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ϰߡߣҶȻ
İ
˶ʮ꣬˵ùûسֱһ繷ʺ
ȿ·˾Ҷ飬˿ȱ̬ÿշ
Ɑȵһǻˣݡ
һСʱסΪʲôΪɫ

ⷢģûҶźˡ
ùǣǣҶһ¹ʣԽƽʱա
ܿ죬֣ⷢʱպԭʱûĲ𣬳ˡ
߹ܣҶ飬Լµƴˣ
û뵽⵹ù˶ʮ꣬ŴԽһзϰ嵱ϰ壡
ģ
Ҷôĥ---
Ɑȵһǻˣݡ
һСʱסΪʲôΪɫ
ӽˣɣΪĦҲ͡
ʹʹҶﵽⶾ˸͸Ȼ󡭡
ȻҶһ𴩻ԭʱա
С糡
´ȨյҶ飬ʹڲҶܣҽͣʵԸ㵱һ
Ҳȱ
Ҷ ЦЦȱšҿͦС
#ҲĲ#
һ仰飺ְֽζϰ
⣺ְŮ־ܶƴһƬ
ݱǩ Խʱ ְ మɱ 
ؼ֣ǣ⣬Ҷ  ǣ  


1 
Ȼû˯ã˿̵ľȴ䱥ԼĲиŬ£õһҡԪϰܵõ˾ķʽˣ
ְһɹõĿһοţ
˵ʲô
˵⵹ù˶ʮ꣬踺أҪʼ߹ʺ𣿣
תΣһ·Ǵøϡ
̶̵ʱȴѾԼĺŵװˡϰǰļֽʰḳ̌͡ԪͶʷЭǩž׼Чˡ
ǮⲻܰѸĸǷծԣõķ⡣
ԼõġԪҲӵһʶȹȼü֮Ͷʿѽ⿴õĿȥ
ȡԪһ·ɳⲻܳΪ۹ⶾ֪ĴͶʷˣܴӴϮٻƽӵұò֡
Ϊϰ򿨻ӣϸεϸڣǶ·񱼳˵
ֻҪݣȫڽͱסˣ
ֻƽʱ㣬ѾˣҲ֪ô£ݼ䣬Ҫţ½һˡװͦ
Ǻģ
̫࣬ͱģҲΨһһеע
һ˲䣬ӵұϸڡ

Ǯˣ§ұߣ
һͰٻһ
˧ĻãҪ˵Ψһ⣬ϵıе˸˸оͦǮģܻҪ˦ɫ
ְǵĿҶϼͶʹ˾ӵһҵ԰ҪְǽвҵͶ̣˺ҵ϶࣬ƽ﹫˾Ҳû֡
ԼĸС졣
ǲƢȽϲͦź
ⱾҲֻһ룬ֻȫڽֻϧݷ·ҪƵģȻˣҲסزˣ
ľ飬ʱȥ˾ˡ
ԼȽݵģȻǺԶȥһ
ȻﾹȻû˶·ŵ˭ܲȥ
ǸˣȻһҲû˳ݵԾ
ôУ
ٹӣҪʧȥȫڽˣ
ԲֵܣٺÿҲȲٿ޿ȫڽʵð
ؿ˶Էãһ𣿵ݳˣȥһࡣ
һ£ЩȥԷΪԣʶԶλһˣôҲܼװɵˡ
Ȼû뵽ǣԷ£˽һۣӢһмɫҲûУһȵĽλʶı飬ȻȻ߳˵ݣʾԭȳߵĽŶˡ
ֿ˽һۣ΢΢ü㣬Ҹʱ䡣

ûеΪʿԾôҪôͣ
Ƥ
ȵľһ̣
һ߳ݼ䣬̷˵ݵĹżȻڶԷŵĿ˵š
ȵһ·ϣ˵ʤĵ
ΪƤҪսʤ
޴
ս޲ʤģ
**
Ȼ˵ݼС⾹Ȼڿڴ򿨽ǰסԼȫڡ
յλϣûü̾ԼˣͼƽʱںȲ迴ѪͥƬֱ˾Ѱһæǰæ
ƽʱʱ״򲻶ҪӾģ޲ñϣʲôȻһĳ̬
Ϣͨͬݴ˹ѹڲϢܹʧܣҹ˼ŵĹ㣬䵽ʵȨӹ˾ȥˣҶ̫ӽռλΪǰϳΪֹʳܣȻϴǦϲӭ
˵ƲƲ죺νĹˮĽɽӢǰµѪ
Ѱһ㶼ѰΪϣȣڱԼҲǺ֪飬ȻܲΪܣΪ٣ΪԼͨϰķõпڽԱϿɡ
˿̣ӡ﷢쭡
⣿ˣٵˣҶܵʱһӼֵʮһϾͻҶܰʮԵҶ𣿸Ͻɻ
һܲ˵ط˸ۣ͵͵Խ˵˵Ҷ鳤ó˧ģ㿴ҽ𣿲֪ŬܲܳΪ̫Ҫһ¾ǰϳȥˡ
ȴû٩Щֻһ£֮ǰĿ
بŲ߲
ͬOẠܻûǩֵģҶ
˵꣬ĳĽļ磺֮ǰǵű˺üĿҶܼλˣĻˣҪǽܸҶ¸ӡͨǷַӵ£
Щ˸
ҶܣҪȥͽᣡ
**
ȥֲױԴ˴죬˵õϰᣬȻȡˣ
߽˴칫Ҷܽ첻ˣʱ£֮ǰǲźܲ
ҶܾãǲŵԱ̫
ˣһҪ˭ôûʵģȻϰӡ󣡸ҳף
Ȼûеġ
ЦУûǰɣǾ͸һٱѡǾûʵˡԱҴӡˣ򹳣ڳƱ

·
ȻûãʼƱ󡪡
һֽѰ
һۣȫʲôΣ
һƱ

˵ڶֽƱ

Ʊ

Ȼգ飬ͶƱȫƱͨѡȫûʵˡ
˽Ȼŭϰôӡأ²ǿЦ
˵ûЦȷʵĿȫûʵˡ
ϧȻϣ߳ŭͷְѵһ٣Ȼţûһֻ»˴칫
ҸԼɫȥǱϢˣǸȥҶϣۿǲŵԱȫݵĻǣ˵ǲԱ̫ûˣ
ݲҶܶʶǡô֪ǲŵİ
ΪҶܴӰ¥ƶӦ㣡ˣ첻ҳ˭Ҳ°࣡
ԭ֪ϸϸʱû룬⼸֣ͻȻඥ
Σ뵽ˣ
Լϼݣ˸ºʵһ룬ϵݺ󣬲ûа¥ţǾ˵Ѱ¥ҪȥģͬǼװһҵ羫ӢһҶ飬ҶĿһУ
ϸ룬ʱϰҪŻȥĶ⣬ֻʣĿˡǸûʵȥ㣿ȻܣǶԷпܾǺԼͬһ㡭
ǹȷʵǰҲûûʵˡ
Ϊ׼ʱ°ؼң⵱֪޲㱨һΣҾþеģΪǲʵǳʣûݵ£ǲ㿪̸ⲿԱҶΪǲԱˣ
²ǳãǵ˾ͺã⣬㻹ǵ˳ʲô𣿰˸ҳоݵҶ˵ȷʵǲŵģ
⵹Ѳ⣬ѧԺ廭רҵҵģ滭׺ǿͻ˶ԷФ
һ棺˳ô˧Ըԭûʡ
мһˣСᶮƨѡҪѡֳģ˧ܵԣ⣬㻭㣡ɨ£Ȼѵӵңҷ˾ڲ̳Ŀף˭ԼĿͻ̫ˣ˵ĿԲͶǮ
˵ĳЩʱԼĿҲһģĿҶأԼȱ乬ˡ
ٵؽ˲˿ΪԼĻǶޣ˿ʱ䣬쵽ˣǵ㿪˹˾ڲСȺļŮͬڼġ
ϰĺ˧
ҾͿһۣģǣҲҵĸˣķϰ壡
죡͵ĵģϰʱˣ´ٺúģ

еģ㿪͵ĵƬȻ˶ˡ
Ҷܣ
ǰ

ƬӢӦͦǮֻ˫۷ڡ
ɿܵߣһǸФͼûϴɣ
ݲǸڲȺ˲֪࣬ǵ˰رر̱˵ͬ½ٱ˵ʼϢ
¾Լˣֻһ뷨
ӡ
Ȫ·飬زٹµ


2 
ҳϴˢԩ´ˣ׼ȥ¥ԺSPAάԼġɫϵ޷ɾĽ̻̲ա
һߣλϰԾûͦ󡪡
µʼ𣿡ݾֻһ£˵⻹ֻǿʼ
㿪ʼһۺӪˣսԴһ룬Щڣˡ
²Ǳ˵Ҷܾǲβ󲻵ȻҵͷҵƱҪԱĿǰֻ˲ֲţĿȻĿǰûбģ֤֮󡭡Ҳ֪ҪῪ˭ܲΪˡ
˵ģȴһƬ
²ҪϳնˣԼҲҪѳᰡ
û뵽ⱣסȫڽȴҪʧȥ
ýܵǣҶǱڴġ
ǱҶҼӹ˾˾Ҳȷʵںܶ⣬ڲϵ۸ӣϵ٣Ҳ࣬ҪĸʵУսˡ̫ӡ˾üܲǵӺ͸ĸľġ
ֻǡ
ֻҶ飬ȫа
µʼ˾ŲԱĲ⣬жԸ߹ܵĵڡ
Ϥҵ滮ʵٵܴӹ滮ȥרдҵĸķӪڷҵܣ򱻵ȥרŶԽ߷ҵҵвҵǳĵвܼ࣬Ūȥ˸һϲͨĲҵ滮
ֱǣ˭ʺʲôλͰ˭ȥʲôλ
Ҷ¹ѻԼ̫ӣֱҼң
Ǹʡ͵ĵƣǸƯĲݰ
İ̾ȴݽ˸绰һ죬֪ͨ˵СʱҶܻĿӲ죡

˫һڣԼӣѵֻʣСʱ𡭡
**
⣡л갡SPAѣҴ˶ʮ绰ҵ綼ûˣʲô˵
Сʱ߻˰칫ңӭȥҪͣ˵ǡʱݶһҶҲˡ
λ·װһͼ۸񰺹װŷİʹһ㲻ԿɣúãߴֿõĿͳĵȸӱֱ޳ȫߵ·ӣǽûǰż˿ҲӾʢĳУ·ĿΪˡ
ģۣӢ
˧˧Ŀ˧
ϧһ͵鶼ûУƴͷĬĬ
ǰҲֻԼһϰ¶࣬δܼסԼ
ܼҶ棬뿪ڽܣȴŭشˡ
ð㣡ҵˣƷôģҲûãƽʱô¡أҪȥ鰡ôɧѹʲ
дʵ̫ԭˣһҶ飬ϳˡ
ǧ㣬û뵽аԵˣ֪ͻȻѰ·
ָҶıӲ˵꣬Ϳ۸ҶѴ͵ܼࣺϼͣǶô꣬û뵽㻹ԭߵģҰĿԩļиץסˣ
ܼ˵ᶼˣҪֳΣǲϴˡ
ᣡԼһ˵ͷ޴ڸеĽ⣬һͬ׳Ҹ
ǽ⣬ѧģͼǽһ񣬼ǰٷ֮ٻԭ㲻Ҳڹ˾ڲ̳𣿲ȻһӰҰûʵץסİɣԺҶǰһΪԼġ
һ̣Ҫ--ֻ뱧ھ
ɣ
˵仰һȫʬ
Ȼ䣬ҶĿͳŽɨ˹
ֱҶܲҪӲôûðûʵŤ͵ҶǰǲףҪ֪һǲŵĴʡ
Ҵ꣬ͱĮҶˣѰϰʱڣչ˾ƶȣһ¼Ч𡣡
Ķˣⲻ𣡡
ܲɣÿ¥ԺĴ¥Ȼ½֤ݣһܼȥԺʲôĿʱ䡣ȻȥˣҲ˳ǰĵŲһ飬ǰǷҲϰڵ·һ۷Ч
⹫˾£û˸ôսǧȨˣ˭㣿
ູܼ£⡢Ҷܡ
ˣˣͬ±ҲΣΨҶ򶨣·Ե
˳ǣָؿ˽һۣȻ̵ҽһ£ҾҶ顣Ժ󼴽ֱӹʵĿϣһ죬ǵĸܹлûʵҡ

У㻭ҵФ񻭣˹˾ҶЦЦ˵ú񣿰ٷ֮ٻԭ
ѾӴָ˹ȥλ˽Ļͽ⻮޵ҶܣԲһʱȣ˽ߥ޺Ͷٱ
յһսֵܣ˵һգ̫Ҷһ壬ûϿ̿򣬾Ͱѽˣ޸ص𺺼ˣ
Ҷ鿴˻ЦЦûӣͦõģû뵽ĿôвŵԱ
ϰϧţвܵ˵ĹƢͶײҲܰݣҶ̬ȣǴԼˣԼƾµõ̫ʶ
ִ£С̧ͷҶڶԼ΢Ц
⿴Ƿƪˣ
ʱԼǲӦõл
ҪڣͼҶЦûȨȨϰʱ仭빤޹صФ񣬿ۼЧ

⣬ݲȷʵûʡ
˼ϰ֪֪ʡַ·תˣ
ҶЦЦַӴ˽Ļ룺ԱϰλԱĻº
Ӿǹӡ
㲻֪˭һҼ̡ղϻЦһ룬ҶЦ⣬²Ϊ
»һŽ⻭Фɫõ۾еı˲ƥ䣬ë̫ˣҲԭֵͼҵԱҪϽĻȫƲǰٷ֮ٻԭ
ҶиɻЦ£ǵòҪռϰʱ䡣
иλϣϣõʵģְ
˵ЩɨһˣŸܼˡ

ͱ̬
ԭΪԼѾܿһ͵ϰˣû뵽棬̬һǫˣ֪ԼУԶԶС
ֻǽ²ۣݺ༸ŮͬȴҶıӰһ㽡
Ҷܺ˧
˵ϰζֱǿӾһȵӾǻʵƣ
Ķ·̽һ̲

鱻Ĳǣ
һȺ۳׸ߵķӣ


3 
ҶѾ֤ݡ
ǾŵŻصҵġ
ʵ⻭ܿ죬ͲסҶϸڱִ̬ţǽë̫ˣͷ̫ˣ۾ɣҪ󷵸ɣ޸Σǿ
¥ʧޣͻˣϹҲûеݣںڰ˱Ƶ¥ݣסķš
ͦ䣬Ҳûܰȥ
ҾͲԣĸС⣬һǰְȥͻʱضȻԣICU˼£Ȼ˾ȴҲˣ⻨˼еĴ˳صծȻջûظĸ
ĸˣծڣֻܴʹŬ򹤻Ǯ
˯ǰ⿴ԤȻ裬˿ϽǶԽ¡
ڵھӽִŮѻؼҹҹˣעǸƽҹ
Ȼĸýϱھҹ˶һڶһ磬¥ھӼҵĹְѽѡ
˯ۿϽǡԤ׼ȻˣӦûͦˮ˿©ŵѾˡ
ҪΪⶥ¥©ˮ⻹ûٱٿء
úֵϾвꡣ
ֻľʤûܳһ룬һͨ绰ְԭΡ
⣬֮ǰסԺ飬ڼá彲ֳ꣬˵Ǻˣпչ̸ԵľԲӣߺҲûٸˣ
⼸꽪뼸ڻծˣԼֻʣ¿һѣֻס
ԭծսܻˣɼܲסʱǮ⿴ԼпҲ֪һʱĶǮȥ
**
⣬쿴²ڲӦƸ֪ͨˣΪҶƸеʽ֮ǰȻڹ˾ڲѡһλһʱ飡
С˵ﶼôдģܲǻᱻʵСҪȥԣҾûҶܿϣÿ쿴ҶܵҲȿǿ
ݺ༸Ůͬ¼׼ȴȫ᲻
ΪǮ⵽ǺЩĲɡݵĻҲֻɨһӦƸ֪ͨ
Ҷˣı̬ȼȣԼҲԲġ
ǿţһѡУǰλ嵽ʣ⣬мЧ𣡡
ʣ
һˡ
Եģ
ֻҪֵõģ
οҶȻеѴµԹ˾һϲͨǸݰݰöԸ
ֻҪ˳ëȾϰúŪֻҪԼƤʺƨĵǷƨѧϰľҵû׼ܳŵԷʱʱöԷ
֮ԼĿҲɫͨˣ
ҪǣͳʣҲԼ̡οһº׬ǮܼصԼԭĸλ
ԣºһ𣿣
У
**
⼤رصȴº
û뵽º̫࣬½ӰĶԾҶ鵱ʱĻᣬ͵ѡôϸ񣬸ֲϽ⡣
Ҳ̾˵ѡͶʲDora˹̹ҵģܸɵù𣿡
Ҳ˲ⷢƵĻᣬֲԼˡ
ֻû뵽·תһܺ󣬸߾׷׳֣ⷢº֪ͨ
ѵԼҪתˣ
ȫţѡң
²ܼ˵ͷǣҶҪĽ飬ϸĻϸˡҶܵʽ¸Ѯڣٴ֮ǰ㵣ʱսᡣ
սᣡ
ԸսṤʵϰ壬ôǱ̬أ·ʹ
ǣԼϸԽ磬屶սṤʣ׬ľԽ࣡
Ҫʲô죬ȫ޷Խӣ
Ϊˣڶһ磬ͼݵȥָҽԺ죬ȥϸڡ
Ҷ鿴ͦû뵽Ա彡ͦעġЩĿǹ˾
ֻǵõʿӡĿϸЦˡ
˾죬ĿϸҲһֽǵһμһһĿϸ
ȥѪʱ򣬹ǲѪܣʿó˶ʮȻԷּһ

ڶϸڵ⣬Ϊȫһٶ飬Ѿˡ
**
󣬴ΪϸҶ档
Ҷİ칫ҺƸУûܵĺľΣõĶǼŷʽԪأſݻ䣬ĺгͦ
ֻҶòһһĺãϧ죬ҲЩ
⣬ϲ㣬õ˳ΪʱĻᡣ
Ҷ˵仰˺ܳʱ䣬õ⻳̸ǷѾԼǷӦ볡ҶüЩõûʲôҪ˵𣿡
˵ʲô
ҶЦЦͱ磬ܳΪҵʱûһЩ룿ϾԺṲһңϣ㲻Ҫ̫ͽʲô˵ҲҸõ˽㡣
Լ̿ʼƨˣ
аɣ
ǳĿȾִĻſھллҶܵĹģҺܸмĻᣬû뵽ΪʱҲôõĽ츣
ƨľ費¶ǣҪϸ
ٽû뵽ҶôĽԸΪҵ컨ôǮôĿ
⻹ӣͱҶشˣҲϲĹգϣҵΪ̤ʵ˵ֻ̽㡣

˽һۣеʧ
ĵִˣ
˭Ҷϰأŭԣֻõͷϴ
Ҷֳס°ͣʵ챨Ҳûдﵽȫϸϣҵʱ֬ܿ18%ң19%ȱӦƸߣѾǰνʽϸǰֻǿպˡ
ȥѡھ֬ʺ͵ʲôϵ
Ҷ֪ʲôƵģ˽һۣ֬ʷӦһǷճֶܿһ˵ǷɣǷԼҪְϣɿƺͶҵĸҪǳΪزȱʣһضã̸ʤιˡ
ֿ˽һۣҷǳϲ°ؼҾڴµˣ֬˵мֽͿʳҵʱԼҪҺͣƸ¼㡣
ֱ뷭ۣҶﲻ֪˼伲ӰΪÿ˶Щϰһţ
ʳΪûǮˣֻɳ
ֶͶûеݣ¥ݡ
ԼĵȷȷҶֻؼҾɴϵˡ
һˣ˭ܽö
Ҷȴ֪飬ֻ򴽣ܽ᣺ûʲôҪ˵ˣùλʽϸڡ
ϸڣôУ
⵱ʾҶܣͿϸˣλҿʱᡣ
Ц屶ʣҲ٣
áҶ鿿ϰ˫ֽؿڣһȶ⣬ͨĻϸڡ

⵱ллҶܵĺ⣬֪Ϊѹ⣬Һܺãܲܲ
ȻС
ҶЦ£㲻Ҳġ
ȻеӲôȷʵҲе˸ж
ɽֻϽϸǮ뿪ٴͼ˵Ҷ飬Ȼؼ
ں̬ܶ濴ͦõģŤˣ㲻⣬һΣա

ԼһٶҲǡ
Ǹܵ˽ѯʵĿ⣬Ҷ˵ͷûִˣܶѾ̬ˣҲһ巽紫ȾԼȽҲвҵĽ
˿ں裬ֶԽЦ£Ϊάݹϣúñֽ
ãԼԭҪˡ


4 
⻹ûü飬ȸһȽ
⣬㹷ʺ˱ҶѡϣɱΪԼѡ֮˰ܲѧҪɸˣһѧģҶĵȥҶܵǲŵ
ԭҶȥԷˣΪʡǮûȥԣ˰ӶԸţû뵽סˡ
Դӵ֪⾹ȻѡΪʱ󣬾ûɫڽ⼸춼ĿĹһֱûзйʱڰ칫Ž⣬һûͿʼƪ۵Ĳǡ
ְpuaʦˣϲȥҶǣ̬ǧҪƽ浱ԼȮˡʱζʱ¸ڣֻĿļңǵ壡ҪǲͥʲôϢҲһʱҪһ㱨
ڲ£ҲҪģϾһºͻҪصǲŵġ
ս˾ʱÿÿʱ⻹Όְۣĥ˼꣬ѧˣ治ɫͷǣΣİɣΨһ쵼
ûкýΪһ⿹ڻʱ䣬һƴֱ⾫ƣߡĽǣ칫ҺһûˣһĻɲʹʧ
ȺѪĶУѧ˱ʵ
һpuaģʽԺھͿʼԶѭ

ȻĻشǳ⣺ѵô£ҿ϶úõġ
ֻûü˵꣬ͱԶˡ
ͦǷڹơ
Ȼŭֻǻŭڿ˺Ϣˡ
Ҷվſڡ
̶ЦҶܣôǲŰʲô¸Ҵ绰浽
ҶЦЦǸղʲôĵúܿĵӣҿһ𣿡
ҶζıֵΪԶԸղһĻ̸֪ģȴ֪ʣɼҲͱϰһӶˡ
ȻҲ⣬Ͼû˻᷸Ϊ˸ײԱвֲġ
Ȼ˵ѾԼҪʲôڴһ̣⻹Щʧ
⵽ǶµģҸ̸Ľ˳ˮ۸˴̨ףͼԼһ˿ڣҶܣڽѵСء
ҶϵǿʵԾɱԴ΢Ц
Դϴκ󣬾ڿ˼λϰƨҶⷴӦΪǵõҶЦЦȻ˽⣺СôأôԳأ
̲߰סĸпѧˣҶǰӪ󣬼װԼԷӽˣ
ϧܿ죬ý֪ʲôʵֻɫҶҲи֣ԵӣҶг·ϣ˼䣡ԵʲôãһҪӣ

֪ȣ˿̽ҲǾˡ
Ҷ飬Ц⣬СͦëԺҪҶʱֻԼûúý̵񲻺ҶܣʵƽʱҲκȽܶ಻õϰ̫߰Ѹġ
Ŀ󲿷ԱʶǿҪ˵⻹бѡƼ
ҪԼƼĵϵˣ
ƽʱԼĿҲˣοʣԲ
ճսش˺ƤһսҶȿ˿ڡ
ող˵£ԺҪúã˵ǴЦģЦѹûʲôҶƯ۾ͦģôõģ
ǣҶܣҪýȥߣһٸģǲƣᣬ߶ࡣ
ҵ۹𣿡

Ҷ鲻ЦˣƳ˽һۣѡѡôǱ۹
ʵ˵˲䣬һݵĻҶֱ˵ʱǺ˧
û뵽ƨûɹ˷۱ɫҶҶܣҽ͡
Ҫ͵˼Ϊˣ
ûû
Ҷ·ǸETCɾгһԶ̧ܹȫǶֻ֣ܳױˣԭ̨ʣ񶼵Ҷ
û뵽߳ƶ꣬гһվҲ˾С
ϰ岡Ҷǰֱһ
Ҷ˦껰ֿһۣ㻹ʲôѵ˷ҵʱ䣿
ƨҲҷһٹˡ
°칫ֻʣҶͽˡ
ްˣֵԼˡ
Ҷλ޲𹥻ϰ岡ȻҲûŹ⣺Ψһ쵼
ǿң̬Ҷܣѹû뵽ξȻҡΪҳͷԺһҸã
߶ʮһϰ嶼ϲñȰѹذñӸҶȥ˵һ£ⶥñӣҶҲöԼ΢ôһ㡣
š
ϧҶŲһˣȻص˵ͷȻԵѰǲҲõġ

Ϊá̫ãһʧԼڶ⵽˾ͬµļʺż
ҶЦЦҲ֪ȷʵʱģһºͲٵˣ̫ã߲صԭĸλϺ۸ֵ͡
ɲء
Уұһ㣬ҸղҲά㣬ֻάԼƷζҶָؿ˽һۣ˵Ϊڴӡ

ҪǿǮķϣԼҪˡ
ǳȷԼӦҲʱġ
ƽ͵Ҷܣҵʲô𣿡
ŶԣȻ״̬ɣЩ
йˣһӴ˾ĿҲǴӾӶ࣬ӴҵҶߣǸݰƽ̨һԼҲܼѧ㶫
ԺѾճԼ踺ҶҵͻͽĳͼҶЦЦشԸ
ȥһȡ
͵ǹ˾пȻҶܣҪʲôζģҸ
Ҷҡҡͷϲġ𣿡
ϲ㲻Լȥ𣿣
⺬ʼʱĹְдǰЧʡ
ûС𣿡Ҫһ鼰˽-񡯣ᡣ
еĶҶܵ˼ǣ򿧷˽-ǿжģ
ȻûСҪ˿źãЧʸߣ򿧷ǹ񡣡
ɡ
Ҷޱؿ˽ۣͼе磺㻹벻ˣ̫ˡ
ΪǮԼꡣ
ֻתȥ򿧷ȣҶŶУԺӡ
ǰɡѵ䣿
ǲܵģҲǷ⽨šҶջЦһ̾ͳ뵽󡣡
ң´γԶȥˮ䣬칫Ӧñֹ״̬Ѱ˵Ҳûȷʵкܶ⣬ϸ˵ʵҵʲ̫ϡ
ҶЦ쳣ˣȴ쳣Ƿ⣺׷ʱǱ˲һĳ̶ȣԶĲһŬ͵ġ

ˣ£ԺҪٴˡ
㶣ǴŲʺ𣿡ɴҶ˵ͦÿİ
ʺ㣬ʺҡҶ򴽣͵ɫһСʱ

⣬ϣʱֻ̱ͨͨҲϣҪʵ㴫ҵ̫ԭʼˡ

УӢ𣿡
ΪתƵ̫죬ЩãȻҡҡͷ
ҸһӽͽAnnaˡ
AnnaҲ̫ûʶ˰ɡ
Ҷܣǹ˾һֱҲûлӢϰߡԺǵҪǿ鿿𣿡
Ŷǵǣֻҿ»ҶЦЦҪϢҺԺͻȻһʱ֮ʲôοҲ̫ãûʶС㡯еϸָо

ⲻǱ˵Լ𡭡ӢҲûõȥ
⻹ͦϲԼAnnaͷšҶܣӢû⣬ܲܲAnnaҲ̫ϲ֡
ӢǸţһ㻰˵ˣ˿϶ûġ
Ҷ鿴Ҳ˽⣬һ£˵ͷˡ
ýAnnaˣһ
ûüˣҶ㲻ϲû£һºͲýAnnaˣAnnaǸУ԰øҵʽ̳С
һӢ𣿻ΪǾλأϮ
Ҷ鲻֪룬˽һۣȻΪ˷Ҽ֣˷ҵʱ䣬еAnnaȽʡ¸Ч֪Anna

ϰ岡ģûġ
ҶӢģҲܸУϣȫûжԱؿԣֻоԷ߸ϵĸӡ
˿Ҷת뿪ıӰֻһ뷨
񰡣ϰ߰ɣ
˶ʮ꣬ǵһμҶı̬


5 
ҶָĿȵ빫˾һξ룬꣬嶷շ糾Ͱѿȸ˻
ֻǸն˵Ҷİ칫ңҶ鿴һۣŴѿ˸˽⡪
ⲻҪġ
Լû
Ҷýеţʼһˣѵʧʲôϸڣ
ڽƴ֮ʱֻҶصǻˡ
ںҿЦ
ͷۣĸǻˣ
ҶƳһۣϽǣǸë̫ˣƻУʧҵˮ׼һӵ˵Ρ

Ƿܽʧܵû˲졣
ⱭҲˣΪѾˡҶ˫ֽЦЦ㵹˰ÿȻһûľˡ

ſȣޱ뿪Ҷİ칫ҡ
ݸƽչʱһʼϲģᵽǮ׬ʺѳԣ⻰һ㲻١
ʵĶٺϰı̶̬ȳȡ
Լȥһˣ
˵ûĿҲԲˣ
ôô¶Ƶ˽ǵһμ
ݰӦúܺúҶûݰ£
**
Զҵģ⵽ҶıûúͳѰˡ
ᣡ
ɫõؿ⣺Ÿʲôȥ׼Һ͵谡
ͷĿѣԣ֪һѯʦֳԵﱾͷ̲꣬ס죺ΣһǰǸ׼Һ͵ΪʲôҪ
ݺ޼ֵĹڴ֮ǰݸģԴӽ˾󣬾ɺ󱲵ˡ
ǳ˸ɶ˲赹ˮӻְǱ򣬽Ҳȫܽܣֻ꣬ĺ󱲣Ȼ׼鹤ƽ
ҲûȻеģ˲赹ˮȻŮ´ƸŮˣȻһֱɡ
ôͲܶ˲赹ˮˣѵְŮԱͻһ߽ϵĻ䵱ź˵ĸɫ
ֱըˣԭ˲赹ˮĻֻŮеġ
ĿȽϺʣǰ滹ǵŮúڸˡ
̫Ҫˣ϶ԵΣŮʶС

Ŀʱһ˵ǣ³ɺһӿͷҲǡʱӵҶ΢š
Сʱļ˶Ժá
ûûллȫʽ
򶨵ذֻźãûлظ
ûһᣬҶ׷˵绰Ӷӡ
ȻʮӺҶͳ˽ǰ¶Ҫ㣿
װ֪ģԲҶܣոҴ绰ˣ˼æŸε׼һʱûֻ
Ҷ⣬ȻɫؿԼûûţԼָָ⣬Ǹ㵹𣿡
ŰˣǵģҶܡ
һжȻϰ岡ҶżҲģԼԸǲе㲻¡
ֻϧûüжҶרŸҵģ

Ҷ黹أԲˬԺ㲻ǲҵʱȸ㵹Ҳҵ裬Ǻƽƽˣ
ҲңҶܣҲˡ

ˣԼӦöҶйڴ
ͷͳҶ飬룬жҶҲѶãԶħħɡ
**
Ȼ⵽ūۣ˵ĳǷǳǿģ˳ͨԣ̬ǳʽ¼óҶʱ
ټ飬ټи߲㿪ᣬӡһݣȫ¼
Ҷ鲻һ仰£ֵʵʲ֪ж
ǻԤȷϣڵͶӰȸ豸ȷϺöʱʹážϯϯ׼ܿ죬ϯλðڷȴ΢Щ˷мλЩſһڳ˲أǾԵ˵ġ
֪ͨⷢʼҲȫûõģΪ󲿷и߲ܸʼⲻòһ绰ٴȷϡ
Ҳˣϯ
Լ˿ͻʱͻˡ
£ݼˡ

в㻹ȽԻӦʵȨĸ߲㣬бͲҶˣЩҸڣЩҲǽ⡣
ҶȻǼ̫ӣΪǳսȻܷڣһǣµȻ˼ȵߵĵ⡣
Ǽ߲壬ǴλϾ׼̬ȸҶˡҶ鰲ؼɢ̫ӡͺãҪֹ˾ʵȨ
֪ͨһȦ߲㣬ֻһųƲλᣬʾҪٵСʱ
Ϊټˣ֤ĳϯʣ⼱òУֱǳʧ꼰㡣
ȻʱҶ鿴߲ϯλͳһȱϯɫҶ鲢ûҪٴ绰ߴ٣ֻǾԿ˻ᣬȻƽһöذը
ûˣԺҲˡҶЦЦ֮ˡ
вȻˣҲĿɿڴ
вﲻ߲ߣ˳վһûҶӣҿͿһҶܣҵ¾޷ܣڻѵ浱Լ̫ӣΪ˳߲
˵㹻ûźӣ˺Ҷǫ̂
أԽţҶ鵹Уǳĵλв㽲꣬ȻЦЦʲô
ֿ֣
ֿϺܵˣԽԹ˾ڲ˼ʹϵһٶȻǼ߲õģͷ̶ɱв塣
ֿȴŭһ鹫˾ȫ嶭£Ҷǿعɹɶ˾ǴսѪôΪֿھ͵һͷְ
Ȼпɽв̷ַָͣҲ޷ܹ˾Ҳְ
Ҳǣ

һʱ䣬᳡ڴְһƬ
ҶԾɺܵȻûֹ˿̵Ĵְȳ˵µ绰ֿҪְְ
˵绰һֿҲ֪㲻Ҷ԰ɣ˵̬ȣһΪҰĶӡ
ҶȻǶӣҰҪǻʵۣҲ̫˭ǣ𣿡Ϊ췴
˱һջŵϣһӾ΢ЦĿɿڴֿԳȥˡ
Ҷ鲹ϾְˣѾǹ˾ˣμӹ˾ڲ鲻ʡ
ֿȫûϵչЩεҡ
Ҷȴûֻǻ᳡˳߲Ҿ񣬲ġֿ˵ֻҪұΪͻְǸйˣԸˣһʼȫ¼Ҳʵ¼ְֿûоò𡣡
ҶЦЦ췴³
һˣղŻ˭˵Ҫһְģ

ֱֿƹһַǸҶģ˴ԼЧϾѲڣսһ˾ûо飬ᣬԲҵи߲Ŷӣֿһ¶Էá
ֿƻҲܺãһҶ¶ļͻ̽¿Է̨ףʱɽ𻢵ЧѾɣұͽ⣬Ҷʵ´ҲôǿƷѡ
ǺܿϧҶǸ̬Ų˼˾ӪȻǸ粻𱩾뿪˭˭
йȻݵù˾Ӫһң˾ҵĺҲǿ㹻Ǯûи߹ܵӪǮҲյһ²о£²о£ֻҪĹ㹻ߣ齨ŶӺ͹㡣
ÿһûǲģҶҲǲоͻҶЦЦҴģֻҪǮڶǵĸλͻͬ档
Ҷ䳰ԲҪüְвҡ
еְԱŵ壬඼Ӳģཻߣɢཻȥ㣬һϸƵǿȨ̾ΪԱһɢɳˡ
ûκٸ˵ְˣʶҶ鲢ǿЦЩǺ֪ܿͨ˸߲㣬ûһǼųͻݼٵĸ߲Ͷ½½ˡ
Ҷܣûӵ֪ͨ
Ĳ֪û֪ͨҰ
ҶȫƣƢãרУӣ߲㶼ְϺ꣬ѺڹͿ۵˽ͷϡ
Ҷ鿴˽⣬ʦô֪ͨģ֪ͨ¶ã
ٿĪ硣
ô죿˵Լʵ֪ͨˣǲǵ߲㣿ֻʹڹ
ʱڵһԼֻҪҶѯԼǷʼ˵绰ܱ⡣
ȻҶȻϰͨΪûдӻ˶Թƽһ֪ȻؾټǼһ֪ܸͨ㶨Ҳ֪ġıɡзǶôѡ
ûѯʣ;Կ˽⣬ĬĹҿ߲飬˳ٵˡ٣˭ֱˣɱΪ֪ͨλҿˡ
Ҷ䵭´ٳ͸ˡμ̣¼Ч𡣡
Ž⣺ƢãǮ˲Ǹò𣬶ҶԲǸ֣Ҳû˭ֻһԭ򡪡˭ҲҾ
˵ǰͷְô£ҪộҪô
Ҷ˶٣Խ⣬ΪʱԱԺҪںҹ£ϣסһ㣬ҲӦˣϣѧӦҡ

ʲôûȥһ̡
ûΪǮҲ൱̣СйоصĺѧҲûôи߲汻˲ѵ⣬һĺȣίžǷͲƽֻܴܵ˺
ְڶȻ꼰Ķĵײڻң
ƾʲôҪҶ򹤣
ͼǮֲҲĹˣ
ҶܣûʤݹԶǡ
Ҷİ칫˦仰
Ǯ׬ˣ
ҶȻЩ⣬ü˽һۣû˵˹ظԼһ裬У·϶ûǸƵġ
ۿ˵ͣнˣ
Ϊ˱̬ȣߵѹ̵ĹһҲܲȥˣѾ֪ͨˣӦǣң
Ҷ˿ڲ裬ڳһϰˣ˽һۣʮ
ҶЦЦ¹ʸ㿪ʮЧҲۡ㱨һҵమõѣܴӦһֵ󡣡
˶٣Ȼ¶ûʲôźǷǴ㿪ģȻҪְѰɡ

ʮۼЧ
ȵȡ̿-֮衭
򴽣ԲҶܣղźЦģûְġ
Ҷϵıͦζղ˵һҲȥˣ
⵭Ҿһ̡
Ҷ²豭㲻˵ѹ̣
治ɫҪ̫㣬Ҳ̫Һһμ穣ÿʱÿ̶ԼĲӰ쵽еԱ֪ȽͣʶҪӱܣо仰˵úãмһԼӦӭѶϡ
ʲô
躹ޱʵɽˮ
ҶǺᣬ˭гأ
ƿһеȻһ㲻ӣǴ󷢴ȱı飺˵ɣʲôȤãѧʲôҿԸ㱨һáȥǺãǮұ
ʲôãԺһƬհףϲ£ÿ°඼һˣĻоȥչã
ҶʡǮǶԼĲ̣
ʱ벻ãǿһã
صλ˼ȥѧʱڴ򹤵ľֲͻȻඥⲻǰ𣿣
㿪ֲҳ棬ֵ꿨Ա
Сʱŵ˵͸ƾ֤Ҷ칫ҡ
ֲҶ˵üʲô
ĲҶܣǰǵԱȻûɹҵҵమãֲܵõʵ飬泩·ҵޡ
һΣҶ¶ʵĲ죬ЩһѾؿ˽ۣȤûͦء
Ȼô˵ˬظⱨˡ
õǮҲûߣ򴽣Ҷ飺УҶܣ֮ǰ˵һҪ𣿡
ҶüҪϧᣬܹ֣ھˣ
š˵ͷҪһĵƬ
Ҷ鱾ΪԼ˵ҪߵõѵٲҲǸ㶨ʲôݳƱ֮࣬û뵽ĶҪȻֻҪһԼƬ
ȷ
ȷ
ΪʲôҪҵƬ
ΪϴλФ񣬺ܶϸڻĲãƬġһܽ
ҶüһĽ䱸Ͳţ㵱ɵ㵽ҪƬʲô㵱Ļѻ
ҪҪƬµͷҲֻӲͷƤ˻ѣҪƬΪҵģҵҫҵϰж˧
ô׼ӭҶĺǳ⣬û뵽Ҷ鲻ûˬؽ˽˵ǡ
Ҿˡ˵İãΪ󷢴ȱƬˣҪΧ±Ͷѡ

ˣǶôֶͨôŰ
˭أҶѣһΪ˧Ϊ̬
**
Сʱһ°ĵ㣬͵͵ҶƬʴʮţȻؽ˰һ°ĵ㣬塪ʱȥֲˣ
ֲģͦСڣ֪˲࣬ҲûӪÿԤ
ʼǱȽ߼ѧԣУ԰̳֪ƸְϢŶѧιӦƸû뵽ΧɻãԶҲ൱չˣĹҲܷ񣬽ѧУ߼еʲôʱ٣Դû˵ھֲʽԱеĸʱҲһݡ
һЩҲЩпȥȻֲȴõϰˡ
񾭹ֲ꣬Ӫˣרҵǰ̨ӴԱǳС㣬ҪѡʲôСл𡢴г𣬳嵵ѡ񡣻ԽпɷйĳԽ࣬ҲԽḻ
Ҵ𣡡˵꣬ͳҶĲգЩϣ
ʮӺ󣬽ⱻ׼ϵĴ𷿼䣬棬żɳ϶ѾĵҶƬϻų󴸡ȭ׵ȵй߹ߡ
żɳ⣬дװȻ󶼳Ҷ
𷿼ԤǮ࣬һּǮһֻĳҲ࣬װԶϷÿһ϶ҶǷ
߽䣬ЦЦһ󴸡
**
ڼ߲ǰҶԼһȾƣԼĿա
һʱе˼˻ξƱһرԼķգȻҽɱӺȷʵ̫·ӣҸϵĲȻܿԭҡ
ȻҸһҪȻҪһҵƬ˵ʲôҪҫɵ𣿻˳Լء
Ҷ˿ھƣ̾Ҷôˣû뵽ǻǶ㣬ϣĹѹ
ҵమ⵹һӷֵ㣬һ֣һܻȫҶЦЦϣúû顣

**
һߣֲڴ𷿼Ӻ꾡顰˶ţűġ𡱾顣
ԳҶɳŹ򡪡
Ҷ飬ҽ---㣡
ɣ

أ
ë

רҵģ


6 
һҹѵоԼöˡ
ֻҶ·а취ӿ
⣬Ҷ֮ǰĿˣҵĹˣ϶Ҳ˰ɣһԷף
һ磬Ƕ˲ǵˮòװӡҪõʮļֱҶ鷢ļһȫ״̬ûоⲡ̬ȫ״̬һҳȫ滻Ϊ״̬ⲻòװ滻
ôڣûüڲOAϵͳݵĻڴص㿪ϵͳ
⼸źҶ飬ûҲܼɣô˸죬ݵĿˣԼ׼ôõĿӦҲ
ֻǵԺϺһȥļҲףʱϵͳɫ֡
δͨ
ôû
Ҷûϸ
ĿĹǾ׼ѡзչǱĳĴС͹ңͶɷԱļЧҲС͹Һչҵҹ۹ԽãԽܺ׼ȵҳǱɣսԽࡣ
һĴС͹ܷһСչ׳ɹ˾ӪʵؼĻݡ
ֻҪжغӱݣԳڵͶʣùŶܰĴõûǮԷôĿ;زۣƸͺڸŶӣƷΣټԴƹʶӪܶĴСҿһҹ֮䷭̡
һһΪһƷͷʱѶķͶͶˣһƷͶ̸Ҳǿơ
ĲľǰɸѡЩСһûͷ֮ǰȰȦǷҲͶʡ
һĴҵ԰ÿηĹҶܸڲȼѻ߼פǵĴҵ԰д¥Ĵ
Ĵ๫˾ǿԻģϷ˾˾ǿǿϣĴҵ԰ҵ̬Ĵ˲ŶۼĴҵ԰ͱ̻ˣΧҲܴγһ̬ҵ
ѧ廭Ƶģҵ˽⣬ҲΪо׼жϣһֱרעҵķɸѡ
ύġԪңòھģʴƷ⼸ǿһ۹¼ܹ;ûᱬ
ֻԪҪòͶʣĿҪˡ
˽룬ҹд˷ݿʮҳķPPTڶһ磬ϽҶ칫ҡ
ҶܣڡԪĿһ¡
ԪƽʱգܹӴֺ룬һƽʱòͬƽʱյ˶Ԫƽ֧֣ȫһǳصӲƻƷݹĿǰļƻƷõ˺ܺõг߶ԿƻƷģֻƷ໹ḻǡԪĿȫԳռƻгδڰȨӦҲкܴռ䡭
˿Դƻƣ±ҲǳȤһλʱһ׵ʧҵˣԽƽʱպԼƿҾĲż̳ˣֳ˺ܶЦϰٳǳйɸЦ
˵꣬ϣ⣬׼ĿδгԤڷ
ǳܿʵоݵ˵Ҷ飬ı⡣
ֻҶ鿴˽һۣȻЦЦֽӷͼûУÿˡ
ü˽һۣҵʱҿ϶ǻͨڵġ
ԺҲȥֲҶˣĳЩȷʵζ֪ԼҲҹˡ
ֻ׼лҶ飬Ҷһôİɣ
ΡǷЦǲܵġ
˽һۣƾʲôҪ
ƽҲǣ
ɣɾǣݹǺÿҵûɹκһĿû۹⡣
ԼûÿοϵĿһǰڹҷչԽͻְȨĿߵԼ³ΪԼKPIӵңǽɸѡġ
ԪΪģСûӦȥǽŬͼˣ룬ǻȥ״̹Լǰ
ȻԽĿߣҶ̶ǳȻȽ⽲ֻ꣬ƽغ˿ڲ裺ΪʲôÿαĿĶ㣿Ӧ÷˼һα⣬Σǿ϶⡣
ԼְȨߣȥЩң˼ҵȻˣԼ£ôӲգҶʲôۣܺ
ɡ
ûʲôǡѵҪ˵𣿡Ҷվϵʼֲ˹ؽˮסһ仰߽ڣǿǫǡο㲻ЩҲĿ
תЦ£ƽʱǿƻãָ㶼ţûƽʱֶֻеʱµں˾ͳ˵ײֹ£ֻûĻûǰ;loserŻϲΪԼʱվϮ
⻹磬Ҷȴһϵķ棬һתһڹϵʱǶ٣
㶣Űٷ֮90%ʱɡ
Ҫ˵100%ֻѻû˼ΪԼشĺ̹ϣ90%ʱ䶼׸ҲѾ㹻õˮ׼Ͼ˻Ҫϸȸˮ֮࣬ȴҶıȴֻҶüȻ
Ϊʲô100%Ͷ빤أ
Ҷָָ棺пдûõĶǺúоôϰʱ乤Чʷӵ󡣡
ЦЦҸĹ100%ʱģֻ90%90%100%ֻ10%ǲľ޴ࡣ֪ģҲܽܲԴӽҽÿӰһСʱܱ֤100%ʱ䣬ҸǮֵˡ

ýٹֲˡ
**
ϧû˳ֲ°ǰͻȻٻ
⣬ɤӵһԸ͡
һ룬е̲סԼҶʱȷʵȮˣһëεΪԼԼԷˣ
**
Сʱ󡪡
Ÿʲôȥһ۽⣬ͥãûʲôᵽԷɣúóԣ

վɳСԵ⣬еظܵԼ޴档
Ҳǣָͳĺ˾ʮɳСԣѾļˡ
ֻǵȽŴôҸͼسſڻ˻֣
ſһˡ
˽⣬ܵҵֶϴοǹ˾ŽƬ㻹㽻ѡ
Ǳף
Լֶӷǳ⣺Ƕӣл鷿ĸ˫ְݹʣͬˡһתȻôãҲ︸ĸûмױûԸӴӴġ
õǲ󣬾ǿеϣԼͬ˵Ļǳе̫ż˰ɣ
ΣֶӶˡ
Ҳʹʮ꣡õͣ
ʮ껹ͬˣ
һ˵һ߳඼ҾҲû⣬ʮͷҲϣгȷʵڱȽоˣѵ˸Լܺˣ
˿Ҳ˽ۣЦƬÿ㻯ױ˰ɣʵûҪױҲõġ
Ȼûнһչ˼ӶԷϯ˵ͦһ
΢ЦòлȻԵ
ΪױƷжͨƤ͸壬һֱûױƷŨױŮģԺ׻ΣԺҪǺҽˣĺӣҿ϶Ҫġ

û⿪ڵĻᣬ˲˵ǳ󷽵ӣѰ壬ôҲƷѣ룡
˵꣬һֵȫϯ̬ȵ˲ˣһѼȳե˿һɳذ棬ɳС⽻±ըɣ㳦
Ȼв˼ûһ٣ȴһְԵܲðӽţڳ˸Ϊ˧Цôʲôͳʲôٵ㣡ҲЩǮ

ٷֱԵں൱̸һ·ڴԼ㣬ڽСѧ˶ѧ״ʱҶĵ绰˽⡣
зݲڹ˾ҪϣãСʱ͵ұַ㶨λ
Ҷһû°ʱǲʲô⣬Ȼؽ꣬;Թ˵绰
û˸мҶϰ岡
俴翴Ҷ飬Ҷÿ
˼ΣҶҼһݲϣллǵĿˣ
ǳ飺Сҿ㣡
һԸ⣬ɳСԵλƫƧСֻϽ˺ܾõĳûһӵġ
һߣô򣺡ҳͣڸģ㣬Ȼϲϡ
**
ʮӺûд򵽳ĽС¿ޱķĴš
ҶĵַǽıֽݵǮ˵СγȻԶɶС¿Ľ˵ɵȵҶſڣͱ紵̱ˡ
С¿·êˣҶıѾԶ˲ϱģ³Ϳ
·Ҷ黹˺ü绰ļпɼļʮ𼱡ⲻ뵢£˵ܵҶſڵʱ򣬾Ϳˡ
ҶҶܣҵˡ
ãŽϵͳ㿪ˣڴҡ

Σһװ޾ͺܹı¥ż²ҶڽƵ飬˳ܣĽּʵԼʲôʱסַӡ
ʮӺҶҲ٣ˡӹϣַϡ
ЩղƵҪϰɣҲʱû°ɣ
ûаҶЩɻ󣬡ûڿƵ鰡
Ǹղ¥
Ҷ룬ȻŶڿӰΪῴһжϣԿ˲
Ϸǹʱ˶ʮӾΪڿӰ
ˣ˵ݲʮ𣿡
ǰղͦ뼱ſġ
үҶ飬ܿʮӵӰòϣмԼ𼱻Ǵҹ
Ҷ˹ظԼ˱ˮǸղŵҺڵңһҡÿϸʱ̲ڽ³´лԾʮǰңڵңɲֶ΢Ĳڵңôˡ
ǷسЦЦȥɡͳֻ֪Ҹи
ⱾѾˣȳڼ䣬Ҷ˫ֲſڴͻȻһСʱϰࡣ
ԸаοԼҹӰϣҶȻ̬ҲǿģֻòлҶ
һúܿİɡϾÿ˶лҹιҵıġ
ʱ֪һ档Ц£һһеĸ߸ϣԽһҹߣȫ㣬һСʱ٣Ҫ侲һ¡

룬Լȷʵ棬ȫҶǸ򣬴ʱ˿ֻ̣һ뷨ҶĹͷ򱬡
׸ļ٣ҪײҪ̧̣ͷ¶˿յɫҶܣһСʱӲͷƤ򶨵ˮ׼ҿҪ侲һ硣
ҶϹȻ¶ǿҵȻ˵ͷҿ⣬粻ˣú侲


7 
ڶ죬ڼȹһѵе糿úøԼ˷ɨôһ㸡͵ðеͱҶĵ绰ˡ
AnnaҰ칫һ¡
⿴˿ֱŵ룺Ҳϰ࣬ˡ
Ҷ֮ĵŶ˵һӡҲûˡ˼ֽʻʼ֤ݿ֤Ļ𣿡

ûǰɣûоϰࡣ

һ·ʹҶ飬ò𼱻ǵظϵ˹˾ǾҵģŻҶʲôҪԼ
ֻǰСʱҶ칫⿪ʼԼ
ɴ۾ظҶܣղ˵ʲôҸʲô
Ҷüظ㸺ҵܵɸѡ׶󡣡
ӦøɵĻ𣿣
Ҷ뵽ʲôЦЦ˽£жĺ
һƽˡǡȵȡ
ǶΪʲôеܵܡ
Ҷ˿ڲ裬ȻȷʵǶӣܵġ
ԭˡһ㶼ϲƣҲ⣬Ҷ˲ô赹ͦ
ҵܵҲ˸û䣬ҪľǣΪѡʵĶ󡣡
Ҷ򴽣ҲôģҵܵܽŲͶԸھӵŮˣȥſ˼ϣ͵ˣýˡʱΪ˷ֹȥ˼֣Ұ˨ؼˡ
⡭־ͶھŮ֣ⲻǿ-δ𣿣Ҷܵôôؿζ
ҶȻϰ岡ڴǴϻе۵ģܰĵܵ˩
Ҷȴһûʲô̹뾡飬ȥɫʺϵĶ󣬶ҼѶԷƬϸȲ϶׼ҸɸѡעѪͳĴԡ
ſȻԼѡԼĻҺ°С˵һȻѪͳҪŵڻߺŲѪͳ
˭޸Ҷܵ˰
ѣµҶ飬ֻһһҶܣܵƬǷУ
Ҷ鲻ˣҪƬѡˣֵõѡǣ
ǽǮһǵġ
ĵļʣܵܵż׼ʲôģ
Ư۾
׼Ҳ̫ﻯŮ˰ɣ
ҶȴȫȻν㶯㣬ҵܵ꺢ӣҾҪȥˡҶ˵Щ˵ģҲ޺ˡ
⿴ٺŰԣһŮĺȨˣǰÿжٸͷǰƲġ
ҶΪԺٵɷֲƲֶ̳ˣδҲ̫ײ˰ɣȻõܵºͽ
ȻҶǶӣֻܵǸģû뵽δҪѵܵܽˣΨһֵǲõܾܵ󡭡
̫ˡԭôң
**
Ǵͷɥյ߳Ҷ칫ҵģȻкĶȥҰƯ۾ģҶܵǿ-鷸ƷвˣֻǸģҶֱ̬磬ⲻǰ˹ƻ
ҶҪȷ׶ⲻǿ
ûѵĹֻ¸ҵĴˡ
һϼ̳ҵ˽İ취
磬һ׻ᣡصڽ羰һҼ԰֯һ׻ڹ԰ڴ˷ǳλõĲŮֳǣֳɹ
ͲȥѱŮƭˡ
ϾҶ̫ܵ˵ҲһͰpass˲ƭٲУԼǰȥ׻᳡һ顣
ˣûϵԼҲ񡪡ϾѾṩ׻ᣬԼûסǾͲˡ
õֲẦˣֱȫ
**
׻᣿
Ҷ꽪ļƻ΢΢ü
ٽҶܣģֻṩƬϣ̫ƽˣοƬܻPS׻ᣬȫֳܵԷԽӣϲϵҲʵһͬܵܰѹء
Ҳ֪һ˵Ҷ飬֮˻Ϊѵص˵ͷˣ֪ˡһ۽⣬㰲źһ
ʲô
ҶȻҵܵܵ£ҶԳϯˣΪȻӦС
ĸˣҶĹҲᰴݼչӱս㡣°Ĳһҵܵ׻ҵʵĶ󣬶ĺҲᷭ
һһ㲻ˡ
õģҶܣ
**
ҶȻûΪøôһ㡣
һ빤״̬˺ܿ˽ΪܵæǰæͿ๦ߣֱ޶һѾ
Ҷȸĸͨƶȣԭûд°ϰߣĲܼƶϿĿƶ⣬󲿷ֲŶԴ˶ɢܶԱϣϰ඼ǳɢٵ͵͵ȱڵһץһѡ
Ҷһÿ¥װʶĴ򿨻Ҫ¥칫ĴžҪˢ
Ҷʱ侫ȷ֣Աٵ;ŵʱ䣬۹ʣһԱд¼ȡȫڽͼЧһгδ¼ģΥͣ˾ֱӿ
һʼԱҲƶ¹ѻջһֻ۱һֻ۵ģҶΥ͵Ա󣬴Ҳź֪Ҷġ
ûʲôӰ죬һЩɢԱȴԹص⽪⣬кü¥ݼԱڱҶܰƤġ
ڴǺ£Ҷ飬һ㲻ͨ˵ͿģҲе̫ˡ
һڵĹҶĿڱˮʽ½
ȫ˾3565ˣһ1234˸˲
Ա͹׻˫֮˴˵ǽһοô˸һ˴
Ҷϣ̾˿1234˸ҴûԤϵֽҪúŬ
˶Щüչý⻹Ƕ֮ġҵʵ¾Ҷ飬Ҳʡɡ
룬οҶܣƶȻͦãִǲҲԲôϸϿͨڣԵ񡣡
Ҷ㶣漴¶˷˼ı飺񣿡΢΢ɴƯ۾ΪʲôҪ񣿡
˵ҪŬ𣿡
ҵȻҪŬҶﵽһϵĲʡ

ͺʲôãֲҪԱ飬Ա˵ҺãȻ󲻺úϰ࣬кôǾǹΧ̫ˣҼɵҺúøҴ򹤣ȷԱ򿪷ʽ
Ҷ˿ûм⣬ǿü˵£Annaôôࣿô΢¶Ҫ޾ϸĻ㱨

ҪҶ鳣̬ϸڵĵزҲ㱨
ųҶİ칫ң˰칫ǰʼʼҶĻ鰲Ԥ֪ͨϯһ׼
ʱֻҪԤҶĹܻʲô⣬Ÿ̬ȣδȽ
ĹҲһˣ׼ϢȴҶƿ칫˹
Annaôôæʲôôоһ㶼ûʲô԰ûдڸˣǲǹ̫Ҫ㱨ĶûУ

˵һеƨ¾ͻ㱨㣬񰲾缦ˣں¿ɸɣҶ죬ƭ˵Ĺ
ƣҶΪϰ˴ëõı̬ΪǱ̬ܵϰ壿
**
ڲ⹤-һܺŵ㣬վں׼Ӽݡ
ʮ㿪ʼѾкܶ˴ײλȵˡ
ɨۣλŮԣҲԶԶûŮԸߣŮƯ㣬ĹҲõЩμ׵ˣһѾˣͦơƶǵģͷлġ
Ҳ֪ҶĵܵܵǸʲôݡ
Էһ⻹Ǿδѣʱޣֱ롪
λãϰĵܻܵμףҲǹΣʹȻҪһ㣬Ǹ̬
̫ЪԵ֣·δ졣ԲʲôӣһҪϵƭҹķϣŅ֣̀òؾܾ

תһȦȷڳŮԶϺŰ
ΣʮӼҶܳΪҶţûڳҶĵڶˡ
ܵأû
Ҷ鴩У˽һۣûȻˡ
Ȼ˵ȿܳһֻ

ҶèͷȻAnna΢Զ㣬ҵܵ
һûܵǸè
ǰҶЦЦСҵܵġ˽һۣü鲻Ƶô
ֻһѣ
ӲͷƤܵܲ𣿡
ǰҵܵѪͳܴǱĿСè䣬СﱣЭġ湺⣿
ˣȲЩ׵èأҶ룬ǲǺ˵ҵܵǽƷˣ
ǵĴ磡ؼ˵ˣ˭֪ܵǸè
Ҷȴһûע⵽ΣԵȻ˵Ĵ׻ᣬǽŮè϶ҲаɣҲʲôϡèߣȴȥʲôè
ˡ
ʱ˿ֻһ뷨
Ҷ鲻è߽˻᳡ʮӺ󣬷ֳûκһֻèʱڷӦŭžҪ
ϧδ졣
̬ף

ﲻӭĵˣ
ģû뵽Ǹ̬
ϰ̳Ź԰ɨصɨѣͻȻ˳Ҷк
Ҷڹ˾ٳưԣϰǱǲһҪŻèֱǱ򣬳һʮֻҡ
ϰһߴһ߻سŽл
ǸղŴŮ˵ˣлѣ
࣬Ǻӿ¶Ҫϵ˭֪Уϻгôı̬أ
Ů֮ǰͱƭˣƭаҼһһ

űҶ飬ֻһڡ
Լʧݣ׵ŮԣǹЩߵˣЩŮôòܾԼ񰡣
**
Сʱ󣬽ԴڿȹҶġ籩ꡱ
㵽ôµģ˷ұĩ͹
ⱻѵþ񣬵ʼٸߵҶҲûõȥĶװѾɨѴ򵽳˿ˣͷҲеңϻ˵Сʡ
ʼǣǵ˿ڣü£żָ⣺㵽ûӣǰҵܵܵƬ㣬ҲƶϳҪԼè߹סеܵܣִᣬ˭»ܵף
Լл˵
Ҫ˵˸ҾͿ϶ˣ˵ǽèһ㶼˸˲ŽҹèҽҲƼ˸Ϊ˵Ļèǻᷢ-ģҲˣֻǲᵼĸèаˡ
ҪҿһҶ˽⣬˵ѵһ᲻֪ԣ˵ȷʵ˸һݣ˸ۼؼèҲòٺöսҰԶԸ˳·ôèҵܵ˸Ǿʹ򲻹ЩҰèˣһҲڣҪЩҰè۸ˣ

Ҳ·ǽˣڽеˣҵıôһ¥У¥˯Ӱ졣
˼·ֱ޻˵
ֻͼӱĽǶȱ⣺ҶܣղҪקסЩϰ̸ȡʱ䣬ڱΧŴ򰡡
ҶЦû£һᱻ˴ô㻹Լû
дҵǸҶܣҲԣ˵꣬һת̽ҵҲﲻߣҲȫ𡣡
ŬΪ׼׻ᣬĩӰ࣬׻Ľ֧ͨ
ԣȻû׳ɹͿ๦ĩӰķϣǻһЩⲹġҶЦЦģҶ˼Ǯһ㡣
һ˵ʲôжĻҶɫһ
ҵǮҲҪһֲҡ
˱ӵָָԼϵ΢ˣҵ·ҵҵ󣬻˵ģô⣿

˺һ˵ĽϣȻ˼ҪӰѣҲҪǮǶĴ󷢴ȱһûı⣬ڣ̣ʧҵ



8 
̷ʧҶǰĽ⣬Сʱͳֲ
˫ﶼðŻ磬޲Ԥһ𷿼䷢йһͨԺﶼѾճԼαҶĻˣֱѧקʵ
⣬Щͽ
⿴˿ĴγѰͷ
Ϊ˿㳥ǷҶ򵥵ֲ꿨ѾȱǮĽͨԭʶͬۼֵȥˡ
ɱˮнԭָܴҶõĶˣҶΪṩ˼ְ򹤵Ļᡪ
ֲܺãһ㣬׼µĳͷ䣬ҲΪвٺںӪֲʼʱæ˽Ϥְ̣ҵæ̫ˡ
ܰæҲܸˡ
ֻǵŷ֣ʵûʲôҪæģӦֻΪչԼſΪԼóôְ
ҶѸֿ̱ǻҹĶ񶾼ĸȴעΪǵ
ͬϰ壬ȴֱ֮
콪ֲ༸ʵϰҪϽȥҲæϴͺһϽȥˡ
ֻǸշûţҶĵ绰ˡ
ڵ绰ͷֱ׳ָʹţAnna̸ҹ
ղŽԼʧֽԼ̳֣ΪԼǹ֮֮ȥֲϰʱ䣡ĩ
˼Ҷܣ˽æ㡣
⽲꣬˵绰һǳɰҶĺʱ˺΢ˬ˵㡣
**
ĩҵ·ڵ˷ǳ࣬Ĵͦ졣˳ӭһӣ׼ԷַԼһŴ̧֣Ĵȴһָֻػˡ
ŴһϤ
㾹ȻΪ²ҵ绰
תȻɫվҶ飬𴫵˿ֲüôϲ𣿡
Ҷ˶٣żҲҵమãڽϷû̡
΢΢̧ʾȥ˾ؾĲнϷ뿹飿
Ҷ˴ЩûסҶܣҷǹʱʲôְֻҪΥҼͣҵɡҲûĵԼ˽ʱʾĵز
⺬˽Ҳͦæġ
ְҶȴδţ༸һڹѧڷʵϰԺˡ
Բ۾еŭˣѵҵ˽ʱҲ㣿
ⱾΪԼҶѹȻû뵽Ҷ鲻֮ɫЦһ¡
ǵȻֱ׳ҵ˸һ㹤нˮ֮γһԼȻҸ㹤ʱǮ൱һԤĬҶ˽ʱҲӵͬµȨеʱѾǰԤ£ҪԼʱİҪ˵٣ı֡
ֱҶа˵ˣнˮǻΪҶӵбϰźôǮĬϿ֧˽ʱأ
ȫλԼϰģ¾Ӧ24Сʱ˽ʱҲ㣬֣Ҫǽ㣬Ӧ̳֡
Ҷؿ˽һۣο˵˽ʱĹһռûиǮģԱϽַʱнߣڵΪǳûԼҲȫְҵ¡
ҪӰҵ󡣡

