ƺЩݣ˰죬С˵ɫɡ
ֲ仰Ǻţֱ˵˵ʲôأ˭Щ߰ġ
˵ǹʦҶ֮񱣬Ҳ
񽥽筣ϸƺЩţ˵ô֪̫ӵ飿
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һСΪôѸٵõϢ
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⻰ŵɫȷʵͣȴøӹŹ֣ظһ飺µģ
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֣
޲ַסԼĶͷ
Ƭ̰󣬸΢΢ҧЩ߰飬˭ġ
ȻЩڽЩǼֲ֡
ĿУɻǸСͲᵽЩ飬˵Ȼ򶨡
ãҲӦᵽʱߴ˵ȥ
ֻķӦ˾ңЩȻοʦ֣֪ڴ˵Ů֮ף֮ʵѵǴ֮áǣﱾͬһۣ֮˰ɡ
Ŀɿڴ
˼˼ǣһСﲻýӴЩ߰ġ
ֲŷԼ˼ȫ筴ƫ
ɴȻǲµģ˵˵ôµġ
գգ۾ն֣ʵǲ˵ʮʡǸȥĹŮѹص㣬صھ˭ɱǸŮ²бУе֤ݶָǸбˡ
ֵˣҲǳб壬Ϊ˳̫֮Ĺϵ
Ȼ̫ӻϵˣֵ̫ԡرϧҲκ˴б壬Ѿֵ˿ߡ
ĬȻ˵ġ
Ƶʵֻ֣Ҫ̫ܹб壬Ȼɽ⡣
֮ˣ뿴ģ̫Ӷб̬ȡ
ڷʧƬ̡
̧ߵʦ֣ڣʦ֣أУ㾿Ľɫ
ʵ֮ǰҲǸػѯʻǲɫ̽
Щżɽֱ롣
ʦ֣ڰĽɫء
ʱýѲģǶ
ҲǼƻеһڣôڹﵱֵĽ죬ȻҲ֮ǰµİ֡
Ϊ˻ḺҳɱŮĹؼ֤ݣӶб塣
ֱ筵۾ú˵ƣھС
ǴڴϣٳżЩˣӦˣ㣬ᣬȴᶨ
ƺûٳƺʦ֡


126 
žδŴ桢ݶ, һҵš
筴δ븵֮ԣŵĽʱ, Ǿڸղŵһ˲, Ǳ˴˼ľŶԷ
ջǸ¶һĨȻЦ⣺Ҿ֪ôµ
筼ȻЦôƵ, ʱգʦ, Ϊһ˽, ˶޹գҪΪ𣿡
֮⳯ϣ֮, ˭֮ࣿ
һ仰, סˡ
筲̫Ǵһʱв̤ҲֻΪϵƫ, кڽɽ𢡣ȴͬ, ǿЩ޹˽󣬶硣
Դ֮, ۿЩƼݵǣڿ˵, Լȥǵʱ, ַĵʹ顣
ÿÿ뵽, 筱޷ԭ¶ˡ
ǵ˵λ, ²ˮ֮С
Լĳ񶼲صĻ, ָȨ, ӵһ֮ȥϧЩ޹ء
ȴ˵ƣ㲢δڳУô֪ȫ̫ӵ˵ǰʴȣôֺ¶
޻̸֮ѵֻ̫ʺ񣬾͵Զһڮݺ筴ʱͿ޲˿ֵϸ
˵һֱǷǣѵ㵽˾ǣ˽˳֮ϣͰ̵һж𣿡
ʦ֣㲻ġ
Ůǿ͸˵ʧ
һҹ磬ŷﴩ͸ڵϵĻ磬ҡһΡ
ǰһҪ筵ƺ뵽ǴҲǸԼǸûǳԾͻڵСŮ
ƣǱҪ飬ʦ־бҪ顣
筲׵ҡͷΪŰ
֣ôȷʦһΪŰ
˻һֱŴ˵
Ȼ뽫筣ǣЩǷ֮С
Ͳ뿪ǣصݣҲ֪Ķܿơ
ƣֻһ£Σʦֶ˺㡣
ı֤ȴûһ˿⡣
Ÿ֣˵ʦĵߣôֻ˵Һʧ
ԣʱʦһ̵ֱΪʦֻΪصӺˡ
ıΪ
ʦ˳ãֻŪȨƣΪŰĵ˵ʧ
µľǷ֣ΪϤˣʵѾı䡣
ʦԷֱٵط꣬м¼Σ֪ʦ־Щʲô顣
ö粨ʦڽĵط
֪˽ϻʵ۸˶ټ˵Ĺ
ͻȻ签Լû취ô߸ϵĶʦ˵ġ
赭дļ仰ЩھһС
筶Ƭ̣˵ʦ֣ҲĿʲôֻ˵һ仰С̫ӺͶˡ
ǶӮңϣʦվӣһ³
ͻȻЦƣ׻᲻ʦ֡
Ͼֻһʦ֡筳ǣ
ռʦ֣ǲˡ
Ȼֻĵֹû˵ڡ
*
ҹسƽʱţ˭֪һţһССС㡣
һСС˻ӡ
签ȣôû˯ء
͵ƣ˵ˣҵС㣬Ծһֱš
˵ţ˹Ͻϰɣʡˡ
СЩһ·Ǳʪͷѡ
˸ɾİײһ߸·һ߹סĳ
筻ѣŰͷ̲ס̾ǰգͷһݡ
ԼһЦС㻹أҾ˵ĶҾ͵øŵĶ
ǣ۲ʶ̩ɽȻ˰Ҫԡ
֮ҹУҵܰ
ڶգ筻΢
ֱţȥո
˭֪յſڣȻڲԶһǰˡ
Уξߵֶȷǰվǽǣһصģ
ֶȷԭļ尾ѣ˭֪ͻȻ˺һ̧֣ͼһžӳԼǰ
ֻȴû޵ı飬Աһ

ֶȷºһ
筱ЦˣУξôվţǵˣ
ֶȷɵͷֻĿڴ筵ʱ͵ҡҡͷ
筱ľٶЩԻ󣬵ͷҡͷʲô˼
Уξǲʲô飬Ҫ£˵ǰ㼸ǵæҶûüúллء
һ㾡ܿڣҿ϶ܰæ̬
ֶȷ£ίʵģҹվҪȥӪ
ҪȥӪ签ϲ
ֶȷǰλСӪ˧ĵŮЦǰ˧ƽ֮󣬱ɻڴҶϷǰӪȥǰߡ˻ᣬܿҪ뿪ǡ
˾µ̣ɵȴһǰ塣
κ˶ֶȷδ筣ȴ֪⾩סĵط
ʩչȭŵء
һƱ㻯ֶȷҲҪǹ˷ϵĿꡣ
Уξδǰ;ڴˣףɡ
ֶȷɰڰ֣˵֮ҪȥΪҸӪ֮ˣֻϧҸ˱˵ĸֵ¡
飬ʱ̶Ϊױ
ֻʣҪǰЩ
Χǵ筲Ϊ
ֶȷƺѣͷԶԣģȥո㶫Ҳ֪ôһˣȥ֬ӣЩ㡣
ҪոЩ𾪡
ͻȻһЦУξҲ
ֶȷϣǣǸףΪһֱͣҪˣҲոĿ֬ǣŮӶϲ
ô˵ţ筲߿ۡ
˵ж־ķֶȷȻк֮־
Զ־ȴϸģС¶ĸ׿ǡ
ͻȻգգ۾ӵֶȷɡ
¶ϰɣ
ֱֶȷɣӺŽոӣֱ˶¥
ոһ֣صؽ¥䣬Щ˵ڣڷѡ
ֱӽֶȷɴš
ҲЩܲ˰ѡһֶȷ˵
ʶȻˣҾ͡
ͻȻֱֶ̧ȷɣ鶯γ˫͸ĹУξҪ˭ѡ
ֶȷ˿ңﰲš
ЦУξֱ˵Ļҿɾⰲˡ
Ȼ˵ĻֶȷɵθŽ
汻筴˸š
ǰ㱻ܣֶȷɾȻΣգǹƥǰȥˡ
˼ûкԸ˽ģֻҲܡ
šһЦ
ǲƲһѡ
뷽Ѻ룬ֲָһӶǸշţѰкβɡ
ֻŴԽԽãݺݴЩҪЦһơ
Щ֮ף¶ޣҲѰˡ
ȥ鷿䷿ճõġ
õĶ࣬١
Ȼһƿţͷǰǰź˱Աһֻ̡һ˫ϸ֣ٶĲŪӡ
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筺㡣
ƣôûڼϢЩֵ
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ǰɣǰָָ˲᣺Щʲӵ˱㿴ֻȥкˡ
أֻЦȥкˡ
ƿǼй͵ӣӳģһͦθߴıӰ
վڴڣѰӵţֻǿխ͸һŷ
ֶȷת¶Ծ顣
Ŀԣ˭ûȿ˵
Ҳ֪ΪΣֶȷɵԺͻȻմϣڵҹĻ˫ֽǰݵơ
ֶȷվڴǰңңһ
ˣЩӵǿףֻñͿʱˣ˸ͬյ̫͸ҵĸɾʡ
΢˵Ĺֹͣӣ
ֶȷɣҹձҪȥӪΡ
˵Ѿʼ͸һɳӵǡ
ǰ㡣
ǰĹԼ곤꣬ȴֵʢ֮ʱüۼ͸ŲĶˣһ̧ǡ
ʱֶȷɷ뵱˵ٻ
ڼĵĪ
ȫȻû˸ղǰ֨֨أֱֱ̧
׻񲻶ַסĶ
̧ȥֹӣ֪˾ӣĻԡ
˾ӱ㲻ϲĹ𣿡ֶȷͻȻԳһЦ
˼ɵ˵˾ӱ㲻ϲ㣬Ը˾ӡ
ʱʢ
֪ж﹫ӣҪһ仰
Ǻ֮òǺŮҲ֪˵ݻҪӭȢ
˲̸鰮
Ƿ޵Ϊ̫ӣʧ͸һ£ѿ͸
ҡͷлֹӵʶֻĻ䣬̸鰮
ֶȷȴ˵ʱ򣬿粽ǰֱվǰ
ֻһ֮ңϵϢԵǿƵ֣Χ
ֱװΧĸо
ֶȷɸӼߣ˿΢ǰŮӣ۽޲ͣŷ֣ԭԼ˵Ļ䣬ƺ쳾
ֶȷͻȻЦ㶶ʲô
Ļ̧ͷ
ǰ꣬ЩգԼǱëͷСӸϷ˲ɣٴΰ˵ֹӣǳֻ֬ҪҵĻǾˡҲܽӴ
Һòã׼ת뿪ʱֶȷͻȻ˵䡣
ֶȷǰ˫ļתԼ
΢֪Լλʲϳƽ鹡ңҶ㣬ʱһ󵽳ƽȢ
ǿƼƵʧ̬ƣѵȢұҪӦ𣿡
֪оܾȨ֮ǰһŬԼһȢʸ񡣡
˵Ļȹ̣Ҫյġ
һڻ㻹ţȻŴսϻɡ
ֶȷɴ˿ɳ׷
˫ǳӣߣл˵Ĵ⡢ҡ
˿˫ӳģ


127 
Ժڡ
лĿ, ݰӵһϵ֤ݣѾĲࡣҲֻһ»ȷϣǾ̫֮¡
˭֪洫
͵𣺡, ĸ˳ˡ
лüͷ΢̫ߵ̫ܹܣôڴʱԺ

һԸ
ͽƿ֮󣬱Ÿ˳, һ̷, ﵹδŹ߳õķ
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˳Ͻ̫Ϊ̫ӵ, ųԲ¶ñ֪
߰, ȥ̫󡣡
лվ, ߡ
˵, лˣǻĸˡ
Ͼĸ۰, ¡ǰ㣬⽫һ, Լ۫ĳҡ
̫, ¼ž, źСŮ֪, ̫鲻ݡ
ȵͨӵˣ̫ڡ
㲻ڵôˣ̫֪˶Ժ󣬼ǿġ
Ͼ˳ãζ˺쳾
̫ϲȴƼԼİӣĳ˶ĺС
л˵˳˵һ춼ûԶˣ
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ˣŵūţȥ
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лҡͷ
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ѹסϲɫͳܺ󹬣˵ܲŻϵķѵ
Ƿѵôź̺͹Ů׼ˡ
̫ͻضôĶ
ס
ճϣƺҲûʲô飬ֻࡣ
̫̲ס֪̫ǵû˲죿Сİ磬ʵۻôʹȥ
л֪£̫֪Ҳ֪
Ҳֻ˵գڶ顣
̫ԣ΢סü˵նǸ˸ɵģҪˣ̫ȴʣ
ʱң̫Ӳϲֶ֮¡лؾᡣ
ֻ̫ҲǰĶգԼĶӳΪӮ֮ǰѾˡ
ЩĳǱĻҪ
ԭ̫Ϊ˸г裬Ż˴󶯸ɸꡣ
̫̲סģǹ֮׶ҡ
лȰοĸ˵ģֻ̫ڶ㡣
ǽ㣬պأ
̫Ҳ֪֮£⶯̫׿سġ
ﱲ֮У̫ΪأлΪ谮
򲻵֮ʱ̫ӲԷ
⼸ʵ۶̫ӵ̬ȣ̫䲻˵ȴǿУҰĲȫлʵ֮ʡ
̫ⵣģӲʳ֮£ҲֻǴʺĳ
лĿ΢˸ã˵²ܽΣɱʥĶϾ
̫ԣ̾һϿס
һӲʵ̫ͻǰܡ
ֱӤĸֻԸǶúõġ
󣬴ʱ̫ҲǸϡˡ
лϥǰ΢ͷĸء
̫οûôģЩ
ֱɫ΢ʱл뿪
뿪ϵֵͳ
Ƽվ񣺡ӵ¡
ͳ죬ˡлƿĳ¶һ˰ûӰ֮У忡ˡ
࣬ʹΣǱְ֮¡κСְڻʹȥ硣
лü΢ͳˡ
뿪ʹʻǰ۫·
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ʹڵĽգƺൽ˹⣬ЩӣѫҶԼӵܶʵЩ˼ⱻץסѱϵŭ
̫һ£ڸļλƺҲż
׸ɰ˷粻ԪϣѾϰ˴ˡ
˵İݷӡ
˰´ǰ˾Լͤ˼塣
ʹ죬壬ϵ˼²ҵ˼࣬壬԰ȡʤ󣬵˵
´ǰʰϵӣˣʱ˻ұǡ
ڶԺҲ˼꣬٣ǻȴƴѹţ´ǰȻհ֪ΪΣ
´ǰ£ʦѧ³ֱԲ¡
Ҳ֪Լȱ㰡Цһ
´ǰΪֱеƷʡ
ָ׹ۡ
ĳۣ߲ܡǰֻ֪ղ֪ᣬǵ˸λɱ֮
ѵǣѧġ´ǰӶŹ
ڹָָ̣һ̣һ̡µǱڸ׸Ҫæѵץ¼̡
ɾڴʱйͻȻһۡ
ڴ˴˵ɣհˡ
үﴫϢ̫ﲡˡ
üϺ̫ӹϵŵĹͷ̫󾹲ˣѩϼ˪
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ʹķһ̾Ϣ
ʱ筸մû뵽ղգлȻҲܴй䣬Ҫȥʲô¿һҾ¥
˾¥ŷҲ࣬Ųʲô׷ĵꡣ
ʱһµлѾվڰڡ
Ҿ¥˵ȴлϡ

գգ۾ȴߵࡣ
վڶ¥Ĵڣ¥³ˮֳܣ˵л˵ˣǸ˿ӡ
˳˵ģѰ¥µǼ˿ӿȥ
ӵ󣬸ۣһ۾ƼҲÿ߳ˡ
һ
ڶǸˣҲǵϴҪżˡ
Ǹڿ˵ԩˡ
л˵֮ұùſڵţȻҵˡ
˰οҵˣǼס˶ԷǸ˭һġ
˽кɣ־ָʹγȼеĹ£빬Ϊ˸񣬡лһЦ
ü
γ־ָʹͳ־ʳְϽڣֻֻһССĹǰǵ̫Ӳã˵γȲ
˫ѵγҲǶˣ
ǡлƶҡͷ
筴㵣żǶݵӣΪƸֿ˽󣬵Դ鶼ɾˡɼȻΣȥż󣬾˵һϵġ
ǺγȵˣⲻƶϣȻγȱǻʵ۵ˣ˽Ѿһ
лƺҲţʵЩҲռЩ֤ݣǰżᵽ˶ԺΡ
ûһжֻһȦף
üʲôȦף
һöϲ·Ȧף
ƺãŽȫ˵˵֮£Ǳ˸µף
εȻƣεȻ
л˵̲סʵ֤ݣ
񶼻ֻƶϡл˵
ĵССһ˵Ļ˵޹ġ
Ȼ޹ģ֮£˸µȦףյҰģȦ֮СǸĻ֮ˣ£ȴҲʾ֮
筻Ƭ̣˵㻳ɵ̫ӣ
л˵ͷ
筴û
ѵżԼҪֻΪݺڣƱһϸܵ˿סȫ޷ѣľơ
лȴ˵Ҫ֪ΪʲôôɣҪҪʲô
Ҫʲô
ᰡ
ٴγ筶ϣĪŹֵĸоֻڤڤرĸо
лɴϵĲյ̫ӣǶȻŲͬ
һӣԿżͺɡ
ǴŵһһɰǵĿĲǰ˭ա
л޳ָѹڸϡ
筴ָµĲյ档
ֱл˵Ҫǰϴˢԩ
Ϊ̫أʳɻ
ҲǶ
л˵ĸǻңԵͨһӢԶ˼йء
̫ʱΪʦ
ɴᰵ֮䣬νǲݡ
ҲΪʲôлڵ֪żй֮󣬱㻳ݰĻûô򵥵ԭ
ȻͽͲ²⣬ڴϮؾ֮;пռϾɰ
KҲˣռ˲ٵڡ
˽⵽ϾɰӢйغͳ׻żĿġ
Ͼż֮󣬼ֱ֪޲ԣǣ˶ϡ
ᰵЩɲ˽½һ
֪¡۾ϷǱɴ˶̯ˮ
ӵ̫ӵǻΪ̫Ӷо飬öǻֻһա
лķͻȻʣǸʲôˣ
ô꣬˲ϧҲҪΪ
ˣж¡
Щڡ


128 
˼ʱ, Ժȴһͷ
ǰһֱΪʦڸ¡
ҪǸӦһܱһ﷿̵
ĿǰЩϴż
¶ƷĻż󲢲Ƕ, ôҪҲǶ
ڶ, л̫, ǸɱŮѳĶ
˵Ϊʱ̫æδõ̫ӵʾ⡣
筲, ʦΪβ˵
תһ룬ԳţΪΰɡ
֮, Ҳ, , ڱ˴˵Ӫаߡ
, Ҳš
ôˣлƺɫı仯ָա
ץסƣԼ῿˹ȥ΢̧, ۽Ӥ, һֱ𣿡
ᣬ, ŵԽԼϡ
лȻ䣬˵Ļ, ȴȴ⻹Ҫȡ
ĵ׸ǵ㱯, 仰һ, ȫɢȥ
ץƣӸǳЦɡ
ΨǰŻ¶Цݡ
л˵ֻʱ䣬ǻб䶯ҲΣһᱣ㡣
ԣγԲ˫ٴ¶СЦ⣺Ҳӣ㡣
лקԼƣ۵׷εЦ⡣

֪ǰѺĻ˵꣬л޿ʡ
˵̫˵飬ǲǶȦףʵ
лü΢չ˭˭пܵˡΪһվ±ߣ᧿Σ֮ơȴƼתԭʤȯ̫ӣϹڶ˼
е뷨Σ˭֪£ѾӮһ˿£ŤתǬ
ߣĻ󲼾ߡ
ʵֲָֻͨһСŮ̫֮Ĺǣ˳
̫Ĵ͸õϡ
ľ̫ӲδϣΪǸ˶ײԼĸʡ
筲ԼǸΡ
̫췴֮£ʵ̫֮ǰһֱл͸¶ֺ
лҲھУ˵۫δվӣನ𵴣δزǣǡ
ò鷢
筲ԼıܣصĴ
˼ȥлڻ˵Ӥŷ֮ˣǰӦһ˵һܿ̽ǰ֣ȫӦ鵽𣿡
лһ˿ȣȴǶ
ݣ˺֮£ԼξһһαӦ飬š
˵һǰԤ֪˽飿
лεȴ˵ģڣһѪ
лգ·Ҫ̽ѰԵ١
죬ַ·жס˺Ӳ˷˼֮£ԡ
һ׼ģС̫ӺͶ
л˵筣˭ܣ̫˼ֻ㲻ǿԼǿнԼܹڡ
û뵽󣬾ҪοԼ
ǿһЦ˵Ӥ̫ӺͶԽң˵׼ͻ᳹ױǻףܵһҪСġ
лͷȴǲģѵ̫ʺ֮ͣµȦף˵ǰ㣬ϡ
л͸¶֮筷Ȼ⣬Ϊ̫ӻı
ԭһֱΪ̫ǱƣȲѲŻ췴
δ̫֮ǡ
¡۵⼸ӣΪȨƣıȡλһϧΪһ̤
ǵǵķǵ´ңմֻ
筵Ǻ޲˿˺Щܾˡ
λ˭˲С
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˵Էͷɲ棬лǵһӵĲˣƷһ
˭֪ԵһʱҴŶ롣
ӣŹܼң˵ﴫϢ̫ﲡˡ
л
Ҳߴٵɡ
һ˿Իظ𣿡л
¶һοЦݣģһгôһأЩȥɡ
лʱơ
ת뿪һ
ԭ̫ӵ˶ڵǣ˷̫ǵûŭճû뵽̫ǲǡʱ
̫ӵļλ빬
ɾҲһ빬ĹдθǹˣһΪءڸ֮У˵һ
λƼд󰲵׸ˣ빬ȱ㰲ˣỹһȰȰʥϢŭ
Եˡ
һȥ˻ϣ¡ƺ֪Ϊζ
֪Ҫ˵ʲô̫״ʹģԲŻ̫ڶУ˼
ӵɽϣҰĻ̻̣ǻĽ̫ӣֻԽϾһ֮ײɶð
µʲô
ǻʵ˷ϳ̫ӵ˼
һδ֮λıͷѪɺӡ
ӵɽ̫ٸΪ̫̫ӵ̫ĵˣֻҲͷˡ
ԲΣҪıǱ̫ӡ
ӵɽ˸ͷ˱Ƿ׷׹ؽɡ
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̫ʲôԸʵŹڵϵС̫ࡣ
С̫ษż̫˼̫ӵµ
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ȴĻϲһһʼȰ˵ʵۣʱȷ̫ӳΣ̫ڲУܸ˼ҿġ
¡һڼТʱ̫⡣
Ըȥּ⣬̫ǰ̼
дһԣλ󳼷׷һ
˴ҴҸϵ̫ƺѵϢ
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ڽֻǿ̫ӣ̱
¼̫Ҳǹ
̫ǰʥϿͣſڵĽҿһۣƺ֪òÿ
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Ȼǲܵġ
ǽÿ̫ƿţ档
š̫һ仰
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ǰƺû֪ɴԴ
̫Ҳ̲ס˹ȥ˫ְסֱۣ£ѽ
һſá
ɢų̫ӣ̧ͷʧȥɵ˫̫ϣã۾΢˷·һ˿
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̫ȴ֡
ɫʱɷףû뵽µ񣬵¾Ǹˡ
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̫΢ӣֱϵۣͻȻʣˣ
̫Ҳ޷ܣѹ˻𣺡ԣˣʥѾԵѰɡ
ѵΪһˣҪǶȫ𣿡
̫ѸᣬǼҵŮˣñһʱ򵹣Ѹ˵̫ﲡˣԵµļλʦڸĴǣһȰɻϣõȥ̼ȥ׼ˮϴ֮󣬱ȥ
ĸˣ̫ګګ
ָ̫˸̫ӵĺ󱳣̫ˣֻڱ»ԸԵ£͵ǳ̫󣬹檺ͼӡ
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̫һ̫㼱Ҫ
ҿ۫үۼֿ죬ס̫ĸ󣬲ż̫ӵⲻء
ĸˡ̫ӹڵϣм̫ǰ
ֵ̫أͷۻãοˡ
̫
ǵ̫ȡģԢϣһһӡ
ĸТˡ̫ӹڴ齱ߣʹ顣
⼸ձ˿˲ֹһȦ
ǵ̫۵ˡ
ʱλҲ׷׸ϵֻȴֻͷš
ǾŻлʱĶͻȻʵͷ̫ӵ£
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һ࣬ɫ֪˻Ϊǵ̫塣
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̫֮¸մУĵױá
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ĸɫʲôѿ
ԭֻ̫Ը۫򸾻л̫֮ˣҲڵ
Щˣ̫ͬӣȴֻڵš
Զһֱ
ܿ죬̫˳ּ˵˲ڴ˺ţ˼ˣȫˡ
ȥûһŻлʱ׷
磬˵ڵʲô˼лʱ׷ҿһۣСԹ
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лʱɲõ磬ֺαң˭˲֪վͷġ
תͷѹ˵ĸⲡ治ʱұŸƺҪ¶ģĸͻȻһʾˡⲽͰ̫Ӹ˳Ҫ˵̫ӳһˣΪ
˼־С
ǵʲôʲô
ԭθ̫ӣۿŸ֮ϵѺۣǿԳûС
̫ôһв𶼴ơ
һظ㻻һװȥӢ
鷿С
ⲽŭֻ̫ټ̫۫һңȫȻûЩӷУ˼ƫԽס
̫һ򲻹ʳ֮£ƫ̫ΡԶ˼ûô
ƶϽ˵˸Ͻ뷨Ӱɣǰһ֣̫ˤһӣôĿ
ڻԶ˼ı㣬ѡ
ǰһζ̫ڳȻӮࡣ
Ͼ̫֮еӰҪĶ࣬ҪȻҲὣƫ棬ݸ顣
ǻԶ˼һ֣´˾֣ô˭֪дЧ
Ʊı̫ڳϣȻĶ֡ӱҵ㡣ֻҲû뵽̫ӾΪһˣײʥϣ޲ɼ
ȡ
΢ЦǸƫĶôЩĸͳܺ󹬣лʺ֮ʵΪγٳٲĸΪ󣬻ҳйӣ᳹в̫ӵĵλ
һ죬Ҫĸ٣
Զ˼״û⣬΢һ̫أֻ̫ܰԺ֮һƣ̫ӳûзĿԡ
Դã˸㻹ʲôӣ
ֻǴ˼ƹգһϡ
ЦЦֻҪ̫ܽնϧ
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Ͼ˶һ֮⣬Ҷϣ̫ıϳ
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Ϊĸʮ꣬Ҫĸһ¡
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˭֪Уȴ˵ȻʦڽӴ᷿ͣеȺ
ֱСɮǰ֪ᣬʦӴͣԼ
ǰȻʦԺ˭֪;Ϳ߹Ϊ֮ƺЩ죬һƣŷ־Ƕ
Ϊڴ˴
ƺҲǰ᷿δ筡
ȻʦԺ˵⣬ĸ׵ķ¡
ʵСɮѾķ¡ȻʦίһЦ
¶Ǹ⣺Ҳ֪£ͻ֮ʦ
˵ţ£ʵ֪ڻλʦķأ
ίеСɮԸȻʦһЦ
ס˼ŵЩʦ֪ʦΪλı⡣
ȻΪСȻºһЦ
ǳˣȻڿЦ筡
̶̵ֻЩ
Ȼ¸صĴʦΪζһ棬޷Ϊл
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Ȼȴ˵ǰҰųӤݣǷ˽ɡСɮѾ𷣡
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˵СɮҪлʩȻºͣƽľš
Щ⣬ҪлԼʲô
ʦܳӤ׶ֶⶣУȴĥѡԶʦʱһֱƫһջ;
Ȼϣã˵ʦ뿪󣬶ҿʦܡ
û뵽ຣģȴ
Ļɬ̣ȴů롣
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筿һͻȻǰĶԸϽͷػ¡
лɮˣɲ⼸С
˭֪շԸ꣬ǰȻҲˣֱӽ˹
筿ɲԶΪͷ
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˭֪ȴӳ̽ӣһץסֱޣ뿪

޲
ںţԭͣ£ҪЦֻҪǰ£ʱɱʱ򣬾ͻᴫǶǡ
ʱ򡭡
˭֪ͿǰһͣҲͣˡ


129 
ĺɱ, ƺ˦
ҲǼ˴ˣ̲סʵС㣬治ͣˣ
ûƼﱻˤǶ, Ҿ㿴, ϶ҲҪȰ˵ͣ¡
ϾӴģҲ亱
һ˦һߴ߶ƥͷԷ, ˼ôɱ֣ǾСèֻȥˣҪȥˡ

, һţ޲ԼĴڸгʧ
ᵽֵʱǷȺСҡҡͷ
, ֻš
Ҫ, Ī¡
׻һصĳᣬ޻ӵķ, ɱɱ׷ϡ
ЩɱƺŹڳÿ, ֻ·
ۿŶԷó, ׼׼ƥ
Ϊ˷ֹŶķݣס
ϾԶԷ֣ɱ
缰ʱסһ֡
סľٶ, ȻҲ׷ɱ֮, һ̣ɱ־ͿŮֱ̧, ƿ䡣
ֵΪ, ɱֶЩס
ֱಡһյ, һС˹
׷ɱƼСҪ㿪ȴѾֻСһļϡһʹ
ɱֱӽ˳İҲóۡ
Ļ£ͻȻ̧Ҫסӡ
ƺжסĺ漴ɫӳһɲɫ
Ҳץסֱ֣ͦͦˤȥ
ͬ״תͷȥȴٴһöС
ֱ۵ÿֻСֻÿͷϣմŶҺ
筲ɱ˵ʱײá
ϾͷϵĶҺѪ
һɱٴŲãֱȥ筵ĵѾӰΣ˸ǰ
ɱֵͷԼǰ¶ı顣
ƴֽУƺҪҳҩԼ
ԼеĶʲôܽ⿪
ΡΡͳһСƿʱƿڵϣˤķ飬Ҳ֮ڵϡ
ߡˡ
һ㶼ͬЩɱ֣ԭֻҪɱͺá
ѹûȶЩȴҪ׷
ǵţǷҪ
ⵢʱɱһ׷һУȻ
ڶƴ໤֮£мƣǿŻҪ
վŵһŮģˣк
׷ɱȻĿ֤ˣҪȻִ
̧ͷʱȴǳס

һºҲ˽⣬ȻҲǣС˲ŷлܡ
رǶڲμ궫ᣬͱԹ۫ƫ̻ңǫ̀
ŶȴڿԼʱ򣬽Ųɡ
׷գ۱㵽˫ٶɱ
ֻһһŭ˳͢ȴɱǳĴ˭ָʹǵģ
ֻʣˣɱȴʮ֮ࡣ
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¾ɽϣ˴ΪԼɱңܵ𣿡
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лͻȻ̾һ͸һΣ˿մ˶أѾ˳˿ڽѪҺ¼Ȩֻｫ˿ڵĶ

筳Ȧˣô˵
𰶼£գգ۾֪Ǻá
Ĵ˵ӿɻеͨͻȻл̧ԶĴ
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˫Բһ룬ͷؿڣ촽ͣڼδϸ۵ļڿУоĴ΢һ
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Ａףɳܲˡ
л˵˻ʱǷ죬Եø졣


130 
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һ˲, 筺еףҪôĵ
Ѳ췹Դȥʵ, ָ飿
Ͼ筿Ϊ˾ȶж, лȲѵ£ӵ촽ӴŮӵ˿ڣļ֮, ǿͻŮ
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筡ж, л鼱֮¾
ɶ
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ǲԾĲ˿ڴë
𣿡΢ҧŴСʵ
Ϸ̫棬ȴ߳ܵС
ǰϷɫ, ȫȻʧ
лҲ֪˴ǹ컯֮£ô, ҲֻΪϷ, ˺, ӻͳҩ
лҩ˿, ۵ƺһ
ͷһ亹ٴ߳
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΢Ŵһ
лƺίͰ̼ͣ䣬ǰ㣬ٴο˿ڣ̲סҪĴס·
һϢ˿ڣŷֻ֣Ϊ˿ڡ
л̧޾᣺𣿡
ƴһЦֲСӡ
һ
лȴ΢üȻ˵ܰ筼ֵ꣬ô塣
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ĻȴһȪͷӡ
죬ǵһССЦ⡣
Ǵ绯꣬Ǳȴ˺ѷΣϱ߰˴˿ڣЩǵˣҲ
Ҫɱͱһ
û븹ֻǿֹסѪ
ͷӶô
лûʵ췢ʲô飿
筣ҽȻʦΪҰһ¡Ҳڣ̫ǰɽҵʱЩɱѾΧס
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лһ˲ɫһԲ
筸ϽС˵Щɱֽɱ֮ۿҪѶɱˣЩҲϵЩ˻ǹȣԸЩ䵽֮ǰȥһ
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筴߻ߵװס
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131 
筵ʱ, ԭǴ㾲ĻԼԺӡ
ֻϵѪ̫ԣǡ, Ѿߡ
Ű㣬صԼԺС
ûһǸ˹
һŸ߹Ĵ㣬ѵһƿţ˽筸սѪ߰ߣһĿȻ
һƼϵѪ, ЩŻȥ
ҿѾԱ߷һѡ
ü٣һƵþ͵筸ǰ, ȫǽƺ͵ģǰ, Ҫ鿴筵˿ڣֻȥ, ôͳ
筶, ο˵ҵ˿ڸհ, ͱˡ
ż˵, ô¡
ԱߵƼͶĿ⣬ϽȰ˵ԼС㣺С㣬㿴СջѪ߰߶û, ҪС㻻ɾѡ
Դ̤żüûɿ, ʱɫǽ
Ƽ, һ۵ʵڲ, Ȱ, ˵䡣
ǰл筰ʱһ筻·ֻȽײ𿪡
óгŵҩӣһ߶һ˵С뷿֬ˮ۱鱦ΣСķУôǷЩ
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ɱƫƫ˸š
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132 
¡۶лⷬ, ҲЩȣֻϲŭ¶ɫĵ, 㣬¶𾪵ı顣
û뵽Ӥ㾹ĳ¡۾ȻҲЩֻɰͰ仰
лĿѾﵽҲûָʤ׷
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һűõ, ҪţЩҪ÷ۡ
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û, ŮָΪ
˵ȷʵίЩ, նܽǻΪ, ŮҲһλ, ̫ί
ԭ, ͰһԺаŵ׵
θ, лһˮͽ
̲סȥ, ѹϾǰǰԹ, ˵λӵ±ա
Żĸݱ΢Сͱڻ, ͬĵڶӡ
Щ强Ļ, ûٸ˵
ǰϾ̫, , ôܱһӸ۸ˡ
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һߣŻᣬվǰ῿ʵָ̧ۣ¡硣
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лӣȢôһλŵڸߣձȨĹǣΪ
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¡۵ɫһкβףӤҲ鼱֮£Ϊ˾ˡ
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ĶȢŮҲ͸ˡ
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ȴ˳ã붼ԺȨա
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빬𣬱㱻Ȼʺѹס
Ȼʺ൱ֻλոȻʺ밲
ȻʺĶӣ̫ӣһ֮֮ϡ
ĶֻǸȻʺĶ֮¡
һȻʺѹţȻʺȥǸ˵ңɼΪƽ̫ӼĹϵΪ
ǣĶӳ̫ӡ
ȻĳΪʺ̫
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лֱ۫ȥԺӡ
۫ԭڼԺĻݣƼЦֵôô硣
ЩлڶԺæµҹؼҡ
۫˯ʱû
ѾʱõĻظԶѾȥˡ
˵ҪҲעӣֻҲҲ㻹ˣ۫ۡ
Կ䣬뾩ǵЩӵܽȻͬ
Ϊ˳ȣ䣬˵ôһССëֱǸĺúӡ
һôһӣԼҵľλǶġ
лŬŬ˵û
Ҫǣһƽ
л״һֱĲôүҲûѰҽϺֻҪʥֵϢүػȥ롣
лǣ˿ʼҲķӡ
л۫¼º͵ĸһ㡣
Ҷֻ˵ˣ󣬡۫һЦ
ֱл˵ն̵飬˵ˣԼΪأԼڷѵҪҵԧס
۫գĲյЩˤȥǺòҪ˼Ҿӣ˶𱨣С
Ǻ޳
۫߿ĺܣͲϲȻƽ鶼ȥ
βͬȻԼδϱ
ӤӣĶһ죬ò׳һҪȢؼĹ۫޲ס
ҪǳӤ֮ǰ˵ʱ죬Ѿ̲ס
Զ븸ĸһָ顣л˵
۫һЦҷİɣθĸܽ°׵ǰ̫ʱ̼ң˼һֱ̾˵ƲȢӡʵò֮£̫һ˵⣬˭˼ұͬ⡣
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۫һ˵۫ɫһҰģڶڲסˡĸұձȨ£һҡ
治̫ǳ׷𣿡
۫⳯ԽԽףһھ̣Ƕ൨š
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˲֪ٹˣ˽Ľ۫
˵۫үڳȫȻûн˼Ҷ֮ˣҪôŬ
Ȣң۷ء
۫Ҳ۫˾ԹԸȥԼߴﹾһͨ⡣
Σգֱӳ۫˴Ĵָ˲ߣ
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۫ղ֪Ӥڶǵ飬˵Ϊ˾ˣǻҲ֪Ӥ׳ڻ£ǰӰţҪϾ쳾š
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¡˵ҪΣ
ָӤͻ顣۫ߵ׳ݣ˵ԼĿġ
ڰ˵óӤ״ΪɮͷܾȢӣ쳾ֻ֮٣ȻҲͻ᳹ʧ
Ӥˣɼﲢų⣬ĵ׶ЩøС
Ǻβ˳ˮۣȱ˼óӤ״ͷ
¡۱Ц˵⻹һõĺ÷ء
Ȼ۫Ц
¡۶Լ׵ܵһֱݣܹ۫˳Ұģô˶˵λơ
ȫȻ˶ʮǰܵҲǷͬ졣
˵˻۫ʶղžԼ
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Ҳ
飬ˡ
۫ͷҲһʯͷϾлһֱףԣҲһĲ


133 
۫ظ֮, 㽫Ϣ۫޶˺޲ü̾Ϳʼ׼̡
ֻ۫ţͻȻΪλڲҪȵ̫ǧ磿
۫ʵһ
ֹ۫ϲɡ
½, Ǻ˵˵, ֻһ׮ָѣºα, ۫ҡҡͷ, ǲŵġ
۫ȴΪȻһ׮ָͨ𣿡
ССҵڲô, ҲƼˡӪ˧˵, Ϊﲻ룿
۫ҡͷϲͬ⣬ʱұˡ
֪۫ȴһЦ, ֽԼͷϵȡа棬˵һТȰԾ, ׵ܵܣһõ۳裬׾ܾ㡣
ָɳ, ѵ˵бȨ, ۫
˵ȷĻ, ֱ۫ͻͻ
ѹԡ
۫¶һ˿Ц, ô, ѵ㻹û𣿡
۫ͷʢ, ȴսսȢϱýʾ֭޲ʮƲ߶ˣϡ
ˣˣⲻѾӦ۫ο
۫ȴһɲȫţҵӡ
ƺʲôķӣ۫ϽȰ˵˵֦֦
*
ƽ
筱ڷУһ뿪Ѿܡ
رǰ𰣬ֻҪһ£Ҫʡ
ˣѾǣС˿ûȫָ֮ǰٳţҪȻʹǵȡ
ΪŮͷһ
ӣ̫Ȥ˰ɣôСһ飬ȻѾ߰СᡣƲƲ졣
ⲻȫšǡдġ
һ˵һ׿һҪĻء
ɼϳģδؾǺõġΡ
Ͻ˵Ҫ׿ȥҿС㻹뿴Щʲô
£Щ־С˵ɡ
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˭֪ߵſڣ㾪ϲһӡ
ԭ׼ȥ筣ȥԼͷָϽԸԱߵСѾ߰ȹ
죬죬ѾøҡһСԸ
Ѿ߸չţۻصױ̨ǰһֳͭ˹ݸ筡
筶ͭգɼ˵ͭϣգʧѪĺɫ԰ס
ļͰϸ壬ɽѩһСѩʱ׵Щ̡
رԭڷ촽ٷŷۡ
ԽֳĴ
ױֻܸϽԼͷ˳
˿л밢˵
С㣬˯𣿡л
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ӣҽȥͨһ
𰲢δֱлĵȸԾϽָСѾְױ̨Ϸŵ¿㡯ù
Ϊʩ筵ʱɫǷһꡣ
ġ߻Ƿ˶Թ뷨ŨױĨʢˣɫԳΪ
֬ӹȣӵĶһĲϡ
߻мӵĽۣǼӵ鱴ۡ
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СѾ߿ţһͨԹôôòţ
ȻԹСѾҲҳ筣˵ΪæװԼ
筿ڵˣɡ
գû˵ģתȥл
лļᣬȴ͸һɼᶨĽŲһһѹĴ齱ߡ
筻ûסŤͷȥīĳɢڼϡ
ŤͷĶк١
лôɫôף
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ĵһ⣬ղӦÿ֬֬һµġ
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Ŀɿڴһҳһҳȥ⻰ͦУȻ¾Ҫˡ
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ʱܽС
Ѳãˡ
ͣСҲϲֻ㿴
лȴЦһһϸ壺֪Ѿ©ҹǰ￪
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һó׵˵ɺڵģȻʵֻĵףԽͷɡ
ӵһҵ
ʱѾѾ뿪УˣлбһۣƣǽͷҲѾˡ
筣
лֹıǼ⣬ѾӦΪָ顣
ͻĺϢֲ֪ľȣл㵡𾪡ɬϲ۽ͻȻӿϵ⡣
һ·зͷ
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ĵ״۸ʱ˿ζĵ׽֯ӿ
ǿģҲ㣬л޿κΣ۽¡
Ϊĵĵᣬִļϡ
죺ҲŲΪء
ȷʵΪģ̫ӡ
лסƣƽ֣ůġ
ǵǸºƹٳӤǰ߹лðĶ
޸ڵ顣


