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ԸĸһӣҲҪ̤ǵĽսҪǸڿһۡ
Ȼûϵ˾ڵĸ
ԭżģԼĻ֣Ҳ⣬ǰ¶ա
Ȼȴ׷Ϸţ㵹ǳˡ
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1.   1    ͵Լһ¡

ܷҹһС˵һȻߵˡ
Ҫٵۣܷ𴲣оԼͷеΡ
һ˵Ժһ˯Ҳҹˣ
Ȼȥϰ࣡

ȴ룬ڸϵʱͷͣ۾һεˡ
ε֮ǰӶǣҲҹˡ

һϢдܷ͵ؾѣۺǰһżȴɷǳĪ
һ룬ѹ֡ʹࡢƵһϻڼŮҰңѵ֪ǿ

ܷסӣ˺һ޵ǵͨ죡
ûڵ״Ҫ֣ʿ
һ룬ǸȴֱԺ
ⲻ쿴ǱС˵ķ

ſǱС˵ܷС˵ݼ¡
ǵԭһɣһֻȸޣǳΪʣͬʱҲԭŮİ¹⡣
ɸûģǸħ޻ħ޵ķ裡
ܷһҲϲɡ

Ļﻹ͸¶һϢǾǣԼǺϻڵˡ
ԭУһξڱУһ仰͸ˡ
ԭһʱ򣬱һϻڵĵӷ֣Ȼϻڵ۲ʵͰѿ˯ˣüĿΪӴֱڣΣ
ȻǸԭֶûеڻң˯ͱһˣ

ûв´ǴϿǱ棿˯˴֮󣬾ͱһڻң
ҲǸִҪˣ

֪Ϊʲôܷȫû֣ǲǾͻصִĽҡ
һǲǻܻȥ
Լزȥˣֱˣ

˼Ժ﷭²ָͣ
ڿ߻ħ˵ҲСˣ˿ָֻ̲֮ͣǲСߵ棬ûҪ˼߰ɣ

Ϊϻڵĵӣ˵΢΢βǹ

ԿûΪ˵ЩͷŹһЦˣ߾𣿼ȻʼǸ˼ٽͣôš

ܷµ巢þԼֵſţ֪ˣҲӦ㣬뿪ҲϽϢ

ΪԼ˵Ϣÿ⣬֪Цøа񣬡˫Ϊǵÿ죿ֻҪͨ˫ްڷӵڣ鲻ͽ𣿻ΪֻǺϻڵ˲Ż˫ޣ

аܷܾ̾ȻҲ֪ԭǲǸԼҲιҩҪܾģǿһʶָϻǣ§˿Ĳӡ

ܷ̲ס˳ԼӣҲģһ㶼ģŹҰɣ
˵꣬Ҳȥˡ
ϻڵĵӶôҪƿҲոջһ˰

ȻҲ֮ǰ֪Լ
ʱʵ̫ˡ
ԽǺ£ԽǷݽ˿

һôȻȻ
ĹǵĺϻڵӣǶ˻Ů˵Ǿ޴ģοϻڵĵӻ˿

һжܷ˵ȴѰ
ǰôС˵֮е㽶ڴ˿ 
Ʋסķ䣬ίֻֿšҸĳֽ֮

ܵǣܵ˿
ǿʱ򣬱ԼźҵԵֱײ·Ҫ˴͸ơ˺ѣ

һֻ˵ľ

ûѹʱԱǳ˯Ŀ

ܷһŽ˵ʵڵģڶûиô¡
һ˲䣬ǿҵֻһ뷨ܣұҪܣȻѹҾˣ

ʲôԼʲôȥǵһѡ
ǵãԭ׼ȥҺϻڷйֺϻڵо֮žԩͷծŹ˺ϻڡ

ȻԼΪӰ쵽ϻڣǿ϶ҪѽȻ
ܷоǱһ
òС뿪Լľٶ󣬾ͳԱߵĿ

ʱŷ֣طһɽﷱƽƣһĺȥ
ֲÿʵ̫ˣȻԭҵطԭϸպһƳ˴Ƶı

뿪֮ܷ
ʱȥҵ˼Ҳؽԭļ䡣

һϻڵĵӣԭֻһ仰ĴڣʵǺϻڷǳ츳ĵһˣΪ̫츳ԲԸ˽ںϻĴ֮£ϰ˺ϻؼ֮ųҺʵ˫ޡ
ȿϵľԭŮ÷ʦ֣֪׼Ҫ˯ʦ֣͸оһɸǿŶ´ʦ֣ҵ˿

ȻԭͱˣԼԽȻҲⲻ˺Ϳ˫ޣ
ǿҵʹΧܷ
ԩҲҲطϾԭ׼ȥַɣַˡ
ԽԭϣԭѾˣҲǰܺߡ
кޣ֪﷢й

ǾҪ̫һС
һһܹδڹȥʹ൱С
ҪúùԺѽ

ܷ𽥻һЩǵòײ뵽˻ָתھġ
ԭأ·һֱʱʱʵ£ڵʮ˴ھʱȥЩۼ
ϵĲʣҲһ˲ʧ

ȷʵȿҽҪˣܷԺúϰС
һ߸·ɣһ߻Ӧɳ
Ȼϵ˺ûˣһλҲʹ˫ޣһЩԼ
ܷίίͺܷ

ڣ㶨˳ܸɸɾؼǰС
֪ԼҪȥ
ǿ϶еģʱɿ˵֪ԼǺϻڵˣѹָ֮һȥϻԼɱйͷ֮ޡ
ڲܹغϻڡ

ԭʱıȽżϳ˰õķ֮⣬û
ʯҲûУҩҲûУھһȡ

˺ܾãŶʹˣһԷɣˤҲˡ
оˡ
ڵΪѾԱٹˣΪһͨ࣬ô꣬һ춼ûгԷӲҲѽ

ôôĴԽߣܷԶɽľһǣ̧ǸȥģҹҰҪǻڸ£߶Ҫˣ
뵽ŶҲᣬҲǣ˵ֹΪֹҲ˲100֣ҶȥŮò绨ˡ

ΪˤٳԷзܷ˺ô죬֦ͷˣߵСľǰ
߽СݣѾķ˺ܾãȻһľ崲ȫ֩ͻҳ

ֲܷò߳СݣһЩ֦Ͳݣ򵥵İ˸ɨ㣬һһߴԴɨСϻ趨Ҳ̫˰ɣѾھܾˣȴôĳʵ
ҲǸöҶѾǸˣҪͨ˫ޣҵ͵
ҲҲҪɱŰ

ڴϣΪƣ˯ȥ˯֮ǰﻹ߶Ҳ֪᲻ỳУӦòᣬӦܹǸҲɾҲûж˻еģľѽ˭Ӱ
Ǿ͵Լһ£ʲô¶ûˡ






2.   2    ܷǾȥ

޸Ǻܺõģһɵܷڴ˯˸

֮ܷŶӣһô
Ȼľݵݶ뵽ϷһУһ񣬷ſڴϣίְԹԭĴԽˣҴԽ֣ôѽ

һĴ˿öԣǺԶ

Ϊ̫ܷûվָԼʩһ֮󣬴СľݵţûиоΣգ̤Сľݣ׼ȥҵԵġ
û߶ԶͷһùϽŻƳγεĹӣŵĹƮ
ǹ̫ˣժӡ
һľʹô֦ҲûЩӵ

Ҳ̫ǿ˰ɣܷľڵϣȹڣڷк֮䲻ͣǻ
ˣ͵ǸϰԺҪɵѽֳܷ︡СŮˣṦĳˣȻҪһƮƮСŮ

ȻھСĬܵԼԽԽᣬܷһϲҺˣ
žһڵϣˤ˸ƨɶա
еʹģ޸Ŀھ֮ʹоʧˡ

ܷվֿʼԥӵֵֵˤƨɶأ
߼뿪ֻ뿪ֻ֮Ǿһԡ
ֻҪ޸ٶȹ죬Ҿ͸ܲʹ

ڵʮ˴ܹ֮׸߿գժһŹˤ
ҲΪʹ֮޸ҪڣֻҪһʵʩˡ

ܷ³ԹӣŴĹڳĶõ㡣
֮Խϰժ5ӣ¼ԡ
һ߳Իһ߲ͣ߶߶óѽũҩĹζǲһ
ٹ趨Ϊʲôأʳô࣬ôɶб»ȡʳʳֱڲô趨Ӧøʳѽ

Ա֮˸Ƿȥ˯
һ֮ǰҹ̫࣬Ҳûֻ棬˯ɣ

ܷվӣܵθЩĹĵģο㡣
뵽ԼˤôӣԼԼЦѽĻˣˤҲӦðѺˤ˰ɣ

ҲΪЦŻ˵
ԼӦòỳУϾĴҶҪ˭ѽ

ܷСľ¡
ֲͬˮϵģģһˮ±ߣΪ˳ܷ֮ѾʮϤˡ
ɵɽ֮ɽȣҵһСӣϴ˽ţץ㣬ζôõĿ㡣
ҲǳԵ

ץһֻСӣԭ׼ģϾôɰúҲܺóԣ죬ǰøˡ
ûûζĿãȻҲζ

վһֱȥ
ܷȲʲôʳ֣ҲҰˣο̫ˡ

ÿժˮǴԣ˷ֻܷ˯˵˶ûСܷϳ°̾˿ҪһֱԼԼ˵ڶư˰ɣ
Ҳ֪ɻûҡ
ǳȥĵش

ѡ˸ѾȽķǸɹȥɵСԷ˺þúþãŵһ

һȻкܶͨƽˣȴҲʿû
ڸֽ䣬ǽǣԼҪ֪Ϣ

һֻΪˣںöʿΪ֮ϣɲǰΪΪˣ
һСһΪ̫ƽˣ㲻֪緢һ𣿡

˵˵Ѿҵ𣿡

ǽǵܷ
˭ұ˺ڹڹλûȫ

ǸŮĻ˺ɣûҵ֪ϢҴ˭֪ľ棬ľǼ٣
Щ⣬ʲôϵǶ֪ҪҵǸǺϻڵϻڶ˸췭ظܻûҵɣ

ܷһˣôѺϻ˸췭ظо֮

ǸŮӽ˵Ҳҿϻڵʻе飬ûֳ
ܷ˿
ôҶûأȻˡ

ҡͷͣˣǾҵ˰ɣҲ֪Ǹϻڵĵôˣܲ˰ɣ
Ů˵ôܣʲôأ˭ôƾǰʵˡ

ܷѲ˻
Ҳ̫ˣ󶯸ɸȥһɣЩﶼú
ӣԼ˯˵ˣȻǲк³İɡ

ܷʶӣֳ˳ӡ
öԣòŵ˰ӵζ
ûǮҲûʯ
أòһҡ

˲֮ܷǾȥ
һҪȥȷһû˰ԼڹڹĽǷȫ
ǿȥûԼġڼҲ
оǻȥԼûиĽʲô˺Ӱ졣
ĸɵ˺Ӱ죬ֻлˡ

ɵ·Ҳǳ
ֲܷ̰˯ҷ̫߷̫죬ʱʮͲ˵ˣΪ㲻巽һ·ϵײײ˲ˣغϻڵ·ͼ߳˹ƱǷĲۣһ֮ص˺ϻڡ

ϻһɽͷ֮ϣƣ̨ͤ¥˷ɫᣣеζҲջ󣬺һŵͻ˹ͷ
ܷԼ˹ͷԭģһ··Ҳ̫ˣͷ˯ҹٳһٺմӣ

ܷʿˮСص
ӭһŶȹĺϻŮޣܷʱ˫һֽΣСʦ

ܷĹŵӣıֻǺܸߵġ
ԭƽҲʲô裬ܷͲñ˵ѽһˣ

Ůഺ磬ʲôĥѵӣСʵ˵﷢һЩ£Ҷû¶ɣ

Ů޽һҲ֪˭ǵߣ£ûҵҵˡ
ܷ֮˿ԭû˰ұڹ
ȻûжԺϻʲôҪһΰɣ
һҪҵġҲ

ʱǸŮ̾ӦҲҲǸˣֲ֪˼ҳʲôӣ߰Ҳô˵óҪô
˵ʱ͵ǸǱ֮ڽõ϶ҪѽҲûͨˡ
Ȼһ֣Сʦǵȥʦﱨһ²ڳ֤Ӵ˵ǰСʦûиһˡ

ܷһֱͷ߻ָ֮׼ȻԼѴɰϡ
ܲܵʱҪ˼һ£ǴɰһҪϵġ

ƾżصԼغֵǮĶŽ˴ɰٰѺɰ䡣
Ȼһ߱ڷתתȥһ˼
Ȼȥ˱ڳ֤ǴӦòںϻڲŶԡ
ҿȥ̽һ£ںϻûʲôΣգͻǲҪȥҰˡ

Լ»Ұӣܷ̾˿






3.   3    군ˣŮ÷񡭡

ܷʱڱչء
ֱȥǸŮ޿ʦĶ
ʵǸʦ壬ڱ˵ܷʦֶҪһܷСʦ塣
Ϻˣںϻڴһ¡

ܷ֮Ϻ˫΢΢˸ԡ
ǰסܷ֣Сʦ壬ղǰ޶ˣǳϯŴᣬһܾˣǵǧҪ˫ޡ

ܷһԼȻ˵ʲôǧԼ˫ĻЩ̫׵һ뵽Ǻϻڣɾߵѽ

ܷˣǰ·Ϻˣ˵ɱңźÿأҶƲˡ
ûôõĿڲţ˵ЩٳĿ˻ϵĿޣһʵ⡣

Ϻ˵콿εЦСʦңҵСʦÿһЩ

ܷ룬ÿɱǰڵϿЩǶÿˣ
˭֪ϺڿлһȦǸȦ˲ͱһ澵ӣܷǰܷһˣ𾪣

ʲôŮǰ
ԣŮ
ţôܳôÿ
ٻܿԼԽ֮ǰӰӣһͱԼǰƯ˳ǧ򱶡

ʱܷ֬ߵƣü续ݰס
һһ֮͸¶һȻ¶޵ջ
ִʣԼҲ̲סĶ

̧ܷԼҲ̧Ķڸ̾
أÿ

ԱߵϺ˾֪Сʦƽ϶ôվӣǿԼô˵˱ƯĻء
СʦոϵҲʮֿġ

˽ֻ̾һԷòŽ⡣

ܷһ˵¾е֧֧ģʵ֪Ҫôҽ֤Լʱڳء

֪һͷϺ˾Цһ۵һ˿εСʦһγȥʳˣɬѽ
ҲԼʱ¶ɬ˵ѾСʦ屨ȥˣʱСʦ׷ŽڵĴʦȥİɣ

ܷͷ
ԭȷʵ׷ŽڵĴʦߵģΪߵĴæʲôû

Ϻ˵ˣѾСʦٱȥˡ
˵ָ̾һʱĽʱʱǣҲ֪ĸ˯ߡ
˲֪ϻڿɶǴˣϻˣΪʱϻڵ˸˯ˡ

Ϻ̾ˡҲֵðһðյġ
ǲ֪Ǹ³Σӹһ٣ǿɾһҲѽ

ܷڨڨЦˡ
ˣ
֡.ģЩҵȫϵ
ҲãһҲС˵дô
ʹ
û׬

г䣬ܷ˽ڻصԼ
Ȼɲ£Ҳвڳ֤ҾʱȲ
ڴҲںϻܳȥ˵żںϻİȫ

صԼĶ̴֮Ӵɰ淭һЩ
֮ǰԵЩͨӿɲһ˵ǼõĿΪʳ

ܷһŽӲӵĹʵҲû̹һůӦþڵתˡ
ʱ򶼻գܷ˸Ƿ
ǳԱ˾ͷأȻû£Ǿȥ˯˯ɣ

Ĵϣ֮ǰľľ崲ֻǸ·;ҵɽ֦˯ʵ̫ˡ

𽥳˯һ˯˯˺ü죬֮ͻȻһ㶣ʲôطһˡ
ԭµļ֪뿪֮ǰڣ˯һȻڣ
ǲٹ˶þͿԽˣ

ܷĶӣȻʹΪߣҲ벻˳Է˯ʲôģôֻ࣬ҪԵ˯һΪͲ

öĽ𵤺ѾҪˣԼײײ
⵱ȻǻþȻôĽԼֲŮֻԵġ

ԼҪȥһЩԣͻȻһСＱææس嵽ĶΪ̫ţˤһӡ

ܷæվȥסСһѽˤϥǶ۰

ǸϻڵһţСʦ棬ɲѽ˯ǸڴʦǺϻˣ

ܷһ
û˯Ǹڴʦѵ
ҹʲô˼ҪɶԼ

ܷǰûȥ˯ˣԭҲǵһ־飬ǰϻڵӣü΢۲תĵǣһҪʲôѽ

ǺϻڵӿСʦ㿴Żع˵Ҳ˯ߣһĶҪѽ
һ̤ŽһǺϻڣȻ紫źħ޲࣬ǺħǲһİֲὫЩ˸ˣǶ˾˫ޣศɣˣ

ܷҲŸôҪұѽ

ϻڵһ뵽СʦһγʳͱǸ϶Ǿʧġ
СʦüͷֽСʦü帧ƽ

̰οܷСʦģϺʦ϶㴦õġ
Ϻʦ֮ǰܷȥг̵ǸϺˡ

ܷܹĹԼĶ棬⽻˴
ջǾԼȥһڴʦ֡

Լ˫޹ڶ¶ԷĺۼֻҪԼһ֪̽ûкԼ˫ޣҲͲʲô𲻸ˡ

ŵĺϻڵӣûֱӰܷڴʦǰǽ˺ϻڻ͵Ľ䣬Ϣĵض
ӻοܷСʦİɣϺʦΪûнڵĴʦָߣǸҲʲôϾǿһ³ϣֻҪǺϻ˭Ҳ붯Ǻϻκһһë

ܷʱûֺϻʲô³פҲпΪ趨Ҫû֡
ԭСڻңԭгֲһ֣ԭļȴжʮꡣ

ǵӻڼ˵³ϵĺãȻ³ãʵСԺﶼٳǳȥ˫֮ٱˣ
Сʦǲ֪أǺϻڵĵҲô׵ģ֮ǰһãΪ˯һҩޣҩ޺ֵһҩǸö

ܷ˸
λãڰοһڿң
ǲҴֻҪվȥͻᱻǸڴʦһ
Ҳ֪³ϣܲܳվվ̨ɽ

˵ţǰϺ˺ͽڵĴʦڿʼ˵ˡ

Ϻ˶ܷʱ磬ȥֻʣ֪Һϻк£ѵҲҺϻһˣɵ˫ޣ

ϵϺ˻Ҫһ˵·մѩڣһ󺮷磬ǰǺϻĹŵӰң˵ģ

ϻڴ࣬Ϻ˷־ˣɱѪˣСʦһֱչأûгȥ

ԱһŮһһδϻڵ˾ȻҲ

Ϻɫģ۾˵Ϲôûˣ˫ҲľǸԸ

ʮǣüͷϺ˵㲻˵תߡ
ȻֲͷԱߵŮӣ壬Ҳ硣
ٴϺԼҪ󣬡ֻҪǽܷ飬һн

ܷû˼ȥһ仰˵ʲôֻ֣˱һ˹ȥ

ڴʦԭŮ÷Ů־ͽӦ塣
군ˣŮ÷Ϊ˯Ů÷һˣ
Ůϴʲôأ·һ
ҵ֮ôͲȥҰˣ
غúڣ

ԣϻڻһ³أ³Ͽ






4.   4    ˣ

Լ̬ȣһҪܷܷ֮飬Ϻ˵ʲôá
ԭŮӦ忴źϻ˵ɫ䣬۵״űġͺܶһúϻʽϲ̨棬.а¼

ʱ˵˰죬ϻھȻ˽ǲڷ
ӦϺˣ֪뽣ԣѵɽаս

ܷۣ
ôаսˣ

ԭϻȷʵһЩ˺ܶ˵飬Ϊ˲ˡ
ܷʱʱҲ𣬾ɵ˺ᡣ
ڣԼ

ܷںϻڴ˼죬Ľòûԭ˵ô.аҶƯƯֿɿɰ
ҪȥΪԭƨˣܺ˺ϻڵĽǣ

ܷ߳ǸŮĽ磬Ϻߡ
ӦЦҾ֪ڣ棬һǸҵģ

ϺüܷСʦ壬ܴãֺαسѵӲҺϻˣ

ܷһ䣬Ц棬۽üȴźϻڴ󲿷ֵӶеջ󣬡ôΪңǼǺѽİɣԼԴõģ

Ȼ˵Լû˯ɫЩȻȴᶨǳޣԸҽɵһ㸺ġ

ܷɵˡ
²ʲô󲡣

Ϻַ̧ͷŷǸȥܷŮޣŭôûסСʦ壬Ҿ֪Сʦ岻ģСʦȫߵģ

ܷϺߵ䡣
ιι˵ʲô֮ʰŽģ

ԱߵӦҲû뵽Լ÷ȻָԼһñӡ
Ȼ֮䲢ûȷʲôϵԼҲгݵˣǿǴСһ𳤴ģʦôܺһϻڵŮ޽Ϊ£
Ӧ忴ܷǱġ
һܷ˺ϻЩϲֶ̨ΣȻôԼʦ˵Ļ

УһҪʦ;֪ܱŮջ·
ǰһˣʦ֣һҪ˼ϻڵŮóЩջ֮㲻ܱǡ

ܷͷޣԵѽǰ;һƬҪˣҽɵ¿ûʲôõأԺΪһ񣡡
ϺˮܷϣСʦѽԽΪˣһð취
Ӧͷʾͬ
üͷ΢˼Ƭ̣һŬҪ
ˣ

Ϻ˾ԼСʦһʲôˣһǲ֪Өļжˡ
Ϻ˿˿СʦǰȻûԼΰǴССʦ۵׵¶Ӧ㴿ĸоԼҲ̲סĶأôϵ

ܷҲͷͺҪôŰһȮģֻԼأ
ܷһ⣬΢΢̧°̲ͣת۴΢ջʮ㣬ȴߣһһʦֶ˵ˣȫߵġ
Ůһڣܷ˰Լ̬һ˲ߢ

Ϻ˵ͷǵǺϻҪһ˽ɵ£öమǸ˲а
򻨴йƬҶմ
СʦôÿôܲŲһˣ˳Ů磬ʧ

һΣһֱܷþûпڡ

ܷӦӦû뵽Լ˿ûţ
ϻڵŮʲôʸܾʦ֣һΪˣ磬жܹȵϴʦ֣
ôҲӦǴʦֲԸΪ£ôȴ޷ʦְֲŶԣ
һҪάֲסԼ䣬۵׵ĶҪ

³һüͷǳޣҿԸҪһУҿԱ֤õһģ㸺𡣡

ʲôˣ
ܷһź˿˦ȥǸˣңϲˣˣ硣
ɲഺѧһ˵ڣܷԼưԼأ
ɽ⻰ЧǸܸܵģ

Ϻ˺һԿϷϻŮޣ׷Сʼǡ
ԺǺ磬Ϳ仰ˣ

Ӧܲˣҧʦ֣Ͱ㵱ϵĳ̤ΪλҪڴ˵ر裡
˫˺ü£ȴԾɿܷ̫Ը뿪
Ӧʦ֣֪ЩǴȥж˼ʦ֣ѵʦ־͸Ը˼ǡ˵ţȻЩ޷˵ڣǴʦֵŮɫ޷԰ˣ
һ˫ۣһ˲Ȼת뿪

ܷϺ˿
ŮΪʲôߣȥ׷Ĵʦְ

ȻӦ岢û뿪һ㿴ܷϻɣͬħħһ㣬ͲӦô磬֪˻ᱻǲк
ܷһ˵ĺϻھָֻһ˶԰ɣһֱҵģҿˣ
ӦһЦɫ
Ϻ˴Ӧ壺ʮ֣Сʦֻɫֶ֣

ӦҧǴʦʲô⣬һѪծѪ
䣬Ӧݺܷһۣת뿪

ܷ뿪ӰղŰһ˲ɢˣԼʦֶأ˲ǵˡ
Ϻ·ϣ̧˳˳ܷͷСʦİɣӦҲֻǸںڵߣСʦΪ޼ɲһ˵ء

ܷҡͷ
㲻Ů24k⻷Ů
ԭС˵кŮ̵ˣɶûк³ģοԼŮŭˡ

ԱߵŮҲοܷСʦ棬ǰûȥ磬Щ֪ܲǺϻҲ˭ǵģοһ³ѽ
ϺһʱȻŽѽ㲻˵ҶˣҪںϻڶһʱأҸ͸õ˳ֵŮȥأ

ܷԴյƣңҿԣ

ϺˣСʦ壬ôȥŮ

ܷ˵Ҳ˭
Ȼң㲻֪Ǳô꣬ĺܵСȻûаôӦҲֻ˵ЩûʵжҲѽ
Ҹ³ߵŮôǲǿ԰ҵסЩѽʱǾ˵ԩͷծߴң

Ů˵ǿ϶ҵѽأ
ϺҲСʦ˵е

ǣܷߺţֱõ³Ůְλ
һ뵽ԼһеɽȻҲ֪ɽȲȣܱԼһ˹ѽ
ܹһ٣𽥵ҵ϶ҲסˣȻܾƳҮ
֣




5.   5    أҵİù

Ҫȥ³ϵŮˣ̷ܷɱԼĶʰ
̲㳪衣
ЦŮ̫
ҰЦǸܺõŮء

ȥ³϶·ϣܷԱϺḶ́ʿˮⶼҪ³ϵ𣿡
Ϻ˴ȰЦǵѽСʦ塣
Ȼ˵ܷĻ˵߲ϲЩʲôģÿ컻Сʦܳˡ

ܷˣϲˣϲʳˣ

Ϻ˵ǲܷϾСʦŶʮһٹʱûãһʱЩ޷ƽʳҲǺġ
ҲżԵ֮ء
Ϻܷ˵ÿҲӦҶԣǸСʦɡ

ܷʮָжǸˣ˵ľѽ
˿Ϻ˻泩
Ϻ˻˵Сʦ壬һСѾͷһչߣƽȥ
ܷ۾ˣǹŮҲ̫˰ɣ
ϲǾСѾͷˡ

˵Ż͵³ϵĶ
ܷڷƽһž޴ĺѶⶥĻ׷£ɼ³ӦǸرΨĴˣ
ܷ쳤˲뿴С㳤жÿԺĻܿųСʱأ

ͻȻһ󵭵ϮŴ򿪣ܷ̽ͷȥ
С㷢ڷ˿˿׿ȸƵȹҲ绨һţȻ˫ЩϤأ

һ룬ܷӲˣشͷӲֺ⡣
С㰡Ǹɣ
ⲻǿôԼˣ

̧ܷסУʱԵ
ˣҶԸôܰҾ͸ûȥҰ

ȻܷķӦϺ֣ЩǣСʦ壬û°ɣ
ܷл㱣ҵİأҵİù
ҵڿĶźϰɣ

ľٶͻһƳ
ܷһϺ˷ţûڵء
ɫҰףҲˣһֻ߬ţֻҪЩ΢Ķͻ̱󱬡

ˣҪˡ

ȻֻؿһۣϺ˵˵ͷ»ص֮ǰķ䣬š

ܷգ۾е㲻ǰһС
Կʲô˼ûϳ𣿻˵ϳˣĥ

ܷоûϳԼġ
ҲʼůˣѪҺҲʼ

Ϻ۲תŵǣСʦ壬㲻ߵŮҾʹȥٸ°˹
ܷҲѽֱ̫ѽ
ҰԼţҲðԼѽ

תʹ˿ϵķѪȫͬʱĿźεļЦ֪һֱ۰Сͽô˻չ;ҲӶﱻɡ

ܷ˿Ϊ
Ҿˣҳϡ

ߣȴûдӦվס

ܷŵˣŲһ٣Ȼ̧Ⱦܡ
ΣͿ־ʱǻһЩӦӦӦӦǲԣʶͻ˵ʱͻܣܷ

ԼĴȹڣŲ˲ɽʯϣܵĶǽһ˿ûκκϻŮ޵Ľκ硣
ͨıܣֻ֪Լ˫ܣԼɣ˲ȥʯݡ

ȻһˮɫͻȻ֫о޴Լطȥݺݵ˿Ժˤ˸ʵʵƨɶա

ܷǾʮѽһϢ֮޸ڻûôܵβʹʱѾȫָ

һɣڳ޿
£һɧԼ͵˳ǰҲҲĴ˰ɡ
ֲԼҲֻܴڻҽɫдС˵˿

Ϻ̷еСָȹڣ̤һС鲽ܵܷߣȻ£ϧСʦ壬ˤ𣿡
Ϻ˿ߣСʦ׾߳󣬴δͨʣðĵط㿴ԭɺã
Ŀһ
Ϻ˵ߣСʦŶһ껪Ǹѽ㲻Ҫƽϡ

ܷͷ˼Ҳڷɿת
ոڵϵһ˲˺ܶ࣬ÿ˳ûϳԼԼʱ˸췭ظϳԼ䵭̬ȶԴԼ

ܷԼֻˡ
ѼС̽ߣ֮ǰҲ£ΪŮܺ棬ող֪ŮְҾԼչ˲ߣʦֶ»һŮɡ

㲻ҵŮҲҪеǰʦչ֮ǰ˵㲻£չصʱҶչչ㡣

ܷɻȥ˰İ籸ǵһ˰ˡ

ǲܵģȻܹסǾͿԼٹһ
˵ͻʮˣ

ܷŸĿǵϺ뿪
һҪʱѽǲѾˣ˺ðʬ
㲻ԵЩǧ˸͹Ȼ֪ʲôʱ͵ͷǾҪŻŵʱܡ
ܷϺ˱ԼĸлллӴˡˣټ

Ϻ˿ŹϣŤӣСʦ̫ɰˡ

ܷ̾˿᲻ȤϺ˷µĹԱߣתͷ˿ķ䡣
͵ԣǲҡ
Ӻ㣬ȻɳԵˮһ
ӲǺò

ܷ̾˿վһһĥ䵽űߣߣҪڽ𣿡
żڵĥһ£еڴ˵Լ԰ɡ໰

ȻɲǴɣʱᣬӴˡ

˵ýϡ
ܷĥĥ䣬Ҫĥ䣡
ܷŵ͵һţžһ´򿪣Աߵֻص˻
Σ¶һպù˵Ŀȡ

ܷͷ¡
Ĳðʧ
ǿ̫ˡ

ûΪ㶯ŵΣ˲ͷ̷ϡ

ܷСϱһС̷ϣмһָ̣ͷ˿١
ԼЩˣǸϸƲ
ǰҲûôѽ
ѵΪɽ̫ˣۻھͱNη

ʶ̧ӣǾԣѶ

Цһ̵δߣǰˡ

ܷͷˮת߳ίҲ֪ʲôʱڳڰ֣ĴָЬίĥš

ȻΪȥɣ½㡣

ܷҲˣ뿪ĽŲȴȽʱѸ˺ܶ࣬Ͼ´ɵġ
ĵ֣С
ҳˮҪǻıˡ






6.   6    ɻҪСӣ

ǿú£һʯͷܷھʯͷϣֳ°ͣ˫
űƿʮҵС˽Цʮֺÿ

һžͿܷæܹȥСʦ棬չߵģ
һλԲеЦҶСУСʦԺҲҰɡ
һͷٵĵ˵ҽص
˶ǻδСʱ

СҪ鶯һЩܷСʦ棬ôİ
ܷӤʵˣ󣬾ÿɰҲôˡ
ܲ˵ΪûԵ޾ɣСʦӻҪסġ

һ۵Ҹոո߻˹̣ȥ컻ģҪҪóˡ

Сеãȥ
ȻصܷСġ£ߵſʵߣչŮĹҪ𣿡

ܷ֧ŶĿһֿȥԼԹˡ
֪֮󣬻˵ȥ˰ɡ

Скص߽䣬ûһ˳Ḷ́صǰš
С˵Ƚ̫ߣǳ˲棬߻ħ
ԭŰˣ֪תͿµܷѾվˡ

ܷϸ񻣬һ˫ǹʣ鴿࣬ȴִ޵ջһЩƲۡ
ǲ㿴ۣƼܷ֣ѽѽ

߹ȥ
ܷЦֻС꣬Ҫôѽ
С˵Ҫѽ߲Եġ
ܷſ֣ѽҾͰ

СһЦˣСʦ棬ÿɰѽ
ܷǲſɰأң͸ɰˡ

صҲЦ˵ΪСʦҲһϲЩء

ܷӹ̣ĵĶˣͷϲ˲䣬ϲԶˡ

䣬ﴫһԣܷʶĹСлûгԣ
һϵжŵСкصܷԼҲԼŵˡ
عԭҪõȴٴʧȥίǸոյʮηһ񣬿żԼķȥˡ

صԼ䣬ڰ齣֪ѹʲôʱǸͷ
ˮûóԣбҸҵĴԽ
ǴԽڻϵ³

һŶ£ûԶĶǿɿء

ȴ뷿죬Ƶɡ
СкصƿţСṆ̀Сʦ棡㿴Ǹʲôˣ

ܷ˾۾ۣôˣᱻ𣿡
С˵֪
˵ܷ֮Ҳڰϣ̷ڰ齵ϡ
صŽͣԺվ˺һҲû˵̽ߡ
Св䣺Ҽװص˵Сʦ嵱ͰҲ޲ѽ˷أû˵Ӧͬˡ

ǾͬѽܷһͮͮĹӣҪˣǾȥϺʦֶȥʦĶʦо֮أ
˵꣬ܷҧһ΢˫ۣ΢֭ˮڿǻըϮζ٣ӿ

Ե̫𣬾СкصҲʿˮҪϾʱʯȥԡ

ܷĶ泩
ؿڰ齵Ŀϣ̧ԼĶӡ
Զ֪ǸңһܹһֱԺԲȣô΢ôһ㣬Ҳܵģ

˵ǸŮʵһµˣƽڷ

СŮദˣҲˡ
ܷ˽շҪҧһڣ̳̾ŵŮһΪﵱŮǵѾأǳɨɨԺӣҲûˡ

ҺĻԺܿ㣬ԺʵҲһķ羰
ҲţÿնڷԺɨҲڡ
Сﵹʮڷܡ
ĶںϻڵĵλʮԽкܳԣǳʺ

ܷԭҲǺϻڵĹϾϻڣͨﵽڵΪҲܷ֮ǰΪҪٸߣһֻͨ˫Ϊ
ܷͷ˿ķԼΪߵڣ᲻ǺͿ˫ޣЧأ
ڵŲѡأ֮ǰ⣬͵ԭԼ壬϶ôĺ˫ޡ
ܷЩģҿô

ܷ˦Ժ˯ԱߵСͻȻɫһ䣬صӣСʦ㣬ûǸѽСӺˡ
ֱܷӽӲ
Сӣɣ
ɻҪСӣȶܱ٣СӲܿƣ

ֶܷ˶壬Ƿȡԭ䣬ȴûеõйؾڵϢ
Ȼָһ㣬֮ǰ¶صӣϻصɺ£һξҲûУԼȫˡ

ܷؿڡ
أҵǲоڣǻ˰
ǿʣǿȸɾֳİ
署᲻еë

Скص֮󣬾Ϳ鶯Сʦ޿ڰϣܷߣСǵǣСʦ棬ôѽ
صҲʵСʦ棬岻𣿡
СлȻ򣬡Сʦ棬ǲˣȥߣǰѽˣ

ȻСоˡ
ǰŷԼçײһ뵽Сʦģȭţߡ
ڷһŮġ
Сһԭ˵ʲôʲô߶֪
СеͷҪת뿪ȴЩġ

߼Ȼ֪ǰСʦ棬֮ǰҲûڿ϶Ҳѽ
ȻСʦŮģǵʮŮʲôûأɼʵҲûаСʦ浱ŮԴ
ǣСֹߣСʦ濴ѾҪء

һû˵С΢΢ƿţȻͬûзӦ
С֪ǿĬˣͷ߽䣬϶̣뿪ʱš

Сйź󣬻ſڵ˵ȣԾûκſķ뿪
صܷķ䣬ûпصˣ̷ϣʵСʦ棬صأ
˵ţһĹӵݹȥ

ܷڿֻźͻɵУȴҲʶӹˮһڣϺʦֶҲˣȥϺʦֶˡ
СеͷܷһָݹȥһţСʦ棬ԣ㿪𣿡

̧ܷСпɰֵԼģĶˣ˳ִԼĺɰȡԼΪòϵĵҩöллŶСУǸĵСţҩʺΪˡ
СоϲȴСʦʲôҲҪҩСʦԼŰɡ
ܷ˵ҲûãƣѵͲҲ𣿡

Сһ죬ӹҩСʦ棬Ҳѽ
ܷͷţ⻥һ˿鵹ǱȸոպЩǾٳһɣ

һûԣͻȻһܷݲ衣






7.   7    Ȼϴˮߺȡ

ͻȻͰܷŵǺ˸ʵ˺þãСкصĵòУǵˮıġ
κͼЦϻû޸

ǵȻеģܷ޸Ѿ¯ֻ࣬һϢ֮䣬ѾԼĲʣ˶

󣬺˵СеݹȪˮСб˱죬գգ۾۲ϢǸǲǿȸ
Сһ죬˫ȾϵɬСʦ棬㲻ҪһƲסԼġ

ܷ
ԩˣҾ㣬ոǸǲǿסߵģ
СлȻܷ˼˼ˣȾͨ죬أǵء

˻䣬ǲͣϽ
ܷŵķܣʶҪ˹
Ȼɲʲôأĺÿֲ

СǰСʦ棬ôʶ·ѽء
˵һĨЦ⣬Сʦɵɵĺÿɰ

ܷСţǰСţõӦƿţܷһȥ
ܷȥ󣬾ʱʦ칫ң˫ǰͷ˵Ҳҿ

ݲ衣
̧ܷͷϣûˮҲûв裬ˮյҲûС

СѵߵǬԪ֥ݲǱߵļأȥùɡ
СһۣС̲Ҷˣһص
صҲҶ

һܷ
ܷܵǵߣתͷȥʲô
СָָǸӣŲٷһЩӣװŶⶼǺϻڸģսԼĴ﷨ȴһֱûжЩڻڼϡ
ܷ߹׼һӣС˵Сʦ棬ԱǸĲǡ

ܷǸıΪ̫زҵϡ
𾪿ӣǲҶеҶ

ѰѺӱŷϣʱûעֱһϣСкص˸ңԼҲŵˣʶһ֮ȴЩۣҲ̫ÿ˰ɣ
ûʲô̫ı飬°ͣ

ܷ˿С򿪺ӣһײߺһ޲Ҷ
Скصָ°ںòߣְѲ޴򿪣ֱץһСҶŽɵˣûˮ

صȪ
ԼСɰȡһƿݸܷСʦ棬ˮ֮ߣ˵ġ

ܷ˵ллӹֱӵġ
üʵûˮļ䣬ԭһˣҲûкȹˮ
ݲҪˮʼܷԽίˣ͵͵ۿգ𡭡ȥˮҪһŶ

ɫһڣ޷ά侲ŲͺŭΪĹŵӣҪˮ
ܷһǡҽȥɣСʦ棬ȷʵȥء

ͲԼķ
ܷü˺þãҲᰡ
ǺϻڲܵģֻṴˡ

Ĭ˺һһ㣬ˮ͹̡
һɲҶ㴫ܺúȵӡ
ܷҺȣס֣һ裬ݸȲ衣

ԼǰⱭ裬ɫ˺üΡ
ܷ͵ſɫ֪Լûԡ
ٸŮˣԷЩ̫ˡ

һվֱȥ֮ǰС˵Сʦݲ衣
Ȼҵš

ܷСС

Слûع𾪿ܷСʦ棬Ȼϴˮߺȡ

Ȼܷصˮ̣֪ԼոжܣͺԼݲƢɫ
ûа

ò裬ܷϹϾſڣ˵ݺˣ˽ȥ𣿡
ˣ˰ɡ

ܷۣǻ˺óʱõģ
صǰŲ㣬˫һѽҪطɡ
ﴫʲô˺þòҶ
˺һǲ໥Էʹɫ

СУҪ˰ɣ
صҪ
ܷÿϧŶ
СУԣСʦ˿϶á
ܷǵѽǵѽҪ԰ɣҿ߻᲻

Ȼ۾ſڣСһ裬͵ߣһڡ
Ĳˮ̽˳£ڵﴦů⡣
ûκζֺڣ֮ȷˣ赽׻ᵹ

Ѳ˸գһСкصҲһ
ССصƷ̫ˡ

ܷΪǸеϧȲ˸ԲԼķ˯ȥˡ

СкصѲںʣµ
һ߸ɻһġ
Сп˿ܷ䷽򣬡Сʦ̫ɰˣԱ˾˯
صͷͬţСʦСһ
С˵ǰ˵ϲСʦ棬ڿȷʵأʦ֪Ҳͨһ̰˯϶ᷣҵġ
صСʦ˯˺ܿɰѽͻҪ

˵ţЦˡ
ȻСʦЩʿһϲ̰˯Сʦ

Ȼ˲ܷǸܷ£ݲ裬Ҳܷ˺üգܷϲݺõſȼܷ棬Ѳˡ
ܷſȥң첻ܺȵһˡ

в裬ҲźʱܷССصʮһΪҪʼˣ˫һۣǲҪȥ׼׼

Св⣬׼ʲôѽ
ܷ˵ҪչȻڲϾˡ
Ҫȥ߾£ܷԼûлеģϾޡ趨ͲӵģͿ֮仹ֳ룬չǲ˾ص֮󣬻һЩ

صܷĻ˴СУôôɵѽʱϺʦ϶Сʦ׼¯ѽСʦôһܳԣֻҪһ¯Ϊͻƣ

¯
ܷҹȥڡ
ϻΧӦˡ
֮ǰͿ飬þòȻԼԸںϻڲôȥԸ¯ĻΪԽߣٶȻԽԽ
Ҫ͵СɣڵΪҲܷˣ뻹ܻһٶꡣ

¯ͲˣҪģȻ͵һֱڿݲ裬ÿ춼ĵġ

ܷȥϺˣ˵ԼҪȡΪϾˡ
Ϻһܷ˵Ҫ̵պ˼ɾ¯Ұ˰ǸСʦ͹ȥɡ

ܷæ֣ҪˣҪˣʱҪˣԼ

Ϻ˽һЦСʦǲǺѽ
ܷ˵Сʦ岻ҪиǺϻԭ˫Ϊģ¯Ҳûʲôã⼸¯ѽúÿһɾѧ˲ź˵ļأһСʦΪ

ܷȾܣҪҪϺʦֶԼðɣ

Ϻ˿ĶӵıӰָһЦСʦأСʦҲСˣǸмԼ¯ˡ





8.   8    

ܷһΪᣬصԼĶúõϢ˺ü졣
Ψһ˵ľСŹ˵ԭ׼߲ԵЩӹȴ뿪ҲñĶ
СǻǽЩԼĴɰ棬֮ܷȥϰ࣬ǾͰ

ֹ˰£ܷԼĶ̽ϣò׸һЩ飬ʱţϰһ¹
˲Դ죬ͺϺһϻڵűԴ

һΪԺϻ˵Ǵ£ͺܶĳҲλۿ

һܷЦŶ֡
ϻڵܷʦãչصʱ򣬶չܷ˸ͦãҲϲܷ

ܷҲϲʦ㣬Ϊ̫Ưˣ
پգƫƫʮ㣬ͻ֮£˶ĳ뷨
Ҳ˫ޣкüأͷżΪ˫ȨͷѪ
ܷԼʦ˼ѣŮţţ

߹ȥԼʦ㣬ǱƮƮȻ壬ÿ
üһСʦһأ춼ˣǿ嵽˽ڴʦֵ𣿡
ܷһ죬˵ѵûԼģҶû塭

˵ţһӵ߹ˡ

ܷ˿֪˸ܷԼ߰һλãͰ
ˣĵλλߵģܷͿм䡣
ܷ

ȻѾˣԼôԼҲŮке㲻á
ܷתͷǳһĨǣǿЦ⣬ֶ̧ſ˻ӣѽ
к˿һߡ

ճߺģܷѾϰˣֻͷվڿСкص֣Ҳѽô
Скص׷׵ͷ۾ؿܷ
СлָָԼĴɰʾܷ
ܷ˫һ˴Ĵָ

һΣͿƤԼЩС
ܷæҲллǰЩš
仰ǻ˿һߡ

ܷѾϰˣҲûô⡣
鶯ӣɰѵƽǸ𣿡
ܷһ죬ҲЩ˶ϧѽҾߵͰ

ֹ̧˹ıӣҲ߳㣬Ųƽϣ绹˭ߵأ
ܷһЦǣƨҹȥݲȣūңˣŪң

ʱڿԱ߳ǸŮӣȴ۾ܷСʦ壬㾹Ȼߵ𣿡
ﱥŲͬСʦ壬߿ǿķϣԸںϻڵϣǺϻڣôܶôأ

ܷתͷȥŮϤѩ
һֱͺԭϵã˰ͷ˻̲ԭ
ȻԭСʦ壬ΪԭҪߣ籲ֱȽҪɸ໹ǿʵ˵
ԭǰ̲֮Ҳô

ܷЩˣɶû˵ʲôأʲô졣
͵͵˿ۣСſɫ˵߶ĬҿԳԵģҶǳԵڶ컻ЩҪ

ѩ۾̿ܷǲԣЩ߿ȥʯķϡ
ȻֶԿ˵ߣСʦͻСǰûô˽ǰ£߿ɲҪһֱçײ¶̫ˡ

ѩ˽飬Скص˵ǶԺͲҪٰЩСʦˣ߲ǾôϻӣЩ

ܷ⻰˵Լ治һ
Ҳ̽üεѽҴȱʯͷûС˵֪ܲɵж฻

˫Щ΢΢죬ˮģǿɰˣڽŶ
˭ᣬı̲ĵˡ

ѩһ۵쿴ܷôҵô淴Լˣ
ѩҲŭӣȴñȽϹѵƽһЩҲģǲײࡣ
Ҳڽߵ£ֻȰСʦ岻Ҫ̰ߵıˣ߼ȻԸɵϣǾӦú̷ǣ

ѩ˿˿һۡ
Ȼ̷ܷǲһġ

ܷü΢ѩҪȻ࣬ڲڽô£ڽô£ô뵱ʦ𣿡
˵գգۣһ뷨ҪҰŮλøˣģȥߵŮһܰźúܺã

ѩ۵һ˿ϲ
ǿ̫ˣǸλ۲˿ɶˣźĹУ߿Ϻ˫һΣɲȸҰ˯ɰǧҪǿ

֪ոôûڣھȻƳܷһۣĮ֡
ѩʦЦ⣬Ϸ
С֣һǲֵģ濴ȥ⣬ʵӲƽ⣬ìܡ

ѩһ⻰֪Լûˣĵһʧ䣬ܷƾʲôѽ
ܷҲͦʧģﶺȤɣÿ۸Ҷѽ

ʧʧ䣬̲軹Ҫģܷѧſһ˰ɣ߿㣡
ѩɫȸոճ͵͵˿ۣѩϼ˪߾ԸҳԵ
ſûз鶼һµģͺĬԼĻܷˡ
ڿ˴֮·ҹȻǿԳΪŮˬǵأ

ܷ̣һޣβ¶Ҫˣ

ѩɫڳ
ǰͲףֻܷǳúÿһ㣬ƽʱľ㶵ľ͸ɵһôôϲ
ڵܷǰҪɵôߺҲϲڶԳ

룬һΪԳΪܷǸˡ

ϻеΪԷΪס
һֱòʯΪĸ׶Ρʯм¼ܣֱӷλ߶ʱĽЧʵȵȡ
ڶģ⿼ˣмλϳ⣬ܷǰҹԺơ
׾ǹԣϻȻɣȻҪϰΣյʱܹȫԼ

ѩҪΪһܷ򶷵ˣ򶷵У˺ܷҲܹܷ
ĹŵΣҵСʦΣΪߵŮΣΪԾɱҵͣԾҵ°ܽ

ܷ֪ѩѾȥְţڵײʱΪԼĶ֣ϲ̵ʯԼڵΪ

֮ǰԼŬ֮࣬ҲøŵرԼطΪιڡ
Źĸ£ʯһ⣬ͷԼΪѾ۷壡
͵ͷ¶˾Ⱥ;޵ܷ֪ԼٶǺܿġ
ԼҲǳ⡣
˵ŬһͻᵤڣҲܻˣ

ڶײԣܷȻٺ˫ޣ̬ȻҪġ
һλѯܷСʦãǲߣӦҪ

ܷ̬ȣش𣺡ӡ
⻰˷׷һЦ
ò˵ⷽȥܷͦġ

ǳҲЦ⣬һ̰ɫＱأ
ܷӣһΪ

Цܷе㶼Ҫ𣿡
ܷͷ˵ŮѽҲΪָᡣ

˵һײСʦ͹ˣܹõ£ȷʵܹҪɵԸ
ܷͷӰǰ׿ѽ

Ȼϲ̵ؿϻеӵĵڶײԻش𣬷ֺϻڵŮǸֲͨſһֱ糤ʢ˥أ

ûþ͵˵ײԣܷŷԼĶ־Ȼѩ
ҸողźͳΪҵĲԶ֣ǲҰڵϺݺĦѽ

ܷͷæ
ЦŶ˵ĺˣǲԣʦֶﶨȻзִġ
ѩҲ˵СʦҵҶṫ˽ģĺˣҿɲˡ

ֻܷӲͷƤ
ܷķһֻ޴󻯵ķЩִĻʵҲ̫ãֻǰʱչصʱʱͻһ¡

ѩķһɫһ˦㷢ॵܷʶЩ־塣

ȻɫԼӹʱܷ̺ˣ̧ȥ
ѾԼʱЩȫˣֻʣ¿־֮ԭʼķӦ

ƫƫѩ໹˵Сʦ壬ΪʲôҴֻ˵ġ
СʦѽԺΣգѵҲֻܲ𣿡
Сʦ壬Ĳ˺㣬Ҫ⹥ѽ

ܷҪڵϱ
ÿεʱ򣬾̿־ȴʶǳΣա
ĸ£ûôٵ趨

ϵѩȴ˷ܣԼܹѹԹܷȴû뵽ܷķӦ㡣
⵹Լúóһͷϣ߿ܷܹ¿һŮѡ

ܷǳǿˣ֪ԼǳˣٱеĿ־Χ̴ˣ
ѩȴûֹͣԼĹСʦ壬ֻΪôҶСʦĹΣûʲôӮ˵СʦҪҲǣҪ˺ңҲᱻСʦ˺ġ

ܷ⻰ŭҾðűΣգӺˣ
Ҫ̳ȥ۾ȴ趯˫ۣһʱѩڵλãһҪԼϡ

һûǰܵ׼ֻܹӲĳĹ

ѩʦã
ѩ
˶סѩоЩʧأܻܷ
̧֣Ҫһ򶷡

ڴʱһˮɫĳȴڳУסܷеӡ
ܷӱһʶǹȻ
ǰչصʱһֱʱŵĹˮɫĳԼԼʱʱ̡

һγ׸оԼ塢趨ںϵʱ̡

ѩôҲû뵽ܷ趯ĳһ뾹ȻֱֱԼ˹
ջԼ赲ֻһ֮ϣȻĻһĻۣ

׼ԺԼ
òײŴ˲ƶɵ
Ȼܷûзִ磬ԼҲˡ

ȴˡ
ѩܷĳһˮɫĳ籣˳ų籿ȥֻ籵һͷڿ

Ȼߣ
Ҳˣܷй
ܷʱڹеĹУûע⵽ǿԼ

ܹоѾ徭תȻ󼯾ڳ֮ϣ趯ǿɱһɱɱơ
ҲܹоԼ巢һЩ仯ڵھۼȻŨۼһССġʮɫڵ֮

ʶпһĻܷʮּ
ǽᵤѾᵤˣѾǰһ
ԺԻˣ

һĹɢˣˮɫҲʱջء

ܷعֻѩͷǴ󺹣ϻһϸϸ˿ڣѾ鲼ۣȥʮҡ
ԼոմģѾô
Ȼᵤ˾ǲһ

Ͳϲѩ֮ǰҲѩûѩֱӿĵ˵Һᵤˣ

˫һ漴һЦСͷ˽ᵤڣԼٿ

ܷ˫۸һ£Ȼ۷壬ûнᵤڡ
Ƕ˵ǾǿҪᵤˣҸոѾܵˣҵĶССһӣһС𵤣ʮɫģ

ҡҡͷЦѵƽﶨ͵ˣᵤҲ֪ʲôˣ׽٣ԼķѾȫˣǸղ֣ǰ㶼벻
˵˴ЩʦȻȥչˣҾӦúù㣬ԺҪó̰˯ʱҪú

ֶϺ˵㷽ҪСʦͼ¯ȥ£Ϊ֮Ϳ԰ȥЩ¯СʦúúģʦǱչسץҺúһ١

ϺЦ˵ȻˣҶúɡ
Ȼֶܷ˵СʦͲغˣҲû£һúѡ¯Сʦ度ߣҲܰСʦ޺

ܷ죬һʱ֪ξܾ
ϻֻҪ΢Щʵˣ϶Լ¯Щ¯١
ǵȻ˵мãʵЩ˾¯

ˣʱ֮پ崦ɡ

ܷصԼλϣûȾ˵ʦֶǰ¯ŹҪҵĶ
ܷ˫һ̵ҵȻȥ
뵽취ˣʱ¯͹֮ԽҪȥźߵ壬¯ԼʹߵĶ
ͲЩˣҲᱻ˰ɣ

뵽ղ˵Ļʿոڰ𣿡
һһε֮˵伥ЦĻĹʵ̫ʲôҲˡ

ܷ졣
ŸոմĸôͻȻʲôˣ

ȷʵ֮ǰЩ̫ˣ춼̰˯ģԽ֮ǰҲûô˯

֮˵ĲԣҲû濴ȥ
ﲻ֪ΪʲôǸָոҪᵤʱΣﶼѾһʮɫӣôͲǽᵤ
ܷڤ˼룬˼ͻȻ뵽ʶУֿԼĵһʮɫӡ
Ҫᵤѽԣĵʮɫġ

Ҳ֪ΪʲôܷͻȻһš
Ҳ֪ԼΪʲôͻȻܾöûô򵥡

ΪԱ߿Ĵڸ̫ǿˡ
ܷԼͿ֮䷢飬ԼѾĸû¾
֮ǰʱ֪֮ǿԿס¾ģֻǸЩ鷳
ԭͲֱӿƣΪ鷳ÿһҪ¾ʱ˸Ͱѵ¾סˡ
ǹеǵγݡ

ܷ֮ǰ֪ʱֻΪԼʶ֮ÿһε¾ֻǹ̫죬Լûע⵽
һ룬Լ޸ѾôôÿλҪһ²޸ʹ¾һ°ɣ

ִ˵ʱ䲻¾¾ǻˡ
ĸû¾ĸ֮ǰúͿһιϵ
Ž𵤡
ϸȥȻԲģϼԲģǺ͵״Щ

ܷ͵صһ˫ԼԼһ
ɣɣĻ˰ɣ
ɣɣﻳĲСһŵɣ

תͷԱߵĿ
һİġ

ܵܷȵߣͷƳܷһۡ
ܷһջԼߣ˫ֽץסȹڣҪôȷǸԲԲĶʲô




9.   9    ˫Ƶ

ܷû˼ټᣬȵΪԽûֱܻԼĶ
żҪοסˣȻҶѩ

ѩ˫΢ǿԼ˸ʲôϵ
Ϻ˸޵İۣѩɱΪΪܺӱֹϵСʦĵ⣬Լһ¡
һͬҲ˵ǣСʦ廹ûԼ¯ΪǺģ㶼˯˶ˣҲ˼Сʦǰ¡

ѩ˸ʲôϵ֮ͺܿģΪԼᵤˣжʧûнᵤѻʲôϵ

ҲӦСʦǰ⣬Ϊˣֵദ
˵ţҡҡͷѩʦ˵ʦãҲӦԼͽܲǡ

ѩʦЦ㻹һϷģأڹЩʲô˵ˣԼԼ𣿶ôˣǷ¶Ҫ˰ţʱܶһѽҲ̫Сʦˡ

üѩʦһԼʦĲˣŶѩ˵ҲǣСʦҲӦһЩҸʱǰɡ
ѩͷǣʦ𡣡

䣬˾ˡ
Ϻ̾СʦҪҪ壬ɰˣҸЩȥɡ
Щԥȷʵʦ𱣻̫ˣΪҲ࣬Щɣ˵ԡ
ϺЦǵأչصʱ򣬶ҼԵЩ

˵ܷЦЦ

ܷ߲֪Լ뿪һĻصԼĶ󣬾͹ţȻϣŶӱۣʶڣﴦǿʮɫӣŭ㾿ǸʲôĶҵĽ𵤻ħ֣
ӾȻ΢΢˲
ܷһ㡭㵽һʲô⣡

Ȼţǵʮɫ͸ЩԼڼҷˣõ伦һǸڲĻ档
ܿԲԲĶǵƣŵ棬ֱһССġСڵ㣬ƺ͵ϣѪܡ

˫˫Ƶ
ܷٴεһ˹ȥ

ιȥҲֻһ£ûһͺȣ˯ˡ
ԼĶ˯죬ʱһʱоľǿ顣
ֲˡ

׼ԼĴɰó׼ԵʱԼιȥ֮ǰģһ˫Ƶ
ʱ䣬ֲ̰ԼϵûУǶС쵰Ĵ

ܷ̱ϣ޿
ô찡ôỳˣ˸
ңڻǵְֵŮ

ܷʱ䣬Ѿ4£Ҳ֪ʲôʱ᲻ԼĶҲ
ﴧһŵǵ̥أ

Ҫܰڿ̫Σˡ
ʱСڹɣָСԴ˵ҺǸĺӡ
Ҳ˰ɣ
˭Ű

ܷͻȻһͷ̥
һ˲䣬Ŀȸ΢΢һܷһͣо˶ĴڸС
ʵСӵģжʱ仹и뷨Ҫȥһܸߵľӣһأ

ܷ϶ӣܵһɺǳλù˹Сǣְֳֵ︡ĻǺİ
ǵõʱС˵ʱ߾ͻ˺ܶīܿޣܶŮߣ츳ߣ֮ǰǴԭϣûþܷɹˡ
Ƣ̫ãС˵ϲŮã˺ֵ̬ܶ飬С󣬵ǴӷɵĽǶȴٽŮĸء

˵ǵĳ츳ԸԼǾǳɰģѽ
ܷ̥뷨Ҳһ˲;ӡ
ֻҪ͵͵ӣ֣˵ӳ߳󣬿ѾΪˡ

ܷĶӣҪǣҪŶһŴѽȻǾһʬѽ
ܷͶĿȸ˴򺮲

ȻҪٴܳȥҪ뿪Ķ
ܷԭ顣
ǵԭʧܺɱԭûеϻڵϣȥ˲֮ҪؾϣܹؾлĳЩԵ
ͬʱȥؾģŮ

֪Լĳ֣᲻ıķչ
ܷ̾ܿȥȥǸؾҪ㿪ģ˭֪᲻׽ŪķŮһȥؾ

ܷվӺɰóһһ߿УһȥԼĴʦ㣬ҲǺϻ
ĶΪ򿪣ܽȥĶһ

Ķܴܴ󣬽žһԺӣԺһƮƮСϻһСٲԱ߻ݴ衣
СԱߴȵܷЦоҾͷˡ

ܷ߹ȥˮ۾Żʣϣʦ㣬ԺҲ̫Ưˣ

˵ϲԺʱ档

ֺܷ˼䣬һתûʲôؾȥ

ɻ󣺡ΪʲôҪȥҪԼΪ¯˫ޣǺϻԭͨ˫Ϊȥɲһڼ˫Чء

ܷ嵽ܾİš
ͱ˫ޣͬʱҲںϻںͿиĽӴ

ܷ˼һתҵһܺõ˵ǣǼһҰѽ
ԼŮ裬ҾϲЩʼԸ⣬׷źҪ˫޵ӣﰲŵЩ¯ĸԸҪ˫ޣһжûУ

ܷͷţζ

һЦֺֽܷģԼʱӡ
ǻҲǲԸİţҪȥ֤ԼʹҲڲˣŹ̶˺üá

һļҳҪСʦðԼ뷨Ǿȥ
ÿһжвͬĸ飬һζĽǰ˾飬ΪˣҲ޷ľġ

ԼõϢȽϺʵؾҲᰲĵȥҾϺʦֶ͹ȥѡһһȥˡ

ܷ㡣
ؾһ϶ԭŮͿȥǸԼֻҪѡһͺˡ
ԭûаˮؾӦȫġ

ܷ뿪Ķ㿪ʼΪ׼
ԼвƲǿ϶ҪϵģпûгҲҪȫϡ

Ѿüûȥϰܷڸˡ

СкصرģŲõЦС˵Сʦ棬ǰ˺ööѽ
ܷ˻ˣԼĺɰó˼ŵҩллǰҰЩ͸ѽ˳ԣ

СкصƳ˰ȴôҲƲܷµҩ֮̽ȫܷ

ܷԼõɴھߣԼﴧ˿ŵǲҪ̫ˣһͱأ
֪ոת͸оǿŵλòͣꡣ

ԲۣǴ˵е̥
ǶķʽҲ̫˰ɣΪʲôҪ

Ȼܷ˿˾ͽݲ衣
ץܷһ壬ȴû뵽Ŀȸˡ






10.   10    ʦҲ˺ܶ顭

ܷǳԸ˿ķ䣬ʼճݲ衣
ݲ輼ǲͬˣѾǳĵŵ˲㶼ʼ

ܷʮֽţ˫ƵҪҼһСɫ¿ʲô
ڣһֱûʲô̫ķӦһĲ裬ʣµľͲ
οԼʱܷ˵Щ裬ȥһ΢
΢ǲ죬ܷĹ

ܷ˵һи㲻Դ̥ǵɵ飿
ҪڣͿΪĮ˾ˡ

ֻܷóԼӣǿź£ʼС䶯
СкصҲһԣһһŲ裬ܷ˵Сʦ棬ʵ߶ɺأҲûܹõߵָ
صͷţȻڱľ֮ҲĺܳСʦѽ

ܷûбο
ָֻŵȴɱԼʱŵʱ˲֪ٱ
ܹоԼھߣһ죬뵤֮ǰȻȥתһȦ

һ˲䣬ܷܹоԼС֮ӡ
ִԼΪҲһЩ

ܷӣվں£˫ۣԼ仯
ĸֻʶ̫ˣĸ£ԾûȫܹܵԼΪ仯
вûԼĴ󲿷ӪӣҲûΪб岻㣬Ϊ棬ǿء

ܷĶӣܰŶɾͿˡ
ʮɫĵһһġ
ͺһ˵裬һͰɣ
һ˵һǸҪұ̫ϣˡ

ܷΪǱǸԼĹҪԼһء

ȻѾˣץûлˡ
˲裬Ҫһɨ
ɨҲó
ЩǳģҪռô

ܷ԰ںϷһȸë
ſȸëҪʿҪռĿȸӦرԡ

ҪܷС
Сøˡ
ܷѿȸëԼ·Сǰˡ
ܷͷţǿĸѰɡ

ּܷһȸëС˵ãһһ

ԭܷҪһֱ㵽ؾȻС
Ϻѩȴ˵ҪΪ˲ԻϵǸ
ĻһܷˣŮ

ѩ
֪ܷ֮ȥһؾԼѡһȫ෴ؾؾ꣬˭ǵõԻϷ顣
֪ͻȻ˵ڴʦ
ѩȥϺʶҲҪʿ˫ޣǺô϶ܶࡣ

ȥ֮ѩûпǿ÷ʦãӦ塣
Ӧǰָһݣɫ䣬ǣϺ˵ʦ˵ǳ޽ЩϲȥЩϺѯʺǳǷҪ¡
ӦǾܷµģϾôܾ˴ʦ֣϶´ʦֵˡ

Ӧָһͬʮռüۼ࣬һݣТߵġ

Աߵѩ߳Цһ֪ܲ͸ߵǽСʦĿڴء

Ϻ΢΢üѩ
ѩѵϺʦ㣬ֲǲ֪ߵТȫܷߵҲҪ˺ȡ
ϺƳһۣ߳Сʦ壬ʲôбԼȥҪЩ裬㿴ԸԸ㡣
ѩŭΪչ֮ǰչȻôҰ
ϺȴǿɲһҾ߾ϲСʦ壬СʦҺϻڵһˣӵɱеϲˡ

ѩˡ
ԱߵӦҲǺ
һֱܳݿΪ츳Ϊܸߣҿźܶ߶ûеɣҲҪõġ
ʵϲֱɺͶĸо

ԸԼݵԼõĺöЩɶƷʲͣһʺ޷á
Ҫġ
һ뵽ԼĴʦֶܷˣұ֮ԸܷռԼ͹ܷ϶ǻЩȻ֮ġ
ԼȥҲܷȥϺˣԼЩ͹ȥ𣿡

ϺЩǷˣҪԼȥͣһԸأɣȥߵĶ
ǵ˿ĶϺ˵Լ˵ԭ

ܷÿһݲأϺ˫һϺѽ
һԼӦҲˣ˿һۣߡ
̧ɨһۣŶûգûȥɡ

£ӦͿˣߣӦ壬㻹ǵ֮ǰؾУȹҵҽˣл㡣
ãҲǿҪ㣬ֶѣ֮û

ܷЩ΢죬ɰĹֱ顣
룬ô¡
ǲûпӦûпŮ⻷

ԭУʼŮݿѿİ¹⣬ÿһ֮ģᱻ
ȻŮ˿ΣŰ
ǿĳڼŮˣȻŮòԼŮ⻷סʼǿȡᡣ
ŮϲΪ֪ǿȡᣬŮֱӶŮɣŮ̶Կתڡ
ΪŮľܾӷħǿȡᣬΪ˴ɣŮ˺üθΣƶŮĸ鷢չ

ʱʱܷÿǸӣòҪǿȡᣬֱв
ڣԼݲ裬Լһֱݲ裬̫ˡ

ӾǶ˵ȥؾ֮ǰŮһģþչŻŮȥһؾ
ǣӦ庰ش֮Ӧ忪ʼóԼĴʦשǳޣҲߵĶɣҴʦҲ˺ܶҰЩͽȥɡ

ܷʶˮ
Ҫ·ϵĸܿƣһ;