ҶҶϽַ˿˻ô룿߳ȥҸǮ̫˻㹤̫ˣ
ⱻҶֱ˵
ѵΪԼְĹ˾Լеʱ䶼ˣȨ24СʱҲˣҲɣҲиǮ⣡ص⣡
ֻҶһûнյķŭȻұҰһҪļȥ˾㲻ӵ绰Ҳò֪ͣһֵǮ֪˷Ҷʱ𣿡
ҡҡͷ治֪ڣҺֻʱġ
ǣҲҺʱģҪ뵽ٹԼͿǮصԭĸλԼҪˡ
ҸȫԱȣֻˡ
ҶļһȻ·ˣӦѸøɵĻ꣬ȥͰɣͻȥǣͺֱͬӽкǢ̸Ҳμһ£Ҳȥҵܻܵڼҡ

ֱĿɿڴǵͷۺͬĺ͸ǿˡһλͻ̸ĺĿĶҲǳ󡣶Ҷ龹ȻȥμӺǢ̸ᣬֻԼΪϯҲ̫̫Թ˾ˡ
**
ⱾλıְģǷɿȥļͲϡ
ϾԭĿҲûʲôӴ߶ҵǵһνӴ˾ĴĿŻصԭλ֮ǰܼѧ㶫Ҳͦڴ
ֻڴܿ˿ա
̤ңŨصζýɤӷë
ȫǽϾ޴Ḻ̌־пαͬʱظλ̣һһԡ
˽⣬ҲŮģһУȻȫȻ˲Էͳָʹؿ˽һۣǸ㣬ŸʲôҶûУø̻ҸȻݲϸӡݣ
ҪԼҶ飬϶ֱͦȥˣȻʲô̫ӡֻǸȨƵıҴˣҶλãܿҪóع鵽ͨͨԱȥԺܣҪ˼ɫ
̡
ʮóĶ˵ùˡ
ʲôˬŮǡ
Ǵõ·ϵͳΪ߲д¥Ҳܶ⿪̻ҸףȻѸӡϵĹλеͬ£ԱöԷݵ̡
ŨصζͣԭڴĺǢ̸Ҳûз෴ܺͶԷûκκҵصĶ
λͻܿۺȻЦѰĿӪŶŶŮģдŮ
Էһ۽⣺ҿģôҲƯðЦ£ζ㵹۹ͦ޸ǳô˵Ķ߰˵˼Ҷʲôϵ
Ȼ٩Ļͬ²ڳΪˣЩöǳȻȴЦӭ
ӴҿʲôЦأǳɲǴ㿴ǻеͬ£Ҫܼ㣬˼ָ黳أ㻳У˵ӵİְҲҪء
ƨһĵܵĿ˹ЦȻ˽⣺СҲдĸİдأŮͬ־еë֪Ҫעʲô𣿡
촽û˵֪Է«ʲôҩ
ȻҲָش𣬹û룬ٴܶŮͬ־дĶϰ벿Ϸͻϧ°벿Щëݣһ©ˮ̫󡣡
㼸ӣŷӦԷ˵ʲô
û뵽νĴͻܸĿｲǵĳɹʿȻͼУҲûϵȻ˿Ĳ˺Ůԣ˵ֻƶӡ
ⲻλεְɧţ
ֻѪӿǺģߺѿġ
ƽһΣü޷ȥ
ΪǮΪҶĵḥ̂˺ϵر٩ֻǶԼ˸ļ̤ͷŭǦ飬ƵҪϢ
ȴ˿Χ˼ҲûУЦתͷԽٵء㡱ûܵĸ߼ɲ˭ģǿԵ
УȻ൱ġë˲⣬Ӧ
ҲΪĬعЦЦЦǺܶСᣬдĶȷʵëôӡ϶̲ˣǧִ󰡡
볡νġ顱һҲûȥ
òװܵ٩ˣͬ˺˸ߺ󣬽Ҳûס
ܣΪʲôҪôң֪ʲôˣΪʲôûֹ
ֻɬۿҲм⡣
ΪʲôҪô
ʲô
ΪƽͨݳĹӦþЩ
㶣漴Щͷؿ˽һۣΪʲôô㣿⻰ӦҶܡҶ˵Ҫ̸ʺͷôҪĴͻԼȴûμӣμӣʲô˼ȷ𣿡
϶֪ʲôӣ㵱˳ˮ飬һ̸⣬ͶõȻΪεºμֻ飿㲻Ǹ֪ʲô𣿶˲赹ˮӻģ
ϴҶ˸߲Ȼһֱ˽⣬йͷϣΪԼǸˣԵķûҳԵζ࣡Ϊʲôô㣬Ҳվӣ
˦ˣȴǾþòƽ
Ҷ飬Ҷ顣
ѹĩһҪʦڵԼļμӻ飬ԭ⣡ԭǼƻԼɧȡ˾Ĵͻ
һ˲䣬ĶҶ³ɺ޺ͷﵽ˶㡣
һǷծԼпԼݹҵڵнˮƽֻܷԼ侲һʱƽ˾һա
ѣҪԼһЩᣬһЩᣬ̬ƽͣʶãĳͻ
̣⣬ǿߣ
Ż̿-֮裡ͣΪĳɹ
οܶ飬ĽǶȲͬľҲ᲻ͬ
˵ҪҶٰ죬롪Լ޶Ҷë׬ʱǮΪٸƶ
⣬ͣ
ٰ죬׬ⲨǮծԶҶ飬ɹϰعԭװͷˣ


9 
Ҷʱ죬Ҷûٸʲô鷳оյضȹˣΨһʣµľǽϵˡ
Ҳ֪ǲɺϣ·Ҫʱһ㣬ǵ㶨˽칤ϡ
ΪףҶһβμᣬŴֱʵذһ֣䱸Ǽ񣬻ֶˡ
ⱾͦõغݴһȼβƣչδϾͱ¡
תͷŷ˾Ȼ
ôˣ
֪ᣬ͵͵Լһ䷹ԣû뵽꾹ȻֶӶˣ
Ǻ죬üŪ۵һûصسġ
㶣⣺ǣ
⻹ûüֶӣãǽѣ
ҡ
Anna
ĻҶˣ̧ͷżҶޱվڲԶͷƳһۣȻָʹذĿת˽⣺һˡ
Ҷ򴽣˵ǸشϢ
ô˵Ϊϸڵһ죬˷ϲ¾ˬʱˣҶԼȥشϢǲǳսṤ⣬ҪԼ
ҶѽĹ۾׷
촩˲üֹװǲϿžͦȷʵȻУҲһ⡣
˧Ǻ˧ġ
ΪڴýҶ˧ˡ
Ȼ˧Ҷһָ߸ϴ󷢴ȱʼشϢ
㱻ˡ
ţ
ҶЦЦ˵ְ
ù˶ʮ꣬ѧ˲Ҫȥڴһ̣۾̲סֻ˵ûȫҶ
㲻ٻĿˣԺ㽫Ϊҵʽ
ҸоõЦЦȻҶΪʱڼĹ⣬˼ˣ㻹УΪѾǰڣ㣬Ͼ㻹ᣬôô򣬻гɳĿռ䡣
˶ľˡ
Ҷ˼ǡ
ûʱĽʽĿʼôģᣬǰһ¡
˵ţһںƣ̫ˣһ㣬ԺҪôС̬˾ԼҲȻҲ⣬̫ʡ
һ룬ŷӦҶ˼ǣԼԲˣ
ҡ
øղеѣ
ֱըˣͣҶʹûȤɲΪǰӪ쵥ͷԼѣΪ㼴㵥Ҳûлᡣ
ǷЦЦ˸Ҳ㡱ı飬߸ϣͦģһ룬һףҸ

ԭΪԼĿӾҪȥˣȻû뵽ҶһϯֱԼʱӲҽҪԶȥ
ԭ֧ŽܵڵʱҶźû£һڸ߲Լѵ⣬ûǰ˳ɧţԼԹĿ࣬Լ˿ܵ衭
еһɹϸػ㼯˳
ǰؼ͵ʵˣʵһȱƢ˸ʧء
ҾܾڣҪԭĲŹĸλ޷ʤΣ
ȻԽľܾҶһû£Anna̫ˣܻӭǹѾܸߵǮˣϣ㶮ʿɶֹ
µҶϰ岡Ծĳ棬߸Ͼû˿ԿܳΪĻ᣿
ֻǽҪﴫ˻𾯾žǻҵ
ˣҿܰ
⻹ûҪҶͬھĵطʹܣϧУҶľ׷ŵĵҲ֪ǲΪ𾯾ʲôȻˣ
š˰죬˿ûɶĿܣҶŪ˰죬Ҳûɹһ̣˻൱š
еɳһԼ˱ƣȻЦЦ˺ƣѾƿԵطشߣؼʱ̣Ҫд󽫷ȣСѣܿͻģ̫ѿˣ㡣
ܿ죬Խϡ٣ͬ¶֣սζԽԽڹ۾ۿɼĿ磬ȴûԱ󣬸սŴ󽫷ȵҶ飬Ҳ¶һ㲻Ķߡ
ȫûҶˣȻˣźشȴܿģҲûʻۿڶԶµֻܡˣ
ǲУҶ鼸һʾ˷ԣȻһӾûбҪ̫Ǳˣ㲻ֲľ𣿡
ȡ·һ֤ʱˣȥɡ
ûи˾ȻԼһŮĳǰ𣿣
Լƽʱֻ
͡
Ҷ飬̧ɤţҲ㵱ҶǮҲˣ٣
̬ȹȻҶ鲻˵ʲô㲻ԭλҲܸɣֱӸˣ
ɾͲɣ
ƸԼһȻһĴ̼һ·ʳӵθĶȼ
ҪҾͿɣܹˣûô¶ϰ壬̬ƫִ񾭲һǧҲ㵱Ա˽ʱ䣬̤˵𣬲˾ӪҵĿȱηһһҸоóָʹĬɧţ嶼ˣ㻹浱Լ̫Ӱҿȥģ
˵Ȼˬˣ
ĺδ޷ݣαң
ǰսʱѾܽ⽪ȼü֮˾ͶҹֻҪϴ򹤣ܲڶ
Ҷ鵱ҲҪٸˣ
Ҳ֪ǲǻΪϽĵŭЩŷֻѾյ˾׷ˡ
µվԸūĽҲȥˡ
Ҷ飬ҵһ죬Ҳʹһ죬һ
˵꣬Ҷ鲻ע⣬ŶԷƨɾһţǰҶ֡
ҶȻûϵչƯĮ۾ɵԲִд˾㵻̿ԼŭȻڽĿҽ˺棬һȦ˻ˮ￪ʼ
ԽˣҲٵȣ۾Ҳ˺
ˮе䣬˺ſֶŻˣʵȷľҶ䣬ͷɫһ̿žԼ
Ҷ֪Ҫ֪ͼԼ򰶱ˡ
ֻǺܿ죬ͷԼˡ
ҶǸԼģֻ˫ֵס˽ĲӣŽͲ֣ȫѽ⵱ɸľקˡ
ͷʪϣ۾ĸ߰ʧˣȡ֮ǿͰͷƴڸǵľš
ҲӾ
ģѹֲʲôƨ󽫷ȣ
ⱾӾͲϻŸҶ飬˵شǺƿҲʱȫûа취ܡ
ֻͷĿѣֻ֫ԺظԼҶһ˺ˮ
ιȥ֮ǰֻһ뷨
ԸûҶ飡
**
Ż
ڰѹģ³һǺˮԺۣǰһԱƷɫ
Ǳ˾ϲˣˣû£
ǵþˡ
ȽŷҶҲþˣѵĻԼ磬˿ѾָһȦ˽ϣ˺һɷѰµɫ
Ϊϸߣղһвƾһǻߣڱĺˮһݣ侲ˡ
ԼղŶʲô
ʹ´ҲˣһҶ顭
ȻҶؿŽ⣬һһٵҪʦ桭
ֻĻû˵꣬ͱˡ
ӣʦͷΪԼأҵʦ𣿣İշΣ
ڵسڽĿɿڴת̧־Ҷͷ϶ݺݵȥ˵⶯ĳɷ־Ӷ࣬Բĵöأ
˺Լǿ
ȫûһ㺦£һָòָҶԴ
Ҷ鰡Ҷ飬ǳıӵ𣿣ʧ˽ȻԼĺһûŮʿȵʿԭ򣬴ͷ£ֱΪˣޣ簡
ȫˡ
ҶĿָһ˹ؿŶԷӻˣ˭ô˵ģ
գû侲ϻ¶ЦӻˣҿӦԣ
˵꣬˸۸Ҷ飬Ҳһǵ˽⣬Ϊ˲Ӿ˫ϥס˽֣ӣͲˡ
ܣҶû£ҪˣҶ޲øȥˣûĹ˾ֻȺԴʧɫ޹Ⱑ
ܣղǺ޲ҪҲȥ࣬Ҫ£ҲûˣҵЧ裬һˮҲĹûˣҺüʱҩ
ȫǰĳŴˡ
ѵʲôرĿ
ȵشԼǰ꺮ůԱҲһˡıΧԼϰҶ飬߲һĵ˶ûУʱʱ˦ĵİۡ
ƽԼƴڻԼݣҲһü˳ۣԼػʺš
ܣû°ɣ

ܡޱؿһУԼе¡
òᣬӣǰ׵Ļþˣ


10 
ԣҶҵʱҴĿʱԱ
һϻ̳Ͽ֣ǣܣҽ̵޷û뵽߲ϸ˰죬ϳײһҪ֪ҶһϵҲûСľϲģǽȴǿѰʮһݵˣҡ

ȥƵ껻·ھ޴ǰǿά򶨡
˵ǲţѰ
Լֻ˵ô֣ŵΣٴУڣ
ҳ裿
ΡΡʲôܣֻϸ裬֪ܲҪ󡭡
ǾϸɡӣЩεʵŵӲͯġѸסᳪ𣿡
ѰȻԴڱһֻ۱һֻۣӵĸԣΪԻᱻ϶Ϊƶܷ
Ȼǰû⣬ɤӣһĵؿɤ
ףãȻ沨׷ѰʲôΪĴȴн£۳һ̡
ˡ
һ̣ȷˡ
ڴ˺Сʱòٵظ״
û
Խˣ
ﲢʲôŴһʹǰִʱգɡĻ罻ʶûб仯ְĹ˾ǣҲǸ
Ҫ˵ΨһĲͬǾǡ
ĸ߹ܣǿսǵͶʷΨһǧ𣻶Ҷ飬ǽµƴˣ
˵ݣȻȫȫԵˣ
⻹ڶʵŬù˶ʮ꣬һ»ûܽԼݣһߣҶ鿴͸޷ˣŽ˽ͳ׼䡣
ô£ᱣĿ𣿡ҶȻû״ԾɴֵĲͺͿҪѹֲסķŭһҲЦ
ؿ˽⣺AnnaòҪսҵĵߡ
һҶ飬Զ˱Ҷ֧Ŀ־ʶǸûֵúͬҽǩȥָ---ݺݸҶһ¡
ôͽ˵ģҶ飡˭ģĲ㼶ýܺ˵𣿡
ʪгʧ-յˮ˻ɾϽһȥǽ۾˥ǽƣ
ѰѳȫûӦҶߺſ˿ȣ㱨ͱһ󸡿ˡ
û°ɣ
ϤûãһλɢϢĹ󸾾Ű˳˽ģһλͬɢųƱӣһؾͿ˽⡣
̧ͷһֱ쾪ˡ
֣裿
ô˰ˣһ۵úõôʧ𰡣òԾȡ
˵ͽؿһ۽ְ֣㣬һҪŮ̳мҵƹ˾ǮĶȼˣĺô࡭

ǰõ彡еĸĸ㵱ʧأҲ̲ס
Ƕ޷ݵļϲá
ʱĸĸţôã
ٸнֻ÷·ĶԵʻʧˡ
ȴ֪룬۵Դϰˣߣȥ죬ԵľԲӡ
ϴΪǸ㻹ûȥɣߣȥ
⾪ˣҡҵһ裬ǼҵжǮ
ЦЦһָ
⼤ؿҪʧˣһһڣ
ǡ
ԼȻ̫̰
һȻֻ߲һڣһٸڣ
ֻϥһ¡
˭뵽⣬˶ʮ꣬ԽȻ˳ӵߣ
***
һߣʧȥҶͱҶˡ
ѰϳһʼΪѰӻˣܿ죬־ӦԼӻˡ
ǵνͬ˳·ͻؼңվԼҡ¥µʱַ˵ĸо͸ǿˡ
һǳ¾ɵСƣҶ鿴Կ׷ͻȻһϰ̵
ӴСҶϽһãվ·Ƕ
Ҷü뷢˭ƾʲô·ͷֿһȵʪ⣬һͷûȥ
һֻ
һ̩ϣ
Ȼ֪ܴľһȣسԼҶͼ⹷⹷Ҷȴת־һβ©ضҪ͸Ҷ顭
ҶŴӿϴǸζ͵ˡϰ׼ѡ
ϰһ㲻ģ൱õع̩ϣҶһۣ̲סԹСҶҲǵģģ߿ˣ·вߡ
Сôô಻İ㽲ܶˣ㳤̫ˣһɫĿӣرǼұСʱϲǸ׮ӣ̲סҪģϲڿ˰ɣԳԿǰôȥҲģ

ϰֱ̽꣬ĵؿҶۣűŹﳤȥ
ֻҶ黹ûü׷ȥֱһӳס˼򣺡Ҷ飬ˣ㷿ⶼǷˣʲôʱ㸶壿
ҶԼҪˡ
ѹסõطѹʶЩˣ
Ǵװɵ˰귿˳ǣСӱףѾ㶫ʰӵҵȥˣҴˣҲ㻻ˣǮҹ
ҶⱲΨȱľǮҸĸǮҰǲǻںȼ٣ϵȷ
ں⡣
Ҷ롰ˡɿ̧ɤŵ
ǷһƨɶծP2PףҲǮȥˣȼ٣үүļ٣Ҫڹڣˣ
Է˵һֻЬҪʹҶ顣
ƣġ
Ҷ飬̩ɽǰɫҶϼȨӵ̫ӡ֮λӲˣһ̣ڵһηء
ܡ


11 
ҶǱݵǶ񱼵ľƬ߾ϲĺƬ
վϤıſڣֻʣ¼
ⲻҶ֮ǰĺլ
ϲ𣿡ЦеһһС
⻳򿪱ţȻ󿴼ˡ
Ҷè
ɰɣèǱӵҪģҿſˣҺҪȥ߶ȼ٣øĶ顣
Ϊһ󸾣ӵй󸾵ͽְִŽιȻ˸ԲӺ󣬾ϽõĴߴͽŹˡ
һټݻֻʣ˽һˡ
Ҷġܵܡ
ԼԽһ̳ҶļҲҶסܵܡҲһˣ

ɼףȻֻһСѾԼ衣
µµĿʼʹӸСèʼɣ
ָСèıǼ⡰ӽҵĶˣ־ͽУҶܵܡûɣ

Ҷ֪̺ܵܲķӿԽһȻͲ֪˼伲ëˡ
Ҳͬ⣡
ͻ˽һһ̧ͷȻԼĺլҶ顣
˱൱򶨣ҲԾɸ߸ϣģҲͦᣬ˫ֲڿӿڴһϰֻ̬ǡ
ֻǰɫֵĵĺɫЬӡЩҵͷԼǾ˶δָĺɫգԼͰͳવĿţй¶Ҷʵһʧȥ˳±ıӡ
ӱ̲Ծ˸ɳ£ߵİˮ꣬¶ˡˡı顣
ˮſ˽⣺ҵķҵèʲôʧҿԼ̡
ԭԼݻЩսսܾϵڱЩɣȻһ̿Ҷ飬˻˸߸ֺһ˲˾ϡ
ԼӦհǰ˺󣬶Ӧô󵨵ģ˵
ҪΪ嶷ǡ
ӵһڵģܣ
Ҷ鲢֪һ˲ĵİתǧء
ȻͬһլҶ黷˱ܣҲװȫͬˣԼķʺǿ򵽴ŮɫԼװΣǽԭŵȫҸȻҲѾ滻˽ҵġ
ҶڷԽɫԽء
ַƺŶûҲһģΪʲôĶȫͬˣ
ֳԼèèûըëȻ׼ȵذҶָҧˡ
һ̣ҶıûװˣʼЩܻͻҡ
ô£
ΪʲôǱģ
ΪʲôҰ
˴ԼӿڴǮΪʲôҵÿһŶˣȫʾЧȥвˣ˵ûаЩҪܵĿ죬þѾαƱҸץˣ
˻ҷˣ
ҶڴȥƬ̺ʲôʼޱ¥ߣˣ϶ΣӦӽˮе֢¥˯һ˾ͺˡ
ӺҶʧǵش¥
ӣе侲ˡ
ڵغһں裬ʱҶֱʵȭˡ
˵ǴԽˡϰ壬ǴˣλöԵˣ
һ߽һè䣺ұǸƽʱոĿʱô˵ģ
Ŷûƽʱֶֻеʱƽʱյںȫǵײ
ⲻӭҶԽĿ⣬Ц˭뵽ϡȻʶǳСޣеȴΪһС̾˿Բؿѧˣս
û뵽ҽ⣬Ȼ֤ƽʱĿĿѧԡ
Խˣ𡰳ԪңﻹźڣѾ֮ǰĽˣ߹ť»⡪
ҶܵʱѾȥˣӭµļԪδҽܵˡ
Ȼʲôüȵȣڱҵˣôģ
ſһתԼҴźúõţٵֻıأҲûҶ͵Ļ棬˶ɻˡ
Ҷܳӱҵģͽ
ôУһʲôͨԺҶǻˣ
ⲻܹϢ
⵱ֻҪ˵ôģҪˣ˽լͼ٣ҡ
⻹´ʣҶˡ
׼
ⶢҶ鲻˵ȻĿ⿴˴⣬Ŀ˺԰һСΧǽϣǰɫǽϣ˿Լһɫӡ
һҶ龹Ȼ-ǽôݵ£
ˣ㾹Ȼ-ǽǽŪˣǮ
ȻָأҶ飬ǳ֤𣿺԰ľûмͷǡ
ⲻаһ飬汻˵׼ˡ
Ҷ飬ϵ˱ܼңҰľŻţӸһףȫɼ̣ȥһŮ˵֣Ȼװͷš
ЩҶŵŸоˬ
С˵־Ҷļ磺СҶˣ뿪㡣
Ҷ鿴ſըˣסҵķ˯ҵĴռҵĵܻܵ뵱ҵô뵽Ŀ
˭Ҫ
ҶָèҸնˣ˵ӣȻ˵ֽҶܵܣ߼ǣҲһ𣿣ΪһΪһΪǮ͸㵱𣿡
ҶΪ֪Ͱˣȥ磡
ⲻˣһֻèӣֶӣڶԺҽעִ磬㰡ģнܣѵ㣬ֻҰ㿪ķݣ
ҶⱲӴûôԴ۾ˣ͵ԣ͵ҵ
èȥҰ
Ҷض췢ˡ
ȴӲѧҶǰǷأҪѧỻλ˼㿴Ȼֿ࣬ôһɡһɧζŴˣȲ˵ƽʱûȱ첲ȣ㿴㻹ط-ǽ˵
ĳο㻹ôõĹ˵Ǹγҵʱ𣿹ʿҲҵһһˮƽء
ǣҸ㵱ΡҶȴʲôЦһЦҶⱲӶģǸˮƽ˵
ģʱ͵ҵҲһҵĶҪλҲˣһԼҵҵĹûҵҫ
ԴԽĲҿҶ龹治ɫǿӲֱͦŭǹò˵ݺţЩġ
ҶûڰºͷĻ


12 
ȻϣϢʵǰҶҲòˡ
ֻǽ˲ζžʹƽҶҵУСܹ˽ڼʱԼӵԭļҲȫƾԼɽ
οǣҶ鷢ʱգԼôҲӵйصһıѧȻʵѧԶˣǿá
ϾֻҪΪשÿЩ˾ţƾԼǷƽƣ
ֻǺܿ죬ҶͷԼˡ
ְһ죬֮ǰҶϴּһߡ
ԷűҶ곤ЩҶ飬ͦ飺ҲԵİ
ҶûΪûıҪ
θλֻ¼һˣҶûд°ܽϰߡ
Էǲ⣬ֻǿҶҡҡͷܵܣС
˭ܵܣ
ԷȴҶ鲻ƵɫһĳܵܣǿԵԸ㽲Ļԣ㴩еİ
Ҷ˹ı飬ԵأһҪֿ㣬Ȼ߶䣬Ҫǡô¶һߣҪɧɧȻɧĻȻɣһЩŮԹٿϲǶ¼ȡˣ
ԷҶ飬ҡͷƨ̣ͦ˷ˡ
̾˿ǹҵҪǶŽѧѧڹ##ֻľҲڵλơ
Է˵ֿ꣬ҶһۣŰ̾ˡ
ҶŶԷıӰԼݶԵƺʲôԾ
ֲԾܿҶһһӦ顪
δδͣΰСӣԲҲҲ㣬ʵЩˣǹ˾Ӳˣһ¼һ𣬾ͿʼӣȻԼҪ٣˵ӲҪҪչ˼С⣬ǳԲģĵӦƸߣӰˡ
ʮꣿ㶼ʮ˻û鰡ֳ̫޾̫û¼ȡ㣬ΪȰһ䣬ĲԼмɫͽ飬ʮϵĹˮˡ
ҶǰɣҲǲ¼㣬ֻΪǲԱΪǵ˵ȶԱȽϲ˵Ӿ˵Ҫ˻ؼȫְޣҪλǲԡ
ҿӦƸǻܲõλã˰ɣǸĸλҪдֹۣʺˣǹ˾иλãͦʺģҪҪ£岻Ӱ࣬չ˼
Ҷ飬¼ˣ׼ôƽùͼͥ

ԣҶĺ׳־
˭ܸԼ̳˽ôһ
Ȼر·߶ԭʱһ£Ůλȴǧ
ȻŮԱûб仯ԾŮĹȴ˵ģһɷͻῪʼ١
ΪˣҵϣŮӵȻƣܶλֻŮԲҪԣҪͻݹ˼ңڹҲֻܴЩԸλǾԵơ

̶һܣҶȴоѾһһ̬ʮôɣ
ٰȥԼ͸ˡ
ҶԾȣΣʵǽ͵öԼ
**
Ҷӹòȴˮȴ̳ҶݼŷʱԱĴҲԵˣ
⼸ѾȫӦԼˣ
ֻû뵽ڹ˾ѵرͿҶ黢ſڣһԼ˾վֱ׳ҪǮ
⣬һǧǾʹ塣
ֱЦˣڻ첻ȥˣˣҪһǧôȥôҪһǧ򰡣
ҶҲɡ˿˿ȣЩȻԾ򶨣ͶʡͶһǧҿԸ30%ϵ껯ʡ
һǧڵ˵ȷʵ࣬ΪʲôҪ㰡ֲǮȱ30%껯档
Ҷ򴽣ɫЩˣӦһٸңֻҪһǧ򣬲ࡣ
ЦˣҶ飬ǰһҵʱôûָһǧ򰡣
Ҷסŭƽ͵ҵöҸ𡣡
Ҹ𣿡ɴ۾Ҷ飬ǰ׳־˵Ҫȥһأѵˣ㲻ͦйôûҵ
Ҷ鼸ŭ巴ҵˣΪôҲ
µˣ˻һȻԽк;Ӹ¸Уýͬ˲ήˡ
ȻҵôҪҪǮͨôͨԼ׬ǮԼɣ
ǱģһǸûŹ
ŽϵĲ̫ԣҶ˱ûס͡
˹ŲӣҵˣҴְˣ
֮֮ѧǰҶǷҶ飬ΪʲôҪְأΪʲô˶ܸɣҪְ϶ԼⰡҪú÷ʡԼ
Ϊְ㿴Ǹʲôӣ
ҶǱ̵ʹҵйڡ
ֻҪԱУԭ˸ײ㣡ҸҲĹ¼ȡҵĲڣһ˵ûǰ̨ǰ̨֪𣿣ô˵𣿣
Ҷ۾ˣͶʹ˲ţǰ̨òһҹ˾ͶʲְܼλΪʶƴӰһҵ˱Ϊܳתְнû뵽Ů˾һŷ˵ԸҸ-˯
Ͷܵˣƨɣ˵ǿƨ̲¼ȡҡҶԽ˵Խߣʲôְԣ˽ɧţŮ˻οһٵŮͺϹ˺һ飬ϹһǮĶӡ
˸ûϵĹҾܾ
⵽Ǹʲô磿϶ûУΪûרóᣬ̶ﱻƨɣΣ
Ҷ鿴һ
㣬סǸ÷ǰסİɣ21ˣСĴھǷ
ƾʲôסҵĴҾסС
Ҷϳˡɵ򡱰޿ⷢʡ
ô𻹲ˣͿϽֽ˻Ƿķ⣬˷üɫǿסȥأ
ϣڵС¶ͨţ¥ϰ̵èҲûҹУ컹©ˮΨһԽǰֹװŪˣ¥ǳ˹ĳζ
ҶָָԼıӣΪ˱ҵֻܱ֪ᷢʲô𣿡
ɿ°ͺҶָָԼһƷȥ𣿿ӲԼǰƻ
ɤӣ֪ܵӦóǮ⣬ά˶٣˽⣬ûһǧĻһҲС

Ȼһǧһˮһˣ⻹ǿȻ
ֻһ򣡡ûӦҶе㼱ˣҾϢ㣡һͺҶԵʲôʧģҪ̫䵽𣿡
˵˵ȥҶôҶǽĴ
Ҷ飬߽ڡ𣿡ƤЦⲻЦؿһۣҵģôֵԼ˾˫ر׼ˣ
ڵԱһǰܵģôһȥͲˣϹñڻһٱ˶ȥˣҲûȥҪǮ
ˮתüʱˡ
һˣҲмɫóȻܵҪǮ֪֪һʲôİʾ˻ɵزе£
Ҷ鵱ʱڼ䣬ܹġҶĥΪáۣһֲػҶ飬ϣҵһƬģҪǮҪ˾;ȻˣԺɥʧ˶´α˵ܵĸƨɣ̵ܵĸ㣬Ҳֻˣ
Ϊã˵һ򣬾һǮҲܸ㣡



13 v
ҶʱϺ޲˺Լı飬˯һ⻹ûζ
˵ڶϰ࣬ݺ飬˳۶ˡ
Ѱһ粻㱨ϣڷϲһЦúϲ£ģ
⿴ȫ˾·һȻ󡭡ΨԼ
סΣأôûҰ
£ܿ죬һջʢ㶼ЦˣͳһѽĬôҪأһǶһˣŪһס
ƹҾֱ˵һأ
ҪҲֻ˳֣ȥЩɺİɣᵽ£˾Ͳˡ
ǼüŪۿŵЦֿЦǵˣôᰡ

ĵı飬ͻȻֲԤС
Ԥ򿪺ɫ桪
ϣȻдš⡱ٿ
ֶ˭
ҺֶҪ飿
أǼС£֪Ȼܱܿϼ޽ңǰĸ֡
ڴ⣬ɽȫ׻ֻһˡ
ԼȻ̫ˣ
ѵͣ
û뵽ǧ㣬ȫû뵽ʱԼȻ̸ۼˣ
Ϊʲôˮû
ȫ޷ͻȻĪðδ򰡣
·֪룬͵ϴˮΪ̫ܲ˴ֱ̼ӾιȥˣסҽԺ˺ü죬ȻˣҲԼϵĲײһֱûء
ⶼʲôƨһһΣվûӰ˰
ȴڼ޳ܣû£¸¾ͰˣøϲȥȥÿڼʳأҲˣڵԣϣһٵŮȫְɷýһȹ̵ĺ󷽡
뵽ɳСԺС¿֧Ŀ־
ôаԲᣡԼôǮˣʲô鰡
ֻǽû뵽ԼԭΪܺ˳˵Ļ飬ȴ⵽˽ǿѹ
ͦõģȻ˧Ҳ㣬ֳúõģǺˣһͰֹ˼ң
⼱ˣͻȻϲˣҲҪ飡
⺢˵ʲôأѰֶӣ֪֪ףδܰѰһϸ㹤ǲ̸˶ʱҲˣҪӰҵڽӴǵҲҪ˲ٳ֣ҪûָҴӣôΪƬɽأ
ڵ˲ʱ򣬳˧ܴڵмɫˣƾúܣҸʵķżﰲȫ
˵꣬һߵĽְ־͡ˡһţлл㣬ȻǼ޸ģû뵽ԸŮա
˴ﲨͨ뺡
֮²УϲˣǽҲͷԲͻȻڻ£ʶ֪Ůӵйգϲͻ趼⣬ҲʲôͻȻϲˣеǰ־ˣȥ¾ͺá
ⴹĲϲˣϲˣԲܽᣡ
ϧȻ˵ˣ⣬ʲôʱбˣ㵹Ǹ˵˵ϲĸˣ
˵Ҳɣ߸ſھʹһ
Anna⣡ҿţ
ʱﻹֱֶԼģҶ˭
ඥһָſڣ裬ˣ
ɵؿſڡ
Ҷ黹ţ⣡طĿףҪҺû꣡
û뵽ؼʱ̣ԼȻҪҶ¹
⵱ʤ׷裬Ҹ𣡡
½軳ɸ࣬⵱ţɫƵҶӭ˽һ߸Ҷʹ족ɫһȵ裬Ҷ飬ǸˣҸһˣ
һݼͲˣпȥ¥ֻܴ磬ᵽǱſڵԼ̫ˣûңһģ

ҶüʽڸʲôƤЦⲻЦݺšһѣʹʮֵȻҶ鵱ʹᶼˡ
Ҷ鴩ԽⶾȻֵܴ򣬵ϵĴѾȫûеǹ̫ζΪš¶ʹı飬һƶС
ϧܿͺ׼ȵسУҶ飿ҪǮ뿪Ů
ǰɡ
Ҫ
ƴҶʹɫϣgetԼİʾôһʱģһʤ߼ԼҲСǳҶˣһ֪ͼģ
Ҷûʧüܾ˽裺
ɾڽҪɿ֮ʱֻҶ龶Լ
һǧ򣬸һǧҾ뿪

ϲУˬˣʦȥаתˣ
˵꣬˽㿴Һ˵ֺӵʲôˣУ
Ϊ氮ͼǮһ˳ڼﲻ֣ܲƣܻñӣοܵеˣ⣬һǴˣѧƷкͺûһеġ
Ҷõһǧ򣬱Ѿת׼ˣڽΪԼȥ֮ʱҶ龹Ȼ˻
۾˱ķŭŽһʡ
˵˭ˣ
Ҷ˶ʮ꣬û˸ǰ˵ҲУ
ȻҲҪʦ㣡
ΪһǧҶ˸ˣ
˵ˣȻҶΥϰ岡ˡ
ôŵˣ¶˷˼ı飺һ˾Ȼô˵û̹㣬Ů˵˱Ĺأ
Ҿ˵㲻ˣ㿴·ƾͺ-ƨôͦΪ˹Ů𣿵ûٱɣ
һ֣ҶֱˣΪԼĽ
ıý赱ȻΪʷɧŻᱻĵӹ֬׷ۣŮ
ҶȫսˣĶˣ䲻
黭Ȳ˵ЩƾһôƨɣѾɾˣѵ⣿
˵꣬ҶҪı飬ĳضԽŮһдһһһ˫ˡÿɹŮ˱ɣ϶һ߰˸ˡֻǷŮ˶᷸Ĵ費㣬⡣
ģҺĹʶ壬ֻҪˣӰͥһֻ۱һֻ۵ġ㿴飬ҪˣȻɣ
ʲôҶ飬ˣ㿴һʷһխﻹܹϻ첻ƮƮأ
迴Ҷһۣĵˣȫͳˣغ㶨ɣϾͲʣʲôˣŴҲáҪġ
ҶֱˣҲҪﲻҪȥЩϸҪǱң
㿴㣬Ȼ˵滰˰ɣͳŰأǳŭ̬ȣҪһǧ򣿣һǮҲ㣡Ҳܼ޽ǽң



14 
û뵽, գҶƾԼŬɹԼһǧûˡ
ɽҲûʲôá
Ҷ, ҾԲͬ⣡̬ȷǳŮֻӽǰ㲻, ڼҰ칫˿㣬㱻ǸĵҶ鹴ߣ
ҶǱ, Ҳˡ
Ƚоδź󣬽еˡ, İ
Խʱպĵһ, Щ
Ҫȥ, ԼҪˣ
ڼﰲؼ, òܵȥˣӻ飡
ȻվԺ, Լ˱Ů˵ţ˳˼
ϲңһžǸԼһȴ, û뵽ҶţҲԼĴʵˡ
գæһϣڱһֽ-ǽɹ
ֻǵӳ죬⵹ЩãȻ, ϤİĽͷ, ͻȻҲ֪Լȥ
˿, ԽݶԵĿ񻶸Ѿȥʣµľǻֺ̿Ͳ
ȽʶŷԼѾ֪ߵԼġҡſڡ
Ȼ׼ȷ˵Ҷļˡ
ȻǲСʩԶСϤֵⷴ˵㰲
ֻǣƽͺܿ˴ˡ
Ҷ飡֮ǰֻ˻Ƿķ⣬ǺͬǩļǮȻһˣ
ѭŷĴɤţܿ쿴СŪߵҶ顣
ȻˣͶʻͦô£ҵ䲻糾ĸС㡣
ԼƻĲҿʱҶֽ׼ˣҲ˵ͬ
壬ⷿǮһǧɣˡ
˵꣬ʹӱǧֽ
忴⣬ȻЩԷ֪Լţ㶣ǮҲЦ⣺ֺͷⶼ֪ôˣ϶ҶˣҲˡ
ǰҶ鼷üŪ۵ı˵ʱˣ˰Ҫ޸˼ңúñ֡
ԭΪõҶĳû뵽Ҷͦƽͣôһ˳ζ
˽һۣȻߣͦƽͣȻе󣺡ллҸ˷⣬֮ǰҶ̬ҳ嶯ˣҪҪ¥
ҶͨˣʡˣĶ׼ˣ
Ҷ̬ͦãҲȷʵеԼСˣգ˵ͷҶ¥
ֻû뵽Ҷ˳¥ˣţȻó¶׹ذѽˡ
ЦôŰ㣬û뵽Լˡ
⼱ˣҶ飡ʲôҲǷᣬΥҼͰҰǮֽȥá
ȻûģõĲѧһѧͻᣬѧŮ˵ͨˣһֽ͡¥Ѷħצ
Ҷ鿴۰ֽЦ£ҿϡͨˣһǧҹȥеȣʲô
㲻ҪҰҪɣͻȻ侲Ҷ飬̸̸㿴мڣ㼸Ҳû⣬ҲԺֻҪҵĻƣڻǰҾˣ㿴
⻹û꣬ͱҶˣҲҪڡ
ЩοҶ鵹ǻУҲģȻӼڶ࣡
ֻûüжҶ
Ҫһҵ

Ҹʲô
Ҷ鳯ЦЦһȥ
⾪ˣ
ϸ룬Խ磬Ǵº˵һʱٸԭһεʱһκӦþܻص
뺣жԶ֪𣿣
Ҷ൱ţг
Ҷ黹гû뵽̶ʱ侹ȻϳˣĶǮ
ʮӺ󣬵ⱻҶйгĺϣͲôˡɱС¿磡
ĳ
Ҷ˿߳ܣֱ׳ص˽⣺Ҫûг𣿡
ݷ˵ͿгȻ˸ѽԼϹ̶Ű˼Ȧſʼ
ߵС·Զȥģһ·ˣ½λŵġˡøý졣
Ҳ֪ţ԰Ѿ˵Ҷϡ
Ҷ飬侲㣬㶼ӾȥǸ𣿿ɱûԽȥ˵ûˡ
ҶõģǰҽӾѧˡ
ҽ㰲Ҫͼ߷ңȻҲϡ
˵꣬͸ƴز˽̤壬ѳ÷ɿ죬Ǻ޲һܵﺣߡ
ϧҶٺãֵﵽײǿ⡣
СʱҶٶ
һСʱҶ鲻ˣҲʼˡ
һСʱҶڵﺣߣѾ̫ˡ
˭뵽ǰҪǷҪҶ飬Ȼֻܽŵֳء
£ܲԻʤָ
㰡Ҷ飡Ա𣿡
ٶˣ㲻ǼŴԽؼ𣿼ӿӿ죡
ǰǰ
壡ǰ壡һѼ⵶˵ĸأ

Ҷֱ޿̣⣡Ĵ
ԼĴ
ȻǡߡгϣȲҲ࣬ŵ磬ֱ˸Ӣ˼һӺҧ£Լȴҹͺã˴ǣһǮ
ҶҲͦԭСʱг̣ƴŽ£˰Сʱִ
ֻȻɫЩףҶ黹ǼǿקŽ⣬ȻһСƴϡֶûе綯ýľСͧ
Ҫȥϣ
Ҷ򴽣ƿߣ򶨵ûҪһҪ֣ϾԽˣ˺ܲѺãԺοͻӻӰ˼⣬һҲûи
ûǮֵ볡ȯ˵ôסʲôʱῼǱ˵ĸܣ
Ҷһ߻һ߻ڼ𣺡ҲδҪ¸ԭû̫𡣡
ããҹɫͺХĺⱻɪɪȻҲҪ¸ԭҪԼɣûҲû̫𡣡
ǲС
Ҷ̬ȼᶨȫû̬Ѱڽϵӽ˽ȻԼϡ
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˼·ʶʱΪܣ˳ʶı顣
ҶܣǴȥˣܸ˾Ҳҵס޻ˣܸܲǵ㹤ʡ
Ҷ˳ӣЩʤȯյЦЦ⻹ÿ֡
ʵҶܣҲȥģ˵ǣߣһñȺ飬֮ҪӣȻǮȫ޷Լƿأȷʵŵɵĺá
ü˳Ŀĵ˵ڰб˼۸񡯣δ˵ⲻ⣬ȥ
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Ҷü룬žý˵ҲеǸ˰ȻҪŽ
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ģһģΪİ㣬ѴˣҲˣƸ۵ľģΪҲôȥܵģ
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ҹĺô䣬һȥûԽ˿ô죿
ǮɣԺúȺãοûǮҲԸȥϾĸĸڡ
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Ҷ飬㵹ҹĿ࿴
ͷ˦ϾҪǽ֪ԼܵģԺԼɲϣͷβ˵ҶְԼԼҲҶ顭
裬ⶼҶ顭
ֻϧտڣͱˣ˵˽һۣȻҶ飬ܺһ˰ˣȻǺһ׷Ǹ뺰Ϳһ𻮴ˣԸǿҪʲôҶ飬Ҵ㣬û뵽ˡ
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ֻǽɿ䣬ͻȻסҶ֣ţݵ
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ҶıۿɼԽѿˣֻûüڣ
ҾȻ֪Ϊ˺һѳ飡
⣬
ϧֳݲϽ졣
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ѳҲû󲿷ֶе̰ŮԼһŮˣеĻţû뵽߸Ҷִ˵ƫ
趯ݵҸնˣʱ̣㻹ǽ⿪һӣȻһ£ź˵Ե𣬾һˣΪ־ȴǿ⣬ϣúûš
Ҷ鷺źڵı飬סҶ֣û뵽ĵĳ£ȴһŵģ
һˣԶԼһУȴǿԵȵĻرû뵽㾹Ȼô˽ؾȻôΪ˾Ȼôѣ
Խ˵ԽԭΪִᣬϹӵѾˣû뵽ϣҿһԶеµĴУ
Ҷ飬аúʹ⣬ҷǳͣ

裬⿪ҶӰĴԽƣһǼҲһԼ˵ҲǸԣչδĿֺͶԼľ棬ҶҲǱԼҪԭԽǰ˳򡭡Ͱûйϵûйϵ
ֻǽȴԼ֪ŲɣᣬҶ鵱֤Ϊ֮ǰƫǸݸжңеΪʲôΪ㲻ϽˣֻΪ㳤
ҶȻﲻסˣʲôҺҲﲻˣ
Ҳ淢Ҷġܡо
ǣǿˡֻǽҶŭӣȻ⣬
⣬㲻飬׼ˣ
ҲͬҶһˣ

Ŀɿڴԭʾ֭αץȥôӱܽ飬û뵽̤Ьٴȫѹ
ҶüȻͼͣŪˣҺ
Ҷ壡
˵ʱʱ죬һ嵽ҶǰҶ飡û°ɣ
ݼһѱסҶ飺ղҵһƬհףɰŻˣ
Ȼؿ˽裺裬ҶܺĻ𣿡
ƲƲ죬ת߽˴ա
һߣжس㶪ϸղŵĽ飬ԴؿҶ飺˵ɣҪʲô
ҶЦõˣ
Ҷ飬侲㣬һϵġ
ҪԽȥ뷨ȻǺõģûʲôãˣҪţһͷԺһԼȴӾ𡣵Խ봩ʹģ첻ʵŴԽȥúðڸԼϾһһӶزȥأ
ѭѭյҲ֪ûʲôλزˣǸˣֻУ׾糾˲ߢˡ˵ĺʱҲô꣬ɸҲûȥʱӿɾ͸ˡ
Ҷ˴УȥһأںУԼҲЩ侲Ž⿴ãûз
һϷǼȰ˵ʱû˭֮˴˽ˣ䶷
ȻҶɤӿ˿ڣô
һδˣҲҲҵˣҲҪ⵽ְɧšΪҪһĹ
ЦЦأ顣
ԼȻ⣬罫ʹͼ꾫أҲΪٸλᣬҵ
ЦЦܸ嵽ʡ
Ҷޱһǧһڼۣ
ǲУҸһǧĶȥһǮȥŮˣ跢ˣҺ滹ôݣֻеһһƤ£źʡ
οڿǸ˵ᣬһһǧĶҵδˣǺΣյģ
˵꣬оݵشֻѳš
δӸвŮԱǿţʧȥΪİ㡷
һƵŻɫΪ򣬲侭ȣܴ̼¾ʧ
һƱ콵ٱʬ·ߡ

Щ⣬һһţҶԽ¿ɫȻԽ
ֻʱһˡ
嵽ʣԹúаȫϵλҲᣬϤǣǱ˴أҲܻԼ˫Ӯ
ȻȹһӣǾ˳ƸսѣʱҲûнΣˣأҲһʷķַѣʱְҵɱľˡ
ƻʧˮҶͺܲˬ⽲ô࣬ʵûдĵ뷨קŽһκһԣϾطҶһҲ
ֻѾݾߣҪٰѽ²̫ס
ڽ߼ƸԼȻֱ֮ܣ˽˳˽г̽
ԼֻҪ躹нǻҵýԼһ
»Ҫӳ顣
Ҷ˼Ƭ̣յ˵ͷɽ
²˳٣⼸㱨Ҫһ֮ҸղʧȥҶ飬ĶˣҾÿʱÿ̶ܿһӲܲοδҪǼ޸ңҪң֣Ҳ쿼ǣ
Դˣ赹ǲԣֻƲƲ죺ȱ⣬Ŀǰֻͬһû˵ͬǽ顣
迴һüδӦҶ飬ӸµҶ飬ȻڶĹˣ飬ҪӱŬ
ϸеEMBA໹ԹMBAΡ
ҶȻǳ𾪣ʲô⻹EMBA
򴽾ܾˡ
ҡҡͷһı飺Լ㵹ǿΪȻԸΪһˣ˵ʲô
Ҷ˵ϵ̰
ƨ˵㻹㣬ûô㣡÷˼Լ

ȻòеСҪ޽ǼҲУǾ͵ѧԼƷзҲһף˫ܰϵ̨棬Ҳܸӵó衣
˵⣬Ҷһֻۣɫ˥ڡû
⵱Ҳͦõģһô˿㡣ߵ޽ûнݾģҵŮɵúúŬ
**
˽ӵ˰ߣ迴˿ʱ䣺ҪؼˣҲ˳ˣؼϴϴ˯
һɺҶ鵹Ҳ֣ԹԵظŽ˳
·ߣıȵֻ³Ҷ龹ȻҲ³ˡ
һû
Ҷ££ϵ̺ӣͦü˳Ŀӣ̫ˣȺȱȲ𣿡
Ҷ飬ѵķ˲缦Ͱ͵ģ󷢴ȱ׼
ֻû뵽⾹Ȼҡ
Ҷݣҡһ䣬ﻹа˳֮һȸԼȥﵹ˱Ȳ裬ӱȡ˸Σһ߳һߴݾ¥ԡȥ
ΪѾȥͷϴˣﲼñȽϼªҿԽ£밲źãļ׶Ҫһ£ϰEastern AccentsЬĻ˫LVģŶͰҲLVģ಻̫õƷƷһϸһ嵥
ȵȡ
ʲôʱ˵סⱻҶĺ޳ܾˣһסҶ飬Ҳ㸶ǷķסԼȥ
Ҷ൱ֱ׳ҵļҡ
Ҽң
Ҷ鿴ܻĽһۣ治ɫ򶨵費˵ԺҾҪ޽Ǽδļҡе˵ˣ˾óȥˮҪŮ˵ļҵԼļȥٳ֣ҪŮ˵İ赱ԼİȥТ
΢ЦſһܣȻ˽⣺ԣҼҡ
ȷʵٲά裬ͬ㵱ٰѣҲ˾޴ϾҵɫŬˣҸŻǴпΪģǽķϸæѵһҪȥסôƷӣ
һŮˣȻԼסֵطڵļֵڿǽܣ˵ö𣿺𣿡
ͼҲû飬סһŲʣԵ㰡Ҫ֣Ҫ԰
ҶԲѵò˶ãΪ˻ϢҵҲˣԺƻ˵ĺСҳҲóܵһУںʲôǰͬӵ۹ΪҲӦס
˵ˣȥϴ裬˾߰ɣԺҵļҡ
Ҷ鿴˽һۣ΢ЦǷѣʵС۵ĽɫְҵµģȻ˺Ǿ͸һаһУԺΪСۣһĶҾĶ
˵꣬šؼҡɣҡڵˡ
**
Ҷϴ裬˯£ڱת·˲һͭߣʼԽⷿﶫĲָָ㡣
ǰڵأϴڣôûˣ߾ˣ㻹ڸôĹع
йԭڵĶҴ߼ĲƷ㾹Ȼйĳ˷äеģֱıɱ
Ҷߵĵңûסۣô£
ⷭ˸ۣôգʲôҲûУʲô
ȫϢ5DʽϷҶһֿı鿴˽һۣſMartinȫϢϷģʽ
õˡ
ƾͻȻֵĻеͻȻͶȫϢ5D棬ǰҲһڿеͶӰư档
Ҷָֻ˼ڵȫϢģʽͽ˸ģӿҳһӽһƬҹɫǿգУ·
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ҶصЩʲôȫϢģʽȻؿ˽⣺ô䣿֪˶Ǯƺ𣿡
̾˿ЩˣǸ㹻õҲܣԴϻûϡ

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ȷˣ۵ϰ壬Ҷ鶼ôǷּڹģʲôûϵԼҪúôô
˵Ա֮£ҶȷʵȽˡ
ÿ԰ڵһŽϵ°ѱ²ιһ飬չʾ˱ﲻϸڵ;
ȸռ𯳲ȻռԽˡ
һ
ΪҶ첻ߣΪ˲¶Լ跢ֻ֣ܺ˼̣Ҷ黮Χ¥ͷҶ飬¥Բڽ⣬һ¥ڹá
Ȼһ¥ǹãҵˣʹȨʹһ¥Ȳѵ㶼رܣλҡйõĳԭ򡣡
Ҷһ·һسӣ⣬ΪԭûסҰ̣ԴӽµסҰˡ
Ҷӵ񣬽˿ȣ㱨еEMBA࣬öˣгտγ̣úԼԺ͹ˡ
Ҳȥ
ҶȻѾʱյ¹򣬵оݾܾҪҲΪǣǴ˼ңΪϵѣҳȥѧͷ¶棬ôУ˵ǲɦŪصеˣ¡
Ǻǡ
׼ģȷʵͷ¶棬ڿʦһ뵽ǿеۿΣǼͥǮأԵģҪѧʲôأֻҪǮûɵġ
ҶЦЦȻûϣʲô취أвε㻹ǵûεҡ
˵꣬Ҷļ򣺡ˣҪڿˣ˵ȿԹˡ

У嵥һǰ㣬ǵ㻹ûϵͳѵϽ򡣵Ժϣġ
Ҷҧгݿ飺⣬ֻ̫֣ƾʲô緹ҲҪӦֻǵĹ
ЦҶ飬ڶǹôô°Ҫ緹ܹ緹ȻǹĹ롣
ǲϤؿҶһۣûϵԺкܶ£Ϥġ


15 
ڶ, մ㳵ȥʽϸڵҶ飬˽ܾ
죬Ͼҵ, һвһͦΣյġ
Ҫϸˣϸڡ
ҶӽӹĿɫͺѿΪʲôôĿ
Ҳ㡣ƵЦЦ, ֻͶұˣҶܡôաҵѽΪҼʱǱڵ⣬ô, Ϊһ˲Ǯҳϰ, ôܲͬȵĸ
Ҷֱը, ̧˰˶ȣҵʱҲû÷HPV
, ʲô˻ЩҽñȾ, ˽ȽϷḻˡأȻΪҽ¹ʱȾ, ˧ǮУңæŴûʱҶ, ϶̸˲Ůѣ龭ḻⲻúúøҶϿɰ
ûУҶ鿴ˣ⣬Ӷ, Ҫʦ㡣
Ǯ, ҲҪ֤, ֤𣿡
У
Ҷ˵꣬Ŵӣ¶˸첲ָԼ㿴

Ҷ൱ȻգԲĳ軹սʤ˿̵ܸ߳Уɤӣ֤ݣ֤ҲҪĿ

ߣ㿴𣿡
ָԼڲϷһߣǴߣҪȡЩĿ졣
㻹ΪŴعɰأ
ҶȻҲ֪ԼǿʶڼûŮѣȷʵһˣԲֲܽĿ
ˣҶֳܴൽȥ
϶ڽƱ硣
ȫȡǲȡģһҪϸ绰ǸһոCTӡ

**
²òͷСʱҶżովҽԺĵĶȴ
һЮ˽ǰѵô𣿣ǳѪͳ˶ʮܣ
ҵĪȥ̲ˡ
˵󲿷HPVȾ̾ͲôձˡϾҽԱҽ¹ʵܺ߾ǸΣ¶ȺˡʲôǸΣ¶ȺǻϴҸġ
ԻѺãҽҶĿϾûסü죺ڵôͲһһ԰һ㣿

գҶ黳ž޴ѹڰĿˡ
ֻǵ̨ϣʿȴûаȥòͣǴһѯſڣ
ҶãΪԤSSSVIPؼײָͣ⣬ҪһľȶԷרҵѯʦз̸˽⣬
ҶˣһҪٳԷ𣿡
ǵģΪոʱԸǿȹĴҲһ֣ܼĿѹ

Ҷѯʱ̬ȶģСʱԼ̫ȶˡ
ΪȶԷÿһ൱޴⡪
ĸ׺ϰһˮȾĸ׻Ǿϰ壿
ΪͨҶֻҧгݵϰ壡ϰ˰ɣ
ѯʦźʼ磺˼ĵµԼܷТϰԻĸֻһʮ֡

ˣĿ⣺һڷƨϰ壬ÿγʵָϰɵģΪϰ嶥
Լܲˣ
ɶĽ⣬ִ
УΪ棬Լֻ躹˵Ѱˡ
ѲҶ飬ЦȻΪϰ嶥
źˡ
ҶҪףѵӦþٱϰ𣿡
⿼Լȫ˼£Ϊ˹˼ͬǵĽӦÿͨ磻ڶӦôϰȥ飬Ͼƨ˵ãΪӦʱ̹ذϰ塣
ĿĴ˭ģʲôƨѯ
ѯʦʼ磺ǽṩģȻ˽˵һӦӦ
ѯʦ˵꣬ҶͼԷڡŭꡱϴһ

ãǼϰһӰ࣬ҹϰķ䣬ʾįˣô
Ҷ鲻شˣǿˣǽģÿⲻô𣬶Ǵġ
ãһΪȨһ⣺ϰǱѣô
Ҷ̲ˣһеģΪʲôҪѣ
˼˼ѯʦ̬ͦãҲͦʵڣ̹׵ǻˣҪһٵ⣬еΪˣյġټһ£ٵͽˡһ⣬˷ܼ֣

ҶԼҪԷˣΪѾˡ
ҶΪѾǼޣȻû뵽ûꡣ
ȫ챨涪ϣһط˷Ȼܼͷ
֬ʣҵҪôһ㡣
飬˿飬ȻиˣӾЧȴ֮𣬻Ҫ
Ҷֱ޿ֻ̣򹤣ֲм鸹͹йϵ𣿡
ôûϵأ˿ڲ裬ҲѧҶȻĲˣм鸹ȻԹӰ죬˵һ˵ļֵۣ˵һ˶ԼûиҪֹ鸹ͣͲǰǼ׷鸹ȴܿһǷм̲εƴС鸹ܿ˵Ĺ̬ȡ
ǵ°ҪƽʱҲҪʳһˣԼĸãǻܹʲôأ
ĵسҶЦЦģͷ¶棬ұнԺÿһලġ
㳢һ󻹵ô򿨽ˬ
ŶˣȻĸ˵û꣬ʱΪϸˣ⣬һСʱס
Ҷ㶣ΪʲôװǺɫ𣿡ŴҴװܺÿ
ΪʲôΪɫǷֵ̯ϲʺϺɫʲôϵأ

һ㣬ҿ챨ϵĳ£ĦЦЦǴӽˡ
Ҷ¶˾㵵ı顣
֮ǰǰ󷢴ȱظ𰸣ΪĦҲ͡
Ҷı鿴Ҫըˡ
ûи᣺ŶˣȥһȡװǻƵ̫Ѩеû˯ãȱȾûˡ
ҶȻǸ߼ݿȵ»Ҫ㲻Ҹ𣿡
СҶǰ㵱ϰʱ򣬻ɲô˵ġΪӦ24СʱΪҴϾҸҵ׼嵽Ĺʣڶ˽ʱҲԤȨ
ڣȥݱȣסҪģϾһָҸеEMBAﶨһѵǵúúϣԺڼҲܺȵĿȡ
ҶҧгݣƵУῧȵҪĸǻˣ͵ݡ

˸ǷЩʵҲӦ˵Ͼ㶼ǺϤġ

ܣ׳ʲôˣ²𣿡
մҶ˳ȥݿȣѰʹϷһ˰칫ҡ
ܣǲǶʲôģȷˣشǰûע⵽ڰ칫Ҷ飬ֻŽ⣬һ˫۾ﻹݵίԲŰѺĻ¸ȡԭҪְֵλ˵ҲѾ˱ˣ
һ𣺡
ڼޣ˵ǰ˻飬һ˼ҵģڶûˣѰٻȰȰס
һߵҲûʲôìܳͻһĲã뽪ʾ
ͦõģ˸õġ˿ڲ裬ָָվһߵҶ飬ҵ
ſҶ飬ЩȵҶ飿
⵱Ժ󲻽Ҷ飬TomҶǷЦЦΪҼǲ̫ס̫ҪϢ֣ͳһžͽTom
ô֣ϹȻ¶˱ĵɫ֪ܿԼҲû¡
ָָѰҲ̫ҪҲҪиӢӽJerry

**
ҶǺ߳칫ҵġ
Ȼ֪Ϊ˱Լģʲô⣿
Tom and Jerryè
ҶûʶԼ˼άȫˣĲϷŭţΪʲôѰǵܵJerryԼֻ䵱Ǹ챻ĴèTom
ֻû뵽ҶѰҲû⵽ȥ
˸һ칫ңˡ
Ҷ飬㵹ͦġ
Ѱƺ̽JerryĽɫôTomҲ֪ϢͨţѾҵɫǱߵõڲϢ
һһʼûûϳҽºͽһȣΪŽܵĳģܾܿ»Ҿ˵Ȼúõôᱻ˻飿
˫ĿðؿҶ飺û뵽㣡
ǰ¸ɻʱҾ;㲻öһҪŮλĲģû뵽㾹Ȼ֪ܹܣ֪֪Сƻһ˵ճɾ˽ܣɧ꾫
ҶԭȻһѰĻֻѪͷӿһĲ죬ƾʲôңô⣿οܲǴ򹤵ģΪʲôԼݵλǿأôһҹ
˰ɣǿ㣿ǣٸԼأǽŮˣҵгɳòףﶼȺеĽ㣬˻𣿻Ǳ㣿Ҳվӣ
Ѱͨ뺣ΪԼѾɹλˣôģҲõϽһˡ
TomҵţJerryŹ㡣ָָָԼ˫ٰۣʾԵָָҶģǵպĺβͣҶ㡣

ͦϷս꣬ŴҡڵˣTomһվԭأƷζԼ̵֡


16 
ҶԭΪص, ڹ޿ˮȻû뵽ʵȫۡ
죬ǲתÿæ, æһ־ʲôҲûĸλְԭĴͬÿ춼ڴ, ȫǻԹҪκרҵ
ҶԼĹ֮Աǣһ, ⾹ȻӡװֱǱ
ȻҶһνӡңͷ⡪
ȫʹôӡ
˾ÿ˷·𶼻á
ǿ, Ȼǲ޴ġ
ӡӡ˫ɨ衢䷢͡װ
Ҷڵ˰Сʱ, ˻, Ȼ⡭
ʱ, Ĵ绰ҲˣŮʦTom, ļ״ӡûУȥһСʱˣӡ㶫ʮӣ
Ҷ˴ӡһۣ򴽣ֽˣάӡĹʦ绰
Ӻ, Ͱڵӡҡ
ҶָָӡͦӲԼⲻҵ£Ǵӡ
û˵꣬ͼ⿴һ۹ҳ, Ȼ, ؾͰӡҸǰ巭, һۻҵĲҪӡһһǰͲ򿪣ȻֻӡڲһۣͰ˽ȥ
һӺޱ־׼شӴӡڲһͰ͵ֽ
ȻذѸղŴ򿪵ĸǰͲԭڲϰʲôӡ
Ҷ鱻ţе㲻Ȼƿߵûй涨޴ӡ
µ˾Ȼ治ɫȸ״ұҲӦôlowĹ
Ȿͦƽͣ⻰ͳˡ
Ҷһû䣬йɰӸϿ㵽Ҳˡ
LowҶ飬ͦǰɣþǴӣûмǲǣְ֪֪һʼľЩǣΪҶûһǮְ֣Դͷֻlow
ûȻӣһ˾תûЩӵĸԸλȥ֧ϲܹҵţ⹫˾ܺ𣿡
Ϊĸ߹˭ǰеģǹ˾ײĴ𣿡
ǣҪѧ޴ӡֽ⼸ְ˵ĬϼܣΪ㲻ÿζ绰άޡ
ԼϰʱҲֻӲĹɵĹжԼҪһļֽʰӡʱҪ˵Ϊֽ˲ܽ᲻Ϊ޹ģȻᣬֻ⡣
⿴Ҷ飬ѵõࣺϰҪǹ˾ӪҲǸӵĻΪ̫ĹͲҪǡǡ෴ԽĻܲãԽһ˵
㲻ᴦֽҽҪļӡʱ͵ұѡļŪϽȥ¥ӡ꣬ά޵绰İõظɵȡһ
ȡĿֽҶһ۸ֵˣ˿ûô
Ҫһذ칫ңͨߵ绰ûʲôҪæǵTomJerryǹ䣬Ҷʱˡҧгݵﾡãúøѵ£
ⶼʲô˰⾹Ȼһ˲仹ʡԼǲǶҶ̫ˣž˷Ƕ򲻹
˻ĥҶһ߸ϵĸëǽĥĥɣ
**
Ҷӡұ˵˸ͷ֮෢ԼҲ޷ûԽӽǷ⣬˴ûлλ˼
Ȼܶ˿һĹȷʵûм˾תȷʵ벻Щ˿
⿿ŴԽ񹷵·ϣһа˵Ҳôһ
ҪҶʹ˳ϴǲܵġҶǡ
ͷϵͷںĹԼ֤Լ
ԼĽӣȻǻᷢģ
ֻҶĺ׳־ûȼ룬ͱĵôֲɸѰˡ
ѰվĿſڣӭҶıֱüɫˡ
ӴⲻǽǰֿȵTomôóżͱ乬˰
һֻԳԿǰ˵˾ģͺǽܲ˵Ĵһһһ磬ǶһݰɹŮܾһ𣿻ûλأǼӰڵĶ֪˰ɣŮܰ˳죬Ҳ˵µءΪһʱĶΪܺŮƽƽˡ
Ц꣬ҲûҶͶ
һ磬Ҷ͸Ƶľûͣ
Tomݸȣ
Tomȥոݣ
Tomȥ¥ز˹Ŷز˰
TomСֶӢҵ£
Tomûֽ͵ֽ