134 
һƴ, ᴵޱߵ鷢ԭ԰ֽգҲ, ˱ȻɷǺÿ
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лɫ糣, һü续ӣ͸һ˿Ĺ⻪ɽ˿Ų۾
筶գŷԾ, һץסлƣȵȡ
лԭҪһקס
ǿһЦɫǼºͣôˣ
ڴ, ̧ͷ, ش, ʵӣԺĲºܷæǲݵЩ̫ˣ
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Ͼڲǰסڸڣô㡣
һסڳƽ, һס۫, żһΡ
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ȻǣлϵһЦӣֻǹġ
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ĲԾ̧ͷӣôˣ
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лȴôһССɰ
š
ָҪʹԵ˼һ˿
Ҳһ˿ǿſ˵һظҪ֪
ͿĽȻԸ
Ȼ˭
ӾѾڣֻ
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ᣵʹϰ˵Σڸ˴롣Ƥ΢ʱһŵ˲֪
صɫ΢⣬ӴʱڵĳС
л۾ʱǰһϤġ
ŵͷԺл΢Ļ
ŵġ
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ΪͷԱƫʱ⿴һŮӵӰſԼĴԱߣţع΢ƫŵϣɢĹ
筡
лһ
һ˲䣬ֲ˿ʵξ
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תͷһֱ̫ҽ˭֪ȴлס˵뱧һ¡
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ڿ˲䣬Ҫӵס
Լеڡ
ҪţС˿ûԼѹϡ
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筣һֱչš
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ľһĻ
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л£֪ǲǻûϰľٶҲûٶԣ֣һҩȥ
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һ꣬ҩ£ӷŵ۽̣һֻһ棬͵ߡ
лȴû죬ֱֱ
·ֻҪһգۣǰŮͻһƮߡ
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л죬ҧסָɫ˿棬һУζ˲סԭǵصĿࡣ
ཻڣرζ
⵹ǰ̫ɬУȴֻҩΪ飬׶֮࣬ýѡ
ƫƫ֮һ˲䱻档
ǰδеľ
ǰδеģҪš
лʵô
⻰ʱĿ⻹ϡ
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ҼʹӸҵʱұòԾӵӣвԲȥšұ׿۫˭֪˵̫۫ҽ롣
签룬ĳʲô顣
Ҳû˼µġԼƣ۫
л죬Ҫ˵ȴ
筸Ͻָıȴлסƣģ
չôˣ㱾ˣ㰾šƼصĻǸӵòʧǰĻȫˣ
Цݡ
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ֻκһζ¡
ʵҲѲ
Խ£ԽҪӭѶϣֻҪţҪߡ
лڣûϴųơ
һʱüչģǹֵģɫǰɡ
޷򵹣ʱ
л˵ȻЦʱÿ
˵գٴ¶紺ůЦݡ
˵˻лߴٵѾˣҲ˰ɡôãҲЩȥϢ
Ǹϵĵ˻ûȫָ
ȴԼ壬Ҫչ
ֻҪʱлʵջʱҩ𣿡
ˡ筲ʵ˵
ֻലϣ˰һ˿Цʣγҩģ
γҩģ
ιİ
Ժиÿڸιҩʱ֪էȻͨ
ӣå


135 
һ˯ĸ, һѰ
̧ͷ˿Χ˼ͣƬ̣, ۫, Լļҡƿϵı, Ҫ, ѯʣ𣿡
ǡӦһ䡣
ܿ죬Ůֳ͵˽͵ƶ
ŽļŮлȹΣһ㶡
Ϊ׵ŮЦ, , ūߵŮ, Ըҵ, ڴź
ǰ筹չлѹûԼ
Ůһ˵Щ, ǰ۫ʱ̬ƣ룬ݿ, Ūȥ˰ɣ
ҪȻһѡء
筺޲ֻЩŮײԼ, ˿̻ҪάŶׯŵء
ֻܻӴ, ŮǷԼ
º, ε, ԺҪš
΢Щסû뵽ȻҪš
ֻЩʵӵ£ôˣ
˵ģ֮ЩʳѾϢˡ
ĵ״󰲣һ
ͷι·΢΢һЦ
ɫѰ۫˵һ·߹·԰ʱͿ԰ߵʹĵյ԰׺ͬɾ
Ļ԰һе㡣
ͬů磬֯һ𣬲ܲζ
筵Ժʱ¹ŵһˮˮį̄ͤƣԺͬ磬ȴ˼š
ŮĽŲһ·š
֮ͨ筱ΪŮȥ˭֪۫Ȼӭ˳
ˡ۫߹һץסƣĽȥ
ƫѾںӣȲδϣΪ˻δԵʡ
۫º󣬲Цº˵£˰ɡ
õˡǸ⡣
˯ʵ̫ˣʱ䡣
û뵽۫Ȼһֱڡ
۫ȴΪȻõȣõȣƽүǳӤʱҪء
۫תͷԸϲˡ
Ѿϲ˵ٶȺܿ죬̹ѱãͱ
۫ûˣˣͷЩأǱ߳Աġ
ûˡ
ǡ
仰˵筼ֱȻ֪ѾӦָ飬۫˺˵һԼ˵̬
ĵ׻̲ס
⼸۫Ϊл״Щ赹ǵ۫лԺӡ
֮䣬Ҳǰ˵仰
л筹ɵ
۫ǹ֣֮䣬˵л
ԭ۫ЩģƴǵȺȻ
뾩֮һ׮׮һ飬Ƕмɲ顣
ϰ롣
һ˼档
ǺõŹģŮϽǵΪԩ¡
˻飬Ȼ΢С¡
۫ǰ筲˽ʱЩϢ㹻ľս
⼸գ´չл۫ףԼĶΪηɡ
л忴ƿȴء
ʲôֻлܺúûȥ
ĵĻȥ
һ˵лˣϽȥ˭֪ſڣͿˣȺű˴ˡ
ζڲȥգݡ
ȻѾˣ֮󣬱Ȼؼҡ£С˵
۫˵Ǹ˵㣿
ǣǣ筸Ͻϣ˵Ҳмգûؼˡ
ûлףô˷顣
۫ƺҲԥο˵ҷģ飬Ѿù¶Ը˭ҪǸҴȥۡ
Ҳˡ
Ȿʣ޼αػҪϼء
İɣ۫˼Ǳ֣ӤѾ˻ϵ׿ϣֻ̫ǧ磬ͻָ顣ʱ³˫
۫л˾Ҳˣһɨǰյơ
筱קţһ
óӼദ
ϾԼδĸ˭ϣһȿ͵ء
Ȼ۫˰ο筻Ǵţͻسƽ
Ҳûƴֻǽѱõһһ͵˳ƽǰԺ档
筵ҵʱĵԭǴԺӡ
ԺӣȻŵơ
վſڸķ粻󣿡˵
筼Ϻɸֱۣ֪Լο϶׹ء
Ͻܹȥĸ첲
㣬ǲǺܵѽ
Ҳûá
ҵ˿ȫû£һĲˡ
۫ôˣѵûûҹźУ
ûûûҹҲϢĺܺá筽Ʊ硣
һۣ̾һӲˣҺܲ
֪֪лܵһС
Ҫȥ
㣬һ·߹ȹôΣѵʱҪΪԼϵһСˣܲ𣿡
˵˸д˵Ҳǲȥӣһǵ塣
֪֪жںҡ
һˣҲֻǵ˿̹ĵˣ
ںöˡ˵
Щɻ󣺡ʲôء
лж֮£֪ҲֻлĴ
¶ԴҲˡ
ֻЩ̫ۣ˾ɼ̫ҽϣѾˡ
ҲҪڼҺϢ
Ȼô˵筻Щġ
ڶգǸ˵һȥ۫
ֻθյͼվ棬ǰʵôӡ
볿˵ȳƲֵ
һ㶣ʲôá
Ƶģ˵ˣںأһɡ
ֻƺ筵ű򿪡
һװĳͣ˳
ӵ롣
ףл˿бڴϣ˲١
˯ˣҾû˵Ȼظˡ筽͡
л֣֣£޷ֻҪͺá
˼䣬˵ϵ飬⼸첻ȷţϾҪٹļգҲ졣
˵׼Ҫˡл鵭Į
סʵʲôˣ
л˵̫ӵֳˡ
գգ۾һ˶ѣҪôС𣿶̫ա
ļУż֤ʵ°ɱǳΪ
筣ʲô
ƽһֲ£Ǵзֵżȴ
ⲻگ£̫˴ɱԼֵܡ
Щɱˡ
һʵţΪλᱻ֣
˵ţӦյͻ١
ڼУⲻǴĸץѱ
ǡ
筵ʣĪҵһϵйϵ
ûйϵ֪ǳҵΣ޷˵ɵС檣ǸҲȫޱֳǸˣǽ޸ңͨٳ
ֱ״浽˾˵¼ҶС
һȥ׮˽˾KԭҲֻΪСһ׮ȴ롣ȻӳҼѳֶ
żĶֽ֣ν֤ɽ
˵ǲǰڽǵϰ˵λˣ
лͷ
лˣǰ筱Ϲ
ֻЩɻǣڽǵʱлʱƷƹ٣δǶԺʵȨݶʷΪλȻ
УѵʱʼӾڳв֣
Щ飬էʱ۸ӣϸһ룬ǰƺҲûôѱ
ʣ»֪𣿡
ҹƲ֪̫Ӷ֪ˡ̫Ǳԩģ϶ҪĻ
л˵˴Ȼֹ
ղ˵Ļ졣
̫ӹȻдԼֵܣĳţֻ̫֮λʱ
£¶ĵӣ㻹ǵǰ˵Ǽ£
л
ٲ˼ɣ˵ʵΣε̫췴
һ仰˵֮ĵ׵Ĵʯͷ¡
ֻһ֪ܣ˿Է
лþûп˵Ŷ䣬·ǻڳϢ
˵̫ϻ췴
ڣлڣֻȾһ˿
췴֣ȷѪ꣬Ѫɺӡ
˵ֻεأδǿԱıġ
ıлץס仰
Ŵƺݣֱ˵Ҳ֪һûг׸ı䡣
Ѿתۣһת۾ͻԸ
ıǣлִ⡣
ڣҵ
μѾִӪ׵׸ıξһС
ԼҶ϶׸ıԼˡ
Цлӣ㲻ҪԼң˵׼һһ㡭
лƼ̼䣬ĸǰѹϡ
˵˵л˵Ƕúûţá
*
ϡ
ຮɽ˲᳤ֱ̾Աߵ̴ЦǲͿЩ˲ᣬɡ
СУϽġຮɽ˲ύԷ
ڣ棬ϴն꣬С֣ƮƮ䣬ϣһζ
һֱڽƧڱຮɽסһӡ
ʱ֪Ӱټҽԣеī޲ûӳⷽ٣ضɫ
ʱᰡˣ
ֻϧ˹ȥʣµɢġ
ຮɽ˼ֱѣžԼˣȻôԶ顣
һģӽͷմϸꡣ
ຮɽЦʣôˣ
ݴϢǰݴ̽Ϣ
ຮɽüһֱݷˡ
Ҫˣ̫ӡҪǶΪڽϡ
λ۫ӣڡ
ξȻֱҵݡ
ຮɽü˭
ҡҡͷ˵˸֣Ҳֻǻɶѣδ֤ʵǺη
ຮɽͻȻ۾ʣǿдϢ̫Σ
һѹȥü£ǻϳ˳ʹݵطԱƺδԶ֣Ҫȫ
ຮɽЦλµһһƽһֱ浽û˶ƺ̫ӡ
ԾԶ˼æʰ̯ӣΪҪȥݣ
ຮɽվⲽ
ӢԶ˼ˣС
ǸӣӢǸӣӾŸǹĹӣȴ쳣ѡ
ôһˣȴԼһӢ
йӢѾӣƫƫǸӴˣֵܳµĳ£ķ裬ΪӢƺ˲ѡ
֣̫ӿ⡣
һ뽫ԼϮӢľٴθڶϡ
ͱô¨ӣܸģλԴС
һ񷴻һץ̫İѱ
̫İѱʲô
˻֪ຮɽȴһǾ̫᰾ɲйϸ
ѲɻԶ˼ȥݣΪ
ຮɽվ̱Ҫ뾩
ĹܼңϽԾ


뺰һ䡣
Ϊຮɽģ̤뾩ǡ


136 
һʮ
ָ̫ʹʿ, ɱ
˵ڳҼѲ鵽֤ݣϢǳ, ¼ô, ѳ׷Ϣ
ϣҪ󳹵׳ʹɱĻס
һʱ,
Ļ, ֻ̫ϡ
̫ӵľʹ˱ϴ˺ڹ, ԴС
ʮ峿, һŹ֮, ״ֽڵϣߺݰԩ, һͷײڵŹĵϡ
֮, ȫδ, ڳѪܡ
龰֮ңƽδ
״ֽ̱͵ǰ״, ݴƣ˽, ˽״, 顣
Ϣ˲, ھǴ
ﲻֹ, ˵ٳδʹ, ֻϰԼ׶ӡ
ھ֮״·ж裬˽֮Уǧʬ壬Ϊɿȥ
ԽԽǿ󣬶һʱţ
ֻǺԾ漰¡ۣ˵ʵԼĶӣôȻڻû֮Է
¹ػʵۣȫѲ
ҷʵߣһץݡ
ֻǾڽץʱͨȻǱס˭֪ⷴ˸ķ
ڣΪǰŴ֣֯
һнжһץһˣѺ͡
һǧվһˣǽڴݵǵֻδ֮˵ǽĸָʹ
ôɾͲץץŹ
ƿһǣ¶һŲֻɢЩʿ£ӹʲôָʹָʹɣֻץǡ
˵䣬ͻȻľ¥ķϣͻȻһˡ
ߺ첻Ʊգϲûк֮£ݣȴ޴ֵùбιι
һ磬վݶġ
ʱһ磬ִſǻĺ˽ֵ˵ߣ˿һƬҶ㣬ڿбļҪݶ
ĳ۱ķĽ²ȣЩҪˤ
˷׷׾
ѾǸ֡
̧ͷŴˣŭ죬Ұ¡
ĸߺ͵ĸԶ·쳹˰ǡ
ʸǽڣ˲䣬˱ƽ
ٴθߺһ䣺бι
꣬ݶһԾ¡
顯һ죬еƬӰʵʵڵϣ쳹˵ͷ
صˣѪѪĭ
غδȥڵϲͣ
촽źϣ·δ˵ĻҪٴ˵硣
׳ҵһĻڳÿһ˵񾭡
˵һͷײڵŹǰֻ˿ȴгɰǧˣۿŴݶϣܲһԾ¡
㺷η̬̫֮ࡣ
Ҳ˼֮£жҡ
Щʿһһ˸
ɺϵǣ筴˿̾վڲԶһҳׯǰڸߺ֮󣬷ȻԾ¡
·˾ϣΨĬš
Ժƺһ»صգǸ״
Ҳͬ㣬֪಻Ϊ塣
С㣬С㡣𰱻ŵɫ԰ףȴһ筣类סæ
ü֮筲ųױ
ſǻʵС㣬û°ɡ
ϻһ˿ãȻҡͷʾû¡
û
׸ݣһ𣬳񰸣Ǿһڽ֤ݴ˻
µЩ֤ɻڶԺĿⷿС
˭Щ޹һĽ
ֱգۿ˴ǰһԾ£ڿ⣬ȨƣҪȥɢͷƬյơ
ܵõе
ǰͷȾþ޷ͣϢ
ԶΪֻץһǾȻд·
һŽ顣
涼˵ϡ
ʬӸϽߡɫָ࣬ӵµĽʬߡ
ƽսΧ˺޲ܵԶԶĻԭΧۡ
ǽգҷ׷פ
¶֮ͬɫ
¼񰸣׺䶯ǡ
ӶʿӸԸֻϳĻס
Ϊɣ㹻𺳡
*
Ժ
лδһֵڴ񣬶վͥԺǽϵɽ٣Ҳ֪Ǻڴ˴ïܷʢ
ѿճֻǳһƬ
ʢ֮ʱǵأīɫ⸲ǽڣԶԶţ
֪ãһŲҴҶ
һʷ۵ˣߵлߡ
һ̧ͷΪ졣
һ·СܹͷܲϸˣղǰŴϣһݶһԾ£иߺ
£Ťͷ˼ۣѹ˵첻бι
ԭǾ׸ԭͨг
лζԺΪݶʷ֮󣬱㽫Ժʷ
˰ο˼ܣǰھ׸־ҲֻΪ˰ˡ
л֪֮ѽлԼĶˡ
һΪ¡
лϢ΢ǣһ
Ū˼
ٴγҿ˿ԺҲһ飬˵ҲҪСġ
Ϊץһֻɶѡ˭֪˸ץϣһݶûȽٴץˡ˵⼸仰ʹݶ£Ѫ
ڴ£лҲδ⡣
ӶԸ̫ӣǰбһ£̫ϡ
бˣ̫һǻ·ߣ޴й
žǶֳ̣̫Ҽв鵽˴ɱ֤
ԣο̫ӡ
Ȼ̫һϵһ֣Ҳǲͬ졣
һײڵŹ£һ˴ݶһԾ£ҩȥһɣֻ´ʱѾʼͷö
ֻϸδá
̫дɱֵܵɣвкյɡ
ʸʶλģȻǴ˵ȵУֻ³೼˽¶۲ݡ
ݰһֱѹǶԺҲԣ˵ҲڰӶ£룬ֱԴ¡
Ͼǲ˵һ죬ʱǣ۵¡
лӦ˼֪ˡ
ãͻȻʣ̫ӵºͶΣ
ɴ˫ۣʲô˼
ֻжûжлһЦת߰ɣȥż󡣡
ԺѶһڡ
żη棬л߹ȥΨǽϹŵ͵ƣ˸ŵĹ⣬ΪΨһԴ
죬Ѿˡ
ֻͷ棬ηŵżȴûתͷ
ŵݵľϣһʧȥϢ
żҸ㹻ʱ䣬ûлһ̾Щϧ
ŵû
л΢˫ۣ˵ǰиڵŹ£һͷײһ״ֽ״ݵֶС
һ仰ŵЩӦ
ֻת˲˿ٴʧ
˴ǰŴֵиߺ治֮ԡ
лЦһҵСˡ
ֵ̫Ҫֺηģڱôѹڣֻ´˷ˣҲżйء
һлݰ֮Щʿͻ֡
˵ݣҲǾģһݵĶˡ
ˣҵһ˸㣬ǰ̫ӱϹ˼գҲΪʲô¶ֻһˣһϵץס˰ѱȻΪǸˣҹء
ǵΪζΪ̫ӵ𣿡
Ȼڴϵżμ΢
лδ˵ȥֻĵš
ǽ͵ƵоͻȻᱬ£ڿըһž졣
һ죬żͷķߡ
ܡ
֪̫ӵ£ǿʺ͵Ĵ£Ĵ壬Ǳԩġ
ΪˣǲŻô캦顣
Ȼ֮ǹģЩˣǵС
յ£ƽżҲ֪Լռ
˭֪лͻȻüת˳ȥ
Ǽᣬֱ߽͵ƣ̧ͷŵ㻹аĵ͡
ˡлһ
ڣָ͵˵𡣡
⣬ȴ͵ƴ֮ΧһƬ谵С
ĵҨ
ܿ죬ߣŪ롣
л˵Ҵ顣
飬֣ᣬȴҧļء
˵Ժ²δȫȻһģǶԺѶηһϸ񣬵ܽˣǾ顣
رܽӴżˣ¿ڽ
ʵÿ˶л
û뵽һʧĵط©
лת뿪ûٸż˵κλ
ʱ󣬴ٴο϶ȷʵжΪηõĵʵͣζڸ˶ҩڿлӷζ
ǵвܵţųԾ
лȻǵУСҽ飬ٲݣǴȴκδ֪Щҩ
ΪСҪڲҩҩݵζ̫Ϥ
ԵηУоᱬʱһرζлŵ
ǹζˣת˲š
Ҳ˵ˣĶǻӷڿЧ仺
ΪʣʱðֶƮʳᶾ塣
֪
лȡη𴦵ĵͣȻ˿żǸηյж֮⣬ûж
Ϊżη棬ƽ䣬Ҳᾭȥ
ճҲֻͷˡ
ͷ˲ô·˾ͻ뿪
վһԣ£ȥץʡ
Ȳлҡҡͷ
תͷһʼʵųʱû˿õĶɣ
ص£ūȡõƿӣֲУӦ˿
лӦ˼żɣ
ҡͷ
ȥżΣһ죬Ȼȥ˵ʱ򣬸߿ˣ͵Ͳˡ
ת۾л˼
ǴöԷԼҲʡ鷳
Եż󣬴ҲΪл棬ȡ͡
Ƿֹ˵©졣
żԴӱؽȥ֮ʱڴϣһһ졣
ԵڴϣҲ˿Ծ
ɵ·
ֱϣȥ˭֪;㷢һͨŭη²ģȻͶ
ηеˣϽܿһ˱һͰǰ
ϸ˿ˣȻһʱûӡ
ΪҲǿη䣬ֻǸۡ
ԭͲģһʱǴˡЦŶԱߵǸ
뵽ʷ˾Ȼ˺ĸԼ˵
Ͻ˵˿ǧ˵ĻСĵ𡣵ûˣҲСûע⣬ҪȻˡ
޷˵ͣܺúˡЦһ
ȻͰƽ档
谵żǰ㱳š
ſڣԶԶ˵ҪǳԾܳ
ǵԶרĵŵ͡
ֱڿηյͣٴγͷȥǱߵĵĴӶͳһСƿӡ
ƿĶ˴յŸյ˵͡
ĵ˿ײǳˡ
˺üأҲĵ
˵£¹ţǰҹ·¡
ȴˣҹ·ʱǾж
Сƿض׼ȥһߵĵ͡
ͻȻηиںӰӡ
˱ŵͷƤ顣
ôôǵηû˵ġ
ֻжұߵǼηˣи˸һƽÿ͵ʱ򣬼һĶ͵
Ǹ˵ηķ˽ż
Ȼʶ֣üôжηˡ
仹˵ǸطΧηǿյġ
֪ԼûҴˡ
ĿǸӰһ㿿ĵ׳ױ
ͨˣſ£ĵ񳹵ױ˵ӡ
лš
صشһϮ£͵˲֪黹ļȫûע⵽ηˣƤӵ£Сƿ˳ҷŽյ
ĻںУлȴۿתͷԸĳ˵Сƿ
ǰȻиСƿӡ
лӹƿӣ򿪣Ҫȥš
һæȰ¡
лȴѾţЦһȷʵ
Բҩ֮ζֻ̫ĵżһʬ壬һͷˮء


137 
ҹХ, ηߵ죬ƽ˼
ĴδôΧ, رЩƽ߸ϣ۷綼ɨʷ, ˿۴
˫ȷ, , ɵҲ֪ԼǱ¶ˡ
ڵϣС, Сǡ
ԩ֣ȴκڡ
ڶԺô, ֪ܲԺǸʲôط, ܽгٹ֮ɫĵطɻȥġ
лӻ֣ǰ֪䱻, ֻ³
㵹ʲôл, ͸żֹѵ
ļſڵϣͷ̧, ͷĻĸ, ˵
֪Լ˵
ǲ˵ѵл·
ô, ҲʶʶԺֶΣлƽ, ·ΧڰΪһ, ˣȴ޶ǰŵˣѡ
л˵ҲٺȰĻ́Ҫó˴ߡ
ӵ£и˸ҵҩ˵ֻҪÿ춼ӵ³֮󣬾͸һӡ
лżˡ
ҪģһλӵºͣɱԵˣ˵Լֵֵһ
£
лʣ
ƴͷлͷǸҩˣϵ𣿡
˵Ҫˣȥͭȸֵһ¥λ죬֪³ˡʱʣµʮٽҡ
ԭԷѾһ붨ġ
ƲģҲʵҺӣէȻôӣ۾
лֱ꣬ӻ֣ǰĴߡ
ﲻʵ£Ҫ󣿡
òţֻǸӰˣ³֮󣬶Է涼ڿλãô࣬ѹץ
һա
ŪѰɡлתͷɰŵż
żʱƤ˼Σǿ
ץɱҵˣ˭֪һѣһʵľ⻰
лЦҲ֪̫˼ɵˡ
ż󣺡ұѺ͵֮⾩ҪˣһֱûжϾֻЩ֣ǾȻڲŶ֡ԶԺƿأĻҪ
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ʮգһ֮УΪԲ֮ʱ
׹Сٹ٣빬̫ף١
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ճ󣬵̫Уֽ˿湻ģϤ׻٣̫ڣڡ
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һѹأ롣
ԶĻ˻ɫˢһ°ˡ
˼筡


138 
̫ǧشϱ㿪ʼ, 绹ˣϷģ˵ϻ̻̻ǻĹΪ̫ǧر׼ġ
ʱһƵ̻
°Щ, ͷ밲Щ, һ²ĵȵ硣
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ǰڶμСİ, ǵֻǶᣬҲֻһСİ, ܱȵϻ̫ǧ硣
筵λں, ΧŵǾǵĹŮǣӰ, ⱦ, ۻ
ҹٹ, ܱйҲɳʹǰʳ̫󹧺ǧϱСк纣ĺС
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Ϭ㣬筸̧ȥҲ˹
˶ӣоЦ⡣
л־ǰյ̧һȻһЦƺڰĪ
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Ҫָء
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ǰ˫սһš
ֻǽָʹִĽ̫٣رָ֪ͬԬҲϵ
˵ڣ̫ӵ£΢١
Ԭˣôŵ̫׵ĻʵۣȻλ˵ɱָʹд£
ϣʹɱָʹˣ׷߼޻΢΢ȼݡ
ЦһҲ⣬ᵶɱ˹ȥ
ڳһš
лһƿǰӣһ߷ǰĽ崺۫׵Ļʵ۷ˡ
۫λã̫ĸлĸڻʵߡ
̫ӷңϻ̫뿪˴ʮҶϺһ赲Щҳӡ
Ӥ۫󾪡
л൶վǰתͷĸϻ̫һܵǱӪǽش˿ѾõϢضݡ
¡û뵽ʱվԼģл
елӤˡ
ֻҡͷһ֮ҳӣңһ֮
ϡ
ϡ
Χڵĳߺһʥ֮գѾҪ빬ڣϾݱȫ֮
лϣ˴˾Ͼ뿪
¡ڵͷֻǰ¿ͣ۫Ƕıսմƽң١
лָʹЩĵıʿ塣
˵֮¡۷ЩҪԵ̫˼֮£ޱ㽻㡣
˿̣ѾĴɢ
ѰԼŮҶ˲ģʼɢۡ
ֱлλ󳼣ѾǴӶššŴλǰټ칬ܡ
˷·Ĺǡ
̫ӵҲһ߻һߵķ׷ȥ
л൶ǰ븵ֱһ𣬸ֺٺһЦҪȹϲ£һۺ󣬳׳Ϊһ֮֮ϡ
ʱ㻹˼˵Цлɫ䵭
һЦȻǲ뻢Ѩɵûӣҿ³أкаɡ
лһŵĴһ˿Į
ǰգԼ˱˵֮ء
лҵ̫ӵˣȥŰ筻뿪˴
£Ǹ򣬵˽
лϻ˵ȥ
̾һתȥ筡
û뵽ǰͼһѵ
ʦ֣ô㡣ȥӡ
˵꣬֡
á١һȴֻл
Ӱʲôˡ


139 
лû뵽筲ûȺܳȥ, Ȼ嵽Լߡ
筣ߡлӵһˣֽлס
, ҿɴӲֻҪ㱣С, ܸ㲢, һɱ˵С
ȻϷضȴסıġ
筴, ЩŴ绪ֻ޿С, ɽˮ䣬һű˻ݼᶨġ
˵, ӵӭϡ
лӰ, ͻȻЦ, ٶΣԶᱻǰСﾪޡ
Ӳ˿ܲվߵĹ
ڵĴɱһƬȻ筰æ
ǵֻʮ, ҪӲסϰ˵ĳ, ʵ̫ѡ
ˣˣͳɱˡ
֪˭һ, ﻹδӳȥ, ޺
Щ޹ĹԱ, лѾס
ӳȥʱ, ɱԵĻ, һ
Ѫ˳ŵϵĽש, ܿ˽ש֮ķ϶ȾһƬѪ죬Ŀġ
ӡȺɱ˽
ΪϯԺܶ˵Ļ档
лתͷʵأûиϵϣ
Ѿȥˣļƻʼ¡ż˵
ллϽӸԸ˵ȥѽ˼齻ҡγıңΪ־ͳ죬ڿʼΪ־ͳ졣
γ췴־ֻҪ;֪ߣұ֤Ǽ̡
ס壬Ӧ
лֵиڿԷźţñӪȼݡֻҪһʱһбӭж⡣
лһȴʧݡ
һԵһɱ̫ӻһԸ
Ȼ̫ӵıƹǺ׼
ϾԼǰѾԤлһŽôҪϢ֮
ŵһģǳ׷ȡ
˳ŸղŻ뿪·Ҳ˴
лŽҪ·̫ӵ׷ȥ
Ϻ̫ȡҵʱ䡣
ʱ̫ӱΧӤҪԵ֪ʾ۫ʲô
̫ӵ£˵棬ҸΪ
лմѪĳĮ
Ϊ̫ΪԼ
лҲΪ˻ʵۣͬΪԼ
ĵҪʣ˭ס
Ѿҳһţû뵽̫Ļڽ췴Ȼ簴ӵķԸԼı
ܵҲֻǧˡ
⣬γΪ־ͳ죬һֱùǵĽ
ȻѾı췴־ͽһ
ʹˣȫʹţбıǶšš
ֻҪγȴ˴ץϺ̫󣬱Ȼдλگ顣
ǾǴѶ
ڿľıߵĺָΪ־ȹʳǣǱӪȼüʱ
ֻ̫Ӻɱ˻ʵۣӪ»ϡ
ôý׳ΪҾ֡
µļλӣ˭ǻ˵׼
һ·񱼣֪ڶţҳһš
ҲһΪָ֪ͬԬɱ֮Ľǰľʧ֮ѾԬ˵ɱһš
ԭԬ˵ӦȥŵȴγȴһӦϡ
Ԭ˵͹˸֣û뵽Լɱ֮󣬸Ѹ˳
ɱָʹگ¡
ʹһĽꡣ
֪ڿ֧ţȥ˻ȹӡ
һˣֶԻʹʮϤһ·ϱܿĿֱŶš
ŹţѾ˹ŵװʵŷ˵죬ÿһ¶ΪҪ¡
ȴ֧ס
Ƽ͵ʱʵʲôҿôȥаʱž͸زסˡ
ʹ󺰣УӷԸΣҪعšһЩѾǶ
в׵ĵ
ֻǸ־СУξӵۣ˸ָʹ
󣬾ǰ
վڳǽϣŵѹѹͷҧ֡
·ͻȻǵװǴӿⷿʱ˹ģʱֳֹվŮǽԣһּ¡
µ̫ܼ¾ǼõˣС
ʲôˣʱȻг
δˣ¼
˵е
óǰл壬½ｻӵ£ӵȫƽ˴ҡ
˵γΪ־ͳ죬ıңʶȥγ־ͳһְΪ־ͳ졣
»˵γȹƻģ֪Ǹҵ־;̡֪
ϻȻһЦ̫ˡ
ųǽºѹѹͷЩҵʿܶѹʲô
ôˣҪɱֻҲɱˡ
˵̵Ļһʿҡ
Ͼ췴ǶϷ
Щ䲢ڻʳеõʲôʵʺô츻ȥģҲֻЩͷ췴ġ
У㣬ɷźţñӪ
͵仰źŵ
ܿ죬źŵӿ
žʹʮĵطҲһźŵ
ڵڶöźŵʮصĵطٴźŵ
źŵһƬ಻źŵ·һһ޴ӡǣӻʹһ⣬ݵӪ
һ˿ĴݷʽȫȻǾȵ顣
ڵһöźŵ󣬵ڶöööźŵ
ÿ˶ԼĵطֻըǶɫ̻
壬˽ͭ˹ڵҹĻУ겻ֹȴͭбŴ
γȷң̸־ͳһְڷµߣʥĿ嶣ɼ̡
Ļȴʯ󺣡
Щڽŵıʿ޷Ӧ
ҧ΢ᣬ˵˻áںδǵ˵Щ˻˼ɡ
»̫ڣýŻϺ̫뿪Լֻʮ̫ӵˡ
ÿҪ໰˵衣
˵ֻҪܳһʱһȻӭж⡣˵
ճҧǵ¾ȵģͽԴڿϣŵһ·ߵס
ɱһѪ·Ӵ˳˷֮ϡ
תͷŹŵĽʿ󺰵ʿǣҪţͨʹһߡֻҪסһʱڣӪȷܼʱݣսһ̣Ƕ˺һ
ǡ
ǡ
Žʿߺ쳹ס
һҹעҪ컻صһҹ˸ˣ˻ˡ
*
ڣеĵѾУڵµԽԽ࣬վĽҲѾ˴롣
ڻվŵֻˡ
̫һֱδ뿪̫վڲԶл˴
ӤαΪ˸ֵزǻΪۣ㵱ʵȨʲôʱʥ֮һ֮¡
лԵŵ棬һߵģ̫ӣЦ̫ӵ£㻹ʲôءγŶû㻹ָȽɽ
һԳֵл̲סЦ
̫ӱ˵£߳ŭȻҪǰվͱҲֵ֮顣
ҹжȻһף¡¡Ҫըʵĸо
ն꣬ưôôȻ
ڻҡҷӰлֳֵĵУߵͶӰڴǽϣһ޴ĺӰ
ָ̫ӡ
Զ
䣬һ죬͸Ļ͸
ˣѾǴ˽
ʹűͲǰ㣬ǷҲǼѣصס
ƽʱ·ҪŵĻʹңɱзӯ졣
̫Цл۵
ҹ㷸Ĵǣл̫ӣĻȣһϵʥྡʧĮĲһ˿ʴȣ㷸µǲû
չ˺Լ筡лһ૵Ķֻһ
˫ӵ̫ӡ
ȣеոڵ£һһոл¶ĹҲֻЩá
·ԵޣΡ˼¡
̫ӵ£ߡ̫ߵĻ˳лҪ
ǰĻƴֵ̫˵Ļ£ӳ̫Ĵš
һƬģ
ɱһƬľӣѾֲ˭ǵ˭Լˣ̫ǰĹ㳡ϣˮڵϵѪˮȾһƬɫ
էȻȥǷ·ʬɽѪС
˳޳
лһһɱһѪ·ϴŻۣѾѪˮȾı𲻳ԭеɫ
ŵ׷ȥʱ˭û뵽һ̫ܽӱˡ
̫ǰ󣬼ʮм䡣
лԼõ£ܵҧ͵Ĺ򣬶һճױ˳
ɱǰˣһһ
ĵڻƺѪһ˲䣬罦
лϽѪ˳ƻĺ󱳡
תٴθ϶Էĺ̫ˣ̫ӵЩҲ̲ס˺
ӵ嵽̫ǰʱֱֱǰ¡ϤĽĶӣ̲סЦ
л̫ӣҹ֮㲻ʥ֮𡣡
ĵٴλ顣
ҽ֮ϡ
**********
Уȡо׼
лҪץס̫ӣκ̫ߵ׻Ļģɱ˽ȥĵ
γȵѾʵ£Ҫľ̫ӡ
¡̫ӵУô̫ӱԼ̼̳лλʷʤдʱԽһжƵϡ
̫ӿǰȣʮɱһˣһ֣弸ʮ˵л
ŷ֣ԼǴδ˽õܡ
˶˵۫үҵλӣˣƷӣڻʼңɳţ쳾Ȩƣɰ
ٿˣһסȨơ
Щԡ
㡭̫ǲʶл㣬ֱ
ҪţлһЩ
עʹҳһ࣬γɱĴѰлӰ
ɱӵµˣƴһȫЦ
һףرǳˣԱֵµЩʿҲ֪ƴһ
ǰѾ򱱴ӪźŵֻҪƴȫȵӪԮ
оˡ
һ˶־ԼҲܡ
̫һһ˵л
ڸԬײһԬ˾ҵңҵ𣿡
Ϊ˷ֹ䣬һֱйܵҡ
ңֻе֪޴֪
ǲʹá
Ϊָ̽ʹְλ֪һܡκ˶¡Ĺ̫Ӽ̽޹
̫ӲҪ
ȷԼ̫ӾͿʼڽ֡
ָʹȨǻʵεˣõΡ
ڣҪλʵϼѡ
̫ŵӦ³֮ȢԬ˵ŮΪʱԬ˾ʵʵĹү
Ԭ˱̫գͬ
˻ϵۣһɳ죬ֻ£θԸ
Ԭ˴ʱҲͷö˵ŴӦֱ»ϣдλگ飬ء
ʱָ£̫Щҧ
Ԭ˵΢ҡ
̫ɫֻоҵʣЮӷ
ԬҲ֪̬أɰڴһ٣˵ģ΢ǷʹҲһѱҳ
ʹ̫ĵԽ
ʱ
̫תͷл˵ڣȰɱˡ
ûлӤһζϲøʺ̫ѣκΣǰ棬Żˡ
ȻץԼ̫ǰл̫Թޡ
˿̣޲ǧжԷ
Ԭ˼̫ɫݣ·ģձزš
Щ̫ߵһɲ׾ͱл׺֮סǽӭϣ֮Уɱ񵲣жȡ
лʱڣΧС
筴ʱҲ׷˹ϵưô꣬û˿ҪͣЪ˼
ɫ绮ʣÿһϣǻһֵͬܣȴҪ꣬
Ź㳡ɱһŵʿԺγȵ־Ϊ⣬ѹ
ôȥǶ
أƼļ
ҡͷһ׷̫ӵȥˣҲźŷ𣿱Ӫʲôʱܵ
ӪǰӪ뾩ʮأǿӱޣҲҪʱϡ
ǷźţŹȥʱ
űӪȼݣֻʬŲࡣ
ʵûбĵطвǰ֧Ԯӳ˱Ӫ֮⣬ûбĺ𣿡
ɽУڳʮأֻǧ˵
Զҧ˵ȥɽУϻϸӵȼݡǺųԼǱӪȷӪ˵Ѿ̫ӵıñӪڳʮشפȺڱӪѾǰȼˡ
۾ǴթС
νթ˿̫̾ңټٵϢҶֱ治塣
ֻҪɽУǧܸϵҵзġ
ϾϵԮʱ̫ܵӾͿ⼸ƹһʧܣٲ
Щ˻ǿŷɱУҲΪǱһҪڱӪԮǰץסϡ
ƥֱŹ⡣
筣ŵʼл
ֻʱ򣬿ǰʵأ
Ҵأ签ȡ
֣İɣڰȫĵط¡Ҫٲֻ½ĶõԬˡ
һʦ˵û
֮ԻڣһеǧǿĽ
ȻˣԬûܳշġ
Ϊָʹ壬ѸٷһĽ
ѰսҹȥڷлʱڽΧ֮£ܵУѾ˼
µĽʬ壬ȴһһߡ
˽ȥһлҡ
Ԭ˿Ǹ֣Ŀ˵֣ãʡĴ㡣
仰ҲҪ˵ģΪָ֪ͬҳϻϣȴ·ϣɱָʹıңұҪɱ㣬Ը޹ȥĽֵܡ
ᵶ˹󿪴ϣߵ޵е·ߡ
ڽǳֺá
ʿ䣬ᵽĽۿǽһ壬ЧʥϣΪ
۶ϣ̾Ϣ
筳ŸִɱϽǰסлļ򣺡ӣû°ɡ
û¡˵ţлӻͳƿ
һƣҪȥ£㲻ٳҩˣҩܶʱǱҲ͸֧塣
ҩҦɽڶʱڣ˵Ǳͱ
ͷܾԼһ
ͬҩ
л˵ģһûµġ
筣ӣ˱Ӫ֮⣬ǲǻ֣
ûСлҡͷ
΢ӣȴл˵ûУûС̫췴ȻأǻδûзֶΡ
ôӣ۰Ͱ͵ĿΡ
֮ϵˣôȫȻûзء
л֣Ϊº󣬱ʵۻɣϾԽ࣬ͱ¶ԽࡣֻģһУ¡۴á
ϱۣ̫췴µļλӲá
ֻƽ֮ɾ˾
۾˵Żϸ壬ǰɽУǰ
湻ġлһ
ܳţֱųţ˭֪յǣӭĴ
ߺˣԷŹԴ
Ҫżлϵƣĵ㷲ϾǵѶֲ壬ֱУһϤӰ
´ˣϳ´ǰ
ϾݵʱͼԷһؾǡ
֪´ǰֱǵĳ֮ˣʱһ
´ǰȼݵġ
´ǰҲϳ֪۫ߵǰΣ
˵´ˣѾѾ˻ʹҼʮźŵٱӪľʿ빬ȼݡǱӪ뾩ǱϾһξ룬ҪȥɽУ
ǾɽУľʿ´ǰ˵
Щܣôһ𣿡
´ǰ˵Ҳ˻ʹźŵһұǡʦһۣǹгɧǰɽУŽȼݡ
˵Ҳڹʱң빬ŵǱӪȷӪţɢϢ˵Ѿ̫Ӷ簲űӪھʮشӪ
仰֮䣬´ǰѾ筵˼
ҪҡѾľģΪӪѾʱԮ
Щ˲ִ£顣
´ǰͷãǾͰ˵ȥ
´ǰŽߣ˵˼䣬ܿ죬
ŽԸԼߵˣܿһ¡
Ƭ̺ǧٴװֻǶϴɽУıʾȥ˵үڰǡ
ͷưôֲָ꣬ܲ
ֻܿѹѹͷףѹ޷ϸ粵Ǿĸӡ
ǼеſڣȽ빬ŵʼߺӪȷӪǰݡ
ӪȷӪǰݡ
ӪȷӪǰݡ
һĺűо֮˺ĻʣѾɱһƬĻʹһǿļ
û뵽Ӫ֧ԮȻô졣
ߺֵǣӪˣɱĻᵽˣɱ
߾ŵУٴγ嵽
˳ߵԮˣ췴ߵľһ¾ͻɢˡ
Ӫˣǻл
̫Ӷû뵽ʵǲ˵Ӫھ춯Ϊǻô졣
꣬ͼһӰֱӷ̫ϣվ档
л滹ɱȺѾ̫춯Ӫڳ⣬빬ȼݡʥʿ췴ɱΣֻҪȼ̷±־ܣһ棬Ͷ߲ɱ
ĻУƺȥԶ
ϻһ棬Ͷ߲ɱ
־˿̣ȴ᳤磬رԮˣǸսɱԼǷݹͱԮ
һٶ˥ߡ
ʿΪ˾ʤĹؼ֡
лһֱʿͻȻӵĵߺҲ췴ģҲġ
תҪӣȴԼߵһ
˭ӣ
һûֹסʿµģʿ֣췴˵ҲЩǵĵݡ
˱ˣȫȻ޹ء
һ£ӵʿ糱ˮ㣬һһ
һɢҪ£޿ܡ
̫ǰһĻͻȻͷ߳Цȥӡ
ңңվڸߴлͻȻ꣬лж̫֮ҽ˵ӣעǱ
лӤ˷֮ϣעҪΪ⳯˵һ
ȴ̫ӳΪ
£ǻ߰ɣھӣ̫ߵҪ뿪
̫Զл·ħ˵ɱ
һ
˶̫ӣҲµһˣҪ˭˭͵ɱɱָ̫лķ򣺡ҲģҪŹ£Ȩۣ֮Ҫ
̫Уһ֧
ݡһ죬ȴɱڸǣ飬գۼ䵽лǰ
筷֧ʱӣСġ
ӵ¡
Χĺл֧Ծ𣬶㿪ͷ
ǾͻȻ䣬·ԣͬϸ˿סֽŶóٶۻ׶ĳ
Ӥ
ը죬绮ΧһƬҰףһĻӳ筵
Χһз·𶼾ֹˣļž˫ۿˡ
ֻܿ
ǵӰӸ̨ˤ¡


