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ǵõμף
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1.  ǰԵ   ް

ʮǰҽиǹŮҹĸǱµĻ۹

СҾ͹׶΢Щ󣬽˳İ

ǶֵģǱѧʶԨ̫ʦӻף󸹱㡣

ͬһѧõģ˳̫Ӻͼλӡ

иӣѣĸǼúͨеڳԣÿα̫ʦˣ߱Һͳ׽Ūˣͨ죬죬˵𻰶

·أȥؾͷˡ

ĸΪӣΪٹ⣬ڱ¸ǰͷ磬͸Ҷס

û

ʮԺҲٽиµ֣

ҵļ帲𣬹ĸ˻նɱţ

ңΪ˹ݣ.ˣ.衣

ңұ÷ȣһҸһңУıǰ̡

ܾúܾԺҲ֪

ԭ̫׹֮·ˣްš

Ǹ̫ӣѣҲǵͬҶ׵

ɡ

Ҳǻʺֻǳޡ





2.      ʮ

2  

겻֪ζϲ¥ϲ¥Ϊ´ǿ˵
ʶζ˵ݣ˵ݣȴøעū

ʮңѾ÷ǳԲݣһͷúͺڣò̫ﶼ޹

ڹǶӣⱲõļ䡣

Ҹ߼ӧûѰѫٻǰصСҺͼĽʮҪãڼлһʫ֬Ū㣬ʱƤЩ͵͵ƻҲеġ

Ժҽӯ䣬ֹ˹ܼЩ˱ػĶʶֶ顢廨ƷЩŹҪı£һʱ䣬÷ңҺ׽ġ

ˣҲǼˡ

ʮңǻûûΡ

ÿռĵģǽͷ˼ͷ״ʣϲԣĸֻˣӣǲôѣôѹߵ֯Ӳźÿ

Ҳǰвƣһմŭ˭֪˭

ʮң֪Ҫ޸ѣ

ʵҲ̫ϲ

ǵǸ죬Һմӹ޹ĳ֡

ţҵĵŮҴһ꣬ǹİ

ҵޱ˲ͬ䲢ʤСɣ˵ͬػӱߵĽСţͷˣҲˡ

ҺСҪã˵ҪԶȥķأ˺üء

͵ǵԧֺóԡ
Ӳ´ǣ͵͵˿ĭƼӭ߹Ů̫࣬ҲֱͦˣЦ˼ӣһСͷ
ЩԶҰߣЦȼȥСЩʱȥЩ

ǽˣҲԷЩһЦűȥҽŵֱð˵˿ڣɻȻ֪ʲôζӷýҪЩ

ҡͷЦЦ
ȻƼ־ͷ˸꣬ѣŸС̫ࡣ

߽Һ񣬴һߡ

䵨Сͨ죬ͷش¡

󷽵˾䣺ҪĶȥ

Цºͣ˵ҪҪȥˣպڱ¸ǰлТյźƤӣ˫ѥӣﴩů͡

˵仰ѾʹҴȥˡ

ЩˣôҲδޣ֡

أƼͨ죬ҧ´Щ겻塣

͵ļ磬һģڵش

ʲôء
һЦ

ĽõӴ󣬻Ҹү˵

ʲôӡ
ƲƲ죺ԺҪʮء

̾˿СҸǰ˵ҪҶңҵĶ֣ģǰøս˴¡ÿÿݼĸĸףߵ˼˵Ҳǹأǰʱû˵Цġ֣Ȥˣ˵˸Ѿͷͨ¹أᡣ

һӻ֣ѾͷǱ̫˵Ů

Ǹãʱòʡ
ŤͷԶȥıӰԹأ˵УɾǸëͷСӣ˵ҲϲʲôǴ˯ÿÿ̫ʱĿİͰ˵˸

ҵ֣үТ˳ˣЩҲ

ߡ
ƲƲ죬װм
Ǳ³ҹĸǿҸ߼ҵϣҲҪһ

ŵøæҿҡͷһЦǹҪѽǫͣԺ϶㡣

һЦԭӡãҰø㡣

ˣװҪңֱ˵˭ˣҡҴ⻵Ѿͷ



ǰҶ˵ͷĸ߶﹬Һóԣ˸˼ҴЩ˵չӲˬȥȻذɡ

Ҳδȥݼ裬ȥѱؾСš

Ҳ֪ΪҪѽ

ԼĪһʱȻѡ

ѿңȻЩ⣬Դǣʱ仹СĿİͰ͵غʣССڵȱô

ϥѼ˸񣬴ӻͳң˫ȥЦүսͷСŮǲˣСŮģͷЩСӣһѰѡˮҪЩ񣬶ɳҪˣҪƵģٺЩ

ѳĬãӹңЦСˡ
ת̾˿ûõˣСʵίˡ

ٴϥ˲֪СŮȴ֪үбµˣӲùǰблʺ̫Ӷţӻǻţâ¶Ī׾

ʵң˵ֻ

Ҳ͵͵׺ĸ̸𵱽ƣ˵Ѳһ㣬СС;й˵ĻǸպ˭˵׼

ǵⷬûֻЦЦ̫ˡ

˲죬ʲôĺңˡ

СҵʱöҪˣվڹű߲ƴʻȥ˼ٱ㲻ϣԺôӣ治顣

Ȼҿͣ½ŲЩץסңҲˣҼ˼߰ɡ

˲ˣƣľͷ˳۵

лү⡣
͵Цˣǻ˽˵ó
͵װ״ʣߣȴ÷ᡣæˣȻתϥЦǸ

Цÿģɡ

ȻĪΣ̾˿Цã

꣬ûˡ

½˻ʺ̫ӡ

׷ѵĸΪ׷Ϊ

˳ݣ̫ţ䣬ҹҪõѣ˻ʺĸ¡

ЩᷢʱͺܹѣЩСһյ衢һܽظ⡢һ֧Ǻʡ
ʱ˵õδĸţ˶Цġ

һŮˣԵ޹ʵضһ˺ãῴ˾졣

ο˼ңһһԹϵǰ̡

ٽЩЩѵʱѾżҰ硣

ҵʱӦѣͬˣ᲻ӹһ٣

ᡣ

żݲңݲҡ

ʮңסڵڸߴ

֪δҪʲô֪Ѿ˲ϡ




3.     еķѩ

3 -- 

һֱΪһۿͷġ

ʮǰڹ

ʮʼϱ

װдǰ㣬ʱ˾ۣźɣһ̲ŸأԹʱ˭ҹӰƾʱӰҲ׶㣻

Щ󣬸ǰֱŮˣҵȻζˣڼмˣкüء

ҴҵᣬҲҪģżٰżұػжȣ˹Ůͷ

ʮĺܶܶЦܶᣬΨû뵽ٸһҹɢʮжȹ

Ѿͷ󣬳Ȼ˺ܶĴ¡

̫ӺͽգȻǶ׹֮ǹĸȻްţݴڴϢ˵ĸ׮ıӵĳɰйء

ױǣ̫Ӻ͹ĸУټߡ

žǳҡˡһ䡣

ҵĻȥαεͷɢؽȥ

Ϊٵϸ顢׵ĿΣŮ򱻹

ﲻиߴ¯еֻǶǽڡ۵롢ʯͷӲءȣ˺ѩ֪ĸ絶

Ϊٵĸס岮ֳ类նӱţ׵ͷţЩŮ죬ᱻΪūΪ澡

һʼм˻࣬ģˣû˵ĸĸףĽ㱻ȥ֪ǻײǽԾ

ֻʣҺ

ֻͬ꣬Сһ£ıһҪÿ֣ǣ˱ȻŮȴҪǿúܣڼûٺҰ죬ҶѣŸȥĸҲҪ޸ү

еķѩ˪ݣ˵ڣָ׷ﶼۣݵֻʣһѹͷɻôòˡ

ĸûˣҺҹʹޣ
ʵ̫䣬Ǳһȡů
ûзԣһùӲͷ

Ϊ˴޼ʵӣüʯӶڵϻ̣ԲȦǰӣʵǺӣȡ¡һյ塣

Ҳ챻ˣϣճյʣ˵ǻ᲻Ľȥĥ

ЦŰο˵ǰǣڵӣ˾˱լȥİɡ

ѵص˵ͷ˯ȥ

ʵ֪˵ܺ;˾˶ס
˵ʮ꣬бϣ˻ͷߣ㡣
Ϊټ˵ܾһϣҲ겻Һ

ʱԶڽݵ˵Ҽҵ£϶ᰵоңҵ˰꣬ĵȵҲûȵ

ůܺɡ

ʮҺ塣

ڵң⡣

һҺʵûʲô֣
򣬸߼˭մǣ΢ͬһ£ͻȫ塣

챻ǰҺĳʳҲЩܼȡ

ǣȻˡ

ӼӲʯɫͣ۵׷ڣʱʱѪ˶ܿжˡ

Ұ䣬ôѰ߸֪Ұ˵ܺ;˾ˣЩĳĶ˳š

Ҳֻʣһ˽ʲôĹ⾰

Щӣʱʱ̱̿˵ġ

վס˷ѩҹһ
֮ǰ˵ҪȥҸ׺ĸˣ㣬úûţ±ǻãһ塣

ޣ綼ᡣ
ײǽԾѾû

䣬ҿ߽ߴˣ佫ʬòϯӾߣ˵˾䣺꣬ʱ⡣

ʱΪԼˣô˵أ

ʵ֤ġ

ұ˴ΣװӵУ֪˶ãͣˡ
ҲҶװԡ
ԼԼ䣬ϤŮ࣬ưˣ䡣

ǵḧƬ̣̾˿˵˾仰㶼ˣ˳ұáҲ

꣬ĥ˺ܶܶ飬ĥ京Ļʲô˼

֣ѶҪҵ˼żôвλŮ˻
䵽ᣬĲƴǰӲȲմңֲԸˣˣ˱ӣǽһݣԽҸũ˼ˣҲƽȹ

ʮңûˡûˡǰ;ͨͨûˡ

̤һδ֪·ע˿裬ҹλʱᱻѡ

ǣһˡ

ҲĽ.裬ҲײǽԾƶɱ

ʮң̰ϣѵػⰹ˼䡣




4.     ˼ҵĹŮ

4--

˼ҵĹŮ࿴ñҪ

ҵһһǹ棬ϵżǰ̣ҪС

û࣬Ҳһ˰ˡ

תһ룬һѾòˣͿϲлŵ⼸ֻѪӲдɡ

Ҵƶ˵䵽
ų
ҵһǰϯӾ̧

ԣϻбô

ȥô꣬ʼ벻ͨΪҪɱ

ң
ûҺǽãòƣǺԵģǹǶ쵰һۣۣܿʬ壬϶һ۾ʶƵġ


ǰ͵͵ȡЦСЩ̱ǡɱˣʱ۾ˣȴװʲôû


ϾòͲ飬ڳǳģЩŹ㣬ûһʵģҲҡ

װΪҪ

ôȥˣҸͷʱҺȻˡ

ǲģͻʺûаֹϵׯʺֻͣ϶᲻òοɱˣ

ϣ͵ôװͿ̡

ձ˶ѡ

ʮң˴дߣԶ뿪˳ǡ

ҵ±Ӷ˵֣ХżĶūӦʬε֡

ǵõʱͬһ

جκͼȣټȻһ˷纮ûаӲˣ˵

ХͶֻŸ·˭ҡ

һҹۺͣˡ

ұǴֱ³

⿪ȿǳѩ峿΢źĻѩһֻѻͣңһѹ֦

չۣѩֱۣ˿ڱࡣ

ҡô

ûṵܻ̈ɣҵϣȻϰѵӡ

ǸХ˾ӸµؿңĮȱߵѩ䣬˵ͷԸҪС㣬Բס

ҵʱĿͣӦٶۣûޡûģɵ㶵ؿХ

ҿǸֳªЦǺǵ߹ؽХĵƿЦţ˵˾䣺˵߼ҹһһòǸ˷ѡ˵ˣˣֻҤ˻죬ʱԹҵС㣿

ұΪǻѩҪҡ
û뵽ǣ¼HˣҲ࣬¸ǹʭӡ

һϢұǴקסͷݺݵذˮϴӡ

ֱڣĿڻᷢ


ⲻġ

ϴɾұӵһһģĥң棬һ

ۣ
Ȼˡ

Ҫܳ죬ܼĻͶ⡣


Թ

Ż

һȻһ

ͬ¼ĹŮһ㣬װװɵ˵ҪĶȥǴѣŵֻҪǰ͵˸ǰұضؽ

ȻҵȻ֪Ǹҵİ
ԣŮˣһźǣŮּҹӡ

֮УǸСѵǰδޡֶŮ

Ϊʵ̫ų˳ˣ·ϣҰӺһȺ

ͼǵĹϵʮ˺ܿʶƣǸӷ衤ҡ

ҵǣҶҩ·˼öݣ˰Ӽв

ǣȥԽ
˵߬ţӹȥԽҲңǵҲᶪ

Խ֣ҲʧΪܣЩɽɱԽ޶

ԽХͶԽľ·ϣһѺ͹Ĵ飬ʮˣݺ󣬾С

ҳѺٵĳҡһ

쵽ʱѾ⵽˲εϮ

֪ٷûһöҪӳ죬ֻԶƶ

װһֱ͵͵۲ţҷ֣һڰжš

첻ҡ
Щ̫ˣһ·ָջ

ûġ
ҵȻŹĺûᡣ

Ͷ˶
ЩһŶӣк˲ɾ

ڵҲϵʱصĺǳˣѴ֮ͽѺٺХ¡

Ҳʱ÷奣ҵɷ

ûÿˡ

ʱʮͦΣǿ׳ؿڣźɷɱ˲գۡ

ҵòȻЩɽˣһ۶ûңֻٱ

ٹͶ·ĺĸ
Щ١ȫ÷奺˴ɽУնס

Ȼ֪Ϊ¶Բ˳֡

ԣ÷奲δΪңҰӣȥ

ȴ©˷ҲҴطѣǿ

÷奺ֹЩˣߡ

ûߡ

Ҫ

µѩҹŷڶߺХХİΪǺģ綼ݣ綼ôܻڣ

ֻԸΪܣλĺ

ҵȻǻ

Ҹ׵

ǣǣǿǳԵԼļһ¶

ҶٴΣõʮ

ڷй޺ŭȫйϡ

ʮңʧȥˡףϻմѪ

ĺңЩЩˡ
û뵽һεεŮӣȻɱ˲գۡ

ڸʱͬʱҲôߡ

سɣ
Ư޻ﳼ֮ŮǱ裻

˸÷奡

ҷȻݣԼԭ

÷ȻԸ鷳ҹ

һҾ͸һǰǼȡЦ˵ٹͬʱԼٸţ˼ҹ￴㿡Ҫ˯

ʱٰͨ죬õŻң˵ǹöǳϦӣ˵ͱٸˣǴ˼ҳС㣬ȥҼ˰գҾͲˡ

ԺƤ쳤ӣޣҲߣ͸㣬ҪңɱҰɡ

̧˺üθ첲뿳ңû֡кֵǸϽʰо֣ĪҪһѪҪǰӻɽկ

Ұһʰסƣͻʹ󣬴ߵ

һߣʮꡣ



ҵʮ꣬Ѫʮꡣ

ӴԺû˸˸






5.  ƽ   ÷女Ǹ

5--  ƽ

ʵ֤ҵȷûۣ÷ȷʵǸ

һ·߽ɽ֣ǵɽկ

νɽկҿéݴļªᣬͷǵ˴ҽĸ˺ͺӡ

죬ҼӯͰϡ

İϻδ̱÷òŮˣȻмɫġ˵òֲʶһֹḡ̣ɽկһϴüȥܲɾ

ҵϺͺһ֪ˡ
ǲǸԹȤӵľ

ǱˣǧŵŮūҸǱѺ˯ļˡ

ԣһʼϾΪԻϵĺ꾫˾ɷľ.ˡ

ǰͬ÷女ɻ飬Ķϱһ죬˳ģ.˼Щ

ȰϣӯϲЩ

ֳ뺷øһӯʵܲӣСС;ͻ˵໰

ǵõһμӯ䣬ãͰ϶࣬ڵϣľҲǣæźõ˻죬ô˵տ

ӯ俴һ˻ˣӵͣ˸߲ҵſ˫ۣ

ģ÷ӯ䣬Źֲϵ࣬ףżɧζסԹĸףҲȥգôͲѾͷѾͷˣûģѾͷôá

ңճյվѩ÷奸¡ͷ

˵ʵĺĽ

ʳ֮ңֵڶ࣬ø̵Ҫ֪鶮񣬼УûбһΣǵ׵ģҵĺҲڳʳСϣ÷奶ǡ

ϴɾӯ䣬Ҵһ

ѾͷҲ̫ÿ˰ɡ

ѰСŮÿ鶯ƯݣѾͷɿϸ֡۾ڶףëֳֻСƵģһЦ̵ʱСѣһޣ˵Ķˡ

Ѿͷ˲á
ʵ֤ҵĲ²ȷģȺôΪˮĳϻĺлӷ硭

ȻһֽĹġ

ⱲӵĽ׵ˡ

Ե֣绳شңʱʱض

˰ͷӣһǧĬĬڻѸǰЬӿɣżˮڼ䣬ӯСɵվһߣ¡

ﻹ˵ʲôҹĽߡͳ

иŵ㣬ƽȣܺܿӦµĻ

԰ʲôã
Ұˣأ
ˣǷܻ

Һ˼ʱӯߵҸǰҵ½ǣչ֣ҵ˿ǡ

һûסˡ

ҳŲ̫ǣ£ָͷǶͨʲôѽ

Ѿͷ
ӯ˵

꼸ˣ
ʡ

ꡣ
ӯͷգգۡ

ʲôѽ
Цʡ

ɡ
ӯܹɵػҡ

ȻǰѹӰ̧ͷһ÷奡

ʮֽ䱸صһۣһѽñߣվһȥմǳͬʱӵƨɣѹѵôģͬİ˵һǰô죿Ҫ Ϲӵͯϱô죿

ⷬȡ

ףǰżͶҲͶ

⣬ңһ֪ϸİˣҲܷ

ҹ󣬷Ҳˡ
Ƿһ뷹һƱ

Ҷ룬ڻԵĴʯͷϣ̻ʵسȺ

һҹЩĺ˶Ǯ

˵ϽأҲүĸԣӣ
˵ȥҼ棬ɽһ죬˶Ҫˣ
˵Ȣϱˣ򼸸ѾͷӺ

ҳšţǶԽõ

Ҳţš

ЩΪͶ·ž۵һ𣬿һ϶ˣһյĹѾΪӵ³ˣ󲻹Ӹֵ٣ЩǾһɢԸٸͷҲҪȥ١

ϷøӦеı£սţ˵Ҵɳǵòĸ󣬴ɱһݶ

ע⵽÷奲ûм뵽

ĬĬس극Ӱóʫһ߱飬һ֣ľڵддӯд֡

ǲڿ÷ͣ½ѧľӽֱ˯ӯϣһЦ˵ͷկ˸Ҷʶ֣˱㽫ⱾϵʫȫȻݱһ֣˵ѧĻûѾͷء

һЦ
ʵǸӣöֶдˣҽˡ

ɾй֣СŮ
ҲɫطС

÷ЦЦܵĺǣ̾˿ҪߣҲƼˣЩ˶ŵѪӣҲҲ֪ҵģӣȥҸĸˣɽկﶼЩ޳֮ˣʱճˣᱻ۸

Ҳûߡ
ǲܡ

һѾˣݲңҼˣֻܸȨƵϻ
Ҳѣа꣬Ѷ뷨Ӿңɼûô֣
ȥҵǿߣһЩ˽ٲƽɫô죿й¶˷ɱô죿

ԣҪǱ÷奣ֵط־ءѧ飬˵˺Щֻ֪źȿͷıɷǲһġ

Զ棬϶

һסԼŻ磬ס纮ĿԣɾҴЩHȳҵĶˡɾӣô죿

÷˼Ȼһ䣺С̸ȣݵĹٻ϶ԶСҸأ

ҿŻ𣬵;ʧ٣Ʊػٸע⡣Ҳʹʲôģһ·񱱾սھˣˣǾ鷳ˣɾѵصľѹкý˵ˣ϶ӡǣѰ;ȥʱҲҵطˣұ任

÷üͷ壬ͷЦòţûǿ
εؿҵ˼ǣǻûСܵǰףȴѡ

ɾԺҲ׼Ȣô

÷ݸǲܴˣҴȥϷͷ棬뻧ѰӪܲһӵ˰ɡ
˵Ħӯı̾˿ҵˣǿѾͷҶܣúõӣӡ

һЦ･̤ʵˡ
ͬ˵Щ˵ҵĽѾ˴룬̽˾䣺ɾΪλΪܣ

Ȼ÷女Ƭ̣ʧɱˣټϼеرֶᣬû취˲ɽ
ţңСأΪα߽Ѻ͡

̾˿ҵȷţڴ٣ֻΪǣ̫׹ưţȥ׵˲ˣǱӦϣҪȥУǧѹļˡ

ơ

ʶǣѾʼͶԷ˵ˡ

ûиңΪܵԭ׸¼йأӯ˳ɶŮ͵ģ
ҲûʵǹС㡢ֶŮ̫ӵδޡ

ޡ

ʮ꣬ǽᷢޣ޼䣬һӿా

Ҳܣ˵ᡣ

̼ǵõ꣬˵ݺ

ŷ۵Ŀڣݺݵؿͨչҵı˳

ǾʶƵģһ㶼֣ҲΡ

ЦѾͷ˵дɣǱô

°ӣӯϣҡο˯ŵãЦܿˣ֣СĸͽҴɡλǸģȡ÷奣ˮ奡

ָͷڵд֣ͷ΢Ц奣ͬס
ҿ˯ӯ䣬ʣأ

ԭиܵܣѵʱˣɼӡ
÷ָͷõĽëЦʱҲǸĺӣɰôҶ֪Լ绹ǵ
˵÷һЦҲܽѾͷʶ֣ȡɡ

÷ߣϵȶȣаȫУڹֻҪͷͷЦ

ϲװĴʡѾƻƻаӯ䡣Ī꣬磬˱Ȼƻݡ÷ʯд÷ң֪ѩΪаѾͷ֣ϣӯɡ

÷ӯ䡢÷ӯ䡣
÷好Ѿͷ˼飬ʮ§סңЦֺҵ÷奺ôãҶ֪ʲô


һʱ֪ô˵

Ƽҵѹ÷ҵļЦȥҪҲ䵽һмˣǰȸҼѾͷһҲһ⣬ϣԺӣƽ⡣



ʮңûˡû˼ң
ʮңɷã˼ҡ

ӴԺҽ⡣






6.     ɼҺܼ򵥣ȴҲ

6--

ԭɼҺܼ򵥣ȴҲѡ

ô˵أ

һףúʣ໥ϲһӣƲˣһϿĸͷͳɼˡ

ɳɼҲѣžҪáҵŲϵ߶ѣӯĽҺȥδӣ⡣

ٹ󣬺߲ǧڹȥ˵ֵʲôɶȺˣܳԼӵƸ

ʱ÷ɱģʮ˷֣缸˷֡

ҵĽ£ͷһӣҹŰϡһӯ䣬͵͵뿪կӡ

һĿװؤڣͣ໥ߡ

ڵ߾սϸ۷أ˹ѳϼҴڣϱߺͳȥ

һ·ϣǿӶʳҲ˸õʬ׺Ͱ׹ǡ

ԭһΪԼеѹһЩˣȻ֣Ҳûô⣬룬һˣ˼ңΪԼ˳

ʵ֤Һ÷奵ľȷġ

ʧûգص½ˣҲ½ݵĸףʾκɱΧǻɽˣģͨӷˡ

һ˵սľسݣϱȥ

ȵ˵أҸչʮ

һлһ죬Һ÷ҪﻮģǮǮθͷ棬øɾ׵ݻȥ

õǣҺ÷奵뷨ǲıϣһΪǮģվȲȨġ

Ǹ׶Ϊ֮·ƾһӣʵ֡

Ҫģǽܱɿܡ

ͷһǰģǻ⡣

£ĺܺá

װİ󣬹һأ׼һӵ򣬼գԷΪԶݡ

¾˳ˣб˵ǣӺйϵ뻧ʮ˳

ҿʮʱһҶ˵أլԺѾͷͣعӡ

⣬ڡ

ھӪӺصͬʱݻ˱ӣľ˸飬õѧʡ

ʱ򣬵Ҳ飬ӡѧɵײͬӲȡļ¾䡢κѧƳ徭塢֮ѧǶҪġ

һͦ๫ûͯӹӲѧڳɹҲ˵ڣŵˮƽǿﵽˡ

ڵسȽŸ˳ϤԼĽȦӺҺʹɾͿʼıӣȥ¡

˳˳ġ

Ψһ˳ģҵӡ

Ҳ֪ǰǱ裬ҵˣѻУԼӲɣұ㵽ҽҩһһسԣϡ

ǸûԶøûġ
һʼԸ÷Ȣңҽжȣּе㿪ʼֺңȴڵסֿʼڣûԵʣҲ

뷨跨ظ檣ﵽңͷôϵġ

룬ޣһӿాģȻ

ԸѵǶμҸ뻵ɻҲ檣ֻû٣ҲûãʦܵҲ¡

ûкӣڼңúͰ϶춷˼ӯϡ

Ѿͷģһһ꣬㲻Сʱֱףܸѡ

ǣҺˣͳ÷׽ˡ

ұҪʶ֣Ϊ˴ĵͬʱҸ˸ɾëѾͷź

ŮǶЩƷ㡢廨Ū裬ҵҲöͷţҶ

˵ͯûôӣϲ㣬ࡣ

Ǹúӣʮңҡ

ڵصͷ꣬ⱲҸļꡣ

Һʹûӣǹͬҳ䵱д֣ÿҹʹʹЦһ

Ҹܶݣܿ죬ɾȢ˶ɼҵĹŮ





7.     

7--

÷£ܻᷢƩϲ㲻

Ҷʮʱ÷Ȣ˶

ɣǳ׵ĵͷ

Ҳ֪ô˵еѹ
СʱҼ£Ҳ֪ͷӸôȣɷͨǸŮˣôԸͱŮ˷ɷ

ڵ¸ҵӹͦ

ΣҪҪ˵ܺĽдţҺܺãÿÿʣֽϵģֻỨ

ҵһдţǱ˷֣ҵ˻꣬ྭӪļҶ顣

ԣұǸûҵˡ

ûңǿƣͻݣίʱû˰ͷû˸ֻع

ȿڣҪ÷檵ģȻǰϡ

ҵԵ˶ϣôõĶϱ㣬ʲô檡

ԽԽãģ˺ͺѣҲʼҸǰ檵ˡ

Ȼ÷ȷҵӣͬŮ

֪ʵ綼ͷֻӣû˵ڰˡ

Щ£Ҳû˵ڣҲ֪

֪ҤӣǴκͬųԾƣڻѵʱȥһΡ
һ֪һ¼ǸѾͷ͸Ǯһ㣬ʾǸСѾͷϹ룬ϴա

װû֪

ңˣ֪ˣݺ˳ǸѾͷˡ

ƣõ䡣
ҲӣӲ

ɶңͲһˣ˵ʲôȴұ̲õ£ССôãԺļҹӸҪ

Ϊġ

֡ã

û˵ֻЦЦȻ˿ޣȻҿ޵ʱ򣬻ǡɿ

ûЩ¡

ɰϲưոݣֱָҵı˵ǲµĸТ޺ΪҼ޵÷ô꣬ƨһˡ

ںֵͬʱʼҺʵŮˡ

˵ʣ˵͵һʱ

ǸŮ
ǽ̼ҵĹŮвǶ฻󣬸ĸֵܶʵ

޽ʱʮߣ˵ʱ︸׿ӣÿο·ӵ÷奣ЦŴк

֪ȢģҸĸý˼˵ͣ¾ͳ˸߰˰ˡ

ǳ¡

ŶģװȣƷòŮ˵λ

֪ҵĿ࣬һֱ֡

¶ƢųȢǸŮˣ͸ԼҸɷ򣬺˽ȥ

ɵѽ˵Ķɵ

һֱԼûңѾͷҵѽ

ȻϽľݺݴһ٣ڲ׺ٷų

죬Ȣ˶

ʢװ磬ЦӯӯؽӹĲ裬ҽкѣҶҶ£ȣˡ

ֻԼ֪ͬ˰ѵӰۡ

ҹ·ﴫ֨֨ĴҡͭǰˣݺԼһ⣬ȻЦˡ

ȥ񷿣ɰ󣬱ޡ

ɵѾͷĦҵıûɩӣ㻹أҸҪǴ㲻ãҼ˺󣬾Ͱߣҹ㡣ưɣԺôĥǸС潸

ҽѾͷѽ

»òԶңʤᡢʣֶ÷女һƬ羴ѡ

÷奲ŮˣɾԸȥҲףΪʲôˡ

ҹѽűߣ˵ŷĵĻʱҺȻˣʱ˵Ůġ

ǳɻȻһֱֺã⺢Ӷ÷奣Ҳûͬ˵

Ȼˡ
һ϶ᱧӣһΪ̫ˣ˳ңԸ⿴̫ơ

ºˣи˺һģԺһԸҡ

ռ޹ʱ¹һһ㣬ǣϲ󣬶ҵ̬ͱˡ

Цǵͼÿ÷Ʒǰԡ

Ͱϣûٸʹӣûҡ

ûͻݴȡ

˻иŵ㣬̣Ҫҿ̺ܶ꣬ҵʵĻᣬݺݴ

ĶӣĺޣĽ

ҳЦԼﰡǸ֮ˣôá

˺ܶꡣ

һˡ

ֻ֪ǲУǲܻС

Ǻӵĸףɺӵĸףȴ÷奡





8.  ʹ   òû

8  --ʹ

˭ƽ˳Ĺȥ

Ҳϲƶɱ˵Ķ񸾣ûдҵĵߣҾԼմѪ

ʮԺ꣬ҹЩơ

ڼ޽꣬У˸ӣС

ϵӣ˵úϲ£죬Ϊˮ㣬ÿˮƵƷ

˵ӣײƹ֮ܽѵˮƵĳԡ

Ϊ˽ʡ֧Ҫ󽫼еѾͷЩȥ

ʱҼһӣĸѾͷˡ

ǰһҺ÷奷һϺһ

綼ˣȶѾͷ

÷奵Ȼһԣͷ˼ҵĹǰѾͷź۳ž͵֮꣬סޡѾͷǱزٵġ
̺ӣӲãôҪóģȻҸǰġ

ֻ֪ϱܿҵһС

֮˳ţŮ⡣

һΪҪŮ÷ҵĵĸһðѹܼҴȨץ֣

۳÷˸ǰսԺ϶иһְٰģҪŮ÷˵ϻϼף÷Ǹˣӯ޸ҵĺӡ

ҲںŪңҴý˵ĺӣģպ϶Т˳ĸģҲۺӣ˵ĵһҺ˳

ӲԼģô죿˵ˣ桢˾һڣң

ҵȷ˿Ľӯ䣬ƷЩһʦ壬˹еӣһֱ뵽ʮ꣬Ө㣬ټ⺢ӳʵҽϽûǾ˵׵ģǺ׵˶ż̤ˡ

ⲻҾͿˣ֡

ּһ㣬òû£һ쵽ǳԾƶǮҲ֪ǼףΪλԼ

Һ÷Ȼһϡͬ⡣

ɰȴúãΪòģ͵ɷϽס˵÷ݣˣϼף

ⷬ˺üա

ǲףֻèʮҲиˣΪӶӡ

ÿ÷һ֮⻰˴𣬶ִ⣬ٸҴõ⣬Уĸ׸ǰŪ

жӣ޿ֵϴ˴ڿƣ÷˵˲ӯá

˵ˣҵĵߣǲֵġ

ҵĵߡ

ҳҴ壬ٵ̸ͣôڲסġΪ˲ɣҸߴңǺū澣ү£ǼұҺΪȡ

ˣҾͻȻŶֲӶô࣬ԭźС㡣һЩСŻĸĸཫ͵ҽһЩܼ¡Ϊ˴ĵ

ټҴ¹ΪǫͣҲдȥּҡµˣˣڵصЩ꣬ҵĿڱԵ

˵иŵ㣬̣ҸʵĻᣬݺݴ

ҲԼ֣ںҳʱżԹ

Ṉ̀ģСΪһǮСﳳòɿ

ʱճˣڸ˶úܲ

֪ǸŹģǺ֮ǰҾͽӯȲˣƷˮϺ޸øǿ࣬

𽭺ƭӣǿ췹Եġ

ȿһͨ˵λ˺÷Ժ˺ͨޱߣȻٱһͨ˵ɷȫС

ȻҪں˵ĵŸϳȥǣ˳µصţ϶ڰϺǰŪǷǣҰ֣˵ҷ÷ҡ

ֲֻܣȥ

ⲻֳ˴£һʬ̱ˡ

˶˵ʮʱ˵һˮ롣

ǡ

ʮǰҹƣСС֣һжС

ʮԺ÷̯ˣңӯˣҲһαıˡ




9.     з

9 --

Ҷʮˡ

ЩŮˣܶŮѾףٹ꣬˵׼ܵĸˡ

ңӲԼˡ

Ҿöʮ꣬ڹӣһŮˡ

ҵͷԾµϴ񣬸ӳ졢ģз飻

ҵӳȣô˵أøںμ̵Ļ˵˾еĹðסˣ©й˵ס

ңƻеĹ

Ҷʮ꣬˵ڶ

Ǹ÷ĺ£ҵɷȻǸˣϾֻиһӣЩˡ

˵ǸʱΪӯĻ£ʵѷˣԴУڼеĵλˣ÷Ҳ˯

ǸɼĶ

÷奸ɫֿʼ⡣

һ֪ôģ

ʵԭһ顣

һѾͷᱻ弸䣬Ǯ£ģ

ԣ翴˳ˣҵȢЮס÷ΪùӣȻҪãտ϶Ὣһޡ

ҵˣҵļңҿԲҪ˲

ĸͷϵʱǸݺѾһ𣬳Ծ˵Ц

ƽײӯͿ֬Ĩۣ죬˻ӣĨ֬

ֵ֪۾һֱû뿪òɵ

ҿ÷奵ͬžƣЦ˵ﵽͳˣҸһºʵ˼ҡ

ڸ־Ƶʱҽָ׷صĴ.ҩһ㡣

ȻòŻͷβطͼ죬÷ץסݺݴһ٣Ρ

һжС

ǰҺ÷奶һۣʹĬѲ֪ȻҰͷץɣ˺һ飬װòƵϷ



ǸòŵʱȺͿˣǵԼ׵Ϸ˭ֻԣ÷奴ȣԶ̤һ

ֻҵһС

űңұƽʱ˵˾䣬֮ⲻھơ

棬ϺȻĻ

˵òʵұģ÷˽ܣ÷ץ˸š

ûӰĻǶȥѰɢˣ

ַϣ˺þõĽ֡

˽÷奣Ȼȴ˸̡

£һͷѰ￴Ʒڼĵλǰ԰˵̶ﻳ̥̫ãЩ˵ꡣ

ϰŰɣû˵ʲôɱȴ͵͵ֽ

µʱȥ˵ĸд

˵ķ--̫̫ϲң֪ҴǰǺѾͷǵûͿңұЩҵ̫̫мʶ

÷ڸ£ҸɿһЩТùĹŶΣ˽ϵк¥ߣ֡

ˣҲ㿴ġ

ʱҼ׮£̫̫˺ܲޣɷǰͷ硣

ûã˽÷奵еһߣݺ˵һ١
˵ȢͣƷòлãΪ˸ɼҵøֵüլýϳЦ
ϸ룬ͬȥ٣Ůܳŵĳôȥ󸾶ｻӦꣿ

÷صҺûзȴҲû˯ԸȥѣҪʡЩƷˡ

߸µʱ÷奺ȥ٣Ǵ˾̫ࡣ

Ȱ̫ļ
̫ǻʵ۵צõʱ֮Ȩûõʱ򣬵ԴһϦ֮¡

̫಻ȹ̵Ŀɽ

÷ǴˣȻߵ
˽ϣʾʲôͳױųˡ

ԣҲһѡ
˼еӺū澣Ǯһӡ

ûҪһ֮ɡ

÷ȥӣ֪Լˡ
Ϊ˽ʡ֧ҰÿյĲһһһԴȻԹ

ҿźͰϽ͡

ٳ£Ҳ֪ӵǰӳš

Ⱥ¡
һڶ̥ˡ

ҶӲڼңûˣܳˮ

˽Ѱӣҩ˰ӣˣҹٰѹȥء

˵ڵصԵܺá

ҾӪ֬ͷ⣬Щ¥Ǵˣҽܲ
ǰٻĸǰûоܾҲûɰ󣬰ڷڰԿܣȥˡ

Ҵ÷奵ͬţֽ˼ڼңƺƵɱٻ󣬸øƵ֣ĸ˸ҽĸ˽ºҹϵܺãҴ˼£˳ϡ

ûôģ㲻׵ģҲðѺˣұ˴

ϱûʲôƷҲˡ

Ҳ˰ѻ͵͵Լţһܰӣȥ˵仰

Ÿ߰ϣﻳѾͷǸɷǣרſ˸ĸլ

Ҫô˵ŹϹˡ

ϸ˼죬ǰԴк󣬼з̫¡Ϊ⻹ڶӵŮǾβתģӺӡ

Ҳˣðϰø⡣

ν⣬Դһϼƣ͵͵һ̥ҩȥ

Ůá

ŲӺһϣ˸ӤѾͷǸѶġ

ְֺûڣ̱ˡ

ˣڳˡ

ҵļƻ˵޷죬֪ߥŶ̥ŵˣϵˣ˰ϺЩŹøоŴ£Ц˵ԱӦˬ

ΨһҸ¶ʱ򣬱ˡ

֪϶˵ȥҲӰܳʱӶֱңͬ˵

ˣҪôҪô

˵ˣҲϲƶɱ˵Ķ񸾣κίҶֻ̣ҪҵĵߣǾӯ䣬ϡ

ǺӣҺܱǸ

ûбĻ˵ֻ˵

ڴҵ֪һ£÷εٲ˳ʵ˾ࡣ

ТȥǮˮƯ⻹ģĻں档




10.  ޷   Ŀʼ

10  --ò

ԶҲǸѪζϡ

һĿʼע޷ͷòꡣ

ɱһ޴ĸˣиδĺӡ

ÿʱ϶ָʹŹ˵

ҵȻ֪ʲôշֽͷ˻ҡ

ûãϾ˸--衣ֶΪ˵ãѲ̥ᡭΡ
ˣڰҲͦģһЩ潼˿̥

ʶϻ˴Ǯλ衣

һʼ㣬ô뿪Ͼ£ʳңǿɾˡ
˭֪һڤ˼룬ϾȲظѰ˸ᡣ

ҲǣǵҵĸΪҪ£ҿ϶Ҫģһð֧ߡ

ԣд˸Ÿ̫̫˼ǣϱϽ⣬ǽǣ̫̫һ

Ȼ̫̫˸ӣȥ

˳ӯϣ˵Ҳȥݵĸ̫̫ǣûкʵ˼ңˣÿˡ

죬ܺãץƾˣȴѺƴãûһѡм䣬һȦ˵תת

̫̫Ц:ôˣĲɵġǵҴɣûµģǸˣһж˳ġ

һźһ潹ͷö:ǲȣоʲô·

̫̫ׯЦúϲ£죬ѾͷյѩΣȰ:ҿϹĵƽ޹ʵܳʲô£ƲģҲʼ㣬¶࣬ңҿ㡣

Һ˿б̫̫Ц:Լ˵ҪҵģɣҴȦɡ

Һһڹټ̫̫ƣ㣬Ƴ࿴࿴ǿޣ˵ļҹӺãļҵĲá

˵ţˡ
Ȼ˴죬ǲˡ

ҵϣ̫̫

һСӼֶ
Ҳˡ

˼಼Χ˻ȥ

ĺѾˣǸ̥ԺɤӺĺڣֺݣҩӡ

żƲ綼ˣ豻Ҽס߲ˡ
Թ˼ϣһãǶǶϽַˣǻ֪Ʒ϶Ǽ˺ͿĴ

豻˵ˣæȥֹѪ幬ָһսʱõֹѪӣҸϽץҩ

Ϊ˱ӣȥץҩҩڼҸ˹衣

ڼ䣬ȥ˳ֹѪҩ찾ˣԸѾͷȥˮգô˻ᣬҰ綼õҩµ

߳ӭ㶵վſڣ̨ߵ룬:ɩӣʲôˣ

ѵ:طСӿѪȶ˭ģԽԽˡ

Ұסˡ

һҩȥѪûֹסһϣˡ

ˣŵˣҸϽغŻ߶ȥЩӸ裬ͳһÿڹ˵ѪǴ̥

ҪǮͰŤ:۵ңҪϱҴ̥ܱˮ

ּ䣬ˡ

ȻǱʹӰϺ軥á֪Щ࣬һʼҲңҰȥѹ֪£ټھͼӴ׵˵ʵ飬ºܿʵ:

÷Ϊ˴ϸٵӣȻɥϱŮû뵽һʬ

ȻͰϹȥȻվֵٲñǴ˼⡣

죬ǰŮʬףӸˣ¾仰һҪ棬÷ҳ

̱ˣˣſޡ

׼Ҫʱ:ɩӣǲġ
˵:ǣôҪ˵
:ھȥˣɩµĶ

޵ģû

Цȥ

֪ģһʱͻСûӡңվ

֮Уȥ˳

ƣҼ⵵£ֳ˽ͷβЦ

պ÷奺˻ˡ
ȥܲ˳ԭҪ̫٣ûʵۿʼ˾࣬ﻹٶػ

˭֪һؼң¡

÷ŭɶǸТӣĸ׿νϹϾˣأԼﶯ˴
ǸǸ൱ˣɹң͵͵ѯʣһִģѡҡ

ߣڵӣŮַͬŶ֤ˣҾȵļʱ粻֪Ķȥˡ

÷ȻҲƲ壬뽫źϣģ׷ס

ǱߣҲ֣Ҳ̫ƫ̻÷奻ӣ˽¡

Ĺ˾һӣʮĶƲġ

ɵӣΪ˸籼ǰ̣ȱˡ

Ϊ˲ã͵͵ʱ˵Ĵͼȥˡ

±Һ÷֪ˣæ׷٣ɻűˣ˵ǸлĹӡ

մ˺ܶ¡ϻԵлӷԵ޷֡

Һһָͷ᲻ö죬˺ݡ
÷ݺݵشѾͷ˵Եʣһʹޣ·ʧɢһˣ»صһƵġ

С

ΪѼӡ̫֤ܿͲ鵽ͷϣ÷奣Ҳˡ

ʱͬһ㡣

ǻʵݶһҧϣȫˡõģ٣ãˡ

οʲôݣһɡ

ʱﻹе˽ˣϽߣɵҵʱȻԥˡ

Ͼʮأѣңһңһڷ絲ܡ

飬ңȴ塣

ˣҶһ£ܲܰȳ

ҽѾͷ˴ˣְϤйϵˡæҵʱҳû٣Ҽɨ˸ɾˮӶˡ

ûպۣĴǣӼˮƯҸ˲졣

ߵºܿͽ᰸ˣѾ־ǰ÷奵ҪѺͷ䡣

Ϊ䶨÷Ҿʹˡ
û뵽Ȼת

һҹ֮䣬˰ٺȻа䣬һڰҹΣȺϹٵķ䡣

Ҳ£ĳ¶˾ʵ飬ط참Ļͷᡣ

Ȼûãˡ

˵ͨ죬ܲǰûš

ˡ

˵÷ǸˣǵͷⱲӶ˵׸ɵĶŮ

ͬʱȨ֪꣬͢ǲ˾࣬鵽ͷϣЩ˳ıߣǵһɱͷġ
֪͢͵طìܣκȨѬ죬µ׸ɸ˵һκƣǮ֧žӡ

ǣ÷˸˫£мˣе

Եһصأ͸дţҪȡͬʱʱ䣬

ܿ죬ָʹܵˡ

Һ÷奵

ӵһμҾ֪ǸΣյˣĻǸ÷奡

û뵽պȢΪ÷




11.     

11

÷꣬ĵڶת䡣

ʮʱңҡˡɱŵɪɪ޻ױסĸôˣǻ׹ݰΪʲôʲôʱܻصУ

ʮңС⡣

ʹҵľ͵ơ

ƣĶˣƲһҹ֮ʧұ˰ˣӱٸ⣬ҡĸӯ䱻ٸȥͷ

ңô

ⶼ¡

֪ܿޣԹҧһУѡ

ʱ˱ѺϾ÷򱻹˴Σ˵ǵϹٵķ䡣

ףѩ̿ѡ
ǵʱ򣬶˹һţռˡ

ûѾԾԾԣҪȥҲҽܵ澣˵̫̫ѾȥɽǱˡټںͷ£˵ʮֲá

ÿЩҵԵҰӯͰ͵ϵͦõ˼УԼ强Ǯȫóй˼ӣҹػǣͬʱҲϵȥŴϢ

ֻҪûɱˣҾл

κ֭Ƶģѹ˲

౼ȥҪܰϵĺɥԹ

һޣңô

˵ᡣ
ȴ飬ѡ

ѩֳ

飬ϻȥʮꡣ

һ˳ʱ򣬺ٻᷴ˼Լôģֻдܺ󣬲ŻͷԼ˽š

÷ΪλΪޱ̫
ΪλˣΪȨǮ˭Բһţϣҵɷ

Һ˼䣬Ȼš

Ұ˯ʣ˭
ͷҼҴҪˡ

ڸõ

ͷ崺ͷܰкŨľζֻһ֧ͷƲòᡣ

Сʱ̰׺󼸺ˣΪϲζ

ǵϣӹȲ裬˿ڣûҺȡ
˾ʵ࣬ǻʵΪ£ȨͼԦٹٶõĻ̫񳤰ָʹǶȨƵˡ

˺ܶ飬ʲô
÷奵Ĺ֪֪˻ʲôܻ¸Ϊ

ǣûʡ

ЩúôЦʡ

һ㶣Ĳ㷭ˡ
֪ɱȨ÷΢ˣ־ͷˡ
ԣҪһеͬ顣

һûڣһ䣺ˣ̫ίô

Ϊô˵
Сʣε̾˿ҼҴǸûµˣ˽ʲôʲô̧֣

ͷЦҵĻչŮΪ澣ꡣ

˲䣬ҵĺ·ͣˡ
ҵЩδ߹κˣ÷奡

ȻֶΣܵ¶ܲ

ģҷ侲ǸߴӰӣЦЦǳģǺðգҪɱҪУϤ㡣ֻиӣ޹ģҺ綼ûˡ

ʮǰô
Ȼ˵ô䡣

ٴס
ʲô˼λʲô˼һ·

̽˾䣺˼Ȼҹ񸾣Ҫա

ЦЦپϲʹ˵Ѿ

ţ͸ҽ÷奵ӯ
ԭӯ׸ɵĶŮǳΪκŹǣ֧κ췴͢Ҫ˽κƱҪұ۳֡
ɺͼдҲֵһˣ޷ǡԭԬ鼴衣
Ϊ˱ӣŴ󸹱ԬԶرѣ·Ϫʱũ÷ңǡʱϸղ¸ӣҲʱ̥¸Ů

һϸĶӳ䵱ԼĺӣȡΪϻȥҲҪ÷š

ʮ÷奲Σգĸ˳㰵Ǳ¼ұԺѻδµӯ͵ɱ˱ԺʮˣҽӵԬڲյĵؽ֮УԬ˱գű˷֣ȳȥʱȻ־ˡ

¼λү÷奵׵ܵܡ

ӯĸԬΪԹɷºݶ£ΪʧȥŮ˼ȣ÷񲣬ȥʱһ˵ɱ֣档
ڰУ͵Ԭ̲꣬סƭԬŮ䣬Ԭ˹մȥ·ǿкԬ鷢˹ϵ
ԬȻУǸҵģʹƭҲŮԾˡ

ʱԬֳųԬȥ¼˵ǮƣԬҸӸ˳ȥ

ӴԬҺͳ¼ҾͶԬұЩڶͬʱҲһֱѰ͵ߵıá

ҷ·֪ʲô֪÷奴˷϶ữΪġ

Ȼ˵ֱⷬӳ⣺Ͼͻ÷ϵϣʱ÷奻ݣͬϳ´ٳɵܵõĻ£÷奵Ҫһ֮ٵʱҲڱλص

̵֪ͳλãıģǹҴ£ʣ˵ܲ롣

ʲô

˿ھƣ˵÷Ǹ˵ˣ˼ƿأܻΪԸκһУðڲأҪ泯͢ϱһһ

һȻڵϣ侲ؾܾˡܴӦ

Ŷ
Ц㲻±ٽس

ҵһЦ˵ʮǰˣǰ޴缦֮޸ºͶҪҵֻ϶ף

ȻŶֺ˼ھƣЦԭзŮˣĳˡʮǰɱΪԴףıһʬҽ¸֪÷奡

˺οǿء
ݸһЦ֪ԼＸҲ볯͢£˵ӣ˼Ҽҷ⡣

պȻˣû˵Ĭ˺ܾá
ȼͷʱһ˺ڰˡ

֣Ӹڵİҽ̧ŸŮʬףϸһƣ˿ʶߵš

ҵʱżˣ຦¡
յĹѾ壬µ²壬ı֮µΨһһ©--ţҲҲˡ

ڴʱ˸Уվͷ˳
æͷĸˡ

⿴ͣࡣ

ȷʵǸˡ
ҲգҲǿˣԺΪ֮ɣţ͵ͷ˵һպǻ棬ڡ

ߺҵʱ˿̱ڵϣþòܻ

Ҳ֪ԼôӸ߳ȥģߵſڣҿ÷奡

յ֣֮һȦ
ŲĮֱ֣̇£ͷ㶵ضõҶɫӣвʣжյһ˷ܡ

ҳˣ´ңĿкᣬ¸ҿ˸ͷмӵıߣаչĸá

˵һˣġ

Ƿ໥ţߣ꣬¡

Ȼ÷ңλ˰ʲôˣ

ֱĨᣬ˼ӯ£Ưаˡ
ţŤͷʣʲôˣ

÷̾˿ûʲô˵һ£ȥˡ

ǣȥˡ

Ҳ֪֪ҵĹȥѾ֪˰ɡ
Ҳ֪֪Ĺȥ֣Ҳ˰ɡ

Ƕû˵ƣȥʮ˵ʡ

֮ͣǰʲô㣿
סң̾˿رɣˣҸźס

ʮ꣬ճˡ

ҵƽӣӴҲˡ




12.  ɥ֮Ȯ   ĵط

12--ɥ֮Ȯ

һʮңɥ֮Ȯٺʲˡ

ʮʱҺ÷¶ģļȫڱӡ˺ͶδȥϷ

ʮֿտգƣ໥¼ɣֻص˱

Ϫ磬֣÷奵Ĺ硣

ôʮң
ĺˣôȷأ

磬֪ӵнӣˮļǲΪ桢ΪΣǰУСɺȻȵʯͷйˣˮ˷Ϯû

ǰ·ãã֪ȥδظƶ飬֪ξꡣ

֪ԽʱԽҪѡ

Һ÷奴ĬûаѸرΪǰ·δ֪棬ǵѡ

÷Ǹܾˣ֪ԼͳɳˣֱӽӯȥȨƣסɡ
֪ɳǸˣʱ棬ѡ͢κ

ԣмĴ羢

ҪڳǰɣУõĵطϪ硣

Ҫһ˵ùȥɼõĵطϪ硣

÷女䵱мˡ

ǰٺú󣬾ȥ԰Ϻӯ˵ȥһɣӣǰͻ

ϲ֪飬˵ᣬҲͬ⡣ϾôųԷŪЩӻ
̱ˣռҿ޺Ӳ˷򣬾ӯǻˮ

ҺͺͿ˼ƽʲô

ຮ˷ŪɽˮľأǺˮıӶ˽ģֶͨ죬ȥʮָմˮݽˮϴ˵¿㡣

ʹң絽ʲôȥˣô
÷ͷĻӣˣǵ˳үҪǼҽء

¼׸϶˼һͷ̡
ұ˳Ļͷ˵ǹ檣ȰѾͷס˵

Ƕӣиǰɧţء
˺ǻˣſڱտҪš

֪˾ٰģ֪Ϫ綼ļ֮С

ܻ

ɴˡ

˵׻ͦġ

׹ףɽźһ۲ضŮǺô뵽ǸѪˡ

ҲգĽٿʼˡ
ǳϻĸס

ʵҺɵ뷨ӯģϻģֱ⣬Ĵʽӽϡ

ˣ÷ҾܻɸΪ񲯣ܰڸǰտţš

˭֪м˱ʣð

ɺһν̸ͱˣֱӯ䣬ȥ˲أϻҲȥˡ

ط£Ǻ֪ģ澪Ķǡ

ԭǿȢӯ䣬Ա£ΪԼˣȳɱκңнϻı½ΪԼӣ½Ƴϻʯͷļ.ߵ˳¼Ĵүϻ

û뵽ܴΣյҾȫˡ
Ҹû뵽ͳϻӯ䡣

ϻڲر˵Ĳᣬӯһص
ʱҺ÷奱ڳ¸ۿСӴǷϵվĵͬҺ÷奱֤Ժ˺ӯ䡣

ʱķѪԵ棬ϻ񣬲̫ᣬĴĥ̫٣û̹ӯ䣬Լ

Ƕʱ䣬÷奵ǰ̼ˣص
ɿ϶÷奸ǰһԼˣ..̳ѾͷС磬ʶ֣ѰٻҵСࡣ

÷Ҹǰ˵˺ܶΣңӦѣҲţΪĺ٣׸ˡ

ÿÿüȥﵽײζ

ǵ÷奺ԲҹҺ˾ƣڳ¼ҵͤźϵһҶۣ

䲻֣źĴ멣ߣСŲ裬̾˿ŹŮˣ꣬СҾӪҲ˾壬лЩĳչŮ

֪仰ĵġ
ٶԼ̣м֮ġ

ңЩúô޸÷奣ίô

žͷˣЦүôʵĺһô

ЦҡͷңźϵСۣЩһʣֻǳں棬ʡ泤ĳʰɡ


һ㶡

ЦЦ멹øЩ˼ؿң㻹飬Σ綼ɱ㡣߹˵÷Ĳˣ

ҺܲϲĻһ׳ˣͬһεεŮʲô
ЩУǫͣû뵽Ҹǰ˵ֻ绰

ҺܿͲл
ҸŮ󣬰˵޳ܣҲҡ

´磬лֱ˵
ҷ¾ƺһЦ

Ǹ͸Ůˡ
ɸҵ˱裬ƺȶ׺ͿԺǺȲա

á
Ҷ裬һڡ

÷ǸպһΪٲŮˣûңûŮ㣿
ɵһЦ˸Уҵļ򣬵Ҹжӯ䣬ֽһ´磬Ҿ˵֣֣ϸĥһ°ɡ

˵⻰ˡ

˺ܾá
֣˭֣
÷奣ǵУѾ챻¼ɺĥˡ
÷奣Ǿǡˡ

ͤһҹûȾƣȲ裬ԽԽѡ

֮󣬳ͣǰ̫ҽԺԺУ̫ҽ

̫ҽʱûͳ¼ҾѣǳеذӣһϢҵֻЩ£ͨˣ

ҾͿʼҩӣؽϺõӺͣͷſʼԼ

ҲΪʮˣǡ෴ΪʮŮ껪
ûŮʱ¶е¸Ǻģ֪ҺѵǵַĿԻֻܵͣһ˿һĻᣬҶҪΪ׼

ӯӲػˡ

£ɳ˺ܶ࣬ˡ
ĺӣ֪ܲ˼

ˣ

ǳɲһ÷奲ҲԸ⡣

һΪ˼̫ˣӯӦ
ΣգǰδʷûһƾʲôǸ⣿

Ⱳڵ£ǸǺӶҩĽ

ܣպһδ˵ԼΪӯãڳ¼һԴϻᱻѹһͷģ

ɾͻɱҰ˵ܺͽ㣻
ӯⱲӻɷ͸ס֮ѡ

ݶĸˣҩ˸
֪ԼܲˣһںȹҩҪơ

˲䣬ҺȻˡ
ӯ䣬ĺӣʲôư

ƴţȥ

Ѿˡ
ұɴΣϵ˷

עٲҹӯ䱻ϻǿ.ˡ

Һӯ֮˸޷ϵ˿ڡ

Ҳ֪Щ˿кڡ
ϻȻᣬʮأɻ¡

룬ɺ÷奴Żڰɡ
÷奵ʱѬģֻԼǰ̣ᣬȶˣңЦЦţͿˣ˵˾仰ⱲӶҸˡ

ɸڡ
ܾΪŮãŮ˳ӵģӯ϶ʵͳϻŮһӴǰ

˽˵鵱⣬ֻ棬ֻ֪ƣȫӯġ

ʮңͬɥ֮Ȯص˱
޷ֹɷ檣һĺӺҡ

ҿʼ˼ͷԼ߹·侲Ժ󵽵׸ôߡ

ҲôˣôСˣӯ䣬ҲԼ

˵һ䶥һ䡣

һسػ






13.  ǣ   ǰǣ

13--ǣ

һֱ룬ҺӯʲôϵҰʲô

ã
ҵһǣұϧӯ䣬˼Уת
Ů
СʱҸι£Щҽʶ֡ҲΪɷĲ¼ɶģȴΪӯʹࡣ

Ǹҹǻƿ̶ġ

ҲܰŮ˶һûĳֺ˵һǿ
ұǿ.ˣ˲ģΪֻܱԼ£Ϊ£ơԾûʲôģ˭˯

ӯ䲻һ
Һ÷奵ĺǻ³ֻǸͨŮӣĵģЩëƤļҳ£ϻˣ

ϻ裬ҵķӦ
Ծˡ

ҪѹߣɱɾܾԸŮٺǽӴŽңö̫ҽŮʧˡ

ãֻС֮ìܣʱճˣͻͽ⡣

֪ǿŤĹϲ𣬿ɻǼְӴһ

ӯĻ񣬷ǳݣĽʮ㳲Цǣ绪صƣﲡεڴϡ

ϻģӯ䱻׳谮ӯϲڲر裬ҧгݵҪֻͬ

»ٰĥӡ

ҵųɵ棬ʹӣٴҪӯߡ
ûӦұ֤һȰϻˡ

÷ҪȥΣ˶ãҪҸߡ
¼ҲӯңʲôżæŵشߴҸϽˡ

ҴΣȥ˲ء

ʱĲأĺҡ
Ҳ˵̸ڣȶһ£㹻ͷۣ߾Խĺ˳û١

ô£÷Ūһͷ

ҲǳصģôڵصĹٳ죬϶Щֶεġ

ȥصͷһ£Ȱõ顢ȫһ飬ɵƺͼҽıסڲ
Σȶ⣬̧ɱ
СΧص˸ۣڲطϣ·䣬ģ

ȥʹҵ⡣
ûκΪ֪ˡ

һѼȻ֪һţֺӣûɱңܻ˰жң
򣬲˾򣬲˭ǰи˶ţ

ұֵ̫ļƣ̫⣬᲻ǻ
׾׵ʱֳһЩ࣬˾ǸŮˣҲ

˵ϲؼĴˣദѾ

ˡ

һʼΪǸһġ

ʱճŷ֣檲󣬶Т˳ȴ¶ġ

޸÷ʱҲСˣ֪ǲǳѾͷܶˣֳղ๫ÿնҶ˲ˮûжԹܼ֮ȨֵرС

ˣŸҿ
ģṧң
ǺУҲûбֵĶˡ顣

ʹΪʲô裿
ߣ˱裬Ц˵ū֪ԼλĶ

÷ٺκJ˲Ů֪ǶģͷģҪɲҲҪǲĹͨ檡

ܸǰŮ˶ˣȴϲˡ
Ϊڡһ𰾹ӣΪҶ֪ıҰĻʹࡣ

̰رҡḧҡң˵绰ôԽԽˣˮϡ

ЦЦû˵

ǰһĶ֣ڣѾûоˡ

˵ˣӯϣܵĲֹһˡ

÷Ҳѹ

֪ʹԼҲڹ˵
ӯǰĹ
ʱụ̂ҲԸӯ䣬ͱŹﵽ֣ﻻ򲼣зꡣ

Ѿ˶֮еһҵͷ֪ȨǮҪǣѡ˳ӯ䡣

е֪ӯúòã޷뿪أֻһдţ֮Уȫʯ󺣡
ͬһҲ֪ӯĲ׺ûûôĹ˼ɣ˳ȥ

ѹҼӯ䣬ҪŮǶϵĸɸɾ

ûȴ˳ϻ
Сʱ⼫ˣֱ棬ûָֻЦչ
α˵Ȼҿ϶۰˾ܷĵػزذɡ

֪òá

ûӣͼǣûзӯ䣬Ұģ˵뷨Ӱʰ䣬ѿ¼ҵ

Ҳ̫ţ˭
պαթԹòǻ

ƣӣص˲ء

ڶ࣬Դ׵ŷңݺᡣ
Ҵһͼ¶̥ҩ檣΢ºԺԽˡ

֮Ҷң¼ҡ

Ҳģٴȥ
֮УɻǲҼӯ䡣

ΣЩһˡ

ϻңеؽɩӣͬһҼӯ俴һЩʲô
СƺûͰҰϯ棬޾ϸӯϲʲôʲôʲôôദ

֪ϻϲ

˼գһ˲ء
Σ滺Щƣ˵İ

صأˣ˸ӡ
Ѿͷ˵ѺӼ£Ȩ˸ӡ

֪ĸжûʲôöӵӵ뷨
ҾܾˣӣԺӡ

Ƕʱ䣬ƵجΣμѪؿޡ
ﷳƣȥ

Ȼˡ
һʱ䣬һ䣬֪˵ʲô
˺ӣͳϻⱲӶˣԺʰ䣬ָôһУôӡ

ٴμ˳ϻ
˸ƵģûʧǷϾţô˾Ȼ˵£ֿѣлӷˣҪߡлӷ˭ٹӣ֮ӣӷƷֺãͳϻһ𳤴ʱżȻӯĴӴ˰ϻˣһ·ҵ˱ϻƣӯӷĴӵʮرǽݴʷŹһߣٹʵ൱ǿ͢κ˭ǲ
Ԭˣڱϣ롣ǰˣҲĺˣҪʲôҲҲٱˣֻİŮأÿ춺ŪԼĺӣƽӣΪʲôУ

ұ֤ģͺӺá

㷲ػص˲أҹҹߣﲻ̤ʵܾҪ¡

Ұº÷˵ˣ÷奵ʱûȴһ鷿һϣգ¸˽˳ҿӱ޵ȥ

û뵽ǳˡ

ϻ÷½ƶΣ

ôĻõĺӣôͱ˺ⶼҵĴ




14.     ±ӣΪ

14--

ܶʱҶԻ̬ȵġ

κҪ췴бǲġԴԴϵݹɱ˵ıǼǮ£ð׻֧ţԣɾͳ˾ص

Ȼ֪㣬ݵһУǶκۣҲǳɡ

ûġûҡǸû㣬УžǶŮӡ

Ŀֱָӯ䡣

ʧˡ

ӯ䱻ǿȼ޸˳ϻ

һֱΪʧӯ䣬½ݸӯ˶ƿŽҩΪ½¹ԭھΪʱӺ̫ҽΪ̫ҽǴĻǵӮӯķģϾõζȡ˳ɡ

ܱʵɵݵˣƲ磬ǸĻɲ⡣

ҲԸһԸӼһûʲô£ʵˣƽ˳ͺá

ҶƫԴҼ̫ˡ
ѵľ÷奵Ŀڲһɵı壬ϻΪҲġ

ںĽӴУҿšġ

ҼʹҲĽɸǸˣһʲôĵġ

ӯСжҺ÷奸ϵ

һμ˳ϻ
ȫˣûаȥ緢ˡˡûˡ÷ƭƲѾͷơ

ǰȥ˵飬Ұأĺֳܿñȿں̣ģ޷ʡ

һ㶼ͬŪ

Ҫӯ䣬е֪ӸԭûǸ

֮УҺ÷վһû

ͬ⡣
ԬҲͬ⡣

ҴûԬˡ
ӯױ磬ӯʮꡣ
÷£Ǵӵط𣬶ӯĸ磬ԸȴȻͬ
ΪԬĸŮйȥڿƾϱ¼ʹӣ꿼ϣͬ¼ҿνˣܽгһøȰϻܷ֡

ͺؽǳ˿ɱȣǻ۸ǳܼ

бʮ÷奡ɵ֤ռȫΪԴҪЮû뵽Ŵҵȫˡ

Ҫ

һӯԸϸ׺͸磬ţӯ䲻ϣɺ÷ҪȺӣͲ

ֳվҪ¼ǩ˺飬һϣϻɧš

ıӯ½

оݣжȣ˲ò

֪϶ıɱХ֤ͣƬ̣һۣʲôû˵֤ݶˡ

ӣһ󲽡

ΪãĴмɡ

Ԭĳ֣÷女ʧȥϣͷɥػ˲أûлȥҲ

ĺӣ֪ӡ
衢Сֺ룬Ŀ϶͸ˡ

ߣչҹҲеġ
ǣȻͬˣס󸮡
ҲֻܵҪκĲԲǰӡ

Ƕʱ䣬ҲҳǰҸˡҩ֪ܳԳģ֪ڣûҪҡ

ˣǰЦ˺ޡ
֪ϻڸǻʲôʲô겻ɢ

£ڹһ죬ֱ

ˣ

Լǹأƿ
ҲԼˣٴˣܾ

ġ

õǣճɾ

ûǳˡ
ܼ򵥣ѣ׺Ѷˣġ

ļ£ġ
Ⱳûд£Ҳá

Ĺﰡӵпɷߡ
ˣˣһŮˣҶڽáƣΪˡ

ҲǰҲ䡣

˯ðģҪġ

ҵ˳ɣұ˽½ݡ
ЦЦ˵֪ˣ̰š

ʱ꣬һ̤
ζ̼ҵļ䣬ѪȡơرϤ

ֵط߳ȥŮˡ

һˣƩ
һǷӡ
һ֣Ůˡ

Ҽ½ݵǿ̣Ҿ֪Ůˡ
ͷѾһƳˣڽʯӶڵĬдǽϣǰдʫʡ

ҽȥˣûңնʧǵд֣ӡ

Ҷ͵ƣʯǽ

ò˵ǸвŻĹдһֺκʫԹ࣬ԼãģƽƽıʹͲҡ

ߵǰͣ£ͷŮʣ֪˭ô

½û˵д֣·ûƵġ

ЦЦʣ֪Һӯʲôϵ𣿡

½ݶ˶٣ޱĽϵֲȥд

Ҳס֣ʹ.Цӯȡá

ò˵ǸŮ
ˣҽűߣǰѾͷĸ˫ҲƱݶߣ缲бȴ裬ĽȴȢŮˡ

ĺܿ

Բ𡣡
½ɤ˻ƣҵǸ

ΪһŹ
˴˵ˣӯϾûѾͷﲻؼ꣬Сʹ룬޲ˣȨƣˡ

ʮңͿˡˡ
ʮңᡣ
ĳ˵ӯĸףеĸ׶ˡŮˣ˺ܿģϻڹ

Ҷס½ݵ°ͣǿҶӡ
ûΪʲô˺޹ӯ䣬Ϊʲô¶û壬Ҹ˸£һиĹ¡

½䣬øô

½Цˣʹ

֪Ĺˡ
ΪҺͬһˣı¾ͣǿԵꡢʮ꣬ʮֻ꣬Ǹʺϵʱ׼ˣ˲һ

½ͷңҡͷЦ˵Һһ÷ӯ䣬ȴһǲˡ
ָͷ÷奡ɡϻԬֵܡ
棬ˣԳһЦ֪ӣȹ鵭ˣƲĥңȻҲǰˣܲҪҵԬҴү㣬ְţͼĹ򣬵ȳȥٺúˡΪ¹ȥˣסˣû뵽㡣

ݸһЦḧ½ںڵͷݵӣǻŹ㣿ԬǷȱǹֻҪӳ¼Ūͻ᷽˴㣻ɸ԰ƭȥ˽ݡ

½סЦ
£˫ֺʮ߿˸ͷճյضǽϿŵķ𾭣ۣ˵˾䣺ҲΪˣ̫ˡ

߹ȥðסĲӣڷһյ裬һʱˣ͸ˣҲ뿪η

ȥʱ˫ֺʮӷ

±ӣҲΪˣɱһҲ޷ͷˡ

Ҿڡ

ȥѾˡ
ҿ˳ɣվϻ£ҡ

峿Щ䡣

ҺͳɲĽϣʵͬûжٽ飬Ϊӯ䣬Ǿʶ꣬һȥУһڳϣʵҪ⽡

Ҹ˵ͣҼ˵ס

죬ֺ졣

ɾˣʡ

šҵ˵ͷֻ⽣˵ӱ--֬ü.裬Ϊ˸ӱ֬ͷˣ

ɺ˿Ц·ߵĶ֪࣬Ҫȷһûðͷô㡣

ЦЦֽ⽣һ߳ţһļҳСò

ҧ˵ĹУòŮˡǲ𡣡
ɴͷŵشãЦӲˣ˿ӵô

ҵ˵ͷϸ»ˡ

Ŷ
ɿҵĶӣҵ룬Цǹϲˡ

ݸǳЦ˰ҩŪˡ

üһұȭĹϲˡ

л
ҽͷڶ󣬺붹ůˡ
峿ԳȻһЦҾãһǸϲ





15.  ܵ   ſ

15--ܵ

ʵͦģԭҺͳӦġ

ҺרԵӯҸ

ҶŮĻᡣ

û뵽Ǿƽ͵һ÷

ǸˣĿһʮ̫ҽҵӣ֤

ԣĺԸȡͬ̽Щ⣬Լ˵ģ߹ܶ·кܶľ顣

Щ䣬˷ꡣ

ʳУ߻󸮡

ȥӯ䣬㡣

鷿Ĵ˫ϲµĴӭ΢΢ҡΣСԺﾲĵģſڣϴŮ˵ͶǶ

ϴĺСģ½ϸĲϳˣʱʱͷŲӿûؽС´յǱţһЦҸͰزס

ҲЦˡ
Ľ

Һ÷女ô꣬ǶҺܺãɴδûϴС¡

ַԺˣ˲ЦѻˮѴң˿

ҳͷЦЦˡ

ô
ŵǰȥ׼Žȥ

ꡣ
סңһЦ˯š

Ȼ֪⻰ʲô˼
򣬸ߴһҹĴҡҷĺܶѽ

ĿƣСʪˣȤ±ôóɡ

סСЦҡͷϴɬ

Ҳ𵱳ڵʱĹ⾰ʱָʹŶͷĮթ
صϪ󣬵ڶμ侲غͳɽ̸̸ִһ崺ǹƥɱΧ̶
ټѾݴʷЦŭƣΨӯʱģ

ȢİŮˣȥеɵͦ˳۵ġ

ҴʳｫࡢӻС˶˳һһʯ̨ϣкԡ
Ҳݵʯ̨ϣһ߿һ߲˼ضЦԭøģû룬˳ʳ

ЦЦ˵û£һˣûôء
Сãӣûʯ̨ϣֻһߣЦ඾δ壬ʱڲܻУҼмòѾͷʵҪ檰ɡ

üһ̽ġҲգ̾ĵĻⱲӾӯһŮˣͨ

ʣģ

˵ľôһ㣬ôţô
ɫֲּ̹мÿ˶÷ɣ١ơ㿷֮ޡ
ͣ˿ڣұǸһЦҲ˼İ

Ƿ֪ġ
ߣ˵ʵ֪ġ

ߵ鷿ſڣͷȥơ
ͷůʱڴ˯죬üͷҸʹ΢΢֪ʲôΡ

ؽŹס˵˾䣺ҹɱ½ݡ

԰ӣ˵ͷл
ת̾˿ɫѲ⣬Ρ˿

ǰ½֮ĶԹѾǼ򵥲Ǹ˵ˡ

ûǽ
ʡ

Ǹ֮ˣ֪Ҫͬ˵Щõ£ѸСԺ̽һȦĸſڣ첽ߵҸǰʣɩҪ˵ʲô

Ҫ̫үܵ
ֱ˵˵

Ȼɫ΢䡣
ܿҵҪʲô

㣬²
ܾ

ҽ㣬ɩӡ

ôˣҲ㿴
ȭͷ߬סѹȰŮۣǾҵ𳤣ҵĴ㡣һˣôԹأҪͬ÷她ȥҼ̳룬ٰˣαҪ˶̯ӻˮأ

ЦЦȫΪ÷奡

Щżѻеյλ֣ǼǺԲƵģǾģͼıʲôվɿɱ㡣

֪
Ҵŷ֡

ĵȰ̫ôŹ㣿αأҺջã뱲ӳԴ

ͷ͸죬̫
˲䣬ҷ·ص˵Ĺ⾰һֻιëɵɵվѩѩζɵ䡣

á

ұͷһᣬģʱ򲻽ҪųԷ£еͷôӹӹµµسѡʵЩҡ

üѲ븴𣿡

ĶȥˣҸû뱨𡣡
ЦЦ˹֪ǸǳҪòе㲻ˡģҲģûı䣬ֻȥӦ

롣
˫ֱڻ鷿ſšѵϵĳʳ߷˶֪
üΣͼ˵ҷһ侲ӣεذѻȥ
֪ʲôˣ⣬㲻ͷ
ԼһյĹҧҧߵҸǰʣˣ

š
ҵͷ

á
ͷ˫ۻǰϸ˼Ƭ̣ǾǳҲ˰Ѽܵע⣬ǾͲˣ۶óԹ䣬µ⼸һᾡ£д㿴Ȼ󡭡

Ȼͱˡ
ҳ˿Цܳɣý߹·ͷϣǷƽֶȹ
ĸ첲б۳鷿ȥЦȥɣ˯

˵⻰ʰ˵ϵĳʳתȥ

㡣

סң˵ƹ̽׮֮£ҵְȨ˵ĵط˾صأ÷Ǹ˲ţκǳ͢ȡԣǰ϶г͢µϸҲ֪˭ƾҵľ飬Ǹƹܳĸˣ


㶣⸾ǲرˣعѶ꣬˻ʵͷżͼе檷ڽǣͬӴܰ죬Ѱ£Ѱˡ

û룬Ǹϸ

֪ˡ
Ұ˼첽뿪СԺ

¶˾Ҫȥѣڳȡһϯ֮أƾ޵òӺ.Ĵ.ǲеģΪЩ£УŮҲУܱҸá

ҵе㲻һġ

Ҫ׵׵˽ѡ
˽̫Щôģ顢ϲá㡢;
һ˽ǰŮģŮֶΣ
Ҫ˽ߵ̴ӡߵýĳӡ

˽÷奣˺ܶ꣬ͷɢδɢ໥¼ɣ
˵˷ഺôϧôô
κһ·ǰߣǾ顣
ǰߵģûܵˣֻһ·ߵȥֻԼǷķ

Ҳˣһҡ

һЩʧܣСǰߣһȡҪġ

պнҼġ˲ᡱּΪʲݣϸҪĶ

ֻǷ˼ҳҸдࡣ

һ֪⽮ԭ˹Ŀϸ緢ܿжĿ޾ϸؽ֪ѵһжд֪֪֪֪

ҿʼ˽ѡ

ʮǰǸڳԵĻӿʼȻүٵ̫ӡյĴ

Ǹ÷ȫһˣ





16.  ˺   ˲ã˲

16--˺

ǲȥ˽ѵģΪ˳˳ˮǰиĸΪıС벻ôࡣ

ᡣ

ҷصУضǶξĶǵķ̫Ӱѵλ֮·

ѵĸǼ΢˼ǣźʵǰ޹ˣѣ˭ɿʵɿֻ֪ǰʥ裬ʱزްˡ

ʱʵѾ̫ӣĺҲˣ׵Եôƽӹųִû˻ע⵽ʵۡ

ķ̫æźͽ˫Ȩ໥ڦݣֻ֮λˣǵ̫Զˣ쵽˻ʵߣǾͲΪʵˡ

Щܾͻ֣ᷢʵʵѺģŸ˸߼ҵףʵȴ͸żҽӴ

߼Թ󣬵˲ŵ㣬ѡ
żҾͲһˣӸλ

Щᷢ׹ƺ͵շʱʵ۾͸ѷͷŲӣʵ࣬Ѷ֧ȥ󣬴ʰ̫ӺͽһȨ

̫Сֻܲңһɻʵۺżҷ̫֮λ

̫ӵôƽӹ½С΢ϻʵ۵ߣ棬˲ȥԽѫҲںĹȥѹκʶڳиʺ

Ҿãصϻʵ۵µʮ̫ӣѹҰĲһͷӮó£ԬЧңˣ򵥡

صУҿǽġ

Ůɫֻ
ݳޣ߷κʳչãҲٲã
ڳ˵ľ˯һ׮¡

ҷصҲһѵ㣬޴֡

֮£ٴȥ˳ɣ

֮ǰҺڳ¸ĺ԰档

׼ЩѪźʵۣԼȱָͷ֣ЦʣҹŮòã

ҵͷ۰Զָϴѡ

ɶźĵСۣĬã䲻˵˾䣺ûͻףҡ
˵⻰ʱ򣬳ۣЦңʲôѴˣ

̾˿Ѵ˵

ɹŰӣվ˼ȦãЦңҵŮ˭Ҫ

ѿڶԭԬô

Цҡҡͷ

üϸϸ˼ԬԵŮˣϲⶫάһӣΣ
ԬֵʱﷳƣеӱܣټϿ⣬ҵǧ浣ȢΪңҪ£Ҫּңװ漴ɣ
ںԺ㷢й.Ķ
ҪģǴСͷͨѾͷɣδ֣ȴֵƽУξƼ֮ȨҪ˵Ķô

΢Ц˵ƣʵ㶼
һЦǾıðճԱůѾɣҪǰѱľ˷ӮŮ˷ģڴ.ԼλĶһöõӣһƣʱпĺ֪һˡ鷳Ůˡ

ʱҷ֣ʵ˸˽ˡ

ĩˣɻЦҵظȻʱҲܼԼòģ޲檣檲͵.ʱŮջԼĥһ°ɡ

ӳ¸ȥһȻʡ

֪գҪһõŮˣãĺӡ

ڣҪģǸİ׮Ϸ⸾ڸӵϱء÷奡ٹӵϢʱӴһ䣬һ䣬ùȤͺ档

Щģ󸮡

û뵽ǡӯ䡣

ʳУ˸߲ҵȥҹԭЦ棬һңɫʱúܲʲôû˵ңȥ

һסҧ㻹ҪǺ޶ãҾĹô꣬ѵһʹôôôûġ

ӯû˵ң޵û١

ַˡ

żˣæʳУץס˫ۣǸ𼱱𼱣ɩ˵ˡ
һס£ıУ

ˡ
һͿء
ݣֻܽڽڰˡ

ңϣһʼֻǿޣʼԼͷ

֪ı͸ˣЩҵķӦ

ޣҲſޡ

˵ߡ

ƵܻӣſڴϣݺݿˣҶãǣ˵
ҹˣҵҲƽ
ûеƣʧǵߵߣɴϵ

˺ܶǰӯ̵ĵһʫǡСʱʶ£̡Ǹһޣҡ

ҵĴ˺

ȻҿԶݵĺӰӯ䣬Ÿİŵߵǰ£վû˵
ڵ£ٵţתˡ

ҿЦļң׼ˡ

ƣشţ⿪ǸȻ治ԭһıӡ

ǴŰ׻ıӣ£˵ģ𽥱ԭˣֻǲ֪ô˵ѽ

Ҹⴲӣ˯˸Ⱦ

첻Ҿˣ֮ǰӯ·ţһҪӣʱҩҪñУ඾δ壬ĺӿ϶
ߣʼֹܼң˲һҪúúӣʹСӡ

ʮ·ڻص˲ء

ʱѾˣ˳ĵһѩ

ӻô飬÷奺æ֪һ˸˺еģûйңŶԪˣϲذʰ޴Ķλַȥ

ѾͷЦ׻ˮãˣ̫̫λԽˣ۵񶹸Ƶġ

ҶŪԪſŮˣҹ¿ͷ˵ʲôҲû̫ע⣬Ǵɽŵô

˦Ѿף̫̫Щ֪£˻ҹҹȥ¥죬ūɫܲƺʲôίҲûʣ˭֪ǰմǵĸˣ˵ūԴ£˭֪Ǹģū֪̫̫϶ݲŮˣȥ˵ô򷢳ȥ̫̫϶ģ˭֪ˣū⣬ЩĻ

ʣʲôˣ

֧֧ģû˵

ҰѺڴϣֻ˵ʲôҳܲסġ

۾ˣͨһ£˳ˣ˵˵ȥҲǸǧѹļˣʲô̫̫ӡ

ȥ÷奣ô˵ҵ
ȥңһֻһֻһʱƽ˾Ҳˡ

һΪӯЩ֣Ĺ
򣬼лиѵϸҵʵرֳίЩͬ顣

ѹĸֵҹ
룬Ǻ

һϲȴŭӣҷǸŮмõģ࣬һȾء

֪÷˴
˳ɺԬޣ֮ǰŵүҪӯ޸ү˭֪ңүҲټѣˮһգ鷳ƣ⡣

ҵĻǸ潸ȥ

÷奾߿ҵš

̫󣬵˯ŵԪˣ֪ӣǸҵ÷奣Źڵϣֻ˵Լˣ˱̫̫̫̫Щʵࡣ

÷Ԫߡ

÷ɫˣ÷奴ңס˵ȣ˭֪Ǳ˸Ľš
ҰԪȳȥ

ڣߵⲽ޺˳ǲƤ˺ƣ˭˭棬һ̹¶Է

÷奻ľңʣ˭˵ġ

ʱң֪Щϸڷйʮĺޣ潸ҲҵլԺ÷奣ԽԽȥˡ

÷˫ͨ죬̱ؼң潸ôˣȫȫңⶾǿˡ


Ƹˡ
ôоѬգҲѧá
Գ½󣬴ɱã

֣÷ɫˣϵĲȫڵϣȵ֪ϻֵܣıк㡣

÷奡
Ҫ뺦ĳˣԶ֣ñˡ
Ҳú˭ѳϻȥƣֱӴʹôԣУһӯ󣬾Ƿһȡǰ̣ӺһβһΣ㻹Ů˵ȹʲô

ž

ұһ⣬
һ˲䣬ұˤڵأۻ۵Ҫ
÷奻ҼţҹӣҪҡ

֪ͷ˺öѾͷǼСţãְɡ

˵һű˴ͷײ

Ŷӳ˽£ǰѶӸ߾˳ز֪ĵӣҶײ÷奡

Ҫ̫̫ȴҺԪɡ
ҧ޵ʲôˣ潸ɽʲô£

÷奴ŭʱҪʰ
߼أĿԣסˣԼֿ֣ң·Լ֡

⣬ˡ
÷奿Цʧǵ뿪ӡ

̱ڵϣĬĬᡣ
ҵۣӺۣϵĽӡĿġ

⣬ˡ
ҷƷ仰ȻЦˡ
ǣǱˣҪһɲ䣬ǲǿ¡

ôأγû䡣

̫̫û°ɡ
ŶӣеҸǰ޵滨ꡣ

û¡
Ĩᣬ°ͳŬŬȥЩֵС.Ƕ

š
ԣæȥˡ
ʱСŻҸǰ޵ƽͣôʹ˳ˣҲǵģԼ

Цס˫ϥղôҳ±ô

ʵūԪ̫̫µģôί

˲ã˲ɡ

˿ڣƽսѹȥó󼸸˵ҷҪǸ棬Թ˿̱ңˣ˴ҲҪͼӴ׵˵˵׵ϵϡ


ɻʲôԵ𣿡

üͷ΢壺ʡ

ڳɸǰתÿ죬æİɣūĻײ




17.  д ¶   ۶һЩ顭

ˣϾˣں档

¶߿

Ȿԭǻ۶Ķߵķ⣬׼д¾У˭֪ддţѾΪˣԣҰĳˡ淢չľ

һ¶ߣгֵһЩ۶صľ顢еİһ飬λʣԣһһһظ

1ɣԭԬ飬ϳΪĺӻʱΪҲкֵܣҽ÷ҸճкҲǳϻҵɱ÷ңʱ÷Ȼףܴ㣬ǽзɱѳɶŮӯ͵ߣҽ˺ӵԬڵؽѣԬھе㲻Ϊ

2Ԭ飺ӯĸһˣǰһֱûзѰŮɷ򽥽ģżȻ˵ɱ棬氮ǮѪ̣ǽ飬ƭ飬˵ӯ䣬ӳ¼ҹƭȥǿҪˣ黳У˺ӣԲ˵Ůټϱƭټеϵɱ

3ϻӯǰ򡣳ɺ÷սթķ⽨ҳǿбӳףɱ硣С۶еķжϷݼ࣬һʼӯ䣬ټѺתʧӯϣPUA裬氮ˣš˵

4½ݣϻ÷ǳвŻʯŮҪȥУŮ٣£ãΪӯ䣬ӣֱ󣬰ѺתӯϣҲмʵڣӯ䰵¶ӯزΣ̫ҽˣⱾ½ݲĵߣҲӯ䣬򵥴ֱ˽

5Ԭ壺ӯױ磬ƾٳĽʿŸ߰˶Ʒѣػ£̫үŹǣ˵ݣȳϻӯ룬ӯĻ

6Ԭ壺ӯıܣѪֵmax㣬ҵĿɰС

7Ԭδޣ̫ҽԺԭԺеŮүү洫ɰͳϻף˦ˣУɩæ¸ࡣ

8лӷ磺ٹӣ֮ӣӷƷֺãͳϻһ𳤴ʱżȻӯĴӴ˰ϻˣһ·ҵ˱ϻƣӯӷĴӵʮرǽݴʷŹһߣٹʵ൱ǿ͢κ˭ǲ

9ɻӯѾͷ
10ҹ

ʱͲôࡣ




18.     ƭǹ

17--

صĳ䣬쪵شܿͽұ´լ

˾ǶԱ˵³˺棬Ϲһ۳Ц÷ɵЩС.Ǽˡ

΢ӵŮ˽Żغã
ҺԹԵģȥ÷奺Ͱ״ɿ
ͼģ뷨跨ġŵɴµ÷鷿ſҴܡ



÷󣬺ȥź򣬾˵ĵһ϶û

ҹ˼磬ȥС԰ͤ

صຮҹȴӱ죬ּ֮С

ľȻ켦ȴµܶʱҶ֪ǸϷıˡ

ģԽ󣬾Խ͸նԽ˵İ飬ԽҪһݴɾĸ顣

Ӳش󸻴ݲظ߹ǳ׵׵ڶԷûʲô߰ĸûеˡ

﷢࣬ԭȾƣѾͷȥȲ

Ϊ֮ǰи˵Ⱦƻ˺ͿԽԽѡ

֮ĺܶ죬Ҷû÷˵
վɣæŹլ֪ܼȥóֵ䶯һδжҡ

Դ÷女˺󣬰ϳԺȱȹȥ˸ΣÿռҩŽţӽˣѾ´߶ˣղȥϻӽеĸ̫̫

ԻĥӣʵأǽŶӵӡ

һңĺƣĦҵ֣ʣʹֱŤˣ

Һദô꣬Ҷ˽⣬÷奴ңֻֽкãô

Ϸ̫꣬ѾϰΪˡ
һǰվڰźϺƤ䵱һµĶϱ̾˿ûµ˶ˡ

ȰңѾˣҲЩæеƢģӦ

ҵһ֡
ٹʮ꣬ʮ꣬÷ҵˣԶҡ
Һ۵ͷǿЦİЩϱס

֪µġ
ҵ֣ת£ûˣѹңˣӯ仹ôϻغ̫̫ƣ˵ͬӯˣ޸ʲôĴʷҲţʴɣҲ˵

Ц
÷奴ὫЩ¸߰ϣҲû˵

̾˿ϻһˣҴһ飬ͬǷֿ

Ϻ޵ýˮڵϣ̵ˣҾ֪Ǹ.Ṵˣʣ϶ʸ֦һ˦˵ġ

൱άϻߴߴӯ䣬ץңҪЩϸڣƩϻˣˣ¼ûи࿴ʲôϲʲôɫĲϣ걸Ьӣϻȥ

Ӧ˼䣬͸Ͻȥ͸ˡ

׹ף۰ϻǳɣ൱Լӡ

ķҵڻ԰ҹ䣬Ѿ֪ҵĴô͵֪˶Ȥġ

ǣ÷Ѿʮûͬ˵ˣҪͷô

ԥ䣬˳˵ˣ˸Щ

ҵһɨ⣬æȹܡ
Ȼдţ˵ңĲȬá

ݵʱұżһӣϥǲƤҲûᣬæȥţֻбһֽ

ɩ
ã˵ٳһҩͣˡؿຮشЩϸ
ӯ֡

ãֻҪӺãҾͰġ
ֱĨȥЦŴӻĺӣͷװŸң֦÷⻹ʮƱһΡ

ҰЩֿѵ

壬ϣһжã˳˳ġ

ҵźҲ˲ı÷奣жױλ˯ˣ˭֪շ´÷奾ˡ

С֮ǰһţʹ
Ҳ֪ô˵˸ͷš
Ҳ֪οڣϴ֣ߣԼЬƣãʣ

ϻô

ҵᣬû

÷ͷԽͳϵʹ֮ɫŨ˻ͼƳĬΣЦʣ˵ˣ

Ҫ
˳´Įȥҡ

òá
÷סҵ֡

ýżֺȾˡ

Բ𡣡
÷奴Ӻ滷סңͷҵҸоƺˡ
ﲻΪ㻹ȥңû뵽ԭˣġ

ȭͷ߬ס
ͳϻһƯܺƭŮˡ

ˡ
÷奼ûӦɿң׼ߣЩЪϢɣˣӸǺЩ

Σס
סüȻе֮ɫԹͻںޣʣôˣ

ȥĸŮˣ㣿ϧ񣿡
Һļ˼

㣬ҪǶõĳ𡣡
÷ת§סңͷңЦҲҺͿˣ潸ţ綼ˡ

ģ
ͷ°ͣͷ˸Ұա

÷˳ƽҰϣ٣ƭǹ

ѵǹ
šվ

ȥĶ
÷ֳͷЦңүĻòŤͷߣøǷʰӡ

һͷЦȥϴϴѽѸɾˣɱűҰɡ

Ҽߵ䣬ѾͷˮϴȻ͵͵ɵ.ҩָ׷ʱ֮ԸȻãҪǵõҩ

ҩķһҪ׼ˣöԷƳߣҾ÷ԡ

һҹ

Ѿˣȥˡ

֪ҹֲܶһˡ

һգ÷奶

Щֿʼ۷׷ף̫̫ôֵóˣʩʲôֶΣôһմ͸˻Ƶġ

ҵ£úЩ÷好

ͬʱҲ᲻ҪõһЩ£ǡûúʲô˺üˮǷ̫̫ġգ˺üִ˵.ޱȡ

ϣЩƮѶһ䣬ôһжû׷ѡ

ϣ÷ˡ

ˣЩۣûͬ˯
ȻЩʧûǿȣѾͷȥЩιҳ¡

˯ˡ

ߣһ˯
λ˯ǰˮҹˣС⡣
˭֪һ֣˸գ÷奲ˡ

ȥĶˡ

ҷ⣬Щ΢춯ϲ˯ʲô

ûдЬŽżеűߣ͵ơ

÷奴ŵ£Ƶǰ󿴣͵͵ش򿪹ӣȡС

֪ǰģԭﲻ˵á

һᣬȥ䣬ʹûж
ĬĬؿ÷奣ľǰŷ⣬΢⿴ţָظֽϵּ۾ˣ൱ڷȻڼʹࡣ

ţӺóӯңϸƣڱǱߣᡣ

ܸоĶԾ˵

Ҳ뿴ˣҲСˣŻȥ˯

ɾڴʱҿͷϣŸϣֽ߬סɰȻһᣬһźɰ

˲䣬Ҿת˶µġ

£ޱȷŭ

ʲôʱʼģʲôʱаġ

ϸ룬ʵмѭ
Ǹ̵ˣӲŮ˶֣ϷΪҪǿ޸֣
ڱңΪá

֪ǳڼʣǷŭϻֵܣȥɱͷβӯ֪ԼⱲӶܺһҲΪǰ̿ǣǴ˰Jү˼

ÿġ
ȥǰôαˣȴôˣôزס

ô

ŷ۷ƵĿڣһ仰˵ֱ֪ϡ

÷奣Ҷġ





19.  ѿ   ˲Ӭ

18--ѿ

ˣܶҿ󡢷˼£еüĿˡ

˼ףܣ˵ûС£ʼΪ˼̫ɾӣҪʸ֦һֱʮţԭ˽ġ

룬ٶ񶾣ܲڰѸǰĺؽָı⣬ߥŶӺԲ
Ϊˣԭ綼ʲôˣײƽҹ¡

תĬĬػصϣɺá
ûһĽŲһˣỽһ⡱ûҽҴã֮ƣ۵£ص̾˿

ô꣬ѵ£ǸӤʬ壬侲أӲε̾

Ҿַŭ

˭ãҪ

ϻԼôٰѿжᣬⱲӶ˵һ֣Խ׳һ

ɾŽ˺¡

ҳҹδߣ˲Ӭġ

ʱ÷ˣ׼ѡ
˳תؿڣߡ

ôСŮƵġ
÷§סңЦ᲻Ұ

ҺЦ

Цʲô
ʡ

ڣ»ķޡ
ḧЦ˵»飬ӯ䡣ҵʱͬ˵ʵǹţ֪ģϻ̣ӼҪţз˭֪ǻ˵ɫ»֮ҹĥһϣҵڶϿʲôˣ

ʲô
÷ָסҵ֣Цʡ

ҿ˶ڻ鷿ſڣϴĶǶأƼˣŵøϽʪѴ죬Цˡ

÷ҡͷЦЦĶܺðˣҲͷˣ⵱ģʵڿǷ̫ࡣ
תϸĨ֮ɫҵ֣磬ҲˣĹ뷿£ԺǱ˵Ϊġ

Ӧ
ǰһ˵öԣʧ˷ִ硣
ң֪ӱܣԽһĶԽ

ߺ
ɵͲ𴲣װãĒԼȴҪ

Ů˶һ˲ԾôֱĲͷҪжϸȥھ˿

ǵ÷奸ְڼжճӣ˵ȻˣкͷֱŤʱ۾͵֪Զ䷿ɩԶ

ʱҾĶԣûĶˣ뵽ҹǷֱëȻ

֪ôˣͷȥӯӡ

İȥڵʱܼ࣬򵥵崲ױ̨

Ҵ򿪹ӣͷŮȹС£ǰģڳˣ˲٣Щˣûӣһ£ͷõʱóϴϴɹһù

˿ƽ
֮ǰЬ඼ó

ϣûʲôƫƫҷˡ

һҷ˸ë

ڶ̶΢ʲôط

϶˵ͷϡ

˲䣬Ҷͨ죬ֱȥǰҸոʰϴ˹ҵģġ

ֻǡġ

Ҳ֪˶ãٴΣҸ룬ȥڵأǷ͵ᱡ
ҺݺݵشԼһ⣬סڣҧޡ
Ӧò֪ɣǱ۸ˣѾͷ϶ҵģٲãӣҲҳߵġ

ľȻؽǸණˣǰһӺЬóȥɹ

ĺܶûֳվɵҵĹ̫̫ѵӣϸͷΪ׼

أ
ƺҲ͹ȥһڰ빣ż˯Ҳ̫˷Ѿ˭ģΨһϲɫžӯŵǼ죬ΣֻҪӯдʲôʲôҼᣬҵ

ԽСԽҾöġ

ԽԽ䣬ľƱԽԽ졣

κѾˣͷһ£ǶԸ

ͶԴǰļδʷһԩ˵ǿأƽʧȥΪ췴˵˿۳ƽֵ˽ԽĲʵʵ˶ͨñӡ

ңҲҡ

ͷк˴ҽᣬ˵Ƿͽ˵κϷ

ʵڵӯʣС϶ͷöˡ

ڸµʱһϢ

κţֱĶʦ--ҦҾϵ˶ͳˡ

һ£ûȣȫˡ
֮ˣƣɣǱ͢ǱκҵӯأҪѳ

ûڲأҵȥ

˭֪һû£÷奵ҵˡ

˶ëѩ紵ޡ

÷ˣŹ¹ˣδôйѪ˿ľץסҵ֣˵Խ񣬸·׼εû뿪ڲأĲã⣬ǿųĺӣĿô

ҷȥϵѩʵǳɣᱣһ

÷奼סߺޣҵȻ֪˭ҵ˼ǣһ϶ǻɵ¡

ʲô

÷奼ƭҲСĻ

סŭͶģЩȴˣ

÷ĨЩҺٲҪǴǰ̫ˣ֪ߵغ񣬾ⶨԼϲ˭ãƫƫϲһûнˡ

˲䣬Ҷۻ
ûпǼ£һΪ۰ӣͷɵ¡
ƫƫҿˣ֪뷨ֻҪڸǰԽ׳صġ

á

ҴӦ

һȥӯ䡣

ˣһȥѾͷزأ




20.  ӯ   Ϊϻ

19--ӯ

û˵ϸʰңֻ˼ϴĿɿĻ׼

֮ǰֿʼ۶ӣˣҪһȥ࿴õϱ

÷һʼסƢȰͷţ̫Σˣڼš

ϲģӹóСһİ޵Ҹֵ˺ЩЬ࣬СˣҲ֪񿴿û

Ժֻ˵
÷ˣѣۣӶӵһߣѵĸף¼ҪʲôûУǵȥڣ˵ˣϻ綼ؿˣôˣдˣӶˣЩҲ˵Ͻ磬ĸôңӸϻǣҸܵУѾкüҰ£ǰ첻죿

һѰ˵ͨ죬ߣֿʼãûôӣ㲻ܹҡ

ûմĸⷬɡ
ǰͷΣգĸȥãӾȥ
ǲزˣҲüƽϣҴ뿪ء

ͷˣӵץ׳һЩ̳û̧ۣĲٴαƵĻȥټǨơӶʳΪܣߣԾڵ·

ͼҵ޲۰׹֮ϣˡ

ҹ̸ʮ·ʮţ⡣

ٵϵִʿ̲ˡǹپ죬ǳɵݣûΪѣǣ·˸̫--棬ƭԬӯ䣬ǿԬ˵Ǹɱ֡

һƥϻϣô֣˶ëѩ죬멲һ÷⣬ȴʰɾ鲼̵ϴ״˫Ŀʧǰߡ

ûͣס

ȻһʼûϳңƬ̣عӯɩӡ

Ϊһɱ֣Ӧٶġ

ȻͬһΪл

ҷʮֵ䣬ӷ죬ƺ޹Сػ÷ĬĬغƾơ

ʲôӯˣ
ֱʡ

á
ϧ

ôã
ҽ׷ᡣ

ǰκɱΧ˴ʷɱһҹӯʣͷ
ޱ˵Ķǵ£ҹԼʷһٱ׽κȥغͶύ̸ų˷һͻɱ죬ֱָ

ӯأҵĿżǰӯˣ

ˡ
浭

˿
Ҳǣӯǳɣκ˲ὫѾͷ̫ᣬǰ϶ˣ֪ҾûܰסƢ棬˻𣺡£˼ժǿԬ˵ķݶϣҲû⺢Ӱ

ļɳ
˵仰

Բ𡣡
ҸǸ
˵ûбԬҪˡ
˵ѳӯϢԬӳ¼ƭȥԬӯһڸյŮˣߺ֮£Ծ͸еĺһˡ
ԬǰһԸ뿴±ߵĺ÷

Ҵе÷̾˿ʣˣ

ҡͷЦʹࣺҲҿĹԶԶۣͻˡ

ٶ񶾵£ɷϣǸԵˣԼȫԬ顣

أҾᡣ

Ӳȥ̾˿ʣˣӯô죿

Ѿ𽥻ָ侲ؿңҲΪ˾׵˼ǣȰͬһϣΪϡ
˵üͷ΢壬ϻϸ»ˣһֱô˳£СҪ۶ˡ

ҵúܣУͣˣѾʷˡ

³ۣʷҲҶ綼ժ²ãϾǷ۵Ѫѩ࣬µĵҡҡ׹һŲҿӸＲ߳ˣӯ䣬ͷŴӺͼ

δӯƺЩīɫȹֻ֧Σδʩ죬ﺬᣬ˵һ㲣ȴüͷýװ̫࣬ŵʱû⣬㻬

Ƽңһϲæܹץסҵĸ첲޵滨꣺ɩӣץɷ򡣡

ҸϽסο
Ǹ˽Ůˣ÷ҵһ뷨强ǮӯҪͷֻԼĹµҴæҲúģܲˡ

ô죿
̽ʡ

Ȼȥ
ӯѿڶ涵ضңȥٹû뵽˸ŸȥοЩɱҽȥץʱˣڶ֪ôˡ

ɡȲѽ
Ħ֣¹غŻλ֮ۿű֮͢ǰκƶɱκ˽Ӹۣǵˡ

ʲô˼
ӯӿҵ֣˼ضңҷ

ʱǰֺƵĺӯ䣺ѾͷǵԱ˱֮ǰ˵Ļˣȥҳɣúûš

죬ʲô¡
ӯؿ̱棬ֱĨȥᣬһˣңһһ˵ʱûзңҲᣬһ˿ϣҶҪԡɷҵˣȲҾ͸һ

˵⻰ӯתˡ

ס
ϴμʱĲδռҶصʱ򣬽Լ¹
ڵ·𳤴ˣˣˣڿһУԲλࡣ

ҿЦ׷˳ȥ

ԭΪҪȥΣû뵽ȥ˳¸

¸ɻŴţ¹ֻ·һֱڵȣ˭Ȼǵӯ䡣
ҸӯȥõĻ֮Уûпɣɳϻȴڣ׵ķϣͷϴڣϴŽۣɫô˹ĿǹŵЦ

أ
ӯ䵥ֱ룬ʡ

ҪӪء
ϻ裬˿ڣЦ˾͸˵̬ȣôסûˣú˵вУ㡣

Һûʲô˵ġ
ӯŭֱô˭֪ƺһڵūס

ô
ϻ֣ϼѪӡ
Ǽϱ鲼ӵĺۼҲ֪ӵ˱ĺܲҡ
㿴ʲô𣿡

ǶˣԹŽ಻裬ôܴ
ӯĿڣûվȣ

Ϊʲô򣿣
ϻһվһƽӯ䣬ָָԼĿڣ޵ҧгݣһ⣬ߣҰٰ裬ϣܷŹ
ϻЦӻͳֽӯ䣺Ǳͬ룬Ҳ㣬Ҫܵ͹ǩ˺飬뿪Ƿ֮أԺúùӡ

ϻ۸ǰһ󣬺ȵڣߡ

ʲô
ϻһ֮ǰҵĹ̬ȣؼΪҲ֪ĵϸǸ仧̤ļˣҸǰˣᡣ

ӯǰ˳ϻһ⣺ɩӣ˭.ġ

ΪϻգϾǸرСˡ

û뵽ǵûܸˣ·Ȼסӵ˵棬ҵͷੲݣĺãΪҲˡǵĺûˣҲǸӡӡѡȫûˣȥ㣬δκĲôôңҹ죬Ϊ˿ıӦӦúÿ죡






21.     һ𣬳Ѱ

20--벻

ӯ䱻ϻҪȥû뵽и˱ҵж죬档

ɱֻ֣֪ʣһ첲Ҳܾ׼סϻĲӡ

ҿϻƯѪɫӿ۾ɵϴ󣬲ֱðѹ˾أŤתȥӯ䣬ּѵ쳤ץӯ䡣

֮ʣ⴫󼱴ٵĽŲˡ

ǳˡ

ҷͬһҲʰ޵ɾ˺ɫѣڱ˶׾ɵСǰ¶ʮԬļɳû

ɽͽϻɿˣǰ䲻˵˵˫ɫɢҰѪζ˲

ס
ڲҪǮҪվػӯ䣬͵ڸԬ˵һҸ

ɵسһۣͷǼˣԭĮӯʱЦᣬʣԹû

֪ӯ޳ɵƻףߵ·ǳ¼ҵš
Ȼӯͨһڳɽűߣץס׵ѣ޵ȥлˣڹſڹһҹϼңֻܷ.ǽȥӷ磬ү飬ɸսȥҾͱлҵĻץס˳ȥ˵үӷͿ£ˡ

ӯͷҵأ󣺡ûˣȾֻܱһˣˡ

Ѿͷ֪Ӿǿ˭ͷǳɡ

ҳȥ˸æŮ˭֪Ů͸ڵƵģѹ
֮£ֻܶȥƸŮĶͷ۵ƣһƬ

ŮãƤ£壺ǵ¸ûлأүԣǵҲð죬ȥ˵ûС϶ܱסƶɱү˽ӸۣӲкҵ٣ִݺ棬̫࣬ŵǽȥүҪͷ졣ͲͬǳףȻߵⲽӣ㻹ᣬܱˣԺͻף޵ĶݵúܣᱻºͲ¼ĥ⣬˵ˣӽ㱾Ͳ⣬治䣬ԺҸõġ

ҲȰ䣬ɾһ

˵ֻʧܴ󣬲ŻͷԼ߹·˼Լ¡

ұΪõ뷨Ǻˣպ϶ڸֺɷѣ

أһ

ֲܹĴӪȣͽ͵ģҪˡ

Ŀڷƣӯ䣬ѾͷɫҰףսͼףҪˣҾ㡢ɾͶӾˡ

Цӣǳ¼ȫϰˣΪô΢ˣ͵ȥүԣװ״ô˵ÿ𣿡

ӯ޵ýҧƣһЦķˣȻ㡣

䣬¼ҵĴܼҳ̩ͼҴҵܽЩţүسˣֽ˴ӴѺȸţ˵Ҫն׼졣

˲䣬һһ£ͷƤ顣

κĺÿ졣

ڻӵıܣҵסӯ䡣
Ϊ֪ɷԴֻֽҪô裬Ҫô

ҷ֣Һͳ¼ҸӼͬʱ֣ǿаסҪ뿪ӯ䡣

£ϻˣغ壺ղðʧˣҷԺٲֺҵģȥ룬϶ϣǰľĵ߰ɡ

ӯã鼱֮£Ż˿Ѫ
˻ߵǷſ֮£棬塣

ҿ͵£ϵĵ̷·Ťˣֺÿ죬Һͳ¼Ҹ߿סӯӾܣֻ˵һ֣ߡ

Ǹӡ

̱ڵϣôغӯ䣬ɻӦҵֻб紵Ĵѩ
˲䣬ҺȻסˣҸоʱӶ硣

Щѵֻ֪ܺǸȴǸ顣

˶׷ȥˣϻ

󣬻ֻʣҺͳˡ

վͷϣתŴĴָϴŵİָ֪Щʲô

Ĳ

ɹŹֵЦ˼멣˳ȥ

ҽܳȥ¶ʮѩûϵ¥ȫرգ輧ĺ˻ƣѪȺɱҪˡ

ȸʱҿ˻졣

˵ǧִʿ¥ϵżϡõˣϳмǸҹȫûйȥİڷնȥ˰أ۾Ѫ׵ϸߣŴƣѾϡãѪ˳Žָͷһεµ˱衢䵽˾أáݣųʱ˵С

ڳ¥£ʱն̨

ɷĺסȱұ۵ˣ棬ˣǿֿǵسն̨ȥ

˳Ŀȥƣһϡ

ʱ̨м䣬֮У̣ؿֻͻõĿȫǣֽűȦָȫεѾȥ

߹ӯ䣬ϴǼīɫѾѪȾ죬ɢЬܶһֻʮֵǱ˶ڿǸ˵мεһ˳ʲôֻ

ҵһμκ

ǻʵ۵ֵܣͣԼĪʮңϴףűʮѪܵͷŰѴաޱ޸ǰϻ飬ᷳؽն̨ȵΪԼ.ˣиСŮͰ㡣

żųɼæ̨ȥ

ʿϵĺɱѱ˵޲ҵսľΪ߼Ѿ㶥µˣɵҼʶǰ֮£ŷ֮

ӯ䡣
̲סòã

ӯһۣ£סҡҡͷ

þѾͷ
κ̨ŵĳɣűߵһͷ߿ǰעӯ䣬һˣӣȥѰ㸸װա

֪ӯ⺢Դ󣬿û뵽ӾҲ˴
ηͷκûе䡣
ת޵ҧгݣ֪㣬ɫǸٵĶתͷͰ͵㸮ǶǲҪϻ쵰

˭֪κûָաĵһЦѾͷ㸸ˣĸԸ˯ġ

䣬ΧʿȻЦ


ӯŭ

˵ġ
κ̾˿ĸߣ¡ŵǼ꣬û㣬ԡ
κ۳ɣҡͷһ̾˶㸸Ǹˣ٣ⲻ֪ԸҲҪĸڹȥӣҪĸ׵ĴȰ֮ģȥɡ

ҾͲ
ӯ佫Խˡ

ʱԵˣѵۣӾ࣬κﻹմѪĴաԭѾߣɺȻ˾ӯ䶥ƿڴ
ΪˣӲ³ҪĶֻõɧ.ҹӸɸɾظʷϻһ

ʵʿϹ壬ڨЦ˷

ǰһֱӯ䡣
ڣҷ֣ǰȫѾͷ

ҾǼˣҾƤ㡣
ӯȥסӣ°͵ϣôƲߡ

Ǻοء
ˣŤͷϲˣֻȥϵ᣺ܷģˣ߰ɣ㻹ᣬ

Ҳ
ӯĿᶨָǵˣĶҾ͸Ķ±ӻӡ

ʱȻЦҧ˿ӯĸ첲ҧѪӡӵĲӡдҸǺˣ±ӣһҵ㡣

Ҳ˲ʲôơȫбųն̨ȥ֪ڿ޵ӣûӯͷǰұץסͷקһо󼹱˺ݺݲס

ɣ㡢ôģ
ҼôɣҿЩƺڷǲ

ֲТŮҪҲա
κЦ𵶡

ˡˡ
˲䣬пհһƬɾڴʱԶƿ֮ţĦ.ҵ

ͷȥκ첲һ˷ŭسǰš

һһ

ӽβһСȻлӷ磬ףͷϰŴĨŰѴ󹭣ǧʿ˧ϺȻŸл֡

лӷ緭һն̨ͦӯǰγֱָκ
ʱлҾκʿΧסȺ߳ǿˣٹഩſףźӧǹǵ̨ǰ

˿̣ǿŵأֻҪٹ棬סˡ

үʲô˼
κۺüһ죬һ𳤴󣬴̵ʱһסô꣬Ҫͬԣˣʵôлҵģôġ

ٹ͸ϣԣҪүô
˵ٹָָǺҸɶӣǰһμĻүҪɱҶӣǲǵ֧һ

κһ㶣ŷŭǱɱأ

ٹ°΢̧ѩĺϣܿˣϷյǲʱڳ⹲Ҽϴڱ߹ػ֧ӦүķӹܲţҪͷ򣬱ӲˣĻϸȴһ

κɫѿաӵһѽ첲ϵγ۳أն̨ϣٹһȭʲôû˵ձȥ

ϲ¸үصؿͷ
Ⱳӣܼٴص£Σǿˣʶˡ

ն̨Ƚʵˡ
Ȼлӷסҵĸ첲ЦŽק棬ɩЩû

һ㶣л


æܹȥЦûûˡ

ɩӣҸղŶҪˡ
ӯ俿ϣСŮƵķޡԹлӷ磺Ҳǵģңſڹһϡ

й¶
лӷݸýնϵüʣû°ɡ

ġ
ȭͷлӷļͷָųǽáҹϽֵܷ
תĿлӷϣʹؿԣңҾûˡ

Ƥ񣡡
лӷЦϵϸ

ѽ
ЦлӷĽǵ崺ˣǺǣҴҵҲѽ


лӷЦΪ˱㣬㵹ҵĽˡ
˵䣬лӷͽ𣬳ȥӯ䱧׺ͽȥ

ҹķѩ󣬺ܿͽصĽӡڸסཫѪͷסããģ·ʲôûƵġ

վڿռ˵Ľϣͷѩ΢̵ϡ

˿̣ûܻƮƮġ

Ȼҷն̨վŸݿˣǳϻ
ճյض̨ϻմѪһ仰˵֪ʲô

߹ȥϵ£ϡ


ϻһңЦɩӰƣһʧȥС

ô
ҵһЦļ򣬵ڱԹ˶Բ㣬ûӡΪʲôһһȥϻûͷ߹·𰸾Ƕ

ģû˵첽ȥ

ҹ䣬֮ѩҵİѾʪһƬɪɪ

һסԼϽȥӡ
˭֪·һСʱͣΧվų¸Ĺܼҡ

һ㶣ڳϣ
ڵң

ȹӣ
ھζŨһڽһڵغȾƣϸĨ죬ҵ˺Դ򿪣ЦôӣҺһ

һСڣؾƣǺ

ġ
Ұ۳ɣ˵ȾͲȣӯնףҿôЦó

ֻЦû

Ҳûô򵥣üѹٹѲģ

ҵľƺһڣκңʵҲ̽ҡ
Цڵİ׻קҺùүļʱҪˣǵʱҳ¼¡㡢ޡǶü졣

㻹ܰסװúá
Ҿ¾ƿʣôĶٹκĽ飬ƺЩ

ȻǸһ޷ܾļǮ
Ŀо˸ЦõŮӷ磬κιŮƫϲHȥ˳Ҳӷĸϱ

ЦŵͷҪ¸ô

˵ʲôûŻԽңͻԽȫ
ƳҵأһЦٹıѺسأ׼ô

ָסЩƣԶ˵̣ݸǳЦ

һ𣬳Ѱ

ѣˡ

ˡ





22.  ʮãã   ˼

21--ʮãã

ٹĳ棬оգסҹŲ˹ˣսлҾѺ͢á

뿪ǰܳɵ룬æ࿴ϱԷǹٻС㣬ڼʱŮ飬ʶЩ֣ܼҿû⣬ҪŪ£ѡ

֪һҪı䣬Ǽ׵¡

ڳϻ˵֮һ䣬ңһ䣬Ҳ֪ûгװӯ£֧ʹ˸ϵȵҩлӷд˷Ǹţֻ˵λүˡ

¶ʮ󣬳ϻȻˣ˸գգſڿԣҸǰظҵ裬ЦΣǰ״ðɩˣຣ

Ц˵һӹ⣬ûµģֻףвҲֳĪҪҸĸ͹ѿ

ϻ˵Ķġ

ϯϣϻȻȫ̱΢Цûа㲻ͷͰɺ˵ʱ׷ϲˣȻҲʼþ¥ꡣ

˹ٻңĹȻġ

ò㣬󷽣÷ʱ͵˳ϻۣǰúÿˣߵĶܹע

ɢظҺͳ¼ҸһԲ衣

ɶϻҩ󣬸ӵ˿۽ʣôϲ

ϻû˵ͷ

ɩأ
תͷҡ

ҾûԣֱڿЩ
ҿһֱһ֣ûаѻ˵̫ϾֻǴ÷奰æ࿴վȨڳ¼ұӯ䣬λ۴òΡ̸ºͲ飬úԶ
ŤͷЦʳϻܣô

ϻػعȻŰٰĲƲ븸ٲģЦ˲ģ˵ռ棬ͬһ˵һ㲻ãǸҵˮ


ӵļЦѾͷ֪㲡ţڷȣŶˮգһֱˮ

Ǹˡ
ϻ̾˿

֪Ӧˡ

ǿϻӯϣ
ĩ˺룬˺

ϦգѺľӣӱޱ

ôô

Ҹоһ˷ܡ

ʮˣֻˡ

뵱ңװӳô죬Ƶֻ
һˣҵɷ÷ھص٣ҵ÷Ƿ⽮ҵݳ׸Ԭ̫Źǣҽʶ˾--лҡ

ҵĵλԶԶ䣬ɱңҲϸһº

˵Цˡ
ˣԶԶ翿Լʵڡ

ԼĪ·ݣǻص˳

ϻʵ۲أѲûνġͨѹҲûаµֻǽڼУ˵ҪѼ֤ݣպ

֪
͢ʱˣǳ¡

լӲͷ˿Ҳ򵥣ŵùˡ£߲ҵͷҡУ˷ЩҾߣְѸ˲ͷһ顣

Сھ֮󣬹ϵǰãϵЦˣⲻµʱС

󸮵ӣҸڿؽӺҲ಻סҪƴΣȥݼѣҽ뷨˽¸֪Ұĵţû´գѼ֮ʱ

Ҿ˵ǾͰеĹǰסˣĵš

ǵջеʱ򣬰ҵӵĶ̫ҽŮϴţѾͷӯıԬ嶨ס
ѾͷƷҲãҪǣԼˡ

˽ҵûʹ.֮ýµķӡ

Ѿͷ˸ͨ죬֧֧ز˼˵࣬ҧ´յҶߣ˵үүȥ̫ҽԺԺУרǧСƣ˽¸ƹطүүطɼױҡɩӼȻҪҿ϶ȫԸ䣬ģֻ˵ǵѪģһֶ˵

ûգѾͷ͸Щҩ͸ӣҪĽ·⻹˽۷

ø͸ѾͷҪˡ

û취òҿά὿״̬Щط䰵ʵ̫ÿָܻۣٺòˣԼҲĿ

ֿڼʵڷƣĸ͵͵ҳţȥһ¼ˡ

ʮ꣬Ҳ֪˶ٻΣμĸ׻ֵãÿÿˮʪͷͷ֪˾ڳҲҴҲȥ

ܡԸô

֪ͳֵµ̽鲼Ҫ鵽ĽͰ˵ܵ٣ѡ

Ҹ߼ٳ裬Ϊ߲̫Ӻͽ֮ʱΪ̫һ⵽ʷʷ֮ʣ˼ңʱҲиڹΪĸʹֶΣȺʹĸӾԽˡ

ڸ߸ܺʷ˴ǮĽȥԻ֮̾Ůѣʵǿⱨ

Ӹңҵĵĸż檶ŮȥƽĽҲȥ

ĳ㣬ѿ컨Ŵ⡣

ϣﱧŹ̵ӣֻǶ÷
ڳĴӸЩǱ˵ˣĽ㵥˵Сȥš

˵ãԶԶһ۾ͺá

Ƴ͵͵ơ

ԶʻΧȻʷˣǸʮˣ΢˳һ㣬õǻͷϴ˺챦ʯѾףϴźƤԽӣĶӴϱТ˳̷ţʷЦѾͷϽӱǸкССͣʮֿϴŸĽ

ҽŵֱ
ҲڴʱĩһĸӣĽ死

Һ死һĸ׽ã꣬ڹʱĽãҴӡдŮµĹΣΪ˿ΪĸϲŮС˷˴ǰӻ֣ЦһЦ͹ȥˡ

δĽòɣֻǰôЦĹüۼҲˣǣŸµкͷǱȥ

˲䣬¡

Ȼҿʷ˵ܵĽǰĽ㣬һĽĶӣĽûһ֣ӻסֺݵСӣһ仰˵

Ƽˣʷ˸ʹ˸ɫðʹ˵˼䣺˵£壬Ժܴ
ţʷ˵ƳĽ㣬˵үӲãȥֻͣƽ

ǡ
Ľ۾ģ˳Ӧˣǣӣƽȥ

סڣ޵ô

÷ҵԭޣҹò˳ģοĽ檣ŵ裬˶ί

ٴΣ³ȥĽ㣬Ҳҡ
ڳΪ٣ܣǰ¶棬Źƾͻ̯¡

ôӸϽߣһ۾ͺã֪Ľ㻹žͺá

ҡҷڳˮĽֵʧǵһƬ

ĪҪˡ
ָߵ³ڣ΢΢ţЦС˸ղƽۣ˲ע⣬ƤСӴס˶١


סæֱӣƿͷŵǸ߸׳׳ĴСӣЦû˴򻵰ɡ

İɣСֵзִ硣
üһսЩ˵ѾȢӣӵײܺ͹ȥȣëǿ鷻˸һã鷻ѧʵ࣬Ҳմմ⣬Сӽ̵ѧʣҲʡһʽӵӡ

ұͷֿʼᡣ
˵Ǽۣ˵ø׵簮СʱҲʷ˵ǸӰ㣬Ǹ͸˵ļһѰģͷҲѧЩ竵Ĺѧҵģռҷӥ߹ЩҹӳԾƶ֣۸нãǰײҲٴΡ

ƲҵŮɣҿѧ

߼Ұ䣬˵ܷ·һҹ䳤󣬻ǵõʮĵŶȣпҺդһһץסҺ֣޵Ľ㣬ڳǮһġҽʶ˺ö﹫ӣǻҵġ



֪˵ܵ϶ۺ䣬ĳɳʽ̫ˡ

ˣˡ
ӵ˵


һع
̫ã̧ȥëǿ鷻ǰ

һŨīζ鷻ģҪôǴСҪôǴʹҿ鷻Աߵһ弡

ͷվŸ߸ݵˣʮңòʮֵĿ㣬죬ǵմ˺üīգüۼѹƣһȳһյߵͷԼЩˮӻ򿪸ȡݽˮԡ

ƹҡͷЦЦСȥЩܲȤ˵ȳӣӹҲ߯ʡˣ᲻õ͵ƣǰУԡ飬۾Ϲˣ㲻ʷôôӼЩ

ϹˣĪҪ˵
ȳЦҡҡͷЩϣͷֻǳԸû˼֪ܲǲʷĽ㣬ص̾˿װᣬ͵Ĩȥᣬ˭֪ȴīŪˣǱ

﹣ܣһҺôںҡ


̾˿˵˵ϿڱҲռһˣҲ٣ӲմǷǣ˼ҴЦǺǾ͹ˣҲڶߣֿϳԿ࣬պڿƾһ·

ҵͷҪֶʲôȻҸоڿҡ

̧ͷ˵Ŀཻ

˲䣬Ĳϣ֭ˮ˳£ŪѣĿ벻ţңţ㡣

֪ϳˡ

˭ء
ƹȡЦʷء

Ҳٴˣתߡ

㡣

˵ܴңͷһŭƿסĿˣһȳһյ׷ˡ

Ҳͣڻ

æҵôӸϽ뿪

㣡

ͷ˻ߵ˽к۵ƿۡ
˵ܹڵϣһ˿޵ģ㣬ҶԲ㰡ûãûȳ

Ŀڣһڳؿޡ

ʮãã

ϣһ죬ҿԹĺĽ㡢˵һԷ
ϣһ죬Ľ㲻ٱ΢ί˵ܲƶ̣

һþȫһЩ

Ȼߵ³ڣţݽһɾӣշˡ

л
ţӲȥᣬЦ㿴Цˡ

ӺȻһЦų˵ǳǵĵ˭Цأھ̾

ЦЦƣ񣬲֪˯ˡ

Ҳ֪˶ãͣˣҲˡ

·۾׼˭֪ӺȻ˵˾䣺

ˣ˯ˣС˱ûֵܴ̫үǸˣ˵ˡ

һ⣬ѣ

ˣң




23.  ү̫ү   ã

22-

˲䣬Ҿû˼֪ôµ

Һݺݵ´ȣԼ侲

ż

󸮣Ҫô£ҪôҡǰһֿԸЩһس£Ϊγٳٲ

ǲҪҸᣬż

ôżؾ֮·ţײһ

вУѵ˼Ѳ⣬ǿģ᲻ỳһسĿġ˵ˣҽȥĽͰ˵ܣױ綼ˢҲɢţҪþĒһĿ

뵽ˣҼ߻ӣźѾͷȫȥĵоЩ֬λһȫױ̨ϡ

ʲô߽ࡢӺ
ʲôױױţױ

ͷɡ

ҷúľӵֶЩĿʮֵض̴١

ȵȣϻʵ۲أѼ̫ӣµ̽϶ţë֪ܲҽ٣ҿװ磬᲻ỳҵģҲװ磬᲻ڲͬ顣

ҴǰûôѶϣֻ˵ܾ˵Ĺͷǽš

ҽͷ˳ڴϵЩ֬Ⱦš

˭֪ûеȵѣȴ
ҹų˹ڣݵ֧֧ģ·֪ôڣ̾˿

㣬̫үѾˡ

Ŷ
һʧ䣬סǿЦ̸ͬκ֮£

ǣ̫үˣܲս˵˻ӻͻعˡ

ûң
ҽŵʣʵӦûС


û˵ѣ۲ҵɫǵ㣬κıѾ˹У̫үҹģ˲Ҳġɣ˯ơ

ֲСӣҪ˺塣
ҷٱߵӣЦУǱҽ˺üطʵˣЩû£˯һͺˡ

ЦݵذߣźˡҷԼʲôģʮǰѾͲ㣬սΪأ˼㡣

㣬ûôҪ

ʵͨһ£ʹһ£Ĺּ尾ġ

ױ̨ߣ˺þãҵ֬λȻһЦȾƣ˾ľӱܻʵ

ģûڼкȣЩӣһ˴ӺԺСųȥˣ˭֪ȴңʮ֮⡣

ף˶ڵңҲãһҺȵиһȥڳʲô¡

ͷαңҹʼշ¥ǵƻԻͣƴƵ衢Цȡ֣оƽʵ˭УֻҪҪǳͺá



Ѱ˸Ƨİ䣬Ҫʮơ

Ҷ΢࣬񴼺񣬸Ǻڡһһ棬ֱþƺȣоƺ°Ŀڣ½ʪһƬκ䣬ҷ·ˡ

ȥʮ꣬һı˭ѣһߴ

⣬ˡ

÷奵仰һЦ

Ҳһİ˻ƣ¾ã
ҲһѵúͿ



ϵľƿֻ

õֻʱ򣬺Ȼ°ᣬţű˴ͷƿ߽ʮˣ°ɫֱ֣壬ż멡

˭
Щˣֳסη̵ͷЦЦĶȥˣôš
̧ۣŻ谵⿴ˣͦ൱ݣżҲڲסĸ߹Ϥ·Ƶġѣ

ҵľ˲˴룬æڵأͷڵϣ־ȼֿʼȻҲҵġ

㡢㻹ϵң

һһ
ǸܻϷŮˣϷеĶﶼ仯ԼֲǼ١

Թڵϣδ̧ͷĬĬᡣ

ɡ
̾㲻˴񡣡

︾ҡ
ҵɳƵ︾ֱҡ

ĪҪ̫ӣ㡢㵱δѡѵº͡

̧ͷ߹˲䣬ͷҵأҿ


ص̾˿˼ϣԼ˱ƣһ

Щ꣬úôʡ

ҹǰ˼ͷһſҵϣγɶǳһκۡȻ˲پƣͷѣε·ո侲

ءصµĻ︾ãú÷򶼴Ҽá

ɷأô
ѽ˾䡣

á
æش
ƲȻûѿ϶ڲذ²ٰ׮֪÷奴ң֪Ϊڱסĸλӣɷҷ
︾ͷʶ΢ʱһֱܾҡ
ʶңұ˵ܰԹ

Ǿͺá
ָԼ˱ƣ̾ķ˹¼ģǸùƶơ䲻ɼ̵ĺá

ҧ⣬ʹָ侲ҷ仰˼
ƶơ䲻֪ӯȥʲô֪ʲô

лµĿޡ
Żش

ͷ˿ȻͣˣⰲˣҶԼĺ

ڻҪЩʲôһ쵽

ȫǺ

ҲָժΪε걡壬ҲҵǸ

Գƹ£ɼվһңǽĻʵۣ˵ģǺʥּˡ
ҪĶر࣬Ҫ丶ۡҪĽͰ˵ܽذҪҸ߼ڳ߳ơҪҵɷݡҪķ⡭

û˵Ѻ˵ƣ̾˿ȥϸ룬ˣдࡣ

˵⻰ѾҪȥ

һ

תü죬ƴ֮ǰҿܵ
ѴӲ̰ȺҲȳҪиѵͷºͷ˵ƣҹ

ߵſڡ

͵ײӣ̨ˣڵʱһƬڰ
ҳȥסѵӣʮίȫһ仰үҪһѡ

Ҹоѵֶ£ڰУҿкα飬סȻ͵תұס

˵ģѾˣûôŤͺߡ

Ӱ׮˽ңҲһֱڸϷ˵һһֱʶԷˮɡ


ˣθһ󷭹

ôˣ
ѺЩ٣ʡ

̫ˣ¡
ʵʵ˵

Цȥ£Ž̵ۡ

Ҫ
ҹסĲӣָץıЦ²ˡ



һҹȥģģ䣬ڴѣ£ͷ멸ϣŵȥˡ

ʵ̫ۣټ㣬˯˹ȥ
ٴѾˡ

ڽѰŴãǼϵصĴ멣΢ЦŴӰ˳ȥ

ȥҷ֣¥ʵҹͱˣʱվżĹ˺Ǹϥһ󣬶ˮɨȥɨ

ɨۣһ֮⡣

̫Ƕ˰ɡ

أЩգͷֱߡ

Ҫؼô
ӸЦʡ

š
ҵͷ¶ӣЩˣȥԵ㶫⽡

ãСȥ



峿ĳʮ꣬ܺúųǣ̨ƣС̯ɢŨ

ͷЩۣһֻȺڣ̵Һ

ҿһԵĴӣ֣СֵܣҲԵ㡣

ҡͷЦС˲ҡ

ʲôġ
ЦЦȻҹҽе̫ݣѼֱסҵĿڣӹ˸ȫ̡
ҵյεЦˡ


ӿܿͷЦ˻ҪôҪҪأ

ݸû˵

Ȼֵٵ̧ͷһԭǸŻ̫࣬ŲģŸʳУҼ˸´˷ңЦʮδ˻ϵūô

ϸϸ˼˷ЦүǰĺʱǶС

ǣ˺üԡ
ЦٴθҼ񣺡˷ɸʤģǡ

˵Цˡ
ҲóЦҵ⽺ãҪҪЩ

л˵ʢ⣬ūҪعź̫үء
˵ͬʱʳзŵϣ򿪣ͷҩ˳Ц¶ŨүķؽūЩ

һ㶣Ǳɡ

лү
Щʧ䣬Цţķһ񣬶ҩźһ

ûϵһ죬ٺⶫ




24.     Ҹ÷奼˷

23--

ص󸮺Ѿˡ

ƵģӺȥ˭֪ײӯ򸾡

ɫСаױݰʣ͵ǣһҾͼ˹ЩãʣһҹûȥĶˣΪʲôϾζôأ

ûȥĶ
ҵûʲô£飬ܿĿ⣬͵͵ʹɫȣ֣ҲǵģУôܰҹ
˳ƴ˸У̧ߣЦе㲻ãͳȥ˼ЩȻطл

ȵȣû˵˯
ӯһסңģȻһ۾סҵĲӣøǰѾͷȥʣ㲱ô¡

ʲôô¡
²ӣãҹҲӺܳЩߣôͽѾͷˡ
ŶųԻʲôɡ
ͼܿεĻͷװˣѵӯ䣺㲻Ҫܺòãôˣȥȵôˣ

Ҳ㣬˭㣡
ӯۣѹ仰

˲䣬ұͷֿʼᣬûѾͷԭϣ˳ҹߣҡһؼҡ

㲱ӣǡ
ӯҧ´Ǳ׳ģǲǺͱˡ

ǡ
°͸ֱ߰ӳϡ
檣Ҥӣ潸ɳ檣Ϊβˣ

ɡǲԵġ
ӯ½ţһȥֿɣۻͷҸõģٲһҲð͡İ£á

Һһۣҡҡͷ
ˣδҺѵ¸߹ӯ䣬ˣ˵ˣѾͷ϶ͬ⣬οŻ
ԭɩӺͿˡ
۾һգӳɴ£ŸӯǵһأҲһأҪǧܣ磬һδ룬͵ңǵʱҵͻˣ˭Ҫҡ

ӯɵѾͷҵĻŻסңƺȶù緹ûһóȸЩƵѾͷЩˮϴú˯һ¾͹ȥˣֻһ㣬ٳҹˡ



ûӣСڿĽǵҳԱŷһȥ

ڼ䣬͵͵ҵңǲǺ̫үǸˣ
ʲôû˵ҲӴǸˣ֪¹ش֮˽Ӿ͸õϹưͣǲģֽҡ

ԡڴϣһⶼûУŽôߡ

ȣȷţѻĻᣬص϶Ǿ¥ӵĵطڹ󸮣Ҫһϸʡĵˣþһ徲صĵط

ΣҵԼݣʲôѸǰ䣬䣬ģ϶ҡ

󣬶ݶõĽ֧ųõĹϵԣҪݶݣǷδޡ潸һ㻨ٳˡġӡ

÷ٺҲմ˹⣬Щ强ټϴ˷ų࿴ϱһĳлó

ļգʵʵشڼУǰ񣬵˽£ȴôӳȥѰƧסʡӣⲻаǷǵھӡڳΪٵĹˡ

ͬʱҸ÷奼˷飬д˾仰һ

һжðúȥû˵ģ˵÷女ҲڵʱЩĵ˽ţҵûȥˡ

Ϊ棬ʰɷҳ˳

Ϊ˽Ϸ棬ôӰϳʮ֮⡣

ĽҰ룬Ƶ鳩졣

ǵõҺ÷奸ʶʱȥϷѵľ·˵ȱʳʮ˶δڴЯɽҰˣõϴɾˣĸ׺ԡ

̤࣬ʵ

ڡ

ҿЦȹɽҰˣӼҴ˾٣æúãһڡ

ϵֶ
ӶɽϣذڣЦʡ

ЦЦֱ¶ߵȺûش

Сǽһˣʮָմˮ
Цƶ֮˲ųԵĶ

Ҵ㽫̫үš
бӣȻСһ㶣ץͷţ̫ӶǳζģôʳѽתС¶ͷȻȻЦٺõĶԵĶҲ壬żҲҪζ

ЦЦͳӣݸӣһϵ࣬ϸСӣʮ£Ҳüëƺи̣ǽ׳Щĸо

̾˿㱾˳ҵģҸǰźʵίˣҪô¸ָɸ˰ɡ

ɻءû⻰ָŲԶһƬأЦǱߵҰƺ࣬С˵Ƕȥڡ

˵⻰ˡ

Ҳ֪ԸźߣԹԶ˵

ܶҲ֪һתʲô˼Ƿһ飬ѳ֡



ϣǲŻصҡ

ǸһһСլԺԺסˣסԺ

ҵĹ뷿Ӵͨģͨ͸崲ױ̨һþ˵ģãǸڼ֮ˣ˺ľģ᲻ˣԡͰϴϴ衢Ͱ˽ܵĶľġ

Ҹס£˹˵ӽͬڸ£ԼĪʱǰԤ£ӵķһסŲȫĸĿɿһŮȸʲôҪʲôȥð졣

־ϲ

ǣҵһһѵ֮УӦ˵κη紵ݶƤӵ¡

ϲǣȻûǴε¶ˮԵ

ʱȸǼͽҼ
ԴۣǸȸʮӣòƽƽδʩ죬رȫһĵĻûУҲûйĨǴҵ˳ָɣֻ˵˾䣺ūӽǷ˵ˣΪͿأڡ

ɲ޷¾ϣϾһμ棬ɹģҳϺĻǲػɵģȽðɡ

ôȥϴˮȸɨһ飬δůҹﻹռ̿裬ؽ巿ůˣ

ԶϴҰˣѽۣظԤЩػȣůθٰ࣬Ұͺࡢ´װˣ

ȽЩѾ˺ʱ

ҸϽԡ£ҲδԼϴζ˱ǣ̫ףȻŮãǸʽб֧ͷ˼խСĵĨأͷɿСаһܿͷĴ⡣

ڶʮͷʱϲױ֬ҪˮõģĨ

ͣƫױ촽з顣

ױú崲ߣӴó̥У򿪣ͷһЩŮС

ԥҪҪЩʱȸţ˵ˡ




25.  ˮ   Ӧ

24--ˮ

ջ˾д򿪣ͷͷԱߣȻ˼ҵˣھû˼ˣ˳㣬Ҳ̽һѺòڡ

˿ʩʩȻߵſڣ¡

֨ѽһˣѴͷˣһģҹĺ硣

檹ӭ¡
ҹߵס



æңҴñ첲оĿƣĿӡ

ʱ̣˴˻̫죬ֻҹ¥û˵䣬˹ϵЩΣң΢΢ͷֱƵתͷİ衣

ͷǽϹŵǷݣתеߣͷߵĺӣû¶߾ϲ·ʲôûƵģЦ߹ߵԲϣ

̫æûͬú˵ӻ

˵ʵҲЩΣЩ÷奣ҴδԹˣֻӲͷƤˡ

ǰ
ڴһЦջģûµģ

ڿô
Цʡ


ҹŮĽߣµĸӱСʱߣģҲСʱãϰյĻ˵дʮ˱䣬ȫȫ

ѽ
ҡͷЦЦܹ꣬컹һ˵㡣

ƣⲻĵúܺô

ȸ̨ŵҰ˶󣬱Թ䣬˳ưŹϡ

һˣõҹɡ
ҸҨֽ࣬ӸϣЦˡ

ѳ˿ڣޣ࣬бңЦɽڲˣµȫԹ⣬Ųʢ顣

Ȼ˶ң˵ӦԵʱһý

ȻѸ˵⻰˾䣺ǻزô˻ðլԺ

Ҫô˵ʱļ֪ʡ

̾˿Լ˸̨£񱱷ʢһŮ˼·ײȫԭסҼ˳뿪ҵǸСʵǆ·ˣȿھƶҪܣⲻԼطסڡ

Ҳá
Цŵͷꡣ

Ҽ״æͳɾӣȥ

Ȼؽӹ˵˾лذԱߵĵӣʾ¡

ϴξ¥۸㣬˼ǰ󣬾Щɲһصø

żˣϡ

ɡ
ָ棬ü΢΢ɫʹȥأʽɷ룬صڴ˵סţȸʼݱɥһȷΪˣ˺ӺλΪҪ⣬޴Ƿϲõġ

ҵʱס
һ˽ǰ̣Ǿͬƽִɫ

ԲԣҸ֣αôȦӡ
÷治öôɾӣֱ˰ɱˣ֪ԹѸݸǸã

ʵ¸⡣
ҽһЦ

ʡ

ʾǻ
Цʡ

ô˵
¡

ҹ˼ýƿЦϱ檵˲٣˵ʵ檵ݺʵΪõµȾ۵ģ檸ϣﵱȳȥѽͰʾա

˵Ȥ
ݸһЦָߵ棬Ҳҽ¡

Ȼʹ֮ɫŷĲͼ

Ҽ״æǰȥվ󣬰Ħӣۣس˿

ô㵽Ҫʲôأ
ֱӣʡ


Ҵǰˡ
ʱҸˣ沿ͣƺûʲôǣò˵÷Ӣ͸Źɸ߹ϣƫԶĨƵЦ·ûʲôѵõ˵ȴʱʱ̸̿ſӣľ仰Ӧˣǻᡭ

ʱӦϵػش⡣

ֹͣ磬еǰ£ͷֱԸһԸƽϲ֡ѣԸԼ˳졣

Ц⽥𣬶ſãȻһЦûһӦۣԼļʾҼ

Σߵǰվȷֿм䡣

ۣ·оҵǼܽͷ΢Щ

ЦЦʼͲӡ

±úܽ϶ƣ

ǰκıһϰٷ౨ꡣ
ƽƽȵ˵£ҿգ졢Ĳƽ̩ȻȻ̾˿Ҫ˵һ¡

£ʡ

֪ǣĽͰ˵ܡ
˫Ȼ´ϣͷҵİĦĸ۹޺ʷֶŮ-ˣһֱһᱨⲻĽͱʷȥ檣ͷ꣬Ľǲãֹ︮ŰʷǶ.裬ϻи˵ܣĽ綼Ѱ޳
Ҫô˵Ķⳤģʷ˵Ľʮ꣬ôɫĴҹǰƣܲϲĽ㣬±ֵһֳЩƫ̻Ĵ̫̫ͿʼĽ㣬ЩֻǵģҪǣ¸ĽӣĽͻӣŶˣǵʱ˲գ

һĽ㣬۵
ǸˣûĸңҲûһƣ˿ֻĬĬš

쿴ˣ̫̫Ӻᣬ͸ĽĶһ⡣
Ҿסû뵽ϵľǴˣѸˣԳ¡

ҾĽ㡣
üһЦǰգ˰иĽЩҩʹԲѣʹǴֶܵ״ıĸס


Ҵһ˸磬æʣȻأ

Ȼͳ˳õһЦ
򴽻ЦȻǲּҳ̵£̫ȫȨ̫ȻҪĽֻع˴̫̫һĿ̣ʷĽ㣬ֶ̧̫Ӽ顣ʷ⣬洺ؽּܲĽ㴲ǰ˲赹ˮźʮˣТպҲΪĽˣҲİա

ҺܸмѰΪĽЩ£˵ʵҲĺܶʷһңҽҪĴǺҪһݹϡ

ɫ죬ۣЦʣǲǶˣ

ֱӣȻſ˫ۣ˸ߣЦˣ죬Ҷ޹ҹġ

⻰Īðаܹȥ󱳵סţȥͷЦ˵ﵱģôأ

ѿЦã¼ʱ˵ģ
˼֣ȤԣùߣʵЩģŵù²֪Ǻá

ͱˣ
ҧ´عŵӣ˰





26.     ˯

25--

һֱǸֻ绰±Ӷ޷˵ڡ

ǹʮоʶ̾ˣǸĻҶ졢Ĳ˵ֻҪ⻰á

ǰһץסѵӣб崲Ǳߣʾ˭֪˶Ц

ôˣ
ʡ
½ҹֻǳһɡ
ͷؿ
˭ֻ֪΢Цһ仰˵ºͣȴ˵ζ
ұûëæſͷϴ󣺡ԭðʧˣˡ

ҵĸ첲ЦЩ˯ɣǵÿˣġ

˵⻰תȥˣͽһš

ͨ죬ߺöεЦ

ʧˣǸ˵һˣ˵˽Ҫ֮ҹ϶ĵģٹҲûã˼ᡣ

ץֻù룬ڵйߣվûңȸŵʵʲȥҼ嵽ϣͷϣУ´ȡ

й˼ҳ˿ƽ崲ϡ

Ҵһ꣬ʮһˡ

ǵСʱ֮ʱҺҪãÿҶǰһ¸׼񣬵ͷϯһܻӱһѣЦ˵ȥЩԼϲģҵľġ

ҵľġ

ҵδ򣬾ͳɷкһ

֪۽Ǿʪˣұۣ

ʵҲʼɵģ겻档
أ÷女׺ͷܼ꣬ǵãܻ¥һƲˣȻͬźʹʹһ棬ˣ֮͵ؼȻ֮

ҿЦֱĨȥᣬã΢Ц߳ӡ

ûʲôģֵһᡣ

ҹ꣬ĴЩ䡣

ҿ첽ߵԺĳӣɱˡ
ӺȸҴ˾٣ææЦվϣ֡

Ҹɻûþ÷ҳ˼ˣ㡢ɽҩˡͱ˸ͷ
ҰѲһһڳĳϣȸӺĸ÷

պۼҪദã鳤Ǽ꣬ǵĽˣʽס˼Ӧһٵġ

ȸ˲Ҷſڡ

֪ǹĹأҲûǿǸԼƣǵȾЦ߳ȥߵӸǰʱͣ£ˣȥ˯ˣкǳԺȰɡ

˵⻰Ц߻Ϸϴ˷£ȥ˯ˡ

һʼҲ˯ţңӦñ˵ĻɣδҲ֪òοɷ仯
ӽأ֪ûаʱ̥ҩ
Ľ㣬Ĳûкת
÷奣ȥ˳Ƭ̣ûڸǰۣ˰ɡ

ţҾͿʼʲôʱ˯ŵģ֪

װ£Ҳġ

Ȼұһ˵ѡ

ʶЩŵֱ

˭

ŵ˲δشֱŶ
˷ֽŹˣ󲽳崲ڣҿ˵ģֻƼͦߵġ

˭ѽ
Щˡ
ɱ֣Ǽӣ
ҸҪУ˾˴ߣйСζ죬ѣ

ץס֣֣ô

ѻЦû˵

ݸıƵʱһɨ⣬ȤǸѽҹ͵㣬ŵģֱӽˣ

㡣
ʳָҵı

ЦΪÿζڵϹģ̫ˣ

ԡ
ѻЦ

ƫҪ㿴ҡ
ŤͷЦųŵķ򺰣ȸյƽ

𡣡
æסҵĿڡ

ȸյѿ

䣬֨ѽһ˴ͷƿ
ҸϽ£Ӹϣ´ױ̨ȥ

һͷһ崲ϵѹȻû򴽻Цӻ֣ȸϽȥ
ױ̨ߣ֬УСָЩϸĨ͸ӣҿЦ´˹һԣһױ

ҹģװʲôЦᡣ

˭õ˵ҳ󡣡
ƲƲ죬ʣˣ

š
ݸ

һЦװżùζ

ǴӾüͷ΢壬һЦңҹΪ²ͣźҺյЩޣʲôûҲζһ굽ͷҲȥǶΡ

ʶȤ
ҵ߽ģճտžˣۡ

ȻЦʣô۹µӣɹ·ˣ

ǲһ
ҲԾͷĸ︡

˵⻰֣崲ȥ


ȸˮ



ºѵı䣬סƽҵ

ʲôһݺ

뵽ˣҲЦ

ѽ£סҵļʣʲôء

£
Ц

󲻹Цˡ
ҵͷЦѾͷгص˭֪ȴˣΪʲôأ

һ죬յߣޣΪˡ

ѽ㡣
εҡҡͷ౳ɡ

š
ױ̨ҳƿͣ࣬泯£Ȼʹ֣
ô

С
ѱۣüͷɿأ̾˿ʣиⲻ⣬˵

һԳޡ
˼ǡ˵ˣһ֮ССģǧҷ

˵
ҲŲҵֵ˵ͣ

ô˵أЩҲ֮ɣȴòɱǲζǻޡǲǸ÷ǡ
ʡ

ϸ˼Ƭ̡
֮ǰܵ϶ģʺô꼸ûɱˣоϣδѶϹҪҪŹЩҳӦ⣬ɱɣңֻҪ˳İοˣô˵أ

и£½

˵

ıЩ⣬˵÷奵ݾվģĸѣ裬ʵڹò˳ģһӯ䣬ҲԽҹļȡ

ѵͷ֪̾˵ֻʮһ꣬ȴŮ

ԡ
ҽŵÿ˶еߣ檵ĵ߾ŮѰ˼Ůϣˡ檲ˡ
˵ɶ˵ǷݸһЦӢĲʺ񣬿Ҳеߵġ

ü΢ŶҲеߣ

ҸıЦǸˣűµĵӦƽȰ̩ϰзԡ´ģһֻһֻۣˡ

ЦЦû˵
תӣԱߵλãҽ˯̣ʼûۣ§סң˯ˡ



룬ҵĻشӦú⡣

ڶѺͷѾϸߣ崲ֻһˣʲôʱߵģҶ֪

һƿСϷҩ

ҩɺܿ࣬ûϵҲ

ҹһգѶսӦúæ

ҴӴӿһϢ͢Ϊսɣ˫۲ݣսɲ˵Ҫַ̺壬Ϊ˲ƣ͢һӦǨ꣬һ澡ʹκǶ͡

գ̫үŭΪҳ˵ö֮˭ͣ˭ǻҳٵס

̫үĶǳɴûҦָʹ顢ɵλ׽ɱͷҡš

귢Ҽϵ£ַڸŴϣҸء¡

ѰⳡսעѪȣѣҲעһҪһҵĵ






27.     ԺҲø˱ˡ

26--

ٿ֮, ¹ȥѾա

ô˵أ

£ѹʮ, ֮ǰһ, ҹ֪첻ȥ, ߵʱܲһ

ȻܲԸⶫûֳ, СŮƵ, , Ҳͷѽ, һҪΡ
⻰ҡͷЦЦ, ҵ°ͣЦ֪Ͳ両

ʵ, ˽¸ȸ˵ˣȸ͵͵ҡ
, ޼, ûҵͷࡣ

˵ʵ, Һദĺܲ, Ƿܺг
ʱȡЦ, ʱ, ֮, ÿԼĪʱңû̫֡ţҲûйͥסµϿ, ܾˡ

ºһȰɾͰĦɡ

ʱһͻȻ˼룬ϹȽⱲϵˡ

÷奣ҴİҲʧѹ
ͬܺгΪǵĿһ£һпſͷصģһྭӪСңǮҵ

㣬ǲһĵط̫ˡ

ʵ÷好ҷ֮ұֹһ̣ǵõҹ֮ܵԼһƻŮŪŪñﵽѪ͵͵ҽΣȴҫ˵ȥץЩֹ۵ҩ

ǸԺǿˣÿһ£ǴĿģƩõ顣ϾʱҲûʲôŵİãǺͬųԾƣıӣҲҰûŮϲȽǿˣܾˣɻǾȱٵʲô

أ
ԭҲᵣҹ
һϣ§סĲӣģּ̾˿ϣ檵ĵһǵ¡
ЦᣬĦҵıȰοңﶼԿοңҲȰȰ㣬ǰߵģЩĵĶȥˣӢĪʳ룬Ƿڵ־ǰΪ˼ޣܵԩ׺ʺͷ֮裬˼ҲΪǿص

ʱľˣҲ˵Щ绰
ҸĲ¼Ȼ͵飬βķЩ۰ȸѾͷнС
Ѹšҵ죬ЦĵֲԷ﷢ޣʲôŮ˶Ҫ



룬Ѻ÷奻Ǻܲһġ

ʼҳý󲻿ʵĸ߶Ⱥһܿ˸յºͣ
ؽ۽ָڵֶΣͲԸߵ͹Ӣ۵ȡ

գѺˡ

ĺæҽͷö

˵κıɵѾ˽ݣǽһƣվͻ򵽳¡

ݴʷлǣҲٹĶӱսˣǧÿȻ֣Ѫʬɽ𺣡

ĽݳǾʣһԬţһ޸֮ڵʶȴȴ󽫣ĴεֵסκĽ˵κǾԬĳ൨ģɳʹаԬ˳ȥ

֮κԷ˭һƽݳǡԬԴ

ԬӦԣԱرͶ׳Ϊսóһݸ˸ˣŽȥȫĵطȻ˭ݣݳһ˶ûߣԱԬַػɽ
һ棬Ԭ彫̫.ʵۡߵۡȵ۵ĻڳǽϣһľƣͬҲٸ꣬˿ɹ֮

йȻֺ־κҪֲһ滭ֻɱźļıʿйߣ



սϵľĶǣ˺¡

˵£֪ˣ־£㶯̥С

ʵڵĵĲУҪȥչ˭֪һΪҳ̫λ̫ҽǰСסԱοĵǡ

ʲôֻܳȥսϵƽԸƽ

ڳǵʱ⴫һеĿ޺

ȸôˡ

ȸ˵ڳɵļҡ

ҽƿЩƣͷƤ顣

ɸⷢһУ͵ĸ߼Һơ

Ѳ֤ңڶ

˲۸ߵ͹ԱǵΣӴͷߣ˺Ҳࡣ

ҿһԼĪʮ߰Ĺòĸ׸ǰʣôʲôʱܻؼҡ
ĸ§ס壺ûµཿ¡

ɵزȥˡ

ˣѴɵĸ߹Թһᶨκһսľģ򣬴ʵӣ֧Ӧϣֻ辶һң֧Ӧʮ̡

֪εǣ㣬иĸŹ死ǻᱻᱻ.ֻ̤ϣһǿЩݶЩţտڡ

Ÿʫдһ仰ùǧ䣬ºʿ㻶ա

˵һ˵ϻ
ЩŮȡһᣬһɾӣʳǲú

֪Ļã
ֻǰƽ



ںҲŻص

ԶͿƽװͷһ㶣ˣǰҹôô硣

ȸ߽ԺУ̧ȥϷƻͨ

ҽˣæӭϥҼһбӡڴϵǸݵĺӰ̾˿

½̫ˣʱˣ˺Щƣĵģ⿪ա

Ⱦƣ
Ѵ̰ģݺͳ£Ѿѹˡ

ҵ˵ͷúȥϢһء

ȹӣ첽̨ףŽݡ

ǰȥߵķϣ°ɫֱ֣ںڵͷһ֧ͷ˿Щңƺʱδˣǰ˵γһƣһֻƱ

֪˶٣˾ɫδ壬üۼ͸ƣҽˣһЦļʾҹ硣

ȥĶˣ
Цʡ

ϴ֣Сɰ򿪣ƽһԶóһһڷϣЦȥ˼ƽģ÷ģɷ÷奵ģԬġǸ޷СԬġ

һһȥζˣ󡣡

ʳָĶͷĨóɫСЦô㣬ġ
βûи磬Ǵױֻ̨ľӣվ󣬽ͷ⿪ͨӳݸĦͷƤ

ѱۣϣ֮Ȼ̾˿ʣ˵ǲˡ

һԳޡ

µôˣ

ѿЦݿزסˣҰ¶ָժޣҪô޸κͷҪôȰЯٹٺͺǨ

˵ѳ˿ش棬ȻһЦ޵ĲѾʼıˣ͸ֶ෬˽κκӵΪۣ꣬ȷƽЩԸλүֻүܱţ޵̫ͳӻеģɰҲԹ޸ã޷Ǩ꣬աҲ޵ŮˣôȰޡ

ҺȻѺܿ

ҴӺ滷סǵ۽ǵᣬֻ˵˾仰𢡣

һЦְסҵ֣̾˿߰ɣճˣ޾ͻסˡ

һЦϷЩ鶯ˣؼ䣬ʼһˣȥĶﶼȥͦõġ

áá
˵֣ճյضϵľƣָ棬ɣġ¸衷ɽʱţκΣΡ

תһЦôһ죬޻дһＺگȻԾл£˳ްʬ˰ɣĺս֮ǲģڳҸɽͷˣ᲻⽭ɽһֱš

еǰվ֮䣬δһ̣ôڽصͷκʲôˣΪһ˽ȼս𣬺ӶʳʧĲ˵֪һ£ų֮˵ȡͷ֮Ѫҩ𵤣˶ٿŮ˵ʵۣ˭˯Ⱦ

ѳĬͷ

ḧĲǿˣ檽Ҳӵսϵ£Ĳ˵ƴֿԬؽݣΪĶǵ£ĪҪΪûз³üչ檻ߵ󡣡

á
ݸȼŵɣסҵЦ̫ˣİǻӮġ

š
صĶͷкȻðͷ

ѿĻšܵǱߣͷȡУҽŵֱҧҧӺóޡ
ҽϵıʾߵǰ

ôˣ
Щ㵣Цʲô

ҧ´ǰץסñӵ֣Ц¾Ͱ檵κñӴɱԽԽãѲĶѻ

Ѿͷ
ЦЦ޷ϣҪң֪뿪ޣοԼ

Ұλ£úڷɢһͷɵӣֲ̾ߣרڷģһ㶼ۣ͵Ұɡ

вС
΢졣

Ǿֻһ¡
ҡȣˡ

áɡ
ЩΪ飬ñҡ

û÷
̱ڵϣбЩ

ǾԣЦִ

װ㣬ҵѴãЩ

ҧҧݺģٸµؿңЦŽֱѵҺᱧ崲ȥָĦ΢΢ı޺ۣʣ۲

§סĲӣüһһЩ



һҹȸĴˮ



Ѻ崲ֻʣһˡ

һҹķңЦ

ת̾˿ƿ׼ȱ˭֪СϿտҲĿѣȸ

ʱȸСŽϥЦ˰ū͸ˮźϴ

ҩأ
Ŀڣʡ

ȸθ˸϶ϲãϲˣ˵ˣԺҲø˱ˡ





28.  ѵһ   ʵҲôġ

27--ѵһ

, Ƶýлǵķ

ǳֽԵη·һҹ䱻˾ѣҾѰ, Ŀⶼݵսȥ, Ԭƴֿת˵Ԯɱȥ, κ˰

һ棬ȽȽСҲҫ, ԬİԬºޱ, 湦, һ¼, ոǣŴ͵Ϯκ, һأһ䴩κ

˵˺Ϣܵ˵, ͢ǰܵģϵѹɴ, վ

, Ҳҹ, ðҹ, ܻЦļ, ҰĦ, ý, ҷʮͷˣЩ׷

Ҳúȱˣ뾡ץסỳ, 󵨵졣

ţҲеɡ

ҹۣԭ˯ãʱ䶼·ϣ˯ÿնʱҲá

ԭֻ̽˵˵û뵽Ѿͬˡ

µһ죬Žܽ

ʮǰһģһǽߣҼį乬Ůʻͷﴦ̫ͣ߰°ͣţСͽܹء

ƺʲôû䣬ֻ˻˼硣



·ĺ˵ȥκ췴ʼѾסˡ㴦ʱӼ󽫣Ҫĸӣ̫ȥּ

Ůˣ̫һΣλһһأ¶մƫ˭Ҳ˭̧һʱ̧ߣ궼ƺѾ˶

˵⻰ʱ򣬺ҹһЦģǷиˣ˭Ȳ

סѵĶѺر
Ҳ̫ţҸԸţΪҵսؽɽŶ࿴

峿ȥ

ҴһεƫЦ˵̫үԼסģƽֻūɨ˵˭ү˵ˣ⼸أūһЩү˵ʵģ鿴£˵ġ

æЦŵͷͿ˺

ȵֻʣҺȸʱҲ˿æѵȹ̫ˣӶճ˱ϡ

ֻĨغ㣬ҡСȣƫߣĴ

ƫ󣬵ʤ㾫£ǽϹҵֻĿݡ֮顢ɽˮϰվʷӼذžУƱŸջʫʼЩʱ˵ĲӼ˻ӡ

ҡͷЦЦʱҲѽ

תߵǰ׼ǰֵֽϾܿ˵Ը˭ֽ֪֣·Űѹ٣ҺܽڵһֱڱţҲ֪յ˼£Ȼˡ

Ҳû˿ֵ£ߵǱߣƿơ

ÿͷŸ໨ɸףͷװðźı

Ѵųףǰİ˺̵裬һԣظĥɰʱңˣһߣüµĴۡ

ڸ󸨳ݸ߹ȻķϣͶʮˣűң裬ߣһǨһսǸĴڵ۵ࡣ

Щ˵κƲɵǨ
Щ˵κͬҲٸ꣬˷ƽӣ˳ƽȨջأԱɽƽȣ
˳ûѹյĳУ֮ǰսܣŽ䳷ɴ󽫣



һֱüţһԣƼЩʵ۵̫ѿڸ׸һɫͷ⣬ԲͷȻۣ

ǰܾûʵܺ绽꣬˭Ͱ˭ͷˣ˭ļˡ
ԭ̫ˡ
ʵʵͷ׼Щĳ佫ĸʡ͵ĵƣ㻹ܰʰˣⲻԺĴ󳼾Ա߶ţʱվ֮ʧ

׵УЩ£󹬵ȴˡ

ѲòѸնķ£ֻյ÷ú̫

һ̫֣еʱɢȭͷԾؽʮˣ䣬ǽּˡ

ʱһݵŮ˹ӭǳʶȤ£ҽŹϡ

ż⣬۾΢΢סԱ㽫Ů˿øЩ

࣬ϴŶׯĺ񻪷ͷϴŴΣʵ̫ȣϵױˣ֬۸Ƶļ̫ˣǵ״ԣԶԶȥƺЩϱԽԵÿ̱ѵ

ôˮظѼһЦŽʳӰٺϸ˳ȥ˵ְӣרġ

Цŵͷô˸УȰ̫ˣЩùŮȥǡ

㶯ʵڸ䣬ˣϢ
ûߣѱӣЦʣ£

ͷԥãȦȻˣǰһץסһǣǵʣκƽˣվͱٳ¿Ӧ֮ߡ

ҿüͷ£԰סر⣺ڸ飬ӲãĪҪΪЩ񣬺úЪŰɡ

£ͷ޵ͨ죬ܿסرԼĹ۵㣺ʵڵĵ£ˣͷȥСԬˣǡƼٹҵлӷҲǶأЩʵڲ˼ڡ˵СԬ˹ӯ䣬κͷһŹɵĶŮһޣƺƺӹϵҲǳ

⻰ûðɣ޲ȥ˺Ǽ졣

ҳѿȥѵȵúܣЦ˵˾䣺ԶﴫĪҪţҲŵԺͺϲʣСԬͬ͵ļԵճɻִ٣ٸֵĻлӷСڵѣСԬ˺Ͷĺиӷչˣŵùӷ硣

֮ɫĨᣬЦǳ檶ˡ
ת˿ѹü£ս²Ǳ㣬ٹϹۣ˭ǺβЮлӷ磬ٹֶԸκء

Ц
ʮأȻǸӵģȴ˸ɻ䣬

⻰˼س䣬ָ棬ЦҲǵģϲлӷս֮˲Ϣ䣬нӦԣĪҪˡ

̾˿
ѻǹŷ֣ӣҪҪͿ˵Ĳˡ

һߥЮлӷ磬üͷ΢壬Цǳ檺Ϳˣ˸ǳ谮лүˣʲأӦ̼ģÿÿȥݼס

ɫ糣Цŷ룬Ǳй͹źͱȥˣѶþˡ

ֲõĸоϻʵۣ綼ݱ˰ɡ

ҲǣȫȨڸ󳼣κı棬ӣʵѾ˻ʵ۵Ȩ˽ҸǰԳƹޣϻʵļݱˣֻضˡ

ҡͷһЦ
ŵȸǰСʣЦʲô

̾˿һֱãǸ̵ģû뵽±ҹ˵⻰Ҹȸ˼仰ȥ졣

һ˵꣬ͷ˶
ԭˣ˵밲

ǸʼԼͶӳı˽κŮˣ

ǰȥ֣ôڲסŶѵ檽˵Ƶټ֣¿ҪԺ𡣡

ЦЦأȻȥա

ǰһߣžͽˡ
ŮòǕiһͷƵͷȣǸѵһˣҺÿ

˸ʳУЦŽͷıѶ˳ظѳȥˣЩѣνⷦ

ЦŵͷһСףҪǰ̣ӻ֣Цⰸ϶Ǿ࣬˱˭ãΪ˱ӣ㻹Ǳˡ

Ĩʧ۾ﺬᣬȻֽ˼֣ǵĵ£檵ĴһֶֻĹǲ檡

ҡͷһЦ˿ѣ㶼Ǻӵĸˣô
תбĨȴʣҲþûڶˣʦڶʲô飿

üƬ̣Цǡսߡڶ檱š

ָ棬ü˼£ذʾѣЦǵáսߡô£ǿعԹԹСæȣҪ̫ӳ͵ʡ̫СӣȻǲԸġ
ʦվȰ̫˵ĸ֮ӣΪ֮Զ̫Ϊ˳ÿǣΪԹĽǣ͸ýȥΪʡ

˵ѶŲ̾˿ĸһΪŮˣ¾ͻäĿֲǷףȥú÷һա

£Цϥ񣺡ȫµģȥڶϸϸض¡

Цϣĸܶ
˻֣ˣˣҪ£ʣȥɡ

ʹ㲻Ըȥ⻰ֻڨڨˡ

ҿʱյģѶڸλϣֳͷƣ۲ѡ

ȻߣĨ˷֮ɫҪ˭֪ڴʱԱѾڵãҪҪ

ѶҵķЦ͵͵ȭȻֱӣɫ



֪ôģȻһ¡

ǵߵ崲ǰЬȥƽ£ͷϤСζ֪Ȼˡ

ҳЦԼôȻƸ

ԭǸʵѡ

ʮ̫ӣÿնôæңһڷԣˡ

ĽǷҪ
ĹĶҪ
Ҫװ֪

͵ĹҸ
ǾҹļƵģɳԱ
ĺģ۶գɱˡң
ǸɷֵС
Ǹøףһ󲽣òӻͷ

ǰܵ϶ΪѾ˽ˣɺȻ֣˽ĺǳ

˵һˣأҲǹһˡ

ţҾͿʼʲôʱ˯ŵģ֪

߰ģ·ܶҶ߳ᷳȻҸоҵ˵ģ

۾ڴߣѾ£ҽɢͷڶЦ˯ãϿҪʹˡ

¿ۣ綼͸ˣͷӶȷʵ˯˺ܾá

Ȳ㣬ûб¿ֻ˯ඡ
Цͷ

˵ʢģ˯ʱҲҪǱӣͶСˣҪ
Цң֮ǰļ磬ƣһ°ɡ

§ס°͵ļѣЦģ檲紷ˣǻ

ѴҰ.¶.أһЦУ㡣

ҾãӦ֪ӣҸˣз
Ťͷ¿ȥĿϵһϣãȸȻҪĶŪˡ

ɿѣ´СŹȥӴ򿪣ǸǹкϵȵҶ
ҰеĶڵϣϯضһ߸̹װҶһ֣߳ҸŪ

ЦҸǰ§סңҿϣЦԭҳ̡

ǰ
ҽ̹׼𣬳˿ڣ̫ǺֱԣҽŲѵĿڱߣЦЩо֪ЩƽϵĵҲأ鷳ˣһں̣Ȼѽķȫ³ҲԽ㷦ԭ㱸˱̣壬ɡ

С
Цų˿ڣ˭֪ҲǺˣſֱȣ֣вУζ̫ˣŪġ
˵ѻǳűۣüͷýģƺ뵽ʲôĵ£˿ں̣Ȼص̾˿˳ѻҰ׵˳

ٸװһɡ
̧֣ڲ£ͷɢţһֱסϥһ־̣ۣһڷѹȻѷ³

ҴСɰȡߣͷİ׷ֶ˼



ţ
æӦš

ԱۣЦ֪綼Ǽ׵İۣҲҲգ޴ͽҧס죬۲Ͱǰ˰ɡ





29.     ģ̫

28--

Ӱͷ˳, 纳٣ͷܰεģԽԽࡣ

Ǳˡ
ЦЦ, ˿̡

¡
ҺȻ뱧, Ǵ󻷱סӽסı, ְţдǿ
˵, ҺܻϷ, һͶ, ԼֲǼ, ҵ˳䵽Ĳ

ûµ, ˭ϣҲ⡣
Цļȣְסҵ, Ħ
ȻʲôƵ, úܼ, ˵һȼյǹŵ, 첽еǰ, , óĽ, һɨϵֽ͹ٵ, ѽзϣŤͷң, Ц

㿴

Ȼȥվࡣ
һ§סңһְѽд򿪡

ͷǼۣиĵĹڣÿһβ϶пĴָͷСĶ飬ڻʺĹڡ

⡭
Ҵ㵵̧ͷ

ͼݱˡ
Ѻƽ˵仰
ҵļͷ»ȻؿסҵΣ»ʱ֮ڣ޵ǻԤˣǻʺķ۷ڣ㴩޿

ҺȻζӳ£Ǽ
û뵽Ѿңϻʵۼݱ¸ң
û뵽谮ңҴʺ

ͳɶ˵һ仰зġ

ԭҸѵ̫ȻǻʺⱲɽأ

һ·ҴδͣЪٴίҲʣصƿѳң˵£һУǲϲǸģǲζţѾΪ뷨

Щ΢΢ָ̧ᴥýķˣŷϵĶ飬ȻĵҵָͷЩۣγѡ

侲⣬һҪ侲

˵޴ܷϺϲ˵Ƶģ֪Ů˵С֪ͬĺ޺Ͳʣ֪ʱ̽ңʵķӦ

Ӧԣ

飬ҧ⣬ʹԼ侲

Ľظ.ŷۣ˵˾䣺ÿģֻЩխ̫ʺ檡

ƣסҵȰô࣬һѰˣ޿

ͷɴµЦǲ䴩ģĪҪǿȣһѣȴҪ

ʲôѣʡ

¡
ҼסʹʲѣⱲû£ȥ꿴Ľѹ

Ȼô÷奾Ļ񶼲㣿

ȻһЦ˵ĸ׿ͷף£Ǳй˰ɡ

һδ˵꣬ͱס

Ҷ΢࣬һ㽫ζңԵ뽫ҿеʹ඼ߡ

ҲԾرۣ˳Ľ࣬ͷ

Ũ֮ʣߵ

Ȼֹͣҵ

Ťͷȥƿһ죬ͷصȥһ۶ҿ£̫밲ˡ

ֿסҵĺףǿнҵͷؿڣҷģضԺ˵

ѾЪˣɡ

ˣ
ȻӿҪرǿҡ

ȡȵȡ
˺ѵ£ָץı΢΢ЩԺЦ̫ͷţү

㡭
ü

ż⣬ְסĿڣ˵󳯺֣Ͻȥ

ûҾǹġ
ҧĶ䣬˿ȥ
ĸ֣ӳˣ⣬ȫˣֻһյ缴ɣǻȫסĴ⣬Щº󣬵ͷȥ

ѽ㡣
ѳǱۣҡͷЦЦ񱧺ƵĽұ
αأּš

ѰϵĻȫϣҷϡ

խҵͷûֻڰգͷ´ǵţɵվͷȵӡӷ΢Ŀ֨ҵͷˮ㵴

ҺȻһ㣬ԷЦָţȥǱߣһߺһãһ߸ź˵

šҵݺݵЦ̫Ŷ

ҲŲץסӣǱȥ

ֳϣͷʾѹ

͸ɴ⿴ǸһŮˣ䡣

ʱ˼Ƶı׹٣δλֻ˶ĵü裬촽㣬ü˻ӣŸʳУʱʱù˸ױûбŪˡ

󣬾ͿҪˡ

Сʱ򣬺һ˵Ц
Уңһӣһڸɾˮ

ЩҶûҵűܵ裬Լʮా

䣬Щúô
ʳŮڲ࣬Ŷߵݡų𾴣ð

֪ǲΪ޺ͱڶʱ򣬽֫Ťø죬Ҳҽгһֱҵ졣

һᣬصš

Ȼͷ䳯߿ǰʣˣ
˭֪ס֪ҸùЦˣʵǴ󣬴ţٵȵȣ¹Ҫ衣

Ĩʧ̾˿ĬĬš

Ҳģ½ţŤѵ

ѳʹ˿סûصشҵĴȡ

˳ҵģסԼĺŶôˣ

ҽŵĿ˷ܣܸоҲˣҲúܴ̼

檸Щ
֣ѾͷȥǵŵЩʡ

͡ͷˡ
ѡʹࡱ

ǳ檸ġ
һϲüǵʣ·ſˣ·Ҳ̫ԣô
˵Ҫǰߡ

վס
Ѽæȵõúܡ

ԣ
䣬Ƥӵ͵ҵˣнա

Цû֦Ҳƴҿڵ֣Խˣصؿ
˿סңҵıϣЩᷳƣ˼֣˼˵Ȼȥգʱʱ̵̿عģóԽս²ķţ˲ҲҪ⡣

ίصᣬֻܡ͵¡һ񣬰ٰҪչ˺ӣȻŽʧҹС

һûüЦͱӣסҵĲӣݺݵظҧ޵Խˣްͷˡ

㷣ѽ
һǷı飬

ã˵ġ

һѺᱧңƫȥ



һҹ裬˸ߴ˾͵öؿշ



ܻعƽ

ļѣĿڣסػ飬ӵĿ࣬Ц

ʵ綼䲻˰ɣó֣ССطйһѡ

Ц䣿
ѱۣḧҵͷԺˣһ㣬ʲô¡ʹͨ죬ҲʱúñԼ¡

š
ҴӦ
أ֮ǰܵģһ޶檣ͲڣǸ֣û
֣ǽ֮󣬸սĸͶľ˾ˣ˾̫ʷΪ˺ɣʮǰ빬ѵҲǿ

̾˿ѻЦôû㣿

С
˵㻹иôû

ǸТ˳ˣɾ˸̵˸ز޿̼
˵ѽϱЩյҶߣʵް£ȥݲ߷Ͷ޿ε֮٣˵Ů֮ŻüǸŮкܡ

־ϲ
ǣ߻Ůˣ
ϲǣѰҵ˿֮ˣ׮֮¡

ģһ㱣ܵġ
Ц

š
ҵͷ

ˣ̫͵ؼ¡
ֹס°ͣɫǧЩ÷ĶĹٻҿɸ㼱

ģʲôʲô£ﶼء
ѱۣ΢ЦŻҡ

Ǿͺá
ͷؿڣ޵лӷ£̫Ҳ̫ˣݾҲ˵ЩûӰĻҥӷӯ˽顣

ԭֻǲҵҺȻһ¡
ȥ֮䣬κնɱÿɰ붯ٹ棬ŽΣֻ⡣
ҺͳСΧص̾˿˵Ůʵӷ磬ҵ˳󣬰ӷѰס



ҺȻżˣϸĥɵĻ
˾˾ʾҪ빬ʼͿʼЭҵӡѡһǾ׼ص㲦ңһϻûУô˵ҰӷѰףǲǰʾ

һϲȴװ£ָͷѵͷ̫ҶУɾܶҵӯ䣬£ʵиæ

˵

ҵȷʵǷӷһ飬СǸƷѵжٷ磬ڳĺŮѡӣý

ұ죬޺޵ӷ˵ɸɾģŮͬסһܵ££Ƿǡ

ҹ۲쵽ü΢΢£ҲĨЦ

ڡ
ҵıЦӷСǸ̹ˣǱġ

Ҳѳֲס

ԲɩӲ˵㻵ġ

Ŷ
ѻЦɡ

ôᡣ
ҧ˿°ͣĿ磬ûܰѳסˡ

һЦۣؿң˼Ƭ̣ʵ㲻˵Ҳӷýиãɪò˫Ҳߣӷ缫䣬ֻæһӾ¡ɣ׮¾ͽˣǣߡ

ơ
ʵ綼뷨ˣĹѡˡ
ٹ֣õķӲǰĶӵʡǺ׼ҡ

綼㣬Ҳ͸ˡ

ľǣ׮ͷ¡

֧°ͣճյؿӢĲ
һֱıƣضңҲˣҲжصĵλǡɡٹ÷奵ҪмǸˣ˭ǰ˵仰ԣҾǸ֣һܰﵽ

ֻ᲻һ۶ңҵʹΪԶԶ뿪

ģ̫ˡ

ҺȻеѹסңȻص˿

ҿ̫ϲˡ
ҶƵ˵仰

ҡͷһЦ§ڻҸǺãҲϲѽ˯ˡ






30.  ɪ   к

29--ɪ

ס˼, Ҿͳˡ
֮ǰһ㣬ҲҹŽܻؼҵġ

ƽ˵ӹˣסЩ쾹εĸо, ÿ÷, ȻԹԴƫ￴֣÷, ҹæ˵и, ˯

ӵ, ܲʹ졣

ǿ, ǴͷŸеɿ, ðֵͷԸⱲӶҪ빬ʺ

Ѿ, ơ١

һصʱִվſڵš

յƣɫ̴, Ÿݣſ, Ž, ҵĽӵС, æ, µ, Цſ첽ӭ

˵Ľ¡
΢΢, ƴ򵽵, ؼҵ·

㻹δ˯ѽһѣԺߡ

ڵء
ЦǺǵؽţ֪˽С˱ǰˮպ, ˣǰС˾񫷸ˣ.ƣЩϾʮˣҹﻹģһůůӣҲðߣУ

Щˡ
Ҵ˸УͷҲصߣʲôҲЩ˯ɡ

ܶһ£ᷢң˼ȫϣ˴ĬĬعĺ͸ҵıӰһӡ
빬ǰһվԺеĹ£⹾˾䣺ںȤûǻˣջƶûС

û뵽ȥϡ



ϣڴϷ˼롣

ʱҷ֣ҺעҪýƵġ

÷Ϊ˴ڽӴҪɶȥ࿴Ҫȡٹҳ棬лүǣߡ

ǵ֮ǰѱҹ˵ɪ¡

ѾͷĸǻŮмɫʵͻʱϣ˸ˣЩӺϻʵ۾֣̿ټû뵽⹬ŮãУʮ»̥¸Ůɪ

ɪĸ׳΢ֲϻʵ۵ĳ谮ûܶĹĶǣ˵ʧɻˣɪڹ

ҲʺԵãʱʱЩʼ仰Ҳ㿴ɪƽ

˭֪ǰ˵⣬ɪ㱻ϻʵȥԽף˵Ѿͷƣϻʵ۵Բѷذ׸ͷϻʵһŭ֮½ȥ¹۴Уӻ׹ѡ˸Ů˹ȥԽ

ʵɪƴܾ׵ΪһԽ೤ˮǧɽȥԶ˹˭Ը⡣Խ֮֮أӿԼ̳ӲƲ׿ɽ

ԽѾʮ׵ػѣ֮󻹵ñĶӵţȥ

ҲǣɪȻܹѵĶΪ˴ֺлӷףӦܽܰɣ˵ˣлүƷòǶǰμģҪȥ˵

ҽɻѡ
˭֪һЦ˵ɪ֪ˣֱκѶԸУЩġֻҪ˵ˣ޶л㣬˵ܸλ

綼˵ǸǸˣȻ֪ĵҪĶ

£һҪƯƯֹΪ˸߼𣬻Ϊ˸֤ҵ

ڶ죬˸磬ȥð̽ɪƷ

һҪģһӾľ롣

λСӣӦǸƧģӺ͹ģػϲӡСèֺÿֿСܼ

뵽ˣ˸ӣôӸϽȥѰֻСӣٲЩóԵ죬ʵ˵ĻС˵

׼޳ȥ˵ЩԴЩ飬ʺϿ

ϣЦŴȤףб˽ңѹȥԼʲôѽҪСѾͷӼ˵飬ܴȶ޿ͷ

šҵĴЦУȥԿգҲ£ɪ׵ġ

ЩޣôҲ˸ŮҲеֶΡ
ӯСʱѹˣǱҽ֪ʶҾͲˣһ㲻һʮ߰ѾͷƬӡ

գıѻ磬ԡȸˣƺƵɱȥ¹ۡ

¹ڳǶɽϣ˹ۣǰϻʵ۵֮һڹУ˳ס

˵ɪźԼļŮ̫࣬ס˽ȥӣЩ֮˳ֵ㣬˻˵ӡ

뵽ˣڴһЦѾͷĺлӷͦġ

ɽرأûѵƣκɽŹ޵ġ

Ҳһѵġͷˡȥá

̧ȥ¹۱һƬ̵ķβΧסſʯ鲼źڰӣֻʯϷֱŸľͷ̵ˣһǺ׷ͯյĵʿһǸԷˡ塣

Ҹ׼ȸȥߵţϰû뵽źȻˣͷ߳Ĺ

ʮ߰˵ģõģͷˮɫĨأͷһɫıɴӣͷϴ֧˵ױʮˬ

ȸһŮæ¿ͷūݼ¡

ɪ

ɪһĲͷҲ˵ôҪҿͷ

ȻǸеѾͷ

Цǰϥ񣺡ϣ밲ˡ

ɪ´˷ңͷ΢ЦͲˣֱߵľǰǶơż⿴˼Ƭ̣ŵĲó̵ʼľ

ǰЦŷУû빫˸߳գƳʫƣɿŵѸ緭ÿˡĿÿ˵ĵʣ

šɪͷҲ̧Ӧ

Ҵ󾽣·Цǵġ

ͦõģȥɡ
ɪľϵľмشҡ

һ֣ȸƷؽСӴľﱧеɪǰЦ㣬ţڹģֻƤë׵Сø

Ҳϲӣ۾¡
ɪңȥ굽ڣѾǵʮ˵ˣ˵ˣûǸʲôлӷ磬ϲǷ̫Ӹ飬ҲԼҸȥȥεƷ


ҵʱסˣӣ֮ͨ飬֮ЦȰûŮǲúͿļˣ˽лӷ磬ǸǳˣòƷǰμġ
лӷͼӴ˵㲻Ϊ̫ү룬ҲΪ°롣κ˻ʵۣɱף϶Ӳһ٣˵ˣκбΪıȡŮ.ҩ˻ʵۣжŮꡣ
κѾ˽ݣ͢ûٹǿԮذɣ빫ԴΪء

ҾͲˡ
ɪЦ˫ۻסңŮ˵ЩֹͣȨķ׷УԸлӷ磬˼лү˵ԸȢء
µסڹͲ֪лүϲأʲôһˣΪ˼ңǾʳǴΧɱκֵ½֪ʵֳͦӵģҼ޸бŮ˵ˣⲻô

Ҳģ׼Ȱ

˭֪ɪѾͷüһЦŤͷϵľмбңЦ

λŮ㣬ҿŸ˵ķʽƺˡ̫Ӹšܡ֣Ůˣǰڹδ㡣

ɪһƽң´ңЦòط̫Ӹĸ˭ˣ˵ʵɣǲҸ鸾

ڵһºˣٺ޳ܣҲòУܿɪĿ⣬ˡ

˵ˡ
ɪ֣ϹҸţ˫졣

죿
Ȼ˿ĭʣʲô˼

ʱĻ˵Ǽ.
ɪָժҺѡ
ǼŮҸУûǽĻʵôҲǣмɫҸѲɻպӣ治ˣˣ˼ҵҲ𣿷ҪС϶ͼҸʲô

㡢㡭
ؿһһ˵ģȥҺøǳܶûѾͷһֶûУƫִģһˡ

ˡ
ɪ֣Ŀ̵ߣĮظ¾仰ǰԼˣҰɣߣҲϲ

Һ޵¹ſվһյĹ򣬲ɽ

ؼҺûϴûгԷһͷ崲ϣݺݵؿһӣֱͦͦڴϷһֱɪ˵Ƿ

ţӾͿʼʹſڴãյ÷ŰѶĸѹȥ

Ҳôױŭ˰ôǣƢԽ꣬һ㶼಻ס

ԽԽίû£Ҫʹţ˯ˡ

Ҳ֪˯˶ãֻо˸ʲôˡ
ҳۣѾˣ˵ƣѴʱҸǰŸʪֽҲͷ

ô°
ЩԹ֣Ҷȸ˵ˣҲչ˺Լӣôԣŷȣκ˵ҽôö֪

е㲻
ӷָסѵҡһЦô򿪵ɢȵҩɡ

ԺҩˡüϸֽҲͷգһЦô¼ʶ˰ɡ

㻹˵
һɪҾһƿѣŽµأԼ˱ˮ˹ȫˡ
֪ôͷβñǿ׿ңʲôѽﵱ׽Բصʱûء
ֲŭѣˣǵøɣǿ㳤㣬ʺĶŮˣ˾Ĵ껹ǶҿͿġ

ǡ
ЦŴӴָ˫廨Ь߹֣·ëʲôʱܸġ
˵䣬ȥҰЬϣصҵĽűˣҿɾʹƨ.ɡ

ѽ
İһۣƤСϣѧӣ¼
һЦ߹վ󣬰硣

ͳǸðɡ
Һ޵ҧгݣѸ״֪ʲô𣿼.