ΪѰͷĿȻҲҶ鶨λ˲ŵ´СܣҶÿλŭļͱŽ
TomǰɣҰЩĵű浵¡
Tomи˫PPTˣһһ°ɣ
TomЩļҪֽ
Tom
ҶⱲӶûִӵ£Ȼת޷ܾЩĻΪûбôŵĹĽչȥˡ
ĿһĿİҪӰѰȻҶùTomҲ¼Ӱ࣡
Ҷ鱻ĥһ죬۵òУͼҵһĿĿӰҲûаΪʲôҲҪ£
㲻Ӱ㻹ʲôࣿ㿴ǣһз׾ΪңأʱȴŻؼ͵ܣȻҲܰæ̬ȾͲԣǽܶûߣһСְԱ𣿣
Ҷۻһ죬°ˣֱ㱻Ѱ
˵˻𣿽׬ǮԼ׬ǮǶģԼǮ°ǲԼøײ˵ǮѵҪ-۵ģ
¼Ӱǿ㣬͵ĸͰҳϣ
ԼȱǶһϰˡ
ϧѰ⣬ѹûյҶɱ⣬ֿʼ̾õ˾Ǿˣҳϣǲ˶ձҵ϶ûԹϰɣôҳʣǼסֻҪѰúùԺһԣ

Сʱ󣬡ϡͱԱ͵Ҷ˵
ʮһеĿʽ˾ԭϡϴ۴ıǩû˺
⣿
Ҷֱǿըˡ
뵱ԼֵĻʯȥ˾İٵϣ䵽
κݵת躹ޣҲûбİ취ˡԼѾꤡ
ҶʹθҰο˾˾ɣɽڲûգֻнʱԼƷʵ׷ǿߵ̣ߵ
ֻǸռһ˾ŽǰվӼѰͻȻվܺã
Ѱһĸղ̬ǫģܣǲΪҵһ¥ȻӰأΪ˸õļӰ࣬ҳˣϡ
ΪȾĺýƨԼֶλ
ǿЦ
ֻҶ黹ûüı꣬ѰԼ
TomҪ
ƨ¶һʧɫģôԳ˾ĺ콪
Ƭ˾ȥȵĺ콪Ƭʲô⣿
Ѱһ޷𣺡ܣƽʱ̵޷TomȻҳԺ콪
ŵǲǷǽ𣿳Խѵ˼Զǽ𣿣ôУְҲãǼͥҲգôѹŮ˵ͷأܼһǹ˾Ҫǻʲôǰ;˾ͷ̼ʶ̰
ѰԼˣʦصҶ飺Խ·ϣԢͲãTomΪ֪֪ܻܳԵ𣿣ٳһ齪𣿣죡Ľ

ӰʲôôţѵΪ˻һ𣿡
ѰǱͳյ֣·ǰҶӰĲ˿һԴǵܣһǲû»żӰģ㿴Tomˣ°˻ڹ˾˷ѹ˾ˮλ۾ʣҲҪȱ˸ߣ˵Щôÿ쾡޶˾ë

˴켺ͬʱع⣬һһǼڼּңдҷ緶Ӳռ˼ëƤıˣ˼άʽţǺͼͥйأǧҪŵԵġ

ҶԼһο챻ˣǻƽȮۣ뵱Ѱ˵ôͷָɣˣԼ˵仰Ƕ
ɶĻֵǣһֻվһߣȻӿڴͳһӣһѰҶ飬һ߾׼ӣԴϷģΨ²ҡ
û֣ѰһӴӣܣôܳţ

ӵĽе⣬ѵѰ˫깷ŷܷ䣿Ҷ鲻ԳԽԼҲԳӣ
⻹ûüĹۣѰԵ
ӿôӲôýôȥأֿǩͬĽ֣˲á
TomTomﲻиг黣о׻˵ĺãԼԼгϢTomúãȫԤʾδܰӣҶ黣



17 
Ѱ
Ȼ˱, ҶһڱﲻסˣһҲܲˣ
Ҷ˿ˮԾƽŽЩԹ޵Ϣ, ôңΪ㣬ΪƣһľǽǺֶӼ𡣡
ʲô£Ҷ, ҵģҪԼ⣬Ϊʲô, ҪʡȻڵΪԽ㱨űѰиҽӴʧԼ, ͼ˵ҶѰˣڲҶˣTom, ֪𣿡
ҶԽǱ, ɳ, Խ滺Ȼ
Լϰ嵱ϰĸоǸ
Ҷһ, ֱܸˬTom˿ֲ֣Ҫ̬Ҫ, ڵ趨һӭж⣬ˣҪԵҪϵ, ܲԼ, ӵƵ, understand
޸غ˿ڿ֣ˡֱԣѰǲ㣬˶ġĸλ
ⲻΪģȻŭҶ飬̧ˣңȻ֮ǰѰӡҲãϹȣһͺٻƨû뵽ǺϲҸտսͷѰײ꣬Ŀ˶ǳһµش֡Ǻ˽¹ϵһúܺãȻҲϲɼԡ
Ȼһº˵ȻżһЩСܱȽϿӸ˼ʽǸϼǲôԼͬض֡
ȫǣҲĲ˵Ǹ൱вߣҶԹ޵ؿ˽⣬ƽǴôõˣͻȻǰͣ㲻Ӧø𣿡
Ҷ鲻˵ãһ˵ⶼ̲סЦ˿֣ôôҶ飺Ҷ飬档ãǮúøְ̬
㽲֮ǰ⣬ǵƶȣһи߲㣬걻Աͷ֣ǻῪ𣿡
ȻԾе󣬵Ҷ룬ǻشˣȻᡣ
ƲƲ죺ϼ֮ȻìܣЩҪߵϼŶӵҪҲӦߣڳ徢ǿϼ¸ɻҲɢϼˣϰӰ࣬㹤Ҫ100֣ΪԱῪ𣿡
Աֻ͵޴˵ȻϼԹޣԱֻΪοһи߲㣬㱻ºܶ˶ҲͲУ෴ܻǷǳҷĹ㣬ҲΪ¾Ϳ
ⷭ˸ۣǲˣ
Ҷüʲôˣ
Ʋ죺ѰΪ¼˵Ȼìܣһ֮ҲܾͲο˿Ͼ㿴ĲҵĻ
Ҳǻ͵ˣط䵽򹤣УˡҰŹһǺŹ𣿣Ʒ⣡̱ΪѣС˵־ҶҪȻݵλû䣬ʱԸҲŤˣǹȥǸˣ
ȫȫǸνʼ磬֪ΪʲôǰǲŶ𣿡
ΪֻҵνҲ߸˼˼Ŀ˱׼ȫԱϰ壬֪Ǵ÷ѰҲᱻ
˾ڲܣȻǲŲôˣѰҪ飬ܲļ˲ôȻҳ˴
Ҷ鳶˳ǣûôǿȨĴֶкôˣˡ
ֶǾкôЦЦȻǴ˾ҲῪѰǶ֣ȫӵϰ壬ͻѰĺҪ㴩Խˣǲ̸ְˣְˣǲͰˣ
һ쵼һ´֣пܲǿڱĺãǲţ޷ѶԷֻ˼ֺ˼ҸϽȥĵطĥˡ
ҶȻû뵽ƣҲЩסˡ
ˣ򹤣ؿһۣĳĶԷļ磬ԣѰǲܿģ㻹ǺúŰɡ
ǰѰôҵģô㣬ͳԲˣ㲻˲Ӧüǿ㣿һŮ
ôһҶȻЩҧгˣ˲ܳŮˣǷҳԵ
׳ĺ׳־ý̲סžžžTomǵģͣҪи˵ӣ˾Բ˵Уڣȥɡ
ҶȻЩûӦ΢΢üʲô
գգ۾ָָӣˡ
Ҷֱ˼ȥ
ǵȻѰ𣿳Ա㶼һСʱˣýˣ
ûٵǰҶʱ˵ģ˶ԼһҪҪҵʱ°ýƽʱҪʳȻ䵱
һͷһ밡˵ʮеȻҶܱTomҷǳжԼҪݾ񣬾ṩغͶ٣Ϊʡ½ѣĽҵ
⽲ɨһҶ飺οˣһҪúýģȻôǿӰأϾǴ򹤵ıǮȥɣһҪһСʱ

ҶȷʵĹ⣬ԭԣͿʳѾһȻȻϰߣҪ˼ලֻһ̬ȣÿҶrefreshķʽϲܽĸо
Ȼ
ȻҶվܲϣֻÿһӶڼ尾
һʶʱ򣬽һܡ
Ѱĥһ죬ѾˣֻشԱգ˶
ܾõϰҪ˳ᢲ࣬ײ˲öԹ˾ӪֻҪͰϼ´ָˣ浱˵ײˣŷֱԼ۶ˡ
ײȷʵҪǹ˾չΪǸûʱȥǡÿϼĻ͹ˣѰԼ֮⣬Ҳ췽ҹ̷뵽һһһҪĿɹʷͼһҪͶЧ
ҶǰϰʱҲûҪЩȻԼֻ軨ʮӿĶԼˣŷּǻеظԵճݣҲҪѾ޴Ĺ
ǴӾǶĻһҶԼ۶ҪϹˡ
Ѱġϡʵ̫ϣû˾ֱȽһСʱӺҶѾֲ嵽ǽ㱻Ƕˡ
⵹ûһҪ˶һСʱȻΪȱȻɶ
Ůڽװ˸ͷ㲥ģԼɳһ߿Ҷ齡ֱһ߻鿪󺰻
Ҷ飬ҪҲǿڴʱˣ˿˵У
ѽܲٶôԼˣǲ˰
е󰡣㲻ÿֽǲƭ˰

Ůߴߴ˺þãڽ⡪
Ҷ飬ҽ˲С˹㵱Ҳ֪Ҳᵽ˴˵ļҪǿϺúøҵǸ¾ˣҲ㡣㹤ؼԺžš
Ǹ±Ӱɣ
ⲻ͵Լʼ㷭
ҶǾԲС˵־Ķͷģ
ҧܲһ߹ŲӼԼϵĵߣû
Ҷ鴭ԾɺǿӲ㲻Ҫ֤䵽˵ݺҲԸʶŵͶҪƫƫԸҪ㿴ʲôǿߡ
ǿߣʲôݣ˳沨ǽ𣿣ҶԼԼ֣ԲýóѿЦ
˶˶ӲûţҶ黹Ǽǿسһ轡ɳ
ԭɵϰߣȻǰڶǽɫɳԲݣûбУԽԽˡ
з棬Լ͵͵ԣҲ֣ᷢҶǿҵûа취Խ¡
˳ԵָըʳƷͺŷ˲ųԵһԼһӵннľӢֶܳǶԼȥʮıѣ
ǽɳѾˣҶû취ˮ
ֻҪȱˮˣͲ
ˮãܷܽԼ̬ȣ
ǣҶ˺ܶˮҹͿԼŬԼȽҽԺ
**
ҽô°Ӧɣ˵ͷܣ¥˺üβôƵϲ϶аɣͻȻεˣ֢ɣ
֢ģأҲóҩ

Ҷ˿Ծͷ£ڲϣԶڴ̸顪
ǾǵˣֱҩƷʲôûʲô˵Ĵ谡ʮûô˰
Ů˵˼άͦԾҽûüشµˣУˣҽҪĻ°Լڼεˣ㹤𣿹˾Ҫ⳥ɣ
ҽ⣬һ֣ϰ壬ˣˣҪӦòðɣӦԼ̫˰ɣҲ֪ôô飬һСʱ˶ûˣԺ϶ǲˣ

Ҷ黹Ǻܣһӵо𡱵Ҷ־رҡ顭
˰˾ͺ˾ͺã㲻㲻顣
ҶתֻȻ϶Ҷ鲻飬϶ҶͬͲûʵ廯ɡÿĵĻˡ
ҽ˿ȣҶףˮжˡ
ˮжˮж
ǣ˵ڵˮԶųѪ͸ѹ½ѭѪ࣬ѧҲϡԵѪ֢ҽЦЦ漴ҲЩɻ󣬡ٴϺٷָ඼ǳԡΪ˲ôˮλߣΪʲôҹôˮ
Ҷ鹣ŲӣƿߣŬ򶨵ͻȻеʡ
˿Ҳôˮ㲻óŵû𣿡ҽֹһεˮжˣǸ˺ΪûԣûֻܺˮӲȳˮжˡһСҲôĪôˮһֱȻرʣ
ҶôܳԼҲΪȶˮжˣڽɻǿά˸ղŵǺ˻ÿڿʣܾͺȶˡ´λעġ
ˮж֢״ᣬֻҪָܻˣõСӣܽ϶ûġ
õҽĿ϶ҶھðһǣƳ˽һۣߵûõúܣҡ
ֻû˵꣬ҽСӣҽȥȫ׼飬ڿʼ˯һֱ÷ڿʣֲˡ

ܺãķǳãϴˣˡ


18 
ǰÿν, ڶҶ鶼ˬģȻжһ, ҶֻȫĶڿܣΪ꽡ϰߣ⵹ûʹÿһϸ·д˾ܾһٽ, ֱһֱļӰ࣬ľƣ
ΨһҵǣڸˮжǺˡ
ΪӦѰƶĴƶ, Ҷ͵˹˾λ޾ɵشǷ
Tom
Ҷ黹ûɢԼ, Ѱ̧ɤŲǲ
ȥԤң
ϯ֪ͨòλ߹, ׼, ж˲赹ˮҿȥŪҪȫи߲, Ҫǲ׼
˲赹ˮҲҪ𣿡Ҷ鿴ԼλϵŮʵϰ²Խ𣿲ġ
Ҷ黰û˵, Ѱش˵ʲôŮģ˲赹ˮȻе´ƸˣȻһֱɡ
˵, Ѱ񿴱ƵĿŮʵϰŮʵϰҺͱĲģûֻֽǮʵϰˣûÿ϶ͺ˵Ҫְؼҵȫְɷˡ
ĿҪҵǰģûŮԱôŪԹҵͥȫΪ˹˾ҷ˸Ҹ, һӿԼŬò׵ŵС쵼, ı, Ǳֺó˺ģΪǣŶôȥɻ
Ѱⷢɢ߶߶˵һͨ͵͵¥ȥˡ
Ҷ鲢û취ԸѰֻѰģ᲻Ȥôlow˶ֱԼΡ
˵ףҶĻŻصԭʱյᶨΪ˿̵ĻԼֻҪ΢躹ôݵһʱ䣬˾ͲҪ̫ͷ𲻱Ҫעˡ
Ҫӵ͵Сʻ괬
ҶûкѰһʶŵȻȥôúʰ׼˻ҡ
Ҷ¸߲ķֹҲ֪ͬһĸ߹ܣְȨСҲ΢һҲϯ˳ϡҪǰͬһְȨĸ߹ְȨСĺ棬Ƿǳ˵ģϾЩС۵ĸ߹ܾͻΪ˷ˡ
ֻͨײԱϯʱײȵĿӶҶԸڣ趯Խͷٰڷϯ
豸ϼ׼ˮ׼ҲЩͶȻϣ¶躹ޱѰͻҶҲɿˡ
ʣµ֪ͨ߹ܲλĹȻҲѲʼ֪ͨҶԶʽÿ߹֪ܶͨ˻ʱ䣬ûȷյظĸ߹ܣٴ˵绰һ绰ģ¼˵绰ݡ
Ƚվλϣͳһȱϯĸ߹ϯλɫȻ̫ÿ
һ㲻⣬ΪʱҲտսǲãһٿ߲飬ôûй飬ȺϺôܶӶӡ
ʷǾ˵ƣҪʲôҶ鼸һ
ȻֽǰɵĻеϾҶĻǲԸֱɱţҪҶ鲻⡣
Լֱߴӡõʼ֪֤ͨԼ¼ϣ²ؼ׼Թ۽ⱻȺϺظЩ߹ܿ϶ûӵ֪ͨҶѾ֤ݣҪڹǲܵġ
ֻԤнѧԼǰӷŭûз
Ȼû𣬶ֱڻһȱϯ߹ǵĵ绰
壬ԣǽ⣬ǰ轲ҵһǿᣬʹҼ棬ãҵ㡣
ܣǽ⣬˵岻ˣǻشµɣλᣬͷҸ٣Ҳ̫

ŽǫһԴ绰Ҷֱǲ뿴
Ϊûۿ
ȺϺ꽲ǹǸûõġ
ǫ£ͨˣ㡣
ֻǽȻģ̬ǫذи߹֪ͨһ飬һ㲻öݡ
һսһ֣ڻҵԼĸ߹ܵСʱȺȱϯϺһ١
˼ܣûӵ֪ͨ
ҲûС
СҲǵģôû֪ͨλأ
ȵľһ̡
ҶŲӣ׼õȫϣ֪ͨҶ֤ˣǷ͹ʼţе绰֪ͨ¼⡭
ϧҶĻû˵꣬Ҳûϣ;Դ˸ĺɸ֣Ҷ飬ĲλӦ̵ǸҽڽƱ磬һѾõļϣ
΢Цſ˼߹ܣôƭˣҪյ֪ͨôܲλᰡǲѽ
ǰǰ
û

Ҷȫ׼ȴûϵ֮֡λ޴ǡ
Ľ⣬Ϊ˺͸߹ǱֺƽȻԼˣ
ȻҲܲҶ֤ݣ͸֡
ϣŮ˻һתֶŸ߹ЦټҪ͹˾δһ
ȷʵǽﻰ
Ϊһʱ䣬ȽϤ˻һֱı䡣
ȻˣҲӦþܣӦʲô
ôõĵӣҪΪ߶͸λԲߣӾö֮ϵӶŶԿڸӣֲźôʵŤΪӯˡ
ԼǴӻģԹ˾ĳײ˽⣬ܼϤҵ滮飻ܹעҵ򣬶ڷҵڶ̬ҵԺҵкĿԽӣͶ
Ҷһ߹Ҽһԣ˽ÿ߹ܵسǵسӵ£óʲô˾ȥʲôλ
µȻڳĸ߹ܶЩ죬ܿ죬߹϶¶ЦݡǶõԼҪĸλ

ţֻҪԼ㹻ֿᣬֻҪǫѧòԸúøżλ߹ѧϰҲԽ޴̫˴أһӮЩ߹⣬ԽԽõġ
һ飬Ҷλ˶һ͵ˡ
߹Ǵɢˣ᳡ֻʣ˻ŵĽԼŸɨβҶ顣
ˣ˹Ȼⷢˡ
ǹ˽𡣡ҶӡĲϣҵĹÿһ֪ͨˣҲ֤
λЧŸ裬ʼ磺أѵôҵģŲǲ֪ͨһҧʧְ𣿡
ȷʵʧְΪûԤϵܷʼǷˣ˵ƾӡʼҳ𣿵绰֪ͨ¼𣿴¼汾ʲôҲûС
ǸЭ̵ͨĹΪӦֻɾͺãҪұʶҲҪվϰȥӦöԸ߲֮΢еĹϵԤϣԤ
˦֤ݣָϸ߹ѣҶݺݴԷ
Ҷؿ˽⣺Щ㶼ûУҵ㣬û
ÿÿ𵱳£Թ޺ͲʣûվҶ
⧲סˡ
ԼʱίȷʵȫûʡԼǷ⡣ҶһᣬŻȻʶҲĸõġ
ҶȻ̬ȲƢ˵Ļȷʵһ
ֻҶĻܿ˽Ҫʡġ
ǲҵȺϺ꣬԰ѺڹұҶȫûйͨζǿӲִ˳̫ˣûҵΪҼܳ飿ֱΡÿ߹̫ܶʴˣǿɲʴȣǸ㿴ɫɡ
ҶһƶЦǽֱجΣû
ⲢųƽȶԻȻҶָ߸ʡ
û֤ҵĴҪվϰĽǶȥ룬ȷʵûҶ飬λ˼ˣСǡãҲʧȥݹҲǣڸղŲµ߹ܣƲ˦֤ݡ
ҲУҵ֤ݣûĵעǰҲȥµ߹ƲԼΡûСɳĻҲûݸڵ˵ĵ
㵱ʱѯʹûУֱӿñûãʱҸôش𣿼֤ݣҲֻ̱Ϊûбû˳ֻǸΪ򹤵ְˣڿ̬ȵ£Ҳðȥˣ㵱̬ǿӲ㣬¶ҵ֧֣ҲԸðա
οԵʱ˵ʵνҲںǷңֻںǰɱӺΪҳѵ߹ܣֻҪմﵽ߹ܵЧˡ
ںңῼıһ͸߹֮ʲôѴȻԼָϸ߹ѾҵĴ
ͦ˱סҶ˻ȥԲðԼ˵ôίֻ˺㵱ʱһ£ҪԸ߹ܰõ̬ȣ׳֦һֻ۱һֻۣ㵱汳Ϊ͸߹ܱȽϲҪ
ֱͦ˽⣡ҶúóְԼҶϰ尡Ҫˣ
㵱ҵĿĵĹˣԼҲ˾ˣȥûĵײ˿ǣھ͸ᣬ侳ҵʱĸܡ
TomʵֻнܣҪʲôֲָֻţ
Խ˵Խҵ˵ܵĸо´ʵֻ-ѹǸ-ҲŲһһƽ͵ķʽ˸Ž
Ҷû뵽⾹Ȼ༥¶˿Ҫ۰ı飺ڸЦ𣿿л
ŵص˵ͷҲôѧǰúõоµÿ˶ûܹԼóһǸ˾ְ˾ԽԻͣ
ĵǲѧҶǿЦˣü˱У㵽ʱҡ

ţ
ֱĪ
Ҫ㲻ö-õķʽҲԹҵŲҶôϲ
ǲ㣬ǵɱԽ棬Ҹ
ƳҶһۣ˺ܲпᣬҿɲΪ˾͵ǽϧġ



19 
Ȼݵ, ҶûתȻ⵱ЩϺôݷ˵˺ڹֱܴ衣
, û뵽º󾹻ѵⲻҵ
Լѵ
Ҷʰ˻ңصλշ˼ʼѰһЦس˹
СҶѰɤ, һĴǰᣬеҶļ磬һԸ͡
Ѱһ˵, Ҷġϡ˾Ǿܾ, е¡ޱؿѰһ, Ҳϲաϡ
, ǲ, йˣҪ, ǳвͣ㣡Ѱܼ֣СҶ֮ǰ, Щ㣬Ǹǰӣ
ҶüȷʵҲʶѰ̬ȵת䣬ɲԼСҶ, Tom, ѵҪǰӣ
⵱ȻҲǲ, ΪˣǲزסģѰϵˣؾԼķͬһ㣬Ҫ޸ϵҲǲ⡣
ȻʱҲûдԽȥĿܣѰ׳͵֦ҶҲǲȥһ¡
**
Сʱ󡪡
ҶɳСԵƣֱš
Ѱǻ飺СҶţ֪ƽʱѣûʲôԷúó԰һݻؼң

ˣܸˡѰ˵꣬ͳɳСſڻ˻֣
ѰҶ飬ܵҵֶŮϴοǹ˾ŽƬ㻹㽻ѡ
ѰһзֳŮŶ룬˵ѰòôֶŮǳûͦãǿС˵㣬ǲഺʮġ
Ů󣬽ֽ˸ͦõ󸾣ҲʮͷģŮһͦԼŮĸס
ȻֱװҶ൱еģͬʱҲЩմմϲԼ䵽һף˸ôԼѰƯֶŮܸԼ
ֶŮҲᣬڵżΧԺܹģȻô۰Ͱ͵ؾҪ̺ԼףҲǳӣ趼ˣɼǳ֣¡
˵ǲزסġ
ǶŮл鷿ĸ˫ְݹʣͬˡȻôãҲ︸ĸۣûԸӴӴġ
Ѱѭѭյ֪֮ǰǽǺǽӦúһ󣬿ڿ̬ܶȣӦҲǹȥʽ˰ɣҵʱȰˣŮΪͣΪͲΪ˱Сɧ˷𣿡
أȻҲǺˣαڽһ
ҶȻʱû̸˼ѰԼϿɣܾ̬ҲίࣺһϲһģֶŮŲͬˣ̫ˣд
ֻصĿûгܾãΪѰԵ
ѽСҶǵģֶŮǱȽϺãˣ㿴Ӳʮ𣿣
ۣʵʮˣȻֶŮͱҴ󣡡Ѱ˵ѽʹû㽲滰û뵽ϲģǲһļ𣿾Ժûܳ죡ǳ죡

ѰҪܸԼĲʮģʮ裿
ԼһഺӢ꣬͸Լʮ޵ģ
˵׶ڽļֵ
Լֵ⣿
ѰȫûҶ˲ڵɫüȵģСҶ㿴ֶŮӶˣҲҲԺҪҪӶиˡ
ҪӣҲŮĸֶŮⲻѾŮ̳мҵҲһѹҲûУ

ż˵һ棬˵ôԼѾҪȥͶԷǼһ
ǰɳСԶĿʳٿŲ͹ССĻǰ󸾣ҶԼҸ뿪
ֻûڣԼѰֶŮȿˣ˵ҶǰɣҶ㻹⣬鲻⣬м㻹Ҫ㽲
ȻҵǮ֪һܵиڲٳ֣ҵŮڸһҪְ࿼ˣôְڼҸӹΡֻҪص࣬Ҿ͸֣֤Ȼֻͬӡ
˵꣬Ӱͳһϰᣬб߿ģ⣺ŮѧУƵϰ⼯Լĸ߿⣬һ飬ҿܵöٷ֣Ҫ㶼ˣǾͲܼˣһûӹΣҺĺ̫
֪ļͥԺǳ
ҶֱĿɿڴļͥļͥһ׾˳ɳأ
ȴҶķ˼ϵڱļȱ˵̫硣
λ󸾡ֵغ˿ɳСԵṩѴ裬ǺȳƷƷҶ⾳ָŨŨױ촽ȵõ˼֣ҶҲ⣬ҲҪŮ⣬ºŮԡ
ЦЦϾ֪Щ־ͺܶ񶾣һϣҸչ˺ҲܶԺ缺ġ
Ҷ̲ˣͳֻװӵʲôϢȻ̧ͷе£ˡ
ҶͱѰһקСҶҲǿֶһˣŶͷôãһʹĸ飬õİ취ǿʼһµġأͱٺͽܾ鸴ȼˣҲûҪϾǲǣҪԼС
ˣ㶼ŵˣ϶ˡ
Ҷؾǣҡ
Ҷֻ뿪㽪ʱӰ࣬ĸԸˣ
һҶߣѰҲˣ㽪㣬ʲô£϶ǽǧڰ˯һΣҪܶ˵ڰֶŮܸ㣬úðգ
Ҷ鲻ΪѰˣ㲻ʺϽܣҿƢҲǸҵģʺϣ̽ܺ첻ƮƮ㻹ǸֶŮɣֻҪֶͨŮĿˣֶŮԸһһһ˫ˣ
һҶˡ
Ѱܰʲôģ
Լܶأ
˵ԭΪˡɢԼͽ⣬ֹԼͽ١áϣᡣ
ҶЦ£˵ˣϲҵģϲƢĴ
Ҷ鱾ɷ´켺Ҳ֮ˣһ룬ĵ绰ˡ
ҶȻôõĻᣬѰǰ˻ֻϵʾˣӼҪǵ绰ʮ֮ûң϶Ҫ˼Σˡ
Ҷ飡ȡ
ѰĻ˵꣬Ҷһɿ߳ɳСԵꡪ
ûгһգԽĵ绰ڴ
һʿҶŽ˵绰
**
绰һͷΪʱһļҲӵ绰ѯҶ顣
Ҷƺл˻ûؼң°Ͼ˽ʱ䣬⵽ǰҶֱ׳Ѹ绰ʱЩ
ֻȫûԤҶ鲻ˬȫ෴ģҶУպ֣ûü˵ڣҶͼеش
Ҵˣϻؼҽ



20 
ͦ, ǰҶ黹°˵ִΪȥҽԺԭǿҪҶÿ콡, Ҷ鷴˾
߷糾͸ոϻ˾ͳһͷ˽һСʱ, ⶼȰ˵ʿɶֹӦϢˣҶ黹˿ҡ
һ߲̤һ߻̫пˣ˲Ŭ, ֵֻŮˡ
˵úãʢҪŬ, ԼֻԼ㹻, õġ
ⶼʲôʲô
ֱĪ
ܿ, ʶ, ҶķĪĲ֡
ڶ죬ϵݵʱ, ֪һԡ
ĿǸҶ飬֪ɣͦģȥˣ
٣
ǧȷ, ࣬һǮŮ˺ſھѽǸ࣬Ҿ;òһֱǹ˾򹤵, ͵ȫְɷ, Ľ
Ҫƽʱ, һúһһ춼ͷöȫû˼Ҷ飬ֻҴҾԼ칫Ҹϡ
쿪˵һοսи߲󣬽ԭΪÿ߹ܶ䵽óǵ˻ƽøΪ˳ȻŹһϣ⾹Ȼ
һʱܾҵ˽ıſڣһţ͵һݺЭ顪
̫ܰˣݺЭǩˡ
ӹͬһǹδҵֵЭ飬˷ͬǸҵ԰ĺ裬ͬĿͶʶʮڣһǩͬҪҽȥ˸ڵ
ͬĶܴҪ¡
ϧͦͱˣܣ¹ҵδ֣Ҳǽʱ֪ͨңҪ̸𸴣ҪȥǾ˾ˡ
Ȼô˵⻹Ǿùֵֹģǹڵҵ԰ûϣΪʲôѾȽˣΪʲôԽϣ
Ҫ粼֣ڹҹҵȽ临ƹȥҲĻĿǰв߷֣ΪʲôԽϣΪĿǰйͶɱҲӣԽǱ߻ǸݵأͬΪĻȦĻЧҲȽϺá

ӷһѣܣбĿ⣬ʱңܸ𣡡
ԽǵĹ飬ȻԲҵַҲе˽⣬ȫﲻмҼ𣬵һֻòܣ̫ˡ
Ҳ֪ڷҵϣѾжʮľˣɹĿҲѾۼнʮʽ𡭡

ΪͬǩսֹʱǰȻ˵ʮеû覴ãջǶסѹٿ£ΪûǮôڵĿôǩ֣еֶ׼
ֻ˲ûãܵһͨ绰ˡ
Ҫ˵ܻЦ̬Ȳģܾеͱˣģ·ֻ֪ͨһġ
ܣһĴĿǰǳãֵʮڣڿҺͶԷ˾ʼ˵˽˹ϵǰڹֹȨһУͶʻرԤ220%ͬѾˣڲOA鷳ͨ¡

⻹ûüյ칫׼úо飬µˡ
ŵв½޿״
ܣԽȨһĿӦǷ£ԼǸŮģȥ˵Ҫֱ
ܣҪֹԼ滮ȫսԲĹ滮滮ʺľȴһҪ

ûֻһЩ߹ܴ绰˽ȻΪͿԺˣĵ˾幤еͻЩ߹ܶýƻǿơ
ϵģУСһ壬ȻҪְ̫û飬У׼ûרҡ
ԲƤģܣĲԽȨǷûǰհ۹⣬˵ңȻΪ˹˾ҲҵĹ۵ģ
ֱӰʾвģСܣ㻹̫ᣬӪһ˾ܸӣɱ𲻶°ѹ˾Ūһ̲ˮʱǿɲ˼ˡ

߹ְܶˣֶڸóĸλϣⲻҵ滹˼ʽ棬ǵĶ֣ؼ绰ƤӿĥˣһҲû
汻Ҷѻ˵ˡ
ԼǫãȷʵûܻͬȵĶԴ෴Щ߹ܷ·϶˽Ǹӣһأɾ
κνһ취ҲûСȺϺ·Լõģһˣ˸֮Ȩûƽľ棬ܻŷߴٽϽͬ
ץץͷֱǽͷö
ӡ߶Ⱥȿȿֽϰȫû٣еֻǱƹξɥͽǡ
Ҷѻѵ϶
ѵа취ԼҪȥ
вУԲУԼܰ
**
߽ͷʹѣһҶҲûõȥ
û뵽Ȼ׷ǡ
Ů˻²עĿһ촽˵˰ʾζǿĺõ壬ſ˺ס
Ҷ飡ӽŮѵˣ
ҵ֣Ҳ¶Ҹһļ򣡡

Ҷǿϵ⼸֣ˡ
Ǻߵģġ
ǮʱûʲôԵܲõķ緶һʱ򣬵ǰԵܲǳϷ⼸װֵĴ°ؾ֮·ϣһӾפΧۡ
Ҷ¥Ůӭ飬ҿڵȵˡ
ҶǺڵǵı飬ϳҸжؼҺú룬ҪҵĴ𰸡
һˣҶòģǶ㣬飬ҾΪһΣҾľԣͬ⣡Լϰ࣡ȫְڼҴŮĹθҪҲԲҿԶ໨Ǯѵʦ
˵꣬һѾͰĺõӲҶ飬δκιǣҶȷʵһƬģһһؼһҹû˯ͨˣȻǸŮˣԸΪ֪϶ţҾд󰮵Ůˡ
룬϶ϲŮ˵ԭɣΪҪģֻĳܸԸŸ𣡡

Ҷϰ˳ΪȺеĽ㣬ӲΪ˽ţĽΪߵﶼעĿˡ
ȻΨһΣĿҶҪڸضʧ
ҲҪŮҲҪϽߣ
ѻظ򣬲ԴǼҵرʾ˾ܾȻȴһŵȻ飬ǲ˷ˣôӵˣϵģ

ҶǰԸҵ׺ûιɽˮľ̬
ȫԼҶܾô϶ܻӭСȤ
һݳı飬ֱҶҪɱ
ԼϾܾ壬ֱӰͷҶŮˡ
֮Ǿ˵ˣӽ㲻һĿˣŮ˵
˵꣬Ҷ˸ֿۣҶ߼Χͬ£ͦŮ˵ķ緶ǾǼҶͬ°ɣᣬʲôǿҪԺǽһǺϲŶ
Һûκιϵ
Ѿˣ
ݣҶ޿̣ڻǱ˾ֻϧŮԺ󲻽ûߣЩ𱸵ؿҶ顣
СӣЩȷʵӰݣǻҪߣ׷ﲻΥҲ̸ˣ˵ȶ˼ʾģҲ㲻׾ϸڣָԺұ£˷Ѿ
Ҷֱըˣôͼˣˣ
˺ָҶ˸ǣ飬°Ŷ˵꣬־ˡ

ҶһֱľˣȻû뵽˵Ļ
Ȼص칫Ҹ£ݾ͸˸̳ӡ
ĿһеıŮļǿû
ͬ·˲ֳƬҶ鱾ΪҶ֧Ȼȴ۽硪
ͦ˧ġѹŮôıס
񱨾ˣ˵Ǳɧŵģļٵİ
϶ٵģӬ϶˼ҵǮŻᱻ˼֮϶޹ְ̲һߵ˼ңһ߻˼ҵǮһ߻¼ҡ
ŮĿűöడǸ͵ģ϶벻Ͷɡ
û뵽ˣǸǶԶˡ

ҶҲû뵽Լ߲ܺûбͬ飬ˣͼΪԼȻԼķԺܿûĵ٩Ͱˡ
ûһȥ¥ԺSPAѰְҶе˰칫ңʾʾظ˼빤ּܼ򵥣ҶǽзˮԺԼˣѰԻذмӣԺҲˡ
Ҷ鲻ӣǾ͡
Ҳ֪ģҶһֱϸҪûиһĹϵҿ϶ӸҪˣ㶮ҵ˼ɣ
Ѱ൱Ȱԣ뵱TomСҶҪԼǺˡˣһߴ·һӵ£

ҶޱشѰİ칫˳ʱ䣬Сʱ°ˣУ˵ҪſڶԼΧ׷½ء
ҲǸ¡
ҶҪѻ죬õĲ黵飬ѵԼҪȥ
У˲Ůˣ
ҶԼܰ


21 
һСʱǰ, ⻹ԼܰһСʱ³ֵķݿܺЭ, ;ðȥˡ
ĿغͬܺܺõĴԹ˾ĲŵȷʵֻƤë
Ҷ˭뿴ų
ȵȡ
Լת˼ά, ˣԼҶϰ壡ԼѲĺͬҶæ˳𣿣
ϰ, Ҷ죡
һͨҶ˸ߵ绰
ûһ, ҶȻ鲻̫ÿ, ǳԼ칫
ó˴󽫷, ǳȻذϵļݺͬҶ飺б, ̫æˣ⼸ݺͬ, ȸԤһ£񲿹ˣû, ҵٿӦҲûʲôϾܼҽ͹ˣ㻹ҵʣ԰׷ˡ
ĿͶʶ̫, Ȼ߹ܶ꾡͹, Ͼ, е飬Ҹdouble checkȷһ¡
ҶŴһֲֻſڴһֻù̬ͬطǼƵͦϰ塣
ֻŷ˼ҳͰѺͬһͬʲô壿
㶣ôˣ
ҶЦ£ȫǿ⣬ôǩǴһڰǰܹ𣿡
⿴ۣҶ˦ϵҪƽĺͬ͵ͬܺҽҪΪͶɱתƣȫ򻯲ҪƽԽϲҵ԰
ͶɱתƣתȥԽϣĴҵ԰ĿĴչԽϳ̨Ӱ죬ҲȽϳʪȣǺܺõĴͻٰء
ͶԣԽϵͶĿǰȷʵȹڱˣԼ۱ȴ൱ͣԽǱȽеģɢͷϢЧʲߣȻнˮƽǱȹڵͣκĿԽϵĹڶȹڸʱɱǣۺһ£ûתƳɱɹӳɱ
ҶıȻҲƭƭ⺺ˣΪҵ԰á
мҰôᡭ
ȻмңԲֲܰеƭת϶Ҳɣش޷԰ɣΪ̫óˡΪʲôҪƭǩЭ飬ǵȻԼкô
Ҷ˶٣ӰԽжԽӵмˣǺԽǱ߽вҵ԰˸ڵͶʵλˣмǻܷɵģ˵һ׬٣ϲЦտƻ˰ɡ
û뵽ЦеķʱһҾģȻǼٵģ
ܵͬأС

ϣҶԼĵ㲦ܵĺͬ⣬ļ߹ܵģȻûһûèģͶʵǸĴĿԼݴֹɷݣܵĺҲͺ˽ơ
ˣȻϺ꣡
üкͬ˻ȥȻڵҶ飺ǹǴȥǿ϶ݣңʱҸôԸǣ
Ҷ鵭Ȼʵܼ򵥡
Ȼ׼ϴͼҶǷʼ磬ЦЦҲ㡣
ͬΪĹҵ񷶳룬ɰô߹ܾͲ˰ǸֻһĴTomվλ̫ˣ᲻нģǽܣ˳ᢡ
⻰ϸϸһҶһڴ󿪳
ֻǽҲ˲ϱˣиģԼվλãոԴֻҪˣȫпܽԼõĿġ
ҵ󲿷˿ʶ뵽ձʵĹһҲձȱֻǰڵͶʷҵӪǮˣǰĹΣоֿһˣ
Ҷ飬ôҿԸ㽱𣡽Լᣡ̫ľУ
ǮңҶߵ˲ţͰҷѰĲɣú𣿡
ҶԼС쵼ɲС
ûκҵֱӾӰҵĹԱΨףв岻Ĺϵ㱻
ЦЦΪá̫̫죬һʧԼڶ⵽˾ͬµļʺżЩҵİ
ҶЩҧгݣǺãβҪˣҪҲټѰˡ
⻹һ仰
ҪˬӦҶƿߣȻ⣬άһҵ

֮ǰסıͬͬ˿ˣ䶼Һһȡ
Ȼ򣺡УԺҸӣԺԼ°࣬ǳ׷ֵ𣡡
ԼΣѾҲûڣҶԼϷˣ
ֻǸ˵꣬Ҷ¶һѾı飬ͼǣ㲻
գգۣ¶ȻҶļ򣺡ҶĶ̸˶԰ɣǸʱֵĽԲϣҺĹϵû⣬û⣡Ҷ֧㣡
ҶֱҪˣҲ˼û̸
ʲô˼
˵Ž⣺ø𡣡

Ҫҳ壬ֻһȣǸѰֶŮûУ
⾪ˣ
Ҷ鵹ǷûѰֶŮңſڶҽв˵ɧţҲܹܣͱıǩˣ֪ᣬ˱ŮʼҪе˵ˣһˣⱲֻܴһղ£ͽвࡣ
ڽĿɿڴҶѧþһԿη͵ҵѵ͵ҵף

ңҺѰΪףɱ㣬ҲǸҴʮֶŮ
ҪԼܲʲôбԼ
˳˳ȲҶһʶĶ˵Ҫҽ߹ܲ¡Ҫ㲻ͻѰֶŮȥɣϾһTomһJerryԺһҲûʲôá
Щ߹ܼܺ򵥣ֱ¸µϵĸ¡˭ʺʲô˭óʲôͰ˭ȥֹʲôţǰ˺ػˮݣͰǵĸ߹ܶԵ
Ҷ飬ȻƭԼģⲻôܰѹ˾͹Ҽһأ
ǰѹ˾ÿ˶ûԼó򷢻ӡ
ԣÿϺó򷢻ˡҶ鿴ϵĺͬȻ㷢ӳˡ
޷
⣬룬㣬ͻȻս˸ܶû˵˾
ҶЦ£ȻЩְɱ˵ǻԼרҵ֪ʶó򣬸ܶ鷳㣬Ϊյһ¹˾ҪʱȥӦ˽г͹˾ӪȻЩϼһﲻʱ䣬ǻԼרҵĳﳤ̾õȹ׵㷢ѣ㽹ͷö
һȤĴУ൱˼ˡóAҵĸ߹ܱȥȫBҵҪӦµҵҲͷöţBҵֲרҵʱ͵أ
ǰѻжԲŵĸ߹ܶԵ˵ܣԭϲΪսԲսԲвԼСԱĥѹܿ޵ʱܿսȥսԲϴǰܵЩҳôܶŸɣ
ҵԼһôԸһȺ߹ܣںġֻҪǶæԹ˲Ͼ˭оĲ磿
ɡ
Ҷ˽ʣȻ侲֪ʲôÿ˴ԼóĵȷʵܳڽУôǻ˺˾Ҳ˺ÿ߹ܻԵģֻʺ϶ݵʩһʱ䣬ͨտսȥͷ꣬꽫Ϊȡ㹻ʱûôӦ˾Ҳ幫˾ӪˣҲÿ߹ܵȱˣʱϴƵĺʱˡ
ԭˣ
⼸һඥĸоԼΪҶôǲݰû뵽ȻǸеģ
꣬ȻΪսϰʱ䣬ҵ˵˺𣿡
Ҷ鿴׳յؿ۽⣺ҵϣСѧˮƽûУܻѧǰࡣ
µǱҪġҵ߹̾ԼֹܵĲձ鶼ˣ벿֮ĹϵҲΪ˽ˣܺսԲĳܲԸֹܷܵĲźͳֹܷܵȻҲԸҪЭʱͨͺ˳
ʱҪָڣѸ߹Ǵ飬ȻһʼڲìܣΪ˲תսԲЩԱεһദ֮ġ
ԭ˼˽˿ΨһķӦ
Ҷ˵Žȫû˼£ıȴ·Щ͸һ˵ĳʶһ㡣
ܴԭ֮ΪԱͨıײȰÿ߹ٵظʺǵĸλʱڱĲҲָڹͱĲԱҲϤˣЩ߹ܸϺ꣬ܵȥսԲݵĥϺýҲˣսԲڣԺʲôҪսԲͨģ϶սԲӸԴƣδ˾Эͨ͸ˡ
йᣬְǽģҺϲʶܲܰ죬ܰ죬ȫһˡ
԰ָ˴ţÿսϰվȽŸ˾߹ܵչ˾Ӫ֮ܳͨĹͨЭƣֻҪʶȣԹ˾˴ŵġ
Ҷ齲Ŀ̲סˣ㣬ȥҵˮ
Ȼǡ
Ҷ飬ȻܸмǲˣҲǽܰ
Ҷ鵹ֱ׳ˣǣǽܣֻǸ˰ҵɤӶ콲ˣһŮˣ㶮ŮҪչ˱˰

ЩҶ鿴˲ӦļֵˣͦѧõģԱƵĸˣҲǸ˳ƶΪ˲š


22 
ֻȻҶ, ⰴҶİ취½µ󣬹Ҷԣ߹ܷӦ, ը˹ͨ˾Ⱥʼ߹ǵĶcallһˡ
Ҷڽӵ绰֮ǰֻȻɾѡ˹ػ
Щ飺ð𣿡
Ҷ鵹һƵ᣺ΪʲôҪǣǵķԺͿ, ҵߣҪֶΣĺǲм, ֻΪų̹˾ˡ
̹ˣ
ƽһоˡҶʼ, иĸҲ´ָҲ, ֻҪеֿ, ûҪССֵǹս, ֱ̹һѹƽͶˡָֿЧ
ЩϺ꣬˭, ͿеǮ벻ʵĸ߹Щ߹, ҲǸ߼ˣݰݾͰݰݣһԣ㼱ʲô
ȻҶ۵򵥴ֱ˺ķչ֤˵˵Ҳмֵ
߹ַըʧܺ, Ȼϴ˼, ڽڳ˾̸ܾе̬, ⼸ϺԼʱƣҲҲɶõʱϽһǵӪ
ҶĽȻǳ֮У򴽣̧̧Ƥ飬ѹЩϺͬʱҲҪʱչԼŲӣԼˣؼλͲﶼҪԼӡ
ȥĶԼ˰⵹ѵˣǵ¹ϵˮˣܶʱ֪˵ı˭˭ĵϵĸ߹ܵݣһδˣǷԼ𣿡
ͷȥƸȻȷƸ˸ɸɾ϶ǹϵЩԱǿҪϤǣĥ϶Ҫһʱ䣬ãôڶʱԼŶӰ
ĲУҶ鵹ڣΪʲôҪͷȥƸ̫ϰĺˣÿι˾Ƴ⣬ִӸԴڲܼϣڴҸ¸߹ܹĸԸЩ¸߹ܸϹüĹʣô˷Ѿ˷Ǯ׺Աġ
üô죿
򵥡˵ȻǴǵԱҡ˵ȹϵͱʱȷʵûȫȻ˽⣬ңЩԱѾʮһλûõˡ
ҶЦЦЩûõεԱϢռ顣
һˣ̬Ϊ˴⣬ŶûΣһ֣ܿڱԸָӲ˶ͷ˾ѩأΪâ̫ǿͷ˾˳ӲˣɿǴѹĵȻΪЩԱûйϵӲεĻÿζϵռˡ
Щ˾δšԸӲģҵҵûġǶûõΣҲûۣ˵Ǿҳϱ֣Ǹˣʱǣжмʶ
ҶȻľٶԿٵõЩ˵ҳϺҲøԱף㿴õԱŬһεĻᣬԱѡˣҵսرǧԱıעǿļԼ¸ɻλᣬжɻˣ˾ƣĹҲı䡣
Ȼ
߰
Ҷ黹ĲǸݰ
˸ְ˼ʻͦһס
Ҷ飬ҪԺЩ̵ң
⻰ȥҶ鲻ˣҲƾʲôֻǸûõTomһν̽𣿡
ҧҧҶУԼòƷѵ㣬̸ˣ㿪ۣҪʲô

գͨĥӲݣںҶˡսԺ
Լϰˣּۻ۵غҶ̸ˡڱҪʱ̣ҶҪǵĹʽԽ˵͸ҲֳŵҶ´ĿԼߵһ
ڵԱϵֱת£ĿְһʵϰѰǱæƸ֮ǰȼĿæ˫ʡ
Ŭֱͦ˼óϰļ
ΪѰǣΪݡ
Ŀ˼粻ֲϹϵ⣬ܸɻԭҲԼˣԼ˽ܣݻڵˣʵϰһߣɲҪѹե

˽һӣҶŷ̯ݵĹ
Դ˾ҶȻ΢ʣ׻ǽˡ
ϾҪߵ˼Ѿˡ
ΪˣҶѾüһѰһʱ𾪰ɥҶһι˱乬ٴסܳӡˬǺˬ
ѹ˵ֵײСͨԽͻȻӵгϮĹô˻ӭҶҲòϣ־ǺˬС
ҶΪҲ൱΢ˬͬʱ־ʵе衣
û뵽ԼҶ飬гһվȻˣԲ֪С˵־̬
ΪڻΪף̬Ĵĥ£ԼҲˣ
üûãҶ͵ⲻˡ
°ؼŴǿؽͻȻŻŵس˽
죬ʰһ£׼Σ
ҶüЩĪʲôΣ
е°֣̿ҪϵеEMBA
ǰʵԤԼҶǿΡеEMBAμͥʦˣκ⵽Ҷǿҿ鷴ԣϽԸҲ£ΪǶͷöһʱ֮Ҳûٸ£񡭡
ݾҪӺλˣոҵ绰˵Ҫе¹ΣʱѧϰЧһһǧľӣϽҲβ¶ڰȻ¸ˣҾҪȥˣ
⻰ȥҶȻ¶ܣҲѧͦţȫͨõĵͨԡ
𣿡
ǵȻŮʲôʹʲôʲôŮĺʲô𰸾ǶԵģʲôѵģ
㣬ʮһȫһһ쿪ģ
´Լڶٶȣ
ҹĿǰһҵҵ˿ڴԼڶ٣

Ҷ۾еʲôϵ˭û»ֶ֪
㿴㣬ʵĿɶеEMBA⣡𿴲еEMBA࣬ǵƷ⣬ȫλ֪ʶṹ᳣ʶϵжϷ⣡
Ľ͵磬ܻеEMBAıҵ֤廪󻹸ߣEMBAǸľţͨԱҵ˽ϰΪһӵеEMBAҵ֤ˣ͵ȶĹ
ܶ๫˾Ƹҵ֤ˡ㲻ҹٲãӵ֤飬ҲٿҸŮ˽飬ӵһ룡ڿຣˣEMBAǵľݣݵԿҲô򵥣ǳǳѣ
󲿷˴ӴľͿʼָϰ׼ˣЩеְڼұеEMBAѵǴЩõѵϣ

ŽĽ˵ҶıӲмһ˵ء
ѾôˣҪԴԣкܶౣԵĻʲôspeak for him֮ģ
Ҫ˵Ȩ涼ƽˣҪʲô㿴ҪҪǶǿҪʲô֮࣡ҪǸԭ˵滷
˵Ŀڸ֮˷ʱˣͥʦϾ͵ӽÿҸǿȲΣҸʱôҿ񣬷˵ˣ㲻еĻҪɫ!
⻰ȥҶûо²ؼϲûԵΣС
㶮ʲô˼𣿴ݺ㲻Ļ̰ɨسţ㻹סΰɣ
һ˵һ߱˻ĽܵܣԺҲҪһ㻹ÿ춼𣿡
˵ϳֻҶЩҡèȻɫеڣǳ˾ϡ
ѧѧһῼ
**
һСʱҶԼͺһץԼͷ
⣡ҶɫѿУ˸ҪЩ֪ʶ
ﾾС̱ޣžžžϼ˦ɸֵҶ飬ôôͷأEMBAԾǿ⺣սˢ⣡ˢ⣡

Ҷˢһٵ󣬹Ǽͥʦ׼ʱš
ڿθ㽲ǣ֪ʹõġ
ʦ΢΢һЦָϳ˸߹󣺡ҶţΪߣҼΪʾһò͡
˿ѾϾŵˣǷ¥׼Ĥ˯ˣ˽ѧĿǾʣҶͼҽʦ
ǵһеEMBAҵҵУνˣҲ֪ģѧУʦ幤ǿȲλߣͬʱҲӰչ˼ͥǵŮżʱְҵ
ҽʦ˵꣬СĴָ˿ں裬һģ֮أΪҵְҵӴҲǸ߶ŮԣڹУʶҵӣȻȻ˳ҵŷҲҵͥ˳졣
˵꣬ЩؿҶۣأеֻҪҺúѧŬϣͨEMBAԵġ
Ҷ鱾ЩʦĻһһһ⻰Ͳˣʲôле
ԼĶˣʦ߽Լһͷôͨţ
Լʣʦͦ򶨣Ʒζ⣬㿴㴩ĶǺü޷ģ·ƣû׼֮ǰȡԵٰݽŮ˾ܻǮԵɧŮ˾˴ʲ֣ʺϽż
ʦŰҶĵ֪ʶ𾪣ǳŵؼҲ˵˲ܴƣҪȳɹλԺٴҽҲҪռĲȨ
ʲô˼룬Ȼմմϲ
Ҷֱ뷭ۣͥʦȻѾҸоõؽһ⡪
ȻҲõţţһ˶չ¶һĹʺ͸ƣҪҵģߣȻ󡭡
ģҶ̲ȥˣҾҸûʲôѧġ
ͬѧ㲻ҪøԶ
κ£ʵ˵ӲҶûػֻóֻȻըҳ桭
**
ĤͻȻû˯⣬־Ǿ¥ҶϹǿεĽȣߵһ¥¥ݿڣͼǰŵļͥʦ˵ĹƵ˰׼뿪
ʦôˣҶˣ
ҽʦǱʹҵҽ̲ģΪ𣿣
⾪ˣҶô
ʦ̲ȥýѧǶԼˣ
ʵҶǸҽʦһи
ܣҶ̫ˣҼʶĹʣ̫ˣֱǶ裬ҲǶҵ裬Բλ࣡ܣһҪץᣬˣֱұģҲõˣҲԺҲˣټ
ǽ̸ôͲֱˣ
ɻؿҶ飬˴˿еڲǰ˹ŵ졣
ʲôˣˣ
Ҷ鳯Цһ£ŶûʲôֻǸչʾһõŹسԼᡣ
͵ĵԼ᣿ֱ𣿣
Ҷؿ˽һۣ֪ΪʲôֻܶţŲ㼦𣿲ǸߵȫṩᣬΪõ̫ˣνúõˣֶܺõŽģԲ֡
˵꣬Ȼõ˳ͷ֮⣬ȻԲ̶õŵ˳ϵ⡪ɸɾ
ò׽ˣϲԼģû취Ҷʼ磬ʲôʲôҲûֻǸչʾһʲôĹòͣûõԼᣬȷʵҡ

ҶͦŵذѸƬĳŽſһװǰҶްܼ



23 
Ҷ˺üʦ, ÿһŵؽţȻɥˡ
ۼҶʮʤ, Ҳˡ
ϾҶװǷڹǷȷʵҪˡ
ǲѧˣEMBAˢѧϰÿ컹Ҫÿټһ⿿Σ
Զҳûȫ֤ԼݵȥѧˣʺǶ˵Ⱥ̣
Ҷ鼸ͱ˿, ϧѹҪӲĽ㵫죬ϷҲȫ, ϵ㡣
Ҷ޺޵ڽè䣬һ, ͣˡ
ͬͣĻм߹ܡϺ, ŶԽ̬Ҳ˲, û˸ٽС, ȻԾɲ⣬ҲƤЦⲻЦغһܡ
һӸһ, ֮ǰʰǣΪҲΪ˴Ϲȥʵ̨ˡ
һǸ߹ܵ, Ҷһ˵ĿˣϰŸ֣ǳԶٷõĸˡ
ͷúãϸǴ绰, Ƚг, ϡ
û˵, ͱҶüˣУ㲻Դ̫ˣ򡣡
ҪҸͷǲиĴ˾Ѿ𣿾˵ΪĿչǳԷ
Щɻ󣺡Ҫ޸ùϵô·ǲ̫ûˣ
ҶһӲɽ̣ǣǽҪ̨ףǸ̨ײʾҪעⷽʽǣ֪ͨǡҲҪǾΪ֮ǰĵǸһǳԷҸͷϰǲԵǸʾģУʱԷɱ¶ˣǰ
ҶƬ̣֣µؼ˼עæ
Ҷ鵹ͦЧʣûһ֪ܿͨ˸߹ܡ
;Ͷڽ˼һպͲƷ൱ĲȽŷҶƷŵװףʲôòģҶѾ㶨ˡ
ΪҶ岻Ȳ֣û뵽浱ͦô£
Щǲ䣬ֻͶȥһ̾Ŀ⣬ҶһǲࡣҲϰǿҲǿ
ǲ
Ϊ̳ʹСĶĿȾԼ˱׼ϣҶֱרҵģ⼸ǿ֪̽ʶṹ˽ֿҪĥþõ£Ҫֱ
ܲܳԺʣһһݵĺ࣬ƬࣻܳвƷȥܡ
Ҷ䣬Ҳˣ㶼ʲôʱסģΪ˵ƴˣ
Ҷ˽һۣҲŲΪ˵żסģǰͶǵá
ҶļȻô˵𣡶Բμǿˣ
ûסҪ֤Ҷļѯʵҵļɿʲô𣿡
ҶƳһۣһô֪ļɿڣ
㲻Ƕסܵ𡭡
˼ǰǸ߹ܣ𣿸߹ҵĸ߼УΪҹǧĻУҵȻ΢ʱסһϸڣᵽֱϰǹҵĸܣһߴѹǣһЩССжӶΪҴ򹤡㵱һ򹤵ģһСҼļɿڸʲôΪҼܺ𣿻ǾҺУ
ְֱpuaʦ
⳹ҶģרӦ
ϴεĵ󣬼λ߹ζ׼ʱˡ
ΪףҵĿɹΪͷ˳ǵļ߹⣬Ҷ黹ĿȫԱλᡣ
֪ԼֻǸͷԼԼϺϰ߹һԷˣ·ָ֮տɴ˴˿̺棬е˷ϻԾպѰһԼ򹷵شְ𣬵Ƿ̯˽ⲻѹ
һȥƱյյҲǢ
Ϊϰ壬Ȼû˸Ȱƣ߹ȻϲȾƣƹѲͷͿʼˡ
ǵƷʱܾ̲סЦӴɭְ
ɭֵݣһСϲԺɭְ
ЩãȻһ߳һߵ˵ͷɭҺϲԵġ
ɽ׸ıƣʱתܻǹĲ˳ʺȺ֣ܺǸƶӵǺѣԼʲô͸ɾˣ
񼴱ŮԵλˣǵɫȻûбգԭƻԼԵѹţ˾ƣҪ̾Ʒйһͨ
ȻݵĻ¶ζı飺С֪ʵɭְÿҲһƬɭ֣Ͳ˵˰ɣŮȷʵҲϲǺɭŵĶع
ܹȻˬʵЦһûԼɫжͲˣƣȻ׼һʴˣסݵ֣СǺһɭ֣
ֱˣû뵽ʱתְɧŻǲɱ⡣
ݴ˿̼ΣȻǵְλԶǺһֻܱ
һǸʵŮûΪʲô¿ޣȻ˿̣޴ݵ۾ˮ
ԮµķɻʧҴߣû˿Ѱڳĸ߹ǣæŸܵġСЦ͵û
Ҷ鵹ü¶ԵӶӵӣƺĵɭҲȥˣ˽һۣҪֹⲻС
ҶվܣһҴ۽ѽԭ˻кɭ֣ѧˣ
ܱͲɾëⷬһԱ¶񫣬һҲǵŽ̽̽ĵߣԭΪӶĬҹû뵽Ȼ˿ڣƺи֮⡣
ǰĵȷʵֲܴͬʱĵﻹǿϽ⣬ı֣ɲԵֺúͷӭ
һ˼ˣ༸߹ʹ˸ɫ֮ѾҪ֮
ֻûü⣬
˵˵ëͺͷһһҲӺڱףܣ㿴ͷˣӦԴƣɭǿ϶ûˣ
ҵǵԶܲͺٶȣ㿴ͷϡϡҲʣ¼ˣȣܰɭҲûˣӦǡտҲûɭ֣һƬߣ

غһںƣͷϡϡͷװĳܵļ磺ܣһΪǲģͷšʣ¼ˡ
˼˹ƵĿɿڴȴ˿⣬Ҷ飺ҵСҶҲڣɣղײգܣΪ˾ҪɭֶûˣҲǿ˰ҸŸн٣СҶôȥ֤һ£ǰɭ֡ɭֻûɭ֣
Ĺ쳹ᣬĸ߹ϵı鶼ˣȤܸһǵͨ죬̵߷ߣҪκνϰ壬ֻܲţһʱΣͬͷҰ׻ϡи߹ܸѰľ
޶˱cueҶɫҲеѿֻǸҪ֮ǰٴ΢Цſ˿ڣѽôЦѽҿЦѽǲôظܵҵĹİҿϣҶѷģϣҹѹҪôҪƽ͹ŰһԺɭ֣ףҳʲôʲôԶɭֹ
ǾһΪ˺ɭ֣

ֵˣԽⷢԺܵľƿǳˣûٷΣۣɫ̫ÿע£͵͵ŲŵĵӰ˺üԼͷԼͷģ
緢μģȥʱ򣬱ӰԵЩ
ɢˣҶܵıӰ˽һۣһЩʶ̫ˣƶӣҲܵͼ
ְɧţҾ;ùֹܽԼͷ֮ôˣܶ£ɱ˷ֻԼҲд̵һ̲һһûܹͬǲûںͷʡģֻƮƮֹԶƶа֮⣡
Ҷ鲻˵ãһڣ³ɺ޾Ͷӿˡ
װʲôпͣͬܲμӿͻ飬֪Ǹͻ;ͲɲǷȥˣôԼûԼûκ𣿡
ȻѾȥһʱ䣬ÿÿἰекͷߺ޲ûм٣ʱҲʲôܣֻǸȨƵĴˣֻܿɫָɹȥ˼Ҷ˲赹ˮҪͻĻƶӣͶðҰȥдǸĵܵ𣿡
ԭΪĶʻҶ¶ȻûУԼ佲ǶξҶɫԽغѿ
ʱЩΪʲôû˵
ôڼװԴһ֪޹ˣֱЦˣԼϯҰǰȥźܰæӴʼ㲻Ͱ𣿼ͻƶӣԼϼڣҼֱܵͣⲻŲòܵİ𣿳˻ƶӣһ˲ٶء
ҶҲ֪Ǹͻˡ
Ǵͻ߹ܵļɿڶ֪֪ܲ𣿣
ⲻ˵ãһ˵ҶͲмˣʲôͻ
ǣĴܱ߲ƷҪ֮һḷ̌ԺǿǳҲֻΪںͬģѾһ£ҪºԽһȥͬǱҲҪٶ໨˼ȥ¹ͨչ¿ͻҶһչԾһֱȥˡ
ⲢһҪҲϴƣ˺ü¾̣ҰȥһӴҲȥѹϿͻʲʺϼΪúͬһҾ̺˫Խ̫Ϥè塣
Ҷ鿴˽һۣӦû޾ϸػ㱨һ滻ܵġ㲻㱨ʧְԼͣΪ˹ֻ㡭
Ϊ̫ϬҶ˶٣ʶʱһѣհѵߵġָ˻ȥȻѾ˵һС
˵ȥźܣֱЦˡ˭ȥźģҵҲϯΪϯ£ңӦλӦ㣬
ְλͬȨҲͬͬ飬Ͷȫһ㼶ĸλһ˾ڸ߹ܵģȻ߹ܣңȥͻô㾹ȻͷȥźܺǸͻˣ
ҶԽ˵Խ֮ǰ֪£Ҫ𣡡