140 
¡ʮ, ̫ǧʢ磬̫ıŭ, ۫ƽҡ
ҹĴ, ȴҲסʹĺɱ졣
ѫҶڹвμӹ磬ڼе, ǲµС˵ϻŮ죬ѹ¡
һֱϣͣ΢, ˸˳̽Ϣ
ֻѾ, Ѱ²Ͻ֣һӶףľʿڳػصѲӡ
̾Ŵ, Ĵֶһˡ
һҹĽۿȴͣЪһһĴţѲץˣһ̶ͣЪ
ε˸ͷ̫췴ô, ûյһϢ
Ȼڧ
̫ԼΪͭǽڵǽǡ
Ľһҹɱ, ֮, ʼȫǲͣץˡ
̫췴, ǣ, ֲ֪жٿͷء
ʹ
һҹɱ̫ǰףѾѪˮϴһ顣
ԭ˳ȾĹ㳡ǰ洦ɼѪδüʰĶ֫бۡ
Ӫڸϵ֮ʰıĲбǴɨս
컹ʻˣճһ߾߲˵ʬ塣
ջڹѫ󳼣Ů񶼻ڱпڸϾ̫췴ǣô࣬Щѫͷ϶ҲС
һ̫ҽƼĲҵһּž
筻ʪڴ齱ߣҹ꽽ϣһֵı䡣
ضŴŵˣգ۶á
·ֻҪ۾գһ£ǰлͻʧ
ƣȥһɾѰɡһԵǿȥǰȰ˵
ʯ㣬һ
۵Ų̣ҹңִһֶǰҪκ
ȻҲ筰Σ֪Լ书ȥۡ
ڵսսһҹұ۾
ɱСȥΧʼʿΪԼᱻʿѳʱ򣬸ָϵ
Լ⴦һĴѰ筵Ӱ
ȴû
ֱͣӵһڱ̫ҽȣ
̫ҽ뿪ڵӵµĲ顣
˻ᣬ筡
ƼϵѰδɣһ磬̲סȰ˵һ䡣
û˿Ӧ
ֵ̣˵ƣӻġ
仰ǹ筵Ļǣֱļᶯ£԰׶Ĵ꣬΢£ϸƵ㣬ҾȲ
ۿһл
û룬Ѫ˿ˮؼ䡣
һ̣ΪԼҪԶʧȥ
ȥҪһûУ
Ҫضû
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Ѷ·ϵľ˴롣
˫ûĳγͫӻɶý˼ֵǡ
ֵǲϲھǣʦֱݡĵط϶ϲġ
գգ۾û˵ĻһƿҪǰ
ǰĳĲٻؾǣȻʱŹ㣬ʥѲ⣬һ
һΪʵ۷ķңΪȥˡ
ҵǰġ
ĵҲܣȰȻҲ֪͸ϧԼŲðװ׶
筷ƿһ۽ǻ䡣
Ҳ밡ҲҪȥԸڻʹǸңԸȴҡ
ԸԼ
ĿŰԼǰףǴԼ
µԡ
һֱվں󷽵Ҧɽ˻ǰŭ֪ϵŶˣ֪ôģ
Լ˭֪ҵû˵ǰ㾫󡣡
Ҧɽԣԭء
ԩԩ
һʱǲ֪ôӺν𣬶ߺХķ磬
ͬʱһ绮⿴Ʒ˵ĵ۶֮ϣӳһƬҰס
ն꣬һ¡
ҦɽڵµҲ档ȷʵ򡣡
ᰵŮ
һյղҵ԰ף촽΢
ãɫ侲Įԭˡ
ʵڱϺֽҷ֮ǰĵױв²⣬ֻһֱš
Ҧɽû뵽̬Ȼ䵭
ΪĵԹԣ˵꽫̸ҸʵǵѡܼͨСжնŮӽԱš㵱ճܳԵĿΪ˱ΨһѪֻܽ͵ݡ
Զ뾩ǣݰȻĳ󡣡
ΨһѪ仰͸ŽĮȻҿѡֻԸŮ
Ҧɽ׻㣬
筣΢ҧ筣֪˵ʲô
筣ѵҵѡд𣿡筲δŵ
˿̵Ǻ侲ͬˮ㾡ӿأһˢĵ׵ʹ࣬·ֻд˿жϵʲôûôܡ
Ҫѡġ
筰ĵҪ˵ĻйᰵľɲΪԼ˽ģ˶ݰաżΪ֪ȴ˿δҸĸٵְ𣬷Ϊ̫ӵϻλϧΪ֣ö͡
ľɲˣֻʲô֮ˣΪʲôҪȥһѹ˽ϡ
ҵᵽɤٴʣζܲˣѾѳϢ
дҦɽ˶Ϊսڱİա
ղŵĻҦɽֻһʱߡ
˵ÿһ֣ȴŵҦɽġ
Ϊ˱ΨһѪô꣬ȴΨһŮ
ô꣬ʲô
Ҧɽһ綵ͷһˮ
վԭأ˰ΣͻȻЦ
Цűʹз̡
ҦɽЦȻֹʱתͷֱ筣дűߣ˶ཡֻʶ˭ǵᰡԼŮ֪εһӢ
ƣ֪ףʮܱ֣ƽ֮ң֪ףǺεӢ۸һһ׷ɳܣֻԷӱ߾Ůӡ֪Ϊηһ֣ε죬ֻҪڣ壬ᶯ
˵˵ţʧʡ
ʮǰ
Ҳս
׳־Ҫһɽӽ塣
彭ɽڣ˺ڣ
ôһֱݣƽ첻Ըվ޷סүӱܵĻᣬҪǧĥѡûʸǲ˺˹ͷ˽ǣҲøվ
۵ᣬȥ
Ҧɽδǳ筣һ̣·Ҫ˵ЩԳ᰾ɲҸ㣬䣬ֻܴңΪֻϵѪ
Ϊ˵һ䲻뱳Ρϵȥꣻϵԩȥ졣
ҦɽУʿ筵ģһжǰ
ǰֱ׶Ѫܣ㲻Ӳá
Ҫѡ򣬿Ǵһ̣үעˡ
ҪȻҲô꣬ɱ˼仰ݡ
ΪٵվǼٵġ
Ϊµڸǣʱķ绯Ӽٵıġ
ŮѪ
ᰵŮ
Ǹ𶼾ž޵ᰡ
ٴըʣҲը筵ͷ
Ҧɽƺãǰʮ筵Ľº͵ģʧܵģһº͵ķ겻Ҫ
һƬͶֲʵ硣
վ
ᰵŮȸӦǰھ֮ϵĺ
ܲס㣬תҪߣ
Զɳֱۣһ˴Ϸ£嵽ǰ
筣лӡ
ͷһУΡ
筿ųǰлĵǸһֱŵңٴһ
ˡ
ãˡ
ĵҦɽƵǽǣȫ޷ֻļ׼лʣ˭ģ
һŮ˴룬ô׻ʹ
ǿѵĵط
лĵһʹ֪ԼҪһ̣ʵ˵ʹ빬
筺ۣΪҪ빬
лĬ
˻֪ԸˣԼ
лޱƽǽҿɴǺԥ
һҲԸ
ԸκһΪҪţ
лһ̣һ˿ã˵筣κζҪ֪ĵʹǽ֮ѡҲڡѡһΡΣǧΣһѡ񡣡
Į̵ֲһ仰ĵ׵Ǹңڳױϡ
ͷѻһ̵˶㣬ֻһգ·˼еԹޡʹࡢΣ֯һھ緢
˻ߺǵҲմŰѪҲɱ֡
һ仰ڲ˼˵ʵɱߣǵݵˡ
еġ
ôõϢʱ϶Ѿ֪ԼᰵŮ
ΪܾǺԥѡðȥ
л۵¶һ˿ʹ࣬签Ȼûһ˿ۣĪĳ죬һֱɹʹ졣
ԭʹĲֻһˡ
ͻȻлһֱŵĵ˹ѵʦԶʦǰиҡ˵гһգϺˣ㽫ѵ
筵ͷеĵ
Ϊ̫ƽǵ嵶
۵ôһ˿ãȻ
̫ƽ
嵶ȡ֣һκ˶ϣܹ̫ƽʢ
žҴԲƷԡ
лݹʱŵʶγС
ѩҹĻлһĺ⣬ѷ⵶ʮأɵɽ
УۿȻ졣
⵶Ѿʧȥˣ筿л۵׵ԹŨҵл˵ϣմǵѪ
л筣Ҫծڱɡ
ǰһſֳֵĵС
ؿڡ
лһ̲ûãһ㲻Ҫծھȡ
µڱ
͵ս֪һõʱǺεӢ¡
Ϊ棬δ
лˣɱ
סİ𰡢ʮĵ
һ˲筵ͷһƬհס
͵սеͱȥ
У̽Ѫ֮еĴ̶죬ڳĿɿڴ
ͳվڲԶ𾪣󺰵ӡ
л̧֣ǲҪ
¶Ѫ˲䣬㽫ǳɫۣȾѪ졣
Ѫ·ϣһ޵Ļ
̧ͷ˿ʹļ筵ķ·ľһ˿֪
筡
һͬૣ·𻻻筵ѡ
ղʲô
ȴָʹֺ࣬
һģծҵծһֻġ
˵꣬͵ذγеС
ٷɽѪ䵽İա
Ѫȵġ
һ̣ʶɱ
ȻҪɱл
ޣǶģ˿ͬʱĵףҪ˺Ƭ
ٲȥתߡ
Ҫ뿪ǣҲġ
лڵϣס˿ڣѪ˳ָһֻ֣Ҫǰǰ㣬ץס
ֻܿıӰԽԽԶ
ԽԽģ
ֻʶһ̣һ˿
ĵ׾ûԹֻۡ
˵հ֮Ҫһ
κʹټ֣ôԸˡ
Сﰡһ˿඼᲻ԡ
οص
죬һ


142 
Ծһ, Ĵ¡
̼䣬ڱ顣
лվڲԶһ˿筵ıӰ, ĵܻͷ, ֻǻͷһۡ
תϳʧУδعͷ

лʹ, ȻЦ, ֻЦж͸ž
筣㡣
ĵĬ, Ҫ, ߸һߡ
֪, һע롣
, Ҹʲôʱ, ϸǴͻ顣
գһжˡ
ȻȨƣһ֮֮ΣɻסİŮӡ
лԶеۿųֻ, Ҳ޷, ǰ̤һ, ߡ
һͷһѪ˳
ͳǰס
¡
ͿߵѪ, ͳϵҩ, , ˭֪ʵ̫ҩƿȻڵϣҩˮ
͵ϣظ
л˿Ѿԡ
ͷ볿ͽлֻǳҪʱȴվԭƺлҪ˵
һֹģ
סͷ㻹Ÿ
ȴûִߴһ䣺Ͻӵֻ³ŲסˡǵøϽϻظ
Ҳǻȥˡ͵סȭͷ¶˵
͵ɴ˫ۣں˵˵ʲô
̧ͷҪߣȻҲ֪ҪȥĶ֪һ𰱨ġ
Ŀɿڴã˵ӶҪ𣿡
ǵϣ۵һƬģֲˮ᣺Ǵڹߣһġ
һֱڹߣ᳣ˡ
ԼһջҶԷˡ
Ͷϲ𣿡
ʶǸСǲǰϤ
ϲϲ𰣬ĩˣ֮УŵʱСӲҶԡˣҾ˵û취
ͼѵٴοڣǴ˷뿪Ҳ޷عߡ
ҲҪ뿪
ͺлԴ󣬶˵׵ܵһĴڡ
δ֮һջ˷ֱ
̧ͷƺ¶ģ֪Ҹ˵һԹӣպлᣬԻ
ҧ
Ҳ֮ǰǰ㣬ת˽뿪
Ҳûعͷ
ԶȥıӰǵص飬һһģ˱Ӱ
ҦɽһĻ˵ð빬Ҿġ
һ
ҲֻΪ˱ȫƣϱŵѲһԩѹӪʮһǴãֻ»䡣ŮǰӦᰲġ
ڽôˡ
ȻҲΪѹȥ˲ֻŵˣץסץסĶҪġ
筵ȻʱԻʵ۵ĲʱΣա
ӪĶʮܹãô㳹Ա
ᰵŮΡ
˭ܶ
ִӲԼ֮ˣ˽ͰĶι˹
䣬ںڰԵˣҲҪˡ
صġ
ƣͬãҪסġ
Ҧɽͬ˵Ӫô꣬Ӫ˧йءҴȥҪҪǣҪӪС
Ӫ˧ᰣ֮
ԸðΣգᰵŮΪǶֿѣȻϴҵ
ô꾭ӪӪơ
筼ŮŮûбӺʡ
ΨһҪĵıǣŮ
ԹŮƱȨ֮٣ľ̫١
Ҧɽ̾һΨΪ
ֵ˵Ѿһ򲻿йԼΪͣү£˭ûǿԼ˾󰸷˹
ҲǸֶĵԭ
СʦãѾѰŮӡ
ǰ񰸣ҲԲУһ׮׮һ飬Ѿ
û뵽㵹ǶģҦɽ΢
ֳסֽɡ˵ߣӪȨֿɵá
ʱˣЩ̰ɡֵ
Ҧɽ˵ͷĻ֮£
*
筴ʼֻ״̬ߵĴһֱûͣ¡
ֻܽŻеĵ
ǰһлһĻԺ
ͻȻ˼ƺ뵽˹ºͬʱС㣬ӣҲҴִš
±˷֣Ů
Ψиڵλӣķ
ΣգȥμڻΧ˶ܵİ֮УŷȪׯ˵ҹӣСѾߣһ·ȥȡ֤ݡ
һĻĻذ㴳Ժ
֪Լϣʵ̫û
̲ס룬빬Ͳ
ִվʱƿӣŷ筲ˡ
֪꣬Ϊ̫˷˸գͨ죬ʶģһֱԲѡ
ҦɽͶҽҩ
ȥмҩġ
ҩ˻ҦɽԼҩι筺¡ֻ̫춼Ųҩιһ룬ֻһ붼û¡
гһ¾ͱ
ֱڶհԺ˹Ƥóص

ߵˣҦɽһһҹ
Ҳˣˣ㲡
ƣˡҦɽһ
ƤգˣֻʵǵĶˣ
Ҧɽ˵˸һЩ㱣˵Ȼճǵؽ磬ӪкԶԶ
Уǵ·˵ţȻƿҪ´
Ҧɽǰס廹ûָ·żǵ峹׻ָˣҲ١
筲԰һ۾ʹ˿ȥһ˫ӸǴķֻ˫ԶγʢƹĺʱϨ˹â

ҦɽҪڣɤȴַ·𱻶סˣڣʵûá
Ҧɽ촽ûɵۡ
Լġ
ôûãûãð빬ľģҦɽǾ筡
ôһ˲ԭء
ڴϣãȻҦɽ
ֱʧʹޣ޵һ߿һʣҺûãΪʲôҪʱһȥһ档
һֲл·ᣬ˺ѷεʹࡣ


143 
Ĵڲ֪ͣ, ڴϣͻȻ¶İ㣬΢, ȥ, 춼ȥ̡
һ˵꣬û˿
, ʶһ䡣
ֱǼž, ͻȻʶ
, ҲûһаĹ
ҲûһֻҪһ, ͻڽӦˡ
ĵٴαСĥУһϮͷ
θͷƽδԹġ
ǰ侭˷, õŹģ״, һ, ȴҲİѻδʲôˡ
һ·գȴÿÿܷ׻
Ψ, ۿŰ𰱻, ȴΪ
, ֻҪͻĥ, һһ, һξͻĥһΣ絶ġ
ֻĸо̼˼ԽԽ
ҪǰӪΪ֮⣬оǱӪıȨȥ
һңӪôꡣ
ҵΣʱվˡ
ҰĳҪ
ѪծҪǻ
ͻȻһ
筲˼ֻüеЩ졣
лЩĲ£ǿߵſڣ򿪷š
ͼԶԺڣһߵƾʲôߣҪ
˵ˣھ˭š㱾ͲߵˣԴǵ
筶˿Ҧɽߵ̴ӡ
ֱƼŴ򿪣ϲ
筼ΪлԼ˵Щʲô
ֱƿǰŵˣ˹筿ʣôˡ
һߡһ˵
΢
Щû˼ߣ
Ҳھˣ֪뿪϶Ҫ𰱨Ҳᶨ
һ·׷筣±Ҳں
ǰ꣬ʱ۵ʢι۵Թкޡŭʹ
ʳˣȴֻֻܲ뿪
պһһ·Ư֪ǰںη筲԰׵¶ҵЦ⡣
գһɢȥĻɫһ縲ÿͷӰ
筣۵͸ǰδеļᶨδ뿪л벽ǳͣӶὫھֻԼ
ԥ뿪ǴҲزȥľ򣺡׸ŵ£ʲô඼Թʲô඼ܳԡֻҪΪ𰱨Ҷں
ĵ׵Щ壬·Ҳһ˲ɨ塣
ۿŰԼǰΪβȥ
ԣҪ氢𰱨𡣡
һ磬Ҧɽ׼ٸ筼һҩ
һţͷԼ̴ڰǵĶʵ࣬ôҲͼӣһװ¡
ͷͿų筣
ԭ԰ֽգ˿ƺÿ˲٣ǲδȫȥ
˵ӪϢ·ӱް˰ӼǵĽų̻ǲ죬ӽտʼװ̡
Ҧɽⵣǣ廹δ׻ָʱǿ·ܳԵ𣿡
ңԼȴᶨ
˼֣ҦɽҲȰ룬ϾҲҪϵӪ
Խ絽Խܿ
һˣҹ̣ͣ·
·ΪվֻҰ¶ޣҲûһ˿ԹɻδȫָǱյѺ˲١
һ·ԽԽٽ߹أΧ¶ǰĲһ
ڽϴ£ڶ죬ɻᱣּⰻȻСˮľɣƺǶ˽ϵĹ֮䡣
þ㣬ϸ¡
һ·УǴգΧҲۿɼԽԽĻɫ
һͷȫϸϸĻɳ
λڹעɽشҪɽ߾ۣ۹ɽգǴ赲еĵһ·ߡ
С߳Ҫ˫أһء֮
ӪڣٽӺݳҲֻвʮľ롣
ԽǿӺݳǣܸоǹɽɱա
Ӫ˧սϢѾزס߾Ļ̡̻
һֱǰս˭û뵽սҲһգԭΪЩս¶֮⣬ʱбٳµΣա
˭֪һ֮󣬱˵᲻̤ǵļ԰
·Ĺٵ筿˾ټǨˡ
·ЪϢƼһҲͣ
еϸϸţСŮƺЩһֱͣһ飬˹ȥ
СŮİүҽ¡
԰ɣﻹкЩء
λС㣬ʹãСŮүүϽ
ЦԵ֡
СŮүүŵͷСŮӹ
̲סʵ˼ңǴĶҪȥ
ǴӺȥڣȥĶܱȴáǰͷ԰׵ߣһ۾ܿһʳׯˣȴֱǡ
⻰̲סʵӺݵǻжʮ
ҡҡͷ̾Ϣƽһ˭ܳƬأ˵ֲһ˲ӣƽСӺҪˡ
˵˼Һα˵ɥĻƽˣǻ
Ҫ˵ɥһֱڳƽֵ´̣Ĺǵˣ˭վƬ졣
ͷͷ˵ĻӣǾȴǸ׳
رͷƬգ筴δھǻǽϣտգͬˮϴɫɾ᲻գ۾
дķ磬ζ
筳Ƭ֮󣬻ڣеģˣҲµս֣Ƭء
˼ԣϼǾã˵û뵽ССͣ˼ʶ䣬Ҳ֪ûˡ
ôһ˵Ҳһ
û뵽һҰߣȻҲ֪ᰡ
筽סʵ˼ңҲ˵ᰣ
ССͷǣȻѾʮ꣬䣬ôǡڵˣһδǹ
ǰֻᰵľɲУֻƬ
ǰŭ֮Ҳкڡ
ͷһδһİ߿Уٴ̲ס
ҲΪϣõΧ̽ӣΪİˣƺֹס˻ϻӣ˵٣ͶӪ̴˶֪
˵ԸЩӣǽһӢ£¡ʱ
ƺҲѵ̸ԣ˵£ɷ󲻽һţҲ׷£˵
˵ʴ˴ЦѣΨͷǳǳп
ԭᰡ


144 
˵, Ҧɽе֪Ǿͻᵽ߾ӺʱͷҲһɵ, ˵ӻǵӵ˼
ҹʱΪ߾ȱ𴦣վЩ١
һţ˯, š
Щӣ粽Χ, Ҧɽδܽ
΢΢, ٴʰ׵׼·
һҶвˣõƥΪý
ܳ
СĽ䱸, Ҧɽһ䡣
һ·ǲûٷˣֻҦɽ, ټ筺һһĸ, ȻɴЩС
СĽ, û
ԴʱҲ˽
ۼ, һƼ, ϲ׿
筴˿Ҳˡ
ǰ׿Ѿ˸ǰԾ, ǰ, ׷ˡ
, ͷͻȻйɬ
ŷ׿ˣ붼
ЩǵݽģǣڷſڣҪ׷һĻǰ
Ƕˣм΢ࡣ
ɻڣǵΨһŮȴѾ޷
뿪ѾʮգЪϢƬ̣׿˹ʵôˣ
׿һ·Ϸ¶ޣü˼ַ˪رʼʱ̲ס̾һ
㵽ôˣ筼㣬Ҳ⼱ˡ
׿˵֪ү֮£޵Σ֪˰УȥҪ˰ʬס
˵˴׿Ҳʡ
ᣬȴһֱжȣӲ¶
ɴ˿̣۵ᡣ
Ҳ׳ҵ꣬밢һ𳤴԰𰲢Ů֮飬ȴѾΪá
Ůӣȥһ˻ʹʧ
׿βܣβǻԹޡ
׿ݳӵˣ۵Ҳⳤ˴̣ͷһɾþòɢɻǻŭȥЩʲô
ڰ𰰲֮ǰء
ҹ̸˴ûˣһı
𰡭һ鰢֣ͻȻͷǸһҹ·ҪҪϢ
׿ҡͷҹ̸·ѾϢˡӺݲԶˣȻﵽ
Ҳá筲·ϵ顣
ǰӺݡ
˴գͻȻ˷ܵ筱µӺҪˡ
ƿ档
ֻԭҰϣһǳţſߴչӴ˴Ѿܿǽŵıʿһ
˷ܣ筶˷ܲѡ
ţֳſųĶ飬׵ʿһǵˣ֪ѾϰߣηЩʿеڰŶӡ
һ˸Ρ
⵹ЩĿ࿴˵ξ
Ӻ£϶˼־ʿϢ
ԭ͵ǣ筶׼Ŷǡ
˭֪մӳڳһĻͱϵһע⡣
վڶĩβ
ûһһű׵˴һֳ֡ʿӳڳ˷׷ÿƺЩǵǡ
Щ˻ʣ˸ϽǱ졣
ΨǲûбֻڰŶӡ
ֱǶ˸ǰͼǰ˳筹¼
ǰİӣһ
ʣͼһɱ
һȶʵѭ˹ȥ
ײһ˫ǳĺһ״ϣɵס罾ĸɾ
ƥδͣϵѾ¡
嵽ǰ
ˣֻû˾ů顣
߹֮أȴδǣȼֶȷɡ
ϲʵУξô
˵վͻᵽӺݣһֱڳſڵţҵ˷ǵˣֶȷɵȻϤȴִ˼İĵͳ
һ¶ѣ߹صķɳƺü۽ǣ˼֣ھʱеĳȡ
ЩȣΪλʶң
ֶȷ¶һ˿Ц⣺Ϊ˵ǼƯӰĹǱ
⻰һ㶼
筱ǾɫھƼĵطɳڵĽŲ۾
֮߳Уɳϣңˮôˡ
˲Ů٣ܱɹķʹֲڡ
էȻôһλʤѩڷīɫ׿һһЦ续߳Ůӣܽ˲ע⵽
Ǵ˿̣Χбʿвϰ͵͵ͷ
δɴ̧ʱβ΢̣ںڳγ٣·Ľϴɫ߹֮أԭȾ
λ˿Ѿڸǰ
筵ͷҲһͬǰ
ֶȷɵĴ죬ǲҪŶǣܿͨš
߾֮ǣȻȥľǰĻֺ꣬Ҳķݶв㡣
ֻǴϣؽֵĽ˼Ϣ
ڳҲδţӣֵ߽ϣ˰ײֵɣĶԱȡ
Žϵĵ̣һҽһңһ⡣
Уξ筳ǰͷ˺һ
ֶȷͷôˣ
ָ̧ŹŵİײʣҼе̣ԹҰײΪ£
Ըǿӵģ֪Ұײǲ
ˣȴһĻϰΪ˿ûֵı飬ýӵɽӡ
ֶȷһ˿̣ųڵŮھǾϸģһ·ϵķ˪˼ֲͬ۵׶˳غͼ̡
ǳаգڼүֶȷɻ˵˿ڡ
ţĿһ֮ϣǵİףֻΪһˡ
ûй߹ذգػһǵİƽ
߹ذδֻ֮Ϊҡ
۵״΢ȣһΣѡ񲢷ң֮ǰ¡սܣ㽫ΣǱ߹б䣬Ƿܲǰ
Ϊ˵ΪȨƣΪǰղŻġ
ܿ죬һ˱˳н
פصĽӸۡǰһֱסѳʬͣ鸮ϡ
һֱȴǰ
ΪǽפŲپʿΧԵøⰲ
յſڣ筸մӳͼ洫һޣˡ
̧ͷȥͼһ˹ĳ¡
ϳԷǸߵŹ£Ǭ
Ǭ壬𣬿Ǭȴڵû
Ǭͷŵ棺ūûãūûá
һֱ߶Լãϵűʹ
кᣬ𣺡սɳкιϵ
֪СһֱںүߣʱүǳڲչʱӲסһʱȲúүǬ˵
ͷޱʹ֪Ǩŭˣô
ɱ˸׵Ǳֵĳڲգˣֻ㵽ͷϡ
Ǭǰͷ·筵˵
ǬԼҲ֪Ҫ飬Ǳ筴·
ѾһƬף筴Ŷ룬ܿ죬ǰͿĵǣͣڴڵǸľ
һ룬ͻȻЩǰ
ͻȻؾŵĶѾǣ׷ϣл࣬һ·׷ʮء
Զ߹أܼȴֻһľ
˿Ǹľʮľ룬ȴǵһ޷ǰ̤
ǸŮȴδܶΡ
δԼ㲻ͬǰæ֮УҲдţصһС
ż˵˵̵飬ż˵˵ճ
ȤֿȴʱΪοġ
ǰɽȻˡ
һ̣ڳȷĵûˡ
ͻȻͷͬɽХıѹܵǸľԣſ档
˺ѷΣǾóչӣͻȻԼѾʧȥܹڷ絲֮
һγ޼ҿɹС
ֻǰʱĶ־
ֻʣһɹǵʹ
֮ʱ̶ıʹҲһ̱ŷս¸ҡսʿһʧʹޡ
ۡ


145 
ֻɳΪ, ʬ
̶һ仰ȴ֪ѪᣬǱ˷ƫЪϢ, ޵ʵ̫, Щ赹
ֻһ, ƺĵ׵ʹ, ͷ˳
筿֮󣬱׼ˮϴ
¼ûźˣ˵ūȥСѾ߹źСɡ
á˵
Щ, ȰСǽ֮, ûѾߡ
Ϊ, ߶кüСѾߣԱûصˡ
ϾɵĶˡ
Щ˲ϲͻȻˡ
˭֪߳ˣϹܼβ֡
λǷڸϣûٻش, ̬ϵľܾѾԶ, ֻת˸⡣
˵֪С㵽ˣƷĽѾȺ, ֻСү֮󣬱λ档
޹ְ, Ҳʲô˲Ĵ
ŮųƽֻҪһղ, һղᡣЩһִ, ܲΪĴ¡
ȹȥ, λԵƬ, 筵˵
µͷֻ֮󣬺ܿ۷һطѣ̵۾һʹܿƽֽӹ·
ܼ΢ЩСˣҲĹǡ
ϹܼҹǰЩס
ֻһ˵׻ǸǧС㣬ĥĥǶ˶ã⻹ء
һһ˵ˣŵ˶ãͿʼԹСԶܵȰݼү
µˣһɥƺ筺ܲΪȻ
ֱ׵һλϵӣ̧ۿ˹ǵȵĲͷȻӪء
ºͣŵˣС
ϴһӣ⻰ҲڨڨһЦ󽫾⣬Ҳ֪Ӽס
СɥЩ֮飬λеȲͷģлȥλ󽫾ȴûס˵
ŵĶӪĽ죬оӺݳڵĹԱ
Ӫڱ߹פͱʮҲҿξϽûֵʿڳһǷǡ
ӺݳǵЩССԱӪ˺гһ
ӪĽԹҲˣЩ˭Ҳʵ
һϽҡͷҡ
˵Сˣ¶˵䣬ͱɣǵȵĲͷ
ûһܼҹ˵Сڸ£̱
Ƭ̣ٴ洫Ų
ЩԼģŲ档
һТİɫӰн̤һ̣Ŀⶼϡ
߹Զ뾩ǣȴҲвٹڳƽĴԡ
ıǣүŮò绨
ֻǴԱϾǴԣҲδļŮ
ֱһ̣һںķϣһλΣһТ˳еԽʤѩˡ
һ̧̣һ˫γĺ΢ת䣬ŴѩɽϻʶµȪ
ܿ͸ġ
筲δֱߵǰλֻû£תվ
ӯӯһݣ筼λˡ
Ů·ʹɽʯˮ
ºȴһʯļ͡
ҲǰԹ˼ĴˣҲ񣺡С㡣
λλ˿ˣϼ޹޾λøλĴ񣬡˵
˵Ŀȴûĸҵ档
ûˣӪжҵľʿ
һ֮
˿ЩᣬЩˣȻעľڿˡ
඼Ÿ߱Σֻǰӣȴֻˡ
筲ʣҲ֪˾ǸΪҲΪλ
Žꡢ½佫Ĺ㡣
һѾȥĽȫ
ΪᱱˣǣκѾ¡ɽɱ
⼸Դ׵һλá
Ҳȷʵݣƽ֮µһˡ
Ӫǽˣսպա
Աߵλñǿյģɼȫǻţ
ֱˣע⵽ڵڶϵˣθߴͣţҲԱߵ˸߳ࡣ
кųӪһͽ佫Ĺ㡣
ȻԲı꣬ȴ޵Уһֹͷбʹĳ뻯
俴ƴִϸ
ôܹȾĴ󽫾֮һ
ϳ˹Ĺ㣬ȻҲֵ֪һģ½
ıĹͣƺûа취һʻݣֻܹѹסĹ㣬Ϊ֮ˣҲȻй֮
筱Щ߹ؽ첢Ϥȴи֪µ
Ҧɽ֮ǰ͸ֿ
ΪҪ͵£Ϊñ߹еЩ֪Ѿˡ
Ͼ߹صأǼ˲ڴ˵ء
ӪĶʮҶڱ߾սһ߱ĥѪʿǱ𾩳ǺųǾ֮ʦ־ֻ¶öࡣ
һ֧ӣȻǼǡ
ҵǣһ֧ӣñʼ޷̤ԭһ
ĵıǣһУгһգתͱϵˡ
мܵס
˽ӪҲرʱ̼Ӫ̬
Կү¶ﶨᣬΪ˴ߵˣ˻˵
΢΢ףŴһ˿ۿ΢졣
ͷˣȻ˵սɳ㽫ʬأҪʱƬء
˻һ˲죬С
ҶнʿĿ
ȻɳǼԶĵط
˭û뵽ԣҪһӣһӵĵط
ѯʣ֪үʱ˵Ļ
筿ȥ
͵ҲǲԣֻǺүѳѾڻϣ𢣬βúүء
ڽʿ˵ؼҶ֣һֱƴŬڵĶ
رЩѾƷĽӺݱˣڱ߹ػΪ˼ҹ黳Ϊ˰ݹٷ
Ƕһ룬Ǳ᲻ʱܹؼҡ
筵˵󽫾ĺ⡣ֻǸң˵ԸΪŮǼҸԸҶɡ
筲ûڲƭ꣬߹ص·ϣҦɽͽһš
ԤһգǰдһŸ筡
Եгһս㲻ý˻ع˱ڱ߹ء
һȻǧշ硣
ΪԼ˽µŷ֣Լ׵һ˿Ѷδѧᡣ
Ƿŷж̹ȻἰԼûһ˿η壬˴ݺ̹Ȼ
ô̹Ȼ
ѧĸ֡
˭ɱҪȥɱ˭
筵ļ֣ջ꿪ڵǺүԸҲءֻǺүͷѹӦΪ
筴ӾǸϵ߹أ·ϻʮʱ䡣
˵ա
ТģүȻܸܵ̾һ
ǵ筸ոϵ߹أ·۳Ͷ٣Ҳûٶ߶š
Ϲܼڣһжɡ
رǵ֪ĹײĲ˻ؾǣڱ߹أϹܼȥѡɽˮ֮ء
ҹڣֽǮһӽ
ִûܸʱҲİɣһֽһߵ߶·˵Ķˣ
ĬãͻȻʵĲŮ𣿡
ȻѾҪʵĵһ̡
īҹУɢԣִء
߹ص£·𶼱ȱ
ϧҲû˻ش⡣
*
˼գӱҲ
ʵҲ˱߹أʥּϼӷٳ費ϣȴҲֻŵ˿ˡ
Ϲܼһ°׵筶ᡣ
筿˰죬ҲûʲôҪĶͷӦ¡
ڶ죬֮ա
ź
Т¡
ڹײǰҪʱ̣һ̡
ѾæֻǸڹľԵӰһֽǮĬš
ʱ±
С㣬¼û˵С
׵ʱõģֺ󲻵ãҪȻɥǡ
ͷǰĹľۿٴһ㱡ᡣ
ֻΣסˡ
ϥӣԭѰһλױλȴϸ֣ҪԼ
Ȼڴ£Щ顣
ɱϾﲢûҵϣˣҲᡢֲߵģЩ˶׷߹ɱС
󣬻ױλ
ڱ߹زˣԲδ֪ͨᣬҲȽһֱ֪µġ
ס
һų𣬽ţ֨ѽ򿪡
ڹײ֮ǰһ£ֱλ̧ͷ׼ǰ
ţԭء
ջЩĽֵվˣѶİգȻפڳ࣬Ⱥȫġ
ʱȺд֮
̧ͷȥЩһİӲʶ
ȴˡ
Ϊ
ӾԶֻΪ߹صÿһء
筲֪Щ֮˭븸ԨԴǸ׾ǵĸĸֵܡáӶŮֻΪлһսɳѳ׳ҡ
ΪζգǶվ
̤ţ̧׵˸һ߳
ſվŵꡢĹȽӺݳǵĴСԱ׷׵ͷùľԼǰ߹
ԽЩˣ߽ʱȺв֪˭صѹ֣̼䣬޺졣
ү
򽫾
ĿӶȥľˣĻء
ȴɫ侲ᶨѾ֮ǰɣһ̣Ÿ׵λֱͦΪŮӣ߳صơ
İֽƮյĿ޺ҵ顣
˸Ҳ
Ķ飬ѹѹͷ·𿴲ͷ
һ̣Ǹͬıʹ
ֱĶ˳ǣһɽ
վɽܹأжͷ­Ѫĵط
Ӵˣڴ˵أҹҹػء
ĹѾںãԱһ߳ʱѵĹ
̧׵˽ľĹѨ֮ϣ֪ԭ⴦ĹѨҲԼҺõǴ
ѿ˱
Ŀ쳹أ·ɽҪѡ
֪ΪΣͷͻȻëëϸꡣ
߹صѸ͵ģ鶷£һ̣ϸ˿
ݵꡣ
ꡣ
ۿŹľһ£̲סһ䣺ס
Źײһû֮УΧĿң˺ѷΣϸ£·һͬ
ֱһϵİͻȻų򽫾ˣ߹Σӣտӡ
ţһ޴һ߾һͷҪײϹľ
ҿʱȥ
ΪűѪ
촽΢䱯İգҡ
ǵսˣǰıûˡ
ڴʱԶؾȼ̣еϮʾ
ԶİУֱϣҷ紵֮бϸ꽽֮
Ϯ
ǵϮ
굱תͷպүᣬڽʿҪͺүһֻ̡ء
ϾӪıȫѹأȴײ
˹أǣȭͷ޻ռˡ
ЩӣһֱǵвҲ
ǹסתͷĵʿǷŸ߳ʱˡ
ʿҲû뵽һεεĹ˺񣬾Ȼߺһǹס
˵꣬Ѿ׷ȥ
аĿɿڴͼ׷Ϻ󽫾Ҫһǰء
סһʱ˾ܾ
ȥ֮ȺеĿĪСˡ
˵Ŀⶼ׷ǸµŮӣŮ
Ů