˷׷׿ܷ
ܷʿˮС
һٿܷ
ܷϤˣĬˣߣĿȸɣ˵϶Ļ
ܷ˵ɡ

ȻӦǸҪӦͿһ档
ԼƭֱԼѾˣԼҪǾĳŮѽ




11.   11    ߶СʦҲ̫˰ɡ

Ӧ֮˵ҪܷȴûпܷһۣǽԼ߶˿ϡ

Ҳ˳ƽԼĿӦϡ

ܷ
ֻҪһοӦһ飬֮ûԼʲôˣ

˿ŮŮĿÿѽߵŮ
Ůڿ֮Ҳɬصͷ

ܷٿԼӦÿԴ￴޺Ķ֪ͷͺͿײ˸š

۵ײûо޺Ķʹǰûʲôͬܷ̫ˣһ

ܷգգۣⲻѽľ鲻һڵĲʲô˼ѵӦúŮ𣿾ǲģҲӦŮϣ˺Ҳ˺ѽ

ֻܷ޵㲻𣿡
΢üͷһʼѵܷʿôô̰ľҪôԼΪ

ǱߵϺһʼѵܷ̲סܷ˵Сʦ壬͸ѽǸߵģ㲻ҪЩ
ȻЦ˵Ҳ㣬ֻСʦ壬ϣСʦΪܹø졣
jpmjdj
ܷ֪ˣûҪռЩ˼ҾԶǧѵá

֪ȴЦˣֻЦ澹ȻЩ͵ĳʤÿһҲˡǴӱöˣǵһ

ܷѡ
ˣҾͲˣ
ǲֿܵġ

Ӧ忴ܷͿ֮ԻȴЩʡ
ƾʲôܹӿö
˺Ϳ˵ʱô𾴣ƾʲôܷͿ˵ô

ûеӦٺͿ⣬ֱӸϿˣ㲻Ҫ˭Ͻ˼ݲ衣

ܷſӦ壬ллҲҺ֮ѾûκιϵˣҪң

ȻֿһֱڿϷѩ㻹ʲô𣿡

ѩȻҪڿǰۣÿע⵽ԼǴͷβ߾ûϹ˵ĻҲûС
˿ˣԭҪͿڨڼڵһ˲䣬᲻ֻһܷ˵ǹǵģ֮ǰڲԴϣ̫ûзִˡ

ճܷӦ˵һЩûйϵ֮Ļ֪ܷͷҽĵǸ
һ˾ͺãӿɽ̵ı顣
ѩˡ

ҿֿʼˣȻ鶼ѾãǾȥɡ
ֿܷĲ赹һ

ܷϰˣʶ˵ǶϧѽҰȵɣ

ѩ
ʮ伵ʵĻ֪ò˵

Ӧ壺
˾ȻĿŵ̰ͼߵĶ

Ȼ˵ͷ
ܷϺ֣ҪҪһߵĲ裿ζɺˣ
ϺЦߣϺܺȵ𣿡

üһϺ˻Ϊھܾ׼뿪ܷ˵ߴӦˣǺȿ㣡

ϺӦ˾ͺɻôǸôϢģ 
Скص̾ͿʼͿͣСʦֻϺأ˵ȻҪ

Ӧѩ͵˶⣬˶һۣѩЦ˵ûɣû͸ߣȫҪ䵽Сʦˡ

ӦеԾûȫɢǰһֱΪʲôôֱ׳ߵĶдˣ
ѩߵΪ谮Сͽܣȹߵֲǲֻ֪ڹ˼Ķ飬ˡ

Ӧҧҧ
ѩӦ壬˫һת뵽һӣ֮ؾǲҲҪؾ
Ӧףѩֵ˵߻ֱһ˽ؾСʦߵŮӦͬһؾɣ

ϻÿȥؾи߽߻Ϊ粻Ǻϻڵϲȥ˫ޣһЩߣҲץ˺ϻеĵӣͨ˫եɺϻĵӣﵽԼΪĿġ
һεؾеͽ߽룬˵ؾﻹзǰµĸؼҲһЩ߽ʿǰϻڴ߶ȥؾǰ

ѩ˼Ӧ֪Ҳȥһؾ
Ӧ̿ѩߵϢ֪ͨһ¡
ȻͰѿûµĴ󲿷͸ѩл

ѩӦ뿪ЦݵóѼ壬벻ߵۣҲô׵ĵõߡ

СܷϺƷ衣
ܷϺһڣ˫˫΢Щζǲǳãȥǲ㣿
ϺѽǶлСʦˣСʦ壬лȵߵĲ裿

ܷһЦִԼĺɰ˳һСģСҲóŶϴóͳһ飬Լһ飬СǳԲֵģʣµҶˣ쳢

ϺһЦսΣ߶СʦҲ̫˰!
һƳϺæס˵
ܷſûı飬С˵Ҽģ
Ϻ㿴ûء

ܷһҲǡ
ΪԼͿ֮ǰ˫£һܺõĹأ

Ϻ˾ˣܷʰ˲ֿ֮ʼݲ衣
֮ǰǳĬĿܷ꣬ȴܷ˵㵱뽣ڵ˫޹
ܷһЦǿԡѽ

΢˫ϲûдϢһɺֵ

ܷ˶ҪˣǸֵǴ㵱ʱ߻ħ͵ڵı

˵һĺϻڵӽӦ߻ħ
ܷ񽡽ʮֻãΪ˫ƵҲպת
ԿֵֻеϤȴ벻Ϥ
ܹȷǲ

˵ֹȷϵϢͬ

ܷסԼףոޡµ˻ش⣬ͬһ׶԰Сȥ⡣
ľװɵЦҲ֪ΪʲôѽΪ츳ɣ

ڿܷ亹ȴҲʪǼ
ؾô㿪Ҫ㿪ɣúõĹ̥ѽ






12.   12    ĺñѽ

ܷڿﱻūˣ֮æͻԼ䣬ŵһ˲䣬Ÿһؿڣǻֻøղźƾһ֮ս

ʲôʱܵûģ
ֻܷԼ̫ˣӦ֮ǰʱ򣬲СĺʹɽӴˣܸоԼû

ܷڵϣһҪ޵ģ
֪Լʵ㲻ִˣҲֻܱˮ͡
ܷԼĶӣ˫Ƶ˵ҪúõذԼѽǱǸɰְַˣҲ֪ǳΪǰǼɺɰ

ȸĶ˹Ȼּ
ܷʵڲ֪ڻӦԼ˵ĻǿΪɰ

ھ̫ˣûһ;Щˣֻصȥ˯

ʵǲҪ˯ģһ㶼ǴϢܷѾ˯˶ʮ꣬ϰߣԼ壬ҲѾ⼸ϰ˯ת
οڻڼ䣬˯Ҳġ

һܷû˯ܾã糿˹۵ʱͻȻֺЩԾôиԼĶˣ
ԺȻץһż
ѵ˼˳ԣˣ
ԣѾˣڲԼ˰

ܷ͵˫ۣûô򵥡
ͷԼģոֱŵ˹ȥ
СʮɫǸʲôô˫Ƶô

ŵʱǿŵ˹Ĳ˲䡣
ܷ˶ӲˣȻһһϣþû˵

û뵽ֻ˯ʱ䣬ѾˣҪô죿

ܷĵôͳѽҪôǲҪôǰ
Ȼǿ˫ƵͲ˵ֻܷȥܷҲ֪ȥǸʲô˼

ܵҲúԼĸ׽еѣ˳ܷӷһʧܷĶȻһγڵϷ

ܷɵˣͬʱҲ˿ĶӵҲѵģҪԹԵѽȻͱסǣһʬѽ

Ϊһͻ¼֮ٺͿ棬ܷЩڣܺ¶ǿſȸͻȻ֮͹
ʱпܺ˫Ƶһ嵰

˫Ƶƽﲻôһصͺϲÿݲ衢֮󣬻صԼķ䣬˫Ƶͻܳܷһ۵ʱ⡣

ܷ÷һ磬ÿʶ̽飬Ҳֻ֮ܿĻþ
Ǻϻڵزӵ˿ûأ

ȻڵذϣԼĺɰͳ˺öණһ߰ڷţһ߶Լߵ˫Ƶ˵Ǿһäץΰɣǰ˺öණȥԼϲʲôͰʲô

˺ϻڵ书ؼ˫ƵԼһϻеĹ˺ܶ͵ģ˫ƵԺΪһɽʳңһʯ˫ƵԺֻǮ
֮鲻ٶ

˫ƵȻ˵ȥľ˵ǻһԼ˼ά뷨
ȻܷЩĶ֮˫ƵĹ֮ǰҪ࣬ӦǶǳȤ

ЩСԱ߹ȥʯ֮ز
ܷһİƣ֪ˣһϲԵģһϲǮԲԣ
ܷͷȻҵѽһģһأ

˫Ƶܵ˹һ͵ܷǰ
ܷͷһůжļ䣬˵ԺҪ𣿹Ȼĺñھ֪Т𣡡

˫Ƶĵع˹ϵĹʲͣ˸
ֹ๾ʯԱߣʯ͵ܷǰ
̧ܷɰ˫Ƶĺñѽ֪裬֪ʯأ

Ȼ˼СĿȸڵףĹԱ

˫Ƶ֮ܷɿˣ˶ഺֵϢ

ԭͳĺÿپޣʴŵ⣬ȴɾ
źϻڵ¶糣ӨļǾˣȴҲסĴϢ

ȹ߽ķ䣬Ҳ̲ס࿴ۡ
ܷȴϵĹϣˮȥҲأҼұ϶ϲԣ

ŴܽЩˮװԼĴɰȴ̵˵ûгԵҪͣͲҪټȥˡ

硢
ܷͷ˲٣ðɡ
ҲǿԼģҪôҲȨ
ֻҵıѽְָûнء
ǷģҾȥϺʦ㣬ҲԣҾͰǼ

ڼּܷɰʵвǮûаȫУԺԼޣٶǮҲסѽ
ʡһʡһ㡣

Ī⣬΢΢üʵʲôȥ˭

Щܷѡ
ȴɫһҵĶŮȴؤһֿڣô㲻ˣ

⻰ܷﵱͲˣȥؤֿΪ˭ɳ˺ģΪ˶˫Ƶ
ɾֻ˵ֳĻڣʲô

˫ƵǶԼûһĮײУ

ܷһЩ߰ģͷ˵ɫȴҪ
ЦһϸҶҰڳˣ֪м𣿡

ܷίˣۿһ˲ͺˡ
ΪҪ˵仰Լȴû뵽û˵ϻһЩűȺϻϹĸأָպԼΪܹԵġ
ܷƫͷĸҲҪԼֲ𱦱

ȴȥҡ

ԱߵСкص亹ʪ˿
ǿܷҽյţһۡ
ɴܣˡŶ
Ϊ˲꣬ôأȻǰȫװܷĺɰ棬Ҫٸˡ

˸һڣܷͷƫøˣֻǴ˺ɰ֣¶顣
Слܷ˵ʵ˵ûѾвٽöڴСʦ㵽ﵱŮ֮󣬾͸ϲЩ֮ˣͺ߿˿ʲôƵġ

ܷҲ֪ԼЩˣϾ֪Լﻹһ˫Ƶ
ͷʾٸСкصų˿

ܷ˿ղŵĻʵ˭Ҫѽ
ص˵ߵĺѣ𡣡

ܷ֧ˣ
˾ǴɵǶǰŮŪСݾģ






13.   13    ҪҪ𡭡

˵ܲٲܲٵܷոһ¿һЩ飬Ѿˡ
һֻ꾫кΪڿ

֮Ҳ˵Ϳ䣬ֱֱľͱܷ˹
ȻŲЩֵܷȻһЦǸնҪСѾͷ

ܷһ˲Ǻˣ֪ҲˣôһҲ֪ˣѲȫ綼֪ԼҪԣ

ܷƱ磬ֹ̧˹ܷ°ͣЦʮСģǳͦÿģҪѽһֻϿȸЩƭС˫ޣΪʱˣԼ޶޲ء

ܷɫᶨͷ
İɣһҿɱ壬˫޿ûʲôýҸ˫޹һΣڻŲҸأɱҡ

ͷģһЦ
⻰̲ס߳俴ԼĺѺ꾫㵽Ϊ

һЦԭģⲻǿݲؽ̲ס˵䡣
üź˵ֻǺϻڰŸҵŮ

ЦǾ͸ˣ˶ŮôõģЩҪԸѽôȫŮˣ

üͷøˣ޷¾¶㲻ͣǺϻ谮Сӡ

ԼЩɫȻ򣬡ԭ˵Сͽѽ˵ôͻȻôˣ
ɽ˵Ļ͸޷ܣתͷԱһֱҪߵܷʵȻֻǿŮǾͺûϵ֪ǷѾ˺ʵ˫޶ôұֻ֤ȡһлأƮƮɵͬʱһΪ

ܷûڣǷŭҪң͸ҹ

⣬ԼҪãˣΪʲôҪͱ˫ޣǺϻҪΪҪͱ˫ҿɱȴ󲿷߶ǿ˫

û˵ֻ𽥴ɱæֵˣ֪ˣҲȥ˰ɣ

ܷҲ˿Ͳ˵벻˫ˣڶﻹ˿ŵ˭˫޶¶ڣôҲܴӦġ

뵽հܾһȻʮĺǱߺϻھ¯
¯Ϻ͹ġ

ϺҲǺϻھˣһʱͰ˽֪ϺһξȻˡ

ܷϺˣ˵¯ɵۡ
˺ÿѾ֪顣
ԼǰòÿˣܷһЩסˡ
΢Щ΢΢һСۼֿסֱۡ

ܷˣ·𿴵һţǷֱޡ桢ᡢԵţ޼ݣӦǡȿȡ
ɫǰܷܷԼĶӣܾϺʦֶ¯㻹Ǵȥɣҿ̫õϣҹ˶ãҾҪȥؾˣڸҲ˷ʱѽ

ϺЦ㶴ˣã˷ˡ

ܷ룬ҶӵˣȻ˧ˣܵˡ

֪λ¯һܷȻǺϻڵһأ츳ѣ˫°빦Ըߡ
Ȼ¯һЦǳޣҪȥȥǵ
¯Ҳգգ峺ʵ۾ѽޣǿԵأǺòײΪ޵¯Ļᣬ޿ɲܲҪѽ

ֶܷҪȢҵ޴Уһʱ̲ľܾ
֪˫ƵʼԾܾ
ܷҪܾһڣϺ˴ߡ

ܷ̾˿⻳еһ
Ȼ͸о漴һߡ

ȥˣδ̫˰ɣ˼ҿǺϻڵĵӣû¯˫޻ôѵҪ˼Ϊ
΢˫˵ҪԼϣ

ɫǺܺÿطҹܲţҵĶ

ܷƳһۡ
̫ԵˣɱǸԵʵ¯ҪԵܷһ߸̣һֿ˿һۡ
ʵ¯ִŵĳ࣬ҪѷɫһЩģִȦͳһȫĳˡ
ϧˣǴɣŮ

뵽ܷЩԸŮ̫Ӵ𣬱ϾҲ˫Ƶİְ֣ˣ˫ƵӦûǳġ
ѾŮʲôˣС˵ǸտأС˵ŮһģϾС˵Ůɽһأ

ܷ뵽̾˿
̾һƳ¯ôܣ
ܷҿɲ̾

һҪˣæСʦ壬Ұ˸͵ĶɣҪôԼš
ȻЦŶԿ˵ҿɲҰԴߣ֪ҰСʦ¯ִȥˣҪҵġ

һû˵ֻӻ֣˴ߡ

֮һʱ
СкصǲҿڵģܷҲ˵Ҳ˵

һӴҪûңСһ챻
Ȼܷ˵õöԣҳԲˣͼ˻ȥ

мҪܷ£Լó㲻ߵĺ𣿡
ЦҲѽҿɴûʲô

ܷЩ߷ߣôǵ٩Լ
ǼкҪҲ㣬Լ

ǿ˿૵ߡ
Ѱɣ۸Ůͷˡ
ȻŮԼҲ۸

һӣϳһЩĵģݲ衣
ܷδСкصȶæȥˡ

пڣܷźͿһȲˣ۰ͰͿǺ˲˵ġ
ʿҪźϻڵһȥؾ
ܷŶñ˭𾢡
˵չǰˡ

ܷĬĬͷȻǾѽԭпûеϻڵϣû뵽ֺϻ֮Ȳںϻڵϣؾ

ʱ˿̣ȴûȷиߺԼҪȥһؾ»Ҫ֮پ

ܷȴģڶ֪Ҫȥĸؾȴ֪ܲΥɡ
ϣⱲӴɲҪôɵˣŮһ

ܷ̾˿һĬ󣬿˵Ҫ˵α˰̾
ҲĲ裬ĺҶˣСѾͷ°ɡ

ܷ˼ǼȻ˵ҾͲˣ






14.   14    ϼ⻹ͦӲأ

ת۱㵽˽ؾʱ䡣
ܷʰԼȫҵϵĵطѡԼҪȥú
⴦ؾҲ䱦˵һǰµĶ磬вٷϧϵȡ

֮ǰĺЩ죬ܷѾؾϣ֪ؾ֮겻رգؾкܶĵطǸܺõȥ
ľؾһεĵطȻú̥С΢㣬ӦҲָΪˡ
ߣŮ
뵽˴ܷʶĴҪҵӰ
Ȼʱ˵ر𶾣Ҳľôõദʵûʵ˺ԼԼôԣԼһ°ɡ

˺һûˣ̾˿ջߣӦûԵֵģԴͱһ¡
ܷתͷŭӣСʦԴ˭Ҵ
ȻͿ۵תɫʲô
ԱߵĺЦȻѽ֪ʣôɧˣ

ܷಢ۵ͷûзϣ̧ſҾҪߣŮ鳤վܳã߻ҪҪ̫Ը飬Ȼִ̫ħ˿ô죿

ſͺһѾܷԴʺţҶ֪⻰ĵģڰʾʲô

ܷ˵ҵȻĵġ
˵ϺǱڽ˿һ㱣ص񣬾ȹˡ

ܷıӰЦһʿôɰС治׼ӦҲԸԼСͽܸġ
졣

ģ˵ǲǲ֪Ҫͬ·ôһӣôࡣ
üԶЩ
ʲôԸҸҾ˵Щʮоݰ
˵˵ոʵھܾ㣬㲻ҪзǷ֮룬Լģ

ɱƳ
ЦУûоܾ㣬㻹ôķǣĮɧɲ١

ܷߵ˸߲ҵģվϺߣϺţֺϻӴεĸо
ϺǸʵǿŮǿˣԼΪǹµκεĴ̡
Ϻǿ֮⣬ҲƯܷҲ˹ͷ

һ߰ţһ߻ͷܷСķɴˣЩǧˣʲôΣգЩǿԾѽ
ܷɵͷȫˣһûء

ûһˣһҪȥؾĺϻڵ˵˴γΪ˷ϣҲҪȥɵĵӣʲôһծЩ˶ĵӺͳǶڣҲһܻǡ

ڵǶ˵֪ˣһԹԵģ˱ǿ˫ˡ
ǿ澡ɢԼʲôɵĵӿۣҲǲҸɫĵط˫ޡ

ܷ֮ɫŮǣ۾Ҫˡ
öƯСѽΪ˫ƵҾһֱںϻڿƯС㣬Ҳ֪öô

ԱϺܷһ㿴źϻЩӣЦСʦ壬ҪһվӣնˣͲ˭ˡ

ܷ˵Щ˼ʱվӣ֪ԼҲÿҲҿű˾ñ˺ÿѽ
Ϻ˵һΪСʦ￴֮۹Ҳ޺ܶࡣ
ܷСôװͰ͵ģһֱѽ

ϺһЦ⡣

׼ˣ·Ϳһȥؾ
ܷϺǶҪȥú

֪еʱȴ⡣
ܷЩߵٶȣ죬ŮˢˢˢûӰˣߵϺҲˡ
ܷԼķٶȲʮ߶Ȳʮףɵɵ֪롣
Ƿɲ죬Ǻ°
Ϸɿɲɻ⣬ҪǸٷˤˣǶ˰

ҪҪͲȥˣˣԼؾںϻҲû̫ɡ
ֻûأͺ׷
ԭЩϻڵĵߣٸȥ֪ͿܷĥһķٶȣЦſˡ

ЦЩӿ䵽ȥ׷ܷôɵ츳ĵ𣿡
ܷͷԼߣƽ˼ڽ֮ûĿ۵ҲЦ⡣
ܷ߳ŭҾͰôɣҪǹܣǵľˣ

һ룬лһˮɫ籣籷·һ㣬̾סܷ
ܷҪڿվˣаſңҺֲȥһط
ֿܷһۣܷˣԼҪȥͬһؾ
ҲҪȥúţҪȥһؾİǸŮؾ

Ȼ˵ֲһЩ
ܷˣҲȥˣҪʬҲȥˣ
أѾ֪ܿˣôԼһؾԼôö
һ˵бܵõ
Ȼųڿն𣬲֪ܷԼɵø˶٣ٶȷǳ죬ֻܷԼ˲ٿնˣ

ڲǲϤԼߵݣܶǵԼǸˡ

Ѿ˲ٺ͸߿ռֱҪ
˵ǿ˿ھͺϲϣ˵˵ˣֱҪ

ԱߵĺֹЦˣЦòӸ߿յ䡣
еģ֪ԼĺѣԼˣ㿴ɣôô˰
ͷ۵Ц
ܷҺƲ

Ƭ̣ܷͻȻоԼһϣֻһ΢΢С硣
˿ȴûɣͷһҪ޳ˣ ̫˰Ƿɵһ㰡Һÿ찡
סԼĳ籣ſſĳ籲ܸȫС
ܷҪˣУ˰ø߰е㺦¡

ָ߶Ⱥɻɲһյĸо̫ˡ

ü׼һ߶ȡ
Աߵĺֲ´󣬡ҰɣҾͲˡˣԼ뱧ԼڣҪ˵֮ĵͱң
ջû˵

һƣܷ͸оһȻײһࡣ
ΪͻȻĳײ˻壬ɰܷŻˣ̽§סı۰ϡ
ôߵĸ߶ȣû⣬ɲʲô

ڣȶܷɵøˡ
ܷۿΧɳƣôȸոջˣ
ԾԭΪͷٶȣڶû׷ǡ
˵һ䣬ǰ滹кܶڵĺϻڵӡ
˼ǣһɽڵģûǰڷɵÿ죬Ϊ˭

ܷ˳ӣԼҲίģ̧ͷȥߡ
ʱܷͻȻӿ죬ͺ˲ŷӦǱſڷء
ȴ֡
Ȼ֪Ҳȥϵĺ»еġ
ƽʱĮʣҲǸů
ָܷ΢΢˶ңϼ⻹ͦӲأҲͦϸӦС˵дľϸ˵а˿鸹

ܷƮͻȻ÷ôߺҲûôˡ




15.   15    ŮôҲˣ

ܷſûһ׷˴󲿶ӣܷҲϰĸٺ͸߿շУﻹеССġ
˲˵ʱ򣬻ǿ۵ġ

Ǹո˴󲿶ӣв˿ܷͿ§§
е۵٩еˣǲòڸסԼ۵ļʡ

ѩһֱҪΪĻ֮ǺͿΪ£¶ˮԵ㡣
ϾʵĿãֻҪͿ˫ޣ֪жٺô
ǣƽҲͰˣܼҲῴԼһۡ

ѩҧѾɵǰĿܷʵڲ֪Ϊʲôѡܷ
ֻܷǱÿһ㣬ȵ۹Ǳܷ˺ܶ࣬Ҿḻ

ѩ΢˫ѵϲɾģ
ܷҲɾͽڴʦ˯
ϴοʧ£˭֪·ϣ˯ˣô¾ʹڵڡ

һܷÿնڸʩչ߿ôֻ׼ܷһˡ
ţѩ΢˫
ܷĹŵӣ϶ʲô֪ط̸ֻܷ

ѩͬ뷨ˣɲֹһ
Ͼںϻڿһ⣬˭ҧء

ܷҲ֪ôģЩȵĿ⣬Щߵġ
ܣȻʿǻжòܵ
бһۣôֲǺ֪ܲˣ
˵ţܷ΢Ķ䣬ĺװİɣ

ܷˣƫǺϻҲкܶõӵġ
˵Сǲֹһ̸ݿΣ˵鲻ѧ

ܷʵϻڴȷʵȥϱΪ
ûϹԭϹֿΣȻм䣬Ҳᰡ

ֲܷҷֻ֣ܡ·
·ǷƫƫǱܷġ
ڣٶȺܿ죬ûһ͵ؾڡ

ϻڵĵʱɵӵĹעϾϻֻŮӣŮӸɫ

ֻǿһۣƿߣһЩ̰ߣһֱźϻߡ
ҺϻڵŮޣɲһ˫ޣпֻǵЩΪԼĺϻŮޣΪԹԼ

һЩ˵ڿϵġ
ܹΪϻڳϣںϻչصʱﱣϻڣѾúܶ˺Ľ
оͰӦ塣

ӦԭؾģһؾУҪķ
ǵѩ֪úͶ˼

ҲȥǸؾʱ˻Ǹ֮úǸ˻ˡ
ͿദĻɲ࣬ʮֳݿҪһЩദĻᣬһεؾУܹԼһ䣬ǸǶõѽ

ܷ֮ʶתͷ˿ܣŮһ˲䣬ɵˡ
ΪɣⱾС˵ǸԼܾˣŮôҲúҪȥһؾ
Ůˣܲɣ
ܷĴ˿Ҳϲѽ

ܷ˶㣬ʵǲԸŮǰŮע⵽

΢΢ͷ˿ܷ˳߿ȥ
տһʲôͷͼִܷԼ̵ƵϺ
Ȼܷ¶һı顣


ܷľһԼԭһֻ˼ʮϰֵڻҡ
ǿһǱٽֵʱĴɡ
ڻңĴŮһ𣬵ʲô̫⡣
Ů֣ɾҪΪŮϷѽЩеҪɫһ̫ã϶ΣգǶԶһȽϺá

컯Ū𣿲ôҲ㲻Ȿľߡ

ϺСʦ̾ͷüΪǷеʱ򱻴Цˣ˼
οܷСʦǰδʹһɣϰķи߶ȺٶҲǺģξˣ˭ոЦҿɶǼȻˣҰ

ܷ˵Щ˼ҲûΪԼɵĲþ
Ϻ˵Ҳأ߿һ·ɴ㲻֪·ж˶Ľأ

ܷһ˶㡣
Ȼ͵͵ؿ˿ֿûȥӽŮǣûпŮǣͳûš
һЩңÿûпŮǣǲǾͲᾭĥˣ

ܷоԼҪˣԿŮΪʲôҪԼͬһؾǲڣԼһ˶̣Ͳῼôˡ

ܷ־ǿںϻڴ̫ˣȻϻŮӶûŮĺÿƯǷǳƯģܾΪƯˣеƣˣ

˼ʱؾܷϺؾ̱ǰ

ؾŵȥɫ쵵ֺС
ˮӳɫ쵵֣ԵԵʮλá
ܷǾկĳ档

ܷܹܵؾеʮֳ㣬ΪȽϵ͵˵ʲôҲòֻҪܹѾ׬ˡ
ⲻڿÿ֣

ؾ֮󣬸һؾȥ
ܷҲźϻڵĽһؾȥţͻȻоǿŵԱȥ

ܷǱһۣһøߴɣʱɹǳʱ
ܷ˫Ƶ𣿡
˫Ƶա
ܷͷʺţһֻСΪʲôϲӣֲ󣿡

Ҫôܲأ
ܷϺк£Ұµľ飬һ㣬˾˳طɵվãʼԼҺժӡ

ԼҺӻͦȻ˵ڵﶯĿɻˣһָʹժãһָʹժǿš
ܷ˳˼ժ֣֮˫ƵӣƷߵһõﶼʯأ

ܷժϲ̡
֪ϲ׬Ǯʣ͸Һöĺñ

ժÿģɵˣΪԶˣ˵ҲǺܹ˼ɡ
ǰʱһֱһϻŮӵ飬Ǵ˾֪
ҿȻҪһ

һʵ˵˵߽§ŵǸϻŮӣǲǾһֱҪҵǸˣ
һ˵΢ɳƣԭҪˣΪͻȻô࣬ҿʼһϻڵĵӣһΪǸϻڵӲŽΪΪô࣬㻹§ؾ

һҲǣ˵ĶԣȻǸϻڵŮȷʵǾɽ˭лŮΪ󣡡
ɳ͵ӦǸŮӰɣ

ܷõľ

ʵ˵˵֮ǰΪô࣬ǱϻڵŮ𣿡
ɳƵѹҶôµģǸϻڵŮ̫ˣҪˣ

ܷϲҶԲŹôѰ






16.   16    ˶֪ܷҪס

µûһˣܷժ֮ҲŴ󲿶Ӽǰߡ

Ȼӻûм峴ƹֻɢɹζѾܷ̲סʿˮһһ߰˳ԣ˫ƵҲʮֿģĵﻶش

·ǿʲôֲʯǿѸٲ̵ޣҲ֣Ҷϣܹһεؾ֮ջ

ܷҪúܶࡣ
ʱҶʯ
Щıƻֵȼ
ֻڵʯǻƼʯܷžȻڳһ켶ʯ

Աߵѩ֮ҧˣҩܺõĵҩ
ҪǣԴΪ½֮ҲܵһˣҪһЩҩ޲塣
ʯһζȽҪҩ

ѩܷڵʯ֮Ҳûʲôرı飬ͺڵһͨƼʯʯ
һ߹ȥЦ˵Сʦ壬Ҹոҳһŵؼʯʮʯ㻻һ𣿡

Сʦ岻֪Щʯͬȼ֮Ķһֵ
ܹӼۣͻһ켶ʯ
ʱԼٰ켶ʯ͹ȥټһЩȻ֮˵ߣ˫һΡ

ܷûü˼˫Ƶͷ˼Ծǣ
ܷѩ˵ŶõģҪȥطһң

ѩϵЦҪסˣСʦ壬Ҫټʯ

ܷûü˵ϺǺô̰ѽ켶ʯʲôƷףһٿʯСʦ壬Ҳֲһʯ󡣡

ѩԾû
ϺҲһֱѩԸƫƫѩ˵Ҳ˵ҲӮֻǰһ뿪

ѩ֮Ϻ˵СʦɲҪƭˣƭĶǰûʶ̻𣬾㡣
ܷͷǿ켶ʯŽԼĺɰȻͳһŵؼ黨ллŶҰ͸㣡

Ϻ˫ۣղȷʵ·һƬ黨ӶһЩ黨Ǻϻƾ鵤ҩҪҩģ鵤ҩԶԸЩҪǵߡ
黨ĵȼԽߣƳĵҩȼԽߣΪԽߵ߾Խá
ںϻڵĵ˵һñ

ϺæܷѶŻԼĺɰⶫСʦԼʲô

ܷһϼҴڵģԺҲ˫ˣϺʦֶͲһ㳤ôǺϻڻ⽻ٵְ𣬿϶в˾㣬϶ҸҪ
ֱӽ⻨ϺҲϲöҲԸѽ

Ϻһ뵽Լ֮ǰµķծһؼ黨
ȻۿܷСʦ˵Ǻá

ܷԼĶӣɶ˫ƵĹѽ
˫ƵԼĸ׿ʮʲôöԸŹ΢ôռ͸ӦǶ˫ƵԼûõģǶѼԼ

ЩĵرȻˣܷȻŹֻЩԼûã͸Լϲõˡ
΢еҫĳ嶯ΧûˣʹԼĺɰͳ˺üҲĲı

Ϻ֮࣬ͻȻе㲻Ծ
Ϻ˵߾ͺϲӣҵڵؼԡ
ֿŽҲϲýˮȣʯҲպõ߱
Ϻܷ۵һ˿͵ЦСʦŮúǳְѽʱʱ̶̿Ϊ롣

ܷһ͵ЩɲǸɵģ
Щ˫ƵԵģǸʯͷԺûȥ˫Ƶѡ

ϺһƲ˵Ƶģ

·ϣ˫Ƶο̽Ѱģʽҵ˺ü
Ҳ½˴ԡ
ϻСͽΪ߿ʮ֣ҵ˺ö౦Ҫ׸ߣʮѽ

⻰ʼǴѩﴫȥġ
ѩ֮һֱעܷûͷܷ˵õòˣ
˷˺ô󹦷ҵһߵؼĲıҵ켶ߵؼģҶö඼ǿõġ

˭˵ܹܷôأѩдɣһ뷨ܷӦķȥѰЩ߽׵ı

ѩƲƲ죬ԼʶĺӦ˵СʦСؼҩǱóȥˣֻҪչؾΪΪʲôö
˵ѩ̾һ۵ԹĹ⣬ʾһܹҵôıһʲô̽⵽Щʲôط
רҪĵر񣬲ҪȥΪ½ֻҪ㹻ķʱ䣬Ҳ⼸顣Сʦһǣ߷֮ǰ˫޼ΣɲȸЩҰ˫޼ٴЧã