Ҷ鵱ʵûȥȡܳüͼǽˣ˭Ҷϧû
⣬ôûףôᷢչģӦΪа֮ʽѵҶģҶѵ
´βҪûʶԸûʣȻʲô𣿻а֮⣡´̣ѵΪ˶ԸҲϽȥѧ˳𣿡
Ҽ̹ȥܰ칫
̣˲ԼɤӺͷζʼˣȻ˵ڽ̣¥ǽ̴¥ʲôðĶСְԱ̣и߲̣𣿻ŵġֹ̡Ӷ
Ҷü뿪ڣû᣺ȱң˵ꡣ
֪˵ʲô˵Ϊʲôȥֹͨи߲ˣµСְԱ˭ȥְֹͲǸƽ̬ٴѹˣ˭ȥԼϰ˵ΪҲϲ̣ҲĴˣ岻ΪҺڣ󲿷ûоʵҪôҪôҶ飬ⲻͯ磬˶ļҾȥйġ
⼸þ˵λȻǽˣ粻ܴǰЩȻͬľ޷ƤӵڷĶӶΪ͹ȥһСְԱΪ˺ܶݱûа취޷ÿһ̵ĳЩ߹ͣ¡
̣ٱ绰Ҳ˸Ϊ¾ٱϼ
Ǵ¥Ŵյ·ϵͳ͸ĿܶûУһи߲̣ǰ칫Ĵ칫϶ꡣ
˽Ժ󣬽Ⲣûƶ̵⣬Ȼȥûααİ취
ԼĿգҶһΪ⣺Ǯ𣿡

ҵǮ
Լ̵ְ⣬ȻûھȻԼҪǮ
Ҷ鶼ҪǮˣʵȱǮɡ
һóǮһ߲̫ĵҶ飺ҪǮʲôҪʲôٹ𣿡
ôģҶһû飬㷭˸ۣǮԤ㣬Ԥ㡣
ʲô
⡣
е⣺ô
ҶȴûٻشֻЦ£֪ˡ

ҶҪԤ㲻࣬˽ջͬˣܿ죬ָĺЭ顢ͻȫ£ֱ󣬽иͬҪǩۣҶյڵ¥㣬ŵһζ
ҶĽжҲʧˣ̹Ȼû취
üմֱԼֹܣߵܰ칫ſڣı
ܴ˿̿ţּһ̣ȻҲⱨһȻûӦͷͻȻˮ
ģʲô˭ⱨصҵļҪʪˣ
ȫ˲ˣһһ̣ȻͿʼϵļϧϵͳĳˮЧʶܿ죬ļǾˣͷϱϡͷڴˮϴ£ȫһͷ߶װҲˣǱΡ
Ц
ԵҶ飺ģ
Ҷ˷ȥعʼ磺ܺýٱûãֱӸϵͳȽʵڡΣֻҪ뱻ܣ̵и߲ͻѧˡ⣬ֻҪ⵽κ˾ٱͿֱӴ֣ȥܶСԱķա
ȻҶһʼȫСԱȶ̵Ŀգû뵽ȻַҲ̫
ֻǽĻû˵ڣ˾ͿʼֵΣշˣߴڰ칫Ҵܵ˿˽⡪
ôҡ

Ҷ򴽣ңе㺦¡
ʲô˴ԲѼҪ̫ŵԿҡ
˰ɡ
ҶɤӣƵʵÿ䣬ֻһƽΰĽ̴ʹˡ



24 
˵, ҶԼĿǰΪƽȻÿҪǿˢһЩι״, ҪҵһˣӱеϴһܽܣԼָЧؽǶ, ڿԼļֵԼ̬Ҳ˲١
ҶΪĿǰԼͽսԺƽ״̬, ǽѾ
ʹ˾Ҷԭ磬ǲܵġԺƽ״̬, Ҷĸˡͽùϵ, Ժ˵, Լлȥ
ֻҶû뵽, ԼͽĹϵѵô졣
Ҫ˵ҶÿĩֻҪ, ȥͼݽĴԴ֮ӢԭĿвĶȻ̫ˣҶԼӸϷƽʱյݣصԭ硣
Ȼͼݻ·, Ҷ鱻һ·ϷסˣʶܾҪ
ҶҪǰߣͱԷˣҶ飿Ҷɣѽ㣡
ҶЩɻ󣬺ڻھ˵˭, Էû, ϽҶ˷ݹ棺ֲ, ˳𷿣֮ǰǰ꿨Ա𣿽ξͲˣ꿨ҲЧѽпȥŶ
ֲ
ⲻǽİû뵽ȻԼİˣ
ҶĹ棬ſҲǿţȥһֲȻ⽪ΪʲôϰôȤһʱ֮Ҳе档
Ȼѭŵַҵֲǰ̨ǰ̨СϳѽҶ飬쳬𷿼ǿյģҪȥ𣿡
Ҷ鲻öԷԼֻص˵ͷȴûһԷ͸ԼһԿףˣȥɡ
ͷأʲôûˣ
ҶɻĿ⣬ǰ̨Сóߵؼ˼۾ǰ׼ڷ
ѹֽôͷͦġ
ֻǿֻڳݵֲ׼ȫװôͨȫյģ˵͵𼴱¶ĳݶǲᱻ׼ģ˵ڻˡ
ôðȫõ׼ģ
Ҷ˼άԾϰķȥˣӺ鵽պֲעľӪΧˡ
Ԥĳ棬ҶԽߣԽֲȷʵܺ;з䶼ˡ
¸ҶȤˡ⿴ӦòԼǲԺȥˣͶҵҵǷڿԷɳĿռ䣿
ֻҶ²ڴ򿪷ŵһɲǾʧˡ
ⷿѹûκ豸Ҳûл𡣷ͦѹ汾СֳһƬǴģһƬģһƬǴȭġгһͬ㡪ǽƬ
ŽƬȭɳǽƮȥÿһϣǽǷЦŵģ
ҶüƵĶЩƮƮȥġ⡱Լӻˡ
˵õϷأ
˦ţŴߵǰ̨ǰأ
ǰ̨Сһ룺ﰡ
ⲻԾ
Ҷƴͼһʲô˳𷿣Ȼǣһ⡱򣺡ô£ô
ǰ̨ЩȻ򣺡㻻˰֮ǰ꿨ʱҿ߹˵ȥһܱ̬ŮĵʱˣĥòᣬŮϰƬҿ˻ͦƯģû뵽ô̬
˼Ҳ֪ηĶˣͰ֮ǰṩƬ㲼˷䣬뷢Ķ˭Ҹϻϣ
ԡ
Ҷֲָ
԰
ҶŤˡ
ð⣡ѹֵԼҪƬ
ȻҶǮȻԤֲԼϰ壡ڿ˵ǼȫϰѻŮˣ
**
Ⲣ֪ҶĵķΪĩҲͷöȫûı˵
˳Ϊܸ߹ʱ̵һʱ󣬽ͻȻԼܵЮְˡԭΪϰ嶼ڵģϾԼһ֣Լ˵ʲôʲôȻʵǣ޵ɺȨ⣬ּϰ壬ҲܸԼ
ʧȥ°ĩϾʱɣȷʵҪӰ࣬ȴӦҪ롪ǲɹĳܣǹӦ̵Vivianǡ
ȷʵҪexcel㱨Ҫȥάϵ˼ʹϵҪȥʶˣȻںͶԷн
οЩҪһ֣ǣҲӦóϯԵȵȻǽԼ
һһ֣һǸ֡
˼Ӱ࣬ӰɣȻϰ徹ȻȫܣΪϰû°ʱ䣡һϰϰ壡
ĩҲǿԾʹƽϢģΪкܶڲĻ㱨ҪʱҲҪȥѧϰĴҵµĶ̬µıͨͨҪָƣΪһ飬޷δķչͺǵԤС
˽ܺϵȨǴˣ֮θкѹҲˡԼҵ𣬱ǹԱǸ
ȻЩۣǳ˺׳־Ҷȷʵڸ߹ܵĹϱԼа취ҲҵһףǸûи飬ĴС˾ķҲûͶ
ĴݣҲмȥѧϰ˽ĴݣԵеĻԪһ֪أƫƫվڸ߸ϵĲ㼶ָ㽭ɽ
ǲ廭רҵҵģרҵģԹҵĴҵδҲģԹǳ롣
ԼֻҪúѧһܱҶߵĸԶ
ֻûüѧľҶͳѰ°š
թƭҧгݵðҵǮң
ҶקֲĹ棬һ
ԼǱ¶ˡ
ǲҪš
ѧһԴʣҪشҪȷϣҪµ⣬ֻҪ⹻࣬Էһ˾ĳԱͷ
ҵֲҲΪãĻ𲻷й㹲µʱһŤ̬˳嶯ɱϰô죿
㡭
ûҶ鷢ԵĻᣬȵң룬ʱգҺλöԵҲֲǸ̲סȥ𡯣㣬ҲΪ˾ҪǮԲԣ㿴ҵƬȥҼ֪飬ҲΪʲôΪҴȣϰ壬һҪѧһֻ۱һֻۣˮ㣬޵Сޣȥ֮ô˼

Ҷ飬ᣬʵѣϼѡҪ㡣
Ҷ촽ûѡ
ЦЦŹ˶ãֻǶǳֹĿкüĿȥԽӸһúóȥҵͷѲѡ
ѧڶѴͷ򷢸ֶεв㣬ֶεвˡ
ʱҵϴĥĥҶˣ
ҶȴȻܲмʲôѵģֻû˲ŻҪȥʲôֲҶ鲻ϰ廹ֻϻҪ𣡡
ž͵ţˣûϹĵûԹĿأ


25 
Ҷ鲢ʲôѵ, ǱûʲôҪģΪ֤ԼҶԻĿ, ֻҶ鲢˽ⲿԭеĿ˺ҵ񣬳˴⣬ǽӵ绰
ȻΪҶ¡衱, ѰûٶҶϴѹ䳰ȷǾԲٵġ
Щ˰ɣż˵Ĺϵλ, ҪǲŵԴˢһȻְ
Ƿ, ѰԲ·, ǲﶼƾ˵, ÿҵʱ, ûĿˣҵ㣡ǲҾԲ˽ΪǲӮ, Σ
˽һĿţͷǲֳĿģŶӶҪϼʼġƶϼԼĿ, ʹһԿҵϤ̣ڷһͻĹҲܿ¿ͻ
ȻѰҶԼֶӼŴ󸻴ȻģĲҶÿ, ˵ҶĿԴ, Ŀĺ, ҲȫҶ֡
˾Ȼ˵ĹûʣСҶĿʱ̣˺ҵ񣬵ҪԺǲ󻬼ͬʲôҪæģɾҪˡǲŵĺ绰Ժ㸺£棬вĿأ
˵Ǻⷬһ£ʵѰҶ鰲ŵĹǴӡ
׵ĿҪеھ绰ģЩҲûͶ̵ҰĿƭͶʵġ
Ҷڽһ绰Ҫϱ
Ӻͽӵ绰ռôʱ䣬ۣھʲôĿ
Ҷƺһ㲻⣬ڱɳؿҶһۣһұ˵ھһУҶѰĹ߳ʣ˽⣬ⲿʲôҲǣpuaϣĥûˣѰһʩ㼸߽Ŀʱ͸жˡ֮ˡ
ЦЦ㿴ҵǲȫֲˣҲ֪˵ļˣ
Ȱ̾˿ֻҪǸǻǺѡ
˭ˣϧҶ˿ˣûҵͷĺѡ
ԽĺݻˣɼҶķ
Ӻͽӵ绰ȷʵûھĿҶ黹ǺţΪ
װ
ڻҶܵʱҶȻû̫ÿŵϸ񣬶ĿĿ嵥Ҳ˽⣬ǣͷһصĿӡġ
ǸϷ˾ңϷIPܱĿǢʱϷ˾ϷûߣֻǸС˾һϷߺ󣬾ʹɹǷܱҲ׬һʡ
Ҷ˲ţĿǰϷûߣԡ
ֻҪҵϷ˾Сϰ壬һ̸ͶʷԼҵ㹻ýѰĿ࿴ˣ
Ӯô򵥣
ҲȷʵҶĸףܿʹϵ˿ҵϷ˾ϵˣ˳ϵ˶ԷҶͶʷʱλ֪Լδ۽ǵСϰ弸Ǹжµͬˡ
죬ҶͷԷǩЭܣֻöͶʷͬϸͿǩԼˡ
ҲϷ˾ϷˡԤ֮еĺ
Ҷ飬ĿѾǩ˰ɣ
Ҷ飡̫ˣôһӾҵôǱĿˣ
ǽҶ飿Ҳƣ

ݵ˵ĴӵҶʮãҧгݵģҶֱüڲ˹ȥ֮Աǵһ仰Ͱ㿴ҵɲҵӡ
˿̣ҶֻũūѼҵĴ紵أ
ֻⶫǴ˳ҶСصͱһסˡ
Ҷ飡һȺݹӲĹҪյĽ
ȻҶ鰲˳տΣҶûúϹҲûԼ׼ͣһκ󣬽Σյ뷨
Ҷһ룬ֻһС£ܿٴ¶˵ЦݣʲôѵġŵֻҪǮûʲôǽ˵ġ
˴˽һۣԲѵһнıɱ
Ҫʲôи嵥֮ǰ˹ãⲻȻҲʰžҸ˵ӣ߲Ϻ⣬ÿ춼³Ϣⲻһʧˣ
ԭͦǣҶôһ˵ʱĵһŴʯͷأ׼˭ʱеϣҲԣҵĶóԲֿɿ𣿡
кܺõѡ
˭
Ҷü˵˽Ҳõˣиõѡ

Ҳûĸõİ취ֻܴӽĥӲõ˲˵ȻҶȥиݲ˲ɹ
統磬ڼ˿ɿѡǴǰΪҶĹǼͥʦ
ܣãͣһᰴղ˵ΪǷ񣡡
ͥʦ˵꣬ΧΧ˳
⿴ŶԷıӰֱĿɿڴ˵λͥʦ͸߰ƣȻһԵķ
ô뵽ģ
ԽľȣҶȴعһЦЦҴӦǺװơ
˼ħħҶװƴװơҲǸӡ
ΣλͥʦԿɿûһͰսָ˵һڵʳֹ˼伸òעͥʦ˷ȥ
ȽڶŵʱʱֱøոպáҶװģΧȹҲԸʹùĺۼ
豾Ҷǲ̫ģȻǰһˣɫҲ΢Ҷһۣ³԰ɡ
ҶֵЦЦΧȹ£ͱֹˡ
ָ±ϣǶ
ıͱԤƵĸ࣬һ£˽ʱ˸ǴԼżСģȻ֣ⷢԼλѾԼŵװˡ
ŮԷϣԷǰ
һɺг൱Ȼ
ҶЦ£СҶҲˣпˣд°

Ҷ鱻ȥСֱʮӺû˳˿ͬȴļ˺ǽо죬Ӣʲӣ䵽ЩҲͦεǾȻ˿գȻջԾؽ̸ˡ
ϳ°л㣬ϴƼǾˣҸӸˣпοǰʮ
ûƭɣˣҪƼõطϳСƷгԺˮǧȥˮ꣬׿Ǿ͸ȥгõۣ˺öأ
ϳ£ѹңѧѧڼּң˵ҪŮ˲ƴɱǡ
ˣǲҽˣҸоƽʱ⻬ˡ

ҶŴ⼸һȥ컰⣬ٿｻܷŮǣֱǱĻţֱǺɸ֡
ˣôܻȻһ㿹ʶûУ
Ծѣÿһ˷ĵź
ҶһᵽΪԹͬ˸УͻȻܵԼԽʱյʹԣ
ֻҶո׼´ʼ鷢ԻԼȺū۵ͬȴͻȻһС
СҶ̼Ƭ«̫óˣˣҸտͱﻹжʳģȥٳһ̣

ģ̬ȶͦͻŸʲôȥİ̽ǶһӲˣıֺϿɣ㶮ҵ˼ɣȥٶ೴̼Ƭ«¶һ֣
Ҷ鼸֫彩ӲվǸɸֵϳڵҲȻԴһ֣µظϵΧȹСҶҸϵϣˣǵս
䵽ˣ˲ҸжžžžǸҶ
УҶɫѿϵĽ⣬ɫҶ黹ѿ
Ҫ
ҶһӲ˸İ֪ԼͻҶ鵱ٳһ̲ˣⲻҪ𣿣
Ҷһѿرƽ˳̼ѿӲСĴ˵ϣȻ裡ȥ˫¿ӣ
һӺ󣬽˳Ҷ鴩ΧȹŵȻɫ򶨣ȻҲ֪롣
ѵң
Լ跢Ҷ˲УҶ鱻ϳȥСԼһѺҪףǾ군ˣ˲ҶǵԾԼҶľȱ
ֻǽ̻ûȣʹӳ˹⣡øôã˵Ů˽Ҫ׵ģŮ˴ĵطʲôСҶӣȥң
ۼҪߣҶЩˣѹô죿ҲƲˣ
ӲͷƤҲҪˣа취
ϧֻüÿ˦仰ͱקˣֻҶһˡ
ҶǰļƬ«ĳ׳ʿԶҳû뵽Ҷ飬һصˣһڸ߼д¥￴Ų񱨱̸ЦöֻҷˣȻ䵽һ«սĵز
뱾ڽǸ÷ӣèҶ˵ʲôҲԸ뿪
µҶǰ«񣬾ֻƴˡ
**
Ҷǵ˰СʱŰһ«˳ģϵĲԵĲ࣬ۼ⣬һ۾ƼҶ飬кСҶѲ˶Ű̻ٳԵ㣬«ǷŽôôڣðڡ
˵ʱʱ죬ġֻ̡û˵꣬⵱һᵶᰮһҶеļƬ«˹
裬ҳ԰ɣһûԱˣ
˵꣬ΪԼ˵һͰӣ̻һѼƬ«
ԼûҶˣֻܿԼŬҶĲ˻ʬˣ
ֻǡ
ֻ«Ҷ鵽׷˶ΣΪʲôЩˣЩڸнģ׷˶ٽͰ
ѽ⣬ôˣ
һ߳ԣһ߿ޡ
ޣ̲סΪҶ̬˽ͣ˽ĩ
衣ʵʵ̫̫óˣǱжˡ
⺢Ҳǵģ̫óҲȫһȥԼ԰ɣŰҲϲ«񣬻ûأ㿴ʲôӣӷĿһ㣡
ôأ
޲ʹ顣
Լⲻûò
Ҷˣ
һ棬һ߼ӿ˸ɷٶȣ޸Ľʳƴסµĳ嶯«ͼƬһ߻ҪݺѪ̣ݵóԣ̫óˣ
ҪˣҪˣ
ζٵʹƭˣᣬƲס
Ա߼ݶ֪̲࣬סƮƮѽˣ˼¶ҵѶãһӲ˰ͻܸɣԺһǼҵҲѹⰮԣ
ǰ㿴⺢ӣһ̫óˣԿˡ
ɲǣҼǵⲻϲ«أƣʲô찡ǸСҶκ𣿿һһӾͳˣ

һȺ֪˰˼ʹһ֪֪һеҶ飬վһߣɴ۾Žһ̼Ƭ«޴ͬ顢΢СΡеȵľᣬȻŽ⶯ļҶȡ֮ǡǵصľ


26 
⿿ԼӢǿ, ڰһΣʹ˻⡣
Ȼ˳صĴۡ
˽ݺûãͳȥ˲
صк, оԼ·Ưˡ
ߵؿҶ飺ǲǹģŽ;, ΪʲôҪŽĩ
Ҷڲֱ׳ˣ˿ҲЩ, ֻ½͵Ұ֮ǰѧģȹͣ˭֪«񵹽ȥԺ, Ǹô, Ҿеˣŵʲôȥ, ñнͣӡ
ֱҪҶ飬ûгʶ㳴, ȷֶҲӦùǸϣǽˮ߽֮߰Һ壡
ҶѵЩ̬ȣ˽һۣͷ, ʱ̫, ˡ
̲סʣ㲻һʲôеô˾ͽųˣ㲻ǲܵϰ, Ҳܵ, ʤһй𣿡
ҶʶԼˡ
, Ϊʲôôུͣǽĩأĩ㵹Ǹҽһ¡
ҶĻش൱, 򴽣Ϊུ̫, ɫúܺ, «ɫû, źʳӣҿнĩŽĩộһȥǲк½͵ĺڣ«±͵ġ

뿪Ҷ䣬ϧʹˡ
ٴδӲĵһӦ٣ɸյ㿪OAϰ칫ҶĻ롣
첻٣ʮһͶʾ߻飻簲˺һλͶʷ磻һһĿǩԼʽҪһӴι۵УһŲɷãߵ˵ֱ֡
г̰ţֱޡ
ǰԼҪǸСְԱ߶ʮһͦסǾˣѰҪǲǿҲУҽԺṩ没λ˭С
û뵽˽ܣˡ
䲻٣㿪OAļö඼ע˽ˡ
ԭӰ࣬°Ҳʱ䣬24Сʱˡ
˾ĴСˣŽȨߡ
óֻһδýоŽǡ
Ȼҵ⣬ϰȷʵûô׵ġҶĿе㲻Ȼ䵹һȻһθҩ԰ɡ
ڽɻĿ£Ҷ˿ȣģǴҩЧǰû취òԼĲԺҲǳõġ
㻹Լˣ֪ܳ㲻ǱĵطųԼΪʲôôУ
ҶƿߣֻһֵͼͶǰôǸҵӰˣûôʱ˷ѣԼ˶ʱ䰲˵ãⲻ˵ҲУֻûѧҪѧһ
ˣڲҶˣСҶҲʦѧˣѧ𣿣
ʣҶҲЩ飬ǿ򶨵ؽ͵Ҳѧģÿϰ̫ˣǶҴӣȻʲôҲûͺۣǰû˸Һô˵ڲôߺңѰԣǰûܹŰҪԡؼһҪֽѾͿˣûʱѧˡ
֪˵˰ɣֵϰģӦôһٴͺǴ򹤵ҵʱԼҵʱԼҪֵԼˣŬֱӾƽˣǶ۵ģǮߵġ
ⲻ˵ãһ˵ˣǰ㵱ʱ첻ԼˣѵһԺͿ¹ˣڱŴסҵıҵļʲôɣ۳
ʱɵԼˡˣ껹Ҫϴʰڶ컹Ҫϵȥϰ࣬˵򹤴Һ㣿򹤵ĻûУʲôԼһ˵׻Ͷ̥ã
ҶӲҳϣȷʵǰͶ̥̫ãӮߣⲻܹңҸտʼ򹤣Ʋ̫죬һԽԽӦġ
˹ŲӵҲΪҵĲ˸ġЩҪԳû㣬ΪļЩҿ󡣡
θʵѾ٣Ҷ̬Ҳͦãʲôð
ؿOAĴļܵģңҲ꣡ⲻ˸ɵ°㿴ÿЭ飬ȫʮҳģкܶ໹ֱӢİ棡ҽ״̬ܺûж«񣬲ԲȣҲ꣡
ҿꡣҶɤӣȻȷʵǸڹϣһǿԵġ
ϵȷʵţ˵ԣý¼ûϵķˮθȺȣҹˡ
ʮӺ󣬽ֻѡҶڵѾһ30ҳӢĺͬ
Ҷ飬㲻ǸڵݺɣΪǰ󰡣
ԽʣҶܵûҵӢĸˮƽ
ĸˮƽһ30ҳĺͬҲʮӾͿ갡
ͬģ壬ҪÿִʶϸҶ˸ղǷݺͬ㿴ȣЩѺûݹͬɺ֮ǷϻÿһҳǹרҵʻĶ壬ҲÿΪݽĺͬźҵһѾ˹ˣǲġ
Ҷ鿴˽һۣ㹻ɿķҵǿ԰ѿסͬյģȷʵǡ
Ҷ˶٣ǰΪķԱˮƽ̫˺üнˮҲ˺üΡҲ֪ҴˡԼҶΪʲôǴˣΪǲǴ򹤵ģԹ˾ʵеصһϸСǷɿֻʣԹ˾ǰ;ںΪϰ壬㻹ǲȫָǴôҪľǺ˫ȨΥԼΣЩǺͬĹؼġЩѹһ£û⣬Ϳǩˡ
Ҷһ˵һ˵˺ü򵥵ļҿʷעļÿȷʵ棬浽ѺͬĴֶˣʵϣһֲӰͬЧͽ͡Ϊߣ㲻±ع׵ȥ㲻ȫҲȫǣѧȨǹϸϿǸϰ壬ںĻȫС
Щ¾ûȨѽⲻ˵Ҷ黹ûһļ㿴ɹͬŲɹԭϼ۸񶼱г۸һ㣬Ϻߵĺͬ϶Ǽ۸ˮè壬ǳԻؿ۵ģǰ㻹Ҷܵʱύģƿˣ⼸ܣǮˣƭ㲻г۸񣡡
ҶƯĺתתЦ£ҵȻ֪г۸񡣡
Ϊϰ嶼ֻҪͶ̥þ𣿡Ҷ򴽣ҵȻ֪⼸߹ܺͬè壬ˮ㣬ҪǰЩ߹ܵСžŶˣǸɻҲͳûˡ
һֱ֪ܳԻؿۣԵĻؿ۶ȲûӰ칫˾ͬҲûΪԻؿ۾ʲĺͬ˵ȽϹ˵ϣܻǰѿغġ
ϴҪŪĺҵ԰ĿͬǸĿҰ̫ˣԽȨ̫ˣ뺰ͣ辯ʾѹͬСϺףһֻ۱һֻۣԱ˴˶ûл
ֱԻؿۣкôˣⲻǹ˾ʲʧ𣿡
СҶЦ£ܷǹȻҵ԰ĺǮղСͬС̲٣ͻǸȥΪڸԼջؿ۵ΪҲ̸ŬҵԲȡϰκýһǮȻôĳԲãأȶǸȥˣһܺúԼרҵ֪ʶ;̸гϺܲĺ
ԹߣΪҲȫȻĻֻҪŶĶջؿˣͰİѱˡɥʧһСǮס˸߹ܣסһδҰĴвҵˣջؿ۵֤ݣ԰ȥƺ㶷𣿡
಻ɳӣǰԼǸСְԱʱ򣬾ÿÿΪЩ˿͹˾ΪԭһֱΪҶĸ߲㲻бɱˣ֪ҶΪߣȫбĿ
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Ҷһ˵һﶯҲûͣ£㿪OAļ˻ǲףҲϰͺܼ򵥡
ֿĹѧ֪ʶתģ˼ʹϵΪ𣿡Խ˵Խѭѭҵ֪ʶṹﶼЩٰһ˵ģú𣿸ʵҾͲӦѧˣҵ츳˵Ṇ̀
˻ԣ˵ְʹְϰͲˣΪǰϰ͵ĺɽˣ֪ǰ˰ɡҿɴOA˴ļЧʱǿˡ
ȻϣҶ⻰ȷʵǲʵ
ҪΪԼ⼸䣬ֻˣܵ硣
ܣ̸ܸĿԷʱڣ˵Խ̸£п𣿡
ĿӡԭԶԽӵģȻ״̬ȥˣбİţͽˡ
˵绰û⣬ҶͣĻʦس˹ĿֱһȥԽˣ
ʲôⰡ
ӣҲʺȥ̸аЩίҲ˵ҪѧȨ𣿡
ҶЩ޿κΰüģѧȨҲȫԷɣ㲻֪ĿһҪABĿھģܿAǣһҪһǣΪBǣϽĿжԽӶһȥա
һ𣬾ܻලӦøһϵһĸ߹ܣǯƣܾĿڵǮҲһڣڲ̫࣬Ϊ㣬һҪֹȨԴּĳһ߲
ĿûȥôȫܣԺĿϢֻֻ֪һ֮ʡһԺǸϺֱۣӿ԰ĿشߣҪǰһBǣĿĶܼԺͼǽǣһ߹ܶԽĿȫܼʱøõĿ¡
ܽˣ
ͷóֻϰһȥԽĿ
Ȼӿɽ̣Ҷ黹̲ס¶˸̾һԤУսߣ⹫˾Ҫ군
˿˽һۣǷؾһһܲԺѡ

ʵ͹һģҪһռ䣬ҲҪס˵ľͶ򣬿Ҫߣƽʱ㻨Ǯ򷢾УǱĬҪ߰ߣᣬŽһпŽ֮Ҫ̫ҷŷɻᣬԱЩ߹ƵģҪʱʱ޴һ¡
Ҷ¶˲мı飺סҵ̻ⷬ壬ԺǱƲˣͷܿйסˡ
һЦҿҵˡҶ˵ͷֱҵĹЧʺСʱܸ㶨OAļûжԱȾû˺֪˲ж౦˰ɣ
ͦͷ
Ҷ˿ȣԣ
ʲô
˿˽һۣչʱ㲻Ӧ˵ʲôҶɤӣҲҪ˵ʲôΥĺ͸Ļ˵ĸܾͺˡ
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Ȼ
ԭҪ׿Ϻͱˣ
Ҷ飬ĺ㣡
ҶϹȻںÿôһ㣺⣿ûˣ
޷
Ҷ΢΢һ˿𣺡
ٽϵ˵ĸܣϣܸҴһӹ

⣬ʵеͷˡ


27 
һӹ
Σ
ԼҪǴ˺ͽùϵϴԽȥ, ҶŲỹίȫأ
֮ԱǵؿٴOAؿһ۶ʵĽ⣺°ʱ䣬Ͷ, 㽲֣ҵĸʱ, ٲˡ
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һԹ繫˾ܿޣʲôֵûŵĴ¡
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û, ¥ϴĸ
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ڰýͷԿհףӤȴԽԽⱾɵȿһûʵĴ·ʲôŵҲ˲ʲôһ·޽žҴڡ
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Ҷ飿ҶҸǮһ
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ˣҸְнٿ飡ÿ¸ٿǮ

Ҷ飡Ȱ㲻ҪʶôҾֻܡֻˣ
˼ֱҶ̾ΪֹղŻ˵ݻأˣҶ飡Ȼ˵ûˣԺѧˣҶʲôǴŹǣ˼Ҷ⣿ϺʻƤƤϺ
ֲ㻹ȥҸֵ
ѰѰѵͷ

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ȻһẦµġ֪һǺΣյġ

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ʣҶ鷴е㲻Ȼˣ̧̧°ͣĿʾ⽪⿴֡

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ˡҶ룬Ͻسҵ˼ǣķǳգȽϱаڣȽϰȫҪҲסҾͲˡ




28 
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޿̵ֻèŻôûʣ̺ǰȥ˻ģ
ֱأҵģ
Ҷ鲢ûзԼ߼⣬˵꣬ű˳ִɳ̺ӣȻһСģ޲ָָֻٵƤӴ̺Ӱ̺ӹסСèè
һֻèһֻԼıӣȻԼֱֱԼıӾԶŵèдֻԼֲԹޣèӦͰⱲûôôèֱǶҵܵܵð
ҵȥҵ㶫ˡΪűӣҶеҲһ
⼸ʶסҶ飺Ҫ㲻ҪèͰɣ
ôܡҶüèȻûʣʣû𣿡
˼ڣҪʲôҪҽҩ䴦˿ڡ
ҶıȻèҲ൱еģèһ£ȥ׼һ¡
׼ʲô
׼ϴ裬ϴɾܴ˿ڡҪȫ׼
ԭˣ
տۣСèĺǶ˲Ƭ̨ϣҽԺҲˣֻȼ򵥸Сè£֮רҵҽԼҶ鶼רҵҽҪСèȡȷʵҪȫ׼豸ɴӵȡ
Щů⣬Ҷǵ춹ģĺϻҪڳȡõģ
ֻӺҶٴγ֣Щɻˡ
⡭
Ҷϴףϴŷϻһ͸ҽ֡
ȫ׼

ҶȻؽ͵̫ˣûʲôʣϴʱһˮմô죿ǲҲˣҲȫ׼
Щ㶼ҵġ
Ҷ鲻мҡ
Ҵѧʱڼ￪ɫɶԣ磬϶ǱЩɶˣȥңȻڡ
˵ҡҡͷЩȻǮǶˣѹۺʽûϣ㶼ûõٷ֮٣ԺȻЩ䣬ÿﶼʲôҲ֪Ǳ޲Լ˻Ǯ

Ȼ൱Ҷȷʵȫװè˿ĲƬèͽһ¥䣬򲻵ò򣬸Ҷ
СèİЩ£ϴĹЩҶ鴩ŵıϾֻǽɫķܿͱèʱצӻˣˮҲϡ
Ҷүͽ񱣬ΪᷢģȻϣҶ鲢ûС
Լ⡰-ۡ·дʵõĽס˵ĳ嶯
Ҷ۶ĶûͣȻ鲻ԸһȣҶϻǸè
СèȻܵŰˮϴˮŷèëϱ˿ĸǣЩһˮģǿŶеġ
Ҷ鿴ҲĵùǺ϶ǿҪȥϢɫĶèܣûܣ㱻ĵɫףҲǸè
ѿ𤵽èϣֱ
⣬ⷿӲҪˣСʾȻôֱͣƽˡҡϽǮµķӰɡ
Ҷ鲻ơҪԽͣèŲ飬ҶҲûжֻèɾˡ
žǸè䴵ëȻ˿ڵֹѪͰ
ҶһŴˡ
ԭСè¶˱òһֻëɿɰСè˿żצӡ
ڸ㶨ˡҶèҲ¶ظı飬һ۵ɳһ
еж뿪Ҷ飬ͼֿèȻȻϴɾˣҩˣڿԸϳȥˡ
ΪԼˣ˵ʲô
ϳȥҶȻͣˡ
㲻һ𣿡
ҶҡҡͷѾ˴ưϴɾ˿ˡѵҪԼ˺רһģܵܣҾͷһһһֻèܵⱲΨһһֻèˣҾԲèҲûڲٵˡ
˵Ҷؿ˿СèοҲèƷèˣϰҲã㿴شС㣬ʵ̫ҵĸˡ
ֱˣҶ飬ǴˣղſůľٶһΪаˡèȵװô
֪ȫůж𣿡
סˣͦصģôˣ
⻰Ҳ̫Ծˡȫůèʲôϵ
ҶƳ˽һۣҲ֪ͦأΪټůľٶȫůԽӾô죿Ǹߣèף̫ůˣȫůɽˣܾҪˡèͦģǱܲ
ƿԣıҶĹˡ
èèҶߣϾڿԼķˣӦ˵㣡
ôһ룬⵱֣䣬
Сè˼ûǽ⣬ֺõسҶ˹ȥ
ϧҶٴУҾ㣬ٴսˣңٲҾͰˣ
ϧСèҶľ棬޷˵زҶȡ
Ȼ˵ҪСèߣҶֻǻӲһûèȱŲȥ
֪Ҷ鲻ôèȴ֪飬෴Ҷ黹൱ǣҶϲһСèҲͦ죬ȻҶϥǣȻ˸ƣŲˡ
Ƭ̺ҶϴССľȵĺ
СèҶ˯ˡ
ҶٴУȫûվƣֻɫѿؿ˽⣬ѹŪߡ
ϧ⻹ûüСèŪߣһѭ޹ĹԴ⿴ëɫ˳ļƷֹè̵˹
Ū߰ŪߣҶƴѹߴŽ⣬ܵܿҾͲˣ˵ˣ
ϧõĲ黵飬Ҷ˵꣬ƳҶŵСè
Ҷ¶ʵľˡ

á֪ηĿ⿴۽⣺㲻ҵܵܣر𰮳ԴףǸݲµڶèèǰдȥѼͣΪ˼Ѽҵèմζؼұֱܷ֣ܵצӡ
⡭ǰҪҶֻǱèˣȫʵèèؼңֱǱץڴ
ȻԼèϾҶʳϰߣƽҲҶչˣǽʵϵҪ˺͸ˡ
ôƶʡ
Ҳȷʵ˵èҲмĺռЩļͥһӭСһ˼ȫϣԼҳҲڼȵ˺
񡭡濴Ҷϵèɴ۾˲šҶ˵ˣǸƶʵԸǴ˿׵޳
ǰֻèͱץֱӱèҪץˡ
һ룬ô²ʶŲһ롣
ҶϥϵСèҲˣȻҶȣŽȥ
ȻǣƶʵĽξȻûкСèǹ۲˻ȻֺõسСè˼ȻһĵسСè˹ȥСè䱸͵˼Сèÿ󣬵ǽճСèʾá
˵õƶأ
ҶҲסˣķչ̫Ծ
ԼúõĹѪͳƷèôƤ򹷣
Ҷ۾Сèźشܽ˽èèǽƽʺٵҶ鶼ⴥˣȻ½ȻһֺõؾĿСèͨĽȥˣȻԼèһſ۰Ͱ͵ؿ̹Сè
㿴ܵ˵ô˼ܴȺѺã
Ҷȴûнô֡ˣ
ҶٴеվȻèСè˳һע⵽ԼǰԵʵ
һֻĸè
һɽݶһһĸ
ѹ֣
èǸĸģ
ҶͷʹѹܵУԭǶĸèڣûĶ
èߡҶ鿴۴꣬Щ͵ôͣͣ˾ͰèŪߡ
һ㿪ʼϼҲܽҵĵϱҰè⣬֮ǰûҵܵˣ°ȻҵܵҪ;ˣ׽󣬸ϽظҲˣֱ˸ɣ󻼣Ҫ֤ѪͳĴԡ
Ҳ֪ǲô£ֻҡҷ£⻹ǷҶĶˣƽʱƤԵĺΡ
Ҷ鱾뿶´ʣŽţҲ쵽ԼĲԾüͣ׵ֻʣԴҹ΢΢ֵĺ
ôˣ
Ҷ˱ڿʲô˽⣺⣬ʲô
еɻԼʲôˣ
Ҷ޹Ź⵽һȦƺҲûʲôԵģֱƳһͰձӵ޹װ
ҶЩҧгݣ⣬㾹ȻҩûǿУ
Īָͻסˣʲô
ҶŲͽֽȻ൱ǿذͰｪ˺˵޹װ֤ݡ

Լ
ⶢ޹װһ桰-޹ĸҵе㻺
Ҷһһָص⣬û뵽㾹Ȼͼı졣ų˼·͵ģ·ϻ


29 
Ҳûб˵
ԩúܣ޹·ű͵ġ·ϱСûʲôڲ, ǻʹ̴֮𡭡
ϧ۽ôͣҶϻдˡҲšԼ㲻ܵóѡĸ㡣
ֻ˿͵ľ, ý۽⿴֤ݺ, Ҷ̴޹, ȻԶ뽪ķһˣòҪбĶ
ֻҶġֻû˵, ͱͻĺڰŵ, ʶѭҶȥΪʶȥȰקҶ䣬ΪڰûԤþ, ²ֻ֪èڹ, òĲȣҶˤȥ
Ҷ㶣Ƿס˽⣬Ҳû׼ڰбһˤ, ԴһȥҶɳ
еңΪ˱ȳҶ˵ºڣ㻹˻𣡡
ڰί, е뷢, ԼºڣֲҺҶ˺, ֻܺԹ, е
Ҷҧгݶ, һһٵ
ŷ֣ԼҶΪһͬˤɳϣ˿һ൱ơſҶϡ
Ҷϵ¶ȱȽߣҲ֪ǲã˽Ӵĵط΢΢ø
ҹä֢ںڰҲ˵ģֻǺʲôվȻû뵽СĴȴҶ塣
Ҳ֪Ҷߣȴѹŭˡ
㣡⣡
ʲô
Ҫˣ
ںڰͰУҶ΢΢ĴϢʲôҲҲ֪Ϊʲôеš
޹ѾϨˣﻹԼƯŲζ޹ûʲôоֻϡŵ˸õ廹һЩ֪ݵ˵ۣ˵ѣΣ޵
ԭѬ㲢ûʲôӦȻҲ֪ôģͻȻе
ͬͬŵشҶȻɳһͷŲŲ
ûй⣬ڰڸһκ΢
ֻżҹյ磬ý⿴Ҷģ
ЩǱһɫ˹ѵĺۼ΢΢Ϣ۽Ƿ죬ǷǳŬʲôһҧס촽ӢϴһʴӣеãȻ
⿴ȥҶڼ̵ĶӺ˻ҵƿߣǲѬζŬЩ΢죬ΪԼѬӰ죬еջ𣬵޿κκûве
ڽҶһȡദϰ岡һμ⸱ģƽȮۣҶӣá
þȻеɰ
ԼԼ˼ĸҲе𾪡
ֻǿ߷ԵĴƣ˷ġ
ԭǿеȤһ˲䣬Ȼgetˡ
ʱ꽥СˣƲҲɢˣ³֡
¹ӳ£ҶöĲ
ƽŸӵԸȻ˿̣ҲòϣҶȷʵǳӢ̲ס࿴۶Ķĳ̶ȡ
ⲻףҲ̲ס࿴ۡ
ȻҲʱ⻹ûʰԼͻȻعˡ
Ǳ̨絼µĶϵѾɣڻָ˾ΥĹ
ϲܶƣ˴˿ͻȻĵָһֱΡ
ҶƺҲûõȥ
̾ɳһˣϴЩ΢죬۾ҲЩˣۿŽ⡣
Ҷ鿴Ծ򶨣ֻǳţһֺܿĶʲôӦֵ˽һۡ
΢˶Ҷͽ䱸ؿ
㣬Ͻȥ
ŵҪҪǻʶҶæҴɳȻվҶ顣
Ӧý͵ʲôȻͷǱסˣôҲ֪˵ʲô
־棬һҶ·𶼲֪Ӧʲôֻ΢΢۾Ž⡣
֮䱣Ű΢졣
ֱ
ֱèһȻ˳ɹˡ
ѭèһһû
ſСèϣͼŷӵĹ
ҶֱӺˣܵܣͣ£
侲ԼϷֿСèͽ
°ѽץԼҶŵ˽⣺㿴ɵĺ¡

Ҷ鱧èߵ޹ҵܵУҺΪҶãûҡ
Ҷ˵˿޹Сèٿ˿⡣
ѭĿ⣬ŷ֣Ѿͣˡ
èá
Ҷտ뺰ߣԼﲻĽı䣬һֺõųСèͲȥСèĶҲಽĶͦиļƣԼҶСèͦµسҶֺõ˼
ҶֱѪ
̲סЦҪҪˣܵܳˣҪȢˣҪ˸ˡСèҿûˣСѣֱܵӺ˼˽ˡ

˵Ҷ˻ѼӲ¾£ұè¡
ղǻ˵ͣ˾͸ߡ
ҶӰ㿹һһ룬ΪǼҵļҽҪ𣬼Ȼҵܵ£ȻҪ𵽵ףè㹻һֻҲû£Ϊ°ɡ
ӲοһҿèȻǸèǿУȻ㣬ҲֲҸһֱң˵ֺ֪ǿˣɫҩɾȡͨˣÿҲԵ֣¾¡

˵Ҷüô
˴˿ϵĺѾɢˣѬĺ֢٣ղŵһз·һξҶָֻ˹߳侲
ʲôСèŹֿģҶı¼ֱ֮á
ҴȥԵèͷ
˵žͱСèҪߣҶסˡ
Ҷˡ
ԣ
ҶЩȻɨ˽һۣȻƿߣֱָֻ׳èгԵģҲҪԡ
½ⲻӦһ㲻ó𣿻˵óԣһûԹķһ٣ѧϰѧϰ
ֻϧȻϵòȻҶӴʱĽȴ˼١
ҹΪͻأ
ͣһҲЩˣûΪҶ飬˵ͷȻˣɡ
ԼӦˣҶ龹һס
Щɻ󣺡ô㲻𣿡
ǡҶ򴽣ղŵģèС

·Լ˵ԼŷûèС
ֻԼĶͦӵģҶ黰䣬Ķֽһ
ҶǱԼЩܻèֽˡè
ӣͻȻЦ
аɡ˵èоèаɡ
ҶˣҲͦɵġ
ЦЦûٽʲôת˳ȸè俪˹ͷȻ˺ɰ棬һһ롣
˸Ҷ飬ԼӣȴӽеҶȻ
㲻ԣ
Ҷ鹣ŲӣʵҲûкܶȳ԰ɡèսеôһˡ
Ҫӻ
ôߴҶ飬ԹԳ棬ů˻˹
ŷŽˮۣľֻڿСèͷתʹ㷵ؿ
ǣҶ鲻֪ǲڴ绰ڽģ
ܿ죬ͷڸʲôˡ
ɸֵŽèͷ𱸵СӣϹۣƲסԼºˣˣܲѧѧҵĽ԰ȦףҲȻ㿴⣬ô죿Ǳסˣ
Ҷⷬǰ滹Խ˵Խˡ
ʼˡ
滹ԡ
Ҷһ棬һ߻̲סѵôҲǸèҲԣԲҪй
治ɰոպãˣͦóԡ
˴Ǿ㷹ֿʼָ㽭ɽèͷŮԱߵᣬҪŬԼףҪЩŮ˵ĵ

ⷬҶǺһڵˡ
ڵ˲Ҫȵĺ೩͸˵ˡ
ҪŮ˵ĵҪŮ
Ǹ޵ˡ


30 
ȻͣèС, ˯һθڻָ˽ˬϰˡ
ҶҲ˹״̬ʼΪ˶г̣һƻ, Ҫϯ, 췽ǽ֡
˰OAļɴ, ûжѻɽĲҪһδҲôһƻг, ҲסЩϲüҡ
ǵ, ǰǴʱС˵⽪ǸҶҵҶҲͶȦҵ, ϲ罻, 裬ÿ֯һξƻᣬȦһһȵʢᡣ
ûǴ߹ÿ궼ǻμӵģҶλҲû¡
ƻϯһ¾Ϳ, ⲻ󣡽һܿڿԶݵشˣ
ڿԺúϢˣ
ֻǽɵʲôֻûãͱҶؽ˼ƻ
ޱؿۣ𣿡
Ȼе֣⻹ʶشˣᰡôˣ
Ϣûˡ

Ҷ򴽣ֵľƻϼӦ̺Ͷʷ, һЩƷƷԼȦ, ȽϸߣȦڴʢ, յͲ, һֻһ, ΪǣȥҲ;ߣһҪ罻㣬ʶˡ
д˵ΣϰҲϰĿհ
аɡεҾȫ̲ɣҲֻҪռһʱ䣬ΪʲôϢûˣҲʲôϵ
ֵĻ˵Ǿƻᣬ˵ᣬĲ֣Ҫ罻ȦȻҪйļܡ
ǰɣ
ҲֻμӾƻȺȾƺ˻Ƭ𣿡
ܡЩʹĸ߹ܲҲˣôᣬǳϯȻ궼˵ȥֱοһŮģһ裬ô죿ܾ𣿡
ݵλСӦѧϰཻҪ赸û˻ǲžܾģֻѴаӡ
һǮôô鷳
ҲȥвУ
УΪϰ壬ҪǸ罻Ĺְ֮һҶοȥһҵ԰ʼǵ·Ʒ˾ˣ㲻ȥѵԽֵԸ񣬿϶Ҫڷ䳰Цˡ
Ҳ갡ȥ˲Ǹ𡭡
ҶüĬƬ̣˾ҳԵҽ㣬շˣ㶨һٳɼƻħѵѧᣬװװΪϵ̨档
˰ɡʵڲоǸʲôֳЦɡ
˵ãһ˵ҶըˣôУԲ֣ǲˣ
Ӯ˵ֱ˺ϲ裬ó֮̽඼ܾͨڼǵģȦõģҲѧ졭
⻹û˵꣬ҶͲмһû
ţ
ҶЦҶţôȦõġҪȦһ
Ǻ죿
Һβͬ졣ҶϵֻǲСһ𳤴İˡ

֮Բ䣬͸ҿʼ
ʶƱиᡭ
Ҷ΢΢һЦл᣿һ᲻֪гˣʲôûУԸ

֮ǰҪһȹҶ룬߰ɣȴȥ򡣡
**
⹺ܿ죬ϾעľԼ۱ȣȻû뵽һȹȻ˿һСʱ
ҶȥߵĹģҲǽûеĵꡪݳƷƷƵ꣬Ȼû֣ЩڵװκͷΧһһ֡Щ·ЩеĹݳƷ껹
⿴ŵƼ۸񣬼ֱһҲ̫˰ɡ
ǶʦƷƵ꣬³µЧ߶ܶƣЧþͰĳߴټӼơ
ǻȥƷƵء
ҶЩݳƷĶ󲿷Ҳģײײ˴·˽ƷλʣҪһ޶ǵ棬ܶݡ
аɡ
ȻйĺãȹƵöȷʵ߹ţһɫģбɫ޶ףžӶԼֱŮ·ˡ
СԴҲ޲ڣȹ̫ˣ̫ˣ

Ҷһ˲Ļ㱡
Ǻۡ
Žôȹӣʺϵġ
ɫĵɫѩ㲢ûµͺױݣ˿̵Ľֻǳ磬ڷ٣ݣЩԵ˼
ɫĳȹֹ޵ǡôѽĵһ֧ʢŵõ壬۾ˮ⣬ѰؿҶ顣
ݶԵǸаݣٴ˵յӺȻһЩ˱ķ顪һӵĴ档
ֻǽĲ̫뵽棬Ǵྶͥķʡ
ƽﴩְҵװԣȻһĺȹУеˣ⻹ûôױ¡
ҶһۺʶӦǣⳤʵǲ̫ʺϵģԼøڡ
ױ˵ԼΪһЩԭ򣬺οȥһЩӦ꣬Ҳ̫㡣
ֻǺܿ죬Ҷˣ粻ˣԼϰ塣
Ȼ֪ȴһûҶøˡ
ϰҪӦｻίߵĳϸ࣬ǸŮԣԶǿƣŮԵλˣ罻ӣ²òӦһЩͻ߿ͷɧŵ
ҶˣŷԼܸκҵǡĸλȻһʱ֮䣬Ȼȫ벻ʺϵλá
࣬ȲʺϵҲʺϵϰ塣
ҶŴ˼ɣһ߽ʵ
ҾÿԣƯˣ
С
ҶôģҲô˵ġ
ΪʲôУԴˣɻ󣬡ԴôЧȷʵð
Ҷ򴽣һЧǿУȹҲ̫ˡ
žתһȦðֲVڰˡ
ڿһ裬ԼԼܻ߹⡣
⿴ҶһۣûϵͦϸģûôأԴ˲̫⣺ʲôⰡǽԸУҪ罻ԸŮ㲻Ҳ˰ģ𣿿ԵҲ⡣
⻰֪ôǴŭҶˣ˵ֱЩҧгˣ⣬ôô룿ʵǵǡʵɡֲǡżɡΪǵȨˣ˵ӡӦǸءԸУȥƻֲȥҶģȥҺԴġ
Ҷ˵꣬˿ȣ侲˵˼е㼤ˣҲΪǺá
˽һۣҲܿǰһаһУҼȻиְ𡣡
ҶϾԭȨˣǻи飬Ҳ⣬ôһ˵ҲЩ˼
գҶĽ£ɫȹѡһΪйоصľƺɫȹ
ҶȻëͦ࣬˿̶ǵͷΣ˸ж
ȹ߳ģӦûرҶ飬ǵ;ĵ̺󡪡
ϳԺӦоУкܶҵమõģֱߵĺ決ꡢ廨ꡢȻܡƤֹVR顢ݡС
硭
ղײգȻҲûг̰ţҶһ£Ͼ˴ǰûʱ䷢չȤãԼʲôȤȻ֪һֻֻŹʵЩҡ
˵ɾ͸ɣҶקһҵߣҴѰȰҵҵڣ
⿴һҶ飺廨ȥ𣿡
ҶüëˣŮ˲еİãһȥ廨𣿡
аɡǲҪҶˣúõ˳˸죬ȷʵǸ鷳
ûҶ黰ˣǾ԰ҶקһС
ûпܣϺнʵɷ츳Ҷ˵⣬ȻͿʼг˸٣ҸֻѾԤԼˣܿʦ㣬ҿڵҵˣ˵ĳ˸ٽѧǳʽΧرĳ˹һξܴܲȤᡭ
ֻϧĻû˵꣬
ѭŷҶ鲻֪ʱѾ˸ǰŵصͦ
ⲻ٣ǿҶںڰټϷɵ޳ָͿٵָҲжϳǸѶȵӣֵˮƽټȻ
Ҷ·ˣͦΣװָÿͷ·ÿһֱ֡뻭·Ůʼֻա
ҲȫҶ鵯ĺܲиĸټҲڹͨܵá
ֻǸոսѾҶͻȻͻأƿ֣Ȼٸǣ˹
ˣ
Ҷ򴽣һˣû
̲סˣ㵯ôãȫרҵټˣҶ飬֮ǰ֪ܵ٣ȤãǸ٣ˮƽڸһнǺܺõйڣһҵ¿ɸɣƽʱϰڹ˾ʲôϣ㻹Աһأ
ϧǳ飬Ҷ鵹Ǳ黹ǲ̫ÿٲҵȤá
㵯ôã
Сʱ򱻱Ƶģǻȥ£ҶӻЩݵĲҼ˸˸ʦÿ챻ҪСʱ˻ᱻ򡣵úҲǴСΣϲȤá
ôҵ𡭡
û뵽Ҷ龹Ȼôҵͯꡭ
ǲ˰ˣҶ̳Уǻһطԣ
бϵܵ꣬ͦϲŪЩѧʱţ¾ͺ飺Χȹ㴩ϣҽ㡣
ҶտڵΧȹ¶ı飺Χȹûϴɣ˭֪һûʲô˴Χȹ̫ˡ
㲻
ҶܼҲ
ԼȸٶԣҶǰûԹչƺóгƷٻ˵棬˺ܿתһȦͿʼʴ
ܳгˣ⹤ˮƽеΣ㿴ƵĲȶԳƣƿײƽ
ҶһߵһҸоʮãԲ
׳־Ǻ£˵ҶȤˣ
ص˵ͷյע㣺ǳѧߣһοȳһƿ̶ֹת̵߱ԵȻҪס̤壬תת˫־ͿͨΣȰѿĵƿú󣬿ٸϲƿӵƿڵ״һҪעԼ
ϧĽҶȻΪ⣺ִ۵ĶûʲôɽģգֻҪõָˣÿҪҼݣҿĶˣѬ㹻ָܵҵָôܲ
áСһɨ˽һۣ¶ԾԾԵı顣
ȻȤÿȥҲ죬Ҷ鿴תԼֱʱ¶˾ɣ
ȻյȻܴףȻô֪ǲǱγҪ״ˣ
·ΪӦһ㣬ҶǰԶһյСûնԣתϵ˳ȥ
չӻ˿̹ǸСںգŪԼֵࡣ
ҶһҲû͹ϵҲˡ
ˣôУ
Ҷ˵Ǯˣ˵ٰʽǲ֪ԼĿ϶ңӰ
Ҷһ˼һĲ㣿
Լ⼤ˣҶȻԸתǰ
ֻҶ鵽ǳѧߣͦӲһӴ࣬æƫƫҪӣҲչʦָ㣬Լǵģһٴеı飬ⶼȥˡ
Լе࣬ߵҶߣʼָҪ
ϧҶԴ˿ûʲô츳ûὪָ㣬ΣְֱֻҶơ
վҶ΢΢Ҷְڳȷַ
һȻҶȴе㲻ȻԼе̫ˣͷһľ磬Ҷһܣе͡
ĶҪһ㣬
⽲ºͣҲ棬ߣ۾ת̣רע
ʱҶӦȥģȻĲɵĲĿⲻԾ˲Ӧÿĵطȥ
ܿ췢ߣЩյģҶ飡㿴࣡񣡡
Ҷרעģ룬ӦþԲԼȤڣôܸտʼ־˼룿
ڽָһ󣬾ͻصԼλϣҶ԰עץ
һߣصԼתǰҶĽȣԼ־Υĸо֣ܿͶ뵽רעȥһУֱ
ֱһɵϡ
㽦˿һЩ˽ϣһЩɫȹϡ
ȹҲģ
סŭղ˭ˣ
ѭķȥȻ󿴵ŶҶ顣
ⶢת̿һۣʦҶ飬תϵأ
Ҷü˽⣺ôѵϵҸɵģһɳִ£
ɫ˫ֿɰ㴹࣬ǰת̵ס侲תû࣬ΪѾˡ
Ŀ⿴۲Զ̨ϰڷŵһߣ
⿴ߣʶԼԩҶˣȻˣ
ƿôеɣ
Ҷ򶨵ʱޣҲַֻӣοⲻɣȻȥΣʦƷˣΪʵ̺εУ㲻
Ϊѧ˵һȷʵǺˣ
࣬˿úҶ̽ʲôֻѭſ˹һȦȻܿ췢תϼûҲûƷġˡɲǸղǸС
ԼǸܵĿ⣬Ҷ侲̧̧°ͣ϶Ĵ𸴣ǸС˦ġ
һǸСĻҲˣ˼ҴҲ⣬ܲܺ͸
Ҷ飺ǼȻҺ㶼ߣʣµľȻɡԺƣҪȸ죬ڿ԰߽ϴɾ־㿴źͦϲյģҪҪһ
ˡҶؿ첽˫ֺնضԽȻҲ֣ͦƷҲǴʦģ룬˵Ķԣ޵ʱ仹Ӧ̽޵ĿܣڲǻҾҿȥоһ²廨
ղŲ˵廨Ů˲еİã
Ҷ˿ȣȲ뿪չһ㣺룬ԼƫˣԱ𡣺ο磬Ůֹ룬ӦʱһӦģѧ廨
ȻֵֹģҶΪھԼȤԸȥԵֵùģûٶ룬ҶҪ߳չҶͻȻıⰮ˲廨ߵ÷ɿ죬Ѿٵ˻յ꣬ӰһӾʧڵſװεĻ
û뵽ҶĲ廨ôŨңɼҪҵԼȤˣ
ԭҲӦýֻյ֮ǰȻչԱҪ룬Ա´ȥȡԼƷˣ۷չȥȻ󣬽֪ҶͻȻôȲȥ廨Եˡ
ҶǰŸ뿪չǰǸںޡ
õ߱͵ˣ͵ˣ
ҺòײõģհڱϵС̨ϣȥϴ˸֣ûˣ
С൱ίһᣬּڿ͵ԼƷˣֶ͵СĶ͵ǲ˰
ⲻǸղűҶָϰ˦Լϵĺӣ˵඼˦ˣߣ
ȻЩɻҲû룬һ·˸ղŷŰƷߵĵطʹԱҪ롣
û뵽źֵյ깤ԱûֻܴźҲϰƷ̨ϵϰƷ̨ˡ
Сѣǵ̶ǹԱûΪ㿴õĴΪһϰĳƷһУѸ㡣
С͵Ǻί⻰ȥôҭҭֹסᣬָֻ̨̧һƳ˰Ʒ̨ϡ
ҵˣҵģҵģ
⺢ӶŵģҶųԼĴʦƷ𣿣
СĨĨ᣺ҲҪϰˣҪԼ

ʯ֮䣬ඥڶӦ˹
Ҷ飡
ѹֿôɣСģ
ת˦ѵҲҶǻ
ԼˮƽҪ̫ƽȻűСȥϴֵļ϶СƷ͵ˣ˦ѵĺڹӸС
ֱĿɿڴô꣬ûҶôҪӲµˡ
ԻȤˣ
ôȲ뿪չ˵ײǷΪ˿뷸ֳ
Ƚ߽շҶȻûԼԵȤһְŪ䣬̧ͷ˽⣬˻һ򶨵ҸԼԣԻҶҵȤڡ
ֱһȤʲôⲻǲеģ˻ϣиһϲ°ɣУҶˣͲøʲôȤãܾûаá
ôָҶȴȻ黹ã㲻Ƕ¡
ü֪ʲôӡ
ҶЦЦһӦøлһġǰȷʵ֪ԼʲôȤãҲ֪Լʺϸʲô죬ˡ
㶣ҵȤˣ
ǡգ
ҲǣóһζŲϲȻҶճǳʧܣܽͦûӣû׼Ҷĺϲأ
ڽ湧ϲҶ֮ǰҶ򴽣
óϰ壬ʺϵϰ壬Ӧõϰ壬ϰ壬ҵȤá

Ƿǰ˵ʵʵҲֹ˾ģϰߣⶼעˣҲͶ˳ˡҴû֣ʵԼѾõģԼİáʧȥˣᵽϰĿ֡
Щյüģ˵ûȷʵӦҵԼȤáҳ˵һմʦ廨Һ͸ټңʵãϰ

Ҷ֣µĽļ򣺡ллˡȷʵȤãĿ꣬һнߴְԼҵµϰ塣

ġ
ֱˡ
ҶȤãΪúøԼ򹤣ϾиʹฺȤãҵܳξðȶ٣˭Ҷȥϰģ
Ȥþǵϰ壿
ôûǷˡ
ֻҶܿʶǷĻںͷ˫ֲſ㶵ͷ˽һۣȻˡϽץס㵱ʱҴȥ衣



31 
Ҫѧ貽, Ϊ赸ɻ貽ɣЩ貽, һ֧赸Ƚ㲽
Ҷѽһרҵ跿, ؾӳճ⻻Ӱ
ǰľƺɫȹȻɫȹôĿ, ƺɫҲĵݹˡ
Ҷվ, ûл赸װ, ΢΢ɿԭһ˿۵¿ۡ
ƽ￴Ҷ齲̬̰ģ, ⿴Դ󣬷ЩӦûôྫӢк;У˵㲻ѱҰԡ
Žʾ貽
ŲѣЩĲɡ
Ҷԭôôֱ
, ѧԡ
Ҷýγ, 񣬿˿, ʼ«ưѧ
ҶʾŲѣֻǽԼ֫Эԡ
ÿҶԽԽһѾı飬ǽԼƳŲҵԼ, еΣǿ˿ȣҽΧ
û赸, 赸Ҳûʲô츳Ͼһ˵츳޵, պùԼ츳ֵˣ
ԷƱ, ͦ츳ġ
ǡԼĹ
Щ̧ͷлҶİݣͼޱؼܰ貽ô츳һ˸

ڴҶԽֵʤòֲ䷳ָ˽һһΣȻû൱ǿô˼ˡ
ѵҲҪ̫ˣϾ貽⣬̬ͷԼ赸Щศɣ貽΢һ̰壬ѱĲȥҲǿܼ񡣡

ǿ񰡣ԼѾ赸ˣҶǿı׼ôߣ
ڴǿȵѵ£Լ٣Ѿһ⺺ܻ˵Ľ׶ˡ
Ҷ뿪ӵ绰ļЪԾԽԽúôζе
ҶһȲظ֪һϢҾԼѧĲˣһԵΪֹˡ
ҶһţѧĲҲšۿ
ģ죬㿴
˵꣬Ͱ˼ƣû֣Ҷֹ