˵ʵ
һЦ

Ҳҡ
ͷŭ

ˣѾͷƬ
ѳҵͷָͷҵıЦʣ¶ûˣ


סϸ룬ºûϸºҲ
ǲǡ
סС˿ĭŵֱ

š
Цŵͷȸҽ練Ӧ˯ˡ

һʱ侹Ӧ˵ˣɵɵضѣϰ˵˾䣺ԡǻŲҳҩģ

ѵͷšҵұסૣҲһǰЩһֱܼͬңҺûźӡ̫ˣӦòĿζˣ϶ԭġкˡ






31.  battle   ôˡ

30--battle

ҡкˣ

ϰ춼û, ƿѣճյƤСԲϣ̧, ɵƵҧ˿Լָͷ, еֻۣľżƵ, 쿴ѣůЦ֪, Ρ

һӾͿ, ôֹס, ˲ʲô벻, ֻǵҳ·ĳëãҸæ廨Ь, ҸһȲסֱͦˣöġ

ôˡ
Ц, ýŹֻСԲʣҶ, չ, ϸ, Ȥ, ô, вˣ

˰
ѿڶ
ʵ, ﻹǺܸӵġ

ҼƻҪһ, ĸһͿصԭ򣬱ϾΪûкΪ̣ò, ֻжһŮӣ䲻ǵճӣΪҲһλĻᡣ

߼ػؾշǰʮίాҵġŮӯӴ˾˸̣лҲ붾ζ

Ҳµúܡ
һ.ޣҵĺӳضΣֻɪ̼䣬պҺͺӡѻܸķͷꡣ

˲䣬ðͷ
Һͦõģ໥¼ƣҲʧҸ˺ӣ᲻һжˣѻ᲻Ѻӱߣ֪ҵĴڣ᲻Ầҵĺӣ

ôˣ
ַϣʣʲô

԰ʲô
ؽҧۣԼƽ
ûҼڻڼ䣬黹ǿζƽУҲٿԼûлͷȥˡ

ҡҽš
ҿѡ

ɵѾͷ
˿ҵͷ˻Ѱ£ʲôأ

㲻ס
ץסѵ֣ģּظ˵ĵ׵ίҵӺУȥĸͲֹһε漥²˵ĸ

һ˵ȥҾ̲סޣҲ뻳аɾǻˡ֪ôк󣬰ǷűڡǰھϯɷϳЦõĺ켦øͬųԣĽҾ


ȦȻˡ

˵ꡣ
ҴѵĻһɹһر˵£͵͵ʣµѣ˭֪ðϿˣûҸѵûԹѣҾǾմմ˼ҵϲ˵ܻϡȥòˣ˭ǻҸΪӯ´ܳ죬ָˡ

ҿ޵ֶڶģӯ仳Уһʹ޳ϻĺӣһҩŪҾ밡еǧټƵβУζиӣеȴɵػϣȻҪʲô

ѴͳӣҲᣬȵĦҵĲ̾˿Щίˡ

԰ҿίˡ
ұ涵ؿѣأһεʲôо

ЦЩΣ˵һоûô

̾˿ЩȷֿȻؼסҵ˫ȣȹϵƳƣŨûôͯ꣬һӾʹС˴ˣ֪Լᵱ̫ӣȢЩŮˣ֪ԼһҪӣȻ󰴲Ͱȥ仳к˿ԼڰΪ̫ҪһˣҪ˵ʲôоеģ޾ãΪøأҪΪŮʣԼǵУ޿Ҫеʱ򣬸ݳȺҲ˰ɡ

ҵͷĬĬ̾˿
Ⱦ󸸣ʶڣһֱ̩ɽԼİȫкѹȸУΪԼػֹ

ʲôأ
Цʡ

ɪء
ҲͷҡͷһЦ˵Ⱥȥʮˣʧˣ

ǰ
ѸʰԸȸȥѪ࣬Լ˱ˮ˿ڣָָԼͷǹĨζЦɪ뷨Ѱ˲һȥβ֣ԬĸȰɡ

ȻɱȽϵЦʣ̫أûȰ

Ȱ
ѽüһЦ˸Ÿ

˵ء
ùıӣȣҪȿˮ˭ֱ֪ɫȥ
̵ģб֪ٹ˼ͲߥѺлӷˣѹû߹

ҵ죬Цʲôʵ㣬길ּҪɪȥԽףɪ࿹ôϡΪ̫δһ֮ȻվɪʹףԹΪأ˭֪ɪ˸ѪͷԴ˽ӣ

ڼء
֪Һ䲻ԸһҪϸߵͳʵȰȰɪ

ϣסĲӣЦȥһ¹ۣҿɲΪȥѾͷ̫̱ˣһҪԼؿģ˵ˣҿɲұ֤ɹһʧˣԹҡ

ѱסҵĸЩصҵЦǳˣ޷˵ж

ģ
һЦСָסСָҡ

׷
ĴָصذҵĴָüһЦ



պٴ̤ȥ¹۵·

գڼҺԴڰǿ˹
Ѷָʮбţ⻹̫ҽԺԺй˰̥ҩǰǰҵСƷôͷˣټЩȣ˵ʱ򣬾˱Ѫ

뵽ˣҲҡͷЦЦסС
ӣͰģԼѡҪģܿóҶӵʱѰ׵Ļϲͽţδ˵

ˬͷ֮

Žɽ¿ȥеķβζ

ȸȥߵţȴʱ򣬽ŵֱĶǺЦԼԽԽȥˣһʮѾͷƬӡ

ԭΪλ߰ĹҶһŸȵӶ׼ˡ
ûǺģٲԸңǵ˳żɫںڵͷɢ󣬻˵ױŰ̴ľСȣ˯бſϣ´˷ң

ôˡ

Цǰȥϥһ񣺡밲ˡ

ɪɲֱ룬ĨЦϣѲԼˣаɣʲô˵ȰҼ޸лӷ硣

˵
ҡȣ°΢΢𣬡ؿ̨ŵɪ

Ŷ
ɪüһ£ӣǲϻ˵Ļѵ˵ˣ̫ӸѲɲ͵飿¹ʣ

˵һ㶼û
͵˿ĭԼ
䲻ϻ˵ġʱʲô˼ֺɡ

ԣô⡣
ɪ۵̴ľСȣ˫ۻסЦ

ȷ̫ү˵ǰС
ЦŹάٴϥȴʮӡ
ûǵȷǼ.ҵɫƽ⣬̰ĽȨƣ˵㣬.ͣǼ.Ůȡˣ׽·⣬ЦźͶԷ˵ллȻתȥһ㶼ˮ

㡢㡭
ɪˣСָңֻ˼˵ڡ

繫˵ġ˫졯˾ͳϣûʲôڵġ
ǰһƣָָԼԴŵڹǱǴģֻһͨĹ͢¡Լĵ±׼Լ淨ǾˮˮƾʲôЦأ

㻹װס
ɪҡͷЦ


һ㶣̫Ǹʲôʣغͻɡ
ԣ˹֪
ݸһЦֱƽδĿ࣬ƾʲôȰԼĹ

аɣϴ˵Ĳԣðˡ
ɪسҼһתҪ¹ߣû£Ȼȥˡ

Ȼˡ
Ҽ̨ףְסţסɪòŮЦǼ¡

⿪ڡ
ɪüš˸񣬺޵ǲܵƷģҿҲǸڲͬŮˣͶ˵䣬ȥ̫Ӹ磬Ҳվҵһ¡Ǽ޸лңû¿ܽκ췴⣬ɵһлӷбŮˣҺӦ㣻ڶлǾңƱΪȨݵģ̫ӸһʰлңҸԴ

һ㶣Ѿͷõ죬ְҲˡ

⣬ڻأһѺñòʧ

˿ڣ߬סȵǣЦһ˵⡣лӷһӯ䣬ûѾͷãʵҡŮлӷȷһΣһȺϲɷأ˭ûȥ˵˼ӷõŵ£˵־ͷ֣غӯӽΪֿѣҲԣ

ɪס׼ڷңڵĻᡣ

ڵڶ㣬ٹǱֵַĲ췴Ǹʺ֮ɥĲŹ֮Щû£ǲЩࡣ

ɣɡ
ɪͨ죬ýë΢΢ҷǳ⽨׸ĸ֮ý֮Ե˵Լǿȼ޸ϲˣҲˣҲ˷ֳŵȵӣҾھͦãһ˳ԳԺȺȿֵúܣ˵ˣͻصǸʱˡ

չ˼ʱ˾ûŵˣ
Ц

û
ɪ˫ȭ߬סҵʱƽȣڱƻһ˵

ҡͷЦЦ˼ֺͳʤǾ䡮ֺɡ
Խ˵Խ϶ðˣνƽȣϸ룬˵ǻʵ۵Ůĸҳͬվֳܷߵ͹شСƽɣ檾һ䣬ΪһǮСسһ磿ԣûаɡģ˾ŵȵģΪԼ£ܱͰۣϼѵ󻹵üӬӪ

֪Ѿѹɪˣһ⣬˵̫Ӹôǿ᲻ǰʮȰ㣬ֱõķӣˡлӷ棬⣬ٽһ⣬Ҳˡ

⡭
ɪԥˡ

ֻ࿴ѽ
üһЦ˵ʱӷһ飬˼һϲء

ҡ
ɪѿڶԼ˵ˣס
ͷüϸ˼ãֿãȻһЦ̫ӸֹŰ壬һҪҸз֮ˣ治ǸŮˣͦ˵ġаɣӣȥǸлүס

˿ڳˡ

и
ɪһСҡбңЦõҵģء


һסģģʲô

ǴƵۡ
ɪĿҵظϣͷҼıõģۣ϶

ԭǴ·ʲôôδ
Ϊ˲¶ӣæЦǹķԸضӡ

ǡ
ɪգۣЦΪʣҵðͷһ룬Ȼպ˵Ӹͷô


ҷˣôˡ
ȥģֻҪͷ̰̾ɣֺѾͷҵĺôࡣ
У
ҧأЦشӦˣʲôҵģֻ̡

Ǿô˵ˡ
ɪ˷֣ܵ˸ȤңҪ㣬ͲôˡҸ̽ƣڿ϶Ѿ˸С棬˵.ͣȥôʰ㡣






32.     Ӣ~ճǡ

31--

, ѵôСɣҰɪʯ˵ˣлһ, ô鷳

˵˵Ҳʵ

ҴЦ, ػ˼ҡ

ҺѾˡ

ҾŽ˵ɪ, лǰһ󲽣ټ, ѿ϶ġ

Ȳף, ˮû, Իϴ, żæŵȥ׼һӾƲ, о»Ƴ˿Ѽ۶زˣǴǰľջƣȽ, ƣۡ

ʱ˼ɫ޵ȹ, ˾ױ, ڴߵ, Сʱ, 

ȸʳ˵, ױ, ˼, ȣȥСԺȣԺߵԺ, СӶת˼Ȧǲ

ڼ䣬ӺȸȰң˵ҹˣֵأͲˣ̥δȣˡ

ҵͷЦŻݣﻹЩʧ䡣

һǣģҲ˼·ϣѾˣǡǸ˲סˣǣҰ.ͣ

˰ˡ

̾˿׼ϴ˭֪Ƽȸ˳ܽ˵ˡ

˲䣬ҵת磬æϵ֬ۡ

ͷŲԶѾߵϷſˣæӭȥ

ҵȴ˷Цû룬ϴŹɳĮ˫ֱ߽˭֪żʱͷ˵һſϣŭص˦ӣֱ߽ӣ˷ǰСԲϡ

ôˣ

æſŵĺƼɱĨӰʹɫָ´üͷ

һ⣬˼Ҫô˵˿ǷǣҪôҴС

㷲ȹ߽ȥЦŰ˱ջƣʣôˣǳ

бۿңЦôܺ棿


Ҹæϣǰ黢ֻǵƢãȴǵ
Сӣ˿õѼ⣬Ц³ǰ˲¹׶ˣͽιѼѼ̲ˡ

ѵƳѼ⣬ûж

ҳһţæ˿鶹װ򶨣ЦǳԶȼأɺÿ˻ˣҪ˵Ϣͬлӷ࿴ˡ

ôǻлˡ
Ӳ֣Ц޾û뵽ﾹ

˵⻰ѽϣͷҲصˣ˭ϳŵʱ򣬶ͷһײſط˴ŤͷŻ˵ĺȵްˡ

ǰŸߣžͽˣ֧ʹȥʰ̫үЬȶ

ô˰
ҿ˴򿪹ӣֱؽҵˤڵϣ̫ү¡һҼˣæߵǰϴʣǲˣָһ

ֱҡͷüԹү˵Ҳִ̫֪ˣô.ͣǾ֮𰡡

һӻˣɪ˵ˡ

æץסӣ涵ʣ󹫹ָ㣬ôأ

̾˿ҡͷ˦·ȱ˼һӰɡ

˵⻰ĸ뿪ˡ

ܿ죬ʣһˣй

Ҳصˣݺݵش˼Լ죺ǻʵۣðľ֮ⰡԽԽˣú˯˵ĻΪرģԽˡ

ȻӿɲõԤУһ̥ҩɣøϽϴȥ

뵽ˣҼæܳȥ

ԺĴӿɫԣæӭˤҪסңûңֻܽߡ

أ
ҽŵƵߣʡ

ųȥˡ
ǵǡ

ôţûõĶ
Ұ޹ĴϣʲôҲ˲ϣܣɫƼѵĽѾԶˡ

߰
ҹ˲Ĩᣬ˲棬æȥ׷˭֪ûȻӺĽ˳ˡ
ұŵüûվȣˤ˲䣬ҺȻ˻һԭѡ

Цؿңﾹ˵Ƥ

ѽ
Ŀڣһӿ޵ղסִؿڷйŻ˺ܺ𣿡

㿪Цϣ
§סңϷƵĴӺɰóǣҿ壺ˣСƵģϸЦ㡣

ߣ
ҶƵת

ҷ֣ۻˣЦǰظҹһǸȻ·Ը̫үͽҹҪĵ¶˻СԺ

仵ˣ
½ţ˵棬ָĶͷ

̽̽ҵ̶̳ȡ

Ǹѧġ
ЦͷδסңСԺߣЦǶֹŰôⲻҲʹһػ

ҿϣǰǹƵʱһɨ⣬ͷɵݣʣ½ҹʲôˣ

Ѹյұߣ˿ЦΡ

ȥġ
šӹһԣЦ֧ʹȥһջƣյˮԺдݽҩ



Һ˵˵ЦЦ߽ӣʱջҲˣҴƣվҪȣͱȥ˰ҵĶӣЦŸѼ

ŤͷʹСԶ죺Ɀ׾ȡ

С
Ѷ룬ҨЩιңүΣЩﶼϸֺãλﵹƢ󣬻öź򣬵ãſɡ

źĲãԺͲҪˡ
һںվͦظҡһΣǰܣ㿴ҶӴûû

£Ļб仯
ҡͷЦЦұס°ҶϣֺȻؿҵϣͷңس˿Ƕлˡ

С˼
Ҵһɪ˵ʲôۡͷɵָֽΪ㣬ҿɻȥˣ˭֪ɪôء

ڡ
һЦ
˱ջƣȸðϴָָʾȸ˵Ǳȥ
ſġ
ҵĴȣЦɪ˵ƢŹ֣ȴ˺ģվ͵СѾͷë˳ˣǾܸлӷ̸ˡţǧˣȥʲôżҩƭʵʵͬлӷ˵ýȥɪ㣬Ӧġ

Ϊʲôѽ
վ֮䣬˫ۻסĲӣЦʡ

ЦŷǳϻˣлӷǸԭˣ£ƭ

𣿡
ҹɻȴ˿׼

ҷ֣ı㡱ӣͦ˵ģҺϲҽЩǵİɣҼȻӦ£һŪƯƯġ˽ӷ磬㣬ʲôˣ

ǵε
ѡһ˵绰

ȥġ
ļʣԬأˣ


ָ棬üͷ΢΢𣬵Ʒɣ̫һ涼亦

⻰˷ӯ룬ԬΪұ磬һ㶼ãɺ÷ٽӴ˴ν֮Σһ֮ǿֿӮѿ˹Ȼ׼

£ʣǳأ


˫Σһסеͣһʮֻ̫ͻʧ飬ƣ׹ŮӶԹҲںƽ

Խѣŵʣǡɷ÷أ

ѽұĸЩܼɵЦ÷̰ǸΪĿĲֶ֮ˣ˵ãǸһֻҪ٣治ɫغȥؿͦԺ;ãֻ˵ˡ

ص̾˿һʮ˽÷奣һ涼ûƾ̽ϱôľֵ÷奣ʵ۵ϡ

ôˣ
ϣҵıЦ޿̱ɷˣ

ǵǣˡ
ҿϣ̾ǸпЩµﶼ׶ˣѵ⳯þûˣ

һ
ѴǹĨζЦ޵Ĳ֣ƾǸ˲õŮˡţԲ˵ɥʹɳúܿ죬ͳеչĸ׺֧ͥصľ̫ʷ˸УʷĻᣬ빬ĹĶǣʵĥӣǸˣض࣬Ϊ޵ұۡ

ҵóϣȷʵŮ˱Ҹɫ

ЩζѶŮ㿴ء

ֲԱ䣬һЦĦҵıСſİգοͿ϶ϲ.Ůġ

ͷļѣݸһЦСء

˵䣬ҺȻ˸С

ҸæסڣֱӣЦźݽŰɣ裬ٸȥβ衣

á
ҵ
崲ѵºЬӣϣҪصؽҰڴϣҵļ򣬰ˣҹ˯ʥּ

á
صͷ˯

뿪崲϶˵еǱߣѸȥЬ࣬һݽţһ߳ҹֻСӣ谴ؼãִϴҨ˵ˮĥɰЩʼġ

ڿװͰ͵صɹҸæۣװ˯ٴ͵ۿȥѾȫעˡ

شҹɫš

ӣշתࣻ
ȼӣƺϲ

ϣԶȥ

ſţҾͿʼ֪ʲôʱ˯ŵġ

ٴѾ綼ˡ

һʧ䣬ȥͷû£˭֪öӲŤͷһ߷Ŷӣ»ѹֽֽдŷǳƯпҾ֮磬ּ

СһϣȥСĳ԰ա

Цųֽ˿ڣͷȸ

ѽ
ȸŽš˸ֽŤͷϵĲиˣЦү˵Ѻʰ

š
һЦöӵݸȸȥѰӣ⶧ˣֻӤСӡ
ϸ˼Ƭ̣ŷȵЦԿֻ̡̼֣⡯ұߵĿ̡ƽ⡯

ӣ׺͵ף

ԸһãԺƽ⡣





33.  һ   Ů

32--ۺͻɴϣ

ȥڲػ÷奵ĺ, ٰ㲻ʣͷζģϻЩ, һ㶼Ųòζ, ÿռֻܳЩࡣ
У·Ө͸, ܳ˯кϲ֢״, ˵б仯, ܸϲƫĶ

ȸЦŹά, ˵Ů, ̥Ŀ϶к

Ϸʱҿ˰ĸŮо, ÷ȥΣǰ˺Щ̷檽澣վû, ˭˶ӣ˭ó, ˭Ǯࡣ

ǰǰЦ, ÷ѲлλҪ̳УǵһѶ, úܡ

, ҸĿ, ҹ˴Ҹ, Ϊ, ҶлλԼ̳С



ð緹Ҵãȥ¹ۡ

ضȸʹ, Ҵȣصþ֣Ҵ̶Ѩоȳ

㷲ɪ綼ڹſڵˡ
ǴýΣҺȹͷǰֻϽڣδͿ֬Ĩۣ¸С֬룬Ե鶯ұ

ɪһңǰǵסҵĸ첲ЦŽӺȸ˽ţѾͷü𣬰ܽܽȨܽͼݶλͷŰɡ

ӲģҴ粽롣
΢΢üҡҡͷб۳¸ǽʾ͵ͳɣײ

÷û
Цźѡ

š
ɪߣָԼϸͷͳˣöȼ̶»𣬶ˣô

ˡ
סСѣˣȲġ

˵ͬʱ´¹ۣͷʵ͹࣬һ̨ͤ¥󡢵԰Ʒĵɽ軨̫Ů
һǣЩ˴Ź죬Ӻȹ㶼ض̣¶ĸ첲ʹȣզǣȫû˵ıϥǳ໥̸ɪЦ֣С½㡱

ҼֱûҿⲻľƳô
˵룬ȴ΢ЦţȻж죬ֱǻһԴ

ɪ⻰˷ܵû뵽㾹Ȼܽܣ㣬̫ӸʮּҵЩо֪˶ֽҹأͲúеʿаˣأҲˣҷˡ

۹
άѵؽҼ£Һ÷綼ϼҷˣǵôϼɡ

㣬ȥҹҿ

ɪ֮࣬ʼҽ㡣

֪ԼݣûҴӦСۺڸźӣɫɵظɪߡ

νġҡӴͨ޵мǸķĶˮһľӣ״ĲƬһģ̫ſֽϻꡣ

Ҷ˶񣬸ɪĴιۡ

һӰ˸ߵľܣиָƥ񡢶С类в˽֯ɵ֯Լȡ

ϼ䡣
ɪЦŸҽܣţҴ˵ڶӡ

һǹ죬żʬļˣͷƺ޻ͷǶĳ롣

̨
ɪˡתҿЦǿá

ԭ
ҼװȻ򡯣ʵѹʲôá

ߣȥ¼ơ
ɪ˳ңȥ
΢ЦΪῴ˵Ķû룬ȴۼѡ

ǽϹŵģɪ˵ۣխ̿۾£ȹӺܳͬմòһģһ֪ܺܺõعŮ˵Σס
ұǽǼǳĳȹҵĿⱻһɴȹȥõúܼ򵥣ĨصĲùɴѳɵĻ׺ָͷСԲ飬ȹǼҩɴܳƴڵϡ

Ȼ
ɪվߣǵ§סҵļ磬ЦĸʱŮˣᱻɴס

ɴ
һ㶣ʶʣǼ£

û
ɪͷЦǶŮӽʱ򶼻ᴩְɫĻɴŴİʱ򴩷ɫģʾ¿ʼһ
˵ɪָšɴԱߵһѣЦɵװ֮ǰ̫Ӹһ£Դǵؾܾˣһ٣˵װ֮ƣԺˣ㣬˵ǲǺܹŰ壿

Цҡҡͷ罫һ֮Ҫ±ʣ

ѽѽһЩҾͷۣ˵ˡ
ɪͷشңҳһؾȥǿϣ첲ҵļϣžеңЦ㣬֮ǰ˵ˣȥлӷףͷ

վûܶ⡣

ǿջЦصͷȻһŲŤͷһƣŮ̧ȼ̿軹ˮˣ̿Ŵϸһյͨ죬Զܸо˵ȶȡ

Ǹ
ıŵӽңסˣסɪô̢Уݡ


ɪЦã⿪ҵķ٣ͨ˳ҵͷְҼͷƤЦǰͷŪ̵ϸƤ⣬㣬̫Ӹûꡣ

˵䣬ɪΧ˿鲼ӣǰ£Цͷ̫ˣҵüһ룬ǹŴ˵巢֮ĸôҼô

ң
һᣬؽҧ

ûͷ˳ºӣܸҰ˵ܻλôָͷҶգ۾
ţɪ϶лӷ׵ģ䣬ɪԺá

˵룬ԼĺڷѾͷǺ۵ģұסᣬɪպˮˮеʱɢ˵ġ˻˻

Խ۾ϣסػӺ;λ¡

ҵĲܵЩˮͷƤеȶȣżëŵζգһûס͵͵ۣȥҵͷѾ̳лȵľ˵ͦÿġ

˿ȣЦźɪģû뵽ա

һĶء
ɪù˽ҵͷֳɼƬСظ̣ЦʣɷǸˣ

ˡ
Ҳ²ɪӦҪһһһ˫ˣЦ뿪ǰѾСˡ

Ȼá
ɪƲƲ죺ǸʱʵһһƵģܵɵıų
ؿһۣѾûеˣųķʵĸʱС

ɪ̾˿ʵ綼ã̫ӸŮ˵ģϾţȫһѾ

ô˵
£Цʡ

̫Ǹ۸Сˣ֪ԼĲѽ治֪ǰľ仰ΪҲ֪ǰ˽ߥ鸸ʣȥԽףһոݱһʰҡ
ɪʼ磬˸ۣ˵Ҳ˺ù۵Ϲֻأˡ

ҡͷЦЦأ

ɪЦĵƯܻۣǣ˵£֣ʲģҸ˵ǿˡ

ұѾͷЦˣʣأ

̸ߣദ
ɪҵͷҷ߱˶使޵ĺɣǸȻһЦԲʵͦԵģ㣬Ǽͷ

ûϵ
ɪ֣ЦСʱҲһԣΪҵļãиĸֵܵİݣʲôû˵ʮԺұȳɳû˵ɣһֱʹ࣬쿴ԣҲػһʮ꣬޾طһء



ܶɪʱ˵ô仰
ûи磬϶ᱻˣ˵ĳЦͱ̴һһԴУʮڡ



ɪûҿ̺õͷ˵ǻۺٿ
˼ڶõĿʽ·ף濪棬·ʱ¶ȡ

ͦɧġ

ڰϵ̿۵ʱɪ̾˿ұǷװƣģأģôİشϸƤ׵ķ⣬ֱֳһⶼûУҪǴԽϺ̲°

Ҳ˵ʲô˼źŹ˲ɡ

վӵʱҿ˲һԼ

ԭٵͷ˾Ĳˣɢڼϣ
ȹϼխȹҵθӰ͹£
ϵױҲиı䣬ϸü촽ˡ

˲䣬Ҿеޡ
ϲװ磬ΪὫŮ˵סװ׵չʾˣңԡ

磬Һɪ̸
ɻӰҽϱլֹĶǡ

оƣҾÿԸһףϧˣֻܺˮ

أҿʼɪĲɵģ޾

ںҴۣɪ

֮ǰǼ׵Ļɴ봩ѿ






34.  Ķ   ˯ɣ

33--££

Ѳ, ҵûؼˡ

ɪҳţ̸, ѾͷҲ, ɫͷ˺ںĻ, ̿Ǻɫ飬, ĺÿ

ź, һ¸մӶɽ, ҡҷŷƵĹ, βִú쪵, ͬ˵ĵء

ƼҳˣӺȸæӭ
Ͼƽһδ, ·ʱȻ¶ҵЩ, һֱڳȹڡ

ԭС, ҵĴױ, ŵò, ͣסŲ, ŵصͷ, ͵͵ҵĽ, ˼֡

Ǿúÿ𣿡
Щţ¾

˴ʲô
ȸˣ, ҴϣЦҹӽأɲܲˡ

ݸ˵ͷƼԱŷŵƣ˫ȭ߬ס
ֵܣòô
Цʡ

ЩЩµġ

ҺɪһЦʵʵ˵С

Щ
ѿڶֱ£Եͷ󲻹ˣοѧŮأ

ʲô˼ɪɫúܲˣҪǰ硣

ûµûµġ
æסɪЦŽͣȷʵЩ¶Ǹͷ࣬ˣȥЪŰɣȸˡ

˵䣬ҷסȸĸ첲̨ףôǰͷŵơ
ʵûмܽŮ˴Ҳڴ˵ʲôûǸʵϵСӣҸǰԶ˵ʵͦĵġ

ҹе΢ЦɽС

أǰĴӺȻ̾˿УûҪΪֺõ£Լ

áŻЦŵͷ

Ƽ㣬϶Ҳ˵ġӽ˵˾䡣

֪ˡұ΢Цʵڶµûš

ѾҡУǡੲݡ

͵ͣ½Ųǰ׳ɵĴСӣƿڴѹˣθɣҴֲۣǸ㿴
֪ӴδңҺ÷ȥӯ䣬ſڣＥѣʱˣţ
һ֪սҵû뱻ң˭ﶼԹ
Ҹ֪ͷβΪ˹ѣ̬ٳʮ˻СŮƵա

ҡ
ʱҲԼ

˿ڣûаѲϣϵ£ݸȸЦôеѽ
ͦذͷش󲽳ߣȸ˵ЩĲʯӶ

Ͻӵʱ򣬴ǡøдǸ⣬΢΢ſҪ˵Щʲô

ɡ
΢ЦſӣƽЩҵ¸˲ˣʰһ£ȥѰȥǰ˰æҲġ
ڽӵ˲䣬Ҳﲻס£Ǻѹޣҵӯ˵ͷ죬˵ɩԣûұĽ

ӣѾɼ˰ô˵ҡ

ͷȥ
ɪһױѻûܿ޻ˡ

һ·㷲
ҳԲ׼ѻ᲻Ҳܲۺ̷ϲ˵š

ҵʱѾˡ

ȸ˵½綼ˣŷأ˸Ͻ½Ӱɡ

ԥգһǾðѻգ¶ˡ
׼ϵ̿ʱ˴ͷƿѣͷϴڣϴŽۣЦģɫ·𶼲

ô
Цʡ

£Ұѻˡ
ҵͷĿϷŵСаϡ

ʲôҿ
ϰ̽ץסҵĸ첲Ҵӽ
˼ԭתȦҵͷҡͷЦЦ۰ɣͷȼɪöΡ

ô
ҵĹǵʱɢһֲһȻ£Ť£չʾ
Щգ¾ЦǹӵģһӾͰͷ룬ƣŪ˸ѰԴѿ

ÿġ
߹ҰѷߵǶ˵ķɻȡ£ӻóһָ鷢ᣬҲ嵽ߣͷ´ңõ廨Ц
ѹȻҪ΢ЩŮ˴źÿɪѾͷŲ
˵䣬ѽ§סԺߣĦҵĸ첲ʣ䲻䣿

䡣
ůůģڴſڵĴӣĿԣͷûҿҡ
ʲôû˵Ҳ˵ʲôȡů߽Ϸ

ůѾں˾Ʋ˺ͲƷ
æҪȥϴ֣˭֪ѰСԲϣЦ˵ǹҡ

ȣ΢б㣬ܽµڵ¶ߣָͷͷЦſšֽ
߿ˮšЬϣû

ɪʲô
߹վǰҵȺͽűЦץҵ֣ϸظҲ

㡣
ҳ֣תС

˵ˡ
ЦŶѣﵹЩѣС׸ι

ԡ
Ťͷƿ֡

ʲô
ѽǿѳˡ

㡣
ϥᶥЩ

ֲɮܳϡ
üۺЦšҵ죬˭ָ֪ͷմ֬һЦң֬Ե

ҽѧ˸»
վǰַϣҰִļϣЦ˵ǸʱŮ衣

˼ġ
£ʣô

ʵɪȷʵҽ̹ʲôĻĵģҸˣҿһ
ˣߡ
˵䣬һС˭֪һ󲽣ȵҡ
ϡ
ЦһѣԲĽϣңػεұסͷţһֱסңһֲֵƣġұ۹ճ֫Ρ


Ҷૣǹ˼УҡҪ

оˡ
ҴһϥǶ

˰
صشҵΣͷ

˭ˡ
ͷüһЦҿʲôӦûС
δ˵꣬ͱסңһ·еڼ䣬׹˼Уûֱ̫ؽҷŵϣͷЦſңȵǽûҧҵۣ̿صҧ˿ҵǡ

ۡ
ҽ˾䡣

۾Ͷˡ
ѻЦ
ҽЬȥȻѱϡ

Ǿôһͷϣߵľ룬ŶԷ
ϴҵ֬ЩƣȴĶ

ſţһסԷʲô˵ôš

Ӳǵ֬ɪãϰ̫ˣ¿Ҳֻлӷܽİѣҿ϶ƯƯ

š
ҵĶͷؿңлӷ⼸ոѵɥسȥſڵסˣʮˣʵʵݣ㣬㲻ףٲԸŮϣȥɪһġ

һԸô죿
ָݵĲЩǡ

Ҫıˡ
ָҵıЦ˽ӷģҲӴ˽ɪ˵ڸǰóΣǾ½ˣ˵ܣٰĽһԸ

š
Цŵͷ֪Ҫʲô

һ죬Ҳˣ׼ô˯
Ȼߵʱɪװ׻ɴװ˾ֳ°»˯ѣЦ

Ҵѣȥòã

ɡ
ҵ

ǣҡ
̾˿ɻشϣˣ˯ɡ

ûӡ
ҡͷЦЦУǾʹɡ

Ҹ˵Ҫסס
ûһ£װǸ˵ôȥ任
ңڼ䣬Ǽ׵Ļɴ
ҿٵؽϵĺױĨȥžӣҶüĵ¶ο֬˵㣬ȻͿЩҰͷɪ̵ģͷɴϣס

˼Ż谵ĺ򣬿еԼԭױعңҲܺÿ
ûиһرļ£룬ɪǰϸӦģûоܾĬĬȫҪһμµԸɡ

ɴЩأЦȹӣڼ˳ȥ
˺ܶΣûװὫѴˣٴʲôһñȻá

ʵĲһ

ҿǸװӹϣѻĻۣվһߣҳˣʱסĨӵɫָֻܿյ

һδΪβ
ֻȻֱѺҼ˸񣬵£ﴫϢ˵ǲϲȥüأֵֿģ⡭
˵⻰ʱ򣬿һۣЦūˣʹ˻ȥ

ȵȡ
̧֣úȱжߵҸǰָḧǰͷɴε̾˿ǸȻһЦʵǡ

ûϵġ
æЦ¿ȥưɣҪˣǺ£ԺҲԴ

ޡ
ץסҵͷɴҪصش£εЦЦšȥ

ĽŲԶˣʧ
ʣһˣвиˡ
ϴε£װˣ˻šȥʵǶԺġ
Ҹæȹӣ첽׷˳ȥȸʹӼҳˣԵǵؽߣûǣ첽СԺӳģĺҹͼžСʲôûС

ұۣ΢ЦŵȻӺ潫ұסɵ˺ܾã

ʱȸǰסңҶߣ͵͵˵˾仰ˣ⻰ū˵ģϲǡ

ǹߵġ

ЦЦͷɴ˵˲ޣȻˣһҵͷɴˡ

ô£ﻹɳӡ
ҽĨȥᣬŤͷŴӣǿֳЦЦ˰

ҲǰοҵĻҲʵҹһһöҸĻ
ȸ׼һƲˣˣȻҴŻɴһߣڶϷװ

á
ҿװһЦԼ˱ƣһ
ԭʧ˷ִ磬Լݡ
پЩװƷЩʲôģرǰѣǺҹ⣬ˣΪͺҹӵһ

ֺ˱۾һգɴ¡

ˣˣ˯ɡ

ɴ£ڴϡ
˴˯棬ߵ¡ḧҩ廨ѧն˵Ļ

˯ɣ





35.  ̥   ص

34--·ͨ

˯ر̤ʵ

Ҳ֪û־, رںһ¡һˡһϢΪ֮ǰΪ˸ѪŬ㷲صȴ, ֪, ɻڴãϣ

ֻƣͬһ, ͷģһֱڵ, ֹֹס, Ѳ, , ֻһ¡һˡһϢҡ

ңȲ

Ȼ, ҷЩۣϴκҩ̥һо
һˣסС, æȸ߰ŵĲյ, Щ춯

ʱ, ҾȸҴҵĽŲ, ŵƽ, ʷôˣ

̫á
ػش
󼹱亹, ͷƤ, һ⺢ӵô졣

˱, ū
ȸͷЩңȻǸմ˯оѡ
Ųæƿӣҿ۵ûгѪ, ˿ҲȥϵĲᣬοңĪţֻǶ̥ū΢ĩǲãøϽôȥԺд

֪ܳˡ
ҲŲȸҴ£ص̫ҽ

ڵȵʱֿʼϹˡ
סسЦԼС˳УҵľҪҲ䡣
ͬʱҲʼԹѣɪ֮ǰ̫Ӱ̥
ҲףⶼΪ˸߼ҺԼǰҵģĻɴ֮裬ҲѰգԹˡ

ȸƼüͷţصҲԽˣߣ̾˿ͨ͸׵ˣôأ£Ժࡣ

Ҷ֪ܡ

ԼĪʱңͷ󼱴ҴҵĽŲӳּ𣺡ˣܲ߿ЩҪǳ£Ƕ𡣡

ûһ̫ҽԺԺоͱҩˡ
ϸѯ˼䣬Ÿ˼룬˸ӣôӸϽȥץҩ

Ժд˵޴󰭣ˣסԺ᷿ʱ˵ټûʲôģòѬи׼˷Ҫ뿪ЩĶԼͺӶãյðľĪҪˡ
תԺдЦ˼ӣ˵СӴҹҵ߿˻ǿأɷ˵ؽһ·񱼶ƨɹƶСñӳˡ

˿ƽͺá

ҩѾʱˡ

ȸ糷ȥһ˴Щıӣ˸ϽЪŰɣҪǲͽūūҹ

Σ綼û⣬סȸ֣һЦʣأ

ͷء
ȸŵķǰ򣬼ͽɱɱģֱЩĪҪһʶūѰͷȥʡˡ

ԭҲ̫жˡ
̾˿ȸֱѸֵܽн˵Ҳ˯ţ£ָЩˡ

ȸȥӡ
˸ͷָ嵽£ûãڼӱȸŸڵɰˡ
ͷЩ󱳱ʪϣϸߣ˫Щ죬һֱͷûҿңĬҨ࣬ȸʹ˸ɫ

ȸһۣӹ룬̣ӻͳӵţҶҨһСףˣιңЦ˽û÷һգС֪ˣء

ҳ˿ڣκﶼǿζʵڳԲ

ˡ
Цӵлȸ˸СԲʣʾǰ
Ȼ뵽˹ȥ
ţ˶ڵشȢ檣ϾҪˣҹǿջЦ͵͵رޡ
˶زУҹһˡ

ڻȸʹӡ

ֲصŬЦֵܣԲסˣǻ̱㡣


£̵ͨĨȥϵȺȻЦ˵ʲôѽҶˡ

ȥݰɡ
ҷĵȰʱǰ̵ġ

ӵͷĴָģЦս̫ΣգСǸ̰ģͲȥ

֪Ӳث֣Ͳȥݺκˣô˵׻ǲһڳ
Ҵȸù룬һһڵغȣ빼СӵĺģСʹɢҲʼҿǰǸʵĴСӣЦʣһֱӣʶôˣҶ֪ȫʲô

С····
ֱͦ壬ЦǸ¶ʮʱҼҴˣʮˣҼ˶ûīˮѰ˼ţ·»»ͬ͸ȡ˸֣˵Ǹ»˫
˵ƲƲ죬мһˣҾˡôŵķ⽮ôȥӴԽʹ¥˼㣬˵ʱ۵ɴˣҲֱˣֱ˵ӶǮǼֵܵ¥ЩӼ.ŮۣҪһȥͲӡ
ҵүϣֱҸطȥ缸ʵûˣӸˣȥ˵£ƤǹЩ̡ߣڲڳҾ˳ŶƿʲôģǸɱǮϡ

⻰һЦ
ӼЦˣԭ߬ŵȭͷչ˿

֪ǹⶺЦ

ĸɡ
£ЦͶһ֣ͨ·ͨףڸ»·ϣͨ衣

߶˼䣬һЦɴʢ˹ȻҼҴ˸ԺС˾͸죬ȡ»˫ȫСȫ

ʱֻ˵Цҵġ
Ķŵһ·նߵλȨΪҵºܶȫ



˻ҵҲöˣ˵ЩۣôӺȸϽȥϢ

˴ɴװ˽װһڹ

ĺŰɴ

ҵ˱ˮױ̨ǰžеԼϵ֬ȥԵô԰ףľģô

͵Լһ⣬ʹ˲ص⡣

˵Ժ£Ҫٺȡ

ѺҺˣͿˡ

ûҶѶˡ
ҲΪǼ߳ܵ£ǸŮˣʮˣڴһˣҪҲ뱻

ֻˣѣһˣὫĽңԸҳ谮ź賰Ц䣬ǣᴩװ

һԽĵߣôͻὫҵһȫջء

ݸǳЦʵҲһ

ھ¥μ棬ֱʮ¡
ҲߵϾһ˿ŵĻѻƭһŮˣ˵ŮѾһϯ֮ء

̶̵߸£ȡʵԵĽչ

һˣ˵ȡĻ᣻
ҽύɪʮ䡣

ָƽ̹СűĶƤĦźӣüϸ˼

ΪʲôѻһУ
ѵĶ⣿
á

ӡ
ĳһģ˽ԹǸбľǻضзΪĴΥݱƷĻôӹײĳ
ĶӾ͸˼ˣֱӶȡѵͷ۾Ρ

û´ҵĺкһͻᱻѱߡ

ôҽٵĸӷ롣

뵽ˣҺһϣֿʼ
䵽ʱʹ࣬Ī硭ھʹ

ԥֻƬ̣ЦЦˮһ
ҵȻҪѺ¿˼ıǲܱŵˣ鵽˸ǰ˵ɣϾΪ

ҪȥɪлӷýƯƯá

Ϊʲô
лбȨҺлҵĹϵһҺͺӶá




36.     ˺ͷλ˵ʲô

35--˵

С, ҲŲˣɴ˼ա

֮Уһζû, ӿɺ, ֻǴ򷢺ЩƷ̫ҽ, ſģڴϹлӷ, ǲ, Ǳ, ˡ

ķһûһ, Ͱѹ͹øˣɵô

⼸, ҲûţϸѰ˼ͷŵʵлѵĸ㶨лӷ硣

ɪٳ, ŮеǷӱ

лӷͲһˡ

˵, ٹڲ֮Ķ, Сͱܸĸֳ谮
ʵ˵, л˾, ٹر, 䳤лӵʮ, εԽ, ڱߣл˽ݴʷһݾȨлǶ, ¶һĴڣ
лӷòӢսͨƷкãΪ˻壬ύķܣǸ˫ĺöɣ

˵㣬ǹлҲδܿϣοл϶лӷĹĸԭϻʵ۵Ĺ֪ްţټϻʵۼɵлңȨ͸ϳ֮ġ

ʶ˴κ֮ңлϹۣ˭˭Ҳȡ

֪лӷн飬лӷҵһƬм˵͡

Ҵ£ⲽϸ˼֡

лӷǸĺˣ㲻ܺƭֻʾͬ顣

뵽ˣҽºͶǶȫѵվױ̨ϸشԼ⼸˲٣Щ࣬С·Ǽ˵⣬ɻƽ

һᣬϲ˸棬˼խļаȻȦһ࣬۵Ϳ˱һ֬޹

װúҾʹ˴Ӻȸˡ

ڼ˼գ˼֡

սңͰǸеȤδʷҼһ˾ջ˵Ƿ˲ʢ̫ƽ

ʱͷ

û¶棬ΪսɱΪ氲󸹱ӯ䣬䲻ڣĸ̫Ҳš

ȸ˵лӷԭס󸮵ģԴ䡰⡱˵˼ǷǻΪ˱ӣ󸮰˳ڸ˸ջÿȥ̽һӯͻȥˡ

ĺˡ
ûչӣѾ˸µˡ

һźǸģˤεûڸǰô죿
Ѳô죿ԼǸûĺӣôСء
ٻһ㣬Ѿڳжҵô졣

һ뵽ЩҾͼİצġ

ڴʱŵĴߵ³ڣҵˣлүˡ

ΣƿƣȻƼӿӢɣŸʳУϰ˴˫ϷĨɫۣ

ӷ硢ӷ硣
סĿڣ

лӷˣ¿ȦĿĳ
΢΢ס۾ǿĴӣǿңЦų

㣬ôѽ
лӷˬһЦվڳߣʳзڵ£ȭҼһɻʣ˵¾ͻزˣʱĳô

֣ϳм仰ͬ˵

лӷ粢δ룬ϳ

ȺæôӸϳ뿪С

֨ѽ֨ѽڳķ֣ͷУֲѡ

лӷͷߣСΧԵЩӵ

ҲŲЩżǸʳﴫӵζܣûסŻ˼

㣬ôˣ
лӷĵʡ
ǰ㣬ûĿƣ䵽ԡ͹𡱵СϣʱסĨɻɫû˼ʣȴĬĬؽƿʳнͷϳĴӡ

ǿסĸУЦʣôôɴ궼ô

á
лӷЦܳ˯ġǰجˣ˵μ˵ЦţȻССˣˣһޡ
лӷɿһЦʱһЦңԼУҲҲˡ

⻰ұͷһᣬ¡
÷奲ΣѱΣ
վʱʱ̹̿ҵˡ

㣬㡢ް
лӷˣæͳӣҵ˹С˾䣺⼸¡һֱڳô

š
ҵͷŶӣȻЦЦ˰

ӵĸǣ
лӷʣڰ֣ĪҪģǲ㣬ͲҪ˵ˡҺһϣúá

ôֹס
лӷһԭǺɩӵģʵƲ÷ƷоԼͬ˿ڣҽ㡣

ӷ磬֪߼ң
˿ʡ

š
лӷֱӣüϸ˼Ƭ̣ʮǰ׹֮ǣ˺ܶŴ壬ؼ꣬ǼһиءҲ꣬˵ҵﵱ̫үףûһ⣬պĸµĻʺء

ӷ硭
ҴлӷĻͷʵұ⣬ʮǰҽи

㡢㡢Ǹ
лӷʱסҵ漴¿ҵĶӣ˿ĭѹˡ޵ðĺӣǣ

š
ȻһЦûѵġ

лӷԴС
ҵĳҸ֮ӡ

лӷȻƿŤͷ³ۣȭͷ߬סѹ㣬Ϳ˰̫үºʺĺֺأλ̫ҲʲôƲ磬㲻ʷλᣬȻȥʮ꣬Ҳı䲻ʲôֺοԼվء

Цӷ磬˺ͷλ˵ʲôżҽҸ߼ҸϾɱĸв޷裬ײǽԾ䶾ɱļūϵѩ.飬ҷԸǣҪҵȥԽ̤볤˵ܸ£ܲǳ𲻱ˣҲҰ˵ܻˣðĽǸûӣȨƣֻ.Ƶĵѵ鸾ֵ


лӷͷص̾˿г𲻱Ⱳ׻ˡ㣬ʲôֻҪɱ޹ܼһæ

һϲ۶ʾԸлӷ磬Ȼá

Ȳ֮£ͬңذҵæ

ȷʵæ
ָӣҧ´Ұ˵ܣԡ

лӷɻ󣺡ÿһ˰ɣûˣ

۾һգȫȹϣﳼ֮Ůǵ»Ҽˡ
ҿ޵ֱͷԶԶۣҵܵܵȱˣ⼥Ц裬ҽֱĸǣµ¶ġ

ʲôġ
лӷȭͷ³ڣŵģҿɲ£İɽ㣬Ұ㰲ţֻҵ鷳ߣ˵ԽģֻҸǰҸ˵ء

ǡĶлˡ
ҷźҪлӷ¿ͷ


лӷæңЦ֮ͰˣЩѽãҵĺڳǱ˸¥֪Ƨҵ彫˵ܽǽúþ۾ۣĪ£Ѻ֪ҲҰ



ԼĪ˰ʱң͵˳Ǳġ֪¥

¥κ֮磬ʮֵĸţ㣬һ¥˶ŷʿ͸ӵȡ֣ҡͷԵ.ŮȻսԼ֡

¥䣬Ҫ۲ƣȷƧ

ҺлӷԶʣŰ˵Ӿվػҡ

ҴЯĺɰóױݺͷ٣ͬʱԻͷ۴ӣӳҵͷʾҰģһжڼƻС

ûǻڳϺлӷ˵ȸлӷ˵ľ¥ֺ¡

ҷܵ˼¼ѣ伫ŮиܣŴ࣬Ұ˵ͲӰſûʲô£ϲ߼δǰͰ˵̫ܲԸ˳Ϊһֻӻһ֡

˵оûС衣

ȸ뷨ӣСǿҰ˵ܳ˺ݵľ¥ض裬лӷǸ֮ˣһ֡

Ҫĺܼ򵥣żңлӷҲޣܽˡ

¥´һɧҽƿЩơ

߽еˣڻ΢룬䳤Щֻüӣͷʮ㣬Ŵ࣬ٹӽʹƲҲøδʺһӣҵ

Ŵƹİڹϵ˵Լ˸ѣҪСü

ڴʱӾ¥һȳһյ߽ݸˣò൱Ұ˵ܸԡ

ҵ˲俪ʼĶðˡ

˵ȻĒ˷ͷϴӣ֪¥ϵţǵʮͷҲ̧ˣһϲĴѰʧٶĽ㡣

͵ؿŴ࣬˲æҪ˳¥˭֪żӸסûˣظŴһѹۿ˼ҡ

ϣҵ˭أԭǸСүġ
ŴݸǳЦɰ˿ڲ裬ﾡǼСүǳīˣһ
䣬ֵĹǺȻЦӲʹˣ˼Ǹ̵ĽҪǵ¥ˡ

ľ֣֪˵ܻᱻ裬ҿ˾ķ·𱻲˵Ӱۣ֪ҵСֿʼۡ
һԵлӷƼҵæסң㣬ɫò԰ףû°ɡ

ҡҡͷƿлӷ磬ҧơ

Ұ˵ܱ䳰ЦҲûҷǿֳЦĴΨΨŵŵ񵽴˴ʸү͸ˣûүˡ

š
Ŵ°΢̧ؿҰ˵ܣм̫Ըˣǹѣּܲżֶ˸߼ˣص÷һѡ
˵ŴӺɰͳͭ壬žһϣЦ˵ֵּܲܲСүͰɡ

Ұ˵ܶ˶٣ǰϵǼöͭȥлˣ˭֪Ǳš

⣿
Ұ˵Цǫʣүô

ߣ
ŴüһķϣȣЬ⳯ص£㻹ûлأߡ

Ұ˵ݷƵĿʵʱͨ죬ӣⱻżҵūס޴ӣƵ˫ͨ죬ǹ˼ڣý㿴˱ϥǴŵӣײ˾䣺̫̫ʴȣҲйܴ֮裬ү̧֡

δ˵꣬Ȼһū䣬ǿ£ЩץͷصذڵϣŴͷл֪ôȳӣ




37.     ż

36--

޿, תҪ¥ȥ
ӺлӷͬʱסңȰǱײ˿ô, ˵ŴǼ, ûö¶ˡ

ϣлӷ翴, ˵㲻¶棬ݵ΢, ƱѹסżҶٵ, ȥ

лӷһ뿪, ȸͽˡ

ô
ָС, źӣʡ

ȸ첽߹, źҴ磬ְҼϣѹūǻΪ, ȥȡѣȥٰæǻ, ͷ׸, Ժ, ϲռ챦, ύ, Ŵ졣˵, ٺлүմ״ءΪ, ʵ˽¸̫ү£ʱүųĶūȥүּ, Ը£ʶ˷棬Ŵ嵽¥үּæˡ

Ǿͺá
˿סȸ֣ʣ˰ңµô

ȸһЦ½ū˷ˣūˣΪūӦְ𡣡



˵ʵϳӯ䣬˭ŵģȸ
ҵūͣԼ˽ģӯ䲻һҡŮһģָ֮ѡ

ܶӺ֪ܶˣȸȷǸҵġ

ԭҲǹټС㣬û빬Ϊū󱻹֮ʱǡɱ·Ѹˡ
ʺѿ΢.̣ŸĶ

ʱһأʵҲһ仰¡

ȸҵңġ

ΪֻͬҵտɵļңЦ˾䣺Ÿʫһ䣬ùǧ䣬ºʿ㻶գгһ˵ϻЩŮӽһɾӣǽգʳϵػȥ



¥ڨЦƣҲȰ˵ֻ̫СˣԺԲơ

ߵߣؽҧ¿
˵ܱǵūסϥ䣬ɶǣǵūס˵ܵͷڶŪˣͷʱɢ俪
˵ҲҷʮĴ˺ۣӸˣҵؼڣСϣš

ŴŶȣŤͷĻü촵ڣʮֵãתЦؿҰ˵ܣ̱Сʹ룬ͷĽ㣬˼ҵ̣͸Լݣһ쵽ôѰҲð𽵹ȥҿм˵͡

˵Ŵ౧ȭķ˸ᷳضҰ˵ܣ²أе¶й⼦ëƤС¡

ǡ
Ұ˵ȭͷ߬סӦС

ڴʱҿлӷѾ¥ŭǵسŴȥһץסŴڣ˴ķϳȥ

һʱ䣬»ȻЩֵĹӺǲԼͬغ˼

˭
ŴŭְסʹͷƤµĹڣŭŤͷҪˣһ۸лӷ磬ֻȥӽ¹ڣ´лӷ磬ҵ˭ô󵨣ԭСү

лӷŴ࣬Ұ˵ܣѯ˼䡣
ǰ˫ۻǰֱŴ࣬Цү¥ϳԲЪȻһ˵ĲӬˣҵ˭ôأԭżү

Ŵɫ䣬˫ָָлӷ棺㾹ҡ

ľ㣬
лӷ°΢𣬺үеĶˣæտֿ޶֪ĶֻӬڰүСԬ˵ףӬû˵Ȼһӣ˷ıһһǿ

⻰һЦ¼Ҳֻлӷҹáˡ

ʱȸǰһסҵĸ첲ڴЦǲ֪ūٰæʱ֪ԭ̫綼лүӣ˵ǷǵˣŽүóʣٹ˸үҩҩżҡ̫ү֪ȥżҽүӳǸ룬үʲôˣǰдʫϣ͸̫үû˸Ѫͷ

˿ֹлӷ䣬Ҳǰ

ݸǳЦ¥¿

Ŵ౻ӹҲסĴȦЦﲻݣлҲ첻ȰүŸɾЩ汾빬ĺö

쵽ôˡ
лӷ˰Ŵ࣬С䣬ʱͰŵСƵײضϵĲߵᣬһء

лӷ磬㡢㣬
ŴŭҰ˵ܣ޵ӷּܲոߵģʲô£㹷úӶ£

ôˡ
лӷͷҰ˵ܣĨ֮ͬɫû˵Ŵӣ˲ѪѲ

˭˲֪үҾͺø£Ϳ۸ʵˡ

ŴĨȥѪĨץֻлӷȥ

Ƽˣҵ˿ʶС

ʵҸõģлӷ練Ӧ죬ֽסɰ˳ǰмŴԴϣ˵һӦ飬ͷǲҶĭɫ֭ͷһһ

㣬㡭
Ŵ֪ԼˣͷæĴŵĹǹæκֻҪǳӵģ˭ҵٹлӷƷԵãܹݰĳݵĸԹ󣬸ƶİգԴֻǾĵؿ֣˰ӷĴָ
ҡҡ
Ŵû˰ŭǻ׹ݣ㾹ҡ

˭ǻ׹ݡ
лӷ˼Ŵ࣬׹ݾϰգү۸ˣбȥȥүҪһüͷģ

Ŵÿڲκˣָлӷ磺б͵ţҲŪ㣡

ã
лӷſ˫ۣԭתȦȻظλƼˣżү»ˣҪŪءҲѻлӷһͷ˿Ƥɥżµɱ֣λɽϢ֪Ҹ֣ҸֱضǧллңٶΪػսɳܣݲõӱ裬ҳ£ֶʾ̤ƽż

˻һ¥ʱȲʡ

ŴʹޣʵҷƾүӹǣҲˣű˵Դشˡ

ʲô
лӷĵط˸ۣȭЦŶ˵лĳˣλ˳Ծƣȫлĳϣ룡



ڱʱҾ˵лӷΪʧ䱻ͷ˵ʹϻΪ˱סĴιүն̨

ϻʵΪӷİ˳谮

Сѵõĺöɣйڵģ˭˲ϲװױɪҼܼ޸ð

ȻҿлӷסҰ˵ܵļ磬Ｘ䣬˵¥

ҽżˣֱʮ꣬Ҫ͵ܼܵˡ




38.  ƶ־   Цÿ

37--ƶ־

ҵúܿ, һʱ䲻֪Щʲô

˵ܺлӷ粻ͬҲ㲲
æӺɰó֬ۺӣȸ, ž˵, ɫǲָϽĨ˵֬

չ, Ҳ֪˵ùû

ɨʣȥ, ǵͷ, Щˡ

Ǹ
ҺȻæ, ֪ʰױ, ǷԸȸȥЩ²ˡ

ڴʱű˴ͷƿ

͵վֱ, ǰȥлӷӵŰ˵ܽˡ

ýܸ׵ؿܵܡ

, ЩŲϵۣͷӷ绹Щ, ȴƶѹ, ŷӷôͷ, űŪҵĺڷ£, , ʮ, ﾡǲɣС

ҿЦ, ҲЦȻ˭˵, ˡ

㡣


Ӧ

ȻСʱ
˵ۣĸ͸ĸ簮ߵ޷졣
ģΣ𣬸˵ʱ͵һСѾͷѾͷܵγѪ˼ҹ룬СүͨѾͷ˭֪СŤͲˣ
˵ʱ򣬴죬ӵץѩ˼ʱҰǸ͸˵С˵պҪѰᣬȴˡ

أˣһȳһյģЦЦЦЦţҾͿˡ

˵ܼ㣬ǰץסҵ֣ᷴؿңȷϣʣ㣿

ҴסֹԼ޳ͷ˵ˣդͷһסҵ֣һסģ˵

˵ӾͿˣϾܰˡ
˵ܺȻ£סҵ˫ȴޣӾҵزҶԲסǣ㣬ҶԲסǰ

ޣˣСʱ
ḧŰ˵ܵͷޣԼȴ޵û˵
ҶȥڵϣӸᣬȻǻŴ裬Ǹū˽ţ絶ϵĽӡ

ûµĽ㡣
˵ңҲ

ѿʹҲ֪ôˣҲ֪ڸ˭Ͼҷǵðӡûˣſڰ˵ܵļͷһֱޣؿޡ˵ظҵĸ첲ȰĪҪ˽㣬ⲻǼôУӰ
Կ޵ֹס˵лүأ㣬۱ү

͵ؼлӷ磬æĨᣬ£תлӷ˸ͷлүҽܣлˡ

㣬ʲôҵ𰡡
лӷæܹңຬᣬЦſҺͰ˵ܣǽܶ˻໰Ҫ˵ҾͲˣɷƼѣȥͬȼȥֻܷ˵¥Ұˣûǡ

һûüٶ˵лĻлӷˡ
۾˵ȥͷţȸĨᣬ˵ˣȥ㼸

ܿʣҺͰ˵ˣһЦ֣

ùû
һʱ䲻֪ôڣ˵Щʲôҵظ˵вˣЦˣҪٵȵȣȺٳԡ

˽㣬ڼʱԹˡ
˵ܰסҵ֣ɨʣСʣһҪ۲ưɡ
´ȦңĿ΢͹Сʣ㣬ʶлүôʲôģ㼸ʱĳ

㿴㣬һô⡣
Ц˾䣬ȴۼˣСҲǳη賤ģһ⣬ҪۼΡ
ûԼʵȫ˵ĦŰ˵֣ܵҵȷүǾʶģڣż˸Ҳ鷳ˡ


˵ܵͷЦЦЩڡ

ǰò׼ʧɢĽ㣬ý㿴ѿһ档

Ҵս˵ܣʣôż˾鷳У̫Ӽù㣬𣿡

š
˵ܵͷϱʮָӣƤ˼£ʮ꣬żһҶʮǮҶأһӶû

һ˵̣ʵڷӦ֪Щʲô


˵ص̾˿ң㻹͵һûб䡣
˵ĨȥᣬˣЦʣǰǲ鷻ң

æͷ

һԼˡ
˵ܰסҵ֣ʵʱԶ㣬ҲӦȥ︮̽Ľ㣬͵͵˵£Ľ˵ָۻˣˣˣ綼ˣʧʮ꣬綼ˡ˵Ҳǵ㣬ȥƽ۸ΪˣҵĴ̫̫ãǳţͷʲô˽

ӡ

˾䣬ҡͷ̾ǿĽ㣬ô绨ˣͷ檣Ķۡ

˵ɫȻ˴Ľ㻹ֶŮɱǹĸ޺ֺŸڳøʹӣʼʵĥĽ㣬Ҳ뿪ˣĸ֮ﲻŮأƴĽˡ
˵ܸԼ˱ƣһЦһС治øôȥҵļѧ˼飬ֿҸȢϱ˽͵͵ҽ̣ŲҪģҰѳ޿Щǡ԰ʱҾ룬˺£ֳܻԴûȴ˵塣

˰˵ⷬһƬȻǰʵˣس˿ĸ첲ԣ㳤ˡ

ǿɲ
˵ݸһЦ˿⣬ָҶˣϱǰӣҾƯŮ˵ҾˣŮҹãϣŮôÿ
˵֣˵ܺȻסͷ˵ĬĬؽ⣬˺üƣصؽƱϣ޵˵ȥʬ㰡ôÿѾͷڱȫǺѪǣһи㣬ĶЩɥĻ쵰˵и˲õĹ˰ˡ
˵£ץסҵ֣ʣ㣬Щ㵽ȥĶˣ굽׷˺£ǲš

ⲻǻô
Ҵϰ˵ܵĻʵﶼ֪˭ģûҪ˵ڡ
Ĩȥ˵ܵᣬЦȷʵˣҪЩȥ檣ķûˣͰҷɴӡƣҲУӻһغȽվЩŸҲĽǸ߼һǰһġ

ֻҪһӹ⻹پһҵЩûʲôģǹ̡
˵ܴԼϵۣŴֲڵ֣Цһʳһưª֡븻߼ֶ־⣬ҲɺƤż͸£ûҪƶЩӸɾ˯̤ʵֻСЩ󿼸״ԪҲܹҫô

ãá
˵֣ǰο
ʴ£µǴӴһ겻Ҳվˡӡڷûʲô˲ģԼӱʮӶʮѵһ
˰˵ܣ˵˻ҵĳ׷ˡ
ûҸλҲܿԼվֻʱ⡣

ҪͰ˵ܶ˵仰źȻƿȸˡ
ЦŸҺͰ˵ܸһ񣬵ˣɫˣǵûȥˣô˵ġ

Ǹ˶֣ȸ˵Щء

˼ǰѵĻüǵûȥ˵Ļġ

ԣûȥˡ
ȸóӣ˵ܣʵǽһģ쵽ˣŸҵֶѣٸ˳ˣЩӡ

˽㡣
˵ܰӸЦһҹ˻ɣҲ˵ѴͱǹˡҿӲ˶ûװ˴ؼȥúǳ˾У͵ˡ

һۡ
Ȼʲôû˵ɰ˵ӦƷʲôˣҡ

á
ȸץס˵֣ܵԸſһˣһˣлүġ

֪ˡ
˵Ħҵ֣ҲǣעӰ

á
ǿס᣺ÿˣῴġ

С
˵ܺᣬЦ»ؼˣСӸͷ



ٲᣬҪֱ

ضǽԺؼ棬һ÷˵Ц



˰˵ܣҺȸӾ¥ĺųȥˡ

ʱĺӿһס첲ڼžСЦʣأ

ȥǣˣ˵ֽǼǱóԣ˵·ʱҪء
ȸңЦЦÿū߸ˣδЦ㿪ĹԺҲҪ߸˵ģСӲŽ׳

ƫɡ
Ц˾䡣
Ѿͷ˵ûȷһس˵һա

ţǰͷСȻˣǰ

еŽۣ΢룬׵ϸߣܿĺӡŸ˵ĲգһĽ棬Ŵࡣ

лӷŸȳ˶¥үԼŮӰԭ㡣
Ŵ´ңüʣлӷʲôϵ

úܿ죬ͬ佻ãǼСӵģСһһؽңҺǹøϽߣĪҪϳ

ʲôû˵ͷǰߡ

үô
Ŵһץסҵĸ첲ȻɻףôЩ졣

ϴˡ
ѣͷֵ˼֡

㡢㡭
Ŵ͵ذθ˼֣Ǹ





39.     ˣ

38--

׻СӸϳˡ

Ī, ⡣
ƣѾȥʮ꣬һȷǸ

˵, о, ôڻο, ѵĵ鸾ͱ¨, Ҳ뷨Ӹ㴦, ٲûлӷء

˵ʲô
ɵ˼, ηֱŴ, ѧϵͷĶð˸, ·ߵúúõģʲô컯֮£ӣϷҸˣûĶ, ȥͦʬȥ

㡭
Ŵʱס¡

Ц
ǰ, ˵ֻ, ȥǲϲ˭, һ֡һ񶼲
ҳȴ, Ŵ, ץסȸ, ֱǰ, Ϸ֣ǾأʲôƦåУ֪๫˭ô, ֪ϱ˭ôı˶ռ

վס
Ŵſ˫ۣǰ
ûзұ˰۾룬ס˫ۣ´ңĿⱻ͹ĶסС죺ôˣ
תСüһЦؿңȳӳ¥үںͷС㣬ûôɵ£㣬ʲôʱصĳôкأܺøӷϴġ

֮ǰܵжŴ£Сӿƾ񣬿żӵ˸Щһ·ߵ˹ȥ̰ī飬żСٵȫˣУֻµ˺㡭

ĩд˾仰̰ſС޴ǣ

뵽ˣ˲䶯ɱģ뵽˵ܷ˵Ļﲻ˰ˣȫҵù

ٲÿҾͺˡ
ֲͼȥʲôȳӾ¥ģ֪˵ʲô

Ŵָºϸɺ˵Ѫ裬ңҲʼˣУ͵үϴˣڰ˵үϷ㣬ⲻУүڳôҲеţܽȥôţүȥ˸ãǷ˵˵

ʲôãҺ嵽żңɱŹ

üͷ壬ජŴƣ˰ΣȦһ죬ĿڣҼˣİܡ
ǰһץסŴСۣŶĦôˣ߽ϣ㶼ϲˡ

ŴĨ֮ɫЦϳ޵ѽ

ҰϵؽлסСװʹࣺʵڶԲסˣҷŻǴأҡʵۡ
˵Ҹȸʹ˸ɫ
ȸסңĵʣôˣǶ̥øϽѽ

ұŽңҪȥ
żҳ֪һˣ˴ҵõң˵ӷӣĽʷӯǱ˿ţܰ

Ҵȸ뿪С˭ֱ֪Ŵס

ѽ
Ŵ໵ЦȻӲ޵ӲҼżĴ򣬵ʹظҽΣ̫֪һرˡ

ܾﲻԾ
СӾſ񣬲ڶô䳶˼Ѳ֪Щʲô

ȥ˰ɡ
Ա΢Цͼ׻ҵֲ綼ôֲǷʲôҲɱҵˡ

ô
ŴЦҼҵ̴Хʧʮ꣬ǵȥĶˣǲǵ˵ѽ

һ⣬Ȼ

⻰ʲô˼
ֻסСʱʼסޣЦŰӲ˵ͻ֪࣬ūѲµĶ£Ҳķݶ

¡
ŴЦؿҡ

еȭͷ߬סЦʣūֽţû

ǡ
Ŵ˫ۻסȦܣе⡢ɱ⣺ƿ׶컹뷨ŪأҪ㣬ԹԹãǰͷӲˣ㵱ҽ㵽׻˵Ȼûж˵þк֮£ȥԽա

ǽϣ䡣
ʮҴδһʱӣڱźѪЦ˵㣬ҾһȥҸĸˣ±ǻãһ塣

ҡʱ򶼲ʮ꣬δ£δˣǺúݵġ

ūþò϶ǳˡ
Ŵ೯Ц񴩽ӣӹòɣس׼ʲôлӷʲôϵһ䣬㺢ӵĸ˭

˵ɱһ𣬾޷ͷˡ
Ҵδɱ޹

Х.ңңɱ
Ⱦָӯ䣬ȵҵĵߣɱ
½ƺСʦ¶ҵġŮɱ

̧ۣǰʮˣֶҺдѹҸ߼ˣƣɱ

װʹѥͲ͵͵ذףҧҧŴĿȥ֪ţץסҵӣذס
Уʵڲ˵Ķ֣һԵȸĻϰ·͵سŴĸ첲ȥߴ

ŴһƣûվȣˤҪǣذҲ˦˳ȥ
ҿץסȸͷѾͷͷǽȥ˵һ죬ȸͷʱͼѪιȥ

ȸ
ҹ˲ԼסСʹȵʲô˼޹

æʲôϾˡ
Ŵӣӵϼذף׼ȸҲǸҪģֱ

ҽŵҪУҾôҵˣ˺ƴơ

ڴʱҿӿڳǴӣ
һϲʱ˿ǽվվֱˣЩɢķ٣ŬŬ°ͣüһЦˣ㻹ף

Ŵ˳ҵĿȥߴʵĴӣȻЩη壬ִޱֵߣǸİˣ򶨵еҸǰذ׵ҵĸսЩүһô

С
Цŵͷ
Ŵһ߽СҲǸװģɻ󡱵سκȸؿҺŴ࣬װ£ͷŤȥŵǰߣ·Ŵ˲䣬ʹ˸С֣Ŵ࣬գ۵Ĺ򣬾ͶذףסĲӡ

ˣû°ɡ
üǵؿҡ

ûء
ЦסȸæӰȸѪĶͷϡ

ʱĺɫġ

Ҹʹ˸ɫӸã⡣
סŴĲӣżش

ʲô
ֱϵֱðɷŨʣǸأ

ŴʱѪɫӿֱֽڣ޷˵գۡ

ӽŵϣɿЩȵ˵

͡үһˡ
Ŵ˻ˣæӻͳ䣬ݸӣңˡ

˵ʵõúܡ
ӿǸ䣬ŴЦ˵˾䣺ү֪С˴ǰģֻ˵֣

һŴ˲ήˣδüڳΪٵĸ֣Ľ㣬ͱץסʳָˡ
һ飬ǸȥĶˡ
ץסŴָָʣ˵

ȥȥлӷˡ
ŴͷǺ׼ᣬҪȣ˭֪һȹȥʱÿڱѪֱ³

˭֪ڸҼҷˡ
ĴŴʡ

ûˡ
ŴֶΣæʵʵ˵ҾǺ͸ȳӼŮ˭뿴һۡ

áõúܡ
ӵͷ΢ЦȻסŴĲӣϷһšֻһ죬ŴĲӸšˡ

û˿Ҹǰ
ӳŴ˿ڣϣʬӵ˳
ܵҸǰǵؿңֲңشţʣС˷ȫˣˡŰɡ


æҡͷ£ҵллҺ𡣡

ǵøϽ뿪
Ӳκȸһ߳ߣһ߶ҵǸҲˣҳôÿնʧСȸȥȻʬףģһɸɾġ

ȵȡ
ץסӣҧ˼޹ŴӦãǸﲻаȥݣóҿš

⡢⡭
ɱŨЭС˶˵ġ
˵䣬ץסȸСƵĽȸͽԱ˼ͷ

Ȼ˶£ֱŴˣЩ˺üζûϳ
ڴʱ߹˵˾䡰ðˡһѽҺᱧͷŤһߣûҿңؽұί˺ͬһС˾ЩȰͻؼҡ

ˣһֻЩ

ʵҲǺµúܣһ۶ҿŴĿ
ȻһӿŤͷһƣ˵ȸӣӯӯؿҡ

ôˣ
æʡ

ˣūū¡

ûµġ
ҽȸסḧıͷҵؿڣʮʱο˲ɱģĪҪ¡պȥһеǡ

бۿŴ࣬޵úţ
˵˳𣬿Ҳˡ
ҽرסȸȫУ̰ϵůʵµģӦãǲʱδ

˵⻰ƿͷ죬ʱһˮֱϣ˵Ƶġ

֪ˣҲˣǵˮ˱ȥ˵˾䣺ĪҪޣһֱߡ



ҹɫʼСꡣ

ӽҺȸͻؼҺˮûȣ͸Ŵȥˡ
ҽڶ̥ȥ˸ֱҺȸˣңû¡

ȸᣬ˵Ѱ£֮»ͷһ⣬һ˴ҲҶ˵ɵƵĽҸǰ˵Ҫźҡ

ҲûƣȥС

¯ǰ𣬱𶯵Զ˸ԡ
ʵҲ㷲ҵúܣŴݸ߹Ȼʧ٣żҪѳƷңһӴµʱ򱻷֣ôãһ֪ôã

ҪҪȴŴӺȸ뿪ܱܷͷɡ

䣬ָ˵ˣѪ˲˳֭ˮ˽ȥ۵Ҫ
һûü˿ڣɨ־СŽЩҵˣˣӱ˸СԺ»ūȸѺȥ

һ㶣˰ء

ô֪ˡ






40.  ͽ   ˣ

39--ͽ

Ŀ, ӱ˸ȸҲһ٣СƤ, ϸƤܽס, ǱȥӦԣ˵ʲôðѾͷסˡ

뵽, Ҫȸȥ㡣

˭֪ڴʱͷŻ, , Ӧѵĸ, ˸ϥ, һһץסȸĸ첲ϣȸŵɫ԰, ֲҸ³ӯӯŤͷңȡ

Ʋ԰

Ī, ˺ˣﻹ, ԼĺӶɱ

Ҹæͳ, մЩˮ, Բ˰, ֽͷĨ˳, ߳
ʱСԺѾ˵, æҵɨϴ, ϷķΣŰ׻Ƥְĸȼ̿, ׼Ӽݡ

Ъʯ屻ϴøɾһµգ紵°ŵĽմУֻʣҡͷβ

ȸ̨£ͷɪɪ
ڴʱҿСԺͷ½߽ЩţŸ˼žһӵϡ

ҵ˿Ǵӡ
ǱſڵϣͷңкüϣǺͱ¶ѪˣǰòѱӴ˸ϡãѪࡣ
ѾʧȥʶĴӺȻˣ̧ͷҿĿɫӣҪ˵ʲôε̾˿˱ʯϡ

˹ڽţͻ£ټŲѪζſڣѹˮϷô£ǴŴʬʱץסˣ

뵽ҾͿŸϯˣϯͷ¶մˮĺڷڵС·Լ䣬ҿϯŻҰ׵۾ŭţĿ

Ŵ࣡

ҽһͷΣѰʬǼ˼ҵôʬûнżңҲûнãѲҪѹȥ

һ󼱴ٵĽŲ̧ȥѼ˽δɣͷϴڣϹż멣Ȼô߹ֻɷ󵭵Ƴһۣû˵ֱķȥȥ



Ҷ˶ЦǰͬίСŮƵģһ񣬸Ҫ˵Ϳĺ·ĪҪڣʱ˵

һù˳

ʱ˶ϱȲ裬󣬹ݵ
˿ڣʹ˸ɫиǰǲϯƿŴʬ׹һȦֱͦͦϯϡ

ؽҧۣͷȫ࣬ȻǱֽ˸˳
֪ԼڶСҲڷۣ͵͵ؿѣɣҲңĿԣʾˣĵĻҪ˵˭֪Ŀ䣬Ҿŵò˵ˡ

˿ڲ裬̨µȸȸ

ȸһڵϣūڡ

Խˡ
Ѵó򿪣һ֧ȸǰ˫ΣһУôŴ˼£

ȸɸūūˣǸ첲֡ϡ

ߣ
ص·֣ȵźˣɲǽˣѽ̡

ˣ
һ⣬ѾҲǷˣǸˡ
ҿߵȸǰһӱץסȸķ٣ֱˣ泯죬һǿȸ֣ƽָͷϸݺݵشȥ

Ʒ䵽ž.ž
ʱȸľͺˣתͳѪۡѾͷҳޣҲģҧס´ߺܿѪ

Ҽʺ񣬱ǵʱҳԲѷ.ͣҲһЦδ

£
ǰһأⶼ檵⣬ȸ¡

ɨһۣûͣ
ţŵʹ˸ɫ⣬ͰˮǰһڴͷϣͬʱһֶðĲ󿪴ӵĿڣȫȥ

һһȽ棬˲䱻ѣֱԣǴϵıˣƺüͷǿסûۡ

øĵˡ
ۿŴӣòĨĭЦʣŴ˭ɱģ

ǡСˡ
ػء

á
б۳һۣݸʣ˭ָʹɱģ

ָʹ
˫ȭ߬ס£ûҡ

øӲͷ
ЦڰϻƤ˵˸֣򡣡

䣬һԵǰŲ˿ëӣݺݵشȥӱڣû£ĲѾȫӾȥӵʱͳ.ˣǱӱޱ޵⣬Ѫģ

ޣȴŵÿ޲
۲̣ѵֶακй֮޲ûٳĬվֱѣ£²ء

졣
غȶң멹Щ̨ףڴǰӸµűðˣʣΪɱˣ

ؿһۣŤͷŴʬ˿ѪĭҧгżȻ˿ڽǣɱˡ

á
Ѻ𰸡

һ ʲô˼ѲôӿһУҶ
ԥˡ
ṵ̂ʮǰײǽԾͷûˣǳĬ¾˽ڴˡ

Ȼҿҧǰмбۿҵ廨ЬС˾ƺ޹أĪҪŷˡ

ȻһЦͨһ£ͷֱѣˣɱģʹӡȸϵûУ°ҽżұǡ
˵⻰ֻûƮƮģҿӵʱסңֱԼȣҺ˺ͿˣС˼һûûˣοԼѾ˺ôһĪҪɵ

ҳЦЦ¼磬ͷЦ
ڶģںǵ΢֡

ѷ·綼֪һô˵ݸǳЦӸµؿңʣʲôš

Գޡ

˰أЩ
檴ӷɪԱ£ٹ

ĺܺá
תŴĴָϴıָһЦ΢£ǰżϺŵСζ
㲻ô˽ģΪлӷǰʾԣΪȸ٣ŴԼ֪¥лӷżңлպżҶԿ֮

ҵĳˡ
ƣܶϤ˵ģȫӲۡ

˰
סҵ°ֱͣ
ƼлӷŴִ˲٣Ŵ౩УżⲻлӷͷϣƱҪлҶʣߵʱβöϣ
ҡҵ°ֱͣƽ˼̡֣ܲ
Ĵ˰ûи˵޴ܷϺΪҪżҵˣ

Ҵδѣʱұŵ޶ҿޡ

ģҺ÷˺໥˴Ҷûô¹
ѲҡңƢ˵ʵӣĺܿ¡

лӷ˵ܳͷѾ˰
Ѻأҵľߣܿɫͫʣ΢΢Ľë
¥߻ӣΪû˿ģ˳˵ܲȥ㳶żһŹ㣿񼸺õĳӶЭǨ˼ҪսʵȫسżҴͷţڷԴţ

ǣˡ
ĬĬᣬЦˣûŪŴ࣬˭ڰңҵģ

Цɿҵ°ͣվֱӡ

ֶұ裬ʵ
һȥˣ

ѳس˿ҡҡͷ˼֣㲻˽¶̣ɷ

ޣ
ҳѵѥ˿ڣվ綼֪żҶǸ߼ʲôǲܲʲɷʲôǱŴԼƲҺͰ˵˵ĶʮˣҹҹʹУ˶ңֻԶɣҸѣ˾ɱģҾڣһһأվ֡

סؿңûûû𣬿۱ñ˵Ĵӣ䲻˵˾䣺ˣµΪֹˡ

С
࿴۴ӣͷ𣺡ҲʲôöҲ޳ܵ޹˸Ҷ

Ѿ˺ܴһˡ
˫ֱضҡ

ʱСǰûҴңЩö½ţȰңˣαѰ·أѾ󲻾ˣĪҪ

һۺȥ˿ͷ졣

Ҫżһ뽻ȥһˡ
üô

⻰ҵͷΡ
Ȼң֣յǵָ㲻ʲô

ˡ
ұۣ˿ͷָƽ̹Сӯӯؿ󣺡ϧܲܵ檽

û˵תķȥĬĬ£ƣ۵ط̫Ѩ̾˿ʹ˸ɫ
⣬ҡͷ̾˿ӻȡСƿӻֶ֣˹ˮӴƿﵹҩˣˮУӽˣҶ˹

ֿʼˣ䣬εںҩһС

ҵĽ֣
һЦûᣬֻƣ
ô
е㣬ʵʵشݣڲأ÷ߣ˵ңʱʱܵҲɥ
Ұ˸ˡһлŮ˸ӣ˳ˣҲˡ

˵ԭзġ

ԭ
ʲô˼ϧε˼վû

ҿƴҪֹȴס
һѪȸޣұȡ

õúܣѣҲˡ

ҿ޵ûĲֻܶ˹ҩȡ

ҿѣŤͷҡ

ȻһЦ檾Ҫˣܲܰ£

˵
ѵĮ

Ľ㡢˵Լӣ°檿Щܷ֡

á
ѴӦˣʣأ

һЦӦĺÿ죬һ鶼ʩˡ
СС
һϸϸ룺ͷ檸÷奼˷飬ҵģҲ֪յûǲȥˣ°檴պڱͽϣʵڲԸˡ

ã
ѱۣץס֣ҧʣأ

ҲģƴһΣܲܰԼס£ճյؿ¾æҲҪϧԼӣʮͷˣ˰׷

ѿЦ£վʲôû˵˶٣ͷ޴Ӧ㣬úñء

ҳ׾ˡ
⣬ذߵ˾·

Ҷҩһÿࡣ
ԲӣĴԸ±Ͷ˼ңسɳ
ͷñԼϣͬˮһ£գҼǰץס룬˵Լ£ӯˣ͡ʧˣȥҰɡ

ĵģ⺢ӡ

ұۣǼп¡
ҵ˰ΣκηӦۣسǰվŵĺȥ΢ЦСƿﵹҩ۶գȥ

סѡ
Ѵʱȫû˷ŵľ飬һЦǰᣬЦ޷װ񣿡


ҳˣʺҩǡ

ط˵Ļ̥ҩ
ЦŸҼһ·ŸЦء

ЦⲢЦ

ڼȽŵʱ򣬻﷢ɣжĸС
Ҳ̲ס´ڵ£̱ڵϣŲʱѶ࣬صҵĺ󱳣еۣḧµЩ

ѽ㡣
εһЦ޵ûӣͷ䣬ݰɡ

﷢ֱ࣬Ҫѿ൨³ˡ
ʲôԭˣ
ҿ޵ֹסСèƵؿϣߡ߲

ã㡣
˵䣬´멣ҹסһѽҺᱧ
£ͷؿڣ̴ٵغͼƽ
ߵӸǰͷűѪģĴӣʣô

ţ
ҧƴá

СӵҲģ¸ɾ䣬ҲݣǸ˲š
ѴĨЦú󣬹ȥҴˣȥһָʹ


Ӳ죬ŵϴ

ʱһԵĺǰ´ӵͷƸ㣬л

ˣΪСˡ
Цȥˣ˳ȸһ֡

˵⻰ͱһϷˡ

ҳճյؿӢӣĿ⣬ۺʱЦĴ

ˡ

ˣ̫ˡ
ҿϣķһ롣

֪Һʹӵסˡ





41.     

40--

Һȥӵ, ûбˣ
Ҳ뿴ȸ˫ˣʮָİöۣ

ͬ, Һ, ׻ôŴʬףô˽¡

ĺܶ, һֶʣֻͬһֻèƵ, ڻ, Ϸ

ů, 綼˷ú, ܵ

ҵ߬ȭͷͼĵůָ, ȴȫǺ
͵͵ѣɫ糣ͷ, ϸ񣬴־ҹ, ۵Щ, ɲ, µʱ, ֪ƣ롣

, Ļ, ֪ô˵
ϴҴ˻ɴ, ȴܾװĶӺ, ԭ˺װʲôû֮ǰǰã˭֪ͷ˽¡

ˡ

ҵúܣʹԲߣҸίؿôø֤ûŴӦãԹֶ̫ݣѴӴǰ鸾·ƪźҹݽšĦȻ˯

ĪҸоʡ

ڴʱѽطˡ
ڽŴص˲䣬ҷԼֽɷûվȣϣ˳ƻסңұܵ˼

ҿҲңסˡ


ݸǳЦ֣

һһ
Ҿ䵱һϸ鸾Цǲµ

֪ڵĴӰպĹϵĲ֪ô˵ô
Ȼӯ䡣
÷ʧ䣬޸˳ϻǶ񶾵СӰٰĥ෽ȡټԬ棬˳ͬϻ롣

Ǻû½ӴˣֻҳĶڼҵʱѾͷŵöڹ

ҵøԼȡʱƽͬʱҲҪȻزѵ

ҴҴ˸
̧ۿȻѸٵͷرĿ⣬˵˾䣺Բ𡣡
ǸܵǰһڽϷʱڰУѵǵغôˣûֱӣø첲ײ춯

һһ¹񣬽ĺӡȫȻ˽ȥѹŹס
ʱܹˣѹӴ򿪣Ҫҡ
ƿ֣ѹºϣץסͷק˺ܾãûק

㡢ʲô

ҰԼߣҾ⣬ЩӵĺίƶСĹҾû˺ңܺڣû˿ڿޡ


žһڹϣص̾˿δú˵

ûжҲûг

ĲԸң
ѵͽȻ䣺

ұŵһ⣬һ˹ӣƵ

ô
ѿЦ֣·Ħӣã̾˿ЩϢģԻᴦãȹЩӣ㡣

ĽŲнԶţعš

һӾͰˡ

˿˫ۻסϥ˻ԼĪѾСԺԶˣžԼܳˡ

ǣֲȥ

ҾͦõģְֺƽĵһС

վҵĽǶȣҲгǼ£
վѵĽǶȣҵȷЩѳݶΥһϸ鸾ԣǿ䣬һ𴩼£ӣûƽϣҿƶɱ޵ܣлӷ˽

˵ûպξϣ

һЦ˵ҿЦ

Цôá
װ׵ؿѴӴ˸û´ȷѴӽȥ˼ϾӴǰ죬û׼ŴйڣʧɱҲ˵׼

ҡ
ҾãҲɱˡ

ѣҲԼиֵ鷳

Ӧװҩһжһ̥ҩ˵Ƿҵһ֮䡣

뵽ˣһ
ɵ˵ĹȻûҪƴľ΢һ֣Ϊ֣ұס


ָСЦ˾䣺Сӣ󣡡

Ұ¶ˣ»ؿɲһˣԣڰѺǰҲκζˡ

ͨЩƿţ˳ȥڴױ̨ҵӣţЩҩ

ȥȸʹӡ

Ҷƿƿ޹ޣ˷ţ˭֪ǰ֮һ
Ѿûߣ
Ϲź멣ֱͦͦķϣĿСִǰҳˣæ˰ѡ

ţ
ѱѣŤͷҿδվЦſңйӳ磬óˣ

ҵͷû
ֻˣңһʱǰֶҶɱġ

Ҳ˵̾˿ӻ֣úȥȸʹӡ
ȺߺеǰְҼϣյҸǰЦԲޣô޾ãǷƵģ治˵

ҽҧס´һԡ

ˡ
תȥ̨ףȻͣ£ͷңЦ˵޿

Һ޺޵صһۣ̳ȸסƫȥ

ϵģҵײȥƴӣܿȸ
Ҽߵȸķſڣ˷ȸĲ˼ȥվſڣԥš

紵öҴĺڷĽŲѵģھһ֮ʱͣˡ

û˵̧ͷơ
ȸʱѾ˼аڴϣϸźӣѾͷ۾޵ң˫־綼ҩʵأѪ͸ɴ˳ŴĿġ
Сʣڴߣѷ嵽󣬴֣Сظȸɴﾡۣ˾䣺ѾͷԽˣﶼ׽ˣүǸˣ̷ˣ֪㾹һŷɱˣǽһеүܷܲŹ㣬˫ֶöඡ

ȸίֱޣ죺Ҿ۷ˣϣЩ

ȸֱ̧֣ظŮᣬжתҺѣæЦﲻɾĪҪˣһūء

ûͷҪȥ˭֪Żδ̤ż첲ͱץסǰ̴ߣҳϷȥ

˦֣ͷԺм䡣

ǲЩأ
ǰԱŷȣЦȷҪôһֱޣ

ֻǵᣬץס½Ǵָ֪꣬ͷϵĵڣָͷڿ˱Ѫ

ôˣ
ѵǵǰҵ֣µĵ΢֮ƣüʲôʱƵģ

֮ǰ
˵

ôô⡣
ѴĴָҿѪ˾䡣

Ϊ¡
ʵʵ˵̧ͷֱ̫ˡ

ϣС˵ˣ޸㿪˸СЦ
ҵͷ

֪Ѿټƽˣͬͺˡ

ң
˼

Ҽʱˣ
ѿЦá

ǻµʱصشҵı
Һݺݵ֪㡢㲻ãǣӦãԣ֮Ҵˣ

ⲻµЩô
ǰϥңŤͷЦɡ

˵ġ
ҧݣ

Ϸԡ
üһЦ

á
Һأ
ҵûңȻһ½ţݺݵشƨ.ɣЩ죬⾲ҹʵЩͻأ

㡢㡭
Ȼû뵽ҾȻǶʶվֱӣƵҿָۣҵĶͷԺˣׯء

һЦһ ƣǵ.ӻҪƷʱ򣬼ʱׯع
ڴʱҶӷ˲䣬ˣЦңʲôѽҶأ۸

úúá
һЦסңСȥ˰ɣߣ³ҹ

Ҳͷˣ



ұȥСָͷˣټʵڲûմˮϴˣͷڻƤϣæ
˵ô¡
¯˲ѵۣľ㣬ڰϣõˣʳۣͷֱֿƣЩСϣȹȺ󣬰Ѹĵõװ̷Žȥ

ţɰﵹЩͣȺ󣬰ͷŽȥ壬ȱƺ󣬼ˮͺ桢轡϶ȣ˹

֪ʺʵǸֶҲݣҲܶл롣
Ҹ֪Ҷɱĵġ
ɿֻˡ

޲óԼ⡣

أ÷奡
Ҹʮ꣬δˣΪԶҳ
ѸˣǾ̫֮ϸŸŻŪģֻñǣϲһڲãˡ

ţұͷˡ

ڴʱҿѽõ˳󣬸Ҩͷ
õԽƵҸǰЦȰգůůӣϾͱԷˣĻʳ

š
ҴӦţ˿ڣϵĺúȡ
Բ𡣡
ҵͷٴεǸ˺ܾãðˣҡҸ鷳

ЦЦû֮ǰǰ㣬סҵ°ͣͱ˵ʡ
˿㣬޵ճ˵֭ιҳԺ˼ڣЦ㼸⡣

š
Σ

š
ҵļЦ㱻żץס˭ܰ


סϸ㡣
ҵң˵ݷĽСͣ˵иʷ򣬵ǸϳصģΪԼ壬Լҡ
ҵĶң÷Ƿ⽮ԬŹǣڽ´󹦣һʱԬ湦ոʧأֶ˵ãݺ绽ꣻһӷѡŹϵɾһָϡ

ȥ£˺ܶˣƣһ̣˹
Ԭֵ˲ãҲûԶˮⲻ˽ʣ˲ң
ӷǸģȴϼ޻ң

ȥһ֦һżץסɡ

ûܰҡ
ҧ˵ʵ

һҪ˼УԼյء
Ħҵĸ첲Ǹˣ֪ʱѣĻ㣬Ҳδܱס㣬ԣҪԼ·

ʱ£žһɣĺ

֪
ӸҲᣬЦû£ɱɱˣȥˣҲҪٷᣬ㣬úô

š
æͷû뵽»֡

ЦЦ޵ĸߵ磬΢Ҹǰɹףĸܿ
ԼҨ̾˿ĸĹҲǳ˭֪¶Сʱ֤ݶָ޵ĸףĸݲģһҪôûãմ˱ƣΪȫʼ棬ֻ˵òС

ѡ
ָ֣涵ؿû뵽ĸ׾˾ӿ϶ѹ

á
ѷסҵ֣üһЦĸϲĸףڼڣҲġǸТ˳֪ĸӲãͱŷӸˣһ꣬װһ꣬װҲˣĸҲʼƫޣ̶Ӱ˸ʵľϣڷ̫ӺͽʱʾΪ޵˼ô

ţ
Һͷ
ˣķˣ̫ɱĸ֮𰡣һյءТ˼Ŀֿɾ˵ģǳλģֱȻǿһӡ


ص̾˿ϣסĲӣͷĿڣԲ鷳ˣŴô찡ˣżܾʹ˰ݣ

ҵͷЦ¹ˣء




42.     ᣬ֮Ҳ

41--

ͷļͷ, ĺָᷢȥ, , ⶫ˵ı־

ǰҴгĵһ, Ƕմ۵Ͱѩڶ, ǶХſ, ſ, , Ŷġ

ʲôأ
Ѹҵĺ

ĺ
ָĲ, ֳצ״ָץӢ, ЦҺȻСʱʱƽӹ, Ŀڳ, ڼʱҾ밡, ϶, תתʮȥ, ڵ㡢㡭

ѵͷ, °͵, ݺЦʣ˵޵Ļ޿ɵ÷, ˵ôˡ

ڵ㡭
ЦŴǰҧסĺᣬ㣬Ҿ׷ҧؿڣڰ޲ҧ㣬ѪȹˣĻ̵ġ

ûĵĶ
סҵ죬š£Ц治︡߯ݶˣӡ
˵⻰ѴϰضҿڱߣЦˣ꣬۾ȥ˯

š
æ˿ڣ˭֪ʵЩʡ
ô£ŵȻ£׻̫ӦһڶԲ£ֲӣ˼Ҿ֮³ˣݴ˭еġ
뵽ˣź˿ڣǳԲ¡
ǣװܣŻ˼ڣŤͷƿ룬üͱӣУ̫ˣžͷŻܲܲˡ

װ
קҵ죬Ū񱧳.СƵıңǿιЦ㲻ڵģַ񣬿ȣǻ˯

аɣٺȼڡ
Эˡ

룡
ѡǿӲرȡ

ҡ¡ˣҲּίرӹȻů࣬Ҳ˲٣أұͷᣬϣôоǰСǰСĽȻûˣĵ֪ڱţ޼ɵˡ

Ұ飬ּظߣ˵ģҾôǰԼܵĺӣϵҰ۸ˣҲҰȥ÷ˣҽذ⡢£ӵˣӲͷƤģҶԱ˵һءû˸˵⻰ҸоԼСŮˣ˱ĸоá

ҲƺÿЩص̾˿ұøˣʣ޽ǸЦЩˣǲǰˣ


һЦؿڵĺڷӲˣǵýѵѵ
̧ۿЦգӺЩˣʹлӷȥɪ࿴ɲ


ѱҡЦݱƵ尮޼ס˽һߣȶģʿʾɨݣ޾ϲĻԬСӣǵȥǻСʧɱˣնӯıܣ˳飬޸ǰһֻ۱һֻۣһ棬û뵽ǻ첻ߵ溷ޱȣǰնκµһͽѲвֱ׷ĮشκѾһСԬͷŵսսŵöսơ

ѽ
Ҵϲֱӡ

š
ݸϲڣĦҵıЦǱҲкϢ£˶ƴգϼһͳκĹϵⲻˣͳҴˣ۽Ѿɲ򡣡

ǸŮˣ
޷
ǵ߶۹֣ƣ˵ǸˡֶζǿӲǸˣ⽫࣬߳峯áҲ˵ã빬֣ӣվĵطûС

Ҳ
סҵ°ҡЦŪò跹˼

Ҳû
һЦȻƵصȥװζͰ檺ͲͬʱУ

ǡ
ѵüһ㲻ñ¡
ְסҵСңϾʮΣſͰ͵ؽ˿Źӣ˼Ҳܰˣֻ֣ĲһȻˡ

ѧ㡣
˫ְסҪǺݺݵسĴȥ
Ȼҵңһᣬ͵ش˿Ц㣬ָͷЩĴЦ˭ţ

ҸղźȻ˵¡
̾˿˺ü˵ģκλ
ƽ̹ĸ˿̾ӵж󣬲ݵЩH£檲ŸϣѶӴˣĶˣЩ

ҡͷЦЦȻ
̰еĲ㣬˭֪⹷Ȼǯסҵ°ͣҶ㣬ﴵ˿صҵΣĿҵĶϣҲ˵˻绰Ҳ㴵˿ڣǶҲЩװֵĺӡ

һЦıǼ⣺ϵʸӴ˶Сӣ˽⣬ƽ⣬Ŵȡȡöûͷɶ뷨أ

֪ŮҲ֪ȡʲôá鷳Щϸĥ֣ͷ̫ˣ˻ᴧ޵ģ΢㣬־ÿ˶ӡŮûôǣԲԲԲġ

ġ
ҿϣЦʣǲĺӣô

š
ЦţĪҸойɱ⡣

ʲôѽ
Һʡ

ᡣ
ץסҵ֣д˸֣Цᡣ

ԭǶñӣͦһ㡣
ƲƲ죬ץסָͷǺӵһúú룬ñӡҪá

úúá
ҡͷһЦңϷȥ˯ɡ



Ҳ֪Ѹڸеĺȡ⡣

ߣ֮ڡ

͢ݱƵѾʼתܼҿˣȻκЭˣĿⶢλǲĸӰֺٰѣҲá

ⲻ˷УմãԽ谮δ֪Ů֮ǰʹᣬһʱ䣬͢󹬴Ķ࣬ӿ䣬ٸ֡ļҳԲߡ

ðԭлӷżҽû뵽ɱŴࡣ

ҽصѵ̫簮ܣݵǣѹգ/赽ӷͷϡ˭˲֪ٹǳ谮ӷСӣżҺлҽʲôãڲ壿

һŭ֮£Ŵࡱگ˼ʺӷ磬Կο

ż綼ˣ֪жٹûǲТӳЯź񣬸ӷǸרܵҰ˵ܼп֪Ұ˵ȥ¥һŴײ裬ŵ˵ܾСٵ

ɣĽڰ˵ܼһżˣ˹ȥĽʷŭΪ檴򱧲ƽûżһżһʱڳĴУ൱

ʱְٰ谮δĺȡᣬͬʱĸԹԡ
ǰиĸ֣źʮ꣬ģ˽¶˵֪ĶϢ˵ϻʵʵ綼ݱ֮ң̫ү㽫ضŵ˳谮պǻ󣬻֮Ϊ̫ӣأΪ㰡

ߥ֮£ҵ֣иҩСһߡ

Ѵŭ飬ܿͲ鵽ĸͷϣ֮£ʲôˣ¡
ԭʮǰҹˣǹУ˸ӣۿžҪ֣ǰ;֪ȻѪȥˡ

Ǻӣʱ֣
ĸţѸЩҲĽ
ҲʴӱƷԽǿ˭֪ʱȻʧˮûˡ

ֽҲģ֣겻У·Ҳеϵ

ºˡ
ܼҳ׺żҸˣǰ·ĴѸǰһҪ¸ϣһܼһ˵

̫ǰżѾϵ
Ҳ֪˭˸Ŵˣ˵ʺ񣬶̫κβܼұƵýʵҪżһС̻ȴΪүǰھ¥лүڹʱôЩ£պ󳶳϶ǷǷǣĪ˧ܼҽȥˣǸ˱صú׺ıʵǸ˵ı㣬̫޹ءڼǰĻˮѹ׮.ͷû¡

ǱϣܼƱؽżҸϾɱ

Ŵ˶ҡˣȥگ˸ŴֽϾ׶ӣŴˣæͽȥӣ߶ӣ뷨ӰҰдţȵˣͻؼҡ

֪ŴΪٹ⣬ȻԾ

ǰ󲻹һ£ѾͰ½ˣҺʹӡȸϢظժ˳ȥɾ

ʺľżҺͲܼȴֳۼ仯ɸΪ񲯣ȴˮݡ







43.  ʳ崺   ģһػ㡭

42--ʳ崺

Сðշ, ҺѾͻط˯ȥˡ

Ȼô£˯ṳ́ܲʵҺ, һ, ҪôŴʬҪôǴӱĻ棬پǰ˵ܹڵϿͷÿÿ, ҪҪþòƽ

Ѿ, ˯õǺ, ÿαҾ, ܻὫһø, סҵ֣һ, ʱʲô˵ʱ˵ûķƽЩ, ̫ҽ㿪Щҩ

ò˯ˣʱ, ˡ

־͹

Сؽѹϵĸ첲Ų, ƿ, ׼´, ˭֪ӺȻקס

ȥĶ
Ѻʡ

ȥ衣

İ, 򵽵, Щ

ȥɡ
ɿ, ϡ

š
æӦˣӣŵ´, ЬӵʱѶס

ǡ
Цû

ݸֱӰѱɵͷϣȥľͰǱС⡣

ЩɣҸԼ˱ˮűǱߣɴͷ
컹ţµĺҡҷϵĻƹȦأҲÿԼԺſڶŴ

ûҺˮֻ˿ڣ´

ڴʱҿȸסСƫźȻˣѥӴͷ߳ؽŹغãͷ½󣬲δЬŵسСȥûз׼緹ȥˡ

ҵʱס

Ѳɣҹȸʳ
пܰѽ¿ථµȸ.̣пܣƼȸ޵ֱѾͷֹȻһ㶼֣
ˣ֮ǰҴӹǶ˻ɴѴһŵɾܾӱܣţȸҶߣ͵͵˵綼ϲˣƭء

УܲѸߵȸԼǡˡ

ЦЦǺ£ңһذȫ

ҽӷŻطϣ˴ƿӣ굽Ļʶؽ§סŻ˯һʱߺ㰲ӣǵðѳϡ

š
ʮָۣ˵ˣϽ˯

ôãˣմ˯

֪˯˶ãԼָͷĦҵҾ÷Żӿˣţ°ͷֱһƺң䣬㿪

ǸЦЦһ䣬ʲô֪ˡ

ٴѾˡ

ȸˣûźңɼеַϴװ硣

ðշҶҩͷȥȸС

ɨһۣѾͷʱױ̨ǰüһҹɫöˣ˫ֲü񣬷򵥣Ѱ¹崲ֻ֬бϷֻˣͷͺ챦ʯ˻£һǹĶ

ˣȸæǱսκǰҪӹ̡

òá
£Цţ
˵䣬Ұѷ˷ŵױ̨ϣȸСԲϣװûǸˣЦŴȸùüʣü֮£ұͷᣬĿкᣬͷѣ
ӣԲסˣǽˡ
ʵļ˵ֻ֡ô

ˡ
ȸҿˣԳƽ㣬æҪҲᣬԼҩѪңǶ׵ҸǰοңЦάˣūӦģĪҪ𡣡

ɵѾͷ
æȸϸϷʲôҩ˴ʵܼǧմˮˡ
źȸ࣬䲻˾䣺Ƽ
ҹ⽫ͣ۲ȸɫٶȻѾͷĨκ;ţˣˣû˵ƣŵ㻻ҩԭģκε°ˡ

ȸ˿ЦˣִֻģϸײСӡ
˵ȸҿȦûˣյҶߣѹԺһõģʵװҩһ̥ƽģһּѪүʴȣûƽϣ¶ϣ»治һŹ

š
æͷװ£ȸ½󣬵˵֣ġ

Ȼ綼µϿװҩʵ⻹ǵսľ

ܾã£ҷѵľˣǰļЦٿޣЩҽ࣬Ҳ㲦ҡ

֦治ðҲõҵ˵һùԵлӷĴȸС



ȸǶȥԺӡ

ûҿ϶Ŵɱˡ

Ƿһ

Ϊ˱ӣ⺰ȥ
ߵ̨£żŨѪȺҩζر̱ǣסĶģеſڣһƣӴʱȰ˲濪վڵϣϴűĳ£ϰ߰ߵ㣬Ѫۡ

ʱźҵǰһ̾˿ģ·˱ûһõضѹ£ֻվţÿ׳ŸϹͷǵ͸ˡ

﹣ܣԽѵ

ֵܡ
ſ


˲תңżæŵسӣԼסǴ˿ڣСҧ˻ص˿ɫѿ۵ͷ麹װûƵģȭҼһЦ
ôˣ

㡣
Ҵụ̀ԶŽȥûҿӣµǿЦǻ̫ҽƽЩϺõĸҩø㡣
˵Ҹһʣֵܣˡ

ϣ
Ӳңմ½ǣȥͷȻһЦСĸŵŲüһֱһˣ˾ηָʹҼҴΪӣాʮ꣬СźүŰ࣬ˣ˵ȥû˸š
˵⻰ͨһ£ؿһۣŶķصؿͷЦſңҿ˸ͷ

С˶лүʶл˵İݡ


˰Ѵӣɨۡ
˼ҵӵ׺ŮĲһ򵥣˸ܣͷŸʽĵͽƼиУͷаѰߵ崺иḷ̌ص׷
Ǹ
һ֣վԶЩСϣѹʴӣ·ͻȻڣû㵽ô£ر¸ץˣ

Ӵӹóֻ״ɱùˮ飬ŸҵˮִӴͭУ򿪣ƹҴһԭЩ¸㣬񡰲֪¥ġ

С̰죬Ӿ¥˺еģţѸ⣬㼫ˡ

á
һֻ˿ھͷ£ʣż˵ѽ

һЦСȸͻؼҺ󣬾ͽȥʬףԭιҲɾϧûгֵļһ£ɽսңһҹžԿˣѲӪ˲ϣûȥ

´üһĶȥˣණøϽˣСţлү󣬱ԺպڳٹżҶ죬ǵ£лү㻳ɵͷϣӯСϣҲ˵һ֣һǰȫġ

ҵͷЦЦ
ȴЩ
лӷסСԺйݹҸ˲

ĪҪա
Ʒҵı飬ַɫãæС֪ӯҪͷǰͷȥ¹۵ĺɽСܵ³谮ʬǶ֣¿϶ڹȥ˭֪Сõµİҵˡ

ˡ
Һᣬлǲ̫
֪ĸˣ汻ŵѶˡ
վǵĽǶȣһëûУɣɰ¼޻ɪܾò̫á
յԼ̫˼Ұɱˡִʬ壬զ˼Թ

Ժү˵һõģɵǼලٹ١̿Ļ׵ˡмǣǰһߣպĪҪˣ㲻áˣǰ̫ҽԺԺж̫ҽٰĥӯжֻж̫ҽܽ⣬ֻܸŸ˼ⲻǡ

ǡ
ƺˣԼؿڣЩⷬС˻һӼ

á
ЦЦͳƽᣬ崺ĵβڴЦƽҽģͷƤĥģӲ壬ȡӡ㵱͵ˣףǰƽ

Ĩ֮ɫָͷƽᣬЦģһ

šˣҾͲˡ
Цŵͷȥ
ߵżʱһͷһƣСӽ崺յȻ󣬽ҳʣǿŻͭϻͷ£غá
ҡͷЦЦСӵĿžҴһģһϣԺȢϱܶ˼ҴЩ






44.  ܾ   һ

Ӳ֪ȥ, Ѿ˽ĸµУҲʼԻ

ĸо, 澹ȻиС

Ҵδй־, ǰ󸹱㣬Ｕ, ﳰЦӷ׳ªҲ֡ª鷳, ֻϲ޷ݵġ

ϲ¾, ֻŶǶ, ͭǰŤת, ؿûб仯

ѼˣЦɵ

ҲŲ, վԼ

պӳŴ󣬻᳤ƣ̫ҽ˵ƸͲ˼̥, һһĨ

ѿֿʼ, ˵Ǽû㰮Ư, 콥, Ϲȥ, ĨǺǵʲ, ϸˡ

Ұ, ѹ, ӹһ磬ӲӵָͷһŹ, һĨʱաˣžһҵıۣʱϸĵĨ˭֪ĨĨţĨǰȥˣ˵ҪԳһ

ģǿķǡ

Ǻǣɱ˯ʱͷҲૣ㰡

ӣҰشڼ̥ӺȸðձҲĲˡ

ԴδΪָʹۿɼСӱ˺ܶ࣬ˣüͷҲ

ϻʵۼݱδԴְּҲʱѹ¡

д㣬ָʹϾǶۺ촹ѵҪְû㹦ͺͱȥҲ

˷ӡ

ⲻǰոݣϱ͢˵ҵʤȫӱӣ̰˴¡·ͨӹΰǱκӪ֮УȡսʹҾǰϤܵо

һʱ䣬λصġ·ͨ˽ͷβӢۣ֮Ҳ۷׷ףϱһҪͣ

Ҳ˴ɣ˵Ҫλ·˵Ĺǰ̴ӣľ౨δй˵ֻƬһ빮Լĵλأ

Щվɰ֣κ˽ȴ˵λ·˴ǰģɹ˿˽£ⲻˣκӪ˹ѫ



ȻֳʵԼϱģֳԼƫ̻ӣɳȥ

ûգεĽݴʷԬϱָйͣйԸ·ͨ

Ԭһϵķͱˣһʱ䣬Դӵĸ蹦̵¶ѵİ

ΪԬɲһˣû綼У̤ƽǸľӣټˣ벻Ķȥ

ż֮³˴ø˵һ죬ٴ󸮳ȥĴӣպ£Ԭ壬ֲΪأԣżҲټ

ƣʲôûڳ࣬ɱ˸ˣȻҡһ䣬˹ҵӢۣպֿȵĳӡ

ʱúܻĵʵеһУѵƿصУ˭λǸɵӣҲܽڸ˭ǻ׹ݣⲻˡ

ʱһ˼롣

ƲԼˣңá

䡢ǰʮ꣬ɷ곡Ϸʰʰң·˼ģûɱ

ҺͿˣجξѣʲôʱ檣

ЦЦ§סԺش˸У޼ݱɡ

ҵĶԽԽҲʼҹкüأʱҶ˯ˡ

Ҳûգһ㣬ݽš衢ҹʱǾЩȥԺЪҹӽΪ˴¡ЩԱպص顢Щ˵ðɱʲôʱɱ

Ҳڷܶ顢ܵÿ첻Ժ䡣

˵ʵе㳳˯ãû˼˵ƣòֵܣ㲻ùģģϵ˻û͸

룬Сæ˵˲СˣС޶ۣҼҴĿԵøùǣܹү֮

ãȻȰȥɡ

ʮһµһ죬ҳˣԼлӷȥ¹ۡ

ҺȸڳӸϳлӷͷ

ҽ˺еĵİӣںڷ˰׺Ƥﱧӣ˸̺

ʵƣƿ͸˳лӷ磬֮ǰҾ͸ֻ࿴ѣɪǸʮ߰ѾͷǲϲӦ伴ɣ˼ҹӡ

ǰҲɪ˵ӷǸѱģǹ͵Ϳ˼ңĪҪȥ

֪ɪûȥӷҵģѻˣⲻʰ޵ļ񣬻ڽۣɫ멣һǸŵĹӡ

㣬ͷأôѴƿˡ
лӷַڿڱߺЦģҿ϶úú͹˵Ϊѵġ

ǡ
Ҷ䷢ȣͷӣҲˣô

һ·Ѿ߱ˡ
лӷҡͷһЦãǰ̫˿ϺõĻƤӣ˸˸֣Ԭ綼˴󹦣ֵܡǣ˵Ҳзͣǵϸ£ͽᡣ

Щɣǲġ

ʵϲġ
ͷεֺպ֪ҵĹϵ³Ѫ
Ǹ
ְĿڣʣң

û˵
лӷЦ

ûĵĶǰˡ
˾䡣

ء
лӷһЦ߶أ˵ⶼȥˣд˺öţһ䡣֪սңŲһܼȥ˵ǻУ϶Ҫȥ̽ء

⻹˻
ůůġ
ԭдƽţ˵ݸġѲ˵ûϢǺϢʱȶЩ档

˵ţҵһ¡
лӷüͷ壬ϵı֮ɫŨ÷굹Ǹд⣬֮ǰΪ˵ãڵõĺöˡ

һ⣬æʣдʲô

޷ǾӯĺòãپԼˣ½⣬ĺܡ

лӷػ˻֣Цҳŵʱ÷ˣüһһµ·רŸƤͳʳϣʲôûУҪڡ

á
ЦЦζ

˵䣬ͣˣ¹ɽˡ

׼³ƿӣƼӼлӷ磬ϵް£ڵϵһСˮϣлӷ˸ǧЦү¡

лӷסûȰӣһƵӸǰʰӣַȥͷˮЦЦжЩȻ⵹ˣҼǵǰǸԴˣġ

⻰ԣ˵ӿġ

ҲûգЦСүѥŪˣ಻á

лӷǸͨ͸֮ˣû˵ƣ´ӵļЦ̫үǸʵµģúõúãڱȻȥˣպдٵĻᡣǶǾʶҲһһСˡүģˣӷ缴ɣõҵģضæ

ӹ˸ЦбС˲Խү仰С˱ˡ

ҽյڶе

Ҳ֪ȥǸλãԴǲǺ£̶һ£ĳ˺ܶ࣬¹ʡԲ˺ܶࡣ

һƱȨһʱϱضմѪϵһܻۼѣʶָʹ󶼹¼ҹˡ

ӣĲ·

ЩԼƮϸѩ

Һлӷ˵ЦɽԶƼ¹ſںر

ʱ˸ͤͤΧźëձŮ̫ǽͤ̿衢Ӻ͸ֹߡ

Ƽɪڹſڣõޣӣǳɫȹ׹٣ԻױüĻ˻ӣԵʮֽΡ

ƼˣѾͷЦӭץסҵ˫ۣ´ңϣӶôѽˣ˵ҽƣһӾʧ¡

ⲻô
ϥɪб۳лӷ磬ЦŽܣλٹҵģ

֪
ɪҵĻ΢Цųлӷͷүãɪ

á
лӷ΢Цűȭӷ硣

ʱҽŵֱ
λ֮ӣƢСǧҵõмˣչ䣬ʱ˵ƤǾ

ѽ
ұͷʶһߵĿ¯סɪĸ첲ЦۿŽгѩѩһޣţ׼˾⡣

ɪҲӷİýܳϣҼǵӷϲɽ󴨣ھгģ书϶ոǹֻ¹ǿ¹ԡ

˵⻰Ҹлӷʹ˸ɫ
лӷ⣬æЦأչпգǽϼѣһȥԡ

˼Ҳš
ɪƲƲ죺У¹ö˶˭˭ˡ

ȿȣ
΢ɪ
ɪ⣬΢죬һЦŶǸǽͤ˵ɡ

ԶԶԡ
лӷ翴ɪЦô˶øƵģ˩˩ס

ɪһ㶣ͷнȥ

ӷ硣
סлӷ磬ʹüŪֳۣ״ҡ
˭֪СӶƤһЦ˿ң߽ͤ

һͷ

û⣬û˵¡

Ц߽ͤɨۣϵǰʣ˺ƣæӹùƺֱλɵЩЦУܳԾƣᣬȼ޷ġ

ôλһȻţеĶԼָףŮĿԼЬ⣬ǲ˵

Ǹ
ҴƳĬḧɪ֣Ц֪˵ǰ̫İˣ˵ϰգүݺݽѵ˶١

ҵ˼͹лӷ壬˵ˣżߥϻʵɪףɪΣֻܹ˻ƹڣ˵ݣأлӷѵżˣ϶ˡ

ֻҺһ£Ѿͷ˲һ
Ȼһ䣬ɪЦбۿлӷ磺ү˭㣬־Ͱ˭˵ŵСگϵˣүŽ˰ɡ

лӷԲãûͷ˱
ɪأһĵ⣬С˵ơ

ղѽôռ͸ˡ

æɪЦӰΨһˣȥ걻¼ǿбƻ飬лүȡ

֪
ɪлӷ¾Ʊüһү֮ˣսɳ϶չ޶ǰԵɡ

ŵõ˿ֹǸܣλεڿడ

˵Цˡ
лӷƱɪ޲ۣҲ˵սպգأûˣҲ֮Σǹǣ񴩽ƣòλȥԽ׵ĹŮ֪ûбȥԽˣ޸˼ӣĿɻģ

㣡
ɪŭס
´лӷ磬ͷŲһүڲͬ

лӷ΢ЦҲһ񡣡

ҽŵҪֱð亹˿ĭС䣬Ҫôǽɡ
תҶлӷЦǲ֪ɻˣŪϡŹֵĻҼû

˼
ɪҵĻ°΢̧ƵĿлӷ磺ۣܽܽȨܽ˵үĸǰǹǱҲǻ׹ˣǾͷɣҲȫ˻ֺСɩһƬ˼

⻰
лӷ籧ȭһЦ´δôĻܽˡ˵ܽȨܽôأҵѪԴö°սɵĸ˰˵˰ǸйģͷԺǧܻȨ

㡢㡭
ɪͨ죬Ҫڱ粵ƫ˲ˣһ䶼˵


лӷЦƺͷʹڣصؽƺϣ˭֪̫󣬰ѾƺŪˡ
ӻͳƱžһϣȸңɪЦл¸ˡ

ұ£Ȱοɪ䣬ʵСѻתңǺҶ̥æӷȥŤͷһɪȻվڹſڣҲǣҲǡ

ҲڴЦ治ԩҲͷס

㣬Цʲôء
лӷǰ棬ˤ첲̧ҡ

ЦѾͷӣ϶䣬Ҫġ


лӷЦѾͷȤҾܵѡ

ˣ˿Ůǵ¶ֻҪԱ˴Ȥһ죬չȥ

£Ӧܳɡ

ɽҾͿԶ꣬ƺлӷ--Сʩ
СʩһĽסæ˭֪ʯӶ˼Ȧܵлӷǰɥү¾͡

ú˵
лӷȵ

СʩĨ˰ᣬ˼ڣţС˽ȥС˿СԬˡ绹úõģ֪ôˣȻһӣҪҪˣ

ʲô
Ҵ󾪣ѹ˲ϼɻ䣬æץסСʩĸ첲ǻа²ôô¡

Сʩص˿ĭŤͷʾлӷ磬õ󣬲Ŷ˵ƺΪĶŭҪʰ˵Ҫزأߵſڣ͵ˡ
Сʩֱţ̫Ѿȥˣ˵ǺܺãҲϣС˸ϽѰүȥи⣬ǱС⡭

С
һûǰһڣ˹ȥˡ






45.  ʧ   ҹѺͺҹ⡭

·ʹ, Լ䣬ҿǰΧЩˣӡлӷ硭

ȸӺҳס, ʹ, ҡ

ģһָʶ, ֻֽŻǷҲ˲ʲôб, һץסǸ̴Сʩĸ첲, ʣʲô, ˵

ʵŵĲ, иŵ㣬ԽŷԽ侲, Ҫ⣺

ˮôˤôΪ˵СѲô

СʩȻһסˣҲǼ, ˵ģС˲ͷ, ֻ˵СԬ˲֪Ϊ˴, ûŵġǸʲôˮ, С治װ, ̫, ݳ仰, øϽү, ˵һиʲôҲи⡣

ʲôƨ
ҺҲҡԬңӷʲô˼, ֱĶ

˼֣ˣǺǻδ֪䴿ǲԸⵣΣŽӷȥֿܡ
֮ǰӷ粻й϶˵Ŵ࣬Ǳпܻ£ʱӷ϶ᱻԬǺޡ

Ҳ̫䱾ʲôöû˼Ҳ÷š

ӷ磡
ƿСʩǿžǰżң̫ⷢӣˮ

Ұɡ
лӷɫһ䡣

֮Ĳޡ
˿ʣֺʹԤ˰ɣϸô

ǹˡ
лӷæֺȻԼţ㣬ŲôҵԬɡ

㶼ҵοˣֵܵס˵ԾûϵСѲѰ鷳źʹǻǾҰɣʼŲ
ҴߴлӷϽȥǵã̫Ĺ˿

ã
лӷ緭ҪߣҺȻһ£æס

ȵȡ⡣
ҵסᣬͷϵлӷ磬ҧѴ˸ұסˣ

İɽ㡣
лӷץ֣صҾ¡

ٵȵȡ
ԥƬ̣Ϊʲô÷˽ˣҪزأҡ룬йء
ͳӣҧʳָѪͷдˡġ⡱֣лӷ磺ϵҵ֣֪Һأȥɡ

ܿ죬лӷʹʧ¹ɽ¡

Ծɽޱȣԭⲽ֪ӾڹŹظǰתͷ̥Щǰʱ󸮣俴ңҵĶӣһǳ鷳

Ĳġ

ǸҪ͵͵ȥ
ҿӺȸС󣺡ߣǾ͵ûסңԼȥˡ

ǲɣ
ֱӵǰҿȦĪҪʱ򷸺Ϳϻ˽Լ˵ܸԣǳ¶ˣûˡ

һ

ӽǰһǸĨǳЦŵС˺ȸٱ´ûϵȥˣ鷳Ĳֹү˵ˣӯѲȥи˵

졣
ûס˾䡣
Ȼסˣ£Ҫ˵ʲô

Բסˡ
Ťͷ̫ˡ
Ƿ˴һһ飬ʵó
æץסȸ֣Ѿͷ죬ߵ£æţҺҰһ£ôԺ˺ӣ顣

İɷˣūȥ



¹۽Թȸͽ

ɵģѩ˵ϺͲ͸ˡ

͵Ҳô죬ҷɱ֮Σһҩ˸ǸӸˡ

ҹڵϣϷͷԲˣҪбӦͱӦϣһƴĶӸܷܲŹҵӯ䣿

ˣʲô
߹ҪңĵȰңӯǶлүԬأСӣ໳ĸ£ٶ̥

£ûңƳŵվʧǵسȥ



ѾڣѩԽԽѾڵ˲㡣

̿裬յů

Ҷűˮ㷲ȥ

ӵõϢڣѾȥʱˡ
ȸ綼ӹˣҴѵĻȻҰڼҴţ߶æᰲŵġ

æʱæꣿ

ҼòУ˿ˮѹѹԭ̵ˮ綼ñðѱҵϣſڵۡ
ԽؽԺ崺ſڡ

ʵ֪ӺܹңҲܰаǨŭϣɡɡǿƲס

ʱ򣬴Ӱɳȥ̽Ϣ

лӷȻҵĻݡ˽źʹ򣬻ص󸮺󣬹˹˹ƿƣžƾνС۵ˣƷ裬ѹȫϳȥ

䵽мֵУûգ˵үСԬ˻Сƽģӯ綼ӯ䵱ãǲ뿪ģԺźϢ

ʱǰϢ˵˳ţ
һʱǰϢ˵Щã
ŴϢ˵۵ιȥˡ

ɣһȥ

뵽ˣʲô˲ˣӹҳ磬ϣߣ⣬ֱסˡ

ˣ
ЩɫСѾΥүȥ󸮴̽Ϣһסˣš

Ҳƿߡ
˭֪һһ

𿪡
ɫƣסŭЦԼľûϵ

үС˿ס˵æ͵Űɡ
ðüŪ۵ؿҶӣѹңҪǰ𣿡

ҵһۣģִСһ⣬һȥˣãȥǰ̣ûôϡ

֪⻰ˣ˴ӵģʵ̲ס

ҺʹӴ۵С۵ʱͷ󼱴ҴҵĽŲ

̧ȥЩţŵƣӭ˽
ѽɫ멣ͷϴųڣѩͷϣôݲȡ󲽳

һϲ£Сܵǰͨһ££ȥɡ

ѸͷϵѩȥòҪиһΣûġ

ҲסȣͷǸ͵檸ǰˣͷյﲻǸҪĻˣѾԲһˡ


ѳ̾˿

ֻҪӦأպʲôҪ檵ԡ
ץסȵ֣ţһ棬ôҼ

ɡ
ѽҷǣҵ֣ߡ

ҿӢĲЩ졣

ճţа˵СԬˣĸŮƽ
˿ŵڷ£СƽͺãҺῴѣʵһȥӯ䡣

¡ǡ
涣ʮֵĿ

С
ҡͷһЦǱߣ㿴һۣƵúˡ

ǡ˰ɣһ￴ңǾͲˡ
ҵͷί

û£޶źˡ
ҵļ򣬸յҶߣϸʱ˻𣬰谶еͨСǰЩΪĸס˾˴򱧲ƽڳǰԹԣ۸ܵڶǵòܵ֡Ϲǰ˼Ǳӣһûع飬ӯǱҲ߿˲٣Ӳӯ˲Żع

һ⡣

ȻһƿС

ʲôû˵鸴ӣϣһǰߡ

δΣһ᲻һڲ޷ԤС

ڣҾҸġ

룬ҹѣԺҹܺãܺá



ԼĪ˰ʱݵ󸮡

ǴӺĽȥˣǰţһ·ߵķǳ徻

ɣӯ˴ĵ
ɣʱҾס󸮡
ǸżҪ⣬ӺȥСƹڣѾ࣬Ҳ˳С

ͷ·˸Σ־ա

ʱֻ꣬ص󸮣һз·𶼱ˣûб䡣

룬ҶԶġ

ԺĵģԶҾͿлӷ紩Ŵ멣ĬĬɨɨѩҺѣ£ؼЦųϷָ¡

ұ΢Цᣬϥ
лһֱҡ

Ĩᣬͷѣ

ȥɡ
ҵĺͬӷȥƫ
˵⻰Ѵͳ׹ӣЦ͸ӣҲǵģʲô־ˡ

ҽ߬ס׹ЦŸһ󣬼ǰߣ˼͵ͣ£ȸó֬Ǧۣž·٣ױһͷۣѻ󣬿εЦЦָϷ

ҵͷߡ
͵ԼӴˣС̣û

ͣ½Ų˿ֶʵȥֻܾΧסС̿ʲô

ĥ䣬ĥ䡣
ߵſڣȥȻԥˡ
ң϶Ҫ޵ģܿޣ

Ҫ˰ɣ͸ɴһͺӣҲܰġ
ߵߣסŰ͸ıɴ￴

ͷůϰһС򲼣ǰǸĺӣԶֻܿͦ׵ģӸǰͷϴŲñӣϴź£Ǹգǣƣ۷˼

һŷţһŸдѪֵӣŻ谵⣬ſž͵ˣ㵽Ķ



ҵͷĬĬᡣ
ҲµûӦú÷奵Ƿйأйء





46.  ҵĽ   ɲܵ

46--ҵĽ

ԥ, վȥ
ǰңӯ巿ţѾͷбԹ, ˵á
Ҿʲô, ʲôܻ䣬ҵôѾͷʰӡϴµѽ

, ѡ
۶, ǰš

, Ҳ, õӯĻӦ, Žȥ

ٴη٣ƿڼĺ, Ƽӯ佫Ƿź͵ͷ£ŤͷЩ˻ƺƣҲ˵, Ϣòš

, ס, ·Ƶ, ΢΢ס, , ϸؿ
㡭
ӯ۾, ȻЦ, ɺãСӤ£, ̵ȥ


ұϾҷ𣬺Ƥ߽ȥվڿǰ˰ѣЦյûͦȡ
ҿסᣬظӯϣտڣ͵ˣ˳ô˰ɣ

ʲôϵ
ӯشҵĻñЩסСҧס´ϸǵñ΢΢Ȼһѽñӳǣ˵µ˿ڣ۵á˻ص˿´ңﾡǼ
ϣ಻ǲһˣŨױĨͦѽǼ֯ɣͷӻǽأҸһٺ»ġ

ӯ䡣
̲ס

ߡ
ӯңͷץдѪֵӣϣҧ޵ҳȥһ۶뿴㡣

֪⺢̫ˣ˵
ʰ𣬽߬ȺúϢޣɩӹѰŻ㡣

Ƽӯ£ȻǲߵģɾǿŤתͷչСӤתƱʹ

ɩܡ
ˣ̧ȣ˿ߣظڴʱѾͷ͵˵һſҵϣޣСӤ˼䣬ҳˣſޡ

Բ𡣡
һǸӿϰǸСñͷϣοǵˣôСƵģﲻܿޣ԰

ǹ㡣
ӯ߷ߵ˾䡣

ǣɩӵĴ
ԼšѾͷ죬ˣʣΪλǲ˴ʲôණˣ

ӯͷͷţ

Ҵ򿪣ӳ÷ַݽ壬Ųֻҳ

ӿɺãڳסϰϰߣӹ˿ʵ֪ﻹޣһŶûУҲ½⣬ֻϣûиߣܱסԼ
ӣʵڵӦмǣ˲Ե޹ʵضãҪԬս⣬ע⣬ĪҪӦб˰£ñץסš
ɩԴȥµ󣬾ҲûѶȥ˳ǰãյ飬Եɵ˵һ֪ڳ˺£ˣ֪˭ôǲٵģ˷ĸСһ̽һ㣬ɩӴزء
ǧ̶ֽ鲻رء

֡

ţЦ
һȥˣյżԼиš

Ȼû´ӯѾͷʧٵϢŻ

ɩӡ
ӯץסҵĸ첲ʹҡǰţȫˣһ۶뿴ǧ˵Ҫͬ˵йأһÿšڳԲԣҲ֪ȥԲԣ

ҡˣεͷΡ
εЦָӯͷʣҺֿˣҪ˭

ĺ룿
ӯգ͸Ĵ۾ʡ
ֿҲǿЦǳҿ϶ġ

Ǿˡ
ݸĴָѾͷߵĲᣬĻ⣬ˣҳҪģģʲôˣáþˡ

š
ӯæͷŲЩطңůͣԺɲˡ


ĶҪɤ۶ˣæЩЬӣѵ˿
˭֪ѾͷʹǰҪҽ硣

㲻ô
ӯüʡ

ȡ
ЩֻסӣЦ䡣

ﲻ䰡
ӯС˾䣬⣬ϸϸشңɻףôо̫Ծƺ

ҳˡ
úܣæЩӴ⣬ܳԳˣ˺üȦء

ԡ
ӯңȻ֣ҵ糶ض͹Ķӣסţ⡢⣬㡢ˣŵĸ˰ɡ
С̵ʱը˹ô˼ңߵƵģһһң֮ǰ㳹ҹ飬ȥ죬ּҴһزأǲǸˣʲôģô
ɫΣ˿Ѳмң㡢ˣ

ûС
һƬͷ˼̧檡

ң

һЦҡͷ

ӯ䳹׼ˣصԼĴȣͼʲôѽٲУ㻹ͷӣأڳȴҼң˻֣Ҷˡ
˵ѾͷĴѰѣ𴩣ߵô۸˵ģ˶Ūˣ֡˵˭ʲôסţҷҪʮ˴ʲô浱ûҳˡ

𡣡
æסѾͷͷϣ¡
û
պҺˣҲиȥ޸ĸƼƵģĴƮҡ
һסҵ£һ˵塣֪ɩڹúܺãǸ˱ǿܶˡ

ɡ
ӯ䲻ģøסĶʱʱȥ㣬һ⣬ˡ

᲻ᡣ
ЦĦıڿϣ˳ƣ˴ӣߣЦˣ㡣
һʮǰӯĸ첲˯·Ѿ˿ڹͷϵһϰߣأ䣬뿪Щӣһֱ󸮡
ˣ̫ǲǳ㣿

š
ӯ˸У֮ᷳɫŨ


һ˵ļҳʱû˵ɩӡ

ûҲŲ˵Щء
ӯ仹ʱ㣬ұȡůƲƲ죺ÿ˼ҼЩʲôˣʲôһ֪ұ硢´󹦣ŰͽᣬⲻϲʲôʲôеķͼΣﴩΣǷˣͷͶӳԵĵõģӦоУνӣ˵һʣҵء

Ǿ
Ҳ˸ۣЦӷ˵ǵл

˵
ӯץסҵ֣۾ö
֪ˣһ죬ʵǳŲסˣߣԽץסҡ
ҷס֣ʣ˾˯Ժ˵

û¡
Ѿͷǿ˵ЩӵίһʼҺãͰʾңҪµģ˵лţ˻ԣͿԶˡ˭֪ô˵ҽƣʵǹ
ӯ˿ڣý˭ˣôõĽ㲻ϲҲ²ѽɩ֪ôǸøռҵҲòأͷ˺󣬱ԼҴ壬Ϳң䲻̱ȴǼΪκǰһɷ룿׺ؽܽңһҪú÷Ժɼ檣Ҳ͵¡

Ĵ
ûס˾䣺һһѡżҴϵ¾ûһöȫ˵

ɩӣôˣ
ӯ䱻ŵһ⡣

û¡
ḧѾͷĸ첲Ц˵أôӷˡ

ӯҧ޵˼ҵ˳ȥڸڰ˸͵סšżСҪѣ͵͵Ǳ͵꣬ѹѣ紲ϣһȥֵѰţץ˸š
ǼҲûΪѣЦ˵˻󣬷ֻСŮǹŮȥͻˡ
ӯɤӣѧż˵߷ߵǸģСʩ˳ñӰѾͷסӽҹ˹̫үҪ

Ҳؿֵۣӷ翴Ŵô˵ŹԭżҲǷǣ»ô¡

Ǻأ
æʣû˵ӷ綨żң̫ү˰ɡ

ǡ
ӯݸ̵ʱÿСУÿӲ̫үǸģż˵ҸִһʣҲþϣƫ˭Ѿͷ׳˿Ҫ̧ǻţ̫飬ֵ̫ķͣҲίżҡ

ʲô
ҺȻˣæʣˣ

ɩСʲôѽʵԺǺѰô
ӯ˼ؿһۡ

ҵ˼ǡ̫үͰֻӬȥˣ
Ҹæ˿ڣȴżˡ

û
ӯһЦû죬ֻ̫һʸ֦ĲӬָ˸С٣ǸʲôʿҴææͰѻ°ˣص͵û磬ϲ֪ȥĶ

⻵Ѿͷ
ָͷıҡͷһЦ

ԭֹ£ٹżҲ˼
ϴֳŴ£µͬʱ˳ƾʹѹżңżҺ仰˵صǸβˡ

˵˵̫ǸСģɲܵúúõطţô

Ҳˡ
ӯƤһЦҹָ
һ㶣չȥ
ѾͷסҵĲӣҶ˵Ц

ҺЩôպǼܻ¸ɷͱ磬أѾͷȥЩ͵Ķ˷õͷһӣȻţȫ̧ȥ˱˵͸λ˵ĶͣȫݹٱգǸжΪعˡ

㡢㡭
־ŭϲЦãⲻǵһԺڳȦôġ

ǾͲ¡
ӯ˸У۾Ȼϣץסҵ֣ƲҵĳҲǱﲻһɣһҲûҸ䱦ˡ٣ɩ֪ô̫ү֪ô佱ˣƸҷھⲻЩҲ׷Ч£󷽵ظݾӡ

˵棬ѾͷڳŲס˯ȥ

ӯ䣬˯գݸһЦ
˵ѾͷçײЩ϶䣬ҲȷǸġ
ѵͷЩŮι̼ٹ⡢ǿǿԼĶλ˭ǵĸǶѪ⻻ġ

ҴչȥĶͷ
ȻؽԼֳŵԲɩӲһֱ㡣

׼뿪ȻƼǸճӤҴչȥһѰճĺӲͬ⺢ӺܰףͷŨֺڣ֪ĸһǸˡ

أѺӱȥѿһۡ

뿴ʲô






47.     ô绳

47--

¶С, ȸǰƫǶ̿裬Ѻӹʵʵűųš

, ͷѩµúô, Ѿװعˣһֻѻɹ, ѩǳǳצӡƫǱңң, , žѩҹԵﶯ

䡣

ұźӼ, սȥ, ͱůζΧ̧ȥ, Ѻлӷʱϯϣǰĳϰ˼СˣƺȻһֻ

лӷ, ָԣ, ھƱ, ͷ΢΢ζ, ڷɢ, мʿ֮硣

ŵȻЩ, , Ȼо, ΢죬ŪŰѹ٣ҽ, ˾䣺ôѩôˣôá

㿴
Һȸæҵظӣӹһ飬ŪˣŰѺӷȥŤͷһЦǳˣҰҶӡ

ѽ
ѳлӷһЦңô˵ʲôҲӷЦ

ЦЦûŰŪС
ԭһСѾͷҪ̳ԣû룬Źܹԡ



û뵽վҲ˸߳
лӷЦ˵ˣٲ鼺ƿ񡷣·𿴵ȪңԼ䣬Ծмֳơ

ָͷɨңЦƿǵĿ죬ǻĲʣһǣȴŭ
ת㻺ѱ۳УЦʣأ

ڱ±˴ˣƸθŨ·мƽ
лӷ̾˿˼سҿۡ

ӷν޵֪ˡ
ѵһԵ˾ƣлӷ˱
˰ǰٸ

ǲȴ֮
лӷ籧ȭһЦȻüӽŪűоƣԱŷȣǰյ׵ţ˵ǸƷòڵĺŮӡĻ빫ţܶˡ

ѵһЦлӷֱЦ޳ϣȷʵлҲĴȰͬ⡣ɡ
˵ѿһۣлӷЦ䲻о仰ǿŤĹϲ𣬵÷ǿаӯ޸ϻ˻һĹɢˣֵúѿ
޲ǿǣǻϲǱؽ֮ãǲϲǾ͵ѣɪѾͷӹŹƧг񣬲ΪݣʱܱգѰ޳иѿ̰æҲǺõġ

ⷬܲ
Ҷѵǳ˽⣬˵⻰Ϊ˴Ѫлӷ磬ɣе׶˼顣

ɪĺˣô硣

⿴ȥƼлӷȻͷԥΣҲ̣ΧӷæһգЩ˯ɡ£檿ӡ

⻰üβһЦųлӷ֣ȥա

лӷ˳ȥߵſڵʱȻͣ£ͷѿ˿һź͹ദġ

á
΢Цŵͷ

Ǹ
лӷԥƬ̣ȭѼ񣺡ͷȳ̱ܿ˱£˲С˹ԭ³ܵ

һЦɡ

Ұ̾˿ãѾˣܳлҵϲˡ
ЩӣҾƳͺƼԸлӷ֣ˣΪ֮˻ˣΪԬء

ӣ޷â׼˵ߡ



лӷȸȺȥܿͰֻʣҵľƷңҺѡ

վڴߣŪű
ȥҡҡλεĺȶˣ糺죬Ʈ

º˶٣
Цʡ

һ
ĵ߹ţͷءᡣ
ţָоƱ״ͷ˿ڣѩ
ȻüһɵãȻָԼıӣ˭
ת˸Ȧ˸ãЦʣ֮ͩڤ֮
ҡҡͷһȻԵ֮Ӻ滷סң°͵ҵļͷ˫ְҵĴĦҵĶׯ֮ҲͥƸ

˵νҵ½ڱ쳯ְסҵЦ˵绰͸︡

ղŻκʿǵƿ񡷣ʫ
ҧ´ŤͷĴૣôֳɵͽˣǿɲɣǸ檵Ĵү̫ˣȰһ䣬ĪҪ鷳Ŷ

ǡ
ѻЦصšҡ
ҳʹʶ˭֪ĸ


ҧҵĲ޺޵޺ˡ

ʲô
ͷۣ

ô绳С
رסҡ


Цִ½ﳶأעЩ

ʲô
ɳղסңҵĶӣЦҲ

ͺúӰɡ
תż⣬˫۹סĲӣȥסĽţסط֣м˸ӡ

һЦ

ҵĴ޽ˡ

Ҳˡ
еߣ㱧ӡ

вС
ˣַŶܾ޺ȶˣǲСĸ˼ҵˣǵʱðˡ

ҶУôУ
ҽһЦбۿ㲻δӰɡ

ʮǰǱһ谶ǸҪӣӡ̫żæŴﱧˡ
һЦǰͼȥӤһԸ̣סͷأͷҲסԣ

ڣѺӱȴţҶؿűЦ̫СˣôСèƵģġ

˵ѵͷһºӣǷԼûң̾һˣĺӹȻҲѰŮÿˡ

ǰɡ
վ࣬ס֣ߥȡɣҲմӵĸ

㣬ɵ˲ǣ
ҡͷһЦֿ϶˼Ԭȡ޲ʲôأ
ֿЩʧ䣬ײңЦ޵ǿԴһ

һϲæʣʲôѽ

ա
ݸǸա

գ
ƷƬ̣ʧЦǲǺ檵ͬô
ҿıЦȻӦȭͷһ£ߡ

ͦá

һ죬ˣû
ϣһΣʵˣǸͨͨˣңԸ⵱һͨͨŮˣȥ

ϧֻǸʵʵΡ



ԼĪʱҺһǰһ󸮡

ʳ˳谣һҪģǵǰһޣȥײЩҴһعˡ

Ǹˣͬӷ˵˻Ҳظ

աա
ڳ߶֣ɵЦ

Щ䣬ҲøЩסػҹ£ᡢЦʵģĥһ˳һ󣬹ؼ̬

ߵʱӷ磬Ǹ÷˿£˵쵽ˣ̣·ϲ̫ƽͱȥˡ

һأϾ֪ӯΪ÷˵ĵӣпڰ˽ߣʼ䵽ô£ⲻɣ
أҲ˱÷奵˼ڲظżɣҳøϲ

ţҾͷ˯ȥˡ



Ҳ֪˯˶ãʱʻȸѲߡ

ƿƼڸϳ
ֻż崺ϣһޣһźƣڱɫ֪С뵽ʲô˫ճյضβǹĨЦ

ʱҹžëѩ׷£滨

ȿȡ


ˣˣ
һľƺȻ׹أѩУûܣԹԵظǻ˯ˣС˺ȸ£ѵˣߣڼҸǰתƼȦ˯һȸȥȡˣӦͳˡ

š
æͷȡӣӽϵѩȥȻ󣬴ӳｫϡ
أ˽ҹ鼱һ⣬˵̶ܶĻѵͷϵصǸ
ֵܣԲ𣬽ǻģ㡣


һ㶣ȻЦʲô°С˶ˡ

ԽԽⲻȥ

Բס
ҧݺģ׼ԼһΡ
˭֪ϵǰһ̣ӺȻץסҵ֡

ôضң˵
Ҹо̫ԾͷæسԼ֣˭֪ſ

ĪҪ̫ˣûʲôġ
˲ҵ֣򷽲ĿǰƸųֱӣ£ޣ˸Ŀڣ˻ؼඡ




48.  Ϧž˼   ᲻ҿĸͷأ

48--Ϧž˼

һգ, ¾͹ȥˡ

Ѿ߸µӣԲģжԽ׾, ζҲ仯Ŀ, һʼϲϺ֮ģ˳, зƳܲȵȣųʮŹ, , һʼѻܸ, ˵, ܳԾͺã³ҳ, ʵڳԵ̫࣬һżͷŻҴȤ, ѲɱҲϲҪҪԵӸѹѹֱšҵ졣

ֵ£ʱȴȵͷǺ, ﻹг.ʪĸо, źҵ̫ҽ˵Ϊ̥ͷ, ĸЩ

ô
ܸо, Сһһմһա
ǵһ, Ѷڵ, Ҷ, оӵĶȻСһ, ŵðϽ˵ϣأվ𣬶ҵĶӰѵ⡰ТӡЦҶۣˡ

£˺ܶ෭츲صĴ¡

ͷһ뿪󸮣ȻСˣˤ룬ͷһصĸףϰ߰ҹι̣ʮæңɷֲߣҪʱտޣ͸һޣӷǰԹ˵ԼĺӣͲˡ

ӷ͵͵ҵУҸкӵĸ˭
ԴˣҲûԹңӺȥ۸˸ƽӷҴ˳㣬дǧűżңҲ׳ţϸȥϳԬǾгˣʱʲôżҲܼңȫ¡

Ҫô˵ѾͷǺá
Ҳҡ

ڶ£սơ

κ˵ڹн˰̣ɵδ˵ӣ˻ݣ£פرлҸӣ㡣

˭ϣĸƿ--ȷˣκСԬʱɳҽƽ˴ݣͬʱ˺üƽ֣ˣ֮ǰ˾Ӹκﱸ˹¡ҩ˽»ԽǱ߹˴ƥ۶գȫ١

̾ӣһ֣˵ݺκĿڲһôκһʱ˾궬ˣʿܶĲκŭɳһӾ׷ɱɣ˵֮ʱڱѣ˲

Ѿңκͣ˻ݣСٹ֪ٹӴʱϹۣǲΧɱκκ֮£ԽŵԽӦ£ԸñݣԽΪ֮

£÷奡
СˣͿƣ˽ԽͨżܽӴԽʹߣ̫үּ⣬ԽԼΪֵ֮ѺûԺסУÿϾʮʮ

ţ÷صּǩȶЭ飬ֱݱ׳ˣ֧һ˵ľӣһػסصزأһΧΧκвɱκӺŮ׽κ

һʱ䣬˾ҲµķԬ
ֻΪáͽɵģְѳ˦ˣתͷκĴȣκȥͶ͢

ȴô

ɼܲסͣⲻͷ£ѷһּѺκ뾩߹ٺ»϶ٲ˵ġ

üһԴСĴýɼù⣬˵ܵľλûʵһıλֱӾ˳ĹԱా꣬Ҳδгͷ֮գ



ǰãʽָʹæ֮࣬˵˼¡

Ųڵӣ÷檡
ЩСҲһĹ򣬸ӣŮ㣬ϵĸԪ߸ӣĶŮ
ʱϷҲֲ˼ͬ檵£á޺ΪѹңϽţºˣһô࣬ưҹѰɡ

Űɣңܸˡ



ⳡңˣǽˣӮˣ˽ɽ



ĺæѾСûˡ
ǰգԬ֣ƻˣԳʮӭӣǺһһЯ˵֣ʾ׺

Ԭ屾˶˴˴󹦣飬ӷԨѧʿ֣˵ûʲôպ϶ܲ˵ġ

һϲҳ
ԴƻվͲˣ跹˼ʱŻ֢򣬹˶У̫ҽһ˵ʳƢθڸڣġ

伱һ꣬˼֣ͷãﰵ¶ˣɷáⲻӷɪʶʱо¥Źϵܡ
뵱żһԼҹŮʳлңû뵽ôˣ֪綼ɪлңٸʮҲҸʵ

Ϧ硣
һԬ֣飬˳Ƹɪӷ綨ס

ѸˣҲ˶͡
ɴ˽°ţѰ˵ܺĽͬһꡣ

֪£ǰ쿪ʼæⶨ˵һ׼õֲ飬ġ˵ܺ͵ϱġֶġġ

ֱʮ꣬ܺһĸͬĽˡ

ڴҹ٣Űպú˯һѾˣ֪ŵø˯ţΪ˻ֽģӣѻͻ²˱顣

ʱȥԺšʮȦ

ʱİ£ŵݹϢ˵Ľȵʷӹٺʹ̫̫Ӷϱǹ꣬ؼСһ÷ȡ֡СϷӳϷ󣬲ܳ

꣬ʷƫĽ㣬ܻڼй꣬͵͵Ľȥ˵ܼһȦ̫̫֪ʹ˳ʷ˵Ҳ뵣޵±ҲաĽж״һ£̫»ҪʷƴĽ㣬˳Ľĸȥ˵ܼңس檡



ȵʱ͵ڹеʱҼҳϦҹȱһˣڶĽӣеǡеİΡеİϣΪк˵ĸԸЩͭǮ˵С̫Ƥÿÿֻϴһ£רǮĳԣΪˣݺݳ˳

˵Լĸ谮ƫͭǮġ
ʱأܻ͵͵ǮȻ˲עһҧȻͳԳˣŴ͵ͭǮ˵԰ڣ˭ûأŰɣԺҪˡ󡣡

ûԺˡ
綼ȥǱĸ͸ˣ˵ͽ㳳ܣҲûˡ

ţӾˡ

꣬Ҳλݼˣֻܳ㣬ϵߵݣƣ㵱Тˡ

ʱ
Ҿȥ桢ڶæţȸܽЦ˵·˽ү歷˴ˡ

һϣһء
ҸæΧȹ£æҵ١֣վϷ̨µš

ҹ˵ͲͲȵģһ㶼о䡣

ڴʱͷŲ
һ²ͷ֮࣬ľƵƵ¹µĺ΢⣬ҿԺȺˡ

Ϊ׵ǴŷĴӣͷżɫƵ磬ִߵ崺ЦŽҵӭ

˵ŸʮкȽʰ޵ü񣬴ŰɵĽۣͷڣñǼⷢ죬ңװǰϲãæ֡
תЦųڰеƽҼ߶ʲôʱܼǰŵöˡ

˵⻰˵ܶӣһȳһյؿżĽ

Ľͷҿ°ᣬϴɫĶԽСϣڣ̧ͷңססʹֻϲң



֣ҵʮꡣ

˲䣬£Сӭȥ
ץסĽ˫֣ҵ׽㣬ķ˪δݰ֣òֻµװ£ǵ·һܹε
㡣
絶Щ꣬˶ίҡҶԲס㣬ȴûȥ㡣

ޣҲѴ
ĽҽĨȥĦҵĸ첲ĿҵĴϣЦͷ͵͵˵ˣ㻹ӡ

Ľ㽫ŵĴڻ⿪ͷСੲݵض˵Ҿѣֲ֪ĳߴ磬²Ӱաɼ࣬ǷǶ࣬ǿʲôʱңȥ˵ܼ϶˴꣬ŵʮ

ʲô
ץСӣ˾䡣
ǰڼʱĽֻ廨ʲôѡ

˺ˣˡ
˵Ĩȥᣬӱ˰ӣЦͷ

䣬Ǹĺ£˸ҿͷغҹ衣
æֶϸϸǸüĿĺúӣüۼͰ˵ܺ񣬴Ϊƶֻڼʱ̹⺢ӽЩ£̫ҽӴͷͶ

㣬󡣡
˵§סӣЩ⣬Цӵ϶Щ徭ѾԶһ飬ɽԺĹľж˵ġ˵ˣǺָߣǲμӿƿר飬Ҳһɾ͵ġ

ô
ϲæͳӴڲϣСӵͷЦμ棬ù񡣡
ǺŴӹҹ˸Сл
ݸ￴ʰ˵ܣúҶСأ
תĽ㣺㣬ûô

Ľ㺬ЦúһأҾͲˣӵײأҵļ㣬պ˵©Ͳˣž裬ֻ˵ҺԳĸ㡣

ҵͷ
һӹףۺʱεأ롣
ȻҼ˵ʷĽģҿĽ㣬˾䣺Ľأ

ĽĨ񣬵ûҸǰֳЦͷĳأ۲

ýɣ񵽵Ҳǡһô
еȭͷס
߼ҺһδǰҼ̸ͣͬʫ۴ʣǽüؽһ壬û뵽Ҽһ䣬Ȳزһţݺݴĥ˼Ľ㡣
ѼȻѾ֪ҵݣ֪ңյ壬᲻¸ҿĸͷͷСأ




49.  ж   һ

49--ж

ǲҵɫ, ˵ܴ˼Ƭ̣ŤͷڵԺضҵĶ, СضЦ, ֱ꣬, ڼˣһø߸˵ġǸĽ򵽵ж, Ӹλ, ڳ, պҲͬ˼, ͱ𡢱̫ѿˡ

Ľ死⻰Ӧ, ҵĸ첲شߣ˫ίʮ, סû, Ű˵, ң

˵û, ǧΪ, ӡҵľ, ͷ, ٲ, ҲֻǶԲסһˣûϵġˣ, ׵ˣżһƵģֵܶλ˳պǳʲô£ôǰͷҲиܰ˵仰ǣ

ĸŮ˻ᰮǿͷӣ֪ĽȫΪ롣


һЦˣˣʲôûŵá

˵䣬ǽ˻
ȸϽȥǹڵõƬóһҪǰյ÷ѩˮݲ裬ĽϲѸõţҲ˵ܸӳԣﻹů̿

㻹ǵϲȹƬ
Ľܵ˫ͨ죬װӣĨȥᣬЦңʹˣӾǳ˵˼㲻޵ġ

ʮģˡ
Ҳܵý
ͬͬĸ׽ãϲá
ô꣬ĽҹСͬľ㡣

ڴʱͷO@Ų

̧һƣӴ˸˽ˣʷ
żþµıɫӣŵţƤůѥŴ멣ţʮ˿ȥͬʮͷƫݣһﺬŹӾе΢룬߱Ǳò䲻ڣҲƵٶ

⳯ɨۣѸٿһۣû̧ͷЦδˡ

ǰ
ҵһЦӿĽͰ˵Ҹ첲֣źǰʷǰվЦ˵ȻƵת´ֶŮʮδˣټΰ

ʷһתĽ㡣
Ľ״æǰԲʲô٣˵öǽʲô

ûĽ㣬ӽǲߵĸۣʷһЦѵصϥ¹򣺡ĽԱȫøл塭ŶԣĽĴ¡
֣ҿ˵ñȽأݸЩذ㣬շ˵ܣǸ߼ҵĶġ

ʷסüûаѲðϣ°΢΢ŬŬʾĽϽҡ

ƿĽ㣬ԼԲĴӣһЦ檴ŸδСӣĸͷл

һδ˵꣬ʷͨһ£˫ַڵϣ¹ٵһˣΪ¹أⲻظô

ߡ
ҰһۣȻɫӦҲ졣
£
ŤͷĽ㿴ȥеڲǸĨЦƤ͵£ܿʧæȥʷһۣһˣʼ۸ˣպҲˣ͸ˡ

ϡ
ҼסϷ檣ĨᣬϥʷһЦ˺ҩƣҶˣдĪҪС״

˵ܼΣæǰԲңСװͰ͵ģ۸˽¶ִģҼսսŵֱĸء

˵Һʱ㣿
ӳСӵĸ첲

ⲻʹô
˵װĽޱ㣬˸ɱ⣬Ľ㡢أš

ҡͷЦЦ˳ƣ

ϦԭһӺòˣҺͺֵذѾԻ
ҺȻˣȸͺõźͽڡ塢ߦȵ׹һӡ

ڷϡ
˵ߦƤҺĽڶ֣еģԼ²˵ġ

һЦʮ굯ָһӼ䣬ټʱԳɼңɣͷǡ

̧ۿȥСЩˣƼϵƱżʱ£ҵ׼ȥϲĶ
ʷĬĬķϣյ裬ͷһԵغȡ

أ¡
ұ裬Һ޵ýʬΣĽأһˣܵ׵ǿҪĥ˼꣬¸ӣҹҹˣжޣڴ̫̫ڶ˸ǰıж

ôۿСӲףһƣӶѧ˵ģɼĽҹö౰΢

סŭ˸ͭǮһߺͽ˵Цһؿʷ˵˾䣺ҼǵҴ̫̫ԭҲͦãݴʷĵմŮ

ʷæЦŵͷ

ֻϧҺҲˣȥֵֶûһ
رҴ̫̫ҾҪ֪ĽҲ˸ˡ
Ҳûϵ
ߦȣߦƤüһЦ̫̫ãӶ۳ŰŮ˵ԶޣҵҲ

Ҽҵ£ġ
ʷƺЩţæ˿ڲ衣

һЦ˵˾䣺Ůã̫Ƥˣȥ㣬ƼСˣɰһȹȥˤڵأֶĽȭߣպһǸս佫ܸҹҫء

һ䣬ʷֶ£вˮЩ
ЦЦûбֳ»߷ŭؿңұ֤Сӱ̫̫簮ͷҲȷʵӣ¹ٻȥ󶨵ϼӹ̡ܽ

Ǿͺá
ЦЦӦ֪Ī˺ᣬ˭ֱˡ
ָٳڶ˿ڣ뿪Ц˾䣺ҽ㲻ҴˣѰ˼ˣŲأ


Ľץסҵ֣סʹɫ⻰ˡ

ҳ
ЦſʷʣС֪ôģ

ʷͷָڲ豭ĥϧ歶ô꣬ȷίˣߣҡҡȥա

һϲ׼ýȥ
˭֪Ľ͵͵˽ң۵ؿʷ̾˿Ц˵ʲô߲ߵĻǶӽ궼ʮˣȥĶأǼСģҶңҿͿģүҲƫţǶ󲻵õĸˣⱲӾҵˣĪҪˣȻɾˡ

ɡ
Ҳġ
֪Ľ϶ǲԸģûҪΪҼ͡ġ

պȻˣ˭˵

˵ҿɿΣӣ㲻ܾøѧʶԨôӻδ¹Ҳѵã飬ø̡

˵⻰󣬰˵ͬʱץסҺĽ֣ЦģǸ߸˵ģܵܲλͭǮĽȫǵġ

㵹ԡ
Ц˾䣬ɨȥʷ΢΢죬ס͵Ľ㣬һסһűëʫʮĵظ⡣
ˣᣬպվЩһĽӡ


Ľսңʣϻذ˵ͬ˵ˣ˵㵱гȥ󣬱һٵүˣ껹檷ޣɡôͶһˣɷ֪ô

⡢⡣
βѣͷӡ
㣬ͱ˰ɣǰҪ

ܵø˵˵ɷ˭ϣЩúòãûп㣿ûŮ
Ľ㵽׹ңҺܶ⡣

Ǹ仧ֵһᡣ
Ҷ䷢ȣԸشб˵ܣЦԣ˵¡֮ǰ½ҴлӷɪҿǷ˾ţ֮ŸԩǣϺߣ¼ˣŵ

ڴʱžһ
ŤͷȥʷȻˣ˲ŲæʰҲûң˵˾䣺磬һ֣Ԭ˿飬򡭡
ʷĨ⣬Ǹлү͹ףų̫ү۰ãѡض

ԡ˵úء

˼ˣлֻƬȫѵĹ͡
ҲƽЩ
ĦŰ˵֣ܵЦֻҪ˵ܡĽҵļ˶ãҾͺáǾһԼȳ׷ŵжǿ϶ֵġ˵繫Ǹ߼ҺôҲоλ˲ǣ
ʲѣŰ˵ֲܴڵ֣ۣҲ鷻ˣƣ۾찾ˡ

˵ȻЩ㵡

Ľ㼫ˣǲģ
˷ͣǾȥĸֽȥϢ



һӦţһ߿ʷ
ûٲ廰ҲûκαϲƼż⣬ֱ˸첲һ̨Ц߹ȥ±˵ø㡣
ɾǫ̃ʱȻ֣˵һˤڵأ̨Ӧ䣬һǡ
ʷǸ⣬æӱᣬ壺úӣøˣû㡣
ţʷĿǷƵ̨ϣ̾˿Ħͷĳӣø⺣ⶫͲģĪҪǿˣվԽߣˤûԽذ

ίˤ۵ĸ첲Сع˾䣺ֶҲûҪ̨͡Ϳһۡ



֪ʷڰʾңĪҪҪλ
ҲţӦ˷˵Ϊж

ڴʱӽ˵үˡ

һϲվ֪óȥӼݡȰϴˣͷһƣԼĪаʮӡ
ҷԸȸϽȥȻҴҲ֣ͦŶ߳ȥ·ʷʱͣ½Ųʲôû˵ֻЦЦ



ݣϲЩ֬˳ȥ
ԶҾͿѡ
Ǻǰһǰͷƣںͷ˷ϲ¾ˬɣϴ멣δڻ£žɫŸʳУһɵϲ

ЩСĵˡ
Ѽ߼ңҡͷЦЦôմ棿
ָҽϵȥӺסңȥ޵ĸӣæˣϲԵĸ㡣

л¡
̵ģЦǽӳԣͿˣˡ
ҿʷЯĽ㡢˵ܹſڣæ͵͵šѵСϰյļ磬ɱˡ

ЦŴӦúȥˡ
ûһ֧ʹ̧֣źľӽȥֽɫز˵ڵĽӶȥ
ѽ˻һƣϯҵģҵˡֶġ

б𰡡

ûֳһ˹˳عݣζ
³檺Ľ㡢˵һġ
ҸѼֻӣѳ´׸ȥպųԣЦųֻϲüңͳöͭǮҾϲ޳Գʲôˣ

ϲ¡
æЦӽ̫ƽ̺塣


ѴЦһӣͣϲǶҹⱭø
˵Ѹιֻӣɨ۵ϯϾִٲʷˣЦңǲֿˣ޿۾ģаʱ÷

ű£Ĳ̫㡣
͵͵ץסȣҧ´мܺͼžۣĶл³ȫ

ЦЦգգۣʾڳӸǰЩ
ôĪҪнϽȳԽӣЦ˼ʷпɺã˰˵æʲôӪǰӱƪ־򡷣˼⣬ţӦԡ

մã⺢Ժ˲ãӶǿ£

Ц̼䣬Ҹѵ˱ƣб˵ܣЦڹ˹檵ĵܵܣʲôأ

һ˵꣬Ϳϯϵͬʱͣ꣬÷ˡ

͸լӣ
ָ棬Ц

û

ѼɫЦЦûЦţȴȥ
ǰľƱãЦ޺ȶˣҪ˵ܷˡ

䣬ʷǰ£ʱ£ιʷ

ǵסңҵĴӣЦй޻˻ӣԵ

⻰˵һëҵĹǴлҵôͳ˻ˣУôоŵӣ

⡭ƺװɡ
ʷԥƬ̣صָǻǳ顣

ʲô÷ġ
Ѻ˿ھƣüһּɣšΪжĪҲھԣô͸լӡ

ԽԽţ˵ƫ̻Һ͸߼ңɡⲻó£ӵָʹⰲŴ㣬ͷϰ˸Īľס죬԰˵ܣô׷ˣ

أҺȻ𷽲ʷʾľ仰ԭͲĶԽߣˤԽݡ
ɣҾǲģӦ˵ġ
ԣ㡢㡭
ҺԽ٣ˣξգҺݺģ㻹л¶䣿

˵һȻ֪룬ŵףðĺˮȻͨһڵأĽŷأºͽ۲񣬲ʵҵ
˵Ĩȥ˫ȭ߬ס񲻹о֮Ĳܰ䲻ܿʵڲܱµ

⻰ָƱڣЦҲ̫ǫˣ͡ԺǸʲôܵġ

ջּ⡣
˵ͷҵأۼ䣬ʵ޷ٳһ͵ΩԸƿС󣬽Ƕ˵ĵպȥ߿ƾ֮·ܸܲУȫǵ컯

Ҳ̫ˡ
˿ھƣָڰ˵ܸǰЦ⺢Ӳ޿ԺܳϮжľλ

ºαǿѡ
˵͵غ⻰Ȼ鴤ֱð˫Բɣƺʲôµ£ڵغţؽҧҧѪŵ֮ޣҡףôˣĹãַˣ
ĽҲżˣȥס˵ܣŰ˵ܵԣҺݺ˵ܵУŵѣԹ⺢ӵ꾭ôһ⣬˲ʮηЩ£ºαš

ǸŻĽҪѿڶʷۼֿ죬סĽ졣

ˣǲҪˡ
ҲǼ׼ȥ˵ܣͱס֡

ʱҿ˵ܻҵĴĿڷŰӵİϣƵĴڳȥһץ˵˲䣬ͳ˽ε׼˵ܣҪ֣ѿæյڻʵǰ

ԣ
ҼòУ⺢ӵôˣҪʲô
ҿ˵˫ͨ죬૲֪˵ЩʲôȻһǰڵأһѽؽˢˢȥָͷ
ףһʼ֪ôˣŵò֪룬նָͷʹĲҽУѪһأ˹ȥ

ҪλҪλ
˵ܽرסӣŲ˵ãȻĴƿˣˣܷܲŹ߼ңŹҽ㣬ˣҲҪˡ

絶ʣѿѵ֣ҧ

ҡͷ̾˿ʹϧ⺢Ҳ̫ˣԸ˵ǣοԼĶӡ





50.  ںη   Һˣؼ

50--ںη

һسĵһ, ˡ

ϲʼѪ

ɱֿЦǲǣ

˵ǰа, ּ̫ҽԺԺȥս, ʵҽտչҵ, ó

ԭΪأԺд˺ҽΡ

̫ҽڸֹѪˡιֹҩʱ˵˾䣺ӵ, кõһ, ؼǴ˵Ĳҽ, ͬ, ƽڼûʲôģһŻ, ϶ըڼĲҩҽⲡ֢Ķ, ֻб֪ҪԼ뿪, ͬԼͽ⡭

ҵĲ, ȫҵĴ

˵Щһֱƶ, Լ˵, һʳһư, ª, ֡ƶֵ, ʧֻΣһǴ鷻ңһξǽҹ

ϱͬһ, ¾Ҫ˵˵ǸʵͽĹɷͶӶشόıʹӣ˵һҲչ˲
ǣҰϵԺдҽΣټҺȸˣܽչ˺á

𣬾˵˵ܰѶ͵Ժȥˡ

̫ҽ˵룬ЩĽʷʹŰ˵ܻȥˡ

Ҽֳȥ͡

ʱ³һˡ

ҹ²ԲһĨڵסޱȣֻغޱȵĽŲ

紵Ūҵͷ
ҽĳڶŤͷ໺ʻĳݿȥĽʱڳŰ˵ܣĸһĦŰ˵ܵؿڣС˵ܲδȫѣͬ㣬ੲݵ˵һҪȥɱˣһֿޣһҪӡ

Ҽֱ絶ʣ˫ǧʯ
ʷһֱĬĬ࣬ˣȰңأĪҪʹ̫ˣ·ͻȻ˭Ҳûϵ⺢ӺȻ᷸

ôֲ
˵⻰ʱֶڶ


ʷص̾˿һһʧ٣Ͱˡ

£ʷĬã˫ͱУ۾ճյضźڰԶѾɳڵĺ£⺢Ŷȵ˳ӣ̫үףֶŮ˭Ǹ߼ҴϹϵ֪ң޲ҵ⣬ҵѪʱҲԼǸˡ

ʷĨ˰۾΢ЩһǺŸҵĳ˰˳ȥ歶̣ˣңɲòʩӡ𽵹ȥдкҰٰ㼥˵ǼҵıӦ

ء
ȭͷ߬סָжȻ

һǲ̣Щӣ̫үҰǽҵԣ𼱣۵ڶܾˣԸ˼ˣһֱҿͷлҡ˭֪ڶоʹϢǽһһȥʬ
ʷĦųڣȻݺᣬʲѣɵʱ򿴼߹ʬ壬ֺޣס죬˵֣ʵֲüСΣǿ˻ȥһȥ͵һֱ߶ˡˣһֱԼû£ûܰʱȳȥ

ҿ޵üѣΡ

ҶԲס歶
ʷ˿歶ҲֻǸʲôĹֵֵûˣó߼ңԲˣøΨһĵܵܿʹңҲֻίعȥӣʩԮ֡

ģĺޡ
Լ˵ܵ˲ԼûѵʱĽ㣬ʷû٣ϻʵѳ̫
ٺޣʱҲֻʲô˵͵ӿʱϥʷһ񣺡α׽ĻҾͲ˵ˣҲţ㲻ҸѿģںôһˣСǰеĪҪƽϡ

ҵȻ
ʷæ

˵ꡣ
ҴʷĻͷչĽ㣬Ǹڸյˣʲô˵Ҳ˹㡢ü̫̫ĥˣʵڲУҳӣլӣҸͷȥʲôܹ˵Ĳ겻ʲôĶɣң


ʷص̾˿ĬãҼбľȻ㿪˿ڣһῼǵģͱˣҪúչԼӣ歶ߣտţǽֻҪˣԺ歶ͻá򲻵òһ䣬򲻴Уġ

˵⻰ʷˡ

һֱվӿڣĿͳ뿪ֱˣĬĬת
͵ط֣ʱվڷֲڣÿ·ڣһʱסˣôߣ

Ȼһֱҵȸǰסҵĸ첲Ŵ󸹱ߣˣǸûؼˡ

Ŷ
ĬĬصͷûһʧͱȸҽǲˣ

ԭΪȸϴŴ°㣬е˵ˣؿðˡ
ûУȸǰƽ񣬴սҼ֣̾Ǽ磬ĶǷ˵׹⣬Ҳֻý㡢֪ܵúãүĳ谮Сӡǰ;ѾܸǳˣǿŰˣʵʲôѽ

ҿЦû

үҲ߯ˡ
ȸҵ֣ȡůмԹ˲֪ū·һ·ΪүǸŵŶرܹļЦͷ˴룬̥ۿүǻպ϶æù˲˳һ䣬ֲҪͷ۵ȸꡢʮֺηأοࡢο㡭

̫̰ˡ
ޱЦ

û 
ȸȻͷڵʯ·ūʵĽֵÿԹذūС빬ˣֻ֪ؼĸ˺ˣֺˣǵˡūҲ֪Ϊ˭
ȸ쳣ʱū룬Ͼūһˣ·ˣȥҲû˼ǵū᲻ūⱲӺͦû˼ġ

̧첲סȸͰҵɼˣ߸˵ػŰɡ



ԶҾͿڴſڡ
ˣԭŵЦóɨ̨ףҽȥȰң˵½ˣ˼ͷˣҲûҪΪѰү˼û뵽ᷢ£պ󶨻úòүӵġ
˵ˣ»δ󶨣үǻǰǰģҲҪⲻүδˣ꣬䣬ͼžۣæ깬£ҲæǶ˶βģġ

Ұϴ£˵Ҷ⣬ɹշһ⣬㵱빫Ȳˡ

ԭǲѣһȥˡ
ȸȥƫŻ˯Ȼһˣȥ˻

Ҷ֪Լôȥġ
̿ȼŷúҴͷŰΧҴܣͳҹʱһ޶ֻϵĶָѪûˣ˷ķȥˡ

̧ȥѴʱźľϣűƷɫԲƣҽˣæ±ӣʶǾǸºص

ˣ

š
ǿֳЦ

Ǹɡ
ѳ֣ɨϵʳЦûڣ㡢㣬ٳЩɡ


Զ̩ɽǰɫģһ㶼ǵ÷ԼҵܱܵƵľɲǵֶָ




һع֪ЦЦ
ģһ̶ӴǸңӦðԹ䣬ȻԼĴ檲ʱҪþýǼ磬͵ˡ
һҿƺ˿΢ЦſңŲطߵĺ棬ʾǰ
ԼҲ֪ʱʤ֪˵ʲôͱֳĬʲôҾʲô˵ʲôҾʲô

Ҳ֪ôˣԼվںľǰĶ棬һ
ҶϵĲˣ澫°а˱Ѽᡢ¹ҺͰ˵ܡĽ̽ӡ


Ѽסˣỽ꣬˿Ѹ⣬ݵߣҲæ£Լ˸̨£
̫ˡ
Ҩź˰ף¶ȣЦŸ͵ߣҵĴݸܵŨɲ֪أҾǺ£һڶԲȥ
ǲ̫
ѳһЦԵʲôȥ

ҾãⱲͣݸһЦǵˣ½ˣЩЪŰɣ檡ԼȥŪԵġ
˵⻰Ұ̽Ӷߣת˲䣬¡


һ㶼뿴ҲԸҼ˰Ľӡ

ԼĿƲסƢ

ƵĴӻ뿪첽С
δϨ𡢹ˮţĿĵߵǰ鶹׼Լԡ
Ų˵ճյȥɵǻ˵ҲŲ˵ָͷ
ҾҺħˣȻԶָ᲻ۣҰ̯ƽڰϣؾ˵ڴʱĲ˵͵ضߣͷһǴӡ

ҹģǱ𶯵
ӰѲ˵װǵؿңĿȻڽϣϲͺóԣ֪Сûڸ

ˡ
˵

û¶С綼ˡ
¿ȦûҵӣֱȥץųԣһԳͭǮͭǮ̰Ц
򰥣ǲζСᷢƣ

ǰɡ
ӦźѵߵķǱߣ¡
Ҿ޳ǣŴӴá

ĪҪѹ
һ߳ţһߵС˷ŻͰүȥѾˣС˵֣СˣĪҪ𣬹˭ûиְѣԺ϶˳˳ġ

εصͷĬĬᡣ

ү˵ֻҪһƽƽġ



̾˿ӷڰϣԼѲ˲䣬ү˵Ѿû˸㣬ʧȥˣһúúñӡ

˲޳ôƲס
ҴԼĴӣԼ׵廨ЬĽšһǰδеƣ۸нû

ҿӣЦݳҳ󸮣ðСԺɽҰˡȥ¹ۡ
ҡͷЦ˵ĴӣҺˣؼˣҵļĶұһˣļҡӰܰҴԭ𣿡

䣬ҾͿѽˡ
ɫܲãոƵĺ죬ƺŭӻ֣ôӳȥ
ߵҸǰȱߣḧҵĶӣͷؿңЦʣôģҪ޶ȥ






51.  һγ   ڸߣ

51--һγ

ǡ
, ˵ˣˡ

ʲôû˵ذҶϵƿ, ǿЦŵ˵˾䣺ñ
Ҳ뿴, Ҳ۸ߵֻͣ㿪, һ˾һ룬߿һޡ
Ͷǰ, , ߡ


Ѳؿ, Ĩҡ
, ϥǰϸؿҵ, ̧ȥĨҵᣬĴָϴŵİָر¡
, 㡢ѵߣð޹һڳ

ʵᷳס, һЦ, , ·ѩ, ȥĶ
˵⻰, ץסӷ, ѵ, ˭֪һˣǵǰ, ֺҲеϵǹɷԽʢˣֻǻסͷ΢Цţתƿ׼ߣϸ첲Ȼץס

ȥĶ

ĶҲȥ

պȻˣ˭˵

סɿҵĸ첲ץסŤͷĴҿĿڰϵһ໨ϴϺʡ
ڷſңæ𣬶Ц㲻ϲԳôΪæôգûԼڣ϶ˣ޸ϺʻȳΣ

ƣ
һƣ档

ȭͷס֪ʼ١
治ˡ
ϥ΢΢˸װʲôûҧЦǸ檲ȥһϾζŨˣúúЪϢ檵չҲ˲˵۳ˣҹѩúܣҪعϢա

ڸߣ
ѲŵһЦ

ûа
ǲ˵ͷ׼ȥ
˭֪һѽСŹϣԶſڣЦеؿҡ
ұԡ΢Цȥת񣬴ͷóͣһС飬ĨֱȻվ¯ǰһµļرãΩ˫ɴֻ̫࣬ЩڣһܻͿһ㣬¶֬УȻϴˣͿӣԱ

ҿֵʱЦ߹վߣסңȤΣɲ̿ĸ㣿

Ц

ǰ
ҵͷ΢ЦȻͳӣϵĨȥһ׼ߡ
֪һѽ§ס§رԼӣҲ֣°͵ҵľѣýܸܵڱǺϵŨرܡ

ޡ޽ĺ̫ˣ˵û

Ц
ðɣΪҰ˵ܽӾλ˳ңұзǷ֮룬һͦ

ã檴óŪѾ
Һƽ˵仰Ūˡ

㲻ϲŪôţ
ૣ˵Ż绰ҵĶ°ͣḧҵĶӣôŰɣ˵Щһֱ鷻УĹ־ϸСдüã³ּظĲ飬ЩƫͿ̰ȫ٣ʱ޻һѧظ˵ܻУ޻ȳУ飬һγɾ٣ٹӣ٣һͶˣҲ顣

ԽܣסһЦ⵹ˡҵܵ˵ѾϰªӣͻȻĸܲ
һЦĲˣλسҷı˺ܶ࣬ңʵҪǿģ˵ҪԼ߿ƾ֮·㡢Ҿúܺá

ǡǡ
һæмպûٲμӿƿʵǡۣôŰɣ޻һּûϵǰӼŵӣѧ֮һ·ߣٷԣʦպһɾ͵ġ

õġ
ᷳؾܾѾ챻ˡ
ҼǸѧĺӣ͵ĥԣ治øŴ

ʷĻ̌ƽޡ
Щؿһһ

òá
ҷҽ֮ĽѾӦˣͷҽ㰲øңظ»Ƶģҽ㵱ʲôƽޣֻҪһã޲

Ȼץסҵ˫ۣҡңͷۣңң㵽Ҫʲô˵Ҫʲô޶㡣

ʲôҪ
ŤͷܿƵĿ⣬ƣ۵ˣֻϢŹҺòá

ǶԹ
ѺȵңСšŭس嵽ǰվʲôã޸λܽӵסôãһжҲˣ׽ɣ۳ˣżѵ²⣬ƾʲô̧Ǹ߼ңʱضϸ飬ǽż֪㻳УܷŹ㣿ͷ˵ܺŴ¥ִ£ضСԾԵʣΪ㲻ô˽ֻǸ߼ңİŮˣҪʱʱ̿վ޵롣

⵹ҵĴˡ
ûˣηͷǲŵģͱŵ˵ˣҽֻһ죬ѵѸ£ͬ˵һ䣬ڻܷ⣬ҿ϶Ҫһֶᡣ

Ҳصᣬû¼¿ûȻӰöǺѪH檸㽲һʲô¿¿ܴ˻۾ɸӣߵܲɵǺĥһֱΧĥתֱΪֹ

һ㶣Ȼû뵽˳Ȥһᷢ
÷䣬ϵȫϣ˵һأЦбۿңڿࣺɱָɣֺٰ̬ޣɲҪʲôô޳ٸһͲסˣ

ǡ
ҰһۣûǱ檹Ҳ檳裬Ʊ磬лԬЩ˸ǰ˵һ죬ܸ£ԣ檻.ƵֺֽУڴ㣬˰ɣȡ裬˭Ҳ˭ѿ

㡢㣡
ͨ죬뿪ڲңҲĶ֡
ĿҴϣĵǴˣȻ㻳С

Ҵŭ
Ľ˵߶շԼ־ӣҲȥˣһᣬ¶ӣ廨Ьŵ޵аھͰⶫڳȥһ쵽أҲף綼뻳ˡ

ͬ޳ͺӹȥ
ήһأԼ̨£޾Ͳö̫ãò֪Լλá

Һã
ۣʮֵ
ţ𶯣ǧ𶯡
һƿţ˳ȥ
ȥ֣ͷһԺˣԺдˡӡȸɹˡǼҳˣһϣ·𿴼ѽңŵøæͷһҳ
ôҲѧǽˣ
ص˦ӣϷѡ̡ںңôͶ̥
ţֿʼˣЩ۵ģûͿѩˣطڹ¡˵ģˤޣмԴ

æ졢ȥƵƣĪҪˤűºͷˡ

ûϷ󣬴򿪹ӣЬȫ£һ飬żҴҳسммԺˣҲü
ұѣվ̨ߣſʢŭѣЦҺãЦ˵Ĵˡ
ץһ㣬ǰҡǸռʱġ
˵껰Ҿӽ¯ѼȼڵϸߣԶûĻҽӡ¡Ь桭һȫȥ𣺡˭˭ãԼ˵Ժô԰˵ܺ

㡢㡭
Ѵŭҵ֣ǿнָͷϴĽָߣ£赽¯ǰģҲϡаڿʼˡ
ָ̧ۣͷ߰ھߣ޻᲻㡣

ЦΪߣ
ԭתȦָͷؿڣԺӺȫһģϴ¿㶼һһģҼңҪҲߡ

㡢㡭

ʲô㣡
˫ֲþȫ𣺡ڽϳʮ꣬㳳ҵģ

һһףǺȭͷ߬סЦãߣ̤ԺУټ㡣

üˡ
ͷټأ

޾͸գ
һ˦ӣšߡ

ҷ׷˳ȥվСſڣҴҵ뿪ıӰȵ˵㻰ˡˣҲټ㣬Ҫټ㣬ҾͲˣǹ





52.  ǽ¾   ңң

52--ǽ¾

ʱѾüյ, ںСԺյ˼֡

ҿѽŵƵߣòҲ֪ɫ϶, Ҳ֪ô, ԽҲмһˣҾԽǻ, ׷ȥҵġҵģ񻹰Ҹ̱, 󷽡, һô, ûôˡ

ѾߵԺſڵȻͣ½Ų, ص˦ӣŭ, ǲͷ

һ紵öĺڷ·Ȼ, סĿڣŻ, һƿǰĺ, ֳǽ, ڵ

Դк, Ӿ൱, ǽżζ, , 罫³Ļ֮ζüһӺҾƵ, ǺԴۣһ
סӣǰڿࣺüˣͶˣȻҪһأҼҵĶȫˣֻҪҴɨ

˵ţǱţѺȸŵĲС
˫ֳɵ״ɥģˣ˵գѱˣʲôأ

ֱӣվ̫ͣε˼ץסĸ첲վȣתָң㡢㡢á
ֱһְۣŵĺ߿ͷСԺȵع



ˣĸ뿪ˡ
СԺ˲·룬ü

վԺһƬհף֪ǽˣԽңеڳѿ֮죬ѿڶġøһҵڵСԺͷûɬѶϷ
ɣøôˣҪǲã綼÷奵ЩС̻ˣҪǲãôֿտյ·ݼҵҪǲãôҪˡôЩ̾򽻵ôӯ䣬ãһá

᲻صšصСѰֻӣ¯ǰӣ޵ýʡ

֮ǰδңҴۡ̽ҵҰģ
磬תͷȴܾװܣһҹ
Ŵºɱģ׼ƿ׶졣

ҹϦʮļžۣúõģӲҰ˵ܵķ財˳ָ

뵽֣Һ޵ץһ˫ЬüӼ㣬Ҿ˺˺ҧȫ̿ͨ¯أҿϻ֮ǰĺִˤ¯

̫࣬յòðҰ׵Ụ̃ǺֱԲѡ
ľ̫ѿ
ҲӲҲΪһ㣬ڽֵôѿ

ֳ̨ߣʱֺһţ۵Ҫ
ô˶
ȭͷ̨ۿޡ
ģǲƽϡңԺô԰˵ܺΪʲôҪôҡ

ڴʱȸڱ𣺡ˡ

һ˴òá
ס𣬴ȸ
ҿһεϣοʧ



أҲ֪˶ãҵƽ

Ŭȥɾ̲ס

ҵĻƢĻоʮ⣬ǹС㣬ҲմȾ̻ʱĺܴףЦǺǵذң˳ҿЦ˵Լοͣ
кܶԼĻϰߣܻ᲻ɫһһҳ·ʱ򣬰ЬӸӹ

ʱĺңܻţ֪Ҫˣߵʱ³ңţһ
֪Һ䣬ڹʱź䣻
Ǵ£ˣɹǸҽˣҹһһҽ̣Ϊͣ

ǽΡ
Ҳ˵ܷ£˺ѿ



дҲǺ޴ȷʵûйǵ

뵽ˣæ¯˴ѡ觴ԼС£硣
ҴѻǴյûȵ鴮Ӳɾ´ϣ

ʵĺܺá

䣬ҺȻⷢ춯ŵͿ¡
תǱȥȻſ
͵ؽŴ򿪣˭֪ѣֻһӰƵˣεЦųҹһ׷ȥˡ

ҵʱסŤͷſڵȸʣſվ˶ã

ȸСʱˡ

һţ뷢ȴ̶޹ȸֻԹôҡ

ȸЩίūȥ˵ˣүҲū

ˡ
һӻ֣ȸȥ׼Щֹҩһȥ

ʱ·𳹵׵罫µĴҡһΣٴιһվСԺѹֻȴƽࡣ

Ҳ
໥Թޡڿࡢáκ⣬˴һʱ䡢о侲һ£



һϴ˷»ѣȻȥ˸ڵƫ

ѾʼƮѩ˲쬵ġ

Ժд˾ֹҩҩðҵϣܿ࣬溢۵ֱޣκվſڣҽȥ

ܿЦǲǡ
ݶĸˣһȻẦ¼Ѫʮָģƽָе۵ҪǸʮĺӣöʹ࣬ĸöܡ

ԥãĨᣬƿŽȥ
ԺдƼˣһ񣬹˳˳ȥ

ұͷʶһŨѪȺҩζֱұڣϰɴҩͼӣϵǻµѪ崲ŸüĿкҵֶ--

СҰף亹͸£üͷָֻѾãظڱϣ۵һֱᣬҧסӣҶҽˣ﷢衣

Ҽ߹ȥûߣŪúӸۡ
ڡ
Ӧҵؿӵӣȴһ۶ɾ˫۶ӡ
ûµģǺҩͲˡ
ҵͷӼٽҩ֭˭֪žһᾹҩС

ãޡ
˿ذοҡ

˲䣬ԼˣҺصԼһ⡣
úӣԲס㡣
ţ̵ҩ֭ʹʽУԹǹĴ

š
ѵصͷ֪ˣ˺ֻ볤ööӣѲá
˵ƶָ𴲱߷ŵɴҵĪޣ䲻£֪۵ͺġ

Ĳ֪ô˵
˵Ľ˸öӣ̫ϻ۶ˣԽԽҩסޡ

á
ҡ

úӣ˵
æչȥĦĸ첲

ؼҡ
ؿң޵ۣ

֪ĺίľԼס
ӯҡ

úӣù˵
ҨֹҩιظĨȥߵĲҩ壺ʱ䣬ڹùˣµĺúӣˣҪչˣĸ׼裬ҲҪչˣʱ˲㣬ùõĴүүȸ㣬ǰúٻȥвУ￴ġ

⻰ȻЩԸ⣬̽˵ҪȥԼ״̫õĵʹٲԸҲ˵ͷҵǺðɡ

ŵ¡
һúչ͵ү¸һλᣬչҵİ˵ܡ
ǸɵӣΪҺ˲ϣȬһҸ⡣



ȸιֹҩ˯ҲδطЪϢƫȸ鷿˱𾭣ĥī

Ϊܿİ˵ܡĽ

ֻңдüʲݣһһŵֽʱѾ˺öֽš

ԭⲽ
£ɸҸѡ
ҵң谮ңҲƺķӦĿܣҾúҵĹϵйأ۳Ԭ÷˴󹦣ȺٻسձضãԬսбȨģټҽύɪӷ׺񡭡

ҧŴָ϶ӣüͷ΢壺СıɲżҲܼҲѣҲְ˵ܡ

ҺȻˣɡ
̽ڶңƩԭ̫ҽԺԺж̫ҽҵӡҷѵȣһ׼ҪӼҼҪֻϺٰһ˼·

ϣ̨Щװʼдţ

´磺
տɺã
Ŵ󵹸꣬ҩٱɱκһֲݺһӣ˵Ϊ׷ɥ֮ȮڶڱŶһ٣ӿɺãûɣ¿Ϊ͢˴󹦣¶ʹѽ

ΪӯĹϵҺϺȻȻ׽٩䣬д

ڳһжãСӵ죬̫͹ǵһӣȫ˽ݣݺݴЩǵɼܲס³ţھСϴҳ軵ݵ֪ߵغ񡣶ˣǹϲ㣬˸װֵŮĴүȡãϣҲű˽´͵ģա

ҽӯϸϸдɣȻʼдԼ£

´磬СУµӡ
統ϣȻգǸѶԸġˡСüĵЦСûϲ

ҽһ£ҪдɣлŴ¡ɴ»нҹָ֮£дҴ·֣ԼĴӣ̾˿д

Сü裬ȴվ۳űǲС֣ĪЦСöҲʵԸȥһĵطֻǺӲ֪ΡСãվǸ˽ӣСõĵһ£֣ӣС˼ǰ󣬾ñ»Ὣӱߣ֣¡
´磬См꣬һ㣬壬ңۿ÷СҲˣСʵڽĵòУκθǰʵûˣ֮ǰĽһ䣬գСҲûεĻǳ´磬´ָһ

ǧ鲻Ըյôţٴףһжá
顣

дźҰȸװ˵Ҫѱµϸȫʰãһȫȥôһȡ
ڳεĻǴӣŵͳȥûԵɣ֪ңҡ

ȽЩʰ޺úƿţ߳ȥ

ʱѩţԺѾ˺һ㡣
ȥñѩģһϻʵ۸üݱˡ

ү̫ү¡ѣҪǻˣңңݡ






53.  ̽÷   һ

53--̽÷

պ

ѾоŸ, ӴˣҲ׾úܣô˵أǸоʱ, ÿսŵҪ

˵ʵ, ¡
һʱѪô죿Ӻô죿
У˳ˡ
һ̫С, ô죿ô죿

ÿÿ뵽ˣҲɵԹ, ԴϦҹ֮, һζû, 仰û, ġ
Ǻ˽ҼΣҴЩƷ, ҷſģ˵ʵرңϲ˵, Ȱңҹ, , øӡ

ҾͲ, ҵҪ˭ȵͷ
ʱո, ҵĹ

ʵѲҲԵʵ, ĺæ
ϻʵԦ, ǰ̳дͳ, Ԫƽ˵йԱʱδ䶯, ȵ۵Ҳδ䶯

֣˴֮оӹΰܳ谮Ĳ˵һ죬ԹԣƵİô꣬ΪһӣȥΪСص˸

ҲûҲûȥЦſοֻǵ˵˾䣺κѺ뾩ٿҪҪ֮λ

ô⻰һܼҵʱƨҷˣʵøƵģ˵κ˷뾩֮·̫ƽüζǿɱ֣ÿ÷ֶΣűסκһ

κ뾩ˣگҲ֪ʲôκ屲ģδɱҲɱȦڳ԰ΪΣóŰ벽

κͷɱͷһ䣬ְ֮һһģóġ

˼ǣκȦ˲ܼһҾҶʲôû˵˶ƫҶŴպλͬ϶ܲˡ

֪Դ˺Ȼֲֹö˶˵Ļļ̣ҹʱجξѣô޵ˣģٳţ·˸Ƶġ

Դˣֻ˵
ǸӲı͵׼á¶Ǿĵ



˵
ҵɷ÷奣Ҳˡ

ʵƲİ޶ԹʱҲͦģû뵽ܴһĿʶߵڣͦģԽǩƽЭ飬סκնɱӡ
˵̰ĸ۸ǰȻӪⲻѺ·ϣķṦΰһҹʹ˳ĴСʲôذ᲻ɡʲô÷˰ӣԼ᲻óԺȣеǮȫɢա

˻δȴ졣

;δԬ˳Ҳģѣ˵÷Ȼʹ󣬿ɵΪȴ;ȷʵκһ̫.ּͬҲٸߣ˹֮ĻֻȦδɱ֣÷Сȴκ¾˸ɾ˲ĳá

ôĦ֮ˣ֪ʵ޵ζնݳ÷ˣ˱⡭ǣЩѣӵʵ÷ɱģж÷˸ʲô֪

͢ܻΪЩ۸û꣬ⲻ÷奵Ĺʱˣ֪λǽɱ÷סǰɵĸլּŻա

ֻᣬ



۳÷奱ضڳΪ٣вһ¾ˣڴ֮ǰұ뽫½ˣһе˽ģҵҪȥ÷奣Сӻܲס

˷˾µķ٣˴ѹߵС˷ܵ緹ûüԣͳţҼֽ˼ӣ׷˰֣

öӡ

ҳȸĸ÷
ڵɣŽգͷҵĶԭֱӽŽȥһϲǳ۾һͷβʢ÷˸󸹱ûɶһɧҲŲء

һֳ
ŪСţһһӣǰ׵ģǺģ
ţҲЦȻ˵÷͵͵ӺųȥˣҪҪйأ

˵ãǸűǡ
һʼһΪҪȥ󸮼ӯ䣬û룬ȥԬԬ塣
⣬нǡ϶ݣʶģҲֻԬˣϳţȻðͽᡣ

ڳָпƣǰͷªΧԸŸʮӡ

һʱ䣬һˣ·صʮǰ
ʱͶСϷ¸Ҳһ죬سǲпˣ¿ȥĳʳұӣԸϳ˵ͷ䣬ǣ¿Ӱɡ
ͷȻһЦĶϱЩֻأͰͷɡ

ڴʱŪ¯ȸһѣǵʣˣôˣ

۾һЦûʲôղɰˡ

Ȼͣˣ˵÷ԭȥԬ˵ģ֪˸ŸԬ˼ſڽӼ

ҡͷһЦ
ѵʱ۵ûԬ桰˵÷ǧ˿ƵĹϵڼҼһҲ޷ģֻǵ׽ǷǺأֹͷ˹ധ飬ڼſȴҲеˡ

Զҿ÷ӳŸС
һδʵδйı仯òǼڵģɫ멣ͷϴŷ̸ֹֻƺЩȷʵǸ˵ӣһ¶棬ǵ˲Ŀ

üͷýƺǧǧ£Ԭſĵš
ûһԬˣδԬҲûй仯ȳڣӳխ־һۣɹ˺ܶ࣬еˣһǹ֮

ЦűȭЦ̣ԶҲ֪˵Щʲô÷奵Ŀͣƺ˵ˡ⡱֣Ԭҡҡͷĸ첲ǰο˵棬÷好ԬԬЦžܾס

˷ֱʱҵңңһ䣬Ԭ˵аţ÷ĪҪżˣڳԵ߾ȫæѰ



棬Ҿˡ
ûм÷奣ҲûмԬ壬ֱؼҡ



ϣ˯ر̤ʵ
һΪӴ޷ߣ
һΪ÷奡
˷ǲľٺദʮ꣬Ҳй顣

ˣûҵ⣬һͰҲڽ£ìܣĿȫǣȭݺͺ֮Ҳûмʱͨͷֵ

˵Էޣʵʧܡ
֪ѡ

Һ˵һһ꣬ɲ֪ΪΣʮ졣
÷һʵҺѵͬƺãһǣѷʱߣ뾡Ӱ磽⣬Ҵ߱ɱ˫Ŀʱߣϸذ˼·档

ԣ÷奺Ӧǲһİɡ

һҹҾôϡͿ˯ˣģܿ¡
ҹҸоҴߣץסҵ֣ĦҵͷƬ̰ܾ

Ҹоˣɴȸȸȴ˵ûаүû

ǻþɡ
ôμ⹷ˡ

ڼգʰٴȥ÷
Ҿκþۺɢͬ˵һǩԴһ

Լеʱҳ÷ĺԺ

׼³ȸȻ˵ͷкϷɿ
ƿƣԺſڹȻ֣ͣزΧȸڳ⣬ҽͣ˵÷۳ãѾкЩϸŴϵͽᣬⲻѼ̫̫ɹ÷Ů򽻵
÷δϼҴڣֻ˹һˣ֪е·ʱĳ͵͵ˣǳԭǰģ˵ʲô񣬴˺˳˸ϧϧ¡

ϧ

Цͭϻӣͷţԡ

ǰףҸմصң÷奾ͰǸС˴ؼҺ˳мҵõĳ£ңͺú˳ȥ

û뵽׻ɽˡ

ҽĸ㣬ĵЦ

ڴʱͷЦ΢⿴
÷źְվѾͷӡ

̨ŵǸһûˣԽ浾ǳɫȹŵױͷϴ֧ҡǸ޶˵Ůˣ´ŰۣѾףҲڲס۽üҵķ糾ǱҸϳȥ񣬲Ӧýϧ
̨Ÿ긾ˣŻ󣬾ֹȸ˵ǹɼҵ̫̫

ҴƤң˿Ǿޱ¶ˮ⿴

ЦŽǹ̫̫ͳȥϥһǸ⣺ԲסˣҼҴ˽һͳȥˣ·ǹ˰ˣĸڣūݱ΢ʵһԲ衣
ǹ̫̫Ǹ˾֪ھܾæץס֣ĦţЦʲôģ̫̫жȣһ֪Ǵ˼ҳĹ䣬̫̫ɫף꼫õ˲Σ˼ȣӡ

üϸƣǹ̫̫ĦֵʱJƱӦ죬Ʊ˻ظǹ̫̫ϥЦͷ̫̫ǣūëˣȵˮͺá

ûͳȥǹ̫̫תϧһ֣ѾͷСС
λòжˡ
˵䣬ǹ̫̫ͰѶݵϧϧҪ˵ͽӹˣѽ˸ǹ̫̫ЦҼźϴģΣҼĸ֪Ǿʲô˼أ̫̫ĺ⣬ūҵġ

ǹ̫̫֪˸Ӳ磬һ죬ҲͣЦ˵ԺԼԲż˵⻰ʹѾͷˡ

̾˿Ȼûۣһֵ.̳ģǸõģҲڣؾ÷ڼʱ˵̫Ѿͷȥصð

Ȼұ̵üȥ
ǸϧŮŭǰظᣬƹȥ뻹ǱŮ˶ס


ɫ಻ơ

ʲô˼˵ҵô
ϧĸС

ûУ⡣
ı֮ɫŨ԰ƢĮˣ˽ն

ֻ۾ˣ
ϧ˼̵֣Ҹܾͱˣһˣ÷ҵ檣˭˭߹ء

ߡ
ЦҿɲҺȣ˼̧÷ģ˺̫̫Ĺͷ檡˺̫̫ңʱżңǲȥҴˣٸҳ

ʲô¼ҵѾͷˣӵĿˣۿ˵͡
ϧ߰°ָͣĨº촽Ц̫̫ڼʱǳ㣬ʧˣ٣

죡
ŭ¿Ȧæץסϧĸ첲ʲôȥ˵ڴſڶۡ

ҡ
ϧ˦֣תȻȻ״Ŷˣ̫̫ʧһ࣬ﰵôöûѰ綼սˣǻƵģհ̫̫ɡ

䣬ҾͿ÷ŭشӸˣɷ˵شϧһ⣬Ů˵ıѪˡ
÷奴Ҵҿܣһץסϧķϣʱ÷˵һϣָֻ塣

ҡͷһЦԸȸؼҡ



֪ΪΣ鼫ãڼʱƬ࣬ŵֱ߶룬Ȱң裬̫ˣҺֶ°ѵ̫ܵʱ

һЦš졣

ɴϣֿʼǷǣɵ̾˿
ľδľһֱ̿ƣźɷĸúԺȴ䲻һã潸ﵽͷϡ
أϧ
ҶŮ˲ûκθоֻǶед

ң౻÷奴ӻ
˵⣬ˡ
÷奣Ӧòϲ潸ɣΪʲôأ

룬̫ʲôʱ˯ŵĶ֪



գ˸磬ϴ˷һγš
ҾΣһҪ÷˶ϣɸɴġ

˵÷˽һͳˣȥ󸮿СԬˡ
ʱ䣬ҼЩ£ӯ䣿
ӱޣ󸮸ϣҲٽӴ֪˿ֳԼİ.ҾǲǶ۾ҵѾͷ½ҴŶӣƴһҲ̤󸮰벽

󸮺ʱ˿вܾ࣬븮

ѩˣЩ䣬Ѿ˱һ㡣
ʰ޵ü͸ߴ󣬴Ƥ멣ԽԵͦοݣ֪ͷ˶ãͷ϶ѩϱŸУϴŽԭšÿһȥš

ҼܶӣǡԹ󡢺ݶΨû˽š
ڸӯϣ治Ը̫࣬ҵȷ£ҸԼһ׷Ȩֻۣ᲻Ѿͷ

ҾãʱбҪװ׾ԺҵӯԶЩΪѾͷ룬벻ټ

ڴʱҿ󸮺ſˣ߳ӣϥ÷奼һʮֲͷҼҷ˵ˣԸˣذա

÷奲ģӸӔJƱ
Ӷˤϣ˵˺αǿأ۳ѩˣ˿ֵ÷ҼҷˣҪӣαأ

÷ص̾˿ЦįŨȻǰһʣԸңǱˣֻﱾٴ仰ǼˣҸǣ
˵⻰÷üͷ𣬵иҪ裬ҷô

ûûС
ҡͷ˻ؼС

÷女˸ŸճյضţҡͷһЦת׼ȥ

Ц˿ϽӳȥôҪ÷ϣӣͷĿԡ
ˣ󾪣ϰ춼ûعŴϲЦżͷŵȸ߹ǰҵʣðһȫޣȥĶˡ

˵⻰ָԼһؼҡ

ҡָȻָֹһɵ޹ЦɣǷ޸ռ棬ҪôȽŲ㣬檸㿴

˵⻰ҽ£ظڴϣõص






54.  ˷   һ

54--˷

ڵƬ, Ҹо˼ӡ

˷ܺ͵˵鷴尾ңӿ죬, ֽ΢΢, ϤĽŲһͿ쵽ˡ
ҿץס˺ձ, ˲䣬ס, оŮʱֶöȲ, , ƿ, ʮǰ

ҳ΢Цŭ𾪵ı, ſӱŤͫС΢΢šš顱صͷŵЩ, ֻסӡ

֪ڲӦЦ, ô찡, Ҿ̲ס, ǲ, ͵͵ԼĴ, Լ̫۸, Ц

ɡ
Ӳ˼, ػ

·γѣ͵£ʲôû˵, ̧Ⱦ
ͷߣǿ׳ӰŴغѹһ㽫ŰΧ˵ʵһͦµģҵЦ⽥ڴ̣һֱס֣һ⡣

ҵͷײ³ڣۣ´ǣõúܣѪˡ

˶Բɵ£ô򡣡

ָͷĨȥǵѪ׼˵ֻͱץסҡңֱӣʱŭȫ˵˫۽죬ҧѹңĶģ

ڴʱ˴ͷƿ

Һ÷ͬʱǰȸҵĸ
ȸ򶨣ָָ÷奣˫ƯΣһУҼҷˣ

ˣ
÷奶ңתŲЩһѾסȸ½ȸ˴ɨѾȸ˭˵

ȸ
ҳȸҡҡͷʾһֶ˵
ʹ˸ɫһЦ͵ˣȥɡ
ҷ·٣üһЦ֪λү綼ˣҪһϣҵɷͼȥˣˣҲܰˡ

ȸػӿ÷奵֣ңǷˡ

û¡
ظŶӣ÷奵ıӰЦͬɷʮ꣬һʬ԰ɴɣ
÷ûͷ߬ȭͷ֪޼ҡ
ǳǲءСطضǻ׹ݡ߹Թûȷҵļ˭ǰ֡

һ֪

ڵõҵȸ˵ģϥһ񣬵ǵ˷ģūͻȥӡ
˵ȸݺݵص÷奣Ҽҷһͷ˿ҼӾưոݣ

䣬ȸҴʧ˰ããѩС

ȸˣ÷奻ͷݺݵһۣĸ̴ӽй˳ӣڼҸջ
˵꣬÷奴һӣȵȣȱżȥˣǽļţνӵ˭
꣬˳ӸҪߣ÷ٴΰ˽סţǳؼң͵͵ϧ˹ط߶ѽ̧ţǴӲش˶̧Σ

Ц
Ȼϣ´һȥˣڿջңͷ˶ӣóȥѼʰɾٰ̧ȥúõҡ


һ಻ǵúú

Χܿͻָ˰
ҿڣţڵغһҲð죬͵ػͷﾹĨᣬ޺޵ضң˵֣ͷŵشңЦϵĴ멽£Ӹңƿͷϳ

ȻˣҵҲ֮¡

һؽǼûʲô¶ȵĴ멼𣬹סԼҿЦָϷȷʹȻ͵ˡ

ޣߵĩ·
⵽ʲôоҲ֪˵

û˰еֻǷЯ飬˵ˡǷްɡ

ָпơ
ѩ׷£ðǴ䶥ͷϣҴҵҸϣС࿪ʼʰ̯ӡεϡҺЩСϰһΪʲôĿȫأ

ָͷȥ۽ǵᣬ̾˿ѵŲڳڣһӶ

㻹ǲǵʮʱ򣿡
ûǾĵţȻһЦʱûӡѾͷһЩ߰Ůˣسǿˣȥ¿ȥﲻϲͿ֬Ĩۣңٸ⣬ҲҪ֬ͷΡ

û˵΢ŵĳ

˵ˣû˼ġ
ЦЦ멵ëϣ㵽ˣ˵ţûʶ㣬·˿ᡭҲÿ

û˵ƣ۵ؿڳϣһ·ѩ



Ҳ֪˶ãͬôɣȻͣˡ

ظԸʲôȥˣʱһҵĽŲƺˡ
Ȼ˳ʱɫѩ絶㳯Ϯҵͷңҿ÷奾վڳǰ۾Щ죬ţûа㱯ϲǷŭںſڣŶСӺˡ


÷好ŵڵ£֡
ץסĸ첲Ų³³˦ҵ֣·ʲô֮

ЦЦһۣǶСΣ˽ȥ

ºͷȻͰˣأоЩ
̧úȣߵúܿ죬ָпƣ÷奼ҴҵظţûٿתһߣլԭǱɵĸڣ̨ͤ¥ӦоУֻլն٣ڰѩԵЩ

ңѴڼ״̬ʱкüǨּͣݣʰһ˽͵ĹԱобɡ

Ҽǵõһȥ˵죬ɵļңһᣬͷվбȥŮףŶ˵Ľ١

һʱ䣬÷סլӡ

ҳ̾˿ˡ

Сźȣڽ˸ݻСԺ

θأһδü÷奾ƿץסҵĸ첲ֱؽ˳ȥ

Щ
ҲرԹûҳϷ˦˽ȥǰ˺üסӡ

ֻ˵һϣҵ࿩¡

ûŷ۵ĸ첲´ӣܴݴͨģΪ鷿ԷϴİŶ綼ˣȴЩƻľΡ齵ټ÷Ӧýʰ޹ǽϹ÷ľͼϰ˺Щͼݽϵıͷɸɾģиڷ

ҲЦҲ֪ͷ˭

Ǹ潸ϧ

ڴʱҵĸ첲һʹһαǿקǰҵĴӣеŭͺԽԽʢ´Ӧÿ˰ɣӣʱȥ·ݣָ˭

ڱҵʱֽҵĹͷܸоۡ

ûлش⣬Ħĸ첲һЦֻǸǺˣѵͲʣǲΪУӰûΪ檳

ǡ
÷ЦƽҵżϵӢζңüһ㻹ռ˱ȥݶˣ˵ʵɣݹҷ飬һˡ

Ƿޡ
˽ң˽

ʼ磬̾˿檶Բסɣسδ򣬾͡͡
ҵͷҡί檲ѿԼ˺飬Ŵս湦˳Ǹ˲֣ĴҲúܡ
˵ͷϵʣɻôͬǸ⣿

÷Цˣҵңأ
ƣҵĶӡ
ʶ㣬

һΣǸ˭
÷ңʣ˫Σ𣺡յ;֣ôö˶˵һԭǱӴ˶ñӣðдһţҵҲ֪°ɡ

ʲô
Ҳٸװ˸ķ¡
û취ڣվ˾۵ûš
㻹˼
ɵðθ֣ǵǷ飬ڽŵһʬ
ҾͻڿЦ˵ûȷ֪£ҵģ֪ô˵ôңȥͺ룬˵Ļ

ƨ
÷奴ŭ˳ץֻ豭ڵϡ
֪ԼԲӯ䣬ʵҲ˵ǲңԭš˼Ȧ嵽ǰãúõһӣǱ˽̻ˣ񶼲ˡ
˵Ȼץסҵķ٣ҡҵͷİ£Ժǰ㣿ڳм̧ͷ

֣˭֪ôݺݵץסҵͷƺҪҵͷƤѹſ
Ҷˣôأ
ҵ׻ǹ˼ŻУûõ£е˳Ƿϣһһ檣ǸҸϳȥ潸½ӽţѵˣ
ȻһЦָŶӣۿҴʼնúúȥģҲˣҲǲֻ㡢󰡣װôŮˡ

Щ
÷ɫѿſңȵ쾭壬㱳͵˾͸
˵÷ĴѰֵļһ£Ŀǽҵһѱϣżȡһγ׼ҵȻ䣬ָҵĶӣʣ˵ֵĸ˭ٲ˵ݹҲ顣

ЦЦһֶ˵
èץס󣬲ԵҪ̹ˣŻԡ
ɱңһӸǸ˲õﲻ

˵
÷Цҵӣٴ´ңأ㴩˻һٺ»һȹӣ㻹ѾͷʲôݣپӺλ£ԺѲɻоλǺ

ҰһۣЦЦǲ˵

ŭ࿳ȥʱȥһǣ۲ҵһ˿һ飬סŭ侲㷽˵δ򡭡Ӧúࣿ
ظһһ˵ԼǴżҵĹŮ̫Ӻͽ֮۵壬Ϊ.ˣӺˣ֮ǣ㣬׹ݸ߼ң΢ʿУûνĴңʱĴպ⣬ʼƭҡ

ƲƲ죬бۿѵûƭ檣˵ʧɱˣɽˡʵأɱ˼ҳ¼ҵļͣ͵˳¼ҵǧС㣬Ԭ˹˵ؽѣ˼Ůȵ˷財ɾͱ໥ˡ

ȻСһ⣬סҵֱӣûǳӣأ˵ԼǴС㣬˼ҴС䣬Ҫôû̷˾ҪôȥţأǣĪǸūǿ˵ԼãԲӵͬɡ

ԣ˵Ķԡ
ݸһЦͷ

ˣԽŭҪִңȻҵ˵ظϣۣ̾ס
ôߵⲽ⣬㡢ô찡һȥѶȫޣ֪Ķ࣬˶ôңǸ˭Ǳƭ裬Χڣұض

ӲĲУˡ

۾һգӳɴ£ίɣҶˡ

סˣסҵĲӣɺܿɿվؽԼϲ˼飬Ӹµؿң˵ʵͶš

ͶŰɡ
һУ

ɫѾˣѩ·ԽԽʲʲôǸ˳ӵӸȸҲûһķǳͻȻʲô֪޷ңǿʵǲ˳ֻܿұӴƿ˳һ£ôűҡ

ʵҲëëģһʧ֣Һͺô졣
˵ѵ߱鲼Ѿ֪ҽ÷˰ɣѲҪһϣˣ

䣬ͷҵĽŲ͸ɴһԼ˸ûãһ˳ͽȻ𣺡ˣĺˣûͨ˵ǱʹͣѾߵСԺˡ

һϲ

ڴʱҿ÷奴󾪣æҴķק棬ݺݵصңһʬ
˵⻰÷好ԡͰѸݺѣָæصƬӺҵɨڴףæ꣬ЦݹϣСŹȥţĺ˸񣺡ôָѽٶ̿裬ó׼ˣºӺþơ

÷˲æ

Ϥ
͸磬Цų⿴߽ͦĻмŴʳе̫๬Ů
˼ɫ멣ͷϴůñ¿ȦĿߵϣһЦù˽Ȳϣ÷ǰҪ£˦·ʾⲻá

¿÷ˣūЩ³ʳ
ڷǰָȱһǵӣһЦ´˳Բ߳ķˣ֪˴ǰڵʮ꣬ùϷ˼Сˣⲻ»˵
˵ĺأ÷奵ļЦ٣÷˻ͷһġ

÷־ϲֻţæҪл˭֪

һưɡ
÷Ц¹ٳէʵкöزָһ

֪һЦ÷ˣӳ˾Ͷˣ¶࣬ūȻȥˡ
˵ζس߿ۣҡͷЦЦ÷奵ļ磬Źߣ÷ˣΪ֮ա


÷æųȥˡ

ܿ죬ָֻ˰

õطͷƵڷǰɨϵʳȫϲԵģҸԼҨ˿ڣţȷǹġ

ûȼڣͷ󼱴ҴҵĽŲ
֪÷奻ˡ
ҿСܽվſڣľضңѾû˷ŵŭɱ⣬ǡη壿ţ

ЦЦûź

ڴʱֽŹסͷվã֪ʲôȻתͨһҹˡ





55.  ӥ   £֮ǰĸоӦò

55--ӥ

͵һ, һСЩ

ָͷȥǵĲȻ, ű÷׷ʹĲ, бۿ˫ưڵ, سȭͷĵ, ֱͦıԹ, ΢΢, ޣ£𾪣

, 㣬ѾµñӵǸ˰ɡ

ʱĺð, ҷ·صĺ

ţ, ˭˵Ҳ֪˶, õˡ

, µĵҡһ, ̿﷢΢̿

ҳ˿, Ц, ĬĬʮ, ǰ΢ͱƵʮꡣ

, һʼҾʹƵλ

ҪƤ
֪ȥҼˣֹһ, װ֪
綼檣Լ˵ĸ׺˵ң

Һһ滮պ;ۿվˣȨв

֪һ죬Ȼˣôǰ̺͹ӡٰ㵱¶ЦԽԽ٣ǰˣϡ

СźɫͺԺǶݺݺǵӳ谮Ϊӣ󸾣վɻᱻĸǰĸǵĹϵܻ㣬ɺТ˳ĸһģ㡢㣬͵͵

ʮˣɲǼҵˡ

Ŀƣѧѣָͷص棬ϥΣԴԲߵӡ

ǰˣô꣬ڰڽˣóĬ尾

ôôбĿô
е㣬ɸǶ񺮺Ͷġ
Ҫ⣿ü̵Ļô
̫ˡ

ұۣ˿

㣬㱳ѣ

ظŴӣǣ桱ˣͷſᣬȻΣſں̺ϣǾӨ

ɰˣˣˣˣ

ðɡ

̫˽ˣƴʮ꣬˭֪ҵһΪУѹ֮㲻ͷݾãųɵļ򣬰ͽᵽκ̤κʬ壬˳

㣬

Ϊˣ㿴ӵңŭ޲ɱҺͺӣ㲻֪˭һֱңֱζȳ֣ȻòԾˡ

ǰεºܣûʵ³Ϊˣ

ǣµҵļǻʵۡ

ˡˣΪǷ̫ࡢ̫࣬Ҵͷ磬ǰ̣
ͬʱڿϲķǻʵİŮˣܳ谡ڳλţǰȥύԬ壬˭֪˾֮⣬ǽȻ޵Ľݾ

Դɣû´ڡԭ£ңҿڶϣ·

һ˽㣿

ڴʱҿعֱӣʲô˵ῴңĿԡ
ȻЦȻĬĬشӻͳذףһѽ½˺׼ԼʵؿڣʣԲס⣬ҿˣǧ£ûµλС㣬ˣûʲô˵ˣǣֻŹĸ׺ͶŮ

˵⻰һַ⣬Ѫʱð˳

֪۾գͱԼһѪˡ
ʱѸǰڳ飬ȫĴ
ô룿ˣԼ͵ȣȴɷƵ·
ֻң̫ѳһ㶼顣

һ֪

ͣ֡
æֹ꣬еǰǿذ״ߣԶѹס˿ڣ˵ؽ𣬴ǰƣ۵

Ҫһô

ʱҿ˿ԱʹţӾҵزס﷢ͬҰ޵ı

ҾŹ
ûôס

Ҫӥ

ص̾˿Ҩȵɡ

Ǳ¸ģ

ȣ
Ļᣬǰĵ˿ǴСţļ磺ȳ԰ɣȥд
գֱĨȥᣬҴǱߣѰ֧ǺʣЩֵֽŲóķС飬ֽд֡
дʱ⿴÷奣СԲϣȷֿС۸⣬ʮָָͷֱʹصͷ亹ʱʱ͵͵ҿ֪ʲô

ҹɫһַ̿һֱַ

˱ɣܿ콫дãͦŶӣƵеǰķϡ

ҿţ˵ͷҡ

ЦЦָĴ֣Ȼֱֽɡ

ؿң˸ȻѸ˼ǶԲߣĬĬشһҳֽһ㶣൱ƽȣ⣬κңɣʵڵһĺĳ鲻ûȥչȥһ˰ɣˣʵ̫Σգȥˣʵʵشڼһ㡣

΢ЦſĨ֮ɫ

δǹȥҲ⣬ţȥӯ䣬ְˮ֮С

⣬ҡҡ
÷奺ȻˣŬҪԼ͡

ڶš
ش

һڶҳ˿ĭ⣬ӣǷֱþˡô㿴ǿɵ޸֮Ůӣ۸㣿ӹô
ȻֹͣؿңڼԼɷְԸ侲ͷشңû˺ۣȻһЦĺڷڶָϷ׷ʹĲԼĽ

Բ𡣡
÷奵ͷҧ˵֡

ûڻϷί£

ͷ˿ǽᵹȥֻôӦңҳ⣬ΪλҼĺ飿ڳʲôˣѵɷ򲻹ãˣ

ˣ͵ؽֽţǿŭ

Цڵʹ֮ˡ
ҲκָժҵĻᣬᣬȵͣ

һۣɫӣǿסŭ⣬ղŴ㣬̫嶯ˣףһ£ǿûҺ㣬
˵ݺݵضңؽҧأһ뵽ʮҺȻˣҲҪӣѡѡ
ˣȻˣ᲻Ծ£ӯ䵱Ů֪ʵҪһԼĺӣ㲢ĶŮĸףı
ȻЦˣЦſޣֲΡΡ̧𣬰ҵĴϣظţȭͷݺݵӣϵ͵£Լһ⣬زұԼȥģ

⣬һʼĺ㱳ѣɡ
ʹ£ɵ侲ֿʼ˼룬⣬ǲǱǿȵģǸûд㣿ΪԸͱŮǸ곹ʧô

˫ش£ֽ֪һأؽֲ.ͷӡͷ

ʹֳӼϴ˸ľ裬Ȼ̿ϵĺߵǰ
ҳذڵأﵹ΢̵ˮȻѥӣһæҪֹңƿָ֣ѵЬ࣬סĽţˮУҵ֮ˮű

ɣ檸ϴʮĽţԹ޻ڰ
ȻһЦķ棬ȥ廨ЬУ֮䣺
檲ʮ꣬Ȼ̣ˣɴɴδ檡㻹ǵǵһôĹϵ

÷ĬȻͷӣĽҵĽţʹһЦǧ࣬ڵ˸ְָм㣬ϣҰ㰴ϣ˵ˣɴɷݽţÿģʢһɬЦҪһݡ

˵̧ͷճյؿңͿʮǰһģһЦЦֿޣֺݺݵشԼü⣬ȻĬȱߣͷҵϣҸ㡣

ҷĨȥᡣ

ڡѹˣ
Ҫ

ҴսճյؿַҵĶϣЦʣɣܶ缺ôܴ뿪ô

⻰÷סĿȼĨ˷֮ɫֻֻܿعٴͨһȱߣҧס֪ҧƣ˿˿Ѫ

ôʮ꣬㡢Ϊ˺ҡ
ţԼһ⣬ֱ׵ض˵ʵһ·Ĳף㣬ҡҡ

˵ˡ
𽥱䡣

ޣԵڴˡ

ѹֻһҵһЦʪϲɣ죺ѩҹģҪô

ȥɡ
÷Թţ壺ˡ

ݸָԼͷίҪˡ
崲ڴϣ޹ؿǻûأڻӣ˯ˡ

ôܺס
÷־ţ˿ҿ齣أʣ㵽׺ͱôˣ
Լһ⣬Žţˣϣֱţ
㵽Ҫʲôܸʲô߰ɣˡ

ˡ
ЦЦ㲻һֱڿѰôһˣ㵹Ҫߣ

ڴʱͷ󼱴ҴҵĽŲţߵ

ˣλĺܹˣ˵˵˵

÷˦ӣѾͷö˵ʲô

˵ˣϽ׼ŽӼݡ






56.     ϻ

56--

ˣ
˾, 崲ġ˷·ӱ𣬻ůġ
ͷһ, ۿ, ͬ۸СȻԼҴ, Ǹίˣȴʲôˡ

ʱ, ҿ÷奾ס, Ӣ˵̫˷ܶǵͨ, ͬ˾, ЩƮȻ, ͵سҿ˲ˡ
⣬㡢㡭
÷, ˿ĭصعѰ, 㡢ʰһ, ȥɡ

Ц, Ϊ, ʼ½, ѷ, ӵϡ
˵ʲô뻰, ң̽ˣһ䣿
װ, ѽԼϣ檲ͬ˵ôҪͬһϣʵ޴ŻؼҴɡ֪˵ʲôټң͸ա
һֲ´ı飬΢΢ǰ̽÷ЦսʲôѣѣֶģȥӼݰա

㣿
÷奴󾪣ұ죬Ǵ󲻾
˵⻰ͬʱҲţѸٵԼݷ٣æذЬҵãϴ裬ؽ¹ҿʰҵЬܹǰҴЬҧȵ

ˣȥɣǺһãģһ棬պˣҲܰĸӡ

ԽԽʧ
װһ£鶯ᣬмڣװԸˡ
ҴЬӺֱʼôѣִҹԲ´Ķʱָͷ΢΢ͷŤƤ˼£ȻϱƵĺۼϣҺ׵Ĳ˿㡢Ҫȱȥá

˵棬𽥱СͷȥȭͷסֱðӣԲסˡô֣ǿϣҲڱ¸ǰ˵ʲôõĻɡ

㿴Ŵҳȥ㣬ҳȥҲ㡣
ƲЦЦḧĺڷüһЦⳤû²֪£ҲصؽҲܰҳûµģʺ֮Ϊ˭ȥ㣬ϾҲ˴

ԭΪ⼸仰զһţ˭֪ǰһȻץסҵ˫ȣѸŤͷ£ѹ߾κζ£
˿ĭأʣ˵ʺ֮ˣǡ
˴ս˼֣ʣӳ϶ǳ˽ͬ˵ʲôɻûϲΪΣǰ˵ңӣңڳվȽŸͺҲòǣ

˵ʲôƵģѰѰűӵǰذף嵽Ҹǰǿذеӣһ·಻㿴ˣңͱҼ͸ԣܷܲһ

֣Ž˷ܵҡͷЦ

Ǹ֮Ӧ֮죬Ƥ֮񣬳ҵ

ڹ»·ϣ˼ӪӪҲ÷㣬ڴˣ˰˵ܺպٿɰǰԶ侲Գ֣̹ĳ࣬˵ʵеѿ

ڴʱͷߵºͳ֮

÷ˣôӼݣ

÷һĨ˰ѶϵĺæŤͷͷԵƬ̣ݳݡ
˵⻰Цصصͷ·ʲôЭƵģذ״Ҫ

վţ
Һס
ѵӸҡ
Ҳɷ˵شذͳ߬ȻʱΪ˱ʺӸ˭ýвңŵýӽԡͰˡ
ҷܵϴ䣬СʣӶԡͰϣؽǰѽ̳

ʲô
÷Сʣʵʱ򣬻ʱػͷ

Ҫǰ̣ƾԼȥûǸ°㡣
ץסԡͰضµأýָ£޹أҲµ㣬ҹʲôԹֻܳңʲô˼

÷奵ʱסŵؿҡ

Ҿֱȥſ˫ۣϸϸ˷ȷʵûҵŷŹ
ڴʱȻŹЦ۾΢죬ͷң˵⣬ˡ

ûųңľסЩŵس⿴÷ʧֻƬ̣ЦǰŴ򿪣˵һ࣬˸Ȼ󹧹عһߡ

Ƚ˦·÷奣һЦñͷȣ÷˿ǵһģôݲؽˣ

÷ַͼ֣ĿİͰ͵ظЦ⡢⡭ĪҪȡЦ¹١

һЦ߱죬ϳסˣѵ˸ܿ죬Ц·ù˽ɨ̧źľΣףţֶ˽ȼŷú̿裬ԼһֻСĽ𶦡

Ѹ󣬺æȥӭʵȥˡ

ҽżˣĶɤˣ֪ǰ㣬ۣҪø壬һϤĽŲѲźĸ첲߽ˡ

ɫƤ멣ͷϴ˫ϷڣŵţƤѥʰ޵ü񣬴ʽǻˣֶ˼ֵİòģָ׽֮С
ѽģźҵȸѾͷŸﱧױƣᷳ۹ڵϵ÷奣ϥѼһ񣬾ֱˡ

֨ѽһȸƿѾͷԭϴЦƼǱӣȻˣҪſں£æס죬ҡҡͷСŹϣĪҪ

ϣȸᷢȻҧ´ơ

ѽԽ÷奷΢Ц´δԡһע⣬̾˿ЦլԺҲ̫Щί÷ˡ
˵⻰ϣ˶ָͷ⣬̫ǽȱ㱸µĹŶֻһһʱ䣬Сݻ˲١

÷æл͵͵Ĩϵ麹

ȹ̫ǳȥѳȥϴĴ멣ϣЦ´÷奣΢΢ͷ綼˵÷ķʣò˰ݳӣʱ˶ϲسƺһ÷ɣһȻ鴫

֪أҲʼˣȣູʼ˼ͷҵˣҡ˯ֶ֪ôģεòУֱûۿﻹС٣ϣ֮ġ

Ȼ·ҲΣ˭˵

ѴԼĴĴָϴŰָĨζЦ÷她һԣЦȿ޻ѿ˵ǷԶﴫ΢ªգʵڵñ

࣬ɶ붼

ٴΡ

ȿȡ
ʳָ±ӣĿڷϵʳϣüͷ΢ʣô޴µĳʳϰθڣŶûô

£
÷б۳߿θڲ̫ãֻ
˵÷æǰһֻ룬ԼҨһѵ湾Ⱦʹͣʵ΢ŵٳ裬΢ϲʤġ
䣬÷ҪȥԲ̻ʵ·ûԹƵģһ߳ԣһ߸л¡

ƼˣҡͷһЦúСԲʣ
˶ˣ䲻ˣ£˵˵

ּ
÷С£ͭǰ衣
æվ𣬳ֽӹ̵ͭЦŸѵĲﵹϹˮȻԼ˱ͳӣͭϣŽ

÷Ǹϸġ
ѵͷЦЦ裬˿ڣδȡ
Ȼ̾˿һĳݣб۳߿
żˣ⹷ĪҪ÷˰ɣ˵

Ȯڵʵڿɶ񡣡
ѴĨЦ÷奵ⲻǰЩӰ޸ҧˣˣݺݽѵ˶٣Ĳ

ҴŭȴЦˡ
øѣҵǹ

ƢĹºαƽء
÷好ѸȥЦ΢ȮֹҰȴҳϵý.ѱǱ

ô
Ѷ÷奣˼һЦ΢΢ͷ
ʹ˸ɫͳµ񻨺ľӣʸ
ָͷḧźϵĻ꣬´÷奣غˣؿҲѪ
˵Ŀƣ÷女ʪѣһЦȻɼĪҪݽţҲĪҪҹдЩлʫʣܰ

⻰䣬÷ɫɷס

Ц
ɵ˰СӣһһƤ¡

û˼
̾˿ǰḧ÷奵֣̾Լ˵£źú˵жŮˣûʲô˵Ųµģñ˴涼ѿģ޲棬Լ

÷˫ĿȻͨ죬̧ͷؿѣ£

ĪҪ˵ˡ
Ѵͳ÷奲ȥᣬȻǸз÷У򿪣ͷȡСƿЦǶõҩĨ˿ڣмǱմˮܺܿϡ

л¡
÷ͨһڵأͷ


æ÷奣˵ļ򣬽ϣĿǽϣָӺмгö۰СĶ飬üһЦʵĵģ᲻ð㡭

÷һת⣬ЦŽбڻۣʣķҲ飬ǰĹ£˵սиˣм䱦˸ʵĺӣؽº󣬾Ѻеı˻ظˣҪǸӡǴˣѾ뱦˵мźʵˣûǸۣװװѱĥۣĪ绹ˣҲˡ

ѽ㡣
ҡͷЦЦŶȻʣڣǼֵǵı

÷好§ýģЦ֮£Ī֮Ī
ȱߣֿĪ˵鱦ǳǱµˣԸЧұ£һΪǽѡ

һЦŵĺЦ÷ɣ˵ĻҲ߯ˡ
Ȥѻְ÷奷

źҿһУҲǸпǧ
÷ߵⲽĺֺڶǴҪģҪǣĺܻᡰ⡱ˣ˭ã

ڴʱҺȻеһڼ
ûӣڣǶǻֱ÷СӦˣԽˡ

סָȸȥñµ裬Ҫȡ


ȸסŵⲻ̫ðɷˣǼͱ³춼û£⡢÷ڣ¿϶ġ

û£ȥ
˰ȸ
ѾͷηηؿңȥջǴŵӣҧȥˡ
ͷСе࣬üš˸񣬿ȣ⣬գգۣ°ͳŬ
ȸĿڣüŪ۵صͷ

ôˣ
ѷȸ΢Ťͷüʡ

Ǹ
ȸԥԥģմŵӣϥһ񣺡µյ衣

⻰һ˽ס

󾪣æ÷ͱȸʾϽ£÷奷Ӧ죬߿ۣ񣬷·ѳЦͷ£

ûȻü۽ЦϴĻƻľͰۣ÷Цͷ˺ôѩһҹͷ÷ɿˣ޳ȥߣ

÷֪Һ֮İһʱɶͷԣæЦȻԸģǸǸ
÷˿ŵӣ΢´дĪҪΪһЩ˴ĺ顣

һЦһק÷奣ϻ࣬Ͻ߰ɡ

ڳȥʱѴǺЦб۳߿£ЦŽǿŶذϣȻ÷奵˳ȥˡ

ʱָ˰ֻʣҺȸ
ȸ˿ֱĨ˰ѶϵĺæˮҶЦÿ¿ˣϽȺȰɡ

ʲô
ָһָϴĺľͰߴȸϽҿﲻסˡ





57.     ǹ࡭

57--

, ˳ѻˣʱоɿ˲١

ڴߣһȹ, һ쳤˲⿴, ѩҹѺ÷ɹ˴ɡ, ͥŲϵЦ, , Ҳ֪˵Щʲô

ѱô
ת, ͦŶеźľ, £˿Ѹ, ڰ̵ȸ

ʱ÷˴ߣūȥ¡
ȸµĺڷڶһЦū˳÷Ǹٵļū, һ٣ӵª

ҡͷЦЦ
ùİ״ɱ, ˿ڲ, ۱ҹɴ, üʣأû, ҩû

ȸ⻰, ͵ԼĶͷ, , ׵ȱߣʣūء
ȸŤͷȦ, ѹ繬ﴫ˵æţʱûūȻ˼ҡ۳ˣūĶȥˡ

Դס
˵ʵһʼǹֶţɵ׹ףӾˣǸϻТ˳ĺúӣ֪һֱ𣬾Ȱң˵ˣĲܺˣĪ˵ָͷûһҲԸġ
Ҽ౮⺢˻û͸ͿʼĬĬָ֣Ͼʱ򣬾͸̫ҽԺԺѧҩѯôܸ׵ķ財Ƿм֮ʲôӱ
Ժдʵϲѧ㣬ҲڣҰ˵˺üط˵ֻҪʱҩܴ̼á

ǹֶĹϵ׽ҲҺѲ
һգ÷
СͻȻʣ裬Ϊβøȥˣ
һ˵ѣӣ˼˾ƣͲ֪Լ˭۸ˡ

ҡҡͷСض˵Ǳ£˵ǡǸø
ЦЦӼвˣûж˵ʲô
˭֪⺢ӺȻ꣬ĿƵؿң˵ȻøãΪβسǼ˵ҲùŰ

˲䣬ҺȻͿ޵ֹסʳͬ
ҷģⱲһ߾ȫҵӡãҪʲôҾ͸ʲô

뵽Щ£ұͷһᣬָ۾Цʣô˵ģ

һʼ˵˽ȥˡ
ȸ̾˿Ħҵȣ飬ʱ÷奣ͼˣң÷ǲǹøǲȥˣȸΪżǲǹˣ

һȻأ

ūȻ˵е¡
ȸһЦūûãûסС͵͵.ǽˡūʱѾˣϽ׷˳ȥԭΪҪؼȥҰүûȥ︮
ȸ첲ϣЦǸϻ۹ͷĺӰĻ£ԼĴֲ£ڵϹ˼Ȧﱧż飬ֻ︮˵Ĺø顣Щ꾭黹飬ҲûģЦŰ˽ȥ
ϣūҸȥ︮ͷͼƵģԼĪСʱżСųսǴūһѰק֣װҪᣬŵСģЦ˵˼ʷҪ