Ӧ忴ǱľܷӦòɣķΪʲôóϻأϻڴ󲿷ֵӶҵƷ׸ߵı

ѩһǾòһպ޵ΪֻӤʱڴģǺϻڵŮֻһ
Ůֱ˵÷ζʮ㡣

˵ѩӦûӦԼøӦ˵ЩҲû˼Ǿȥˣ𽥰ܷķѰŵرڵ˳ȥ

ʱ¾ʹ˿ĺѴϢ

ͿһǿؾıģһЩǵòıȻ󣬵ԼȥѰҲ̫˷ʱˣ絽ʱĶ˻÷㡣
磬ϵķൽʤ

ǴԵǳĥʱ;һԼͷϡ

ЩԶﴫҥԣһ߼ػ֣һ߾ϲǸСŮˣ˵Ϊ˲ٵĺöأ͵͹ɣʱÿ֮رķУ

죡˫΢ϣ

һģЦ˿ʮ㣬Ǻϻڵһˣҿģֻһˣ㵱治׼֣

۵˺һۡ
ˡ㲻ҾˡĻһϷӣҿͶ㻹ܲĮ顣

Ĭһ˵ƽ˲ٺö
˲䶮ԼѵģֻڸлǰĿ˵Ϊ͸Щĵرҽڣ

ۿԼѡ
˵̫ô죿˰ɣ

˶ſһȣܷЩĵرһ͵ǰ
֪һչȥһգܷ㶯ҲûУǺԽԽɻ󣬶ɫҲԽԽڡ

ܷҲԣǴŮϺġ
ʱҶϢһ۵СԼʱ䶼ЩʲôԽÿֻطһҲûϵ
ȻŮϤ

Ӧһ䣬Ϻˣ洫˵ǳҪϺööıΪδӲǳʲô

ܷ
˭Ҫͺöö౦ˣ

Ϻ΢ԼҲɻ漴ֶӦһЦҲ֪Ǵ˵ģҿûСʦ˵ҪЩȫߡ
СʦСʦ嵹ȷʾЩΪ߼ġ

Ϊܷ룬һ䣬СʦҪЩ׸ߣҲһǵؾȻصϻڣеʱ䡣
ȻصϻڣСʦ嵽ûͣЩ˾Ͳ֪ˡ

ӦȻԭˣҲ֪˭ҥԣǽǳ޼˸̨ͣһв˾Ǻˣ᲻ðɡ
˵΢Щģ߽Լƽ˺ǳ޵飬Ҳв֪ˡ

ܷԱ͵͵ţüͷ
˭ڵ°ң





17.   17    ǿȸô𡭡

Ӧ֮Ϻҵܷü΢Сʦ壬ҥҲ֪˭ȥģһ콫
һ䣬ȻʱҲ٩Сʦ壬Ҳûн⻰˵ѽСʦ壬ɲң

ܷȻôܻ洫Щҥԣ

Դ֮Ϻһֱͷ⣬ϺҲûбҪ洫ЩҥѽΪʲôѽ
ܷ֪ԼǺܴҲûб̶ֳȡ

ϺĵĻǱߣҲ֪ǷѾ֪ҥԣҲˣɾͲˡ

ܷ΢΢üͷ
ԭֻúõضʣȻҸ̵ĵطŷ̡
ھȻڱҥ
ҥǸҳ֪۸ԼĺԺǲ˭Լͷϲһţ

ôãһֱŬȥҪԼԺҪֻС
һܸһԼܺ۸

ܷƽʱȵڼǾ鷳ϺʦֶҲ˭ںҥ
Ϻ˵ͷתȥµԭί

ܷҲûţԼʶ̽봢ɰ棬̵Լ͸ĲıЩ
õĵȻЩԿ˵ǳõı
Ƕ˫Ƶô˵ҲǿĺӣȻǺԼоŷ񣬵ЩʺϿֲԼҲʺǡ

ܷ̾˿˫Ƶ˵Ҫʯǵϸװɣɵҩ޸кô
˫ƵĵŤŤ
ܷ˵Ըǵϸ׾һ£Ը¡

˺һ˫Ƶһ¡

ܷͬİ취˫Ƶѡϣպÿȥĳ籣ȻЧǶҲ˫ƵøõĶˡ 
ϸպܹ֮ǰӿõ

ܷһǷԼһʸأ

Ѷ֮ϺҲϢˡ

Ϻʱɫ䣬۵̾ŭ⣬_Ŀüһֱ˵ǺϻӦô׽һ㣬໥֣ܲ裡
ѩǽ˵ЩȫˣȻݺͬŽã

ؿܷһۣСʦ壬ģһὫȻصϻ֮һúóͷ
ɾ㵽ʱصϻܹѩӦôأ
ܲܰ鱨߰ɣȻǺϻڵĹϣ˴ҲֻΪ˱ϻڵӵİΣЩ

ڲѩԵͷϺҲܲ˵Сʦˡ
Ϻ࿴ܷСʦ壬ʲô취ܹѩԵͷ֮

ܷ΢΢˫۵ȻҪħħ
ܷȻҵҥôͲҥˣ

Ϻɫ΢ܷȻ
СʦҪ֮֮

ǣѾܷٸڵЩ֮ͻȻһϢ
˵ѩܷҪ͸ߵĶҪǰȥ¶

ʲôǳҪ͸ߵĶʦֶѩˣҪ̰ͼЩɣ
Ͳ֪ˣ˵ҪԸ͹ȥһοǴӺǳ˲ٺöأ

˵ιߣһҲǰ¶˭֪Ͷʱô˵
Ҳ˵ǳǵڶγţǰһֱںϻչûоʣ̫űˣ

ţ֪ոշʲô𣿺ϻڵѩ˴Сʦ˺üʮĵرҾ˵ǳôڻûѶ͹ȥԭ˴ˡ
Ǹѩ²Ǵֱͣ˽̵Щɣôôû͹ȥ
ǲҪԼˣߵĶҲ̰

ѩЩҥԵʱ˶ɵˣ
ʲôʱܷĵرҪ͸ߣ⵽˭ҥ

ѩֱĳǰ˻𣬡û֤ݵĻҲҺ˵˵ҵʱ򲻿
ǸҪߣץסʵ⻰˭ģ

˺ЩˣҵԴͷֱӳ嵽ܷǰ˹֮ŭҧгܷ֪СʦΪʲôҪңѵСʦǰ˵ĻѵСʦ岻ĵ໥֣Ҫݺϻڵĵӣ

ܷ˵Щ
ƳѩƲû˷ϣΪʲôҪȥ˵ҵЩĵرȫҪΪڣ

ѩŭ֮࣬ѾԼ֮ǰЩ¡
ʱֻǵñ˸Լ˺ǵԼô˺˱ˡ
ʱܷһ˵žܷȻڱ

ſܷСʦ壬㾹ȻǱصˣҲֻڸҿЦѡ

ԱߵϺøǻߣͿҪƲסԼˡ

ܷȴʮֵȻ˵ѽҲڸҿЦѽô㿪ЦҿЦ˫ر׼Ŷ
㶼Ѿ˺ˣܣһؽЩҿ϶Ҫħѽ
ܷԲ˭أҲΪѽһħһҪԸĿ϶㰡Ҳǲ˺㣬ġ

ԱߵϺܷĻһЦˡ
ȻСʦƽȻԣȴҲǼ츳ĺϻڵءԴڴʦֵʱǸûиŮԸѩĻߣҲأ

ߵѩǱ̣òУҲִܷ򲻹ԱߵϺ
ŭǵͨ죬ȴûа취ŭ̾ôܷô񶾵ˣ
ֻܲ_Ŀת뿪

Ϻǳˬˣ߹Ͷܷʹһͨʺƨ»ָı飬Сʦ̫ˣ
ֱܷʾѽѽһһ㣬Ҫȣѡ

Ҫ͸ĶѾѡˣǻҪ͹ȥġ

ѾӺ࣬Ц䣬СŮûҪѺö㣬ǲǺʧ
ȱǵ㶫

ЦǰȥЩɾǴˮƯඣ
ǡ

˵ţͿܷ߹üЦ˵٩СѾͷͱ𣿡
ܷԵѽûи׼Ŷ
ôϣ˫ƵѾ᲻ˣٸһ˫Ƶڶ޵û찵أ

仰ϵЦʱӲ
û뵽ûˣԼ

ܷæߵǰԼ׼õóݸߣҸղż񵽵ıҾúʺ㣬͸ˣ

ȲûıϣǵؿܷΪЩԣŸͱġ
õĻǳ䣬ȻѾǳ϶ܷûô󷽡

ܷڿǰ˵ѾɾˣûаԸģǰôء
һĨЦЦ

ܷһְ̧Լؿڣߣ㿴ϵ۾ѽĸԸЩģ
תߣˣ㲻Ըʲô壿

ܷ
ǿȸô
ҪĲҪת֮ǰΪʲôҪһֱճıϣ




18.   18    ͵˫Ƶĸѡ

İܷҲǵһϣǰͲֻͨߣܲ³˼ˡ

Ȼת뿪ڲҪ

ܷŵſϷĺ棬˸ۣ׷Ͽſ˵ҵȻ֪߲ȱЩҲҵһѽϾҴҲ˺öأ߾ͲܸһرĻ𣿡
ܷԼ⻰˵ʵ̫ˣ

ҲΪ仰ͣ½ŲǿõĲϣ̧һӣܷĶʧˡ

ܷ¶һõЦݡ 
ѽڿɾǷҵĸˣ
ҲԸѵͷÿԼʲôҲˬѽ

֪һһﾹȻһ
˵ǰ¹

ܷ˫һһöѽ
չϡû뵽㾹ȻֶʺϺϻɰСѾͷʮ궼ٳȥ˫ޣҲ˳˳ˡ

ܷȴӴĵһ˲䣬ܹо˫Ƶϲá
Ȼ˫ƵôϲһȻҪǳѽ

ʿм䲻ףҪ̥ϼѡ
ԭԭʿӶǷǳѵ飬Ӱ쵽ʿΪ
ǲѡӣ˺öҲĿԼΪ
ϾֻҪΪͬ٣ҪԼѪ

ܷһʵͦϲСӵģδԽ֮ǰиСйصῴڶƵƽ̨ע˺ܶ޲
ܹñǷǳ˷ܵĺöȻԸǳԡ

ڿܻأٻٶͲż
Ƕ˫Ƶֻ֮ͨСȸԼٶȣǶ̵˺أ
׷ͺڷˣɲ뾭

ܷϲ̽ѿĸֱӻ˳һź˿ߣǸţ
⻰΢üͷ
Ҳо̫Ծڿôأ

ܷæɱԩңм䣡ߣ㲻Ҫҽû㣬ľʵһ˵ģ
ٺû˵ôֲޡ

ڿͺһѾıУܷı󲿶ȥؾ

ûһͼͺҲ˹˵ߣѩŻѪ顣

һֱʮĮͬƽʱһδ˵
Աߵĺ΢΢°ͣǹһĨĻȣѩˣ˵˿ܷ͸ı

ѩԺͿ˶ư֣æߣûССʦҪ͸ıСʦûаЩңⶼǡҧҧһ£Ȼ˵һжܷΪЩǲ֪˭ҥԡ

𣿡
ȻͿһܷϷҲܷʵСѾͷ˵Ŀʵ

ܷⷴҲˣͷ˵ʵȷʵûаתҵ

˶ΪҪ˶䣬ȴҡͷ˵һ̫άͬʦֶ
ôҲʵһҪҥԵӡ
ƵѩԼĺɰͳ˺üƷ׵ϣŰݡ

ͿŻᣬҪЩ϶ܷ
ܷ˵ҲŲҪЩԼ£

˭֪һĻȻһɵŮӿȥܷô˵ģôģǸŮûпֻ֪ԼǰܷһʮƷ׵ļƷְѴѩչĲȫܷ

ʮֽԼӰԶԶֻۣص˴󲿶ӡ
ɫȴһֱʮıʲô

ֻǳΪŮܹõôôܹΪĵ¡

Աߵͬʦֿ·æʵƣڷʲôǰֲٷҪҲˡ
ƻعǣǿһЦͻȻԼʦ˵ʦ֣˵Ϊ½ǷǱϻڵĵӸΪ





19.   19    Сﳳ

һ뵽ɽЩԣʦֵȻһϻڵĹ֪ģҶ²Ӧ˫йء
Ů˵ǣ߲û˼Ǻ޺ϻڣԺϻǸŮôá
βס̰

üͷ΢壬˵˵ϻڵо֮Ҳ֪ǳǺϻϲĵӣԶһЩҲӦİɣ
ŮȴͬǰҲû˶жû˵˭ùʦ֣㲻֪߸ܷЩжãЩԡ
ߵʦã㵽˵ʲô

Ů죬ʲôû˵
ʵѾжϾˣֻҪñ˵ͬԲŻʦ˵顣
Ȼʦֺ˵һ飬Ҳ׼ټ˵ĶԻ
뷨Ѿıˣʦֲôױ˵һҲûܹô׵˵Ůޣıڵ뷨

ÿǴôˣ˵ҪҵǸνĺϻŮӣֻҪҵ˫޵Ǹˡ
Ҫ˫޵ǸˣֻΪǸ˸
˵ɱǸˣЩֻǱ˴ģ

ȻܷŮܵõôöΪ˫޹ҼΪµˣ˸౦֮⣬пܻᱻָԼٶΪϵõܴͿһɽ硣

뷨ʱ
ܹпΪߵΪ£ܴõķؼĶԼеĳģֻ뾡챧ſĴȣϽݾ

ѰͨŮӳԼǰʱ۵׵ɫȾһ˿ͷ
Ȼû̷ֻѯʵк£

Ů˫ᣬ΢΢ҧü֮ίߣɽŮˮ㣬мʵǲȥˡ
ﻹݣĿˣ͵ſʲô¡

ǿͲʣޱؿ͸Զ߲ûϡ
λˮŮ̲סˣ˵֪ѾҺܾˣȴǵһξ˫£һǺĴֻź£һʱҳϣ

ϣԱߵĺҲ¶ζı顣
΢˫˵㣿

ˮͷգգ۾ü֮ңߣôãʵҲϣܹʱյ

һЦ̧һգλˮŮ߱ԭ͵Ȼһѱץס죬˾ȻѪѪ£۵׵𾪺Ϳ־Ҳڸǲסġ

˿ƲסĿ־ϢѾȫ񶼱ˡ

ôԼȫһȻҪɱ˵˫޵Ǹ𣿻˵ҪҵǸϻڵӣʵûк˫ޣ

ˮ֪ĸطˣȴ֪ԼˣҺûκλתء
ߣŹңҸոյĻֻǡֻҹϣ˵ƭģҸûк˫ޡҺûκιϵⶼҹԵϣұұ˸ƭˣ

Ȼ֣֪ʲôʱĲԽԽ
ȻѾҪҲܼȥȴоϢС
˿ѾоΧԼͽһֹ

밡дõ껪ھȥ
ĲӣҲ˵ֻܵһ˫۾΢˵ǿҵ

ҲδȰ˵һ࿴
֪Ůǲ⣬ɽ粻Ѵ˵Ǹǵħͷôϸƭ

ûɱˣֻǼΪŮ˲˼ʮ꣬۽ǲơ

Ů˱ⶪڵϣ˫̧ͷŷï֡
Ƭ̧֮ԼݺϵƤҲͰͣش󺰳ߡ

ɽĵӿķߺޣ˭ģǣɽؽ죬㱨𣡡

Ϊʵֲ̫ˣؾ֮ΪԼΪ
ɽЩߣҲ޷Լ߲һ˴в

ԱߵĺЦˣЦǷ̺Ͳм˵Ϊǿ˵ģܹԿ˵һֱҪҵǸϻڵǸԭгɽ綼֪£˵ʲô

ʱɽǸˮĹеӲŻȻߵԼɵĳߣʦøղȷʵĹߺͺϻλӵ飬Ϊֻģû뵽Ȼð档

ɽҲٹߣֻ˽ͳؾѾûΪؾǴȥģͳȥص˼䣬ꡣ

ҲȫȻ޹Ѿ˺üǸϻڵŮӣѾ˵ŮӾǺϻڵˡ
˭뵽ɽŮӾȻȥð棬ҵȻȥ޷ǾͷڿõĳЩôѣǱħϡ

һֱԶܷҲЩߵۣҿڵǸѾɫ˥Ůˡ
̲ס΢΢˿־ˡ
Ϊʱӹ̫ˣѾǿԭеĳħͷΪ˺ŮһŮ
ȵŮ֮󣬿ŮԽԽ˶ɱһҵòҲñ˵õǻȥ˵ƫִԵ

ܷȶסԼΣԶ˫Ƶ˵СһҪúԼϢǧܱǸˣȻҲѽ˵趼Ҫһȥˣ

ڴʱԼ﷢ˡ֨һ
еǰֵʱ򣬶ԺﶼǸǴ紫ġ

ܷ˽ӲԭأţǰɣǰɣⲻԼ˫Ƶɣ
һ룬ַ˺͸ղһҡ֮֨󣬾Ȼһߴ

ڻȷܷԼʵеʲôˣԶ˫ƵԵ̬⣬ڻܹгˣ

һ˲ܷĶˣԼܹᵽЩĸڸܵԼﺢ̥ʱʲôˡ
˫Ƶһŵĺӣǻ뷨һ˼ᶨس
һҪ˫Ƶ

ȹ뿪˶Χ۵·أѡһȲ󲿶ӣȴԶĵطܾС
нʱҲںĹУϤ˽ؾҪѡһȽϰȫصĵط

һ·ϣܷܹ˫ƵͬСһ۵˺˫Ƶ֮ϵҲˣܹ֪˫ƵԼʲô˼

С˫Ƶ˵˵ǰкñ
˫ƵӶʮֻڣȻûŪ裬һʮּ
֨֨֨֨֨֨
ߴߴߴߴߴ

ܷ˺һ֮ǵĸĸжɢ˺ˣˣеԴۣ

˳źָʾķ߹ȥȷʵַһųʮֲͬݡ
ǿŲͨƬ˳ĲҶΧ֮УһɫС
̴ܷԭļȡϢ
ݣһ׵ġ

ܷɲݰժϸ˿ʱɲݵֵ
СŽԼĴаģԭزûжĴţ׼⸽ٿûĺö

ȻҲԼС
ݿƯζ϶Ҳ׼ôѽǳ֮գǵҵ˰ȫĵط˳Ե

֪СӾȻߴߴ˵˻ǼֱС롣
ܷߴߴȻܶǵ˼ǻ˺һʱ䣬˵ԣҳ𣿡

ߴ
֨

ܷǹһĨЦ⣬ڶѾ۷ˣ˵ؾȥ֮󣬾ܹڣֻҪɹɽ٣ܻİأǲΪ赣ģԼҪŬ󣡡

Сߴߴ
Ȼû˵˻ܷȴǵ˼أǿԹ
⺢ӻûѾҪ

ܷ߽ԼĺӣȨȴΣ

ܷΣյˣѩ
ѩͱܷΪһЩԼϢܷûзѾӽԼ

ѩԭģؾһжܷԶԶ룬ΪֻҪһܷ÷š

ղѩܷת׼һȥûã룬ƾʲôҪܷǸԭʼѡģ
ͷոյǸȥ

ȻûþͿܷڵϣһ׵ĺݡ
ѩ۾ˣղܷͻȻıнôתͷ뿪ԭԼĻԵȴܷˣ

ܷճأȥʱѡԼԭȥķȻͽڴʦ˫ޣΪһӾڣֿʼڿ˲ٺôѾ۷塣
ȵؾصϻڣһİ˳ɽ٣ɹᵤڡ
Լôô࣬ܷԼĻԵô׽ڣôܲޣ

ƽʱѩһȥܷһ
֮ǰܷܷǿƣϺԶվܷһߵģԿ

ֿĸоеļʡߺ޷Ŵûз֣ԼĵѾһɺɫԹ

ҲЩҵģҲȥߵŮģΪϺϵãҵĻԵͻȻı䷽ݵĻԵ
ƾʲôƾʲôܹȡ˵Ķûһ㱨Ӧ
ƾʲôÿζֻܱѹƣ

ڻô죬ҸɱϺ߻ΪѾ۷壬Ҹûлܹнһ

ڴʱѩоԶһ쳣̷Ӧؾ޻ޡ

һؾУĵر֮⣬ȻҲźܶΣֻǲŸոսؾãֱһһЩȽСΣ⣬ʱͽˣûи󲿷ֵʲôš
ⲢؾǾ԰ȫġ
ѩܹоһֻ޵ȼǳߣϢº͵Ϣ׺ݵġбģ޽ǳļ֡

ѩתҪص󲿶ӣȴ̤ȥһʱͣ˽ŲȻͷһڵžݷܷ
̬ôУ̲סҪ⾳뷨

ѩ
Сʦ壬ɲܹңԼܵıӦѣ㲻ôôľ
ңҲֻҪѣ׷һ׷㣬Ϳˡ

˵ѩԼϢóֻӿ޳˹ȥ
Ƿɣʮݣֱֱ޵Ŷȥ
ϲһ˿ϢϢܷϵϢһģһ

һֻҵȼͣѩŹһ£ĵȼ൱һ𵤳ڵıϵߡ
ֲˣҲǽ𵤳ڣʵ൱򲻹ѡӣǶ°

֮ǰֻȻŹȴǱݺ壬ֻ޷˾Уʱ߱ȽϽĲߣҲܷ

ܷվתͷͿһֻëֱɫϻԼ˹




20.   20    ԾȾ

ܷܹоֻɢƺѹҪԼ۷߻Ҫߵģ˼ʶȾܡ
ǿΪԼ֮

˫ƵҲͻȻΣŵ֨֨ҽУ
֨֨ܣ
ߴܣ

һֻ޷ǳֲӦԲõĻܷпܾͻɥڴˣ
ʶʹ˷żһ㣬˾ʹ˳ȥɼʹˣֻԾ׷
ΪԳƵ׷ˣ

ܷʶû󲿶ӵķɣ°͵ǰ֮ԼΪˡ
ֻ޵׷ᣬܷǳ⣬ͺԼ˺飬ҪԼһ㣡

ʱܷʧȥӰ
ѩܷʧķ۵һȻǵǣ˹˵СʦΪ˲ôײ԰޸ˣ
ôѽ޿ʮͣСʦֿ϶Ǵ򲻹ģҪôźãǸϿ׷ȥСʦְɡ

һ˵ģ̸͵λ߿ˣĸȥˣȥ
ԣһֻȼܸߵޣô˿϶Ҳܴù
СʦȷʵЩ̫ԸȻֻһֻޣҲӦԼԸҹͬսܹشֻޣ

ҿѩָķ׼ȴһŮͻȻ˵һСʦԴֻ֮һ˽ռ޵أڹȥǰæǻᱻΪĻԵ

ԭ׼жͣ˽ŲͷǸ˵ĽŮӣ˵ͦе
Ҳǰ󲿶طҲûôԶΪʲôֻ󲿶أҪֻޡ

ѩżˣʱϺȹڳȥϺɵȥСʦ壬Сʦ϶ֻΪ˶ռԵԸôҰˣȻҲǺ޿񲻱СʦΪͣСʦںΣգ

Ϻۿѩĺϻڵһ֣Ƕţȥˡ

ӰոʧԭأͺҲѩǰ
ɫ΢һ˫۷·ܿ͸һУ䶢ѩô£

ѩƲס΢΢һŽոЩ˵һ飬ߣϽȥСʦɡ
Ҳ˲ʧ

֣΢˫ѩɺŭΪʲô޻׷ܷô򣿡
ѩͷҡҲǺҿʱѾ׷Сʦʧˡ

һѩ죬ýڵߣȻһֻΪλ׷űҲΪŻʲôã
ѩʶҪѣȴץøȻôģ͸һȥ˰ɣҵҪֻж֪׷ܷˣȴûκж

Ϊ꣬սթ޺ˣԼҲʲôʵˣѩȻǰ治ˣ

ץѩ죬Ҳʧԭء
ѩʧһ˲䣬ڲļı޷졭
ܹܺõİһǳ޺ˡ

һЩɼϻڵϺԼߵˣѾȥλӣһۣҲɳһΪϸߵˣµϢȥ

ȻǸϵܷϢʧһֻһֻŭıԭشתǻŭòй

һ˳֣ŭǨŭͷϡ
ҲҺͿֻܳϺȥ
ȻڼҪӽϺһ˲䣬ͻȻоһϤϢ͵ת䣬ճֵĺѩȥ

ѩһľѾӵ˴СʦϢĶֻΪʲôҪԼ
Ƕڴ˵أӦòֻ˼ˡ

ǽһУûеģֱӽΣյС
˭Ҳû뵽һ𵤳ڵŮֱӳȥ

ֻȻǱͿΪǾǴòֵһᣬֻҪһָ̧ܻɱֻ
Ȼǲûж֣ȵѩӳȥ֮ԹۣѩæԼı

ϺҲû̳ǿűղŴתĵط΢΢üԱߵĿ˵ߣطԭӦһռģ԰ɡ
ͷ类ܷ֮ʱرգҪһطûڣֱҵռ䲨쳣֮ǿһڡ

Ϻ緽ʽȫټ
Ҫҵܷ

Ҳ΢üͷСѾͷҲ̫ɵˣôǣһĶʲôһΣأ

ֱӶȥˡ
˭Ҳûйܺͱ򶷵ѩ
ѩʱѾЩ֧Ųסˣܹ֮𵤳ڣΪ˯ö࣬Ĺܹ𵤳ڵô

ϺȥѩһѵӦԱһ߶Ϻ˵ϺңֻԼһ˴򲻹

ϺȴͻȻͷ۵ױŷһĨ壬֪Ҳ򲻹Ϊʲôֵʱ㲻ֱǣҪҪҪСʦϢȥ׷Сʦ壡

Ϻҧгݣز޲ֽѩⶼӦã飬ؾ֮нص̻ʦţ

ɵϺĻԭ׼ǰæˣҲͣԼĶ
һؾǰԭܹȴ֪ΪʲôΣյУˣǿɲæ
ǴҶɢȥǴռȥˡ

ȻͺȥǴռˣ˵ܷǶںϻڻ˶ǺҪģǵȻҪȥҪˡ

ܷһռ磬ԼҴȥģ˫Ƶġ

ʱһߣһһŶ쵰С˫Ƶһֻźڵϻ˫Ƶڵ֨֨ҽС

ܷŲƵ죬˫Ƶ˵裡֪˵ˣ
ղܹһͷռ磬Ϊ˫ƵͻȻĳ۵ߴߴ֨֨Ҳˡߡ

˫ƵˣֻδɵСҲЦˣ֨֨еǸص֨һȻںܷأ
һߴߴȴҪŴ࣬۵غһ䣬裡

ܷǿ˫ǿʮɫĿȸϲ˲䣬ŲתòˣѽСԣ
Ȼֶһֻ֨֨Ҳһߴߴˣ

֨֨ߴߴȻۣܷˣСŮ
ϱ۲ľѡͬǼСˣ
СŮŴŴԹɣСȹӣǱ裬ɰˣ

֨֨һԼĸ׾ȻƺԼãŭһ
ָܷ˫Ƶϸο֨֨ɰˣĵѽ
ȻӺɰͳӣ裬ӳԣ

֨֨һߴߴ˷ܵؽܷһ裡
ܷһȫһ̲ˮȲڴСĳ

ӵĿǰȥȻӰڵԱߣûһǵĹͽӹ˽ȥ
ι˺üţȻٰѸոշһԵĺݵݹȥԱݸˣһҪ׳׳ѽԺƿǵʱ򣬲ӵһ壡

Ҳ֪Сƿ֮ǻСӤС̡
̫ڴˣ

֨֨ߴߴԸݡ
֨֨װͰ͵ģԣ
ߴߴľͺŴԣ

˵ĻǺܶ࣬ܷȴܹ򵥴ʻ˼
СƨԼʱԼܳʲôһᱻСա
ǸոԼĶӣ֮ҪԼݣǲǵĸ̺ǿ

ʵСҲԼ뷨
ǵʶδںϻڴ˺ü֮Ҳϡ֪ϻڵΪҪͱ˫ޣǵȴܾͱ˫ޡ
ȥΪܶò
ôԣΪô࣬ôǣǵȻҲҪΪã
Ȼ˵Ҳرãȴ뽫õĶ裡

ܷϡܵСƨԼĹĺͰۿЩ΢΢졣
ǵĵô⣬ԼΣա
Լֻǵʱ򣬲Ÿȫġ

СƨһһѾܷǲˡ
Ŀ

ܷúЩʣǿʮɫĿȸڵһǣĹԱǸ裬ʲôһҪĶ

ȻǵȴͻȻͨ죬ߴߴߴһҲûзκ֨֨߳ŭԣ
Զͳԣû׵ʲô˻ᱧŵȥģǡߡˣ

ܷһЦ
Ҳ׼ݣΪѾ۷壬֮̽ڣȴҪ׽ˣ
ɽپ鲢ḻ׼صϻ֮󣬺Ϻֽһ׼

׼ݣ͸оԱߴȵߣתͷȥͿһֻߵĳվһƬҶӺ̽ͷ
׼ȷ˵ֻӦڿݡ

ܷ΢Щɿǳ񵥴ȴ۾ԼҺԺҲܱС̵ӣɷСѣ㿴Űʲôѽ

û뵽Сſɰ๣ȴ˵˻ԾȾ𣿡




21.   21    ˫Ƶһô

ܷĻ, ̾ˡ
Ӿ൱ҵСӣôССӳĸſʼĸ׵ܷ, ôܲݡ
ԼϵĿȸ, , ôѽ

ԼĲ, Ϊ˱, , ҪҪˡ

ܷȥɡ
˿ֿܷ˿ܷĵ, ҲǺ𣿡

ܷ⵹أǵİְ, ԺҲһ֮ͻɿɰСɡ

ëµСһ죬׼ȥס

˫Ƶû쳣Ӧܷ²ֻԼСһСƨֱ, ֱԼ˫Ƶ޺ģͬʱ˫ƵҲʲôˣܷóԼСطȥ

ǵռΪصĵطȻܷһֻ񵤶׵ޣһ۾ϳһճඥ׵ޣɽǳΪ, 뺣֮ǾǶиرѺãȥΣյиڷǺõòУΪޡ

ܷǰֻඥףؿһ˿ڣڻѪֹ׵ëѾȾɺ졣
Լĺӻ۵׵ʹɢź

СѾܹȥףһߣԾ㡣
ඥſܷܷĿȸ˫һºͣıܽ

˵ţԼĳԼı

ܷ߹ȥ˿ðźؿڣǱħ޸𣿡

ඥ׵ԣԭܰȫĳͻȻһֻħޣİɣﻹ㰲ȫֻҪû˻޴̼ռ磬ֻħ޾ʱٷ񣬵һʱ䣬ڴ򿪣ٳȥˡ

ܷ˵ﻹ㰲ȫ˿ȻħޣǲһֱŷˣҪȥһط
ڱȽҪǰֻඥס

ܷԭͰԴϴ˶ģǿݷڳඥǰдԼĺɰóٴҩҩиģԳඥ˵㿴Щûʲôܹκˣ

ඥ׺⣺Ҫң
ܷȻ
Цֻ񣬡ȻıͳΪ¶ˣҲбء

ඥ۵߳ˮ
ԭѾ׼ԼĺӣԼ󣬾ͳԼڵȻӲΪͽֻҪԼڵСػţҲġ
ԾǷǳԼĺӶһ硣
ղ룬ܸоǰŮûκλ˼Ҳ֪ܲԼĺӣԼĺӳܹΪޣΪ԰չ˱ġ
û뵽޾ȻԸԼ

ඥʮǿңȴҲǣҪúܶϣҲᱻա
˵ľ˫ƵһֱܷԵǿݣǿġ

ܷ˿Цͳ˰ɣΪ˳ԵģԾҳԣһкܶĶء
һء

ඥ׵߳ѪᣬҵĶˣܻġ

ܷæֳ֣ŵԺôС񱦱ͺˣҵһεأ̫ӡ
֨֨ԣ
ߴߴǣã

ܷ˫Ƶųͳඥףǹ飬ϽԼɣҰ㻤ѽ

ȻС軳߳վܷԱߡ
ܷ֧һ磬ǵϢڵ⾪ֻħޡ

ඥѡŵҩǿݣĶܷˣʼԼˡ

ܷóӣС񣬡ϲ𣿡
С˫΢΢һȻϲȴ˵ҲԣˣҰðǰɣϲԡ
ܷ˵ҲѽһԣſģԸġ

ܷСǰһСӣ£˫ƵԼǰʼ˫Ƶӡ
˫Ƶ˹СԱߣСۻƵĽż⡣
Сһӣ¾ȡ⣬ŵ˵ϣ̹Źǿӡ

СȻԼһҲûгԣȫ˫ƵˣټܷҲڸ˫ƵӣСﵹǳ˸ʹ졣
ԼԺ֮󣬾ͲҪСˣСԼԡ
֨֨ЩӲԡ
ߴߴҪȺܶˣߴԡ

С˿ܷ
ܷԼոհǿŸݹȥԣѾԱˡ
Сرߣлл

ʵСѾüûгԶˣ֪ܶ޾Լףٵôߣֻ˼ţӲٶ÷ۣͣԼĽʳĶ

ʱඥѾʼָҲ붨Լˡ
ܷԱߵСԼĸΣգͿʼ˫ƵˣܷǰĲݵ׷֡
˫ƵÿɿˣŵߴߴЦ֨֨ʱҲסļС

˫ƵżΪ·ֲ֪߳ĶĻ棬һŵ˲ߣܷŶЦͣ
ɵӣЦˡ

ܷýĵҩݶûаͣ˫Ƶһôء
Բ߻ˣСʱҪ飬пֵͯ
ϣСܹѡ

ඥʱ䣬ŽԼ˴κãȻûиΣѾûΣˡ
ۣܷڲԶ˯ˣܷﱧ˫ƵԱߵСҲڻ
ඥգգۣǸж

ʱ⣬Ѿˣ˵Ķڸ
ɵһ뵽Ѿ˷ʱ䣬Щģģ첻֪˶ٺö
ҲұԹʲôһ㲻ͷ˼Ҳ¶ΪͺϻЩӵɫϢ͵ˡ

ѾüηҪ޲𹥻ֱ˺طĿռ䣬ܷҵռĺۼ
ϺҲ޷侲
ڻһˣֲ֪ռʲôʱ繥˽ķ˺СѾͷô죿

Լеķҡ

ԱߣɵĵӣʵϾͬ뷨
ԭҲŸɣҲԸ˷ʱ䣬ǣһ˵ߣǾõǿ÷ҿռۼܹ췢ֿռȻӰ쵽ռռΣգǳӦѾΣˣսȥվ

һҲ˵ǵģߣǵĹӰռǹ죬Ƿ˿ռĺۼǿƳ֮ôߣһܹϵǳߣΣգҲ̸Ϲȥ

ҴʵռʲôرΣա
ôãռﶼûκηӦ˵ռܷûˡ

֮࣬˵
һĵˣԭеĴɣģͲŮԸһ֮ѡô˵ķԸŮˡ




22.   22    ̫໣

տѡķҵռĺۼ, Ȼֱƿռ磬뵽ҵܷ
Լĺ˵ֱִ, ռʲôΣգһͦ졣

ҧгݡɸֵ, ֪ԼȰס, Ǿ;, 쵽ҳ, ܹ֤İȫ

ϺҲʮֵܷڵİο, ģ˽, ûбСʦİȫôأ

һ֮󣬴ұΧ, Ƿʲôռ䲨ĵط̴ƿռ䣬뵽Ѱܷ

ӦҲʱһԼĽԼǰһռ, ͻȻܹоԼĽƿʲôϣǸطȷʵûκڵڵġ

ѵ
ӦЩɻҪΧˣȴԼ֮󱻴ҿ
Ǹ쳣ĵطֹ˼ΣÿһεĹ֮ǰҪ
ȻоǶԵģǸطȷʵطǲһġ

Ӧ̷ɵߣ㱻˺ò׶֮, ǱĶԿ˵ߣҷһطʱ򣬿ռ䲨طǲһģҪͬһȥ𣿡

̺Ӧ嵽ղǸط
ֽڿĳȻо쳣

̽Ҳټ˶ط񹥻

⴦ռܷӦһιһռۼʱ򣬾Ѿо쳣
ڹռ磡̶ܷѾָɵĳඥ˵

ඥ׶ʱͻҲ֪طǲǻȫ˹磬ôڿռֻħ޿϶ܵӰ죬

ܷץ˫ƵûطǱȽϰȫģܶ㵽طȥ𣿡
ඥ˵ǽȫĵطҲһС磬Ӧܹһʱ䣡

ǳඥȴûеףֻħ޶ռ̫Ϥˡ
ඥҧסԼĺӣ˦ڱϣȻܷ˵ǧ򲻿ɷɾ裬ֻħ֮ǰй֣˺ңӦܹǳеĲ׽ҵϢ

ඥ뵽Ҫޣ߰ɣֻҪڣעܹ뿪ռ硣

ܷôУҸոտôĺ͵ҩŽȻˣȥֻħսǲ˷ҵҩ𣿡
΢˫룬һ˴򲻹ֻħޣֵĻǲǾܴ
ǻ尡û֮ǰΧϺܶ壡

Ȼ˵ܶޡѾһԼʶħ޾൱ʶķӣȷӻ磬ܸԡ
ȻԸ࣬༸ǧôĲͷʽҲ΢һ£˵ܰħ˺սܹԼӮһѽ

ֿܷʼԼĺɰͶ
ǰӺɰͳĶǳԵģΪǸʱҲûʲôΣգһЩķ˺ԷûóĻᡣ
ʱ뿪ϻڣԼҪҰü̵ģԾͰЩȫˡ

ϻеŮʽرƽʱзģʵҲʮգԴҲϰߣرϲ޹
Щ˫ĳЩܷɰҲкܶķһοȫˡ

Ҳвٵֲħ˵Ҳм

ܷͿʼ壬ЩڰȻڷԱߣһЩֲ
ඥҲһжҶӱʾ㲻ɱֻħޣҲܹɺܴ˺֮ǰѾ˵ϼˣҲûӮĿܣ

ܷóһ鵤ھͲҪҿץʱϿ첹һһһսأǶҪΪ˱СŬѽ
ඥһȷʵûиܷĵҩͳȥȻָֻ֡

Ͳʱ䣬ռĹδ٣֮ǰĹӿֲ񲨶ܷͳඥҲӰ졣
ղúΧ壬һֻħ޹ȻѾ̼ܵǿ񱼹

һֻźħޣʲôܷͿֻŵĿ־Ϣʶֻ
ܷû뵽ֻħ޾ȻлҪԣ˫۳죬ֻ߱ɱͿŵײԶӨӨ

ôôɵ
УԽֱӹǣûаãֱӹҺͳඥ϶
ܷ̽˫ƵԼȻһֻħޣ

ħԭ㣬˲䣬ܵɢ
ħԭѾˣʹܣҪɱඥ׺ܷҲǣƻָԼʹ
в÷Ѿ˼ܵõȻҪȳԼָ֮˾͸Ķˣ

ħ޾ԼܴǸ޴ˣսʱ˶ֻõǵĶ

ĵط߳Խʱоԣࡣ
ͷʱԱ߻һֻɵ˺õǶԼս̫໣

ֻħ޼һ˲䣬ڰķ̹
ܷķһԵģֻܹһΣͻᱨϡ
ܷϣֻħޱ֮˷ķΧǸϣҲá

ħޱ֮󣬵ʼܷͳඥףֲһһ񣬻ôΧ
оղű˿ҲָһЩ
ܵ˵һι϶ǲġ

׼ȥɱһһޣǣ˵ǱôһǧҪֻħ޸ȥѽ

ħһȻǱ߻һ̰ͣ˽Ų߹ȥȻһûмһαˣ
ܷһ˺üħޱ£˸λãֲһ壬˺üΣһҲûм񵽣˺ۣǱ֮ǰأ
׷ŭˣź֪ⶼ㲼µ壡

ܷ˵ûУҲǣ㲻Ҫԩң

ħһ˲ҲЩɣ࣬
ĳܷ𾪣ӱħʴˣױɵ˰ɣ

ħ޳Ƭ̣ȴǹ
ҹûв壿ֻҪǣҵƾȬ𣡡

ܷͳඥ̻ػȻϼ˵ħޣҲѣ
ܷҪþʮֵֻܹħ޵Ĺ
ħ޵Ĺֻǲ壬ҲܹеǹǿķħԼУ˾Ͳ˵ˣħӰ쵽ԼͶĺӣ
䣬ˣ򲻽ֻԼһ˳˵ʹ࣡




23.   23    ʲôʱô̰ˣ

򶷵Ĺ, ܷоԼر죬ΪÿһζҪþȫֵܹħ޵Ĺ, ٴþȫܹħһ˺
ҵΪ̫, ȥԺҪôҵС

ԽԽ, ҧ, ߳亹
˫Ƶʱ, Ȼǵ
, ԣ˵, Գȥ

֨֨۵ʮ࣬˵ѣƴＷһ, 
ǿˣѸٲȻݽߣ϶򲻹ֻħޣ

ܷһ, ̴Ӻɰһ¡
ԴԴϵ˲壬ֻ̫ͣܷҲûʱֻܶԼҪ䱬ʹ
Ĺȴȸո˺ܶ࣬ΪʮֳԵʡ

ֱܹӴ֮ٽķйħޣҪ徭, ǸоǼ̵ھѸٵعιʹܷ
ûʱʹҲûʱЩַֻܹʽѸٽͨڷУٹħޡ

𽥵˼ҲˣֻʣһͷұҪǰֻħޣҵĺӲŲᱻ˺

еһ˲䷢޴⣬۾ҲһƬ˷һ㹥ħޣ
޴ûǰħޣԼҲѾΣյУ

ڴʱͷĿռͻȻѳһ϶ڿǿƷͨ϶Ϯ׼ػħϣ
ħ޾ƷҲעһս

ħ޲ҵĽкһݺڵϣްֱãɫѪֹеԽԽ

һܷǰ̧־ͻӳһܷڵ״̬֪̫࣬Ѿ߻ħıԵ
ָüһ㣬̽ߣܷѹ

ܷǰ˺ڵϳ鴤ֹħޣ֪þˡ
ʱ˿̣ûȥ룬Ϊʲôһ˲䣬ﲢû·;бץĿֻţһֲİȫС
ֻܸоǸͷһֱʧˣһĵһš

ǲҪᵤˣܷʿ
üͷ֪½ᵤܷ˵á
۵ⷭᵤڽߣ㲻Ҫֿ

ܷͷȴЩģ¿̽鵽Լ˫ƵĴڡ

˫Ƶǳ׾ԼϢǿܷ˵ĺӣڻܷֻҪԼܷںһ壬ʹܵǣҲֻǾܷϢ
˫ƵŵĿϢǵܷЩҵԼϵˡ
Ϊܷʱ֪˭˫֮ܷڵ

һܷȥһ߻ʮֲ̣֮ǰǸ˫ѾôˣΪʲôﻹϢô᲻֪ԺӰ𣿡

ܷôӰ죿ЩϢȫ˫Ƶѽ˫ƵȻҶʵ壬Ӱ쵽
˫Ƶ֮ҵΪˣ

Ȼֻܸ߿ֻܹѵ߽ѵĶԣһʱúϢ

΢һ㣬һߡ

ܷ룬֨֨֡
ˣȻҲǺϲǵִɣ֨֨ģҲǰģߴߴһӴ

ߴߴҪӦ֨֨ס
ĸ׵Ϣᷢʲô쳣ߴߴ˵˵ܷǵĴˣ

ͺĶģҲֻпгֵĻᡣ
˶֮󣬾ͿܷﱩĶ˲Զһֻһħ޻ڹӲд

ʱһĽ
ϻڵĺǳ˵ǲ˵֮;ҵƷ׵ĸĵر˽ҲƷ׵ħޣ
ʲô˵ÿ죬˵Ҫħɱˣħ޴ƽ֣Ҳױﱩǵ߻ħ
Ҳ˵˵ð㿴ˣ˭ܹģ˭ȥæ

֮󣬽һ̾
ѽ˭ܹôõ˵

⻰ӦĶȻӦø̶
۾ؿԼȥħ
һ뵽ѩѾֻ˵ֻʣҲݣǱˣûкõĵҩϵ˿ڿɲһܹɢ

ǿŮĵطտʼ˳ĲÿΪ֮󣬴Ҳ𽥵Լ١ʣߣԼͨȫͬ
ѩϵ˺һʱɢΪϻڵĵӣû˾գҪʲôȥ˫أ
ֱǶѭ

һ뵽ѩԺе³Ӧ͸ӾԼܹħ

ûһ͵۵ʱ򣬿Ҳܷ塣

Ϻʱߵܷߣܷüۣ˿Сʦ壬ԺΣգһҪԼһ˳еʲô£ҿô

̧ܷԼͷЩǸΣҿֻϻӣµʱȥ߱Ӱ쵽ס
ȻҪһֱһӵġ

Ϻ֮ǰʲôΣյʱ򣬶ǽΣ߼۵ĵطֻСʦôɵԺɲˡ
ܷͷһҲ̵ʶԼΪжͣΣպп˫ƵûС
ûҵһȫȷϵķǳȫĵط֮ǰʱҪ뿪ϻڣȻΣҲһʬ

ʱ˲ŽĿԱߵĳඥϡ
Ϻ쿴˵ĳඥףԼඥױϵСףû뵽Сʦͳඥײս

Ա˵ඥϲиǳǺϻڵĵӡ
Ǻǳ֮ǰ˭˫޲ע⻳˰ɣ

ܷû뵽Ȼᱻ˲µ࣡
һĵɫ֪ҶûţǽһʶҽʱպˣҸһЩҩȻħ޹ʱűҵġ

ඥһ˲֪ܷ֪һ˫Ƶ£̸˵ұλޣλޱңԺλ˺ӣҶʮٱĻĺӡ

Ҳֻһ㲻ÿҽͣ㻳˱˵ĺӣʲôϵѵΪǻˣΪҵŮͿʲôˣɣ
˵꣬ԶվһĮ顣

ܷ˿
ˣҲûԼܹڿݵ٣ֻҪԼѾУõĽ

ΪֹҲǽˣſһܷߣĿ⼯˵ѾȥħϣȻħޣȻкܶϺֵǮ
ܷԿ˵ߣллңħ޾͸˰ɣҲлл֮ǰҵûǸ˵Ѿħ޸ˣ

һ
ôֻܿħޣȻ˵ֻħ޻󣬵ǶԿ˵ǿɾǺô߿϶ֻħޣʱӦþܷˣ

֪һӣħ޾ʧԭء
ߣ
ʲôʱô̰ˣ




24.   24    ܷȻߵë

̰Ҳֻ̰ܷ򵹵ֻħ, ȻóһЩлЩæѰܷˡ
Ϊúǳ⣬ǰɲģƬ֮ˡ
Щ˳æ, ûеõôͰ¸ܷͷϰɡ
, СѾͷȻǲһİ

, һҲǸ, »ص󲿶ӡ

ඥԭҪ, ǳඥ, ֮ٺħսϼˣҪʱ, ܷҪٸһ۱úҸطòҪġ

ǻص󲿶֮, һֱܷߣܷΣ֮ɵԽԽԶ

ܷǷǳлʱǿ֣ͳඥֻܹħ, Ҳܵˡ
ܷ˵̽ڣΪ޷Լں׽٣пܾͻֱӽ
߶Լо֮ѽ

ţ󲿶ͻȻһȺȺЩڵƤ⣬˵Ƿǳġ
Ƕڿȼߣڵֻܵʳ
ܷһܵ˫ƵЩͦȤ, ֪ӦҲϲ޵ڵʳ԰ɡ

ܷЩ޴÷
պûܹʱһøһЩ𵤵ʱŲ׳⡣

ˮɫ籣ʱʱָܷ
һȺޱȫУܷҲֻޣֻ޵ʬͱ˻ڵȻʮڵǰߣڵ𣿸Դ࣬ܺóŶ

С⻰зӦˡ
֨֨ʮ𾪣ʻܷѧġ
ߴߴΪίһߴߴҪ

ܷﰲǣ֮ǰǾѽ൱ҲǵǾʹһ
СźߺĴӦ

һڵҴģ
ܷͷţֻܸߵʳԣû̫ĹЧеϧ

ȴڵ·ŻģڵԸң֮ǰ˵ˣҪҵأ

ѾԵĲѽʲôʱ˵ҪˣǶǱ˵ҥ
ܷɲ˵ֻεعЦǸӶ˵͸ûˣѽ

һܷ˵ڵҲԼŰɣⶫûá

ôһ˵Щò֣ʳĶһ㶼ϡ棬ûҪܸԿΪаġ
ܷøж߿̫ˣֻпСǵÿȥһʮȫ󲹵ʲôģ

Լպڵֱ֮ıҪȥһûĵرΪл
֪Ůԭ鷢չȥһؾǻѡصǸؾˡ
ȥǸؾĸطкöҲܴ֪
ֻǲ֪᲻ŮĻԵ

ܷǰıں治Զĸš
Ҳ͸˿ߣЦŵ٩СѾͷڶ֮ǰ˰ڻ֪Ͷˡ

б˺һۣе಻ҲǿҾȹֻඥʲôûıء
ȣ֪ˣ
Ǹϸڸֻ֣ඥ֮ǰѾˣҲǱħˣղŻָ˿ɲʲôͨĵҩܹκõģԲඥҩ˭

Ц̾ô࣬һֻޡ
ҲȻˣֲֻඥҪСѾͷһ𱣻һΪСѾͷĸҰ˵ĺأ˭뵽ȻǱ֮
⻰üͷ𣬲˵
֮ɺôᡣ

ЦҲټԼĺߣȻ̲סЦһᱻѸһķɵġ
ܷߣܷıһ˲䰲
ʵܷıϢԣôױ֣Ϊ費ģƽﻹǶصúܺõġ

ܷЩҲʲôء
Ȼֻ˵֮ǰйʱ򣬷һкöҪҪȥ˵ϲء
ܷŽɣкöԼΪʲôѽߵΪ࣬ҲҪЩİ
ЦɲȱöҪȥҲ

ܷŲأҪҪԼңҵĳġ
Ǵһƶ˵ߣҹ϶ϲˡ

˵ţԱˡ
һɫͱˣôĵطǾͷǵ߼

ܷ뷢˷ˣƢأҲЩһ뿪
סܷСѾͷʲôҪȥöء
ܷ˵ҲҪҡ
ʱʲôʱܷ׹𣿶ЦЦԼȥأ

ʱ߹ܷ˵ȥ㿴ʲôö
ܷǿǿȥˣʱʲôöǸ߿ɡ
Ķɲء

֪ȥʱӦһȺҲѰʲô
ܷˣͣ¶

ܷ֪ⶫŮĻԵˣȻŮأĸؾкûԵ

ԸӺõ̫ĺôŮĻԵ͸ˡ
ӦһͿǵһЦЦȻҲ䣬գҲʮ־ޡ
ȻҪԼķ֣ߣҸղſһֻѾɾĺ羫Σټ˴Ұһأҵ֮Ҿͽ׸ߡ

ɫ鲻䣬á
Ӧ˵ߣΪ½ˣҪֲ𣿡
˵ɫܹǳ֣ԸҪӦĶ

Աߵĺܷ˵㣬㻹Ը⣬ڱ˽ȵ˰ɡ
ܷĵԭ㷢ֵҲ϶Ů˼й⻷ġ
СԺ˵ȻˣǾͲҪȥ˰ɣ˼ҵĻԵˡ

Цһ˵ǳ⡣
Ҳ̰ͼЩˣȻҵ֮ҲҪģҲøˡ

ܷҲ׼ߣСʼ
ܷһݣˣҵ̽ˣ
ָһ򣬡ȥǱ߰ɡ

һҡͷһ߸ϣǱѾȥˣûʲôöȥʲô
ʵǷ˺飬졣
ζ̾˿˵ҾͲ˵ˣ᲻

ܷˣţһùۣ
û̫ģڸرá
ܷȻһ಻ͬҲеƫء

ժһܸɾϴֱӳԡ
ҪԣͿĺͿ̽Լݹȥǳ𣿡
ԡ
ǽӹһҧһڣǵ΢΢˳顣

ܷԼҲһţζܺãеζǳɽ
ûжȴҲƵģζãܷһ߳һժ˺ЩԼĴɰء

⻭ȫȻͬеǳεġ
ҲΪڻûгת˼άϾѾҪˣɹɽ٣ǿǳٰһͨ಻أⶼ׬ġ
оǣ˳Զ˫ƵṩӪûΪΪһҪ
֮ԱȽС

ǣͺͿӦǱ߼죬һ˵羫һ˵ôҲ

ܷȴǣ
ۣӺúóԣժ㡣
ѽСߴÿɰŶһСӰɡ
ףʲôƷ׻Уɰﻹкöռ䣬ȫժ

ĵöɳȥüοˡ

ܷһ㶼ԼģЩɶԼ˫Ƶһֵء
ǰϲľϷⲻܲɼҲ̫ˬ˰ɣȻܷŹκκö

ժֲɣȻߵЩԶͻȻһúͨĲݡ
ǶСȴϽժ
һǿŲסˡ
ǲǻһȥ

ܷͷ
΢˫ͷţ羫Ρ

ܷۣ
ݲŮĻԵôСǷˣ

ڴʱӦҲˣߣҸܵˣ
Ȼǵ˲ŷ֣Ǻ羫ѾܷӲˡ

ܷҲЩΣǸҲ֪ôԶ
ԼѾҧһⱾժġ

ȻԶһ
˷׷ü̫ᣬҲûʲôûԸӣǽڰɡ
˿˿ܷĿ
ֻܷһˣôġ

ܷæǲ𣿸ǰɡ
Ҫ䵽ģҲ޷

ӦȴƳٵȻץģҵȻҪҿ㻻
˵꣬һۿ

ܷɲҪӦĶҪ߰ɡ
˵ҪջԼ
ȴһӣѹסܷ֣㲻Ҫлҵľ֮
ֿܷ˿Ӧ塣

ӦúܽȴЦգȻץסģģ㲻Ըһҿ϶ǿġ

ܷץסǿòһΣγһرɰ˲ޣĿɿڴֻ˲ޣһתߣ㡣
ûӣҿӡ

ܷ˲ˣȻǺ±棬˵ûûУѽ
ʵ˫Ƶرء
ǶԲŶǣģԺٸһɰ˲α

ûпֱˡ
˼Ѿ£Ҳ֪羫ܷͣӦûйϵ

Ӧ嵹Ƿǳɴش뿪ˡ
ܷͿûһҲԶˣܷ˵ǲɼˣޡʲôģҪٷˡ
ܷرϲܣԲɼܸȤ

ܷ̾˼ҵ׷
ˣŬɣԺҪأҪһ裡

ԶӦֵˣڷܷվĵطһ˿â˫΢Ȼߵë
ȻɫһܷȻߵë




25.   25    ߵˣ

пߵ, ܷνǹʮġ
ԼɼһЩʺϿĵرҲǸлһֱԼԼ, Ͼ˿֮ûʲôΣա

Ȼ, ȴвٷԷﴫ˳
оעҪϻ, Ըݵѩ

ںһ˫޺, ԼΪָֻһЩ, ʳ֪ζͷ
ֻ۽ǵİ̺, Щ
˫޵΢΢üѩ, ܷ΢˫ĵ׵һȼ, ǸСʦ嵹ɵľɫǺ˫𣿽Щ߶ء

ѩɫ˲Ǹˣôܺ˫ޣĹһҪ, ΪǿЩ鵤ҩĶѣܲ˳ɽٻҪ˵ء

޵ɣǺϻڵĵӣû˫ԼΪ𣿡

ѩô֪ܲʲôЦˣ㡣
ѩм¯˻ȥôܻ˫ޣǸ

ϻڵĵӲ˫ޣͺͽڵĵӲὣһ, ǻЦġ
⻰Ҳ˳ȥҼɻſֻ˽Сۣҵܷǲҵźϻڵĵ˵µʱ߰ܷͷ

Ϊʣ⻰ŶȾȻǰδеĸߣҶѾжϣܷǸϻڵķΪǵҩȥġ

ֹ˼պ󣬼ɵĵ𽥽֮ǰһֱؾ̫ΣյĵطЩطıѾɨһգҪʼΣյĵطȥ

ֻһգұü޹в߻ˡ
ֱֻħİޣ

˶ˡ
ôܣǰޣôؾ
һֻ
λߣһս֮

Ƿ׷׿ͺ
һۡ
˲֣ߣֻ޵Ķ֣ǶΪ޵ʳ
ֻǿͺͲ붯ְЩߡ
Ϊ˻źϻģֻҪܱ֤ϻڵĵûΣգѾԼ
Ǻûаϵ
ؾԭ֮һҪõֻ޵

ǣ˵ҺͿֻޣʣԼ
Ƿ׷л

Ҳǣں˵֮󣬾ſѪȺ˹
ͺ̷ǰݺһסޣȻһһֻˡ

˿һ˼ǰ
Ҳ֮ǰһһ·һ·˵ʲôʱܼǰЩûзֵ©

Ȼȴ벻ûԼ֮Щ˶ԹԾȻô
ϻڵĵӵû˵ʲôлʵܷĹ۸лôҪ˵лģҲϺѹȥˡ
ɵˣϺѹסˡ

ܷԱɽ˵ҲˣûΣյʱ򱣻ֻܷ˰ɣ֪ܲʲôʱͻͻȻΣ֮У
Ǻϻڵĵ𣿺ϻڵĵóľȻ֮ˣǰɫʱ飬㲻𣿡
˰ɣǸ˫޶ķֻǳĺÿʲôã

ܷЩԷɫҲ𽥳
ȷʵһϲƽϵˣҲô˶ԼĿϾǻڱ˵۹⵱С
ԼһˣﻹССЩ

Լ֮⣬ԱߵϺҲǳŭҪְ̧СʦѵЩˣܷȴֹ̧ҵģԼ

ǵ˵ʱֱܷһȥǰ
Ǹոջڽ˵һȻûˣǱڴ߳ŭ
ܷҪʲôγָܷҪҴһ֮ķ

ܷ¶˿ŵľ飬Ҳǳ⣬Ŀŵ˵һҾΧһ㲻Ҫǰ˵Щ⵹ҵĴˣ
ѽѽϡѽͷ˵ˣˣ

û뵽ܷ˵Ȼ̷ѵ˵ûеΪһֱ㣬ΪߵڣΪ˵ôãܹҵô౦
ͣǰܣûֻ㲻ǺϻĹŵӣΪܵЩŴ
һֱʵ˵ȻûǸʵҪܱ˶

ܷ˸ۣҿûôһ·ʲôΣգԼŷȥģҲûаҴְȥ֡
ЩĵرҲûϵǶıҵġ

ɽһվԼɵĵ˵ؾ֮ģѵֻЩϹ򣿡

ǵŲ˵
ⲢҶǷġ
ǵٴһޣ˵ǳ޸ղżȻ˺ݻھͲҪ㵽ɵϺ󰡣

ܷͷʺţߵϺ˵˵ǲɸɵˣȻ֪Ҫңһ߾Ϳʼ˵ЩҵĻͲ߻ʱҸ߸״߰Ǻݺݵسһ٣

ղ˵Ǽ⻰֮󣬶ʱƿԣҲʼ¡
һܷһֻ
ȻҲܷһֱճߣҲ֪Ȼڶܷرģٶ಻죬Ҳ˵ܷ֮ߣǿûкùӳԡ

ܷȻ˵Ҫ״Ļ׼״
ҲҪģҲҪԼΪѽ

ܷͺϻڵĽһ𹥻ǶޣֻǺϻڵĵӷǺֻܴȥʹ˺Щˡ

ܷʱڿġ£˺ܶࡣ
ûпߣȻţҲ棬ɱǿ˲١

ڴʱȻһֻŽޣһһֻХԳ
κʮƣֻǻ߳ëǣһһص㣬˺ÿߣҪ°ȥµġ
Լĵ²ˣɲǺ͵˫ޣǰѵµ¯Լĵ˸ɡ

һ֣Щ޶˺ˣȻҴХԳѡ
ΪߵԶվΪ͵ǰסԼɵĵӡ

ʵ˺ϻ֮⣬ֻнڱȽϵǡ
Ϊϻڵĵһֱϲû֦չɱװصŮӣĶˣڽڣΪڵӦǴţҲʵǸƲ۵ˡ
оǺϻڵܷӦ廹Ҫ֣Ǵ˴ؾ֮еﳤģҲû˱ÿˡ

ʱѾݵѩȻЦ˼˵߶ȥ֮ѩתͷ˫۶񶾿ܷܷﳤģֻХԳ϶ǳģ㲻ôΪ˻ס㣬ֻŽ׵Ϊаɣ
Ա߿ɻôڻѵҪҶΪ𣿡

ܷüͷ΢壬ⳡϤԭΪһؾͲٳ飬ȴû뵽ԭݻǳˡ

ԭУһؾҲһֻХԳХԳϵ˾Ů
ֻХԳȷʵŮˣֻŮˣŮжʱȴû뵽һֱݵߣȻûнͻߴ󲿶ӣֱӰХԳĶ˵ʲôŮʵ˳ۣҪŮ

Ůһ˲˸ףһɵŮȻǷ
ԽǼҵķͻ˿ԽǷħľٶ

ڴʱ˿̣ܷҲɾãе鶼ӦðԭеľС
ʶӦ塣

ӦҲܷϣܷԼĵǣԼǸᱻХԳץߵˡ
ֻǲ֪Լץ֮󣬻᲻Ǹ˻

ӦһƸվȥɫֻХԳ˵㲻Ҫ˺ҵͬǣҸߣ

ڵǰӦ嵲
ʦãôˣ㾹Ȼһǿ϶ҪİΣ
ԣôҲܰ㽻ȥ
ʦôߣȫɱˣǵʬȥ

һ˲佣š
ܷҲǰһԼֻҪŵ߻Ϳˣ

Ȼһ룬ֻХԳȴһϣ·ιƽգҲߣ죬һ˱㻹Ҫÿҵĵ£ֻÿģ

ȻХԳͿܷ
ܷ
ǣ˼ұŮҪÿ
ôܰ
ӦŮ⻷ģ
ϻڵһƺҾˣôܴӦΪһˣ

ܷͻȻȻ
ԭУԭһʱѾˣȻôʮϰᵽҲһĺÿÿȻŮĹ⻪ǹȥ

ʱӦҲС˶Ǿɫݵɫµʤڴ֮ǰ˶˵һˡ
Ҳ֪ܷپʸ崿ִȻִģ
û뵽ХԳȻΪܷҪ
ܷƽɵɵģֻǿһƤҶѣ

ΪХԳһϯںͺϻھǾһ㣬ϻڵĵǰܷ
ХԳ쳤ХǾ͸ҵĶˣǰ˽һܷһ

Ϻ˵ΣСʦҲФģ֪˭ˣߵˣ

ХԳɺܷ֪ʲôߣһֱؾУûгȥ֪пˡ
֪ηǿЦȻǲÿҾͰȫɱˣȻٴ

˵ХԳ̳˹ۼУٶȼسںϻǰкüӻˣȻ󵹷ɳȥ
ܷҲǺ˰벽ֱ۱иһӣѪȾѡ

Լߣϻڵĵӷˡ
ܹվԼѾ㹻ˣΪԼˣ

ܷ̳ȥҲû۵ҪХԳ̧ԼָԼͣ£ٲͣ£Ҿͻҵ

еХԳͻȻһͣȻͣ¶ɺۿܷȮݣһûпɲܻˡ
ܷ˵Źǣߣ

һΪһЩ֮ǰߺҷ׷óԼǳޣȻһͬͲѵ飡
ԣҾͲһϣ˲

ܷͷЩԼͷˣһЦǷİɣӦûûµġ

ڸովһ˲䣬˫ƵѾ뿪壬Ų֪ķȥ
ܷ²˫ƵӦȥҿˡ
Ȼᱩ¶˫ƵĴڣԼԼ˯˿£ڿҪëԳҪõöࡣ






26.   26    ˲ţˡ

ܷХԳߵʱ, ûκεֿ
ХԳڼϣХԳϴζ, ³
Ƕûϴˣ
ϴ㿴˼ҳඥף, Ҳɸɾġ

Ȼڻ, ԼĴɰ﷭ȥ
Ϊϻڵĵ, ˫һ, ɿҪͨöࡣ
ǲó˫, óܱ˵ǿȡ
Ϊ˱Լϻⷽķͦġ

һ, ܷͳһŵҩ
һԪõֳܹ߻ħҼ, Ҫ˫ޣͱҪ֮󣬶Σ
ԴߣڸܵϻŮӼ߻ħͲҪ˫ޡ

ܷ̰ҩԽ, ȻԼоЩطһˡ
ֻҪ΢תܷ֣ʵ岢ûֻԼѡ

ܷͷĶˣֻ޲ðźԼһ߻ħķ˫ްɣ

ԭһ·һЩۼ֪µһۼʱ򣬾̱ХԳƻˣХԳ˲סĲӣ, 

ܷΣаΧܹ϶ԼʲôȲڿԽ֮þͽ׽

һ˲䣬һתþȫǳһĨȻЦ⣬˫գգ

ХԳо·棬еһ
ܷᣬЩ֪ˣҲˣ㲻Ҫ

ХԳëĴָܷգôÿôأֻԭϾÿͨҪһЩ
ХԳǿܷ֫һ˦ˡ

ܷߵθҪ³ˡ
ХԳڽĶǺԶûһǾ͵ˣֻⶴʮּªһִɽһһѿڣ͸Щ΢ĹߣﻹǺܻ

۲ɽľͿХԳ߹۵׵ɺâ֮ǰ
ܷ΢΢һСʵҪʲô

ХԳЦһⲻ֪𣿼ȻѾҵĵˣǿ϶Ҫ˫ޣ
ֶ̧ܷ˸ͣµƣȵһȣڵ״Ǻʺ˫ޣ

ХԳǲͷ˵ʲôôʺ˫ˣ㲻Ǻϻڵĵĺϻڣó˫޵ģ

ܷ۵׵ĲͷԽԽ࣬ڿ϶Ը⾲Լ˵ǻôƭأ
һХԳҪǿԼ

ֻܷĵһθģʵ޷ԼëԳ˫޵ĳ

ղԼʹȻ֮ʱ򣬺еôţܷһתߴӿХԳҲԸ˫ѽҵĲǺʺ㣬Լ
ˣ㣬Żҵ״㣬Ҳ㣬£ʱˣҲǸ𣿡

ХԳ־Գܷò۵֮С

һֱڽûнӴ̫˵ХԳûоǦֱ޷ֿ
ϵ˵飬ԭ㶼Ϊ룿

ܷͷ۵׼бίִƽ飬ǵȻѽ㶼ĵˣΪĵ£Ϊ룬Ӧõ𣿡

ХԳ⻰˵ʮеǰЩôû˵ֻأȻǺϻڵˣ͸˽¹ϵ
ǰЩ»ôΪԼ룬ôҲЩɣȥµİ

ХԳǷǳģסܷţԼܷڣ̸ܵܷʮңƿҪ߻ħ
ջԼܷ˵ȷʵ⣬Ͻ´Ϣ

ܷԾûֹͣԼȻ֮ӵ˵ãᣬǰôûôõˣãʱû򶷣ܾ㣬϶һӡ

ХԳͷЦˣţ֪һҪˣȥժֻҪǸЩҵͻƽϢȻٺ˫ޣڰһϢ

ǿʹð
ܷκˣҪ˫ޣûĿ
һҪסôҵ۷Ľ

ܷͻȻסؿڣʮóʮĹǰϷɤ˲ҪԼľ˵ѽؿںʹҪҲܺ

ӿХԳȴ磬ϧХԳ̹ȥ£Ȼ˵ͲҪվˣºúϢһ¡

ܷºһȻ֮Ųʺƨһ󹥻
ԭϻڵЩͷǳһڣԪӤڵĶܺƭ
ȻǰֻХԳΪܸߣûǰҲûϻڵĵӣξˡ

ܷȴ֪Լϲ˶ãҪ̸Ļ⡣
̽ڷԼֻХԳȥĻ⣬Ǿѽ

⻹Ҫܷʱɵϰ˵ÿ춼Ҫ
һ뵽ԼХԳڿ궼ϧˣХԳ˵ҿԳԵеˡ

ХԳ˵Ȼԣкܶ࣬㿴ûϲġ
Ȼó˺öǳܷϡ
һ˿ɲԼĴɰôϲԼ

ܷͼ⣬Ҳϲ𣿡
ХԳԣһֱϲЩΪҪģҲʱʱԡ
ܷҲѽ
ҵһͬˡ

ȻܷԼĴɰһЩܼԳóҲرϲЩǶ˵ҲӦ̰ͼĿڸ֮ǣͺܺó

ХԳһҲرϲģرóԡ
ܷͷѽҿóĹûҰҵĶɡ

ХԳˣԼҲһŹӸܷһ˵ҵһͳߡ
ܷңȴǱХԳһ
˼Ұ˵ˣеģ˼һҲð

ҲûΪХԳͬİã;ıĿʲô޷ĥХԳһ̬ʵ

ˡԹѡʱֻСҲ˿ڵ
ǺͿӣܹӦϢ
ңһΣͷڿϢǿһ˲䣬̾ͱ֪ˡ
ͷһһʮɫȸһ˲䣬˶ͣͣ㱻ֻ˵
ԭźֻú棬ԼĹûһ޾˿ǰ

ûʰֻ޵壬ߵ˫Ƶ߰£䲻飬˭
ʵѾдˣֻǾԼҲš

С׷ɪһ£˰Ȧ
̶̥С˵ķǳҪΪƽܷ˵̫ǶĻСӶԿû̫Ρ

Ҳ򲻹ֻߴԳˣֻܹæˣֻСڵĵؽ˺һȻ͵һ뿪˿һξ֮תתǣƻͷ˿Ƿ

־ͽֻ޵ʬԼĴ﷨УֻϢرϤĵ
ΪʲôͻȻһŵɢԼϢ

ͣ½Ųǰǿŵ֮ͣԭص˵
ǵȻûʲôģһֱżԭشת

ʵҪȥ

֨֨һֱ̫Ը⿪˵Ȼҿǲϣ֪ԼĴڣΪһֱÿ֪ߴߴ˵Ĵڡ
˵ԼȥͻΣա

ߴߴû֨֨ôסתȦ֮󣬼ûзӦ̿ڵҵ
Ȼ
֨֨

΢˫˼ɡ
ô꣬Լ˫޵ľֻһˡ
ȻǸ˽ֹΪֹûб¶ԼݣԼʱӰ쵽Ҫ߻ħʲôûмסôôá
˲ţԼĺӣڻԼĺڻĽҰ⣿

˶ŭΧּ̧ˮɫ籣̹ס˫Ƶ˫ƵǰΪͻȻıʣ˫ƵСѽһ
ź֪ԭֻСģ

֪Ϊʲôˡ
˯ԼܣôҲȻԼͬһؾһŵ滹СŮޣ

ȻǰɪɪĵÿòѹԼŭƽϢ֮ʵҪȥ
СŮ΢侲һЩȴɥʧ֨֨ߴߴģ˽ʲôҲ˵

Фûа취ֻܰ·ŻصϣȻ˵Ҫȥ

ȸ¹ķߴ󲿶ڵķ
ߴ󲿶֮󣬹Ȼ߶ڵֿޣǰĳȻʮգȴҲûеΣʱЩܹǰ״ġ

ڴʱǿ˫ƵԱߵĺڰйȥһҩ֮ززӡ
һ˦Լĳ籣һգͰѵջԼ

Ž﷨ģһ뵽⵰ԼӣѺӽ﷨Щ̫ǽԼ塣

ԵܹоԼĿȸǺܿģȥҪҸطǱӤץӤ΢ͣһ¡

󣬿̰ЩߴЩޣɾֵʱСֿʼ
òֳһ־СȻ䣬ʮѸٵؽڳޡ

Щ֮󣬲ŷ쳣֮
˲Ϻϣܷأ
Ϻ۵żХԳˡ




27.   27    չǰ

ô᲻֪ХԳʲô, һϲˣӳ°춼ҵ, ҵ˵֮ȴúöԴѵɸʬޡ
ܷǱֻХԳ°ߵȥˣ

ĸˣɫһŭ, ߱ɱ߻ߡ

ָһ, ѾһӸȥ, Ҹ̫, ֻ֪ŷ򡣡
ż, ˷Ƭ̾ͿǸϻڵӡǡ
˳ӡǼѰ, ûþѾоһֻХԳϢ
ӿٶȣʱͳХԳſڡ

ſվһ˲䣬ԶĻЦ
һ, ȭͷѾսˡ
ܺãżĸϹȴڶֻХԳΣ

ХԳſнƵģôסѾΪ½ĿҲгϺΪ, ɱߣȻֻХԳ

һһ߽ХԳĶ

ԹӺˣ𽥸о˿в
ХԳһ˲˦ĹӺ𣬻ͷſڣ죬˭

Ӻڰ߳, ûлشХԳ⣬˴ڸбХԳס
֮󣬾Ȼܷǰ棬ͺڱܷ

ܷ
Ů˵ĵиңʲô飡

ȻЦһҲ㣬ӻø󣬾ô㹦Ѿˣǡ
һЦܷɪɪ

ȻͿ˷ŭĿԼĳ˦ХԳϣХԳʱըУȴ˵ǳ籷ֺ˲ͱ籺ݺһ飬ϳһѪⷭɵ˿ڡ

ХԳҵĺûлͬ飬ҿûиһʹ죬ǳʮޣŽ
ХԳ󣬿ԸڵȡϵĹ⣬̧һѻ𣬾ͰХԳʬ˸ɸɾ

ܷһĻŻˣŵΪΪ̣ܲʵֻХԳ̵ĴڣѾ֪˶ߣ๼
ܷ£ҪΪŭδ
Ȼˣǲ˵˫ƵѾȥҹˣ
˫Ƶ
ǲѾ֪ˣ

ܷɪɪ

һЦֱŵܷݺݵضһ¡
üͷ
üΪܷԼĿ־壬Ϊǿ˫ƵһҲ֣źͷꡣ

Ƭ֮ڿӤﲻͣ˫Ƶڱ˳jpmjdj

ܷ˫Ƶһ˲䵹һ
ôְֵܵĶȥˣ

˫Ƶӿһ˲䣬̱ܷߣҶܷ
ܷһ󾪻ʧ룬Ȼ۵׶˿־塣

ʲô̽ʵΪʲôҪ㣿
ܷ߶˵
üͷ壬ٴ̽ʵһյĺϻڵ㣿
ܷ֣ҡͷ

Ͼòܷ
ȻǸҪԼôԼŮԼն˲ٶ
ȫ綼֪ԼɱǸˣܷӺ͵ӣҲΣյĵطҲȫĵطѡ

ܷĿ־ڿԼܣҲһſȸ
ܷСˣԼĺӲˣ˵ȷʵʲô£

֮ܳ⣬иԡ

ţڴߵ
ֻܷײһ£ȸͳĵ֮
ٴκɿһֻۣü˵һ䣬ǲغá

ɷ׵ܷüͷĿʱ׷ײ²⣬ܷ಻ˡ
ϻڵĵ˵

Ϻߵܷߣ̧Сʦ壬ʲôˣ
ܷʱЩûлЩľګҡͷ˵ûˣһֱʱ䣬ֻХԳ
Ϻ˿û¾ͺá

ȴš 
ХԳޣһֻǳԹӣ㵱ǲʶ
˭ԹӻԵɫף۾֣Ǳ.֮ı鰡

ʱЩܷһϻڵĵӣ֪ѾͶ˫޹ˣ˿ȴƷ

һЩֻҪ
Щ˾Ӧͬʦֵܣǰһܷ˵Ȼˣܹźϻڼʱϵúǳ޺ͬҲǺõġ
ⶼҪ鹦ʦãָһȷķǲ֪ҪƶòƵ

Ӧȴɫ˲ɷף˵Ǹʦ˵ʦ֣ĪҪԣ

ҶΪǲռͣԼʦÿǲӹľֲΪô졣
ֻӦͷ֮ԾɽԼָĴָܹ֮ô죬ǰнǸë˳֮󣬲ܸӦλá

Ӧ岻֪ǣûϻڵҲܹԼŵµӡǣҵܷ
֪ϻڵĵк֣Բ¶ԼӵеĶ

֪ʱؿһۣͬʱҲָöָ

֪ܷԼëСĵ֮ûջͱܷȥġ
󲿷ʱܷëĴɰʱ򣬿ԼǸӦģǸɰܷģɱһĴ﷨˺ܶࡣ
ʱֻܷؽëڻҲǿܷӲ̫ԭ֮һ

ھȻӦϸӦëϢëģǴܷõģʲôԼõë

Ӧ壬֪ΪΣǷкȴһڸ˫޵Ӧ塣

ûгѯ֤ʵ£ֻ˵͵İ޺޶ѾˣؾӦò֮ǰôΣա
Ҳ˵жҲˡ

⻰ﻹǺܸ˵ģʹǿԸӷѰҲƱ
л֮Ҳٴǣ׷ɢ

ӦҲԼɵл뿪ʱȴһͷ˿üֿۣûнԼϣ뿪

Ϻԭܷһߣǿȴ˵¡
ܷĵˮϺҪңߣһ»ģ

Ϻһ£ߣʲô£ؾ˵
ɨϺϺ̵ͷò˳ХԳȴûԶǵСʦİΣ
Ҳ֪СʦôˣƽôСʦСʦӦòʲôɣ

ܷ˵ӣͷһԸֱί

֪û̺ˣ˵Сĸҳ
˫Ƶܷ

ܷرûйı˱ͣһŮûа취ı飬ǲѽҪǿаǱƳǻ˰ɣ
̧ĨĨڵᣬҲˣôҲɣˣ

ɫֳһ֡ 
˫ƵԸԼ׵Ըܷİ˵
ΪʲôԸܷ

һ˵չǰɣסҪˡ

ֱܷԼġ
ʲô˼ôȫ˫޵飿
ôɱң
˵ûвµҾǵ˫޵Ǹˣ
ѵһܹ
أĿԣ

ܷ̽һ䣬ߵ˼ǣҴŮɸոǿŵķ

ܷķ
ܷ˵Ǹǣţչ˺ӵ˼

š
飬Ҫ̽顣
֮Ѿˡ
ô˫޵ˣ϶һ澳֮һ֮һ

ܷӦ嶼ɡ

һ֮ٴμؾԭͶܷ粽Ŀһֱܷߡ

湻֮󣬻صܷߣ˵ܷ֮ǰȻΣա
۸ܷˣХԳ

дӶ񣬡ôǸȥˣȻǺϻڵĵӶ˫޿ĺܿǺǸ˫Ҳܶİɣ

ܷҧгݱ⣬ûк˫ޣ
ܷǳĽֻͣڳ

㶺ңǿХԳôͣ˫޵˼㳤ĳһ㣬ͣҲôÿô̵ס

ܷ΢΢ףлл佱Ŷ
Ȼóһŵҩ֮̽󣬽Ϳ

ִ̧ţȻ򣬡ֲãһȷʵҪ߻ħӡֻҪϸһܲ쳣
ܷһΪ˭һϸ𣿡

˵Ҫ߻ħˣҲһɣ

ܷΪ˺ϻڵȻ֮ѽ

üԣһǺϻڵȻ֮ô

ܷҪźʹȻָ֮ſ˵ʹܰ߶ԻˣҾ

ܷſȻЩȴǵʩչȻ֮
漴˫飬һ૵߲Ҫɱҡ

΢Уͫ΢һʱ֮侹ûӦ

Աߵĺۣû뵽ܷʩչʱ򣬾Ȼܹ˹ǡ
ƽʱɵܷȻԼصù
Ҳܷ˵ЩǿŵҩûʲôӵХԳҲġ
ܷ˴Ĵָ

ܷԼȻ̱֮㣬ղȫͬҲ΢΢졣
ȻųúÿʹȻ֮ҲᷴԼء

֮󣬺ղʲôûоתһطǱһȪ
Ҳ˵ҸղŴֻ޻·ϾͿˣȷʵܲܽȪڳҲһ۵ı

ûһ͵ǴȪΪ˴Ƚأ߻ûз֡
ͺܷ˵ȪǱǶܷ˵ЩȪˮǱܷռ㹻Ȫˮ֮ȥȪľС

̧ܷסԼĶӣС
̧
һ±Ƶĺ˭
ǲû

ܷͷǿӾɣСӲǶϲˮ𣿡
ֿһȪ涪˼ԭѾȪ֮ǰҲºֻͣһΪˣȪ֮УҲܹΪ
Щܷ˵ųɡ

ǣ˵˭

Ƭ̣ܷͻȻֿȭͷСĿȸȻں𾪵ĿУǿſȸСŽȪȸȪﻶعɢʮɫĹâҫۡ






28.   28    Լĺӣ㲻Ӧ

ȸ27 
֪Լ뿪û, Ϊʲô֮綼ˣ
ԼĺѲкˣװźӵĵǴܷƮġ
쿴, ʮ𾪣, ôʱ, ͱҰѺӶˣ

ܷ仰֮, еͷ, ΢Щᶨķ, 㲻Ҫ˵
Լֲܷһ, 㲻Ҫߵ

ƿڵȻܹȷĺҵģʱ֪ǵλ

˲Ȼ, ǵǸǿ˫޵ˣ

ͷ
ҡͷβǾͲСѾͷˣСѾͷеǿѹ˫ް

һִۣսС˵ϲǿڹ, ĺӵףӲҲͦϲ𣿻ꡣ
㵹ҪעһЩŵ꣬ˣɾͷˡ

ݵĵ˵ʱΪ˵ôѣ˵, ൱ڼǲ֪ǿ԰һ˸ɵġ

ͷѾ˵ˣƽҪʳԼʳܷ

ܷȪϣһ߿Ȫˮֹ˫Ƶһ߸ԼմԽʱ򣬳ӯ˺ܶ࣬ɼ˫ƵǺܶµģûаɡ

˫Ƶ֮صܷȴ
ȻָܷռȪˮܷռòˣǾ׼Ȫġ

˫Ƶڿر𲻰֡
رߴߴϢ񲨶š
Ҳ軳
⻰Ȼû˵Աߵ֨֨סͣȻڻûлΣû͡

Сֻʱ䲻ǺܹܳɢϢֻܹ¸ܵСֻ֪СֻԸԼߵġ

̧ҪȪģȪһһˡ

ܷ˿ȥͿӦȪ档
ֻܷͷ˿Ůʹ֮ԵѽǱҪպһġ

ӦԭҪԼͬһȥһģ֪ΪΣһ˲䣬͸оԼӦǱԼͬŷֿˡ
û뵽֮Ȼߡ
˿ĵϡ

ʼΪǿսƷϸһǿŵݵĵǲһģ
ԭһֻȸ֮ǰһϻڵĵ˫ˣΪɱϻڵӣɽ˺ܾá
Ǹ˲˫ޣ˿ĺӣ

ӦľȻǳƣȴԼ֪ࡣ

֮⣬ڳһˣҲܵӦϲͬѰϢ
ƫͷԿ˵ΪʲôϢ˫޵Ǹ𣿡
ڴ֮ǰΪʲôϰûУ

Ҳǿһֱɻԭ

Ҵʱͺˣͬʱһ˿ǳȴɺԵ.
ĪôӦðĳ˽Ƶɽϼӿʵ뷨أ
ɫ䣬ȴ˵ɣҲС

ָоǵһС
ʼҪúʱһǿҵҪȥһؾҪ̽ͻȻĨ.ʧˡ
оǣܾԼ߻ҪȥѰӦ塣ÿһסԼ.𽥾ͼˡ
žХԳſڣԼ˼ǳңʶΪӦСֻס

Ӧĳֹɽ̿ʣѾˡ

֪Աߵĺ꣬Ȼʼָͷɴۿſ˵עӦһԵİ
仰˿һۡ
쳣棬һһֵģţ֮ԵѾȽǳˣ֮ǰӦһκԵ

ĸţԵշǳΣܷ̲סЦҲȪˮ𣿡
Ӧ˳Ļͷ˵ʱȴǶſ˵ģֻǲ֪ðˣȻҵһȪģұ㲻ˮˡ

ͷȻˣȥȪˡ

ܷͷſѪӣﻹǳŮĴɣ
Ȼ߲һֱͣĿȸϡ
ܷԼ˼άЩ̫ʽˡ

֮ǰһֱžǼȻԼⱾﶼһˣԼ˼룬ôӦҲж˼˰
ĴѾɿĺΪ˫Ƶȵûе
оǣ֮ǰХԳʱ򣬰е趨ХԳһȺˣֱӰȺﳤÿǸԭŮˣȴ
󣬾ǿŮΪŮĺÿ
ŮҪÿ

ܷ
ķչЩɿأҵĺֱɾԭһ
־ңÿԼŮĴɻ˵ŮⱾľͻˡ

ܷͷȪϿȪģ׼ԼαװһĢ
߻ǲܿ

磬ֻȷѡ
ѾˣôŮһУǲҲϣ
ҲҪҹڳƵɽҵ
ǡҲûôֲ
ܹĸԼṩٸʲôģտԣҲûԭŮôʹࡣ

Ůʱǳʹ࣬ΪɣԸⱻɺȻҲԸⱻĳ
ܷһԽ֮ǰǸլŮԲţլڼ￴С˵ڰ

ڣΪһߣĳԷҲʡֻҪ΢һǲҲǲܹ

ܷϡŹֵĿ£üͷԽԽ
Ϊʲôûеһʱ仳ɣԼ˫޵ܷΪܷ̫ɵˡ

ǱߺڽȪ˳һȪʵ̱ȪգͨȪˮ
ͷʿܷˣʲôǻûʲôҪĶ

˵ȥҵϣһɡ
ˣڰڿĿȸҲԣǾˡ
΢˫˿Ȼζû֮ǰյȷʵ

ܷĸεˮΪ裬ԲûгԱɣûϵԺǸͳ԰ְ֡
ȻͻȻһ뷨ɿ

л˵
ܷǳɻ󣬡ҾǺܺ棬ĸСжҪģǲ÷𣿡


õõģҾÿ϶Ҫģ

ʱѾԶԭػû뿪Ӧ˵ʲôȴܹо֮ոǢ
Ӧ崹Լĺɰ񵽵Ŀȸë

֮һ·ϣһֱԸܷ˫ƵӽܷһҵҪӡ
˫ƵصܷڣӿģǿǸϲأ

˫ƵҲ֪Ȼȴ֪ܷ裬Ա֮ǰڵжӽһЩ֮ǰָܷһЩĵرλڡ

ԭΪؾʣµʱ䶼ƽĶȹȵʱ䣬Ҿͻһ߳ؾصԵɡ
ͻȻһգؾܷǰһط졣

һѽܷץԼߣüĳ
̧ͷա
澳Ѿܲѿ˼϶ѷ֮޾գ˲뵽ǵյУ˵ֱӱ˺Ƭ

ܷһĻ־֮ǰֻХԳҪ˾ÿֲ
ߵˣΪʲôͻȻôΣգ
̧ͷգ˭õؼĴߣؾҲ֮

Цһ˵ǲһ˿Ҳַ

ܷЩͻȻԼС˵һ¼ؾ¼¼УŮ֮󣬱ˣĹУûбץסӵһطõ˸õؾ
ֻǱҲǴǸؾķһ
ؾŮ˳ӳ˺ܶˣ˺ͬʱҲõؾ˵ĸҲһΣпʼͱ仯

ԣӦ뿪һؾеĻԵҲ١

ܷһ뵽ЩΣʱ̣͵ؽ
ʱ˶뿪ǸؾһЩѵٶ̫ˣؾ˺
ĺܶ࣬ԴҲöԼ
Ͼһ仰߸ûע⵽

ʱܷԼУſʼңŮ֮ˣǲǶķգ

ſ˵ǿȥҴңһҪӳ˰

ΪǵԼİΣ˵㲻õģڣ϶ܱ㰲ȫ

ܷ˵Ϻǰϻôأ
ϻ˼ʮߣҼȻһˣҪһȥǣȻ˭Ҳܰ

ɫ΢
߰ɣҴȥǡ

ܷſһ˲֮͵˺ϻڵĵط
ںϻڵ˶ûԶûһʹһѰҳڡ

Ϻ˵ԭĳΪؾѾرˣѰµĳڡ

ܷתͷѰңŽڰɣǡ˶࣬Ҳ󣬼ʶ㣬϶ܹҵڡ
Ϻ΢üͷȻܷɲڡ

ܷôվ죬ܸܲϺŮ˭пܣŮһҵڵġ
˵źϻ˶ãԼΧ˽ֻŵɫĻš
Щ£Լ᲻ҲϾԼҲܲˣڶûеڡ

һ룬ܷߵߣ͵͵˫Ƶ

΢˫ۣʲô˼
ܷ˵ǸҪȫһЩּһ䣬Լĺӣ㲻ӦԼ𣿡




29.   29    ôˣ

˫ƵСֻʵôҪ뿪ܷ, ǸϲܷĶ
ܷóʱǵС̾Ͱ
Ȼûг, ȴǳ£֪ڵǳ, ܸ, ȻǳΣա

Ҳǿһôɰ˫Ƶ, ǰǷǳϲԼġ
ȻԼѪ, ûжԼͷϲ, һֱܷкԼһ𣬿Ҳ˵жĸ顣
ڹԹɵ, ϲһЩ

˫ƵŽԼӤҪ´ָ̽˫Ƶ§ﱧס, Ǳ׽˫ƵһЩ

Щ̧ͿܷҪ뿪

ܷﴫϢ򣬶Ϻ˵ʱҵ˳ڣҲ֪ͨңΣ, ҲҪ֪ͨңһҪһȥ
һСúܽüͷ壬˵ƶˡ
ҵŮŮⱾĽָɲҲ

ϺЦСʦ壬ǵһγȻټ, СʦҲõģҿ϶ûµġ
Ҳܷ˵ѽСʦ壬Ƕо飬İɣǸӦСһЩõϢ֪ͨȽϺá

ܷǸ֪ⱾֻŮԼŮйϵˣܾ԰ȫǶûڻңȻҪԼŬԼȻͿܳΪһ֣ȻʲôҲûˡ

Ҳûк˵̫࣬ЩҶԲҪֻ֪ҪԼŮһ֪ڡ
תҪߵ˲䣬סˣ׼Լȥҳڣ

ܷһ˫һѽϻڻأ
óϻڵͺλߣҵ˳ڣ֪ͨ𣿡

Ծɲܷһף㴩ȥʲô飬֪ͨҡ
ܷҲҲҪİ

Ǹ֮󣬾ͺʹҷֿˣʷٶУѰŮλá

һ·ϣӸһϻڵһ䣺ҵ˳ڣһ֪ͨ

ܷʵҲȷŮλãԭУһؾ֮ͬǵؾ̾ͱסˣǺһƽþ˳뿪
Ȼ֪黹˶٣ܷҲΣյĵطȥ

ȻؾصĵĵطҲ񷶥ѷ棬Ůһطͣת
þˣǺǸؾΣղһ
þӦôˣԭУþ󱣳ѣᶨΪԼڻþȻ۲ġ
Լͽȥ۰ɣ

ܷһ͵һ˻þ֮С
̸оԼˮû͵ĺˮĴ壬Ӿò沨
òʶ̧סڱǣþҲ̫ˣˣ֪ǺףҾ͡ԣǻþ
ܷſ֣С˿ǣȻˮҲпˡ
ߣҲҪ

ǻþ׼Źһ˲䣬ܷĿ־帡ֳ
ԼԽ֮ǰľĿվԼǰŭĩӰ࣡
ܷͣһ˲漴ŭ𣬡ӶԽˣʲô࣡ҹѾǺϻڵˣ

ͼŤһ˲䣬ܷǰһҳ棬ϸҳ棡
ֶϸˣҶûҪһʮ֡һ֡һһ֣Ҿֻһǧ֣㻹ҶϸŲҸĵӣ

ΪʲôҵֻĻô߰

ֻĻҲɢȥųֵܷĸĸ磬ˮܷô뿪ˣɣ죬
ܷͷһᣬһȥˣǵıսû˰
̾˿ôˣЩܶôʵôΪλҡԺĲ᰾ҹˣǶԲ˾ˣزȥˣǰ˺öౣգҰʱˣôҲǺüأźúõϣͲõǰȥûлϱգ첻ϽԼĴá

˵̾˿᲻ͣҲǸ¹⣬ҲҪԼԺҪӣǴȥĸɢ˰ɣҵ⳥𣬺úð꣬ҲŮܹǵһТ
䣬þҲɢˡ

ܷĺͷЩʹĲȥԼıָǸĸĸһʾ޿ʵѾһýˡ
̾˿ҵ̫ˣںƽͥȻ㲻̫ãûʲôرµĶ

ܷʱˣԭǸڻþǻҪѡ
ֻǼᶨΪԼڻþܷǣҲڻþһһأȻҺ˶ǻˣ飬ҺȶˣҲһ鹹磻þ͸ǻþˣǻþѣ۾ˣ

ԽѣþӰԽСȻŮӰ
ܷ߹ȥ׼ŮȴŮԹɫԹڻɼʺͲʣΪʲôΪʲôôͬΪʲôΪ㣬ߣܷ

ܷ΢΢һ૿ڣûб䣬ʵһֱġ
ΪʲôʲôôܸԼؾΪԼŮÿտصˡ

Ӧȥܷ¶˵飬˵ҾҪߣΪҵȹ֮Ϊĵʯ
㲻Ӧ˶ħˣŹȻҾͣȻҾɱ㣡

ܷ˵ɱңѽ㿴ܲ¡
Ӧὣܷ˹ȥ

ܷû뵽ӦڻþоȻô
㲻ŮĹ⻷أ

̲ΪȫӦĹ
ܷ
ΪпĻףʹӦΪߺܶ࣬ʱҲȫڿɱҲû˿ڣ˵˿ڲֻǻһӡ
ǣǺʹ
ʲôʱܹˣ

Ѫ͸һһߺʹǰһӣ̶˹ȥ
ܷӦ岻ͬǣеĻþûôܹ࣬ܶþ뷨

նӺ棬ӦĽʹ˹ɼ飬ڵϡ
ܷܣȴҲܵ˲ͬþȫӰӦоȴܵ
ǣܷŬЩþ뷨ԭеֱþԽԽʼԺӦ壬ǻþѰ
ۣʹҪˣѰ

ڣþӰѾСӦһѹ
еĽܷȥܷѾʼܣҲȫ㿪Ľ
ңܷѾв˿ڡ

Ӧֻԥһ˲䣬̽ǿָȻһ죬һԲʯ顣
þʧ

ܷ̫͵ˤڵϡ
ʹһӦˣ˿ˣǿȥɣҪˣ

Ӧ忴ΧһľҲ˲ԼղΪʲôҪܷʹɱ֣߹ȥ֣ȴڿһ٣ƿ
ϣԼ˿ڡ

ܷûע⵽ӦĲȻסӦ֣վʱԼʩ޸Ӻɰҩ˺üţֹסϵ˺Ѫ
Ӧ˵ǸϽҳڣؾĳ

ӦĴҲ֪
ܷ˵͸һ£ƾֱ

Ӧü壬ôƾֱ㲻Ҫ𣿡
ܷ޷ֻͣ˵˶ҳڣĿǰûյκϢҲûҵڳֱô죿ΪҸߣֱ϶Ҳ

Ӧ˼ΣȻûİ취ֻһѰڡ
ѡһ򣬴ܷһ뿪

һ·ϣؾ϶ЩҵϢҲɱؾ׷Ѱ
ĸ߰ЩϢڣΪ

ӦҪԼԼȥʳΧɷ

ܷ˵׶ˡ
ΪһԽʱҵˣʮϰ߲Ǹٹ̵ģֲǺˣܹܷ͸ǲôտеˡ
տеܷ˵ոסСϵ⡣öࡢ촩ÿɵʱֻڼɶոġ

һ·Ҳ͸ӦɵʱһЩ֪еóһ߳һ߷ɡ
Ӧ˻ͷüۡ

ܷڳԼҲ䲹Ҫ𣿡
Ӧһۣ˼ҳڡ

ȻܷѡǶԵģӦûãҵ˳ڡ
һ˺ѵĿռ䣬ռ֮ȴգ硣

ܷóԼ򣬶Ӧ˵ҸǷλ

˵ҵˣҿ
λϢ˲ʧ

ýˣܿˣ·ܷʱõ˺ϻڵҲɽ򣬴ʱûһͽϢȫ˳ȥ

ӦʦֵҲˣѷü϶̫Сˣ빥㹻ĿռԳȥ
䣬˶ʼѷ졣
ܷҲŴһ𹥻о岻̫ˣ

ʱҲˣһ۾Ϳܷ·ϵѪۡ
˲Ƶܷߣһס֣ŭôˣ

ܷһָ̰ǸѾһЩѷ˵æѷŪһЩǾܳȥˣ

ʱؾѾʮΣգֲѾڹߣҲž޴ɱ֮뿪
еķŭȫйǸѷϣһ˦ȥѷ˲䱻һ˳ȥѿڡ

ȻŭĲܷ·ϵѪգ۵׹ŷŭ⣬֪֪ѾˣٲϢǿͻƽڣͻʧܣȲ׽پͻᱬ




30.   30    һֱǰ

ܷĲ֪ԼѾ, Ͼղôûʱ;ȥԼ״δϰԼѾǸʿ, ʱ

һ˵̸ܷܵ쳣, Լ尲, Ҳ, ٰæ, Ǹѷ˺һЩ, ڸóȥ

һۣȥٸˡ
⻰˵ҧг, һδôǿҵܷЩˡ

ǺͺһǸѷ죬Ȼܷͳؾ
ܷվؾ, ؾﲻͣĳǶԿ˵ϻڵЩôһûأ
̫ԶˣҪһЩʱ䣬·ԽԽգ󡣡

⻰˵ܷ, ѵһαڻҵĴǺϻڵĵ
ܲˡ
ںϻʱȻر𣬵Ҳںϻڸܵ˽ǵమҶﻹϲϺܽܺϻڵĵӱڻҡ

ܾȾ𣿡ܷ۵ǰ峺ˮסһ۾˾

΢΢˫ʱȻԼʹȻ֮
һγ, ҲΪ˻ϻڣԾܷԼҲϻЩӡ

š˵ſ»صؾУ˲ʧܷǰ
ܷһߵǿؾһ߳ʱֲ̧һ²Ǳǡ
߶лҲԣֻкϻڵǵİΣ

һӺ󣬿ͺڴźϻڵĵӳܷ
ֻܷѹŵʯͷȥҲ˺ܶ࣬ſ˫֣ҪӭӱȳЩá

ϻڵȷʵһڵĵӣ֮ǰʵ̫ԶˣʹյܷڸϹ;УҲؾֺԼٷޡޡ

ԭΪԼҪɥؾ֪߾Ȼˣ
ȻóܵӣʵǿǱǱס

ǿؾڵܷﶼѾ˶ϾӦܷģΪҲһˣһ䣬˵ĵҲû
ɲ˵һ硣
·ϿඥĸŮʱ򣬿Ҳ˳ֽϻڵһ

ؾͣҲһ϶ӳ
ԭѾŲ˶ãǿͺӲ磬סһƬСС磬ûûгȥҲܹһŶӵȵȥĻᡣ

ܷһһİѺϻڵĵǽӳϺվЩ󣬽һһͳȥ

ܷඥףĸŮҲźϻڵĵһ˳
ܷϲǣ̫ˣҲˣ

Ϻźϻڵ߳ؾʱ򣬿ͺ˳ǵĽ硣
һ˲ؾױ
˲Ƶؾ֮⡣

ڴʱһҵĽ𣬡ң
ܷϻڵԱʶͷ
ԽԽСĳڷ϶￴ȥؾѩӰ

˶üͷ
ܷͬüɵѩһ˲䣬ѩ۵׵ľ
־ֱܷ꣬ͷƤ鵽˽ŵס

֪ûԸ⶯֣ҵﶼĮġ
ѩ֮ǰؾЩ飬һֱֻӰж±ĻԵ
ԴҶӡǳãѩؾ֮صϻڣҲûл·ġ

ܷȴͬЩˡϲ߲һ
ǰ磬ǶǾηϧġ
ǲϧԼҲϧ˵

Զǣٵʱȫ˷֧Ԯĳ
ʱرСְ־Ѫˣųĸһȥ˵־ԸߣҲ迴ĵʱӡ
ڼѾ󣬸д͸ˡ

ûа취ؿԼǰšʧ
ûü˼ѩ֮ǰʲôʶ֡
ȻгһΪ˻Ұ׼ġ

˲ֱѩѩǰͣ¡
ѩʶסȻһ֮£ؾըһ˲䣬ȳؾĳڡ

һ˲ܷ־ԼĿڵͣ
ʶסؿڣԱ߿ƵסıԼҴܵ

ܷǰѩ˶̱ȥ
ڵϣŻ˺۵Լɫɷ׵ܷŻһѪ

ΪˣԲѪ
ֻû뵽Լ˾Ȼܷ
ٽʵѾϣˡ

ѩľӰǾ޴ģ߸ǰе֪

ߵܷҲڿİ£ס
ſЩھΣҲǹҪģʶôˣҵʱҲûע⡭

һֿۣԱߵѩһۣû˵
ܷ˵ȻҾܵĴصϻ֮һҲ١

ϺǰһѩûСʦԵ±ԹڡǰôСʦģ
ѩͷȻɳƣӽСʦҵľˣҸҲǡ

ֱܷʾãҲΪ㱨ž㡣
ֻΪ˶ԵԼĶѣֻϣԺҹλУԽеڡ

ˣһ˵Ƕס
뿪֮ǰ׷׹ܷȭл
ܷһֱ㣬ǻҪлǣֵģѷߴ򿪵ġ

һ˵ȴǳڵλڣڱˣѷҲˣǲ֪Ҳ޼¡
룬ԼؾõһЩ͸ܷл

ܷʵ̫ҪԼҲû̫顣
ʱסܷĺ󲱾죬ܷԼ˵ٲغϻڶɽ٣ͱڣֱ׼°ɡ

ܷ̻ס˿䣬߾ѽллߣ
䣬ܷʧԭأҲûзӦ
˻浱Ҳˣ
ȻҲʧˡ

ܷſûþͻص˺ϻʱŵһӻؾûл
̷Ըϻŵĵ׼ɽٵĵطܷڡ

ϻһֿ׽ٵĴǰ͸ġ
Ȼ׽ΪˣɱӣϻжɽٵˣǱסġ
ԺϻڵĵֻҪ⣬Ŷɽ١

Ը֮󣬽ܷ˶ɽٴȻֱӰ˦ģԱ˺ü

һֱԼܷһ
ղѾһ˲Ȼǣ

ֻܷоһǿըѿҪſ
һ˲Ҫ״̬ģ
ڴʱһȣת

ܷʶﱩǵ˳ž̫࣬ľŴ
ʹʧҷ

̼תһ졢졭ÿһζǹžݵһιľ
ʹ֮⣬ܷҲܹоԼڷ仯ġ;ǰǿˣҲһһ龭壬Ȼڵһ

ϻڵע塣
ڵϵǼҲԴԴϵعܷ

ĵ͵ըѿٽһڵﴦһɢˮɫӡ

Ѿͣͷһľ֮⣬Ҳۼһ޴ĺơ
еÿһ׵˸˿ֲ

׽ٵһ£ɽٴ¡
׽ٵڶ£ȵһθ֣Ծɱɽٴ¡
ΡĴΣܷûбӰ졣

ΣԱߵĿ΢üͷɽٴĽ磬˲䱻׽ѡ
һ˲׽ٴ£ûи󷨷Ӧʱ䣬κһζҪҿ졣

ȻҪܷʱ򣬿֪ʱܷߣֵ̧һƴ׽١

ײըľ޴øոոϻغϻڵĵ˷׷ײ룬϶ܷڶɽ١
ȻΪǺܸߣСʦɽѣҲܰһ׽٣
ԣܹؾȫСʦأ

һ˾Ϻȥ˶ɽٴ󣬾ѩҲ

ǵ˶ɽٴ󣬾Ϳڰܷ׽١
Ϻ˿ڣͲǳˡ

˻û뿪һֱܷ˳ɽ١

ܷԼڶɽٺڣʵû̫ĲʸС
۾һ׽ڿϣ֪Լܹ˳ĽڣΪ

ʵûС˵дôֲ
Լһֱͦġ

ΪʲôС˵ĿŮķأ
ΪŮʼݵˣ֮һֱǳ֮󣬸ǽ޵˹֮ŮͿ棬ÿһζţìܺͳͻ
ԭһֻĿȸֻ˳ëŮԽǷԽ̬

ԭеŮѡúõ˵Ϊ񶾵Ǹ

ܷϴһЩԼְԼĨ˸ڡ
׽ٸսܷɹ׽ڡ
ûüԿ˵һл̳ӽտʼҶҴţҲȥ

ܷ
ŮϵϷô䵽ˣ

ܷСʿʲôѽ

Цһ㻹˼ңԼЩʲô£ѵˣ
˵ҧгݣ֮ǰѾչ˶ʮ꣬ҿóֻһ׽٣㣬´ٽԪӤʱ׼ֱ

ܷȷʵЩԽ֮ûкúõ
ʼһֱڻҰֻϤ˷޸
ȻߵŮһԼݣһ߻Ҫ͵͵С¡
ˣһζɽٲŻԵʹࡢ

ѵˣԱߵûһҲֵġ
˵ܷһҪⱲӵĻ˵꣬ŶܷھȥҶԺûҵȥ
һһ׽𵤹ÿﲻҵҪ󣬵յͶȥι

ܷȫûڵĿ֣յ˵ͷ֪ˣһŬ

̴˶ûԱЩϻڵĵ˵

صܷͱһһ׽涨ÿãҿÿ춼Ҫ顣
ſֽڶõ˫Ƶóݸܷ֮࣬ĺҲչˡ

ܷӹ˫Ƶ͵͵ۣȷȷʵ֪˫ƵԼġ
ǿ̫ˣ㲻õҵСˡ
Ժ˫Ƶɩʵȴ˫Ƶĺ衣

ܷ˫ƵϧȻǷŽԼ
ǰĿڳ
̧ܷͷʱ򣬿ʧ

ܷ΢ͷܾЩֵֹģȴ֪֡

ɻţˡ
ΧܷתȦ´һ˫ĵ˫΢΢һ䣬Цû׽٣ȷʵܶѽ˵Ҫôлߴˣⲻ𣿡

ܷʶŸ߹ȴֻͨһȻҡͷ˵ѽɿЦġ

ȻܲˣȻûзЩ£ܷҲ׼ˣʵʵ˫Ƶɩ
˼ҴӾͺúôķλɲɡ
ܷ˸ľʵҲûôļᶨ

Ҳ͵٩ôһ䣬ȻָŶ˵Ǻϻڲˣؾֻܳඥףأ㲻ȥ

ܷ˿һۣŲſڲ䣬ر˵˵ҲţҾſڿ
һЦҲŰ飬ǿСѾͷ۵ģСѾͷﻵˣô죿
ܷͷ

һӣ󿪣ֻſһ磬˽˳ȥ

ܿҺʹ˵˵Ҳͦõġ
ܷҲϸǲǶȫˡ

ſڣϻڵĽǵĺ
ϲСʦ׽ڣʦֶ׼ĺ񡣡
Сʦ棬Ҳ׼ˣϲԵ
Сʦ棬ؾеõıϲСʦ׽ڣ

׽ڻյ𣿡ܷЦúܲá

ǽȻ˽ȴͽġ
ܷǵĶ̰ԼɰЩԼòϵĶҲ˳ѾǽڣЩ˵Ʒ̫ˣŻͬš

ʼҲԸգ˵ҲĶҲѴҸ͵ﻹȥ˲ܷ

ͬһ֮󣬴󲿷˶뿪ˣϺóԼĳඥ׶ܷ˵Сʦ廹ǵֻඥ𣿡
ܷϲؿĸŮôҲϻѽ

ඥ״ԼСҪĶȴһ˲͵ر
ܷ̻ͷһߡ

һ룬һ󲨶뷽вͬ
ܷ̳ųඥ֣ѽѾ򿪽ˣ

ඥ״Сһδ磬һεû
ȥ֮Ϻܷͳඥװڰ֣գգ۾ҾˣСʦ塣

˶֮ܷʹųඥ׻Լ䣬ڷѣѣҲȥطһЩɲ֦ʲôģѡ

ඥȴܷ˵סﵹνιΪ˱ľ֮˳㡭
ܷʹɫඥףչĺӡ




31.   31    ҽб

ܷ˿ͬʱ, Ҳʮ־ϲ̫лˣһֱҲܷ, ôء
ඥóָָԼظ·Ȼߵĺ, ڵﻹûл, ûܹ, ÿսǷë, ǻΡ

ܷȻ, Ȼ磬ҲҪȻɰ, ֻܹܷ

˫ƵԼóȻ˫ƵҪڳඥ׵Ķ, ֪˫Ƶ˳ľ͹һȥܷ׷Ҳ㲻
Ȼ˭ܹ˫Ƶġ

ܷඥףඥ׿ڵķ
ܷɴۣɷ⴫ȥ, ˵ĴҪЦˣ
СֲֻæԼһֱڶҲܽ
ܷķ

ʱںͺһؾеõıЩΪָܹ˫֮ǰ
һ˲䣬ͻȻñһ񺮣žܷβ, ϵֲԾˡ

ߣܷ˫Ƶſڣ̧ţߣпҪ˵ǷǳҪ飡

һֲõԤУ׼ֵĺ˳ȥܷ˽

Ժһ˫ۿԱߵĳඥף΢΢ȮݣСѾͷȥҿʲôʵңһڳ㡣

ඥȻһЩеľ£ȴǳȣǳˣҿ²øǳ˽
һ£һתƻ⣬СѾͷڶˣǰء

СѾͷͿʲôԼأǺˡ

ܷЩ֮ԼѺϳȥˣȻЩ϶Цϸꡣ

ǿЩſܷҷ
ߴûþͲ˵ˣŮСҲǴСܷȻҽ

ܷ˫ƵǰһǲȻô죿ǵֻҵĻû취úûΣҲûëԷѽ

Լôãڤڤ֮ע˲뿪Ϊ˽ɡ
ܷǸпⶼ˵İţͲҪֿˡ

ҧгݣЩĿ´δ˸飡

֪ܷȻ˵Ҳ֪СֻԸԸأղųඥҪǣǾ͹÷ɿˣץץ

һۡ
Լĺӣܸඥһ

ҪģԼ˭æأûа취ֻܱԭ͡
һ㿴ʲô飬ȴҲܹһۿǳġ

綦ӣԭһֻ׿ȸëתӳճ߲ʹâ
βܳȻȫ£һ𣬲ûпȴҲ㹻ޡ

ܷ붯һûǸӣֻܰ˫Ƶӵһ
Ȼ˫ƵͷǳӵĹ˳
ȻҲǺܴԼԼ

ܷСӲǾ͸ǽ
֪ˣһӣ˫Ƶֹ棬޷

˫Ƶǿбһʱ
ʱ䵽֮󣬿ջûΣ˫ƵȻһڿշܷ
ܷί˫Ƶ׵ҲΪǽ׳ɳѽһҪ컯ΣȻƵǣƿǳ

˫Ƶȥ˻Žÿ춼Ҫڿﱻһʱʵ
һֱעܷ˫ƵһĻһߣǻȥɣ
ûƺԻͦ

ܷ򿪿ķţ̳ҪͿڷʲôͿ˫ƵɫϣССѾͷѽǹʲôأ
ܷ˵ʱⰡСֻܲһֱҴŰɣҪ׵׽׽

ܷǳϵıס˿ӡ
һĳһСë򣬡һë棬ǾβëɵëԺ˭۸ˣ

ëͽܷģ̺˫Ƶһ

֮㿴˫ƵԺëûһඥ׵СҲԺ˫Ƶһ

һܰͣȻںԶ֮İڣΪڵ³һѪԶԱʮֵ״һλ˵Ϸħ

λϷǳ⣬ôܣǰħսѾħ糹׸룬ѵħ絽ڣ

üͷ壬ⲢҲħ֮һԣ㲻еԵɣֻ֪Ϸħǲס

ϸų˼Ƭ˵ϷнںͺϻڣһЩССɣȥϵϻڣѯǷħڴ򿪣շַڣҲʲôӰ졣

ڵͷȴ־鲢ô򵥡
ôҲ㲻ֻóȥϵɣ̽һ

ֻħĹޣʮȴǴ֮ԡ
Ҫˡ

ϻڴʱδﶼϺ
Ϻӵ˰ڵϢ֮ĵȥ̽飬Ȼ߰ڵĳϣϻڸû̽鵽κħͨͨ

ǳϲδ˵ʲôл֮ȥ
ϺϢȥ֮ȴüͷͷԼĶһʱ֪ôźá
֪ӦýǺֱɱˣ͵͵ߡ

Ϻߵ˿Լڵǿ򶨻صԼĶ
ĶһС磬˶Ϣһǳ˲õķ
ǰûгκ⣬ΪʲôȻй¶СǸϵħ

ϺָһΣ˾ͳ˽
С粢ȻϺѾԼСʳסжˣǸСƲϲ
ǽǣܵϺĳ֣ȴû̧ͷϺ

ϺǳһĨЦ⣬ȴſɬ𣿡

Сֻ߰ģСǽССһֻȴɢںͯϢۣȴͳ޲ʲô𣿡

Ϻֻ⻰һѱ̽Ŀڣָգĵ׵Թŭ£ٴǣǿسһĨЦ⣬ôû㿴ȴǰ΢Щ

Ǻͯȴ˺ѷεĺʲôãһֻԶùˣÿοҵʱ򣬻ֻ񣡡

ô죿ϺҲܱǰħսѾħ֮֮ͨȫرգҺħ޵ĺӣҲߣΪʲôͲΪʲôƫƫҪ

С˫죬Ϻ˻ƣɱѽ

Ϻ⻰˫ֲѾ̽鵽ħҲ֪Ϊʲô֪ϵħ

СѪᣬɱҰͲһֱңӰ쵽㣬Ӱ쵽ɡϻڿΪһȫΪС

ϺȴͻȻһڵϣزţôɱ㣿Ұǰû֣ôɱ㣿
װ

ԭΪԼһֱ͵͵Լĺӣֱһգħͨٴ֮ʹźȥħ磬ѰҺӵĸףúħҲԡ
ħս֮ħѾհ꣬궼ûеȵᡣ
ĺӣֻ֮һ߰꺢ͯģ
֪ܻá

ƽȻֽΣȴһֱһž޴ʯͷѹš

ã̧ͷŽĺ˵ҴӰɣΣǶܺ˺ϻڡ
ƫͷ㡣

뿪Ȼ˵߾ߵģϺкܶҪɡ
ҪܹȵȻ뿪
Ҫ׼·һУЩ͹æһˡ

ϺóԼضĸĵرĶܷ

ܷһֱڿ棬ÿǴӣȻҲʱ棬ûֻӵ磬ʲôأҲ˫Ƶ
˫ƵˣҪأԼ⣬ȴҪװϲ

ϺԼܷǷǳĵġ
óඥװ˫Ƶߵķ䣬ල߷ԼվԺͷſķ亰һ߿ţϺ

򿪣ܷϺ֣ܻԼ䡣

ķһֱŲߣʱ
ˣųඥ׵棬Ҳģ¶ֻܷܿ

Ҳżǵ٩Կ˵Цˣ˵õҪĶ裬ˣ㻹ðæţǰǸԼ˸ŵĻ

ƿź
ЦˣΪЦҲʮģûСѾͷ֮ǰɲô仯أǶëԼ㵱ŮɸҴ˲ӣ㿴ڶﲻԸˣΪҲûô°

һӣ˲Ϣ֮ͺϹ˰УʹվȥԱߵ˫Ƶ档

ڿ˫ƵڷҲ棬Ժ
ǼһԺ˫Ƶβë

˫ƵһҲ治ʲô̫ĻСҲ̫СˣƲˣû漸˫ƵЩζ
һβ֮󣬾ȥܷ
ɱ˶棬á

ܷڴͣ﷽ѽǹſڣ̳ȥԺС۵̱ڵϣٶ
ܷһԺ˵ߣܱԭΣСֻ𣿡

ɴ˫죬ú㾹ȻұԲΣ򣿡

ܷһߣ

ͷæȥɣҹ
ܷš

˫ƵعԺͿԼһںƨϣȻͱһֻꡣ

Ҹ˵̫ˣ
䣬һžβë̲˫Ƶ˵ССѾͷҪǺ壬ɲǧ֮ڰûϷ

֮ǰǳִԭκСֻˣĺԺСֻë




32.   32    Ҫϸ׵Ĺԡ

ܷڰźСֻ, ŹţϺߣЦŵֻ, Ϊ¿Ķ, ʱ䱻, ˡ

Ϻ߶ΪСʦΪ, ָܹ, Ƕء

ܷڸв֪, ̾˿ǺŶ, 㶼֪ÿҾ;ľƣһʹ
ָоֻǰʱ, Ҫ˰ײ
ͺܰ˰ײˣ֮۵󺹣ϢȾͲ˵ˣڶ쾭ʹͺҲʣ

ϺЩ̫, ֮ǻ泩𣿡

ܷ°ֱͣȽʰɡ

ǰ֮ܲ˵Ϊ˶ҲڶͰܷ˶ÿ경ۣǻҲҪըˣøվվס

䣬ϺɫЩ仯, һֹģ
ܷӣһ룬֪Լ϶ֻĵģ𣿡

ϺЩݣһ뵽ŵĺӣȭͷЩ󣬶ܷ˵Сʦ廻Щ
ԼĶȫͳһЩϻڵӱȽϳõĵҩͷԼһЩصĵرҲȽʺܷڵΪ

ܷһϺ֪ӦʲôˣϺԸ˵Ҳʣÿ˶Լܣٸ׶Ա˿Ǻܲصġ
Ȼ˿һλãȻǺܴȴܹһЩġ

ϺͿܷԼĴɰͳ߰ı
ȻвƷʷǳõġ

Ϻ֮ԻܷһΪ֪˶һռĶ϶ԼΪ׶λõģΪһ׶׼
ֻܷ֮ǰؾﵱŮʱ򣬾ͺһֻСֻҪǸȤĶ߲ܣȫյԼĺɰ

ôҲû뵽ܷʰĶҪö࣬ȷʵкܶණԺϻڵĵ˵û̫õģϺȴȽҪЩ
滹кܶණرʺ

ϺԼıֵѡֵܷӦͷ
ܷѡЩ˲²⡣
ϺĴ󲿷ֱͷǵ׼һҰʱѼġ

û˵ֻˬغϺ˱õɩҲٳȥҰˣЩʱԼûʲôá

Ϻ֮ܷͥԺץ˫Ƶ˵ϷʱѾӴҲӦˣ
ȻδĺЦòá

̱Σһ뵽ոԼöʼͷˣ޹⣬뿪˿Ķ

ܷѵݸϹ

һץ˫ƵصԼ䣬ܷȹӸȥ
߽䣬ԶϣѾұ˰׿ȸĸһһϣȸ¡

ܷĵԼɰӰʯͺһĻ¼ſɥֿʱҶ

ܷÿĹ̬ǲԵģôܹСôĹأڴѽְִ֪ǵʱ̬ôҲӰģ

Ϊ˱ǵĽܷڰ׿ȸԱߣ߶ģʽߣǲеѽҪǰķǳˣŻὡġ
ǵĸף̶ܴȻӰ쵽ǵĳɳѵ㲻ϲ𣿡

Ƴܷһۣ죬ҿɲǵǰĻôࡣ
Ȼ΢˫ܷǰɲ̬ǰ˵
ʲô㿪ʼˣҡ

һ֡ϽΪʲôڲңϸĵµƨӣܷ͹ˡ

ȻڿǰƮˡ
ȻȷʵѾѿԼϴ˺ܶ࣬Ҳǿѽֻ˳ëİɡ
ԭŮÿζ淴ſôͷܷ͹ؾصذ˫ַϥϣҴˣԺҲָˡ

һǱȽ⣬֪µ˫ƵˣʹĶӡ
ҧгݡ
ĺԼѪƫƫÿζҪܷ
ԱѾܷϣĿĺڡ

ֱܷ˫ƵԼ䣬Ȼ磬˫ƵʼÿĸŮճ
˫Ƶĵǣ˫ƵĲ˲䣬Ȼֿܷĵض˫Ƶ˵Ȼÿʱ򶼳ǿǧҪŶ˵ĺ˻ĵһֻĹأȥˣߵŻҪҪˣ
Ҫѽһϸ׵ĹԱ

˫Ƶ֪ڽԱҿ˵
֨֨һҪҺߴߴԼ󣬾һҲûϵ
ߴߴȴֹɣе˵ģ첻ߴߴڣߴߴйԹԵ

֨֨ߴߴһС˰Ͳܷ𣿡
ߴߴŴŴίίǵҲ࣬Ĺ񶼲ءֻйԹԵܹձСޣܸһֱһˡ

֨֨ҲŲҪİæһ㶼ϲǣԲŲˣ
ߴߴ˵ϲǵģ֨֨С˰ʵϲҵġ

ܷǰ֮֨֨ͱһʶм䵱󻬼ҲǺģ

ܷﻹ²ۣ֨֨ԸͿһģһأô

˫Ƶʱ֮óඥ״˫Ƶȥ棬ȻܷԼһڷ˼ϺԼʲôԵɡ

ΪʲôҪôķѵҲҪӣ
˵һֻԼᣬϺֻǵûһЩ

ûлڱչأҲûһµˣǳˡ

ߵϺȷʵԼҪ£ܷﻻһЩķ֮ȥͬǸطȻԼûЩϢͨͬӵܴݸˡ
ܷҲ֪ϺͬŻ˺ܶĶŻȻϺԼﻻ˺ܶҪķֻΪԼ͵ķȽ϶ѡ

ϺеĶ֮һڵС硣

Ѿ֮ǰûĶеʯһЩȫװ

ϺĺӣߵߺһСĴΪ׼ƷһЩȵ֮Ǿ뿪ϻڡ

Сɫһ˲ĻȻ漴ִƽʱŵͷ̣Ը뿪ϻڣ㲻ϲţһӶԸ뿪𣿡

Ϻ۵һ˿һСͷȴָ΢һ˲ͣ˶ƣǼںϻڣǶҡ㣬ǶԺϻڣΣյѡ񡣡

ͰһӳȥС˵
ϺôܣȻ㡢Ȼĵ⣬ҴҰĴڹڣվҵĺӡ
СǰʹҺħµĺӣϴħԾҵĺӡ

Сҧҳ׳Ϊһħͷ˻£϶ڵľĲߣɱ𣿵ұħޣڵģ
Ϻ˵Ҿɱ㡣

Сͷҧأ뱩¶һϺ˵Ȼȥ

˺ϻڵӣ·ָֻ˴ǰƽ
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ڳվҪͷǽȥ

ϻڵ˵ȥؾˣδλԵһ£̱Ϻʦ塣

ǰڵĳȴ֪ͨǵŹ£ֻҪ򿪺ϻڵķƾͿɡ

ǵüֲɵģô͸˴򿪺ϻڵķƣһµġ
ǼҪȱϺõϺָ֮پǷŷơ

ɰںͽڵ˷׷ײӦλ̷ڵϮ
кϻڵĵӣʱ˿̶ܹյϢ

ܷڿĶҲ֪ŷĽźš
еźš

ʱڷ˫ƵӴźŵһ˲䣬ָ̻ûΣ˫Ƶܷüͷ΢ŵķ

ܷҲŵķʶץסֱۣԿ˵ˣɲټң
̽⿪Ķƣҡ

ܷ˫ƵԼڣſŵķȥ

ŵʱѾвٺϻڵӵ
ϻڵŮЩңڡڵ˶š

ںͽڲ˿ϻŮҵģ׷ױӶ񣬡ʽ߻ħħȻ£ħ϶Ǻϻڴġ
ԣԼû߻ħħץȥЩ¯Ҳпǵĥսħ

ϺǵĻʱɫɷס
ɫĲЩ˶Ժϻڵӵ裬ᵽħ
Ϻû뵽Щ˻ô죬ǵǲȷ
ҵֻ˵ϷܳħΪʲôǾѾ˺ϻڣ

ΣʶϺ
ܹúϻΪԼվĶ档

ǼڵӵĻü֮䶼ŭ
ǻδںϻڷֹ֮߳һŮӣǱϳϻڣΪ½𵤶Ҫסѩ

ѩϵ˰ڣҲò¶ӨӨ磬ǳŰڼڵˣ˵⻰ҪЦˣѵֻкϻڵĵӲŻ߻ħǰԡ̽û߻ħģǽħĵӻ𣿴Ҷˣ˭˭߹ˣ˫޾Ǻϻڵʽǽʲô𣿡





33.   33    ħ˫Ƶ

ѩĳ, úϻ˶ǳ⣬Ϊѩϳϻ֮ӦѾԶ˺ϻڡ
˭Ҳ벻ʱ֡

Ȼ, ˣźϻڵ˳ܡ
ϸһ, ʵƽѩɻʮְ, ֻһֱͲǺϲСʦѡ

ܷߵϺ, Ű˵Ļ, Ҳʮַŭ

ʵС˵ʱ, ԺϻڵĹ۸ҲǺܺá
Ϊ߶ԺϻڵĲдͽһд˷ɼӪ, ϻڵӶظֻ֪ߡ
ԼΪ˺ϻһԱ֮󣬲ŷֶںϻڵĵ˵, ˫޾ֻ;ͷʽѣʽûʲôͬûʲôزظ˵
Լ֮Ҳȡ˫޵ķʽȥΪϻڵĵӡ