˰ɡ
Ҷ򴽣˸㶨ԼļҲҪѧôĽ࣬ƻ㻹Ҫͱмαһ㲻ǺųĲԼ顣
ԼԼɡȷʵԼ˴죬Ļǿܹˡ
Ȼ
ȻȵҶ§޳˫Ȼʿ貽ȴͻȻӷȣʲôҲǵˡ
ոӲϰ˼СʱĲҶΪ޵ϢǶ·ĵԣڲϢյһɶ
裬ʵ̫ˣĽΣգʶ룬ȻҶݺݵصһۡ
ϵ㡣
ⲻòסҪܵĳ嶯ҧҧ촽ӲͷƤ衣
ȻԽǽԽǷӲá
Ȼ֪ԼڽʲôֳҲûУҲһӮĹ迼ԣû˾ҪΣգȻȴΪҶߵĿоֽŶ޷š
Ųȵˡ
Ҷ۾ںרע촽ǷǳÿĴΣ˫Ư۾Ž⣬촽³ȴҧгݵĿߡ
ҽţҽҲȵˣ
ȵţҶ͵͵ʹ䡣
ֻȻȵһ޿Ž⣬貽
ɣҶƽҲӢģ֪˿ôţһ׽ˡ
貽Ҷ鱣˾Եĳ毺õԵӢҶׯһµĹȻȴ˧еƶǡôһʿ̣һרע顣
ѹս˵ݼ˺ӰϷܱŴݼҲˣĲҶĴ£˷˽źͳڵĥϣټȥȻҲѾ
Ҳ֪ǲ˶ԭ򣬻Ǳʲôȹ貽׾ӵĽţҶĽ󣬽ȴúܿ졣
ҶͺܻȻʱȴģܿҲ˽ⲽȱݣȻϽ˽ĵ㽪ĻЩ·Ҷ£Ҳã˽ٴγѿĲȽΪ
Ⲣûвμκľ飬ҲæƱ赸һ֪⣬ԭʹ󲿷һεضһƫЩȽϷͻȻ˿̣ʶԼĴ
赸һ֫Ȼ֮ûжԻȻĻϣҲһĹͨͽһһ֧裬ܴ˽ԷʺƷԡ
Ҷ˿ͦ赸ﴫݳȴһº͵ȻԽ׾ӵ貽üĶûвͷûд￴˼֮תȦʱûվȣ˽ţҶȻ֧ţϱ黹ͦ䣬Ȼȴʿŵġ
赸˾һĳ̶ȣĿԵɲǣѾϳĬˣﻹ©һģĸԼҪȴȻûҶȴˡ
˸˲˽Ľš
ⱾͿҶг貽ҶһҲףһҲ㣬һκúõ裬ԩҶԴ
æУⱻȹڰ£ûסǰȥȻһεģԹ˲ϾҶ黹Ǽʶס˽⣬ܴǣ£ѽԼǲˤҶǽڡ
գ֮£Ҷıǽڣ£øͬܣ֪۵ģҶûֻ΢΢ü
ֻڼҶȴѾͣڸղŵĻУҶ鿿ǽϣΪ˱ƽ⣬˫ֳҶǽϣʵγһҶԼơ
֪Լ룬Ҷߵ˵ƣֻáԵسҶජҶ飬ͦеźǿƵζһѰԵܲõĿС
ҶȻҲܵ˽룬˽ⶢҲʾض˻㶢Ҹʲô
㶢Ҹʲô
Ҷüƿ
ȡ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôɵĶԾĪģĺʤҲҲΪڸһЩĻӶݺݵضҶ鿴
ʱ˭ƿ˭ˣ
ȻҶͦƣԼϰ壬Բ¶ӣ
ʵһӺ󣬽ͺˡ
̫ˡ
Ҷ飬ҶҲô˴˵ĺһ𣬽ܴҶͫ￴ԼĵӰĶ£Ǳ˴˵жֻжԷ
ŻҺ궯
һǲ˲ŻҶɵ£һûʵȽεĶӣΪҶӣǾġ
Ȼ͵ʾ֭˼ʱҶ龹Ȼһƿߡ
ˣƿˣҲҪٿˡ
Ϊղŵ赸˵Щǳǳķ죬˵޵ĲȻ
Ѿƿߣ࿪ͷ˷̬޷ٺͽӡ
⣡

ҶΰͷתˣЩܻӣ㲻Ҫ¶ǵҡ
¶ǣ
ô¶ˣ
¶ǵӮ𣿣
ҶûǽķӦֻǿ˿ȣЩȻƿ˽Ȼ죺Ӱҽѧˣ´ҪôԼ۾Ҫô֣߰۾Ҳܼ

ֱ˼˭۾谡
ҡôӰˣ
۾̫ˣˡ

͵´Ҷ˵ֿ꣬˽һۣܺ۾
ﳤȥԶԵĽ⡣
۾볳ˣԼ۾룬һҲҶ飡


32 
ֻȻô˵, żҶָûý۾
ֻΪ, Ҷȫ̲֪۾ڿǿ跿Ĵǿ棬ǿ컨, ֮ڿ۾
ȻҶԼ⣬ȴ⿴һĿʶҶͻ֪
, ۾

֧, Ӹ, ʲôţѵҪѣ
ж, ĸǿѵ£輼õ˷ߡ
ʦͽ, ΪҶı̬Ҫ󣬽ҲȦɵ㣬Ȼܺרҵı, ҵѡҲǿܿˡ
Ҷ򴽣Ҳǳѵø˿϶ۣǾƻˣֻҪˮƽٲǶ
ǰԾƻִͦ, ѵôãҲ, ЩԾԾûȥƻᡣ
ҶԾƻϰΪ, ⲻ, ҲװȻȻƻǰһϣ⻹̲סҹһѸ߼ƻ˲ٽƻ罻ļ¼Ƭ
ΪԼ֪ʶ걸Ѿ棬Ȼû뵽վھƻĴһлǸ޴ĳԼоЩｲȫͬƻΪݻ͹
ø߼
óԡ
Ҳóԣ
ƻ᳡ǰһߣһ̲סͳһ㾫µСƷҶ󣬶Ҫˡ
עǣ㿴˭һԵģ
ģʳСӻһһģԼԻһܽ򣬾Ҷ
óԣҶԳԹˣһóԵģԡ

Ҷμôξƻᣬչƻտ磬췽Ҳ׼ͻȻ̫ȥԣԣΪ⿴š
ӦǺһЩļβƣȻ΢ЦźΧһЩ޹ʹɼ۵ȵĻ⡣
ϳ㶼ŮԲŻɵ£ҶҲûĸμӾƻŮԳôġ

ֻտҪֹ⣬ܽͱҶҶ鼸ʶҧȥȻϸͺ˴ݼ䡭
ȷʵͦóԵġ
ûƭˡ
⣬֮Ҷҷʡͼ֣һŵ˲Ӧϳʳܲ壬Ҳܲʿ˲Ӧóʳʳ
ò潪⣺ҪٳˣҲҪֵĶˣήҵĸ
ڶˣӹ·ϵڣûԶһ𿪻ͣҼǵҲڻЪʱһǳ򵥵Σ˵϶Ͷˡ
գգ۾Լһܽ˵˵㺬Ҷˣѵ
ͺͿơҶؿ˽һۣٶһʿҲƷ
ġԡֻû˵꣬ͱһܽ
УʿҪƷҸã㱻ȳԣ𣿲Υ˰ɣ൱ҡҡͷЩ˶ʲôë˻ҪŲԣҪոȼβƣΪνĹǣŵԺθvipſڣͺˣ
˵꣬òһţ͹СͽҶҲóԣ
˵⻰ʱ۾ģʺϾƻȹڣȻַ·ƻغˡԾƻ棬ûνľƻ
һضݵʣͨһؼ壬ѭ浸صˣȻҶԽദԽǷ֣ѭ浸صˡܸҶܶ⣬ΪʱѡҶ벻
ҶһֱŷǮԴɣȻֱ⣬ŷֲǵģһĵںͲܾһԡ
Ҷԭûйԣû̫ǵ˲߱ɹκʣڴԽʱպĺܳһʱҶ鶼ýΪǵʵȨ˼ֱϹۣεºܿһҵ
ЩϺ꣬뿿߾Էġ
ҶţֻչʾԼûκô
ԸʱȷʵͣῼǺܶҶûϸڡһμӾƻӦǷûгԷǷǶˡ
־ٶʵЩ޴Ҳ̫ΪһɹϰӦùĵԼԼ˾
ⲢһǵȨΪ
ȻڣҶȴ΢ĸӸС
Ľ⣬ѵʾʵϼ޻ķųߵ㣿
ŮģĿһףҶԼ춯ҡˡ
Ըķ䣬ʱճ˽ҶҲʱ趨ûָΪϰԼǲǸöˡ
ⲻעҶ飬Ҷ֪ԼҲֻԹȻı뵽ԼĲûôƽ
־ȻŹػŵĸоһůģҲһصĸˡ
Ҷ򴽣װ򶨣ŬȻ侲ضԽˣʹ֮һĴĿҪѰֵĺøºӡ̫˽⽪ˣֻϲֹ޸߹Ůģøһ㣬ҪٳԶˣͽĻᶼС
ⲻΪ⣬ָҶ˺üԵģҶ鲻˼ԵĶĵ
⼸Ҳԡ
ֻǽһεġͶιΪ;ˡ
ǵĽ⣿
Ķ̧ͣͣͷǸͦεˣҶƫģ˵ʾ͸ƫ飬һ˫һۣ·Ц
ԷﺬЦҲЦݣŶ˼һμǽ֡
Ϊƻ췽кǰûı֮顣Ҷ鿴ͽ⽻ƬŽװģͽ䣬Ѿµ˽ķչ
׻󣬽־ͻҸ뿪
ϾȻⳤòϲָ֮ģԽ˳͵ĲûȤβμӾƻͽֹĻҲûУ̸Ǻͽܺˡ
Ҷԭξƻкǿĺʤģ˶Խ⼸ǽħѵϾȻԼǵϰˣźͽһµġ
ֻ񣬶ϿԤĽԼ൱ƽͣͦõģֿϽ⿴ǣȻе˿
ǳǼܽԵʣǷܻϵĿ֡
ҶŽַߣȻͻԼιԵġǼܽζĽ˹ҲᰵʾԼŪ
ȻҶԤϡָûߣ֪ôģͽ̸
ʵǺԵͬյģִͬһҲ⼸ͷܺõҵһһֱѰ˼ǵʵʿǸʲôģû뵽С㵹ǸҺܴ⡣
μӾƻ֮ǰҶ˺ܾãֱȡԽӽҶ2.0Ȼ˿̼ˣ൱⡣
ֺҶȫͬΪºͶˣҲԸһ죬˿ͱˣͦĸоⱻŻ⣬֪ȻͶԷ˴죬ԼʲôĻ⣬ǽܽܺóûĶֶؽӻ⣬ýͦһ崺ĸо
μӾƻĿ֮һǺͽָùϵԼͽ٩٩̸ȻһֵõҶĿ϶ûͷܸܵҶԼ
ɼԼ̫ˣҲ̫ˣҶ鶼ԼͶϿɵĿ⣡
Щ⣬ŰҶ飬ҽ⵱ϰ壬ﲻˣ
ΪݺʤģԺͽֵͶˣ˴ҵִĵϲƷСϸڣ־ȻÿζȻͦһ£ϲͬһն˵
ҵʱ룬ҪܽҵҾͿھϲҺңȻǰͶʷǳɳúƷ
ֵĻý۾ˣԭֻźͽָùϵ뷨һ⣬еϧζˣҲǣ

Ȼ˺þãֱߴַ֣¾Ʊ˸൱ʿƣ֪Ƿ㹲衣
ܣȻܣ
ͷӦ̻ͷҶ飬ʹ˸ɫƣ˵ֿԼأԼⲻǻ

ķչҶȷʵţ۾Žͽ˫˫أͦģʿᣬŽ衣
ѵ˽ֵۣ
ġ
Ҷһеļβƣܿ侲ļŲӣܿͻڽǰ¶ӣֶŮɲ̫
軹ãһ裬ûȻˡ
Ȼ·ҶУһתУˣûպȣˡֺûϵĬҶܺܿò˹Ȼ΢ײһ𣬼̶ԵĴ󶼿ʼˡȽšԿ֫彩Ӳƴ󡭡
ֱһ֧ûۿ衣
Ҷȴеã˿ڼβƣʱ䣬֧軹ʣӣѾӺýԼһܽˡ
ֻû뵽
֧ͣˣһûɫЦţ⵹ԵЩ֧󣬱Ů裬ֱȻȫˣȻȻܾλŮ飬Цֺͽ˵ʲôҲЦžͳٴ롣
־Ȼһ֧
ⲻѧ
ȻչģҶ۾Žֺͽһ֧衪κöˣٵ赸β⻹ߴ貽˽֡
ֻǽֿˣ˿ûⱻЬ棬뽪һ֧
Ҷվţܾ˽ϼŮԵ裬ôȻĽͽ֣˴ܳѾĬȻ
һһͽ֧衣
ҶŴ֧裬ŽΪΪ췽ҪдͶͽȻŽЦĵһֻһ·˻
۾ţ赸Щ΢΢Ϣϻ˶΢ͱֽΡ
Ҷ飬Ĳɣأͦĵģ˳һβһСӣ¸ͽֵĿҸ㶨ˡ
˵㽾ҫ㻹˵رѲĥֻǿʱ˻ںһ䣬ͬˣû˵ôѽҲ̫˰ɣ
ҶҪһ˿ڡ
㻹˵ֹֻʶŵŮҾʿºͰȻһֱοң˵ûģҺʵڣЦ˵ġ޼һ
ҶеﲻסˣϹ𣿽ʵˣǡ޼ˣӣǿ˶ܺԽòͬĵطˡ
ֱƻⶼûٸҶùܽһ·ڿ޽֡
ʱȻҲȽˣһû
ҶһʱôţҲû
ϧţԽ޲ڣرʿҲºͣ벻һ⣬ĵҲȤĵطͻеĻ⣬رġ
Ҷ˿ȣŶ˼Ҳʿºͣ
ʱУƽʱºˣ㵱ϰʱ򻹲ǳҲ磿
˵㼦βƣûƵĳ̶ȣȻеͷ˵ҲֱˣҶһۣЩϧǰô֪нֵĹ˾ҲһֺͬĲҵ֪ʱӦȥĹ˾϶ȸ㵱ɣô
ֿһܽ´ʰ̾սĺá
Ҷ̲סˣԭҺͽǶ飿Ȼôã̸ȥ

ôڲҲǽˣŵԣأҿʲô̸һͦʵġ
էһҶ⻰ͦĵģôô΢˵ƣ˼άǺܿ죬һҲû˵ʲô⣬ʶ˳ŻҲǰҺսԺӸ˭յⶼûˡ
ĿԶ֪ǲǽҶģܵȻȴЩҧгݣûأúˡ
üģĬƬ̣ʰٿڵʱ侲Գˣͽֽ飬ҪŬģ֮ǰʱ˵һҪΪŮѣһ£ŮˣͰ˸ˡ
⾪ˣһʱûӦֻעϵ⣬ŮѣңҲӦİ˸
ѰҶЦЦŮͨԵģԲǸˣ
ʲô㲹㲻ǴԽȥ
ʶҲȥֻ˵ʱûۺڣҲŲȥ˵Ҫһϰ壡
ϧҶûԵҪҪ˽и׼Ϊרҵ¿ԲᴦҪҪѧᴦĸλǰΣҪÿλεաջϲãϾԤ̥͡Ҫ㸺

ԽһҲ䲻ˡ
Ҷ鵹ͦӣ㿴֪֪治֪ģЩﲻǸöӲԭ򡣡
Ҷ鿴˽һۣʵֵȷʵܴ󷽣ԸнƸãҲ̫ۣҪ£żðҹȥȷ񶼺ܷκ鶼ϲΪ
˵꣬״Ȼڻû𣿡
ˣһҲˡ
ôһԱȣҶһ㡣ȻԸеѴⱲΨһȤþǵϰ壬ⱲӵֿҲǹô䵭磬ٲҪȥס


33 
ȻԽֺܻ, Ǻͽֹ˾ĺѵõͦ˳̸ô֮Ҳ˼, ϰ壬Ҳûôѣ
һ˳ҶǱҲ⡣
ǰǩúЭϷ˾, ͷһ·߸ǰǵķ񲿺ͶԷķҲڽĥ˾ЭϸڣOẠֻʽǩЭˡ
Ҷϰʱ, Ӳٰҵ, OAύ, òǿƵҲȥƮƮһҵȥ̸Լҵ, ŷֹǺͬسƤ
˵͸㶨˿ܺͬʵϸʱ, Է˾ΪϷۺȶȼӳ֣Ҳ̸жԼۣʽͬҲǿ˲, ܶĥӲݡ
ȻѣҶջǸ㶨˺ͬΪȡͶʷֳɱ
ǾʮһʽǩԼ
ͶԷԽȷϺǩԼʱҶ˿
, һKPIˣҲڽǰüˡ
, ʲôѵģҶ黹ã
ûʲôҪע, ҶĿ, еشĵȰĿְд
ϾĿˣҶдְ棬ԿʼȱԱԸˡ
ѰԼôУ緹ʱⲽҶߣ˸
ڳǶÿƵһѵʣ˾μһ¡
Ҷüʲô
ôû⽲
Ѱôǩ˸ĿĿˣܿĿæģǲϼˣ
ۼѰҪѣҶҲෳĿǩԼ㶨KPIָɣٺͽ̸Ŀ˳١
ѰΪΪҶ飬Ҳǹ״̬ججԻȷʵ֪飬֮Ҳû˵ƵĻչʱڣÿʱȷʵٰչҶŴȥϯһҲδɡοÿƵǸǼƵ꣬ɼλ񻹲
Ҷϵ᳡ԤϵһͦеΣӲЪƷϾܿ췽ӦͦǮλ߶װŶᾫӢĿںſҲͦЯֹǰС
ֻҶתһȦҲ֪⵽ҪЯֹʲôǰʲôֻÿ֮յͦңΨһЩֵвμ߶ԡ
ƺǸ߹ܣΪҶɨǰϯȥǡܾܾһ֮ͷΡ
ȻЩǰŵǶʲô˾ģӦñǻǿϾҶΪǴϯλûУֻҸλ¡
ܿ׼ʱʼųͦһshowȻ췽ŽϴͷΡоӢؼʦУѧԺҵȫʮӪ̡˾ֲʼˡƷKevin
Ҷϸϸȥ˼飬ûŰװŴͷЩKevinǸʲô
˾ֲ
ҶԼ̫˽⣬Ϊȫλ߶KevinָƣKevin¶棬
Kevin̨ȣһ̨˸ƣȫ̰
λӢʿǣΪ˹ͬĿ꣡˾ٲά裬˵ֻҪ˼ͥǳɹҪַ˵ˣҲӦԼһҵˣҲӦվ
ĶˣǳоӢҵѧԱѧܶǹƴѧҵģĻкѧȻôŬȥԽԼȥ׷׿ԽΪ˻عͥӲٳּ𣿲ӦվӦŽӦǵ㣬׸ᣡ
Kevinٴ죬̬ɿԣΪУԭҪѵǰǳоӢĿͼ̽羫Ӣ
ĸλһ㾭ǣһԣ˭˵˲Ůÿһ֤ˣҲԳΪҵ㣬ҲԴҵҲԵϰ壡
ȻҶ鲢֪ʲôKevinⷬ˵ĿֻûüжҲоѵˣ̨Kevinһת
컹вǵһβμǻʿҲлΪӢеһԱǾ˾ֲֻҪָɨһ¶ά룬ȻעԱһԪԱѣԱ񣬰ԺѲμи߼ƻ԰ʮ׾ĤؼңԴ˳ΪǲƷĳԽܸѣһƼɹһµĻԱͿɳмԺ㷢չߴÿۣ㶼ɡ
Kevinȵؽ꣬Ͳ֪ͳһĤȻʼƽĤ˲ƶԺ󣬳ȥ̸ЩŮͻ۾ˣȫĿûƿֻһĤҵĳɽͷ
ˣÿĤʼɹҵĤҵʼһ˵ҵˣҵץֶҪӲŮ˶Ŀ࿴ӢͦΣ׬Ǯң

⾹Ȼһ΢
ҶֱѰμӵʲôҵӹϵ»ͷúúúͽ˵˵Ѱô£
ҶŴת׼ߣȻû᳡ھͳһȺִԱѳڸסˡ
гִֵܾӹԱȺʵٱ٣˽ⷢһشĤķǷ̼ᣬѾĤĺѵ㣬ǵĵ飬һߣ

Ҷֱ֣֮û뵽ѰԼǣͷŪ˸ĤӪᣬһˡ
ֻǲνͺЩ˲һʶгֵܾĹԱβ˵һͲǣĸ˲ģģΪװᾫӢˣЩһĲѧãϽĺˡǮô׬ϵڱ֪ЩĤû
⸺ҶִԱǸԣ̲סҶһۣС϶Ĥɣ
˵Ǳ˾λģϴνλ֤أ˵ƾʮˣ˸˵Լ޹ġ

ѰȷʵǿͷҪҶλģû֤ݣҶνͣԱҲϰҶˣΪϵ飬ԷֹҶʱҲ޷ʹֻ
ֻϵʱѾСʱˡ
ʵȻˣҶ黹ǱԱ˰СʱųʱΧ˿ǿͷŵķԱģ
һгֵܾŮִԱ˽һֿۣҶһۣΪŮĿ˰ǿ
̣ûס⣬ĳӣŮҲȰһ䣬úÿİӱĤ΢̳ɹѧţҲ̫ûˣҿǸŮΪһǼʱֹţ廨ͷһݰ

Ȼ⹤ԱŬѹˣΪ̫Ҷ黹һˡ
⵹һ·û̬Ȼһ·ҶҲٴ˵Ҷ飬֪ѹееѹ֣ҲȥĤ΢̣ҪȱǮ˾ͺ˵
ҶҪôңҸĤ
ҲĲȱǮȱǮҲȥ΢̣
òԼǱѰȥλġ
ͷǵģǵģǱѰӵģ֪ˡ
Ȼ˵Ҷ飬ϵıǲţĵͷҲ·Ϊ˹˼ҶӶķܡ
ɺ޵ǣȥ֮ǰĵҶһ䶫Ժ󲻹Ҫһкܶࡣ
ȽһߣҶһûѪ
һĤ
Ҳͬʱ΢žˡ
޲ƷˣмأĤǸõʱˮۣͻҪΪһʱòഺҸĶƷƣ°Ҫϸˮ

ҶֱҪˡѰԼĪ
ȻҶû뵽˵ĻںͷʦܻǣŷԼڵ⼸СʱĿ֪ʲôϲ£Ѵ칫ͺҪʲô칦硣
Ҷס·ѯʣôˣʲô£
ǰɽȫKPIЧˡ
ѰȻҲˣԼĿҪȽŽ
ҶͦȻȻݿĿȴԽҶ飬뿪㣬º
Ҷе㲻ԣţ
ԱĲ̫⣬ֻѰΪʲôȥμ΢Ӫ᣺أ
̽ǰǰҪmove onǧ嶯ɵ¡
ҶüΪʲôҪɵ£
Ѱ֧ȻĿ
Ҷһʱ֮ûӦʲô
㲻֪ѾǸϷĿǩˡ֪ǵƶȵģɹǩԼĶԽ˭Ŀҵ˭ġ

Ҷ˲õԤУղŴгֳܾȻûֻһ·ֻŷŭûֻͳͷһȻδ磬ҵǩԼԽˡ
ȲͨһʣȻ
ҶôڲϵѽղǺǵĺͬѾǩˣŵѰκǩģ˵ѾְˣǲŶʱ£ҪǩԼʱĵ磬ǶԽͺãҴ绰ҲûͨƬŵ쵼ǩԼصҲǴ¥ʵݺʹźͬǩˡ
˵绰ҶԼ̬Ѿ൱ƽˣΪ̫ŭڶﵽ˼µƽ
ѹѰĪԼ֧ȥμʲôƨ΢̴ᣬϣǸνʵٱȺڣһҲѰˡ
ⶼƺõġ
ΪǿԼĿ
ҶȻ̽粻ûթûѰֺ޳ַܵһ쵼㣬ȴΪ˼ЧͽԼĿҪԼҪʹֶδѹ
ȻҶѰİ칫ʣ޳ܵȻͦһʤߵԽС
СҶǳһǵһǣǽһΣְսÿ˶Ķ֣ǵˣԱ˵ʴȾǶԼĲ̣֮Ĳޣ㿴㶼ѧ˰ɣСᰡ۵⣬ɳɣKPIĻͦģӰ࣬Ͻϡ
ҶҪҵKPIҪˣֶˡ
Ѱеغһڲ裬бһۣôأĿ䶨֮ǰͲ㣬ҪʡԼΪʲô˼ǩԼأһҪΪߣҲϣҪλˣ𣿡
˾Լ²·ӣҪˣûϱ˵㡣
ѰǷ˵̧꣬ϵˮֲһ߼ôҶߵĶͲģĿҲǣѽΪܾ϶ˣδأģĿҲĶ󡣡



34 
ֶ, ңȻ˵ҪʡԼ
Ҷصңûˣû뵽ǾȻв㣡ǣвΪ, ͽʩҲûУ
ǳߵطŹ˾Աֲ᣺ǹʦ, ҪĸԱֲ, ΪӦΪشΥͣһֹ˾ȨͶͬѰʺͲ£취
Ҷı, ͵ȻˣѰо仰˵Ҳû, ҪʡԼҶ, ҸٱѰôĿʱ, ҲǺôȰҵġ
ͻָļƷ, ҪѧıԼ, ӦƷ, 䵱Ʒ쵼ǰҲ, ҶˣȷʵҪλ˼, 룬ѰΪʲôûݵĿҪأԼû𣿡
Ҷ˱, , Щŵ, ǰ˵ֻ
ǹ˶¡
ⲻʹЦЦ㿴, ӲԼϣ˶ǺܰģѰҲԱˣ˼ѾɽKPIˣʲôɿֻǸϰ壬ֻҵҲںҵôɵģİӣı¡οҲæпΪ͸ĸԱֲƶȣ˾ֲΧһתģһˣҪԺ̬ҪôҪôֻӦķݡ
Ҷû뵽гһգȻԼĻ˻
Ѱ¸˺ü꣬ô᲻֪Ѱ磬ԴΪĥҶ飬񿴵ҶᵽˣҲÿʿɶֹѰˣȷʵҪôôˣֻûüڿοҶһѰĳŵҶȴͻȻȿ˿ڡ
˵ûһᷴʡԼĿԣһˡ
֮֮ʵˣҶ֪оܣ˽⵱ʱϱĿʱίͷ
ĸܣһֻ֪һͨˣа취Կġ
Ҷ侲ָ򶨣ЦЦҲջ֮ǰĻΪĿ޲ߣȷʵҪʡΪ֮ǰûиṩκνͰǸΪֲһô
Ҷ齲˽һۣҪκα˵İ

ҪԼôң⻹ô
ɵűɣ
**
²УȷԼѾһϢʾʾҶ鴫ˣҲ˳ŵĿһܸҶȻҶҪӣŴˣȻҲûѰİһĬĬĿˣμѰǷKPIףᡣ
ҶѧְƷˣ
ܡ
ҶǳԸ²ڱУѰһ٣
Сع۲˼죬Ҷĺ޶ؼȷʵ˲٣ǵǰſڵĽͨΧ϶ϺҶ龹ȻҲûз쭡
߳Ǵ¥һƼɫϾ޴Ŀİֱ
գԱҶĳĤ΢̻ʧϲڱҸͶ˵ǿƭ鲻ҪƭǮͲˣ

Լ࣬߳
ſģʮѿ߹ַܶʩѹҪ
ܣʵ̫ѿˣ
ƸʱѧҲҵص㱾Ƶģôֻ΢̵ԱʲôҶĳһҪ鰡ƽԱʣˣǶǵĸӰ죬ϳЦһƬţ
⵱ȻҲ֪ѿǡ
ܣԱҵģ˵ڴթƭƼۼأΪӰ죬һĶİͻʾҹͨˣ˼˵ò״ҵùһ²Ÿ
һݣȥʵаհ˵ǵļͻҪһῴ¥ſڻɵҪ
ܱҲ㿴дҶĳ²ˣǹ˾ҶеܹҲʮһŲ飬²鲻ĸɵ𣿡
˱ƭ鱻ƭ嶼û£ҲֵǮƭǮǻô
˵ܿ˽ߵҶ飺СҶҶһ϶ܲô͸£ųԺ󣬻˭Ҫ¾ͽŲ顭
˵֪µľǰųСҶ
εë췸ˣҶ鵹൱
ֻ˵˵ͷ̬ǳȻһ飬˭Ҷİ࣬£˹˾
֪ܲ飬һ·Ҷĳʹһ٣ҶԽˣȻȻסˣҧгݵظ䣬һ˵ɡ
Ҷ飬ݼܳɴ£
ԼˣҶӦѧ˱͡
˺󣬹ȻҶѰ֮ƽ˾ǽ⣬ΪͽֵĺҪͽƵԽӣæһʱҲûٸҶѰ֮ķӿˣֱºҶһüذԼKPIҵĵ˽ϡ
ˡϹعĵЦŬƽȻŶڶ̶̰ڣ˲ҪKPIԤĿ귭˳Ѱˡ

һձѰôһĿôʱڲKPIѰģ
ԭ⣬곹׾ˣҶKPIҵ鿴ֻǵ꣬͸ˣѰĿˣ
Ҷ˿ڲ裬ͦȻģֻ׼ҵģͲģ
ȻѰԼѡ˴ֹȻĿǿڶģĲĿһΪҶߵĿһֿȵRapter
˵ͽҲкԨԴǸСģʱǽھģȻһ·æϵԴСҽ׳ΪԳΪԼһɹҵ֮ʱȴشұѰһˣʤʵѰȡˡ
ϸ˿ҶKPIҵԵ֪RapterĿǰΪٷչһרſԼIPܱ߶˾ģСȻȻѰӲˣ
˿̻룬黹ǲˬĿĸ˿ˣѩ̿ң΢Ӳ˾͸ѰˣǳļǮۿ̸ֻ棬ҵϾֻĿСԱȻ߾ܸȡͶʶܸŻݺʹȨ޵Ȼ粿вѰѰ΢ô棬Rapterĸ˾ˡ
֪ЩǰҪҶȻҲЩ⣺Ŀԭھģ
ѰȷʵֶûߣʱҲǲܷˡЦЦҼ㱻ѰĿʵҲа취ߡ
üɵؿҶ飺֪ѰΪңѾ㹻гĺͬŻݴĿȨҲôǵĿߵģ˼ʲôõĴˣǡ
뵽ʲôɴ۾Ҷ飺㲻ñķǷֶ˰ɣ˼ƳԼл߷ؿۣ
Ҷ鿴еˣõĵסˣܲ㽡ݣ
ôģ
ҶЦ£֪𣿡
룡
˽һۣ֡

ǧ顣
˽˽ѧҶ򴽣ļǮҵְ񷶳ڡֻǧѣܹ

ҶɤӣΪĿҲ˺üͻԷάϵ£ϵѾĵزˡЩģ˾ļЧƶӦøĸÿһŷһΣôſֽȥɣֲܱЧûõ֮ǰ벻˭жɣĸƶƶȣ
侲ؿҶۣƽҶ飬ƶλƶġ
ҶȻɣһƶƶȣҲš
Ϊûڻɹһ죬ƶܹԱٽ豨֮˾ͣԱͳһ㣬ĿҪɹǩԼǰ漰Ŀܱ
ޱؿҶ飺ĿûܳɹǩԼô漰Ŀнͨ룬Լ㵱ʱԲѺųƶȵĳΪôҸӽͽаյĿŻ˾Ԥ㡣
ҶŽ⣬ƺҪϡ
һҾԲǴΪҾƶȵܺߣòԼǰڵ渶˴뽻ͨãûüĿɹҾϡͿˡ
˶ԸԼǮðȥ̸ĿƶƶԺ˭лԣ̸ĿҽȥĿԼǮ
ҶͦӲǮ㡣˷Ǯˣ£ǧǱһʧԺҪˡ
һǧһٿë
ǻԲǧ˽˽ѧҿԸ㣬ҵǮ㻹Ҫǧһٿë
Ҷ˶٣εѾͬһˣȥ¾ȥɣøҵǧңȥǸǧˡ
ʲô˼ֱˣҪ˰
ɡҶ鵭Ȼھ˷꣬İ壬Ǳѣֲٿ⣬ǮȴʵʵڵġҪܸѣԺҡ
򴽣ϲд˱ƭ鱻ƭ嶼û£ƭǮĲˡǮĺҪһ˰ĸᵽˡ
Ҷ飬Ķˣ
Ҷ鿴۽⣬Ȼͦ򶨵زԺҪл𣬲ҪȥֲԹңΪѸۣǱˣҺסһʲôʱԣԼ۱ȸߣʡȥ˽ͨķա



35 
ԼбҪҶԽǮҪ, ΪȥҶ鶼ҪΪǮºˡ
ˣͲ, ڵϰ壬֪ϰ, һһҲûˣֲ㻹ԼðɣֻмıһĴ˲Ҫй޴ŵŭ𡣡
ֱ˵˵ôRapterĶĿߵġһּǮһݸɻһڼǧ, Ҫֵ
ŽһĲΣҶƲƲ죺ϾûҶߵĿ
RapterȷʵۣܶҵһоΪҵ, Ųὲ飬Ͼ˼ҿҵֲƵģ΢ĩʱھǵĿΣԴ˼ҵķչٶ, ˼ҵȻҪƽ̨Խˡ
˵ҵ, Ǻܶ˵Ļ, Ҳӣ̸ʱҶҪһͻȻˣǾҪǹߵһȥµ罻Ȧµˡ
Ҷ齲Żҿһ䣺ŮҶ, һҪǮġͼ, ûõġϾô֪ǲΪֻѡ, ŶðǮ, ѡˣһ¾ǰˡ
ˣǮĺãϾΪǮʲôѡУҪѡ㣬Ǿϲ㡭
ۿҪɢֻúĵشҶ飬Ҫڣˡ

Ҷ㶣ǲڷӦȻֲʧòƿߣװģɤӣˣûйϵҪԶˣǽص㡣
Դ޲ģԼһػع⣺RapterĿϣѾŴҲãѰҲã벻õˣԲӱ֡
ʵRapterװ׵ܺöԸôRapterʼ˸Ĺһֻʮ򣬿϶ιθڵġϾRapterãǸ˴򹤣Ҿʹ㣬Ҵ£˸̥һ˫̥ϵһ̥һӣȫְ̫̫һʮôˣùûܻ
ٲ˲飬ȻĿԼ˽Ҳ˸СңнӵRapterһЩĿ˵˾ǹ׹˽áڸRapter򹤣ʵѾRapterԴƽ̨͵͵齨ԼŶӣԼҵˡ
ԼСŶ϶򣬱˵ͶûˣԱҲס
㡭
ҶЦЦҸһRapterĶĿѰǷŵҰ͵͵Сǵ΢СĿʽ֣ҶԴ˻Աܡ
Ҷʼ磺Ǹˣͬˡ
ǵ΢СĿʽֽҲ֪żߣȷʵû̫Ѷȣֻ뵽ĽǳСĿֻǱˮнĳ̶ȡ
ԱԸ⻨ôȥǮԱԸȥ룬СҵĶԽ˶δԸȥЩı񡪡ϾҲЩСĴˣʷʽֲǸǸ˵ģǸҵģòõõǵнˮǣ෴Ҫȥ룬ҪһѱӴԼαʵȥأ
Ҷ鿴˽һۣRapterԽһԼҵҵÿǮĻԼ͵ģ㱭ˮнʮʽ𣬶ҲǱģҲںģȻ롣
ҲȻˣǵ΢СĿʽÿ궼УֻҪ鷳һ̣ÿ϶ȶõʮ򣬶ԴҵڵС˾˵ǽȼü֮
ˣΪʲôôRapterԽˣȻѰRapterĶĿԽӸҶ顣
ߴߴ硣֢ҩˡ̣λͼ˷ܺùֱͨӣġ
ҶЦЦֻҪˣ㡣ְﲢ飬ԡҵҪ˽ĿͻȻԮ֣飬ʵ˵档
Ҷ鵭Ȼ˽ۣûʲôϵܵĺϵˡĴҵСҰҾͳѰܵĺˡ
ܽˣǰRapterԽ˱ѣֻߺͲʣûȥ룬ûҶط˱϶ԷѰƹø⣬ûԼʹֶΰĿ
Rapter൱ĿĶĿҲ㹻Զո¶ͷǵϷι˾ѰֱǼ֥鶪ϡ
ҶKPIҵѾѰԺɫ
еģ
еҶĿ࿴û뵽ңȻܶԸҶ飬㲻ϰ壬ڴ򹤵Ҳȱ˸㣡Ҫٶͼģǰйϰ徭ģֻܴ򹤵ġ
һ˵һ߾óֻҶתˣȷʵеʵѧǧˣһһ㣬ûˣɶĽǸƶҽҲĸձϵġ
ҶΪ˸㶨RapterԽˣòԷ˺üηɬ˽ҪĸﱨƶȵĻյ˵ѣŽǧ⣬˵㡰СѡɫҲô
ûüյ׶õ˶СѣֻһҶͷһһΪҵʡ
Ҷ绰Ĵ΢Цʦã˵³бҪǩ̫ˣԺѵַ
˵֮ǰXmoonҵ£Сһ׮˾ͿϮҵģҪҪԭXmoonƷӶƷĳϮ㷨ԺûоҲֻҪһ죬XmoonǻͶʷύĺѾֱӷˣģҪĺ飬һվϱƷ
˷ϲ¾ˬҶò΢ЦغͶԷ˼䣬ŹҶ˵绰
ͦȻȴǵɴ۾һؿ
¹ҵʦ
Ҷ˵ͷôˣ
ʦôϵôõģرвţΪ˳ģǰǶԽģǹĶԽӣҲʧΪԹ̬òģܷ񵽵ĶλˣտͻʱҴ˸
ͦίȥžΪXmoon£ʦϵϣҰXmoonĿΪXmoonƷӶ¹ҳϮҸҲΪƫöһҪǵĹƶȣ֮ˡ
Ҷ¶ɫӦˣ
Ȼ˸ʦҲͬ飬ɹ˽ЩģΪƫþͰXmoon̡
Ҷüģ⣬˵ԭػ˵ɵ
򴽣ҸûXmoon
ղŲ˵
Ҷ棺XmoonõǵͶʣҵͶȾͲ꣬ʻҲԻãʱʱģѯͬ£ԷȷŸң̣ΪˮƽӸȶĳ׶ξͻᱻ
Ȼ壬ôҲ֪ԼСѡˣôԼķϣҶߴͽ̣ұ˲ͬһ£жϣʵXmoonĿ㹫¹첻˽ߣҲ100%ܻǵͶʣʱΪʲôǱ飿
Ȼ򣺡ղʵѣ
Ҷ鲻ôѣ˵͸̡
XmoonҲͨ㲻ܿXmoonҵǲ˳ˮ¡ʦˣвߣǳ飬ˡ˽ҲҪ̬һסġ
һȥӡˣԺĿԽһ飬ʦ˺RapterǱ߶Խ˼ǮۿͬʦǴߣ뻯飬¼Ӵ֮ĸŦԺѰҲڲߡ
Ҷ̯̯֣ǲΪ²ûXmoonXmoonҪǽ֮XmoonûҲû˽ûʧԼҲûʧõḶ́Ȩȫ㡣
ǵϰģȻϼ޻
ܽˣܽˣ
ԭе۳ǧҶǵ㽱ѣǾһ㲻ˣҶļ磬ĳİ£Ҷ飬ֵ
Žһѧϰ˵ı飬Ҷӿ˵ʹ졣
ȻԼ˴򹤵ģԼ㣬ȴעܾʹûƾǵõ˽ѧѺͽѡ
Ҷһʱ֮ӿϮǿԤУȻΪҸоõص㿪ֻֻУյ˵Ŀ
ǧë
Ҷ鲻ŵصɴ۾ػϸ鿴տϸӽתǮûбˡ
һʡ
˵Ľѡë
ԼֵֻëԼİã
ëǮѣԼʲôİõģǽ⣬Ÿëİ𣿣
Ҷֱҧгˣ㣡⣡
󷽣


36 
ΪȱǮ, Ҷ൱ؼԴӳɹѰһĿƺҲȼս, ԽսԽ
û̫లţҶ鶼ĿˣмѰĿΪҵѪս׵ζ
ǵĹе΢ɢЩĵ̸ļĿ䶨, ͶʷĿҲȲչ, Ҳݵشһ
磬ʱг̱䶯£ѵõõһСʱĿʱ䣬ҲûҶйӼݡԼԭϤ·̯С⽡
Դӱɽܺ, ⲻûָߵ, Ȼ, ԼĻС⽣⽵Ƿоʻ
Լ˸Ƶ绰, ŶԷԼչʾĺסı, ҲԼС⽻һƬ
عҶϵ绰, ŷֲ֪ѾߵϤתǡְ򹤹ܾãתǰߣǵԴֲˡ
ԴԽ, ûٹ˹ֲ, Ҳ׼ʱպʲôϵ
Ȼ˵Ҳ, ⲽֲſ, ײӾֲŶĵԣ˽⣬һ¹ͳЦ
⣿ôˣ
ԵԺԼҲʶģ
Щľϲ԰˰֣̽ؽеѧ
ԵͷЦЦ㻹ǵѧУѻ㶼˵ûˡ
ڵҲûо⣬ȻǲͬʱգȻǸůŵѧԴӲΣܿת˻⣬ͽ˱ģһҲýоʴӺͲ˼
ֻ˸ţֲ߳˼Ů
곤֮ǰչˣֲûӪȥҪԱʵҲû취ְֻܴˡ
Ȼְ𣬵⼸Ů϶ǲ᣺ҪԺֲ˵ģһһʱ֪ͨǣǮЩû£ǺϲĹ
Ůӵֶ꣬˷ְˡ
Եɫᣬף˼Ůǰƽȴ⣬ֲôˣ
ѧΪʲôҪԱ
⣬Щ˼Ӫҵ½ˣֻС棬ʡ֧
ӦðɼǵǰֲĻ𱬣ôᡭ
ЦЦƽؽ͵һʼֲǺܺã˺üҾĵֱ̣ӳϮǵĸĴʼֱǮͶʸЩ𷿼ģʽ̵࣬ĵضҲã˺ܶߡҲ취ôзӱģʽ°
ѵʱܹԺܶĶݣԾɴ˸мֲ򹤵Ļ䣬Ҳܶ෢йĻᣬ֤һ·ǻһԵɣⶼ뿴ֲڸʱ
ֱӸͶǮǾԲҪģǮķͬʱҲα겻α
ֱصǣ⻹Ǻͷۣôܰأ
ܣ󻮰£ûĻҾͷOAˡ
ⱻ˴˼·Ҳ󻮰濴
Ȼźܶ¾ɽˮ·һģԭֻǴ㿴󻮰û뵽ſţһ󵨵뷨
󻮰ǹڽӪģϸ˿֧źͷܵλҲΪ˼ǵһǲǿ԰ֲ뵽Ͷʵļ
ģҲȥҵ̸ˡ
ѧֲܱܲߺͲȨңмأϵʣʾкʵĵطֲֲĸ
Ŀǰ⼸ƽ̨൱ߣɫǳǿ˿ճԺܸߡȫֲܺһ꣬ÿ𷿼ʹòͬⲿȨһȥ̸µĺʽҪ̽ķҲֲܰӾҲȫ˵˫Ӯ
Ϊ˴ϻۣһͨ꽪ϸʽ۾Ҳȷʵ
õ϶ĻشҲ߰ûԪԪ֮תķʽҲҪƹ·ߡǿֲ趨ұעֲʵַкܶ߷ǳ˼ȥʵѰȥʵزȵ̽꣬ԺҲԴֲ
˼ҵҲܻӭģʽΪƹ㣬ϵĹԴܸѾˣٽһӰƱҪ£бĳ桢ܱо꣬ǲƹ㷽ʽ
Ϊͬ͵Լһļϣ̶̰ʱ䣬˾е˲߻ʼжˡ
ǣͽټ˼زſᣬֲ˽ȥ
ֻǽȻ죬Ҷ֪¶һѾı顪
⼸æ
ϳʵɻ󣺡ȥŵϵ»ƷÿζѳһҾ̽ɲأʧƷ
Ҷ鲻ãȴĹȫͬһƲ߻һ߿ҶһۣҶ飬㿴𣿡
Ҷʼ磺ûУǰæŹ˾ûпǺ˷ʱ䡣
Ҿ֪ô˵ΪûпŻôǿƫüģѵؿҶ飬ÿ£ÿ鵢𣿡
ȻᡣҶ룬չʶҲж˼ά
ǲˣ㿴飬Ҳܶרҵ鼮ɣҲֻǺʽܴͬݵĶܶʱһģۺ͹ҲһҲչʶⴿƫ
Ҷޱصͷ˵ôеҪǹ쵼ˣֱѿαĳʽҿ϶ǿ󡣡
˵̧Ͻ˽ص顣
һ-
ڽ-ǡ
ҶЦܴݵĶȷʵͦģʽҲܷḻȷʵչʶҴ۽硣

е죬ѧ⣬ַɵҲزȱһ֣
ǻ˷ʱ䣿
ÿһӶˣҸջڿNBAأѵ㿴ܸıĽ㿴Ժ򼼾ܴȻΪһٽˣ㿴Ҳ𣿲Ҳ˷ʱ䣿
кܶԸΪ˿NBAȥֳҲȰԸȥꡣ֮ûʲô߹֣֮ԪߺԪֳƽȵġ
ҶƲƲ죬Ȼͬ
ýˣҶ飬ڹȷʵְܶΪһҵĴҵߣӦÿζ߸ϿҵӦȥ˽ҵ̫￴ҵҲƷߣôӮг
˷ʱ䡣
ÿƫÿڶˣҲ̽˷ʱ䡣
˵ô࣬Ҷ黹ִѧԶ⣬ҵ߶ԪеҲԽܣǵһ֣㲻ӦǸ򵥣ҵϷ𣿡
Ѿҵĵһݶҵˣ״ҵĳԿ϶ӯƣҵѾʵȶӯǲҲӦ÷ҵǲӦ̽һҵ·չ
Ҷʼ磺ҵһڼȰΪҵˣôС˾ҵϰ壬ô˵ģ̽ҵ·չǾͺˡ
ҶһۣĴ˾ܳе̽ĳɱΪС˾̽ʧֱܾƲˣܳеµͶ롣
ҶβӣֱԽ˵ԽҶ飬ֻǮû룡
⻰ȥҶ鲻ˣô˵ģΪĨҾң˭أҵǮҲ롣
ʲô
Ҷ˿ڲ裬Ȼҵ׬Ǯ
һˡ
ⲻҶ˵ˣͼ˵ҶֹʱҼֱǶţ١
ϰ壬˵㣬ǾҪƽ
˵꣬Ҷ顰Ҫ군񣬳ҶһĲ߻Ͼͻ˷䡣


37 
ҶĿˮ, ѰһСĿȻԼǰľۻз˸СĿȻѰΪж, ȻںĹ, Ҷһû·硣
ҶĿԼһƬ, ȷԼڲʳĵλ, Ҳû˸ȴӡļ߽ϵĻˣæԼĿӭϾʱ⡣
ԴǱ, ҶһȻҲҪҵ, ϧܾûһ𿪻ˡ
Դϴβɢ󣬽һеȫͶ뵽ֲĲ߻е֤ԼͼһжҪҶˣͦеζ
̫, ̫档
Ҷҡҡͷ, ʲôãʵ̽˵, ̽˵˻Ǯֺá
ҶԤͶȣٵһ, ΪԤƻǮڿɳܵķΧڡ
潪, ҲóȻ, ˱, ǻԼ, Լʱ¿㶨һУŻóϷ
Ҷ鱧˼ԹһС
ȻᣬжͦǿҶҲ൱ģһº󣬲¼ĿֲҲʼַըֲϵ꾹ȻҲӪˡ
Ҷ飬лҪ𣿡ȻӪͦԺҶ׳֦Լȥ׳ɹʧܣϾҲҪʵ˵
ÿǹȫǵصĹ͸νĽݱҶ˵Ǽٵģϧѡܾ
ˣԼ˿һĿڳǱ̫Զˣϲȥ
ȻСʱ󡭡
ҶѼñͿ֣װһƽʱᴩֳֿз͵͵Ļ
Ҫû¸ɣҶһߣһο굽Ӫжңʵ߷֤Լȷ
ȻҶſȸĳȫûߵǰһС·ͷѾȺٴι״жŮԸװڴա
ҶԽķߣ˾ԽǶ࣬ߵſڣֱɽ˺ĳˡ
꣬ô
ǽ⻨Ǯаɣ
Ҷ촽аס˼Сѯʣ֪ʲô𣿡
Ȼ֪ϲ¹ҳ꣬Ǳ֮һĿܿ㡷㿴еĲöһģһ̫ԸˣcosplayŵĵһʱˣֲҲ˼
Ҷһ˼ˣÿ˶һսʵļ
˶Ҳûʲô׬ǮƱѣ
Ҷ֮Աǵ룬οе̿ҵһģʼһЩͼʵ֣ǰһӪҵʱŶӵȺձҪСʱһҵʱˣã˵ȺʱˣſŶӵĶδС
Ҳ뵽һ㣬ҶͷµֲᣬֲһƷ꣬ϾܱСƷĹ档
뷨ͦõģֻǡ
Ҷ鿴ЩܱСƷļ۸ѾΪϧˡôߵĶۣ˭ĳһڼºȫʧ֮١
Ҷ鶼еˣǰûϰ壬⾭鲻ӣƷԿҵʼͲʲôҵҪԼӣȨ֧ǣ˼һ°ɡ
ȻҶߵƷſڣŷֺԼȫĲͬȼ𷿼䲻Ѷą̃ǰȫŶӵ򵥵ˣΪһܱ߿ںСìܡ
Ҷſ˵Ļܣֱ˼ԪĹȷʵ߸Ҷ֪
ЩСĻ߾ȻĹ顣
ҶҲûҵ鼮ȻûжСȦоܾСζŷš
ȻΪţЩ߱гˣصƷѡΧʮޣСȺǿҵһ׼λץסһСȦ󣬼Ʒ޷µ۰СȻ֮Ը򵥡
Ҷ򵥹ӪɱԼܱȻϣıĺ̫ˣȷʵ׬ġ
Ȼ൱ӣĻգȫ̶ڣְҵװͼԱ˵ʲôòΣֺȺĸоƯָ
Ҷ侲룬һΧЩι״˳£ôǰһģ̫
Ҷ鱾͵͵ģתһȦûʲôԼģ͵͵ߡ
ֻմתͼиι״cosplayİˣ۾һɫ죬һֻﻹֻѰҴȹŮȻͼ͵ı˵ȹס
ϧ󲿷ŮǽУеһʱûĿ꣬Ȼ˲ԶպͼԱֿĽϡȹȻ̣Ȼչ¶ɣһһȱ޵˿˵ȷʵǸֵĿꡣ
ʵ߲ԶǰԱеģҲᷢʲôصĺҶΪųԼڳǱĿˣԲӦóϣȻһз̫ˣҶʶʱѾȺаֻϢͼŵȹ֮ǰס˶Է֡
ⶼֽ⣬Ҳ̫ɵˣûΣʶ𣿣
Ҳһ̣Ҷ˸סˣڣȻǳˣץס𣿡
ˮһǳɣԶ׼ûҶôɵղŵ״֪װģԶԷ׼ץеġ
Ȱ֣˶Էֻ㿪һȻѾмŮ͵ģһвԶ
תͷסеˣǳмллˡ
ȻԼʹãȻкͦæ˽ⱻ͵ģæץס͵
ϧΪֵ˴ž޴Ŀ֣ѹ͵Ѽñסˣ˺ܸߴ󣬵Խĸмƴͷ
ʲô𣿡
Է̰˰֣Ȼ󺬺ӦۼžҪߡ
ᣬ˷ȥعĻ׷Ѿˣ
ôأһߵĺˣ㲻رԼҲӦʡ
ȻμģҲߣ⵱̬ǽ켸֪Ҷر֪ϲıһǩر
ҶҲ뱻ϳȻ˵һ֪ȥ˴ǰѯ·ʱǵõ֣ѹɤӵҡϲ¹ҵġ֮һĿܿ㡷
㶣ܿ죬ָֻ΢Цõģ˽ˡ
תԸԱһס֮һĿܿ㡷ر֣صص˹ȥȻһҶĿ⳯Ҷ˾ȭͷͣLove is loveô¸ҵĳϺͽԼĺ
ʲô
ҶȻһʺţ¶ȥϳϽŰˡ

**
ڽͻؼҵģɳϣҶԼľӼҷźȲ衣
ôӳǱˣһ㶼³ء
ҶЦЦ򶨵Ŷû³˽һۣ״Ȼô
һ꣬˫۷Ź⣺ǳӦ
û취Ҷׯط²豭Һæģж˵ĻʺңҲûʱ䡣
ܾÿж˵£μӻĻкܶ๤أҿ˴󲿷ֶҲС̲סҾһõˣΪæץһ͵񡣡
˳һ䣬û뵽Ҷ鵹ǺܸȤģŶ£ȷʵرеθһѵһˡ
Ҷ龹Ȼޱˣ
ͦģͦѵõġһ£ǿϧǸ˿ӦͦߵͦõģϧձȻ󽲻еͷ

ԼΪ˲αװͷձˣ
Ҷĺ޲̵ֻرЦҲ˼򣬲̫ϰߺ˽Щˡ
ǲᰥǸеӦͦģҲ̹Һͣ
Ҷ˿ȣɫԶתˣʲǶ̶̵ļӽӴܿ˼̹ˣ⣬Ȼż̫飬û뵽ͦʶ˵ġ
˵ͷͼ֣Ҳ֪ôģûʹϾҶЦЦͦ󷢴ȱشӽ˿֣Ϊʿ򿪣Ȼ˻ȥ
ſ֣ٸнһӴˣҶĶˣ
ű֣̲ס޵Ҷ飬ҿҲͦɫˣ
Ҷ鵫Цһ֪š
˽һָۣ֪ʱôõˣܾΧܾǡ
˿ڿ֣ҶĻ̲סЩпȷʵҺǸеģֱеģҶԼҲ󷽷̹̹ϲеô¸Һ;˹Ȼˣ
ҶֱеĴϻ͵Ц⣬۵ʱɻ󣺡ʲô
Ҷ˭˵˼ϲеģ
ԼҶķŭЩ޷⣬Ҫһ¹ҵġ֮һĿܿ㡷Ǳǵѽǿưݻͦġ

˿֣ղ˵ʲôܾʲô˼ˡ
ⲻףոջһõҶ飬ôôӣͱƵģˣ촽Ҳû˵ֻһѰѽıˡ

֣Ҹ㿪ģңջˡٺȵ̼ϣǷӰڷǲ̫ʹ
˵꣬վѽ⻹ûıͰһˡ



38 
һ, һ񶼿ܸҶԸ
ȻҶû뵽Լˣ»ܹ֮, ֻܱš
һĴ
Ҷ鵱Ͱס֮һĿܿ㡷Ͻ, ۲Ϊ, Ȼڶȥϰ, 黹ǲôãſѰɶˡ
ѰҶ˼ĿҶ鼸ǳۺ죬޲öһ
Ҷ黹ÿĿ, ѰֱøۣȻɺ޵ǣθҶСЬ, ȻҶǧظˡ
Ѱһǻŭ޴йֻұ³ⲻиСùҷͶײǹô
ԼǣֻһĿ, Ҳƽ̨ĶĿ, ĿǰǢļ˾Ǿܾ, һֻԱֲ̨δţթƭҲϵ𣿺ôװһ, Ǿȼİ

ѰԼӲı, īӡ, ͷй, ȰСҸһ, ͿʼҶָɣҲ֪ҰŸԼϷѵǲѾһֻҰڵԵʣԾҰƽʱأƽʱľܱ主ˣLowȫǵײ
ҶԭûѰƣȻƽʱաĸֳɹעǸҽʲô֣ƽʱĿģ
Ѱ˸ۣʲôԪ
û꣬ͼҶĲϣŴ׷˳ȥ
**
ҶԡԪ൱ӡΪѰһģһɳҺĿ
ʵµҶ黹ǾԼľûôһһҪʲôûʲôĹҡ
ϸ귢չ滮йδźܹ֯Ԥ𣿶δҵɹķչģʽ뷨𣿶ԱƸأƷȺ嶨λ𣿳ͷĿഢĿɸѡ𣿡
ǰOAﱨ͡ԪһĿʱϸķϣҶ鲢ûϸɨ۱ļڴ⣬ٿ˿⹤ҵͷǳٵص˷̡
ҶǵúıЩԼһɨļӺڱҲܿ귢չ滮Ѷλͽ鴢Ŀ꾡С
ԴҶԼɴ˵ĿԺ󣬽Ϥ˹̣Ҳ֪ÿĿĿĸ˶Ҫڱʱһ꾡ĵз棬ЩзݻҪ÷ʽĹԼ׫дṩġ
Ҷ鼸ΪΪǰԪҵǷݱ棬Ҫ֧ŶڹұֻҶ鷭ˡԪҸ˴ֽϣ˸ղѰǸ̬ȡ
⼸ʲôҲûС
˵ûĵˣԸʱȥúÿҵ˵ṩķʽΪҰ׸ɻչ滮ҵ·ˡ
ЩʮҳķPPTԭǽԼһһдġ
Ԫĸ˿ҲԴǣҶһ⣬۾ЩȻԲҾǸģ˵ЩҶ
еóָ壺㿴Ҿĺ˼һϲġ
˵ָ꣬Ҷ񼸺Щ󣺡ܿ𣿡
Ҷ鱾ܾģգӦʶԼʹȻ
Ժͽ޹أҶ侲룬Ҫ⣬ԼƽʱգԲһˡ
ֻҶû뵽ݺ澹Ȼһ硪㿴۵ָ̬壬Ȼûͣ
̫ÿˣ
ǳۼܹӲ˵ƻ֪ʶƷʸжǳ߼ûоǧ֮ĹѧУǡǡ෴ԷǳСͷǳͨ˹˺Ͷߵľ룬ڵ֮Ļ̨ʶĬʮ㣬ȤζԺ֪ʶԽϵķǳ
Ҷû뵽ԼôһصľӢȻгһջῴⲻ֪ǲǼӰ࣬ûؼңҶҲûԼ
СʱҪǽرĶеĶҵسȥˡ
һؼңҶѸ侲һȰѡԪƽʱյָ
ȻƺûҶڸʲôڴ绰ɫģҲܿģں˭ԼоǸеġ
õĺõģѽ
ȹ˵绰·ſڿɳϵҶ飬ԵһڼҰ
˵ʲôҶе㲻ˣҲ𣿡
˿ֱ㶼ʱˣ
㶣ҳԹˣ㻹û𣿡Ȼڵң
Ҷ鼸ǵϣûУ
ɿؽ͵Զˣ̫
ǾͺáЦ£ȻҪ¥ߡ
Ҷ˿ȣ״ʵҪȥԷ
ԼˡԴ⼸춼ڼԷ
˾ӦꣿҶ豭ȻȻȷʵ̫ϲǼȻݹʣһǾҵˣΪϰ壬ȥӦ꣬ӦôģϾżơݣЩ»Ҫģ⼸Ҳ
ϧġաֻû˵꣬Ͱڰ־ܾûǹ˾Ӧ꣬Լ˽£æľС
⿴鲻ӣ˵꣬ŸҪСܼ¥
һ̣Ҷû̫࣬ӦʱԼѾ˽֡
⡣
ͣЩɻģţ
ҶʵҲ֪ԼҪ˵ʲôֻеңӭŽĿ⣬򶨵¹¡
ƿߣĿϣ£㡣㲻רҵ𣿶Ҳͦġ
ȻЩ⣬һأɵش¥۷ﲻ
ҶʵҵûʲôʵģȻԼͷֻҪӲͷƤȥ
ȷʵͶԪҵһ֪⣬ʵĲ൱źͰ׳գȻԤϣĽǳĺ꾡
ҶԭҲ֪Լǳʲô̬סģȻŽǳĽǳ׶ľҶ黹Ķȥˡ
ܴһ㶼뵽ձʵϣʮǹչҲǳ죬ǰʼҪƽ̨ϵշѾܸݲɹĳɱˣҲǿʼӯʱˡ
ʵ⼸ǿ˺ܶ࣬ûҲǳ죬ǾƷԼҵչǵĹҵǺҪģڴҵؽȥھͷһֱǺĹ
۾רע飬˻ĿתרһͶ롣
Ҷ·𱻹ƻ󣺡ϲǵĹ
ûκͣٵģ˵ͷ
ƽĶۣȷʵϲǵĹڵ˵ʱ˼Ͳ˳ƽҲ
ϲԼҲѧרҵģϣǵĹԽԽãҾѧãҲƽ̨ܶеҡ
Ҷ˶ٲżĿĹ͸ҵĹϲĿģ
ԼʱѽγʽôңʵǷǳģ
µ񣬽Ҳ̹ͦϵص˵ͷȻ㵱ǮǺܶ࣬ҲÿϰǰεͦǰӣĿĹݡȷʵͦһ˵ۺʣЭѹйͨҸϲԼרҵȥˡ
ѰǸҲĿ
ȻͦģͬǴ󲿷ֶͦãһŽһ¶ԸʵڻҲͦ˼Ļ䡣
Ц£ʮȫʮĹҲʲôöռţҪԼеʲôץסͷСͷĹ岻˿ԼŴȥˡ
ҶŽĴѧŷûԼɣȻʱеСĺͨ͸
㵱ʱǸʲôԪĿԼ׼˼ʮҳĲϣҶװȻʵǸĿгҵֵʱͦһ㣬ֵ㻨ôʱ׼ô𣿡
Ŀ⻹ͦź̬ȴһȻֵõģԶֵûʱ䡣
ȻежһǾҪе룬ҵȤݺܱھϲ
Ҳ֪ԪĿʱջûС̾ʱԪҿûǮӪȥˣҲƾΪڳšΪĿҸ׼꣬ʱǷݱдĺ꾡ˣδܹ֯ҵ·ϣһû̫ྭ飬ûдʲô̫ĸɻ
ȻܶݣҲĶߣҵ鵽׻֣˽ܣҲԾǶ̰塣
⿴Ҷһۣʵܶ໭ģֹעһ̬ܶǰû֮ǰûʲôǮģΪ˸ϸ廹ࡣʵҪͶЩǱɣԹ˾Ҹ˶Զ˫Ӯ
Ҷûи߽ԼڶԽӡԪеģĳ嶯ɼٺͽ˵
ڽҲûپ⣬»ص⣬һЩҵķչ
ϸϸ˲٣Ц£͵ȻĿʵǻֻܶҸԽ顣ڵϰ壬ŷֵϰۣҪѧĶö࣬ܶҶڶ񲹣ϴκͽֿҲҺö࡭
ԭջͦãҶһ֣֡ͳˣѧʲô

Ҷ촽ɫѿǺĹ˾Ǿϵôѧǲ𣿡
˭ѧⱻҶǿʶˣزŵĸ̵ֽҶֽˣҲֻ֪Լǿ֪ʶڸվλôҵŵ˾ӪҲûǽ֣ΪڽҵǹˣԲҵĺܶ۵㶼н
ҶҪ㿴϶Ǳϴˡ̳ѣ㻹ΪѺýأǱʲôǻϢɡ
ҵһپٵģõ̬Դ̼ͷ˾չҲһкôģԾзչǷչͷãгˣҲģ֮Ȼ־ô˵ˣǸͦϲ˼Ҳŵˣ˵ô
ҶЩҧгˣ˽ôһŮѵķṦΰǸˣһΪѾˡ
ʼ磺̸ֲֻǺдרҵĶҲں˽ҵҶĹر࡭
㲻ҸҵҶȥΪʲôһҪ
գգۣбҵҶ
Ҷɤӣǰ

ҲҵҶҶֱͦ˼ұȽֶöܶ࣬ѧߣӪҵľḻҵҲȦɵˡ
ô˵ҶҲȷʵҵӪзǳǿɡ
㲻ҵ㿴㶼ء
˵ˣҶҵ֪ʶ»罪Լ
Ҷ뷴Ȼûʲôɷģֻ촽Ž⡣
Ҳ֪ĹУֻǿʶǵ¾Բ֣̽ⲻ𣿡
룬ƺඥ˽취㲻Ҫʽ֡
˭
Ҷ侲㻹Ǽҡ