146 
ɽ, ֱӷ࣬˿䡣
궼̲סתͷһ, һµŮ, ߬ͷ, ͷϰŰײ, ԺµİײڷбƮ
Ǹʱ죬źʵ޴ĳţⱱ˵Ľк
ͷһôĽӴս
ȴɫ򶨣ߣһ˳š
ŷֶԷδʼ, ֻǶԷѾں, õĳ峵ݡݡڳľײеһӦȫ
Щװİǰ, Ǳв
½кϡ
ؾѾΪ˳ٳ޷ͻƵһǵ
ֻսԶǲпġ
³ǳؼ̣ҪĻس֮ˡ
굽ʱ򣬴˿سŵĲνǰͨ, ǰǵĳ˱ǰӪ춯˱ϢȷԷջ֮ķԸ, ΪѶ
ԭ֪, ô, δػסˡ
ӺݳڣȻ˶ޱˡ
޲⡢
ӴˣȻʲô˶С
ҲС˱˵ĽƱ򶯣͵͵ݹӺݵȻ֮ǰץסǸɱۡ
º͵ˣץסˣնɱ
ὫЩ˵ʬڳϣ˶Ƽ³
ƲģЩץ
ȴ£ֻס
ȻԷ֮󣬱²Ӫڶཫػͱ𣬵ʱ飬ô˻ᣬء
عڵĲνЩˣű㿪ʼ󡣡
Ҳٱ飬ȴͷһս̲סЩţǵͶʯӦÿԸǰɣΪβͶʯ
νĳһۣ󽫾ͻȻôһλòĹ
һһ¡
˿Ȼս½ţվڳǽˣҲ͵͵筣Ǻ棬ΪλͻȻôһ
¶ʵϡ
˵ǲͶʯǲá
ҪΪΣ˱仯
˿ֳֶ̣ƵĲͻȻ߳¶һ
һϵǿ׳ˣ˳
ȴͥŲ
ŶԷһʣڲգ
ǣǱǰӪ˼ǳڲµһԱͽ˵
˼ŶԷ
֪ڱֵ˼ʨϲ޸Լ
ϣԼӵ޵ͺٶȣܹսϣս޲ʤ޲ˡ
˼ֺ󣬾ͼӻ֣ͻȻ汻һˣÿ˶һһԶԶȥܿͷ棬ڡ
Ⱥ˳֮󣬱˷
Ǹ߾䵶зŹֶ˷ܵĻ
Ҫʲôʵ
˻شΪܿѾ˶ԷҪ
ֻܿնЩŵӣվԭأҶһ¡
ֱһǾ䵶ȺǱѣʱɢܿ
˶صķǼҵķ
ܵù
رǱֵսǾһһĸصǿ졣
Щƺżվڳ¥֮ϣȻǵȴܸоı顣
ЩУֻǴ׵ĸ
صĳѾգǰͨаҲ˻
ǰһֿĺ治ˮײ޼˹ǶףЩ޴ˣѹ޷ͨ
΢˱۾޷˵֡
δϹսȴҲ֪˿̲Ǹ֮ʵʱ
Щ˾Ǳصµն
˽սʱֵս˻׷˳ȥи߾ٵ䵶ֻһոǰ
Ҫʧ˳
һڣ䵶Ѿ˵
ˣ׸档
˷ܵļУ䵶ͷ­ֶ۵ôԶ筷·ˡ
վڳǽϣǽЩ޴ɱ
筵Ʒסǽ⣬ץשԵ۾ŵµƬ
Ѫڵϣǽļ綼ȾŨصѪζ
紵筵ͷŵİɫҿ·Ҫ壬ХƺڽŸ
ս
пġ˵ġѪȵս
ֱ˼ǰͬҵף׷ϵһ㽡ӣֻ׷ϵһ̣ǰ䵶˶ԷĲ
ӵͷ­ڵϣ˼ͷ߾ڰС
־кȻĺСߺ
˼ͷ­ڰУſյѲһȦ
ӵͷ­Ѫͷ­ֻһսƷ
ЩҧѪۣ޾⡣
Ⱥ
ĻȻǳǽسǽʿĵ׵Ļ
ɫĮһƽ侲Ŀ˵Ǳ˵ļڹ֮ǰͷһūЩūȫǺˣҲвԭŮһǾͲȷżʹͶʯЩƽ񡣡
Ϊβǣ
үڵʱЩˣֻǴǵʧ˼ʮˣҲֻȻˡ
Ǵһڵ㽫̨
ڶգھдһǰͷŵ񣬽Բȡ
ȲƱӿºͣϾҲִӪʮ˧
ȵöʿ
תͷһ筣Ҳ̫ѹЩ˵к˼٣붼Ǳ˴Ӳԭץġ
뱱̣˫սݡ
ѾԸԭϵ⣬Ͼٺ׬ҲȲҪ
Ĭ
ֱã˵ˣҲܵ˶Դ
ˣˡ
ڡɽҰޣǵͬࡣ
˶ԴȴƷŹǣȴֻΪɱʱȤѡŻ
ӦӵΪ˵ϡ
ڳ£һܵˣ˼նɱ
ǲˣȴҲɱЩ
δȫɱ֮ǰǾ
ֻڶˡ
ҲɱʣȴҶ
˼ƵĽȥǸˣ˩Լ֮ϣҲٿĵıݡ
һ׼
ǽϿһĻõĹ֣
ǵļͷ׼£ֻһ
ż
һǣ£ֱԷӪ
ĺɫ
ವļͷŵڶ߽֯ĺХ
ܼƣ·Ҫɱ־ӡ
ֻڼųһ˲ѸˣŶƵĲɶ󣬼ڼӵʱ䣬αγɡ
ȻҲ˱ͷУǵȴ̡
ͷڶϣ졣
Էٶܣ겻Ųæ˵Ͷʯ׼
¥ϵͶʯѾ׼׵һһ˲ʯڰз裬ԷΡ
ζƲԸЧˡ
Ϊδʱˡ
ʯڶ棬Ϸҵ˵ϣÿҲ֪ˡ
һʯ˹ȥ
˲١
ǾʯЧģÿͶʯҪһ׼ʱ䡣
ͶʯɱҲޡ
ͶʯװʯͷʱֵĲٴηֿüܳ峵˳ĳ峵ǵײװӣĹ
ǵļͶʯƳ峵ǵĳ峵Ƶǰ棬ǵȷӣó峵ǡ
սǰɣڸ筽Էսͼ
ⳡȣӦô˶á
ûΪʲôΪ֪عּʱѹռˡ
֪飬ֵɵӡ
Ҳ֪ġ
ǽչǶ𹥣ҪȻڲղûǰ
Ȼڲû筵۾ȴζŶԷеİ˼
ʣҵǴΣ˼ڳ𣿡
ڡն
á
ңңŶԷеİ˼·ҲӦ㣬̧ͷߵĳǽһɫ׵ʿǽĨɫӰԵøۡ
˼΢۾ֻǸ̫Զ޷Է
սɱˣһָо
ǾǶ
оɱǳͶŨҵɱ⡣
һɱ筿Ű˼֮ƽ䡣


147 
ⳡǲδ̫, 򣬰˼ռһˡ
ϰ֮󣬰˼ʲˡ
վǽͷ, Ű˼ȥ, ڻ̲סʵѵǾЩȥ磿
ԴӺүѳ֮ǱһֱزˡңԶֵĴѾʧߴ
ˡ
ǵͳ˧ˡ
ȻӪƲŲңȶ, ֻе˲ܸоӪһ΢ֽŵ״֮С
Ҫ˧𣬿ȴֻܼز
Ϊȥ, ζŰܡ
˭ǳڲյĶ֡
Ǳ߹زֻһ, ǿصļڣӺݡǹעɽӲ, ߾ǧ
زԶı߾㱱ԭ, Ǳķֲݳ
ˮ, зֵĲݳǵļ԰
㱱ԭǴ뱱֮һȻ, ҲвСУЩСΪ˶ԿֵҰģ׷׳
λųǱְӳڲճֺ, гԿ
Σնɱǰ
ڲյ, 
ͬ, ÿӪʿС
˵Ǳ˵ӡ
Ļǳ, Ҳǳʵ
˴̫𺳽Ӱǣÿһÿξг
ǵսס㣬ǵĸֵ⣬ǵȻ
Ψصͭǽڣǰ
ûôӡ
תͷ筣ԣĿǰ޲ߡ
ûʹʱϸڣĿͬԶֵľѾʧȴ֪Ƭԭĥǡ
ι֮սƲݲݽȴûܸС
筻صʣ͹Ĺͬ˸˻
ֻǹĹ㿴筣ãһҿԱߵһֱɫš
ǹĹһﲻס
ʹɫӣͺӴڴ˵ǺүŮǺүĴӣºүôһ֮ǲ̫
һˣʵڲҧĽ֣˰죬ɴ
ǲ̫ϵˡ
ĹЩǿð̣ԭȲһСһģҪ粻֪Ŀݵˡ
ˣ޷ܡ
үûҶĴӣΨһִֵŮȻ;ˡ
֪ˣ϶еϮ
Ѿ˻óıسǣһ֮ʮ֮У󻹽ǳս
֮ǰǱǱĳźү֮ʱȥִ֡
û뵽Ҳһˡ
Ĺһ뵽үһ̶ߵôôçĺӣЩᡣ
һ·ϣʱ˽š
ҪûˣԼСô£ǵ˹ݺݽѵһ
ҪԼСӣ϶Ҫֱӳһ١
ôһεεСĹҲôһʡ
ڵ⻰ɫ΢䡣
筣糣͵ҵһսΪأȪ֪֮Ҳҵ
ЩڣһСҲֻƸֶѣĹ㷴˵βúͺүһ̡
Ȼᵽ£ֱ˵Ȼô˵ôҡ
筻û˵꣬ͼʵӱƿ
һʿкöʿۼǡ
ҪգӪ£Ǽʱ顣
˵Ҫ
һ֪ʿΪλҪ
ԭʱһ𣬱Ƽܿ죬б㴫󽫾һӰĹ
ݣܶҲµˡ
˿ТܽصĹֻүŮ
Ǳ˵Ϯ筵ĳ֣ЩʿڻѹƲסĵ׵ıʹҪĺˡ
ǳ⣺Ů
ҼȴȻڡ
Ťͷ筣ջȰһ䣺Ӫ˶ӣǹ֮˼
˵һ޹ְƷ֡ᡣ
λȴҶԡ
үսԶھǣֻλǰȴ˸С
ϾȥһսʲӦУȴΪͽᱱˣʿʱүҲѹǡ
ʱ˧֮λģǽȫ
Ҳ˭û뵽ͽ
ҲżǺүİΣ뾩ǱϾ̫ԶǱ޳ĪҪ飬ٴʥΪүʱȴŴӾǴϢ
ƽŮ筣õŹģǵӲһ֮󰸷˹
ԭӪǰܸ˱ˣǰܸ
һսĺ̫ʱսʿȻ
ЩսģǾþɳʿ
Щģ±ֻһѵһɳ
Ȼ˳ڲյնɱǰ
˶ţʿδʧӪ㱻ľơ
Ȼ筴ӦЩʿȻҲ
ܿ죬سǡڵʿ֮⣬˶ۼ䳡
䳡Ķߣһɸߵĵ㽫̨
ʿԴĳ֮գǵȴǱ˵ٴͷһŻ
ֱһµӯӰ㽫̨
˼סվǰʿòԶ̫֮ϼ
һ£ȴ޽
ϼѣֱʿǣ֪ҪҵԭΪҸס
Զ¡
ĲҵĸףӪʮʿ˧ҹֵˣ筵Ȼᶨǽ쿴ʲô
ǾҪǵĳǳأռǵļ԰ǻڱʹ֮УǲǴϢʱ䡣ǲǵıʹѹֻҪǵʳ̤Ǵ񡣡
µĽʿͷŵ㽫̨ϸӰ
ңȴֻǴڷδΡ
վ·һԲ¶΢죬ǹĹѵûлֻšŴü筡
еĿⶼһͶ筣ȵġ˵ġ߿ġŭġ
䳡ϣӰδԶȥ
ǰӰȴ·ĳһ̣ǸΰӰȻص
筴Ҹ׵ѪҲǡ
ǻ𣿡
һ̣䳡һ޴ֱߵŭ𣺡ᡢᡢᡣ
ǲᣬᡣ
սĽʿǵѪûи͸ǵǻ⣬ΪǱ𡣡
ᵽսʿвʿĿʼᡣ
Ϊȥǵˡѡͬۡ
͵סнճĵˢһʵ졣
ѩУڰУ˸΢Ĺ
Ҫ̳Ҹ׵־ҽնϱ˵㣬ǵսӴ˲̤߾һҪôӴһƽͣٺ𣬲úҹɱ
ɱ
Ůۣ˻ߺһŭ
ʿһ̣þȫ˻
ɱ
ɱ
ɱ
筵ƣȴŵĵ쳣ֱ˼Ӷ޷εĲ죬ʧ̫ƽ
Ǹصʽϴ
ᰵĶ̫ƽ
һҲſȥ۵Ҳ¶һĲ졣
ʱ㽫̨վŵŮ·վεӰӡ


148 
Ǻ⣿
Ĺ㻹ڷŵ𺳵, ҲǴ̵ˣô꣬㽫̨֪ȥٴΡ
⻹ͷһ, ĵû˵
ڻعŲԾ
̲סٴʵڵ㽫̨ϵǷʲô˼ѲһСﻹ̲ɣ
ǵ㽫̨Ѿǻ
û뵽Ȼ˵һ
Σưˣ㵹˵ѽĹϵã˵Ҳ˵㡣
˿ĵ¶ﻹֵó˼, ش⡣
ܵ﷽˵װ, ֲû
Ĺ¿̲ˣ˵ǲ, ǾӪ, ǴүǴĵطһСôܴھӪûס, ͷ, ˼ȥү
ʵĹ筵Ҳ޶⣬ֻô¶, ͲŮġ
ΣȥȰȰĹ, Ҫȥ筡
ü󽫾Ҫﵥ˵ڹȥ, ʡ
Ĺ, Ҳ
ֻע⵽, ɫ̫ÿ
ΪҲΪżϻȻοΣҲ̫żϻλСԣо̿ɲ棬һö𣿡
̲ס˸ۡ
ǵ

˿̴ڣĿ筵ϣǰѵͱš
֪ɷеһէƽͣȴв
ûԣֱӽг˹ȥ
ŵָȻĸڵϣѳĵʲڣͨںڣһ˿ơ
ֱס͵ذγ֡
ѵ궨ŵУ߶̫ƽ
ᰵ嵶̫ƽ
ΪԼһٿѵ
Ӻδõ˵
Ҵ筵֣׻
筣ƺͼҵ˵ĺۼãǰܵѾô꣬ѵӦ֡
筲̬ȣֻ䵭˵Ļ󽫾Ҳ뽫Ӧһ¡
£
筣ҪӪ
ҪִӪ
ֻ仰̫˿̲δ˵ڡ
ڴµ̬ȣʵ˲£Ҳ筴̫ʯ쾪ԹƱȨŮӣ֮٣Ȱ˵ү֮£㱣ֻ֤Ҫĳһգһү𡣡
󽫾Ļ뿪ǵʱ򣬱㷢ģҪֻʧȥһУɫƽֻأָֻء
ܿ죬λٴαʡ
Ӽ筻Ӫ
һƬĹȻǵһסԣ˵Ҿô²ɣӪӣһСô
֪Ƿ֮ԣ޷Ǿδ⡣
ֱ˵ǽӪκȨһӦʿͬȡ
Ĺ㲻˼ҲУӪӣͷಲĵǣһŮңƼ߷
˭֪⻰ûѵ筣ЦŹĹ㣺ǵĴ£ҲأҼȽ˾Ӫ;ЩСڡǹʵڲţھ˴ಲգһ۾һ£תߡ
㡭Ĺһϴ֣Ȼ˵Զԡ
ֱǣå·å·ߡ
˵Ĺˣ˶𾪵˵
ǿЦ⡣
ЦֲЦ
ĹͷһĽƵϽתͷ
λһƼԼ׷Ʋͷ
Լ
ҪҲѣûҪˡ
筼Ҷ˵⣬ͷãȻλûҲ˵ˡ
ˣ
û
ǲҡ
Ҳ֪Լо̫޳ܣɫ֪ŮӪȷʵð֮踣಻øλӽտʼһΪڣ޷սҲ뿪
⻰ĵ׷׷һ
һΪڡ
ֻҪһ£λǧС㣬ҲǶԵү
û˻ã筻һʲô
*
ǡ
ƽѳϢ¡ۣճգʾ
лΪеˣһֱܾӻ¡
Ȼʦ֮⣬ܼ
ºɽһ֣Ѳǰ۰ϼʢ֦ͷĻѾĲֻ࣬ʣ仹ɢɢĿš
΢Ӣͷס
żһƬ꣬ƮԱߵͤ
վͤڰӵļϣʤѩƽһĨɫ˼ķΧ
ֵ˸ǰں΢¡
ָʹӻŤͷȻǱյл
۵׻һ˿΢
ޱ䣬ָʹɱָ֪ͬԬ˷ҡ
һʱ䣬ϴһ顣
ǻһѵĽȻҲת˵ڣ׼ʥϡ
⼸գѾ˻ʳ־ȫȨ
Ϊʳǣµˣһɳ죬һָʹһɳ죬Ϊ־ͳ졣
رٳ
ڽЩ治ù
ǱǻϵһȻҲģҪҧԼһڡ
ǽһξء
ھĴץˡӡ޼ɵŵ޷Ǿǻϡ
ڻԶ˽ڽ˿Ⱥʱһֱδȷָʹѡ
˵˵ЦˣְǸССĽʹεϵһƺ
Щʱղлü۸䣬׶ûյ¶ȡ
˿ԽλߵĸĪ⡣
ͤڣԨƺɲ⡣
л˵㵱ء
ָʹǿ⣬ȻڽȴҪҧһڡ
ȻֻǸʹι䣬첿Ļʥϣһж¡ۿС
ڻʵҪģ
ҳϡ
ӪˣлͻȻת˸ڷ磬ʵ
֪֮ܲĶԹ뿪ǣһͱлУЩҪλµ
֮壬ʣ¶١
Щɱ
ֵ¶Ŀ²£ֻҲһ
Խ˽λӣԽõսľ
¡Ĳ֮ĵУôµKˣ̲ҲˣһƱֱʡ
ټǶԺʷ
˾С
˶˵ǻص¹󣬸ȴ֪Ҳлˡ
л̫ʲô躹ޡ
ϣ̫췴ʧܣϱۣµļλӽδ򣬱лմȨȨ㳯Ұ֮ʱȻܾӻ¡
ԣ̡̣ľ
ӪҪձȨȴףлңǰ·һǧ֮أһݣͷΣܶñȨ
ڨڨһЦ£ƲǸŮӣ޴Ұġ
⻰лתͷ򸵰֣ͻȻһЦ㲻Ƕ
ǶֻԿѰŮӵ۹ȥ筡
ѲѰŮӡ
Ҧɽ̵Ҧɽδڹ֮Уڣ֮
ҽսֻһ¡ڣл΢Ӹ
վͤ棬лͤ
¾ܿڡ
лΧͻȻ֪Ϊһ壬ָʹ֮ΣԸ£
䷽һ䣬˿ȴǺЩ˵ڡ
΢죬ֻúɡ
ж䣬˭Ȩ
ڸɫú󣬳ְṼ
á
ǰ֮
*
ڶգлڽӵﴫʥּ
ñܾǣʵȴЩͷлءεΪӪ˧֮⣬ս֮ļѡӦþȷ
¡ףŵλ󳼣ʵΪӪ˭˽֣Ϊʡ
΢ΪŽ֮µһˣıԣΪأǼ˧֮ѡ
Ϊ½Ϊʺϡ
λȥȫç֮鳯ҰĹĹ㣬˶ŵ㣬һʱ۲¡
лλϣһԲʱִֵȼ
һģ
ϵԣԽ˼ֿš
ЩΪлܾӻ£ﶼڴԣӵ¾ɼֻʱ޶ˡ
˿̿һ԰ģ˵мˡ
ӤǲʣǾ̫ҽơ¡۹е
ڷѵһС
ˣνŹҲˡ
лףлʵ۵Ĺģĵ΢Ϊ꽫֮µһˣֻӪէʧ˧Ĳȡ
û˵һ
ĵ˵ꡣ
΢Ϊ˷Ҫһλ˧Ӧͳƽ԰ġ
⻰˵ĵͷͬ
׸ͷ͵ƽսɳΪʵҵȳ³֮ģΪʥҪο߾սʿ֮ģӦͳƽˡ
¡Ҳ
ԣȷʵ޵
ҲʹʧһͽʹʵΪ޸ʹͣ
Ϊ»衭
ԱһλҪлȴͻȻ
һݣΪƽϥӣΨŮӦλ
ϥӣҲδӡ
ƽľλδ
¡лӤΪηͣ
лԥ˷ƽѳԶӺݣΪʵΪ塣ϷүΪƽϣ߾ξð̫ƽʢ΢Ϊƽ֣ӦϾ
΢ΪϷΪƽ԰ġ
л˵գڵء
ԶǧҪݣóԸ


149 
ѵ, ׵¡һԲǼλˣΪͬѳ, ֻŮ, ¿
ҲҿλӼǿ, ס, һ˵Ϣ, ǰ߹ء
ȵʶͼͣȷʵֵóޡ
ڳΪ, ˭һ, 
ж̳оλƽ˱㲻֪ںη
ܲŮҲʧһָοӢķʽ
ͬл뷨
Ͼ֮ǰ֮£δִ, ºϺͻ, Ҫʵ, ȴܴɡ
¡ƺϾɰ, ѹ
Գ˵֪֮⣬˶ΪΪ뿪ǡ
Գл飬顣
¡δ̬, ֻڳʱ, л
֪㷽֮飬ʵ񼫡 ¡ɫ, Ȼǲлš
Ȼ¡δɱ, һ, ʼմɡ
лȻ, Ϊһ¡
лδ¶µɫȻ͵ʥϢŭ΢ΪүѳӦˡ
¡ŭϺˣδֻŮһˣϵճŮ󡣡
΢֮ŮһΪ£Ůǰ߹أүӪƽȣʧ˧ʿܲĸĿǰڱ߹أڰģ൳˷˲ϣ˷筣Ի϶ĺ񰮣Կɱպٴ
Ȼ׵¡ۣⷬȻɫƽղŵŭ졣
ʵһֱӪлţǱ߹زȣ󻼡
л֮޵
ݴɣҲǴɡ
˿Ůݲ൳㲻˷ˡ
ǰʵ۾ûɱ筣ˣóȻٶ
ⲻ˵ķ顣
¡۾л飬ȻǽĿǰΣֵư취
л뿪ѵߵ⣬̲סͷһ
ǵհ𰱻̵ĵط
ۿ
հ筿лԼһǡ
۵᲻Ψ⡣
л֪ԼΪ⣬Ըֻ뻤ȫƽ
Ψ¡Էܳ״ʵ۶ɱ⡣
ʵɱ˲ֻǴлн
ȫͨһΪǣκ¡Ϊ˱ȫʼ棬ɽɱˣαװɱΪ
ɼƽʱûٸɡ
Զڱ߹أ㾡УҲҪ
պ¡ּ֮ŮΪٰŮΪƽ
¡ۻѹ筣δֻһˡ
ͬһͷ⡣
˺ͣһ䷢ʢ޻Ӣꡣ
ֻǷگ߹صͬʱ۫лٴβ̫ҽΣ֮Ҫ
һʱ䣬ԭ̫ıг˷֮ϵл
ǱڼС
ԭڳΪλպմȨȨ㳯Ұ
ǱӸˡ
һߣһӽʹּ֮뿪ǣǰ߹ء
δ߹֮ʱѾӺݳǵĽ˺üաԭÿڼˡ
ӺûУ㵽ȥѰ
ɲɣӺݻôһλͱ򸮡
ֻרŸһԺ䣬ÿǰһʱ˲š
Ҳ֪˾ѧʲô
ֶȷа£˳㵽ݷ
ƼǸ⿪ģãһȥ㡣
кηԸֶȷɺ
ЦλĶԼ֪
֪ܲ
Ȼ飬Ҳвزסµģ»ĴС
ԭҪӪ֮£ھʿбֻ
˾ûȮŮӢ۸ﶨȻҲ
վڵ㽫̨˵ĻǴ˲˵ġ
˷
Ҳ˾ãо̲ǶϷŮӪģλŽεεģֻѽղס
ֶȷΪۿ筳ֵˣȻ᲻ֻ
ֻǴ̶ѣս಻Ǵֿɵá
Ȼ׿˵ǲս뿪Ӫ
˵һ֮ڣȥˡ
ҲеҲ
ֶȷɶˡ
һ˵ֶȷɸϽͷȻ˵ģһ֮Լת֪кδ㡣
Ҫ˵أȤһ𣿡筵Ȼ
ֶȷЩ𾪣Ҫʲô
筣սޱȻҪҡ
ֶȷӪ꣬ʢ֣֮ǰڲһսƴʬֻ±˻ὫʬսƷȥ
ȷɣʶǣ֪ƷԺǽѡһˣսôսԸ⽫Լĺ󱳽㡣
Ŀֶֿȷɡ
ֶȷû뵽签Լۡ
һʱЩж
ǾʿȻ֪仰еͳΡ
ﲻֶȷԸ׷档
ļҸ㿴
һȥ鷿
ﱾõ鷿һڣǽϱһĽͼ
ͼ
ͼ鷿ԼɶʧκһƬء
ֱӽֶȷһԵǰ
ҲһŽͼ
ֻǾֲ
ڲأֶȷɿһۣȻֱ˵˳
筴󾪣㿴ͼ
ֶȷҡҡͷδֻǰҲоڲأΪ˵Ǳ̵ģرǰ˼ǰӪפڴ30ĵط
оڲأ͵Ϯ˼ǰӪٴ¶ɫ
ֶȷɵͷȻһЦȻûѡˡ
⻰ֶȷɴ󾪣筣ѵҲͬ뷨
筵ͷ
ĻӦֶȷЩ󾪣Ǵϲ
Ӫ˽òΣҪӱͻƱ֡
ֻǵڲͻʱȴһ·ԡ
Ϊڲأβ죬óȻ룬ʿʧ
ʿأС
ʱ롣
ֶȷɳǰ̽ΣֱֹΪ֮
û뵽ԼѾ׵һߵļƻ˿̾Ȼٴ
һʱ䣬ҵ֪㡣
ֶȷɵ˼ƻѪ˽⡣
ҳӪҵ˽һڲأֶȷص
Ȼȥڲأ
ֶȷԴЩ˼ȻλҵΪ֪νȴҵĸȤң̽ڲء
Ҳǲ֪̽һ֣̽ԭڲأԭǰ¡ǴڲʮգЩطʵӲ˵Ҳڻ¡
ڲأڲԭһ
̾һУţǻˣֻҪأų
ڲԭ˵ţǵһС
ԶƬأԶ֮
ʱҲÿʱÿ̶ڲͣ仯
筵ҵõϣһ¡ɼȷʵԴڲ֣ΪԷһҴһӳȥ̽ڲص
ָָϵĽͼóһƤֽܵһͼǿɹͨ·
ֶȷһ鿴ǰͼ
ŷ֣ܵصϴ֮ǰ̽ĵطЩ
ͼǴӺδ
棬ЦӺδ䲻֪ȴҲԸ㣬ͼܿܳΪǵɱﵡ
̸һȻֶȷɶ筷Ƭصսͼ⿪ġ
ãֻ㣬״ܰ˼
ǰӪֻһˣȴǾ䣬ʤ
佻֣ŻԿ
ǰڲնɱҲ֧ǰӪ
ճսһߵľֶȷжǸɵ
Ű˼ˣΪɫΪ档
ֶȷɲмЩˣŮǰɧұ߾°ӴŮӣر˼رϲŮӣ̶ӣصؽЩ޹Ůӡ
ͻȻ֣ʵ˫Σ
ֶȷɱͻһʣŪࡣ
죺Ů裬ʾˡ
ֶȷɶĥ͸λӡ
ģѫҽĴҹ㣬ʣǲСڣͱȷ˵ղ仰ѰŮ˼ʵĳ
ȴֱף˵˵
˿˵Ŀ統ҪھӪǰ㡣
ĻЦԭҲǸϹŰ塣
Ҳδ⻰˵˫֣ù𣿡
񡣡ֶȷʵ˵
筵̯ڰУϸ۰ףָأ紺ðУ˫ʵǹֺÿ
Ӧó顢١ơ
õ
ֶȷɼõӣӵ飬ɱĮ
ЦʱһֱΪҪһֱѧ䣬һֱ˫֣˵ҵֲô֡òڡ
Ҧɽ겢Ե뷨ֻǲԸڱŮ
ⷴ筵һ
˵˼ϲҵģ𣿡һЦ
ֶȷ𾪣ȴᵽ筵ͼ
˼ϲԡЩòŮ筱ٰ
ٺõ֣һҲᱻ۾
ҡͷͬǧ֮ðա
ݸһЦ˵Ҫɱ˰˼һսǰ˼ͷ
֣˼


150 
ʱֵ, ؿȡ
ͷҵգĿңǧ
ǰһ޼ʵĲݳ, ͷտޱߵ, ĿңԶ, һߡ
һڲԭĴϣ̶ӡ
Ϊϵ, Ǳ뺷ָ׳ĻǣмĴ󳵣װ, ̶ӵ࣬кЩſĻ
ǲͣβ䡣
Ȼڷߡ
ԭ, һԵ۾ۡ
ԭԽ, ŷﲢȫǲݳҲлɳǵɳ
ΪֵĲݳ, Ŵ
οзḻĿأЩ, ʱ޿̲鱦ء
ѾŲԭ˺üգҪǵĵطЩǡ
ԭĮĽӵأһƬɳ, ɺ, 겻ˮ, ݲ, ĿһƬɳ
仹δƬɳأȴѾ߾衣
ֻ棬һҿ㣬֮ǰϵǰˮԴӪ
һֱˮԴӪ
һ˷ۣҪƥϢãñ֤ˮ
ͷģ֮ǰܸϵ𣿡и˵ǵ
ӰѾ϶ܵġҸԡ
һԣ˶˾
̶⣬Ǽ࣬ѵõʱˮȲϡ
Ϊһĳŵ˾ĳ˸裬ĺӣڲԭɳĮ֮ϣѾѧ˸ֳҥ
Ƴ߰ĸֱ
ΨŵһֱĬֱƿƴڳϣһ紵ϵᱡɴ
ɴףȻĮֻһ˫Զ
ֹ˻ߵ˻ȥ
ٴ¡
һǰ·ʱͻȻ쳾
ڱʳֵ˲䣬̶Ļǣ׷׾ԼĵХ̶Ӿ׼Ͷ뵽ս֮ʱ̶ˣҲ׷Լ
ԭ̶ܻӵˣǳڲԭ
Ѿϰս
ֻǺܿ죬ڶԷʱͻȻл־ǱˣãǱ
һѵأ׺͡
Ӽһ˲䣬⡣
̶ӵĻＴҪǮôܱȵԼ
Ƕɾʲôûˡ
쳷ڣ˸ߺ˳Ҳǽ˵˳
¾˶˲ԼĻϽ¶ܡ
Ļã˲ܳȥԶ
ǿЩݳģпܻʹӣֻܲͣĿԼ˫
ɳԽԽڲԭϣ졣
ܿ죬ϵ׼æӴܵȺХڸڴ˿ǵصС
һֱһƥȣŵֱˤ˳ȥ
ϵˣ
û˸һͷΪ˶֪ǵ
һٲ³
Ȼߵֱ࣬Ӱγĵͷһ
ױնϣѪ
ѪɱδֹͣȻڼС
ƿڼݳԸ죬նܡ
Уҵߡƴǰϳ
筻ͷһ
ͼУΪ׵˸ۣһۣŵĽ˿ҫ۹â
ǰ˼
ԶȴǿֱóΡ
رЩҪֱٻڲ԰㣬æ˹ĽȺϵΧȦ
ڳǰͷȺū
ūţһ
Щ˹Ұ߱ɱᡢ̣㡣
˿̵ĲԭϣҲûǰƽͣҵĽк˷ǰİвĵ
ǽеԽЩкԽ˷ܡ
Ƿǰ壬ѪҺ̼ǣǿѪ
Ҫԥˣߡ
ͷһۣڲԥֱӱԭء
ʧȥƥڵϡ
ǰ׼
侲Զ
Х˼ŲԶǼȻΪϳˣӣʹ˵ϡ
Ŀȴ˹Ůϡ
ֻŮһװ磬ںڳ˲ŮķΣϴŽɫΣ쳣
ֻɴ棬סò
һ޶ĺȹɫĲԭϣԵøҫۡ
ͷңǽɫĹк£ϵʱ·Ⱦһ㱡Ρ
㱼䣬Ů
͸ԭ顣
˼Ǻɫ֮ˣɫǰܲģǰ
ɫߴ䣬˲ȵǰ
ãȻ̧ͷΨһ¶ɴ֮˫峺¶һ˿š
˼ϣҪԸŮժɴ
һϲŮҪȻҲἸΣգҲҪ˱߾Ůӡ
˭֪һ紵֮ϵɴ䡣
¶һſŮľס
˼ճյǰףͻȻãЩס
߲檣źŮū
ǲ˭ȲǰŮķֺĺǳ촽ԭĻ䶼ϲϡ
ڵϣȴ͸Ÿ߹
ɽ֮ߵѩʥţңɼԽʥ࣬ȴԽ˹ĶռҪ׵ռΪС
ֿ˿Ѫзڽ޷ѹ֡
˼޲һŴҪ棬Ŀ޺˺Щѡ
뷨ͬһ㣬˼Ѫš
ǰ˼ٲɣֱҪ筱
ȻԼƴȭͷڰ˼ϣ˿ʹһ˿Ȥ
ϲСҰèŮˡ
ֻѱ
ϲӥرˣְҹΪȤ
ΪڰӥʱܵıС
Źң͸һǡôľš
˼Ӵ򽻵Ǳֹ壬ö
ǹ𣺡ӴԺ󣬱ҵŮˡ
ڶԷŵĻĵЦ
ֻǴ˿¶Įһɱ¾Щ˰㣬ʼ
˼һ׽֮
ȦڻС
ϴζǿŻĳ嶯
˼ָΪڣҪ׷Щ˵ֻ˻ԸЩȥ
Щأʿָűץˡ
Źڵϣɪɪˣ̲סڣҪɱǡ
˼˵Ļ¶һĨζЦͷţڲԶˣںЩ˵
Щ˸Щţû
ȴתͷ筣Ϊ㣬ҿԲɱǡ
˵ֿڵĺƺҪ֮Ĺϵ
ֻĵٴЦһ
˼ʿĴȫߣΪ˴ڵǰӪжξ룬սܳʱ֧˵
ϳǰͷһԶȺɽ
ʱķ
ὫѾɹ˼ץߵϢȥ
ҹʱ򣬲ŻصǰӪǴĴӻȻӪʿĻ
ֵʿǰ㣬
ʿᱣ̶ӵİȫ̶ֻӡ
һ̫ˣ˼Ȼֻ˽筹δʲô
ΪбŮڣҲûȥ̽Ϣ
ֻǰ档
һֱϣڵ˰ʱҹ
筺°˼ҹϮԼѶûѵڴ˯ˡ
ɫ΢Ѿӡ
ƿ筼˲侪ѡ
ԷͼһŮŵĽ
һ۶Էٴα۾
Ҫ飬
Ů۾ҲҴţٴ˳
筵˯ˣΪ֪˼Ӧò
˭֪⼸˼Ȼû֡
ü֪ĸڳ⣬˵˼Ѿʶݣ
ֲܣյûá
ǸŮӣ˲Ϣôͨ
Ҳ֪¼ãֻҪ˼
Ȼ֮󣬰˼ˡ
ԭǴȥڲգֻɫЩѿ
һȵ筵񣬼һŮװ磬ǽϸϵŮӢĴ磬Ҳ˼ˬ
ʲô֣˼Ȥʵ
ǰŮܿóӦǳͣһŮӡ
Ϊλ̶һ֣ͬ˼⡣
ֻǣҪŮռΪС
筶ݺݵڡ
˵˼ԽȤһ˫̰ӣ˵Ըң֣һὫ鱦͵㣬һΪԭŮˡ
ŮӣڱֹУǸŮū
ֹ֮໥ͨ飬ҪȢŮӣŷḻױģţ
˼˷ˣȴԸ谮ǰŮӡ
ЦˣȻý鱦պ
浱ûˡ
ɲ˵ǰ˼û⣬ֻ֣ܿŮŶȻǻȹ鱦Σ֬ˮۡ
һŮŵʱԾĵɴ˫ۡ
Ӧʶɣԭĺö
˼Ҳı仯
ģȻոĿ֬
Լû뵽Ŀ֬ȻֹŮӣϲá
ֿЦõĸо
ܿ顣
˼ƺЩģȻ˶顣
筵ȥ˶֪˼̶һɫŮӣʮֳ谮ŮӭȢ
֮ԸΪԼŵԣȻһ֡

֪˽
ӺߣȫرĽˮ
ôܣûڱӪԼˡ
Լ˵İǻ˽
һжռƻڽС
Ȼϵʱ筵Ӫ洫һ΢ҹС
䡣
ٴδ˽
һֱ˿ܣҲԼİţӪһֱϼӿܣһǻ첻
ڣѾ˴Ӫ
ͬӦԭѰһ㲻ע⡣
Ҳû˻뵽ŮȻðôķף뱱ֵǰӪ
筵ĵȴҲڵ˻ᡣ
˼һϲ֣Ȼ⼸δᣬ筵ѽʧٴδӪ뿪ŮԸ
ڴ֣筱Ҫϯ㡣
֪Ļˡ
Ψһ鷳ıǣֶȷĲڣǷȹڲء
ֻҪֶȷܳɹôͻն°˼ͷ­
ΪԼһȵļ졣
ҹ
ǰӪδ밲Ǹʣƻͨ治ʱݺֵ֮
֯һ𣬳ΪҹĻ̼졣
ЩʿﲻסſȴԼͷһ˻ȥ
˴ŷģǿʳ
ֻҪЩײʿ㹻ͣгһգҲǶʣΪϱ
ǴǱҪŮźһֱ筵ŮȻʧ
Ҳǳᣬ˽
ű˵ѣںڵ屾Ŀ
¼Щᡣ
ȴ˲ɣʵֽϵ
˵ǰֽϵѾʲʼԽڲ󡣡
ã뿪ӪʣǰȥѰֽʱһʲǰӪ
ĿᶨһǰӪǡ
˷ɹʡ