ѩĻܷʮͬ, Ϊѩơ

ȻںͽڵȴΪ
ɾúϻڵʽϲ̨ġ

ʱͻȻһŮվָŽĳλ˵ûĵģҴʱô˵ģڵ¶һĵӣҸ㣬ӽԺٸ˫ޣҾú
Ǹɫһ䣬߷鱻, żϻڵŮӾȻֶģͦϲŮӵģΪأ

һλŮҲվָһ˵Ҳǣͬʲô㣿˸ҵ˫޵ʱ˶ΪԼû𣿡

кüŮվŭڡĳЩӣЩ˷׷׺ͷЩŮӶӡ

ܷҲڣѽҪǺϻڵʽϲ̨棬Ǿѻһ
ӿܷͻȻǵĴʦܷҲйһ¶ˮԵġ
֮¶ˮԵǵ˫ޣΪǶ֪ʦܷ͹

һʱڵ˶߷ߵԱߵİڡ
磬ж˺ͺϻûǣûħ˳ϻ̸Уʲô˫޲˫ޣⲻǽһȫˮˣ

ϺҲ΢΢ףǸҪϻڵĳ˵ɰҲ޻ˣǰſҪ˫ء

ǳһ͵ˣʱǵͨ졣
ܷЩֱӡ
ҶıԼΣΪʲôƫҪһͷӵò
һ뵽ͷӵϺʦֶ˫ޣܷ;һθ

˵ϣɵĵҲ˫˵¡
ڵǰһϺȭǽǰҪһϻǷħ͵͵Ǳ룬ҲȥˣǺϻں쳣Ի뿪

ȻϺȴûлӦ˵Ҫ飬Ҳõ֮ٲ飬ڣҲڱչأ˺ϻڵ

ǰڵԸϺˣ֪ħζʲôǱħޣʱʱܻΪв

ŽڶӦս֣ǰһԽںͰڵĳ˵ϣϻڣǲԸǽȥ̽Ϊ̫ߣȻϻҲǿ˫һʱ֮˶ΪһϻڣоҲпԭ
ŵŮӽϻ̽顣
ֿ˿ϺϺ˾ΣŮӽϻ̽ħޣܷ˰ɣ

ȷʵв߻ǿȺϻڵŮ˫ޣǲ߲ܣ˴Ҫϻ̽ħޣҲǾµġ
ϻڵŮҲΪϺӦԭ
ǾӦ鵹ǿԽܡ

˿ϺϺɫɷǳѿ
̸о鲢ô򵥡

ܷҲоϺƽյĲͬϻڣͬĳҲڣҲֻıߵģǰһվϺǰ
Ȼܷ˫һָͷſ˹ʾһЩųӡ

ϻв˿ƣ׷תͷ
ԭվ󷽣ʱǰͻȻóһСֱֱͨܷ󣬶ָܷͷڲͣĹ

ɫЩѿȴ̧ߵܷ

ܷܵϢԼԽԽǷЩ
ɵ˿Ҳǰ֪Ҫϻڳ

ܷʱſڶ˵֪ǷǳħǷǱ룬ǺϻҲԼĹأҲҪٱϺҲϻڵ
ܷΪϻڵӱߵˣǣؾأ˭Ҳϻڡ

óԼĿ˵ħޣҲ֪绹ĸħܹùߡ

⻰һںͰڵҲ֪η
ȷʵϻħޣڵܹ֪ħ߾Ͳܸ֪
޷֪ħֻҪںϻһգϻǱħޣħ޿Ҳκζ
ħǱϻڡ
ôܣ
ħǱ磬˵ϻڣɿܶΪ˸صĴۡ

һվٴν֡
Ӧ忴ֿܷ˿ܷĿ΢΢üͷܷ˵Ǻϻڲǽȥ̽飬ôȫÿɿܶһЩˣϻڲΧסԱ簲ȫ

ܷϺ
Ϻ˵ٸǴ𸴡

ϺתȥܷԼϻڵҲһȥ

ϻڽ֮⣬ںͽʮֲ⣬Ҳֻǽȥ̽һǷħ޵ĺۼΪλ˽䱸ѵʲôè壿
ΪڣϺȷʵɣʱΪ£ǻܵġ

ȻǲǽȥǾͰ˵ټɵĵΧסϻڣϻħޣҲӳǵ޵

ǽںͰڷ׷֪ͨɣȻǲ϶ϻһħǱ룬ڻϣܹضԴ¡
*
ϻá
ϻнϵӶۼڴˡ

һλ˵Ϻʦ㣬뽣ڡַû𣿡
ʵǽ̽һӦҲûɣܲĶǺϻڵĵʲô

ܷۣ˼ɡ
߲һĵطⱾС˵ҿʹԽˣݶ˵¡
ҽŮҲ˽ڵĶԭвûᵽ¡

ǵŮؾȥ֮󣬻صžͱŮ۸ˣ֮Űһ
һŰ֮꣬Ůߡ
ڼ䣬Ůû뿪ڡ

Ҳ˵ڵľԭƫġ

ܷս˫֣ǻ޹İ
һ̵ĸܵԼĳ֣˵жӰ졣

ԭкϻȻһֱûʲô˸ϻڵӳΪ֮⣬ϻûκΣġ
ΪʲôںϻڻᱻںͰ˶Դ
ϻڵԭвͬĵط

ܷĵһͬĵطԼĳ֡

ʱ˿̣ͻȻһǳֲͷ
Ǹ˵ħ޺ħ᲻˫Ƶйأ

ȻҲ֮ĳ֣ԼһֱкϻڵĹֻͿһ˫޹Ϊֹûκ߻ħҪħļ

ڵǿ֮Щ߻ħʱ
֮ǰһֱ޷Ҳǿûϳԭ
ȻںͱѾڡ

˫ƵԼͿĺӣǻ᲻ҲմȾǹ

ܷԼʶ̽˫Ƶڣһϸĸ֪˫ƵϢ
ǰδžԼ˺ܶࡣ

Ȼ˫ƵһϢڣһڿһԼ֨֨ߴߴɳУɵԼϢһɡ
ܷˣϣ˶̱ء
˫Ƶﻹдŵ߻ħʱҵ

ûаԼô߻ħ˾ǿԼ֮Լû߻ħ
ħľ˫Ƶ

ܷ֪ԼɫҰף߳亹̲ס
ħԴ˫Ƶ
ܷһܺ˺ϻڵĽǣӦ뿪ϻڡ

ԭӦδ£˵˼̧֮ͷȥֻϺܷɫʮѿҲ

һ̲ס˵Ϻʦ㣬Сʦ壬Ӧδ£

Ϻ˵Ǳǽϻ̽顣
Ȼվ׼뿪

ܷҲվϾ͵ߣ

˲֪ΪϺܷɫôѿͺǺϻħޡ
뷨ôҲ̽
Ϻʦ㣬ħޣҲҪǣǲӦԴ£

Ϻͷ˵İɣϻûħޣҲ¡

ڴʱõĴűƿ˷׷׿ȥȻ۵¶ϲɡ
ˣ
̫ʱˣ
ǱںͰڵ۸ˣ

ʱſڳֵŮ޾ü֮Ƿϡ
ܷЩˡ
Ȼԭһֱ߳󣬵ʵʱ䲢࣬ܷҲûпȥʲôӡ
ԴʱһԼʮҵŮӳſڣŴҺʱЩɵۡ

治Ǻϻڰ
Ծ˵ѽ߼ȻһֱòΪʲôЩҪԼŪһͷ̫ŵӣ
һֱĶѽ

ĿܷϣһᣬγһĨЦ⣬ôɵˣʦˣ㲻𣿡

ܷ̳ò֮£¶Ц⣬ҵȻҿˣʦ𣡡

һԼ˫Ƶ˺лܵĻ˲

ܷһۣӣǷʲô£Ҵڵ飬֮㡣

Ϻˡ

֮Ϻɫһֱѿ
֮ǰûµڣԴŵܵӣأҪôأ

һ·ȥĶֻһԽԽ𽥾
һֱǰҲʮֹģΪԼȴҪ㾳ء

Ϻ̤Ķ£̹ǰһжϺĴϺһ·Ϻ߰ɣֻҪˣžͲκΣա

ɫδ䣬ͺѾµԭίǰһϺϺֱȻҺϻڵĵӣ£ҲҺϻڵ顣ΪʲôҪţϣܹ˳ʱܹиɽ𣿡
ᣬ벻뿪ȸңʲô¡




34.   34    ħҵĺ

ϺĬ˺ܾ, Ŷ˵ҪӰǰħս˵𡣡

ǸʱҲħսǲǳħ֮һħͬҲ, ʱ˫ޣܹͨת, κĴʹ, ҾĶǸħ˫ˡ

˫޽, Ǳֵ, ֮, ħսħ֮ͨȫ, Ӵκν

˵˴ϥϵֽץסȹڣôҲ벻ԼȻỳ, ˵ǲܵ顣

סϺ֣˵һ£ϻڵĵ˫ǲỳеģǶԷһЩ;ѪҲûп, ֻ֮٣ӿڵڡҲ

Ϻû˭˵ѾҪˡ
΢΢ҡͷ˭ܹ뵽˵ôҪľѪԸһߵڣ֮Ҳ֪£һˣһ֮һ, ĸס

ʵһǳҪ⣬һֱںϻ𣿡
Ϻͷ۵ΣҲ֪ôȥ֮ǰһһ編ԼĶﴴһС磬һֱǸûκ˷֡

δκ©ҲΪһֱǸֱĳһħͨٴδ򿪣һȥĸףʺħ

ǰЩӣڳͻȻѯʺϻǷħǱ룬룬ӦħСй¶ˡ

˽ԭί
룬һΪҪ⣬ǸΣħһѪɱ𣿡

Ϻ۵һ˿ң״ΣҲȷ
ʵģҴСͽϻڶҺҪϣҪΪԼͼǺˡӲǺܺãܱ֮꣬ǰһֱɱ˵Ϊ
ӦǺҵģô󣬾һֱҹţȻҲûɳΪҲǳԸǱꡣ

˵Ϻ߰ɣӰɣҲΪӰ쵽ϻڡû취ʹɱ֣ϺҺͺһ·һϻԶԶģһաһգ߸ɱˣұȥ

̧Ϻ
Ҽǵ磬ûаϻ£ȥţΪ츳ãΪͣȴֳüΪòܾ裬űʦ˺ϻڡ

Ϻͷ
߳ˮʱҾ㰲ȥǺϻȻɵûʲô󣬿ǲԼҪĶԴߵÿһã㻹ǵ⻰𣿡

ϺͷͻȻ£ȴһĨЦ⣬ǵãҺϲϻڡʦ𣬰̫࣬߳˵ĺڰӵڵҸϣΪҸϻڴ˴Σ

ҡͷڻǵǾ仰ھͺúںϻڴţǺϻڵӶ׽ã£Ǿ͸һ𿸣ϻڵİŲɢˡ

˵һ仰Ҷúõһ룬Ծɽĺ󱳽ϻڣʹźãôҶһ룬ǶϲѪ
㻹Ǿ뿪͸ҪȥΪϻڵҲΪһܹ֤֮İΣ

ȻȥԼĶϺ
Ϻ뿪ıӰȻ¡

ٴλصãûϺ飬ѯ˴ĹΡ
ˣܷأ

һ˵Сʦ˵ȻضӦû
ŴԼȥæԼ飬ָϺһϢԼȥˣܷþ֮󣬵ܷԼ

ܷԼʰ
֮ǰ˲ٶϺϺЩ඼õģʺ
ӳϻ֮󣬵һ¾ҪȥһЩ·ϳõķ͵ҩ

ֻڿѾ֪˫ƵĺӣԼ˫Ƶܣͻŭʱսһ׷ɱԼԼӵ
ܱú

ЩйſϣҵӦô찡

˵⻰һ󲨶һƿ̧߽ȥʶһ˿ίʦ𡭡

̧ͷߣȷźϺ˵ʱҪһЩȴҲʮǣ˵ɣʲôʦ֮ǰȥûҸճּһֱɥһǴˣ

ܷЩ£ǿ۵׵飬־ƸоĸıԾЩҾǴˡ

ϲԣĵ׻Щģαչصʱɶ̵ĺأû뵽һأȻв
ôЩ꣬Щ»ǲµģʮֵȻܷ˵˵ɣҿ㴳Ļܲҡ

˵һľͳһյ裬һϴһ˹ĲܷĻ

ܷȻҲûиղˣԼĻȷʵ¡
ԼҲЩʶҿ˿Ŷ˵ҵһγȥʱһˣȻ˫ޣһСʹôһֶΣǸ˱Ӱ쵽߻ħǻ˫ˣֻһ㶫ҵ

üʾ˵ҵҪʲô

ܷ˵˸Ӹҡ



Ĳʧֳ̧סǣ૵¹ҲӦڵ˰һҡ

ܷ
ôͳѧˣ

ܷʵеҲС£ϾҲеҵӡ


ܷӣ˫˫̥
һ˻֣˵

ܷڽ죬ںͺϻͻȻΧסǣ˵ϻħǱ룬ħͨѾر˰꣬綼ûǱħޣƫƫҴӻصϻ֮󣬰ڵ֪ħλ

⻰Ϥ
˼˵ӾħԴ

ܷͷӦǵģΪʱ˫޵Ǹߣһ߻ħǹڵʱһֱûڣԼǹˣǵȴڡ


ܷԣһһ˫Ƶ

ԭڿϻ֮չصģǰ̾ͲµˣͿ˫޵Ǹ㣬ĵǿģ

ܷͷ
ϸ侲·ûʲôܺǿ֪𣿡

ܷ˵֪ͱģ֪Ǹҡ

ò̫ԾʣΪΣ
ܷңûְڵҵҵϢͺۼ֮ǰһĨҲڸ

ֱ˲ţһŵữΣѾܹԼϢˣ

ܷŵԼܷһ˫Ƶͳġ

ʮɫ˫Ƶǰ΢⡣
ִڵϣ̽ԼҪоϢ

һֱǵĶԻʱҲ֪Ҫ֤ʵܷ˵Ļ˱ŵϢ
ʲôûܵͺһ

ܷ֮ǰĻδ˵꣬ʱ˵ԼĲ²⣬ûյǹڵѾ߻ħħˣħӦþ˫Ƶͷųġ

ܷЩѹ˫ƵһǴ߰ɣںϻڣϻַΣպ˺

һã˫ܷһۣôˣ
ϻڶ˵סǴ˻£ֻ뿪ϻһ·ѡǲǾڸߺϻӣԺɲܴ£ϻֻὫ˸ϳϻڣ

ܷͻȻ;ñЩᣬһֱ豣ĸоһϮͷҺ£ΪҺúϻˣҲ

˵ÿ¡
ܷҡͷ֪˫޵ңһῳҡ

Ҳ뵽Լ֮ǰȷʵʮַŭҲҪҵǸ˫޵ˡ
ʱ˵ҵˣҲԽϻڴֻǿδӦ
ʱ̸ãΪԭ򲻵òչرչأǰ˵£ϻڵȷʵӦܵͷǻϣҪ̫б

Ҳ벻ܷҲ£ССͽܡ

ڻһ⡣
ڷֵħǷڣĴڣǴܷĺģϺģ

Щͷֶۣ˫ɵ˵СĲҪٲԼҺú̽һ
ȻСĲϢܹ֮оŵһϢͽǫܵһ

ȷʵһϢЩ֣Ҫ˵ħȴֺ񲻾Ȼǡ

˼֮ǸһħϺĺӣܷ˵ɱɹӦû̫ϵ

Ȼ֪жʲô仰ܷ̾Ͱ˲١

ܷ˵Ȼڿ֪ģȽӽܣΪ˵߲٣ܱ֤ӵİΣ¹ȥٰ֮ѺҪԼš

ܷͷھͰ͹ȥ
СһЩˡ
ر֨֨ϲһߴߴȴڰοҪѽæˣٻ衣

üѯʣǸʲôƺ
ܷҡҾǾǽеˣȽ׽һ㣬ԼԼȡǳơ

˵ܷͣˣӸ͹ȥ
ܷӹ˫Ƶ⣬ϾӸȷʵȫһЩ
ڴʱǶյ˺ϻڵӴϢ
ſڡ




35.   35    ʦѽ

ܷеſ, ̷ԭֻۼɵţʱѾʮɵĵΧ
ߵǣϳŵѩ, ᱻһץסǿ֮¡
ǵΧвڿ֡

һλϻڵӿܷ̹״, Сʦ, ȻѩʦѾϳ, ǰҲǺϻڵĵӰ, , ЩҲ̫ϻڷˣ

۸ѩ⻰֮󣬲ͷһЦ, ǺϻǶǶ£Ȼɲʲô򣬶Ѿϳŵ, ڻҪСʦ£Ƕ𣿡

ڵȻԳʿʵһЩȽ϶ɥ顣
ÿζѩΪ˴±ʦŵ, Իе
Ȼܶģÿÿ뵽Щ۸ԭҲǶˣֻһ֮˱пɺ֮Щߡ

ԭУҲǱŮĴɼϵأܷС˵ʱͷǳɵˣû뵽ھȻܹǣǶĿš

ֿܷ˿ѩѩǶĺͲԸ, Ϊʹ򲻹ߡ
ܷѩԼתһԣܷԼı顣

߲Ų֮ʲôԹѩ֣ѩԼ߾ǿϡ
ѩΪǰкϻڵĹ˫кô
ֻҪסѩϵ˿ڣ
Ҳǵġ

ܷʵڿȥˣס֣

תͷܷ۵һ˿̰ôҪܹҵǺԸ⣬Ҫˡ

ֱܷҪ˿ˣֿ˿Χŵɵߣֽ̧ߣߣǺϻû˸˶Ůﶼ֣û뵽Щνʿ鷢Ȼ޶ԣ޵

һŮ۵мȻǺϻŵĵӣǻʲôǷ˴ŻᱻǺϻʦŰɣȻԭͲʲôˣֵǾֻܰˡ

ܷʱĵζӳ¡
ѩǰȷʵһ֣Ϊʣ޹Լ
ⲢҪɰ
˴۸ԼӦɺϻԼԼһ˭Ϳѩµѩ

æȴֲ֪Ϻ̬ȣϺ˵ҪʦţҲΪ˱ԼԼȥˣǲǻϺѿ

ھڴʱһϤ֡
˭ʦŵģ
˵Ǻϻڳصһ֣ŵ̶Եǰ̬Ϊɲء

һλѩߣҲ֮ǰѩԼһľ롣
סѩȴûзſ˵ؾѩ˴ҪʦŵĿǺϻڵϺˣǲ߶֪

˵֮󣬻ȺϺӰ
֪һ˲䣬ϺǰۿǸߣҵ˵ǣ֮󣬻ὫʦţֻҪʵеĴͻ
ԣѩڻǺϻڵĵӣֻ֮ǰһֱûлغϻڶѡ

ѩҲϺ˼ǰһڡ
ֻûлصţңϻڵӣſң

۵һĨȻǲſѩ
ϺڣҲˡ
˶Ϊߵˣ˱㲻ʲôſѩ

ѩȴû˻صڶǽɢס磬ĵؿЩʿ
Ǳ֮ΪаŮ£Ȼ޶ԡףˣԺ󶼻£Ҳûκ˻Ԯ֡

ղſڵǸŮȻѩԸѩĻ̷ˡ˼ôôǲ㣬ΪǰˡӦã㾹Ȼǣһħ֣Ӧϳǡ

ѩ˸ۣʱоɱȥؾ֮ǰӷ˭ħԼǰĴ£Ҳδڷϡ
ҶԲˣκˣֻܷԼͺϻڣδңܷηңҶܣԹԶûС
Щкιϵ

һЩ˱˵üͷ壬Ҫ
Щȴ쳣֮

ΪѩСתߣΧϻڵصʲôѩǺϻǱħޣ

ڳϴһֹˣҪ˵ˣǽﲢΪַѩҪϻǱħһ¡

Ҫѩܵ˶ʱ˲٣ЩﶼһѩǺݺһ٣ھȻ޷ͻӦͺܱ

ЩȴΪѩ˵ǷһӦ塣
Ӧ֪ԼûħⲢԻʹǰһᶨ
ʵһϻڣֻʦŲ

ÿһΣܷͿվһͻ˿˿ʹǲʡ
֪лӰ쵽ԼΪ߲ӦþڴˡʥˣôԼԡ

Ӧǵ⡣
Ҳû̫ʱ;ȥԼĵ׵
ڳ˵ĶԣҪǺϻǱħ޵£²ӰľͲľˡ
ħ޵Ĵڣ˵ҲǼΣա

ǺϻЩٴŽڳΪǰһԺϻ˵𣬽Щ߼ڴˣΪ̽⵽ϻħϣܹ̽ϻڡǺϻȷʵħǱ룬ȫ綨ħΪУΪϻڲΣգϻڲħǱ룬ҲϻųΣ𣿡

ϻOǹһĨЦ⣬²ɢϢ˵̶ĻǸϲôΪûоҲ֪ܻã˵ĻҲţ˵Լɵˡ

վŭOҪطѪˣ̸۵Ǻϻħй¶һ£㲻Ҫתƴҵߣ

OȴƫҪתƴҵߣǵðǰħս֮ˣΪ½Ұػ۷𣿡

һʱ֮䣬˻Ȼ
˭Ҳû뵽ƽͺϻԸİȻҲϻ˫ޣ
֪OӦûС

O·ܹ۵ĺ棬ûдӦ֪Ϊʲô𣿡
һ죬̴ţҪϻ̽ħ٣

OΪ̫ˣʵ벻ҵۡ

ϻŮӷ׷̲סЦҵͷӦ͡
ߴԸıԼòǲԸġ
Ȼÿ߶ԼȨѡ
ֻԼҪģģʮֿЩΪ˸޸Լεо
һֱϻڣΪϻھΪòԻ硣

ڳɫһỌҪϻڣϾ綼һ壬ħ粻졣㲻ϣֻܻǺħ繴һ˽ħޡ

O˽صħΣ
ڳ˵ǾΪС

ʱ»ԱߵϺ䣬ǰһЩ࣬ϻϻʲô
Oס֣Щ˵ǾӲɣҵҪ˭ܴҺϻڵĽƣʱǸǳˣҿôճ

ϻڵĽͷɲСǿǼǰһλ󷨴ʦϻвµķ󷨡
λ󷨴ʦO޷԰ΣһֻΪOĵ£Ϊϻڿ˲¡
λÿ궼ԼΪӹ󷨣󷨾ǿ󷨡

߶ʮǰԶɽΪչأǶɽ˳֮󣬱ǴΪһ֮ң
Ϊϵ˿֮١
ֲǣ˵Ǳλ̻ӦʱΪOҲˣֱӳضЩϻڵˡ

OЩ˶ڷͳǺϻھ簲ΣڲˣɫѰҿɽҪΪô˽ɣ
޺޿OOڣЩôҲסϻڵȺӡ

OһЦδһɵ˵ı顣
֮ķѩһЦǺϻھǿɫ˫ѽⲻ֪ɱʲôҪǺϻڣͺǺϻʲôʱЩذһ

õ̧֣׵Ҫѩ
һOûһɫޣ͵سڰֱϣ޾ѩڡ

ǺۣO

O˵ҺϻûħޣһҪΪУǾ͵ȫΪаɡ

Oźϻڵתȥ
ܷO۶ðǹ⣬ʦѽ

OͷһЦ̫ԭҪǿϻڵ׼֪һҲ

ܷ˵Ļٻ𣿡
Oᣬұƭ˵ġ

ܷѧˣ

Oû˾ͷ´£ǽ˱ڣһưոݣһ뾡취ϻڣǲԴС

漴ֻͷһߵϺ𣿡
Ϻۿһ죬ʣҡ

OЦ˵ҶȥðɣҪ顣

˷׷ɻϺΪλѵһεħϺйأ

ѩصֻԼĶۺϻδȻܡ
ˣȻòªˣüۼɫȴԽˣǰһϺѵǸħģ㲻˸ħ޵¯ɣ
֮侹ȻЩĽ

ӾȻҲĽؿϺ
Ƕû˯ħء




36.   36    ÿɰѽ

ߺħ֮Ĺϵһֱ, ڼкƽദʱ򣬰ǰħսǽìƵ˼, Ȼ糹׷롣
ϻڵŮӴ˵ħ˫ˣҲħ, رһЩŵĵӡ

, Ϻħн, ǳ档
ҲС, ħ˫, ǺǽĲħҲ
ħ˫޺˫޸оǲǻ᲻һ
˵ħ޶ܲб˫޵ʱǲҲǳб
, ʹĲбǴ̼Ĳб

ܷǰ治ɱ䣬ʼСۡ
Ҳɵʱĵ, ȻЩˮҲܹҵһЩǰС˵ϰϰ

Դ֮ǲûѽ
ֻɣΪɣ, ˯ˣ˭С˵ѽ
ܷҲ˺ܶ֡

ԼеһξҲ㲻Ϻá
ܷ͵͵һۿǷɵıˡ
ǣʹȫ£һ˫ޣҲ϶ǳһӲ䳬һļ
Ͼߵ׶ӣĴ϶һ

ɾͲ̫ˣûиⷽ濪̵ơ
ܷеһξ, 㲻Ϻá
ǰЩС˵̫Զʵ̫ʹˣʹཻڣﾭʹ
ʱ䲻Լ㣬ҲͲСʱɣҲûиԼ̫˺

ܷ̾ҡͷ
֮ܶǣ߲С

߻ۺħ˫޵¡
ۼŻҪһЩķߡ
ǡõãкϻڵĵӣЩΪĳЩ鵢ûȥŵġ

һã²
ǼᶨΪòҪζԸЩɣ
ԼĴ﷨ͳ׼ʼǣܷĿࡣ
һֱΪϻڵĵϣûôù
ԭֻԼδ֡ᡱ
ҷǳڴ棬ѾǺϻڱɸΧˡ

ѾûпĵܷԼֱȽϸߣֱϺߣҪǰ֪͸
۾ǹ貣ʮȸԾβϺҪǷħ޵𣿡

Ϻ΢΢һеЩźͳһ˲侹ЩɢˣЦöܷ˵Сʦ壬ҪĲ

ܷôһ˲ʧҪ˵ʲôѽ
Ϻ΢΢죬˺ܴŵҪ˵ħԴ

ܷ
˫Ƶ鱻Ϻ֪ˣ

Ϻûע⵽ܷ۾һ𾪺Ͳ죬ԼУʵŵħԴҵĺӣȻһֱҲڽǰЩӲ֪ô£ϵħй¶ðڵ֪ˡ
ԽٵһжΪҡ

ܷ˶סˡ
ͻȻ֮ǰʦ˵˫Ƶʱʦ˵˫Ƶ⡣
ħԴʵϺĺӣ

عܷϺ۵׵ĲͻȻΪʲôҪԼЩҰҪõĶ
ܣԼһźܣͿԲۺϻˡ

ܷסϺ֣ǰϺ
Ŀ峺۵׵ĹâԾ˸Ǿһ𱣻ѽ

Ϻ΢΢һСʦ塭
һ壬һֱΪ˳סѹֱͦļһ̺ƷˣҲ֪ӦҪôҲ֪Ĵڣ֪֮Ҫôȥˡ

ܷ뵽Լϣ˵ĺѽ
Լǿ˫Ƶ֨֨ߴߴֿɰܷۣϲ𣿡

Ϻһ
ܷϺַԼϣȻ˫ƵڿϣǲԱѽ
ʵҲкӣһ

Ϻ˲˫ۣȡ
Щܷ˵οĻѻ

ܷĿϺ۾ϲĻ룬ϻڵҲϲôҶһ𱣻ΪҲϲѽ

Ϻֻ˼Ѿȫˣʶ˵Ƣãħ޵Ѫôϲأ

ܷü㲻룬Ҫ֪ıȫɰϲǸˣ
˵ܷ˫ƵΪҵĺӱ¶ٺݣǵвͱתˣ㶼֪жɰ
ȻǸķǵģƢСߺӣرһӰҶϲ
ʵǸСҲ֪˭˽ʵֻܱǴҶûůŶɵɵҲرɰ

ܷԼĺ֮ٴζϺ˵ϲͲҪƢãҪħ޵ĺӣʲô취أҲѡԼĵ˭
ȻҲ˵Ϲ۵˼
ҾǾһӣϣϲǾҪúõĶҪ̵Ϊһˣ磬磬ҲҪ֪ǰģϲġ
Ϊıѽ
㲻ܰһֱһ

ܵϲϸܵ˶⣬Сʦ棬֪ĺ֮ҹ˭ֻҪĺӣҾͻϲ϶Ҳͷ⣬϶ҲϲңһϲҵĺӣôƢõĺأ

ϺܷĶӣ˼

ǲԶOҲתͷܷ
ȷʵϺܷ˶кӣ̸ӵʱȫһġ
ܹоܷԼӵϲϺȴֻѹ֡
ջߣϺͺܷʱɵҲɵ

˴ʱ֪վ⣬һĨ߹ԵЦ⡣
ڱץˣȻĲһ
Ѿȷ˫Ƶĸ׾ܷһĨһֱָȥӦ˲ȫɢ

ʱϻ˶Ѿá
ϺҪ˫޾飬Ҳҡ
O˿ϻڵӣһ仰ͽҵڴ𣬡հѴҾۼϺҪҷħ޵˫ޣ顣

𣿡
ʲôѧϰħ˫޸Ҫأ

֪ʵܷ֣΢΢̧°ͣһϷӡ
жʧͻж𾪣
ʦ㣬ҺڴϺĺӡ

Ϻ˿ϻˣתͷܷһۡ
̸ܷʹɫͣǿ϶ϲģ

ϺˣǸҵ˸ǸѴټΪ˸ߴңϻڱΧɵġ

ͨղһʵѾ²²⵽ˡ
ûΪϺ仰߷ŭϺƽںϻԴΣΪ˶£˶Ŀá
ǲûĵˣôΪϺĴǰУ
jpmjdj
һƽʱϺߵıȽϽĺϻڵ˵Ϻʦ壬ûϵģѾˣɵϣͳҲҿ˭ôĿŵ۸ǡ

Ϻȴ΢΢ҡͷһξҵĴҾ͸ߴе࣬ߴΪʲôɻ϶ϻħޡ

ָһָӷ׷ֱ壬ϺǿܾҪϺʦݲؽǸħˣ

ȻһȻǰһ߰СС
ˣ

Ϻ˵Ļ˶ɵˡ
ҵĺӣǰħս֮ʱһħ

ճֵĺӱӲ˫
Լֻܻ˰ɣ֪Լĸ׺ħµĺӣôŹԼأ
ϻڵӷӦ֮˫ʼ⣬ͺҪԼ

ϺҲͬҺš
˫޶ںϻڵĵ˵̫ƽܽħ˫ޡ
ȴһοӻǴ޾ѡ

ʱĺϻڵȷʵð⣬Ƭ֮ǾȻʮ־ϲļ
رܷǸСü֮Ϻһģһ̲ס̧סЦÿɰѽϺͲӦðôɰΪʲô棡

Ҳ׷׷ӦæѯϺ
Ϻʦ壬Ķ𣿡
ÿɰѽССһֻ
ǸкӣǺϻԺҲҪеԺϻڵĹǵһħѽ

ߴߴ鶼Ǽ˷ܵġ
û˭۵׳ݣӵĳֻ

Ϻûϵģ벻ϻӻк£ķӦ
ϺֻԼһ˲仯һ̲ˮһֱͷЩ࣬һ˲䶼ɢ

ֱܷߣȻСǰ
Ӱ𪵽͸ѾѪͨ죬Ҳ΢΢

ܷ˲٣ں㲻ҪŶǶᱣģ׵Сʦ壬ԺҪСʦˣ

ӵͫرڣ̧ܷʱ򣬴Ž䱸;衣
ȻܷȴһȻˣתͷͶϺ˵㳤һģһ˿϶˧ҿһ𣿿ӣ

ܷӸͲϺ˵ƢãЩ̫ˣ
˫ƵھͻһŵһҲûСӺ档
ǰӵ͸죬ͺܺôӡ

СʦҪҲ׷վҲҪ
Сǲģֻ𣿡
ĸϺʦ㳤һģһҿӰʯӰ𣿡

еĵʵϺʦ壬ǲôħǲҪôѽҲԼһС棡
ҲԼӣҺϺʦĺѽ

Ϻ˵ķӦͷһˮ
ߵO΢΢ǣ㿴ҲǸɵǰĵĶֻԼԼѣҲûΪӵĳ־־壬ħ޵ĺӣôԺϻڵĵ˵ֻĺӡ
Ƭ̣O˵ܷ˵ĶԣϲӣͲҪٹˡ




37.   37    С

ڽ˰, Լĸ֮⣬ûмκˡ
ĸ˵ľǺϻڣĸ׸, ԼĴڣӰ쵽ϻڼϻеӡ
޼˺ϻ, ûкϻ, ĸǲǾͲԼ, ԼǲǾҪǸˣ

֪Ҫϻ˼ʱ, ѾԺ, ˳ǧκϻڵ˻ɱηɱϻЩ˵ġ
żĿ־ͺǰ, Ȼĵһ仰ǣÿɰ

ʵ岻̫仰˼Ϊĸ״ûж˵ɰ, Ǹ˵ȴĸ߳壬ϲԼġ

ָó岻֪ηӦʹ
ֻܵĸ׵ԹޡԼ޿κΡ
Ϊֻ֮ġ

廹ûзӦǸ˾ߵԱߣ, ƽ˫ǸڰĽУΨһҹһ㣬˸Ĺâ

֪ΪʲôԼѪҺӿϣǻѸš
ǰĸʱе巴Ӧ
ǵ˲ʱҲ巴Ӧ
ڲʲôأ

ų˵Լ
Աֳ˺ܶߴߴ, 뱧
Ƕɱ˵ΣյС

ȻԱߵˣ˵ԼӦýСʦ棬ů˫Լ
ݺһѡ

곣ܷ̲סгҲ̫ɰ˰ɣôôѽ
Ϻʲôѽ

Ϻ塣
Ǵ˼ԭϣӲҪմȾǸħ޵İħ

Աѩ̲ס˹Сʦ壬СʦҲһ
˵ѩ̧סԼ᲻ᱻϵİţ˭ݸҲһ

ܷһѽ屧Լתͷ˵Ⱥֽܲһ㣿ûŻ𣡡

ѩһ߸Ĩݸ࣬һ߶ܷ˵Сʦ£ˣ㿴ŵӶתˣ

ܷ˵ǺϻڵһˣôŵǸӣǿŹɣңұȽо飡
ǺϻΨһкӵأ
֨֨ߴߴôÿɰ˵ԼǴӵһѺְ
ϺĺһǱ̫ˣԸܻе⣬ҪԼƯֻӵСʦɳˣ

ϻڵӴʱ˿̶Ŀ𳤣ôܷŹ壡
Ҳôˡ

OһĻûֹЦˣߵϺǲǺܺڰһ˷ڽôʱ䣿
Ϻԣ̫ɵˡ

Ȼ˾Ϳܷ壬ܵߣ

ܷOϺ˵ʦ𣬿ǰɣСɰᱻ滵ģ

OŵˣҲҪˣȻѾҼ棬еദӣҪǣӦεֿС

ܷOͷ

ǰȻʱʱĽĿСϣȴҲ˼ӦҪαϻںͳ塣
ܷվϺߣԼϺм䣬ȻѳϺԼס˳֡

ʱʱ˵֣˼ȴһϡ
Ǿǳԭеݡ

ԭкڣһ꣬䲻󣬵ʵѾ꣬ߺħ޵ãΪ˼бⴳһɴɱɱ
κƶҲԵɣֻһ߻ħķӣÿֻɱ
˺Ĵ۷ǳ

ϲŮϲŮȴŮһ𣬶ɱŮ
ΪҪŮϡ

Ůϳ˲ٿͷŰŰ˸ҡ
һδεŰŮ׷ŮΪŮŮһɱꡣ
ɱǳףǱһЩķʱʹࡣ

ǳ塣

ʱԭʱܷͦˬġ
Ůӽǳֻóʵ̫ɶˣ޹ʹɱ֣Ůδȴ㽫ŮŰ
˵Ȼ๼õ³

ܷͷźѾȾӵĳ壬ԭЩ£³ֻһۡ

׳Ϊʲôһˡ
ȻԭͥһӵĳɳӰʵ̫ˡ
ԼӦÿԸı䳣
岻һǳߣȥ̻ϺȷķʽԼԺӵϲҲóܵϻ˶İ

ůͰﳤĺӣ϶ɳԭеǸ̬
ܷǳġ

ܷع˻ۡ
ڴʱ֪ʲôʱã̧š
е߶ڿϣָָų壬ϲûħ

תͷ塣
˵ϵħϴħ޵Ķ

ϺӳĲϳһȻȡϵĺħ
Ǹħ˫֮ҵĶҾͽϵϣôȥˡ

ȻǸħȡ֮󣬳һֱƵħȫʧ
Ϻ˿Լǲħġ

ֿ񣬡ֻҪͲǽϻ̽ˡ
ʵʺϵһħޣܹħħͷųӶһЩΪ

Ϻʱ˿̵̲ĸܵжԳ塣
ƺδǹĿԡ

ħԭСĸףֱС˰꣬Ϊ͵ˣЩΪߵͳϣһ۾ܿСħ֮ϵ
ֻҪħڣͻ˷СħĹϵ
ɺħǺӸΨһ
Щò⣬֪ǷӦûħ

ڴʱӳǰ֮󣬾һֱû˵ĳ忪ˣɡ

ħúϻΣգôòħħҲνҪЩħ
ԼܹĸΪʲôϻˡ

ܷԱ߿һĻ˶£֣Ժ󻹿ԸСҸĺö
˵ͷһۿģ϶Ҳкܶʺϳıǿ߻

һȴûз
ϻڵĵҲӦѽһãǰͲμħսвսƷأЩΧˣҾȥ
ôһ˵ҵúҲμħսҵúúʡ

ܸ࣬̾Сճһɽ
С¶ȸոȥһͨˡ

Ϻħ񽻸OOС壬ҪٵҲҲ㸸ˡ

ҲҪ

Oͷ˺ħ
ҪħĺħҲôס

ϺҲڷǿʯͷ΢΢üO˵ǾЩҪΧϻڵɽ̽飬ǲ̫ˣ

OЦ˭˵˺ħǽˣ

ܷԼʦѽ
ԣͲǽǣǣǸҲӲǸӲǾϣ
⻰˵˹ŷŹƣԿ⻰ʮֲˬüͷ壬ܷĺ˼

ϻҵħԴͷҲҵ˽취һϷˣȺһ¶ʱһƬϲء

OҪصԼȥħ
׷Ϻߡ
Ϻʦ㣬ҶкöñҪ͸ҵСʦֶھʹضѡòã
㶴ʲôöǿвٵķСʦܣڻûκΪʽЩԸһȥȥ

̵ܷڳǰ˭ͺϻϲСͽҪȥҵġ
ܷδ˵꣬ͱˣȥҵĶ

ܷͷſ
ҲŶ
ϻŮǵ¯֮⣬ŮӣЩ¯ɲǳѧϰĺð
ȻԭǸɣҲʲôˣȥȫϻΨһ˾ֻˡ
廹ҪӴӴԣҲܶĳɳһ

˫ƵҲǶСӾӦöСᵽСӵĿ֡
ܷͷԵģҪһȥ˭ĺñߵĻ𣿡

ϻŮӲȡ
һЩ۲ؿߡ
Сʦ/Сʦѽ߶¡
Ҳ֪Сʦ/Сʦ˯֮ܲлҲߵζ

ܷ֪Щô룬һȰǣʡʡİɣߵζɲð

ܷϺųȥ˿Ķ
ܷһ·ϻʮֲʿߣ㿴Ӷ߰ˣûһΪûʲôʵĹԸѽҲҪģϻڵĽÿһձ㻻

ǰδشܷ⣬˵ɲֹ߰꣬㶼ӦѾˡ

ܷͷűԼǣֵСܲͷ
Сܲͷֺˡ

ֱܷţĶϺ˵һѽ
ϺΣħսʱϵġ
ܷɵˣ

ܷҲԼжϷʽһֱڽûнӴ磬ҲûӴˣǾһСӵѽ
ԾͻһСܲͷ

˵䣬ǻصĶ
Ծн磬Ҳɽ
ܷʵأ㻹ҪҵĽ𣿡

һԼ̬ȡ
ܷˣ︹̣֨֨ǸСĳƢ͸һģһҲ̫ǳ̫Сˣ
ұǸլŮ

漴֮Ժ˫۷ŹԿ˵Сú͸һСӾӦúС棡
˵⻰ֿų˵ҲСӴȻڻûƿǣǳɰСӴ

֪ͻȻڣС

ܷ֮Ȼ
ѽҲ¶ˣ
ôܹߵ˵СĻֻ֪˫Ƶĺӣ֪˫Ƶĸװ

Աߵĳ壺
ССã
ͻȻţ޴롣

Ϻ
Сʦ˵кӣ˵ġ
˼еҡ




38.   38    ߣҲװԼ

ʱ, δ֮գҪҵǸ˾˭
ϺҲһֱǳ档
ǿƢúܶ˸Ͳ
ϺôҲ벻, ȻڽõôϢЩϢһ, ָСʦ
ԵҪҵǸСʦ, Сʦİ߸˯, ˯, ߵĵ

ϺҪ, ܷ죬ҪŪԭί
ȻҪһɲ, ͻȻܵڿڸмǿϺ̱졣

ȻƬͽӵ˿ĴѾ֪ˡ
Ͳѯ, ȻѾȷ

ϺֿܷһۣѯʵָӵĸСʦ𣿡

Цһ㵹Ǳˡ
󣬿ȻϺѾ²⵽, ҲҪԼҲֲˡ

Ϻ룬Ǿȡһ£ǲСʦ壬ܾܺö֣ᷢѾµࡣ
ĶӸƷʲôȤһ, ˾ãôܾ׷Ź

ϺԼСʦˮУɿͷŵѹ̫ȷʵЩ̫ҿڡ
ǶϺ˵İɣҲ˺ġ
Ϻŷܷࡣ

ܷû֣Сʶء
˫ƵڳǰԳ˵㿴ŵɲͨĵŶߵѪأУʮģСãһ֨֨һߴߴǲǳɰѽ

ڽﳤ󣬳ϺӴˣȫϺģڵһŰֽ
ܷĻͷ룬ԭ֨֨ߴߴǿɰ֣Ǵӵġ

ʮɫĿȸܷζȷʵǺÿɰ

ţܷĸһԼĺǰһͣűһ¡

ֱӺŵҪҡҲң

ܷ˵ֲСӤһŵʲôҲҵģ

忴˿ֻܷͷһ㿴Ϻ
ȻȻתͷƬ̣ͺˣǸŮ˲Ųء
ȴϺʹǰȫȻͬ飬ٳԹΣܷʮƵᣬ˵ԣǻ㱣ǵģˤˡ

࿪ʼҿ͸оԼһ̣Ļˡ
ֻͷܷȻ
ܷѵ͵˫ƵһҲִС磬ڳ˹

һ͵͵֮һ˫Ƶ˫ƵȻ˵ˣ
ϲ硣
ߴߴŴŴģʮֿɰ
̸ܷܣߴߴҲʮòãߴߴ
ˢһºˣһСͣҡҽг塣

֨֨һһ㶼أҪһĸ硣

ˣ
ʺϵһħޣ缸޷ڵΪͬ㡣

̵ܷ֨֨㲻˵Ŷ
Ȼʳ壬ԸǣĹȥ𣿡

ֻԥƬ̣͵ͷţԸ⡣
ϲãԲ֪Լ͹ȥ
ֻЩģ֪֪Լ͹ȥ᲻Լأ

ܷϺڸСֻ˵ĹȥǰǴϺһԼ뷨
ϺҾӦҪԼĹȥһλΪɽ¶˰̣Ժ˾ͻץ˿һֱ˺

Ϻδǹܷһ˵ԼһֱҸߴҳĴڣͳΪ˿ڣÿκͳ涼ǰԼ˿ڳ
Ȼһйڣŷ֣ʵûôء
岻˿ڣ䱦ǡ

ϺͷܷõģСʦ壬һжġ

ȻܷͶ˵
ϺʦĺӣϺʦҪ˺ԾһֱΪģҲûа취Ϊô͡
ǲܵƾΪжһŶеΪܸߣȴǸ̬أеΪܵͣǸӣǲܵƾΪжһˡ

ߴߴ֪ˣҲϲŶԸһֱ㡣
΢
֨֨ҲˣԾɺǸһ˵ˣԾۣȴϳúܣҲ˰ֻΪҾͲᡭͲˡ

ܷң˵Ϊܵ𣿡
ѾŬ˺ðɣÿ춼ģû˫ޣΪҲ˫޵أ

ƺĲջδ

ܷûĻȴں֨֨ƽϣԳ˵ѽСˣͿһѽ
壬ǿ϶ϲģһ˴ôãһϷûϵһģ

ſߣ岻ϷҵýѽȻûĺϷˣ

üζͷ˵Ķԡ
ܷ˵ʱּһ䣬㲻ǺǵĸףǸҵˣͲ˽ϷˣǾ̫ϧˡ

Ϻ
ܿģߡ

ܷÿ⻰ֵֹģǰ˵ô໰
ɿſ

˫ƵߴߴǼǿʼɣ衭ܷ
ܷһҲߴߴֱԼĴںӵĺ̿ĻӦõģϷɡҽһϷľͷˣ
ֿϺҪ𣿡

Ϻޱ飬ܷ˫ʱǶҪܾ⻹ޡĿа

ǣĺѯΪôΧźϻʱͿܷڿԺ﷢쭣ѡϷ

ܷߴߴûʼһ͵ƮߴߴĿߣƽͰԼһͨˣ㲻ô죡
˲صԭλϡ

ûһְˡ
ߣҪ㲻վԭǵͶɹ

ֹһܷ˵ߣҲװԼܱӣװ棬ȻͱߴߴץסˣȻߴߴûˣ

ǳһĨбЦ⣬ֻͻȻƵ飬񣬴ҵˡǺǡ
ܷһˣɣװԼܱӡ
ͷţ㲻װ

ϷԼҲ߹Ҳһҿǵ淨Ҳһ桭
󣬺һ棬һ߻˳Լֵ߳ԭ
װԼûüס壬һ߱ץ˶ߴߴ˵ѽߴߴ̫ˣҶû뵽ôͽľͷˡһߵԼװץϺߣĴָ

ϺѾܹƽһУȻһЦһкܶ಻ĵطСʦҺܶࡣ
һʺţܷҲ̱ܽˣ
ĸΪûʱΪľͷˣץס˫Ƶ棬ɰߴߴ˻ˡ
ǱһǳϷ
ǱץˣԼһҪǣ

ɹˣ˫Ƶĵط˫Ƶĵǣһܣ
ĸߣܷϷ㣬ڱˣѽ

ߴߴùЦһŵܲģ
Ȼߴߴ֨֨˵㣬ǼһҪץסǣ
֨֨ʮ־Լɣҡ
ߴߴţɺã

ߴߴץס˳壬Цǻ졣
̫ˣߴߴܷͳһ̨Ϸѽߴߴһľͷˡ

תˣҪȥϢ
ϺҲŲˣﻹЩûдȥٻ档

ʣºܷ
ܷôɵϷ㻹Ҫ棿

ܷ۵һ˿⣬ΪҾֻΪϷǲŶʹˡ
ɲŹ㡣
ܷǾ˵ڲ붯
ǰʱҵǿѧǰһ
ǲԸҲǲѧϰֻǣ̫ʹʱ򣬾Ͱʱһ

һ˼Σ֪ߴߴˣҲ֮ǰ˺ܶ࣬ǵϷŽ

ϺʱȥĶѯܷͿ顣
Ļ⣬ҲӦ֪ˡ
ϺСʦ᲻ᱻ۸

ЦˣͲõˡ
ܷ⺢ӣɵʵɵɵǰͲԸôͱ˫ޣ˶˵ɵϻڲǿ˫Ϊչʲôá㿴Ϊ˭ˣʮ꣬ܽ𵤡֪ԼҪʲô
ڿ⺢ӣҼǰʱ֪ǿƫȴҲǸӲˡ㿴Сʦ壬ڿҪǿûɲ˺

ϺһҲǣͨ͸
ͦõģʵܰ䡣

Ϻ˵껰֮󣬾ȥ˿Ķ
֮󣬱㿴ܷء
ܷѾٴαӣίίſĺʹӽܹʱҶҪҵĽˣЪһ£ҾЪһ¡

ܷҧͻƽ𵤳ڣȻʹ˵ôš
ܷǺʹ
˵Ҵ㡣

һΣǰԼĳ籴ܷߵܷס󣬽Լһ˿ܷʼ
Ƭ֮󣬡̫ˣһЩҪż

ܷ˿ĻԼȻûôʹˡ
ҲھŹָУٴλصͨȥ˫ƵתһȦ»ص𵤣һ졣
һΣֻܵ΢΢ʹȴ֮ǰЩӼˣǰǰЧ΢

ֱѧԴĿϸУͷſߺ

ſܷ֣һ
ȻǾСֻӾܷҲкô
Ҳѹû˫ޣΪԾɳѸ١
ֻǲ֪˫ޣֻʲôЧ

ü׿Լĵ׵뷨ߵһԣԼ߼졣

ԱߵϺ˳ƽ߳壬뿪ʱȴţȷʵ˵ĶԣСʦߵҲǰ䡣




39.   39    ϻڷˣ

Ϻͳûһ͵ϺĶ
һ, ϺһδղѾ˸ԼķԱ׼һ䡣
ų䣬Գ˵Ժ, סˡ

죬ҧһ, ˵ҲٻȥǸ𣿡

⻰Ϻһᡣ
ǶԳһĨЦ, , ԺҲûǸطˡ

ų۵׵ľϲ, ֪ڴ, ȴֺԼƭġ
Ϻųڰϣ, ˫ᣬ壬Ӧ˵Բ, Сʦ˵ĺܶԣⲻĴûκδԣ㲻ӦóеһС
ҲǴ, ϲģȴ˺㡣

ۿ΢죬Щɳƣ֪ģΪ˱ң֪ħ޵ĺӣɱңΪ˱, ŰҲ
ʵ֪ģҲףΪʲôԼ֪ҲԸúõĺĸ˵

ϺЦˣһν屧Щˣȥ㻻ħıһ
˵ûϵ
ϺЦΪͲܱ֨֨ߴߴҲûйϵ

һ΢죬ǡҪö๦Ҫܱǡ

Ϻų忴ֵĵرͷЩǺϻڵ͸㶼Ҳкܶණ㣬գźʵٸϻӻ񡣡
棬š

ҹڴϣܹоĸ׵ϢܹоߵϢ
ָоú档
һֱԼһˣΪԼ᲻ϰȺУҲϰ߳ô˵ϢȻûУúܰġ
˯֮ǰ룺ûɱҡ

ϻڵĵصϢöȽϺá
Щȴǡ

ڳ϶˵ֻҲȥ˺ϻڣϻڸҪӲ²ףҲӦġ
ô᲻֪ԼĹңԳ˵β罫ĥѡϻһʲôħйأħͻΪ˶

ڳϵ棿
ʮֿ϶ҵĹҲдʾһӦںϻڡ

ڳüͷ壬ó֤ݣŸһͬϻΪС

˼Ƭ̣ͻȻǿԿػꡣ
ϵһҪǱػˣһ¾ͻˡ
͵Ϊ磬ҺϻڵЩӣ.а๼𣿡

ϳĬΣȥˣҲеϻ˫޹

ûãϾʹһߣ䳤ÿüۼḡ飬ó˿һϻڵ˫֮ҵ˵ģȻǷȴʮҪⷢ˿˫ʱСĳġ

ʵǲСģǰ޵ľЩϰ±˵Ժ¡
ţˣͷ˿һڲƵ¿סŮߵĻꡣ

Ϳʼ׼
סŮߵĻ꣬ͨߵУϻ淢һС

׼úܿ죬ҹʱ֣Ѿ󷨡

ʱϻڣϺʦöۼ˲ߣǶ˵Լʲôȥ
вٵڱԹСʦ̫ˣǴҶϲ壬ΪʲôƫƫҪһ˰ռ壿
ѽСʦռҶѽҶҪˣǳܷܲһ棡
һȥСʦɣѳһ£̫ˣһʱͺã

Щ˲֪һ۵ߣڸոһ˲䣬΢۾ʧȥɡ
ֻ֮΢΢Ҳûп˵˲û˷쳣

ʱϻڽ⣬ڽڣۣԺȫǺϻǸػŮܿһС
ܿĲ棬ϻЩŮ˵ĻȴΪ֮
֪ϻڲ˵ûħЩ˹Ȼ治£

ЩŮ˵
СһˣҸ֪ħ˫أҲ֪ϺʦʲôʱŻǷħ˫޵ľ
̫̰ˣħ˫أֻҪһӣܺħ޻ߣ˭ԣֻҪ˳࿡츳ȻҵĺƯִͺá

ߵͱЦˣ㻹˵̰̰Ǹ֪߻ж಻ףԽΪ츳ȻߣԽǲӵԼѪǿ顣
˵ҾһǿСɰúϺʦһģһ̫ϲˡЩ뿪֮ҿ϶ȥҴǰǸãħսʱսƷһЩȻûС塣

ǴҵĻֹյˡδߴ﷨ѹħսսƷϡ

ʱѾ
ƲסԼĿػһ˲ǸϻŮӵϵ

Ů΢΢һΣֻԼź̫ˣվ˵ţЩƣȻȥһ

ڽڡ
ڳϸϽߵߣɫҰף亹ѯʣ㿴ʲôʲôΪʲôţ

˵ϻڷˣǾȻУߵħ˫֮һӣǸھںϻ
ҵӦħ϶ǸǷųģȻħ޵ĺӣԺ϶´ħ磡

ڳҲڷﲻͣ߶УȥǰǺòײŽħ糹׷ħ´򿪣ħ޳жɥ
ҰԭǷħţħ򿪣ħǵһҪľţ

ħսȻսȷʵ˲ٵķ˺ܶ󷨣ʹܹսʤħ磬ҽħ糹׷
ȫħжţħͨ
ڳϸħ֮ͨ󣬰ڻľء

̵ͷͰұʾӦ̰Ϣţϻ켺

ЩŵĶʮΣϻﲢû˷ǵ쳣
Ժϻ˵ҲһϢǾһ˴ؾˡ

ܷ֪Ϣ⿪ģ̫ˣϻˣǺϻڵʵֻһ㼶Ǿ͸򲻹ˣ

Oȴҡͷûô򵥣ŵĵҲؾǻҲΧϻڵ֧飬ҲǵĵʵҲǿ

ܷһҲǣӦôźأܲЩһֱѺϻΧɣ

ڴʱϻѾźϻһӻصţȻǿȴΧŵĺüŵӡ

֮ǰճؾʱ򣬾Ѿ˵ϻΣգǶúһ̾͸˻ȻǷŭһĻ

ϻֱȥ˽ڣڶԽڽĵ˵ϳҡ

ǸӿϻȻ޷ƵĳòУһŻع
΢յȥ֪ͨųϡ
ڳûһͳˣϻ֮΢΢ףϻò㿴ŵǱǰò˲١

ϻЦ˵˵Щ׻ңʲô׼ҺϻΪУҪҺϻ𣿡

λϵˣֻ˵ϻħħǱ룬Ҫ̽飬ϻԼԸǽϻڣǲŻ

ϻͫ΢漴һЦЦҲ޶ˣȴ׺ʮ֣ƨЩϲֲǲ֪ЩΪٶȼվŹƭҺϻڵĵӺ˫ޣȷıǶˣ

ڳȴǻûǸزȻ϶ȷʵҲɺϻǱħޡϻںҽûʲôԩҲԺϻڣֻϣκϻܹţ̽һħޣ綼ϻڣȥûУҲǸ

ϻڲܴӦ㣬Ȼ֮˵

ȻʹԼ뿪
ѩʦ˵ʦȻѾأΪʲôǽ̽飿Ѳﰵɱ֣

ϻҡͷҲ֪Ͼ֪ˡ

ŵĿ֮½ϻڡ
ЩſŻĺϻڵӣ̾ٵһЩֹ

ϻصϻڣо뿪ʱͬ
˵ôΧţӦֻҺ²ǣôоЩϲģ

źϻĵǶǳ棬ʲô飿

ȻǾͿϺԼܷӭ˹ܷϺмǸСܲͷ˭
СܲͷǸСк
ѵǺϻյеӣ
˭ôؿڣȻеӣ

ᣬϻû˼㱨Ǵ˴ؾ֮еջǰһʵʦ𣬾ô£Ϊʲôɻ˵ϻħ

OָָϺߵĳ壬Ϊӣ֮ǰЯһħɢħɵע⡣

ϻǸƵüۣɵ⺢ǡ
O˵ϺʦֶǰħĺӣϲŻźħ񡣲㲻õģǺħѾҴˡ

ϻ΢΢һֵ̧סͷʦ𣬺ħʲôĲҪϺôħ˫ޣһӣǰµĺӣ⺢Ѿ꣬ôһСܲͷӣ

OȻϸڴϺ㣬Ҫ̽飬ǾԲеģ̽鵽⺢ӵ϶ǿɱ

شúܿ죬Ѿʧƽյķȣõģȥҿ²綼֪˲ͬЩߵЩҪҪǣħ˫޵棬һ˺ӣǸֵĽѧϰ
Ϻ⼸û£ú׼׼ôҪҪǷС




40.   40    ֻ;

ܷĻ, ˶ЩɵǴҵı鿴ȥôȻ
ԭҲԺϻʲôŴͳչʾ

ܷ۾, ΪܲǰţҵĹԺˡ
̶Ϻ˵ȥϵ, Ƿ֪ɽȫۼһҪΧҺϻһŮӡ, ȥнڵ, ֪Լչصʱ, ųϴŵ°ɡ

һ, ΪʵǿΪǶԴ߶ȽϹƽɹ, ǵħսҲ飬ԷħΪ, ޲նɱħޡ
ɣֻҪ治ʱǴʱԸڰ¡

ڣڲصš
򣬻ܿŵĳ, ڣɸڶһѺ֡

Щԭᵽֲ
ԭŮʱ䱻ŰǽչأڳŮƹŮ

ܷǲ֪ͽϵôˣչҲܽг𣿲߻ħ
ʶƽ̹ĶӣҲΪųһܰʲôأ

ܷ, üһ䣬ŵУԼɵΧֹϻڷȫȻȥڰɡ

ܷϲ̸
֮ĿܷͷſһίίԾ˽ҲﵱҲȥµģҲù

˷׷׽ڿܷϣٽд
ûСʦĺˣ
˵ÿ춼أ
ֲСʦΪô졣
ǣէһҪͻƽ𵤳˰ɣ
Сʦʲôʱܸһ˫޽᲻Ŷ

۾һۣڴ

ЩܷʵҪûǸʶ
ͬʱ͵ܷСֻ˽죬ΪϢܷĽ磬һ

ŵЩ⣬ֻǽͲˣȻҲû˫ޣɾУҲó˵
ϻڹֲûᱻŵ.аɡ

Щ׿ܷͬȥ
ܷʱҲˣȷʵӦȥһ
˫Ƶÿ춼ҪԼķҲ԰ܷòȥ

ܷνתͷܹͬУǾٺòˣֱӴܵ߰ɡ
пڣڻǸ

˶֪ʱ˿ǸػĺϻڵҲ
ͨӵ۾˺ϻ˵ĶԻ
ԼֱҪĵ³ˣЩϻڵĵôܹ˲Ҫö̸֮˫޵¡

ȻҪǣϻھȻҪȥǳǺϻһֱŲȥϻ̽ԭ
һܹǵóѡ

뵱ھŽеħһ򾡣ȫɱԾ󻼣Ȼȴ˵ħҲȻȫǻģֻҪžͿԡ
ҵͬѡ
ǵֱӽħȫɱн鷳£

һҲٷŹϻڣ綼˱Ӱ졣

Լ˾ȥ˽ڣԼŵĵ֪ͨŵˣڽ¡
˵̶֮˵ˣԼϢ
ϻھͨƭǶԿںϻſڣҲˣϻڵź͸ɵĵй˫޹ϵͷ׷׳Բѷⲻû˱ǸƭǳʱҪȥǸħ޵óˡ

ڳҲͬϻڵһεΪǽеŶȥǺϻڱؽΪڶħ硣

ɵ˷׷׽
һ˵ǿϻ̸УǺϻҲħޣôħãҶ֪ҪԼãһǳѵ飬ܹõߣȥһЩΪ͵ģûˡ

һɵĳҲ˵ֻǰһ֮ԣҲ֪ʵԻҪ࿼ǡ

ɣŭ𣬡⻰ʲô˼֪ػ˶ŻЩϢΪֻΪ˰ڻԼϣ磬ҪħޣϣܹǱУɾû뵽Ȼô˽ұɣ

˱۾ۣȷʵĻ
һ˵ҴӲ֪пػǷҪ֪κϢֻҪʩչκɶ޷ӹ˫ۣ

⻰һ˵Ȼ
Ȼķκɶ޷۾

һݣƽȷʵȻܳϣ˵ҪʵʩػҪķѴʯԼҸ˵Ҳʱ֪ʲôʹÿػȥõЩ֪Ϣ
һģҶˡ
Ƿĵõ˺ϻڵϢҿȥܵĳţǺϻߴ֤ܵ˵Ķġ

ٴ̡
ڵĳֱվԴ˵ǵǲźϻħΪʲôȻĿĶһģͲҪٹɣ˷ʱ䣬ֻúϻилɳˣԮʱŶȥˣֱӱϻñӡ

ҽˣħսбħ˹ˣôģﶼгԱǻҪԴСɣ

ЩڻǾŰӽڵİţʼ
ȷʵΪħŲĥޣħѾȫ뱨Ҳˣźϻħ̾͸ˡ

ڳ˿ϻڵķǲһٹƣȴܹʹüıȫ
ҲǸĻᡣ
ֻҪںϻڵܵڲõõܹסϻԼϻڵӣߣͽľУߴˡ

Щʮֲ죬ߴҲˣ
ڳ˵ߴ˺һֱг˵ҲڣԼ˹ǣߣǾͲõĴ򲻹ϻЩŮˡ
ֻҪǿסϻЩŮӣϻӣѵܼڽӶ

ͷȷһð취

˱ȥˡ

ϻ˲֪Ѿ߿е֮

ܵ
ܷһһָԿ˵ߣȥ˽ڣһҪѹȫ֪ǲŲ۸ǡ
Ƕ޸֮֮Ůӣֻܿ߱ˣ

֪нڴʦڣ㺦۸㣿
ܷ
֮ǰǻ͹ҪȢΪĵ£ȥ˻϶۸ġ

ܷ⻰;ÿôô죡

ǰ⼸ϵĳϼӷ׷Цˡ
ߣ˽ǺϻڣǺϻڵĵӣ˽ɵµġ
ܷŶԴ뽣ڴʦ˫֮һֱΪ˽ڴʦ񡣡

쿴ſԭߺСʦòδ˫ޣ
˵ûС
棬СʦõΪǵúܿ졣
ֻһϣָ

Ȼ߷ģСʦǲ뽣ڴʦֽɵµġ
ţ
˵Ǻϻڵӣ֪֮˫ֻķֻ;ϻڵһСʦϽڵӣҲֻҪѣΪ˳Ϊĵ¡

Ǿֻ;ʵܷ𾪡
С˵ϻھǱһĴڣҵ˵ϻڵ.аֻˣͻṴˣڿǰ˼ҿ˾ֻ
ֲ֮ǰʱǸʲôԱҲǺܻӣ֮һ˼ԭԭ

ܷΪϻںԩϻѵţΪʲôҪϻڵҥ
Ҳ˳źϻĻ˵ԵģߣһֻǸʲôڴʦֽΪ£ֻĹͶѡ

⻰Цһɫѿˡ
һֱԼԸϣΪֻǰԼͣ

ܷ֪ôˣǹֵֹġ
ģ룬²͸

Ҳˣܵϻߡ

֪Ǹմܵڳײ˰ڲµ޵

һŻ棬Ҫ֮пͻȻһߣضһ
ˮĻԣ

ɫ̳ͽ
Ȼ˵࣬Ͳòߴ

Լߴ޲סϾ˼ȴƵƵܷڵķȥ

̳ҼЦԿ˵ڻпտŮˣȻںϻ汻ͿӺģΪ½˵Ҳˣ

ߺ޼Ӵ󹥻ȣÿ޷˼

ܷߴˡ
ܷԭĵغʹ˵źϻڴǰЩᣬ˭뵽һ߳ܵȻȺߵ޵ã

̳Уббɳڽĳӽϣһƫһδعĺϻڵӹһ١

ٴջУܷǰǰ˲
Լûз֣ĹȺϻ˶Ҫࡣ

ϻڴӻὫص˫ϣܷͿǽص˹ϡ
ܷܹоԼĶԶתÿһ춼ʶͨ˫Ƶᴿ
õ䲻ǳʹõҲǿһ׽ǽˮֻ˵Ķ˼Ӧԡ

ܷ˶ߣ˲һְ㡣
ʵܽˣȴЩ²֡

һ룬Աߴϻڵӵʹ
ܷתͷȥͿŮһѳϻڵӣ

ܷһҧȻĳ뽣ڵӵĽײڵӵĽ۶ϣҲɳȥ³һѪ

˲ſܷţڵΪȻ򲻹ܷ𵤳ڣ
ΪʲôܷÿһλЩ޷Ӧԣ

ܷûйעԼһԼΪߵˡ
˻֮͵طɵϻڵߣŮһ

һŮԪӤΪһϣһܴٲô
ֻҪסˣȥǾӮˣ

ܷԽ棬ܹоԴԴϵĳȡ 
ĶԽԽ죬ԽԽʹҲԽԽ飬𵤵ĹâҲ˼֣

ȥ޷֧ţ
һκҳ³ǵãʮֿơ
ҪǱôһʱ䣬ܷһ뵽ʶ뵽ֳһһߺŮһߴߣҪͿˣһ᲻ᱬը

⻰ģеϵĶסһ˲䡣
Ͼڳϴܵʱ򣬶Ǻɱģû˴ŴŻҪԶ򱨸棡

⻰֪ܷʲôˣǲ⣬ܷһɤӣԼʱ̵á
ԼܷߣҸЩ

̲סŭһǾǣҲҪŹԹŮ




41.   41    ð

ͬŭĻŮӦ塣
ԭſܷһ, Щɬ
ʱܷĶԻɬǧɱӡ

ֻĳЩƷױȽϺõ, Ϊ˵űȽ
һƷ׶ȽϺã˵óġ

ܷѾӿ˶ٶ
֮ǰؾ, Ѿ̰, ڻصϻ, ſ

ӦֻѪӿ, ˫ۺƱʲôɱ, ȫ޷ǰľֻ֪, Լһɺ⣬ǹɺڸɱǰ, ɱǰˣܹԭӦûõУ

Ĺøݣ
ܷѾǸþ׷ܷ
Ȼֻܷǽڳ, ϾҲǿ̳Ľڳߣﻹ˫Ƶӳɡ
һųһһ̵ҧһڣ̸оӿ̱鲼ȫ
תӦĳ

ܷͨղŵ£һص
ԭΪڴ򶷵ʱ, ᱻӰ죬ڿˡ
ǼȻΪԼͿĶԻתôһעǷҲᱻԼȻ֮Ȼ󵽣

ܷٴεסӦ΢΢ʣµĹӵ˫һһĨȻʮЦ⣬˫˸ִ
촽΢ó˶Ϸжѵļʮ֣㡫һʹˣ㡣

ӦĶһ˲ĳɣһεĹƣı֮ǰҪһЩ

ܷˣ
ϻڵĵʲôȻǵȻ֮
ΪʲôһҪ÷ЩӲӲ

̰ߵˣȻһʮʮʮ

˴ԶܿطɫƣĽ۵ż
ѽ磬˼ҵˣ
ǺǺǣܵܣ㿴ͽ˫𣿡
λʦ壬ū˽۵Ƥˡ
㣬Ҳ۽㣬㣬ѽ
λãýɺã

˵Ķ󲻷ŮǱҲõ˴
˹ͷˡ
ɵĵҲǹͷˣرЩδϻڵӵߣֻǼʹϻڵӣȴδ棬ֱǴ۽磬ƲסĶ

ǾܷڳڵߣȻҲܹؾƣӦòֲ١
ܷǼʶ˺ϻŮӵֲȺŮ˵ãʱǵ񣬾Ҳסѽ

ԱߵļλҲǰĳסˣȻԾڣҿԷ׷̲סĿǱߡ
ǰֲ֮ͲЩŮô˲ĶҺ˫޻ܾΪ
촽³ӣҴӮ㣬Ҿȥ㿴еǸŮضζܹסĻꡣ

⻰̴ֻ̼ŭȻ𣬰Щмܲס

ڴʱϻӸ
ԭѾ˺ϻ⼸˵׼Ͼſŵŵɲ٣Ǻϻֻ˼ԼǴļΪ̫ߵĵӡ

֪ǿһĻǵš
ѽǰôֻ֪Ҫ˫޵ʱʹȻ֪֮սʱʹá
¿ЧսʱʹȻ֮õзʵۿۣ൱ǵʵ

OЦһŸʲôȥԣסˣϾҲ

ϻڵȫ˹ȥ
Ȼսͳĳ

һϻŮ˦ˮһǰҧﻹݣ磬ĪҪ۸ңҪʲôҶӦ㣬ֻҪĪ۸Ҿͺá
ߵͣ¶Ȼ֮Ӱ죬ľګұ׾Ҫʲôԣ
ϻŮһˮȥһΣ
ߵɳȥݺڵϣ

ⷨӿԲˬ
ֵܹסϻ˵Ȼ֮

ǰϻڵȻ֮ڹߵʱʹãֻ˫֮ʱʹá
ʱǵȫȥֿ˵ܹȻ֮Ӱ졣
߽Լȫ˴ϣȻ֮νǷʤ׷С

O߿źϻڵĵӣһµĴ򶷷ʽ֮ҲͣóԼɱսУ
ûʹȻ֮ΪΪѾ㹻ߣ㷨ϱͬΪҪһЩ˵Ϊߣ

һ˲䳹ת
Oĺӳ˷׷׵أ޷վһǺˣ

ĴҴܣʮǱ
ȻΪԼˣŭ𣺡Ǻϻ˽ħãΪУ
վɱҲ޷ıʵ
ɺߣὫǺϻ߻ΪħޣӴ˽Ǹħ磡

⻰䣬ͱϻı˺ݺڵϣѪ岻Ծ鴤
OЦһǱİ˵īͬĻ𣿡

˫͵
īһϻ˷ˣҲڵĳϣڵĵλɱ֪˶١
֮ǰϻҰΪīڱչء

ֿȳѪһ˫Ѫ˫O˵īͬͬôڱչأѵܽ

һ룬ǿѹ
ԱߵİҲԼˣ͵ĺ롣
һȺˣȷʵܹͿ֣ٶһīͰҲûˡ

͵ͣ¹ſſзˡ

ܷҲתͷ˿ֻǸ˿źʮң࿡OߣOһ̲ˮ
ܷ֪˾ʦã˵֮ǰչҲΪʦ˫֮Ϊ

ֽܷŲ˻䵽ڵϵŮϡ
Ϻŷվߣ΢üͷŵϵӦ壬ԭΪ£û뵽ҲȺ˻һ𡣡
Ϻüͷøȥǵ߻ħɣ֮ǰȣڵҲ̫ħˡ

ܷҲ֪ô¡
ĳ֣ıԭ򣬿ԭֻһڻңҲÿûȥӦ嵷ңӦ˵ӦǸ˳˳ˮ
Ϊʲôиأ
ӦľûиıһֱܼᶨΪҲһ·ˡ

ܷ̾˿ٿӦ壬ϺһصOߡ

ʱһѪһOī˵Ϻħӵ¡

Ϻɫһû뵽¾Ȼᱻ¶ȥ
Ϻ˰죬ȴǲ˭ǡ

ϻţҪ˵ƽҹϵжгȴҲһͱѩһֱܷҲĵ֮϶ƽϵ̫á
ֻҪǶ⣬ǳеˣҲŽһ¶⡣
ⲿЩ֮󣬴ٳܴܣҲǳ¡

ԼɻOڲͽһʲô˵ķǡ

OҲͬΪԱߵī˵ͷ֪ͨɣЩҪغϻʣ׳˺ϻڲܡ

˷׷ī𣬺ϻڵȥõģ
˺ϻĳЩӣץУűϻڵǿɶ
ЩǱϻڵҩЩҩĥ

ȻϻڵӸޣĶ뵽ϻ֮·һ˭ҲФ롣

īȴͬˣO˵ʳԵңֺ޺ۼڲܵҲҪ

ڵˣܶЩ߷׷׿ڡ
֪֪ô֪Ϣģ˵ػ˺ϻһӵ꣬ͨ۾Ͷ䣬˿Щ

OһЦ޵˫ɿ˵ڵˣζҪڵģ

˵е鶼ǰô׷Źţ

ðī𣬾Ȼͬˡ
þһ˿ħ֮أѵҪħ޵ĺӣ

OۿŰǵȻУ㲻Ѿ֪Ҳû˵ϡ
Ȼ˵ħ֮ûΪǼ꺢ͯСҺϻڵӵѪǲܽ
˱֤һ˲к飬ĴһһΪУΥġOתͷԱߵīīɱҡ

īüͷ壬ȴû˵Լᣬֻ֮еʹ޷ӡ




42.   42    ˫Ƶ

ī, һЩŵ¡߳ϡ
OϺϻħ޵ã׷𾪣ЩΧ˺ϻڵĵͬ뷨, ȻħãҲܷŹ, ɱ׵İ취

ɵO˵, īҲĬϴӦO, ǸӻߺϻΪ¸в, īҲŹOԼϻڡ

, ϺǸӴӺϻڴҿ˿
ǣźӵ֣վں, úӿԼᶨ˵ûκΪԺõ, Ϊұ֤ҲвʲôԲ£Ӳĸ֮, ɴҴ

屻Լĸ֣ȻСҲôӴ磬ôҲһ˰ˣ֪һжΪζ
ܵĸ׵֧֣ߺϻ˶¶һᱣͬڵ飬һ˲䣬ԼҲӦվ

һС, ˫ֽȭͷŲŹЩǣ۵˵Ҳ£

ȻһЩɵ߸źϻںСкĻīվȻϻԼϺ˶Ѿ˵⻰Ϻ˵Ҳ֤Ǿǣգ⺢ĳΪвҽһվ

īO֮Ĺϵȫ綼֪ȴûīΪιϵΥյĳŵĵλǷǳֵεġ

ǣɵ˱ǰԼЩѾ˵ĵӡ
٣һ·Ѿ飬ʱ֮󣬿ϻΣ𣿶ҹǴȥҾԲǡ

ϻһǽⳤҲΪѾ궼û߹ˣˣôϲڣΪܲܲǸɴλҺϻڸҵ¯ˣοЩ˵

ڵǸȷʵѾüûͻƿֱӱOһӳվϻĻŭģ³һѪݺŮ䣬Ĺϵô㣿

ȷʵûϻ֮ǰʮЩɳϵģϾǰεģûЩɳ
ʼϽλþһܡ
Դӽϻ֮󣬾ԽԽ棬ԽԽԭĿӵԼҲ׷ɣЩ꽣ھ͸ˡ

ⳤ˵˻֮󣬽ȴû᳤ϵĻǰһźϻ˵˵⻰ɵ棿ǵ棬̾ʹ˽ϻһס

ǰǧȰɣòײ˵Ľͷ

ܷ˿Լֿ˿ٻͷڵ޿ŮͻȻðһرõ뷨
Ů˲۸ԭ֮һɱ̫ˣΪһ㣬꼰ķǳҡ
ܹѽڹã۵ķһƬгŮͻ˳ܶѽ
Ů̬Ѿˣǻٱ裬߻ħˣⱾôӴ

ܷС鲽ϻǰսԸҧ䡣
ϻĻ֮󣬿һۣСʦãɵʲô
ܷһתΧҪǽڵĵȫҪĻҲǺϻǰô鷳ѽ

ϻȻ֪ԼСʦþǴʲô⣬СʦѽֻҪСʦҪģԺϻûʲô𺦣Ϊ֮
ߵǰ˹ָ

ϻ˵Сʦø˸⣬⽣ѽû˱ʺϵˣҲû˸ȥλãʰ̯ӣűɵ㣬вǣ㲻ˣҪϻڸҵ¯ˣңԶһλãߣǾ͵һЩʲô𣿡

˫һһð취
вĵǲҪҪǣһ⽣ķԼ뿪ϻڵ¯Ҳ

֮ںϻСסһʱ䣬ЩȰҲûãǺϻߣᣬһͷ뿪

īҲǱչ;˳ŷҲˣЩʱٻȥչҲУȴָˣϻ黹࣬æأʱ㣿

ܷǳˣЩΪʲôԺϻĳޣһֱ˵ʲôϻһаħɡ
⽣ڳϣԼ֮صӣ˭ҲǺϻʲôаĹЩԺϻڵ˳ԡ
İǺϻڿɶֻǰЩﵱ;ѣ
Щ˶̫ѣֻкϻڵĵӲ˼ѵĴء

֮Ļ
γսĵŵӣ϶ץ˺ϻڵĵΡ
ʣµΪ̣Щҹ뿪ţһҹ֮ʧֻһռӡ

µĵӻ֮Ҳܵ˴Щ˴඼˽ǰûš

Ϊĳ֣ȻϻѾģһǲܷģ֮󣬺ϻڱȫŶǳעɡ

ڶںϻڵĵ˵ʲôҪĴ¡
Ǹո˭ͳˣˡ
ܷǣĵˡ

ս֮ҪԼĶչء
ܷòԼȡһȨ棬ܻܲԼĶչأ
Цأ

ܷѾõıʶðɺðɣǾߵĶչغˣߣұչسɲ֮ǰҡ
֡

֮ܷԹԵرչȥˡ
ûĶҲرϰߣСѾͷȥչˣССѾͷ¸ҲͦõѽôģԼѪ
΢˫ۿſȻֻҵĲ²⣬ôССѾͷܷĺأ

Ƴ˺һۣɴ˫ǰ
վ𣬱ڷתתȥﻹͣ߶߶Ҳ˵˯˵ǸϻڵӣܷͽڵǸʦֵûйϵ
ڲ޽ڴʦֵϢ
ȥôˣˣ
ˡ

ʶԼ˵˻æõؽͣǸʲôȻϻ¯öкüСѾͷԴӻصϻ֮󣬾ûҹˣԾǶְ
ЦһֻǺϻ;Լ˵ġ

΢飬˼תٴλȻ˵⻰Ϊ֪Ѿ֪˰ɣ
ÿɷ

͸߿ɲ˭˯ģպΪδȫָ˫ޣ˵ػ۷أ

ھ͸Ǳˣ
Ϊܷ̾˿⺢ʲô˿Сɵģһ˼ûУ⻹ǧԸĨ
Ŷ
ҿǻԾԼҲҪ£ܷ档
ʵ̫Ӵ

ܷԴȫȻ֪㻨һʱ䣬ŽڸЩȫ
ΪҲﵽ˽ڡ

ճصʱϺǶš
ŵһ˲䣬ܸоΪΪеġ
ܷȴݣһŵŵؿſˣֻС̡

ŵ޵סˣô£
OЩһֱæ˸㣬ߵѪ

ʺԽԽ࣬ߵѪΪʲôСʦ
OСʦþǵ˯˿ǸϻڵӣҲ֪Ϊʲôᵮ¿ѪСʦԼ֪Ѿ֪ݣҲ˽ǲҪ¡

Сʦ˵ںһûз쳣Щżⲻ۸Сʦ𣿡
Oȴ˵⵹ҲһҵǾÿʱҪһЩСʦС֪ʵ鲻һ³ʲôǰܹӷʱ֪ʵ飬ҲͲôˡ

һҲǡ
Щ߶СʦʵͦģҲû۸Сʦá

ڣΪܷĻʲôС̣ĺôǼ̣
ܷӣǾ˳ô˵
Ŵⲻصصǻˣ

űܷˣʲôõǵģѾôˣȷʵǻεʱ򡣡

ܷ죬˿ΧˣԼѽĻ˵϶һ
ָָĶӣͣգ۾ʹɫ

۾·һգҲûֶʲô˼ָԼĶӲףԼȥأ
ɫһ˲˸͸

˿֮ڴʲôԣϻûʦ۾˿ȥǿһֱڸСʦɫʵٿ֮ɫ仯֪Сʦһֱ
Ҳ֪Сʦʲô

һץǸصԼ䣬䶼һ磬Ʊչȥˡ

Ҳ棬߹ȥܷÿʲôȥˣɫҲ̫ѿˡ

ܷҡͷһ뱣סԼأôܸ㣡
ˣңҸö౦ָĶ
ܷΪҡͷ

ֵҴȥժٴȥԺóԵġ
Ƿˣܷͺڡ
ܷЩĶһ뵽ŭӣˡ
ҲԼİ취ŲӾͳſ亰ߣҰ㱣ܣ֮ԴȥԺóԵ𣿡
֮ʺ㱾ҪȥĳʲôóԵѽ

һתˣȥ

ܷ䣬ֿû˽ƵĿš
ıߵϺߣأȥҳ档

Ϻ˵ҶأҲýȥ϶ܸˡ
ܷ˵һ¡

תȥ˿䣬Ľ磬ǿͨġ

ԭΪҪԼǰԼ
ȴֻܷڿϵһһɨգͱıˡ

ܷ뿪ıӰ˫΢У֪Ϊоһŭ
ǣԼãȥ棬е˾ǲܸɡ




43.   43    齻ᡭ

ܷȻһլŮ, ûκһլŮԸԼһլڼʱ򣬻һ໤˴ڣһֱԼܶ

Դܷ, ɱյС񣬿ֵ˶ҪƮˡ

ϺĶ, һԺĳ, ̹ȥͷ, Ϻ, ܲܲҪԺộ㿴ͷȫǺֻǸѽ

Ϻܷ̾˿, Сʦ壬Ϳɱ㶼ء

ܷһ߸ĳ, һ߰Լոҿ곤ḻѽ

ܷԳ˵ȥɽϪˮɣкǲǶϲֻ

Сüͷ, Сʦ棬Ҳϲ㣬ҲϲɽѣȻٶȻ, һñ׻Ժܱˡ

ܷĿڣЩܲˣʲô˼õĴѽ

ϺһЦʵСʦ壬ܳ棬߲𣿡

ܷǳ϶˵Ȼ, ҪæҺòײЩգԺúõһ棬Ϣһ£Ҫݽ

ϺһɵӣЩģСʦ壬Щ뵥㡣
Сӣ˼ˡ

Ҳǳ£֪ЩԼתȥ

ܷߵϺߣʶסϺʲô˵ѽҪôصġ

ϺҾСʦ壬ǿŵߵĺӰɣ

ܷ˶ӲˣȻžԼ̫ûн䱸ˡ
ձչسڡϺ棬Ͱ˫Ƶ˿
ʱΪ˫ƵΣ޷õεǳżԺ˵ʱ

ֻ֪˫ƵԼͿĺӣϺֻ֪Լкӣʲô֪ӦҲ֪ˡ
ںӦǺͿһֻ֪ǸǿģԼǺǵıķ

ܷ˵ͷ¶һĨεЦ
Ϻ̾˿ʼ˵߻᲻Ҳ֪

ܷǳţܣԲ֪֪ڻվǰ

Ϻ΢һ߾֪أֻûи֪

ܷرţҲɹû֤ݣ϶²ӵĸ׻ô󵨣һֱߣ뵽ܷô󵨵𣿡
ڶҺͽڴʦ֮أϴһܵŵʱЦҡܷͷͷǵżʱ򣬻˵ҵ˺ǵĸףһѺĸ
֪Ǻӵĸףô˵Щ𣿡
ǿͱѽ

ϺΪ
ʱԼҲͦߣСʦôֿɰСԼҲϷŪһ
һ룬СʦǶȷʵҲûôԿ컹ˣҲ֪ʲôȥˡ

ܷϺһ֮ȥطι䡣
˵֮ǰ̫ؾ֮һֱԸûлϸϻڡ
ŷ֣ȫŮӵŰرƯ

ĴݴҸֲر¡
ľУвٵĵЯУһ·Цٻ⣬ǸЩ羰˷ɡ

ܷһСɽϣɽһͤӣͤʮλϻڵŮӣһ졣
ǿܷЦ֣СʦҲѽ飡

ܷȥͿȺеѩ
ѩûбţ˼صĳͷʮڲȡκ
ԹԣԴͨ͸֮ˣһжԼܣˣΪء
Ͼ棬ĸΪľкܴĹϵ

ܷ߹ȥ̴ԼĴʰ￪ʼʳȻǽ飬ôûС죿һ߳һģ

ѩϵİ̺ڣЦȴȴǰÿҿСʦ壬ƭǵԡ
ȻԼҲȡ˲죬ܷûмġ

ܷһɣζ˱Ƕˢһ¾ˣȻԳԣҶþûгԹˣ

ԱһλŮ˵ѩʦȥСʦģ׼Сʦ͹ȥأû뵽Сʦˡ

ѩҲѿ̹ЦǰҲԣҼСʦʣôʦԲŻСʦ壬Сʦȴû˼ǺңңҲ֪ҺСʦľĸط
֪Сʦ壬ȻѾٹȣȻ̰죬Ծ͸˺ö졣

óһĺӣ򿪺֮ɣ͹ܷɴ˫ۡ
ܷҲûллҸȥʦһҩ㣬ϵİȥɡ

ѩҡͷ˵ã̻Զסж޴СʦҲõģ̣ҲԾܹԵǧߣȫΪҵȹ³

ܷĵĹƣҾرãǰƯˣ

֮󶼹Цˡ
һŮӵҪղŵľСʦ壬ոѩʦں˵ͷĶء

ܷ̰ڳԹȺڵҲԸ˫𣿡

һӸ͵ǲԸΪ˺Щȥһޣ궼ûĶЩױϵ˱ʱľ⣬Ϊ̫ͣ˫Ҳûʲôôǲſء

һ˵ѽֵܹסǵջ󣬶˵ҲΪģϾǷǳĥľأ

ܷȻͷ
￴˼ҺϻڵŮ仰Ͳԭ˵

ѩ㿪ʼ
֮ǰҲû˵̫࣬ܷˣͷʼ˵

ʼ޶ΪĸȻ󹴴ĥԼԣΪʮѸ١
˾ȻҲѣʱɵɣǴӶԷҲѧһЩ顣
ĳһηޣޱ֮µףǡñĴѩ
ʱޱ߻ħأơ
ɾǸ˵ҩҲѸٻָҪҩתҵ

ȻǾ˫һ¡ѩûı飬ͨ˫޵ķʽҰյҩҵԭҪʮָܹƣڶ̶һµʱͱκˡ
ԼҲһ˫Ķ࣬Ϊߵڡ
ȻҲƽʱԵйϵ
Ҫĵطһ˫޵ʱҪľҪ֪ƽģܹ塢תյ㹻͸ôʱ򣬾ܹ֮תﵽ۷壬ܹ߸ΪԸ˴õĸܡ