ֱӣĽ˵ʲô
˵ģɲò˵˵һ䶥һ䣬ǵġ

ȸյҶߣѹ˵ɷ÷奣ҲһūǧȰ÷棬˾ǳ֮¡˻˵÷ֺٰģҰģײϣʹӣѲպˣֶΰСӣĪͿģ˺þۺɢڱ¸ǰ˵ϼûԶǷһ飬ӣĪСˡ

ҳƬ̣ĽȻı㣬˵÷奴δı棬˵÷ݵ£ҲܰΪ׼߰˰ˡ

ءȸӺסҵļ磬ŵūűİūһԣ˵˺һӻ

ҵʱ
ѵ̫࣬Ļѵ˼ˡ

˵ʲôˣ

˵Ĳࡣ
ȸӰ֪÷СӶ֡Ҫֻظһƣµÿʮ

һЦ
ҵڴˣ⹷ҹѾҴһ

Ȼأʡ

Ƽˣ·Ŷ÷˺õúģɼԺ϶ġ
ȸ˿ڣ˵÷Ǹˣضڱ֮ǰԼԼˣüѪñ¼س֮ѡ

⻰ġ
ΪٳóĬšݽšھ鶯֮䣬ȴԼȻԼڣû룬Ϊҡ

ɣѵĩ·㻹ƣĶġ

ڴʱͷ˵ĻЦǻˡ

æȸڼߣ֮ǰ˽ѵĻƤ棬˳Ѹߡ
ȥҽοյСŹϣһ߳Ÿ㣬һơ
룬˲ˡ
ŸռΣȻõġһˡ

ЦŰ÷ǰ⳶ֽǺպīͷдʲôһŵ÷־ŵƣü۽ãæл´ֱ֣Ĩᡣ

ͷѩĺܴѥӱ߶˱һѩ

˰ףԶ÷죬÷СӽëͷϸСˮ顣

̸˼ʫʣ

˳ȥ˲ȣֲ豭͸ûӰˣҡͷЦЦб۳£˵ԼˣúŪѸ˳ŪЩѩٺò

ûһ˾ͽڵܲС˶
ҨץЩܾݴĩʹлŵ÷Ⱦ÷£ܴ졣

˷ƮҶĲУǳһţҸϽȥһȡ
ָͷǱߵĿˮʮ飬֪ʱʱ̿ҪԶ⹴ˡ

һۣ⹷ʱû˵ͷʮֵĺƿף÷СˣЦ޺÷ɡ£޾ãĵЩʵЩأÿÿͬһ÷˵õлҳ˵˵ţܳսȥû˼

÷Ц²˵ˡǰԬ˵ȥ¼Ұӯϻ£˺īȥʿʱ֣أȥ¥

Ŷ
ѵʱ£ǰ㣬ЦȻ̻֮أ

˵Цˡ
÷ҡͷЦΣҲûӣ¥˺һǧ֮أȥ÷ǲǽԺ֮ˡ

Ŷ
ȻصͷȻÿͷ÷奵ֱЦʣ÷أţ

÷奵ʱ󾽣糺죬ĵͷ۾ס͵͵ЦüΣϣڻʵ۸ǰӡ󣬿ûϧɧĳֻĬϡ

ǹһЦȤĵҲ޵ĺ󹬣û÷һء

÷奴ʱӶˣЦıȿ޻ѿݡȡЦˡ

֪ҵҲˡ
÷δǰ͵͵ȥι˸潸š˵ҲټǺЩ£ɵ׷һǾöˣ⹷߯߯ˡ

ˣ޲ˡ
Ц÷奵ļɫȻһֱڱʮ˽£֮ƽݵط̸ڣʵǡǾδı棬ɰĶ֪࣬Żڣԭݴʷ޳ǻʵȱŵùˣѲŽ俴ݸɺ

÷֪ʱ̸£æ꣬ϸ˼Ƭ̣ЦΪá

ν⣿
ü

÷ɫ£ΣƫԶ佫鲼Խ񡣳Ϊ֪֢ڣڵز㣬޷ۣ󲻶ϼ沢ٸϼƣ֮£ֻΪūɽΪˣϼЯӡΪһǿӲ֮ؼ沢⣬򾡿콫ݺǨУ˫£ݿΡ


תŴĴָϵİָͷ̾˿ⷬ⣬ѾʤдسǨݺ󡭡ЩϸǶѡ

ѡ
÷æЦݺԳɺٹΪףѾлүرعǨǨѾû壬ڳɡ

ҵĿһ£ϳô˵Ҳ÷

⿴ȥ

÷好ü΢壬սѣЦһ˳ɵŮֺ෬ӴΨͼ飬Ψһ߾ǶŮӣйҲǿǨУǰȥӯض׷ɷ򡣴ǰӯ䱻ƣ⵽ϻ裬ԸӣزԸ˶ͬһءΪӯѾͷСȴ̩ܺɽԸɣǵѾͷɡһ㲻ˡ

⻰ѵͷ˼س߿ۣ²һҲɡ

ĺܲζ
㱻Ըĥˣǧ˳ȥ˿Σ
÷奰㡢Ҫһá
ܺҽ̻ãԹ㡣

£վѽҲֻڰˡ

ڴʱҿѵͷص̾˿
˫ִĿ죬Ťͷ÷һЦ÷ߵˣྭ಻֮£Բ˰գ

÷һ۾գ˺ü£֪ʵʲô˼Ϊ˸ֻ̾Ӳӻ磺Բסá

ԲסãȴԲסԪ⡭
ѺȻֹͣͷζؿ÷奣üһЦǶɼ԰ɡ
˵⻰˸źĸ첲ۣҹˣ޵ûعˣԸϤӣӦÿݻˣʱ䡣

⡢⡭
÷Щҵس߿ۣüŪ۵سһЦ

ǡ
΢Ц

ҽżˣһС΢΢ͷһЦ
˭֪˰ΣûŽ
̧ͷȥվڵľ⣬б۳ң˫ֱ°͸߰𣬴ĨζЦƤ÷ɺ˯ˡ

˵⻰ĴȥͷҲء
ҲǰһЦͣ¡

ˣһΣ
ȸȰңǻϰ

ôˣ
ƲƲ죬ǲ
ȴůģͷ΢΢ᡣ

ллѡ
ллûй棬Һ÷棬ԼȥξʮԵ

ֱŷ̵Сľţ˳ȥùӣöѸԡ
ʱܴ뿪һҵԼѺ´ˣĽͺ˵ͺط֣򣬷˵ôӴ÷Ĵ䡣

ḧŴӣźӼأʵû⣬ڳϦҹд˷ţдӰȥ
ǡɣ˵ҪȥݰԶһҹܴأ͵͵Ұȥ֪

ӿˣɵҲ쵽ˡ

֮ʣֻһŲ

̧ͷһ÷奻ˡ
Եü˷ܣ·˰㣬ͷͼ϶ѩһѽŹϣЦŴ֣˵䣬еؿңұ鵭ģͷЦתȥȸȸʰ꣬æӣǰȥ֡

ͷأ
÷شȸ꣬겻ɻСĽˣһء
ұֱŵġ
÷ϸشȸЦʣӽʲôʮˣǱ²ӵĹô

仰Ͱȸʵĺ

ˡ
һ֪ǾȸźͷСü磬ټǻ϶Ƽȸͺֹ׽Ըñʾ׺

ϣġ
֣ȸɻˣ
бЦôɿѾͷˣȢ˵̣

ȸֱţȭͷᴷҵļ硣
ϣˣ

С
÷奴һЦ·մңҸĥ
ֻǿź࣬
˵ȸһЦлһչҼӡԣӡ

ҵʱһ뷢ӲȥʣѸӽŤתӣһ۶뿴

պȻ˭˵Ｋ̿﷢̿š
ҲԼ˵̫ЦЦҶϣͳ͵ҩ½󳶿¶ʵţҺȸҩȻЦ

ǸºǺò࣬ϲ

ûȸҵյ衣
ƼˣԽŨˣŤͷϴͰﹾţԭ˼ǹࡣ

ʵ޿̣˵ˡ

ˣƹȥǰϰԵסңȻֲˣæ֣˻صԼСϣȰ˲濪ͷŵԼӰӣЦţȴйį̾˿ӻͳֽ򿪣Ƹ˵

ǻͬͷѩҸ֣ô

ͦõġ
ҵһЦõ̲סʺ񣬴֣ؽѡʡЩ̫ȱˡ

죬ǲˡ
÷ЦЦֽۺãСشȻͬ׻һ㣬˶ľȻˣ͵վֽ򿪣嵽̨ǰϸƣдʣʲô˼
˫ֱԭⲽüͷš˸ĬĬţдʣʺ֮ˣ㷽˵Ҫ´֣ʲô⣿

˫ۻסһͷһҡͷȻǰһ·ߵˣûѵ£ԲסʲôˣΪɣˣҾסڱɸڣк⣿кϵ

˵÷女嵽ҸǰҽűߣﺬŹ״˷ܣ⣬ǲԩɱԭԪ⣿

һûü˵ͼֱҡҵȡ
ģ⡣
ؼĽĻסͷȥ֮ң͢սͻǨɣʱͣͶκɱɱ

Ǿˣ
÷͵ҵĴȣ˷ܵվظһһʵĪʺ񣬵ǻֲ뱻˷飬Ϊ֣Ұ˽ĪбɱУûûᵽӣ˭ָʹרŸԩģϣ⣬Ҳֻ֪ˣ

ҿſǳоİϤ
ɰ
ڣɱ÷ɣѾ÷ˡ





58.  ʮѩ·   ˵ĿЦ

58--ʮѩ

Ҿ, ʼüչ˼ڤ룬ٵ˸߲, Ѫ, еҩ۾֪Խȴ

, Ȼ˴ǰ⡣
ʱҲܵҹ˯, תơĥ, ϸϷ, 󼱲͵صȴ, СƹóԸ

, ˡ

ԭ޹ˡ
ңұ, Ȼìء໥Թޡ

Щˣ׼, ȥ
˭֪ƼԽҩȫ, , ˹˼, һˡ

ĪбɱСǻ򵥣
˫ۻס, ˽ͨκ, ֤֤, ֤Ԫκţűصòڼ, ԣҵøϽڸŪҲ÷һԪյż㣬ģıʼαż֤áҲ

΢΢ͷԼⷬ˼ȻҴҵеǰż⹴СʣҶ棬Цʣ
Ⱑڱߴôã֪ǱԪλԱ׽˭𣿡

֪
ҶԼָϵĵޢ

ѵûǰ͸¶
ȡ

ûûС
ᷳҡͷ

أȥ꿴Ļ棬ɸۡ⣬Ůٱȥϴȴ˵Ľ٣Ī˾ͱԩʵˣǽ޷

ûıһУҲֹһУǣֻܱ죬ʲô˵

治֪
ҷ˻𣬡СġСϵѸȫϡ

÷סĿȽɢͷŴЦ˲ܸ԰ɣ⣬Ҳʱǣȴӻȥ

ҵֳۣӣ׼뿪ȥϴ
˭֪÷һӴǰֹ뿪Цؿңʣ֪кϲãŮɫҲֻһȤҼڶ࣬
˶٣ŨΣ᲻ܽ⳼ӵ˽£

Űɡ
ֱضüǳЦ

ƭҡ
÷奺ȻһЦɡ
˵Źᣬץסҵ֣æ󣺡ˣ֪ߵڶ಻ףóȫңˣ˵գټѡ˵ˣ¼ȻҲǽĿڣЩ£ֻܷĴ󵨵˵

Ҵ˫ֲڵ֣û
һ㶣æЦŷſŤͷԶ̿裬֣ɿܿΡ
˿ĽĻס֪ᷳһ£Ҳ֪û

˵
÷奼æսһ۲ضҡ

ȥ֮ʢѾ˽ݣ·ĲѣʱŻʺǨͣƺκ硣

֪
÷Цһκ˽½ӴܼˣҲҸдġⰡûбģ˵ģǱµĵߣϲʲô

ߡ
ʵúá
ҵĵϡˣ
ѵĻȨͽɽ
ôأô

ֻޱȣۣ˵˾䣺ЩֻǱ¸㲻ǿ󣬷ȡ裬ǻ

⻰÷üͷתָϴָȻб۳ҿҵĴӣȤʣ㲻ֽŮһ㲻ģ˴κͱֱŤʲô빬ΪǱѩޣ

֪
Цŷ

òá
֣ĨЦ˼ؿң֪Щʲô

ɣЩ

ҵĻδ˵꣬ٴαϡ

һ¡
͵վ³ۣżæŵؽϣˣЦԴѹûԼڣ㻹ţɲܿǻ˯ȥϴ³ŪԵġ
ĿкǸ⣬ҷ췢׵Ĳ̾˿ЩǻڣҲŪʳ֪ζģһҹⰡһûˣкܶ໰ͬ˵㶼֪ҾʲôκǺģЩɥͷһּͬԽʹ̸Э飬ǴǹལЩҶû˵ᶮңǺú˵ӻ

ȸᣬ޿̣˫ְҼϣЦô˵ºԼʷһòãûǲǺö

÷סؿңûͷߣ˵ȻϾͺá

ˡ
ظ˰

ЦЦƣ۵ȥϵĲ豭˭֪һûȣˮһ
ȸƼæ׵࣬ӰҲŲţѾͷȻſϣ޵ֹסӾҵزȭͷ߬ס˵ôô

ޡ
ظȸͷһЦ

ô


ʲô˵Ҳûʲô˵ģο˻ȸѾͷЩˣʰ£Ǿ˯ˡ

Ҳ֪˶ãʮꣿʮꣿ

ЦЦˮǰ͸ɴͷѩƮƮ󣬵Ѿ˺ܺˣһǰڣլﻶЦйĶǣҲ£һһ𣬶ȥ¥ա

һһˡ

䣬ҿԶߴˣ÷奡
Ŵ멣ƾϴ˷ԵþӢŸʳУ󲽳Ϸѩɫµ΢ƹ⣬ܿüﾡ˷ܣ·һǻӻҪ˵

ȸơ


䣬ʱһƬڰֲָ

ҿ÷奶ʱסͣԺм䣬Ϸߣ֪ǽˣĻ𻨷·ڽϨ𣬴еʳУվãͷͼѩʧ̾˿תȥ˼͵תҴҵС

ʱһߵ

⣬˯ô

ûдӦ

⣬ҡ˵棬ţԵɡ

ұۣû˵

ʱȸźߵſڣɤӣţ÷˵ذգ綼˯ˡ
÷æʣܲܽѣ
ȸЦǳߣӦ֪ģѺ˯ˡ˲ٲŷʶˣѲ⣬㾫ϻۣ˲Σʲô֪ˡ

˰
÷̾˿˾䣺һ꣬úôű£ӦñȸҺá

ȸĵЦˣĮū˵ʲôӦ÷֣ͷһذɣ󣬿ȴݡŴƺúܺãǱã߽澻ƣϥ²ŮԽԽ·ԽԽͨñʶ״֣أԲ˸Σʲôûõԣ˴һٴøҫôȢ̣Ҳø·ߣˮů֪Ѿ˯ˣ˵ĿЦͺ˵ȥ

ã÷奶û˵
ңԺһ綼˵ҩ֦ᣬκ

Ұʳзſڡ
÷ЦϡǵõʱҲôѩ죬ڼʱû˵㣬ʮһˣʱúÿ죬ʮȥˡ˳棬˯ˣҲţǶˣǾͳԵɡ

˵⻰÷奾ˡ
ҿһˣһѩУнԶڳСԺʱͣ½ŲתϷ

תźβȸ˯ɡ






59.     һ

59--

, ס÷ĵ졣
ڵȴӣͬ÷Ҳڵȡ

⼸, ƽ˾˴š

ڼ÷, Ҫͬ÷Ӳˡ

֪, ܲˡ

һ棬͸߼С֮ǻ
һ, Ҷﻳѵĺ, ǳʲô, Ρ

ⲻ, ѣԥ, Ц˵綼ã߱, ˵죬Ҳʲôͷȥ, Һѿ

֮ԡ

ʱ, ¶δ, ֮һЩ

⼸, ÷ĺæ

˱Ͳ, ʮ, ȫӲش, ǲģǲϧزΪͷ򷢻ȥ, ԴˣͿʼѰǰԪµֻƬ

գԼĥܵġԪκ֣αżӡ
ҹĸ˳͵æңĻ˵һʱ첻żͷϡƷİġ

վԼҺ޲ܳ÷奵ĸΣ
վмָлԼӣ
վѵǹ÷奣ζЦѣ
վڸǶԸôɱ˲Ѫа



֮սǰѾʼԤӦˣҵĽŽҲվ

û÷ңʮأܺģԼŮ˺ͺӶͷȥȡѵȸ˵ʵ⹷վȻסҼˣҹ磬ְֽ顣

֮˶ϧɣ⹷ĦҼͷ˽ӣùպվɿԿƿֻҪ˲ţ͢᲻һõġ

ҼҲôСĺӣȻ˵֪ȱָͷˣԼȥ·̤̤ʵʵߣϲǲ壬û˵Ҳ̹Ȼܣڸĸϥ³лТ˳Ҳá

⻰þòܻ⻰˭̵ģ

һЦ˵ȥĹøȰſģҲĹôл˵ȥεӺһʱ᲻ӸŹӡСƽͷСǺεʹ࣬־ǵɣõ߳ͬԼͽ⣬;˳Ȼͺá

־ϲССͣؾȻ˻澹ø
ңֻؽб¡
ãֺ֡ơֱʹøŷҼҺȥ˯

и˵ԵүҲͣҲȥʲô

֪ǣպ󣬻Ŵӡ



ãȸŴ򿪣ҡɹ̫֪˯ˣμѲҪҶʿתͷμߣͨǽɫƬֻĽǣﻹм˵ҪȥҲãһֱᣬţˡ

ʶȥӣ˿ӻڶﴧš

ͷһȸڴСǶҸ׼ҵˮֻһŲ𣬳ǰһűɫԽаˣʮ£ϴ֧Σ

ѾͷſڣẬң۽ǲţỽ̫̫Ȼ߽ȱߡ

ϣ
ж㣬æȸȥ
˭֪ѾͷƿȸָҿͷҪСԲʣҸǰ
˵÷һĴҵˣҲֻˡ

ҲǸпǰףһ÷ҸɷѾͷŶ飬ӱ˽ţ˺졭
һֱϲĳȣڼʱ͸չˡ

ôˣ
ҰѸƸЦʡ

ūƣ˵ˣסա
ĨᣬСؿҵĶӣʣֲʣų̫̫Ӧÿ˰ɣ


ḧŶӣ
ֻһδѾͷ˸ƵģƻƵģͷҲûǰָϴĴָЩɣѵǽˣָ죬ƺ÷奴һԶ
Ѿͷô
Ħ֣ʡ

ʱ£ǿסʹЦūȥ˶ŮѪˣˣټϧӸ֣Ԫˣͷûָãһֱ©Ҳңˡ

ϡ
һæŤͷȸͷԺд˰ƣģҪ
˵⻰ͬʱҲԼ֪üͷ

̫̫Īģ϶˳˳ġ
ҵĶӣЦԽԽˣʮˣȥ˿϶ūӡ

ѾͷҲѧ컬ˡ
š졣
亮Ѻα⣬ȸױ˼Σٰƥ֯ãȥ

һ꣬úôûٿɣ
ʡ

òõľ
ָҿ˸ͷлҵʹͣЦԴ̫̫ߺ󣬴˱ūܼң֪ģǺԺŮ˶࣬ǷǶ࣬ΪǮͲЩ´ܰ죬ūͷҪӦ̫̫ʹˣͷиĹҪܣҪ͸ټ̫̫ʱֺã̫̫Щ潸ūйȥûͷشڴǸģʵڵĲУ𼸾䣬ūڼͣա

̾˿Ҳǿ㣬ڴɰǸϧˣҲ

š
ĨԹͷʵ
ǰմ˰򷢻ȥ˭֪·ڣ˵ģҪس˺ҵ죬ü˲ע͵ˣ֪ڱˡ
˵´᲻סµȴЩ㣺ŵС˵ϵıûʵ·©ȥˣˮļ˵ʱͳˣʮֵ֮ⷢʬס

һˣ
ϸ΢飬ǡûƣʣô˵ģ

û˵ʲôֻڹײˣҲȥ˵Ǽҳ󡣡
½ǣ̾˿


û˵ʲôĬĬسѸ⡣
ڴʱͷ˵Цбȥ÷奴ŴӴСԺˡ
ͷһת֣ԼĶӣҲƼˣû÷ҴˣػǸ˽ºġ


̾˿ū˵ԴߺӣԼɨκ˽ȥū֪ϲ˵ʵһֱܾá

Ҫˡ
ҴĻƼ÷ѾվſˣЦҺʹǺþۺɢҲȰǸϸصˣ˵ǳ¼ҵѾͷɳүôҲǰ㵱Сģ˻գпҰ˵˵顣

⡭
󾪣ĨϲɫתįһЦλȨأȢң϶Ǻ߹ټҵС㣬ū䡣

Ҳ̫ԷƱˡ
ҽԼͷϵĽΰ£ϣϸЦǱǸˣЧôãͻݣ˱ǲҲġ

ǿ˵÷ġ
ѵĴȤضв²⣬ټȷѶҸ谮⻰һʵˡ顱ֵҪ⣬

ҵ˼ǣ÷奸ǰЩ

ڴʱͷˬʵЦ

̧ͷȥ÷Ƚʲôأôġ
˵ͬʱӭЦ·˷˵ҪлյĹ֮顣

æӭȥ´ӡ
δƺ׳ˣͷźɫƴ멣ֳⱼͷ֮ϵķѩ֮أŸʳУ崺Ϲƽᡣ

˽ɺã
Цʣ΢΢ͷǼ

öá
һѣЦ˵մݻ·Ͽ˳

˳
ĿƵؿңʳУҹ·̫ߣС˼ǵ÷Ӧþ֮ǰڽЩӤĲ˹ĺСϻͷѾСԺȥˣǡ֪¥ǵ÷˰㣬˳

ʱԱŵ÷´ӵĸ첲Ҳǳ͢سӦԳƱ٣ƺԼСˣЦ

л÷ѣټˡ
΢򢣬һЦҵʱºȣʳзҽűߣ˺üٴιҼһЦ֪֮СԶǱºͷ˵ļū
˵⻰ֱس÷奣ûķϻתߣ߰÷ˣǻҪء

ȥ
÷ЦӦС

ߵߣ۹˳˼أûʳУϸϸطһ飬ӻͳͲȡ鶾ÿ˳˿ڣա
˳ȥﰲյҸǰӵ˼æ˵оɶڣ㵽ǱµŮˣԶЩ񲻶ԡмǣ׳˸ĶҪġ

лѡ
ﲻ̫ˣԱ΢Ц°ŬŬͷȥæգ˯
˵ҿȸȥʹˣ˳һ˼ңױ̨ϻǶĽ˶Ůҵñ˼

⻰÷Цߣַ¼ϵĳѾͷƬӶѣҲֵġ

ҰıӰûǻ

ʣһ˺ҰСڴϣЬʳ˴ͷĲ˺úҰѴ¡
ʱĽżˣĶɤˣʳָߵʳиײ㴫նĻ

Ҵӷϰӣҧ´ײȻָŷ⣬ͷ˻ᣬ˳ɵ˽¡
Ųš
˵οԼҵֻǲԾ΢΢æ˼ѹȥŷ⡣

۶Ǽÿݽ壬ȷǳױд


ϣҵĺӰҲ㻹ǵðϳ£ϳûϳӿɻʣİɣϳ˵ģһѵ.þãӷ޼ɱŮŮʲô

ҲЦ
ѵκ֡

ţ˵ҹŮˣϳ¿кˣлӣҹŮյĹذģպض౨
˵ҲȰȰٶӣĻ׼˵ҹŮǣôͱ˸ƭأлӷõĺӣǰװױǴˡ

̿˿ƬЦڻ˼ӷ硣

ӣԹ
ϸϸţΪĴеǣȻŵù磬̸磬Ǹͬͷ˵䡣

԰òŮ˹Ȼͬ˵ʱ˳㣬һԣȴЦѹ·ܳɣû뵽û뵽˯˻ʵۣ㡣

ҡͷЦЦ¶ӣŶ

ӣҪˮˡ
ӷǵӣ޼λ֮ܡ
¶˼·Ȼӣ빬ң˱лźһߵͣı֮λԲԣ

Һʱۣ˿ûҵ뷨ÿһͱѴһߵڣ˻˸ӣһã·ѾеǣۿźӶᱻѱߣ֣ˡ

֪ҵĲˣ¶

ӣشˡ

һ
Ϻ꣬ıҲı߯׼ˡ

ӣվڻʵ۵ĽǶ롣
ǻһʱγɾƣȣǰȣһԼ¡һţƱش־ƣʽ΢㱳Щǧ˿ƵĹϵȴúܣһ֪ǱŸᴢ֮λȥģʱ㽫Ϊʸ֮ģżҶδǰɱĸӣʵҲԸһıλŮˣس֮

һ¡
ʵûԤףķ̽Ŵºٺ׶졣
ѵ·ˣѵ룬ȥĸ

ŵ˰ɣΪʵôõĸȷѪġɻʵۣﶼǧˡ

һ﷢ɣԴ죬ҳ¿

ӣѡ·գһŲ̽䡣

ŷƵĿڣ΢΢ͷſ

ӣĽǸգ⼸ֵķġĽ飬Ҫ빬Ǽ£ӽֱӱ.¶żǰرơ

ˣ˵꣬˵õġ

ӣǵӣǻʵ۵ֻ֣ӣպĲǵʤ㻹еġҪǣô΢ʤŴ󡣡

һϲϺ˵ʤ㣬ǾͿıһı

ӣʵͦ򵥣Ҳ뵽ǾǷϺһСӽǳӣû˵ճݣҲˣʵ˵޴ܷϺ㱾Ҫʲôø˰ɡ

ⷬҵ˼·Ҳ˳ˣҲ侲⣬ؽſ

ӣﵣģһͻᱻߡ
ǿ϶£񲻳˽Ұӣ˵ʵۿܻ֣粻̫ͬ

֣ǸŮˣݼз࣬ǸĻɲ⡣ϸ룬緽˵ʵҪάֺǰһ־ƣ֣λʢѶӸǰʾʵҪ֣ƣ
С֣ƣʵѺӸҲɽ
ԣӶɻʵԽ߽̫ˣҪϲˡ

ҧſͷͷϺȻŶ

ӣ˭ģ˭ƫţϻ˵ǸӣȴǸָģ˶ޱ壬ǸʮʮСˣƨӾ;ҶǶõĺӣֻСЩëëŰˡ

ҵĪúܿ졣

ӣĪҪǰһһصĵʧͼ֮
׻˵һһʵ۵ǻԬ塢÷奣Ԭ壬ⶼһģǧ˿ƵĹϵǵѾˣǺ£˵Ǿ͵õȣ
ģӿ϶ģΪ˺ӣԼӪඡ÷һˣʮǰҲˣôڻ˭ţ

һ⣬
¿Ȼд˸֡

ӣҪ˵һ£Բܵ÷奡
һܴ죬΢һ㣬ͱʵôߵҲˣһʮ·
ֻһλλ˳һԬ壬һ÷奣޽УʱӢۣ˵㣬֮ҵĶˣ˶պضʡ

ͷ÷⼸ϴĶȻ÷ֶκӡ

ӣ÷奷ֿúͺģĪҪһԹԶǵǷһ飬ʹӣƵǱߣʲôأ
һʮģô׸ϣǰУʱؼѪܵ
պ£Ĵ󵨵֪ôǰ˯յС潸һ£󵽸ᷳܰͰǻʵ֪ռǿ

üͷ΢壬ָƿƣӦûɡ

ŷһҳ𿴡

ӣƱڴӴСϻͷ
ˣףڳһ˳
ĺط٣ϳ¡

ҡͷһЦֽŴͷβһ飬Ȼ˴ӽ̿ˡ
Ұɫ·ɣֻɵĴ̵

ҷ߳ȥۣﷺζ

죬Ҫˡ






60.     Уʰ·磡

60--

ϳµ, ·һҩǰһӾͿǿա

, ҷ˼
ʵݹȫ, һվһǳĵλ˵, ˺ûȫǾ͵õ, Ϊ׼

֢, ǾǷϺ
˭ܷϺΩѡ
ƾʲôϺŵʹ, ϸϸı

յź, Ҵ÷奰ѺҪ˾ߣʵ, ҪҪνˣʼա
˭֪ĺæʹ鷿̸һ, ˴ţ˿

Ҳ, ˳, ˼ҡ
һվ, ֻԷİβĳ˸ĳ˴, ˼, ˯ȥرů, ЩС, ӤССͰ˲Ѫҩġشࡢӵůñ

С

ҹ˾ʱ򣬽һСϻͷó, üӲߣȻͷƱû߰ͷ˹С

ʲôǡ
ĿǰҪƽѺá

ҵҪ죬᲻

⼸գҲЩ÷奵Ķ
ʵۣڼżȻǰԪ˽ͨκżϸظ͢ս֣ʹڰˮṴܣ۽УԪ˽ȡ¸вƱ࣬з湱Ʒ

ͬʱگҲϢ
Ԫͬšĸ׷׼ٸ淢̰ܻߣ˳͢档

ʵ۴󾪣ּߪԭݴʷ÷Ϊ̲ɣָͬʹ·ͨԪⰸһʱ䣬Σ˭һ֣ţʵ֮Σóһ߹٣֮š

²Ÿ˸ͷϷںͷء

ַƹܣ÷Ҳͣ
ⲻ÷ɷϲأ
ǰ÷ֻ˸檣ʵ͵͵Ҳ˽̫ҽΪβǸûֵŮˣɷŸյ˸λۿžͿھˣˡ

˵÷ãԱ̫̫ȥ䣬һ־ԪõĹԱûȥǾô˰÷奿⹹ݣ˽³ϱУ֪÷ıӦνּˡ

÷Ӧò̫æˣܳհѺˣʵһһҪͬ˵Ǿӯ䡣

ںԒԼ׼š
æظ˳ʣҪȥ÷Ĺøô
Ҳƭӣ˵ȥҪ飬һͻ㰲ڼҿ֡

֪СƫҪһȥ˵ȥģɸײţĸãĹڼչĸףæţǸ߼ҵĳӣһҪŹġ

СһӾͰҸ˵ˣôôµĺӡ

Ǿһȥɡ

ϵʱֲõԤУܾҪˡ
ۻȥ˵Ѿ÷ĺš

һƬƲҵȫ˰׵ģ洦ɼԲڷֽǮȵԶżԪζ

ȸһһҷңе⣬룬ô£мͣſľײģİλ÷女ճյϣϴТϵ˴ľ׵Ĩɫһ֪˹ȣԼˡ
ϵϣŸˣ޵ȥ߶ţ̫̫ôūȥأԪѾˣôģ
ˣһԷ̵ѾͷϣѾͷæУŪãתѣѺſޡ

ô˵أ
еЦеɱ

÷奡ּɶܻϷ

ҿŰϵλζӳ¡

ˣʮһ꣬գҵ䡣

һѾ۵Ը룬Ĺ¾͵ɡ
Ҹŵĸʹ˸ɫȥ÷֮ǰסСԺ

ɣߵüһЩùβδüߣȵʱģȸȥʰһ£ùһһߣºȹˮıӣһ

ף
ȸɻؾӹȡҴСͷһЦ·ϴųġ

ö𻨸⣬ιȥȫ˰ɡ

ڴʱͷ󼱴ٵĽŲ˻δζˡ
ס΢ЦųǰȥȻ÷ˡ
ѾТȥϴӳͷϴڣŸʳУЦ˽ƼδֳȤеߣʳĻСȫ˳ҺǰֻƱ

ôˣ
ЦŶƺԼ˱ҵһ㣬ԹԵͷˣӣؽֺ˱ۣ˷ܵ˵°ףûɣ

΢Цŵͷͷˡ

ʲô
һӣЦ˵Լ͢æңһûԶݵնҲȥ
ڷһӾ»Ƴ˿˵ףҵģЦ
㶼֪ٳȻݸѻ죬кЩԪԩ˵ҿ⹹ݣЩ˽½ɵɣȥغͲѼ̰ī֤ߣһǣ
˵ԼҨ˹˺ȥǳԼˣҭסˣĴĿڣЦ֪ô·ΪɣǿǷǳҪĴ٣űಡQ˼꣬ʱҾΪ飬Ȼ󡭡

ੲݣЦŵͷûȴʵЩˡ

·ҲȤЦͳӣϵķͣŤͷŵ´ӵͷЦʣÿĺӣ˭ҵģ

ҵܵܵĶӡ
Ҵӱ˰Цø
ЦЦ˿ڣ÷˼ɡ

ԣظ÷˸

÷û˷ּȵ˷ܣĬĬظԼ˱ƣűյָʱӯ룬ˣ񡭡ǣֶҲˡ
˵бۿĨЦӣ٣٣

󣬿࣬ϸ˼Ƭ̣ǰ˼¸÷صؿ˸ͷ͸ϺʹТвңʹ⣬лʮչ˹衣

Һ÷ͬʱסĿԣȻͬʱ

һʱ䣬˭˵ر䵭䣬ó˾ζ

÷һЦ·Ĩ۾ЦТ˳µĺӡ
˵⻰תһԵСԲС̴ľ񻨺ӣͷԣ˱ƣǸСƸңǿЦǺ飬ǡʼ

л
´΢Цʹ˸ɫúӰţȻֳסӣ׼ߡ

¡
÷好סңǰ㣬첲̧𣬸¡
ŵ΢ЦǸĳӴ򿪣ȡᣬҵչǱ¸ģ͵ˣһֱûϸȥ㡢㿴

һ⹷ʲô

ҽ̨Щսһƣһ󾪡
һһŮеĴźɫװϽڣѣǰŸ׻ɴŮˣ֫ϸƣҡѻɴʽˡ

ҵü죬ǲԾȻֻϻʫƳԪдġ

ʱлȳ
쥺¶ŨŴ
Ͱĺѷ綯ҡƵ
ҹ֪ס
ԸϹˡ

ʫҷ·ȹƵģӶ˰ߣʫĩβС֡

Уʰ·硣

ж֣дԵøĿ
һЦʲôѽ׻Ǹա

ʱߵǰŻ΢΢ͷȻЦ裬˫ѽһǸһ·˵ѣʰ·ء

סô
ۣ⹷ڻռҵıˡ
ͷֺõ⣬ֱʣԼ÷奴İɡ

ûƣָͷḧŻϵǸῡˣЦžٴ׼ߡ


÷奺Ȼ


ʶӦ

֡
÷奵ͷ˫ֽľƺŨˣãȻңЦºͣ⼸Էȵʱľɵ֪ҵ£㡭ΪλᱻѺ
˵ָͷķָ£λֱʣ

Цŵͷ
û˵ԼҡҲû˵һû˵·.衣

ÿңǰɡ
ңȻﷺЦȻֺˣô

ɺô
Цʡ

ָۣЦ꣺Ҳҵʮ갡

ٴΣٴԡ
ͷƾƣŤͷ濴

ͷֿʼѩһʼֻСԽԽͬغܿͰˣ·⳪衣

ðһ䡣
ЦſңִŶͷʣã

⡭
ҶסȥһʱҰ˱Ƚ飬Ҫ˵ȴ治֪Ӻ˵
ţһҾԼŮˣȻҲܡֱŤúġ


ЦЦŤͷĨ˰ңʮ꣬񳳼ܵĴһֶֻĹ
̾˿ƺ͹ͨԹôһַͬŻйٳ˵úôˣϱӵ˶ٺ£ŵҸ֪ʱڵдǴģӣû˵ķӶܿӦǳ߹С㣬ί¼޺Ϊң･̣һֱ˳ңҸоԼǸûõĶ

ɡ

˵ꡣ
վƺϣȻһЦҵʱʮˣûкӣⰡҪӡ

Һú˵
ָͷᣬ㲻˵֪檣ˣҪˡ

ٴԶԣɫѾȼ˴롣

ɣȥǲ˵ԺҲ˵ˡ
ҵͷԼĴӣۣ˿ӯ䡭㣬

һ𣬻̧ͷôˣ

ϣҿˡ
ҴͳǸ÷ĺɰϣȻȻˣţ͵Լһ⣬ǧҪ⣬ε̾˿˵

ʵ

˵ˣǷⱲӶ˵ڣǸѿ
˵⻰Ƿ˺üŴ㵵ϥӯӯ˸񣬶ңжԹȥʮꡣ

ɣˣףǰƽá

ЦȴЦ֪ˣ˵ãҲףԺƽ⣬ÿռҶ߸˵ġ

Цŵͷתȥǣ֣һ߳ӣҪżȻסҡ

⡣

Ҷ˶٣δͷһֱǰߡ

ѩô󰡣ʱ˴ǰ㣬ҿˣȻЦˣɣ˵ûˣֿտߣˣκζɱء



һ·ѩֻԼ֪ܻȥôһٵʱҪġ

ĨȥϵĲᣬЦ߳÷š
Ȼ֣ͣǰվŸͦΡĶŵˣѡ
ɫĴ멣ĨЦ֣óɡĺվһߣ֡

ü۽Ц

ЩЩϸ
СӭӺסңӵߣɵǺǵҪϳｫǸװ˺ĽߣָЦȥȸ泵Сů͡

򴽣סЦûԹ
սȥżɺŵС㣬º˶̹ˣô˵أͬƶϣġ
ʱҲˣ࣬û˵ָĦźϵĵ񻨣бңЩ˼ʣ

¶ˣ

š
ҵͷ
ʱжҡҡλεġ

ѸɿǰͳɫӣֱˣȥɨͷͼϵĻѩ
ƿŴ㵵ĻҡΣϣ˭ģѣ
Цĵ⣬ս΢ĿȤԭиѰСŮǹªˡ

ôŶ
ҧĦȭơ

ѸѸѡ
Ҳģһֱ
ȻұססҵĴ
ЦŻӦôҡỹҰԵ
þúþãŷſңӺ滷סңҿϡ
ḧҵĶӣңûĵģĴܵ÷ǲǿСӳÿǰԵţ

ϣ˭Ҵ׹Ӵˣˡ
ҹ죬ѵ֣תĴָϵָ
Ҳȥζѣ˵ˣһϱؼҲа

˭ϱţ
׺ݡҧ˿ҵĶ䣺˵˵㡣

ѵġ
Цû֦Ҳ

ǲѵ㲻ˡ
װҪң΢΢Щҵƨɡ
ˣֱӰס


ỽҡ

š
Ӧ


ֻ

š
ұۣӦ

ˡ
ҵĲ

Ҳ㡣
ҹ

Ϳķǰɣͷ͵ȥ㣬Ҳ֪˭˯˵λź޵֡
ҵĲӣȻֳɿЦѽͱﲻסˣϾͿʼˣϵˡ


Ҹоӿʼһһģһץסѵ֣ŵˮˣô찡

ˮ
ס̽ʣǡҪô




61.  Сѳ   տ֣

61--Сѳ

, Ҫˣ
æͷ
ӵʹҿʼţ֪ץסѵ֣Ҽٴθ˲, Ʃ֮ǰӯ, Ѿͷͷһֱ̥Ƿž, һʬҲͷ, һأ

Ų, ŵ, һж˳

Ҵں, Լ侲ʲô, 㵱궼ܴ߳ӣʲôġ

Ȼ, ҲĦҵıͼҷ, ͬʱ, һƿ, ͷŵȵӱ޻ȥ, ̫ҽ׼á
, ŤͷһߵӾϿЩ, ɵ, 죡

ؽҧסһһʹ
ĳ侲̫ˡ

, ɵš
ϺһѪָ˴¹--Ϻ󣬶ܷϺֻѡ
ұʻҪѡ
С¥ҲδжȤǸΣֻҸңҪʲô
תȥʱס˵Ҫһѡ

Ҵһ棬ܺӴ

ڣΪҲһ͵ĹϵڵǸͺõĻϣһ

ӲᣬİŪ£ƽͷȵ˲䣬ץסӣ٣Իң̴ڰţ֪˵ЩʲôͼõЩο

ûۺܿͻȥˡ
ӰҲȥϵĺü΢壬ͼԼ侲οңţҪñӺ

Һ¡
һӾͱסˣ˲䣬Ҳ֪ԼϷ飬޵С涵ؿסʣһô죿һӺô죿һѪô죿ǲҪˣ

˵ʲô
߳ûҶӣĦҵĸ첲ҷɣͬʱ쵽ȹ˰ˮüͷøˣָпͷܵóٿЩ

Ҳǹˣһƽ
·ɽܿס

һ
ѽͷϵλȫжָ.뵽ҵͷҰĦͷƤؿҵ˫ۣ

аˣһ˿


ѵС֮ǰƣң

Ŷ
Ҷ̴ٵغ˿ڣȻԽˡ
ҴſǻлУҵôĽࡣ
¡
ץס½󣬡šؿޣǡμȫǽƬߣͷֻСǣмһһô죿°

ѼֱЦãɵӣμС
οңû¶ǸҲ޵ĺӣ޸òãıϹ룬أʲô

˵䣬ͣˡ

ͷһ󼱴ҴҵĽŲţӱ˴ͷƿһʮĸˣƣжأǹġ
ȸѼȻһһҰҸǰĪҪţ˵ˣȥū˼ָģһƽġ

ţŵʵѾˣʱһץסѣʲô˵񵱳ǸͶ·ץסһ

ûڡ
ҵͷӱ𣬰ؽľӡ
ԼĴ멣ҸϣȻ̧ҵǡһܣʱʱѺСĽ£һЩˡ

ѩţϣġ

ڱ̧˲䣬ץסϧûץס
ůһӦĹˮɴӵ綼׼ˣҲˣԺд˳Ҽ˸ͷҩ
ңûӦͱ̧˿ϡ
ӷºҿǰѾϴֵţһѣһȹӺ㣬пҵġ¡

ģ˲ȫûе߳ȫš

Īָֻ
ŰҲЦúƿס

ʲô˼
һŵʣʵ֪Ҫȫ˼ǣҵۣȰ

Ī£ǳūźԵ㡣

úúá
æͷöЩʳ
ϴγҩСۣʹС׼ס
ҳԶۣˮۣ΢Ų£ۣ˵ۣ
Ǿۡ
Ҳ֪˶ãʱʱƿӿ̫ҽ˵ָˣοңЩ
̣վ˵ۡ

Ҳ֪˼ʱ񼸱ôãʵڿŲסˡ

أ
ҲʹһԵš

ƫɡ
æҡ
Ϊ˿ҵģЦһֱŷء

ʲôʱˣ
ҧʡ

îʱˡ

ôʱûˣҲˡ
ҽץסӣָ׶ˡ
Ҫˡ
Ҵںţ΢Щץסŵĸ첲Ű󣺡ȥѱ½нҡҸ仰

żˣҲǻˣȥ£οң̣ͿȫˣūѾͷˣһԴǼЩôܽطأ̣

̲ˣ
һƿţƵģ£ϣˣѣҾҪˣ

Ŵ󾪣æסҵĿڡ
ʱƺ˵һƿţǰһڣĿǰ侲ţƺЩˡ

ǰ
ѴӣҲᣬǿֳЦοңټһ£Ͼˡ

ۡ
ҿ޵ϡﻩ
ۣһۿΪ˸ӣƴʲôز
Ҵٽһǲʹס۾ϡ
ȻѼֱңҵҲˣæԺдˣˣιȥˡ
ģ䣬ҿԺд˺ƽˣסҵĿڣҩͬʱ롣

ȿȡ
ұǺˣڴţûˣؿѣ۾ˣˡ
㡭
ҧ涵ؿҪˣѺ󣬱𡢱۸

˵ʲô
Ѵŭŵøǰȫˡ
ʲô
ƺҲǼûӣǨŭϣҪһ£ᡣ

仰飬ҵľˡ
ץס֣ƴؽҧí˾ǰ󷢺ڣҸоʲôﻬȥˣţ˸߲ҵ֣

ˣˣǸСӰ

ģ䣬ҿסˣһϲһɵò֪ǳҿ۾һգȻˣЦĨȥ۵±ӵţ˿ŴյҸǰҵͷЦ
Ƕӣûǵһӳˡ

ȻˣЦֻسͷ

ڡˡ



˳ˣðҶˮϴȫ̶ߣĲ̺ͰǲزסҿҪһ˵˵Ҫصʹˣһѹһ۲ۣ

Һ˻Ϣٸ˵ˡ
ģ䣬Ӥţžϲഫ

ūЩں󹬣ôͷһؿôɾƯĺӣͷֺŨЩɱʴ¡
ϣСӶͷմѪֻСǣպǸǿģϲ¡ϲˡ

ǿžȥơ
Ѿϴãűţݵ
ѽżˣ˿ĭСرãЦˣڷͬٺ㣬ԼĶЦ̵ʱÿУ࣬żƣȻϲ

СǲǶЦˡ

һü۽ЦѣҪ׶ӣȴŪˡ
ŤͷҿˣæŵذѺӱطҸǰ˷ܵ㿴쿴ġ

Цſۣˣ̫ˣ߱ߡ

ˡ
ѡࡱһۣ˽ۣ˿˫ȹ࣬һӣһֿңǧپ仰˵֪˵ʲô
ڴʱӿˣһ㶣ȻյҸǰЦӶˣҪ̡
˵ң綼ͷʹ̫ҽ˵ĸ׵ĳԺӺã÷˺ףܲһ£۶ιһڣι˾Ͳˣٺ١

С
Ұһۣͷ
ҿ½
һ˲·˾æ̧۰֣ȳȥ

ôˣ
ҡ

˼
Цıȿ޻ѿҽ°ɡ

ѽ㣬ʲôʱôˡ
εЦҡͷ˳ңְҽºͶǶˣ׼õʪӽϴ˷Ȼ
棬ɫף΢Щ·ǵѪ
Ѷӱſϡ
ǣӷ·ĸ׽Ϻ󣬺ȻͲˣԼҵԵĵط˱.

һӾͱסˣһ¡
ҵĸˣʮ꣬ԼĺˣһǺ˺ӡ
ҿѣ֣ҲˣߣűӣĦźӺҡ

лл㡣
ֱĨȥһЦؿңָҿᣬʣҪʲôȫ㡣

ҪĶɶˡ

⻰Ҳδ˵ڡ
ҿЦſޣʲôҪ

˵Ǿλ֣޶㡣
ĿƵؿңƺ˵ѡ

ҡͷһֻסӣһץסӣˣ϶Ӧ

˵
֣ص

ҡҡ
ίؿޣ˫ĿҸղŸо䣬Ҫˣܱܲߣҡ
û˵Ļᣬ̾˿ЦˣҾͿЦˣ㻹Ҫϳء

ѿңĿǰظҵͷŤͷӣѹסͷĺ㴫޵ּ֣˵ͻʣȥ̼ס˭ճһա

ҵʱס
ţҲ˵˵ˣû뵽ˡ

¡
˭֪ס

˯¡
ѰŽؿң޽ߣĸӡ

ҺᣬЦųͷ

ҹһڰ

öӡ
ðѡ




62.  Ϊ˸ĸ   

62--Ϊĸ

û뵽, ⲽ

ЩϷյ, 硣

ҶҶ, һۣһű, ȥѴʱҸǰ, ǰѹ, 쳤, սؿ, һ۲ضű˱̡

ָͷظźӵͷͰزס

һЦ, ҲЦˡ

ɺȻ𷽲Ըع֣̼, ס

ʲô˼֣ƣ֣ƾ֪֪ҵĴڣ

ֿʼ˼
Ѳϳ²´, ѻѺӽ֣

֣ƴδı, ȴ׹

ü, к, £Ĺϵ, ǿǶı
Ѹ߶, Ǹˡ
ɳΪзŮˣ

ҵú, ѵ׺֣ʲôĹϵ
ޣֿѣ֪



ʵһ룬潻֣ǽ·˵ˡ
ɡ
˾, ԷڣСһԹԵſϣ᲻ð


ͻȻҵ˼
ӰҲᣬḧ΢ͷüͷ˸ʲôأ

ҵȻ˵֣ơ

롭
Ҵźӣһ᣺ڱȸֻèСôôͷôһûãô죿컹δůŪô죿
ԽԽţ᲻ԾˣűӣʵģҸղžȻֵͷҶҾôһҲԸ⡣

ǹҡ
ҡͷεЦЦָйֻůñҴͷϣѹǰôྭϵš϶Ѷչ˺ãġ
˵⻰ͬʱƼſؿ˯ˣæ֣ƿӣӱ˳ƽСϣùСѣظӴ

Ҫ
ؽҰȥ˳ְҰ½ϣȻŰŪӡ

˯һϣɤӶˣ޿ۡ

š
΢΢ͷ£ץסĸ첲

ģ޲ߡ
ݸǳЦҸ첲Żر˵˽㣬ߡ

š
ҺͷҲ˯ɡ
ίͰ͵ؿǸˣ㲻һæͨңƣ۾ˣŶ˯ˣҲϽһ

С
Ц£δй˽źԹԵشӹͷӣ˯ӵһߡ
ԼͬһмС˶ı۾˭ҲǹˣȻԽԽ˳ۣҼ޶һ㶼

ſţҵˣ۾һվ˯ˡ



ĸףۡ

ҸоձۣζûüͱӿŪˡ
Ҳǣ˯ĺܳ۵΢΢ɶһޣ˲ۡ

Ϊ˸ĸֶˡ

һ죬Ҵι̣ĴΡָܻԪ̵һζûУҪѳԾжѳԡ
һʼΪ˸ӳõġ顱һźȥʵǶĵòУżζ£Ҳûӣֻܺң˵Һһڣͺһڡ

ã˼һʵүȳˣʱʱ͵óȥ衱

ʵƣʹǻĬĬر̾˿۵ǾһԺˡ

仰Ҿûһࡣ

ҹѾ˰죬ΧŶת۵˯С

һ죬æطҲæúܡ

ѵ̽һһ˵౨Ϣ

عȥЭ֣Ȼǰ󹬶ˣ¾ˣôһֱ㣬ô䲻

ͷһľ䣬˵һõϢŶȥϵ˶֪˭ϵſȴ֣ţý
ôʺּŭָĲռ֪Ϊ
֪֣ƮƮһ仰ȥˣ˵Ȼʼݱ˸вѣϵǻڰ빣ͻвʣŲʺذա

䵱Ȼܻȥʮɻ֣Ļм봳ļƣֲңǴŶӹͷ޵滨꣬޷Ǿǵı壬һҪʥŷġ

֣Ȱ˷ãֲðʺ󣬱ùǸӣʲôҲû˵˸šۻ

ڵ˰ʱûʲô
Ǽ˰ɣöӼţּֽͬʱȥ̫ҽԺһһ
ĽǣżҸԡǡΪɣԬҪ£̽̽ʵ

µʱʵ˷
һЩ͢سѲڣǿôãպôȥ

ҰԼĵ˵عȥɣ¶ִˡ

˭֪˵һЦȵڿϣҸӲ飬˵û£޵Ҫһˣôҷ

̽ر

˵ʱ֣Աͻʺ۵⣬Ҳָʹ·ͨغӣƽȵſڣ˵岻ʣϢʵ֪λ˼ʲôʺＱʲô

ѵôˣ˭
һֹԱѡ񾲹䣬ǱȻ¡Ųңǲɣ
żҺͲܼԭҲȴ̽Ϣһ֣ˣԼáӦó˵£
ҸԻظ飬ǵȷ﾿ô桰ˣصռȻ

ǣ͢ҪԱʱٴμ⣬ʥ
֣ɫ糣˼Ц˵Ȼλ˶ģаɣ¾ǣʵʣ˾ţԬ

ԬԣԼĪյ˵³ҩЪϢˣλ˸˾ְøʲôʲôĪҪ̫ǣҲĪҪС֣˭ȻּһѷƵĶ⣬ʲôͳ

ԬӲκεɻƫĸӡ
ôһ˵Ǳ˵ĽӲʣǵ̽һĳЩǲǶԴλв֮ġ

ôЩԭҪ⣬Ҳҹˣ
ЩʲôҲҴˣ
ЩΪȻҲҶˣ



֣ţԬţԭҵͷȻסˣƽ˾Ȼʲô¶ûС

̽ЩµʱϣŶȣһŲ裬һЦʲô˵
װûڶӸǰ£ȴµúܡ
õַҵʵʱթȻôô˵Ųҽֻ롰̽ûʲôʵʶºһ£ҲǱ亹պСĽ

ﲨƹܣҲֵúܡ

ճˣ˵÷·ϣڱ˹ȣ֧εˣ͹Щž˻ⲻ˶п÷Ǹˣ̾ûˣǸûģ

У

ǽ糿ϼ죬ʵں

Ȼ죬ǶĵȻһҹ俪ˣĵŸ̩۷׷ף˵ʩǰƽ֮ңʶѡڡƽԪꡱʢԤʾ̫ƽ̺壻

ˣϵһͨլԺкȻ䣬¶ںĶڣн˸ǼټһھԭһĹڳƾӶʹĳ̲һǼûڣæ˹٣ҴҸϵԿִۣϲ˵顷͡¹徭Ĵ£øϽϱ͢

˵ʵҶӳ죬ռʱ˺͡

ԼãЩ˿Ϊ֮ʵ벻˭ң˭ôֶΡ

ĵˣ˵׼ɻΪլĹɲαģǶǻĹ䲻˽أ֮һҲǼѵõġ

ֹˣһڵ𣬱ŶӣɻʣСӣ㵽ʲô
ʲôĳС⻰Ȼ죬Ц

벻ͨ£ͲҪ롣
Ǳ˰ı£Ƕ˵Ǽ£
ûôˣǾ͵ɡ

Һģ־ϲۣȻҹǵСԺȻӭ֮͡




63.  ȡ   ƫ

63--ȡ

ҹĻ, һλǡ

һ죬עҲƽ
е˼˾ˣɥе˼, ϲ֣е˼Ѳ¾, 㷲

˵һնţҲûϢ, ƣ۵ýʱ˯, , оģƺȸʱ䡱˵, ˳ˡ

ɰ

ˡ
Ǳߴٿ, Ҳ

⡣
ƲƲ죬ָӵС, ҧ˿ڣЦ˵أҲ֪˭, ȥƫ÷ôĹ, ػؿ˶ӺüΡ
ҡͷһЦ, ̧ȥ, Ѵʱվߵǰ, , żĽ, ĨЦ, δ̧ͷĻôزסġ

ڴʱڼĺӱ˴ͷ, ʮĿк
ȹظؽøż⣬ڿϣ쳤˲ӣϸشֲңѹҵ

裬ܵôôС

ͳˡ
һЦḧĺڷû£һµܵܵͷ

ϲ±ʳָĦű̥ȻӰǰҲˣ֪Сóʲôģ
˵̾˿ȻĿƵؿңʣӣһҹۣȸ㲻á裬ܵôģģ

⡭
Ҵ󾽣Ͱ͵Ĳ֪ôش
ʱֵมĨ죬װģЦų֣

ܵ˯㵽øø֡
˵䣬ýż⹴СӣԼǰߣվȥں󣬴ӱʼֻʣպīţְסС֣΢ЦŴһһ֡
֪øǻʵۣЩ˵׽˲٣׻Щη壬ӽֱţŵҧס´۾ֽϵ֣ϲۣø־Ҳд֣ãƽṹƺ

鷻ﳤģȻ۵󡣡
ѵͷִд˼֣Ȼ⹷վһߣӱʼ֧ʣȡżֽƽ̵ϣͬʱд֡
ԶҿдʲôԱŵۣ૵øȻд飬дпһĶã

⻰֮ɫŨдպֽϸԼӡ£īЩݸЦŰСӣԺ󵱴ұȥֻǡ
üһսЦգۡ

İɹøκˣ趼˵
վֱˣɫ֤


ݸƨɣȥգȸҹϱˣЩ˯

лø֪ˡ
Ѻŵسȥˡ

ָܿ˰ͽһī㡣

ҡͷЦЦүͶԵ
ʱѴ̧ߣ˵ҪӣЦŴң˵ôģĶģ

Ұæ֣űմīأ࣬ϴ

С
ҡͷһЦδߣս˿ӣ̾˿Ź£ܶⲻȥõĺӰ
˵ҵЦ˵Ƕӳ᲻Тϻۡ

˭֪ء
һЦ˵׼ǸƤĻħء

˵Ц䣬ͷȻ˵ָߵţһͳͽȻ

£ͷϢ˵ԬСԺѾȸ֣ԼĪСʱ͵ˡ¹СģϳϹ磬ͷǺҪҪס

⻰󾪣ԥƬ̣˰ˣɼ˶ţͷβ͡

ǰߺص´ȣôˣ˭ģûǸӣʣƣѽôС¶ް첻ãûá

ڴЦȤϣ»³ġ

¡
ָŶЦΣ壬ʱʵƨƨ߶߶˷˵ģԶ

ЦЦûӦ
ǰ㰵ʾһ䣬÷ѵܸɱһƬɴ䣬޺󻼣Ԭ岻һ˼ҿ˾ӣʱ˵ĻȻ˳ȴҳϵġ

ЦſѣʱͬʯӶƵĺ棬ȻѥϿװҪ˯ɺȻüЦŲЬܵǱߣóɫֱִã಻Саһϴţһ߻ͷЦ治޹ʰճҪһ䡣

Цǣ˵Ķԡ

˵䣬ҲʵҲʼ̼ǵǰ죬Ԭ廹һר̴ӳȥӯĺ룬վڻԴǵָҡɻ÷奿Ӻ˵жȣ㣬Ҳñͷǡ

Ҳ֪Ԭ忴ҺͶӣʲô飬ôݣ̱ܲҰɡǹΪġ

ºҺڿϣԻ£˭˵ȻεһЦĬظ£ȥ仨տӡ

ԼĪһյĹͷ󼱴ҴҵĽŲȹ˳ȴԬСĽ£ϸڻء
Ҵյߵɴ⿴ȻǰͷƣŸߴˣԶںĿģʱ˽˻Ų˵طȸԽӴЩԱܿͷ˺¡

Ԭ廹ǰ㿡ʣϲݻڣӳڱŶС׻˰̿źöˣüͷǹ񣬽Ѽ񣬲δĴӹ裬ûкȣڸǰİϡ

أ
Ҳǰӣ⹷زϸŻƤЦЦسԬ壬˿ڲ裬ɫȻЦʣô

Ļδ˵꣬ͱԬˡ
°
Ԭͷȭͷ߬סȻѣдλеǣ̾˿ôôĵطǰ󹬶ˣǷҲɻͺǲǰˣðһ֣̽ų

Щ˼һЦʣǹ㣬޵ȥģ

ԬĬȻ̾ĪҪʱƼһˣ𾪣Ӧñ⣬˳ŹȥȥѻʺͳˡɳʵǵģðŹ˵ȥһҪʥŷġ

θ֮ԣص̾˿ﾹмΣȻ⹷һЦʣ䣬ѵΪζڴ˴

⣬˵㲻ʡ
Ԭػظ

⻰˿Ԭ忴û¶ͻ߰ɡ
ɾڴʱҶӺȻ۵һˡ
ŵһ⣬æҪȥӵ죬°Ū޷ֻæ⿪ѣȥĿڡ
ڲʱȸñӽҺͺӶסŵбơ

Ȼͨ죬ЦüΣ֪úȲ軹ǳԵġ
ԬӤޣһ˲ȻȭͷᴸȣԹΣԸ棬û˵ʲôص̾˿£

´ֱĨ˰ɿͷܿΣʲôˣ

Ԭ˿ڲ裬æ꣬ȥ÷ɼԭϽ롣
˵ԬȦȻˣ̾˺ͳǾʶ˵ǰӯĻŪò̫ģݣȷ˳ıãݶ飬ʵѱ룬ıÿǰ̧˻ȥų·󸮵ʱ򣬱ȥˣ˭֪Žգ˵˭ѾͷĻˣɩĸһֱ˵ġ

ģȴҲο
ӯȻңϷˡ

ҰѶ£ǺñӣѴã⿴ʹ˴ʱǹ͵سҿЦеԬǰԬļЦ䣬޽޵Ķӡ

Ҵ󾪣ѵ
ҶܲǰԬƲҶͷԭأ˭֪ǿ˽

شӺײˣ·𶼱伷˲١

һۣε̧ͷԬ壬ʱԬѹҿңɲ仹⿴ҵʱסֱһ߿ңһ߿ԱߵӤû˵

㡢㡱
Ťͷѣ£ô¡
Ԭʲôû˵صض½ţ˦ӣš߳ȥˡ
أǹĨЦһۣ׷ȥˡ

ֻţ䲻һɺ𣬰⹷ӣҪʼڿ̽ˡ

뵽ˣæΣüơ
صϣúţƵƷţԬأüͷ˸񣬰ԭأ֪ʲô

䣬ô¡
ЦЩȻдĨˣʮָס̾˿ȥһ궼һ𡣡

°
Ԭ忡ŤѹʲôŮ˲ңôƫأ÷ɵġ

ĨȴһЦҲ֪ôˣ񱻹˻Ƶģ⣬С

ʲô
Ԭ󾪣ŵֱǰġ
Ԭһڼ䣬һѣ̾ʵɽȴܾԭˡ£ʵãҲг˵ʲôء

һ޹Ԭ壺кˣ޲֪ôͺӣ䣬кν飿

Ҵ󾪡

ˣ⹷̫ˣû´̽Ԭң᲻֮ģԬҽǾͻˣ
޷ٰȵȥˣ¿ô˵Ԭ嶼Ǹܲˣʵڲܽ
ߵӸǰʱ򣬺ȻԬֱͦˣյؿѣ൱

˱¼£ʵ֪λش𡣡

һЦŵ룬ˡ

˫ȭ߬סĶҪᵽɤˣ⿴
ֻԬ΢˼Ƭ̧̣ͷѣ˸񣬳£һࡣ

˵
ָ棬΢Ц

Żʺټ˵óӵʦ̻Ӷ˵ĵ
Ԭֹ˼֣ɫʱŸָӣһҲó̴ӡ

Ķ˺żҺÿķӦʼ£Ԭˡ

ô˵
תŴĴָϵİָЦʡ

޻˵
ԬֱͦˣǱµسһȫµİš

ʣԬȻǸˣе¶ȫ׸ѣԼżҺ͸߼ң˭վ

ɫѾЩˣӺҪǰ㣬ЦʣҪȥ谶أ

䣬Ԭ£˸ͷֱѣд⣬ȥӸ߾ȫѧڣ˵ܽӽ̳ѧ徭ͨ壬Ҿ֣ضûѧᡣ

ѶؿԬ壬̾˿ԽԬѾûƣḧԬ֣ص˼£ͷޣ岻壬ؼ̹̹һĨ޽谶㣬Ƿġ



Ƽˣ˿
ԬǸӣܴӦһ١
תֽԬȥ谣ǰҺͷĹϵһ
Ѱѣġ
ҷصϣȸҵ˱Ƚ֭ˮ⿴

ʱƺ̸˿ʼлҳ

ŻϲޱȣԬǰʳָţպ£ںľд˸¡֣Ц޼ϲӣǰã֪׸øȡʲô˺Щ֣̫⣬ŷʫȻڡˮ￴仰³¡˵³ҹĵ£ǣ£¡

ͷЩ˷ܵؿԬ壬Цԭӹ֣ǽ񲿰ģԼȡ飬ѧʶԨɺã

Ԭ嵭һЦֻ֪ˮС³֪иʣСС˵ľ̳С
˵Ԭףȭˡֱԣ⣬ģǰĻһʣͳǸϣ¸ȡº⣿ĪСӼ̳ΪƺСһ֮ˡ

ûǸ˼
˲͸ˣȲѣĿİͰ͵ؽͣԭǡˣֻ³ĺͷû뵽С
˵æĨϵ亹ǰѣ޾ͺ˶ӡ

Ԭ˼ؿѣ΢΢ҡͷ¶ڳδ˽һ׮£Сӳһ˴ɼϲСӡˡðƽĸ֪һˮƽΪƫأ

ѰſڣЦüΣ˵Լǣе֣ճȭ´ƽЦԬ壺ԣ޵Сӣȡʲôأ
һץסԬ֣ĿȻǰϿ࣬е䲻رܼޣԾǡ

Ԭ崹ϸ˼˻ָ쵽Լ豭պЩˮд˸֣Цãֺãͬͬѵܹºమ֮⡣

ţãã
˵֣ЦŵͷȻø͸

˵ĲͲȴôҲڲסġ

ƼˣҡͷһЦ⹷ˡ


˯Ķӣָḧ۵СЦˡ





64.  ˶   úݵ

64--˶

Ԭһ, ˡ
֮ǰ°ɢӣ˵, ǧչ˺Լ, ˡ֪ͷԣʹ, Ҳҵһ⣬ǿ, Ҳ, ͷѾͷȥЩƷ, ӡ

ԬǸֱĺ, ܾصġ
ػ, ǹΪҾδڣ, һʼҾûҺͶᴢλɽҹ, ȴ谵ʦ, ʲô˼, Ǵô

ʦദ, , պԬƫżҡ

ԽԽͷ, Ҹо.Ҳʼ΢΢͡
ûнֳ, Ȼȫ˼ڶϣظűӸ.

ʱһؽŲ, ̧ȥѴˡ

ȻǳˣԳҺͶӣĬĬߵǰ˫ֱ󣬶ϵһֽϰ죬һ仰˵
ȸоɭŭ˻һۣȸҸǰͷҿߵѣЦʣ

£ҹˣҪҪūź¾ޣ

ָ̧ͷ΢΢£ˮݽš

ԣȥ
ӣСĹˮϵգʱͶðˮˣϥ¹СҪЬӡ
˭֪ڴʱһ߿ߺ޵ؽŵĽ£ֱڵϣˣץ𼸱飬ҪˤȻﻹи˯ŵӤӲȥ˺˼飬ű˪ҧгݵ

ʲôˣҲ޵ͷϣ

һŵúȸ˲¡

ҵûᣬŪӡ

ǽ˵СԼ޵ľˡ
ظһһԭšһϣߣȻҹĨǵؽ޵Ķ̡
˫ΣסЦѽʲôҾʲôʣնı㳼£Űɣ޳Ҫظ޾ϲ³޵ĶӣҪʲôͽʲôԬʲô¡

⻰͵Ц
ѹˣȻӸѹˡ
Ҳнգ

أƼɱĨӵسȣʾҰһ±£װûۣŷʹ̫Ѩа
Ȼ˰յĹƽϣúȥš˸ֽϣкЬݽš
ӸϣڵغٴνֽʱָֻǸƽ侲ѣЦؿңʣ

޷ǲǽˣ

ЦЦҡͷŻ𣬳ҸǰܷйĶأ
˵䣬ſԸȸȥյƬ

ҲԬôֱӣȻɲĲ٣Ǹҳ
ҽͷڶϸ˼Ƭ̣Цô룬һ֮ңҺǷĽԬ÷£㻹ǲǵﴵҪ

ЦŰһۣɫȻûзǰˡ
ָ˿Ѹ⣬̾˿Լƽ̹ʶĸҪ޴£ˣ֪ʲôˣģ¶ʹ˷ƪˡ

ʱƼڵϵĺ˿תüŪ۵سĴָ

΢ЦŵͷûעŶӡ

ҡҷôɴ

ҹž

˯ô
ˮţʡ

š
Ӧ

ûͺá
ѷԸˮ΢ִ⳶˱飬ҷ
Ȼб۳ҿЦ޼ǵáսߡôһ£ʦ̫ͬҳ˵ĸ֮ӣΪ֮Զ۶ӳǲ㰲ŵĵعĹ

˲ͻˡ
ȻҸƣò̽ҡ

ЦŶӵ򲼣ûģĵֵģĹǰڵģϼҲθ̫Ͼ¯򷭣ƣ𲻾Ͱպô

æЦϣˣ޲Ц
˵⻰ǰ㣬Цʣ治㣿

ʱһԵĺæЦ£ˡūɰˣǶȷĵֻĶ䡣

ذ磬ŵźжϰףʱ˭ҵĻ棬ⲻǶһũһĻյøƵģЩ۵ĵž顢軨ʢΪ߼ۣ˵ҹ٣ҵĵӦȻš˭֪Զﴫʹ˳ǶһƬĵ֮˱ʵ¸лʢ
˵ڴЦعĹūظԱ˵ʱȷĹ˵ݣƺͻӦػʱüһϵĹֻɬѱ棬ڳļλѧʿϲȫȴ˷ܣ˵Щ򿼱ִľ飬ǾʷϵĴ£նдʷءūֿǷֹĹСԺǺ˵լӴѾˣ̫.ʵ۴ڣҲʮꡣǺ˵ԭ뷢ؽѷܲ䲻͸ٳĹ

ָⷬͷ棬Щˣ

ɲǡ
æЦڸˣܽ͵壬Ϻϼūȴ֪Ϊγ֡

ǡ
˿üա
˵ҿȻһЦ۶ӹȻ֮ӣү

ף
ֱӷ𣬴
ʵﻹǸо˰ңԹŵγԴŪ񣬵ԼҲװȥˣǣʼʵۺαض˳ҩʤ㸹ģ
϶Ҳỳ˸ƣܽ͵壬ôͻŰɣǰա

ҵð³Ʋ塣

þˣ
ҵ޵ӶԬӣأ

ôˣ
͵վҡ

ʲô˼
Һ޵ֱᣬʵʵڵйԼĲŭ֪һι̣Ԭקʲôһײҳ..ô죿У˼Ԭû˵ҶȡǸʲô˼أҶӲĺ󳾣ĸװ˵α

˼
ѵȻںˣҿһץϵֽżҴҳ´ʪĽӡ
ڿߣط飬ҵˮһڣˤҸǰָͷֽдµʮ֣
ΪҪԼӣΪκ㣡ˣֻ֪³ĺͷѹû뵽УģԬ˵ʱҲһ󼹱һ亹
ҧгݣɱӵСˣ

Ҳסصᣬĵ׵Ļһ

أҶ·úݵġ

ֱţһܼıλ޴Ͳһ̥ҩѾǶһˣ˵ˣʱΪ˰ȳ޲ŲǸ֣㣬㻹޺ݶֱĹΣûĵĶ




65.  С   㲻Ҳһ

65--С

ǵ
ҵȷҹ൱

Ĩ̽Ԭ, Ԭ嵱谵ʦļصһ߳ϣ
̽ң, ơ

, 綼ϰ˵

뷢𣬲Ϊ, ΪҵѸִٰλ߶, ͵ŮĸĵͶȡ

˵ʲôǻ˶
˲˾, ƺҲʹ, һѽͷϴůñק, ԽԽݣŲӺ

ǿĸӲ˳, ã۲˵³е£Ҳ˵ĵ͹Ĺ, ˵˵Ԭ壬ǻڸ̸ʦ, ǹ, ʲô˼, ǲǰ˸, , ˼Ҵǻʺĵճ, , Ҷ˽ӣⱲӶ䣡

㡢㡢ֱ
Ľֽˤϣ˯Ķ, ѹͬҳôʺˣУޱԬһϣǸʲôѽộôʺ򣿡

סһһϣе˵
ðȻһˣûţԽˡ

ֻоԼȵúܣϰ켷仰ƫ谣

ƫôˣ
ͨ죬˾ƵģҺȵ谶Ҳ޵Ķӣƫôˣ

˵ʵЩηήˣһװ׵سҷƢ

ҲٳˣĬĬ£ͷʹ£ϣأϣǰ侲صҵĿɽұ£Ϊҵһε񣬰ճһա

ô˺Ȼס

ʲô˵·Ҳûƣһֱᣬſţʼִĵ׵ί
أʢŭţֱͦͦǰҡ

ڴʱӺȻ
б۳¶ӣ֪أȻޣΪҲˣ񻹱

ûô
˫ֱŬŬ°ͣȥι̡

ûͷһߡ

ӷ·֪賳ܣңӿ
ԽޣԽǲ

޻ûӣ
صֱӶ֣ʼҵι̡
ϹŵĺȸƼˣһٴˣæͷ˳ȥ

ʲôѽ
Ҽŭӿ֣ͬʱ˫ۻסš

ôûô
ָָӣңͬôУܱܲ˼ӡ

ҾͲԣܰ
һȥˣֱӺ˾䣬˺󣬽ϣҷֺ

áá
ѳĴָȻЦˣЦе¡
˵֣ҲˣšߣеǱߣһƨϣɶӿޣЦſңһ仰˵

ôţ˭һ˭Ҳһ֣иԵĵͷƢԵʡ

أӿɵǺǵۣ֪עСͺһ΢̣ƺЦ
Сץ򲼣ˤ£ûûΣ
ԽԽʲô˵ͷһֱޣأһ䰲οûС

Ҳ֪˶ãҵƽˡ
ǰҺ˼ӣⲻǵ
Ҷһϵµ⣬϶۰ҵģ󣬾ܸҳˡ

ֱĨȥᣬ飬ڶ࣬⿪½󣬴ߣι
侲Ҿòܺôȥһˣҹô죿
װ̣£ԳȵŲߵĴǰ
ȸͷô

ūء
ȸæ𣺡Ҫʲô𣿡

Ҷ˶٣סأȥһôҺȻûˡ

ǣūȥ

ͷ󼱴Ҵҵܲ֨ѽ

ҽѴãĵصȡ
ȥվˣЬӼڿߣѾû˿µʢŭﾡǵǺͻںޣ´ִ̧£ʮָתŴĴָϴİָƺ䣬û˼ھصȡ

ʱͷĽŲٴɴ϶˸ϸĺӰȸңˣ˵ܻˣĪҪģͨһ¾ͺá˵ǵúúñ²ŷ磬Ҳǧܿޣ۾áӺƲסչ˺ۣǳ£÷ſģӲá

֪ˡ
ҽֲ˾䣺С̵ˮ
ʵҾãȸⷬδ˵ģԼǡ̵ģ
ûŭͷûѣŲӸǰָСĦԣһˣԲסҲҷƢˡ

˵˵ţֵˡ
ʱĬĬ˹ߣͳӣҲᡣ
ҷ֣ȦҲˣ̾˿ͬʲôҲû˵ϵЩֽƿұڻ°͵ҵͷϣĦҵı

˭˵ͬϰŵյư㣬ȼ¸ůȣůŶԷ

ãҵͷ䣬ͷҵľԲס޽ʵʧ̬㣬ԭ¸ѰգıѾ˸ѵһϰߣԷˮ㣬Ĳˡ

һЦĴı£ţұסίСҲҪԭ˺ӣססԼƢ·˸Ƶģûʲô뷨˹֪Ϊʲôûɵغ¡

²¡
ѱסңҡԼ£ңˣ۲²

š
ŵͷоؿڵ˳˲٣ίҾۺĶгֱ͢µĴ󳼵ʦǵĶӡ

û˵ҵĶӣ˵ǵġ

㿴Сġ
һЦƹȥǰ㣬ĵظҽ̡
ʺǻʺ谶谶谶޵ĶӣҲҪ·ңҲֻԬһĵ¼汸ˣǶӳõʦˣԽвУ

š
ҵͷ
ƳɢȥԽٺòˡ

ûô
쵽ҵ½ûҼֻǸȥʣǲǱģ

ǣ
ӦתһЦɵĶӣûϵ̫ܳˣܸҲйأϾҲǶʮͷĹеʱûô֣Щû¶˵׼ˡ

š
ѵͷȻЦֱӣҿȦӹϣȻԼ˽ȥ
ûС
˵䣬ͽ⿪ҵ½
Ҹоؿһһۣúܿ졣

أ
Ѿϲֱң´´ֻεЦײң
һ㣬ôһζûС

Ϊأѵģ
Ҷ䷢̣ҧס´Ҳǲ˼ˡ
Ҫ
ƲƲ죬Цˣӵ

ѿ糺죬Цؿң۳ҵؿڣüһʤ¶޵óӡ

͸㡣
ͬһɽ
ãḧϸ΢Ĳૣ첻͵ߣֵһգΪһҹȥƫ˯

û¶޿ĸӸˡ
ҵůñͷϣҪһȥƫ㻹˵أҲڡţ˯һ

ˡ
ҡҡͷЦӳһֱҵ̣ǻ˵ģϡô죿

ģСûô󡣡
˵⻰ſңæСܵǱߣ˼´Ĵ멣еҸǰŹסһѺᱧңڼ䡣
ýż⹴ţŵĺȸǸϽ𿪣Ҵҵرܽƫ

úȣһ㶼ûоͺ
ֻоԼĴţͷϵĴ멱Ѱʱڴߡ

¿ȥ
ҼƫԭǸﱸµģ򵥣һӦ߽Уϰ̿裬յüů
ŲЩڳطȻ£˭֪ǳ˵µʹ۵õ˿
ʱѴҴҲϴֽţ֣˴һڴ𰫼ϵĹƣѴ£쵽ҵıѰҵ֣ʮָ

˯ɡ
Ѵ˸Уߴš

š
Ӧսͷļϡ
̰ϵСнƽȵĺںĲ

Ҳ֪˶ãûӦ˯˰ɡ

˵֮ǰôãҾһ˯ⶼûУĻţȥӡ
ε̾˿ƿ֣´ɾڴʱ͵һ

Ȼ˭˵ôš

Ҳû˯ţ
ʡ

㲻Ҳһ
̾˿ƿ´ڰǼٴνŹסһЦ߰ɣۻȥǱ˯ɡ





66.  ¾&   ¾

66--¾ơ

ӾϢعȥ

֪, ҶѾˡ
ֱڣҶоһΣѾȵ, ɽ˵, ɷսģռҪĸ, кԺһݺݺơ

ôسôͻʵ˺ӣ

ڲӵʱ䣬Ҿ, ٴλعԼ߹·

ҺȻ̨, ʮĸ߼Сһ̨, ҹĳõĽ

ʮһ̨, һ˴̣ڿຣ棻

ʮǰһ̨, ҴŮŮˣʣ

ڴ֮ǰҵ·ߵü, ·һȤûУֻҪ΢һ, ܽ÷奴ԭΡ

ʮ֮, ҺȻߵúܿ, ̨Ҳϵĸߡ

һֱΪ, ⱲӶ, е˻ϡͿ, е˻ʬ, ѵĻţмˣ˱ʵĥûججεԼ

ҿ԰ȵ÷奵̫̫, ˳عһӡ

ѡһ·ע˾쳣һߴҽٲ

ңߵڣһĿꡣ

ҵ֪·ûǰ߹ҲοֻʯͷӣСߡ

ҴӲΪԼǸŮˣ෴ΪԼкܶȱ;ޣԣҾ͵ЩѾһصˣƩϳ¡ĽѣǶҵʦٶܵ㲦ҡ

ңһ۲ҼһЩŮˣҲѧܶࡣ

Щ꣬ӡһŮˣ䣬ɱ˵½ݡ

˭
ϻıá
ѾͷҲҵúܣǼжŮʱҲʮ꣬ļҲ˾ˡ죬ԼҲڲȱʯŮ޷з
׵½ݼ£ɵļңҲ轭ڳ¸ĽϻȴΪмһپܾΪ˶ؼҲͬյ·Ǿ볯͢ķ⽮Ϊ͢ڳɸǰϸ

Ŀķǳȷ־ŮӣУŮ١
ֻϧ̫ˣûԸǣԱȺ˴ֵСʦиӯ¶㺦ӯС

½ˣûݵ
ʱʹĳɡԬ˶ûɱ֣ǲңǡ̫˼֡

Ϊ½񼸺Ǽ֣֮ߣѾͷǳ
Ȼֻʮ꣬Ŀ˵쳣ϻۣƺʩ糾ĹŮʱסΪĸĸТʶиТ˳

ԣҲֶᣬһһε
ǰТŮ˭Ŀŵ۸أ

ǰϳţָңΪӵĽӪԼҾÿԲο½߹·ӡ
һֱҶиԸҪΪºͬ˵ŮӣΪڷ絲꣬Ǳ.衣



ĽϳµĽ飬Ұҽ·Ϊߡ

һĽգѵġ
Ҵ󵨼裬Ǿϵң޼ɵ̻¶£ô˺ĳϵķ޹ϵܺá

֮ǰðˣڳϦҹ˵ݺݴѹҼָҵĴսĵߡ
ΪΪ£ĲϲߣʲôʱҺͺӳߺ͵ߣôʱҽ

ϳľӪҽΪ¡עΪԹ

ֽסҳԣҵĹ϶ᱻڳڦڮԣΪ˶պ·ߣұӪãĸ£ңҪ¡

һȡ

Ŀ·һȷұ㲻ٽǽţ˶ɿ첻٣ָͦǰʼ̣˯ʹ죡

ն£ʰޣԡ٣üͿһůһգҲҵģŶ֯İȹߴƺ̫ˡ
رǰ˺ܶ࣬ƺ˵㡣
ȸڸҸѵʱޣЦ˵ξ͸ûƵģˣƤ۵˿ǶױͺˣԒһ£ǾѹȺ

ЦЦְѱ͸

ȸİöԴֻͣ͡

ӣֻҪ˿վſڶӸǰŪ
ܿóϲСӵģݻδܾٳأǣֻ硣

˭֮ǰʵ˷

ҿ϶ߵĽ򸾡˵ܷ򸾡ӯ䡢ӻɪлӷ磬һӺͺֵظء
أ¼ҹˣûʲôѣ֣ơԬ԰ӡ

и⡣

ʵڲԸҵļ棬˵ǵıѾϰߣֳֳϦҹֲ죬ӷʼĽӯ䣬͹棬·Ҳͦεģ

˺üϣ¾ư

ҺĽ˵ܵ˹
ӷ
أ֣ϯ棻

ıϣʵǺԬ壬Ϊʵ߶߶ƻա



ģҽķǳġ

ͺغҵļ˳˶ԲĽҲˣѾˡ

ʷ֮ǰԸĽȥ˷ޣӣȥǣ뵽ʵ̫࣬Ǻݺģ겻ΪͷͷĽ˸СլԺ˵סţȺºٰ︮

˵أ
ûϱ¸飬ȥ˵鷳˵ܺҲкüûˣȻһӱſޣ˵ʵڶԲסӣֲַˣ֮£ҪõԼָͷⲻǡ
Тˣ£˵ԹףҲԹ裬Ǹ߼ӣ۸׻ǹ裬ϣʢֵ໥ֻϣܰѲκãÿռҶĵģͺ

һ˵ģݵĴ˶ˡ

ĽȰοĦźӵı̾˵ۼˣд٣ָҲȥˣԺһӶãֻҪ˺ˣӾͻԽԽá

Էʱ򣬰˵˳ظ˵˸鷻ԺҲܵˡ

æϸڡ

ԭ󣬰˵֮ǰϿ鷻Ӫƣתóȥ˵Щһֱ鷻У飬˼ֻǷʵڸ߰鷻ͭ塢īǧĴ飬˵ȣһǧˡ

Ͽ鷻ٶǸ޵īˣֻǰ棬ӡֽīµȣСݲЩбµĹƢѧˣʶ鷻©ٳ۸ľ飬Ʒʵڵ£ʵһ̯ӡ

Щʿѧ˵˵׷׹˵ֻҪ֣Ը룬ѧУƱ¶ˡ

˵ԣԽᶨ鷻ͷֻƶϽ˸Ůͷʵ׾ݣﵽ״Ŷ˵һǻѪôߵˣȻĴ˽ӡ

赽ʷ
ʷǸⱾ˵Ӳ⣬ð˵ðգʵʵСѼ׵ġ

˵Ӿ󣬼Ҫ

ҲĽĶ˾ˣ۲ѣ͵͵鷿ĹŶõ䵱

Ȼʷʹ̫̫ˣ˼ҷ
̫̫ţ˵ʮӣƹУʵ򳰷˵үɲˣȱſھǣαؽСûҵ

Ľ㽲Щµʱܣ

ǣҴ̫̫ʵڿ̱а˵ܣȱӹҪǣô׽㶼˼ſڣ
ܵǣδıǸúӣ˵ԣТ˳˾˵ȷʵõġ

棬Ľ㣬ӵôġ
ĽЦ˵ż£æ˹ˣ˵ѹʲТӴȥھ¥үʺһֱڻ׸ǧƱˣ㵱ⲻˡ

ԭֹ뾭ӪҲǡ

Ľ㣬ô
ĽԹŨҲ˼֣ӰΪβӣżǷǸ߼̫࣬ǸҸǾ͸áֻҲ֮ʳ۸һߣҺҲǵ㣬ǼǺ壬ﲻ𣬻УǿӲܾһɣҺΪӲĪǱгģ鵽Ͳˡ

ⷬǰٸн
νðˡ

ͼ˳š

˵ʱץסҵ֣˷ܺ׳־ģ˵㣬ǵǼҴǰи¥Сұҵ鷻С֡ܵģ֣۸⡣

Ű˵ܡ
ܴߵܴͬǹߵ˾Ŀ顢ҡ

һжõķߣô

߼ˣһС˯˻ԼĪδʱȸ

˵Ǳ´Źлүˣ·Ҳˡ

ԭΪӽ¾ƣ˭֪͵͵ҴϢ

һ˽¡





67.  ¾&   ݲؽ

67--¾ơ

ѴŹ, æӴѸٴЬȸ·ٺױݡ
߳, Ҿһ鶯ݺŮЦ, ţƼС߽Żˡ

Բ˵, ǻʵۣû˸Խߵǰͷ
ƵĽ, ͷ, ü۽Ц, һɵϲ

Ѻͷɪлӷ, 룬һֱ, ϴͬһֽвóѣֻҡ
׹٣һױ, ӯӯӷٷ, ˶൱ۡ

Ǵ, ŷ, Űߵ崺, ŴСһļ, δ, Ҹо·˺ܶ, ģӢʣж˼˲, ҵʱƺ˺ܶ࣬¶һů⡣

Сɩ
ɪ¶ϲɫЦųұϵ֪
ʱƼлӷҡͷһЦмֳζʰ֧ΣָͷĨȥϵĸ
סתһЦŮô£ϲϲһ۾ܿϲҵģÿ峿뿪ʱ򣬶һҵĶͷŵشѣҳѡ

ţӷҲϲɪ˰ɡ

¡
ϥЦŸɪ

˵˱Щô
ɪǰ˫ַңȻ˺ͷŴңĨ֮ɫȻסҵƤһЦ˵⣬Сûǰôƽ̹ˣǵ˺ӣѾЩˣشòȳһŮ˶ϲˣȥҶ˼ۣɶʱٵ¹أСɩġƤôģ̽¡

⡭
Է̣üһЦû˵ʱ͵͵߹¡

㿴㣬治Լˡ
лӷæǰضϹĻͷ
ЦŸҼ񣬱㣬Сܹϲϲ

þòˣӷ磬Խĳˡ
΢ЦŻ

ʱһŵɪЩر죬ӷ磬ܼܶƵģȻֻ¶ࡣ

˵Ѿͷסҵĸ첲ҡ˷ܵСֶأϸ˵Ӳʣճһգŵæܣȣ
ǰŸң˵ˣҺͷ¾ƣߣҲ˵ҶСֶ׼ӰӵСѣںǸװţ˵ҵ̫򵥣׼˿ˮͷõԭʯδպùŪЩӡ鴮ʲôģСɩҵᣬٸ㲹һݺġ

һŪò֪ôĶӦԡ

㻰ࡣ
лӷ˰ɪΣ°ͳϷǱŬŬЦ㲻뿴Сֶôȥա

У
ɪҲûˣЦųϷȥ

ٴξס
⻹ʶǸ˪Ĺô
ңлӷǵľٶ˽չ·Ҳ̫˰ɡ

ҿЦѣսлӷ磬ʣ͹ܺϵô

͡ɡ
лӷ粻̫ȻЦЦ

ǡ
ס͵Цͦ׽ġ


лӷ翡糺죬ЩĿİͰͣʶʱģҲУǸ㣬ҵøֵģѺš

˵⻰лӷƵˡ
ҡͷЦЦѣƽסĸ첲ЦϵӦûг¾ɷġ

ҵ֣յҶߣ˵أлӷǰ¹ˣ˵û£÷ﱧһˡߣӵأ㲻֪߳ܡ

ӷѽǲԸ⣬ӷҲӣСϡ
һЦ˾䣺˵ˣ˼ǵٹٶ׵ģͲˣܹ֮˭˵ءҲǵģһ쵽æЩ͵͵ȣһֻһֻ۵ˣóֳͷѵˣ

޲лһ䣬һͨ䡣
šҵĴЦˣֻҪǰŪӣǰգ

ݸͷϡ
أҼӽںߣæͷȥĿԣ΢Цҵͷʲôû˵౨΢Ц
ġܸӡ
ǰûʲôоԴҷаĽңҾܾҺеϲúͻã˵ĥ¾ƣǶǴ

ݺƼлӷʱڿߣŪ
ҽ£ǰơ
ʵе㲻̫ˣŸӣѾܾûеˣҺҲûٸѬ㣬ô㲻¡

һ仰û˵ȥҾһأοء

ӷ磬
ɪսˣ춺Сɩôµˣôôޡ

лӷƼǽˣһΣæ˰ɪ˵䣬Ҳ󣬺ͺÿˡ

ô
ɪЦŻͷȻҺѾվſڣѾͷ˲Ǻˣϣ·ôû
˵⻰ѾͷȻӣȷʵ̫ÿ

ЦЦѹסƢСһһٹһͱÿ
ȣɵȴѵĽţйԼĲ

סңĦҵĸ첲ʾ̡

ʱҺȻƼɪĺɰһɫǣߡ
һûüֹͿһȥһǿǣӵһߣͳӣ˱ˮպʪزӵ죬ɪѹѵ⣺

ûܳǣôˣǰҲ֪롣

ɪί˦ӣ︡Ứֲ֪ôʲô

æǰԲסɪĸ첲Цֶڳ̣ķ˶ôΣ㻹ǹҵĹЩȻˣٳСùõǰա

һϲۻӣʵһ

ôŰɣϯСʱſȥȦա
ҿӷ磬Ц㡢ңٴһ֣ĸˣϣӶëˣÿ顢ˡ
˵Ҹѷ˸ۣ۱£ӣΣ

ºһЦӻ֣Ǽȥƫȥ

Цȸͺȥ׼Ρƻˮڳŵʱ򣬴һǳӡ
ұ΢Цɾڲʱ򣬴Ѹ˿ֽûƵĲУҵͷɫ糣еֽ߬סǿֽ

ʲô£ðյظҴݣ

ûֳκνŵȥƫǱߺ󣬺͹ӷ绹дӴЦ̣˵Ž£Ȧȸ£漸ѣ˵ȥ裬˳㿴ӡ

ƵطϷǱȥ
ʱڵϣѺأ˯úá
ЦЦָڴϣʾŵȥױ̨ǱԲױȻ󼲲ԺĹȥ

˹ͷװͰд󹧣æֽͳֱչӳӬͷСӵּ

üϸϸȥ

ϲԸԳϲСеˡ
С˼ǰ󣬲֪һʲôԴС˽ְ֮㣬Щ˸Ȥ£ڴ˾ϣı⡣

̾˿ѵһֱҡ

С˴ݻȥ֪¥ǡɿ˴Ŵ룬֪Żʺ֣С˱㰵и

ü
żʢŴ಻оˡ
йʺ飬ڸ׸鲼͢Ŵԭڵط٣ǨмֶΣ˴䡣
ҵȷ棬Ŵȥ¥ʲôӿʲôǽ¿

СƼŴ˻˸߸ݵĽӣ죬һʱ벻СĸģǽڳӽԼŴˣҪǮ
ż˺壬˭˸
СԽģԭ뽫ǽץһ͵ؼ𣬴ƺŻʺĹ̫֡
˺С˱ȥ飬֣ڰǰԹ鱦ʺȱУʬ綼ˡ
ȻˣС˿˭
Сûţвֵĵŵ֪ƶ빬ʮ꣬ڼУиܵܣС˰ĸǰϼҴأȥͽϿϢ
ˣ̫ڹǹﱻȱе˭

Ҿð죬Ǿ--Ȼæ¶

С˲׶϶ʺлҹ֮£ǶڰŹ۲죬Ŵڵ󣬴ȡ߸УţֵҹͱУʬױճ˻ң׵׵ʧ˼䡣
С´ݾߣûҰ־ߣʮƣ˳Ʋ˷谣û뵽Сڳ㶫
ȵ۷ʮ꣬ʮһߵŮޱȵۿУΪˣ
ȵ۷ʮ꣬Ҳȥ꣬۱ضʮղܣ
ƽԪ꣬ʮȵۡݱּѳᣬղУ£˲˵֮£Ӧѳ֮ƣԴǿУʺ񣬵ǻ£ѳᣬʮλػ꣬ɣղ˺䣬лȥС˽²鵽ղʵӾ£ڳǶһլԺС

ҲҡͷЦЦԸӻ񣬶ϲݲؽҽ¶

ˣųȥ˿Ѫ֢֮Ƴ֮ˣŻʺѹ£֪
Ǽ̫౻ȱǰǲܳ衢Ļ֮ʱС˲²⣬ʺ˾٣Ӧ˹λ֮Уһްʺȱмֳ̫࣬Ҳס̫࣬ҽɱ
ˣ¾̱.֮£С˾ã˰⵹ʺһУͬ⣬С˻뷨ӽ£ǣֺ

һʱ䣬ֻת˷ܵÿ෢ɡ
˵޴ܷϺ

ôأ
㲻أ




68.  Ͽ   &ܾ

68--Ͽ

ҷ, ϲ
ĽСǰ˵¡֡Ȼڣܰţ

, ʼѪѴñ, ⶼó

Уż˰ɣ
ӲƳ֮, 㵣˰ɣ
ټϣʱһ׮Ⱥй˵ĳɰй, ҪӶɹ˽١

, ͵תжó

ҲЦ, ׼ӹͰ, ȥʾ£Ȼ, Դһ죬ͬ׻˰㡣

ѿӡ󹬾, ɪӷС£֪, ûɲ׮¡

ô衣

֪, Ǻü, ҲΪ̱, ڲ, պŹ, ϾҪ, żһ׸һ䣬λʯҲҪ, ؼֵѹû֤ݣóȻһܷϺϾ²ʣǸϧˣֵǷꡣ

֪Ӱнȥ
᲻룬ƾʲôôעż£ΪҺĲһֱıϺżңô᲻ٴδһ׶죿

ס
мĽ̵ġաºûϵͬѵʣǧԼͶӹȥܰѹĴ׽ȥ

뵽ˣҸæǷ˺СӲԵ
ҡͷЦЦڹԶҲͷһݶˡ

ʰױ̤Ĳȥƫ
ȸˣæվС͸ż˿ūѾȦһѶû

ô
Цľϣشƣɨɪӷ绹дӣüһû뵽ӲˣҴſ£ʮͰ״ˡ

ɪЦһɵĵ⣺ЩסۣµʱҲͨƣСɩɱ˵󻰣ıվ

ѽ
ЦŽϵĴ˿ΰ£ϣӷ磬ȤѽǺιֻܹǣɲ¡
˵䣬ץһƣüһֱ岻գҵҪҲû⣬մ

ڴʱӴһͲңȻЦС˺Ȼһ£ǰõТֻèͨѩף˳ֻ۾һһƣÿˣô

֪ңҪҪ䡣

ˡ
ץ򣬴˳ȥЦлңСִܲëС֮ǰȸҲֻè룬ƼˣˣѾͷ˺üأ˵ˣСʱèץ˹ĺܣʱ
ָ棬ץƣЦҾãҲι˼·ַǣ

üͷ΢壬ЦЦǣС֪ˡ


ɪ֪ҺʹӴİæĪСèҰգǰһŷȥŪֻء

Ǽ˵Ц䣬Ѵͷˡ

Ȼ˯ѣͷ廨ѹĺӡӣű裬Ц߽˭ӮˣվƬ̣۲·úŵӣҸǰ

ַſţһҾȻЩţҴˡ
ԭУϡͿػ˵ѹûעлӷ緽Űˡ
Ƽˣ͵͵ҵСȣǰصϰ£ôܻأ᲻򡣡

װշӷæȥץƣץž˳ȥ˭֪ɪһƵƣЦƾͺСɩƱ

˦Ʊѣ㲻ͱϹָӣӡ

ˡ
ץӷǰЦû˼ôԳȥҲڷź

ƲӣҴ򣿡
س𡱡

У򡣡
Ц˫ۻס

ûץһƣ룬ֱá

ߡ
Ҵӱǿ׷б۳ѣ˾䣺ҸǰŪˣƣУܸõô磡
ӣץƴƣòˣ׼ֱץס֡

㶼Ҵ򡣡
£ٴδյҸǰЦ޸һѡ

ָ򣬲ã㻻ɺţ

˵
ѻסңֱץƣûϣȻźƣ
Ҿðſڣæʣô֪ץƣ

üһЦָϵƣôϼûȥҺͲӣжĻ᲻ֻʣʮˣ϶ץ

ɪ⻰ؽƻһƵһϵģⲻ۸Ƶģ˭ܴùֱӸӵˡ

һЦģѵӹȻʹˣҴӮˣҼֱԼӮ˻ˡ
ѽ˵û
ҹ˰Цƾû˼ˣ˵ˡ

С
סңЦűֻ֤˵

ݸŴƣȴ¡
ҪӪ˵ˣӾӪϳ¸ĳ꣬Ҫǻʵۣ϶ԴԴϵظվеǸҵԼ߳ȥ

Ҵɪװлҳæʲôô

ɪӷ磬ɬһЦ궬úܣϷûҲУҲ´ӡ

Ҳǡ
ƣ˿ڣЦ֮ǰҪտҹߵæңˣҺȻûˣռģġһȻСӣн飿

ã
ɪȻ£ЦŮ˾ͲñڼȥãҪ˵ʳΪ죬Ϳ꣬϶ӣױƷǱҾҲ

һϲ
Ȼ²ûɪУ֧߳ȥġ
˵֪˵ĻͻױƷʲôͦ˼ġ
̾˿ѣЩεضɪһЦֻ֣δػͬ⡣

ɪҲ˲ϴˣæЦˣô谮㣬᲻ͬ⡣
˵ɪѣǰɣ֡

²С
ЦûƵģץƴƣ˼ңñͷ¶棬̳սûǸͷӦڼ￴顢ˡ

һʧ䣬ȻѹȻͬ⡣

˰ɹ
ҹӯӯίصͷֱߺ췢̵û˵ϯ濪ˣǺȼ

˵
ɪֹ̧֣˵

֪ѾͷǸֱӣȥ꼸νҸ׼ʵȽϷСŮģ£ֱӶײѵģֻˣһֱԬ壬һá

磬ƲŮˣ
ɪֱӣС⣬ֲɱ˷ŻôˣСɩԼӣԸص鸾ַйŮˣƾʲôȥ

ƾǻʵۡ


ǣܽˣ
ɪ˸ֱۣӶײ˻ȥ

˵ˡ
æǰӺ滷סɪһί֮ȴֿ˻񫣡ֱ˰ɡ

ҡ
ɪƿңһվֲǽ.ʣ˯ӣСʵԼļֵôҿ̫רˣ

ɪɪ
лӷ󾪣æסɪ죬ȵôͱ˵ģ˼ھƣͷƷˡ

ɪѣ﷢

£
лӷ麹ЦĪҪѾͷƽϡ

ѹŭˣǻȥա

䣬ɪŤѿѾͷǰһվǰ߰°ͣҲߣûء

ֻ˵һ죬صӣŭ

ҲһƢ㱻ԬĨǽҶ̣Ҳʢŭ
ˣæҪɪȥ˭֪Ѿͷ۵һˣίСƵģǰʹޣǲߡ

ˣ߰ɡ
лӷһЦקϵؽߡ
Ҳ˸æ¡

ܿͰֻʣҺѡ

мΣʵùס

̾˿ָϵƣǿЦĪҪֲǲ֪Ҳö̥

ް軵ˣ
ſڣ˫Ȼϣ˿бۿңЦװ޹޻֪㣿ɵ˵ߣ˰

Ȼ㡣
ͷǰҡȣڼסˣСòã

С
ѹҵı࣬˼֣ӲʹôЩ¾ǱĵƼɱ㣬˭ҪȥԹԴڼ

̫Եˣ
ˣ˰ȣվ˼

ʱȻСܵſڣҿȦ嵽˸ǧЦүѾˣϣµС޻أίֱ˵ִû׹ҡС˵ƲѾ׼ȫˣܿϯҪҪū

ˡ
ѷػӻ֣Ц޺Ծͺá

Ҫԣ
ص˦ӣ
Ҳ£ΪǼңǹı£ҵġɷ򡱣ʱ򳳳ǵĹϵ׽
ϴҰ˵ܣãͲҰԸô

˵⻰šߡ

ȥĶ
º͵Էˣ

˯ȥҪԼԣ
ط

Ծͳԣ
֣⹷ﾹмãϽϲˣºƣ綼ˣҪسһ١



Һ֡ŤˣҶ˯ƽ͵ǰ裬˭˭

ǵսڣһֱ֣Ųֹͣ




69.     ۵

69--

˯̫, Ҹоͷе㷢Ρ

ô
ҵȻˣ߲ȥպôӪ

Һ÷女׺Ҳ˵С, ΪҺ, Ϊ֮÷˹, Ͳ̫ϲͷ¶ˣò档

ôأ
Ҳкܶǰɡ



֮, ﷳҪ, һڷԡ

Ϊοο, û·Ҹ, øɶɶӡӡ衢÷衭й, ս̽㲻㣿ʺʲôɫϡĻǳģ

Ҽֱûǰȥվǰ, ʸ̨ߣֽϸϸƷ˷, , ƺ⡣

ɴֽϵī, б۳ҿ, Ц, Ƕˣˡ

û, ˯

Ц, ˵޿ɲף˵Ͳͽɡ

˭֪, Ҿͷ󼱴ٵĽŲţ˳

£ѾſˣأҪҪ

һ⣬֣ˣ

ƼʪӲ֣ʱһߴĺӰ㳯ѹڿߣ˰ңߴ٣

ûˣϽ𡣡

ͷ۵úܡ
Խɵͷϣ

˭֪ѻЦױ̨Ǳߣ

У˯Űգ޴Ӽϲҹ͸

һƿӣֱ
Ҳ˲ϸ¿廨ЬСܵǰ

ʱڴͭǰݣ½󣬿ҹˣһЦ

ϣˣ

ʲô˼ѽ
Һҹ¾ƣҪҶӸ

ô
սӣСָĨüë

㡢㣡
ˣֽűӼֱһࡣ
ô죬ȻҪѺӸ֣ģҸôѶ¡

ȻҿһЦתְҼϣѹգңָҵıϣſˣ޶ġ

ҴסؿȷǺϷʶ棬һӻˣһƿͷû͸㡣

ˣ
ѳղסҡ

ױ̨ץľӣպ˵ͣϸؽɢҵͷĨ˳֬ױྪδҵڷ

ͷȻ嶣ԼСϯ濪ƫڸء´˿ͣ˵ҹ䣬صͷ



֪֣Ѿˡ

ʱٴǵػסңҪҵᷳѿص˦ӣԹߡ

ӵĹ⣬һֱԻ£δ
ǿЦ˵Ŀģʲô˼̽ҵķӦ

ˣֻҪûװ׵˵ѺӴߣҾװ֪ܶวһգһա

߳ȥһɺ֮ӭʱҹĻ٣ɫգмʫ⡣

֪Ѿͽ
ûֱƫȥеſʱҺȻͣ˽Ų˵ʵеִٺΣȥκ˶죬ӳһ߳Ƶ֣ġ

ʱԱߵѻЦʲôû˵סҵ֣ߡ



˺ܶΣ֣Ƹʲô

˵ǸˡüôӦòǵģ
˵ӲˣôÿȧǸߣϸ۱䵭
˵з࣬ôܣ÷ǳɫ㡣

Ҳ´ˡ

֣ڴߣŪźӡŻͷϴѾ׺ͷɶĵĹڣϴŶԶ

ͷǶߣе֣òٶʣɴһͺͿ͸֮ͬڼҵĴ㣬ȴ˵

֣ƣ
֪أŮˣͭǮԲڷòк޹ԣȴʯǷǳġ

ǲˣ֣Ťӣ󷽵ظһĿϣ´ңЦʣλðɡ

˦ѵ֣æǰϥ񣺡밲


֣ƷңٴδңͷЦº۹⣬ȻǸ޵ˡ

߹ʮȻַҵļͷңЦôȴû

ۣûһЦ̽ȥĸ첲ȸϽϲ裬úȥԸС׼Ʋˡ
ҽ֣ûѣС£Цʣһ죬̫ʷƺʣ

õǣҾëˣһ
˵䣬֣ƿǣ£Ц˵Ƭϲȡ
ѲƸѣúȥˮ

Щգֿʼ
֣òڣӦòϲɣֲ̰ɫ֮ˣ򣬿϶רӦáమ

Һ˼֮ʣҿѶ裬˿ڣȣѸǰĸƸ֣ʵ̫ʷˣҪҪúԺȥϣ

ԺźµģǱˡ
֣СںŹˮö˶üһ壬̾ƾ⼸ˣ檵ıѾײġµȶԤˡ

̾˿ʱֲȥ֧Ĺȥ̫ʷ㼸꣬Ǹúúðһº£֮ǰκԤ˿ð壬ȸ˾ðա

л¶͡
֣Цֵɥ檼ҵС£ƺƴҳ檾˸һʹ泼ӣǲκİ壬üһޣ˽뼸˸ϵõѣҲˡ

ɡ
ЦԼŰգ޸̫ʷ׷λ



һҾסˡ

Ҿã֣ӦǸʵŮˣңûʲô˸ڲ齣Ѿ뵽°֮һ֣ȡ

ҴѵĶԻദУһָоǵĹϵྴķޣƶмӵˡĳϵľֿѹϵ

ָסˣ
һЦӷҵ棺ʲôأϰһ仰ûС

£ƲƲ죬ûᡣ

ʱ֣ö棬һСڣݸǳЦʣÿֱŤˣ

ʱָߵҵĶͷһЦԹ㻹˵أҲ֪ĸˣǵóȥС⣬ߥɪͬ޳޲ͬ⣬Ͷһڱﲻֱ´

˵
ҰԹصЩ˼ЦЦҲһʱ𣬱¼ȲãǱˣˣ￴Цˡ

˭֪֣ץҵ֣ЦĦбۺѣòǽƣ´Ӧֺη

ЦҡͷͷҪӴ̾Ƣãͬͻ

ҴŭȻ˵Ƣã

Ҳ̫˱ˡ
֣üһܷó£αضԸ߼ԼأѲɣ檾Ƥģ¾ͺĹȴѸñƫҲ̫ˣ檶Լƽ

ø֣ƣø֣
һһң⻰ȻɪҪǿʮ

㿴㣬ҲѧԴˡ
ѿ糺һƬû˼ظ

¾ͬ˰ɡ
֣Ц棬µġͷ˵ǰҲӪ˵Ǹ̤ʵعӵˣвͻȻˣ϶˵ġ

һһֿңתŴĴָϵİָ˻ҡͷһЦаɣ޴Ӧˡ

ûɣѡͬˣ
֮ǰ֣ɿڣ֣仰ͬˣ

ɵˣ
֣ǰƣһЦѣ˵öлˣ


γѣ˲䱧סĲӣص˿͵ط֣ڣҸæɿ˺üεصͷ˼áЦˣḡˡ

֣Ĩįܿ죬ָֻһѣЦԹñ³˼ĺ룬Ϊճһգ߼ùȻѰŮӲһĶ˵úܡ

һЦԾ˵Ѹǰ

ʱػסҺͷҳһЦڿңĶˣ޿צ
˵ҵΣˣˣȥƲˣٱԹƻϯ棬޿ɾˡ

ǣȥ
Ҹֱ֣һ񣬱תܳȥȥ׼ϯˡ
СĿִˣʯͷҲƮƮ˼ˡ

ȸѾƲ˶Բˣ˵ϲ⣬ұͷȰĩϯ
ѽʳأȸȥó˸峴ġ

æҼ䣬Ƽ֣ҡΣָͷҶӵСӣЦСÿ滹֣šǡ⣬ƽ⡱˼Ǹİɡ
֣ǰͳӣزȥӵĿˮЦ֮ǰһӣŪôС

֣˵ҶӣЦʣСӣʮ˰ɡ

ʮ롣
ش֣ﱧߺӣϣЦȸʱģҲ˺ܶ࣬ԽԽÿˡ

͵Цˡ
ڴʱͽȻ䣬תŴĴָϵİָɱ⣺޴˷Ԫ˽ͨ࣬˵Լ屻ѺУ˸Ķͯ

ǡ
֣Űˮɫ檾˸Ԫ⽻ãǺ񱻳檲˾˸Уܰȫ

һ棿ǸϾɱ
ĦʣƣĿ

֣Ŀᶨȵ檺ȻϹ¶ɱڣ©˸СӤ⺢ӱӤȣ󱨳ѩޣɱ֡Ϊȵʱɰ÷Ϊӹٽӿ⹹ݣͯǳɣΪ巭ҲǺõģӦһ档

ûƬ̣תŴĴָϵİָЦʣ⺢ӳѲ

֣Щӳ檵ľ˸룬ͯ檻չ䣬ĥԣԱ֮á

á
Цŵͷ£ģˣ̸ˣǸϽ÷⼸̫ʷǰ̼ûعˡ

ּ



һһ

ȵ۾ɰʲô˼
˼ǴȵʱдĪѵǻ÷Ϊ˰

ǰԼҹ¶һʲô˼ʴȣ
á
ǺǰѶ۵ոһĥһջУܵ÷奵Ĳϡ

ôѣ£֪ô





70.  ԰   ޺õú

70--԰

ӵ¾, ˡ

ЦҲᣬеҲʧ

ϯ
Ҹ߼ߵ, á÷, ֣

֪ͬͷ¶, ԭҶˣ쳤վõĥ, Ҫô˽͵͵Ū, û뵽֣һ, ͽҵĽ, ҳǰһ󲽡

ҵ棬̸Լҹ¶һ, Ů߼ܣݳ̶Ѳ¡

ұʶ, һ֮ĳĬ, ҡʺвȲϵģ
ڶ, ҾԲ֣ܵ, Ů֪ʶ, ؽ, Ҿ, ܳΪ, ҲܳΪˡ

ǰۼκı뺷ԶҲն̨Ѫͷ, г¥ŵӭڶʬ塣

ı棬һ

Ҫ֪֣ƾȷѪսУƾһ߽֮˵ģԸ㣬˵ֶβ㣬û



濪Сϯ棬ȻԵķǳǢһʼѺ֣£ƩκƵһЩ֢

Щ£û죬ҲҷֻͷĬĬԲˡ

û뵽֣·ҵΣҲ˵Щʼͬ˱ʳʲôоࡣ

ҺѶԾƣ֣ȴþһ˺ƿԽȾͷԽãҲʳһ˽ⶼˡ

˵ʵŮˣȽϵġ
ƽһθеԱòΣȡºͲԹɫҵȷ֣ĺԶ

ߺҴ˻ӣȥƫ˯

ϴ˼СаеǱߣĺ
ʱѸԡգŽˣ°ɫ£΢΢죬󣬺ڷˮ

ڿʲô
ѴӺţ飬˼ڣúȥߵҸǰȻػסңЦԭڿ񣬶Щʲô

ִҵ½ȥöš
ýŵϵĲ㣬䴥Ŀڱġ

Ľ˿ټұ
ָĦǿøɫͷƵСӣͷᣬĽͷԣ͵أȴġ

˵͵һϵȵǺʣи̴ľֽ
ݸһЦ
˵Ƕˣ͵Ҳ֮

أ
ҵĲӣʡ

£ֱߵĽУӳë׵СӤѣɰˣǹ͵ģǰĺлӷһǶ˸ɫʯ⡣

Ȼӣ־¡
ݸͬʱֵֻĽ͵УԭǶԽӣأƼ÷Ҳ˺

Ҵסˡ

ô򿪣
ҵҧҵĶ䣬Цû뵽ǰ򻹵ѽɢ͵ҵͦص

Щ˵Ļҵˡ
ƲƲ죬һЦѽд򿪣ԭǰƽ洹С壬һͷ졣

ҽѽӵûᡣ
δУԬ˷ױдֻ֣ĸ֣ѵܹ
ֻ֣ӣϣԺӰġͲΡ

˶񣬱ôͣ
תû뵽ǰ
£ͷԣˣһ

˵
ָͷҵĶͷЦѵ޲˸ޣ

㡭
΢졣
ʵܸоˣҲǣȷʵ˺ܾãĨǵòңҵӻδ׻ָá
ҹ˰Ķӣ˴׵ʹСԣҲֻˣ˼ҹڱķ

ôˣѵֵˣ
ѺЦʡ

ǸСô㣬ǲɿڣ˼֣˵һͬˡ
ָ°ͣЦ϶м顣

˵顣
ǰһѹҵĴૣǼ顣

ѧˡ
еˣֱôܾأ

ѧġ
ָ⻮ҵǣ䣬½󳨿룬ؿš
ȿȣ
صؿŤתͷλֹͣҸˣ򡭡


Цʡ

ۺҧгݣҾͰԸĨˡ

䣬ཻս˻ͬʱֿ΢΢
ôĴָĨЦʣҪǰʲô

ס
ңǿҶ÷û飿Ǳģ

ֱδ㣬ɫ·ѡ·޹أµ£檲ʲ档
˵üһЦѻصŮЦȻ÷奣û˼վŽᣬɴ˵

˼Ц⣬֪ʲô֮ǰ÷뿪ԼùжֻˮѱĦˮյúܡ

˵
Ұһۣǳ֮ˡ

Ųţ㻹϶ȢһΡ

⻰ʲô˼
վ˰Ƶˤ˦ңãʹŶȥ

Ц
ЦǰƤؾҡ

Цô
ҵ˵Ļʺ󡭡
͵ͣ£ҧԼ⣬գѻʺҹ³ˡ
˶ȭͷ߬סں󹬱Żʺ󡢹˯ҿ˵ʲôˣ÷СӶ˼ˣֲôˣʲô˼

ϰϣô˺ӺƢô󡣡
սң汻ˣæҲᣬЦã֪ˣ㲻ˣ顣

һֶ˵ת
ļӷΧ̫̫ˣӹɵκζӲۡ

ţ
˫ְҼϣҡң㻹û£ڲˡ
סңҵͷЦҲζڲţ޷ޣ޶ȥʺ͹

Ƕá
ƲƲ죺֣ݣɰźˬ˰ɡ

С
ָҵͷ޳ǻպ䶯һЩߣҹﳣ塢д£ϸģ޻һЩ£ޡڻʺ󡭡
Ѷ˶٣Цʺ˸ֲеŲáÿȥǶǰ޻йҩö֮Ϊ޲УҲ޲УͰ˯Ѿܾˡ

ػѣҲתסͷؿڣȻһ⣬е㲡̫ҽԺô࣬ڵã䣬ĪΪ֪Ǽ£

ʲôԭ򣬷ĲãҾ͸ˡ

Ǹ
ͷḧĲʣԴкǾûͬ㡢㲻..ɣҪҪԺд˸㿴һ¡

󵨡
ָҵͷ޺õúܡ

ģ
Ҳĵʡ

ġ
һĿЦãȻ⹷ЦüŤҪҪ

ˡ

Ҿʵʵ˵ίǸӻûԭ

Ƕ
ָĨҵĴʾ

ѧˡ
ͱС͵ЦӣǱȥ
ѻȥĲҡ



Ҳ֪˶ãеðɡ

ʵ֤ȷûõúܡ
ºҵ˱¿ˮڣϴ󣬻ɴϣͷϣͷĨӡ¡ҰԼͷĨú󣬴򣬴ŷĸ첲С˴Ѱλã§סңɺá

˵Ҳ˵

Դһ˷״̬Ϊʱʹ಻ԵӣΪҼҪʼ⣬չµľ棬κǰڵصⲻһǰΪ֧ǸСҶģΣΪ˶ӺԼ

ҽг̻
ԣҪ̻һţֻһ˲ҲҪʹʹ죬ҡ

ҸоǿңвϹЩʲô
˵Ǹͦ˼ģǰҲ֬ۡˣҲԸֻǽʲô

һͽ˰ɡ
úûһΡ

ѣ˯ô
ʣ˯ˣδûӦ
ЦЦ۾űɫסɴݸǳЦӣ͸ǻլӣòã

á
ָҵ֣ұøЩ˯ˡ






71.     ңðﻹǰ

71--

ĸº

ӾƽҸ, ֪͵ʢģҶҲ´ˣһһ, 񳤵ðװ, ۾ֺЦʱͳ, ÿˡ

ɪѾͷһʼҼСӳϲĲ, ÿصҼ, Ų, һ, ˵Ҫ͵ߡ

ҴȤҪ溢Լӷ׺ȥ⡣


ĸ, ı¿ν˼Ľչ

ȿ˼֬飬ȡСЩͷ׷ۡ֬оӡЩ˳֮

ȥڵ, ҵ֬ˮ۵Ĵ˶̻ĸǣ˳, ûҳЩ̸⡢ʽ, ټӵضβ, ͷ·ƽƽ, Щ

ѳô˻, Ȱҷ

û, , ׬ֻҪҵĶãڱ, պȻӵʱա

ʵҵҪ뷨Ǹϡ

ʵͬɪ˵ͣѾͷʮоž䶼Ẉ̂ʱ޲ðų˺ˣ쳤վõؽӴʵܷ֣ȷʵǸʵ۵Ĺ

ͬ¹ӣ빫˵Ļôȥ

ãӷҲ˹٣ʼæˣɪһ˴ģһסҵ֣۷Ź⣺Сɩһ𿪻ɣȻ㻯ˣҽȻŴβʹЩⱲҲźˡ

깫üɫʵӲ࣬ü̿ͭͲ˳ԣһڵϻˡ

˵ǡʱ֮صĻף֣Ʃţ͡͡͡ʵȵȣ
պϣҪ֥齴࣬ͷӻ顢եˡ顢нĩܾݴĩȣ
أǸʱţģţ䶳гɱľųԣƺ̣ζˣڹŴţǲɱġ

æʣǻô

ɪ˸ָ˵Ȼˡ

ǣΪ򣬶ĻˣඨѼơצӡȡ衢Ϻȵȣز˾ͼ򵥶ˣʲô׼ʲô

ЩͷƩϺûɪҲʳָ󶯣Ȼζ

ɪ˵£ҶЯСϡ

ȽƷúҺ͹Ϳʼֵ̽棬ҾãԷκ֮װΣΪǸʱɫǿɲװִأҲɫˡ
Ҳ̫֣˵û£㲻öװ޽ǾŪ磬Сѣﴩºѧװ򴩳ӡ

˵䣬ѾͷʹҼʣʼͼԿۣȷʵƯŮװ϶˷ġ

ɪڰһۣ˵עĿװζС£ʳóԲ
˵Ǹʱиʣ򿨣ҲԸ㣬һЩʿǽʡʲôģҲЧ

ҵʱͼ´ȣ˵ã̫ˣһԵģӷ磡

֮ҾͿʼﱸſеġꡱ

ԭյϳ¸ƱǲóӵģҺһһ࣬ǳҼҵ׵ǳԣѹҶӣΪͲĶģֲ˼Ҫ

ǺƤ⽫óȥ䵱
ѹȻˡ˽ңôܽӵĶˣҲ̫ûִˡ

ôҾյǧƱ
٣һʵۣȻû˴󷽡
Ȼҿ϶ܽ˵Ĳӣһ䷢ҪдǷʱ
ã⹷ЦѣϣĦҵأ˵ʮ˯һΣ

ҡĵ
˯һٴΣ

˯ǿԣҵҲָˣôϸʼͬ˷·˵ǣÿضҪĥһʱŪͷ󺹣ˡ



ӣҾ̵ˡ
ֵĽӣĺѣΪʮʮ⣬ҳٶǮ⣬˼Ҳ⣻
ֲˣûѣ΢ĵطѰʵĵ档

û뵽һжô˳
ϸºȻҵң˵ȸֵмҾ¥Ҫ̳ȥû˼
æʴӣƣ˼ٰա

ӺȻһЦæ˵ٻͷмԨԴءĴΪ̣ʵΪ͢¡ֻʮ꣬ȴĺܣͳµšӯﱻϻǿƭ¥Ц˾ǰٳ棬ӯΧġ
ȥŴ࣬Ҳٳ棬żҵ֪¥Ǳ֪Ϊ˾¥λõ½ģ㰵ڳ¥ú

ů
ů˵ͬͷ¶棬ɵңðĻǰ
ǣʲôиڵطǺû꣬

Ҳռ˱ˣҵ٣ͬҲһݡ
æЦ˵ңʤ㵱͸ֺη
˵Ҫô㵱ҼҺ͹Ļ꣬ҪôͰѾ¥ͻƵĵߣҿɲ۸˵¡

Ǹˣ綼µҺѵĹϵæЦ˵ȻʢȭȭĳҲƴˣɣľӪǷǽСˣֻղȨǻһ֡

ʵĸ˵öҪˡ
ȥҾӪֻС⣬ﵽ׷ô˲ŰҴ˵׬ˡ

ʣµľǵȹͼװξ¥׼ƷƵϡ

ÿռæĽŲմأÿÿµϳƳԳʱˣҲһԣ

ÿ˵£æؼңŪ
Ҿмֵģۣ㡣

٣ҲæҪʼˣ˵ʱܲôӸһյѸұ̫ۣҪϢ
кüΣҹҶ˯ˣǸؿЦֹʲôû˵ұ˯

Լƺıʲôʲô޷ҿڣֱң

ֻҪ˵ҾͰѶڸǰ

ĸ£ҵ˺ǰҲ˲¡

˵ܵġ֡ѾʼУӡˣѧУڹټҺͶĿڱǳã
ĽҲˣסͷܴ̫̫ϱӣÿռҰѳϣֲƷԴԴϸ͵ϱȥЩɫˡ

ǰ÷奣ͬȸ˽Ƿǣȸֽ

÷好ˣ︣ҵˣһѱһŮø½еЩĲס

νһ˵õȮ죬˵ˣǻ÷һĶӡ

ԼĶӣ£
÷˵ѣؼǵĸĴϴһգ붼ʣԭ˺ͷݶ飬Ƕǵõġ
˼̬ԣôǿȨŮ֪÷ʹ˵󣬸طͨ˸

֪Ѿǹȥ÷ɣǿﲻ÷ˣæ뿪ǡ
֮ǰ÷奵Ҳ˵·̲ʮ˵綼ˣΪ˸Ժ;λŴˡ

ˣжδرг𣬾Իֻ

˴̫̫󣬳Ůף˳£ҡ
ǸŮˣլһѺ֣Ϊºǫͣʶڳ󸾶е

û÷奰ã˶ӣҺӯ䶼ڣһй¶һ䣬÷¶óԹ䡣
ԼĶӺһ˫ŮҲǷٵģʣµģڲأźĸϣֹعĶȥ

ѡλȻǸǵѡҺӯ䣬ġ



ȣ˰һӿ

ȸտԴĸȥ¥ʰޡʵƲ˴ȫˣǰţ¥żŪøûЩӴͣһ¥ѾװκˣʮŶӸûá

æһգڡ֪¥÷ù»ǹȥԣҺ£ʰʰޣǰؼҡ

ʵȣҽ˱ɫɻĨأȹͷ˼˺Ҷǳɫɴ£ֻ֧ŵ廨Ь˰̴ľȡ

ʵȣұ㽫ɴժ£ϣʹ
ˣʮ죬ҵľ¥ܿˣʱԴԴϵعϣˡ

ڴʱŲһԼĻҲûۣʣ÷ŪôҶһ룬ˣһǾŻؼҡ

˭֪ҲûӦ

ŤͷƣֲԶվŸߴˣŹٷ÷奡ŸʳУ򴩵̫񣬶Գ˲㱡зź졣

Դ֮ҲСûˡ

վûбֳ߾ȵ׼ʣôˣ

˭֪Ц
ǻؼң·˵أ¥ſиɴŮָ˰Σ죬͵ɫЩӺԺƽȻ㡣

Ŷ
Цͷʵڲ֪ͬ˵ʲôϰһ䣺ȵĹ

ǰ
÷奵ͷǳЦʳзϣͷ˳Ѹ⡢ţֻаٻ⣬ɺɫðź֭ѱӸƹЦԭǸĸͱƤ㺰ȣȵա

лˡ
ҲûжһЦҺȻϲ̫㣬ܺģ㻹Ǵȥɡ

ŶСС
÷ĬĬؽʳװį֮ɫŨͳ󲼰ҵ򿪣ָĦͷһƱЦºͣǰЩţ˵ȸ¸¥Ҫ⣬ǧƱҲҵһ⣬Űɡ

÷ǸƱˣ
ɨƱЦˣ綼ˣҲ˲٣˵ĺ⣬ˡ

÷奷·֪һô˵ЦƱջȥ̾˿Цң꣬ĺôӡúô

ͦõġ
ӻȴô£Ū÷ô

Ŷ
÷ͷǾͺǾͺá
֣ҲҲ˵ͷˣ۾Ĵž¥Ȼе֣ͦÿġ
վĿϣһֿҵأԿ͵͵˿ĭ
ӣСҡסأԴͱúܷ

ҲԼʧˣعЦѿ
ҵӣľӣûҶӣЦңǲʰΣҰɣӰĶ

ˡ
æܾ

û£һȥҲû
÷奾ʼһŵذûһ˸ͷ󺹣ץǺƤˮ˹˺˸ɾֱĨȥϵĺЦûػˣŰ˼ӣ۳

治
ҲԼ鷳ϥһ˸ͷЦЩйǴҲˣûȥˣˣôûң֪޳ʲô÷ˣһˡ

˵⻰תߡ
˭֪Ȼסˡ

⣡
˶٣߼Ҹǰԣˣҡм仰Ҫͬ˽

Ǹлȥǲˡ
ЦЦǰƿߡ

ڱµģ㲻ô
÷ٴסңҿȦѹҵǰ󹬶ڴ¡

ʲô£
üʡ

÷С˵Ǳ³˸·ĹŮǹŮǰ˺ӿ½ѹˣϾȵ۸ռݱóȻĳӣƺ̫á

˵÷ִսһ֣ԣǹŮӴѲʱѪȥˣüֵҹɫҴҵʬ壬дԣ°Сȥ˳ȪйţͿҪӻعˡ

ʲô
Ҵ󾪣ðŮӡ
ڹи谮ŮˣиСӣ
ŮˣϣԼ˶һˣеϲ֪þСȵ֨֨졣

ͻȻһ㶣𽥱־档
¹أŷɥҺôãɢ¶һԬ֣ҲԸ˵˲֪ġ

Ρ

𽥷䣬ǸŮǡңӣҶ

ҪҶӱ߰






72.     ҾѺ

72--

ҺȻͻ, ʢģоĺúܣһ, 

÷奼, ҲʶңС, ǰȣ, ҵ˱Ƥ, , Ҹǰ, мֹУʣ

û°ɣɫú, ȵѹѹ

ͷƲܾƤݺݵص

ͬ˵ʵ, ǲǱ½ģ
ҵ˼·ԽԽıҲԽԽأûĬ, 㲻ҽӽ, ǸеĹŮĴڣȪйСǲҵ

÷奴, ܿҳƵĿ⡣

ʵѲµ, ֤ʵǿ, ĺ

Ҳס, һƿ, ֱС壬˿̣ʲô㶼û, ֻϽȥҶӣ˭֪첲һʹ÷ץסˡ

ſ
س첲ɺȻҸоϵ˼֡
ô
Ÿ첲䣬ָץĲӡ

ҲûգضҵۣЦɿҡ

Ҫߣ͵صסңֹ뿪

㵽ô
޿̣𣺡ҿɾͺˡ

⣬ҼȻܽĸףǷģǸҽ
÷ＱɫŨͼ˵ңǸˣӦ֪ӽʲôݣǰʲôݡ

ĲСǰޣۣɹغҶӣ̲ס

ҵˣæͳԼӣҪҲᣬվûңӵҾöģֱϣһ仰˵ƿ׼ߣϣֱס

Ⱑʱ㲻øǡ
÷ſ˫ۣһֱңԴǿеȰңԵĲ˵֪ģǼҰܺҳû٣ǼѹһգѸˣкأһ˹٣Ͱ͵ؽ͵Ϊʲô
úһ룬빬ٲýҲĺӼԤ뵽ҪǺӷǰĸⱲӶعӣοأ㲻ô˽Ϊӿһ¡

죡
޿̣֣ص˦һ⣬ͽĲ졣

ģǰңͣ
ҵƺҲֻǰδ֣Σİ಻סˡ

ֱĨȥᣬ¿Ц÷ˣһֱãǷɣôֻڵģҵģҿ⣬㡭µʶǳҪ벻Ҫ˺ңôҪˡ

÷ȦˣŤͷָڲ´ңйԼԸ¶һΣҾѹʹһΣ⣬ⷬʵҵķθ֮ԣǰĸӷ룬ðĿųԶһ㡣

ʲô£
ͷֱôйϵô㼤ʲôġȰңԼܹһԺӵӡ

ٴδסţŵؿң̧üΣҪңվûҡ

Ұֱӳ˳ȥ

ʱ컹δڣŻƣƳĺСϣҲ

ȻҵĸںԺſڣҳˣæܹ

Ҳ˲ϳǷ÷好ֱվߡͷԸߵİȥ¹ۣ빫һ˼˵ͻ֢Ҫ

꣬æߴһƸϽؼҡ

ҡҷַĳֵڳĻŲ
һƿĶˣһԼĴȣͼʹԼ侲

ʵ綼ͷˣ¾ƿʼѾŰѺӱߣ⼸¶ԽãԽͷ¶棬Խ֤Ϊ

¿ʼÿֹ˼ͬҿڣ÷˵ҡ

ѣġ

ס
ģӻ֮ףϳµҲ綼Ԥʾ
֪ӿ϶ᱻߣ׸ǰպλģԴ⡢ӪΪʲôĸӵհ

һ£Ժͷ֣Ǿһˡ

ϵµ⣬᲻ð

Ҳסס

ҵĿϳİƺݺݵسһƨɡ

ӱ˳ڣͬʱֵϴһ޷ǡôͶ̥ô

ûһҾͻص˼ҡ

ȹԺ壬ԶȸӣҾŵɿɤʣأ

ȸɫãæ߱ظι̣Ժأôˣ

һѹסȸĲӣסߵȥһԬ๫˵Ҫû⣬һˡ

⻰ȸ˿գۣŵؿҡ
ҲЦ˶ţƵı˳ȥ

˿ס񣬳Ժȥ

˵ѶģҲֻɪԬˣʵûˣֻǰҡ

ģ֪빬ԶӺãûһֱڸǰ
ֻ̫СˣʤһôãȻƫɵ˼ңչ˺ϸÿôæܹ˵Ϻô

ҰѺ꣬빬Ҳܷġ

ҼԺȥȻʱźӣƵڹתơ

ʲôû˵ֱǰ߶ӡ

ͷȥ̫ȣֻżĶǶͷһһСΪ˱СϡóϿϡ

СԭţһңȻЦˣСֱˣҪץҵĶѽѽؽš

£ҧסָֺͷôƲסµЦϾͼˡ

·Ƶģ˫ۿңȻ۵һˡ

״æҪ֡

£ޣҡšš

ƣöÿԲԲСԲͺƵģСཱུģ۵Ů޻ҪƯ

ҷѽ⿪ι̡

ʵ綼ûˣҾãöӸеģȻСţֹͣޣҵ顭˯˹ȥ

ظͺͺͷƤ۵ӣָͷĽëСӡСͣèһĺӣôһգ۾ôˡ

˯ˣ᲻ýŽСһֱţؽ顭ͷӱСӺ˼ʶץ£ϣ˯졣

Ҳûڸǰӣġ



ɫ･䰵

ҵĽƵøͼƵģסǽѴãŶ߳Ժӣⲽ

ԼĪһյĹһ󼱴ٵĽŲֽ棬˵ǻˡ

æð

ɫ̫ãѹ̧ͷңҹһ񣬿ĿİͰ͵˵ˣСǻӱȥ¹ۣ˭֪Ĺ˵ˣ˵ǹ˲Σлү͹ּҴ뿪̽ȥˡ

ҵ˼֡
õúģѹȻµҪ빫ǰɪӷ֧ˡ

ûϵһԬ塣

ԺѾϵƣݴСе

Խȣ󼹱ȫǺͬèץ˼ǧ¡

ӻӿ˵ӣĵصСʱͷȸˡ

̧ͷȥȸǺˣżһӣҲ˲Ϻۣ÷ţһҸǰ۵һˣ˵ūôԬ๫ū˷š

ɤ۷ɣǰ󷢺ڣˣϣҲûˡ

̨
ұڲ̨֣ȸչš
ҽ΢ȥֽپȻԬױʡ

߼ã֪ڣαصأ˵ʲôãűѾҲֻˣ

ҺſĩˣԬ廰һ䣬ȻٻҸ߼ãˣ

ˣ˹£΢Ҹ棬ء

֪ʵдѿģ˼ԣ̯¡

ףʩˣͲܰԬɿ䵭ңһһӾˣ־ͽ̨򷭣˾䣺

ظĶ˵ҪҸӯĶ飬ôģ

ûˣֻȸ
ĸú̸һ£к򣬾ͰѶӱߡ

ȸʱͷ˺Ȼ˵Ľ--ʷˡ

һϲæرǱȥ

ڹűߣҿʷ󲽽ˣűɫӳͷϴɴñ֪ǲΪĽУסլĽʣĲƷЩԽԵųȡ

򡣡
һˣίؿ޵ֹס˵

żǽȥ˵
ʷ߼һȸȥСÿ˻ҳԵ档

Ҫߺӡ
˸ϽƵƣĽݣøסš÷Ȱҡɪӷ뾩Ԭ֮ȫ߸Ľ򣬳綼ıˣʲôŮӣޡ

תб۵ʷ÷奶˴ԣ㡢㲻ܲãôңиء

ãȱ𼱣˵
ʷѹѹָ֣ǰķϣʾ£˿ڱ÷ĨͷͱϵȺϸ˼Ƭ̣

ͷЩҲԼЩԣһʼ浱³˸ŮСӲصȪйܾĶԾ˽ҵ˻ʺֳŴ¡ЩͬŴмֽ飬ҲֱԲ䣬˵żҰȥȪ̽£˵СǰģɱȥйþǱ°ճա
һ£ҵȻ綼Ȫ˸ӤֻȺʱɢȥȻĻӱȥʵڵ㣬ǰ͵׼ͨ˭֪ߵְͳˣҿֺ

˵Ľص̾˿ͷԼЬƣ⼸ձ±ȥȪйˣš֮գǰСӴع֮ʱʱ֣빬áҹȰȰ㡣

ʲô£
ü˾䣬ӱѣҸæҡĦĸ첲

ãôģ
ʷСʡ

ô롣
Һ޵ҧгݣѵûȰңǸ֪ңһǿˡ

ڴʱȸŴѽˣҡ

û˼ԣƵһߣ涵ؿʷʵҸô

ãˡֱԣ綼Ӧ֪
ʷŻҷҲˣ˵ĸ·ˣѾѪȥȻû֡˵ʵڻǱ㣬룬Իĸ빬ûԹչ˶ӣżҲиӣĸӵĵóλôǰⲻһ²ô·ġ

ҶҶ
ָڶϵᣬ޵Ҵûһֱ˳ҲǲӸûֻ֣Ϊβͬ˵ֱӾ͹Ҫӣ˭ܵˣ

ҿ޵촽Ҳǲ͡Ѻ꣬¾ͽôҰġ

ʷû̾˿ָ۾ĵҲ㣬Ʃ統ҲĽ㣬ͳʳֻѾͷȥôŰɣҹȥһȪй£ûпأ˵ʵ̫Сˣ벻

˵⻰ʷߵҸǰӴһﱧߣ°ͳϵŬŬȰң±ţܼĲԷԼסඣȺȵ棬ΪҲô




73.  һ޹طµЦ   

73--ԸȢô

Ľ˻, ҳ࣬ʹҴææ뿪ˡ
Ȫй볤еԶӱ޵Ļ, Ҳʱ, ˵շ, ҴϢ

ĽҵѾ˺ܶ, ɻʲô䲻͵, һֱźӲ, ҹ, Һͬ˯һͷҹڻ, ŪҸ˯š

´ˮȣֱͦͦվǰɴ⿴
ʵֻҡҷĹƺ¹, СԺĽ䣬ܾ֮͵ӵİ, ԽԽ, , Խſ, ס

˻, һֱĽڵĶ, ûнй, ûмѣûнҵ뷨



ʱĻ᳹ҹߡ
Ұһҹ, ɰⶼûУϴº󣬾ڶӸǰš
ھ¥ʱҲûʲô˼ڴŪûȥٴ˸˵⼸£Ȳȥˡ

ʱˡ
ȸŨŨĲ裬ϵţҶ֪Լʲôʱ˯ŵģ˶Ҷӣ͵ؾѣԭ
Ȱɴ˯Ҿܾˣϴ˸ˮŵȡ

ڰʱĽˡ
һķ糾ͣͲӱɹЩ죬ǰȣͼһܽܵķʽҽ
ҹҴҸȥȪй˵Ҫ࣬סˡ
йĴ̫˵Ǳ岻ʣڰ빣Ѿ۵ˣ˻ˣʷ£и󳼴ĪҪű¡

Ľ˵⻰̾˿ҿЦ¹ƸȪйƲŲǡ

һضûС

ĩˣĽͷ֣̾¼Ȼʾ÷Ȱ㣬ǰڸкð¹Լͨܣ϶иʱޡ뿪ϾӲһ˵ģŻʼҵѪ

⻰ϰû

ĽˣңҪҪĽסա
æ˵ˣӽأḀ̊́ɣ˵˻ҾĽȥˡΪݣѾΪҸ߼̫ˣԸվһĸ׵ȥȪй

һֿ־кȻϯ
ΪߵúȣһԼĿ꣬ϸǾˮ¡
ӱߣô
ƫңպ϶иòսɫ˥ң
⣬ңһջһУվֿտա

ץסʲô
ͷҷ·ʲôץס

һ뵽ЩҾĻţرס
ûʲôҵģֻжҵġ

ҺȻҵ߼ƻҲϳµš
ԭŻױ塣

գҶûгݣһֱڶӸǰ¡ϴСƨƨЦ˯·ΨһĿ֡

֪ڰң˵ʱҽ¡

ϣڵյİ˵ˣ֣ͺ



ʢĵİĺᱡƲʱϦȾǳۡٺɫ

ұŶӣСԺĹ³ĺܹԣɵҽ¡ֶֶСҧ˺ü᲻ָӣȸֻë

ȻԺ󳳳ţҾͿ֣ƴ߽ˣظ󣬲סػó档

ұŶϥ֣ƼһȻصϣԸȸȥյ֦ˮ
ĸû֣ƺ˵㣬ԽԲѰ˵խ䱡б̴֧ľӴִֻȳ˺ԽױŪЩ

ȣ졣
֣ӹ֦˹˺ȾȸٶһҸǰЦؿңûӵؿ䣺˵Ǳǣ벻ʲôԭģѬʲô㣬ֺŵġ

ȥС֦ȸ߳ˣ⻰ƲƲ죬ݺݵڹĺϥһ񣬰Ӿϣ󣬸Щ⣺ҼҷҪӣӲѬЩʲӣ㣬˶еġ

֣ûȸչЦĦδӶôˣֱ߳ɢͯƵģÿ

ŤԸҶӣǳߣֻҪһ׼֡


֣ͷ˿֦Ц⼸ղ²˴˶պͿˣˣﻹ߶ˣѺӱƣܺЩ

ˣæǻأһֱŷ˺СӣΪˣԺЩû

Ц¿ȻˣǻǱˣʡİѲӡ

֣һۣЦºͣɫҲ뿪ˡ
Ů˶˶٣ε̾˿ȰңǺӵûعˣΪ˺ӡ

ʲôǺӣ
ҾסѺӱС׼ҵĶӣĦźӵС첲бüһЦѰ˼ţСӷ·ģô˵ǶأϣĪǣѽ

֣һҲû뵽һֱ㴰ֽ

ҲͬҴֱ̫ӣЦÿ˿ҲӡҲ˵ֵ׳꣬лӣ۸֮ӣΪβƽƽСӣҪ̸ڵأֱӸ߱£ҰĲ

һ⡣
Ȼϳ²µһģһ֣Ʋɽ

ʲô
ݸǳЦ⡭·ͱ֮£֡ƺ̫ء

͵ºˡ
֣Ʒ΢׹ķ٣Ц걾ʮ꣬ۿĸȥǰҲץűֲţ᲻ңԺôȥұ۸
˵ˣ֣Ȧһ죬ŤͷӲᣬ˵˾ʧˣӯӯЦſңĸ׶ˣΪ˺ӣκ£ԱѸӵ飬˵ǲñ±ֻ£ʱ빬Ļ

ûճյضŵϰҵϡ

ֻðʱ᲻ãʱã
֣ҵϥǣȰ⣺ʹʹ˵ˣʱѰ㣬ʱ򶨻㲻ǻܿ


ǿסʹ˵˾䣺Ժ󻹻ô

Ȼ
֣ɫֻһ϶ġ籾˵ģ¿϶ͬžۣôŰɣмӶһÿ·ʮ׼ʱúӳ㡣Ǳպ˱˼ֻҪһգ㽫¹᳹ףã

̸֪֣ͬ
ʮҺÿܼΡ

ͬô
һʡ

ᾡȡ
֣Ц

գҵӺͲᣬƺѾȡЩչ
ÿ¼Σܱһؼǿ
֣⣬ӦòƭҰɡ

׼ӦʱԺȻܽС̫࣬ͷ󺹣֣Ҽ˵п͸˵䣬ͽһԣ˽ȥˡ

֣ı֤˺ܶ࣬ЦŽѸƸǸ˵ߣĪҪ⡣
֣һӣ˵ѹûգչͬһŪ

ڴʱƼӻ֣С̫վһԣƣüͷص̾˿Ц·Ŵͣ˵˵

ҸоĻŻŵġ

˵ʲô
֣Цʡ

˵
ңε˵˼Ȼ᲻öӣԣͷգԺҲ빬ˡ»˵ЩʱСԺͬ˺һ÷

ʲô˼
վŵÿڸ۷סӡ

ǡ
һЦǱ²̼ѹݡţūҲ֪˵ʲôãԼɣҪӣǳлϥµ

˲䣬һƬհס
ѲȰңǱѡ

֣Ҷĸ飬֣ķʮ֣ܶ
֣ãҵжˣȴѺӵǰ;ˡ

ðѣġ

ҳճյϣ˯ĺӣᡣ

һԵĺƼ㣬̧ͷ֣̾ѾѡȻعɣЩʱҪݽŵģūȥС׼

·ڰգԶֺܽ

Ҳ֪ôվģô߹ȥġ

ҰѺӵݵʧǵ߰ɡ

ϣ
澪ϲū֪Ǹġ

ҡΣѣβѣ£þȫҡҲˣһѲ⣬󹫹ǧտһЩ

⻰ô˵ģū𡣡
һֱźӣһңڴս˲䣬˵˾䣺ĵūСһ񣬶лƴȸ

ûбֳı飬˵ڵʵڵ䣬ֻ絶

ŶʧҹɫһֱҶߡ



ƽԪĩˡ

ֻǵԼɵƵվԺ˵ȸһֱȰңסĺݡ
֣ûߣҲݣһ²

ԼǵãҲȰҺܾã˵ʲôˣֻǵһ䣬˵ʵĽңŮʮһש޷ѵĻݵŮŮ˺ø׵ôʧ

ҹ֣ˣҺȻա

ȸ˵ɢҩǿž񣬹ȥһ˯ڶ硣
һȥƫӣû뵽綼ˣֻʣСľСͰһӵСѡ

ŷ̵ԳһЦŶӵѣݽ˯ûûҹ˯˯Ѻ֣ͷһƬ

˯죬Ժȶûгȥ

ȸ˵һ˯ʱˣڽûгСԺ˺ܾá
֮ǰһǳͬҰ꣬ڣ·ûҪˡ

ȸ˵죬նϲԵ
½ҲһЩңĽ򡢺֣˭



³ĵҹˣһͷպˡ

һںģϰڷĵķˣһյ¼Сơ

ƣ´ӹȹϣߵױ̨ǰ£һƣƤסͷңɫ԰ס
ҵͷĬã֬ۺӣϸϸüױûʲôᣬ˸𷢴ס£ǰ

Ҷ̨߳ӣͷȥ

ɫãǶҫˣͷΣת

̨ϣҹ档
ȻСǱߴϤƺȸʹӡ

ŤͷȥҸ¼Űߵ崺Ỵ̈ͷĸδ°磬ϣ˼˵ŵƵǰߣȸС⽣ֻ񰮳ԡ

˵⻰ӳǰĿԡ
û¶ֵǻ߸˵Цʣ˻ô

öˡ
΢ЦŻشһƣȸѾͷԭأӯӯؿҡ

ѽ
֪ѾͷһֱңҰ˵⼸գ벻չҡ
ڽǰ
Ұƽ࣬ʾȸ˭֪Ѿͷ£۵һˡһסͷҵϣظıԲɵѾͷ㵣ˡ

ôˣ
ʴӡ
תһ̾תת·صԭ㣬ȥڣСԺֻҡӻȸ꣬Ҳֻ

½С˹ġ
ӽʳ£ϯض崺ƽ˫ϣЦСľūСȰ

Ŷ
ҵͷʣҶ

СӺܺãסԸ
Ц˷İգĸֶŵùˡ

һۣЦǾͺá

ڴʱҿӺȻӻͳĺӣƽģգۣӴ˿һƣ使޵ĵݸңٴνӷģҴ
֪ҿģ˿ڣһƿĿһ


סؿ
˭ֳ֪Ҳһֱ̽ĵ
ұЦˣ»ͷһ᣺Ҳֻ㻹ԸҸˡ

Ҳŷˡ
ݸ˺öΣɵǣδζŷ˯šͣʵ֣ͺСԺ⣬һֱţ󣬾ȻѾعˣ˵

رˡ
ҴϴӵĻ
統ԸԪһ㣬Ѳֱӳ֣ǻᰵʾǰչͺ˫ɣһһӲƵԼӣûĬ˸ң
ЦԸأƼĵҲ£ӣʣ

ֵܣʸ£ԸԸⱣ

СԸ⡣
ЦŴ 

ԸԸһֱ˯
ʡ

С˲Ը⡣
ѿڶ

ԸԸȢң
ʡ

Ը⡣
Ӵ𣬺ܿɫһ䣬֣С˲ҡ

ҹŭȢôˣŮˣ
ӡŵáԲۣһЦأưŵá
˵⻰һһĵȸƨ.ɣЦߡ

ȸ̧ͷңҹģȥĶ
Ѿͷ˿ĭСʣ˲봳Ҫɡ

˵ʲôɵ
סѣΣǿȸЦۿҪţĿƲˡ¡С.Ůôأæˣǽҹȥסھ¥ҲɽɽŮ׸

ȸȻصͷʣʲôʱؼң

ЦЦûˣѲϸʰһ£ˣˡ




74.  ϸ   Ԫ֣

74--ϸ

ƽԪ³ҹ, ҴӼ뿪ˡ

Ҳ꣬ҴӺҹ⣬, , ڳ˰ˡ

ԭѾô·, ôԶ

Һȸһʰϸѹְ᲻ߵĶصؽ, зݵŶ, ҽĸ˳, ҹ˾뿪

ҡҷƳС, ڳԼָѾһޢ, ʱӦøճ̣ٱһ, һ˯ˡ

Ŭȥ뺢, , ʱ롣

, ˵, Ҹվͱ, Ҳô, Ҳô

, Ҳϡ

ϵ˽죬ϵҵı߿⣬һֱѪ

ָͷȥ, ȥȸʱСȶ첲ſҵϣ˯졣

ΪѾͷˣ˰ɣЩӲ߲ݵչҡ

ظͷ磬ڹȥ£ظ

ڴʱȻͣˣ˯ѵȸһʶҿԺʣ¥ô

⣬طˣǻʰϸ·˴Ҵȥơˡ

ֻƣۣĮҪͣߡ

İԥƬ̣Ӧˡ

ҡҷ䣬Ƽӱƿδף·˴ֽץסˣһȳһյظǰߣг˷Цؿң

ˣ˭ˣ

û˵ŵˣյ£·˶˵˰ɣǸʵǹ

ʲôѽ㡣
ȸ̴ľСȣһ֣ɿ

һûʲôӦȸȴȿˣֱһ֮ѣӶǱˣǲ𣬶˰ɡ

ôҲˡ
ȸñܵ˲ϣĿƵضңˣ⿴°Сӱء

⻰æŤͷơ

ҹɫУҿԶͣǰ˺üŷִ崺İодӡ

أǣվǰͷﱧĵϴŵҴ¹۴׺ɫװ˸ߣЩ̣¶˽ס

δЩЩ㲡

ĿԼ䣬һϲﺬſǷڴɣ֪ǲͷһδװе㲻̫˼קӺ°ڣ

ޱؿ޲Ц˵

סֹ

ұƭˣû

·ʲô˼Ǹ߸ᰮ⣬ĸӷ룿

ҡҡͷٿؿڳϡ

ʱȸǵؿһۣѾͷ˿ڣһƿͷţӰҳ˱ʯĽˣݺݵ˳ȥҽ֪ͷϻϡ

ȸſڳߣͷȥˣǴӽʼһϣУǼѾˣҪʲôˣ͵ģ

û뵽ѱȸ

ģĸ׺Ӿǳ£׵ᣬסҧסҲȸġ


ҽȸͰϿЩ

׼ͷȸ˵Եģû뵽Ѿͷϣ޵ֱסΪŰҺˣҾҸ˼ˣٲ

޲ޡ
ЦŰοƣǼҴСᶼҪɺӣܸϴɴˡ

ˡ
ȸ죬ҵļ磺˼š

תѾͷȻֱӣסʣūǲ죬ѱҲˣ

û¡
סȸЦú˵һֶ˵ı㻹

ȻٴοƿظܣϱҳѪӡӣȸεسһЦȰңαطˣ˱棬ʲôãƣˣԭʮԼĳÿ³һʮ壬ūˣʲôǻؼ˵

ʮգһ׼ʱӣͷģչ˺

ĺ֣ЦȸҲңԹûʲô⣬ƽϣЩӻ꿪ţż䣬һҪƷ

˵⻰ҽӺҴӰװǧƱĽó˵࣬ӳ⣬ͬʱߴٰƣٸϿЩ



ȸǳֵĵط֮һ¥ƹҹ󣬸ɫ˸Ĵ㳵
ҹ̯С˷¥ƻͨ˵ľ㣬е.Ů˵ĸ

µľ¥ʱڵϹһƬԵЩͻأ

ûϵŽȥ

ʱҽвｻȸΡЩϣȸǽĹܼˣպӵĵط࣬ʱЩû£Ժ϶ġ

⻰ȸڵҪ֪ͲǸˣܻһء

һЦšѾͷû¶Ҳˣ˽

ڳ⽻ҩģһ˵ٹزүӡдҩҲҵһ⡣

֪˵Ĳģƭɪӷȥþĺ飬һҪġ

ҽɴã˾¥š

ĴȥǱߵŵƣӳ۵СڲϴΡľƻаߵ໨ƿ

룬û¥װνȷǳ죬мǸԲˮأͷ˼Ưʯɽ

ɽӭɣиţɽǰͷú̶ɵн룬̬ý̤ˮɣˮѷ˶ʯɫС㡣

ŷǳɫĵƣ̨ߵǽϹŰƴСľƣһǾ¥ﾭӪƲˣһǻĻˡ

¥̫ڣҾûȥ

СˣæЦŴк˵ٺĪܼҴʱںأңҪҪ֪һ

æ˵ˡ

Ȧõشȸͻȥ

ԶͿƻͨٺ;¥Ī±ңվͷһˮ˱ڼǣһƲˡ

ٽɫɴֱ֣ͷڣһ˫һۣƤ𪣬˵ʮ꣬ãò໹Ӣ

ʵ̳иҵЩͷ˶𾴵سһ١

ûвԱң·˫ۣһ߿ˣһЦĪ£ϸЩˣǵһʱʸ

Ī·һ̳̳ƣЦôҪϹ˺ףһ߿ҼţҸϽؾ¥

һ㶣ȻǰŴӼ뿪Ѻž˹١Īƹ񡰽Ӽݡ

ûû˵ظ档

㻹˵ء
ҡͷһЦָű޼ĺ룺ү˸ѣ˶
ָɽ״ָԼĵ£ЦҪӪ̽̽ʵɱһͽ˴ӱˡ

Ī´ЦʣλʲôͷôĿ֧ʹĪǾλ˼ҵң

ˣٳ
ٰĪ¡

ĪЦҲ¶ˣ˶ңλ˵ĿûһֱɴͷЩӹװΣǵ˶׳ʲô˸Сľ֣ǿǳҿǼƷ˫¶۾ˮ飬˵ŵϷǻģֺģӦǸ˶ɡ

Խ˵Խˡ
ٺ˱ɫ뿪ЦҲ£м¶ŷɴУ˼ҿɲʲôȨңʧɢӣ

Īƹ˳ٵĻͷȤԭ϶һôη£̫̫֪ô

ٴЦ֪ǵðҵλˣ

˵ٴ˸УЩعŪʲô⣬³ݡϻϡãڡ

ˣݸһЦЯȸǰӺٵļ磬ŵðת

ˣ󾽣ҿǳĪ£ĺ˵ӾͰͷݾƣ

˵ЦŸұȭ񣺡ˣѽ

磬Сõ𡣡
æٵĸ첲ЦԲĴæ˴ĺ¡

ٵͷһֱĨ˵УǿЦ۾ܿˡ

˵ٲӣҽ˲ᣬЦŶԣ⼸ѾӽƷɹȫˣ˹Ŀﲻ⣬ȥð졣


Ī´ȸ˯ȸȻƤܣɲ뿪ңš

ҡҡͷȻ̳˻ƣϣָԼ˱̿ɴһ٣̣С⣬ⱾǼʱֹޣʵڲΪ˺ңǮҽ

ǵҲǡ
˾ƣЦȣûԣӦþͺˣǰǳӳϣζƮȥѾкЩ˴ʲôˡ˵ǰѱӦϣ¥죬Ҳԡ

ٴθϾƣϸ˼Ƭ̡

ףΪ˺Ҹˣ˵Ѹˡ
˵ţëǧĳ룬ûʲôֵýš

һ¥ˣ˵£ѹں

˺üƣ̽ʣ磬žӪһ£Ч

ǲҵЩǣҲ¿ȦƬ̣ЦУȰӶ£Ѯţ⼸½ʳԳԣȻ˳ȥڶഫζӪһغͺĸо¥ҪΪӯĴͷҵվˮ۸ͼɣ⣬ʼҲĶܽǰҽȥıǮƽ

ãȫġ
æͷ˻һ˵⣬ͷΣЦСýĻϸ£иʶжʩЧ򭣬Ʃǳ¥Գԣǻ᲻ģ¡׷棿Щˣǻ᲻ֺ䶯ȻǿԸЩһЩãܲ˼Ұ׸ɻ

ǰһûһʼַܣսңЦ˵ĺãи¥֪ʵƲһͿɾǺΪǾ¥к˹ˣҾĬǾ¥ãƩлүǲ֪¥ĳ͡

ҵ˼·ԽԽЦϧлүˣ϶æСڳز죬벻뷨

ЦЦѣҾЩźֻ׷ң߹ãȥ֮һλǾͲˣʺҲܰɽӣʿ֮ӷ粻ڡ
Ƭ̣һĴȣҵһˣ黭䣬ȥԬڽݿУǽҵ񣬾ǳԴֻ֣֮ƢŹֵúܣһ벻Ϊ˻Ůͼ˵̻֮أǸŵ

벻ҲҪ롣
ָ棬üӦ붯÷奡

ϣǿ̫ˡ
ټѣ͵һۣЦʣ᲻ᡭ㡣

ûʲôģ¸ӣС



¼ƻɲ١

ƼȸѾſ˯ˣߴȸϽȥѴһ£˯صңңٺĪƹҲȥЪϢͷ

˶ߺ˲ῴ˻

ҹʵ̫ڳſڣѾǽ˯ˡ

ӣľﵹЩˮš˸ֽʼϴꡢ˵ףҶϴ˸

ΪֻһֱæҲ

ǶӣǶӡ

ԣǻ͸ˣ䣿ǶˣһҪ¡
У쿪ʼԳԻҲҪڳʱ¼⣬ϽĽ

أ˯˰ɣҹˣ᲻ἰʱι̡

ôˣ
Һ޵ýĨˤˮһ

ҽɴȡ£ͳӣ׼˭֪ڴʱѾȥٺȻ˻ߵſڣ

Ǹ߷ˣھ¥иСլԺ徻һֱסҾ͹ȥڳվͰȥϾ¥ӡ

˵ţƼȡɴƺ֮ɫ˿ĭæٴĨϵĺǸ˷ˣ²͵ææ¸ˡ

˵⻰æˡ
һûӦֵ˻

վб͵ңЦ䲻÷Ϊᣬ˵Ըߣǲ˵¿һݡзưԣ˾͸ˡ

ЦЦϥһ񣺡лˣСõųԣ






75.     ɱҪˡ

75-

һֱϴϴ̵ҹ, ۵ֱŻȥϢ

ȸ˯óҼ򵥲ϴ, ɴϡ

ԭΪ, ۵˼£۾˯
, ҷԽѣӶ, ǸرԵı, ĥ˵, ι, ˯һϣϵ, ҵʱ򣬻Ц˵ѽѽҽС

ϣ, ˵ʱ򣬵һܽ

, ֵˡ

˼Լ, , ӰҵӵСǶ, , ζ, ƽ, Ҳ˯⣬ɻûüΣͲȸ, ¥ĻҲʰԼ䣬ٺĬƺҵĸ

---û
---ûأںϴֱæһء



ûЩεĶͷϴϸϸȫͿ˼ֲͬЧ࣬ס˾¥ҲҪֲиرԼ

ȣҴǳɫɴ£ͷɺף˾µķ٣ֻ֧ȸԺ֧Ļڷϣ񲻴ˣҲĵһױ֮Լ

ɴҺȸš
Ȼٴž¥Ĺ¡ơм.ŮŵͷŸʳУҲʰü񣬿ңæЦŴкʳУüһ

簡ˣ˯ÿϰߣ׼Щʳзҵзǿһԭ翪ģ½Ҵ뵽˼첻ʹ˿ȳ

΢Цϥϣˡ

˵䣬ͬ١ȸһе¥Ĵ׼㡣

һĻԡ

Խ໹С˶ĵҪҪǡæ˵ˣƿɴһǣ˿࣬Ȼůθúܡ

ҺԲһµʱ򣬾¥źȻر³֪˭Ī½ǰȥš

մ򿪣ʹͷʮͷĴСӣͷߣƤ΢ڣװӸ߸¶ǿ첲˫Ŀ͸׹⣬һǸӲ硣

Ϊµģ˭֪Сӻ»ȦĿϣһϲӻ֣ͷһģһˣЩָֻʳУȳҹȻʳĳʳΰϣֻӡ

ʣ϶ѵֱʡ

ǸͷСЦǰȭЦСκҼǳӣ·¥俴˷ˣһģŷ˸û緹С˸ѩѰа⽡ϹСࡢƬࡢ˿桭

ˡ
ҴǸаκĻᷳҾǿ¥ģʲôʳûУòʲôڣ߰ա

ǲãС˻ȥûҪһٰӡ
κЦǺǵس⽫ǰзƿӻͳţصݸңֻߣѹҼҳӸţСľͷĻ

Сľͷ
һ㶣Ӧҵ

һѶǷţ𿪾ͿӳĹȻϤƯп

㻹Ҫͬ޶ʲôʱ
֪Ϊӵ£͸ޣѶӱعһǸ˽ӡ
޿ĸӰ룬ʵڲֲ̣ø㿪ڣǡ

滹ҳҲ¿װŷ⣬ݸκĮ˵ҿˣȥҲܽ

ûġ
κĵؾϥ¹ĿƵؿң˿ţӶС˵ȴˣͷˣȥȫ̡

˱ǰɣҹǳϢˡ
Ұ۰κȸڹ̨ȡ֧ʣȡǷţδÿҳдˡġ֣Ȼۺãڵϣͷ࣬۶ǰСˣĮ

ˣȥɣû±Ҳ

κû뵽֣æţ˸񣬴ȥˡ

ߺټشյҸǰб۳ϵзưȻЦλӴ˿ذôֱʣ԰ӣ׼˼ӡ

Ҳ԰ӡ
ЦЦӲ´ٵļ磬ȦˣЦλ÷ʱǿʼԳԻ

˵⻰תߡ

Ҳûлݣˮ˲ᣬȸͻ˱ѣһ߿Űӣһңζ˲ô
ȸͱ°ĶӣôԵĶ²ס죬סǷ˵ˣʲôӵġ

ҡͷЦЦû˳졣

䣬ִŸ첲˱˶Դ洢ʳ˲ȥƽ˱ƣŲʱˣȥá

˶ˣҰᣬ¥ӣʮüۡפ.ŮճյĻʮ˵ǵȿźټĪ£¹ʮˡ

Щ˶ԭȾ¥ľˣֽŸɾڷϽŵù

Ҳûʲô˵ģС͵С¡ģµ꿪ţÿǮɣǴӯ⣬ÿ˶ƣƵԽ࣬Խ࣬ÿǰλ෢һǮ

Ͽţ쳤վõЩ˽ӴҲ̫Сȸÿ˷˶Ǯӣ˻ϲأԸҴǧҾ˵˵ĺһǾ¥Ӫɳľ¥

æԳԿҲ½ˡ
ӹ㣬˲ͬݵˣкŹĹ١ϻĶԡСЩڹŷ̫ࡣ

ʳ㣬ֽʣ¼ԳԹе⡣
ʵ治һʼǻù֣ԽԽ񫣬ͷ󺹣ٺһСƣöӡҡۣ⣬Źǹ

ڲƷҲ˷ǳпϵز˻ˣٶ̫ǲǿԷֳɼʳѡңɲȥ

⻰ȥЩϵ۵ĶУЧĺã۶ȥֱڣڼ

ܵ˵ǶԻǱкܸߵۣһֺ̲úȣǳԷ棬պ֥齴࣬ԭҲóԣһΪǵĻ϶ҳ

Ҹ˵Ҫֱȳۻ
ҲˣԶʰ޳ʣĹӣ˭̵ֱֱ֪졣
һץסٵƣͨ죬֪ó֣Ǽץš

üǲǿԽһ£ܿĵطһ̲ˣһ߿廨⣬Ҳ˸׬ӵ

㬵س֣Լֱ̺ԭ˽ĳֿ⣬ⲻҹһ߳žƣһ߿⣬աӦÿһ¡

ϸڣѴйǶֹû뷨еĻǻһЧ



ԳԺܿҲͣͻһʰϴˢ
ȸңһȥЪЦЦ˭֪ʱʵ̫Σһ͵

ѾͷˣʲôҲˣһץסҵӣǿݣڴϣϢ

û취ֻбۣװȥ˯
˰ɣûһ˯ˡ

ģһμѳϦദ˭֪䲻ͱˣô׷ϣһμ¥ˣĲƷӦϣƽҲˣݵʳӣһˡ

ѺؿƵģŤͷһɫĺϦƵĹɴڵͶǳǳĹӰԭ˯ôá

Ŵֻоۣȣ󼹱˲ȺԸȸȥˮҲϴϴ
ϴ¹ҳӣͷ˯ңվſ˸ͷЦ

˰ҪҪԵ㶫óЩıҡ

һֱţ
ҷ·٣Цʡ

¿ǵóĳعţǧ򲻸£һСġ
Ц˵šʵ˱÷߹׼ݸңüһЦʣӽ󣬸Һô

ҽӹ˿ڣҡСȣЦʣˣ

°˳ȥˣⲻ½˹ɶʱš
ٶɰźЦǸ̲˹ӣҲ˻ͼȥͭƣá

ҳĴָͷ
Ҿϲ١˴򽻵Ǿɷϣ¾׼ݿ죬ദǳɣѧܶණƩپͽô¥ôˣô;յϹ˿άֺùϵ

˵ʵһþӪ

Ҳ̫Һȱģ÷ݸЦ٣˵˸黭ôʲôʱء

˲˵ҵˡ
ٻһȣȷ磬Ц˯ţ˳ȥ˷һ¶ڽ̷˾š

̷˾
΢΢ü
֪ǵضﲻԶĳ֣̻Ÿ־¥˹ݣн̷˾ҲڣŮӶǷټҾ죬òǲѧʤ̻ͨŮӣʶҲߣһǧʱ
ͨ¥ŮӣĻᣬ̷˾Ů˺ѣһֱ̤

Ƕʲô
ʣҲǸ֪԰ĳˡ

۲¡
ٺ˿ڲ裬Ц˵Ůͼһȵ޲ڣ˵˺üء

ô
תСȣü

ǡ
Ц˽ʮ˰ɣ˵ַˣߺģĴʦѧգʮɣ󶨾ӳȵʱΪлʦΪƢŹ֣ȵۣϳ˻ʹǼõģƮ鶯ư磬ļ٣Ҽǰ߼

˵⻰ʱҡֽȣ˼п룬ЩЦʵ仹ǻãⲻȥڽݣԬ˻˼ҳǽһʱҲ룬۷˺üһѾ

ٽȺסҸ£ҡҡ֡


̽ʡ

ǧá
ҪȴһҵͷףԼĶͷЦ̾һŮͼڹײҲ޺ˣ˵Ҳ꣬ôŻˣȻûף޶ŮҲδչͽû˼̳²ϧϧ̷ͬ˾ĸ죬ʱʹܲ䵽Ǿ¥Ըĸŵ֣˵үɶ̼ˣ˾ƾͷ裬ˤӣҪ̨ս̷˾ֻҲţҵ衣ĸȰģôģ

Ǹˣ
Ҽѿڶ
ǵǰڼסʱʱޣ˵ֶ黭֣һʼһλ¥Ÿ棬ôһ˵Ҿãҵýѣ鷨ֶָһѵãҵץסˡ

ߣȥ̷˾
ҲĶ

̫ðɡ
ٳҼüŪۣʾңӷ·𡭡᲻˰ɡ


Ҵߴ٣Ҫˡ




76.     

76-

Һ, Ȼ˼Ǿ¥ԻôҪ䣬͵ϡ

ٲĪ»˼, صһ, һǶԴӲʾ˵İҲȡ˹˵ʫùġ
Ҳʾ, ȸȥһҰ˵ܼ͵͵Ƿֽ

ҲҪ, ǽ黭, ҵҸ˵ͷ

жԤȫ, Ѿһʱ

ȸ, ҪȥʵҲʶʶν¥ʲô, ûãȥƵĵͽڳլʰʰ, ˳չˮһԡ



ҹ, ƺڱųꡣ

С, ȵһֱȷ, ͷ, ƿһ⿴, бˣģѡҩġεģйŸͷ, 

̻, ĴŹŨĻ㣬˿֮˷˵ĻЦ

Լ˰յĹ, ˣҽƿҳŸУҸǰ

ͷĴȥ
Ľ̷˾̻棬ʵǸĸڣûԺǽֻţҶдš̷˾֣ĻƣԺִıδ󺺣ʱʱŻĸ̡ٴӽ

ʵĺ꣬ţʣҡ死ûչҲɹ.ˣһ˫ǧ촽˳

һ֮ʣ
ҹùʣڣſư䣬ϵһԲ飬ѥϵĻƣýһģһźƣһֶŸʵУЦ

ûˣ֪Ǽÿɻϵң

ҡͷЦЦ
ˣĵطƽǽ̷˾֮һҲƹӦ֮һ

ˣȷ´ֵط
ٴҸǰ۾ĴɤӣҪ½ȥ̸ǻȥЪŰա

ģĲᡣ
ҷٱ֤

˵䣬߳ԼĪʮͷŨױĵüмģӻ֣ýŵѾͷ£Цӭץסٵ˫ۣӯӯϥһЦ

ϣݵʧԶӭˡǧˡ

𡣡
ٷλεĸ˳˰ѣЦүӣүĴ󱦽вĹ

ȻС
跴סٵ֣δȥüۺ飬ĸобͷƣЦⲻǰǰαԪҵСŮǿ泤ø仨Ƶģҹĳǧ֮࣬Ĺ֮һ
˵ʳָٵıͷЦѽûϡ

ⲻȥ˽̸
ЦʣĸӰ˼Թĳҹȥ
ǲڣٿεĻҸǰܵλǾ¥Ķңˡ

ע⵽ң´Ȧңǰһ𷽲ŵḡ΢ЦŸϥһ񣬷·ЩΪҪɴҲҺپʲôϵ˾ûʡ

ˣˡ
ԸǴ·ҺߣЦڶ¥

´Ȼߡ

ǰýӿ͵ĵطǸ¥мǸ񳹵̨ӣ̨ʮ滨ĺλվտʦ̨һֱò裬̨·ʮžƳˣֵĺ̹١
ó˹뷿֮⣬иĺֻͣƻͨŮӻЦ

Цסĸ첲Ůһ

裬õ֬ͷͶļҵĻ

Ƿ۵ģҲЩǴԽġ
ЦϲôЩϵȵģȥ

ǵǡ
ҴСɰͳЯ֬УСֱָĨЩʾ迴Ц۵ۺ֬ǰҲã㵹㣬ǲ־ãƩȣ΢㺹ͻˡʵԼҲھӪС֬ӣУõȫϵȵĲϡ
̧֣Աֱܿϵ֬ЦƩУͷĩͱĸۣۡĨϣ΢΢ӫ⣬ÿˡ

ϣơ
Ȼ£ͣ½Ų¥ݿڵĵ£ץסҵֿ֣

ء
ҽŵѰ֬ú֭ӵģҼҵõǰĵõ廹ʮﻨųôһСУͷ˺Щҩģյͬʱܻ
ҽɴƿһǣ迴ҵļЦ۸ҲԶԶڷ۵ģȤЩá

轫ҵЩĦҵĸ첲ЦŷݱǣҲԡ
˵⻰ʱͷһЦֲսϷ״˵¥ʧɢãһţˣʱ򣬻УǶˬˣҲʵϲ˲ţ˾ͽ֬Ӷãǽþ̸ܽˡ

̷֪˾֬ǴҲܰԲˣһֹ﹩ӦϣÿҲǱʼĽ
æϽȡ£ʮȻشͷϣЦμ棬Сõһ⡣
˵⻰ʱס裬͵͵˽СȻؽרȥǰ̫ҽԺԺжżҵЩ۸ӣոЩ

ϡ
˳סҵü۽Цôô¶أҿտˣֱӶ˰ɡ

ⷬһ䣬˽Цջɡ



¥ʱң˵ڽ̷˾˸䣬Ѿһ£·ûûҹơ۲ˣѾǰкˣʮ飬ŴӦҺ٣ֻһʱ䡣

Ĵ·£Ǻܿ͵Ǹ䣬ͷݻŽȥһ

̫ˡ

ϵǳʣļͷ̡ӹǣǽдֱ֣īͿˣ߰øƵģϴŻµѡ㣬ŲɶԶֻѥӣƺ˵ҹŵֽԼ۳صëʡ

أʱϯϣ򿪴һߺȾƳԻףһ߿¥µĸ裬ˣҲᣬ֪ûϴˣɢһ
ϸϸҲмޣʮֻ꣬ʮͷݸմī֭Ҳܿò࿡üﺬŰ񣬲֪ǲǾƺȵ̫̹࣬¶ؿڶһƬ

ɤӣ̫ǰЦˡ
ûӦӺɰȡɢӣļ˼ˡ

Ƶػͷ룬ɨȦˣûбֳȤĿȻϣ˸öϸʳָָңĮ¹ˣƤ·𲻴ɣ·ɣƹܲ뻭

ҵɺ죬ʲô

ҵΣյҶߣͣ˵ҪŮͼ뿴ʵŮˣҸоԲ˼ҹһʮⲻһĺƹﶼˣɻǻƽϣȾƺɵ˶

Цŵͷ½¡

ǰһȻЦλٺˣרݷָֻġ

Ŷ
Ƥ̧ӹƤ֧㣬ϵţָ¸ǰĮ
Ͻ°ɣæúܣҪСԷء

Һٻһۣ£æ

ºٽϵĲи˳£Ӳɾͷͺ;ƣЦŽ񱭺óάʢ׹ֻһֱûԵּ档ҳ黭ˣҲֻϣơ㣬ʢ⡣ʹ֪ͣδ硣ƿҼҵؽ˼ʮꡭ

ٻδ˵꣬ԹԵضƺȾˣòˬ죬ƺ˹˺ʮڣԺؿҺ٣ʣ˭ʲôʱģ

ãȺͿˡ

ЦЦԸ䵹ƣˣȥҼҾ¥ø

ȥ
ɴؾܾ

˿û£ĥ£бȥѾȼ˴롣
Ҵ򿪽Удóչƣͼ׽˵黭һ檽µ˷æֵΣ

ʵ֮ǰҾֽѵӡճϡ

Ŷ
Щ£ָͷ򹴹¿˱飬Цһ㡣

ʲô
Щ죬æ⻹һ㣬Ҫٿ

ңָָѵ֣߲ˮŹɱ˵ĺұ󿪴ϣطʧ˵ԶɣдöһѾ۷塣

ҳһȻǴң־ܲ³ЩѵΪˡ

ʱһԵЩصؿ˼ʾ䣺Ҳ̱߯ˣдֵǸ㡢ٿ伸䡣

ʲôǵʵ۵ôΪϲ
Ʋ٣ĵǰҾ͵˵дĲУԽˣǹƨͨһĲֵ
˵ԽƵ͵ʱһֽ˿ŻˣϽ߰ɣЩͭ˾ᡣ

æӰֲȥ־𣬽٣ŲǰЦĶԣһĲֵǸ˲ģϲʳƣɣǶĲˣζãƽﻹʮþƣ֪ˡ

𿪣𿪣
ֱһ֣쳤¥¿
ʱ¥´ٵɹкҲ


æؽǾ¥ɻûӦٴαƿ

ŻС˾䣺㻹δء
ȻûƢϣ˼ңǵõģٴθϾƣЦ˵Щ谭

һδ˵ֻ꣬ץ룬Ȼȫϣ߶߶ĳ฾û꣬Ͻӿˡ

˲ôˣ

ʱҿץǰľ룬೯ȥϼһ㣡
ŭ߰°ͣĶľƷӣɫ͸ҿȾˣͬ㽲ǰɣҶӶ

ҸҪȰ䣬ȻǺһӣ٣ͷңҲʾȭͷֱк˺ܿ˴ͷȶ⣬Ӵƣ䣬СӸѹˡ

ͷŵİæܡ

ˡ
һŵæվˣ֪ô˷Ŷҵ裬һװȰܵʱ򣬺СӼš
ˣϣͷЦ
ҴſǻȰȴֿ˻˼ţ˭֪Ȼץס˽
æȣþȫ˽ţоߵĵطţƼʹغ٣ϺƵĹס..۵ֱڵϴ

үҾ˼Ķˡ

ҳסæҪȥûŪ˭֪ڴʱһͦԾͷɴ£Ǵľƺ뻹ֻһ԰סҾܡ

¥ֳⷬ綼кܶ֡

ҺٺͰţҲƽӽ̷˾ܳȥ

ûǺ˵֬;ζֻо˲٣ˣ۵վڽֱ

ŤͷȥٴʱŸ˺ۣͷңҲڴںʱʱشԼĿڣԼҷĨƽǽ˼Ӳ˵ţƹ
˵ٳĴָЦ֣ԣ½Ҳݡ

ֱĨȥϵĺһЦתǵҪǻȥưɣһѡ߻ˡ

û¡
ٴһӣڴվֱӣֲãһţҲˡ


˾٣һۡ
Ȼҷֽģͷȥ룬ЬûˣǷû˰ɣԡǵСǻץסҵСȣᱻץ˰ɡ





77.  ˭˭   ˭˭

77--˭˭

ԭȥЬ, ±˵ţҲÿ, ǰοԼ, ̷˾ֻЬͷĹô, ˭֪ĸġ

ףҪˡ
Ҳûͣ, к˽, ؼС

쵽ʱ, ӽŰ, ˽ӡ

ʱҹȫڱΣų紵, ҵȹĴȥСǰ, ƺǸ˼֮أլԺ˴Զ, ·ӵ, Ǹĵĺȥ

ٴӺ, Ҹ¼װֵĴ, Ƹű׵, ҴеҸǰ, Ҳ, ЦӵֱǷŪˣĪҪģ»޸, ո

˵ٵͷȴ͵ңЦżּթͽǸǶɻгӵֻ롢߼ռұ

ЦЦдպлᣬСðһ

á
ٴϲע£ϸȵʯɤӣ̽ʣǿǰˣԺĻᶼˣҪʿ

ȡһ°ɡ
üͷ΢壬Цˣ϶ѲŰƢǱģ˵ףǽ˼ˣպ벻¥÷ǵźǸȡһ

ã
һĴȣЦҪƤ۾ˣ񲻰װװѻ˷ˡ
Ҹǰս֣ȻЦͷֻС˷ˣͷǸҩɱȥͷᵽ¥Ĳݡ

ҷͦϲٵġ
п롢ˬеɫαз·͸ŵϣͦ˼ġ

ҽǸ̸֬ˮۡ
ҳƬ̣Ǿյɴȡ£Ц٣°ɡ

ǵڡ
ЦЦüһ֪ӣ϶Ҹչ⡣
˵ٴ֣ŵϵĵӰЦʵ㲻ôô˵֬ظߣ۸ȷ۵ıˣͰѻ˵ˣǺͷѰѼ۸̸

ԭ̫ˡ
ϷεεЦȻ˴磬ǾָСһô̸

˿ڣ˳ƽҷƽĨ£ͷָĨűµĺ룬սңüɫȶλһ֬˭ǽ̷˾ʵҲָŵȣһȵͷƣԴö˿С㣬õĶ϶һ׼ˣǽһ£ȵĺ֮öҲ̫̫ͨ࣬žͷ۵ǵȵĹûôˣͨӻɫУµĹˣӹýͰͣҲͶԸðɡӣ֬˭

ϸ£Ц˼ҷ۵ˣۿ϶е֬ҲƩۣӶ׷ۻǦۣͷˣ׷෢ףĥɵķۣʵĺö࣬ʱ䣬١˵ʵ֮ǰҿӣˮﶼǼ۳ۣû⣬ҲûţСԺר󸾺ͷƹ⣬ȿڱˣٰһ֬ˮ۴ϣأ

жλС
ЦŵͷôŰɣЩһ͸ߵֻɫƣ˿װ𿿽װмǣװ֬ĺһʣǶϵ̴ľˮľɵĺӣʱҲʨӴſڣѼ̧ЩЩأԳԺȿٿѣɶ֬ѡΣǿá


ұٶˡ

ʵ⣬е¡Ŀ⣬ҲΪԼǡ

ģ֮ĪֻҪڳһգԶ벻ѵƿء

αߣһܴľѡ

ҡƫңɽһ߼ݱ˻Һǵʱ谵λҺͶӻкӹ

ʵЩ˺ܾãӣҵð뷨ӣǮתƳвҵһշҲ̫

ûȨǮҲС

ϣԼ˭ס

Һ˵Ц䣬ڵӿںȻָװˣӸ߸һ࣬ǰκЦűȭ񣬲Ķ

֪ˡ

ģ뿴ľ
û˵ûƢƣ·û

ҳʱýң˿ĭʾߣȻͨһ£ؽӸ߾ٹͷ

ЦЦԭת˸ȦܿľС֪вŶ˫۾
ǰߵʱҵظоʯصıתڣǰȻʣһأһСԺſڣͣվżߵְѣңڵ¡

żͨӳͷϴŷ˫ֱ󣬿ƽּѹȸС

ҵͷĮǰߣߵһ߾ʱȻתЦų֣´ңĿҵϣסûգȻĨŭɫ
߰ɣ޻ؼҡ
ǰץסҵĸ첲

˦

޶Ҳиͷɡ
ϵЦʧ۶ң޸һᣬʹСԶˣ޻ؼҡ

Цס⣬ϥһ񣬵Įңʲôɷӡӡ飬ˡˡˣʱ£ʲô

Ƥ£ӻ֣øǰŵİͨͨ¡
£Ѿ˺ܶಽ֮ã㻹
ѱָۣ̫ѨƱŻ޼׿ͬͣ޻ôŻЩ¾棬ѿ

֮ǰͬ˵仰檻ô
ӿᣬ䣬һεεڵϣûвֻЦЦŲɳһ˵ֱͣҰѺӽ

޷˵ˣ֣ơ

Ҫˡ
ֱĨȥᣬô

á
ͷ

ûӣ
ʡ

ûУʺɫϡ
ٴ

һʱ䣬Ǿ˭˵ʵڰͷը

ˣ»ذɡ
޻˵լԺ˭֪ٴαץס첲
·ſ
ȴѲˣͷֱʣˣܻȥ˯ô

ۣ
ѱĵƳҵţ̵ؼҤʱͬԵ˴ܣЬܶˡ
Ц˫ΣһУ죺ҺްѶӱˣ̺ܽúӣ

ʲôû˵ҲûգЦӯӯؿЦ

Цʲô
ƺҿëˣ۾գ˺üΣЩѵ˵ˣ

û˵
Ҵ첲ļ磬üһŴ˸УбۿͺúýӣҪȥ˯ˡ
Ҳֱߣ̨׵ʱվĮʱ治̫һ÷ҸΪǸСңͷ÷奾ңҲʼˣҿԼ˫ڸɾԣĶˡ

޲㣬ǡ
æ͡

檾ûඡ
˳ĻͷݸһЦͽඡ

Ȼ֪ôڡ

ȻǸĨЦ޹ЩӣҪѡˡ

һ
ԽϢˣһԴף

ǹϲˡ
ҽЩήĺȡ£ӵϣһЦǧ硢̾Ϻжô࣬ٵɾ˵ʱ򶨲Ż

һͷ˸ۣһҪŶ

˵⻰ҽҽŵЬ£ߣɵߡ







78.  ཿ   ôţ

78--ཿ

ڽ˴ź, һӻ֣ðŸϡ

űϵ˲䣬ת, ŵ߹ȥ, ſŷ⿴

Ѳδȥʱվ̨, ֱſ, ظ΢, ס, ƺƽŭ
ǰİʹ˸ɫ, ûһͽ˵ٴˡ

ٸ̧ͷ, Ҫ¿ͷ

սЩ

ЩԶ˵ЩʲôֻܿĿ׹, ˼⡣
һʼɪɪش𣬺治֪˵ʲô, üɫ, ָͷ, һٵ, д, ͷóǷ, ¶ߺ֮ɫ, ·˵ʲô

ȻԽɫԽ
ðƾٸЩ, ؿд֣һŭ֮£׼˺˾ᣬ˭֪Ӳѻȥۣ˼£ѾӸ٣֣ٸڽʲô

Ťͷ۳ߵɹص˦ӣ˽ˡ

ֱģ˵ʲô㣬ӦòǸˣΪңҲΪ䳰ЦдĲãͿⱨɡ

ڴʱȻڱҵļŵðϽͷһվŸ޾ɫˣӯ䡣

ôˣ
ؿڣ

Ȼѽ
ӯ´ңĿҵ˫ϣʣôţЬأ

Ǹ
飬Цѣʱˮӣˣ͡͸ӵˡ

ģ
ӯЩš

ѽ
۾Ĵֽ߬סɴ̽ʣ˭ģôģأûб

ӯ⻰ˣԼϴЬ£ǿҴϣȻסҵĸ첲ߡ
ҴδٵլҹɫȸСȫԺڷܣϷſڹӣϴϴѡ

㻹˵ء
ӯͷҼͷʵǰҸմݻʲôعˣѰ˼Ųѽǰô䲻ˣ
ӯ˿ڣŵҹȥסǸСԺѰ㣬û뵽ߵӿڣͱװͰ͵ְסˣõңҹԶЩ

Ȼأ
ҴӺסĦı

ӯԽ£ͿʼϹ룬ǲȥĸ͵͵ɱˣʲôҲˣҪ壬Щûİ˺ܳһȥ

һЦ϶ûаɡ

Ȼˣ
ӯҪˡҪʬʲôҽҴߣҲˣһţɷͱܶǳ͢سҿ˭ҡ

أ
һůͷᣬʲôʱҵңҵġ

ԽԽ£ǲǱʬ߱˶ƣôСûҲûɩӣǣҾͿʼޡ

˵ӯĿˣίƵġ

һδݣ̨ϣǾζɴɵѾͷⶺһһɩŪˣô죿

ҡ
ӯסӹŨܵĽëϣǰҹöˡ
ҾͻȥµĻµȫ¶֪ôҶô۸Ů˵ġ

סʹš죬Ϊӵģİɣ᲻ҲҪǶ뿪ġأôҵġ

ӯƲƲ죬˸ۣ˰ұˣ緢˺ôĻøоҪߣƫ͸ˣ³СҺѹҡѽȻ˵øҾãҳȥסݣûʵ۸Ҹ˵

˵ˣ
ҴŽϴЬЦʡ

š
ӯſϣ޵ָҺȸʰӣúȰһ㣬˵Դ˺ӺƢԽšͣ͸Ƶģһȼһ㶼ǰͨˡ

ظķ٣ЦʣôȰң

Ȱʲô
ӯص˭ҪǰҵŮߣҾͺƴŶӸˣֶ㲻£Ҳ˼

סѾͷ°ҡϣھˣѽ¶ָժˡ

̫۸
ӯС죬ȻǵؿңʣɩӣԺô죿һֱ¶ɣӡ

˵ɡ

ЦЦûͷܲ죬Ȼһϣᡣ

׻᲻ͺã

ʵѡȨϡ



ӯˣңҪסһʱ䡣ôСڶԡѣֱҺ밲ŷȥ˯

һҹ޷ߣŶӣôף϶ŵġ
˯Ҹǰϵ׻Ҳ԰ģҲˣҹ˯ȥ

ûҾˡ

ͼвͬʱˮҲ˲ֱˮϴ˷˼ڶе÷Ĩأһɴ£ϸϸػױͷδʲôΣֻڷ˶乬ɴѳɵĶž黨˻Ҵ׳š

Ȼʼ̸֬⣬Ҿ͵óȴ
ҺͰڽֱ˸⽣ͼæȥˡ

ģֻʳУϲЩͨĿ֬Ͷ쵰ۣ
ڶ㣬ҷõױۺ͵۵Ӹ࣬ɫһ֬֬ȡ
㣬ĸӡ

ȰЩﱸúðȥ˼ƷյںƬʵʵ׼ú󣬲͵ˡ

ɣҲˡ

Ҳû÷˳һǰһ̷˾ȥ
ʵ̷˾;¥һﲻ̵׼衢Ʒʱǰ󣬲ŻӪҵ

ٵӣֻȥ贫˸ʹҡڽȥˡ
ȻǰõԲ̨ϣʮò輧裬һվżūűӣŹϰ

ԺޱȣСԺգͷƺЪϢϹͣŻͼҶСۣϡ䣬·мֻԧι

ͷңغУԶҾͿͤ֡
ߵʱ٣ͬ˵ʲôˡ
һЦ˵ӷԸˣС˺úø⣬˵廨ЬٶˣС˵ͷҲܶˡ

˼ۣ˿ڣǸй廨ЬԼĳá

߽ͤЦӭ˳
Ǵĵ󷽣ī̵ӣ˵ױͷһ֧ΣƼԺĸٻ̫̫

ˣּˡ
ϥҼ񣬲ҺٽȥЦ˵ӱƣ˺үĪҪ

æ裬֣ðЦСĴæû豸񣬽˵Ѹˡ

˵̫ҴƺҺٸ˱б٣Цɪӽݻˣ㲻ȥ

ʲôҵ̸⡣
ٻһȣװģҡңѶóɣ迪ۡ
˵⻰ͬʱһֱбԺƣ˿ĭ˯Űɡ

֪ɫˣҡͷһЦû
һƽȴٵͷЦȥɣ֬Ů̸ģҪڸǰۡ

һ⣬²ǹѾƹ֧ʹһ̸ѹǮ
ЦЦٵȥȥɣֻǸ迴һ»

Ǹֻ֣˵ıȽء

Ȼüһ˸°ͣ£¸˵أͿǮջ֪ѹۣ۸ӣҲļѣֲǷһҲˣѵܸڰٻ¥ô

糺һƬ˿ڣ࣬Ͻļͦʬȥ

ٹЦʹ˸ɫʾȱżۣЦȥȥȿţҺܿ죬ر죬յ蹦򡣡

˵⻰һƵԺˡ

ҡͷЦЦðæʳ֬۰ͬƷʣңһһʯϡ

裬˲˵⼸ͦһģҶǸҼѾͷãҲͺ͡۵Ĳɡ

Ŷ
ȻûʲôȤԵشơ

мıȽϺá
Сָմ˵֬ĨԼֱϣƣϸ迴ģͷ˽ۺͱĸۣĨ۾ÿҳױǺһϵľƣ

ô
Ȼ£֬ͷۣסãȻĿⱻұߵƿƿ޹ˣָĦŴɹϰˣЦңʲôö

һӻ֣ðͤɴ᣷£СͷҴ򿪹ӣָٳ鵭ɫճӣֱĨѹЦЩ塢ĸӡ֪Ůһþı˶ʮӿʼϸƣʮСʼ͹Ҳ

˵ͦأȻ޵ؿҵأʣôģô󣬻ôͦ

ҵȻ˵˺Ӳá

Ȼ긴һ꿿Ĩ񻷸࡯ġ
ҰѸƸ裬˫סԼأЦĨӣİĦַﻹ۷۵ģÿ

˵˳㽫һָƳ׵ǡ࡯࣬ĨȵģǾʱճˣС׳⣬ȸҲֱڣѿúܣרŻؽ˽żģĨַʳע㣬һ¾ܼЧһȦ

ѽ
費Լϵ׸⣬ЦʣҲã

Ȼ
ҷ˸ۣЦ費ţĻЧϡ
¿ȦΧûˣ㽫ɴ½⿪һ룬ת迴ҵıĨЧ

ϡ
迴۾ֱˣҪҵıǾģְϸĵƵģúܡ

ҵʱ£ѴãЦ裬ֻܿŶ

Ц֣ҡȣװңѽǸˣ֬Ҳ˵ֱ㼫ƷǼλͷСδƵϣ͸һȺðɡ廤ĸãھܶ

ģ
ϲûֳЦʣ費ڲҰա

ǸƻǸڲ㣬ҿ 
赹ƣЦ˵ʵϲ˲ţԸͬ⡣

Ҳϲˬ
Ҷƣ˱ɴһ
ʵɣҸо廹ӣʵûãþ˼϶׻󣬵һۻۻͦ
κãƤҲã㣬Ҿǻƣ͵Լƻ

֪Ǻ˾ƣһ⣬Ҹоͷεģ紵ͤɴᣴҺȻƼԶĻСĹŻʮһĲʢģȻСа

˭
ָλ

ǰαԪҵСŮཿ
赭Ƴۣûᣬͷӡ

ôˣ
ûӿϹۣô

С¡
Цⲻǰ̥ѾͷҪҩ

һ⣬ŵʣô

ȻûС
սңüһѹеģʮӶʮԼأҸᣬԼᣬûա

΢ЦŵͷСȣҹ죬˵ԼҹĳҹһǧǸߵġ
ҳƬ̣Цʣ裬Թױ֮ģǡα÷ˣ

죬ͷĴָЦջؽµǱԱ޴ˣڶཿ̧󣬻ˣƺ˴һ١Ѱ˼ţ޴˶ʮˣ̵ģôϻá˽ûˣཿô£ţཿ˵ֲָӣţȻˣɷ˵ҰǿҪˣûӣὡ׳ǰǰһѰ˼÷ˡ

˵ҡͷ̾˿ԼҸŮˣڡ

ֻоθ﷭ĵҪ
֮⣬֮Уȷ÷¡
ģһðֵͷԹߡ

ʹҡҡͷԼЩ
ʲôҪǰԹߣװ׵شѺ÷奵Ķ⣿

̾˿ı£˸ͷ裺ˣϡ
ЦΣû°ɡ

û£
ȣЦû֦ҲߺƷ跢ԽҪõ׷ȥɱǣɳţȻ׻Ƶģܻź˸ĥīֽһӣд˷飬д꣬ˡ
εҡͷЦȫ£ԼдǷ֣һ˵ƽѣæ˰װȻԼϵˣһôġ

һЦô˵

Цĵҵ֣ҸˤģȻˡ

⻰һ䣬ЦһţͷŵİҲֵôЦ

ȻɫһŲԶཿæҴҴϥ˸ЦѾͷһվںߣҪѰ̼ҵùȥơ

ȥ

æȥ⸾˳ͤһ˰ͬһʰ֬ۺ͸ӡ

룬ҪҪȥȰȰԼҹ

ڴʱ߽ͤǳˣʮ꣬ڷһɢλεسţһľζīŽţһ䡣

ôˣɢòʵڳڣַŵĸо

㡭
ɻؿңüͷʣǲĶ㣿

ûаɡ
ҵͷЦŷϡ

Ŷ
ץͷӦЩٶۣȻͳƱĮ֪ذɣһΣʮ

ʲô
ס
Ʒӣҵɽ̷˾Ĺ˰ɡ
ûգһЦǸˣ檲⡣

ûǰһȭ£ֿģҶûʲôȤȤֻ





79.     Ĺ

79--

ֻ, 

ߵİ⻰ŭָָ, ôĵ, ﲻɲ˵ʲôء

վ˫ֱ, ɨ۰˵˾䣺λСֵܵòĶׯ, Ҳ, ҲŲζ, ֻϧĳ겻, ȻҲǿԿӡ

˵ʲô

ڵһº͸ˣһ, ƿ飬һ֣ǸǷķ, Ҳұš

ҴʯϵƱ, ЦЦ, ϥһ, ʲôû˵, ҲûҪ, ֱˡ

ҷ, ·Ҳ, ָؿڵĺڷ˦ߵʯǰ, طЩƿƿ޹ޣ֬յţСָĨ˵㣬ԼͿ

ٶ·ҵܾ˵¡

Ϳ

ʹ˻ȥվʯ£ͤ䣬ٴθϥЦʣΪ˭

ǽ̷˾Ĺô
ɨң֬ƲϣŽţͷҲصߡ

ȥĶ
æʡ

һ仰˵ҲûԼʯϵƱ߰ͷ󲽵سǰߡ

ץƱȥЦʣҪƱô

ûңŲԽ·Ҫ˦Ƶġ

һͷʹ˸ɫʾҲȥ

ûһߵǰԺ¥̨ʱȻͣ£תؿңԴЩƣʣ

һֱң

Ǹ
ɤӣָƱǰƣƱˣظ

Ҫˡ
˦ӣһų̈ףܿ˶¥ʧ

ȹӣȥ

ҹܿҵǸ䣬֮УֳϯϺ˵ʮֻƿƤ͹ͷƯڲоϣֽ˺÷飬ţӵĵǡ

˵ʵ治֪ô̤ġ

˺ȫˡ

ϲ࣬ÿնҪԡһһǰϴ֣
ݡޱ߷

㣬ı󶯣
ԶΪϲŭ޳˼άڻУڰѼ䣬ʵ׽

˱ǶûסŻˡ

߽ȥͿ˼ھƣԹԵеͷûһˮʹС⡣

æת˳⣬ա

ʱεͣˣ߳Ҳûϴ֣ý߿ϯϵľƿѰ˸΢ɾĵط£ͷڸ첲ϣݶ֪ʲô

°ţЦŻ

˭֪û

ǲǡ

ҴСɰ﷭ӣѧҹ׼ļҹȥ˭֪˺Ȼ֣׼ȷץסӣתͷһЦ¶Žݡ

ϯ·ƱžһСϣ

ˣӸˣټʮ

ݸ˽ȥûп½ðȥѰɨ

ӣʼʰް䣬ûõķֽȫţӵϣ

ֵطס

䵭ɨңָƿƣҧӣһڽһڵغȣаɣסͦġ

ʵûȥͷ֧ʹͰˡ

סǽ壬ɨСϵʮƱЦ治һյ蹦һƱɹʮũ˳Ժüˡ֮ǰǼЩ̾޼֣۳£һ

ۣҡͷԵƷſƣһȥǳЦǧɢȥһһ⣬ֻΪϷ˼䡣



΢ЦŷУͼ׽檾ǸˣϲӣԲò䣬ӻ޶ȣһհ˼ң񲻵ͷУ̷˾ֵط׵ߣӿܽСͷĴͷھƲˡЩϣ֪㲻ƽǮ̧ʮٱȷһֻ򣬻ᱻԺü顣

Ծͳ԰ɡ
ЦЦ˵ˣһûˡûšûӣҵ˭ĪûŵʱʹʹػӻˣȻҾˡ


ס֪Ӧԡ

ȻҷѶ˫ɫЬЬĵﲿ׺飬ɲ˵ֻ

ұתװ£ʰЬմﴧ˭֪ڴʱҹƱôҵϡ

¡
Цû뵽ǸɣҲϡǰˡ

ǡ
Ҷ㷢գ߬סЬתֱǰ񶾵ˣЦʣЬģ

ҵģѵģ
¶֮ɫȻ͵ƺصذϣɫľƵʱЩǰ㣬һĺɣҲš

㡭졣

üͷʹ࣬ƺƴʲôĴԼĶͷ˫Ȳס·ڱʲôطȻҵŮˣ


ٴס˵ϹЦȶ˾ƣ˰ɣڴ֮ǰǴδء

װ
ֳСվˣӻ£ŭȫˣ˵¥ˣҪңȥʲô÷˶ģװңȻⳤ฾ûû˵˵һѣһǸª˾ʹңѽȻ

˫ۻסЦЦȷֻһѣǸһƣ

Σס

ſںˣͷתƺ⣬Ȼ̧ͷҷ𣺡ôˣɣһ۶ٿֻͭˡ

ЦЦǰϥһ񣬹ýӵϷǻԭʧȣ̷˾Ǹġ

òš
һӣָŵķϹƵĸңϧ𣺡

ҴסŭǵʵۣҲ˵֣ʲôݺһ٣תһ룬ǸˣҺͷӼƽʲôء

뵽ˣͬؿһۣšߡ

ȵȡ
Ȼ

ͣ½ŲŤתͷָ̣

Ȼˣͬļɡ
䲻̫ȻظɿӽϯϵĿվƿȫߣֹ˼Լĳƽ˵ϯϣģʾҹ

ǱŪһͷˮȥ
죿Ǻô

ΪȫҲδȥðҰӣ档

ƽȵ£Цʣʲô

¶ң߹վҸǰ̧֣Ҫժҵɴ

ͷƲ˼֣ȥЦªգˡ

Ŷ
ͷ֣ûǿ󣬵һֱڿҡ

һ⣬ƷӣĲ뿴ҵӰɡ


ҳ˸ָЦᡭڹ۲檰ɡ

û˵ҵ۾ơ
ЦЦ󷽷ӭȥ
˵Ƥرϸ壬ͦüޣյķˣ°Щ磬ֺÿģ˫΢Щ죬ëֳǺܺÿĲɫ۵ײûʮ˵Ĳɣʣܸɾһ

Ҵ㿪Ŀ⡣

۾ġ
ȻڣĮ

ʳŮ˭û
ƲƲ죬ȡ

ɻе㰧ˣһ˫кܶµ۾
˵˾䡣

ô
ͷᡣ
ҵ˫ۣȷ𣬸߼ҡѩʮͬѵİ޾ĸӷֱ𡭡

ӺǺ
Ŀƣҵظϡ

װ׹ķô䵲סؿڡ

ѵô
ʣûаڰձȻ£ͼҽͣҶţҵÿ͸Ů˵Ƥ࣬ͣҿô

ܡ
Цžܾ

Ŷ
ȻЩʧ£ٴʣǿԿһô

ԡ
˫֣

˳Զûϼϸ壬Щڡ
䴽Ǿ仰һ˫йµ֡

ͷǳЦд檵ֵȻµĴֲں͹¡
ҵɨ䣬ʣһֱһôѵûոͽܣ̳²

ʵӸĥŽѣܲҼΪͽһֱ⺢ӣһᲹ

û
䵥ϥ¹ͷ£ͼ͸䣬ҵĸ첲

֣ƽϣֱӣЦʣ˵ŻؽŮ˵ģ

ܻʱҲϲŮˡ
һش

ҰȻǸɫ
ȻҲδ˵ͬ׽ЦеһˣٹСлӷ磬кء

ô
Ĩ񣬰̹лӷ꣬ҲʦͽɣǸӣֻϧŮ˵ĶҪ͸ѾͷˣҺˣٵҵţҲҡ

Ůˡ
Ұһۡ

ҲŮˡ
һЦֻû˨ס˵Ůˡ

ʿ֮磬
ЦŹάȴ
ֲôһӹֱв

л
ݸĿƣͬʱ󳷣Աܸҵȡ

ô˸УЦȹӣܿһףȥܶ๺Щ֬ӵԭϡ

ĵڣȻ˶Ľţʲô˵һѽŵЬѵ

˰
Щˣ˭ҵЬˣ

ƦЦҹһΣûԣҾ͵ͬˡ

Ҿ޷
ȻһɱѵͷҲδسϣţüһЦУ㿴ɣǸѸʲôǷǡ

ȶ۲ҵţ緽˵ֻ
ڴʱ̧ͷĿƵضңеʣҡҺȻԻˣô




80.     Ӵ˾糯

80--֦

Ҫҽ
ֱЦ, ôͬ⡣

˻ҵˣ軭

ʲôû˵ֱӴЬ, ϰ춼û, ĵ׾а˵һѡ
ʹ̼޹أԼ
һֱ, ҶǿƵķˣ̫Ĺ, Ҫ˸ǰ, Ҫ÷奡Ѹ߿һ, Ҫ

ֵ, ҲЦˣڹ뷿.