151 
ԭ֮, ʡ
ǰӪפĵطԶԶȥĴȼĻѡ, ƬӡȾɳɫ, ܴӸߴȲ, ǺӻҪҫۡ
ҪôһˣȻǰӪ
ǰӪߵڲ, ǲԭ˵Ľ֮أû˸ǰ
ﳣɭžڡ
ԭŷ, ǵĴ˵Уڲأ˼, Ͷˣ˿رû
ÿԭ, Ĵ˵
͵ʿ׽ڲء
ֶȷȴ£ŷ, Ҳں, ֻڲصģǷıͨ
, л, ֻһгĶ, Ȼǰ
ֶȷ, Ķ, нʱȻȫ, һϮս, ıǱǰӪĴֲ
սֱصװѡĶܿнʿ
ǧˡ
һ֣һа֮ǰݵǰУôǱضȡʤ
սƻӪһ뿪أһ
ԭӪֶȷôһëͷСӵͳ˧䷴ԡ
ĹǱס
ģ꼸ֵס
ִӦһλᡣ
ֻسŵֶȷȫȨָӴ˴ս¡
筴˿ѵ˱ֵǰӪֶȷɱսµΨһָӹ١ɰָ֮ܶ䣬ֶȷսǡ
š
෴˷ܣѪҺһӿķڡ
׳ھӪŵĶǹڸǵĴ£ɳսõԼļ԰
ֻǸУξеҲֻ¡
ǵһΣΪı̡
ҪӮͷ̫ǿҡ
ԽǿңԽԼСĽ
²ֶȷɺһԶһ׵ǰߵĸ
ԭһ곤ɿĽ档
ȴٴξֶܾȷ٣Ʊףһλ곤ʿǵ˭ġо̣ɻľ˧
û취ȻԼĶ˽
²ֶȷ곤꣬ʤԸأֶȷ̵Ĵ࣬Ǵεǰ棬Ƴս
Ǹţóܳ䲻⡣
ر֮ǰִӳڲյУʬ
ܲ͸ķأֶȷɸϲ
Ͻ
ì˵սףýΪ޷赲ķء
Ҳ筲˷ԣҲҪѡԭ
ɷϣйֶȷɵһֱԴ࿴ӪĽϣҲֶȷɴ򷨣εж
Ҫһ;ϮսݡضѾٶܡ
ǰӪһ׵Ĵֲ
ǷӦ˺飬Է
ĩڣ²ǰȻĶӣ󣬿˿ûжֶȷɵĲ
ֶȷ˵һװУһҪӵ
ǡ²ԥ
֪ǸߵˣαϮսļƻΪʵ̫
֮ǰֶȷѾϣ˶쵽Լսƻ
սƻֳС顣
ԱϢ©
˭֪ȫˮǲǻбı
ϾУżҹ£ЩֻҪƱ
²뿪ֶȷɼн
*
ǰӪڣ˼ףơ
һŮű¶ȱߣ˳ĸȣżͦظ䵽Ĵȡ
ֻǰ˼Ȼֻ䵭һۡ
趯ĸ輧ɻŤϸͬ
˼δֻ֪ԭˣϲôŮӵ
ڲռϲԭĻ˵ԭĽϵǱ˴δȥ磬ӵдƬḻĿأĽƱ
ֹ壬ʶġ
˼֮һֱųڲգ΢ӣΪҪųڲյĽŲǰǸнϵĵط
輧׺ɫգֱϡϴ壬ɣŤ֫Ʒתʱ˿ЩγӰ
ֻƽգŻþʵ赸˿ڰ˼ЩȻζ
ڷŮٴθͻȻһ߿ȻŭǸŮأ
Ůڵ˵λС˵Լ岻ʣ㽫ơ
ĻҲŮԼġ
ȥʱֻõԷһĹ
Ůȴܲµ˼
˼û뵽签˲ʶ̧٣ԼǰԱ
ΪԼǸŮ
ɲҲãŭҲãȴӲԡ
˼Ͳʲô˾ӡ
֮԰ⳡᣬҪв¶ӵһεȾɫŮӡ
˭֪ȥ뺺ŮȴɲΪֲ
бŮ⹴ûֵúô
в˵ԺŮʵ̫ݣ˵Ӧڴ
ǲԭϵʨӦúŮǲԭʨš
µ׼ŭ˰˼
˵ĶԣѾںŮ˷̫ʱ䡣
Ӧ˺ѣ㲻֪ߵغ
˼ͺ˼ھƣ㿪ʼߡ
ĲһĹЦ
ܿ죬˼筵ӪʣΪŮӣ԰˼סʱرԶ˾Ӫ
Щԭǣ졣
ƼǰŮò˵嶯һеռ
űƿͬʱһɾҹ磬˽
һֱû˯ڴڵױ̨ԣǰ˼صֺġ
ŤͷĮŶԷ
˼ʱҲԼ鲼Ѫ˿֪ǺȾƻΪҲ޷Ƶ
ҹҵŮˡ
˼˹
վѸٶ㿪Ҽ󺰣ɿҡ
˼ΪΪ£Żкô
ԽЦ˫ſҪٴ˹ٺУû˻ġ
ȴûǼױ̨ϵĶӹȥ
Щڰ˼ϣҲһʹ
筽֬ۺӴ򿪣˹ȥ
ۣ֬ȥ㶼㲻
˼۾֬סһǵױŽôˣ
ӹԶ㡣


152 
ױ뿪ʱ, ﺺŮļڼЩױЩոŰ˼Χ̶ӵˡ
Щ˼筣֪һòŮӡ
ʥ߹ɽѩ۵ѩ
ֻʥѩ, ҹҲ޷Ѱ˼ĥ
ڴ, ˼ǰһֱеĺŮЩסܶŮˣҲܶͷβʹࡢеŮӡ
δһ򶨶侲Ůӡ
ļк񲢲ǳڿ־塣
ҪС
˼ľƣȻڲѹоʱ, ơ
ǲԭϵ, ˭ֻ᲻ء
ƽʱеĲԾ, Ǵ˿, ھ˶α签ܾ֮߳ŭ, ֱ
签Ȼû㣬ֱ˼˹, һѽס
̧ͷ, ͻȻ, ¶Цݡ
˼һοЦȻǰ㣬գЦԭϴɽҰչĸɣ, Ľ˲գۡ
һ, ޱͻ
˫΢ſ, һСϸĸ, 
˼Ϊ筣֮伸ûо룬ö룬ں䣬ֱӶ˰˼Ĳϡ
ɿ筣ִϵĸ롣
Ѿµ˿аŵĴö̫䣬ֻװһö룬Դ˿Ѿûô
ʲô˼ŷ֣һֱŮȻԼ
˼ֻòԣһˡ
ĺ筵ļҲ
Ůӵּ͸ȻŭڸסҰ˼ױղűԸߡ
ױЩԶֻԼɻصŮҵļС
筷ױ̨ߣγ̵ͬʱһ߷ڵ͵ơ
ʺڡ
ɱʼˡ
˼ƺҲԼ壬תܣɵӣöԼĸ룬ȻǴž綾
ȻţƾԼȻɱǰŮ
¶ٶȡ
筼ҪܣһЦҲȫȻǸç
ɼڲսǰӪȷʵ˴
ֻǽذܣע޷߳
筵̫ȣ֪ԼӴ򶷣һζ࿹Ȼʧܵ³
׿ʼϰ䣬ṦΡ
书Ψ첻ơ
˲䣬׷˰˼̵֣󱳻һѪڡ
˼ŷٴε͹Ůӡ
ΪԼֻҪܳ񣬾һټױʬΣٲ֮ء
ȴ֣Լܿܲȥ
ҪɱǰˣӳĻᡣ
Ƶĸоƺ˰˼Ĳ䡣
ԭжϳɳĥδսУôһŮӵ
˼䵶ڵϣѾȥҵԼ䵶
ǰ˼ܵһʼӵ䵶ĵط
֪ܲͼնʱŴ˹ȥĶ̵ٴλֱۣþȫֱۣѪڡ
˼һ
ֻһͬʱľȻٴαڸǡ
ʱ˼ףΪδڣһֱڼС
ҪԵģԼ
棬Щױ
ҪױΪ.һֱ֡ļС
ʵȴǣ˿ڱɱˣ
֮һξ룬˫侲ŶԷ˼֪ԼٵģȻ˿ڡ
ڶ˿ڡ
ɻһս֮
ǰ˼ȥԼ䵶˫ںڰУԽ׺ݣǶŮӣͬڰһ塣
ڣ˭Է
ֻŶԷڵĵطһģ
һֹļž˭ҪɱԷȴ˭ûж
ְëȻ
һ̣ȶˡ
ȻǶԷζȴָ˼ΪˣϢԽԽأǹɻɢȥζ
Լζӵ˼¡
Ķ̵գۼ䵽˰˼ǰΰ˼ȴٶܡ
˫ȭ˹
һٶȵľ޴ưȭ磬˹
筵Ķ̵ֱʱļҲ˼ȭͷݺݴأ޴ĳȥײ˺ӡ
ж̵Ҳء
˼еãյҼ
ʱ򴦵ιǣ۵ľû֪ɲʵǾˡ
ְ˰򣬺ܿľʧԽĵʹϮ
ҧץסϵĶ̵ٴǰ
ֻǰ˼ս̫ḻ֮ǰ˶ҪǿʦֺӶǴӲ筶֡
筴ʱŵǶ̵ĳڣҲô⡣
棬ٴ밢˼
ɰ˼ѾԼֳȳƣ筿ߵ筣ٴײӡ
ӱײڵϣ˼ץסᡣ
ֱѹס˫ֺݺסĲӡ
ϸ۵ĲӣеĴУôϸ˰֡
˼ȴһ˿
Ϊ֪ǰŮе
ɱġ
˫ֽս筵ĲӣýߣǰˣǲԭΪߴ׳˶ʿӵޱȿɲ
筼޷ٺϢĸоһƬĴڣΪԡ
оԼǰԽԽڣѾ㹻ڰȴַ·ܵΪڰ֮С
ڽʱԺкȻ˺öˣס𰡢δᰡл
зıþȫƴȥץڲԶĶ̵
.̫ǿҡ

ǧһ䣬о˼壬ͻȻҲ˫Բˡ
ǰֻ룬Ѿ˰˼Ĳ
ֻСĸ룬ž綾ȴվҪʱ䡣ڴжڣ˼һֱ筴򶷣ж֮ˣɻľҶ
ΪҶӿ춾أѪҺѭ
ڶ
˼ҲоԼֲƵͷĿѣǿҵġĸо
ٴ˫˶Էϥ˲䶥ĵط
˼ҽһ
Ƕгʡ
筼ϵĶ̵׼һ˼
˿̵İ˼ڶУȻû˷Ļᡣ
ƫƫڴʱһû°ɣ
ԭױжЩѰǲĵܹѯʡ
˼һ˿âĻᡣ
ðްĵͺ𣬿һ̣һ˫ס졣
Ȼһͳ

˼ɴ۾ͷϵˡ
˿̴ֻˣţǴз
ȻױһٴξԶȥ
筲뿪ĽŲЦһ
ҵĿڼߣѧʱڣģһ˵
ڰ˼ױһֱֻһݵĹ֣ܺЩױǡ
ʱڣ筲ܱ֤Լȫ˼
ֻ̡ܾ
ױֱ治˭˵
Ͼڣֻа˼ˣһ˵ױȻ;ǰ˼˵
ڣֻʣ筺Ͱ˼
˼ǳ࣬٣ֻãȻͷϵŮӣԼΪһƣΪ˹ƶˡ
ѹֲ˵ԭ̫թƻһҪ衣
ֻ沮գӮ̫ΣӪ˧ɱ
̫̫С
ԭо仰Ҳ׹Ŷ̵Ű˼Ĳұ׹֪˭С
Цһ㲻һֱ֪ҽʲôҿԸ㡣
ҽ筡
˼ʱԭѾģʶٴζѣþһ˿˫筡
Ҹ׽Ϊġ
˵䣬筵Ķ̵ٴγ֡
һΣкݺݻ˼Ĳʱһ罦筰һȡ
ŨصѪζڴ
ڵϵİ˼һ˿Ϣ
ҲڵϣĲɻ۵Ϣĸоֱڻδɢȥ
˵Ҫлл˼ҪݺݹסĲӣĺ
ղôͳء
ܿ죬筷Ϊ˷ֹѪζ档
Ѹýױϻû͡۶ڴڣ΢ڸѪζ
ڣֻҪȴͺá
һҵҲֶȷһԴԽڲء
*
ҹɫŨԭ߹ڿе£֪ʱڱΡ
ż˸ױһЦֻýʵͣǰǺŮ캰أԸ
ĻüŮֻѾڽ£˰ɡ
Ϊǰ˼ԸģѰʿ
ƽʱź筵ŮҲֻ⼸ױܿ
ΧѲߵʿûУֻҹĻҲϮΣͬһ˲䣬Ӱӱܳ
һЮһױ˲佫Ʒ
̵ֱӲ˺Էһ˿
ڴ񣬿żƺ
ҲǰҿڼߣѧϰڼյĿġ
ļƻУɱ˼֮Ϊ˷ֹ˻޶Ӧ֮ڣŮ֮µΪһ
ױĳ֣ԿڼɻȥҲš
һ˴һȻԵһ⡮.Ϸ롣
ֻݵһ룬ͻȻƿһǡ
һӰ
筱ŵúֱֹͣ˼ѸٻָԷǰ˼ˡ
ǰ˼ױô
˭
ڶԷһŲȵϰ˼ʬ壬筸оӰĳٶۣ˵ʱʱ죬Ŷ̵ֱ˹ȥ
ԷƺҲоˣֻ䵽˹ӰʱͻȻջϵľ
һ˳ץļ򣬵筡
˼͡
䣬ֻһ˽
筡
ǸӦǧɽ֮⣬ھعڣڻԭĮ
ǽߡ
类Ѱ㣬ٴλӵƭҡ
·𲢲ԸţҲš
ǺڰУǸϤٴγƺڰĶϡ
筣ˡ
筵Ķ̵أףⲻе
ǰˣҲˡ
лˡ


153 
һƬĴ, У̱ǵζ͵ѪζϳɹŹֵζ, ζ֮УйϤůϢ
лζ
˼ס, ֲţǵ˹
ֱ, ֽƿ
лһ, ˫ȴʼնӰڰ֮Уܿ˴˵ģΨϢڽ
Ȼ˷ֱֻж̶һ, ȴ
筵ʱ뿪һ, ·ն֮
ƫƫлȴ֡
ңǧɽˮ, ɽ룬ҲҪҵС
ˡ
ô
վ筻̲ס, ѯʳڡ
л󣺡˵ġ
ҺվҪߵ, һ·筺ԥ˵
ԺУٴյĳ
Ƭ̵鱻顣
л򴽣˵ٴδһҹС
ױˣһͬ뿪, л˵
ȴҡͷ, ֶȷڴҹڲ, ġ
Ѿնɱ˼
ǰӪʧ˧, Ⱥ, ǿԴǵĺûᡣ
ֶ֪ȷӦϣ뿪лȰ
ӵ֪筹뱱ǰӪʼлûһ̣
֪书ѰŮӡ
ؼʱ̣ҲܱԼ
һ뵽һĿԣĻѡ
⼸Žˣ;ϮαװǰӪ¶ޡ֮ǰһֱδҵ筱ϾӪϵ񣬳ɰǧ֮ࡣ
òȷ֮Ǳ롣
ڸղţƿţŵǹŨŵ΢Ѫζ
Щһ˲ͣ͡
ѸںڰУȻȴϳΡ
˿ȷİΣ֮лλ
ҲҲ룬ӵ£ûǵĻսƻҲͳ˧Ӧңǵ޷ҵָӣ뿪ˣӦ㡣
侲
˿̵ŮһǻѪϾ游ԩ
Ϊһͳ˧ҪĲ£̤ƽͼɽӹˡ
ҲǸ飬ֻһӵŮ
筡
ǽձϮսǰ˧
áлһͬ⡣
ΪȰ˵Լȴ׽ܡ
лŵĻҲ˵
׿ɹִΪǸҪŮ
ʵܹǱǰӪһ֮ɱ˼˵Ϊһ˧
ĵǸ΢
һʱ䣬֪˵ʲô
ٴĬֱлʣҷŽж˼Ѿɱ𣿡
ôã˼ûɼѾ͸ˡ
ǷǸ
գգ۾֪ʶлʵһԵݡ

ǰԴǣһӢ۷緶
һ̣ռͷ
ȻܸлʵѵҪ˵һˣڱݰ˼ˡ.衯Լģ
ԶԣϻһҲԼѵ˵ǡ
Ĭǽ
Ĭ
лƺҲʶʲôĵģûȥ
ʣ筸ǲ֪ĵЩʲô
צġ
еɸǾȡ
Ǹڼ߰ʦѧʱûʲôߵģѧѧ
ƫƫлײ·Լʲôù顣

筲δϣܿ顣
֪ʲôʱֻԼĪţӦÿ쵽ʱˡ
ռƻֶȷɴӦÿ쵽ˡ
*
ٽʱǰӪڴ󲿷ʿѾ˯£ΨѲʿڽӣвԶڣѾݺҲͣЪ
ͷһƬīɫŨ֮⣬ڵ
Ψвԭϵķ磬Ӱڡ
ֻͻȻ䣬ԭƽĲԭϣ滺𶯣ƶĺȻǴ̤
˿վڲtϻ˯ʿƺоµ𶯡
תͷȻԶһƵúӰצ˶
ʲôʱ˾ֵĵɴ۾
һХվڲtϵʿһ
ԵıʵǾˡ
Ҳʿڷ˲Ծ
ϮϮԭ˴ˣЩ׼Ϯ
˲䣬Ӫ򣬼
ԭڳеıʿôû뵽ԼȻ˼ſڣǲ˱֮
һʱ䣬Ӫڷзӯ졣
˻ڴ£ԼıƿʣãȻ޴롣
һֱ˲ϲԭΪǵڲԭϣ籱սǸóǴ򹥷ս
ǰӪ˧սӪ·Ǵˡ
أײҳء
ЩǰӪʿÿÿʱǵų򡢵С
˭û뵽Щų򡢵СȻҹϮǰӪ
ν䲻⹥䲻
ڱʿҴʱսȴѾʼ
ͩ͵޲һֱʱǿգʴ䣬ڱ˵Ӫϡ
񱾾ȼټͩ
һ˲䣬ʮڻĹ£ȼ
Щûüܳʿ̱ɡ
ĻñʿǸ֣ɼڲԭҹĴ£
սʿδüӦԣ㱻ڵϡ
ЩƥӪڿҴܣûͷӬһʱֲ̤ʿЩ˸𵶣ûüսȻ
бֽ֣ǷĺǳԼʿ侲
Ѹ
ӭС
ֶȷɵָѾһһΪɫ̫ʿǿ죬ֶȷ죬ԹΪ
˱ɱ
ͬһֱ˱ʿ
ԭӦð͵Ĳԭҹ˿̺ɱǵأ棬īɫʵǻԭƲɵ
ǰӪӪʱϰ߽Ӫĺܽ
˭֪ҹǴĶ磬ԭֻʮ
ǴԽԽȻֵڳڻƣ᳤磬еȼҺ಻һʱΧ¶ȶ
ԭִӪΧлǴæӭս
ҲԽ£Ĳס
ǽүڰӣ𹥣ñʿԼĴӪ˳
ǳλδɣѾɢ
Ҫӭսʱٴα任
΢ˣġٴ׼Ϯ
Ǵ˷ҹϮûκδʳֻЯЩǲҪ䣬˷սǰ˶μһͷ
ҪΪ򽫾
Ҫ̤ƽǰӪɢѹͷһӪٹ⡣
ҪӮ
ٴսʿٴγ棬ںؼױ棬ؼףͻȷ
Ȼôһ˵ӺͲѸٱָ
ǱǲִӭսɢԷ׼֮ϵõټֶȷȻǵһΪ˧սϳжȣ׼ܹ˲ǡ
Ϊһ˧þ߱
ֻЩУž߱Ĳܡ
ƺ˧š
ֵµʿнֹһȣεֵ
溰ɱ죬Ұ˼
ϧ翹ıʿ֪ǵ˧Ѿ˵˵ĵ¡
ʱѾվϵһزϸϣݸлΪ˷ֹʿǻ뱱ִӪˣֶȷֱ첼Ϊ־ֻҪֱź첼ʿ㲻˺
лѸٽӹ첼ϵԼֱۡ
Ȼ˰˼䵶ݸл㻹ðһ¡
ԴȻ
лӹ䡣
һͷ­ڵϣлͷϵĳã֡
֪Ҫͷ­⣬衣
Ҫ߽ⱱʿ־
˧ǶһʿĴ
ӪܵģҲҪñ˳ζ
£Ѹ߳Ӫʡ
Ѿţԭֻǻǰ߾ǶǸֵˣĹ
û뵽ԼȻִӪһˡ
ЩѾĦȭƣǳӣս
ƽڴɵĶǼѲ顢Ĳ£ڶ׼ĶԼˡ
һΣڵӪлԽڶ׼Щˡ
˭ֲѪڵĴжء
ãлͬ⣬Ϊϴű˵·ЩˣҪֱϰ۵ĺ첼
˵ͷǡ
׼ֶȷɻϡ
һӰȻһƬУٴγ˹
Ӱǰ

ֶȷɵĴϣǻ筵ģ筵Ķ̫ƽҲ˻
ǵ˸ǰվŵˡ
۾ΪԼˡ
Χ죬ѾǰһƬڵģ뿴ܿ
ӡԾ
лһۣΪ򶨣ǻ֪
Ҳ֪˵֪筣Ե˼
仰Ȧ
޳Ͻ˵Ȱѵң뱧ӿޣҲõӮⳡ̡
ѵ
ٲ壬ӭͷһǿǳҪȥϢ
ٲԥᵶɱ˶Է
˷׷ֱս
һ񱼣ڻпʸ֮Ҫؼˡ
ϵĺ»ŮͷΣ˱ˣȴһ鼫۵ĺ첼
ĺϣͬ۰첼
Ůｻս˫ǰеĸֵ䣬϶Էĺ
̫ƽɳֵϵѪڹ
ͷҡͻȻ
лû˿ԥ˼Դ˹
ֻ筺޾ɫкڷŭ˼ѱնɱֱذܡ
ʿ仰׷׳
ԽˣԽܿ
ΧѾս˼ǿͷ۾ŭţ·Ŀ
˼ˡ
仰糱ˮ㣬һȦһȦɢ
ԭڸ翹ıʿҲһ˿ã
սˣǸô죿
ʿҲͻϢ𾪣ȻعУŭɱ
筸߾ͷ­ŭʿǣΪ˴գɱ
Ϊɱ
ΪĽʿɱ
дʿߺ֣ŭǵأɽӣ˵ĺɱѸһܹɽӵɱ
ҽնϱ˵㣬ǵսӴ˲̤߾һ
һȣٴγС
ΪŮӣȴӲηɳҪٴμ̳иԸЩѾص飬ܹհϢ
лʼոߣĳͬ硣
ʯܸϱʿĺ
̧ͷǰɱеŮͻȻһЦ
һܰĹ
޺
ɫ΢
س¥ϵʿѾʼֻһֱӰվڳ¥ǰ
Ѿվһҹ
֪ԼľǷȷ
ֻܵȴ
ֱͻȻԶһֺ¡ֱǰĳʿС
ʿĻûȴ̧ס
¥ϵԶĺӰ
һ֧ӡ
˿̴ƶӿ죬ľ֮죬ܹ˺һеơ
һ֧Ѫľӡ
ֱǰУһӭչ
ҫ۵ĳɫƺҪҪȼ
筡
Ҳ
ǻˣϲ
ڴ󲿶ӵʱһгȵ˳ţϣų¥ߺҹ򽫾նɱ˼ǰǴƱǰӪ
ֻ˺ѹֵʣ󱩺ǵǴݡ
¥ϵʿҲ޴ĿϲУűŭ
ݣ
ݣ
ϣſʱͷų¥ϣվˡ
ģ
㱼䣬·𿴼ǡ


154 
ǰӪ, Ǳӵĵһߡ
ҲǳڲΪҪһ
ȴֶȷָӵıϮսУһͿأȻҲ˲ٲб, Ǹ֮ǰڵǰӪʵ֮
ܿ죬ݵϢ, ӪѸٴӺݳڡ
Դȥشܣʿڲ, սǰͷͷѹһɢȥ
̫ãӮζ
ɢȥʿһԼĽ
Դˣӭ筺ֶȷɡ
ܿ죬վ, ӪڵƷĽ, 
ǱͷĴһ, ǸڲñҲû, ҪȻҲӪڴľ档
, ֵǰӪȻ֮һˡ
ֶȷӪ, Ψһ֮ǰӳڲʬвٽע⵽ʮꡣ
, ˵ʵ߹֮ǰ, ˶˽⡣
Ҳ˵, ԡ
֮ǰźүԩϴˢһ֮
Ҳв˲ţ¶ǿ̸
һŮӣеɫ뱱ǰӪȻֱնɱ˼Ӫٽ밢˼ֱ֣俴ƴȴֻǸç
ʵôɱ˼ģ
գ۾õ
˻ΪǹⶺȤʱڣôЦ
ֻԼ֪ʵеݣѲҪ˵Լƾݼɱ˶Է
ĹĹʵõ˰˼ͷΪβ˵Դڳ¥ϣա
ڹĹ仰вͬ
˸˵ЩˣֱҰҼٱʿɱʱϲʿԴսƷ
⻰ôգ
Ƕڱ߹սʱˣβ˽Щϰԣױ̣رϲɱӡ
Ӻݳصǰ棬û⵽ǡ
ٽĶݻݣй˹ڵʷ
Щ֪Լ޷ǳأɴ೹׻ٵߵķӡȫջ٣ܴߵĽƱա
ǻеʳԲԼ衣
ҲǱ߾գЩʹԭ
ԭ̻ܽſԼ˫֣ȡĸ㰲Щ壬ˮӣųϳŷǿʳ
ûǿǱԺԥ衢ӡ¾
筳λĵ׵ķŭֻ뱱˲ͬܵĽ̻ǰܾ֮൱ϡ
֮ն°˼ͷ­ֻΪ˾߽ⱱʿʿΪˡ
ĻĬĵͷ
Ƕǽʿսɳ¡
ÿ˶ϣԼܹʬˣҲƱᡣ
*
˿̣ǰӪӪ֮أѾһƬԫ
ԭʿסѾյ䣬»˼ҲŨѬ˺ɫԭģ
ȷӳ֮бʿʼߡ
Զһж㱼ڣ޳ϵУƺ޲ϵ
ڣ˸ǰʱ˿Ӫģ
סˡ
ЩȫǰӪǰո뿪뿪ʱﻹһǿ׳ʱܹء
ڣһжˡ
ǰĲԭѾճһƬڣϱʬ塣ŨصĽζѪŻ
峿ɫҫڲݵϣȴɢͷĿ־塣
˼䡣
ڵ
֧ϵУΪ׵˲ǰűֹܴĻѣŨܳɷ裬ɢڼϣŨüīۣӥǱҲǿĳ࣬ȴΪı飬˿𺡣
ڴɨսǰӪʿڿʱͨ
ֻϣûнٺңĿ־塣
ֱһڻҵʿ˳Ļγ䵶ڿԷģͬʱڿС
ӣӣ˹ڵϣǰʹޡ
ԭ˿̸ˣǱĳڲգҲӡ
˰Ϊ챱ʿսʤ˲һӪ
նɱǵ˧
˺޵޲⣬ƤΪ챱ʿһһεŴı߾ñ߹ذʱʱ̿ڱĿ־֮С
ڲɫĮ̧ǰӪĲ״۵ס
˼أʵ
ֻĮ֮£Ǻɸ໹Ǳʹû˸Ҳ²⡣
˱ǰ˼ߵĻӹһ٣ڲѯʣ˵ūԼѽһԡ
ڲϣӸµȥ
ܿųڲһˣǰð˼ĵط
ûãͼһƬδջٵĲݵء
ܶʿ壬
˼ʬм䣬滹һ鲼ǻòҵġ
ڲڷ˹ȥײ
˼ģʱüͷĸ
⾿ô£ԣ˴ãͱնɱ
ڲ밢˼һͬ꣬ĸݱ΢ɺĸǿӣᲢۡ
ǿ󣬴ϻ۲ʶе߶޹
ػִһ
˼ʱ۷һ׷ڲʼǰ˼ֵµı
ǴһܳӣһǼСĶӣȴսΪԭ˭ҺӵĴ
˽Ⱒ˼ʵ֪ᱻɱ
֮ǰնɱǰ㡣
˵ɳϱնɱڴڱ˺ġ
ڲü΢̧¶ȵı飬һʼ²⵽顣
ǻ˼ȥɱ̶ӣȴץһŮӡ
ǸŮɣΪ䱦µǵŮӴһ
ǸŮӶǸϸնɱ˽޺
ڲţȴȻŭˣ˼ǲԭսʿױһŮɱ
ҡͷ˵ӣ֪ǸŮ俴òǲԭϵĽ
˶£ͻȻ뵽˵ǽ⧲Ķߡ
Һܶ˶Ű˼ͷ­ԽһǱɱ˵ġ
ڲȻţԼĻʿǰѯʡ
û뵽˶ᵽ˼ĺŮӡ
ճ磬ѰʿĶ֡
ǰӪһͳڲյϣû뵽ȻһصĺŮӡ
Ҵ˾ȻܿǴ
һò
뵽һ£æӣڴӳʱŮӰѰ˼ͷ­˻˵Űʬһ仰Ҫӡ
ڲʱȻЦȤкλҪң
ȴһ˵ģǳڲյ㾡˵Ҳ㡣
˵һɱӡ
˻һΧһƬž
ڲյĽţ˸˵죬˵ⱵĻ
ֻϧ筲ڳҪȻϧԼĺݻȻ
˿δչʱľ衣
ʱ˵Ļǣ
߳ڲգϴɾһȡġ


155 
ڵɢ˲, 㲻ڵʱʥǰҪʥּҪ
һ, ʵ벻ϻʵۻʲôʥּԼ
ѵǵûɱԼ, ˣ
òǧ˴ʥּɡ
筱ԼĵͷЦ, ֻߣǴʥּҲ׸
˱ɱȥ
, ش洦
ʵּ֮˿˵, ʲôּ⡣
Ҳ֪ﲻ, ˸ҽּﻹջȥּϾǴӾǰ˰Ӽġ˵
ּ֮, ںδʵ
ѰӺݳס, ǻУȺ
ʹ䣬Ժгһͷ
òᣬлǴּ˰ɣ
Ļ, 筵ЩףΪͻȻ
ֻȨ, ھ˳, Ȩ, ̵ܵı߹֮, 
һͬ˴, ֻһ, ͿһվڲԶ
Ϊ֮ˣδ
ǼʶǰּĽ
λˣôͻȻ˴ǰлΪá
ӪǱ߹رפأǽҲûʸ̤롣
ֻϸ˿ԷǲδŽķһ˴磬ϸǳѪǴɳջ
ȵȣһǵ֮Уôװġ
ԺһһȴôͲ壬ǰ״
ͷЩѵҲһɱ˱ǰӪ
ʲôʱǵģ
󽫾ҵȷǰʥּӪڽּվлĽǧɽǰ˵
Ŀȴɽˣսʱûдˡ
ҴòѰ
ƫƫּȴǧ
˵ݾԲ򵥡
ע⵽һֱڹ۲лֿʼɣѵл˷΢ǰ
Ͼ¶ǵһˡ
뵽̲סڵ󽫾Ȼǻϵּ⣬ǻȽּɡ
걻һѣҲ˲׷ʡ
筳ûߵлߣѹס꣬ûɡ
ΪҪлЩ⣬еЦ筡
筵ɴ۾ֱǿʲô
ѹô㻹ʶƣ
Ƴлһۣں΢תͻȻѲβ΢ǺðɣͰ󽫾л۫ӵ¡
ƣҪȥꡣ
˭֪лȴץסֱۣסĴ
⣬筴ʧɫ̧žҪȥ
˭֪Ȼıӵ뿸ڼϣֱĴʡڿһˡ
筸ղ治˿ˣӰ
ᵶĽ
筵Ľϡ
һƼʹƺԭҵŵĽţͻȻͣ
ǡ
û
ԼһļٴϮ
筱ʱû˷ŵ棬Ͱͣ΢Ŵ
ôˣлĲԾ
۾䣬л΢¶Ц⣺ҵĵѺˣõġ
仰筺ͷԽЩʡ
ʱ䣬Ļ
𰣬ѲƸտʼǰ˺ѷΣǶ˵ۺʱ𣬶޷ͻ
֮лڡ
ȴԥ㲻Ҫᰢ𰡣
л۵в̣ȴǿ˵ԹҺңҺԹԡǰ筣ܲܲҪƿҡ
ȴתͷӦô㣬㣬ұ˰𰣬ж
лΪ˾ðԸġ
ӿֶıʹл֪²һʱһ̣ܻ⡣
ǰ˵ҪߵĲһ·л
Σٴ𣺡Ҫ㣬Ҫߵ·ҵĵ
֪ҪʲôҪףҪǸڵλϵˣۡ
筺޲˫סԼĶ䣬ˣԶ֪ںδ
ƫƫȴ֪˵ÿһ仰ġ
Ϊδƭ
ѾףŪĸ֡
أȻֱ
ô˵ллһ֮ˣҪУ߸Ѿ͸˵ĳء
ѾȨ֣Ϊ۫ӣȴ˾֡
£˭Ҫɫ¡
ԼѰһ
лȴηо̹
Ҫģǵ߸£㡣
*
ֱԺɻڻصǾ治֮
Դ֮죬ҵЩ֡
ֱܹѰСϾҪּˣǸϽȥɡ
ȻǱ߹أǽּҲС¶˺޲ԡ¡
筣ûüȥϴ£ɴഩһѪͳкڻҵѣ͸һּˡ
ɽͷһʥּȴҲƽȡ
˹ڵϣǰɽһһ۵ʥּݡ
ƽմŮ筣ϻݣޥģԳɣά뷷һȿųƽΩԸ̳и־
滹гһΣǱΪ֮ʹ͡
ȴ˼㱣˳֮УһͷƷζز
ʥּǺ⣿
ʵۼʱûɱҲͻΪξȻҪôһʥּȻҪΪƽ
ƽƽ
ȻķţȷʵǼ̳˵
ٹ⣬ϻʵ۾Ȼûи㣬ϾҵճֻǵһðС㡣
ɽʥּǰּ
筹ǰ棬û˿Ҫ˼
ɽź䣬ɺ޷Ӧ
ŵӪǣЩʲô˼
ǲּ
˵Իĳƽ֮λʲô
üͷĵͷֱиӰߵǰ
ԭлֱùɽеʥּߵ筸ǰ˫ַ𣬵ӽտʼǳƽ
еʥּȴֻɽʶҲԸ
Ҫϻʵ۵ʹͣҲҪʲӵĳƽ
Ҫʵ룬ýʥּл·ںĽ֡
筻˵ȴҲ֪Ҫ˵Ļʵڴ治ڴ˴֮ڿڡ
סʥּ
ּĽʿҲһ
ǵƽ
գӪʧȥǵĳƽȴӭһλƽ
뿪žʥּʵʥּô£ʵöԲңԲҵ÷Ҵ㡣ʲô
⿤֮λ֮͵ĶôԸ㡣
лƽѳ൨ģؿɼԻϴ˷㣬Ҳͬ˴ǿ֮𡣡
Щɵۡ
䲻ϡλȴҲ֪֮λ˻֮⣬ʵ׵á
ճȻΪ˫
筳ɣϻʵĲˣģ
ȷʵûôģֻҸԣǲĻ൳µĿԣлɫȻ
Цұ֪ûģĵʲô൳ӦɱҡʲôʵķңϾ£ҡ
Ѫ˻ǳڶᰵ塣
ȴٰˡ
筣ҳ²ߣҪ൳෴ֻΪܹƿӪǻʵ׷ĿƱȨ˳˸ҵ
֮Ҫʲô˭ܵء
סл˼
ڸԼҪܷԭֻҪúݡ
ӪȻȥԼ顣
Ҳã˵Ҳա
ֻҪ㶼Ծȥ
筲̾޳ܣˡ


156 
Ӫⳡ, ܿ㱻˰Ｑ͵˾ǡ
¡էŴϢʱЦ, ˭֪, ϸһ, ɫȴǲ̫á
ڻųسڸļλ, ׷
ôӮ, ϻ⸱顣
ֱ¡۽ݸ׵һλĹ˵ϣ
, ˫ֽӹ, , ȻҲէȻɫ
⡭һ˿ŵĵͺ
Ϊ˸϶ɫ
ǵԽȡ
³ʸϣ¡۵ûҴ, ֱ˾
գŷֺδԾ
˴αϮҹս, ֶȷɹָͬӡ
ҲͰ, ƫƫλ筵ĹǻǰոմͷΪƽ
ŻŮ, 
Ӫһ, 뱱ֵսۣǻʤ
ǰش, ڴ˵ʧʿ, ǱҲδúô, ͬҵʿ
˿ںԶʤڱ, ӪʧʿӱԱ䡣
Ǳ˿ڻڴˣһʧȥ׳ꡣ
˵˽֮¡
ҲΪΣǱӮˣȴûںʱ߾
ΪͬҪϢ
սɳ󣬳޲ڵģӪʧ˧޷ֵ˵㣬ԭٴӭ˵ԡ
û뵽ͻһʤеǺ͵ǡ
ֻŮӴ̣ʵǺ
ŮҲָ
ϣ˵˴δʤʵܿɹ󣬿ҳŮΪŮӴ̣ð֮踣ͷһ˵
һԵһۣŮӴ̣ôð֮ˣѵʤǴˣ
⻹ǱأΪ֮ظǻһ顣
Ϊɿ˵ʹ֮£η⣬ָͣȫȻûɲġ
Ǳ֮ףѾƱȨȴҲһߵ
ʵ֮˵սҲΪۣζԴ筡
ǼӪ̲ϣݡ
ʲʤ̣ʵȴͻȻּ룬Ӫʿ
ⳡҹϮսУӲ״ݻ˱ǰӪ筸ǹӪնɱн˼Ӧͷ
˵۲ݣǻʵԼͷ۲ѡ
ֻͷ֮Щ
Ůӣȴ˹£ɳϸǳ졢侲³çˡ
ĪǣǼѧԨԴ
ǰ¡лɻѾȷ
ֻҲûлᣬȥҲ޷˵ΪҪô
һֱĵһ̾ȻҲЩ㯡
*
Ӻݳڵգƺһɳ
ԭٰգ壬Ѿ㱳磬ǰ𴦡
ǱǰӪٵϢ˾ͬʱڴ̽˷ս¾λָӵġ
߹ǰߣ궼ڴ̣˼ûҲھƹݡ¥ָ㽭ɽġ佫
һᵽս£ĭɣ֣ҲûսҪȻѱЩӸ˵
ѵ壬ЩһֱפأûӺݳǡ
˷һŮװ׿
ȻТڣȴδػֻѡϼЩ
Ӻݳ۷ȻȲϾǣǱȲĸ֮ء
ֻӺ߹֮أǽģһֺˬķ緶·СߺȵҪϲ١
筴һ·ȥȥ֬ˮӡ
λϰ̴棬ż˵һ筣۾ֱˣ̾Ҳϴ档ȴδģģǴӽ֮İɡ
ϰﵹǺЦ
Ц˵Ӻǿຮ֮أɳĹﳤ紵ɹˮ۵ƤӡģһǽϺͷϸġ
Ȼ֪˶࣬ȴǱЦˡ
ֱʵϰϱĺö
Źʶмң⼸öƽǲóģǳļλ̫̫ˣҲŻһۡ
أ쵽˺᷿
óһµĺӣ֮ŷ֣Ȼǿ֬
ոƳһ紺ϵС
ھǣֻѾʱˡ
ϧӺʵƫԶĿ֬ܵ˴û˻ƽǲǹʱ򵽱׬
ʱˣҲټϷֱӽһöӡó
ЩֵĽӹɫ筸񣺡
ض񡣡
ʵЩ̲ס筼ۣҲԼæ񣬻ﺣ
ܿعǲóƺˣӦǿ
Ӻα˵ӺݳǵļǼ㣬ЦЦֻû뵽ӾȻܽ֡
ʧɫҪ
ȴûȥڵϡ
˵Ҳڣİæ׻뱱ǰӪλϣӸµŶԷ
ԭ֮ǰ筸Ǹ̶ӣǽİ
̶ӵϢҲ֮ͨڣ˰˼ĶС
ҪȻԭô̶ӣʤ
˼ñǰӪ˧뿪ǰӪֻΪһ̶֧ͨӡֻûٿʣð˼˼
Ҳ˰˼筵
Ȼﲢ֪ƻֻ֪Ҫ¡
ŻȻ̧ͷ˵ԭΪ̶˵ˣŻҹ⴫Ϣ˼û뵽⾹ǿļƻ
԰˼ǿɱϢͨ
ҪȻ筱ΪϢ֪
筲֪ϸڣֻ˵Ҫ֪ڳڲյϢ֪뱱ЩǮȻ׬ȴҲ֡
ŮӣȴӲԼݡǴ뱱ҲֻȲüδһ˿һڴ顣
΢̧°ͣոȻġ
ԭ筴Ӵո֬ӿʼڴ֯һϢ˵Ůǹ룬ǲʲô֪
Ͼܹõո֬ŮӣǷǸ
ЩŮӵĸסֵܡɷ򣬻Ƿ࣬Ϊף㶼ЩŮЩܱȽϵġ
ռϢȻǷ㡣
صڸһˣǴṩЧոõࡢ˵Ļ
ΪҦźóףϺĲƷոС
ԭֻɢϢ磬ԽԽܡ
ÿ£಻Ϣߡ
Ѿע⵽ܾãÿոĽ󣬿ڵӺݳǣǸ߹֮ǣ
ڱǰӪڣ˼ΪֵĻġ
˲鱦Ρ֬ˮۣоȻոĿ֬
֪ոδйңڸ⡣
ǰڱǰӪڣǻ֮Ĵ¡
Ϊ˱ոļٻʢУ筲ȡ˴ƶȣÿѡһʵΪǿˣΪϻˡ
ֻҪ˽һǮԳΪ˵Ψһո̡֬
ȻǮǲСĿ
ΪոĿ֬Ҳ
ÿǳصʸʱǿ˾
۸ߵá
ҲΪڶʱڣ۴ԭ
ڴõ֮֬ԼǷָԤ
ֻҪԷܹ֤ڵزոļٻһֱ﷢ˡ
ַʽڴؿӡ
Ͼӵĳɱ߲˵ùӶһɿʵƹͻơ
ӣҦġ
筶òҦˣֱļ̡
ˣӺݳǵո̣Ӻ򵽵ո֬ǴԱֳֵո֬Ҳ
筵޶У˭ϲ׬
֬ˮȶ漰ܣ˱ˡ
ڳڲգ˽٣ʵ
ЩԾʵ˵뱱ЩȴδӴڲգ˺үǴյУ˵ö֮
ֻ˵˵֪ıС
ʵԼ֪ģ˵˳
ֻ֮ǵ˵ͷ
Ȼһֱǣ˿ϳĬãջʳ˿ڡ
лϵġǣ˿֮һֱǣҵġ
Ϊ֮Ǩŭ
ûлˣ筲ȥ
ֻǱԵ̬ȣ˭֪꣬ȴû˵
筿ֹģĵײһ˿ϣ
ô۫үȻʦͨͬӣȥѰǣ˿䣬ǋSѾʧʷĳӡ
һɢһʧѰ顣
ʱ̫£һС
ڻԭĮ֮ϣSС壬۾ɢɢѰ顣
֪ǣ˿һ涾һΪSĲƣ֪ΪҪѰϸãС˵
û뵽ȻĶ
¶жϲı飬æʵЋS䣿
ͻȻЦһҲ˵ѣ˵S屾С壬Ѿʮ궼û˵Ϣǳ˰ɡ
ԭĵϣʱȴֱȻơ
һŲȿյʧУ޷ͻ
仯֮ޣҲǲ⾪ȣʣΪҪҋS壿
ᵽǣ˿ֵѵʶˡǣ˿֮
šû˵ǶҼҪˡ
ҪʤԼ
Ϊ֮£Թȴ޷ֹԼȥ
Լ¼һ̵ĻϲȸԾ
ԽˮǧɽǰѰ
ĵϲ