ܷ
ΪѩΪһξ鳹ױŮգ˫޵Ĺ̽üΪϸ
ǰߣĹѩ֮һ
رѩ˵ʲôʱͬһܹ;á
ֻܷĴȫˡ

ԣΪʲô߾Ͳأ
ܷ̾˿Ȼ˺֮вβѽ
˼ҷޣǰի𣬵һ˫޶ܺѩɲһ

ѩἰ˷ߵĲ֮ͬҪܹô˴˫޵ЧﵽѵȵȾ
ܷ̲סóŮһʼǡ
ѧʱûôŬأ

꾭֮ܷһЩ棬֮м֮˫޹𣿡

ϻڵŮǶ򣬿ʼԡ
ǰԻѧϰ飬ȫҪأ

ԴˣѩҲڷ֮棬һֱԸң˵޷ȴ˽˫ޣ֪ӦλصɣҲ֪Լδ

ѩҡͷʾͬԱҲӣԻЩ̫ȶ

һ˵ЩŵĵӶ˫¾Ϳ̫Ҫˣ˫һΣǶֻ࣬ѽǺ˱ԣ߱չأֻȥؾһģֺοཫ¿̫أ

һҲͷʾͬҲǺܵЩңҸߣһǧ꣬˭һ˹һѽ
ԵѽҼǵСʦҲԽڴʦ˵ҪǵĶȫϣǲΪ˭ͣġ

ܷ
˵ôĻȻҵʱҲԭӦò
ϻڵŮǶÿŶ

ܷ²ЩǾݣͻȻ;úÿġ
ϲŮǶѡ
Լһ˼ܷ
ֲԭ߲ôἰϻڣϻںԭΪߵС˵۾Ͳ̫

ܷ˺üʱİԡ
һŮ˵С˯ֵֵܶΪԼŮӵΨһֵ־ȻԼֵҲԼ׼һȣΪĿɳ𣬴֡
Ǵ˺ЩŷŮѾˣѰҵʱ򿴵ŮӵұһŮҡͷȻǾȥˣ˵ƺ쳾֮󣬵Ǹʺ޷Ϊ֪֮ǰ˶١

ܷȥ·ϻЩ£;Լľֱֵһᡣ
ԭΪԽⱾ˯˴ɣ˴ɵĺӣѾһǳ飡ⱾŮû˵ľԼḻ
ֻ֪ܿܿеһֻϡ

صܷͿһǰһʮɫ˫ƵЦȥ蹻ˣ֪ˣǣ㻹ʲôأҲƽƿǳ㲻͸ϻڵĵӻǶˡ

ܷͻȻ־Լʵġ
ɰԴ£Ҳ˭
֪һڶԼﲻˣ̹ȥ¶ĵЦݣ߽أȻҶɵĶȹһ磬СҲܵõôõĺǻƽƿǳûߣǿôӴ
ôƨϺ
ĽᣬѾ˵ˣˣľǺƨ

Ȼɫ΢һЩ´ηʱ㲻뿪

ܷЦõ
ƨЧҲ㲻رá




44.   44    ħ

Ȼ֨֨ߴߴܷĶѾ, ûпȸҪܳʱ˳
ܷչһ£Ѿ֨֨ߴߴ㹻
֮ʱķ˫Ƶ˵ǷǳҪġ

ܷڿǴ, ʶԼĴ
ְڼȴȥƵ, Լȷʵе̫ˡ
ȻͿ֮, Ƿ޹ϵ, ڹͬʵ

ǵڶ, Լ, ܷԱ߰£ͳһ, ۵Ŀ˵ߣǲҲϲҸѽ

ʵСֻʳء
СֻڵܷҪǵʳ֨֨Ը, ڵ涯˶ߴߴ̺
֨֨ҵӣ

üǣһܳˣ
ȻʾܷϿιһš

ܷһ, ͵ߣȴڿ׽ľ룬۾ڿ棬ʼУ߷ʱҲѽΪ˱ܹ˳߿ɷѿأô, ԸĵмأԱǿ϶رԸ⣬Լϲʳ߳ԡ

˵꣬Žι
СҲˣߴߴر˵Ե㡣
ʱһȻζ
Ϊܸ֨֨һء
ӵʱ򣬲Сĵָܷͷ⣬ӳԽȻر

ͷ
ܷԹӡ
ŸΪ˶ʮţܷС˵ʣˣ߻Եģһء
¿ˣ֨֨Ƣء
ܷԼޣȻԼȻҲǷǳĻǴأ

˵ԼһһʳͣѩԼöʳͺͿһɣҲء

óѩԼǸʳУһһ򿪣ɡȫչʾЩ⣬ʲôԵģܸңҸã

˵ãԼ԰ɡ
ô̰ͼڸ֮ҲǸղź֨֨Զӡ

ܷȴһҪչʾԼǿóһɣٵǰ˵һҪһôԹóԵˡ

ͻȻЩԼǿбԼΪҲԣջȥ
ܷΪʲôѽҪѺöҲ˶ѽ

á
ܷ̾ðɣȻ㲻ԣҾͲˣȳӴ

Ϳ˰ʱĳԲ
벻ͨΪʲôѾߵܷȻ˳ڿڸ֮
Կڸ֮ٹȱٵòףȻΪ

ò׽ķʱ̻ΪΣ˫Ƶݸܷӻֵ߰ɡ
ܷټط̲סܷ
Ҳ֪ÿܷܷǻڳһίίӡ
Ҫǣ֮󲢲һЧ
ܷ̬һֱǣ֪ˣ´οܻٷ

ܷҲطˣŵı߳䡣
ȻͿԺͳһ塣
⻹ܷ֮ǰ̸ǵġ

ܷŵ߹ȥǣҲҪ棬˭˫Ƶ棿
ЩɬĺҺɡ
ЦһСΪСѾͷлСѾͷ𣿡
ܷ˵Ҳܿİô㲻ѽ


ܷ˫Ƶ壬˵϶ѽҪеͷ
Լİ﷭һʲôҶģ
ܷԭҲ׼һǺȴ˵ҲһŹӣ
ܷ˳ӣǿɢϢʵҪʲô

ЦЦˣҪңڿķͿʲôأΪʲôҪǣ
ܷ֪Ը⽫Լ߱ˣϾȸ˵ȥЩ̫
Щ۲ؿǿ

֪ô죬ӷ߳Ȼվܷ󣬶ܷ˵Ӧٸ롣ڷʲô£ɲֵֹһ

ܷ̾˵̧ͦͷ°˵ټڷ飬һﹻ

ЦˣִԼĴ﷨óȻԼǰܷ˵Уһ֡
֪Ͳܷһ棬Ҫָܷ㽭ɽ
ѣβͶըˣִԼĴ﷨ͳҾͲˣ

ʮѣ߷뿪
֮ǰ֣ԺҲˣһ𣬼ֱֻ껹Ҫթ

ܷԼǰʮͷſ¶һõЦݣҺͿԼ´ٺģ
ĵͷܷ̫û־ˣʮͺôġ

Աߵ˫ƵͳҲ÷ǳġ
Ծͷǳмɣܹ˫ƵӮúгɾ͸С
Ȼ˫ƵѾΣҲԾһʮɫĵڳ档
֨֨һڣ˷·ܹǿ˫Ƶĵģ磬̫ˣȻˡ

֮ĳƺȫģҲûǡ

彫Լǰŵ˫Ƶǰ̧С˫ƵĵǣһĨɬЦ⡣

ܷ쿴ǣҲвͷء
ͷ˵֨֨ߴߴ˵ҪСʦ׬

˫ƵȦܷǰߴߴȵ𣬡Ǹ׬˺ö
ܷ̱ڻ࣬Ҳ̫˰ɣȻ֪׬ôã

û뵽С׬
СһֱǳĶġ

֮Ҳջһ졣
ֻǿ˺һֱ֪ܷͿÿڷʲôɽ첻˲ƣѹںϻҹ䡣
ŹţͿϺһڲʲô
߹ȥʡ

ϺЦŶ˵ߺãڲþá
Щ棬ʲô飿
Ϻ˵ħ˫޵ľ顣

һʱ
˵ǺϻڵĻ

ߵģ漴뵽ʲôٴͣ£ͷϺ֪ܷͿÿڷŶڸ𣿡
ϺǸҡͷȷʵǺ

ֻȱȱ뿪

ûһ˵׼ܷҲſæ
һβμӹһŮԷ֯СͷᣬŹٷ֯ܷ͸ǻȤ

ѿǰ˵ûʲôҪ߰æѽ
ЦͲͷߣֻǲãԼɡ
һŮЦǵϣСʦܹǷһ£ΪԼ˫ޣӦעЩʲôأ

ܷ̰ȾܣǲҪˣҺ֮ʲôûء

¿һվԭأ޵һĨζЦ⡣
ȻЦ⣬۹ɨֳˣһ˽ҲФ̽׶ģ

ϻŮӶʱΣ˽¶ãܷԸ˵ĻӦǲģϾܷҪ˵ء

죬ϻŮһ׼ֳãһ߻ҪԱץİڵǽ̿򣬼

Ȼգȴͣ˻𣬡ħħ
ǵȴûԭĵ⻰Ҳðһ𣬶ʱԼȥ
֮ǰΪ㣬ǻ˵ħˣǴһΣǿĻҲûˣ

ֻر
ʵһĸоûдġ
ΪϻڵOԼϻڼңԶڳīҲͬʱܵһ˿޵ħ

߾ͬʱҲ˼һ˿ħħǱߴģǱħޣֻǴӳϴģ

ͬʱħ硣
һħ޻źɫĻ棬ǰѷ£һĨЦ⡣
Цڰ˶ˣǰħĽ糹ƻɱ磬һҪõЩ˸صĴۣ
ħҲֵֹЦɱ磬ɱ磡

λħ޻ԼŷȥϢҪϽߣߵǲ㱻ȺΪʿ̻У϶һȥ𣡡

ħħڣħħŨħɽϡ
ŽԺɫΪʹħħҲ˱
ħǿɾħеʤء

λħ޻صħںһ·ϲͣ˽һҵħЦǸڱҳһ죬˶ãǵϾͻ᳹飬Ҳûʲôֹܳȥ磡

ħ˫ɫ·ֻͫʣһۿȥ־塣
˻ƣƱʲôһ㣬ֻ˵֣á

һ΢΢üͷѵһ϶̽ԼʶоһرҵϢ
ħȻǵϷǳԶȴҲܵˣħӵˡ

ħħһħ̳ˡ
һħãȴаĴڣҲʺħǸˡ
κεĻ¶ȻӲԼΪκεĻɡ
ֻľ˲ţܹħħĹɱ˲գۣ߱Ҳڻ¡

һ˫һ
˵ħҪһͽ¿ЩҪʲôħ޿

ħһѸٴٴηϽ紦ҽħӵϢħ硣
ħΪ֮Ϊ˿һϣ˱ǰĹ
Ҫȥӭǵħӡ

ϻڣOǰ
O޽գ߷ϵΣʶʿˮ
Ožһӳڰϣᣬ𣿡

ڵϹȦ˿˲ըѪ
O˶ָ⣬±ӣл˵ҿûôʱ˷ϡ

ָ֪ħˣںϻڣħǱߴġ

O
ȻʱܵħҲǴ




45.   45    ⲻǿŮĵط

ϻڵĵ˵, ħǱߴħǷħϽ⡣
һ׼ӭսӦħͻȻϮͻ״, һϺٰᡣ

ħ޶Ǵɱģǿ϶Ҫһս, һλһԤһַ, ûɱ, ҲԳϺʦոǷЩ, һ˫޵¡

ʱҲ̽Ѱһ, ǲħ˫ޣȸ˫ҪС
뷨ǳ, Ҳһԣܹһɺӣһ£

īϵϻڵʱ, ľǺϻŮӣȺȥĳ
ܿҵOü֮¶޿κΣϻڻԭģһǵôǰ˫֮, в˲Ƿ

Oϧƫã֪īЩûͨҵĵǿɶ֮˫޾ء

īҡͷԶҲӦ

ȻѯOϴ˫֮ȥչأ棿
Oͷ浹ǲСΪٶ, ȴҲǰôˡ

īҲȻħ֮Ҹʱ˫ްɡ

Oбīһۣ㵹ǱϻڵǺϻڵˣֻ˫ޡ
īؿOһۣ֪Ϊʲô

ȻΪO˫ޡ
OڵΪﹻϸ˫޵ģѾīûмˡ
īǿԿʽԼΪΪϻOֻܹ˫Ϊ
īŬO˫ޣOͻȥˣɲīԸ⿴ġ

īΪε̾һҾǺϻڵ˲޵
һôѪ飬ֻû鰮

OЦһﲻȷħ֪ǺϻڵĵԼȥͺˣˡ

īҡͷҾȥҰ֮ٻ㡣

ī뿪ʱ򣬺ϻڵħ˫޷Ѿʽʼܷ˸λã򣬰ڳһǳӡ

кϻڵ󣬿ͺҲվõĽ֡
ʿ˵ЩǲΪԺ˫׼

˫΢΢֮ǰܷ˫޹һΣһ߻ħ֮Ѿǲ̫ʱ巢ʲô
ǿǷǳŵģ۵һĨ⣬Ժ˵˫޵£Ͳġ

ᵹˣô֪ȸȻô
ܷȻأͿѾǧĽ飬֪ô಻ͬһ档

ϺΪνҲ׼˫޵Ĺ̽÷ǳ
ʱѾħ˫˫ǲͬģһĸоȻ֮󲻾þͷԼˡ

кϻڵʣϺʦ壬ǲǺ˫֮ղĸܺͷӦ˵ԼѾˡ

Ϻûиһ϶Ĵ𰸡
һֻǸ˸оˣеӦҲ֪ҲÿԲοǰķӦ

ܷŵͷȷʵİʱ˫Ƶʱ򣬻ΪԼѾᵤأ˭֪Ƕﴧһŵ

ηҲࡣ
ףΪʲôԭ߲Ըд̫ϻصľ飬Ϊ󰡣ͽǸˣд̫ϻЩ̣߾ԱС˵Ҳܷˣ

߲ѽ
̵ܷطԼѾ¼ħ˫ޡ˫Լ˫޵ؼɡԼ̣Ũ⡣
ĵʱʱʱóϰһ£Ҳܲء

ܷ֪ǣһһ

ͺȺϻһ
ʿҪȥ
˵ȥϻڵĲ󿴿
üͷǲ˴ͼʲôÿģ㲻áҪȥͼ˰ɣ㲻ֱںϻһŮӣҸұ֤ǿ϶ǳԸ˫ޡ

ֻ˺һ۵Ȼ󣬲

ϻڵĲɲֹͼһЩɵĵӣ͸ϻڵӵĸԼؼȵȡ
߶֪ϻڲôö֪ˣһĵط

Щڿ˵ûκ
ֱߵϻڵĸǰȻǰվ
һܵڵĴսȻ֮˺ܴá
ȴһԭ

Ȼںϻڵĵ˵ǸžͱҪѧϰ
ʵǳ򵥣Ϊ𽥾ߣ߱ԼֹϣγɵߵȻ֮

ΪʲôϻڵŮǶѧϰͬһȻǵΪԽߣÿ˵ջ֮ȴ쳣ͬԭ

ֻһЩʱסˣ˵򵥵ټ򵥵
֮ת뿪ˣͺûһ

ܷصԼĶȻ˫ƵԺ棬Լİϣ۾

ܷ֮Ժ˫Ƶһߵ䡣
Ȼһϵ裬̵غһڣʶ
һܷЩסˡ
ôãĿҪÿܶأ

òԭͷǳԽʹ˧طɵ磬ҲܵС
ٺÿ˿ˣϰˣʵҲôĳ
ǽĿΪʲôʱԼô޴ĳ

ܷƿԼߣŸת̲סٴؿϡ

ֱ۾žÿԼûиղôǿˡ
ܷ˿ͰѳֲסԼȥһ߿˫
ѵΪ˷ԭ
Ϊ˵˱˵ĳ̣ԼҲˣ

ܷ̲סСһ졣
⡢⻹ǲ̫õİɣȻΪϻڵĵӣ˫£ԼԽҲûһʱ䣬Ϊ˵˼벻ôת
˫޵£ǵȳ׽ԼǺϻڵ֮˵ɡ
ء

ֻҪһ뵽Լ˼άת֮󣬾Ҫûû˫ӣܷˣҲӿ˲١
ʼܿƵһЩĻ档
ֻΪʲôǿ
У˭ԣС
ΪĲѽ

һθܷʱЩеûģܷ侲ſڵӦù˶ãСľҪƿǳˡ

ܷ˼̱Ťת˫ſС̵ӣСӣ

ҧгݣҪС֡
û˻ܷǸ죬ԲҴˡ
Ǿʲôѽ

˵Ҳ˫ƵֻĻΣӦСӡ

̸ֳܷë޻ƲӲӵСģǿɰѽ
ӿӹ˫ƵڻСҪӴһҪÿɿɰƿǣȻǵȫ硣

֨֨һʾΪȻ
ߴߴǷǳ˵֪ˣһǳŬҲŽһŬģ
̵֨֨˵ʲôأõƽʱҴģ
ߴߴ̵Եأǽңˣ
֨֨ˡ

ܷ̺֨֨ҲǺܸߵӣôô׾ͱøסˣjpmjdj

ЩӣôԼƽʱߵӣ
ôһҲͦɵģô׾ͱԼסˡ

֪˫ƵҪƿǣܷǿģ˫Ƶȥ档
Ǹ˱ģһúϻڵӷǣǲصĺúõģҴȥɽСϪˮ

վ߰ɡ
֮ǰܷԳ˵ȥɽСϪץ㣬Ҳ֪ɽСϪ˵ôô

·ϣܷͣ˵˵ɽСϪ㶼أȻûпǣ˳Ҳܲġ

õģ֪ˡ

˵ţ˸մӵγī
ī𿴼ҲͷкرԿ˵֪ʲôʱлᣬܹ߱һ

֮ѺñǿԾΪģҲԴӶԷķ֮Уѧϰ顣
ͷӦ
īǾҪȵħ鴦֮Լʱ䡣

ܷҲ˵ٴγħ£µԭмعħҪ֮ŷ
ԭУħ޵ĳ֣ҪǸŮ֮˸ĸ»ᡣ
ܷ磬֪鲻صô򵥡
ֻŮӽǣչһŮ֮˷θİ¡
ǵⱾеչ磬κһٶпܸ޴󶯵

ܷЩǣϻڲΣհɣ
īʮֿ϶ΣգϻҲԲǵһΣյš
Ҳ˵ᾡϻڡ

ܷīֻҲ׽ء
ֻԼʦֻǸʮŮ
ǿī

īͿֺ䣬ȥ
ܷ·ϸ̾ϲϺϻڵӵЩ߿ء

˭֪⻰һ˵ڣһ
ܷͷʺţ漴ſͬ򱧲ƽߵŻ˳
ʮĶԿ˵ԺҲҪϲǺϻڵŮŶҶѪ飬ֻ

Խڴʦ֣˯˾ܣ㻹Ը𡣡

ܷ˵ʲôҸڴʦָûʲôѽ
ǱŮ裬ѽҵҲֻء

һΣĳԣȻǾ⻰ʮֿЦ
ܷûɹˣҲ˼˵Լֻ

ܷ˲˿Ц˼ҲԼ⻰Ǻŷֻ˵һǰľԣʵǲֻȫµһҶѡ

䣬ܷ;Լǰһڣ˺ڰС
Ĵߣߣѽ

Աߴҧгݵ˵ͻȻջû

ܷ棬Ҳĵط
ˣⲻǿŮСݵĵط




46.   46    һ

ܷҲ벻ԼᱻؽСݡ
ΪԼͿ֮ĹϵѾȶ, ڿǺõĹ뱣ķ֮Ĺϵ
ǹôԼұķؽС
ѵЩˣҲû˵ߺͽڴʦֹϵðΪʲôҪ潣ڴʦֳͷ

, ܷڶֻһѡǾװԡ
һɵЦ, һ˫ڰ׷ſ, ʾ˵, Ҵ, ԺҲ˵ֻˡ

ָ, °ͣ°ָкܺ, ̲ס΢һЩ
ƺ⣬˵ȻҲŵЦ⣬ֻҪһ, ΪʲôͻȻǸո˵ʲôˣ

ܷһĸˡ
ôáںϻҲôʱ䣬˺üηᣬѾǴԽ֮ǰܷˣ˼ά뷨Ҳһı䡣
˫޲ǲܽܣϾôÿ, ֮ǰһȥؾʱ򣬲С§˿ϼҲӲأһ֪ĺܺá
ֻǿļ
ǵģܷļ

˼ҽǷ˫޾鶼ãԼͱʹ̡Ъ˫ʲôֵڴģ

ܷܾһ뵽Ļ, Լ˵Ļ̲סҲӿˡ
Ͱ͵ƾܣող˵ҪһȥˮôͻȻҪ˫ˣҲǺ˫ޣҾҲӦð˼ϣӦúú÷ӹעСӵĽɳǡ
Լľܾ̫ɴϣ˿ʹ㣬ǿģСŰԼֲһ䣬Ȼҵ˼˵˫ޣֻڲǺʺϡ

СһƬǰա
ɾˣܷҲҽڿϣһ˫Ĵת

ȴһЦЦ֮ǰЩӣԭϻ˵ĶģҵŮҪչ˺ӣֻ˫ޡ

ܷŵɴ˫ۣûУո˵˫޵ ʲôʱ˫ˣ˵ġ

ܷĺڰ΢˫𽥱䡣
һ룬΢΢ɣȻû˫޵뷨ΪʲôҪʩչȻ֮

ֱܷҪԩˣ
иʩչȻ֮ܷæԩ

Ȼ͸оԽԽһȵϢߣ˵һ˲䣬ĶȫܷЩվˡ
βŷӦ˵ûʩչȻ֮ΪʲôŵղͬҲӺˣ㻹˵ûжʩչȻ֮

ܷôᣬûʩչ
һҪһǷʲôͬյ
ȻŵһϢﵭĲľô˺ӵζ֪ΪΣһ˲ǣܷġ

˵˵ƽָ˫ޣţ㻹˵Ҳδͼı죿

ܷʶʿˮֻٶԽԽ죬޷ơ
ѵԼʶ֮ԿʹȻ֮
ɣɣҪС˫

ܷ˫Ƶҡôܺ˫ޣСأ
ܷ˵žˣоԼһգ˵Ұ͵ϺȥˣϺͳඥ׻æչˡ

ôᷢչز
ܷûסһοûֹˡ

֮ǻع
ѵѵǾƶ
ѵӲѾİţСݲŮϣҪѡһеŮαһξ飿
ԭ鲻ǶѾ츲صĸı
Ǿľǿ

ͣܷ벻ԭ
ȻʲôѲǿƭԼģ
ôܣôҲһڻҷʲôɣûɻƭԼѽ
һžɣ

ܷȫûԼһ롣
ԭУŮ֮ЩΪ
ȻԼŮ˳ܣ淴˼ҲڿԼ֮ʲôҲͰԼһķɡ
ӦǾڵңպԼղ˵Ļִ˿˳һСݣһξ顣

ԭУһιŮСݵʱ򣬺ǿŮš
ͽ͵ͨѽ
ҲûʹȻ֮ǿоˣǾǾⷽĻþ
ڿǿҡ
ԭŮһҲûңҹƻĺܲҰɡ

Щ뷨һ˲֮ģȻܷ¶ģǰһſӰڵʱ־ãûúͿ˫޵裬һ˵ڵĻǣҲ˫ޣϾΪ˫ޣҪסһ£

Ĭˡ
òϣһ˲侹ȻЩĶ
Լʮ⡣
Ȼǰ˺ϻڵȻ֮ܷССһ£ûȥԼܷĸ顣
һ̣ʲô˺ˣ.չʾǰ

֪Լܷĸ飬һ˲䣬һ֣Сȫˡ
ܷ͸ЦԽԣ۵ҲڸǲסĶӺȤȻŶһ£

ղûй⣬ܷ˵Щûá
СݱãȻ߱⻹Ҫ谵࣬ȴӪһ컵ա
ȸղŸˮ̲ס촽ϸɬҡû˫ޣֻסһ¡

ڿϣ̱ŴϵЦݵǵ죬졣
ҿӶǿ
ܾңܾңϿܾҡ

ǿȴ˵ǱʹӦ㡣

ܷһʹȥ
ҪǻĳһżҲڵϲͣĥ䣬ָǽץȹڲҷſ

ȻûٴߴǰĿռһ˫֣ܷıƶ
ܷĥ䵽ǰڿ΢ıϡ
ĴκƯɫҲˡ
ܷоԼе㼤ߵġ

ţȻΪβһСײ˿ϣץȹڵҲ˲ſ§ס˿
ȻײƺһܷȻˡ
һ˲ܷ˳ײϵĿĴ

һ˲䣬Щ㱡
δĴȻ
ůĴкʹȻЩ᲻뿪
ȥ϶ġ
һβõĻ䣬ܷʹֿ

ȴֿ̧סĺףǡ
ܷ˫ۣҪѵһ˲ͱжˡ
ҿȻԼת˸С졣
·ÿһ΢΢飬ҲԽԽС

ֱſܷһЦ
ܷŻع

͵һƿ˺üˢһ±ñ죬ɢ
ұ֤ԼҲһ졣

ҿȻЦôӣ
ЦԼˣ

ܷݺݵĿڣȴŭЦ
Ц⣬΢üβãȵϢ

ܷתǸС죬֮ǰܷȫͬһں˺ϻڵĳЩܹܷΪ߸졣
ŴܷԼϢɱ˷һġ

ܷҲٺĿԡ
̾͵£۾ʼϢ

΢ӣ򴽽ǡ
ζǺܲߵҲɰ
֮ǰһ˫ޣԼȫȻûм䣬ʵЩϧˡ

һεϢܷù
ƽʱôŬΪӦڻҪһЩġ
ΪʲôôŬʱСȥղŵ顣
ܷҲҪ

Ҳ֪һΪܷ̫ŬǿǵĹʹ˺ϻڵĹ
ܷȻ붨ˡ

΢΢üܷһӿռУԼȳȥֻСˡ
ֻСƢҲСأԼһֱܷûȥǣ´μ治֪ҪôƢ

֪ճͷֺϻڵĵ쳣ҡ
ŻȻԼܷȻڽӿռ졣
ȻûôʱģԼǸطܷ졣

ץһԱߵĵַʻʲôˣ
ǵĿţƿ˾ȱߣһħˣǰ类ˣħ֮Ѿһɹͨķ϶ȫ߶ڸǸط

֪ˡ
˼Ƭ֮󣬿ֱȥϺ




47.   47    ħ

ħ, ħһ϶Цøа񣬡ħˣ㿴϶Щ߿ֻų, һ¼ˡ
ô£̹ѽ, ѹ˰ĳ, ڿԱˣ

ߵħ߲ͣȺɨ, ջԼĿ, ô˾ۼ, ǳȥ

һȥҲҪǡ
Ҳ˵ȥҲҪ, һ˽ԵҲð
ѾþûгԹˣҵҵʳΪһʲôζ

Ҳ¿ˮ
Ƭ֮, ħ˵Ҫȥ硣

һ룬ħˣôҪǱ磬²̫ס
˵֪ƻ, ͲôĶĵ˺һ϶ħȻٴɱķɱǸֲˬ

һħһħӲħӦȥħӻħġ
һŻȻôôҪˡ

ħۿŽ, ٴζԼһ˵Ҫȥ磬Ǹǵע

ħ̴Ӧ

һֱʮֻֿš
ŵʼжΡ

ⶼǺϻڵĴһǸħ޵ħЩħ޵ĹעЩħ޲ŻѾ˼Ҫƻ磬֮ƿһ϶
ϿīȻõĵӴĻʰ̯ӣҲµĴܹ޵ĺ󷨡
ħǶħϰ꣬ܵѾˣΪ֪˶٣һ͸磬һξ磡

ʱЩ߶úϻڵOīµľ
һЩ߾һжǳġ
ǿǸвħޡ
ԣϻڵ˵ǸӵĴڶ綼Ӱ죬ôǻѡɱǸĺӡ
ھǸǶֵʱ򡣡
úвħޣǲ߳磬īӹ󷨣ǧ궼Ҫ𣡡

һЩЩüͷ塣
ǿЩĵжϻڵˣֹô֪ЩħƿֻΪǸӣǻͲ֪ǸӵĴڡ
ԣǰħսħ֮ĶԹ蹵Ҫ˵ƿΪһսҲпܵġ

ȻЩôܽеЩװ˯ˡ
Щ߾ǼᶨΪһϻڶһ֮ǰħħǵע⣬ħ޲Ż˲ϧۣƿ硣

ʵЩ˵Ĳ²ȻһȫԣȥҲµһ֣Ӧ˵뵽ԭһħƿԵɡ

ħƿ統ȻΪ˸
ǰħսʧأôܾʹ˰ݣ
ڽƿһ˲䣬ȷʵоħӵϢħħӳ磬ٲȡжħӵٱǷ֣ħħӿ¾ͻ硣

ǲŻ˿Ľƻ

ħħǿɲ˶֮ٿսǲŲľӡ
ֻܹͨ˵ķ϶һħĹ˺ѣϰħһһشѷг
˷׷׼Լıճħսһš

ʱҵϺϻOԼī
гҲ

һ߽ãϺ˵ܡǸħ޾Բ֪Ѿе¡

īʵ˿϶𣿡
Ϻ˫ޣˣ˭ʶô֪һһĺӡ˫֮󲻾ãħ֮ͨȫرգʱԼ֪ԼˣҪһУôܣ

Oȷʵ̫ܣͨ߶ԸӵԼãΪħôԼѪأ

īǺͬ˵ҵһֱҪԼãԸĻ

Oһº͵üۣһ˲Щ䣬˵ħ¡

ī̽³˸ղǼϣȻǸħ޲֪ӵĴڣƿͲΪѰҳ塣ͲҪսϣϻҲܸһš

OҲ˼
ϻֱȻˣϺ

Ȼ˿ٵĿ
Oʵܷأһ𣿡
˵ҵĽӶ붨ˡ

Oü
ʲôڽӶ붨˫ˣ

»иҪ顣
OſʵħٴοսΪޣǷҪ룿

Ҫһȥϻڡ
һֱͲ磬Ǻϻڡ

OȻˣϺһźϻڰɡ

䣬OϻԼī뿪ˡ
ҲΪһӣ뵽ħսС

뿪˫ƵĳſڣףһħսΪ𣿡
Ϻҡͷ˵ӦǣӦǸˣͲ֪Ĵڡ
˵ҲֻһħСආħôΪ磬ͷһεħս
ֻڸѣǰħսħʧأħ޵ӣôô׵ķŹǡ

ŵͷ
ȻͷԼĸףҪҴߣҲߣһ𡣡
˵ţֵͷ˿˫Ƶϧ˫Ƶĵǣһһ𳤴Ҷûеȵƿء

˫ƵҲˡ
֨֨˵ߣ˭ϡƿǣǳ󡣡
ߴߴ̵ϡģҲϡģϲ磬㶼Сʦ壡
ܻ֨֨죬ᣬʲô˵ԺҲ˵Ļˣ

óܣһĨЦ⣬ᵽС

ȴʱ֣Իˡ

ʶĴѰܷӰ
СʦڵĻһԼٱһõġ
ûҵСʦ棬߻Цˣܷڣûá

ϺæԳ˵ǾͰûߣֻСʦأ
˫Ƶ˿

˫Ƶһصȥ֨֨ʵ衭ܷأ
չء
֨֨չΪʲôǣǶˣΪʲôҪǶ

΢˫ԼǰʮɫĿȸ˵ΪʲôҪճһûκιϵˣ˵ΪǵĸףѪӦ׽Ҳǡ

֨֨˵ˣ˫Ƶת˰Ȧ
һߴߴڵ㣬ҲҲСƨɶŵ

ڵһƤ
ȻͰ˫ƵսԼӤȥˡ

Ӥ˫Ƶ
̸֨֨Ӥ״Ǹ㲻Ҫٰŵˡ
ߴߴǱȽϵܷܷȥˣ֪ȥǲǱ۸ˣ

Ӥõ񶨵Ĵ𰸣֪ܷûб۸ȷʵ붨ŷġ

ʱħĽ֮һħս
Oīɸעһǿ롣
ħ̱ѹ
һOݺݳһӣڿйȦΣѾһѪܵ˿ڣɫѪ˿

ݺ³һѪĭ૵ħ˲֣һսǲûʤ㡣

ԱһʵħҪȥħ𣿡
һ˵ǵȻħôһֱ磬ߵУħӾûл·ˣ˭֪һħӻʲôʱ

Ȼ⻰ȴһЩȥ˾ǻص֮һֱѹĽڳϡ
ۡһħսɺϻ𡱵ߣһֱħǴ򶷵˵ڹעħδսԵɣ
ΣҲҪץϻڵİѱܹúϻôù

Ȼħ˵Ļ
⻰֮;Ϣ
ûս͵غˣߺ󷽣ȻԼ˵ħγսΪǵħӣħӲǺϻǸ֣OǺϻǸֽҪ类Ǻϻ

⻰һһ߿ʼҡ
һߴ򶷣һ߳OϻڵӸǸ֣һж𡣡

O⻰ֻúЦ
ʲôħӣħӲһħĺӣֻҪаһѪħ˾пħӡ
ħֻܾһˣֻߵã֡Ҳпܡ
ԼҲԸĸ׺ͺϻڣôħӣ

Щýȥ
OеŭΪÿһһʽҪ˱еħ޵

īһֱ޲󷨡
Oڳɫ޲ԽѸ١

𽥵ģħǱ߿ʼżһǸ϶𽥼СǷ϶ʧ֮ǰûлصħ磬磬Ǵɱ𣿡
ϻڵŮˣʵֲ̫ˣôˣҼǵúϻڵŮ߸ûôײУ

һȻУħ޸صĻԼ
Ҳ˵ȻҲµֱ׳
һ˵Ͻȥ͵͵˿磬͵ȥɱʹ졣

ħ޷׷ħ糷ˣһܶӡ
ħӻħڣ˻Ȼħڡ

һЦˣϵı޺ۣŸħ磬ⲻ췭ظ

Աߵħʵħزô죿᲻ᱻ߷֣ȻΧֱ磿

һ۵׵Ĺâħⲻ䵽ȥ³Ժħ˵㣡
ҪɵǿһͲ˵ʲôˡ
ħʵ
ħ磬ħһħ϶һ

ʱ⡣
е߶һһսʤħޣһαһλҪɺܶࡣ

ǰOīȭʾл
ȷʵ֮սֲŷ˾޴ķת

ȻԽڳΪ׵Ⱥˣȴ߹OЩħ˵ħӣǲǾǺϻǸŮӺħ֣

Oûлش⣬̧һӾͳڳϡ
ڳ϶ܲ˸ϡá
OջԼĳޣϵЦʮᣬ˵ȴɱո˵ʲôôûأ

ڳ΢΢һ˿Լ˵һΣᱻһӡ

ͷԼЩˡ
ЩΪûڳϸߣﻹҳͷ
Ƿ׷׵ͷ
ڳϺɸ֣Щˡ
˲Զͽϣ̽Լͽܳ壬㷽ǲҲЩħ˵Ļ

Ӧ岢ûΪOɫ¶£ǰһO˵OҲʮָл㷽ų֣ΪīֲŻŤתս֡
Ǹħ˵ĻҲˣϺ˵ĺӣҲϣõһȷеĴ𸴣ͽһֱħƺţǶǶԺϻڣ϶һӰ졣
ҲֻҪһ𸴣Ҫ֪Ϻ˵ĺӣǷЩħ޿еħӣ

O𽥻ϰҲûħӦеɱаϢħӡЩħ˵ħӣħĴڣôеɶҪŲ顣ϾҶ֪ħֻһλãħѪ

ӦͷͷԼʦҲǸڳϣʦOѾ˵ˣ֮ǰīҲһֱںϻڣħںϻڣǶλôû֣

ڳһƾ˦Ӧϣͽ˵ʲôţ
ӦѪȴʮּᶨʦ㲻OҲӦī𡣡

Ҳ׷׿ڡ
OǺϻڵһֱźϻڣΡ
īȴͬϻڵ֮˫޹ϵԾֵεġ

ǾڳϺȺҲ뿪
ɾԼɺúŲ飬˭ҿ϶ħûԼڵأ

˷׷ȥ
Ӧ뿪֮ǰͷһۺϻڡ
ΪһûпߣܷҲڡ
Ӧؿڣ۾ĬĬϢԼ̫ħӰС




48.   48    ħڵ򡭡

ħڴ˷, ħܹܵġ
żһиҪ顣

ħʱԼκϢվںϻڵߴ, źϻЩæµĵػء
ҪҵǸ˵ģʱ̫, Ǹ˺Լ˫, ¾Ѿûйˡ

Ϊһħ, ȻΪҪ, ҲΪҪַʽΪ, ˫޵ˡ
ǵʱĸоʳ֪ζħ, ûһ˫޵ʱ⣬Խ
ҪҵǸϻڵŮӣħ, ԼҲ

ڴʱͻȻоһ˿ϤϢϢͬͬԴʮֹŹ֡
ۿȥһ۾ͿںϻСߵһСк

ǸСкǳ塣
翴һ˲, Ϊ֮𾪡
ΪʲôϻҵϢѪҺҵѪ

һԳ֮Ϊĵ뷨γɡ
ǰͺϻڵŮ˫ޣǸŮӸ˸ӡ

ʼվ뷨ܲһʱվԭأûκζ

岢֪ڿԼ
մĸ׵ĶժһЩСӣ׼˫Ƶȥ
ҿ˵Сʦ, ҲСʦˡ

Źȥ˿Ķ˫Ƶڿķȥ
߹ȥӷڷϣڿãŶס˫Ƶ˵ǲҪżˣСʦ϶ƽģǿ߲ǶǳȻֻҪ߲żСʦ϶û¡

֨֨Žͷֲ꣬ǲ֪ܷж౿һԼһ˵ϢչأȴС߻ħأ
˵ֻ߲ҪڣСʦ϶߻ħ

˫ƵЩżǾϽܷΪѾþûмܷˡ
Ա˵ֻܷһǵŮȴ֪ܷĸףˡ

˵ʲôûа취˫ƵĽǣ岻òڿϡ
⼸Ҳ˫Ƶߴߴ˵˲٣еĻһ⣬ǵܷ
ڽĹ£ǾСƨȥӶ졣

С֪ҪȥܷŰ
˽Ӷ֮ǾͿܷڵϣС˫Ƶ˵ǲҪԸ

˫ƵܹܷѾܿˡ
Ҳ֪ڶܷ˵ǳؼǲûг֣ڲԶվؿܷ

ԱߣһΪܷһ߿˫Ƶ
þԼѪҲܷһЩ
ԼԲôΪһֱ֪˫Ƶܷ֮Ĺϵ
ֻܷһͨŮ˫ƵôܲŵҪܷԼôܷǽ
Ȼ׼˵ʵǿһ˫Ƶܷʲôʱ򣬲ܹԼѾ֪֮Ĺϵˡ

ܷۣܹоԼ֮ǰˣȻΪûôǻȴι̡

ת۾Ϳɰ˫ƵԼǰǸſֳ˫Ƶ˵ɰСǣұһ
Ȼ˫ƵԼĻ̲ס̫̾ˡ

˫ƵҲǳ֨֨ǳĵ˺öھķ䡣
ߴߴǻСϪΣܷܴܲǼȥСϪ棬ϴδӦǵģ

ܷ쿴ſǵûдȥ𣿡
ΪԼӶͻźȥ֮ǰӦǵǸСϪ

֨֨ߴߴǳˡ
֨֨ûУһҲǳȥ棬ÿֻзʱǴߣʱ򶼰ǽ硣
ߴߴίί˵ԵģҲȥ棬ǳҴȥ̫ԶĵطֻܹڵĶ棬ǶǶѾ湻ˣǲǳȥ

ܷתͷſţߣôǣΪʲôǳȥ棬Сӹڷǻػġ

Ҳ֪Ϊʲô֮ϵĿһθо飬ǧδܵ
һ˲䲻֪ʲôڣܹסܷ졣

ܷȴǰδе棬ߣԺɲˣҪȥ棬Ҫ㹻ĻҪͷԣҪɳ

߶˺һҵһͻƿڣСʱҲûбϤĶԴѾȱʱֺǧٱ

ܷȴǲԸŹֻԼϡ
һſǺϵˣò˵ǲԵѽǲܹΪԼͯĲ֣ԼͯΪһ׼綨ǵͯѽ
ȻѾǣÿ컨ôʱ;ǣǾ͸Ҫúý̵۰ǲѽڰﳤĺӣ֮Żᰮ㡣

òϣԼʵѾܷ˵ˡ
Լͯ꣬ȷʵȫǲĻ䣬ԼĸҲܹٰܷǻԼ
֪ͯĸı᲻Ӱ죬֪Լʵڴġ

һΣ߶һ˵Ǹ
ܷһ˫Һɫ棬֪ˣ϶ǣᾡǵҪ󡣡

ܷſ֨֨ߴߴǣҲǵһεأ϶֪ҪôܳΪһõĵҲܸӴԺҪʲô͸˵ӦǾ

֨֨һҲŲҪԸˣ
ߴߴǲǾͻʲôӦأ

ܷԼƽʱˣӣЧȷʵܲǵͷС˵ԣˣʱһ˾ͳһס

ŻЩεɫֱһƬ䣬һǺϻڵаǺϻڶԸ˹Ȼһס

̷ܷܵ˵ҶĵŶ
˵⻰ʱȫ§˫ƵױȥˣҲûиһ

΢˫
ԣңֻץסᣬǡ

ӶС˫ƵһͲԸˣҪȥ
ǿǳ˽Ӷ졣

忴ǳ̴ӵվߵܷǰͷʵСʦ棬һ˳ûʲôʣ

ܷͷ˵ûŶһǳ˳ĺ

ŷġ
˫ƵҪȥ棬ɼʱﻵˡ
ǳȥ֮ǰǸܷ˵һ顣

չصʱ䣬ħԭϳһѷ죬ħ罻紦һħս㲻õģҲʤˡīOҪӹ󷨣һʱܻĺϻѾڸϻ·ϡ

ܷ⻰֮üͷ΢΢һ£֪ϢҪ꣬˵ԭʵһС͵ĽֻǺŮ޹أԾûмأ
ȻѾס˾ƣӦþͲҪʲô

Աߵ˫Ƶֿʼ
ֻܷܴȥСϪˮ
ͷʿҪҪһȥ
ʮȥɡ

ܷ˫Ƶͳ壬ȥϻںɽСϪ
·ҪħصǸط

ʱѾˣȻ϶Ҳ²⵽ǸӦԼá
ڻһҪȷǾǺӵĸ˭

ʵԹ˵һϢ෴ͦˡ
û뵽Ǻϻڵӹ֮󣬾Ȼһãܹõħм˵ҪΪħһˡ
ֻǲ֪С츳Σ
һħ츳ҵĹҲдˡ

Ĺ粢ûȥҳ壬̫뱩¶Լ٣ֻԼãȷԼ˫޵ǸŮ˭
ڴʱܷųԼҰ
ﻹһŵ
ǿŵص㣬صǳԱߵܷ

ħ𶨾һ˫ͬڰеǳһ㡣
΢΢ͷ룬ܹԼ˫޵ˣȻ˼ɫ
ܹŮħˣҪȥһãȻûҵħӣһ˳Ҳʮֵã

ȻڸԼϢʵ̫ȣܷһ˲͸оĴڡ
̽˫ƵԼڣȻǣų־׼ߡ
ǻȥһɣ⸾Ůͯһߣʵ̫Σˡ

Ȼų֣߳ȥͻȻоǿҿ־ħѹ˲ΧԼΧ
һ˲䣬̧ŵûˡ

ǰһΣһλװӳܷͳǰ
ܷδӣȴе졣
ڸûʱ;ȥ֤ʲôֻܽԼħޣսǺϻ𣿻ˣҪһȣȥһҪҵǸڲڣڣҾ㡣

һ˵һߣųز䡣

ȴߵܷǰһסܷĲӣֵܷӣ÷򣬱˵ԹȮݣаΣյЦҪҵľ㣬û뵽ô׾Ͱҵˣ㻹ҵãʹħ磬Ϊħڵˡ
Ȼֵͷ˿ܷĶӣСҲǺϲζӦúܺóԡ

ܷ˫ۣſħޡ
ħ޼򵥵仰̫ϢħѹѹÿҪܷòײϢ

ɳƵڵǳĸף

ܷĳϣʮãûŴϵζȷʵǵĺӡ

ܷźľʹħ˵ҲĸףϴˣңͲһħ磬ѾɥʧĸȨ

仰ŭ˹磬˲ħ磬һϯܷΧ

Ȼùǣܷû˸ղŵľ£Ǵһ߾




49.   49    һҲ

Ϊħ, ܷҲ򲻹ģȻ֮ҲֻƬ֮ͻʧЧ
Ͼֻһ𵤳ڵߡ

ħȴܹʵһս

ܷ˵Ǿ仰֮, ԼѾӦħ޴ڵĿ˲ħ
Ȼеĳ˲ӳ, żǿɱ֮, ħ, һ˲, ħסܷӵֻ, ˲ըѪ

ܷץסᣬ̴ųˡ
ʮ, ԼڵΪֻҪħ޵ĹΧڣѾڰˣֻ, ħս

ܷҵһ㹻ȫĵط۲ħ޺Ϳ˵Ĵ򶷣
ΪԼҲһߣħ޺ɫʮɫķҲ˵Ӱ
ǳؿ˺һ֮󣬷ƶԿ˵ǲġ

Ǹħ޵Ϊǳ, Ӧħ
ǿ֮ǰԼ˫޺ˣȻѾָ֮ǰΪǱ˫֮ǰ۷״̬ǲһЩ
ܹóȻڱذ֮أȴҲʮֳ

ϻӸ֪ħľҲ׷׸Ϲ
ϺֱܷʵСʦ壬ôһ£

ָܷɢźɫħħ𣬡Ǹ˺ǳĸ, ǵˣղͻȻҵ㡣
ιӦҪͳ壬˵Ҫȥħڵˡ

⻰һ˵꣬ϺһһỳУͳʹһꣿ
ܷೣԴ⻰ĳ֣ǳģǸУ

ͷ˵֪ҲϲǸ
֨֨ܷﲹ䣬
Ǳȿǧ򱶵

ҧгݵԣ

Ϻóһ򣬡ϰ±λǱЩѻ˵ˣϻǱһħޣ

򷢳֮Ϻ̧ͷȥ
ʮɫɫħһϢ֮£޴ı.ըħ޵ħ֮ľή

Ϻ˲䵣ǣߵ˻δ׺ãʱħ޴򶷣ǳԿ

ܷҲˡ
Ϻż
˫ƵףҲ˫ƵôãȻ֨֨һֱͿ죬ʵѾ׵ĴڣԴʱ˿̣ܷܹоԼ֨֨ߴߴҲ쳣ţǺ¿ˡ

Ӧôأ
ϻڱȽЩӶȥħսû
ʣµЩӾһϣħֻҪһУܽˡ
ϾϻڵŮƽʱøտǺ˫йصģ£ϻڵӼȤ

뵽ֻܷ˼Ȼ
һץסϺ֣ѯϺ˵ʲôĻħ޵ľ

ϺתͷܷͻȻܷǰǴǺϻŮӣȻ֮ڴ򶷵УӶúϻŮӵսһΡ
綼д˵ϻڵŮǴֽᣬǴܣһҪס䣬ס۾϶ᱻȻ̲ġ

Сʦʼʩ
˵δ򶷵ת

Ϻ룬ܷ˵ʱһû˵ħ޵ķӦ˺Ƹ˫޶ԼĿޣΪʹˣ˫޵ʱϵ˭Ҳһֱң治

ܷһ˲оĺˡ
˼Ȼôⷽ飬˸뷨

սϺ䣬СϺߴߴ˵һ
Ȼ˶ӵͷܷͿҵħ޺ͿɤӴһߣˣ˵Ҫ˫Ƶ
Ϻһܷ֮ǰûᵽģҪСʦץħ磬ȥˣ

⻰ŭԭʮֵʱʮ֣
ħǺôĵӣҲ
𶼻δ˵Ҫץȥ߷ˣ㾹ȻҪץħ磡

һ˲еĳ籷·һ㣬ħݺݵسħϡ

ħ֮ǰڿôãδܵصĹ
˵ܴ裡

Ҫٴμȫȴû뵽ܴ鷢ˣ

ܷ˸ΪϤ
ȻǸ˵Ļȷʵг˷ŭԼ޷ݵ
ԭҪȫһ˲ɢˡ

ʱϺ󺰵ǣ˫޵ǸңҵƭģһҲҲ˫޾ĥ

ܷԱ߰ǻϺ˵̫ˣ
ȻǸС죡ɶҲûоͽˣ㻹ر³ȫûһ㼼ɣϺˣ

Ϻһ

˭뵽⻰Ȼʮá
統³һѪң󱻿һУȲסΣӿе

֮ڹߣԼĳ籽˸ʵʵ
Ȼܷϣ֪ΪΣͻȻĪΣС

ʱûڵֿϺϣѾȷԼ˫޵Ǹ˾Ϻ
ҲܵˣȷʵϺ˵Ϣ

ģܷ˵Щ
˫ĿѪϺղ˵ǻģ

Ϻħûа飬°ͣ߰˵ȻģѲΪҵ˫ʱ˵Щģ
ϺЦһɱ˲Ѫ֪ܲǺϻڵĵӣóڴ˵ƭ˵Ļ

һѪ³Ѿҡ
ȫûʤĳɾ͸УԽؽΣðɡ

Ȼħ޾ͱӽ˺ϻǸΡ

ϻڵŷ
ЩŸϻǿһƬǽĴֳ̹ĿԼϻڵӵİΣ
֪ڵӶܰȫҲδˣֻҪչصϢġ

ǵ֪ħʧܵԭɣ׷˼
˵ܷǺܲһаڳһһ£ҪνǺϻóЩ˫Ȼӵ򶷵С
ͷӦ£һ³̣ȷʵܹߺϻڵӵʵ

ȻϻԼϻڵĵǣ뷨ǳȤȷʵûʱȥϸ֡

ϻڳħޣⲻǺϻڵ£Ҳȫ¡
Щո뿪õźĵӼϣ̱ϻӦ

֮յɣһλ߱Ȩ˳ںϻá

ڳǵһ˵ġ
ǻ˵ǺϻûǱħޣǻνƱ磿

ϺЦһŽڳϣħ޷ϴħսǱģӦǸҺϻʲôϵ

ڳָϺΪҲ֪Ѿ˵ˣǸħ޾ǳģǸǸӵĸס

ϺΣвѴټʴңħӦδ
Ǹħȷʵ˽飬ΪʲôҪеɣҺϻڴħޣ

ڳϻ˵һλվ˫ֺʮŽڳҾλϣȻϺ˶Ѿλħ޽ǾͲӦڽìͷϺˣӦעǸħδá

Ҳ׷׵ͷȷʵû뵽ħ͵͵Ǳ磬ֻǺϻħѡǱںϻڡ
ϻϺ˼Ϻ˺ӵģѾܣϺԸ⽻ȫһãѾϺ˶ħûġ

ҷ׷׵ͷ
вٵ߸ͬܡ
ϻڵŮӾж壬ʵ̫лȨˡ
ĸûôһϻŮߣ
ħôī𶼱أ

˱ʾҪһǸħޣҽվҪãԾ󻼡

Ϻǵĺ׳־ѣħ޿²ôôõģϣλܹ׼

ǽڳЦһĶǸɵĺĵӻ߳ϣЩҲˣǼһãòһħޣϻڿɱСǣ
һӣȵֻܰ˴ǣ

֪Oīħޣħ죬֮ɱ֮
ʲôħޣħ𰡣
Ǻϻھôħģ
ǺϻڣڵʵҲԽħּħ״̬ɣ

Ϻߣڽڳϣų˵ֻҪ˸ˣҪʮףھͽɡ

㣡ڳ˵Ͱ͵ģƶήȥ

Ƭ֮ƴϺȻǺϻûһöŮƽ.˲˵Ȼħݣħ

Ϻ֪˵ʲôû
⣬Ǻϻڵ˶꣬ЩĶ䶼ˡ

˭Ҳû뵽ڽڳϻһ˲䣬ס˽ڳϵĸħȻȻ˲ƵڳǰѪӺ
ڽڳϣ֪ԼħʱħſѪڣһҧڽڳϺ䣡
ħ˲סڳϣ󽫽ڳϵԪӤڳ
˶ûзӦʱ򣬹ѾһҧסԪӤȥ

ڳϣĿ־嶼ûк˾ԭɵһ˲䣬

ʵѹߺ
һЩС˿źϻڵˣŭǾҪǣԲŲץħǺϻѾħ𹴽һ𣡡

ȻҲħ˲ץסʳ˽𵤡

ԭЩҪϻڵˣٿ˵
ǿ־ţš
Ȼ֪ڳߡOī֣϶ܴħ𣬿˭֪ǻ᲻ⳡеƷأ

OʱҲǰһȵˣ磡ȥֻ·һ

ͷOЦüħǰ˸ᣬ߻ħǳǧΪ

⻰١
ǺϻΪʲôţһδùԭ
ϻڸ޷ƾһ֮ɱ硣
ΪʲôˣȴвͬĹǡ

ߴOƿϺħȻϵĸħԿ
īָҪӹ̸ħ
ǹûиʱ䣬һӣ˼ҲҪ⿪ħ
ħ⿪֮Ϻǰֺ̧ݺסϺ°ͣǿƵסϺĴ
൱ͣԼǿϺͣˣȴ޷ѹ硣
ֱǱҧƣŷſĴɢ˿ֲƫִɳƶϺ˵ðǰˬھءĹۡ