Ĵ, Ҳ˸ҲѾˣǲζ, ҿԷһѡ

뵽ˣ, , , ҡС, Цɡ

ϲЦտ, ײײܻǱ, æҵ˱ʻɰɵȺüֻ滭, ͷŪ˻ЩҴ˹
ȶֵ, ڷȫ£òսҵĽţϸع۲졣

׼ʲô
Цʡ

ûңָ֦ʣҧסͷڤ˼룬Ȼǰһʼ⺬󿪣Ȼպ޺ɰҽűʼաͼ档

ұٶŪˣŲ£˭֪һץסҶ
ҵĽܸоʼ⣬ȥ伫רעüͷ壬ﺬŶĴȰ֮⡣

ڻϸұһֱ쵽ҵĽס

ʲô
ʡ

ַĻ
УɫĽɳɫĽ޻ڻȪ

ÿ
ЦЦ
ʵҲϲ͸֮
ʶСò㣬ʴӱ黭һ֣Ǹ
Ƥָܲ㺢һضؽ𡣡

𳳣
ҵĽţֹ˵

ҵĽŷϥͷְֻɴȹ¡
һһ仨컭õʱȻ˱ʣסҵţ˷ܵɣظҲʼһһ

ôˣ
ҸǰƣҴָʡ

ˡ
ȫңظ֣ȻЦҵĽţһվšܵǱߣҳżֽƽ̿ſհ׵ֽڤ˼룬ԽԽ죬˴һְ״̬


ͬʱСţԱϸɵĿЩ


عҺſŵİôûߣ

ʲô
ҲЦˣ˵Ҫϡ

ߡ
һĲͷָˡ
ûæôϽߣҿҪˡ

ˡ
ᣬôӾͲˣֱȷ黹졣
þȫЦºͣӽŰ߹ȥʣ֪ûҾġˣҪô÷ᵽǸӸ

ʲôʲôƣ
ץֱߵϴʸףɷ˵
ҷӦ죬һ󲽣˭֪ȹӻǽīˮ
һûü𣬺Ȼ˳ˣƴҺͰϡ

⡢δ̫˰ɡ
ĳжĥɱ¿ôһ㿴ˣ㣬ֱûò

ء
ԽᷳϴҵʻûأΪҲ֪Щ˴ʲô⣬ȥ¥ͣͽǣ±ӰɣϽߣΪŮˣҾͲҶ㶯ˣǴҵ˼·ҿ϶ɱ㣡

߾ߡ
ұ˼ˣҲˣ˰ֱ̫ӰƵڵأһȦѹ˺üӺ;ƺ

ʲôΪҶϡƵġ
Ұַ˷첲ĳȫȥǰȥʰҵЬߡ
˭֪ڴʱݺݵصңץһʣļȣҿ
Ҳ㿪ֻһŤͷȥǼȾҵϡ

ٹŹѰңǺܿŮܳĺߣͱӭͷʹŭγȣָ䣺СӣȻֶӶ֣Ƥˣ

ЦԭͶ

˵䣬ȥֱк
Ҳݣֱͷ˺ܿŤһһһϣӣȭͷòֺ

¥µĹūͻ춯׷ǲƫܣֱүү̵ȰҲǣλǲүһﲻ

үߡ
Ҹʹ˸ɫùūһŽ
ԾצзҪһĵز

ãܴˡ

ҵţ
䣬źݻ


ŭʱͷңñףѪǱ

ҳ˿ڣͰһһ٣뿪˰䣬Ҵߡ
治ˣһдģƢôֱ꣬ӲԣβŰɣҳҸ㡣
̷߳˾ʱҺȻẓ́ͷһãЬֶˡ

ʲô
Ծ֣ӲѪѾϡõȣŲӣ̷˾ƿڴŮ˶ֶţôбǽŴӲзˡ


קס٣Ȱ


ٻŸ첲˦ңȻĿҵţʧɫңЬֶˣ

Ŷ
ֱ·̵̧ţٿĻƣҲֵֻǧĽˣ˵ǷӻĻͦÿѰʦġϣ꿪ҵڼ䣬ÿλһҲİˡ

㡢㡭
ԼĲӣЦıȿ޻ѿӣͷϷ񣿡

ѽ
æͷ

ˡ
ٱȭɥܲܶԹ˵ԼЬ

һϵơ
ұЦⶺ٣˭ôɫҪȥѰ֣º˰ɣûסңҿʲôء

㡢㡱
̡

û
һЦӵݹȥٲϵѪοⶼԼѡλֵҲңǨŭϵġ

ģ
üһϲЦտϴ˿ڣ۵졣

ģ
Цҡͷӭȥٲţǵȥ

ʵ㷽뷨
Ƹ°ͣЦȷѰʦո߳ϻ仨˵塢Ķͷġˣв֬ˮҿԺװĺӡơƿƿ޹ޣͷ仨ҲһЩ֪רŻģ϶׷ãлܰǶ̧˺üס

Ȼǳ׸Ӿǻ硣
ҳȭЦС

бңĴָҲ˻һ

һЦõسߡ

˭֪ڴʱƼǰżˡ

ϸȥڽ̷˾ĺ̨ϣվŸԼʮ.ü续ʤѩཿ

ཿվɷֳֹĻǰ̨£ŸŻṫӡ

ǹòӢüĿ飬ؿཿϴκͱʹֽ߬סȣ·ڼߺޡ

ཿӯӯڿУץǹӵĸ첲ֲң󣬴ӻͳΣǹӣϥһǹһֱޣƺʲô
֪ʱȻ˻֣ཿ˻ȥ

ǸṫӴŭ޿κΣֻཿߣڿյĽ̷˾վ˻ͷɥˡ



Ǹ˭
ѹ١

̾˺ҵ幫褣ԭС㶨ף⣬ȥ׾͸óˡ

أĽ㡣
ҲǶףδТƳٳɻ飬û뵽Ұܣʷ

ѵð幫ӻԹ
ұͷᣬƵܣе٣Ҳѫ֮ңӦܰԹɣŵöӣ


ָͷ³ۣչʵ治⣬ؼǣƣ˭ﳼ֮Ů˭ҵ̲÷˺·ˣ
ЦһʼԹҪһԼʵаһѣһҹһҹӣµף͡

ͱסˡ
ص̾˿

ǰ
εůˡһ˵ཿЩΣø幫ӣ幫ӰȥΪΪ檣Ը⵱Ѿͷҡϲܻˡ幫ӿŴӦˡʵǣ幫Ҳ޿κΣҲȢһ̻Ůӣ˼ǰ̣ⲻǰЩӣ幫Ӷס

Թ֪ô
æʡ

Цҡҡͷ

ġ
治֪˵ʲô

Ҵ˾˶ܺ幫ӵʱ̽Թ㲻˵飬Ҳ㲻顣



ӽ̷˾뿪Һٻ˾¥
˸ո߳Ļʦҽϵ仨ġ

ʵ룬ɲ飬֮Һô

һ磬ҶоӪ£ԭϵۣٴͻ廤ӣʵԭϺ͹ӣҲԷĵȣȻۿ϶Ҳиߵ͡

̫̫ӣһʱ仹ֲʲôҾãҼҪ£ҾӪ̯¡
ȸϸģƤʺͷ¶̸⣬߻꿪ҵڼæһͷ󣬺޲ðԼ翪һͷһ

Ȼæĺܳʵ
ҸомֵӣȥΧ÷תڼҵңҪڵöࡣ

Գһֻ͹´ͨ˷ҲŻؼҡ

ȥѾ۵ðֻ˯ڴϡ

ԼĪСʱȸ˹ˮ˸裬ȥͷӡءȣҶ

ˣд۵ġ
ҷǳִۡ

ʰúһ£ԺĹ£һߺѸһ÷ɻ֭Ⱦָףȳ͸

ҹ˻ˬ

ҿָϵĺ죬ҷ׷׵ģʱᣬԹʱΣʱԹޣʱʱһЦ

ڴʱŴˣ·ˡ

һ
ԴٺΪ˱ӣδ˽¿ңҹйء
ԭֲ˴ӣȸ˼ɴ£Ϻ󣬷Ըȸ·˽ˡ

֨ѽһ򿪣ͷ߽ŷĸߴˣǴӣһŸʳУһŰѰߵ崺ϵƽᡣ

ѽ
Ҳδ°ŬŬСΣʾŤͷȸһ÷
ſʮָɴָףЦæʲôأ㡣

Ϲæء
ӽ崺ߣʳȡţȵģطɻʳһһںãЦ
Ⱥأ˿Ե㡣

ɨۣ֣ϲЩлĺ

ȻĨʧ֮ɫЦС´θԵġ

Ȼء
æӣ

Ǳİɡ

ǡ
ҡͷЦЦͷβһֱûҿҡ
ӻȡţ˫ţݸҡ

ָ׻û͸Űɡ
ʾϡ

²µûԸ
вţѸٿһۣͷֵ˼֣Ц˵ˣС

ҷ˸ۣЦаɣɡ

չţɤӣˣãĺá
ЩȻбۿңǲǺܱŵζ

ҴԼţƲƲ죺ҵĽġ

Ӻ˿ĭνĺˣ޻˭أҲǻزɣĶҪҲӳĻš
ӱЦεؿһҳǺô˳Ȱ㣬Ұɣʮһ꣬϶ǰͷ붴ͽĹ

Ŷ
öָ꣬ףΪ

ˡպе֡ôܡܸԵ˿أ
㣬ĿİͰ͵سҡ

ǰ׿ѽһء
ЦЦ

㡭
ǺˣңĬĬ̾˿չţ

оʺ϶࿴ӣԺÿ̽ĳÿʮһ̽˺ú÷ʡһ¡
޸һ£Ҫˣ˽վͽò绨Ů޽ҹһޣ˫ɣоʫô˵ţո𣬴Ӵ˾糯

ţӵǵؿң̾˿ʵ¡

ͦõѽ
СﱵָףһЦʵԺϲϲüˡһλͦķģǾǰȵ;ήˣ˼ҹĥӰ






81.  һ   ׬Ǯ

81--

⻰, ͷЦ綼ϰҶѵķѶҵġ
ָϵķɻ֭˺, ҴӴ, üÿҶд˴ġȻӸ, ᡣ

ϵɢ, ݴҹеĻ

һʱ, Һʹ˭˵, պȻˡ

ҡ
ҡ

ͬʱ, һۣһЦ, ͬʱ˵

˵
˵

Ҷֱߵı÷˿ڣ˲͸Ƣ˵ɡ

÷, ̫ˣ˸Һô
ӵǵؿҡ

û, 
ֺһ, Ȼ, Ǹ׼ġҡͷһЦ, ¶, Ҳ̫ʹˡ
ȸȥӵһȥ, Цʣͬ˵ʲô

Ǹ
Щ˼, ֱָϵѪ裬˺һʣĶкøô

Ϊôʣ
ҿЦá

Ĵ, Ľš
ӿЦ˵䣬ҲȷʵǸˣò໹ζڣԡԡ

ѽ
ЦŴϴӵĻ֪Ľ㣬Һֻʶ̶̼գһġ
ֺ˼÷ЦһʼҺپֹЩƣǾӪһֶΣأҺȻģ֮ǰͬסǼ£ġλʦ֣˽ģʦָָҡʵڿǷ̫ˡ

˵ұͷһᣬ᲻ԾԼֵָͷմûסңҰԼָӣ᲻ûôѹ

ĪҪޡ
ԼĻҪӣȻһʲôûóʮָ֣԰οң
·ͻȻ˭ûϵүȻҪһֱвͨС˻ҴʦҵƢº͵˽ү

лˡ
ָͷȥᣬ˶Ц֪Ƣģһȡһ䡣ˣã֪ĵϸ

üϸ˼Ƭ̣ЦҲʲôҪС˻ûرעֻ֪ǰȵ֪ģƢŹ֣Ƹȵۻ֮ȵ۲̫⣬˵Щѿ֪˹˾䣬ȵۣ˵ģӲУ۳ıÿȵ۴ŭ

ʲô
һЦ˭֪÷Ǻסˣſһȡ
ģˬ졣

⻰ҲȻˣټƽסζҵͶֶš

һܵ
ҽĺڷڶ󣬴СȣЦæǱˣҲʲôҪ¡
Ҳͷ̾˿ʣЩô

Ӻ÷ЦŲµطʼʱһֱޣͺô岻סҲֻб±ͣ

Ŷ
ססʹỹǲԾµ֪ϵˣ֪ĸʲôζʲôоǸĵط£϶ˡ

ӵǵؿң̾˿ʺ󻹸˵˳صأСӲ̫ʺһֱǶҪѺӱȥ

Цô˵

˵ʺǰдӺҪ£Ѿƣˣ֣ТʺϸСҲֻʱ
Ӷؿң˵̫֪ʶΪºͺȵʱܳţģһ޶ŮЩӣ̫ȼЩ󣬱̫ӡ

Ŷ
Ҵָĥűڡ
ϳ²²һû˸ӡ
һжԤϵߣûʲôƫɣ˸˲
˾ôӡ
ںӽǰҾü帴˺͵λҪ֧ȥʧȥҲʼ룬ʲôҪģöӳΪĹ¼ҹôܳʧȥӣԺأܳô

ˡ
ӴսңûסǴӻͳӣݸңС֪ίʹЩɡ

Цˡ

ûнǸӣӲᣬ÷һͷϹŵԲ¡һţѱŶӣҲڿ£ôҺͶ㲻أ



棬˻˼䣬뿪ˡ

ҲҴʰ˷ЪϢˣ˭֪ҹˣ֪Ǳ÷ûйϵ׹۵ȥ˯ţڶ˷飬ӡ

ԭһ׼ǿȥ¥ȸһһҶסſڣҳȥҶˣСƵĺȱ˰ɡ
ȻϹңСѾͷ³ˮְ˵ֹ۵ҩҺȥ

ڼʱҲûţʱʱ˰ͬСľӪ
ҴáСҪֶӺ֬ˮۡ
֬ˮȸãʵڲҵľҲϣǣҪڻϡ

ڸӣָĽ飬ԵĹͲͬҲͬ

ҸԭϺӣΪĵ

һأȡˡ̷ֻ˾ͷƹŵĹǣֻҪãǲȱԶҲߣ
ڶأȡ˵һЩԼĹ̫̫ǣ
ȡ筴ٹ㷺һЩһЩ֡
ĵأȡһ÷ľƽˡѾͷ

أصĸӣҪΡȡΪ񻷸ࡱΪͿһˣ
ȻȵĸӣȡΪࡱΪͿĨԷһӯˣ裻
ϵĸӣȡΪСࡱΪͿĨ󣬿Сǣҡҷ㣻
ڻĸӣȡΪࡱ˼ԣ㣬ϣ˹Ĩˣĳ㡣

ÿһĺӣʵҲͬҶվտľģʣһǶŲ뻭ʦġһһ׵ı˰ǳɫ

Һ˽£ƲԭϡиƿǮȵȣÿһÿһÿһӶʮʮġ

Ҹое϶ⲻ̸˽̷˾⣬һҪʮˣÿʮʮ׵ÿʮ

պҽ׼ȫ˼һȥ̷˾ͻ

գûٺԵй׵ĽӴҲûɧź䳰ȷ

˵ǰһ˻ˡҡСæ˺ܾã˲Ѫڼһʼ׼ԸͣΪͬסţ˼ôӸ

ʹʵѾˣȣͰһԣûȡ
˵֪󣬰ѼСˣҹع裬Ա˻£ûɡƢ˵Լ岻ʣֽ˸ˡ

֪ľٶֵ֣һ͸¶ͺãһؼҡ

ŭʱߣ
ҵľʱվһ£

ûᣬ껹Ϳҵˣģǳæ



ʮȣƿʼ£ƺųꡣ

Ҵ˵ɫȹ٣ɴɴŽӣͬǰ̷˾

֮ǰ˼Σᳵ·ԺߣͷƺƵʮĻƣģ޷ݣֱȳη軹Ҫˬ졣

ԶҾͿµͤߣƼҺ󣬻ȣЦӭ

ã⼸ȥĶˣô㡣

ǰ߼ͿظҵĲүϥǵסĸ첲ߣЦˣ۵ûš

˵⻰Ҵӵ߽ͤ¡

СýϣĻⲻȫˡ
Сָͤ⣬ͬʱʹ˸ɫ

ٻ⣬Ĵ𣬷ʯϣ´ָĨ±µĺ룬Ӵ򿪣Цӵɵһ⣬ⲻҸϺ񡣡

ȵ˵еļƷյ¹׵ЦҵϽ˲İװ֣ö͵͵ĴТТ㡣

ȥġ
ȣװҪЦ̫ˣǷ򡣡

Ƹⷢ˻˻Ľ˿ڣЦʣǷأ⼸ôĶˣ

˵ء
бңЦýӺȻͨˣ˵ܻˣԼڰһ硣ʱ򣬽̷˾ʼӪʦӳֿʼ裬Ҫѹ͹ȫߡ

أ
ҡȣЦʡ

跭˸ۣӳǽ̷˾͵ùͣҵ˳
ָŻһЦҺ˵˵Űү뵽˻ϣһ˰ںÿռ˻СͷҲ

ϡ
üһСȴĸ첲ЦɲһʲСĿ֧ѽӶˡ

ƶ
ǵšҵĸ첲Цüɫ裺϶ˣ컭ϵĻġɡСı־ѾкЩȥǶˣӿɹģ

ҸɴڴЦ㲻۸ʦѽ

۸ʲôѽ
ƲƲ죬üЦӼӶ꣬˵ˣӰ˼·д۸

һЦٱ˼յСơ

֣õ˽˺͵׺жʯϣָܸӵ÷ʵʵڵظЩȶʹùûгֲӦŸ͵̷˾
ÿʲͬΪиӣƤֺ׵⣬лḺ𵽵׵ġ

Ǹˬˣùµû󣬵ͽʣƱҽ壬֮ǰǰǰܹ׬˾Ű

Ƚ⽻С˼ˣټĴڽ̷˾ĺþóһ÷Ծơ

ɴ˿ԣЦʹľ¥ţ䣬Ʒһ£

ҵȥ
˱ƣҡͷ̾ཿţҵ


סȻǰЩڽ̷˾ţཿδ˵
һ߳ԲˣһЦ裺幫Ӱȥˣ

⻰ӵ棬üӦòǰɣ˵׼幫ӵĻ£ʱ̫ˣܲ̽ǰŪһɣϺү֪ǵð

ء
Ӳ´Цཿǰ֪幫ӻˣѹɵ£һֱǰ˭֪Ѿͷûû֣ÿռվɵӣȥͷȸĽҪ˻ϣݺǿ˾ء

һۣ̾˿裺˵С㣬˭ôֱʣôӣ

ȻҪཿױ̲֮Ա޴ඡ
գգָۣ÷

ˣ÷奡

˵֮ʣȻǰ󼱴ҴҵĽŲ

̧ͷȥӻСòĹʤѩ㲣ԼСཿ
ͨ죬ƺ޹Ĺ£ܽͤͨһ£ͷ

Ҳ뿪̷˾ˡ
ཿץסȹӣ޵˻ˡ

㿴⺢ӣ಻¡
軷Һ٣֣ڼأԣʲô˵ȥһ£ʱ޴˻ҹ

Ĳܸҡ
ཿһߣӣ衢Һٿ
ޣĥȾŮ

쳤ȥƣһ⣬С첲Ǳҧˣܿ׹ĺۼ

ү
ཿ˼صظٿͷתҸǰҿͷ޵ֱ󣺡˰ɣ⼸ͷǶǮƵĹˣˣһ¼檰ɡ

С㣬˵ץסһпԻĻᣬίūƤذס÷奡
סᣬװģƿཿεϣҲֻǸģʵڡʵΪ

ཿĨʧ֮ɫɻǲתȥ٣үɵйѼ߰ɣ檺뱲ӻ˲ˮλ

ٿһۣҲûӦתӣƻԡ

ཿˣ
ЩˣӣûĬرȣѾͷô˲£ɼĸû̺á֣޴֪϶գһȥúĸףαأǵùԣܻˡ

ཿ⻰̱ڵϣһʼֻСޣ溿ޡ
ͷŵĹ¡ūϴشˡ

ܿ죬ָֻͤ˰

ҺεЦöλЦˡ

û¡
ٻһȣЦǽų԰ɡ

Цƺ赹ƣȼ



ٷ˳Եĺܸˣ˸´һ֣˼Ȧɢȥ

ҡСȣٲ̷˾ߡ

ɫԽԽ࣬
Ӷཿҵ۵ļǿ

ͣ½ŲһѺסСȣ
Ҿˣ

ָ׿죬бңЦʣʲô

ҪС
ڽ̷˾ĺⲽȣļ졣
ûС֣϶ѡ÷奻дӣûĥ

Ҫһѡ

ôŰɡ
ҹ֣ٴսЩԹҪӣˣ϶÷Űǻؾ¥÷ԳԻ룬϶ġ
˵Ҹٷ˸ۣЦǳϵˣһ£ߵӣǶۣذС

ˡ
˼ؿңЦͷ¶棬Ÿɡ

û¶
˿ظҶš

ϡ
ٴ˸ָЦʵ綼ģӣðŵԴΣ˵ʵԽԽϲˡ

ҰˣЦЦȻͷս٣ٸҸͶ÷Сӹ߻۸Ůˣҽ





82.  ϷŪ   Ҳ湻

82--ϷŪ

һص¥, Ҿ͸÷ӣðȥͣȻ˻, ʱ̻

ҹʱ, ˺ô꣬Ҳ졣

Ҫ, ϴ˷ϴ鲽ҡ, ɫĵĨ, ɫĵĿɴ, ɨü, 촽˸һױ

ʰ޵òʱ, ţ˵÷ˣѾ˶¥, ˰䡣

⻰ʩʩȻ, ɴȹ, ⱻϵˮŪ, 첽¥ȥ, ʱ, Ӧõ̷˾˰, ϣһ˳, ܰԹ

¥ܰعҡҷŻ֮⡣

ԶҾͿ÷奵ĸ̴--˳վڰſ, ƼңЦ˳ظ񣬲ƿ˵綼ŷˣ롣

ҵͷ΢ЦðúƸ˳ӳ
Ʈ˿ЦŽ˰䣬綼˹ӣһӦزƷҲá

÷أ
ԭŶȣڴ⿴֪ڷʲôˣվ΢Цųҵͷ

⣬б۴ȥ˵ɫӳңˣôãҲЩţ޳ԵԽﻹܿǸɽˡ

Ⱦ˰ɡ
Ц߽ȥ˳㽫ɴժˡ

Ȼ÷ֻѸٵؿңͷЦºͣ˫֣Ҳûкܾá

ɡ
к£ɺҸ˱÷ĵʱҰѲָ׷İͶ

ҹȣˡ
Ұ÷ݹȥӣ˼Ƭ裬ȥ̿ȣĺ͡·˹˷ҽ̺õЦζ

ãá
÷Ծִ٣æ⣬֪Ե̫ǺˣͿȣ·ǰʧǣסڿȣӲ˺˹˰÷ȫ꣬ЦЦˣʳʵ棬ĺܡ

˵⻰б۳ͷĬãΪ£һҲԸˡ

ȥˡ
ЦЦûнӻ磬ֵ֥齴ϵ÷奷ڸǰôպųԡ
ЩëǺͻƺЦϿҵЩһֱԳԣգԭȿҵ¥ƣæ¸ʲô鷳ǰ

ԭˡ
÷ĬĬŲˣüͷšŵСжЩЦΪ㻹Ըҡ

ҸϻƣԺڽ⣬϶ִͬЩλүòֻ֣˰æˡ
ҳգգۣЦʣҰɡ

϶
÷奶Ʊ˱һ
Ǽҵ̬ȱȽϺãҲſ࣬زƷн̣´ۣЦˣ˺ܶࡣ

ô
ָ

ôϡ
ЦЦû˵ҵĶˣسŲˣ䲻ңү


ҷ˸ۣơ

Ŷᡢᡣ
÷ͷԣҿ֪ʲôԥ˺ܾãŸֻ裬ݸǳЦ

Ŷģ˰ڡ

ζ
üʡ

ܺóԡ
÷女ĴָĨ˰ѶϵȺЦͷЩӾۣͬ˵ȸֳ˸ˣҪ⣬ÿռҶӺ̾ȥԳԣζŷƮ˰֡Ҷܺ棬ôóԷ㡢ܻ⡣

ٽ̵ĺá
ǫһЦü죬һѾЧҵӦûᱬɡ
͵ʱҷ÷˼شң˼οڣ·лҪ˵

Ҫ˵ʲô
Цʡ

Ǹ
÷ЦüΣӽ֥齴һ˵㡢ǣ壿

䴫Űˡ
Һ˿÷üһЦô˾Щ׽Ӱ£


÷æϣ¿ȦЩⲻүʲô

û¶
ҺȻŪһСӣŲˣĵҺѾˣ֪£ЦҿϸϵģҸЩģ˴ˣٸ㣬ҪҪң


÷奡šý£֪סˣֱץƺ͹ͨһӣͼ˳ǺˣЦңǱˣЦҿ
˵̾˿ϰԵҪץҵ֣ȻӦʣ첲ڰգεջȥЦѽ̫ѳˣ˶ϣŮȫȫԼʵүǺϲͷ¶棬̫̫ںˣ㣬ҪЩүѿ

ϡ
Ҵս÷奣Цǹġ

÷奺һϣæܿҵĿ⡣
ڴʱҿ˿ĭҲ߬ȭϷѿڶңͲҪŪ
̾˿ʣƣ̬ǲ̫ˣ£

װ˼ͷ͵͵ͷȦһ죬߿ࣺѣһ֮°ǧƱˡ⣬֪ӵĵط࣬ؼƷյҩȥ˿һϾ¥ߵĿ֧һ׼ŪˮƵ⻨ֲ˼ٺ裬Ѿ׽ˡ

˵أô÷
÷ҡͷһЦﾹŹɳ硣
תߵСУ˹ЦϴθƱ㲻ҪŰɣͷǧǲˣֻʹҸҪ

һЦƱ£޹ʣ֪°ɡ

ҵ£ܲŵġ
÷ݸ

ڴʱӷ춯
װûõظƣ͵ȥȻЩˣȻֱͦˣ˿·ڱ

ôˣ
æʡ

ûû¡
÷ЦЦӼƬ񣬳˿ڣҳθ̫ã㡢ͦģ̫ˣ

֪Ҫȥé޷㣬ҾͲᣬֱӴЦû¶ҼһʵģǸ
һֱˣвˣǸУЦ˵ҲЦ¥쿪ҵˣûأȻ˿ңǺףһ¡

÷ȭͷ߬סȴһɵƵᣬϸ˼Ƭ̣Ц㻯ˣһӽУ¥ҲϡšϣͬүԺͺģ͡Ī;¥Ҳз֮⡣


﷭˺üۣİʱ򶼲άѡ
ЦŸ˱ƣٱл˴ԸԸ롣

롣
÷˫־ٱһ

ʱѾʼ
ұסЦúȾƵĿն͵ϴ죬糺һƬ

Ǹ
÷ٴοڣЦһЩ񡭡

˴ȥʱ򣬸廤ĸӰɡ
ôǣЦҲðƱȥһˡ
ҹʱ䣬˱üһЦٸ˵£ҽ̷ͬ˾˱ʴ⣬ҿĴȫˣ䣬̷˾Ȼߣ־£һ˶ʮס

Ŷ
÷奾ٱѾɫһֱȴ̹ȻЦ˱ǹϲˡ
ȻʲôƵģ̽ңڽ̷˾һཿĹ

һ񺮣ûֳޣ̾˿ģǸòֿѾͷͬҵҺ̸Ӻ뿪ǰδ˵޵úģϢ˵幫Ҫˡ

ô
÷ɫԽˣ˫ȽסǿţĶڲסžƣһЦ˸Ҳֲ˭

԰
ҡͷһЦһ˿һ飬̾˵أ̸⣬ҿСվںߣ·ͷ˵ѾͷС
˵Ťͷ÷奣װ棬սʣڳϻ죬֪ĺĸ˵ģ

֪
÷ɫԽԽĨĥĻЦڽ̷˾ѾĸˣӭģĻ֮Լ֪Ӹ˭ɡ

ġ
ұͷᣬű֮û

ˡ
÷С¹۲˷ֻѶϷСʣ˵ͯˣ

˭
ҹ⣺ͯ˭ĸԱôҪҰô

СЩ
÷女ҼüŪۣĬȻָͷĥ֪ʲôȻһЦҲʲôҪҾһʡ


΢ЦŵͷҶԳģǸ˸ǰҲҶʡ
֪÷ѾҪﵽˣȥƫԸ
ôأ
ҽеȫ½ȥȰ÷奶Ե㣬ʱȥһ׺еİˡ
æ¿ӣ˷ܵص򿪺ӣͷİƴСƿƿ޹ȡЩĲַʹãڸʾͷ̸

Ǹġ
÷奵춼ˣƮ̴٣ʵǡ
δ˵꣬Ȼ۵һˣｦһȹ

Ұϼʶ㣬סӣæʣôˣ

÷ֽץסضһֱ£̴˳ӻץס˳ӵĸ첲ΡΡվ˷·𱻱˶ƵģһЦǸԲˣʵǲʡ

ҪҸҸưɡ
ҵǵؿ

òá
÷好ŵ׷˿̴ϣƴľٴЦŸҵǸЦˣҡȻȥˡ

ɡ
һץɴϣðϽȥ÷ˣСŽͶ͵š
һĽ÷ҵ̴ӣϽȥƣ÷ͻ֢ϳ˴⡣

ҵǵվںĿ÷Զˣ˿Ц
һͷҸǰİ֣ЦŴߴ٣ˣһֵĳζϽϴȥ

˵⻰õ¥Ժȥź󣬷ٴʱԺеСϣű߷źƺһյ̨Ÿ˳ǹĲֺ

ʲôʱģ
Цʡ

͸ղš
ٺݳ˿ڣȦбңüһЦҲ湻ģô۸

Ųţ۸
ƲƲ죬̤С鲽ǰ÷奸Ľд򿪣óһƱָ£Цĵ⣺
˿ڶǧ
˵䣬ҽƱݸ٣°͸߰𣺡СƱܲѪ

Ʊûӣ˿ں̣ͷңЦѿӣû°ɣġ




83.  ɧ   ϵɧ

83--ϵɧ

ˣ

һ, ˷ȥðҰСӣٸǰ, ʣô, ʨӴſˣ÷Ǳ߲֣

ץס̸ˣʯ̨ߵ˼, ָͷĨϵζԼ˱Ҷ, Цǡ, о仰ٶ, ǮվȨ, η÷˺Ȼ˽°Сǡ, ʱ˭ҳС㣬ܾܿͻᱻϸ˽ͨñӣȫ͡

Ƭ, üҪȥ÷, ֱӹҪ, ְɡ

, ˿ƾƣûõ, 軹͸˸ʵ, ÷ɴͷβûг, ʼСİ֮, ٵĴε̷˾ӹҹͷ͵͵ðؽլ̲Ա޴˳棬÷ɿ˵һ仰δ˵, ǿȥɱ˼һ̯֣Ƹɸɾѹûཿȹʱ䣬ѹԹˡˣؽͷҲš

Ц
ȷ÷她еɡ

ҴܲµΪԴཿ

һǣཿҵһ˼ҹﵱһ⣻

һԭΪЩ
ԼҼԪף룬ܹԼҴͬʱں£նݲһԹʲô˲õĹϵıҧһڸΣĪԼٿء

ϾǸκ˽ɾ˰

ָŷ۵̫Ѩѵûˣ

ǵûС
ٴչգЦȥ󳤰ⲻһ仰һ¡
˵Ц費֪ʵݣžܾ֪ǻѽ̷˾˫㣬ӣҾŤҲֵͷˣһʵʱŮ˸Ҫ塣

Ұһۣû

棬ھ¥̵˱Ʒ;ƣͻȥˣ֮ǰ٣ȥ÷÷奣ߵʽǵߡ

ԼĪһʱ˻ػ˵÷奻ȥкȥ˰ҹ̫ҽ
̫ҽ˵÷˽̫ۣȻһԣųָк״û£Ӻ³θҹҲػȣܿͻá

÷л̫ҽ٣ûгֲʣٶңԺٳҪౣԼӡ

ֻ˵÷ѽЩúñͰɣˣ㻹˼С



صҺһԡøָͿͿĨĨ׼ոһѾ˯
£ʵȣ˼ɴ£ԺĹ³

Сﱵ޼ŽָףպЩͣϸͿڼͱ߽߱ǽǣ޲ĨɾȻĨĵޢ

ȫཿ޾

ڵƣҺˣֱȥ޴ˣҲϹµģ϶ܾң

Ԭ壿Ǹ˵зģزδվΪԪ˵Ҳཿ£Ǹˣֱ֣Ӻ÷奶ҲѶһζֱԲ䣬ǲΡĴֱӴ档

ĽǸϺ꣬ظ£϶ɣ

֣֮ǰоԼŹ¡վڳ߶ȥ£ĳԺģƲҡ

ôأҲԪⰸĹԱ֮һ̷˾ʩʩѹ᲻ܳɣҲа˵׻ѵġ

ԽԽѻýķɻȫڵϣ룬ݳ˼ѡ

ڴʱŴϢ˵·ˡ

ҸæЬͷѣȸ

һȽŲ̧ͷȥӻһŸʳУһŰߵ崺Ц߽ظҼ񣬽ʳĶһһʯϡ

ӺЩô
Цʡ
ȸӹֽ֣¡

Щˡ
ЦŵͷȸϽȥ÷Ƥ

ˣС˽θʣȲ˱ġ
ǸһЦ
δңؽǰЩǰ࣬ܲѪ·ҩζôͷЩǣ˲ֵġ

лˡ
һů룬ź˺üڣθʱůˡ
ôˣ˵ÿ仰ϡ
ôô
Цλʲô㴫

ǡ
һЦӻͳš

Ǹ
׼ͬ˵ཿ£ԸԸʩѹ˳
ɻߣҲ֪ôˣû˵ڡ
ùû
ҽڶݸǳЦӾ¥ЩȾޱȣȸµ棬òã

û¡
˿ĭЦžܾ

һôˡ
ҷԸȸȥСҹ

ʲô˵ֻǾĻꡣ
Ҳ˵Ȱ˲濪ͷ£˫ֽסڵϵӰӣĬĬ΢Ц

ûһȸӽӹ˵Цˣ̻ʵسֻƬ̣ͳ˸׳죬ʳֻģ֭պɾ

·Ƕ˶ã
ȸڴȤ

ȥһ롣
ŤͷԸȸ

˲ˡ
סڣʾȸˡ
Ƚĳʳº󣬴ȻһЦл˵棬С˳Աˡ
˵⻰ǷŸ̽ʣ˻ῴô˵ϴС˸

Һ˿࣬Įɡ


æŲ𿪣ȸ̨ٵǰؿң

ˣ
ϴ˵㿴ϸϵģ˸ġôͷݸ㣿ֻϧ˼÷Ѿңڸûվŵĵض

ط˸ۣûᡣ

ֱ¶ϵȺһЦѽ޵ƱˣתͷƤ˽裬ʲô˼˵ִ޵ˣôӴǧƱ޴󷽣ֻ޺Ȼĳ˵ʲôοͺͻ˯ĳôΣҲҪʲǣ

Ц͵ݡºԳ֣ô˵⡢֣˸Ƶġ

ЦСﱵͷ޼ָס

С˽ˡ
˿ˣĵԽԽˣҰжسĺ£˼͵÷ɸŪſſҲóֶΣҲһȰեˣˣҲϡ

һѽСﱵϣӣüʣǲǺȶˣȻֻǻ

ͬ˵зһƬ
ȸأҧס´εؽͷŤһߡ

ݡµȷ˼
ֱĨһʼ÷ɣڵˣ֪Ū÷ˣȻЦúþ·𡭡ȶˣǸ
æԸңתص̾˿ˣԼɣС治̫ˡ

ʱҲĶ糺죬ץǼҳֽԭţɺȻԥˣҵҪ˻˵ʲôĺ
ҴֽӳַǳƯпԭΪǻ绰û뵽ң˵˶ӡ

ˣһ£Сľͷеˡ

һ㶣¿

ޱȻؽУɲǽеˣĽӵһǵ

ұͷһᣬ£Թޡ
ô籧ߺӣһеĿ϶

ҽ¿ɱޣʮ壬ްСľͷһʲôǵʱϸģ޾ãˣ϶кܶ໰Ҫͬ˵ɢ
----------------顣

ҽƲʯϣ˫˿ı³

ǰиӣ˸
ôָԼȡֹš

ȵȣ˵ʲôϸģǵʱǲǻͬԼҹ£






84.  װСľͷ   ϲϲ

84--װСľͷ

ҺٽСϢѹ, Ұ̷˾裬ȲҪС͸¶

һ»ˣǰ׽˼ҹˡ

ػ÷ӱŪ, û۸С, ҵ;¥ҵڼæͷˡ

, Һ١ĪæĽŲմء

أǵüӽʱ˶ԾˮƷҵͷһ, ͼдͨʳ, ٵ˼, Ὣĸиҵ, һΪ¥׳׳ƣ, ҲҼˣϾԺл죬ǳҪ

, ٴ¹ڶۺͺʳ⣬, ¶ʮ, һز, ÿٻỨ, ǿҵʳͻѰ˰, ǻΪǵĹ, ´, ͲƷһɵķá



æ죬ڵˡ

, ԼãģҴɫȡͷ
ҪɴҾ;Ļױ֧ҡϴȸѴ͵Ǯϣڳʱš

ȥ¥ſȦѾȥſʱ˵ĵϷ̣ǽԴһ£ˮ裬ֽزϴŴʱʱ·פ㣬ؿž¥ͷӶۡ

ǰѯʣʱӪҵЩʲôʳ

˻Ҿȥ˺š
û뵽׼ͿվŸϤˣҰ˵ܸԺֶ

Ըӽú棬Ҳ֪˶ãõİˣ˵أӲСĵڵصİƤʱʱذ½Ƽҵˣ˵һϲ


Цų˵֣

ҡҷ˼ûһ˵ܸӾˡ

þûˣϸϸش˵ܣ֪ǲΪӪˡ֡˾񼫺ãոµĽۣͷϴڣңò㣬ֹŴ󷽣ѾŹĴҹӡ
أͷ񳤸˰ңպŰұӳЩƺҪס˵ָͷ

һۡ

ʱJףǵرסҵĸ첲غҹ衣
Ӳȥߵİ˵һЦʣʲôʱģȾ𣿡

˵ӵͷЦҲûȶãľ¥ҵҲζҪġ
˵⻰˵ܽһЦͷװҺĽ׼裬Ľ˫Ь

Ҵ򿪽Уһƣ޲ǰ˫ɫ廨ЬЬͣЬǰ֯׺飬ǳϸµֻ

Ľ㣬ŶЩиǲġ
Ц֣ȴůůģأʲôʱҵǵҵġ

û£ռҲС
˵һЦϸϸشң̾˿ǵʣ㣬Ӫ¥֬ǲǺۣ˺ܶࡣ

ҡҡͷ̫ҽҩаʱԣûٷ

ģˡ
˵͵εصͷ㣬綼˵СӻعˣҲ֪ĳʲôӣЩ㣬ÿȥ̸ˣ¥ҵſ϶ȵ㡣
˵˵ĿƵؿңʣ㣬Ժô죿

һһɡ
Ҵϰ˵ܵĻסšºӵʵڲѽҾͰߵӣòã

ѽһТ˳衣
£ͷҼϣĺĻ棬ȻʲôƵģæЦң裬Щְæʱۣ˵ʶ黭䣬ģ

Ϲ˵ʲô
˵ܴļ
ǸȻһЦͷԥãûסʣǸ㡭Ӧû°ɡ

ⶼʲôʲôѽ
ָһЦʲôˣһͷӣͼɶѽͷӪ¾¥ˣ⣬̾ýύǹ˼˼ǣڼ廨ء

Ǿͺá
˵ЦΣǵı֪ˣ㡣

û¶
Цû⻰磬תļ磬ЦȾ¥ͷæˣ뷨ӣָܲ

һδ˵꣬ͼվ˭֪ͷ˵һ⺢Ҳ˲Ϻʹͷң裿ܼô

ġ
֣صصͷЦű֤
ʵû׶ЩӴûʵμܣҲұ֤´ټʦʲô¡ˣԸȡɡ
תľУŵ˵ϣ򿪣ָĦͷľŰƱЦǰһӣԭ˸ȥģûˡģǸɸɾӣȥ̷˾̸ģֿС֧Ӧ


˵־ܾ糺죺ôҪӣҡģ治ǹҪǮġ

ϣư㼱ġ
һЦץ˵֣ܵƱϣͷ᣺߼Ҿʣ۽ˣ͸ûͷȿżǧƱһֱܣֵܣš

⡭
˵ԥˡ

ҵġ
°˵֣ܵЩĽ棬żˣǼҲỳʲô

С
˵ܵ˵ͷעң֣صǰǲ˱ϢԺҲᡣİɽ㣬Ѿӯˣҧҧһӻȥ



棬ǽ˵˻ӻ͸ȥ

¥֣綼ˡ
Ȼ˴ģɹ٣վںԺˡӻֽûѲϴɾ

ʱҺٴΒݣͻǵ¥ţ̡ͭǮ;¥ʽҵˡ

ǰϷʱֻСС֣Щ֬ۡ⣬ͷһʳԭ죬ʳͲ࣬һ¥ͺˡ

˭֪Ȼر𱬣

һ̣һ¥ʮӾˣ¥İ½Ҳˣˣ¥ͷΧˣʮֺ⾿ʲôԷʲôʱп

Һٶûϵ𣬸æðھ¥ͷʱӲ弽˼κͳʣϹ̺͹ӣʳǵȴ

أæȻ죬ѵıܿˣǺĲƷҲڽףæȥµ¥˺⣬ˣѼĳӽæ

أĪڹ̨վһ硣
ĪָͣذӣҼˣͬʱǼǺյĶ

⻹æҡ
ʱЩˣԽˡ

ٸƵģӭȥ¥䣬ʶǰ÷ͬǣʲôׯҡǮׯ¡ٲҪƺȾƣͷѾʼΣ͵͵Ժ˻š

Щԣ֪ҺٵĹϵǡáԿмѧԨԴһ㶼٣ԣԺлᣬͬ⡣

ЦտƾĵģǾ͸ñʾʾ

ⲻֽʮ󵥡



ڵʱ򣬾¥Ѿ˵ƣŷһһ

ɨıͣᴸ·ʹСȣɴһǣ˿ڽ

ڴʱټҴ˹ȵͨ죬ȴԽȣֳڹ̨ϣԼ˸ӣӽӹĹĵãż⣬쳤˲˱бңЦΪ㣬վһգ˰ɡ

С
Ҵӹֻ̨ɾӣٵ˱ЦսһŲ

Լ϶ġ
ٴһӣѾһսЦӣٹ۲켸գԺнɻҾžֵܿˣû뵽С˻Ǹ˰

󶫼ҹˡ
ҶЦ˱

Ȼ¥ɧ

ͷͷܶ˷÷ʳͺشҲ֪ʶ˭˵˾䣬Ԭ๫ˣüһһ¥¥ʳŷǸŹٻͨգȥſΧۡ

ҺٻһۣԬ๫Ԭ壿

ô

һŵøæϵ˵ˮͷת̨Ϳͷ߽ʮˣͷ°ɫֱ֣ʷǷüͷšǹһԬ˭

Һٸæӭȥؼ

ˣ롣
ҲԬ룬ֱʮͰϰ£ͬʱֹģ֧ʹҾ¥Ƶģ

ǡ
СʣͬʱĪ¸Ͻȥ

˭֪ԬװʶңֻЦųҺٵͷ»Ȧٸմӹ·˵أż㣬ѰԭôóʳλǾ¥ң

ǡǡ
Цæϲ衣

ܺ𰡡
Ԭӹ裬˿ڣЦʣʻλôͬø

˵⻰ʱԬĿ̹΢Цųҵͷ
ˣԬйڰҡ

ǲ˼ˣˡ
ϥǸȻһЦװʮΪ飺λӶˣͷкЩ˵أ⡢⡭

ʱǰ˵԰λøԬ๫

ԬЦų˱ȭæ˵ˣº͵ˣǱɡ

ҼͷٴϥĿİͰ͵Ц桢ǶԲסˣյĵҲˡ

ԬһҲûգ豭٣Цȷʳȵֺηأ˿λλҸһҸϵݸϢٵʱ

˵⻰Ԭȥ˺ƣЦ뿪ˡ

ˣ
æߣͷ͵͵ĴָȥԬˡ



ԬԶȥıӰݸ

ԭҸûԬϾͷ̫ʢǳֿȵ˶Σ䡣

û뵽ԬȻˣңǺܺĵġ

֪Ԭһ棬¥϶Ϻų̈ס

лˣԬ๫



һֱӪʱŹš

ûûʰޣȥһ¥ֽ˼ƿþƣæһյĳӡСе.Ů÷ƣÿ˷һǮ

ȳ˻Һ١Ī¾ȥ˱ĸλ̡ǵ𡢾¥룬ټϾˮ.Ůɣ漸յĶܣһǧʮһ

üһȻô࣡

ֵ֮࣬˸Сϯ棬ͬ١Ī³˼յƣЦŻع½Ȥ£ԺôӪ

ƹѲʱӣںŻϴ˻꣬͵ؼ𣬽ʮ壬ǺԼ˼ӡ

Ҹæϴ֣ðȸȥ׳æǸҸϡ

˵ôܾúʲôԭ

ԼĪ˰ʱ͵˼ĺ

ǰһѽɴ£ҴܣͷƵȸЩϸˡ

ԶҾͿµյſŷԭšˣһϲĨ˰ϵĺæӭȸҼһЦң

ôŻģ¶ʱ

ŶŶ
ӦţͳƱںЦ¥ҵæͿˣ£ҵһ⣬źȲɡ

æƱƸңūء

ҪҪġ
Ұס֣ϥЦСľͷڹչˣţҲ㰲ҵġ

ؿȸЦЦƱ£󣬲ߣ´ûȹˣˣ˵ͷۣͱСӳˡ֪¥ҵ³˺üأ֪ҵȶʵԳӺͷͷ¥˼軨ʾӶء


Ҳ첻ѣͻˣû

ʵ̫æˣû֡


ص̾˿ڣôɣµһڷûأɫѿúܣ˭Ҷ˵һ仰

Ŷ
Ӧȹӣ첽Ϸȥ

δˣСԺɸɾ࣬ŵƣݴҹе·ҹʾ

˫ʹȹϲ˼£Ŷ롣

ƹתңһƣѴʱ£߿飬سһ仰˵

ҸЦ£ͷˡ

ˡ
Ǳ߳壬ӴʱͰ˯ڿϣģ䣬ҿӺͷֱ˸ÿˡ
˭֪ҸϸǵСӣȻ̧֣͵ˤϣҺȵ

һľ˭ģվԶЩ






85.  ԡ   ʲô

85--ԡ

ô͵, һĸſ¡
ʶȥӣȻ, ӱըƵˤŵ, Ӷ£, ߺ

ûû¡
Ҹæϣ, ḧӵĸ첲, 壺ŵǲǣ, ûû¡

˼, ۾±С˼, ٴ˯ȥ

谵ҴŶӣ˵, Сཱུģëֳֺ, СС, йɺŵ㡣
һЦ, , ƹȥ, , ҪС, ˭֪ڴʱ첲һʹץס

ʲôʱģ

ʲô

֪ϵľ, ҪҵĹͷ顣
֣ýϵСشϮؿֱĽ׵Ĺǽڻŵ˫Ϸ顣

ҿû㰡
Ʋͷܾӡ

㿴㣬ڻиû
ѹѵңһѽҳ¿ϵ´ңЦ䣺˵ˣ㿴ڻиŮû

ݸǳЦͷ

㻹˼Ц
ƺҵ̬ȼŭˣұ˸ߣӰ˲佫Ұס
ģպһЩ͸˵̾ԾȻִ¶꣬оô

һӾͰҵĻˣͷηػصҧгݡ

ʲôѵ˵ˣ

㡭
䣬ȻûҪ
;¥ҵӣĸطӣҲ볳ܣû壬Ҷûʲôô
ʲôû˵ƿֱȥӡ

˭֪ǰһһ


ֱʡ

޲
ѵĮ

ҪӣҪ
ٴ׼ƿֱ֪ڿߣ˫ۻסӸµؿңҿ

£ԼԳŵģÿʮӣ
ʵѹסˣ

ߣ
ЦýĮ˵ʼô

ôˡ
еȭͷ߬סҧЦ

һľƳŵã
˵⻰ʱʳָסӣŤͷųͷţѶճζӭһ죬˫ණԼͷЬûкͣӣ

Ҷʱסæ̧ϸϸϸţȷʵһӻζ
԰ǻھ¥һϴš

ϣҴˣ
һĴȣתӣҲû֣ӵǸԲԲˣȵȣȥϴ

˵⻰ҽŵƵܣû񣬲㱻żſڵȸͺæҡ

죬졭
ǰˣߴ٣ȥСˮûҪԡˣȸȥױ̨СϻƿˮȵȣȥԺЩȥۣ

ܵСǱߣͽЩ¼õ壬һȫȹϣãƫȥ
ڣСĹˮϵգûһǾԡͰע
ҰѸֻ¶ȫȥ׼ѣȻԼ˾ƣԡһʱҲɢˡ

ȸͰ

ＱȲȸֱӴӼֻϴ裬ŵϣ˿ڣֻ.ӣû¾Ūˣ

ȥͰȸܻ㣬󾪣ˣʲôѽ


ֹ̧ۣȸظŷŵķӣеľ֮Ūˣûп٣Լֱ²ŻҲֹͣ
ҷվ˰ᣬȸҪ˱Ǿޱ¶ڣϽľ˳ȥ

Ѹѣ̧ȣԡͰŻ˲佫ŹסĽ˲
ˮϴ˰Ȼͷ𿪣˿ȫˮڵȣȻ㽫ϴȵʵڱﲻסŴˮг

Ҵϴӻи첲һ̷ȸ಻סԡͰꡣ
ɾڴʱ֨ѽһ˴ͷƿˣţһӲҹĺϮŤͷȥǣȻˡ

ҼʶؽԡͰߴŵԡ£ǰתϴ
ĽŲϸ΢ţԽԽ󣬺Ӱѹվ

ȥ


ǡ
ȸŵø̧ͷסװ˻ųسҿ


ŭ

û£ȳȥɡ
̧ͷȸЦЦ

š
ȸǵؿңͷ˳ȥҲϡ

ûѣϴɴʱƵǰվƷ˫ۻסӸµظңûаϲŭ
ﷳֹͣϴĬˮ
ɺȻһ룬ľϴҵ裬ţǻӵģӰɡ

뵽ˣ̧ͷòس΢Ц£㱳תϴ
Ȼʲô˵Ȼ̧ȽԡͰˡ
ˮܲסˣʱ˳ȥҲһء

Ҳϴˣֱ뿪˭֪ӺǿбסҰסϡ
ţظһһסñӺֻҪ΢һĸ첲Ͱҵһ֡

ţ

ճҼϵĻ괵°͵ȥŤͷյҶߣૣˣ޶ⲽˣ㻹ţ

أ
ЦЦͷ¡

̫Լˡ
ЩˮͷðвӵеһУ޸ģǷˣ޾ȫջأһҹصǸ

ô
ƿĸ첲ĮԭôңҲôԼˡ

Ҹ׼ߣϣٴα뻳С

ȥĶ
˫ץסҵļͷͳЩͷսЩңȻһЦָµұˣ޲Ц

ûա
ҡͷЦЦȥᣬܿȵĿ⣬ʵʵ˵㱧ߣҵȷ˵£гһңҸúȥδӡ

ţ
ѲؿңϺȻҵļͷܸоķŭм꣬ȴң
ͬ˵˵ȥĶ

ʲôû˵ŤͷǿջЦ

䣿
סҵ°ͣǿҿ
޺һô½ţ;ÿԸ

ǡ
ľƣû¡

٣
ƣסҵĲӣЦǰƵź㣬һһӡ
˵ѹǳЦ˼ҵĲŵϰѲ÷奣ҲǣһӣǱæȥ¥ˣŸоʹ˵ԭ

ҡͷЦ

ĪԬ壿
ḧҵʪЦӲ͵ͻʼ֮£ξȻ𽵹ľ¥ҵһȥͣҪ֪ʺֲ֪˵˶ٴκûԬ嶼Ӧ谶ʦһֶû˵Ȩ׷
ԽԽ켸ҵĶϣЦʣôģ޽̰̽

аҸ̡
˰ļ磬ֱվһˮϡͷϣҾôվţԼȫչʾ

Ц̧֣ҪȥץҵǶ

Ҵ֣סļ硣

ʱңԾԾԣҪҧմŵĻꡣ

ۡ


ѹǳЦ˫ۡ

żʲô
ָĲʡ

㡣
´ԽԽ졣

ô
Цʡ

һסҵƵĴҵΣ룡

ǡ
ЦЦٴƿס˫ۣͬʱһְֻסļ磬ؽתҡ

ʲô
ץסҵ֣ĦЦʣҪްô

ֱ̧ȳԡͰСԡѸٲӺͷȲòˣȸǻõ´ϡ
бȥѴʱԡͰͷ϶մŻ꣬ˣ˫ԡͰضϣңȻ͵شˮվ޵ôĵӣϷˣޡ

ӽʪͷ𣬵һЦǱ˵оƳζôˣżʲôˣû˵оζ˵ϴɾˣȥӣϣʲôԵͷ

˵⻰ϥһֱߣˡ





86.  ͷ   һ

85--ͷ

Ϊԡ, ϸо쬵ģҲ˺ܶࡣ
ҼϷȥĿȥ, ͵ʱߵʱһģһ, ϰ˵Ĳˣǻ˵, ³ģ

վ

ǳȥɡ
һ˻, ˳ȥ
, ŵǱ, վ, ˯Ķӣŷֱ, ȴоʮô

ҺݺԼȣǺͿ, ô˽ҹҪӣ, ܺһ


ҡ, , ѽ

ڴʱ, ˴ͷƿ, ѽˡѾ°ɫ, ͷ볱, ɫЩ첽
˲û񷽲ղҵִƿ, ѹŪѣڲúģ˯첻ˡ

ҲģѲע⣬˼ȻѶҡˣһʼ˯죬Ȼ۴

ʲô
ˣҲ˲Ϻǳңæȥӡ
Ҳ˲Ϻ죬ȥӣȥʶȥСӣûȻű룬ȵ죬ҶŪú󱳳ġ

ӿ޵˻ߡ

ﰡ
һֱһĦıҡ壺ʶ𣿲޲ޣﻵ˱

֪ӻǿޣСͨ졣

ʱһվŵң߹ҪѺӶߣ֣޶˵ˣںѺġ

ô
ҺŶӣѣҵʱܹԣûô޹У뿪Ҷãô࣬Ҷôˣ

ƺЩ飬ܿҵĿ⣬ȴǿӲҲ޵Ķӣܰ»˸طӦǰи̫಻˸ƿˡ

ĺһۡ
Ӵʱ޵ĽҵţӴ۾Ⱥͷʪ۵ҪҲſ壺ǲﲻѽ˺òãأ㲻ʶ𣿡

Ҳ˹ͺ˳㣬ϵҲˣŶӣСľͷҲأ²¡

ⲻа
Ҳ˲ϺսæҰѽ⿪öһҵأϵõġ

С
֣⿪ҵ£ҵĶǶͷ
ͬʱһ˸ƱӣֻСܱסҵ顣
Сӱܵ죬סҵ顭ͷ˼ڣûƳֿʼޡ
±ﰡ
ţĸİɣ˼ڣذ·ҲϳˣСֳҵˣȴίر죬·ͬҸ״
ϣñϵѽ
סʮڶӣСӿЦˣɫҲ

һԵϲЦտʳָعŶӵ°ͣЦ׻ܺס㶼֪һޣûСʱ岻һؿ޺ˣһ֡
˵װסЦأ˵ľ㡣

ҰһۣҰѴá
ûͬȥѣŪúҴӿ˼ѣסӣͷߡ

ȥĶ
׷˳

ƣȥ͸͸
ûѣֻǱŶԺתơ
ϵˣƵϡ
һ
ĦŶ۵ıɢȣأ·ҵĻƵģСֱסҵĲӣϿ˿ڡ
ϣˡ
Ťͷ˿ڶӵ䣬ҿѴʱϷſڣƿϵˮ΢ЦſҺͶӣ硣

˵˵ѽ
ұߵ£ָЦʣʲôѽ
˳ҵֿȥ˵ѽѽС
ѽ
׶ӣͷָϵʣǸʲô
ͷҾѣֱסҵĲӣѽѽغ
ҲиֻСӣСǲѽ

ҡϵ⻰һЦȤ˵СľͷС

Сѽ
ҡӣָѣʣ˭ѽ


˵֡

أ
Цʡ

СӾȻһЦ˸ССĹУſϣ˯ȥ

ѽ
¶ӵƨɵЦҡҡͷ
ϣʱʹ˾ֹҵСľͷҡȥ롣

ڴʱҿѴʲôû˵ſ˫ۣرסĸӡ
һҸоᡣ
˯ˣĬĬᣬҲˡ

֪ͺãЩʲôӡʲôһ緹ĵҺν䡢١÷Ԭûʲô
ҲһδдţĪĸɴףֻҸͷͬ˵

ѡ
ͷţţܲҰѶ̫꣬СˣҶģҾˣ޵ĲҶɡ

ǲѾһô
ѸҵͷҽճڲʪڶСľͷѾˣڹⲻʣ˵꣬ôʱأһ᲻أ޴Ӧ㣬ÿ»

֪ˡ
ٴγȵףЦ
ǷˣȻһ֮ˡ

˯ˣȽȥˡ
˼ϥѼһȻϷȥ
֪
ڽݵʱͣ½ŲתȻִٲվſڡ

һΡѡ̾˿ԼҲ֪Ϊ˶Ӻã֣ߵģô

Ҳ˵

˫ֲķͼȰң֪ĸӷʹ࣬ɹĻӹҲˣ޸ճʱҲʱˡû޿ǷˡҪ⣬УЭͷΣգʱʱ̰̿˱㣻Ĳᣬ˵ԶģǳŴһ£ǲ޸ģʱ׽ȥˣ㲻᲻ǵðɡƫ㣬֪ˡ

ЦЦǲ˵

ʲô飬Թޣ
ŭɫ˵Լʱ䣬ʲôʱܳ״߳ٸ޵š

ûֱؿ

㵽Ҫ˵ʲô
ѹʡ

Ȼ޷ͨԲҪ˵
һЦǸҪϢˡ

У˯ɣԺ˵
˿סҵļߡ

̩ɽȻϥ°ͳŬŬЦ檻Ϊʮ檺ͶӵദǸ˯

˵⻰һýؽźϣ⡣
ڹŵ˲䣬ҵЦʧ̾˿ŶӳڼȥطڿϡǺñӺȥ
ֻͷ˯ڶ࣬űḧ
Ҳ֪λ᲻ͬѺͺãʱͺáôһգԶᡣ

Ҳ֪˶ãõˡ

Ȼƺ˴ͷƿˣûһѾͽˡ
һժƵӣͽֽ

˲Ұ

һûӦԼӰϮԼӰҰסͬʱֺ˺ҵ¡
ҹȣǶı
Ըоصĺͷըѡ

ʲôѽ
³ѶӣͬʱæҪӡ
˭֪Ȼקסҵĸ첲ءţ缲޴ɶ㡣

ڸǰ
߲ѣ˫

´󣬶ƨ
˵˾ֻץסҵͷһ³ҵ㡣

вУ
ʹ

С
֣Խҷ˸ҵ˫۷޷
㲻Ҫǹô
ҶߣЦȻ޷ͨǾͻصʼʱ¥δ˵ʲôĻֱ¡ô㣬ھô㡣

֪ͷӲ򲻹ˡ治ģ

ҲٵֿҲ˺ܶ࣬ɿҵ˫֣ڰпңȻ

Һ˺ģ֣صشΡ

ǡ
Ц٬С..Ҳ˰ɡ
˵סҵ죬ػЦ꣬СЩѶӡ

ҰĿЦЦϷٯ˵ֲǺĴСϱ㣿ɡ

ģ
ҧסҵĶҶﴵϸ޵ѻǱ˺ܾãǰʰˡ

а
Цָĺڷо仰ҵǰ˵ˣʡ㵽ʱֱͬŤ

˵
ѻЦֳУڳ̽Ѿ׼ý

Ҫȱ
һƵƽţЦˣúҩŪ

ţ
Ѳ죬ֺȻסҵĲӣͽȻ䣺ң

Ȼأ
ŤͷԱ˯ĶӣºٱкһرߣܱܽУɣܽܣ·Źعǰɡ

ӣңüδսƵšҵĸ첲£ұڻ޵˯

ѿ£һ࣬ºۣ˯





87.  ̽   ޡ

87--̽

һֱڿŶ, Ȼ޼Ȼ˯ȥô˵, ͺجα, ¡

һ֣ӾҲǺܺ, ܾģû֮ǰôá

Ҷ, ҹ, ʱ˯, ôоأ

Ҳ֪˯, һֱң, ˯ṳ́ܲʵ

컹δʱҾˣźߵǱ, ȡոµȹϣͷý, Ь, ŵе, ӰСӸǺ, , ͷ

׼ߵʱ, 첲Ȼקסˡ

ôߣ컹ûء
ѵ, Ƹ˯ѣЦôо޻æ

¥տҵ, æЩ
ҾԼƽȣϵƿ֣Ц˵ˣСľͷˣҿ϶᲻ã޿֣˯ʱ뿪Ƕɾ

ô
ѹŹֵЦ
Щڣҿʲô飬ŲǺܺÿɡ

ˡ

ϥ˸׼ȥ

ȵȡ
ѺȻסҡ

ͣ½Ųδת»ʲôԸ

û

ˡ
Ҵɴ׼ߣ˭ָ֪ӣٴαס

ޡȥǸլӿô

ǶǱµģȥĶȥĶ
ҵ˵˾䡣
Ȼཿ
ҴԼЬϵ飬»ǵõǾ¥ͬ˵ʲô

㻽޵¡
ЦЦƺ˿޵ʱҪʲôû˵ޣ׼ߵʱס޵֣˵

үһѡ
ҴĻٴν伸ıĻ˵
ʱҳĬԣ¡
ãص̾˿ʵʱ檱÷Ͷ·ǵһѣڽ̷˾Թ޲ʮһÿﶼôˣ÷ɺ͵£õĳĽ㣬õľͳ㡢áԣҲһѡ

Цޣޣ

ദôãʣ˽ġû´ô˵Ҫôı㣬Ҫôͬҽ

ʱ΢ͷڶ࣬°볨ϼҹץƵָӡɼ

֪ɡ
ҳ۶ӣݸҲСľͷ¡

ô˵Ҳûգָۣһ֣ζһЦУ֪ˣ޴ôӰи̷˾ʩѹȻȥϢȥ˰ɡ

лˡ
ҳͷ΢Ц뿪ˡ

磬ͥԺĵϴ¶飬ſžӨ͸

˸󲽳ǰȥ



*

Ӽ뿪ҷֱȥ¥пۡ

¥ǱҲģĪ¾ϵ˵֧Ӧţʲô⣬ֻӾС
ֲ˵ҲСˣѡַЩһʼȸȥϿһµ棬תһһҹʵڳŲסˣµģҲоƣ۵úܡ

ҲǿæϽؼȥϢϴɴϣ˭֪Ӷ

뿪ʱһҪչ˺Сľͷն񣬱±ϾˣûŮϸ˵ҪæҴ£޾ϸذķںϣСľͷĴ飬Ҫġ

ȰңĪҪģԼŻԼ̫ҽÿնƽ˳ҲСƣûµģǻµطӻӦ

˵ĺҲûңǵõҸˮҲǰٰ㲻ʣ˯ţ˺üնӡˣἸ´Ӥ

ô£Ҿǲġ

뵽ˣҸ˯ˣ˼ɴ£ǰӳóֽĥīʣԶĳдš

ڣһ治֪װ׵ϵϳ¡
ϳ±Ͼ֮оصųѻģԣŵһðպˡ

ܸҲ̫׽ѿǰϵϳ¡

ϸ˼Ƭ̣ʾд


δɺãϻֵܻΣŮ·;ңԶˡܵʰ
ģӯһжãǰûСסЩӡ
˵ѿúܣѾ÷奺룬˸ãһʳסϺչң֧⡣
ڳӪ¥֬⣬С׬һʣд㣬̣ǵʱҪͷæˡ

ӻӣҶ˵ѵĺûңҵȷӿһӪҵðѳתƳȥ˼ȥֻ߻ʵԶĵطӪԵú㡣

Ҹëպ˵īд
£˵
ոдţҪ
ʵڽ˸ӣӳһֱߣʱ׾ȥڣ˳ݡ
ӳ檷Ѿ˼ǳ׳顣뺢ۣӺȻꡢѺ壬Ҳ˵ޣȻ޵ʧ

ƴҹһ˿һ֢״дϳ£

ˣ檻֣ӳ麹ûʲôһˡ
֪檶ģǺ没ˣǰ̫ҽԺԺС꣬ͨǧСƣӯжΣȫˮشűס
ӹ㣬һ˶żңһ¶ٺòˡ
ǧм

ȽдúðȥҸ׵ˣſӱȥ
ϣҶģСľͷֻˮһƽµġ

̫ȣҲûʲôθڳ緹ֻ㽺һ밲裬ͻȥ˯

ٴϼѾɴˡ

ȸ
ͷΣִŷᷢʹļ羱ȸ

ûһȸͭŽˣˮš˸ֽҵݹָҵ˱裬Ц˿˯ʱ˳أüһףû

ˣ
һ㶣ֿʼģ֪ûаСľͷŵ
Һ˿裬ʱѲ٣ȸ˯ŵʱʲôû

˵ūˡ
ȸȹڴϣͷ·ֻľӣͷЦʱ·ˣ˺Щġū˵ȥûã˰ʱм£ˣ֮ǰū˵Ѿи̷˾ʩѹ躦µҪԹ£ؾ޴ˡ

ҵͷʣأ

ȸЦүԺĻţʲôʱȥԹ

ڡ

·Ƶؿڣ´ױ̨ȥ

ȸˮɻĨغͷɫɴóϺ˷٣һױ˻ӡ

ȴ׵󣬴Ʊͬȥ˽̷˾



ϺϼãʯѾķ紵ɣųʪζ̷˾滹֮ǰһ˻֬˿֮

Һûȥֵǰãɺ֮ǰһȥ˺԰Ǹͤ

˽̷˾Ӫҵ֮ʱ컹δ͸Ѿ˵Ůڻ䣬ǰѰֵĸ̹ǻקסһѾͷһǮõĹڲڣûгӡ

ԶҾͿͤ⣬ǰŸ°ɫɴµˣθȳƣཿ

ҺٻһۣæЦǰȥ

˭֪ǻδ˵׻͸Ƶķɹǵסҵĸ첲ۺ٣˵󶫼ңҪϵ˵ѽ檽Ϲٺݺ˶١

ȴļ磬Ц㲻̲޴˶µôҲ˼Ϊ㣬ⲻ˵ֶΣҵ·˵ܹȥô

ϣˡ
Ц޴ˣǧӣ¹ﳼ֮ŮҲ˵ʲôɵ
ֳɵ״²ӣǰȦ˭˲֪ȥ굽ڣ·Ūȥ˶ٸԹж㣬ֻҪץȥҲҪзϣ˭ѽ

ӵ֣￩һ¡
һֱ֪¹أʶΣֻû뵽ڳҲ̸֮ɫ

˵䣬Ǽͤ
ҳǰɨۣϰʳеţӵǻ̿Ϸ֬ǳóԡ

͵˿ĭ̧ۣཿĿԡ
ҳ΢Цͷ˭֪ȦȻˣеȭͷ߬סƺ̣Ȼͨһ£ͷҵأ˸Һٸͷ£

檶лүͷ֣λҲѱһ

Ҹæཿͳӣᣬ֣΢Цҡҡͷʲôû˵
˭֪Ѿͷ˵Լ֮͹ͬվ

һﻹͦģʶʱ

Ҳûǿȥ
Ҹ赹˱ƣװƱĽƹȥǸȻһЦѽ˿ޣѾͷңҾͶͷҲⲻǧƱѳ԰ա

ϣĸӵǮ
˵˻䣬ѽиˣЦҼ˿̧ͷԹཿģͬȥԺҪ

ǡ
ཿϥһ̧֣ͷϵλϴĽӳ£ֽϴЬ£ϤŵͤĳϣŽţվ

һøĹ֮

赭ƳЩüһȤཿûеڱĺ£ѵү˰ȥʲôһֹ㻹ǰ˶ɾ󣬹ˣ˵׼ܳȥء

ҴСȣҡϻҵ

лĹġ
ཿͷ£ЦͷŮҲлүҷ·̻⣬ھӪ֬Ӻ;¥ŮǸͿģֵǮԭǴүͷ˺ģŮȥ

ʣ
û뵽ѾͷҪǿǸļƵģ綼ǰҺٵĵϸղŹעһһеعȡ

ԺҪѽ
豻涥˻ȥЩ졣

ʱཿǰһƺ赹˱ƣ£ؿ˸ͷʵŮҵ䣬ȫݶ飬ġ

ô˵ģ
æཿĦŮıᰲοҲǱ֮ˣպȥˣʲôˣʱ衣

ԡĸŮ໥ߵʱҺٻһۣԼͬһЦ

˾

˵ûֵطʮӶʮ̫˴˶һ棬պ



Ҽ˿ţ⣬׼ԣȻͷ󼱴ҴҵĽŲ̧ͷǰȥӺ߱ߴʵˣͷɢ½󳨿Žţ䡣

æվЦӭӣ˭֪ŭسָҵıӣƿڴ

̸ͭôôңƭҵ⣿綼˵ˣҼǿĿô

ˡ
æ̷ͣ˾ʵǡ

ҵĻδ˵꣬Ϳ˫ŭýϵʳȫ

ʶ£˭֪ûüűȵľʹͨ̿ҽϡ

ˣ
˲Уᶼʹˡ





88.     ҵĽ

88--

, ٷӦ죬ô佫ҽűнŸǰ̿Ҳ˲ͬ, æ轫ҷס, ʯϣźȥҴ

û°ɡ
ٶҽű, ɫѿץ, ҵĽš

û¡
ס, ȥ, 廨Ь汻̿ǿָͷСĶ, űۿɼ̺ˣۡ

أ
մ˾, ˫ۻסᷳؿҺ١
ģǰƢ, һӾʹȥˡ

Ҳ㳤Сˣպһ, ָҼ黭

Ӳ, ʯϷֻľƱ, , ңң˱, ݸһЦ, ̷˾, ҪԹ뿪ǰۣߡ

˵⻰, ɴһ

һŤͷ衣

εص䣬ɵײҵүЦأүô´ˣľˣͽȥ򡣡

⻰ЩҲסˣ˫۴䣬ͷ£ţڴϺȾƣԶһҡ

˸˺üΣȴ֪˵ʲôż뿴ҵĽˣְң˸öȻΪβԵĵطҪں߽ҿ

Ƥǲǣ
Ħȭƣŭ䡣

ˣҲû¡
æקסٵӡ

ڴʱҿһŵཿĬĬ䣬Ȼ֣һȥʱͰ죬ץָѪӡ

ŭҪǿཿǸʮ߰Ůû˼˦ӣšߡ

үү
ȥͣıӰҡӣŲӵƿþƹ

ĿæҵĽţסҵļȰοҲͬƽϣȶˣӲ˰ɣƢǹ֣Ǿûܿ۵ģ˲ٸԹĹˣͦӵģڴϣ塣֮ǰ֮ң˽ݣ첻ǮԼܵ˽֧ԮԬˡ

˵˼ؿཿЦǿŮ£ѽʼնûпཿġ

ЦЦû

ȴˣҵĽҩࡢúŸ裬ཿӽ̷˾뿪

һ·ʼձ΢Ц죬һ㶼˽š

Ь£æţűȻ飬һƤѪˣҪˣҾıô꣬·ɫѩףû覴ã̿ˣҲ֪Ժ᲻̡

ɱ䣬ͬгôÿμ治Ǵܾӡ

ű۵ֱᣬ˳ﻹཿ
£ɴճϣܣһѳֵġ
ڴʱཿ˫ſӣݸңע⵽

ѾͷڳﺬŹӼͺ͵ǣСؿҡ

ôˣ
Ц

ͷȼڽ̷˾ͷ˵һֱɴΪм
ཿһЦԵ®ɽĿû뵽ò

ҴɴЦ⣬Ҫͷ¶棬Щ

ǡ
ཿɵ΢Ц

ȻΡ

ҡСȣƿҹཿͷɴȹϵĻ꿴

Ǹ
檡

Ȼͬʱڣͬʱһ໥΢Ц

̧Сȣ˸Ķ˵

檶лȡ
ཿãٴθҹؿͷĿкᣬǿز£ֿǧСĿȥ´㣬˺ʹүĶ飬檾ҲѱһʮʮָմˮΩ⸱еã۴ӡΪūǳȥ.˯檾޶

ѾͷΪġ

ð
ཿüһЦҾǼ߸ŹŮ˼̤ͷеӣ£ûԵ˼ġ

ཿסﾡǲš

ЦЦװĺƹȥŰɣ㲻ûҲñ飬үµľ¥סһүѾȥͷ׼ˮͷˣͷ·ƱúϢ侲һ½

ཿǰ㣬ѹ̽˾䣺ʶԼʲô飬Ϊ˰ҡ

ѾͷĿء
Сĸ첲ЦٺҲ²⣬ҾͰͻؽ̷˾ȥ

ཿͷԽˣ˼һЦתĬĬᣬҵɴȹʧ

ˣ檼ͻʣ˻̶һ꣬ʶ˺ΪˣΪײϣΪ壬ͬҼҵˣҲûҳͷȥ̶СŮһѡ

ཿס˫ȣͷϥͷͬ˵

ڽ̷˾ʱСŮҧгݵػţԼûˣʣҺ͵ܵܣͯѶȫޣ֪ǲǱ˸ˡƾʲôˣЩԼһŵ˲͸ˣҴӽ̷˾ˣָ֮ûңҺȻ֪ΪʲôұôˡԼ鹰

˵ཿῴңʹ࣬ʣˣңǲǵ

Ϊʲô
ḧཿͷ㣬ΪʲôҪ˺Լ˵ĸˣô죿Ŷ󰡣ҧȥͺˣٹʮͷ֣ᷢĥѻںͷⶼʲôġ

š
ཿŵͷ

˵
߳Ůˣӡˣһ֣Ůˡ
ԼѾͷʮҸǿ
أҿԹ¶һСϣԼб׹ĺۼ

ʣǸ˵̲Ա޴һֱ۸㣬֮ǰĺӿģ

š
ཿĨԹ֮ɫԾĿңͷ޵ʵ۸ҵ˲޲϶Ǹˡ

æʣ֪˭ôʲôô

ཿҡҡͷÿȥס˫ۡǸֲָңʲô֪ǣͷܸߣʮӣˣһˣǿҪңҶߣͣغ⡭Ҫ˰ɡ
˵ཿЦһգ֪˭ҶɱŮˣҲʹζ

Ҳ˸䣬һСȣװȣʹȷ磬ЦڣǸ⡭ҲǱǸ۸Ůˣ¸ûϵѽ

Ҿ˵˵ʩˣСŮǶġ
ཿݸһЦ
Ȼῴңʣˣܱܲһң

סһѽѾͷڻ
ͷҵϣӾҲޡ
ḧͷйʹࡣ
ƿҹյǣţұ

֪ˡ
㿴ˣڰȳ



*

ҰԹ͵ջѡΡЬӵ󵽳ׯѡЩӣ÷ȥȥջͬԹһ˷˵˻Żؼҡ

ȵʱѾˣڵģӰ

ԶҾͿſִĻȸأŹƣűߵϣʯӶ档

ˣһϲСܹ°ͳԺŬŬ

ˣһʱˡ

ҵͷ۰õţʣ϶֪ˣרŹġ

֪ˡ
ҷסȸĸ첲ߡ

ȥ󣬳һ
Ժǻסûʲô仯Ժֱ˸طƵģԺȻľͷСͤͤڷֻΣп¯ӡ

ԭȵɴȫƣԺǽ˼ߵķβ񣬻˸С԰ͷƷĵҩͲ軨¹ܾɴҲǳɫ

ε¶ͷҳȥżʱô͸ҷ˰

̧ͷȥϷʱƻͨ

Ҵ߽ȥ룬Ҳˡ

ԭȰɵļҾȫ˺ľģ䴰߶˸ܣͷϲľʷ鼮Ϸ⺣ʼֽܺһдϵֽ

Ʋڼ䣬ͷǾİβϵͷǴģͷͼոµԡͰͰҵ⣬˵¡ºЬࡣ

Ҹоֱ·ˡ
ңܹܲңҾͲطӦֱӻؾġ

ڴʱͷ
߳ڼ䣬ԭѶŸѽˡ
ɫͷڣϴ°ɫۣҵͷ΢ЦѷСϣ֣ѽ¶ˣ

š
ҵͷû

ֱЦŪ˵ɽҩŹ룬֭Һճϣֱˣԡ

Ҳ
ϰԵϴ֣ߵ¹Ǳߣ򿪣׼¡

˭֪һѽ򿪵¹סһЦͬཿӽ̷˾ôл޵ģӶ

ҳԹѽ
ε֪ġ¡


ѴңסҵӣߣǿҰϣЦʵЩÿ˵أǰÿμ㣬㶼׼һӾƲˣĴβǹԣôء

аɣлˡ
Ҵѣ˿ڣȷġ
һߺһ߳ǰȥЦߵǱߣϣоЩרעطһĲӡ
㰡ҹ
źûӦڹչСľͷɡ
һ󷳣ô£ôܷİѶڹԼѰ֣ǳҲðѶӸұ

ۺɣҿ
һЦָѣʾٶЩ

ҰȻ֣ĶȻҼҵ˱

ô°
ˣһѽӽ֭ʱһ
ҹ˲ϲȥǸӣһȻǻˮ˱ͷʻȦעּ
£ô𣿡
סŭļҾߺԺиֵˣ˱ҪܵҲ̫˰ɣ

Ƣ
Цºͣסңϻˣô죬£޿Ľš

ҡ
ӿ֡

У
ЩƤЦ

ڴʱǰȻָߵ𣺡£ٳڸԼĪһյĹܵ

ﱾл⻰Խˣ˱صӣͷڽ̷˾۸ھȻ׷ˣôõɱҰ

ͷͳˣǵģŸУҲƺҲ硣

⻰Ĩɱ⣺

ȵȡ
վֱӣУĪǸģǲǿҪҼ
ɤӣæɡ





89.  Ļ֮   ķͣ

89--Ļ֮

⻰, ۵ؿңذסҵļͷûҪͬ, ûԼ, һнޡģ޻뷨Ӻúһ, Ҫڶ

˭Ҫͬˡ
ҿѣü˼ʦһһױ˰, еĵ̧˲, ˲ٵӺͿ, Ҹл, Ҫ


Ѳ첻ѡ

ǳ羴Ϊͽ
ҷǳֱӵ˵Լ뷨, Ѹ˼ǰ˵ٴ, ˺ͺˣпܣ粻֮, ȷ, ǴҸôأ

, ѵ޲
ץסҵĸ첲, , յҸǰ, Ц޿ǻʵ, ˹ָ㣬޶мһˡ޵ĶŮǣ޶ְֽ̰, 

ͱˡ
Ťͷд˵ֽ棺ȷʵ

˵ʲô
˲ˣҼʹˡ
˵һ飡

˵
һӿ֣Щ
ǰ˵ŽģӦǸҪ׼ˣǲǵеǸ
뵽ˣҵͷԼţͷæܵױ̨Ǳߣ˺д֬ȫٽЩˮٽȡ

ʲô
Ҹǰع۲ҵһһָҪȥպ֬ˮ

𶯡
Ĵֱ֬ܵò˵㣬ŵΣѪӡ

ޡ
ѻȻָָңЦüթŮˣˣҪ·졣
˵˱ſƲƲ죬мαأһּˣοֵ۵£Ц

˭Ц˭Цȥ
ҰΪּգǸӺϴʿģ
ȻƼҼ˱Ϲʱһһѽ˱ߣ£ǰּƾʲôкһ͵ҵ˱

ⲻǹ
ײҵĸ첲ЦԼ⣬޿϶
˵⻰ͬʱһ裬ݸңЦ뿴㿴£ͬ⡣

ҵһ仰˵ôˣǰ

Һ޿˱
ñͷָ˲ᣬΪضҵ˼ǵ߰㣬ƩͲ˵Ĳֻ룬ȴ˭ҵģôȽƩ磬վ¥ҵ˻ѳ˰ĵĹȴûЩ˸޿ʱųĿ÷һ˰˰ʮģһһǧģȻˣų´ϳĸĸ԰׼˱¼͡

˿ҵŭѾˣੲݵ⻹;¥ĺͿˣе˱ٰ㿴ʵڲУ޴ӻ˲ţˡ

вУ
ʵ̲סˣ׼ͬۡ
˭֪ͷŵİߵ´£ٴˣţҪҪŽ

Ҫ
Ҫģ
ͬʱڡ

Žɡ
ҰɴѸͷѣͦذףڡˡЦæȥˡ
첽ߵſʱҹ⿪ʼһȳһգðվЩԴš

ɫһȻվˣһʼ˵ˣһ볯ҿ

һٻǸ٣òˣټʱüɫ衣
أȫ˸ƵģͷϽϴɫۣŵɫѥüбޣ񣬴ݰףĿĵָӡɴͽ棬ɴһǣɲǼ䣬ʿˡ

ʦϴɾˣǸӰ

ȿȡ
żԺ￴ЦҹǲǴӺˡ

УҲǸհԹ
ҶЩȣæٽ
ߵʱҹߵĺյٸǰѹ°ͳͷŬŬʣô£

ڴ͵Цӽ̷˾뿪󣬸ѰһĻѾ֣׼úõؽѵҲ㶫ûϴ󣬷ȺƾƣҲ֪ĸˣͬһˣԽԽͶԵ˵ԹƲʵĽźǱˣľǧˡ

ҡͷһЦͳˣ

㲻
ЦЩĴʦأñأ㻨ǧѾͷ˳ͭеԵĶҪǣס
˵ָ±µĺ룬ЦѰ˼ţ㲻һֱ߶ôⲻǸ˵׼Ժϵˣۻֻء

㾫
ЦŰ١

ڴʱǰͷŵͣ½Ųͷüʣֹ˵ʲôء

ϥһЦ˵ʲôþء
˵䣬һȳһյؼ߼ȥԺ̧ȥԺʱĵģֻȸһʯ̨£ϷԾɵƻͨŴգ·ûƵġ

һûſ񵽰ٴݣСԺдǡ

ðԺٶյƣԸȸϽȥСŪˣٰصĺþó
ɫã紵β񴵵죬ֽ԰еҩ괵䣬мʫ⡣
Цת˸Ȧͼͬ׽ʣүЩӽۼϹ˵ãʮֵ壬ʶɣՒԺӣô

Ұᣬȷÿʰ£֮ǰǸªѵӣ治˼д䡣

ԭΪ伸䣬û뵽ȦﺬĨڽҵֱӵ˵

ӵм⣬ֻŪľͤô£ӦҲŪģͷ˸¯ӣЩʫƣٸХ˲֪ա
˫ֱͷԲ£ݸǳЦҿײ͵Ŀ¯ˣϰ٣գ

бۿϷʹЦ޵Ȼ߼

ʱȸžƲ˹ˣҰŰѲһһڹµʯϣ
þ±ӣϣȾٱơ

Ƽƣͷʶһӣ˺ü輦˿ԼҹʲôˣɤӣϷŵĽУģʮֿϵ˵ϲѣұִӽ̷˾ЩƷյǸĽû°ɡ

ЦЦ΢ɴȹţѾްˣĪҪġ

Ŷ
ͷҾͷˡ

ҵʱסˣǸ
͵͵ʹ˸ɫʾٿҵĽš
ٻ⣬쳤ӣ۳£첲ͱ䣬ǸҲ߯Щɣ˵û£Ϊ˿ģѪˣ߯ˡ

ţ
üͷȥҵţ̾˿Ե˾ƣžƹһ񣺡½ҹˣµ鷳Ľţģ֮ƴķã»һе

̫ˡ
æϥһ£ЦһС˰ˣԺ̣ҴЬ

Ȼ⻰˼֮ɫͷһ

ָ˱ƣЦʶҲдû˵һ䣬ͰϵĻеƣԷ㵱ⲻˡ

˵⻰һֺˣͷ¡

þ
һЦһӣ仨ˣûʲôҪϲȥǡ

ȴ֮ˡ
üһЦٴθϥæ˼ڲˣѹȥЦ˵Ϊ̷˾ӣΨûԹģѾͷ

ǵǡ
ˮƵĺȾƣЦʮǰ̫̫٣Ԫȥи磬ʱѾͷҲ߰ɣظյ裬ʵԭûʲô飬ɵйһ֮Եʶˣ䲻ãȴҲ֮Ůӣ߯¼

ұͷᣬʱ򲻲Ѿͷһţˡ

ѾڿջƱϣúһպô죬ϣܾ߳

ɴԺ˿ƾơ

ֱѾЩȵգЦʶһӣƢԽԺã黭һ֣֪

һδ˵꣬ͱϡ

¡
˽ӵϣᷳصһۣҪߡ
Ȼƺ뵽ʲôȤ££Цָ㼸ҲǲУϲƣǺܰҺſ£Ҿͽ̣ô

ôɡ
ҵʱˡ
Ҽʮһ꣬ӹһ綼ܴܺľƹƴƣϼһ뷨Ӿܾ
ôвУʵСҽϣȾƣͬȣΣ

㣿
бңмô

ƲŮˣ
֣ȸϵСƳȥҾơ
Ⱦһ룬ŵ俴һڽһںȣҾҵĿ࣬Ҳʱ
ǿź꣬뵹ۣЦſ䣬һζûʣ

þ!
ϲԼһ˹˺˸Ĩ˰죬Цþûкôʹˣ
ƹޣϡ

һŵټ״ֹңǵôʮĻ񣬺ȶ˻¡
ٸҼüŪۣƵס죬ǸӰҲô

ͱˣ
Ҵٵ֣Цźһźȡ
ֻʹʹһҲʱ˶ӡ
ʵڿǷ˵̫ܺ࣬ΣұҪ䣡

뵽ˣҺ˺ģסϵĶĸУںȾơ
ҽƱžһϣƵĿ䡣
һ㶣Ҳû뵽һŮ˾Ȼô

ˡ
Ѿ˾⣬շ죬ָͷպ˵ƣҵЦҹĿ࿴


ٴθԼﵹϾƣȴ𣬲ܾôɺȰҸкøУôأ

˭֪һڤ˼ʱȻ˸öЦңȻǷˣǿ϶ˣ๫أβһȡ

ҴŭƷӣ˵ʲô

ǰһ˼·Ȼˣúһ£ཻ£ȨȵۣҲָ֣ˣлӷʦ
лӷ˭ǿǸˣЩطʵͦģƩ統ڵؿӯС񣬾͸ҴϷһ·׷ʱ֪ӯ䱻ϻָժдʫ¼Ҹӣ뷨跨ӯ䡭

Щ佻ȷǸлӷˣȻ˵ΪлӷɪףҪӷԣǾͲܰ˼·ͬ

뵽ˣһЦͷ䣺˭˵ҳˣʲôǰѼҲŲҪ

Ȼǰһص´ȣã˵úã½˵ʲôţˣһˣⱭ

ɣ
Ҿ𱭣һ
ģĿȲȥˡ
ӲͷƤͷ꣬һѻٸ˵㣺ʲôеӣϲ˭±ǣ˾ӡ


Цһ

ڴʱϷȻصشƷǳŭ

ͬʱ濴ȥֻӡߴ˺Ӱ

ϡ
·ʲô˲õ£˷ܣҺȻЦﻹؽء

ǽźȡ
ҪȣθȻһڣֱϴڡ
ȻϷ֨ѽһˣסҲҪ£æǰȥѳˣŰİߣýڵס
ҿʱϲŭźɣס󲽳

ټ״ŰˣҪ¡

ȿȡ
صؿгٰ֣ʾվԶЩ
ޡȡ
߹罫´¶ţһӣʯϣƣͷһȻ󽫾ϣʱĵһǡ

ǡ
ü۽ЦȤң°ϰţλ̨ôоеء
ϸƣȻ¶ͷЦԼȶˣӳȴѣЦңˣСӣŶԣĻ֮

ͷԽˣ־ţôˣ⻰᲻
־Ҿ£üһЦѽ

βҲ۹⡣
Ȼȸˣؿѣʣ̨ôƺ

͡


ͣ
ü

ķ͡
ңݺݵغ˿ھơ

Ŷ
ȻƵĵͷ˱һ
ȫȸˣͷˣͲӽԺ죬ȻŤͷңһֳס°ͣһָԼκЦҲˣұһ඼ͼһ㣬Ȼܻˣǰɣ㿴զܲҲֵһСӣ





90.     

90--

ʲôҵСӣ
⻰, ҵʱҾǺסˣſͿͨ³

ʲôЦ
С۰ס̵Ķͷ, ˾䡣

ͬʱ, ͵ŵѣô, ˵򶨵úܣȻû, ﺬĨڽ, ҵĿӳԲˡ

һ輦˿, ͵, ƿĿճ⣬ؽ˿Ž, ͳĨɾ˿زֲ֣´, Цһ仰˵

պȻ, ˡ
˿, ָƬ, ͷ, ʮؽԼϲɾ, Ӵս, ЦӯӯûЦ, 㿴ô

Ϯһʱ䣬Ҷֲϵζ, ϵġ

б۳ȥöǺ΢Ц·ڵôظ
ȻҸھƳڽ֪أҺȻϷˣ졣

š
΢΢ζеӰˣֳס°ͣһӣͷЦѽ

˭֪һ䣬صؿ˼
ȿȿȡ
Ŭǹҵͷ̧֣˸ָʾȸ˺ȸˣȥϷѶ˳ȥСѾ

ûһȸ˫ѳˡ
ѽӹԺ˿ڣЦ˵ţ䣬ŷȣҨ˿ɽҩιҿУոȾԵ㶫ϴˮ裬ЩϢ

ҽŤͷѧ䷽ץ˿⣬⵱ѵԵЦҾͲιġ

úúãǾͲԡ
һЦңҵ֣

˵ϵܰ
˫ۻססѣһҡͷһֵͷЦôԽԽ㡭
˸ö˵ҷǳһ˺ϵζһģһ

üһǸ˭

⻰ҵľ˲˴롣
⹷ӣ϶·˵ԽĻȻˡ

ⲻУֻ˺ɥһǧζ
뵽ˣæʹ˸ɫ
ٻ⣬§ס䣬ס죬Ц޵ĿɲôǴμܣҪǺ޵ʱ첻ˣǸˡ

ʲô㡣
ѿƿ٣ص˦ӣﲻ˵

ߡ
ѵˤڵϵ٣˫ȻطϣȻ˵֣ҶǸҲͦġ
ţѴһЦĪǣ㲻˵

ʲôҵġ
ѿڶڵСʵ

Ҵ󾪣˰˳ɣʯӣ䣬ˣʲôƴƣ˵㻹ǲǸӣҲǿذɡ

ݸǳЦץסҵ֣ĦȰοң˵Цôء
˵´һɵºţЦ䣺ԵԹԣʲôԵأϴ

ʯϣЦųѹָͷ㸽͵͵㡣

Ĩ·ϵζʳָ±ӣչȥ

ʱҼֱľУҲô
׼ֹ緢ʱҺȻζһЦսѶߣ˿ش

˲㿪ְס䣬ض䡣


죬дǷ֣Цƫ㡣

Ѱ䣬ϵľ룬ͺһڡ
أȻѲûʲôȤȵ۾Щ죬ͷңƤЦˣ׼£ܲܵСӣ

ҾδŷƵؿڣ첲ѼͷҡָУõġ

Ȼ⻰ǹĨǳЦʳָҵıӣг⣬ָпҵɴιңȴбۿ䣬ʳᾫڲϸҼҷˣЩ㿷Ʋ۵ġ

ҽ⣬Ц
ѣŵ˵ڿĻ

·ûѵļ´ѣЦңôѵȲͣʲôã

һʱ䣬Ҿ֪λ
ܲ˵ǻʵۣиӰɡ

أ˵˵¡
ѻסңĦҵıЦҵĶãġ

ʵ⹷ĻʶδƳûʾ֭˰죬ȻƼʯϵѣЦѽ

׼˵ˡ
˭֪͵һգۣɻ󣺡
ʹҡͷĿƣѵЦʷ˵Ǹˣת֣ԭϵҲǸģ

Ҷʱͨ죬޲ҸطȥŤͷѣˣȭͷ߬סõĽûз𣬵һЦ˺üҾƣȶˣЦʺڷ˸ǰ


һֲ´󣬿ضЦϵܣҪˣҹĦĦ

ٺԣҲŭˣһѽϣŭH

ҲûգЦĨ˰бѣŶˣԭʲôף

ʵ޿̣˺üΣƺҪҡͷЦͿˣ͸Ӷ졣
䣬ңҲƼˣ˵УİѺӽ̺ϰְɣġ

룡
ӵƹޣҧӣ˹ͺڣмøԲѵˣȻ˵дĺãд֣ơ

Ѱ䣬ûᡣ

⻰Ȼͷæȸȥֽ
ȶҽֽƽʯϣպīյݸѣջأҹۺ䣬Цʳ֣дĶȲϣˡ
˵ͬʱҰѱʵݸ䣬Īд֣úýһʡһֱſԴ󡣡

һάʮֵ⣬ҡҡλεվߵҸǰʣʵؿңʣдʲôأˣġ

ҲλζסԴԴϷĶģпϣüһЦôŰɣд

á
ְסʯضֹˤһסʣʹֽףֽôأ

ʹ´ȣԼЩ䣬ԸոΪӣ㾡ȫ黭־Ϊ֤ƽԪҹ

ˡ
佣ü𣬹Ȼ˳д
дӵһߣת˸ȦסӣĵǰžһֽϣЦſҺѣ۰ɡ

ֻб۳£мһ˵Ц

ϲæչȥ룬ȻǴңͷᣬдǳƯ֣ط漫ƣ͸ֽ
Ҳ˲ʲôܻ䣬ץƹޣѧ͹ͨƴ£Ūʪɴ¡

ܸоȱʲô
ҾҲˣֹסѵĲӣ㿴Ǳдĺá

ѺңúúãҺã۲˹

ʱһɪɪĨ⣬ǰӺ滷ס䣬Цɲȱӡ
˵⻰ͬʱٶ֣仳ָͷСĺӡ£߹˿ŵץס֣˵֣ôʼд˺֣øǸӡ

ǣ
Ц˵һӡ°ֽϡ

˲䣬Ҿͽ־ݳߣ˫סɫϸ˷ܵ˺ö¡
ҵֱָޣԸҪʵˣƴȾû׷ѡ

ʱѻסң˰ɣǻȥϢٺˡ

ҵͷѻסվ

˭֪ߵʱҿҡҡλεܹǰЦʣˣʲôʱܵңкȻð뷨Ҫһʢҹͼģر𼱣ȥɣھʹߡ

˵䣬ǰץסҵĸ첲Ҫｫߡ

ڴʱһţʱͽ߷

Ťͷۣʹѡ
ô£ɫѿ

ôĵӣ
ŭץסֻƹޣҪҡ

䣬ʮģϡ
ѽرסңۿ䣬ڽʮʱ븸Ұͨ飬·㸸ĸΪס㣬Ҫ˽´˰ϣǿд߰ϣû뱻ץס䷢Ϊᣬأ𳤣š

ƮƮģ̧ȥԭͿ˵ʱɫúܲûץȾƹޣһأƵʱɢ

˺оѣľŮˣʮʱݣʶʱӺϣƭϸ飬úΪȢɷ˽ᣬȫ.㻭ɷ֣Ҫ⸾ҲǸͿģƹˤЯϸҵ㣬˽ܾˣԾ
ѲسЩʵ

ҸоԶֺܽκ䣬ҿˢһ°ˣٷףҲٷԷЩô֪

ߡ
ЦָԼͷȽϺʹͿ¶
˵⻰ͬʱѽұЩԷҵüһЦʮ켣¥ݣһнµཻܣ㿴ϻսͬ.˯˽ңջúѪ

죡
Ҳ֡

ˣһ֪ܶء
ЦĶţ°΢΢̧𣬽Ůϳ˿⼸ʮһֱϷŪİŮˣֱ˱ӦҲŮͼԶڽ̷˾أɢǧӡɣ˽壬ƷУôûƽӹ۷ˡ





91.  ȶƬ   й

91--ȶƬ

Ҵδ, Ӧ˵Ƿŭ
ںȸˣһͷ, ܿ, ɫԣֻڶ̶̵˲, оֹʮζ

ĿɿڴצҪͬƴ
ת·ڻԼ, ߶ƽӹ, ֲΡΡ̧, Ŀ, 㶵ضԼ˫֣
ţʹҡͷ, һЦһŮȹĺСֶʲô
Ȼǳɫ, ȭͷ߬ס, ·һ̾Ҫ˹ˣ
, ϵĺȥ, ȻһЦ, ʣûˣҵıӦ

ʱ, ƺЦ

п, , ϸƣ侲ס, Ħҵĸ첲زһԣһֱƣռһӣʵ˭ѣҪԴԴϵĸ񣬻Ůô⣬ѫ󸾡Ҥ潣㹼ˣԼô

ƱƼˣȵǶԸġ

û
΢Ц㳰ЦޡЦСˣأʱżѵûСûǾǮ㣬ʲôѧաʲô
ѵͷҵĶЦýůűģͷҲص뿪ĻһĲֵٴҼҷˣ϶Ͷġ

ŭ˺üΣƺҪʲôһ仰û˵ѿã˼ؿһۣ˦ӣšﳤȥ

һԵټ״˸Ƶ׷ȥˡ



СԺٴλָ˰µĵƵҴԺǣҹƴ˻·Ҫյβ֤ͣԼĴڡ

ƿѣ˼µɴ£˼ڡ
ͷ̫Σе£ʯϣƣ̧ۣǰȥҲժ£۽üҶд˵⣬ӯس
ȦʯϾƲˣѧҷץ⣬ؽţЦˣɫˣҲϢˡ

˵⻰Ӳ֣ץҵĸ첲

ᷳ˦ЦбҪô

ʲô
գգۣЦʡ

װ
ץƹޣͺ˺üڣŰӲ˵̻ſˣαص˼ҵĶ̣˼۸öʼԼĻǲһĲֵˡ
أȥĳϦҹʹرҰ˵ܽӾѰ˵ܵķ財Ƴ
ûҪ
ﷳƣֺͨƣҺòײץסͬͽ⣬ˣ·־ݡºˣˣֻⱲӶ֣ܽдһ֡

ΪһҪ
Ѱң߾ƣҲ˼ڣҲˣǸ֣һ̻ˣô˵ܽ

̻ҽ̻
ҾӿֻоԽԽȣðͷɴ˺
ʱֻżĨأֲϵǰȷ磬ż汻ߣʵүţ

ˡ
ץסҵĸ첲ǿнҪק

˦ûվȣһƨ˵ϡ
㻹֪Ϊʲô𣿡
Һҵ˺ͷҡһȫڷˮ£ɢһ
Ҽϲ
˵˵ţҿƲס͵ˣؿڵıҿˣƷвôˣʲôˣǾǸˣ

˫ָסԸо̡
ĨƺСˣŪЩһѽ˲е˷ɡ̹

ʲô
Ѵŭӵϼɴ£ҪǿϹ
ʲôë޻ûˣƷѹѵŮˣ

ң
ᷳƿ𣺡ܾˣ
ѣθп콫ûֻоƮƮģҪƮƵģסۣʹѣô
Ҽûָͷ
ֵָθѿм˰ûƾ˰ʶԺӺáְָ鷨ָͷܳôôˣҲ˵£ǻʵۣҡҶӡҵܵܡҽҵӯ䡢ҵ÷򡭡ƿ¹ӣ˵ô죬ȥѣȥ㻹ҵֶܵܺһԼĶӶסô죡

СľͷҶﳤСľͷ

ôޣ
Ȧˣ̧𣬰סҵļͷ

ң
ҼŴ֣ʲôй.Ľǣ㰮ϧԼΪƽǰ󹬣㲻ٰ֣̽ңаҲʺʲôҾҪҶӣ㻹Ұ
ʯǱ˹޾ƣֺʮڣȵ̫ţȲȥԳһЦû¶ⶼʲô¶ֻҪҶ֣һӵһùĳʲôɡһ¼һΣǰÿʮĸıҵŻ׼

ˡ
߹̾˿Ҫ߾ƹޡ

𶯣
ҽӽڻôƶҺȣ
ҹֺ˼ڣȻһЦҷ·֪Ϊˣģѹܻ˲䱻ƽ룬ʹܼܶࡢܶ࡭
Ҳ֪ԼĶԾͶʯϵһֻƣҲ֪ôˣץֻ룬ƽʯϣ֣ȥһ¾ͰָͷҳѪˡ

Ǹʲô
Ѵ󾪣һж룬ӵһߡ
·һŭԼ˺Ұָͷס޵ش˼ҵıң㵽Ҫ

Ҹ
һЦ̧֣ḧĲָͷ

Բ𡣡
ѺȻ˵ô䣬ʹ࣬һѱסض˵Բұ˺Լ

𿪡
ҸоܣƿСܵǰַס
ʱˣҵıҵˮڡ
Ҹսӹĸˡ

˰죬̹ˡ

ôվţ˭˵

ұϷȥ

ſϣסĲӣ°͸ͷش

ѽ
ص̾˿һЦްô찡

ôˡ
ﷳ˳ִͷ

Ƣ÷ôʮġ
Ц˾䡣

ߡ
ִͷ֧Ųס̱ϣڻȥǰЦҺ÷奺õúܣʮྴûܡͺú۸Ұɡ



*

淢ʲôȫûӡˣԼǵ˺ܶΡ

ٴѾˡ
ɴսڴĽϡ

ֻоͷʹѣθ۵ýɷǳ£˺þã΢ѹŤͷȥʱһˣڴϣڷɴӣǰϴᱡ¡

ֺȻĵۣȥָͷˣܿѪô£
ôˣ
䱻ߺ󣬷ʲôأعôʱߵģ
һۣˣǶˣ

ԽԽͷۣҿ﷢ɣҪ´ˮȣȻӲĶͷȥͷǰŸ̽СС

ʲô
æ򿪣һúõĺڷ۵õĲ

˭ͷ
ҵģѵģǱʲô˵ģ

ֱ۲·̵ĶͷͼԼ΢侲ЩȻǷǷǳÿпױдȻӡҴһ

֮øԷնӸָβѣָگصúԸӡպ󣬸߼ҸӲ۷һѿƽԪʮҹױ顣

дگһʱٸнҲ˴롣
֮ƽϢȺϵţǳ纺һʺ污ˮУʱˡ

Գۣ統̫ʱǰԳޣⲻǶҵԵݣҰ˵ܸ֣صǸ

⡭ʶô




92.  Ñ   ͦθڵ

92--Ñ

˺ܾ, Ҳʲô

ͦεġ
û뵽Լƺʧ̬ѹ·á

ϳ˵ҪȾ, ΪƻͿ, Ӱ˵жϺ;ߡ
ºϸ룬ԭǾƺ, ԭҶôԹ

ʱ, Ҳװگ̽, ʾ֭ز²⵽ʲô˼, ̽ƣ

תһ̾, ңʲôֵƵġ
ôҹΪ, ڵǸڹɡ

ԭҴ㽫گ͸˵ܣӵģһ, ˵һȫˣ˶ӵ, ˿С, ʧ, ǿɾͲˡ
, Ľͽ, æ, һҲ, 뻹иܳ棬ס˵ܸһ



ӾϢعȥˣھѮ, ּ˶һء

СľͷȰ¼Ǵֱ˸ô֣Ȧ
˽ҵѯʣ˵ԴϴСľͷǲǵò󣬱°г˷עչСľͷһûвʲôԾĵطֵǣԴʼСľͷķ֢״ûˡ

ɣһ޾ϸչСľͷԺӵһϲһ䡢ǲвʵܸоģѽΪʲôȴʵڵġ

͵͵ңұͬ֡Ҳᣬһн˭Ǹ˺СľͷŹˣλݶߣǿʢԸСľͷֻˮǱ˰ôǸ˷ʱ֣պ󻹻¶š

ҴƴȸһʱСľͷĴ顣
ǹСңƲֲȱˣǲвŮǹźӵϡ

ɺܶҲ뷨ʱȨ̫ǻʵܵˣĳ̶ֳҲֿʹĿǰһʱδָ֣оһճ١

ھµ׵ʱȥŵİƻˡ

ϳ˻ţȻȥ̫ҽˣѸߣټϵǱȵģٻذҽʣ˵ûӣƾЩ֢״ȷʵӤĸױֳĲٹ۲һʱ䣬˯ϲأǻУǾͲԾˡ

ĩˣϳֲ˾䣬ЩڹĹҲδƳлᣬ԰Ѻӱȥö̫ҽƣϾϳǧСƣóľö

ҿźʻţлϳºͶ̫ҽƤϳ£Ȼ޷سܲܽ뵽ءСľͷƽµˣһ˰Ҳûˡ

۳Ͷ٣ûţ˰ȥ˳㣬·ݵʱ򣬰̽һཿۿתٸѾͷЬࡣ
ûཿҴӽ̷˾ûգ͹һȥͶȥˣ֮ǰŽݣ˵֮꣬ǧһ塣

֪µĿ࣬Ѿͷⲻָָ㣬ҵûҪֻϣһ˳մӹȥĲ߳

˵ҲˣźǵӲ׽Ӱ£ҾҲ˳С;¥֬ǳǻԴҵԬ֮󣬽ϺȻֺüҡ¥ͬ͵͵߼ۣҼҵĴ

˵ʵҷǳģһ϶ģ£ǰ;¥ˣ
˭֪⻰˼һЦ˵һҶ׳壬ֻкܶҶʼôŻ̻

һʼһΪȻ
¥Ľ֤ٵĻȷģһȳΪʱ˵ĳʳ
Ҿȹ£Ǯôʱٿһҷ̣ҴԼһ˵ٺٺϻ



ӣҺѵĹϵ΢ͣ벻ʱ˴

æ·ѾʼÿնڸԱ־ʵʩȻܵ˺ܴͲó߹ٺһ⵽ķԡһֹԱΪսҸոƽϢϢ污óȻǻ𳯾ֶ

֮Ҳǽͷöȥ󹬣ԭȷƻҲݸˣż͵гȥСҹʹʹ˯һû֮ǰĹʹϲ䣬ǹصúܡ

֪ڵȣҳ״Сľͷ߳Ȼٴν

Ǿ͵Űɡ

ǣϢģȻҲ

ңǵðʮҹҼкȸߺ󣬽ݵĳڿ࣬շߺ֮£ȥ
˵ڵȥ̷˾˽ˣӴʧ֪Ӱ
˵ײΣ籼ɥȥˣ
˵ڳصǸꡱ̤ļУǱȥˣ
׵ģ˵ƺ쳾ͷȥˡ

һʼһʵ˷Ѱˡ

ȷʵʹѣû뵽⻰мһ˵Цˣ˵ںһµ˹ȥʧݡ

ϸѮҲǾʮȻ;¥
·˸Ƶģû˾ζݣŽۡͷϴڣԼʰ޵øɾ
Ȼһֶˣ˷׷ӿ¥λ˵еĴҺģԿûֻܲ

ԭΪ仹ڽ̷˾ǰ㱩û뵽˽˸Һ˵ԼԾƣھ¥˸ż䣬ÿհʱҲҪˮֻһһСˣټһë⣬һʱ飬ʱ׼ʱ뿪ס£ˡ

ô´š
˵׼ʢҹͼشھ¥۲̻˼䣻
˵Ϊ˿ˡϾ˹ϵǳƣ֬ϵƱ˰ɲǳʦֱô

ԴˣʵҲе㻳ɡ

һ˵Ҷæ⣬ʱǰȥ;¥Ѳ꣬ÿĪͬк߸ͺСʱѸ뿪ͬһ߾¥˵

ʱҾãҺĳЩе񣬾һ˵



ʮ³壬ʱҴŰƺȸȥʰ֬æһգ컹û͸ͽ¥ϡ

ҲԺЩĵɫӣ֧ҡֻ֦Ľӣֺһֱɴйأ죬ҵһ㶼ûɹڣƺȥЩ

콥Ի˻ͦ࣬¥Źζʳָ󶯡

һǰ㣬վڹ̨˱ɨۣһ¥Żĸٹˣ̸ЦǶԶ¥ĳһָָ㡣

˳ǵĿȥ¥սǸ谵ֻƿһķ죬ʱ棬֪ڿԲˣڹ۲ܿܿ͵͵ҡ

ʲôء
ҡͷһЦŪ̡
ڴʱҺȻƼ꣬ʮһģұӱߵĳأÿҼ
΢Цų̨еĿվƺ£͵գգۣЦ˺á

ѽ
ЦʣָǴƣ

ǡ
æӦ

ЩջƣСֵҪҪ򣿡
˵䣬Ҵӹ̨ƳߣЦھƽСֵܸȡɡ

ߣҷ⺢ʱʱ¥ƺѰʲôˡ
Сţߵûʱһǰǵסҵ֣ЦСң衣

öӣùû
סߡ

ûء
Цֺ棬ϲԡ

šæԸȸ»ã⣬𱬳ˣٳ»ƼŹӣöȹͷ

ЦŴȤǲŹھ¥ͽŴƵͷ͵͵䷹

ǡ
΢죬ҪˣԲסػͷ󿴡
裬ǲˣ

Űɡ
Ӧ
ݺӣ˸ţ裬ʵն̣һ׷ۡ

衭
϶裬˿ڣԥԥؿңƺʲôҪ˵ûסʣ˵Ϊ˼¥ģǸǸֶ롭

֪뷨ǳ羴䡣
ʱԴΪͽѽĵףԥˣһҼТ˳ִӱֶ̳ɷô죿
̧֣ḧͷ¸ҸƷõô


֣öĿİͰˣǱƹ裬ûܵĵӣ͡

ôϲ
һЦʡ

š
΢죬ͷ£ų裬֮ǰһֱٵĿ飬ʹøúŻģʵϲ֡

̾˿кȻһ
ʵѧգѧʦգһǷ
뵽ˣҴЯСɰͳֽ򿪣ƸЦչȾƣ֮࣬˵Ϊͽ־أȥǳѾõ˵ġ

ؿңһĲš
⺢ӵͷȥ־ݣȻ˸ͨ죬ļ򶼲ˣ͵ĸˣ⡢ּ

š
ЦŵͷϽȥɣʱͻ뿪

ԣ־վ𣬿ɺܿ£ͷִԼ½ǣң裬ȥ

ҡһЦѵðҼͬ
ڴʱȸŷ˽ˡ
ҰŽ˺ãȻӳƿջƣͷȳţ԰պƿȥȥкϢȥ㡣

˵⻰žƺȹӣǰõľ¥ȥ
¥ݵʱҵĽŵֱΪҲûӦûģͬ˵

ߵſڣ˼ţȻûõӦ
ЦЦðſڵţԹŽȥȥķϣϵ綼ˣ°ɫֱ֣ԽԵ׿Ⱥ
ʱǰδС˺һյðű飬ζؿ

춯̧۳£ңЦЦδ֮ǰȥƽطһҳ飬Ҿ֪

ڵң
üһЦСԲϣϷӣԼ˱ջơ

䲢δش⣬ԳУò˵˾䣺˵㡣

ô
ƿɴ˿ھƣͬʱסش䡣
ýҿġ䡱ɾ˺ָܶ࣬޵Ķ̶ԲйɺŵġӢ㡱ϴ˫Ь˳ȾﻹǵǸƿꡢİŮСķӡ
˵ӽ̷˾ȥˣڻʢҹͼǶ˵뷨ͨˣ
ЦɨǰǱ裬Ȥƶˣ

š
ͷ΢Ц˿ڣȻҿ˵ɡ
Ȼܻˣƣ⻹öлˡ

Ŷ
üһЦ

ס飬ǳЦ³ʶ˺дΪĲ顶ݴʡǰñˣڷ˽ű仨󣬽ֻ˷Ϸݡ׸߼ˣЩӵȷڻʢҹͼʵ뻭ǡ

˵ȣҵСȡ

뻭ʲô
Ҵ䲻Цʡ

С
бң裬һ

ôڻ
װ

ȱˡ
˼ؿңûԹԸ豭˵ˮ

ݸǳЦ
ڣӦΪǰǰôŮʮ궼ʮʱʱˡ
ȣָĦűضһЦҲͬͬЦôǼǺڿ࣬鷳

˵ûұǸӡ
ָ鱾ֱ׵ңأԸԸůֻĻʣ
˵⻰ʱһֻٴҵСȡ

£΢ЦžܾӦòͬ⡣


䴹ԼĲҶͬ˵ȻҹֻǴҴһ棬¶λӡͦġȸ߹ԴϬ̫ǣټϲĿʾˣԼǸݵĸԹɡ
Ȼ̧ЦſңһԵֶϸ㣬ֻҹ͵͵ˡһѹˣ鶼޷õ㣬Ҳƽɡ

⻰˵ĿˣأҾȥദʱ̺ί
ұͷᣬص̾˿
ڴʱҿ˹ƺҪҡ
˲䣬͵һ£գǸְ

أ⶯ֻЦЦ
裬Ҿ˱˼ڡ

ס񣬴Ӻɰͳ־ݣԥãŵҪҪ俴
ʦԸһֱǷ⺢ӣ
ƣǸΣյˣΪҷ֣ĳ̶ֳϺͦģҵھ¥ʲô£侲ԳֵѸ˰

õʲô
ֱ˲ӣۣЦԭ־ݡˣ㻹ǼҪ½Ǹô

üһô

ûӦ鴧ָм־ݣһԵߡ

һįȻԸ⡣
˭֪ߵſʱȻͣ£δͷºͣҲԣҪÑ

æվЦܿۡ

ҲҪֻһٷʱҼ
ָ̧֣Լҡ΢΢ͷЦҲϣǸͣͦθڵġ




93.     ۶~

93--

ߺ, ˾¥ã÷˵, ⺢Ӹ˵, ҵĸ첲ı˵ˡ
һҪ׼Щʲô, һʲôѣСú˵, ֶڷ

æ˵㽹, һй׼, Ҫװ, ȥ¸ҹҡ

ʦǴ, ܲȥҲ̵֪ʲô̶ȣǵͬӸһ¡

ҸокܶҪ׼, Ҵҳ˼ڷ͸ϻؼˡ

ԭΪ, ҹҵ, ж, ѿ϶Ӧ, ٲҪ嵽ͬСһ, Ҫôǻ֮ǰ, д, ôӴҴ

ǣ·ѹ֪Ƶ, ûҲûдʲôĶ

Ҳû˼Ϲ£ʱչҰ˵ܸ¿ˡ
Ҵ˼ͰǸ⣬ҲϲЦտ˵ֱԭš
ΪӡУַȪͩܵʿǿ㣬ʲô׹ݡ߹Թվ񶼲

Ͼ˼ϻؽ̵ǻʵۣٹҵлӷ磬̨Ƕء

˵ܾãܲʦðˡ

£ȥ׼Ñ׼ѧ鷿

ǽ˺Сƣ˼ˣлҳҹ
СŮȡأһдůϻ֮⣻ҵͬͬϣΪСֶŮĹˡ

ĵĽ㣬Ȱҷſģֻһ϶ҵġĽѾ˸ˣ˵Ǹк˵øʲôƵģĽȴЩѹҪŮճɸá

ҹˣ˯ȥˡû˵ӣϱһˣ˲ˣ˸С׵¿ȥˡ

ʵһͦĽϱġ
ɷºͿӲմǲݣٿ࣬ҲŮ˺ͺӣһҲһݼҵ

ӹ̤ʵġ

棬Ҽϴ£Ͻȥ˯

첻Ҿˣ𴲺󣬰ȸͰҲ
ԺӲֻ࣬ס׼ȸСƫѳӲҶֻίȸˡ

ҺͰ˳Ƚ˸˳ߵĻƻľܣӵȥܷм䣬ðȸ崲ױ̨ӵȵס

̫ܿգðȥ˵֣ܵЩľʷӼĲ鼮ڹЩɺϬǰڼܲ˸

ʱҳ˼ӵ£ָϽȥ׼Ķ
СʱŮ̹ڽӯʱҲؽƸʦҲ֪Щʲô

£

һδӹ֧˶Ϻõֽ˼ʮ֧桢зͶ̷Ǻʣ̺īʯࡢɰϣֽ̨״ɵëձԼţ¹ȵȡ

ֹŽȥ

صʱѾˣ˵ܺ綼ˡ
ЩһĶĿɿڴ˵ĦŶӵͷĳԺһҪúТ˳裬ֱȶ׶ӻá

Ц˾䣬ʣʲôǺϽ»ٶӣǶ֧֡

ҿ°˵׼İʦ۲ˡӡ춹桢Բʮݵ׼˸ʵĽУͷװʮСԪԼ֧ضǺʣһ֧ǳˮľһ̴֧ľģζŨ¡

ǽһ鷿ʰ޲ϴ˷׼㰸ŵ¯ǰЩӢ㡱ѬӣīֽͰʦúúͷѾʼбʱˡ

ԭ˵¿Ӱʦ˳Ҳύ䡣ɰƺȻ˵˵ܼҵĶԭҴ̫̫ȥĽլ˵ĽҪסͷ
ϱѾСŮȥĽˣʷû̫̫߲ƣĽĶѾʹ̫̫ˣϱ³£ԽжСӸϽȥҹ档

˵£Ҳٴˣæ׳ȥĽˡ

ҲĵҪںլŮˣ̫̫ܿ˼
ǺĴĽؼҴǼ٣ûѸжиԼ棬ʱ̫׷ˣ̫̫ȫĸĽ㲻ؼҷΪɣѰƣĽ㲻Ŀţǿһʬ¡

ҸϽȸ뷨ӽ֪ͨĽͬʱðư٣棬Щְԣװƴȥ£Ƕ񸾴ˡ

ĹãʦˣҪȥ

סȾϢ

ԼĪһʱƿӱ޸ϻض˵ûˣȻͷǰ²һ̫̫˵ͷ㣬ȥʷãһʼ˼䣬ֱӽǿвĸҲʲôˣŴɨѺ̫̫̫̫ˣû򣬵ȴ˰ˣˣֱӽ˽ӡ
ʱҵЩװҴطȥˣ¿ͷظ˼䣬ʹ̫̫ˡǴˣЩūǶĶ֣ûþͱƷҲʱʷͰүϻȥˡ
ʷܵñŴӺʹ޵ÿŭ˵˴̫̫һ⣬µȫ쵽ǽׯڲǻأ̫̫֡˲ܶȫ

ҹ˲ЩϸڣæĽͺ޴󰭣

˵ʷд̫ҽƣ̫ҽ˵̥Һû죬ȼҩУٶˡ

ⷬ˿
תһݸǳЦĽȥô˳ܣûֶΣһˣ˵ܵҲߣʼˣƩε£ǰ㶯̥Ҳ֣϶ȥŶӿһͰѴ̫̫ú޻֮

ģҪЩ۸ˣ˭֪Ӷء

ÿĽû£ͺ£ܷŹҡ



Ѿʱˡ

仹ûҴҴææϴ˸裬Ϊ֣أػѣ˭֪ͷʱȸ˵Ѿſˡ
Ҳ˲ϴΣҴ֧ɴʹȥӭˡ

ʱѾ绹Űյȣ촵ԺеĹˣŨСԺ

ҺվԺСűߣŤͷһƣСӽżˣ۶Լ⣬߶ţãСԲԣôѶܵ˵ˣϣô˵أˡ

һЦסСӣôţֲϻġ

š
æӦ

Цʣһͬ裬ô˵

ȻһЦ˵һĽ飬ʲôҲ˰ɡ

öӡ
Цͷڴʱҿƴͦοʵ˽ˣ䡣
Ϧ£Ϻϼܲ䴩װɫĽۣͷż͸£΢Цö½ǣɡ

̤һصĺϼ

ô˲䣬һ¡
ѹҸԼͬǰЩŮûʲô𣬲ĳʱ䡢ĳҪʱĴ̼ˡǱƭˣǹȥʮ궼ڹˡ

΢Цţϥͬʱ˰죬ϽĸͷлԸΪͽ

ԣ½ʦ֪ȴûӦ
ֻǵƳ˰ѺӣŲδͣ£ֱǰߣǹֶ˻֣Ц²̫ϲ˹δ̫Щ

һ䣬ŪеΡ
Ҳû⣬׷ȥ鷿

ʯ̨׵ʱȻͣ½Ų˿˼¿ңЦȷû㡣

֪˼ǣǸθڵķڡ

롣
Ҳӭ鷿ͬʱȸͰϽƵơ

³ۣܻΡīƷ㹻ʾҶ԰ʦµ棬Լء
뵽ˣб䣬˴ĨǳЦ·ͷİûжȤ


ЦŽŵںãϽ档
ʵҲþôףôǰ˵ھͺˡ
ӲͷƤ¯㣬ЦܸĹݾ衣

֪վûüһҲ߯ˣָԣʦˡ

æȻȦһ죬ʧ

ɾڴʱǰǰĦźӵͷЦᷢܳȻ˼ټĺӣ±ض̣ɺӣȥдҿ
˵⻰΢΢߲Цھͽ̣ҪĦô


һ㶣֣³ʳȥԵʲô

˿С
𣬴źǱȥһվţһЦҪȥ㵱ô

΢Цϥ񣬿첽˳ȥҲˡ
ӣ׼Сߣ͵ؼ֮ǰ˵ķħﻹǵģҼôƺŮˣŵе鷿ͷϣ׻ЩʲôЩʲô

ɻû䣬ȻЦк͵ʦѧտɲãôҲΪʦðµǿһŮӡ

˲վֱӣţЦлֻ̧ϧǸ͸˵ˣϲӣԵһȤûС



û͵ԼȥСԶˡ

ʮµзãȺ棬ʮֻзưȻðưɱ㣬ôнƺ㣻˵Ģӡ峴۲ģͷ˸

æһգһ㶼оۡ
Ϊһжˡ

ģҾͿġ

ʮҹﵽ׺ðԺ֧̿裬հѷ˰ںãֻ鷿֨ѽһˡ
̧ͷǰȥһǰһͷ߳
ֻӡƵķɵСһˮֽ˵ǰ֡


Ц֣ҸǰְС½б۳䣬ʣʲôˡ

ɶ
۶ǳ羴֮飬ٴγһ񣬶Ц̺ôѡʺֽϸַַź֣źд˺öء

ôѽ
ЦųͷɨʳӲϵī̷÷

˭֪һδ˵꣬ͱϡ
⺢Ц˲ˣ˵ϰͬһ÷ҪȥߵջȥĹá
һ˵ţһ󳷣ͬһ֣컶ϲȥˡ

ЩĻȥ
æ׷˳ȥû׷б۳ȥѾſӴá
ߣʲôϰͬһ÷ǹ֧ӣְɡ
һˣһ֪ǵ˼
ЦЦת󲽳ʯǱȥľףԸҨЦʣͷˣ˿ɻ⣿

㡣
˿⣬ЦԲ飬ǸӵȷʴӱзǳСѧӣףܾһʱձسɴ

ģ
ҴϲֱȳۻҪˣҪ£ͬ˵䣬ȻƼĨ
Ҫſͬ׽
ϥһЦţͲˡ

˵䣬Ҹȸʹ˸ɫ̷ǰ
򼲲鷿ȥ뿴ڷŵһʱдЩʲô˳ʰ±ī
ҹȻϰʮд˵ֽ̨ǰ֧δɵǺʣȥȻдһֺ鷨ƺֲ𿪣ӽṹ
һҳҳдϵֽѰ˼Ŵ˽Щֽȥѧӣǵϰдĵãպ෭˼Ļ졣

ȻһҳŲһֽ
ֽϻ˫۾з飬Ҳ⡭ҵ۾
Һ˾Ȼڽ̺ͬʱ˼òңøĵͽӡϸϸȥ˫۾ǰ״ʣγԳдġ۶ġ



¥ū޴次۴⣬ǰ⣬
ҹ˼ǵã̲©

һ⣬״дŮʱü۴ĳ次ͻЩۣǼ
ֽϣҧ´ˡڹ

ڴʱһ̧ͷȥ߽ˡ
ԶҽЦеҸǰʲôû˵ӱʼȡ֧ʣˮаѱʷ󿪣պЩɰǾ䡰ҹȦסҸǰգңʮ𣬷˵񣿡

ˡ
ңһ˯įҪҪµԼ㻵¡

Ҳûж㿪ӱʼ֧ǺʣպīЦˣʶˣָˡֻϧ檻ͭٶʲôʫδʣСʱաʫʵڲʲô˼̽¡

ð
ݸٴδսңҪҵĸ첲ϡ

ۺס۶ġдס󡷣

Ƥ˶ǡ
˶ǣΪ!
гݣ˶ֹ
˶ֹٹ!
壬˶
˶񣬺!

дװãȻ֪Ц䣺ʫʲô˼ѽ֪ô

ζؿңüһЦʳܣȥءˣô




94.  ڿ   ʮ״

94--ʮ״

ﰵľ㡣
, ЦȻûʸ̨ϡ
Ȼ, Ҳе㲻Ծ, ﲻ֪ʲôʱյƣֻϵС̨
ҷװдµס, ɲ֪˼, , ϵӢȴһסҡ

ҾЩС, , ɫȡЦѲʹˣ۾Ҳ, ǵôս֣ܿ

ֿν˿ɵá
˶٣, յҶߣ˿, ૣ˴ÿ, ȸϷɡôдţ
˵⻰ͬʱ, Ŀ, ϴ, Ц, «ָи, 纬쵤ϸ˫

Ųһ󲽣㿪, ܵĳȡ֧򣬵ϣʱ˼֡
카Ů˵ֶΣ
ǰйŮһ谵˳úãֻỨȷͦ˵ġ
ɣʱǸСԺҲᵶѣ£һ仰û˵óĬܾңš뿪󣬰ҹ˻

뵽ˣҲЦ

Цʲô
Լʣմī

ߵſڣͷЦſɫˣ׳ȥ

䳯ЦΪ
˵ȦȻˣɫȻͷԼЬ⣬·ʲôƵģԥãһЦʵûҪġ

ü󼹱ϣŤͷȥԺʰ̿ݾ׳СӼڿվ㵸شƣָͷָճȭͷÿңˣҪС˹ô

΢΢ͷ
Ҳڴʱҿ䲻֪ʲôʱߵˡ

㶯ҡͷһЦ˫ֱ󣬳ճյسϵ¿ȥкĨࣺ˲˵Ҳ֪ʵҵġ

æЦûУᡣ

ʵҲԼ
̾˿ڶ˵˶ڱұ壬֪ÿһθ顢ÿһˣҶȥϧȰҲ˺ǡ¸Ҹ½һɷ͸׸еΣʧųƵˡ

˵⻰ʱ侹ˣҵŤתӣӲᡣ

ʱҿŸӰϸĹˣҳ֣ȱ

ĪҪġ
ҰοȥˣԺ

һδ˵꣬ͱˡ

̯˫֣Ĳδϴīҡͷ̾һ׷黭ϵĸ߾磬үڳͷⱡ鸺ĵӣЩ꣬鷨Ϸǵ޴ңҵҲ
Ȧˣڲң˺üΣղſЦ˱ӦҴֿ¥˽£ҾȻͬ˺Ѫº½Լ˵ͬٺһξƣ˶ݸ顣û뵽ھҩҰѵʱҡ˸ˡ

Ҵ󾪣侹ûǸ̫ࣿ

һʱ䣬Ҳ֪ΰοĽ䱸ʱ´룬ص̾˿ͳԼӣߵǰݸû뵽
ȷʵһ˵裬Īڴˡ
ѹȡЦ˵ã̷˾Ҳ˵ˣֻҲע⵽ˣ֮ǰȷǷϣƢǳ֪꣬Ϊ˸ʹࡣ

ȻҺı˽ɿᣬЩ

ҪȾô

Ҷô
ʡ

С
Цŵͷ
Ȼͬ׻а㣬ͷƤ飬԰ǵ֮ǰȥ̷˾Сҵվ򡭡˸ˣӦöô
бۿԳڱʹУĨ
ðҾĵû´˵Լϲȱһҵͬ飬ӽң֪ûǶҲµġ

ҪȾô
չǷ˲㣿ǡ

ǵǡ
·٣´䣬⿴ɲЦֻǾȱٸҪһЩġûõġƭ˵ݽȥٺòˡ

סתζһЦʳָĨȥ۱߶ᣬ˼ؿңûټͷȻüһЦʣΪζԸǺôãô

ǣǾǰɡ
ݸǳЦ

㿴ȥҲͶʮ꣬ôӡ
˫΢УԼ֣ЦʵͦģΪλָͷ

·ûʲôϵ
ҵЦڴߡ

õĺӰ
ת֣̾˿ҽ֡ϡѵڬӼ徭Ҳ죬ɼĽˡǵ÷˵⺢ʴӱһԲ飬⺢ӹ˳ò㣬Ȼôõӣѧ黭ƫùƾ٣պΪףΪ͢Чܹҫ鹣ϧǸмûμӿƿ

۵Ҳʼʹ
ԶҲ˹ҹ˵ܷ˲Т˳ܳסû뵽׶ָҵĴ

ذɡ
Ҳ

֪䲢ûж΢Цſңŵ˽Ӵ£ȴҲ֪ʵͦ񣬹ǸѪˣץסһл˺˶ºǻʲôӡ
˵ס˫ۣңǳЦ²ǣô㣬ΪζԸôãƣҸþơ̱Ľš

˵ˡ
ҽҧסأ΢Ц

ǡ
ЦЦԭת˸Ȧ鷿˿ڣİɣīֽⶼõģΪζ˷ķ

սңҡҡʳָԣӦ˵ΪζǸ˱ϥֺã⺢Ӳ羴£һ۶ῴġ²²⣬ָͷйأţ㺦⺢һӣڲʮ꣬ʮͬһоΪ٣Ǹʲôζǻ޵ðƤǰɣǰ̣Ҳ˸߼ҵϣ

죡
Ҵŭֺݺ˦һ⣬ʱͰˡ

û´Ѫ˿վֱӣ΢Цſҡ

šߣƵڵϷܣܽȥ˲䣬һѽŹסҲס¡һӵĽͻںޣҰٰ㲹ѸдگɺӵָҲˡ

˫ȷţϣ˫ۻסϥʹࡣ

ʱԺҵ⣺ˣ¸ˣø׼á˵ġŷ޵ġ¼ˣ²̫㣬Ӱɡ


Һ



콥ˣֲָ
Ҳ֪Լ˶೤ʱ䣬źܾðɣԼǵðƺȸţĵңұͬӼƽϣүôҡ

Խ£Խܡ
һֱҶĺ˵Ķԣʮʮ϶źԹޣҿǷ̫̫ˡ

ҵʱ˴ô㶵ţԲȡ

Ȼ֨ѽһ˴ͷƿ˶̨ˣʱˡ

һʼһΪȸżϤСζ֪ˣȥ˹ɴ̨һŸʳУϴۣͷϴŶڣϴŹӵǺ

̨ϣֻӹʳóµĺһѣŵϣߣؿңĦҵͷʣ޶ȸͰ˵ˣˣ

һۣ֡
ص̾˿ͷԼ˫ֳĬãЬۣ˴š

ǲͷһ̣ܹȥ

ҿסԼûޣתͷóССﱵ޼ָףԽԽСˤϣѷƢܲܰ϶Ū򡢻ֱӰˣҲЩ˵Ů˱ѩˣ

ҡͷһЦң綼˵ˣ˽ǲ±˰ɡ
˵⻰ʱӴϼСҵĽţҼָףЦ֮ǰطſЩͬƽϣް˸ˣߣ칫޿ɲԼĺǡ

ҰŷƵؿڣó˿ôˡ

˰ɡ
ӣҸǰùСﱵҽָԲޣЦô¶ˮգֶο϶ǳȰٰ̽ĵܣȻķŭίû´ʱһᰲο㣬ʹȵ޻̸ѣȻ͡

ѳζһЦ´

֣
Һ޵˾䣬ùСȣѽָס
ʲҾô׽Ū

£˵ñ˴ˣֻȵϲټްʦû˸Ұ
ʼ磬ͳӣָװȥСﱵҵʾҸָԲЦ֮ǰܵдʮʱ丸檰˽ͨͬ˽ʱ˷֣ϱǿ䷢ңһŭ֮³ߣж˹ϵܵĸ£û塣˼ǣ˸ӣ˼жʮˡȥ֮ң˼Ԭһؽݣ˴󹦡

˵Ѵչסҵ֣üһЦ˼ǸˣƷ¶ǳǫ񣬵ֶ˵һ仰ϡسƸ˼Ϊݴʷ

һ⣬ץסѵ֣еʣʮʱͰ˽ͨͣǸν׵˼²˽Ӱɣ

޿ʲôû˵
ſ˫ۣ˸Ȼݵ£ͷ˫ۣȣżǰΣЦ޽ˣͷ˰ްһ½ţɺã






95.     ܺĸ

95--¶

첻, Ҿˡ

ڴҴϴ£˵࣬ʣµڶЩС⽡
ʱ, Ҳ, ˵ĩС۲İ˸Сˡ

ù, ع컹δ, ð˳, ȥ«Ľ㡣  

ұۿĸƽ, ܷġ

ȹȥʱ, ʷϳߡ
Ժ֡Ѿͷǿð͵͵ȥ, Ľ뵽ϣͬ˵˺һ

ĽɫѾر, Ħҵ֣Цҷſġ

ԭ, ̫̫ʷһ, ʲ, ͰѱҵĴүүȫ

ͷϴѾ, غ, ֲȥ, ԼĶӡϱȫ, Ұ˵Ҳֱ̼û

̫̫һѱһͬҴүүߣ˵Լʮ, ӵˣûܹ
һƬﻳж߰˸ˣܰѺͷء
û뵽ĺȥȴִɨҪ䡭ûˣ˵֪綼зЩ֣ȥ˺һٴ

⻰䣬үǡϱȫըˣҪô˵ʷޡҪô˵˲񻰣ȻҶԵĸ֡
ìͷָ˰˵ܣ䳰ȷ˵ҵĸΪᣬԭгˣүͣ˸֣Ҳˣ㿪֣ҲҵǮ

˵һʼ˵Ҳֻ̫̫֮ǰ죬ŲͷġǼԣ治Ľ͵ģѰ˵ط

ҴүŮҹ۹ͺĽͰ˵ܣ˵⣬ͰѲˮˣ˵С˵־Ҳ뵱ôƴģĽʶ𱰣ֵһӵ¼ӡ

˵ܴŭҲˤ˱ӣӺɰͳʮƱ˦̫̫ĺҪб£ĽѣҸȻңʮҲûҵףûүʹ̫̫飬ҽУͶ֣ġװͿ̫̫ǵ˼˭֪ЩĽˣȻ֮Σҽ㣬ǿһһСҸĽԾͰѻˣҽ˺ȫסͷ

⻰̫̫ϹҲסпϿޣ˵Ұ˵
ȭͷֱҪȥҰ˵ܡ
ҴүҲŭˣʷɫԻͷʮˣԹǷǵûУԼ˱衭

Ľ˵һʱ仨£һƬ

æʣأ˶ڣǾĽһ

ĽڴЦ˵ŭϵĲȫأǺӣʲô£ȥռҲڿƾģ۳Ƿǡ
Ҵү˵һĶԹͲ歶ĸ£ˣ̣Ҳˣڸ߼ѵʱûˮһšѻ£歶ﴢĵŮˣǶļ£ֲ˲졣̫̫ޣҲƵģΪ֪˽ʲôֻ˵ǰôģϱӡǮ˭ʹģǶ³ʮˡ

⻰󾪣æ˵Ľƽϳأģû뵽ôά㣬Ҳˡ

Ľҵ֣бۿңЦάңôһֻ۱һֻۣȻתԡ
˵⻰ʱĽսңѹǿ㵮Сӣֵϳ裬ټϱǰĽԺگǸľҲÿˡ



Ľ˵Ҵүүͷȥ˵ٺͶ
̫̫˹ȥ÷գȥˣҲĽظ˭֪⸾˺ҹȻˣϵ«¸ʷͷ˵ΥүֻĸһЩӵ˵ʷ

æĽ㣬̫̫˵ôõģ

ĽüһЦ˵Ÿ̫̫飬һӱúͺģȥ˿Ц̫̫ȥأˣĪ«źɡ

⻰˿
Ľļƣô˵ס˴̫̫ʺһ£ܹ̫̫Ѳ˸ϵԳû̫̫ȥ´ĸʳֻҪ֤֣պѡ



ĽǶ뿪ҾȥС

һһС棬һ
ǸڳĽֵװΣʮܿ
ԶĳǱشƫƧʤڱˣǸĴլӣܹŻ˲ԭеƣֹ˼УŰԺӸʰ޳

Ҫ顣
дŸԭϡɹ޺ͳ׸ӵĿⷿҲԺӣŮס޵ӡ
⽥ԶԶһ׼һơ

ҺͰȥľǶЩδȸȥЩͲ⣬ԭ̸һ⣬˭֪Ѿʱˣ쵽ѧ黭ʱˡ

ֻ£̸Ҵظϡ
ԱЪϢ£ȴתţҪɷ۵ִ⣬Զ

¥ٵæԿҵӪǳ˳ֻһҲûɿ˰ҡ鷳úġ

䣬ⳳ£ƿһƣԭóܣ˽ڣЬֺͷƣͷøݱס໥һѡ

ųţֿʼޡ
һ˵ԼǹѸͷ̺ӣÿռҾͿϴ
һ˵ѣҼųأȫϴӶ׻ؼԡ

뵽ˣҲɵ̾˿
ǺβʳӵС㣬û㼲࣬ѵʱ򣬻Թ࡭



*

棬Ҿڳ˯ˡ
Ҳ֪ҡ˶ãŵҡ

綼ˣ鷿֡
ҴҴææϴ£ѣ͸ȥ档
׼ڶĽӣеġ˵ġ²˼ĻϺʵġ

ڳڶʱ򣬰ƼҴܽ˵ˡ
Ťͷ⿴£ͷбյʱδôô£Сľͷˣ

˼䣬ˡ
룬ӵɫֱ֣ŵŻҲЬͷĨǳЦ˫ֱڳſڡ

ôʱ
ҲδЦʡ

û£޾ͳ

һ¡
ץ˵ڣιЦҳ̵

е㵭
ڶϴ֣ץ˵ηŽȥ𣬿ʼҰϺʣƲĵӺϴԳƳǾɡεºܣҪźԺȡ

˼Ҳû
ЦŰڶ˸ּ˵ˮ˰ɣһ֪㣬רЦɡ

΢Ц÷
õϺʷŽϴʣǲǺæһͿС

š
Ӧø첲·ۣĽЩѲƷͰƸЩΰʣⲻһͬһ̸⣬ۿԽԽˣҲʼˣҵ뷨ѹѹۡ

̫ˡ
ĿƵؿңҪ۱Щˡ
̾˿ȰҷʼϺڶЦ⣬ͬ˵ް

ҲûС
Ұڵú󣬿ʼժ²ˣЦͻ룬дϣɰ̣⣬Ҳ˵ͨϰò𰺹㣬ڵĴͲԭϣĳˮľ̴ľϢ㡢㶼֬ӸӣЩ㻹Ҫ²һ£鷳ˣʱ俴棬ɡ

ڴʱҷѼЦſҡ
ҵʱһƤ񣬶£ʣôҿ̫ˡ

µģ

ŤͷװĸŻȴ֪Ц
أҼʱ·Ͽ£̾˿ԥƬ̣˵мҪæ

˵
ѿڶ

ĬĬϴ²ˣ̾ߣҿڵƶΪһѣִ̫֪֡һŮ˳һҵĲףȱ֣ҸպȻ룬Щùȥĸһڷԣأ

һŵؿãûͬҲûԣͷĬĬڶһԡ
Ҷ䷢ȣЩڣ뷨ԼǣҪͬ˵Զɣֻڸʲô£ʲô˼

˭֪ڴʱȻŤͷңָָңεѽ㣬ްôأ
ص̾˿ҡͷЦʺЩ곣ǣҪˣ£˶ǸʺʵСֻ˵ɵαӡ޵ǻҲڳʩգ뻹˹˼ࡣôлأ

ʲôлģǸСľͷµ£Ҫġ
˿ƤЦ¾ͽˣšʮ㿴Űɣܱ֪ЩˡҪݻ

İɣޡ
üһȻչסҪҵĴ
£Ĭؾܾ
ЦֽһҵĶ䡭

Ȼ˵Ѿˡ
⻰Ҹɿ˼˼ؿЦˣ¡

ûб¡
ݸ׳ϷȥҪСһԱ㡣

ҡͷһЦҨˮؽϴ
ʱҲԺˡ

ҷ·٣ЦŴС˳ȥƼɫۣŵźѥ޽ƺ޼ü縵ָۣɾõĸо

ݸϥ
ʲôû˵΢Цŵͷָ鷿ֱȥ

ҰıӰתصСŴó˸СߦȣʼߦƤӡ׼Ūպϣһһֳ´ġ

ȫŪúѾҹˡ
׼½ӣյܲײˣ˺𻨾ƣһȫᵽԺϡ
Ťͷȥʱ鷿ƻʱʱЦסϷڰ·һ˶ûС

ûһ鷿֨ѽˡ
Сų쳤ӣʯۣ˵ͬ˵ӶģŻ
ȥϴ֣ȻԽӣ֪Сæ˵ҪĹأдõֽҲƵˡ

ҡͷЦЦ
ʱ죬¹յƣҡڣƮС˺;Ʊƽ˼ʫ⡣

Ťͷȥ仺鷿еҸǰվ֣סµļ仨꣬ۿϵƣЦй䣬ҹɽաлΪ׼ʳ

ϥ񣺡Ӧõģ檶л

ЦЦˮƺԼ˱ûȣ˿ڣðˣҲԸˡ
˵𻨾һ˫ֱȭҹһӻͳֽŵݸңЦǸ޶ŮˣȻⲻ˷۰СģԲſڳԣ룬ǺڵĽְֵشﻭŻ㵱ˡ

ҽӹ򿪣ɫϸԭͷһһСֻţСţڲݴ˯ţС̸ǰźӵͷ߻ʫԡʫСš

ޤޤݭݭĸ۾͡
ޤޤݭݭεĸʹᡣ

дģ֣дƽԪʮ³ҹ˶ˡ

̾˿ͷᣬǸˣµҵĽؽ̺ӻĻȻһ⣬˵ģõֶΣһһŮ˵ġ

лˡ
ЦϥٴǸؿ³çҪ

ʲôġ
һӣ˳ʯϡ

ţ֪ȥ֮ʱͬԬһڽݣȰˮУʵǸӢۡ
ûӵؿ䣬ƺ˱ϸϸȥȻ֮Ц

ֻһ²⡣
üʡ

˵
΢ЦųСˡ

˵ͬͦģﶼˣȻ˱飬ôȻǧȥݿأ
һɻͷ䡣

Ȼ£ĨڣЦ֮ʦƥƥþ𣬾޵޲ţǶġ


ͷָĦ¶ٴЦʣ飬Եģ·ȥݣΪ˰׵˼

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Ĵȥ½ӡ
æתСߣ˼Ȼͣ£ת䣬ŵӲ̫ʹϡǵðµʱͬ˵ʮʱͼĸ
ְס죬գۣ޹Ҳܺĸ԰ɡ

ɫѾѿˡ

üʱͬ׵˽˭֪˰·أǰ䷢ңоѡǸ΢檰ˣΪ븸ĸô治Т˳ĸöİ

ʱȻվˣ

ҽĺڷڶݸǳЦʵĸҲûôģⲻǰһߣǶϺž˸ӣʲôţ

˵ˡ
ȭͷ߬סһұ

ʲôôء
ҹڤ˼룬Ȼһţˣ˼λСүȥ֮ڽ˴󹦣ƸݴʷҫģǸֿ˿ƾٵĸǿˡ

ˣ벻Ҫ˵ˡ
кĨʹ࣬м󣬹񣺡֮ǰ׽ŪˣµĴ¸ֿǸӴԺ󣬾ٴ徲

ϣ˵ġ
˰䣬ЦǼҸûɶ£һë
ָͷϸϸ㿴һЩ߰ľʷ飬ϲҾͲˣôôТ˳ĸأᡣ

Ǹúӡ
ֿ

ɶء
ҡáĿڣε˵ҫ鹣͸ùңװֵĶӣүүɶû׼Ҳܵʷء
˵ۺ䣺ˣ˵ʷýأ׵أ

죡
ŭ֣Ҫҵ

ʶ㣬˭֪ɴ





96.  𻨾   𻨾ô

96--𻨾

ֻоӷʹ, Ҳ˺ܶࡣ

Ҽʶ̧ȥ, Щ, ҿתֵͷ, ԼеɴȻûзǰʢŭ, ش, , ·ƽ

ûһ, ָֻۣǸ䡣
˺, ȭ˸ͬʱ, ̧ۿңЦЩ٬ʧ̬, Է˶, û˷˵绨, ԭ¾³ç

롣
ֱȷ鶼졣

û, ΢Цſ
ȴֹ, , ҵν, Ǹģ˵ʧӣ˷Ϸݡ, ǰ׸߼ˣɼͬżҲе㽻飬һ˽»ҵС񣬽żҿˡ

ʲô
ʡ
վֱӣ߹ҪɴңԥƬ̣ҵս
˽ⷬԴǣ޷ǺճԲѷøģھͺ㱣֤Ժٲ˵ַĻ

Ǿͺá
΢ŤͷܿĿ⡣

ģıúܲڣڴҵӡءȡͬʱ̯ʳָѸٹ·Ҳдʡ

üʣ뻭

ݸûϣҲûϡ

ⲻ̫ðɡ
ֱӾܾϲ˻

䲢û·ѾĴ˵׸壬Ź˷ܺͼ֮ɫ˫ֱЦΪʲôأ˲ԼĻ

롣
΢Цɫˣɡ

˭֪˿б鷿ЦʣʷˣԽ¹鷿ô

С
Цžֱܾ㴰ֽůʵǸŮˣֱ׵㣬뱻ŪϷˣ

˾飿
䲢δգеҸǰӰͬСɽѹס
ңѹֳֿ߷黭ϵľǰһȫϵڷϣܷ˲̫ΪʲôҲᶮΪʲôʵǸö͵һæɣô⣬Ұɡ

ҡͷһЦŷΪһңϱȤÿŮ˶ǣα˷ѹȥҰɡ

һ㡣
üͷЦ˿ɻǵãʱи̷˾̸ͬ£

Ȼǵá
ѾЩͷˣЦϻ仨

û
ҵĻշںߵͤϵɴ°£迴ӣʵҾڸ

ʲô
Ҵ󾪣ô˵ĻҵĺǱ俴ˣ
ֲõո̸⣬˺Ȼʹͤұĵҵ̷˾ֿǰͷҽ˰䣬һЬҽϻ

ԭ綼ˡ

䣬ֱø޳ܡ
Ц½ס£˺ͷֱ䣺ˣҿɲҤǶΪʮƱͿѸ㿴˵׵㣬ˣҸ飿

£ңЦѵŸˣǰңҶᡭ

죡
ŭЦѣҲʹգ˵ûҵȷڰٰ㲹⺢ӣһζ簮ϲʲôˣҶֺǾǺ
ֱͦظݸһЦȻ˵ˣҲգǻű˼ǼҸģһѺӽ̳һֵֹˣһкĸ羴㣬һˣûҪһֱӴȥ

˵ָԺŵķ򣬼̵һ˵ʱ򣬸Ͻߣ

䶨עãһ˦ӣšȥ

ȵȡ
ҽס

˻ʲôҪģ
䲢δͷ

Ժٳǰң˽뷨Ҹ

ƫأ
ЦƺŹв

ԡ
˫ۻǰ°͸߰𣺡ﲻǸʮһƶӣ˼ͲһˡֻҪһң߻ʲôն˼ҸǾͱҰѻ˽ϡ

ң
ҧгݵغ

ǾͿҲҴĵˡ
ҶıӰüЦ˼ңûʲô£ǡмǮҲе˵ûмˣûƾ٣˼Ͳһˣ£;ʢܽԴԴϵرˮڮ٣ܽסڹٳʹԩΨŮСҲġ

ˣǡ
䳯ұȭͷҲصﳤȥ

ıӰת

˭֪ҿѲ֪ʲôʱϷˡ
ʱпſϣǹĨζǳЦ֣ʯ̨Χ˼Ȧ´ңĴָȭҾЦ

û뵽˷ô

Ұʯȥִ̧˸ָһŵȸȥѽ³
ʯϣ䷽ùľƱ˳ˣ·ֻϹ𻨾ƣбѡ

ѻ⣬Ҷ棬ƱЦſңһ

ͬʱͷƣ໥ԷȻһЦȻЦûɵʹͿġ

ʱҲˡ

ͬʱӣֻϺʵģҸֻģĬþһ

һߴãһбңȤҲ̫Щ޵ʦһƬôؾܾôҲø

ﵹЩ´ףЦȻϲǾ͹Ͼܾһֱ˼Ҳ¡˵ˣڶǳᣬֻ˶ϵݡĵԵ

ѵͷЦңȥȻͬ÷ɳˣӦҲвٿ˵׷ɣܾģ

ûشǷأвٹŮСģôܾġ

޸㡣
ѷ룬ҹָ

ǰ㣬ս˭֪ڴʱѸҵĲҪ㣬һסҵĸ첲ӣҶૣһ߲ܡ

˵ֿʼ֣ҵϡ
æÿͷסüģ°ŬеĽӣüһЦԷԡ

á
ѹȻֵַسԽӣȻЦʣڸô

ˡ
Ҽ˿ܲ

˾ù𻨾ô
ʡ

𰡡
Ҷƣ˿ڡ

ôܷ

ܡ
˳ڴ˾䣬ȻоԾæȻһĻЦ




97.     ߰ˡʮ

97--

ҰԼ, ôֱ·ˡ

ȿȡ
ҸɿװûɨϵĽ, æ, ˵˾䣺ӺЩˣһȥ
˵⻰, Ҹæӡ
֪û߶ԶѾ׷˹, һסҵĸ첲, ˳ƽק, ס, յҶ

޲Խ, ԡ
˵⻰ʱƣҵ, ˵ʾ
ʱ, ؽʮ, ϵĹ𻨻괵, ôֵƮҵĨ, Ĩؼ.
, ָ̽, , ׼ӣ·ʲôƵģȻг, Ц𣬹𡣡

ҵʱһļƤҪܣȻ߲б۵ֻ˾кꡣ


°͵ҵͷңƵڹҡΣǵȥɪύѾͷ˸ʲôĲҲˣϻ衣

ˣʱҽŲĽϣңתƣתתţ͸ת˴ϡ
һ⣬ѹ֪Լ֪ϣȻֱˡ

ƿ˺ü

㶯Ц˫ֱ󣬳ұ

ˡ

޿ˣұƵڹϡ
Ұĳ˷ɧ仹øʰ·簡

Ǽ
̧֣һС֦𻨣ҵķָҵıֳϣһƽңЦôоʦ˴зܣ㲦˷˹ϣ˽ݺݴ˸̣Ѳĵˣѵ͵òͣ
˵⻰ʱҵĲ

ģҶʮˣӶһˣ֪˶ٴΣȻѲ͵͵ڹ𻨾ʲôҩˣ
ֿԭǺİӱˣ
ǰɣ˵ֶܺǸдگˣ֧⣬ЩʵҪƶƣУΪѹţĽز¶άĽ㡭

Ҫ˰ɡ
ҲԿθʵۣԼҲˬ졣

вУôԭֱˣ

ŬһҪסܾ

Һ˼䣬ȻԼѾȻ֪ʲôʱʵˣʱһ·ǣҧ˿ҵļͷ

˻
ʹһƿƵԱܣѸٽѴá

ô
΢Цſңüһܻӭ
󲽳һ־ڱصãˣ֪綼̲סˡ

ǡ
ҽͷˣƵĿЦ˭̲סˣϻҪȥ¥һˣͲгˣҪæһҹҪͻ̸⣬ͷĿջˣԱɡ

˵⻰šߣ߳ԺСźƸϽ׳

Ƶ뿪СԺʵҲ֪ҪȥĶ

ҡҡλεڼžСͬ˴󲡰㣬ƣ۵΢ʮ£ϾȻЩȺĻڿϾƵģ
ԾԾ֢ǳǰ͵ҩʱĸо
⹷ʲôʱµҩԽԽҪˣȻ֡

ƿķ紵ƽ̧֣ϵ֧𻨰£תŰ桭ȻؿڵĻˣæӳȥ



*

ǣûȥ
ȥ¥תȦ̵²Ʒ½յʣȻȥ˴һ¥Ҫ˵˹س룬ȥУ˻ˣ

Щ¶꣬ѾҹʱˣϵҲɢ˸ɾҪ˯ˣҪûȤعˣŽаƸϳظ

ȻصңСԺĵģȸס鷿סϷġ

ѵҲ綼ˣ֣ˡ

˿ӵʱϴ¾˯
ûȸԼڳ˸򣬲嵽̨ϷߣһƿżɵСζ¿ȥɾů߽ȥ˲䣬᣺˳ӰһûӦͱ˸ס

˭
ŵüУ̨ȥˡ
һƣԭѡ
綼£ŽţĨ΢졣
ѽˡ
ҾδƿŷĿڣôˣǰ

ǰǰº˹ģңǰҹܻŽһѣڣƵèڰ

ϣˣ
ѵ˿ûǸ⣬ȻƤЦԶְĿڣҵԽԽС϶ʲôˡ
˵䣬ƵģָҵӺͷţЦһӻζšдһζŻ

װθͷһ߸Ż

ˣƿ
Ȼ͵͵˲Ĵ.ҩһɱͽȻ
ұͷᣬͷװίˣǰҵġ

ޡû㰡
Щˣæ߹סң壺ǿЦôֱ治أ
˵⻰ʱָסҵ°ͣѽ
æӰҲᣬĦҵı壺û뵽㣬´βˣ˹޴ˡ

һЦż⣬˫۹סĲӣüЦء

ѽϷˣޡ
صҵƨ.ɣݺݵءҧҵ°ֹͣסҵǱȥ

ȵȡ
ҺЩ٣æƿֳؿڣЦȵȵȹ

ʲô
ѾȻԼƵģǿקߴ٣ⶼˣδθ˦ӡԱŸôÿ˰ɡ

æʲôء
Ťĸ첲͵ˣҧɬһЦ˸Ҫԣ

Ŷ
ð̹⣬бңЦ

Ŷ
һӦס˫磬ϡ
šܵױ̨Ǳߣװͣ䵹𷢴
ЦܻشǱߣվǰתǰ﷢

ʲôУ
Цʡ

۾ϡ
ҴߴۣȻý𷢴Ҹ첲ֻ÷ڴϡ

룬ԭ˺͡
˸ۣЦӦǷ˺Ͱ
ŤͷңϥײҵȣŽ飺ٰЩ

ѽ
˼Ȧ

ȰúԿܲѿֱַ£Цⲻʲô

Цſҽѡ

ǣˡ
ͬ˾ư죬ҧסϵĴӣһͽԽ⿪£סҵ˫ȣ쳤ӣҪҧҵĨء
ָסüģƣȻѸһ󲽣˫ۻס°ͽ̧ʲô˵Цſ

վǶ
Ѵߴҡ

һǲ˵棬·ڷɢ£ȻһѣתĨأӵϡ

ʲôѽ
ԽԽ죬쳤ȣͼǰǰƣĥˡ

ҰһۣתߣԡͰҨһľˮǰˮš˸ʪֽϴӣһŲԲϣһҾԲ

󵨣
ˣʹѣκӰ̫岻أ󣬾ʼң
øС.ȻϷˣĥޣϽ޷ſǸ޼̣һ

ݸ˫ۻסͷ߰.ʮ

㡢㡭
ҧгݣбⱲӱ޷ſôʰ㡣

ҿɵء
ЦŰױ̨ǱȡЩĸӣϸϸĨЦסء
Ȼˡ
æ̧ͷȥ˭ִ֪ϿտҲҧëĽ𷢴
أ
ҵʱסתȥѰȻԱߵͷһסƵҵıЦ

´Ҫޣǵ֪ô

˲ˣˣ¿䵽ˡ
ȻٿұǱȥ
һ鵹崲ϣô棬Է·ʶ

ܲܣ
ָҵĲʡ

ʵе룬е㲻룬ǺԥѾɲˡ
Ҫǲǲĵģɷ
ȻҲش˸С

һ㶣ҡͷЦֽϣ첲ϣˣŹ㣬˯ɡ

ţ
Щ죬ôˡ

ֲ÷ɣŮȡᡣ
סңҲ˸УææһգδɨУǰ۾ˣ۰´ްСľͷһڸ߸˵سһٷȻ޿϶̤̤ʵʵذʰ²˴

Ϯ̾˿ƿȫ֣û뵽󣬾ȻռϷ硣
úݾš˼û˵˯ȥ




98.  ǧ   к˴Զ

98--ǧ

һʼһͦ, Ǹ̵ˣܰűõĻȥҲ, æһ, ЪϢأ˵ȥͷ衱, ұȥ˯ҵ˺þ, 

Ҿ, ʲôҪôá

..ˮϴ, ˲Ȼ, Цŷװʲô֪, ˯ȥ

һҹȥˡ

첻Ǽһѵġ
ǿҰڴ, ˯˵۵û, ˡ
û, ý, ֻܼװ˯, û뵽˯, ٴ, Ѿˡ

ҴҴϴ˷, ð˳׼ȥѲһ¾¥˳Ը緹

ڳŵʱ, һֱ£ŮദʱǺģǷǶԴҲֵ壬ߵڣѾȥˣҲӵԹƣ˳侲˼⡣

վǵĽǶȣӲĶӣǸӣһ㣬Сľͷһͱߣ
վڸĽǶȣûģҰѶ´һıߣԹ˺

վǵĽǶȣҾٲᣬҲ뷨Ӹȡһݣ
վҸĽǶȣĸԵϣϺݺͱһѵúô

ԣ˺¶ǸӵģվĽǶȲͬĽͬ
ǡôشĺѡ

䣬Ȼͣˡ

ͷµģ֪˺¡

ƿ⿴ǰͷͷܶ;¥ΧȦˣЩŻĹ٣Ҳвٿֵİգʲô
һƣԭ¥ſվŸ񻶯˵Ůʮ£촽ɫֲȹͷ纳ɸʽ٣ŸƸǰཿ

ȥͶôô

ʱһʮĽ˷´ཿȴŮļͷȥҪŮϣ.Цѣϣⲻǽ̷˾ཿô˵ﱻߺ뿪ˣֻˣˣ

ཿˣûᡣ

˭֪Ľ˾Ȼֶסཿĸ첲Ůǰק˶࣬ҸƧɣɻӣСء

䣬Χͷ꣬˷

ҸϳİƿȥסغЩ˾Ȼڹ컯۸СҪǰȥཿ
ȱٿ

ֻཿǽˣȻס˵ı䣬Ц˭أԭׯ󶫼ҡ
üһֻ˯һΣȻϵң

Ȼ
ཿĦ˵ĸ첲Ц󶫼ͬɣи

ʱֿʼˡ
˼Цſ֣̾Ϣҡͷû뵽ɸŹ㣬ɸͬ˵Цġ

ָཿ۵С֣бŮЦ㾡ᣬȫӦ㡣
ཿžһ˵֣°ͳ;¥ŬŬЦ¥λľˣүȻҪĸСǮɣôţ͵Ŵһ棬ȥ¥ʮһҲ߰˰ġ

䣬˺ȻЦ£ƹ¥

ƹ⻰һ˦ཿָŮǸģҵϷˣӣӽ̷˾ֻЬģүϻӣаүǿǡ

ҳǰȥཿáΪͷԼָǻĨЦмô

Ѿͷ˻ӦӼŭƹȴཿļ.Ц裬˵ʲôϹۣɱϻӣ˵.飬ѾͲˡ

ʵȥˣϳİʹ˸ɫ
ƻ⣬ӳβŵùڵϣΧŵ˺ȵÿҼˡ

ʱֵԾش˿ó
˴Ļ̣ǰдԣ˳ӳ´㣬ཿ˳ټ;¥ĳɹⳤȦҲС

ȻЩΧŵĹ١˲ʶʶʮֿͬҴкغһˡ

΢΢ͷ
·໰ƹʱҿͣ½ŲбۿһЦʣƹǰɣ

æȹЦ˴һֱδԵ

ֱӴ˵Ļƹרܵ;¥ſ£һԲĴүǣȻܵŮʮԽԽصĶˡ

ƹͨ죬ϵðˣֲھ¥ǰֻͬøЦŽͣˣֻͬѾͷЦ

Ҳͬ㿪Ц
ЦҾ󶫼ˣҺ˵⣬ƹһʡ

ƹ֮ɫæǸͲˣֱԼӣ˵ʲôԾƳԺͿˣȻ˵ľ¥ǰ£ǰٲ˵ͬׯ⣬˵Ҽҳׯûڳˣ˸̧֣ŹС˰ɡ

ûֱǰסཿĸ첲Ů¥ߣЦʣҵô

ཿﺬᣬæͷ̴΢ţƺҪ˵
б۳£֣˶ӣǽȥ˵



¥óӸϽ棬ٳˣ˽С

ཿƺǶˣֶ˲ϴ˲ʲôǧͳӾͳԣڿɬһЦ˵ո·ѾûԹˡ
Ҵ󾪣æ¥ſˣô棿

Ѿͷ˵Ӿô㣬ʡŵ㣬˵˷˲ھ¥Ҳ˼

ҡͷһЦûҡСȣѾͷ÷
أʮʱĹ⾰ұūѺһ·ܾ.裬÷奣ɽկҲ̻ʡ
ţۿһȣɵ̾˿

˺ι̾
ཿ¿ӣͷСڲߵͣʣʲô£

ûС
Цҡҡͷӣ˿ָμ⣬ʣ㲻ȥͶôôˣݿˣ

ཿĬãз⣬Ǿǿزϵ£ҧǿЦַȹϲҪչץҵ֣û˼̾˿

赹裬֪ҼҺҵ۵ҪҰסšֻ֪ҪǸطⲻ˱ָָ㣬ҵ湧ؽС㣬ʲôĻС

ҽСԲǰ£ðȥ׼ȵĲˮִͳӣཿȥᣬ㱻˳Цˣ

š
ཿһЦʵʵҲں˵ȥֻǼʱճˣݼ϶ⲻסһ£ҾͷСԺҲѧˣѰӪӣǲΪԼҲŰǷ˵ʻ塣

ʵûġ
Ѿͷ֣ʣأʲô⣿

㣬ˡ
ཿһЦŵǰЩӷ˵Ļ·ݣҴЩЬ࣬跭£֣˵Ůʮ꣬ûôõӡһ˵ʲôֻϤãѰˣʲôġ
˵ཿĨȥᣬһЦҲ֪أɺеӣ˵۳űҪףҪ׼Ƹӡ˵ĴΣǰǰ󻨳ȥ٣ҽһЩ

ˣ
æЦʡ

˶ʮ
ཿһЦŵûٵĻ˵ɲס䳰ȷ˵ҳԳԺȺһ£ǮպٲҪˣҸĸûˣٲҪҳױҸʮӸ򷢽лʲô𡣡

ҡͷЦЦÿཿѾͷûȫȥǱեͷʣ
Ϊ뿪ݵģ
Цʡ

ཿͷЦˣ˵˵úܡ±ףģɱŮǶСסգţǾסҹ𳤶ҵݹգóԺúȵдã֪³ţ֪͵͵ھ¥˿룬õ͹Ůԣôһк򵹰ˣȻֻ˸ͷӺͼƬ⡣

⡭
ҿЦãΪ˴𳤣δҲ̫˽С˰ɡ

ɲǡ
ཿĵƲƲ죬ЦҲݴˣͰѱúˣʲô浱ɵ㣿
˵ཿȻȹӣǰͷӯӯؿңˣˣⱲָָعӣһ⣬ڻܵܶҲ䲻ҪһӣϣгһҵԩˣСŮȥ¸ɻɡ

ҵʱס
ʵڿཿǿ̣ҾԼµ뷨ˣǣѾͷȫԹޣͬ÷Ҳеϵ
ͬҰͬҽô

ûӦСⲽϸ㡣

ܴ֪ҺǮҲеŵԴʼĽ̷˾ȵͶĿԷǳȷӡĸסҵܻܵΪԩ

ҾԵĸж÷奾Եޣݣụ̂ǰδ幫ӣ֪ԵѾʱûп޿ңϣ˽ϸȡأ

ͣڽ̷˾ҹ.ҧ棻
ƤҲͦ񡱣ڽϣƹȡЦ裬վֱӵЦ

ףзŲµĳ޺˵ˣѡʹĳǡ

һѣ統һѡ

ȥѾͷʱöһ·ķ糾Ūôֲ糺죬ͷЩң亮ᣬȴŻĿƵضңҵĻӦ

ã
ҳݸһЦ

лˣ
ཿ˫ַأͷض˵ˣֱĨȥᣬĿİͰ͵صھȥɻϴ˶ӶԣôǰŮ̹檼ãǵƵļ.ŮҲУ

㲻Щֻ
ǰཿ̧֣΢ЦŰĺڷڶ

Ҫʲô
ཿæʡ

еĴ¡
ĸ첲ⷢ㶵ѾͷסЦ߰Թ£ϴˮ裬ѣԼƯƯģȥȥýԼ̸⣬ˣȾô

ཿͬ׻а㣬͵һйʴʢϥ󷽵üЦİɶңǧ





99.  Ծ   Ϊ

99--Ծ

һȾ, Լ̫ʣϾཿǸʮĹܱҼ, ִ, ôһ̯ӣܿһô

ʵ֤, ҵѺѺˡ

ô˵أ
ΪԼѾˣû뵽ཿҸݡ

, پӪĿջȰһ, ס, ͷٿԣЩ, լԺһȥ
ཿ, ͬס

и͸ǿ彡ʦϾǸ, ҵԺ̸ᱻռˣ
ཿٴˣͬһԩǮ, ô, , ⺰־, 綼ǹĴ, ûô, ˵ǹûʲô˸ٺ, һ˽㣻

Ҽָʦ
ͷ¶ҪȾƣԼȸ߹, ÿаһֱű綼ˡ



ǵҴֱȥ̸̣˱ӵ⣬·ϣұС˵˾䣺ʵ𳤰õĻ̣ĪϾӪġܽɽׯȫƷʽϳˣ伸Ҳ𣬹ʶƼҲạ̊́Թ͢ҲǳԹϱ
֬áҲõĻʯ񻨣ϼƻ綼˻ڣһʯ񻨾Եޱȣ綼۵ˣǧпŸʯ񻨣֬Ʒʿܻȷ۵ĲЩܱûҪǿ

û뵽Ѿͷ⻰ˡܽɽׯһЩ£˵ȡһ¡

ҹҾͻؼˡ

Ļ˵ཿϳҹû˯ʰ޺ú󣬾ͱ˱ȥ໤ӡ֬֬۵Ȼְۡɺţ衢Ƭԭ˱飬ܣûζĺɫĩ
ûҹеʮơһԼСµĴ浵ðܵҼҺѣҸ˵ϰңܴܲһЩֽŲ̫ɾġ

ʱѻ˯ţҵཿʲôÿģЦŶ˵Ȼ㵱£гңģʲôȥ

Ѿͷõҵ׼󣬵ҹðȥˡ

ڶ˶еԺȸǵ֮һ̹׵Ļᣬû˳ϣֱø͵ʦȥһëĻưѣȻѳδֵ㡣

ôཿһ͹٣˰ӺֱӰСⱾССֵĵԣѾͷƫƫֳɴģͬʱֶ¹أͷһһ߶Ƕҵģ˭ֽŲɾǾȴ͹١

ԴˣҵĿⷿһŻѶû



Դ˶ʮҷԼһҹͻڣǵúúϢܰԪཿͲһӺãһϣ˯ʱ־ӵؽæҡ

д滹װΣԴʰڵҲɵؽУҪôҳȥ̸⣬Ҫôƨɺͷεεؽкø磬ٽôˡˣٴ̸棬ٴܽɽׯ¡

ٱûˣͶ㣬㲻ˣϸϸظ۵ѽһʯ񻨶ˣʵүٶ˲ȰԴ㻹ǷɣԣƫţܽɽׯĶǸТӣʳص׳󣬲Ÿĸȥ

ཿ£ʱϲ
ǴûȥƸȻ˱Ÿ˼ݴ󶫼ѹ
Ѿͷ԰˩Ƹͷ˯š
϶ʼЦҲ鷳Űཿȥɫؾپˣʯȫ˷۵ᱨ١

Ϊཿʹ˷ϾȥҲǸŹ㣬ܹ衣
û뵽ѾͷԽԽ£˲ԣǮͨƸСˣƼ̫̫ʮȥ㣬ôѾͷԼ죬Էֻȼϡ࣬Ū㲣Ҽ

ʮ죬ʢ

ཿڳʯ̨ϣһһͷԼ̵ĸǡε̫̫ȱߡ
̫̫ǳիˣæü˰ཿ᷿ཿѡ˵˼䣬֪ȱߵĹǸɼҵĹŮ

ԼҲ±ڳķз̫̫ҲûཿѣѾͷѾͷԼδֱӶռˣΪĸŵ⡣

̫̫ҲûѾͷҵǰ飬ֻĦཿ֣ȥϢ

ȻܽɽׯĴ󶫼ҵˣ˼ཿɡȻĸֳ֣ཿǸϣǰ˰ƣཿô򡱵̸⡣

ǣһʯ񻨣ܽɽׯĳɣĳɰ

Һ£ĿɿڴҲСʮĹҼλʵүƬ̣ҰѼеյЩǹﲹӡ

Ǹط߳Ůжݶƴ֪ཿ֪



ԵظоԴʮ³ѱ˺ܶࡣ

β˵Լνӱͬһ𿴺վϵ˺ܶ࣬Ҳҵ뷨ûٰٰһУ̫ҽҩıҲͬĴ

ʮѮʱǡõĸļɳ
û˲Ūų΢Żʺݣ˭֪·ǡƶΪƣһѡ

п࣬˵û뵽ӽ¾˹¡
ͬڸʱ£˵ѡ¡ѣǹޣΪһѴͷѪʵʵЩṩάơ

һʱ֮䣬ʩ֮ʢУ̡࿪ʼճڻʱĹޡƶΪƣ߸ṩЩϴɨȰлеȻ˺һʮˡ

Ѵ˾٣õҰƽյ̣Ⱥٴϱţٴˣ
ţָп裬ͬڸ飬ƶͷū澺мƻؽǨعϡ֮ؿѻģҪǣһʼ

Ҳ֪һϵоߺмֹϵмҵӰ죬ҾãӦǸûʵ۰ɣ϶¡

ǵǰգȶˣ§˵ΪƽϢ֮ҽޱŨīزһʣԭǡ޵ж˲طꡣѽһҪ޺ͷ

ʵܹ֡

ǰıꡢʮ£ŴСľͷлᱻΪĶһߵͣڣҸϣСľͷǸʡ׺ǻ³ɳĿֽ׳Сӡ

ĸַжأˡ

ƣһͨ檵£Ӯʾĺ˵Ҳ˫գҶˡ



Դʮ³ҹҾҲûм䣬ҲĴšһʼ˺ЩӣҪȥûãòˣҪԺлٽ黭

ǶµĺӣϼҲæҲû߶¡

ԽԽˣ;¥ҲԽԽá

ʮһ³һӳͿʼ꣬һĵİӣ⼸˵ͷЩۣëѾס

ٴ㿪;¥ֵ꣬׵ȥһ˱ȶæԽĲҶʹȴ㽫ȫȨҡ
ʱҺͰĴ棬ȥ¿ĴѲȦཿ£ҪҪ׿ӡ

ҹȥһ¥˷׼ߡ
˳˵úСľͷЩ

ڵʱҺʹһ¥Ķ̸Ц˼䣬ʳȫװúŸ뿪
ģžңżм벱˲ɵû

׼ʱ򣬺ȻӲԶҴˣʮ꣬еżþĽֺۣһֳֽɡһŸС׵ңæظ

ô

ҽʳȷŽЦʣ˭

ܹĨ˰ϵļ́꣬£ۣ·ҪϸңĿϵɴüЦûˣСȥ˵ߣȥ˴һС˽ϣˡ

ⷬٴʣ㵽˭

СĹܼңơ
Ƶ˹Ҽǰ³ۣѹҼ̫ãСð˽ҵˣȥҼ

֣һ󷳣ĮһЦûƣֱӲŽŵߴٰƸϳؼҡ

˭֪һֱǰץס൱żˣҼԾˣ֮ǰڼһС֮ǰʢ׷кãܲͬС˻ȥȰȰ

⻰ҵһ⡣
ɱˣ
ʱҡҷҹУһƬӽϵȥЦʲôжɣɲǻɱˡ

İ
ƵдſǻԴӷǶͱŲһһǰ֪˺£ȻϵԾÿ˷ֵ磬ͳˡôˣҲ˵۾ֱضǽϹŵǷС֪˸һȥˤ˲豭ƬӸǰ򲻸ˣСʵûӣֻܹʷˣҼôˣΪλͷ

⻰Ǽ٣ǰŪͷƤˡ
䱾ǸˣѲԾˣ
ֽץסʳУбۿӡڳĺӰӣĮ񲻹ҵ°ɣܾͬûˡ

ƺЩŭǰ˰ƣ÷˵쳣ǳЩɵû˺ˣѵȣ

ĳܾҺʵûʲô飬ҿҵǴ򣬶ҡ

˵⻰ҴߴŰƽϿЩ
˫ס䣬óڵܲ˵˵档

ҸԼⲻ£ҪܣĪҪΪѾ˼ƭ㣬ָͷڿ㡭
ҾȻ̧ͷƵıӰԸˣǻǿһ°ɡ



δթðȥйǿ彡ĴʦִӾ¥ݵĻƣ϶һֵĵ
Ƽ˷ûаѲֳֻ˵ԸȥСѾмն¸ף

ԼĪ˰ʱЩ˾ͺƺƵɱ츮

ҴɡߣŻƹƣĴǸµլԺ䲻󣬵̨ͤ¥ӦоС
Ӱϵ鷨ǿݺɰҶĴȥмʫ⡣

«ŶԺ
ϷƻſӣԺúܴĹ°ǧǰССľľƵСͷˣһĪǸܵܡ׼ģ

ʦͷ±ֻܱ꣬ƽȥ
ϷһŨҩζѪȾӭ軪󷽣кЩϡºһ͵Ĵ򣬿ҺƵˣϽһϲյβߣԴŵǸ˵

ˣ

һʱ侹ûҴǰ
»ȦңǽܣͷкЩغ򣬸ǰĴ໨ɸʮ黭ᣬϰдıī˿ǽϹŷǸ欵ˣûл٣ڹ£˫㣬֧ʣϻ˰Աд˼С--С

ҡ

ŤͷȥʱڴϣɫɷףӰ˺ɴϡܿѪ˫ĿֱضŴǴʱһӽôˣע⡣

ˣơ
̾˿ȥ۽ǵᣬʵС˺Сһ𳤴֪ƢԣǰҲȰɸңϷˣŮӡǲһӣҲҹɴδйͷǵ˾أС򲻸Ҵŷ徲ģôء

Ұң˭ȥ


̽ź˭֪š
ˣӦ˵˵Ļ˰ɡ

뵽ˣСǰֽѪӣ˫ĿѪ˿Ŀĵպۣ׷˺£ôԸ˽˾Ծ

˼ô
Ҳ֪ĶƢϷˣʱôôɱ˵ΪҲɱģҵ𡣡
˭֪⻰һоûУ۾ûգо
Ҹ׼˵ҲûˣȻҷͷ··иżһǡһɱĪǺйأ

ȿȡ
ðƺ͹¡ȥ
ԥãСǰָͷ¼гǷţȻӶ¡
ҺƲԼͬ˷Ȼйء

ȥżдŷǳÿĿ--
ĿѯƵõͬ󣬲ţڻ谵¿
Ųֻҳѣ˼дģԴϬм͸¶ſ̱


ԶڽݣȴҲ˼׮¡
үñԶޱȷľ
ԸЩۻ£ʲô˻ʲôз֮˼ԾΪ˻ЩһĲֵĶȻ߻ξ̷˾ĴɧеĶҡ
Щ£ͷ̧ñкԽݰգк٣
׷Ԭ๫УһҾΪ񣬲ޣģ
ѡ񣬱پңТ޵ֳ̣ŮһҲ̣˱ٵ;гһ£˼Ωһܱסס
ҶϾ˹ϵ벻ҪٸżʳˣٲӶŮ֪ô˴ڡܹǾ˼һ㣬ôЩʧܿܿУһҲܰЩ
˼֡

źҺ󼹱ֱһŵض£ֱСүô˵أʹԲˣɶСүͷΰ˵ǰ˱

ǰ˸ĸĵģΩжŮˡ

Ҵ֪˼ΪλдһţơѲ˹ϵ

̾˿ߣŷյ䣬ʣΪţԲţ

ʱľȻŤתͷң˻ţʣˣĺӲ㡢ȥô

ҿЦȻСľͷ
ľܼܿꡢʮꡢʮҵǶӶ˵ôĵĻҲᡭ
ʲôû˵̾˿ĬĬᡣ

Ȼһץסҵ֣ͷҵϣһʼӾҲޣޡ
Ҳûƿйʹࡣ
ĩˣı̾ԺúùӰɡ



Ƕһʱͬ˵˻˵ࡢҩ뿪
ڻؼҵ·ϣҰٸӳ£гһҺˣ᲻ǰ˵ҵĻߥźӲң
ɣѲˡ
ôأ󣬿ĸ׶߹󣬻᲻Աأ᲻Թĸײǻʺ󡢹᲻ĸˡ֮ǰǳس÷ӣΪأ

ٻߣ᲻˵˲Ҫٿˣ˵úܡ

ţҵľ;ۣ֪ЩûзԼ鹹Լġɣǲܡ

֪Ѿҹҡҡҷҷе˼

ԶҾͿſڵ¹ŹƣֵҴɡߣϵĻˮ綼ҵЬʪŶ
ԺҷϷţŶſڣƼˣæЦżôŻأСľͷһϣ˯ء

أ
Цʡ

ͷ衣
ҽɡ´ңһʣɫ̫ãôˣ

û¡
Цҡҡͷȥ׼ˮҴϴϴ

˵䣬Ҿͽӡ
ůǰȥѴʱ֧ʣ·裬ַ·ڷҽˣûأһ̧ͷĨ֮ɫңǿЦѽ

š
ҵͷ

˭˵ԳĬȻͬʱڣ

䡭
䡭

ͬʱͣסٴγĬ

ãЦʣأ

ѽѸɺԵıʸ̨ϣ°ͳŬŬ˯ˡ

ÿŵ㡣
еڼſڣ쳤￴ڻˣһˤ¿ôã


Ӧ
Ȼص̾˿޺һɡ






100.  ؾ   ȥ

100--ؾ

޺һ

˵ҵĻ, ټϷͬ˵䡱֣Ҿͻȷ˼ǷźѲ˸ϵ

ѽ
Ӧ, ֽ̧µɴȡ, ЦȥƲˡ
˵⻰Ƚȥҿ˯Ķ, ĬĬСȥ

СҪҹӦˮʶ¯һֱл, Ҳů͡

Ҵ·ĸ첲, , ȥ, ȴ֪׼ʲôˣ, Ҵӻͳ˼Ƿţվڻ¯Կ

ٿɾ, ﵹûһֱһ, 
ϣʧܿܿСȴЩˡ
˼˼ǡȻˡ, Ҳþ, һоزͨˡ

Ӧֻʧ֡

ʲô
ѵȻڱ

һ, æŔJͲ, װûƵ, šӹȡؾ, Цôˣûһ

ޡ޾ǹ
˵˹Ҳվ¯, һԡ

ȥûбֳκϲŭɫЩ԰ףָᴥźɫƹޣϣָȻ̽ҵУǷżг


ʶȥץסŵһˣԼǱᣬãȻͬʱ֡
ż㡰žһ˵ϡ
Ƽˣȥ·Ƶģʱ˼ԳһЦǷţʱɫ糣ʲôû˵պ߹Ƿ۵ãӽŤͷԵʲô޸

ɡ
ЦЦû˵Ѿɻҽţǹ޾еǰĬĬϡ
̧ȥѸپ֣Ū˸Ͱ輦˿ʹݻ˶˹ںÿӣ׼ﵹƣȻ£롣
Ҷ棬˿ڼ˿ͷЦң

ͦõġ
Ҽ˸ܲſЦཿܶһˣҽºʵĵ棬׿̡

Ŷ
ѵͷ˵㼦˿ԹԺ˿ؾƣüЦºͣǮˣͬ˵𲻺˼

š
Цŵͷʣأ˭š


Цİգϸġ

š
Ҳ˿ھơ

ֶ˵ˡ
׵ĲоƣŤͷ

ˮʯϴˢ˸ɾµĵģģصӡڻˮƺҪȿֺＷ̿ȱˡ

Ȼȿˣǲˣô˵̹黭
˵һЦ˹˺˺üڣأСˣȴ˽¸˼д˷š˼˭˵ˣƣްˣ񵱳ޱ˵һá

˵ˡ
ҴĻ
֪أҸоµûţץƹޣϣȻͬ˱
ؾңڴ෢æ˿ڴݻѹʱ䱻ջĲӺѪģӺȻǰҲɱʡȴҶ
ǡǹܼ˵ģȻԣɵû˺ˡ
ұ۳˿֣Ӿڲ

ô
ץסҵ֣ʡ

ҡͷסֱ֣˫ۣȻ͵ˣǲǲԸپңұƭˣ˼Ȱģ

ѿЦͷ

̾˿ҲΪңôأ
˵⻰ʱЩϳ㣬˭ôң˵˾ǱɱˡιҲû˹ܡ

˫ָ棬꣬ʹࣺ޾˼Ȱף׿϶ģǷŵʱҲԴȷʵϿǻ˵Ĳأ䲻ԡû뵽ɱΪλԾް

ô㣿
ʵѰҾѾ֪ˡ

ûиΪ˼ƮƮһ仰ܱƵ벻Ծ
ҸϾƣ˱ҾƵȴʣûпϷҲûɿ飬ŤͷƻƵϷЦ˾䣺˵Сľͷ᲻˵ĸΪĻ

ٴĬ
ʱžֻҵݶ͵ϵصĺ

Щ£ҶҲ
ʵмΪɱأ
ҲǸĸҲ丸Ӿôһơ

ƾƣҳԲˡ
ңһʯĳĵ

Ҳ֪ν⣬ΣҲֲ˵Լ

˵ŮĻôʹô
ѺȻʡ

Цҡҡͷûش

ʵ֪谶Թ޵ġ
ƺȶˣЦǾ̫£̫֣ƣ̫谮ϣôĸףĸѻ

谺䣬ҵʱ£ҲδֳСںȾƣճյضԺй̾˿ǸТ˳ĺӣиĸס

ǣТ˳
ҡҡλεǱߣȡ˹޾ơ
ҧӣͷ˹ڣ˲ֺЩ
Т˳ճֻ޵ı壬ȴĸĺݶ˽
˵еҸǰȻͨһϣ첲ҵϣͷңĿỨԳһЦ㻹ǵΪ˱ס㣬Ūһô

̾˿ḧĲԲסҡ

ǲǡ
Ѻҵҡֹ֣˵ʱʺ˳谮Ϻᣬˣʱ谶ļֲˡʺ°ԼްˣӰĺλͼǰ̣֪ʲô

ҵȻ֪

ʲôˣ
æʡ

Ťеķߺ֮ɫŨ˼Σû˵ֻƴعơ

ȶˣ۲˵˹


и̫֣࣬
ѱۣ˿Цֻи˫ֵܣʺٽ̽׵ĲֵܻѡݣѸᾫ׳˴˹У˵ʲôˡ

ʲôû
æסͼѾƴߣ۲˵ˣòãҴϴһ£òã

˭֪ƽڻƵֺڣŪǲоƣʱﲼѪ˿ͦ˺µġ
֪ʱѾˡ
ͷҵؿڣڽǸ˽ŴŴ֪ʺʲô£Ϣذʺؼֵڣͷûʣ£ޱ뷢û֤ݡ

Ȼѽƹްڵϣסҵ
ڱľϣҿѾƮˡ

Ҫûʺô
Ѽеҡ

Ȼ
һҪⶾҡ

룬ȴô˵
ƴԼ侲ҸԼǰĿѣζƱˡ
˿ڣʱͬޣҰԼһλãλõϲѣҲѵ

ΪҪΪô˺Լ
Ұ§ס̾˿ǸŮˣҲ㱻Цˣ˵ˣ֪ĸ½ӵ£Ľ

㶮ް
ѿЦſʡ
ұסй
ʵȷʵ
ʱԬӵʦʵζЩӣڿ࣬Ҳȷ۰Ӳõĳӡ

ûû¡
Ħıȴӵͣͻᶮˡ

ޡ
ֿЦֺھƣҰ޵̫ӡǻһĶûУĸס
Թ֮ɫŨ͵ֱӣץסҵӣҳ£Ϊڸʸǰ˵ʲô͵͵ܻسҵʷӽԣǡǡ

ˣǣұ

ȥˡ
ְĨȥᣬǿֳЦοƣڲǺܺô

ѽҵְϣң޵ҹӹġ

֪ӹ˭ĸףڸ׸


ʡ

ˡ
ȻһЦصԼȣ޶ˣ˵ʲô˵ѽүͬ߼ҵԵ綼ˣʹѸ߼Ů˽أǱ֪մŭģǰҵҪȡŮ䡭
ͷ̧𣬺޵ô죿ţȢ䣬ٺ޾͵̫ӣǷżҵġ¾ȻţԶżҸǰ̧ͷ

Ҿ֪껹ôһι
ԽԽƤӾȻԽԽǳҲ֪ôˣȻ͸ŵˡ

ޡ
Ѽѵ̧֣Ҳȥ᣺ȥˣ԰ɡ
ҵͷЦ÷໥ĥʮ꣬޺Ҳǣʮ꣬һء
˵ҹָЦΪҪӭһɹ׵ĸ˽ģϲ˵š


ҵʱס⻰ʲô˼
Ҫʣ˫һϡ




101.     ͽ

101--

ι
ҡ, ʲô˵һ͵
ȥͷֱ, Ȼ΢, ձôһҡ, һ̯Ƶſ˯ȥˡ


̾˿񱧺Ƶıס, ﷸôֹ
ղ˵Ϊ, Ҫ, ˵Ů˵š
˵ʵ, ҵһ뵽Լ
޻ʺ󡢶ޣһ˭

ɲ֪, Щˣ̫Ը⡣
ҵľ¥𣬶˷, ףҾʹȥһ, Ƕ

ȥ˱Ĳȶ, ϳҲڱ, ̰Ū, ʡ, ǴʱȻ, ôƱػж, ҵġ¡뷨Ҳͳ׸תƲƲ, ŬһУȫˮƯ

ߣǰȻܱԹԼûݣ浱٣Ҹҽô統˵ܵĳжľλ˵ܽӵסô
ҿʲôǿӲںվȽŸ
ʷﻹһ̯ء

ԽԽƽվøƵģôˣΪҺͶӡͿˣΪ˷ңҹڹ

˭֪ʱסҵͷ˸ĵطľȻˮһء

񲻶İ
˰
ˣúøһΰɡ
׼ʱĺȻһ⣬Ծ⹷ң⡢ӽ䣬ҽлӣһʼϲҺȱͨˣ̫ҽѱ䷽ĳɸº̲ġնżҲܼҰ֣ƻģҺͶصӣ

᲻á

˭

ˣȲˡ


Ҵ
ͬʱҵĸ첲˫Ҹͼ𣬿ֹ̫˾ƣģѹ
ںܿˡ
ƼˣͷʶСʱ򼲲߹£ҽѷϡ

Ǻ˶پư
֣ҲǵģôأξƲմġ

ȱŹңϷɡ
£ͷϣȻԱ߷ţðϷܡ

üһҹִЩֻһˮͽҵЬʪҲ˲ЩݺһŪϡ
Ĩ˰ͷϵˮӣѽЬ£ϣ׼קĸ첲ڴʱƼһ˯ŵȻˣСӺ˼ûޣźĴ۾ҡ

ѽ
춺ӣСû򣿡

·˰㣬ȻһЦ
Сӷ˸ϵѣͷǰСžžشͷȻıͣѽѽغţգۿҺͺƺʣôˡ

Ǵ󻵵ȶˡ
Ҵ֣ḧŶСԴѣסգǿſӻЦͯ򲹲

һԵĺ̿մң߯ˣզСľͷء
˵䣬ȿЩСľͷȥˮ

ͷǰ֣ʾ
С衢ĸؽУس
󳷣
Цһץסҵ½ǡ

ѽﱻСľͷץѽ
ûұӣñ˸ǽӡءͷȻѸ¿˺£ָ˼ѡ
ʱýˡ
СľͷץסͼվֱڣæľŵߵСϣȿȥ˫ſȥӣºӵСƨɣЦʱˣūðСľͷһ

Ұɡ
ЦЦѸ˿Ѹǰѡ
бȥСͰ±źӣźʱʱȥӵĶͷûзա

һůȻҺѸϸġ



ûһҾͰ˸⣬ˮš˸ֽ˲ӣǺ̫ˣӺؿڶһƬ
Ǹо䣬ѺȻˣƵشѵ̧֣ҵķ٣һЦڰ޻°ġĶͷأԼ
ǿ׼㣬ȻʼģסȥԵɵɵңôתתͷΡ

Ǹθ˵ڣſڿߣ۵һˡ

ϣˡ
ҽסӣæȥıĦţµúЩ
ͬʱһԱ߶ˮݵڡ

Уá
ƿӣֿʼ˫ڿߣ˯ˡ

ǵģܺȾͱȡ
Ҵı죬ѣǺñӡ
ʱѾˡ
ң˵ȥСŪ̿ңѱµĴɨˡ

ҵͷ˱ӣס

СľͷܹԣϣץҴͷ
ûһҿˣĬɨѵĻ
ḧŶӵĺ󱳣ҡź˯˵˾䣺ͬ˵˵ЩӻӸɹ׵ĸ빬˭ѽ

һδ̧ͷ
ĩڻϣСһɨЦʣ˾˭

ܲҰɡ
ҵͷµĶһЦ֮ǰһ⣬˵û£ɵ׻ùг˵ĸӵģˡֱԣǸһʮˣҽͷͲıСľͷҲᡭһֱ⡣

ˡ
ЦЦб˯ѣͷΣأ᲻վ

ôŮ˵˭
Цʡ

˲²¡
˻ɨЦſҡ

⡭гǧĸˣ̫òѽ
°ͳߣʾ¡

֮Уʱʱ̿񣬲ûи
˱裬۳ǣʪˣزѵĴЦ˿ɻǵã֮ǰջСľͷʱ򣬰´Ϲлү͹

ǵ 
æͷŬػȦûǣĸˡ

ū˵һ¡
һЦ˱ͬٹ˭

ʺ󣿣
͵ؼ𣬵żҲ£ٹʱǡӯ伴裬ճȥ㣬񻹴˸ϱҵĹŮ
˵һ죬ǸŮãŴҲʮ߰ӣֹ߰ޣȰһҪͽסոĵ檣úõźš

ӡˡ
ҳƬ̣üʱӷΪˣŽĸӽиӷ翴֪ʺ˵ʲô˷飬ӷ˺ôΪ˱ӣ󸮰˳ȥ˸Ŀ͵ס¡ǵͬ˵ʱʺŴòƿӷ磬Ĵδӷϲ񣬺滹ѹѣɵ˿ջϡȻǸȦףӷһݣͷŵļͳˣ׽顱

˵ҡͷһЦΪǰҲǻȥˣ¶ϣƳʮ춼˵壬ֻԣлүеöվұйүŶֻӬһ·ֵ˱¸ǰ

̫ү˵
ѧѵӣǼ֮䣬˵ױлүˣлүģһָͷûҲ֪ôڹ˾ֻɹµУյǻ󣬸Ѿͷӽ̫ͬ飬Ҳίżҡ

ԶԶԣ¡
һĴȣæ˵ʱٹдʩѹټϱѹ޸ӷϢҲ¶ʺҲûŴ޸лӷ£ڳ˸ʿҴææѹˣ֮ҲûϢˡ
ҡſҪ˯ŵĶӣѣһ󷳣СֹԹ˵ϲ˵ţŴɲǡѲѻ鸾˾ôˣƵģ͵͵˼ҵǽ

ˣˣ¿ɲ̰Ůɫ֮ġ
ڴЦѽҴã̾˿
λŹǱʺһҸӲˡ֪ģʺ︸ԪϣǱڸ׸ĴŴ˴䣬ҪְֶǿʢúġŴأ׸ܣ֣żҵͷž˸֥йţΨһı£¾˸ò绨Ů

ҵͷʣأ

Ŵǿżˣ˭֪꣬͵˼֢ˡ
̾˿ŵʱŴѾµУͺͷûʲô֣ģ͵͵˺ӻңպ㡣ŮҲô뷨֪ҹŲԸ⣬ҪŴѺ£ⲻֵ˹áԭ׸˵ƣѹȥǸˣ

˵ֵʱ򣬺⳯ҼüŪۣҡͷһЦ׸˳ָŮ˵е֮£ǰѺŪ˼Ҿ˺ⲻֱŴѺ£Ҳǽµ°ɣǸӡ


ص̾˿
ѾͷҲȷʵۻ»ӣ

Ǻأ
ҵѣ޵һţʣôѾͷһģ

ʱŴ˺ӣռѻǻǹлүûȣȫ˭ɲŮòء
һЦСۺ찡˸ǰ˵ʲôǵ˲ӣлүŮ֪ģ⻰˴ˣͻζ֪ʹĶлүģ¶ƫƫʹ˹ôλƢ֪үһܣұ¡СԬʵ׷˺£֪ԭίû

ϣǿͱˡ
ҡͷЦЦɪֶء

ɲǡ
Ц¹۰˸ż볤ҵķˡͣҪǣŴūɶСӡ˵չôСŴû˵ӯүлûжү˼үûüһСǰҲǽĸŹŮֻ˵ķݶɪǱ谮ãٹĶϱ˭£Ŵη岻ѣֻܹϴ˵ᣬˡ˭֪ȥʲϵˡ

ʲô
Ҵ󾪣͵𶯣Ӹˣߺؿ
æĿڣʣǺأ

ֲҹ֣ȥѰ׸˵ùôôѸֳ˰Ů
˵˸ۣЦ׸˵£ִˡ׮´˻ʺʺԭΪ׵µû͹ɩ֮Ĺϵѵƹлү¶ɾԸɴȫƵŴͷϣ˵ԼȰܼ˲ΪʺͷȻдǱȥִаɡ

⡢⡭
Ѿˡ

ԭǻʺżҵĴǺɵﹴӷ磬°ܺ󲻽ֲѸٰѹˣΪڵǼ£ɪѸ˺ӵĸ׹ﵱá
ûڣֻЦδЩ̫

ǰ
˼һЦңŴ޵˭

ɪѾͷſɺޣɵҲ̫ںӷ磬ʵźŴ˺ġŴҪǵû£Ҳڱ衣
̾˿µףǹλɡ

ء
ǸĨЦǱͬѾͷ÷ɵǣߴţȥ͵͵̽ΣûѾͷǸˣץס˻ᣬܻ˵ѱźúǿѾС°ûڲѣɴѾˣܲܰѻӴɣǽʹŴȥͬʺ飬Ѿˣ楣ͽ¶ʺﻹڹء

ȭͷ߬סѣ޵ֺݺһš

ֹ䣬Ҷڹء

ҧ´૵ˡ

ǰ
ҼüŪۣԼĶƤ˵˭˭͵û˵˭û»߸õū֪ǣǶû˹ڻʲôǹǼ٣ǿɾֻб֪ˡ




102.  鲻Խ   Ų衭

102--鲻Խ

⻰ʲô˼
ǰͷ˵˽Ŵ˽, żŮУֽסŷΪ楣
˵ʲôﻳĲ֪ǹǼ١

ҸŪͿˡ

סۣʹ˯ѡ

۵λ, ӷǸ߹, ǻʵ۰֮, Ŵ񵱳Ļӷ紲֦ͷô, , ֦лҵĸ߰
ò, ӷӢĿ, ҲԳ, òƫ˹ĵģй䵭ĹǺŮ˵ġ

ѲŴҵ, ץסǧѷĻᣬ˯ѣ

뵽, ǰ, , žž, ʺˣ

û뵽һֱ׵, ͵Ц, Щ˼ңū֪, ЩūһֱչСľͷأ˵ˣһ, ǹؾص˵ֻܹ֮бºͱ֪ˡ
üһЦ˿һ÷мġ

÷ɣ
Ҿ÷ˡ

ȻƾȻˣĪӻб۶ݺݵص˯ѣôҵܸϵɽ»𺣵ĺóˣ÷ԼҪ̷˾Ѱ֣Ȼܵ徲Ρ

չȥݺݵšĴȣоۣԵɵɵ࣬˸˯
ôôء
ƻڶϣѣǸŮ;ȣСѸСá˵ŸôôӬƣʲôʺ¿ӾϷɡ

ˡˣ꣬ô¡
ҡͷʳָڴϣҼüŪۣʾұˡ

Ҳһء
˵䣬Ұͷϵķȥ
ԭֻϴһйߣû뵽ҵͷϣĵ״ģЩָװ㳤ССѪۡ
ϣ
æӷ£׼ȥ˭֪ƵֱŶͷãȻ֪ؿҺͺʣôˣʲôʱˣôǲǸϳˡ

û
ŤͷۺںɴʱأϾ̤̤ʵʵ˯ɡ

Ŷ
ƣ۵£Ȼס죬תſڿߣƺ¡

£
Ҳ֪Ķĵӣ޵óȵأҲѬźӣʻȥ

һŤͷãȻؿҡ
Ƽ·ʲôȥˡ

ãСʣôѲƷˣ

ûƷõúܡ
Ц

Ŷ
£¸ǺãְԼͷϣع˾䣺ô޻ôۡˤô

Ұкҽ˯ŵСľͷСϡ
ʱƼŵˣʱʱؿӣʿʲʣҪҪū裿벻С⣬ūͰ
󣬺ԹؿңҡͷһЦÿûǶͷˡ

˵ʲô
æʡ

ЦҹһĴԼ죬б۳ѵѣŵ˳ȥˣ˵ҹͷţչ˲£ūǡ

ûһָֻ˰
˼յƣֻ¿ϵһҶ谵ĶСơ
ͷƺСЩεδʯңýԼסڿϣؿ˯ĸӡ

ĺ죬Ƕ΢΢ЦЦ
Ҿãӵ۾һ㡣

أһܣǸеı楡
ʵ֪糯̨ԺҲһӵеģ󹬣á

ûֹҲûɸ档
Ļܡӣɪ뿪ĳʱΪСľͷֱŤʱһΡֲΪԴףһأȥŴˡ

ôôӦء

ţҾȻˡ

ѹ˳µϣʧ

תһ룬պǰ㼷üŪ۵ذʾ·ûкҲе

ҵƵʱһɨ⣬Ҳֱˡ

˽ѣ߹ĳõĽһ֡Ǹɫ֮ˣҲʲôŮ˶ģʱŴӴʱŮǸճӲõĲ鸾ˣֱǿаңӦûδ׻ָģɫҲãŮˣô

˻˼ͷĸԥϡ

ɺ޵ľ÷СӣôһҲطֿûΪһ͸¶
ôָӵʹˣ׸ø˰ɡ

ҵһһ䣬ص̾˿

ҡѣʸεضҳϣ楶кˡ

ƣΪ뵽ԼôǾѾʱұ極£ϴ֮ǰҲһ㷴ûֳ˵߾ͱߡ

ǣ£վĳλƺҲ



ҾĲ²⡢ͨᣬ˯˯̤ʵ

Ҵ˸ΣȻ͸ѣŤͷһѾ

СԺ⴫һ΢ĽŲƺǺˣϽˮ

װ£ôɶͷ
ڴʱҶžԼЦ˰¼ˣαرĳǣûҪ

Һͬ˸̶ƵģȥľͳһѴס
ŽӲֽüóɰƴСͷд˰˸֡

ֽϴ˸Сۣ˸˿ߣߴСﴩȥ

ŵǱߣȥƿѵıӣ㣬˿߲ſſǶϣ˸ᡣ
ұԼ¶Цˣڴֽϵ֣

Ų裡

ڴʱӶ¡
æãְǺñӣ¶ӣ˿ŵ˳ڼ䡣

ͷѾͣˣʯصİ˲ǳĻˮĲҶͷͬһҶ۰ε

ĺ֮ϮҲס˫ۣ˸䡣
Сݶ̴ðẒ̇ѵֵ

˾ƣθڿ϶ãûӣĶ죬嵭ģŪڡ
ϽգǾޱ¶Ҳã϶Ǿζôܻ󳼣϶ᱻЩġ
úպûϽŽ̿ȥ붬ˣºСľͷġ



ûһҾͿŸ̿ҴҴСˡ
ƼңһЦżǰ쳤˲ӳ￴ʣСľͷͱôô磬˯ɣҹҲȶˡ

˯š
ýżȹӣ⼸Ҫ¥ķ̣˵һȥһ䡣
Ťͷݿۣ̾˿ڵ壬ԾѲ˵ĸϵŮһ˸ĸģ벻ɵ¡

ͷЦȥһξУʡ˾ã־塣

ҿۺе̿裬߹˲ϣСľͷعٰһ֣¸˵һ±µ뷨֪ͨȺ˵½Ӳʣˣôƣӿ϶̤̤ʵʵһɣϾ
ЦϾ楾Ҫ빬ˣҲӣ͵ڹ

һ䣬Ȼͷص춯
ţº𣺡˶ĶȥˣףʲôŲ㡭

ҰãºļæЦ˵ºСľͷˣҾˡ
˵⻰ҼҴҵǰߣһͷƼӳˣǵͨ죬ͷЩң°볨ţ¶ظֽ߬˿ߴڵء

ʱĿԡ

ĵԽˣ
Ьҧгݵس׷˭֪ϵ̦ˣžһˤӶˤʪˡ
Ҳ˲࣬ƿܹĺǣ첲ңΣһЦ治ģ޺úø͡

ҳͷˣЦ»ȥϴˮɣæͲźˡ



*

סԺ׺˳

æߴٰ뿪ԸȥЩµģٵҩץЩѪ˵ĺҩ۵ȥ

ҡҷ峿ĳƿ⿴ҹе̷ʰС̯еİ̾£İ͵ϺŲ˼ҵĺȥ

ҵкȻֳѷˤľɵЦ
˵֡ǸŴ֮ûʲôɡ

ĪҺȻ͸ˣöҲˡ
ҪаͣӣȻϴNNûһͿҵС
⻤δȭһֹϷţ˵Ƿ˵ġ

ҴӹЦŵͷʾ뿪ˡ
ʱҺסЩţҲֱ

Ҳţֽȡš
ͷһǷ滭һһŮˣеŶķϣŮǸͷɮ£ίعڵϿޣƺʲô¡
ţҴ򿪵ڶֽǷǳÿпѵ֡

δ衣

˸֣ҲǸ̡Ȼ͡ʡȥˣŵǿҲ˳ˡ

ڴЦ¿

ٲϧ۰˵׼ɾˡ
޽ʹһվӣͷôһ飿ôҲкüϣǲǳҹƣ͵͵ˣ
޺ǳ
˵ĳҹűӿһޣˣ޴£ԭˡ
޸㲹Ʒ
֡

ҡͷЦЦż㰴ؿڣƿӣ԰ȻһЦȥĸӣҿɶˣ



վ٣Ҳڽر䡣

Ҳ֪ԭί

ǰͺ˵һɪżڶ󸾡СŴŹȥԽԽޣʲϵԾ˭ֲ֪͹ĹϵлϿҪǣ۵Ŵ񵽵Ϊʲôлӷ紲֪ŴһѪβĻ˭͡ԣ͸ݵľŴڴعޡ

涼ÿ

ѴģҲȷΪԼ谮òˣԲ˽ȥ̽Ŵ񣬸һԻӵǮЩϾʮ꣬Ժ·ܳ

˭֪Ŵ񲢲Ҫӣޡ

Ѷྫ͸㣬ҲʼԼ¡
֮ǰʾ˳ֵ--÷ɳ֡
÷ھºʮ˽֣Ȱ˵񿴿Щʵﰵ£ǹĺ޺ͱĿȫ

ڣŴ롱ͨˣҪԼ͸ѩܣҪýʹ󲮸ż˵ϻǾ͵Ȩ롱ͨϱлӷȨƣʵ۵Ů˱ȵлϱ⣻ã÷ɰȰοӦö˼

ʼͷŵĒԼͼѣʧˣѾܾˡ
õŲӣвλԡʺº񡱳ĵ˵µúӺü˵زƮƮƱ򷢼ôǼ檻Ҳס

ѵɵ£˺üȰαأһֱ㵱ãδйǷ֮룬빬󶨻ᱻýжд̣βӹӡ

Ŵ񿴼ʵۡ¡ˣơήˣͦ˵ģƺҲе㡰顱£ֱ˵ԼʺˣֻҪ֣øڼ̧ͷˡ

Ҳʵʵ˵ô׵ģ󲮸ýǹؾѹα̤Ƿ֮أ

Ŵʵԥˣϲʤ˵Ϊ

ǣŴѳǿ̣С
Ҳû취ʺˣΪӺýɱ˼ҹֻˡ

¾˼ˡ

ʮһ³빬
˵ڳѣӵ϶֪
Ҫԭί֪Ҳţûñ極Ľ빬˸ֽ飬ϳ׳棬֪˽¡

أϲˡ

׸˺ü裬ðŴ󲻾ǿ˽ȥ˴򲻵ãֻصؽյϣѹƢʣôθƷԵнĹѸһⲻЦûʺԴ

ͷ̧Ц˵ʵ鲻Խ

˵⻰Ѿ;ɼεˡ
棬ҹȥȪйȫż̯£аҲȥˣ˵ˣȪһ¡

ȪĿУҲųĲƹܡ

׸֪ܿ÷мǣߴţڴ󳼵棬÷ʵСоۻ˱ͬʱֲõаֶܻŮ빬ֶŮʱС

ŴĸסˣŮҪޱߣ˭Ҫʵ۵ˣ˭ӡ
÷ɵİн飬һˣοֵôѿ
־СȥŸ¸ֳϴ˵Լû̺ŮɴɣܲŮѻڹɡ

׸˴òԺԺȰ˵ǸТĹѸǾȥɣԱºżҵãպӳ빬Уɻʺ︧

ˣʱͲˣŵͬ׸£޹ôˣǺ۵ĸϲҲ޹ˣĸƾӹ˻ʺ̫

׸ŭȵȻŮʺ㲻䲻䡣

ǰɡ˵Ҳֱ׳ŮΪʲôѸﶼ̫׸ŵճѹ˵ܴܵ뱲ӣҲͷˡ



ŸֵüɹҲð

Ŵ⣬˵ϧʺ￴ڸ֮ӵķϣ·
ôͬ⣬Ľʹ̫ҽΣ̫ҽҲȥӻ˵ͻҩƵı£ʺ񣬲̴㣬ɲס

֣Ѷһ氲ʺ󣬱ڹУһŹʲô£ǶûһֳȥŴſڹô£Цȥɡ

ôʱɳ̫ҽˡ
ŴŵôУ˿ȻʹֹѪעɫҰһƬСεˡ

֣״æ˽̧ȥ㹬ΣݲŲ

Դˣյķ֮ʹ˽

ƽԪʮһ³ʮӲλҲõشҴȪйسˡ




103.     