157 
筲δõԼҪ, ﵹǰοģ˵SѾûϢҲֻЋSŶýⶾ֮һ, Ҳ֪ء
лл, ˿ο΢΢չա
ڽϺҹ, ׿, Ҳҿڡ
ֱһ߰Ľ
ˣ˿
̧ȥֱֻһС, ͭףǰһС̯ӣСۼΧ
ֻϧֵ˵ȴ޼
߹ȥС, ҲûʲôƷȴƾһ˫, ƳȲȻֻˡ
Сʹ, кλС㣬СĴ꣬˵, ǿӺݳһ, ֻܿ, ֻ벻, û˵ġ
ţƤҪ, ɷЦ
С̯ϰŵ, ѰͼϻӡӣҲֵ㴵ꡣ
ɲʱԱͻȻһ𣺡λģһɡ
Դ㵣תͷȥ
ͼտ۵лվ࣬һɴʵᱡ磬ˡ
ӡһԾϲ
̲סң
λģ⶧Ӿ͹ˡлͳһöСӣС۾էȻ
ԭĵ׻ûգԾԾԡ
תҪߣȴлһס󣬵˵ǳй䣬αҪ
˭ˡֹ
£ûٷƢŤҪߡ
վԭأ˫ֻǰĬ
СҪߣϽ𰾳˿ʯϿʼֻȻɫ˿ͭﱻϸ˿΢˿īʯϾȻһӰ
ԭ΢̣һǧ֮Į
ǿС˿ԼȻ֣ЩԾ
ֵһҲȥ
˵˿ֻܻţǾȻмơ
筣ɳԾĶſͣ
λ𣿡СС
筼Сģǵͷмɡ
ҪȥӣһΪѵӡ
СݹҪȥӣû뵽һлȴ֣˽˹ϸһȷʵ񡣡
˵꣬ӻٴͳһӣӸСġ
һֱϣ̲ס˵ҵˡ
Ҹӡл˹
ѵԼģ
ˣҶ᲻÷֡л̾һ˵
˵ˣȴ˲͸
֮ͥ£ϷŮ˻ҩɾȡ
תߣлȴѾ׷筡
֨Ҳ
κлԼȳƣǰֱӽԱߵСڣҲûˡ
׿ԶԶš
׿ƼһĻҪ׷ȴһסȥ
ҪСʲô׿ĵ
֧֧ᣬһΣʲô޷ǾСת⡣
׿Ҫ˵ȴ뵽ʲôҲ˵
˸ɴӿڣ䵱ǵ·ˣ·ʱҪԶԶģ±ɷϡ
Ҳ֪лҪԼȥĶֻһֱԼߡ
·߲ͷ
ʱֵգխϡ
ԶĴϣö
ƣҪȥδ
ǿԣȥһֻݵҵĵطлŤͷƽᡣ
筳ԾƲţǴ˵
һ˳죬ÿÿδºͣȴָӲ˲֮·ʱ涾Ҳతˡ
ƽǲǡ
ɴ˿ȴ˵Ļ筲ȡ
֮࣬۵ɬէ˵ƵᣬȴҪ¡
ֺγء
а֮ʱڸżױ׼޸
䣬ƫƫû֡
޺֮ҩɹá
ִֵףӲԺڣѡ˱ѡˣвᣬҲһ·ߵףѡ·ܲ
ûĵطɹ
лЦһҲҪߡ
򴽣⼸һֱڶл֪Լǰ
ʱʱ˼
һĺ޲룬һǺһǰġ
筣֪ͷһʱᣬ޷ͻ䣬Ψһ޷Ǳ㣬лǰ筸˺һ
ˣǽڡ
лȴ˿ڴˣٴǰƵǽڡ
лָգָļ
ȡ̴һϵָϣ·һǡ
ָƶǻԭ
ͷϸ¶װͰ͡ݺݵģֻ̫޽ޣⷬ׺ݵı飬ȴֻ˼ʻᣬ⶯ˡ
Ҫ㲻
£лѾסĺԣһ½קԼС
̫ãһ棬ӵڻʱ顣
ȴƫƫ̵ڡ
Щ飬Խѹ֣Խ׼ķӦ
ؿڴ·һŻڷȼգѰѾǳһƬݲ
лУֱӵסͷݺȥ
Ĵ꽿޶ݺͷĵһֱĽŵѹ֣Ǳʮ㣬ͬһŻԼҲҪȼ
˼ȡȫ֮С
ԺһƬհס
ֱ˹ǣʼӵأ筵˼ֻȴڻУһʱѲá
лૣ筣ġ
筵Ǳһֻץס仰ʱݺһգ۵顣
˼һ£ֱɱȫʬ
ȴ޷лӵ
סԼƣΪָ̫ƺС
лƺоĽḧĺ󱳣˳ֱۣһ㸧ţƴָ֡
筡лں˫ͫŽľº͡
ƺ筵˼˻
ͻȻ䣬׵Ũܳմˮ飬Եø
΢΢ָص۸ҡ
ĵء
Ķ̫ƽء
ʱӦôŵġ
һ߿һĵ׺޺ţʱлѾʱϲ߬ơ
ÿÿԼͨ췺ϡ
ḧĴĺۼһַֻļĶͷС
ĿɢֻΣ·һֳ׵ġͷŵĿ
ģԼⱲӶٿޡ
ǿʱϤ¶ȡϤζϤĴУ·ص˴ǰޱȾĹȥ
лվԭأŶ΢ͻȻţһҲԸġ
ֻҪԡ


158 
筻ص, շһɲĺΣԼڷУ˭Ҳǰš
ֱʱ, лš
, нڷ
筰ڴǰ΢ɫ, Ψͷ, Խ, ˪¹ȻŴء
筣л, ö, Դһ΢Ϣ
, ͸һİ
筻û, ֪˶, оꤵ, һʱ, ȴվ
ش, Է
ȥ, ͼſվŵĸߴӰ
Ŀ, ɴһ, Ϊһֱû, ΪѾ뿪
û뵽лȴһֱվſ, š
, , ĵɬ, ʵû뵽һֱԼ
лü۵׷飬ˡ
ӵίһ̣ɢ
л˵˻ܿ˿ʼš
ϰȣŷ֣ϲġ
ƽӪСڣʿʲôʲô˿ûԼɿʲô
˸һӾƵĲȣȫΪ׼
֪˭׼ġ
ţųţŷ⾹Ǿޱ֮ͷһôȡƽܵ͡ĳһٷ
ǰ飬ƴǰ
ͷ׷ϣ޲̵ʱ鶼ȫɣЩδ飬һڼϡ
лţתͷҪԺɢɢ
ͻ飬һͷѽ
׵ɿڴӦƺҲл΢΢㵣ˮ㵴һ˿ϲЦӯӯ筣ɴ
ֻǴӦɢѣ˱˿
Ļ԰ʵ¡
߹صһж޷뾩ȽϣҲ̰ͼ֮
˵ǽĻ԰䳡һƬյأҲֻвԶͤԱߵĻôͷԼƻ⾳
㿴ǲִԲͻȻͷָָͷ¡
лףǽԵ֡
˵֣δζ
л̲סЦʣûԹ
һ˳顣
ϲֱ׳£˵ĺԲ
ԲԲ
ȴѾ䣬˷ǵ˸С
л˵֮ǰȥƽҸ仰
̧޵Ρ
Ƕתơ׺ɣԣ㶼筣á
筱빬𣬾δ
ԣѾԼ
ȴ֪νܣǷܽܣԼһֱãá
һ̣·оĵĳѹŵĶʧ
˭ҲãҲá
˶⡣
ôڣ˵£ߣԵЩ
л¶ЦЦı飺Ҳ뿤˵ֻǿһֱټҡ
һеĵһ֡
գգ۾ڳı飺æ޿ټòỹʲôԹ԰ɡ
ңл˵ţסƣԼĴߣͷֱҲ᲻á
΢˵Ӱ£һ˪ķ˿䣬нյ˫ϣйԵᱻС
*
Ӫʱ̷֣ҪسǣҪѲܱߣʱҪֹ
ȻǰӪһսʿˣ˭֪ҰģһʧܲδնǵҰġ
һֱڶűֵĶ
ųڲڴս֮ǰӪ׼ٴġ
Ŵ£óڲٴؽǰӪ
һֱǰӪǳڲµһǣҧֺݣһζӪ͵Ϯ
ǲɧű߾գʹ޲ѡ
筵ϣֶȷʲɧųڲա
ǰӪ˺ʮءʮأҲԭؽ
ΪǰֶȷʲһսķڷֶȷΪ˺Թԡ
ֻǼƻܺãҲǰͦأ׼һ
׽ӣǵĲԭϼҡ
½£͹Ĺ㶼£ӪˣǸλ
ΪҪ˵ʲôɴֶȷҲ¡
Ȼʵû筣ǿƷߡ
ȻԾĿʼȡ
սֻ»ɽս˼ǰ󣬻˵ڲմˣ˼ǰſΪ˳ȣжȣֵȷʵԱΪֲӢۡ
Ц˼λʵλΪ̴ʲô
һλǰǵɸսëͷСأôǡ
Ĺ˵̵Ȼˣװ˭˶࣬˭װãռȻ
кװνδС˵
筵ͷˣҴ˿Ӵɵֵʮ壬װشﲩǵľеԶԶʤ֡ںڣԭΪֻ̣һƬԭƾʲôǱȡ
ȻôǳԵĵ
Ǵʿȴһδα赽ſڣΪλ㣿
ʱɫ죬Ψֶȷ˵ΪĲ롣
ԣ˿ڶ࣬ǲֻӪһҪر֮أԽȹ񣬶ںϺУʱɧź֮أȻҪȴҲ޷ȫ֮Ը֡
Ĺһӣŭ⻰˵ĿˡӪÿľѣۿ궼˵䡣Щھﰲ̫ƽĳ֪Ǳ߹ؿ
Щ.ģΪϲ̣ϲԴڲϣЩһ쵽ûûˣҪԭҪռǵأҪ۸ǵİա
˵꣬һǰΡ
Ĺ㹣Ųӣ׼ԼղǾ쳹׵Ĺġ
һ졣
ȴȫȻûзУЦ˵ɷ򲻾Сڣ˵Ļ롣
֮λ۴£ҲΪ뷨ˣ˵ľ֮ϣټһλΪǿԺʱ򵽱ͥ
סǺ⣿
ֶȷɶһĿɿڴǰԵлһֱǳЦ
ݣ筵ľʦ
ӪλҲʶл֪λڳȨ۫ӵ¡
׼˽ݣӴӪ迪֧ΨһҪǣͥնɱڲա
ɱұҪɱ
筴δġ
ֻҪӮϧһдۡ
궼Ŀɿڴ۾˻棿
Ȼ棬һӣܿ͵ֶȷɴսصĺʣҶȫ֧֡
½λ߳ʣص꣬оŵƮƮġ
·һŲ޻ϣЩʵĸо
ֶȷ筣㵱Ҫ
żλ筣˻ʱֶȷȴ֪δʵ
ھʱۼոʢǵŮӷ·ոĿ֬Ϊ٣ֻû뵽һСС֬Ȼ׬Ǯ
Цǰ׬ӣΪ˾ȵҴո׬Ӫ;ͬ顣
ɱ˳ڲգʲôԹ޻ڡ
ֶȷľģԲ˵Ҳͬ顣ӪʶһȣΪǰ棬ȴδܱ˧
꣬ϻɱڲյģҲȻ
뿪һֱŵл
ߵ筸ǰʣֻҪɱ˳ڲգʲô㶼Ը𣿡
ü΢չһЦ
ұԴΪƸΣ
筣
ҲѪȡ


159 
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ֱһ
Ϊ׵ˣһ£ڷԺ, , 
ﵽӸǰ, Ϊ׵Ҳǰ
ҦۡϵİŮ
Ϊ֮, ǴӽԶҦ, ˰Ůǰϲô, ʵ̫ͷˡ
΢̧°ͣһЦ㲻Զǧֻǳӭ, ʲôͷ
ԭҦӦ֮Ҫ˾߹ء
Ǵһ·, ¡
˵, ߹ս½ݱƵ, Ҧ筲
һЦ, ˵Ϣͦ׼
ҦȻֻһ̻, ոϢ, ֱǲţ֪¡
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Ӫһĳ̬ϽܼñӦӲϾ
Ҳһ̬Ĵ򷨣Ӫʿ֣ԭ˲¡
侫ȴڲ㡣
̴ˡսӡ
õװľ׳Ľʿˮ㻨ȥ֮󣬲ܵõġ
ԴԴϵǮսѧ
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Ѿа֮ãҲϰ˱߹ػ
һԵҦۣһڣп֪羰ǰŲһĳ
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΢΢ҡͷֻÿ߹صˣͬһ뷨
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ˣһطԽԽ
ԭΪԼֻҪסһرãŷֹһţ߾ɽΪҪȴҲضΣɱȥ硣
иǳأҪس֮ѡ
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ԴԮ
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ֱ³ֶȷٴδǰ뱱ʿպϣˣ;ϮӲΧ
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ڣһδսܣֿɺӣٷڲա
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Ψһ̵ıǾڣڣ˵ɱϡ
Ҫһ֤Լ
ҪѹзĻᡣ
Խʱ򣬱ȵԽǱ˴˵ģ˭ȳ©ǽʤá
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ǵ룬ָߵҦۣ˵λλոĶңҦۡ
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ЩǰҲд
񣬷ǫҦۣλ
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һ˹˾֪п϶¶
筺Цǰ˵˽壬֧ԮӪľ迪Ϊ֮ǰսƵľ޴ұҦڽһռݡ
Ѿ˵֡
˴󺧣һʱȻֻܿλϱ˴˵׷׶һ±ơ
£˵ľλ
ռĴ£˵͸ˡ
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Ҧ΢΢ǰһֳŲＯʳһ飬кľԴԴϵ
֣Щ󻧣е㵽㹻üӪ
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Ȼ֪оӣǼֱڳǮ
ǰǴ֮ǰүү̣͢ݺװŸұ˴һ
ȴһˣݡǶԣ㡣
رҦ˵֮筿ڵо֪Щʱպķ࣬ǴҲصǡӵ׻ؾǣ˵ϣ˷ܱ֤װ㡣뱱˾һսӣԶˡ
λһ㣬Ѿܹ˼Ȯͣʱҧһڣ䲻ȴᷳǰڸ֮գұ˵Ҫնϱ˵㣬֪Ըһ룿
գͷѪȡ
곤ꡢĹˣѾ͵Ľر߹أΪľҪػһ̫ƽҪػµ̫ƽ
Ը뿤һ𡣡
Ը뿤һ𡣡
ᶨԴʴŵʿ̲סͷ
ĵͷ
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߾֮أҲˡ
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ҪٱȾƣ⻰ͻȻһЦָ΢յҹط꣬ǳҪǿǰɡ
ңңҦһЦϽ˵ҵĴԷ
ֶȷҡͷԷ롣
ҦһȻվã롣
ǽصؽϯͤ缱ϣȴͷ
ʧȥ˹ˣʵ˸л
Ѿ֮Ҧֱӵһ롣
룬оˮȴų筣һ룬ҾŮȴ壬Ϊȡɳ֮࣬ȴ˿⣬Ҧƽ˭ȴֻһ㡣
ͷһڸˡ
˵ڶ룬˵ڶ룬㾴ʶһ󷴵뿪硣
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签ûôھƱУźһһ
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筺ֶȷĿɿڴ˲Լͬڡ
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˵Ǹˣ筶ǸӰɣɽ˲Һӡ
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ԭһΣеĴУȴϸʵ
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꽫ȵẰԼŮ֡
ɴ۾ֶ֪ȷɶԼ飬ȴû뵽һ棬ˡ
ɿҡöš
ֶȷȴǰʵ𾪣Ȼִ˴գ˵
һģ˵ˡ
ʱлɲƹͷ˴ȥ᷿Ϣֻʲô޷˵
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160 
΢, ϵŮŤ黨һţ˿û˯ˡ
ûһת, ƺѹʲô
̧һĶקУ۾ʱƤǧ, Ŭж
һһ
Ŷ
筷˸׼˯һ, ͵ظоԾ
̧֣Ķ, 
˵
Ϊʲô˵
Ȼ֪㣬о
ƫƫͷ, һ߿ȥ
ͼһߴӰ, ࡣ
, ģļѸٴԺ, طУ˼ҵ, Ϊɴ߳ŭͷһذףֱӰϡ
еͷֱ
жϵġ
Ժеļ, ûе, ʹ˽
筵˼ٴλصϡ
ǵ, ֮, ֱӰקˤڴϡ
ſϣƺԺˤЩԺֻСˡԾ
ѭŤŤȥ
ֱлȻڣٶұ㲻ˡ
˵ƺǲͷֻ˻ӡ
ȻĶš
ǿǴǻɢ
һ˵˾ҡ
̧ͷƺЩ棬ʵΪ죿
Ϊ㡣л˫
һ׹ޱԨȫ¡
类ƻ󣬾ȥ
ԴӾޱ֮󣬵һ׽
Ůɶлèһ
ۿᵶɱˡɳڣ򽫾ǸӲŮ
˿̵·±˴ǰ筣
ԽԽ뽫뻳С
筵õлĻӦ
еĿȼաƣѸڣ˴˿ǰڶߣֱġ
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׵ķ⡣
ڴϣںڳѾɢϰһϵס˿䷢ɢмƳڼͷµ䣬߽ǰ
лһҪѰǡ
һ̣ڷ³󣬶Բһܱȡ
ǰ筣ҹҹҪӵеˡ
һҶ֮·ԺƾסĲ̲סͷִŷζ
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СѾǣʲɵ
ɿˮã˫
лȴһͻȻƽ
侲˵筣Ҫ㡣
ģȴ·Ҳڴ˿ѣش˵

˿ŵ筣̲ססԼ
ʱĻشǣá
ǵʱлվۣδʲôϾǻδɻ顣

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筵ɴ۾ʧ£ȻһûС
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筵ɴ۾ҧһңиӣǴȥҵҪҪˡ
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е޷ܣֱӱڷС
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ѾˣԼûѾźлֻŷţδ˨
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Լлͬһҵ״񡭻ġֹһΡ
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Ī֣лݵߵ
˵˶ٲңô㶼ãǸʼˡ


161 
лӾ֮, ͣ£Ӫľһȱ
Ͼڱ𴦣ս²ϡ
, , Ҳõ˳ŵ, ᾡ쵽λ
жһͷ
Ҫ׽ָϻزԭ, Զ޷̤߾
ھ˼֮, ڲճ׷ؽǰӪ, ֶȷɲϳ, Һѧĸ
ǰӪµһʱ򣬲ȥ
һʧһԴ
ǳڲոɴཫǰӪͥڵء
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ܶ˿ʼɣܷսʤǸ³é®ֶȷɡ
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ֶȷµ, ֱפԱպϣٽǷԵġ
͹Ĺ㣬Ȼȫͬ
֮ǰΪһֱ, Ϊڲ, ǰӪƽ, սսǴ⣬һʳǡ
۽ѾȾ˷˪Ƕˡ
Ȼкţսʮ꣬ǿǰˣͷһؾãԼˡ
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лһʱ䣬ޱϲ
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Ƕԣż֮ߴ·̤һ;
ֻΪһİˡ
ΪᰣԼ֪壬İס
л˵żǰ˵һߴ·ô˷ӣֻҲ
żδлǾ£Ȼ
ر֪签ƱֵǰӪնɱ˵з졣
쳤Ц֮۽ǺЦ౯ϲ˵ŮȪ֮£аο
лĻ볤õĳĬ
ͻȻͷ˵Ȫ֮£Ļ𣿡
筶ԣ֣ȻİȴѾڲ֪˹Ѫ
ų⣬һֻ뵱Ů
ڣ־ãԼҲΡ
żȻˣΪģҲǻһס
ᣬлᶨ
ĵ׵һ˿ɣҲᶨ£Ȼƽ
ֹһ£Ӫն˭֪һսֻ⡣
ֻȴһĪ顣
Щ죬ЩŹ֡
筵Ҳκһֱæھ񣬾Ȼһֱ鲻С
ֱԼҸſڣ˹ֶȷɡ
Цһε˹ȥ
ֶȷɷӦļʱ񵲣ֻ˶̫ƽĵԼǰǱһ
΢̧°ͣ˵ɣأ
·ѣ
ֶȷϤҲǰǰ㣬һһԵԶ
筿ɲĹ
ѽ˵ǰɣЦһձ㳢Ҷ̫ƽ
ֶȷϲδӧǹֿȭ筵Ķ֡
󺰵Ҵġ
ֶȷѵ죬˵ķѣѵʧʣ
ֶȷɡն̫ƽ
㵱ۣͬ㾹뵱ҽ򡣡


162 
ֶȷƺҲ󵨵һ, ˫죬ƺҪػ
ֻǵķ, , Ӳ˻ȥ
ʲô취ôң
ЩĿ࣬û뵽ֶȷɴ˿̻˵Ļ
ʵҴʲô£
º, ̬, ŭ, ֶȷڸſڳٳٲҽȥ, ˵ôһ
²ʲô, Ż˼
ֶȷɲ˵
Խ飬˵
ԥģᵶ˹ȥ, ŵֶȷɴ󺰣պˡ
ˣ
ͻȻ˵ˡ
ֶȷΪ, ƽǵξƲմϾ˼Ĳ״, Ŀ
˵ĺȾ, ֻһͬҦ۽ӷϴա
Ҳ, лϵӺݡ
ֻԼȵ, ѹûע˷ʲô顣
뵽, ȻԼл
òֶȷɺʹҲ
ô
, Ĳǹ, ֶȷɷǰܣ൶ں档
ЦˣǹģǱˡ
ֶȷɣ
սݵ꽫˿Ǳڴϱһᵶ׷ſ
֪筵ĵɲ廨ͷ
Ҳʵʵսϣɱбĵ
Ҫĺܡ
ߴܱߺͬ㣬սɱУ㣬˵һ䡣
ү˵ȥɡ
ߵ
棬˵ֽˣϽ
һţƼ˻Ǵòɿ
筵Ķ̫ƽޱȣֶȷѹһֻ֣ܲͣܡ
Ƽŵס֣ס֡
筲δֱ֣˹ȥŵ筸Ͻյ
㣬ۣôҲĲҪһ
ͣʵƣΪҪɱֽ
ɱ筶һֶֿۣȷɣ޺޵Ϊ¶
ôˣһͷˮ
ɫ㣬㲻Ϊڣұؽѵ
ȷʵû뵽ֶȷһȻ³
ŤͷֶȷɵʱͻȻ飬һʱգȴĻᶯ֣һֶȷɡ
ƣֽ·
ʱ筿ֶȷɣͻȻ˸
ֶȷһͷˮֱ筵촽
⡢͡ˡ
˿ֶȷɲף筵⡣
վı󣬳Ĵָ
Ⱳӣսĺ󱳾ͽˡ
ߣװģ£Ϊſڣҽȥ
Ҵġֶȷ˵
筰ѵϵһҪǸ˵ٻھı飬תͷʵ㣬˵𣿡
Ŀڶ̫ƽϣѩзѪ䡣
ǣҵġ
Ǻðɣġ筹ϳˡ
ߵ̫Ѹ٣Щֲ
ֶȷɳû˵һֱ㡣
΢ŤӲȥı飺ֽǰѾ˵֮䣬йŮ˼档
ֶȷȴûбĻס˵ԣΪǹйŮҲôҪ㡣
ѾϰӵİĽǶֱ׶ҵϲɻЩ޴롣
㲻ͬδȢޣȴǡ
㲻˵ֶȷɶȻȵ
ȻֱӴĻ
¶죬ͼֶȷӢͦü΢΢˫Զɷĺʱû޹ˣ㶼ã˲֪ϧ
һ̣һ˿˼ʱң˲ĺá
Ϊֻлᣬ
ԭϵƣֻ޷
Ļᣬ·֣̽η
ֶȷͻȻں
ǴĽţԽͻ
Уź֡

ڸſڣΧȴģûʲôˡ
ȴľսԼʱŤͷĵ׺ݺһʶҪһ
ֶȷɵȴڴʱץסĸ첲
֪֮䣬ݵλ̫ԶΪҲǸˣ㱣ֶ֤ȷɵһǰļᶨҶɱ˳ڲգΪү𡣡
ڳڲ֣֮筺֮ǡ
ͬΪŮҲҪѩޡ
޷ǰ㣬ս
ŭˣһǻѪν˲ݡ
һɽҲǰڻ
οĮĵ״ȴδɽ
̫ˣظɣֶȷҪ˵Щ˵ˣңϽ˵
ףһ˫ˮҲЩȥɡ
ֶȷɸܵĹģʱ۾һ
ӻ֣תߡ
˼ٴתͷûߣԽ
ߵ֣߱߳統սֻǿһۣů⡣
ûסֳ˻ӡ
˭֪ͻȻĻӦֶȷ־ϲԭȻˤ˳ȥ
ǰһȻһպ󷭣ڵϡ
ֶȷڵϣĵҲһ
ûǰš
*
ʮ£䣬ԭÿķХ絶Ӱ
ͷһؼʶʱϣսҪ紵ߵĴ
Ķĸ磬չʮ£ͷַӪ
ֶȷɽӪǰ֮뱱ͥľˣǱ˸ɴҲʱʱɱɧţһ죬ǻʴֱͥ
ѵһս˫֮䣬̽Ϣ
筶ʼ̽ڲյϢ
κԴ֮ĶͲ̫ĽȥҲҶʣϾǱҲǸϸ
˫һֻ⣬̸ս¡
ʵڳ裬Ҳֻһ⡣
Щ˵ĿڷЩ˱㲻ô
汻̽һҪϢ
˵ֵĿɺ岻ãֻ°죿Ϣһ
Ҳֻ˵ţȷǳڲʱ䣬һֱͥϿɺиһ޷ʱϻء
˼Ϣʵ̫Ҫ
¾ȨĽ棬ɱ¾ѡ
ְ˲Ҳһ顣
ǰڱڲ̽Ҳ˵ڲմҰ̫ҪǴ챱ԭء
ɰ˲֮ҲС䣬ûҰġ
ЩҪӲԭ֮УֻǱЮУòһս
Ͽɺλʮ꣬ӵмǿ˶
ӵٴȨƣסϲ
ԭĵò֮¡
ϿɺأֻĻӾ籱ڲķֱ
筵֪ϢصӪ׼껹ֶȷ飬ܴܲ̽ȷеϢ
ϿɺĲأ¡


163 
Ϊڸ, ÿζǶǰ
һƣ̽ڲϢϢѾֵĹײ㡣
뿪, ǰӪ
һ·ϣ, ֱһűѡ
签ѵ̧ͷ, ס, бϵĶ̫ƽ
Ȼһӵ˸ǰ
װ, ǽͣûʲôϵ
筵һЦ, Ǵľڣ, 롣
н׼뿪
Ϊ׵ˣͻȻҿһ, һһ׳, һ˽ӹ
ĵһ
ֻ˵İµֱ
׼ֱӽס
ֺεӯ, Žŵ, Ծ
˴ԾڰкһȦ, ʱ, һס̫ƽĵ, ε𣬺֡
ֱȡӣԷˣǽȴס
αȲӯ
筿ļ֮£ĳֱӲԷؿڣģû˿飬ε
Ѫ罦ڰ絽һߡ
գ֮䣬ٶ֮죬ֶ֮ͬл޷Ӧʱ䡣
˱һˤڵϡ
ﻹקŰЩԼͬ飬Ҳק
筳ûϣ°һ
ɱ֮Уһʹ
Żعں棬׷筡
ֻǸղƬ̼ľɱһӰ
Ϊж̫򵥣ɱŮ˰ˡ
˭ûﵱ¡
ŮǸ̵ĽǴʵ
ɸһ䣬ǵͻϮ㿪һԱ󽫡
ʱһɱĵ׶ףӲӡ
һȣ˿ҵġ
Ϊ߹֮أҪ豱ַ߾ޱĹǡ
ȴ룬ЩվǲԸŹ
Ȼ֪ˣǴ˭
ϸ룬ӦøѲ˹ϵ
ӻͳһöóֱڰըһ춯ص
ãټԮɱֺ
ɱ˸ƴǰ
Ѿ筺ü£ֻѰھӪѹû֡
˻ûΪ嵽Ӫȥɱ
ֱǷ֣ÿһӣͻȥӺݳǵһ֬ˮӡ
ǹһˡ
ɱ֣;س̵·ϣͻϮɱ
յǱɱֻҪ
Ҳ֪ԼֻܣȻһ棬ɱ˶Էһˡ
Ҳǳ䲻
Щɱֶ֣µʶ
Ȼٷ޴ԴĴ
˫ϼۣ˭á
ֱ筸оһ󼲷սĥֱ͵
һֱֱ嵽ǰĵ档
ЩҪ֧С
ü죬졣ɱֵͷ֮ˣ˻
筵źѾӪԮˣȻϹ
ǱҪԮϵ֮ǰɱ˶Է
ҪȻԼҲ޷ˡ
Σֻһ֧֧뷢ȫĺ󱳡
ҧǰͻȻоµ˻Ȼ˹ǰ
ãС
֮筵һʱȣ¡
ﻹŶ̫ƽ˳ŹٵһȦεȻûߣӭɱֱ֣ӻӵ׼ƥȡ
Ȼȴ׳Ȼýȴܱ׾նϡ
ԷﻹŹ֮󣬻Լĵͱ筵ĵɱ˸ǰ
˾𹭼ӭ˹ȥ
Ƕ̫ƽǺεĵһѱ㽫նϣ˳Ƶǰ
滮ӣת˲Ѫɽ
ܳ
ǸɱԽɱǣĵ
ǸСֱǸɱ
ɫĮһȥ֮ı飬緽ɱʱ
ɱȲü
ţֻɱɱˡ
ɱʱû˿
˲ˡöԷ޻ء
ֻڶԷȫ֮筵ӱ㲻ù
Էʮˣǹƥ
ս·Ҳóʮֵ
֪Լȱιȷʵһ
һһ£ԵʱҲԱ֮
ƫƫ㣬ҲΪŮӣ޷˷ȱݡ
رԶʱ㡣
ŻУĶ̫ƽǰܼ֯öɱ޷ǰ
Լòϣĵڱ
죬ƣһٶȱ
ôԵıٲԨ
Ųסˣ죬ɱɱɱֵȻҲǲݰһ¾Ϳٶȱ
ͻȻ˴Ӻ͵Ϯ筵Ļӵ񵲣˭֪бҲһѵ
һʱ䣬ǰйԼˡ
ȴгֱӱ˳ȥ
ûǴ׸
ɱǵܲˡ
ѵֱŶһߡ
ǧһ䣬ĹٵͻȻ΢΢װű߹غХķÿ˵ĶС
ɱ쾪ﳯȥͼһźɫͷǰ
ӿŵŵ˳˹ƲɵɱϢǾɢеصơ
ɳĥ
ͻȻǰˣϣһڳ
乭ԭ뻡ε乭¡
Źҵıֱڣһ֧Ҽ
˺յ죬Ŵ̶ļ񣬻صڳÿ˵Ķߡ
ֱ˵ؿڣ˼
ɱַӦٴƿն鼱䣬һʱ䣬ļɱ֣ɱ
ɱ쵹һ֪ѾԼеġ
ڣǳ˵Ѷš
ɱǷԼ׼ˣ֡
ǣȴȻǵץסǣۡ
ɱһݡ
л˸ǰֱӰĹ£ֱס筡
ſͻȻ֪
񱼶Լϲϡ
ڣڡ
˫ֽ޲ý˶ԼĹѪ֮УⱲӶҪٷֿĵ£޷ܡ
û°ɣлھĵǣ̲סɿϸ
ѪҲС
ȥᵲסҵѪЩɱֵġ
Ϊʿڣ͵͵ƿȴл˿Ըץס֡
Ϊһֱӵ˿̵Ȼֱ֣ۻ
ǼҶ֮󣬲Ծֱ۷Ӧ
ȥ׷ɱˣǾ͵ԭء
Լ˰ʱ˻ˡ
лʱ򣬴ϰЩϵĹ򣬾˵
Щɱ¸򲻴ɵסЩĸɱ
ֻĶ붼ʬ壬ֻʣһڡ
ԷѺ筸ǰһžͱŹ¡
˵˭ɱҵģ
Էҡͷ˵ңҲ֪
ЦģһĽɱ֡Ϊɱ£ǻܣһй¶Ǹ֣֮һǱɱ֡
ȥҧ
лŶԷתͷͣ󡣡
ףӷģ±ػúд
׼ȥֻ筵ɱɱ޷
ΣϽԼ˳ҵ
һԵĳΣ޲õͷһ¡
ֱлƲȥŲԾ
ʵҵƢ꣬ʵڲʺĿڣر˵ӵºͣǲʺ
筷۾һлһЦ
лʱǰ㣬
筱ڻǰ˹һڶ档
һֱĬлʵʲô
筳̾һ
лͷ΢΢Щգ̫ˡ
Ȼˣĵˣڱ֡
ھǡ
Ҫ֪˭ɵˣЦһҧһŵɱϣ䣬ʬΡ
˵ţ̧һնɱĶ
лЦ̴Ц
ʵ㲻ţ
ţҪ飬ܲš
˵ŻʱֻϢԽԽŤͷԼǽߵľ롣
筣ллһֱôͻȻ˵
գգ۾
˵Ҳóܣʧȥʹࡣ
ֻǺܱǸڻûҵʧȥԼķӡ
Ǵǰл˽ʹࡣ
뿪ȴ᲻÷֡
ӵ筣˵筣ȥþõĻȥ
Ϊֻߡ
óʧȥʹ
Ǳ߹صķ̫ңӭ洵ۿ΢ͣɬĵ׵Ҳҷһһӿ
ĻԼͷһ˷ϡ
ȴɬڣ̲סĵ׵Ļ˵
㵱Ȼúúûţһӱңѿڶ֮
ƺҲԼ̫ʾá
գգ۾˵̫ˣҲÿζԼԴܡ
һЦ
ĺ󱳽ţ¸źʵѣƺܸо˴˵¶ȡ
ԸһΪ筴ܡ