һݵʱ䣬ȥҵ֪ʶƿߣҺܴѧܿ죬ǵӪҲָƣ֪ʶҲ㹻ȻҵͬҵͱĲҵҵ·ƵĵطҺܻڻͨѧˣҾˡ
Ҷ˵תߣ˽⣺ҪһݺҴ𲻳ʵ⣬ò⣬ȥҽҲ١
аɡ
ͽֵ˽ͣҪȥˡҶɤӣ˲ʲôö˭֪᲻û׽Ȼȡǵ鱨أ⣬̳սҪǵ㡣
⻰˵ȷʵе
첻ǺͽԼѽ͵ѧ
ҶЦЦǵĵյˣİɣˣʱҲȷʵǴ˽г̣㲻õġ
ҶȷʵӦ÷ĵģȻֻ꣬ˡ
Ȼе׷ʽ⵽Ҫ˭Էǽ֣˭
ȴȻҶ˿ֱ㻹ʲôʵûеĻ¥
ҶȻΪԪĿƫ΢˽⣬֪ʶٵĿҲʲ
ȥҲΣҶҲ֪ôˣǲý¥룬ʳԼⱲʹûӪ⡪
ϲʲô
Ǹ꣬ҶͺˣȻû취ֻӲͷƤȵոҽҵ֪ʶҾͦ˼Ҳͨо¡ƿߣȻרҵҲ˺ܶ࣬͸ƼȽϾģϲ֣ȥ
û룬ͦذԼϲҸƼɣкü൱˺ܶйŷԪأԼʷ̣硶ǽСмˡС
Ҷȫû֣Ҳ֪Щʲô£ȻŽΪԼϲ΢΢Ц۾ҲȻȻظȾĿ֡
Ϊһֱ壬ܴݺܶණģȻҶΪʲô⽲Ҳúã
һԼϲ⻰Ͷˣ˺ҪҶʾ֭뻰⣬ȻȻͷɢ˺ܶ࣬ҶʲôCPʲôǷ־жϽűĿǰмƽ̨ЩƷرܻӭ
һжܺãûǸ绰Ļ
ҶԼϲһЦЦòѵʱĵ绰ˡ
ҽӸ绰
Ҷ鿴վϻźԼʱЦ⣬˵绰ѧ
ѧ
ܿҶ飬˸ԶĵطҶûĻ

ѧ
ѧѧôðģԼô֪ǲǾǺѧԷ
ҶһʣȻⲻ𣬲ˣӲԶ˻һ߽ŵ绰һ߳Ҷ˸кȻһ·Ц¥ˣҵ绰ơ
Լϰʱ򣬿Ǻæģʲôʱϴҵ绰࣡
ӣôܼ
ҶԼһΪЩһ


39 
ҶΪǵδ, ú˯⣬𴲣һҵרҵ鿴
һ, ҶȦ, Ҳǿˡ
һҶȷʵûԿ䣬һǳѧϰ, һѧϰ״̬Ҳǳרע, ֮ǰ֪ʶṹ, ǳ졣
һϣѾҵķչ켣δǰ·, ҵҲµ⡣
ǰԪҵ, ҶΪ, 䱸Ĳרҵ֪ʶƽʱĿܿеŵˡ㹻˵ŵ, ҲΪŶӵȱݡ
²˳, ҶܿѡԪҸԼ˳
ǵȱȻ覲, ҸҲϲĿ, Ϊȡǵķʽ𡣡
Ҷⷬ, ԪҸϼ˲ڵľϲ
ǹĿǰôһƷ, ȫûҵģʽԣԱṹҲ̫, ҺóЩҵܹĴ, һЩ
ܹ֯ҵģʽҶó, IP顭
˷Ԫƽʱָ, Ҹ΢΢Ц£п𣿡
Уÿ϶пյġ
ͽпգʱ䶼ûСҶ侲ҼǵĸˣĿӱϣͻĻ䣬;ĿؼҸӳϰࡣ
Ҹһɻ󣺡ûҸӳϰ࣬һ֡
Ҷֻ˿˵ʲôʲôԵӳϰ趨Ļ㻹Ի

㻹𣿡
Ҹ˲˲ûˡǵӳϰɣĳҲȥ
Ҷ˵ͷʾԷȻͨ˽ĵ绰ι⣬˽Լܸʱ𣿡
һĸղŵģ˵ʵκͲ˼ģԪҵĸ˶ԽˣҺ£оǰ·ϣôȰ˵û˵ܵõĿشϢʹؼҸӳϰˣӳ¼֪ͨõˡ
ҶȻȻĳϿҺϧҲȰ˸˺ܾãǲܵˣ˵еʱʣһˣҪɻϼҡ
˵ƽʱĿ룬޵÷ǳģ˵ѹ̫ˣŲסˣҹ˺ܾã˵Ȩ޲Ҳ˵ϻıسϰࡣ
Ҷ˶Ҹ˵ĿɿڴΪѵȻ֪Լ˽г̣Ŀ˵˷ǳϲ֮ǰҲź뻹Ǹ֪һ£ʵڸϲҲû£ֻ˵ĿûԵ֣Ŀܶ࣬Ҳν
ҶĻû˵꣬绰ʹ˽⽹УĿҷǳϲҶ飬ϺѧʱԼһҪסˣҺԷҺú˵һҪȥĿǱôԻǰȥӳϰأ

Ҷ˵绰ԪЩδǽ֣ܵƭ᲻᲻̫ð
Ҷüûôƭˣ˵ᣬû㱾ûĻô棿ҰԼ˽⣬ĿһӾɫͨˣ㻹ʲô
ûûˡа
Ҷֿһۣϼǵͳһھ˵ʲôΪҲҪĻΪĿƭԼϰ壬ҪǱ֣϶ҪҲˣҲ֪˶ôٲά裬ҪҸסҶΪѺҺҸһҪ¶ڣһҪҧҸϰࡣ
֪֪ԪһмΪԼ˺ˣлл㰡
Ԫ˵ǸʵˣȻӦҶ飬ϻΪƬ̣̲סǣֵһѾͷѰٻųԼҪȥӳϰ࣬Ǻܶ˵ѾˣҪǻֵôǿ
Ҷһ㲻Ϊ侲ؿ˶Էһ仰ûǿû˰㶼ԼǿˣҪŮ˰οʲôǿĹһͶ𣿡
ʱҲõʱ˵λ̰ͣӡֻҲһˣҪôǿʲôܳҪǿһܴĿģֲΪ
ɡһҲءǺܶˡ
һݲоݡҶɷ򣬾Ҫ졣

**
ΪֲĴɹԭ͵Լһף
սýţڴݲʵʩĺü뷽ŬһɵĴź͵ԳԷúٳﱸﱸһӪˣҶһͨ绰ѽļƻˡ
ȻԽӵ˳Ԫң
ʱգԪȻҲڣ
Ϣý⼤֡
ǽˣڿ˵һ̸ͨԪͶǮֲǰźˡ
ֻǴΪʱղͬˣȻԪڣƽʱյĿҲڣ˵ԸȴôྶͥԭִŵһˣȻ˿޿һ۾ҪȥӳϰĴˣųƽòϢͳ׷
һ߸п˵Ӱ죬һֻܺ͵ԵǸȡԭԼͣȻһ·𼱻ǾҶԤõĲȥ
Ҷһһʺ̸еĲϵʱͳԪѾˡ
ϤĸˣٵõϤָ壬ֱٸнҺܿĿϣ㲻ζܼȥһзġ
ĿģֻƬ䣬Ԫ˵Ͼ¶˾֪ľϲ˾һȥĵͷ
ܣû뵽ôݣĿ⣬ģƽʱյĿҲһģһ
ԪԽ˵ԽͲҪסˣǱҶڲһŲ΢ͽⱣ¾롣
ҶҲʱȻȻز˻⣬״ְóһϣǽܰѹأǳרҵҲĵҲܿĿϣȥҸӳϰˡ
δҵģʽͷźܹ֯Է֮ǰôСʱ£˳ְЩϲˡ
Ҷ򴽣װѺϷŵ˽ǰ״ƵЦЦһõĿݺʹߵǲģҵҲҰʱˣҵڱУι滮ҵ·δչǺҪġöоȻǽôĿҲ˳ֹһԼ
⿴ôһϣȻ¶˲Űľȣô̵ʱôࣿ
һ˵һ߷˷ϣԽϵľϲҲԽԣҶ飬˳ˮ׼Ҳ̫˰ɣ
۾ģҶ飬һԪҵδеģһʵҶ飡
Ҷʵ˻ѣȻҵܹ֮죬Ͼҵ鲢˽⣬רҵļܹǿŰҹУɰСʱ׼õġ
׼ƲϲûϢãʵҲûκνǮֺúԼ۱ȵ£ǰҶǴҲɵġ
Ȼһֳ̣ݵţȫȻĸܣҶ龹Ȼûоʱ˷ѣֵͦһԼŬõ׿ϵԺС
ѵ˴ˣ֪ͱʱpuaϴˣ
һߣԪĵȴ޷ڸǣл꽪ͿʼлҶ飬Ϊˣ˵ƣ˲仰Ҳˡ
ܣ˵ѧҵģоľͶԪ棬ʿľƽ⣬ⷢԼҲ᲻ôרҵ֪ʶŰ߽һ¡
ƽʱյĿ⣬Ȼźеãʵʶݵġ
Ϊܿŵ˶ĿзһҵԪ־Ʒ֪ǧٵĸж̲סԼͷʵնԪۣƽʱʵڵġ
ƽʱգҲǶԪһݡصģΪԪ޸޸ܵ漯϶ɵģһЩںͿܴڵеĿռ䡢ʱ䡢ʡԼǵɺƽĸʵ˵ͨ׵ǡǴڵʱ֮⣬ܴں֪ʱƵʱա
Ԫ˽ֺ˿ڼβƣǸпȻ涼̫ˣǵ˽ɽһǣ̫ۺδ֪̽ѧоҲֹġ
ЦЦ˽Ҷ飺ܿǲ֪ʱҲһģһᣬкȫһģһˣźȫְͬҵȫͬ
ʹɵģҲǣϸԭӡӡӡӣЩ޷ֱ۸ܴʹˣͬҲ棬棬ǲǣ
ȻǰҲԽӹԪˣ˴ûĹЩҲǵһ֪λ˾Ȼרҵư
Ԫĸ˵⣬Ҷȴ˵оƽʱȷʵڣʲô취ԴʱմԽһʱأҵ˼ǣҪʲôԴʱ֮ת
ͳԪ˻ؼҵ·ϣҶ鶼ʳʲôֻϧλΪõǷʽŵ̫˶Щ΢ûٻشҶ⡣
ȻҶԭЩϢĵԸΪԪһϯµȼˡ
ȻƽʱպͶԪڿѧϾʹڣֻǰѧˮƽ֪ƣ˽ޣôΣͽܴԽ϶дԽȥİ취ֻǻҪһ̽ˡ
ǲǣлᴩԽȥˣ
ҶҲ̲סҵ


40 
һ߶ԽƽʱĿķƽ, ҶһԪҪѧڼƽʱնԪо
Ϊ¶Խ˳ԪңҲǷ˺ܴһ龫ҶΪƽʱ, ǼӰ࣬ڱһۡ
Ҷԭ൱ѹؼҵ, Ȼû, ÿνĹ޲ʱ
Ҷ飬㶼ǰдҸտˣдҲ̫꾡ˣʽҲ
Ҷ飬Ҽ˹Ŀƽ̨Ȼ̸ˣΪԪ̸ôõ
, бչ齨Ҳģ벻֮ǰԶԪҵ̫, ھȻдôרҵĶ
Ҷ΢ЦŽ˽Ŀޡ
ЦҶʲôˣ, ѧϰѣʲôѵ
ԭҪ², Ѿ̶, Ԥ¸¾Ϳߡ
Ҷǽ, ǵȻǫģֻҹ߳ĹЧʶ, ûʲô
ķ£Ҷҵµ, ڲҵ滮Щ⣬ҶҲѼ, ˼ξղ, ʻһ, ԼõѡȻҽ̽ˡ
Ҷ൱⡣
ԼͽPKԼ䣿
**
Ҷ飬и칦ᣬǲμӡոʱ֪ͨģ˵ҪףһϢȫ嶼ҪμŶ
ݵҶ˼˻㶣漴ЩʧЦҪԼϲȻ˵ԪĿҪ˳ߣҲɲôͿ칦ᣬԼȻȷʵڣҲûҪġ
ȻһƬ⣬Լʢȴˡ
ҶЦЦã֪ϻ׼ʱμӡ
ȻԼǽ칦ǣװе̫ͨˣҶ룬Ǵݻȥһ׸Ϊ¡صķװⶼ칦ˣǿҲ˾Žʱ϶ӰʦԼΪǵ浣ӦΪ˾ġ
**
òǳԪһǵ๤ԼѾĿǰɹˮҪֲĳԡԼ͵ԵŬ£Ӫ˾ˮѾͻԭԤƵʮ
ǰΪԪ£͵ԵķֲòӺ󣬶ҵ⵹һ
ѧ칦磬ҲþûŽˣðֲĹԱҲһ𿪸ƺտɶԣֱĴ԰ǼƵУǱƬֻǵ˽˲ƺ泯
Ȼû⣬ⶼ㣬ʵӦҸ칦ǡ
ԵһǺ͹ȥһ忡ţĺƢӲַâ¶ȻϸĴ꣬ڽ飬֧֮Ĭһ׼
һļϣǾô칦ᡣ
칦ǰŷֵԸвͣ˲ƺֶӣ˰ֲģ˼ʱСΧװͲĿСݣһжźˣⳡ칦һ֮ľۻᣬû̫๤ɫʣɶѹ
ȻʽһôҶʮãĵİϰϰｨǺܿһƬ
ʹеĵվһһŹȥѧУȤ£һչδ̽൱졣
ⲻϲǿ˲°ۻְⳡƺ칦Ҳǿ˲μӣЩ˽µԱȥæ˽£ԻչʼⶼûаǩҲûʶҶ黹ûֱ
ֱ⿴Ҷ鴩ȫװװμӲǩԼʽһһسԼ
ԴʱΪӵ绰뿪ûˣôĿɿڴؿҶT̨һ㳯Լ
Ȼȷʵ첻٣BBQտտԴӰ죬ӳȻչ¶ȶȵμӻĴһ˶TҶ顭
ôôࣿ⾪ˣôʽҲûлᰡѵȥˣ
Ҷ鿴е㲻Ȼ򴽣Ҷʽ𣿡
ǵġʽ൱¡ء¡صýȻΪⲻ칦ҶĶʽһ
Ҷ鲢ûиشĻᣬɤӣ˰ɣʵҪʽһ㣬ϾЩϣҪעdress codeģ֮ഩʲôû˹עΪǣҪעġ
ʲôǵģ
ûףؿҶΪ̫΢΢գڰµϦ£е˲ҲҪ߳顣
㲻𣿡
ԭȰҶѵףȻû뵽Ҷ龹򶨵ҡҡͷȣһ㲻ȣҾá侲Ȼǳģҹ²󡣡
ͨ绰ǹֲ˵ģֲԺ󣬴ҪﲻΪҵͼ󣬵ԶԴҲ⣬˺ͽⱧǸش˸к󣬾ߵ΢Զ㰲ĵطͶԷͨȥˡ
Ⲣû̫ϸذ칦̣֮һ۾ף¶ѡ
Ҷ鴩װǳֵģҲûмԱͼվڽߣڵȴʲô
Ƭ̣Щ̲ס˿ȣ칦𣿱ʲôʱʼ
˵꣬;ԲҲǺܼȻ칦ᣬܻĺá
Ҳе⿴Թ˵绰ƺߣʱ䣬òʱˡ
һһСŽ֮⣬Ҳһףף̽ģʽϴһСɾ͡
ߵȺм䣬ӹ˻ͲӺһ𲢼սԱǣǶݺͰٸн
ҶվȺҲͣרעŽ⣬촽΢΢һЦĻȣڵȴһ仰
Լϵĳɹϰ岡Ҷ鶼ˣ
ĵõ˶٣΢΢̧ɤԽӦøлǡ
ҶЦЦڵȵʲôһ㣬ǰһ
ԣ
ڶݵͣٺ󣬿ԼѧʵǵнĳɾͣҪرлҵѧԣ󻮳ζûеȫֺ֧ΣҲлҵķ˿ִеĲٵװ޸죬ڼ๤Э
ΧԱԷƣҵЩ˼ҡҡͷ
ѻͲø˵ԣӭ̨תȺߵʱ򣬲ŷָղŻһ΢ЦؿԼҶ飬˿Ϸ·һ㺮
Ҷ飿û°ɣﲻ𣿡
е⣬ҶǲﲻҲԼ˵ʱʹȺͼˣȻͣ˲ҲȺվȺ֮⣬ŵԵķһĪؿڷԵĵԡ
׷һ飺ǲǴ̫̫ˣ
Ҷڻͷޱؿ˽һۣͦġ

ôȵ촩ô·䣿
㷢ˣ
ûС
䣿
Ҷ䡣

ָָվмºʹҴȤЦŵĵԣ칦
Щԣǰôˣ
ѧֲǸ
ûѧ൱Ժģ굱ܿϣûʧܣʵҵʱҲûʲô̫ţϾûӪҺѧȫ̺֧ңң˴Ϲнĳɹ
Ҷ¶мǽܣôˣĸ֧ĹˣôͲһˣǸʲôƽʱѵû֧𣿡
ǲһǶҵԱѧǣҲ˽ǵӪҡ
ҶҪ˻ԭˣԼǵְԱΪĿôƴƴļӰϹɷˣ
ֻ󣬴˴˵ҶŷԭԼϰʱȻ£ʵغôˡ
ǸƽʱյĿҼӰ࣬Ҳƽô죬ѾһݷҵֻˣרעĿϣҡ
Ҷ鲢ϲԼбҪ㱨һԼڳԪϻѵʱ䡣
Ȼ⻹û꣬ͳϿҵ֪ˣҲǴ˳֪ĸŬĿһĶĽ𡣡
Ϊϰ壬·ӣϾϿҶĸҲ˽ǮϵĽȻҶһҲûøˡ
ⲢûʶҶ仯ԱһƬĵԣѧȻ۵ﶼܻӭ׺Եôá
Ҷ뷴룬ȷʵû
Ͼ׺⣬߹ڡ
źͼŮԱĵԣȻ˽һۣ״Ŷͦ׺ģ㿴ССһӾϵ-ˡ
ҶЦЦ֪СźСûУƽʱͦأϴǲһеȥҪ΢˼ҶȷʵѧССŶģͦŮԵ
Ǳﵥ֪Ϊʲôùֵֹġ
ûڣҶֻȻ۵Ǵ˵еյůаɣȻݴõĺаȷʵ޲ůССůԺָСȥˣ崺紵أѧܾǵĶˮʦɣÿŮһˮƽйů˸ж

ӿٳٶۣҲڸܵҶԵԵĵˡ
ԼѧҶҲûУ
ǰѧԼշЩˣҶƾʲôɳӰأ
ѧӳԿͣĸʱնһȻҾǰ˵ʲôϲ࣬ҿɺöˣ˼ҲûöݳޣڼּңģҹĳЩˣԼϰʱ߸ϣŲܱֻԼ
ҶȻⷬˣԲ۾ͼ
ϧûᣬΪǱ߾ͽ˺ǼԱĻǼŮ˵˱Ǹ΢Цų˹ⲻٿҶ飬ҲЦųӭȥ
ǵԱ˼Ŀᣬû뵽ѧʱҰæСѧöѾܶһˡ
⻹ûڻظҶ鴫˴Ե˼·ѭȥ
ҶɫȻ޳صǸŶ˼Ǻˡ
û⣬ͷͺ͵ˣҲûһֱæѽʱ㲻ǰͦѧѧô򿨵Ҿһȥġ
üаô˴𣿡´˽⣬ҵʱϺ˰ɣôѧѧܼǵõҲֻʣˡ
ԵЩ繵ºͣҲ˵㺣⣬ʵҴӴѧʱ͡
⻹Щ㶵ģһԵҶ̿Լ״
յҪף
Ҷһ̷˼βƱҲ˲װˡ
ʱ̫룬ǡǴʱѰžƱ٣ϹĵЦݣǴҽƨ׽
ҶЦһ£ˡ
ΪӭϲƺۻգͲź͵ԾվԶҶվԶЩվںߣҪӽ⣬Ѱıؾ֮·
Ѱ沿һֺõ߹ҶʱҶȣһ

ڴѧһֱע⽪⣬û뵽ñط꣬ԭЩ˵㺾ȻƼȻ
ͬרҵͬİã˵Ļ⣬ȻΪºͣԸԭɹ¶ȻտҪ뵽ؼĲֳ֣ͻȻɧ
վڽⲻԶɤӺ⡢ôȵ촩ȫװµҲͻȻŵغ
ˮˣ첻ˣ˾Ⱦ
ˮˮλߺܽܿ˰ӺûʲôȫΣգֳһ±ģղŵȫƻˣѵҵת˲š
Ȼûоղ˵ʲôһԱ첽ߵ˺Ҫοߡ
ߣŷˮ˾ȻѰ
ѰüûŽ⣬ԭûƨû뵽͵ʴףڽǰȻô
ĸղ˭ȣ
Ѱʪյģ̲סҽֹܣղȡ
Ļû˵꣬иԴǵش
Σʪгʧʧ˲ӣֱǶԽܵĳײͲأҽϽʧڽǰ
ѰͷϵˮŭɵҶ㡭
Ҷͦ޹Щɶǰ׿ڽ̵ҵģֻǽǽ̻ˡ
Ѱڽ⣬ŭԣֶݺݵصҶۣϳܣֻܲ鲻Ըؼβȥˡ
Ȼƺ칦ᲢûΪСжϣպܿ»Ծܿ챻ǼԱΧס˾ƣû䵥Ļᡣ
Ҷ鴩ȫװòȷʵͦȵģȻһ̣űΧסĽ⣬ٿһ۲ԶЩκʧվڰΧȦ䵥ĵԣҶֻˬ
ǣʲô⡣
ڿǵǧǽܣǵֲСϰϵ𣿣


41 
ҶԼ̬ܺý, ϾԭĲҵȻĳ˽Ҷﻹǰ缺, ôΪڵϰ壬ҶԼӦö𣬱縨ҵߵС, ѹ˼ʹϵⲻƻһ, ࣬οһôܽһأ
Ȼص˱, Ҷװ˸ϴ˸, ˬˡ
ֻǵӱȡһƿİˮͷֽɳ, ϴЦֻʲô
ںѧ죿
ͷҲû̧ûУڴϷ
ǱİˮܿҶϵȺƣ, Լˬһ㣺ŶƽʱϷԵ, ϾĴ֮, ϷϷҲҪһܱ˷ʱ˵ǿ
ɲ𣿡һָɿزţһͷ, ʵϷҲ罻, Ҳܶ, һµĽֶˣ˾ӪǸʵϰ֪𣿱ôᣬ˼Ѿˣ
ҶʵϰǺܸȤڵ𣿡
˼ҾϷʶϹһӴɣû뵽ˣһ飬ܿͽˣڹÿҸˡ
ⲻ
Ҷü״ȻϷĶѣ㶼֪ǲСѧҪءϷ˽ϷҵȺͺˣİʵ첻һϰĶλ
ͷǵûҲôãǲɿġ
ͦӿɽ̣Ҷ¶΢Цֻûڣ
ҴϷԼѧӣֻʶ˴˵Ķԣƭ̫ˡ
Ҷ򴽣ʵҲϷȤ
̧ͷ㿴Ų񰡡
Ҷ򶨵ҸȷʵϷûȤΪ˷ĿչҵҵҾбҪѧϰһ£֮ǰҵӪҽô࣬ǲӦͶұһ¡
ҶôѧҲ˵еҺѧһٴ˫š
͵ԴҴҽͷϷ㿪ʼҶ齲Ϸ˵һѣס𣿡
Ҷɫе㲻Ȼ򶨵סˡ
Ӻ󣬵ŵϷ֪Ҷûסˡ
ѧĶܿ죬û뵽Ϸȴָ֮֮Ϣ
˼ͷ
Ҷ飡¸ʲô˶û㣡ɱ
Ҷ飬̣Ұ

ʮȷҶҲˡ
ѰҶ顭Ҳʲô֣ҲѧϷ֣Ҵ㣬ϷûϷˣϷصпܡһȥѧɣԼ
Ӿԭ
Ϸ׷ľǿ֣˭һ˼ء
ҶҪǿشһһҹڴͭʯ
ֻԭƻڶԺͽ˫ţƻϲϱ仯ڶ쾹ǵԵգȻȥμˡ
ջϻ֪ᷢʲô£⿴ôɵ˵ڸǮ
취
**
ѧԵգΪýƷѣʱһ֪ͨ⻹ǴԺúϾ֮ǰǸʱգܵշ
ֻǵʲôã
һȦҲû뵽õġ
ǵ֪Ϣ˹ͦĵģŶﰡҪҪҸ㽨飿
Ǿ̫ˣ͵ͬˣһ֪ʲôϲ
û뵽Լ⻰ȥҶ鵱ˣʲôͬˣüգҴ˽ʮһ£ôͬˣϺ𣿡
УϾϡ
Ҳ治֪ҶֺʤĶǴĶġ
ҶҲû⣬ܿ죬Ϳʼ
·֪֪磬ʲôʾ·ԺһŮˣ֪˶һɧ𣿡
ЬЬԲУЬһֱһȥǿҵİʾҲɧţ
ǮҲУǮôɧţ㶼˼ǮˣŮ˶˼Ұʲôİ

۽뵽ʲôҶ鶼ܷͷͷǵͷ֮ɧţǸҲɧţׯŮ˲˶
˺Ů֮İȫѾôϿˣ⾪ˣ͵㶫ǲʾˣļٵģ
ܾùֵֹġ
ȻҶıǳԴǵࣺȻģ㲻еģԶ޷ĴѹͬܣһҪŮǮЬ·֮ĶȥڿҪģֻѵĻôɲ̲𣿡
ȥѧյģƻ˼ɣһﻹǵŮأ˼ңʾѧô죿պûǲպã
ʱѾˣҴԽԺҲıҪĲףкܶŮ˸֪ǱŮ˸˵Ѵ
룬ҪǶϹ⣬ŵΪܺ˵𣿶һȺڽôһϽֿ㡭
ʱյˣղǡϾһˣԺˣŮҪȥϴɾˣȺֻ˵ã˭ƭŮ˵Ǯأ

˵ˣҪ߿ˡⲻǲ֪ʱ˵λͣܶºУϲܺһף˱СĲָָܹܱˣû뵽Ȼ͸ﶼôϸˡ
Ͳɡȫһȫһ
ҪֱӸһֽ
һ⵽ҶǿҷԣôУⲻԢýǮ˼ôģ
һʲô
͸й￨ƽ̨ȯˮЩˡ
Щǿԡ
᲻̫˰ͨ͸ʲôĻУǲе̫
Ҷ˽һۣ⣬ҷ˼Σհѵֻͨѣô˽ܣɧˣ
ԶԣǼȨˣʼҴȭˣ
Ҷ򴽣˷ϣûУֻһĬĬŵƽȨжʿҲǴȭġֻǾãŮ֮仹Ǹн޸кãοʵʹȯʵڵģ룬㲻ںɧţҪ·Ьӻ߱ģ֪ѧĿζ֪ϲʲôʽʺ϶𣿡
㿴㶼֪һ˼Ҳϲ·ֶѧת͡ȯ𿨾Ͳһˣʲôʲôԣƽʱάϵ˼ʽҪʲôģҲֱתЩ֮˷ѡ
֪Ҫ˼ҵʵѣȱ·Ь𣿲ȱҪֻд𿨳ֵ͸ϾЩŮϵͦõģ͸˼һάϵ¸ǰɣ
Ȼ⻹ǾҶⷬŹֵֹģҲеµ˴ȯҶԼеǾ˲ε
ǵյѡõĴȯȥָĲ
ٳʱҶͻȻסĶԷ
㣬ôˣ
Ҷ¶˾ϲɫôɣ
㶣Ҳз֣
ھǸ򹤵ģĳԵ㣬Ҳʲôֻ֣ǹˡҶһԿ͵ƵᣬһĿȻҽͳֵKPIҵˣǱϾҶԼиߵҪ󣬾ûã¶ԽһϷҵĿ˼ֻǸʱ䣬ԼڸԷ
ԭˣֱȻ򣺡֮ǰôϷʵǡ
ǵȻҵʱ˵ˣЩϷҵˣʱϲϷѣҪϷúã˼˵ͰѺˣЩϷҿģұúöϷģ㻹ˮƽ˫ţԼԱȥʲôˣһϷǮ׬𣿡
ôһ˵Լ谭Ҷ򹤽ĵ·
Ҷʣֱڲ
ҶÿһǮһǹ׸ǵİҶϷϷңǵͷԼǮ
ôУ
⵱˱̬ԺҴϷһ𣡡
Ҷ¶ˡ⻹ࡱı飬Ȼ˽һۣȻȥ㣬ҺͿͻԼļصҲڸ˾ȥĻҲ˳·
Ҵһ𡣡
ҶȥԼĿ򹤵ģ˳·ȥˣû⣡
ǵ˳·ҶһΡ
·ϣҶһ·ԵԵջ˺桪
ôůУһŮϲ֪϶٣ջ϶ԼŮɡ
ǵСϰҸЩ˾ͿôĲջᣬЩ򹤵ͨȴֻȥӿͻĿž·жǡ˱ˣˡ

ȻҶô볡󣬽ŷ֣ԵջʵŮԲ࣬ûֲԱļЩ͵Ůԡ
ҵ裬λ裬Ǳý㡭
ŵԵĽܣʶջŮԲûҶʲôĽ󣬼ǵԵŮݣԼΨһǸŮѣԵЩˡ
µǸĽⲻ˼ˡ
ΪʵҲֻѣûҶۻҵĽĿո군󣬴ҺͺһżҳΪѧμӵĽ⣬ȻҲõЩǵĹע
СѧðСһֱиѧúģܸ˾ɣӢ۳ţŮĿģ
ȻŮҪҵСŮȫҵһץģǳĿ֡ѽ㿴СľԴһˣһֺţǡ
СﰡһҪƢõģһŮҵңһҪ˲ȹ̺󷽣ʵСƢرãҲر˼ҡ

ΪԼΪΨһˣⲻ˱Եĸλǵ٩
ڵԹΧ裬㶼ں˵ʲôأ
һϽѵһߣôˣһˡ
ȴЦЦ˽⣬᣺⣬㲻ˡ
ʵҲȷʵҵ˽ģϴû˵ĻһǾ̹ףӴѧʱҶһֱкøУһֱŵǺҪģ֮λͥ⣬һֱûҰݸŴֱ֮ǰҵңֲꡣ
һµĹԽ㡢ĺͣûܿסԼϷˣ֪еͻһ㣬Һϲ㣬ϣҵŮѡ
ԵᣬҲʿƣȻѡֻϣԼȡһᡣҪǵĻҲõظҡ
⣿
ԾȻϲԼ
ԭʱΪԵһֱܺãֻȻԽչмӣҲûжжıʾ
ԵԵĸף˵һ׼ҲûУֻþ֮æҵĽź޴롣
ȻƽرʾõظȻ⻹ǶԼһİеиУھʱֻ
˼ѧǹ˾ļ£ȽӸ绰
Ǹİû׼ǹӪ绰⻹ʶѣѡԴΪӱܵµգĶӰֻܳ˵ԵհᣬԶһЩ˵ȡ
绰ֻͨͷȻҶ
˵ͦ⣬Ҷ飬ܳ𣿡
ҶеκͲ˼ӣҲϷĿڸͿͻԷҲ֪ϷڶҲϸ˼ҰͶʵĻǣȻҪ򵥵ģҲ֪ôģǮ͵ˣֻֻ֧Ҳ֪ôˡ
ҺͿͻĵʵһͶԷ˾Ϸ˼ͦĵģҸокܴʿڵͻܲÿͻ򵥹һɣҺͷߴкѿͻˣ̨ȡ
벻ҶȻͦŬ򹤣
൱жĶ˵ͿͻԼĵط⸽Ϲˡ
Ҷ˵˸ַ˵绰̾ͺ͵Դ˸кѧǹ˾̸ͬĿ㼱£ҪϽϹȥ¡
ڽĻԵȻЩʧԾɶԽյõģһ˳


42 
Ҷĵַ뽪ȷʵԶ, һ·϶ԵԵκܿڼҶʧˡ
ǰһͰ͵Σһ, ۾¶˵СĹâҲͦίˡ
ֿ˽һۣٲϰ嶼ҪΪƭˣղǸϰﻹϷҡ
ôҰһ뵽ҶΪ˹ˣĶЩˡ
ɿ쵽̨ϰҪ˵͸ˡ
ôͻԷŻôǮ
Ҷ򴽣ƽǰ׶λ˲ǮҵһЩרҵ鼮μһЩϵĽ࣬Թʻе졭
ΪжͻԷչҵǿ߹˾̵ѽģ㷢OẠһһʱ㱨
Ҷ˿ȣܴȻģȻҲϣϵ߽ݾ, ͺãڽǮ, Ҳڷְ˵ѴҲ˽⵱ϰϣõģҲΪ, ܽʡԤ㿪֧;һǵıؿ̻⡣
ԭˣ
벻ݵҶ飬Ȼгһת˼伲ģ
ⲻһӼǳԸ, ҶۼŸ涼ʹǰ֮, Ҳ൱пġ
ҶνǷǳϵ, ոǮ͵ȻȥȻ㣬Ȼ̡߱
Ҷ鶼ˣڿʱܿǵˣȻҪģ⵱˱̬ٷǵģҲ鷳һ߱ˡ
ҲûǮеǮ
ʹ󷽶ԸУ룬⻰ϲҡ
ֻû뵽ͷʽѵҶ龹Ȼܾˣǹ£˽ϰ壬Щʽ߹˾Ŀ߱
Ҷ˵˶٣ͦȻƿߣǿԶͦȷʵǸͦõԱʾҲǲܾģֻ˽ҾͺãϾ黹Ҫ˽
ƻĿ⣬¿˽һۣʵղΪ˴տͻϲãĶǿͻϲĲˣſԤ㣬ԼҲûôԱ
ǰҶԼܱˣǰΪԼģǶΧԼתģ񡭡
ЦſҶ飺Ҷ飬ûз仯ô󣡡
Ҷ㶣ʲô
û뵽ˣںܶҲȨ෽˵ȥ˿ˣҲվڱȥˡ
ֿۣ㷢ûУѾܾûָʹҽˣ⿴ֱʱóҹղײգȻ㶼ûԱھԣСϺ𣿡
ԡ
߰ɣ⸽ûкóԵСϺ֪꣬һϳζرޣϺƷҲãߣҴȥ
Ҷڽһ·ȥ˵ͣȻĳƺԽղŵĻЩ⣬˾ɵ˳ͼʻλ֮ĸ壬Ȼ˿ȣѹǰ̬Ⱥָʹ𣿡
㶣漴˵ͷͦģʽֹǶԱ˶С˵İԵܲ
Ҷ򴽣˵ԵܲǲЩʱͦģҲûôɣ
ⲻŵصҶһۣʲôֻҪһ˳Լϰ壬ǲж˧жᣬѾѪ׼ˣοʱѹեңѵ˹¸Ħ֢Ⱥ𣿻Ե֮ܲǰ춾ʱѵúܿ𣿡
ҶһȻǰô
ҪȣģѧıȣǾͲ̫ܿˡ
һ𵥻ԣҶɫȻ̫ÿˣǱȥģ޲ĸŮ֮Ѿͽ᣿ʲôõġ
ᵥԻãһᣬ˸ղıһҲеͷʹһֱѵԵѧûǷ񵥻ͻȻˣ⾪֮࣬Ҳʼδ
ԵȻмҲкøеģݺøȻûĽǸĿͷվϸˮĸҲδɡ
ȥĽΪծӹæû̸£񡭡
ǲԼԺ͵ԣȻʱûĶĸоһأԶԼôãǲӦøһλ᣿
Ŷѧô
ǡǴʱҶĻ˽˼
ͦȻģһ˺ܶŮѰɣôԱ˶º͵ˣҲ֪յŮ˵ء
ǵûУѧȻᣬ飬οɶǼˣʵʵڵ˵ʵҲҡ
ֻ˳άµԣû뵽Ҷ鵹ˣǣǽܣȻǶһݵˣҲ֪ᣬ˵ĺùҸŮˣѧͦᣬʵҲͦʵ
뷴ҶͿȻһڵҾ㣬ǰǸʱյʱѧμӹջ𣿡
㶣ǵûС
ӦҶһӾ¶Ȼı飺Ҿ֪
⣬ѧֶºͿرõˣҼˣʵˣŷŵһףǰ㲻ǸֲҲ˺üɣҪǲǽܻСкøУΪʲôǸʱô꣬ûһ㣿
ԸǸʱջʱգûݹϵҲû䣬ѧѧãĽͻ俴ҲһµģֻļҾǸʱտûôضʾá
ҶЩмҿöˣƵģֶһȺʳ󿴿ȻˣֻҪиõѡ񣬶ʵ
⻰ЩˣôôأѧǸˡ
ǲǺˣ㴩ԽȥԾ֪ˣԭ㣬᲻׷ᡣ
ҲŲȥһἰ⣬ⷴӦͼҾԲȥ
˵ѾӦµʱպҶȻȥģҲͳԪҵĸ˾ƽʱոڽͼҳδԽʱյĿѧݣֻû뵽ķӦôǿҡ
ȻҶģϾûƸ͵λ
뿪ڰο⼸䣬ŵȥҲܸһǮ͵ؿ˿ڡ
ҲҪһûаְˡ
Ҷ㶣衭
ͷһʱգûˡȻҶ飬Ұ趼úõģû˺ܽǮһ
ҶĬƬ̣Ȼſڵ㲻Ըصԭʱգ
˵ͷԭʱն˵ûʲôģһϰ౻ѹեȻҪĲǮǮ⡣ҵļ˻ڡҲΪʲôȥҪа취ȥһ˻ȥͺˣҪʲôҪϰæģӰ£Ҳ԰㡭
ѧһǺˣΪǰһʱգҲһֱչЯңҰµʱҪǿѧṩְֲҿѧҵҲֻжˡ
˶٣ҵıһضԴ洦
ͷνһѣû뵽ҶԴԽȥǱ˼򶨣Լһԣ˵ʱ̧ˣ
ǰ
͸ղջϵ£
ⲻԵص˵ͷ
Ҷ촽Ҳͬ⡣
ʲôϵ
ڽ뿪ڣҶɤԼģǺôҲҵĲҵԼֱȽϵҸ˾̸㻹ҸϤ˽˰ѹذѹأñƭˡ
˵ܿ侲οȻ˵ҪضԴ˵ĿǰҲûǷ뷨ϲ˱ףӿٴӦˣ
Ҫ֪Ŀǰ͵ԻйְرҪעǣһûˣδҲвȥˣҿڶҲûж˼Ȼôɣ
룬Ǿôһ
Ҷѭѭյοѧã͸ãֺ˼һĳԾͲ˼ҡ̫ˣ֪һʮͱˣھȷܺѧ飬ȻûԼģóȻӦ㲻˷˼ұഺ𣿡
͵Խ顭
ôһ룬ˡ
ûôԶ¡
ɵؿҶ飬̽ʵĶʮԺͲҶˣ
Ҷһص˵ͷʵʮԺͲ̫ˣʮԺ˾·ˣǲлˣΪѧãͲҪ˷ʱ䡣
룬һܸҪҸôһ˾Ҫܣ϶Ӱֻܷ࣬Լҵڼ㵱ѧȻܴҵ˵ǸԣʱΪ̷ңǻɢģʱڼﵱȫְɷ򣿡
˳˼
Ҷһؿ⣬ٽмѧӦ÷ɣһعĴŮˡϾ̵Ĳ˻ŮˣǽѶ̳ջ࣬кܶ໵˵㣬ÿȥμӾƻᣬװСİѾƴϣͶͱ˻룬Ϊѵĵԣÿ춼ҪסЩBGMǡˮζұӷȻϴ棬ûûʧ𣿡
ʣȷʵʡ
˵Ҳͬ⣬ΪҲеģˣҿڶԵôɣԾͲҲһ;⣬ΪһɹŮˣŮԵƵλ
ҶǣҲҪһ͵̸˽Ȼˣǻ棬ҪָӦмƻˣǰֳ飬֪ҵǶ˺𣿡
ǿԻǰЭ顭
Ҷ΢΢̧üëһɸֵ㶼ѧˣһıҪ𣿡
⵹Ҳǡ
ûʶԼȫҶĹ߼ƫˡ
Ҷĺǳȫ棬ʮȷҶЩĿ࿴ˡ嶾󣬾ȻվȫԵֵܰԵԵͬˣ涼ô࣬ԵȨҲô̵˼
Ҷıˣ
ʱ˾õ˽Ķλַ˳Ҷ鶢ǰСɵĿн͵·ֻߡҾС
˵꣬ͻȻʲôֻû𣿡
Ҷ㶣漴ƿߣûˣôˣҲǽ跹𣿡
ôǵõҵֻţڻ˲ֻܼסֻģ
ҶһӱʿˣƬ̺˾侲ػشȻ˸һаһУȻȻҪʱǵֻԷһ
⻹е㲻ţҵֻǶ٣
Ҷŵ棬û˵ֻӿŲû˵ʲôˣϺ껹һξ룬˹ҶŵСϺζˣߣȥԣ
ˡ
룬Ҳپֻ£첽ߵҶǰ棬Ȼһ·СϺꡣ
СϺղŻƴҶ¶˸ӵɫ
û˸ȥǣҪԼ
ʵģҪϲƵġ
൱СϺе鷳СϺԼǲŴа˼ҰСϺһпˮǱ˸ȥǵģûӰ𣿡
Ҷ򴽣ȻΪСΧһס
СϺֻУҶͲһˣ˹ֲַϺǣƶţڰϺڴʲôҪļһ
Ƭ̺󣬽ͿҶһֻϺ
Ϻպպ֭ݵ˽ǰȥǵģҲһпˮ
򴽣ȻҪ;ԵȻ
ЩȻƿߣȻ˿ȣ԰ɡ
ⶢŴյߵֻϺҶ־;ԼߣԼ΢ſڣͿһڳԵ
֪Ϊʲôеźͺ
˸Ů˳ԷʱϺǷǳĲΧûڸͬеŮ԰ϺιϺԣⶢҶ֣
ôͻȻˣ
סס򶨣⣡
ֶˣ㻹԰
Ҷ鲻ȻıԹ˽ǣҶֳԵСϺȻ󡭡
ȻҶ治ɫԽ̬ŵظһ衣
㲻ǶΪʲôҳԣ
ˮھˣȻͣȻȳԱҶɤӣϰ壬Ǹ·ӵְȻϰȳԡ
⻰е˵ʱ򣬳ȥǹ˾۲ͣÿһˣĴβȶģ
ְ·Ϊϼȱ˸߹ˡ
⿴ԼǰһʳѾõСϺЩꡪû뵽ϰ岡Ҷ飬ҲְpuaʼԼϰƨˣ
⿴ҶϺģЩ̣Ҷ飬ȻǲѺãɲֺң㲻
ԼػҶ飬Ҷ鵹һû飬˽һۣҾҪ۽⣬𣿡
̬ȻͦԵܲõģϺĴ̬ȴ졭
û뵽Ҷ񾹱һסŰԵܲõı΢ˣ
ҶͰһСϺˣԾԾеڶ裬ڽۼֿס
ˣ㶼ûʲôҲԣСϺҪȡ
㹻𣿡
˹ˣ
Ҷ֣ͣãҲˣҪԣٸ
ȻǰʹҶϰ岡͸߸ϣҶͻȻҲеҶ飬ʲô̼𣿡
ҶȻˣΪʲôô˵ֵĲ𣿻ãҲѾ˻ϵ֣ϾͿԹ˴ˣҲѾ˿ˣȫﵽҪ󡭡
ڣ
Ҷ鹤̬ȶӰܽһؼңŽҵҵ֪ʶԭѧϰ˼ҲһͻͽڸԼСϺ
ҡ
ҪõеEMBAҵ֤ˡҶ״֪ѧõû
ҶŵòӳһСϺʵڷ֣еEMBAıҵ֤ȷʵܸߣΪȫλһ˵ۺʣϾҲˣֻǾǵе£ô˵أͨԵˣٮٮ߰ɡ
ܸԼôһСϺеEMBA޵Ľ
֤麬ȷʵ߰Ҷ̻ߣܸϴԳ



43 
ҹ, Ҷ鶼ǳµˣֹǰϺ, ճԵľе, ܵı־ͺܿݵǰϽͣҶ޳ָǡôܰʪֽ
Ҷı, , ͦ᣿
䵱ֶֻŪСϺֻ֭ܵĵ绰ʱҶ鼸ǷǳȻذӿڴóֻ, ȻŽ˹ŵĽ
ڽ֮ǰҶҲʮֶñӵĵ, ѯ˽ԼǷҪʱ뿪õ˽񶨵Ĵ𰸺żš
ܵ绰ҪΪ˻㱨һӡˢƷܱߵĲҵ
֮ڻԽϸ, öֽپ޶Ͷ˹ʽи죬Щɱƽ̯ǲɹͷ, ֽҵȫǼ, ҵǾԲӯ, ƽ, ŶѾŬĶҲǴ
һͨĿ࣬ǽԿչ, ǿʼԤ㲻, һ, Ϻּۻ˰, Ե˵Ԥ㣬Ϻع˵绰
ֻǴˣɾ֣﷢Ĳҵʮֳء
Ҳ̫ˡ
ǰ漸ߵӯѾüˣżƽмǿġ
Ĳ߿Żʲô˼Ȼÿߵĵܴ󣬵ǹг飬ҿ£ÿɽһͻǮôȫֵãΨһǿѲƷԶ⡣
üģֱӰѹڲ߹ͣͺˣڲǿ𣬲ֻ߾ͺã߾Ǵӯûйڲ߿ۣƱҲÿˣ
룬ΪԼѵ뷨ޣҪ绰ܸ֪һ
ûֻҶֹġ
һ߰ʪֽݸ⣬һ߽͵ѹڲ߹ͣˣô߾ͻɾ޿
Ϊʲô
ģáΪʲôҪڲߵҲΪԭΪֽƷӡˢܱߣҪɹֽЩԭϵģֻЩԭϵĲɹ۸ΪɹӦͣɱ½
ֱӰȻĹڲȡƾߵǵĹӦһֽŵȲɹ۸ǣʱɱҲûκӯˣֱ
ԭˣ
Ҷ鲻˵ŵȫ
̾Ҷ飬ôʲô֪
ҶƿߣԵЩȻаɡ
룬װֲҲͱѧ΢ථɣϾǰǽܾӢģͨȷʵеġ
Ҷ齲ɤӣʵҵǺġҵҲûôýӰ࣬ܶҪƽ⣬֪ڵĹѹʵҲͦġ
⻰˵˽Ŀϣɲ𣿵ϰŷѹû취ֻҪģȨԽӦҪеҲԽء
ЩǰɶǺͽһ𲢼սսѣ˵ǶԴ˺֪ȴǵ൱˽⣺
ϲ׷ǣеտأԼʡԼãԳ鿨Ϸ봽ȴ൱󷽣бǡƽʱͦ𣬵ݳʱ򣬲۹ʲô⣬ûúøˡ
ʥиŮѣΣÿһҪȥάϵ顣
︸׸λ̱ĸҲ΢մףΪչ˼ͥûа취ܳĹš

ÿԱÿԱѴÿΰŹʱҶõӺأΪ˼ˣ뾡ǵմø׺ԱǼһ
⽲Ҳ̲ס¶Ǻƽ⡭
ʵûҪҶ鿴˽⣬ϰ壬ΪҵߣʵӦԱԶһ㣬Ҫִǵ׺ĹȷʵܺãҪԦ׺ȴʧϣǺѵһ£Ҳ鷳һղû򣬺ױԱͷϣҲܲסˡ
㱾ᣬֳáҶ£ش˻⣬֮˵ǾҪ׺·ԱһƬͦã´ָʱ򣬾Ͳ̫ˣԱңҲںԱ˽ѣŹʱҲ
ѹҶ鵱ϰʱ򿴵ԼͣΪܷΪ١
ǰ⣬ֻҶǿʶȻصϰ壬Ҳ˼·߼
ֻ
֪׺źѣһԡվϰĽǶȣȻǲȥ˽ԱֻԴԱʡ£ҲЧұϾǰԱַ˵Ǻܷ㣬ΪԱֻúѹ֣Ҳܲϰء
⿴ҶһۣȷʵͷҵнˮƽҲǸߵģԼԱܵܲ˾Ҳ밾ŲְЩкܳļӰĻֻҪϰ岻ߣһҲߡ
ԴˣһҲͬɹˣΪʲôҪڹ˾㿿Ӱ˵ľͿˣôҪҵӰ಻ֵƳڷܱ־ЧʵºѹեԱĴʾ
ҲϣҵԱΪǮҵĻͶӵ˾΢໨㾫ѵ¾ͿԸƺܶ£Ϊʲôأ
۾ֺרעضҶ飺ΪʲôҪԱʹӶأ˵ı˽ܽΪ˺ȫ𣿡
Ҷ㶡
Ȼ任ʱյתݣҶҲȷʵվְ˵˽⵽ְ˵٣ѧÿҲǿһ¶Ӧ󣬲û谭˵ǰڶô򣬵ϸ룬ҲûгԺ͹ѡ
һŷԭѸı䣬Ҷ鲻ҶܣǱܵؼǿʳ棬һȥеԱȥùذеҲôף
Լǽ⡭
Ҷ鶢ŽŹ۾Ͱ״ɰþͺ״ˡ
ϰ壬һԽһ㡣
һ룬ҶͻȻЩȻͽûٸֱӽ۾ƿߣԲǰͦġ
ҲûϵҶĵǸһЩסˣȻͷŪǰСϺǣͦġ
ǻȥﻹ˵ίͷһԽԽģͦģ̫ˣ
ûرңǸԸ൱º͵ˣż˾Ըģûʲôصģʱ󲿷ʱҲؼܵʱҲûǿҲԾƽ͵ģ˵ŴŴβû̫ǿҵĿߣȻҶĵĺȴһ˲ﵽ˶塣
еʱߴ
ҲﲻƽʱգҲгԽʱĵάȣܹԽعȥ滻ǸԽġڳԵԼ
㱨Ұɡ
ҶĻ˽ĵӣҲѾ𣡡
һڱ֣ͦģǰ£ҲǻԭҲһôû򹻰
Ҷεʱ̣ȷʵѧԼ˹ȥ£Ҷ㲻ϱСҼƵĸѥɦ
ΪǳҪˣݵλϮȫ԰еĶ񷢻ӵ£еְȨùȥĳ
Сƣӵı
οҶٵķ⼸ܿͺˡ
Ҳɡ
Ҷ˼ĻýһЦǮлèĸҲڣ㣬Ķһˣ㻹ʲôԲҵѽӦʲôԲģ
⽲ַֻ¼ҰʹӺλˣҸԼˮSPAǼҵ˵ܲǲǼӰȽ϶࣬ҪҪҲԤԼһ£
ˣϴνҺüŵӰǵĳֵԼͬһȥ֮ͬĸ飬Ҳųжȹ֮£ϰ̫ƴˣҲҪעݽϵѽ

߶߶˵ŷǳճĻ⣬ҶȴһξҲеǳº͡
Ҷܵʱ򣬼û̫˽ʱ䣬г̷·۵ĲƷгһԼҹλϣŮŴʻᱻǰԼ϶ΪûӪĻ
ȫȫ˷ʱ䡣
Ҷ鲢е̫㣬еһɢʺ;Υ̻
ʱԼʧȥ˺ܶ࣬ԱʶҲı䣬ֻҶ鷢ֻˮܵĵӳʱķȥڣ·ûôе뷨ˡ
һ趨ƺҲȫܹ
ϾԼ⣬ﻹн⡣
ֻĺܶתۣһģѵҶͻȻԴԽԭʱЩȻˣתͻȻˡ
Ҷʱӵ˳ԪҸ˵ĵ绰
Ҷ飬ϴκоЩƽʱݣϸ˷ͷԭĵʦҵЩ鼮ҺҵԽʱյĴˣֻǸۣƽ滹Ͷάʱкܴϵ
񡮺¥ɹѧһΪ⣬ȫͬλõĳύͬһƽʱմԽĸҲơ
¥ʵͿѧȥͣ΢۵ͬʹں硣Ϊвȷԣͬʱղ̮̣ǶصģռҲǶصģʱǶάȵģ¥Ҳ˵Ϊǵʱպƽʱգضʱ䡢ض¶ȡضĵ£ײµĿռλ˲ʱֳĸӰ󡣡
ԪԽԽ˷ܣҲ˵ֻҪض£ʵƽʱ֮ĴԽҲȫĿеġ㲻һֱԴԽʱȤ𣿿յʱңҿ԰ҵЩо㣡
Ҷͽ˸к˵绰绰Ƕ˳ԪҸ൱ʵҷиʽģȫԼÿζʱպʱάȻཻʱص䣬ҰʽƵˣҪҪ¿
ԪҸ˼ȵؽ˲֧źͿѧݡ֮ǺϢƵʽĿУôҶ鲢ûлصԭʱա
绰ǶˣԪҸ˻ҶΪͬþһоƵĹʽ
ⱾǸĵϢ
ȻҶ˵绰ŷԼûеô
ݳԪ˵˵ǣƽʱǻڶͶάʱһÿʱսҪҲʲôˣⲿ
ôҶһҪԽȥʵֻҪչʽƵӦʱսĵص㡢ʱˣҪ⣬ҶڲǼϰ࣬ǲǸŽסıҪҪͽùϵʵȫҪ
㽪ⲻԸȥҶҲԼһ˴Խȥ
Ҷ˵绰ߡ
ĽȻҶͨ绰ݣطֻ鿴ʲôһ߿һ¶Ц⡣
ҶͻȻǳԪ˽Ļ˼Խȥشˡ
ʱ˿ֻ̣һܡ
ȻЦͦÿҶе㲻ˡ
ûԼЩľͿ˿ڣڿʲôЦôġ
ڽܴ󷽵ذֻĻƵǰҰ裬ЦˣںΪȹ˭ĸÿڳء
ƺڷԼĸȦÿһϸϸؿᣬŷĵЦ
ҶԼûǰʹ⣬ܴԽȥԸȥ
ȻǲԸġ
Ҷ鿴ŽⶢŸĸƬºͿֵ֪Ĵ𰸾Ƿ񶨵ġ
ȻﵱĽܣҶԴԽȥԼҶܣûʲôãƽʱԼصȥһ⡱Լ򹤣֮ÿԾܸ˾ְ
ǣҶ黹ǾãԼԽȥӦѾһˡ
ΪǸ⣬ǰһ
Լߣǰһⵥ
Ҷ룬õĵº޷¡ҵŸѧ˸ƤëסЩϺꣻǴµĸĸҲûɣҪǿִ˲УһҲûģԼһߣͻ⣬һʲôռǵĲҵأ˵ԣнǸһҲ񡭡
Լʱ½ߣ
Ҷ뵽ֿ˼۽⣬߸˵ģûκ
ȻԵλеҶӦҲûôãԱ׼ԼʱȥҲûôܡ
ֻϳԪַϢҶʲôʱȥԴǺܼ
ҰչʽƵˣҵĹʽûôһεʱսžͻᷢ죡ûȤʶһ£
Ҷ룬ɾϢ
ڣԼһ˻عȥʱ
ȻϣҶ鷢֣Խ⣬ôһ㲻һ뷨


44 
Ҷ鵥Ϊ˾޴, ƻҸʱ䰵ʾԼĸǱĬýܵԼ⣬Ȼû뵽ƻϲϱ仯, Ҷ黹û֣Ǳߵͱ˽ˡ
Ͻûг, Ҷ鱾ƻԼԸ, û뵽Խȵˡ
˼Ҷ飬ѧѾԼҡ
ͦǸ, Ҷ֪Լûʸˮ̲ס㲻ǶûǷ뷨ôԷ, , ڵᣬһ˺Ǻܴġ
Ѿȷܾѽգգ, ѧƽģңҲûô, һҾܾҲûû뵽ͼѣʵķʽӴֲŽһȥμӣҲǵԷ, ûи¡
, Ҫĵ, Ϊˡ
ŽϴǲֲһβƺСŽôŽˣ
԰ʲôҶ黹֪ܲ𣿿ɲǴˮǱĬǱ뽪ķ𣿻, Ǵվ·ӣ

Ҷ״ȻŽȥĶ
ͽǸ¶Ӫ, Ǿֲ˺ü¶Ӫ, ϴտȻǣ˵ƬǿƯ
˵ģҶ⡣
ȻҶһͨμŽҶԼȥ
һӦΪϰķ浣ǣο⣬˱ӹ֬׷ۣԼ
һôôƭǿ¶Ӫҹ˸ͷһٵԼֲԱһֳףһʲô˵ǣﻢֱ֮£˭֪һܾܲ
Ҷ鶨λ˵ԵŽص㣬Լ͵͵һȥ
Ϊƻ¶ӪֻΪҶãԼбҪȷϰ尲ȫģְܾ
**
ν൱˳죬Ӧ˵ϰ壬ǵĻҺѹҶһ·£ڽ˹Ľ࣬Ҳԣ˽ɢɢʱˡ
Լˣ¶Ӫأǽԭͺĵص㣬ֵļйƯǿ⣬ҹ仹зө棬Ϊǳ¶ӪأȥЩȻ⣬ˮƯץ㡢ͰսȵȻ
ԻһᣬҲûΪľܾ̬κβͬǸѧ
ֲԱˣߴߴ죬űơƳտɱ൱
ЩˣһߵȵϢûһԾҲ˹
Ļȷʵܲ¶ӪĲ󷽾һļĺŰͺˮʮڣֻߵĲݴܾʲô졣
ҹҰ𣿡
ڽߵĵ㶣ȻҡͷЦģûɽдޣһЩǳСĶƬ¶ӪҲרӪƽʱ֮ҲһЩϣ¶ӪǰȫġҪһһ¶Ӫ񣬿ԱŮһƴһ¡
⻷ܣ¶ӪȷʵĲԼղֻС֮
ⲻٶˣԿʼŴѧȤ£ͦ񡭡
**
͵ĵĽѾӱ߲ݴҶЩҧгˡ
𣿣ôôʲôأЦôģ
սթк꾫ܾˣӣ̲裬ȫе£
һʼĵȽϴҶڲԶһ
ҶҪѽߣ˵Եĵ
ֻһ̣ҶŷԼȻ˲ݴ
ҶȷʵǲĽģ¶ӪرǿŵĿռ䣬˵ֲԱ⣬ҲбɢͣҶ鱾ؽȻҲ֪ǲԼйԭúڽⲻԶ󣬽һ񿴹ҶΪ˶ܾӱȥ
ԼʶѾڲݴԱˡ
ֻ񣬵ҶҪȵĲݴԱ߿ŷԼסˡ
ղֻſҶ飬ûע⵽£˿ҶŷԼĽű˲ݴԱߵʯͷʯ
ôˣҪע⿴ãҪ濴ݴԸûڸסȳôˣҶһһ̧ͷ⳯߿
ֻǴԽǽžԽԼĿ꣬ҶȽ߷ߣһͣǡˣˮ߲ݴԵʯͷմȾ˺ˮһ򻬣ôʧȥƽ⣬һԽ˺
**
ͨʱ򣬽ԭ͵Խֲδչ·ߣԶ˺ܴ˽ŵĺ
ˮ
Լûǰü꣬ˮǳˣҪˮ˲ӾͦΣء
⵽ҲЩˮߣȺһӱȥ
Ƭ¶Ӫ˲٣ϧȻûһӾģмŮ׼ˣˮƺҲˮԵӣɺˮ̫ˣֻüˮ߱ٵسΡ
ӾȾԮԱ϶ȥˣߵһסˣ̫Σˡ
Եᣬд˵ǣ⣬ҪѧᱣԼӺˮּԮϻ
ˮҲûжãһ˵ҲƬ̵ĳɣаְҪչˣնԼԸĸԭ򣬶գֻǡ
ֻǽڿҪת뿪ʱֿۺ棬ȻЩסˡ
ˮͨһɲǣˮߵ·
ǲҶ촩ŵ
ѵҶ飿
һ˲䣬ûٶ룬ԼʶʱѾѿԵȻ󲻹һ˺
Ȼһ˲䣬ͷˮԼĻļˮߴʲӦҶ飬·ֻײϾҶ鲻ʱҲ֪ԼΪʲô뵽ҶͻôǣȻҲû̫ڵʱ䣬ֻƴˮȥ
ֻû뵽ľȻҶ飡
Ҷʱոקס֡
ǰˮϵǱʱֱҪۣûҶΪʲôʱ˿ľһʡ
Ҷ飡㲻˵㶼ѧӾ𣿣
֮ǰǻŵԼҪ𣿣
ҶºˮһһԱ⣺ˮ̫ˣûʱ򷴶ƽ˾öԸ
ʱ˻ѼӲ
סҶ飬˿ˮѾǴγΣˮ䣬һԶ˸ղŵ¶ӪأߴԮҲˣƴҪȥϵѶ̫ˡ
ҲӴǰĿúӵΪӡǳǳĵطвʯ顣
ԭ۾ȥһ֦ȴͻȻҶһѣܹǸ֦ˣ
ֻǻûüԹͱҶ鱧һ־޴ײʲô׼ȷ˵ҶײʲôΪⱻڻûܵκ˺ֻҶ̴ٵƺߡ
ٶȱˮˢζȥʶղҶΪ˱Լײˮʯͷϡ
ô죿
⼱òУȻʵûиõİ취˶Ҳһ¶ȵĴ
ѵļ䣬ǱҶ鱧ţŴ׹ˮֱֱбȻʧغˮĴѣθУԼˮǻˮϢС
**
ΡΡ
ڸֻеģۣ۵ıǴĿİףˮζ͵ԴܣȷԼҽԺ
ְ֣ٺһɣಹ
˲ˣҾµߡ
洫һԸŮ̸ʶԼסһ˲
ȻͨɾⲢǽˣĻޣֻǡ
ֻ˭ԼҽԺԼôǸˣΪס˲һء
ôţʿŽײ⣬ϲЦ£ѽȥͬ£̽ӺһˮǸء
⻹ûѹԴЩһҶ飬ץס˻ʿһˮǸôˣ𣿡
ûأǸӦò̫ӾɣǺ˺öˮûѣû󰭣ӦúܿҲˣõġ
Ϣһʯͷء
Ҷû¾ͺá
̽Լͬ˭
ֻǽ⻹ûü²⣬һϤٴش˽
⣬ˣ
һ̧ͷͼѰһʦѿ飬˫ֲڿ㶵һǷ˽
һ½ܵļӣǳѰҺԼһ˿ڣһָŭָıӣ⣬ڿţˣӲˣȻҶܵƨɣҪ˰㣬˼ǽƨߵ𣿡
֪֪ôڰϣͿϵľ׷ǣһŰҶ߽˺ȻڼְҶܵıƻĿԼ˻뺦Ŀųն

ѰָŽʹļȴǵɴ۾
ѵ
в̫ԤУҲǽˣ
ѰϾͺܲģ˸ۣҲˮ˰ɣܣȰϽҶѹ֮ǰ̸ְǵҹ

ǱģѵԼײԽˣ˵ҶһˮһлԼڻһΣ
ϧܿ죬ýʶԼ²Ρ
ԼĴˣ
֮Ҷ֮ǰְˣĿ㱳ҪȥҶܲﻻʻˣ
Ѱͷѽһ٣˦仰ŭˣһͬؿŽ⡣
⣬ô죿һ࣬ʱ̫嶯ˡ
ľ޴ĳһʱûܣûӦϷȫƽľҲҶ𣿡
һɸ֣߾ˣǣҪҸû˼ĵط߰⵱ôǰϰһƨ˺ô˫۾ô֤ô˦Ҷܱô˿º㣬첻ˣҪĲܲʰ𣿡
ȴЩֻһʣˮһ˶ˣ£
ǺˮأΪϷŻȥСʱΪƿˣе΢𵴣ģû֢ʲôëҲûУ
ƽʱȥˣŹСʱ
߶߶˵ʧҵķӦʹѰܵƣȴһƬҺͲ
᲻ûƽʱգ
ǲ֮ǰµһУֻԼȥСʱһΣ
Ϊƽʱ⵽ҶѰֵѹեҲ֮£ʾƳڣ
ԽԽ¡
һֻԼһΡ
ôǰ׳־֮¸Ҷһţ˿侲ŷĶ亹ҶǸرԸĸԣ²ҪԼٲҲʦԼǮԼҪûǮǿִаԼн
ԽԽ£ԴеۣҲеΣҲҵúܣϽ㿪ֻѻǷԼһСǮת˻壬Ȼְִʼ
̫ʸûƽʱգԼһԴ˸Σʱ֣Լ͸֮ǰȵΪǿ̸·
״ʣȱܷͷ˵ʮƣΪϲߣ
ҹ