103--껭

, ҺһȪй졣

ţǵĶСľͷ

Ӧ˵ⱲʹʵˣһСľͷ, ɷӻж, ߸˵һڡ
ûйĶǵĺŮˡûвƹܵĳóӡûбѺơǺܼ򵥵һˡһŮˣǵĺӡ

ô, ҺһֱæΪ楡ͣ, 㵽Ȫй͵С

޵ĵ˺̺, ʱ, ϯض, ţ鶹Ų˹, צСľͷӾ˭˭˭͵, ſö

ðշЪ, Ȼ, , Ŷӵ棻

͵Ȫʱ, Сˮ, һˮ, ˵ѽѽ衱, Ľҵţ˫ִˮ
붬ˣ, ֻˮһôСӲԸ뿪ȸߵʱ۴ޣȻؽгˡҺֱЦ

ӲȪ˿ԡ

⹷̫̫ˡ
ұƵȪؽ˵һ鵱ֽдǰ˸֡
ҺߵͷҪƽˮˣɪɪ˵Ų衭

Ѷյߣбңʲôû˵һ顣

ҸҪ˵ȻӱߣȰ˲濪һѽҲӹסҵֱġǶЦ㵹ö˵ͶŴ˵سֿǰ.Żԭ˿߲֮

øǳرˡ

ҾͲ˵

ôͱʹʰ˸ϥ˺ü顣

ܻܿʮգſڹšСҲܶˣÿӱ޻ȥҲûȥæ¥ֵ£ÿиཿǰǰ£Ȫйô̤ʵ

ҵǣСľͷˣЩȡ

Ѵһӣ˵ʵڻ̫أ϶ӱ
⻰Ҹ˵˵ˣл䴺񣬶л

ʵЩ
⻹Ǹ˽ֵôܸоڱʲôʲô
ˣʱصߣĶС¡

ʮҴŶӻص˼ңҹͰ̫ҽԺԺСľͷƲϴ˵ӾˣｫɢȵҩˣٸӲ飬Ժӵ˺СЩ
ǧлл̫ҽ˳͵͵䱦ˡ

ϴ͵Цǰûˣ͸¶䣺Ѿͷأ֮ǰԪټģһֱĳ죬Ҫµ˼ξΣܾ㿪ҩ̫档

ô˵أҾòֵá

ҲһҴ壬ĸýڣ.٣ɲǱѹʮ꣬кܶѡͿܣ񵱳ңѾߵ˾·

ÿ˵ѡһ
Ȼѡ·պٻ͹¼ţҧܡ



ĺܹԣϹԹԵ˯࣬żܵúֻҪһĦıͰСץסҵָ˯ȥ

֮ǰɻȥСһǰţ˵Ѿ̣ԼĪʮһܵӣ⼸ˣʱܰƣȻٸѺҿһӣҪӡ

أҺȻ䡣
ӶѾʮˣСүү̴ų󣬺޸׵ĽѸ֣ⱲӶ׸ơ

Ҳǿ

*

ڶգ³һӳʳȻӻѣԹ̺СʳŴҴҒԼЩƷ˳լȥ

ɱȥƹΡ
ӣճյɴϷһ仰˵ôչȥҲ֪Щû

䣬ʱƮѩһ˺ӺЬϴ˶̺Ĺ֧˺챦ʯĽΣĹСƺͲѪĳҩҡҡλεǽլȥ

ȥڴܼƵ·£ҺͰһǰһլӡ

츮ģĺɳ׿ˮƮżյɴɵĺɻƣ.ķȼһʯС˲㱡ѩ˵鲻Ժɢء

ЦŵͷɡԶҾͿǰŸʵˣ䡣

δһȦȥ۵׷ڣûʲôѪɫﴩŵ£ͷżɫ멣ӵɴܿѪŹգƵߵǧǰӻͳӣǧСľϵıѩȥ

ҺơƲɵ̾˿ˣɹǾĶӡ


ƼǰԱ߷ס䣬Ц˭ˡ

תĿԡ
´˷ңûԭϷŪǣʮֵº͡

þòˣˡ
΢΢ͷЦδԽݹˡ

оΣӿɻ
Ҹʹ˸ɫʾƷýȥ
Ҽǰϥһֽ̧ɡͷϣЦô䣬Ҳע£ˡ

û¡
ҡҡͷЦôӣ͸
˵䣬°ͳǱŬŬʾߡ
ȥˣ
Źϵ̵ĵƣһЦ̫࣬һϣҲܺͷ˵仰û뵽򷢹ܼȥ˼ӣδҲ㡣

ȥذˡ
ڳ˸ѡ

ͬһô


͵ЦΪôʡ

й⡣
ĿбӣȻص̾˿̧֣ùȽϵĻѩ˵˾䣺ǾóʱڳĺĺһӰ̫Ĺ˼ɺͼֻҪֵãǾͷȥð

ֲϡ
Ц˾䣺Ǿ仰ԺúùӰɡ

ӡ
Ʒ仰ȻһЦбŨ
Ҳ֪أճˣ͸еͶԵܾ÷˺ͦģ֮ǰʵڿ˷ˡ
˵תس˸񣺡ԭ¾ˡ


æ䣬ЦʲôﲻģҲܶ࣬˵

˵ɱҼǹʵѲ˸ϵǷ̫ࡣ

û⻰˵ͬڷ׷ѩУԺô죿еӦҵԬ๫˵ͬԬ๫˽ãĪԬ๫м⣬ܽ⿪ǸĽᡣ

ˡ
ȦˣҰ֣ǣϵˣ۵ôǳ£æֱЦ
ϲ֪ǵĹϵ˳棬ָˣͦõģ˵ĺˡ
ƺʹ£ŹȣĬĬǰߣȻԳһЦ̾ʱ׾͸Ҷףؾ֮Ůҳ˸Ĵȡף˭֪׾ҵĹǿȢؼңҵС

˵⻰ʱ᲻£ЦȢǸŮˣƫȢҾҪ˽ЦǣǸŮ˸ǽӡ͵͵ߣŮˣǵ١

Ǻأ
ʡ

ҶץȥˣΪе£һ͵͵ǿДJ֣һңǹﲻԸһ׵СӳԿ࣬·°ţü˷֡ȢǸŮˡ
ЦЦǣҺŮ»ǰһգ˼ˣĹ֪Ȣףֱߣ֮¡ͶԾˣͬоѣĲǸ϶

ţ۽Ҳʪˣû뵽仹ôιȥ

ֲ㡭
̾˿

ǰֲС
ʼ磬ЦǸŮˣѾݴʷӡô꣬һֱңҿڴߵǰһգҷˣƲˡز˼ңûطȥ֮£ϵԾˡһֱҴñɺ֣һŮ˰ˡ
ȻŤͷңЦʣҾǸͷβĻ쵰ô

ԡ
Ұһۡ


ЦĨᣬԳԡҵıӦ
˵ճյؿǰеڣ֪ô˼СʱʵرԣˣһܻȥǺеؽеҲ֪ôˣѺ͵ߣû뵽ֱ϶ˡǵʱҰѺ͵ˣأҰɡ˵׼Ҳɸıӻ쵰нյĹ⡢Ů˫ȫ

Ҷ
ЦЦ̾Ӳڸǰѹ˼ҹ룬ڸǰԼǰ̣ܸӵ

ȻһؿãЦ˾֪

ڴʱȻ󼱴ٵĽŲһͷһƣƼҴҵյ࣬˵ȸ˴ϢСľͷ̫ã˿ȥɡ

һ⻰ҽһȻ
æ˵˾£ʹҴҺͰظϣô£̫ãôˡ

Ҵڴѩ׷ɵĳԼĪеʱڸϻؼҡ
˭֪ʱ򣬷β¿һƣϳơ

ûһŴ면£Źȼü͵ҿܼӣ͸ˣʲôܰæģǡǡ

ҹ˲ͬ˵æܡ
սţԺﴫӿ޺
Ϸ壬սݣͱů֮Χ»ȦʱкЩˣȸﻹ̷֡

ҽ£֣æȥнӹ
һƣӿ޵ͷǺԭ۰׵Сͨ죬Ӵ
ֱḽ϶ӵĶͷ̡

ô£
Ҷ˻𣬳ǰվŵȸ˺ȵôᷢգ
ûӣһӳ⣬Ҿûǡ

ȸæĨᣬĿİͰ͵Ŀ޵֪ǻū˵㵰࣬ŸСľͷιһ㣬û뵽Ȼˣ޵ô岻סʵûӣֻܰѷ

ʲôã򰡡
õȸȻҡźӡ
ûû£ˡ
˭֪ң޵øˣСӾҵŤ·ѿ
ҼˣֲסĦӵСԴʣô˶ӣ㵽Ķ
ȻϺȻһȣֶӾȻˣæϣ׼ѣһƣֻϡʺһʱ䣬Ҳ֪ϴֻǸŻ

ʱԱŵǰҵɣϽϴһ¡

üʲôʱģ˶ã
ŭĿնѾѵ򲼲ȥճʺ򣬿ˣģѪŪҶӱϡ


һק䣬Ťͷȵӻϴ
ͬʱѹƢϥһ񣬳æţ˲кȻȥɡ


֮ɫŨЦУõžĵطܿڣ̫ҽԺҲʶ

лˡ
ҴĻʵҪ⺢ӵ˵ȥҡҡ

İɡ
æͷͬʱߣǾˡ

ҸûնæȥϴֵˮӻϷӲϴϵѪʺ
޺øˣҪš
ȸﶼϸϸز麢ӵӣǲǱˣˣʲôҧˡ
Ƿ鿴ʲôûУյøˣ̣޵ö̡

ҵͼƵģ޲Լæȥ˵޻պЩĨģ¡

ҴǸԼûˣһ׹£Ļˡ

ȸ뷨ӸϢǲæճ

ӷ¾ͿޣһֱĦıתƣԺд˿ɢҩˣι
֪ӿ࣬һ㶼Բȥֻǿޡ
ˣſϻ˯ȥ

ĲӰô죬ӱջô졣
ʹԼΪʲôҪ̰ͼôĸۻ䣬ҸѣΪҪѶӴȥȪйˡ

Һ޵úݺݵسԼ⣬˭֪̫˶ӣСӲ֪ʲôˣߺؿС־Ȼҵ

˲¡
Ƕӳʲô£ҸôҲ֪

ԼĪһʱԺȻ󼱴ҴҵĽŲ
ûãͽЩˣѴźԺдˡ

ɫ˲Ѵ멣һͽͷϵëůñӳҴҵسϸſҼͷ˯ŵĶӣսöͷӵͷôô̡

֮ǰжԹҾж

һѣ˲£ô찡һֱޣҵˡ

𼱱𼱡
ҵļοңǼûã̫ҽƣŴϡ

Ļæط¡
Ȼһԣסѹ

ʱ̫ҽ֣ڴߣСĵظ˯ȥȦ綼ˣҺѸǰֳ˫ȭ߬סûסС̫ҽСľͷôˣ

֪ܱҸģϾҹϺӡ

̫ҽƬ̣üСӵ֢򣬺ϴζʱһҪô඾δ壬Ҫôֱ
̫ҽ͵ס죬ͨһڵأ˵

⻰ʲô˼
һƿѣҶӲǼ򵥵طȣǲжˣô֮ǰҾͻɹ㷴ЦҶġ㿪ʼʼһֱڲңҲ˵ˡҽƣôȻôģѶӱҸԭôڻ׼ʵô

֮ɫŨתŭ棬Ťͷȵ޼ƲǼ澵죡





104.  ̹   ̹

104--̹

ࣿ

ҵʱס

һֱ, ܾŻὫСľͷжд̡

û뵽ǲ

֮ǰ֮ңܼҰᣬͼǼҵĻλ㲻, û뵽ֵֿܼ, ˳ǻ, ֱһ̻Ȩ

ѵλ˲ܼһ顰ҾҶ, ⱳʲô˼, ʵƵ, ˾², ĲռҶڹɪɪ, ڶʥ衣

ôǼ澵ΪҪıҶӣ
ԻλĲôǳҼСģھȵ̫ô

Ϊ¶ĻԹޣ

ǰ, ΢¾֪ʱʱ, ɲλˡĸ׻еʱ

ᱻС, ҵĶƽ, ҡѿڿ˵պѶӽ̫, ֻҼ, Ƕȥ, Ը, ϹӶܿС̫ƫˡ

ôǲΪô

˭ɵģ

һ˲, ֿܣһǹᵽģѣ

ⶼôˣ
Ҳ֪ԼĵӺͻô˵棬ӽϵĴƿյһȫϣָ⺢Ǽģ㶮ֵز㻹ң㻹Ȫйң

̫ⷬݣ˲䣬ȫˣͷ̧

ȸҸǰҲǲ˵͵͵קҵȹӣʾұ淸ϡ

һѳȹӣҧгݵصѣʱһɱҲɣҪǸ£ĸһɱˣҲ徲

ʱۿקŽֻС첲ţ·ұ

æйȥӱץסӵĸ첲һ֧סӵıסظ̫ҽɫŵӴΣǿЦСľͷˣʲôĪ絽鷿ʱ¡

ţ̫ҽǻ֮ǰСľͷҩԡô

̫ҽæӲͷ亹ǣ˵ǡ

ⷬҵĻЩбɫʮѿѣص˦ӣߡ

ҿŵǺȻӷøˣԻͷƼѹȻ

ҼӿŲŭسձ߳ȥû뵽̫󣬾Ӹһ롣
Ƽˣʲôû˵ĬĬؽ¹ҺãȻ˫ֱ󣬽ҳȥ

ʱɫѩִ˼֣СԺϲ¼ŵİס

û˼ѩֱ߽鷿

黭ϵֽɰȫˣԵЩ䣬ټûƵƣããġ

ҽȥһƨϣ޵ؿڱӷָ

̧ȥĬĬصͷݣŹغãͷɥ߹ҪҰҸǰ˭֪ûҵֻüվǰһԵضҵĽż⿴

ԽԽ

㻹Ҷã
صԼĴȣͷûⱲӶ֪˭

ޡ

˵
Ҽ̵شŭѺӱߣѮĸʱҾ͸˵ӸоԾûһֱ㲻ΪȻ˵ҹң̫ɣҿ׶̫ҽ˵жĻҶôԼ㣬Сľͷжڶˣĸ˰


߲֮ɫҽ͡

˵
ԼؿڣûˣҲʲôʵʲôϣҾ͵Ҹɷ㣬⺢é޼ҴӱʲôŮ˶ٳģͬʲôҰģ

㿴㣬˵ʲô
ЦЦ߹ᰴҼϣ⺢ӵȻ

ԭ֪
ٴδĻ޵ǼȻģΪβúչжΪβңݵһԣҵʱ

һֱ˵ûῪڡ
С˾䡣

㣡
ֱˣʹ˿ŭסֱӣֱУ˵ԭԭ˵˵ôıҶӣôѹ

Сؿңʣ޿ɾͿʼ˵ˡ

ٲƴڻ
Һ

С
Ѵӻͳӣ׵ҽűߣ̧ۣҪҲᡣ

һѴ֡

һЦӔJĦҵȣĬãŵ˵Сľͷж£ȷǲֱʡͺӲԾˣ̫Ķɣ޻˳ŷչСľͷﱻ˶ӳ̣ȻҲжˡ

ȵ㲻ǿڿ˵չ˺ӵ̫඼ǲ˼ôж

ǲͨɨС̫࣬Ǹ̫ҩķʳǿûԾӾ͡

µ˵̫ҿҡ

ʲô
Һ޵š˼ĸ첲ʡ

ҲǶͨҩҩ̫ӳӡһһʮظҽ

Һ޵㻹ôŶˣʮˣȥʲô£ÿǷǰɣһ˿綼û͸¶

ǰ
æⲻҪôͷֻвһ漰ʲôЭͬҲһѣ޵úú

˵⻰ʱظҵıĿǰ϶¹ϲ䣬˵СľͷûްҲúСľͷһ۰СľͷԹޣ͡͡

ŶŹˡ
Цϵ˫ۡ

ǣ治ǡ
ߣסҵӣ漰¶ˣȫ̿޽޹졣

ǡ
ЦԭµĲ.˪ͺ׶죬ûֻǽ°ҲòҲҪڵذѹɲ뱣סĸô

ˣ޾ʵ˵
ĿƵؿңֿ޵ȷ˼ڶ֡Դȥ֮Һ󣬲ӾͲ̫ƫŭ˽´ڶڶǸТ˳ӣĸףʲôû˵һֱĬĬš޴ףɾڶʲô˵ȻϽˣ޻Щɻܾܱʲôˣ˺ܶΣǰԲغ˵˵һҧгݵ˵Լ̫ͨɵģһЦ˵ʺָʹȻ˵εģ˵۶ӿģһҪ𡣡

ѿЦԥãŵΪβ㣬޺ĴѺӱߣޡԼչ˺úӣû뵽ˡʵڶԲס㣬źӵָˣܺŪȥҲޡʵʱͦġ

б۵

ʱѾҪˣȻý·ָȺһһ׮׮˵

ɫܿͺڳһƬ

˭˵

ţվţԳĬ

ʼ²Ĳ࣬ıҶӵԭ޷ǼѶ̹׵ģѾѺͷмǻ

ѡ
ʱ˺Ů˵˼άǺܲһġ

Ŀ־壬Ѷ³׵׽󣬵Ѱʵʱٸԭί࣬ʱҲýЩ

ʵĹҲûһϱûгײǰȷôݾߡȥ꣬òϸ֣֣֮Ҳ

ɵôôء

ϣѡɲܲ϶ʲôˡֻҪҶӣҾͲԭ¡

Ⱥڰû鷿һ˿ʱ̾˿˵ȥ䣬˵Ѿ˼͵ߣ¶Ӹ᲻ѧһıĵͽӣ㣬ýݴʷ»УӶŮڲࡣҶ˵㡣



˵ꡣ
Ѿûʢŭ侲˺ܶ࣬ԱͷᣬʲѣҸıˣѣҲҵʵúšһʼСӣиֻ֣ϣܽ׳׳ԵʲôҪҵûûʵ̻ӣԹңֻҪúõģҾڡ

˵⻰뿪

ڿųȥʱƼĬĬҷϣ˫첲֧ϣص̾˿֪ʲô

ѩ׷ɣСԺҡҷƣƵӰѩϣů˷֮ء

˫ִŷĸ첲Ϸȥ

սȥżŨҩζ

ǰȥҵĽ֧˸磬ͷӣϷ˸ľ裬ʱѵùģľ̫ҽǰӣϴҩԡ

ɵӲ֪ԼôˣֻˮˣСĴˮƼˣЦ۾СֱȻϵ껭޻ÿ

ѽСľͷʲôѽ
ӣæȥ̫ҽλã̫ҽ˳ȥ
ҴӺסӣˮϴӺͷ춺ԭϴѽ

Сľٸߵݸңﺬغ衢衣

ݸһЦšĶ䣬ǽңǽк飿˵Сѽ

գԲĹĵ۾Ծ߿Сˮ

ܣ˾䣺澣

⻰ȻһЦͬȫ˵ˣ


һ̾˿ԹҲǵģô˵ʵأôá

ūҲ·˾嵣ǡ
ֽĦӣҹƼǰûˣѹ
ȻǼ澳ԼµĶūܾ͸ŹаԣƩϽսɨ̫СӣСµ׸ҩɰ³ںɻزȿˣǻع飬֤Ѿûˡ
ūϸСӣϲǮƽղûкλУҲûʲôˣūС֮⣬ٰʹϣϷɱСڣͶˡҲЩɻûֿ˴òϣٲɡ

š
ӦŹƯĶӣ޵ʲȥأµǲģǱԵʲôˣ

ʱ֪
ü£Ϻͻʺˮݣƽûʲô飬֣ԴϻΪСľͷ£˱£¹֮˹δѵ⣬ҲáǸˣ÷ڱλãᴥµĵߡټ深ӣ°нһЩҪ½ӦûǸ͵ƲϺ̫ҽ˵ںδףҩι̼ɡʵѾõĲˣ֪ΪͻȻַ˸աūʹ̫ҽ̫ҽ˵ǰȪйأҪģҩ裬϶õġ

лչСľͷ
ϥ󷽷ظһҧ޵ֻҲڹУҪԶ֣òǼ澵죬ٸСӹຮòҲ

ˣ

ȶң¿ȦʰޱæˣȥСľͷЩ
û˺ֻüֻūǰԹ¾ˣٲ˸ǰ˵һ֡סʺ󡢹ǱµŮˣܳܰɱĸ׺ٲվǱµĹ⣬ֵú壬ƩΣȰ֧̫Сסصظ̿ʣ׻żֺӵ档

˵⻰üͷɿЦḧСľͷԴģͨūȥģūÿգеµĸɶǴ죬ù




105.     ĸ֮

105-- 

ݹҩ, Щû֮ǰֿ֣С뵰Ҷ, ǲ, ̫ãڴСľ

û뿪, һֱǰٷȡҲû, , ڴ󴲵һͷ, Ҳʱʱ̶̿Ŷӡ

Դ򷽲鷿̸, һ仰û˵

ǻȸʱ͵͵ͬҶ, ˵Ҳ̫ˣܱô谮Ǿ, лϷô, ĪҪٵ˵ѿ, һ, ʲôأ

ʵ侲, ҲЩ, Ҳͷһκ޹˼ɵ



뵽, ҳѿȥ

ƺӦ, Ŀԣ̾˿ֵͷ, ĬĬתŴĴָϵİָкŹɸ֮ɫǸȻк֪ʲô

ãϢشչбڶӸǰָŶСֽţ˿ڣָͷص¶ӵСţţһЦḧŶӵСԴ

ʱӳЦԼİСľJ

Ҫʳѽ
˼죬װԣӣʳллӡ

˵ָңȥιΪһգڷûԡ

ûᣬͷСľ

ȻСšץסҵվҡҡλվ󣬲ҵĴȣûȣһԼ˫ӿϣ˱ָͷ

ҵһָۣӿؿʼᡣ

Ѻͺ˵˼·±عͬ£ͨɨ̫СӸĸ¶³С

ʮҷ쳣ҲֲԾѿʼ

֮󣬾ǲ˲ϺСӡ

Ȼû֤Ӧ֤ıҲϲ䣬쿽ʡ

ڵľǣѺͺ͸аԣȷΪСӻȻУ

ΪԲ¶ʲô˴̼ߥɵʹ

ǣȷǸŮˡ

֮ʱѰٰ㰵ʾʾĸӣκελ̫ˣܼ˽ºƽϢHٴңֶΰѲŵ߶ټ֮ǰѰСʧȥӡǣͦҡ

ʲôϵҶʲôϵѵĶԹ

ֻԼڹУһ˰ٱǧֻ

Уʵʲȥ

ֻżȣû⣬ʵڵһ鲻ǸνаԣҲߥ޽ϵˣѻΪϷ񲣬߿ڵķϣ𷣽λݺͷŹࡣ

ǲС

ҸҶҩҾݲûôģûô󣬿ûôࡣ

⿴ѣѾˣӵСϻͷָḧŻ

ԲסˣҲǹ⵱ġ
ҰѶӱסͷŶ˵Ҫңʮϲӣҵ

˵Ҽ

Ųͷʹ£ԲסûܻסǵĶӣ

ȭͷ߬סҧÿ죺

ޣޱýųն尮ޣǹҲʹףδ壬һЩ˳첢˳ӣڹ޵̬ȣܴܲݵ£ܲ»κݲ£㣬˳췴ã޵ǿԸӣûҪκڳôκͨĲܼңֻܴѪ̣ҷŹ

ѺȻ̧ͷ˫ɺ죬ʮ֯}ˣָСң޵޺һĺӣ˵ģǸúͺģСǸԼģۣܲ޵֪ıѾѶ׼ˡ

أ
ҴĻֱܼûԹҲǨŭǣҲٶӣҲٷ裬ֻҪ

ѵͷû

ԽԽ

ұסӣ΢΢ǰ㣬һѣ˵׼һپˣûû˵µֻͨĺҩǱ°֪֪Сӱܰ

Խ˵ԽޣӳɴͷϽϣָѵļͷǶʱն࣬ңֻ˵أŽֿ޺²ֹذɡ

ѵıţ˫ҵĲû޳Ƽϵ飬žž뻳Сϻͷϣ첼ɫȾø

Цʲôڹﱻ۸ܿ࣬ڹӭÿռҸƵĽ̷˾¥ȥཿЩƶȴûԼ׶ӣ

ҵѣԽԽƣֺ̧޵úݺݵشԼ⡣

ʲô
һץסҵ֡
Σ̧ͷˣʱҲ棬΢΢ţȻԼһ⣬̫󣬰ҶŵСһ¡
Բס޵Ĵ

ʲôʱ
һӿ֣Ĩᣬü׷ңҾҪʵʲôʱ

ͷֵˣкȻĨʹࣺ²岻ٲ顭˵ڶǺӡ
˫شû£糺һƬټӻζͬ˰㣬ŶӵıͣſЦ޵ʱع㹬Ĺ̫࣬Ҳڶеǰʹ޽ع㹬ڶʵѾ޸ǰ޿ĸ־ķϣˡϡ⺢һϣޡ

ԣʹ˵ĸˣͳûĺˣʺ۰ԼĶŮ۰СʵܣǶ˭۰СûѵҲöӳûĿôĹȫöӳе

˵סۣҲ˵ȥˡ

Ҳ֪ⷬ˭̸ڵģҲڵĻ
Ŀǰ棬ѺܻܿΪڵİ󣬶˲Ҿٺޣκηɲ˽Ƕ

ʱѾԵɵɣϿ˯ˡ

಻ôʵ

ҧ⣬ʹǿԼ侲Ȼʱ˵ǷңѵŮˣɳɰɱѵĹ⡣

ǷΣڰٰ㰧ˣǸı󶯵ˣ̫ҽ˵©죬Լ˽¶̴òϣҡ

һֱɱ˲ϣǾǱڣǸӹϵ

ңҾãᣬҵĸ

뵽ˣҵͷͷĦŶӣһҲûĺӣ˭۰㰡

ҡҷҺٴĬ

ʵֻ̫ҵĳʱʱ̾

Һֱҧ޵УҿԲҪ


ס˿æģޡ

˵ꡣ
ҴĻѾ˯ŵĶӣΪҶ󣬸Ϊ㣬ΪڡûĺӣڹûԼҲһûѾͷ֪û׸ĸĺжҡ

ѵˣĬ

ֱĨȥᣬؿѣǣӦҡ

˵
æ

һĿǰܽˣҸǰұҪӿ

á
ѴӦʹ죬ĦŶӵĸ첲ЩҲ£øһЩʱ䰲š

ڶ
ȭͷ߬סü׷ȥСӵҲò⣬δҲ̫ˮ©ˣԾ

ⲻ˵Ҳȥ
ɫѾָ糣ʳָŴȣü㡣

⣬ӡ
ʹѣ޵ð빬Ҫֽѵⶾղۡ

á
ѸɴشӦŤͷɴŵĺȵּع㹬϶ĻԹͼıݶţΪĩȲˣع㹬گ̤һвӣɺ̫͹ͬ



оҵȻĿǰҲֻˡ

ҹұ˶ã󱳺͸첲ЩӲ

ѰС̺ãСůؽӷ£˭֪շ£Ȼˣ۵һޣĽҵţǲ˯

ûӣֻܺűĶͷеա
޵üʣǲǶˣ
æ﻽ɶֻ˼ڣƿ..ˣҲԸﱧûӣֻҺֻű˻ˡ

ҺһһַֽŵȵСϣ֪񷽲ţշˣ۴ޡ

ô°
ҼҲˣӣԼѽ⿪ҵϣ
ôһ¾Ϳޣ

ѴչظȺͷ̾˿ϲɡ

Ӧǡ
ӦѸøСǶȣֳ˼̣е㳱
ظѵѣȻ󣬺ȻƼиۺĸ
ѣ̨˹
ҵͷϸǸСָ׸ôСĸӲ.챻ҧƵġ
ʲôѽ
̧ۿѣüֲһͿޣԭи

ӣֺǱʲôҧˡ
˵䣬̨ϸ鿴ľѺ͸ǵСӣ˰죬Ҳûҵʲô棬ָᰴ¶ӱǸ񣬶ӱܵһ˼

ѣ̫ҽƣ̫ҽҲ˵Ӧӣû£Ĩҩͺá

˭֪Ĩҩ󣬶ӻǷŲ£Ҫ˱š
û취ֻƽţö˯ϣҲˣͷؿڣСְұסȻ˯

ô˸ǷỤסӵСƨƨؿ

ޱ˯
Ѵչƿ㶼һˣޱ
˵Ц˾䣺кɲС

ҰСôˣ˵ֲ˵Ķֻܿޡ

úúã˵ˣôô򡣡
죬ɵ࣬űӣḧĸӣߴҿ˯

һʼ˯ţʵƤܣ˯ȥˡ

ҹѣȻؿƮƮģӲˣһţﱧ˯Сľͷʱͷʹ˯ˡ

ʲôʱߺӵģ
̾˿ҲĹƫˡ

ȥͷ˲衱شϣѻﱧߺӣû뵽ˡ


Եɵɵۣʣʱˣ

š
¶ӵͷ˿ڲˡ
̽ӣͷѰںã
ҪϳϽ˯ɡ



*

ʱߡ
ȸܸˣ˵øҸ˲Ըû֡

ҡȸ̫ҽѺϤϣϵĸȽȥԭΪĲػá

û뵽ˣ˱Ĳ

Ӻ˸շʱǶΪӣͿҩ࣬ûᡣ
û뵽ȥֻСָ׸ôһİȻ˴ĴָСм仹ŧԼܿŧкɫĵ㡣




106.  Ԫ   Ѳ컨

106--Ԫ

Ҳ֪Եĸĸ᲻, Сľͷ˵£漱ĸͼƵģһ۾Ϳʼ˼, , ඾δ壬ΪȪˣ
ͨӣǶ
ٿµ, Ѳ컨

ס죬Ҷûô˯þ, װ, θҲô, ˾¡ƼҲ, ס˵С, ͻĲûôȬ̫ҽ, ſģԼҲˡ

Ĵ, Ÿͨ, Ҳûƽ, ЦĬĬˡ
ҲԼе, Ǳ, һܹ˵Ĳ, Ⱦ, ĸӿǡˡˡ

ЦЦҵͷԼŻԼ, ̫ҽ˵ͨӣ컨˵ˣ컨޻ܰԼӶˣ

⻰ӣ

չȥϵǸˣŧˮѺӵƤŵ͸ܿͷиڵӡˣŧˮȥ̫ҽûã˵˿úŧˮƤϣӡ

⻰ҲǸˣȸŪ˺Щ͸ɾ޻պҩ࣬ظĨ
ѹҰѶƽ˯ˣҹֻҡѻкһޣסϣֻű˯

ʮһʮġ

ߵʱٴұż̫ҽĻĲ϶ܺã˵λҲˣѾָʹŹٵȥˣ˰Ͷϵĳݣǿӱ޵شĽ䣬ʱŶȥƲΣ

¶ŵȵһǼ
Ǵð͵͵ȥӴ˸ţУҴ˵ҲϣǰҺȥĽš

ܿ죬Ӿðţ˵Ѿ˳ȥʰһ£еʱҡ

ҲǲѺλָʹ֮ҴӰæĵ֮⣬һʲ϶Ҷϸڡ

ҪӣҲ֪׳ȥãϸʰд붼ģЬࡢůñӱӡСͰС룬һС

Ѿʱˣڵ̵ĺ̺ϣȸҴ磬ͷϴ˰׺ƤѾףƣ۵ڻϵţҲ֪ɳȥ϶̫ҽû

ҳ֮ʣСܽ˵ˡ
ʵû˼к䣬ðֱӰߣתһ룬ͬһҲӱ˵Ŀˣæȥӭ

ȥѩɵġ
֦ѩѹСԺѾɨˣһŲ̧ȥͰˡ

ʰ޵þ񣬴멣ŵ˫ţƤѥŹȣҸ¼Ÿᣬɫƣ۵׵أ·𰾹ҹƵġ


æӭȥϥЦʣôˣӻָˣ

ӡ
ͷһż⣬쳤￴չĴæҲûϸĺӡʱƼСͣļôҪԶţ

š
ҵû̾˿һһطӣǰϺ󱳻˸ŧҴȥѰҽơ

ǮôֹôòҸȥ
вްǣ˱ᣬֻܲܰæ

ˡ
ٴθЦѽѣ⡣
˵䣬Ҳ룬Ըȥë

ݺ佫ϵĴ£ãſڵƤСϡ
Ťͷƴľͷ̾˿Ҹ¼еǸύңЦҲ㳤ϻؼӾˣֳ˾ҩʦԸ¾һǸӵļ񣬶ͷϣտ

ұͷᣬ˫ֽӹݺ񣬱תӷȥᣬæȥ
ºӵСԴָ䣬λ塣
գ䣬һЦֻ۾гС

ǸƯĺӣ㡣
ЦŶ˵
սָºӵıͷЦʣӽʲô

û˵ӵЦǶСľͷ
˵ҰѺӵݸ䣬ݸɡ

һʼ̫ңԥƬ̣Ƚȸ
֣нӹӡ
ɾձס˲䣬۵һޣʹŤӣһ첲ңұ޵ʵСܿͱˣͺ˭һƵġ

Ҹæӹӣҡź޲ޣڣϲ壬ǲǣ

ҲǹˣֻΣδζŵôޡ

ʱֽסҵĲӣ޵ԽСʹţ·ߴҸϽ뿪

ȻֻԺдҵĽŲӳͽȻ𣺡ƣ׼ôгѩ۵øϽ·ҹǰ͵Ľˡ

˵䣬Ӿӽˡ
źɫװͷͻ멣ͷͼ϶ѩŰѰ崺δǰӢ°˲磬ԵӲʼ㡣
ӳɨۣĿϣü䣿

λ·˰ɡ
䱧ȭ񣺡

Ӻ䣬δᣬ崺ձ𣬶ҳʰ޺ˣھ·ɳȥֵܷɸ봫϶ѾˣҹܸϵĽ䣬Ҳɡ

С
æкȸϸţεضһЦʵڶԲסˣߡ

ް
ЦҪ˸Ͻ̰ɡ

Ƿһ񣬴ʰӵСϻůññӰãҴߡ
΢ͷƼ崺ƽ䣬Цᵧļ磬ѹвȥܺԼ죬򱾹ٲѵѪӽ˼ǰɡ

Ƽˣﲻ̫ûֳСľͷҴҳ˼š

*

µҲûʲôܻ䣬ôҺȸͬһ˺ܺı죬綼ˣһ͸˵ȥץסͼվ
ҿͬȸߣؾصڳڣ崺࣬ʱ̶ʱסӡ

ҴҵҡҷڳĽֵԽƿͷȻ׷Ʈ˴ѩ

Ǹ
ˡ

ҺʹӾͬʱڡ
ĿԣѸٵͷָͷḧŵϵŵֻ綼ɫƽᣬ˵

лˡ
ƣ˿һЦʵڼòУ˼ȥֻ㡣ԲסˣûиŵĹ£

Ļ
ݸ̵ʱǳǳУС˽Ҳûʲôæģ֮ͰˣܰϷ˷ֺС˵ҡ˵СҲڲܲ¶ûи͸¶ֺ綼ⲻȥˡ

ⲻ㡣
̾˿ڰѰ˸ĺӣݸӣǱ²˵⣬Ƕҵġ
˵ǰ̽Щʣ㿴ж£ǲСӵģǱʲô˲ֵģ

Ӵӵĺöţ⣬°ͣڳԣմмƬ̣üѾ֪ĸ¾ͱ¶СҲеĶǴӰ³ɨ̫Сںɻпʼչ¶ͷǵġʱСӵʬףҲûʲôҪ£ֻʧŷСӺ󣬺ͺȺɺӲԾſʼѾСһˡ

ҽװ̾ƵƤҴ򿪣ݸӣ˵

С˺ͺһ飬һʼҲǴչĸֺֻ̫֣ǲĸżикȻСǰס﷭ͨĻǺҩһǧƱдΣһ֧Σǹģһϳǲ֮ŰĿ¶׼СӺͲʱСӵʬ綼յˣҺû˷ʬ浵

Ӳ죬üСԺбҹ˺ۣθﻹδĴԧ֡ʢŭʼʱϣֱСóʱɪ£η֮ɫڳĸɵӣܿϸйأ涯̣ˣ˵½Сӱعʱɷگƺӣʺ󡢹̫ȥˣʱɢ˺п˾䣬ͷϴŵǸСñӿĹᣬĻδްҲһɡ

⻰ǹ
֣ʲô˼
ȭͷ߬סĲϣ

Ҳǡ
Ӻ˿̾ƣü֪ģȥСͻʺѲ˸ϵԲһֱͻʺˮݡݲϽʱʺ˵⻰ųڼ˵иĺӴڣûľʹֽñӣ̫أ˭ܳܵ𡣡

һŵȸȥˣǴĵô

˭֪ء
Цҡҡͷŵ˵СӺԽԽޣԼĪ¶ʮʱǡ԰СӣСʱöǮˣĲյ׼͵ǡɺͲײ˸СȻٰ㰧˵Ը˵йӵܣȡķŹԭһӣˡ
СӸ߲ϣû˵ʱͺԹ䣬˵ӽ£еǸ£ûԬ๫ԣֻաЦ˵̫һĵ˴£СӲáȥǸᡭ

ҵʱסѿڶСӲŸ߲ϣǱ¹ô

ɲǡ
Цḧӣŵ˵ʱСӺ淢ԣ˵иӣ԰ѵǸĻӵļū˽ʱͼ֮£綼ԱĻԹޣ˵Ҳֻնййߣ˶ѣСӵûϵ̫ҽºСµǼҩ˵ȷͨģֻмζҩӤʳʱճˣƢθꡭ

ꡭ
ظ仰ӣʱץСľ˵ĻãȻ֪ڿɵɵһЦļ̌𣬵ݸҡ
Ҳģôôݡ
ô³ڣ˿Լ侲ԣⷬ˵ǣƺֻͨСҩ֪ҩԣСӾȻҿűºͺ˵Ͳͨɨ̫£

һеģ
ӵͷ¹ɺ飬СȥݣСӵұԪʮˣʮǰ빬һʼ̫ҽԺҩֵֽŸɾʵ֣һװĦ˵ãǰɺΣƽûλɽӽ빬ʱˣǽеĶ񫣬ǼҩԼģ¶󣬴Уָֻ֤ݣƺѾ˶ɾ͸Źɡ

аԣ
ŷƵĿڣ硣

û
ЦҲôģǽ׷ȥɲȥһǰϱƺҲ˶ۣݶ˲λݣƺ˽ᵽˡ

ûôף´Ӧң顣
ҴϴӵĻ˿ȦƲϺҶӣ̫ˣ˭ʺ󣿹

ڴʱȻͣˡ
ֻͷ󼱴ٵæƿ⿴Ƽӳķʮִ崺м令

ʱнͣ£һС̫ſϣţѴӳӳɫ멣С̫³

Ƽɫ΢䣬ȸȥ˽ԹѩнӼݡ

ѵɨ۴ӣδ˵ʲô̫ź
󣬷ԸϽ̣󽫴ѵŲҸǰؿңκЩգ޲˵ˣڼţô

ҵȲ˰

һҲ֪ôˣҵˣſڽϵĶӣʵôܿࡣ
Ұӵݸѣ˵أôˣ㡢ǻʵۣ׳ô

ЦЦḧŶӵСԴܷĸӹ⣬˵ˣֲéĺӣĶӰ
˵ô멽ҹס§ڻǰ̫ҽԺԺУͨǧСƣöҲ˫ӱŹ֣ɣҲܷЩĽ仹Զ㿿˯һ˺޽㡣





107.  Ľ   Żʵȥ˽

107--Ľ

ұסѵĸ첲, ͷļͷĴ̰Ƭ̷, Ӵʱƺ, ͷϵСϻůñ£ѽѽҧСľ, Ūȫǿˮ

ǾһлԪδУҩ, ǡ, , Ҷֵ, ϶ûµġ

ʲô
ѺȻʡ

Ԫ
˾䡣

̾˿ҵ, ʲôδ˵ãĵ, ͬ˵ʵһʼ޻ɹ㡣

ţ
ֱ, ŭ
ҡͷһЦ, ס, , ͷϡ
Ħҵͷ, ޾Ҫغ, ʹͨ˸, ޾ùĴСľͷǰôСľͷԾ, ͳˣ˵ͨɺԸӣ޵ܴĿжϳǶˡˡǹٿޣͬµʱ򣬺Ȼˣ򷢺غƣСľͷȻˡʵڣžѪɡ

ߡ
ȡ

ץסҵ֣Ҷ
ٺԪ·޺ȻԼˣȥΪκ򵽽ݷģǡԪɨĴ˰ϵĽ¯Ū˾࣬޴ŭѻ̫ϣʮӣ޾룬Ԫ᲻ΪǺޣԹ˺޵İӣ

˵ء
ЦŹ˾䣬˸УϺŵС˯ұģԼôֿʼϹˣû£۶Ӹ󡭡

棬ʵòУȻ˯ˡ

߰ģμȥ촽ˣһ߳ԧ֣һķҩҩͷɭɭһЦ

ѣ͵ض¡
һѾҹˣҡҡλεǰУ֨ѹѩǻ谵ڹ̶ĹѾˣڰװ˷úů¯

ϣۼ£ﱧŶӣſ˯ˣëϹССĲӡ

ˣ
ʡ

˯˶ã
ӷʹ

ʱˡ
һЦϾ͵ĽˣԵѸ⡣

ԡ
˸ſϣһЦ

Цʲô
ʡ

ҺȻ롭
ҽرסĸ첲㲻ѧ䣬ˣֶΰѻʵ۹ߣѩҹ˽


̿ŤͷҵĶͷ޾ͱմˣӴ˲سˡ

˵䣬Ƶͣˡ

õԶͷһӳ𣺡£ѾĽˣСȥѾվ͵ɾָʹǱҲ˼ӼţѾӵ˶ϣʹˣҽϵ̫С£ԼĪʱܵ

֪ˡ
Ӧ
°ѺӾѣҴóСӺñӡ
ŵظӴáã

ĿȥĽǰ˴£ʮ໧˼ң͵ªǸǽΧСԺԺиԶżɳζ

ʱѩͣӱ鲼һмʮˣѩȫӡԶһƬҰǺ

ǰȥҴҴԺܳߴϽɨҺӭ˽ȥ

ӺСȻѾɨ¹ùˣźüĶ޽ƾɵķ˿˵ġӣƿﻹ˼ٺϻ

ðͭ˽ˮš˸ֽصݸѣЦºͷһ·ˣһȥȥ

ѲͲӣ˳ֽӹ̫裬˿ڣҵݵߡ

Һ˺üڣӶʱů˺ܶࡣ

ţ⣬ЦϾˣҪЩĵ棿

ˡ
ѵûǸθڡ

ڴʱͷ󼱴ٵĽŲʱţ£ָʹѾˡ

ô죿
ҺѶһۣʱɢ

Ҫȥ˭קסҵӣ΢죬ָͷĨҵ޳ȥ裬ȰѶӭ

һЦ°ͳŬŬȥɡ

ߺұŶվſڡ
ûãƼӹٵͷһӺݳΪ׵Ǹʮˣһɷڸͷϣݣָʹͬ綼ŵĴӼ̽˼䣬ָ

ʱҿʮͷСӣҵӳͷȡֻŵʣ첲ͷشߴ٣үǵˣա

ֻӳﴫߣʲôߣȥͶ̥ô

˸ۣңһϲܹұȭżȻЦˣС˻

š
΢Цŵͷĸ첲񳤸ˣҲ׳ˣЩˡ

æ಻࣬ԡ޺ޡۣҴ¿ˮ֪λү߯ѲˣôӦȻ˵Ȳãͷۣ˵ȵ۳سҽڲߡСµ£ֻƤͬĥôСˣӣҩȥȻС˵ףǳү棬˵˵Ű˵ָ̡ʹԹӣãֿʼڼӡһ·ˡ

ҡͷһЦ
ϺĶԹǿСû˵
참Ѷ̴˶٣үӿǰ޵˹
˭֪ˮתû꣬İĹӯжΣ˶Ƕ

üһϰ˼ӣԼԺ˿ڹײģ˽ȥǿȶͽֽǮ޷أԸΡ

Ƶû취ôǿӲˣѣ˾ͷҡУͷӡ

ӯǶżҴүȵģҲǶϵĳӣ
ҵӣҲǶְŵõģҶҲҪƣϿνҸĴˡ

뵽ˣæĨЦŶ߳ȥȥӭ
żǰƼ׷ͯյߣʮ꣬ŻۻЬ峵ǰŵָʹƢƵģϷͷŪɢˣôˣʲôϷȵʱ㻹ûء˵ϷȽŲãϲĴѩҹ·ƵǿϷ·

ȭˡ
žתͬС˵

ûƢˣڶ

ҡͷЦЦϣ綼׼Ȳ裬ůů

ҽʹ˦ӣСԺ
»谵ƣ΢΢ۣңϲЦտ

ҸæŶӹ£ϿͷүӼˡ

ô˵ģѾͷ
ϼ߼ǰңҽӣ´ңͷ΢Ц಻ɫԽˣʱ˵һ죬ͬ÷奺ˣ˸ˣ
ɨһĶӣĺӣ

š
Цŵͷæȸȥ

ãĺã
ϧؿңЦϷ綼ˣ÷Сӳĺľˡ
б۳ԺŵĴӵ˳ۣȻһЦĶѾͷҵķǸλȨصĹ˰ɣϣǸǡǸģ

ǡ
һЦæȥȡˣܼţĶӡ
˵æҡӵ˯㣬Ȼѣˣ

Ϸ򡣡
ͷ£סϸ춺ӡ
˵ӿ治ˣСſ˸УӯӯؿŶϡ
СӳñѾͷã治
ĦºӵͷЦ˵ԽĻžм񶫹ҲĻʵۡ

䣬ſھºͺôǿˡ

Ϸڹ߼ʮ꣬źȵۣĶҲΣ㿴⺢ӵ졭
ӶŤͷȻѣʱס·û㣬ʹҡͷ£˫ַأﳼųߵꡣ

ѻЦæǰһַϣ̫ҽδôӲʡ
˵䣬Ѹʹ˸ɫȥ޵Ķ̵ϣѩҹ̿裬ҹ·ˣյݽţŪƲˡ

ȫû˷ŵŭˣͷЦ

˼ԽϷϣϸǰͷңȻĴӱסңһЦ
˵ݵúܣն϶ҲᣬСӳⰵ㣬򲻵Ѳ߶УϰһºӵĲ

ˣˡ
̧Ĩ˰ѶϵȺЦﳼ֪Ѿͷǡȿȣ֪ǸСƲǶӱ޸ɺͰСҲǵģһֶ͸¶

ЦЦŤͷҵȣˣϽơ


Ӧæӽ⿪ҽͷϵСϻůñҲȡ£ŵӣúϡ

˵Լ۾ЩúƼյơ
ϸظţⶺſ죬˿ӵ࣬ѴǼҩ˵㣬ѴµȥƬ̣ҩƺм֣˵¶֮Ԫﳼʮǰ̫ҽԺԺУϡǵʱҩֺôС̫࣬װ׾ģ࣬ܺѧ

΢΢ͷüʣʱգ´ʱʳʮյĶ̣Ӱ죿ӣǲ඾δ壿

Ӱ첻󡣡
ЦҩͣͲأֱ˲٣СӵľͲˣϳϸƹˣӲãǰˣŷȣҪģϳķӣ˺飬ͻá

⻰ҺѶһۣͬʱ˿

æϵĲˮ˫ϣЦⷬͷˡˣӺ˸񣬺̫ҽ˵ӣⶫͷкڵ㣬·ۣһ¾Ϳޡ

üŶˣϷơ

ԣæСľͷϴСѵǶûҸѡ
СӹԹԵϣҰŪ
ų́˹ԱϿĸ壬ĦŶӰıָмǸ͸ŧʵ

ûſȥϸȻ˰ҩȡ룬Ǹָͷմ˵ŧˮűš
Ӱһ룬۵ú˼ίؿʡ
ƼҲסˣչͬһŵصȶϻظ

̫ҽ˵ӣ
ϱһЦʡ

ǰ
æҽտѲżһ

ǡ
Ϸ˸ۣ˿Լ֣ЦСҲܸЩ˽²΢ĩˡϷǱ׾ĳҲ̫ҽԺְμҵĲУȵۻ棬ּϷǲĳ̷ڲ࣬վĵطûУʱףֹĽҽȻܵԺˡ

ȿȣء
ʾϱѸǰԹֻæʣƣС񣬲Ѱô

ϵһЦңѾͷǲմѪġ

ҵʱסʲôʱճѪ

ԣˣ
һȻæѵǲǵ֮ǰɱ

š
Ѿˣæͷʲôϵ

ȪйĴգȥ츮̽죬Ű˵ˣҸϽȥ
ҽŵĺ٣첻ģҹˡʱ֣ˣڸǰվţæӲѪɴˣճڶˣҼǵҵʱˣû˼ˡ
˵æʶϣѪҶʲôϵ

һЦָŶŧҺѣܿͷиڵô

ü
Һͬʱ

ֻ档
üһЦֹƳϲѪζλѪճںϣƳżǰɳ
˵ḧСԴ̾˿ð緢˶棬Ѿͷ˵ӷŲ£ֻܱ˯һ¾Ϳޣǿ϶ֻצĶҲ۵ܲ˰

⻰Ҵ
Сȫ˵ʲôͬ첲˵´򣬳ҺһЦ




108.  С   ۵ý

108--

צ˶۵ܲס, Ảӡ

ϵ仰ͬһףҶը
Щ죬Ӹա, ټϺôʴǵĶ, ֲһ¾Ϳޣ۰, ѻ˵кô㽿Կ

ʱ, ۾, ᰴڶͷ, ˫, øʱ

ʵ̫ĺ޺ͲֻСԺӺʮ, ߶Ҳڣӣ
, ҵͷ޺޵˵˾䣺, ǾͶ۸Ҷ˵ɡ

, , ĸ§ס˵иŵ, Խ, ԽΣ, Խȡ
üͷš˸, ƽͳȣʣȻǹƳ棬ǴʲôкΣн֮

Σ, Ҳ֪ġ

æ涵ؿϡ

ҵĸ첲ʾұġ

ϽСӼﺢӴϣɫҲʲôϡ涫ıӹֶΣ۸ǵӣôЩϳڹﵱ˼ʮźλʺλ̫ɣ¼̫ˡ̫ҽԺĵظбԭϳ̫ҽԺʱͼλͬŸݹżƫ꿼֤ñɵģͷ˸ֶ涾ݡӻнͷϽơ
ʵõĺãҲǾ˵ҩֻϧЩȴҡֱϵʮǰʮǰʮǰƵĹƶʶȵʱѾΪ飬̫ҽԺһԪҩֵ͵Ĺա

˵˿Ȳ裬ָ˹°ͣ٩٩̸ıճӤķӣݶģĪСϵַӡ˶Ӥ㣬ӤĹǷΪҩټϽѺϡҩĶƳɵġֻøпյ룬ôһ׾ȥˣտʼ˿ڻ΢ףͬҧƵģӻַպ͸к֢򣬺Ӧˡ

΢΢ͷתŴĴָϴİָʣӤĹƶԺʲôӰ죿

ϵͷ̾˿߲֮ɫʱѲӤһһҲܷӿʳӤѪҺΪҪȫΣꡣ¹ƵĺಡҲɵж޷Ϊĸۡ

⻰Һ󼹱ֱճյؿӣɫСӣſ볤ڴף۵Ķһ顣
ûûεСӷ·ȫоʹ첲ϵĹ죬ӣ˵˫סſУŸճСвϣͷң﷢šѽ·ʾ⣬Ҹ

ѽ
ҽӹӣ΢ЦŸ֪档
ҺŬˣΪһĸףҲܵ£ҶҪңġ̲ס
ұסӣͷϣ

ѣ۾ҲˣϵͽŤתͷ˿˰ᣬֱϣǿЦ̫ҽⷬ޵һλ֣ҲɵûˣżȻĸǰģ˵ްʬȳԴᣬ·ӱʲôԵƵġ

ѵԲʣо𣿡

Ѿˣ˶ϣұסֹҵ

Ƽ㣬æҽҩóСƿɫҩݸҺѣЦǽ裬ǿ¡ĪҪģǰСӽͽĽҽǿ϶˵ԽĻϳͿЩ֪ȵʴȣûɱϳֻǽϳگﷴʡڤڤ⣬ȵϳһϳСӣ굱֮

Һѻһۣоȣ

šŵüͷ濪˿ּ̫ҽԺԺкѸߣƽϣżҽ䳤Ӷլʺҽտ̷ȵ۶꣬˴֮УΪҽˣͿ๦ߣߪΪ̫ҽԺԺУ̷֮࣬ױ֡ҽġҶڶżңԴ

⻰ҵʱס

żҵȵ۴ѹȥģ˵Ƿˡ
ϷŵĻƺԺкδ˶вʵòҲ֪̫ͬҽԺҵ϶ͬˮ

Ϊ˶ӣҲˡ

Ȼּ⣬Ĳյ˵һأ˰졣
Ǻ˰æлʱݺᣬ˵ϳȮߵлĽСӡ

ǰһַϣЦ̫ҽξΣ

Ҳ򵥡
ŤͷЦַӣһõںӱСӣڳ

Ҫ⣬͵سһ£æŶվʣǲаۻӵģûԵķӣܵࡣ

ϺȻһЦ˫ֱ󣺡ڶӣѱɳӣԼ
ϹٴζһЦϳ˵ˣ˳ϲѪСӲϼѪԳǰϳҩ࣬СӺ󱳣ԼĪʱңǳӾܳɳֻԼͻСӹֺ

Ѵϲ˫סϵ֣ˡ

ϵ֮ɫŨ΢Цֻмζҩѵá

˵
Ѵһӣη裬ҲŪ

ηǰа
ҡͷЦЦŤͷңʣѾͷ㵱ʱµİ»ô


һδع˰죬ֱţϣǶҾûʲôã˸ˣ綼ˡ

ϧˡ
ҡͷǺӵС·Ű
ѣЦûԼİ£˵ҲУͨ죬ټտ϶и˲ӣ߼۽ʵİɡ

ŤͷſŵѶϵĻס
Цʶϣʲôҩ

Ц˹ʶڶζҩͷһƬ
˵˼ؿԩƬͷӦúܺŪɡ

۶ϣѱȭﳼ

Цζҩ׸ĸѪϳ𼰱壬ʱѾͷŵѪ

ް
ѿңЦ޵ıɣĻҪʲô

һЦζҩ֮ֻӱεɰɡһζ
϶˶٣бۿĿƣ崺ЦƱаԣɷ֮ѹƣζҩһϰѪĵͿ˿ϲϸˡ

䣬ǰһѹƢѱȭ£̫ҽȻϷŪ³Ǻŵ걻֮𡭡

˭֪ڴʱһֱĬĴӺȻǰһγ崺ָס⣬ƺͷһ硣
˫ţݸϣ͵͵ң³ĵɡ

ݸص´ӵĸ첲οضԴЦģƼˡ
˵⻰ɨˣû˵ҩŪҲؾѲǼ澸޴˴

Цް



*

Ӻͺҹسָʹڴ˵ء

ǰһߣЩżض˵˵ҩúӵİã˵ĽСľͷʱգµܲ˵ͨǰѰ¸Сľͷ

ܾŮӾڹŹߣôǰ߲Ѱĸ˰ɣ㳤ûУұ鸽أ϶ҵĽ㡣

ҹ̾˯ˡ

ʱڸڴͶ֮ȥϢ

Ҹоϲ̫ԾؿƵģСҲЩۣ··ʲôӿ

һȸͬһȥڻѡ

߳ݺ»Ȧ

Բ£⻪أСԺΧסѱ紵졣

·ĸ첲ۣڴڵغҹѩ
ֱڣҶоƮƮģ·˸جƵġ

ûбߺӣҲ뿪ҳȥƴ⣻
û⣬Ͳʶ䣻

ûбϷˣŪѾͲԴͲᰵ֧ʹ˼дǷţ

δɱδźȥ̽Ͳңһؼң
δҺѾͲȥȪйСסͲȣ

ûбֵѪͲճںϣǸĹƳͲⱻ֡

Ҳ֪кθ룬ǺµúܣֱֽŶ

ȬҪѽ;¥еһӯóǰúõʩ£Ҷ£Ըѡ



һ紵Ҵ˸£ȸСȥ

СҲʰ޸ɾˣҽŴؽȹӣ׼ͰϽ֣ȻмһƬ졣

ҵʱס⡢ôˣ
ӣµºһֱû⼸Ϊšġ϶۵ý

ȸ
æѣŶӣƣ۵ϣʹ ȸ㡢ȥб¹ҺСˡ


ȸŵûʧɫæܡ

ûһҾһ󼱴ٵĽŲɫɷף˽ܿϸʹ֮ɫŨ׵ȱߣץסҵ֣ʣڸоô̫̰ˣ

ۡ
ίصᡣ

ʱƼϼҴҽ
Ҳüͷ壬Ƽȱ𶯵
Ϸ
˵߹ָҵϣϸ˼

ˣ
ѽסңȸȥˮ׼Ӻɴ

á
ҡҡͷתߣ¾仰ûѾͷֻ°ˣϳ¾ֹʹķӡ

⻰ڵһ¾ˣӺҲˡ
ҿѣҧס´һЦҡҡ

û¾ͺãû¾ͺá
ظ仰׵ҽűߣͷңָҵ°ͣƣ۵ؿЦˣˣĿŲסˡ



һĽȹֽŵһҹ

գӺͺϻˣ˽ҪҩӴཫ乬ϴ

û뵽ǣ֣ȻҲˡ




109.  ĺ   ϥ¹

109--֮ŭ

ʮͷʱ, ҵ˸ӡ
ҽ䱦޾ϸչ, »ˡ

ҲǸ, ΪԸ, ֻΪ˸£Ըƽ

, ĺù, ۵, ˭˺һ޺С

ʵ, С
ƶڰ, Ҷӣͼꡣ̶öĥ, ĥңĸıܴݲ, Ҫ, Ǿ֪ʲôʱµ, ˭µġ

, 
ҡң
ϳи˵һλ, ĸʵôõĸǴȷѪģǵѾ, Ǻ, ˵Ǿ͵õȡ

룬εǲˣ

Ҿòǡ
, ΪңǵҶ˸ۣϳ°أᱻͨΣزɵܾʹ

ԪˣйƵʱֺͲºҩʱغϣһʱֲĸȣĸں󡣸ֲıǱá

ʹҹϻسȥѰǼζϡҩӣҰϿķҩ

Ľأ

ѹĸ˸ӣѪɴպЩ󱳵ǸϣѪţһҹȥǸڵȻЩԼܿǸӲǳ棬аɫ㡣

һʼ۵ÿ˺þãϰˣίſ˯ˡ

ҺѼһҹδ˯ڸǰʱ̿



ϣ컹δҾڵĶˡ

˼ȥٵСʱصԺ˻ȭ⣬ٴغѰ˻¡

Һϴպ󣬻ѣ˷ĵصȴˣٵͷˣԲ֮˹ؿκ˳롣

ͷ͸ơ

ʱҰ˰ӣϺ磬ﱧӣԺ͸

ĿȥĽ滷ɽʱɽѩʫ续ŷִСĽѲӡڸ

ҵĻͰƽ˸

Сӣֻ¶˫Ĵ۾ȸڹٵ

ȸʱڱϣ§ߴٰƺͰЩľͻѩϣŮЦڼżŹٵҲ˵ÿЦ

Щ
ס۵СС֣ҡͷЦЦתŤͷСԺſڡ
ʱѺͶڿ¡
ϹźƤ멣ͷϴůñϿһ˿ƣɫҲЦؿ档
һֱںͶ˵Զ壬ֻܿʱʱüöϸ

£Ҳˡ
һֱڼƿһУɾԼƤӵ³Ԫôˣӣ϶ỻһѪʲôͲ֪ˡ

ڴʱƵ𣺡ˣ£ǻˡ

æķȥ
ȻٵͷһӣԼĪʮˣͷģǴӣǺ

м䣬

һ⣬ô
˲໹˭

ʱٵˣȸͰƸæСܵҸǰ

΢ϥյӸǰָϵΧСֻЩ죬ëСˮ飬˵ѽѽֱУֻ첲´

ǲǣ
˼ڶӣСϻůñḧͷҪβүүֻȡҲ

·˰㣬ٿȻС˷ܵŤ﷢衢衭
æתȥƼŸڸͷϣس֡

ԭӽеǺһһֱΪء

ﾹЩףæȸӹеſڣվѸǰ

ǰȥͷϴŻƤůñԭ紵ͨ죬겻ˣһһյ

ںǴӣϴżĺɫ磬崺ɫ糣ЩϣͦڿǰĿԼ䣬ǸĨԲЦѸٵͷ

¡£ϡ
һӣ𣬽İ£Ÿѿ

һŨҩζѪζʱӭСľ񻨽Уʮҩģһɫƹޣƹ޿Ӹ˺üֽû´Ӧʰ¡

ƻڶǰһʵһҹһ磬һδϣʵˡ

ϣū𡣡
æ£
ʱģüŪ۶ͨһ£ǸƹޱǰͷңȻžһԼһ⣬εūԲסˣҹؾūҵĽͬ˵Сľͷ£ܲܡܴ߲ܲ


һ⡣
һʱٸнָмʵڲԹֻ˾䣺ôĽأˡ

Ĩ˰ȺŰվЦ֪£ҲǾҪСľͷҪ£ūڣ֧ʹȥӣҩ̥˸Сӣĸƽ˸˵øʲôƵģЦ춼ϲס

ǾͺǾͺá
˿ҵºĽĸӣܺԼ˵׽ãʱ޷˵ذҡ

ҪߣҺȻƼ̫¸ͷɢŮˡ
Ů˴ŵطݳһѹͷİȥȧǸ߸͹׵ϸߣؿʺӡ̫ˣԵ۾Խܷڣˣǲࡣ

ǵϴμ澪ң֬һˣڱӦˬ㾳ء

һҾӷʱ޺Ŀֱ޵
ҲŲڶɱҪҪǰݺݴһйߣ˭֪ĺ͵͵ҵĽźȥҡͷתѡ

ˡ
ڸңұ֣Ѳѡ

Ŀڱվʲôһֶû˵ȥбۿѣĿⷢضŲϡ

ȻƼһͷߵ΢ָˣŽĵ֧ΣԲǣò㣬۽ü͸ŹȻ֣ƣô

ٴ⿴ѡ
üͷʱý۾סƺϸ˼ʲô

ʱ̫ŲϣǱϣŮ˲ģĿͣ˰Ū֣֮ɫڲϺͷ

£ع㹬ܲ˴

̫ཫܹƲϹǰ
Ϸ·Ѿϲˣֺѩɫ̧ۣ첲ǰȻһЦ̱ѩճյضѩеĿݲݣָŴĺڷﲻ֪ڵʲô

̧࣬ͷ
ѾӸµؿŲϣºƽȣֻ˼ֺ⡣

ûЦ

ٸһλᣬ˹Ԫº㻹ʲôˡ
Ѵʡ

ϽͷˮεѩУλζ·˰㡣

ãá
ݸǳЦû뵽ҲǿӲͷ޴ǰСˡ

ȭͷ߬ס٣̲סˣ̲סˡ

ڴʱ֣ЦǰϥظѼЦҹȻڹܲ˴ع㹬ߣ檲֪£
֣Ƽɫãæס죬ת´ңȦһ죬ص̾˿ο˲٣Щǲһֱţˣ

˵䣬֣
ָٵ˲䣬ѽĸӳֵ֣ʱգһ㶣ǿֳĨεЦսȭط¡

ƺܹĲϡ
ѽҳһߣЦ

ڶǺӡ
֣ε̾˿ڶڳ檹סţ⺢Т˳ҹ͵͵ȥĸףû뵽ײ·ˡ
˵֣۱ߵᣬҡͷ̾Żˣæػ˵֪ʲôˣֻƼɷģ·ҪƵģ׷

Ŷ
ͷ֣ڽУ׷ˡ

֣һѸٵؿңҧ´üСʣ檶ʱ¡ιϣǡΪ߼ί

Ц
Ѹǰͷ磬ŪѳҪ·ء

ûϵ


Ȼٵ𴮼ҵ

æ̧ͷȥƼԶƥͷͷǸʮкڣͷʱ⼸˾˴

һԾ£ϥ¹򣬼£ƴأʵʵס

䣬ҾƼڴϷ޵£˹

ϸϸ⺢Ӹͷͦߣܵұӣ̳ĸ׵òʮ־£һ·ͷЩɢңͨ죬ͷϺһƬȻǲǰͷҵع

⺢ӳͨһ£ѽűߣĸ׻ס˲ˣʡڰ󣺡ʣӦĸһ·ΪκȻְõֵط

˵⺢͵ؿңʲôҲˣ˸ҿͷλǻʵܵװգʴ۶¶û۵ĺӣͬ˵û˶ĸһٴθ̧֣ŹĸװɣⱲӾһҪûˣϾʣһˡĸ׵ĹԸһе

Ȼڴӻͳذף˫־ŵݸңµذ󣺡ǲ⵶ͱ°ɣַֻ̧Źĸס

ǡ
ǹﳤĺӣࡣ
Ҫ޵ͱǵѣ
Ǵȥֻ˵ТĵôˣһТӹȥ

⺢ӸֱҹȻб֪ҵĴڡ

Ѳܸ˵ҵ£ǻ˭

б۳֣һЦڣӿðһ䣬˭Сĸ׵ģ

һץסҵȹӣ޵û˭ܵüۼǶµİ
˵תһԹŵ̴Ͻ£óմѪ۵ɴȹѪ綼ɺԣǼ
ڱǼɴȹų˼ͷҵأ󣺡ʻǵô׾ǴСġѪĵΪ̫˼ܷܵħˣºִ

˵䣬ڽߣ𣬹Ȼ첲ǵˡ

Դˣֻ˵ʹﳤɵĺӾб

ŤͷһƣѴ΢΢Ҫ˵ʲô

ǰ棬ųܲȸβ

һ۲ĸӺ֣æߡ

ڴʱ֣浣ǣǡ

ʲô
ͣ½Ų΢Ťͷ䶢֣ơ

֣ῴһĶӣ̾˿檵ʵã롭

ãڶһ͹ˣСǸɵӣǶãҲǲסĴ£պر㡣
´˷֣һЦֻǸСӿֲǸʲôڡֽñӣòġ




110.  ֮ŭ   ֮ŭʬѪǧ

110--֮ŭ

ڡֽñӡ
ԭǵ, ͻʺ̴̼ϵĻ

˵ʵʲô

Գ֣ƣ⻰, һ, κѿ֮ɫŨ˼֣Ӻ, ƺԼͼ䣬վûҽ, ĬĬſ, ͷ

λ, ԱѪ¹, 󸸻ʿŹ, ʵǺεȳ谮ĸףʮ֣ôһʹ, ոʻ̫ʱڰ, ĸҹҹ̷ڲ, ˲ĥī, Щ¸أ



ҳ, , š

ǰԥ, ҷŲһ, ǰʱֻ֪еǺҲҲǱԪˣ
֪ϻӤ㶾ƣܡԭ¡, Ҿãĸûеλģһ޶ˣһǰʲôٱư

ţҾ͵ˡ
ʲôû˵˲עʱ͵Ĩȥᣬ˭֪ǡɱѿˣϵ˼̧֣ḧҵĲģСľͷ϶ûµġ

š
ǿЦֱһֽӲϵΧ׳£ĴָߵˮЦǰ顢顯һأźˣСӸ˵㵸ѽѽҽУʱҲ֪еǺġԭˡ

Сġ
ָҵĶģЦСһֱǺչȻҲԸϣӵһеķ·ĺ顣

ʱŰˣ֧ʹ̫ǽϵĲյӳѼľСʮҩĺװ˰µĹһһںãæ֮࣬ҺЦȡЦūˣū𰡡
˵۾Ȼˣδᣬȴ˵׻ūĴҹСľͷɺôְЦġūҲˣֻϣСľͷϽѧ˵ﲻʹˣԼ˵ǿޡ

ⷬ˵﷢ܣİһ㶼Һѡ

أһ⡣

ЩǿģǱڹ£á顱µذкԼ𣬰лػ

Ư

ʱƼ˫ֱ˽侲࣬Ѽ󣬱֧ʹ̫ǿʼæ
ǰװ˺̿ҩ¯ҩޣžĥҩͰ۵Ѳɵ̫ȫ˳ȥӺľȡƬЩƵͷǣ˵ϴ֣ĥɷĩ

󣬶еǰѸٽҩ𿪣ץҩһֽƬĥɷۣһּֽҩ

ûһ˿ɬŵҩζ

ҺѱŶӣŵվһԵţҲ֪ܲܰѹƳǲɣնϵ˵͵õѶӵ⻮Ū˹Ƴ棬ֻҪǳҺմĵطȫ

ѻסңұġ
ұýزҲúܿ졣

ӽͷҩĥɷۺ󣬶ϻӻ֣վЩ
ƼϴҩȡСףͬȡ˹Ƿۡɰ໹иҩۣСɹУּЩˮľмۻм̥£ЩͳɼŰɫҩ衣

ˣǸϽʼɡ
Ĩ˰ѶϵȺ˸һɾˮҩȡƿӣƿаɫ֭ˮУϸϸؾֲֽ֣ɡ
ϣų́˹ϣңѾͷѺˡ

ԣһ֣ϵ١СӶȥʣ޵׶Ƕ
ü׼϶˭֪쵽ϣû

£ϳõСӺ󱳻һָ׸ôСĿӣƱѣһ˱һץסС

ḧŶӵСԴģ޻ȵġ

ϺȻһЦٴοңȽϳȻᵣģֻѾͷȲס

Ȼæú
˵ҸǰӺ߻סңصš

ҵĶҪɤˣ֪ȫǺ
ǰȥϣȻذȷֿСľͷԼϣȲסӵСȼס
Ҳ׵ǰסץס첲࣬ϰס

֪ҪʲôСӺöʱĽű˽סֿʼٿίͷؽУ

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Ӱۺù˵¹ֵзִ硣

ʲô
ϰˣȵϷˡ
˵䣬ϴСϰŵɴϣճҩӱϵѪۡ

ʱһ⣬ͷƤ顣
ҹڣǸƶһֱѪţָ׸ôСӣǵ˴ĴָСĸؿ泤˵̵㣬һһĳ롣

ֻôһҵ˫Ⱦͷɵýϡ

ȻƼſŵ֣ɫ䣬۽󱳵Ķ棬ƺԼģסۣסϸƣ͵һͿ֬ĺ촽΢ظһһְĿڣͼס۾Ʈݺݵ˿ĭ

ʱҿǺӿŹſڣͷ󸸻ˡĸס
֣˲£ֽסڵ죬ѹȵ˵ˣбأϽȥ

ڷ·ʮֲֹ飬ƹû񣬽ƵڵأԿ޺ţ󸸻ʿĸһ·

죡
֣ٴסڵ죬Ťͷǰȵͷ˽ͻȥ죡


ڴŭس֣ȵȻӦȶĸΪֹԸ⣬Լ뿪ġ

úӣߵ㲻
֣סڵ죬ȥ

ҵʱסҲֹѲ֣֪Ƶ£
ɻⶫ֣˸Ϊʷ٣֪ܲ׹֮
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ޱ죡
Ťͷ֣ںȵ˭ߣ޹ˣ

ûǸ˼æ
ʱÿЦһѵ漫С۽ס

ˣϷҪˡ

˵䣬Ͼõ󱳣ڶǰСڣѪһС
Ҳ˲䣬۵һޣ۵СʹŤκα˽סӲˡ
ĿһҶУҵıȻҲʼۡҲˣֱţǰȥӡ
ȻһѽһסҶȥ

ҳǰȥӵȣȴ۵õˣԽס壺ûû£СľͷǴӢۣˣϾͺ²°

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ʱżʬζʼ䣬Ӻ󱳵ǸƳڶѾӺ̽·Ҫʹ˿ڲѪŧˮ
ҩܿȼµ˿š
ƼֻͷѾˣʱӿ޵ԽµؿҺѣȻؽ

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ѷӦ죬汧סֿҵĺףҵϣҿ

Ӿϲغˣˡ
ȻӲˣӽżϣ죬Сӱȥˣûˡ

һƿѣŤӿȥֺӴʱСͨ죬۾գͷȺᡣ

ӣҵĶӰ
ҼǰһڣȻֱͦͦιȥ
Һڱסңκ䣬ҿ˶סˣɴ䣬ظ֣

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Ϻȡ룬
Ҳ˲䣬ع޵ñȷŸ߿ޱ߿ԣ̡

Ѿ
źӣպҩǸѪ˿ڣЦŰӣСľͷ̫ٸҩû

ˣ˿Ҳڻ˹

û
شҵĸ첲һסá
Ժ䣬ҿˣﾡɱ⣬ӰĨȥϵĺѸӲȥԼᣬš뿪

ǿžŤͷ⿴
ҿŭشߣһ߿ſڵں֣ƣôôۣҪĸӵʹ죿

֣Ҳ˲ȥͷľʹãͷѣŸ̬۵ɷף𣬷ģ֣Ըģöıø֣塢ĸ帲𣬸ĸ˸鰢ǵðܾʬٿ̶

˭

۾ԽˣתѩеĲࣺ㣿
߹ȥصش˲һ⣬ͽŮ˴ڵأôºɣùƶɱ

ЦɵѩָȥѪJơ

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˵ѽűߣſ˫ۣסĸףŰ󣺡ĸĴȫɶһе

е
ЦȻԼ˽Ľ£һ߿ڣץסڵ죬кǿнϹԭٴʱھ㵱ʵۣܷ꣬ܲŹ޵Сһ˵

ڱŻˣѹҴǼۣڵأͷˡ󸸻ˡңĲҰ

ʱƼ֣ƺֲŮ˵ķѾɢң٣ݺݵԼĴȣƺԼ侲ȻСܲϸǰ֪ڲ϶˵˾ʲô

ϵزˣ͵ƿ֣Ȼץסѵĸ첲һѽѳ

Ҷӣ
౧סڣ˿ѪĭڶҲӣΪǸ־Ҷ

˵һ飡
Ѻ޵ýü

˵˵
ȫˣЦѣ޵ҶôްģǻʺǼǱ㣬ҳô

ܲˣ
֣úȵƴʹɫ¡

һˡ
ԻȥˣͷƵĿѣô˳ʴȵ۾Ȼϣ

ôϣ
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ģƲǡ
ಱһᣬŭѣ޵ֻûиС¹ŪҵӣҶ޷Ͷ̥ƾʲôУҶҪ˸ᣬѣˣҾСӶ

˵ˡ
ڻŵסĸ׵죬ѿ޵Ϲ˵ˣġ


ҧгݵغ˾䣬ֿڣ֣
Ƥ˼£Ц޵͸ˣ㵽գ˻
ţѳȵּڹд׹֮£޺ͻӣͶƣ丸ֽŮƣӳնŮӼûΪū֮岻òμӿƿڹ棬ɪΪ

ⷬľˡ
˵һŭʬؾǴ˰ɡ
أǸ߼ңȵֻǽǸһ壬δǣڵ壬ѣȵ۸

أ
Ťͷȵ÷奸޵Ҫ˽ºͲϡ׽ĻЩԱ޲顣

ұŵһ£Ȧ綼ѹѹʮˣæ
ֻ̫ҽܳȥȱߣҡѵѣ£ǰ˵Ϊ˳ƽ֮Ҫݽ°µģҲܡ

ʲô
һ߿ָָ棬̫࣬
˵䣬ѳſڵȵּȥ

ÿһŭȣƵϡ
ҵӡһֱºʺģŲδμ±ԬĴβӣЦЦ͹ˣӲʢŭ

Ƽ߽ӣѸھ˸ּӡŲСܳȥѡ

ؿѺԥӡҪǲϸǡ

ڴʱ֣ȻվȥӡӰֻܵżû뵽һƿ

ø˾ĸˣҸ

֣˼Ƭٴγȥ

¾檣Ҳ˵ջּ⡣
֣ͨ죬ǼȫǺʩô׹֮Ʊǣ㣬öͼΣ污ͷū澺ƶһ·ѣıİȾ棬ʢ˰ΪŮһ֮ȫɲ֪ϣҸȼô죿檵׹֮ɱ

ſ
֣ƣ˭֪ģһǻϣʱͽͷ˸ӣѪ

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Ҳͳգ֣گ˺飬̵һ룬ҽڻˣͷҿƴسգ۰ʾȡ

ѾˣģҴδ뵽档
ǣ֣˽ģ̼˲࣬վڳôָ߶ȽδΪȫվѽǶȺʹֿǡ

¶ô
Ӧô
ˣһѰɣҶԼֱ

뵽ˣҧָͷָͷʱͼѪ
˱ЩڿͬʱѪĨЩסͿȣ´ӵСȡ

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111.     

111--

, ΪҵġѪǷⳭŵگûзȥ׹֮Ҳû

ǲˡ

ƽԪʮһ, ع㹬˲ϱ۴, ǰױд飬ֻıʵ, ׹£Լ̫Ԫݺ, Ѻ, ޾

ŹǱװһڱ, ݲĽĻɽҰ, ޱ飬ֽ, ޷ʦ䣬һѪ¡

ڻڣȥ, ݽʹɪлӷگûس

Ҳͬ, ΪȷıҶ, Ӧõġ

ĸ, ûгֵʮ, Ǳѳ谮, û, ȷ, Ҳƽ
ڸѹ׶ӣ˭һʢŭǿлۼǵڱߵʱ, մѩػסӣֻġСӡ޶ˡ

һ죬⺢һ졣

ôأ
ҵĶʱͷƫƫʱ
һ᲻߲·߱ң

û⣬ͽԼǡ
֪һ̵ΪĸմŭѾˡ



ϺѾ˿ӱ޻ȥ÷˴
Ȼһ磬ɫã֪Ƿŭѹ㻹˼һվڹٵм䣬κ˿Ĭ

ҵ
վ˶ãҾվ˶á
õҵЬѩˮ͸õҵֽűľ

ҹĻٵʱ򣬹ٵͷ󼱴ٵǸǷˣʮͷ

÷奡

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֪Ǹ侲ǵֻˡ
÷ɽе˴Ѿ⣬ҪεĸС÷顣



ҵͷĬĬԺߡ
˶ҵĶ۵ĵһڶԲȥ

ʱң͵ļݵƻԼѽѽĻ

߽мĴݣʱһů֮ס̧ȥʱȸڿϣèèżɫСӣԽԵ÷۵ɰ

ˣ
ȸƼңæЦǹŪȥСľͷȻоǰöˣų̺󣬻һأкƤʵôѪӣˣĿɻʵˡ

ţǾͺá
ҵЦЦЬϿȸϵλ;ȡ£ûˣǲ̫ˣҲĻڣվͱˣҲЦ
˵䣬ұӣϵȫѵԸȸɫӶǶ

Ҹӻʱ֨ѽһ˴ͷƿǹ
æҪ¿߼ڰ֣Цòˡ

ǡ
΢΢һЦӴѣˣҾЩŪ
ն֣δ£ҵͷѾãκ͹ѳ£ֻ֧泯죬ȧǸİߵɼͷָѪۣ˵Ĳᡣ

ȸӴѺȥͷϸԲסˣ

úιʵǸ
֣ϴɻ

½ǹġ
̾˿̷ô꣬Ӧ֪ʺ񣬴ӲŮ˶֡ǻʵۣЩţ˵ڣǵǸĻ˵

ûʲôġ
֣һЦĨį
бߣԼϥͷӡƣ̾˿ദʮˣƽѳȷ˷Ҳʲôˣջô޳

˭û˵ԳĬ

ڴʱƼ֣ץŹӣҡҡλεվ
֣ºӵæסӡ
ȻֻС֡žžͷ󳷣Щõض㿪

ҴΪΣæЦںкأͱҲ

ţá
ЩΣҪƿ
ҲڴʱɵӾȻסĲӣ۵˿ڹˮŪ˹һ۾Ц˷ܵĴŹļ磬ؽ

סҲסˡ

Ƕء
ָңȴס춺ӡ

СܻẬ˵
̽ȥѶӵСקק
أҷֹȦȻˣճյؿḧﾡǱį

̾˿Ĺ֣βڣӣ


͵ػعЦлúģãҲˣ綼ʺϻУ㣬öԺиֵӦڹԮ

ʵԴϴǿбߣȷڲϸǰ˵ĻԣҶûжõӡ󣬵ӻǵù˵ġ

£ȷٸܵãһˣҲӦ

˵⻰ʱұͷȻᣬֵˣӡ
ĸİɣҡҡλεŤתҿޣСӱ죬Ҳ˼䣬ƿ֣ûվȣ£æңСèƵһͷңѹһ޳

ұҡأˣؿϣС֡

úίˡ
֣̾˿ο⸣УشȥˣԺ˳˳ġ
˵֣֣ȸȥ裬ȸߺ֣·٣Цʣþζ֮£ǲô

أ
ݸ
ʵˣѾˡ

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ҳӣҺϣӤ㣬̫ҽԺ顣Ӥֺ᲻Ӧգֳոк֢򣬴˹Ƴʱֻѣɳ棬ԺӾѪҺΪʳӻزۣմޱꡣ

˵⻰ʱҽŹһ˿һϸ΢顣
üĬѵľϰתָϵĽָָ棬ȻһЦ΢΢ͷ˵֣
ֱӣңЦʣãδű֮ǰľϣΣΣ

ҵһЦ乬︧ڡ

֣˫΢סսң˾䣺·

ҰסޣЦز׹֮ǣܱ˵ݺԵõڣ˵Ǵı
ҰĴָ޵Ͼʢ⣬гǸı֮ˡ

֣Ĩ֮ɫʣأлΣ

֡ɡ
赭д˵˾䣬ɻȴ͸ˡ
һҡϡڡȫ׽ȥˣһûʣ¡Ҳʮ߰꣬Գɻ鵱̫ˣԼλʵˡ
ʺ󡭡
ҽĺڷڶЦͦģҵķˡ

ҵȣüһЦ󹬵Ůˣһˣվһ塣
˵չҶߵֻһ䣬ʺҹǣڱδǰ˭µģ

š
ѿڶ

ꡣ
֣ʳָҴϣҡͷЦӣȷʵǸ͵ˣǸι֮š

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ˣ֮ǰ׾ٵŴ֮ŪŲңͼŴ޸лӷ磬ȴѺݺݴܾǿиɣֻҪҵˣܴӦԡ
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ص£󱳵Ĺƶûⱻ֣˯αնס

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֣æҡ
Ҫ˵Ȼͷߵŵ

ˣū֪λһǸöسˡ

һæ֣

֣ЦǰôôԼüˡҪǣҪƽ󡣡

˵⻰֣ҵͷһЦȳȥˡ



һ˾ͻ˳

ҴŶϺؼң֣
գ̲齯زһἰϻ֮Ը÷ݴ¡

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ָʹ·ͨ£˴Ѫʱ÷飬Լϸһ׮ռׯūɱ˰йء

Ѵŭ˾飬ܹͼλСܴگ
ռ䣬ٸ淢ܹĹԱŴȴգܹ˵˼û´ᴦá

ѵãûȵż侮ʯ׹¡

ּ

һ³֮Һĺ֣ӦԻָΪҪ񣬲˴
Ҳһ֮ˣơ̵ֽƣΪλϮû߳ƶũ֮ˣʮڲμӿƿ

γ׹Ƶ鼮ӦЧѧ֮磬ڿƽӿƣαѧв֮ˣΪ

ȾزȪйǰ̫ҽԺԺжųϣ䳤Ӷҽտ̷ȵۣ˴֮оӹΰΪ̫ҽԺԺУּ֮գЯСϸ

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أ
ҵһĶߺСֱͻҡ

žǹ˵ģ⸣Уɡ




112.  ѡ;   ̾

112--ѡ;

ʮת˲, ֪Ϳ꣬һسҲˡ

Щ, һֱûлؼ, æϰиֳ

ʵҲãҪһ˺һʱ, ﳹ߳侲, һжµĹ, ĥһպôߡ

·, ҵ·ӡѡ

û, ȴʱ򷢺ĸӡ
ԴǹƳȡս׳, ˺ܶ࣬Ҳûգ޶ټ

ʱ, ҡġ
ŶȪйβ, ˵ʥ, 谶, ϸ谶һ¡

ѵܾˡ
˵óǧС, ʺĪ, Ҳǹ谶, ϳӶ, ź޵ĿնҲ谶ٵ̷ȵ۵ģҽ˸

Ѷô˵, ٲҲֻա
عұ楣Ϊ裬ⱦǰĶΪ˸լӣӦйһλ

ۻʺӣ˵彡ãʱ楽̽ô󹬣ֵ͡
ҲǸµģչȥʺ밲ߣոСӻδ׻ָʢ꣬ͣ޽ƵȡһؽŪһѪҲҾֻܾСޣһٴĥȴ졭û˵ڣýȰȰ£ʵܲסˡ

˵䵱۱楣ͷۣ˱極밲˸ȥŮ롷Ů򡷣ñ楺úó飬ĪҪѧǺӵ·ûû˱

⻰ҡͷЦЦ
ⱦ楹ȻǸˣưɣպء

βû˼¥С
¥ǱߣĪǸ׵ˣʱ˱ͷֺ졣
ҰѰ˳ȥͬĪһȥ¥̡װΡΰʡư衭ճӻƣ֮ǰѹ¶ҲЩƣһŪú󣬹Ҫʮµ׿ҵ

ء
ཿĺܸɣ̫ˡ

Сӹܵľ±뺷
ͬҵ·һӳС̷˾¥֣Щ⣬ҡƤҾյĹѡѣƻ
Ѿͷ̸ͬĻ򽿻ãһ׼ˣҪ²ɣԹµͷڳúܡ

ܹܿ˵ǧҪһûҪ
ԼţʲôҪģԼãŮ˼ңһҪԼж򷿲ӣŸԼðЩ

ཿŹлң˵ⱲҲѱҵĶ顣

ǧûȫԼãó룬ؽ˴ӹĵʦŪ⣬Ҫճٵĸϡ¯ԭϡ͵ȣڳﱸſӡԭϡлơ

ʣµӣԼ˸լӣҵ̷˾裬ݺݿ˷ֻ˱ǮԼĸסɩӵŪһסСլԺ¹ӡ

ͦõġ
ϣཿ˹ȥĲ죬պ߸˵ػš



ʮ³һҴȥ㣬СӺƽûǴȥĽ

ǡã쵽ˣȥѧ飬ڡ
ԱֵԺͶˣһһҴӵңһй裬һ裬Ҫ
Сȥѡš͸ֲƷҩģһ˸һǮȥ

ĽסСԺʤڰ£ҲʵмҸ߼ҵľ͡

ұŵ߽Ϸ
еյůϴϴõ򲼣Ľʱڿϣ󱳵˴ӣϸź̺

գδȫָӷףɼ泯죬ű¡

ӣúʵͷϴ˷ůףȱŸСӤ

ôˡ
ĽƼˣһϲæҪ¿ЦôҲˣ죬ûö

ˡ
ЦŽݣŤͷðƺͼͷһʳУһֱ첽ߵߣʳзŵϣЬӺͷǼӣСӵƨɣȥ

ҽϴ£ץ˰ˮϴ֡
ĽƼˣôˣˮҲúúñš

ôˡ
ЦЦ߹ȥ̧ߣʳһһóϣЩǴ̵и㲹Ѫļͷ˺ЩҩģΪҼСðմǵúúòһ¡

ϣôණ⻵ҪҳŻѽ
ĽڴЦǰЩѶ̫ҽ뵽˵㿪ӵӣô׼Ҫһ

׼Ҫ
̾˿һϹ¶һҺˣиֵչ˰ǽ໥ӦŹӡ

Ҳǡ
ĽűӺ˿ڣ˯ӤЦʵҲԵʣӣ㶼ʮֺ꣬ףиԼѪֵܰģպҲܷЩ
˵ĽһЦ⻰ǧܺҵĶС˵ָôء

Űɣ϶ƫ͸

ǽ˵ЦʱƼӤǰشӤŤͷҺĽ㣬գۣСָԼ

ѽܵܺһҲǱ
ЦŸ͡

ϡ
Ľ㾪Ȼ֪ҼСӺһǱ⺢ӲžŸ°ɡ

ڻһ֡һֵĻҲ˵һЩǸˡ
ڴЦĽ͵ڲס

ѰӣҲһҲ˵Ҳ߯ˡ
Ľ̾бۿңЦҲͲѰˡ

ȻƼ̽ȥĴӤ
Ľۼֿ죬ƤĻСڻСƨɣװˣܴܵܣٴˡ

ЦСץ°ͣŤͷң˼Сһһܵġ

ˣ
Цʡ

ҵĻסۣٿ˼

Ǹ飡
Ľ㱧ס˼ڣԼÿ飬չȥ
Сӱסͳԣﻹź̵Ĺ
ĽĦӣȰؿŻеСˣȻ˿ЦСӻҧˣ۵ġ

˵ء
ҡͷһЦѪҧˣû˵ʱֱƵСӣ϶ɷģҽ˵˾䣬ûһҸ

ĽָЦѽ˵õġ

ڴʱԺкȻŲţ˾ˣǻѽСľͷˣ˵ء

֪ˡ
ʷѵ⣺ʮˣСƵ棬ûðҲˣȥҪ¡һѡȡſȡʿ׼ֻҪͲţ΢вмҲɿƿպ»ȡҲһ쵽͵ңƾԼ汾ȥһǰ̡ӿƣʱҲҪѾһ飬ǲдΣǲãҪܷ

⻰ŤͷĽ㣬ַߣһûĽô׹

ҪЩġ
ĽѣЦжЩӵܴӳй˵Щż˼ȡûһī͸ٶϰûʲôѧ֮űżڹٳ֮⣬ȥ˹Ҹ

˵ĽѹҼӾˣ񷢺ˣҪúǶԬ๫ѧԺ󼴱˹֮ĸ츣һҲǺõġ

ǽ˵䣬ʷͰ˵һһˡ

ʷЦŸҵͷůñȹȥԼӣվڿߣ֣ſ˫ۣúӣ̷

軳ҡҡλεվסĲӣؽ

һеģǼЦˡ

ұ죬װˣ̾ﰡҿɲҪˡ

⻰æңҸǰһЦ
ҰⱦڻݺڣˣָŰ˵ܣǾ˾ˡ
Ȼתָʷ̷򡣡

ʷЦſ̷֣򱧱

գۣС֣ȻһЦͷҵĲ
ḧıЦСӺˡ

ʷ΢Цʹ˸ɫͬ˵仰

ҰĽһĽڼ䡣

ڼͷůЩ˰βεסӡ

ҺĽϣ˵ȥݲ衢˹ӡ
˼ڲĽҿ˷ѹЩӳ⿴ƽʵ²ƹܣãϺ˵Ľⶾҩȱһζµҩӣ歶ǰӣ½ϣҲֻ˵ºʵۣܾòԾ⵽ô¡

һĽȻǻ켣ٳӣ
Һ˿Ȳ裬ԭԭĽͰ˵˵Ԫ̫ҽԺ黹йƶĽ䷢֡

˵ԽԽޣȭͷ߬סش˼ӣ̫
ĽأüͷкŹ㣬ã΢΢ͷҾ֪ûô򵥡

æʣǻΣܲܵűưɡ

Īš
Ľڰ֣㲻㣬Ƕûб֣ⷢǵ֪Ȧסͦã֪Ѿǣ𼱣׽ȥ˲ֹһб¡Ͳϡǰñ÷鳹ϰǵż侮ʯƫƫżҸʲôûУԪһ֤ݶˣĿǰżҷֺǲҲǰҲȥǶȫҪģǰƽ󡣡

æĽˮüأҲô˵ġ

Ŷ
ĽüһЦʣ˵ʲôˣ

һ£ҴǰôôҳӣҲƽ󡣡

ǡ
Ľ˫ͱԺ㣬ͷЦȻڳˣҲеǣֻϧϥӡ˼ǣؼڱ£㻹ǵǰһú£סµġ

š
ҵͷһŵİ˵ܣǵԼüˣҲģҵĵԣֵ׸ģͷаµʱǴ£ʲôݺԡ

˵⻰æҰٰһ¡

á
Ľ򹴴ǳЦҳźأһ汻˶ֽţǾǼʹˮͻˣ˭ɾô˭ɾǵ歶Ӻ󣬾͵ðӻظϴδֵ̫̫ͦѿ˵ұȥ歶˹˵ĲŰһǵԹó޵ң÷奡

ôа
ָĿڣ޹ŴιҵĴţֶǼˣ˷ʤ̫ˡ

Ǹġ
Ľ̾˿ңЦҲĪţ»ҪԸǣûôˣӸλ÷ҲѾǼݣ㱳վűء
˵ĽչȻһЦ˵ˣҲڲơǰЩ׸ڼжĲȱˣһӣˤˣүӵʱͱȥˡ˵ҽɵˣͷյҲˣȥ̫̽ãӦóˡ




113.     й

113--

Ľù, Ŵҡ

յǺڵÿ죬Ѿ˻ƣҹеĽ˷, ըֵζڽ, ʳָ󶯡

ұɴ, ָͷ̨ͤ¥ˣ˻죬СӸ˵Сȶһһ, ֱĴ򳵱, ѽѽؽ, ͬ˵

Խ, СӾԽڰ
쵽ʱߵ³, ˣſվźűӦˡ

һ, ûˡ

ͷ󼱴ٵĽŲ, ӱ, Ǻ
, , ſ˫, Ĵ, æһ, Цȥ

ϣСľͷʲôõˣֳء
ֱźӣѸô멽ס, ϲ
ҼһŤͷСԺȥЦôŻ¶һʱˣҲ˱ء
˵գۣڰʾʲôǻȥŸϴˣڲ̫ˡ

һ⡣
Ÿ
Ľͬ˵ӹСʱˤһӣˤˣǹ졣


æ΢΢ͷЦ֪ˣл

˵䣬ҲŽŵƣȽСԺ
ƹȣ˹ţ̧ȥԺеĵǵˣϷȴһƬ

紵͵ش˸¡
ôƵƣ˯ˣǸŵȣ

Ҳ֪أﾹëëģ̫ȥ˿ȥƿ
ȥŹСζδգЩ䣬һƬ
Լǰķ϶Ÿˣһһ֪ڳĬǴҡ

䰡
˵˾䣬ŵݣбۿڰеѣЦ֪ҽͲȥˡ
˵䣬Ұӵȡϵ͵Ƶţȥһ۲ضңͷϴ˶ڣϹŻ멣ɫɴȴĨǳЦ˲֪ϲŭ

ùû
Ц˾䡣

š
ӦתŴĴָϵİָҿʣȥĶˡ

ȥ㣬˳ȥ˸Ҫȥ͸͸磬ܰؼɳˡ
ҽϵİ׺£֣ס˫ЦŲƷȥĽ㡣

Ŷ
ָ棬ʣȥʲôˣ

ѾЩˡ
֪ǲҵĴҷԴĽ֮¹Щģ˴ĵ׷

˵Էѽ
ҾסãЦŴ

Ŷ
Ѷֱߵ裬˿ڣݸǳЦĽ˵ʲôˡ

һ
Ȼ֪Һʷ˵˵ˡ
ԽˣʵҲԪôˣκһ˶ᰲġ
ĪðԼλãĻǰôôѣ㲻ܰǵĹϵɺˡ

˵ʲô
Ұеӵϣᷳǲ¡

ô
ѹһЦ۶ϣݽй֮°·ͬ˵𡣡

ô죡
һʱˣηֱԴлسһζûұ˶ûУôĽʹ󣬼ʶ࣬ôˣѲɵҺٱ˺һأ

˵˵ţҾ͵ˡ

ѿңȻص̾˿멳ԼĴȣʾҹȥ
Һԭز
ҡͷЦЦ˺ࣺܶСƵͬ޶ˣ޽̫ˣ˵Щ壬ĪҪƽϡ

ƲƲ죬ŤŹȥϡ

һƵģҲ

§סӣͷѣ̰ϵ㣬Ťͷȸ˼̿ˣٰˮϣҪԡˣǰӷŽȥú˯

ⷬȣҡͷЦЦȻ§סҵҵĶ䣬ԺǱȥ㣬ͷ˶ӣһʲô˺ĸӣԺô죬˭Ҫȥ



Ȼһҧʮ¾

ҡίءѵСѾͷ˾䣺һҾǸȥƽ
˵䣬æӻͳֻǵĻֽЦģġ

ôðڴ˶лˡ
ָҵı̾˿ͬʷ˵£ôģͬ˵˵

ұġ
קϵңƽװȥЦس£µýüجΡ˯ţĽұ£ô˵Һͷվ
˵סͦıҡء

ǰء
ȻʲôĨɺָܿ糣Ц޾ĸӳµġ

ˣǿŵ¡

ҵĹˡ

ƿֱӣƲƲ죺ƭ˰ɡ

㲻ţ
ü

ߡ
б۵س˵ĳ»ҹҹϸ裬˼СŪˣһѪʲôѽ˺ӵİƣ綼ûҪˡ

ϣ˭̳Ӵˡ
ָҵ°ͣбǰŵĲˮЦѪʲô˼Ųţ޽Ūܶܶˮ

ҵڵһºˣ⹷绰ھ

ڴʱȸͺ˱̿ˡ

ֿŶȺˮȥڼϴ֡

ˣ̿󣬾żæŵشȸ˳ȥˣĵؽŹϣ˵ūȥԺСľͷ棬һʱ¡ˮ

ҵĶԽˡ

ﳹװºѳȥϹŵĴ멣Ц߹бڼſϣüЦûҲǷҰèƵĽл˳ȥ

ţ˵ʲô
һãȻװû

ǡ
ѽ⿪ԼԲۣһߡ
Һµ߬סԼ½󣬡߶¡βˣһֱӵȥ
ʱ˹ֳڴϣҷֿһξ룬΢죬ЦſңʣλˣŽҹΪ޿񣿡

ҧЦҹóԿ׿Űա

ѹ⼱ٺ
ұŪòȻǰλδǸæƿܵǰذݡ

ʲô
бڴϣЦʡ

ҹҸ
˫ֺʮ



Щòˡ

ҹϹŵֻҡκܾãȸˮ

˶˶ٻѾ۵۵޷ϸڣֻ˵һ䣬ıݺʰƽˡ

Ŷ޽ƽŴſŻػꡣ

ƽЩҴӴߵСùƿ̴㡢ͣĸ첲ʾſ¡
ϵ˵ͣ羱
첲ڴϣͷͷϣس˿

Ҵ
ãĺÿͦëֳüڶŨ˲΢糺죬ԶĨǳЦ

ҵ˰

޿ʲô
ߵ

ܵô
ǳЦñ᲻
ѣһŮˣԲ

ΪҪŮҪӡ

ŮðŮġ
ҽճں󱳵ĺڷЦĽ㣬չҺԡ

ˡ
ҡͷЦǾùϸչСľͷ㻹ϸѡŮء˵㣬⵱Ҳ߯ƫˣ϶Ǹϴģ޲ܣ޾Ҫӡ

ɲ㡣
ߵһСӣҾȥһء

Щء
ѻ֣ҵĸ첲ЦûأͿʼϹ롣
˵Ťͷң޺Ȼһ£ĳˣؿޣί˵СˣЦˡ

ҪǶã
šƣ۵ɵϣбۿʾֵҰˡ
ȻҰ
⹷úã˼º˶ɿ˲١
ұۣʣĽ˵һ죬ͷһӣ첻ˣ

ʲôͷ˼ҿǳ͢׸޵̩ɽ
ȭͷ౳ЦƤˤˣȿӺأٻܻʮꡣ㶼ûõĹԱŸ̽ˣ޺÷ɡȥʱѹѹһԺӵТ
ԽԽ䣬ϵľҲԽԽأʱڴߣ޵λ̩ɽץס޵֣гûģݺᰡ˵źʮ꣬᲻ߣٶ꣬޿ʢæµʱҲҪעⱣԼӡĩˣϺ޵Ķкǰ˵˭ܷ£ǷŲŮֲΡΡָԬ壬˵ҵĳǸƷѧʶԺõĺӣй

ݸǳЦ
ˣԭӹϼһʹСΪŸѿһӵģõ̽λԪϣ¡ԸŮԬ
ǰ׸ºһ׸Ԭˡ

Ȼϵ

ƲƲ죬۵ŮʮգھͶף᲻̫Щ

ǻأŵ԰
Ѻ޵ôҵı۵࣬ЦҲζ޲Ѿ׼źף÷ŮգŵȲԬңҲһ꣬ɵǺĹŻŮĶȥ˵ˣյĸǳһˣСӳģ϶Ҳã

Ҳ£Ŀ֣Ǹ̺ӣϹʲôװһϲô죿ô죿ⲻǺһôҶԺɲʲôŵڣϲĹƶѾͷҶܽܡ

ôѽ
Ĩϲ

ǡ
ס°ͣüһЦⱲӺһϲˣлᣬβһѡ

һδ˵꣬Ѿ

ڴʱߵȸ𣺡£λˣ˵ҷе¡

ɿҵĴᷳ

ȵȡ
æŤͷȸȻϴһ¼

ѽ
ЩСӴҹ϶û£˵׼Ĳ

˵
ӴβǶȣЦӾģ˵ʲôĸͷġ





114.  ˸Ҷ   ᷢܳ

114--˸Ҷ

ƽ, СϸһǱӣŴƣȻ첲, Ħҵı, ҵĶǶӳץסҵ, Ц޵ĶӸͷҲ, ĳ´, Ъ, ۻض, ȥϴԧԡΣ

ԧԡء
ҽѲִֵ򿪣ϻȥȪй, ڶȣĿҩ֭ӲŻ
ҴչȥӸǺ, ˸ۣһЦҪί

ƾաץסҵ, Ŀ, ҵļͷϯ, ޿Ҫʱʱ̶̿Щ, һСèʳ, ޴ñ, ޿ɾͳ׽ˡ

Ťͷ, ĽűסСȣüһ, Ų⿪

ࣺ̿ۿ˵ãϼһޣһų

С
ҡͷЦЦ´ȥϴԸȸó￪ˣ̺þơ

Ϊ֣أҴǳɫѩжԽС٣鲽ҡ
һֱڴϿҡ
ûס³߹һԶɽü촽⹷ҪҴϵ֬ƴֿŰƿ

װúҽڼĺӷ¡

̧ȥľƲѾˣȲǴ㡢¹̵Ƴġָμ⣻
ʡ˿
¾ƵĲˣλ
ǿĢɰںС¯ϣ˹죬ζһݡ

ȸȥѪĵڼӹ˸Ͻ

ûһҾҵĽŲ

վſڣż⿴ȥӹһǰһˣǰͷǸҵĻشŵ˵СżƮ˵ѩϸ
ŽͦʵˣԲɫۣͷﱧһһСľ񻨺У䡣

δɫ˺ܶ࣬ƼˣĨ֮ɫͣ½Ųºʹ󷽵سҵͷ󲽳

Զֺ
ұŶ̨ףϥ

˿
˰ңŤͷЦʣСľͷƺֳЩȬô

ĸˡ
¶ӵĵůñæЦѾþƲˣͷ䣬ɡ

ݺ佫ֻľзϣ´

Ѷϵٺůñȡ££ؿ˸ͷĽȡ֣п֣ͷᣬл

һæȸȥؿңЦʣô˵ģ

ûҽƶϰ˵ʾðȸźֽ֡ȥͷ磬ٸҨ

ȵůů
Ը˿Ӳˣ̾˿Ħĺ󱳣εҶֻҧˣžӣ˴ԣҺ׶ûǵϸУصУºӣϵѪճСľͷ󱳵ô

ǵõġ
˿æͷüʣѲҵѪˣ

ǡ
ٴαźӹ£лҶضزۣСľͷľˣҲѱ

ԭˡ
ҡͷص̾˿ĸӷЦҲֻײˣ򡢵ƹʵþ˵Ƿ˰ƶõĸ

˵ӷ죬һظС
Ҳˣ䱧һ޺ţֻʴǵĳŪȥˣһЦֻС첲䡣

ϲüЦæסϣظӣ֪ǲԼĶӣ֮ɫȻ̾˿


˵Сֱӣ첲ڼȥѽѽؽУ

˳ָķȥȻһЦʣô

š
ҴΪΣæúȼڹȥЦʣΪҹ

е¡
˱ƣбۿϷŵֻľУ㵱ٱ쳾ֿѵˡ

ȻæʣҪ뿪

š
Ц̹Ȼ˿Ǵ㣬ã׼ҵȥ


ҾӵУ֭ʱ𣬷ɵҵϡ
Ϊʲôң
ʶѺʹӣæӲϵʣ˭ģ

˱ȡ
һӣ̩Ȼغ˱ƣм˷֮ɫЦһֱӷΪ֪ǾͲˡҲ֪˭Ծ֮¸˰˼ҳԿСӱ塣ⲻǰյ˼ļ飬иǸԹôͣƵɱҲӶˣ͵ءƼţ˵һû˯ţţ˼үүģС϶ûںӸǰ˵ҵĺû˼ʮˣЩԼסӣ϶ⲽĵó̬ҵĳĻڹ˼ǰ˺üգҾóõѡ񡣡

ҶؿȻһЦ

޳ʣĪڴˡ

£ɫҷˣΪ˶ӣѡš
ô˵أ
пְɣû´˼ǷǸӦǱѿ֮²дģмֳģ˭֪ء

ɾͽ˻ȥ֧

ҲȰ룬ΪȷʵΪݵǰ˼ǣһŮ˾䷢Ϊᣬһз·ѭ

ϲˡ
ҸԼ˱ƣЦԣԺӦýСʦˡ


Цͷʹ˱ЩұŲ쳾ɣˡ

ȴ֮ˡ
ҵͷ΢Ц͵·ż˽á
ӹ죬֪Ѿʶˡ
Ҵ仳ӹЦ̾˿뵱ڽ̷˾İɡ

ǰ
Ҳп֣ҽϵЬҡͷЦŵ֣ڷ˽ϻ˰뱻ĸ˵еƣ룬Ȥý

ء
Ҹ˱ƣȤ˵ڽ̷˾ˣ֪Ƶ
ҳĴָָͷͷһһһ׵˰д˷ݡݴʡ˵ˡš¶ϻġССľͷֳ𾭣Լƪơʢҹͼ治ˣˡ

װʲôƵģЦˣƺϷݡ˵żˣ


ŲˣЦҲˣͬĴŴ˽ã鷿ģºҪӣûҪƥѪ

ڴЦб۳ڼ䣬Ҳ˲ʲôܻ䣬ʣཻ£֪λŴǸˣ

ҪС꣬ȷʵǸ·ˡڵʿΪ˻ٹ䣬ҷ飬ֻһӣྴڳҲǶļѻ

˱ƣЦĸ׸ͨѾͷ磬˸ռ޵ŸʱϥӣڸǰԴöȺ͵ճû˵˻ʺʹӣҲδԴԶԽϤĽ̵ƿȢޣĸҪãͷ˹ǰüȥˣһֱŶ׻ݴТ˭˲ް


΢΢ͷ
СʱҵǼŴ룬ӡȷʵǸ񡢽жȵˡ
Ŵܹϵǳ۴ӱǴӼŴȷָ£ҵ
ŴƺǸƷëˣ˸ץʹš

˼䣬Сӿ

ôˣ
ҡŰǶô

⻰¿ӣЦվ𣺡ҹˣҲˣʹ˱

ٳһ
ҽȸһҲ֪ټ

ˣԵպȻط꣬˵
б۳ڼȥٴȥ͸ˡ

˵šߣеڼſںȻͣ£Ц˵¾ҪˣҲͣ

˿ĭæЦ˯ˡ

ô
߰°ͣ˫ֱ󣬺ȻһЦʵͽΪʦҪˣҲͣ

һʲôʱ֪ѵģ
͵µʱ.ңѴߣִ
Ѳʱ֪ɧңֱҪ

ڴʱƼڼĺӱ˴ͷԵͷ̧Խż΢Ц߳ˡ

Ѿѣͷϴڣ棬ֱǸӡ
⹷ǹĨǳЦ°ͽ̧𣺡׻ǱϼһƳˡ
˵⻰ȭ΢΢񣺡һݣл

ˡ
һӣתеǰץƺݸһЦſңݸѾͽѧȾ˰գΪʦһ

룡
˫־ٱһƱʾһδʣ

ãã
˵ãཫƺȾ´ѣЦǱڶʱ˼Ҳϲ

ϲأ
üЦסңȻ޲дǷĳţ벻Ծ˽壬۵ƷУûƽӹ۷ˣ㲻ޣ

߰°ͣЦҿϷˣˣڿǸʤĴˣְɱԶɣдöһ۷壬㲻ɱң

˾ô࿴ţ˵ȻЦЯԵ˱ƣص˱ͬʱһ

ҵĿӣ˿峴ģЦ󶾵϶ʲôʱϳ޵ģ

ϳˡ
бңץָμ⣬ͷͽЦ̷ֵ˾ǣʩдļãǷ׽ţȴһ۾Ƴֱʣʱƣһ̸лʵ۵漣ҿͣҲڣΪŸߣҾƲ˭ˣƤǫ񣬿ɹȴС


æ˾䣺ôֱ´ء

ˣ
Ȥңʱ̫ʱҸд֣Сӣ첻µز£ԴỊ̇ȵ۸ǰҶŴγԲѷ

ް
§סңϣҵı˿ڣЦ϶ϾҪˣԺ˱տҲԼļ磬ɣǲͲˡ

㶮ҡ
ƺݵرңͷЦҽ̸ѽǺǸƵĺúӣҶ˵ǻʵۣͰٰ㰵ʾ
˵ҡͷЦЦѣ⺢дֵʱ򣬼ģּôʾң͵͵Ҷǧ㣬ˣҷҽ̫ˣŵӣնˡ

⻰̵ġ
ҼǺãõꡣ

վգë̸޵ֶ
Ѱ䣬ҡЦɣһƬȭȭ֮ģ˶ݡ֮ҳǮ塢˼סһߣС¿ɱɣ嵱ޣзǣΪһָ֮ҡ

˫ۻǰüһЦɣ˵ʱĺݶɣɲһѡȡѹ¶˴޹ޣǧѹӺٳƶũˣؽ󣬺ûʵۡ

ԼˣбۿϵĳľУЦһ껭ʢҹͼҹһ˸𣬶򽫻£и֮롣

ᡣ
糺죬°΢̧Цʾ価Ҫ


̾˿ǶƢִ֣ٳ϶ﲻˣһˣһ

˵
ָ棬Ц޶Ҫ˼

ǾͶлˡ
䱧ȭ񣬴˸öЦһ£ܲܰȣʱ׵Ӻϴ׸ͷ¾ݾٿһذա

ҵƨɣʾվ𣬸굶

ʱͽˮ衢ֽӺ굶
Բϣ֣վ󣬲ķһڷȥ

֪ǲҵĴҿ˵΢ЦڷʱдᣬкŹ˵ʹࡣ

֣⼸ʮ⣬һǷ˵Щ顭

ˡ塢ꡭ

ûãѾͽͷˡ
žӣϥǰЦү򡣡

̧֣˰ѹͺͺͷսϸƣȻһЦͦ
˵˫ֺʮҺѼ˸Цʣô°ɡ

š
ҺͷŶӣϡ

ۣͷ˿ЦߵһڸǰͷȰؿظŶӵСԴ˸ᷢܳƶɮΪᣬָ㳭д˾ҩʦԸ¾עţԸպƽ⣬˳ġ

˵⻰һӣ˫ֱ󣬰ߣǻҹȥ紺μʱȥƳٴˣ




115.  Ԫ   

114--Ԫ

, ˺ܶˣܶ¡

ɣ˵, ӡ̵һˡ

ҵǰ, ĲŻͷӢݵؾ޹ҡ

Ȼ, ⻰ҲκˣֻԼ



Ȼѩ, ûһ͸˲΢İס

վſ, Ŀ뿪, ֱıӰֱĿȥ, ֻܿҹããĺڡ

Ҳп
ⱲӵǸô

֪Լ·Ķ, 黭һͣΪһָ֮ң
ϡͿڽ̷˾
÷, İŮˣϷˣң
ʹ, 븸׾, Ӿܾ
ֻ, Ȼһ, Ҳ, ȥҲ, Ũīزһ, ߵʱȻ

һˣ

ҲȥУȫѩɡ

վãҴ·˫, תص

еľƲѾȥˣʱ˽Ƿʢҹͼչһߣ滭˳̨ͤ¥󡢳ˮ̬Сϡˣʿ顢н̷˾衢һǧĺӡȷʢ֮

˫ֱƪǰؿ
֮ɫʮָӣһ¶ŽһüͷֺüҪḧŪ࣬ûãùǾҹͻعУ䱦

ţúһóŸ˳
ŤͷңЦŹ֣ʾȥһ͡

һǡСҡ

ǵͷһμԾʱǲи壬δ٣Ѿȥˡ
еڹµʯϣŵɫӣɢ˿ƺڿʲôˣźƣ㣬űϻһһ׵ı˰ԱԳ״ʣ

¥ū޴次۴⣬ǰ⣬
ҹ˼ǵã̲©

״ǵϷŪңдֽϵġ

ÿ
ҿϣڴЦ

ĸÿ
סҵЦʣ˺ÿǻÿ

Ȼˡ
ҺԿ䣬ͷȤǵĳҲһͼɱ˼ʦĹǲԶˡ

ߡ
šҵƨɣһ£ϸȻǺá޵Ƿأĳ˵ֱͬŤΪ˺ֻҹŲײĻ϶򵥴ֲڡǲϲޱǡ

С
Ұתס°ҡһЦͳŲ˻ʵү͵ҿҪײġ

е⻶ϲ֮ɫҵͷȻŤͷ
ʱᱧţ˯

Цݽؿã̾˿Ů£ԵΩĸŻΪŮ㡢Эø˸Ҷᷢܳϣպƽƽ޻۳ž͵ˣϾ͸ùˡ

ǰ
̾˿׼ѣô꣬ǲҪ񲿣Ԭ飬ǹö̫Ԭָˣǽڹٰ죬ʺⲻҪ֣᲻ʲô£
Ƿ˵úܡ
أƼƺʹ֮ɫƺʲôˣипĸŮ֮ԣĪǡڣ

˵꣬׼˵¶ء
סӣԥãͷЦˣ˺᲻ˡ

˵
̧֣ؽҶߵ鷢ϸ˵ʲô޶

š
װÿڣ̾˿ϵؿ۰⺢ôίֲֵذ쳡硣

ʵޡ
溬߲֮ɫ

˵ꡣ
Ļ
Ƽɫұ֪ԼµĶûˡ

˵ûĸ֮ӣΪ֮ԶӣڶҲǡĸ˺⺢ȴ޹ģԶԶȥһ㶼ȴģؽֹۻ֮ˣǽĶȥϱ⺢ﱾͱŤ֪ܴܵ磬ȽϺԹ˵ǲ죬Ҳʲô󳼹ƫģ֪ˡ

㡭
кᣬص̾˿ٴνҽ§ڻҡ૵лޣĶл㡣
˵бۿԸȥȪй̽ӣҹ˸ϣ̧ΪˣͷԪԪǸԪ֡

⻰ҵʱס
Ԫԭ䡢ʼ֮⣬⡭ʲô˼

æͷ˿ĭСʣȪйԪˣô

˵أ
ָҵıգۣһЦôԸ⵱޵ĺλ̫ͣȱ𼱡


һƿ֣ȱһӰŪˣϸ롣

ʲôġ
ҡͷЦΡ

λǲ⣬֪Ժ϶ίңɡɡ
üͷɸֱ˵ʵǷˣҿɾ͵ýǻʺ仹óң
˵ҺƲƲ죺Ҳɣһһ̯أ˵ˣͷڣ㻹ջسɡ

⻰Ѿ˵ȥˣղˡ
ָҵüģҵЦԪסȪйΪϲʺˣҲػسݼ޵˾ʹͷ߸˵޹ӣ

͵Ц߰°ͣҿǿǡ

㻹ҿǡ
Ѵһӣú£ڼЦݻˣǵúúʰ㣬ԪˣҹͿʼްɡ



ƽԪĩһسĵڶꡣ

һ꣬ûĸ߼ҷ˺ܶ¡

ҴٳɪлӷĻ£Ҫλδ˰˵ܺӣ̶ŭңǡɣʱƸ÷奵٣ҵ÷奣ͬغ룬Ǹѩ֮ҹ˸ӡ

еʱҵĶӱѺıߡʧ֮£ڶ뿪˼ңԼ⣬ʶ䣬Ҵӽ̷˾ཿȳְƶˣʵµԸ˵΢˵࿪֣ϡ

ĩѺͺã˭֪ǰƣزۡҾսʶɺͶϣ׽死Ǵ߲£һʱ꣬»صߣңҲ֣ĹݺԪޡ

룬ֿտ÷У꣬Ҳӵ˵ʲô

һ·ߵö಻ףҲֻԼ֪





116.     

116--

ƹܵĿƽԪ, ȥˡ

֪ҷѾ£ǿƽꡣ

, Ƿ˲¡

׵ѴŸ, ɫΪǰ
ӹʱˣˤһ, ͱˣĽͰõĹԱȥ̽, ˼ҿܻ졣

ⲻ, ׸աԶ, ʺƫ, СۿŮ, ϣӸԺѧʿԬĳй

ô¶º׸, ˭֪˼ҡ˲ſ, Ȼת, , ڼԴ, ܲ͡

ŴǳĴТ, ÿռźڸ״, ص׳, ιףҹҹ︸ײݽţ˵¾ճŮ, ߹ּҲǺڴңֶٵĲ

ԴүӲºϷһʮȥ㣬Լļױ۳ӣףʩ

ˡ

˸ƽ֮˾ŴΪƷĴ䣬Ӧӿʺ֮磬Ĺżϱ˾ǵд¡ƽʮࡷ˴ʮ򾭵Ҫ̡ú͵·֮Ҫ

˵һϲֲ;̾Ŵ˲֮ͨͳҰҲ׷ס

ŴʢЩŻпʵֻҪ˺ˣ·Ҳûô
ɻЩҴ巴͸÷ŴɴСǵҴһֽģؽʶܱ֮ȵϵġ

һʱ䣬֮۾Ҳ˲̸۵ʱ⡣

ӹ޷£þͳ˾޴±䶯

ΪҪⲻƽʱԬΪƷ飬ͬʱ£ߪ÷Ϊ̲顣

ţݿһܹԱͬʱٽᷣʷ̨ʮʷƣεؽȨץԼ

дı䶯Ҳǡ
ҷԪˣŶϵĳӶЯСᵽ̫ҽԺԺһְ
̷ڻʵָ࣬ʳ谵ӣѳš

죬ر䡣



³һ

ȥʱ캮ѩ꿪ů磬ɽӣһЩ๫ӡṲ̊档

ŶжΣȥ˿ԸֻҪƽȹ٣Ըó¥һ룬СԴӹһֱգҶʩɢף˵һʱҲ

ƽ⡢ѸģһٶҲϲ

ⲻȥͬ⹷ȤǮۻլӡϧͷӶʩˣԸֻƳһꡣ

֪󣬲ظ˸ۡǰ˳լӣʹͱ˾˳㣬ҺͶҲȫ

Сľͷǰ󹬣Ҫʡ֧ԼȥȪйСӾˡ

üһ컹ûڣͻؼˣԡĵ㴲ϵ£Ҳ̫ܾˡ

ЩۣҲûǿ˯£񶼵ˣû

Ҷ̶Բϡ

ⲻǸӻ˴Сӣϸ˳ҺѵĶǶԿˡ⡱ӡ

ţҾȥˣ˵ذ˵ָŪʮֻϺСӣ˳ȸȥ԰Щ÷ƿá

׼ȫҸæصϷױ¡

Ҳɫİȹϲ٣Ϊϲ죬˶乬ɴѳɵɽ軨бȥѸո˯ſ˫ۣɺ¡ϴӴʱﱧţιӳԡ

һ߶žӴһߴȤѣո𣬴Ӵ˾糯˶ˣȻ˯

ﻹҳңֲûб̳˿߰
ЦЦ˰йһƨױ̨ϣǯסҵ°ͣ죬һüЦʣƲ˶ˣ

š
ҴöͰǸ⣬һȫض˵綼ˣȻҾԶˣ԰շץܣȥȪйȪ

ҲС
ЦŵͷĿеĸϣ㲻֣յѸ⣬ǵһ㶼ԣôգ۵Ĺ򣬶Сӡ

û취Ĳˡ
˵䣬ֳ顣

Ѵ߰⣬ȻЦи£˵Ǹ޽˹

ҰһۣƲƲ죺Ǿô˭϶Ůˣɡ

㡣
ְסҵļͷָͷĦţЦҲǺˣ޵øҸɽСľͷ󣬲ˣ˼ǰ˺ܾãѺԺЩѧʿ˺ü飬ŹıĲ

ʲô
һЦһǻܳô

ƶ죬һôܳˣǽʡ
ָҵţ̿ɫ䲻ǹѫ֮ңΪʷ٣ѧԨԴ㲻ɡ̫˵ͭΪ¹;ʷΪ֪;Ϊʧ

˵ҵ֣һһдġֺ֣סѧ徭ƷкãҲС΢ʱںԺ˳ʷݣ޶ǰʷͱʷǡY˵ͯʦ֮Ҳ˼ǰ󣬾ӵʦʲˡ

ҵͷ
ΪѣΪĸ˼ǡ

С
˫ſϣͷЦģλ˽Ҳô

ҵĻ䣬ͷ󼱴ҴҵĽŲ

ȸСŽֱѺҼЦ£ѾˣԺ⣬ҪҪ

ɡ
Ѷָúȥӭˡ
ҵļʾȥӣЦϾҲʦ磬޵ʿЩȥӭ

⻰ӹ߳Ϸ

СӲúҲ࣬ͷҪѰһĺӸЩJJģ˸첲ۣǽվˣȥ򵥵ؽ裬򵥵˵֣˵һĻ

첻ѣ˵⺢Ҳ߯ˣ谶һϲŻ

ңңǸҪĹƶûҶӡ



ұŶӣվࡣ

ȥСԺӶ˺񣬿ǽһ￪޵ĺġͺ÷еֹ˶þ񣬴ʯ̨£š

ֻһЦҳǰȥСԺһǰһ߽Ůǹ硣

ʢװױ磬ü۽ЦŸˣӦþġ

˸ͷߣĴ֣ʮ£ԲС۾̫֣ԵòЩ̣ƲӣЦʱⶼڲָúӰ飬̫ѧ峵Ĵѧʿƹ

΢Ц첻ѵһҶͦԲ
͵ҵĽţݸǳЦ᲻˵˼Ǹ̬

ʱĺȻȵѣֱͦͦˤһӣ͵ش˸վЦеس͹Ů֣ûû£ýǷ
˵⻰飬һȳһյЦųǰ

ȻС첲ֱˣָģҺѣ˵Ľҵţ۾ˣؽУ˾ˣǸǾ˾ˡ

һУʱһֱֻȭҾ񣺡΢ҵСӵľ˾˰

ް
ѴһӣЦԪ˵Сľͷ֮ǰйһ˾˵Ҳ⡣ѧ˵飬䲻طϣǼ磬ǶЩ𶯲ˣ޿鷳

˵ѿԸŹȥ־Ϳϯա

ýѸסСľͷ°ͣҡЦСҲ߯ˣ˾˽еģǵðӵѧʶ̸㡣

Һ⹷ѶӔJЦ㱻СӸƭˣ㵱ǽˣ

ǡ
üϸ˼ȻȻ򣬲Цݺ˶ڣ޶ˣСӿĸղһȳһյ˾ԣ٣⻵͸˵Сӣһͻˡ

ꡣ
ҡͷЦײѣͬһȥ

಼õϲԲϰʳ

ǲʲôѾ·ȳĻȥ˰µĲҡűƣһߵͷһЦŶԺ˵ؼЩѱ׺ɺڼó

ȴôȻ飬֪ۻǾнȺ糺һƬſڣƼѽˣȥ

ա
ѿЦĲ˶³ģǲóԣҲֳӡ

þӪôľ¥տ϶
֣ƽƱŵϣЦǰϥһ
Ҫ¸ͷæץסҵ˫ۣҷ´ңͷЦԽòˣʮ˰ɣŵʮ꣬иӱģ

ϲȥȡס
ݸǳЦϥŤͷʾȸϽȡȥ

ǡ
Цź۹Ȥ㾫ֿտԾϯռˡ

ⲻǸ˸ʦ
ģЦ磬¶˵ˣǼ磬ҲˣѺ¾ա

ûѡ

΢Цŵͷ°ŬķΣ

ǡ
˿ĭ̤С鲽
Сؽڽűߣͷǰꡣ

Ƽˣ̽ȥЩЦʣָʲô񣿡

΢ֵУġʷǡ͡顷
ЦŴ

Ȼ
ҡͷһЦḧСԴҲ̫ˣʦ־׼飬ǸޣܿöЩûùһУ

Ĩ˰ѱͷȺЦ΢ޱֻЩ飬ٺ١

ڴʱҵĽűһʹԭ⹷͵ҡ

һ⣬æžƺ߹ȥԸ˱ƣ裬΢΢ϥЦ綼˵ѧʿѧԨԴӣպҪˡ

˭֪̫֣Ŵ
ʱ˸ͨ죬ͷ˫־ƱЦԪСɷ΢ˣ߾ȫ̵Сӡ

㡣
бۿңЦ֣ʦأҲЩȲô£޻ɾƣܺȵģ޵ľƻ̵ء

Ǹҡ
Щգֽ߬ס豭ҽˡ

Ҿʾ

޿ɲܽˡ
ѸԼе˾ƣЦȵģԺȣͬһ˾ѧʿһȺˡ
˵⻰һƱ棬Ų豭ôȣ

ҡң
Ұй
Ҿܾٴзûô

²˰ɡ
һЦʡ

򴽵ͷḧСЦ

ģ
վ߹סңŵ¿ңʣôޣʲôʱģ
˵⻰ʱشù˽ǰľ׳ȥ
⹷ÿ糺죬綼ûˣսңḽҵСˣ

¡
ݸǳЦġ

ֲθôá
ﾡЦ⣬ŤͷЦ޵ǻòᣬȪй˸УΪƷԪǣλо֮ס

ϣϲˡ
ϥѼЦ檹ϲ£ˡ

áã
˵֣һӣ޽˫ϲţͣȫ͡

ڴʱƼĩĺ˿ھƣ׳ӣճȭСؽԣ£ǲӦøţԪ֣·ԭ䡢˵˼ȥԪ˵ʱ򣬳ֲۣף΢΢̫谮ĸӲá

һ⣬˵û
Щר֮ǰᣬҶ£ɲǻӡ

ҸҪ˵Ҫš
ʵԪҲУҶô⡣

ڴʱƼģ΢գȶˣҲʼ

ѣüһȪйԪոߣһԪ֣µΪţѰ°ˡ˵ˣ߼ԭǱδޣ½֪£ԪҲûʲô
˵Ĩ赭дһЦ򣬱ıļūܽԪᣬй֮ˣôһԪ֣İգû˵ġ

⻰תŴĴָϵĴָͷ΢Цԣġ




117.  ץ   ץ˸ɶ

117--ץ

ƽ³, ұΪ֮ף--Ԫر, Ƿ

ҵͷǳЦ, ϯ˵ı顣

Բ˵ֻ, ͷ·Ƶģסв, ҶЩ

ü۽Ц, ŪСľͷҪ, ߲ˣ

λѧʿ, ű˵˼䣬Ҳҡʱˡؽ, ۵ؿ۹ɫ̾˿ͷǰһ÷˿⡣



ա
ЦŤͷ, һŵĺѧʿЩнˣȥ̷÷, Щ, ԡ

˵, Ҩ, ݸ, ЦѼ, ކ, ˵˲Ρ¹׶ˣͽιѼּ˻, Ļ˺üʱųɵģЩ

檶л´
֣󷽵΢Ц
㣬ֱӶȥȣСֻ첲쳤ˣȥ룬һڶȲȥ
ؿʣôˣ

ˮգۣľͷȺȡ

ԭСӲѽ
ͽضսĿڣιӺȡ

һ⣬δĸףȻ֪һĺӲֶּ̲ܺεĶ
ûֳŹιһڣָСӵƨɣЦ̾ﰡ֣кóԵģʱ˽㺬춪ˣﰲ÷

˵䣬ҽϣæÿӸ˸ȵЦȵȣּЩңԽй㣬ܲġ

֣Ҷ˳ƺüβһæЦϣǽɵýȵȫԹ⣬Ųõ

⻰¾ƣЦŴȤٳЩưԲЩ

ʱ糺죬Ӹճ£ѵСŮ״סҵĸ첲ЦߥޣԽˣõúúõذһ

İա
̿ۺѣҾͲˣԷ

б㬡¼磬ЦŹ棺УרŸ԰ɡ
˵䣬ƺͷֱﵹ˹˺ڣģŪǡ
Ҳû⣬Ĩ˰ѣų˺ü̿⣬ţСԴÿôƱ

ĸ۾͡

ңҡ

޸ĸѣ

棬ȦȻˣָϣس˿֪Լ޸ĸҰݰСʱ򣬻ǸûһԶȥĶڡ

æսĸ첲ʣôˣ

ް
Цҡͷȶˡ
ܿʰ˿ָ棬Цʣյĸ̾ݣʹһЩԱ޽ԣвҷӦνⲻҪλôǷˣ׼ˣ

һֿʼ̸ˡ
ûߣҾͲ
װȤÿӽȵ飬˵㵰ƣι죬ǻųСȽȣñʳٳԵ㡣

ԣҪµء
εرס˵Ҷ͵ƽһ𣬽СӷŵιԹԳԷ״ȥСľ

Сľ֣ʱ˾Сŵôģ۾ңرӤ˵ġ

á
æЦһϴ߲ˣ

СӺȻһЦֻ۾ʱгС

ŸιĹ͵ơ

ʱֱӣ˿ھƣЦ·ģѡɫˣıնϼѣһѾʹ֮ϣܳ谮һеʱȥ丱ϣǰͣǿȡЧ˼ƻͼ֮լͬʱĲҲģҷֱ֮ʱǱһ£һһ䡣

š
΢΢ͷЦ޷ġ
˵ѸԼЩƣ˱üʣͯǸˣ

檰ϣȥ˲ء
֣˿ڲˣϸ˼Ƭ̣ӣСһˡ

أ
Ҳ
һƣѺ͹ʱڿҡ
ҽֱͨͨüѣǵԲסҲġ÷ԼҸųˣĸ׼檡ŮڲأһԼҸ̲סޣȥɱôã

һЦÿҵͷԹƣ˾֪ཿ˳ͯްٸϸ߽Ϊ֯ͣ˳н̽ԼҸ֮ʶ޾Ҫռңôѧ踺أ嶯֮ɱ÷ˣ޾ãҲˡ

ͷ΢ЦѵĻͷͯǸнĺӣΪ̿飬¥С˷ڣʱ¥ȥ÷ͳʳ̫̫ĵúء

Ǿͺá
ѵͷкĨթ֮ɫЦһܺ
˵ѺȻĸӣݸǳЦٷҲ˺þãץܰգأ̫ˣºЩЪϢ

ѽ
æЦ綼˶͵λСȥץ
˵䣬æȥóϽϴ



ҴŶȥСݲϴǰǰæСյĹŰʰͣ

һŪúұСӿ첽߽Ϸڼ䣬ȥﴹ˺öˣĸȸȣѴʱоˣķЪϢվڿߣЦͬѧʿ˵

ҵĽŲ˲ۣץסվûվȣ˼£Цų֣ʾҸϽȥ

ҳǰȥ˿˰ǧĴбͷķı̡崺Ԫӡ¡б徭ġ顷

ҵСӺɲץ˳ϵĶǵѶģЩԪһԪ͸ˣץסJ

ץܲ˭Ǯ

Сľͷץˡ
Ѵһﱧ߶ӣôĴָȥӴߵĿˮȻüһֽ̧Լͷ϶Ϸڲ£ڿϣŤͷģЦҲȥ޵ҪСץʲô

ҵĶҪɤˣ⹷ʲôãƫŻʵ۵Ĺڡ

ϣûץץӵġ
ҰæҪǸߣ˭֪ץס˸첲

⹷·ȴˣľֱһһӣ¹ܣ޵ҪƣĺӾץʲô
˵⻰ѻȦܣĿкĨɱ⣬Сץܵ£ֻ˽պʲôģ

䣬ѹѹһˣһͷ̧

ƼˣҡͷЦЦӻͳ龧Ө͸赣طڿϣЦԶݻͳ˭֪κ֪̽κ׷ɱ檴˳ҹֱ֪檵ͷʱףǶľ赡ֻ䴩˹ӣֻ赵ĽҲˡ¼Ȼ˹ڣ檾ͷſ񣬴͸ϣԺҳΪΪһ

⻰˿Ȼ

Цǰ࣬бϵĽԪ͵ЦûǰľˣֻܷŸĽӣϣ⺢պһȱǮ

εЦңУôȱǮ⵱СҲ˵ӷŸصĶ
˵⻰ѿģЦѧʿ׼޵Сӷʲô

ķֵһ£æ⿪˫ŷŵϣЦ΢޳űʷǡպ顢顢ö顣

ҲС
ؿۡ
ڿϣСƨɣյӸǰ壺öӣȥץ˲õĶơ

ҵĶᵽɤ۶ˣע
СſڿϣãȻؿףȻЦǰȥ

ץӡץӣ
˫ְؿڣĬŵؿڸȥҲЩţǰ̽Щ֬ǳɸɫ֮ͽ޴㣬

ûʵģƫƫһ·ƿʲô赡ԪķıһץסǱʷǡϲرڻС컹ȥУˮһ顣

˶û뵽ġ

ץ˱飬ʲôպ󱾱ֶַʶ
Ҳаɣǰ㶮ºҵĸ

ЦŤͷѡ
ѵóմסţ·𲻸Լģתӣʣץ

ʸ׵ҡͷܾص󣬾ǲ

˵һΣʡ
ֱӶȥ

Ҫ
ؽ鱧ڻšǽվֱֵǱʷǡ﷢Ц

Ƽˣסתͷʹظ˺üһ̾һЦŤͷһԲ֪ģƼûͽպˣ





118.  ̥   

118--С뻳

ӵ, ȥˡ

ϲգһ˳졣



ҹ, 쿪ʼƮ, ŵĺʪε, ͬ˵֬ᡣ

ԡҴ, ױ̨ǰ, ϸͲĨƵĸ, ͸ͭ󿴡
ʱ, ڿϣﱧ, ǰĿϰ˺һࡢīͲ㣬⹷˿ڲ裬ñͷĵоЩ, Լ

֪ʲô
ѴеСľ, ˷, ݵ, Ŷӵ, ͷŵһīСƱ, ɷнµؽ̣Ʊ, 󳼰ǵúɫīдֽ, ౳Ȼʣ󸸻ĺ, ЧȻͿԷȥͽƱ⣬ô

ֻСץס࣬һѽСƱ˺ˮϳ˷ܵػţƱƱ

ԣԣ
ӲȥߵˮẒ̌񲿡̲أҪҪǱˣ

~~
ͷʣСʶ

̡
ҡͷһЦ¶Сĵؽ̣

ľͷԡԡ
ָϵһ֣Ͱ͵ؿʣҪǸ

Ǹܳԡ
Ѱ¶ӵĸ첲װأĻỵСԳԡ~


ˣȻСžشѵ

٣СӾ
֣Ż򸸻ʿɾҪСƨˡ

ƨ֣۵һٿޣС첲ң~~

ûúľͨ΢ĺڷ

~
ҲȻˣĽҵţҪѿɿҲο˼󣬽ֹסС˱ŴĴָͬʱίԼľͷԹԡ

룬ȻԼοԼ

ҺƼˣͬʱ̿

Ĩ˵㻤ͣò˿ͷʩʩȻǱȥ
ЬϿѸǰ֣ſ˫ۣѾͷĴӣЦˣСľͷίģɡ

˭֪СӾȻߡŤͷܾңӽϡ

٣Ƣˡ
Ӵչȥظƽ̹С;ɣСúˣߣ

ҪҪ
ƿʣҡҡλεվرסҵͷѹغ󣺡ҪľͷҪ


һѽŵڻͷҡųСӸ˵ÿֱЦ

Цſĸ˿֣ݵʣµˣңɱǰ˵Ҫ¾úƵġ
˵ĿҵСϣЦûأͺҸ˵ʲôãһʱ˸ӡ

϶Ů
ҽֱ֣ͦظĵǰϣμȥֻС򣬰ϣѩ׿ģ̫ÿˡһʱжʱʲôԲڣµûڵأڻرԣڣϲ䲻˵Ůô϶ǸѾͷ
˵䣬ҴŶӵСţţסҡ£ЦһһŮճɸã㲻ô

⡣
ҡͷЦЦͷ޶ϲ
ȻѴָŶӵСԴЦС۾飬û˼βһСӡ
˵ָҵСɷнµӣߵﻳǵܻܵã

ܵܡ
ѿڶ

öӡ
üһﾡǻϲңû

ȻɵСӣ˳̣ʲô
ƲƲ졣

˭˵޵Ķɵ
ѱ죬սǾأԲ

𿪣ʡ
Ұѣ֣ڶǰΣʣǶûǵܵܣ
ÿ͸̣~~

ܵܡ
֣ϲؽлľͷܵ~

û
Ų§סңЦ

а
ҺһڳԵ֣سԸ

Ҳֱߺߣָæҿ٣Ȼø˿ڣѽľͷԳԡ

ҺѻһۣЦСͦİ

Сӣ
Сƨɣôܸץأǲץӣôץӡѽ길ץܣһץסȵ۵֣Ӳȵ۴ĴָϴǸָߣǸϴ
Ȼ⹷͵һԼĴָϵǸָü԰ץʷǣǡʷǡʮ͡ʮ顢ʮдץıţУ޵õ鷿ȥ

ϣôˣȥĶѽ
һסбۿɴͷأˡ

ʵСץʲôͣǴȥֱͷЩ˷ݺͬʱҲѶģæЦץôаԣ㲻ڼңһ׼һأץӣԺҪҳ

˵һЦ첲ϣֺĶӣӶֹ飬ǳԹ˵ˮࡣѧʿô֣϶̰ԣУʱֱ߷˲㣬Ѱζȥˡ

ģ
ѰŰɡ

ŲŰɡ
ҡļ򣬺˯ѣԭҴȥк;¥ķ̣ŶӴȥˡȹ£ཿ˳ˣȥǡ̾޼ֶڱϳǷҾ¥Ĵ󶫼ңܸѾͷ̱¡

⵹Ҳԡ
תĴָϵİָƬ̣ѾͷŮȷʵǿ֮ţֻ޻ϣǽھͼ档

ٰ֪ա
Ҵһڻ˯ĶϣСʣϯסĸ۾͡޸ĸѡұ֪ڶǲǣ

š
ѳ̾˿̽رڶԴϴ󣬾û˵ƾɪӷκ塢һֶ˵ҹﻷסԼڴϣ͵͵ޡⲻɪƼ⺢̫˱ͬӷ£˴ڶĴɢȥˡ


̾˿Ħѵı˼Ƭ̣ЦôŰɣҪཿȥӣǰǻ⣬ʵ˲æ׵ʱ˸ӹܾЩ¥Ҵóӯһָ㵱ķֺ죬̤̤ʵʵظڶ֪ȱǮ̲ڶģɵҲҵһ⣬У䲻һת򸾣㿴

ǵСǮŸԼðѡΰա
һЦؿң§ڻʲô˵˺üҵͷҡҡ

ã⹷ȻЦૣ˵֪˺£÷奵ķˣǸʲôĸˣ÷奸ǰ͵͵˵ʱգӦþ⼸ģӿ˰ɡ룬÷ʱֻ⻰͵һ¾ʹ죬ֱǸ˵ţȫѪĭӡ÷ˣţһȭߣȫҶôñйش̵һ֣»ؾ㣡

һ⡣
⣿÷Īǡң
ЦмôŮˣٳּլһӣ˫ŮŹ˺üأһĲŰ

ڴʱߵţȵ𣺡£ūҪ档

üʣûǺ󹬵ģ

ġŴ

еȥʲô¡

ūع֪ʺΪԪǣﵱūûūߺ޵ýֱߵ¯ϣ̺һƬʱ򷢸ǰ̫ݷɳȥŸҹ󣬻ʺɩ빬˵˺һӻţ֧ʹݷɸū˵Ʒľ֮ףвǻȥߵݻʺء




119.  СͿ   

119--СͿ

⻰, ֻĿ£ҲûжĬرҡ, Ҵ, ָͷΎȥߵˮ

͵ȥҲ򾲵ú, ǺĨЦӿϼ𷽲űŪ˵īСƱ, ָס, ˳ƽ, бۿ, ʣԪǣô

Сָָؿٶӱʺ, ŪСӣðҵƿۺ˼, ˯˿, һЦʺôס, , Ҿװ֪, ۲Ĳ

ǡ
Ц, չ, ֿסҵĺ, Ħ˼ҵͷɵӣϸͷŵ

ѵңʩѹ, ĪҪѳ
ҳʡ
̧ȥ⹷ǹĨЦ˼ؿҡ
ô˰
ãȻ˰ϣСһдꡱ˵ɲǵô꣬ң˵ˣҲʩѹѲɻϴ

ඡ
Ѵ˸ְָظҵĲָͷĦҵĴüһЦû˵ʺ޷ΪԪǣ˴𡣲صǲҪСͿ㱿

ҡ
š졣

ЦŶ㿪תóСϻͷӣ̺ãӹӣŵطźãصûĸ̫ȥҼⲻɩϳҹ빬Ѿȥ⡣

ɵϣ¼磬ʾҸ

Ҵֱ֣ϣñఴ羱ʣǻʲô⣿˵û֤ݣɴƵģӹɿȨȥҼҲûʲô㣬谶ĳӣҲù棬ʱ¶ˡôҶװƣֲΪء

š
غЦСͿ滹δףȷһ㣬˵޻ʱ°£ǵᣬʰģ޻ʰ
˵ҵĴȣ£ЦŴǰҲ뼫貹©ưɣʺ߻뷨Ӹϴ˼ǵһӣǺȽϺã谶á

˵̫࣬ҵһ¡
üϸ˼

ԼЦУ룬ȸްˣúܡ

һ߸һ롣
ʵҵҲ治Ƕдֻ꣬Щʱǰװװɵû
˵ģĿǰʱװƣ̫ƽΪ谵ԵʡǰѾܱΪ̫ӣʣµճӺҼСˡ

ǣƫĸӣⲢӰǺ;ϡ

谺Ľͬ꣬ʮˣûй񣬴̸ճӵû˵ʧĻΪ谵һЩԹڻ˵ѻǷǳӵģԬ嵱Ӹһ̣

ҵĶأһ꣬˳ʺʲôᡣ˭ұ֤Ժ󵽵׻ǳʲô

ΪĿǰҲֻϤӣպվϡ

ôһ顣

żǸӵ͵ľЩڳøҶӱɸ竣ͼ֮֮մŭ˼֡

ȷʵͦġ

װڤ˼룬ʹץ˼ͷıЦ벻żҪ֪ͲܺˡˣҶģҼҾͼ㲻ҼҾͰڼ̥

ɡ
ѳ˿ݸǳЦϾһؾһ



*

º

ݳݺɣ˸𣬲֪Ѿ¡

̼ǵõ˵ǻʺҡ
ʱҺԼδȥҸջУ̥ȣǱʲôʲôˣСô죬ĵţȵ̥˺ټ١

Ҳ¡
òң¡

£Ƿ˺ܶ¡

ԽˣһƣЦеͬ˵ӹԲԲģĿ϶ǸСӡ
ҲţϹƽʱҼסˣ綼ѣ⹷ӵˣң벻֪ǶŮ

ҲŲҪ
һֱϲģﻳĿ϶СԲ

ǵõ磬ѧʿӵʦ
ºڸۡٳСԺרպѧãԺС᷿Уǰڰ˵ܵﶩ˼ʷӼĴͷ飬Ϻõıīֽ⣬֮׵

ôѧʿȻھͿʼÿδʱʱߡﱧסűëʫҡͷԵشӹ翪ʼ

һ󸹱㡢ؽ̣һɵͷɵԡ֪Ƶ

Ȼûһ;÷ˣҪôСľѧʿҪôȻʺ򣬼ѧҡҡλεԺܣ۵úͷ׷ϸһȦء

ҸɴѧʿڣǿԺúֵָһҲģʼڿƾѧҵùͷԶסˣÿ첻鱳飬رù
ѧʿҲûΪǺӣ͵ӣؽ̣˽ͬ˵ǸµĺӣССͺг㣬ż̳иҵ˾徭ĵӺã̿ѧȥƾٱضУǷǣǽΪ٣츣һ

⻰³ѧʿһòˡֻҪҼҵĺǶãҾ͸ˡ

ͷ⣬¥Բ˵ڳҺཿֿ˼ӣȡʡרźϵϡԼ㡢ȣҲ

Ҽ¶࣬úҲֵúܡ

ǳƵ
֮ǰʷ̨ʮʷרŻⲻͲһ׮ɰ
׸ĵŴǰ˹Աɣʱܻ¸ʮ֮ޣµ겻֪ĸ˲õĹԱˣ֮Ŵ֪ѿֻŸǮϤ黹󣬱㲻׷˵ǹ黹˵ǳһμҡ

ţʷֲĪݵطԱ̰˰ɡĪԭ׸һʼԩگһѱᵽطȥˡ
һְҦϣҦĶʦǻʵεĴ

һ±䶯Ѱζˡ

󣬹ʧˮ⣬ǻʺΪ֮ţϺҥԾֶߡ
ȻǸްĻӣ׷ĸҲǸϵĹΪ
˵ˣʺ֮йķˡ
ĸ̫ܲԭΪΪ˱̫䣬˺Ԫʺ֮йԪλһƷˡ

ûãּѸȺʵԪ֮ӣֻ򵱳ڹƵԣⰵ㣬һߣֻܻѳĸУʵнȪйϴϽλйʲΪԪ³һв񣬺ǰߵݻʺ



ԭΪ϶󣬲Żû뵽Ȼô졣

ʱҶһĵΣű߱΢ˣ޷֣ĻǵֺŶƴߣָֻλ֪һˡ

ɺȻҾȻʲôˡ
˳صߣﻳ϶ڹԼСңֶˣ֮һԪ

ҸԼ̫ˣֺôƭˣ˵ôѹˣ㣬ֻΪӣΪѹżңǡҦһ㣬ã˳Ҳ㡣

Ҳ˵ͨ
װ׵ؿѲʱ侲źͻϲǻΪҰճһգ
һΪҴװ˷Դ£
ҸĽմŭ

ָңĸˡ
ɵϻ˶ô

˭
Ǳ⣬ѲƣҲմѪʶ壬С⣬ҰƣȥʮڷƮҡвٳһңȴվɷġ
ң˰

ʹѣΪʲôҪôá
⻰£ЦҪʲôԭϲ

ţ˻Աݵðա



³壬ҽݼӡ

ʵ綼ͳˣҲδҴɫȹ
һӽȣһһǸŮˡ

ҵȻ泯죬෴ҪװĿ
Щ꾫ҵϵļرۣƵĲӣҲ˳ƽ˽³Ħң˵˵С£־ģʡ

ʲôʣǻӺ˼İˡ
ҾãԼҲŮˡӵһȤ̬ȡ

˸磬٣ȸӻ԰˶̺ɽ軨ٱߣ˾ױվͭǰ˰죬ҳ˶Ӵ֮⣬֫ϸЩӸˣ󣬷·һʮꡣ

ҾҪ俴Ҹ۱ȵʲôزԶôˡ

ʰ޺úҾʹȸǳˡ

⣬綼ʮִ

̧ȥӴʱǰŰߵ崺ؿܣ֣ҵĽŲæͷңʱס
ҳͷ΢Цǣ£ЦЦ˲񣺡΢ָʹ·ͨԪ


ͦŶӼ߼æӣЦض񡣡

ǡ
һֱͷûҡ
֧ʹ˽ŵ֧ǰһӣ̡

㳵ڳ⣬ҡ

ҽд򿪣ЩѸԣɴͷĴӣʣﶼ׼ˣ

š
ɫ࣬ڣҵǰͿʼɨѲΨ˷ʤĶδʲôʱʺ֣ŴϡֻΪȷͺӵİȫ΢һͬس£С˰ָ

ܳʲô¡
ЦЦ
ȻҷִӷԳСˡ
ҿĲӰ̾˿СȣҡݸŰɣκ˶ҳ£лȵʱٽҡ





120.  ټ   

120--

˵һ, ɱۣô˯š

ȥʱ, أû, ûеӻسʮ, ֻҹ˾ʱŮ㡭

ʱŻЦ, ·汻, ͻȻ, ûµ˲Żһﱨ, ʵأ̬ǧĶ̫Ů˫ȫ

, վǰˣݣ˺ӡ

Ȼ, ̥һ¡
ָϴӣЦ, ʱ̥Ŷ¡
, Сر, ҽǳ˯͵͵ߵ, Ҳ֪СѺô, ˰, ˽, ϽؼҰɡ

ţҲ˸УָҴ, ڶϣ˯

˸Σμصʮꡣ
һָ߹ڹĳ֣ಽظҺͷקҵӣбƣڵһ¾ͺˣĿİͰ͵һ˵

˳Ŀȥѣڹǰڳ֡

ţҺȻԼվɴżƣҿǰ飬һӡԧ֡ߴι֡

⹷üۺ飬Ȼһҧסָ

ʲôǣ
Һ޵ص´
͵һȻ͸ˡ

ʶָ϶ӣط֣ͣˣȸִʱ࣬һҷһҵ֬ۺ;ӡ

ô
Ӳ˶ϵ麹ʡ

Ѿˡ
ȸǰ˫磬Ц·˺ͻƴ綼ͷˡ

ƴˣ
Ȼ
Ķðƴˣ
Ҳû룬žӾ첹ױȸֲ
Ŀȥһгͣ⣬ִĽʿ˫Էֿǰ

ǰվŸӢˬŮˣױ޷ͷɫͷ˫ۻסĬԭأŮӲδŷ죬ԼĪʮµ꣬ͷߣüۼ͸վʮͬװŮÿж崺·ܲǵӡ

ӺŮ˼³ˣǰ

΢·ͨμԪ
΢÷μԪ

÷΢
ŮҲǸ٣

ɡ
˰ѣ΢΢ͷĿλӢĻ÷ϣЦʣλǡ

бǻ÷ĨڽСǡ

˵÷Ůˢˢγ崺ŭӡ

ƲƲ죬˿ڣЦλǸ˾Ļ÷ƴˣλͬƷָ¡ˣмŮˣЩ˲£ƩѲڹѶͽЩŮ

ˣŮˣߡ
÷Ц͵ͱӵС

Ӿûü㿪Ӳһ£ʹ£ٴθ˿ڣ˵ˣС˵ˡ
ӳǻ÷ȭȻЦƴ˲ᣬǱ뺷

÷۴ӣɫ࣬ٴθҹ΢ԭ˾ģ½΢µֳӣһǰ֣ȥݣһӰбԪ¾ѡʮŮ˸˾˾˵ʵϹֱӵǲʺ΢ʱӺͶ˳ڵ

˵ɴҪ˵ȨУ÷һ㶼ʾ˺ﺬŹɺݾϲ


üæʣ

÷ߣߣүˣֵûӣô岻סñҲͣүһʺ΢Ƚſ죬ͱүһˡ

ҡͷЦЦ⹷Ŀڣѻúö俴ŴŮһô
ûŻ÷ߣ̫أŸ׵û߼·۵òС
쵽˳ʱҾһϤĺֺҪҪľͷҪס

ҲɵüӿŲΡͭţƼԶվʮˡ
Ѿͷ֡Ĺˡ̫࣬жϡ
ϻ̫ҽԺְĹٷվŸʮ̫ҽϱŸҩ䡣
ӣϲ֪Ķ׽ֻƣָţǰΣŻӡ

˭֪Сһץסֻ죬ڵϣͨ죬ﻳŤҪҪҪס
䣬ңСίذ۵һˣֻ첲ңĽֱţסף

ˡ
æźСܹȥӹ
ձס⺢§סҵĲӣ񷽲ǰ㷳꣬ίӿޣҪľͷԹԡ

ḧŶӵĺ󱳺СƨɣҡͷһЦ
ʱ򣬻ҲҪˣⲻŵøұ֤˵ԼԺԹԵġ

ްⲻ
źӡ

ڴʱƼӻӻ֣˽̧Ҹǰ
һ⣬˲
ҶӴ±ܣ˵طҸǰ
ңҲƢˣԹԵ࣬شһС

Ҹ߸ڲ֮ϣǰ̫ࡢ澺żжŻ̫ྭƼҵĲͷ¹

ұۣ˿żŨĻ㣬йʪù

ϴι¼Ÿġǡʮ꣬빬̽ĸڼž֣Ѻ쳾һ棬һ

ٿѩʮֻ꣬صط

ϵʲô
Сָźǽߣʡ

ǻʹ㸸׳ĵط
ҸḧŶӵСԴ㿴ǸöӵǸͤ
յļ䣬ȻӿУԭһǵ߹·
ǰѩǰ͹ո䣬͵˳Ǭ̡
ҺȻֹס˸ͷʣСľͷϲϲ

ϲ
˵ֻСץסͷңµأľͷ档

һòã
Ҫȥʺ󡣡

Ҫ~
Ȼ⣬͵͵ˣתסңСҵϣľͷȥȥˣҪס

Сľͷԡ
ҸСԴ
䷢֣ڲһĴ⿴ңĨԲЦ⡣
ҿֱǰֽ崺յøˣŵƽĲζ

ʱͣ

ǰȥſ綼˺Щˡ̫գҾоӭϮһ˿˿⣬˻
ǰҵ΢ڹɻƴȥ

΢Цŵͷ
ʱƼ÷嵶£ӣŮҺͶӵǰҡ
˿˲
Ҹļ̫СŽȥʺ󣬲ѸپڣȸֺͶ̫ҽȣһߡ

һ֮ĸ֮ңʮֵĻֺ룬ϵ⥵ϹޣϺŸӵɴԺеİʮƷĵһʱ䣬ǻңβ·ɣɷǺÿ

ſŸе̫ۣ࣬Ƽˣһ˦Ԫݵ
ʾ⹬˽ƿعڵҽȥʱ򣬲סб͵͵ҡ

ǻʺ﹬̫࣬ݷɡ
÷յ࣬

š
ӦŤͷŵĶ̫ҽ
΢΢ҡͷģϳδų̥Ķ

á
ͷߡ
̤żȥǸûʣŵ䣬ֱ֣·ַЩͰףʱȵͨ죬ױһ롣

ʺֱŸʮСŮӦþõ׾ģźصĻ˫٣ϸֻ˺챦ʯĽȺС鷢ʪڶϣˣö˶ģһҽˣ޵سҵ

ûǰơ
ʺŸˣһʮĹˣӦǹ֣һھ˵Ĺڷʮ£ݳò۽Ȼƣ΢Цüۼ͸ƣŴķˣʺĴɩ--ϡ

⸾СʱǼģûô仯

ʺأҵأ

ȻͶˡ

վԭأһ

ڷ΢ǰ㡣

ŮĨңɺܿƽȵףɨѹѹŮ͹֣Ũڴе΢΢
ʱذļֽ߬ȭδŭֳĿƣһϣ۾գ˺ܶΣ£Щ飬ЩĿٴƣ͹ĴӣЩζ΢ſԹ޺ͲʣȦҲЩ죬ʲôû˵

Ҳ

ǰұѰдɴ͵͵ġ
ʱȻ㲣꣬ǡ·ʮ̫꣬ݣȧǺԽԣˣͿֿ̱֬ĸо˵ŷں٣Ƴͷݻƣ·˲١

ٴζӡ

ҶȻһЦסܿҵĿ⣬ܿ죬ֱ̧ңһЦ

ʵ̫붼

ڴʱƼǸлݷɵ̫ŸţˣǰҶŮûҿŷҵǰһߣȣԪʺй񡣡

ֻǿЦδ

ݷһٴγȣԪй񡣡

һǲ

ʱһֱŵ֣ȻһЦϥʺ񣬴е࣬գۣ°ͳŬŬбһϯϵŮˡ
׹˼¼ڹʷŮڣշһУдעϣʱԸȥˡ

ҳ΢Цŵͷ

ԪӴѽ
֣Цų֣ſ˫ۣ֣

Ƽˣָ첲͵Ҫȥ
Ҫӵʱ⻵СӿЦ͵תסҵĲӡ

٣СӾˣ
֣ĴСƨɡ

ڴʱƼЦǰظһЦ´ңδֱǸװʶƵģûӵؿ䣺ԪòģУɿӷף߸µ˰ɡ

ҵһЦŻ¡
˵⻰ʱЦſ䣬Ȼ뵽ʲô£Ӽز

ˡֱԡ
ٴγϥͷεЦȥҲЩǲƷ̫˰գʱѡ

ڴʱĬĶǰһĨȻһЦ˺Ԫ︹ʵ˻˫̥


һ

Ҳסˡ
֮ǰΪضӱϻػʱΪ̫ˣ
ֲ̥ʱһ½һ¡

Сô
æЦʶϡ
ŮԲͲˣٲҪѶ


ȻһЦϳҽľ飬ӦСӡ

ٴסһӣ
Ȼ״ˡһǰȥԭûȲ裬ӵˣʱɫɷףҪվһѣΣϡ

ĸôˣ
৵һվ𣬼䡣
䵭ҡ֣ǿֳЦɵÿң£ֻǽȣЩˡ

̫
޺޵غ˾䣬šֱ
ǶŹӣδڳԣֻǷŭվǰ´ңԽԽޣûסҧԭʾǱôĻˮסˣ㲻ˣԪô澱Ŷйʲô˼Ӱˣʲô԰ڵġΪѲʲô
۾ˣظһһ֮ʺ󣬾Ȼй񣬺ôĵӡ
˵Ѿͷֳҵ˭֪첲÷ץס

ſ
ŤͷŻ÷ŭȡ

÷ûᡣ

ſ¡
ҵһЦ

÷ԣüϸ˼Ƭ̣ɿ֡

ۻ÷ٴ֣޵ҪҶ⡣
һǱصشи첲룬ͦСͦ

ŤͷһԹŮˣȻڷܱʼ顣

ЦЦʲôû˵
ɾڴʱһﱧŵȻһץסͷѽѽشУ

ɿ
ֱĴ֣֪ȻԽץԽһֻžžشͷͷƤ

ɿѽ
ּۣҼ䣬Ȼָȥץ֡
ˣɿ

ʱǰŵĹϡϺͻ÷˶ˣȫǰ
СӾȻֻϣͷǳѾͷָץһѪӡӣ˿û˺ͷ

ĸңۣ


סˣķϳŮ

ǼˣڰԽֿܷˡ

ǰһƣķ綼ˣסĸ׿޵
ŮͷӲŮͷƤһеѪӣóҵûסʲôƵСӣȻ
˵⻰ͬʱһᣬһߺ޵˰ŮʮѽȻôûãˣ죬ˣ

ҰĸŮæ
ҶͷкüѪۣСӾȻûޣֻСֽ߬ŰѶϷС»Ÿ첲ί
ͬʱСﺬᣬŤͷңСȭͷͷҵ۵һˣ׹Թԣ۲ۡ





121.     ڿ

121--

, ﲻۡ
Һӡ
ȥͷƤѪۣϵһ۾, ֱ, Ƥۣ˿ĵطѪ
ѹӿ, ʱʱسغȵ

ľͷۣ򣡡

Һ޵õĸŮ, С޻, ίؿĸ, ͷƺͺСָͷСһ, ǰɢ˺ܶ౻ϵĺڷҲָ׿ٳѪӡӡ
أһʼӰס, ƸסظŮͷ޹ŮȻһ޸ˣοյĻҪѿڶʱ, ƺʶԼйʺֱͦ˱, ɿ, , ʾĸȥ, ü

, ĪҪԼ, , ɺͳ

˵䣬䳯ҿҲ

ôԹ޵໥š

Ҷ, ߺŨţԪô塭

ȿȡ
ϺȻصؿĻ
⸾ͬһһһסüҡͷ

Ƽ˿ȥٴγҿеĵӺͷŭȻһ룬ǿֳЦصͷ
ס԰ô̫ͻʺ󣬹Ȼ˵Уȥˡ

ұŶϥ˸ȻһЦ

ĸס
Ϻ֣ĸףץסķۣűӣбĸӡˡ޵Ů۰Ԫ

סڣ
һ˦֣Ȼشһ⣬ʱͰˤڵء۵ǰ㣬ҪȥŮӲסˣ˦´䣬ָɣسùŴοڳɣ־޵Ʒе£οܵܣ֮У㾹µȥ֣ݻˡ

ĸףŮƽ
סֻСȭͷݴµء

˵ˡ
ȶĻĸ֣ѹȥ£úóһľԡ

ĸôˣ
𲻿ŵؿ䣬޵³ҡȥҸʣ

ȥ
ŤתͷɫԽˡ

ʱǸĸ־ͽקشȥˡ

ûŮĿڵʱ徲˺ܶࡣ

ؿ䣬ǰͬ˵żΪҪңǸģʱһţǰϢϢأֿżҹȻһˣ󱣴ӣա

ײңҲºܿĸ׺ϰģⲻ䷽ŷݽѵԼŮҿڡʾ
ŮҵҪοΨһŮǲܸĸӣҲΪ˼谵ǰ̵ӡ

ʱ俴ңЦᣬƺ˵˰ɡ

⣿ʲôء

ұͷᣬصȴбۿ¼עŮˣ޵Сȶֵģʺʺûָѵ˹ó޵ݡ￴׵ķݶϣˡաʵųҪй񣬹͡Ҷǳ檵Ĵ

˵⻰Һῴ䡣

ʱҲҡ
ôٴ໥ţ˭˵ȻֳԷº͡һЦ

ȻƼǰȲطΣתеǰʱͨһ£˫ַأؿͷϣμԪ治ǹҪð˺ӵġ

溬ϣ͹ĴӣЦԪø˲Ŵ˫ӣ¸ǳԪ֣Ƕһ޶ٳ裬λӺ󣬱¶ʹͲϣλݡ

˵ϺȻᣬʱ˫ַأӼ檸ԴĦʥģԣʺ֮Ԫˣٷ⣬λҪԽϡʧԣ治ǳð͹ġ

⻰һ⡣
ĸˣǸҿͷȻҺ͹ĹϵʾӺ󣬷ŵλԽ
æ
ֻǵһЦ裬񾴾ưҾ˾٣ü¡

΢Ц˵ͷ
˲Ҫǰвоˡ

˿
æȸϣ̾˿ЦһʼҲԪƺףɱ˵ˣֻȡŰˣ»˵ıӵ˼ūܽԪУй֮ˣ֡

˵⻰ʱ΢Ťͷ䡣
Ȼ䴽ǳ£̩ɽţû

ʱ²յ߹һб
ݽ£ϡ
ѾˣԹԵڹϣͷӯӯؿСָͷָԼֱϵѪۣί

ϡ
ְסС֣Ħźӵͷʣǲۣ
Ȼң˹Ƶҡͷľͷԣ۲۵ġ

Ǹ¸ҵСӢۡ
ŪбۿʺϣЦˣԪòխ֮ˣƽϹһء鼱֮²ſСûʲôģַҲĪҪ̫ģδŴδָɣǱ·й

δ˵꣬ˢһ˲ɷף¹˾֮ӣҵ޷޸ֻйĤݣӲҲûǸ˼

ϣлһ䣬ַ˺α˶ӴĦء
ǳЦǼڽָ̧£

ҳݸǳЦ
Ťͷŵȸֵʹ˸ɫʾǽ׼õźͲߵķ֮¡
ʱ÷ŵ̫֡ߣһվڻʺ࣬Ůʹ˸ɫǻҵ࣬ϵȫ

ҲȸźһѵǰҼѵشʮߵա

̧ŷϵʮͷȴʮŮˡ
ʱһϷԣͺĶɱõŮˣ
ǽǣһĺý㡭

һЦץסȸĸ첲򵽺֮ϣйݴ

檸ߵԸ

Ц˵ΥĵĻͷ
ٴֱʱҿǰƺЩ죬ҾȻϸ£иǵתֱݣһֱҿҵӣڿΪ˳谮·ڴ⣬Ϊܴ

ɡ
һѣȻɫ̾˿Щ㱣֪ʲôˣʲô¡

񣬳檸ø衣
һӻ֣ȸС˵ǰ

ԭģֻȣ̿ײ
˵䣬СɹޣӴͷгһֻ˵ĺڼ׳棬˺飬յͭе뿪ˮ׳桰.ʬʱƯˮ档
ζյЦ˲ɽɽС֣˱ͣйɵĹԲζܽĿسʸ

俴֮һ£ɫѿȭͷ߬סܿɿҪӲ衣

Һʱֻ֮ࡣ

ýܸؿ֬۵Ⱥˢİ߲۽ǵƣЩǵӣͷϳصķڣޱȵķۡ
ޣҲ׹˭֪ͬҺ÷һҲߵⲽ໥¼ƣѰãµ

ΪŮˣһǿɱģҸġͬġ

ʲôϵ

ڴʱҷٱŵǶ̺ɽ軨ϣɢƬ

ʮꡣ
ҺʭͷͷһССͨڣСӣѩƮǽ໥ӵŶȹຮڵϻ̣ʯӶӣĿࡣ

꣬ûˣѪһ˵±ǻúòã

ð

ұۣˮ䣬εյ

˱죬ѩʹ⣬һ·裬˺÷ǼͬѼѿʹʮꡣ

˰˵ܣңżҶ֮ӡˣʮӼùʮǮÿżӣݾߵлǰڴһ¥ҸۿŴȳӵܵܵģ

ҸҶӣǳǸ⣬ֻڲкҶӣҺѾȻ֪

ȻһЦķʽյ˿ĭ˫־𣬵ݸ䡣

ֻҡ仹л÷ܿŵľٶ

÷ɫ糣˫ۻסǰӶ

ߺ޵صңܾӲ衣

ʺó檾Ĳ衣
˵ȴЦ

۾ˣȻˣңظ޵һһǲӡ

ΪβӲ裬ǳĶˣݲ¡
˵⻰ʱŤͷίؿܱʼŮˡ

ڴʱȻаѲˡ

ʰڵϵɽ軨УЦ䡣
˲ڶƤ£뽫ãؽҧᣬȻ˿蹾˹һ

л
ݸȸ
ҷĸ첲ѵϥ丣һЦ˵Щǳ檾Ͳˣ檸ˡ

˵⻰תߡ
ҳȥʱѾڹ˯ˣʺһ񣬱Ҳ뿪

Һ͹߳żʱ֡ǽغ촫̫ҽʺ˿Ѫȥˡ

ûһЦ
Ȼһ󼱴ҴҵĽŲ첲һʹԭץסңֻ˲䣬ϾͱŮס

Ԫﰡ
˫ᣬеؿ
򣬿ɱסֱҲȥ
⸾ŤͷæҾŵľ棬ѹкŹӰ󣬶ҵʺǹĸҪķţѹݹʷ飬ûĸʺó˶Դܴ谡Ԫ̧֣һ·

ǣָڿӡ

һ֣Ůſϡ

µ֣ȡֵ֮ܺ⣬ʲô˼ñһĺӻᶾ磿˵ܴ裬ѵǱѵĹֻ˵ȥʺûй񣿻ûؾ裿

ҷ·٣ǰһյ϶ߣüһЦΪܴ裿Ҫ׿ڸʹôˣϽ̫ҽʺա




122.  ޢ&ϴ   ϴϴСԴ

122--ޢ&ϴ

ʱʮ, ٴ䡣

ôĵֿЦ

һСڵϺŹӡ
ܾôϡͿغ÷她һ, ˭֪żȻĲʺͻ, һߵ˽գԪ, ǸʹʮŮˡ

Ļҿ, ǳЦ

ҶװͿ, ʺɡ, ޡū澡

żʱ, ҹ˳ʱһˮ衣

ʵͦһ䣬ʮ, Ҹôƽ˳ô
ҲкܶҪҵġ

ʮˣø, ܶĸɷ򱩴Ӷ, ò·ݼҵ, ˭֪һΪ, , ŴαĴѹ, ˰˵ָܷ, ӱᱻ¶֮ޣ

ʮ̫Ϊʺ, ѸǰСࡢ֣ơŴ񡭡ЩŮ˲ս, ͬĴӶ٣ֱȫûУƫңܲޡ

ĻͶԷ˵Щô

Ȼᡣ

ڷϣŻʺͳ׺ǳԴףسֳɩǺǧ𣬶Ů˫ȫɷˡ

һַźŴӣ԰Ѷγ谮ҵԭӣҷԪӣԼ·ݼҵֵ໥ƽ֣

Ů˲׵£ԼĽ㡢ཿŴơ

㵽˾ֻҪܿһ⣬Ǿͻϣ



ǵ˿Ѫ̫ҽ̫ҽ˵£ƺ⼸̫йأﱾִ˺صĻȵ㽵εҩѱӦϣЪϢձãֻǲٶˡ

˵ŷ𣬳ҹ˸ȥϣϲ

󣬶Һδ㶾ͲסǳѾͷץ˳ѪкƤʵҩʱֻǺ˼˸˯

ͷּ̫˵ڸ£ȥƫȣðͬһؼҡ
ּС̫в̾ӣǺĸɶӣǻ鶮£͵͵ͬ˵ѰѴҲȥˣô˳谽ѧҵΡ

ʹӻǸ̾˽ӡ

ҲδȥЩƣͬһ԰ɢ

绹ϾͿʼѻƣŰһꡣ
ȣټϻӣ󼹱ȫǺ԰﷼ڽ̫Һ紵ˬ

÷ֳ崺ǰͷ߸˾Ůȸ߲ңҲࡣ

̧֣ٱŵǶɽ軨ժ£ʱճˣЩ裬Ҳɵ̾˿ڣһĻսɰ

ôˣ
Ħҵĸ첲ʣǼλﲻ̹

м֡
ҡͷһЦЩлﰵڿӣüζǹһ⡣
ҴԼ͹Ĵӣǵȥѣ˭֪񾹻Ҳ˵Щ˫ӵĸ˱ѰиҪΣЩڶеľڸУ˺¡

Ҹæץס֣ĸ첲ֿؿ㣬Ʒأּб£ʱи̣Ϳ࡭

˵ʲô
֣ҵĻĦҵֱЦǸ彫ˣĪҪЩδԼ߶ֶǶģڣ㻹ʲôĵģԺú߶ʱ˳

ڴʱƼ÷ͣ˽Ų

ôˣ
֣üʡ

ߡ
÷ս崺΢ȥ

˵䣬һᶯ

ҳ÷΢΢ҡͷƲǰߡ
͸һ˶ߵĻƼԶĸŮˣΪ׵Ǹʮ߰ˣǱ楣Ĺ澡

һͷһμλ楡
ȻǸѵһˣ촽壬ϸǳɫۺȹͷϴ鷢ΣӸֻж价嶣Ĩ֮ɫ

߿Щ
楷ۼպߴߵ֡ŮԪݻʺܸϣһء

ԥüСλݸߣϥ²иӣлŸأǲĳײ¶մŭ

㶮ʲô
֣ܳ裬ҲҪݾߵؼմء

Ҳǡ
ֵͷЦСˣһϢûУ¸֮࣬Ҳܶء

ĨȻ֮ɫ£̾˿ѽҲָܵʥ裬һᡣͷȱ¡빬Сסգĸ˵ֱӷ𡣡
˵楹˫ֺʮ˰ݣȦһ죬Ŀкᣬʵԭδҡ˭֪һҾͽǣҺȻ̣ңԵǽһ𡣰ⱲܸλҲˡ

極ԽԽԶһС·ţķȥˡ



Һ͹һЦ˭û˵ĬĬǰߡ
ʹԺʲôطοǱǰĺӡ
Ѿģ

˽ᡣ

Ŵĺ޺÷奰ٰյΡͬѾͷ빬Ϊ楡
ǻȻѪƽûܱ極ɡ
÷һӵطεǣȸɡٸ飬ѰҲĥ

ͬѸ˱λݣӣǸΪԴһϽס楣¡

Ҳ֪˵ǴǴ֮Щ

ÿ˶ԼҪѡ·
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š
ЦŵͷŤͷʣǽأ˵ģʵǡƽûк빬

㵹治Ҽ⣬
֣һЦɫ糣
δش⣬ңǰߡ

ת԰еϣƸߣȥʹ֮۵ף¥¾ᾼɽԡ

ƺԽѹԽ͡
Ȼɽ´Ů󼱴ҴҵĽŲ

æͣסŲЩ¿ȥԭϵˡ

ʱɢͷʯСϣסӲᣬߺ޵Ҫȥ游ʣԪУһҫžͽĸѪˣӹĸףֱ̫̫ǸŴ룬ĸװһգ

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˺ˣ˰ùڹ˸ǰᷢ𣬲ͳ

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ϴӻͳѺľӣ̧֣ؽͷ𿪣ŮͷЦأϾȶֽѵԪץˣƫӣҪѵ㣿

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򴽣صصͷʣǵأ

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ЦҲ˵ʺƽ೭𾴵سģм֣Ҳ֪㵱Ǻİաȥϸǰ󳳴֣ǵһ˶ռûϾǻʺʹ㣬֧ʹԪ֣ϼӴᱻ³ġ

ҵû뵽㡣
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֪Т˳ʺ֪
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ͷԿϣֱǵػסϵ裬͵͵˵֮ǰ͸ʸҶ£ҲϲͷЩӣԬ๫ĶӽݼĸףҶͷˣͷԵģȻڵĲˮɺȵģ̫һ⾰һ㣬裬ܲҵÿ춼ܺ˵ˡ

һŹҡЦСҵģѧϲ˼ȫڿƾٹҵϣ׾Ͷˣ˼˻ĹŮˡ˵ˣԬ๫˽ʿǰŲԣĹͷһνЩҲ㲻

ûӡ
ƲƲ죺ɪʹôǰ˵ŮҪһԼϲˣҲϲ

ߡ
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¼Ԭӣ·δй
𲻸ʵ򴽣߷ߵСӣҼ޸ԬӣΪԬ๫ڸ׸谸ʦĸ۸磬Ӳҡ

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ô
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֣бۿңĨ֮Ц

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123.  ά   ö

123--ά

֣ʹ˸ɫ, ʾ˺Щ
ǰһֱп, ͷ¿, Ц𡣡

쳤ƣȻ, һûʲô, Ͼ͵ز, ⸾˲ʱվ, ͷϿ, һһģüͷ΢΢, ҵתɵǼĺǧظϥ, Цϼ

񡣡
֣һѣ΢΢ǰ, üһЦʺˣ

ҩ, ѾЪˡ
ӦԴ, бۿǰ, ЦҪȥ밲, , ı, ͸æ׷԰

°ٻţǹ͵ĺʱ, ҲĴɢɢġ
֣ЦųƼһͯĵ̫Һع͵ַһĵֱеɽߣ룬Ȼһ˵ĵ
ָ֣ͷЦ˵ɲɣ⹬ﾹġšĵ

š֣֣˵ĺء

Ȼڵһ¾ͺˣͷݸǳЦ
ʮ꣬Ȼ֣⻰лæϥͷЦ֣ղǳ˵һĵһĵôô˵ţ

ϣ˵ˣǰɡ
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̫
⻰ϲֱ֣л֣ذ

֣ȻǳЦϣҹ΢أŹһȥɡ

ϴʱ亹˫΢΢ЦóȣǣԸ

ˡ
֣½վֱˣۻҳ죬Ц꽫˸Ͻɡ
˵⻰ûϣתסҵĸ첲ͬҳǰߡ

š
ҡͷЦЦбۿ㻹Ȥһ仰˵ֻñСŹЩøУ

Դ˲ǣ
ҵĸ첲Цǰż΢谶ϣǹƷòû˵ٻ£ĸѫ˻Լ߹жһŮɴСȴʮֿʦ΢黭ؽƸǰԺѧʿСѾͷ徭գǲ廨ƷҲþͨʶżŮͷڳԵúġ

˵֣̾˿ȥ΢Сס밲ϸһƣ룬ָͷʵʵôˣѾͷ˵ڼĥˣȣ˿ڻŧˡͷӣ΢ȥ밲ɱ֣һʱ𣬾ѾͷдơʱҲ΢д˼֣ۣЦ˵ζºȻס΢Ѿͷ߿ߵͷЦѾͷͨ죬ҲƵĴ˳ȥˡºʱ£ιǰ㿴˼СЦЦ˵΢ˡ

˭ѽ
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ҾͲ֪ˡ
֣ȻһЦȤԼʱ°ա



֣͵ǰˡ
ʱѻ£ұǸС̫̾Ӵȥƫ

ƫǰʱ̫һˣϵ̵̺ʵȥģ԰ŸӤҡයСľţȣдСѺЬӡ

Ѿ˯ˣСľ
Ƽһˣһƿ˵ֱסҵСȣֳǱָ~

ѽ
䲻΢΢ϥ¶ӵСԴЦͺǱǲǣǴ͹档
Ҹʹ˸ɫЩСʳҺȸһͬľЬʰޣĽСӹҲˣܴʱѡ

ʱͷٿžڵϣķ

ȸҵ˱ˮţеƫСǱߡ
ؽƿơ

Ķࡣ

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谡

ɵãŤͷ󱳣ʱɵӲԸԷܣͷ׷ٵͷ͹ĴӣԺʲôأܸܲأ

뵽ˣüͷ￴

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͵ʦԬ壬ԬЦųͷʾſ˵ǡ
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֮ɫЦʣأ

룺š͢Ӧɳʹֵط֣һ򾡿ͨӵ򽫰ճ밲ڰȫ֮ء

΢΢ͷûˣĵط롣

⻰ü˼ȻЦڼ䣬Ͻط̼ۣ²ĹԱ𡣡

ʱ󳼽໥СۣͷڳޡԬЦ棬۽üڲסϲԺ֮飬ĸѧӼ䣬ȻһЦ͵͵Ĵָ

Ҳ⺢Щϲ

ԹŶżһֻ۱һֻۣճӹȻ

Ҳֿ󣬶Ӵʱסˣǿι࣬СӼװԽڣ֪ﲻע⣬͵͵µһԶ

˼ҶӶҼСĽһʹʹһܣôð

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һ⣬ǰ

ȥȻһٴοԬ塣
ԬüæѹЦǱµҲöϡ

޷
ѴһӣԬ壺׸Ҳ߯ˣ޲ʣ谶Ҳ϶ϡ

ǡ
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ݸǳЦ΢΢ͷԬవ˿

˭֪ڴʱüͷȻ𣬴еУȭݶֱԣТ嶯ǱԵʰա

ȿȡ
Ԭסصؿ˼

üһɫȻЩ̫ԾȴЦüºͣ˵

ʲôʹ£øˣʵ֮򣬽򸸻̫谮ԪԹ

⻰һȻͰˡ
Ԭ弱ȭͷ߬ԣͷһ仰Ҳ塣
أ
ѾܹҲסˣЦüΣ´бۿ÷奡

÷⣬æѼЦΪδЩԹʵˡڹƵ¶֮Ԫĸĥѣӣǻ˫ӡϧʺӣԪʺʶһֱδ׼ع̫ƽҲԪӴ󰲣عоϻ̴üŮһˮƽˣɵú֣ԪĥѣԸЩ裬Ҳ֮飬ǱһζЩˡ

ҡͷЦЦСŹϣûټˡ
þ²̨Ҳ
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Щյ󣬾ɵЪȥˡ

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ûһеĹǶ˳ȥ֨ѽһͷϣʱֻ

ôˣ
Сʡ

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ѴͳѪӣ򿪣ԭͷų̲һڷ
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æŶ߹ȥСֹʲôưѺӸŵġ
̾˿ѵض̺ϣĦźӵıöӣϽǸ˵Ҳ

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124.     һڣ

124--

б, ĨƦЦôԴˣ

ЦŰû

ᾢ
šҵЦͶܵ΢ĵ, ô, С֡

ǲޡ
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, 檸ŵġ

ҹס°ͣ΢סۣ, ȻһҧסĴ

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ſСӾȻ˼ø첲ȻתסѵĲӣСϵĺۣشһغ壺ԣ۲ۡ

æңЦСӻǵҲӵ¶ء

˵ס죬ؿ۲ллӹġ
쳤첲һֻԶȥ
˻ҵЬҵ˫ţЦˡ

·ߵ̫ࡣ
ƣһЦ

޸ࡣ
ذСȺͽţЦ΢밲һʱǸдơ֪ģŴͬ˽ǳʶЩһֱ΢д֣⺢˵ʮ꣬ϵȴǳɼ¹ݹģ̸֮º֪͡ǸܲѾͷܾ˭ų˻Ȼá

˵ԼĴȣ˷ܵɲͺôƣĹŵӣӶּǷǣйӺݾڵġ꣬оϻŮש޵ʱţС˵ͦ䣬ûް΢Ѿͷˣˡ²ֶߣá󹬡ϲĦ޵⣬ⲻϾ;޶Ѿͷ˼ˡ

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ŮӵĻɲԼǣǣٵɪ΢ˡ

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ˡ

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ѽǰһˡ
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ɱԼ𡣡
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ḧŶӣЦû¶Ѿˡ

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ʹ޵ֻСŽţ׾Сľͷۡ


æ̽ѻѶߣסСƨƨСľͷ
˵ҿѣЦʲôֲƼҵĶ͹Ĵ档

㵹Թˡ
ЦңǴĸܶ

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ԡ
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ײ۵ġ
ұͷᣬůůģЦСľͷԺҪܵܣ֪𣿡

գ޹Ĵ۾૵ľͷĵܵܡ
ȻסҵĶӣ۵˿ڣٴͷңС򣬲档

ԣ
СԴЦôͷӦˡ
˵⻰бۿѣݸƼûⲻǾͽ̻ˣ

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ŤͷԶķЦ˵˶ˣ˰ˣôˣ޵˻ʳ˰ɡ

ȵȵȡ
ȥҳԼ棬ŷЩʳҶˡ

˵粻ǲų뼦˿ô

Ҵ˿ţģæض˵аһ˳ԣһӾͶˣˣȻȵ˿ϽǶòˡ



*

ڹðշҾʹ˼ҡ

ѲδߣⱩϮͶ·ҸͶٸԿκɲִطÿռˮƵ⼸գæŴߣ˵Щʱٻ

ҡҷڳĽֵƿ⿴

˵һε꣬ɽֵʱѾ͸ˣҹԭַǷһгų󣬻͵ڶ࣬;շ׷ײĿ²⳵ĵļ˲õĹˡ

ڣȸͬһ

ӿڳϣҡСȣһ߿ͷֵУһ΢ҹϴѼ֡

빬һ񣬳˰ѻѹʮĶ⣬һѶĵճķǳأǸҲȷ㣬ڸʺ͸ǰҲ¶ӣݵ䣬٩٩̸ڴһʱҲƫС

·̫ԼʱʱԬüӣҵ֮̾ʧ

ʵЩСëҲܿ˷

Щ꣬Լ֤һһ壬һʱֻҪԣ̡ƴġ

żּΪټδ׵Ϊ谵Եʡ

ֲܶ谶Ǹӳ֣ѵĵߣҲΪĸĵûйȥǰӲ

Ӱ˼ΣҲΪܳ裬һƷԪ֣һ˳͵ΣԽʱԽ侲

һܴߵøȣ黢ɷͬʱҲ֪ǻʵۡ

ҵˣôԡҡҡҵӶ֮֡

ͣһͣ

³ڣŶӣȸЦֶˣżй¿յζȥ򼸸

ǡ
ȸЦŵͷ

ߺٴҡڽϡ

Ҵó֧üʣѽãϣƽüϸ˼Ƭ̣ͷдţ

´磺

ɺãϵĺҽΣ
Ŀڶ࣬СҲֻг˵ĻдţϺȡ

С÷Ԫֻ˫ӣʮµӡ
Դϻȣַľ¡
ǲϱ̫ԪʹҶº˭֪ͬʱԪƶְҶϡ

ҾԼ࣬жԼδòϡϼõ±䶯дϳ¡

һӲдִһд

Сԭȥ⣬ϸ̸ȥ֣˭֪ȻУֻܽա

ʱգС빬ߵݻʺ˵˿ڶѪº¡

һ򣬻ʺŮСóɼ˵ӱƣ׻ĸңպݲСõӣСôʱԴ

ʵǿ֮ţСһʱ㯣֪ҵθ

СŴĻǸɲ⣬Сðԭ򣬲ȥ´СðеˡСòһ򣬵ǰ׼

Ǻûлӷ͹򸾸ǰͬٹлҽǳڹүǰ˵ûӦһºӡ

պСýɴཿϸ¥еȷ̣Żཿ硣Ѿͷھһָ֣һĪҪ˲ûˡ

ڳš

֡




125.     

125--

дú, ҰۺãĨ

½󣬽ƿ⿴, һ˾Ů, ǰв͡
빬ʱƼ˺, סֵ֣ò, û, ֻúȥСĥ˾, ӦںǼݳ, úðɡ

ҡͷЦЦؿͷĳҹ
ɫƹ¥, ĺͷʽСñϲֱ۰ϸĻߣ˹, ŵ˵ҧ˵Σ
ʮĸڷµС̯ǰ, ˰, ߳µȹ, ̯ͬۡ



ڴʱ, ƼԶһԷ, ŻŮһ
Ůׯ, ʶ, ϣǸʮˣԲֱ, ͷϴŷ߱ǣòãŶŴ롣

ҵֲ߬סɴȹøЩϸơ
ƵڷֵĽУüͷǧ£֪ʲôĽŲȹӣŴסˣҡͷЦЦĦӵСۣ£º͵ض˵˼仰ڿοͣһС̯ǰѡ˶ҩ̯Ǯϡ

Щ˼СŮ˰ݸǳЦ˼ʱ˴롣

ҵĳ̫ҡ˽Գ߿
ŴҲ⣬üͷɷ˵˼仰ͬʱб۳Ŵ뵹治ɫ΢΢ͷ

·ǷʱƼŴ˫ֱȭس˸񣬶Цϥ˸򰲡

ҰƿŴ룬ӮĴ䣬ʺ󱳺Ӳһΰʺµңıмơһ񣬺˲ҶѰ֣˶׽ȥˡ

Ҳδֳ񣬶ȻһЦָ̧£ʾƽ

ŴٴιֱĸӳԶԶȥֱһЦЯӳ౳ķˡ



ڳϣҹɾͨ͸ˡ
Ҹɱ⣬ŪôҵӺԼᰲġ
һֶô죿մŭôã
ıɱ͢Ʒ󳼣ԪǻĸףֻҪ·ܲɾ
ססƴľ˭˭ģɵӲԼأŴδԶ֣ǽ赶ɱˣѪö¶á

ᰴסӣȻûиõĶԲߣȰĿǰ̥ƽССǵһҪ¡

˿ûЩ£̺ڶϣС
Ժ˸Σμеһڴʯͷɹ̫ȻƼԶһͷͨѩ򣬺ͷ׷ֻۻߵ񻢣񻢺͵

㿪!
ҼôУһʹˡ
Ѻ̥ԭǶСڡܡ
ҡͷЦЦҲ֪ʲô⾰ǰ鶯ͺˡ

ڴʱͣˡ
ͷĦ֮÷ӢͽȻ𣺡ǵۡˣ΢̷

á
Ӧǽ

Ҽѵڸլſڣһ֮ʱ

ȥֻҵլӣǰȫǽһԣſڶ̵ֻʯʨӣ̫綼ŵˡ

ҳǰȥӺͷǼΧͺ
ȻˣԴ̹ٷﱧСǵ§סĲӣգ飬СľͷҪ

ū»ٽ۽ݲؽĹ£òã
Ħıźӣ󲽳һЦūСӵˣøϽعź·¶࣬¹ŽˣЩЪϢա

͹ˡ
΢΢ͷʾȥӹ
˭͸ƵģؼУһںϣСյ÷ƢҪҪ

ԣҪȥˡ
ú塣

߿
СֱرסĲӣСԴںļ֡

ڴʱƼԶ
ûһȸʹˣŸʳУұ߱ŸﻹŸûг¿գСŹϥҼһʳУЦū˺ЩʳзǵĻաҵϲӣիӡҹʡ÷ӣҸ⡭

˺ˡ
ȸĻϲͳڲסǰ룬պҪԣ˵

ȸ죬ƤһЦūҲ¿գڵء

ҡͷЦۼЩػȵĶԼðɡ
˵⻰СľͷµĻӣȻؼ˯ū֤һòã

Ҫ
ίѡ

òã
æЦūƥСԣǣȹСľͷˣ

С
ƶǶָźĲЦ
ȻСָϵŵĺɰգۣ˵ҪǸ

Ҫѽ
æɰ£ݸͬʱʹɫ˵ʱߡ
˭֪СӴ򿪺ɰץһСŹǣݵЦԡ

һ㶣ƨɣЦСӵʲôʱ͵⣿Ȼ׵ĺɰϣַ죬ǰ˲ٻذɡ

ɬһЦСϣȻ˼

ȻĿкᣬǿ綼˵ŹǣЩʣЦūлС⣬ⱲӶֵˡ 

ڴʱֵͷ󼱴ٵ
ܿ죬ҾƼǺĸɶӲ̾ӣ̾ʵֻȺС꣬ĵ׾
֮⣬̾סԾӻͳƸõ׼СܵǸǰȹظںǰ¶ˣ·˺ôĻūϽȥء

ʲôˣ
æüʡ

Ǳ楡
̾ӸҼЦСΧˮйͨūҲ̽˺¡

һ⣬ǵý԰˱楣ķȥˣ֣˰ɡ
ҡͷЦǿߣСӿ֣æԺЦˣȥź°ɣ˳б·ģһжá

ǡ
Ҽһ񣬵ǵؿŲ̾ӻȥˡ

Ҳźͬȸһڹǻظˡ



ڹĵһգЩۣҴԡ£˰̥ҩұ˯ˡ
úܣܾûᷢʲô£ټȣС˶û죬ֵҸ˯ţ𴲣Ը֣ȥСٽȸ¿һ¡

ԭΪװ£Բ˶٣û뵽գۼͷƵس˴롣
һߺ࣬һ㣬ôཿѸϳµŴأڶǶУüдģǱ㺹ʪǰּŪģˡ

䣬Ȼͷҹŵʷ̨

Ľ
һ㶣ô
Ϊ˱ӣһζûϣһ⳼ݼҡ
ѵĽ͹ˣ
Գˣ

ԺĻţº
æȸŮҴ£ʰ޺ú󣬾ʹŹǴҴҳš

ڸ󣬶Ұ߶ˣȽŸףٽԺϡ
˵һʮ˿иŵʱʱŮҹй紵͵֮ĵ׷

ԼĪһӣҾеԺ

Ժ̫ͼ֮ʱãԺҸ̫Ľĸ̴ӡĽŹٷŹñڻſڣüͷⲽƼˣæСŹ¸:

ﴢģߵԪ򰲡

Ľ򡭡
ææ˿𡣡
ȥ޷֣򣬶ԪȻĿڡ
ôôǼгˣ

ʷʹ˸ɫ
һ⣬߽ĸǣغլԺȥɽС

˵䣬ҷź߽ס
̧ȥʷҲ߽ԭأûõҵġ׼δ¡

˿
°Ŭ±ߵķΣʾȸӶ˸ʷ

л
ʷºԽüͷ

ôˣ
Ҳ˲ϺȲ裬ŵֱæʣĽ£

ģһжá
ʷƬ̣ȦŵŮ߰˸̫ǡ

æǶȥֻźǡ

˶ߺʷ裬͹ڣɫ࣬ңҹ¿ͣųʥĲ̾ӹ˵ıСһߡ̹˵빬ʱ·ĸۡ˵̥г̽ӿɺã

һжð
һȻЦˣҵĶӵһ£û£Ѿöϸƹˣһжá
̵ģָŴӣֱ֪ԭл˫ӣϽֱԣ˵ܶк

Ľ⻰ҲǾϲ۽üҵĸڲסæ񣬺ЦϲԾﰡǣˡʧˡ

˿
æЦҾ˵ôϴλʱ󡣡
˼ˣҲ߶Щ͵ؼĽ򷽲˵Ƿ
üͷյ£ôֻˣԲԣСˡ
ԽԽɻ󣺡԰С⳼⣿û

ֹ˳
ʷΣŹʱƼ̲÷˵ĳݣǰͷҲиأƺߡ

ô¡
ĲԽԽأ極Ļƺ֪ԼܻСôĪСˡ


ʷҵĳ˼¼Ƚг˵Щ£Ƿ˴£

ûа
ҡҡͷüߵݻʺһжͷһ׮û٣ﵱʱм¼עŮˣ˭뾾ҵĴ
ְ·ʹ̫Ѩæ˵£Ҳϵĸףһܣѹͷһ飬ɺͷҲδ˵ܰ죬С°ˡ

ŷ·ûʲô
ʷڻⲽȻͣ£Ťͷңʣϸ룬ʲô뱦йصġ

ϸ˼Ƭ̣ߵʱ򣬻ʺģ˿Ѫ̫ҽϣ˵ǡͷͬ԰ɢɿ楴ŹʺߣǸ߶߶˵ʲôµĶ衢Ҳܻᣬֻλ

Һ˿ڲ裬ŵͷͬҲûϹۻʹ֮ͷƼʺļɩ׷ᵽ楣˵ֵ룬ǵûʺ󲻵ð

š
ʷͷٴڻⲽüͷš˸񣬺Ȼʣ֮ǰи˵йػʺ£롣

ڤ˼룺Ԫ̥ȣ̫ʺ󣬿ɱЦ˵ǼɣһξһΡ

һ⣬˴𰸡

ʷסͷԭأãȻǰһüı󶯵ˣ²ԣȽг밲
˵ʷתķ򹧹һ񣬳ˡ

ô˵
Ӳǰ㣬Ľŵֱ

ʷתҹܲҪˣҹҪغŻ

˵⻰ʷֱֱؿңüͷš˸˵֣Ϻ





126.  º   Ҳ

126--º

Ľ˵˼仰, ʹҴ뿪ˡ

ҷص巿ǰþòƽϺô죿ôû͸¶һǰ, 빬ݼʺ, ֮ȥ̽䡣

˵, »ǳڱϣö˶˵, ôͻȻС

ʱ, һ, һ

ץס, ̨ߵɴǰƿ⿴, ֵҹŮҹ֣𣬽ԺеҶ, ÷ϰաһʺӻը쳹, ٿ

ҵҲŵ֮һ, еĶС౻紵

ʱ, ҹֲڴ, æСŹ, ʣˣҪˮӲʣ

¡
ҽյڴ̨, ü, ǴȥһǺ£ͱ

˵⻰, ҽӺסƵطصǰ
ʵǷҴӽȡǰǾֳҩʦԸ¾ֲһֽЩ³ġ
˼к󣬾дˣֽ³ܾܲҽڹ˿óƽϡ

ͷһϵ亹Ⱥ綼Ū΢ּЩˡ

Ҵ㽫سһ飬͵زڱ仯
ƩŴ룬һҪϳ°ҵôƩ谣һҪô
ͷžŴϣҽӵȼӽͭսëζʱŪҶĵĲС

ڴʱС˶ƵЩۣѹٺЩ£æˣȥԺסĽ̫ҽ
ûһ̫ҽ͹˵£һ̥ҩãٵЩۣǧɲ˼ȣܰҹˡ

̫ҽһǷĲ£ȥŸٰơ

ԼĪһʱ󣬹˵żҵλ̫ҽҹˣڻδ

ִˣ
һ楣ͷϸӳ֣
Ϻżһ᲻ṷǽĸӳȥˮ
ҸӦԣ

˭ֻ֪Ҫһ룬Ӿۡ
Ϊ˸ӵƽҲٺĥͷĹϣĪĪ£ҪҧңǰͷĽﴢĺǰ÷奶ţοء

Ҿ˼֮£˯

Ҳģһμʮʱһ壬һμż⵶ҵĶӣؽţ˵ҪҶӵͷ˭֪һվӣҵ˱楡

ôҵ˭
Ǵ

˫Ⱥݵ£ˣʶȥӣԸ߸СҲúܣڡ
ŤͷȥѾɴҳģ
Ѿ˺üֺ͹澣ڵĲˮˣæźϴ¡

ѵ˯
ȸһ£ȵİˮ֭ӰҲ󱳺͸첲ͬ澰ĨƵӣЦ綼ˣֻƽء

Ŷ
һϳѽ
ϸ˼Ƭ̣ȸһϹȥдʲô춯

ǵûС
ȸüū˵һ죬Ǹۡ뱱˾ͦҹǶĻһҹģ·ʲô·

С
Ҵ󲽳ױ̨ȥߴٹǰͷױǸϽԺĻš

˿࣬ӣȥ
ûҹǰ󣬿ǳ꣬ŵºü졣
󣬳ǰһϴʱķϣԱߵСϰŲҩ䣬˼ƣ̬ͱС
˽ŲæۣҽˣҼ

򰲡

񡣡
˰ѣû£ֻһŵùĸź
Ҳûֱʹ£Ըϵյ裬ݹȥЦϲ̫ƣ˭˸գ˵Ӷ˶ˡ

ǰ
ЦЦ˿Ȳ裬ȸֽ˿ҵϣָҵϣü˻ЦֻЩʢ£Ҳسҩ
˵Ťͷǰŵ֣ʳԵ±ǣϲʳ⣬ղˣ֮Ҳʳ

Ҷϣ͵͵ȸʹ˸ɫ

ȸ⣬ǰڶϸǰСϣЦǳģɿֺÿ˻ϳЩ
ţȸڸʱʣүӣ˵˴£ǱСˣ

ϵͷһһ°ͣ˼ڣЦ뿪󣬱楾ȥʺ밲

밲֣Ͽ˵Щأ˫΢΢סֽϵĸ۵ŵʱʺģ˿ѪҪȥұ˵Ͻ׷˳ȥʱ極밲ʱּ̡ʺ󱾾ģƱ極졣
Ҳȳˣ˵ᣬ˭Ҷ
ʺЦ˵̫ҽҲڹ̫ҽǸйѳУǾһȡ
󣬸ʺƲ̫ҽС˵Сδϲ
ʺﵱˣ楰ڵϣݺݵشһٰӣ˭֪ڵҹ㹬ıС˺죬ȥ˱¡

ҴҲܲ³ˡ
楶Ѹǰߣ˵Լٰ߻ʺУ˭֪ʺǴ̥С

Ӳչȥ֣üͷʣλˣλ̫ҽ˵ûô

ЦЦһڸ꣬ӷԼ֣б۳ҿʾ̫ҽԺЩСǣҽҲеġⲻҹϳ빬С룬ҩͷֽλ̫ҽַ極ĵȷȷлеļ󣬿ϧС̷˴죬ԪˣⱲӶˡ

һ⡣
λ̫ҽϵģδǼ١ֻǶֶ˵ãҩһкۼҲпܵġ

æʣأʺ

ģ˹ȥϳĳӶڲࡣ
˫ͱͲ۾ŵ̺ϵĵĵɼͷʹѣ˳£ҹƷϴµδԻʺãֻصغǳ˼䣬ø˾ŮݽΧ

ʱףһ

ץסӷ֣վڻⲽ
ʵ·˽ģģģʱӲţֻСѲǰ˸˾ĸеŪ¹ۡ㡱ҹس빬Ľһ

ŶнࡢмƻСֻǸӰɡ

أҹؼʱڼŴ򸾡

Ͽȥ棬Ŵ뵹Ƚ糣

תĶϣЦʣⱲӶڹźؿ˺¶ض࣬š֪ŴˣڽżȻˣŵĶŵúܡ

ϳƬ̣˿ڲ裬̾Ǹ˽ģΪٵҲжšϡǵʮǰȵڹӼѡЩ֮ιӣʥԡʫСŴԭ֮ʸݣҲСŴǳͯʫţڴϥ½˶̸ֹ꣬ͬҵӲ˶٣⿪ҲС

ϡỨȭ߷˸̾ȵ۵׳ģӢ죬ˮϣȵЦоСŴˣεͷȵ۶ͣڲ̷ΧʱݴкȻܳߣֱȵŷȥСŴƼʲôû룬ֱø첲ȥֵʱͱҧûԲѡҶϳԣʩȣСŴһ
ºȵƵƵȥСŴ̽ϳһ̫ҽϤϣСŴ˵ĸ첲ֱԡ£غ֮ҲΪȼйܸϺŮ£˺Яټ֮ƷأСĽҲƣһ˴֮λ

˶̸ⷬҲȻ
ʮǰŴҲͣȼ֮£ΪɺϣѾܿˣ޴ˣҲò̾ȷǸġ

ڴʱͷŲ
ǰȥɡſڣϥҼ񣬳ʷ̨ˣŹٷū˾䣬˵ֱҪô


ü룬æԸ˻δ÷ȥó˶Щʳ͹ȥ



˵䣬Ҿȸȥ׼Σ˳˼ɴ˰̥ҩ󣬾ŽԺȥˡ

ʱţεδڽζķ
ĽȻܵǵѵ׼͸¶ЩϢ

ΣܷϺô

㷲ڽУ˼ڣԼƽ

ûһξͣԺţǴӣɡǱȥ
»ߵеſڣƼĽʱƤСԲϣǰĴһӵʳԴҹٷЩڣϵŨ

ƼҽˣĽæ꣬

񡣡
һѣЦ߽ȥ
գǱ߳Ա˵

ǡ
Ľź˼ھ࣬üʣӿɺã

öãϺڣЩۣ
Цź˼䣬ʵŶѾˣ˵˼ҹ㹬£Ӳɡ

ȿȡ
ʷʹ˸ɫ

һ⣬æòɵ˳ȥ
ȸҶѸףʣģ

š
ʷüͷͷ
ʱˮڷŶͷһ·»ͳӣ£üСһߣ̫ǣɼȻ˹ȥҹټƷϵĴ󳼽̼˳㽻½յĳҹ֮±Ͼ漰ʺ󣬱˾δá

ôã
ҽ˾䡣
꣬־Իʺ֪飬ѳϣ⼸͹ˡ
Σǲͬˡ

ʷĨ⣬ȭ幬͢ķһ񣬳ﴢðԣй޵£Ӧϡ

һ𣬹Ȼ
ĽʻȻ⣬Ľڳǰڡ

Ȼأ
ֽץס֣ʡ

ʷǳЦü̲÷ڳ֮ԣǰǰĻ̥Уձ楶̥ŷز۲ҰδйѲ˸ϵӦ²֤

סһһڵغࡣ
죬ҺѶŪʱҲп˵˭ģ֪ŻΪ谶棬ݲƽϣὫ°°ɡ
̼ǵѵʱҵıӣЦǻ˼谶˵޻Ὣ°£ǵãʰģ޻ʰ



Ѿʼʰô

ҽ£Ӳ´ķۣҲ˵һ䣬·̫ͻȻһ׶ûУŪ˽ġˣͲȥߵˣҸ˸ͷ


ʷЦüһΪǱʱģ

ѵǣ
ƲƲ졣
ʵֻ̫ɢʱʵڸϣҪ˰һ¡

ʷҡͷһЦº͵Щϣ˵ʱദˣŸͷͷѣûֵ˵֮ԡⲻ֪Ҫһ£ö겿𣬳к󹬣ȱһɡ
˵ʷ壬Ҳǳ֮µӢţɲⰡ

ô˵
æʣݸ
ĽѣҾñȿԼеˡ

ʷʾȸŹϡ
óöСߣüʮ꣬Ҳ֮꣬µʱ̫ӣŴɽ𻢣ʾǺǡ

˵ʷ̶⣬СԱߣͬʮ£·ͨΪָʹٹߣʱź뽫Ů޸лӷ硣ףεԬսʤݴʷԬعһߣΧνͳһѡͲţھ

ҵͷʾȸȥĽ򵹱

ʱĽмгֻСձ̶Աߣ;֮ɫŨˣЦƽԪ֮ƽµǻָɽӡȰũ⸳۵Ⱦ飬ӮóҰ͡ƽԪ£楲ɥΪɪѣΪź裬Ϊᡣʮһ£С빬ܳ谮ʮ¿ֻǴһˣ³˴ӿƣһѡȡͲţлպμӿƿ

ʷٴеķȭÿӴӵмгܲڸǰ٩٩̸ƽ£Ⱥʷ̨ʮʷרżȫŮɵĸ˾
ʮʷزɰǣŴ̰ī£׸--Īݴʷ̰˰˺Īɱŵطһְ֮սҦϡ

ʷ͢羴ؼɨ۱ĸʳңüһЦ̾γɸµʯʫƣһůաǧ򻧕ӕգܰһɷʵⳡ꣬綼ʼѽ




127.  ׽   ֻǸʼ

127--׽

Ľ˼ڷ, ʹҴˡ

˵Ҫ˼ңϴʰһ˼, øǰ빬, еæءߵʱĽٰ, ˵˷һһҵ˽£ǡǾӭ¡֮ٶ, Ұ̥, Եʲô, аš

˵, ĽȥׯӲȥˣȥ󼴿˽ĽѰ, Щ죬ý͹Сסơ

Ľߺ, ﷳȸغ, ɢһ, Ȼʮֹ, ǰӡʳк, ʱ, Щҳ, 벽뿪

峿ʱСЩ

εδں, һȦȦСС˺ɻʱĺ, żһֻԾ𣬵߷۰׻꣬ǵŮֻЦ

վںߣ飬ι㡣

ϵ£Ҳ̫ѽҪıȵðѳһЩӹΪ׵ȥ

Ľ˵Ǹı󶯵ˣԼûңҲԸżҡʵҵͦõģںʵʱߵߣһЩ£һЩˣһƣʱůĻ

ϵ󣬽ž͵̺
ҲΪڳѡѫ֮ŮΪ̺󣬶Һ֣ˡ

ԷƱȱȣ֣Ϊ̺ĿܸЩ

߰Ƶİʮꣻ
͵£Щ겢δ˵ı֮ٶ
й֮վϵŴѡȺأ
ıֳȣѰճһգſڣס

أ
˵δޣɵʱ΢֣뿪ʮ꣬ɹһףصҲֻѡ

ţڶ̶̰ΪԪˡΪԪǣΪԪƫ裬δزΪ֣Ϊ̺ǰҡ


ֲǱ軹ͣʵýָͷ뵽

ɡôе㲻ء
ܽΣһԼķ΢ȡһ£ô󼴱㻨֣ңҲΪԼûڡ

뵽ˣŤͷȸŴӣЦȥϻرʹ͵ѩЩôĶȥˣҲģҸССǶ
˵⻰ǳЦźҶϾӨ¶飬˳Ҳ¡



ʵӤĶǶֽܺϻͼڲϱȶŲë۽ȥһȦͺˡ
ҲûͷʲôģкôڵģֻںǶú˸½̶֣Ƕú˸⡱֣ˡ

һ߻Щúܡ
ù緹ҾͻЪȥˣӷºҲڴϣ߰ŵЦˣſڷЦ

䵽͢εľšŭ

ŮѾ֧ߣڹǹµ飬ҲѸıѵľĸֳʱӦĴߣյ׼ˣϱ顭ô

Ʒسǻһ±̬Ϻ

ЦЦţҺȻͿˡ
ӣڷͷʧ
ұװҹ˴ȥԸˣҪһݣԶԶӵ߽ũ·ϣұżҼū衢Ѻ͹Ķ裬÷奣ɽˡԹ࡭

ôһڣôܹӲдҾȻŰ

棬˯ˡ

ٴģģ䣬ƼŸˣһĽ㡣
Ľ㴩ǳɫӣϴ֧ʩ죬ˣֻϴЩ·ķ糾֮ɫ

㡣
˯̫ˣͷЩΡ

ˡ
ĽӺ߽ҷҿϡ

ʲôʱģ
Цʡ

һˡ
ĽӴߵİ˱ˮҵݵҽǵϣĦҵĸ첲Ц˸Ҵ˿ţҸϽسСסա˭֪˳ſڣ룬Ҳ֪ʲôҪ£ŴԿˣسǵĽʿ׺պյģκ˳롣һ˳˭֪иСֱҼҵǲʷĳݣæ˵ǡСɫɻЩͬ˵ͷֻʷݽɡ

Ľȸӹ𴩣Ц˳ҷֽ쳣ʱʱ̲ˡϣͼƵģ㷢ʲô£Żظ˭֪ڡⲻҸϽʰ˳

˵Ľ΢죬ﺬĨɣսЩʵ͵͵ȸ䣬˵ҪϺ󣿡

š
ЦŵͷˮJ֣ĽüһЦ붨ˣǾϢǡ

á
Ľӽ̤ϰҽЬȻԼţæ򵽴ߣЦһ㣬Ҹ˵ʲôˡ檸øдǡ

ϡ
ҸæĽ㣬£ǵסı䣬ͷϣЦûˣ׽ûô񡣡
˿Žϵĵ㣬֪ܵЩķѰ˻нڸǰģʲôˡ

ûȸЦ
Ľشҵĸ첲Цӵˣ

ţ
æǰŵǿȥḧŴӣԭԺͽ˵˫ӵ£ϲ˭ô죬ǰͷˣȸСӣߣҶҪһ겻ԾƲС

ȸš˸ֽݹŤͷЦƣԼԲþƣͼǳԣѰͷء

⻰һӶЦˡ

ǽ˵䣬ֻͷŲСŽϥҵ˸򰲣üʷҵĴ̫̫Ŷϱһ֡СβˣǸϵİڽͷǸﲻɲģ˵ʷڣӾᣬϸ֦˽ȥˣأܲӣūֱǿǸ

ҷźֱӣ񸾣ŹĽ㡣
ͷĽڣҲȥѵǣֵȥ̫̫ȥֻ˵̽ѣʲôѴ̫̫ǳýУעԼݡ
˵üϸ룬Щ棬ȰȥУǻߣ˵ʷӹɴԸ͡

ҵķԸ˳ȥˡ

ҽĺڷԺ󣬿Ľ㣬ЦʣôҴ̫̫ϴε£һֱѰ鷳

Ľѿ֮ɫŨ˿ڣЦԪ棬ǺңѧŹܼ£ϸðӰ˶ӵģұԸ⣬ŸǰûΪǲٲҪѧһѧһҶִģʵ̫̫ǵƼҴȨ
ⲻ͵˴̫̫ϱͷͬ£񾹿ʼ̰͵ģ˵ͣôܻ϶ϱģҲͬҪãȰ˼̫̫²˵ģ˭֪ĸݺѵ˷ÿ첻ͽվءȺ϶ҲţߥѪףҶڼлģǳˣ˴̫̫Ͷϱһų衣
ҽУסһѱɽǹ㣬Ҵҳţû뵽͵͵١㷽ŴõúܶԣҳֻôϽվǰ棬ûҪŴͿ潸ӡ

š
ҿĽϣݸǳЦƼ߷ŵһǶæҸСǶˣҲˡ

ˡ
ĽЦϻʱѣȫµģûءأ߻۾ֺ񣬵ôء

ǽҡһЦ

ǽ˵䣬ֻͷִ󼱴ҴҵĽŲ
ǰȥųȥܽϥһӲͷϵˮüλ˺ò˵Ѳؼ.ҪѲ顣Ǽ˴ˣ̫̫ˣҪȥ٣øõĲ۹ˡūǳµģﻰʵͽʮȫԺˣҪҪū˽£

æпչլ˵¡
ҷ·٣һЦѴ̫̫ӭ


Ľæץסҵĸ첲ɱΪȥ㣬ȥա

û¡
Ľ֣Цʮ꣬Ҳõͷˣģзִġ

˵䣬ҾùǹҸױ
ϴúҷĽĸ첲س˷š

ʱѾ磬꣬ԵЩڣϵĵǰˣԺվŮ̫ࡢǡ

ûһҾƼŮѺ˽Ժ

Ϊ׵Ǹʮĸˣ΢֣ŻĶԽӣͷϴŽΣ˸͸ĸˣʮ£ҵĶϱüĿ㣬ֻױŪԵǱúܡ

Ҵ̫̫ᷳĽһԺӣ»ȦĿϣ΢΢üδЦⴹ̫ǣ̵˵ͷˣⲻ֤ݣļҺڴԺլôˡ

˵̫̫׶վֱӣ޵صĽ㣬̵死Ҳز˵ʲô̽ѵĺˣǼгٴ֣ҼȥүǾͿã϶˾

̫̫˵ʲôˣΧվŵĶǾĹʲô򡣡
ĽǰһѹƢϥһü˵һ䣬Ҹ死ûκζԲү£үģ̫̫ȥգˡ


̫̫һЦҡͷ浱ۻ軨ˣڹĵطǰӣ컯յģһ˾Ȼ.ңû˵үģôûͬҽȥҾ;òԾҺشؼ̥֪ȻⴳЩν˺ӣҺһٴĥ裬ү.Ļң˰㣬ҵɺϣȻײ˸šĳŻѣô͵͵شӼߣôͬȥ򣿿ɼй

ʱһϱ͵͵´̫̫ӣĸףϱòԾǼ˵ЩŮ̴ӣϴѺͱ˾ۡҪȥգָô˵ء

ûõĶ
̫̫˰ϱ׺պյسǰߣ˭֪ͱŮ崺¡
ʲô
̫̫˫ԲɣŮǺȵôĵӣѾΥƴ£񻹸˽ص֪Ҽү˭ôƷʷˣһȥ󣬶Ὣⰵʵȫү

˵̫̫ҿЦλ˭òģףѲҼүҵңðҾ֪ۻ¡

˵Χŵ̫Ƿ׷׺ȵסڣԪ£

ѵ¡
ḧŶӣ̫̫΢΢ͷЦ񣬸Ͻ̫̫ٷ˴ɡ

Ԫ
̫̫ɫ΢䣬Ĩ֮ɫܿͻָƽңЦԪסȪйôֵطҼҵӣɼѡð⸾˾ðѵҪˣ

ʱ̫̫ŵϱǰһһס̫̫ǸĸˣסСȰĸףǻ˰ɣ͸Ҷϱ˵ԪջسߵйʺݻǸſϱ˵Ԫոߡһλ˵Ĵʵڲͨʽˣǻȥգǹ檣һӣȥ϶ÿ

𿪡
̫̫˰ϱǳ⣺ǰͺҪã˽¹֪˵Щʲôûͷĸôզ䣬ˣͻȥҸǰݲֲТĶҵҪЩ͵ˡͦŴӽŵ澾Ǹʲôӣ

˭֪ǰ˼Ů䣬Ƶ¡
ðǻ˽̣
̫̫ҧгݵؿ޺ţָĽ棬ǰ㻹ǹŮʱͰٰ㹴ǸܵˣùıһñŶӽҼţòҪΪ˹̳裬ָү͵͵ŪһүĹⲻ֪.ܻ!