164 
֮, ھȻ󲨡
֪˶ΪǱΪȻǸ, ޲ﹷ
ԭȻжһŮӣִӪˡ
Ҳͣȥ
رǹĹ㣬֮ǰζ顣
ֱڻΪսʵŮӦȥĵط
һ˵̣ŵҪնɱֵĹͷ
˵²Ͻס
²׵ķԸȰ԰꣬޴󰭡
Ҫǳ, ǾˡĹܻ˵
ָŴ棬ԭʹɤ, ǷŴЩֹ, ˺ү, ȻҶԿ֡ǲ, ǰﹷ, ΪǴˡ
˵Ķԡ²ͬ
һԭָȰŵ, ̧ͷ²յ׵, Ͻͷ
Ĺ걧ȭ, 󽫾, ĩ, ҴǰӪս
ҪսȥĶ
ͻȻʵűһ
̧ȥͼſվһϸˣһ£ͷӢˬЦӯӯǡ
û°ɡĹǰһżʵ
筵ͷԼڣδף
˵±ãǰźżǶҪǰԮȴжѸݡ
Դлһ˾ǣӪЩףԭոߵˣֻľʦ
Ȼ۫ӵ¡
˻֮ҲλӵĴš
Ǽ֮ر̫ı췴۫Σ֮£ƽңִ֮ƶԺ˾ٲȻѾȨ㳯ҰɱϵĴ
ֻ˭û뵽λӲھȨȻܵ߹ؿຮ֮ˡ
Ȼ筵ദ˶Ƴߡ
Ӣѹ˹أبŲ
˿˵⻰Ҳ΢ԼԼ⡣
ûмʱԮӵķӦ̫Ѹݡ
筲СǼ֮ˣֵüλˡ
Щı̫۸ˣȻܵǵĵؽϸɱսʹԷ֪Ǵȥĵط
ŹĹĻڨڨһЦ
ˡ
֮٣Ϊҹζ࣬ȥѶǸɱ֡
һʼӲһڵģ
ǳ͵ֶΣܿס
һʱʲôˡ
ȴǴӾģֻֻǸС䣬֪Ļָʹ˭
ֻǵ֪
ϧǸΪűɱˡ
ǲȫջѾȷ϶ԷǴӾġ
ʵϸ룬Ѳ³˭
˿ȴ㹫࣬˫ս³Խ˭ܵġ
ʿ֪֮ϣ˾Ȼʱ򣬲ŽһĻ山֣ɳɱִɱ筡
ع⣬սʿǵʿܵӰ졣
罫ʹ˴δɱֱ˦֡
ڲԶڱͥҲԼԩ
˵Ķԣսϴ򲻹ǣǳЩĵ΢ǣɫԽԽ˵ûսһս
ηǡ
ԣ׷׵ͷ
ĹͷһؾãֱԼĻ׳档
ƣɻƵǣֱ˵ϹĿȥˡҵ˼ҲұΪӣӣսһϸ¡ڿǾȻɱֶζʹȻǱǴˡ
лվһԣ΢ͷ筡
˿ûзŭջ𣬶̶̰ʱ䣬ѾܾڲԼ
ֻƽȴлۡ
ƽ͵ѾԶǻ˲Ըʹ˷Ź
лº͵Ȼȴạ̊́Ҫŵˣ˶һ˿һ
β˭öԷ׸ۡ
鱨˵ҵõϢֿɺѸߣΣڵϦ˳ڲղŻὫǰӪ׳ͥΪ˷ֹɺһֱͥ
һϢͷӶۡ
˿һֱδ˵¶ϲ飺˻ɵ棿ϢԴǺδ׼ȷ𣿡
ֻ˵ҵõϢǱ˴̽
ֿɺλʮ꣬ͥǺųǺˣְ˲ܹ֮ںϣĹ͡
Ǳֿɺˣְ˲˵ʹ˷ֱʱ򲻹԰ܡ
ЦҪǱֿɺʱ˵춼վߣʱҲܰ˲ڲǷзҲһὫǴķֱҪǳ˻زԭ߾һһľ
ڵŮ޵Ϸ·Ⱦһ⣬һ˫ϵĽҪȡ
˱ĻеѪ
ԣأػ
Ǳ߾һһľֻҪڴ˼̤
뿪֮лֶȷɡ
ֶȷ筣˵ΪԷٴζ֣պţһҪױ
Ӫһġ
ȻսŮȴӹսۣٴսء
ִгɢ˵˧սıʹٴνӪĽʿһεģǲɹġ
ֶȷɶǽĳ£ӪʿܵĴ
Ǳˡ
ֶȷɲĵɴ۾ʲô˼
ʲôǱˣ
˵մɱҵˣǱˣ¶һ˿⣬ĮԾǡ
ʲôֶȷ𾪡
֮ʵֶȷ˵Ϊֶȷˣ
ֶȷɣҲй¶Ϣ
ҪǣҪֶȷɡ
˵¹ҵʵ㣬ֻΪҪѡ񣬴ӽǷԸ㣬׷ҡ
ֶȷѡȨ
ֶȷƬ̵𾪺󣬵Ըꡣ
筱㽫Լʵ֪йϵԩ
ֶֻȷգδǰ㣬˵ԭ㾹Ů
֪㸸ףǰᰵĸ㸸֮Գ£ҲΪܵһǣۡҪȻ㸸׵ĸھǹƶ
ԭѾֶȷɵ
ԼԾԭֶȷɵĸ׾Ȼйء
ѹὫԼߡ
֮ǰ筻ΪΪԼƼſֶȷɡ
Ϊֶȷɸ׵ԵʣŻὫԼߡ
ڤڤ֮УѾһŴ˶Уֶȷɡᰣ֡
֮󣬳ƽ˱֣ұ᷵ؾǡ
ҵԩѾʮꡣΣܸ˽¡
ֶȷɴ˿̵ԺУһʱ̫ණ
筵Ļ֮Ժоֻʣһͷ
ҪԩҪԩ
筵ݣһ˿ȴɱᡣ
筷Ŀɨʱ¶Цݡ
أʵƢãܵίˣܵһǡ
˭ҪɱңҾɱ˭
ܶԷ˭
ֶȷǰ˵ģ뿪ʱʥϻЩҪʹɱ֣˿ٴĻͷһ
ĵ˾ᣬƬ֮ͻȻȻһЦ
޽ֶ֮ȷɣֶȷһһ⡣
һԵл筲ΪӪֶȷס
ֱֶȷɿڣֶ֪ȷ²ˡ
˭֪˵꣬ļ򣬰ο˵İɣɱҵģӦòϻʵۡǷΪ㲻˳Ϧġ
ҪԸģҲϻʵۡ
ֶȷԣϥһЩҪڵϡ
Ͳôɱ¶˵赭д


165 
֮, ѩǣĿɼ֮أǰããһƬܲ, зѩХȥ
վڳǽ, §磬Զ
һԵ²˵, Ѿȥˣû
֮ǰ, 佫Ĺ·Ӫ, ֶȷɵǰӪǰͼӶĺ, ִﱱִĺ󷽣ֶȷγһл̬ơ
ȥɡת˳¥
ܿ, »ص, ¯ӣһƿţůϢůԭЩӲա
ڣվڱ߾ͼǰ, ۡ
ֵµĸλҲ, վ, ż˵䡣
ѩֻϹо·谭ڼȶʱ, ϵָķص, Щ, ָͼϵ·ߣεѩʵڲʱ򡣡
˼˵ǵװ䣬ʳĵĸ졣
ͷԽ
ԭ̣Ҫүɫ
ͥﴫϢɺԣۿʱղ࣬ͥڵļλӷϣ໥
ͥڲҲѳɼĦϡ
ۿͥңӪļλϣͬͻϮսƻ
Ҫһٽ˸ϻպĲ첼ԭñҲ
һʣʲôʱܵתͷʵ
ԴֶȷɵǰӪפպϸ˫սǰߣĵڳɱ
Щӣлٴʥϣһµľ
սƵ֮ԭȵľȻѾ
̹ԣ֮£еȫȨλزģеڣһж׵
⻰筸ǻ
лȷʵȨ죬ԭȾǲͬٴμǿӪľ
ǳΪβ󲻵һ
Ҳ֪л˵ϻʵۣȻɹҪʡ
ޭݸһɽĿǰȫӪľ衣
֣صǾ뿤͵ˣϾǰս³Խ
Ҳ֪˭ͻȻһ䡣
ô⼸δ£
ǳ⣺٣Ƕܹʵġ
֪νһѵ⣬
筵ǵѩͻΪһ·ģż˷纮ձڸЪϢ
ף˵˼еĻ
뿪ʣ׼سǡ
ȴӺݳĽϣһ͡
лԭԺЪϢɫ԰ףŴ멣վ£ʵѩٴƮ䡣
ҹһϣû뵽ѩܿٴ
ͼʱȴվ£ӣ岻ʣôվ洵
лתϵĺɫ멺ضůͣڴΧһȦƤëõǡ
ԲݵգںɫƤëӳ£㲡
ҲҪлҡͷǻ䣬ڴԡ
ü£߾ຮ˾þӣЩؾɡ
о仰û˵ڣǱǱ߹ĵطлڵ塣
оϢ𣿡лδش仰
ɫȻת˻⡣
ͽиȡţл
ɫЩ£ǰָʹţ˵ӢԶ˼Ѿʼȫ֧־ŻӡӺ߻ĸԳ΢ڳ㣬ȫ޷Żӿ⡣
һԴ̫췴ÿ££ڵŻ̫ӣȶ١
л˹Ĵţݡ
һϸϸţȴ˵̫ӣȶ٣
⻰в
˵ŻһΪ̫ӣֻ»
лͷţ˻
ͻȻﴽЦ̫ӣŹ𣿡
˵ֱ꣬ӽţݽ͡
ͽӹǸġ
Դл뿪ֵ֮ͨ۾ƿžǷĴСС顣
Ͼ̽һϢ
ȻҲʹĵ顣
Ѹٿ̧꣬ͷż£ŻӴ˾ǳġ
ǰŻ飬ѵеĻѫء
˵ڹأΪĻӣиԷء
Դǰʼ̫ڻʵƫ۹ӣһֱӶסھǡ
񾩳סŲס
۫ү֮һ
ŻӴ˾ȻˣȴǶлĸ׳н
۫ǰأлΪ۫ӣλƿ˾
л˾Ȩ֮Ѿڶһ֮ϡ
ȫ֧־ŻӣǾŻӲݰԸҲòɲ
ڶǳ׸лҪھǣһٽߡ
Ȱ˵£Զڱ߹أԾ֮±޳ĪǾŻӺͶһУƶ£ֻµʱĻʥĶҡ
Ϊϲ֪ǵͼлԳ
̫żˣҪлϳǣƽе˾
Ҳ룬̫ıôܻһҶ
¡ܹ֮лΪ֮ӡ
ȨԣҪıôλǾǴ治
ʱ򳯳Ҳ
Ƕ;ŻӲͬǻʵ۵ӣǻӡ
ǻΪۣ˳¡
ϻʵȷʵˣҲû˵У¡ʮ꣬ЩǰŪЩȨı
Ψƽ
ȷȨƽȡ
һ˼ĵ׵ȥ
лʵɱ֮£ôˣ
Ȼɱֵ죬ɱ˲ƾճڱ߹ء
Ҳվ¼رǴӾǸ̶ӡȻ鵽һ̶ӣڰǰӾǶھǵ̺һҺų˿ӣǰѾߵϢǣ븵ָʹЭͬ顣
Ƕ˵ͼϹܼǰ
Ϲܼҹ񣺡£Ҧˡ
Ҧɽ
лЩȣԴҦɽ筴߹֮󣬱ٲ
Ȼż֣һֱء
лǰǰȥҦɽ
ҦɽڣںȲ裬һתͷƼлЩ졣
¡Ҧɽ
л񣺡
Ҧɽһ򹧾筵ִѧ֮
¿ʣҦɽ۲ɫʵ
лЦżз纮¡
ҦɽɫȴԽ֮亱һж߼֮ڣᾭѣΪʦԶʦڹһֱ񡣡
ӵ£½жһƽⶼԶƽ⡣
лᱻƵһա
л˵Ļϲδ¶ʧı顣
һУѾ֪
ԣӤסлףɫȻ
Ҧɽ̾ӼףΪλҪϧԼ塣
лû뵽Ҧɽ˵ֻⷬڹġ
һЦпΪпɲΪʱ޶࣬ΨһԸǣܵóԸ
ǰѾ֪Լˡ
ô꣬
ŬţҪԸ
Ҫܱ֣ɱڲգ游
㾡вƸװӪ
Ҫصǣϴԩ
ҲһһգеǣңֻΪһˡ
ӿ֪߹֮ΪһֱٲҦɽͻȻʵ
лҡͷ֪ͽ̡
Ҧɽһ̾ΪңҪΪҵǣ˿ҩùSһЩϢֻǵԶڽϣ޳Ī˱߹أȻҪһˡ
лԣĵ𺳣ͻȻ΢ƣ֪筺ʱ㣿
ǰǴӾǸ߹ص·ϣңΣҪҵS壬Ѱýҩ
Ҧɽһ
֮϶˵ࡣ
Ūˣα˱ծ
ǴӾǸ߹ص·ϣ
л仰һݵ˼ͷһرס
ͻȻ䣬ۿ΢ȣһǵصɬ֮⣬ӵ
ʱΪ
һǰǴͷ
лʹڻлԼգЩѹסǣ˿
Ϊ
ǣԭ


166 
ѩ, ѹһӺݳſڣǰŶǵ, ࡣ
ֻΪŰŮʾƣſԡ
ӭǡ
ſŶǵȺкʵλ, λôسŵˣ˹
һԵգЦ
˼Ц, Խ
һ˵˵ͷһصӺݳ, Ȼǿʶá
¶죬ͻȻĪλǳƽ
ɲǣ˿֮, ˭Ӣˡ
ǰƱǰӪ붬֮󣬱ֽӱ߾˲ء  Ǹ˼ϲ̶ӡɱ֮, ̶Ӷ˲١
Ů, ȴü
ƽ֪, ҲΪ
һһ, ȫǶ筵ŷ
ԭ筳ӪϢ˶ΪȻ, бص, , һССŮ, ̡ܴ
Ǵ߽սǰߣ𽥱ԭ
߾ƽ
߾ǸģЩʱԼ죬ӱ߾ׯ
ӪĽʿԮҲһ
ǵǼȥİʬ塣
ſڵĽ̸δֹͣһУѾ˳ǣֱ
һֱлȻֻ˵Լżз纮Ż岻ʡ
ȴá
״Ǵɱ֮˸Ϲòֳǵȼҩ裿
֪ԼʵĻҲҽڰο
л״ֻĲֹۡ
˽ſڣߣȻϹĹܼ˵Ҧˣ  ǰ˵
ˣ筴ϲǰȥ
ǰڣ˵ˣҴҶĽŲȻһµͣתͷſڿȥ
ȻӰ£һɫӰ
筸յſڣͿڵҦɽ
ϲãԱ
ֻƳлҲڣѹסеĽδѯĵ顣
Цʱģģ붬֮ϲء
Ҧɽѩ֮ɽ·ߡųЩ
£˵ҲǸջɣЩȥЪϢ
˵꣬תͷл˵ӣǾͲҪٴ
лƺ֪ʲô⣬ȴҲûֹЦˡ
лǰ뿪ʵҵS壿
SʧѾмʮ꣬ҪҵǵŹ£ѣҦɽ
ϵϲɫһ½Ӳס
ŵκͻϲһ˲䶼Ӱ
վԭأζ֪˵ʲô
Ҧɽ̾һ˵Ҳȫջм£ҿ㱣֤ǾȷʵЋSĴڡ
ԭɫס筣·עһɻ
ŵҦɽ
桭ģСʡ
ҦɽˣĵҲһ˿ۣ˵֪ӵ⣬ֻƣ֮ϣ٣ۼˡ
һ䣬߽ԹҪصо
Ҧɽͨ
ֻĻȴ͵һҡͷ
кžӨ飬ҡͷ֪Ҹ˶ʤ仰ӵ˶ݡҸУҶҪҵҩ
ƣֻǲϣ㱧̫ϣSĴڣ˭޷֤Ǿнҩ
˫ͨ죬ȴһᶨһҲS壬ұһղ
ԣS񾿾ںδ׷ʵ
Ҧɽ΢һŵֻ˵SȷʵڣƮһֱ޷ȷڡ
ʱ֪ҦɽصطԸ౸Щˡ
˱߹أ筱ջؾǡ
Ƕԣĵط
ĸԲڣΨ筻ڡ
ڵĵطļҡ
ΪæҲûô˷ʱţһţ筱Ҧɽлȥ鷿
ʲ߽ƶļƻĴӦڽָص㡣ǳһֱδǵ٣ǻǱѩ谭о·ߡ
ҦɽǲõĽͼͻȻָָһ򣺡ǹĹֶȷɵĴû취װΧִطǻҪ
筵ͷ˴ĲԶǵĴǣʲǰ
㣿
Ҧɽлͬʱɻ
筷Щȣ˵ǲң
Ҧɽҡͷ̹ԣֻЩȣȷʵˣһʱû취ܣԼ̴С߳ƵĽ
ͬСлЦ
筹龫֡ĵģһ£żЩ㱡
վｿεεСȴᵶҹĽӢۡ
л筣Ц˵ĸ˾塣
ϲ
ֻǰڻҦɽ࣬л޷˵ֱס
ˣӣһôˣ뵽ڴڣΪеһ⡣
л˵İɣѾ׼׵һһȫе
̫ˣҦǰЩҲݡ꽭Ϸ˳ʳ㡣֮ǰһֱСչʳбʳ
ʳһж㡣
ƾʲôӮ
ҦɽԺӣ筼ԼԺӣȴڵſʱͻȻת
ֱлԺӣ˭֪ȴԺﲢδơ
ô£
ġ
ֱ筱ߣɻֻ·ҦɽԺӣȴһϤӰ
ӣ
Ϊʱ
ҿ˿ΧˣȻһ·ǽ
֪лˣûֱ̫ڴš
ɴݶ
ҪСˣֻΪҪһء
ֻҪѰ£ղ鷿ȫʡ
Ȼ޷ǰʣǾ
Լ顣
ӤллվҦɽ棬΢΢ҽϢ

筸ƿƬķ϶˵
ޱϤ
һ̣޷ȶԼĶˡ
ǵġ
ġ
ǰ˵ЋSϢ֪ںηлʡ
Ҧɽ˵ȷʵЋSϢǰҲδƣֻ֪Ƣԣ֪SڱͥڣһǰΪѰҩ
֪ǣл˵ȴֲסһҿԡ
˵֮Ƿûܸо
ѵһֱƭԼ
Լǰһֱαװģ
뵽ʱ֪µˣܻᷢ͵ȴۿֲסķᣬҧأԼ޳
һǰͥҩ˵˽ҩǵ֮ңʧ֮Ϊ˰筶֪ңڋSľϢ
һ筲֪Լôصס
ҲףΪһлΪζûз͵
ΪĲúأӵĵز
ʶûã签͵֪綾һֱ
ģȴͷһΣ֪Ļȥ
̵֪ʹ
סԼգʹޡ
ֱͻȻ̧ͷޱȼᶨ
Ҫš


167 
һ˵ж, ֪лȲãֻû취ȵ״ܱ֡
ܰϣڣ򵽶Էϼҡ
ڲǼزӪı޷ںʱ, Խԭ, ִͥ
ڶ, ٴǰӪ
ԭն, ʲǰص㣬ڲյǰӪǰߣһֱ
筵Ӫ, 
ֶȷ˴Ϣ, һֱڸȦӡ
˫ĶԷҿֶȷ֮ǰ㹻ʣܸԷġ
ս, ̲סȰ˵ǧ֮hա
΢ͷϵսڻɵɫ, , ң, ϯ磬
תͷ꣬󽫾ǲ޲ͬ
ָ̧ŲԶʿ, æ׼Ρ
ÿ϶档
, ǵĴݰɡЦ
һҲ˵, սһҪ, 罻һ󽫾
λǻŲң
ԭѾ׼, תͷ
ֱԼͷӷ٣ߴڻްؼ䣬ȴ
筲Ǿ˿еĵѾ˵Ѫ
ˣ껹ڼ˵ȥ
ֻܰԼٹԸ²˷ſһͬǰһҪÿΣǿ˿ʧΨʡ
ǣģҶʹ²ɫ
ʱչ筴뿪ֱԤõص㡣
ֻû뵽ѩ֮󣬵·ʪߡ
رŢãֱǿ಻ԡ
żֻӥԭϢ㣬ӥΪʱǰ棬Ϣʹ
Ͼӵ£ŸɱȲӥ
ųȥӥ𣿡ʵ
²ҡͷĶ飬տʼһֱʧδϵϡ
նϵ
Ǵԭƻǰ·
ʵ࣬ǧ󲿷ֶؼ׶ûĿľΪװ󣬴һͻս
˫ǰߣѾƽպϡ
δӵպӣżԶСϪﴫˮ
筲ǰǰּӰϡ
Ϊ߲ãһʱ޷ǵѡ
ǰеʿ׼ˡ
ûһԷǰɳĳ
˱˵٣ֽĲӾʮĵط
û뵽˳²ϵֽѾԤķһҪμ˵
²֮ٴɳһӳ
ֻǺܿصߣǵڶûϢǲ°ɣ
ĹоϽˣ˵᷸´
µľǣͻϮ޷ȡϵ
ȥ̽ΣһҪҵҲôˣƾʧ
׼ͻϮָļƻ֪ƻģֻмˡ
ѹ޷֪ǰ
Ȼųɳĳ򣬴̽о
ɼĹӦУ㲻УҲȫû
Ȼ뷨ǶԣĿǰҪĻⳡıѾõͻϮƻ
ʾǰС
оһʱ䣬öԭ
սʿǲܽе˷ڸ·ҪȻɱеʱֻµӲ졣
򲻶ϱɳַء
ǵٶȿ죬Щ˫ȴƥ
Ϣ˵Ҳǰ²Щ˼˵
ʣԷжˣ
²ʵش𣺡˵֪ϡ
ˣ
ǱǱ˵ˡ
û뵽Ȼ׾̽鵽˱ڣʵ֮ϲ
ܿ죬Ҳֶȷȡϵ
ʲ棬ֶȷڱִ棬ǹĹִܵﶫ棬ô滷ƣһ޴˲Ҳӡ
ֻǹĹĲӣڶûϢ
֧ҲЩ֡
Ϊһֱ˵ڲմñƵΪʵ򰵲ɱΪӪǱְ˲콵ţעԴű˴ԭĲš
ٴɳĳϢԷȷʵбģŴҲǱǰӪװ硣
ֻǲ֪ڲգ˷ǷС
ϣ΢΢սơ
ǳڲҲڵĻԲѡ
Ҫ
򲻶ֶȷɵĶ֮أϦ£ۿҪ䡣
ҹսͻϮȡ֮
Ǳ㣬ҹսĲȶ̫࣬ߵĲʣǶ˫ʿӰ졣
Լʱͬʱ淢
н˵ķ߳壬ָǵо֮ϵ
ñ˴޷γһЧǿķ͡
Ϊ¶ԷĳҲ֪̽Լо·ߣ筲òӿ̫
һֱСн׼ͻϮԷ
ǱҲȫ޷ǵﱱֲʮʱǷ˱ɳ
˽ɱԷ
ɱԷųӥ
ⷬ筲֪Ƿ񾪶˶ԷĹѾ𣬱Ʋͷ
ֻһɫѩϸ߸Ʈ𣬱ȽҪҵĺɫͬȼĻ棬ڰȵÿһˡ
һźɫս׵ǰ
Ⱥɵͬڴŵĺɫ˳ϳͬһ˹ȥ
һ޷˵ƣƱҪûǰĵˡ
Ϯ
˵Ĺ۲˾޴ĺŽѼʿӦԡ
һŽ𣬽űӪĺŽǶ졣
ԭѩ׵ؼ䣬Ѿĺɫ˳ȾսϮϵѩĭֱǶ
ô£ôеˣֻһűֹ廪۵ˣӴڳ˳
ųˣǾþɳ֡
Է˵ӣ϶Ǵʿ˹ǻӭսɡ
ԣԣϽӭսΪӵˣ׳˶ҲԵĺ֣ǶͻϮȴЩңˣ㻹ʲô֯ʿ
ǣӡģˣָӽʿ
Ǻܿ죬ǷͻϮĴޱȣ̤֮𶯣ķ·Ҫ쳹ס
Žսʿ˻֯һͬʯ
ڻ֮£Ѹ飬㿪ǰ֧Ҳ޷ʱԱһ֧
һ˲䱱ֵʿɱأսǸһ𵹵ء
ٴ
һֵٴοʼˡ
ʿȻҲ־ܣرóָսĽƬ̵Ļ֮Ѹ£ʿѸٺ£
׼ȳĴڿڴ
ôʧȥԼ󷽲ӵϵ
ȴ£һǰĳ棬Ӳ־ӴмָǴпʿս·𱻷ָ֡
ȻҲܿǴǰΧ
ֻǵиλǱΧȴԼ˵㡣
ս˲Ϣ䡣
Ӵ˷ɱУܿԼһ̧ͷʱͼԶһɫս׵ˣֱ
ֳ֡ͻȻֱ̧
˵˸ǰʱųӣЦҵˡ
˱ǴͻϮֶȷɡ
ųӵĴ磬֪ԷǱֹ壬ݲ͡
һĸˣֶȷƣ䵶˹ֻϧ䵶δǰֶȷɵġѾб
ΪǹսʱΪǹʱ˽
Ǳֶܿȷɵġ䵶˳ƴɨȥֶȷɡص˫ڽ䣬̶Ħ
ǱŽ
֪Էŵġԭ˵
սϲǸ˲ͬеġͬ㣬л裬ݣ䵶ҪѸ͡
ʲô֣üɬʵ
ĺﲻڲǰֻѧἫ򵥵Ļ
ֶȷһӢף䶢ųǣ˫ǳ˫˿̿ʱ飬
ǰǸѵꡣ
˿̵֮ϣ罵ս
ֶȷɣųǣ𣬳ס֣Ϊҵ
˵գġٴδ˳ȥ
ڲԭǸֶ֣ȷɵġСѾʹĳ뻯
Χȫɱĺ춼ѩĭڷɽսѾҳһƬ
ͻȻ֮䣬һ̶ƳĺŽٴ
һɫĴս棬Ю磬ƺƵ
ĺɫ˳ӿͬһӿ򰶱ߵĺˣ˴
ںɫ˳ԽԽսϵڿ
˳źڼս׵ɣսж򣬲ǿŵ涼оǹӿʱ
֧鵽˸ǰʱһŰźڼ׵ŮȻԽڶ
һ°γѩ棬Űɱ
ѾսɱһŵĴʿߺǿԮˡ

ߺ筡
ǧ֮ǰŮų󺰵ɱ
ɱ
һٴĺŽǣ˽ĽŲ
ɱȥ
֧˹ʱѾսսһŵʿľȴǾȻ෴
ʿ֪ԼԮ
էȻźɫ׵ͬǳ֣ϲʿ
ֲǽ컹ʿҲû뵽ɱһӵˡ
һЩΪ̫𺳣Ӧһ
֮䣬ԭƾеһ浹
ʿֶȷɲ£ģ׷ʿǣ޲ɱǰˡ
ʿܶ˶η֮ġ
һٶ˥ߡ
һսһʿܵôҪ¾£ǲܵġ
ߵˣǰͼסֶȷɵĹóǴ첿ͻΧ
ӣ»Ӷ泷ˣֻľ߲ˡһʼ͸ڳߵλȰ˵
ǺۿΧЩµĲڣĵϵ
Ϊ˵ıһֱڲնڱǸŮūĶӲڽŵס
еѪҪ
βޡ
ѾߵֻҪָսȻֶȷ
˭֪Ǹֹ壬ȻҪܡ
Է£˲ྫѡߣͻΧ˹ȥ
ƺҲҪʱ޷ͻưΧȦô·һ
ǰȴһ¡
ǻ䵶ӲڰΧȦɱһȱڡ
ۿŶԷҪܣ筺ֶȷܹԸ⣬һָʿʣµĲ뱱ʿһߴȥ׷ǡ
ЩսϵıʿѾʧȥġ
ڷԼĽ֮󣬺ܶʿҲټս׼ˡ
һʱ䣬սҡ
˵ܣҲɶ֣˶֪
ֶȷɣ˽Ұɡ
ʲ׼׷ȥʱϸϹֶȷɡ
ֶȷε㲻ҵսƷɡ
˭˵սƷǰֻ̳ӵĳǣ׷ȥ
û뵽ûԼ׷ȥ
ͻȻٴγһȻһֱûϵϵĹĹ㡣
ֻײ˸档
ĹΪо֮£һӵаûء
Ȼһﱱӭͷײ軹ɱʲôء
ɱ
ĹһŭĲ£
ǱΪԼͻΧɹӳ죬û뵽ûܶԶȻײһ֧ӡ
᲻ףԼ˳ڲյı
ûӪ͹ľ
ֻбǸ׺ݣսĴˡ
һϹ
ȴѾˣĹһǵĲӣѪڰзɽ
˹Ĺһ
Ҳڴʱ筵
ĹŶֱͦͦµʬ壬ЩǸתͷ筣Ҳ纰һͲɱˡ
̾һָϵ·˵ҹ۴ţƺǱ̵ִĽԺյĹ塣
Щϧſڵϵʬ壬ֹ˵ˣʹڱֿɺ
֮ǰһֱ˵ɺأ˻Ե״̬
ͺٴӱֵõϢܱҲףϢէȻȥӰ챱ְ˲ȶ
ɴ೹׷Ϣ˿̽ɺ顣
Ҫڻ򵥣ҿǱҲиٴġ
ĹϧĻҲ룬ָŲԶɱһ˵
ԭ˱ǷŸڳߵˡ
˵ĹѾɱ˹ȥ

ӪıϮսٴδܱ֣ʿǧӳΧ֮⣬ྡͷ²
Сɢ£ͷҲصӻزԭ
һ·񱼣ֱͥš
ս֮󣬹Ĺ˴ɨսֱӾ͵ǸĽ졣
Է˰ڵϣһӵģ
ֻһ㱱ֻ˫սô꣬жñֻʿ
ֱʿʶԷʣʲô֣
ʿ꣬Էݺݵһۣ߰ͷ­
ǱǺԭ˸ף筣ͻȻԺлһͷ
ϸ筡
Ů̫ëǣִŮӴ̡
ǴȴŮս
ͻȻ󺰣㣬ɱ˼ǸŮˡ
ȻڲղͬһϵǳڲձһŮ˴ܵϢѾְ˲
Ҳǳڲյűսԭ
Ϊһս񣬳ڲվȻһŮС
Ǵܣܲ˳Ц
û뵽鳰ЦڲյܺųȻҲŮˣǺ޷İ¡
筡
ȥĮҲǱǵĺҲãҲãУǲ˵Ҳ˵
ӻ֣ʿǰ
ǰƤˣͻȻϧ;Ȼڡ
͸лߣѶ飬ɵǸӦ֡
ֻϧһ˿Ƥëûѧᡣ
ȫԵڿͶЩʧ񣬲ɴ۾

筺ܿתͷŶԷ
ųǺ˳ˣȻʱʲôйˡ

ʱĴȦ
ͻȻЦȴЦЦǾȻ˳ڲһѵ
˭뵽˾ȻɥĲ񵽣ϧʿĴۣҲҪԼľֶ֣ȷҡͷʵǾöԷ
ԭ˷²ŵ֪ǳߵˡ
ǰĹһɱ˵ĵùǱֿɺӣӡ
Ӿ˵߹ĸǱֿɺΪ谮ӣĸ׼ǵλ磬˵ϣʶһαֿɺˡ
κϲûȻ֮¡
ΣڲһŮū֮ӣƾԼǿҰĺ쵼Ȼѹס˳Ǻӡ
ԭڲɱڱִﵽ˶塣
˶϶Ϊһοɺ
Ҳ˭û뵽Ȼܸ筡
ټϱֿɺΣڲʧȥǿ֧֣ƾԼĸİѸ𣬳Ϊڲշͥˡ
ǳڲóԼߵߣй¶˵֪ӪǰӪԼʳ˺δ
׼˽ٳ㹻䰲ȹݡ
ۿųڲ˸ͷٶ
ֱ˹ҪҵνĲ֮ء
筲֪ӣǴĴ
Ȼֹˡ
ڲչǺݶΪ˹Լĵλϧսʿųһ
ԭңڲҶ̡
û뵽ԭ֮ϵıңվӲȨС
һ뵽ԼȻ˱ڶһѵ
ִʤϲ֮飬Ȼɢ˲١
һʱ䣬̲סŭ˳ڲһ䡣
Цڲ̫ţΪ˳ǣܵϱֵĿɺȴ룬Ĳǳǣ֡
еʿʣ޼
Ҳζţսʿ
ԼҲǡ

ͥѾǰʹڽŵ֮Уɺ״ʱʱ
˲ĹǶΣȴʤߵĳ֡
ЩӣӴ˵ҪȥӴ˵ݡ
̫ӣòְ꣬˲㡣ټĶӹϵ˫ѾϾ
֡
ǰдΪ棬͵͵顣
Ӫ֮󣬲ȡҰ̬ȡ
һʳ뱱֡
Ȼһ붬֮󣬲ԭʲı״¶˳Ƕ˾Ͳӡ
ɾϲĹǣɻû
ƽ񶼵ϽԼõʣһ֧ӡ
ѩ̫磬Ҳ̫ǰ컹ѹһƬƶס񣬵ˡ
أʬҰֱҲ̶á
Ҫ˭ܹأѾõʳ˶ŷ
Ҳǳǵ֪Ϣ֮󣬺ԥȥݵԭ
Ψʳܹġ
һɵ֧ߣȵĶڻʵڣЩɸƶĲһܲ͸磬¯ӣһƿţӭһů硣
ǵ֧ߣ׾˾ˡ
ǱֵĴ֮һ
ڳڲյǰӪʧ֮ҲѸټһˣԳڲա
Լ񣬽ű߹ƯŮūһȣһӺɡ
ԶƶЩ±޷ıƽ֮
ˣˡһ»ʹСС
ֱ˽ڵϸߺӵ˵
Ǿ˾Ϸ𣬼еôˣ
δ˵꣬ͻȻ̶ŭӣҪǼ̩˵˽ʡ
ͻȻҽС
ڵ˳ԾſڣѾһȺɷ˽һߴǿ׳ſڡ
ڲգʲô̩
ڲһ˫ҺɫͬӥǰϬֱż̩㻹ųǻ𣿡
̩аãرǷԼҲᵽǡ
˻棬ܣӪҵնɱڲճŶԷЦóǵɺҲûǸ¡
̩ɴ˫ƺǲţԼĳǣˡ
㣬ͻȻ̩ǻعޱһ˲䷴Ӧ˻
ָųڲգ͸¶ϢóΪ֪ӪݵĵطȻˣıֵʿ
ҪȥҿɺҪÿɺּɱ㡣̩ܻ
ڲĮȫȻΪΪ˿̿ŵģһˡ
ֱ̧֣ΧѾ䵶˹
̩ֻһŮūȫ޵ֿ
Ƭ̼䣬ŨѪζ
Ѫɽڵ滪ĵ̺ԼϣŸɲ
ʰо֣ڲȴѾ߳˴ʡ
ܿ죬ԶֹһֻǵͬմѪɫ£ɴĿҫۡ
ԭڲղɱ˼̩˽̩һﶼɱ
ӽ쿪ʼΪͳһֵ
ҲΪԭϵ
ֻǣ˿վɽ֮ϣԶصķ
вԭˣĸԭ
ԭʿ̤Ƭء
筡ͻȻڲտǻԲ֡
ξԼһæ
Ǻܿͻٴμġ


168 
筴ʱ, ٴδʤϢѾӪ
ǻصӪʱԴ, ӭӡ
Ȼ֮ǰСս, ˫֮, ʤ
Σ˱ֵʵǸϻϼҵԸҲԸ, ٽԸ
ǼʵֵĿꡣ
, վǰ, ʱǹ
ǰд
񣺡筲ʹͷ󽫾, ӭӡ
ЦĴʤǶΣԸţӭӿ
˵Ļ, ΧһƬЦ
˶ʤϲõС
γһʼӪҵִԼԷ
Ȼ̶ʱ, ȴ·á
һʼδҵʱ, ĵ׻ѡ
Ǻʤ㿪ʼл֮¡
͵л̸, ڶ, ûк, 뿪˽
ʹ˷սĽʿֶȷɺ͹ĹˣΪϯ
ԼǴͣĸϻؽ
һſڣ塣
л⼸һֱԺ㲻ȴһϢС
رЩӣѾǵ͸
ΪھУһϵΪΪɫԸȨơ
Խ޼ɵ
ֱ˿С
ͱ˷˴ɱ筡
ΪԼ֪ȴƫƫ©ٳ
ЩӦӢйأһ˵
л棬ͷǰ֤ݣϸĮû뵽ܽ籾ȻĲŮѹֵڷѵڣܽ籵ĸϣҪһн¶筵
˵洫Ų
һεĽŲݣһ˵ĽŲȻͬ
Ȼ˻δǰлȻת˱顣
ԭɫͬ绯¶ǳǳЦ⡣
ǺңȴЦ⣬Ȼ˼ѼİȻ
ӡ
ƿлĺ֡
ֻڿҲʱ筸ϽϹȻЦݡ
ڳʮֶÿɫϲʤ
ͬϲͬϲʮֺˬĻӻ֡
˵꣬Ҳϻֱӵиˡ
һߣ˱ͬ鳲ľ񣬷˰ĳ˹סϵˣֻлδǣ˹ȥ˲䣬ǿԼĳײ
лֽסû뵽顣
Ҳʮ顣
ôˣлԼļͷþò
Դ򾩳ǽһ֮筱㼫ٶˡ
лЦʣ֪ԽƵᣬԽʹ
ֱڣδԼ˵ʵ
筺һ䣬ʹһֱ
е֪֪ԼˣѾһߣΣڵϦ
ȴ޷ʳڡ
ô޷Ǿǲġѹʹࡣ
Ҳ룬һգԼǰͻȻ£Դλȥ
筵˵ۣо̫ˡ
˵ʱ۽ǼѾ΢΢ʪٴӿ֡
лƣ룬ǿ׳ӣھһս֮󣬶ƣ벻
οء
Ĵʤʹ죬ȴȫŻá
лĵ̾һԴǰս
ԴϴΣɱ֣Ԯٴηҩ
ǿ˹Լ״ٶȶ񻯡
񲻵򲻵ѣԲٶ䣬ֻ±ˡ
Ӫôཫ˵ЩսɳϽֶȷɺ²ˣ
лӪĽǣҲָơ
΢һ̾ʾǰܹʿ
ΪԼ
ӪĽʿѾļ̳ˣǶԣ筱һ
ѳľȴδʧ
筣վÿһʿǰ
лԣָ˸ķޣٴ뻳УͷĶͷ˴˸оԷϢ¶ȣ顣
лߵᣬƺܸƽƣ롣
սĸӡ
ޱ˶׵սȥģÿһսһġп׳
ʿҪԣ಩
ÿ˶ޣƴո
Ψߵʱ筲ŻԺЩѪȡ̡Ļ档
֮۾Ƴϰŵš
ͻȻĿƳϤ֡
ϣ
Ѿû筸ǰ֣Щϻˡ
ϵָֺڷѵڷһĻĻٴθ
ܵĿ·һ˲ͻصͷ
ޱ
ôˣʵ
л˵¹筣Īż
筵ͷţֱ˵ɡ
ܽӢԶ˼Ů
л£Ȼ׼ȴ׻ĻƸС
л˵ϵָ㲢ѪʵǳڳŮҲŮıسӻı֮˵ŮƱػҡԺϺܽ籶ԣôһǱҪɡ
ʦһֱ¡
ȻѾǳ£ǶԽԣֻҪҪ飬һܲ鵽
ԭϵʱѾСΪܽ籵ĳںϼ볤ƽĵ߸УȻʱܽǵʱſɻء
ҪһˣԷˣҲڳʬǡ
ǸŸ߸֣ܽ籾꺫ϸڣδɱڡ
ʵȷܽ籾ǻԶ˼Ů
Ҫ鹦ʦֵˣлһЦ˵Ϊֱӽٳ˺߹ӵĶӣǸܼӣڶĳʦ֣һָͷ͸ĸס
ֶκһߵֵܵ
֮ѡԷΪӱǺϵŮ
ױںߣںϵһܣ֪
лʼû˵ɿ˵ҲعΪ㸸׺ĸ׶֪ģ
գգ۾ΪԼ˻
˼Ļ
ҵ䣬ϵĸ׶ĸжؼұţĸױĸңֱһ
ͻȻãǸĸ顣
ΪԼߡ
筵˵ҿ֪ģҪȻԩ
ŮֻһճŮԼ
лЩΣû뵽ʱǵľȻ⡣
ָ֮ң˻Զ˼ָʹ
ŤͷŰɵ
ΪʲôԶ˼Ҫأ筶ԴЩ⡣
Ϊлһ˽񰸣öĿ¶ֵл
вģҲл
Ͼлƾ˰һ˶Ժ
ΪλԶ˼ŶԸӣƫƫҪץأ
л·˼˵Ϊҡ
ͫ͵һ΢ƣѵ˵ı永йϵ
ҦɽǱԩġ
ĵףҲôΪ
Ϊ֪Ϊֱһܻ˶ʮر߹أսˣôͶѹ֮ˡ
ǵСˣԸ⸧筣ҽ缺
ΨһĿܾǣǶǱԩ
վԱлͻȻ˵ǰдԣ֮˼ԶĪϵֻǴδй֤ݡ
񷴵δסαؾһ
Զ˼Ϊҵ˶ˣ㵱걻ŵϣҲʮѾ߰˰ˡ
Ͳû˷ָ
Զ˼û뵽ͻȻðһ筡
ΪʱΪڽϾģ֪ѰŮӲͬ
ɴΪǿ
ر̫ıԶ˼ŷԼȻСҡ
ѾûʷУʵϣȴôһǰ̣ҪΪϷ
һı永Ȼ¡۵׿ϡ
Ҫһף˻õд
ֻãǱߵСɱΡ
ҪȻЩıˣΪֻҴš
ΪʵӣϹдҲ˵Ĵ
˴ΰɱʮа˾йء
лԼ̶ֲ̽ӵһ·׷ٵǣ־ȻԶ˼йء
Ǿ仰ϣ˲֪ǼĪΪ
ϽĮл˵˻һ˫ˮĺӿ˪ˡ
ˣӪضش
ԽʿʿǲĥĴ
ڴ뱱ֽսĹؼʱ̣Զ˼ΪӢȴԴΪأһֻҪɱҡǺã筷·¶İ㣬ݺסƣһգǶǾŻӣϻλ
Զ˼ǰǶһɣϱۣѾʧȥ˵ǶλĿܡ
ת֧־Żӡ
ŪȨóıƣȴԽɽ洦
ֵ֧ĻӣὫҹС
Զ˼һҪɱôţһöԷ⡣
Űɣȥġ
ǰɺޣһ
*
Ժ΢ϴ֮󣬱ҦɽԺӵţ֪һ
һֱҹҦɽĳ橻ظ
֪Ϣǰ
ҦɽЩ˷ʹڴ˷ݵϢ
ȴֱʵϻʵ۵ľĻţӦöԻԶ˼˼ΪϤɡ
ôһʣҦɽס
û뵽筻ᵽ֡
ϣ˰ΣͻȻһԸŲߣ˵ҴΨһˣ
ҦɽԸ䣬Ʋ֮ϣ۵ڶ˸Ҿӵһ
ɾҲɱԶ˼±ơ
̾һڣԶ˼겻Ӣϵӣԭ֮ۡκϵļǲܳϵһλҲʱߡ
ռ䣬ǵϵλ˶ΪǸȻ֮ҵҵ˭ϵΪһĪеĻҥ˳ᰵҳϡ
ʲôĪеĴԣʵ
ҦɽҲǾãµʲôš
ֱ˵Եȵ۲ҪŸϣǴ㴫λ۫үһگֻگ䲻ϳûȡ˵λ
ʲô𾪡
ڤڤеһУ·Ժд
ΪλʵҪлһͯ֡
лǸ֮ӣϺαҪء
˵ͨ
˵ͨˣ¡ۻگл֣Ϊ۫ΪӾһ˿ͷ
Ҽǵ˵磬ʱزۣѵ
ֳ׵׻ĸо
ȨƵջ󣬵˱ɶ
Ҧɽ˵Ǳʹ˵ǰ֮ͬ쳣աʱ۫үĺزۣλ˵ȵ̫ΪƵ۫үһİ̫
ǲ֪λСӣѹȵ̫ɱ
Ҧɽû˵ȥһпѪ࣬Ѿǰ
ôңôҶ֡ۿͨ죬һɷŭĵ׶
һ뵽׵лܵһС
ͺ޲ûС
ƾʲôҪЩѹūۡȺ
ƾʲôЩں֮󣬻ܸ߸ϣȵλ
һ󵨶嶯ͷĵ
¡۲ںԼΣزסǸλ
ôҪĿţνеȨߡ
Ϊ۫µҪ˼ҶӾ
ǸλƫҪȥ
֪ԼһǷˣȴںˡ
ǻʵ޵£βһ
ҦɽĻ𾪣һ㵵Ŀ
ԼۿҪѧ
Ҿ͸ӡ