50.   50    ֤Լ

, ܶ˶ʼδ
˭û뵽ħȻҲϻڵĵգΣ֮£ҪźϻڵĵӲҪǡ

ϺԼҲû뵽
ϺΪôҲ, Եħſ֮㿴ħִŵ˫, ǿԼ侲, ʵ羿ʲôĿģֻΪ, ֮˽, ûбҪΪ˳е

ħȴЦ, ԽЦԽţ, ΪΪʲôħޣȷʵһԭΪ㣬ΪһΪͷŹ磬ҵıԣ
ͷЩ, ΢˫ɱЩһҲ뿪

Ϊһֱܼɵħ޺ħһǳҪԭ򣬾Ϊħһҹˡ
ڰǰħսħÿһ˴, Ǳűľġ
ȴҲǲġ

߾ͲͬˣܶΪܹ꣬ƴ𵤡
ϧԼΪԴࡣ

ˣʹһϣһħ𣬵Ǵȴϡ
ħµģµ, ֮ߵˣΪ־ΣԶԼԼһ˹עһսǲǱˣ
뱳ʲô𣬴Ҷԡ

ܷڿԱߣǱ֣ڹϺʱȥˡ
ڿħӣ
ôɰˣôôס
һ뵽ԭУҲ˷ӻŮ˽ǲ֪ǲҲϲŮˣǣܷеġ

ΪĻ
Oīһۡ
ֻħһˣ˿ܲһܵйҪĹ磬ټϿͺͲһˣħǿ϶򲻹ĸġ
ǲ֪ڴ򶷹Уħ˭ģĵǸˣ϶ˡ
ңOʵǺȷæ͸˵ˡ
Ƿľ֮Ѿˣ͸Ƿʲô

ʱͿ̸̸ͺˡ
OīģֻڻûܺͿ̸

ǳ˵ϣܷǿˣڿ˦ִߵϺߣסϺ֣ԼжϺһˡ
ܷʼ磬ԼҪ˫ƵҲҪ
ڣѾ˶ĸ飬ȻȴҲҪǡ

ľٶ˵Ŀ⣬硣
翴һЦСѾͷһûˣԼˡ

ϺҪܷԼܷסϺ֣һֱ磬ȻŹ磬ѹĵ׵Ŀ־ͺ£Ŷʲôʣ˵㡭δ˵꣬ܷͱס˲ӡ

OͿͬʱǰȴϺֿ죬ϺѪסţſ
Ҳǰſ

Цһ˵ͦġ

ܷҶˣǼᶨԼˣ룬ƫ棬˻Ƽѿڣ֪Ҫ֤ʲôҲϺղǸоô

ݶҧˣ
Ϻ˵˵ٲſͱĻ滰ǻԡ

翴Ϻ۵׺δвң
ϺЦв㣬ôˣ

δ˱˵ʮʡ
ңĲɱϺŮˣŮһ꣬ڻûŮ˵ζء
ߣδ˻ɺɱŮˣҲ޷ϴѶСĺˮˣ
޷ܵģ
ħǿߣȻŮ˿ǸС죬ǣһҪŮ˼ʶԼ

ǹſܷɱȴԺɱ㡣
ȻֿϺ㣬һħ硣

СܷôϺߣˣħ约µֻ˵ٻ𣿡
ɱŨ

ĶץˣҲ벻ܷȻô£Ȼħ

ϺҲ˲ܷ˼뿪ϻڣҿ϶Ϊ˵ٻʲôҾ˵ʲôħҪھͿ˵ģ

ֱƿصĸоħ˶ҪƲסԼˣ
ǣ˾ȻΰʾԼУ

ħҪҧˣҵҪһôģ

ϺҲ뿪ϻڣںϻҿԱ֤Լ˵滰ǣҲ˺Ǻϻڵӡ
ܷ̲䣬ңԽߣԽܹǺϻڵĵΪأϺʦֶѾڽ˻ûͻơ
˼ǣϴκ˫Ҳûͻء

ħЦˣָ죡Ķǣ֤ԼһҪѺϻˣ
Ȼ§סϺֿϺܷŲһ̤뿪һŲ̤ľ޴Ӷ

ܷתűħߵϺ˫Ŀԣһ͵ƣ

˶û뵽ħ뿪
Ǻ֪ʲô˵飬ǸǣܷϺˣȻħ𶼸

ǶϺԼƾһ֮סħ𹥴£ǻǷǳġ
ǷǰһOҾȻħδҪлϺ˸ȡʱ䡣
Ȼܷ˵ܷҲƶɮʮ

ܷῪʼˣſǿվȣԷӰڰֵûû£Ҫô찡Ҳ֪ħΪ֤Լ˫޻ãǲҪúòһЩңϺΣյģ˫޽ҪôܱסϺ

ҲȷʵǺϻϺȡĹؼʱ䣬߰׼ûоΧħҲ֪˭˭˰

ȻȴôźϻڣڴһΪӦīһ󷨣˶ֱħʱͻȻվ˵ѵҪħսѵǺϻڵı𣿡

ܷǸ˵ķװһôǽڰ
ֱˣǽ¶࣡ʲôʱǳʺôıˣıǻ

ɶûô£ڣΪŮڣԭ趨ķѣɵһѶѣϺȣ

ǽʦ֣ܷһ˵̳ν֮ǰǱץħ𣿶ңħ֮ǰûκζΪһ˸ħɱǵĳϣһ㣬ħǺϻڵĵ˫ޣǸȡʱ䣬ʵħΪɣ

Ƕȣܷû뵽ġ
ЦһðھȥʦֶĶħ޽гһΪĻᣡ

ǽʦ̱ҭסˣڽгͲ߻ᣬ˭ϣ
ʦֿOԼīһϣǻǿԵйħģ˵ĺѺҲںϻڡ

Ȼ䣬飬һ޲롣

ʦɫѿˣ߲ҪȥȺܷˣ
һ˼ԣǲܷᲢۡ

ӶȥˣŽʦǼˣȰλϺѾȡʱ䣬ǲҪ˷ЩϣǾ׼ȽϺá

˭֪Ǹʦ־ȻģԭǸ.Ůˣ˵أͲżＱʲô

ܷŭ𵱼죬ǰһ˦־һƣ
ΪԭǴ򲻵˵ģҪӵOǰ׼˵ıӽʦܷܴ

һƻóԼı͵س˺ü£ߵȭߣ
ȻⲢܸʦճʲô˺Լǿ
ȻһΪԼ͵Ź

ЩҪˣֱӱˮ米˳ȥ
ܷˬ֣֮صߣ˵ɣǸɴһħˣЩɣͲҪˣʱ͸ħ𣬸˵Щᣬǲһģǲȡ

ʦֵһ˲ɷס
ʱСʦãҲŮӦǰһܷˣǲǲħ㲻ҪᣬǽҲҪ˵ġ

ʱܷĿӦϣ˲תȻһ˵ҾǺԣһʦʹʦġ
Ȼܷͱ󣬺ͳվһ

ܷס֣죬ʾҪģһϺȫġ

Ӧڷԣܷȴǳʧ
ԭеŮһˣǺġ
ǽŮıȴܷп֪ŮΪʲôˣѵΪԼ
ԭУô˺ֳģΪʲôû˺ˣȴԭвһأ

ܷ֪ǣʱӦǷļʡ
ԭУûŮܹӦ張ʣܵпѣΪϲãԼˣֻŮ伵ݺ
ڵŮǼܷġ

󣬴һǾһǣħȻԼվʾΪħսˣΪ磬ϧ

ǾʱǳԼһʱ׼īΪ˲˲ҩ
˭Ҳû뵽˰ʱϵģ鶼׼ãħûг
֮󣬸ĵĵΪս
ħûг

һ֮ħԾûг
ɵĵǶˣһʱʱ̿̾ţһ߷ֳ񣬺ŵĵһ̽澭顣
ŪϺΧڿᡣ

ܷҲϺԶų壬˶°͡

ܷ֪ħȽΪ˵ϣǲ֪ħȻ⡣
ͱȽϵԼĸ׵İΣˣСʦ棬ĸû𣿡

ܷ˵Ӧû°ɣıƲǻ𣿡
Ҿʦ˵ϺĵԽȼԽҪͻƽڵװ

Ϻ
Ҳû뵽ħȻ˽档
һ£Ƕڴ϶ȹġ
ħÿν֮󶼻治

ϺȻӦħҪ˵滰
ô˵滰ΪħǴķ㣬ܹǰ
İʵħħ᲻㣬ȻϿ𵶣

Ϻֻܶħ˵пɡ

ħ𲻸ˣʮϸĵѯЩطˡ
Ȼһ

ϺħʺϵһϻڵĵӣΪħ˵ϺϢһʱ䣬ҪȥϻڵĲһϻڵ˫Ͼж

һ뵽ħ֮ӣϺ̲ס΢΢




51.   51    ħ

Ϻԭǽ𵤺Ϊ
ȷʵѾûͻƽ𵤺۷, ԪӤڡ
û뵽һƭ־Ȼƭħһµİ׹

ǵģ˵ȥܶҪ춯, ħΪ֤ԼȻ渶ࡣ
ľϺ֮, δϺķ, ʮ, ǵΪ, ڵҺ˫, ǰˣʤޡ

ʱ˵ʱɲһ
ṵ̂ͼһ㾫Ϊ, ܷһΪûоǴʹ㡣

ڶŵˣȻ˶ɽٵ׽١
ܷԿͷðʺš
СĽصһµʱ, û뵽ڶ˫ޣħذϺΪ˽ڣҪԪӤˣ

һЩŵŮʼĽ֪ħ˫ôҲѽ, ֺαͷϺˡ

ϻڵĵ⻰󣬷˸ۣϣҲ˫޵ĹѽħϺʦǰԵӶأ

Ůû뵽⻰ϻڵĵˡ
׽Ѿʼˣħûг
׼ȥſ׽ٵO, ϺһԪӤ׽ٸִ׵磬һʱ龹Щӡ

ȷʵҲû뵽Ȼ
ħȻϺ׽٣ƾϺԼɽٵ׽ٲôǿ

ʧħڳϺſڡ
ϺǸ󷨣ԼΧѾڳʽʱЦȻī˵󷨣ڲ˴ܣ
ȻֿO˵ҪȥǺϻڵĲһЩ˫޵Ĺҳҿ

O˸ƣǰһѯʵ֪ҪĹʲôѲҪǺϻڣ

ЦһȻǿϺϻڣ˭Ҫǣֻ֪Ǻϻڶ˫о룬οοˡ

ܷ⻰𾪡
ħҲж̫˰ɣ
ϺĺֶŶȻܹħʰֵز

Ҳ
ڴҵУħϺ˫֤֮Լһɱ䣬˵һľϺʹϺѾħĺӣħǸ˭ֲ֪

˭뵽ħ𲻽ϺԪӤڣ׽٣֮󣬻Ҫȥϻڲѧϰ
һʱ֪ӦӦô

ڴ·ڵվ˵Ȼħ˽ϻڵ˫֪OͺϻǷԸṩЩ
⻰˼ܾܲͲܡ

Oͺϻӿһۣ룬ħ뿴Щ飬ӦòʲôϻҪܵĹһЩͼˣ

˵ͷŴӦħ
Ծɲҷɾ裬ħɣͷߵܷǰȻһָֻͷܷ˵ʮ²

ܷһ˴Ĵָ
Щ棬㻹Ҫѧʲô
ħ˵˵ǺϻԪӤԪӤҲǿ˫޵ģȻħӤҲ롣

Ȼźϻڲȥˡ

ܷæȹӾϺĶܣߵſڻOܽȥ𣿡
Oͷȥɡ

˾߽ϺĶ
ԭΪϺڱչոսԪӤڵϺʵҪʱڴϷ
ǰϺ֣ܷæܹȥʵû°ǲˣҪھͳûħ˰ɣ

Ϻҡͷ˵ҾֻҪҧŲɿڣӦͲĶ
Ҳںϻ֮ǰߺ򶷵ʱ򣬾Ѿƻ˺ϻڲٵط

ܷȴܵģ᲻Σգһ췢ˡ
ϺһĨЦ⣬ʮְӣЩ֪ˣܹ֮Ϊħ𣬾Ϊʱ򣬲뱻˱ȥʮֺǿ¶һ
֪µһĵǲǾָˣ

ܷж󵨣ħж
ȷʵʺһħޣһֱڵΪڵʱܹų壬һǳʲô£˭Գ塣
ʱħ˵Ѿɵˣû˭ܹΪĿɽеı簮ں塣

ճڵӣħҲĴħͷҲֻһԱħްˡ

ܷ˫޳ɣҾԣͰħ𵱹¡

O뷨Щ̫񣬡ڽ̵ĹУħ˸ô죿
ܷ˵ǳھħ״̬ѽ

һƬĬ
󣬴һǾħһˣЧΡ

˭Ҳ벻ϻھȻô󵨣ħΪˡ
O˵ǽʱħս׼ôںϻڹ۲һʱգǾϺħƭħ磬ʱ޸ħ֮ϣСġ

û˷顣
ﶼ˽ĵģȻħںϻڣ׼ôħ𷢿񣬺ϻڿ϶ǵһܹš
ԼŵҲиʱ仺壬׼ٸ˼

ħıϻڵϺͻħ磬Ǿ͸Դϲ

ʱܷϺĶһָϺһ߿ŽСϺԣħôˣ޸𣿡

ϺһĨ.ĲҵЦ⣬ܷ˵Сʦ壬ϻҲ˵ˣǰͺġ
̧ҪȻʲôȻ̾˿֮㵱ʱ˵ǻȫ෴ʱֱ̼ˣڶ࣬ԭֻʮֵĹףҲӳʮֵЧСʦ壬̵֪öû𣿡

ֱģ
ܷĦԽˣˣΪĺƽ˾޴ף

ϺȴЦһ˭ΪѽֻΪ˺ϻڵĽܹƽ֣ҲҪΪʲô⺢һֱⱲӶгͷ֮ա

ܷ΢˫սϺ˵ǾħǰһøףжԱȲ˺

ϺЦ˵Ҫݣһøס
֮Ļû˵˫ƵֵܷߣֵΪࡣ

ʱϻڲ
ħŲԶߣ΢üͷ٩㾹ȻҲ￴ϻڵ飬ôҲҪ˭֤Լ𣿡
룬ͻȻǸСѾͷͣôϲˣ

ѹһͣħֵ̧ҽɲΪ˺ܵġ
Ȼ߹ȥһȦҲûҵԼҪ飬ڿϿˡϻ˫޾ʮʽⱾ飬㿴𣿡

Ȿ鶪ħ
ħɨ̧ۣſǲҲɱǸСѾͷ϶Ϻ֪㣬Ϻ˵ĿûôأǽñϺ

ЦһΪ㻹ûˣҲͬ㡣

ħɫʱͺˡ
⻰˵ûϺѾֻܷԼһ¥
ħʤ𣬡Ǹվһ˵˵˭

һħҡͷ뿪

ħ鷭øһ棬ҪΪȫǿߣ
Ȿ֮ȥһЩԪӤ˫޵飬ȻֺϻڵĲʲôء
ͲԼЩ֮ٺϺ˫ޣϺס

뿪ֱȥϺĶ
ʱ򣬸պÿܷϺ
ܷ̾ͱ߹սŽżС˵ҪررҪ飡
ͷʾض˵
˾Я뿪

ɵ߿һĻ׷զ࣬˵ôŮϻأȻϻã㿴ϻڵĵǣڵĶʺħΪĿ죿

һȴ뵽˸࣬˵߽ΪǸϻڵӣǲܷ

Աߵ߷ҡͷôܣ߻ݺ˻ڣ

Ǹȴʮֿ϶ǰǲܣһ룬ħܱǺϻڵĵӸշڻȥѧϰɣҲʲô¡

Աߵ˻Ȼ
ѽ֮ǰħɲϺһ£ܷҲԱ߳˲
һС˵´ҿǧ˵ȥҸϻһŮӡȿʱ˵ģ˵ħʵǶС죬Һֻĵ

¶˸顣
Ҫ˵ӣ⻹ǺϻڵĵӵӴѽ⻹Ǹħ˸ף

֪ΪΣһħձȥıӰ;÷

ʱܷѾص˿
ܷԿ˵Ϻ뷨˫ֺʮпߣʱúӪһõħħӶ̺Ӻ˫޶󣬾ûôʱ;ȥŹˡ
īħ֮Ǹ֮ٽħͻħ磬ǧ궼ͽԴϲˡ

ȴۿܷҲһøףҪϷø׵ӡ

ܷס˺һôô岻ãֲٰпҾΪģÿʱ򶼲ôԸǴһ𣬻֨֨֨֨ҪˣôǸøˡ

ɫ䣬ȷʵӦøܷһЩѵ֪˭Զ˵
Ȼһӣֳ˵ǸӶ

ܷ΢΢һ㶣һʱЩ̫ףְҴʲô
ô˵

ܷɫҲ˼ֻ˵ϲĻԶҲ˵滰ǰɣ

۵ΣյĹ⣬㿴ܷĹˮڷ⡣


ܷۿƲסĺˣȻԼϺһϢ߿ħһ粻ģҪħӣħӲĺӣӦħӵϢںϻ򡣡

⻰˼ǣ
ܷ΢΢һ˿ֻţϻڳ˳Ĵںر֮⣬ѵ֨֨ߴߴĴҲر𡣡

Ϻᵽħʱܷ֮ǰϻڷħ¡
Ϻ˵Ǹûй¶κϢΪƫƫ˫Ƶ󲻾ãڿʼ˫Ƶ֮󣬺ϻھħ
û˫ƵΪʲôΪͽԼҼ߻ħ




52.   52    ħӾ

ܷ֪Լڵе㼤, һһŶԿ˵֨֨ߴߴһɺֵϢ, ѵûио𣿡

Ǹˣ֪̾仰ʲô˼, üͷ, ˼˵, ֨֨ߴߴħҪҵǸħӣ

ܷתһ, ², ֪ǲǡ

֨֨ߴߴǷħӣҪħж
ħֻ, ڲһԼĽ磬˴Լ

Ҳܷ˵ͽҴ㲻õǡ
ܷȷʵҪ΢һЩ, пڣСѾͷӦòʲô̫⡣
ҾܷԼСѾͷͲħӣһħĺۼ

ǶԿ˵ѾϺæ֮Ӧͻжֻۡ۽, ϻ֪СֻħӣҲ֪ᱻǴʲô
˵ǵȻ

һӣִӽӶ
ܷ˸ոջڳء
ڿһüͷĿҲ֪ǳˡ

ܷҲ΢˿
ʵͿܲʲôǵѡ񣬱ϾҲ򲻹ˣҿѾеԭдɵӰ, ͰץǸӶ
Ҳ֪Լץȥʲô
ϴ
ܷȻЩˣոջίھȻЩ죬ܷԼܲ

ǳħڲѧϰʱ䣬ȥϺһΣæħӵϢ

ܷ֮ϺһԼ˼鲻ٰܹԭļƻҪħι̵ץԼܹ֤塢֨֨ߴߴİȫ
Ҫ֤ħǱ߲˺Сֻ

ǵӲ֮󣬾ͿϺȻĶ⣬һߴΡ

ֱԼ۾Ϻһε߸֪Ů˾Ȼҵ棬˴Σ
ħ͵ըźɫ棬Ϻ߹ȥ

ϺŷĴڣתͷŹ¶ı飬ôͳˣһΪҪٶһʱ䡣

һĨЦɱ⣬ôûгܹ⹴𣿡

ϺɫĮ飬ôǹˣħˣҪ֪ǺϻڵߣΪľ˫ޣյԪӤڣȻҪԼΪҪԼΪֻ˫һ·ֻѡ

еŭۿϺ˭˫ޣ
ȻͻȻ뵽һĵ׷Ĵ𰸣ѵû
ϵħϴ˼֡

ոϺ˵Ǹŵƨ뿪

Ϻ뿪ֿ˿ԵռǿתԼȥ

̸ɱ˵:ʲô̬ȣźϻһֱ˵㣡

Ϻͣ½Ųͷŭӹ磬䳰ȷҵҪħˣʲô˼Ϊ֤ԼҵԸ˫һ¡
ȻҵΪȷʵˣҾҪ˸лⲢҪģǿҵġ

оԼҪ壬ĵ׵ŭҪѹƲס
ҧϺ㵽Ҫ˵Щ㣬һжӦõģΪħܹ֮׵ĵõԭºˡ㲻˳ҵ˼ֻһ·

ϺԼĲӣǳһĨ־Ц⣬ɱҰɣϣҲûʲôġ

緢Լ²֣ˣ˭ֵزǸѾʧ磡
ǰϺûڴϽгںϻѧЩ˫޷ûϣô

΢˫Ϻʳڣ㵽Ҫ˵ʲôҪ䣡

ϺɫŹ磬漴ü۵ɫȷһЩȻǰ磬Թ˵ǩһԼ㲻ܹԺϻ綯֡

߰Լ°ͣһҲˣԼϣξΡʹȡҡҹվ㣬Լǲġ

ϺͷӦ漴ּ˵г壬ȻѾ֪˵ĺӣѪָ㲻ܽĶֻϣΪԱϣΪһɱħޡ

ЦһֻʺϵһħޣҪħôһʴȣֻҪָʲôҲ˵һҲɺһˡ

Ϻ˵ⲻħ㵣ġ
Ȼ˵ԼһҪ󣬡֪Ҫħӣϣܹħ˭Ҳϣħ硣

΢˫ϺҪǳ⣬Ҫ͸һһ˾ûƣħӵĴھΪ;ħǧѵһħšΪħ磬ֹܹΪһħ棬ôãѵⶼ

Ϻô᲻֪Щ
ܷȴ־һкϣģԸΪŬСʦһѡ
Թ˵ⲻܣֻҪ㲻ħӵͺãħΣӦԸҴԼôӽ쿪ʼϺֻħһֱΪֹ

Լһ㶼
ͲԼϺܾúܾãӦԼϺ֮˭ΥԼض⵽ɡ

֮Ϻħ𣬡֪ħǷܸңħӾ˭

ȴһ§סϺԼֲ̧˲°ͣ׺ְԵڸҪɲħˣҪӳ֮ԼޣҴͶˣҿ̾ͻħӺͳ塣

Ϻ̧§סĲӣһĨȻЦ⣬ҾħһǺϻڵĹ

Դ֮ԱǣǺϻڵĹѾȫ˽ˣҿɲЩҶ

Ϻδ˵ֱӽԼһý罫˷С

Ϻħ֮ԼҲ
ǵϺýĶ֮ͺϻǰԼչʾ
ȻǲδչʾħһݣֻǸЩߣֻҪħûɥʧϺȤô߾Զȫģħ𲻻֡

Щ̶ϺԸм

һЩߣȴ־úϻ̫ϷѵΪħһֱϺһ𣿿²죬ħͻϺʱͺϻ߶Ϊĵ꣬˵Ԫ񶼻ᱻԵ
ǵģ˵ǺϻδҲ̫š˿ħôܱһսԪӤڵ˳ջ󣿡

ǰС˵ܷҲúϻЩ̫äĿţΪϻڵӣôసϰ˺ϻ๦֮ܷԺϻڵĹϺʮš
ѯǸߣϺܹջħãΪħͻϺʧȥȤ𣿡

һλ˵ԣҾ;ò죬Լͻ٣
߾˵̫վ:졣
Ȼվ˵:ʮ첻ܸˡ

ܷ˵ǾĿԴʮ֮ټɡ

˵ʵҲǳܷͺϻڵǵš
˻ȥ·ϣɻʵ:ܱ֤ϺԳʱסħ𣿡

ܺīվ˵ߣܶԺϻڵĹһ֪
OֱſȻֽܷϣ˲ˡ
㲻ɡ
ȻǺܷʲôʱԼʹ˺ϻڵĹԼѾܷǣʵ

īԼѾ˺ϻڵĵħӹһ

ϺЩ˵ͬʮҪ
ץİڵӸϺħԵ

ǸİڵӲΡΡѾܾòˣҶѾͶˣ
Ȼвˣֻڴҵ֮£ȸϺħһԣ֮󣬾ҲˣԵһҲһֱһ𡣡

Ƕˣôܣ˵ʲôأ
ԭڵӿˣҲģĽֲţǵҪô

Ǹħѽ
ħôܺһϻڵŮԵ

ԭڵӱϱУӶˣһӦ𣿡

ڲŻȻŶǺӶˡ

Ǿ죬ħϺûгȻֵ죬ûг
һ֮󣬴Ѿˡ
ڹȻе㶫Щ黹׼ġ
ϻкܶණȻħܹݵںϻŮӵȹ֮£ÿʱ򣬻˫޹ĺϻŮӣҲʲô˵ˡ

˷׷׽ԼϢԼţˣԭڵԵԼħνϺ˫޶һʱ䡣

ЩŵĳϡȵȣҲԣȻĻϺħԵ
ȻԵǾ˵ħʱκδ⡣
ħߣûħ棬ǿɺʰˡ
ЩһֱںϻڵǾ׼뿪

һΣֱʮ죬ϺĶŽ⿪硣
ħʱǰԼû

Ϻ洺磬һͱħιñġ
Ȼ˵Ŀⶼ˶ΧЩϡ
Ϻδڣħ̼ԼıҶħôǻűһ𣿡
ȻħϺ֮ѾԼЩ˻Щħƣ̷ҡͷ׷ȥҺϻ

뿪ʱЩȻ
ǴδħȻõİ취
ϻڹȻСﰡ
֮ǰOīҲ⣬ϾOΪȷʵī䣬Ǻܷ˾ȻߣϺħֵ˼ˡ
ȷʵܷ˺ϺɶǺϻڲɶõ˲ѽ

뿪ʱԼĺϢϻڵĴ˵

ںϻڣС
˸ĵħӾ˭

ϣһָָܷߵ˫ƵħӾС
ܷŲסԼ壬˶

ſŹ磬ڱԺ˵ƾʲô˵ħӣ

΢˫һҲϲܷĻȴֲ٣ƾħ𣬻һΪԸһЩħޣܹ֪ħӾŵΪʲôħӻ޵ĺӣҪʿʲô

ܷˡ
ǵôѾ߻ħ




53.   53    ֨֨ߴߴǡ

ӻе, ܷһֱ֪˫ƵһɲͬѰߵ
Ϊ˫ƵԼһĳһʱͽ
û뵽ȴ˫ƵΪħӡ

ܷĻɣһжΪ˳Լ˫Ƶ
ԭ, ӦñڻҵĽɫ, ˫Ƶá
Ĵ, ǶһֱԲľ˵, Ƕ趨, ˫Ƶ֮ġ

Ǿֻ, ǰĨɱֻܹӸ趨, ǳΪĹУȻٱȥ

ֻܷԼĲ²⣬һֱ, Ӧԭ

ԭͲôӴʱʼͷԷ籩
ǰԭôǴأ
ŮһŮɽ磬ԭĴ֡
ڵŮ
뵽ܷ亹, ڵŮûоԭеľ飬ΪҲûзߡ
ϾԭŮиֻԵȻ·ϱŰŰģ֮·ȷʵ˳ġ

ѵһˣ
ⲻǣܷʮֿ϶
ԭľԼڴ鿪ͷĵطͻᱻڻҡ
, ûбڻң˳˫Ƶ˳ÿ˫Ƶ
Ҳ˵Щ鿴עʵΪ

̧ħ𣬡ҪôܹĨȥϵħӡǣ

ú⣬㲻Ϊħһħ𣿡

ܷҡҡͷҪΪУδҲ̫Σ˰ɡ
Ȼתͷſأ

Ҳüͷ忴˫Ƶ
Ϊܷݣ˫ƵһֱǷǳġ
ôʵû˫ƵһĨϢϾܷҲ֪ͬǸԼ߻ħʱɸġ

е鴮ס
ȷʵܷͻȻֺ߻ħܷ˫޵ĹУӦͽħȵܷڡ
ʱ֪ЩԼĺӳΪħӣ˵ʲôҲܷڡ

ЩѾûˡ
ܷ뷨ҲͬԸԼĺӳΪħޡ
ʹӳΪħޣΪУҲܱԼĺӣߵĺӣȻܳΪޣҪȥħˡ޷ܡ

漴Ҳ磬ħҺħӡҪȥ

Цˣû뵽Ҳҵһ졣
Цһ룬ЦݾͽӲϡ
Ȼתͷ޺޵ԱߵŮˣǵ죬˾Ȼϵ⣡

ϺȴһЦ촽ϵĳݺ۷ԡ
סеʱԼҧġ

̲סʿˮʳ֪ζ
ǰ˼ңǵ˫ζʮá
ϻڵĵһ£ȻϺôϣ˫Ҳ޳ԡ
ֱϺǩԼ֮׺ϻڵĵΪһ̸˫޵ʱʮ԰Ϊֶ̫ˡ
ϺͣԼԸϺڶ˫һ꣬˫޹ǷɣǾͼ˫ޣֱҲҪͣ

˼һûĻȼˡ
Ϻ㻹ûлشߵء

һι粻⣬ЩĲɣǿ֮󣬴ڣڽϵħӡǳĨȥѳʦŵһ޾ˡ

ЩǸܷͿһ

ȻܷͿħȥϺ֣Ϻ˫ޡ
ϺһĨЦ⣬ȴǳ㲻ҪָҲҪչľѽ

糶˳ǣЩؿų壬󲻵òЭ߰ɣСӣ÷ۼħҪһħĽ磬˳Щ˵ûκá

ŭԼĸףܾ
ǵԼϻ֮󣬶ĸһУҪǿֻҪԼܹȸ׸ǿܱĸˣԺ׾Ҳ۸ĸף

屧ľĺ͹ˡ

һߣնȸղŷ࣬ϺܷʵСʦ壬Ҫô죿
ܷתͷſҪ߶ˣСֻźȥڰʦ

ʱͺҪֹȴܷʼੲݣߣԺʱǲҪһЩСֻĳɳܹһճһȥڣܹձȣħӵݣҲϣԼĺӣΪħħ𣬱԰ɣ

۵׽ɱ⡣
ܷ֪Լ˵ˣͼϺסԼ죬ȴ̲סո˵߷

ܷ
ĵ׿㱻ƿˣ

æ֣ǲҪᰡʲôû˵Ҹո˵ġ
ֻһϺ뿪һЩҪܷ˵

ܷ棬뿪Ҳס
ʱ˫Ƶ
ôϤĲѽ

ܷ۵׺ῴŷŹϣתͷԿ˵ߣҴˣĲ˵ЩģҾż

ָ̧ָָܷкܺã˵֪ǰδ˵ģ

ܷԭĳЩ飬̲ס̧ץס䣬ᳶ˳ߣ֪ˣ㿴ƽ˾չ֨֨ߴߴķϣһΰɡ
Ȼֿʼתߴ󷨣ڲǸӦù֨֨ߴߴİΣҲǵǲŻ˵Ļ

ϣǰοܷ㲻õģȻħѾ˵˽ǡħӣѲ˳ΪħˣǾͽħһ˰ɣһһ

ܷͷʺš
Ǵǿߵ˼ά
Ȼ㲻ҾͶҪ

ЩģǾͺȫΪѽ
˵ħһУ統ȻὫǵΣնԴĸҶǿɲħսˣħսħսηηοټһ硣
ֻ˽֨֨ߴߴշ

ܷоһ˿Ϥ
ԭУ߶ԿħǱ̬ġ
Ǿϣ˸Ͻˡ
Щ˿Ƿȥɽ磬ɽСආ۸ġ
ʱǰǣԻɡ
˵ˣǻһļʻʧء

ܷҲûзôġ
һȴ뿴ζڵ˵֨֨ߴߴǸߵ˭

ܷʶסң֪

һЩҵı飬˵˵ݺң˽Իҵĺӣ֨֨ߴߴɶǣȻؾﶪ֨֨ߴߴͲ˵ץˣҪôйͷ֮ߡ

ܷһš
ΪʲôͻȻҵ˵ЩǷʲô
ȻôķʲôΪʲôأ

Сſɫȴûа취ޱϻκϢֻСԼƱ磬˵ҲԼĿԡ

ȴ˵ʲôܹ˵ҷŹ

ûʲôô
ܷһʱ֪ô죬ֻܷʿҪô

˵ҪʲôΪˣԪӤͰԪӤڳɿܣƤģȡҲһˣͷ͸ˣ˵һüǮô

ܷ룬ֻס졣
û죬Ͳ˵Щҡ
ȻԭɳƤ֮󣬾һĺڶӵˣͲܶаڴ

һ˲ֻ˻ͷǳúÿ
ֹܷһȦôÿǵҲܹЩӣĵʱҲȥǺϻڵǺÿ¯Ҳǲģأ

ҾڿԶסˡ
¯ҲȱƤǺð
Ͼ߳ҲôÿأǼ˵㣬û£̣

ܷŵòУֺܺ£֪ӦҪβܹȻȻģ֮Ļȵסϡ
ֻܽƫ棬ֱ򣬳˳䣬˹ԿʹȻ֮

΢΢һգգۣһĨ΢ɼЦ⡣

ܷԼѾþȫͷųȻ֮ǲ֪ΪʲôôȻ֮ԼϣԽǿſԽǰ˼̲סĶҪٿ

ܷţҲ֮ؿĽԼĴڿϡ
ȻΪ
ܷ̲סһ¡
ſǾͬ籩һϯԼǿ
ܷоԼ׹֮У͵Ĳ˽Ĵú޻֮ҲڿĻС

˵ܷͨǵķʽָܷ⴫ĸо㴫ȫ
ܷڿ֮Уص¯
Ȼڴʱſ
ܷʶǰ̽ͷ΢΢üͷɻôͽˣ

Цһ°ͣ㵹Ǹ̰ĵģ
ܷ˲عղŷһУˢһ±ͨ졣

ôоԼǱ˽ͷ÷ŵĿԣʧǣ




54.   54    㾹Ȼڷ

ܷһرֵܵסСŮ, ûдԽ֮ǰͺϲ͸Ļ˧硣
Ҳڿ˧֮󣬾, ȥ˧븹
һֱԼֻɫˣǸոô, ΪʲôȻҪ˿뷨

ܷ̲סֶ࿴˿ۡ
ֲһ㱻òԻ, ˶Ҫݽȥˡ
ΪԼͿһβ˵Ĺϵ, رųӿ, ʹ֪úÿ, Ҳûбջ
ղ̫ԣԾ̲ס, ͨĶģ˯

̧ܷסԿ, ߣҰɣԺһעԼ˵ĵصʱ䣬ٲЩҪϢй¶ȥˡ
ָϺ֪˫Ƶ¡
ԼղŵľٶʲôҲ, ɻȥͺã

һȷʵӦעԼУһջɴ
룬ʵѾɴˣֻǱƽϰˡ˱֮󣬻͵͵±ĺӣ㿴Ҫδˡ

Ȼ˻֣ܷ뿪
Ȼܷܺ, Ҳһ԰ŵ̫ˣ´ξͲˡ
ϻڵȻ֮ǺãҲѹôӲϻڵ˫޵ˣϻڵӣԼӲԼŵȻ֮

ܷ뿪˿Ķ֮ȥϺӻ˫Ƶ
ϺʮֵʵСʦ壬û°ɣû۸㣿
ܷ˵û۸ңǸоֵֹġ
ϺЩɻ󣬡ôˣ
ܷҿ˿ȻսϺʵͻȻ߳رÿ̲ס࿴ۡ
ʵ̲ס뷨ֻ˼Ϻ

ϺЦˣҾһʵ̫ˣѵСʦŷ߳úÿ𣿡
Сʦ㲻֪𣿺ϻڿвٵӶϣܹ˫һΣҲǲߵΪŶĻǲ

ܷôҸϺԼһֱ飬ǰôӿ
֪ϻҲһֱͷˣȻԼ⣬ǿ̫ÿˡ

ʵֻԼĴ
ǰҲӿҲ̾òȴûбջ
ΪǰûȥѧϰϻڵȻ֮

ܷ˫ƵԼĶĵض˫Ƶ̾˵ôӴԺҪȥ¯ˡ

֨֨ˣΪʲôҪ¯
ܷ˵Ǹ˯˳úһÿǿԽǸ˵¯ģҾͲ
֨֨ɱ㣡һᱣģ
ߴߴҲ˵Ҳᱣģ

ܷ̾һСѽúóˣҪôصΣͯҪĵĲŶѽ
˵ţһ˫ƵôҲǺܳԿϾôÿֻҪҾͿˡ

ǽڣѾܻ꣬ɱԽ֮ǰˡ

֨֨ߴߴȻҪ裬ҲСӣûнӴ̫Բ̫¯ʲô
ֻϡ֪¯ǰģΪϻеӶԼ¯ҲУֻ˻ȥˡ
Ǽסˣɾˡ

Ȼ˫ƵȻǵĵ³һСɰ
ܷĿɿڴû뵽ԼŮҲ˽ˣܲض
쿴Сɰ
˫ƵŽСɰ͵ǰߴߴ˵Ǵûģȫ裡
֨֨Ӧø裬жģ

ܷҲ֪ѧǴǵĺɰĺö治١
⵽ѽܷǳ⣬СӵеЩɶֵƣ˵Ǯ

֨֨˵㲻ڵʱǵģкöñ
ߴߴԺ󻹿ȫ㣡

ܷ˫ƵĹԱ̫ˣ
ҲҪЩҸǶԺҪá
⻰ĵģִҳﺢӴǮŴźǮû˵

ȻǶôĿɰҲܹ֪Ѷ˰
Ҫħ⡣
Ҫ⣬ͱÿӷʱ䣬ӳ
ǿһ֪ôˣֻйˡ

ܷ˫Ƶȥҿ
֮ſһֻ׿ȸβëǰϳһط󣬶΢΢ɢɫë΢⣬βϵĻƸǺÿ˳ԡ

ܷǸӣɿȸҲôÿȫ޷ֿòλǿȸģĿ
˫Ƶڿ£ԶԿ˵ߣǶ໨һʱСɡ

бһۣ˵ɡ
ܷԼĶӣѽëҲԸǵģûëѽ
Ҳ֪˭ħӣ˵˶ħӡշȷħݣȥҷڵˣǳȾһжΪСֻûʲô˽ء

ΪѴӦҲǲԼӳʱ䣬ֻҲ֪֮ǰһݺƣΪ½ҲûȬټϷСֻҲ֪ʲôʱָܻҴǰΪ

ܷ룬в.в֪ǺϻڵĵӣҰָΪǲǣ
ǲ֪Ϊʲôſɫǻ״̬
Ϳ˫ޣԼҲϾôÿ

֪ڴʱµ˫ƵͻȻʼ;˫СţԼ˺üţߵȻ֮˲ɢˡ

ܷѹ
УҲܴӦ
֮ĹϵѾˣԼڸ˫ޣĳΪ¯ԺҪô
֮ǰôû뵽һ㣿
Իֻһķʵġ

ܷ˫Ƶ˵˾ԲȻԿ˵ȷأߵҲǳҪѾ֪Сֻݺ⣬ҲֻҪǵݲй¶ȥͲΣˡ

ЦŵСֻ֮һҪúõĽѵһ
Ȼʲô¶˳ǵĸףѲԼ׷

ҪѵСֻϿܷҲô˳ۣǽʱӳһʱ
ô˵ҲѪҲܵģȷʵӦøĶԴħ¡
ܷȰ˵ûκεĹϵ

ܷҲԽȷһķǵİ֡
˵ŲԸ⣬Ϊûָʵϱ˭Сֻʱⲻӳ

֪շ꣬ܷ׼Сֻȥҳ棬ͼòĺˣ

֮󣬲ûǰ˫Ƶһ꣬ŶָſЦһҲûдǰķȡ
˵ôһֱңΪܷڷ˫أ˭֪㾹Ȼڷ֪ǵߣȻÿɿȸⲻЦе

׺ˡ
ʱΪʲôܷ¶Լԭ
֪ܷ˵ȥ֮һᴫ֪ºһᳰЦԼ
Ͼ磬ȷʵ֮١

ܷҲһ˲亮ëֱɶǳѽҪҲԼϣǵòֹؽС
СݿǲȥˣȥһΣɫǻһΣȥΣ˵Լͻݽò޷԰Ρ

վǰά
˫ƵԱߵϣԺ˵ʲôЦģ
СѾͷһ룬˿ѽʮȴ챧ѷ⻹Ц𣿡

ܷһʵ̫踸ˡ

ͷʺţ˵Ƿܷô̸ˣ

ܷͺú˵һ˵ЦȷʵǲԵġ
ΪܷϧԼס
֪жڱչ֮ʱ߻ħ˻Ϊ½
ǸŮߣߵĺӣ
ҲͰˣȻѺӶһ˴


ԼȻܷˣ

ܷ˵
ΪߵĺѣߴҲͰˣȻЦǵ׸ס
ܹԼһ˸ӵǶΰĸͱ˺Ц飡
ʵ̫ʧˣû뵽ߣ㾹Ȼˣ˫ƵҲʧ֨֨ߴߴԺҲˡ

֨֨ȻǺϲԼϲЦԼܷ˵ԺҪˣ
ߴߴΪίĺӾҪЦ𣿿ǵҲûа취ѽҲǣҺͽԶҲܳ𣿡


ֻǾÿΪߣǺЦû˼ôܷСֻһ˵ͱ˶ˡ
ߴߴ
Ȼ֨֨Ϳʼƿڴ㾹ȻߴߴǿˣҲҪˣԺҲҪ˵ˣ

Свֻߴߴߺӣȷʵ˺̸ۣĿڳԼĴ󣬡ҴˣҴˣҲЦǸףԺҲˣðɣˣҵССѾͷ

֪ǵǸͲ֨֨ССѾͷȻһĥİ취
ԭ֮ëԷҺߴߴ壬ǲǱԭ֮ҲëҲܹǣ

˵ʲôأǺ꣬ɲǲġ

ԼҺӺͺױ˺һĿվζźҵǾ˵ҲеȻΪҵĺѣϲҵĺӣҲӦΪǵķһǡ

ͷʺţ֪ôת
תȾܣȴû뵽
ȻһĿڵ֮£һֻë׵ĺ꣬ܷ˫ƵĶ棬Ϥָ¶ȷǾͿӴ㻹Ҫתÿתһ죬Ҫӵһ顣

ס˲ӵĺҪһǾ²ס
֪ܷȻֻ껹ҪթȻСֻ˵ллɵ
Сֻؽһɵһ˲ͱǽˡ




55.   55    ܷ

ȻɵķСֻ˵û̫, ʤޣҲܹúɵٳЦÿΪɵĳЦչ
ܷԼΪСֻǸ̫, ϸ޵ʱġ

ûãҲϺ֪ˡ
ƤȿҪ, ֮;ν
Ůôɰ, һʱ䡢, Һ͸Ů֮ĸ, Ҳ׬ѽ

֮, ̣ܷ˵ֻҪ²Ǻϻ﷢Щһ, ȫ綼֪ˡ

ܷźͻȻЩţǺϻʲô鴫ȫ綼֪ˣ
Ӧò˫Ƶħӵ°ɣ

˵Ϳ֮°ö˶ڴ˵ϻڵŮǻǺֶε, Ҳأ˵Ĳ𣿡

ܷҪƱ磬Һװףûʲôðɣ
Ҳ֮ǰ£ɲء

֮, ܷһۡ

ǲЩֻ˵ǰʱȥ棬Щš

ʱȷĶǺϻڵĴ˵
ЩϻڿᲢΧħ˴ȥġ

ĳɵĵӻصԼ֮󣬾̶˵ǿɲ֪γȥǴ۽硣
еǺϻڵ𣿲˵ϻǱһħޣħޱΧˣ

Ǹ˵ħޣħ𰡣
֪ħȥϻʲôȥϻԼĶӺõġ
˵ʼ, û뵽øԼ˸ӡ
Ϊ´̫ˣһʱ㱣űץ
ȻϢģħĿɲǳ塣

ⶼʲôиأȻǵʱ˵ĲǺǴҲ²⣬ħ̫ܲС
ʲôķ治̫У㣬˻ķ治̫а
ȻҲ֪龿Ǽ٣ֻħͱƭˣȻûȥһʱ䣬ôӽͻƵԪӤڣÿ׽١

˲ۺ졣
˭Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ţңҲԸ⣬ħ𾿾вУҶԣ
Ҫ˵ǺϻȻħˡ
Ҳǣ֮ǰϻڵīԲڣһħ治Ǻϻڡ

ǵҡҡͷʲôǻǵ֮ǰѰҺϻڵӵ°ɣ

룬˵ľǸΪ˺Щĺϻڵӣ
Ҳǵ£ҷǳɻǸϻڵӵʱʲôҪ˫ޣȴ˫޲ɣߵΪɣ

æˣǿɱˣҾþ˫ˣǸ˾ǺϻСͽܡ

һƺţԺ̸ֳһǾɫһ˲䣬Ҷŷ˶
ϻСͽܷһˣŮҲʵ񶾵úܡ
ŵЩȥΧϻڵʱ򣬾ܷǺϻڵĵӣȻ֮õ˴򶷵С
ʱϻƣ˭֪Ȼ֮֮󣬼е߶޷ֿŴžǡ

һ̾ʦȥʱúõһˣ֮˵Լնǡ硯û
һֵʲôĵ˵ʦ𰡣Ҳһ֮󣬻صҲǸϻڵӵգһź˼˫ޣ˼ҸͲʦ𣡡

˷׷ҡͷźϻڵŮǲѽ

Ȼһǰһܷôˣո˵һֱҵǸˣܷ

ǸϵĵӵͷӦˣħǶʱһֱû֮ʹһһΪܷӦǵҪҵˡ

˷׷զ𾪡
Ļ߲ҪƤĽú

ϵĵҡͷҲŻ˵ϻڵǶǿ֪жϻŮӣ

˷׷׵ɴ˫ۡ
ʲô߽Ϊ񻹳

ϵĵӵͷȷʵ˰ǲֹһοһͬħʱȥ
ÿʱü֮Ǵһݺͳ硣
ʱʱĸҾûĸô̰ԣ̰ԣȻӶģֻԼϲĳԣҲû

Щǣвܷ
뵱߷ŭģҶΪֻҪҳ֮˭𣬱ĥ˭֪˾Ȼߵĳ谮

һħīԽԺϻһӾ֮ġ
ͬʱҲԽ衣
ԺϻڵĵӣҪץʱӰǱǸˣһӾʹȥˡ
ǿɲұ֤Լߡī˻ܵסա

Щ鼸ɶдš
رڣҲīţǴ֮
Ͼīչ֮ǰ˵īαչ֮һϻOһϣκǣֻǱԼ

֪ī𲻽ǰأҳ֮̾ȥ˺ϻڣϻ֮ûȥˡ
㱻ԼСʦιȥ
Щ߰Ĵţ
صԼĶ֮ڷﱳתתȥת˺üȦľǾ

һOֶҵʦȻ֮ҵʦȥ˫ޣ
ʦôҲûгϢڵĹѾеĶ츳ֻҪú¡ô˺ϻϣ

Ƭ֮ͻȻOīǰߵԭɡ
ҵСʦȥԸħ

òҧ
СʦֻҪٶһ׽٣ͿɷˣǽҪͷӦñչǱǡ
ȥħΪУս֮󶨻ΪʲôⱲҲ

һ뵽ʦ֮ǰСʦиԼϣԽúɸ֡
ԼСʦ·
ȥϻڣԼСʦץܹСʦܿOЫĳ׶룬úá

ûл೤ʱ͵˺ϻڡ
һϻڵĽƻԼСʦܵĵ֮ǰ¼ӹһ͸ŻѪ
ֱںϻڴһơ
һ뵽Сʦǹִӣ;侲侲Ǳϻڣܹ¶OĿСʦĲźá

û뵽Сʦ󷨣ȻҲƲˡ
͸ˣ츳СʦܣôںϻǸϣ
ջǴ˺ϻڡ
Ĵ߻ǲͬ
ֻкϻڵOԼīܹܵ˶֪

ʱīO˫ء
ѾһʱûкO˫ޣЩʱΪЩͲO

ǲ֮ʣܵ˴ϻڣͣ˶
ī΢΢üO˵ʦˣҪҴȥұչǲ

Oȴ㻹ǻȥɣ͸ˣòΪˣƫҪ˫ޣҷ㣬֮ǰչزͰװ˷𣿡

īָ̧OּʼҸԸˡ
OȴתԼߣٿǺοأҾʦ˵ļã츳ĵӣӦúշǡ
ǰ˫ޣҲ˹ͬȴʲôңԼ

īǾ仰˵ˣҸԸˡ
ȻסOĴ˵

˲ûΪĴж˫ޡ
īԸжϡ
˫֮Ϊ˫޹УOϵõĻ䡣
һ㣬Ǻħġ

˺ϻ֮Ѱ˺һ󣬲ŷOĶн硣
ǾȻ˫ޣ
ŭգ̧־Ǹ硣

ȻڴʱܷڲԶ

ܷմ˫ƵԼʦ𶴸Ļˣ
һС˫ƵϣȻóӰʯ˫Ƶգ˵ɫСÿǲţʮɫģٴϲɫС͸ۻˣǿµЩӰƬǲǰɫÿ

ߴߴǸ˵ĶԣɫСÿ
֨֨ϲɫСÿҲϲɫС

ܷ˫ƵĵǣúúãٸһɫĻҲһЩӰƬԺǳˣֻܿӰƬСʱǿȸˡ

˵ֿʼֱ໨

֪Լһϵжȫ

һֱܷΪڻܷݡ

OԼСʦʼʱOСʦܡ
ǻСʦǲᶨֻҪOһʹȻ֮Сʦܾ͸ƲסԼOƭ˺üΡ

ںʦܵϣֱӽСʦܸȥչأȻݺݵؽѵOһΣOСʦܶϿϵСʦܡ

ǶʱգСʦԭҲˡ
֪ĳһգСʦͻȻ˵OһߣǸOΪ£Сʦܾͳ׷ħˣ߻ħ
ҵǸߣɢOOĴ

ǰʦˡ
ʦֽСʦץ˹ȻٴκݺݵؽѵO
СʦȴӴħOһϧŶϾϵ

ʦҲܲסֻOһζʳСʦܵΪ
СʦܺO˫֮ΪȷʵҲߣʦ̾Ϣ˵Ǿ͵Сʦ˸¯

ʦ֮Сʦܾ͸޼ɵֻҪչأסںϻڵġ

ȻʮǰСʦͻȻ߻ħϻͻ֮󣬱չãǶȹΣ
֪Сʦ֪ܲ￴һЩаؼҪOӣ߻ħˡ
ΪһɢСʦһμ䣬֮ٴ£߻ħ˭ҲȲ

ڿǰܷ˻䡣
Oֻ˵ˣСʦΪ˺и߻ħˣδ˵Ƿгɹ
ǰܷ˿ܿȴװףԼСʦܵò֮ǰ

ǵģǸСʦܣΪܹţOϲһˣԼò




56.   56    

ǿܷ, ԼСʦܴǰĳˡ
ʵԼСʦǰÿҲ֪˭˵ģOϲĶŵ, ŵԼò

ܷζ, Ƭ˼, ȻȻ
Сʦܳؾϻ, ΪOŮСʦܵģ
Լһںϻ, ԼҲʱʱ, οСʦԭͱO

ֻ֪ܷԼСʦܣ֪ܷ, ԻûܷЩԵĴŶϺš
ܼᶨʦܵѪһֱںϻڣϾϻڵ, Ҳһֱǿ˫ޣѵԼʦܵĺӣԺҲҪź˫
ûǽ⺢Ӵá
ʦһֱ϶ΪӣֻҪѺӴȥ, ʦҲܻŻڵġ

ǣڸ˫ƵɼݵܷͻȻͱһסȻڿն
ŵϵ˫ƵԼԽԽԶŷӦԼԱ˰ŷˣ
ܷǾŽȻ̺Ӧú֣

һϻڡ
˫޵ĺϻڵͣ˫ޣСʦ/Сʦ/Сʦ
Щ˫޵ͻȻ, 

Ϻһӣ̳·æͳԼĶ
ħ磺
ϺӴˣոϺôϵĻ俴ȥôĿһ˲ͱ˴

OҲһѽīƵԱߣѾ·˶
òײŲO˫޵ī
һҧ̴ӴҲ˲䴩·Ҫ˭ĺ£
һ˲оԼʦִһ뿪ϻڡ
ī˫΢Уʦ־Ҫʲô

ҲܷĲҽУ˶죬ȻϵʱֻܷӰӣл޳һƬ˫Ƶ

˫Ƶ˵ֱͯӰǷŻԼĸúܿģĸͻȻͱ˰ˣ
һֻŶԿ˵˰ץˣ
ȥ裬裡
ûʶԼѾعܷݣڿ֪ܷݣȻһᱻ仰ŵʹ̫ʲô˼

һѽ˫Ƶ§Լģµġ
ô˴Լ߽ܷߡ
䣬ܷϢʧ

û뵽ԼܷȻô˸
ӿԼĲ̻صڣȻơ
󷨣ǵ󷨿ǱȺϻڻҪ̵ķ󷨣˵ŻвٵĹ塣

ԼĶ̸˴סˣīҲҪŽ
ŸӲ֪ʲô飬ǻִ

֪׷˶˭
ϻߣ
໣Ҳˣ㵽ʲô

и˵һ㱿һۣˣǸܷĺϻڵӡ
һӷӦˣʲôǸ˲Ҫ˰ɣ
ƨɲ飡
ǣǺϻڰ˭Ϻϻڻ

˲úŶϾǺϻأǸħʶòݵȹ֮µĺϻڵӣסջ󣬺Ҳأ

ô꣬ûкκ˲飬ǰЩĺϻڵӣڡֻŵˣûܹġ
һȵ٩޵
ƴҲҪȫ

Ǻһһȫһ˲飡

ܹ۵ĵ˲ۼſڣֿԽԽĺϻڵǣԼߵˡ

Щ˷ϻȻOȴ侲ǰһʵλҽȥֻ֪ΪὫҵͽ°ߣ
īҲǰǰѽƴ򿪣ҲܽҪȥʦ֣ʲôұǣΪҪ˺ϻˡ

ֱˮһƣһƬ
˸ҷųұؽѪϴڣ

ŵҧֿҲҪɿڣò׶˸˻ǲʧ
ŭЩˣڣ

ܷҲ˵ģҿɽöģΪʲôҪץʲô鲻ܺúýƫƫҪ

ܷƬ̲˵ҿԸڵֵҩҲ޹ҪΪʲôֻҪ㲻޺ϻڵĹС

ܷɵˣô֣㿴ˣȻôƳɱҪŵĵӣ

ȴһЦ츳ӹʲôֵġ

ܷ͸ˣΪʲôҪҰ

ܷ΢˫㲻֪Լ˭

ܷܷҡһʲô𣿡

üӷɿתҾʲôݣԭҲûнҾһڻңͷˣʲôݣ
ץɱ򣬻ҺúڵĹȷʵҾݵģȻôܱԴ
ʲôݻһԼİţ

ܷͷԷ籩͵˫ۣŮ
Ҫ룬Ͼԭǰʮ꼸ûгϻڣҲûкйʲô
ΨһˣǽڴʦֺͿˡ
ԼŮϵǾֻϵ˰
ѪĹϵŮϵǸŮϵˡ

ʵҲֻһ£֪ɫ
̵ܷһѵԼŮһҪгڣȴҲĸס

ܷúǶ졣

ܷо鲢ô򵥣
Сʵ˭ҵĸأ
ȻĬãܷ˵Ϊĸ׻㡣

ܷûпڣԼĸ˭֪أ

Ҳ˼Ȼܷ֪ԼݣԼСʦǷ֪أ˵Լ´ˣüԼСʦüò֮ǰüôƣѵɺϣ

ڴʱһˣΪΰ˸ϻڵӻǺϻȫ⣬īҲڣƹƳŲ˶ˡ
Ͽܷ֪˭Լʦֵۣȫſɶ֪ˣʦںͿء
ֻһۣҲܷʮ죬ǰûмС

Լʦ˵ǲҲˣСʦܡ
ϲ쿴ܷ
Сʦܲ߻ħǶ֪ڿܷʵɣѵ˸ӣ
˼ãԽԽ϶ȷʵû˵ԼûлϣȷʵöûгֹλøĴͽܡ
̾Ե

ܷ⻰ܾʲô֮
ʱûʱϸһʱ²ֻܸоЩ˶Լûжġ
ҲŽƱƻʱ־塣
ҪѵǰϻںͿҪŰ

ǲҪΪҴܰ
һ䣬ȻٴСڣϣǾʲôܲܺúϻʲô˵ɴˣ಻ðҿأʱҲٻ͸ôѽ

üΪλ
æչȥ㲻֪ߡ
˵ܷôôϤԭǺϻߵǸӣ
ȻںϻˣѧЩĻУ

֪ܷûйǿΪܷѧȻ֮

̳˵ǽҲУǴӽ㲻ǺϻڵĵӣڣڵĹ
ܷҪʦİ
ôѳţϲϻڵģ

̳
ǸҲűڵϵܷһɸ֣Ůޣҵ°ɡ
⻰˵ܷսʲô˼ôоԼںϻºɸ֣Ҫúõ.Լء

˵껰֮һܷ
ܷ֪Լ̬ˣ̵ãҴӦ
ֻҪǲڷľС

Ȼͳûô࣬ܷӦˣͶԳ˵ǾǽɣǣԺ󡭡ܷţˡ

ֶܷǲסΪʲôҪôִŰ

⣬ϻ˺ͿνǷŭ
ôϻڣǺϻڵĵһˣ

ǷŭѾЩڵӵĻˣڵȻҺŮˣſǲˣ
Ҳŭ쳣ǲﰡ˶
Ȼܷһֱϣ˭֪ܷѾϿ˻Ϻϻˣǰ߲ȵϳǼ̤磡

ڽҪƵһ˲䣬ͻȻһϳ֣˵λ룡

˶ͣ˶ֱһ顣
͵سڣڵҪǳϵҲҪѷ޺ðɡ
Ȼ˴źϻһȥĶ

ڵ˿źϻڵŮǣŭϻڣ̾ϻڵӵվɫѽ
ǰʱҲʮջأƲۡ

ŮˣƾǣҲ˼ҿˣǿô޵Ůء

ûһᣬһĶ
ʵĸ󷨸࣬ͻһ˭ʤ˭
ֱֱ˽ŭ˫ܷϣ¿˺һȷûˣſ֪ʲô˼
ɱֻҪ˵ͻ̶֣һս

OʱҲɫҲÿһøжûУףŵʲôʲôҵϻΪУ
ϻҲǰһ£㲻һͣǲưոݣ
Ҳ˼
˭ϻˣǶӪȣԺϻھ¯ˣ
īҲվ˵ʦ֣ǲңܹܽҾͺãΪҪһϻڵĵӣδˡ

ˣü֪ܷݣڳж֪ԼСʦܶǲ֪ġ

ΪƽϢŭ˵ԼľҲ˫ޣֻ£ڵĹˡ

кϻڵʺţ²ʲô󲡣߻ħ˰ɣΪҪһϻڵĵ£ͽǺϸ
ֻOɫʮѿɫ
֪OµԼ֪ܷݡ
ԼСʦǲɻ飬ѵСʦǲ֪ģ

ڴʱܷˣҲԸģҸ˵Ըⶼƭģ

Żͷ𾪣




57.   57    Һīĺӡ

ڵûԼȻܷƭ, ܷʮָӡ
ܷ̲סӣʲôҲǹҪƭ, ҾǺͻȻץ, ʲôҲ˵, Ҫ, ҵȻֻȴӦ, ܼҵĿɽ
Ѿ˵, Լö࿿ɽġ

һҪ, ܷ˵ξģѾڵţͱٳȥˡ

һ, OЦˣЦǴδйᣬǿ۽ˣҴӲ֪ȻǿƵˡ
׿O֪Ϊʲôǿ, ҷİںϻڣ

˿˿ֿOܷϡ
ܷԼԻ֣īʦָīһ޴ñӡ

īɫѿ
ƽĶŵģȫȻѹֲסĿ꣬ʦ֣֪Ҳϲ˺Oôһֱ, ΪܹO˫裬ʦO

⻰ʵֲ̫ˣ
ܷΪҲʼԹϡ
ǺϻȻֻ˫޿ô˶飬ǣʦֵһֹѪϷ룬Ҳ̫̼˰ɣ
ѹӰλã׺ī޳øЩɣ
ʦҲԼ϶ûΣˣͺúÿϷɣ

īĻ׿϶īǲ֪ܷݵġ
ɫ㲻ҪᣬֻСѾͷһʣԸһֱںϻڣҪΪڵĵӶѡ

ԿϷ˺ܷһ뷨Ҳ̫ǣǿ˰ɣ˭Ű
ܷ˿ɫɵͳĿ޹ҡͷҲ֪ô°ҾץˣȻҼڡ

ǸڳҲվ˵ңҺϲСѾͷһҪΪͽ

ܷǾݰɣ˵ȥŰ
˵Լ̬ȣҲԸģҾϲϻڣҲȥС

O᲻ףټ֣Ҳһʲô

Ҳ֪ԼͳϵЩסţԼʦܵĺӣҪһֱںϻڣΪҳǲԸġ
׵߻ڿϣûܷȻͿйϵԺʲôͻìܣܷϻڶͿ⡣
ڵĿȷʵΪδָ۷ʱڣֲͬ
ҿڵͺܲơ

OĻҲɵڿСʦǲ֪ܷݵģԼݾߡ
̧ǣOO𣬲֪Ƿһ˵

īȴӦˣʦ֣ʲôOһ𣬶Ҳ㲻ҪʦǷǡ
Oȴ˵Ҫ˵ʲô֪޷ǾīһֱڣãҴӦ㣬ӽԺ󣬺ϻڲīĴڣִҪұɡ

īſOO㣡
ɫ԰ףȻŻһѪҡΪô꣬ľʯͷҲˣû뵽Ȼô

׿īѪǰʦܣ
Ȼȴīƿ
īֻOϣO˵Щġ
OԾº͵ЦȻ۵ȴûκθ顣
ٿף㵣ĵҲᷢ٣ҴûǼ¸κˡ

׿Oģ֪ΪΣȻ޷ĸо
֪ԼʦܱOܾܶΣǰֻΪǺϻڵֶΣǽ쿴ŷOж
ϣOܹ˾ǵԼ뿴ģȴַԼ޷ܡ
һʱ֪ԼҪĵʲô

Oûиīκθ飬ֻףԸͽ뿪˰ɣûбҪΪţ쿴Ҳ𣿡

ܷԼʦ˵ģһҲǳԼʦܾԼܹµԼеĹϵȴ־һһ㡣

û˵Oīī𣬿ȫҺͺܷ
īһѪ³

Oܷ֣ܷǻȥˡ
ܷվûκζǰߵԼʦԱߣȻʦס֡
O׵ͷˣǱ뿪ˡ

O뿪׵Ķֻʣī׺Ǹϡ
̾˿뿪
׿īüͷ壬Ҳ֪㾹ȻѾôˡ

īʧȥ·һʬǹѪۣʦ֣֪Щ궼ι𣿡
˵Ǳջˣ㻹ڵʱ򣬾Ϳʼջ㣬㿴ûаָ飬û㣬˳ߺ˫ޣΪʲôҪԼ

ǰģī˫Ŀ죬ǰģʦжңʦ֪㲻֪
ʦ֣֪жΪ£ȴûʸҪռֻԼԼΪһ˵󣬷Ҹûʸֻӵһˡ

˵ţŻѪ֪ԼʲôҲǣұȲϺϻڣȲͽܣϻڵĻݲҲз
ΪЩ飬ûʸҪҷڸҪλãҶѾˣֻҪܹһ³Ϊ¯ΣֻҪܺһ𡣡
ڣһʸҲûˡ

˵ţīŻѪһ˲֮䣬ͷȻˡ
ЦЦȴ֮⡣
Ȼתȥ
ʦ֣͵ûʦܰɣΣգҲ֮ܡ
䣬ʧˡ

׿ʧķ򣬵ͷٿīŻѪʦ㾿ǶǴ

Ѿ뿪ڵܷˣ֪ī֮˵Щ
ܷ·ҲûкO˵ʲô
˻صϻ֮OֱӴܷȥԼĶ
̧Ҫֹܷ񣬾ջ֡

ܷOصOO죬ʲôû˵
ʦԸ˵ʡ
ȻOܷϻûУҺīĺӡ

ܷͫһ˲Ŵ
Щ޴룬ҡҺѾµˣǣ־Щܡ
OԼߣͷôܣȻҳòôƣ㸸׻δıò֮ǰƵġ

ܷOǾһв̫ʵҪǣԼĸҲ̫˰ɣ
̾Ϊʦ𡭡̫ˣ㿴ҵĽһ

һ˲Oۡ
O۵ᣬЦһΪΪܸߣԿˡ

ܷǾһв˼顣
ЩԭûеݣΪЩݺŮ
֪ԭУOǸʲô³
һ뵽OԭĺʵѾˣ˲һʹ

ܷ̱סԱߵOѲ˲䣬ס
ȻĺѾˣһúТģܹΪŮҲҵء

OѾסˣ£ʣô꣬û㣬Ҳûи㣬ĸ˭

ܷ˵Ȼᡣ
Լûл˫ƵôͬܣԼ˺ӣȴúһ˫׼ͥԼҲǳΡ
Ҳ˫Ƶɳˡ
O
ϺһΪҲ֪ϺһУȻһõİ취ҲΪ˱壬ʱֻİ취
ֻҪǰǿԻġ

OһʰԼ飬ʵҪī𣿡

ܷ룬һɰɡ

OʧңԶĹȥ

ĬƬ̣૶ܷ˵ϻڴǰģԾŸ飬ϣܹһһ
ǣܶ˶һ顣
ΪҺĸ׾һԣǵ뿪֮ʦѵңҵΪ轵˺ܶѣ
غԾҪңҺһ𣬻Դ׷衣

ˣֻɣȴܣԼʦŵ飬ΪԼĸʦǨŭңʲôˡ
֪ˣʦſΪʦо֮ҺθɣʦûаϵʦΪҳ֣ٻʦ𡣡

ܷŶŭˣƾʲôҲˣ
OһɲֹһأٺϻڵĵӶ˫޾ԭǲɾˡ
˵°ͣԣҺ𽥱׫һϻؼŵӲֻ鰮ǸҪԼҪԼΪֻԼǿԼıǡ
īҪ˫ޣһҲܾ˵һһͨ¯ѣûʲôһģٲκ˶ˡ

ܷŸˡ
޴ڣ
§O˵ףǾͲҪˣԺֵ㣡

OܷһЦһֱҸ㣬Թң㽵ϣȴīϣҲϲô˵Ҳ㸸ףԡҲãһֱµ󡣡

ܷȴҡͷӻأֻǹ˶ʮѣԺҸľͺѽ
ԭ˵ʲôԭµĻԸOδҸġ

O̾Ϣ¸ҡ
٣ԼŮδСģֱСֻĴڣҶô̹ϡ






58.   58    ˭֪ܷˡ

ܷԼĸ˺ܾ, ǰѻ˵֮Oһͨĸһܷ˵˺ܶСʱ顣
ÿ˵Щµʱ, O۵׵̶ˮһס
ܷ˺һĸúϢ, ȻԼ뿪

ʱ˿, Լĸ֮, ˾, Ҳʱ뵱, ԼҲû뵽ġ
һ뵽Լ֮󣬻ûкͺǺúһ, ܾ顣ܷ²ֱͣȥĶ

һֱһܷ
ڿ֨֨ߴߴĸһЩ, ǵһͲͣڿǰİϹȥ
֨֨Ƣ꣬ԼĸףʲôʱŻѽ
ߴߴȻҲżȴ֨֨ôס϶кҪ, ĵĵһѽ
˫Ƶŵȴܷ
ĵĲܷOĹϵֻ֪ܷʲôϵ
ȻѾµ֮䲢ڴ˵ϣܷܹ׿ڸһ𰸡

֪ܷO֮󣬾ȻҪôõʱ䣬ڶûл
ѾЩȷԼжĵܷ
ٲԼӦȥOĶ˰ˡ

ڣڿĿҪȫĵʱ, ܷǻصĶ
ֻܷص֮󣬵һʱͺ˫Ƶ˱һ
˫Ƶǵض˫Ƶ˵ţǲǱŻѽ

֨֨ŭԵģô£ôͱ˸ˣ
ߴߴ£ûأҺͽĺõŶ

ܷҲû뵽ԼᱻߣѾûǲõġ
ԺһúñԼٷǵĵ飡

˫ƵߺģҲǱסˡ
ܷס˫Ƶ֮˿ͻȻоԶһڸкǿԼϣ̧ͷȥͿһ

ܷ֮ǰǿ˿ķͷŭ
ʱиĹϳܷǰܷûнעڿϡ
ſϸ뵱ʱ̬Ⱥ飬ܷ˲ƿ˺Ϳӵߡ
ֿʼܿƵľ

ɺԼиԼ
Ǹʱ˫ƵڴϣŭĳΪ˫Ƶ
Ϊ

ԽԽ죬ѪҺѹϡ
ܷƲסЩ죬ڴȴҲҰڴ̫ס

ֻ֧֧⣬ķȥлл߽Ŷ

Ȼȴü˵ҵ֮ڵĵ˵Ϊ㶯ģԲŻὫӺϻڴߡ

ܷʱɴ˫ۣ÷еϢȫɢ£˼Ƥ
ûκ˼Ϳڽ͵ôܺʲôϵǰͲʶʶҲܿȥ

ĵλȻܸߣһʮŴ塣
ôҲǿʮģ
Ȼ֮Ѿȫ⣬ܷûԼҪһʮ˫ʲôģ

Ϊˣȴû뵽˵һγţ˵Ѿݵȹ֮¡Ӻϻڰߣҵˡ

ܷѾܾʱ䶼ûгȥԸ֪ԼͿĴ˵
ԭӦǴЩʮֻĵʵ顣
Ϊ˯˿Ǹ˾Լ
ԼΪŮͿӵıķסڿϻڵĵǶΪԼͿѾ˫޶ˡ
ЩҪôܹʧ磿
ܷһ뷨Ͱ취ûС

ֻ˴ԴϴԲ𡣡
ȥ

̧ܷͷſ
Ҫ㣬ԼʹڲӦðҹ
ûаҹûûûд顣
ûд飬ԼͲһϣҲͿ֮ôĳ޾

ôܸ˵ҴʹԼҹ
֪ôش⡣

ڣȴҲûǼ˵ôһ˴Ĵš

ֿܷſʵǲ֪仰⡣
룬²Ҫҿһᣬһ֮ţ

ʲôʿҲδ
ɴһȴܹܷ˼
ⲢҪĽ

ֻЦһٴ𻰡
дţĴҲǺ⡣

ܷİ취ҲûˣظԼ˫Ƶʹɫ
ߴߴԣ֨֨һЩ̾Ͷܷ˼Ҫȥ棡

ܷϱ˫ƵѽȥѽҾʹǳȥӴߣ
ŲȿӦܷʹ˫ƵͷҲصˡ

ܷ˱ûеõҪĽﵱȻǲ̹ģҲ뿪˺ϻڡ
ЩҪΪǵԸۡ

߾ۼڶĳ
Ȼһ¥һ˵˵ڷ顣

ܷմڵʵԭ֪ˣֻм
˶ЩһΪϣԲŽܷ°ߣϾܷһѽ

ⷻΪˣϧΪеĸִԡ
Ҳ۵ʮּҡ

ѾкЩ겻Ϊմֵ˰ɡ
Ҫ˵˫Ϊǿǧδֹ˺ҵ޴սأ
ܷȻδΪ£ȷʵҲ˵ޡ
еĺܰȻҶߵޣʱҾûֳôʵĶ޴սǿϧˡ

Щȫ˿Ķԭܷ˱񣬿ͺЩǷŭ

ǿһ˦г籣Щǰΰһ˲ȫըѡ
ΪԸһЩ̱ܿΪ͵ߣܵˡ

̿򹥻ķԭŭǣڿһ˲䣬ŭ׷תΪκ;¡
ڱ˵Щķ䴫ţҲֻʱʱãֻΪ
˭Ҳû뵽˵Щʱ򣬾Ȼᱻ

еĳƴ俴ŷŻԼǣɷǽŵĻ˵һ飿

˵
˵һ飬ǲ
һϣ򲻹ôڽղŵЩ˵һ飡

ǿò𰸣ͲԸ뿪Щ˵ԽĮ

ʱһվȴҲսսΨΨŵŵĶԿ˵Ƿ˵ЩҲǴطģǶǼٵģ˭ҴˣҲĵӡ

һϵɱȴûиղôŨˡ
һת䣬ԼƨĶ˷򣬽˵˭֪ܷģ˭Ҵܷ˵Ⱑ㺬ܷһˣɴֻҪһ뵽ߵˣҲФˡ

һЩеӸ¿¥ߣȻ֪Ӧ˵ԺҪעʲôǲ˵ģ´ɾͲ仰ҷǡ

æӦҵ

뿪֮󣬴¡
໥۵𾪣ǴûϻھȻҲܹ

ԺСϻˣȻϻڵŮǲó򶷣ǿЩĴǣ׷װݵںϻڵӵȻ֮£ǵ˺ϻڣϻڵԼã˭Ӯ˭ɾͲһˡ

Ҳв˺ǲ죬֮ǰ߲²⣬Ǹ˯ߵĺϻڵӾܷܷȻЩµģ˯ߣ񲻽סռҪĵλԺҪOΪϻڵһˡ

ܷĴ˵ܷȴ֪
עԭĸĸ
ҲOī

ΪϴǼ֮īO֪ͻȻϻһ˵īȻںϻⲻԶ޽һСӣֿʼӹ̺ϻڵķ󷨣Ų˲ٵĹ󷨡

ܷ͵͵ܵſȥ
īһͷڷѾѩףǰţѾȫȻ
ϻڲõЩ󷨵ʱȴʮ棬ͺʲôҪ顣

Լǿ׷޻᳡ֳ
һ뵽OܹЩ˺ܷﻹЩƽ
ЩԭͲӦOһ˳е
ִϱϵʵźϱ֮ĹϵҪɷе⡣
һɷΨΨŵŵֻ֪ϡ࣬ϱϵ鱻ҲӦõġ

ϻڵĵҲԱ˵Сʦ棬ǰ֪ܲīʦѵúܲң˫ޣͨ˫ʹȴ˼裬˵ǺϻڵĵӾ.벻ˣܹΪīס١

ܷĻ𲻴һڻǵԼݣʦ˫ޣǻôΪѾīʦѵˣѵҪΪī࣬𣿡

ЩҲͷѽֵǺϻڵиĿûôҰ˼ȫϣЩΪ鰮ˡ

˿īȴ̾˿
ò˵īȥȷʵЩǰܹöѽ
Ǹʱгţׯ˵ʲôҲֿѽȥ˫ˡ
ⶼǹȥˣҲҪᣬǻԼĶǱɣ

ܷҲźϻһˣԺһֱīѾѩ׵ͷȻ̾˿
û˵Ů֮䷢Щ鰮֮£ЩԭУǶ㲻ϵˣ߱ǻҪʡ
ֻΪʲôôŰأ
ܷԼĿڣûСҿһģ




59.   59    ħ᲻ϲѽ

ϻڵҲ뷨
ȻǱ, ҲϲԹϿѽ
ħЩ£ǿĲ
Oīǰĸ飬Űĸζʹ

ϻڵǲ֪, ͬ뷨˻п
ԼܷЩ֮ȥһԼܷĴ, Ȼ⻹, Ҫ˶֪, ܷ, ˭ҲФ롣

ҥԶڿ˵, ¸ŷ
ǿ⡰˰죬ֻص˺ϻڡֱȥܷܷ

ܷ͸⿴˫Ƶ
ʵΪ, Ҳİ취Կ˫ƵڲһЩ
ܷﻹЩǣ֪ķ᲻ִһ˺
Ȼ˫ƵҲħӡ
Ⲣ֤ǾȫԵֿ̽顣

ʹӿһ, ȻԼȫеĹԴص͸Ĺ⿴˫Ƶ

˫ƵȻͶӰ
ֻѾ͵СǻԴƨ, Сظ΢΢š
ȻֻСڵ沢ûʲô֨֨ߴߴȴԾɽǵ˳

֨֨˵Ǻÿ𣿡
ߴߴҲܳǲÿС񣿡

ܷԼĳඥĸŮˣٿڵԲŵ˵һЩĻԣǵȻˣ϶ĺ˻ÿɰС񡣡

ɰ֨֨ߴߴˡ

ʱ, ˣڵķ￴˫ƵС񣬿סһʱһͿ

ܷŵǲرɰ

߹ȥܷߣ˵ͷʵô뵽ǣ
ܷ˵̫̽Ӱ첻á

ܷһֱ˫Ƶϣ⡣
̾˿ҳȥһˡ

ܷһ̾Ϣ;鲻򵥣תƵϣдԼҲûзֵĵǣȥʲôˣô̾ģ

˵Ҳʲô£ֻǱ˱˶ѡ

˵ڣܷ̿ʼԲ
ܹſʲô޷ǾǿĴ衣
ǿʱںϻڸûʲô¡
֮Ŀδ¡
ʹҲŵĻȷʵǳơ

ܷ̰㲻˵ʲôֻҪԵԼ޵֮ģʱ˭˭Ρ

Ͼ޵Ҳľмʺͳ޵ˣշɹĿԷǳСΪǵľѾע޷ȶԼΪҲûа취ƽȵĶȹ׽١

ԽţܷԽÿЩ
߳ôÿüۡͦεıߣôÿˣȻҪ˱Ŵҥʵ̫ˡ

ܷ̲ס̧ס˿֣Խ֪ͣʲôˣôãЩ۲ʶ飬㲻Ҫ˿Լ

δ˵ܷȴÿ۵ǰ
Ŀʵ̫ˡ
ܷ۵ԽԽֻóǣûĶǿԸƽܵЩӵġ

ϵĿĴůĴУеȫ֮ԺĶ˫ཻ鵱С

ֱһǽܷʹǸߣȻҲǵú١
ڿļͷ΢΢ϢҲع

Ҹոյʲôѽ
ҾȻ˿
ô״ˣ
涼Ѿʼڴ˵ˣǻ壬Ժ󵽵Ҫô찡

ڸͲ֪ҪԿ
ͷ̧ͲҺͿٴζӡ
§ͷƣҹ̡

ڿûܷȥ˸ڣ뿪ǦĶ

ܷſϰ̾ʲôѽ

ߴߴ˵
֨֨ߣǵʱûôʱ䡣

ܷ
Ҹոô֨֨ߴߴڰ
ҾȻŻûƿǵСѺͱҡ
ɽܹȥɽѾݲˣѾˡ

Ҳߴߴ֨֨ˣܷһϻڵӿˡ
ܷѾĶΪʲôǸʱ򱻴򿪣ʵߡ

֮ǸӵʱҶ࿴˳ȥ
ȥ֮󣬻̲סߵĽ˵˴¡
СʦȻѾˣҽۿСʦߡ
ȷ𣿡
֮ǰϻԼ綼дţҪʣ˭˫޻ȣû˵ˡ

ȴͬкϻڵѽ
ȻҶ֪ڱߺܷ̫ãںϻڵǱϺԼOĸŰ֮ܿĵܷǣҲ΢ЩͰϢ˳ȥ

ʼգЩ˾ֻţδ
ɹ֮󣬴̲סˣʼСΧ
ȻǷ߲ûˡ
ö֮˷֣֮ǰҴߺͺܷ˵飬ҲûΪҴ˺ͺܷ˵¡

⴫ԽԽ㡣
綼֪ܷȷʵͿһˣһοɲôҥԣ˿أ

ģҲ˽ڡ
ҶԴʵǱĵ̬
ȻܷǰͽڵĴʦйǣѾǺܾ֮ǰˡ
ڴʦҲ֮һֱܷûκνӴ
ιϵҲ౻ˡ

и֮ȴܲ
˾Ӧ塣
ӦδԼȻִ
һʼ֪Լ֮ûκοܣҲֻǳݿû顣
ɲ֪ΪʲôΪֹȻǳܷȻҪܷｫߡ

һַǳµ뷨Ǿǿԭġ
֪뷨ԣẦԼȴҲͣסǳħġ

ԼĴ﷨óһƬë
֮ǰؾ񵽵ġ
ֻҪÿͻֻëóһ
ԽǿԽԼѾ˳ġ
ҪƬëӵȴҲ᲻á

һĻڵӿȥ
ҲӦʱ˼ԽĲһνëóȻ˱ܻˡ

ӿ֮ȥˡ
뿪ҲֻΪ˸¡

˵ʦΪʲôߵë
᲻񵽵ģ

ôܣм˼ߵë𣿡
ǵûУëǴӺζأ

֮ǰһֱܹעʦ壬ȻҾͷֻ֣Ҫȥߣһįּȡ
ѵʦʵߣ

һۣԽԺܴ
˵ëйϵأȻߵëô׵õһǷʲôر飬ʦõߵë
ɱңܷʲôأܲܵ˫޵Ǹˣʵʦ壬ܷɣ

⻰һ˶һ۶˵
ɻȴԽԽ
ǲ²Ϊʲôߵëأ

ѾӦԼë¡
ʱؾҲע¡
Ǹʱ֪Ϊʲô;ͷЩԺӦݣ̲סϿʲô¶ãǲԸѵ

Ȼ֮󣬿ԽԽѣֱڣӦѾ޷ҡֺ
ҲȷȷʵʵӦԼë¡
ϾҪʵԼϰõĺϻȻ֮
Ҫܷʵ̫ɰˣǵ֮󣬻عܷɰ
ﻹоȥűˡ

ܷҲһôŵˣûӺϻӳĴš
ΪҲһ¡
ħϺսˡ

ֱҪ
Ϻħ֮кԼģԼϵϻԼİΣ
սǾ൱ħսѽ

ϻڵĵ˸Ǻ
ܷҲúܲ˼飬ôսˣ
ܷ˫Ƶ˳壬ˣһ֮󣬱װʵ׺͹֮ôô˵սأ

ѾӽʱСͷأΪ˴ҲԽԲ̾˿˫ƵСһڣϴΪȥСʦ棬żħӴϸȥˣħˡ

ܷ춼ϲˣͳԹôԵԼˣ
սҲΣ
ܱ˾ܷûΣܷΪϺĺѣΪԼӦȥĹϺġ

˫Ƶ˳壬óһ棬ȻȥϺ

Ϻܷ⣬ɫҲЩ޿κΣҲ֪ʲôʱȷʵ´ˣ֮ҲǸˡ

ʵʱɲǵǸ
Ϻ֪֮Լ˹磬ǵǸǹȴ˵ǸʲôСʦҸҪǰɣ

Ϻ뵱Ȼˣȴò˵ȻħҪ
ɫûüͣϺһ仰ֱӽķϾСʦ˱ħȴغİΣ

仰ͳŭ˹磬û簲ΣԶܱ˫ޣǲǣ

Ϻһߺһ߿ʼ·ȻҲĸԸҪħ
ǹôҲĻǰһסĲӣΪҿеӦ𣿡
һ˲ŭ£ڲԣ˵һԼҲŵĻΪҪľʱ·𣿡

Ϻ۵һ˿ɻѵ

ԽŭתҪߡ
֮ǰ־ʲôʵ̫̫ˡ
ǺϺ˫һȻ˦ȥϺ

Ϻܷ˵ʱ̾˿˵ǲǹֵúܣǿ϶˫Ҳˣÿ϶ҵĶͲսء

ܷãŶôϤ
ȻС˵ͻȻϤĸоһЩС˵
ⲻǰԵܲúԼǿ.ư
Եܲð֪ƫƫҪúԼǿưԼϲˣʵǽԼϲԽԽԶ
ˬϤζѽ

ܷСϺħ᲻ϲѽ
Ϻ𾪣ôܣǾֻͨͨԼ˫޶ѡ
ܷҲ̫ͨѽ




60.   60    Ҫ˫ƵҺ裿

Ϻȫܷ˵Щ, ħһ޷Ǿ̰ͼ˫ʱĻ䣬ôϲ

ܷҲֻǸ˵Ĳ², ȷ
룬־ϺһֱħһԼϵ, ʵ̫, ħô, Ϻ˵ƽ

ܷԼСԽ, ĿϺ, ħû˵ħ֮, ԼӦô㣿

Ϻܷ΢΢ҡͷ
ܷ۵һ˿ħ, Լ϶ѽˣΪʲôҪħأ

Ϻ֪ܷ˼ֻҪܹѹͻħ磬ô൱ڽˡ
鲢ô, Ҫôܰͻħأµʱħһ򿪣ûбͻȥħ޻˳Ž϶硣

룬Ϻͷˡ
ΪԼϻڵİΣǲҪðã͹ʵҲûкôٹΪܸߣ, ϺԼΪٶҲܿ졣

ܷ֪Ϻ֡

Ҳûת
¹˰ºܷ˵ħ֮ϽҪӹ̡
ԭħǸ֮ʱīӹ̡ɵʱϻͻȻħӰī̸ϻ˺ϻڣ󷨲ɡ

е鶼䶨󣬴ٴ뵽ħںϻڣôʱضΣ
֮ҲǸٴμӹ̡ħƻĳٴħս˭Ҳܲס

ܷ˵ܳżӹ̽ħͻħҲʼһ˭֪ʲôʱϺȻͻ˵Լɱ䡣

ϻȻԼݡ
ħԼʮ˼ֻҪһֱϺԶɼӳ֡
˭ָұ֤ʲôʱϺأһգǷͱȲԿӶ˲ء

ܷԺϻʱ򣬻Ƿǳ̹ϣߺϻԼʵ뷨ʵҲر磬ħֻһˣôߣһϣħ򶷹ж綼һԿ
ƾʲôϺҪһֱħǿأֻһͨͨĺϻŮ߰ˣΪǰС˫ޣһӣͱҪΪİΣԼУħĲƽԼ𣿡

ϻͷ۵οҲֻǺϻڵĵ֪Ϻɳһ򵥵ĸлɾҲûıʾǸͲ֪ϺΪ˳˶١
İɣһȥšϺʱʹࡣ

Ӻϻ⻰֮ܷ࣬ؿĲҲ˲١
ڻȥ·ϣֿ˺ЩϻڵӼһ
ܷ˫һһǷᣬԼҪȥһơ

δ߽ȺѩϿСʦջŵĵӴһϢСʦйأ

ܷԭԹϵЩţû뵽ԹֳԵԼϡ
ȻǸԼص飬Ǿ͸Դߵѩ£ʴңʲôˣҵҥ𣿡

ѩܷ˵һãմ߻ǣ綼ڴ˫޵ǸǽڵСʦӦ塣

ʵϻڣĵܷϢе⡣
ӦŮܹʹ֮佨ϵֱˡ˵˵ĳ־Ϊ˸ŮΣ

԰ŮͿϵһ˵ǳ
ֻ֪ΪʲôܷﾹȻЩƵģһôҲ
ѵΪԭƽ

ΣܷϻǱס˵ģ˫޵Ǹ˾˭ҲֻǸԼڵг𣿡

ѩ˵ûзϾˣҲ֪֪֮ô

һӲ²߿϶ȥ𣡱Ͼߵôء
ѩҲܷҲǣ߿Сʦ塣
߶ѾСʦˣ϶Ͳǰ˫޵ǸˣϾû˱Сʦÿ
οСʦ廹ǺϻڵĵӣСʦһ˫ޣǱȸһ°빦أ

Ȼһһܷ

ܷ֪ЩˣæͣҺ֮ûʲôģǲҪᣬҪһҿ϶Ǻʹһףѽ

ܷͦġ
˲һǿ϶Ҳһĸ
ȻھѾ߶ʶˣӦòݾĸııɣ
Ȿһʼʱȷġ

ܷڻȥ·ϣԽԽԾ
ôףŮͿأⲻԾӦף
ֱߵ˿Ժˣ˫ƵܷŻӦ

ŮǵͿ˫޵ǸˣŮԼҲ֪ԼǸˣ֪˫ƵԼġ
һҪŮһŮʱûа취Ǿ൱˫Ƶһ裡

ܷ֪ŮԭеƷرãܷǰʱҲرϲ
һ뵽Լĺ軹أͶһ裬رĲֲһ˵ŵʱƵģԭ֢ط

ܷſҪ˫ƵҺ뷨ͷŭ߽˿ĶȻȫ̰һųſ
ǿƽﱻϰˣҲЩĪ

ܷǲͻȻӦƽԼЩ飬ΪԼȻ֮Բô
׼ͣܷͿˣ˵ҵ˵˫޵ǸߣԺǲҪһһ֨֨ߴߴѽ

΢΢üִ֪Щ߰Ϣ
˭˵ģǸŮ˭ΪʲôԼ֪㵹ʲô˵ˡ

ܷһʱһֱںϻҲûôȥӦĲ֪Щš
Կ˵˵˫޵Ǹ˾ǽڵϻȫ綼֪ˣǲҪһһӡ

Ժ˫Ƶ⻰Ҳ̹ܷͿм䣬ֱ
ߴߴżǲҪˣֻҪܷ
֨֨Ҳ˵ԣǲҪˣҪףǾҲƿˣһӶһŵˣ

֨֨ССͣȴвˣ˵⻰֮ܷһôܹƿء
֨֨ߴߴ˵᲻ÿʲô

֪ûз֣Լܷ˲ΪҵŮѾչ֨֨ߴߴôãһ뿪ǽչ𣿡

ܷ⻰ﵹǷࡣ
ûظӦ⣬ЩģҪôԼ֮Ĺϵأ

һЦһŹΪҺӵףҵʲô̬ȣʲô̬ȣȻѾ£Ӧ׼еҵŭ𡣡

⻰˵ܷ΢΢
ȻӦԼףÿ֪Ǹ˾ԼôĶ֪ء

Ŷ˵ôӣ飿
ܷæҡͷҪԼƲ֮⣬ʲôߵ飬˵ʲôֻ߿϶֮ǰߵǸ˲߿϶Ҳ᲻ֱ˺

ֻһδӦ
ҲûҥԼͣǳճȥһˣһطٴηŭ
һηŭϴβͬѾˣѾڱߡ

һҥһɢȥͺûдڹ

ӦӦ˵飬Ͼȫ綼֪ҵǸ֮һǻɱǸߵġ
ӦﻹǺܡ
ΪԼʦ˵˵߲̫ԸҺҴҥΪúϻڵܷᡣ
ʦ̾˿һĶ˰ɣϻڵŮǻǸб£˭׵
ȻְӦ壬ҲãҥᴫңǵǸ˫޵ˣ߲ɱҲû취ֹ

˵ġ
Ӧı飬Щ̫Ӧ嵽ʲôѵ𣿻˵ڵҥԻӰ졣

Ӧҡҡͷ۽ǾȻһᣬʦ㣬Ҿʹ֪ҲˣҾ̲ס룬ΪʲôߴܷĴţ˴֮󲻾ãҪ˴ĵĸˣ֮ĴǼٵأ

Ӧʦ㵹һ壬ҪǿߣѵǰЩǣɱѧźϻЩһϻŷ⣬˲ƺĹЩΣյħ޺ޣһʳ

סӦ֣뷨ȫ׵ħʱ߻ħġ

Ӧ֪ԼʦĹԼҲ֪Լڵ״̬ǲԵģͷԼʦ˵֪ˣȥչЩ뷨ȫϳҵӣллʦ㡣

ʦ㿴̾˿
Ҫ˵߱飬ʵҲһأСʦҲΪľ
룬Ӧ˵֪ʦħɱ֮Ҫ£мȣʵԿһһֱǹעġ

ԭӦЩӦҪģʱֻ꣬ҡҡͷ˵Ҳ뿼Щ£һȥչЩȫɡ

Ӧʦ㿴뿪ıӰ̾˿Щ£˵ġ

ܿû˼ٹעԼСʦãΪ˵ɣҪٴμӹħĽϡ
ȥԼʦʢ£һܴ
ԼܲȥܹڵЩܲüӹ̽磬˵Ҳ洦ġ




61.   61    ΪҪ㣿

Ҫ˵, ˭һĵãīĪ

ЩɵĹ»ţȥħ, ׶˵ڵȻ岻ݴǣλҲ֪, ڶнͼ, Сʦ, Сʦܡ

δ˵, ǴҶ֪֮ǰǼ¡
ȻԵɲǺ, ĽȴѾ硣
īΪ𽫺ϻڵܷ£Ŀɳ, һҹڷҪ뿪š
īѾںϻǰԶһС, ҵҵΪϻڲ÷󷨺͹󷨡

Ҳ˵ĻѾˣҪī֣ܵҪϻڿڡ
ɾǺϻڵڸãһ¼ĵܷ˵ãͲö֪, ˭Ҳȥԡ

ħҪīȻͨ󷨵ģףԺٳʲô⣬ħ練硣

OܷǺϻڵˣһ˱׷ӿϻڡ

ǵ˺ϻ⣬Ȼīϻڲù, ԶһǳªСľݡ

Զĵطϻڲٵ̽ͷ̽ԵĿīæµ

̿
ֻӿī
Ĳ̫ףīΪʲôִš
˵Ϊ츳ĵӣǰ;ֻҪǱٹ˶þܷΪʲôƫƫ˷Ųϻһθ飿

Ȼɻ󲢲УǺ֮ǰѾ

ֻڿīɻ֮⣬и
ͻȻۣԼСʦܣۣȻһ
ڸղſСʦܰͷޱ鲼󷨵һ˲䣬룬ʦûֹСʦܺOһСʦֻʲôģأ

ϻڵĵȷʵ.аЩԼĶ˺ü¯
Ȼ뷲˲ͬҲǷ˳֮ʼУԻһЩ뷨
ˣ߶Ժϻڵӡ㲻ϺãΪϻڵĵӸܴһա

ϸһ룬ϻڵֻܿ˫˫ޣͺڵĵӲһ
һOīһǶʱ䣬δ˫ޣֻīֿ֮ȥˡ

Խ࣬׾ԽԼؿѹһʯͷʼԼʦǰΪ

ֻԼСʦںϻⱰ΢ģҲСʦܺO֮Ӧ޿ˡ

īȻҲ֪һȺߵĵֻЩˡ
ʲôҲܣֻ뽫ϻڱ
ֻҪϻڲΣգôOҲͲôൣǣܹΪѾܸˣؼʱīϣЩӰ쵽O

Щ߸Ͳ⣬ǰһɳһȽȨߣֶī˵ī֪Լ£ԾϣܹΪİΣ¼ӹħ֮Ľ硣

ī⻰ЦһʲôѾħΣħ˺ϻڣѵڻ½֮ЩħСආΣǣ

ǸߵʱһƬ졣
һǰ˵īˣħںϻڲǱȵģҪںϻڣ磬ԭΪϺԼĺӡ

ī˵ȷˣҲӦŭȫϣO㣬ȫԼȡ

⻰׷üͷ
ղ˵ǸֵīΪ˵õOҲˣΪִ鰮أ

ī˵Ⱳӿ粻ȥĽ٣Ӧܵġ

߿ףҡҡͷȴֲģīǲ׼ٹħĽ磬īҲ׼޲ӹ̣
ī˵ľǽϻڵãҲûܹ۸ϻڵĵˡ

һܾͷһ
ϻڹīдţīĸԸǲ󷨣ôҲī

һЩȥŮߣŵǰī˵īҪҵ£ҲǿԵģΪַǵҪOأ

˳Ĭ￴ֵѩЦ㣬ҶȻ˵ֻ仹пᲢ۵ߣǵСʦ壬ȻһˣվǰȴҲԾɲƺͷء

λŮҲ˲ŭѩǺϻڵĵӾȻ˼˵Ϊǣī䵽ز𣿡
еɣΪȫ룬ϣܹħ糹׻ޣ󻼣ֻǺϻڲ뷨īЩ͹󷨡ٴηħսǺϻڵܱסԼأ

ѩ˸ۣ֪ǺϻڲڴϳˣҵΪλ룬ϻڽҹͬӦ¡

ǸŮ߾Լˣˡ
ѩղΪβ˵⻰ƫҪԼַ֮˵Լ

Ҳû˹һŮ룬ҵ֪ϻ֮󣬾ͷ׷׽ϻڡ

ϻ֮ǰīߣīͷԽбƣʳһ䣬OһǷܹ֪Բ

īԼʦ֣ʦ֣ѾûлһҲֻҪԼܹͺϻڣӡ

Ҫ˵ʲôīȴʦȥħ޲Ǹ󷨣ͷʦ˵O˵ңɣҲԺϻڱһĸм֮顣

Ҫ͵OҲǿʦ֣ҪһжΪ֪ʦһʮ־ᣬҲʦֲҪΪκ£Ƕİˡ
һ𣬵Ҳ

ֻ̾һϻڡ

߽ϻڵãûпOȴܷ

ܷںҧ䣬˵Ļǽ϶ȥī𣿡
˵߿϶ģֻ֪ʦܹ붯ī𡣡
ܷ˵ī֪ҵ˵Ҳ붯

Ҫô죿̫ˣ᲻û취ħͻħ磿
ǽϺһֱϵġ
ϻ˵ôˣǿ϶µģǾȲܣǳȥɡ

Ȼϻûȷ̬߱㿪ʼ
һҪ°ܺϻڣһȴ־ãϻڽħںϻѾ㹻壬ڱȥīԺϻ˵ʵ̫ƽ

ϻ˳ֲ̬
ܷһѹӿѽ뷲ǺҲû̫ĲͬҲǻݣдеǰ˵Щ߻ء

ǰһЩС˵ʱܷͷЩߣʵ뷲Ҳ˶٣ԾԾɻΪ֡
Ҳֲħħ硣

һ죬Ҳûгκν
ܷص֮ǲһʹˡûȥǳܵʱЩøҲû̫𡣡

һԭûôʿô˶ߣܷȴָ
ܷҲʮָпҲ֪ܹһأ˵Ҳ䡣
ΪһԽӽһִˣϲǺܿÿġ
ڵΪѾ㹻ܹ꣬꣬Լĺӳ꣬ѾǺ˵ˡ

ܷôִš

Ȼȴ˵㲻õģ˵Уһ

ܷ˲˫ۣ⻰ʲô˼˼˵ܷɣ٣
ܷ붼Ǹ롣
Ӧ˶þͻ
ΪѾҪָԼ֮ǰ۷ʱڣʱĿҲ˶Զˡ

ܷ͵͵ָһ㣬Ҳʱ䣬ͻ
ʱСֻ϶ȥɽ磬񲻾ԼСֻҸʱ䣿
ܷЩģɿ֮ȴ־úЩź
ȴ֪ԼΪʲôź

ҡҡͷȽ飬ߣܲæѽ
Ƴһۣ˵

ܷܲܰǰħϻħ磿
⻰û̫仯Ʋųæ˵ĻȴܷͷԣֻҰ㣿

ܷüͷΣҲ֪ʲô˼
òһΪҪ㣿
ܷԼԼоʲô˵֪ǰ㣬пܻˣ˵Ϊֻ½

ܷſ˵˫ضڿϣֻĴΪôۣһҧȥ
ſʼ˼˵Ļ
ߵ˼ԼпΪ½
˼ԼΪȥ
ܷȶΪϻڵĵӣΪʲô취أ˫޺ҲҲˡ

ܷ޹ģֻԼô뷨
룬Ҫ˵
һֻεƶǰߣֱҪƲסĵ׵ӿ
ܷǿڵߵΪ½ˣҾ͵ߵ¯˫ްΪɡ

⻰һڣܷоԼ˶ըˡ
Ϊʲô˵ֻ
ﾹȻһҲڣе㼤ô£
ͻȻҪȥħ͹ߴ򶷵ĹвҪ顣

ܷΪԼȥҪ߻ħˡ
˿ȹûһܳ˿

˺һɽܷñϪˮգ˿˹

֮󣬿һĨЦ⡣
֪һΣȻȻ֮ʵûöãܷ˵Ҫ˫ްԼΪ֮󣬾ͣȻ
ܷ˵ǻ֮ķӦǲҲ˵ܷʵԼ˫޵ģ




62.   62    ˸ס

ܷ뿪˿֮, ̾ȥ˺ϻæϢ
ϻ֪Ϣ֮ҲһĨЦ, ֻҪߵİæ¾ͻ°빦, ħͻħ, ϺͲٱħ, ϻҲΪħĴڶΣС

ܷҲϲͷ, ǵѽ, ʱҪʲôʲôҲõħںϻ, ʲô鶼ηηŵġ

ϻԼͽȥ֪ͨŵˣǵҶңҪ顱

Щɵź, ЩΪϻھȥ˵īʱ򻹺ڴ
֪ϻҪ顣
ϻ˵հѴҶۼħ¡ȻħҪӹ̣ҲӦóħͻħ硣

һλ˵ӴһηħѶȣħںϻҲ㰲ȫ, ûжͺϻΣ𣿡

ϻһЦгһգħϲϺԼɾʧЧˣʱϻں綼Ҫѹ𣿡
Ҳ֪ħʵȻǿǶ, ǿ϶䡣
ħ֮˾£ΪÿһǲҪ˲ԼʧЧˣĸɾħĹ

û˭ҺħգԭħܵʱʱضƸ۵ƣϵߣħҲһܾˣԼ

ϻһ˵˸Ϊϻ˵úеħȷʵûʲôΣգֻҪһմ磬һղᰲ
ȷʵ˭֪ʲôʱֻᷢ衣

ȴЩǣƻûģҪβܽϻħ磿±ȷħĽ绹Ҫѡ

˱㿪ʼνϻħ硣

ʼʲô֪ΪϺ˫á
ϺĶ֮ŷֺϻھۼ˲ɵߡ

ۿЩߣЩ߿ǳ˿־ͳޡ
ںϻתһȦ˺ϻںɽںɽ˫Ƶˮܷ

ܷûзֹѾԼߣ߽ʱһؿںһŻ
Ȼ뱧˫Ƶ뿪

˲һֱںϺ˫ϺҲ˵˻ᾡסô׼ûãͳˣ

ܷ˼ҪҪԼ뿪֮ǰáÿŶ̼̼磬ٻȥϺߴһʱ䡣
ȻȽϺܹǸ׼ʱ䰡

֪ͳôһСѾ˶ߣСѾͷڼƻʲôأ

ܷ˵ʲôֻѺðˡ

ЦһȻǲĹɱƭң˵ʲôħ磬ôҪôŪħĽ磬ôħ޳𣿡

緢ǵжЩźѾµ
Ͼֻ˫ޣҲǲܷ
Ѿ֪ӦܷҲǾѵġ
ԼĻ޷ƭ磬ֻʵʵԹ˵Ҫǿħ֮Ľ󷨡˾ôħޣ㲻֪𣿡

⻰⣬Ҳ⣬Ϊסħ֮ҾʤСѾͷ֪ܲǰħսһɱ˶ߣֻҪǾħսˣҶ֣ǿɶ̰˰

ܷµӣ˫ƵЩʲôã֪ˡˣֹǵ뷨

˵Ҿ֪ҵѡ

ܷ²⣬ôԼǰ֤ԼΪԼ˵˶Сִ̼
ܷ֪ħ𲢲ǶС죬ȴҲԾɶϲ
ΪԴϺͳ̬Ⱦܷܲϲһϸİ£Ҳһϸĸס

ҫ֮Ҳúܷ˵̫û˼ˣȥϺ
֮ܷĵһڡ

ﱧŵ˫ƵҲʼ˵
֨֨˵һҲϲĸס
ߴߴԵѽ˵ҺͽˣǵÿǣͲʱֻͳ˫ޡ

ܷ˫Ƶʲô취أҪ߳磬һҪŬһǿߣֻܹԼϺǿסġ

⻰˵꣬ʹ˿ôֿסˣ
ߵܷǰ۵׾ָͲҴڴĸ䱦κζҴûа䲻ҷҲÿղطҰæԸ磬ҲӦˣһʲô㿿סģ

ܷ˫ƵߣĸףǱѽ

һס

ܷ˰죬ȷʵ벻ʲô׵ĵط
һһܷʶĴģ
Ȼܵܷߣÿһʱ䣬ܣ㿿סҿס

ܷҲ밡ÿοʱǻһЩ˼
ܷȥ˫Ƶ֮ԼͻԿģܵġ

ܲˣſȸԭͣĶҲֹסġ
ֻܷſʹš

***

Ҫ¼ӹħ飬˶Ѿ֪һǷħģ춢Ϻ⣬Ϊ˳ħĶ

߶ڹעħħʱһ˹עȴӦ¡
Ӧһʦ֣Ӧһͬ뽣ڣҲ÷
֪ԼӦ֮䲻ܣÿοӦ壬̲סҪչ

ЩӦϵĳ޷ӣۻλʦ֡
һ֪Ӧ֮˿ƣȻΪʼ

ϴӦ̸λʦ㣬ԼʦüôҲ㲻ʼɣ˭֪ΪǸ˷˶˼Ҷҵ֮ҪĨɱء

ӦʦȴΪģôܻɱʦãǸСʦģҪɱСʦãôʱ˭Ҳû׿˵ɱ˫޵ǸˣһֻǴŶѣ˵ǸˣֻҪһֻ֮ܷᵶ.롣

˵ţԽǷ߷߲ƽʦҲ֪ϻЩŮӹ˵ıжħīܹֺ֣οأ

Խ˵ԽǳҪʦóڶı顣
ӦʦԼѾȰˣҡҡͷᡣ
Ӧʦ壬ֻϣԼܹʦԭӦӵеҸ˫ָʦ÷ϡ

֪ħ޲죬ħı߽磬Ǹʱ򣬵ȫʿ

һܿ͵ˡ

ϺڣϺĹ磬ĵӿֳһİ
ǼĿģҪ뿪ˡ

ϺЦŶԹ˵ħˣ֪ʲô𣿡
Цһ첻Ҫ޲ħʱ𣿡

Ϻʵħˣ㲻ȥһǸرˣǲǾҲܻħˣͲԼһ̫Σա

ħתͷϺ۵һ˿ζڹң

Ϻƫͷֻ룬ħ統汻ȫҪȥȻھħԾۼһħħħȷʵЩ̫ǳվǳõİ취

ȴȫȻģ㲻õǣι̣ҲѲסңʹ޷ƻ磬һҲܵġȵħʺϳ壬Ҿʹħ磬ʱܸһȥٺòˣͷ

Ϻϵתͷ˵ħˣȥһɡ

Ϻʼǵǣ޿κ̾˿Ǳȥһ˫޵ʱ

֮ȥħı߽硣

ܷһֱڿߵġ
Ҳͺϻڵӱϵѩ֪ϺħѾܷʮֽţһʿߣ첻ʧܰɣûаϻħ磬϶緢ġ

⣬ȴǷǳĵĻشܷ⣬İɣҲֻһˣôǶûа취ͻħ磬Ǿֻˡ

ܷһ㶼ûбοԽš
Ƭ֮ǵħĽ߾īѾڴ˵صȺʱվڵĵӣڽīһͬ󷨡
ī֣OīջǴӦˡ
֪λὫħϻħ磬Ժϻ˵Ǽ£δôԥ

ܷĿȴһϣǾŮӦ塣
ܷӦĻᲢֻ̫࣬ÿش¼ʱ򣬲ܼһ档
ʱڿӦ壬Ӧһαһ㲣Ѿʧȥ˻

࿴ӦۣӦҲ߿
ܷæƿĿ⣬ӦӣԾܹоӦǸߡ

üͷ΢ʲô
ܷˣԿ˵Ҿýڵ״̬Щԣܾûʲô񡣽ǲǳʲôˣ

ѵŮзʲôҲ֪İ
ǺϻҲǰԾۼˣôûдЩأ
ֻ֮ǰйҥԣ˵ӦǵͿ˫޵ǸˣҥûдþͱѹȥˡӦҲûʲôòǡ
ԭӦʱӦѾڽ䡢Ů֮䷢˶оôһ㴫Ŷûأ

ⱾԲ־ŮԲԼŮɽ硣
ܷż룬ǵȵŮĸΪߵԭֵ״̬ôⱾǲǣӴĽǶ˵Ѿˣ֮Լô裬ܵԭӰ죿
ϾŮǸʱѾȥɽ硣

ţīڵ˿ʼ²󷨡
ϺҲħһ߿ħ̵֣ħм䣬ؿħ
һλΪ˵㲻ҪҪƻǲõ󷨣Զħ֡

翴ԶīЦһǻҪǷܹסң󷨵סңҪԼΪˡ




63.   63    ʲô飿

⻰߷ŭ, ȻЩȴû˹硣
룬˵Щ, ǲƽϣصħ֮, 㻹ܲôš

ڴʱ, ǰǸ羹Ȼһѿһ϶
εĽüͻȻ, ħǱû֪, ķ϶ֻһħޡ
ôһħ޿Ľ, ̻ȥ֪ͨħˡ
һν类ȺɵԼƻ, һҪúðסλᣬɱƬײ

翴ҲЩ֡
˵īӦòʧֲŶԣΪʲôýķ϶ѿڣ
ɻ֮ʱ, ԱߵOԼߵȷ׷׼һʱ֮ôܵĹʹҪȴҲûץסõʱ
ع֮ʱ, ŷЩ˹ǳͬһĿģ뽫ħ磡

ʱ˿̣ˣΪʲôǸѿ϶ΪЩ˲ʧ뽫Լϻȥ
̷ͷħ˴򶷶Կ
ɾ, ѾʧȻ
󣬹类O˵ĳ籺ͱһ飬ֲס޴Ĺħ硣
صħһ˲䣬ȥֻϺޱվڽ⡣
һ˲䣬ˣһеһжֻһƭ֡ϺͲΪ˳壬ֻҪԼͻħѡ
һ룬ǰա