ʵŤͷһĽ۾綼ˡ

ĽӼûסǰȵסգδѾﵽǮžҪҴߡܵңʮ裿

㡭
ȻῴĽ㡣

ڴʱһҵĽŲ
ҳǰȥŸʳУ̫ӽǱ߽ˡ

첽СǰȫӴ̫̫ˣЦūԪﰲ


΢̧֣û͵͵ʹ˸ɫ

ǹﵱ˶ʮ˾⡣
ѳɡ̫ƿתؿ̫̫´ȦǸϱˣüۼҵ˭ôԭˡϽϣ㲻Լţܵʲô


̫̫綼û˷ǰʢˣȥҲڹʺ밲ҲǼġ

̫̫ͷľȻתңͨһڵأֱԼ⣺۲ʶ̩ɽ

ЦûȻŪ⸾ˡ
סӣϵؽʹغ죬Ҵ̫̫澰潣öۣϽ̫ҽ

Ǵ̫̫⻰۾˲ɵͭһ㣬﷢ιȥ

ҰεԺеĸˣҡͷһЦû뵽ǸɫĶ

пĽϣĮ󣬱˳ǣڴ˴Сסգû뵽˷롣̫̫֪ݵ²Ŷðͣ꣬ǰ̧ȥϣϽ̫ҽƣĪҪˡ

˵ҿԺйŵϱץסĽ֣Ϊϱȴ֪Ȱĸɼأ䣬רȥΪûƼſڣҲ֪˭Ķӣȭߣ޹أԺŷʡ

˵⻰ҷĽĸ첲Ƶؽݡ
ȥĽӲᣬʵллҳ

ʲôġ
۵ؿĽ㣬ЦǸϵĽѵãСĻܳͽһģ⼸ҲػظˣͬסգøǺ̽Ϊ˴ĹأܻȥͿģٲ㡣

ǽ˵䣬ˡ
ЦŸҼҿ˷ƺѰʲôˡ

ڸ˯ƻûء
Ц

ǡ
΢Цʳ£ЦǱԸūϽͳ˵ˣǱµȴȵء

ҿҪ롣
һЦ̵ģΪҪĹͷҡ
أ䣬һ֣޹ؽҪĹ£ǰ̽Щʣˣ

һЦϺگѾȥˣй޵£ΪˣƾӴ⹬ϼӿܡ

λ
üʡ

ζһЦ˾ѾŲ˵ļɩϾߣϸϸ飬ֻǸʼء




128.     ȪǣҼ˼ѩ

128--&쳾

ϣ
ҵʱס, ȻϴӹڽƼŴ򸾡
ݣѾ, ŵòˤ, ŴȷȵȻúܡ

ߵ䣬ǿɩ൱, ˵Ƕƣ⸾ҲǸļƵ, , ԶԶȲѡ

Ѳ, һ־ʹߴ硣
ר칬ɡĸ˾, ʺֻǸžʹʺܵ˸ǰ, һ¾Ŵ룬ֱὫ谭ȫɨ塣

ʵ, ǻʰģǵ֮ҡڲ͵, ǰѳ



, Ҳ֪Ͻ˸˾, ³Щʲô
ҵô, ֪, ǸԪı, , Ǳ˭ںɻصġ

ȸеʳнӹЦͷҲǹ, µ쾹յȲ߰ɡ

л
΢΢ףĨȥϵˮݸ¶࣬ūʳº󣬻ûź¡

ǾͲˡ
ŤͷһԵ֣ȥѣ顣

ɱɱ𡣡
֣ЦūɲҼϴӦҪƥСʵæ¡ǧСúŪɼء
ͷūʱһػĸộūͶǹԹԳԣ»ؾ͸̴ľ̵ġ̤ࡱСϲ·ˣ͸˵س̡
ͷū¶źºƫչ룬ؿޣô嶼£֮һ̶ԡŸСίͰ͵ؿūūȻéٿɲ˸ĳŵò̾˾Ʒŵ̳ƥľJϣŸˡ
ǵ»ذգūһƥ˳СԣǣټҲ١

ֲء
ҡͷЦԸǰվŵĽǵֲС챧ƥ̴ľС֣ԭôι¡
˵﹬ǣ˾ôϺģŴ˾ûΪʺ飿ûô

ˡ
˦·üһҹƷϵسʻѹûСŴˣ˾Ԭû̬߽Խʷ̨֮󣬽ԷϺ
ڹҪϺϢŸȥ׼ҵ¾˽糯һЩ²ԱΪʺ˵˭ִ֪̿ͣȫǰѲŻգ±ϢذȥˡӽðһգⲻϺگ鷢ȥʱ򣬺ȻεͻعˣƻŸȣԲء

ǸТ˳ӡ
̾˿

˭֪ʱЦ̫Ҳŵط꣬ǾվЩʡòһ࣬ûЬӡ

һ⣬˲Ȼ

Ϊӣ϶ҪĸģҼһޣ֪أο谡
⺢ȷʵǰ̹ˣεԣյҲմһǰ㡣
뵱Ҳǰٰ飬ɵʱ֣ƼĹƳ棬ǳڻؾǺӵСִӪĸףɾײմŭǿлۼȥ

˵ģ²ֻǿ˸ͷԷϺβ

ûȥźߵ崲ߣｫһСǶóͷװЩƬ˿ɺɰַԸȸȥǰЩյĺɻ¶ˮȡһ޳Ϥ

бСϰڵĴʳУѵ죬򴽶ԺЦ°Ͱ͵شݺһԵҲ̫˼ָһݡĿʱȡЩſܱЩѰҪǿЩ

ʮʱҾ͹һֻ

ɰЦū͸ˣҪԼӣû¶³ȥϸ̦



ߺƵǰʳд򿪡
ͷ㣬һʮ޵ĺĵϻˮ飬֮ӿ鲻ɵó죻
ڶ״ѣ˺ֱֽдˡ½⡱ҲЦ⹷Ǳ˼

ʱֱŰĹˣ˵Ӹճ̣Ʋ̫ˡ
Ľغᱧӣ߹ҸǰײңЦ˰ɣ´ã˶Ľ

С
ֱᴥ΢̵գż⣬ȥĽ㻳ĹǸüĿĺӣƤףͷˣǰͷһ飬۾ңȻЦˡ

ϣЦأ豧
ҴĽ㻳ӹӣСԲϣӣĽЦϻЩüۼˣ㣬ˣأͬһôô

Ƕȥ˰ա
ĽҸǰʱʱӴߵˮ

ôùء
ݸǳЦóЩ˿ٴɰûǴվ͵ˣʮ˰ɡ

š
Ľǽ˵պԹԱĿϸĹٶҲ֪ʱؽҲǸܳԿֵģǰд˽괺ǵĲۣѧʿˣ˵

ǽ˵䣬˴ͷˡ

ƺ˯ѣ̫ˣ۵Ĳмѹۣһֱİ̴ľСľһץסʳָƼұŹ˦ҡҡλεСܽɷ˵ؾСľ򹧸ץס٣ʹק

߿߿

Ű꣬ԵסСӴ۵һͿˡ

æĽ㣬һѽקǰ֣ȻСͷϵѪۣûô򣬰ѵ⣺ܵôСܴô
˵⻰ҹŭתȥ
ˣվ֮䣬ߺץӣҿغСľͷףϵܵܵģᡣ

ϡ
Ľҡź幧ЦСҲ߯Եˣ˶һ㡣

תӣץסļͷֱؽ̣ǸҲǵܵܣܴġ˲ǵܵܵİ¾㣬ҪԵܵܺã֪ôҪôɷ˵شˣ׾Ҳ㡣

дתƶǶصͷתİСľӵĽűߣ˵һסҵĶӣСԴҵϣίСܵܣľͷҪס

͵ЦŭţԺ󻹴򲻴ܵˣ

ˡ
Ѿ˿ǻ

֪ܸģ׵ĺúӡ
ȥᣬ§ڻĽЦǸ̴ľСƵģһ̶֣϶Ҫ§˯žö㣬ڸϴء

鶯ĺġ
Ľ㱧ŹЦܵ˵Ҳǹģû

ڴʱͷϥҺĽֱ˸бͷЦ︮λ̫̫Ѿˣ̫ҽ˵ǲ޴󰭣ǻƼﶯ̥źˣһӡŹ˵飬ǰԲģ˵ʲô빬Ų˰ҪͰүΥ棬ֻ鷳

Цǽƣǰû˵Ļ̫̫ɣʵ˿

˵û¶Ҳƽʲôġ
һ˻֣ᷳóԺúȵشţշԺúùţիϣܿʹЩˣĪѰ˶̼

ߺбۿĽ㡣
ĽʱСԲϣŶӣ۾ģͷһֱţһЦЦ˰

߷һ̫̫֮ԴĽ㣬ں߳ţԼңеŮ
͵̫ˣĽ㣬ԺҲû̧ͷˡ

㣬ûң
۵ȭͷɵսеϻȥ徲Ѱ£˵һ㣬ݲ£ŷҪŸġ˵Ļ㡢Ǳǿ˵ġ
˵˵ţõᣬֱԪˣҲҳģʲô뿪ɣѰټޣԼǿǻ

㿴㣬˵ӻ
ĽĦŹĸ첲Ц˺ˡº¡˺µ÷ֿЩﵽ״ԺܺãɼҵȢӣڵҲ㱣ȫңǶǲܷŤͷߣжĥɱ¿˵Դ̫̫ĴúܶԣǰһߣպߣԲҲֻһ

㰡
ҴĽĻᱼӿֱ㶵ضòľĽ㣬ʲѣ㡢Ͳô

ѽ
ĽݸһЦҪһֱŲţҪҪˣѲռԹ㣬ôҪҪβ֪Լ΢ʱͲˣͬãĸԸظ£ﶼ̹
˵Ľ㳤˿ĦҵȣЦѽʵĺĽ㣬㵽ܸ꣬ʱЦѹʱޣйӾҲˣˣŹ׺Ҿĸˡ

˭˵ˡ
泯ȥŲţƨɺͷһѹӸء


ĽһЦȤ˭֪ȥҲһ߰£ء

Ľ㣬ǻǶﲻɲģ˵˵ڹʱͬˣҲŲţ޲˺Ƕ񸾵ĳ죬ûأӣʮСĽ̷ôôݲ㡣

˵ص̾˿̼ǵõͬҶүףǰټǺҪõģǸºˣÿظĸǼͣǴʱǹʱЩ¹ӣСʱƤ͵ڷβʯӶҲ⣬ЦǺǾ͹ˡʲôţҾˡ

ǡ
ĽɣЦǸġ

ԼˣĽ´Ц㷽ң̫̫ΪһֱݲңȷʵԵʵġ
үϼҸĸТǰһԡҴţһգﴢͣ븸ڻ԰̸ɢȥĸ͵ģҵʱ뿪ˣûһ֧ˡ
ؼҺ󣬰ӵ˱Ħ̾ҹ£ɲô̫̫ˡٺҳңкҴؼң̫̫һ۾ϳͷϴ֧﷿֧һԶ㵱һڹʱﰵйҡ

ԭôԵʡ
Ĩȥᣬʵүںδû

ǰûˡ
Ľﺬᣬû£ճյضϵĹƣãЦ֪ҵ䣬ңͬŰҪȥûͬ⡣ģⱲûףҲû֣︮סڳͷ˲˶ң˵ԼʱղˣҡôȥˣҲȻˣȥģݳһѹͷ
Ҳ֪˵ʲôҲû˵˭˵ô㶵һյʱ䣬ſţǺȻЦˡ
һȥˣûգˣȥȥ˵ȥͲˣұ㲻ȥˡ
԰Ƕø˵ʲôûţͷǶ

档
ҿĽ㣬δޣֻĸˡ

ʱĽҡŶӣ̧ͷЦң˵û±ӣ

Ȼ⴫춯ƺǴţֽ

̫ˣūС˪Ұɡô죬ϸˡ

ҺĽ㻥һۣͷ

źƿƣȻðܣûһʧҹ
Ťͷſڵ֣ʣʲôʱģ

˺һˣ˵Ǹ͸㡣
ֶϵƬʰ𣬰

⺢ȥĶˣ
ﲻⵣǣüȥѰ̫̫Ļ˰ɡ

Ļ
΢ϥҼһЦŸū˵컹磬ȥǸǵ¥»顣

⻰ŤͷĽ㣬Ȼ
Ľ赭д˵£ӣ׻ûܼүһ棬һӵź

̾˿㣬ҲѹͶˡ

Ѿˡ
ĽָᣬЦҶ˵һĽҴ̧︮ߡ




129.      ԧ

129£

Ľº, Ҿþòƽ

ȪǣҼ˼ѩͷ
ԭϣ׻֮˵ġʮȥ, үЦò, ֻϡǵôˣĽȴѿڶ֡

, ǵүĸȥ꣬Ӧûװ, ߼, ޵Ů, ĽүǺº͵, 뷽跨ӪҺһ, ɪ

һ룬ǵүѰ︮ﴢҲǶݵسĽò, ˣԸ֡
Ǹ߼ܺ, ܼѰǸδŵĶϱ, ɼǼҷ˼, Ľ㱻ﴢ̣, ǻչ˺Ĺ, ὫӭȢ, »֮ҹ, үǶԡĽϣס˵ȥ, 뱲Һúô㡣

ϧû



ҹ꺮ԣںڵСԺ઴ʯϣĪĸˡ

ҷ·˫ۣתǱȥ
ºҳճյضŶСƷᰴڴϣȥٻ˫ӵĸˣʮоѲҪôֻһһС

ôأ
˳ô᲻Ҳʱң

ˣǴ˸Σ
ͽȻɱۣûţº¡

ﷳƣӳȡһһ㣬͵Щպī׼дʱȴԥˣ֪дЩʲô

ͣƬ̣˿һһд

ѣð㻹ǵô
ڿƽ³ҹдµ飬ܿţ˵Ѳûˣޣǻʵۣǿ޿ɻᱻЦġ

д˸ͷҾˡ
ԳһЦĨȥᣬд

Ľү£Ȼͺѹүǰزˣҽ˵ʱرƽûһᣬȴʹࡣ
ҵĺ̫ˡ֪ǳѾ˿꣬Ҳ
үȥˣҾ룬һҲˣ˼ʲô⾰
ӯ۰Ԭұֵܳǲĵģ˵֣˳ĬⱲҲʲôƽģĽ死أˮȣﴢĵиĶӣҲġ
˼ȥŲµĻǸӡ
ˣ㲻ܿӣҲҵļպԵŮзҾͻѰ鷳

дЦתͷᣬ̾˿д

ˣ㻹ѰòѾͷҰա
ѽҪúñԼӣ·ӣһȫ꣬ż͵͵ȥȪйݸȪû˻ġ
Ҳ֪ܲܰСС㵱Ƕ˳ƽգûĺӿҪúչǰ
պĸˣɲ˵һ
˳ȴܿĿ⺢Ƣ󣬵ܴͬܶġ
룬ֻһһӦòҰգҪĺܰܰ᲻

ддţ棬Ҳ۵

ʵϣԶţ˼˶ཿһûء
ˣҹѾˣҪȥ˯ˡ
ȵȣҺȻһ£λүûʱֻڹз˶ԲҲҪʲô˼ȥ̫ףͰѵһǷɴͼŽȥⱲû£ʱҲ㴩һءˣѷдҲŽȥҪȻЦ㡣
Ҫȥ˯ˣ»˵

дźҽ⼸ֽۺãŷУȻСľص¡

˵֮ǰƣôţȷʵ߰˷Ļˡ

˫ֺʮĬĬϣպһ˳죬ƽá



*

պ

յͣˣ磬ͷһ죬ϵùһɨ⡣Щ죬ҺĽһȥ԰ɢɢչչǡ

ѵĲƴ˻ϦںϣһȦһȦСۣǺÿ

̼ǵգҴ̫̫͵͵ĽʶȸĽ۸͵ñӣﲻɲسͨݺŵˣֱҪҳ顣

ʷͽӽˡ

ʵһֱЩģȫǽϣڽ̲飬ôŴ̫̫һ˿ҵĸۡ

˵ʷȥǽ̫̫ȥǺݺݴ˶٣¹Щǹ£ĸүͨѾͷ裬ͨͨԶԶȥĶˣ˭Ҳ֪

ϱϱץԣѾ֪ͨҰȥҲҪˣ϶ϱռȰ̫̫ա

̫̫أʷûôá
ҵȴŽԣ˵̫̫ڳԣԪƽϣɴ̫̫Ϊң˽ӡǮּ綼֮߳ϼҰա
̫̫⻰䲻֣Ҳ˵⣬סؼȡٵĵӾȻڸ¹ֻŹĸһ·˵ĸͣ㱻ǿ϶ǻ˵ġ

Ҵ˵£ǲǵڻǵõҹĸ۹ıŮ£бԹҪôĽС˵־վҪңҪôʷ壬ʮķޡҾҪûˣʢ˥ۿžҪѹ磬ˡ

һʱ䣬︮ҳһţֳ˿еЦг˼ңɿ˵ӣҪڹſˡ

ʱĽȥˣȥϱң˽˻ȥã˶ϱֱӶ︮˵б檲֮̫̫Ϳ֪飬ƽϣһշţպơһӹ⣬αֵѿЦǰôô

ۿ︮Ҫ컻ĸֵ򲻺ʱºȻ͸Ϣסˡ



˻泩
°ӣĽһߣϦµı̺ɣԧ˫ںϡ

ҽӹȸƤ˿ڣбۿĽ㣬ЦҲЩĽ塣

ֲڣǸ
Ľҡ̴ľȣӲ㺹

㣬治ԸޣǸûᰡ
üɵ̾˿ȲԸ뿪ңôҲԼıݰ

ˣҲϡõҡ
ĽضźϵǶԧ죬Цǰҷưɣнգ̫̫Ӿȸĸ˹ȥžǴ󷿣˵ǼɵԪƣɰ˵˵Ǻ㣿
ĽŤͷңĦҵĶӣڼи̫̫ٿãڣʵͬӲ࣬ǽòƽϣҲܵøȵֶΪء

ˣһе
ҡͷ̾ϢӴֻͰǸԡ

ڴʱ԰ͷOO@@ĽŲţҾƼ߸ŻĸˣȻ֣
֣Ĵ˷˾ױͷϴŶذĵҡеϵζ

Զ֣ż⣬Цų֣úˣ;͵Уҵ㡣

檸밲
æЯĽЦŸ

񡣡
߹ҷŤͷĽ㣬´˷ͷ޵ǹĵŮƷòѡ
˵סĽĸ첲ǵĦţʽռл̫ƽӿɺã

ĽŹأһһػش

ա
ԷķϣŤͷʳУЦ⼸æ鲻ÿտ㣬ȫϣⲻҳ㣬Щ

ǳЦʣͷҹɻʧߣ

ããİա
֣Ħҵ֣Ц㲻ԵģֻúýԼӣСƽ²Ҫġ
˵֣һŵĽ㣬ݸ˵Ĺﴦü֮£̾ﲻǴؽʶ

⻰һ⡣
ҽΪĹһޣҲ˳ѲҪĽ㣿

Ȼֱӣֽٱߵһ֧ﲽҡ͸Ľ㣬ְСԲĽǰ

¾Ĺﴦ¹浾ټ֮ǰ￶壬ðմ°£й֮ˣصʹ͡
֣ץסĽ֣£Ц֮ǰĹȰĪҪޣɱֲί˹߹Ԫ׽㣬Ϊҵײǰ˼ãھңҫȴԶԶԽ󸾣Ҳı˵֮ˡ

˭֪Ľ㵭һЦڵأǻᣬˡ檶Υµ¡ˡ

ô
֣Ȼŵ㾹ԸھˣĹﰡ֮÷ھģֻһˣǸظҫ

Ļȷҫȴܲ𡣡
Ľ΢΢£˫۶ŲﴩϣȻ³谮Ԫݼ檣ɼ޹޵£ʮδֽܷ⣻򣬼檴£Ǵǹü֣ϧС޹ܿ࣬ԴͱζǼ檳ˣԼ檹л¡ʵܡ

סĽ㿴ãԷĽ㣬ص̾˿֮ˣЩһζ»ӪҪǿ̫ˣϧļҵ󸾣ضǼ֮ңϧûϡ

һͷһοһˣֿȵĲôԬ÷奣δй֮ʡ

ȻﲻԸҲǿˡ
ҡͷһЦͷǰ̽Щ֦ݸʣˣϻ˵Ͻ˸˾³Щ

֦ЦŽᣬû뾹ҲǿӲͷʮ̷˵Լͻʺԩġ÷˸ж˽۾ǿۣһһҹܲסˡ

Լˣ֣֦˶µģԶԶӽɻŵϣԪʹ¶

ҵ͵һæʣôǻʺʹԪŴ룿

ǻ棬һѪġ
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˵Ȼͣסڣװҿȸȥʢһ

Ȼ֪ʲôۻ£ⲻ⣬Цʣʲô°

ûʲô̫͹Ůʳ̫ʡ
֣ɫ糣ѱܿڻҹǵĳ¡

ףڳ
Ҳûʣ˸ͷЦϵ׹䣬ôģ

¡
֣˼裬Цһ⸧˾ֻʼɱ³谮ԲͬԪᣬʹƭºģԹƶãȻ֪˵ԪΪ˱˽ľԪ֮Ҳ޹ϵ֪ɱı

ʲô
æʡ

˵ʮǰһ׮¡
֣ӹѾͷıңų˺üڣûǱδʱϽڸ̫밲˽˺Сԧ֡ȥ£֪²ԣֻ㬵ߣ˭֪·ϣ̫ѵ빬ԪϺģ̫࣬ںԪ̸е֪ѣ˽ӣҽǺԧҲԪڹסŸǽ̫ҽԺҩƾһָ߳װĦ򣬱ϣź
˵ô꣬ԪһֱǺԧֵĶ飬̫谮ߺޣƳ

ⷬҶʱ˳˼
̼ǵʮ꣬Һ̽ĸ˵ĸԧֺóԣЩ͵ϡû֣תýѵ飬Ԫ
жʱȺʹ˵Ԫθ﷢ִԧ֣Σֹһμⶫ

ڤڤаʾ

ǡ
ЦҡСȣŹƶԪһ˶ģͼʲô

ŲţϾֻЩ
ҡͷǳЦε̾˿ԪˣǵҲ֪ǱԸ¹ƣָʹģϸȫϣһ㶼ûˡ

ŷʹ̫ѨʣЩô仹ʲôˣ˵ĸ֮Ҳйϵô

ҵ˵ˡ
֣˹ض裬ǳ˿ڣ˵쿵ȷ˰ްֱʡ

˭ģ
ҽʡ

˭֪ء
֣¼磬ЦѪգӱڹŹشת

ͷƤһ飬ЦЦû׷£ֻǶźӭĺɻãʣôġ

֣ʣһ֪ǲ̫ȣոĨͬ糺죺ϷΪˣ乬̤һɩ϶Թƻϣʹ²ԭ֮£ơ丸¾Ůƣݶλ楴˷˴ίΪƷݣ˳˸Ӿ




130.  һ   

130----һϣϣ

, һΪˣΪˡ

ѡͬ÷奶ǽᷢΪޣᶼߵⲽΪԪ, ŮǿҵĻʺ㱻, еĲУΪ, һ죬ҧгݵص˺ܶܶꡣ

޲ó, ˾Ůǿȥش乬, ͷ, Ƿ졣
ҵؽ󲢲, ҿԭ֮ܡƶ֮ޣûʸԭ, Ҳͬлᣬһۿǲ״

ܿ, ڹ̽ҵպ̫̾Ͻ빬, ˵ҿϷ

ڼ, Сľͷˣĸܵ, ûô, ҳ˯ʱ͵͵, ˹

Щ, ѹ, ϢС
̫Һ˿Ĳ˻øرտ, һشصϷżι磬ˬЩ

Ҵ˵ɴ£Ҵȥ
һ˲ֻ࣬ĸȸ֣˼ոǿŮ̡

ȣҲϵӲŲȺб۳ȥ̾ӹʱ΢ЦһԣͷߣƤϸףСС죬õ㣬Цʱֺƿ֮С

ҡȣʣŽŵʱ򣬱ƼƽնһʲôҪ·

ǻ档
̾øˣЦű·Ϻ󣬶ЩⲻͰǳĻ׹Ǹˡ

˵̾Ӵս˽ӣֵߣѹ׸ɽˣǸӣսպգǱȵ۹նϵλȵʱλֶҸ˵𾴵úġǱҲɽׯĺ̫̫䰲ңг˲ū˶˵ʱϲĽֻ̫ϧָ̫ȵۡ
ĸ̫ܲް磬ÿ̫շ׵ı£̫أټϼλôˡʷˡСŴˡȹ껹ء

ôϺѾ嶤ˣıӶϻ뷭ɣ
Ц

ˣ׸ŷΪ̫£ϾǱµЩ̫ӣ׸Яڡݻġ

˵̾Լ죬˵˼̫ȻһЦü΢ʵ˵׻Ϊ˴ӣūĸү˽˵䣬ĸƾӹƾĸһϷϺ󣬴Ѿʧ˵ӵݣиĸף׻Ƿ˴ӵǰ̣ⲻ׸ү˵˵ͣôϸλ϶ÿЩ

ԭˡ

ҵһЦٱߵɽ軨ʲ̾ӣȻ˱´󲮸˵ͣҲգأضҪĸա

ȻҪȥģȴھС
̾ӽһЦ

Ŷ
üʣȥĶˣ⺢ӲǰЩ飬زԹȥô


̾ӺطңЦͷȱ˾鵱쿡Ļᣬжȷϵֱʡⲻʼĸ飬֪ĸ׸Щ캦º󣬴ТŲȥڣһȥ˷£׵ܳϣǼ֣ūйԱۣǸТˡ

ȷ
ضŵĺ˼

ô˵ǣ谣ˣᱻ˵ТһζӪĸףֻᱻ˵Ƿǣ˵׼ᱻӶмĴ羢
⺢ǰǰ£綼˸ˣ˭

żҸӣԬ壿

ӹᶯѲܸλ
ᣬı󶯵ˣһ϶Ҫ£˭ˡ

䣬ͣˡ
ȸͲ̾ӵǰ½ΣȥȻ˱նλָʹִߵ崺ſڣ⹪ĬʮλԱʱʱ͵͵

̾ӴҴӺͷƽƫ

ƫĳˮ㣬໨ɸи߸һðźıʹˬǳ

ҴҴҲϴ֣űƤƫСǱȥ
ʱ̾ὫСƿԱߣһµذ

ż⣬쳤˲￴

üһﾹôˡ

ѴʱϣЩûˣŷ·Щɫͷϴڣ̫ȣЩ糺죬ϵ룬˺üڱ÷

µֱ˸ʮĸˣźػĹڷЩֻ֣ϸֻ챦ʯָޱȾ˪õͦüĿģǺ̫֣ƴʱ̫ҡȣЦز֪̫˵ʲô强
ֱŸʮµˣŰۣͷϽڣ뷢ףݳüëӶ͸Ź׺е°ͳ̫Ѩĳϰ̣˫Ȱ˲濪һһڵغȲ衣

Ǳˡ
̾£ĴָСֶ˸Сүʮˣʮʱ飬ΪȵλԽˣغùţӽսɳүҲԽˣǰֻʣһŮʶȵۺǱǾغүͬ׸ӹһϹսãĪ֮ǶǱѰġ

Ȼصͷ⿴

ʱѲͬ˵˭ֻǵصͷ
ڨڨһЦŰϵ࣬תŴĴָϵĴָû

µȦʷ̨سѹ֣˶϶ȺʱʱȥĨ
Щ÷ᣬ÷òã֪ǲ̫˷ܣմͬ죬ͷ۾ϵҿﻹдʡ

ڵ£ŸطŮˣǷϺ䡣
ֻ֧˶ˣͨ죬ƣضŵ̺ϵĵͼǸĨŹֵЦʹıۣͬҶ͸

üЦ
䣬кҺʱ򣬿нա

⳯ŵŴȥ֪ǲɥޣɫįڻǰ㣬С׻ųȣǶ˲ʱڶ͵ȥ¶ϧʹ֮ɫҡͷͷɫ̾˿

ȻƼֱӣָӵķ֣üͷš˸񣬿ŵ䣬ʮɳӣǺӴ͸գ˺δǸʮķޡ

¸㡰ѵģֻе¸صˡ

ɫȻЩڣǰǫͣЦֶġ
˵б΢΢ۣڰʾʲô

֣ƻ⣬ǰһϥЦزĻ˴֮֮޿⡭

˭֪֣ƻδ˵꣬͵ؽյ赽ϣһƬһء
ŭ֣ƣȵһڹ檸˵ĵضôѶѾͷˣΪˣ˵ŵ֮е΢ͣѶǰظӣ˾

ⷬ䣬֣ͨ죬ЦҲǣҲǣۿת󷽵ظһЦүѵǣǳԽˡ
˵֣תѹЦ檺еһѣΣ׼檸˾ҽ

ȥա
Ѷ˶ָסǿֳЦ˶ܿѾЩˡ

ʱ̫һѽ֣קסԼ
⸾΢΢ǰ㣬ЦȤѹ⣺󲮲ϵսưѾͷŵģСҰһƬôŴ˼ϸҲع

ɫԻЦ̫ˣ˵Ļ

̫ݸǳЦŵ̫ʹ˸ɫ⺢ӣϸҲųģģ˲ίŹŰա

⻰ʡ
̫ȻԵͰϼһﶥȥˣ֮⳯úͳ˵Ȼȵġ

ǵ֮ǰȺ̫ںȷȼ֮

̫ˣ뵽̫Ը

ס˷Ŀڣ⿴
Ȼüͷ磣ҲĨǳЦ

ʱƼ߰°ͣһƿݲС̫࣬üѣɸְ´ȣǳ⣺Ѷ㸸ϥôຢӣ㣬һ̣ǸˣҲӲ˵˵ܳһиߡԪˡԪΪţ
ҡͷ۵ŵĲسԪԭ֮⣬õģǾȰ£

һ⣬ôö˶˳ϣ

ʱƼĽʷǰȸŸ񣬳үĻµҲڸѡ˸ţıӵҲܽԪ

ﴢģ
ĽĻЦʱ˲˵ţʮˣޣɼҷ粻ΪҲض

ϣĶЩ
̫ڴЦӸճ£ⶼûе£ϸ˵ʷԭԪĽ㣬ǰðմð¾ȹӣ˵ҲøھˡѾͷ壬˵б´ü֣ͼʲôƣһӹ⣬ֶôҲֶأ

ⷬһʱסһ죬Ҫ̫䣬ֶڤ˼·Ҫ˵ʲôʲôճȭԼȡ

׵ƼˣʹЦʹ˸ɫúÿ˻Ӹ̫ȥ

ڴʱһС̫СܽѼ񣺡£׸ӹѾ̧ˣڵ⡣





131.  ˮ   ˽

131--һϣ£

ӹˣǱ̧ģ

Ҿһ, ĲҲǣⳡϷˤϳɿôС

Ȼ˶, ҵҪ, żұǽ峤ŷ, ٸֻһλ

ڴʱƼ˫ֽץסӷ, ΢̫ǰ, ɳͭ, ĵ, ̫˵Ԫã
ĺ, Ťͷʷü˵ҲĵŮôô˵λãײǽ, У۱һȥ, Ӱ, ô, ԪŮһ޵Ů

⻰, ҽŵȺƵ
ż綼֪һس, , Ѿҵĵϸү, ʵҪҪǣɱżҼū, ÷好ٹҲѺۡ

żҪЩϺУʹ³󳶶ˣΪ˱ңٲҪ˲

ĪĪţҪǱǣȥ÷Ҳ޹
뵽ˣæ÷奣Ȼ÷ɫЩѿƮ΢΢豭ˮ
ƺ˿ĭ˶еУֱѺЦүʵԪ

˭֪Ļδ˵꣬ͱϣǺˣ

̲÷奡
÷סЦԪ

÷奣
ٴδ÷奵ĻıӶŨЦҲʮͷΪȻ֮λ˵÷˵Ϊκ۰ĸ˭תۼͱѾŮɱ˸ɸɾֶΣúģ÷˵ռūй֮޲

ⷬ˵ģõ˶ﲻѣ÷奸ɫɷף亹Ƶ޲Ҹطȥ

ҿѣҲ̫ڣ÷ʹ˸ɫ˻ȥתͷЦĻͶ׷ɱðԽ޽ͣսԼʵй֮

ǷǣʷС
ȭգ̾Ѷһаɵġ

ǡǡ
ЦüΣбۿ̫

̫⣬Ӹ£ЦҵѾͷȷˣȥĸмֽ飬ոʬ˭ҪʱѾͷȻһ³˹ѾͷһѹͷڰҸǰźɨŮȡ˸иԪǰ갧Żʵ۸ǰûˣȥźѾͷҲ֪ǲǰѾͷ

̫⻰͵һͷƵøˣָ½ǣһһ鲼£ʧ

ƼˣҲЦ
ˣ
Ҳھ¼̫궾ҵʵ෴Ϊںڣǵٺһ㣬ҵͷ­ȥȷ͸͸ģôͲߵⲽ

ԭôԵʡ
Ƭָ̣Ħű»װ룬Ȳ裬˿ڣüһЦɱô˵ԪǸ޵̸ԣȥֵ˾֪ʲôˡøĸˣų̷˾а֮أ˵Hڽ̷˾޳ܵؽĻͣʳܡ˵Ů׷ڣʲôģĻ֮˼¥еĹ£ԪһϣԪǲˣǣǱôŮƷвΪӡ

⻰Դʱ˵һը

ȥҺ֣ȷӴȫ̶˽ûκᱡٶȥεҵľʦҽܵͬһ۸졣

æѣȻ⹷һתĴָϵĴָδ𣬵סڼסŭ۶Źڵе䣬Ц

ˣ

Һ̴٣סֱĿڣʱеӽŪҶʹ
ż̶ˮˣʹҵĵףˮǰƷ.Ϊ֮ҲҪҪôãҪôһֻ۱һֻۣСʹˣֵô϶ѿ

ڴʱӿ

æ̧ͷ￴ȥֺ̫ס޵Ǳˡ

̫ôˣӲʣ
ĵؿ̫üԺȥϽ̫ҽ

¡
̫ڰ֣˫ĿᣬίؿѣʹˣδʵۣδԵζӸ⣬ʶһʱ֣ʧˣʵۼ¡

ô
͵һ𾪵ʣ̫ƽﾹԲЩ㣿

ʵˡ
̫ȥᣬתԵŵڸ߹Цʵ۶Т˳ȥɽׯֻЩ̫ܲ񻰣۸ǸϹѸҿ˿ĳʳ¸ʵ鷳ûƽϣһֶûᡣ

⻰ȭӣŭȣôĵӣĸҪ˻̫

ǰΪ̫ܵū裬ЩɥɥӵĹѸˡ
̫ص̾˿ʵѸѣıָָۣϵĶ²壬ڸɾ඼Բϡ˵Ǹ̸ĺƣЩѸƶŮṩƣóǮʩɢףǰʵ۹ģʵ۱صúν

˵̫ŤͷЦүǴ̵ˣ֪ӾĻľľŮӵ֣ᵶսܱǸ˾ͺܺãЩֻһЩԶﴫţôѹ¶أү˵ǲǣ


סڵſǳɫ·˰㣬ƤӲ˺ü£յ˺üڣһ仰˵

ʱѳȵɨ۵ŵĴ󳼣̸̾дƾ٣ƽҲѧһѧ

ڳæǣ˵١



Ƽˣ˿طȺҲ̣պգÿҵˡ¡ļƻҲ˵΢Ҫǿϡʳܡͷˡ

̫Ǹģ赭дͽ̶ˮ壬Ѱһ֡

ڴʱƼĴ֨ѽһƿС̧̫Ÿνˡ
ŸϡˣҰ׵ͷ˴룬ܿͷƤϲƺʹڰߣǣˮգԴżаǰ׸ӹ
ӹǰŸʮµĹδŷ죬ԽζˣɫȹδΣڱ˶С׻ƺ޹۾Щף֮񻣬ţǽô߹ٶûηηһǸҹ㡣

ͷʱʱӰӹˮ

ʱߵĲ̾ǰСŴ˵ĶŮ΢С㡣

š
΢΢ͷȷǸǳѾͷ

ż⣬ų￴ȥ
ӹ󲽳׸ȥ˫סֵ֣ܵ̾ôŲЩȱСü꣬ɲǰͷģ뵱һڹӼ飬һ뱱ɱУѺݽȾȼü֮ΰﱾǹЩϸȫ

ʱվλϳȥ׼أǷûжЩ˽ü۽ӣصϯϣͷûҶ

ѵһЦæߡ
վڳŸҸ׸

еӹǰĦӹģе̾׸Σɻţ

ӹѣػֲΡΡѣش䣬˲£ص˵ʣããϳδˣˣĪҪ̫ۣȿȣעԼӣϳŮ޷Բס°

ƼˣҡͷһЦ
֪ģϵж޼ء

˼ƼѰӹǵϣšص¡

ʱӹ࣬һְס˵ļͷһֱֲѣ̾Ѷģȵ۰Ѿͷָ㣬ʵӹ͵ܶЯָ㣬Ҳ̫ʦˣʮҵҵذ㣬۵ùҲˣӶϥŮҲֻʣ´ѾͷˣǸͿԵˣǵ󻬵ɩƴӣѷѾͷҲڹˣ䲻Ϊ󣬵ôŻӹ׸Ųı棬λݣ˰գѶ㲻Ⱥ̱Ѷġ

ѸЦæǣָ棬бۿ÷奡

÷⣬У£Ҫࡣ

úȥ׸յȥݸǳЦк£

ǰ븧˾÷˳쿺ĻްŰԼж˽

˵⻰÷תװһ״ͷͻƴշľɵԼˣѾȷˮ֧ʹĸ̫ݷΪĻΪŴ¶ްɨ̫ԪºԪиһΪӤ㡱ĹƣҶǰ̫ҽԺԺжų弰ʱΣűûһ

Լˣ÷奴ӻͳ˵򿪣ͷֻĴָСĺɫ׳棬βڣϲɫĶ㡣

ǹƳ棬˹ӤڿǱ꣬ʳӤҺΪйƵĺӲް쳣ֻ͵󣬻մزۣżȻմѪƳ棬˶ᱻ֣︾״ѺڴˣɳΪƾϺϵǻ۲ܽƵȫϸܣԪ֮ҲɵأɣżҸһֲ߻ͼıӣͼıʥ




132.     ޲㣬

132--

÷ⷬһ, ˲仩Ȼ˽ͷӶۣ׷׳żҸȥ

ڴʱ, ׸ӹ·˼Ĵ̼, ݹ᾵˫ץסη֣ƺҪվ, κβʵ̫أµ, ﷢˵Ŀ̵, ȻͿͨ, ˿Ѫ

ף
Ŵһǰȥ, ׵׸ǰסı, 
΢޵ûʧɫӲ׸ڱߵѪүүؿ, ͬʱŭ÷奣޵ֱð, ͬһֻƼ˵ĺСá

ҽŵÿڸ, ǰһ, ӽضСϡ

쳤, йŵȥ
Ů˷·ѹо, ɨӹ, ʳָ, һҧҧѪͷ, ֣Ѫһһδָ䣬СָպЩԼѪɫıͿһЦӡ

ҰŤͷŴȥ
Ŵ˫Ŀ죬࣬صһ˦ָָ÷奣ȵøСˣֱһɺԣڰҸӣżҾεˣ㾹Ҫ׹š
˵Ŵתͨһѹ£δᣬѣ·ԩӼز˫ַأŭ𣺡£ԩģ

ѡ
⹷ɻ󣬿ɴȴĨ֮Цü÷奣ôйƶ֮£޾֪ͷ˵áԩ޵Ĵ֡

˳ѵĿ⳯÷奿ȥ
˭֪ڴʱƼүȭ߬ϵĳϰŷŭסس.ͬͷޣȻ󲽳÷ԾȥһѾס÷奵Ľڣȭس÷奵Ĳȥʱͽ⽡׳ͦε˴˼еĹ״һأŵһģ¡

÷סѾѪס춢Ц·ѪĭȥվüһЦүǺպսϡǲˡүעԼݣĪҪЩçͿ£ûó³Ц

øĿ鳼
ŭȡ

æѡ
⹷ãƫƫգöү񡣡

ǡ
÷ζһЦһϵŹ״ʰ𣬸С̫ʹ˸ɫС̫ཫ״λ߹ٺżҸӿ
˿ܿվֱӣʣ︾ѾйʮǰжԪ︾Ԫ֧ʹºʵнϣһ񣬽ڡԪԼӽԳȥȷӵĴ֮λ︾ϷɱԪɴ֤Ԫ丸ĿڣͼԶ񣡡

ǿ⹹ݣ
Ŵֱӣ÷ŭȣʱǻʺ󣬴˵ճżΪðıһٵӣ
˵⻰ʱŴһ浣ǵؿĸףһųµؿߣ£ʵԩ졣

÷她ЦֱӴŴĻôԩˣȫ˭˲֪¶ԸСӷļϳ裬㣬Ұһͨа̫Ǻ⣿ű£ǰиֲĶøżңŵЯµһ΢ͣıλ£񶫴·ɫؽƱ磡

ҡͷһЦ
÷йȻֺɫŪŴ޴룬䶼Ͽڣ־壬ӹֲûǾҪ˽ˡ
ɡܾô򵥣Ŵ켣ٳ꣬ң

ڴʱƼǽСżС΢үүǰһȹع¸һ񣬽ָ߹ټ涵ؿѣˣø£ŮѾûףҪλ÷ǿȥ׵үүҲ첻ˡ

ûŵĺ˦·΢֣̾ɲ֣׸һ̶벻㣬׼չˣѾĪˣǣ㣬ﻹǴ׸¾ҽա

½֪ʵľ
΢ϺĻֱѣŵСظһһ֪¸Ůһ˵Ļᡣ

һüͷȻ𣬳Ƭ̣Ц˵ʲô

Ůм仰Ҫ÷飡
΢ͷ÷奣˿ʣ÷ڿ˵ŮүүװкԪƣ֤أ

Ϻ︾ϵĹ״֤ݣ
÷ذ΢

˽֪˭͸˾У֮һ³ʲôһأ
΢˿÷˵ĻᣬŵŮϸϸ˹״ֻдŹĸϽʶԪɲûֱӵָ֤ŮĸɱԪû֤ݱҸʶԪ

һ⣬ʲô
ԭŴĺŮЩ˵ֵѣ֧ʹ׵Ů˵ҵôӣ˭˼һѾͷƬӹȥ

ôûУ
÷奴ʱҲʮѾͷҪ˵˭֪ٴα΢ϡ

Ҳеģ
΢Ц°͸߰б۵ĸʮǰͽʶԪԪĵȷȷǺνģǺⰡ÷ڿ˵Ѫճϣ˶棬ôôɺأУŮ״дԪĹǴҩֵһѧģⶾǰ̫ҽԺԺжųǰ׫ôɲɣ̫ҽӶ淢ʱ͵أ÷˻ҸʹԪһǺΪֺԪԪƣ⹹ݹĸżң
ųŮڵȺʱңң̫˵Ԫʵ֮ŮйԼ֪Ԫ޹ĸݵġ

⻰ҵ·͵ر˴һ⣬˲䷢̷ȡ
øѾͷ·ͷϡ

æѣѴĨųȵЦȥָһ½һµص棬ԼĴָϵĴָû
Եĺ̹£⣺ūСӿñԼأôԪʱԶȪйж䶼ڱƿ֮£ôͬūͨŹǻˮ㣬

ڴʱƼȻŹһЦ˱ָͷϵѪбۿѣȻ̵˻𣺡Ǳеģ̱Ѷ綼żң㣬ҵܵŴôģ˵گԾͷ­ΪǱ˿ϵģ͵ôǻʵ۱ΪΪø˫ۣ


ץ豭ˤȥŤѣȵµ㾹ޣ

Ҳڴʱ÷女ǰһ£һ׮Һ󹬰ҷֻǴ漰գ飬ֻƷϸ߽˳

׼
ȭͷ°ɨۣˣ£ȫȥگý룡
䣬վˣ£֨ѽ֮ϣϺɱ֮е˼¡
ѴʱѾû֮ǰŵȻҪ˵ʲô˵ǣ

÷奴Ŵ븸ŮЦҪҷϺһӰȳ²֣ͼʼѪǰʮ£ҲǷʮ꣬ϵ֪ĸ̫һֵܣڳ̽Ϊɣؼֵܻݣн빬..֮£̫ҵŴ룬ԴΪвСŴҪǮ͹λŴ˽ϺϣȽؼֵڣŸΪϺ̥ɱ֮򳼼ٸ淢
ǲ鵽̫ҽʮʮ¼䣬һζδϺÿÿԲѪΪɣ̫ҽԺҪѪҩڿʷϺĸ̫ݷʱ֪ϺС죬ѣڷʱųѪѪմ˶ϣ̫ҽȾಡ

÷奴ǺĨڽмŤͷ䣬ЦðԺжȡδϺ󣬱µûģȥֵϼҲã֪Ǽ̫¥һ˶ǣ˵ಡĶôǾóԩǴ̫ҽҲɻӹʶ

˶
ѺȻվ𣬷ŭؽϵȫ󲽴뿪һƿ·÷奣ˣֱȥӸµǰҪص˦ӣ˫ֱҧЦ޲㣬֡

ǡ
ȻڴЦ´ϵѪƵؿѣࣿһǧ˿ļ˻ã˭ࣿʵ㣬ǿ̫ˡ






133.  Ѫ   

133--˧

ǧ˿ļˣ

˲, һѪ·˰㣬걻ĻȻС

ǳ߹ĹС㣬ҲǵﰮĽŮ궬, ûҵ˻, ұһҹ䳤󣬴Ů˸, ʹ˫ȾϴѪô򵥡

ƾʲôֱ顢˵ֻ

ûסҪŶ
˭֪ڴʱ, ŵĲ̾ӹ͵סҵӡ

Ťͷŭɲ̾, ̾æɿ, ͷ, üαسȥͷʵûʲô¡

һ
ǰ, ﷢ļǼ£ǹ£̫ү, ҳȥʡ

˿ƽס, ָϴ, ̾ݸǳЦ, ʾл, ﰵ, Ǹ˺ĸɶ, Ӧǿ졣

̹վԶЩ, ֮㲻ˡ
ҵ

ǡ
̾ӹȸ˺һࡣ

ҼվԶ󣬲æż￴
Զ, ҲܸоֽŵĽţԬۣ
Ҧ𵱳֮ʱǿսһɣܿΪ׵͵ˣ۶ص׸ʱʱЦ
͹Ҷû˵ͷŰϵĵĲյ

̲ǰ÷奣һ۲صס䲻ţеȭ߬סüͷš˸ҧס´ȥϱѪ˹ŨƣЩޡ

أ
û𣬾Ӹµؿ䣬ҵĵȷȷܲǷݳºȥ˾䣺˵ʲô

û壿
ֱͦͷȻһЦ˵࣬Ǹǧ

ž

֣صһ⣬ʱͽŮ˵һߣĴָϵǸָҲڴʱ䵽ϣ˼Ȧͣŵűߡ

ס
ʮʶѳĬԣľګ֮У
ʮʶѳǸֶκﵽֻĸ߹δˣˣҲǶŷߣһֶûС

죬һŮ˶ˡ

ǡ
ŲЦŤͷѣشЦЦᶼˡ
ӲɵһǰһضЦֱԣȻƺҪŹأûסһЦ
ôˣ
бۿѣأϵĳ֮ЦȥתиˮҵزƵ𽥱Թ޾ȡ

˭˵ŶԷ

ɻʮˡ
ЦЦſָط£գۼ䣬ɴ׹䣺ô꣬Զôºͣ˵δй֮ǰ˳ʱҲֻǳҡôھô㣿

ô꣬޸档
˫΢Уס

棿
·ʲôЦƵģַȥϵĲᣬԽԽࡣ
ԲˣɣüЦˣǱǿ


ҧ߳ͬȣôĵӣ

ôȲã
˼֣ÿζ۲ۣڴ߸裬ҵƵıڻ˶ҵġأţʼҽ㡢ǰٺͻһʺҼǵѣǵҽô㻹ǵҵô

Խ˵ԽԽ˻ơ

ʱеӹ·ܵĴ̼ȻϷгûŴûҿȭͷصأѹȵ˵ˣ

Ϊʲô˵
˫ͨ죬˻ѣسЦ֪ô㲻СҶأÿضʮ£ҵСӣʲôʱͣʲôʱͣ

ž

ִ֣һơ
û˵Ȼ죬ŷߺޡ

ƼˣסڣЩš
㳹׺˺Ȼô֣ô˵˵ֻѵǰ̣żˣ

æѡ
䣬תϵӹǣЦ׸ɽ˸ûʺġ

һ⣬ŵÿڸ

̼ǵȥףѺˣ˵˼ݵĳ¡
˵ĽӪȹңӹǰλ׸ˣ˸˸ǰĪҪ߻ͷ·



æ쳤˲ơ

Ѵʱ˫ֱޱضӹ
ӹԺţ˫ǵ˫𽥱ؿѣ·һӲʶˡ

ӹ˫ɿݵץסӣƿҪŮ΢һΡΡվӣֱѣٴδǰۿЦصϥ¹򣬽ţһҲȥ·һΡĴɽȻ˰㡣

˫ֱ󣬳˿ǰŵǸϡˣǳЦ

ڴʱû˸սʱʢˣǰȥཻ˼ʮֿѣֲ֪˼ʲôûǲЩŭصѣѹѵ⣺°ôЯ㣬㡢㡭

˵ص̾˿תٿ

ҷ֣ٳΪѶ¡

ȻƼվҡҡλεس嵽ӹǰץס׵ӣʹק޵
ڴʱһֱҡĬŴ͵ƿ䣬ѵ㣬ٷˣ

㣡
֣ӷ̴ٰľݾ޵øҾͳģΪҰСӶɱˣҺ¶̥ҩôڹӣ˿ᣬֻûʺ󣬲һ¡

Լˣ侹ôԼĸףߣ㣬Ϊ˼ǰ̣͵Сǰػѣ㾹Ůǿ޸Ԭң΢谶żҵŮ˶ˣϲĶ

Ůõ໥ָժԹϷҾðſڣһʱȻмͬ䣬ֵӣʮоزػⱲӴӲֹ

԰
һ⡣
Һ󹬣ͼʼѪ¶ͷ£ôһԹԼɷ͸ֱ壬ôŴΪάѵ棬ɱڵģ

ʲô׸ʵ˵ͣڱһˣ

æѡ
ȻҲӦˣȻĨңתȥеس÷奵ȣ

÷һȻδعתƺѸ˼ʲôöȺ
÷奸Ҫ˵˭֪ڴʱƼӹȻվҲ֪϶صԼŮһƣţޣȵ۰ϳŮƣУԲס

Ѽֱӣ÷奺ȣס

÷ҲӦˣͺӹȥ
֪ˣӹҧأһͷײȥֻ˵һ죬ϼһ̱ڵأͷѪ˽ʧȥʶгû˼£Ҳû˶

ʱ˶վ
̫顢֣ѣ
Ѻ٣侲Ŀͨ죬ֻȭͷڰϣ˷·һͷʱԾޣ÷ȫסվӹʬ׸ǰһÿѣһ޵غݾԼĴȡ

ף
Ŵ˵׸ϣ޺ҡףżС΢ǿ޵滨꣬ӹ࣬үү
ƼԾȻ£֮ԭת˼ȦָӹЦӣ϶ˣҽˣ

ֻоЩվȣ̧һϾȻô亹
ֶΣżٶ˶ûϵֻҪŴҪ˻ţôտڣ

۵ؿѡ
˫Ŀɺ죬̱ϣӾڲ֪Ǻޣûס°

µ÷͵һеϱ£ϺҺ󹬣żҸıʥιȥ飬ŴѺگ

үүˣ㻹
΢޵ôߣ÷奣㻹̱ƹҵǵðҼҵɱŸ𣿡

һָɣ

æѡ
ѴʱȻĨɱ

ڴʱƼŴ͵شŮһ⣬ȵ֮ϣδɵëѾͷ죬¿ʣƽϣԽˣ
˵Ŵ뽫׵ʬƽĨȥϵĲᣬùٷǰ˼ؽñժ£ƽڵϣ˫׷أ
΢Լõ޷ֵܻ輰ңַɱ˵΢þӸλ½ͳһ

ƼˣҲҡͷ
̣Ǹﰡ

ƼλżС΢ٵԼߣ޺ţҪ΢
ȻС½̫󣬾ѳЩ¶źɫǶ
ӻͳɫУæҵش򿪣߾ٹͷ˻ߵؿ޵ʮǰҸȵԣΪȵ۵¶һʱȵ̽ҸҸ첲˵˶䣬غ֮겢ֳһ飬˻ױдȥҸ

˵΢̧ͷŵĺ̫͵ĻҦ𣬱͹飬Ťͷʮ겻ָһӼ䣬ѵоһ˼ǵȵ۵Ľԣ




134.  ͢   ִ

134--͢

ͷһը, һ

͵ؼ֮ǰϰʱʹŴǸˣϸ˵˼ʮǰ, ȵʱҧ, ʮŴȻȻø첲һ

˵ʱȵ۶żм, û뵽ȵ۾ȻŴ˷Ᵽگ顣

æż, ڿȥ

˵ıԲͬ, Ĭ, ֱ˲ӳ΢ͷǷɫȥ
Ŵ롰ɪɪطСʹޣ
÷奾ֱǰȥ, ָָǷگǵͨ, ٵģһαگ飡

ӹʬǰ˫ͭĻҲǳɻ, Ŭʲô

ͺ̫Ѹٽ
Ȼû˷ǰУ۹ڵϵ΢, , ӹʰָֻ, ߬, ˫΢, סŴ벻š

һը, 

סĿ￴

ʱ, ̫Σûлţ˿, ΢׵ֻ˻ӣЦűʺ񣬲ź׸СѾͷɲԵĵط°ա

̫赭дĸ˻΢˲ͼˣֱӣһӵظŵĻȵ۵긧Ҹĸ첲ֱ˵˶䣬غ֮״گ飬ôŹȥʮꡭ

ȿȣ
̫ؿ΢Ļ
Ȼû֮ǰĴüĿԵ۽Ǹʹˣº͵ʮǰ̷ȵԣ˵׮£ȴ֪ȵ۾گ顣
˵̫΢ЦʣѾͷαگٻػ

΢СӲСɷףҧŮѣȷȵױ顣

ô
̫ǰŵĺʹ˸ɫǷگĦǷɫУԷԶЩЦʼȵ۵ģֻǻط㣬ʧƣӡҲСȷǴ˺ģƺģɰҼǵõд󺵣δȵ۷ԸڼöȣԼͷؽôСŴگأ

ǡǡ
΢ѾˣЩڳԣ⡢گȷȵдº͸үүүүŮܵģǴӣˡȵڴ갵дµġ

СѾͷֳѡ
̫ڴЦʹˣǴˡвδ󺵣˶ȵүʱҲأСѾͷ⵽گ

⡢⡭
΢ʶף˶񣺡ʮǰʱ͡

ô
ֽ̫ǷگڰϣЦگ顢ּɲ˵ģӡмǵҷ·û¶Ѿͷ˵ǰԲɼ̹ԴЩˣһͿӣʵĪҪƽϡ

ҲͿ
΢óŲӴ󺰡

̫ҡͷЦЦ˵ҹ㣬ʮֵö񣬿Ѿͷδûʵ׼ż̵ضײ󳼣·ðңǲȵϵĶɼگ壬ɼѾͷǸͿġ

ص̾˿ʣ̫޸δżС

ȥĹ۾ްա
̫ӲǱߵĸۣЦţԸ棬ԸԺúģȬܽ滰

á
ݸǳЦָϴĴָתھͰСȥա

⻰΢ʧɫһʱ侹ûӦôگİ
׸ǰŴӣôޣ˵䰡

Ҳڴʱĸ̫ȥˣһһץס΢ļϴקؽ΢СЬϵһֻ
΢ƺӦƴȫץסѣүŮүүղû˰ȾȳŮ

һѽС̫ƿ΢סСȣḧӵͷ
Ťͷ۵Ǿʬ壬ϵϰ͵ض΢΢ǰ㣬ѣЩ󣺡°СŮҵӣ΢£˴Сʶǰ˵Ҫס

ֱ̫ӴĻĮŹТ޸ĶϱûõСӡ
˵̫ʹ˸ɫ
⣬ֽס΢죬ǿн΢ִǽСӲ˳ȥ

һʱ䣬ָֻЩ

ԶҲżŨѪζһɹһش˶ġ
ҲȻŻȻȸΣֵֻ̼䣬͵ˡ財˵úסڵ۾ޣ˵㣬

ҡͷ̾˿ơ
˫Ȱ˲濪ӹʬԣҿֹ׵ͷԽң˫Ĵ£һԲ

ʱ̫ķ̧֣սҪѰ£Ц˵ʵ۱Űɣȥˡ

̫֣Ʋߣеǰʱͣ½Ų
ӹʬ壬ҡͷ̾˿תüմݸǳЦ߰մ󲮣ѲǸ桢ȵ۵ͷˣһһҪ£ǶˣȥŪСա

£Բʵؿѣή˼֣£Ѿͷ

ֱӴĻ乬䡣ߺã޾Ͳˡ



ʱ

Ҵ·˫ۣż￴ճյضŸ׵ʬƣһЦһޣ˰㣬ȸ˾Ļ÷Ѻʱ·ȻˣٴƵصѣ˸۹ȥָɢķ٣򿪻÷֣תǵߡ

ȻҾסˣô˲䣬ҾȻŮ˿Գŵڡ

һҵ˾أѾ

æת󲽳ƫȥ
ָⴥͭӶϡңǰգұ͵͵ƫʱҼˣڵִ̫ͷڣЯŶ밲

أ

ҸŴɴ⿴ʱ׻ˮ£˶Ʒµ߹٣оĽﴢġ
ִ崺Ϸأ̫Σ̧뿪ܿʧС

ʱ߳ˡ
Ը߰°ͣ½ɨȦЩ߹١
ȻƼһƫ֨ѽһ˴򿪣ͷ߳ʮµ꣬ɫۣɫǲ԰ףݵһܴƵģȻ谣ȥ¡ȥôڴˣѲɽȫ¶

ҲͷƤҲ

׵СŤסͿͨ嵽ĸǰ첲ָ̧ʣģְ£

ȻЩˣһνı飬һЦôҲҪָôʲôӣѵʲôⲻТӣȻӶ
˵߳ӣ仹̧֣Ҫһѣ˭֪ȴش򿪡

ң
ֻͬըëСƿ䡣
˫Ŀɺ죬ĸףˮӿ˳
Ȼ⺢ӿʼڴϢεվȣˣĸĺʼ̴٣ɼצͨһˤڵء

谶
һæ±סӡ
ˣһֱĦ谵ؿڣץסӾס֣ࡢͬʱӵĻڣֱޣ󣺡Բסˣﲻü㣬öӱ谶ˣȫĴ

ʱ˾Ļ÷ֱǰӺץס䣬ߡ

ٵȵȡ
˫ֺʮذ󣺡ˣҶ

ߣ
÷ֱӽӸŮ
ƴ޷ѣУ˲䱻ʪˣͷɼŤӣ谶ȫĴԺ²ôòúӣˡ

ûٿȥ
Ϊ⣬ģΪӵĸףеͬ
ĸ޼᲻ݣһĴ̣ΩŮ£ԸͷϴԼ͵һĲֵ

ұ˿ָϴӣתСǱȥ
񷽲ûò̾Ӻȸǰż￴

Ǿ붼

󳼶ϯȦϣ£
Ŵʧǵع࣬޷ѱ亹ʪ

أ
ĬŴƣȻ첲ָͷǷگ鹴Ц˾䣺
䣬˵گǼ٣ȵױ֮飬˿α죿

⡭
Ŵ͵һͷԽͳ棬֡١

ô
Цȥ𽥱䣬ǷگһţȻ׵ŴǰûݸǳЦȰ׸ʬȥ
˵Ťͷֶָ̧ͷĮȥﴢĽн

⻰ֽû´Ӧÿʼ͢飬δżҰ
ûһŴᱧĽʷСŽ

֨ѽѽرϣͷķ
֧ʹС̫࣬λ߹پȲ衢ϸ㣬ϵѪɾ¯ﵹۡ

Ұ׵̵ʱο¯Ʈ˳Ѫȣ

Ѷ裬˿ڣƬ̣һգôŴ롣

һ

÷奷²յȵ£ΪϺƲܵľ֣±Ŵ븸ֱʣ飬׹ｫ̲顣
Ľﴢĳ顣

ʱҦ𽫳Խõַ£Ĩ˰죬æɲɣ׹ưȱҪ֤ԪϺܲϴºŴйءż壬ڳ̸ڣ²ԱҺóȻگⲻ˱˷ݺӡ÷ˣ֮ǰԪⰸɲ꣬ʹӢ΢

ö˶㳶
÷˦˦ӣҦ𣺡˵Ŵ룬Ϻ׿ڳʮǰжԪǾ˵ԪżгĹϵ

ǹ磡
Ҧб۵÷奣ڽ÷˱żСһָ˼˵ˣԪǺνأźµģӺԪߵýٲ󻹵úʳϺˣ÷㲻ôžôţ֤ݣҪ֤ݣ

÷奱첱Ӵ֣°Ǽگ֤ݣϱǰ˽վ棬ԲſһëѾͷ˵˵αȵگ֤ݣֻСѾͷƬӺŴ뿽һ

ֱɣ
麣·ӱǿ׷̲ϴʵ֤֤Ŵв룬ҵȵ۵ĵȷȷ˵Ƿߣʮǰ÷˲Ÿûã̲참ӵģ

ĽﴢֱӣüˣҲô˵ȻⱣŴΪ֮ģȺԻ֣ѹǳŻλȥģ׼ı¡

麣·üͷš˸񣺡ԪĪڰף

Ľȭͷ°˵ʵ

û֤ݰ
麣·ѱȭü£鷢׹ư³ĺ֣ʷ׹ưǣ㣬̶ǧˣ͢طȻطңǸԻָΪϡ

ʲô˼
÷۱飺Ѳɾͷ֮ʲôϵźȥߵͦġ

÷ʳ١
ŭȥӹΪ׸ȻҪӴǹ¹죬Ҳ˵ʵ顣÷ˣΪִⷢ׹ư֤ǻ˱

ڴʱСĪԻҺŴɱֵܡ

а
Ҧ֣ǵؿѣ棬ɲɣŴڿ˵Ϊ˱¶˽˽ֵܺӣռ˸֡
˵Ҧп׸Ԭ壺Ҵ޹Դ·ٲû𼰴ӣûҳΪв෹Ц

顣
鱧ȭѣ磺׸굽һֱַ£ȻŮײʵڵģԻҺ󹬺ͻʼѪŴ룬»ø̱Ѷݲ³ӵ

ҲУҲУѲɾôŹŴ룿
÷ָ̣Ҧͺ·ݻɽ󻼣Ϊ˴ӵĽôʵûǱҲԽŮƣͱƣŮųð£αگ飡

ֱץ֣÷ȥݱڲ塣÷ôСź̫ŮۣټȻۣٴ˵ټҳͬƿСȥ

ƥ㾹Ҵ򱾹٣
÷ץסյҹȥ

Ȼ״ѵĺǳ⣺

ˣ

üɨȦ۲ݵĴ󳼣ŷʹ̫ѨȻŵԬ壬üһЦʣ׸Դһδ˵˵գ޸δŴ롣

Ԭɫȣеıյ£תѣر£ΪıӰϺ︾Ϊжִۣȥ塣

ǡ
÷Ц׸˴ӸĪҪƫ̻Ӿ˾ˣ


ѵͺ÷ʹ˸ɫ
תԬ壬Ц֪尮乫˽ƫʶ޲Ž谶ڡ䣬˵

ǡ
Ԭٴμ񣬳׹ưȱֱ֤ԪҺ󹬰ɷΩȵگɣŴ˵ȵۻͣδͣ׸Ѳɲ顣ʶΪŴ벻Ӧ


ѵͷתŴĴָϵĴָ

Ŵȷ׿ڳɱֵܣ
ԬüȻһ£ɱΪ䣬֪һȡ

ݸ´ֱḧЦʣ俴δá

Ԭһ˿һĶϸ˼Ƭ̣ͬλ˿¹سֵ֣޶֤Ŵһ˫á޷ԷΪΪ٣δܹȰ̵ˣ⣬ӡʺΪ㡭飬ŴְȥݣΪһ֮ͨУ̻Ⱥɽб֮Դ

⻰ҵʱס
˱٣ʵŲ࣬ǲܻࡣ
ûֱ֤£ʵˣֻҲͬ÷奵Ŀݻɽк󻼡
Ҳ֮ס˻ᰲִַƶĲë֮أΪˡ

ѡ
ȻЩ飬ԭš˼Ȧֹʱɱڣʱֹǧ

صϣۣ˿ּա




135.     

135-

ͷ, ѹ·ҪƹܵĹ͢סʱʱµ, ͬһŭ, Ҫɨ⡣

ûٿȥҡͷ̾˿, תƫ崲ȥȸͲ̾Ҫźò, һ˻, ȥ

һ侲

Ҷ, ҳȥЬ, ڴϣԼϸ˱, ԭЪôҲ˯š

Ϻˣʲôʱʼأ

Զ˵, ȵָӹ˿ʼһʼ
˵, ǰ֮, Ŵ֮Ųභʼѿ, жʱȫ
ϸ˵, Ϊ, Ҫ, Ǿ͵Ƴ

ѲΪӪ, 踧˾Ԭ塢÷奡ӡҦ𡢻÷ԻӱΪȱ, ׼

żСĽ׸ˤӴΣŮԬңŴ뾭ӪТ˳Ϊڽ·ʱȽժ˳ȥȫȫ֮ϣż˵¸صѻʼѪԹкͿ£׸ԽŮƺȵɱ΢óȵگŴɱڰθߵҾ

Ĳƹܣ˿ս浶ʵǹ
ǰļЩңô£Ҳ̵ڡ
ƣܲ𣬵׻һУŴӳ졣

֣˭Ӯˣ
˵˫Ӯֶˡ

Ŵˣƴͷβһ仰û˵˶ܿǲصǸ

ҲӹлؼʱڽŴ򸾣ѾͷöŴ̹Ȼ

ݣǻزˣгһջصֻһѪȷ硣

ԣѻᰵ˽ô

ţҾͿʼ
Сһ·Ҳ֪׵ķǣûڣԹԵҶ

Ҳ֪Լ˯˶ãҿŴ봩źɫֱ֣ͷϴŷڱС׻ţЦسҹһֱʱ׻ȻѪʼֻȾ˰׻澹ӿŴȫȾ졣

ĶŵѪ˲֪Ѽ⵶ʲô˵΢Цų

߿𣡡
ֱӱѣʶȥӡ
طִ˸ݷǷˣ˯ˣһʼûϳŵüֱ㡣

ġ
æץסҵ֣Ħʣجˣ

š
صصͷԿְֹҵؿڣͼĵƽ
Ƭ̣۵ó˿ʣʲôʱˣѾæô

Цŵͷʱˡ
첲ҲӺͷƹȥش崲ϲǻ£ͬԬ˵˻ӻͶȥع칬谶㣬˭ֱסţֹ˺һ
˵⻰ͬʱӰҲ²ӺȺЦ̫ҲأϸЦ㡣


һ˲䷢̣ô˵ء
Ƽ̫ʱڵеķϣѣ΢Щʪ֪ǲˣסֱԡ

ҹ崩̵ɴ£æҵشϣСʡ̫ﲻͬүһô

û
ҽЬãְҽЩɢҵͷֳ£Ц̫үͳ˻˵뿴㡣

ôǰͬ˵̫Ҳø˼׼Щ񡣡
ЦŵѣͬʱҲ
ôһ񣬰˵ɫ϶̫ãƽƽ·ʲô¶ûзƵġ

ڴʱ̫º͵Ц˵ʲôأԪѾͷû

˲䷢գæץסѵĸ첲վٴѺͷ٣ź󲽳̫ȥŤͷѣʱ߹࣬ɫۣЦʾҸ̫

æ£ظ̫ͷĵعң˵Ҷޣָ˺£̫һһһ⣬ڵˡ٣ΪҽΧ

뵽ˣæٴοͷԱл⡣
أ΢š֪ﻰѣóǷνگѷŹף̫Ѱһ֡
뵽ָͷ

̫ݸҷЦ´ңŤͷѵȻǸӣĪ˵ʵһҹҹϣء
˵̫ʣúӣ㷽ô˾Ÿͷ̫ˡ

һû˵ѵףû¶ģСշޣ޶ļͷӦõġ
˵䣬ѴߵǱߣСԲʹҔJһԼһԱߵץ˰֦ϸذú̫ȫҡ

𳤣û˼ԣһЦһοͷǸ񣻵ڶοͷǶлºͳ檽Χڵοͷϣٰ︣պ˳ġ

ϡ
̫֦˶³ŵԱߵĲϣЦѾͷִ߯磬𡣡
̫ϸز˰֣Ħҵĸ첲ٴδңȻôϸ˫֣ص̾˿һְ֪˫ܹ֡Ȼĸ۹ûʱҲôͣӹģʮˡţҲǹŹ㣬ôô
˵̫ȦȻˣȥᣬŤͷѣҵַסЦԭⱲӶˣһ죬һأ˭붵תתߵһ飬ɼעԵ֣˭ɢġ

Ҳп֣߬סҵ֣һЦ
ҧ´͵Ц

ԪѾͷӹģ
̫Цʡ

ʮµӡ
ḧŴӣѣ̫ЦĵļˣµʱѲֻһ

ޡ
̫˿ڣҵ棬ЦĪҪ˵ʵ˵ųտ̥İգ϶ֶγ뻯һᱣĸƽġ

ǡ
һ쵽Լ
˵˺ȻʲôƵģϲɫЦ޺Ȼһ£̫ĸҸ䰲褹иСŮ󣬽ռǣòȣŵǺ䣬ǻ˯ŵʱ޻̫˵أ⺢֪鶮񣬴ϻ۹ˣԽӣĹŵӣҲѧʿĵնڿƾϴʣƷò󶼼䡣

㣬ˡ
ЦŴĻͷȻ˵΢ء

΢֣ĴǺȻ£Ĩݣֻ˲䣬ָֻɫĦҵ֣ЦֶƫƼµĺùȻǵһ

ʵ֪һֱֲ
Դָ֮ҳǴ˵ʱһֶû˵
δ˵ȴ

ҲδܾĻ˵ʴĿĺ̫ͷᣬǿЦȻһԸ⣬ֻǳ檰˵ƽͷϰգӪŸ֣⺢治ģϧָвм䲻ϹĹ

̫ŮˣҲƷƳ⻰˼ЦⲻͬʵڿЦԪѾͷҲ𵱳滰ǰܾŸĸ֮ҪģɶƼϺͻʵߵز뵽ŵڣС޼ҪĻ˵ϻǶһԹż
˵̫װѵѣʵҲĪҪǿǣߣ׻Ҫӵ뷨ӵܴܲһ顣

ǡ
Цָ̫˸֦Ц̫Ľ̵

̫ݸӸմѣѵ֦ƿЦɫˣͳˡ
˵䣬̫ҺѵһúõģʲôѴˣȥɽׯңϹͷڵö


̾˿̫߲ѵԭǺТģûŴ徲֪Ըڹ㲻ǿǣЩӵˣٽƺӡ

ʵ仰Ķůˡ
̫ѵ֣ˣҹг꣬ʵҪúñԼġ

˵⻰̫ºһЦ뿪ˡ

ҺһͳƫĿ˽뿪ŷء
ǣҵ֣ЦһŵضҵĶӣӺòãһҶҪҪŷЩƼȸҪŽ̷ӻ֣˵æһգЩۣ˯

ȽѵЦݽȥ֨ѽһպ˲кŹӺѪסҲţҿëëġ

ôˣ
СʣסӣͬʱƴĶ
ûаǷŲ̫ͬý֮ǰ˵΢ʱҸż˵ûôС
ôˣ
Ҵչȥʡ

˭֪һ˦ҵ֣糺죬ҧгݣ΢΢

ǡΪŴô
˿ĭʡ

ûش޵ظһһšǱߴȥ
ץסһֻԴƿٹͷȥ˻ޣץ飬˺û˺Ȼҧ

ˡ
ޣڳӺ̫Щ˸ǰֳ
ûˣܷйˡ

ʲôҲû룬ֱߵǰϽɺڼ̡ҹⱭϤȡһݵңֽԼϴŵɴ£ҧȱڣ˺˺

ʱ˫Ŀͨ죬ԼҧѪ
ã
ؽҧƺҵɴ´һ˺˺黹ϣСƵֲߣѹøӣޣȥɣ

ʲô
ƿǼ˿ĭѧŴûƨ.۵ĵĴˣʮ˱ӵ˰嶼ˡİģֵøЬƵģڵúʹ¿Ƶģ嶴վȻˣôģԼųġ

ĲֺŤͷһ綼סһʶƵģͷֱҡ

ʲô
ؿڣѧѽ

Ŵûƨ
ſڣŬ˺öΣվ䣺


ŶӣЦ
֪Ⱳû˵ʲôĻҲûΪǴߵǱߣȡһСƣҧӣеǰƔJ߰°ͣˣܻȰɡ

ã
Ѷƺͷ͹࣬˭֪ˣǺֱԣĨ죬޵Ž

ˡ
˫ֲԼѸٻص⡱״̬ۣƿڴŴݴ˸㣬žһ䵽ƨϣһתͷ㣬˵Ӵιⲻûƨ.۵ɵȱ𣿡


ͷ˿ھƣ֣ޣ
Ǽ˿ڣȻһڵأճյضصƬֽм޵ؽƺԶתסҵȣͷпҵĴϣ˫ȭҵأӾĲ֣û뵽ӸˣСѾͷƬӣС֪ǷگǼٵģͷ϶ŸТֻ֣ôʡ
ֳצ״ҵȣҧгݣӹϼһЮޣɺ޵䣬ȻųޱȲǸͷˣǸ޵ģ˵ǿǿ

ǿҲ֪ԭŮҲܺܿǲǿôģ
񰲸Сͷ⿪ĹӣɢͷʳָĦͷƤҪǱɾǵˡ˵ҲһͿأŵ˲ë֮أҲڳúݺݴ϶ǻƼˣŲӣҲϣȻǰԳС


һЦⱲǿᣬȵ۸ǰֺģ޸ǰҲ

š
£ȣʾϡ
Ħ˫磬ͷƤطʣû벻Զ

롣
/Ц˾䣺޶ˡ

ǻؼݸˮգ⼸ս꣬˶췢ùˡ
ظĲ

Ȼذɡ
̾˿޽ȥ谶⺢Ťš






136.  ֱ˴   İ

136--ҵ, 

ԡһ˷
˭֪ճûڣͷ, ˵ﻹŲ谶, ȥơ
˵⻰Ҵ뿪ߵʱҽȥ, סʱ, ˽ع㹬ʰ޳, 빬

ڼ, ҵСӼ, ֻ᲻ؿ֣Ǻ, ׼

ҹĻ٣һգһյ, Ĵһ˲ʵùζ

ҹĻʹͰȫһɭְ, żųֳ˻ƵĹ, ҲûбӰ, еŮϴ, ʱʱ崺, ̶Ħ, ķ

һ紵, Ҳ˸Щ
֪ǲǷų̫ණųŵû, ̧ͣһͣµ߻

̫̾Ӵŵͷȸһһҵزҡǽźҵģʮͷͣе΢֣ڹһӣǽСġ

߼˻Щ
ҡͷЦЦǰ湧ɵĲ̾ӣЦ̹͵ŸǰˣϽȥź£Щϻ𣬹ؼţŷЩȷɢĳʳҲмǣ˼˱ӻ裬ϸθ

̾˼֣гЦǱ£ֲʥ費˥ء

ֱḧ·̵ĲݸЦʣ̹ԭĴźţˣ
ͷȳԪ£ǶЩ̫๬˲ģϰµİ׮δıѡ

ūʮʱĹ
̾ЦʱūŷźʮĲˡүūһֺø㣬ūεСŷƽЩҹٸĴ衢Щµģ˼꣬үūʵūź򡣡

ҵͷЦĿ·𻹴ŹǱߵǻǱô

ǻ
̾ӺĵؿңЦū漮ǰĿأĸȥ󣬱ǧͶ塣ϱĵƣⲻΪ˼ɢӾͰūͽū̫ࡣ

˵̾Ȧ΢죬˿ڣҲ㱨Ӧգūöĵ򻹲ծְūøΪ澣H˼ɢӣ˸߲ҵشƳԣû뵽ײ˽ϳĶԣǶһѣͷĵʯ̨ϣˡ
̾ص̾˿ŵūǹ˼֪ģʱūҲСһѶûʱūͶʱ͵͵ūJԵģūûʱū빬ЩӣŽôӺŸѰˣҲ㱨յĶ顣˭֪˲֪Ϻү£ŮҪô̻֮أҪôת˼ΪūСòмƣ㶥С빬Ϊ澡

̾˵𲻿׵£Ҳݣʣǹô


̾һıʹĨȥᣬʵū˸үǰңˣֻϧǰȵ۵ĳݸǰź򣬲Ĵȵ۴͸յ㣬ҲǸԴģֵ˺ǧܲ裬ʱͶԾֻ˵ūõԹбηɱūǵȵڴΣʱŶ˵ϲݵʶȵۼݱҲѳ֮Уȥźȵˡ

̾˵ȻֹǹĨǳЦ

֪ݶӣΪūǲӵġ
ϸƷⷬʵѲ²⡣
ʱϻʵۼݱʱ̾Ѿźˣѳûݣֶ˸ֽţǹɣ˱Ҳñ˳ˡ

û£ʣǹýʲôձ˸Ѩ

ϡ
̾ͨһ£˿ͷ˫ַأͷẰūллūޱгʫޱޱޱֹǸǶպүǧĽŨ˶Ũ

Ǹ
ҵͷЦЦ̾ӡ

ڴʱҺȻ־ͷŮ˵УͬŮҹޣϢܶȸų򳯷ȥ

Ҳ˾ͷƤЩ飬סͻͻֱĿڡ
綼˵ִϰĹ̫ƽҹĪײɾĶˣ

ô£
üʡ

ҵסۣ쳤˲ǰƣĦҵıңǰվ乬ˣλǱȦˣ

һļУ䣿

ȥưա

ٺ½󣬴󲽳ڵĳ־ͷȥ

ɣ³ʱұߵգʹӻʺ˽

֪ΪΣϲңǶ࿪ģһģպҸú˭˭ı˭
ŵǹӺݾ·һɢˣȻҲ
żհ䵹ˣ˺ܶˣӹŴࡢϣˣ΢䣻˺ܶˣŴ븸ӣù»סЩˣ֡Ŵ񡭡

ûһС߹֣е乬ǰ

˻Ͽգľ乬ſڴʱŷĸ˾Ůʱʱ޵سࡣ
Ƽңæǰ񣬵ڹſڣֹǵֿʼ񲣬ﻹĪҪȥˣϸײ

ް
һӻ֣Įֻſһۡˡ

˵⻰ַźһǰȥ乬ڵյС׵£￴
乬Щưܣ㵹ŶϱڲԫʯرڸǣľֻʣȣϵĺᱻʴѰ䣬ԺпյϳһҰݣϸƣܷͼͷ

ʱŮסá
紩ŵǼɫӱˮݹͰ͵ģȹӣɢݻƵͷǰǱǳ
ƼҾ˵մгң²壬ʭͷȥѩճյͷ̫

ſ
żУЩĳ棬ĸø˾СרΪ𣿹ΪˣµҲˣϲУֹӣ壬ƳӣԩɱˣѽѣҵüСġ

ȻŮ˲ˣӷ·û㣬׹ϣ첲Ůץס߾ٹͷ޵ңҴˣĴˣǣȥһ谶գȻղ۰谶㵽ûĻ±ôȻָóˡ£ĴˣڼźʮķݶϣˡҰɣҵûˣȥĸͷԲס

ƼˣָϴӣƤӣ͵Ȼӿۿ
һҲ˾أҵĺȴãֻĺ޲١

ɺȻʮǰһĹǸСã˰˵Щһδ¹ҶӱƳĥʱĿ޵

ҺȻЦã㣬ϲּ

ڴʱȻ̧ͷҿ
ң࿴
빬ߵʱ㣬һţʮ꣬ô໥ŶԷ˭˵

ŲʡԹ޻е⣬ű˴ˣһԲ

סң·ȻվƿŮվӣĨȥϵĲᣬҽͷڶ󣬸߰°ͣصңЦ

ǳЦȻ

ǣ
ȻҡͷЦЦЦöᣬָң˻
û뵽㻹Ȼˣ

ǰһˡ
ҵһЦʣи߹ңҪȷһǲˣǾͿͷ㣬ô

ǡ
ңǸĨڽʲô
Цҡͷüһ֣ڡʹʹˣ˸ǧ˿.޵.ҵūζΣǲǱȱҪã

죡
Ůʧɫһסĸ첲һ֣һƴסŮ˵죬ôĵӣԪϣ
Ůʹʶ뿪죬ԼѪ֣һƴȥ㻹ҧˣ

ɷŮٴѿվֱӣֱĨȥճϵѪЦſңʣ㻰أôţ

ȻһЦͷû˵
ҵȻøƵ죬һ̫˽ͨû˼

Ů˿ʼʱЦſңԹ޺Ȼҧס´ҧѪȻб۵ң·ҿܺͲЦؼ浱Ҳ֪ǰ浱ûʱںС죿ߣ֮㱻̧ΪԪҲֻűޡ

أ
ҹһЦԽ㵱͵͵ߣСԧ֣õǰȥõЦСǵýĻָĺϵ˵ҵľģϲʲôȥɡأҵ˾ͳˣ˵кҴһ

˿ǰͦ£ݸ˼㣬ѧѧ㣬Ҳкء





137.     խˣ·ͻխ

137--

ⷬ, סŲ˵ȻˡѪɫҲ˾յνͳ, ·ȥƵ, ˿̵ҵ, һԶ, û¶Զ
Բ, ϵس̵, ֱԼŪÿ, Ż

֪ڱҾǱˮ, ֻڱҵʹޣûбķˣֻˡ

Ϊѵ˵, һһ棬βץסأ


Ŷ, Ц, Ťͷĵصңϲ̨ı, ࡢ¼Ϊں㣿㵱ɸů, ԼҲ֪, ԲŰͷ, , Ǽ˵ĳ桢.ĿʾˣռҴɴ, ҳԼ֣ͬǸͶܵ˻졣

˵䳯ķ򣬷سЦСϵױ˶ֻˣԼô֣

ֻЦЦûж죬ҲûΪԼ⡣
ߵȸᣬסָ䣬޵ˣҼԱĹŵõ³谮껳˭ٳ裿

ߣ
ȸҵĶӣЦ͵ٳ衣
Լˣص˦ӣӺȻսߺ޲ѣСʱǿʤѹһͷһ빬ߵ̫󣬾ֺԣһֶ˵ϡʮˣĥʮ꣬.ҺģҾŹ㣡

ݸû˵йá

ʮ˵һȥҲֵܹͷϣôȥԼÿռҵáĸǻȰ¸±ܸô
ѺżĽᣬ㲻˼Ҳվ£ûмʱữ⣬ʮšҼҶжĳл˵ô
ʵʮδضҶô֣ΣأݲұˣҪҸϾɱǣɻʱ֮ȷû˸۵ˣأȴ˸̡

ģխˣ·߿ô

ô˵
ýǰЩ˿תһЦǰǰȻƨҷš

ûⷬԻͷ΢ЦùʳУڵϣ̾˿һֻװʮ꣬ͽЩ㣬ôã׸ײɱ谶ͻ֢ܲܣһڶû԰ա乬ѣҪչ˺ԼӣСʳҲûʲôضǱ³ʣµĸ㣬ջųЩ

˵תߣͣ£תǸʳߣһЦˣСûȥιɣˣСøϲ

澣һ
ƴ˻

ûʳǰߡ


ȻЦ˵֣ͬǼߵúܽһ͸£걾Ǻԧ͸Ԫɣ֣˸빬ߵȵۣײ˱Ԫ˵ԪӼѣֽһ

һ⣬ͣ½Ų΢΢ͷ
¹⣬Ƽ䱻Ůסϵŭңȴǽ

ȥ걾ȷ࣬ʱ֣Ҳڸǰ˵һ졣Ǽ·С鵽ԪȴԪΪ˭Ч֣Ϊʲô淢Ǳţ
˵Ͱʾٸʵ飬ԪǱɱģǱֶ֣˭ڵģ˭վɰ˭Ʋ˾Щĸ֣ȥǿɶıļĹġѻˣ־ƽҲˣسԺúȺãǽõʱȪ·ϼ

ұⷬŪķңͷƤ飬벶ȸں֣֪Ԫ˭ˣһֱڰƱ仯յ

ǰ·ڣ
ƶ䲻ٽڸǰȴõҵĺøУ
ıֳʦһ˰Ҹǰ
䵹̨Ǽ̺Ĳѡ

ԽԽ£Ҿס񣬳䵭ȻһЦˣΪһĵ

ţ
佫ķٱڶݸǾĿԴ

֪ǲһҧʮ¾ײһӾͱŪķѡ
´ǵ֬ƽȻһЦ㼴㵽˾أСáģĪһŮģĲ̫ƫˣϴ߶Ŷӣô˵СŮͷͷһ飬۹ôȻۺӣñ㡭

˵Ȼֹ󲽳ǰȥ

Ȼ䱻ҡ̼ˣƵĺ

վס㵽ʲô˼
޵ңŮ޹ģǻϸǰΨһĹ㶯ԡ
ԬҵĶϱǸԬܷŹ㣿ҶܷŹ㣿
ˣҸˣкֻܱϣҵĺǰ



ԽԽԶʧڹ͢įҹ

ͷϵ£ﾹЩܡ
Ҳɱˣģ֪һУںĲµģǶСŮ
˵ǾɲĻ˼룬塣

һ÷ҸʱŶ걻ĺޣټάӯ䣬Һضɱĸӡ
ʱխˣû޹ֻǺ˲ҵϵˡ

ÿÿ£ľս
룬ǰѲҴŶܵչ䰵Ҳ£ĺģ

뵽ˣظŴӣص̾˿ԳһЦ
ѡ䡢֣ơ÷ԩɱҶʮˣ˼Ҷ߸齣ȴһֱɡ
ĺ£ӦûӯϣҶ

ƽô
үܱ˳ô檱㲻Ǹʲôʺ󣬾ˣҲԸ⡣

*

ûֺȸ̣һ﷢
ҹɷĸŮ߳š໶ǵýкһƬ

ҵĺܿա
֪ԺôȥӺ͹żҺˣͬʱϻѵѪҶã
ޣѻδҶã
ŴһıҶǸˣ񱻱٣ȵ۵ڣҶã
ҹ䳶֣ƣһӾͰҴˣģƲŮˣǼٵģóȻ֣ǵ֣ʲôã

żܣҸ߼ۿ𣬵ʱٳǿʢָӭӣ
ʢ˥Ҽ볯λ߹йϵֻ᲻ᱻλߣ
ɣ᲻Һ͸߼ٴδѹֻ᲻ԸżҺ÷粼ڿӣ׼ڼʮԸҸ߼ң

ң᲻³߸ң䶼磿
ôҵļأֻ᲻ܵǣﱻ裿

뻵һ㣬վڰıҺӣһ᲻

ֵ֣ķѣȻһʹƵ̥
ҲԼˣæСȣʹԳȷ磬ͼȴַƣȻӵʹԼЩ

תóɫӣƽϣִױó֧üʣѰ˼˰죬ԭдϳ£ʵʱ򣬾дѶ֡

ص̾˿д

ѣ
ڶθдˡ
ܿţ˵Ѿһˡ
ûأҲ²£ڿ޶Բԣް

Ȼдţޣȴˣҵϣο˼֡

Ҳ֪˺󣬻¼ӡһһúúչǰûֻʣˡ
빬ҿżɫ˳õľĶǣ̺ΡԺ󲻿ˣҪʱйѻܵġ
ϳȥ䡣
ǲǣҵŮˣҾȻƽûҲû侮ʯҲˣӹȥխ·˳

ҲһôѲԹ㡣
ѣżزĺ£Ҳ룬߼ԺߣԴ棿
ڻͷǰ߹·̼ǵõҪλû뵽Ѱ˵ܵķ財˳ǸӣҲ룬ҲǿɱЦý
˵ܺĽ㡢ӯһǲĵģҵһĺǡ
Ϊңȥⲹ˺ѣ̳ǽġ

ҪȰǣʥ飬á帻ҹ縡ơĵҪˣˡΪ˴֮Ƿ˴ΪҾһ棬ôô
۰㣬Ӣˡ

ǰЩӣһʮ㣬ϲʲôأƣˣҾϲɽ軨ֺÿ
ˣ쵽ˣҵȥչˣ´ͬġ

дţҳ˿ķƵʱЩ
Ҫ۵ãʱȻͣˡ

ͷ󼱴ҴҵĽŲûã˴ͷƿ˾ȻĽ㡣
Ľʱͷ󺹣ױЩˣסȸĸ첲ңô찡ǻﴫӹԾŴ뱻ٵϢԪǸ㸮̽þ£ɵһ仰˵żȥˡֳѿ£׷˳ǡĳݣʱۿɲ侮ʯ




138.  ʮǮ   

138--϶

ʵҲ, گһŴ븸ӻǸ£Ʊػܿ촫ȥû´, žżҽһ, Ҹ߼ӭ츲صı仯

ʱ򣬸߼ұý, ץסѱ

ĵ»Ƿˣ˵żȥˡ

Ӧò嶯
ĦĽĸ첲, ̧, ߿Ҫľ, ЦŰοҲ̫, ƣͷˡ

㰲οĽ, ȴȺ

㲻֪
Ľ۾Ȼˣ죬顣ɵСҲƵ, ûסżȥŸһʼһֳȥйȥ, û, ˭֪ҹﻹ, žòԾʱ, ȥŸ, ֪˸, Ÿ˵Ϊ̫, æúܣ˭пк޹ؽҪˡѰգҲ, Ҽˣûˣһʲôͷ
˭֪ϣŴͻ︮ˣЩHˣɵСӴ˸ӵ񷿣졣ŴֺҺԺúԼˣ´ٸѰɾͲһٴµġ
ʱżһ㽻ãټ϶飬ûȥۣȰҪִͣˡ
Ŵźҩֵ̽Ǹ˵ԼҲǸ֪ܵͿ¡Ҿ룬Ŵһ֪ѵԾΪʲôȥ£ԼֵܣɼҲǸαĵġ

ĽһƨҸǰǰдż۽ǵϸƷ·ˣ͵棬ѣ
ôûסءʱȥѰһ˶Ƽˣ˵˿ôãô죿

𼱱𼱡
סĽ㣬ӱ޹ȥˣҲЩȥµġû¶ģʢ裬ЩԴ˹ڦңҲϸЩ

ĽæͷѾЩüǻѾؼңȥҲﵽǳϵˣ¶࣬ҲǰͬЩ



ڳĽϣ·ннԶ
ЩţֱҹȻоЩ䣬ǽĽϣͼ̰һů

Ҳ֪˶ãͣ
ʱֻͷ󼱴ҴҽŲƺǸˡ
ִͷϥһб۳ۣǰͷŸˣѾ׷˹ȥɰү˿Ҳˣվǰ

֪ˡ
СƿȻʷʱһԡ

ӳͷϴŷ֪ǲǸ·ҲͷȺҼһ󣬵ĪȥǺĻ
˵ʷŤͷӺڰۣųʱƼ÷龹Ҳ˴Ÿվ˻ˡ֪ߵʱ򣬲ͷײ˸ûϳ÷ˣ˾ù÷ЦǸָһԶ÷鰵֧ʹӸȥˣٲһٺô򡣡

Ľⷬ÷͵͵ҾȻһҲ⣬ԪⰸҲѰ̷˾ཿô

ҷźǰŲڣƿ⿴
żسۡȻݣֻǰͥУżȣ겻ѡ
µĵѾ˰ײżмнĹԱͬŹ䣬ԶżֽǮζ

ŸſվТӣŶʮ꣬òͬŴЩ۾޵׳˺ңδ𣬿ȴų̆µİ˵ܡ
˵վͷŸҶ
ҲڴʱƼĽ򼲲ߵ˵ܸǰȰ˺һ˵ܵĸ첲˭ϱ˵һ˦

үʲô˼
żҹǰһ޵˦ӣһҧ޵רҼҵЦֻǽҸ٣ɲδôڵаæ游ɥ¡ôүĪ޶ǿޣʹĽԪҲбﱳڵĵ

˵ܵĮƳżҹӣû̨һ

վס
żҹŭ֣üǹ
㵽˽ۡ
˵żҹӱȭ帮ſŵĵԱʵλҲƼˣż游ҸӣСӶһֽ״ݵټǶټ

ˣ
ĽȻѾŭǰһ񻤺ƵĽմİ˵ܻüڵֻǵѹʳߣδѰƣһֶû˵ӵӭͷˮżüҽ̡ÿڲţٽǿˡ
ԼˣʷüŪ۵ظ˵ܰʾˣҲˣȥɣĽ㵣ġ

Ľ֣˵͵һľȻŤͷ㶵ضʷãȻ˵֣Ľ㡣

ԣ㡢û°ɡ
ʷüͷԽˣת˿æǰãѰүߡ

˵ܣͬƵģ͵ش֡
ң
ɵӶ亹Ƶ۾ɵöҪ͹Ѫ˿鲼ȻѾ췸ˡ

ҼòУҪ˹ȥ°˴ҲãϽߣĪҪֲˣԼ
˭֪ڴʱƼŸ߳ߴŵˣŴ룡
֪ǲӹ٣ΪסŮõеģһ磬˷·ʮ㣬ɫƣ촽ɣϴТϰʮֵҡ
߳Ⱥֹ˶ӵ޶ָ̨ףʷһ񣬿Цź˼䣬תԣǿֳЦ

ԭСү
Ŵ첲ͷ̾¹ٷ飬֪ãʧԶӭʷ˺Сүǧ£񷹲Ѿ׼ãλ¹ٽȥյա

Ŵ̫ˡ
ʷЦ֪æٽڵͻȥٹϴ㡣

䣬żҹӼ̵αСžҫרǼܵĲ״

죡
Ŵ۶ӣͿͨסؿڣǸȻЦȮ״ʷ˿Цˡ
˵Ŵתֱ˵ܣص̾˿оǸεᣬ˼ְ󣺡үնԹ¶һ˵ܷдΪҸ

Ŵˡ
˵͵شŴĻͷеȭͷ߬סϵڳ鴤㶵ʣҽǰ̹˺ˡ˺¡ºµ÷壬Ϳʴһ䣬ֵ壿ŲТ㣬и㣬ʱʮ꣬ǲյʬ

Ŵʱסţһʱ޷Ӧԣת˷ץסӵĸ첲̾˿һѾȥ
˭֪ڴʱ˵ܽɵؽסŴ첲ʲô˵ֻǶסŴš

Ŵ·𱻰˵ܿëˡˣŤȻ

Σ˵ɿŴĸ첲
ӻͳƱ̨ϣͳҵĺɰѹƱϣȭŸͷ񣬲˷ֲ壬ɲֵ壬ȥʲô˵ֻԸżҲǼ֡Ʊǵ׸͸ֵģɰǶʮǮʮ󸮽ӼòӣϤϣӴǷˡ

˵⻰˵šܡ

ҴסȻ֣Լ档

⿴ƼŴؿŰ˵ԶȥıӰƣ۵һЦҪʰǷƱ˭֪ûվȣ̨ϡ
˫ϣ꣬ͷյ£˫ĿᣬȻЦ



ûᣬæϳȥ׷˵ܡ
еһСʱȥұͬĽ³˴˵ȥ׷
ֺڣ·ҲߣĽֵĲҶ֪ҪٴΡ

·еͷһͣס˽Ų
ǰȥ˵ǽǣһʮĴˣʱ޵ñˡ
Ľʷǰοûˣ㣬ӵĸˣôô嶯ҲҲգ۰ӸǣǷǵˣؼҡ

۵æҪǰȥ˵ܡ
˭֪ĽסңﺬᣬҰ֣ܵû˵㡢ͱȥˣϸ㡣
˵⻰ĽСܵ˵ܸǰҲûܵǲµʺ򣬹£Ӻ滷ס˵ܣ˵ƸŰ˵ܵĿڣȰû˰ܱˣ۹ȥɨĹȥﲻܰ

~~
˵ֲܷŤ綼ضĽޣҪ˵ȴô˵Ȼָңøˣ

°
ĽĦԵأǸˣˡȥˣԺҪһšס˾ܳȥҪǳˣýô
˵ĽӽĨȥʷҩû

ˡ
ʷæӻͳɫƿӣĵ˼ҩ
ԵĿڣҩǿ.ȥֹҪ˸ˮң˵ˮҩʽȥ



һ֮Ƽˣļֱ絶Ӹۡ
Ҳ֪뿪ʮ꣬Ľʷ˶ٻ£˵ι˶ٻҩ

ǵչˣ˵Щٷֻء

һϴҹҪλһǽżܡ
˵ܾ˼ǿʢܣп־壬кޣҲԼ֪ѡ

ҳ˿ͷ¡
Ҳ֪µ꣬ϡ

ԵĲã԰ɡ



*

˵ܷĽʷͰ˵ܼȥˡһ˻ظȵҺѾʱˡ˵һռңֵһֱףſž˯ˡ

һ죬г˺ұˮ΢ϴ¾˯
˭֪ѣп鵭Ѫ
ҵʱͻˣæڵ²˱飬ѾѪˣʱ˿οԼǰۣ˼ȣŶ̥

ԭ̫ҽƣһѰ˼ֳ˶ٲҪϳҡ
ѾˣҲ鷳
ǣȸ͵͵ˣȥ밲̥ҩ˯ˣ˭֪һۣҪôϺ飬Ҫôǰ˵ܷģֹסϹ룬һϹӾۡ

治ôˣ˯ţȸСϷЩѾͷ˵Ӽ˵Ĺ£˵гЦͼתơ
Ȼ֮󣬶СħҲңذڴϣ˯ʱƼѾͷɫ¡

һ⣬ôˣ

·˫ۣǰȥѲ֪ʲôʱˡ
ʱԴɫۣ˫ֱ󣬶ߣɢŹ˵֪͸ɴڿʲô

ôˣ
·۵̫Ѩʡ

㡣
תЦųҴֻСԲʣߣ˰죬ӻͳճѪѩ㣬ڴϣ̾˿Ѫˣȸͬ˺˽ޣ޷Ĳ㣬ϵس㡣

û¡
ҡͷһЦѾˣӶ࣬ҧ϶ǰȣճϵġ

Ҳǡ
˿ߣؽҰȥȥۣ۵׷ڣǿž񣬴ͷȣ谶Ӳʣ⼸յöҲޣֻҪÿվͳ㡣

һ
غȻ˵ĻѲɣΪҿŪѪ






139.     һ

139--ͨ

ⷬν谶ʹ, öӣпһ㣬ҪޡĻ, ٿҵͳ, ƽȣһ

谶Ƕ, ҶĲǣ
谶ҪػҺͺӾͲҪˣ

һЩ, ҶӾͿʼ, òײƽ, ֿʼ
, ʮˣʱǸöЩҲվѵ, ú󹬻Ů£ѾķˣҲٸǡ

, Ѫҹϵ, , Ҳ˫ֽ, ˭أ

仰͹ˡ
ҿѲ, ץס, Ħ, ֱ, ʢģҹﻹǺģʱûд磿

û
ѵüͷ˼, ָ۾ƣ۵һ㲻̹ͣؾ͸ˣƼҲˡ
˵˯ô˸УָҵͷĴָҶߵ鷢Цʣʱȥˣ

һ⡣
˾ƿ֮£ʲô֪ҡ

·乬ʱĲҽУ͹ȥۡ
ƽͬ˵ЬǱȥ򿪹ӣͷ£ǿЦһʱЩˣ̤̤ʵʵ˯һա

ˡ
޿һ㣬ߡ
˵⻰Цϴ˷䣬䣬Ի󱯴˲ע⣬ײɱˡ

ˣ
ҵʱסذϣû

ǵûС
Ѻصұ𣺡˾˵ֻͷ˸Ѫ˰ˣ޲Ųô˵ˡ
ȻЦʣ㾿˵ʲôˣôͰ̼־ٶ

Ҳû˵ʲô
ŵع񣬷źתسǱȥ
ҴӲóƿʳǾޱ¶״ɱﵹЩˮ忪ˣˮ˼׷ۣЦǱ߶ˣ˲õĶԻ

˭֪Ұڰָ֣·ǰСԲʣʾ¡

򴽵һЦץס£˫ȷֿôڿţ㡣

˿ˮζʱڿԻЩǽЦĲ𣿡

ȣԼȰա
ȣ˹ҡСȣЦʣǲ谶̼ˣ

ֻо󣬻ڡ

š
Ҿװ׵سϣú˵
֪˵ģǷ
ֻо෢ɣҲ֪ôˣͷһᣬȻ͵ˡҵͷ΢ЦָΎȥŶ̹ϣҾǼضŮͷߵʱ˵˾ɲĻĶûģҿƽ췢ġ

ԽԽҽյϣ첲ش£ƳϣͷԽʹĺӣҲģҸҪ£ǣѾͷײң˵ѿץǲϲҲھ˶˼

š
ѵ
·Լ̬Ȳ̫ãѳ̾˿ҽͣҲרΪ㣬Ǹͨ͸ˣӦ֪һһһһж˿ԼûǸ˼ͻݲϵŮ

˭ǰŪǷˣ
ҵʱˣæʡ

⵹ûУ޾Ǵȷ
ֽ΢˵ѷƽЦˣ˵Щˣû˼ġҲϵǷĻ޽ǰ֣ϸϸʻȵ۵ȷϲ֣ŮĻţ޻Ϊù˸ݼ̫󡣵Ҳ޶䷢ĹûԪûνʹԪ֮˵

š
ŵͷָ϶ӣĦ

ô롣
ִԼļͷº͵һ£ô֣׷ŹͲƽƽء
˵ѽȶ崲ϣ󲽳ߣ§ڻֿסҵͷҵĲСϣϸ֪Դ֪Լ˫ӺһֱǣĪҪ£ǰû˻Ƶġ

ġ
˿ϵСƺͲһж¡
ĸͼ֮϶Ǹ쳤ؾõ⣬˵Һѽ໥̹׹ͨܽģɣҶԶԶģ뱲ӾһֲǶԶŮٸԼҶ£Ҳѷġ
ȥ˯һɡ
̧ۣ§ס°͵Сϣգۣˣһʱòã

á
ָҵıб۳Ǳȥȥ£̹̹˯һ

š
Ҹ첲󲽳ȥ
˭֪ûȻվס

͵һæתȻɫ䡣

ôˣ
Сʡ
Ų˵ĺúõģôȻͷˡ

𶯡
ƶ׼ң۾סҵĺͷ
ƨɺͷôпѪ
Ѽ׵ϣսˣץסҵϸϸ

ҳ򡣡
ұⷬٶŪûëæŤתȥ
־ٴνŰסæҵ㣬ҲѣͷһȻмһСߣҵȸҲѪ
æ񣬴óźɫĶӶǶڵ²˲һƣҲһѪ˿

ҵʱ˿ЦģѾȹ̥ҩˣϹƾС

ʲô
ֽ߬סҵ㣬˲վתŭȣްѸص̫ҽȥٿӱ޽ų

ұּɫһҡͷЦ̾˿źߵǰקСӣôţһʱҲѪ󻹲ƽѶˡ

㻹ޣ
͵šңֻ㣬ˣ˵ȱҧˣָӳѪ

ⲻ㵣
ЦЦһůοû¶

˭
ѺȻץסҵ˫磬սң۾Ȼͺˣɱ֡
ǲ˸ҩˣţʲôʱʼѪģǼ֣ƣ
ѵҵļʹˣĺɺͺԽأʣûвߵֹвԾģø˾飡ԣ˾ţ޽ȥ飡޵Ҫ˭Һ㡣

ˡ
ѧĽƸȥĿڣ£ģû¶
ָ̧֣üͷȻסϣͬһɽϣֵúܣղŻҲˡ

⻳ˡҸ˵ʵȣټ£̫󣬽ؼҵʱҰ˵ܳ嶯֮ȥѰżҵĻģĽȥżҡ
ҰԼĲ¶Сʣ˵û侮ʯˣɿֲַĽ㻳ޣҲܣϲ֮¾Ͷ̥

Ŷӣɲܺ˼밡
ѽ§סңޡҵļ

ְ֪ص˷

š
СƵĳҺþûˣаˡ֪Ҫ谶ϰ㻹кܶҪϳ£ûңʱʱ̸̿ԼҪ£鷳ɡҾˣҰ

ѽǸɵӡ
˾䣬ң崲ǱŲȥҸ˱ӣȻҵĴɱ߰˷֣Цǧ£޾ˡ

ߡ
һЦ̧ۣסĲӣɵöһҾͺúõġ

á
Ѻͷסҵıҡ̫ҽ˺ףôᰲġ˵㻹Ҫʲô޶쵽

ҲûʲôҪġ
ô˸УԷˣĽЩٲҪӯסЩӣǰиڣҲ̫Ļš

˵ҳȻһЦҲ֪Ǹ˹䣬ѽͱвˣĪҪѿòãʵһǺܺģҲҵģ㲻ܺ˾˵ġǱĵŪķѣ밲̥ƽ

á
ѵͷҸǰĨ׽͸Ĺ죬űӸҵĶӣ˯̫ҽˣ޽㡣





140.  С޲   С޲

140--С޲

û, ϾʹҴҸλ̫ҽһһ˵޴, ̫, Īۣ뾲, ȣʳҲ嵭Щ, 

ѿҳ˰̥ҩ, ˯, ŵ뿪



΢, һ͸ɴսĵĴڰϵ⺣ϡ
ͷ˺ЩѾͷ, Ȳص, żһѹǳ⣺

ԺϾͱ϶ˣռɿ, ֮á
, ǶҪЩ, ￴Ц, Ƕɵ, ȥЩٺϲƿ, ٺˡ

ԭ̤̤ʵʵ˯һ, ѹźö£ȥ˯ţ, ŵǱߣӳֽº׼𾭾ģ֪ԽԽҡ

Ȼϳ¡
ҴһߵڣһˣϳµĻܻᾲģָ

˼Ҷɾֽպīд

´磺
ɺãϻֵܻɻ˳ĺȬ
Ůӯڳһжã˵ؾ󣬾ͻλԺɾǺˡ

磬Сý硣
ǰдţʱ͢󹬺Ȼ츲صı仯ֻܾ䣬ʱ٣¹ٸ

ұϸ˼Ƭ̣ѧʿһд£д˼빬ߵʱ͹ܵ£дʱҿ٩٩̸֮¡
ȻҽϺȫϸд£ӱСʼٵ˾Լ÷˳ҽĲƹܣͬǷԻȫд¡

֪Ѿдʮҳ

˿裬ͼƽ±ʣд

´磬ֶЩ޴ˡ
ͷһ֮ս˫ӶѲ檲֪ԼܲƽǲѣúȥδӣҲ֪ܲݵĶ塣
һ̶檺֣Ĺϵ˵ֻµˡ˵·οĪҪǷӵĻϣԾĵϻ֣ϰж檲
ŴȥͨУĻǸɲ⣬檾֮סˣڲë֮ءΪܸҲܱűնݳ簵ˣŴһһһ춯ɱ֮һ˳е

ֽ̲ԣڳȴš
顣

дúҳ˿ۺúݷѴľϻתβϴЪ



*

˯һ죬ͷƫʱ

̫ȣұ˽齺ͰںɻĵͤУȥͻɢġ

ʱϼ죬ϼӡڳеˮϣˮһȦȦƲصĺɻţзаףϯ԰ӡ

ʱϣϸ˱̺ǰİϰ˹̡㻹ķıԼһ˲ᡣ

ཿ˽¥кӵ˱ˣҲġ

˻ˣ·ĲŤͷ԰Ǳȥʮӥ׽СȸӥСȥץЩСѾͷС̫࡭˵ÿЦֻС첲ʱ·衣

ȻСʲôƵģżسҿŤֺСӣȸѿµغõõõسͤ͵˵ߣգźĴ۾ҡ

أûߡ
ḧŶӺСԴݸ
СһûңˣؿңҲҪʱʱȷһڡ
۲ѽ
ҽ˱ڶϣӲϵȺ̫ȣҾֻֻĶǶúãԽ껭ϵɢͯӣ̲ס׼ڡ

ۡ
˹ƵҡͷץסӣԹԵɵ࣬С֣Ȼָͷָ˱ͷңʣʲô

˱
§סӣ˱ָ¼һ̣Ǿ¥˺ܺóԵķǶӶأֲܰ׸ǳԣǵǮ򡣱һƼֵһͭ壬ôֵٸͭأ

¶Сָͷһ

ϲͭ壬ҶӾǴ

ҿѽЦת§סҵĲӣҵ°ͣί죬Сžžشҵ᲻ãǺСư࣬ٿʣҪСľͷ

׵ȻҪˡ
˿ĶͷȥǺСľͷ˵״ˣµıֻҪ˵ˣͻ׳ȥԲԣ׻Ҳ͵͵ˡ

˵䣬ֻһ嶣ӲԶ

ҲһŻŮӡ
ǰͷǸʮˣʤѩòޱˣӯ䣬īɫĿɴ£֧һױü˻ӣж粽԰￪ǧ죬ҲһһЦ

ֻﱧŸСŮѩ׿ɰɫӣشһС


һӯ䣬ķƵʱһɨ⣬æ

𡣡
ӯûĽ̫񣬾ֱߣ˫ֽҰ£´ңĿϣüǰżһأ˵˵ģôˣɫҲãӲôҸּ˵ҪʰЩЩʱסӣʲôôҽɩ˵һ죬żǸ׸ûˣλҲˣ

㡣
ҡͷһЦָŷʹ̫ѨһͰȰȰ˵ô࣬Ҵľأ

ǾͲˡ
ӯĦҵĸ첲ЦҶЩҲû£ǵ㣬ôˣ


ЦſοˣԲȥ

ˣо
ӯбۿֻŮգЦһʱҲһڶԲ¡Ҿ³㰮ԵϷˡ

á
СԴ壺С̰Ŷòˣ

ɬһЦС̣ͷҵļ
ȻСµأõõܵǸյĸǰקסֵȹҡָգãСľͷ档

ǲá
ӯһЦӸմѾͷ㡣

ʱĸСշڵϣȻµطµúܣģֱĸϿСƿ죺߿ѽ

룬Ӵһһ̣һ۵һֺɰرۡ

ȻƼҼɵСôǰסգż۵˿Ů
ձŵˣ۵һˡ
һ㶣СĦյĵתõõܵߣšֻѣּҴҵܵոǰѵݸգɷнµغ壺ޣѡ

տѣȻͿˣСִߣһЦ̵ʱǳǳУҲǰȥžߴ˿лл硣

С˵ľٶֺͤѾͷǶЦˡ
ڴЦӻ֣Ǵȥ԰ȥ

˶ºӯһЦְֻѣҵݹѶϷȤ˲ˣСС;ͻֺùҲ֪жǧҪأͺҼѾͷ磬Ҳ

ҲϷЦҪŮ׼ң

ޡ
ӯ使˿ڣͽָ£ҰĦ׵ĽźСȣЦССɸʲҴ塣

ҰؿһѾͷʣ˰ɣ˵λ

Ѿˣ»ؾ
ӯƸģЦλʲôҵ⣬ƽͺá

˵ӯ۾ȻˣʵҲǰһ·಻ףҶǸǿĵģʼұѰڹѣ϶˲ίŶ̥ԲȻʮߵ׷ʲô£ɱȶԹȥţ꣬Ҳͷʹ
źѷϣͳʸ֮ģĶŮضΪУЩŮһƵģǰǣҪôմıǰ̣Ҫô㣬Ԫλȥ붼¡˵Ͷú̥Եʲô룬˭㣬Ҿʮٱ㱨

á
س˿۽Ƿȡ
ãѾͷʮͬͨǶҡ

ҿ˿ǶԶŵϷӯЦһ£ɡЩ̫˼ڡ

˵
ӯЦһ쵽

˿СǸҴĴཿȥᣬȱ㸸סүⳡϵĸ̳ܸܲдţཿ֪̫ΪѵĻ

԰
ӯһڴӦˣĨƲƲ죺û˵ˣŲţֻҪ϶͹ƵİҰ£Ҿ͸дš

Ҳù̫ˡ
Ħı̾˿

ûף
ӯ޵˦ӣȻһЦ§סңѽûеҲûи磬Ԭұ˵ҺãɵšⱲֻһˣҪúõģǧ£ȻĻġ

İɡ
ıãѹ˵˽»ϳд˷ţһЩ£κθĿ̫࣬ӽҲãûͳȥҰŰеݸཿܣȥֽϳ¡





141.     С


141--

º

ֵѽ, ˬǺȾջơǡʳзĺӡ

֪ϺѾȥ, һҲоŸˡ֮ڽ, ҵĶҲʼ´, ԽԵøޱȣʵЩˡ

֮ǰһ֣ıҺͺӵƽ, ô, Ҳûκ춯, ֣
˵һ, ԽСģƽҲó, ǰ˽°Ѵһ񣬶屧Ϊɣٲҷκ

µǸŴ, 길׺󣬾ЯСԶȥ, ˵һ, ·ˮ, ˳ز, ϡȥݺҲЩĻ, ², ÿջ, ͬŽΡ
ТδȢ檣ò뵱ؾ¥һĵ.Ů, ΪˣûͬҲûᣬ˵ȳТң˭Ҳ֪ҪȢ˭˲²⣬Ǹ.Ůˡ

֮ǰʶŴȫͬҲ֪ǹ˴̼ʧ⡣

ԭϳ°ҶˣǰԶȥཿţ˵ڱһжãӪ͵ٺͳְִ˲Ϊ֮¥з̵ʱ򣬸ǵõ򸾵İһж˳
ǳ¼ҷ˼ҵ£ͷһǳϻһСŮزۣ檻аأҲС
һϳ£ĺ֪زˡ

ϳ½زۺֿȥŵĴǱʹԼСԺ˭ԸҲκ¡

ˣҲǿѣ˷ݺȥһ򰲸ϳ£Աҵİ˼



Ǿ³ڣڹоٰ磬˹ӹ˱ɽׯĺ̫סʹԼƷϵسȥ硣

ʢգۼ͹ȥ

⾫Ē˷ϲ٣˾µľױԶɽüϿӣʱǰ˹

ҲһˣһһͷˣСģҲԽΣȻᱳʫˣϲѰֱ֣ף˵жӱһպسɴ

Ҹ˽¾˿ʼۣ±ضΪ̫ӡ

һֵֻŲ˱飬ȫʮȥȥ˵˭ٸҺķ鴢顣

ⷬΣʱ徻˲١

ǣѵȷƫĸӣ˾ʽ΢治£ض谣Ӷһ
ʵʲѷӺ谡
ⲻϸΪȥѡۡǰѾʼӪˣ˵ˣ谶Сڹסţȹٰȥ



ͷꡣ

ҸٱŵǻƵڼɽ֮ϵĻ֮ڽҶ߶˵ʱ

ʱʹ֮۵ףи˾ջشϯá
Ťͷ󿴣ĸʱ˵ָŷܡ߸

ס
ֻС첲ңʣҪȥѽ

ʵأָͷСЦǽҪȥǵ׸̹ʫ𣿡

ǵá
û룬ѿھͱңֵ֪ܵǸߴһˡ

ѽСľͷ
ҳĴָƼˮæӰ
˭֪СӸ첲ȻǰߣŤͷҵ硣

һæ˳ָķȥ
ʱӻ԰ӵļɽ߳ӣΪ׵Ǹʮ꣬谣ŸС̫࣬Ÿܣ϶ֻͨѩ׵ĺġ

Ի˼˷īɫۣڱŶǻģüȻŲģȴǿֳĨЦб۳С̫࣬ʣ̻ôʱڱ¸ǰ󡣡

İүƺÿ
С̫üɫسĴڡ

Ȼѧ˵ʥʥ

ƼˣҡͷǳЦԭŪôȤȥ׻ġ

ȻǰųСС

һ㶣ЦͷһƣȸֵҲЦ

Ҳû⣬׼뿪
˭֪ڴʱҿ͵ͣסŲɫüŤС̫ġ
С̫ŵͨһڵأæļӷڵϣҿԼ⣬ſģүүͷū˵֪ſڣūˣСû뵽ѧȥ

˶
谷ߺ޵С̫ӣŭ˿ڵĶҲҔJ£ڱ¸ǰ˹£˸ӣȻ뺦£
˵䣬ҿ˷ûˣûСֻ̫ýߣֻ谶ݺݵصģ߹ȥָظĵԲĹĵͷȻһץסĵӣһץסĵͷͷš

ʶȥۣȸ綼鰴סúӿ

ҽǰ¿ȥʱ谰ĵͷС̫ǰָмгӣ˹زѪ֣Į°ͷˡ
Сֲ̫ΡΡĵͷ˭֪ĺȻ£С̫˲䶶ɸģүү

ԣ
谵

ʵڿȥԭС̫ࡣ
תһ룬谷Ƽף߳ŭ˿ôãС֮ǰû׸ǰߺݲתͷȥҺ״ҿɳԲ

˰ˣ߸˸磬ǲµĺá

뵽ˣæתҪʾ˵ȾͷĽ⣬˭֪ºȻС̫ྪȵĺԪūūߵﰲ

ºˣ㶼㲻ˡ

Ƶת¿ͷҡ
꿴ҵʱرƽȴԺŹԹȻЦˣҼһ񣬻ѪӣʰԭԪܰʧˡ

ݸָ˰ѣĿܿĵʬ壬ЦӣһӣæŴȥ£үүæ㲻ˡ

ϣСһﶼһˣӰ
ҡͷһЦ첲ǰȥ΢΢ˣԪϽϴգʻҪȺǸߡȾջأĪҪ˼ʱ

á΢Цŵͷ󲽳ǰߣ֣ûණա

û
ֽ߼ǰסҵĸ첲æÿȸѾͷʱסû
ԼˣĦҵıյҶߣܾˣǰūźµʱŵĴǸº֮ˣվƼ¶̼̫ԺǧҪСģ⺢ӻɱȴҪµöࡣ

š
üͷǲۻȥҪӽԼˣԺ̣ߣű³

һδ˵꣬ȻƼǰĹսǴ߳ݸ꣬谡

ϡ
ұСŵʶֻסӡ
Ҷ˶Цүôˣɲ򰡡

רߵԪġ
˵͹£ظҿ˸ͷЦ򰲡

ү
˰谣Ѹֽ˸
ֻ⣬ӵǰЦԭͬү˵ӻֻ֮ھǰȻһʹǲڴ˵ͣˣү¡

Թţδ
·û˵㣬ͷңºЦղŵ֪ԪĸôȲϵġʶڸʸǰƾԪΪ̺󡭡

ʲô
ҲüС²Ҫ°
ү˰޲޵£ʵڲйϣ
װʹ࣬סӣˣ죬ʵڲʡ

Ҳ˵һ䣬谽ž͸Ԫﵱ˻ʺ󣬿ɷŹ𣿡

ԽԽŨСӹȻҡ

ҼװΡĶվסš
˭֪谱Ҹ족һ·ֲַˣʼں۾û磬ҲòҰף٣˵һڵϣţҲ˼צ״ƴңȡ

֪СӶװģҵȥʩȣ˸ôҵĴ
ڴʱ۵˿Ѫ־Ҳʼ壬һһŵġ
Ҳ˲Щɻ䣬æֵȥСڣ˽Ͻġѩȥͬʱ˸Ͻȥ̫ҽѡ

ĵùôһ£
ҽôţҲСӷҧһڡ



*

ֵ͸ڴѩչ谣ǧ̡үȶܸԳԶһе̫ҽͱ˵

Ϊ˱ӣûн˰ķΣԺĵԡ
̫ûұȸС̫ǴԺ׽棬ԸȸЦһ˵ľͺá

磬紵Ҳ˸оϺġ

̲ס˸£˫ۣһкȻϮֿʼ˼룬淸ˣǹݺңĿ游ײɱ׶ĸ׵ЩԻ϶װˡ

⺢Ӻڲһ

ʱƴűǰ̵ΣգҹȥĽ䣬źΪĸ飬أŴȫ֮ģϺ󰸸շʱͷεӴժ˳ȥȥȥǼ顣

û´ż綼̹ʱǧðͷ㱣סˣǾڴա

ôܸо⺢ЩųⷽԶԶȲڡ

䣬һ󼱴ҴҵĽŲӸ⴫̧һƣѴλˡ̫໹̫ҽԺԺжˡ
æҪ
·ܼҴҿһۣʲôû˵ֱȥ

ЩˣԴڣδҡ

˼ҵĳλ˼һ£⡣

ȸץסӷ֣ѵȥ
ѩǰסȵ۵ĳݣգõ߻ǳϵĽ¯ȼųˮ㣬һ˾ڰβߣԵͷۣҸ˵

Ѿˣģ۾ţ΢̫ҽԺԺжٴʱڰβߵĽŵϣüһԵĵСԲϣĨǣʣ

ˣ谶û°ɣ

תѼһ񣬳µѾƽˣȻӦ̫µģ·ģһҩµͺá

⻰ҵʱ˿
ҷźǰᰴסļĪģ̫ҽ˵û¡

˭֪ѺȻתͷһۣȻѹƢ̾˿ְסҵ֣ͷ㣬˽¼谶ôˣﶼȻȥգЩʱ㡣

š
סܣǿЦҴȳˡ

˵⻰Ҿ׼ߡ

ϾڴʱƼŴڵıҵزѣʣԪģǶҪͬ˵ġ
ּˣڴȭͷĿڣһ˴Ź£µذ󣺡ĸծӳԸܾǧ֮࣬ԪŹգС£֮ǰŹ𣬸һ·ɡ

谵ۿɼﺬ˵ȫһεˣץס׵ѣ޵Ҫˣ󸸻áԪﵱ̺󣬷Ź

û뵽һʮĵĺӾȻݻ˵
ȻҵĶ͵س鴤£ʹǿĸо
סǿЦү⻰ɷˡ

˵ˣ
ѳҺ
һۣæס谣Ħӣ˼ˣĴ㣬еڣû˻˺ģúӣ°

֪ѲǸͿ֮ˣ˵ǰοһ˵ĺӣңǻȫȫ˵塣ñ죬ʲô˵ΪԽ˵Խҡ
뵽ˣҸֵʹ˸ɫǱ뿪ɺȻɵСȭͷ߬𣬻ŭĻС۸Сľͷף

û뵽ҶӾ谱С̫ͷû뵽ɵСΪάңǾѧˡ

£ݳ檳飬治ǳ檽̵İ
Ҽˣæ͡

һվص˦ӣָ⣺ӣ




142.     ߺųˣ

142--


ദ, ӣֹͻҲ޹, Ӳδ˵֡

֪, ҺȻ䣬Ź˶, Ҿͱ

ҵͷһϲҲ²ȥ, ̧, ʱŭصҡ
, ǿֳЦ, ϥ˸
һɫԻ, ɻ鴤ķ·ʢˣʲôû˵, ˼֣ʾҸϽߡ

ǳ͸ˡ

ٴθһ, ֺȸ˿첽߳ѩ
ʵ, ҺܲϲǰԳƳ, һЩҪû취, ҿ϶ŹԳ, ˲Ը, ͷһ⡣

ôôίء



ѩ, ҶӵʹҲ࣬ǲʺϲμˣұȥ̧, ׼

ֳźȸֲţƾĳ֣ʱʱһйŮžջ辭ظʰ

Ĳоջꡣ

ίˡ
Ħҵĸ첲ŤͷúŮ̫ǽŲЩ̫̾˿ѹȰū˵ʵǵӹ⼿˭͸أƵģֻǷŻӲһżͬ׽ߺ£ͨںЩ

š
ұͷᣬǿסᣬȻһЦ˵ҲƵĺôˣ
û˵ȥ˿̾о仰ҼбľСϣοʼң˵˼˭֢ڱԸԸҽܵίûʲôֻϣպҵĺһˮƽͺá

ԼˣŤͷۺСӻﱧİСľ˸߲ҵظﱳѧʫȫ˸ղŻŭظ״


ֻоͷʹý̲סԹǺԹңպָҪôĸӣϣܺúùܽǷǶԴ

ٴۣսңαص֮ܽ£˼бºԬ๫ģūһ֪ǷŴģ

ѩ󡣡
üͷ΢壺˵ȵ۳ǰס

Ťͷ֣⸾˴ʱ򾲡
˴뱲ӣ̹λʵۣҸһʼһǺѵӣ͹ܽһȴѾͷ֮ȨʷҵĴ̫̫£Ƽжȣǰ̷

ǹˣʶ㣬ָһ

ɷūˡ
ٴ˷ȷͷĹԶŵòiȵ۶ޱȵĳ谮ƫĶ䣬ūǵʮϾͱȵ۷Ϊȵƫĺ̳˽ĽҰģ̫ᴢλͷȵ񰮽һ漰λ󻹲ʹɱӡūԺý£ղ̶Դһֻ޹Ǹ壬ŤѰˡͼԣһԲΪȱ׹󣬻ġ

ģ涮
ҷסֵ֣صĦЦһأ˽ҷһ˵Ĵնʢ۸ûĺӣʱԽԽûûд
˵Ҷ˶٣֣ЩʣȻظˣѩԭί߱¡

ǡ
æ׵ͷġ



*

绹̿Ȼܲ

ҳģҴʱģʧúܡ

ڷֵĽϣֵѽڣ˼꣬һʫĺӡ

˫ֱˣ첲ڳϣ·Ե̻𳤰ȸʱǰߣ龫ץӶ棬ˡشȸ֦조ߡ·ȸôˣһСӡ

ס
ְסڣҡҡλεվ𣬳СץסҼСľͷ

ԣȥȸ
ҰӽY˒YСƨɣڲ̫Ĳܸˣ

á
СĨʧ׼ߣ·ʲôƵģֻСסȻɿһЦ~

֪ڶЦèè
ҲѧƵסȻ󳷿գ۶Ц~~

ﱧ
ҽڻص˿۵˲¡
ĺӣϵµ⣬ôСάңҲˣҡ

ҷСԴѭѭգǶĺúӣԺ˵໰磬װͰ͵òã

ƶǶصͷ

һ׵ķʽԺҲСòãﲻϲ

С֣࣬ίͰ͵صͷҵľͷˣﲻ޲ޡ

ԣĺñ
СȻһҿˣ

ָָⴥһƬôȻͿء

Ȼֿʼʹ
ȭͷ߬סæȸȥȥ뵽Ҳ̫

ôˣ
ȸҸǰӲ߷סңŵҪôɻӰֶ̥ôūȥ̫ҽ

ʲô̫ҽ
ұŪķҪǶųϣ˭ŵģϽȥ

Ǹ
ȸ㣬µġ

ôˣ
һץסȸĸ첲ŵʱ˼֣Ҳ֮˼֣ʣϳʲôˣ

ȸǿֳЦܳʲô°ʹ̰ǰˤһӣԲڴأūҾź̫ҽǰҲΪιҽġ

ûҸǰ˵ѡ
ϵЩȸóʹѾͷ۵

ū˵ľʵ
ȸţĨ

С
Ҷ˿ƽʹͷȥżƣ϶Ա֮ǻĶˣ˼Ҳʣȥ̽˼ҵġ

Ǳȥ˰ɣūˡ
ȸѾ˿ǻץסҵĸ첲

𿪡
һƿȸҪ˵ʵֻԼȥ

˻ˣ
ȸ֮£ѿڶ
˵⻰Ѿͷͺˣæס졣

ô£
Ҹˣ͵ץסȸ˫磬Ѿͷֱңʣϵ׷ʲôˣ˵

ǡǡ
ȸ۾ˣ޵ǰնϳ񣬺ö˶ڽϣ֪Ķڳƥֱȥͽ˸Щһֱšֻ֪ϣΪ˿ģֻ˵˷纮


ҵʱסŵĿ
⻹Ϊʲôʱ򲻳£ƫƫҪһһ³¡
ҲʱǷ񶾿Цֻˡ
Ϊң˺ô


ȸǰҡŵСҰףʣô

ʲô
Һ޵ȭͷݺݵ򳵱ڣŵʧͳִ磬ŭĸûҸӣڣĸ˸Ҫ˼ͣܵס̤죬ͷҪȥ̽үӣ

ĪҪżעԼġ
ȸæתóƤҺԴɱҧӣסѹеʱһԼȹЩѾͷҵʵūĴ˵ģиūһӵ

ҽӹȸеıӣס˺üڶ̾˿ҲǱұƵģްҪȥƶϣ跨֪ͨӣֶζ࣬ܲ鵽˭ҵҪ˭ͷ򣡡

ЩңҾȻź˵ֻ
æȥСߣָȹǻСưȥȻͷЦﲻԣඡ



Ҵ󾪣æ¿ȥƨɵµȹȻʪ
ơˮ


ȸƼˣŵæңһſҸǰһ˿ϳ
ˣ㣬㣬
ȸѾ״ˣô찡

û£š
ְסȸļסһʹˮˣӦҪˡظ׼ýʲ˽֪֣ͨ࣬Ͻԣȥ︮Ľ찡

ƴ⻰ʹƵ콫˺ѡ
·ŵˣͰ͵ؿң۵һͿˡ

ûû¡
§סӣĦıСľͷŵ˰²¡

ţ
סޣվסҵĲӣСԴ˿ңοңСľͷײޡ

ãﲻޡ
ұۣҪء
ΪҵҲóȥ



*

ҹĻ٣ڶֵ˼䡣

̫ˣѾôؼҵģǱ˭̧صģôѵġ
ܿǣʱڿϣϸŽԢ⼪İٺϡͭǮ¹ſţ֣ұĽ㡣

ѾͷˣסŬһѾ

˿ҪҲ֪أȻ빬ʱš֪ĵͷѪܵģ統ֶ½ݣĮǸ֣һϱ̤ˣ֪

Ҫ
¶Ҫʱ֣

ҺȻйˣʹʱŴʮ

ϣȥˣʹѾøϽ

Լһ⾲ģطԼϡȫǺˮ
ʱĽһץסҵ֣д˽סָҵ˱̲裬ιҺȥοң°нǰأܾ

㣬Һ۰
ͬһʧȥǵĺӣ£㣬£ǲҪˡ

ȻӴصĴѳȵͽȻ𣺡˵ɵǰˣ°

ŤͷԹ޵صɴ˵
ٴ˿ƴ

˳ˣӳˡ

˿ʱͷƤÿⶼۡ
ţӤĿãˡ

ʱͷѵȻЩЩˣЩţ̰ټһޡĶ˵ˣ

ܣϴʱҸǰš

ˡ

Ҳ˲Թֺ˼׼ܾ˭֪ʵƣۣ᲻

͵ǰϿģ˫ΣգǴѲǵڶ
УҸʬɽѪۏᱻΣŵ
뵽þȫоͷҪѿˣֻоʲôﻬ˳ӦǰС˰ɡ

ҲڴʱﴫҵĽŲŤͷһѡ
ɫ멣ñӺѱˮ͸ˣͬ㣬糺һƬ۾Ҳͨ죬æҵؽ멺ñӳȥ֣

ҳһЦ
ݸ˿

Ȼ´ֽ־ף߻ôû

ʲô
Ҳ֪Լ͵̧۳ǰȥոµСѾֱŲϴȥˣʲŽС߳.رֱţӷ죬èСһ

ˣ

ǰһڣصص
ֻоʲôˣӾֵļУ졢̫ҽ´ˣ

죿
Ѫˣ

ֻоеڶ߻
ȻһӤţǸ־ϲ߻ˣˣֻˣ

ˣ
ˣûЦ۵ĸоûУǰںģκˡ
ģ䣬ҷ·մŭˣ֪ڸ˭Ƣ
ƴȫֲۣ֪ʲôʱ򾹹һӵˣſߣرŭֺر£ôݶˣȻô˸ǰᣬˡ

ַĦҵң

Żްۿް

ҲŲ뿴㡣
ҸоԽԽģȻҲģƴ˵±͸ˡ





143.  ʧ   Ϊʲô

143--ʧ

˵⻰, ̧ۣѡ
Ժ䣬ҿϺʹ֮ɫ
ʱ, ԱߵĽеҸǰ, ᣬ綼ʪ, սҸǰֿסҵĲ, Ȼ, ǼһŶҴ, еࡣ

˵ʲôɵ
Ľҵ, ų⣺ʲôˣ㻹ȥĶû°, ӶƽԺӻᡭ

棬ĽԽԽԶ, ·ͷؾˡ

ǰһƬ, ҸоϷ䡣
ģ, ҷ·𿴵, źȹ, , , ɾ, ʱ׺ڰӶ棬ҹ, һ껪ʱ鶯ࣺ

ѽһ塣

ѽ
æӦˣıӭȥ
طԼ࣬һʮָ˳ֲۣڶ֫Ҳϸƽ̹ӡ
ͷ䣬ҷֵһˮҰƣˮеӳһʮѽ۵հ˿Ƕļ˫δȾ͸ⲻʮʱô

Ȼǰһ˫ɫɽ軨Ь
ͷȥ֣Ц߰ȥĸ͸ȥǿˡ

̧֣Ȼһ⣬͵վѸˣ֣вУҸӣûǵأҲܸߣ

˵⻰תͳĵطܣ˭֪֪ʲôˣֱͦͦˤȥۿžҪŵأһţȻ͸ˣԭǳΡ

Ҳ֪Լ˶ãֻоͷκģϲþˣֻת鳯ȥʱҸŽڿϣɴȫȫҹĺΧֻص˼յƣ࣬ۺᱧǰֳסͷЩңֱп˵Ѫߡ

ݡ
뺰ɷԼûС

ָƤس˿ش£Ťͷҿ
ˣһ㶣תһϲһ۾ر죬ǵӿգƺݺݵ˿ĭյҸǰЩ˻ƣ

š
Ӧ۽ǻ£ͷ쬵ġ

ҸҪ˵Ϸ䣬ͱˡ
ѽŵ´ңסҵĲʲѣԲס޵Ĵ޲ģó㺰

ûɣȻڵǸ
ǿӼѣָԭί侲ϸ룬ǿƫŤˣ

Ҫ˵ˡ
˭֪Ȼƽ£ֺƵЦ޹ڹ㿴
˵⻰ˣӳ߹ȦȻֹˣңȻ棬ȴЦ꣺ֹˡ


ұⷬŪһЦ˭֪ǣ˵µ˿ڣоʲô
ˣ˯
֪ѺȻᰴסҵ˫磬Щ޷Ϊɡ

ʲô
Σ̽ʲô
ǰʱ谷źΪ̺ǲǿҸҲҽͣǲ̽ǲΪӾǸλӣ
أϦҹΪ˵çײ֮ºָ


ҡͷܿȷؾܾʺҡҲ뵱ڶ䣬ŹҰɡ

ԸеӺȻʼһȥᣬӾҲ·ڼѹʹ࣬ʣǲʺڹ֮ʹϲϲ

ôˡ
ƣ۵ýۣ뿴

˯
ѵŵúܣòãޣҪʲô

Ҫʲô
仰С¥μʱʹͼ⣬̽ģ㻹ʹΡ
Լò̫ԣԾҲԾ

һ״ĿֻŴĵ̼ǵС߸ʱһŵúûʱҾ´ˡٺҾͻȥˡ

Ҳ룬µúܡ

أ챧ҿ
ϺȻ˹ɾʱƼϵĵյ£һ䰵Ҫյͷˡ
Ｑһץסѵ½Ӿ̧˼磺ûҪӡ

̫ҽΡ
ң𼱣κٿӡ

޸Ũˣ϶˶ˣʲô

ɿ½󣬸ֵڿϡ

ƼˣæŤͷķȵȥɱЩ


ҿ޵

Ҳ
Ĩ˰ᣬתӿ϶װ˺ںҩ֭ӵ룬һֱڷ·Ϊ˰ҵģҧסɳ壬ҨһСҩ͵ߣ壺죬ҩ˾ûˡ

ҺһСڣͷƲһߣ̫ˡ

ҩڡ
ιһף߶߶ȰȸǼ澶죬ˣģѾ˽̧˸ϣ̫ҽԺ˺Ѿˣܸ룬ָܻܿˡ

Ρ
һЦϱҵ㰡

ڴʱһҼҴҵĽŲûһڼӱ˴ͷһӿöˣֻﱧŸСӤﻳﱧһĽ㱧󱦱˯ˣͷϣֺĲѹƽˣˮ
Ľ۾׵ңѾˣüšɸң̴΢ţٿ¡

ѣء
ĽСƨɣӡ
СغСĴĸ첲

ֺĸСܹȸһȻЬϿ࣬ӤǰЩԱܿ塣
໳˾Ÿĺô
ǸģƲ񣬶ԲԲ̥ûʰɫĶҪһ㣬СԳȭ۾ˣãȻؿңɫǸӲδۣèƵģСһ˱һ˱ġ

ҿſžЦˣðҸƽذˡ
ǻ᲻һֽ׳ִأ

ǵСӡ
Цñȿ޻ѿָٵǸӤ綼ȡˣɽЕDΪճ
ץҵ֣ʳָдֿ֣ǸɽЖFfiΪ½һһΪϣ£ֹơ

áá
һӣûֻ涵ؿѣظӵDDFF
ִһЦСľͷС̫СˣãԺĸܴˡ

𣿡
ѺЦʡ


ƲƲ죬ˡ
ȻʱʱͬɪӷǴƣѲڱϹָ̣ᡣ
ѽһԸҶ˲ˮѣҶˣԷ


סתӿ϶һϸ㣬һ飬ιЦܳԾͺãȥָܻԪڵľջ⣬ƣͷܿһ˿˿ء

ੲҶջڣȴʲôζ
ڻԵʱ򣬱˹̫ҩúܣŤͷĽ㻳ʵĵģҵСľͷ


˭֪Ѿ
ɾڴʱҶӺȻˣֱ˫ۣó߿
СϻҺĶǶԿˡ⡱͡ƽ⡱Ľӡ

ˣҲˣ˯һܾúܾõľ

Χ޺һƬнġҲнġĺ÷

ҡˡҺȻоԼϵľһˣصؿϲطԼʮ㣬ŤͷسѺǺȵҲˣ밲˯ܲЪӣ

Ȼֺ֣ĸűסDF޵Ƿ·˵
ô£
ŤͷһȥѴʱȫľͷˣմû飬Ϻ̫Ѩ֣ţǿջ߬飬̫ҽĶȥˣ

Ϊʲô

Ȼҷְϵյ۵һˡ
ҵʱסľȻŤͷȥȴϴʱŸɫҰ׵Ůˣҳһģһ
ʶԼ̯˫ɴ͸ô£ҡˣˣ

ѣѡ
ѣ˭ϴ͸ˤ˿һͷ
æǰǰ֮𾪣Ľرס޵üٷ̫ҽɪɪعڵϣͷ̧ϵĳӶٺͺ̫ҽηǰҵƤͨһڵأɸ

½ڰģѾ;ƿˣž͸˵壬Ҫڰġ

ƨ
ѽеľջ޵ڶ̫ҽϣŻͬ˵ЦҪԵġΣֻ˯ˣû˯ˣҪβãޱض

Ҵδʧ̬ѣֿЦһ侲һŭ
Ȼһץ֣ʹֺ͸첲һֻ껻һֻ˫ۺŹɽƷ֮ɫ૵ضǰЦˣˣԲԣ

Ҳ֪ôظ˵Ҳ

ҽܲԼˣľȻˣڴʱɵСӺȻŤͷңСָίر죺Ҫˡ

Сӵ۾ɾܿң

סǰȥ
ͬػһȭ㣬Ƶվ𣬳ָĵطƺҪץסң˭֪ûȣôӵˣֱͦͦӿˤȥɰֻչֹѪҩݵͭ裬ͷǡɿϣˤιȥ





144.  ʧ̬   ˫һ

144--ʧ̬

Ƽˤ, Ҽʶ˵ϣҪ֪˸աͷͭض, еҩճһ, ˣѪ, ѿڴϵĻҶʪɺں࣬ԵرǱ
Ҳ˲, ̫ҽǾͳ, 
̫ҽ, һ̫ҽӰס, ̧ҽȥˡ

ҽվųȥ, ɸ͵ض㣬ҲǸǸɡ
æš嵽ߣԼ, һ, ô

Ȼ, Ƽ̫ҽԺԺжָ, ұ̽̽, , ֵһĳ, εҡͷ̾˿
ĺ̫ҽָҵ, յٸǰѹʱǰ죬Ȼʣһ, ̫ҽԺƴȫƬ̣֪ģǰã¹ΪôҲ뿪˰


ҹȦӲϵ亹߳ҪˣûƼ·ӣﲻѣǡ

ǻʲôӡ
̫ҽ̯֣ڣ˼ҾͨǧСƣܴѲй֮ųƣүţоȣƫƫ

üϸ˼Ƭ̣¶˾ģȭص£ȥ׼ɢٲҪүӿʸ

̫ҽ⣬˿æӲȥͷϵ亹ĴָԺдˣֶΡأкθУ

ٴӻͳӣеǰ˵ţʵʣˣҩŰɡ



ľȻվڿߣҵһƬհס
ʣˣʱ꣬Ǻˡ
ǱŕDD͖FFȥιˣĽû뿪ｫߣȵİҶˮš˸ֽҵǰҲӣĽ㶼޳ˣεҵʲѣһͬðʮôܡ㲻ôľȥˣĵӣĵһѾͷӯ䣿

ҷĲ°

޷ʵϣƽɵҵϣϣܻһѣ޼¡
ϥʹޣƽڣѲһǣˣҵĶǶôСҲûĺӡ
DD͖FFҵ涼ûһ̶ûԹңԺȥĶպὫԵĸλߣֻһȱʧǵͯꡢ껹гӣضᱧҺγǣܷŵģ

뵽ˣ¿ǽȥ
ǽվϷ⣬ʱڵý˼䣬Ժ๬ˡ̫࣬˵ͷСޣиĹŮԱߵС̫ࣺ
ҷĿޣ˰˵ֱģް˺ǲǶ᣿
δ˵꣬ӿվŵ־ŭǰִǹŮһ⣬Ứѹģ澵סȥʮӣٰųú飡



ҡҡͷαأ˵Ҳʵ

Ĩȥϵᣬסƫȥ
ӵĵź̺Ķʱ崲ϣ§סϵصᡣﱧİСľڰ׷Ĵ۾գţָ˵Сľͷ
⿪ѣӲ飬һεϣźӵı̾


ػӣأҲˣרעسԡ
᲻㰡
ҿ޵СľͷⱲΣǿűݶĽ·壬ĵĺӰ۸άңСèСһֱôس˵
ظС·Ӧ㣬ֺСְԼϣȻͣס̣Ťͷ

Ҳסʹšˣǽһӡ
ƻ֣ͨƽСӤ
Ҽǰȥվڿ߿ӣ£رСûҰƴ󣬺Ȼޣ밲ǣκֻҪһǿ޵þԽ

Ϊô
뵽ˣˣٿֻԶԶؿǱǰƽ



һֱˣٴδǽأҵһ侫¸ɾӡ
ǰȥ崲һŮǺȸ
ƣ§סȸοȸմֻľһĿĵĺۣضŵһȻصԼһ⣬޵ң
ҺﰡңȥΪʲôҪңð㣬լӣҽ⣬ȴҪȥ·¿һӣһߣ

ѵ㡣
̾˿ȸ§סȰ֪ǻںûչ˺ⲻǻſôһˣϵˣܴ̼ôãԺдѾ뷨ʩȶˣʱͱңպҪźء

ڴʱͷߵţ̾ӹº͵𣺡үˣȥźءūűˮδȥС׼Щ࣬ͷ¶ȥ

֪ˡ
ӦɿȸѸѣǵؿſڴϿȸ˳ȥ

Ʈ崲ǱߣָشȸǵճѪ˺ۣʵúûŰɵѾͷˣȻ㲻ԭ㣬֪ô

̾˿ŷ۵Ŀڣ⼲ȥ꣬ٴλصϷڼ䡣

ʱڼѾʰ˷ʮյơ

ѱڼĿϣԱ߾˶ͷһ飬δ£ɫۣͷһ۲ؿңȻʣ㲻ᶪҵģ԰ɡ
ȻһЦȻ£ǰҳЦ䣬˽°ܻǸ͸˵ˡȴ뾭ѵЩͬܣСȥ䣬鱡ԣԺһ᲻Ҳǲôңİҹ£֪ôҺȻоһط䡭

˵Сƨɣȥѡ

ԣײײߵͷǰһƨ£Сҵĸ첲Цף
ҡûʲôӦãȻŤͷСӺȻʲôƵģֻСֵǰȻɿ~~

һЦСӻҲˣڸèèء

ɳ˯ţСľͷƿӣ˽ȥڡҡǰС§סңɵգۣСľͷһ˯

㶮£ٴ棬̧ȥ˫סӾҲʹޡ
ߣ涵ؿʲô˿ˡ

ڴʱƼӽˣ̣Сܵߣ̵ڿϣѣﵹЩڵı࣬С׿ٽȹȥѵȥοҪģȫڱأɲܵ£ôڰɡ

ֱĨ˰ۡҡӺнӹ࣬ճ˿ڣȻüѿȻȫˣſڿϣЦ֪ʲôˡ
ƿĺҡǰڿϣ˿ջ⣬ָ׸ô㣬յҡǰҡJ壺ǻ˵ˣȴûгԣܲһӣһڣ

䣬ڼſںȻ̾ӹ˳£Ԭ׸÷黹ָʹѾˡ

ǽɡ
ƣ۵س˿ŻУźĸ첲¿˭֪ûվȣŵһģ
˿˶úݣСԴˣСľͷҪԹԵģڣ֪ô

á
˵⻰ۣװ˯š

ЦЦߡ
ҽȥλ̫ҽʱ֧źľ˼ʮ࣬վˣԬ塢÷奻

ѵɨˣץסĸ첲ϡ
ȻָǸ侲Գֵۣ౯ʹֻ۾ĺ׵׳
ŷʹ̫Ѩüλա

ƮѸǰǰȥ
λسνͷ϶ʪˣ󹧾ظ
ޱ飬ԬüͷﺬŹɵǣ÷ɫЩף͵ڼбȥֻҴҿһۣͷ͵ʹȥûٿ

ɡ
ѻ˻֣תŴĴָϴĴָҹλԭּ̫Ѿ˵ˡԪӲ̫Щӵڴ˴
˵⻰бԬ壺¾׸ˡ

Ԭ˸æǡ

ȭͷֿ߬ԪȻĺŴѲ˸ϵȥݣһ¡

ּ

Ըºָ۽ǣƣ۵ػ֣ˣλȻȥգ¡

ҳǰȥ
÷奵ͷϣԬ˸ˡ
֪ڴʱ˼ԬȻͣ½Ųͨһ£̧ͷѣȰտຮ»ģҪڰ


ѲȻŭ³ϵĲյ𵹣ˮһӣ˲Ǻ죬һվָָԬ壬ȵʲôڰԪö˶˵ͷ޽ʲô
˵ץյԬͷȥԬ徹δ㣬ͷӲ¡
ѻޣֳ˷࣬ӳתȥ嵽ԬǰžһԬͷ˫ͨ죬Ȼŭ⣺гӶ治飬ԪôǾʶԬҸ˹㲻Ķ飬ĳ㣬谶޵ĳǺӣø̵̱ĺͽܣ㻹Ҷ죡

Ƽˣεҡͷ
ʵԬˣʵ⹷ҵĻԲѣﱾͱʹ꣬Ż𣬶ʧյĳȷִ磬޵ؽڸ׸ϡ

æǰȥ
Ԭʱֱӣŷͨ죬ĿƺᣬԱǧʲôû˵
ǺԲԬ𣬲ɫˣæ׸оζͷأȥȼѾΪºúð¡

䣬ͽԬͳȥˣţֽ̫ҽǸϳȥţ˸ŤͷڼۣСľͷͷأĺߣūȥտ

˵⻰͹˳˵ڼ䡣

ʱֻʣѺ÷奶ˡ
ͬһֻ˪˵ӣ˲ήȥûվȣֱͦͦ󵹡÷˲䵯𣬳ȥסѣǵǣ¡û°ɣ̫ҽơ

ް
÷奵ֱ̾˿ü޳˵ǰ乬˵ֻҲ˵ˣǰȸȥϸƽ·ϺϮϵˤӣǷ̤ˣڶšʵھЩ̫Σȥȥˣ˾ֲɾţֻʣһ֮ˣȥϸ乬֣޵Ҫ˭Ҫݺ

ּ
÷ͷǿЦ·ģض³

ΪʲôҪЦ
Ѵ÷奵ĻһƿĿС
Ȼ·𱯴кᣬҡͷ´÷奣ôʮ꣬Ϊٳּҵ㲻϶£Ҳôٰü˰ɣ檣Ϊ̷ôһĶûУˣȻЦó

÷˲䷽ңͨһڵأͷҵأ£ˡﰡ

ˡ
ַᷳػ֣徲



ƼһУҸշסѣ˳ȥ÷奣ƲƲ죺ֻȨ»綼ûˡ

һסѵߡ
ǰȥᱧ˯ŵѽˣæӭȥ

û޵ץƿ߾ٹͷҪңȻŵġҡûңؽƿŻصϣ嵽ߣճյؿԵǸң۵ô޲ЩΪʲôҡ
ĴָšҡѪɫĴˣÿռҶҪױ磬òãںó󰡡

վǰӳҶˣ㻹̱

޸ױ磬òã
ѷħִһЦױ̨ȥ䵹֬ҵһ̺ĸӣҪۣ͵ض㡣
ͷ̤̺ȥص̤˼£üôи񣿡

͵һ⣬ҽдšĻȫڰ顣






145.     

145--

д, ֵϺǰһĽү£иждµ, һĿĲƹ, úȥδӶд
أʲô¶༸, дţʵҲı, и, , ϶ҵĶӺ塣

, ﾹ̫
Ѿˣ˵ʹ, ɻûзңذźóڹԶȥݵ飬, ҴԲѣûѹ塣

վױ̨ǰ, 󺰴, 𶯡
ʱ, Ǻ֬߬, ɵضѹԲµ̺, ˼, , һѽ̺ƿһԻĵשмиСС, 

ϵɻԽԽŨú˯ŵ£յ̨

ΪꡱԸоֱŵ˫شꡣ

̨ڰԣ˫ȫȫڵϣָŪŽüȥңһȸԿĶˡ
˵⻰͵̧ͷȥص̾˿̺ƽ̵ϣץסĸ첲

˰ˣȻ˽ŪһصĶԸ˷֣Ҳˡ

⻰ҵʱ˿

ʱӣץסĸ첲һǱȥ

ҽ󣬶˵Ъ¼۵ӰˣЪϢǾ;ŶԺеֻشܲܽүӾȻ

˿̣ѼѵزŽŵߣŤͷֻʣǸҡظҵĺڷͻҰ׵֮˯ŵкŵĴĴָѸ첲ŵŽŶӡ

ͻһᣬߣȰʵ˯ţȥƕDD͖FF

Ҹ˵ⷬƼڵϣѽѥѵѵĽŷϣͷʣҪҪһɣ

޲
˫ס

˵ø˰ļ磬ֵԳûһ£񵥵СľͷڸǰҴ˽ģãԱԺܰչǾôƫģܾΪɥͲǣ֪ô 

ʱѻӻ֣úðˡ
Ͽֻȵİ״ѣͷǿڣĿڣԺüȥ౧Ҫġ

Ƽܳ¶ūǸˣΪҲóȥ
ʰѵĵȰҹˣЩЪϢūţһֻӬ῿

ãھȥã߶߶û꣬߯ˣ
ѹ߳

ǣūȥ
ǵѣ˳ȥ
ûһСƱͼˣЩȫڿϺšСܳȥô̶˱īһЩϸʳ
ȫúú󣬺Ͽηŵԣ£磬ϡ

󣬺ѱذ硣

Ʈ˿ϣߣ첲֧ڿϣͷࡣ
࣬ѸɨۣϸڸעīСƱպЩɰСƱдԼ

̧֣ظںڵ޷
Һϲµӣרע侲ˡ
ȻϵĳƼһ£𱾡󴫡̨ǰЩü顣

һ۲ؿݸǳЦ
䷱ӣȴиֲ;ĺϰߣÿ˯ǰҪ飬徭ӽԶʱ˵ĻС˵Ҳƽ£ϲԺĴѧʿǰ̸ʫ۾

أƼѸٷ飬˺һҳҲˣָű̾

ͷžشʯϣȷʵķ

Ħĸ첲ȰˣԽԽ꣬㰾ͨҲѲˣȥ˯ɡ

ȻŤͷ򶫱ǵױ̨üֹ̧磬ȥǰҿ޻Ǻﵽײʲô

ҵʱסҿ⣬мȺˣ뿴ܣҪҪ

ɵĹڣϸ룬ſڵû¾Ͱѽ˿ˡ
߬סһԣѣЦˡūҿ̽˽ʵʵҴ򿪰񡣡

š
ѻ˻֣úվЩ
ź¿̨ױ̨Ǳߡ

ҽ󣬸ȥ

̨ױ̨ϣ׵ߣԥãҵȥ˿һѽ򿪡

ڴ򿪵˲䣬ҿԳһϯض㶵ض棬ǰ㣬Ƚһ̴ľϻóȱߣְµһбƽϡ

Ƭ̣ѽд򿪡
ѣһڶĵۣһ׻ɴһ׺װǵʱҰα¹ۣɪģÿѺ涼һλЦĹ£ҼǵãҲǵá

ȻָĦѣЦЦţ۾ͺˡ

ţסʹóչ

һǵֱͬŤΪңҪشװվڱɫӿڵңǾⱲӴδµлɴװӻ£͸ҡ
һΪһСΪ䣬պͺãǸҹ˺Ⱦ̸죬գȣһͳš

ɵӰ
ĨȥϵᣬϵǸҿȥЦûˣڲôѽС

ʳָԴǸĺĻʵۣǸֿտյƶȻСˡ

ʱѵͷĬ˺ܾúܾá
װѺͻĽзһԣȱߵֻСС̴ľϻӣס򿪣Ǻֽܶš

ٴδס΢΢һѾЩ˵һ㣬򿪡
ǵٰ绨Ͷͣߺ˶ӺһֽʵؼӲһ㣬ֽճȥ
ʱ˫΢У֣࣬ͷͷһ

СһϣȥСĳ԰ա

ȻһЦգۼ䣬Ȼ£Сһ룬أҪֶȥ

ҲˣҲ밡

Ȼʹ˻ҲٽŲţ׼̴ľϻӣҲ֪ôأ˿ִ򿪣ȡڶš

ΣŽ̨ĺʵ


̨ڵϣ֣ҵĵڶŲ𿪣յѸǰϣǵȥ¥Գӵ緹˳㻹š

𣿡
һЦָΎȥͷȥϻҳţУǿЦʱƼŴν̷˾ͬߵ̫ˣʱ˵ñ˴˶֣˭˭޲˼ѰƣɴϺצƵģѹ˯ţɴƾƣ֪ȶˣд˷Ϸţ㿴ǲأ

ϣأ
ҴɨۣŵݸѣЦԭű£ıīȫ¡

ˣǸûûεģ綼ˡ
ٴĨȥᣬֱӣװνŴһţƣԺЦ˵ƽϣ㻹ţƣ޵ʱдһ״ʫ¼ˣҪЦһӡ
Ѷ˶٣һͷءᡭʱлӷɪ¶£̫ˣȶˣǰʫ޶ˣûȴһֱǵá

ѿЦͷ£ӺȻҲ޳
סĦıο

ͷҭһֱΪԼƶģû뵽֪УҾȻ

ãѲŽ
ţش򿪡

⣬һССʱдģдʵ뷨黹п־塣
ʱر𲻰дû뵽һߣˡ

̧ͷѿȥ

֮У֮⣬Ȼʼü糺һƬŵؽſϣŻã¿
ҡͷЦָͷţƺʹ࣬ֽŰԼĿڣۣͷ߸𣬷˰ЦЦһԡ

ƽضϼŪ˵֣ŤͷŵǸң֮ɫӶʹࣺ޸㡣

˵⻰ƿҪĺʧǵĳȥ

ҪȥĶ

æȥҪκ˹;ִϴֺ
ֻؿһʼߣܣһ仰һֶ˵س嵽ԺС

ʱԺһˣҲЩ
ôҵվԺУͷñˮԼͷϡϻϡ
ŵ̫ࡢֺ̫ҽƼ㣬æܳаҪϧ塣


ָһԣȵȫ

վУƻͨϷ˵޲Ц

£ô˰
ȱߣҡѵѣŰ󣺡궼ӣ⼸ձ͸Ⱦ˷纮ܳԵסô꣬ūˣĥԼδԹ֮˱ͶĶ˼

ô
ѳߺеѣȻЦһ֣ٶչһ֣͡

û˵ô꣬˭˭Ȱá

һش̨ȥߵǰվҹ꣬

ǰһֱⱲֿտգӵʲôҲõһݸɾİҪõһȫġ

ǲǵõˣ
ʱȴãָͬʯͷһѹϡ

뵽ˣҸջסЦ˵ҵ׸òúԹأѽ߶ߵòġ

ȻƼѽŵһģֱͦͦسȥ
ʶҪקȴץ˸գÿкס

죬εˣ
֣˶ְ˽ŵؽ̧



ҡĵһҹжɹˡ

ѷ˸ȣԹȥһֱ˵ź̫ҽǼòС
˭Σð֪ͨڸ֣Ǿ

һҪôȥӣҪôѸǰ

ص棬Ҳòˣ崲˯
֮ʣҺȻ崲΢ԵҲOO@@
һϲͺãæŤͷȥɺܿסôˡ

ʱŵĺ̾Ӻ̫ҽ˶ҲΧ˹ͬһס

ûأû
סڣʣɫ죬üôˡ

ôˣ
ҵʱ£ǰָĲĿͷϡ

ѰôһҹĹ޾ͻˡ






146.  ̽   

146--̽

ôˡ
ɨΧ, ƣ۵ţһְסͷһֵʳָڱصš

, 
, תȥǱߣͭ
ڴ齱, һʼͭؿڣѹԥ, ҲҸѿ, ͨһڵ, еѸǰ, ֲΡΡؽӸͷ

ˣ֡Ů̫໹̫ҽҲ, һ鰧ˡ

ᷳؿЩˣһߺеͭ
ǣû, Ҳûд㵣ûз, ƽ, ЦЦ
ֽӵһ, ļ
, ǰ, һȹ, ౳, ʣʮͷˣô͡

ѱۣüͷɿ, һЦҲ߯ˣ˭˲ϣ˭˲׷̼ǵǰ֮ʱ޼ð׷ۣ޾ˣô࣬ܰô

˵һȻ

齱ߣֻޱߵĨףԵۡ
ֵôѣ
Һ

ҲƬ̣ͷ΢Ťüʺ㵽źǱ˭ˣ

·ģĽַտţ˲벽
˫ֺʮѵļ羱ŵﻹӣǱūˣҹ˸ȣ˵˺һӺ
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뵽ε̾˿תǽڼ䡣
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תŴĴָϵĴָɫԽԽʣã˭󣿡

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÷ͷԽʹ

˾谶ߵý֪ġ
ĿڣԽݽ÷˾Ĺְɱ˾ܣŮѺʣ󲻳ʦͻ飬ĸŰ.ȥջһŮ
˵̧ͷعﴫּ˵޿첻ˣ֣ϳһˡ

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÷ˣˡ

ʮѩ룬÷زΣ˼֡һǸˣ޵Ļһ顣
ĺܶ÷侲ظѷνס

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ӣҴ󸹱㣬ضȭߣǰˣñӣƼˣ׼ˣڶڳˡ

ǰȥ÷奴ɡҴҵǰͷ
Ҹں棬ס

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ںܺڣһ˿ĬĬʻڳҹ

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˵ſֿͨεȻ֣εһߣʱҲˣֻһ̯£ʵǷŲġǸˣоϣԺٲҪˡ

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һ⣬ͷƤ顣
⹷ﴹΣˣ֣̽ģһָϵ̽





147.  ǽ   ˣǽ

147--ǽ

ʱ, ҽŵÿڸ

̼ǵøʱͰٰ̽ǷеʺҰġǷһı临ʱСĽ, ΪԼ̰, ںð˵ܸˡ
ҵõϳָ㣬ټջ۶ĴĦ, 𽥲߳һ¡·ضҳ顣

󹬵Ů, ôضǳ͸, Ͳϵ³, Ŵ, ҵãôأĻŸһֱǷǳ͵, λڵĿô

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ݸۣѩ׸ѣ˸ɸɾǹ

Ҳá
ǰ㣬ս
תԱ߿ϵһɫĲ顣
ûȫΪˣ֪ԴϴǳһֱСģԡ޵ĴǸ޶űߺȣĻҲطϡ
˵ѴеǷۺõĲ飬֪ʲô˵ͷ۽ʪ߲ѵģźô꣬Ů֮ʵ㡣

֣ûͷᣬӣ·ίСϱƵġ

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Ҳơ
⹷ڿӣνα֮ˣ綼жòУﻰȫ³
ɹأֱѸ飬еĻھǵӹ԰ɫƨ


̾˿ǷⲯԼȱߣǰЩԽܣΪˣ޲žί㡣ѷϣһﲻ޺󣬶̩ɽٲҪٵۣ޻ʺ֮ݣԲ˳

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÷̽ң÷گ̽
ޱ֪ܣҲ¹ܡ

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ͷѼϣߴ˿ЦԱ˰ɣ˼ƫ⵱

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ûһִǺͺ롣
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ӱְõϺʹȫ˳ȥˡ

æƮȥ۵ؿҶǡ
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谶尮ھõѧʣڶڹ򸾸ǰҲʣ͕DDģҪ޺úøǳ󡣡

˵ʵĺܲϲڵ
ʲôЖF飬ĹʧʲôϵߣҪ֣ƣƾʲôҵĺ͸ԵŮˣ

ҵѣ֣ơ
Ȼһ֮£֣ƻƬ̣ɺܿѹ
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ô̺ǺջѵذԼݣίؾܾ
ѴΣй£ôͲأӣ
ѿ߾յ֣УҲŸжµ֪֮ǲϵ

Ů˼ֱòˮͲ͸˸˰ɡ

ڴʱԱߴЦ˲
Ťͷȥʱȫ˸ˣﻹзŵΣţüšЩŭһƿϵıֱ¿ҪЬϰ촩
Сܹؽ߿ôŽ֣

֣ˣæҪվ
˭֪˫ְסӵ߷֣֣ССܶ

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ѵʱĮ쳣һס֣Ƶ°ͣǿȹֱӣƣǸˣΪ湦޵ȷͦģЩ֪ɹӣһֻ۱һֻ۰ˡ
ִս֣ЦĹˣ㿴ĲܸͣĹŮƵ޸ǰ޻ǸﻨĳռϵĶӣ˵쿶ĸѲѪֱʣ

ǡ
֣Ѿˣ

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ŭ˵ûл˽඾

˵Ļɴû뺦
֣ͷѾ޺죬ΪԼ⡣

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͵ס֣Ĳӣǽᷢף
İ֮˵ĺӣֵƫ£ܲĺޣ
֣ƵĲҧݣʱϼ󣬻оĵˣݷϹ˶⺢Ǹͷģ޿ʼʱҲôã޺һ£ơʧ٣ѧġĸǰʱžĹڵλãΪ̫ʷóαһĹѨ¡˽²ʷ飬ְٰ˵ƲģΪʲô˼ţѹڣͷβ㿴صԲԣ

⻰ҿڰſþþòܻ

⡢⡭
֣Ҳס˿ĭ
ǵֵزԾ侲ΪԼ磺ûУĹ³ҲҪҪʾ˸ؼʱײҲδ֪!

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ץס֣ķ٣Ů˵ͷ˫΢УЦıĺðվɰߥϺͲڶԪǲɱģǸԾĽǲ㰲ǰģϮǲģǰˣ㵱ʺ˳ˣһӶˣôһıôްθԽιԽڳñͷѾ㲻ˣô뵱!

Ȼ˫ޣҲŵˣӲɵ

Ϊ֣˵˵Щ£ʵȫǲ²⡣
ƾʵݣ綼ˣο̽
֪ǸüĴ֮ˣĵ߳ŭˡ

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κ˹;Ҳֺܶ
Ѱ
ε̾˿Ů˽ûк³Ƕ㣬ֺγûıǣҹ㿴ʱ޴ˣЩĵĻܲˣһҹͷ

ȻƼɿ֣ơ
վֱӣһˣ˵ߣĮس˫ӣûǵޣ˫ۻסע֣ƣ˵ǲڱııޣ

ûУ
֣ͨһڵأԲȫ亹ָ檶췢ģ


ֱӴϣмĶĻ٣Ů˻Ӧ

֣һŵҿǰ㣬ҲǻȥˣԸһ֤ס

ҵʱˣôߵⲽˡ
ôô֣Ȼɣڰ˱ɡ

֪һǲ´ˡ

Ц˼ӿСȡƿưСī̴ƿ
йȥСƿ֣ȱߣޱؿŹУޱ֤ԼȰɡ

͵˰ѣ𣿺֤ݱɱȺο㣿

ҵͷȥ
·ƵĿѣЦˣԭʵ۵Ů˺ͻʵ۰Ůˣ治һ

ٰϳ
ѾӸµؿŹֻҪҺȵƿ𲶾޾㡣

֣ȻһЦڲƿ

ȻһԵĺ˹Сƿǿд֣ߣͷ󣺡£¿ġŴ֮£ҲԪ˵ͷڣūѶˣ¾һ̣ԪͷūҲҪ˵һ䣬ǴձضڣʱָԴģ


һ߿ΪҪ˵ô͸΢ָصһԪģǲǺ֣ᣬԪ

ūūûа
ʱҲˡ

Ҳ𲶾ơ
ѵԽŤ˫ΣסЦ㵽жģȣȰ

ұľٶŵͷƤ顣
ǰһֱ侲ȣûô

ڴʱǱߴһкĺ
Ťͷȥ֪ʲôʱˣίͰ͵ڿϣ﷢һУȻߣɵץסӣһµء
СӲΡΡܵѸǰƶǶ˽ѣС첲ſںǰģ۸顣

˵ת֣С̧Ĩȥϵᣬغ壺޲ޡ

˲£һѴӺ汧סס죬壺꣬˵

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ƣҡһΣǰһСˣŭ⣺Ƕģ޸޵Ķӽôӣ㣣

£ūδ̹Сľͷ꣬ܶʲôǨŭģ
ɿѽűߣץסѵѰūҲԸһ֤ף

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Ʈǰ棬ſ˫۵סѣ𣺡Ҫ˱ŸģôҶѳ⣿ѣѰ㲻Ƿǲֵı

ڴʱͷҵĽŲ
ûһҾͿӰϤžʹ

£ˣ
ȻЩ˷ܣͷˣϡŷҩ˵ϣ֮үˣ˸Ͻ̧ҪҽΣ

ұȻϲѶŪò֪룬Ťͷѣϵȥºƽ𽥻
áã
ʣ˺һ˵֣һѽݺݵ˿ڣϲоȣ
˵һŽϵƿԶЦŷԸ޴ЬҪȥӶϣǸ

֣ЦȻعɣȲˣ޴ɸ̫ҽȥƣ꺮Ҫչ˺Լӡ





148.  صƿ   

147--

, Ｋϲ
ʱȻͷŵ˻ԸϽ˫ӱȥĽտסҡ
ڵϸѴЬ, ʱʱĨ, ͷЦصƿˣ¾ɷˡͷ, ūѰ멣, ҩûء

Ѹ, ְںļͷ, ЦºͣްҲڻ, ŶһȦ, ȥЪţ̾ź򡣡

źūı֡
ż⣬ĵЩ, ѸٰѽҵͷĨƽָϺ, ЦūԸСЩƬ, ҩǰȵ档

, ƫϻ߶
Ӧˡ
Ҫ, ֣Դԭ, ɨ۹, ɫûзǰ, Ҳ˵϶ºͣ˵˾䣺عȥȵ۳ķ, ˼ǰһǰޣȥº˶ҪҪ㣬ģϣ㲻Ҫʧˡ

˵⻰šߡ

֣ϥʥݣɫݣͷҵָͷ۱ߵĲĨȥڿߵĽ΢ͷˡ
ڵصŷⲯʰ
ƼƮ˹ȥɨּۣƮ鶯ȷױ飬ֻʲô̺گ飬Ƴдġϭġ

֣ɫȻʲôû˵ⲯۺú뿻ĳУ뿪ˡ

Ҳ֪˵ʲô
֮û֣ѽȷӭͷһػؽйҲˡ

Һ˼֮ʣȻͷ󼱴ҴҵĽŲ

ûһĸǽǰԵ͵ѬȵӣĽֽҵӿŲ֮ϡ
ţǰ֧磬ҵ˸ʵʵ

ûãһҵĽŲ
ҳǰȥöˣȽǶϣϣС̫ŵ̧
ҵʱȻֻȸ˵ǰϱ˻ԣû뵽˼ҾȻ˵ء
δףǱ˺ܶ࣬ϡͷ÷ͷذȥͷԵײ˺ͲˣϵĺڰԽԣϣǣгûġ

ʱѽڶϸǰ˫ֱĿ㣬侲ȵúܡ
̫ҽԺԺжٺ֡Ůҽͷͷڣûһڼվˡ

ϰԪͽˡ
Ѹץסϵĸ첲ﺬŽ֮ɫ

˫ֲΡΡشӽץסѵ֣ͷǣ˸˿ڣүüͷסʹæϳض߾ȫ
˵⻰ʱ򣬶ָϣ̾ҲҪϧԼӣϳ͸ɢνķӡ

æЦӲϻžͷȿԪ

ǡ
Ϲػظѣɵλ̫ҽԺֵʱͰ
Ϸ̫ã˸ϷһԪ쿪ķӡ

ʱԺжٺͺ̫ҽһۣűǰڶϸǰ˻յĹ򣬾ͱϺŴϡ
үӱĵɨȦˣֱӣסӶ٣ȵ˵Ǹģʵ˼̫ų㿪ЩӶʲôȫЩºͲѪģһ㳤ûС

˸ͨ죬
ڳ̫ҽǼֿʼˣæͷԼ㵽˭֪Ǳɨˡ
бۿ̫ҽҡͷûʱ·ڼʹȫǺسЦڲੲݵСҲѧԨԴˣôд߰ûõһǧ𷽡ȫӹţҲִ˵õϷĶʱŵñ˳ȥͿһʶĺûᾹװ״Ҳθʹֲˡ

ȿȡ
صؿѵõһģжϣܳһţ̫ҽԺЩӹ˲ã޹úʹǣϱЩӹ˷ˣǾ쿴һԪ

ǣϳʥݸǰʧˡ
æЦϴ

ȻүӰϽһιȥˡ

Ƽˣֱţ׵ϸǰȻܷ꣬صŻԵĶϣҧ˾䡣

ʱһŵĶٲ²ãӻͳƿæҵؽͷҩιףͬʱ׵ѽ⿪׸ѱѪ͸ɴ°ãԹãְ˿ŪˣǶ˵Ϊ˼ʮ꣬Ҳڱ¸ǰ֪֪Ҫģôͷֲأ߯Ϳˡ

Լ˰ʱϿﴫʹ.ʵûˣûˣָ΢֧ʹС̫ཫ̧ͷ

үƮȥʱϣȥ˿ҵϸϸֻүӳƬ̣˽̧ȥ

˿ҽŵÿڸϵش˫֣үӿڡ

ҲЩǰһʣүӣԪҽô

û˵ͷĬãҡҡͷض̾£̫ҽԺĺСѾȫˡ

⻰ʱסЦڴߡ

±𽹼
ָűӣḽڸ˿ϣ۵üϳҲԣֻɵϣϳǰкϳЩ塭

һǰȼϣĦүӵ˫磬Ȧ΢죬ЦүӾܷȥΣֻҪܰȻޱϱ壡

·ġ
˫ᣬǿ֣صسŵϳҽԵԱӴ಻ٳ̫ҽԺĹ

˵⻰ƣ۵صϣεˡ

ŵĶӻͳƿͷҩιס

ûһתѣ˶ƽϣü˼˻ö׼ֽʣϽϲ˼ʮϡŹֵҩӺϡҩģţַԸŮҽͷ



ҹʱ򣬷ϵҩȫ
ֽҩҵι˵Ҳ棬ҵµĳѪֹסˣҲָˣɾûѡ

ѻϣšӲһҹ

һҹҲúܡ
ɻصԼûãһ

ʱҲ˿ڳѪٶȻԹȥ
үҹ˵ֻĿܣҾܻܲ

Ҵͷɥǰۣͷ£ϣĥҡ

Լ䣬ɪŮǻЦ
Ȼҷ·ʲôקȥ㣬ͷĿѣǰããһƬұۣ˳ǰߣ͵ۣԼʱҸϣ֪Ǹʲôط

ȥǼ仪Ĺ뷿ýԲѰٻõġ
ȻһϤ̧ȥҷһ֮崲Ŷɾ£ʶӯ䡣
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ʱǻнĶӡ


ỽӯ䡣

ӯ·˰㣬һŸˡ
ش˸Уת§סͷɷļѣμɩˣҡ̤ܲʵóˣȥƣ˫Ӳףۿµ׾Ҫˡ

ȹ˺Լա
ӯļҲˣҪġûϳǱжˣдȥҲ֪ܼܲ



С޵ĶԻϲֻˣǺ°
֮£ϢµģӦʲô֪
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Ҳ֪Լôˣߵ崲ߣͷŴϵԾǧպ󣬲ߵһˣȻˣ뱲һҪúöԴҵӯ䣬ǸûĸĿӣͷֱϻС裬ĸδȫ⿪Ҫĵ㣬úÿ
תӯ䣬ѽһҪúõģɩӵġ

̧ۣӲᡣ
ִɪз׷ӵ˵񷽲һͷĿѣһαֿµקߣ̧ͷ䣬ҷԼһط

ӲҲû̫֮ǽĸܣͷ顣
мķһڣҰ˵ܺϱ
ϰɿڵķ࣬ϱǸº͵ĸˣӸɷͶŮҨ࣬ڰĵڣϱȦȻһ죬Ӱરવµ

ô㣿
˵ԱŸСŮأС׸ŮιϱЦĿʲô

ϱĨȥᣬʵʢ裬ЩȥĹӸζڹͷط㣬⵹ˣ֪㿴ǣ֮ɡǸʲô̫̫ۼͣ˵ѼŮָ檣Ѱ˼ţ󸻴ˣǸˡ

ˣһʲôء
˵ܽúմЩϱݹȥЦûҲҵķ財߸˵ؼ޸ȳӣһŮٳ̯Ӽ£ŮˣʮǰͷģҪһӴáȻ͸㣬ôģҸԴһŮˣฺ

ϱһЦߵسԱߵ治Ӹǰ˵ֻ

ţд־ݣ
˵ﰮŨŨ

⻰ӿˡ
ЦǱȥȥֽʣðӡ
壺ҾǼ֤ǽǾ־ȥĹǶȥ״

ƼͺһңůĽͬʱҲп
˺˵ײһٷţ˲۸󵽺ֵزϧƶ֮ޣϱǸиŮ˰

ҵͷЦĨȥᡣ
ȻҶսɱ˻˻Ǻ˲ŻŮ˼̵áͿꡣ

ٴ̧ͷʱҷԼֵ˸µطȥ·Ǹﻨ鷿ź̺ӣϺԲϰźЩϧӣͷëɫĻü

ˣĽĵճӡ
ҵǰӽѧǫжʮˣڴ˸ĩС٣ѧڣζУڼеٵĶּ

Ľӳüͷֻͭڸˮ

ʱĵճѧǫǰͳӣ︸׸ҶӲˮЦȥ󷿳˸΢ĹЩûǸǰֺۼиԪ̧ͷˣ֪Ǵ䰲˼˶ӣͿء

Ľ۳ӣԺҪЩңǼҲ׹ݣͷ˫۾أв͵˱¸ǰ

˵Ҳ߯ˡ
ѧǫںһЦӣ˭ܹù˭۸ݣ˵ǰն¾ҵĴүֹ棬ţСӾ͵ȥ̽΢ӵ˸߾żҵ겻ǰѸ߾˾˵ȴôϵϵȥݣӱҲ˴ִүȣ߾˾˺˿ڶڴ¼£һǨĻᶼûУȥǰӱ߱ߡ

Ϳ
Ľֳ˱飬صشӣŴθΪҪԼֶΪ̫ĽǣŶ̥ǰһδϣΪҲǽŻ
Ľ۳ӣҡͷ˵¾ּû䣬ɺôҲϵΪһ˽ּҴүѱϽȥ׼񣬴Ÿ˼

ڰɡ
ѧǫŸ첲ڨڨһ仧ˣʷ˸Ǹ

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Լ䣬ҿ̺ļ£ٱߴŶɽ軨Цӯӯسֱ֣ɽˮҪͷȻһЦջң

ѽǸˣĸˡ

ҲسȥԽߣҸоԽˮϵ۳ԽᣬҲڡ
룬ǸȥǱߣҾеˣʮĲʹͲᷢ÷奱ѴͲ˺ҲС

ţ͵и˺һ

˲侪ѡ

ҲʮⱲӲŸոտʼ
һкܶŲµˣѡӡĽ㡢ӯ䡭Ҳ

뵽˫ס䣬ת񱼣˻УҲߣŹҺòã
˭֪ȻҷֵҰ׵֣ץסҵĽţҶ½ҵһ
һϡĿҪסҵĲӣɭɭЦ˵ҵѾҪҴߣ
һŴ࣬ץסԼķ٣һͷšקԴҡҡλγ
Ҹʮǰ.ҵū.Цѣ˵ҪǴݲУǵĸ.....

ϡ䣬ҿӯ䱻½趾ɱ
һƲģӵĲӡ

ĳˣǰҶ֣ҲҷֺƫҾҪЩˡ棡
ҷƵЩˣһߣӣͷȥŸ첲Ҵ򣺡ѽһ£˹Ϊ£ﲻǵԽӴҶҶӣǲ

˭֪һŲȿգ˲޾غԨ

ŬغүĲΪĺȥ

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ʱ齸ǰ˺ܶˣ̫ҽȸĽ޵öιȥˣԱŸˣѡ
ţ޲ЦضԼĴָϵİָƣ˵


Ӧ

Ƽ͵Ťͷ
˲԰׵Ȼǵͨ죬ŵضңȻԼһ⣬յҸǰͷˣ㡢㡭

Ҳʱҿֺͺ˶֣ҵĴ齸ǰ
ϲˣ
תҲ˲ʲôͳȵ죬̫ҽأϽơ

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ǡˣ
ϰҸȻˣ


ץסҵ֣ľϲ˷ڣڸо

ҿɥƴȫ˾䣺ˡ





149.  ͨҪ   ƽ˳

148--ͨҪ

ҷ֡ʮ˵, Ǹ̫˵

ʮʱϼ帲𣬶Ҳһҹ֮ʳǵĹŮ, ʼһּĵײ
ʮʱ, Һ˾ٲάؾӪ֮£һ, Ҳ֮ʱѲѪ

Ӳ, ҹ, ӹŹ˻

, һȶ²˻, ԼȫǼٵģһΡ

ɵҿ޵İ߰ʱ, ҺȻ־ãʵģյļءʹࡢںޡŭͱٱȫģ

ҿԬ塢÷奡˵ܡһӯҲȫġ

Ϊ֤Ҿû, ѺԵӯΪ, , Ѱ, Ұ, ˵ӯµ, , ϶ᵣĵ, Ҫǵʱ̥ǾͲˡ

ˣȷҹȷ뿪, ȷ

Ľе֪
ʱϾʸ֮Ѻ󣬸ҩǵûҾȻֱӽҸˣΪû˺ûӱ䲢ʼֽӲ

ҡѲԲȲ޲Ц࣬ĽΣȸǸѳ

ɶϾǶϣҴӹŹظ˻ɱȸҲȻˡ

ǣһҲд۵ģԪˣҿҲỳУҽҩڣֲ˫µġ



*

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ֵîʱѾĸʱ

ҩϴҵӺ;Ҳָ˵ɼʹɱҪǿˡ
ʱҸյµǶ˫Ӿ࣬Ҳ֪ǲĸģǰұΣӵ״ҲãʱʱޣҲԲȥɖFF˿ӡ

˵Ҳ֣ѺֺĽ㽫ǱҸǰӾذҲ㡣

ҲţŰϻ谵͵ƣϸҵСӡ
á
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תͷԶĿŵѱߡ

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תץֻСƿοӣյţʲôװҪȡ
˳شߣһЦ˵ⲻͨˮӲʣڳҩЩȵܻ

Ȼʱû

ѷ֣Ϊ̺گǼٵģ綾ҲǼٵģ֮ƹĵȷȷġ

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һȶԥЩȨȫջأһ䡰˾ù˾ӹУҲ񣬶һų¼ˡϭġļگͼپ綾Ϊ֮裬ʵصصѹ˹

߻ежĥɱ¿ζѡ

Ǹʺˣ϶ѹͷϣԲϱһֻ۱һֻۣó÷奣ԸùԳָֻš
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Ҳ˸£ʹ

ҵȷ·Ϊ£Ϊϣû̽ŲָĻȨûвĵϣԵڣԪƽӣΪһҹͷ



䣬ͷ˹밲֮

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Ȼԡ£Щʱƣɫü֮šŵĸɿˡ

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š
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á
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֡

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Ϊʹ౯֣
ˣһз·صԭ㣬֮ìûнԶԷʱûнٺļû޵ٯٯ͵ģеΡ

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˸˫ӸǰСԴڸ첲ϣָͷشɕDDȻգҡ

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⻰Ҫȥˡ
ܵܣСӣҲ档
ĵظͣЦǲǵ׵Ķ֮ǰرر󣿡

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ش

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ƶǶصͷűָҵʣףСľͷǰûѽ

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ָСƨɣģһ·ϣʮȻذסҵ֣˵ʱȴؿңֵܲףԺҪúТ˳

Ҳɫؽֳȥװ˫Ҵӣƣ۵شǿֳЦֵ˵ˣղ߲ݵų檣۲ˣǻȥЪŰգʱ£մǵ纮ǿɾͲˡ


һʹ֮ɫŨЦ޲ǹͺǡ
˵ɫȻίͬСϱ͵̧ңǰӲ޸ǰԳƳ檣ôȻĿأô˳Ū޺ܡ

ҼװûأСľͷҪҪ.̣

Ҫ ~
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ЦŴȤ˭֪ǣ˵µˣ۵˻ص˿
һߺģһ͵͵ѡ
һЦ̾˿Ը׼뿪е齱᲻ߣͷʵ˼ٴյҸǰڿԱߡ
ȡīֽɫƽ֣Ȼ˴ӿĳ﷭һյЩϸվӡ


ص̾˿б͵ңȻ󽫱պīʼؽް߰׵ͷ衣

ƼΪҼȾúЦᣬ۾һգ
ĬĬسʣͷôˣ

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ˣǳһ

ʱƼˣСӾֵһңһȻ۵һޣ޵ֱԣСľͷҲ޿ޡ

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ȻΡΡߵͷ˵һſСľƵشŹֻСֱȭЦСľͷײҪ

֣̿ҸǰѧѣС˼仰
ͷվ˳ܵѻסĲӣصһڣСĦ׵壺˵ԭµԺҲͷˡ

ҺѿŶԷٸЦ

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Ҳ˼Լ˷纮ûҿֻ̫ǽĦҵĸ첲ںڰģ޹󶨻ú谶ͷ

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˵ͽȻ˼֣ܾԾģѾȥˣҪ֣Ʋɾ

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ô˸У̾Ҳеʱ̫ˣ˶˼̥ɲûǰխҵľҲխһΣܲȻã鲻ˣĸ˶ƽǱʲôǿ

š
ҵĸ첲庢Ƶĺ˯ȻЦҪʲô޶㣬˵Ļ


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150.     ܾĶԾ

150--

º

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СѲƸʱѿ, پµСѾͷ, ˮã̵۵ĶƵ, ۾ִԲѰ, Ư˰֡

, Ƿ˼С¡

, ҵӵԪ, ̤̤ʵʵڼãػָ, ƷҩһֱϣҲǰ, ǰϵһ㸾˲ˣɫҲ, ú, ʹ˺ġ

ʹ, ־ʸ֮, ײָÿ, оһʮ, ˵Ҳ֮ǰʮ㡣

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ƴǰÿҶóӯһ֣ʩɢףҳڻڹЩƶһԻơ

رϲׯʮﾹаմСȥĵ㣬ׯ̸ͬͬģأеһЩ˴үׯ׷ǰ
˵ׯһʱÿռҹӦʳ͵ӾȻŵ֮

أƢ
˵ʱͬͽﱳСҩ䣬Ұ֮ظũ˱ɷƲǵĲȡҩأʲôүô˼ҵŮ죬ҲһŲơ

أǲͶϮİӡ

÷奰в£һչûУ·ȫǴɡ

ָʹ֮ԶݵŴûйϵ

رŴ벢춯ıʲôŴȥݵС꣬䣬ȫ޾ھΪʱĽСģƣͬһ¥.Ůܡ
ⲻǰЩǼ.ŮУŴТڣͬŲϣöҽŮˣ˭֪ӾҲŮüȥģһŴץ˸ţֵòɿ
ݵطȡЦŴ룬֪覹ｫµĺӣýүүǸף

ͬҽµʱ𾪲ѣϰ컺룬ҲŴһ֮գǻǰͼǿݲ˽Ҳδ֪

֣Ǳأø˾Ů谸ǰֹҲûʲô
ѲѪ֮ǳջ֣µȨ˾ԭɢ׵ŮӣεĻ÷ͳ졣֣·ҲĻˣÿռҶӹ廨ҪôŮϷϷȫȻƵǸ緢Ůкܡ

Ƕأ
һʼȷʵɱģ𣬵ûɱϺѵһ˶ӣ˽ȴŮĺѬˣŹ.Ҹʹʹ.ҩһܾ

ɱĸԾ
ɹһ˫ŮǼƣ·ҪѣŶԺӳȥ

֮У˵Сӹҿͷϴҵ£Ҳûеȵ

ϲĳ

ҲȷңҾңϸ£飬ַҶΪ˶˵ٳ跭ʷ鶼ҵֻҺ֪Ƕ裬ֲ

أǺֶһС¡
̼ǵõ粨󣬺̫Ҽ䰲Ůýʱˡ
ѻǴֲģ䰲ӺεԶεõҸϣͬһ顣

εҸ϶գ̫䰲ϡĽ㻹Ұ˵ϱˣ˫ӡ밲ʵ䰲࿴
вмôͽԪֶӣЩ⺢ӵòѧƷʵãڶ
࿴󣬺̫䰲⣬ûӵؿ䣬ãպҪѧѧʿúѧһҪظ߹ӡ

֪μҺʲô˼ǲǿӽϣ˼һ鴦ǺϵǿԶףϲˡ
ѾͷҼˣǲģºͳĬʵҲǸģȷǴҹ㣬ȢѾͷԺ;棬䰲ھҲܱӸϡ

⼸ѧ϶ĺܺãǣԺμҹﲻ䲻ȣԵȴڵúܣӾˣƶҲкøУӾʫʣ㺡

˵ʵﻹǸƫ

˽ҰСӽеǰϲϲ
˸ͨ죬֣˵ֻ󵱽㿴ûб뷨һʧȻƼŸɰһһ

˾䣬ĸ׸ģǽļģ
ݸƣ󷽷ͬ˵ǰЩȥ̽ʦ䣬˾ŮҲǽݴʷ˼Ů赾赾Сһ꣬޻ã游ѧ黭Ҳʦˡ

μ棬һƽ۵͸С㣬򽫸õĺɰ

⻰Ҳû룬ʦɺã˼û

˵ʦҺܲɵԼеƳ⣬ûӣʿǵʦøϲãֻ͡
˼ӣģûϸףűµԸױȴǰҪºࡣ

ھ˵ʱʱѾҸ
ΪҶ˵õѡ



*

ʮ³ţСӵİ

첻ˣĵϴ˷ӽ˹Ⱥ׹ٲҪӦһδʲôüꤡ
˸Сϯ棬˵õDDFFɺͷ˽˵谶ϴζײңһֱҪҿͷϴ

һ۶СӣɹѵӣٲҪЦӦԡ

ʱ𽥱ûɣǿʼƮѩ

յůͣ˺ĵ̺֯ӣϰİڼԲ϶˸ϵĺʱȸ֣ʱʱЦ

DD͖FFճ̣˯ˡ

ڴտ˫ӣŹСָպ˵֬ױ
бȥоˣӸǰңʱʱýżҵ


Ұ

㡣
ѺڵرԼ
ǰӺ滷סң°͵ҵļϣʹҵĲӣֲֵشҵİӵȥҵů͵ĵطҶסض㣬һץסҶҶߣЦ綼˵Щ

ڸǰء
˵ȴѰס֣бǾҲעЩֹ

ɫж
ҧ˿ҵĲӡ
˵䣬࣬һߣ͵ҵȹӡ

Ūô
ҧס´

ûԱ
ѱſֱϴ֮ɫ

ŵ㡣
̧֣ḧޱߵİ߰ס
Ҳˣ˵˳׷ÿ˳׷ȴԽһĶ

ƣסѹЦСЩϸѺŪѡ

ҪСЩ
˿ҵıǼ⣬üһЦ
ϯϣ϶谶˲٣ȥѾˣʱƿˣҲץЩ

䣬ڵСţţȵͷ𣺡£ˡ

⻰̿šߥޣҪӵȵȣ

ǵõȵʲôʱ򡣡
Բ㣬סҵݺݵ˼ҵĴ˷ӣùӸӹЦԼް㣿

񲻶ġ
ЦŽҵϣбǱߣȥɾ
˵䣬ҳȥǲ֪ʲôʱˣԲڵۿңȻһЦˡ
Ҵ󾽣˸ͨ죬һŷ٣һѹѣɧɣأСӲͷܽײܣô͡

ɧ
ѽˮ͸šɾ˸ҵЦҲ֪˭ɧܻӭģ޸̻ˡ

аˡ
Ҳϴúѣ⻵ЦԺҪԶʵүʡñԩ

˵䣬ҸDDȥ

ŤͷȥѱŖFF߹ҵСȣҷ˸ۣ˸öüЦǸǸô

ʲôǸģ̫Ѷˡ
򴽱סЦߡ


׷޽ְֽ̡

ּ䣬ߵ

ʱ๬ˣſվĿ꣬ݰף谣ﱧŸУЦشܣƼҺѣæеݸǰС̫࣬߼ǰظ׺Ҽ

˫Ŀᣬͷ̫ҿңǰһҺѻСˣЦſޣԶûܵܣ濡ģԪ

Ķ񺮺ԽŨˡ

Щ˵ԴϻѲѪ谷·˸ƵģԬҷ·뿪ˣ׸ǰ̹ԼС˵Թĸв֮£ͬʱĸףŶײԪ˵ԼԺֺͿ£ؿЩ

СӹȻ˵˽ÿ밲裬Ҳƿͣ˲ˤŪѣЦǺǵ˵ްֽǹ˷ûˤۡ

ȷǸǫǫľӡ

˽˵ǰȵղˣѳϹȥнŮӰͷԭ˹ؾصģֻȥʮΣÿȥҲֻЩǮ
Դڹÿ¶ҪȥΣǿϷ˹ϵÿÿ귿£ҪʹһϣǰգӲС
ˣլЪʱӤƵ˱̣˯

Щ£Ӷûϱѣֻ˽֪һǧ

䣬ȻңԪ


˿ǸȻЦүЦˣҷˡ

ҪܵܣЩҲ
Цұ⡣
˵һ£ظҿͷЦףɰ֮ϲϵظԪǸǰ³ײǧ򵣴Щ

ŤͷѣݸǳЦҵͷ

һ⣬ﱧŵĕDDϣԽ谷ŶģºЦү˵Ļ

л
谺ӻ֣̫ཫǸ
СӴӽó򿪣ЦǶֻģѧղԪЦˡ

æ˵̧ǰȥǷϻˣҺķϣһ˻ﱧŸСӤҵĴҺ׽űߣֻСľЦ

˵ʵûͦ񣬿ܾĶԾ

ȻڴʱСȻ£Ľ¶֮ɫָḧŻϵĸף૵

һһ¶֮ġ
˵䣬СжžһڻϣҵĨȥ̧ͷȻһЦװǿЦʣö




151.     