169 
ҦɽⱲϷŵ, ٳս̣ɱ筵һ, 𾪵ԺпհһƬ, ζ˵һ֡
筴˻ڣ췴֣Լϡ
ܲҦɽľս
㣬, Ҧɽ˰죬֪Ȱѵ⡣
筺޾ɫĿЦ˵ױ̵, ˵, ٳ, ͳڲƭղҷĽҪҲաӺų, Ҳ֮, ۷̥ϲѲáƾʲôһУ
ʵ, 굽Ҽҡ
ֻ⻰筵׻ǹ˼ţҦɽ˿Ұɫû˵ڡ
Ҧɽ
˵Ļ, ˭֪仰ǲ˵ġ
Ҧɽþ, һ, 
˿Ųĺ, ʲô˵, ʲôڿﶼҴ
ĵ׻Ī
˵׼⻰ľԼ˵ġ
֪⻰ǱҪԴģҦɽ
筲Ǻ£㲻ڱ߹֮ء
͸ģڽϣ߻ʵԶ
ҦɽһƺҲ˼
ҽǸ˴ѵĻλ֣֮ǰһһ£ҪҡĿҦɽߣS徿δ
û뵽⡣
ҦɽһȶдʵҲ˵ֻȷȷʵЋSڣǲȷǲδ
ƭҡ
筵ᶨ
ҦɽնסĬԭء
˵֪ӵ壬ѿ쵽ɽˮ֮ʱΣһҪ
ҲЩڲƭңʵȥʱұݶ
㡭ҦɽȫȻûԤϵԼл̸类
ʶѾ֪лӵ顣
һʱ䣬Ȼû˵Եġ
˵֪SͥǱͥ˶ӣҪṩϢ
ǱͥѸҵS塣
òҪԼǱ뱱ͥҦɽʵ
ĿⲢδ㣬ֱֱҦɽǰȥҲġ¶ҶԣҪҪ
֪ҪȰԼʲô
ΪӪ˧ҪԴΪء
ѾΪ㹻飬ҲΪӪ㹻ࡣ
Ҫȥһ˵
ԣвʧȥ֮ء
ҪˣҲѰ塣
ҦɽȻԤϵԥ˵ɡ
ðաҦɽĻû˵꣬ȴͻȻں䡣
ΪǰŮһ̣ԥĹȥ
筹ǰ΢ͷ֪ΪҶԣӱ޷ʧȥˡ
ױĥһССͯЩҲ֣ءܻ񣬲ΪүĴΪԼҾǲƾʲôܰȻٻ
ԣҪ
ûһС
˵꣬ȥͷڱĵשϡ
ն
ãҦɽ߶š
ٹִԼЩҵĹڋSһ䶼筡
ԣϲ
֮ǰֵǰӪֻǴǼ̶ٰӣ˼׷ɱ
Լòð˼Ѳѣ˳롣
ͥѾ֪֣˼ģ
筱ӳ飬ҳһͥķ
Ȼһ뵽ģ
֮ǰڱֿɺϢʵǰĴæ
ҵٸӺݳߵḷ̌Ӵոĳ
ûʱ䣬ո⡣
һж
ҲѰ㣬˿⣬
Ľֵ
ǽոԽϡ
ֻЩ˵ҹӺݳǶո֬ӦòϵȵأӺݳǵľĻȴݡȵأҪࡣ
֮⣬ڻӺݳǾ̣װѻδ
İɣѾ
ڣ㲻ɻ󣬷ʹӦҪ
ٴγȥѰ
⼸գҲһϲ󣬲Ϊ꼴
ΪӪһδʤ̡
һ־ϲ
ΪЩӱҪæھôпյСϽ뵽ң˾筣ֱ˵š
筵ЩǸ⣺ÿιҪ⡣
Щŵ˻ɷңܴݹС꣬ĸ
ӿˣҴ˷ǰһҪӡ
õ֣ĹŮҪʲôò
αԼһСС̻
ʯ䣬Ȼ²⵽筵Ŀġ
Ȼתӣ֪ڱͥ⼫ڱͥбһ뱱ͥ
򲻿ɰ̫𾪣ʵû뵽筵Ϊ˵ز
ͣҲǲԸ￤ЩˣʵǷֿݵĻֻ¿ǡ
ҴӦ¡
筽˱֣һ֣򲻿ܻŻ
±ӵı
һ£Ӵ˱㲻Ҫٴˡ
ӪŹԼ
ĵ׵ĵǣ˵ģֻҪӪңӴ֮ոĻֻҪڣӦоСӺݳڣҿԸ㳹׵ıӻ
ν
ȴǲɿڣǲסȰǧ֮αԷաǰȥֻҪԸ⣬Ҿ԰š
β֪飬Ϊ׵ķӡ
û취û취лˣС
Ҫȥҵķ
ﻹԥ筸ɴ˵ӣҼҪң㲻㡣ѾõϢSĺ˱ڱ֮ͥСҪȥǣѰǣ˿Ľҩ
ǰ˵һλǣ˿֮λӦҲԸðķա
΢΢ף֪ǾԸðգ޷ܣĿöĺ˲˾ͽ
ӣҡ
˵꣬һ
εºܣܿ˴񣬡￴һϡ
ΪŮӣȻס
һŮӣԸð˴ΣգΨϲǸˡ
죬ĵ
ֻ筲֪ǣԷģҪҪǱ뱱ͥ
ã˵֪λѣǺʱжǣ˿֮Ե֮⣬жգ
жգ˵жꡣ
󾪡
ʧΪжܻ꣬ţ
鼱֮£Ȼ筵Ĳ죬׷ʵɷңжã
жã
ϸ룬ʵӦʮꡣ
лʱжʮжʮꡣ
ܡ
ŵı飬ҡͷڷϵķΣȻ̫
ʣΪβܣ
ǣ˿ߣꡣ˵
筺΢ͻȻǰŮӣΪǣ˿֮Ϥأ
֪ǣ˿ǋS⴫ܣҥܶࡣ
Ҳ˻ؽ󹺣ȴҲֻǶһ֪⡣
ҋSųѾʧ꣬Ϊλô˽⣿
ע⵽ɻɫϽͣʱҲǣ˿ˣϾĴʱS廹û伣ء
£Ҳ֪û˵ѡ
л֮Իд˶Ϊⶾҩδ
ж֮ϻʵۼģ¡
֮ԻΪʦⷨӱסҲѹ˶ԣδ׽ⶾÿ£ұ뾡ҵҩ
Ŀϣ˵ڣҾҪһֱȥ
ףδǰ׷ģ
Ҫл׷Բԣá
ǰѾ̫࣬ܵĶ
ƽϲ֡
˵Ļ֪ԼٲȰ筣ֻҲ¶İ㣬˵˽»뱱ͥ¡ҲҪڱֵȡϵֻҪķЩʱա
ã筴ϲҲҪȥ׼һ
Լ֮筱뿪ӡ
»ص˽
֮һת۱Ҫ꣬Դǽսٴǰ֮󣬹ĹĲҲͬѹȥֶȷɵǰӪγһ̬ơ
ִҪ͵ϮǰӪĹĲҲ֧Ԯ
֧ǰ߰Ӫկ֮񣬱㶸Ȼ
ִӪ׵
筲δ¸֪꣬ĽСһᷴԵס
дһţ뿪󣬻˽ꡣ
֪ԡΪ˴֡
ȥôԶԭԼ
筰Ѿһ鰲׵ص
ȥлԺӣ鷿д
ôھͿʼдˣЩ⡣
л촽΢¶һĨºЦ⣺ѵٹգǴһˡ
筳סˡ
˵øɸɾ
ѹַŻظ·ϣôء
̾ǰСʱҿϲꡣ
лĿǶЦţᵯ£͸ų磺ңˣ
СǰӲ߱סлͷ
ʡԨsţ·õĴʻ㣬϶Ϊ
лôԼҪЦɫͻ䡣
Ҫôˣͼһƿ
ƫͷ۵һӿŻѪ
ѪҺ罦ǰĺɫֽϣĴĿ
筵׹ԨǰˣΣɫƬѩ
Ӥ
筲
ֱл·Ӻм˵筣¡
˵գҡҡ׹
ǰסܸоڲ·ʲôУһߡ
һθоһ˵š


170 
һʮ
, ˡſǻĽŲ
ǵһ
ڵϵлб, ʶʲô顣
¡
ʧ󺰵
筵ͷͼƤƺŬƤ
ڻǳױ۾
ק, Ҳһԡ
Ӥȥ, ɻȡ
, ƺҪ, ̫, ᾪŵ
筽ڻУֹס¡
ܿ, ٽС
ҦɽĲ, ˶ĬĬҡͷڴ齱ߣһ̲뿪
ελˣҲҽε¡ǵеǣ˿, ݼҸļأǣ˿˶ߣػءܻͣʵ֮漣
Դǵ˱߾֮, 筱ˣڱ߹ظѰ˽ǣ˿ˡ
ȻSѾʧ, 仹˽ġ
ЩѰ, ˽, Ա㲻ʱ֮衣
Դ筵֪л֮󣬱㿪ʼҽٶĴ޷
Ҫֻҵҩ
ȥ筷Ը
ڴϵˣþһУֻǿסһϢд档
վһԣ筡
Դӳʼᣬ֮ȴƽ
ټлһжŵɡ
˭ܿƽĻɽȴӲҽ棬֪ںʱͻ᳹ױ
ʱֻ±ǷٽһУء
Ϊ뿪һֱš
תȥ
֮ǰѾǱ뱱ͥļƻ
ûܶˣ飬Խ֪Խá
ֻ׼׿ˡ
˵ãΪı
ڸһлһߵ
ʱﵽ˸
˰뵽鷿ˣʰǰ
筽ԭŵվ
Ҳϻֱ⣺ӣҪ㾡찲ǰͥ
ǲ˵ãҪСĹ滮·ϣѾ뵽䣬ôû뵽筻ż
ֱ˵Ѿ޷ٵȣҪǰͥ
ﻹҪ˵ʲôȴҲĴϣӣ飬ȥš
աü
ŷ֣ǰֻΪԷŵ̬
δԼǿѹ
мУǿƳ֡
𣬷żΧ˶أȥλһļҪγˮ
뵽ΨһĿԡ
筲һУҲҪǰͥ
ǲλжˣСʵ
筲ԣջ赹ˣ˵ǿסҲֻϰ¡
һ̶ܵ
Ҫǰͥ
ٵһ졣̲ס˵
ٵһ죬õȷеϢ
筺ԥһ̶Ȳˣʱġ
ֶ룬ܳл
ϾҲ֪ԼʱҵSĺˣ֪ԷУǷǣ˿Ľҩ
ûеĻ
һ̶ȥԡ
筻Ҫ˵洫ٵ
һüѾ𣺡
Ǿٲҵ
ߵſڣţеľ˹
ʲô筿ݣ˵ޭΪλݣޭݵر䣿
û뵽յϢ
ǵʳӽ߹أҪˮ·½·
ԼĽʡ·˷ѵʱ䡣
ޭһֱΪӵľصأû뵽Ȼڴ˴⡣
оʵݾǺģ
ν˵Ҫ뿤ᡣ
üʵ󽫾أ
󽫾ոճǣǰǰӪˣЩ졣
ü˵ΪҲ֪£
˵һֱڸϣǲ߶š
лĲ֮˴򣬹ѾӪλС
֪筴ʱǱ޷
ʱͻȻȥǰӪ޷ϻ
ޭݳǻ֪ô¡
һʱ顣
Ҫǰͥȴ޷һУرޭصء
һޭб䣬ǵݺܻܿϡ
ǰʲĻָܻӿµ
Ŀǰ˭ִ֣ʵ
˵ν
Ҳ͹ġ
筺ԥ˵Ӫһˣӣ鷳ڴ˴һ
֪ҪҲд󣬸ϽӦ¡
˸ϻӪ
֮󣬾ͼһᣬ˵ޭݵ飬ֻȥˡ
û뵽һͻ˵
ޭ𣿡
˵ͻľʿǵ󽫾ȥǰӪ޷ʱϻءʿ䣬ǰȥ
ЩţΪλᷢʿ飿
˵ޭر̰ḭ̄˽ʿĶ޷ͿʿԲϣʵǻȥš˵ƺʹļף˵ȥ
ŭʿԲϣֱдسǽ˭ҿʵǻĲͷ
ޭҲǱ߹һҪ֡
ҲҿִǴˣǰһֱԭ˺
ϢȥޭݾǱķ⡣
رǻҪתվֿŴ
ޭݲֿ⻹дһͷۡ
˵Ҳޭʿǻԭôʳսʿȴֻܶ
ž·жǡ
ȻЩʳҲǸеľȴǴ󲿷ֹӦӪ
ͬΪ߾ʿӪʿܹԱ㴩ůȴֻţܲԹ
ʱһ˴⡣
筵ʣھûбĽ𣿡
УȻȥһˣˣӪý˭
˵֪е漰л䣬ЩʿͨˡϾѾɱͷҪôһߵڣҪôһܹ˳֡
̰ȥ¡
ǣǰܹǸˡ
ǳ͢׷ĿָմӪӮⳡ̡
ĩˣ̾һۿžҪˣ޷ʱֻ¡
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һ
ա
ޭݳﲻأ˿ӱǰһ֮ڱɸϵ
Ȼ뾡취⡣
ٶȸ׿ϵĵط
ˣųȥֱ
Ȱ׿͵͵뱱ͥ
ڸǷţ;¼Ǻţޭ֮£ǻϡ
Ըϵû
Ҳһü
͵һҡͷû⣬ûһ
һԵġ
ҵǰޭݣ筴һһ¶ģ;ˡ
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Ҫǰʣֻʹһ˿ǣǰЩˣЩĽʿȰ裬˿
⻰筷ҡͷ
˵Ϊ̰īľл䣬Ҳܴ̫ýʿΪΪѹǣӵĳͻ
Ҿʹǧ
һЩҪĲȰ裬ǧҲ㹻ڻ筳ˡ
Ҵˣ·ϵг̣޷˷ѵģʱ䡣
һУ˵Ҫ
һʱ֮Ѿ뿪Ӫǰޭݡ
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ǰ筣ͣޡ
ʱ̫ȣ졣
֪Լ̫æЩֻܴĹǸ
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ʱ֣筴˸ϵվ׼ƥʱЪϢ
˲ۣҲˡ
ǸյվſڣͿ˳Ĵš
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ô£
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죬Ϊţ筻Ԯ
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筳ס
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筵ģ³
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̴ּ֮ˣͣЪĸޭݡ
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ҹڴˣޭݳ¡
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ƽڴˣٴ򿪳š筵ų¥Ϻ
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ЩޭݳǵȻû筣Ƕ֪ƽ
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筴ӻͳһöơ
ʱŵؽҲˣ㽫
̧ͷŶԷ
ؽ꣬ҲԼ飬ʵ˼
ܿ죬ؽ˵ǽ㽫ƿ档
дҶԿ񡣡筵ŭ⡣
ؽҲɾŰɣһλǳƽ
ǿ˳ţһǱֵļıء
ֻǧˣ󷽸ˣʲôɾµģ̧ͷֳŶԷһ䡣
ؽһ룬ȷʵ
ܿ죬ؽԴ˳ţֻһǰȡ筵ơ
ֱӸԷ
ؽƣȥϸϸһһ֮
ȷȷʵġ
Ǿ˵ǰλɫ׵Ĺǳƽ
ؽٲдܵ筵սǰϥأְð֮뿤ˡ
ԵΪޭؽСĽȷʵӦõġ
Ϊ˵ز˵֮ԶԷŴ򿪣ǽȥ
ϸ鿴ޭݳرһ
Ϊһж̫
Եòˡ
˵ޭݳǷ˾ʿ䣬ôسǽʿɫŷ߿ء
筴ǿʼһֱĴ䱸
ػǽʿû˿춯
ô£
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ָʲôؽһԻʵ
ǿĵ׵˵ˣ
οڲԭٴδܱˣѾϼңܻҵޭݳҰؽǸӣЦȴмֺ
˵ʱ۾ס筡
ҲԵģֻǺ棬ôһϸĵĹôͳ˴̵Ľ
£ҳʵⲻۿҪˣ֪ޭݳǾӪڵʿɻ㣿㹻ҹ𣿡
пĸޭݳʶ㡣Դϲоӽϵȵ֮󣬿Ǽ󻺽ǳѹ
ꡣֻԴһƬ졣
˵ȫһϻ㱨Ҳȫһ
á
϶Ծ
ˡٲԥ
һֱ˽ŵޭؽ̲סһ
˵ɳ̽һҪעⱱ˵Ķ̬
ȥޭݳǵسҪ顣
תͷؽ˵
ؽķԸҵ
ճ嵽ſڣԶĳ¥ϷŽ
ŴϴϮ
˻ʱһ޴ƺʲôҵ˳ǽϣ¡޴ҹɫеĳǳأ׳ѡ
ڵİգ˱޴ѡ
ǵϮż
侲ɳˡ
ˣһսҹɫ
ϳ¥ͷų¥ǰԶͷ»ԣΧȼŻѣԶƽĴ
֯һͬսضȵ
¥ϱյ磬ֻʴӰ۳ɺɫϯ𽥵ޭݳ¥ǰ档
ųѹѹһƬǵصıִɫ䡣
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һںɫͷϵˣ֮У
ͷһ¾˳ǽϵɫ׵Ů
筡
˿վڳǽϵ筣Ҳͬң
ڲա
һǱޭݳǼһޭݳǡ
ŽҹĻԵøɱ
˧Զľ룬ű˴ˡ
Ƕ뽫Է


171 .
ս, ֻǱսġ
©ҹϮΪľǴͻϮս£㲻ޭݳǵرϢĻᡣ
սһ
˶ս, ǳǽϵޭݽʿ, ǳµıʿ
һųս޲ʤı, ƴ, ǰܸ, ҲҪͨһʤҵڱĽٹ⡣
Ҫˡ
վǽ, ŶѹѹһƬĴ
ҹĻ, Ȼǽյ, ӰĵطҲֻгǽ⼸֮أԶһ㿴
ִж, Ƕ޴֪
筳ŵ£߾ֱ, Ԥ
ޭݳڵسǾʿ, Ҳ˵ڷֱϮʱнʿѾָλá
ѰĽ, ˿չ¶š
˵սĻ, ǶԷ˧δ´﹥ǵ
΢΢ü, ֪ڲʲô
˿ޭݳǵ˧ڸϵ, ղֵ, سڵĸЪϢ
֮ôϵ, öл筡
ǰޭݳ, ڳǽֵصؽȥ֪ͨ
ϵʱľǳǽϺͳ⣬ŵĻ档
ⱱôͻȻֵޭݳǣԾ
ƲŷԼʧԡ
֮ͻϮɵøΣϾӦɳճܱߡ
ԷֹͻϮ
û뵽ǧ˻ˡ
ջôͶޭˣ
˵˳սǵޭݣս;ϮʿݵĹӦ׼Ҳһ޴ս
һ˵óͻϮս
֮ǰϲľǣ֮Ѹٳء
ΪʳɫĮ
֪ԭ
ԭϽ󺵣ְ˲֪˶ˣ˵Ƕءټ筲ִеĺܺãҰ˽½һʳˡ
ҲЧ赲˱ɱӡ
һʱ䣬ֵʳӦϡ
ƽԵʳҲʲôӦһ֧ӡ
ټϱֿɺ岻ãÿ£ڼ½
ڲռΪһοɺҪԵҲһǿŽıֲ䣬ְܱܿ˲ʹ˷ֱ
ǿҰĵĳڲնԣǲɽܵġ
ƽҪʳʳܽĿǰȼü֮
ޭݱõѡ
ΪޭݵĳǷرӺ᲻ɴݣޭݵҪתվ
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˹͸¶Ϣء
𾪣⡭
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Ϊˡ
筵ʯڽ͡
ʯ˵ˣű˻δǣǡ
ҪӭսһԳû˱˵һֵĳ档
ǳػǺϵĺţñ޷ѸٶɹǺӣӽǽ
˵
˵䣬սͻȻĵܼ˵񶼱
ڣһХԭվǰıͬҵļֱǽ
ۿű۶֣ǽϵĹ׼
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˶ڵһ¡
ǸӦٳûг֡
ؽżģתͷ筣Ҫλ̵⣬ЩҪΪָӡ
ϱƽҪǺӵĺʱ筸ֱ̧ۣż
ŮƮҹУսͬʱ졣
ǽϵĹ뷢
ҵХ˺գ̶
ԨĶ֮
ڴʿżͬʱѸٵĵΣ
ȻΪܲʱ
Ǵ󲿷˶㿪˼꣬ڷֿ֮ľᣵıֲѸǰ

ľϣڵص
ģǲľᣡؽʯڿƳս֮ŭһ䡣
ľᣣװľΪڻĹս
սרԸسһͶʯ顣
Ĺԭ
ֻ˭û뵽֪ʱѧȥ
˫ϷսУҲǲ֪ͨ෴ǲ壬֮ϣսϰ֮⡣
Ŭѧϰԭսʽ
ЩеҲǴԭѧϰ
δСڲˣΪ֪ԷжҰġ
ľһֱǰƽη˲ľᣣڻͻ
ľȻ赲ʯͷ
Ҳȱġ
Ϊ»
ڿľᣳʱѾѸٵԣõһ֣ǽ⣬һֶϡ
ͷϰŵ޲մͩͣ˿ڻϵȼǽͬ׺ǡ
ųǽľᣣһܽһܣʵʵ
ż筸ߺһǽϵ֣ս졣
йһ˲˳ȥ
ľľΪϰŵ޻ȫݹͩͣҵľϣһ¾ͰľᣵȼճһƬ󣬻졣
ȻҲԤϵǻû𹥣֯ʿɵǰ
װˮƤұ˹
Ϩһ롣
ȴҲǴϢĹöԷ˲䣬׼
ǳ˵ġľͷΪˣ㹻ôҪһҪʮˡ
ʿɵ֮Ϊɱûڼͷϰ޲

ͬʱ
һ֧޴Ϭն䣬εΪ׳ۣ˶š
ıʿΪڸľ޷ʱˡ
˶ľ᣺棬ҪľᣵסؼĹ
û뵽Ĵɱ
ŻصİƣХ
ľǰǿľ壬һ֧޴ǰһŴֽľ屻ļͷ飬˲ķѡ
йޱƣֱƷľ᣺ŵʿ
˲䣬˲ʹˡ
ڲͬڿǰս̧ͷųǽϵŮһֱΪŮ֮ȡʤΪթƻŻӮ
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ܹڽŵսУѸٵҵ
ǵľƳʱû𹥣ڲѡǰ𣬱ɴɱ
ڶݵ֮̽˫Ľɱʼ
ڲٲʵֱͶʯ׼ǽͶʯ
ͶʯĲϹʼ峵Ƶǰ
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ԸңһͬɱУ
΢Цǰǣ޷緭ɡ
签
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׷棡
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վڳǽϣ筴뱱ӵɱС
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ʯͷѾššɳ˳ǰӪš
ףȻϣܹޭݱΧϢݳȥ
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ֻ֪Уƺбڼ飬ὫԼصĺ˵
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л
лӤ
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ΧԼδ֪ľأɻҪȥ
ҿдʱ
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һҵSˣһԽҩӸǰ
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Ӱֻ˴һ£߽࣬㿴ݣ˾ˣɡ
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ӡ
͵۾ſڴٵ

ڴߣ޹ģϸŷеһС
亹꣬󱳺ܿ챻մȾһƬ
ڻ
ǿűԵվ߹ȥš

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û£˵ɣôˣüͷʣѵֿʼˣ
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һ֮ޭݰյ
ôһ׮⡣
⿴ȷʵͦ˵ġ
Цֻʵʯؽںδ
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ѾϢΪα˻ͻϮޭݣΪˡ
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筴۶һա
ιĻټ޸ʱ䣬գֹ
Ϣ޷ʱݳȥֻԮʱ䣬ᱻʮա
˼ɿ죬ȴ˿ԡ
ɥĻǧڴ˿˵
ˣţλô죿ֱӽŷϡ
Ŀⶼϣһʱɫ졣
Ҫ˵ĶȻܡ
һƽܻһǰյİΣ
ʯ֮˱ŭΪȻ˽飬Ǳ˵顣
˲˵һЦŲ۵ĸȻ죬ôһ仰˵ˡ
˵ˣصס֮ڱɵȵӪ
筻ˣѹ˵ǳƽǾñ˵ͻԶ𣿡
˳Ĭ
ҪǴսڼ筻ҪЩЭᵶЩ˵Դˡ
ֱ޲ɼ
ʵǿ֪ΪγڲҪҪ󣿡
ʯ˵ȻΪڳңڲ磬δؾ䡣ЩӱУмơԣȥʵǧӪʿȻԸ
ʱñǳҪһ
ʯһдʣǴ˲˵С˼
˿ڣǾ٣вĹ١
˵ЩؽĽʿǣֻὫ˵Ļֻʱƨ
Ĺȴ˼ܶһˣȫˡ
ؽ˵ĲһҪԭ򡣡
˷׷׿滹ʲôҪԭ
筵ֻأһֵԼ°ͣһ˿޿κεı飬˵ǾǳڲմˣԱʵǰĽĺܣ޲Ҫزԭ


һҪžĳĬ·˲̣˵ı飬Ҳ̡
վŵɫ糣
Щ˵ûʶ
ޭݳǵδ뿤ʵǲ֪λʱˡ
ЩҲǵã治ɫ
գգ۾һ޹λĪΪڴţ
Ц绨òɫ㣬ھԭְһɡ
ǳǣ϶ܱסԼһ˵Ūԭ筿αϣŪǰˣЩһϲɱӣǻǵĶϰΪ֮ǾĻ˱λľܾʹ˱ȫ
ɫأ֪筲Σ
߹֮صİգڱʹΪһֱɱӣ޶
ڲôƮƮһ仰ģ˭˭ɵӡ
ԭС̵ˣʱٲ̧ͷ
筼͵Ļ˵Ĳࡣ
վȻᣬȴ˼ɭ䣬˵ҷλǶ֮֮ҲֻһΡ֮˭ٸҶһ˿öͷҡģѶ̫ƽҪնˣҪն
˵գְγŵĳ
һ£Ա߰ŵĻƿӦ顣
һصĻƿ˵ػޭݳǣŽһ߷Ϊͬۡ
վرǾнʿ׷濤
筸ʰЩˣ˺ڳаſӿ룬˵ҪҪ
ü
һԵϽ˵޹ҥԣ
һԲ
ȴֱߣȻҪȥա
߳ſڣֵѹѹһƬˣӽֵβȫǰա
ⱱִΧǵϢѾ
ϣһ˵Ϣ
ǳƽޭݣޭݰմⳡ֮֡
һҹĺɱڵİյһҹ
ִΧ֮Ѿû˿ѡ
Ͼ˵˫ȣǾ޷ӹֻҪ׷ϣһᱻɱ
ϢһͬģһΪ˶ĵϢ
ǸӣȻųֻҪԸ⽻ƽĻ˱Źޭݡ
ϢβĶ
һЩ˾ȻڽֵϰҰţһͬǰÿǡ
ʯ̲סʵղ˵ģ
ʲô筶ؽкøС
һμʱԼȻЩȴʮ渺ҲǸɶ˲š
˵Ǹڲ㣬Ҫȥԭʯ࿵
ЩԾ㶼ţ
ʯ
㻹˵ͷͷǵ
筴Цڲս֣һαɱĵ۰˼ǰӪ˵᲻޲ðǧУҪԾ
ʯŻ˵Щ
ǲ˵ЩôܻסЩˣ͸Ž
ʯŷ֣ԭ̣ôƭˡ
ѲƯĹóƭˣ
筵˸⣬ͼѾš
ʯȰ˵ǽͣЩնδˣƫҥԣҲ⡣
޷˵ʲô
ߵſڣվڸ߸ʯϣһſͷȺ
ǰѹѹһƬһſ
˶ҪûԸȥ
ҪػԼļ԰
λǳƽ筡վ̨ϣ
ȺгƬ̵ɧȻ֪һŮӡ
û뵽һϸ־Ů
筴ʱϵаһ£ϴǦȴͬӭʢĽʻãʤ˼
筻£һߴӣһǰСҪ
뽲筿
ߴﰫ˵ӣλһҼҵķţ˵ҹıִǳƽޭݳˡ˵˵ˣֻҪǴӦǾͻ˲
˵Ļ˵óҲǵһ
Ⱥдͬ˰
˾Ȼ˵ĹţƻԸ˵ÿǡʱԿ֣ǵĹǣÿǣʱƣֻԼǵĸĸ޶
һ˭˵Ĺ
˵ĻȻȺ˼ĺ䶯ǰҡҲˡ
筳ס
ԭ룬Լ˵ЩգԼ
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Щ˼˵С
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ֻҪһţǽޭݡ


172 .
ڲչɢҥ, ʹֶΣޭݳǰ֮Ĺϵû뵽ȴޭݰոŽһ¡
űٳ, ˶ûлҡ
ֻ֪Ҫס, ֻҪסޭݳǣһõԮ
䡣
˵Ͷʯ, ٴνٽصĴʯ, ҵ˳ǽϡ
߾ǳصĳǽǾӹ, ʯҹʱ, ǽ廹Ǳҵĳرǽ, 类˺öࡣ
ģЩֹӣôʯͷʯһ
筷, Ƿޡ, Ҳ˳
رǺڷԵ˶Ǳ
侲ڳ, ʿ͵ȡģʯͷȡ֮ġ
ǵĹҲ, ʯü˵
ֶƷмҲ첻ôܹʿʹõĹ
ֻڱ˳ʱ, ùַż
һҪȵԷ˻Ǻӡ
ľ޼Ҳֻʣ¼֧ʵ᲻õ, ļ֧Ϊɱﵡ
ޭתվøһ
ûüӪء
Щʳ㹻ȫǰճϰ֮ãϸ񿴹֡
ͳһȡ
ڵ߽ľȫ
ֻҪ˫սڣЩϳǽ޲ֻղֱ꣬ʯͷһˡ
վǽͷϵʱÿα־ӿʼʯںǽʱܸоǽ
ڲƺҲףӪڶʱڣӦԮĿԡ
ұִȻթ
ò첻ͣͶʯǽһǽҲҡҡ׹
ڵϣڲձָ档
ڳǽָֻӹ֣û𹥻
˫˭ʿһ
ÿһγ棬ķǴĹޭݳǵľѾ˲࣬Ҫء
ڲղ֪ʱͻɳͻϮš
ŶԷĵһ̶ɡ
ޭݳʮյУزסš
һñ̤ţǱؽɱ䡣
ʱǧˡ
תͷųǽϸ߸Ƕģɫģ϶īдһ֡
ս졣
ʱһ˧
سǽĽʿȻȥҹ֮󣬳ڲһ֯棬˶ϢҪ־̣ǾǺĵס
նĻ˳ǽ˵
˧ڴ˿̣㵣ǣҲй¶һ˿ӡ
筴δߴδ̵̹սû뵽һĻŵСгһգΪ̤Ƭս
֮ͷûзɣԽ
еĴ
سһֻܿʯǽͷֹĳ·ߡ
Ϊ˷ֹԷƶŴɹǽ˴롣
˵ƶţʯʱˣ筶ЩҪƹ
ĵڲյ׵
ƶţҲԭĹ
һƶţٶɹǺӣֱŷ档
ҹڲڻͻƶһֱƵ˻ǺӱϣŵѾá
ֻܴٴγǳ棬ñɺӵĹ򣬶ŵһΣһɱһɱһ˫
Ҳȷʵû뵽׺ˡ
Ǳֻʱ˺
˺Ĺ򣬳ǽָӵؽǽϵʿ׼Ļ͵׼š
űľװǽĻ͵ںϡ
ͨŵʿϡ
ܿ컹üأӺ˵Զı筵İϵ⡣
ڹŵҲûõ
˴ȫˤ˻Ǻ
筴ڻǺӵһߣŶԷͷۻ巽ʱһ
ԭ̵ĻǺӣһҹѪˮȾɺɫ
հ죬վڳǽ¿ʱһǳɫĺˮΧڳǽԵ
˫սˣǲݡ
ǹǷسǷÿһڡ
սѾ˽
ѪɣѪɺӡ
ݽһ㣬Ѿʧȥ˼ļֵ
ȴûһ˿壬ΪսֻػػԼļ԰ΨһģǱǳأաջգÿһʿ
ҪÿһҪмֵ
ϣٴγڳǽϡ
ʯСȰ˵һûôˣҪǰҹ
ҡҡͷ˯š
ǻ˵һҪýʿϢạ̃ʯż
筳Ĭ
֮ԲұۣΪԼ۾Ρ
εл
￴Լ˵һԲ
⼸գѾŬԼȥл
֪ǷмĻᡣ
һϲôɥͷǸξʼԼͷ
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ĸ
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Ͼҹ֮²Ҳ޷
ǶسǵĽʿ˵̫Ҫ
˻ͣǾ赲һһεĳ档
ѾΧǵĵգÿڳʱ򣬶óûԼһǡ
֮ǰʿ˼߱ʬ塣
ڴں󣬽ϵѵ
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ǲѵķӡ
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һ֪ԼΨһܹϣӪľԮ
Ҳ֪󽫾ǷѾӪ
ҹ֮筱֪Ѱһҹ
ΪǵķѴҲֻʣһС룬ֵܵ˵γ档
һǵĹͱľˣڲһ᲻һг档
طƽ⣬һҹ״ơ
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ǰùˡ
ѾкöҲһ꣬Ҳкö˼졣
⼸ǳʿǱʯġ
ԭһʻˣһ߾ʬ塣
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ǰҹĻ̫ʲô
ҹɫȪʯţ;ޱö
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иʿһ֣ǲЩˮ̲סʵ˵ģ
⼸գҶˣΪŮӣȴѴСڡ
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󽫾һԼȳ׷ˬһЦʹ˵סޭݣһλȾƳ⡣
á
á
ܿǽϣһһӦ۳ɾ޴ˡ
ǰᶨҹսˡ
˵ĹҲѾֹͣ¡¡ײǽ٣֮䣬·ڼž
˶֪Ǳǰ
ɽХ
𣬳Ƭҹɫ¡˶ը
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ֻǲһܡܣԽǺӶ
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֪ԼܼУùǰһ˽ͷ޲ϻͣȼȥ
ǵصĻյʱյ硣
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֯˿ʼͶʯ
εƶ̫࣬±˼ܣҲиıƵ˻Ǻߡ
Уôţ㹻Ǵû취ֹײͨŵĻزסˡ
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ܿ죬ʿźŽǳ筵´
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ڲյ̫ߴͣѹͲزס
ʱһЦץסˡ
Ц̧˹ȥҵһ̣зӳĹơ
ҵ͹ȡ
ϣ޷ʩչģ˿վڵضϣʹ
ڲǰ筽֣϶ԷвĵҪԸĻԶԶ
筵㡣
ΪŮӣԿ졢ɡᣬȴԶ޷̡
ֻҪס筣ҹ޷Լĵѡ
˵ĵٴνһ𣬵Ϊڸٵײһ𣬻Ľڲյߣ˵ұɱŮ˵ġ
ջسֱɨĲȴֱڲո񵲡
ٴ筣۾˰ĽƻͲ̣˵㲻һǽ
ɱŮˣǻɱн
ڳڲձֳأûһ˿ֻЦͷ˼ôϻ
䣬ڲѾ
˵͸筵㡣
ĵ̣Ǿʹĵ
筷˳ڲյһ㣬ٵȥŷֲԾΪԷ߳ȥ˲䣬סСȡ
筱һ޴ͬϵڵء
סеҪӿڲѾγذס
ǿóסذĹ
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̫ƽӦ䡣
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ԱһĻǰȡ
ǸյǰȴѾڲյױס
Ҫʱȴֱڲץס֧˵ֱۡ
筵ֱ۷ѩ׵ĳ¶ţ׸򣬽סϸۣ͸żֳ
ڲЦĶߣ˵գҾɱĸס
۽߳ᡣ

ĵ׵ĺޣһ̳ױŷ
ǲһеŤ壬һֱѾʵĴ졣
ڲռ𾪵ǰŮͻȻѧĺиϱԾȡ
筴˿̱Զһۣѳڲյ
һڻ䡣
У׼ڲգǴ˹ȥ
κλǱԷ㿪筣ɱ˰˼˲ʵֶΡ
˵꣬ٴ
ҪŤĲӡ
һ̣һ˺յ죬Юҷ磬Ҫһеƣֱ
ڲ񴥾˲䣬㿪һ֧
ɾĲϻǱƤ⡣
ʱѪע
ȵµ˷ӦǽϵĴʿѾ޺
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ڰӿŵ˳ӿԮ
筼Ҳԭء
ΪǸˡ
л
ô
񱼶һ˭޷赲УŰƣЮ
筡лԣֱ
뻳У
筱֮лսӵɱС
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ͻȻ, ս֮˲þת
筴˿ϣȴ˲Χս֡
Ťͷ򱳺ˡ
, лгһնʱ, ƺоľٶߵ
֪ɱ˶, ڽڰˡ
еʼɱ, սϵ, һۣ㲻ɴݻ١
ڲҲһ㡣
Ȼһˡ
лδ׷ȥ, ձسǡ
˻صУѾ΢΢, ˶ڻס˽סˡ
л, 筱
ʱ, ܹϸϸա
뿪ʱֽ԰׵ɫ, ݣȴƽվǰ
, ָŸ
ۿһº
Ӥû뵽Լܻż㡣
ţš
ʵѾˣ׼
һ, زṶ
Ҳս
лͷ, ͻȻסգȫѪֻۣۡһ˫ӣôڷ⡣
һˡл˵
仰ʱɴ˫Ҫϸʡ
ȴΪһŤ壬л˲Ծ
һʼڣֻһֻڶһֱֻۣʼմڼ򴦡
֡лֱָۡ
Ҫ˺󣬲
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лٲ˵ñģҿΧˣѸٸ·
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Ҳһֱûи˵ʵSΪǣ˿ЩĵزԻ˶ģػǣ˿ܣ¶һ˿ʣµˣġ
筽Ͱ͵ΪʲôҪ㣿
˵ˣΪ㣬л˵
ԭһֱڴУѾԼĹҡ
ˣҲһֱ筡
ڵ֪ѡǰޭݣƳ˱ҽҩҲ˲õԡ
ʾS峤ǣ˿Ľҩó
һ֮䣬һݵĽҩ
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ӵĶǳ׽𣿡签ϲʵ
лס
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һ̣лɫ΢䣬ʣأ
ȻҲˣҺӤЦֻЩ˵Һ֮󣬾;ˡ
лͬס
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һ˵Ļȴסѵڤڤ֮У飿
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󣬱Ҳ˲ԼƣҪϳǽ
汱ִɻδˡ
Ҳ֪֮лֻǧǿӱޣ֮⣬еδϡ
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ڲЦ˭Ҿģұɱ٣棬ޭݳڵľеѾһգһԴޭݳǵĴš
ЩҪɱ筡
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·˳ڲͷħϣҪޭݳǣеʳ
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