45 
Ҷͷʹ, ۣѰŴһӳǰҶ޴Ӿ, û, ĳˡ
Ҷܣˣɰˣ

Ѱ䣬䣬Ҷؿ⹷ΪЧ, ӲǺݺšԼĴһ, Ȼɹ۳ᡣ
ҶܣѰһѱһϷ, ιȥСʱ, ѾΪֳһվΪҵĳж, ôˣ
ҶܣԼôֱҶˣ
ԼǴԽˣΣ
ҶԴеΣֻüǰһѰ˳Լİʶأ
Ҷļǰѽ⻤˻һµǸ״, ǵĽ⡣
ûУ
Լ⻰ȥѰ˲һˣѾˣҶģ
û¾ͺ, Ҷ˿
ֻûüʽѰԱѰСʱȻ֮ǰϻͷȻ·, һݣѾȫ侲֪Լﲻ⡣Ҳͷ, ʶʲôгײϰ³, Ŀû뵽Ȼôһ, һʺһ࣡

ҶѾļЧ̸ǹˣҲ֪Լûٴȥ̴ְˣԺԲٳۣļ𣬴ְֻҪܼ˾УѾOAϿύ²ˡ
ѰԽ˵ԽģϾҶԽˣĽ⣬οɰҶܵ͸͸ˣ
ȻԼĻû꣬ҶԴͼеش̸ܼ绰
ҶܿһӶ̽ˣ϶ҪԼкܼ׼ְٹ
ʵҲȷʵˣΪѰͳֻҶܼ࡭
Ͻ׼ҶҶܣ׵ģ
ȻѰԾԼǳ·ӣ˵꣬ȴҶݺݵصһۣܼϽѴְ˻أͬ⣡ⲻְһ˭ģ
Ҷ䵭ΣգƳѰһۣû˽ϰ彲Ҫ죿
ǣҶܣ̫ļˣһܼ಻ְģ
ѰСҶɫʥҶܣҪϢϢȥϵ¡
黢⻰Ȼ٣Ѱش˳ȴҶһνסˡ
ȵȡ
ѰһĵҶܣʲôԸģ
Ҷıͦ侲˵һڼ䣬Ϊֳһվ
Ѱ۾ˣҶܾȻ뵽ԼĹһƬġ
ǵģҶܣ˵վģ֪֮ǰûѵʱ򣬿ɰҼˣҪЧ裬Ҳ
ѰϲҴһȻãսһ룬׼ϷͱҶشˡ
վһǰɣ
Ѱʶص˵ͷǡ
ǽ°ǰдĽվҶûѰĻᣬԶЦ£ݶҵҺܸжĽվҾ
Ѱĸеܱ˵ֳĳ˰
ҶȻ׷ŹѰһۣ˵壬ǼǵõģͦɫģΪֳİ汾Ҳɫ
ҶǾԼֳĿܰ
ˣûʲôˣǵþֳĽվҡ

ӺѰҶĲ˳ѾҪͷˣԼλӢ˾ǺǿģƢ粻ˮ֮ǰԼȻûãҲûôѰԼԣԼĶҶ˸ԷɾʰԼƵġ
ԼʲôҲûɰ
ȥһǸĽ⣬ȥҶܵƨɣԼű壡
ҶڲְѰҲǳ⡪ôСӾôˣһõİ취ǰסƴĥ
һǰ;ҵ
Ѱһƴվһ뵽⣬־ԼĴǿˡ
ƴ֮ǰѰҲϽȸܼ˵绰Ȼָ˵绰
ι⣿ĿǰĿ˵ɨβ⣬ְԣ̯ӴӺòߣ֪ûְû֮ǰҼϰ࣡ȻտмĿʹؼڣҪΪ㲻ϰ˲أ˾һ⣬֪û
Ѱ˵绰һ߼һԾԼʵ̫ˡ
ҶȻҪʰģһͼһۿ϶ܲ˴ְˣҶܻôͷޣ
ԼĿܴѲÿҶܷйŭ
ͦأֵС£µľ֮࣬Լ˵£ֻܹԹϰࡣ

**
ҶûҽԺ̫ãΪֻѾȫǸ·Ͷʷδ磬Ϊϰ壬ʱûʱģѺ͸·֮ǰ뿪ҽԺǸϡ
ԼôֱҶˣҶʵҲûʵС
ֻǲϻԼļס˽⣬ԼײʯʹôʵǿңҶԼıˡ
ҽԺСʱȫֻΪºԺǺˮͱҵͷ
ԣԼԴһжҵͷԺĸã
ʲôʲôΣ
ҶͷЩ΢΢ۣе⣬Ȼȴŵˣ
ƽʱ˵ദʽӦܵġ
ƽʱչȻǼٵģͽ⳯ϦദϸڶԼӻԺģ
ΣҶعûд󰭣ҲԾǸǵҶ飬ⲢûʲôõģҲûʲôֵ˷ʱپ£Ͼξһлعȷ
ԭҶȻʱȴҡˡ
ΪĹ뵽ͻĲǻͽദĵξͻǣֵô£
ҶﷳҪߵ绰һ̽Ұ칫ҡ
**
ѰʹĿĿƨ£Ⲣûж룬ȻյԼ칫λѰ͸ȥҶ칫𣬽Ʒζˡ
ΣҶǲǡ
ѰһۻֻΪ֮ɣţǲ֪ߵغϰа壬ΪԼǽпǽ޴
˼Ҷ鿴ǴĥԼ
ҳһţ˼άͼҲܻңֲԼξʵˣǵԣԼȥƽʱϮԼԲ
ģʵȻǲпģȥƽʱյϰĺ£
ȻһжԼİΣҶİ칫ȥ
Ȼܣ
ҶôǳԸԼϺˮݣ˼˺İ칫Ҵȥ޻ȫʬ
ҶΪǹʵг̫ܿʱдͻݷãҶ鲻òȥӴΪȥ칫ҵƲãذ°࣬׼һһ죬һ°ʱ䣬Ҳ¼Ӱˣڵ°
Ȼû뵽Ѱ߳Ǵţһɫͻʻĸǰ˾󷽺ĳ£¶ҶӢĲ
Ҷ鿴Ѱһ̧ۣ󣬿ֱϸ˵°໹һְӣʱû°߷ڵƽҪӣĿڵ¥㼴¥ҲҪķӡ
̧̧ƤޱؿѰ뿪λ嵽ӣϸ˵ˡ
Уֳվأ
ŵúˣȻǼˣڽĿɿڴѰܿ켱ǽҶܣ룬ô°أǺͽһȥĿȻ°ˣ˼ĿǱߵĶԽ˾пգѰ˼Ϊ˹˵°Ͳˣ½ձϣҲҲ磡
˵ԽƴʹɫǲǰС
ѰĵΪֳվҸ칫ˡ
ĸҿڣֻƴͷҵͷѰ뾡ܽԼڸУϧ
ܶ鶼ǺõĲ黵顣
Ȼǹ£°߷壬ܼͨҲô˳·ǹȥ
úãллҶܣллҶܣ
Ѱû뵽Լһ쾹ȻõϰۣϲЦտ˺ĳţԼϳҶߡ
Ѱֵصˣŵһۻվ·ܵĽһۣŸʲôʻλãȥ
ϣǳҶܾѳǰϽߣϧҶֻƿߣ˳ǰû˾˼
Ť˰죬ֱ汻ҶסĳʼȣŲòӲͷƤ˸ʻλ
һϵðȫҶڷ
ѰΪһв㣬ȻܺҶһͬˣĲֿԼ˳ΪʰйԱҶʶһܾҪٷˡ
ԼղŶûüĶԽĿӰ࣬Ҷô˵˳·ˣ
Ѱ룬մ㿪ڣȴԼߵҶȿ˿ڡ
˾Լͣ
ܿ죬˾ʹ˱ƣɫͣ·ߡ
ѰЩҶٴο˿ڣȥ
ԭˣ
ѰȻ
ϰ壡裬Ž谡
ֱӲýϳϳ;ٰȥķʽԸˣ
Ҷмˢӣ
ҺõˣԼ
Ѱ˸ʻϵĽ⣬̧ûСȥ
֮ãⰲȫָֻȫϵۣͱҶסֹˡ
̧ͷͶҶƯĺ顣
˵ı򶨣°ｪս⿪İȫϵ˻ȥЩʵؿһۣû㶯š
ȻѰȥ

ѰһԴðʺŵʲôĸоΪԼˣеظһ飺ȥҶܣ˵˳·ȥĿ𣿡
ûλˡҶ޳䵭ŮʿȣӦеʿ磬ȥ
Ҷıͺܴ󣬺ϳҶѰ⣬ռÿŻܼˣûλӡ
ϧҶ鶼ôˣѰҶ໰ֻܹԹԵ˳ȻűȥһβԼ
Ѱܿ쾫ʤҰοҶܽԼȥ϶Ǳ⣬н׽Ǵ㵥Сˣ޹ԼԲԼ;³ģ
Ҷܣ̫ˣ̫niceˣԹԹг𱨳𣬴Ӳǣ޹


46 
Ѱһ³, ʣ˾Ҷ顣
ڸʻλֱͦĿǰҪԼƽҲ֪Ҷ«ʲôҩ, ֻ˽һ, Ȼ˾˵һ֡
ȥꡯ
ꡱһϲȻ۸൱󣬵ԤԼ൱֣ǶλҪżµĶӡ
ҶҪȥꡱ
, , ˱, ùƽҶ, ҪȥꡯĻ, ҺҪȥĵط˳·ҪͰǰǸ·ڷ°ɣԼ򳵺λ͡
ֻû뵽ҶȫûжԽⷬзӦ, ֻǶųƮƮؿ˿ڡ
ϲмɿ𣿡
Ϊ̫ͻأ, ûӦʶ˴𣺡ҶĹ˶ûʲôɿڵġ
Ҷ˵ͷš
Ȼʲôһʲô£ֶŴˡ
Ǵʲôÿģ
ֵֻ̿͵͵ӺӾҶķ, ŷԼںӾҶĿ⧲ˡ
ϽװǲСİƿĿ⣬ΣƬ̣ջ̲ס͵͵Ӿȥ, Ȼ󡭡
ȻںӾײҶĿ⡣
Ҷ鵽ʲô
, ˶
ںܿ, ꡱ͵ˣͬͬŵ˳ĿãȻؿ˾ȥֱҶѡ
ˡ
Ҷ൱ಽظţֱСûҶ鵽ʲô
ѵΪ˱ԼƨɣҪԼ֣ͷԼܳԻøɰͰ͵ؿţ
ҶҲ˼ʲôû˵Ժ˲ˡ
ֲṩ˷Ƴʲô˵пͻͳʲôҲʡȥ˵͵ķա
˻ûϣҶ鵹ǴƳĬȿ˿ڡ
һ۽⣬ͦƽˮԺͻȻͦԶٺõϡ
ЩͷԣǵԺˣԼҶͰѻ⳶Լƨɵϡ
ǽֻƴȼ衣
ϧʲôʲôҶǷˣΪʲôְ
ʵ䵭̬ȡ
øȷֻӽˮһˡʵ˲пᣬԼûкʱҶ黥λôӶԺͽ⡣
ʱֻƽϴˡ
šԼһѣΪ˲Ŵ˵ǻԼ൱ڣҶܣҽͣҵʱϣˣʵĵһӦʱҲϰߣԲôһţڻ룬ǺڣǳڣʱӦ㣬ȥġ
Լ̬ȶԹϴˣҶɫһûбãˣ˵Щ㲻бҪ˵
ûˡ൱򶨵ĳϿҵʱ·ͻȻ뻹ԼŲΪȷһʧ˽ţ⣬ʲôҲûʲôҲû˵ȷʵ൱˵һҲϵĶˣҽҲ˵׳һЩҪĻþ硭
ҶЩҧгˣʲô
ǼԼȥǰǷ´׼Ѱˣ
ʱôֻҪҧϣҶԼô죿ϾʱңԼӶΪԼԽȥƽʱء
ڳϺҶƵƵʱⶼ˻ƽʱһжȷʵڴȻǰ׼ʰԼҶ飬Լ侲һ±ȽϺá
ʾ֭ͼɻصҶ˵ʲôòĻǾȻͼְ뷨Ц£Ҷܣ֪ģԸһӸġһЩ֮෴룬ǿ϶ǱҵԺ𵴵ĺ֢ǾԶĲģûҪְû
ǽſڴƻƺʵ̫ˣҶ鿴ܲұȸղŻ˵㣬ִ˵Թޣȱ𣿡
˼
Ǵ㿪Լ
ЩѾ侲ˣƽʱΪܷһĻĻ·ǰ⻹ǵԼǵĸ飬Ŀļ飬㱻ˣܻƽʱһУɼԼĶĿݹǻгڵġ
Ҷ鵱ˣǣĿԼƽʱĲõĲֲֶԲͬ˼·ְ⣬ŬȥԴҪĹСҳɳ
ЩĵһǲҶ鿪
Ŭװ򶨵ؿҶ飬Ȼ漣ûзҶͷ˿ڲ裬˸ղŵĻ⣺ҲȱԴӽҵ¸ˡ
ЩɲǣֲԼĵĸǹȻ˸໹ܸࡣ
ƽʱղԼһΣҶ鲻ԼʵҶûһֱǸȡáϰ岡ֲҸоõʱңΪȻ⻹ǾãȻܡ
ûúҶһ仰ֱҶüظһ顪
Ŀҵ͸һԼĲҵ
Ȿʶһ£Ҷ˵Ļֻʣһ뷨
ֺ£
۾һ̲סˣҿԻĿ
Ҷ鲻֪ô£ղŻŽĿ⣬һĶӣǱ̵һ˿˺˿ڲ裺ĿôôģѰûá
ѰǲãҲûõȥأ
ֹȻƽʱһǼٵģҶûԼԭôҲȻǺܻٻȴ˺£ԼϻĿ
⿪ģҶԵǳ˽һۣҵôԸ
ˣֻҪܻĿҶ¼ЧĸԸˡ֮£̲ס趼ڣҲʱƿʽſʼˣҶղֹǾ仰Щû壬ò̧ͷʵҶܣղ˵ʲô
Ҷȫ̶Ų̫ˣֻԼû˵ʲô
Ʒ󣬽ŷ֣Ҷ鲢ֻԼģȫûбԵͼһģһĲɫһһݡ
ҲҶ˼ԼϣѵʵȷʵԼϸһ
;ֵ½ˣⲻҿڣҶƺҲ뿪ڣ˳ĬְسŶ
ꡱÿζҪԤԼŶӵ֣ƷǳãȻͣҶòͻǷǳŹֻҪڣ·ǻ߳ģȷʵЩˡ
ԼӢϰͳԷûпԼԼԼصĲţⱾĺ£Ҷ飬Щʳˡ
ƽʱξԼҫõԼҶ飬ýͽĩ«оҶ飬˺Լһҵǰ湤Ҷ飬ְֽԼ߹ȷʵʱҶ顭
ÿһҶ鶼ôôʻڽⶼ档
ԻعʵŸоôѹ
Ҳ֪ôˣԼԣȫûܿƺźóԵȴʼµ
رƽʱξݳ޸ԣƽʱ｡ĸĸҲƽʱҶ顭
ҶһʼҲĬŵͷţֱƬ̺󣬴Ųʶ˽̧ͷǿ˽ϵᣬ˲д˲죬ȻǻңֽҪ⡣
ôˣֳԽĩԵģ
ΪûнֽæҵֱԼ潪Ȼ۽Ĳ̣ЩĪֹûнĩ
ⱾڿޣҶԼĶǳ׾Щˣֹס˿ޣȻ㶣ͻȻʶʲô̧ͷҶ顣
Ҷղ˵ʲô
ԼֳԽĩˣ
ԼûҶһйԽĩľΨһԽĩ棬ƽʱյξ
Ҷˡ֣֡
ѵ
ѵԼƽʱһУǸΣ
һ̣ͻȻĽŵöðſʪֽҶ飬˽ս֮£Ǿȥԡ
Tom
ظģҶȻȻĻش𣺡ţ
˻Ŵʪֽ£Ҹղ̫ͽֽԺմˡ
ģԼղǻþǴŵӼʵִᣬһ˶Իļױʲô
ҶҲû룬ѿڶࡣ

Ϊʵʵ̫ͻأûиҶ˼ʱ䣬ȻȻʶػش꣬˲ƷͣĶҲʪֽˣһЩҵľϲĿ⿴Ž⣺ǵã
ģȻΣ
šҶһѣ۵öЩгˣȷһС
Ҷ飬һԽƽʱ˶Բԣ
Ҷ鿴˿ղһֱõıҲ߽ļȡõ˿Ǹˡ
˽һۣһΪӻˣΪԼײˡ
Ҷ鿴ֱڻָ˽Ϥӣ˵ίͿߣղϲ֮ǰ㣬ҾȻǳȥˢеEMBA⣬Ϊƽʱʱ䣬ˢ⡣ӶЩе⡣
һ̣ԼеĿϲֻһܡ
е´󷨺ã


47 
Խ, ˿̵ĸо֪
û뵽ԼƽʱһУǻþҶ黹ԼĽ׼սѡ
ôһ, ˲, ҶǰҲûάָղŵΣˣһӷ˽䱸һ߳һߵ
ꡯǺܺóԣһǾöԲļ۸, ôôԤԼģ
˻߼˱˵ԤԼšҶ, »صҶܵ, ˵ģЩϰ, ͽ˵ѾдǰľС
㻨˶Ǯ
ļ۸񡣡
⾪ˣҶ, ȻҶˣ᲻̫˷ˣǰҲûϲϣôһһҪͳأ
ûϲϡҶͣ˿, ʵ˵ҲԣҾҪԡ
ʲô߼
Ѱѹ, ȻԲ˵е˾ҳԵġϡҾʲ
ֱЦҲδ̫ˡ
ѰƽʱҶһ, ͻȻеͬ飬Σӡ
Ҷҧгݵ˵ѰͰĿͶ˽⣺һ, ʲô˼
ʲôʲô˼
մȨ, ҶԸ·ϰ岡, 粻̫˵ضŽ⣺ôһѾʹְ·ʲô˼һᱨ㣿ôң
ôһýЩ޴룬ͱ˺ƤʤŲæʵô˵Լһʲô̬ȣô˵ʲôסղŻһֱŸҪҺTom̹𣿶Ѱݵʲô뷨ɵҪʰˣ
һϯ˵Ҷ˲ƿԣ˽ۣ㵹˸ڲѵ࣬ݣҶ˵ˡ
ǻǸлTomʦ̵úãʦͽ
˿ڲ裬ײ̫ԼԽҡһɽܣ͸Ҷһٺô˵ĥϳ˵꣬˭֪̲̣᲻ʡ
͵͵ҶۣҲһʹԽˣҶһϵˣǰ֣ҪˣӦ֪ҪΪ˾㣬ҾͲڵĪִԽһǸʱյأ
ղʤ׷ʵˣһֱǶܳݵģδԽĹҲͶأ֪Ǹϰ塣
ǰ̬ûڶԣͶ̥ãڰɣ㻹ˢӵģԼΪҲвٲ㣬ȻǰˣҲԸ㵱ǵĹġ
ԭҶ޸ϵԼҳϲû뵽Ҷɫ̫ÿһǹϵؾܾˡĿ
̧̧ƤϾ㲻˵ˣȻѰͦģǴӹݺרҵƥ˵ϲĹǰе쵰ûܸҵңڻλ˼ҲˣҪǿϲĹݡ
ҶͻȻôƽ⣬⵹ЩţЩ滰𣿻ִִ̽Ұ
ҶķӦܼңҲίҶ£
Ȼᡭǰɲôִ𡭡
ڵմãѡûеҶ顣
ˣλ˭ʱأ
ҶҪôߣֹëȡãҪƸҪϳ̣ϸˣҲû׼ûãǱˣ˼ܲǡ
ǵĹ벻ǧĴˣҲ벻һǿϰ壬룬ȻҪһʱһɣϾҶ˽⻹ǱȽ̵ġ
Ҷ鵹ģá
˿˽һۣƺΪ˰һ㣬Ƭ̣ջǿڵģһҸµġ
ҶƿߣǽϹŵĻ˲ӦŮ˵ͲҪ룬ϰ壬Ӧܵ˫ܰ
Ŷ
̧ͷҶһۣˣе°ҵˣ
ϸ룬Ҷ˵ҲûΪϰ壬ҲвӦľƾ֣ƣȾƺס
֮ǰΪʲôû̹ףΪԼȴְˣҪһԽƽʱȥˣ·һƽʱһΣĪ㣬㻹д󲡣
ҶԴ˻ֱͦ׳οҶѰ³ˣ˼𣿡
ааɡ
Ǳ飺ǸڼȻָҶˣ֮ǰ¡Ҫ㶼˰ɣ͵ƽʱһΣ
Ҷ̬ȷǳҵطˣС
ɫõؿ˽⣺ѵ뵱һΣ
ҶȻǻָϰɣԽҲ㵱ΣȫҼס
ǣҲֻǵǲ֣ҵⲿôزϾڣѽѧôҵ֪ʶô߹ܣÿ߹ܵϰôദ֮ôϢ㾹ȻǣСְԱˣְǹͨģҶҵˣһ¾һԸԸǸεְ˼ʣҲ´ˣ
˵ĵҲмֵ
ȻⲻϣҶǰȷʵ̻ܶ࣬Ȼ˴˽⣬˽ÿ߹ܵϰԣδͨԽӣҲ˳ࡣ
ҶְƬ̣ȻЩȻɤӿ˿ڣˮңڲڣ

㲻ӦþͲᴩԽˡҶͷҲ΢΢ѹˣ֪ϲǸ磬㲻ңˡǽܣλҲߣҰ趼ߡ
㶣ȻҲ˲Զڵֲе᣺Ѿˡ
ⲻȥѾ£ҲȥľΪ뵱ʱ£ٸһλᣬܻǻôġ
ˮͼҶ飬ڡ
ܱҵսɣǸʱ˸ҿ˽ָҲҿԼǱͲ㣬ȻҾҪصʱգúս
ŬԼңҲ֪ҵİһʱգĺܺúҸһ룬ҴҲûʧȥҵİְ裬ֻ˸Ҫ£Լȥæ
ĸ飬Ҫʱһ֪ĳطҵİְһֱڣͺܺˣһֱһַʽߣҲԶҵļ
οʱҵİְ̫ˣȥ鸻ˡ
˵ҶЦЦʵѾô㵱ϰˡΪֻ㵱ϰ壬ҸἺΪ˶Ǹʱôȥ㡣
ҶЩҵʲô
Щƻؿ˽⣬ȴսǾ仰
Ǳװɣһǡ
ҶļЩ۵ƮƮȻ룬Ȼƽʱ˺ۣܶôý⿴Լ澳еļǿΪԼɾҩضԼ˱㺣ԼģҲʧΪһ¡
һˣŮ˱ײʿҶ黹еԼ׿˵Ǿ仰Ȼ˽ɴ
ڰ㵱һѣ

Ҷ˰ӣڷӦѣֻѣ
¶Щ˼ЦֹѣǺѣ
ѺѲһ˼
ҶҪûĻҪ˵ˣ֪֪֮ǰԪҸʵѾݳԽƽʱյĹʽˣ컹ȥȥѡûȥʱգشľ
¶˲ɫΪʲôǸʱգ
Ҷ򴽣Լú롣롣
룬ȻڻȻ֪ˣǲǾǸʱ˶Ů˱ҲͦõģϾʱͦɵģһ趨Ůˣʵܹúģ

Ҷ˵ʲôϧ˼ѾȫƮԶˣ˵ԪҸݳ˴Խʽ֮ǰ˵ͶάʱĸǴԽȥ£ʵʱսŹСʱǼȻôʽҪ̫ȥǸʱոãҪ£ʲôʱܻȥ

ҶԼûʲôýˣе㱻ֲ֪ʱôӺ˵𣬶ίͲʣ޲ýӵжĵܹȫ֪Լ˿롣
ϧȻûС
ͿŮ˺سϣȻ˿ʱ䣺Ҷ飬ϴԼͷǱڵĿһһȥݷ¿ͻһؼ𣿻УԪҵĿһһݸΪ꾡δҵ滮ĿύOA
൱иɾһŬģ
ΣصԭʱգٴᵽʧȥĸܣҲҪùתע
ϧĸɾûиȾҶ飬˵ǿЩģǻûӦõϰ壬ֻ˵ͷãؼҵġ


48 
⵱ͻصԼС, ΥھӵĳƺûӰ쵽ļ飬ҹ˰ҹڰѸķ涼, OAύµ̡
ƽһΣᵽ˱ѵĸо
ڵڶ, յOAͨĵӶѡ
˯쿴ŵĵһӦͼˣžǿϲͼ֮ЩεĽš
Ŀվ˶ǵһ, ҲҶ羹ȻͿʼˣ
㿪OA֪ͨŷҶĸ翪ʼOAʾ֪ͨ, ܿСʱ֮ǰ, ҶѾͬһݻҪ
˵ϰʵĻͦŬ, ҲԶȽԭġ
Ҳ֪ǲǺ˶ǳ˫, ſڴ򿨸ڰ칫ǰ£СϾ˹
, ˾һ²ţܶصԱְ, Ϊ˷, ǲҵ԰һõ˲¥ʱԱˡԱڶˣ¼, Ҳⷿİɣⷿںܹ, εԱᶼв, Էǳ㡣
СϳЦЦʣ¼, Ҳţϴ˼ǣԱģҲԣȵȵá
֪ҵ԰Ƕ˲¥ģԭΪĿʱĿ˻ߺԱס޵ģ鴴ҵһ㹤ҹģСҲ࣬ⶰ˲¥סҲߣȷʵ˺ܾá
ĿΪĿʱṩ˲ʹõģʱͶ˴Ǯ˵Ӳÿ仹Ǹ߹װ޵ģȫסĴˮҲȫǹ˾¥ҲܷҪò͵ģֱǵʳóԷֱ뵽ס޻
û뵽ϾȻĺ£
û뵽ԼСȻûô޵Դ£Ȼһ뵽ԼҾ۲죬СϲûаЩ뵥ˡ
⼸ǧлؽӹ뵥дϣȻ󷵸Сϡ
˺󣬽Ͷ뵽Ĺȥˣûе¡Ͼڲһûʮ¶²
ˣСʱСѾǩͨ뵥ԼԱ޺ͬҽʱⶼһΰĻ
ô죿
Сϵ˵ͷأϴ˵ҶҪļҸϽҪˡ
СЦ£ʵǲҪ룬Ҳϴ󡣡ͷϴ㣬ȻҲš
ܼࣿԼͶԷҲûʲô鰡
Щ⣬ܿ죬Ա޺ͬľһαϲˡ
ԼҲ̫˰ɣ
Ȼ뵽һ˼䣡
ǰҲûԼԽӵĿ˲ŷ룬˼Ҫ󶼺̣ܿ󲿷ֻ뵽˻˺䡣
˲ŷĹܸߣ˵ǵ˼䣬ʵϾһĹԢܴΪͥסһڶû⡣
ܿʣ˼䣬ǲһ㰡
ôܱߴ۸񣬿ɲǵԼһ˳еķǻ䵽˺أܷ̯·⡣
ûûУϴ˵ˣ˼ļ۸һġСϰ˰֣Żݾ˵Ҷ˵ҪԱȡЩôøⲨԼ۱ȸߵģϽǩɡ
ԭˣ
⵽ֵĺ˷ˣæǩ˺ͬȰһʽҪݵǷݸ˹˾Լϸ˿ŷֱͬǼٵġ
ûҪ󷿿ͽѺЩ̵ҲͳͳûУ
һ뵽ԼϾҪסᣬԴ˰Сˣֱΰĸܡ
˵òУʶ˷ȽⷴӦѾֿظҶ鷢΢š
뵽Լ۱ȸߵԱ˼ˣסΪףҵĺԷ
ʵⷢͺˣͲҪǷҪĽˣû˰г̵ĵҶջع飬ƽƶȸĸæĲУ˵йһƽʱյصԼôҶ˵ȻǲʵģϾ㵱ѣѵĹϵ⣬ҶҲԼϰ塣
룬ԼϢָֻյϢҶĻظѾˡ
á
Լһ֣ȴһ˽ķ֡
ղԼҪ˳ԷģȻҶһӦⷴźͻȻôҶ齻еʴˡҶ麰򷢵ģڡ
ҶֱҶܣϴԵҲôϣǽ⻹Ҹҳ˹ݳͶұҲҪҸβĲ
ںܿ죬嵭˽޴룬ܿͶ뵽˸ɻȥ
Žĺ˻û꣬һĿ߻ûã⾹Ȼյп֪ͨ
ͷһŷһʴǰı
ͬ칫༸ͬµֻҲʾȻҲյ˱۾ˣ찡ʿǱҪ׺˶ҵŷ𣿿ҴϢģ
ʲôϢ
ݰƵ˽ߣ㲻֪Ҷǵƶȸĸˣ֮ǰıƶȣһɵˣڲҪĿɹֻܱҪ֤ܺȷʵڿͻĿأܹҶܹǱľѣҪڿؿͻأ
⣬ղĿ˰취ҲˣĴ˿ȷں󣬲ѹӵг90%ĶʣһۼЧˣֱӵڽְ
ƶȣôҲ˵
ýݵѾŹҲ˵аԵˣҪúüסĿְλ뱻ڽְнȥҪúֺǣԺǲţɾͲϵˣôͻȻһǴ򹤽׼ĸо
ݵ˶Ҷĳݣû뵽Ҷ˧ƣ·˼ǴˣݱеЩƶȸĸһʱ׵ģûĸķ򣬾ͷ·Լڻ򹤰ϰ嶾Ƶġ
˵ݵҶܣȷʵ԰򣬲Ŵһ񶾷ɣתƵӡ
ƽĶۣҶĸĸȷʵҲ֮ƣ̵ġ̹ˡǱԼʵòƽʱﻻλΪ˵ľҶܶ˼ĸĸ﷽Ǿ׼ʹ⣬ƶȸĸϢһһӴ
ҶҲ̫˰ɣѱƶȺղƶȸˣֽ˶⣬˰汾װãϴڰ칫յ̣ˮˣһڰ칫һֻԼЩͬϡ
Ҹ˵»ΪǼٵģ˵һݺͬأܲòȥҺǩҶͷݺڲͨˣҲΪ˿۵˴ļЧ𡣡
ѹҽײʱôǸͷӡ
ĻںͷأиͬѧǲŵģҶܱܰ۵ļЧȫƽַܲŵԱˡ
ֺ£
ԣͬѧ˼ÿ˷ֵһأҶ˵ˣӦΪǱ̶ǵ彡⳥ˣ˵ڶ̶PTSDˣֻóüʼأͻ̣ҲգԼ̲סֳˣֻҴſء
˵ҶܻصȷԱְֲ֮ɧŵαŮԱܵĹ涨Ҫְ￪ǻĲ

Ҷִκξ൱׼ȣǲˮ䡢ݼ䡢ʳáǹ˾κһԱǷ׷۵Ļ⡪лⶼ벻Ҷĸĸ
ǰҶ鲻󣬽֮񼸺ǶҶͳݡ
ͷԣ͸һźһ׸ĸʵ˰ٷ֮ٵ緭̡
ҶǰΪڸĸ߹ܴҵҲڿʼļЧŴʱ߹ǱԼóĸλ֮ŲǵԱùо׼ɸѡ˶ʵԱΣһҲʿ
ҶĸԵ˵°ࡢһܼӰʱ䲻һȵƶȣԽԽ˷ԸӰˡΪҶƶȸĸ˵붼̶ȵĺԼҵҹˣ˸ԸΪΪԼƴӰܶˡ
ԱЧãҲ֪ǲǽڵݼ￴Щƽףôҵľòˡ
ΪԸصĿҶҲܿ滻ȷʵǸ
ΪݵʱѲٹԷ˽ӡ
˹ҵгϵע㣬⵽ûסյҶһЩϰûϤ£ȿһҪҪȽУ⣬ɫϲɫҽ㻻һУʱеļϿܻҪʹʵδҪôؼҪԼע⣬˺ܶʱСеѴʵ˲Ƣʱߣèһ˳ëС
ȽĿŷԼȻ֪˽Ҷôëϸڡ
Ǹɴ۾ЩŵؿŽ⣬Ƿ˼㣬ǲңҶܸûôѴ

Щ⣬˼ǰѵҶҵƥϰ岡ܹԹ
ȴ֪룬ֻЦЦҾˣҶܶͦõģҪȿȣҲ̫ÿȻòŪһڸйҲ̫ãҶüҲȥˣû˵ʲô
˵ɫҲûأȷʵ࿴üۣһʼҲͦģǲԼɫãͦŵҵصؿÿء
ԽԽԼͶԷʶĲһϰ塭
ȴ֪飬Ҷֱ޲ˣҶʵͦƽ׽˵ģ֮ǰȷʵҪһļҴӡʱ򣬴ӡֽˣҼҪΪҶܻҿҶԼȥӡңر˧ؾͰѴӡ޺ˣѿֽˣֳѧôӡֽ㲻֪̫˧ˣ
ǰɡ
ҶķǳԱƽƶȸĸЩ߹һ绰ģæǳԷÿζԼȥԷ
ҶȫֻС˵Żֵϰ塣
ȫͽȥԶ
Ⱥ깤⻹ڲС
գûססһ䣺֬ʶ٣˶ٹѪ
ֵؿ˽һۣ֬ʣҵ֬ôˣӦûΧģѵˣѪʲôְʱͳһҪİ

ˣȴĲ
ҶôԴ
ʲô˼ԼǰڿҿԹҶⲻǲ⣬ճҲģڻ˸ʲôҪûˣĺԼСˣ
ÿԼ뵽˼ĺ»һź
⿴˿ֱʱ°Ҳûˣ˲䶼ҶԷˡ
ϧʲôʲôһҶϢˡ
ʮӺǴſڼ
Ǵ¥ڵǽڽ֣ܱ߶Ǹ߶˼ȥ˸һԼ۱Ըߵеǲпɴľ룬˸֪Ҷ鲻ÿ
ʮӺǵ°߷壬⴦һʼϵ£ΪԼſڵȴҶ飬ȴû뵽ҶѾ⡣
عݣŰͦװͦεվſڣӢƣƾòģѾ㹻ˣο¿ɶ޲ˡ
ӣҶֱǸơ
ԱﰵﶼеҶ飬°뿪ſҶģЦŻ򹧾سкҶҲһһͷ⣬ûЦ˵Уϰķǡô
ͦӣȷʵͦ˧뵽ĸĸԱҶ鶼󲢾ٵᾫӢ
ԼҪʱҶλľӢʿ߹ȥʵ̫ˣ
ⱾȺ߳ţԶٸҶ鷢ϢͷҶ鵹ۼ⣬մӴźðͷҶͳ˹
ղŻЦȻ¶Ц⣺⣬ô¥ô
ⲻòӲͷƤԱ̽ͺĿҶ顣
⻹ûôҶദҶ鷴൱ȻŽߣý·ڲ࣬Լ·ϳĽ࣬ǳʿȻطŻ˲ȴϡ
ǰǴûе£
̽ؿҶ顣
ҶƺܵĿʣɤӣ򶨵ؽ͵еEMBAԭ֮һκ飬ҪѺõĸȫλŮԡ
Ҷ齲ֿ˽һۣʵҪһٴͺˣΪҵ֪ʶȫͨеEMBAĿԣϧȻûϣҪͨԣбҵͱҵģǿȥμӵģȥˣ֪ȫÿֻмͨԣ˵ڻˣѧϰľ˷ѣЩס֪ʶҲ˷ѡ
Ҷһߣһ״ȻȻĹȥԶЩ֪ʶڻͨģŮԡ˿ȣƿߵȻʵұ˺ܶࡣ㲻Ҹ𣿡
аɡ
ҶڴĿֻ΢Цŵͷ϶
ȷʵҲеʮο
еУͦбҪģҶһһˣǿҽƹ㡣
**
ԤĲԶ˿·Ҳ°ȥ۲͵Ⱥյİ컹ûа̧ͷƯĻƣҶ鴩ŲճķװȻŽճĽͷһԵöϡƽһֻѵõķɺ̹
ع鵽ԭȷʵʧȥ˴ǰʱеһУûȨûгȻҲûô㻹һƽְ˿Ծɾδϣδ֪Ļһз·޷Ԥģ缸ǰǴԼȻܺҶºȻһ°·ϡ
ȥĲϵ꣬Ҷıǳ̹Ȼϰߣ۲˵Щ˼
¹ʻûõҳû̫Ʒѡ
⻰˵ģղŵĺɢˣôˣҶ飬ǹȥҶˣھеѵEMBAҵҶ飬ƽ⻹ڼ
ԽԽҶ黨Ǯ̲סͰҶĿζ˺üϲԵĲƷȻɿҶԼڵơ
Ҿֱѡ֮ӡ⽲ְϵ˳˳ˮ̲סҫԼ뵽ԱȻû˱סǸԱҿ֮ǰͼõģһ뵽ĵ˼أ֮ǰͼСĵ˼ҲʮƽףȸСȫ
Ҷ鿴Щ⣺ôð
ǵģɺˣ
ⶰ˲¥һʱõģʵҲûȥչҲ֪ôԱᣬ𣿡ҶȻȻ뵽˹˾ѷӿǵסԺҿȥ𣿡
˿ڲ裬Ϊ˲¥סѾ100%ÿ䷿ˣҲûУȥͳԱϢ󣬻ῼͶ˲¥ڵĽ衣
ĺ£
⵱ͷӦסȥԺ
Ҷü㻹ҪϷסһΪʲôסԱأҶ˴ɨˡ꣬˶٣Ŷͳһɨġ
ôã
Ҳ޲̾סԱᣬϧ
ϷĶûüȻҲ࣬ҲҪʱ䣬ԤԼҹ˾ϧ˵ҲҪŵ졭
⣬ҷ㵱꽪ԺҲͦ˷Ǯˡ
Щ⣺ʲô
ԼĶ˷ˣ
Ҷһؿ˿ȣְҵ£߾ѵͶģΪʲôҪȥǮҰҹ˾
ƵͶæҰҹϵõļŮͬ£˼಻ʰ
Ҷ˿ڲ裺Լú룬ֻʶŮͬˣҪԼ
Ѱ
ǾûܣѰԼշѾͲˡȵȣ
ԼgetҶİʾˣѰֶ𣿵Ҳ˼Ҷʲô˼
Ҷ鿴еˣҲеģ

ôевصһеǰȥ벻ңѰֶӶ뵽ˣҶ鿴൱ãѵʶеģʲô˼
еû
ںôǵϰ壬ѵҰҽϰѹ𡭡
Ҿֻϰ壿ҶЩҧݣ㲻˵һĺáѣ
Ҳǡ
ȳԷҡ


49 
ȻҶ鶼ṩoffer, Ҳˡ
ȻҶ鶼ˣⲻ֪ΪʲôҲЩûסǲ̫˫˰ôϸ񣬶ô, Ƣ, ôʱûˡ
ҶĬƬ, ſ˿ڣΪŸĵġ
, Щû壺ʲô
ûʲôҶ, ֻǾ˺ܶԺҲְԱĲ, ȷʵʡҹȥĻƢʱ̫ˡ
Ҷ龹Ȼʡ, Ǻ£뵽ôãе, ﻹЩĪĲˡ
ҶŵĻ, ܿýĲҲɢˡ
, 뵽ҵʱΪúܱǸ, ǰķʽԴˣҲ֪㹤ߵࡣΪϣֱܱ˾ƴ, ҲҵһЩ
Ƽ, ЩжĸܹͬҶбøá
ǰȷʵҲĲõĵط, Թ˾Ӫ͹´ûϸ, һʼҲƫ, ԼĹҲö˼άȥ룬Թ˼Ҷ飬ӽҲҪһøá
˵꣬˶Ҷ顣
оѵĲܡиµܿɹͬģֽӵͻȻЩҶŤת˵ķȷʵЩ˧ġ
˵ǽͳԷҶ黹ǼȥϴּĻᣬɿǰѵˣȻԼ˳ȥ
˵ʵҶĳôμͣǽҲûס˾أ
ϾϺһҵ˽г̣ϣ˾ӰˣҲףԼҲǲῪ
û˾ڣֻҶԼˣԼһ˵ԼɣҲʣΪҶĳʵǡ
ڵβ³ʱ̲סˣҶ飬û˺˵㿪̫ˡ
ҶĸʻϣԼĻ䣬Ҷס̵΢΢ˣЩΣҲЩġ
֪֪˵˳ãʲô

ʲôĹ
һӦЩǣ춼˵Ů˾óãԱӣʵϰսͨ¹ʵķͳƣҿбȷ˵ˣʵϷ¹ʸĻ˾˵˵㳵ôˣ㿪ǲа
Ҷ¶˺ͽ⽲ͨı飬˽ס̣൱õصֹб˼ȻûҾҲΪҼֽϢʳʶȡ
յݵһѯţҲûҶֹʲôһ߻ظݣһ߲̫ĵذοǣõģҲǸɵ¡
ѵҶͬ˽Ĺ۵㣬֣µص˵ͷҲá
ںܿ죬ڲҶõĳˣΪڿ˽Сĸ
ͣͣ濪Сˣ·߶ͣĦггģ⳵ȥܵͷ
ʵ˵ҶҲ֪ģϾҲպϹü
ڸͣ˳ŸӵŽϤİ¥
ٴλصԼϤĻû뵽ȻصƹȻֻˣΪºڣóֵֻͲĹ˹ҶһֵֻͲ
ߵ˽ǰ棬һֻֻùԴСĵŽǰ¥ݣһֳֻ˹
һʱ֮ЩûӦֱҶ𡪡
š
˵ƽͳ˵ʸУȻͨƽ·ٶȻ
˶٣ȵشߴٽ㲻ºţˤˣ°;УҲ㹤ˡ
ȷʵºڣҲûٽ飬סҶ֣ȻǣһŹԴ¥
Ҷ·˽ֻҲʴӣҲ˷ǳ̵ʱ䣬ȵſڣ̷ſҶ֣ȻȻŷ֣ԼƽҲƽ
ⲻϸԼҶֻǱֵѺãԼôԺ˼룡
**
һߣҶҲŬƽʼ䷿ӣתԼע
ȻҶ鲢ǵһνӣΪļңȴǵһμʶ
ӻôСں࣬ȷʵӵĶ࣬Ҿ߲µҲУϵС̨ϰдеֲмĻ
Ҷϲȫֻܿһ֣ӦӻҹɫĻ޼ɵʢţҵζȻȴŰɫӵΣ޷ַ·ǳͨ
ҶͻȻ⻨е⡪Ư̫ĴŮ飬κһеһæµƽȻ߽ŷвκһ˵ͼǿӻҲҪ⡣
˿̣ӻЦһ££Ҹ㵹ˮ
ŽתļЪҶشķ
зǳŨܰϢϾɵǽϱ˱ֽҶ̧ͷܿԭһѷĲ֣ǡôһݡÿմ嵥סˣһ¡
ĩҪ衣
׼
ĩɨ
¥³ۻ
ǸӰƱҪڼǵ꣡

ôд۶ϣ
ҶеʧЦҲʱˮˡ
Ҷ̧ͷ۽⣺ڼôôʲôҪ
æǻǰЩС£дԺ˾ܻоԼ˺ܴһһгɾ͸еġ
ˮݸҶ飺Ȱɣɻ
ʲô
㲻Ұҵ𣿡
Ҷ̲סЦ£Ҳ˵ľǿ׻
Ҫ׾ͲˡһؿʼһͷҲû̧ͶҶȻͻ¶˵һģ֪㲻ƭˡ
ҶԽǰ仰Ұ㵱ǶԼĿޣˮʼｪһʰ
ΪӱͺС̫ණͻԵӵ˽Ͳ࣬Ҷİæ£ܿʰ˸ţȻ¥°ᣬҶֹ
¥ϴš򴽣ȥᡣ
룬ԼңҶҲֻæģԼҪ֣ǳ˦ƹ
ֻǽ뿪ڣҶһϰߵEMBAе¿ȷѡ⣬ʱҲᣬŮİᣬǲе¡
򶨵Ƴ˽һۣҲ֪һ˾ţ֮ˢŲһõҵ֤Ҫھʹƻеԭҹȥ

еȻô󣬽⾹ԶԣֻҶļ£Ҷһذ
ҶŽԱʻȥ·ϣⶼЩûʵСԼô򵥵˰ңȻסλеԱˣ
Լ뵽ĵ˼䣬ҶӿűȽ⻹ļ⿴Ⳮ·𼱻ǵذԼ͵Ա¥
й𣿡ͦƽ⣬æˣѾҺôæˡ
ûôҿ԰꣬Լһôȥ
˵ʲôֻˣͷһҲЩϲ£ѧ
ʱպ󣬽ҲһֱͦҵԳԸúøлһֱĹػʱգԶɲûб˼͵Եദģʽɶˡ
ĽģԾºͶʿ֮ǰǵұԹķӲãҪ׷ȥҲ֪֪ףԷҲȱǮ˵ҿ׵ˡ
Ծһºֳ뵽˵ˣܸжлԺ󣬵߶ԷԼѾ뵽Աᣬڰҡ
㶣˵˹ϲ˰æһ˰̫鷳ˣÿգڹ㡣˳ֲŵ£Ҳ¡
ҶȻ£ҲԼǲ硭
ֻǽЩҡҪӦԣҶͺվǰ
ģŽ⣬ÿ⴫Ϣ
ҡᡢꡢˣ
㶣Ҷ󣬲ŷԼЩĶѾˣ
˵ȱ˵࣬һΰأҶôͰ꣬õܵôϸŸϿѱֻø˵СѧƵģ
²鷳ˣ⵱ٴθлԺܾ˵ԡ
˵绰ҶɫŻЩ˿Ծɺܲˣ⣬ǲǿң·Ϲҳãһţұ̥ˣʲô˼ã
Ҹսӵ绰ʱͶְˣ
Ҷ˵ͷǵȻҴ򹤺󻹽ڶ˿鸹ˣֻǰѣС˼Ҫ֪ôȹԼҵջʲôѧˣ˰϶Ҳȥģûһˣˣ󲻽ļûɣҪҹȥҽԺͷҪ⳥ҽҩѣбҪ𣿡
аɡ
Ҷ黹е㲻ˣ⣬ʲô飿а˿鸹ҪʵڲţҿԸ¡
ң֣ţţ֮лҶ飬ǳõģ
ҵȻܺãҪ֪Ժҵһѣڻһҡ
ȥæɣ
֪ҪԺѰ̶ȣŷǱʱ鵫˳Ҷ˯߾ͳˡ
ղŻԹŷæҶ飬ϺԵֲˣ͹ӲˣңͰҸˣô࣬㶼ȥȱ裿
㲻˵Ҫ𡭡
Ҷϰ壬ʲôʱ򿪻ᵱȻ˵㡣
Ҷϰ岡ַˣ׼ȷһ˵ҶѧеԺ˵ҲøӴˣ
֪ҶȻ˲æôҹԱȸȻԣ¥ȸɡ
ѵˮҲˣˮҪʱ䡣
ֻԼ仰ȥҶ룬üûиŽ¥
ͣסˣˣҲȥˡ

⣬ҹһ¥ʵǲʵġ
ֱˣҪ¥ȲĲҶ鱾𣿣⻹ϸˣ㹥
⻹û飬Ҷ򶨵ؼ¥û⣬ʱȥˣͲ̫еˡ
Ҷ˿ȣһȻزҪ֪ʱӦȥˣ϶ʲôˣʲôûһҪѧֱ棬˶ӾܾġȻõԺǱ𷢳ԼˣղҲҪȥȲ裬ֻǿ̬ȡ
ֱˣҶôô¶ƣⲻֿʼִˣ
㲻ȥǵԱᵽ𣿡
Ҷ˵ͷ
㲻û˳ȥ⿴Ҷ飬İɣҵȻ˭ȥΪ㹻Ʒ
⻰ȥҶɫںÿ˵㣬Ǿܾ˽룺ҵȻҪȥģշҾͲȥˣʱȽˣӰϢҾɡ
Ҷ״룺ҰȥˣҲûз֣ڹ˾ʳóԸͣٹԱ
ֱ߳ѽ⼸û룬˵ͣˣ㲻ֱԸҳ˰ɡ
аɡⱾΪҶѵģû뵽˴Ӧıʲô죬˽һۣȰףǨ֮ϲҲƷѣԣʵǼҳ˸
ʲôԵģҿ°һȥк֮ǰôõĳ˽̣ʵҵˮƽѾܲǿղˣҲ̫ۡ

ҶˣⶼеûʵСҶı仯ô
ʱ嶾еϴˣȻżе㻵Ҳ粻Ȼһϰ岡˽һôỹ˵ļһ


50 
Լĵ˼ֱ⵽⡣
ȵڶ°Ҷι, ԾڸǲסćNɪʲô
ұΪǸС˼, Ķ٤ۻ, Ȼʽģʽģϴ濾, һ, ̨ϻϴ»ͺɻ, ˮˣˮ͵ģ
ԽԽԼ񵽱ˣҷͨ˺ⷿһģˮȫ, ֱǲҪǮһµģҿ£װޱ׼Ҳá
Ҷ黷˵˼䣬ÿϸ, ǷȫŽǷϸһϵж鿴ˡ
׼úٿһ˲ŹԢ, ˼øϸ£Щͷζôõĵ˼䣬ܴëõ⡪
¥ûмظǣҪװһ, һúڲ¡
˲ѽѾȫˣסҲǵԱ߸߶ĿԱǸѧ, бҪ¥ﰲװ𣿡
㿴, ѧͦߵ, ǰ챳ʲ𣿡ҶĲԲѵ, ѧҲ, οԱ, ⲿĿԱҲ˵ԱҲͦӵģһе㵣ģ¥ЩﶼӦͷǡ
˵ɤӣҵֻ㶼УҪΣˣκʱ򶼿Դҵ绰
е飬ǰȷʵҶûʣ˿̣ȫȫһ㲻Ҷˣƽʱյĸ죬΢㵽
ԱĹػֱдϣ˲ŹԢסд绰ڲŽ˼¡
ˣȥ𣿡
Ҷ˵绰ͦȻؿ˽⡣
ΪһЩĿҪϿо£˰Щϣ´̫أȻص¶Ҷûȷʵȥ
ԭҶȥǸľƷУҶǰǰѽǲԶƽ۲˳
ԭϲг񻷾Σɾ˲٣ÿ̯λй̶ͳһװޣһССĸӼ䣬ʵҲܲȻƷлǲܴ
Ͼֻÿ̯λͳһӸ˶ƽ۲˳ǿͨ罵£ûʲôڿյȣȻз磬ÿ̯λǰСϰҲԼӷСȣҲڸǲסżĸζ
ԭ°ȷʵϲ˳·ȥƽ۲˳ˣϾƷḻʣö̯ǸĲũҪǱˡ
ֻǽ죬Ҷȥõ㻷Ĳ˳ġΰ˺ܶæԷ˳ףԼǨ֮ϲżݳһȥƷ˳Ҳûʲô
û뵽Ҷ鵹Լȥƽ۲˳
ô֪в˳ģҪҪȥCBDһĽڳѽ
Ҷ鵹ͦ˽һۣڳԼ۱̫ˣ㣬Ҳˣƽ۳к࣬Ҳˡ
Ҷ龹ȻῼԼ۱ˣ
·֪룬ҶֵЦ£ǰҳˣ֪һڼּжҪҲϲ˷Ǯܵˡ
Ҷһ߽һغһ̯˼ۣȻ൱Ȼ˻ͦټġ
ȻڼּҵȷʵͦϡУҲټɡ
⻹ûڣͼҶ򴽣򶨵ز֪ʲôڼּҵ˿ܲ٣ЩǱȵģѡʵλǲһġ
Ȼ֪ҶǸҸоͦõˣҲû뵽ôôĨԿˡ
Ҷȷʵбɰһ㣬װ㽪ƽ۲˳𿳼ۣҲ˿һѲ˺ĸ߶װƥ䣬Χ˵Ŀ⣬ôȻ⣬ȫ˵ĿýҲϰݡ
·Ǻһ˸гճܰȻ
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ԭǼƻԼԼ͸лҶ飬ȻȴಽҶ˲ˣȻصԱᣬ˾װ׳ӣΧȹʼɱ㡪ģֳԼ˿ˣҪ硣
Щʲôʱѧģ
еEMBAࡣҶͷҲû̧ұǸʦǿѵɱѵһݡ
½ӡһ϶ٶٳ㣬ҶÿӲϰķϴѪŵġ
⵱ʱûжҶѧ˻ʲôܱϣû뵽ҶɱĶֱרҵݣȫ벻ûǰĩ«Ƭְڵ
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˳ԷÿֱӶ֣⻹ǲʵģǰҶϳ˳Լټҳ˵׼
Ȼֻ˳ԷȻǲ䳡Ҫһ⣬ͷֺҶĲĻ
ԳǸĿôĿҿ㾭ֹϵǲ걸ô£
ǸĿûֹҵǩ϶ѰαģǸĿҲϲ걸ҵģʽиĿѡǰ£ðͶǸ
ĿǰеңݽǶȣܸҵһʺϵ棿

˴ӵĿݡҵǰĵϵҵϸⶼû꣬¸ˣȽЩڿȥҶù֭ŻȻֶѾСʱ
Ҷʱܾö꣬û뵽Ҷһ죬ʱ䲻ˣ
Ҷ鵹˳֭Ϣĵڣ̲סЩ棺ôĿ㶼ˣǿЩĿļҪ棿
ЩĿǳĿˡÿһĿ˶ҪдһְļҪ棬Ŀȥ
ΪҶֻ˼Ҫı棬ȻҶȴҡҡͷҶȫݡ
ҶЦ£ǰȷʵֻҪ棬ԼԱԺ֪ҪôܱؾϷŪϰ壬ԻǾȫԼһ飬ҿͶʶһǧϵĿѾһģ֮ٿЩҲˡ
ȻϰżҪһֻ۱һֻۣżҲҪԼȫȨ
̲ס̾ԭˣҶ飬Ŭ
Ҷ˶٣üȻȷʵԹ˾ĿҲ˽ġ
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Ҷ˸ӣȽ浽Цеؿ˿ڣЩȻѰ󡣡
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ƽʱʱѰҶĶ򣬾Ѱ˰Ѻ⿴ǹ
Ὺ𣿡
Ҷ룺Ȼĺ뿪ǲĹ˽ù˽һϽоֹĿƶϸĹ涨ŬžѹեԱĿռ䣬ӸԴϾܶžĲΪ
Ҳݼ֮ǰƶ£ȷʵڹ©Ѱ˶ˮѰȷʵͦƶȵĴֿɵƶ£ĲҲѰˣܱúõԱǣѰ˵ǱĬӰ£־ᶨģҲѰͬˡ
˾õƶܰѻԱҲԼסƶȴúԱҲ仵ƶȸĸ﷽һٽһƽѰȻҸ֮ĿֽŲɾĵطһҪֵġ
Ҷ˵Ц£ҹоǵƶȣĿƵģ˭֣⣬Է˴ָˣѰǰģеȫϹ档
Ѱ£Ҳûͷ޲ܿԼҲǵܵˣ֪ҶǶôǺȷ
һϰȫƾԼϲòչ˾ƶȶǿпĳˣ⴫ľԲǺõѶţֻԱҵûйѭڹѧǴɡ
ҶǳԸѰĳ̶ȣӡ
֮ҲѰôԴ㡣Ҷ˵ܿߣ˿ȣȻ󲹳ͬǡ룬ǡ
һʮָжҶͦõͬʱЩ΢Ĳ̫ˣҶõĶҲ̫˰ɣѵҲôĽ׼
뷨ûлܾãΪҶѾʼһ⡪
ʵͦģ乫˾飬ܾǽһһȵľƻˣܻҪ˷һȥλᡣ
˵ӿЩգνҪȥϧԭԼõ飬ͻȻŤ˽ţһʱҲҲʵˣҪԼһ˳һᱻֳЦˣ˵С˵־ҪԴ˹ǡ
ôУ
ǰǽܵһͬ⣡
֮ǰʱ˵赸Э;ֲȥЩֲҸأǳˣͰʱнǮҲ𣿡
ҶЩհؿ˽һۣǮȻҵξƻܻ漰һЩȦϢܹȽϸߣóȻ֪֪׵˽ȥڱȽϴοȲ˵㣬˵貽ϣԷˮƽߣһҲء
Ļ
룬Щ˼ëԼ㲻ҿȥ
⿴ҶһۣΪǵĹԱ˾ҵͶͬбЭ飬ܱԼҲ㵱һһƻʲô£Ҳ԰æһ貽ϵĻҸѧ衭
˵ԼҲЩˣˣˮƽҪң϶Ҫֿˣˮ׼̫ˡ

⻹û˵꣬ҶʹҾò
ЩȻ侲ʦͽְֽ̳ģĻ⣿
븹̣ǰʱɲ˵ġ
˿̵Ҷ飬Խè輼ǿ϶ȻҪˣҾôȷʵͦʣǾôˣȥμӾƻɡ
µͷ⵹ЩֻͼȰҶ룬Ҷ
ξƻʦǼ𣬽˶ԳԵر𽲾˵иֲϵ֮ӦоУϴرϲܽο϶ҲУϴβͦδ𣿡
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־Ϳʼζ𵱳ζղŽʣĳǰȻ޴棬Ҷ鶼òǻʲôþģ
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Ҷ仰״˽Լ˵Ĳš
ɽҶһۣҵˮƽҲ֪ģ㲻ܳʱ򱻽ֳЦ˹Ұ
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ⲻףԼΪʲôҪȥֵ֣Ҷգ
ҶȴΪΪ⣬ЦݣһҲ֪˸ȽϷḻύŮǸСԸǳƶʣҪǱԶͽ˵仰Է˽´ͷ֣ǣ
ҽ˾ˣҪͶ̥ãڿ϶թƭ˵ΪǸ֮̫ױթƭԲҪָȽϺá
аɡ
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ݴҶȥƷʱ̣͵͵ȹװУȻ󡭡
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˴ȹȫչ˳ʶҶǴǰԴɫȹѡľƺɫȹ
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⸽ɫȹӵƬȻ𼱻ǵظҶ鷢΢ţ
ҶӦиӴг̣ⱾΪôյظշֻȴˡĻظʾ
ֻҶĻشԼࡪ
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üظɫҵʱԴVģ֣ȻҲǺַܽ񣬵̫߹ˣ̫ԸзǵôҾǡżɡǡʵɡ˾òء
ҶĻظܿˡ
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ҵ飬Ҫͱ裬Դɫȹԡ
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ûסҶ⣬Ҷθ˺һŻش𡪡
ΪЩеģ鴩ԸУͻ᲻Ҳǡ
аɡ
ʵϴξֵľƻ󣬽ⷢ־ƻǳ棬ĶͷʶͦߣʱһβμӾƻᣬ֮ϸ۲ʵҶĵȫˣμӻŮ߹ܺҵҲд൱ԸеģȫûΪ˱˿
ҶˣǶ̫Ӻˣ


51 
ҶΪ൱æ, ҲΪڳԪҵķͨһҪ׼עŵ˹ϡ
˵ڶٴڲĿϣѰΪȻǰǰ, Ҷʱ޲øҶλҡ
ѰȻûʶ⽫ҲԵĻᡣ
Ҷ鶯ܴѰвȻսս, ߲㶼ٱ, ѰҲ൱Ҷûڸ߲ڶվ, ֮ǰôҲй, Ѱ˵ЩģԼľƻȶ
ѰѳĿ, ⾭ֹĿȻЩϻ߱ĵط覴úġ¹ѻ, ҶҪһĿĿҲΪѰͦţĿĿô࣬ҶϰҲװװ, пܶùοûĿɹˣ֪ʵʱ壬Ҷֻӣܿóʲô
òԼһвܽӴҶ飬Ѱî㾢úñֵġ
ҶͿһ۽⣺ŸʲôϽҶܵ裿
Ѱǹǰûý˲赹ˮ, Ҫľһ̡Ҷ鿴Լ쵼ϸ΢, Ҷǰô½ж, չԼҶһµվ, һʯõúܣ
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ϣҵĻ飬ǵл飬˶ܰٷ֮Ͷ룬κδŵ鷢
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ѰԼǵٳӺ⣬ȻûҶԽŭȴҶѵԼ
Ժ˭ǲ¼Ա˲赹ˮôȲ֣͸ԼֱֵĻø
Ҷ鳤ͦã˿̸ѰһۣѰŸʲô谡ǰֵıᣬˡ

ѰҲûϵʲôչ޶˱ҶһΣҲֻûβ͸Ҷ鵹˲衣
⾹Ȼû꣬Ҷ鿴һۣ

ҶЦЦôֻһ˵أôλˣܺ˱ˣϲˣҵˣǰǱˣɱûģô룿Ҳᣬǰֱ֡
Ҷ˵˶٣ȻЦˣϾˣµղƶȣЩĿԱŸֵĲƸ룬ԺҲҪʹദá

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Ѱû취ԼӲͷƤÿ˶˲裬ϵҶƺźͻ
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ԭΪԼĽѾͷȴû뵽һɽٵĿʼ
Ѱһǰĳ۳ĿΪʲôǵͶЭͳ۳ĿƱĶԲϣǧٿ飿
ǰMaxĿΪʲôĿһŲ÷ѷ-Ʊ
ǰZ-funĿĿҵԷȫǴһĿֱճƵģҳڶһĿֶ˸ģѰĹ˿ǣ㲻֪word滻ֱհĿĳҲȫס

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㾭ֹĿ̫ˣֻڻʾһҵһExcel񣬰Ŀⶼг
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ϧҶȫûˣԴѰҿĿھ˺;ûݵֻ֣Ѱһ˵֡
ЩĿȷʵݵģҲдģѰְֻλƣհЩĿǿռΪгΪԼKPIΪѹԼֵԱгͷ֮գѰĿӲԱ
һֻû뵽гһվȻΪ˷˳
ҶЦؿǩ㻹벻ϣ˦ˣֽôģ㻹ּ
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ѰԭֻǴֻû뵽Ҷ鵹ǵ˵ͷҲҪģȷʵ
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տۡҶޱһƶȣȻʽԺԺ²ãûǰƶҲһʹ

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ļ֣ҾٴĿҲûдԪôõĿ
ĿҪĺĲ֮һеĿҪǲɸѡϣÿһˣȡʱϰ۹жδ׼ȷǲһĿˣܱиרҵҵ֪ʶ϶еĿϣҲһרҵ֪ʶ˵ҡ

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һϰ࣬ڿڴ򿨻ʱĿţͼվڲŴſڡ
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ôϣ϶ûü緹ɣЦˣȥԣҸϵϵײ͡
ЩɣܾѰʲôУȻߵ칫Ϸʢײͣŷ˵ľȻ滰
Ѱذһײͷŵϣȳԣȳԡ

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ҶǸɱӺѰϳĻ飬ѰʶҶһиĸﶼǶģҲҺаԵˣڲαؿʼԸͬ꺮ů
ѽݣϴβ˵ǰ¹æûͬ⣬쿴ŹУ߾ЩҪδĹģء
Сţϴ㷢ʼȷʵԼ©ˣ㣬ΪϴǸԷʲôʲô㣡

⿴Ѱصίߣͼذ
ɰͰ͵ЦţհλղǷģ⽱Ҫõˣ10%ҵŽѣǰĲõĵطǶԺʲôۻһҶܵĽ̻壬Ϊ쵼һǰ棡
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ȻյĸŬˣԪķͶʼƻõ׼󣬽⼸ͣƽء
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һ·նķõ˲˵ϿɣƽʱģʽɹҶ飬Ȼˬ׼һ³Եķ
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˽һۣҶмٹ˽Ĳ档