ϵһ˲䣬綼ڻ
ֻϺޱؿŽͷųɫԡ
֪ΪʲôϺԼûôġ

ʱͻȻһӰȻһ§ס
ϺͷȥֻܷõЦϺ˵ڿ԰ħ𣬲۸ˡ
Ϻ˵ͷͷܷһ¶һĨЦ⡣
ҲǣԼܹԼˣҲҪһ˼¡

ȻѾϣڵȴҷɣԾҪɣ˲ܳõĽħԼħ޵˵ڽ֮⣬Զ硣

ŵڿģû뵽һξȻ˳ûκεĴ򶷣Ҳûħ޳϶ħ˳Щ߶Щš

϶Ц⣬ȴһ޿ȺĽ㣬Ҳǿ
˾Ӧʦ֣ڽΪԼСʦʲô

ԭˣǲǵģһ뵽СʦѻѾòСʦɵȻݣӿһ޶ŭǰһָſʵߣǰСʦ˫ޣΪʼƫƫϻڵĵһȻΪҲ۸ˡ

⻰һ˵Ŀ⣬ܷ
ܷôҲû뵽ѾɢﾹȻкѾˣֱӱš

ǸߣƬ֮󣬾Щ졣
֮󣬲û̫ŵĻᣬ첢ΪǰߣΪԭˡ

ŮԭеʵŮʦ֣һִҸжˡ
ǰԭܶΪΪŮõ飬ʵŮΣյУ˺Ǳ
ܷû뵽Լܹ֮ߵɧ

ϲŮϲ÷ǳұ̬һֱһҸж״̬С
ΪõϲǿŮҸŮһֻԼûŮҸ飬Ӷλԭ˺ܶǵŮ¡
ҲЩŮ䷴ŰŮ

˵ЩϵĻЦ⣬Ǵ𾪡
û뵽˾Ȼʿ
ȻԼҲǳ棬Ӧ徿ʲôϵ

֮ڵߣ̲סֳһʱ͵ߵİԡ

֮һӦҲ쿴Լʦ֡
ʦôǵô˵ߣԼ߸ûκιϵģ
Ӧսĺɰתͷ֪Ϊʲô˿־֮⣬ȻһЩΡ

Ǹ߼Ӧ壬漴Цһ
ˣԼȷʵһëӦ
ԼǰӣôҲҪȥëû˽ѵӦһΡ
Ҳ֪ô££ڱٴ

Ǹߣ۵ûκθ飬˵ʲô
Ǹ߿Լʦã壬Ǹߵë
Ӧͷʹëó

ʱ߷׷ײ죡
ԭӦߵǻΪҥģʵڡ

ƬëһĨӵЦ⣬㵹ǸߴңΪʲôҵë

Ӧ忴еİɫë岻Ծʼ
죬Ҫ˵ࡣƬë֮ǰؾ񵽵ģû⣬ܷë
ǻߣȻ˵ڡ

ߵʦֻʦã˵ɣôߣһֹġ

߷׷һǴñǿɲӿϷıȰܵġ

ӦۣëſϴԼǵ˫޵ǸˣҪ
һҡߣҵ

Ȼ⻰һеëȻȼһ
˲䣬Ӧʦ־ͱǻΧˣ
ҽʱ쳹ʣ

ϷܷҲŻս
ȻԴ˫޵Ǹ
Ǹ˲ŮҪյ˲Ů

ܷԼĶӣ֪˫ƵǷܹҹס
ҪǰһжԼΪȴһ俪ڣǣѵΪҵʱʧǣʲôҲ֪ˣ
߰Լ°ͣʱգ̫Ϊһƭ𣿡

ָһǻ澹ȻԽȼԽӦʦֵĲҽ
ӦѾӵǸëȴ޷ıԼյʵ
ƽЩȫȻͬӦҽţʺͿ־壬˫Ŀ죬ħﴦһƬڡ

ʱòԿߣɵĵʲôطòԵģԸΪܹһ棬һ
һϵߣҪͷǽڵĵӣôҲӦøһɣǾ

ЦһҲֲֻ֪ߵغɵӻңǴǰɱ˵ʱ˵𣿡
ǳ֮ȴֻһתȻҪ֪ǴҾ͸㣬Ҳ֪ԺٴЩƵҥԡ

䣬ͷԼܷζЦ⣬Ǵʹ붥浱Ǹ˵ĵλãúô
ǽڵ˹Ȼģô˶֪ܷǵ˫޵ˣôǽڵ˻ΪӦ˫ˡ

⻰һ绩Ȼ֮ǰҲֻϹȻʵˣ
ϻڵӹȻ뵱߶ɱ˰أ˵߻æҲǺܷ˵Ĺأ
ϻڵOϺ಻⣬ǵǿܷ𾪵ʯӣ׷̾˿
Ȼһֱûиܷ

ܷˣ
ڸղţӦԱпʱΪ֪Ǹ˭أ
ԱŮԼΪԼѾˡ
Ǹոձű࣬ܷо˶ɵˡ

ʱ䣬ǵ˵ʲôҵǸˣһҪʬεĻ˿һֱԺӥһХûа취˼ֻһ뷨
ܣ

ƶԼĽţЩ˵껰ٴλͷ־ٴϮͷ
˼βõӦ԰취ʶһ㣬̷ˡ

˫һУһ̧ž׷
OһĻ۸
δ䣬ܷˡ

ʮ⣬ܷôˣ
ǰ˿ˣѵԼ֪Ѿ֪ǵǸˣ
Աߵͷʺţ˵ʲôôоƿ

˶Ѿ²ܷͿ֮ࡣ
˲ò̾߻ǳסܷ˺ЩأǱŪڹ֮ˣ

ߵĽҲ÷˻𣬾ӦǸߡ
ֻӦ˫Ŀ񣬺Ѿڻ䡣

ֻûж˹ĽǸðƻľأҸ֪ܷ׷֮֮ᷢʲô

ڲ󷨵īҲʶתͷܷʧĵط
Աߵ׼ˣһ뵽Լʦܸ֪ܷĺӣһ
׾Լһ߻ħоԼѾ˺롣
һīȰţǰīһȴ֧ԼСʦܣܷݸСʦܡ

***

ܷѾܲˣƴܣʲôûУ
˫ƵҲӰ쵽ֻֿš
֨֨עԼĶ򣬡裬ѽҪ׷ˣ
ߴߴǻ˵ˣ£Һ£ܰ

ܷ֨֨ߴߴĻܷÿһζҪܣȻЦˣΪѣ
ܷ棬أ֪ԼӲǺ£ʶҪܰ

ȻƽȻҲǷĲڣټĽźͿ־壬һңһţȻԼԼһ£
Ŵӿ£̵Ϣ֤Լ֮ǰٴסΣ
ȻûãһӰͻȻ֣§תԱһòϡ

ܷ£ǰ§ԼĿµûһ̣ͻȻóԼĵԱ˵˾䡰һáͽͰͶԿ˵ɱңҾӾ

΢˫ܺãŵˣûг֪вԼء

˫ƵҲ̿ڸ͡
֨֨ҪǸɱ裬ҺߴߴҲˣӾ
ߴߴӾۣǻ

ٴαЦˣҧгݵǣʲôʱ˵Ҫɱˣ
ǱˣܷСҲвˣ

ܷðβŷӦĻȷϵ㲻ɱң
ʲôʱ˵ɱˣ
̧ܷŵòҰ׵Сǣѵˣ֮ǰ˵ǵ˫ôÿǲɱġ

ܷǵãɱῼǼ˫ޡ

ߴߴ𣺡˫ޣ֪˫ްɣҪɱ

ܷлл㰡Ů
ǣ˫Ҳ°Ǽֱֹĥ

΢˫Σտܷʲô飿




64.   64    СʦѧȻ

ܷ˿Ļ, ԼԼı鰡
ͷԿ˵ûʲô顭

ֻЦһ, ǡ
ȻЩղŻҵĺв, , ҲĺӰɡ

ܷԾɵͷ, , Ҵˡ

ȻܷѾǸ, ǿ֪ΪʲôǾò⡣
ܷͷһ˵֪Ӧô𣿡
ܷ֪, Ϊղ̫£ӻ崻޷ת

̧ͷ˿һ, ܷ뵽˿ɱԼԭ򣬡Ӧһϸ¯
ݣ֪ԼǷܹݣȻ˧Ѿйһιϵ, Ƕιϵµļ䲢ã¯ݻЩִġ

¯񲢲ô򵥣ܷҪ󣬡ǾҪûǸҶ˫ˣûУûãǡ
һǾͺԡ
ܷһʱ֪ԼӦõʲôˡ

˵Լ˵Ļŷſܷ, ߰ɣȥˡ
ܷʵȥ
ϻڻħ
ȥħ磬սҲ̫˰ɣղȫ綼˿ĻҶ֪ԼͿĹϵˣȻǰţڻȥǣЩεġ

ڿ˵غϻڡ
ܷûɸڿ뵽ղŷ飬ǰһ磬Щǣ°ɣ
Цһ㻹оʱˣ
ܷҲûʲô

תͷܷð㣬ƭңûʲô

ܷһ𣿡

ûС

ܷ˿ġ

˻ص˺ϻڣûжˣҶȥħ߾ˡ
ֱӴܷصԼĶڰϿܷ

ܷһҡһû׼á
۵Įܷٸһʱɣеš

ŴӦܷ
ܷԼĶ
˫Ƶ˿ߡ

ܷصԼĶһʱЩԱա
û뵽ԼѾˣʲôʱֵģΪʲôһֱû˵
ңԼ֮ǰ˿ΣһԼҪ˫ްɡ
ȻѾ˵ˣǸԼĳ࣬ԼĳΪ¯ôҪԼˣ

ܷй˿
ˣЩҲûãõİɡ
磬Ҫôڵ⡣

ܷԼôܻ᲻¯ԼҪһȨ
ҪȨҪԼʵ
磬ΪʵܹȨ
ԣԼһҪԼΪ
ҪϿҲ̫˰ɣǱԭ˺ȣڶѾҪˡԼֻһڵ߶ѣͿ֮ʵ̫ˡ

ܷһʱ֡

ȻԼԶϰȻֻ֮ҪȻ֮ˣԼ˵ȻߣӦҵһЩҪ
ܷҲʧΪһð취

׼ȥ󷭿Ȼ֮ؼúþһ£ȡһܹ
˲ҵȻ֮ؼͻȻⱾѾ˺ܶΣôôɣһҲǺϻڽķַ

ûһͳȥƬ̺ڲϣȻ붨ˡ

ûлغϻڵЩӣħ߾Ųýء
Oһ²úã̸ϻغϻڣҪȷܷ
֮˵ܷڲO˵ȥæԼɣȥ
Ȼȥ˲

һ߽붨ܷ͸оˣۿO˿漴¶Ц⣬Сס
OЦߣʵôˣΪͿһء

һܷЦʧˡ
O΢ôˣ۸ˣ㲻һ𣿡

ܷô׶֪ҪΪ¯ˣԼǵǣҾǲ̫ϰߣһֱΪ֪ġ
OӦ֪ѾһʱˣȻʱһֱ㣬Ҳû㲻Ը飬͵ǰͺˡ
䣬O뵽һֿܣ㲻Ըһ𣬿ֱӸҪ㣬ңҰѵ

ܷе㼤԰Լ׵İԼҲǺء
˫ʵףܴ𣿡

O˼Ƭ̣Щѡ
Ȼܷ͵ޣԭΪͱҸߣҺϻڵĹ˫޹Ǵ򶷹
O˵˴ЩΣײãܹһ㣬Ҳûܹ۸ˡ

ܷ˵ҾʵģҺѾôˣǰҲһ˫޹ҿԽܺ˫޵ģ㲻õģֻͻȻѾ֪飬ЩӦܽŰˡ

O˵ܷҪסʲôԸģһҪңһᱣġ

ܷͷOţ֪

վO˵Լʵ뷨OȻԭĸףԼôܰˮء
һĽ취ģֽ׶ΣԼȻ֮ɣ
ǰҲֻ˸ѾмֻҪԼȻ֮ȫգһܻһԼڵľ

ܷһǺóһʱ䡣
û뵽ܷԼ¡
ܷպ󣬾ЩͷſҪȥˡ

ŵĵӸ߿ߣСʦ붨ˣȻأҪ𣿡

üβһͣԼĽŲã֮Ҿͺá
û뵽ܷᾫȻȻԼʧء
ܺõˣԿСֻ˵ǲϣΪ𣿡

СֻǺܶµĹԱͣ˿
ˣҪء
ҲҪŬˡ
֨֨ʿŬʱ򣬷𣿡
ߴߴҲʮڴҲҲڵˣ

Ҫ೤ʱɡ
ȻֻԼҲҲŬһ
ܷôϲСֻչسܹ֮СֻѾһǳϲΪ

ţȥĲԽˡ

***

ʱĽڣӦ˫Ŀڴϡ
ϴˣɻݣǰò

ߣǸʦ۶ᣬǺοأ֪ԼĲǸˣΪʲôҪð䣬ôúƭģ֪Ǹʮֶӵˡ
Ȼĳȴͬ⣬ŭΪڵӣȻûйǿ壬ô

Ӧָ΢ǸѾȼˣˡ

ڳֵΪôţ˶ҷŻԽԽţ

ʦ㻹˵ʲôȴڳϵʵӣٿڣ̾˿ӦҴЩҩ㣬ϽͿϣհϵİȥ˲ǡ

ʦóЩҩӦȴܾˣʦ㣬лл㣬ҲҪЩϰɡ
Щ̺ϣܹסԼܹЩˣ֪ԺӦҪβܱѡ
ҲòˣԺҲФ롣

ͷһŻѪ
ʦæȥǵѪգ̾˿˵壬˵еģڵ̫Σˣȥһɡ

ʮѵãֻнڵ棬ܹó˽ӻ
Ӧٴҡͷ
˫ۣԼﴦĺЩѾʮŨţԪӤ
Ѿܾȵ˵ġ
еִۻ֪ԼħѾ

˵ʲôѣФҲֻǰοԼĻѻѡ
ⱲҲûа취ִ߳ 
ҲԼȥɡ
ֻȥأ

Ӧ彫ԼʦߣһڶɵħԽԽŨ׽ԪӤɡ

ٴα˫ۣħش̼˼
ƾʲôƾʲôܷܹһ߻Ϊô࣬һֱԼںϻڣһжܷġ

ûܷڻѾˡ
ܷߵΪ߱չصʱǿ˫ޣߣ֮󣬻һֱߣΪҺɣһֱںϻڣһжܷĴ

һ˲Ӧۣ˫Ŀ죬ֻгޡ
ҪɱܷҪ߻عǰ
Ҫ߿Լ
ԸΪ߸һУΪʲôҲԣ

ʧԭء

˲֪Ѿ뿪ΪԼչ޸

Ӧ뿪֮ҲûȥܷҪȸԭԼ壬ҪԼΪָǰܷ򲻹
ҲҪָԼòҪĲǴǰԼ룬ϲȻʮŮߡ

ȴ֪ԼӦȥ
ε֮ʱһɢɡ
ɢɿӦ壬۵һ˿񶾣漴ڸסôǰȥӦ˵ħˣ

Ӧ̺һͳ˭
ɢЦֻһ·ĺ˰ˣڴ˴Ʈ޼ҿɹ飬һȥɣзܹκħ

ӦʱԼ·ˣһԼɢߣκħ»صڳ
һԼһֱȥϻܷɱֻܷɱܷħŻʧ

գ˫ۣɢˡ
ɱˡ
ҪǿÿܷӰ쵽Լ

Ӧɢ뿪ʱܷҲڲ۾
ϲطԼȻ֮˸߽ס
ԼȻѾ϶Ͳ¿ˣѾȲҪȥԡ

ܷϣ߳
Ųĵӿ˵Сʦ棬Ҹ㣬֮ȥĶ
ܷллҵȻҪȥĶѾȲҪˣ
ԼȻõģǾҲºͿദˡ
ʱԼͿʲôϵԼ˵㡣
ϾȻ˿ء
ֻҪҲ˫ޣԶƭ.




65.   65    ܾҵ

ܷ³˿Ķ
ǰһ, ֤ԼܹģúȻ

֪߽ĶͿԺ˫ƵˣĿ, Լ֮۵¶һĨź

ܷͲ̫ź, Ƭ֮, ܷڴˡ
סԼ˫Ƶ, ˫Ƶĵ, Сһ, ȻЩǸ˵еҪǵ˵Ȱȥ, ȥǣòã

˫ƵȻܷܣ趼˵˺͵, ҲֻܹͷɥĴӦ

ܷرԲף˶೤ʱģ֤һǡ

˫ƵӦ֮̧ܷͷ, ߣȥʦȻٻ

ɫǺܺÿΪܷղ˵Ǿ䵢˶ʱ䣬ܲҲܵźӵֻܷۣܵͷӦ

ܷ̱˫ƵȥOĶ
O֮Ҳ
֮ǰ, ᵽī֡

ܷ˵Ҵٽɡ
Oȴ˵û£˵ɣܷ֪ġ

ż˵īҪǺϻΧòٹ󷨣Ѿ಻Ĵš

OЦһЩղԼֻ֪˵ĴţҲֲ䣬޷
ܷŶԭߵĹѽԭԭ趨ľһȽϲԵ硣趨ҪΪŮŰģ֪ںϻڵİԱŮԶôࡣ
趨ûб䣬ԵĶˡ

O˵Ѿ˵ˣԺҪʲôҲᣬܲԸںϻڴ׹ںϻڼŰɣԿҲǡٹһʱ䣬֪Լʲôûãͻ뿪ˡ

ȻOܷܷʲô£
ܷԼ˫ƵݳȥҪʦչһеҪȽ֮Ҿǡ

OǺϲСġ
̽ӹ˫ƵЦŶܷ˵ʲôԼý̸ңһ㡣

ϻҲ˵СʦʲôºѣǧҪԼһ˱Ǻϻڶġ

ܷʱǸж
ϺΪʲôѳһ겻˷ˣͬ鷢ϣҲϣԼϻڴΣա
ԽϲţԽǲԸԼһôõźͽǣôһˮ

ܷҡҡͷûʲôر£С
OԼ˵ʲô

ܷҲýͣζĿת뿪
Ȼ»治˫ƵϾ˫ƵСأ

ٴλصܷڿһ˲䣬ʵЩҪ뷨
ıȷʵЩֲ̫ˡ

ǰʵôͻȻˣ𣿡

Цһһʱ֪οڡ
ֲ֪˵ʲôȴֲֵܶһʱĵ׵ʢ

ղǾ仰ŵŭܷ⽫֧ߣҪ˵ʲô

ѾµܷԼҪȻԼ˵ھԼ˫ޡ
ֻ˶ʱ䡯仰ǳһҪܷ֪ʱǲȥ˫ƵӻģǸʱ䲻ħϺĶ̡

׳־͸оܷԼʩչȻ֮
̲ס΢΢˫ۣĹֿȻ
ȻһܷģܹоܷȻ֮֮ǰǿ˺ܶ࣬ȿȻ֮Ҫ

»ǱȽ⣬ϾܷΪȻŬܹܷ˵Ǿ仰ŭ

Ȼεʱܷ˵ߣʵһ㶼˫ޣԲԣ

ľȻһ˿ҡȷʵܷȻˡ
ֻϻڵȻ֮ǹõ𣿾ڴ򶷵ʱʹȻ֮Ҳڹˡ
Ϊڵϣ㾹Ȼ˵Ļ

ܷ֪ġ
ֻ˫ãһ˲䣬֪Ѿˡ
ȻأȻ֮ʵǹõģҲԴﵽִʾߴߣ빴෴Ч
Ȼ֮ıʾҵ˵ǣԼ˵Ļ

Ч֮ԽԽ£
Ȼ֮֫ӴܹиõЧ
˿ߣԼָڿֱϣḧһ¡

ֻûһ˶΢΢һָо档
ܷԼȻȴҲǱֿסˣûбֳҪܷҪʲô

ܷſֱϼӲĽǣָڷ֣һ˲䱻ֿסˡ
ܷһԿʹȻ֮ߣ֪϶ģһ㶼˫ޣһֱôµˣô˫·أ

Цһ۵ȴǳԣסܷͳҴ΢ƣȷʵҲģɲ֪Ϊʲôһ޵ȴ־˫ҲԽܵ顣

ܷǻ飬˿տأ֪ʱӦóһ

ʹԼȻˣôܱ򵥵ƤӦҪȤܹ꣬Ϊ֮

ȻȴԽԽͺû仰ૣܾҵڶȻ֮

ܷȻһͣ˽ӲҶ⵹Ǹ˿ᣬ𽥿ܷܷĴ

ܷʶֵ̧סţҪƿ
ƶһ˲䣬͸о˼ʼЩңĴôů޷ܾڿ

˺һŷſܷܷѹ
ôֺͿˣ
һǿǼ̫õԭΪʲôÿһңҾʲôˣֻǣ
嶼ˣġ
Ծǿ̫á

ܷ֪ΪʲôﾹȻһЩź
߸˿ʮֵǼȴڸҪĵطֻһֵļɣǹһȴţһСС촰

̾˿̧żޱ鿴Լ΢ŭָ𣬡㾹ȻԱȻ֮

ܷʱٿĪ硣
Ȼ֮õǷȻ󣬵ΪʲôЧԼôͬ
ѵΪϻڵȻ֮ԭƳ˵ģԼҪ֮Ȼ֮ЧûôˣԴЧ

ͣܷҲ벻ġ
ԼڲٺͿһ䷿ȥȻ֮к󾢣Ͳǽˡ

ܷ˸ڣʦЩæұȥСֻȻʹŵʦˡ
Ҳı飬̾ߡ

ת뿪Źǡ
ԭЩ⣬ܷȻô˳ӵԼ¯ȥȻ֮
ܷȻûʧ뷨˻ǲͬȻҲʱ˵Щҧ
ʱ仹Ժܻ֪Լˡ

ܷٴOĶϻû뿪ѩҲˡ
ѩ˸ı̬֮ѾǰȫȻͬ
ܷѩı仯Ǳǰϲˣаԣѩ

ܷˣѩæ
ܷȥһͬ£ӹ˫Ƶ֮󰲸˺һ󣬲̧ͷѩ˵ʲôϢ𣿡

ѩ¶𾪵ı飺ʵ˵СʦҲһϵ
Сʦ壬ǵõӦð㣬˵˫޵°ɣ

ܷͷ鲻ͽ𣿡

ѩԭҲӦǽˣһѾáʱСʦˣҪȥ׷㣬ʦ϶Ѿ𣡡
ص֮ҲʮأҪܳʱһˣ϶ԼһʵʵҩָԼò

ܷͷһ˵ȷʵӦġ
ŮⱾǲһˡ

Ȼѩ˵ûУ֪ʲôʱܵģǽڵһҪһڿͲˡ


ܷ𾪣˾
ôãȴû˵йκεϢԭΪѾˡ
ֺܷЩȻأҵӦ𣿡

ѩ˵ҵˣӦѾһɢɴߣҲ׼ؽڡ

ܷ
ڶˣ
ֻΪʲôͻȻôࣿ

ԭУŮؾ˸飬˻صžͿʼŰǲǵĸͻìܡ
ŮһŮǵݺ֮£ħħ硣
ԸڽڣԼǣѡ뿪
뿪֮󲻾ãһɢɡ

ɢ˵ԼԾŮʵֻŮɿܡ

ԭУɢɲûгɹŮȷʵħ»صţݺݵشŮ䣬֮ĸ˼֡

ܷ뵽ˣѩ˵ڵ֣֮ӦѾħ˵һпߺСʦйأСʦһҪСģӦûгȥħûעʱ֣˺Сʦ塣

ܷѩĻŵѵԼѾԭĶŮ䣬ΪŮҪĶ
ǰɣֻ˯˸ʶѡ
ȻŮھЩҲܿҲŮԼƭߣ˵ǵ˫޵Ǹˡ
ʱˣҲͽѵѵǸڳԵʦ֡

ŮôأΪʲôΧת

Ҫһ£ҾܲûôأҲûжʲôôܼҡ
ѩȴ˵ܶʱǺϻڵĵӲҪʲôͻΪȫĹУοСʦ㻹һˣڼأǰҲСʦأ




66.   66    ֪ʵϲס

ѩ˵һЩŮĻ, ȷʵܷЩš
ΪӦԿĸû뵽ġ

ԭУֻܷ֪ʼʱӦԿг֮顣ſǿȡ, תԼԿĸ顣
˭뵽Լ֮󣬿ٹעŮ, ŮԽԽִڿ
Ϊ˲ϧ, ˵Լ֮ǰͿ˫޵Ǹˡ

ܷǷ, Լδܳһʱ, ܶ뿪ϻˡ
īôŬ˺ķԼ, ӦǿסӦġ

ܷԼ뷨ǣİɣʱ䶼ŵ, ֻҪҲȥ˺ң

ѩܷ̾ϻӦֻСʦˡ
Ƭ֮˵Ҳ, ϾСʦǿɲУǻóȥ˫ޣ¯ɲ
ըգۣһɣ

ܷ˵ǿ, ˣǼȽ
Ȼ⻰ǲ˵ġ

ܷǴһʱ䣬һ֮󣬾׼ȥˡ
ȥ֮ǰ׼ȥϰһȻ֮һԼѧϰ棬Ȼ֮ûзǿãŻȻʱ, ȻԼҲ׽ȥˡ

֪˲ȴպÿӲ
ܷ⣺һޣΪʲôҪϻڵĲ

ܷ㣬Ҳᣬվڲſڵһ̹ģʵ޷ɡ

ܷߣʲô
ȴܷҷһЩǲطܾǰЩǶʹȻ֮

ܷ̱ñҡͷе飬ɲҪԩңôܶʹȻ֮룬ʲôΪʲôΪҶʹȻ֮Ҳûð

Դ˵ǱʾͬҲΪ
Ͳһˣܷԭһ

ܷǾϰȻ֮ȻѾʼɣǾ˵ԼȻ֮ûλȷʵӦϰϰ

ǿܷ볣ıӰЦһҡҡͷǸɵѾͷ˵ʲôš
տҲϰȻ֮ѾȻ֮ѧ˸߽ףϣһܷԼʹȻ֮ʱԼܹ޺ۼķ

Ӧ֪ܷʱ򣬻˵ŬܾͲħ
Ϊıǻϣġ

ܷڲѧϰգоԼȻ֮һ¥һһܹõ֮ǰõĽ
ٴ˿ص֮󿴵ڷ
ܷȻ˼ߵߣͷӵơ

ǳʲôЩ͵ͽʲô𣿡
ܷͲ̫ˣֻǵͷ˿˫Ƶûأôͱɵͽˣ
ؿſ˵ͺû·ȴ¿˵㲻ǵͽӣʲô

ܷˢһ¾ͺˣô뵽ӣȻ˼˵Լûд·ġ
ڿɿһֻȸëܿʲôѽ
طߣھһֻȸëȴ·˸Σôǵͽˣɱԩң

Ȼһ룬ȴͻȻΣֻһİɫ㣬ʲôûīڵͷɢڰļǰǿҵɫ˲ܷ˫ۡ
ܷ۾һʱ֪ţȴܿƵǰ˺üۣȻˣӶֻʣ֣÷ۡ

ƤԭͺܰףȻȴֲǹ֣·ʱ򣬿ż鸹ѧУսɫ㣬ҪĵطѾڸסˣȴԸС

ȻϵıôĹ°Įһ˿еĲмγԱȣͬʩ˷һƲۡ

ܷǰĻЩҲֻܿ壬ļҲ㲻Ǻܷḻ
ʱף˫ͨ죬Ʈˮޱȡ
֪ǣԼȻҲȿȥ
֮˶Ǽζģ

ܷԭΪԼһĻ֮󣬻תͷÿϽ·ϣȻԿ뷨ȴǣһѸ
еҪ֪ʵоǺӲģǳԵġ
ȻǻˣֻǱ̽Ҫȥ̽Ѱأ

ɾڴʱһڵͽӣ

ܷһ˲ѹתͷ˭ͻȻôͻȻҵȻӦˣ

Ȼȴ˵ֲû

ܷԼ˶Ҫðˡ
ǼѽɵʱôΣﻹ˼ȥ֮̾ʱӶǺʹԼҪ߱
Ǹʱֻ˿ط￴õϾ˾ô

֮ܶһˣȻʵҲôһϲ֮

󣬿վߵܷǰ
ܷԭ˫ۣȴֿѾ·
˵ȻǰѾ˫޹ˣԺҲвͬڴǰĹϵ뿴߱һ㿴ˡ

ܷԭһ¶ȥΪ仰˴ͷ΢΢顣
Ӳ˭뿴ˣ

˵ĿԴһ쵽ҪӣǾŹ
ܷôҪ棬Ҫһ滵ˣԺɾûˡ

ܷģ׼ŹԼҲ̱˫ƵͻԼˡ

˫Ƶ뿪֮Ȳܷ˵
ߴߴȻɰȣһ˵ȴ쳣ֱӣЩмܲס裡ոյ·֮Ϊʲôѽʲô˫𣿡
֨֨϶˫ѽ㿴ϺǰǸħͷ˫ޣÿζóʱ䡣ǲǺͳһȥϺȹϺ𣿿㿴͵ֻôһСԿ϶˫ޡ
ߴߴŶ

ܷͷۣС˵ʲô߰ģСӿɲ˵ĻҪԹԵ֮ſ˵Щ

ܷںϻڴţȷʵһı׶ˣǾǺпܻ졣
һ룬ִһЩСӾΪԽ㣬۸Ҳס
ⷽԼҲֹܹȷ˽ĸ֪ʶܹԺиľ飬ȥжԼ飬Ӧδȷġ

ܷ֯ԼĴǣ֨֨˵˵ģղͰְֲû˫Ŷ֨֨һĵط˫ҲϺ͹һһܳܳʱ䡣ʱиصӰ졣
ȻֲС̸̫˫ص飬ȷʵҲ̫á

֨֨ߴߴȻ棬ȴҲǶµĺӣ֪ЩⲻӦ̫ᣬ˱ܷȥҳ档

ܷ˫ƵϺĶ˫ƵֳһЩĳ塣
ĳѾһСˣһӹ˫ƵСϧ˫Ƶĵǣ֨֨ãߴߴãǽʲô

˫Ƶ򣡡

Լ򣬻ϲ
ܷҲǲ̫

ϺߣϺ˫Ŀ鿴ų˫ƵˣԼҲ΢΢۾Ϻħ֮ǲӾɶˣ
Ϻ˵ͷǵЦȴ˲١
ܷһ˲͸оЩԾսϺʵô᲻𣿡

ԭҲֻ̽Եʣȴû뵽Ϻȴͷһ㡣

ܷ￩һ£ԼƻһԵɣ˼£

ϺԼҲЩɣҲ֪Ϊʲô뷨Щʱħ֮ҵ¯ң˵Ҫ˫ޣȴǺԸ⣬ΪҿǿҵǴ.ģҪͨ˫ԼΪ

ںϻʵ̫ˣϻڲǵӻ¯Ҫͨ˫ΪϾǵĹСʦ֪𣿹˫޵ôã˵һħսʱ֮ٺϻ˫ޣûдʲôһֱڰҵΪ֪Ϊʲô˳ں˫ޣϾŵĵҪϻڵ˫ޣϣͨ˫Ϊġ

ܷû뵽ħȻġ
ħ𵱳ںϻ֮󣬲ҶϺ˫޵ԭ򣬡ֻΪ֤ԼǸرǿҲһ˫ѽôô˽

Ϻ̾˿ҲǺ֮һֱܿգҲ֪ӦҪνٵ⣬ҿе¯ԼҪ˫޵ЩˣͼŻңҾ͹һء

ܷ˱ϺҪɥ֪ҵͲϻħˡ
룬ĶϺ˵Ҫȥī𣬿ûʲô취ܹħͨ߼棿

ϺҡҡͷҲҲ˫ޣ֮ǰħ˫֮ûգպÿԺú
òװħ¸ϻħ磬Ҳϴλȥʱжֲٳ֣һŵ粻ð

ܷҲ֪ôˣǾϺԼ
ԺϺǺħȥī𣬿ûʲô취ͨ
Ϻϲħ𣬿ħϺֻҪ֤ԼħϺ˾Űѽ
ܷҲϺħŰ

Ϊ˴£ܷȥԼO
OǱѣİɣϺϲħģǺϻڵĵӣ˶顣
Oܷͱ㣬֪ʵϲ

֪Ϊʲô仰ܷͻȻе顣
Ҳûж˭ģ˭Ȼָľǿһ뵽Լ֮״̬ܷһֱŵĸо

ʵԼҲһأϲһˣȴ뷨Ҳİɣ




67.   67    裬ҳ

һϺO̸, ܷ˺þã֮ļ죬ҲҶԿʵʩȻ֮, ȻԼͿദʱҲǳ

Ҳڿ, ſԶ, Լ۾ÿ˷Ĺһֱ
õ, ̾ͱ˫Ƶ뿪
ٲȻǰѿûиķ

, ٴνϻĺҲȥ, ܷȾܵıӰԿ˵ҵû뵽һվȻҲᱻ, ֻɣ
ѽ㲻Ѿ֪𣿼ȻǶѾ˫޹ˣ, ӶˣΪʲôÿ컹ҪԼĶ˯
ÿضĻ˯Ҳ˯ģ

ûлش⣬ɫҲʮѿ
ܷѾ֪ԼȻ£ôЩô裿
֮Ƿǳ

ԸܷǺа취ġ
֮, ͸ܷ֪ǾҪƿˡ

ܷԭҲűŵܣ̼˵𣿡
æȥŵ˫ƵСҪƿѽ

߽Ա߰ǻȻΪΪʲôͻȻֻˣȻΪкϢ

ܷź˵ǿͳΨһĸɵأ

û뵽Ȼгһ̹һԼ﷨Щ, ԼԾɸУŷģܷ˵ǵȻҵĸŮҪˣҿ϶ҪϺ񡣡

˵ԼĿģȻѾҪƿǣͲҪٴǻ㶴һֱƿǾͺá

ʵ˫ƵƿǻкüգЩʱգ׼úõġܷһΪԼ֮ǰԶۡ

֪ܷһˣ̶Լ˵ȥҲ˫Ƶһƿǣ

ɫһڣΪʲôҪȫӦ
ܷһʱ侹δô࣬ΪװҲӵĸء

Ȼܷӿͺ￴죬ԼҲ̲סһī𻹲֪أɲҪ˵ȥˡ
ԭOīĺӣ

ܷ
ǲҪ˵ȥˣī֪ĺӡ

Ī⣬Ǻϻǲеʲô⣿Ϊʲô˺֮󶼲úӵĵ֪
ħҲˣԼиһ֪꣬Ҳǣ֮ǰûκ˰ɡԼ˵֪ĺӣҪɱڻôģΪʲôһֱǡ

ܷ룬Ҫڵѽ˭֪Ϊʲôˡ

̾ܽᣬܾǺϻڵŴͳɣ

ܷ˸˳ˣҪȥϢһ֤Сֻƿǣ

ıӰֻԼˮһա
ˣԺʱ仹Ҳ⼸졣
ܻҵѵܷ֪⼸

ܷܿ쵽OȴڵҲ
һֹܷ˻ͷOȴ˵Ѿ֪ԼݣûбҪ

̾˿˵ҽǸģôãҲ֪ʦʵˣҲˣǵӦ㣬ҲӦúϻв㡣
ī޹ģϣٸһᣬҲЩʱգһֱںϻϻڲ󷨣ҪһΪµġ

OһЦʵڻûпѾ֪ԼЩǴģڸľǲҪڲҺ֮£ԺΪҺī֮£Ҫ漰š

ܷҲԱ߸ŵͷ
ѽ˻˶ǵ¡
ûˣ
κһϱϵⶼмŵǸ/ϹϢϢأͳ/Ϲϡ
ԾīԭĵܷҲī޹ġ

û뵽ԼǸȻĽ֡
ʵҪЩ£ҲϣԼܹСʦ»ָյģҪͬһš

O˵ģΪܷĵҲǰߡ
뿪֮󣬿˿ϻ⾤ҵҵ󷨵īǻں޺ϧ֪ԼѪںϻڡ
һʱЩԥ֪ԼǷӦýܷĴڸСʦܡ

OĶڡ
Oܷü۷Ц֣ʲôϲˣ˵ġ
ܷ˵СֻҪƿףҪĸˣ

Oһ˲䣬Ҳû뵽Ȼ飡
Ǹоͷ·Ǳ˪Ͽһ˲䴺ůůⴵģЩţȵԼܷʱ򻹽ţҪƿҶû뵽죬ûи׼ء

ܷ˵ĸѽֻҪȥǣǿ϶ѾܿˣͲҪ׼
O˭˵ģȻҪ׼

O߽ң˺һóһ壬壬Ұ͸ǵﶼСһһݣҲÿ

ܷһͬȥ
·OЩпǸܷ˵ǰʱ򣬱ֻһˣ֮⣬˶֪ĴڣֻڴһֱΡ
ܹһͬȥȴǳ׺ܿģףĺܹôҸ۰Ҳܸж

˵䣬Ѿ˿ſڡ
ܷ̲סͣO㲻Ҫ˵ѽܹҳϣܹڴҵĳܹһֱҳ󣬾Ѿõˡ
ҲúҸҲ֪׺ء

Oβ΢΢죬Ц˵ǿȥɣҴ˺ЩӰʯһҪƿǵӼ¼
˵ܷԼǰҲ˺ܶƬƵأҲ˺öӰʯ˺öСʱͼƬʼֻôһ󣬴Ҹ㿴ѽ

ĸŮ˿䣬˫ƵһӰʯ˫ƵСʱӡ

Ҳ̽ͷ̽Կһ˫ƵССһŵʱǿɰҪͷ߿˵㿴ǵֻôһţأ̫ɰˣǰôûСѾͷЩӰʯóء
䣬ĿڿϣֻǰҲûпΪССѾͷĸףȻûпСʱӣ

ѾŽӶ죬OͰܷץӶúýѵ
Լ˫Ҳˣ͵͵Ҳƽϣ˺ӲԼǿԭ¡Ϊʲô鶼֮ȻԼ׷Сʱӣ
ЩһһܷϣԺһˡ

˵Լ˫֮ԼĺӣȻ¯ۡ
ֱǰʱԼ룬ԼֻһĻǰŮʱ򣬶ҪסԼĶվŻ˯
ٱӰʯ
ôһ룬ܷΪ飡

ͼϺҲˣϺ˳塣
ϺСʦ壬СѾͷҪƿˣ㾹Ȼ֪ͨңҲ߳壬ҿҪأ
ϻҲ˵Сʦãôֻʦ𣬲أʦʱ䲻㣬ʦ𣿡

ܷô֪O˵ǿɱţӻδƿǣҪ̫֪ɲáҲѾ֪ǵĴڣһƿǵġ

ˡ
ЩΧ˫ƵѾûλãվ˫ƵԱ߿˫Ƶƿǡ

˫ƵǺܿģڴƿǳǸŬҪǡ

ϺһУ̧Լĺӡ
СʦȣΪ̫ˡ
Сʦſʲôһĸ׶Ժӵİ

ʱ̧ͷϺ¶ɬЦ
һ㶼ԼĸףܷȷʵرãԼҲ֪ñǰԼҸܶࡣ
ⲢΪԼĸ׵ɣΪ֪Լĸ״ǰжѡ
Ȼķ̫ãԼ˺ܶ˺ʹɳҲĸףһжΪĸҪԼ

Ȼֽ˫Ƶϡ
ҲرڴõĳߺܷСʦ涼ôÿ֨֨ߴߴ϶ҲƯСŮ

⼸˼סڿ
Ϊ˷ò˵ɿȸ˫ƵԼ档
û뵽֮Ȼ
֪ȸֶ˺üֻϣЩܹʵһЩ˭Լ鴫ȥˣһŹǸˣ

Աߵܷźӻ㾫ģҲͻеԹ

ܷһ߸ӣһ˵ſȸĲƿ֮Ͳô࣬ʱúõϢһ£ƽ
˵ܷ¶ɽĺöأȵ㣬ҲҪ

ڣζпɣǱ¶ȹˡ
֮󣬴͵˵

գܷ۸СֻʲôɫСµʱ򣬷ͻȻһ˶

ƿˡ
ܷ̻ͷſ˲Σ˫Ƶ

˫ƵǱѾһѷ졣
֨֨𣬡ãһǾҪˣ
ߴߴӦͣţߴߴŬģѽ

ѽһȻһֻѾ˳
ֻܷĽѾӣգգ۾צ

鿪һȻһ˵С̽ͷգźڶС۾˿ΧˣܷϣС裬ҳ
ߴߴڿ˵㣬ȵˣ

ܷʳָĴָСӵ̽ͷһ滹һֻС

С£Ѿ׼ˡ
˼С͡ë׵ôɰඥ׵С΢Ƶӿͷһ죬Ҳôɰ
ΪʲôСȸǣͻ˵ģϵëЩֲңһûУ




68.   68    ôƯѽ

Сȸƿ֮, ֻܷͿƬ̵㶡
ѾԼճʱʲôӣֻ֪ԼһˣŮҲûÿ
ܷòҲٮٮ, ȴֻˡëҵĳС

ҲֻֻСȸòÿǱȵĶˡ

OСָСֻСԴ, ë޵Ĵ̲ס̾, ɰ, СԴë޵, Сʱһɰأ
ܷ
ƫƫֻСȸСԴ, òˡ

ϺҲ̲סһֻСԴȳСʱɰ, СʱʱͰ͵ģСһ
һҲû, ԼںˣͷʾͬǶÿɰҲһ𣿡
ȻԼĸ׵Ĺ£СֻëԴ, һҸӡ

ԱߵҲʮĽߣﻹʲôֵܽûе£Է֡
һ֣Ͳشϻˡ

֮Ҷ֨֨ߴߴرɰ
ܷ΢һҲֻųȳȵġ

СֻҲ֪ǲˣԽ, Լÿɺÿˡ
ܷһʱ֮Ҳ֪ǸǸøˡ
룬Ǿ˰ɣɲϣԼĺСѼһСʱôԱ

ǲ֪ǣСֻƿǣϻھȻٻš
ϻԭ໨ݣҺϻ㣬ݳҲȽϷïСֻƿǵʱ򣬺ϻڵĻݸӷʢΧſĶš

һĵַ׷׾죬ʲôΪͻȻٻˣ
֪ȥɡ

˺ϻ֮󣬲ŷֺϻԼĶ
˵ȥߵĶ
˸Ӻ棬ǷʲôŻ׳۵ľ

ںϻⲼ󷨵īҲͻȻֺϻӳǿԼ𽥸ӷʢİٻ
Ҳһоų

Ǻϻôʲôų
Ȼϻڵĵ˫ޣϺδ˵ڡ
īڤڤֻ֮оһΰٻţԼϵ

ֻƬ̣Ͷ뵽󷨲õĹС
ϻڵĵˣǼʹ֪ܹĳЩ̫棬ȴҪ֪ʲô
оͰѩ

ѩֱӵ˿ſڣ㴫ߵĶʲô߶ʲô£ΪκϻͻȻ֮ٻţ

ϻ̶˵СѾͷƿǿô򵥣ѩ˵ٻˡ

ܷͻȻһš
Сֻħӵ£ᱻ֪˰ɣ
Ҳҿ϶ϻжܹܣСֻħӡʵϣСֻ֮ٽߴң𲻱ҪĿֻš

Ȼǳֹۡ
O˵Ǹͷ֤Сš
ҲߺСʦõĺӣôͨأ

ĸҲû̫á
ӸƿǣӦö͸ĸһ飬õġ

뿪֮ܷץſ֣˵ΪʲôƿǵʱٻţѵǸǸй𣿡

СֻҲ̧СԴյؿ˿ܷͿȻ̫˵ʲôҲ۾Լĸĸ
ڵûй顣

ַֱܷϣģ㲻̫ģٻǺףǷ㵣ĵЩ£ͲӦǰٻţϮ

ܷ˿ͷֿ¶ȳȵıǿЦãرϲ
ԼǸˣŮȴС⻹޷ԼѾ˫̥ʵС

ֻСȸ̫öĻǳ֮󣬾ͷǳҪԳ̬ȥ̽硣
ţܷǴӰ̤ϱŵϡ
֨֨˵ҪȥҾĶú档
ߴߴſСѾȥ׷֨֨ȵңҲ뿴Ķ

ֻС䷿ӾǹһֻǶķ䣬Ҳ˺óʱſꡣ
ܷͿ֣֮ôʱ䣬ڷʣСûأѾڲ߻ԺҪһ䷿ӡ
һ˵һ߻ͷɫ¿Щǡⲻ˸į

ڿЩ֮ﲢǺ⣬Ҳǳϲӡ
ڳòôÿཱུģ˻رɰ

ܷգҲգ۵ؿԼĺӣԱߵĿͻȻ˵ˣѾˣ֪ʲô𣿡
ܷһҪ飬࣬ȶ֮Ǿʹȥڣ

Цһ˵𣿡
ֲܷõԤУȻʲôأ

̧ῴܷһۣܷȴһЩǵĸо
ԭüÿʱ΢΢һֱܷ΢
Ȼ˵ԼӦ֪Ϊ˷˶Ϊڴ֮ǰ㻹˫ޣԭڱչصΪ轵

ܷӲתͷԼѾ߽ԺãʱȷʵҵĴ֪ҪôܹеĲ
ֱӹסܷ°ͣսձߣ˵˵ˣǵǸ˳¯Ҳܲ

ֱܷӺпϲúͳ嶯
Ȼͦã

ܷ΢˫գЦˡ
ûʹʲôȻ֮

Ҳżûд㿿ܷ˫ޣΪ
ǻСҪչˡ
һ룬Ǹок֮󣬲ô˫ޣһʱ־СѾͷûзôɰˡ

ûмͱˣܷ˿
ǣԼѾû˫޵ĵֿ
رǿһ˫ޣﻹ֮ǰ͹֮
ͻͦĶġ

ܷͷ΢΢ҧŴһ˵ҳȥ
Ȼ㿪˿

Դ֮Լ񶼲Ծˡ

ֻСˮֱӿһӶ죬һȪ
СǿȸȴСѼһȪϷˣֻܷ顣
ܷԱػСֻĿϣ۾͸û취ӿ뿪

ȪôͲܴĹؾصݣƫƫֻһ£Ǽ»ʮֲ¶ǼؿڰƤ
ƫƫߵǳĸÿǱֱϷݣ羱ҲԸʱʱĺʮˡ
ǽƬӰʯȥ»ĳ۰ɡ

Ȼܷ͵͵Ƭ϶ȥֻҹʱֽӰʯóԸеĺǣһҧȥʲôĴС

Լ״̬Щ̫Ծ
϶Ϊߵ̫Խµġ

δãΪĳſַôÿ֣ǲӦðĦȻۣ΢ͳܳȥˡ

վʧԭء
ܷҲ˲عǰյ׷˳ȥ
ѾкӵˣҲ˵ѴľںϣôڿӵʱΪڿɫܳȥ˶֪

޺Լһ䣬ȻߣͿǰվŵѩһ𾪿ſֻСȸ
ֱܷ֣ѩ۵׵ȫתΪĽߵĺӰɣ

֨֨ԼСԴǵȻ㿴ҳôɰͿ϶ܲ³ĺѽ
ߴߴҲͷӦͣԵأĸ˵ֻ׺͵ˣܹôɰأ

ָ̧ܷС֪֪ԼױϢ

ѩܷĸ˭
ܷһ޿֪Լһʱܵõȷд𰸣ǽصǰֻСϡ

ʵֻСҪ˵жÿ治ãСڶ۾¶ĵͻϲԽԽϲ
ϲ˲ѩãֻСƯɰС񱦱

ѩҲҿܹɰƯСȸ𣿡

֨֨ŮͷǾһ°ɡ
ߴߴҪӴܹԴࡣ
ϲȥȻʱҲǱȥ˾ò̫˼

ѩʳָ⣬˲˵Դɸ̾ë޵ģҲ̫˰ɣСʦ壬㿴۾أҲ̫ɰ˰ɣ

ܷ룬ء
۾ʱСڶ۾񣬵Ҳܹɣ۾ɱ۾ˡ
Ǻܿɰˡ

ǣûзѩκΪֱһֻС΢΢°ͣǴ޵Ц

ܷһӾˡ
Լʶⷽ棬͸ǵһģһ
ƿһ˿ԼǸӣǻɿȸԭΣ˵ҪƲסˡ

ԭܷΪֻ֪ѩһȴδ뵽еĵӴ·һ̷֮

һֻСȸ֪ߵĺӣ˺ϻ֮ʼֻܷйȽ׽ĽӴ⺢Ӿܷߵѽ

⼸ҲǰۿֻСȸСʦ棬ߵĺÿɰѽҲһ𣿡

֨֨Ǹ罻ˣǵȻɰǻƯΪʲôƯѽ
ܷ
Ǽ΢΢ȻƯˣҴûмôƯСȸأϾǿߺСʦĺӡ

ֻСȸֿ˻
ߴߴȣҲǵСԴɣϲǵСԴˣ
Ǽ̴ǰСָСֻԴȻ¶˳Եı顣

ҲδţĽˣЩҲܷͿкӵ飬˺ϻŮߡ
ЩŮ߷׷״͹ˡ
·ϻڲͣ̾ôܹٷְѽǳСк֨֨ߴߴСŮҪ




69.   69    Ůˣ

֮, ϻеӶ֪֨֨ߴߴĴڡ
ܷΪħǸ»Щǡ
ȴܷ˵ǲѾˣҪδħǼ𣿼ȻѾд취ˣͲҪȥ, ֻҵĶˣҿɲϣԼĺΪݡͱȡֻһ, ϾⲢǵĴ

ܷ˲Ȼ
ѽ, ֻܱͿʵ, ӵĴ, ôܹһֱڿĶأ
ǰǵʱ򻹺˵, ѾֻСˣҪȥܵؼ, ԼĲӦֹӦֲ֧Ŷԡ

ܷ̾˿˵Ķ, Ϊ̫ͣûаȫУʵûаȫУҲӦǵĻΧ

̾˿ʲôʱҵΪأΣ, ѵͲᱣ𣿡

ܷתͷſ΢΢㶣һûϰߡ
֮ǰһֱˣҪ׼ء
ǳ£ԼԼϢ

ܷͿ֮ͨ֨֨ߴߴĻΧ䵽ϻڡ
ÿ죬ϻڵĵӶܹſСںϻȥǺϻڵĵͣǴк, ǻСԴر𽾰˵ҲҵСԴŶ

ÿؼңܷҪץǣǵĿȸצӡ
ǰ󶨵΢˺ţÿ߲һܹϻڰװɡ
Ҳ֪Ϊʲôôʢųȥˣ

Сֻˣ֮⣬ʱҲǳ棬Ҳǳ졣
ܷΪСѧ˲ţ֪һ֨֨˵˵ˣǳ˻ƯҺߴߴ뿴ǳ˵жƯһҪŬܿ쳤ѽ

ܷϺɹ޵ʱһΣϺЦĽ˵ΪСʦ˰ǣǳΪǵѽ

ȻֿɽУ֨֨ߴߴС׷ϳĻ棬˶¶º͵Ц⡣
Ҳ¶ʮֲõЦݣһСӵӡ

岻Сˤڲݵϣ֨֨ߴߴȥվڳϣ°ߴߴ

ΧΧ۵ĺϻŮԼĴ﷨ӰʯˣҲ̫ɰˣҪȥӰʯ

ܷ̾޺ȳȻŮ޷ѵ

ʱϻŵĵٳȥ˫ޣ඼ԼĶԼ¯˫ޣϾÿ춼ۼ֨֨ߴߴڵĵطóӰʯһ߿һ߼¼֨֨ߴߴɰĻ档

Ȼûв͸ǽ
ϻڵŮΪ˳֮ǰĽѵûн֨֨ߴߴĴй¶ȥȴԾһЩаķȡϢ
˾ǴӦǸɢɡ

Ӧɢɶ˲ħħһֱ
ɢֻ֪Ҫһ̼ѹӦͻס״̬߻ħΪһħޡ

ǰõһؼڰеĿػܹͨһЩҶ񶾵ķ̽鵽һЩԼҪ֪Ϣ
֪ˣܷȻѾֻСȸ¡

ɢ֪֮󣬾ÿɼֱ͸ˡ
ʿǼҪɽɢȫͬˡ
ȴԸЩʱ䡢ΪԼԴСȸϣ޴
ɢ²⣬ֻСȸӦѾԷˡ

һ֮󣬱Ӧߣ̾˿ôĥԼ֪ʹˣڹж
ȻɢԼÿҪ˵ܹ̼Ӧ塣

ȻӦ˲˫ɢɣʱ۾ȻһֻǺһֻǺͬڵľһ㣬ױ˺롣
֮ǰӵĵͳɳƣѹʲôǺ⣿

λɢ˵²֪ߣѾǸϻڵŮӡ

⻰һɢɲҪ˵Ӧ³һںѪƲסķȻһֻɫҲ˺ɫ
ŰâŸаԣڵӦѾ֮ǰ壬ɱͱ塣

ɢɿʮ⡣
Ȼֻ֪Ҫ򵥵һ仰ܹ˳ħ

Ӧħ֮
еȥ潣СʦõյѾ˺ɫ档
˫ۡ

ϢҲ˽
ĵӻ˵ʦ֮ǰôȴһҲ飬ֻǸʣʦԺĪҪˣûʦʦԼŭħɱ£ֲ㺦ģʦ࿴Щͽܿɺѽ

ܷһϳӾǶŮ֮һ
ֻ֮ǰӦ֮ĸ߲ûԵĽչŮûг

ӦֳϵĹӣ̴

ʵпɸˣӦǸŮʱ򣬾ֻ֪Լúÿˡ
ӦԼˣϲҲһۣʱûаֳɡ
ħҲ˰ˡ

ȴӦ塣
һֱǳϲʦֶֻǰ֮ݺ͹ϵԼǰʦ֣ҲӦʦԼһζԹӦཻ֮ܶࡣ

ӦʦΪħ𣬱ħɱӦ˿ϧ

ӦħţԼ࿪һڵĽǲǾͻ᲻ͬ
֪֮ԼǷŲӦġ

***

Сֻ飬ӦǸɢ֪⣬˵ǲӦ֪ġ
ںϻſڲýīԽԽоϻʲôǣ

ֱĳһգʦ
īԼʦ֣ȥ˭֪ʦ־Ȼֹڣ֪ѶҽҪȰš

Ȼתͷϻڣֻ룬ȨӦҪ֪һ¡
һ˲䣬īԼףһԤУһֱĵǸǣڽҪҿˡ

Ҳԥ˺һ󿪿ڵڿѾǵã߻ħΪҪOһӣһֱΪOʱûɹǰҲŷ֣ʵɹˣҺѾ󡣡

īվԭãϢȫ֪ӦҪ˼ʲô˵ʲôʲô
ð죬ŷӦOһӣ

ͻȻһۣļ˲ӿļ䡣
ȻˣԼǶôOOѪ
Ҳˣȴ߻ħ
û뵽OȻɹˡ

īҲһˣ׸ղŵĻԼӷ̷Ӧ
ֲϴ׽OСͽܰߣOôľǸСͽܣʵԼOĺӣ

ܷīǵһ÷ǳƯСӦû˱ġ

׼ԼСʦܺð춼иǸ⣬ǰң֪ԼˣһֱʦֹСʦOһҲףʦҲˡҽ뽫㣬ֻϣĳһգΪĳЩź

˵仰֮ױˡ

īСľҹȻ˺ϻڵš

Ժϻڵĵ˵һϢ
īԴסǰδǵţһΪֻǲ󷨣ˡ
Ǿ͸Ͽȥ֪ͨɣſ϶ʲô£

Oϱô⡣
֪Ͼûв͸ǽο֮ǰǸ״̬Ҳǳ֣ʱѾ²⵽׿ܻὫܷݸī

OȴϣīܷߣŮСӣǴüЦʮܣﻹʱȥ׵

һǸֻ˵ī˵ֻҪ岼һħ󷨡
ŮҲĶˣħ֮󣬳ͣͲǰȻƽ֨֨ߴߴˣʱſģǶ֪ʵѹġ
īȻܹþħ󷨣ǾãȻǸ꣬𣿡
ҲҪռīıˣǿ⣬Ҳͷ

O̾˿ȥ˵ɣ⺢ȷʵܼͣ

īû뵽OԸԼҲڽҪܷϣֻرOܷ뿴OҲ뿴ԼŮ

O֮ī죬ȴ첻֪˵ʲôֻ˵һ䣬Բ𡣡

Oȴ⣬ڵǸʲôⲻǰĴѾˣֻ֮Ҳʲôǣ

īȴû֪ҽֻҪ岻ֹһħ󷨣ԹħĹǲʲô׵ġ

OÿǾͷˣ󷨲ú֮󣬺ϻһ㹻ıꡣ

ī˵ԼҪȴԼ˵֮Ҳˣֻܽܡ
׼ЩȫԺʱˣȫܷ

īOϻڣֱȥϺĶ
ȻϺͥԺֻСһ棬ֻСֻСȸ
īһ뵽֮ǰͿģ߲·ˡ
ԼŮˣŮˣ

ȥĸ߽мģ
īOʱİ񿴼ֻСȸ˲ͱˣѾԼĲƲԼڻһˣѶЩıʲôȫ
ȸСӣԺ϶ҪŵرΪûϵ游ڻûϣҲҪЩˡ

īɾɶͬˡ
Ա߿˲O
֪ס
ˣҲô֪ġ

ʱҲī׷ײĳ֡
īԼǰһϺ˵ҽǰҪ岼һħ󷨣÷Ժ

Ϻ˲˫һͶȥ˸мĿ⡣
ħ֮ĵľǳīԸΪһ󷨣ԺҲõˡ




70.   70    ɱܷ

īҪΪ岼, ϻҲסСľˡ
ǰīϻڶסOĶ˿OѯǷīסϻڴ͵ĵط, Oͷſī

ī֪ѾõĽˡ
ûʲôҪ, ֻ˵ҪϺ鿴һ, Ƿʲ󷨡
ȻħҲﲼõ, ħõЩ, ɲͬ, кܶ඼ħа

ϺƬ𣿡
īŲ鿱ʱ͵͵ֻСȸأϺĻ, Ҳ룬ֵȻţҪĶɡ
ߵʱ, ûʰԻкܶණڡ

˰סУȥīʾҪ뿪ˡ

ߺ, ϺǰҪлO
O̧һûȥлңӦôлīɡΪӦûѺܶ˼
Ϻʦ棬īҲ岼󷨡
OʹˣοɲΪҡ

ܷһۡ

ܷԱ˵һΪ, һΪԼĸ׵ģͿOԼϡ
ܷˣīΪԼģ֪ԼŮˣ

Ȼ뿪Ϻ֮Oܷ˵Ѿ֪ˡտ֨֨ߴߴӦҲ֪֨֨ߴߴݡ
ܷ
ͻȻ뵽ִЩΪ˺Ӳ飬ҵĸס
ܷO˵ף㲻ҪΪҺ֨֨ǣǿԼīһ𡣡

OЦˣ̧ܷá

˶û뵽ī֮󣬻ĶҲһ󷨣ÿƸϢˣںϻܹʡ
ȻСֻҲʡ

ȷīѾ֪Сֻݡ
īû˵ܷҲͲ׼ϣϾԼīŮϵ֮䣬īO飬ϣԼӰ쵽Oľ

Ҷܷ˵һҪ飬ǾСֻħݡ
ʮͷ飬֪óȻϷڣܸСֻΣգõİ취ܹڷˣÿסȸСֻһ

ԼԼԭûⷽˣܷĿͶϡ
һֱڸСֻעδ˵꣬ͿܷͶ
Ȼֿ˿ÿҪ˯СֻСֻȥϢˣ

֨֨ߴߴƿǣԭǶ˺ĵʱڣʱضȥرԸⱻԼץΡ
һߣ̾Ͳ˯ˡ
֨֨ߴߴı·ߴߴһ㣬ˣǾͲܳȥ棡
ߴߴæѾӾܣﻹԼݵ

ûһСֻܵòӰ
ںϻѾϰˣϻڵӶ֪ĴڣҲᱣǡ
ܷͿ˵ǲôġ

ȵСֻ뿪ſܷʵղǲл˵
ܷûп۵׵⣬뵽Լոյĵ⣬࣬ûʲôʶķޣǻһʶˣȽϺãóȻȥڣǱȫ֪һħӣͻ޴ˡ

Ҳ֪ȻǱ˵ҪԴӵ¡
ħһʹһܹ־壬Ծɻںܶϴڱ׶˺ͱ״̬
֪ܲͲ֪СֻΪΣҲܹǡ

Ҫ˵ʶķޣûС
ɴȥ˭õ˼ʹϵԱʱ֮衣
ܷһ飬֪ûʶķˡֱӴţھȥʶһޣܷ˵ס
룬ܷԿ˵Ҫȥװɣʶ˿϶Ƕ࣬ǡʶһЩޣǾٷ㲻ˡ

һ룬ܷ뵽ԼǰЩԣʵϻڵˣ˼ʹϵǺܴģֻ˼ʹϵѰ߲ͬ˫޽ģ˼ʹϵβι̾ͲһˣЩ˼ʹϵǸ.ġ

ҪȥһʣһõϹϵҲܹʡȥܶ಻Ҫ鷳

˵ȥɣҲϤ˰æҲνʱֱӴӷڰһ޻磬ϵæ

뷨ͷǳĴɡ
ΪһĿԺİܷǾÿ뷨

ȥOĶ·Ϻʱ򣬻ܿīϺҵҵز󷨡
ܷĬĬ̾˿Oȴû¡

ѯOǷʶķޣOûУȴһϢ
ѩʶķޡO룬ֵûͦڷڣԾ޷Ϊͣѩ

ȻOѩѩ֪Сֻݺ󣬲û𾪣ʮ飬ãͳȥԸ⣬ҲԸġ
䣬ѩܷǰؾСʦ壬ҿѾˣлܹСʦˡ

ܷҲΪ㱨ģһҲġ

½ˣܷҲǷ˲١

ǣҲպ֪ܷͿӵ顣
ϢǸɢɢȥġ
ɢɿӦ壬ӣ̰
Ӧ壬ҪСȸǿǲ̲֮ﰡ

ѾһļƻƻûӦĲ롣
ɢɶӦ˵֪ôܺͿһ𣿡
Ӧ¶һĨаЦɱܷ

ɢɵ㵹ǱеĴԣɱܷʲôˣǰֻСȸҲһɱˣû˸
Ӧţ߲ܱǰߡ

䣬ӦԼɢɵĶ뿪׼ȥϻɱܷ
ɢסڹȥʲôã㲻㻹ûϻڣͱīЩ󷨹
ӦüȷʵҲԼȥɱɱܷ߾ͻἵҡ
ɢϣ˼ɢȥ

ɢû뵽ӦȻԼ⣬ЦһǼᶨҪӦɿܵ뷨
֮ǰļƻҲԼȴ̽
ɲϣ˷ԼĿԺҪأϾΪɢɣȥɽġ

ɢɶӦ˵ǲȥϻڣҪ㲻ҪżѾȥٺϻӣа취ƭ

ɢҲû뵽Լİ취ˣȥٵԼĿܣһܾ͸ѩ

ѩ֪Լпܸ٣ϻڵĵʱȥ˫ޣ飬˭뵽ڸԼء
ҶԷһɢɣΪѹѩѩ̽Ҳᷢκζߡ

ǸѾһɢޣκɡ
ѩֿǶʱ䣬޻ʱѩԼΪ£Ѿ뷨ˡ
ֻѩĵɷǳ⡣
ڿѩϵ˺ۣ΢΢üôδǸ˿Ĩȥ

ѩЦôŵ𣿡
˵ߵƤҴı䣬ʲôӣʲôأ

ѩ⣬ҽɲɣæ
Ƿ޾ʮֺ棬ѩ֮ǰܾԼʱ鼫ˣھȻԼ
Ϊѩʲôѵ飬кҪҰæұǣһᾡȫ㡣

ѩ˵ҲԼ飬Сʦ壬ӣǰЩӺӳˣŵħǣһħӣҪϵħԣҪڳ֡

ѩ䣬ǧ֮ɢһ˲˫ۡ
ֻǷԼһ˿ʶÿһϣȴû뵽ЩϻڵŮӣܹջ񣬶һôջ

ܹϢݵɣôϻֻᱻЩΧʱСȸʲô⣬ˡ
ҲܹǱɵĶŻ֣ıһ˲γɣ˼˫۷
ϲ緢ִսңɢɣսоͿԳƻúܶôֻϧһħսûʱϧ˺þá

Ϊ˱ⱻѩͷ޷ԼĴڣ̽Ǹܳ˻ҪϢѾõ㻽Ӧ塣
֪ҸղŵõʲôҪϢ

ӦɻУ˵Сħӡ
ӦҲϢˣ뵽˸࣬ܷߣߴޣôħӣⲢߵӣһܷƭߵġ

ʵѪ¶缴ʹûӼҲܹǳ׼Ͼߺͨ˻ǲͬġ
ӦԶϸ룬Ͷܷƭ˿ǷŭһֱﲻԸⴥˣȻܷ˺ô̵ܹ

ɢɲŲЩֻӦǴеִѾȺ
Ҳ˳ɢɵ⣬˳ӦĻ˵ܷȻħӣݲġѾܷ֮飬Ĵ£ǱҪħӳ罫ð

ӦɢɵĻ̧ͷ֪ɴʲôð취

ɢ˵Ѿ߻ħȻͨħĵطȫֻ⸱ģȥǰҲ׷ɱ㣬Ҫĳ룬ܹ֤ܹȥ
ȻħӵҷֵģԸϢɢȥҾ֪㼴ʹѾ߻ħȴ磬֮ΧϻڣٲħӣһܹõԼԼߵ⡣Ա֤

Ӧ忴ɢɣʵлллΪҿǣ㣬ڲ֪ʲôģߵ׷ƣڱ

ɢ˵ڵøлңԺеǻᡣ

Ӧû仰⣬ֻ˼ÿУȷʵҪ籣ȫԼԺҲҪܷӲܹ߻صǰģ




71.   71    ٰħץء

ѩǴźϢصϻڵ, Сʦ壬ѾʹˣԸ, ǺܷϻڣǰӴȥ

ܷ׼ȥʰ, Ͼ͸, Ӧù˶þܳ

ܷͿ, OҲ׼һȥ
ǻ˺ϻڵī, Լͷϻûɵ, ȴûа취뿪

Ϻƽ⣬ī, ЩʱҲҪСʦһȥǸޣżħʱ̫ƣ, ҲϢһʱա

ī˺˿
ȻҵOܷһȥ
O˵ȳϣҪȥס𣿡
ī۵һĨͳ, ȻϾֻһסңȥһһֱںϻڡ

Oȴ˸ۣתˣȥȥ
ī۵һ˿ϲ

һȺ˺ƺƵ˺ϻڣȥ޶

ͬʱӦħӵϢصڡ
ĳ, ˲ýڵǾϾڵӦһʵʵħħޣѾǽڵĵӡ

Ӧ۵żƬ̺֮⣬ǰûʲôͬʮֽǸϽȥ֪ͨйħӵϢȥˣ綼ٴپ޴Σ

ЩϾˣϾӦѾħޣħСϢҲΪ档
ǰӦҲȽϤȷʵԼŵˣ߻ħ֮һҹ֮˻ˡ
ڵӦ忴ǻˡ

ãõϢſڣӦ壬۵ϧôⷬģˣ
Ӧȴ˵ҪĲұʲôģһֱħħӡ

˲м˵㻹ǵ֮ǰħȥ˺ϻڰɡȥϻڣʵҪԭ򣬲ΪѰԼĺӣϾûгΪֻͻȻ֣Ϊ֪ħħӳ磬ѰԼļ̳ˡ

Ϣʮ⣬˵Щɶģ
Ӧ˵ƭʲôأȻѾ߻ħȴҲǼŵﱻչ˵ӣҲҲħ֮ΪѪ顢ɱħħͷ
֪Ϣ֮̾ǡҪδңҶνҲϣΪħȫ̽䣬Ҳϣͬŵܵ˺

û˵ԱǰһҪúÿǴ£ħӳ֣ħӺħӦϣƻǰĽ󷨣һоȫ׷ˡ

һվ˵ⲻǽڵ£Ӧټɣһ¡

ʱӦ˵ǸħѾںϻڣǱǴȥط

ýϢ˸ǽš
ϻЩ˻᲻ħֱȥħԵǸ磿
Ӧϣѽƻħ˹һô⵽

㲻ˣǹغ簲Σ£Ǳ֪ͨɡ
ͷɽ֪ͨɣҲûҪδӦ塣

Ӧ忴Ŵ뿪һĨЦ⡣
ĨЦȴûߵ׽ˡ
˵ľǼ٣ĿĲΪİΣ

ӦеĿ϶תͷ򣬡ʦ壬ȷʵȫΪİΣҵĻԼġ

죬Ӧ̾˿ԭΪȽϼᶨֿסԼħȴû뵽Ȼ

Ӧû˵Ҳûлȥţ뿪ԭأȴ뽣ڲԶһطʱ

뿪Ҳֻ̾ת˽ڡ
ӦѾǰӦˡ

ɶû뵽ϻھȻӶ飬ʵ룬Ҳ֮УϾϻɣԭͽħ̺֮䣬Ҳ֮еġ

ԭһΪϻ˼֮ǰôħ𣿶Һϻڻħĺء
ԭħ粻죬ȻѾħ֮ͨǾ;״򿪡

֪ͨŻ˽ڡ
Ҫ֪ϻڵ˴ħȥ֮ʱǸɢԼˡ
ǽҽ㵽һңڽ֮д

ӭλ֪⻰ʲô˼
λɢ˵巢ʲôҲ֪һطʮ쳣

˵Ǹ޵Ķλڡ
ڵüҷѳ֮أ뿪֮һֱǱû춯

һɵȴһ£ǸǷ֮ǰϻһŮ˫޹һֱҪǸŮ߽Ϊ£˲ѳš
µһԣ˶֪

˻һڵԭλãĬ仰

㴮
ϻħӣħӱϻڵ˴˺ϻţȥ֮ѳ˷ڵķ޶
ǡɢ޵Ķı˵顣
ⲻ˵Ǹ޻ͺϻڵĵһ޴Σ

ȻҲ벻ͨһ޺ͺϻڵӻħӸΣա
˭֪һЩ˼񶾵ˣʲô񶾵ļıأЩ߿벻Щ񶾵ķ

Ǵɢ˵ǸλãеĺĵӣȥǸطħĨɱ

Ӧֻڽ˲ãͿһȺ˾ۼڽſڣһȥɢ֮ǰǸط
Ӧϣɵĵӷ֮һħޣ

վӦ壬ЩɥĲħޣֻһʱħ߻ħˣԾͽڣħӵϢġ

ĻڵӻȽţϾӦദʱȽϾãҲӦ塣ȴһ˵еħ޶Ӧñһͬʡ

Ҳ֪ӦǸʲô˼˶˵ɣ֪ԼסӦ壬ͷӦһۡ

Ӧߣȴ֮ǰɢһۣɢ֮ǰӦ˵ӦЩһȥ޶
ɾһۣӦȴǸɢóһȻԼ
ӦΪûа취ɢԿǸɽķֿ̾ͱˣ
ȵһȥ㱻Χ˲ͱյûҷ𣬿ȴԾɲĻǡ
ôҲ벻ͨΪһֱԼȹԼһɢɣ÷Լ
֪һѾԤıġ