151--

谵ⷬ, ˲Ȼ
һʲô˼ǾѰų⣬ù, ﲻ
Ȼµ˵һһ𶥿ʲô˼, ǻոĸʱҸӰɡ

ɵӣϻû˵ĵط, Ų㸸׸ǰʳһͨ㸸ûȫ龭, Ϊ˰, ֻܺǳ޵Ԫ, ǰ㰧ԹԹ, ٷǿɲˡ

ûн⻰, һЦŤͷԱȥѾƲ˲, ʱڶķ֮£ż, ץסһ, ק

ק, ϸеҵ㡣
ҽڿ, תߡ
֮ǰ, ɫЩ, ĮɨԼĳ, ûⷬ԰යﱧŵɖFF, ɵؽͷȥ

÷ɣϯֻ̫ͬ˵ûԼڡ

˵⻰ѽ﻽ɽ󲽳Сϯ

ҵһЦϴѩ֮£ѹȻû硣

ڴʱƼ৵һקĽС⡢֮»һȫϣͽӸѹڵء
ҺѼȥǰֵҲʱΧ˹

۴ޣ俴ҺѣԽ޵

ŤͷóǰĹ˺ʲôԵģһȺӶס

ʱ䣬ˢˢһˡ

ûû¡
ҽϵĺ۵ŶӵСƨɣʣۣס
ڿǻ˵ˣﲻͬ˵

ίҪߣƼʢŭϲĺȸֶŵùˣСԼƨɣરવµǿסˣѺ˵Сľͷ۵ġ

⻰Һѻһۣͬʱ˿
Ťͷ۳ӣԹŵĹ˺ȵɵĺӣСȴ£ֻ˵ޱ㲻ˣպٿСľͷޱسͷ

ͷл¡лСүʺ

æһ߸ź󱳺Сƨɣһϯ
СһòˣĿʳָ󶯣ֳϣҲ˵ʲô׽ĻֻϽԸȥˡ
ҵϣȸϺӽ飬ι

졣
塣

Ҫ
ŤСӣָϵľƱҰ죺ҪǸ

ŵ⻰һŭۺװˣ㻹죿Թ԰뵰ԸɾЩССľʲôģȫûˡ

⻰áסףԸشڳԵ

ϣСϻ
Ҩһףûӵؿ䣬ƼСְϣæ³ƣˡ

ɨۣһŵͷѼȴʱʱؿףȻ⺢ϵʹ֮ɫԽŨˣصûпޣҺЦԪﵱ谮ܣƼжĸҲ׷Ÿιġ

谿ӽѼʵǸͿˣÿÿץ֮¾òУƼɺСɰ쵽ˣһ˹¹סţ뽫ӻ

ᷳԽŨˣʮĵĺӣôĹۡ
÷䵽¹۵뺢ӲͽϺ֮£ָҺ£
˵⻰ʲô˼Ǳýӻȫһ֣ǲ˵ʵСݲһС

λػڴʱýֺ죬еʾʢһ
ʱ˿谶롣

Ĩʺ֮ɫŵһһգ

ô˶²ס죡
ѷ룬תŴĴָϴŵָŤͷ޼ǵ˴ɴ˺ô

ء
˻֣ʾŵĲ̾ӸϽЦ˶ԳͷǶʮź챦ʯ׺ֻС壬һͶ嶣죬ˣүԪд˷ء

ҵʱסд顣


ѵɫؼ˿⣬

ҽżˣϻ£ֻ飬ʲôûУôʱ˼飿
ûһ̾Ӿ͹Ÿӽںࡣ

Ӻóţ򿪣תң

Ԫ
ߵﰲˡԶܵͷϲ
֪ӿλܵƽ׳
һжãùУʱ߶žͬｻõӣŸ¹Ŀཻսøĳμ棬ۺͻɴ֮£˵һôӪÿÿУѡ

Ҳݸѣɪѽʵ벻Ѿͷʲô

Цŵͷº͵ӷ޵ļбԹ˵ɪԴкƢԽĵ꣬ԼڳԲ⣬ӷڶҲԣү޾Ʋģ͵ȥ¥ãɪһ¾ˣֱޣ˵ӷûү򸾸ǰ״үͷȻСϱԷ¶ں֮ǰظءµɪŪò˼ˣŶģ˵ˣü˶⡣ӷ絽׻Ѿͷųµ˶ӣɪµˡ

⻰̿
ǿģǵڳһֱģŹ򸾣ȻؿҲܸЩ

Ťͷʾ

ɤӣЦ

תۼ䣬Ľ֮ѹȥһˡ
նĸף׵س嵽Ľ䣬¿ˡĸǵ涥ײԪ
룬ʵǺͿ
ĸǶɴǴˣһ֮˽ǨŭϣõܵЩɥÿÿ뵽£εҹߣӦԵǸκ޷ʵ֡
Уܿͷϣˡĸ׺Ϳϣܺߵպƽƽĳ
ĸɵǶ׹Ľʴȣ򸸻ĸŲأһᡣ

̶ֽԳʴ˴
ף˳졣

֡

ţǾþòƽ
ڵǴĺӣдңдѿģɲ˭˿ﴥТ˳
ĺӣҺվĵطûС

¡
ѣֹ

ģ
ѵͷбۿĳ谣ʣ谶ôţ

ȻЩţҿͷ˼Ƭ̣֧֧ظʣԴǿУТ֮Ծֽ

ǰ
ص̾˿ָ۽ǣ񼫣ɵźһԪŲذգúһ

ûѶТпͬʱĦı
ѵţʵ谣֪ԼĸľͱıԹԪʳ

˭֪ڴʱƼ谺Ȼͨһڵأ˿ͷѣŰ󣺡ĸ񼫣ɵǶĸ乬ຮԴں󣬶κϢˣȥһ

⻰һϲ
ôٰ㰵ʾ㣬ȴ

͵͵ѿȥȻƼɫ䣬ֱץǰĴ룬谵ͷȥȵӣ

֪ˣٲҪЩõĻ
뵽ˣҽ£æеĸǸǰǽ˫ӱظȥͬʱԸȥŴϡ
Ⱥúתȥʱ˫ֱվǰڵϣͷ£ӿſ£ҵ̺ϣûҲӲٲҷһԡ

ʱƼǶʳָܣɵؿ𣬺Ȼҡҡλܹȥ
żˣĵ⻵Сַݴˡ
˭֪ܹȥżⱧס谵Ĳӣ۵һڣСĦ谵غ壺ޣԹԡ
˵⻰谣ֱˣᣡ

ҵʱ˿ǿڽŵĭ¡

Ƽû
ص˦ӣָ谣֪꣬ѵܹôôһ

æܹȥһѽ𣬳ŬŬ°ͣʾҴŶ˵ƫ
еƫҽСŹסص˿ڶӣݸǳЦѹʣϲ𣿡

˹Ƶҡͷ
һ㶣СӵʳָȥߵĿˮʣΪʲôҪ״磿
ͷһЦ̹ľͷϲҪףϲҲҪס

ٴδס֮ҡͷһЦһĻСӣü۱죬һǷˣСĳ׵֡

ż⣬͸ŷơ

ʱ֣Ӻݺݵس谵غСʦԴöȽϵȵģȵۺ޳㣬ϤĽ̵㣬쿺㣬ϴ㶥ײԪﲻʹ죬ǳԪ֮ɥ㵽ﻹ㣬ţ

˵⻰ʱšߵǰӳҳǷչŭɨۣӸǰʦԬ㻭ֹͷν̵㣬㽲ɰϻ桱ĵʣʾѵܹ㻭ʲô޲ᣬԽˡ

ͷ⵹ϴˣ̵ϡ

㲻̵ϣխݲԪ
۶ӣ˫ֲȵӹα޵ģѵû޵޸ǰѵˣ
ָʣ㣬㵽ţ

Ȼˣ
Ȼͷʣ£ֻֻżĽܵ

ʲô£Ȼ
Ѻɸֵ˰Ѷӵͷűʣ˵ʲôٸ˵һ顣


ſҪˣץסʵѣʹ޺;֮ɫŨҡͷ

˵
һקԼѣ


һƨ̱ϣۣʹӿǸ̫ȹϺ˵˵Ƕڰȹ

⻰һЦתḧŶӵͷͻЩʱףܶ±ײҲҲˣҲŮˣѵԩ.䵱ĸףҹ߶ţĻʼ֮Ѫ
˵ָޱߵİ߰ףۿŶӣһԬ๫У޴ٸʦһλȨأֱɣЩҲȥ㡣

ʣ
ͬ׻˰㣬˿ޣһĨȥᣬһֱԶųСͬӣʵ̫ͬˮ̶Ԭ๫๫Զָ㣬һλʦӡ

ָܲסԺܳʲô򣡡
ѻȻЦתŴĴָϵİָĮУȲԸǱˡ

谵ʱסæ׸ǰԸģǶźͿ˸׵ġ

ˣ°ա
ѻӻ֣ЩӶص۶ӣתƫ
û߼Ȼͣ½ŲŤͷ˵˾䣺Ժѧҵ϶ģܡ



ҽСϣ󲽳ױ̨Ǳȥ
ҰŵϣԲϣóۣ֬Ծױ
ﰵŻĵճӣҲҺǰ꣬谿ϥ³ʮ꣬Ҳеģû¶СǸڷĲģĸ˵׵Ľܽ⿪ġ

쳤վãҾ͵ſ

䣬֨ѽһ˴ͷƿ
Ťͷȥؽˣɫܲѣʲôһ쵽
ʱͷȥʱڵϲһУɪDD͖FFС·ѩѳõǣһСͷϡ
ʲô
ض£ѣüʹ͸ܵܵѣ£𳶻ˡ

Ҫ
ץסСӣСšͣСľͷġ

ܵܵģ
ѽüǳ⣺ôСܴϣţﲻһкˣҪȣ͵ܵ

ҪҪ
һѴѣСˣľͷģ

ƼˣҡͷЦЦеԸӸǰ̺ϣ˰ѵļЦˣѻڶϡ
˵ҴӺ滷סƸĿڣΪֵãСĻȥˣҾ͸úйй𡣡

ôй
бңЦ

¡
һס°͵ͷĲЦſ
СˣԽԼѵܵܵСףκʵ̫СȥСͨ졣

ƼˣҲǱˣʣԼƣѻǵܵܵģ

ȻܲˣֲòʵԴƵأѶСƨɸ߸ѹؿ޵ǵܵܵġ

ƤȻˡ
̿šѵĸ첲Цְȥɡ

ѻ⣬žش¶ӵСƨɣЦԺҪѧܷܵҪѵܹ˴˺ǵĺöӣˣúȥҪȿȣܡ

һ⻰óסĲӣ죺ǲܣСľͷҪߣ




152.  ϼһ--   һ

152--ϼһ

ԵСһǿ, Һûдɼܡ
ʱһЪ˸ȥ, ظ

ѩش, ټĹͬа㡣

Һ͹һĳž֮ϣʱ, ֲͷȸںߴѩ, ʱʱĿЦ, 

ңϻ, ֮ǰ, ײšĵԴ޶̫ࡣ

¶, û뵽ȴҧŲš

뵽ˣҲɵص̾˿

ôˣ
ְҽϵѩȥ, ֣øŵ̫ԶЩ, ѹʣߵ˴, 

ЦЦ, û

Ϊ˷, Ҫġ
Ħҵĸ첲, 

ôܲġ
Ťͷ, ̾ҲƼ, Һռ˱£߲ĸڿӣԺǲð

˵ָ, ദӾˣ޶ŮȻҵпͷѪĹң곤¶࣬ЩѾͷǲ⣬˵ļ⣬ܻ治١

ѵĻ֣ǾǿǷѾ˼֪СˣǶЩˡ
ŤͷҪģǽСǽ˵ģϻ壬檣ˣЩίڱºͳδռƽϣֻڱ̶

ַģ
ֱֵ˷飬ԴǿеĸͬǸҸĸŲء¿ŮǺںһǸĺӣպúλùϵŲص£ȫˡ

ǣ˭Ӻֵܣ»ϵ˭
ЦģūȻ°á

ˣܼҲ˳ЩգиϴЩǮ
ҽ˾䡣

ūܼǻĪҪᡣ
ͷǰ˷ɣҲܼҺżһΪݣᵽϺϣǵմŭūãδؾŲյ֣ǽôˡ˷ϴĽǨܼϸĺöĶ飬ֻżӾУַ޵ĹͷĪҪ˿ʵĪҪñʲô

ˡ
ǵסֵĸ첲̾˿ȥ磬ô·Լһߣ֪ٻأ˶ٴοϵҸǰ˵ʵ綼ˡ

ϡ
æɷūˣū޿ҲܿǰѾǰĸ֡

˵ĵڣȻƼµļɽǱˣ谺ĸ̫ࡣ

ȻƼˣһè˿˰

Ц
ͣ½Ųװûһѩ
׻˵߳ࡢīߺڣѸСӽʥҲŤתŤӣʲôװø˳ȾľƵģɰĿﲻʹˣѻŮϡ

üͷ壬߿ࣺͷĽ˵ҵĴүѧǫӴ¼µĹСֺñıǰ̣ڳĹ۸ǰȻ͵סּҴү˽ȥ̽á˶ݴֹȣԴΪвѾʷټҷ磬úùܽǵĶӡ
ҹⳤ̾˿ε΢Ѿͷ˳Ĺۣ̽һҲûʲôġ

˵Ұֵĸ첲

ֻ⣬б۳սǱ߳ȥæĲˡ

Ŷ
ɻ

ЦżҹСС;֪ʴʣ̫ûаҹӣŽȥĹ۷˼ڹ׷ǹʵģοͬأһһգūֽ϶üʹģ飬ůůͺ͵شɽ亣ζؽţܸСء

ϻ߯ˣ𱾹ˡ
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ԭ˵ģȸ͵Ҷߣ˵˻˵Ѿв˭˭ݷ

ҵʱ˾ǻظˡˡͷĸš
СӶһ̶벻ңƼҴɴˣҪͬȥûӣֻܴСڡ

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ϵЦɢңĬ

ҽһֻоͷ΢΢ΣЦ檲լˣɲ鳯κҲҲ˱µ뷨ԸմǸǰָǸСȥɱκ
ҡͷίر죬Ц檸һϲգڹأӻҲ㳯˰ɣ檲ֲˣ˽أǸˣߵȫڡáĸϣҲֶΪǰȥȢĴҹ㣬Ϊη磬ίԼġ

еĽթȥȡ֮ͽԳԵãЦŷУͨ͸ڣγأϸðˣԷ

˵æҪȾơ

ְסľƱȻǳЦʵھӻˣǿǳ׵õ˱µģպܲڳ¸棻ˣ±ضҵĶǣѪ飬Ҳֻܲɺϡλڳ¸Ժкôô㣬ӳԿأǲ¸磿

ϳɿƱǳЦӵ治ԭΪ֣

Ҹ˿СٿЦӴǰһˣ⼫ЩӲǺжˡǾ仰½ݶӵġŮӯ䣬ȵӵĵߣһעŮ죬޷ʹùıȡǰ̣¸Ӹ˫ӵƽ֣·ӵء

˫΢УЦſϳ:ӯ˵ģɵײģ԰ɣϻֵܣҿûʲô顣Сֻ̣άӯ䣬ɱˣδԹǺζ

ԲɩӾû뺦뷨ֻвв

Ǻ⣿
ϳӿɱ⣬Ц뱨ڲŮϣ

⵹ǡ
Ҵеţ⣬ԱķСݸҲǨŭˣ¸е㲻ʹ죬ǲǵó̬ȣ

ˣСߣӣԼĸ첲ϣЦţˣпڵ⣬ʣΣ

ϣòô⣬̫ˡ
Ŀ´ϳµɲҧЦǳ¸ϸӳԿ貹ǿٺòˡ

Ӱ
ϳɫЩҰףظһһȻڰŭǿЦԴϲαأ

󣬲ŽԴϲġ
ҽҧŲţһߺ߳ŽС˯һ߶ϳЦһвɱɣѪɶı֣Ҳٻ꣬һѹ·𲻹֡

Ƭ̣
ȭһӣЦǿŵô¸ǡ
˵˵һС嵽ϣ̿¿Ӻ㣬˫ȶҰ˲濪˿ӣҧסüͷȻȻǰС

ۣ׼ӵʱһץסĸ첲

ۣüȻؿҡ

һЦСӵӿЦˣ¸羹ˡ¸˵ӲһѪˣʲô

ɳƬ̣Ц
һӲϵ亹һߴѣƣұȭЦģѽԽԽˡ

ʱѩСЩ沨ԣŨĺɾ֮С

ģϲٵɢɽˮ

ȻﻹſûپŲţǡôһ˴˶ӡ

С¯ϵĲˣ˹ðϳµյﵹ˱Цˣ̫ɫˣʵֻҪԺ󰲷ؼʺ֮ˣƽʲô

ϳĿƵؿңЦ仰ŵѾأҪʲô

Ҿյϳ¸˱
Ȳеľȫɢ˻졣
ſҪ˯ŵ̾˿ϵϳ£ڳжˣʮ꣬εĳպߣ






155.  ѩ   ѩ˺Сѩ

156--ѩ

ʳָ, պ˵ˮдˡơ֣پ, ľ, ̧ͷЦ

ǰ, дʹˣʱ˶˵, ûǰ, ֻĵȴ
˵, ɿһ, Цˡƽ֮, ɸͬʱΣҲ𡣡

æʣ谣

ԣ
ϳһѽַȥͽˮա

Сӵȷ˷
ҷ˸, Цֻʽ΢·ҲǸİ

ô, ʲأ

ɽһЦ, ŵ, ë, 㲻Ϊ֪Сڳͱ, 㲻¶, ֻҪӹȰ̵, һ䣬վڹλãɿŵƣ

üϸ˼Ƭ, ﲻԸϣҲ̹ϵ˵

ȥǵճӣڱºȵ۸ǰʮ꣬ܳ谮ӣƫزǺȻָһһϦıġ

ԽԽ侲һһطȣ¼Ϊ϶Щ谵Ʃ°ɣӹʱõøһƵģһȨĻȨô̩ɽһҹͱݣ۶գֳ֮
粨տʼʱСʵΪ游ĸ飬װ˹ȥϸ룬ò˵СϻǺ壬֪Լţұ½ĸףҶƫ￴ģ˳ű£̹Լĸ׵ĹͺСģˡ


ɵͷųҲԿֵơ

ֻоһƣŵΣӣֻжӳܲδ֪

ɴ˸ָЦ˵ˡȫزۣӲıգǾ뺣һˮ谣߹СмƷĳ佫Ҳ˵Ѿ٩٩̸ˣһҪΪ˾ߣɶרУССϣýȥԬĻͺ˲ˣ˵̫ˡʱĽ䣬Ļ룬Ҳˣڱŵ

ĵľˡ

ҽȫϣ̾˿СӸշĸҾޱ䣬ӱŤЩԺὫЩŤȫȥ̻װǵʱҶӵ֮ôοҾ֮סŴ룬Ĵݣ϶뷨ӵ谸ǰÿÿ뵽ЩҾ͵ǵҹߡ

ӿ͸ġ

ƣЦϸǰȰȥݣҷʲô

ʲô
Ҳǰ㣬Խš

ݵŴ룬ӦǼٵġ
ϳָ棬Ц

ٵģ
ҵ˿



ϳһ΢΢סüҲǹ۲պƲģʲôأճȥŴ룬Ҳճ飬̯˵徭ȴ𱾡ׯӡһҴıѧ֮ʿôׯ򵥵ĳʶ֪УһϽеˣһ¥ֱǰǶԱߴ治غǳעУôǰգĸǧӼţݳȶ꣬Ŵͬʱɽϵʯߣȫޡ

ѿǣ

ü죺λǼٵģŴȥĶ

ϳһЦأ

Ҷ˶񣺡Ҫľ谣Ŵض᷵سиΨһϣҪľΪͼıضҺ÷奵˵ĵϸҰв֣Դա



ϳµͷ΢Цת棬̾갵ĴãءûзŴӰǸ˲ģմ˱һꡣ

ˣ

ûиһô

еУɱ谽зϣɱ谽棬ɱ谽жᡣ
ɺȻЦҲ𼱣㻹ǺռƵġ̹ȨҲҪץʱƽ󣬵ʱĶӸǿ谲վõطûУǾ仰ϣˮһա

Ѿ˺ܶ࣬Цлָ㣬Ѿˡʴ磬㣬עʲô

ڡ
ϳѿڶﲻã棬ɹ͹滹һµģǸˣڴδȷ£վκһСҲѧˣȫ֮أ̼ǵú֮᲻չĺŮխԸ˾۵Ů˺ӣ󱻾۷
ԪĿЩûż׹ݺĸף谺ͺãֵҪãų⣬ǸԵ֮飿

תָϴŵĺ챦ʯָͷ΢Цү˵

ڴʱԵȸ﷢ƺҪѡ

Һϳ²Լͬͣڣⳡ̸

ͭ̿ȻϨ˲㰵ɫ֬С¯ϵĲҲ

ʱĨЩɫҩӣ.Ƥ߷ϣûһֱǸľɡΨΨŵŵҴ˸ǧߵͷ߻

̧һŵĶų塣
ϻ׵ͷѩ紵ɢңָɣԽԽ죬һڽϡ
˫ַľȻͷңݺᣬץסһǣ¹Թ޵۳ɣͷ£ʹࣺ

ﳼΪڲƭ壬ʵټͻӣﳼԭ£
ųһʱݺᣬʹ飺ﳼӦˣԭҲֻʣ٣ĻԽԼͿﳼսԾ

ۿų塣
϶ڿ˵ڲƭûд˼ǰ̵̰ðŵԴķո¶ҺİԼϲ֣

ڣ綼ȸԾֹһˡ

˵ĶĻ
æ˫ַϣЦʼĴˣûֵ檵ӣûлỳУʱ綼ƶֺˣ檻˫ӣҲϤϡ


ų庬ᣬص̾˿Լһ⡣

Ķϵĸ첲ĪҪ

ҴŻĶӣ̾ȵ۽̤볤һ񱾹ãȵʵһүǱĶˣ鱾ǵãԭΪΣȷʵı㺦̥

ȭͷ߬ǰȥѾ쿿

ҽ½ǳЦǰȵɣպǱ´٣үܻسׯǸĺõطɽˮסաһı£ҲԸƽͷϰƲΪ£̺øʵڡ



*

ɫҲûׯٶ΢ׯĿ󣬱Ŷӻسȥˡ

յѩͣˣɢ͸Ƶͷسɽȥ

ҡҷڹٵϣѩ֮֨֨

ںĽﱧ¯ؿȱ档
ǵڣû̫Ѩһһۡ
Ӧ֪ϳ㿶󷽣ӣΪǽѣͼˡ

˵ȸѣǵ̸ֹ㡣

һǰߵΪ£Ϊϡ͡¡·ȷպһýתڸǳϣԸ谹ȻҪҲܱĩá

ҪϳҲΪµġϾӼ߰ߵҪһ.ɡǡɣԪ䲻ΪսݵľߣҪʱһ黹ǿеġ

ϳҲһǴȷʵְ߳Ҳáɺϡ˶׽ȥˣоŴĽѿǣڽȷʵǸġ

һҲסڣѸǰֹ䣬ŪسʱҺ谶ܾˣмռ˱ˡ



Ϸ˼֪ȸɵһһΪģӺӵ˺ɼҲûˣ˭֪Ѿͷȥͬ˵Ҹᡰˡӣװ˺ܣʮ겻Ὺ˵һ֣ҪҽڶˣԴ

οء

ں˼䣬ҺȻƼ˺ֽ

һΪ˲ɣϽԼȥļ棬ǴƷҩŵͷٱʱϻҷϱͳһƳס

ˡ
æֽжߣŰ

Ҫ
Ҫ

Ǹ棡
Ұһѽڻ
ΪѵļԺʹ徭ĵӣҲʼֻҪſն͸̣ջۣ档
Сľͷ￼
ұŶҡ壺Ǵˣظѩ̡ġ

һѩ̣˾ѿڶ󴫡򡷡b

Сľͷģ
˿С
ҿԼӣҶϻ۹ˣ۸ʲôһ͹
㣬Сʱʶ¡ǾʫʲôţŽ̹ġ


˹Ƶҡͷ

֪װüһЦѽ治ѩѩ

ǡǡ
ˣæСʱʶ£̣״ƭӣ˵

ϡ
ұˣ㻹ʫˣУʹѸѩˡ

ڽӷ棬Ҷ˵ƭ

أǻڻϳ˵жʱŵģҲû⣬һûһ˾䣺ڴϣ˭ѽ

үүͶүү
شЦүүս游ġ

ҵԴ˵һըԡ
Ǹ
ü죬˿ĭ̽ʣ֪ͳүү˵ʲôˣ

ڿС첲űȻүү۸ףţ׺
˵ָԼСţţаЦҪүүĴţţóóأߣ
˿ͷʳָԼϻ˼£룬ֶЦ˵ ׺ͳүү˵谸磬ڸ硭

˵ˣ
Һȶһסӵ졣
ǧСѷ
СǸ˵ʲôƫƫ
ˣ
ʶҿѹһԶӵԱ˵үүڴֻǳ㣬𣿡

ҵŵˣηգۣСغңױͲƯ~

ڴʱȻͣˡ
ͷĦʱͷˡ

ѣ
Խˣѯʶӣʲôˣ
ǰⷬ˵ҲǸ
æ׺ݣŻǸ˵йسүү£ͲҪˣ˵

䣬Ҿǰˡ

ţͷ̤С̫ıˡ
ɫ멣ͷ˫ϷڣôĿ˹ģһƼңȻһЦ

ôˣ
ұŶŲЩڳط¯ݸ

¡
ѽӹ¯յҸǰؽҴӱסʳָ˹°ͣЦ谶ֶײ㣬޵㲻ˣ͸ϽѰ㣬˭֪˵㵽κˣѩ㵹ֵңޡ

˵ģʶķӦϳ¶˿Գǿˡ
Īţ֪ʲôӦңȥλݺǿ֣ɡ

ֻˣ

֨ѽѽѩյʹڳϣǺÿ

ͷѣûɵһƣۺܡ
Ѫ϶ɣƴΪԼϴѣ÷奡ϳ¡Ľж϶ΪԼͼı˭ܹҵ
ΩѣΪģʹǧұʱ򣬵ĵȷȷΪһҹ׷Ҹǰǿš

ôˣ
Ѹ˿ҵͷʣôƼ㲻̫ˣǻΪ谶ǷʱѾطˣ

ǡ
СèƵϣָͷĦϵƣૣûһпˣѣǰܾĶɣͦġԪ˶ӣ·ᵽĲˣߴʤνˣĴмǾȨƣȨ̵ʲôջڱУ̫ˡ

ˣ޶ϰˡ
СèƵģҵͷͱЦ㲻ϲֶоȷʵᷳġʵ͹һôģ޽͵ˣϷʱ棬ʱһƣΪֵ˷Ѿۻܶء

ұЦˣ˿ϵ嵭Сʱ˲١

˭֪ڴʱѴĦЦʣʲôˣ

ҵʱֽˣ˫۲ԲҲԾճȭ
ָͷԼԴϴ˴һңһֿȻЦ㡣
˵ø첲·裬״ľͷȥүү٣Ƕүүѽ

˿˲亹
Ϊ˱˵˵ĻæסѵĲӣЦղŸԼˣʫǱˣʹѩ̡ôȥ

ֱӣб۳⿴ȥͷŲ͹ˣôܸƵҰԪҲעͳ


ߥŶӣЦȥѩѩ

˷ܼˣţƤƵĲһ§סѵĲӣ˲ƭȥ棬ȥ档

úúá
εЦûӣͣ

ӴСϻñӣϺӣһǰһ

³һɺӭҲ˸
ȥʱٵϻ˺һѩϦ£Ƶʹڽ׵ѩϣɫ㣬ɷǺÿ

һѩͷˣײײܡ
Ҳ±Щ͹ǿ׷ŶȥƼ԰Żʵүļӣ˫ͱƤůЦؿҺͶ֣ԭһ
ѩɸӣѴȥôͷϡ

һ㶡

˲ʱ䣬̫µùһأѹ̧ͷ

˫ֲ߰°ͣƵĿѽ~

˿ڣŤͷתӣվԶЩ
꣬һѽůˤڵϣҲץѩ

ͷһŤͷûš

ôʰ㣡
ѸҨһѩצسҳ

ϣ
ұšˣæܣͬʱҲӵץѩסسѴ򣬲Һ죬Ͻѩ

һʱ䣬֡òɿ
æˣһ״һְץס
ģⱲӶûôûôʹЦ²˺ܶѩҲ䡣

һѩˣҲ˵ӦС
Ҳ˫ֱѩ˸ͨ죬һѩˣ·ʰʯӶ䵱۾ӡ
Ҵӷϰ½ڰѩͷϣ䵱ң
򽫴ϵĻΧڴѩ˲ϣ䵱

ѩ˸ǰСѩ˵ĶӣŤͷҺѣָѩˣЦǵ

԰
Ѷǰץסӱ˵˫֣ԼڱߺЦȻ޵ıٶѸСľͷ

á
Ҵ˴˫֣࣬һѩ˸ԲԲԴСѩˣСѩͷϲ֦Сľ
أҼһСأҲɵһЦ

ôˣ
Цʡ

ѩˣѵ˭
üЦ

ɲǶԶСģ
ѻȻҡͷЦ
֣ڴСѩ˸ǰСѩˣҶȡ¶СѩͷϣЦǕDDǖFFãһԲ

òá
죬һѽСѩ˶ѵˣҪǣСľͷһ˵ġ

⺢Ҳ߯Եˡ
šıӣѵ⡱ˣǵܵܣôǲס

Ͳ
ֱɵѩװޣǣֻһСѩˣҪҪDDFF

ҺһЦƤҲش
ԵƤûҲ˼ˣƨվСƵߵDDFFѩ˸ǰ죬б͵ҺѣЭǺðɣҲǵġ

ҺҲ̲סùЦ

ô龫Ķӣһʲôء

ڽѩ塣




156.  ֻС   СϻССꡭ

156--ֻС

ʮ

ȥ, Ѿǿƽʮꡣ

֪ѷ߹ʮ꣬, Ѿʮͷ, Ҳ污һ̫ƽʢ

̼ǵõ껹÷ʱ, ޶ŮǮ÷她», ʱҷǳ־ʮ, Ϊû, ֿտ, ǰ̺ͽǻҰġ

ңҿ˷ֿ־ͽ, ¸ҵسʮһ

˳ѣ˼, ӣҾನܺͷ

Ҿͷ, ʵʮ겢, òƸǼͥ, ľӪ, , һһνá

, ӭʮꡣ
ô˵أ
˵ܺܶ˲, ʮңաʵûб٣, еɫʱˣøС˵Ļ˵˫۾һйµģּᶨ

Ҹл´͸ҵι¡

ʵʱʮ꣬ел谵ĲżݺΪСӵΪϺͳɵǸ֮ضľ֣㹻ɺͲѵĿԣʮҺͺһֱסڹ⡣

﹬ȫͬ˼

ڹҺǾϵͷйѹţǰйͱݣ޲ҪоزעԼݣ
ڹ⣬Ǿͨķ޹ϵᳳֻЦᱧһ˯

ʮ꣬ҿԴɴڵˣӪ⣬µ·
ҿԸӣֻ֪һǾǸҪǣڵ׵Ľ³ĺúӡ



˵⣬Сȡ۵Ϊ֬ˮͷЩҳ֬ۡ¥Ϻׯ⣬½½⣬ཿܣ񳤰ֻҪһᵽԼҹĴָһԴ

˭뵽̷˾˻Ϊ̳

ϳڻ˵ͬཿй֮ףһʼһཿϳµʵ֤ҵĵǶġ
ཿϳѧ꣬ϳµưչ⡢˼ʶ˷ֿʱϳཿܾˣתϳһɽˮլӡ

һʱ̸Ц׷ף⾿˭˭أ

ίȰཿ˫ȫûɸң
ཿЦЦ˵ŮһӵĹޣδؾլĺգҲһ⡣

ǰʱˣ˸Ů
˷׷״⣬ཿŮ˭˵׸ɣ˵ǳ׸٣Ҳ˵ཿĻ֮Ҳ˵ĳλ߹٣˵Ǹǰδ幫ӡ
ཿû˵ҲʣǸˣȻѡѺӸԣô˽еһеĺ



˺ӺҾ͸оʱúÿ졣
ǰһǻӤһ̶С꣬СӶ񳤵ñһ˰ͷء

о׻Ķӻ򶴡

֪ѵ֣ӲĶȥǳϵĴϻۣһĿƩǻɬѶġ顷һ飬ϾܱžĻʷĴˣԼȥ¾ע裬Ū߰˳׺ȥʦѧʿ

ѧϣ⺢ҲäӣԼһѺѧʿۡ

Ǵϲӵģ˸ǰͱֵĵģжһͬʡǰģÿ˯ǰҪ̳ûΪ˴֮ϰһֱڡ

ȻϣӳɲŵģһʣʱߣҺཿٵȥ̸⣬ʶһ̰֮£һʲô̳ս

ʱҲ᲻̫ùҲ᲻á

ⲻͷѰиһƣӿɳ뱱˾ͬʱúֳ̫䰲ȥӪˣѵĻ˵кˣȭ䣬ǿ塣

ôСڽϳģ߯Ұ˽»ľŻȭŹСʱܶݣظŪ׻ֵˣٻ̫̫Ǿ˺ཿ״˵ԼҶӱúòң˺úùܹܷү

Һһʼǿĵؽͷã£ɣ٣ԹԵſ£ƨȻ˼£´λҲң
˭֪⻵СӸҺѵȲ裬Ц˵»аŮ竣մ󣬴򵽶ԷСΪֹ

СӻЦ˵ȭͷɲȫշˣӲС
⻰æܳȥڵϴˮСʣźݽţɷнµģвȭͷշԷķӡ
˵СǰŪмİɣʲôСᣬҪǻ鳤̻ûй̹ᣬҹ˽ʲô˵ĹĹλС


СȻ˵򣬵ĳ֪ľʵݺڦǰôӳ֣ǿƽɢСᡣ
Ѿ䣬⻵СӴظޡѧʿĹ̫̫ˣһо͸޸£ӷݼĹΡ

ݶĹүܣ٣Ȼҡ

ҸѿЦ˵¶ܵ顣

ʵ˫ӣǸһ۰ġ
˵ɵȤ£ҹꡣ

˵˫ӦʱѽѽӤģĵÿ𾢶ˣЦֽУԴЩҺѻ뿴һ˫ӵǲܸӦԷ

һʼ棬ղסˡ

Ʃϵʱѽɴ빬Ѱ˸ͷ˶ƨɣڸɣȻɿĨܹҽСƨƨȣǲǵòˡ

õʱȵøһƵģһ쵽һõʱɰޡ
ÿܺѾǽվţѵֵܼҪദҪãܴˡ
ɣؿŸ״˵Ǹ۸ܵܣɱ׾˵ֱӶ֣ãСƨɵֺ

Ϊֵ꣬Ժĸڿ˸СԺݴͨˣסһֵܵС̫ࡢŮĸֶҾѡģ˭Ҷӡ

ҹûµʱҺҹҲ˭

ʹˣ½ȫʱֺͦݵģҺѣ绢ǣ
ɾСꣻ
ɕDDҲ˵ͨС

ͷ۵ľǸDD飬ÿض˺ε
ƩDD󴫡ġ鹫һڣ˵鹫ڸ̨õˣЦؿ˱ͷܣˣ鹫̰ڸ֮Ӹƣ˭֪û죬Ͱѳʦɱˡ

ѵı⣬DDΪ֮˭֪DDСͷѣΪʲôҪõˣ񲻺ôҲҪһ˸һòãΪʲôҪƣϲѼƣûԱܲܳѼҹ

ôֱĿڣҧгݵصɣľɵҲ
DDץСԴʣľ˭ΪʲôҪ

⻰ѲûôƢ˵𣺡ľ㣬ľ
ֱ෢۵̫ѨЦã޵Ķô
һԵСFFչͼӴףǲǣҺôһǵģDDô϶éģ

⻰ǳɣ˭֪ʱѹֱһץסѵĸ첲ʣǷô׵˭ǲǵҹģ
һαֻӺ壺Ȼ͖FFһģһǼģҲǣǺƭء

ӴԺѷԽɣӺԺ˸ƢºĵıޣǱȥɣĻ˵ٽȥ޶ᱻݱģô谶Сʱ򻹱

ÿʱҾЦȰҲÿӶһϻۣ˵Ĳã⺢ƷԺðʵТ˳֪ɡ

˵谣ǣСӺҵƲĲ࣬ʮȻ٣װ̣ڳһ϶Т˳¶Եܵƣǰʿ̴ؾʾͷɻˣǱ麣·ĵճỤ̊Ҳԡ

СӵĵһŮģʱѣһ֣ҽ˵£˵ˣϲԪģĳҲˡ
ʱǡڸǰ磬ڨЦֳ⻰˵ĲˣܵĸԭǵδӣǹĵŮ߹󣬶ϣܺ˵ȵүĲˣϻǰµʱ򣬿ʹүүͬͬ⣿Ҫүүոֽ˼ô˵

һ仰Ͱ谸ȥˣ谲ַ
Ӵ֮Ҳֵ£ǸŮҲϸ

ʵҲҹǽҪԡ

һסڹסڹ⣬٣Ҳ
Щ꣬ٴӳ˵ǷǷǣ֪谶Ҳ⣬Ҳ÷Ϻңټÿÿż磬ȷʵҲܸо谵⣬ϲ硣



꣬ڳЦ䣬߹ʮꡣ




157.  Сͼ   Ů±

156--Сͼ

ҹһѩ, һƣװع

ʱɴ, ȥ濴Ȧ, ̸ͬ˱ʲɹʳǾޱ¶⡣
緹ƫЪ˸, ֻʹҴһظˡ

ʱ, Ȼͷ׷ѩ
ٹһ, Ҫμӻ, Ϊרı, ǰͰᵽ˸Ժҹ, ־󸹬۹

ʱ죬뵱Ҹջسʱǻ, ѳɼӡ

̼ǵʮǰ粨Ѵ䰲μҵĹ, úμϵѧö, ֪仨⡢ˮ, ͺεû, 󵹽Ȣ˺μҹ

һֱ֪Ǹصĺ, ôڲѰҳ, Ҫͷء

䰲μʵҽ, һլභˮ̫룬ֵ޹ȥίһǴ˴ӽ, Ĳ
˼䰲Ǵ̵ϽƢѹʲô¡ԪƷسﴢģԸǲԸǿС˶֣ʷ޷ͼʸ֦

Ǵҹ㣬ûѰٻ˽£游͸׸ǰ±̬˵ʲôãֻԸ޸ѧպίҲغμҿޡ
˾Ҳ·ģȢμŮ檶ȢضҪ󸹬۹𣬸ӡĸھ

䰲һʼǲԸͷвĽƷ֣ѯѺѧʿνԼȥ̸⺢ǿ˵ùȥŴӦŻ¡

ƽ꣬ӭȢ˹Ĺ
Ľ˵С޻ǳĸʮأ밲һβ䣬۶ϱ࣬˵ԺòŹźҪ֪ѾͷԼֳ趨ʡ
˵ˣⷿͱ̫̫峤ѹ˶꣬˵Ϊп˼δػ˵˶ӣϱˣҲû˵ĸ͹˵Ƿǡ

Ľÿÿͬ˵£ڲסĸˣ˵ǰ뱲ԭүǰѸں뱲ӡ

أ

̼ǵõƼСϵŸɰ˾䣬˵Ů赾͵ļ
ʱҲû⣬ͷСӹʦƵݺͳػأͺҹ㺡

Ļ˳ˡ
ûԭ򣬽ݴʷ˼Ǹˡ
һ֪ѷǳҲϲƷ˲ţ˵׵ʱһʣ˵ڽסգ̸ʫ۵ЯΣǳؾͽӵĻ¶ˡ

ƽ赾ˡ

˭뵽Ϊ⣬ȥ̷˾ӽ䣬ôƹ˵·ŷƵġ



ظһɫԽСյֺ࣬ȸȥѧǱơ
ѩ滨׷£Ʈ԰еĺ÷ϣŮӣƮ˱泩

Ըÿղܶϡ
ҶһԴɡȸЦڽҹòԡ

ȸ΢Цŵͷ
ȻָԺӣʾһ֦÷ȥƿ

Ťͷȸ

ʮȥȸЩ˸˵ķʽٱ֧˺챦ʯĽΣ˵źСܿϵһɰ̡
Ѿͷ˵ظ豭ˤ˲Ӽ󣬴˺û˵һ仰

οء

ȣûһ˾ߵѧá

Ǹ«εĹţԿγ䨵һʫѧеãө顱

ѧݴͨҶӺЩڴ˶飬Ǽ᷿Ϣ÷ұǲ󣬰£Ǹĺõط
ʱѧͷ̫Сˣ¯صš

ȻƼСǱ߹ò绨Ѿͷʮģ˫٣ɫСɨüǳ촽ããѩһĨ÷㶯ˣźһѾͷ˪Ỵ̈зӺͷֵ

Ҳڴʱѧ߳꣬ҵĴ
ʮˣѣƫ˹Ŀü˵Ұԣ΢΢̣Цøɾʡ
ۣͷϴŶϷĨŵСţƤѥЦŻ

ү
˪ϥһ񣬽¯ݸߵصͷūŹʱظˣҪѧأɵעЩ

֪ˡ
ץһѹӶб۳ѧ￴ȥЦ⻹СʱѧˣҴӡ֪ζիصǺһûζ

ˡ
˪ڵһºˣ۲ת͵͵ǳЦ˸һ֣ͷлأйӵζ˿ڳ㣬ūлүʹ͡

ʲôġ
˪ıתߡ
ڿżʱСŤͷŮüһЦϲĻ»Ҷ򼸺ӡ



Ƽ⻭棬ôôء
Щ꣬ҿ䡰ġ͡ѹµǺģԣҲѶǹ̫̫ܵⲢζҵ۾ǡ

Ѿͷͦ
ҷ·٣Цֵ˳ѧúԺȥ

ģǲǸһŮϳ
ַסңѹÿүߵ̫Сģ˪Ѿͷү񲻶ԣ˽¶˷ȻǼүӣүҲǼաǶŮ֮ºʱôܵסաС˼ǰãڣܵūϱǶڹء

ˣ
üʡ

ֻ֣úͷŵĹԶЩ˪ԭǹ԰ӵĹŮڸʮˣ֪֪׵˶ͷūСүѡѾͷū˪ʵĲֳĬʵͽ

Ħҵĸ첲ҿȦԴСūū˸ģ˰ж˪ȻŲĿգͶķһ˽ã֮ˡ
ūĸڶķȻĹ˵˼λʣˡ
ԾƺģǮ¼¿ծø֪Ǹ¡ĺͿŲ˵һЩε£ܻȡϰӣֶΪء
ѾȫȫȡΣʹ򸾣ҹʹСүǰ˵ʲôСүСүպǻŮҲܷһ񲻳˻׹ݣ

ޣ
˿ڣ뷨跨Ҷӣ߰ӣ֪ҹǰź󳣳һ˵϶ϸǵþ˪澣ҲҪ֪¡


ü˪źСү꣬ȻʲôҶķ˲綼ʧӰ٣ǽ¸£ƾ֤ģС˻ᵹһңǶķ˼̸ѾͷҲûʲôǳϡ

ްģֻܰĿڹõǣĽ˴ӵġ
ҵһЦ֣ʲô

ִյҶߣϸǳԿ̴ؾʩɢףøʺƵ˽أĹܣŮʿѰ֣֪΢Ҳˣȹ¿տҲ±㡭ӹӳȥʲô֣ȥ˲ˮŮҲԸ⣬֪ϣĲԸֱŤء

ͦõġ
ҷٱߵķΣһЦ΢ƵĸҲ˵ͲȫȫԼأ¡ӴŮˣĹסģҲòס

ЩҰ˶谵ĶСҲҸﰲˣˣžͿ鴢ˣܲô

˵䣬һ˾ߵ˺Ժ
Ϊ˲鿴Сûкúö飬Ѽǰ˾Ʒ˸ľ磬οյĸ䣬ҺͻѲ顣

Һֵŵͷ͵ѧ￴

ѧʮֳյůǽ˿ʦȰѧ֮ԣױľңγѧдľ仰ΪģΪΪʥ̾ѧΪ̫ƽ

ѧеֵúܡ

żμӻԸǣкμҵĵεԶСӴڣԳ÷ʣʱֺѧʿظǽۣڽټտѧС˲٣üͷŽǡ
мһûһط飻
ұŕDDFFĽĶСѧ˵ܵĶӸ

ʱɖFFſϣ֧ʣҵֽϻͷϿŸСߣīɫİӣ׺˰׺ƤģƤְףСལƯµŮӣ

ǶСӕDDأ
ķΣ˫ͱͲ˯ͷ´ֳˮ
ŸԺ֮ͣʮģĺºͣű䷳ظɽѧ

ɰʷǡƣԡʫ顷񡷡̣֡ӸǧɣͨʮжˡģʮܣƩзأԨ幡ɣ㻹ǲǵԨǳͷȸ˵ջء

۾ţءء

֮˿סغ壺ɰ˯˹Ѿºһξˣձ¿Ҫģٴ߳νĵġ

ͷһߣСŴ΢΢ź:ɴɡ

֮ûӣֱԼš

ڴʱƼǻСŶȣӶӣӽȥɺȻѣ˯ҿȦƤӽȥŤͷ֮ͣԺŽء

֮ͼˣϲæʮܰ

˭֪֮͸˵˲֣СԴһᣬָ˯ˡ

ڴЦŰѹӶס

Ƽˣȭͷ߬סŭܵܵιأСİˡ
ҡͷεЦЦ֣֣Сӣϲ˭

ĴȰҪˣЦūϲΰ

ŤͷЦȸأ
ȸֱȻգգۡ

ࡣûϲҵС۶ѽ
ҽƣҵıҶ
ڴʱͷܽС̫࣬λӺͺִѧʿһ˺δȥӰʻλɡ

һʲôʱ˵Ļʣ϶ĸСӼٴŵġ
ȻƼɕDD͵վӲ˰ϵĿˮԺҼһ񣺡ߡ

ѧʿەDD˦ӣ˵飬Ϊʦٻۡ
ȦӣɫˣǰѧĪҪɣù˰дˣ

䣬׵ĺǵ˻һƵܳѧãѧʿҲαޣ첽뿪
ʱѧþʣεԶɡ

׼ȥȻƼӲ֣ɴ򰵺š
ɻ⣬æܹȥŹϣ⿪СӣͷͳķİݸٺЦ磬㣬Ļһ۶û򿪿

š
˰ɵͷǱߣϣƼɺһȥվס
ЦŽ⿪óЦ֪ٹһ¾ͿˣλŵҹߣⲻܸƵĺ

ʲôѽ
ַ飬Ȼߵͨ죬סѹôа飬ñº֪㡣

û¶
һӣȻǾãŵѾȥ;¥һ캮ѩλٺòˡ

üͷɵʲô飬ɡ
һһ¾ˣ׼ȥѵСӣȻɖFF͵СǱ
СżߵǸǰ͵ؽϵߣݵص˼ۣüЦԭ.飬ˣҪߵȥ

Բüģɣҡ

ɽڱ󣬵ͷƫ

ȭͷƹȥٲ飬Ҿ㣡

ң
ɻˣرס飬Ц˻£һңҶҪߵ֤ݡ

ߣӣյǰ磬۱ϻˣֱӿɡ

סɣ˫ۻס°͸߰˵ɣʲô

һϲס񣬸̸Ի㣬Ҳ˵¸ȥˣôȥ


סĸ첲Ӧȥģʵʵ

Ҿȥ״
ɖFF˸ۡ

롣
ЦһƽɣӸµؿűһͷĵܵܣָɵļ򣺡˹Ȼвңȥھȥ״Сͽҽƨɿ

ɱˣæЦҾ͸㿪Ц

ұûðɣͷͷתȥǳ⣺㻹˭
ʱƼˣ嵽ҸǰұؿޣҪңҪҰ

û¶
סɣӶӻùҳдšŮ±֣շһҳƼͷһһŮڹ³ղϸŹ̡
D
߬ס飬ȥĶģ

͕DDˣŵñͷܡ
׷ӣӵʱ򻹲ɖFFһţ˾СͽܵûӰˡ
׷ҰСӣԸңȥȥץץ˱ͣ

ʱҿƨɣ޿ߵҸǰסҸ첲״ˣˡ

ûû¡
סɣ壺ס߻






158.     

157--

ѩҹǳ, ͷż簧ͬޡ

ڵյȣ¯ȼˡ㡱, ϵİƲƿ֦÷, 䵽ǰĲյ, ˭㡣

ʱվǰ֡
ױ̨ǰ, ʮһյڷͷ, ໤ϵƤ, üëͽë, ҶŹ

һͷһ߿еԼ, ɰϸҲȡ
Ů˵òҪոһյ⾭Ӫġ
˵Ļ, òͬһУϺռ, ⲢҪ, 侲ʡ顢Ӿĸ˺ϳʶ, ϵԼ, Ҫ

üС, žӹüβ
СӖFFɵҸǰСԲ, ոԡ, ͷ΢ϴź£ִߺ֬, ţԼֱĨЩ

кЩ֬ѽ۶ģ
ѺȻ

ŵһ⣬æɹ޷£졣

ôʲô
˾䣬ϵЩǾޱˮӰϵ֬ȥƼͷϻǸߣҲҡͷЦЦ
龫С۶ľҲԼȡ˸µŻͷȥѲ飬ҲԼ˸Сģȥ

ˣ°ɡ
֣׼ȥСߡ

˭֪Сְס˷
ţƤƵĲסңøȥĻˣٹ£ˣ̤档ҳô󣬻ûɪʹúӯСأȥĲôƫģר۴ӣСӡ

ԹԴڳ
ֺǳ
±ʣ˿ָͷϵī˫ֱ󣬴߹Ӹµؿɣǳ⣺ȻȥǾͲõСͽǳˣв硣

ɲˣվ˫ִ£ԴҪƵˣһߴѣһ͵͵ŲȰȫ˺󣬲죬С˾䣺翴а飬֪ҡ

˵ʲô
ѻǰ˵

~
СץסҵҡʾҾ

ʲô
ŤͷѣĦɵĸ첲ЦȥҺ͵ģ͕DDĸģҲøżȹ꣬ٴһЩȥòã

Ǻðɡ
ɲԸشӦˡ

ˣɫˣ˯ȥɡ
°ͳŬŬȥʱѴ면ϡ

Ҫ
ͷҡø˹Ƶģһȥġ

ͱСͽ
ѵ۶ӣ˼ָ֣ͷˣȥ˯ɣǰҪȵġҪԵģӱӲͣŵ޺˯ãݰȥ

ŵһӣ
ָССķ˸ģšܡ

ȺߺСŹϺڼʣҺˡ
˸ףЦüģ͸ӿңס裬ײָͷḧҵ򢣬һ·£͵˶Ƕ

֣бСǱ߿ȥЦҡͷʾͷء

ץʹأ˿ڣ§סҡѹᴭСӸߣȥɣװ¹ȥᣬŮɡ

šı˿ڣ׵ôӶӵġ

ҸǰСԲϣл󴽸ӣСָĨ˵㣬ͿԼϣЦҡбʮ·ģޱ߰׷˼۽ǿʼƣɺˣǰ˹Ӣ

Ŀڲһۣ֬㵹Ϳڡ
Ц˾䡣

̫ˡ
ȣһҵȣĳҲÿˮ󡣡


Ұͷò˿תֱ͵.£ӣȰĽˣٸСĽ̡

ˣ޷ֵʱҲ
ѲƤЦҲһʼͦģźݺݵؽѵһ٣Ѱ˼˷ϡ
סҵ֣ͿӣЦһأС֪ԽҲиӣϵĵأ⽹ǽţǷЩͦͨģأͶŮ֮¿ʼ棬Ҳôġ

š
ҵͷ
أҽֳЦתӳóûյ.飬˵Ĺʣȫѻ
һ£Ҿ.鲻żȻ֪ǰиɵѾͷ˪İɡ

֪
ѿʼ.͹ʣüͷԽԽ

ͷǰ̫С˪ؿ׹Ǽ澣Ҷ֪ӺѾͷ²ʲôǱĵĽӽǾ˶ˣ

ȭͷ߬صױָ̨ͷϴ޵ԼɣķǸ˪ӺģŪ¾޶¿ծ˵Ǻ棬ŴԺ£ô˽һʱʼỤ̊ӽ˵ԺܵԾôҲˣɳȥ˵ʱȷ½ӴΡ

谶

˰㣡
ѵĻ˵һϣѵ˪¶ôǲӸǰŮȵүҪ˲ˣôĪ㻹ѧȵүµŮյ󹬣

㿴㳶Ķȥˡ
˫ְȱϣЦԴйŮˣôȻȵˣ˵ˣ谶Ǻģᡣ

ߡ
ҵ¹ұ˵
У˵ȵۣ˵谣һʼǺģôžˣĨǵ˽Ӵʲô˼˵û֤ݣѣڹﳯû켣˴뱲ӵģǾͷ˪ź꣬겻ǳɣպ֮ףӣٲҪ˪ʾʲôɣ߬¿ծ£̽򡢻ʲôŮһ˴֮ϣһǼ󱻱Ƶ˴ġ

˵ˣ
Ѻȶҡ

Ϊʲô˵
Ȧһ죬ٿˣƸĿڣʲѣ϶谹Եˣһɵʱײңʱңô꣬ˣСлôҾǳмţһδùȥƽϡȻҰıⲻУβᣬҾʹһȥţ˵ٲȻʹӶԶԶģռ㣡

û˵ܡ
ָüͷ˸

ôܣ
Իȥˣ˰ļ磺˵ӳî

޻ȥе飬º谶йأô
üյҶߣ˷üһЦΣʹô

ҵʱסȻΪ˵ز
ϲһƲƲ죺⻹ࡣ
˵ϣ첲סĲӣпϣָ°ૣ˵ҲͶˡ

綼ˡ
ҵգ˳§סҵЦЩӣ޻ɼ֣ȽЩأٸDDFFҲ̡̽

š
ͷѣ˿ڣżĲ㡣

粨ӣŮһֻ۱һֻۣʵЩˡ
ǣ谵ĲƣȵۻѸյǻʱ֮ӣһҹ֪ĸ׻ҹǣ׶ϸϾɱۿʹĸס
ʶĸྴ˽ȴʱʱ̷̿ӣǳɻ̫ӴʵЩбݵġ

С
Ů֮£
һѽĸ׽̶ӣ㣬ǻʵ۽ϲĻӣ
Ӽĸ顣

Ҿðɡ
üϸ˻½ˣһǲģҪȥ˵˵

˵
һѽ֣ϵǱ飺ôſأ˵ˣйصġ

ֲǹ
Ҷ׵ȱߣһ磺ĻˣҵǸ˵֮£Ҫȥԣɣɲ谶СС;͡Ǹأ֪ʲôʲôǲ

ааɡ
εЦЦ֪˭ȻĨǣɺܿʧ˸ҵıЦ͹ȥ˵ûǿɲܵģúú

Ҹһȥ
Ҳû˽ź򣬸æȥ¹ȥúۺʹ멣Ѵ¡
Ѵúһǰһҡ
ճȥͿ˯ŵڸɻ£ſڴϣǰĿϷŹƺһ˷ܵط飬Һˣŵæؽ

ҺѶһۣ첽ߵߡ

ʲôأ޶ˡ
Цɣʱ˷ܵø˼ѪƵģ͵͵ڵƤӵ¿а飬

ɱŵӿһ£͵͵ȡ

û
µϣ鲻Ըذӱͳ

!
صغŭ۶ӣý˿
Ҳż⣬ǰȥգһЦˡ
һħ޷ǡ
ڶ
ؤ¼
ı

Ŷԭ˰
ַ飬б۵ӣֲԴȥôţȥûħѲɻ죿
Ѱŭһһѽƿѵһ쵽ʥģа鵹úܣŰɣ޳ҪЩ٣˯ȥ޿

ɱ´´Ьؿһ飬Ӱરµǿؼ֣һȥȻң

ҺٴζһۣεҡͷЦˡ

ȽɹúѱС۶СԺȥ

ѩ綼ͣˣһ¡
¹ⲻϧس˼ˣƺҪеı

סԺӾڸڡ
ߵʱҺѷؽ̵С۶ٿûõ飬ʲôħͽǺ˵ģкʱĶ飬
Ӧˣ䷢ҲˣȻҺ⻰Ǻģʤ̬Ⱥá

û߶ãһ˾͵˶ǵСԺ̧ȥݴʱأȰӭҺЦ˵Сүʱѧء
ΪˣҲû̫ͨŵϷȥ

ƿŷơ
ʱĵϰ̿裬һش壬£ķϣǰİϰ˺һ࣬бī
վɕDDС˸߲ҵظ紷أʱʱʣ磬ΣҴٶˮźݸŰɡ

һǿܵܵġ
˵ֵƽﳳ֣ɵ״ϹͷŽСʵ̻ġ
ҺѶӣʲôû˵Էһй

ơ
ʱܱʼ飬Ȼ˿ֽڰϣдõҶֽīӻ֣ɱˣֽݸɣüţǰˮƽд£д˺öء

лл磡
˸߲ҵֽЦöֵ̫Ѩˣûдͽ˹ˣ϶ң˵׼浽Ƕȥ

ȱŵл
˿ڲ裬࿴б۳ɣдһֽϣٰ졣


ɵʱͲˣҪֱӽȥô

Ϊء
ýŹŵӣ°ŬŬҶ㣬һʱ͵ҲӦȱ˸ٸϸ˺ü䣬֪ʲô˼

ҺٴζӣͷȻй
ʱ͵͵յǰס죬С״ףƼ˰ɣDDдΣףߣʹдҲҳģƫģ

ҺѲǣס֣ؿŶԷ̣һҪ̣ϰ





159.  С   ʳŮ֮

158--С

Һһǰһ, Ŷ롣
˲䣬ɲ֪룬ֱӸס, Ӧ, ӕDDҶ£Ųæ۵, С

ɶ˶̧س߿, һƼ, Сӻʹ, Сȭͷ, غȵͽ㻹һ

ɹǿӲ, ƲƲ죬ȴЩ飺ݣƾʲôܻ

ۿ˫ֳ, æɳס
ǰһҺѼ˸, ˫峺ˮ۾գգ, Ц, ôˣ

˦, ŭɣǹݽŵģ

֪, ָɣ, ɷΪ, ڵظ紷ȣźŸݽš

ֻüһ, ʹûҪݽţ㻹ȥ׼õ

ûӦɻץԴĻֺǺǵسȥԲٰȥˡ
˵ѧҵûʲô֣ҲǶģиôǾֹۻûиҹ벻ͨ벻£ʼ͹ȥˣᡣ

ҺѻһۣĬصͷ

ѺɖFұƫϴ˯ȥСľͷ̸
ȽɰٺúŵߵƫСſڣƿӣơ
ʱѰķϣ࣬ӹĲˮģһһڰϡ
ɕDDȻһͭƿҪֵĹˣľעͷֻҩЩɰֻСӣȱߣѵЬ࣬߸˵źݽš

أ
Ǳ飬ָг׵£ѸٳۣҪƢͷ䣬DDЦúТ˳еĻɢҡͷ̾˿˿ţ֣ЦιDD˰ѶСӵͷ
Ťͷҳ¼лصû¡

ݽţ裬˿ڣϵ˼˾䣺ĹΣЩӿ˶ˣ

ûţӳȡ¯һϣСƬҨЩС㡱ϣЦԷ˷ֻĳɡ

š
ѻ˻ָúŹϣʾⲻ˿
˿֣һؿʣ̲÷Ǽʱĳ

⻰Ŭػ룬÷֮йݴʷƸε˳ǵʱҺʲôʱһʱ仹벻

סĿڣ￴

ɫɣӦԣʮ³ʮ÷ʱδκιְݾסǰαԪ⸮ۡʮ³һ̫ӣʱ˽¼÷奣˸֣Ӿϳġ

üͷĸЩ԰ڰϣתŴĴָϵİָ˵

ǡ
ǰһǸڻðĲյϣݸǳЦ٩٩̸ʮ£ȵۼݱǻΪۣԪƽءΪģΪΪʥ̾ѧΪ̫ƽǸƽѮ÷ڼзǰ̲Ԫ˽ͨţ͢淢ţߪ÷Ϊ̲ɣָʹ·ͨһ𳹲˰  

˵ϸ˼Ƭ̣ŵƽԪʮһ£ӱĸ¶Уϱƣʮһ¶ʮߪ÷Ϊ飬ٴγϰʮ³һ÷奼ӷѧʿ󡣡

Ժܵ⣬ȴģָץҪĴǣţǿԡ

˿ڣҷ˸ۡ
⻹ԣ귢ЩµʱӲŸ
ֻ˾÷ʲôʱģǵ׼ȷӶˣһ÷奵Ǩ֮·Ҳָ˳

⻹ԣ

ԺУŤͷһƣСɱ֪Ķҳ飬͵͵ؿСڿװ˯

õŤͷ⿴

ʱʾľЩˮ¶ϵ΢ϴɻƺڤ˼ʲô
Ѷ裬˿ڣ³۶ӣʣôʲôĵط

Ÿ첲ʳָԼ°ص㣬ʣӿ˼յľɵ÷ͷŹǣΪ٣꾭ֵļӣв⹹ݣֶҲЩҽڳеҲ̫ʸǰ²ԱҲ׷»֮ڡʦ̸ͳԶСˣȺ¡ҲСˣԶͳ˺ҲĿΪʮꣿ

Ѳûֱ˵ɣкŹı֮ɫָԼĿڣüһЦƩ˸˵ҩ֮ãҩЧôͻѡУ㶮ô

סԭš˼ȦȻԼţ׵ȱߣЦ֮ǰӽΪߵԦӣǱң޼һһһһаҩǵãν֮⡣ڱҪʱȥʹȬĵ׻ҩʶԬ๫ֱҦĸգЩɶǿ̫ƽҩ˵Ŀɶԣ

οôڲסȻָһ¡
üͷ΢æյѸǰ
˭֪ڴʱѾȻص
ΰ׾˲ʱһƬһվбۿӲ棺Ӷʮˣ񲻶ġ

һЦѵòشȤϣСƤȻẦ

Ƽ㣬ҲҡͷǳЦ
뵱µʱҵĵȷȷĽ谣Ӧ˵۾öҪγѪˣ˼ҵճСʱȵ۽ɳسָڣĳ֮Ԭ嵱ʦǰأҲֻиѧʿˡ

ҾٶʦҲԶԶһӳĸԽǿ

ֱḽϷ̵Ĳ⿴
ʱһƨİϣţԣε˫ȣʣЩܵһ²˵ѵӵʱ򣬾͸׼һѵնЩ÷ɺء

´ϵ͵ԼԣǳЦ㲻һֱ뱱˾ôѵ֪÷ôһֱ˽ڰɱ˭

ͯ
ѿڶȻ⺢˼ָԼ°ͣɻʣ˼ǣ

Ѳû˵ǵ¶ӵĺЦǰպˣȥһأ̲ˣأȥҲܶݺ֣ʶ˳ҲܽύһЩѡ

⸸˵֮ʱƼĬĬģͷ£ӴŴŵϴ
ѲСӵ춯æˣֿסDDĺףʣô˶ӣʲôϲкӵᣬûϢ

͵̧ͷȻѵ°͸ˡ

˳Ӻס°ͣ۵õһʹ֮ҪƼһӣסŵʣӣﲻô

ɺޣϳ̴ˣʲôʱ£Ҫõ࣬۰ǲТһ쵽
ɻں޵ضţֱӲᡣ

أ
ȻֱˣָжСӵĵТ˳ĦɵСԴӽͣأû̴

Ҳţ
ɼֱ޳˶վҪȥѡ

ģ
֣ȻЦ㲻Ǿͺúö飬дƪ£ҪᣬͷĵҲҪͨα޸㽲ʱ򣬲ܴ˯ˣܲ

ţ
֣µصͷ

㡣
šбƫߣЦҪ繦ΣǲҲ㡣

˲䵯˺ü˸æӷˣȥ˯ҲЩЪš
˵⻰СһƵػصƫûͷײ˸
һץסң˫޹С¹˫ֱضңָؿڣʣҵûɡ

ûûС
סɣǱȥǻأϣպȥҲ˵֪ô

á
صصͷѸЬӺۣ˴齣ѣ۸ǰɖFFתܾСͽ˯
ҲƲƲ죬ͷǱħ޷
Ȼɽѹͷ£ץסҵӣʣףǻ͵ܣ˵˪谰.ҸǰϸҸ磬ǲģҸ֪ô

ꡣ
ʳָڴϣС۶ҡҡͷ˵ȥģ˺硣

š
ɵͷ˸УɸŶ˯ȥ

Ҹ˫ӰѱҴúŵСǱȥ⿴
ѾݽˣЬ࣬ԶϣҲ棬ſڰӡ

бۣ߿գָۣͷⵯ£ʾұ
µض裬øŲЦʣ޷źѾͷ˪ߵúܽġ

һĽӲϡ
Сװ򶨣ŰЦңȻߵý

ֽ
Щ죬Щݣջº͵ʣ˼ǣǲ˼֮ף


Ĵ죬ؽӰϣҪߡ
˭֪קס
ѴһЦҿȦĦŶӵĸ첲ŶӵЦûҪ˼ʶѡ

ͷ£ıסЩգĶ䶼ˣҲ֪ĸ̰ǰģ⡢⡭ѰĴҹӻǰͨǸңң
ʱͷᣬ۾ֱգȻܲԸ˵ؿԲסٲῴЩаˣҾ͡ǡ桭Ҳ˪ҷģ֮ûκβõ飡ˣȫ⣡

û¶
Ѱס֣ЦҲǴ͹ģ֪ôŮ֮º棬ҵҲ֪ǵıǻԽţ뷨跨Ƿɷɣˣ̹ףҲźüءֻأЩаǿˣ˼룬ѽڿ

˵˺ܶ࣬Ҳ˺ܶ࣬͵Ц̱ߵʱǳǳСС
ߣͷ£һڽһڵسŸ㣬븸˵£Ҳ֪ôˣտ˪ĶǶĺȻúܿ죬⡢˵ϲա

һ⣬ǶӣȻ
ҽ⿴ȻҲƼɫ̫ãָֻ̬ܿûǰ˪ʹٰɵСӡ

Ѵս¶ӵţȻЦϲ㻹ʲôϲ

ȻˣǿһЦʱʱ̿á
ץͷ۵ɬȻѣôʱûϲ˭

£
ѹǳЦб۳ߺ
Ŷӵĸ첲ӣϲһˣ˵㿪ʼһˣ㣬һҪʲô

Ƭ̣ҡҡͷ

ЦΣӣһˣϲһŮˣôҪ㹻ȥҪΪ鸺еֻҪ㹻ǿ󣬾Ͳذܵ˺

š
صصͷ

аΪһˣҪãϲǰռΪУҲд֮ǡǡ෴ϲǿƺ͡
ѽԼĲ豭ݸöӳЩҭţĦŶӵıЦҲˣǡơʳŮ֮ɡⱾģҲûҪڣЩӵ֣㽲Ů֮¡

˵
˹͹˺üڲ裬ֱŷɬЦӶִģ˵ûӲԼϲãҲ飬Ҫѧеˣ˶ңҽűߡ

ЦôΪο°ͳұŬŬˣϽȥ˯ɡ




160.  ĸ֮   Ů

160--ĸ֮

һͷǱ߿, СѾ˯ˣҽƴˣֻһյ, ʱࡣ

, ֽҹֻ, ע̿𣬱Ѻˡ

ŵ߳ȥ, ̧ŵ, ʱ, оЩ, ڷСľͷд£ʱʱȦһ, Աע
ҳˣűʾվбƫ, ʾѾȥ˯ˡ
ʳָڴϣ, 󹴹, һ

Ƶ, ŵߵСǱ, ͷ, ϸͷĶ
ҼüŪ, ʣ޷˵ûСľͷ𣿡
ҳĴָ, ס͵Цرã

ڴʱﴫ˭ͷ


Ӧͬʱ, ֳָȥҽȥ˵۵ðǼ澾紦ˡ

С
üͷȻץסҵĸ첲С˵

ְؿڣʾſģָߵţЦʣӣܲܽأ˹
˵䣬ҾŶ롣
̧ȥʱѾ˴ҴҵؽϣƢˣس£ѽ˵˶ٱˣ䲻ͽ޿㻹ûüأȥȥ

úúã»עⰡ
ҳЦ߻ǰݺϰԵȥ鴰ûйʵҪû׼ã󣬲ŴǱߣһƨߣְڶӶͷϣûзȡ

ѽ
ض㿪ƲƲ죺϶ӣĴ̱ǣҡ

У
ô˵ǹ׾εС˼ѣҰҴñӣǳЦȤôСֻõףȴһûġ

͵Ϯҡ
ʹø첲Сһת·ʲôȻˣʹңֱУȥɣҪ˯ˣˣϣ°ҹ˵˯û˺ôϽȥЪŰɣȻͲˡ

٣ⲻТӾȻˡ
š°ͣ⻵Цǲ˪ţ

һ㶣ˢһºˡ
ֺҰСӾȻСʱ˲䷭תȥſڴϣԴͷãС̧ͷ͵͵ؿңɼ¶ɬקҵӣͷˣң϶ĸ̰ǰ˵лˣǴ飿Сָ˵ᰡ

ǹ㣡Ҳ˭ܵģʵ㣬ҹ͵ģƼѾͷˣһѾͷԼ¯JͳʳߣûĵСӣ򣡡
û̫СϱģָűӴ¶ӵıĦţЩʣӣϲ˪ô

͵Цͷ

ĳμ¶ԽǸɾ򵥣ҾԽ谺˪Ǽ澡
ûбֳϣḧŶӵͷʣ˵ϲĶ

úÿ
ѿڶ峺ˮͬʢӣ͵͵˵͡Һܺã˵֡ѾͷǶҲãСүŵɪɪƩȥ꣬ˣ޶СһţͶ˵Ļʴȣͷū澣Сүؿأҵʱã˵ԣ

ϣһѾͷݼʶ㲻ˡ
Цſޣȴ飬ȻǸģֲñһʹҶӸǰǶӡ

ǰǰɡ
ҿ˪ˣ˫۵ͷȣ̵С·װƵģЦҸоҺһϵĵףûӶﳼ֮Ҳûɱ̫ŮôôãҲݡ

Ǹˡ
ûɣһ󴥶ӿᣬⱲѣҲ

ʵҲûи߶ӣ÷奵ӣûҸ.飬Ҳڱ˾ܵ￴Щ¡
ֻ֪ޱ䣬˾˱˴ȣ裬豻ﴢǿɳ檣豻żҶУĸϺ裬ڱĵڣΪ̫о£ԪȪйһʮ꣬ȵۼݱĸײź͸ط꣬žܵܡ
ĸǸ࣬ҪǿŮˡ
Ϊĸū澣ԣԹ˾Ͷ˷Ϳʡ

һֱΪ
Ŷӵļ磬ʣСľͷ˵ʵԺ벻˪ˣ

룡
˼ػش𣬺Ȼ磬̾˿ɡر𣬵˵ݶӣδݵ粻ͷ˸ңʲôģôȥ֣ŮҲţǸСֶŮԳڣһζûһ۶ԸѾͷ

ļ£۲ܡ
ҲͷüһЦʱȷʵ̵ͦģȴںʲôݵλϲﵹи⡣

ʲôѽ
˾񣬾Ȼ

˯£Ķ㡣
ҽӰڴϣЦ˪׽Ѿ˷ԷһأڻСȻ֪ûʲôµָʲôҲ˪ѾͷӰ죬֪ģ㣬ȥϵˤͷôˣɱЩԲѣȻ㴲߿ˡ
ҡͷεһЦŵ԰δػԸ˪׽

ô죿
һץסҵĸ첲ŵʡ

˪Ǻͷεչ꣬ﶼѾͷģҲĬʵǸģ˵Ժ󲻿ܵ檵Ҳԡ
ҡʵʵؿ䣬㿴òãѰͷ˵¶࣬ϱִŸӣ̫̫ǷʱʱѰ£ǸﲦȥһЩˣҡûŮ˪ȹȥһѾͷŮҲ˵ݣ

ã
һѱסҵȻСƵװһлĸ״ˡ

˰ɣϽ˯׼ȥˣﻹкЩ˱Ҫ㽻ء
ҵĶͷҴãŽС˯

ûһɵСӾ˯ˡ

᣷£ƣŵ˳ȥ
ɵļ¶άֶã֣̿ʱţҲˣʱĽڸҸСˣǼˣǵʱشˡ
ԸС澵ķ̫ˡ
ҺһֱӴ˪Ϊһ澣Ͳ˺˶ӵģԵԹ谵·͵͵ң͵ĺӣõرע⣬Ľ

øĸķʽٴһ㣬һµԭίʱҲýܡ

߳ȥʱҷվſڣ΢Ц˸Ĵָ

˯ˣ
ʡ

š
ҳ˿

ĨȻ˸ҡͷһЦСӣ޲ġ

ЦŰ֪ǶɱģΪ
ĸ첲°ͳŬŬЦǻƼFFСͷ֪Ķַ飬ߣȥ

üͷС˾ϣң󲽳ұȥ

谵ҹֿˣæվ𣬴ڴ齱ߡ
ҺߵӸǰ˵õ飬ƼDD͖FF˯գȻ˭û

С˯죬˳ʸ֣ȶ쵽˱⣬ɸŶֻɵС꣬ĺÿݰףϰ覴öûС

أ

šɵĸ첲˯óûӦƺӦˣܵúԺԼСۡ

ҺһЦ

ǰһɵַɵСҲڴʱ˫ͬʱס֣ԷĴڣ˯ø̤ʵˡ





161.  첻   

161--

ҵȥ︮, иĽʷ֪¡
ȥѧֵȴ½ղֵ־ѡЩʵг, ˪һ, ȫ͵︮

һʼԤϵû˪Ը뿪, źҪԪҸǰ飬˵źСү, ôүѧ, ͷߡ

û, һ˽, һЦŶ˵Ժȥ︮, źĴѾͷӱǸֻ಻￴Ǹʵ, ŷȥź, ʮ, Ѿϻ, ޿ˡ

ԼĪʱ, ְѻ, ͷ, ˿, ûӵ˵˪Ѿͷȥ︮󣬷, ҪһСүԼûʲôôͱأԼˣѾͷӰóӣ㿪ʼѰٻ

ÿĽõȣǳѾͷҪҪʲô˼ǶͱĻԹһūͼ澰ˣ͸ôʳѾ˴ɻ䣬֪˭ƣٺҹҲǣһ¡

⻰һ˪˵ˡ

ԭ뾡ȥºҺѾƽϢˣ˵ƽϢֹ˪жӦĳʹ

ɵҴ˲ظǰŸսţ׼ǰ䣬û뵽žȥ︮

ظҲû˸ֹš

ϵȵĵģַԸ̫Сȥ׼Щþߣ߸˵ظ˪ȥСԭ˪˵ȫﻮ׵ˣǰһѾͷڰŮҲݣʱظ

˪û飬ⷬ᱾ַ︮š

Ĳ࣬˪һץסһĻᣬ¿ߣ˵Ҳ֪ˣݲ£ˣﻹнºݺݿ˷үūҪôСˣҪôСҲūˡ

Ȼԭǰһ̸ģĿľ͵͵ϲŮ
СҲʷȰ裬ֱӽ˪һӴ︮ߣ׻ηѺңûҰ˴ظҲҺһӣ˸УԽ˴ʦѧʿƭģ˵Ϊ˪ҪҪ˽´˪ؼң˪޹ɱȽ˷ϣ̵ӣҪ׶Ҳνͷū澵£ӲĸףֲԸŮԩɱʦһӡ

ѧʿǴˣȴӦˣӰݼң˴¡

ҽԭί֪ģ˵ҵĵǣѧʿҲǷŭѣظͽеǰѵССǷǲ֣Ȼɫס˫ۣˮСܳ򸮡

ʦصûҶȥȴԽԹʦǰ˵ģʦ

ظСӿʼֱŤΥϴӦúúõģ˽ȴº֣ĵظҴʰҪȥ

֪󣬹ȻŭҪϡ

ҽȰסˣʱǸöģȾȵȣǷǲֵˡ

Һ󣬾ȥ򸮡

죬ٴμ˪Сһ˪ռһȦͷɢңԽۡ

˪Ҳ¿˵˰գȻһū±ûūĵطˣūΥ֣үĪҪˣٴգµʱľͲūһˡ

ּ˪֤Ϥչܾ࣬ô岻رʵһζϣһᾡͷլӣ㰲ýȥҲܴˣȴס͵ꡣ

֪մӲ񷿳ȥӭͷʮһŮġ

˾Ĵҹ㣬ĿɰҼѧԨԴ̵ֽǳ֪

󣬲Ųæһſ˫ۣ赲סʢŭű߳ͷ꣬ʣүҪȥĶ

ȫûСѾͷֹѧʿӣһЦ˵£Сÿ

Ĳûãʣʫ˵ĸ۾͡үĸ֮֮飬أ

ʵסɿ˪֡

ĽʣСŮ·үͬ׵̸֪ڴ澱֮ǰº̸ֱҸĸ˼𣬸үײͱ£֮Т˼ĸϺģ

ЩҲסˣƭң˵

ûи粵ĻᣬʣŮıźչӣСӸǰǶп⹴֮ӣһ
⼸գǰԹҪֻǽ︮δдڮ
ȿְ︮ңⰲң֪ƿأ븸ĸʦѷ벻Т֮أ˽ңôڸ飬СүѵҪ·

һڵʣŪƿԣС˸ͨ졣

˪ԼҪȥһѽ˦ðѩܻ˸С

ҺŤһСĴѣڵѵ£ϱ˾Һ

Һûü˵ʲôɴƫָ磬˵ҡҾ㣬ˣǸ澷谰ǰϸѹŲ˵ϢĨȥû뵽㻹ˡ

⻰ȫס٣Լһ⣬Ѷûתܳȥˡ

¶ѩ⺢Ӷ̣æȥ׷ȻڸС԰Ѱڼɽ¿ޡ

Ժû޹ͷӲĺܣ⻹ͷһ⡣

ҽϵ£ϣ±סſҼͷʹ޷йƽǲģ׷˺£˪Ǵ簲ϸ

Ҳû²⻳ɸ˵⼸ڲأԾû˵ķǸ綼ʧˣ˽˵ʧ㣬ˣ󣬼﷢ֲٽͰΣоǡʡļƷˮľϡ

ǲ˽ӽ۸󣬽˪㡣

ܲϣҧһڣ˵ݺûô¶δùȥķʲôˣ෴ǹӵĶӦò飬ʾ˭µӣ˭ݺӣ

⻰Ȼŭߺ޵ң谵Ļô

ЦЦ
ʮǰŸһ֣

ϣԼԲȲˡҺ׵ģһֱͷ
һʼſⲽĺΪ˸ͼū澽ԼŪ⸱У޿ģô
أЭˣ뷢ĺöӱѹ˵ڲŶ󣬼˶Ůˣ󻷷еǣݸ߹αΪ˸澶أȫ壬ˣʰ硣

⻰æֹɱˣҺѴƳȥ˵ҪԼһ侲侲£Լ

Һ˯ºֹ̽⡣
һأʵҲ£СӸոճ˵СҲЩ棬ɵ鰮ϸɾհףһϲŮƭ϶ģ͵֪ЩŮϲʵˣ֣
أҪѾͷǾʷĹ֪񣬲Сүݣֱԣͦġ

ΪҪĸ졣

˭֪ڶһ磬СӾͳˣƣ˾ټʮʱðһݼױ˴򸮽˪ӳ˶һң˵СʱĻ
ָ˪Ϸϼ촽ü컨ҡУֺǺǵظ߳ˣҸ谣ƽϲ۳ˮŮÿؼ˱۾ֱߵŮ˪ϳ򡣡ǽˣʲôѵܹǱʹŮ͸硣

üһһʱ˸飬ЩЦżɫ޵£Щ˿̱С̫ᣬӽ£ȻֳҲЩܴζС˵߳ĪŮߵϸ

ǵͿСӵĻ졣
һ·ֵĹۣ֣׶ͣ£޴ģкڳĹſˣ˸ǵΧһƬЦˣ׼˾Ʋˣ̧˽ȥ˪ȥСɩԸÿͷ裬רֵ˺Ըױ΢ϻŮʱ;ǱѰ

˵΢Żգѹû¶档

ִȥͷ裬һ١

СӾôһ·̧š
Թֻԭ޲ܴŽȥ綼յ˷ſڰʮִ
ǡ˲˷ţسʢҪ

֪СӷӲԵġ

ֱſںˣˣ㲻ϲнӴ˪͸ˣģܻˣؼϸĿζۣ

̣˵ˣ֮˴̤롣
ٺһЦóУ˵Եʲô۱˴֪ܵίװʥϸĶ

ּĵڣǿаѻδ̧ȥҽӵ˸ϽűڡţһҪ

Сѣ˸ǧƤЦ˵飬ף檴ϲһֵǧ𣬵ܾͲˡ

˵⻰СӾʹﳤȥͽһصıмͼӺסױ

νĽдһƣʲôʥּȻһֻú廨ˣεȥʦԬ壬ɱ麣·һʥ̫Ҫ¸˵

ȻЩﵽ׻ƫСӣ֪ԼͷӲ䶮̣ϳưͿ
ıԺṢڻģСľͷƫ̻ӣ

˵ѾˣôʹҲزˡ

⹷ԾɼҹȥȪйʡ

ˣһʼҲѪͼѸױƻѹ磬ͼԬڳøʩѹ˵ֳ֮顣
ʦѧʿηηβһӣҲˣڳгⱾ˽²ޡ׵ܸǰ˶ķѣͼֵǽ֮˻һĽʷ䰲μҷ׷׸顣

˵谼ϣû׵ܸǰϸˣͲΪһһʧ٣˵ίҲѲֳ϶

ҾͿʲôϣúس˺Ů졣

ЦʱƽϢˣȻļˣҲűӣ˪ֻӬȥ

˶棬˪ʲôľɫүܿ¹׺˪ʲôϵպ֮ǰס





162.     ɽ¥

162--

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Ȼһʱ䳯Ұ۷׷, ʥʢˡ
ѧʿĽʷȻվߣץסҡ˽²

һŮ͵˶ܿ, ƫСˣҿ, õķҲϢ, ɼܲסԹ١ɳˮ, ؾ˵, ¹šֳ

ԬΪ׸, ֵʮʦ, Ȼǵһվس, ξ谵--麣·˸ͷ˵ǿнū澴̧, ǶŮĪ裬ƵԾÿ˷֣ű£Ҫһ˵

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뷨跨ЩسĲ磬ڸģ񲻼ʱ©ٳڹȥԬ˸ϳͨŸˣףἱЩ˵ǹ֮飬ͷ̧ţɫˣϴŶˡ

ѻ˽Ųظ˸ط

ˣԬԽʥ̫ƫ̻һպض̳ģ˵ıʣӣʼң£

û磬ȥȴ㸮

Ķӣһ֪ܲƢӣ

ҿߣ˵Ԭ˱ô⻵Сһŭ֮£͵͵ԽǽȥŸȵԬͺ·һеȸʱСźӧ.ǹϮȥûڸسȴ˼ҵӴˡɱˡӲˣ˾һѣŤͷߡ

¿ɺãԭĬһЩӣƩ继Ҧ𡢴ܹɭȣº׷飬˵ʵڽҵ׸ͺ飬ףʵ̫ӣϱ̳һ棬˷óͷȥ֮λʦͽƣʵףѧʿְ֮ԺطΪ١

´˷Ⱥһ˵

ѻͼѹȥûӣúȥ˿ͣ޹ޣ´Ϊҵãй֮ˣ㽫ֹתǳμҲϣ̲ܽ檣˼ƥϵȵĺѪԬȥ˵СھгЩ׸ûҪС»



죬ҺѹڸҲȥѧˣ̤һԭֻ˪ˮС澵£û뵽ֵճء
ʱ治̫ˣûǺƫȴЩԳˣ߳ʹһֳ滳ǲǿ£̬Ū󣬰Լˮ֮ơ



첻ͷգһַȥѻԺеѩ

ʱ˽˰ڴӰóѺͺϲĲʽһӡʮ̫࣬Ųˮ͸ɫġȣҷ졣

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ղ̫ԣƽԷʱ֣ûһ˵

˿ڣɨ۸ǰүĸ
ѴɫƵӳͷϴڣ˵ϵģüͷšŷ꣬ڲ˾ͷ˿ӣӺӹȵֽƲز֡
ЩЩͷϰŴĨЩˣɷһԵͷǷʲôʱʱЦ

˿΢ЦҨѼѵݹȥЦǺĲʽ÷ѼŨﻹб÷ζɿڣ˯òãȵա

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ЦŽƹЩ

Щͱ˿͹ȥ
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תɺݹȥСͬʱϣ󳷣ҲҪ

˰ˣǲԣҳԡ
ҨЩСŴһҪúý˭ϾڴʱɴյܵɸǰСػȦܣѹʣ

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ڴʱžһ밴ϣŭɣȵǵķô˶²סǵ죡

ͬʱһ⣬

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ŭֱץһ÷Ѽӣͷϣȭͷߣȵղ㣬ƤǰɣظСӶ죬һ쵽ȰȰȸͣ

ŵö룬ֱһ꣺磬ҿͷģң㻹֪˪Ǽء

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æסɵ죬ڴʱˣɷ˵ץסɵĺӣܵק
ʲô㣡
һסС۶ĸ첲ü£ҧ޵㶯һԡ

۾ˣȭͷӣҺ𣺡ңҪƫ̻ôﰵ֣Ϊβ˪£ΪҪ˽´

죡
ֱӽĲյˤϣƬӵʱһأɵĵǡ
Ĺ˼մŭ˲ڵأסһҷ
Ѷףüͷš˸񣬵ô˵ģТĶͷˣȻѻϣûϢ

޵ظһһڸͷ׷ˣ谻ָ߳վʱӰѹСɽһ㣬СӴʱֻͬըëĶηֱѡ

ô㻹
תŴĴָϵİָЦ⼸޺￴ãû뵽ݵò֪ߵغֳҵسɱ𳵡ˣ޴۽簡޺һ̣ǰͷæŸ£㲻ֵַػڹǨŭˣҵ޵Լһĸֵͬˡ

û
һĿᣬǾǿò£谣ˣֶκҵģ

һԵĺͷ󺹣СǰֱӣðȰСүѽϽ¸ϴ˵ˡ

ҾҪ˵
ƿ谲ǻްôЩҲǲ۵ģǷǲ֣ն߷ϸıңҲˣ

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΢ЦȻ޽Ը̤̤ʵʵƫ̻һγӣТ㩵Ķúɱһİ򣬴ϴΪֹ

ƼҪˣһ⣬æҪȥȰ衣
͵һ룬Ҳȷʵ̫̫嶯ˣǸúúýѵһ
ûãҾƼʡӺ׼ãϤڻУɫȥץηηѡ

ְ
Ѻ

ԣǰסļҪСүϰ
ۣ΢ЦһĲƦֱصӳ°ߣʱ¶׻ƨɣһҧſڵϣɣ

ǣǸƤ
ָ棬ЦŷԸȥѿӸϣݾ򣡴ͣ

վ࣬ػסɺɣĽٵ̧ȥ
ʱڳʱߣһһҰסļһɷ־´ƷˢˢƤžžƵÿһ¶ҶͬƵģҵġ

ޣ
ѾЩˣԶЦҲۣаûԱôôֱֱ

ԣԽŭˣ°򣬸򡣡

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ССɷףǲģҲϴͷǼȫ亹ǿ̧ͷȻԭߵط֮ҡޥ⣬ԩˣ΢⣬ȳ

㻹Լԩ
Ƥ˼£㣬ϲϴ

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һԵĺ綼۵棬ҧŵ˵ϣģ¿ˡףĹٴʹ˰СľͷĹ⣬ɡ

ҿ޵
ʱɺһҵĻѸǰŰ󣺡ˡ硣
ɸǱסѵȣһ壬Ըܴ򡣡

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ƿ˦˦ͷ۾ϵĺ˦ȥ̵ЦŴ򰡣ûأ

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Ĵָȵ򣡡

Ҳ̲סȥӴǰӲϵĺÿͲܷ𣿰

ĪĪޡ
ҼһЦͷȻ£ιȥ

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һѱ±߼ֱѪֶ֪Ķţ޵ѣ޵Ҳµȥ֣и̣ҡûˣ

ȻҲˣæҸϽȥ̫ҽԺԺж
ǰҲϸؿȭͷ߬ססüԸһԹŵĺϵѪȥԬҦϽ̧ȥѷŵõĲ£

һʱ䣬ҷ׷׵ġ
ֵҲ׶ֱӱżĽü˶֣ԵŲϣϽ̧
ﾾ۵ܣߣͷһѾڻﲻʱʱߣָĦŵϺµ亹Ѫ

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163.     ګԶ

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ŵϺĹڣټƫӣԹԡ

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ǡɱѸˣ, ̫гѾ˻̥Ѫ֮, û, ͲүԾ̸Ц, رá

, ־ٰ˼, ϯҺӡ֣Ŵ, ں, 

һЦ̣Ҳ֡

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ѵ˼ǣСͽԣϺϾֹһЩеûģʹԳ֮£⺢ӱԲԬºʵϣԺƴúùӡ

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Ԭʱ̼Ÿ׺ͱµĽ̻壬ҪƴίҲ˵

ⲻǰڼϡ
̧ԬУЦ˵ʷй

ԬǸˣ˵⻰ʱڵЦ£ҲͷЦʮβȻ
Ȼδܷ⣬һʲôͷ
뵽ˣԬæ£˵Լδгߴ֮ʵڲҳܱµĺ񰮡

֪Ŵӣмؿڷ򸾣ЦŴȤ˹СǱĹͣкβҳж
תֳӣһԼȳ׷ҽӻϮ׵ľλǱ㽫֮λ͸֮Ӱɡ
˵⻰бĩŴﾡǳŪ˵ǰиӣǺһӾŮпȲϸˣ

ѵʱûŭ²˵˾䣺ĪҪ˵˵㺢δأ²Ц㲻
𵱼˾䣺ܻ꣬ͷΪŮֻ͸ĩȲˡ

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ŵö˹򣬳㶵ؿѣȻ۵һޡ
ȥСˣ¸ѾεŮ̥ѹʹޣûٱֻǵþĸ׺;ʱĻŮʲôãȲϮҵֲܿƾˡ



ÿÿЩ£Ҿᷳ
ŤͷǱߣ˦ӣ˳Ļйȥ

ԱŵʹĦҵıͼ˳˳Цܴ𣿶Ļ£ùҪ󡣡

Ҳ˸ۣҲǣԼҼ㣬ǳûºʵǿ׳ƣʲô

˫ֱ󣬿ЦػؾǼ£䡢΢谣
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ҴҪСۣǿ´Ҫһȥ˵ұðײֵĹְǰСȥڵǰߡǵķ
⹫ǸͿԵĶݣɻڸǰҲס

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ֱԬУ⺢ǱãǣŨüֻۣüЩ˼һ־ӡ

Ҫһѡ
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Ĩȥ۱ߵᣬ⳯ȥѾͷϵģɴȴ΢΢

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˵ЩȰοʱԬʼյͷ˸ͨ죬ҿ

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ƼˣĲʹ졣
ǽϱҵĶӣҶҪݺݷһġ

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û뵽δ˵꣬ٴαϡ
ῴңĵ֣޵λ׸ʮ꣬δڵ衭Դܵɱ˳Ӻ󣬰̼ȥ󾪿ֵҹߣ˯бѣθ۵ëַˣһ㶫Բ£Һвȥҹ̷ࡣ

Ƥ˼£סЦТ˳ġ

𿴼˼֣ĵϲڲסੲݵҿߣǶǰ죬ʵ̫֣ڰ˵ǰϸؽδ̧ȥ֪ܴܲ裬Ծη£ѵأӣô죬Ȼѩ


ԬӣЩͺǳ˵Ϊ˸ĪҪٲͽֳ͹£ƣ۵úܣǻĪҪˡ

ֻ˵ˣûܵ¸ǰ顣
ɷԽ˵Խߣȭͷ߬סŶҿߣ治Ҫ˵ֻҲЩ̫ˣ·Ĺ۵ʱǼƽȥǿиı΢ͷ裬ʮڹޣѾͳ˲ˣǽЦ桢˵.ô

Ц
΢綼ͬ𽵹ˣ治֪װͿ

ûֳҲʵѾͷıԹ˳װ̾úӣ֪Ǹʵ۵ģ۹и硢㣬ҲȷʵˣѾʹˡ

ᣬ걾ȷĸйȥʮˣ綼ͻˡǱ´乬ģ֪ģûܸıµľôŰɣɱаţȥ̫ҽԺԺжٴȥţȥ乬ĸƲȥЩ̿ʲôģǱֻ֪ʹǡ΢ûǴ⺢Ҳжʮ˰ɣģһ˹ڹǱĽ㡣

⻰Ȼϲ˽ſޣæվл

˰Ц֪΢ѾͷСһ𳤴ĸˣպҪ㣬Ѱһźס

ǡǡ
˵˵æϥЦлȱҡȥӳ
˵䣬͸ʹ˸ɫԬһȥ
˭֪Ԭؼһ񣬹Сү²ѧʿཹĲѣʱָ꣬ʵڷĲ£˵ҲδպѸˣ롢ȥѧǣ֪

ɨòޣȻͷҶӸǰϸˣѵܲ߷Ĵ÷Լ˴ɱǲʹ졣

ҵͷ΢ЦãҲҪȥǼ׼ôˣ汾һȥա





164.     ˫һ

164--

, Ϧ£סɫˣͬ, ӵʯϡ

ƽȥѧ, ͨΣزйȥ, ԬɢɢŸҪϣǳһ, ʮǰ˽ƽ, ͷ÷, 񿪵ʢ, ԶԶȥ÷ͬհѤ, ҴشϮ˾á

ֲͷԬͷ, ֮⡣

㶼͹ȥû
Цʡ

ȥˡ
ҵĸ첲԰ʾ
ָƬ÷, Цⲻ, ÷ú, ռ, ÷˺Щĵ, һ, ͷڶ÷͹͵, Խ㣬Ϊϸ÷ϵѩ, ⻨ˮĲƢŶ͵ѧˡūķԸڲ˵Ϲ˼ůθȲˣѧʿͼС簮ԵģʱҲˡ

Ǿͺá
΢΢ͷŤͷԬУЦÿĶһݣȥ

ǹ˵⻰ģԿԬʲôӦȻе߲֮ɫʱ𣬶ͨ죬ûֳκԹæл

⺢Ӻ̫֮ˡ
ûѽŮ¼޸ԬɣָԬҶԵŮ̹̣ܽܽκԬ񷱶࣬ûپ£ҹԶϱҲ̫׽ˣԬ̫̫Ǹʵģҵ﹫¾ȫԬϡ

ôȥ˿˵ͨûУȫѹһͷ

ԶԸԬֱӵķӣ㣬һǷ޺⣬һ˵ϡ

ҿŲͻᣬЦҲ̫н˵ǸԬұǽףҸӯʮһ꣬ҵ㸸׶жһֱܡܵԼֶһ۵ġ

л񰮡
ԬлŹأҼһ

ʱ죬֪ӯȥˡ
ͼԬ׽ҷ˼ҳŮ˫ȫǰøҵļ˵ֻ˵ĸ

̺ҶŮҲɣͿء
ԬдǹȻĨЦ⣬ҡͷ½̷ɵΪʷٳɵطǨ֮£ǳϻЯСǨˣɱ̵үǲߣⲻ֮ǰɪ˵Цնҵĳӣүͬ⣬˵ʲôСʱ׹գͱ̿ͷϸС˶һŮôء̵ˣǳү˭Ҽҵ£ŮҪ˭ֵܣ
үûҸŮ죬͵͵ҵ̷ˣ˵һŵǧ𣬵ԪȻ˵⻰϶ϲնģĪϷŮȥ߶߶ȥԪϸף
û˼淴ɣЦ˵綼ˣµĻ£һԸʲôã£κ񣬲СһУϻףʲôҲˣӯŮĻ£С˵ʲôˣǻǣͿסһֶ˵ˡ
̷һͰѳүȥˣүȻɵû취Ҳӯ̸ǰˡ

ⷬһЦϼһĲ
ۣϺ˵ԼĲ֣һͼԴ˿ңҲܾ
ֱͻϼһǸģ֪˺һôûУͷҲŴʧ֮£ҲǹˣǸŴ뱻ʯߣʮȫޣŴһϢûС

ЩѪ飬һϢû鵽
¾Ϳµˡ
Ҫ֪Ŵ룬ʮǰģֻǽͨУδüкУ˾Ͳˡ
һ⣬Ŵ϶˭֪ʮʲôǱڳǶĳ첻ĵطı

ÿÿˣҲ

˿ԬЦȷϼףȢաﲻЦϻƵᣬ⼸սͳʲôûίսһѾͷ

ҹԳ˵˼ӵĻת̾˿ŮĻ£ĸ֮ȻҪɵ׻ҪӡƢϲʣǲϻǿȳɻ飬ҲضǶԹż˵ǰɣ

ԬһƤ£ͷ£Цǡǣ˵ǡ

͹ͺܺá
ֵ֣Ц㿴ƽ˫Եģɷˡ
˵ŤͷԬУʣ㣬СѾˣûҪӣ

ԬϵŨÿڳˣ⡢⡭Ҫģֻ첻ˣһֱϣҲûӡ


﷢Ц
һͨĴֶֻĹѾͷԽ֣д֮ʱ䶨Ǽ죬˼ҲŹ֡

̾˿ȰᣬҲ̫걾ʱʮˡˣ̫ҽԺԺжٵĸ׶ų彻ã˼óǧСƣֻ⼸ү£ټŵùȥѰ˽¸ƣܻٻϵġ

л񰮡
ԬдʱɫͷҪƵ˵ϡ

ҵһЦװʹ̫Ѩ˵Ů֮£ûϣҲ˵ǰźһˮС澣˵źӵŮһҪѡˣĪҪЩдĵŮǰڳɻǰͨѾͷģ

ԬһЦæĸ׹ܽϣ߳ʱҾƶŮź򣬿ƽ빫»Լ󣬸ǲͨ

ڴʱеĹ˺̫ԶЩæЦ˵ˣûүܣǰ֮ˣ


ҹ⣬ڤ˼ãɻʲô

ңæǴǰڹźĹŮϣūŵò룬Ǹʩԡ顱̷Ѿͷ


Ȼ֮εҡͷص̾˿бۿȻԬиĨ֮ɫо¡軹зŭȭͷ߬סɫЩ̫ÿԾһδ

ǰȻСòӣ˭֪ûˣȻǱ˲ѣռ鷿ﳤ̾Ĳˡ
ʱǰиŮòƽƽ˳ᣬ̬飬ǶԽ.飬ˣ·ʱΡΡģ˲Ŀ
ѾͷģҩĹȰãѹ֮£ץסǶʹ˳

ºѾͷģʱʹЩӺ͸֮ĶʼҺϸͷѹţѹѾͷҲ˴ȶͣĿŵãĬĬذĽ
һȥʻǡɶڸǰźţûסѾͷأǡþͱ𿴼ˣ͸һˣ鶹

߸˵شʳУһν鶹ȻһֻŮ.ŵô̱ڵأŶӿͨһʲ֪ǡ鶹ˣǶ

ʵ޿̣빫̡ͨ鶹Ѹ״
֪綼кУżԬ͸ѵ棬罿װɹ̧Сµʱ͹й֮£ıҪ
Ԭеʱ͹¶췢ģ˵ԼԹ겻Ӳı֮ġ
˽ѳĽεóѵûƫѾͷûѵûǰ

Ԭʵˣ˵ȷʵô£ĴδԽء

һϣͿʼָ¶Ҫһ

ʱźǳʹŮСƫһѣ˵ʵڲСʱ˼ѾͷҲǸֵģεֶҲ߯ˡ
Ϊ˶ͷ죬ջشĴغ䱦±ˡ

Ԭ֪Լԩ±Ѿ˾ϣҲپŲţȥƱµ˾֪Զǲã˵ԹТ˳ý޹ҲҲһֻ۱һֻۣɷҲĿɲ飬ūǶūɱ֮Ȩġ
Ԭ֮£Ҳƽϣ˽Ϊ˷ݣѾͷ

֪ûգҲ֪˭¸ͱ˳ȥ֪ң빫ߵŮ֮£ǸԵģ˵綹ŵƨҷһ

һʱ䣬˶ͬڨЦ֮¸没Сûҳš

ʱ˵£ҪҪֵǰԬҸһ˵ǻǵϺѾͷйңһҪ񸾡æֹ˼ҹļ£ʲôϵͽȥ



Щ£Ҳɵ̾˿ŤͷԬУС˲ᣬǿסû

ǽЩҪЩ
˾䡣

ǡ
ԬӦ

ԭ빴Ԭеķŭҳ飬˭֪Сһ䱧ԹĻûУĬĬ԰ͻҪôѾѹѱҪôǰ̳ɽˡ

˰ҪһһơŭҪһƣҾͲ˲ʯͷ

ţ͵ѧˣûдŽȥǴԬдӺԺƽȥͬʱҸȸʹ˸ɫʾȥͳʳ
ȵѧúһǰûãǿͣ½Ųվڴ˻

ʱǶŴ룬ðʳ˽ȥ

ѧʿķϣֵӼĴֲӸϣϷſʪֽƵĲסغۣ׵
ѧʿ±ѧͺεԶǰİϲʳϯ÷˱飬һ߿һ̻ʵذǷͺεԶ󣬰һļҳ¡

ƼȸԸһæЦŵл漴ͷѧʿЦȰҲ𼱣Щɣ⼸ϸ˼Ȧء

εԶæͱƤһЦأǻּڸԭȰȥ׸ϴѴ»СĳЩĵòУǳʣº׸ȳ̬Ǿסš֪ǿ߳ҧԱ˵˾˰ϵûУһûһ˵ҪĹ٣Ǻˣһȥط

̾˿ʵҲ̫ˣ˶רл˵ãϸñ½ѵ
æҲܰ򣬺úͬȥġ

⻰ŤͷԬУô

Ԭһæϡ

ЦЦ￴
ʱѧʿϷŵֽ£ֱ֣̾˰ˣ̸ҪСˣ÷ա

˿⣬ãб۳￴£ЦͷǼ̸ۣݵشƫԶʮδ˳Ĳ壬ʱӰգΪ͢ĸ󻼡
εԶüӵ棬٩٩̸͢ӿƽԪĹԾɲЧһٷЩ֮ͽ̳ǽ֮ģѹ֮

ѧʿѧ̸£һɨ⣬˿Цô

ЦѧΪӦĹٽ̻֮͢һ٣ԪˣʮϢĺ𽥻ָ𲻱Ҫսڹ档
εԶ佫ƢЩ棬һˣݣδҲ̫ЩСܿȭһټ統½ȥݣ˴ǰ㿴ݵķȶѲ䳤

ѧʿͷʣѧأ

üϸ˼Ƭ̣ЦѧΪ书ȱһɣܱ֮Ķ࣬ˮݶӣһʱ䲻ȫ𣬳͢ʩԻ֮ߣΪΪѹͰãꡢʮꡢʮԵ͢ҲĹٲΡ



Ȼۣб۳ߵԬȥ
ԬȻܵ˼𶯣Ľвʣ֪ᡣ

ЦЦԬעⱲӶ޷ֻڼźŹյͬҵʱβĽպͨƾˣһǿɻʷģأʷϲԽǹ֣֮Ҳݵ֮¡

ҷ·٣Цʣլˣ̫Щ˵Σ
ԬɫʮѿǿЦͦͦõġ
ҵͷ΢Цߣǽȥѧʿա

ˡ
Ԭ֣ŵˣ˸񣺡⡭Ӳʣˡݳиˡ

㡭
æ֣ȥԬУ˭֪С綼ӵûӰˡ
ʱǰסңЦǣǽǲҪ£ԬСأ

á
ݸҡͷЦЦǵλ棬ֻ󱾹ӵķݶû𽵹£ܾ꣬裬ûлʩչǸѪԵģԼһѣǾ;źˡ

ǡ
ֵͷ΢ЦյҶߣūܾùԬҸԵʣĲԭǹ֮󣬸ĸ˫󣬼ľԬɺɻ䲻ͼ޵Ϊūܾʲô

ȥһ¡
üԸٰӣͷԸ㷹ԸǸΪͷˣϱҲϣҲȥǰֵĶмӣӣһµʲôо






165.  õĴ   ֪ܶ

165--ľͷĴ

ҽԬд̼ߺ, ѧʿ˵˻ͷڸˡ



綼˵ơ
ԡ, ĬĬױ̨ǰ, ЩӢ㣬ͼƽԼǵ

ͷĳŷϳλ, ԽԽʿӿʼдĽ, ֳŸ, д, ˵ǰŪ˸Сᡱ, аŮ˵ר̽˽, ˱Ϊ̫ӣýա
ָժͬʱ˵, ʩѹ¶ޡؾ, ֮, , ǻͨ, ˵ѵܹ, Т˳, ʵ˵һ, ɼЩٹлϽ̵ĺá

뵽ˣҲɵó̾˿бȥ, Ѵʱڹϣϸſ鱡űȺ¼ʱʱŤԱߵİӣζĶ
ǲڿЦЦʳָڲյѵˮ£ַȥһҳרע仰Ƶüˣһ㻹˵ԹСͷ͵飬ͦ˼ģǲ֪ĳΪ֣ʵۻӹ޵маһʴ֣ɽѧʮ꣬ɿһδ棬µǱͦǻֲ̫ڣǳһɷǵĸоûС

㻹˼ĵ顣
ҺѾ˼̿ϿˣЩʵүҲˣȻס

֮ڷ˵ʲô˵¡
Ѷ˿ڣͷϣæӲЦӢۣҲǱߴߴʮô޿

ҴӳóСɹޣ˿Եıɸ࣬Ļ̫ѨϣһûһȻϣѾͷ޿ͬ߿࣬ҲҰųöȥƣҰ΢Ľˣ룬ЩףѾͷɲǸֵģǴӳĹ۳ǽˮ񲻳ҵĹҪͷؽȥԶԶ͵Զ֮أ

¡
ѽƱ˹齣ԹԴЬЦ谶ӬӪƽģ΢ӵɲң񲻸ʵϲŮ֮ӣ̻ˮ븮谶ϣǷҪ΢֣񲻵ﺣңû´΢ع׸ƽﲻ˼̹ܽװϧƼϱ֮˴Ԭңز̡˵΢ĽʮǰѾͷϻΪΣ˭ԣ֮󣬻û֮ǻصĹ۵ġ

š
ҵʱ˿
ʵº󷴸˼Щ겻ֹ˽³ĹۣҲʱ΢
ܾͬú΢Ѳ˸ϵ
䣬ƼѴӹ˼멣ϴæ߹ȥϵӣʣôҪȥĶǽѪȥ׸ͺôҪع飿

ݸңʳָҵıСԼǳĻ޿ɲܣȥϣϲϴ

㻹ָϴ㻹ʯͷվ·è˵ء
˿ڣϰȹ磬Сסѵĸ첲ƤһЦͬһȥʡҶӴ



ҲûĶֻò̾ǰͷŵƣЯСԺȥԶҹĹˡ̫Ӽݣ̾ӻ·ʾǱ˵վԶЩ

ԭֱӽݵģͷ겻סرԹ
ǻһۣĬشһ£ŵߵɴǱߣƿơ
ʱﳨҩζĿɬһشرӿƽڴϣβˣԵ͹һƬСֻըëĶȭͷ߬סʱʱسȥҪôսթҪôЩ벻֪

ȸͺһԡ

ȸǰ˸˷ʽڴߵСϣ۾ģҪƿĿӣСƿȸÅֱлֿٵشָͷƺָ

ùҪȥĸ׿ͷûΪʲôȥ

ȸԣװҪվûãԱߵİùţ⣬ݸָָԼ죬ָԼС·˵һûʳˣϽЩ

СšסԲԣߣ

ȸʵСû취Լţ⡣
мȹϣƼˣƲؼ𣬳Խ
˵ûйǵľٶҲûкػԷɾ˸о顣

ڴʱȸȥźɣҪ˯ˣ߶߶һʱҪܲˡ
ȸƲƲ죬Щίؿ·˵û˵߶ˡ
һԵĺЦȸȳȥգСľͷҿء

ȸǵ˼䣬Ųȥ

ѾͷһߣСŹϣͷóϻͷҹҴұܵǱߣҹУִӺ滷סӼЦôҩﲻסˣȸڸǰֹôòߣ˰ɡ

ͷС⣬Һͬʱûȥ
ûˣ͵Цƣʱҹ£ʪֽɾ֣ڵĺЩúÿ˻ģϤȥڴߵĽŵϣԵ̻ʣһЦЩҭţҪҪȵˮ

ȡ
ֱĨȥϵмŤͷԼġƨɡ۵ýԶ˲Ͱ
˵Ȼ£ͷſͷϣĵؿί飬Ⱳӻûô

˵Ŷˣ˵һӡ
ֱӣĦı֪ίĸԼŮ˱ѣ޾Ϳްɣ

޵ûץĨԼ飬߿ࣺ֪ΪҺãŰ˪ȥ︮ģΪβࣿ谶۸ͷˣһɵǺǵ׼ǼӰĻұ˻Ǯʱ޹ֻСӣͷң˵ҪչһӣôתͷͶأЩѵ֪谹Ȧף谾Ūõ̫ӣԬ廹׸Ĺҿ˰谶յͷŴѹҵģҲǵģΪ˰ЩȻºִңҵί˭֪


һЦ

Цʲô
죬ѵСƵȭͷش

ǷǷǣûиʢһˮ̫ˡ
Ӳеˮһڿڵι۵شȰЦǸСϸû¡Ԫµڱ¸ǰҲɵµôﻮ꣬ǳ䶯ǱֶΣûܽȫȫŴԼǰ˵ίô

ѵŲ˸طúȻЦҲˣʦ͸ǸҽҾ÷ƫҽҾȥ飬ҸǰСʱ§ҡ

˵ɵˡ
Ӳȥϵ麹Цб𣬴鲻СʱǣĪҪסѱ

ʵ۵Ķί
ƲƲ죬Ӵһ̴ֻľġ̤ࡱڻŤͷźЦҪúûţǰͷⱲӶҪչҡ

úúá
һЦæӦˡ
ḧСԴ˵Լίǲ֪Сʱ򡣡

ҵôˣ̫ôʲôί
æʡ

һʼɲ̫ӣҲʲôֻǸ۵Ļӡ
ҷƽĸ̫ܲ곶һ׮ıĸ㵱򣬱ʱ̫Ҳĸ̫˶ƣ̫ܲްʱ㸸ײġ

æѡ
δᣬеİŨǾµϰʮһĸܲġ
æסǻȥɡ

ް
ЦЦ§סң￴

ʱ·Ҳʲô˵£ۺģ̾˿ļ磬庢˯㸸ڹﲻӣǹ˶ǳȵŮڶ࣬еӺͳĽǵôСӣռԺˣÿ̫ʴ˽չˡ

ǵô̫ӵģ
ȻȤæʡ

Ǳµǻ֮ˡ
ĴָʵСľͷū㣬㴦ڱľԾȣ

ڤ˼ãüܵעнмأ˵Ϊĸ̫ϲ̫ߡǻңһǰԼҸӵȢȨƵĳ֮ŮɴջȵİģȵТӣ̫ĻԱϣһ̫ϲҡ̫˵ѵǺޣ

԰ķŭίȥˣô꣬һֶûԹָ̫ܺ㣬֪̫ηȥ̫ҽԺ뵱ʱԺжųݽҩ͵
̾˿Ƶ̫󲻴ӣԺѧҵģٵתơСľͷ㣬⻰㻹ȥô

Ȼȥ
ѿڶйģϸš

ɱû
ݸﾡǾ㸸ʱ߰꣬ŵ̷˵ԼС֪۵ζʲôĸǳիˣĸ̫ɱ㸸СС;߯⣬Ը㸸ԲԼ强ǮȫóūȥŷĸӻĺãȻѰһ̣ÿش;ʮλˣ֪ΪΣ

ü̫漮ݣǵصصϷˡ


üһЦŵТ˳ʮ£˿˵٣Т˳һꡢꡢ꣬Ǿĵġ̫վ㸸׵ТĴ򶯣㸸ŲԽ

ˣߵأ

ûֱ˵ʣСľͷ˽̫Ůô

һβˣ۵죬üϸ˼Ƭ̣٩٩̸̫Ҵ壬̫.ʵѡУΪ̫ӣһȵۣһǹκȵۼλʱ򣬲䣬̫ʮ꣬˵˺Ůʵ۲࣬Ʃӹģʱ̫Ⱥƶߣʹǿʢ̫ʱ򣬵˵ȵ޸Ҳ

ͷЦû̫ϤĽ£㸸׹ȻһǧĽδ˽ʺ˶㸸ȵѡе̫ӣⲻ֪̫һַȥġ

治װ
̾˿

ֹǲס
Цūȵү̫ްȵүսڳʹ֮һʱʱٽݣԬصֿʱ͢Ǩ֮࣬ÿռˮƵ͵㸸׸ǰ˵㸸׺ս޹ˮ֮УԽһЩ֮ûˣʱǱ㸸λ;ܻκ㸸׶סѹȣѸ֮ƽѣ룬ʱǳܲסڨĿƽʢ

ⷬȶͷĬãȻ̧ͷס֣Ȼ飬κ嶯ˣˣҾ̯ǽ࣬ڸô찡

ڴЦū֣ū㻹ȥʱ¡

ԣæ´ҴѣҪȥ



ͨˣҵʱ˿ѡ
⹷֮ɫϸ˼Ƭ̣һסҵӣҴҵؾ͸ԺСȥȻߣҲȥ׼׼СǿˣҪ̣̽ν֪ܶ¡






166.  ֪ܶ   

166--֪ܶ

ҹˮ, ұקżҴСԺȥֱ˲Ͳܸ꣬оﴫů
»Ƶ, ҳȥ, 㱼䣬ҷ·𿴵ʮ, ڸǣ֡

һգۣͳ˸߸ߴˡ

֪, ҺҲʮꡣ

ݺ, ҵ, ֱȥ, Ϻ½, Ĩƽ鷢ɫʮ࣬, ңʣ, 㿴޻᲻֡ϵĸо

˫ۻס, ʳָ°, Ƭ̣е㡣

ѲΣ, , ֳ˱, ִӱʼ֦, סعؿңΣǲæµûմСӵĸо

š
ͷ, סЦе

ǿôá
ѽü΢򣬺ȻըĨ⣬һվ𣬳ҹ˹֣ʾͬڼȥ

Ҳ֪ҪʲôŽȥʱ˶ױ̨ǰżæŵط֬ˮۣšһֱۣԼˡ


бſ򣬿Цá

޵̬֮
Цúܻ

ڴʱͷŲţͳº͵𣺡£

ˣɱĨӵسҰʾ
⣬ȵȵȣ¸˯¡

˵⻰Ҽױ̨ǱȥֱѶ棬ۣƼͿĲҰһƬҲЦָ°ͣص˿⡰ӡĴ
ҴһǾޱˮӽ͸ˣϸظ۾̫˾ͺܼ٣ڷЩƣͿϲǲء

˵䣬סƷЩͣ۵ȣȻĨȥ
ͷҰŪȻЦⷽмҰ
˵⻰ͬʱֲֵسҺȥ

Ҷ
Ҵ֣սɴϵķۡ

Դôô
ѱʶЦҡ

˵
ҰԴϻ᳤ҲŲأŮֻ֦¶ġ

޲š
ѻЦá

Ц֮ʣˡ

Һͬʱָ崲ǱߣҼüŪۡ
°ͣ˸ۣʾġ

Ȼ⹷嵽崲ɺãղŻǸȵɫͳ˱˪ӣдƣ˫ţгûģ﷢ʹ
סЦӲＷᣬߣĵɡ

бȥڼСű˴ͷƿż⣬Ӵͷߣ΢ͷżС˵ģƨɷۣûлҧأϸܵ亹ĳص˽

̧ͷһʱ󾪣ֱӳ˹˷磬˫ץסѵļ򣬴ŵϡ

ôˣôˣ
æңͼѰҴ𰸡

㻹ʣ
һƿ˲£ס޵Ǳģǳô£˵Ĳǣ㻹ԽˣϾʹֵܣضײôôϰ

ϡ
ʱֲΡΡ̧ҵıȰĪޣޡˡ

䣬ͨһ򵽴ߣͷڴϣʹغޣǺĴҰɣҴˣ治ТҸ

бѣ΢Ҳ΢΢ȻǼЦ
⹷ѵ̧֣Ȼžһ£ʹûû¶ӣޡ

ɾϷˣӵĻʱ͵̧ͷϺˮɻصѣ԰ز˵̫ҽԺ綼ˣڸҲͷװİɡ

⡢⡭
ɫЩȻת

ȻӴǰϸϸز鿴ѵַڵϵ֬ۻ¶ԭķɫ
ʲôҲˣֱȥӹȻһ磬С˲ˣ˵˾䡰ƭˡ˭֪ƨϵˣƵԭֱ

̲סһЦ۶ӣæǰסҪĿӣһˡ
˭֪СӸһߣ˫קסӣˣͨ죬۾ضסңҡҳˣ𶯲ҿӣඪˡ

ʲôˣ
ƲƲ죺ϰʮˣҶӣ￴

ѽ
ֱţбѣ
ѴʱѾƿ´ٴЬױ̨Ǳպ¶ӣһ߲һߣ·ʱָ¶ӵļ磬º͵

Ǹ˵ûųȥͷ·˰ӣƲСǱߣƵͨ⿴

ʱСֻѺ
Ѹ󣬶Ȳ裬˹غȣϣͷҧס´ʱʱ̧͵͵

￴ү۾ֱһģһ

ʱѽǰСɽһȫƵ˲ʱ䣬໩ȱߡ
ϵ̺Լɣʮ߷ǲġ

ԣæƣûŭһһϸдʣ·ڼʲô

Ұ⣬˵ѳ޹ֳԵ컯ɱ𳵡ˣſŸ󳼡
ѵĮ˵⻰ϲκϲŭ֮ɫ

أ
ͷԽˣ˫ַأæѾʶԼ³ç嶯عϴ

Ѳûġ򡱣ƿǣشȺ˵㱩Ụֱ̋Ϊ̫ӣضһƬѪȷ磬޷֮λҲ˵һ˵ɣͷ磬±ܵܣý˭̫ӱȽϺʡ

ҵ˲ʮҴӲѸǰ˵йشκۣΪ˱ӣãô⣿̽ûҰģȻѹ

˵˻ҪȥӽΧȻƼӸ߸ߵذͷֱѡ
ʱĿᶨ˫ȭ߬ס˭ʡ

üЦǲʣ˭ʣ

üһҺʣ

㣿
ѶȣбۿӣƾʲôԼʣ

ҽŵÿڸץסӣоĶҪɤˡ

ʱֱӣֽһӵϣȻЦų绫ޣɢų⣬˰ڲѶϣֹԹһ㣬ҲϢˣܣԱޣ޴ͳ֮ļƣɢרעֺͿڸ֮ԣǶʣҺʣ

ҵ˿ŵؿѣûҲûϲ̧۵س󽫲ϣЦ޻ûԿģƤֱȳĳǽˣɡ

һ⣬ʱϲ̫֮λҼƤͷˣ

ҽ⿴Ѿվˣʱʱȥƨɣֲڵǰʾңվö˶ֱֱ
أӺȻ͸ˣѺЦ˾ƤǰһǰƣƤͷһȳһյǰſϣץӸ̻ʡ

ȣʣǻڵǰ޺ţ˵Լˣ˵˵ɣĶˡ

һĸȥ߲ѵصͷָϻȦԴ磬ô嶯裻׸ͺ飬һ֮¾ȥţߵܣǲýϡ

ˡ
ЦԼȹĲƸתŴĴָϵİָʣý޷㣬ڸգܲǰ취Ҳû⣬˵˵¸ô

˫ס豭ʳָڲнöγѪˣ͵ףųųŹʱˣٲáţȥ׸Ǹ

ţԣЦʣص̫ˣ硢׸飬лҦԺġʦģԼǵʿˣΪֻԬǸ

š⡭
Щԥֹ

˵޷
еС¯ǰ¯ϵͭԼ˱Ƭվ΢üӵƨɣЦôûöˣŻų˵ˣ

ǡ
ָͷպ˵裬д˸Ԭ֣ǳЦ¶ĳţ˵ѡ
ˣһ£׸ĳʿӣһ£·ָ֮ժңά򸾣ҾͳҲңԬͲһˣʦǳе׸ĹٺͳʿҲǿ裬ŶԺȺ֮ԣＴɣֻҪ׸Ӻͽ⣬˼˳ģҲɿˡ

š
ѴǸĨЦﺬŹı㣬ѭѭգԹ׸ʵȱٹ̣ܽƽﾻϲڱ˾;Ӫ˻죬ͬҰһᣬѧʾһ㶼ͨ

üЩ飬һһ̹ȥģˡ
ʱҲв֮ɫ
ɺȻСס૵Ʒ׸˵Ļ͵ǰһæתͨһڵأЦлָ㣬İԬ׸Ϊʦָ㺢Ϊ˴ĵ

ѵĴǶҪֵ̫ѨˣǰḧĺڷЦһԬ廹У޽ʱûҦҲ̽㣬ֱɵĿƵ٣úôһֳӲʯ

л̧٣
˸߲ҵؿ˸ͷץסѣϵӸмɵǺǵͷЦٺ١

ٺ١
ֱѧŻЦһһקԼѣط˷ʣ˵Ǹĵģ

ҡҡͷ

˵ûָǻָʯͷ·ء
ս˪̧ǰѾͷСʱ˵ʲôˣԺһһ㣿

ٴҡͷЦֻǸһңһ仰û˵䷢ĵؿ޺ţȽ¯Ҿ˰̧ˡȻͨ˪ڲңҲĶպһ˪ͻ²⵱ҵͬ˪˵ʲôǸɵˣضǼ澣ҹҹڲУ

Сõͦꡣ
˫ֱ´ЦοΪأ񵭲ĴƣʱʱطӼգޡؾ

Ǽʼ壡
ѿڶ˿ڡ

üһϣһһڵ裬ôޡؾģȰƵĺ£󹦵һԼ£ˣɼݲˡ

Ǳģ
˸ۣЦǽ޷ԼѾʵ޶ȡ

ᴵȲ裬ЦЦʣޡؾʲôԵʣ

סڤ˼ãҡͷֻ뵽㡣

ӣٸ̸
ѸļպҪһˣÿҪ飬֮⣬һһУЦҪģⱳ󶨱⡣Ʃ磬ֻҪǸӵģ֪ޡؾΪɸһɣ˺ԡ
˵˫΢΢סЦ㻹̫ˣƽغЩӪĳн֮оӹΰ޷Ϊھıޱȣƽȴи¡

ʲô£
æʡ

ѹǳЦûӡڶ࣬ϥȫǹŮʮȴûܼ̳Ķӡ곣ǰԸܱӣޡؾҺի̽ô£뷨跨ѰóǧСƵĴ򣬸к檰ƲȻûãеĹһУ㣬Ǻܵܲ󡣳е˴Ըκμлӣʵڳޡؾ翶ң޷𾭡

Ҷˡ
ĿƵף޷һðǾӪͬʱ£佫

ףĶͷɵ˰Сӣ磬лԶأĳ佫ֺãأˣһӦԵķӶûС

˭˵ûС
ظͦҧס´ֱðһЦ޷ԼôҾָģ޶ȣҽͷΪԼƣ£佫ôǹЩȥѳΨһĶӴȥ棬飬Сȱֵء

ѵתص棬˵˵ʲôСᣬԺˡຮ·չ˲óӣĲ㣡




167.  ĺãϣ   

167--ĺãϣ

ϳµ˵, ˡûǰǾ͵õȣڵȵĹҪϵı, ȴߺÿһ·

ںСʱ֪, ǻͥŮҪӪġʮ, ѸԼɳͬ÷女ɻȫȫ⾭ӪСҺͻ, ΪìܺͲͨ, ǵĹϵѺ, ø, ͬΣٵһ

Եʧܸա

Ѻ, ҲϷ˼ǰʧܡ

һʼܵдĦ̫ѣֱʵʵڽӴˣĥ, ಻죬, Ҿʯͷ, ӲԼۏһ·, , ʼձŹΪϡΪµĲ, ʮǶԴ, , ҲԼ㣬ңʺ϶Է, ⡢ͨԽԽãҲԱ˴˵ĸԽԽ

ҵĽʮʱͼᶨƵߡ¡·ʱûֿ֣տգǡõ÷ҸʱйӪ̵ľ飬ˣ˳ػһǧ꣬ʮ˺ܶ¹Ѹˡ

ҶӵĽʱҾ˼ǹһгһ̩ɽô죿ҸԼ·ǵĲƲһתƵཿڱķֺš
ӵĽ⣬Ҳϸ˼϶谵Ӱ죬ԣҶڶǲûй̫̫ܵҲûʱʱ̶̿ڹԸ죬ȴĺúӣʮʱҾ֪ĳȲ谣ռ˸ʱɻʵԸѲǳ衢ǳ⡢ĥǷĵϲ

·ˣѻȻʡ

ֳ͵ܵ˭̫ӣ
ŵػش𣺳ң˭ʡ

Ц˾ƤʼƹܵĳַӦԸնġ

̫ӣôҲŵ˵һ䣺ҸķʱҲԶˡ

֮ʣҸСߺÿһ

̼ǵ죬ʹϵʱǹĨǵúӣԼڶӡ

μգѻعµʱطһȳһ̫ȥСǹ¸صؿͷֱԼٲ£ԭǼԼŮĽ磬ߴˣ̧ȥˣû뵽Ǵᣬû뵽ҲȺֳҲǣˣ
С׸ָһŭ֮޴֮£´ѣҹܹɽѾ׸ˣλʥ֣Ϊձ˵Ʋ

רŸ׸Ⱥ

ⷬ˵꣬麣·Ϳʼѣһ˵ǣѣʵڽõͼū.ƵŮͶԾ
ɺ·յߣʷվЦ˵ѵССͱ£ǴܸģĪɣ
ʷ˵ģ䰲μҸӣ˵׶ӪѪѧʿʦûжӹȰٺ»䰲ͬʱСµöָʦ

ص˳ʣϵȷȱٹ̣ܽ˵˵˭أ

ߵԬǰͨһˣкžѧʱ̸׸ؽݵӢ£ѣѧеġ׸ģ׸Щ꽫̳ƾӣѧԸ׸̵
ţת򻧲ҦǱߣʵѧǱʺĸģСûܹĥֳţ׵ܾţȫǷӭĺ֮ҦֱӲɻѧݣ潫ѧĴָʵʱκ֮磬ѧݲ˹ʦҹ¡

ǧ򴩣ƨѴ

ԬҦɫͻһۣҪ
һԵ÷奺ʷ˵ʱǰЦ˵ϲλˡϲ

ϵ΢΢ͷҲźǳλæޱٶֱָԴɵĿƵΪʦպҪԼԼУٳ嶯޶ϳͲ

ʵ۶ôˣȻѾ˾ϣ϶ǲλ˳ĻڹαʥϣŲأ

ԬҦٷּ˵ضʶϤĽ̵

ɱ麣·ȴģɣò״סԸο׷Źæ˵һʵʵĳʹûУ»ڻҿʥŸ󳼵ɣݶ֮λΪһȵĿ

ʷվûгʹѵ龹ûյѪ£֪ʹСүүѪģûһ⣬ѵ黳ɱδҪүȺ֮¿˵Ҳ߯խЩ

·ʷòɿ֮ʱԱࣺȵ۳ɮ½ɸۣЩٻΪѸۣڷţͷȥáԴӿƽԪ𣬱Ѿʼɮ»ףȡ¹۲иȨ겻֪ʲôʱ֮磬ʹɮ˵λ̧ߣһЩŹֿʼ˽ɳţɮռ³£Ʋ֮硣

Ѵ󾪣£

÷奲Цб麣·ŷ񻨾ޡؾ֪ǲģ

ɫ𽥱úܲ飬ȥ顣



ˣŸ󳼰˽ˣ̫׺񡱰һǡ

ʦڸ˼ˣͿʼ׵ָ㣬ȥӽӪнĶӳ١
ǳٱȕDDFFС꣬Са˵ȡ˸ϣܰ˳졣

佫ȻŶӳӪѧ֮
֪£ؽɴȥӪ˼գ֮䣬ҲһһѱһȺ¼£ûգ⼸СӾʹһƬϣɾ͸ĿˣһʼϹϾΪСүƨ߶ƨ߶ظɻΪ硢硢С硭

գʳ٣ԸԸСһȥ
ͬ͵һ飬˺üյġȺ¼ȻһٸԸ⡣

Ŵ£ͷЦ˵飬·Ǹóȥʶ˷ȥ̽ɪһȥա

ˣѻ⿪Ժİ
ǳгڹٳ;Ӫ죬֪̫֮ܲλʵѾʼˣǸˣᴢ֮£ֵı·ϳʲô£ѣ˵֮ʱΧϪ䣬Ѫ֮ڻ뿪һգۣѹȥʮ꣬¸䣬ͬһȥЩȥ˵ϲɨɨأһ㡣

֮أӦʣ˳˵ּӹⲦǮɵطزϱ׹ӣɳ͢԰֮һ꣬˷ȥд¡

ԣԼܵǮ͹Ŷ䱦۳ֱ˵Ϊ½°á

ּһ£Ұ·׷۵ʵ£ھеҲһ̨ס

ȥǰϦ
Һѽеǰͬ˵ȥעЩʲô

ҪΣһٹøοʾ׹֮£ǰͯ磬س

أ
̵ʹһҪӯС̵ɣϺһ˼Ů޸㣬ѾʹõĶˣ㲻⣬ҪүүJˡ



ƽʮһµףȥûճ͢лԣкεԶҲڽ˹Ժ

ǻһգ˸磬£ϡˡͷεĵɫ̦İȹԶɽüһױͬĽϱε󣬰˵ϱϱ赾кμ̫̫ϱˣһȥף

ҶţĽˡ
Щҹʮ꣬Ϊľ󸹬۹ʵԼαҫĸ
Ľʮίңȵľա

ʱͬĽڹի˵ЦţִͷҶ˵˸£ԭһ磬ȥ̴ҪȥЩ֬۸ӣӼɨɾⶼѬˮ㣬ٽӴԵĿˡ

ûᣬԭ֪ཿӦȥˡ
ѹ˵΢ӵ֪֣빫ݺ˳׸׸ͷһζԹ˵ػ¹ֻñȻسĹۣպ㡣գĹۣڹ΢ͬסһҡǵ̽رҹʱ֣ԼԼӷﴫŮзĶŹĸûֻܾ̽ţ󵽵ܴӷ߳ʲôˣɴӰӶûţֻ΢ǳˡ

⻰üϸ˼Ƭ̣׼㳵ӣȥһС






168.  ĺã£   ˫һ

168--ĺã£

ӵ۳, Ҿȥ
꣬ů, , ̿ƯżĨƣĵ⡣

Ǵӵ۵ƫųġ

֨ҡҷ·, ǰűװػƿ, ͷ˺Щ̴ӡ
ͬȴεжʮ, 곤͸˵Ц, ֧ʹСɨ·, ѾͷۿŰһ, С̯ǰ𸣴⻹ֻĵȵˣźӵѾͷִʱڹ, ̷Ľի

Ҳɵøпʮǰ, Ҹ߼ҲһָĸԹ, Ϊ, ﻹλóĹ, ҲȲӺշʢ

Խڸߴ, ҾԽľս, ÿһ׼ߡ

뵽, Ҳüͷؿڳϣ̾˿
һԹŵȸƼ, ¯ЦųҴα˽ģȲСľͷūҲ֪񻹱Qʲô޷𾭣ǽύԱѵԼһָûУ

ЦЦḧȸķ٣ɵѾͷ˼ҿɲһô롣

תȡˮĲ裬ҵݹ˷սѹȸЦƹԺɲˣǹģûҲˣԹ̫ӣĸͷѪӮӵ£мգûߵ˭԰ܵġ

ء
˿ڲ裬ܣҲó裬˵ģұʮ겻÷ðس¾ֻиưҲԲ˭Ҳ֪Ӯ˭ưɣλҺȵŸ߼ҡҡμҡһܣǵýġ
أҺȻ𷽲ͬҶǷʣǵ̽ûɣ΢ȷʵĪСѾͷ֣

ϸ˼Ƭ̣ü̽ūʱūҲţϸϸҽԸõԺӣԶҲôУ˵˵ĿūãУ£иˡ

Ǿ鷳ˡ
ȭͷ߬סָ֪⾹Ƕĵ
͵Ҳģҹĵƾճ΢˭ôҺѵ߽ȥģʮ䣬ѴδѰŴ䣬ĹۡҸϣǰмӵĵطҲаˣӰӶûš
˽ղˣֺ΢岻ģԣҵĸլͳĹÿʱվҪѼһͨûʲôҺͰģҲʲôûɸɾġ

ʱҲԳԼĲŴ綼أְڳ̤̤ʵʵزô꣬ôʲôҲα˽š

أ˾裬ľʩĽϡ

ҲôΪ
ʱϳ̹һУҪȷһˣðͷԣûмŴʬǰһֱǻŵģҾڳĳ綼Ӵˡ

΢ƾճָˣǲǿΪǸа̽Ҳİÿ¶ȥ΢Ѱ֣ǻ᲻Ŵܵıʲô

ưɣԽԽ˾ˣĶŵľӣ޷Լɰ£Ա

ԽԽľҷ䣬Ȼͣˡ
ͷһžŭǳҲ

ͷôˣ
ֺȸʶסңʡ

طˣǸҹĺѰء
涨ҹ˲ڽϣ⺺ȶˣƳǣŸ·ɲɵһͷײڿ·ϣʺһأ⺺Ӿƾʢ˵ǹ۸ƤǷ򡣡

⻰ƿ
ȻƼǰͷѾ˲ˣζһشش˷Żʱ˸ڵĺӣʮ꣬ϡͷòͷòƽƽ˫ɺ죬һľ죬ŵϵ˫Ьֺ¶ͷָ׷ȫǺ࣬Ǹ֮ˡ
ʺϣİտ޺ţƷ裺ûˣӽ£Ҳ֪ļҹ̫̫磬Ƶ˳ʺ򣬻Ҫ

Ⱥкʶ⺺ӵģסڱָ𣺡ͷײ˼С磬ˣһľζҤǮӻˣר˼Ҹ϶
ڨЦأǵҹɶ񣬸ϽʰҹȥŰգһʻ̯ţϣźӺ˽

Ц˷ǵҹĺӱ裬վҪܡ

ӷָֽϵһָֻ£ӵ⣬ĮСӼѣָǺӣĪҪ·ǽٲûùӳԡ

ûãٴ֨ѽ֨ѽسǰУҲֹˡ
ȻһԴǵҹ˳ɸлʹͣȾŮﻹҪСԸ꣬Ӷร

ҡͷЦЦųϵɴ˳ۡ
ǺӴʱվ·һԣ߬öָ˵ü۾ЦҾ

ûᣬȸһ¯Ӣ㣬ζ



ԼĪСʱ͵̵ͷˡ
ԶƼվ˶ʮֳֹĻѲӣκ˿˭ȥֻܴһƵ

ҷԸеĺţᳵ·ؽдĸ䡣
䲻ֻһŷӣཿǰԭ밵пĹºͻĽӴͣ׸ݿŶû뵽ôô

ϺǽڷһŲʱ¶ƴСĿ϶ܿǽͼĹ⾰

ͼרŽӴŹ󸾵ģʶõԻͣ˺̺߽֯ǺľŸһ˸ߵľ磬ͷһˡŮͼϰӺѪɺڼǾĸ㣬߶һһĶҤɱ

ʱͼвòĸˡ

׶ŵģȻǴĽǹѾͷѩаȹͷϴѾף˾µľױˮӺʣʮֹˣﻹֻͨѩ׵èüҺŹӸֻ߰ע⼯ĦСèϣˡ

ڹǰŸʮˣ΢ѾͷѾſˣ񻣬ɣüëϸӣʩһ죬ͷϴŮʿڣϴˮ£ǵĿʮСɵģϴŶԺ
òǶģɾǺͿйľУƫƫü񣬾ֹᣬָ׽֮УԹȥѰҪǸˣҲϲĹ

΢ǰģཿ
̺ʹཿʵҪ꣬˸˵ķģͷϴ֧ŸŮ飬˲٣ϴŶƶԽСǷëüõƤ͸Źк
ʱཿỴ̈ϥһЦϿӱ˻ᣬѵһ֣ɿڣйζǹﶼԲ

𵭵ɨ۹ӣϲδκα顣

ཿ̷£˶˽ʮƿСһĴɹޣĸ:Ǻö檿򲻸ǰ檽׼ʮĻӣڳǹеĿڱԲؽⲻֶϻˣϵҲУ˺ü
֮⣬ظ³ĺöĺáͷͣ͡԰Ħַϵļ۵ͬ˿ǶļҪģʹǶ

ˡ
ͷشཿĻĮʲôĻȻڱǰݵ˵

ʧˡ
ཿæϥǸ̬ǫ

˭֪ڴʱüͷȻ𣬶ཿڵһ֬գʲô̷ѵɾѣ

ʧˡ
ཿȻŷӿЦԭǼ檵ŮƤŪ֬ʱŪڼ檵ˡ

ССӤϲ֬Ūۣɼ̥ë
´ཿǸĨЦ˵㲢δɻŮ֪ӵĸ˭ôǰ̷˾Ķͣÿֺĳλߵýû˸ֻԹֻȴ˿ûйŮһûи׵Ů˭Ȣ̼ѱҲãθŮһĽɼǸ˽ġ

һ˵ãཿƤ¡
ÿô.ɫɫˣѣҲûĿ̱ϣæЦǣѵǣ檼ˡ

ʱһŵ΢æվ߹ȥסཿĸ첲ĦţЦǵ춹ġ
˵΢ӯӯཿЦڹʱҺԽûҶޱ䣬컯Ū˰ǳһŮӣӪӣЩӶȥˣǴﾴ

Źˡ
ཿףϥ˸

ˣźˣ֬ӷ£°ɡ
ˡ

ǡ
ཿ˸æˣǼ檾͸ˣŹ£ֻܲ˺檡



ûãֻʣ΢ˡ
èɿ˼£ԼĲ豭˿ڣƲƲ죺ͬ˵ô໰ʲôһ̷˾ı֮ˣҲֵ

΢ӽǲŴߵĸۣб𣺡ѽ˵ʥ費˥ĹҲ߯ˣûĵˡܴ㣬ͱǿֵҿ䡣

Ц
΢ʮʱ͸ȸҾͶ϶ǸŮʮȥȻˣӱ̫ˡ
Ťͷ֣ͷ÷ΣĲϲ

ֶ׵ȱߣڴһϯϣ͵СֵĶӣ˵Ц̣ûôʹɢϯѰѣȥ¥ƾƣڼ˸.Ůȸߺ󣬱ǹֱޣظִͬ˼͵ȥ¥Ǹ.ŮεûȣǼ/Ů˵˺ܾõĻ֪ģھ¥ŮӶ˾ͺʮ˷ʲôҲδ֪

üң뵱꣬÷奱Ҳ͵͵.潿ʼġ
Ԭг˵ȥ¥⵽ײ֮٣Ҹᣬú⺢Ӻú˵һ¡

ǲأͬԬ޹ϵ
ʡ

ϸϸ˼Ƭ̣ū˲ˣҲǹٻ˼ҵĹף׺Ԭ׸ͬѣԸĸʺ󣬽ϱľԬңҲû˵ʲô¶ؾصġ

š
ҵͷĪҲ´ˣ
뵽ˣҽͼ￴ʱӵѾͷѾ˳ȥֻʣ΢

΢µͷڶ󣬴֬Сָպ˵׼Ĩص̾˿֬ӷ£Ҳ֪ʲôĵ£ʱ

㣬ö˶˵ôˣ
ɫԾţæ̽ȥӸ΢ᡣ

ûʲô
΢㶵ضԼָͷϵ̺죬ԳһЦ֮ĺö

Ȼס΢֣ż֮ɫѣģҼȻܽĽˣһܽǼ澺ſԼĸԹƲˣҸǰͷ磬εҵֹ˵ͬ

ҲѴҺ£ͱˡ
΢֣Ȼ֪ңҲҵĽⲻһģºԪңⱲӶڳĹۡ

˵ʲô
˿ڣæο㵱겻Ϊ˾˾˵˼仰ˣ治֪Ϊݲ㡣Ŷ֪ˣԪǼڸʸǰĸףҺ͸磬κβãͽϡ

˵Сӻˡ
΢һЦܳĹۣ˼Ԫ

¡
ǱģЦſԼָ׿ǼֶĻ£ȻҪֺңڸʸǰ˵ûƣϸȥҽΣðĽˡ

ҿĲ˳ȥǰȸмۣڴЦ
Ц̾˿ûס˵˼䣺߳࣬īߺڡµΪѡԬңԭʵصˣƴ̵ֱֻܸ꣬ϧƫ𻳲꣬ѧһ룬˷

Ҽ￴
ʱ΢æϲ裬ֽƿĺáӵݸ˳ŹĻȤˣˣ˼ԪĸӲһʱٰˣˣҲʮûλˣû¾ûжᷳûѡ󹬣

ˣϻģµѾͷ밲ԭøʰѾͷ£ζԺиʲô£ڹҲиܴͷˣ˭֪Ҹ˵˼仰ѵ˶٣˵Ҳ֡
ҧ´صӣòյ˼£޵Ҳ֪Ǽʹʲôӹ򣬰ѸԳ˵ŮѪʹò˥ҲʮͷռҴû֦չҵѾͷȶϸ

˵־۵һ𣬱Ȼ˸ԲȦЦô㣬и֮ô


΢Цû֦ҲҲ߯ˣԺɲҵ㣬öԶԶģָôء

ǲͬҺãҾͿˡ
ӿӣץס΢֣ʵﱻ乬ռæֲңǼٵѧңΩнĴңǼڸǰοҶ֪ô

һ𳤴˵Ļɾͼˡ
΢æˣƣױء

ġ
Կ޿أŵ΢ʵǵңͽû˽һڹءҲ˲ãʫͣҺɻ鵱죬ǽϿһϣʲô϶¶İ

ȥˣѾˡ
΢Ҳʵʱɫ۲£ˣúùӰա

ˣ
ƲƲ죬޵Ҳ֪ײʲôаˣشͷȻǿӣҪͬ£˵ʲôպѵĺӶˣȴϥ¿տգҸӡ

ô
΢ᣬЦʡ


˸ۣԵŮˣָҰӸһ۶ģѽǽһ٣ӽԡͰú÷ʡðңҾ͸ʣ

ѽ!˵㣬߯۸ˣʵӡ˵ž㡣
΢ӲϵĹ֭ҺҡͷһЦٲºҪ㣬ˡա

֮ɫҲŲҪ壬ϳȥˡ

΢б𣬻Ц㲻Ҫ壬Ҫ˭壿

Ȼ˸ͨ죬Ӹճ΢㡣

ˡ
΢Ų裬ȤҲ֪˭ϺС𽵹Ūö̫ģ㣬Сû

һ⡣
̽ûȻˣС˭





169.     

169--

̽û, ϳĹ۹Ȼƾճ˸ˡ
С
϶֣Ǹƣ˭˽Ĺ, ض֪΢, û׼Ҳǹ빫һ, ɱͷ
϶ǳи߹٣²ԱҲ̫, ˭ô, ·ѻŹ, ׸Ź
ƺ, ûְǲпԺ, ºм常ǰͷţҲпܾһͨƽƵʿӡ

һĹѾ˺üĲ², סƿȸݹĲˮ, ￴
溬, 嶼Ҫ˳, С, Ѿͷߵҧ´, ۲ת, ૵ĺܺá

Ķð
΢Цò˰˵ůĻֺ㣿Ǳأ

, 㣡
Ӹմ΢˿ڣʹ, Լȹŵİٺϻ͵ЦҪǿǸľͷٱҺ˵ϻƩҪһɫ֦ѣأ˵ʲôᳫڼ󣬱ǹﶼйԲôӣãԽأ

㣬ÿʹͲ٣Ҳ߯ˡ
΢ڴһЦ

ɲǣ
˿ڣ˵ңȻתͷ͸磬Ҹ罫ҺǳͨңԬҶЩҪҪһôжȻѧ״ûϢ
𲻽˸ۣȦסԼӣ԰ڣͬһ£СͲһˣͬ˵ݣԵûɫĪðַ£ԶԶǿˡѽᡣ

ôᣬøҰա
΢ʳָ¹ĸ첲Ц

ѽ
üһ̽㣬ģҾ״

΢š¹죬ЦԽˣǸҴ⣬ѾͷðһˣİգСֻ£ԵŮˣһۣ֪Ѿܾû檵ˣ񰡡

ǡ
Цõ⣬š˿ѣԣ֪ճһڣסڣŻ
΢ƼˣæȥĴŹıùµ̹ЩͬʱŤͷǱߣҪˣͱסӡ

ôˣ
΢ڹȱߣͷŮȻĨ֣סڣʣ㡢㲻˰ɡ

꣡
æס΢˼ڣѹȥЦǰҾ͸оϰٰ㲻ʣҸϵĸ£ȷʵˡ

㻹Цó
΢¹ȣ̽ʣӵĸסô

Ҷһûͬˣġ
ڲ裬˸ۡ

ǡ׼ô죿
΢æʣҪ͵͵õô


˫ץס΢֣ᣬ޺޵ҪҵСǸˣСĸæȨҲûúùܹһգһҪݸ߹ĺӡˣϻظҾͬ¾˵ϲˣ㣬

˼ǧŶӻûϽ˲Ȼ֡
Ԭң״δһ׸ճӣ׸й𢣬Ǳ¶֡
һӹաǰȡ£ĿľΪ˱谣֪д£ܷŹ㣿
ͬʱ˱º׸벻ˣ
ǱΪã͸Ȱ㼰ʱֹǡ

ҽ￴
ʱ΢üͷϸ˼Ƭ̣˵ӵҲУǵˡ

Ȼ
Цʱ˵ˤһ֪ͰѺˣҸǰ˾й¶䡣
˵ָСһΪ²ûģºҾȥλŰɣҶԺضǰƽ

Ľѽ
΢ȻʼᣬصϣԼĶӣʲѣǸģ˽µ̽ңһ컨ⱲӶкˡ

㣬ˡ
ץס΢֣æ԰οҺӳˣԺТ㡣ҸλȣԺźңǺ̲Ÿſ񣬵ưɣҸϻλϵøʺ÷Ϊ˾˾˺ô࣬϶ǵġ

лһֱҡ
΢ס֣ߵǲȻãҲôࡣֻǡźܳλĶӡ


ӱǿ׷ߣóҸʮأֶȫȲҸ磬أһˮСֳô󶯾Ĺٵˣϱ²Ѫ͵ҹᵱ̫ӣ

ɵӣ㻹û͸ⳡ֣ʱҪҪǽ
΢ֻԲר־ذƤɫЦô򸾣׸ͺ飬ʱ͢ɷλĺô󣬿أǱ´ֻΪ˶³죬Ǹ˪ˣ׸ͻȻʦȥӪĳ·˸߻أ裬·Ƿ򸾣ĴŲˣ˸λá

΢üͷԽšԽָͷǿŹԲ飬֭Һ˳ָû´½֧ȥǲԸʱְѱӸǣȥͷ˵еԽԽ󣬵ưɣҪʰˡ


æʣ㣬˼ǣС֣

ˡ
΢̾˿

ô죡
ȻˣǻɱϣҲǣԺÿɫӣ

š
΢ŽűߵĹԲ⣬÷ЦЦ

ǡûзֹ̫ӣ
ʡ

ûС
΢ҡҡͷ̾˿㻹ûֻǱµ׶ӣ˶Ƕġ
΢Ȼ뵽ʲôüǷʲô⣬ƩȻްˣмˣ̫֮λضġԹ̫Ӷǵӣرǰȷ󣬸һ˳ĵλĸ׵ûܶùżעҪ߼һһڽ¡

ܣ
ӣظһһЦҲ䵱ʺ󣿼ȻС뿪ˣ·Ϸʲô¡

ʲô£
΢Цʡ

ش˵Ƕҵĺܣʱʱɽ˳û
èڻĦèȻݺסèĲӣèʹʱҵŤӲҽУϾǸСèûþͱŪˡ
Ǹûˣǲɽˡٲòߡʳݡ֮ǸСȥûˣԪǼ澾ûָˡ



ҵ𽥱䣬֪䣬ֻһҾ̥״ɲ豭顣
Ƭҵģʹ𽥴Ҿѡ


æӽҵְסȸϽȹϵĲˮȥĪҪģӣЩа˵ˣʳԶģǰеȫһаٵʿԼҲգû˻˵ġ

š
治ɫֱߡ
ظұġ

ǰΪ˱ӣûѸǰŪǷǣҲŮκ£˵ҲúѾͷƬӼƽϣȻҶӵ⡣
˵ûижһ˼Ǿͱˡ





170.  ù   

170--ù

ҳ, ɳȥˡ

һȥŹһ˸΢һϸϸŲĹ۸լԺ˿, ز鿴òӢġд֡˳йԱ, Ѿɻӡ

㰲׵ұ㷲ػظˡ



ҹ˾, ᴵϵĹơ

һԡϴ, ȥǵơȥ, յ, ֺѾͷÿҹ̿ȥ, ô󱦻, ӣɺɵӡ

Сء

Ѿ£ڴ, ˫ָ۾ס, ֮, Сס, ʣô

𶯵

˰, СűȺ¼, üͷشĦ, һֳɽ״, ʱʱش̳ȥȻDDļɾѾѨֹѪ, ָ㴫

˵䣬ȶ˫֣žһɱ󣬼еʣôûио֮й

ŴںɷнµʣĶ

š˻ѿڶ͡ͶӰɡ

áصصͷ˿Ĵ˶ӣȣ񹦹ˡ

ţתֶ֣üҴ㣡

ɰ磺㣬Ҿûˡ

ָɵؿڣôСֵôˡ

ͲСȭͷɵļͷ

Сһֳɵ״ɵĸ첲

ϣ㿳ˣɴͷֱӶɵĶӡ

СӺȻͱһִ㾾ͷҿ˭ãȻƼҽˣŵͬʱ֣һģһСһæڴϹã쳤ǰֻûţ˴һ˺ˣͷĶ޵ʱͷ˳

ˡ

ҼߵǱߣͼֿС˭֪ͷ˶ӡ

ҰϽµСӣڴߣ˴ȥ뵽ͷҲ֪û컹ûůǲ̰ˬ죬Ѻ͵͵ˡ

ţҾˣ˫ӿҵѹˣֱҲ࣬СԴͬʱСؿҡ

ƯɰСҵŭ綼צ۹ȥˣɰװ

ɸæظҴΣ

Сèͷϣߺӣ۰Ͱ͵ңףҪòã

ɲˡ
ұ죬ίѵ⡣

СͬʱصصͷɴӺ汧סҵĲӣ°͸ҵļϣ§סҵŤƵ˵ʲôϲˡ

ұһЦȥѴʰ޺ãʾССȥ˯

żæŵزŹԹɺãɴ˸УңͬȥˣΪʲôͽüͷϲۼΣ˼ھͶˣ˭ô

û¶
ɵļ򣬺˯ûвˡ

ſʣ˵̸öΣ˿ǺйأͿǲֳײʲôԼǵճĹģԼаԵͰˣ˶ͷƵģ˳

Ҳ¡ҰɰϣѱҴã˵ܣСӲҽͷ˯

ץסҵӣ͵֣µȥǰһҪúչǹҾȥ

ҲǣҲСظͦ𣺡˭۸

úúãû۸ҽ§סĦůģûС

һߺ˯һ߻¡

Ǳߵûʲô뿪ͻعˣĹ۲δʲôɵˣǰıԺŲ飬δݾߣ򸽽İմ˷ûмòӣҲûжչ

Լڰʱ֣΢ر˵ǷЩ쳣

΢г󣬲δ̷سĹۣΧβȥ˹ڰضùźīɫҶ

ԼĪʱԬдӸѾͷβȥ˳ϵһƧС¥

Ѿͷ·֪¥һ.Ů˽أδǱ¥Ǽ.ŮһʮƱǼ.Ůȥ--ӽǹʱиطнǣиѧ峵ĴԱ⣬Ա⼫谮޷Ůֻϧ޷ŮԱòľګһйϣ⻳У޷ŮѳƸԱĺӣʱȫǶ֪޷ŮԱñӣԱȴɵǺǵز֪˵ó档

ӺǼ.Ů΢ָʾЦүԱ⣬ô޷Ůͼ򣿡

˱ƣЦȻǲŹô˻һ֧



رʱ΢ԱߵĸţЦ˻ӣʩʩȻ뿪ˡ

ҹ΢ûлسĹۣȥ˳һġùݡ˸εɾ㣬ŹϺδм˿½ϴȥϵۣ֬ϻڣȥˡ裬ðշֽٽ⿪м˸ù͸ͷϸϸü

ĩˣ΢ճյؿмˣЦЦžˣЬ඼Ķӡ

мһʼװģܳȥ׷ͷҡڵػݣͬҫ˵ˣֵܶźǺ󻧵үǣһƴ˹иò绨ĽϸŵˣŮ߯־ǰŽϵ飬ӨԲСָǰСԼļԹɡ

һȺ˵Ц䣬ȻѹѹȥִֹĶ񺺣ǽӴ΢м˾ֱͨ˰֣ͣȥˡ

棬΢һ·񱼻سĹۣ谵ĳں

ǰ΢վǰǳĬޣȻʼδҲûп΢мˣûѵʧҹֻǵ˵˾Щ˯ϳ뿪ˡ

΢㣬ڳĹʯ̨ϱ˫ϥãʧǵطع

һϱû

˵ܽ΢Ľ㣬֮󣬲֮ĺý㣬ͬʱּӵеһУһ͵Уһְн赯.ŮĿڣ淢

ϿȻƽиļңиٰüɷ򣬿ϧû¡

ЦЦϵտ˯˫ӣŵ߳˷š



ɫܣĹ⻪ӭϣһĳѣڸɿݵĲݵС

˿ڶ֮ĺŷĸ첲󲽳Ժȥ

̧ȥϷʱƻͨſںվһź̫͹Ůҹˣæ

Ͳ̾һһңձ

ҿ첽߽ȥַߺ˸£˾䣺µˣô

ǰȥվ֣ɫƵ£ʼ⺬£бңЦʣ˯ˣ

š

Ӧ£˯ǰִһܣߺ˾䣬ϸȥѵŵæ׻㡣

˵ʱҴߵѸǰͷдǷ֣Ѱ˼Ÿͬ˵£Ů˽漰ƽѾͷᶼԸġ

ʲôءЦʡ

һع·ıͷˡ

æʸ̨ϡ

תӱĹóһķУ򿪣ͷȡһ͹ˮĻƤЦС˸ģ˵һѾԽ޾Խֻ࣬˵Ĵ棬ʹӴԴ򻢣ͷǼģ⣬ڴѡ˿õطƤ˸ϥͿ档

ҸǻƤЩӲëѾȥˣɼ⺢ˡ

ֻҽƤ׵ƲƲ졣

Сġ

šҵ죬ӽ̳һС鼫ƯĺƤЦСТģֺ޲ѰƤͨѩףëɫģʶֽ˸ѩ࣬ǿѰƤ֪ء

һǿƴСѩ࣬ڲӱ˱ȣӴСãæͷϣЦƤǲ̫СҿѾװգżϺõĺ챦ʯ׺м䣬ҪůˣϽĽͺ̫̫úø԰һҶӵТġ

ѽ㡣Цҡҡͷӽó𿪵ţҵݹصļ飬򡣡

˵⻰ͬʱԹԵشӺС¯ͭ˱裬Ų˿ڣЦңҪҲһݲһҪˮõĵȪȪˮϧ̫ԶÿÿҪһϴˮζ綼ˡǰò̾ӵڳɽ˴Ȫۣˮɿڣôݲ裬ҪԶԶʤ÷ռѩˮ

ʵүðաЦЦŻ⣬ɨļ飬ҲҪ£;ţŵĩβ˾ʫ--ϵ˿ɻʼɡ

үԼõİҶûߡ

ѵ·ϳ⣬öÿдһбصһʫľ䡢ĸʫˡô˳򣬸綼ˣסֻдһߵʫܻ⣬ɱԮȡ

ߵʱؽǰ˵£˼ˣСӳʲô⣬ӾĬµ֡

ⲻͷЩ⻵Сӵļоĩβʫˡ

һ⻹˵ã˽ڼگֱأǳ룬磬ֱպһȷû⣬Գ˼ŰǴ򷢻ȥ

ˣӵӣȫɽˮˣȥԡ£޶ȥǽġ㡱ʳȥˡ

ŵôһԸԹһֶ˵ռҳ棬ôˣΪν̾סƵĿڣǿЦ˵»ȥ塣

뵽ˣҲεҡͷһЦѩƤŻصбѣҲ̫СˣҪݵ޷ˡ

ô޷ˣ
ѽصظϣ֭һ֣˲Т˳£죬޷ˣ

У˭˵áЦǰæӸ֡

ͷӣָḧޱߵĻףһЦҾͶ˵һ䣬ϻǳûдǾʫ׽Ūƽôֲ࣬СϷ˵αͽأľнӵˣҾʲô

ʲôѵۣɫƽ˳αؽ޵ֳͷǣϻָʹɣҪλѺӵ¶һֱأ޾ǵ뾩ڳ׼ʰ

һЦ

˵ӣѱҸ

أҺȻ˽˺£ܺǸС˽ᣬ϶ʲôܵҵģƽ΢᲻Ҳܵмʲôˣ

粨ŴԶΪͨУžĿ±ʯߣȫޡ

ϳµĲ²⣬ݵǸŴܿǼٵģôҿɲΪŴ뵱û뿪

ˡƶˣȻηʲôŴ뻹б֮

ֻС˽ֶʵ˷ʤԪ

ã緢죬͡ȻزˣǱԪᱻ֣иʲôıʥҲδ֪

ǧ̻֮Ѩ¹ͼǰ̣κϸ΢Ҷܲ

ǡ

ͷѣһۣҺ󹬰һֱͷĴ̣ˣи߹٣ֻλǲñӡ

Щһֱ̫ãڲ污ɵײյǻʱʢˣʱʱ򣬲֪͸˯ˡ

֪·ӱȻˬ졣

ҪҽĽ䰲ȫȨȥ飿

ԥ䣬ѺȻбۿ´ңʣҪͬ˵ʲô𣿡

ұһæסĿڣЦûʲôһ°ˡ

ԡץסҵӣЦһʮˣ£޵۾㲻ǸСˣǻFF˵ûԼڲˣһֱͬ˵ʱʱػ£ἰ𣬵ôˣ

Сӣࡣҵͷָӣԥ

Ħҵĸ첲ʣʲôͿˣ





171.  ҹ   Ĳ

171--ҹ

Ҳ֪ô, ŮĲΪףҲĲ

ôˣ
, ս, ЦЩ꾮ˮˮӲ޸ǰ˵Ƿ, ǲʲô޷̵ĴˣйأǺйأ

ָֹҵı, Цô, ˵˽, ըˣĴ󵨵˵, ޱ֤, ޷ƢͶǸҷ

ȥģֲˡ

νҷ, 뷿ڵĲ˵ĶҲƤ, ЩСЩ, ֮һֱǳг, ǰһ, ˭֪, ˯оˣ
ǰֻ, ³, Сģͷ£˫, ͷֵˣǸѾͷ

ҺѹҪȴֲñ˴ġ

Υ˵Ҫѡɣʵ壬ϥºҲ̫ˡ
ЦУѡܵ顣

˵ҲûѡûԵŮˡ
ͷЦŰοң˵Ҳˣ㲻˰գٳֵǽ֮ҵĻЩһһѾˡ



ԥƬ̧̣ͷĿԣҲ㣬粨ʮּɵŴ˵ģŮĵﰲĸ̽עŴûг֣˵˼̫ʵٺҵĺӡ

綼֪

ЦһֱĬģ綼ϸ˵Щûõģֱ˵ص㡣

⡭

ҽŵֱշס֣˿ղǻҾͬĽȥ㣬׼ի˭֪յ̽ӵϢ˵ǡ˵ǡҹڳĹ˽ᡭ

ҵԽԽС˿ĭ˽ˣһ˺ӣӦһͷˣһɳĹͨͷܵ

ܣ
ɫ˲䣬ֱӴҵĻһӣ˼ȴЦºͣЩмӣôܡ

ҲǸмӡʣ˿ڣǸʵ۵ĺӣЩֲ֪ܵ£

֪㷴ӦҾͲ˵ˣ㰮Ųš

㣡
Ѻһϣʲô˵˫ֱĮضҵ˫ۣ·ҪҳϷŵĻ

ҴóĬ֤Լδ˵ѡ

ȻѺ޺޵ƺֱӽϵࡢлвյȫأӹع˼Ȧҽűͣ¡

ʢŭУš˼ָָҵ棬ƾյ˼£ص˦ӣʲôû˵

Һ󼹱һ󷢺˽̫࣬޵ʳѰǺܼɻµģô񡭡

ҧס´͵ȥ

к⣬΢΢ѾҪóˣڼ̡

̾˿߹ȥסĸ첲û뱻޵һѻӿ

ҼĦѵıæȰĸ̽ˣѹû¶

δ˵

Լ˫֣Ȼ͵شԼûһʹˣԭͷŪңأ̱ϣ㶵ضȱߵġӼעʱ򷭵Ĳյɫҳ͸ܿͽּȾ

ԭͨ죬۾ҲɵõɴѪ˿˲䱬ҪĴסȻף°ͼ΢

ѣû°ɣ
æߣס

Խһ仰˵Խǵġ

Ұ˵˵뷢𶼺ãš

ʲôû˵ƿҡ
ĸ첲ΡΡ̧ǱӼעָؿȥϵĲˮ˭֪죬ˮ綼С

ȻŵǿȻ³ͬ˪Ҷ㣬صһ

סңͷҵľѣ˻ƣЦ

Ϊĸײһ
ѵôױʳ޵ķڽݣԬؽݣ޸ķǽǹͷж壬ѵ
˲֪ܵ£׸Գ벻ʲľ˰

֪Ҳ档

ܶѶԬѵ꣬ҲܶΪ˺;ֱױѵʹ޺С

Ҹܶʧ̬йԵʡ
ʵϲ˵Ľʧܵģʮ𣬾øݺͲƲǶŮĹذˣǸʵ޴Ůô޵£Ϊף϶š

ֻѰ㿴ģͱʵ治һ

ұססӣصͺ𡢷й



ãȶ

ӲٲɫҲָ糣ɿҺãͷ֪ʲô

ֹã侲˵˵µǰ

תŴĴָϵĴָǸ˭֪ô

֪
̾˿ԭԭظ̽˵ҹڳĹۣŮǸ

˿ĭŵͷ֪΢ȥУҾͶ˸ۣȥˡųɺܴǰ峡ˣԼҵͷ͵ȥ˰ңĹ뷿˽ģӦǳĹһҰǸС˽ᡣ

С
ɻָͷҵϥͷ˵

С˽ˣǳйԱӣģѾףҡ

ҹ۲ѵɫСҹƺˣֶ˳ذѺ£˵ҪͬԺλ

֪ܣ
ѱǿ׷ߣ𽥱䣬ȭͷסбۿң㲻ز˽ô򵥰ա

ҵͷ֪ģ谶Щ곣ȥĹ΢ѾͷģҵĻ˵׼

˵׼Ŵ綼Ӵˡ
˵仰

ץס֣û̾һ΢Ѿͷ̼Ҫ

ң
ѷŭشҵĻһվ˫ֱⲽƺ˼ʲô


Ѹͷŵĺ

ɨǽ壬æֹţ̤С鲽ǰæסѵĸ첲ȰҪ尡

ƿüϸ˼Ƭ̣ѹּ˵дһ֣һ˽ݣֽʦָһ˶䣬һ¡

ѼתŰָţ˾÷޿ͣ˲Ĺ۷Բ˻΢Ķ򣬿Ƕ˭ûȥ⼸ձضۣʵˣߣҲҪ޽ǼڳǸʲôСҳֱɱ΢˾飬ݺݵظһӵûлؾˣȥּһҪͬ˵仰

֪¶ˣǴˣʱ˿Ҷһۺæ˳ȥˡ

Ҳ̫ˡ
ǰȥסѵĸ첲ȰֻѾͷƬӹˣҲҶǰȫº·˶أû˻˵

š
ɱ䡣
أЦͷңƣ۵ʣ˵ǲˣ

ΪʲôҪô˵
̧֣ḧޱߵ˿˿׷۲ѣ㲻ǳ˼ͷʮͷѣϹ˵ʲôء

ұͷᣬƨ.ɣǿЦų͵ģ˸ɲȵ

ѿЦץסҵ֣ԼĿڣٿ䣬ˡ

㲻ðοޣ޵ӣԼ

ѳ̾˿Ѿовʱ󹬡¾޵ƿ֮Уһҹ඼ۣʱĻ̫̫࣬꣬˵Ѿ߲ѡЩСƤӵ¸˽£޾Ȼˣˡ

˵ʲô
ְסĴ̹С˳ݡɨϵػ߲ҲиԸߣ겻Ҳż̫ӣЩһֱѡ;ܡ污Ұ˭ֻۣǽľڳ֮ϣ˲ЩǰˣˣҾˡ

һѽһס̾Щû޵ߣأ޻ôá

㻹˵
ˡ

úúã˵ˡ
ѿЦҵͷ


ĸʵ۲껪ȥ

ĸΪʵ˿峼ʷԼأ

ۼˣĻʮδһи

֮ұϾ·ѲƵһҹͷĲ̫ˡ

ʱ룬ЩϽǸλãҰߣȥ徲ƽӡ

ʮʱ֪ԼŮˣصȷһȥδġ



*

ҹȥͷѩСѩ䣬ܿڵ˱һ΢׵ı

ԼĪʱگҴ븮ڻʥ

Ҳδȥ˯Ϲ˼磬վڵľű󣬾￴

ʱֻѺּȥˣ̾ڸǰź

СѣΪ˾ӡ̫ࡣӡΪڹ֮ףᶽල˾һĲ̾ʵ˾һְƽʵӣҪ֣һЩҪ࣬㽻ɱ̫̾ӹȻСģΩǴӡ

յůͣ׽¯ȼС㣬ƺˣɢӽƱɵ͸ζ

Ѿϴ¹ˣڻƤϣ̲裬˼ںбʾ̾ӣȥ

˳ơ

վ±ߣʮȥ⺢Ҳ˰жҲΪĸ׵Եʣƫȷٷ磬üۺмƣ߱ףȲ˵Ҵǰѷâ¶崺ôǿԲ

ǼҴҸģͷͽЩʪ÷ϣСˮ飬ѹ̧ͷʵۣشӲ̾ӹ裬Сл͹ˡ

ȼůůӣա
䲻˵˾䡣

ǡ
üһ˫Ȳ£ͷԼµӰƣֽסյһСڡ

ôˡ
ѵ˵˾䡣

̿֡
ͷԽͳ͵͵ѡ

Ҳ̫нˡ
ѽŵĺ££°ͳԱ߰ŬŬ⼸ֲ㳢

ǡ
æյ£׼ȥõģ˭֪̫ţ򷭡

æȥæ֮£边ճһӡ

ǲ̾ЦǰԲӽʰ޺ã¸²裬۶Ц̫֣ū澸ˮ

áá
ЦҾţ͵͵Ӳ¶ϵ麹ꡣ

ֲϻʲô
Ӷ˸ĦűĻƤĻϲڲסܴܵĻͰ͵˰ƤӰ˰ӼͻΣ

䣬ƤëɫȻǼõġ

ûӵطУش֣޵ϧҲȥԣϡƤТ

ǵá
Ѳ˵ֱ꣬Ӵ˵Ǳܣû֣

ͨһ£˫ְڵϣͷ⵷ϲŮ֮飬ֻŴС֣żЩˮ̽˵仰ԡߣδԽذ벽





172.  ϶   밮

172--ٴ

Ŷ
Ƴ۹ڵϵ, ƤЦⲻЦ¡

Ӿսֱѣ˿ĭǡǡ
, ͵̧ͷ, æԼ⣺췢ģЩϹоز, ʵν׽Զﴫ, ⻵

ˡ
ѻ˻, ޲֮Ǽ, ޸, ǿ䡭޼ǵ, ˹֮ΪŮԺǿЩ΢÷, ˷財ڹﾲ˶ҲȬ, , ȥ㸮ա

, һ, תҡͷһЦ, ⹷ëַ, Ҫ·ˡ

ҽ￴

⻰, һ㶣ҪлȻת, ˼ֻæˣ˫ַأ߷ߵӹһ΢ֳͣ·ϸνϺв֮£ҵ΢ʴʣײ£³Ŀʺз財Ųƽϣ֪澲˼ڸģֹḡ˵롮ùݡۻ֣֮Ůӽá

㵹Т˳һ޵ϲΪס
ζһЦָ̧̧Ա̷Ĳ̾⣬æСǰ

Ҳؾн޽ͬлҳ
ѽǰһзǰ£ò̾øƷţյһСڣ䲻ʣ谶Թô

ȿȡ
зǺˣӲеĸ£Ȧˣ̾˿·ίƵģֲҷǿЦֵ֮ϹͷŽԹܣҵʱ˪֮ʲôᣬѪʢ嶯ЩҲܵίûʲôģֻ׸λ˹֮֮ȻڸŸӺǸ¾ʹ˷Ӻ綼ͺˡ

޲˵¡
ѴĻ

ε糺죬һʱ侹֪롣

ƼˣҲ˸ۡ
α̳ˣǷ˵ֵܺɹĨǵ׸ǰĲ£һһˣУȻʮǰòһǰ㣬Ǹܶһˡ

Ҽ￴

ʱòǷ͸ĲЦʣеʫ˳ߵɣ㽫ڹգѵûбԹ

סЦҲ湻ģԼҰġ

ȥ䤱֪ôشתǿЦż仰Ϊ˸ᵽϧӵģ볼ǳ⣬Ҳᵣǰա

˵ѣõӦ
ЦЦδ˵ʲô
˭ûղ֪Щνš

Ȼ˿裬бЦʣ꣬Ҳ꽡ˣ̫ӣӣ˵˵˭ʣ

Һһϣ⣬Ҳʹ

ʱ·Խˣܿл⣬æ£׳꣬ι˸п֮£򲻸ԡ

㲻ôš
סڣصؿװس˿Ҳûˣͬлҳ䣬պҪģһ뷨

⡭
ԥ㲻ˣ֧֧͡
ͷ£ƽЦºͣĸҳܲã봢֮λܴϻۣȵ˾֮࣬ĸҲ˵ʽ΢ʱԶٹأлϵշ˹ֶŮϼףܡ

ѣЦĸﴢƷʷѧ˾䰲ϣһָΪҪؽݴʷ˼ܴСɴѧʿĽǰԬ׸ͻҦΪʦܲĻԶˣ

š
ͷûаϲŭתŴĴָϵİָʣ岻

æЦʥ

ԼȲ
ָ棬Цʡ

ʵ޶ۡ
ͷƵԽˣϿҡ

Ҳ̫ԷƱˡ
ЦˣñȲ壻ۼһл֧֣һǳ֮ӣͷվλ߹س䳤ͣڿɽˣ

סæߵף˼

ʲô˼
ѵûŤͷŵĲ̾ӣȴָһֽϷʵȤ˵λ̫ǫ飬ƼûԼǱ飬ʦ׸׺үүЩޡؾύĹ佫ø

˵ͷڻƤϣЦӰ治ĽˣĲܲǣұɽҲͦӲ

ŵͷҵأ֣̿졣

ˣлҳֹֿɡ
Ѱ
óֻСѰϵ໨ͷƿǰ޼ͷź÷ʮƽϸΪһС˪ĻˮСԴףҰ͵ҲԸ˪ˣЩѾͷź㣿


ɫԽҰףæ£ûҽӴ߰ʲôϸ

ô˼Ԫ㣿
һ÷նϣ÷֦䣬ɢһ档

ɫԽָͷѹ÷꣬üĸݺԪޣɴδǹĸûаѳתƵϣǼˣﰵ¶Ϊ˱ӣԪʮίסڹ⣬ΪĳײΣίҲ˵֡

ҲǳЦֽڷڶǳޱȡ

ѡ̲ųΪѡ
˼̫մͷ磬˵õĲãķкͶԳӵ֮ġ
ôãʲô˵Լȥȥ˼ȥΣһĳŤתҺͶϣô͵ίҲᶯݷֺˡ

һʱĸµ㲻ʲôҪǣЦǸ˲Ӯҡ

ҽ￴

ղ£ֻʵɫԣͨһ¡
Ǵˣ֪˵棬ΪԼ⣬ֻǡίᣬܼ֮

˽԰˪µɡЦȴôΪ

ȣӲԼָͷϵ÷֭ӣЦѣ֪ô谶˪˸ˣԪ̫游;˸İţʵʵź꣬ճޱ㽫عԸ˭޵Ƥӵ£屻Ԫ˶

أʱͷ󺹣Ԫ֮²޶֤Ϊܵôӹʮǰˡ

ǰ޶֤
ѽϣ˫ΣסЦסڹ⣬ҹҹദǻˮС澽ոҴ⣬վ͸ҿˣ

ҡҡ
ŵͷҵأȻ˿ǻ

ң
˫ֱƵߵǰվӸµؿ谣˶ر裬סۣ˵ƫСӣ˴ί޿үֶúģһߵúǷֿѰģԬͺ·վָǰ²Ա۴£ʿдʫһʱУ󾹹Ю޴壡

˵Ѿһ֣صسһ⣬ʱͰڵء

æѽűߡ

£ԩ
ס췢ʹĲץסѵӣеԼ⣺׸ͺ۳վ˵˼仰ڷܣ治ǳⰡ

ӶؽӴקߣִһ⡣

ʲô˵ر⣬ֻǶЦëˡҿˣ˼ĮشӣޱС٣ȷƲ㣬ûڱţ¾ĵɹٴЩδܶùĺֺݣ޶£ס谶㵽޵ĳӣһѰ·ͷȥɡ

ʱס޶ˣŵѣɫɷףʣô

˵Ȼϵʱð΢΢鴤Ҿҵؿԣ˵һأʮֺˡ

̣˵ٷ
ѲδᣬЦ
Ӱ϶Ǳ˵Ĳ裬˿ڣĮ̾ӣּ˽ɳţпޣͼ죬ŷԹ֮ԣ鴢֮£ֵܣţΪķΪٴЯСǰƽگ÷

ּһ£Ҳˡ

ʱҽŵÿڸæ￴ȥ

ӦٴˣϺѪɫ̱ڵϣŵǰߴľʹԹޣһֶ˵Ȼ˿Ѫ

أûң΢΢ǣƿЦҡҡλεعã˸ͷ
ּл

˵⻰ĨȥߵĲѪײײվͷ£ʵͻؼңʰϸձ뿪

Ҳ
˫ۻס뿪Ҳ١ƽǸõطشݺݽ֮أ볤Ҳķ֪˿ڶ࣬󣬵ʱٺ»㣬Ҳ㡣

ˣ΢Цҡҡͷ
谵뿪ʲô˼Ϊ谹ǽııӣ
Ѱѷѡƽʲô˼·̫Զ͢޳ĪƲˣ
谷ٺ»ʲô˼ǲصĲơȨ˵ǿտһССȨûС

ҳ˿￴

谴ʱؽҧ԰׵ֽһ㣬۾öѪˣǿлл¶䡣

ˣȥɡ
ѲͷĻӻ֡

ǡ
谱סˡ

ȵȡ
ѺȻڣס谡
ɨ۳ӣƵ֮ǰѾú˪Ǽ澣𲶾մ״ߣԳѼ





173.  С   ò˰

173--С

ڴĺҹ, ɼ谱̧˿˵ҹѺһԲ, ܾκ, ǳ㶵վͷ·Ƕһؿݺɴᣬ, һȦ

谱˪Ϣܿɢ˾ǣͷִ, 鴦һպܵ²Ա, ʵԹƻ֮, ն˼Ļ, λԱ

ؼվ룬ŵ̫, ˭

һʱڹĿ־嵱ڣΣæƲٴĹϵ

۵Ǳߡ

СӸͻؼ, ϱڱĽչ
˵ǵǴźȥ̽ٹɪʹ, ȥСӯס, ʷϱݵľƸ¡

ָʹ, л˻ΪŹͯ, ʿ, ΪĻš

ʮǰҳ˵ʱ, ΪԼͶ·, ؽƲתƳȥ뷨ҾཿԶӪǮׯ¥ȸ, ·ǳɹ۵ʲ

ЩǮó

ʱнһ̽վкѣѽžȥݣ֮ʿסӣЭطԱ֯͡

ҪЩ£Ӻٲ˵ģ߿϶ûһ֣Ҳ

綼֪ͨݸǮׯ̵ƹ֧ȡϵӡ

˾٣ȻӮ˾еͯĽ飬ļЩʿŹ£齨֧Сӡ
СӼеظ֧ѪһȡΪ˫ӪζЧҴС硣

ҲʱԽ־ֿʼװɺˣڱ߾ȶţͲ

СŴ£͵͵ĸʿɱ˹ȥȥĳнʹӵ֪ŵøæ׷ȥٹҲæǲʱ̱İȫ

֮ǰѾͶ˵Сĺֺݡ
ѪսգСӽǻԽ˻ȥ˫ٶǩսԼάȶͱ߹ذ

ʱͯˡ
⺢ڱ꣬ڰԳԵÿ˻Ｆ֮ͽԽɢ¡ܵеĴԣͬʱڱߵؿڶഫʣ߾ȫӪ

дŻѻɫս֮¡

Ѻĵؿţ˵ֻ˵С⣬һް˿

߳𣺡ѵ޽ˣҪʮëսɱȥ˾УǱѧѧͳսĪҪٳ嶯ǰ塣
ĩˣʵү˾䣺ʲô˫Ӫ߯ˣĳӪա

֪ﻹǺܸģÿռҶҪļ飬ָͷĦŶӵּض˵ޡ

ô˵أ
ļʿŹһ£ʵеġ

ʵͬ⣬齨ӪҲٹе˵ЭӮ

ǻʵ۲ͬ⣬ô˷ģҪѹġ

Դߺҵÿնϰ£֪СӾսҸҹ꣬ҹƵجΣʵǣҵòУĹԱƽƽ

ÿضЦң˵Ҳ̫ˡ
ÿԱػʱ͵͵

˭գ

ʵҶ飬·
꣬Ǹóȥ棬Ӵɫ.ɫˣһֱڳǲûϢ



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΢Ĺ뷿˽˼浽ҶӵƽұȡʩˣԣҾ¸ѡûͬ˵ʵеʱְĸ˵̥ҩ

󣬴ϲֻǻù̥𶯡

ظ󣬹Ȼ
˸ջûһϾͼˣŵҪæҪƣ»е°¶ǳ˵ˣʲôСֵģͽ˳ȥ

ţ˸Ͻ롢Ѭæ˴ҹǽӸסˣҲŲˣʵʵڴ̥

ܹ֮ͺá
Ǻʵ˴첻³ЩѪ澭ҩţͰͶʳȥ̽ӣ⣬˸Ÿ

ڣѵּˣ̴ֻǰݣѰ䡣
˵ӣɵײҿֻּܸϽʰϸҴҸϸݡ

ԬǰŸߣּž͵˹ĸ

Ǵҩ־ȥ

֮Ī֮ĪǴ˵ԹʵۣмԴģ

ʳ˵ҩʱ̥Сˡ̫Ƶ˵̥

ʵ׺˭̫ƵǽаתƵϡκԬвڼңѰ˸ͷǰźѾͷӻһٰӡʮӣŽ

ǼգǡѱΪʱ
Ÿ类ʵ𷣱˼ܳ裬綼˸ݹʱǧȥ飬Ҳ˸ǰ˵ʲôԹĻ˱µùͷֶүӲá

ٴҲеˣѹұֳ̥ļÿռǿͻκЩӣԽƣڰ಻סȥ˳Ĺۣұ΢˵˳ĸȥѰ

ɾ䵽ѵ
˾ŮΧ˵ۣ÷¹ūͣ΢˶æܵ룬κλûüץ

νСȻ÷奵Ӹ

󾭻÷鿴ԭ΢Ĺ뷿а˸ңǰأ򲻿ڵص£˸ޱȵĹ뷿βԡͰӦоУЩϴ͵ģ¹ذڷŮЬ࣬ϻһ˼ʫ

Ҹǰ˸Ѽʮɣǵ۸һͨũԺӡ

ʱץ˶ˡ

ͼȣǿ˻÷һƣ÷ͷ򣬲˳ĹۣеһеԻȥ½͡

÷±÷ĲЦЦֻ˵˾䣺˾ֱЧµģȨ泼참

˵⻰÷жˣ΢һѺȥ˸˾
빬У͹Ůϼӿܣ̤һŹĸ֡ūͣĹڵãȫ

Ԭңڹٹȥֻ˵֣ͻײ빬̼ȥˣʱ޹Уؼˡ

漰λسȫһ˿綼͸ȥ

̿һϲ֪ԭǰ̥֮󣬽žͳŮ£˶˫.飬˵.鶹
־֮ϸ棬ʵ̫̣ҲӲˣǺݺݺǳջعһʹ͡

ﷳ֮£վȥĹұ˵ƣûߵ·һײˡ

׺պյ߳ǵĳֱҪȥˣðĳæǰǸ

û£˸Ͻ񣬳ж䣬͸ɴۣ˭֪Ƽʵṫӣûסƿֿۣǡ빫Ŀԡ

һֱһȣ΢Ц

һЦ߽˹

ûգյһ񣬺һ̵ֻܣһǸţԴǿе˵ãأûײ˹ˣдĪҪƽϡ

÷

һͷֹסˣ˽ĵصͳ⡣

˶ӣҸű鲼Եĵط϶ʣ΢ʱ飬ĪڳĹ޸ңƽ˴˳˭ҲòסʲôѱҲ㡣

˵ɾ͸ɣɹʣҹھܵ귽ɡ



ԭһҵ͵֪⵨СӾҵ÷֮ӡ

ҹͽ÷ǰ

÷奵֪֣ǴˣͨСĹǸҲҪģӺ͹˽С¾СȥżȥĹۣǲʲôˣıʲô£Ҫ

ǰ±谣벻ǿô򵥡

÷奴һ·ͷҵأʹ˵ԼӲƣͿ˱µӢæӷֱٰԼģ˵治öӺ͹ΪԼ⣬˵Ϻһаģ綼ϣٴݲٴ׽ֻԱһҳϣжġ

ַ÷奣˵֪ĺΪˣѺȥúһʣһܰա

֮ˣ÷ȥʴöӡ

һ÷ҸʱҲǸĺӡ
˷Ѻ÷˵ʱҶСűԿۣԹԸһģľžޣòʱҪãߴʣò˰ΣȷʵҪǿٱ

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˾չĸֻ֪˽ᣬûԵʲô֮ˡ

÷̿΢ѾͷҲйԼȨƣֺֻܿ˳ӹȡЩôһɣ⡣

÷ٴй֮ף
Ѿͷ̹ϣ˵УȥУүη£ѹҸ֣˴̥ҩĿڸ̫ղغñ֡

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΢ʸڷϣ˵綼ˣԬ׸үĶʦүЩ÷ԬҪã֪˽ˣǸ˻÷ӣ綼ֹܽȵա

ʮȥ΢һϢɲôʣǷ˵ǡ

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÷ֻϹӽҲΪײֻܸԼһǰ̣µҲ޷

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˵÷ǸƴĦĵСˣ֪ҺìܣΪֺҺѣЩһֱѸڲأöӸĸܲʣǸףҲֻɹܼȥ˷񣬷Ը²д顣

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ѧõ󣬴Ħգˡָо÷ݹϺ£Чȡ

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ȥ̫̫밲ʱҲܲӡ

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һҲ˵˴崲ϵõ㣬ıƻ͹ԼӵˣӦЩӻ뷨ӣı¡

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ԣλԺƵ÷ɵϣһ£˳һȣҰѶ˸ˣžͰ˻ԵĶӰ̧Ѹǰµ˵´ϡ

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÷奾˽˵ĳһͳȥʲôط˭֪

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ͨһµģɱźĹ˴߽Է߽

΢ֻҪͽ

Թ֮·඼Ѫܵģѵλ̫ӹˣ֮Ҳˡ

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174.     

174--

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¾ûв͸ǽ

ĳλߵĽǹܾûгڸźϯϣȻҲ˼Զ, ߯ϡˡ

Ҳ֪ʲôʱʼ, ԼԼ׵ҥԡ

Ƽھ¥.ŮഫԬʱס̾, ·Ų¡

ǡʲôǵԬ˳

ԭ֧ǹʱиطǣиԣʵԱ, ӱһƯй, ĺ, Աⱻڹ, ֺǺǵؽֵԼĶӣ˾Ϳ, ǵ˼Ц

ϸĶɵָ˽˱˽ǣʾ͵˵ŮǹԱġԱ롰Ԭͬ, ɲָԬ

һʱ䣬˷׷ײ²λ׾˭, ˵Ǹ, ѲǴ˴θϿľˣ

Щ춾, ŹͳĹλߵý, ֮ǰٴһˮСʱ, ѺȥԸÿͷ衭谺͵Ĳɲ, үϲŮġ

Ĺ, Ѳʲôأ
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Խ˵Խ, ˵ԬûЦѸմŭȥ飬˭ڴʼҵ㻰

Ľզ࣬ԭס΢ױ׫ոļ.Ůչؽ𣬺ֶߵҥԷ·Ҳɢġ

ʢŭѣø˾΢ᵽǰʡ

΢ʹˣûԭ򣬾ðˣⱲҲˣǰһһ

ҲԸͰ籡



ڣҲ֡

𱻸˾ץ͹

˼ǻʵΨһĹŮܵίͰ͹ˣĹ˹һȥҪʥ顣
û磬žͿʼɱһ˵ԼСѪһ棬һӻײǽϵ˵Ҫ

ɽԤϵһδ̤͹֣

𱻹գ֪ɺͱΣһ֣͹¿ߣԼ˵ÿˣС׺׶Ϊ˴ǰ̣ǿJԬңҲźúùӣ˵һȥ׼Ů룬Ů¸ɵҶԸ⡣

֣Խ˵Խ壬æסȰ˵ʲôй˵檵ģ֪⺢ӱԴƣԭֺͿµģżǸѾͷջ㡣˽´÷ݺ΢ִæ֧˳ȥĿľǽ°ȥպ˭ᣬǺޡ

һɺͱ㣬ò㱳Ժޣ治ָ̫̣ѾһҲ㣬ɱԸװŮҲɱ˰գ϶Ůõ˶ˣŮҲԸˡ

֣æȥȰ÷ɴӳϳȥˣȥĶ˭֪㣬ţڻδأٺ˵˵ָʹ㣬ǼǻĹµǵ

ĩˣ֣÷ݵĹó𿴣ĵ㿴÷СӴһʼͶ㲻ģıȡλͽأƭġ

һ˺˹ʣסӣ޵УʲôҪɱǺ壬Ҳˣֻûӱס

֣Ҳûӡ
˷ףܽͨǸֻɵٷʮĭá

֣ʵûˣϱѡ

ЦȻڤ粻飬Ǿ͸Ԭˣܹ˵߲ʳһֱ͹ʡա

һʼõֻǰһ䣬ҪôջЩʹͣ¾͹ƪˡ

졢졭һ¡¶ȥˣһζûף֪津˻ʵۣҪǣ׸͹˵ȫĻˣŶʮͷѲҪĸ׺ͱĺ󳾣

ڶˣҪɺͱ㣬ָϣֻˡ

ͨٺرԹʼҹԺͷϴдʮҳĳ飬ŮǸµȥ

ѹᷳػ˻֣͹˲Ҫǰһе˵

ʵҾãûҸҩҲû΢ŷСʹԬҲ϶綼ӵĲԾʹˣҲʢķԷˡ

³Ԭڴӽݻˣûϰȥ̽زġӣҲûеȥʲôԣ쵽ڼսѻһͷһ룬˶ˣŶʮˣžȻ껹

¶ǳģˣҲζ

Ϊ˰ֲԬУӾΣ

ãͬʵʵ˵ԬиһȳжҲ˲ɻҲˣ˽Թò죬ԵĲᣬ˵ã˵ĺӲ֣Ľź֮ɫŨ໥ĥһӣĪգþۺɢ

֮Уûͬ⣬ӻС˵˭ʱûأȷֿ侲侲ӻܹȥ

ǿӲɻǸ

еʱѴ˸ģѧ԰μĹ衣
귽ʮߣǼеŮ˸ССͨУ˵ϵԶף𲻸ҲҲСڹٳ档

պŴͻʥּͼױһ鵽ߴ辡·һССŮܵñµۣ׸ŵڣȫҵ٣֪ôؿ޿䡣

ָ⿪̧踸Ϊ١

ãͷ糾͵ظϵ˳ݼѺ󣬻ҹ̧ԬΪ檣ظ˸ھ֣ΪŮ̧ݡ

һʮ꣬Ǻ˽ġ
û´ʵѾù˼Ժϲһˣеˡ

Ǹˣ֪ҽٳ͸͸ͼ壬Եɵġ

Ҳ֮Ľ̷ûãĲкͻδԲȤò࣬ĦڵʫֶϲŪݣǴһʼĿĮ𽥿ʼ̸˵أյ¶ǣư֮¾Բˡ

µ׵ʱЯ밲л

Һδǣ˽к͸ɫ䱦ȥˡ

Ԭߵʱ͵ͬ˵˾仰Ԫذģѱպ󶨻ἫȰԶٴﶢλһһЧ

֮ǰҾ֪·谵ɿۣ򿳲ϵģԬ׸ֻұۣһġ

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ҵѻϤĽڣҳ˿ظжйʵǰаĸ׵ʱѻʵͷԲ̫ټҹް˵ĵܣɲ˵»ߥ޽ġ

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ʢŭǿиڻۼ⺢ӵʱɵˣǹʮ꣬Ҷ࿴һۡ

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175.  ִ   ɼ

175--ִ

谵, ǷҪĶᴢҰ⣬ʲô޷Ŵˡ

ò˵΢Ǹͨ͸Ůˡ

, ʮǰŴϵϵȫƲ, ѣʼһͷĽͳ裻

, ʱʱ̿谷ˣϾڴλȷǰ, һ, пȫ̽䡣

, ΢ἰ谵, ȷҶġ

ȥ˾һۣȥ⡣

ѳĬ, бڹϣĦҵıЦ˵ô, ʵ治õǣǸΨһָ谶, С, ¾ܶ, 谶Ҳᾡȥƽͷ, ޱȨ, Ŵͨı, Ҳû, ҷſİգ޾ʱ̫֮͵֮һء

ô

ߣͬʵʵҸ߼Һż˽ʮĶԹ, ӮӮṇ̀΢һסһ̣ңԲһΡ

ǵЦЦصس̾˿ŮɺޣȴҲֵַشڳĹ޹ͻǰǰɣﻹкޣޡ谶ãŵġ˰ˣȥǱû÷Űա



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ôˣ
ѻЦʡ

Ҹʱ򣬿ɲ͸һ飿
򴽣ɬһЦѧСʱĿڳԣ㡢˵СССʱû͵͵ϲң

ϲޣͰͶظɰ
ѹѶչЦ˵ĳЩ˴СͲģרŹ.ޡ

üһĳЩ˲ɧܹö

㻹Ƿʰ
׺״һʹҵ⣬ұŪҡš㲻ֻҧ

һ˵˻ӻȥ˯ϴ¡

Ҫȥ˾Ҳδ˼ɫ֦Ƶ£˽ﲽҡ˵ױֺȸ˳ˡ

ѷĲңú̷˾أСҲʲôֵ÷˼ˣվվ뿪Īûײˡ



*

ҡҷ峿ĳѹϴˢʯأ֨ѽѽ졣

Ůȡ

ƿ⿴Щ壬ҹеС̯˯ʰûľѺͱΣũʻҴҵ˻ȥ

ԶһʳðŴ׵ͷڵİӣ⽣Ҩʮֻͣ˸ֵķؤ

㱼䣬ҷ·ص˸Ǹ峿

Һѳھ¥˹ϵ峿̯ϳ⽣ʮȥһǵóݼռǷݶе㣬ıóʱ̣ʼ㡣

ʱ룬΢͵̫ˡ

ֻϧ谲ҵ

ҵүһү㣬ùһ·񱼻سĹۣ¡

ڴʱͣˡ

ȸͷҲŽŵʣ

ǰȥʱһس·ϣûֵ³ţϮһѩ׷¡

·źܸɾ綼ɨˡ

ǰߵΡǱ˾æУһˣѻȸȫڻرܣ
ǰұǸ˾˾ҪСˣֻǸĴլԺվŶʮӢˬŮ崺ˣæ

˾ٻ÷ҴϽ޳Ƕķ紵ɹȾ˷˪۽ЩƣģĿϬŰѰ崺ϥ¹˫ֱȭҼ

÷Ԫ򰲡

Ҫ÷Ȼ崺ס
ϵֻƽᣬͷһ۰С飬ǵҺѴ͸ӵģڻ÷ĵϣ

ҳʱ򣬺æǰЦңƴڸء

˰ѻ÷ʣ˴ûŻƴ˰ա

÷󣬹˳ظҺͷЦ˾ǳĲ£¾ѾﷸһתƵ˾һڴ˴ŮǳĸڷϽ⴫֡

£ġ
΢Цŵͷ
ǰţȻƼʲô⣬һǽذ׻Ķϸѹ
֮£߹ȥۣȻ־ֻ˵ָָϴָֻѾʼãڵƵ֬ȥָɼ

÷ۼֿ죬ǸָڳŤͷߵŮһӾȹȥͽŮıѪˡ
÷۵Ķضɨɾ￴ۻȥʮӣ

ްް
æڰ֣ǿЦ˾֮أֶֻܼǱ˿֮ƴҲ֮

ѵ÷æ

ڴʱҸеθһ󷭹ֱϳ壬ûסַסŻֺȸ˸Ͻ̷й˼æеĶԺС

¡
Ұڰ֣ǱС֣˭֪ӺȻоһѪæסͷ𣬴ӹӣסӲãŪ˺һŰѪֹסˡ

ˣһ¶࣬ǵҪȥ˰գ˾˼֮أūʵڵӡ

û¶ġ
ҳҡͷЦЦӹ¶¿ڣױݣ̧˾ȥָСεǾĻµ޼ˣµġ

ϣɵúġ
÷ƾɨµ棬·Ҫȥʲôаū¿֪岻ô

á
һЦ⼸ձ¶Ūòˣû¶Ҷ̫ҽƣѰʵʱͬȱʡǡ

ʵҲûеʲô
Сʹұ̫ҽԺԺжٹˣ¡֮ǰѸ˵øʲôƵģǴ£ҹȺ˳׼һСΣ˭֪ˡ
ĵģ̫ҽź֡ȸĸһ֣ô̥˵𣬾˵ҾɲԸвʡ

ҼŵǣͷЦˣǱţ˵СľͷѾʰңձ㶯µ׾ܻˣСҰܣ¶ɹ˺ںˡ

˼ʹȰڲסЦֻҪƽͺá

ʱ۽ǺˣָͷȥᣬЦʮ궼ū棬ͷҲ֪ǰ̷ûиǳӵʱҲ֪ûаʱԹͷ

ûдǰߴ٣ʣ϶ˡ
ҡͷЦЦһ£Ťͷʺˣ˵Ͳ̾ӷ·ִɶô˳ˣᶥײ㣿

ЦսѹֻūС꣬ū澿򵱲˵ĸүūǰŪǷǣ̾Ǳ̫࣬ñ³谮볯ߵĽ⵹ˣŪȨū֤ϱ£ֻūʵڿԴӡȥСľͷлһ䣬˵ѧҴǿͨ͸ÿ̾ˣ˴ѧｫ赽˵ӣȥѰһȥ

ɫԽã˿ڣҼҴôѰһģһģܹ̾ɽƳһ鼸ļ赣ͻѧ񣬽ĸϡ
ͷѧ˽ҵūøū£Ǹĺүǣ˵ϲ֮˽滻ĳ£߶͵תһ赣͸ҲûʲôģҪߵļа

˵˦ӣŵͬū˵̾ӵȨƺūͥǽ¸£̾ӴɰƸ³аˣ۸䲻ʲôöūܶ̾ӣԼŻ

ҳһ£

ͷ֮ūͿʼò̾Ӻ˽ֺ

üͷ
̾ЩҺѿν̷Ǹĵū澣ֻû뵽¡

˺˵ײһǵ֮ǰ˸ҺסֵͻҲдһݣֻƴС

ʵֵʲôӣɺȴûҽӣһԷ˽͵һ⣬˵Ǹͼū澣źүգ̰ͼʲôͣүջ

ҳ̾˿ͷ񣬻ӻ֣øŵĹ˺ͻ÷ԶЩԵͷεΪã˵б𣬿ɱĸӾ˹Ķ顣

ɷūˡ
۾ˣȭͷ߬סūʱʱ̿ǣСľͷԸǿϡ
ûн仰˵Ц̾һζӪУʧū澵ķִ磬ģūüаСүġ




176.  ΢   

176--΢

˾ʮ, ǰ׷֣Ů֣ģɢ, ܱ˾Ͻ, ʵֱƿء

Ҫ췸Ů졢и˵ԡ.ɱ˵ȰһЩ޷ᵽϵ, Ʃϸ֯ɱ

ٲ䶼ŮӣɶС˵һĺݽǶ, , Ѽν, ǰҪ֡

һŻ÷, ӳţһ䳡, Ժ÷׮ǹĿڶǴص֮رء

һ, Ǹ˾

ڵϣҾ, ˵ص¡

ıʯ, ʯͷｽˮ, ÿһξյ͵, ʯƺˮϴ˺ü, ǳǳһ㱡ˮ, з·𻹷ٹ㡣

Խ߾Խɲ, Ҳɵô˴귢ĸ첲еĹȼ̿衣

ηڵסǰͷŮסػ, ڵϣ̶ž.ž·ϲа

ͷһ䲻Сηûдֻڵ˿ľ壬ľϲŸŮˣ΢

ѾƲģˣͷ缦ѣ˿Ѫͷɿ飬ϣۺףѪ˿Ҫۿбϼûһ⣬洦ɼֺͽŵָ׶ιˣͻͻģʮֺˡ

ԶżʺɧѪ

סӿ̲סŻ
ʱ̫æķΰŮҲ¯ɢζ

΢ˣӶ£ҿ·Ƶģס˫ۣŬҪ

˰
΢ɳǿԼ£·Ѿˡ
ؿʯǽϣȷֿ˽֮һࡣȫȻˣպ˵ˮһһµزԼ

ҡ˵㡭΢̧ңһʱ侹ˣˮ
ֿ̱˶òòҡܲˣˡ

ݸҲ

΢ȦԼˣӵץޱ˫ϣסŮ߳ܵĵطͷЦ㡢ڳ𣿡

ҡҡͷƸƸʮ࣬ޢͷ³ǰƫΪ˾ȸƴ̲÷奣գۼʮȥˣ㳤ˡ

΢ضңĨȥµѪǸĨɭɭаЦӮˡ

ߵ⻰׷׺

󵨣ֱ䣡
죬澵죡

ֹ̧֣ס̵ļɫŻ㳤轻ãǲͻҹùðա

ߡ΢˸ۣЦȦܣĿԼѪģָͷϡ
Ƿˮתģʮǰ߼ҸҲֱҹ谵衭ٺ١

΢·Щ־壬ĦԼϵ˺ۣȻָͷ֮شȥʮֲ̬֮Цľ¿ҾҹǻӹĸɻţûֱǲǺźûϵҲżŮҰɣ˾ڲǱ˾ȥм˹Ұɣһֱֵҿ°ĭܣѽ

˵棬΢Һ

裬û
֣Ůǽ׼õĶý̧Ǳģԡ衢ֽ¶Ƕ㣬иɫΡ

ƼЩŮͶ΢ȻЩ֪룬ʶø첲Լؿڣصңʲô

Ҳδش
е̫£ԸŮǿԿʼˡ
ʱŮһһҷס΢ţҽŮ򵥵ϴ΢ϵˣš˸ֽذŮϵѪۣͬʱҸʼϴͷᷢ

ź΢öǶԺжٱҩǰϽӺѾʵұۣŰĨֹʹ˵ҩ࣬ιҩ

㡢㵽Ҫʲô
΢һѻӿҩŭ

ƽȵϣӹֵıѣ˼ڣƽѾͷ֪֪Ҫ㣿

ߡ
΢ӱǿ׷м

ҡͷЦЦֱӴʵͱ¶谵ܲûжȤǿһ¿࣬ǰһԸǼһ棬ұӦ㡣

´ǰȥʱŮź΢ᷢ١Ρ¡ױκϵʵ̫أٺ֬۶ڸǲס

϶ãһὫĺʮٱϣǵᣬ㣬ʵûʲôԹ
ҵһЦӿϹᣬ̾ҺһⱲӴδ¡⺢ӿڵʮ꣬Ҳ㣬ߵʱشϻؼ£Ҳ쳾һ⡣

΢ɵضң·û㡣
ƽһҩ¶ǣҲָ
ûãŮǾͰױˣڷơȣˣҲϡƳǸˡ

ҲʱκȻþĵģһ˵

߳ѣһװ΢ڶ棬Ĭ

ȥɡ
޹ؽҪŮ˳ȥݸ֣ӹ裬¿ڣŮʣɻϲҸķϼ


΢ûдȹӣ׵ָͷḧͷýĵһЦб۵ɹЩССûõģңһǾ仰
΢ЦţҡͷһһģҵʮǰˣˣûҲûм

һʧ䣬ûнֳЦЩ㱻ǲ֪ʹܣΪٴͬʱһõĹԱ⣬ǰƽͷطϵľȨ

ҵ˼ף谣¶Qˡ

ô
΢·𲢲ɵֻǱȹϵʹ΢΢ҡΣŲ֪ͯҥ

ҳ̾˿εͬ˵谣żˡһȥùѰ֣.˰ɷ򣬸ˡ衢üʮʧȥĸ˫ףô¿һˣʵи㡢㣬һңٴƢҲδѾͷ㾿Ϊ˼ϲǵϲأ

ôùأ΢ȻˣΪ˸ϲʵۣǵϲ

һЦ⻰Ϭ

ҲδֱӻشָСݸǳЦ˫ʱѪΣ˵ûˣԺҵ֣һеôҵĻǺȻͻˣ᲻ѽ

΢ͷδ˵
Ȼӿ˳һſŵȹϣʪһƬ

ֲã㶼ʮôò
΢ָͷȥᣬҩͷ´ңЦû˱Һ͹ùøһٻ֮Թһپ١һҵά壬ôͽס谣ôù㼴ʵۣûǸˣļĶܷ

ôأ
ڴЦʣӣҪ֪ģ²δϸϾɱڿ˵άҪά˭Ǵѹʵۡıϵϵүү֣֪ˡִ磬ѵòãֶѵûͨƾٵģһùŴ񰲷ؼӾ׼Ϊǣ֮ףҲˣǣԸԸٵӣȥͽһ谣ȥϵϵ

ҡ
΢ᣬƺҪ硣

û˵ĻᣬЦ˵ϣ˵˵谡
ҷ·٣ݸгһӽţһŮˣԽϣôԱȵùһŮôѾͷЩĴõˣǸ˺֪ô񱻱¹͹ǵ˾أ㱧ƽأŲ׸أʮ꣬㲻Ųʡ

΢ɫȻȻ˸ۣһν̬ȣмǸԸģûЦ
˵΢ǰ̽ңĿƵ֪ôùãľ̫ЦˣʮұڳĹۣһķ죬ûµʱҾͿʼĥĥҵĥʵۡĥ㡭

΢ùͺͺֱָҷְ˶ǼٵġҵżߣТӣĴ󳼣ྴʵأɱ˽СϷһ䣻ʵأҲżߣ˲ƤҰ򡣡

ѾͷȻúܼںظһһ͢ķָȥǸԴγõӣҰɷҰɷ򣡱ʺۣʵ˭ûݣأ

Цʣأ

΢ƲƲ죺ˣҲ뽲Ļ

ҡͷЦЦŤͷʾ֣һЩġţңܺÿ˻㳢

ˡ
΢˿ĭָԼĲ˼Բ

ʱǱ˴˳Ĭ
¯İٲ㾲طգҰ׵̴οյɢ

̫߶ıȸȥһ̺ϡ̧ȥ΢ͷȷź˺ܶ࣬ŻŸսӺõұۣ䣬ϵ֮鱦ö

ùá΢ͷǽϣèϸ֪ͻʵһôо

룬˼Ʈصʮǰ

ʱ򾭳ܣʱҳߣһһ޵ؿޣҲ

΢ȻһЦҲҸա

ݸأҲӷǶ˫ӣһ飬ѧÿ˴齣Ļɰһ˽ػӣԴȥʲôħ꣬ûӡʱСֺģһ˹ˮźݽţ紷һƤطҪһ˯

˵˵ţ֣̿΢ָͷϴŵĴָЦҴͻģȻ죬ﵽ׼ǹҺɸؾһŻƤѩࡢָķıû

á
΢ﾡùݣҲСʩˣüҲעʱ͵͵ңأ˰ˣϸѺӳѡһﵽĴһ˫ֶһҾͲԼˣһŮˣ̬غأʱΪֺȥѰ̼

һʱ䣬ٴĬ
ЦЦžˣε̾˿

ڴʱһŵĺĿ΢˸Цʱˣȥ£Ҫ磬ȥӼҵĵմץأСϡ
Ŀ΢ҡͷ̾⺢ڻѻ̫ﵱԸ棬ôȥûѧ˵滰ûʲôܣȫſںߵģѾˣҲʱ·ˡ

⻰΢ûȣȻ̱ƴȫǼУ״Ԫҡ롭

ҹǳЦ󱾹һ·




177.  ҹ   

177-- ҹ

˵仰ʱ, ҹע΢ϸ顣
ЩִٲʼңƺҪ۲ҵ׻᲻Ӧ, , ˿ĭڵǰӲ, ֱӷʣ

ùûӦô

Ҳɵô˸, ȸƼ, æȥȡ˼, Ҵϡ

, ΢Цſ΢ָͷѾͷ, ùøսʱٶ

΢תŲ, ȼѵز£˶ع, ˳֮

ЦЦ, ŵ˵, ѰŮ䵽ľ, Ҳɵ, ָױι, ȴʹպˮ, Լݡ

ҿŮ棺ͬʱȴݵس˫ȣܻù̫࿴Ѫģ˽, Ƶĳ屾У˵Щۻ໰ñĲգ

΢ͷû

һȦտյܣЦΪ˹ӭƴؽ˾ˣЩʲôľ¿ʲôҲˡѾͷʮǰҲ֪ͷʲô衢Ű򣬸µգЩܲĥˣЩ˱

˵ұۣ˿еĸöȳζӽŵӿһ·ϣذסҡ

ײǽԾʱԹǱѵҶߣ
ѪףĿ

һҲ˵ʡ

ۣżѾͷЦǶ³ؽģѽ졣ϱ鲼˺ۣŰֻʣһʲôûУΪ֪һ˵ʲôС㻹ϣڵӪȣô

΢ңû˵

֪¶ˣŵֱҪϢ֪ԼѾӣԼȡһĻᣬô

ԣ
΢سϡ
Ѿͷ۾ɻǱ峺סͿͨȴ˳˶ңûйһйùСŮƵĳƵƵδҲܴӱСŮļСŮ˴һԡ

΢СʣùûῴСŮ˿ķϣ̧𣿡

һδ˵һŵĺͬʱչ

ְסҵļüҡͷĪҪӦ
˦¸б΢Ц̵գȫǵ޳ţպᷴҧһڡ

΢ңʣùãСŮһ·ô

ҵһЦѾͷù˸ϴ´磬綼ͬ˵˵ģҪߡ

˵Ҷ˶٣۲ЩСϵһһ

Ȼ⻰ͬ˪˵ӣ̱ڵϣ˳űʯڻȥεڵأͷϵ黨Ҳ֮䡣
ᣬЦ¹ãҿ˸ͷãŵ

֮УСŮߵлʹ档

ҿãȻЦˣ䣬̫һˣҹùãǸöá

΢ͷ£ĵû˷ŵɣҡ

ҳĬ΢Ц΢ݾ

˵ϲʹ˵Ѿ
Ҳϲʹ˽ףһ

̫֪СΪ㼿ͻң˵С

Ťͷʹ˸ɫ

⣬źŵĹ澡̫Ůȫ򷢳ȥ
ûһֻʣҡȸͻ÷֪ǲˣطԽԵÿյţɭɭ

͵ˡ
ȣָ㣬ЦѾͷ˵ûֻйùҲܸһ·ԼȡģԸ˵滰ô

΢ʱסдϣ첲סǽ¹ãߵƵµҧס´סصͷ

Цüʣ㸸ǲѾسˣ

ǡ
΢ϡ

һ⣬ȻĶ

֪
΢ɫӣҡͷ
Ǽϸֳᷳ飬΢治֪ģֻ֪س꣬綼ȢŮ

üڳĹۺʹӼģЩµ̽δڵ۸ֹòŴˣͷˣ


΢ԥˣصصͷ
ջԼֻʣƤǣУԵҹΪΪֻҹɲִܹ߽Ӵ¾ˡ

ҹ㣿
Դ˵һը͵ؼһµ׵ʱҵ֪СȥУҴǰ·ϣһҹĴҰãʱΪϢˣ˳ǳöָ

Ѳɣ˾Ŵ룿

ҶٸһģͷƤ顣
ʱȸ·Ҳˣæ׵ҸǰҡҵȣѽѽؽУﾡǾ֡

ûû¡
ḧȸͷ
ҧ⣬Լ΢ŴȻҹɣ㵽Ź߶ҲԼҪĹ۵ܵǿƽʮ꽨ɵģʱͿʼԻٴô

ǡ
΢ϡ

÷֪ô
Ҳ߬ȭͷ÷ǲָʹӽ𣬺˽ΪɣߥҺܵ

⵹ǡ
΢ϣǾ񲻼ãε

æȥѶ̫ҽ룬ҩŰŪѡ

΢ְסĿڣƣ۵ش꣬үүƴΪȡԬҵ£Ϊ˭ۡʵ׸ڳеĵλأСͽᶼΪң˽ͨ

˵΢߲֮ɫֹ䶼ˣͷҧҡҶʼҲҲ͵͵һĨǵʹûм谣˵ܰͽᵽү˭Ը⵱ףźɬȤĴҲ룬Ϊ˱ӻ;ǧټƵع𡣡

Ҷ⻰Űɣ΢ǰ̽Щʣɿ֪

΢ҡҡͷδ

ԭš˼أֱߵǰʣ֪Ŵٴ˵ʲôˣ

֪
΢ϵңÿ˵ҷŷ磬зµĶ
΢ЦüһҲıᴢǻôˣҲ֪ǲҶģǰǼ谿߶һгеˣϲʶˣ˵ǸĽ

תֵˣˣޡؾʵΪֺ£У˪£ǰǰвؿߡߥ޳Ϊ˵о²ԱڦȻڱ̡

ԽԽ𣬵ÿѿƫ谣һ׵İϷ綼ĸ̻ˡ

Һ޵ص˦ӣʣ֪ʲô

ٲ֪ˡ
΢Ȼҵŭˣ͵һ

ʱһֱĬĻ÷ǰ
÷һ񣬽ҷã󡰴ɡһ.崺ҧأյ˼£崺.ϵʯС

Źϣʵ֪һУ
÷Ϭ¸㣬֮ǰйǰ˰ⶣ٣һһʳȷ޶ܸȥǸ˾Ϸأǲˮ˵Ķ￪һ·ϣɵ

ľЩˡ
΢˫ֳɵ״ɫȻһЦҿЦùãʮǰӣǣҲǣ룬ҵѾµŮӶ˵ĺӻҪô

˵΢ؿңȴǿЦùãҵһͷ˰ʮΣʮ갡Ůжٸʮ꣡

һۡ
ȥԹ԰Թޱ裬ں޸÷奵ʮꡣ

ȽϣҾ֪΢˭

Сǰʮ֪ԼǱܵӣҺûǰǰ̾׼̫--׼ʺ󣬱Ѷ۵ظп˾䣬żҹ߯࣬ʮָͷѪŧͣ
ʮ꣬˺Ķ˳Ĺۣ۽谺˭ʵۣĽãȷʵһ۾ͷ

ʱҷ֣֪ǲǺЩТйأǴ̡ѪĺЩп뾫ҽˣƽ˺ܶ࣬˺ܶ࣬˶˶µ

ã֪ȫ˵ˡ
ҿ΢轫װҿԼ˳ѾͷùϣҲ߳

ĩˣ㲻ܴҿ԰ȥݣȥѰա


΢ͷҡø˹ƵģֱҡҲȥҲٽӴżˡ

ڴʱֻϸæĽŲ

ûһԶ̫࣬Ϊ׵Ļ¹ʮͷò㣬ɫԲ첹ͷɴñǱ̫̾ӡ

̾ӼеҸǰ¹ؿͷɨżµ΢һûٱֳپ죬ü۽Цū澸밲

š
ҵӦ

̾һӣиС̫ŸǰкȻһ۵õİ籡

Ļǻ˻Ծ˺ô˵õȵСū־С·

֪ˣѶ°ա
Ҹʹ˸ɫȥ̣˭֪̾Ӳδ

̹ʲô˼
Щ

Ƽɫ죬̾øˣЦּū˽Сϣλ׽빬ؽҵСҲ˵СȥѡΣٺ٣°Ҳ˽˵ܡĽ빬λأֺͽźع¡

ڴʱǰһ˲̾һ⣬̫죬ڿտĵԵΪ̶
ڳ̾ӵ˿ĭʲôҳײ

̾ǴŭҸǰײҷڵأҸǰʱĲֳɼָӡﺬᣬŵū򲻸ҳײǡǱūСϵġ

ϡЦ̹˱ʣǺôĹģñŻôŰɣʹ类عȥұĲ̹ġ

̾ԣɫ˲ɷףͷҵأͷܿͼѪ
صú⣬ԼҿԼ⣬ˡˡūǳðġ

ӹֵ¶˿ڣ˳ɨˡ
߰°ͣۿŲ̾ӣ΢·ŵˣ˫۱סȣڽɪɪ

ʵ̫ǻʵ׽֮ˣӣСˣű΢ʵͬ̾Ӽƽϣ̫ۡ
ֻ͵𷽲˾·ϣͬҽ˻Ϊֺ÷͵һ£ϻȣʵòС

ȥ
򵽸˾ſڣúõط˼һʲôǽУʲô̷ӵķִ磡

̾⻰ʶŤͷæҽűߣſͷūл￪ūȥ췣

˵⻰̾ӹ󳷣ҿ˸ͷæ˳ȥ

ʱָֻ˰ҵȴЩҡ
ָ·ʹ̫ѨҡͷһЦ򾪻δ΢̾

ѾͷҲƼˣùýܱһΣɲ淴£պ˳һУؼعӡ

΢ĨȥᣬŹãҿ˸ͷСŮѱùô

šҵͷʣûȥĶ

΢ͷʵ֮СŮ֮ҲذСŮ֮ˡСŮʱңָ鷨Ҹ
΢˿ڣŴ꽻ãǸ֮ˣظҡ

롣
ڴЦ㵹ȥˣҲգᰲ˰ȥݡֻѾͷùûԹسͿ£ΪùûɸŮȥź㣬أһһʱùϱĽ٣ܽô

΢ôںظҵͷ⵷ظҿͷлùáлСŮЯҲҪ֮

ݸֵĸ첲̧ߡ

˭֪û߼Ȼ΢ҵ

ùá

ţͣסŲʣ£

Ǹ
΢ԥƬ̣ʲѣ֮ǰСŮͿߥȥԡԲ𡣡

ЦЦûֱߡ




178.  ԰   һ޶İ

178--԰

Ȩ丧˾, ȸƻظ˼ӺԺ£˸ҳϵĶŮʹ, ڳðһЩŮõΡҩ, ȫõϣд, ΢ȥݡ

䡣

Ҷ϶, ڵӡߡ

ǻ÷ҳĸ˾, ͬ˼䡣

Ŀ崺ϵŵöƽ, Ц, ··ͨ˵Ķģڻƴ˵, ܿġ

ϵĻ÷ѵóСŮ̬һĨЦգûֱӳǵĹϵ, ֻ˵·һͬΪЧЩ껹, ϱ˾, ָʹ˶, Ȩ, һ, ˾, ҺƽﾭΪִ, ܶ˺üΣǸ˰δζҴſ¡˽, ǺֵܣһȾȡ֣öƽǳ崺ǿߵġ

֪ոǿǴ򲻹š

Ҳδƣǻ˸ͷ÷˸£걾ʱͬסڹ⣬·̷š¼·ҳ䣬ȡһ飬͸·ˣҲִ˸ƽᣬˣ岻ԴˣҲᶪʧЩ꣬һֱܵܰ㿴ҲСˣƴˣس󣬱ͻ飬Σ

ҵ֮ǣԸԸʹӳס

ǵû÷ͷĬãЦѾܾ˳Ρǳ˫մѪ߳Ƶָʹ¾ǽˣαһҲͦá

ҽ˾䣺ƴʲô֮ǵı¡

÷ݸݲŮˣңñ裬۽᲻ֻ֣֮ҪۣΩҳ϶ֶ

˻أ÷һ˵øϽСϵĹϱ£лҳˡ

÷ߺӢˬıӰþòƽ

Ҷ϶ڵӡߡ

Ҿãʵл÷ģ÷Ҳ֪㡣

÷˵·͵нЦľĺ׼ԵĲ˵شͬһȥͯԣĬԼҶɽߵġ

ϰ˭ģӺ÷奡

ΪںԷԲ



عҸϽŮǹźԡ£˺صĻٴڡױüǰǰæ˽һʱװ׵Ҵ˲԰硣

԰˼壬

԰аٻţиޣž¹ƣмиĺ˷۰׺ɻ㳩ηɣһ˴ͨشڴ˵ء

ȥ˴֣׹ݶˣиپ죬ԾĒԶżŨ֬ζ

бڵġ

׵οտҲѻδҲ֪ʱڼ÷˵׼ѾȥǸҹɡ

±Żݸ߹ĺ̫ʮȥҲ˺ܶ࣬ͷף̫ܺȼѣ˵ţͷһ߾˯ˡ

Ҳ֣ҡ

ٴһȵϯڷ򸾡谷򸾵ˣ׹ݣƩԬ衢ʷĽ㡢˵ܣԼһЩ

ɺС࣬ϲɫۣԽԵ÷۵鶯ɰ

ſϣ˸У۾ˣסҵҡʣȥĶˣϯʲôʱʼ

ûȥĶ

ҽСӰˣʧ˻ӵͳЦ

ʱҷרעذ֦ûһǰķ۰Դѳ˸СɽǴοȻǕDDТ˳
׼̧֣һö֦ʱӲ˲֣˫Ẉ̂ݸԱߵ֣

ϡ
֣ؽӹӣšɵбۿңôȸԴô

ɺȻһЦǰ˼֣Ӽͷ߶ԣ˵϶˵֦

ǸСûġ
ЦĦɵıȡЦףұ͸㵱Ӱա

֣ҵ֣ЦֻҪãҽʹǬ幬

ڴ˵Цͬʱ
ʮȥ۽Ҳƣǰ̬ˣҲӺݸ߹ͷϴһ׵ĵڣȣ綼ˣŮȷûһȣǰȣ˳磬ҡҰڡ

ѶԹɣԤЩź󹬣ʱϷκ飬Դ˴ӡ
ʵѶҲⲻȥⲻ˵µʱȥ֣̽һ޶ŮҪúТ˳

Ļټ⺢ƣȫȫТ˳ؾͽСסϡҲƨ߶ƨ߶øơ
ҲСʱ§䷳ظְֵؽд֣ʷĹ¡

ơ
֣չʾ߽֦߶ЦĽʱתƣλ̫̫ʱЦҪĽŮѰװա

˳ŹĿ⿴
ȻҴ̫̫ŲĽǰʱʱشĸ׺ҵĹӣĦĽ֣֪Ц˵ʲôĽ㲻ôֻͬ䰲μҵ׼̫̫˵

˵ŵϣԵĺӷһæȥճںϵľգվû̫ײϵľƱ
˼ͬ˵нЦֻǵͷǣʧЦ

ŤͷԸȥ˵Ǳ߶һЩ֦ȥ

Գô󣬻δټЩһֱͬ˴򽻵ټôĺš
ҡͷЦЦ˿ڲ衣

ʲô
֣Ӳ´ߵĸۣЦλԶժ˸Ԫǹҫ£˰ͽءǺӱǱ¶ûӵؿ䣬ɼ˵̵ܽĺá

ޣǱŷؿġ
¹ȣȤԭ--˸飬˳ŵкֶ̫ӺεԶаû뵽˾ƫƫҼСӣͷεؽ

֣šҵĸ첲Ц˱˻ԣֶǸУѵˣزֹ˿׻Ԫѧ͵ԶСҲ԰յԺ󣬱㶼Ϊˡˣ˵ͺЦǱƽξƲմԷŰǰĪҪţۿϻɽҪ̩ȻܡôѧģԼȴŵóҹδߣһһغȾƣ˭Ϻȵ֪࣬κڶ죬һȥϱϲƻδѣ˵ⶨΣãȥѡ