ҶɤӣǲΪԼֲеرĸ飬ӺǸʲôѧʶЯȻ֪Կ϶ǺõģҿǸѧоͦĻӣ㱻ƭ˵ǹʹ
֣᲻ᣬ뷨ģҲǹ̲ը꣬Ǳ̽һЩʽ鹫˾Ҳûʽ϶˵ӱЩ̲ը̶꣬СҲʳߣʱҲûУǵӪû̫档
ֲĸͺӱģʽҲǻ˴ܾõģͦõġ
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Ҷ飬˵ĿֶԴڲäĿʱȣЩĳˣͦõģÿ˶вͬŵ㣬ѧȫͬԸµˣѧϸ΢ĵطϸ¡
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û˵꣬Ҷ͸ܾƵĴҪֻôʮԱҵȻҲܼǵǵա
ûҶ飬ѧǵգҲǵÿԱļɿںϲãֻǵСܵģÿʵϰĶǵã˵˾ʲôܼס
˵̲ס˷Լİͳһɿ㿴ζɿ򵽣СʱǳϲζҰǰ˵һ䣬Լѧ˵ʱ˸ң˵ǰȥһϽÿУϲԣˡ
һ߽һ̲סװҧ˿ɿ¶˳ϲζĿ֣̲סؿҶһۣҲϸµĻҲ̫ãҾ㣬һǰҺ˵ʲô㻹ǵ𣿡

Ҷ鿴ͦ뷴ȷʵǵˣֻ촽Ȼɵ˷ɿת˻⣬˹ϣʼһδƹģʽ
ⱾΪֻǸСҶֻǺʤͻȻʹȻȻڶһ磬Լİ칫Ϸһӡ
ںͽùϵѰһĵ˹֪ǲҶ㿴Ĳϣģ⽻
ȻѾ⵽ƶȵĶѰѾ࣬̽ͷ̽ԵǸӣЩģ²ʲôĿıܲϰɣҶܲ뻤㣬ָҪԴ򿪣һǱ˿ԺĿغ
Ѱ˵һͼôģСҪסн죬ȷʵΪҶܵһʱĻԵҶܿŵڸôŴףҲҲͶܣܷݱĿȥҶǰ֡
Ѱ˵һѣּȷ
ָɻڴ󣬻ܴһء
ҲΪѰϴ̫࣬ڴ֮ǰҲΪװҶԼʲôĿԴ
ʵҪҶԴбԲԱƽȻһ߻ӵװһĲ֪ΪʲôЩصĸˡ
ӱҶԴ֪ӦҪ̲סġ
ڿǰ˸ҪǳĿԴͲϣһҪҶ飬ˣĲҪ
ڽź΢ļдӣȻ󿴵ˡ
һӵɿ
ͳһԼûǰųϲ֡
ҶԼһɿ
⣬ѰΪˣ̲סǰϲɿߣ·ƶɿ²ŻܴĿļһȻٵضĵһ˺ü㣬ɿ滹ɿ
ɿʵĵڣֻˣɿ˵绰
Ҷ侲յ𣿡
Ϊ̬̫ׯ࣬ⶼ㱾ǴԼ̸ʲô¡
ûĻشҶ˿ȣȻһ˿Ȼѷˣ칫Ǹӣûյ𣿡
Ż񣺡յ˵ġһɿ𣿡
Ҷָֻ˸ղŵ򶨣յͺãû£ҹˡ
ȵȡɻסҶ飬ΪʲôͻȻһɿ
ûʲôҶǳȻֻģ㲻˵𣿸ûе£ϲζ򵽣㿴һһ䣬ѧŸһ˰ɣСǴɡ

ûʲôµĻҹˡҶЦ£ǹ״ɹʵæµûʲôʱɧűҵ绰ġ

ֱ绰Ҷϣ⻹еûʵС
ҶԵĵ⣬õļƺ̫ýˣϾҶľ֣ѵ
ѵǳԴף
ܿ죬־òǡ
ҶϲԼ
ǸͨˣСûйʣҸо˵Աϸ룬ƽԼʲôر˵ĵطأ
ԣҲΪƽʱġܡű׵ģصʱգԽһѧӦģԼչмӶѣôûбʾ
ӺСʱ֪ļʵҲ֪ŵԵҪԣ֪Ҫ˲ŻøһЩ
Ϊ磬ûôҹĹ£Ҳûôȸ֦ͷ˵Ĵ棬ѧرμţҲԼûǮҲĪԼĺˡ
̻ὪľǲȥڴֻҪԼʵԼôμ磬ôҪĳЩͿԼûͷһŬȥ
ƶʱ򣬵ͷ·̧ͷǿոʡ
ҶԣǱңԶݳƷ
ԼǲҪĺá
ҶܺãʱǮӵһкõĶ⼸ʲôҲûУҶ鲢ФĶ
һѣʧȥʱͲôˡ
˦˦Ժ߰ͷЩƵزɿװݺݵҧһڡ
ҶʳԻͻȻĲġ


52 
Ϊ΢̰, ҶôһԼԵɿһ񣬾ͳԶˡ
ʶʱ, ѾǾƻǰһˡȻûֺܶ࣬Ҷ׼ɫȹΪ̰ԣнôһ㡣
岢ӰЧ, ؿ΢ôһ, ڱΪȹڱͳԵʣܾؿڵķƺһ㡣
˿, ո, ̸о֮ǰûˡ
ƻĵַЩԶڶ, Ѱ˼٣ỻȹӣڷȴҶӡ
Ҷò粻, ȻĳҶ͵ݸһžͺܰĺ, , ŷһͬ
¡
Ҷȴ, ûп⣬ֱǰǳȻϡ
˵꣬ſ˽һ, Ȼɿƿߣȹ̫, Ҫ鱦׺һ, 
û, 
Ҳ̫˰ɡ֪鱦ļ۸ҶݸԼף¿ƷƷҴϻҪģһ˵һûעˣǡ
ġҶ򴽣Ҳⶫãģˡ
Ҳ̫ˣ
ǲУ̫ˣĲա
͸ˣ㲻ҪҡҶе㲻̫ĵӣݺݵضŽ⿴˼룬űʲôƵĿ˿ڣοǲǺ𣿺֮˵ҪܶǮѾֵĶֲҶѵӡ
Ƴ˽һۣ㲻վǲңҵĺѡ

ڱϣڷԼȷʵҶĶ֣ôһ鱦֮ǾȰ಻Ⱦƻ˵ʲôҲҪҶġ
**
ֵľƻƽʱʱкܶͬ㣬ҲһЩͬкóԵܽиóԵġ
ԣȻһԼΪݶģǰݼȴֵԼΪٻӰ쵽ҶԼȹ΢Щֻ۰Ͱ͵ؿЩ˵Ʒ͡
ΪԼαװúܺã൱ׯҶȻԸи޵裬Ҷ鵹ǲ˸ƷȻٵ˽ǰ

԰ҶάͶι̬侲Ӧ˽ɻɤӣֿˣѾڿˣٲԣǵ˻ˡ
ʱձ任˵ٴζԵΪҲ·ڤڤ֮еˡ
ⱻҶţֻһʱ֮Щ٣Ҷ˵Ҳܸܵ޵ߡ
߸׼ȷ˵Ҷ볡ʼв̽Ŀ⿪ʼΧŽתˡɷϣҶͦУǲС볡ʼиַŮͼҶˣÿһΣҶ鶼òؾܾˡ
˼ҽŮ飬һҪϤһ»

ȻղŻһܾ˵ڽǰŸƷ
ȻڴߴٽԣҶﲢûвͷ
֪ԼӦôҶùСӣȻԼƷͽȻ˵ƷͱҶͽ
ԵһҬ̶ȻͽղŶ࿴۵âĽ˹Լ߳ܽ
ȽҶж꣬ŷȫ޿ҶĶζĿ⣬ûﻹ͵͵ҶιԶƬ
˽źֻһľţַӦΪ˼Ȼ˵е㽵͸𣿸һĻƴԵģҲع鵽ԼˣղӱĵǲǶӰͦģ
Ҷ鵹ǲΪ⣺ҵ𣿸֮䵱Ȼѡ壬ûԶɡƿߣͦ򶨵ӣҲͶұϾǰҲͦõҡ
Ҷ鿴ʲô뽲Ȼܿ죬ֵ
Ҷ飬ôҲҴкһʲôأ
Һ㳣бҪÿٴк𣿡Ҷ˽֣ɤӣЦ£ʲôһʲôҲһˣҴŮ顣
⻰Ȼ˽ֵĺģҶȥȻ󿴼˽⡣
ЩţǳЦЦʱգ⻹һμ֡
ִۣ˽һۣȻҶ飬¶ɫŮ۹ͦ
Ҷ鿴̫ˣǻش˽֣ǡ򴽣ܲģǺáѡ
֡ŶһȻܿϷʵЦݣˣϴκ£پϸڷ̸̸㷽һͶˣʶһ¡
ˣҶ鿴˽һۣȻѹһ˱ܣңҾ
ʲô˵ֱ˻ȥֻǸûҶջǱﲻס߻˽ߣֵľƻԱҲͦӵģЩ߰ڨ㻹Ǳ־裬ٺ䣬Ҳ֪ʲôˣǲͼ׳ʲôǵϢ
Ƚɵص˵ͷҶǲĵϸһˡ
Ҷ뷨ҲǣΪһûͱ˴ڨ졣
ȻȷʵҶŮѣָղѯʱҶѸٶնķϣýЩܣҶʱɫǲ˵ġ
ϸ˵ⲢûܵҶ飬ȷʵʲôҲǣѣ϶ΪǶõƽʱվΪӴѣɱҶּеطϣǻѹ
ҶݵλˣԼΪŮѣԶǲܴܽܵɡ
õĽҶܶԼòǲԼΪͬȵλ˵İɡԲŻᷴôУɫôÿ
뵽Щֻʵĳӣȿɬ̡˺ûа취ס̰֪ȥФģ֪ԼģȴҪȥ롣
һС˿ǰҲʳȴһҲٳԶˡ
**
ҶǰСʱģžýⱣصĲԽûƺ൱⣬Ҳʰ̧ͷҶ¶Ц
ҲǡǴʱڵ˽־ƻͷϷˡ
ҶŽ۾ʿس֡
ûǰű˼еرҥŮѵݣȻȴ֣Ŵ˿ֻԼҶ飬ǻ᲻ؽš
ղֻӺ񷢽ͱ˳ζˮǴ˵࣬ȻֿʼðݣýԶ궯Ҳɱؿʼڹ
Ȼ֪ǴǰʱɵĬҶ鼫̶ȵϺͰݣ㽪Ĳɣ֧ȴ޿ָժ
ҶͶ룬۾ȫ̶ΪĽ⡣
ıѣͶ֮価Ƿ
ĺ˧貽ΰҶ˧·Ŵһٱֲɱ֫ӴҪƣȻһĻ˽ģһкҶӴƤ·𶼱ö
ǰ˵÷ǳǳã֡պĹע£˲ĸоЩϷȾһ赸
Ҷ鿴·ڿԼİ£ִ
⼸޷мĿ⣬̲ס̡
һ֧裬ΪҶ飬ýⲻòĲɵȫͶ롣
Ҷ·ħʿ֣̲סİԼνϷ
һֻ֧мӣҲǽԷԼεʱ䡣
ҶȻƿߣ˲Զûͽ˵ʲôȺһβƣƺڵϷָ˿òҶ飬³Ž

õһΡ
Ȼʮս٣ϵĺȹӦõġ
뵽Щ;ѹ
룬ûƽʱͺˣûһУôͲҶϤҲ֪ҶͻƢദ⣬Ҳ㹻Ĺܺͱ£֪Ҷɵɰһ棬ҲͲҶˡ
Ǹʹϰͺˡ
ΪԼͲѹˡ
**
ΪһˣԼ൱óֻ̬û뵽ԼոհǷݲʱ˵ѹߣ͸һش
ƻڶ糿⻻ͨƽͨװһ򿨽Ŀͼͬ¶ԼĹλϣǴԴһһ߿ʲôʲô
ⶨһӲȺſУҺͬǴһƬȻʲô
ڿʲôʲôرǱĿ
صذ˰֣˸ꡱƣʲôĿҶܵŮѣ
һʱ֮䶼ûӦҶŮѣҶʲôʱŮѣ
ȴûи˼ʱ䣬üɫԵҶҲ̫ˣȻö㶨ˣҪ֪õ߰һ۷壬ϾԼ׵ֹ˾ԴõӰӰ󶼸䡣
ԼֵרҵܴտʱȫУһĳɼȥģֳһŸ߼ԺǿɴģĻõըҶʵĽݼȻֶˡ
ֿȵĺˣֹ˾ǧ𣬽ڻݵĴƬӳڱȶȶǰǲôעϢĽ⣬൱Ϥ
ԹȻԶͨİã༸ͬҲ̲ס
һͦϲõģҶȢϰǲлǿпҵǩ𣿡
вŮòһûһСǣҴҵģҶȫŵԣ˵óӢͷԻļ𣬰Ҳٰٰٰܶ࣬ûвóģСǹģֱԼһҹȦҵԱۺʡ
һλͬȻúܹעǵ̨ĹԱ֮ǰΪӰϹѼ̨գȻòֺܸŮøҲʣǺܹ㿴˾;úԼһģǿűعƬöҶЦú𰡣ԾеСŮ
Դ֮ԱǣǵȻòҶЦѵЦҶܺһһԣϣ޳ܽ飬شãһ㰴ÿԱսҪ෢ָòͷġ
Խ˵ϵԽǰ¶أ֪Ҷܴ飬ܾܲͰѽҵҵһʹˡ

ͬǻۣȴĸӣûдչȥĻԼλȻ͵͵شֻ
#ع#͹ϣֱӱ͸˽⡣
ҧ촽ܵ㿪Ȼ󿴵Ƭ
Ƭõ棬ǳЦ۾ģһţȷʵƽĸȫһ£ǸŮ۾·ǹ⣬Ŷˡ
ֻҪѭƬõĿ⣬ܿҶĲȻı飬ȻҶ΢΢ЦŵĴȴܿ÷Ҳᣬѭõ߻ؿ
ʵ˲ûܾٶȻ˴˵ȷʵҲѹֱ϶ع⡣
ԡҶ
ⶢƬõ뵽õļȷʵͬ˵ŵԵƥ䡣
վҶߣȷʵԼվҶĿˡ
ѹ룬ԼҪǱĵҶվһ飬ҲܱΪع⣬Ҷ֡
ϵСգط֣ƽʱĽܷ·һΣعͨֵģҲְ˵Ϣˡ
ڴȱľǶԸܡ
˿ݵʱ¥Ҷ黹ڿһ飬ͰѾƻʱҶı·źãȻݸҶ
ǵðֽҶܡ
˹ص鱦˿ֻǼ̶ģǿĸܡԼն˺Ҷ֮еϵ
˺ҶӦúԼཻ̫˰ɡ
οѾŮѡ
һߺ˼ţһŵ£Ҷĵ绰ճߵſʱġ
˵̫ˣ˵Ϊʲôҡ
סװȻΪ̫ˣѣҲôصĶ
˶٣׻ûסο㲻ŮᣬǸ鲻̫á
ҶԵ㶣˵ãҲѣҺ
ȻҶһ𼸺ѳɶ֣⻹ûа취Ҷ׿ڸ֪һϢǲҶ˵ʹ˶ԷȻɵףĺ䣬ҿֵ£ͶƱңңȣѾCPˡ
ֻǽû뵽ԼףȥҶȴûԵúܸˣ˺˵л绰ͷ˳Ĭ˺ܾãʲô׷ʵľǺ䣿ŮѺܺã
š⾡ƽǵģǺ䡣
Ҳ֪Ϊ˵Լ˵ˣһװһжܺõӣŵԻͦҪģһкܶ๲ͬͰÿģϣ޳Ѱǽ顮¡ء
Ҷһֱû˵˺ܾãõΪǲźŲͨжˣٴ˵
⣬ӦϲŮϲʲô
㶣ҶЦ£ɵӣʶ˶࣬ϲʲôģкʵģһ⡣
Ҷȷʵܺģȴѹˡ
ѵܵİ˲ŸԼҲܼ׵ˡ
ˡɵ⼸궼ȷչչҵû뷨ϾòǵƶȶˣҪǲúóⲨŬŬԲôõĹĳɹʿȥ̸ְ˻Ŭ
Ҷǻ黹ûȻͨ绰ȻｪĴߴ١
ȻҶû˵ʲôͽȻ˵绰
ֻǽⲻ֪ǣҶϵ绰ɫ൱ѿ
վһߣЩսսģҶܣЪʮѾˣǷ
СҲ֪Լϰں˭绰·˵£ϰҲǳºͣȻ绰Ƕ˵˲֪Լϰ˵ЩʱϵıжͲ졣
飬㲻òμˡ
С췢ˣѵǱˣȻҶƢöǼԼӦһνĻ
ܿ죬ҶĻС˿
ȥŽ⡣
Ȼɻ󣬵ȿɺöˣ
СõҶܣ
Ҷ˿ȣҲжţ߿ʱò㣬˵ĿǱ߽˺üĿеæȥæ֣˳ҲǰҶһĿչʱ㱨
СһۣŷزΪǼĿҪ˺ͶԽˣ⼸ĿʱпܿᣬҲʱܻҪһЩϢԽĶҲҪעһ¡
õĺõģҶܣû⣡
СȻǳȻ˼ʹϵ֮΢仯ǳС
ԼɻŽû⣬ǽԼϰ֮϶⣡
ⲻƭҶܵǮ̣Ҷܵĸ飡


53 
Զ¥һ֪, Ҷ绰ʱһжݵôƵᣬȻһ磬᲻, ҶҪʱĿ, ԻеͶ, Ҫԡ
Ҷ¥, ʾΪ˸л֮ǰԼ㣬û£æ˳ְ̼⡣
Լ˼͵С̸, ʱŵģֱ°࣬һˡ
Щۣת뷨óֻˢˢȦ
Ȼ˵Եġ
ûжɿֻ˵ֻԼطƬһƬŮֻʮָ۵, ڶ¶Իһ, ԵŮ򽿵εֺߵؿļͷ
һ֮, Ҷ̸, Ҳ̸ˡ
˵Ǽٵ, ϾûǰһʱգԻһ̶سԼס
Ȼ˶ԱȲзֱ, , ̸֪͵֪Ҷ̸, ĸȫͬġ
ҶʹѰԵûС
ҶԼ˵ȷʵȫͬġ
һֱ֣ûȥʶȻѾ̫ˡ
ҶѾŮˣԼȥŬһѵĻҲûˡ
촽㿪˵ʱΪְֲȺ߹ȻȻŵԺŮѵ¡
ѧŮѿź찡ǲǡǲǸеʲôڼҵģҿϺСڰ
֪ڼҵСŮϰĶǶ׸òá
ۣϲϲǶԵòУ
ôѽŵԣǵںǺֲľкöͶʷǺв뿪ֲ˵ģĴҵ԰Ҳ̸ºǵ
ѽЩ̳мҵĶǿˣϰǰԼҵڷ˼⾫׼ذֲĴ˾˵δϰΪĴ⣬رϰ壬һȥʶˣű˴ͨˡ

涼һЩϲıҲû̫ٿˡ
ͻȻʶҶ齲ĻǶԵġ
ƽʱĵΪʲôԼףΪԼҵгɵĽܣõϿɵĿƥݣص˵£Լ±ͨĸĸڼҾͨ޷޳Ľ⣬ԶԼȻûˡ
˵ĸƽյб̫̫ĺأΪˣһжòô⡣
ȻõǸˣȷʵһʵĺˣȻڳҲѾܿɹ
ҲȺ﷢ףȻĶЩɥ
ŵԡ
ĸַ·һɽѹڽļ䣬ҶŵԣŵԣԼ˵Ҷ飬뵥ԣʮңԶľ롣
ԶѡԼôҶأ
ͻȻͽ˹ȵס
ȻйԼæµתעԼҴߵҩ
Ӵ˼ĿҶʣµʱһжϡƽֱ°ʱⱻסˡ
СһԸɣ
ܾͼæɳأģǿãԿõвĿѼܺãҶԤԼѼˣ
ⱾȥȻΪˡ֤סóԤţϴҶܷ˹Ŀ浵ָ˺ܶ⣬ҪġҲ֪治ĿʵģֻΪϼǩ˸֣ոңҪҾģҲеΪˣ㿴ҪǳԸúðĿһԣ
һе㲻˼ܾˣһ˵һҶƶȷ񶾴һ񱻱ƣÿϲͶԲˣṩְ칫СʳݵSPAȯһһŷַˡ
Ǻðɡ
**
ֻǽû뵽Լջǵ͹ѰƷ
εȷʵԼ˿óԿѼͬѰͶȥޱĿ⡣
ԳԡѰͦ˷緶ùظвˣһ߽͵ģϵȻҪ̸ģ̸ˣ˻졣
ԴϴμԺ󣬾Ͳ跹˼ģæһƱСأż㣬οĿþƵԱڿвԷܴۣǰԤԼѼ
ԼȻѰڴȹˣаΪаų̶ȹߣѶȹ󣬿¾ǿЩƶкһ£Զܴ
ĿûԱء
˭ǸĻԱˣĸ̵룬ԼǸվԱأ
Ǳǰ䴦ˣһμʶ˺ࣺܶСͨˣڵҶںֻ̤̤ʵʵҸ˰㿴ҪҲģҪǴ
һӪҵ磺˿ƽʱŵ㣬Ҵˣͻᷢһŵˣҹ˼ҡڼ󡢲ҸŮϵԲͱŮϸʲôۣҶǵģرӣһȫλ㣬Ķ˽췢ʲôˣҶ΢ػ
ڼΪ١
ҸŮϵΪû˻
ȫλǿǿǿ
˵ԼҶŲԣɽ⻹ǾãԼôãҲ䵽ӡ
뿪ίܾ;Լˡ
ҲˣҲˣҲ㣬ҾһӣԺÿܴһιӣ㿴Ҳ˷ʱ䣬ҶԿˣҪӦˣپˣҪӦǵAAģ͸Ҹ׼ţһ仰вС
С
û뵽Լûüڣ˵˴𰸡
̧ͷѭȥŷ־ȻҶ飬Щ糾ͣǸոϹŷǳʽװܹɫЩ΢΢ĳ죬Ҳ˵㱼ܺ΢Ϣ
˿˽һۣȻתѰٷˣѾǮˡⲻһòҪپ
Ҷ˵꣬Ҳ˵Ļᣬ˽֣Ȼ˴˲
ֱӺⱻҶһ¥ĴЩãȻ
ҸĿʲô㿴ܼӡ
ҵȻܼ
Ҷͳ˽ۣûס˵ûȤôѰֶӡ
ҶѰֶӴźݼڣ൱Ѱֶʲôû㿴ô࣬ҲҰͷҿҲ̫࣬ٹҪкˣһ˵ˣûжˡ
ѰҳģԸǱƷǲѰǿ׵ģ´Ѱٷ㣬İҪ˵
һ죬ﶼЩƵģҶһۣͻȻЩ
ҶԼ̸ˣԼʲôף
ʲô°
Ҳ°ʱ䣬ʵʲôҲú㱨ģҽʲôѣδʲô׽飬ʵҲҪ㶼ģѰֶҿ϶һ𣬵δҺԼŵԵġ
Ҷƽʱջ󣬾;ԼʱͣԼ뵽һ׾ӵķʽԽãȻֲѹΪⲻϲϣԼóȻ׺󣬽Ϊλģѡ뿪ǣ㱻ܾÿ칤ܿҶ鶼һĪˡ
ֻ߶ŵԵӣʵҶ̫ɺˣ׾ףԼһʱһҶ
̸͸ҵֲǲһͬУŵԶң䲻ǰǶ̬ȲҶˣе°࿼ԶˣȻʱձˣҲеµı׼ϸҪԼĲˣ
ǸѧƽʱףҲû˼㲻ؿǹǲǸһλᣬʼ𣿡
ôҾʲôûˣ͸ҷѿ˵ѡ
ҶǻһӵԹȴԴһƬ£Ҷ·˵ʲôˣֻüΪ߶¿ϵ촽
õĴȫǺõĹͨȻͻȻֿؿ
Щѣ˵ҡ
ϲ㣬𣿡
ҶŴ˵׵ĻӼֱծһƴ
Ҳ˵ʲôֻҵֻϲ˭ܡ
𾪵˵ֻĿİͰѯʵ㲻Ǻá
ҺøûʲôԶáҶͳ˵ֱӺ޲ףǰúϡ
ŮĿҪǶҵе˼Ӧ׷ʵô¡ʲôϵʶˡǲ׵ģһûЩֱӾǹϲҡ

ҶԼ͵ģɽĴˣԼԳ尡
û˼һͣԵûȤԼ𣿡ҶƵģҲģҪҺѣһôû˼ʱǿбףҲû
ļ¶ţڡ
ҪĹ̸㣬ĺѣ̸һ죬Ҳѹ˵ҪæҵѰܰƭףһ
ƽʱһƵҶ飬Ҳ¶Щ΢Ľţ֮ҪŵԣҲԿңҪǾˣϲ㣬ҵ£ܲҲùܡ
ֱе㲻֪ôظںұ𣿡

ײӦһ׷һһİ𣿲Ӧ̬ǫҶôôֱ׳
Ϊֱ̫׳ˣڽûӦǱףЩ㶵ؿҶ顣
ԾɲģֻЩʣҺ̸ŵԡ
ô̸ˣ
а˿鸹Ϣ̲ơһ΢СϺһ湤пɡס˫׾ڡ޼Ŵ޲Ⱥá࡭㲻ŵˣ
Щסˡ
ΪԼҶ鲻ŵҪԼҶ飬װ׵ĸˣȻû뵽ҶԺŵĸ֣ȴԼ䲻Ͻ⡣
Ǳɬ֭˲䱻˷ۣԭʵĿɬڷ۵ĵ£ζĽƷ
ԭҶġ
ǵԣҲûļ
׼Ȼҵѣǲԡ
˵仰ʱҶҲǽŵģȻɫȴ̹Ͽҵġ
ûлشҲЩִٺˣȻɤӣҲ֪˵ഺܱҲˣٹ͸ֵˣҪǾһУǿԣǲھԣϾһһϣһһ֣ץסڣӵֵ껪ҡ
ңһ˶¸ˣһŮĻ߳ʲô
ȻҶͻĶ൱Լ޴룬Ȼۺ񡭡
Ȿһžתƻˣʲôа˵ʲô˱ֵôᣬ굽ʮǻƽҵʱȽϱ𡭡
Ǹʱգѧе£ҵ˼뱻еݱˣ뷨ʲô⣿

ͬⲻͬ⣿
һµ˻ɵ£ĸеѵôΪ潡ģ
һƣõҶ׵һɲǣǴ𾪵ȸԾģȻִܿίɻָӵ
ҶϲԼ
ңԼʹӦǲһҲ̫ˣ
̲סɣıźܼеӣû׷Ұ
⻰ȥҶ¶ˡ족ı飺û׷׷Ļ𣿡

˿ˣüģǻ˻ſסҸرᵥ˼䣬ңΪ㰲װأųԼҲҪȥƻᣬ˽鱦ƽʱҽںһͨĿʰѰô࣬˵û׷
רΪҡ
Ȼ㲻ſʣͬﻹ˭뵽ģһ۸㵫Ҫȥھס￴֪ǵǲסģװ޼ҵǲһ
Ҷ˵ҲЩˣܼôµģѵҵʱİʾҵ˼ǣһҪõõʶ˭ĸ
ܼȷʵʶĸˡ
Ҷ¶ı飺˵ͦ軨׷ҵĹͶȥͿ
ǰҰҵʱʵͶҡ
ҶҲ̹Ȼˣ˵ͷǵȻȻΪһ԰Ѱң
Ϊϰе£ˡ
⻰û˵꣬ͱҶˣ⣬Ϊҵб仯Ϊȥѧϰе£
е²ұá
˵۾רעضŽ⣬һһٻᶨؼ
ϲұá


54 
һ, ӱ׵ڶά򶨵Ľ⣬ͻȻúҲû취ڲԼ˿̵ˡ
÷ɿ죬쵽⻳·˶, ɫ첻֪ؿҶ, ں֪˱׵ʵС
Ķ΢΢߳˺ҶĿҲ޷ֱˡ
Ȼ⻹ЩţΪʲôϲң
һҪڿôｲ𣿡
ŶŶ, е㳳ǰɡ
ǳ⣬Ĵƪ̫վڴｲʵڲʡҶ˵״Ȼǣ˽֣ǻط
Ⲣ˵һǣ֣Ȼһνȴñһθ࣬ļ¶΢, ҶҲһΪô侲, ȴҲ΢΢⡣
Ҳڽš
Ȼ, Ҷ黹ľӢģѽ˿õĿ
ϺҶĬƬ, ſ˿ڣϲҲûرɡ

Ҷ´Ϊϵÿһ㣬Ҷͦõ, Ҳκ, Щһÿɰһɱ, Ҿͻô
ȷʵ̸û, Ҳûа취ܾȷʲôϲʲôĺ, ƯҶĸܣֻ֪һ㣬ʶԼȥǸˣҲжȥı䡣
͹ȥʮɵϰߺͻëȥıԼԸƫִһ棬ʵѣΪ㣬ԸȥģҲĸıԼʹ࣬ȻȻȻͷԼѾôı仯
һҶ֮¡еһϵҲûС
⣬ֻ֪ʱô任͹ôĶҸı䣬ϲԡ
Ϊϲ㣬ãϲӡ
˵ɣҲ֪ôش⣬ĸоӦϸϲɡ
Ҷ۾׶רעҲӦû̸˵ҲϲĸܣǷǶ֣Ҳ״̬ȻҲܵǺѣ˵ңЩطܻͦңǲһ¡
ҶͻԽ⣬Ҳϲһ𣿡
Ҷ࣬ıףԼûʲô˼Ҳᱻƻ󣬸˵ĶҶ鱾Ҳô㲻ͼˡ
˭ס
˿ȣװ򶨵ǿԡͻȻһ¡
һԡ֣¶˲εϲãʵʲô
ô֪ڿúѰԷû㷢κϢ˵
ҶЩεģȻȻǿ򶨵ҵġ

ȥæģһ㱨١
ֶԱ൱֣£ڶ࣬ȻǸҵ̸ֳˣҶ⻰˵꣬Щ̲סЦ
ʲôŰҿ߰ɡָɣ˵㲻ԾĽҶ飬̸пɣ֪ƶʵǲе²İɣ
ҶҲûӲҲƶʣ
߼൱ܣлûʧⲻϣϡ

ҶߵΪûкȷϵҲŻĵŻʱ̲֪ϢҪӦһˣڶŮѵΣҲȥ㡣
аɡе°йģ˲١
ڿʼҾԻ㣬ϾղѾӦŮˡ˵ҶԼû֣ٶÿһ㣬ƺеضιϵЧһ֮Ǳ߻ҥԲκί
˽һۣеǴӽ쿪ʼҶҲпŮˣһеEMBA֤飬ɹϰˡ
Ҷ鿴ͦӦ֮ǰǸƽʱյģϷô졭
һСײ˵ļģģԵĻᣬһŬԽԽϲҵģΪұȷʵǺˡ
ıסЦˣҶɰеɣ̲סĶ
ҵǶ߹ܵʱô̸ȴȫ෴桪Щëꡢ׾
Ҳϡ
ŽⶼȾҪø¸
Ҷ鶼ʲôŵԣԼִЩʲôֻҪԼҲŬΪϲȥԽԽ㣬һ첻ǿԺҶȼ
Ҷ鿴ᣬĿҲ˸
㲻Ŭˡ
Ҷ㶡
򴽣һëǰϰʱûĥңһͻ
ŽĻҶɫԵĻˣ㲻˵ƽʱվͱ𣿡
ûУ˵˼ٻû
Ҫôܽ
⳯Ҷ鹴˹ָͷչ
Ҷ鲻ԹԵشչ׼ᣬٵҶһڡ
ֻȻǽȶҶ顰֡ģȻȫ˷Ҳ
Ҷ㶣̶ûȾϲĿ⿴˽⡣
㲻ˡⱻĿŪòòƿߣҲԾһԺŮ㡣
ҶȴڷӦ˹¶ǳЦ⣬ѭѭյΪʲôҲŬˣ
ôôţԼ벻֪ˣ
ЩȻصһҶ顣
⣬Ҳϲǲǣ
ⲻ̫˼ɿת˻⣺Ɑζͦõġ
ϧҶ͸һϿʼظͬ⣬ֱ˴𰸡
ǣϲ㣬˰ɡ
Цˣˡ
Ȼܿ죬¶ί֪ףǻһ㵹װͦõģŶһ˼ҲûС
⻹һˣ
˲Ӧ׷㻹ң
ʣҶ龹Ȼ侲ػˣͦԹޣұеϴˣǸʦÿϿζҪȸһٱ飬˲׷ŮˣǽеʧأᱻŮ˿𣬼һҲϧ
ⶼʲô˼룡
ȻҪǣҪ㡣Ϊƽʱգᵽ˱ѰֶŮôĸܣñϲ׷󣬲һܺͽһţΣΪϲ㣬ҲԼϲŻǸ
һΣҶ࣬棺ֻҪܸܵһĻᣬҲȫԸϲҡ
ͻȻЩʧЦ
鱾Ǻܼ򵥵ĶûбҪԴĵȻȻ֪ѾһΧ㡣
ҶҪ˵רעɵ
Ȼܿɰ
һֳеʹ⡣
ɾģ͸ģǴïʢ֦Ѿɢµչ⣬µϢůȡ
ЩȻǵͷ˿ڣϲ㡣
ʲô㡣
ҶˣȻ¶ϲ󣬾ͿʼôˣҸû˵һ顣
˵꣬ӵļһЦ⣬óֻ¼ʵĹܣԼû壬һҪ¼
һ㲻ˡ
۹磬治ҶĶ֡
ЩˣҶ飬ҲϲˣҪˣ
ҶȴЦŽ⣺ϲܶǴῪʼİɣһ㣿
̫ˣһ˵⣬ҲǰϰʱͶ䳰ȷڵѵҪҸ𣿡
ˡҶ֣Ӯ˾ûŮѣһÿαĺá
˵ͻǿǸĲˡ

ѵԼմӦҶ飬ҶҪˣ
㲻˵ϲЩëģ
뿪Ҷ飬ͼ΢΢ǰ㣬ȻǰǶԷŴûüӦϾ;΢΢һȡ
Ҷ
ΪƣⲢһǣȻ⻹ֽ޴
ĳǣ
Ҷʱͦ侲˻صԼλҲЩŵģ
˵״Ϊһ֣ˣ˿ܱ򶨡
ƿߣĻëܸģӻëӦǸĲˡ
Ҷ齲̧ͷ˽⣺ȻǵһΣǸоҾͻӦûһֱȥ
һ£ʶҶ齲Ĳĵͻָ֡
ԭֻ
Լ˵ͻҪ
ò¶ȸսȥһ˲
ɫصҶһۡ
ͻȻ¡ͻȻ˵㶫Լ԰һˡ
Ҷɻ۾ɤӣôǵĳЩ˺˵̵Ĳ˻ŮˣѵĽ󰡡ô˵ţ
һػŶ̳ջ࣬кܶ໵ÿȥμӾƻᣬװСİѾƴϣͶͱ˾Ͳ١Ժ˴̵̸ǿֻѧȣϾÿ춼Ҫܡˮζ嶼ҪӷȻϴ棬ûûʧ

Ҷû뵽гһվʯͷԼĽšΪ˲ȵλȷʵ伫
Ҳԣ̳ϻнԺõ˵ģġ
üôžȾǶһݵģ
Ҷ鿴Ҳʲô֤;ˣȻֻһȻҵ˴𰸡
ҺϱȷʵһȷʵǶһݵġ

ҶɤӣȻ˭ƽʱյܹеEMBAרҵѵҪͻ¼ǰԽˣܿԼеµˢ棬һͨԡ
˵ȥʱգ˭еưģ
ҶԽ˵Խֱ׳ˣûУ
Щеģ˵Ůԣ룬أҾҵǸֲĵģͨϵµóǮңҲͦãҲᵽŮܵԱӺְϵĲ
˵ʵûиܹͬˣ̸Ůԡ
ȫ磬м־ģ
ȷʵûС
ϵıѾ˵һУҶıҺͱ˲һҲʲôʲôְҵҶȷʵȾģǸѧ
Ҷ˵ʲôƵģ˵ǸѧҲ˵ڼҵСŮˡ
Ƴһ۽⣬ǹش켺Ҿ˵ʱձ任㲻ǽܣѧҲδؾͻס
òϣҶ黹۹ⶾһһʮ׼ˡ
ˣ൱ʵؾɥˣȷʵܶһҪȽϸ߰ɣʱҿûô㡣
Լ⣬Ҷ鵹Ƿǳ⣬üʲô㲻㣿ʲô˼ʾҿϵ˲УҲ˵۹ⲻУ
ôҶETCԶ̧ܵ
ֻûüشҶһؿ˽⣬һһٵ۹ⲻã⣬Ѿܺúܺˣõˡ
ĺÿźͨʵһҲͨ˶иȾʲôǽܻڵ㣬㶼ʼһҡ
㣬һʲôʱŮӡܾԼƽҫ
ûԭԼҶģЩȻּ¶ؿҶ飺ô𣿡
ǵȻԵ䲻㡣
Ҷ¶ʤ߰Цݣû˵ȻǾ䡰ֻҲϡѾ絯Ļһϵı¶˳
ͻȻ;ú鶼
Ҷ黹е㻵ԸҲ˵ȻԴ׻ϲ켺ܶʱƨСӣܿɰ
ǰӢӵõļȻʱһ㲻ϲ
ϲҶ飬Ϊ˽Ժ󣬱򶯡
ܺԼϲһ𣬱Լϲͬϲţֱһ
ȻҲӦˣȥԼɡ
Ҷȴסˣ˽ۣ˿ȣǴ˵һǣ̽һµһԼˡ
ղײգΪʲôأ
Ҷ飬Цŵ˵ͷ


55 
ϧ, ֺܿڵһԼᵽ׸ʲôϣ
Ҷ룺ȥӰ
ҡͷ˰ɣļͥӰԺء
ȥҸ
ҲûҪ, ֲǿǮ
ȥԷ
Ҳҡҡͷ̫˵ʵȴ󲿷ֲĶóԡ

˽ʾ֭, Ȼûʲôر˼Ļ, Ҷ鲻֪Ȼߵ˵ƽʱʱͼΪҶѰȤá
ʵ, ͻȻ˵ġ
Ҷ飬ȥ֮ǰǼܵꣿǵһһ𣬲˴˸ԷһյС, һƷɣ
˵, ̲סؿҶһۣɱ͵СѵƷ
, ҶȻҲЩΣ̬Ƚû͵֮ǰֻǽһ¶ѡ

ҶɤӣһȫԸģϴεһΣ鲻㣬е¼ͥʦҽһյļؼ, ҾҵԼѧϰļҿʦƷ
һҲô˵ġ
Ʋ˵, Ҷ˿̵ﻹ˵޵ζ, ú۾Ž⣺͸, Ȼǻᾡõġ

ϧ, ˵Ưĵִв桭
ʮӺҶ鴩չΧȹֻʴӵ϶࣬ȻתҲ֪Ǹ״࣬дž
ȫռͥʦ˵ˣô
Ϊ˵ûõġ⿴Ҷ࣬סûЦȻߵҶ󣬾еѽһһְֵָ
ÿһգⶼǳͶ룬ҲڴѧʱҲظѧܣһƽʱҲûָҶ飬Ȼ֪ǲϵ任ϷŮˣɽⷴеûˡ
ôָ㶼ǴָſƵġ
Ҷ֣ƣȻҲ֪ǲһͱƴֽȷ˹ϵͻ޼ɵһҶٿ⣬ֱһֲܲ˵̬Ȿͺյýȵ߼ֱýⶼܣֵǡ
ʱĶҪ
ò׿ᶨŬ侲⣬Ҷһȴ
Ȼô˽һڣ
£˦ȥҶһۣѹҶ飬Ҫڹٶ˵£
Ҷ黷һչһҲûθеصЦ£ûٶ
Ҳɣʱ㣬չﾹȻһҲûУȻǵǰհߣҶС¡
ǺˣֻѹٴεҲʦؽѧ·ϣ
ѵĻѧҶһҲûлڸĵͼưسûע⣬ַɿ½Ĳ
ľ߶࣬ҶղСͦ࣬Ϊ˽ѧ֣ҶҲˣ־ץס˽֣һģ·ǰǳ⻹ܴյ˲Ҷ鱾ˡ
ɫŭĿӣѾ֪ʲô취ԸҶˡ
еµˣеµôɧ
ھⳡѧԽȥ֮ʱһ˽Ҷ֮Ľ֡
Ҷ飿ôɣ
̧ͷѭȥŷ˾Ȼǽ֣վһȾɫŮǵ֣ȻҲ¹ϵ
ֿҶ飬Ҳ⣬Ҷ鿴ۣƿ߿۽⣬ٿ˴˿˺һкܶС˫֣Ҳζ
Ҷ飬ⲻ𣿡
ǷЦѶôİ˹ϵǷǳðһǳҪõѰɣ
˵꣬תԼŮ飺Vicky㿴Ҷ˵ˣȻֻѣȫǣ֣ҲӵģϾκܵĹϵǴġ
һ£Ҷ飬ҵѣҶֵǸأҲҶѣһҶѡ
VickyǽʶƽģأȳħʹףȻй΢ĺۼֲںϾԣֻҪҵľУŮѶˮġ
СģĶãεεĻ¶ǽͷãΨһһ㲻õģСҰͦ󣬲ʶûܣͿʼﰵֱŽϿŮѵλˡ
ôԣ
˰ɣʲô¶Ψȷϵ£Բ
־ԼҲǸԭˡˣӲȡ
ˣӲκνȷϵ
ϾֻҪûȷϵͲŮѣǾֻǸѣǹϵõѰˣ
ŮֻܽһѾͿԽôأ
Ҳ֪ԼԼװףһۡ
û뵽ҶȻҲһȥˡ
أ
ϴν־ͿˣҶȫĿͼûô뿪ǸŮ飬һգſһȣ
챾Vickyʲô߰վˬȻû뵽ջ˽ıءڴ֮ǰVickyںͽ־ȷŮѹϵ£ⲻżҶ飬ȫҶ˵
ָҶߡѡ֪ȤϣVickyѧϰһ£Ҷһش
ѡ
Ŷ
ȤҶҲ湻ԵģȻԼûǰٻǸأҲˣˣŮȻҲ̣֪ûбҲܴȵĹ۸Լһ£
ֻûüVikcyʹɫŵ㣬Ҷ
Ůѡ

ֲ֪ôžûľ籾ߡ
㵵ؿҶ飺ûǰ㻹ѣôھλˣ
ҶŮ鲻죬ԼΪǸ˵ģû뵽ʵǡְҵɱ̶̼֡죬ֱλŮˣǸӲ磡
ϧҶĻشһγ˽ֵۡ
֮ǰ׷ȻֻѡҶЩ˵΢΢ĵ⣬׷ˣȻŮˡ
־ˣλĲ㣿
Ҷ򴽣̫ӣô
е𾪡
̲סִҶۣƽĶۣҶȷʵԼɫЩԼѾĿ˵ԼˣֲҶûȻֿɵõǱŮҪȻҪ׷λ
Ҷͽֻ򵥽˱˴˵Ů飬Ȼ꣬͸ˡ
ɲ֪ΪʲôܾҶǸŮ鿴ԼĿ΢Ҳܽ䱸ҶǺ˵ʲôתͷӭŽ̽Ŀ⣬΢ĵġ˽һۣ
Լûʲôʱ
ΪԼˣҶλ½ŮѡĹػʵں棬ȻVickyֲŽֺһգȻȴĲɵ̲סĿƳҶŮѡ
ûӣҶһԼŮѵգŮеȻʲôҲû˵ֻôšҶһѣҶ񱲻ûƢĵЦ
Ƭֿ̣ȥַҶĳ˻Ůѵƣһ֪˻ͦŵָŮʲô
ȽֹһٿŷҶŮѾȥϴˣǸ򵥵ϴ֣˾Ȼǣ֣ҽֹ۲쵽ҶŮЩ˼ͼ˦Ҷ飬ҶЦ˻ֵСѧһεһ·ȥչϴˡ
̸ãδҲ̫ˣ
̲סһԼVickyԷ̧ͷױݾµ̹ǿͷǼ΢Цװգô
ԭǽԵԸйͣȻ֪ôģһȴЩζˡ
Ӻ󣬵չαװ·˵Ĺʱַζ͸ˡ
֪һVickyԼŵģϾǸճСģأûжͺҲֵôȥץģVickyԼǰźץĵģðŽһƽŮѵĿһѡ
ڽֿ鲻ǵȼ۽ûжԼ׼ɻȻҲ֪ΪʲôͻȻеƣ
ҶŮֹҼҰΪʲôеĽ
ԷҶﲻԾ׷棬Բκأȫȫ¶
ȻûʲôܵΪȴãҶͶ䶼ǷĵͿ֣һǳĸ顣
һ㽡
ͻȻԼû˼VickyȥˣҲټʲôVivianMaryAmyˡ
ƽһΣ־ıԼʽ
ҶƢô˶λԼѵԺ󻹲ҸҲİԼλ
ٲãԼװһͿԼ˸Ҳİ飿
ʹ˼ʹֻЩ߰ȫɾ⣬ӽһˣԼӮôİ飡
ϾʲôҲҶ鰡
ԼӿٶȣظҶ֮ǰһ


56 
Ҷ鲢ûǹϵ, ȻⲢҶҪ󣬷ǽļ֡
֪һ϶̬ȴת, ͷ, ʵĴԴ, Ҳϣر, Ҳϣ, Ҿ뵱ͨͨʹһԱ, ԼλԼ£õĶԴ, Ϳˡ
οҲϣձù죬Ҫ˹ϵ, Ժ˵ڲҲҽˣһ԰˽»أ
Ҷ鶼Ҳ֪Ա˴˶ûл, ȻԵûЩ䣬ʼԲ
˭뵽صƽʱ, һ̸ѣȴǺѵõ˳ݣ

Ҷİʾǿ, û취, ֻð, ףҪ, ûйѵݣ˾¶, ʲôüѽÿ춼̧ͷͷģоڱƤӵ͵͵̸, ָо˳̼𣿡
Ҳ֪Ҷ뵽ʲô˾ȻЩ죬Ž⣬Щŵôô࣬뵽ˣ
ʲô£
ֱĪ
ںܿ죬˾ûٯٯС黰ˣҶӵĵ绰֪ͨСʱһӴ
Ƚȥˣһٽ¥
Ҷģͦί˽ⲻ빫ľ
ʵѾס˲Ŵ¥ԱǾͲпɴ·̣ȻҶ黹ǼҪϰࡣ
һ磬˾¥£ȻŽһ·ߵǴ¥ĲԶ
Ϊ˱ⱻ˿ţҶ黹ͦϵԼڲһVIPͨ

ԭֻҪ·ʮӵ·ΪVIPͨ·ӳʮӡ
ֻҶͦУȫŽ֣дʵûʮӺܳ·ûǶ˵㣬ԺҸĽ˲ŹԢ·һҪӳ·̻;ۡ

Ҷ鿴̵ܶ·˾ͷֿ˽һۣˣճ̻æһӴǹںĴѲչ£ֲ¿ҵҲҪҳϯϻС
ͦԼг̰ţ֮ϵңϵҵҲʱ
⣬ϣҪڣʲôҶ㡣ڹ˾ҲҪ߶һһ㡣
Ҷ˵꣬ųЦһ£ˣˡ
Żָ侲ȻϰģȻȳǴȥ
ʵҶ鲢û˵ʲôر黰Ȼ֪Ϊʲôȴ
ΪСͨļͥһֱҪȥŬʵҲΪνʧ
ҶӵĻȴġ
ҪŵҪʱҪֻ˱˴˵ġ
**
Ǿӽİ칫ңѰΪҶ׼緹ˣٽϰ壬ʼΪҶǰˡ
Ϊ϶µĸĸŵҲԽˣܿͶ뵽˹ȥ飬ֱһɧ
ҵ죡ã
һصس˰칫ҸղȥͱϣڵˣȻ˿ñӺ۾һǾúһֱ͵͵ڿ
Ҹֻѣ˵ýо翪Ǹз˿ĵ·͸ˣ·Ҹղŵ￴Ǹһģһ
ϲ׷ǵݼǣ˵ʲô
ţڣ̧ͷ
ݿעɹ˹ӣſڵΪʲôǣ϶Ҷܵİ
һʯǧˣҺܿ
չôѸ٣
ǰǣûб˶Ŀ˼оȨδϰӲ£
ҿҶ첻ڹ˾ڳûǰ˵˲¥Ա¥¼ӲԱ¥оûʱԼᰡô鷢չôͻͽöϧعҲҪˣ

Ȼ㹫ݣִԼбҪҶ¡
ҾûҪҥҥ
ɤӣǲҶܺóĳЩǶе𣿡
Ȿݵķ룬û뵽ԸΥ
ôһ˵е񣬿Ǵ˵еķɣ
ѽöÿαĵŶ˵ѣз˿ҥ֮ģ˵˽ºӶˣ

ֱûˣ˵ʲôҶ϶ҶǺһԡ
⼤ԵձһŮˡ
˼λǽ⣿һ½⡣
վſڽΪĸĿĶԽˣͷҲûصس⺰⣬ӿͣ
˵꣬תſڣȻͿݵһ𾪡
졢졢ã
˲˭
һûٴſ֣ҲժñӺīͰ޹˼ɵر¶ǰȫûΪŮǵĹһ㡣
Ŀ̽ͷ̽ԺؿһȦһûдǰģڶλ˽⣬Ȼ󲻹ܲ˵Ŀ⣬ԾͳŽ˹
⻹ûӦþЦ֣ãá
³ֿ˽ۣЦһ£ɣ
˵ûӦǽ˱ˣҲȫ֪ôмܡ˱ƬƯôվǰֱӾϵĳôһԸƵŮǣ˿̾ȻԼЦùԹɡ
㣬ҽ˳·ǣпգҹ𣿡

**
֣ⷢ˵ıȷʵչΪʶԼĺѾܾõҪ
ӺǵܱߵǶܱߵ꣬зɹĴܱƷмܻһǴ򿨶߹ȻһСâĽ˹رóԡ
ʵ˶ЩһӶЩ֪κദƽӴĿԽ˾ḻ԰չʶȻȻſھġ
ȿ˿ڣ㣬Ҳ֪ЩͻȻûƬҶ˵ĿƯǸ㣬Ҿҹˡ
Ȿ򶨣³Ȼˡ
ҶǵģôǰôأⲻǵڵǰȥŪ
Ǹѩˣһ۾Ϳ˽ľִ٣Ц£ҶɴûƯ˵仰䲻ǿ㣬ƯԸºͺôҲǿ
ⶼʲôʲô
úˣȻߵͬʱҲһ˿˿⡣
ܶڵǰ˵δĻڵǰĲ̻¶ġ
û뵽ҶԼû˵ڵĿޣȴĲؾͶҶ˵֡ỨȻڴµһжȻȻ¶Լİ⡣
ֻʩҫǰ⻹Ƿǳġ
ҲЩźͲ֪Ҫôÿʼ֮Ի
ҲʱҶ٣˽ʴӡ
ǿ첽ģЩ΢΢ĴϢģþЩʦ˼ǻ̵ذѽ˵˱ôļ׺ߣ˼һѹ
൱ҵһȥԾ˵Լȥʱô˵ģߵŮ˶鷳˵ʲôߣǽ顯ôھͲһˣ
Ҷ鱻˴˶̴Ծ൱ұˡ˶᳤󡣡
ã
սţȻȻǶѹ˺УǼȻݣǾһˡ
Ҷ֮Աǣ֣ҺһˣǶǶԶԶˡ

ʵҶȻϵ˵ԶףȻһϹСѧһ𳤴ģ˴ֶǶŮͦеõꡣ
ÿ꿴൱ġ
ýͻϮǣҪǳں棬Ҷ鵽˸ʲôŮܰһھܱĳ¼ˣһʿԣ
ΪԷǸǳĻֶεĸ߽ѡ֣Ȼ棬ŷֽеģһҲһ¡
Ů൱أĺܺãѡȫġйоصְҵװױëŨء˼µˣǰΧҶߵŮԣӵöЩ⡣
ȻҶԱ˴˵ͺͰȴزסҶʶĻػҲȻȻһжˮõģ
֮ǰǲҶ࿴õģܾòãͻ洵Ȼʱ˿̣ǾãԼؿҪҶϲˡ
ҲҪɡýǺųԼҪǰĲʵţź;ĥӲݳſǵġ
Ҷ磬ҺϸӰ
˵꣬ݷ˵ؾҶ˸ܺգƬҶӢȻԾɵסЩҲ˸ޱĸ
һ㲻⣬ܿƬϴ罻ý塪
ȻѪԵϵѾϡˣһ޵ģҵδɩɩ˺ᡣ
ܶ໰Ҫ˵̫ȷҪһĻӦ˵㵽ΪֹЧá
÷ϢһҶ飬ֿ˽⣬ЩԹӣ㣬㲻֪ҶෳˣѾҿˣҾ˶ûô˵ҵӰͿڱ˵Ҷ䲻Ƶġһˣ˳壬Ĺ˾˸أúúлҲǣ

գǴϣھ˵绰ߴ£뿪
ֻˣǰѱ˸ˡ
Ҷӵĵ绰
ⲻ֪ӵ˭ĵ绰ֻǿҶ鶼͵绰Ƕ˵˵˼䣬ŹˣȻ󳯽߹
군ˡֻȻ˵군ϲûһ군ı飬ЩĵģЦ£÷Ķ迴ˡܲ⡣
Ҷͦɣⲻ֪ΪȴԼҶλȷʵͦģҶǲǶԼ̫⣬Ҫֹ
ڽŵеʱҶٴο˿ڡ
ܲ⣬ΪʲôȽܸʶȼˡҶЦĩп𣿿ԵҼԷ㡣

˵ʲô㶼Ҫȥ
⡭
ƽʱԼԼĸŮΪۣЩҶԤѵʱգҶȫΪȨάߣ
ûüڣҶŷˣͻòҡڼ߶ĶͷԷҰֽ飬ͷԷӣӣԼɣ˵ܳΪһһּңΣ֮һһ޳ɵĹ󸾡
㣬һȰ㣬ԶˣԶ벻ң̸ǲҪ벻飬飬һҪú룬ǧͷԷֱӴӦҶ˵˿ȣֻ֮ˣǧ棬˵Ĳ
ɴ۾˻òң
Ҷ边ȻȨλ˼뻹ôȽ
Ҷº͵ЦЦѭѭյȻǣһȷʵòңҲһˣұϾеEMBAѵ޹ˣӵевص˻˱ҸĻ㲻⣬ôȰ뿪˶㶼Ҫ

Ǿô˵ˣĩһؼңٺ˵



57 
»ص칫ҵʱ, Ȼܵ°Ĵ
ôôǲΪǰҶ鵱㣿
˵ʲôû
Ӱ𣿡
ҸˢıҥϢ˵ҶðǺ˵δɩɩôҲ˵Ҷʵȷʵ̸, ֻǶã
һһ, , ߶˽⡪
, ҶܵŮѵ˭, ǰҶܵ, ʱûͷ
ⶥ˵Ŀ⣬ò, ĵ׹ⲻȥֻͿ͵͵İ, Ҳ֪
Ҷ͵͵ʱôĸԼҲ±ع׵, ʱʦ

ûپ⣬ΨѰŽ¶˼ı, ͻȻ͸ʲô
**
СȲȰҪҪҸ򱭱ȣǰͿ˵ģ
С, ϴǸĿβ, мԵ, Ĳ, ЩеͶˣ, ûĽң
С, ǰĦSPA꿨ҪҪȥԣ

һ磬ⶼڹ
СпҿԸ𣿡
ȻѰϣղ߷ֵĿԼܲˣ˼Σҽա
۵ĻʾҹͦģҪһרע
û뵽ѰȫûأкأвУֻ֮ҪпգҶУ
ԼͲ³ͼˣԼбҪܾһΣΣҶֶӡ
⻰û˵꣬Ѱĵͷ֪֪֮ǰ-⣡ѽҲ֪Сôأô䣿˶٣̧ͷƶôֲ˧ߵģŰҶҪֶӣͿˣǳԱ˳ŵģԼվӣ

ЩãȻ֮ǰһֱ𡭡
ѰǼʸڷСᣬûУҴûУҴҶܵʱʼʵͷǳ㣬ԲԸ˸λᣬΪҿǱ
ΪʲôԷҪΪõģ˰ɣᣬƺĲһҪԴǼҵؾܾϺüΣӲ⺢Ӳܳ׷¡
ĵҵʱ㼸ȥԷҪǸᣬǰԲλ࣬ԼҪΣ쾻Լ䲻ϵˡ
е㲻֪ˡ
Ѱƽpuaȫλѹˣô졭
ѰȴԼĴƵģСʵһֱǺܿġ
ƽʱȫľҰ
Ϊȫӿɽ̵ǱɰѰҪ֪о仰˵úãǰǰ㵱ΪãΪ˰ȥҶܵ𣿡
ҪҷˣҶܽӴҲн죬Բԣ
Ҳ֪ǲҲͦѵģҵ԰ԽԽˣҲԽңĿʵ̫ұ˵ҶܶǿҪǲžԱˣô˵أĿҲ˺ܳʱˣҲǿҰɣںҶܹϵԺƽˣôҲҪҳų
ȷʵҶͦ࣬ҶȷʵҶӴ϶࣬ǸԼҪˣ
ɡ
ҶҪԱ£Ҳøɡ
ʲôøģѰˣѹüŪ۵Ǹ߷簡

⾪ɲؿ
ôҸʲôˣҶǸӣѵûһȣͨˣѹҶܶôмӵģǱλɹˣ
ôҶעģʱʱҶܻ㰡ѰֹҪ˵Ҷ̬ܶȵת䣬ǴӵֺʼѵΪƨһţ
ѰԽԽΨһˣѵЩûӪС˵дһҶϰ壬ûбԴǵһԴŮˣɹע⣿
С˵ʽע⣬ĿȥҲ죬ѰԼбҪһ½⣬Լͳصļ䡪
ţúж£ϰ࣬Ҳû£ҲȥĿˣµеͶûһ㼼˷ʱ䣬ûߣЩӵ½ˣأͺúҵͨ⼸顣
ȻѰʶԼҶĹϵѰȻϣбûĴȣȫûŵģ˾Ȼ˵ֱ׳ҶܵĹϵΪʱʺ϶⹫Ͼ㹤ãɫ۾㣬οҪҶԺˣʵͦεģҪҲҪԼϰ֮λ˵ǲǣ
ǣѰа˵Ҳһ˵һ
ѰĹȳ̶ȣȻ˽Ĳ㹫Ĵ֣ԽɸǴüĿ鵽λˡ
ԭͲϲеͶſʱоҵδչѰȻ֮ãοרҵ鼮ԼĶҲем
ѰĳʲôΪϣýиʱȥɳˡ
飬֣صؽӹѰǼ䡪ܿó⼸鶼Ѱģ߻ŷɻеװء
Ϊ㣬°棬װģһҪúöߵ֪ʶ㣬ʲôģʱҽ֪û
˵ͷ
Ѱһߣ㱧ڴ˷ɻС
ѰԼʲôأ˵ҵչһװ棬ѵǱǹڹķ
Сڲ˷ɻУȻѰжıӳ
ץס˵ġ
һԵܲӵĶס
鷳ˡѸλָϡ
γΪϵŮġ

ԣѰ˵Ľнרҵˮƽ⣿
һѾѰıӰһʱ֮İٸнѰУͷԽЦ£ȻһfightingƣȻÿ
ͣ⣬һҪһץסҶܵģǵԺϰЯһңϾ֧ǵˣҲԸԺʦ⡭
ѰɦŪ˽ĹģֱýĿɿڴֱӳţһһƽλĴ̫࡭
ˣСпһԸҲеģҲɹˣشһǳɹʿϲʲôĶ󡭡

գΪҶһͨ绰Լ԰ѰݲС
**
һǺҶȥԵġ
ϴ㲻ûü꿭õĿѼ𣿡ҶǣŽ֣ͦģ˭ǸĻԱ
һΣŽһ˲ӭķŶҶϤЦžòغ˾䡰Ҷ
ſӭŮöʽĹȹžµױݣЦֵ壬Ϊͬԣ˶ú
ⲻʱ̣еζҶǲԼݣ鰡ƣӭСô磬еµӦ
ýﷺǣҶҲʶŮȻûлЦݣԶԷͷ
ֻǽ뷢͵͵šҶһѣҶǰȻ˽˵Ķͷ̬ǵؽܵŮѡ
ӭķЦ£õģġ

ȻҶ̹ȻԼýĸаοͷô˵Ƶġ
ȿѼ˵ߵʱ򣬽ʶҶ͵͵ڰЩʲôˡ
ѼƤϣõĸ֡
ҰѼ
Ҷ鵹ͦһֻѼֵģǰģУҰѼ
ŷĿѼƤһŤ˵֣ҶĽͣͻȻҲ̲סЦ˳
ôôôɵģ
Ҷԭܱű飬ȻЦĶᣬҲҲ˱Ҳ̲סƹЦ˳
ջ˵˾ʵе
ҶҲЩΣ˵пֵģ֮ǰҲûԹǵһθ㣬õвԭҲû񣬻ˢҪǲŸ̽ŪģûЧôζеˡ
еĺܿɰ
ЦգۿҶ飺û˰ҺϲѼ´ҲԸѼͶұҸһְɡ
ҶЩ˼ĺ죬Ѿָ򶨣ҪЩ֣
˵۾һһҲѼ


58 
ԡҰѼǳ, Ժ˿ѼԭҶȥлǺӱߵĲɢɢҹȻҶ鵹µļƻ
ȥӰɡҶЦ£㲻ŵӰƱ𣿡
ôһ, ⵹, дڡÿմ嵥
, ɨһ۾ͼ
Ҷ׽, ״û㵭ȻŶ, , ҶǵúСϸ, Ҳӡ
ҶֻǵԼŮѵϸ֦ĩϢ, ЩůУ˭Ķܼǵ, Ȼ˿ģǸ𣿡
ԶѾŮˣҶ, ܷ·һ㣬һ¾Ͳ˵, ˶, ʲô˼Ա˺䵭, Ͷһ˺, ǲеµľ裬, ŵһʱå, ĵģô㡭
ÿֻҪһ𵥻ԣҶͻǰÿζĽͰò˵٣ļֱס
˺ݻֱ࣬ţҶԾȥ
ס˵ĻֻͣԼˡ

Ҷһ·صӰԺģöһ뻻Ʊ˱ǣ߽˷ӳ
˵ҲɣݵİƬ
ҶͽЩ磬Ҷ˱׻˱λϳֻǳųţҶСЩˡ
ڱ׻Ͱס˽֣Ȼ֣ŵı׻ǿιԼ
ҶֱûޣҲͷҶ˼α׻ҲԵؿʼҶı׻
ֻϧûպȣҶÿζǡôص߽еı׻ɽֱһҧҶָ
ڲۣҶȴװ˵ģ
ʱӳʣ²ӵʱ䣬ӳڵƹѾ䰵Ҷѹյ˽ĶߣΪίҧҡ
ϢڽϣֻҪܣҲֵ
ȻҶȴӲƵģ⻹ûӦĶϾʹʪĴС
Ҷ龹ȻҧĶһ£
ҪڵӰԺ£Լͻܾһһ߸ˣȻڵӰҪˣû취ֻںڰУɫصҶһۡ
ȻʼٸߵܵսⷢĶôߵҧңҧ
⻹ˣ
ٱҶȥԼҪˡ
ǵӰĲž˽һڵӰƬͷȥƽ
ҶҶΧλǿյģǿȻҶоû˿
ֻϧҶ·ⲻùò׽ڽ뿴Ӱ״̬Ҷסģǣ˽ֺ󣬻йӰ£ڲбĶ
ҲʱҶλ½ڽڰУûлͷλĶ
ûһӰʽʼˡ
ⲿӰǵȲĿڱ֮õݼҲǳãֳ⻹ʤɣƬӽǳǿⲻ֪Ͷ뵽Ӱȥˡ
ܿ죬Ӱ⿪ڽճɾβȻǲʵ
ĻǵҲ̲סÿ
ǷĶͬòͣûκμʣҶչ˽һ£սĶ䣬ûÿ
˻ͦһҾҲһ㣬Ϳ
ֱ첻˼굽λȥˡ
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