ұһЦ˽Գ߿æЦɿڴЦҵһ£ԷŰ󣬳йԱ׷ȥ򸮸أСĹˣ͵͵ڿջ˸˳ȥҡԡҺͺμҪлҲˡ
˵üͷȻͬ˵ҵĹػԵڶ㿴Ի᲻أ

ҿᡣ
ҡҡͷüһЦбŵ谣ѹٴǲմ״ʵ̫ߵĹԻԵڶʲôѧͺεԶӼԹг㣬һǰס

Һ͹˵Цʱ򣬺һ죬̫ϼݵ

˽Ӽݡ

ڼĿն׿ȥ
ۣϣɫ糣üŹɷŭɨܣȫһ۶δңֻЦźͺ̫˵ԸԿˡ

µĸŮŤʢ裻
룬λ˵ϯ϶˲ˡ

ҵ㷲ѲΪҷ΢ˣΪҳʹĸ̫̾ӣˣ

ᡣ
ҵǸˣӢպյġ

뵽ˣͷѡ
·ڿŤͷᣬԹ˿⣬˹ؽ

˼ںԸ⿴ңŭҡ

סͰ͵سգ۾

һۣûͣ۾ˣʶȥ۾̿һЦɺܿɫָ糣

Ťͷ̷С̫˼䡣

ûһҾƼǸС̫Ÿ̵ҸǰˣһϴƺһƱ

һƣһ
С̫๪Ц̡

üʲôӣ

æֱҡ

Ⱦͺȣһ£

뵽ˣҶǱƣһڣɬ˲ڴݼӣԭǿ֭
˿ϣ£ɵô׹棬ʧֻ̬ǿнȥŤͷȥ⹷ǿЦ΢΢ҵľ̬

»źء
С̫ջǱϾףӳھƺϣµ˱ǵ֭ˮظҷϣ͵ЦСū澣ؿȹͷ

ߣС۵ļһ

ҵƱסһ
ﲻǿζŨ˶ůˡ

ҲʱС̫ཫƾƺڷŵǰЦ˵ˣϲͱմˣãǱ̫ҽƵҩء
˵С̫ͳƴС̴ľӣ»˵С밲ʱ֧͸




179.     һٽ

179--

ҽǸз, С̫ˡ
Һ綼˵ģֻæż΢һʱ侹

Һ͹˵ʱ, Ƽ̫ŸС, ġ
СỴ̈ͷ, ҵҿ̫Ӻͷ, º, ֱҺ͹ͷ, ݸǳЦ

Ů, ԪԸλٰ︣

ɡ
֣˰, ʣ˭ģ

Ůĸġ
΢Ťͷ

أ֣ʡ

, վ͵ˣи, ͬλֳӽۡ

֣Ů˵ĵ, ´׼ϱ, ʮһ, ģ, ˫, ǰü, ˵ױϴɫ£ȦӴǰ

ж, ׯ󷽣ȷʵǴҹ㡣

ĿϣЦʣʲô

ϥһЦǳǳУǳŮ۸⣬ض˸͹Ʒ

⺢ġ
Ҷ֣Цҽɿ˻˱ǣ³óԣ׼ȥԸһЩԣû뵽תͷѾͷͳˡ

ʵĽ밲綼ź˵ģҲǰѧãϴѡͷϴΣҲǹֱ˵ģеӻ⣬ʣ϶Ҳġ

ֻ֪ҵϲãÿ¶Ҫ

ҶƱŵҡҡһδңȴ΢ЦӼǰһըӣҧһڡ

ҸҪȥŵĸ㣬˭֪ȴչֱץһС飬պЩۣͿؽƤ㣬˵ǼҵĲȹĶʲô鶼УûС²᣿

Цҵû˵Уȥ㷭һ¡
˵⻰ͬʱһȵض̣һÿӼ˿黱⣬ɵĿڵ

л㡣
ɴڳԸ㣬һקЦЩ߰飬ǰʱһ²ᣬøƵϴ͵͵дţøޡ

û͸ˣ
ɰɣˣȥ˵

Һ֣̿

Ҹʹ˸ɫӹ̣
ҽ𣬴򿪣Цȳĸ⣬ɵʲô
˵ʱԴۺеΣһ֧һΣ/Ƕ˿飬ô£ͷˡ

Һ棬ô˼Сһ֧εʱҷ֣ɫȻЩá
ǲ죬ﾡʧЦҡҡͷ۽ʪˣ̾˿

֧Ρ
Ц֣

֣Ȼ˿įָܿ糣ԴЦлºԪĶ䣿
ţЦ֧ԭǱµĸ--̫֮ϱΪ̫ʱ̫

ʱȻæֽķŲͷ̧۳ȥ
Ϊ֣ڵĺѾˣһȥѿһֱ̫ǰСЦ

ӵ񣬶֣ڣԲģҪѿ
Ŵĸײϵò㷢ҲúܣƤðϸ΢һͷ°;ϲС

תֳǱȥ
ͬһϯ޶ٽˣ䵭ţ۾Щ죬ƿ޹ų
Ťͷü֪ͬ˵˾ʲôӲȥ۽ǵᣬбۿɷˣǿװЦա

˳Ŀ⿴ȥʱ谸ǰиŮޣ룬ʤѩ۾Ѱˮ飬ССĴӣһҪ죬껭µĸް㣬谺Ů顣

ôСѾͷˣ
֣

סЦųñ½ˣλ׶ڣùŮء

ЦЦǷƽգѻôһСŮ£ֻ˾ôһ⣬ˡ

ҽ濴ȥɵ̾˿
ǺԼİŮĺӣײһ谰ԼϣһһڵظŮιʱʱӲúӴߵķգģ͵ѱһģһ

ʱĦıŮߵǱȥ·ǹȥ¿ͷ
鵨С˹Ƶҡͷ֮

ûذȰ˵Ȱˣֻһյƣȥ
麦£û߼ͣ£ͷӯӯ

ǰ죬ӻ֣Ĵָ·ڿŮ¸ҡ
õ׵Ĺڹǰȥ̨£ΡΡؾƱЩغˣŮ飬¿ͷ밲

ȫȻ飬·ѹûƵģֻǳ輧ĺУʱʱֳޡ
ʱЦ·ù˽СľߣǣŮŮ谸ǰһ˵˼仰㹪¡

Ȼʧ֮ɫкĨԲĺޣϵĻʵۡ
黹С֪˵ĶԹõõó嵽׻ڸϣӵسָָˣ⺢ż⣬Сְ︸ײ

谺ȫʽʱǸߴĴȸ˿ŮĲӼ˵ңŮι

谵˽թΪƼһĻġ

Ҳ֪ǲоͶƸУ۽ǾҲʪˣתڵĿնӲ۾
ٴúǰƣִʱվڸǰƤСӽԼİС߽£ҪӤϿۣҪȥӣ磬ҺϲСֶҰȥòã

һЦϵŲ˼͵ۣȻЦҪǲַʹȥɳ˵ͷôҹ򲼣Сô

Ȼܣ
һӦУӹӤɷнµرҡ˷ܵ磬Ц˰

ʱѵĿҲЩСˣ˿ھƣѵ⣺Ͻӻ磬ϸˡ

ɱ죬Ըؽӵݸڡ
Ȼ⻵СüһͷѣЦֺҸ綼ү绹ǸӣΪβҲһء

⻰䣬ȫ˺ȻΣ
ϴ󲻾˻ʵۣʵڣҲǽſٻĸҲԣ޳ڲܣ

ҽŵðһƣҲɫ죬ٴЦտڲԣڸǻҲѣӶˣüŪ۵ظҡͷ

֣֣ЦСӣ֣еóԵ֡

֣δ˵꣬ͱѵĻϡ

ϵѹЦһӣ߲˵޵硣ϲڶ񵭻֮Ϊҷй
˵ѿѰڣЦ꣬ޱϲϼϲͷΪ

תŴĴָϵİָ˼Ƭ̣ЦΪϣϣԺԣҪӶ飬֪ô

綼סˣǺǰЦѣүл¡

γѣæеУʵۿͷ˵

F㵽
ʹ˸ɫùСϯ棬üȵˣֻƵģҷɣ˶ܰ÷

ƲƲ죬Ȼ᲻Сֶ뱻ţСӲԸصͷϱȥ

˿Сͷǿððʧʧ˵⻰ÿˣû
Ȼһ⣬ҸСӽ˺ܶ飬Щܴͥ˵ôĵӣĪѽ̵ģ

ŤͷȥʱǰһЦ
СӣɼһΣͬʱ֣ɵǰ
æɵظƣҲʱ͵͵ڶӶ˵˼仰ͬʱ¶ӵƨɡ

Ź⣬Ƶ˸ףڵתȦתϯǰ
⻵СװСֶͬڶ˼䣬ͬʱסڴ˸У˵Сֶȥƫ˯

ˣлҪڡ

ƹѲʦš֮輧ֳŽ衣

ֻҡͷԵ֣ȻŤͷǱߣĿ谻Ǹ۵СϣЦʣÿѾͷ˭ҵŮ

谸ЦԵͷδ⻰硣

چغ˱ƣĨ˰죬ЦʣϣѾͷüۺʹͦĪǸŮ

ƤЦⲻЦüͷ𣬷·ʶΣգ庣ʹ˸ɫϷӦ죬æӷǸȻһЦʤ¸¡

˵⻰ǣֱҪߣ֪ڵסˣֱӶ׵ǰḧźӵͷЦʺϣɩӣôô˰

ΪΣҲǣҲǡ

ǱߵڽЦ磬⺢ӵĸ˭

һ΢檡
ڣŤͷվųʲôȥ

ǣźӣƹϡ
û뵽ֱץסС˫ۣЦʣѾͷĸ˭ѽ

С֪ʱΣأޱ~

ҲʱȻߵем£˫ֱȭŤͷ谷򸾣£Ҫٴݳ֪СŮĸޱȵ۲ˣȵԦѳ֮У˭֪ȨƣТǿдѳлȥ͵͵ʮ꣡

谴ʧɫæӺŮ򵽵С
ŵͷŸףڿдתҪԼ⣬ǵʵ길׳һֻ۱һֻۣ񡭡

ʱͣ׹ҷ졣

ҡҡͷȥҺ²Ŵˣδҵʵݣ΢׿ڳϣҪѣҲ
Щѵ㲻ã㡢㡢㣬ԶżˡѵܹôģҰһմһգһδε档

Ťͷѣɫתֻŵ¹ŵĳЦȻǰĲȫϣȵٴʲТݶ俤֮λΪС֣дף




180.     Ҿе

180--

ʵֹʼ, Ѱٻţļûе£ҪƼλԸԸƽϡ

ϣ˻ϲ˱, ˱Ϊ, 򱻽Ϊ

ʵܸоѸӼ΢仯ġ
ѲδйŴ, Ҳûȥŭط, ӻЯŮ뿪

谳δظ, ҲδȥѰɺʦ, ÿ޿ĺϼȥ, ŮС䡣

Ůȥп˻ˣͺϷȥ¥Ѱ˸, ҪһӲˣԵòֺ
ʱǣСȥ˷, ϵعڹǰصؿͷ, ڸɮ˿ŷ, ú˹Ů, ϣܱӺƽ, ֽѡ

ҹʱ, 谱Źظˡ

ŵġٴҶѱ, ˡ, ڸѲ飬Ů˴룬һЩϴ͵ϡҲջȥˡ
ϻѰ˸Բ, 檽ԬģҲæȥ׸˭֪⡣

Ԭеͷûֱϣֻ˵̰˿ڱңк˶ιȥˣǼ˿ͣȥգ̫ˣȰȰ

Ԭ׸ʦ꣬Ǹȵˣصļ֢Ҳ֪͵͵ҩ
ã˷঵ʱԬһǱմ谣Ҫǣϣױϻվ谳ͷТ游ף±

ƣ£Ԭлõġ

˵˵׸ЦЦû˵ʲôܾɺҸӣҲûĻź˽õĹԱѡ˼Ĺ£ŵȥ˸⣬µĽ鱦桢ֻаƽЩõģȫװװ˶ʮ͹£Сȥƽ

ǸûֵĺӣǱ谽ųģÿҪ׺Ųſ˯

ýסŮͯҥҡСʱŰѺŪ˯ţŮ˻ǰŮϣùҹǣ˵ʱҲȥƽ

ߺ̴ӣκ˿ͤƾƣɫ࣬һԲ



*

յ£óͻ

ҹ󣬺𽥲񷣬ջʺ磬˴ꡣ

ɢϯͬ˵˻ӻԭظϢ̥ѽˣù˽СƤؼңҵ

װ£ɴҷ˯ţ˼ɴ£ס˫ۣŽųǱȥ˭ָ֪մϵƵ񻨣͸ɴƼͷŴ¡

ưһ£ѽĺʯ׳ϴɾ

ʱͷһˣǰǸʮĿˣĿ׺ݣָʹ˾ʹ--ϵķʪ͸ˮñضµΣ˫ַأֵ̿عڽǰ
߹ŵǸ߸Ůˣò㣬紵򣬲ƤԺڣ˰ߣɢŲ˵ӲǸ˾÷

Ů٣ҷһԡ

ʱ˫ֱվ¡
üͷԭš˺üأһѻӿҪĺӺĨ˰ϵɢ飬ºȵ

ʲôԵģŴ߰꣬ܲôǾָ޷³ȥ飿

ӷøˣԻҵ

ߣ
ѽڵϣֱߵǰţŴѣȥݲģûѿǣ

ܣ½
ֹ˼֣ʱ˫أˮ
과ȥݣҲɹŴթӣʱʹǱݵ̽߷ãȷȷʵʵʯˡ

ɫԽˣǳĹ۵ܵô£Ϊָʹڶ޵صңиҹɳͳĹ۸

ͷҵأٿˣҲû뵽ȻίԼαװɸ

ˣ
ѿ»÷ݺݵ߳ñ˾ȻŮ˶硣°첻ãﾻӪѹŮ˺ͬţôͶȥˡ

תĻ÷ͷ⵹ؿͷ¸һĻᡣ

ѱۣƸڶͷϣͷŷ罫ϴ˻ȥȥǸҹģʲôӣ޾ҪЩڳһУУѲҪûʲôܵ˭˺ҹĽӴ

ǡǣּ
æӦС

㻹ʲô
ŭ

ǡǣˡ
վˣʧС

ߺ־˻ңû÷ǰ
÷úܽͷڻ÷÷ɫأʱʱصͷȭһ񣬴ŮҲˡ

֪ѵ½ˣܿҪ

ҼеС¯Ǳߣź֡ŮǶߣԸϲƬ

ˮڣӱȵƮɢ

ص֨ѽһ˴ͷƿ˲䴵⽫ƵҡҰڡ
һըҿѷֽˤסޱĳʱϴ΢ˮͷ£߹վڷǰ۽С̵ͭĲյ΢΢

û˵ֱӽشӲ滷סˮɢϡ

ۣƺڼѹַŭأƽ˿Ѿ˵Ĳһתͷңʣ˵޵ĸ̫򵽸˾ſڣ

š
ҵͷ

Ǵ޴Сϵּȥġ
üһ㡭ҿּ

Щˣͷҧס´˵ĺƵģָ½ǡ

Ȼ̧֣ؽҴĺڷڶʣ㲻ݻɽպҵᣬҧһڣ

ҡ
̾˿ųֻе
˵⻰ͷѣգۣʣǲˣ

ôһ
ѳСĴָȻһЦƹȥʳָҵı棬ҿãɺһ룬ϴôһ£ƽɣ˭Ե֮ɾټԼĳˣƽξ˭ɵΣɾټĶӡӶпֱ˵գ˵ٲܳھٲף޾밡Ϊһ֮Ǹ˵ĶҲдĸģ뵽޾Ͳˣܸˡ


ҵʱס
ո˵ʲôһ֮

ɵˣ
ѵĴǰƣЦѡ

һ֣ȻƽûĲˡ

ٺ١
ѴչЦ

ٺ١
ͷЦȥ

ɵƵĻЦ

ǣҵ֣ߵżܸǰתмĺɺڼֻһ󿩿𣬲żܴмֿ¶ķСͷڷŸĽС

ȥ򿪡
ҵƨɡ

ҿ˭ָ֪ӣѺȻؽ

ϡ
ұŵֱ

ƼҵľЦײҵĸ첲˲ˣȥ򿪡

Ҳ
ҲСŮƵغõҲҶˡ

УŮҲ̫ǳˡ
Ц˾䣺ãա
˵䣬ǰȥǸбһѽϵıʼܺϣѺӷϣ򿪣ͷ׻ʺĹڷ

͵Цῴ
ҲЦԣǲܸġ

ҺȻһ
̼ǵõʱңҷƫ÷̽ңҵҰĵ׼

Ŀİһգʮ͹ȥˡ

ϡ
ҹ̧°ַͣ·٣бۿƽﶼʲôְŮķ̣Զִ¡

ϡ
Ҳѧҵǻָҵļ磺ǵź򣿡

ſڣɧ˻Цϣ˭۵ùô

Цǰҽ¡
˵ȤҲж֣½

Ʈ㡣

ͷͷڸҴЬѣЦˣæһ£÷ɼͣҲټһ£СС

ڤ˼˻ͬһϯҸѾټط٣˹ֱ ѵõũɣũߵ֣Ĵũ£Զĸء֪ʲôԵʣݶһֱССȥ͢û˲š

˵Ѳϲ˼ڣ˵һ䣬ֻҾȻ˽ʲôˡ

Сʲôţ
Լͷ

ݡ
Ѳز˾䡣

ԣˣ
ҺȻʶԾüô֪Ҫټ˵ģ

ѵһЦ˫Ȱ˲濪Բϡ
ҹȥϣ§סҵһЦ⹬ﻹ޲֪£
ѳ̾˿֣Ůȷϵ˲Űĸ̫֮硣Щ޼ɻʮ꣬£ȥظп飬˭֪ȥ귢һũɣҪԡ飬ľݣͷϸ¼˼ֲָҷʵʹõȵȣ빬бһݵǺˡ

˵ҵգЦǰίͬûᣬ֪㲻ͷĻ޵İ裬ͬ˵

§סѵĲӣϴŵĻʺͬûͬҿڣͿڱҲί͵ҸӣǸʲôŴũ֣ôҲ츣ѽ

ɵӣ²ᣬĪЩĹڦ˾СڳᣬԶӺá
šҵ죬Цʵ͸˵˴£ȥ·أ綼ҵݣ֤Ƿʵ

ͷѼͷҡͷЦҹȻͷĻ˵㡢͹һڣﾫﾫģۣ⡢ӡ

յտڡ
С£ûȣ˵ġ

һʱ䣬˭˵ﰲˡ

Ȼбۿңʣ˵ǲʲôޣ
ḧ鰴ҶϣЦݴ񣬻ʺѵ޻ô




181.  Ű   ʮ

181--Ű

װ, ŷϵĽװԹϣû, û뵽JJİ, ͷжٿӰ

ٻرܡ
Ѱҽժ£ŵ, ֽұ˼֣СĦ, Ź, ˷ܵʣˣٽ޵ʱ, ˺ð졣

̫ҽ, ǧܣ²˵, ô͡
Ҳ˾䡣

ҲԹ
Цֻһģһնδ뿪ޣ߾ȫ޵ӡ˵, 㲻˵ܸ˵

ЦŰ, סıҡ, ҪҪ, ǵүү, ˼ҵĶӸ, ȥЦ

˭Ц޿ͷ
ҵƨ, Ǻʮѵ, ޲ʮô͸㲻Ķӣ˵ͣ
˵ӯӯ, ˷ܵң̥Ů

أ̥ȣĶܿ
ϣЦʣҪӻŮ


ѳĬƬ̣ǹŮɣЩӡǱݳĻ̥޵Σһ̶ް

֪ΪæƸĿڡ
Ҳˣ˵侮ʯϾɱ˼

æͷԴ˕DDFFҵԪˣүӶ˵ԺҲˣⲻˣҲס

˵ʲô
æҵĻ

Һ˵
һҾǾţ׼õʱ򡭡
ҳ̾˿תŤͷѣЦϰ鲻ף䣬ݲҪ˵ȥҲҪ̧̫ʲôżʲôģⱲӵѾˣʵڵĶС̫ܲĸңҲ̫ѹѾˡ

㿼ǵ
ѵͷЦҲӦЩ֮ģ˳Ȼ
˼˻ĦҵıôŰɣǻԾɼ¼ֻޡ̫ҽߵĸ֪ˡ

š
סص˿ڣƵϣסͷͷô˸УָʹǲˣŴ붼ô꣬û鵽̧ٿޣǸŴ뻹Ǻֶκþģжǽ֪Ȩƣâڱܡ

ߡ
ǽߡ
˵Ȼֹ૵ʵҹҲûʲô壬޻ǵ·ⲻ⣬ѻ÷ɳȥҹȥŴıʮ꣬谶£˰õĹ٣ֻҪȨQ

š
Ӧ
ǰǰæңź˱̥ҩѾֻۣѵͺȵͷ

޴ĴָϵָҪյǸֻ֪ĵطˣв⣬Ҫҳ



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պ

޺棬괹ءҰ

콥ůˣҲ˳ƽ
Ϊ˱̥Ҳóţڸ죬ʱŮСϷǰ˵ЦӼ˵

ϣһѷϻòöģиòӣи߰СŮǰ˾ûӰ

ʵ˵鲻Ǹҹ岻

Դ԰ѵ󣬱ҲûռҽԼ鷿֣Կʼùڸ˼òѾͷһأûûҹйºվںɻرߣĮһһŵʯӶصľ㡣

ֻϣһд䶨ЯСȥƽͷ

Ǿ仰ѶĶŮʵܺҲݲ˵խ֮ˣֻҪ谰ֵַģӶù

ⱲӺܳѡʲô·ͻƩڣۿŲˣ˭ܳһ䡢ټڣ⺢Ӳδ䣬ҲδǿԼĶ죬׵ĿݶˣҲֵ֮Ҳأ

˹֪ġ

³ʮǵԷŰӡ

˸磬ϴױ󣬷Ըȥ׳׼ǰ︮ѰĽ㡣
ȸ⣬ң˵ֶǸһϣȥүеȺϢȥ︮أ

Ħȸı̾Сʱָǳ٣˳˳ˮˣྴȢͻТ˳һӶҸĽͷҰ˶ʮ꣬ǸصĺӣΪĽùԽҸĽߡ



µĽϣûһ͵︮

ȣҴ̲֦ȹϴ֧Σ˵ױΪ˱˹ûû˵밲ͷҲδֻ˽ͣ︮Զܿۡͺá

ҽӹȸĵӣöӣҡ

ƿƣֵ︮úܡ
СŴɨѷɨ·桢̨ףµĵ˴ģ綼

Ľ壬Բֱ֣ͷڣػصز鿴䣬ָͷ˰ʯʨӣü£ȥˮ²Żƽǰ侲࣬ɳ˲עʱ򣬴ͳӣز˼ĵȺ
̫̫ҲؾɷС˭֪ڴʱһˮСѾͷߵ̫ײˮȹϣĴϱƼѵѾͷۣ˾䣬ǽʿŰˣʲôϡ棬ôųؼСͷţ˭ûƿʿƵġ

̫̫ϱϱ죬ûѾͷȥ
̧·٣ЦվµһС֣ϱ˵˵

ƼˣЦҡҡͷҰʲôʱ

ڴʱֵͷﵽˡ


æŲ˼֣óط

˴ͷƿһͷĽ㡣
Ľϲѵô޵ɫԽȼףŶ̺Ķž黨Щ꽥˳ˣ˵ʮˣԾžϹŴ飬һңü۽ЦҪ¿ͷ

ϣԪݵʧԶӭˡ

Щ񡣡
æĽ㣬Ҹǰץס˫֣룬ȻĶǺ
㣬ţԸ£յֵ൱ʡ

ĽݸöӣҳԣŴǣְĿڣЦܲϡ
˫ֺʮ˼ӷ𣺡ӱӣ汣ӡ

һЦˣĵˣǿ϶󸹬۹𡣡

ĽĦҵ֣ЦȡЦңù˺þãֽ͡Ǯ棬Ҫ࿿ǰ׽ʿͺá
˵ĽﾡǴȰЦ˵ǼԵһصôŶǰգҸˣȷŰȥֽϲ¡

š
ұͷᣬЦŵͷĸ֪ġ

ʮˣǽصƿ

Ҳɵó̾˿ͷƣ̫̫ͬε˵ЦǶԵͦǢ
˵֮ޣɵ׳߹̸ʺʹܿǰƽӨ͸ı䣬ϱ̫̫Ե÷ǳڣֹׯԴǽжȣֺ͸˺йأλδ׻ָԷ顣

ҺȻһ¡
üϸ˼Ƭ̣ĽЦϱ䰲ĵŮ˾Ĵҹ㣬ļҺŹپ춼ҪӣԬ⺢˵ףɼŲԣҲֻǸС٣Ƕţ˵ǵż಻ģССŮ˴õ档

á
Ľæͷ

ˣ㡣
תóӣЦʣ԰ᣬ˵һ죬Ҵ̫̫ͽ㣬Ů˵ףļˣ

ˡ
Ľ㶯ְҰӣԼĲҡͷ˵ҶûţǼ϶ϱиŮˣʮˣǱȣȥԪڹ仨ƣŕDDFFݣͷ˼䡣
ؼҺǰ̫̫ͬ˵£̫̫Ůⲻͬ˵Ҳȥ㸮ϵѧ飬˵ʲôѧʶģûûҹԺͺ˵ʲôԺǳ񲻺ãⲻϴϱͲˣֻ̫̫϶ҵŮ̧Ůռֹذӣ֪˶ٻˡ

£ҲδֻúЦ

ͬ˵ʵ
ҽӹĽӣսЦ¶ҵС㡣

ǸдĵĹ
Ľ

š
ҵͷ΢Ц

ǺðĽæЦѾͷҲģģʶǰμģܶ񡣡

ǲҼǸС⡣
ҡͷһЦʵٹҲ˵ĸˣһ㾭鶼ûУͬϱദôǢܸܲҴڼУ

ϣĵλԺ¶ϱ㣿
ĽڴЦңңԶĺε󣬵ʵҲûʲôģ⺢Ƣĵرͺãʵìܿ͸ˣûôദġҶϱǴҹ㣬϶ĸģȻҵշŹͷռ޽ܼ£棬ͬ˵ֲⷿ㲻ǿʤЩίҲǲүó޵ﱳά׽㡢ѹĶҴӦһУⷿͰȥӣʱլǶϱ˵㣬Ҳûôˡ

ˣ
Цʡ

š
ĽС㾴ҡҾ㣬úܺãƽǳìܣҲȥͣԼȥͨҲʲôɩɩ̫̫Ȱ⣬һһ죬úõģҲȰ˵ìܡ

ҺĽ֮ʣȻͷһ󼱴ٵ
ƿ⿴ȥֻһ̴С˸߲ҵر︮

СԾ嵽εǰ±ϲϲС㣬Ǽҹ˶׵ʮүС˹ͬ˵һүع÷

εϲ˵ͨ죬æԸңͣ
ţסĿڣʣүأڡڼ

ҸоĽżˣӲɵǰӣ

СһţȻЦС˵֪үǵڼ

ҲڴʱԶ¿ͷŸʮˣɫֱ֣ͷǰ˵ܸϵĹ¡
ǹ³ǰʷ˸ǧҿ·Ѱʲôˣ˫ֱȭЦˣүС˹͹̱ϲҼصԿȡ׵ģͽʿү磬͹ȥһۡ

ƼĽסˣŵԲŵ˾䣺ǻԵһôԾֻǸף

Ľص˿ĭǰ˼ŵˣҶѧأǶ׻ףڼ

ҲڴʱԶֵҲ̽ͷȥ
ֻһ︮ģĹϲϵӣס࣬嵽︮ſڣ±ϲؿڳݲ壺

ϲү̫̫󸹬۹ǡǱյ״Ԫģ




182.  ԰   ݣ΢ޣ

182--԰

״Ԫ, ־ϲ
͵ؼ԰ᣬ֣ͬģʱԵһ, ҵĹλеڶ
˵ҹػڵ۹, ʱЦЦζ˵˾䣺԰ö, ĵѧضһǰ

ٻζⷬ, ҷ·ҲƷƳʲô

, ״Ԫѧ, ۺ̽ǵطľ, ˵ˣεĿƾٽʿ, ǸѡʵİӣҵĺӾ㣬Ҳ, ѧʶƷԽԺãһӺݾƴ, ֶ, ֮, Ǹñܱܷͷ

ѧ, ϲŭɫ, ٻ֮, ڸ߶ĿȾ, ߣ͢Լʱ䣬ĻǸҲȱ, ױ磬ڽ̫ӵĺ



̫̫Ķϱ˵ûȡһʿûʲôģ״Ԫǿ˲ã弸ƿɾ̫ү˶״ͣĽﴢҲǸ׵ʮ

ǵõʱϲĽ˵ݺᣬǳϳһӵˣ˾˵Ҷ״Ԫˣ˾ʹѴѵǮ

Ļ̌ͦͷش߽ȥأ̫̫ϱҲ͵ڨЦԾóĽϥΪŮһ״ԪӣԶԶԪĽ㡢趼˾أ

ʱһվĽȥʱ£ȻүǱźﴢǿռֺޣТ˳ĶӣһΣȥѡˣҾ룬ѡ˭



Ȳͬѹϲã˸ּڰ˵ܸ磬ߡһúþ۾ۡ

ΪҪӷݣִѵػȥ׼ֵؼҲֱӴӸȥ̫ࡢŮǰðŪָӣǹ߸СƬ̡

ʱù˻壬Сӳˡ

ҹĳһʢ˼䣬ϳ˿öεζ

ʱ˵Ļ⣬ǵԷŰˡ

¥ﻶЦ˷˵ʲôЩŴ󻧱Ű׽û뵽׽ѳɻ飬ʮ꣬̽Ӷˡ

˵״Ԫ˱Ŀף˲ģһ֮ӣҲߵⲽһӣżλ䡭

ʱʱǵĳݵ˸߸ſڡ

⣬綼ϴɾˣʻ˶ų񣬰չְߵͺھĬڵ·ԽӼݡ

븮´˵ܵĸլ󣬵ʤ£ܷͤһ٣Ļ˵Ը̸Цк壬ް׶
йϲĸɫƣִĴѲӣŮǶζڻСд

뻨ף˵Ǽ磬ĪҪ̫ˣ˻ǹظʰ

źȲĿնɨ۵¡

źμˡ
ǰ䰲үӵͬ˽ãҲսģʮˣͷ˵Щɿȥɾȣǰӷ򸾡

˹үĵճӣμģսˣͻܿʯӪоùʶȵ״֡ҡȡǾ䡰¬ɿ죬Ҿϣȴ¡
˳ŮȵʱԪӺǰǶӺεԶ򸾡

ұأˡ

ĽﴢĺͰ死ϱε

±ǰ˵ܷ򸾣ķ򸾡

ʱʦšط -硷Ů૳Բԣ¶Ϊ˪νˣˮһ

Ҹ̫ʹ˸ɫʾԴˡ

ŮǶ뻨Ҿװ˲ľƱЦУԴ˱Ƹλϲˡ

æٱ

¿ȥĽĿԣĽ¡أѵû˺ױͷϴŽΣᣬ򴽳ҵλ΢ЦƱһ
Ŀƣ˵ܣҲڿңЩ仯һʱݳʱﶼŸˣֱץƺҾ𣬹˹˺˺üڡ

һоС

Ц̣ҵСҲš
ⲻҲ֪˾ʶ׫д¼ˣţƤƵĲס˾ˣ˾˸λ

ɽˣЩȣԭŵģҪ
׻С䲡ʱ͸ңСϣؿߡ

ִȥ
Ҹָ϶ӵĶͷЩ̡

Ҫ
űӣſϣҳԹҩˣĶȥǰ

Ѳܣ
ʡ

ҡҡͷ

תȸȥЩɢٰѕDС˵ˣҹﵽ䡣

ĦŕDDıöЩһӾߡ

ڴʱƼﴢ˺üѾƣƺڼʱͺȶˣѾˣҲеƮŤͷ԰˵Цû뵽ܿ״Ԫ
˵ӳӣһڣЦҲѹ׵Ҳ˲ˣ

ɫãδκʧ֮ɫЦŰʱˡ

ﴢصͷ˵úӣţֺ˱䰲ӷ򸾣ȭЦϲ׼˫ϲģԶֶж׽ʿŮ״Ԫ

״Ԫ֣˵úܴڳƵġ
̼ǵõȢ󣬺μҰٰ㲻Ըʮֿӳ̯ˮ࣬ϹĽĿ
ʵԹ䰲㣬ʵ˺μŵʵ̫ߣ̫Ƕϱ˵ģε

һˣͷˣﴢĿνǽ˿ڴȻҪ׼Ҹǰֺһˣ

ĽڨڨһЦæȥӣٺȼҲǳسĪҪ׼Ҹǰʧ񡣡

ﴢĽҶӸУ㻹ң
˵ĽźζЦüҽ̣˵ԣܱ߲Զֶ٩٩̸Ծ⺢պǧŵķ⽮

ֻζƱңңﴢģЦʷ˼ѧԨԴϣѧ⺢Ƿƽ󣬵˼ƽٿʢ֮ԣƽʮӮòģǱ¶˵ƴޡ⺢պܳ࣬Ϊ֮

׼ңϧشԷԶѧ˵ͨ죬Ȱٺա

ڴЦͨǲӵģһҫҪж顣Ʃѣվͳע⣬͵˶һڡ

ڴʱͷһɧ

ֻҵĽŲ𣬴ͷ̫ܽ࣬ЩŴСһУЦŹ¸Һڹ˿ͷ

ǰͷǸС̫˦·ЦЩū澸λүĺ񣬹ףߡλӸС

һæʣүˣ

С̫ЦĻүδǰߵʱµġ

˵⻰ʱС̫Ըһһ򿪽УЦү˵ˣλүУū澽ϣһ񣬾Ͳóˡ

һʧ䣬ԭӻδҲϲýѵǵȫ

ñơ
ֱӣȥĺԭһģһ塢ˮľֽ۰Сҹ飬ȷֵƣˡ

ɨ۵£䰲ӺĽҲۻϲлʹ͡

С̫ǰһЦүҲ׼һء

ҲУ
һϲЦʲôѽ

ڴʱƼС̫ܿˣϺվڿ֮أ߸߾ֻպɲǼ䣬ֻһƷ֮һûӦƼӻɽ֦˵һֱ䴩պȲֱӶ뻨һľڼϡ

ﻤʱ䰲ͺζ˲䵯𣬻ǰ

ʶɱŤͷȥֻϷ·ʲôһǶžһɢԭŴĶӣͷд˼֣ܹλֳ󸹬۹𣬾ŵףӱǸǸӸĺ񣬼̾͵

ô£
֮ʣȻͷ˵ˬЦţҾͿ߽ͦο˧СףŰѴ󹭣üѣĨŵЦҵĴӣ


˷ܵسһŹ߰°ͣ˽

ԭĺ񣬾Լѽ

٣Ƥ




183.     Ұ

183--

˵, мղܻô
ڼ޲ȥ§סҶݺڣˡκ˶, ֵҪӵ, ֻǿסĸ׵ϲ֮飬ϯ, ΢ЦҶ

û, Сӵĸͷڸ߲, ɹ, ۾, ͷ˲㳾Ȼǿӱ޸ϻ, ϴصĺܣŵţƤѥЬ׻Ȧ, ͦӢĶܱȵϵġ

ֽӸһԵС̫, Цͬ˾˺ͱԼһ, еҸǰ, µʱ, ׷

, 
ҿһͷ, , ·ʲôСüڻҷ, ţףȥˣ

֪ӶҵСæЦҲˣ

Ķ
һĲ죬ȻֳҵͷƾץһѣȻͱһ俪޵Ĵĵ

ҲϡӶӹĵۣͷмСˮ飬ӭϮҶʱĻŭţЦʲôʱѧϷģ

£
գգۣ˫ǰȻ߬ȭͷִ˿ر֦ǳµ黨Ρ
СӴ˫ֽ

ÿ
æӹΣڷϣٴδ˫ֲִ˺ֱܶ࣬Ϻ˲СѪӡ
ô
˳˾䡣

š
Цظ˵ھ˾˼磬ⲻæؾ͸
˵ͷһɣָܵܵĶͷʣDDզˣ

ˡ
ճЩɢſ˯ˡ

ǻȥգ߯ˡ
˵䣬ͽ˯ɺᱧ𣬸Աߵ̫ʹ˸ɫ˽ɱظȥ
ʱɿˣƵķˣһѱסϳǶҵأ

žشɵģûģɵСԴҸ£߬ȭͷװҪᣬЦ˵Ҳڵ꣬ǲֲˣţ

ûС
Сֵǰæ⣺ҹԵúܣ
˵ɵѿôϵĿףղ磬Ҵ׼̫ˡ

˵ɻɰϵĿס彣ȫ£ڣйϼɫļҳۣźϡ

ݣем䣬ȭԼһЦٴιϲλƾٶ
ԼˣСӳ䰲ЦСӣûŵүӰգ

䰲һӣϵƬתͷֿ۶ϵﾡϲæЦүĻѵСС;ıǺη

ŪүӼЦˡ
˵ü΢СƵİӺζ棬ЦСС˵νҳһ֮ˣСţȥʱٹүѧĹ򣬽ˣָͬСգΣ

ڴЦջ͵Ƥζĳ죬

ζҲ£ЦˣȻСүˣĩԵ㣬ָ㲻ҵдһ±á

˵ζϯϵĲ£ұ۷ϣſۣܿ˸첲׳
ü΢˷ܣǰסζ֣һһ㿪ʼ
˲ԼͬؽҧȻð˳ζɫɣ΢Ц
ڴʱɫ䣬Ťͷڣףôˡ

һˣ

æǰȥ˭֪տҲˡ
Ҳʱζˣʹζְȥ
ʵ֪ʹթҲӮùζ˼֪С˼СӰˡ

СүӮˡ
ζЦűȭݸ

ƤЦˣбթ


䰲Цһթ
˰ḧͷЦʣСүسȥȻ˲ټʶٹϲĻţ

ƺ䰲˱ƣЦлүүӲʣͷһá
˵豭ζЦ²СƣСԲƣһϲοƾٰӺŮԸУ˫ϲţл顣

ζƱһЦºͣү̫ǫˣıȥ꣬ʵ١

ͬȻǲԶˡ
ָζ˱ƣЦСοʿ׹ӣ˳齨֧ӪЩɽҰػǲ̫ԶżȽӮСƤָͷŶָѵǣ֪Σ

ҡͷһЦҾ˵СӸղûֲ֪ߵغظζԭ˼ڿء

ζϸ˼Ƭ̣ûܾҲûӦЦĩֻұһˣǱͬ⡭

ģҵһ׼Ӧ
æ

ǡζת˼˼ЦˣĩʥΪСү.Ӫ˳ӪĽʿЩǹףΣ

ϣǶлβ
סζ֣ü̾˿ãֻС֪ĶЩֵܡ

ζס֣ص£ЦĩӪǰһӪأ

ʱϲüңлл԰ζƣвˡ
Сȶ˳ͬ䰲عԽȷһ¡



ûã̹پߴ٣˵ʱˣ֮ɫүظ

ͬĽ˵˼仰ȥˡ
ճ˸߸ͿͷͣõĳݣͲ̾Ҳڲ࣬Ƽұ֪ĸˡ

ҺһǰһһƣѴʱбϣ˹ҡȣǰ֧Сľͷʳð
Դ򿴼۾Ͷסţƫƫһģָ²˷ЦһڣϽAƽϲԵġ


ӦҪֳԡ

Ҽ״æ֣ӻͳӣˮʪˣ֣צӲϴϴͳԣͷҰˣյĹضˡ

˸ץӣڽûҭסˣæȭͷԼؿڡ

ûͬ
æӵݹȥ

һյ·һڶûء
һȥɵЦˣϣģǲǷǵģ

ߣԼͬؿŶӴãԵô㣬զôأ

AЩ
ӣм⡢峴ģƤȻӪоЩˡҰզ˼쵽δ󽫾ǰ˼Ҷ顢󣬺ߣó

ҲˣѾӦˡ
Ĳ޳ضɱСҵӪֵؿǰԽǰɱ仨ˮء

ʹɡ
˵䣬еĵο綼
ӲԲˣѵ⣺ֶ壬Ͳ˶óԣԶֻĢƵģˡ

٣
ֱ꣬죬Цڱﶼˣ׷ˡ


Цȴ¶ӵͷ

۱ȱȡ
СƵϣԼҺм䣬ֱӣ쳤ȣбۿƼûҵȱĶ

˵
ĴԽȲڶӸǰҵ

ȥȥȥ
Ѱһۣȶ쳤СȶҸޱȡ

񡭡ȷò˼һʵүĸЩ

Ҳ欵ط·٣ö黨£ǰ԰ڣƼûǧҴģĽ𣿡

ѺתóֻСͷĶϷ飬ĦЦʲôϲͰͶظѰֻ˵أ֪ϲ裬˺Щ

Ҳ׾󷢣СӣǴģôƫġ

ٺ͵ЦҺѡԴסŲǰͷԲˡ

͵ؼڱƺˣæǰȥӵĿţһƣСȹȻһָͷֵ˿ڣ
۵Ҫʱ͵ˣæʣôŪİ۲ۣ

ˣûµ
æȣҺѿˣͷЦˣǧСүүý٣үӹȻ͵͵ϲϲãⲻӯС֪ˣһٳҲˡһس͵͵ҵܴܵ˳˵ҪСȥ棬ʶһ¸źԺСãֱ֪ӯС֪ˣ׷˳ҵܵ˻ȥүүҪȥԼȥҶӡ

Һ̿һۣϳ¾ܸɳ

ѴǰӵͷȻЦϳ»·ϳ⣬ŻسҲΪݴģٺô

š
ͷЦүͶүǾʶסڳׯ˵Сסվͻȥ᲻С

һ⸸Ļæʣô·ϲ̫ƽ

˸һͷҺм䣬ͷŸ첲Ŷȣ赭дҲûʲôĺЩóϸˣ˲ңλҲʣ¡

ˣ϶ɱ
Թһһεرλ

Цʣ·ʱһݣΣ

˸УЦʱݹʻ֪ȫȻү˵æءҾ룬ôƢĪǹ㰮ӵǻҿ֮£Ҿʹǰȥ鿴ԭĶ꣬һӾ̣æͨա

˵̾˿ѵȷʵǸӵĺù٣Э֣ͬҹ̸˲ũĸߣʮһֱڵط֪ʢ֮ǱصıײʶԶȳ͢Щسǿ

˵˵ţ͸˯ˡ
Ҳǣҹ̵ظϻȷʵˡ

ҺѻһۣĬж
ŵؽڶϣؽӵͷ̧𣬰ĸ첲ƽˡ

ôؿһЦ

ǵСľͷ˰




184.  ʺ֮λ   ɽ¥

184--ʺ֮λ

Ҫô˵Ǻð, ˯˻صǾȣȲҪͬҺ͵˵ڱš

Һ, һ߳Ÿ, һ˵Եݻл, Ӹοʽʿ׹ӣļӪ

˵ԽǰиС, , ҫ, Խ谮С, Сˣر߹⵽Խ˼ٰ纷, ʵҫ֪ϢƵġ

֪ºҲҫ, Ӫֵɱ˹ȥ

˵ǩսԼ, ҫ˽, ԼԾ˵, ˶˵Σ, ȥ, , ȥȶľ¥Լ, ˶ǸȨʹթ͵ϮǶʷ, ҲضսʱԶڱ䷨ͼǿ˭׶֡

໥Է
˵Ǹҫòãʶǣ˲پʷǸԶˣλҫع󣬶ҲСӢ䲻֮硣

һ̸죬󵽸֡߹ؾСսȶ޻̸ֱȻȭŹ򣬷·ñطѡ
ٱʱҫԼ嵶͸Լҫ
׶ˣȴҫֺ˵Ȣ߰°ͣ˵ʮ֮Ҿ̤ƽԽྩҶȢ

˹Цʹ

Ҳ֪ôģõսľǳţ»ôȥ˽Ǹҫһô졣

˿ڲ裬Ħͷ̾˿˵ȥ֪Լ͹ҵĲ׶ˣǿҪʮʮ˵ĲŬԺ㡣

ĬãصصͷѣͯˣҪô
ҡҡͷ˵Լɡ

ĩˣԽԽټˣʵڰҹȥ˯Ťͷȥҹ̸ʱʱˬЦ

Դҷѿ˺ܶ࣬ʳñƽ㡣ҪߪΪ飬ְе㲦÷奡ﴢġҦ䰲ˣճϣ˵˵ġ

¾㱸ֻǷ硣



պ

¶ʮ˶գѻʽڳ϶´¡

һԡ£ׯػѣĻױϴ˷κͶž黨ʰ׵ͬһš

Щƺų꣬ĸ˲ɵô򺮲

ȸǰۣŸͷͷǰִڴʱƼԶĽ಼ֿӣǰ·̴յдˡ÷ֵĵ

ӻ֣ͣ¡
ʱ÷奴ӽŹٷŵź׹ѥ
÷ǳۣѸٵͷһͷ´Ц綼˵үˣܼ·Ӣˡ

˰÷奣Ц۳Ͷ٣ڼգþòˣӿ

áá
÷
ûסٴγҵĳ߿ۣкŸ֮ɫźҲеѹ֮Ц綼ү˷ڱΪӢ۳ģĶǡ
ﲻʣ÷ס˿ڣٴιЦĶӲսʱүӣָ㷬

һӣĻ綼żֵʴָ㲻ҵ໥д衣
˵ͷһۣЦչﻹ£㲻÷ˣȸˡ

䣬ٴǰȥ

÷Ծ̴ӽԼҽӿߣó
·÷ҽ֮ʱŤͷɴ⿴ۣ÷һֱʹ̧ͷҶӡ

ʮȥˣҺ÷奼ĴһֶֻùôǵһΡ
ƹȥǰʣ֪ǲƽڰ빣Ҳ֪ǲǼв̫ƽƣ̬۴Щأüͷšɸ

ɣվóԸλ˳ΪʵŹǣغҸɡ

ҷ·⡱ַ·૵ϲʺ

ЦЦϱĿ



ֱ볯ᣬȥƫϢ

ױ̨ǰɹ̷Ųױһ̫Ÿɫ룬ʱȻһ

Ҵ˿ţ⣬˾䣺ô

æЦ˼Σ
˵ֽϵĶžȡֻ½µĴĵͷϣЦ⻨̫ˣһήЩūѡ֦ĵйʺԵ

ЦЦûء

ֶҸǰЦȥˡ

һԵȸڰŪڣ⻰æǰѾͷҲһϲãȻĨߺޣңҪҪ¸乬λľǻʺ֮λɡ

ҡҡͷȸļЦǵˣʮǰüҲǡ

˵ҷȸĸ첲󲽳СǱȥ

ƿƣʱ鳯£һǰ㣬ϣһųһ߷࣬ȻУ֮Ĭ
ڽҲڣɵģһ죬һ䣬ʱʱؿֱϱóҧĺ˯

ʱꡣ
ѻӻ֣Ͳ̾ȥڳϸͲˮи÷ʹ˸ɫ÷⣬²豭ǰ

£һҪࡣ

˿ڲ裬ͷ

÷й֮λʮ꣬ԪﵮӣȰʵ£ԪΪ󡣡

һ⣬ʱ

÷奵Ļ䣬Ľﴢվ顣

ϣ麣·ûֱӷԣһЦΪ֣λָߣǱۡʱ̷£˻ʺ󲻶ѡ

ʱ䰲վ˳ۺ·佫Ѹߣ˵ȵҪ壺֣ӣδйУĸĸԼǸĸסҵ֣ϺްĶĸ֮Ѳ˵ĸϵǲģ֮áԪͺദδ˵ıĸӣʴȹذ֮ӡ

⻰һһԵ֪˵ˣ۶ʱˣʵ£ʱӣԶԣԪζѣҪȰοŵƽɡس󣬳ңڨЦԪܡܺߵܶ볼ҪֳȰΪ󣬱شӰá

æúȥڣص̾˿⺢ӿСûĸԪġ

ƼˣڴЦʮǰУռЧˡ

·ģб۳ڣЦ֣ҲϤĸүҵ֮ʱ֣Ϳ๦ߡ

䰲ֱӴϺ·Ļһӣ°ϵĻ׺Ų˼Ů˼ңڲ˾֮ӣʷϳ˸죬Ӳô

·һЦȻ֣ʣԪﳼ֮󣬳飬ѡĸŹŮΪ󡣡

ᷳۺ·һֱĬԬ壬Цʣ׸Σ

˶Ԭ壬Ǻ·Ԭ˽ãæ׸΢΢ҡͷ

Ԭ崹ϸ˼Ƭ̣̾˿еУһΪԪΪ̺󣬺ǰ

Ԭ׸һԣµĳӣƩ䡢Աɵ²Ա׷׸顣

ˣ˿
ڴԬ岢δƫ˽վѡ

ݸֽһڰϣɨȦˣЦȻڰΪԪΪǱôˣ֮£ȥ졣

˵⻰Ѵ󲽳С

ֱû˵ɢ
Ӧ˵Ҹ

Щգ鲻Խ֨ѽһ˴ƿ

̧ͷĿԡ
ݸǳЦһʮǰǸ¶ڳԵ꣬ڽӹҲʱЦüɬ

ʺ󡣡
ѳ֣ҡ

Īұͷͷˡ

ִʱȻһɧ
Һͬʱǰȥԭ谾ˣҲüŸ̫ѵӣͷߣͷܿò·ǡ÷ݣС

ֲõԤС
ʱ÷ݺ΢˵Ŀڹ˵δ谽Ӵô£

ɫתеθǰ谣סŭ˭ôӷ빬
ʱѾºüԾֵͷ⵹ر£ǡǹүǿ

ǼҪ˵һ÷ǰηͷʵۣЦʣ

ҪǸŮΪ󣿡

䣬ָָ棬ŭȵﲻɲ˵ʲôվĵض

谰˫ֱȭԭתһȦɨԴǵԹΪǸŮ˶ЫΪ󣿡

ţ谸÷ʹ˸ɫ
÷ݻ⣬Ҫڡ

վһԵ÷奼㣬ɫɷףҪ˰ȥ÷ݣҧŭȣǸڴ˵һ֣Ӵ㡣

÷Թ÷奣Цһ߶ܣһ߷Ƶĺ𣺡ʮǰΪ˴ӳɱøǿռȥ·ϱ빴Ϊˣ󹴽Ҹ÷奣ɱȫңٹΪܣΪ⣬Ǳꡣ
÷۾ɺ죬޵޸Ҹظ뵱ңĸУɱĸ֮ӣֶЫŮΪ󣡡

ҵͷ˵һ˴Ƶģˣʹõǰ̣ǰк谹ᣬ͵ŽգΪĸױ

ҴδгһջᱻҶ̣ʱ³Ѿը
÷奴סӣ븣˴˫ۻסͷҺЦ

ӣ
ȭͷ߬סҧгݵؾҪߡ
Ȼŵһģַסͷһ˿Ѫε
ﻹ˵谺÷ݼƽϣʶܳȥסæúͲ̾Ӱƫ̧ȥ̫ҽ

ŤͷȥѾҳһࡣ
׷ײĿСִۣͷŴ÷奣·˵ʺôǼˣ÷ӣʵ˷ޣ÷ƽƣ֪ǽŻʺɶ磡

ǹȥʮҾˣʱҲЩңѿ·Լ˵ְǹѺֱָָ㡣

Ҵ±裬µǣѺ˷顣

ұ죡
һ÷һ÷ݲӵ÷奣һĽȥͽ÷ߵúɣ˵һҵϣ˿Ѫιȥ
תŤͷŭ򱻱黤谡
谴ֳĨ񶾵ĳЦһɵ⡣

ʱԬƲͼ⣬֮䣬ü»ԣλӲ֣һеȱϡ

εûгڿ׸һקԬͺ·˫΢΢ס谣־˵һΡ

˿СʮĵܵܣϵĳŪŨˣбۿңֱ㣬֮ӣڹǰ˵

ҵСӼŭɱ֮¡
˭֪谣´磬һһִӳݷģ㣬.޵.֮ӣڱǰš

Ȼ⻰˲伤ŭ谡
ʱһһʮǰϺһ

ʲôƵģü鴤˼£һץס½󣺡˵

ߣ
ֱһѻӿ谣ͬʱһӾʹ˹ȥСĺֺݣͽ谸ÿڱǳѪˤڵء
δţǻȦˣ֪ĸ׶ǰ¹Ϊ̫ȣ̫ǰʮŮװ׵ģûʲôһ£෴÷˽ͨ÷ʩԹ̣ĻԹ⹴ʺ飬񼫣÷ݸѺگȱ·䡣

ţŲæߵǰŲס谵Ĳӣ谷һﺬŭ谣ȵΪʲôϵģˣ䡣
ﴢĺ䰲ʹ˸ɫʾס·Ԭ壬ͷڳλϺʼĸУżӺң֮⣬Һ󹬵Ĺʮʮ£֪й̫иֵʼįŹֵܻ֮𽵹Ūӡ

ʱͨ죬Ҫĸױ⣬καϽƵģվֻܺ޵ץСȡ

ЦŵƽԪ£ֳŴ֪£/ɱֵܣƽ£Ϻ󣬱µʱų谵棬δ¹֮ڡ
ȦˣĿɨλ飺ʱ̫֣Ԭ塢Ҧ÷奡·ȣ֤ȷ䣬.׿ڳϻҺ󹬣ôʮ꣬Ǿˣ

ţƵģ˼谵Ĳӣű谵Ĳͷȵˣڻѻ.޵.֮ӿˣѺ䣡





185.  ɽ   ߳ܣ

185--ɽ

, ˢŶΡĹԾ˵ĺš

ڰβ, Ťͷȥ, Ѵʱڴϣɫ԰, ϸܵ亹˯ṳ́ܲʵ, Ҳ֪ǲ, Щ, ΢, һֱ΢зʹ
Ī̫ҽϤҽ, ĺѲأƽ̫ҽ˵, ֮գ, Ѿһʱ, ôѡ

ɨ, ڴʱڵ, ̾ӵȹ˽, ̷һ, Ӱʶ, 󳼺͸̨Ժس˶ڵʥϢ

ˡˡ

֪Ϊʺ, ɡ

һ÷奵ӣ÷奱ٲߣûңҵһʱóлȥ̽Ϣˣ÷女ҵ·
أҷԼԽԽˣʮˣô̺򣬺ô黢ôãôҡôôܡô

ӡѴǴ򲻵ģڣҾ͸о̤ʵʲô£ôȻԲѣ
ҺȻ˫ʱˣѪ粽ߣԵԭľĥˡ

ֹסµ̽ȥ˯գһ¶ϵĺ־ѡ

ѣǧ£ȥˣһ˹ô졣

ʱĪ̫ҽҩ룬ǰһԹøҩˡ

ҰðҩüʺԺأôû

æԺ壬Ī̫ҽֵūѾһʱȥҶ̫ҽعʱӦÿ쵽ˣĪǣעԸġ

ȥ
Ҵߴ˾䡣

ʱǰŤͷȥˣ
ɫȸղҪöˣܵس˿첲ΡΡ̧ҡ
ץס֣£ء

ޡ
һЦû¡
תɨȦˣʣǸء

ʱ̫̾æǰһػ£Ѻƫ÷ȥٷ

Ƥ£Ҫ
ҸæǰڴϣӺ潫

ҩɡ
Ī̫ҽҩԼȺ׳˳ȣŸιȥ
ҩ¶ǣҲ˲٣Ҳ˺ܶࡣ

о
˫ͨ죬еߣôǿҪǿĺӣʱҲ̲סˡ

۶ӣḧĦͷ
֪͵ؽҵִ򿪣ͷֱңǴδʶһңֲġķŭ
ʲô˺üζû˵
֪÷ݺǷǴ̼ˡ


ٴȥץӵĸ첲
˭϶һλӿңҵڿУ̧ҲǣҲǡ
ңʲô˵Ȼˣ͵վšͳ˳ȥ

ĸһֱǸ߹ķˣ˵һȼΪ澣ҲǸɸɾģܲĸ׵ˣܲĸ÷奵ӡ

£ĵֱ󿴣ֽ߬ס

ȥưա
̾˿

ǡ
õ׼æ׷˳ȥ

ްȶȥɡ
ѻ˻֣̼Ĺ˺͸󳼶¡

ʱټ޹ֻʣҺˣҵͷڴߣĬĬᣬ̾Ħҵı

Ҳ̲ס嵽ޡ
סҵıй
ΪǲĹȥѪԣ˵ס棬ɻǡ

ãҲʣ˵᲻ңĸΪܡ

ôᣬδ֮а
ӰҲȥᣬȥúͬ˵ҲˣܶȥĿࡣ

ҡ
ʲѣڵִȥĲջصصͷ
ͬ˵գҲ㣬ǰ

û¶
ҵļ磬Ц޾Ǳˣʱθһʹ˿Ѫڳҩ˯˻ްˡ
ǵؿңѽǸַˣôظȥúȵ㲹ҩģ޴谺÷ݵ˺ͻؼңó˱Ѽ޺þûԣˡ

á
ſϣӦС



ѹȥԾš
ʯ澻ɼˣˮƮɢŸɫ꣬ѹȥһ·졣

ĸֺȸ̷ڲࡣ
ֿ̫ã۾ЩۣҵĶɷȣ֮Ŀʮǰ侭ôһ⣬Ҳֵˡ

侲ָʶӣϸ˼ߵĲԾǴ˭֪ҾǴģ谹ᣬǷ˽ͨǰǺ谺÷ݽôһֻΪֹ󣿸ҺѡĨڣʲôУ

µһнѳɶ֣ݺһǣס谣ʹʲôϷ

أһ⣬иŴûӰء

ڴʱ洫󼱴ҴҵĽŲţҾ÷奼꾪ŵ
ʺ
÷ܵǰֲסĴ򳵱ڡ
Ĳ֪ӹģԱµ¿ɱһֱжġ

ֻ÷綼һ鶼ûУɽôһ⣬͵ؾԴҾͷҸ檣ûͲ֮ᷢ£ѺͲܵǣ

ߡ
˵˾䡣
⿴ۣ÷ǱѣŹٷڷѱˮʪƣȼ꣬Ť

ڴʱǰŵĴӼ
ʮӲӢǳ紵ɹƤڣƿ˾ҪкЩ
ŷͷɴñס崺÷奴ӳϸЦб𣬻÷ء

÷͵һ˼ͨһ£ӲͳȻһ̳Ƶıݺ᣺һҪųĲ֪°

˻ȥɡ
Ӵص÷奣мؼĶӻ򶴣ĺöӣ
˵⻰崺ߣ

ڿصĽϣϵ׷̶

ֻķҲƵġ
Ťͷ߿ȥڸͷϣ࣬ʮǰŻǷ˵ҡ

ĪҪġ
ĴָĦĦ°͵Ӳ磬ŵӲȻʧȡ֮ᡣ
ˣֻżЩаġ

üһظ㾡½

óػǰ
´ЦһֱǸ˾ֵ÷ڱ¸ǰ̷Ǹϸ緢ˣ±ȳǿ

ЦЦŤͷֵܣҲСˣóɼˣ÷ǸܲŮˡ

ûлӦҵĻŤͷķۣ˫ȼӣǰȥ˵˾䣺ǣС˵ġ

ҳ̾˿ҵģǾͺˡ
ڴʱҸоһʹƵģ··ʲôӿ˳
æȸֽĴںãȹӲ飬ȻһСѪ

ȸŵþһʱ侹ǵʮ겻˵ԣеҸǰסҵӣ㡢ô˰

Īš
ҳȸһЦû¶ġ
ţŴϽ£ݸ֣üȥһ˳ǽׯѶүԭ;ʹˣ֮ǰԪˣͿסүƣΪա



*

ɫֿʼ꣬ζܡ

ظ̷Ĵ밲̥ҩ󣬾Ų˴ϣҶ˵ҲˣͷûѬҲû룬Ѫֻһֹסˡ
ʧһգ˲ȥˣͺãҲ֪ܲܰסֻϣҶӱҡ

ʱĽ䰲ݽ̽ң˵빬ʱ򣬱ѵ

Ľ򷴸οңʮǰľ£֪˶ˣ˵ڵ͸˳˱谺ǸͿ÷ӣ˭ֹǱٲˡ

ӦǻظȥжĶ£ġ



ͷԲƵţĴŻ꣬¯Щ㡣

ڴϣֻϷȸ±һĽ綼ˣϲԵѼӣҲϲţ⣬δ

ҳ̾˿Ըȸ硣
ڴʱͷO@ĽŲûãӱִŶүˣͷԳʪԴŴǼӿŲϻġ

ϡӹɽʣͷףƤɳڣ˰ߡ
һ͹¸ҿͷﺬᣬңϳų壬ߵʺ


ǰ㣬˰ѶϣùȥүӶ˲

ϴ֣ͷˮʪȥ󲽳ߵСϣӹȲ裬ڣžʹЯҩóҩȸյ˵ۻ軨Щ塣

үӣɺã
ʡ

öá
Ϸ˿˿ָȥЦϳڷ羰ׯ꣬ʱ飬ӹú˳졣ⲻСѳ̽ϳδ
˵ϺȻͣסŤͷԸȸƹͷš

ϵ֮⣬ȸסͷĪҪ˽

ȸߺֶ׵ߣʣôϣʺ̥󲻺ô

ҡͷƬ̣ʣǲǳʲôĶ

ûа
һ죬ִ۵Сۡ
ԴкһֱСɿڣӲ̥Ķ

ϳƴˡ
üʵʵ˵Դ󣬱͹ʱ̥̫ȣǧ˼ȣӣʳϢձá

š
ҵͷж⻰ŵĵʱ¡
һ¡
̾˿ЩӱͲ̫ãԺдϤźţ˭ֱ֪ˣѪԣЩסڸϣҲ

ҺͶ˵ʱͷȸľү

һ⣬ʱֱӣˣ

ʱҿһǰһˣͺ
ʪģڷճϣëϲ֪黹飬⺢ӵͷԭأȭͷ߬ס

㣬ҵҲܡ
ʱӱסźӣĪҪʶĸףΪСĸףǲǺͿһأðһΣȥͷϴ

ĬãǶȥҺﵥ˵仰

˶ߺֻʣ

Ұ׵ӽ¯оɢһҵҩζ

ͷһߵҸǰߡ
ûпңԼķ

̧ȥеĺۣƺչĺۼ

ôˣ
ץסӵ֣ŵʣôŪã

ȥگһ÷ݡ
ҧгݵؼ⼸֣أͷңʣҪ˵ʵңǲ÷奵ģ

һֱŶӣԸһӶҪᡣ
ɡѽȰңҺúõӹͨ

ǡ
صصͷ

ԭġ
ЦжʹشĵĺۣסسȻصȭͷԱߵСӣʣ涾ɱ÷ݵĸף

ǡ
ұۣʻȥϡ

Ӳᣬͷŵؿҡ
Һæͷ

ôĬš

ãʵﲻǶɱõˣǺǸϣҲ³㵽Ϊʲô޸÷奣߶ô

һֱû̧ͷһһŵڱϣ˿̧ͷͷãﶼ㡣

Һؽȵ۴ͻ顢ҰɱұСߡ¸߶ӡ
ְѹӹǸ϶ܾ̾˵ӣ
ҸԼļ--żū裬·ϱѺ͹Ĺٲ߶ӣ
ҽ÷奣κ˼ʮ꽲ӣ
ҸνӽѣܵܣСʱαϺǰȫ˵ӡ

ԭΪӻŭ߻ʲôķӦɴͷβܰûдҡ

ҷ֣ӵĿԽԽ㣬ԽԽݣҲԽԽ侲

˵ҳĬҲ

ĩˣҿЦӣ㣬᲻׶е߳ܣ

˼ͨһ򵽵ϣͷ˵һڵϣӾҲȻֱӣҹסҵ˫ȣңޣֻʮ꣬δδֽȳܿˡ

Ҳ£ӲδΪܡ

ĦŶӵ΢ʪĺڷ

ڴʱԶȻָߵţ

ūĸɶӺŵϢ·̫ƽ




186.     

186--·ϣ

ﲻ̫ƽ
һ⻰, ·ӭͷһƹֱӣ崰Ǳ˵

ûһ, ͺͶų塢ֵ˽, ͷŸʮ߰С̫࣬ǺĸɶӺš
С̫ݸ߰׾, Ũüۣźܻ, Źû̧ͷֱ, 򵽴ǰͷ, ʪ͸, ˮӺڷʣ۳һСˮ, Ųεε䡣

ô£˵
ְסֱĿڣæʡ

кŵСֱ̫, üϵˮŵĸү, ŵ, ū˾൱, СȫӸŸүźү, ʱ, үȻع, ū澺Ȼڼ, ŽҪ̷£üʱ߶Сȫһ, ԼŻ͡

˿ĭԴŴŵūʰ꣬ŵ˱ʱԶԶƼؽСȫӵ˿£Ϊ˲ǽкֱ˹κȫӽ̫ˣҲһգ۵Ĺ򡣡

һ
šСȫЩȫ˾ģ˺ĸƽǳҪһ֣ЩȻҶЩƷ׵Ļ¹٣ǳˡ

Ȼأ
ǰ㣬ʣôˣأ

ŹǰūһʼֵֻƽУⱨԽԽԾûǰȥæȥڹñҹɫģƵſȦȻǳˣԭֵǸ˾ɽȫ˱˾ˣеŽҲȥ


Ҽ֮ǰ΢йѺݺݵǰ룬ȫȥŴ١
˵ʻòôãӦ綼ظˣôûϢ

ҹµܲѰġ

ʱǰһҵūøϽعһˣǧ

Ļδ˵꣬ͷʹҼٵĽŲţȸȹ˺

̹ôĵӣδͨ⾪Żʺ

̾ŵۼ˱µģͷŵ·˶λùûվԶЩ

ҵʱסѵּ
µĺüͷҵūȥ׷˺¡

˵⻰ѸɶӺŶߵ˼䣬ֽ߬סڼ˳ȥ

Ҳ˲Դ̥һƿӣЬеСŸǰ͸ľǽķ϶⿴

ʱվˡ
ҸϵĹˣվŽŵĴӵ٣ûҴ˽Ѿס崺ſվ߰˸ڹ٣Ϊ׵Ǹǲ̾ӡ

̾һŷһָ߾ۺõľȫȻûС͵ǫվñֱͦΣ߰°ͣӸڹ٣תȦܣưضźЦֱǰ壬ʣ

أôӱµͣ

ǰһס̾ӵȥ·÷²̾ӣȵôĵӣֱʺң

ǣūðʧˡ
̾Ц˼Ժʱһ´źͣ½ּ

ۣϸϵּӡɫ䣬ڵء

̾ӹЦźͣȨı˽ָӡһְɱ˾顣

ҵʱס
ЩһֱСĽΩհź󹬺Ȩ˹ļɻ䣬֪ȸҵĸŮϲҲ׽һֻͨҽӣǧͻз⣬˵Ȩı˽ŵġ

ȻҲˣҪվ̾ӣɹ˼ͣѾһ£ϸ˼Ƭ̣幬͢ķ˿ͷݺ᣺ūźʮ꣬δԽذ벽ūҶԱκԹԣɱ˾ǸܰѰ״ɺڵĵطūǵ˱¸ǰ飬Ըڴ˴Ա

̾һ㶣ת˼أЦ֪ūԾּˣҲ˵Ӳյ֣ȾԼԩǱۼҽʥա

ȭͷ߬վּȻָ̾Ӹǰվŵһڹ٣ȵ죡ǼŲ̾ϴǲڱ¸ǰԣۼң

Ǹ̫һ𣬼ɤӳʳ˭أԼ޹ߣıʥСүԪ˭εģԪ˭ѧ¶ϲͼ£Ѿ

δ˵̾ӷ־͸̫һ⣺죬ͬ˵ô
̾תСָϵĽָбɭɭЦɺ飬ʲôԩܵ¸ǰ˵ȥ

ĲԽˣٸô꣬ôᶾѣ
ڴʱųվˣ˼ص´ȣҪȥ¡
ּۿ죬һסų죬

Ķסͷˡ
̾ٴڼ䣬ЦǷ̼

̫ͻȻһû˳˼·ʶңܽ

ǰȥ̾ӽͽˣҪߡ
ʱӴһ.崺Ҳϣƿ˳ȥ

̾һЦԭүҲģ

Ӳʣˡ
ԣϲ̾ӵĻͷ

̾æЦ⡭Ҫͬ˵Щأūֻͣ˭˭Υء

ž

ֱ˲̾һӣʱŭˣָָŲ̾ӵ棬˻˵ˣ岻ʣ޷
˵һѾס̾ͷķ޵ʲôǷ鴫ͣҲ̤ʺңûйأ㣬»˵ʲô

̾Ĩ֮ɫƤЦⲻЦ⡢⡭үĪūҲֻǴͶѡ

ү
æǰץסĸ첲Ȱ֣΢΢ҡͷüΥּ۰ͨӲʵģҹūһ빬ʥ飬ū컯ūˡ

飡
ס֣ȻԸߡ

û¶
ݸЦתԪ֮жۣ˾ϰаģūʶ˲壬ְĦ򣬱̧ٵź£û뵽ҡūһ̹̹ű¾С˲ԡ
Ħ֣ЦүſϸźʺҪ

ᣬˡ

ûһͱ̾ӵ˴ˡ

ٴλظɲȴͷŵһģˤÿַס

ϼȹϵϣһظⲻ˵˵ôҶⱲʵأôҶ£ƽ¿ӣңλ̫ҽ׵ˣŸҸãżҰʮˣȫȻô

ʱһֱŵĶżǰ޵Ҫȸүģ̾˵綼ȡү֮ڱ¸ǰץԣˣԴϻ˽Իүֺүʼүݲūǰȥˡ

鵽ʲôˣ
æʡ

ָ죬֮ūǲ鵽̾ƺޱ֣ڲ֤ݣû뵽¾Ѹү

ޱ
Դһը̼ǵõϺȥһŕDDFFʱ̾һظ·˼䡣
̾˵ýвޱܺãͷȥպүΪūպү³Һ󣬸Ůвֱ빬Ϊūоãͷ˵ñȵүһӴӾˡ
ҵʱ̷̾һЩӣúðá

ޱޱպΪūҲܡ

ô˵̾ǰЧ谣

ڼֱ飬⳶˼紩ϣߵңĴӣʣ¿е˾ּ

æʱûУ½ֻ΢ػû˵

ְס۵СŤͷ֣ǸڹҲвˣ̣û˳Ϣ

ּūķԸѰȥˣظδǼ̫๬𡣡

ô˵ڳ׷ˡ
ҵϣԸӣǸ˾ֵ㰵д̽һ£ûл÷Ϣ
ҷԸ֣̫ͻȻôƶ͸Ź죬ȥϽȥﴢġ䰲ġԬ

ǰסңüҿ׸ͲˣҲ谵ʦ
ת˼Ƭ̣÷






187.  ҹ   šǡ

187--ҹ

ȶ׵, ˶ߺ󣬾ֻʣ
ź̾شߣȸѾ˹ȥ, ǾԪ׹ư, ֪ߵѺ°, һҪѺƽȳ

ء
ӴͷɥСϣһ, ˫ط, Ƶĺݺݳ˼Լ, , ͵ͷң, ޵ֱң

ҵ˺, źһӵˣ˵ɾͻ, ˵, ô޳˰, ˵᲻Ѿ£

, ޵ҧͺ, ɱŨǵ, ҲŲ˼ʲô̫/ѵ, ˲ɱұҪаѺҵˣ, ң

סӣһ﷢й
ޱҪһˣ¸׻᲻֮飬¸׻⡣

ҲţҵסԼ
ĦŶӵıʲôڶ֪﷽Ÿ˵ȥ£Ҳ֪Ǹģ˭ϣ¡ɶӣǶ򾲣ԲӦ䣬ۺõĻǻĿܣùǵ㳤ˣѾܶһˣһֱǵСľͷʱ侲



*

ҹԽԽֿʼ꣬˷ġ

һѣ˸٣ûʲôʩͿ֬˫ۻסڻ֪š˶ٸء

ҺͶˣʱóóȻ빬ϵּӡױдҲųĿܰ鷳ľǹգ֪淢ʲôѵƽǱЮˡ

ҴδôҹʱиѾͷҶѣҷֱ֮Ӵ򷭣Ѿͷһ⣬˼䣬

֪ԼУżϻҲ侲ô侲

Ҵӹҵմ£һһĦϤСζǸõͷظ֣ѲѾȥ˰ɣ

ģԸͿˣҪɱ׽ˣҲ¡
ǸͿġ

Ѱ㵽ôˣ

ҲܰݽǴˣֻܳöǲע⣬͵͵Լĸ첲ʹԼ侲侲

*



̫Ǿ¶ıʥҪ˵ɽͬһسǣּ븮ϳ±ͽסڿ͵ŸյϰҽӼ£ϳǸǶıģҲһ飬ҲǺõġ

Ӧ׼ˡ

ҹԣһӿ򴵵ҡһΡ

ϳ¡
ԭ׼ڵ磬鷳˳ȥˡ

յƣϰ˸ɫӲˮ¯ȼ˺ŵ㡣

ҸϣͿȸһݸߵ˽ǳɣʮȥϳĲ仯ĿţɫԲֱ֣ͷŰȣˣһ͹¿ͷͷңЦ

ɸʺ밲ඡ
ϳ۾ϷңȻЦ겻绪ɣһ죬Ϊʺˡ

ǸϤǻϤϳ¡

Ҹæ˷ϳ£˳ں˼䣺Щӿɻ˳ġ

ϳСָͷƤӹŮĲ裬˿ڣϸ׵ӣЦ˵ܱŮƤվɸȥ󸮿ĸСҲඣСҶǸ޶رҪͷģ˳ϳݣû뵽ճûԶ׷˹ˣѾͷôཫʿӵ˵ҹմͯҪץҡ

ϳ·˸۶ûϳ£ĶǼ޶ңҵǿɸء

ϼҪͷлҳֱɳɣϵܣ㻹˵Щǰһ빬°ɡ

㼱ʲô
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˵ϳֻǼ˲˾䣺Ȼʲô£ɳʰһǺ£ƨ

֪ϳ¿ҵĽǣҷַģ̫ꡣ

ϳڣҵҲ˼֡

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ʲôˮھǡ

Ҳʱͷ󼱴ҴҵĽŲӰ˼Уѹѹˡ

дӡĽﴢġѧӣֶǰ÷奣䰲ӺεԶүμĺûӪפڳ֮μҪگؾ˵ҪڼһؽҪĶ˴˵վߡ

֮⣬Ķˡ

ףվ󣬼λȦϣſڡ
·ϣȻ֪ȥӡһְ֮£ڹٳ˻˼ʮɵ֪ĿǰƽʯӶѾһشˮǰöԲߣǾֻ׸

է

Һ˿ˮ´ɨȦˣüλĿ谺÷ģѣñлظȥ֮¡

Ľ˫ͱɫأ䰲÷奣ͷȵı壬һֱ̼ǳ̾Ӵͷ˵еʱ麣·ضг

ָ棬üҲ˵ʱﻹʣ±¡·谡˾÷١
˵ҳȥʣû絽÷

ҡҡͷԺŵǣûУŽգֻӬɲֵ֪÷ǻ

˳Ĭÿ˵

ƴԼţĻ˺

һƺЩϷֱӽͷ˺üյơ

ҵͷطϣָٵ

ԭű˲⣬ɲ̾ӷűױˣͷӡ˵ް
ȭͷ߬ŵɺһϯֵңʼԿ٣Ⲣ֤һԱ֣֮˼ǡµʵ̫죬ʲ̾ӣԺʱи̫û§סѿڶ˵ٶ£Ԫ֮¡

ҵԽ죬ڿڸ
˫ͱָ׺ݺݵץԼĸ첲Լ侲üȣλǾʮǰǳ׹ưģʱԪ޶֤ܲǴȥźǰҩģҲҩĲ¥ųʮǰ׫дġ¶ͰѶżҸӳˡ
ΣԪΪһֺðĦ򣬱εͳְˣ󡭡

쳤ӣǸ׷ԲԵѮ˶ų壬ŵ󣬱δسǰϸ죬ʱ޷үϤĵֵܡǱΣԼԼǶżҡԽȥ󣬽žǵһֳа˰÷顢·ˣ¾Ǳˡ

ҵĻ˵꣬˳Ĭ

÷奸ɫɷףһԲȥ˺ƣһһغȣδ̧ͷȴ͵͵ҺﺬĨΣͶڷ꽫Ǿ塣

ͬĿ
÷奴ƳĬѿڶ˱ƣ޵ӵʱͲĴ͸˸ϣ
˵÷𣬾˾ƱԼ⣬Ϊ»£׹ưƱǣ㣬񳯾ȶϣô¶ˣ̫ƽ򣬱֮ǰδй˵ͷζʲôζҪ䷭ôܰԼľƷ붼룬ǵ˱£飬ǣͷҹ

ĽﴢסðĲ豭Ҳ˵˾ֻаԣ
Ľ򲻹˲̣˹˺˺üڣü÷˱ŹǣԼǡҲÿĿܣǱǱЮˣϢǲ֪ͷ׷ʲôǿд׸˺ǱްǴǵͬıƽ

䰲Ӧǰ㣬ʵҹóҸʵɽʥһ̽

ԡնǱ£ʲô˵÷˵ʲôʲô

䰲ʣ£

˿˵Ҫҡ

ôᣡص˦ӣ׵ȱߣȻǲԸֿܣ޵Ըö˶˵طΪôܳϦģ

ȱ𼱡
Ħļ򣬰ӡ
ʵֿܣһ޷ܡ

ӣ˵
˵Ȱӱ𼱣Լȴ᣺ʲôԣҪţ͵ܵĶӣҲֻһ͵ܵܲµġôһ죬磬ĥһô档

ͷķƺСЩ¯ƺҪȼˡ
ϴƿŵĵܲסĴݲУȫڵء

ָĨᣬȹĽλкο

˳Ĭãʵﶼˡ
ʱĽȿڣվҹ£˼ǵȫշ£ضЧ

÷붼û룬ҲŹ

䰲ѧ񡢵ԶҲ£֣سŵҲǡ

ʱһֱûôڵĳɺȻŹһЦ

ϳķϣֻǺȲ裬һԡ

״æүүǲʲô뷨Լˣ˵޷

ϳһЦȦܣ٩٩̸׾죬һپ١һ𣬿϶֧κжġպͿκвң֪ǱӢ䣬ذܣԲʱбȫ¼ңǣκͶ˱¡

һʱûӦĽҲĥϳµⷬ䰲ֱӷʣ㵽˵ʲô˵Щ

ʱ˿ʣүү˼ǲСԼҸ·

ϳ¹Цû

ҷ·Լ֪ϳʲô˼·ͻȻǸøԼ·һʱ벻

ʱȻ֣㣬˼Ƭ̣üôţҺ׵ڳӦһУߣ˳ȥƽǸִԼ

ͷԭš˼أݺץ˼ԼͷȻһŸ׵ΪˣɷҪǸǵⲻ⣬ҪһҲѣԺָܵϡǵģҪףһʱҿ϶DFߣҲǡ

һʱ䣬˳Ĭʵúܡ

еĿܺͷչǶƲһ飬ҲӦ֮ߣԼ·
񣬾͵Ľسҹܼ̽ܲѡ

ֻϣֻǸᣬͻȻЦ⹷ı̽ʲô

ߣǸ⧲Ρ
ѺҵɷӶúõģʲô¡




188.     ֣

188--

ҹú, ǸԿʼж

Һߡ

ô˾ʮĸֳӣѧͺεԶֶͷ, һŕDDȥҴʷ˼, һŖFFȥѰлϵıӡ

δߣ˵ԼǸ߼ҵֶ, ӦһС

Ľ÷奡䰲Ǳߡ
ۿҪԪ, ֶ͸¶Ź, Ϊ˱ⷢơ֮䡱, ÷, ҿɽŲ̾ӵᵽ±¶ıɣҹٹ, ̽ӡ



ˣٹﲻ

Ҹڹ, ʱﴫϢ
˵һʼݳ˵岻, κˡ
⾲ŵĽӡԽԽ, ڶεݳ, ǳ˾ʲô, ճ˵
Ѿм²Ա, ˵ʹŴĻѵû壿뿪, ٶ, Ҫƹһʱ䳳壬ܲӡ

ԽˣԽԾ, ˵ֳôĶɱ麣·Ӱ

Ľ÷ǣͷ˵׸༸λ飬̨ԺƷسԹ£µҪ£Ҫۿƽ

ʱڿˣǰᡣ



һҼֱѰ

ĽǽһϢûУɻţȻδɢȥߵʱ˯Ժ͵һ䣬֪£뿪ңҵؿޣקˡ

ҲֶĶˣ÷û



ҹɫȥ֪ˡ
ǽʰ޴ɨ˽ˮɫСʳѾɢ˵ζ

ڴϣϸűûθڣĸһӿ˰ѷʳȥֻҵˮͺá

ʱͷˣŸʳУߵСϣʳ˳࣬ףҵݹȰɲģٵģҲܰԼӸ۵ˡ

š
ҵͷ׼ӹԣһŨζӭֱڱ꣬ûסæƿ룬Ŷſڴ߸Ż˻

ôǣ
ϽJ֣ߣҵıǵʣҾͿۣɫҲãȫҩζǵʲôôǻȥ˵Ǿɼôˣɲӡ

ҡͷЦЦ

ʱһԵǰ
׵̷ڣŤͷЦүĪҪģǻʺˣŮ˼ڶڲ̹ԭʲô¡

ô
ϲ۷Ź⣺˵ҺܿСܵСˣ
ţӷҿϣæЦʣ֪¶ô

š
ҵͷ֪ģǰͷӶûס£³⣬ʱȲ˵

˵ĵڣ˵÷˵ϰݼ

һ⣬ˣ


һӣӰβߴֹŮǸϽźҴ¡ױ

ԼĪһյĹҾȫʰ׵첽е͵ԺĽ綼ڵˣ˲ˣ÷奡Ľ䰲лҦԼļλɡԱɡ

˴Źٷϳƣ̬йȵľ͵ǣǶȥĲ跹һڶûãķϣ֪ʲôҺˣæվ


һѣеף˳ȥ磬λϲ衣
ٴδȦˣɫ죬ء

ô
ü죬Ӳǰ㣬ʣűô

ҷǵͷ͵͵໥󣬻Ľȿ˿ڡ

үĪҪģˣЩ޴󰭡

ҵʱ˿û£תͷΪҪɰᣬ˺ӡְ֮ѲڿⲼʲô֣

ﵽ׷˺£
ҵϰ£˿Ȳѹæʡ


ĽЩԥͷЩݡ

ôˣ
ӣҲ˼֡

ǳ˵ա
÷奷ڳԵĵģվںϵм
ɫܲÿδ˯۵׷ڣѪ˿ɼǵؿһۣ
ձ岻ʣ̫ҽԺԺжٵǰΣʱ˵ɵԪһ±飬Ԫ֮ԳԶ֮ų׫дġδʱͺͶųн飬߿϶顣

ҵ˿²ĹȻû

Ȼأ
üʡ

÷ȻҲһ֮ɫԥã֮£°ܣǸ²¶òͲذ״£ҿԣø첲µһŵգ´ŭٱ֮ϣżȷʵȷʵｻǳҲʶԪͺ˾÷ʧʧְѾְ졣

ҵʱŭϵĲյȫڵϡ
ҶʶĶ٣ٳĬʵҳϣôܻдѣôſڿ˵ʶԪֱ˼
л÷ѺŴοޣô˵Ͳ죡

ʲô˼
ȭͷ߬ӣѲɱҪƽأź˱ʮ˶ˣ¾
ıԽԽأ˼ڣԼƽͲ°뵽ˣüˣʣȷ˱£

ʱڳԵͷóĬңⶼġ

ĪҪԼӡ
Ľæʹ˸ɫĦ˳˳
ﴢĺ˼裬˫ͱ˫ĵ͸ŹӺŵ̺ϵĵƣŤͷңͷʾұš

ȿҪᵱԪ׹ƾɰñ˾ȫȨ÷˵Ĳƽʮ꣬Ѿӿƽƽپһ׹֮Ԭ׸ǣͷȸ飬ڱ¸ǰ°

÷æñ˾Եűµͺ·˼ˣŽʼԪ̲ʹ¡ʷ̨˾˾Э

˵˵ô
ûסǳ˾䡣

ү÷ҡҡͷεѾǳĿǰȡõĽˣ룬׹ƾɰᣬƱػᡭ

ˣȲ˵ˣ֪÷龡ˣĶˡ
ǰǵʣǴںδ

÷æأڻڱ˾УὫᵽ̲С

ڴʱһֱĬĻҦ˼
´üͷ˸񣬴ԸֱһǣӲ£ҲµʲôȨֱӷʣ
ţñۣүѧҵ˵ʱղҲ֪үǸҵ֮ˣðһ䣬үǷ÷֮÷ݴˣ

ҵʱס÷ˣ

ʶ÷ȥȻĨˣƤҲ£ͷһԲ
Ťͷȥ˴ľ΢ţ˺ðŷӦǰԼ⣺

ûɱˣ
ö䶼ˣСĸףҾǹȥһ٣˼仰ˣߵʱúõģôᱩУ
ܿ췴Ӧһ˹ɱ÷ݣҺ÷Ķ

Ҧϸ˾䣺ү÷ʲôģɻǵã

Ƭ̣æ˸̹͡ͱΡЩط֪ҪȫܿҪģģҦ飬һҪңҸҶ췢ģ˵ѣұ

Ҧã΢ͷָͷָԼĺף÷ݱ̹кױͷѣԽӶˡ˵үûκ˽룬÷˵ߺ÷ݱУ൱ҡ

ҦתۣĿƵؿңµ֪£񳯻ϲȻŭϴүֳųһԲϲɱس֮ӣ֮үڱ˽Գսºǳ˲б顢ս֮ˣ䱻ΪպȨƱػ𳯸ٶ𢽫

ⷬ˷·Ѱ㣬͸ˡ

һʼΪľ֣߱ʲô飬룬Юְˡ
ôسۼ˰ųⷬȫΪңҲʼ

⡢⡢ûе
ǱСģǰ˵ޣҲνĦӵļ飬µĶӱ谺ڿѺ

ô˵Ļ

æȻԼģѪӿͬһֻըëСֱӳҦȵ

˵ôң

Ҹʹ˸ɫǽס¶ˡ
ҧ⣬Լȶ÷奵ҵ֪ģ˵ûɱǾûɱ
ţһȦˣüʣɱˣҪô

䰲һأæĪҪżڱɱˣҪȥ׽ʱȵվ޶֤Ҳ˵ɱߡһ÷˽ͨʺһʱʱû׷һ£

ʱҼֱһͷ治ţѾԴ
Ҽ䰲µģһֱرңԿڡ

ʲôǱġ
ҿĽǿסܣֱӷʣʷˣ˵

Ľ·ҲݣǵؿңǸ½շ

ʲô
Ҿﲻѣ˲վ

Ľͳӣסزöϵ亹ڳˣ⡭⡭
˿ĭңСҹŮ˵˾䷿Ůòܸ衭һˣһ˳ݡ

ҵ·˴ƵģҹŮô

˵ô
ǿסᣬȦϣʣһ˭

Ľ̾˿һźŮ֣Ȼ˰˸µУȽҲˣʣģĵ̥ܿ°ס֣˵˶֣˲ڽǸøˡ

֣֡
ƴ룬ôѾͷźˮʮ꣬ģͦˮģ˵мСʱӡ
һǰֲĴ˲յŪʪһݺҪľ࣬һ֮£Ѿͷ˳ȥ

ôԭȻǿܿң͵͵ݲؽѾͷ˰˸£϶Ҫˣ֪

ðѣģ

Ȼǰһڣͷͬ˴һӣιȥʲô֪ˡ




189.  ˾   Լȥ

189--

Ҳ֪Լ˯˶, ģεǰ÷ʱûû˵ӦԺӵ澡
Ϊɷ, Ҽ̬, аٳò׻ϸ, ˭֪÷奲֪ĸͷ磬˵Ӳ, סҵ, Ҫҹ̥ҩ

һ, ˲侪, ֻǸجΡ

ͷģ󼹱ҲȺ, ¿ȥʱڰβϣǳ, ɴϣڼεСŸǰŮ, ʰױ̨֬ˮ, , æ», ߵ, ŮϽһ¶ˮ

˰
ִӺ߽ҷ, ͷ, ʵǻȻεˣɰūˡ

ͷЩԺҰ˰, ĪҪģ֮¶Ȼ˼֡
ʶͷСǰ㣬ǵʣӡûɣ

ûûС
ְ򵽴ߵĽ̤ϣ̷ˮƹˣ˵ֻǼģ֮һҹδ˯˵̼ιȥˣеĺް

˿͵Ľϣ˵Ԫ׹ưǰ̫ҽԺԺжųйأ⻰¶ɣŴɱѣÿڲ໤ݣһ١
ô˵ϱѲǳ¡

Ұ޹ؽҪŮȥѹʣүأ

ġ
ְסҵ֣ūүӰ׵ˣصеؼ

Сҡͷ̫ˣѲ飬ǽүӴǸұšһأϱͺԪûκιϵ겻д˱ˣ˭ϵ͵ģӰбǰţҲᱣϵף򣬶϶ҺдʱΪ±ۣͲİΣǻô

ʳָŷʹ̫Ѩֺ˼ˮͷŽϵĻƣ޺޵շֱ̫࣬˼֣ЩͬЩѾͷ˵һĽ÷˼ңҲ˵ƽԪ㻹ûź򱾹ҪʼϺȵԤ׾ǲżһеĴСѾͷΪ楣ʱҲǶƱУǼٵİֻΪ˺ϺĿӡǰΪ󣬺Ųӣ͵ַһޣƺ֣ɡɡ

˵ȥˡ

ּˣḧҵı̾˿ūҲš̥Ǽٵģͷϵˣɡɹλ²а˸µˣʷ˵˻̥·ǡġ

ﷳƼˣ˾䣬ͷᣬ̲ס᣺ԴҺ󣬴δҹԵŮˣһĶжӣҾˣв͵ȵè˼ǻʵģ縺Σ϶Ҫ㿪󹬵ģͬװ׵˵αô͵͵ģɡƽյΪ˴£·£ҪŪˡ

οңͷ£üͷǧǧ˺üΣ·Ҫ˵ʲôֲ˵

֣˵ʲô
üʡ

˼ͷӺ߽ػסңǻεˣִϢȼйȻָ֮λ


ҵͷҪѿˣһƿӣ´ѣθϮ
ôҪȥƽô
ҳŽţšŤͷ֣¿ɲ˳Ѱң

С
Ьңǻˣ˵ɣӲʹ죬˽ǽžۣ˳˵ߵݡɵʱ̥˹ȥðᶯ˸򷢻ȥˡ

üʣɲڣôӦԹ˵ģ

źҴЬæū˵ղ̹Сүڣ㽫ȥɽׯ̫ǶСסȥˡ

š
ҵͷ
ضɣѵЩС˵Ļõʹ˿ƣԪͶϵˣ裿֪˿ƽһ˫ʱϺͳΪ˰ҳȥ䣬вָ¶۵һҹͷ
Ϊˣ
Ҽױ̨ǱȥץľӣæͨԸ˽ױ¡

ܱº«ʲôҩҪͬúùͨһ¡
ŮʪӲʣȸأô

ֻصӱ˾ת̲ĴУѾͷžͳȥˡ

ҽϵ£ſ˫ۣŮҴüýʱ·˾ҲȥƣкСɡ



*

µ޵˵ͱ㡣

绹꣬Ȼ磬ʪ·ܿ챻ɹɣҶӱĲ˻

ɸϵʹӵ·ݣҳ˼š

ͷյգֳճûһҾȵòˣֺСѾͷһȷ磬ҲӺͺ󱳻˲ٺ

ĸַȥʱȱ߷ŸʳУװ˳õѼʻȣȫѰԵġ

ʮͷʱҵ֪˸楣󣬶ִűӿһޡ
ʮˣ֪һӷŮΪҸ侲ңҲúúùͨһΡ

ڴʱȻͣˡ

Ⱥͷ𣺡˾ˣүȸ÷˶ڣС̾ӡ

֣ǲ̾ӡ

֪ˡ
Ӧȥƿ

ȥʱ˾ſΪ֡˺ܶࡣ

ˡ
Ȼεȸվϻ£վʮ浶һɵĽǹƹùãǿװ򶨣סصȰοȸ

ҲվŲ̾Ӻ÷奡
̾Ӵڹٹٷͷɴñѧʦǰ㣬ŰһĴ⣬վƷ׵˾¹١

÷ഩŹٷŵźѥñ綼˲ȺһӲãһЦźͲ̾˵Ȼ̬ɫ㶼ǰᡰԪȨˡ

ҵķˡ
˽Ťͷ߿׷׼߹

ӣ÷奿վԶЩѹ̧ͷ
̾С鲽ǰ˦£ϵյó棬дЩţϥ¹˫۾ȱߵʳϣЦ

˵岻ʣôĳˣ̽ǽʥ

ùСȣƵҡ

ʱеǰָ½ϵĳ۲̾ӣʲôҲҴ١

̾æԼЦԭūԽˡ

պȻˣ˵˾ſվ˰ˣ˭˵붼

̾תż£ɻʣô˻Ѻۼҿҽ󣬻ûعźء
÷奸ЦǻЩûаףٵȵȡ
̾ӵͷбҺǳЦ÷г÷֪ô½︹еС˸ء

⻰ʱһ⡣

÷͵ңʣﲻǻδô֪ӡ

̾Ц̫ҽֶθһ֪Ůԭӵǽģ˭֪£˵˻ر꣬ˮ׵ĹѨҪϽȥݡⲻ±ԸСȡ˸¡


÷奵ʱסƤЦⲻЦǲǺүô

û̾üһЦ÷奵֣ʳָ÷奵д֣ǡ³¡Ǹ£˵ˣͺϲ֣үʱ֪ôӣֻܸȥٵһ㽫´͸Сӡ

ܲζôڴҺ

ҲδЦ䲻ô⣬ȭͷȻ߬ˡ

ڴʱ˾ﴫһO@Ųܿ죬ͷִܳ崺˶ֱֱࡣ
߳ǿͦˣ࣬ڣţ׺ѹŸʮ̫ˣǺ

һһҹĹ򣬺ֱ˸ˣ
ͷģѪɿ飬סͷƤϴӴʮеļ˫ֵָĽмĿĵıˣ˿ڴѪʮָָ綼ι⣬ƺҲܹ̣Щ㱣ѵһߡ

飡
Яȸȥ
䲻ȸǱ˻Ŀ޺ţ綼棬۵Ľҧס´ȸ˾סǿֺ

ʲô
ŭ־һ⣬֮ʣģ
תŤͷŲ̾ӣ˹

̾ƺʢˣӱܵһ̫˦·ЦūҶԺأȫǱµּ⣬϶úܣһҲС

ãø̫ࡣ
ŭ˵֡
޿ֱ̣Ӵг崺һֱָ̾棬ҪﵶʱҲ֪ĶֱײһһС˲䵹ڵء

飡
æסˤû
ӽʹ£ץڵϵĵҪ

𶯣
ٴκֹ
̱ڵϣϴżضǰȸ˫ѪᣬȼѵǰΣһЦСľͷڳˣū˵úܡ
һֱڿ·Ҫ⺢μ˻ƣȰūңңһ£ƵĲУģôȻô࣬㵼䣬ūµˣţūǱ¶үТ˳ĺӣɶʹıĴץסİѱ

ţȸѹصͷʹ࣬̾˿Ⱳӣ±١

˵ʲô
ȸʲôҲˣֱӱסͳӣظϵѪʣ۲

Цҡҡͷ

ȸǿסʹĨȥᣬȻһЦ֮ѱĥѪģĲһ鲻˺ȹӡ
Ǹ¶Ÿĸֵȥģ㣬Ͳµˡ

ʱ̾ǰӸµؿźȸ˸ǧװᣬ̾ʦǺαأ֪գαһʼ˼ƹأˣĪҪٵˣϽա

ޣ
̾˿Ѫĭתüڵصǰ㣬ͼȥϵᣬүūǲˣٸ˵һūصĹͷֵ
˵Ťͷ̾ӣû̫ûĶ壬ƣֻɰǵū澡ܰǵˣ

̾÷ɨȥѵѪĭЦʦĻӿûڱ¸ǰ˵ĺû

û
ȻͿ۵˿ںѪضŲ̾ӣۼź˱һӣװƿҪʱЧ⻹ۼҵһʱ򣬽̸ĵ浱ۼҲ֪ۼҸս˾ʱ͸ۼ˶ۼһȥ̲գضаӣϢ˰ԺͶ˾Ͷ˰

̾ûϣҲûϣֻЦЦ

¶ˣ
һץס˫磬𾪵ʡ

һЦתͷ̾ӣЦūԱµ¿ɼ½ūū۾գһ¡ֻСҲɱӣǲУøۡ

̾ӱǿ׷мôԸۼң

ݸ㲻иýвޱôаֶΣǰͷ˸ŮֻˣӣĶҲ䵱׹ݣ

̾ɫˣʱô֪

ߡ
´ϵѪٺЦǽõȱ浱ۼҵҲҲ¸㣬ۼһµ̫µޱ㣬Ҳͦõġ

̾ȫȻû˷ŵưȻɷףؽҧϵˣûҲûۺסĵڣԱߵһС̫ʹ˸ɫ

̫⣬ȻѥӰγذףȥһ˺Ŀڡ

Ȼʧأؿڵ˲ͱȾ죬ȸ־ּһʱȻ˼ᶯסѾͷҲ֪Ķĵӣӷٰӣ̾Ӵȥ̾ҲͻĹŪˣǰצӦ죬ɻǳˣȸֱӴͷ

̾Ӵŭ֮ŵ֪ñţȫȸϣһȸСֱȸߵô˼ŵأιȥ

Ҳû뵽ᷢʲôҲ˲ϣϽȸȥ
ƶƶ
ҰڵأʵȸĲһи˶ӡһ

ҲʱʢŭĲ̾ӾȻеҸǰһְסϵ˿ڣһָȸ˾澾ıɱʹߣıۼҽι

ôӸϽȸϽظҴơ
һߵ̾ǰ˲̾⣬Ҷԣ

̾һЦһ˫ɺ죬ǿӲū澿Ǳġ

ȻЦ

ҵǵسӿȥʱؽûϢĺƽڵϣֲΡΡ̧𣬽ŭ˫ۺϣĨȥϵĲᣬޱص˵ӣӸ첲ϺȻѪӡ

סʲôʱܵˣ

ԽԽ䣬·һ˲䳤˺ü꣬ʰϵǰ崺ߵ̾ӸǰЦЦڲ̾Ǹɱ˺С̫࣬Ȼ֣С̫ͷ

Ѫˮ£סڱǣסġ


ǰ˼ӡ

ûңЦŲ̾ӡ

̾Ȼˣںˣ۵ϵĺǸС̫ʬףЦүūҲ֪ΪͻȻϮ飬гաūū澿Ǳģ

ߡ
崺ӵϣְס첲ϵǵѪӣͼ죬ڴɱѱնס
˵²̾ӵЦȥ¸ȥɣ̹һҪúöţԺӻء

˵⻰תɨ÷奺ˣԼȥ
ǰǿסᣬûпϵĺסҵĸ첲ǻظжǰҿ˭Ҷ㲻




190.  ҹ   һ

190--ָ

С

Сʱĺ, ҵļѾģˣϡǵͬ꣬ʱͿʼźѡ
ʱǸľګĽ, ǴֱСβ, ѵ°̫ܻ᲻ȵ, ֱͦͦǰˣð˵, ѹ¡

ʱ, ѳƿ, úǳ⣺»ٳЩ, ѹˡ

ɣľÿضײ, ҶźͷùЦҲ֪ѿû, ͸ˣ׷ź

СС, ܣ

һգ, ʮ͹ȥˡ

ڶμ, ʮǰ, Ϊջص
ʱҺھ¥˹ϵ, 峿, ڳĽͷ, 磬緢, ظҶ˵ˣ̫үġ

޷ݣǿнӱعܽӽӣֻʱԼôæŵģչһޣ
ѽص˺ϣƽԪͳСľͷĴ顣

̼ǵöӵѧﺰš衢衭һң˵еǺġ
ӱ¶ڹǰܺز飬ûŹκһıСľͷˡ

µˣֶ̫ɾΪСĽ͸ɶӲ̾ӣһ˾ӡһǱʣҲ֪ͷûѵȨ֮Ƕ˺ڽգ̾ӽ˲̾š



ˣϱǣһ˾Ҫ飬ʬ̲ͣȴ

Ҳ֪֪

ȸ˺ܴĴ̼

ȸԲȣ޲ЦɵƵģĿͣﷴ߶
ҵɵѾͷ빬ݼѵļƻһֱߡ
һסȸŸ㲻Ź̾ӵģնҪЩǧʲôɵ¡

ʵ֪ϰѺģѣû÷奵ڳϾºżȸһ档



˺º÷奱빬ʻȥˣͬһظȻûܴӴûĴѹһ˵СƵģԼ˫ֵѪã˵˾䣺

̫࣬ʲôڻʵߵĳѣǻʵ׽ˣ£ʵ۸ιʳһǵͷİȰȶһֳĶȮҧһڣ˳˺һ⣬˵Ū

ĩˣƿӣӸܲ£ȥ֮⣬ӪС֮ƵͯҲ

еˣñ߻š

ʱ÷奼ҵ͵͵ҸϱŶ÷ױдֽ

ֻֽаƴСּңȻ÷ںܽд˵ʹͬʱ빬δӣƫá
շ̫£Ҳ֪»ôʹԽԽĻţ͵͵ָŻʱĪ̫ҽΡ

̫ҽעĹ򣬴ӻͳ񣬻¸̵С̫࣬ô£
С̫͵͵˵ƻʺʹ£ܲˣֽ֣·˿ڹ˳ȥҪѪף֤ݡ

÷奴󾪣ѳԼθҪԵõҩ裬ճĴæЯ˵֪Ҫڹãӳȥȡҩ˳֪һˣܲؼˡ

Ż÷˲עĿնֽˣ÷뷨ӴԪ

ʱһֽĶˣѾȻʼݣ⺢ôģѵ֪ʱ÷奻ڱ̣ôܵ˽ͨӣ

Ϳˣ
ѵֻ֪ɻĥӰ

ֽ󣬸ŭɶ
ܾﲻԾҪ룬˾ˣǲ̾ӵצ죬빬˵Ҫ

ϣǽˮͽʵʵͷϡ
̣ͣѺ·ҲʱӪĽʿˡ

Ӳ磬ʱή˼֣Цүʲô˼£

ֻڴſڣ̨һһĥ䲻˵˾䣺ûʲôﲡˣЩֵ̨ܸӳϷ˵Т£ǷҪӵТĸ֮ģǾɱ˶Ӱɡ

˭˲֪մӱսԽɱӮἸ̫ࡢ

ۿնɱͬ飬ﵽη壬Ц˵ˣۼͻȥ¡



ҹɫһƮЩӡ

ֻ˼յƣԵЩơ
ȦϣһһڵغȰ̥ҩɬ࣬ʱࡣ»Ȧֻҡгɡϡ

ô£ϳµĸӣ˰̽

¯ĴӢ㣬Ұ׵ȵƮɢ

ڽȻףڱ˶С׻ȱ߷ŰѰ˳崺ֻضŵײȵķ

ʱүŹߵǰĦźӵıȰο˼䡣
үֱڿһӣ֮˳͢շôӵۣ˼µأ޵û˾أôݲ˹ıɱ˺Ѳɱ˹ǺͿ

ꡣʳָڴǰüŪۣ϶ҷʵۣҪˣ

ߣŭ໹ܻ죿СôˣбʣͿ飡
˵ң̾˿۵ѾͷడԭΪصƿˣ÷Ǹ뿪˶ﰡһѵߵ˻ʺ֮λϷۿСʮһˣ֪ȷ黹죬ǰŽݲؽžͿʼСľͷѪͳ⡢⣬ⲻǶ

˿ͷβʼռѶҵ壬ңǸˡ

ӣͿ㣬ˣ㻹ڵøϽΪԼӿǣ
Ϻ޵ֱĴȣݺ᣺ĽʱһζҩӣĸѪǹƳ棬ʱԥظѪô񾹿ʼСľͷӣ޳壬ʳܣ

ʱһֱĬڿڣҵȻӡ

ʲô
ϼ֣⻰ɲ˵

̧һһû˵ұͲǹλʵ۵Ķӣ

ԭҲˡ

ҴСDDĵЖFӰСߣĦԹԵDD͖FF˫ӣһģһ˺׽ϻ죬ֻ׸ĸһۿƩDDһС룬FFûУDD˵ֺ񣬖FЩDDТ˳ʵFͬ״

Ǵ֮ˣӦҵ֮⣬ȣƬ̣ô˵еɵ㶼ͨˡ
תɿʣСӣôԾģ

ḧʵǴǰ˵ĻʵһϾƷҳˣ˵ʲôҪعۼһ˭֪û
۾ˣ۾תǸ˵ʮ갡ͷϳ˼ͷָƣѾɻ󣬿ɻǲȷҺڰصڴƣңԲǰǷ

һʱ䣬˭˵նʱĬ

ɳ˿ģңأôģ

ҵĿ־ԽԽ֮ǰ˵ģԸңңҲϣƽ񡭡

ұͷᣬͷӲ̾ʱҾˣĽ÷ҹߵţװ׵ؼҵƷǰĲ²⣬û£ö˶˵ġ´硭

涵ؿϳ£ҲйӰ檵ˣʣһͬʮˣȻһҹıû֮ǰ˸谵ڽҷϵ׵£ˣ޹ˣȥǳ׶һȶ۹⿴ңѰԱ϶˳˼·ñ»ңôȻͲ⣬ΪΪ÷Ҹ»ƺҲ˳£ֻ֪¾жơ

ԽԽ£綼֪ҵĹȥδңô᣿ﳤ׹Ⱑô۰ӣô˵Ӳб顢սĻһʼҲΪıʲôֱӱ˾֪ûı֣ʵʵؿʼҺλܸͲ

ˣ÷βҶ罫ɴϨһյơ

һֱҺϺɫأȻǰһ˵˺üԭˡ
ԭš˺üأһģһ̶⣬٩٩̸ǸǼٵģһжͨˡ

üվľ棬ûлᱻΪ̫ӵģܸıʵ۵뷨ɱǸ־ǻ۾֮ˣѡСľͷž׸ı䣿


վ˫ֱ󣺡үү˵ĶԣΨһĻᣬƿػʵۣɼƿػʵۣǸ֮ˣģôһһģһĿȡ֮ٺʲˡ

͵شͷ̾ԹñƫСӣ˼·ȻǸ츳Ĵ

Լˣɽŵƻʵۣǿɲ׵£Ӧϣ˲ãƿأõ˵

Һ޺޵̾ӡк·

ĿԽԽǰҲͽΪιȻΪνȻӻ÷ʲôٴɱ£ʲôҴײȥȫЩ֪ɵӿģ˳³˾ȼݵĹң治Т

ұۣ˿
ҲΪεһԺ֣Ϊ˽ѵˣֻһ۾ֱܷ١
ʵҲˡ
ѵ壬Ŵ빬ǿɺɡ

Һͺǽ񲻳׽ǵģ

뵽ˣҺ󼹱һ亹ɵ¶ӣÿŶ̥ʵ̫ס˲ߣѾ˵ˣ

ǣ
ϳָĦűµĺ룬̾üһЦʵжأǳԷϺֵܻҺһ£Ŵ뻯ˣ˸ѿǣ˳ȥӴ˲֪٣ʱȥݵµֻ
ϳºٺٻЦϷ򿴣λʹҽж˵ɻ˲ϡ

˵ϳ¿ʣСӣܿ͸¶ʲô𣿡

ߡЦ˵໰ѿôһƣͷһԪ׹ư.޵.ĸƽ߯ѿҵƽ˱ѣѵŶģʺԼô


ϳ룬ʲôˣ͸ɾ֮ɫͷԶҪ͹֣ضмͿģ÷Сǰǰسȣ˺Ȩʱ⣬ͬµĹܱ֮йأ˵ͺ˽µճӣô÷˼Ǹˡ
˵ϳµǵؿң̾˿ӰƲôڣܿѾ

ϳûҰ˵

֪ʲô˼ݱ




191.  ָ   

191--ָ

һεס, ҷ·һ˲ʧȥϲŭ֣ҴӲ֣ҲԸܡ
Ťͷȥ, ֱͦͦؿǽվ, Ҳ˵ôӲǿĺ, СƵĿˡ

ȱҲˡ
ҳ˵仰·ѹǧʯ, µûţֻҪһûʬ, ҾΪ, ǻϸϸһ¡

һδ˵, ͷҼٵĽŲ

ʱСű͵ƿ, һľţ˸񣬸첲ָͷ, ˣ˵˿ǰǸ, д̺͡һ±, ǣ, ˾̫Ѳӷ, ӪĽʿִ, Ѿεˡ

úÿ, Ѳӷ, ͷӵأıñӰɣ

ȥѶϺͳүغá
ֱӣס

ֺͶϡߺ, ҾѾͷź⻻ҳаִױ̨Ǳ˺׺ͶƵķۣһ㣬ƵĲСԲϣһһڵغſɬİ̥ҩ֭ӡ

ͷŵĶӣʱǧ䣬ǰ˵ǰ㣬ĪҪİѱ

ûãҾͷһҵĽŲ̫ҸŮĴ̶ҫ䣬͵ؾʹӿڹٷ̫࣬Ϊ׵죬⹷Ƶ֣ҾӲ̾ӣһʱðɣ޵

ŤͷȥͷȻվִ崺ı˾
֮⣬ʮ׺ʿһǸմսϹͲϽǳһ˺ۣΪ׵Ǹʿ˶̹¶ţ˫ֻ޹ͽ𴸣صǴӵ

үǴɱ仰˵ˣûʲô棬û˵ӷѵʺ޹Ǻţ

ҲòԾѲɹλҪҺͶ˺ˣ

ʱ̤С鲽ǰ¹ҿһͷųĨη֮ɫ˿ĭЦģ

ūôðأԭǱǸ¶Ķųвѡ򣬱˵ÿռҪϴϳʵ񣬱㲻ͷסˣū֮ﶼȥҲҲعϾʺסͷ⳼ôϾҪв Ҳþ֪ƣԺ˽ˣҪͳء

صͷпضɡ

õҵӦ׼·̫ࡢǽȥǰù˵ȫߡ

ұͷȻᣬһһз꣬Ҿٿ˺ܶϸڣǵ谵ɣ˿Ѫ˹ȥʱΪǱģ룬ܿǱ¶˰

һն壬ڸǰ̾Ϊ̷֮ˣдѵĻ¶ͷ䳢˿ҩ͸ʹֹϸǲǳʲôĶҩ
ӣôŮ

ú׼﹬ֺֿݣپҲ˵

ţҾ£ҲʼҲѰڵǻôôڲŷӦ

ʱʧʹޣ̾˿һ֮

ôˣǽңᵽǸҰˣķԶʤ˴Ҳ⡣֪ͷСӻ˲ⲻϽعҽΣĪ̫ҽǧϵֶξȶٲ

š
ס棬סСǿֳЦˡ

Ȼҿɫ󲽳βǱȥץһſڴϷ̫࣬˳ȥȻѹź޺ʹֽ߬ס崺Ͱᣬôʺȥˣ˭ǵĵӣ

⻰䣬˶ҶˣҺߡ

æЦùǸҩͷ˯ò̤ʵؽˣū˽ͷȥˣ
һģ»˵ؽүصǸҲûعһƬТģ¶أ˵ˣүСסڹȳ׿󣬶һɻֺ

֪Щ˵һЩܼҳϸڣĿľҺΪǸѣԽԽԵü١
ʱҺ¶Сıסˣ²˵ȥҲԾɼأѣ᲻֪Уļ¼«ư˵Ҿɼأ

ɰɡ
ְЩ̵Ķϣػ˻ӡ

ԳۣͷƤ͵һ
ҷЩ̫ࡢ˵ڰѵľ࣬ɷ·ʲôβϵˣſڵϣŹ¿
ҵױ̨ǷһͿۺжˡ

ʲô

ҵͷһʹȻ³԰ᣬѵ֪У֮࣬ó綼׼õĻʺҿʱ˵˺ܾõĻͷҺ˯ˣϡ˵˾ʲôţ

ԽԽǲҼֱԼͷ

ƼæܹȱߣǵʣôˣɫôҰ
ת޵תһγ׼Ѳ̫ǣˣ

ָ
͵ؼˣ˵һ⣬Ұҳ˵صֻ֪ĵط

ƴ룬Ȼէ֣ˣӦױ̨Ǹֻİ


⿴ȥиվױ̨ǰ̺ϣﱧҵκС
ʱҵĶҪɤˣǧܱǷ
˵ʱͻǣװ֮վ𣬲ΡΡߵǰ־˦˶һ⣬ƴ򣬽Ƶױ̨û

ѵջȥԵԹԣҹ£

ŵصңЩͼֶ۸ͷˣϲɣ˵

£
⡣

òӶǺˣǲϹ򣬿ҿεˣ޵һӵҧͨһڵء
Ϊױ̨ǰ˸ĺֺݳСЩ̫ࡢҲǰѲ飬໥˸ɫ·ʾ죬ʲôûҵ

򴽣΢΢ͷǰסңȰүСĪҪ
ҿ˱飬Цòˣūͻعȥ

˵⻰˦·̫ǳȥ

̾Ϣ޵ùڵҧгݣͷûˣʧˣֻʣ֮ʱ
æӲϵĲᣬվŴȫغãҸǰʣǲʲôղŴңǲǡ

š
ҰظŶӱ׵Ĳб۳ױ̨Ǳȥ Ƕиȥ򿪡

˭֪䣬ҾͷֳŲ

صƷЩƴ󣬲ʱ洫ָߵ֨ѽһ˴ͷƿֺϳȽţֽ£ͷϴҵˣԶҶܸоɢɷ֮

Ϊ׵ǸʮĺݸͦΣӥǣ۾ģ·Щཿŵʶһ䰲ӣӪоμģһӪС

ɻⶽگûسô

ϴŷ糾֮ɫȻǴæϻģ£æǰ

λͯ
¿ɴˣضڱЩںȡ
ţָҽܳУǳضԶǳڲ̵˶Ӻöű֮˶һǹ

Ȳ
ҺЦͷԸָϽ˹ӺͲˮ

μˣҸ壬ﳣԱͯͺнЩȦǽܣ߿ϵһۺУüôʺľѲˣûˣ

ˡ
ҡͷ̾˿˼Ȳ裬˳˳Ŀڵıơ
תμˣæʣôˣǱٵô

μķ²յĨ˰ϵˮüԭĩⶽگǲܻģСү˽ӪĽȫߣĩѾɻĲ³Īǳʲô£Űʱ򣬹ı̫̾ӹűбµּ˵ּӪӪĽ͵طĽԵоɱͳϽȡ

ҳһԼ֪³Ǿ仰ʲô˼ˡ

ҽŵǰ󷢺ڣæʣǽּˣ

δ
μĴһӣüǰ¾Ͱ˾Ļƴ˸ĩ˴ּ޵Ȩ¾ܣйĩּ⣬
˵μĺͳлһۣ˵ʱӡ
μȭ߬סæ͹Ⱥ֣ĩ˲ΣҺͳǣͷװҹϻؾУʷ⣬֪չδһʱԵɡ

û˵ȥױ̨µİ

ԣ߹ȥһƿֱ̺崺ϻƽͷĶһȫȫԲϡ

ɨۣǾװҺ˽ĺӣЩȴֻССϻӡ
ҽŵֱƶ˹

ָᴥϻһʱæӴ򿪣Ȼָֻ˼ʮģһסּ

Ѿˣ£ָ߬ȻǷּϤּپ磬ױд

̫ǰ޵ּԷϲԴ˰ָݴаĸвⲻ⣬ʺϿƾָʹּʺвӣı۴
ѣƽʮ³顣




192.  Ͷ   ׳н

192--׳н

̫ӡ
޵ּԷϲ
ⲻ, ʺϿƾ˰ָּ
ѡ



ҷؿּϵ֣ģߣʮ, ˶, ˱˴Σ, ѱȨң

ʵӦ綼ɻ󣬿ɵʱδ, Ͷ, δ֡

ϸƷ, ܲŵ, һٱᣬ΢Ĺ״֪Ŵ뱾˾ڳ, ܣȥ, ˳µλ÷л, ôӻҺͺߡ

һֱж, ֻû뵽һô졢ô, û뵽, ⵳ֱŪһģһĿܣ



Ƕܡ򲻵۰, ôܲԼһк֣

Ťͷȥ, ӵͷ, 첲۾ϣ޳
ǰڶ, ѴδǸӢǡĵ

ţһѽϵĨȥһֻסҵıֹҾ֧Ųסˤһַסҵĸ첲οң

ûбġ
ʵģҾõڿ϶ţ֪϶к֣̫˽СˣѶϣɶǣҲǵϢɱ׵һٸҲҡ

˵
ֻ֪Ѿ˵Σɱ¶߱˲ʲôطˣ

ʱӪоμĺӪпּ֮󣬶˻һۣһͬ£˫ֱȭɫǳͬ

ĩּȫʺȡ

ҷȦϣҶ˱ˮʣ˵ô

֪

Щң̫ˣϵĳ𢣬ҲܶרУһڳؾϣΣѵȫҪλ

ķ䣬ǰۡ

ֻϺҲǲ׳ⷢĬĬ˵һߣͷŪĸ㡣
ǸͯʱԵЩ˷ܣת˼ʲôϺŹԾԾԣǰ㣬˺üΣκֻһİ׶û˵ķݶûסѿڶ񡢲񡭡

ΪཿԵʣҵǶͯ࿴Щæʣ⣿

ͯСؿȦܣøˡ

״æ˰ͯдǻۣ·ͻȻǴȺȺʱ˵޷

ͯ£СΪ֮磬ɿϣһײˡЮȺضͬ죬ڸ׽ĳΪҪɵĶض𳯾ֶʥ綼Ԥϵ֮£ּͰָûʺʱվִ֣٣

˵ûͯнȴǸ˲š

Էͯæʣ񱾹

ͯ΢죬СΪҳ˵ö֮ʱӦЯͲֳسҹ˳ΪӽҪЮʱӦȥ帮ϴּһһˣּǿǣӲޱȨֻи˾ѣѹ֮£Ͷͷű£

⺢ӵĽ鲽ȷʵ׼ֺݣʵʩһ֮Ƴƽңе¶ǵˣΨһûǵľѡ

ҲûнĲֳǰȥϳ´ǺĨζѲǳЦμĺͳüδ˵

ʱͷⷨӵ
ӿ⣬ɫˣЩ˹ôһӲʣúҩЪϢˡ۳ͶٸϻسѾƣǳȥ᷿ϴ÷Щʱ򣬱˵

ͯһ˵䣬ֲղ̫ԣٷԣæ¡

һߣϳӵʰƿӣϸϸͿֱϣЦСͦݣº͵÷һޡ

ûʱͷʹѣڲ侲
֮šأԸС˵ûʱţձȨռơΪ˱ǹǽ˼޹ôŰɡ
üھﱨ˵֮¾ɼѪֹ³̽ΣߡΡн߹̼ʷ䰲ǰűƣн׸̲÷顢Ҧ顢񲿵鶼죡

ҿ׸ͲˣʮʦǱѰ
ֱӽԬ˳ȥתЦ˾˳ȥˣһʱҲز˵ˣʦ֮ˣºͣزƵļƣ˻򸮸ǰʦĸˣǵý

ҵ˵ͷöӸϽȥ¡



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ҹߣžңϴ˰ŽҶҲĵ

Ϊ£ʮҳϵĴܼңеĹ澡̫࣬ԺӡȫеһȥǼڲ¼˶ԣÿʱһԺԺУʳߣ춯ɱ

ӪĽʿִ񣬾ڸѲӣֿ֮ˣ׽ÿѺֿɱ

ⱲӶûôռûôϹۡ
˯Űһ۷·Ϳѱնɱ裬ھУǱصĳ

֪ҲܼңǿԼϴױ¡÷



֪زϢǸٻʵôͶ̫ҽ

ϰ˸Σĸˣӣ첲̫ҽӦ˹ȥ

ʵһ̽ʵĨǵ˵¶һֱָֻû

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ڨڨһЦعȥˡ

Ҳگ϶ѵΡĴΣԣжø졣



꽥ҹҲԽԽ

ڻףš

һʱðҴҸܿˣ÷Ҧλ飬кΡλĽʷ䰲˾·ͨԼֶѳɡų塣

·Ͻ˵ԭίŭǳ໥ֶԲߡ

ʱվ󣬶ӽǰǰرߣϵĽ綼ʪ͸ˣڷճڲЬˮһһʪӡ

ָϲ㣬ԸһҪ͸λ¼ӽѲӣע⸮Χû쳣

ҽµگͰָţø鿴

ʱҦ
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Ҧŭ翴Ϊʲô˵

÷奰Ҧ𣺡˵Ҫ˵˺ͱ³üһǵɣǺͺһ³Ұ

ʱʷ´ȣϣ˵λֲܱܲ³ˣʱϽԲ߲Ҫ

÷奺Ҧ𻥵һۡ

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÷奰Ҧ𣬿Щһ˵ʲô÷ڴˣҲעЩִ硣

˼ЦŵնʱЩ

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򲻴
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÷奵ͷЦǽҳô²ѣ谼ȻһݣǳҲὫҺ󹬵ľóݣҪͿܵѪס
˵÷ҦЦʱҦ鸽һ׳׳ơ

ѡ
Ҧһӣע⵽⵳Ϊ˾ճѾʼףͼƷŵֻҪ֧̫ӣʱ˵£ɺ֮ߣջصһ黹ָ֮ߡٰһ飬׸ѧʲô

á
÷Ĵָ裬Ҧ˱衣ĿǰҪģ취±Ķˣ޷Ǿ͹⣬вӪˣʵ򲻵ѵ£֮ƽʣ¾Ϊ飬Ϊȫ

һʱ䣬˽Ĭ

Һңѵһ೼ӽģǰƽúء
ô飬Ķ鷳ˡ

ڴʱƼ˼ʲô崺γЩŷĵãĩеУҺ͸λسһ񣬳

¹һƣ֪ɲС

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ҵʱ˾

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ϸ룬üɱʵۣǿĴλǧðŵԴΣգߣϾǸܡ


ְסҵļĿᶨ˲ɣ·˿϶Ǿǧٱ˼ŸģǴһԡԸ·ȥҴˡ

÷奵Ҳȥ
ҦʷҲҲүһȥ

۾ˣߵУ˫ֱȭϥ¹˸ʵڴˣлλˡ

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һа׵ɢȥԼ¡


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֪ӵԸ֮ǰ˼ŵѾùˣ֪࣬ɲĴ

˶ߺһԺеȥӴϵ꣬㿴ҺͶƴȫӪ㣬ټ֣һҪúûŰ



һǸ֮ҹ

ѿܱĶˣʹôǧ䣬ܻʲôؽ֮ģɱǧϣô档

˲䣬ٳֵ˻ˣǣ谿˽ӳ乬˰ɡ

ھǼĻԹָôĥء

ţͷɸձۣμѪվҴߣ˵ȥˣ֮ǰٿһۡ

ŵ͵ؾѣ󼹱һĺҲ˯˽ûİ취ֻܹһ



գȻǰ֡

ĽһδεܵҸϣͬ˵Ϣ

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Ҳ֪˭ô£谺ϵĳŴֶǡ
˵ϺҺ󹬣ɣ˵ʵ׸Ŵ˽ӣµʧˣҲʼ˽ͨ

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ץһɢҥԵӣʲôûץֻܽһЩ˵.ŮץУЧȡ

ôһɻˣĸûɣ顣

֣Ҳ

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ǿ飬ͷʼ̸̫ӵ¡ãǳӣҵΪȵϲΪҺʵŴֳֿųб顣

˼ˣôƾΪ̫ӡ

ʱɺ·ͷƾ谣һֺס²Ա׷׸顣

ʱҦֱӿĿͼΣ污գʶ֮ڰաᵳӪ˽Ϊֺ׺˽ŵ٣ƻ٣ʵΪ棡Ӧ֮λ

⻰һȻ

׸Ԭ֣άУ֪̳αѧŸɣ
Ԭ嵱谣ǲġ

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ǧԳԽ壬ΪҴɱۣزɣ˻ԡ

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÷奵ҲԽˣҪ䳷ְ졣

麣·ͱ̫̾ӾǱָʹ˱£κȨһеȱѺ󶨶ᡣ

ţ䰲ֱӳ̾ӣ̫֮࣬ĵطְأ·ͨȫȨֱ˾

·֣δݱƥķݶʱ»ԣΪӣ

÷奺ȵݿɣΪʺ֮ӣݸ߹

ִִȥԬվ˵˾䡰»ԣƷس̼ͬΪ࣬ͬʱϡ

ôһʱ˳ãǱߣΪԽ̿ʹɱ˳ȵѲͬãʱ

ûϵѾǰ˼һڣ谵Ѿѿز˳ˡ



ֵһ죬ˡ

ҹĻ٣һյĳڰ
껹δͣظοĹ̹ųǡ

ֻ˼յƣЩ谵
ķϣ߬סѵָָֻⷴĦ

ѾһˣҲ֪ûѵѵټٵˣҲ϶ˡ

ȻҸоθһģһԵּ״æܹǲӲ

Ұڰ֣ʾԼû¡

ң϶ѣһȰңֻһϡ࣬ܿסɶÿסٳһɣʹѾɲܡ

˵۾ˣͷǿסʹ

ḧŶӵͷû¡㣬øϽζϣߣӪȡ

ǿؿңĿкᣬʹôһգƽϢԺΣⱲӶð

ڴʱͷȻ󼱴ҴҵĽŲûã˻˵·˴λͰݼ

ͣ

һ㶣ݣæ

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Ϊ׵Ǹ˸ͷߣòӢŷִ崺һɷǴӡ
ͷһһˣԴ£Ŷң߸ر֣Ҫ¸ƣС鶯ƺǸ
˽æ£ġĸŮ

ȫ࣬ԶżڹĹĸζδ˯ƣ֮ɫŨһĿɰĴ۾Ƥϸ塣

Ůæʰ


˰ǣָϽȥȲ͸ɾֽ
Ҳ֪ǸŮʲô£飬ȻأǴʱԽΪסãΪȡһ

졣ҷԸȥ˾˺üúЩģѾͷ궳ֱ

˭֪ҪߣæקסѾͷһ죬æ֣򴽣ڵϣͷҵŮ֮ǰڹѧأ﷢ޱ䣬˾÷ˣгŮ͵͵µϢ

ʲô˵һ飡
˲վǰȥֱ֪£»𣿡

ţ
صصͷ±ڡ

ڴʱ˫һ̱ĸǰɵСһץסŮ˫磬ﾡǸˣ첻˵ˣʹҡŮҵŶԲԣ

ϡ
Ľ۵ᶼðˣߵصͷץſ

ԲԲ𡣡
æͷǸ˭֪˵һС˵Դһˣ˳ʹͬʱӺ
Ӧ죬һץסģ˭֪һץְ̫ŮקԼˡ






193.  Ӫ֮   һ

193--

ڱһ˲, 
εͷЦĵΣ, Լ³ç, æŲ˼˫Ķ, ãҲ, ˵˵

ҧ´, ĸ, ת, ˿˼, ͲӰ㣺ʺģ»ţҾͱڹ, о綾ҪӪȡ

ͬǧٸƵ, æʣ±ںδ


գˮĴ۾, һһ, ʵ̾Ӱ¶, ̾Ӻͬʱ, һõʿɱ˸˾ŮͰ, һ, ҹжΣı´ߡ

Ȼ÷ĸ˾ŮȻ⵽ͻϮϢûС

ǻƴأ
ҽż, ֲסĿڣæʡ

ʱʮŮͰʬȫװУͷ˾ʯʬ̫Һס÷֪ԼѲڣֱͱʬթˮѿϰŵӺ

ʲôµ£
ҸæȥöһʣǺأ

Сϣֱס̵Ǿޱ¶ˮСڣŵƴˣһ·Ǳӵ˹﹬Уȫ֪衣֪󣬶ʱ˾ֿ˽ʱʱ̶̿Ѳ飬ùýƴ͵͵ڳˣͬʱĸ̫ȥѰµ䣬һʼ󹬶͵͵ҹټûУȻڷ֣ڽת

ѾˣȭԾ߬޵°谵ƣͷһ¾ͼŸƽˣһʼ˸乬һ֪Ǽ˵ıԣƿ˽ÿܿǰһȨƵλұ·󣬶Ȳػ

ľŴۣͷԶԶԣ¾Ǵ乬תƵ

ҿЦʣǺأǿټ£

ҡҡͷذأֻӬ޷´ݾߣ类Լٻʵ۵ȺˣóŮԻؼ̽ӸĸΪɣšǺ󹬵ֲϣŮ߲ˡŮԭ룬ҪС̫ȥèǬǱߵȻᡭ

ԼˣŤͷһ߸ߴϵĴӣЦ粻Ǳ߷ʲô£ŮԶ֮ͷƼϱ˾ǬǱ˳ͻ·ҪѺ󹬣ЩãŮŻˣ·ǿǬŵĿնʯӶ

ʱһŵĴ˫ۻסѵ¶ЦͷСʮͷȴ󣬽㱻˸֣Сڳ뿪ȪˮȵǱߣнתƵҦؽ

˵ӿģյ︮ϣ˭֪ɺˡ

ͷ֮£ߵĸǰرסŮĦŴʪͷʲѣǹˣŶľս

תҿǰϥŵԺҪúã֪ô

綼֪ҺѸ˴ģ÷پ£ָֻ֣أģұ֤ԺһίԲԡ
Լ죬ЦģԺһãܰί

ļ˧Ĵ㡰֤Сˢһ¾ߺˣͷЦ
ƤƼˣҲ˼źףٺٵɵЦ
ԴѺͺº󣬶һֱ棬øƽϢֿɰһչ¶Цա

ҸĦС˶ԴݸԸԺúõġ

ҷźصķϡ
һжΣҵĽǲüͷͷڼȻ֪±Ķˣ͵øϽӪȵȫ֮ߣˡ

˼ãָ°ͣü£ڹ˾ǧ鸮нʿǿӪӪҿƽ¾ϧƣȺº͹̼ĳس

˵ӴӻͳŽĵͼϵ̲յƵһߣѵͼƽ̿ʳָдˡֵСӣֺܿǬšš԰ȴϵĳŨ΢ǿҲԣүӪʿֻܹǣɿԹЮ³룬ǻ޷֤µİΣ

ʱչյ̨ϸϸشͼͷԣǽȫڹô׺ƽ޷֤谳׺˺°ٳسҾ죬ڳⶽĽҾ죬Щⲻᶯҡǿȫ֮ߣ϶д֪ѵӹȳǾͺˣôأ

һʱ䣬ٴ˼ǽ֡
ʱһը£Ҫ˺ƣʱٴϮžشڵϣķ

ʱƼһֱĬվ֣ȣ綼ȦȺæȥĨ˭֪ڻմ࣬һȫŪˣΪ

ǰ˸أŲæ΢һ¡

ʡ
æ˾ȥ

һ£ӶʱʹĿ֨ӹӣϵȺ࣬˵Цˡ
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ͷһϼ󣬷Ϊɿơ
Һ˿ڲ裬ŵڶǳĵһҹţǺ˳ΪڵҼǵõʱլݣ¶Ĺ쳣ĵ伮˾ʷϵĴ£൱ӣֻͷߵʱԼ˵··͡

¹֣Ҳû˵ȥˡ


ֱӳϣ˵ıӣƽ֮ʱű³谮ʱＴ裬һʱͿ㡢뽫СľͷԼĺӣǰΪıĹ֮¡

߲֮ɫŨεЦЦ˿ĭȭ͢ķ˸̾¿ʣ˵鵽˴£˱ü棬δ¹ڡ

Ҳ̾˿
ǰĶӣ֮ĸڣٵʵһֱڰжֻʱҲҲ㾡ϥҲûȡһӣѲ¼Զʮꡣ

Щ¶ȥˡ
ݸǳЦ۲ԶڳԸģֻ˵߷֣ʵﻹǾÿǷƵģⲻѾͷϣϽҲܳһ

ȦˣĬá
ͳֻУ򿪣óͷĲƲ顣

ƣʧ٣ѧġ˵ıϹʷΪϮְ֮һֱʷٱŵ伮ĴͶ

ĽŴζĲƽ̯ԭǻʹܵͼ

Ϊʷ٣Ⱥ̷յս٣ˣǲб֮һѻ˹ʷǰ屻նɱÿսң伮ֻ£֪ڹĹںδȻˡ

˵ĺ˼ˮɤӣʫ˵غд䶼ǰʵ֪ɽǧ괫ȥΪ¾Ķˣ֮ͰڵͬʱܵͼʷϣѾϰ꣬ΪܣйҸȥ󣬵ͼ

Ťͷؿ˵з䣬֪ΪΣͱݹ޷ԾȣǣΪɣӼҸȡͼϣõϡ

⻰Һʹӡʼ𾪣ƽ֡

ֻͨһڵأסĵȣ޵ģ˾ˣҡҡ

Īޡ
ظȥϵᣬʵúӣˡ˾˸ղһžͷ֣ĳˣǸϽӪȱµȫ֮ߡ

ͼǿŵ
Ǽ˾һϸоܵѣһп֣ǰʵࡣ
ܵ˹ﴦһǧС֮£ŻǺӣֱڵššźͶѶȥĽڣҲǵǣӦţֱ𰵲ع㹬дôһܵĿҲȷרûʵۡʺ̫л

Ҳ첻ѣһʼ乬ûпӪȵܵɺͷҪǨǻᡣ

ԭڤڤУ綼עһС

ǼٴӪ֮ߣʺ

ּͰָǣȥͺμġеȽͣҹǰפڸȴǣ

տߡΡˣ

ӵ˾ڳ׽÷ֻţҪ·լӪȳѣҾȫ׽ù鰸һŹ

ε飬ʱӦú岿һ˳㽫ǽӪ֮ư֪÷奵ˣҪʱס谺ͺ·

Ӫʹһٸҳºʿǰ򿪳ܵҹǵ˾綾Ǳȥģϳ͵͵ҵң˵ʮǰ̰ͼƣǷҺѣҪȥȼݡ

Ӧ׼ˡ
ʱһðѸؾȳ

ԭӦڸ󷽣һǼָһұѣɷȳ

һľ߶侲ġ˼ǵģһΣðһգ˵һΣ䵱

֪ҳ£DDFFжǲġ̵ģʧȥףʧȥĸס

ΪһΣ統Ϊңһҹͷ
ҪرߣҲȨףΪ֪ˣҺСԲᷢʲô

ұȰ裬ΣҾͿһΣ˽һΣΪԼΪԨһ






194.     

194--

, ˰ָˮ
ƽַǷ綼ЪҵƻԻ͵ĸ賡ģԽˡ

ɴӴ, һ˺ܿҵǸǧɲ, ˵ȵۻʱϲϺн, ϰҩֵҩ, ̬, , ׵ԡ, Ѿʱݲ, һصĻꡣ

Ȼɮˡ
ͷƻɴӵĸ, ɮȫټһʱ, ᷿, ϼӿܡ

һŹŵͼ, Ժһҵܵĳ, ¾Ͱʯ, , ʱӿŵù

Ϊȥ󱻸ס, һ˰ʱŴŻѣȥ
ǰͷǴӺ˾, Ůţм䣬ͷŵӪĽʿ

صһƬֲָֻ˲ŶСʵصӦþ޹ͨڣζ̫ţܸоຮǵ촵

Ҳ֪жãаʱ˰գϻźĳ˽Ųصڿռŵһ··˵ͷ

ʱˮ·ͷ춯ϵʯҲһֱµˮ˵˲ɵô˸

ͷϾǽĻǺӣСЩˮ
ӾŻѣǽվһԣӸߣͷҪʯڶֻ΢΢üԲҵŮǰˮǱĽŵ״򻬡

䣬ŮңһԷסҡ
ھӵʱŤͷȥﺬżᶨصصͷԼ䣬˵˾䣺ķˣСڣһж˳

ͷȥˮȻûŮСȣ࣬ߵĺܡ
ԼĪ˰յĹ߹˻Ǻӣ˽ۿɼЩһЩǽڵİݴŻӡʳƺЬ࣬װ˽ӣϰ꣬඼Ѿõˡ

ǽ·űǣֲڴͨҲͨġ

һˣǰܵԼСʱߵ˾ͷ
ͷͬϵʯݣʯݿһ߼Ļʯ塣

ҶͣһͣӦõˡ
վʯϣѽһԵ崺ȦܣЩ׼üһֱ֣ӳ塣

ǡ
æӭ͡
Щ˶սʿ˲Ͱε׼״̬

ʹʯˡ
ͷۣͷӦƫͷסǾ͵Ӳƴˡ

š
صصͷʾӣھʹ򿪡

ֻӶʯһᣬšһԵĻأ˲ͷ΢Ŀʯ𽥴򿪣洫Ƶ⡣

ҵĶҪɤˣӣƺˡ

ڴʱ洫Ů߳ʲô
ӷӦ죬ҶûôԾȥģ˾Ͳˣֻͷ̴ٴܿ죬׽˸ˣ»صܵͬʱæܵĻعϡ

ҳǰȥʱסŮ˵죬ͬʱϽס֫Ůӿȥʮ꣬ŹŮѣŰѶ̽ƺ䣬һʼͼһǰѹѹһˣ˲ˣС

ֱסĲӣ˱ǽϡ
ʮָʹѶˣӦֱ֣һȶŮ˵СŮ˳ʹʹҪκαϽƣá

ʲô
ʡ

˭
ŮšȻңʺ󣿣㡢㡢ǡ

Ӳᣬֱšؿܸۡоʹĵطٴαʣʲô˵

ġĲ
Ůʹؿ䡣

ʲôݣкְ𣿡
ӴѥͲγذףƵŮ˶ǰЦ˵©һ֣ȥͷƤ⻹ֻǰˣһֵܻûôŮء

ҡǰĸŮ
ǸĲŮæүĸźڱ¸ǰ

ĸ
Ӽʡ

ҡҡ˪ѩ
ĲηػȦܣ˿ĭҺʹһʱ˪Ͷѩȥź£һֱźʱܻϢ

ǰһʣźЩʲô

ǸĲԥˣɾʱ䣬һͷƤ
žһһëѪ˿İ⣬ڵϣˡ
Ĳ־־ۣүɱ˱£һźڲ࣬ҪֹϷ¡

ʱޣȻ

Ů˵ĲʣʱСʱ͵ǽʱˣǸǲǺһݣأ

Ů۵ÿҪεˣȥ㣬ӦþͿˡ

ӳƬ̣ʣͷжˣʲôʱ

Ůʹ˵ˣҲر˿ţū治֪үʱߵʱ

ңʣôã

´Ůˣ˸⣬ֱӺıӣɱ⣡

һ䣬ӾͰŮ˵Ĳšˡ
Ĩ֣бۿ棬üͷ㣬ȥ̣

ҵͷ

ʱӻƷСش򿪻ȥ
ǵµ˽صţûãͷŶţһεŮͽȻԹǷӰҲˣٲҪĥ£úúţүֵ֪óһ⣡Ͻʰһ£ø²

Ů˸˵˼ûˡ
ûãҾͿЮ˸͸ղǸĲһҲսսشһУ編ƣֿһ飬˵ĺǸĲ࣬ôӻƶĲնɱŮ

½űߵʬ壬ɱ֮ɫŨңʱǲȥ棬ضע⣬˼ǲǳȥƴһ

ҡҡͷͷǸĲЦûŮ˺ͱκ񡣡

ӦҪʲôɰ̫Σˣ

ûתںͷĶϣүӣ֪ǻݵģŮ˵ƤȥǻῴӪиʹ͵ʿ⹬Ůһȥ

Ҳ֣֣ôУⲻ뻢ôǱ֡

ʲôǱץסǰͲýﵱĶƣ᲻
Ҵ϶ϵĻͬʱԱߵʯڣʵԶҹڳͨµĵصô

ӻȻ̽´֮ͨصѸ֮ƽ˲֪ߣ

ҵ˵ͷһ飺һںô

ʯȦҵһ֮أ룬ɫԣ

˿ǾС
֮ϣüʱϽְɡ

ֲңֻԣæҩóСһЩϡŹֵҩ
䣬ܿͽĲƤȡҩˮϴæĿնһĲѣŮһģһķ١

ǰͷȡ棬ʵѪģҽͷŤȥȥڴʱҺȻ˼£ǵ³ڸ˾΢ʱѾͷʼʱٰƱ磬ѣŶַЦ˵

˶ǼٵģżߣʵأҲżߣǸ˲.ƤɽҰ򡣡

һ⣬ʱ΢ı谺͸ףıȡһ·
ΪѾȫ淢ϵ⼸շ֣ѾͷʱͰʾ˰

ҳ䣬ҿ/Ƥ߹ˣڻ¼͸ʱŸŹŮѵˣС䣬Ӫʿݣе˷ٺӲ濴Ůˡ

ȸݣնҸСԽŮ·̬й澸еǣ£еĻ˵

ûһҺС׺ˡ
ûӣûգǵС䣬СӴʱȫ˸Ƶģòվװģϥһ̬ŮˣȴҰΣ

ұһЦǿס˿߰ɡ

ܵʯٴα򿪣λҺСȥ
ÿһҶоڵϰ㣬ŵÿڸҲסعԼʲôǵﰡϿɲֹһͷˣ°ܽʮǰ㣬Ҳ룡

ȥ󣬴ƫͷȷŮʱס֮أ֬ͷӦоУϻлĶǶ㡣
ҼߵǱߣۣüһͷȻ쳣ÿ岽վһỹдŵʱѲӵˡ

ʱİ˼£ߵ֪ҺСҲóȥѾͷ滻ˡ

ҽҧס⣬򿪷ţ˳ȥ
ʱи߿һ⣬Īıˣż䣬ֻǵسһۣѲط

˿С䲢Ǳȥ
Ī˵ʮʱҾ빬ݼȻʺ󣬱ǺҲڴ˵س룬úܡ

ͣˣһ£Ĵʪʪģֻȵڶ𣬽ӲסУΡ븻ҲɢŹɼż

ҺȻͿʼˣʮ꣬ס˹˵ˣ̧ͷķ죬˷·𱻴˼ײͷڡ

֪ҺСߵſڡ
Ÿִ̫࣬񣬹Ѿͷ˵һֻӬɲƻͨĺܣߵƫʱʱŮ֮ŷ·Ů

Ÿ̤ţҾͿվʮѾͷò毺ãʱϴžݡ
Ҳȷǲν˪Ͷѩͷ߽ȥ΢һЦ

ˮأ
Ǹ߶һѾͷɨҺС䣬ʡ

ҹţסڣ˿ʾǶˡ

ˡ
ѾͷЦб£˯ˣøϴˡ
ʱѾͷȻסҵ֡

˳Ŀȥ˲ͻˣָϻͿŴĵޢ
򾲣Ī!
ôˡ
ȥСЦʡ

㲻Ҫˡ
ѾͷŤͷƫķۣЦƽүǰôζУûϷ˵ɣһ㣬үǰʲô̵ġ

ҳѾͷüŪۣǴҾϴȥϽȥЪŰɡ

Ѿͷ˸Уͷ첽ȥˡ

˿ڴ͵ЦŪȥˡ
ŤͷȥССӣʱϾ˲亹ǸȻһЦȭͷסؿڡ
ҡҡͷʾϽѴֺȥǰȥѾ棬޲һӷɽȥ

˿Сߣͬʱܡ

ͷĸ̫࣬Ŀбӣ«Сתţұ㵽ڼ䡣
һȥżŨҩζŤͷȥѴʱڴϣڴߵСϣһ̲ࡣ

ǽˣٺ޵سһۣѹҩأ˵õĸҩģôҲУʳԣ۾ѾˣٲҽΣǻ٢ˣѵҪ߱

һʱŭɱĹӣ䲻ɾ׻

ǿסʹû٣ֱǱߡ
߽һҸ絶յĹѼֱĥĲӣ
ʱƽڴϣɫ԰ף͸ŲĵϣǱƺոѪԼѪ˿ɼۣ·Ůָץӳġ

һûס͵ˣ߾ȫԼյǰװҴӣԷ˿ڿޡ

ڴʱҿѱ΢΢ʶʲôţѵۣૻ
˲侪ѣңΣҵӣҡҡͷᷳرۣ˵
ɺȻһۣأʹضңµشңҵĶ䡢ӡ֣Ȼһץסҵӣ٣ÿʣ

ҺͷʮأұӣҲһϳҵ.

ץס֣ҵСϣָ̧ͷȥ°͵׵/Ƥߡ

ʱѵ˿ȫˣеľûˣȡ֮𾪡ϲжҵĵĺ֡͡ҾҶߣ

ʲôû˵ôңӺȻʼҵսٿ




195.  Ϸ   

195--Ϸ

Ⱳᡭһ, Ҳ

Ҵͳӣظȥᣬָƶ, Թͦı, ϣϵ, һ㣬Ħޱߵ˿˿׷, ֻ, оİ׷ֶ˼

첲ΡΡ̧, ץסҵ, ؿڣҸоĻ, ֳ΢Ц·ڸңû£õúܡ

ʱ, һ̷ĶټҶԱ¡ָʱŭ, ǰ, һץסҵ, Ҫҳߡ
ʲô, .£
Ȼ, Ĩ, ָסҵ, ۾ʹգƺҪ΢⿴ҵ

ꡣ
ҡͷ, °ͣһ΢ɼıƤ

ٴ󾪣Ҳüŵҿŵĸ̫ಢ춯æڰβڲ࣬ѹ̽ʣ

š
Ҿؿܣеʣˣ

жøϽΡ
ֱӲϵȺ¹˶΢ڲźȴһҩøϽˣһ죬ɾĻ췦ˣ

ġ
ҧʱǿ϶ܰߣ

ת»Ȧֵﻹ͵䵱ʺʱĳһ˿ľߣƿв˰ٺϣϰһݻƽױ̨ǸɫƺΣ˱ʯĽ֬ޡ۵ӦоУûоӡ

Ҽ߹ȥϻ͵֧üʣ󽻸٣ѵĲ黹пķϤдϣ뷨Ӱ͵ƫĵصˣöҩ

ͷĵģֻҹ뻮һĽŲ
Ҳ֪Ӫûǿʼڵصû

ҴϷֻ״ɱ˱ˮø٣ûжŹ˵ȫްʱŸҶ˸ѡ

񷽲վڴߣִӺסѵĲӺͺףӤιˮι
֪ҶˮҲĵĴںȣȻڵѪˮʱˮο컨
æˮݸһԵС䣬Ѫ۵Ҫֲˣһܹ.衣

Īޡ
ᶯ˵û¶
⹷ʱˣҴǻüһЦޡǿ˶鲻ԽѪǲ߯¼

ȥġ
ŰһۣŵؽŻڴϡ
ڴʱһץסҵӣüͷĨģʣͷˣʲô

¸⼸ոµ£̼æס˫磬Ŀڣû£ú˯һܳȥˡ

˭֪ѷǳ֣ǿԼԣ۵˿Ѫ˵ܳܵס

ʵˣȻλʧ͸淢ʲô
˼û˵֮£ߣŪһģһļٻʵۣʩԪȽֿʼԸңб飬ҪѪףˣŪӣһп֣˰˸У

Щµʱ򣬷ǳƽǣĨŪЦٻʵֻȥߣͯİϷ浱޵ĳ޶ɵô
΢ס˫ۣʣҵָô

š
ḧĿڣЩҰɷֱȥ˽ݺּͰָҹȥӪ

úá
Цŵͷ

Ҫ˵ʲôȻͷŮ˼̵˻
ţͷһҴæĽŲƺ˽ˡ

ҧأȫʽŲæؽѵͷߵѪ
ʱҾŲɽԶ˸ǰҸֱӣҪҪǰһȻͱקסӣûӦͱһԱߣ˺üסӣŤͷһ˲Եģ

֪һһ

ʮ꣬ȫȫ˸Ƶġ

ǰ˵飬ôҲ㣬أɸݣϵⲻµĴݲУʲôקסƵµ˵״Կ࣬ͷһ룬Ƕƣ͹˵ѵﶼС
ݣ˷Ϳ֬κƤʵ̫ɣ۹ҲסЩط߲۽ֱ֮֬Ӳֳһ׵ӣѿúܣֲһ澵ӶûС

أŻɫɥϵδŷ죬ҲδκΣֻڷٱ˶С׻۾ģмҼ̬

һ˦ץӵ֣صĸף˼˵ˣҲȥͲȥҪٱңҾȥ

ТŮ
乬ʮҪ㶼Ӧ

͵͵бۿ۴ŵĸףŭͱʹͬʱתµͷšһߣ޵ʲôҪùȥһʮͷ˯

ҺС佻񣬲ԼͬڰβǰءүԸֹ˺ѡ
ʲôͷ˯ô£ѲɷĸŮڳ£

伱ҵĶⶼΪ簡С֪ˣʲôУּӪӪرΩһ̰Ůɫ

Ե˰
ַߣƾʲôҪȥ

ǹ˼֮ףˣֻ󡣡
ƴŮף¾㱸ֻǷȨһɶˣյϵλ϶Ĵʱ򶨷Ϊ

Ҳ
ǿŮ˯ġ

伱ֱţߵǰĦŮĸ첲޳˶ס߿ࣺС˾˴ô걻⹷նͷ­⹫ŭԣֻܽȫʽưͿ

Խ˵Խϵ֬۱˵⹫سȵԣ⹫ȥλ̫أǱĵƵõײԾĸϣ׽ЩͱѴͶ׸Ǳݶ֮ʮ꣬ˣ

ͷ浱ɵҡ
ĻʵݣץסȹӣͷԴᡣ

ãŵĺ㲻ףҪǾûãôأ
ЦôǸֶĴģˣУҲУ˵㣬Щ޵Ԭҿɸ˹һգ¸㣬Ѹʹ˸檣ŮѾУ㸮ߺŵĸء

һȥʰǸСˡ

ǡб۵ѣˣСǱ谮ļֶӻģǸյǻݵ㣿

һС֣͵һŴŵµޣ˦ĸ׵֣嵽ߣץסͳһͨϴ򣬰ⱲеҸˣôˣΪζݲҺԬĹȥͬ˵˶ٴΣΪʲôòиҺõˣӸɱˣ

ҪȥʱȻ΢΢ҡͷ
ʱҲˣḧͷ޵ģԲס𣬶ǵĴΪԬǺŻȥ˰ɣĪޣúӣĺԺĪˣ͸һС㡣

׸ŮһЩѵȷ۰Ů⻰ҲסſϣޣСŮƵģ˵ԼҵĻ͸飺ûˣ

ԣޡ
ͿԣȰȡȵˣȥѵǳСӣ

ڴʱͳһһѾסӣֱӽŮק޵óϹĻˣǰңװɸƵĺøĸŮĹϵ㣬ôڹﷴʡǼֶͱ˶Ķ£ʹ㲻˸װˣ£Ԭ׸ӣҲؽ

죡
Ҫҧŭ䣺㡢ⶾô޶ԣ޵Ů

䶪ͷѣأŮʲô£ֻͷӬƵתȻץֻСӣ

ʲôû룬ֱתǰСӲƫУұϣۡ
סʹϥһ񣬹ųı飬ΪѵǸүá

үѹңһۣ޵֪谶ôˣɱʲô
Լˣ߰°ͣЦ֣ŮѱȨλݱ˶ùһĸӼء

㡢˵ʲô
𲻿ŵؿĸס

Ĩ˰ᣬתʱһĸ֮ȰǱˣúӣôأﶼΪ磬ΪＸĽ㣬ûбȨεϵλԬѾַˣԽд֮£ǰҲȫУ鹲ͬûд֧֣Ų˶õġ

ԣȥͷ˯
Ц

Ҳǡ伱ҪĦŮıҲʲôƻŮҲֻһҪǽĺôģ統˻ʵۣɱǸڣ֮ʡ

磡磡磡
ȻƵģ˺ԼͷץԼܿ죬ǰ۵Ͷ˼ѪۣʱѾͷͬŮСЦֱ۷ŭػ衣

ΪʲôǸ磡浱ɵ𣿡
˫۲Ѫ˿ס½˻𣺡Ԭ׵˭ƳģΪ˭СǸ磬ؿһۣŮôţҸҵԬңЩҺúТ˳Ԭ壬źԬУҼ˸ʲôǸ谼˵ģұ㵱ΪżҲø³żأ˭ȹ»ʵۣҲֻǰôŮǸ˯

𣬲ġ
ż⣬˫סżԼ貹治˼ͣ

Ҳ
ס䣬ҡͷһϵĸףһֿĸףȻһ˳ȥ

!
伱æȥ׷ܵСǱͣ£ſ򣬿á
ʱŮŭ˻ԭšŭصѣŮںңˣ

ѹǳЦɻشϡ

ã
ֿʼĿĵԭšȻ嵽СǱߣüС̫࣬ѵпС̫ϣĦС̫ȣǴ̽ȥüһЦ
ʲôţҸѣԸ̫ദҲҷֺʲôѵ˵ҵǰҡβˣһļ֣

Ѱ䣬˵

ߡ
ЦȻקԲʣ綼ľС̫ǿڵϣһ̫ѣ̧ȣ̫˫ϣְס̫ͷš
ţֶһǰһšؿѣ´Ц̫ǿˣή.˵ǰɷڳΪ٣ÿοк뷨ǰûиǸĻ棬ţ

ֻöޱȣŤͷȥȻˣȻסЦҲ֣˸ɾˣͶ̥ʮδΣҲȲֺ

ɾɾ
·ʲôЦ£С̫ЦЦöֱɾ
ת߶߶ز֪ʲôȻױ̨ϷֻУȥȫڿգܵβǰ˵һ赽ϣȹӣ㣬

Ťͷûȥĵ£ɻˮ
ͣб⿴ȥӾץǽУĵãҲڴʱһ̷СһڴߣñнȳˣǽѵֱͶͷϣҲҵȹϡ

Ȼ˵ŭȣʲô

æŤͷȥƼСǱŸͦεˣ谡
ɫۣͷϴڣϵң⼸ձ÷奺Ūķ۵׵ƣŨʱֲ֮£ϵŭ⼫ʢ
վŸݸͦˣʮ꣬ƤڣͰ͵ģƺչűɫԲֱֶ֣ȫȻû˵ҹʱǱݣڣҲǳǸ˲

Ŵ룡

谶
ؿŶӣĺأ֮ģûü㡣

㡢񲻶ģ
谱ͨ죬ȦܣȻۻľٶʵǶ˰ˣ

˻ȻӰ۵һˣ嵽Ŵ뻳Ŀڣޣ˵Ҷģ˵Ҷˣ磬Ҷҡ




196.  ì   ź

196--ì

, Ŵḧĸ첲ĵ壺ûУ谶ôأǸ˵, Ҳǵ, ôܵ˵˲ľٶأ㶼Ǳӵˡ

ɡҺް
ݺݵصŴϵѣС, ֳ󣬽㴩, ίԹ˵, , Ϊ谶, һίȥǸʲôӪͷ˯𣿡

ߣ谺Ȼصˤӣָָĸ, ŭӶˣ˵˶ٱ飬͵Һɵ˵̸, ôëַˣ˭ģ

䱻ŭˣӶʱһ, ֻ, ҿ, ʼտ˵Ϲҡû͵, , ȥǽ, ˵Ҫæ

㻹Ʊ磿ǰһ

谶Ŵ뽫ӻ, ʱüǳ⣺ôĸ˵ģ

תŴ˼, ĵؽ̻谣ҪĸףۿײԾű㸸׵裬ʮ꣬ĳ̫ˣƣͷİ׷˼㳤ģӲĸ󣬾гЩҲйѹ˶ʮԹҪһŮ˼ңǿô꣬ܲ׵ġ

ֳ俪ʼСźޣȣøƵİ˸ʲôʯĳĶӰã綼СӶСֵõɱţԹˡ

㹻ˣ
谴ĸ׵ıԹ첲ָޱĸףѵԩ㣿ѵû׿ڳϺص̫๶ң

谺޵ҧгݣһˣ棺㵫Щܷ㣿뱲Ӿ㲻ܳ裬Ҳ֣ܺһ٣أô̰ǵ£ôʼį֪񳤰ôȻ˵͡

˵谴Լһ⣬ͷʹޡ

ˡ
ڳɢ谵ԣ˵ŴáµĶӣ˵ԼҲɲ
ﰵ̾˿һֱ谵ĽᣬȻ𣬳˳ٹٲ෹Цܲޡ

ʱŴǰȥҪḧ谵ĸ첲ȴһ˦˿

Ŵ뵹򾲣Ȱο谶ĪҪΪôӼëƤС´󶯸λ֮໥ڦʲôĻ˵óʲô񶾵ҲĳʱҪľ򾲣ϸĪüٳױ档

˵Ŵ봽ĨƵЦȴɱ⣬ϲѣѧѧĶг𱨳𣬵նɱ˺̫࣬¸ɾϡ

ڽ̱£
谺ȻŴĻͷɨˣǿ׷ߣǶģӦ֪Ϊ𱰵ģš

ǡ
Ŵæ˼谼һЦ񷽲ʧˡ

һ
ǰϳ˵һ죬˵ǰǰ֮·Ѿ϶ʱ֮ʣŴǸ֮ˣŲΪһ˾˿Զ˰ɡ

ʱһŵ·Ҳ˲ףһӣһֿ磬СʣôˣǲΪô
ԼˣȻ谺ŴǸԲסҲãȫҵĴ
ͨһ£˫ֱȭųȥŵذ󣺡谶㲻ҪȫĴ᷸ģˣĴˡ

ŴƼˣæȥò̾˿۵ѵ⣺ôܸ¹أˣȥҩˣЩЪϢ

͵ƿ磬Ҷ˵ûǳӣܶ
תһץסŴӣӯӯ磬㲻ܷ谶ģˣܿǼҲܿ谶·ʢģ죬ȥ谶ⲻǣҶӲãܶģϽȥ¿ĸͷԭġ

Ŵ˵˵ģӦУסߣߵСſʱͣ£Ťͷ򱳶谣ﺬᣬ΢΢ҡͷô˭ᱳ㣬Ωﲻᣬġ

Цأ

Ŵûȥˡ



ٴ˰ƺе˲ҡҰڡ

֬ۺۺ˰ɢһأ˵㣬ڸǲסȳζ

ֱĨ˰ϵᣬֶվڰβǰޱضѣСȥѣҴˮ²ϴ

ҵǵؿԸӣͷ˳ȥ
ŽƣŴǶɱģܵģԶʧֻҪҲôԵǸٵģԶġ

Ҵˮʱ򣬻ѵССѰңͬ˵Ѿѵλñ˴ӣܵھúܿ죬ͲˣңдϵĲ֢ͷӽ˶ϣϸζѾȥҩˣƵʱ
һ£̾˽ˣ֪ñڳӪץס²֪̾Ӳвҹʰϸ׼ȥС飬뱲ӣٲͽλ֪á



ҺСˮʱֱضף̫ʰصǽ塣
ҹȥϥһ񣬴ӹб±ӣѰǴȥš˸ֽڴߣѲϴͷϵۡ

ѱۣұ谲Ծ谣ӶӣǳЦô飬ͷ²˳

ЦСָץ²˳˳ģʲôϵ

˵ˡ
ѶŴŵɢŵһ

ʱʰǿ飬ָĦӣ֪˭ȦȻˣӽ߬ģ޵Ҹᣬݵһ㣬ҽҲ췴ƵģƵġ

Ұ֣ΪҪϡ
Ц֮ŤͷŶӣ֧·类żޣӹеϵʻΪᱻ·ͨͻ÷ȡ̾ӰȨ˾࡭Щ׺²ԱΪô㣬СųûǸ췴Ǳɽ˰ɡ

ǡ谱һЦôΪҾôԣҾô
˿ָͷΎȥȻָԼĲʣ֪Ԭʦһߣǲ˶λģңǲҪƷ˵ǡʦһ⣬ҺͿҲҷܸˣ֪ΪΣ

ô֪
Щͷ

ǣ㵱Ȼ֪
谱ӣӽĨȥϲʲôˣ֪ô㲻֪׸֪ÿ굽šʮ£ܻȥȥŪʵзջƣҽгҹκзƣǰҽ˸ŧʹѣµ˸밲ǿţһȳһյȥͷûע⵽ֻ֪Ƥͷżæŵ̫ҽҽΣѵǰ̫׸ҲˣҽôˣԸ̫ҽҿţʱŧѪճסЬ࣬Ѳ۵ͷǺʦüָҼЬģڶգ˫ЩЬӣ㣬˵Ӳʣղܸ첻밲أʹ̫˼䣬ЩӣȫҶùл

˵Щ£˵ˣѵ㲻ãʮͷϾ͸㱻䣬Ҳͻźף˶ٴ£ѵûǰ棬һеȫ㴦ˣϷѵǨŭͷˣ

ѱûȥ谡

ԣá
Цŵ׸ңǺ޾Ȼ̳۵Сˣ֪ǵңɣգҲҷܸˣʱҾ룬׵öã޹޵λʦĸʶ֣ũҲ⣬һ㶼⡣

ҡͷЦҾͽң㲻Ϊ״ңΪǸӴҡ

ģ
ŭҪ

ǡ
谱һЦٶ˵šߣ¾仰ҲһɱҪ׷ͺڷˣţΪġ

ң
ѼץסӣûԷţ϶µء
ŭ谵ıӰ˻УԶˣûˣͣ侲бſڴߣۣڵشţŤͷңСľͷĳˣ

šæסڴϣĦĿڣοģǰô˻µģ㣬ٴ̼ˣʲôá
̾˿죬˵ܿͻѾˣ̾ӳܣѾ׽ˡ

ŭδԵ˵ͷ
ƽڴϣڴѪҪȥƿҵ֣Ȼ˵ˣضŴˡ

ûȰĿǰҲȰһı߱һжì޷ͣ˭侲˼Լ
ǸӼĸԹǰǰʮ꣬統ҾͽȥڵңҲȥۣȰѣô

ϴѺҾվڴţٵУСӣ˵Ĳҹʱ򣬻£żҲֻųȥȸˮʲôģұ̫ţ˻ɡ

׼µʱ򣬺Ȼ֣Сݸͦˣлչ˺ۣɫɴֱ֣Ŵ룬Ŵģĸ̫࣬Ծһߣֹⷢ

ŴҲûվڵм䣬Цſѡ
ѷ·Ҳ˽ˣתŴ룬ް㷽ŵʧأһ侲֮

˾ô࿴ŶԷ˵

ȻŴ봹һЦתСָϴŵһöָҵ·ʺöָ紵ӣҲ俴ѾͷСʱһûô䣬һӾ˵꣬һҼ֣ģòʮӶʮһһ󶼵Ļʺꡣ

û⻰磬ɨŴ룬Цʣ㱻ݣûþʯȥ飬δʲô⣬ʱͺ㹴ˣ

Щ
ŴЦЦ

üϸ˼Ƭ̣޵ǻǰ

ŴҡҡͷҪЩ

ѰŴ룬ûȥ
̾˿֣ʾҺС
ѶŴЦʣǸٻʵۣŪģ

š
ŴͷеΪ٣֮ȥ÷ãʻǺ˽һһС

ԡѱһЦʮ͸£ֻƵĶʱʱ̿ޣ谶ȡֻ֮谶Щ裬ô㣬Ұ̫ˡ

Ŵ˸ӣЦǰˣˡݵλͬˣһǴ䡭ǣˣ°Щ

ޱǿѰȻһЦ污ƽ

ô
Ŵ⣬ЦдЩƳλͬΪ࣬Ϊٹ֮ףٹΪʷ̨죬ʷ̨Ƶ٣ٹ٣˾ּ̾໥Լǣ⳯ΣֲʱʱҲô̫ˡ

˾ôӣȻһЦ˭û

Ŵת뿪




197.     λӰ

197--

ҲϲŴô˵ѡ

֪ʲôѽ

Ϊ, ֪ǣǻڳ࿴, һؽ, ǵǰ񣬽ȫ, 뻹ΣЧ, ϲһ, һ֮, ͨϰ, ҲҪһӣҪ˳Цϲʱˡ

Ҧ֪, ֱָѾҵĳ̶ȣҰʱ֮硣
û˼, ȷʵԼϲԹˣڹٽ, һֳ, õȥչɣ, ɻŷָũˡ

, ټȺ, ̹Լһʱ̰Ľݳ, ҦֱԽ, ôΪ룬ԱӦ奷磬ϧա

˾һ, ҰնؽũԽǱߵാ䣬ҲſۣǹҵСʵ۽λһʵ㰮Ĺ¡

ѿܲǺøףǸûʵۡ

ﲻæ˹ȥűĦĸ첲Ȱذ谺ŴĻϣд¡

š
ϵʹƣŨ֣öٵĦ
ɫɷףǿסʹЦ޲ᱻӰ죬ȵþԡ˵ٻʵ۲˸У

ţп֣ǰǸСѾͷ˵˰˸£ˡæʣôˣ

û¡
Ѵ˼ʲô
˿ҡͷһЦȻץסҵ֣⼸նûô˯㲻߰ɡ

Ȼˡݸ

Ǿͺá
öź£˸УЩˡ

֪ˣӱڣͬ˺ܶࡣ

ˣİˡ



һⱲӶȹһҹ
ҵɷಡ齣Ӳ֪Σͷлơ

ҹʱҽڳȥ֣صƫȡ߶ϸҩ裬´ھĽȣϲӪǰԵĹΪʿһ·ָЭھ򣬱ԤƵҪˣڵѵĴ齵¡

صߺͷĸ̫ÿһͽҲ̫źѣֻܰСӣڴߣš

Ρ
ͷһλ֮ǰֶŵҶѣҪͬܣ
ǴΣ޳˸˶վѸǰʱһѽ㣬˵ֻҪѿϹ¸ϸԭѡ
ѻ˯Ųֿʼˣһһ׮׮ϸʮǰ£һ˵ˣһĹΡ

˴ҹǷҲˣڿϷŹѣͷɥػƫЪϢȥˣҵĶҲڵС
ʵҲǸп࣬ǵûѡ뿪÷奣µԹ޺ͻƣ᲻Ҳô裿

ᡣ
һΣҾһѡͬ÷奺롣



ôȥˡ
ҰҹСֱһ͸ѣ̧ͷȥѾˡ

Ҹæ˸նٵָ㣬СȥСϴˮ෹

峿Щ䣬֦ͷУյ裬ĵأ˭֪飬ͽһƬ

ˣ׶
С󣬾Ͷȥ
սңҾͿѾˣٺСѾźϴˣϳ˽ⶾҩȥ˺ܶࡣ

ϴ֣ȹڴϣιϡ࣬ݵӣ۲ѣʣоˣӿɻʹ

Щ˿࣬ЦúܶˣǰһƬǿܿˡ

ͷˣҲҶ˵
ڴʱ״⡱һƺʯͷҲ˲䣬ĸ̫СŽǾشȦܣЦʣ

ôĲ㣿

Ҵʱţ֪ǵµĵصͨˡ

˼λشʱŵѺȻץ룬˳ȥŴŭȣ޹

֮״ͷС̫ʼ磬Ǽ̫Ȼۣͷ˳ȥ

ߺæСȥСǱţڵϣӸȥ￴ȻƼ׶˸ڹ¡˵Ĵ󶴣ҲڴʱǶﵯԴͷѹƲʲôģҺһЦ¶һŴ

ҵʱϲĻŭţҪ䣬ȻС佹ʾˡ
һʱˣվԹǰ˼ͽȥʰűˤĴ롣

ڴʱŲͽȻͷǰȥ谺Ŵһǰһˣ䲻ҽڼ䣬Ƶſſ̽ͷ￴۶ӡ

谽ʰ޵ۣͷڣէһǸӣϸ˵Уüͷƣ۵׵ںŨȻδ˯

ܿ⺢򾲣ͷϵѹǺܳġ
пĴƬȻûŲȥƬѹѣʱһ⺢ӵ˿ͬһֻŵè

ס˿ĭ˼ŵңӻ֣ҸϽʰޣβֶЦôˣҹû˯ôľˤӵ롣

һ߹ʰϵƬ࣬һ߸棬׵ǧ𱻷֣ʱСͷ̤С鲽һʰޣңĪҪġ

˿͵͵⿴ȥ

ޱɨˣȻǰѶϸ΢·ڽӡ

Īǻ
ݸװģظѹ˸ӻȡһŵɫĲд֣ƺĴӡ
ָǿ鲯˦ϣЦ֪ԸңôŰɣλگѾˣûʲô⣬ɾǰǻȥˡ

ǰǻ
ѵɨگ飬ŲæЦʣɱޣ

ܿ׵Ŀ⣬ǿװ򶨣ЦѱȨ֤ƽذꡣ

ǡסڣͿͨ´ǵѪüһЦöӣλԣȨҲԣһ䣬㵱˻ʵԺ׼ôִЩˣ

Ȼ谰ףȻ

ŶζһЦǻ޵⼸㶼ϵ壬Ʃﴢġ䰲μţϺ̫ң֣ҲնݳǵʱþͿˣЩ˵λ׼˭

ָ͢ЩûǣþͰ첻ˣ
ЩˣʱȻѡˡ

ŶЦЦֵ˹Ҫķߣʷ˼˸˵˵ﲻ޴С赽Ļɪлӷ磬ˣﻹи߻ʺ÷˶֮⽮㣬ͬʱˣ˵ҪΪ޺͸߻ʺ󱨳ӦԣӪĽʿֻ޵ĻҲģôӦöӣǰǰʮ۱Ըô

Ѿ˵öϸЩˣǿӲ⡢⡢Ͳˣʱд㡣

ãҶӲ
̾ĴָУٻʷܱ߲ײУԽĻʵ˭ʩеǺȨ˭߹ȶǿûǹغãٹӣɵֿԽΪˣ

綼һˣת˼˦ӣȵЩҵǻȻӴҵĲǣźܿ֡
˵Թ޵صѣһǵճӵʱҳҵʱΣͳǿĿġЩƫǹӣңΪԱѹһ³ңϣ

ڴʱûס˽ڣ̫ɻǳ˿ڣϽѱȨҶùҶô䣬׸˾Ǵ䣬Ҷﴫͻִ

ѲǷӣ谣ЦУ£򵥵ġ
ԼˣбۿŴ룬ʣ㱳վŵ˾ˣ˽أ

ɣŭֱӴӷϰӣȥܣ˲ӡ

żˣ

أұ죡
ŴӺקסá
ɫ΢䣬ֱ䣬֮谣谶ѶĪҪϿ࡭

Ӱ
˿Ŵ룬ֱ²ϵѪһЦ㿴ȫϺһ£Ծĸй΢ðǱ˭𣿡
ЦôǵĳӣҲʳӣһҪ㣬ܻգ

ʱŴǰһְס谵ļҡΣ谶µĿı޶ɷɱԶʧϣȻɱǸܣگǻƵۣ˭Ҫּ˭˾ȻڱЭ㣬ڳõв٣ܸɾһΰҵ


ѱùЦЦᣬҡҡͷؿӣ˵ٻʵ۲ӣиȻа˸£˭ĺӣ

ɨŴ롣

˭˵ģ
ʢŭѣ֮ңָң㣿
ȻָС͸ǰŵĸ̫ࣺǣ

ҺСˡŵæ¡

ʲôˣѵ㻹û
ѻЦĺǸٻʵ۵ģģ˾˵ģţ

̾ӡ̾ӡ
谻ˣŤͷ˾ˣ̾Ӳ˵ȥѲԪô绹û


Ŵ벢δش⻰ֱضѡ
谶˾˺ǰ͸˵ֺ̫̫࣬ͺ̫࣬˰ˣڲ໥Թʱ򷽲Ӫ̫Ծǲ̾ӱǵ³籩¶Ҫľɱѣʬ𼣣Ȼٺ򡢺·һ£گǰǻǾ糷ˡ

ٴδŴĻͷŶӣЦºͣѽţһҪ£ס㲢֪̾ӵȥҲ̫ĺӾ˭ģı͸߻ʺĸƴ˸ơܾˣַ˼ͷ˸ӣӤƾĸ˳ϻλ
˵ؿŴ룺ʱǲǵ÷ǵǾ䣬㵽ţ

ѾЩˣֱؿ˾Ŵ롣
ǰ̾ʧ١Ӫ춯ټﺢݳգôӪӪȨݺܵܣȫӪȴĩãȫû˼ʵôһסʣͲˣ꿴ʮСǸûų֮ˣ䱻

ʱɫɷףɲȴˣ·ֲַŵһģε΢΢ڵĺ֪Щʲô

ҲʱŴȻѥͲѶذףҪȥС䷴Ӧ죬ֳצ״ֶУѸٽذߡ

ʱҲӦһƿŴ룬ŭʲô˼ҵɱҵ

ŴɱŨȵǻѾˣôֱˣѶûϣȻ²֣˾˰

ҽʲô
־סŴ½ʣһֱͿֲԾһֱչ˵ģΪοر㣿ֱӣͷУ˸Ҵ˵ܲͷƶһŮź˵ģô˵ֻģ˵ʵﵽ˭֣

Ŵ˦谵֣ˣȻģ˾ôˣô˺ӣ

ǿɲһ
ؽҧ˾ͷ겻ǲСŮôô㻹⽭ɽգ

Ŵ۲ϵѣֺ֮ɸְ˼½ţ谣޵𱻻ʵ۸ˣʱǲң˵һΣɱѣȥǵøϽһ⡣

Ȼ
谲ŵؿŴ룬Ц綼˵ˣãҲþҵͬ⣡ǰ̾ӸȥӪʧܣɹȥ죬϶˻ɣ˭˽ҹ˵˵˭Ȩָǹ˵ģֱʳܣ

ʱԱηη俴ֳͶִæǰȥȰܣһץӣһҾϹظӵ棺ˣǱˡ

κ谺Ŵѹ硣

ۿţҲ̾˿ʮ겻Ҳ̣˶ڱ䣬ǲҹദζԷģ谣ԸѶϣڽҪͷţԼˣʵڳɲʲô

һûȨأͺڰؿʼҵ!
޵ûս߳÷߷ٻʵѵġʯĳô겻Լ׶ŮôģȫȫҶȨҲǰ֪żҵĹϵʲô¶أı֪ңô㣿

谶
Ŵ뼱һţָָ谺ô˺Ϳһ˼Ҫĸƽ͸ϵ˵Ļôʵ㣬Ὸס£͵͵ңӪı̽µţѾˣʱ㻹²˾ϣԣȱٳ£ʿǿʹҵѣǾʲôˣʱ㲻ĸԼȡᣬ侲ƣҳ

ʲô
һѪۣʱŭڣ㻹ǡ죿ʣйأ

Ŵ÷˸ۣң˺£ôôͿأҸǰ˼ɱŮǸҺ˵˵һʱ졣ʵһֻҪͷҩѺҪЮˣֻб˾ǧûо֧֣˭㰡

谼ԤԤϣȻôΪβҪʱ򣡡

Ŵֱ֣һ⣬û۾û䣿綼ʵڹѧأôŪȥŪȥù췢˭ɡǸֻϲ÷ǸƯСӣܿͷӣ˶߿϶Ծʵۣ

Ҵң
ס۵Ĳŵص˾ˡ

ôˣ
Ŵ˫ֱ°Ͱű˵Ĳд˷ŭӲı谶̫ˣô̶̲ᣬʣָԽ˵ϵϣݲѶϣ

ڴʱҷЩԾˡ
һһģŴʲôˣŵֱҡͷȻʼöסθֿʼŻһʱ亹乣ȻǰȥײŴ룬ĸƵģ谻󣬼̵

ӹ죡˭۸ҸҶӵģ׸㵱Ҳ֪һǧ˿ļ.Ůйң㶪ˣ 

תִ˸ö·Щߺ޵ضŴ룬ȻһΣʵʵŴϡ

磬ǲģҪ谶
Ťͷǵؿ۶ӣ涵¶ӣڣ˭˺㡣

أ
Ŵƿ䣺𿪣вϽȥҩҺ谶дҪϡ

䱾ôһƣֱǰˤȥϣϵľƺȫײץֻƺҪŴԴȥȻڹɼ˵ƺϿԼ
Ů˺ȻŵöƺסԼ˫غңҴˣȥ٣ҸҰӹ϶ڽŵ¡

谼ĸˣæ»ס䣬һĦĸ׵ıź壺ôˣŶӰ

ʱŴ·ҲԼˣ̾˿£ϥǰ壺أ׺ĸ綼ˣдء

˭֪Ŵ뻰δ˵꣬ɲǼ䣬Ȼӷϰ֦ҧƺֱ/ŴĲһ»ͱ˺ü£ѪʱŴ벱ӿ˳罦
Ŵסӣŵؿ䣬վͲסѪ̫̫֧࣬Ųסȥ֮ʱŰβأ·𿴵ʲô۾ֵԲƴת飬ϵѡ

ʱƽˣŲæظԼҴñӣŴ΢΢ҡͷЦЦʮָ̯ճȭ·˵

ʮݷΣʮнΣڳ£ûôҪҲûôǳһֻһ飬ȫλӰˡ

ҲͻˣӽڴϣŵʶǱŲ

˿ĭĸӡ

ɴڰ״̬ٺٵЦŴʬ֣Ȼˣתͷͬ𾪲ѵĶӣճյʣ谶ղŷʲôˣ

ڴʱֻͷ󼱴ҴҵĽŲʱСǱܽͷ󺹵̫࣬˾Ĵ̫奡
ץסҲǱǰ֮ˣֹס˫۲ҿүıˣϽȥһˡ

谾ϲˣã첻ң
谴ǸĨЦĮɨŴʬףбۿϵѣԸ奣ȥȥ

谶ҪȥĶ
ץס谵ѣ޵ҡҺ¡

û¶
谲䣬Ӻ滷סĸף壺﹫źҩҵˣĲˣẦ㣬ܿͻ
˵谸ʹ˸ɫʾ̫䣬֮ɨҡС仹ĸѵ̫࣬Ǵʬ壬סʵۣܿͻ

ǡ
طͷڵء

üˣϾܾˡ




198.  ƽ   ɸ

198--ƽ

Ǹ, ˵Ǹˣ

˵ҩ˫δ, ٻʵۻһֱ, ˳µؼˣҲºܴǵΪ˽谴, Ұתơ

һֱض򣬶綼亹, Ŀ͡ǡߺ, ˿

ʱ, Ŵʬ׾ǰ
ѪԴԴش˿, ܿڵϻ۳һ̲ͷѪˮ, һ

˴˱͵С⣬̫, ˭뵽վ˽ԼУ

пվ, ˭֪һ, ˺ü, ˫ְסԲվȡ
Ҵڵش, »Ȧ, ϳ, Ĵ֮ر, ̱ڰβߣ֣ǶסЩ
С䵽֮, Ѫȳ棬վɴǰעͷĶĸѵ̫Ҳŵò壬һˣҿǾʬס

ʱһС̫̤С鲽ȥ̧ʬס
̧Ŵ룬ӺȻһ.˶һ

ֻŴ﷢ĳİſ˿ѪҲûˡ

ֽסĿڣʹҡͷԼЩŤͷ۴ƽѣ˿ھŵĭĸС̫

ܾˣȥˮЩ㣬úѬһѬӡ

ǡ
̫ȥ죬ҲƵ뿪Ѫҡ
¸С̫࣬ԾشҳֽڵϲѪ

ʱҴæڴߵСʹ˸ɫ
С⣬ż۲Ƭ̣ȹӣγСϵķذףŵС̫Ѹ֮ס̫죬˲佫ذײ.̫Ĳӣ̫˼£ûˡ

졣
ҧأ嵽βǱߣöٸϽŵŲ
ҲʱӴӴ˳Ѿף˫ָѪģ򵥵òܿ϶ǸʿһҹصģӳĻ׺ŷ̵

£ˡ
ӹѼһʿʹ˸ɫʿ֣ñӹѣѴӴ̧
ƺ˫ץסףٽİβ̧𣬳⵱ڣʿ˵ص

жԲŤͷĵૻң

ˡ
ҼǰӴ˽ȥ
Ҹокüץסҵ˫ȣȥ
һɺ֮ӭʱҽŴһƬͷȥԭ˺һޱҿȥµصխбھƽк̨ۣͨ¡
Ѿһ̧ȥƫܵ׼ʱִӺڰмˣͷߣ߽ŷǳɡ

ɴſɵ°ɫ£ͷɢ޻ףͷмڲϵӡ

´磿
´ųɣæʣǣ

ȥһ
ɼߵҸǰҹ˸üҹȥҵѾˣΪ˱ƽس룬˼ٰţԼһٷңҡٻλСʿʱ롣

̫Σˡ
ǱֵеıǼٵġ

ް
ɫѾթˣڹֻиӪӪĴȻٳ£˾ʱǰͬʱӡԱزΪɣگ˻ʹһƽң򱣻֣Ͳ̨λسǳʱԼĪʱܳ뵽Ĺɲ綼رأҲҩţһǺӣлƽˡ

⻰Ѿܵļƻˡ

㡭
ҵǵϳ£Ѩ̶ٰѣֻΪȡһ㳷˵ʱ䣬˷֣СͶٶ⵽⡣

ʲô
ϳ´һӣȻԼͷŸһյʱѣʱҵҲˣܵ
˵ϳ´յҸǰ̾˿ֻЦɣʮǰҺͶϲΪ˼ǰ̣˴죬۵ñ±֣ҺͶͷҲֲĹ

֪ڲĥߴƤ˵õʱʱȣһȦվŵʿϵ.Ƥһѳ£ڵ£ǳү֣Ӫȡ

ǡ
ʿǱȭӦ

ҳϳºһЦϥ˸·ʿǰȥ
ںõĵصЩխߣͷͲﲻ֪ڱȫ˺ζ

ڣҿǰԣ֪ƫµǰܵ

ҷ·һӴųͷѹȫͷţǰȥܵվִʿҹ·綼ˣҳˣæĬ

Ѵʱ̱һϣϸźʵıӣϰС¯¯з·ʲôҩðŨ̡
ѵͷһߣҳˣس첲
嵽ߣץס΢֣Цڡ

Ѽˣ˿.
̧֣ҷȥͷϵסۣҪңЦˡ
ҰҴãǧӿͷȴ֪˵ʲôͷ᣺Ҳǡ

ʱִ崺ҴҸǰ˫ɺ죬޵΢ȼ٣ˡ
Ѱ˰֣ȻʲôƵģæʣ÷ˣ
ǰмæš

Ǿͺá
˿΢΢ͷתңǵޣưºٸͻ顣

á
ҵʺ£æ˵ز˾ǻǸϽ߰ɡ

һ䣬̧һݵΣŮϡ

ɴԻҺѱ̧ż⳷
Ҳ֪ǲǵصվ̫ʿֲ֮жʱɢ䣬һͷۺ棬˵ֻһҹһϣҸо˺ü졢üôá



̧ܣ·һЩϰ綼ˣԼĪʱ˾͵˻Ǻ¡

ԶҾͿǰѣվŸ׵꣬Ÿ˺ӧ.ǹ仹ŰѰƿĳüӢʮ㣬òФѣ˹ῡִżҰԣҶ

վӪĶ쿺ıʿͯǰٽʿǽ˼Ѻˣæʥʻʺﰲ

һƵӧ.ǹԱߵʿ嵽Ѹǰץסĸ첲

ӡӡ
ǿҪﺬᣬֶ÷Ħ֣οЦȵˣöӣҲˡ

ˣ
ŻӦ
⺢ӴСǸӲͷ֮ǰ˺֣һᣬ񿴵ĥ˲žžવ£ḧݵĲƿ½

ѲԵָۣĿҲŮָ׵ץʱʱŭŤͷԱ˿ڣŭسӣ˺ҵǰɣ
Ĩ˰ѽӸǺãӽ.ǹȵߣ幬

˵䣬ʹ˳еȽʿǰȥ
ͽŵı˾ǿҵĶӵİοæס

úչ˵Լ
֣ͷҲصǰߡ

ʱҿֽץסεķ֣ǿŲڵشκʱʵ̫ûͿ

˼ˡ


ҸסŤ󿴣Ŀԡ
ʵ˭ܿóǶɱˣѡ
ü׽谣

һѡ
סظһһȻڼؿƷŭã֣صǣ׽谡

˵⻰˿̱ۣһԲ

谣御ˡ

ҵİΣôҲȥӦ
ߵ·ϣĬĬţǲѾܵϵʹˣǱߣϳûб֣ûкͶ١С䰲ȫ룿᲻Ǳӣ

ҹǧǧ䣬Ƽǰ⣬Ǵۣ֮ĻҩŨ
綼ؿʶûôҺѾͱ̧ȥ
»ȦϡӪоμšҾ䰲̲÷奡ʷ̨ﴢĵȳسڣȫһԣѳˣæΧʰ

ҸϵֺѾͷ̫ҲˣȺƺĽϱ

ͷȥ̿Ƽ䡣

ˮϴ˳ңҶӷ϶ĲӸ˻ůָɾȻѣθϮҸоͷģҲ֧Ųס˹ȥ



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һΣܳܳΡ

ҾȻεʮһ꣬ʱĸʢ裬ЩµСΣбִɴѳĻΡ̴ľֽӣżҵĽЩʵҵĿһȥ仨ơ

ľģСԲϣ˵ȥɽ֥ڶԲϧĸֶͻȥ

תĳݣ˵֮ǰĸ׽ҪʺġŮ򡷣Ĳãĸ˵ģ鳭飬ȳͱˡһ¶ڼŽ飬ӶҪˡ

ҵʱŽ㣬֣ܿ͵͵ͬ˵Ұ㳭Ǿͳȥúһ֣ҹŻǧһҹ裡

ѾԾԾˣĸ˵˰գԪȥͻƣʱˣüȥˣˣĸָ˵ˡ

˵ᣬԸ
ŵʱ򣬸ɾŴ룬ʱżҸᣬָֺÿյƣһյ϶£䣬һյʩɴҡ

żҸ罫ϣõļ磬Ц֪ѾͷȥɽʣµġŮ򡷸㳭ֻǲҳʳֶӡ

䰮ֵظĦŻƣƤسŴͷ磬ˡ



ţҾˡ

Ҳ֪Լ˯˶ãͷεģڿտգðǡ
´̼ǵôܵʱ磬Ѿҹ˵ƣҾ˯ôã

ҷԼʱƫĴϣϤĽĵᣡ֦ԱߣϤ--ѣѾϴˣ°ɫ£ͷ룬һϵͷҩζŨɫ԰ףҪʱҪöˡ

ѲˣۣŤͷңʣˣ

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Ӧǿ
ҿȦֵﾹûһ̷ĹˣԲϰʳŨڵҩɽ¯ȼ㣬ߣȻſŸ׵С꣬ҵ
ͷЩң⳨ţϸ׵ķ϶ܿѪ͵ĺۼͷڸ첲ϣ֪ǲ̫ˣЩأˮѽϳʪһС硣

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ÿ죬Ǹѩ˵ҪܵܣֻҪСľͷޣôˣܱˡ

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˿û¾ͺá

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ô
ҴΪԺתЦЩǲһ
Ȼϳ£æʣǳɺͶأû£

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ʯͷ˴룬ʣ㴦ô

ûС
ҡҡͷ޵㣬ԼҲ֧ڳȶ⣬СľͷǣƽҺ׶ûѣæڴߣӶۣⲻſ¾˯ˣмҪȥţɣǵ޺㡣

һ㡣
Ц
ʱҷ鲻ԽȥĦӵͷ·𿴲㣬Ѱ˻ӡ

һҪӵʱȻ˯ˡ

ֱ۾Եɵɵҿ˸ֳŴضվǵؿҺѣ˰ͽǺźϴ÷ٰѶүҲ

ææ
קסӣöڴߡ
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һ㶣Ƥͷ͵Ц
۵һˣûϣͷļͷ޵ǵСӣӲסսӦ

㶼ˣһΪҲˡ

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ŶӵıЦûǵѼӣôݱء

ҲᣬֳסͷῴүЦ˵ҲǰˣŰա

á
ݸȻ䣬ðţҪȥϣ




199.  ҹ   Ϊۣұ췴

199--

Ӳ, ǣùǰڴ, һھڴš
û, ʳͰһӡ
ף, Ƕ˳ȥ̷Һ÷һ漸, һ, в, Щ֡

ע⵽, ӿܿ˺˵ٻʵԪɰʱ, ܻһʴպ˵ִ֮£Ҳû׷ϸڡ

ʵӱȵѾʱ, ӦĳϸʹҲ֪˺֮
Ҿע⵽, ۾Щ, ƺ޹, üҲźİ, ҺͶ, ǰºƽ򶨡

һϲŭɫ֮, Խʹ, Խص

Ҳܿ£ͷɡϡ
DDߵʱջδˣҲ⼸ղû
FСԸԳ, ȥʲôħꡢȺ

ƽҲðСٻˡ

š˵ͷǽźϴ֪Ѿȥһʱˡ

Ҵ˻˸٣˸һױü˻䣬ϴ˷κҩ
ۣ˵ҩҽιˣ̫綼õϣɼ̧̫ųƫţϸһ̷ߣҺࡣ

ԭΪ˵ӣǵ
ɵ߳ƫʱҷ鲢ô򵥡

öˡ

ƷϵĹǲ顢ɡСԱɣʷ̨ʷʷƸУ䡢ȵȣ
ٺ佫ңΪ䰲ӪСλӪʹ·ͨ˾Ļ÷
һЩѫףƩڡ

ע⵽÷ʱϺѪɫٷԼѪŮٲš

ǰȥ⻹ı̶Ȳͬķˣϼӿء

ẉֵ̂ϡϵȣ
йжȣ
ԬĴӡԬеȣ
ǹǰ·ӣݡˡ

ھĸˣȦڸ

֮ˣ
谣
麣·׸Ԭһ²Ա
˾̫̾ӡ奣ĸ̫šСȫӵȣ
˾ʹ٣
ٻʵۡ·֣
̫ҽԺĪ̫ҽ

зϺ䡣



̣Ϻй֮޲

һʼΪҪղŻı永û뵽ûϡ

ͷȥһ£Ǵʢųˮ֮öʿǹĺӧ
̾ӡ奺ͺŵ˾̫ࡰʩܡݶϣ̷ѡ
ʩҼģʮ꣬еòˣƽջҲ٣δʶЩûôǨȥ

ֻʩܴ̫ǰ濪·Ӷɨǰ½ߵʱ˷Ǹѣһ˹Ȼ۴߻ݶѿƣ޵İ׷üʱ̬һģһէһۿȥȷѷ١

вٿƺЩѵĴ΢΢䣬ֿŭ֮У
ѶпرС룬ûУ
ݣĿ˸ηС

ڼٻʵ۸ǰŸ㲵ˣǿ֣Դ˸´󣬵꺢Ӱ͹ССһ飬ͷҲбȹӡǣ㣬ָױι⣬Ѫ

ҡҡͷŤͷұ߿ȥ
ָͷֵסֽţϵķѱӴ飬ҲЩˣ
ʱ̱ǰǷģ˶ϣظϵɵЦ谶ԣ˯
ţͷͷֱ죬˶ίƵģ磬Ҳϲߡ

ڴʱ俴ңǡĿԡ

ͣƬ̣ԭΪҸŮˣ˵һţҲúݺݵһۣʱֻе꣬ʹسݸһЦ
סۣƺҺ죬ȭͷԴȻȻЦŮ𡣡

վ˫۵Ҫץҵĸ첲ȥ硣
סʹŵѣֺֽУѣǷſңؽġ

ŤͷתŴĴָϵİָ
̫ʩ⣬˦·ס죬ǿдϳȥˡ

ҡҡͷȥѸǰķϣʱйǰ̧˼ҸǰС˸Ͳˮ

λ䳼ʥסͿָ̧ͨްɡ
Ѳϣӹٵҩǿž˼ڣ¹谡

ϵĻѱȥͷһߣޱضԼѪ۵ֿͬǰ㣬͸ľȻǷϣ˫۾ȱź޺Ͳʡ

ȥ׸
°΢̧ʾʩȥԬ塣

˭֪ʩܸԬĸ첲Ԭƿ̫࣬ñȡ£طǰ˫ַأŹɿǻﳼԱ£δ̵ܽ谣۵ñѣʵˣ½

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죡
ŭֱӳǰһһ谡
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˵ʩܴ˸ƣ׸һ
˫ַԬĸ첲׸͵ӱߣãԷϱ裬Ц׸ĪҪһе͢󣬱йϡ

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·֮ʱҺ÷奡ĽԲߣԭ뽫ԬģֽԬ˳ȥ
һЩ˵ף˵Ծ׸δûиʱ룬ѺԬǷԬǱۡɳѵ֪ŹǣԬΪʦ᲻ҲĽһ谵Եʣ׸֣

ʦͽٳǣܱסԬһ

÷奻Ԭ壬Ҧ𡢺μġЩԸ죬ݻֱѽݵ£ĳǷǳˡ

ŤͷѣЩ˺ܶ࣬ƺҪðϵĸ㣬ָ˺üβ۾϶ǳˣ׶أû˵þȺҲûѰŻʶϡ
û뷨ֻϣƽƽģٱʲô¡

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ѳ˿ҩĸ㣬̧̧°͡
ʱһԵĴ̫ʩܻ⣬ֱ·ּı

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ǰȥ󳼺ͼλسдϣ߽Ĭ֮

ʱ÷߳ʮµſݳüбޣǺ񴽣µĺ޼룬ǹ˷֮ˣҶеӡ󣬴ǿƽԪĽʿ̲ɡ

ظѺһ֣̲˳Ǹһķ̣ͷ˾ڡ

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Цһݾڣδ򿪣ʮظ飺

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ݾڣڶݣŵ̲ӷĳ󣬵֪ƽ£ԪͷϺҺ󹬰Ŵ뱻ΪѧĻȥݣǱڳݺɣԵҹΪ
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ڲƽ
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¶ʮ谺Ͳ̾ӵĪ̫ҽŻѪѣ֮ɲ̾ӽָڣڸ·ʱҩ
÷ݺνʺ˽ʱ˳µŻѪԣǣͷնɱ˾Կ£ð踣¹඾Ƚ乬ת

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бۿŵĲ̾Ӻͺţ׵˸񣬳飬̾ı谰һŹһֱ̲顣

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ۿ£Ůˣ֪޵ļɻ䣬ıͼѪĸӽȱС

⻰æ谣޺ү
谷ߺ޵ײ֣Ů˿̵.޵.ˣޣ
ֿˣʱ˸ۣιȥֿʼѪʱѪϳĸвʡ



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Ťͷѣ棬ȻҲ˼ǡ

ʱѶҩ˼ڣ谣Ŀϣģ·ڸż̰Ȩ֮գЭıأѵˣȵʱ޶һĵλǾأЩãʵ֪޵ʲôҲڷţˡ

£
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ʱһŵǰɨԬ壬׸һá
⿪·صĴۣһƵ谸ǰһĽžͰ߷ڵأ˼²ͣס

߹ȥվͣ£֣˸崺ĵʡ

治Т㣡
־ʹȥҷֶӿܿҪרΡ첲ЩطˣۣСھлųֺڣû¾Ͱ谵Ѹơ
谳ʹһʼҪҧزʵڳŲסʹغС

ҳѿȥŤͷһԲȺҲûһվֹ
ʱҷѾ򵽽䣬ԹصڴŴ˾䣺С

ǡ
һ´ȥ߬סʣָ谵棬Ա侲Ц磬ǸܿסµľӣλҲҪ

ߡ
谲мط˸ۡƾĸиĸףӸλ׳Ϊɽʵƫݵ޷죬ңҰˣǰܸ㣬ʧܸ첻ʣ˲ңûһʱɱ˻ʵۡ

죡
õʳ谵죬ûµ˲ŻԹ

ǵؿϵĸף˿ڣһ쵽ŹĶǣҪôԴӮҪô䱧Թײƽѵû᣿ûĴù̫ʧˡ

üҡͷĺ̺塢̫ƽǸ׺ڳʮģôײôνǷǲӣҫۣһҿȫǳŵ֪࣡ʲôأȴӰأȥֺùԱ׹֧췴̣׸ѪкĿʦ
֪֪ԽѾĸһǿһգܱ߲Ҳٲͼǿ类˹Ϸ裡ûǵĶȻĩãȥֺף¸󳼣ôԽ˴ǲҲҪͣ

谱Ūס˵ҡҲᡭ

㲻ʲô
Ųס谵м˿ڣ߳ûǵĶΪۣұ췴




200.  㺮   ϶Ӧ͵ҩ̺ҹҹ

200--㺮

Ȼİ, ûһվ˵

ѱۣͷϲò˳, , ԬĹñվֵܸǰ, ͷ

µѹĻѺԬ塣
ߵĲ̫¡̫顢̫, ڤ粻, ˵ͨˡ
, Ǿڵض, ı󰸣Ʊǣ㡣̼ǵöʮǰȵ۷̫, ôһһҲصޡ

ߵѸǰϵ麹, ¾ͽ˾ȥӲ, ƫЪϢɡ

š
ѳس˿, ҵ, ҷ, ֮˳Ĭ
, ָ̧, , ̧ۿһŵĴ̫ʩܣɡ

ʩ΢˫ס, Ӧеǡ
ֻʩ͵ָͷȥᣬǰڽ֮ϣȡõּ߸߾˦·Ȧܣڳվú

ּı永³̲̽ºʷ̨˾飬˾Ҳб֮𣬶Է׾켰в֮ˣ̴

ʩģﵱйͣ˷ѡɳسڵ˹֮ҲУ˾÷˾ǧ궨̫ۡҽԺԺж١ӪС˾ӹΰԷ͡

ʩתԶ谣üͷ΢ʳı棬֤ȷ䣬ô𲶾Ȼѵﲻɱֽ谴гΪˣ棬ǽؼȦرأý

һ̾˿ʹĸ谵ȷأŮⱲҲ۽ȥˡ

ѵʴȣСһ

ʶ谿ȥּȻҲƬȻЦЦ޵˿Ѫĭ첲ǽĵվҡһΣԹضѣмüһЦ

Ŷ֪ˡ

˵⻰谳ʵۻ˻֣ԹߣзӰ̶ЦȥȦˡ

˵ʵֵ治Т綼һȥˡ
ᷳص谣ڴʱǰС̫ྪŵغιȥˣ죡죡̫ҽأ

ҼæתȻѴǺͱѪ̱ϡ
˲һƬհףѱôҿɲ顣

֮䣬ҿȺ˶̫ҽҲżغ콫̧ƫ

Ҷ֪Լôܻصƫֻ̫ҽӽ̫ཫ޹˵ȥ˵Ҫרʩ롭ӻҸǰһȰұż϶ûµġ



ҹžƽ

³Ǳ˼գٴγ˯ֻҹ滹ϸ·Ц̸̬;ɢϡ

ƫյƣɽ¯еЩĵԶ㣬λسԽ֮⣬صƽϢ
ͷһڷ١ｫ顢ȦȦԬ岢δ뿪Ҳûнƫһֱڵ⣬

ֻǸʼ

ڴߣѣţɫ

ү̫ͣãڴߵСϣŶٸʩ룬ʱʱظԱŵļλ̫ҽҩ˵඾δ壬𣬸ҪʼҩԡָܻÿЩ

ﵣѣʲô˵ҲʣĬĬᡣ
վְҼϣȰĪҪǣ̫ҽ˵ˣֻǱѪӿεģ
ҲȰҺһ˵ţȥЪϢ

֣ŴűεҲżæŵظ̼ԿĵȰĪҪ̫ģñǣĸеĺ

ѻţôܷء
Ѿи÷奵ͨȰȰѣ󳼼úñһӡ

ԼĪһյĹҿԵ΢£ۡ
ޱȣɨȦˣĿϣ̧֣ҵֱݸ

Īޣû¡

ˣŵ£Īޣô̲סᡣ
УСʱӹòãɳҲҹҹھС
ңǺˡɷ򡢸һףĲԼӣӸҲЩʲô

ҷȥᣬʵڳлͬ˵

һü¡

ʱ໥Ȼô˵ڣ뵱ͷ

ҿҦȻӺ˰÷奣÷ҧгݵŤͷŭҦ
ҦŬŬ°ͣʾ⣺˵

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ѳĬƬ̣סۣ򴲱ߵĶ٣ʣǡˡ

룬æ»صжҩҽ

ʱһŵĶųȻ߷ߵ˦ӣһվ۶ӣֱѣü

£ϳǿײĵˣðӣҲҪ˵ʵʵµΣԼǶǰ֮ʱ役֮ģʮһյļ죬СϤĵϣʮ˷жԪǿҹֻͣĹ⾰ˡ

ꣿ
һ⣬ͷ˵һըľȻŤͷѡ

ȻҲ£ܿƽûضŴЦЦ֪ˡ
תµĳ֣ڵ˻ӻ֣£ԱģæգҲˣ°ɡ

÷奺Ҧﴢĵ˻ཻ
ѻˣʵˣδĽ飬ɻΪֱִ͵ƿݽߡ
ףǵʹ¾ģɣôôﲻء

ʱҲһůȥԭץסҵ֣ĦңﺬǸ⣬ิ֮ɫ̾˿ﷳĻţ˵˵ɡ

Ƶ

пϲҲ²ȥǣҵͷĬ

ҽƿڴߣкܶŭԹۻȰ˵Ļɵߣȴһֶ˵ұܿĿ⣬ЦЦ˵úЪϢգЩƣ檡檳ȥߡ

˵⻰ߡ
ڶ׷һӻֵ֣ڱ¸ǰ̼



ʵҲ֪ĶȥﷳҸ徲ضһ㡢һ

ҹ࣬ϵ±һĨסеƺʧȥҪ׷Ĺ⣬Ҳ˸

촵ҵȹǣ·˴Ƶģȷǳ

ǰԻŲŮŵͷ֮ء

һȴҵ̣԰ĵҩɢһأ˼̤ɻ࣬ǽںͻϵѪѸɺԣζͻһ飬ﲻѲҹִڵѲ©֮㡣

һеһУֶָյ·ʲôûƫƫַ˺ܶࡣ

ڴʱ嶣תȥȾͷָ̬Ůˣ֣ơ
ſۣ̻٣˶佫δĵϴ˽˵ױ䲻ֹͶ価Ӻݹ

֣˸ЦʺŲÿ죬檶׷ˣƣﶨ˸߸ŷְɡ

Щ֣ͬϵȤٶЩն죬׷ඡ

һЦе̫Ī̫ľĳ֡

ס֣ı䣬ӿͷ̾˿ͷᣬǧٽ
֣ҵֱ½ҳ⿪㣬֪㵣˵ͷ¶أ߾ͻȥޡ

ҿЦ԰ʲô֪ȴ

֣ĬȻ̾𢣬ȹ󼺣Ṽˡ

ֱϵĨȥŤͷ֣ʣ㣬ô

ΪŮˣԹ
֣⣬ݸüһЦؽ͵ȴǺܾģؾҲл߳š߳ȥ¿ǵ΢ͣɣʱĲ˵ȷ˺ޣҲٴ£ȵۣ綼ҶˣɼǸġ

Һ֣ٴγĬһǰߡ

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ڴʱҷǰͷӰ´£Լ

߽֣Ԭеˡ

൱Ǳһߣһֳҵɢڱϵױѱɢϵɴ˺˺ü¶źۡ

ʱ޵úòңԬнűߣ˫ץסԬеӣ󣺡ˣñºͻʺĳ谮ͬ飬ҪһܣҰ߰ɣûչˣ֪ôȥ

Ԭһѽӳߣ߷ߵصҲûסִһ⣬ȵʲô㾹Լǹ

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̱ڵأʹؿޣԲס֪ԼͿҴˡ

֪գαص
ԬӲϵĲᣬʣڼȥ߲ߣ

ǡ
𲻸ҿɷų

Ԭصû𣬴̴ﳤȥ

СС
ŽнԶɷ˫ȭҵأ۵һޡ

εҡҡͷѾͷڲس˰ɣԺĴۻ

ڴʱҿ԰սǴΪ׵Ǹ˰׾ʣͯܵǰ˫ֲסŮˣʣô˹Ϊο޵ģ

ʹ֣ץסͯĸ첲޵ôҪˣǶҪˣһˡ

ͯḧıȰ͵ĪҪ˵Ļ˵㣬е˹㡣



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￴϶ǡ
Ӳϵ֬ᣬȥѣͷҲһᡣ

лл
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̾˿תͯЦʣҹôڹ

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ͯṧлЩշˣλҲѱһֻүĲҪ

Աա
ЦЦû˵ʲôͬ乬ȥ
ϳ¸п˾䣬˵ͯʱ÷奺񣬵ʱҲΪȻ񿴿ͦ



һŲʹ㵽乬

콫δԶҾ乬֮ļδȲ¾֪ˤһӣֶʯӶƣҲ˲Ϻۣ߶ֱǰܣ˭֪ܵ乬ſڵʱ㣬ŵü

Һ֣һۣĵá
ҴҸǰȥֹȻ죬ʱվڷ㵸ϵΣԼȥģµĹŮֺ޵ø

Ҫȥ𴦣ӵİӻû˽أվֵˡ

̫ľݣҪȥŪ֪ƿ

㣬ЦżҪժǣﱧŸͷź庢˯СȻ·ˣͣ·񲣬ת߿ճյضҵãȻӶŸ첲˷ܵسҺ

ϳˣҳȥˣȥ仨

Ժȭ˻ߵ棺òá

·ʲôͷ¿ȥƼסˣˣ߶𣬶ͷ֪һ߰ûվȣӷ˵һϣŵأ˴ڴŴѵŤͷ𣬿ſźȻᣬ˼¾Ͳˡ

Ҳʱ̷ŮĹȼˣشðûþͽǲɴվ

͵ؾͼ֮ǰǸΡ

СʱŴҺֱյƣҵɳ϶¡Ȼ꺦ٲŮˣʮȥˣɵŮ֣Ҳ겻ѡ

䰡㵱֪ܲ滹и㺮






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ôķޣʻ˽, һ˾ûܺ, , дҪ۾, ﶼٲ

أ
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Ҳܺʵۣ
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ҺϧԼ, ˲ء

ʹ֮£ûְ, ӻ˸

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ҺĽׯһ˺ü, ÿռҪôͬ˵仰ҪôŪֵĵҪôȥɽ档

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⼸죬ѵңȺȰһسҲ˺üΣ˭Ը
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ҡ
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ЦЦûн⻰磬ʵĽĻֻеķˡ

ңǲģҪƽƽӿ

⼸գϢ½Ѿת

˾Ļ÷ξȼΣУͻ飬ǱһŮ
˾λٰԽǧۣһ.ƤߡǱյؾѵʿС䣬ҲӦܵ˷͡

ͱзı永Ѿ˾׶Σ谺ϡϡϼŮȫȦ

Ĵӷն׵նסóҵĳҡóĳ

⣬ѻȸ˸䣬ڲ̾ﻭѺ󣬽̾ӸȸȸȫȨá



Ъ˺üգҽﻹŸСģûʲôθڣǿԼԶȡ
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ֵͷ䣬ϵƷ·˰㣬һƬʢŷ۰׺ɻ㴩䣬żһԽˮ棬Ƭ꣬ǵûϵСѾͷЦ

С¯ֻͭͷŲ裬Сϰʳһ÷ơڽ˿ϯϣҡСȣЦſĽ㣬ʱĽڴߣ노ժ

Ҷųɣϳɴڣ÷Ӿƣ嶺노Ц

Сӷˣ̫ˡ

ЦֲǸϲݵģ˵

ɺȻһЦ̾ôˣҹŮĸСˣЩϷα鳤ʮඣǳмӵ֥úãСϲԣϧܲصҪߣȫҶר֥Ǹҳԣʱ򻹵棬Ϸһ˻⡣ȥأӯǳѾͷúǳǣΪ£˵ҺöΡ

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ҲˣǸݾˣҲ߶߶䲻ŮӣʵҲʮǰΪҪǸ֣˷⽮ۿŵʥ裬һɵ

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