˽ڵĵӿһĻЩѹ֮⣬ŵĵӷ׷׸лɢɰǴ

ɢҡͷԴ˵ҲҪģħҲͬʹȻڸ˵ħӵϢ˭֪ڰ磬Ҫƭȥ֮ǸħӦϣڴõġ
䣬ֿŽȫǸ⣬ǸֻΪһνħӵжԼİΣ롣

΢΢ҡͷѾ߻ħ¡
ֻˡ

һ˼ֻԭؿӦʧĵطλز
Լһ飬Ҳȱ
Ƭ֮׷Ŵ󲿶ӶȥҪĻħӣħӽ֮ɢ飬ܷӦ꽻Լ

ܷ˸Ͳ֪һμһҲ֪ħӵѾ¶Ͼδ⣬Ҫźϻڵġ

ǵ˷޵Ķ֮ܷͿһһֻСȸߵǰ
ܷħ˵Щ򵥸߷ޣȻеСȸ˵Ҳ֪˭ħӡ

ȻѾڷڣΪʵзеڶ˻Ƿȴһ߸ܹܵħԡ
˿ܷͿеֻСȸָָܷһֻֻСȸһɺֵϢǹϢһܹԼоӦħˡ

ܷŵ֨֨

ͷ֨֨֨֨ȴһ¶ܷħ𣿡
Ȼֿ֨֨壬Һͳһ

ܷ죬֪Ӧν͡
ȴ֨֨˵һȳˡ
֨֨ɴ˫ۣ˿ĸףֿ˿ĵĸף裬ǲħǻ𣿡

޵ģѾ²⵽鲻֮ǰô򵥣֨֨Ҳǻ£ԺǳΪħħ𣬵ǿó㵱

˫һã

ܷ
ʲôܷſ˵ˣȥħԣ÷ްæȥ𣿷ôݵ

Ըһ磬ֱȥħҲǲС
ֻܷҪ˺˫޾ΪһҪ硣
˵ʱīȥŮһ󷨾ˡ

ܷû뵽ԼͿԾôķ磬ŷޣܹȥħ𣿡
̾˿˵ǳףʹࡣ

ܷܵ֨֨һʹ֣ë޵СԼøˡ
ں£ܷ֨֨ڶһС۾ίҧԿ˵Ϊħ֮ǰܱ𣿡
Դ˵ʮţû⡣

ܷ˿

ǻ˵ġ
OҲڴʱڵܷİɣǺϻһħĺҲһħأҲһ𱣻֨֨ġ
īҲڵǲħޣԸ󷨣ԺҲкܴ洦ڣ۸Ҳɵ

ܷжһͿ
վŵ磬Ȼһе޶С
OīΪҲǶģڣ֨֨İΣҲܹõһıϡ

ˣڲر֨֨İΣ⡣
ȴЩ֨֨
ſǸޣҪôܹ֨֨˳Ϊħ𣿡
˫΢΢𣬡ٰħץ

뷨е̫ˡ
հ˼߻ȥץȷħ粻ΪУ




72.   72    ΪʲôǺϻڵŮܡ

ǷǳԼ뷨, ͷͷǵħ𲢲Ը뿪ģǱǴħ, Ը뿪
ֻҪٰһͿԽ֨֨ͳ⡣
ȻֿϺ, ֻǻϺ, ϺҲɽ¯, ڰϺһ, Ļǲġ

ܷЩ, ͷϺ˵ֻڿЦ, ȴϺ΢΢üʼ˼ܷһʱ֪˵ʲôͻȻЩͬħ

Ȼȿ󵨵ī, 뵽һֿܡ
ʵǿħı߽紦һ󷨣󷨾罻֮˶Сֻǲܴȥһ硣
Ȼ̵һ£Ҫħ𡣡

ܷǸ棬;ī, ǳװħ𵱹ˡÿﵱȴĻᡣ

ò˵뷨ͦĶġ
޽һħ󷨣ֱħԵһ󷨣֨֨Ժͳһеħ֮Ҳɻصһ

ֻʵʩѰɣĸɻͬⷽأ
ܷ룬˺ϻڣͬɡ

Ȼһܷ˿, ǾǸޡ
ʼֻΪԼֻǰѩһСæ״ˣҪĿǺϻڵССǡ
ī߶ѾΪ˺ϻŮ
ᵽǸħ𣬰֮ǰõϢҲǺϻڵŮ
ϻδϸŮҲʾ˵⣬ܹõѩĳϣΪϻһŮ

˵ôСħǣһЩɥĲ顣һ׷޵ĹԽǡ˵ȥħԣȴܹħĹʶױԼıġ

һˣܾҪܾˡϾħ˫޿ܸʧҡ

ܷΪˣĽܶȺܸߡ
֪ħʵһˡ
ǵħħ֮⣬ǰҲһЩŵؼħǿ߱ɱΪԼ͵ˣʳǵȷΪħ
ˣħǵĽħһΪһʮɱħͷ
Ȼħָħ޻ǺаģŻһӴħޡ

ܷЩжá
ѩȴޣǹһĨЦ⡣
ʵԸޣΪԼ˫޵ʱֵ˵ŲԸ⣬ܳʵϴһ̬ȣ´һ̬ȣֻܽͨѰƣ΢е㻨ܲˡ
ٻ뵱ȷʵһǳ˫޶ʱԼΪٶǷǳġ
ģŵ.һ¡

ˣ˽취
ħǷԸΪ֨֨ͳʦ
ΪⲢ⣬ǼڣԸ⣬ҲҪúÿǡ

ȷأOīޣ˼һֻħһˣǿ϶򲻹ǵġ
ֻܵʱҪһȥħ˺

䣬˱׼ƲȥħĽ紦ӦʵʩǷ˵Щ

˸ո뿪ɢɾʹߴϵ˷޵Ķ
ɢüŷ޵Ķͷ˵ӦѾǣ˶ˡ

ֻһ䷨ţȻ˫۲ٷԡ
ǲͷɢϵǸлŷűɢߵӦ塣
źĵӼǷǳżӵȥˣѵǵͽ˸ͨ籨𣿷ôôɣ

ʱ˵߶ԼΧ˿һ飬ұ㿪ʼ໳ɡ
رһЩϵǺܺõ֮䣬ǾԷ

ڵĵʱɢѾڴ߶ԼĿܵѰҡ
Ⱥ˵Ϊ̫ߣɢ֮ǰ˿ܸȴҲҸ̫ڻҪһʱ䣬ܹǵ̽
Ǳκ˶Ըһλᡣ

ȷʵҲѩǲͬģǻʮԶǸ𽥿ȷλõʱ򣬿˾Ѿ˿ܵĴڡ

ǴʱѾħ߽硣
ܷ˻δӦͿ˲˦籣һ˲ӳȻץһʶܻ
ǸܾѾȫûԼʶץסһ˲䣬Ա
ȻѾѿ˵λϢ˳ȥ

˷׷üԱʶܣһʱ޷жǳ˭֮֡
һЦɶڼɣ֪ĸʿġ
ܷʲôҪҪǣסԼıġ

ܷԭǸܣ˿Ļ̧ͷſ֪ڰοԼ
һֱϣħӵǸӣܹħԣΪħĹС
ɷϣ˵ĲǶԵģܹﵽΪľûģɽٵʱˡ
ӦþںʲôǺǷܹסġ

ܷſ۵Ĩᣬ̧ץס˿ǣ¶Ц⣬ţ֪ˡ
֨֨ߴߴ޵ʲôֻҪסԼģʲôܹɾ͡
ⲻִԼĺӱʲôרҵѧʲôֻҪȤҳɼԣǸֽĺӣҳͻ⡣
ܷ̫ţǼˣʲôҶ֧ǣúýǵġ

ܵ䱻ᳶܷ˵һ˲䣬ˣ۵׵ӳԼӰҲࡣ
һϣܷԼʹȻ֮ʶ̧ܷͷͷ̲ס˹

ܷܵ˲٣һ죬תߣſϷ˵Һ֪˭ģûĻӦǴӦǸɢɵġ
￴Ǹɢʹÿܡ
ǸɢɵòȻǸʵĴɡ
ֻʱŮ֮һĸ𣬲֪Ů֮֮䷢ʲôȥŮ

ܷҲܲŮ飬ǸԱĵطΪʲôɿܸأ
䣬ƵܷǰһͣԼվܷǰסܷ

ܷĶһ
ޡOī˲һĳһ
ܷϺҲǿȥߵӰӳǰ
ͫ˲Ŵʶ֨֨ԼĻ§§ߡ

ɱ⣬ܷ˵ȴʮᣬû¡
ܷҧǰŽ׵ڣôܴùЩˡ

ܷǸɢɡ
֣ǸɢɣĿܡ
ͷ֪ˡ

Щ߿Щ˾ۼһҲͣ½ŲϵҲ˺ܶࡣ
ǴӦ֪ħںϻڣû뵽īֱѳǸޣԷ𣬶
ѵҲַħӵģ

߶ġ
ϾħӶ˵൱һħֻҪħӽɱôħδǧĶ֡

վˣλ߽յˣҲΪ˽ɱħ𣿲֪λǷѾ֪ħӵټɽλһ𣬹ֿͬħ硣
˵⻰֮˿ϻOѩԼܷ
ħӿǴӺϻڳģҲȷλǷΪϻ˫޹ϵ塣

ԱߵҪѺܶࡣ
īOͬʱֵʱ򣬾֪īһվOһߣֻǲ֪᲻ΥСʦһֱ޵֮ġ

Ȼͬλ߲ûΪĻκεĶ¶˼ڽı顣

֪ЩΪôΪԼޣһվһ
⣬˭ħӵ£

üû˵״ʱڣǽǰĵӦ˵ģֻ֪ħӣ֪ħӾ˭
ֿɢɣħӵλãλɢġ

ܷ⻰֪϶ɢ
̽ͷ˿ߵǣɫΪ˵ӦûϵһϢɢɵ֪ģӦϢǡ

ɢһܷ⻰̳ΪʲôҪңѵǸħйϵԲҪתƴҵ𣿡

ܷ˵粻֪Ӧ߻ħ֮Ȼȥ߽ڵħӵϢȥߴҵλãô򵥵߼ϵΪʲôҾ벻أ

ɢ۵һ˿񶾣û֤ݾͲҪ˵
ʵħӾںδýΪС

ܷǸɢɣʲôħӣ˵ħӾħˣ˵˭ħӣ

ǾȻϣɢŭҪβס

ܷɢɵĻû֤ݾͲҪ˵

ɢɷŭҪ֣Ŀеɱȴͣ֡
ΪȷʵȿߣϣҲȫѹɲⳡħ֮սˡ

ջվСʦܣҾûħӡ
īҲǳû˵

ջǿڶ˵ȷʵħӵĴڡ
Ȼӹܷ֨֨֨֨ԼǰҪҵħӣҲҵĺӣôҪɱ𣿡

˿֨֨š
رס
OһӣѾ㹻ãû뵽ԼСʦܲŮˣŮˣ

ȻͿԼСʦǰһվڿߣôĶŵˣ˵ĻȴûаãŮ֣Ǿ̤ҵʬ߹ȥ

ǸһڻȻ
ī⻰ʲô˼ŮŮ
ȵȣīŮ˭ܷOģ
ΪʲôǺϻڵŮӶӣ
ߵĺӣΪʲôħӣ
Ƕ˵ʲôǶ˵ʲôҾеתһ

Ȼľˡ
ǰſʹ֪ԼΣգɽһֱͦصСȸ׼ֶ
Сʦܣ˵Ů
£ǣǲҲҵŮҪҾ˹

ţһֻߴߴҲðͷȺߴߴ۸ҽ㣡

ףŮ

ͻȻоԼʼòᶨ߿Ҳʼòᶨ
ܲѱɣ




73.   73    ħѪˡ

׵Ȼѱ, ϾŲǶһ˵ġ
ԼŮħӣһȥɱŮҲ²֡

ë޵Сȸ, ҲǾħӣħӻôɰ

֨֨ߴߴԼ, Ե˵Ǹһֱֵֹؿǡ

ܷٴ̽ͷ, ֨֨ߴߴ˵⹫Ĵʦ, ձ˵, ӦҪ˹, һȺ⹫ʦֺʦ㣬ǵľ˹;, ôɰ˹ſ϶Ҳᱣǣ


ܷÿһΣʱ򣬸ľϲء
ΪһܷҪЩʹȻ֮, û뵽Ȼʼݹϵ

֨֨ߴߴܷĻ̧СԴף֨֨ڶһ΢΢תתͦԼСظȳȵСȸǿɰ, ˹Ҫһɱ𣿡
ȻСߴߴߴߴҲſڣ˹ǶҪЩһɱ˽𣿡

׵һתͷɢɣôħӣɣ˰ɣ
Ѿ϶ӦϢɢˡ
ȺڳҲŵͷ, ôɰСȸôħӣߺߵĺӡ
㲻ħԵĸĸôħӣ

īһֵڵҲ
ȻҪ˹ǲǾǾ˾ˣ
˳ţӦСˡ
Ҿ̣أû뵽һҲֶŮ
γųæҴָûõóֵǺã
Ҳǣڻȥÿ𣿡

һЩָͣΪȴ͵ںĵӣҲ̲סʼ롣
ӦҴʦ֣ҴҲԡ
㣬ʮ硣
ҪС㣿أСƺҲ̫ɰ˰ɣ
ôɰôħӣǾֻữεСȸѽ

⻰ŵĵ׷ͷߡ
ɢǸֱӣŭһⶼʲôǲûѪԵϵǾȻҪİΣڲˣȻ𣿡
ɢָ֨֨ССͣȻȻһŵˣôܲħӣ

֨֨ͲˣôȻֻ׺͵ŻȻûѧҳôƯɰǵȻϲңҲҪ

ܷ
仰ʲôҪϢУڲǹʱ

Ȼɢȴûб֨֨ĿɰģԻЦһҰһĳģȻҲ˼˵ԼƯɰеħѾӰ㣡
⻰ŭǵЦȻ˵ҵĺҰ
ܷԼʱ٩СֻǳСɲܱ֪ˡŮūǺܿµġ

ɢɲ֪ԼĻѾŭˣԾǺϻѾħ޸ʴλӦҲϻڵħȺѾȫ簲ΣλߣմǲħӲǾͽλԼϻڣһħԻ󡣡
Ӵ˿ɷ

ĶǸŵĺĵӣԼϵȣҲпܷһȺˡ
ɢɵĻνǴǵߴ硣

κһɵ˶Ҫǵ汻ħӰ죬ǲܷĸ߶޷ܵ¡

ΪħɵĴתߵ˵ɲҪħջһֱĴڣǽڶħջֵսʤħӣ

˿תͷ˿ֻȻǺܸ˵Сȸ˲ƫ
ǵðǰħս˵ʱұ㲻ͬħ緢˴ĳͻеħ޶ĵˣǵʱħսȴеħ޶˵жԷΧ
ҵ뷨ûκα仯ҲδΪСȸջıԼıġ֪ħӣһֻСҲܾʹжԺΪвħδһʮĶˡ

׿īO˵СʦOϣѾѾǸˡ
ȻתͷԼӣгκǸ⣬ҲΥҵıģ˺ֻСȸ£Լжλãӽұһɢޡ

ڵĵǴδԼȻľ
̾вվֺγ뱣Сȸǣ㲻жȥλãǽһͬȥīʦߣѪ
һڵҲ˵ҽſʼʦһ̵ֱңܼű˵ʲôǶԣԼҲΪʲôǶԵġһҪԼжϣڵڡҲţСȸôСͳΪħӣһһʮĴħͷ

ڵӶվͬ۵㡣

֮ǰΧϻڵʱûһ˳֣ΪԼ壬Ȱ˱ˣȴܹжԼӦҪܶԵеͱġ

ڵӵⷬ߷ŭѡ

ŭĵɢɡ
ŶվֻСȸټϺϻԼߵˣλʲôʤ㣿

Ȼ벻ǣѳ飬ڵҲվʾҪ֧е뷨
ǸħȻħԣĿ塢˵ԺһΪвҲǲͬġ

Ƭ̣ţ˿һߡ
ʱϻҲźϻڵĵӸϵ

ƾȻ˴ת

ܷҲû뵽ȻôԸⱣ֨֨Ϊħͷ
˫ֽסǻͣһɹůȫ

Ǹɢɣ۵Ѿڲס̰ͻȻէ֣뵽ŮӦ塣
˵֨֨Ӧ͸¶ȥģӦأ֮ǰδ¼Ӧɶء

Ҳѯʵ֪ȥˣ

ҲһֱӦ壬û뵽ܷȻҲᵽӦ壬һе
˵Ѿɢɸսħħˡ

ܷӦ徹Ȼᱻɢɸˡ
Ӧɢ֮䲻ҲһȻɢɶĸʮָӣһҪӦΪԼĵ£һҪӦɿܣôҲӦǰӦսħﰡ
ǿǻҪӦ

ܷ̲סǰ벽Ϊʲôûֹأ
㲻ԭпǾŮܶεģ

ŻȻԭһֱǣӦ壬ԼΪʲô֮ǰûо
ͽȴǰŭܷʲôϵʦΪʲôһҪȥǸħˣ

ܷӣǲǾСŮӣ
֪ЩԱߵѩĹСӣɲԸһֻͽܣ˯ʦѾ˺ܾˡ

ܷ˵Ȼ㣬ǸԭеһŮɡ

Ů⻰յͨ죬ŭѩϻڵļŮ˵ʲôأԼ˯ˣɱң

ѩ˸ۣǺϻŮ˯˭ڣҲЩаļıȥݺˣ֪Ӧ⣬ȴڰ˵Ĺϵ㻹ˣ

Ů̻ͷҪͣȴ̧΢΢һʾҪ˵

ɢҲû뵽ܷȻεĽħӵĻתƵϡ
˵ܷĶǹƣ֮ǰΧϻڵʱ򣬾˽Ȼ֮򶷷ϣԶʤٴΧϻڵЩߡ

û뵽һΣԾ˹ƶˣδԼļı
ɢ̴ߵĻ˵ЩкãҪΪħӱסħ𣿡
ҲҪԻҪҽӦųˣǱֽһħޣ

ָ̧ܷǸɢɣЩΪԼڵΪ˵Ļħӵ鲻Ӧǵ𣿼ȻѾҵŮΪʲôֻΪŮ£
Ѿһѣ֮ÿһ仰Ҫȥ֮ǰ©˵ô࣬ǾȻҪĻ𣿡

ͲŮڵλãʶܸǣЩܾЩ֮Ƶġ
ΪΪʲôҪӦķУҪӦɿܣ
ûгɹôΪɢɵģѵû̽׷𣿡

ɢܷĻʱһĻţΪʲôܹ͸е뷨֪ǰαסԼʶΪɢɵģ
Щߣ
Ҫɱܷ˲ܴڣĴھԼв

ɢɻͷߵߴǻڵʲôΪʲôҪ˵ЩĻѵ˶±ħջȫ߻ħΪħ𣡡

̴ܷԼĴɰͣͳһǰһֱûӵ
ʱľԺ֨֨ߴߴˣóӴԼԼš
ȴû뵽ڽ쾹Ȼܹϡ

ܷһſһɢʮ˺üҴ㿴жˣٿЩ˵ΪǻħĺأһԣڳħĺӣһĽͻ飬ȻħħһǸҴ𣡡

ɢ˫Ŀ쿴ֻܷЩȫսл档
Ҳû뵽ԼȻܷôọ̃
ŭһҪȼ

Ȼû뵽ܷȻֽìͷɢɣ˵㵽ΪʲôҪӦ壬ھͰųţ
ܷ˵֮󣬷ԼĶߵĿ˵㿴ǲǺ
ȻֵߣҲԼķСֻ
Ҫսֽһˮ

һĨЦ⣬ȷʵսȺ塣

ܷ̼ɢɸҪڣ֪ȻͬܷĻɣ˵ĶԣħҲֻһճûõС񣬶ûжвӦҽڵĵӣ߻ħҲӦҽԼãϣܹǡ
ҲʼӦ͡

ɢôϣҪǽЩȫɱˣǸħʲôãЩȫΪħӱħޣ

䣬ԲԶħϾʹ˾춯صĺ
ī˲ͷǸϣŵħȻƴҲҪƻ𣡡

ߵ־𾪣ħӸҪıǡ
ħ

һ˲籬޴ܷ˻ţͱƷɡ
ɫħɢȥħѪǰ






74.   74    ܷôᵹ£

类ħʵ, һֱҪħ޽ħ֮ڣħ޶֪顣
Ҳû£ǰħս, Ѿƹ
Աħ磬
, ϺȻƭ
ѵôԼһ˫ޣ

صħ, ЩԼ˼ħʵˡ

ԭΪħֻհá
ȴ֮Ϳʼƻ磡

ħˣ
ħξȻҪƻ磡
ǿ϶İ, ЩӦñǺúýѵѵˣ
, ħһ壡Ҫ֪ħ޵

ħһ, ټħҪƻī󷨲õٺ, Ҳסħķŭ

飬ħĳ֣ڳ߶û뵽ġ
Ҳ, ּ֮ӹ̵Ľ硣
˻īīǲΪԼŮħӣ϶ֽţ

˻, ͱħźԶһķɣڵһֱѪ
ܶ˿֮󣬷׷׺һС

ջԼ֣ŷվǣѪҲΧźɫħΣϷʣ, ڧˣ
Ȼֿܷſ֨֨˫΢Уԭˣħӵݱˡ

ĻΪǵĽѲħǰֻħǼƽ϶ѣ
ȻֶԹ˵ħˣɱǸƬײɣ

߶
˵ħӵȷһţӦֿͬЩħޡ
ҲͬΪʼͷڽ档

ϻڵŮӱ˭š
ħ϶ǻǵİɣ
ǵİɣ˵ħǸɴֻǺϻڡ
Ϻʦ㣬϶㵽
֪ĴˣȻǻ᲻ð
֮һҪϺʦ壡гСʦܡ

ҪϺΧܷҲϺվԼͿ
Ϻȴ̾˿
ܸӣЩ£Ͼŭħ𣻵ͬʱħиоһк֮С

֮ǰ˵ùѧ֨֨ͳϺǰһҪħ𵥶֮⡣

ǰһȴܷOһ˻
O㲻óͷ
Ҳ˵֮Ҫ㣬ڲȥ硣
Ϻڳȥûˡ

翴Ϻǰһ˰֣ٿOϺ˻ȥħʢ

˵ˣ˵ôֱ࣬ӳ壡Ǻþöûк˴ˣ

ߣ֮ǰŴ

Ļ˵꣬ħ޾ͳ˳

̽СֻԼĻȻܷ
Ҳ˲ȥӭУ

ܷڿôܶ
һȻǸɢ׼ߣ

ܷǵԭУɢϲսˣܶܶսЩ˵ߣȻݸħ޻ˡ
ԭУɢɵΪǱŮ¶ġ
ŮҲս˷УֻʣԼ֪Ķˣ

ܷôܷŹ
Ϻħܷ˿ܵϺߣħ𣬰ħ綼ɢɵ⣡

䣬һħܷܷӦԣ
Ȼ֮ѾΪ˿߽ףԼķȻǸħ޵磬ң£
ħ΢΢һ㶣һ룬ܷӾʹؿڣ

ܷԼҲû뵽ڵȻ֮֮ǰô࣬ܰһħȻ
ͶսУȻ򲻹ЩˣһЩСħͷǿԸ㶨ģôܶڱһ

ǣԶĿƮܷ
磡
~һѽ
㣬ᣬʲôԵģ
~ѽ㲻ϲǣܵܣԽһԡ

Сֻڿǰ·Եŭڵɪɪ
ߴߴףЩ̱úʹ
֨֨Ϊ
ߴߴףΪЩҪ۸𣿡
֨֨һ߷һ߿͸һУŲأɲϲˣ

˸֨֨£ܷô᲻
һʲôʲôΪʲôûжԼ˵

֮Ŀܷħ
ħޣЩҪɱħӵߣҲѵˡ
Ӵˣˡ
սϼû˸ƿȴû˷ŹЩˣЩ˲ˡ

սһˣҲ쳣ңǾħɢɵĴ򶷣

ħʱǳϺȥģγѵȺߵҪ顣
Ϻ֪ŭԼ³

Ϻߣܷպ뿪ħһץסϺȴϺ˵һжɢɰŵģ
ħһŭȼȻһ˲о鲻ԣϺൽԼǰϺ˵ڻƭң

ϺɫһףٴǸɢϣȥ˵ˣֻҪͻħ磬ܶռң

Ȼħǹɻȼø֪ϺҪԼȥǸɢɣݺסϺ°ͣҰŪֱ˵
ϺŪ

ħЦһ׼һ
䣬תȥ׷ǸҪսɢˡ

ɢ֮ΪǲһЩ֮ǰƻѾˣȻҪĴɢɺܼɵ˸ˣ

Ϻ̳ȥ粢սȴһŭ𣺡ߣ
Ϻ֪ԼĴ򲻹뿴ˣ

ʱܷߣȥɢɰħһɵ

ɱ˵Ŀͷܷɱ
б˾ǸͳܵܣֵԼˣ

ܷһħ޵Ĺſ񣬸飬Ȼһ˲ܵ˿еɱԴ
ʲôģ̫˺ðɣ
̵ܷ~Ѽ

䣬
ԼħǺϻȺŮĵλһģ
ȴҲ˲Ƶ˹ߣҺ͹һϺֱӴսȦ

翴һЦ
Ҷǹˡ

ҧһŭȫйɢϡ

ɢҲû뵽һγʦݣȻ¡
͹һʱ֪Լǲȫһսػܱ
˿͹磬Ǿ·һ

ôòײվȽŸòΪ
Բܰܣ

ʹʲôʲôûа취ڿ͹ҵһ
һ˲䣬ֱնֱۡ

־һ˲佫ɢ˰ΧʱѾܲԼֻ뱣סԼסԼڵΪ

ȲѼԼĿܣ
һĿܣֻҪóܣ͹ԲԼĶ֣

ɵǸ֮󣬲Զ
ʦ𣡡׵ĺ쳹ʣڵ˶Ǹ
˭Ҳ벻ɢɣųĿһȻǰ

Ƕɽٵʱ𣿡
ڵΪʲôΪɢеĿܣ
֮ǰܷ˵ÿܷǵλá

һʱ䣬ܿħһܿɢɡ
ԭмҪȥɢһ𹥴ħˣܵñ˭졣
Ͼǡˣʶڣǿġ
ʶѾ˿ܣǾǱ仹ҪʹĽ

ΪܵĹ̼̣Ϊ֮ȻѾʧȥԼʶͬһֱڿܵʹ൱Уýֻء

һԵҲ˲ףΪʲôɢɻӦ壬ҪӦɿܡ

˲Լߵħޣ嵽ħߣҲˡ
׶˵㲻پȻʦҲԶΪ˵ĿܣӦýֻأ

ɢóܵһ˲䣬ʵѾڡ
ľҲûá
֮ԼƵпܶ˳ȴԾ޷ıħһΧʵ

ƵЩܣߣħ޺Ҳͬˡ

֪ԼѾӲһ١
Ǻ⡣
Ϊʲô䵽³ӦˣӦջ

ⲻСħ޶ܷϡ
ԣΪǸŮˡ

Լô־أ
ѾҪˣҲҪǸ޵ˣ

ɢɾȻѡԱΪԭ͸еߣԱǸҴǵص˺
յĿ겢ͨԱЩԼˣҪܷ

ܷڵΪȫ޷ܵٵΣ
ڸˣܹоԼǷȻ֮սжࡣ
ȻҲ˺ܶˣЩ˶һЩСˣħս֮󣬳Եҩõ㷨ܰκá

һΪԼħս֮ʱͻȻоһɾ޴ĳ
񱻴һ..͵ը.˵˲ңҲѷ졣
Ż򶷵Ǹħޣʱһؿڣܹоһĸо

ѪӺͷŻ˳·һֹ
˲䵹ڵϣʹü⿪ʼΣɸʹԼڻĳ

ǳұܷ˹ȥ
ţܲס˫ʹ

ʵһѾ˴룬ֻܷΪʵ̫ͣ޷һɢɱĹ

ܷĵ£ÿʧأ
һ˲䣬ıûһԾ޴İɫβ׵ĵطβᣬͷҲ˲ףüëëӡ

ģߺħ־塣

Ȼ֮⣬OҲ˲ڻ
ûбԼĺӣصˣ
Щߺħ̫ʴȣ

īҲŭ޲𹥻
ûʽԼŮϣŮȴǰ

˵ķ绹ħ綼޷ܡ
и޵ʵ硣
Щûӣɢֳһ£ܷôᵹ£




75.   75    ʧȥ

ܷ֪Լĵ, ׸ı˵ǰľ档
ڻҲʹޱȡ

ûдԽ֮ǰһͨͨˣ˵ʲô, ·Сײ˴šأҲʹ졣

ȻҲ֪һ, ͻǳءǳʹࡣ
֪һ, һ¡

ܷʶһƬڰ
оԼ˷·ڻ, һ, ȵĻʹ, ̲סͷ󺰳
һ룬ʧ, ֱ˺ֺرϡ
·ǧٰѵһͬ, лͣ

̫ʹˣ
Ϊʲôôʹ
һ㴭ϢʱҲûУʹһһ
ܷ룬˰ɣ˾Ͳʹˣ

˺Ҳʼѡ
ԼҪ, Ӧǽ˰ɡ

֪ǣڿ˷֮սֲʱһߵûκι˼ɣܲԼħȫ˺

ֱ˶ͣ
ܷߣܷ岻ͣض鴤ѾûʶѪҺһɹɴŻ

ǰסܷ, ֻСҲǰ·˳
OóҩżĿ־壬ȱסʶͽ𵤡
ŵҩȴڷ񶶶

ҩιܷǵҩȴ˳Ѫ˳
Ϻǰ˫ޣ˫ޣ
ħǿҪˣ˫ȴܹ໥Ƕһ

ڴʱܷΪ̫ʹˣѾʧȥ־
˶ܸоʧ

˶ûж֮ʱ֨֨ߴߴͻȻܷϣ裡
֨֨裬Ҫǣ
ߴߴ裬ʹʹɣ

Сֻ䣬ܷˣ
̱ܷʧԭء

OҪ׷ȥȴԼȫ֪Ϣ
īǰһסO֣ӦǴˡ
O΢΢ҡͷҲܰ֮
īһȥ

Ҳʧԭء

һΣܵ˺ȻȰǰħս١
ߺħڵϹӲд
ϻڵһ㣬վŵЩˣȴûͬǵġ

Į˿Щµħޣ۵ûаͬ飬ǵʧ֮Աǡ
ںͷڵҲû˵ģĿ⸴ӿЩµߡ

ȻѾ񣬿Ȼǻڣû˺κһںڵˡ

ЩߣΪħŴ򶷵ʱд˽Ѻϻڵ˵ħһͬԴ
Ҳܷ˷˰ֻܷǶˡ
ЩΪŭ˿ˡ

ϻҲۿЩµߺħޣٿ˿Ѿħ磬ϻڵĵ˵Űɣīϻڲõ󷨣ǿԵֵЩħ޺ߵġ
ԾЩΧǺϻڣҲ¡

ڳֻһúϻڵӼɵǾħ
ϻħ

ЦһϺԼߣ֮˻û塣
ɲǸīһʵʵشںϻ⡣
Ҳúϻڵ˳ҪֻϺһ

ϻ˿Ժϻڵ˵Űɡ

ʣµЩħޣŰɡ
ǺϻڲʣǺϻڿɲٹˡ

ںͷȴܷ粻ܡ
ֻźϻڵ뿪
ڵĵǿԷҲźϻڵ뿪ˡ

ڵϵЩ޿
ÿδս֮󣬺ϻڶܶһԱ󽫣ŹȻ̫аˡ

***

ܷȷʵٴȼ.
ԼӵһƬڰУֻСǳȳȵģֻܷƴ󣬿СòС
ûм˵ıܲܳ󶼲һ

ܷ걾ͺʹʱ˿̵̣ᵽʲôʹ
ֻС뵽Լ֮󣬴ȸΪ׸ףּ

ֱԼѾʹľˣٴοڰгĶһĽֻСм䣬âʱҪϨ
СǲͣŽ𵤣Ҫ޸á

뵽Լ޸Ž𵤣ܾͲôʹˡ
ûа취޸Ž𵤣ʹ޷һ˿

ֱٴγһǹӨ׵ЯҩһƬڰУ·峿ĵһĨڴϣ˲硣
Ө׵ʮůشҩסĽ𵤡
Ȼľлת֮޸ľ

ָоͺܽȪ
ȻʹҲ˺ѣʹʹ֮䣬ȴżܹоһĨȪĵů⡣

ܷʶ𽥳Ҳһ˿˿Ө׵ʼת
ֱԼܹ鵤ҩ塣
㲻֮ǰôʹˡ

ܹøֻСˣȡ֮һֻССİ׿ȸ
׿ȸڰʶȥ޸ܷĽ𵤡

ĶӯЩҲŨ
ӿ塣

ʵûкܷ˫ޣԼӤǿƽܷ壬޸

֮⣬ֻСȸȥ
֨֨ôûκã̫ˣ
ߴߴ㲻Ҫżڼ͡

Oһ΢΢ͷĶ𣬡Ӧһֱߵģ֪ΪߣȴûߣһжΪҡ
īסO֣һ˵Ĵҵʱߣɢɻɢ֮ǰһҲһܹס

ǰòĺֻǻһʱ䣬֪ûãͿһѪ˻
֪Ǹܷ̼֮˵ǰܹܷĸֵҩŵرȫ׳

Ҳ˵ܷĴ˵
ЩȴƫܷԿжҪ
һλβ˵һŮʲôϡģһ绹ҵǧ
һֻԭεĹҲ̧ź°ͣҿɲԼĶóЩ˺þã

һЦЦݼаԣߺ˿ɲһǸӵˣΪܺù
ѵЩӿһֱڣжΪʲôЩӲ磿ΪǸСѾͷ

ϻԹֱ
Ͻĸ־ҩĺ͵ҩ

Щ޿ڶֻСȸǵ̬תˡ

ǸŮ߸Сȸ
˭뵽ô꣬ҪˣȻ߸á
ôֻСȸо̫Ծʲô˵ħӣ⡭Ҳ̫ǿˣ
ŵҩһȥɣŮôҲҪȻ

ܹħӵߣôҲܹ
Ⱥ޺ߵ̬ȽȻͬ
߿ܷһħ޵ĿֲڣΪȻħӡ
Ƕ˵ܷΨһܹϿĴڡܹãһõľȻħӡ
˭ܱȵϣ

Ȼ֨֨ߴߴҲΪų衣

ŸСߣ㿴Ӻ첻죬Һòժģһɣ
⣬ųӶĶ໶ѽոմץģĺţ
ЩʲôҴգ
ԼԺͻɣϡϷ𣿵Ҵȥˮ棡

ߴߴСüͷҡͷ軹ûѹҪ
֨֨ƢһЩǺᣬ߿ȻҪˡ

Ƿ׷ؿھҪ˵ʱÿɰѽ
СüͷҲɰ
Ҽȸ泤ÿġ
ǵȻҲߵտһأ

ǵ߷ˣʲôʱܹѹ
ǸɢѾˣˣڻţһȥ
˵ҲʲôöҪɱǵС߱ҿ̫

ҶܵܷͬʱҲΪǵĳֱ
չõĴҲ׷׳أ뿴ĺӾʲô
һЩҲˡ
˵߷һˣǵҪ߷˺߾˭ÿ

ܷ֪˶ڴһ޸
ֱ͵Ѿָ˴룬ʶڲһƬڳ
Ҳˡ

ܷԼ˫ۣ۵ƶǳ
ȻԼǰһϤֻǸ˺ûǰôÿˡ

ɳ΢ʵôأߡ

ʱܷ͵Ŀ֮ĵһ仰ȻǶԼֵɣͺԼûһ˫һ߰
ָ̧ܷȴǴҧＷģΪ˾㣬²߲ݣͻһ䣬ұˣ

ܷʱ˼
֮ǰħսϣ֪ôˣȻ˱ˣǿһֱھԼ
ʮѵ̧Լָ⣬ץס˿°ڣллߡ

΢üһ䣿
ܷƣЩ˼ţ
˵ѵӦǸл֮𣿡

ܷ죬ԭ԰׵ϾȻ˵ķɫ
Ͳˡ

ܷ۾תתأ
̾һ֪ѵõĶʱ䵽˽
Сֻܷĸĸȷʵǳ㽫ܷϢ˳ȥ

һֱڶŵˣһ˵ܷ֮ҪҲֻܷĸĸСֻԼܽ

Сֻ̳֮嵽ܷǰҪȥ
·סֻܶڿĵͷڴϵܷ
֨֨ôôòѹ
ߴߴҺͽ㶼ģǺú£ôԺҪˣòá

ܷͷԺܣһԶԶģҲǿˡ
ֿԱߵĸĸ۵Ц⣬ǣѾûˡ

ЩˣԼҲңõûзÿһʧȥҲһΣʧȥС




76.   76    ġ

ܷѹ, Ѿֹһ¡
Ҳ磬ҩ޸Լ, Ҳָ߰˰ˡ

Щߣ֪߷Ѿ𽥻ָ, ߷ˡ
һٰһݴᡣ

˿, ֻȫɶϿСѾͷ, 㻹Ըˣô, ֪ϲ

Цһ, ɱ⿴
Ѿϰ񣬼Цѵ˵, Ҳ֪ڵʲôΪʲô˵أ

ֻм˺һۡ
Ϊȸ, ܷ
ᡣ
ȻⲢΪԸܷԼԸ鶼ã֮ǰһֱ, óȻܷԼ⣬˿ô죿
ңȷʵЩҪŪܷ˼

Ը̸£Ҳʱ״ˡ
ʺˣϻû°ɣ

û£ܷĸķԪ, вħܶһʱ޷ӦֻܷţԼɵĵӳȥԴ˱ҡ
ϻڵһ⣬ħħǲ˺ϻڵĵӣȴҲ˼˫޴ءǵøСѾͷϻȫɣҪġ

Ϣܷܷȷʵ˲٣̾ϺȻǺϻӦþҵˡ

ܷ֮ҪôţҪ𣿡

ֻܷСȸСԴСȸ쳤˲ӣܷġ
֨֨裬
ߴߴҲߺߴߴҲҪ

ܷһ§ֻСȸֻһֻ֣ߣöֻС
ſģ֮ǰ˺ܴ
ܷ۾ͻתĿ⣬ΪܾĿ۾޷ֱӡ

ߴߴͷܷߣ֨֨ͷ
ȻСֻС񣬵ҲŸĸĸС°˫ۡ
ܷģ˿С˵ôôȳȵģСʱǲҲģ

˲Ϭţ
̷ܷûûУҿЦģСʱ϶Ưɰ

Ȼܷſʼشһ⣬ȻҲڻһֱ磬ǻҪ֨֨
֨֨Сڶ۾һ죬ţ֨֨ҪΪħ𣬱裡
ߴߴҲͷ衣

ܷ
ȷʵǺǣС̲ŶɶҲأ裬豣ǰɡ

Ҳһ£ߣԺҲ͵ˣҪලŶҪŬġ

һôǺϻķǡ
ܷˡ
ЩƮ˵Ҳǲܰ
˭֪ȴƺǺԸ⣬ǻǰɡ
뿪ڵܷĻáðɡ

ĺʧŶ
Ҳûа취ȳ׻ָ֮󣬾ͿٴΰȻճˡ
ʱͲ֮ǰˣֱӰƵɣ
ȥϺȡȡ
Ҳ֪᲻վأǺӶأܹ߶Լվ飬Ҳһļͥѽ

ܷ仯ÿڴҪܷܸʲô
뵽˴ܷ˵£ߴߴǲĵģ֨֨ǻȥħء룬ͻغϻˡ

ֻ̱ܷϵ֨֨ͷš

֨֨ȷʵǵĵģԺ˫ܷΪߴߴԼĽ̵õģֻ̫֨֨⣬ҲΣյģ֨֨Ҫ

˾֮󣬽Ϣܷĸĸ
OЩʮҲҪξԼŮΪ
ܷĻOҲʮͬ֨֨ԼΪҲҪɲ֮ǰ¯Ҫ˫ҲޣǺϻڵĹкʺΪֻҪ˫ޣΪٶȾͻغϻڣٸ¯ɲܾܾˡ

С仰
СֻϣO˵OΪҰɡ

˭֪Oſɡ
˲ף˵û⣬ġ

ԱߵīСֻ󣬿ſͬܣҪͺϻڵ˽Ϊ£̫ˡ
īǶO㿴绹˭ԺͿˣȷʵõģ㵣ĵ⣬һúø˵ġ
ȻֺͿɳģ֪Ϊ˳ΪΨһO˫޵ˣжŬΪΪ˰OñȥҪõǺϻڵӵģʵ̫ˣֻܾΪúܷĸ׶ûаֲܱסλá

īĴͻȻоᡣ
ңҪǸͬˡ
ɲܷɵӣúףīн죬ΪǰųħᱻϺͻħ磬ΪӶ˫ޡ
ΪԼǲһġ

˫ȷʵҪճ̾ˡ

ߵ֪ܷվҪ뿪ٰһͱᣬôҲҪȫ߷˳ʲôӰɡ

֮ͬʱ硣
ɢɵĴ﷨ҳǸӦķ
Ӧųȴ֣ӦѾûǸʱ䲻Ǻܳʶû
ӦȫڵĻǣʹϧȴûзӦ壬壬ȻѾħħҲܹɾͣҲ֪ڵħҲֿɱ˶ˣӦҲǿԵġֻڣҪһ
ﵹһЩģģҿ԰һҵ

ӦմǸǵʹлδȫɢ
ĻʮֶݣΪԼӦѾ˷ˡ
ҪӦ𣬿ȴܡ

ӦȻʦ壬ѾǰӦˣħħҲɾֻͣԽԽħ

ħ𣿡
˵ֻԼЩʹҪβܽԼħҪȥ𣿡

ӦѾˣħڿϣܷϣҪȥܷҪԼħħҲнġ

ͬһȥɡ
ȻܣѾףҪ˳Լı£һҲӦһħ

Ӧҡͷˣʦ壬Լȥɡ
ѾԼģϣ˿ĵЩࡣ

Ȼл֮׼뿪
ȴ˵㲻ӦҵлӦøлܷ˺ߣǣɢɲɢҲ޷ô׽ȳ

Ӧһ㶣Ƭ̵֪ˡ
䣬ʧˡ

ԼؿڵλãоԼĺһ顣

Ӧ뿪һֱƮ硣
ɼߣ֪ܷ硣
˵ܷҲ˵ãɢɱȻԱ˰ɣŽڵΪء
һ˵֪Oǻ᲻ᱣҲǲ֪ǸɢɾȻôˣȻҶƭˣ֪ʲôʱͻΪĿء
԰㿴ӦͲΪĿܣǿֻضܽġ

ӦЩ뿪
δԼһ쾹Ȼܷľ֮ˡ
ֻԼڷﻹʹʲô˺ѡ

Ʈһ죬ĳһ˵ʦôûأ˵᲻ɽʧѽܸܲŻȥ߷ѽ
֪أҲ뿴߷ˣ˵߷˿ߣ߻һء

Ӧ˼һʦչصĵط
ǽѾʮִ޹Ͳһֱˡ

ģӦ嵹֪ɽٵӦ׶༪١
Ȼƻ޶ɽٵĵطͿһֻСʬףԼʬԱߣѾҪɢĻǡ
ɽʧˡ

Ӧ弸û˼ͽǸ壬ȻûΣٿԱ߾ҪɢĻǣһӣս
ˣҲᱻ˷ԼᣬĻǡ
ȵȥ翴ߣ뿪ˣֻС겻

ʱֻСͽˣӦʦڽչѽ
һֻһԼʦûжɽٳɹΪЩ㲻£˵Ĵţʦ֪ߴ˸˻죬߾Ҫ˻غϻˣվǳݴأҲȥɡ
ԵأʦҲȥɣ߻ֻСȸأʦ˵ֻСȸԷģʦҲһΡ

Ӧһᣬͷãȥ

ֻʦ󣬶ŸԷʹɫ
ôʦɽʧˣ˳ء
ǵѽûǰôȻԸˡ

ΪⶼԼʦɽʧܺ󣬱øӳˣҲô⡣
ǸֻСȸ߷ء

ݴᣬҲǸܷͱᡣ
ܷһʱҪӵˣЩš
ʼ֮ʱԼĸףҴɡ

һֱĶǺϻڵ·йоصġ
ʣ·Ҳÿ
OЦòÿҸ㻻һвٵ·ء

ܷǵˡ
ǾԵ̫ˣͿһ
ֵôԣվء

״̬ҲӰ쵽СֻСֻһҪ
֨֨ԼҽڣȻѾܿɰˣǴ˻һɰ
ߴߴͷţߴߴҲɰģߴߴҲҪ

ܷ˿СֻͷϵĻЩСֻ߳䡣
ԺԱһֱͣ˵ĺ

ܷһţͺ
ЦһΪҪúôһû뵽Ȼƽʱࡣ
ֻܷ㲻磬òҲ˾ޡ
˵۵׵ĴԼͶ䲻Ծ¶Ȼִʣеġ

٩ܷЩߡ
ԭҪúôġ

СֻΧˡ
֨֨˵ɵ㲻˵ŶҪˣģ
ߴߴţ·أ




77.   77    صϻ

ܷû뵽ͯ޼ɾȻֵܹز, ⻰˵Щ֪ôӦ
ǿصߴߴһۣߴߴŽԼԴ͵֨֨ļ򴦣ʾԼ˵ˡ

Ա, Ц˺һ
ҲǺܾöûнӴСӣû뵽̵ĵ´ĺ, ˵ôĻ, Ҳ֪ƽж಻

ܷæ˵ǿȥǱ߰, Ȼˡ

˵, ǰߴߴ, ˿һۡ
ԼĺԼúỵ́

޹ˣߴߴ˵ĺҲ̵ѽ

ܷټ, ſߣѾˣٲϽȥҪȼˡ
֪ˡ
ȴҲûоܾǰߡ

һνٺ֮, ܷ׽һЩ
Ǻ׽ġ

˵ǾۼĵطһĹ㳡㳡ЩҪ޻ΣЩǰһЩԭΡ
˵֮, ϷҲ٣ٿԱߵҲвٵޡ

Щ޵ȫܷСȸϡ

ǿܷͿɷ׷̾˵ò
߷˲һˣȻֻվһ𣬲Ųᱻڸǹâ
ѽǰΪڵӦߣȴû뵽ܷƯ
˵߷֮ǰһֱڱչûô磬Ժܶ˶֪òѾ֪ж֮, Ҳ͵͵˯ء
Ǹʶ˵ѽм˸˯ߵġ

ӦվЩԱߡ
ǵһԼƽܷͿ硣
ʱҲʶЩ޹Ȼ˵öԣܷͿվһʮ䡣
ϻҲбܷվڿ˰ɡ
ԼҲȥˡ

ܷͿλϣٵ޷׷ǰȥԼ

ܷЦҵлȴЩЩǴŻģҾԼţøҡ

Щȴ˵ЩԭǸ׼ѽ
ֱӽЩ˿ǾŰɣиСߵء

֨֨ߴߴϳһ˵ЩǻԼģ˶˻βϵСȦ
ī͸ǵ´﷨ɱ֮ǰǸ﷨ˡ

֨֨ͦСظʵһҲҪǵԼҲкöء˫С۾ȴԼȤĶ
ߴߴҪֱӺܶ࣬ԼϲһԱߣʯͷƯ͸ҵ𣿡

̽ʯͷȥȻҪŵĴ﷨𣿡
ߴߴ˵ţ
Ǹ޽ʯͷ͵ȦԱߣʯͷ̱㱻ߴߴսȦȻ޾Ȼߴߴգָܵë޵ĴУ¶˳պһЦݡ

ܷ֨֨ߴߴսСʵû°ɣȥ֪նء
˵ްԺߴߴΪʣҲҪػһƬصģֻǽЩѶѡ

˵ţһֻ˹ܷһǳķҴõķֻҪϣֿܵһĹ

Ӧ塣
ʵӦԼĶǰߵʱ򣬷ǳ˵ҲмãܷһҲһأǱⶫó͸ܷ

ܷһǶͼֵƣô¡
ҲգԼðɡѾкöˡ
һЩǿģOīġ
īõģ֮ǰɢĹҲôصˡ

Ӧܷ
ܷҪǶ˱˵ᣬʹױ֣ȴҲҪ£Ǳת뿪ˡ

ֻܷÿıӰЩϤԼû磬Ӧۻˣû⡣

һ֮󣬷׷뿪
Ҳͺһ飬ȥһЩδ顣
ܷ֨֨ߴߴߣСֻЩſǵСһˣ
СֻܷҲҸޱȡ

ԼˣÿҲûзԼ
ҲܰĻ档

ڴʱֻˡ
̧ܷͷòЦҲûлȥ𣿡
ӦҡҡͷĿ⸴ӿܷǲʣڿڵһֱϣһ𡣡

ܷ΢΢һ㶣û뵽Ȼ˾ȻС
ĵ׸ֳһɬ
ǾúõĺͣҺͿûһ˵ʵе㸴ӣȻѾ˫޹ˣӣʵҸڲǵ¹ϵ

Ӧ˫һгϣǲһʵѾкˡ

ܷȴҡҡͷȻ˫Щ΢죬ҲǲһɣʵҲһϲһҲϲˣҿ϶ףһġ

Ӧ۵׵ĹϨ

ܷӦѹʮָӡ
ʵЩϲΪкҪˡ
ͬʱȴЩۣϲһȴûнĸоӦúܰɡ
ԼͿ֮Ѿôô飬ӣԼĳɹʻǰܶࡣ

̾̾΢üͷԼǰǸɫĺСҪϲ𣿡

ӦɫһΣҲϲҶߵĸ鲻ϲҾӦòϲ

ܷãˣʲôأϲΪʲôϣҺһأ

Ӧ죬Ҳ벻ԼһҪһ˵еĸ飬˾Ȼˡ
ǲ֪Ϊʲôܷ˫ۣǽĻ˵Ϊǰģȴһֱţöṳ̂ϻһĳ֣߲ɣʲôͻȥôһֱںϻأ

ܷӦĻͻȻֹϵǷ˿ż
ԼǸż˺ӡ˿ܵŮˡ
һ룬ͺôˡ

룬Ӧ˵ã˻ɹرȿԸ𣿡
Ӧһ

ܷ˵ʵŶǸķǵˣܶʱ˵ŲԸ⣬ʵϲˡ
Сֻʱÿζ߶˵ʲôзģÿǳٵˣûаСֻ͵ߣҪҶܾء

ôˣΪôߣ绹˭ԱԸأ
ҪģֻʵһдûбҲɵġ

ӦһγĬ˸ʱ䣬һҲԼѡ񣿡

ܷ˵ǵҲûһ
漴СֻϣֻΪСһǳ󡣡

ӦҲӣСȸڲݵȥһЩǵСͻݲݣ򵥵׷ϷҲúܿġ
Ӧôܷǵ֨֨ߴߴʱȴԾɾĵһ

Լĸˡ
һţΪֻܷСȸ߱ʶߡ
һȴԼܹôɰãԼҲĸԸģԸΪǷһЩԼɡ

ܷеİ첻ͣ˸
͵ЩҪȫռ۾֮ʱˡ
Ӧʶѡ뿪Ҳҿһۡ

ź뿪ıӰ΢΢üŲһЩܷߣոǸ˭
ܷⷭڣȴҲ֪ԼûԳԴףֻһߡ

˿ע⡣
΢΢üŶҵһߣ˵ʲôˣ
ܷҲû˵ʲôϣܹǰһڵ

ЦһھͲˣ
ֻͷڵСֻҲȷûǰôڡ

ܷŶûйϵŶҿԼ뿪ġ
ǣҪǰҵĺĴŲ֪

̧ܷۿſ׸𣿻Ҳ׸𣿡
˵أ

ܷô֪ôġ
ǡСֻܷ˶˽ܷ裡ף

ܷ§סֻСǵͷֻȳȵӣôôɰ

֨֨˲ܷģֿܷ˵ʲôѽ

ܷ˴Сͷ᲻׸

֨֨۾˵ôܣҺôɰôƯô׸׸ߡ
ߴߴҲҡͷԣϲˡ

ŵСģ治ǿŮ

ҲûΪ֨֨ĻܷԼһ䣬Ҳ

ܷ΢΢졣
ɲǱûš
ʲôõĳֵأ
ΪôͣҲɢЩŮ¡
ǸСֻſϸĿܷ룬ȻֻǻǿȻ֮վɡ

գǱص硣
ʱ͵˺ϻڡ

ϻյЩͳ
ϾȻ֪ܷѾûˣûплǺܵǡ

ܷڻˣϻڵĽ̼ڿܷȻ˿üȹת뿪ѩ˵ȻСʦû£Ҿͼȥ˫ˣȻ˵ĶأΪҪģ

ԭټһᣬɫԽԽڣҲ뿪
ܷϵܺõϺܷ˫΢΢죬Сʦû¡

ܷ֪ܵԼæǰ֣ûˣΪҲָǰ

Ϻǿ£ɰŻˡ
ȻЦЦСʦ㶼ˣҲӦѹˡ
һϢҪСʦ壬Ѿħ˵ãӦֻ֨֨ԺһҲܹΪһߡ

ܷ̫ˣ̫ˣϺû뵽Ҳڵʱ㾹ȻĵҲˣ
ûΪίԼѽǧίԼŶǻİ취ʱҲħ̸ġ
ϺίһΣҺ֮ûκԼֻǰæѡ




78.   78    ϻڷ

ܷϺ, ѩҲ߹ȥ˵˵ǶһЩ֨֨ͳѵرԼı, ᱻħӰ̫࣬, Ǿͷİ, ֨֨ͳħ, ӰҲ̫󡣡

ܷ̫, Ҳѽ

ѩܷգգ۾˵, ǿɲ࣬ءû뵽ô, Աǰŵÿˡ
֮ǰˣΪ½úֻ¹ȥ, ΪѾָ˴ǰ۷ʱڡɴ˿ɼȷʵ

ѩһЩ⣬ϺʵϺʦ㣬ħ𣬻಻ࣿ

ܷһ, Ƕȴ
ǺþûϻڵİԺ˫޷ˣѩԶ˾أ

Ϻ˼Ƭ̣ѩ˵˵ʵ֮ǰʱɰǰ˫޵Ǹ˲ϾʱֻҰ޵ıܣȴʲôһʹǲǰħڶħ˫ۻ˾, ˵ûУҲ֪ѧЩûôĻ

ѩĽҲ̫Ҹ˰ɣȻڱǰȷʵ˺ܶ࣬һֻֻ֪صţͿɾҲŸ֮ǰ֮ġ

ܷĽˮ
ҲҪվأֻҪһ뵽ߵļ档
һֻֻ֪صţҲѽ

ܷЩġ
Ϊϻڵĵӣ˫ճҸЩ̫˵ȥˡ
ҪԼȥϰϰϻڵЩ˫޹ǿɶǺϻڵǰµı鰡

ڴʱܷ飬ѩ˵˫飬Ǻϻڵĵ˵ȽƽƽｻҲǺѰ¡Ƕŵ˵ѽԳ֮⣬Ҳû;ԻⷽļɣǺϻڲкܶ˫ܼѽҪȥЩؼѧ

ѩ˫ˢһ¾ˣСʦ壬Ҳ̫ˣ
ԽԽǳУǽڣ󲢲ǺܸߣҵԪӤڣԪӤԪӤҲͬ˫ޣΪ绢Լ̣Ҳ֪Ҫ̵ʲôʱ̻ܰᡣرԸڴϸ˵ЩҲ֪ôˡ

ܷԼϳԼС˵ľжϣӦ˵ɣϾ˲ܲУǽ̵̫࣬ڸУȻ޷

ϺԴидħСʦ̼֮˿һ˫ޡ

ѩ۵¶ĽĹâ
Ϊʲôħޱɲ֮󣬾Ϻ˫ޣԾûôأ˵Ҫơȥ棬ݽϣǰòء

Ļ⣬Ҳ֪Ϊʲôתֱѩʱܷʮͬؿԡ
ѩһƻ˫޶Իеءϣܹһ㣬ѩñ̫ΣӰ

֮һЩϻڵĵܷ
ֱܷһյʱѾȫȥ
ص䣬Ϳһ򣬷˿֮⣬ûˣСֻҲڡ

ܷʵȥˣôڻ
˵OտܾͲˣôҪȥ𣿡

ܷ룬ǻҲȻͲȥˣǺ׶ദദɡ
Ȼߵ£չȥ򣬡ڿʲôأ
˵ҵġ

ǾǺ֨֨йصĹؼ

ܷߣԼĴɰҲȡһؼ״˵ҲˣҲһǺϻڵɡ

ֻʶؿһۣ߾ҲزˣΪܷǱɲͨǺϻڵ˫޹

ϻڵ˫޹һЩ˫иоõľͷʽ
ҲǺܶĺϻڵԭ֮һǾúϻڲδ̰ͼϵĻˣ޵֮Υ

ܷǹݿġ
ħıŭͷӱܣܷΪԼӦȷķʽ֪Ĳ֮

Ȼ֮󣬱ǰ㿴Щ飬ôʼˣ
һʱ֮Щ²͸ܷı飬˼Ƭ֮ʵOҪ¯

ܷŶţǸײ͡

Ȼ
Ȼû¯¯ϣǾǸԼйˡܷѾʼƻҪԼ˫

ǳ⡣
˽ոջʱ档

ҪȥһЩ֨֨ħ顣
δ뵽صϻҵ硣
ڷ޷۵һ˿Ϸʣ˵û˫ްָܷ
ǣǲɵôõĻᶼץס

ԭ˵һ˵֨֨飬ƣȰ֨֨һߣ˵Ϻ˫޲ĸԸġ

˵Ŀʱһ

֨֨Ҳû˵ã֮䵹ǰʼ
ϺصԼ֮󣬼ûвЩ֡
ƽӾֻ˫֣ʱһֱԼͻħΪɣôҪ˫ޣҲס쵹סˡ

Ϻֵɡ
ǰЩ̫ƣӦùһ¡

ΪԼҲӦøܷķ
ִ¿ؼȻܷ˵Ǻϻ˫޹ǲѣֽϵվǳ
лÿж

ܷץסǰһ䣬ߣܿ
Ȼʲôѧġ

ܷ룬ǶԼ֪ûأ
ҪѧöɾͶˡ
ߣ֪ʲô赲ҶʹȻ֮վ
һǰʮֲõһѽ

ܷͻȻñ
ôܷζʲôأ
ּĸоʶ
һ˲䣬ԼںʱҲйͬĸܡ
ħϻʱܷ˵һЩħǺ״̬ҲΪˣһδУΪ׵ػʤˡ
ʱܷħ˵ǡС졯֡

۵һ˪Ȼܷùϻڵ˫ؼ
ȻܷԿȻҲǺϻڵؼôȤſɡһЩ֨֨Сֻȥˡ

ܷıӰֱһǸؼ۵׵ŭͻδʢ
ĲǵãԼܷ˫޵ʱǷû⡣
Ͼʱܷĳ඼ǵãôǵЩҪϸ֦ĩأ

Σ۵ȼһ
ħҲν
ֻںһӣܷһһ

ܷԼΪܻ̼Ѿ׼ÿħ裬һֱʱܹڻĳЩʹʱ䡣

Ȼû뵽Ȼûа㶯
ܷͷʺţѵİʾΪʲôһЧûУ
˵ʵһֱУʲôԭ涼ŮСѽ

ԣŮСݣŮ˫ޣҵСݣȥġ
ܷоǰ·һƬã

û˫ޣΪܹΪһ˼ܷʱǰ˺ܶࡣ
֮ȻܹоԼΪȴܿ顣

۰Ͱ͵ؿŸղָԼĿ΢üͷСһͰͣߣҾҵΪĺŶ
˵ĵȻ֮

ֻһܷȴֻ20ʱ䣬Ѿ˽ڵΪѾ

ܷҧҧ΢˼ɤӣԼӽǣҲŶҽ;ýʹʹġ

֣ȴԾ飬ǲ첻ұˡ

ܷһջԼȻ
Լˣ

ֻʧ뿪
뿪֮󣬿ó˸̵ĺϻ˫ؼһ
Ȼ֪⣬һܷһε˫޼̡

ܷһ֮󣬷ֿûôױջ󣬱㻹ǾԼҪע֨֨ϡ
ħҲӦԴ֨֨ҲȽͬħ֮޽һ󷨡
īǸţֻһ󷨣ǲֱӽϻڰᵽһȥɡ

Ϻһۣϻڵŵַô˵ͱ䡣
Oͺϻһۣ˾ħ֮䣬ٽһСĺϻڷڡ

ʮ֮
ϻѾټ֣׼ȥħ߽޽ϻڷֲ
ϢҲ
ЩԺϻԾɱһεɣҲʼЩɺϻڡ
˵ѾϻƲɡ

нΪһ¼ֱ˺Ϊɱ

ԭɾʮأرһЩ¸صĳϣرλá
ΪЩʱշ飬ϻڶ𣬺ϻѾȫһħ̣Ӧϻڳײǡ
ǽȴΪ

˵ȻʼΧ˺ϻڣΪϻڷħȻմҲ֤ʵϻȷʵħӳħħӣδκΣ£һжġ
Ҳ˼ħ˺ü£Ҳһֱںϻ𣿡

ʵֻҪϸ룬ʱħ֮ͻ඼Ҫѹħ硣
˵ħ޶ߵĲкѵ֮Ͳᷢ
ǿʳѾΪɣǽЩɵĵӣҲʱ۸ЩΪǵ͵Сߡ

˵֮ǰǸɢǰΪˣʵҲ٣Щ֮󣬱ħޣ˱ˡ

𶼾ӦҪ£߻ħޣֻҪΥ£Ӧַ

Ǹ۶ʧͷŭǺϻҫħ֮޽ϻڷڣҲٲ᣿
ȥϻڿ»Ϊв






79.   79    죬·ϡ

ⳤ˵⻰֮, 𶼲Ӧ֪ȷʵ¡
УܽŵȨٽ
ͲӦѡôҰĵܣ˭֪Ȼܹչ

ת, ׼ٻԼͽܡ
ͽܺͺϻڵܷһЩǣܷ֮, һ˫޵ӦԼͽ, ܷ֮ȥҵĿ˫ޡ
ͽܳȥ֮ǰ, ϣܷܹΪĵ, ֻܾ֮Ȼȥ
Ҳ֪ͽܲܰæ

ͽܾǽڵĴʦ֡

Ȼͨڵ, ҪԼͽܴţڴʦȴûκλӦ
ⳤ̷ŭԼһ, ȥѰҽڴʦ֡

***

ܷԼ׽ϻڷڵ鰲źֿ֮˸ʱ, ڿָһЩĵرι£ΪõǷǳ죬˵ٶȥͻᵽ𵤺, ˳ɽ١

֮⣬Ϻѩ˸Ľ
ĵصԾѡ˺ɽͤ΢㣬һԵõط
ȻܷǱȽϺߵģûֱ˵Լֻ΢ʣһѣһϵҪңҲ̫, Ծֻһλʦֶ

һԼı鿴ʮ࣬΢ǳ
Ϻѩĵضһۣ˶ͷСʦѾǵѣʲôأ

ܷоѾµˣ˵ܱ˵ԼҪ΢ôһ㣬˵Լʵ̫߳ˡ
˵һȽϲߣȷǸߵϲϲԼһ£ҪβܹǸ߶Ȥ

Ϻ˼Ƭ̣СʦǸһǺϻڵȻЧӦ᲻
ѩȴ°ͣЦһζСʦѳźСʦһľգҲôȥȻֻҪѽ

ܷ̾˿취ҶѾԹѽа
ܷص㽫߷ѩϣѩѽǰʱЩʲôѽ˵ҲӦúĹŶԡ

ѩԴԼСʦ廹Ǻģϸ룬ֿ˿ܷСʦ壬һЩѰɣַһƵѣʱߵķµһȤζҲûС
Ͼ·ˮ˺һ㶼ء

ܷУҾллˡ

ϺҲʾСʦ壬Ķ治ԶһܶȪȻǸȪر㣬Чһ㣬˫ҲܱڶһЩСʦ壬ѴϲǸˣȥǴܶȪ

ܷԼѾӮˡ
ȪټԸƯ·ɱȷʵܴ
ǰδԽʱϿЩŮǴƯƯģҪᡯء
ûԼһ˵գϾµĴضĻΧÿĶ
ĶĿԷˡ

ܷȥʱ򣬴ɰѾ˺ü·һǳϲЩִķʽȹصķƽ¶ǰļ.ʮڰڵĲɴȹȷʵȺϻڵŷҪÿࡣ

ܷ֮󣬾ԼҲῴžԼˮˡ
⾫µ١Ƥϸ֫޳˫ȣôܲˣ

ܷţߣҷźһȪźأ벻ȥһݣ

һ⻰֪ģȻȷʵҲܾϲû뵽ܷȻҵֵطǱеҪࡣ
ȻԼļƻһʱ䣬ϻڵ˫޹δ꣬Ǿȥһܷʲô취.Լ
֮󣬷кüȪÿһеĽ磬ʲôᱻ˿
ȻǵȪĵط
ϻôֲõʣȴ˫޺޹ĵط

һЩһڷһƬԼëë߽ԭ׼ŪܷĿס˽Ų˲ԼΡ

ȪߵܷһڽĻȪ
ܵſڽ紫ĲתͷȥȴʲôҲû

ȫȪϣܷվԼȹڵʱ򣬿ɴȹ֮˼ֵ˫ȣԼĶ
һ뵽ļܷƵ̾˿߽һҪѽ

ԭ׼εĿͣ˶
Ȼϡ
ԼͣܲͰɣ

ǰ˵ܷþ˱ֹԼΡ
Σһܷ˫ޣһҪǳſԡ

ܷ˺ܾöûе
ϻصʱ򣬿Ҳ£ºûнܵǸϢܷ˰أʮʧ䡣
ԼǱܾ
ҿܻΪһ.ܾĴ߰ɡ

ֻܷ˺ϻڵ·˺ɽͤѩϺ˵׼ˣϲǸˣûȥȪ

Ϻ΢΢졣
ѩֱӾ²ʲôϰɣ

ܷüͷʵҲġ
ԼûаȤǲ屾ͲУһ˫ҲΪ̼ȣͻȻһ¡

ܷ̾˿û˵һȴ̾ϺѩԾѡ
˵ӦðΪȸʱܵʲô˺Ϊʲôϵⶼܽѽ
˵߸ͲϲŮӣ

˶һۣ뷨
ѩһ˿ɶȥˣСʦ壬㡭ֺαִһأ
ϺҲпǴ£Ȼѿϵ޷һͬУǾѡһˣֺαΪһˣԼأ

ѩҲǸӣ˵:Сʦ壬ţȥԣ㡭ɫڵӡ
ϺҲʵħ˫ҲСæѡӦиĺѡ

ܷæ֣ˣҪȥ߶ˣÿأһԼһ֮ٿ

ϾЩԽܵģҪһЩʱƽĵĴˡ

įıӰѩϺԽϧ
ϻڵĵӣɴ˫һίԼôҲܿСʦȥ

ܷԭΪԼֻǻеʧ䡣
ϲģȻҲ뵽վ顣
ӦϴοԼйأԴӱ֮ԿĸʮԣȼһҪͿһΪ£ͬӵ뷨
Ϊϲֻռһ㣬ڣܾ֮еѹڸԿĸԼ˺ܶࡣ

ôأԼʲôϲϿأ
Ϊʲôϲһ˶о֪ڸոϲʱ򣬾Լ˼Ҳôѹˡ

ܷصԼ䣬оװһƵĻЩʹ
ʲôҲ᲻£ֻһڴϣȥ

ԼԺӦҪôأԼͿ֮仹أԺҪôӺͿأҪֱȥףһЩˮ֮Ķݸ鳹
Ժſͻܣӻô

ڷһȴѾãʹʱǹô۵ĸϣʹĥ

֨֨ħͷֶﲻԾ
֪ܷȥˣһ춼û
Ѿϻڵ˫޹еò࣬Щ߰ĴͼʲôģҲ˸߰˰ˣʮİܹܷҹҹֻƭܷȪﴩѡ
ֻţ;һ

ܵܷ䴫ϢܷƲôģѵΪԼûǰΣΪԼûȥѹˣ
һ뵽ܷħ˵ĶС֣ҧ˲֪ŮˣôԼܹں׼£˫ޣ
ǲǾԼҲҪ϶С֣

֨֨ߴߴһҲûܷͣڿ
ߴߴף
֨֨Ҳ˵ٲǣҾͲҪˣ

׼СֻȥܷϺѩˡ
£Ȼȥȴǻ˺ü˹

ѩǲô¿ߣɿСʦˣ

ʵʲô

ѩһЦǰСʦ˼¯͹׼һЩҪСʦغôãҲûһ˫޵ˣξΪأϾǺϻڿɶǿ˫أЩʵЩ̫ˣҲ˵ĺܡ

Ϻɫãɽ͵ߣ벻ҪЩ˷ϣǾֻСʦѣӰСʦ֨֨ߴߴ֮ĸŮϵСʦԺҲһͬӡ

ӣһҲվ˵ֻá

ī顣
ϻڵˣȻûĵġ

ɢơ

Ϻѩһۣǿˡ
߲ǶСʦûģ
Ϊʲôֲȥ

ſͽ֨֨ߴߴϺO
֨֨ԸˣҲȥҪףΪʲôҪң
ߴߴ΢΢ӣ֨֨ըС򣬡߰ɣŶÿ£

ϺѩҲɿȥ
·ϺǣӦûкСʦɣ
ѩӦòŶǸӣҪȥˣСʦӦøлǲǡ
Ծ£Щܷ

ܷԼҲһŭԼ䣬ܷܶɻļ¸ȡ㡢˭ˣ

ߵܷߣһѽһ§һ°ͣݺݵϳ㣬˭ǵô

ܷ˵֨֨ߴߴѽӲʱҲġ
˵

󣬿ĥ°ͣأھ͸һϡ

ܷˢһºˣ㡢ô֪㲻û𣿡

죬·ϡ




80.   80    ĺ

ֱܷԼ, ȴһ˲䣬ͻȻֿԭǸˣô

ദ, ɫ˿ֲĿܷҲǲµġ
ΪĻźɬռ, Ѿûλˡ

ʲô·лú˵, ҪҡܷԽǱ, Խû·

Цаһ, ǵ, ǰɣǸʲô㳤ԡ

ܷǰһ˺ڿռмٴ, ûôӦ͵ǸܶȪ

Ȼ㽫˵ǽϣ°, ʵط㻹ǵðɣʲô·㴩·
вԼϣҰ㻻

Լ·ѡֱ÷ϡ
ǿԼ϶˺Լϵķ£ȻڴӴɰ·, Լϡ
ܷɲſԼ·ʱ򣬻һǫǫӡ

ҡԼЩؿſҵ°ͺʹ

ФֱҪЦˣ°ͱʹ˾Ͳܻ·ˣ˵ûô
ô꣬ûĽڡ

Ƿſܷ
ܷƵػ˻֣Լķ»һͨ·

˲ŷ·Ǭ
Ца񣬡ԭ·ȻǷ˵ģ, Ϊʲô׼һһƵ·

ܷˡ
ΪʲôΪȤ
Ϊ㣬ҵĹ޶ԣôȥѩõ·컹ɵشˡ
ǣڣȴ

ܷȻû˵ȴ¶˴˿ĵ뷨
ȻΪԼȴ
ŸղѾԼ°ͣʵ̲ס΢΢̧򦣬һҧ΢°ͣ΢ϸļڸйȻеĸá

ܷû뵽ҧԼʶһȴҧòأӲ°΢΢ĥ䣬Ȼһݵ΢顣

ܷʶ˫ۣ̲ס˹Щ㲻Ҫſҡ

ĥ°ͣʵ˵Ϊʲô׼·˵ˣҾͷſ㡣

ܷܶǽϣűӲʯͷס崫΢΢ʹܹʶһЩ
Ҫƹˤˡ
һֱĶǹȻͿվ顣ѾﵽĿ꣬ǧܷŹλᡣ
ڼԼһ̾ͺˣԺ.̡

ָˣ˵ĻȻȴһͿ
Ҫ˺á

һϣ̧ͷ΢˺һЩβ΢΢죬ɫʮܷҪĸˡ
Ѿݷôʱ䣬ҲôһʱЦһЦ޵ĳŪԣ硣

Ǽǵ֮ǰսϣܷͶ˸ȥ˺þá

ܷɫˮ˿̲סҪ̱ȥˡ
ɳܵط֣ԼﾹȻһ֣ãҲҪϿ뷨

ֻʱи磬Щ߳ܣҿɱ˼ǧء
һ硭

һʱ֮侹úͷƵܷ𣬡ȻǺϻڵС

ֻܷСеһʶ̧ץס˿ߣ۸ˡ

۵׻һ˿㵹˵۸㣬Ϊһֱң֮ǰǰϻڵؼΪʲô

ֱܷӽͷڿļͷ˵˵ģԼ͵ܶȪɣ

һ룬ͱ°ͱ̧ͷӣ˳ڿС
ܷҲ벻ȻʱʹȻ
˵֮ǰΪʲôҪҿϻڵؼǿĸҲһһҪ⣬ܷ֮ԶҲù

ܷԭǴҲ˵ԼͿĳ飬ſȴ֪ΪξͱջˣȻЩȫ˳Щί
Ϊ֮ǰҺܲʱʹ

ȻǸ߹ԼĳһȻȻɢ
ܷͻȻָԼ֮ǰǾ仰̿ʼҲɻæ֮ȴ˵˸ÿŭĻ
ߣֻʹһʵ˺Ǻܴ󡣡󼸸֣ʧֻһ䣬ˡ

̼ùȻǷһЦ⣬˿ȥȴʮΣգȷʵҪ֪

䣬ݺݵܷĴǹʮ㣬ֻܷһӶԼĿʴԼꡣ
Ȼ˲

֮󣬿ʵܷǰԿж⡣
ܷԼںڣڵĲ˿û׿ʵշ˶ϡ
Ǻ˿
ôⷽʵôĿֱֲϺѩ˫Ӽҡ
ûһαŽ󣬾ȻȪֱ֮˻ȥ

ͬʱϻڶ֪ܷܶȪ˫ޡ
ϻڵĵӻһСľ֣һ˫޵ʱ䣬᲻ħһϻڵʱ

ȻѺԼҶԿʵʾɡ
֪һһգû˿˴Ȫżҵ磬˾ס
úϻڵޱ𾪵ǣ֮ܶȪϷȻơ

ΧܶȪĺϻڵӣ
СʦԪӤҪɽˣ
أҲ̫ĽСʦˣĺ
˭ܴһô˫޶ֱӺΪ£

е˵
ôȷʵħҪһЩء
ȷʵŶϺϴԪӤʱҪһЩ

ԭΧۿϷԹϵĹ磬̺Ϻߡ
ϺѾ֪˵ֱ磬ܲܲҪôױƣҪţ֤Сʦİȫ

翸Ϻܣֻɧȸڣõȥţ

£µʱ䣬ܷһû뿪ܶȪ
ѾطˣԺԶҲ

һ滵Ʋޡ
ǵģڷǳʼԼǰһpoġ
ʱǱˮòˣҲûôţһ˫޺üµġ
ֻǺϻЩˣһ֪ﶼװʲôѪһÿ飬һչؾǺü¡

ãܷǸߣǸͨˣûˡ
ұ֤Բ˵޸ȺϻڵõĸӴ졣

ǰѩ˵˫ж𾢣ھжڡ

ܷڿſ˫֣֫ఴ
˻ʮֲȻ޸ΪβãƫƫҪ˸ఴûһ㽿

ܷѾһ㣬š
ҪأֻнˣĹε˲Ż΢һġ
֪ʱŮΪʲôѡˣѡ߾û취ڽдģֻȥpoˡ

֪Լ

˫Ҳ˫޹ˣʵҲǧεؿ϶ܷæѰѾóʱûгȥǸóȥ֨֨ߴߴˣˡ

ɷǳǲܲӦģϾԼҲǳϲ֨֨ߴߴ

֪ҧһĶ䣬һǺϻڵԪӤ˫ؼ˵Ϊø졣
ܷһܣȴؿס
޷

ܷҪˣĸзԪӤ˫ֱࡣ
Ǿױһ㣬񽻲һÿÿ붼ڴ̼ŶԷ;ûһܹġ

ֻһξѾܷ룬˵ʲôҲҪȥ˵ˡٲҳȥҾȥвŻһʱɡ

ܷͿ߳ܶȪʱܷܵԺϻڵ۵Ŀ⡣
ѩĿǳ.ΣСʦ壬ɫǰ˼أǳ˲Ԫء

ܷǿջЦһʱԣ֪˵ʲô

û뵽֮󣬾ȻӾȵľأǾǺϻڵĵ׷źҪ˫޵ľ顣
Ҳ̫Ϊˡ

ڴʱСֻ

֨֨ߴߴȻǳСӣ֮ǰƴ󣬻ǳ˲١
˳֮ߴߴСסܷĽ󣬡ף
֨֨վ벽λãǰСһ棬һֻŭĳС񣬡͵Ȼôʱ䣬ҲҪˣ

ܷһ§ߴߴһ̯֨֨ģױһ

ߴߴܷʹ
֨֨ҲֻǼһСߵܷվãܷ§֮ǹɴ׾ɢȥειܷ˵ǲҪˣһ˰ɣǰûеʱ׾ֻҺߴߴġ

֪䣬ͱԱߵĿ˵ʲôҪңֻԼߣϾ׿϶ҵġ

֨֨Լ׵⻰ʵ̫ˣĵһӣԺˣʹף

мһЦĿԴ

ˣǲҪСֻһǳ֮󣬾Լڰɣʱܷˡ




81.   81    ʦ𣬴ʦֻˣ

һܷͿȻںϻڱչ˫, Ǻϻڷڵ޽ȴûΪıչضֹͣ

ȻһЩʱʱţֻҪħżȥǸ޽ķ֮, Щŵˣ׷Ϣ, жԶԶ, ּģ, ħ۽硣
뵽ⲿձԼΪʿ, Ȼһ㲻ֲҵ, ҶǱϲˣеСˣΪδǡ

֮ħ, ϻڷڵ޽νǷǳ˳

ֻϻȴܷ˵ǧ򲻿ɵģ֪ʲôʱЩ˾ͻᱳŰ

OҲȻ˫, Ҫ̰ͼ延䣬ӦúöԴһηڽ֨֨˳
˵Щϧ̾˿ߴߴѾڵޣ֨֨ȥҲ벻, նҪʲôʱܹʼҪյħ𣬺ñء

Ȼ֨֨ڵĿյħȻ״ӵﳹ

ʲôԭܷѾ֪֨֨еҪԭ˫̥ʵ̫, ȷʵ֨֨ԱѾħӣȻħԣԱ֮Ĵ̼ĳɳƫƣɾͲ̫ˡ

ܷO˵ҲÿʱȥǱ߿֪ǶǸطӣʲôҲӽһЩ

ʵܷðڵʵҪڷʲôģսǲܵģϾǱչԱ
ҲɷϣЩ϶ôһȺˣʼϻԣΪǸط޽ϻڷǲ£ǾͻеһЩ˵¡

ʵʵϡ
֮ǰм߳ϻڽڣǿҪżħ·
Щ߶ħˣԸ˵˾ԽԽ١
ⲢЩ˾Ͳˡ

Ѿ뿪ڵһȺˣǷԺϻڽڣᳫħ
Ȼڼ֮̽󣬾֪ħˣǴ򲻹ģǱֻķ

ȻȫǷЩңԶҲ޵֮ʲôɹġ
Լߵļ˵ǿİ취ܹħһǸá
ǰΪٲħɱ޹ɱ˳ԣԱѺཻ˭֪һߣ˴Ķȷʵħ档

һ˵ʦ˵ĶԣɣȫԼҳţⲻҪ綼øȺħޣ
һҲͣǾ鷢ǲȥЩ£ȴֻֿܷǲ֪Ҫβ·ħ磬Ҳ

ɫһڵЩʱգˣе鶼Ϊһ˲Żᵽ棬˾ܷ̫⣬˫ޣ˿ĺӣǺϻOԼīŮֻҪڣϻڡ磬ᱻƻ󡣡

˵ħϺʵǺôֻҪϺһͬħ磬ħͲٹִǰ硣
ҪĻǽܷ

ϵĵһҲǣǰɢһֱҪǣʦãʦԭѾħɢܷȻĶħɱɢ𣡡
ߺħΪǿһչ汻ܷĶ֣ЩߵǷˡ

һЩǣԼܷĸ֪ɱܷһŹǡ

ϳƬ̣úúôؽɵϡ

ڴʱͻȻһӵͨʦ𣬴ʦֻˣ

λվڴؿſڡ

һ˲ǰʱѾǻΪ
˵Ʊ֮ǰȴࡣ
̶֮Լʦ˵ڻسǵ·ʦãΪѾħˣҾȻҲûˡ

һһжΪܷ

˫𣬡ôǺܷޣôˣôẦʦã

Цһֻ񵥴ȴ֪ΰһˡ
֪һֱг羴֮飬ܷ֮ǰ˫֮󣬾ȥߣʹüıߣ˫ޣ֮֮زز
һֱԼݣ֮Ĺϵ˱ħģ
ܷںϻϸ裬˻á

һͷȥβǰӦħȫƵܷϣΪӦʧȥҲܷΪ

ЩϢüͷԽԽ漴һλʦ˵Ȼʱʦֺ˫޲δãӾʦֵģߵģ
һ죬˵Ȼߵˣû֮ǰ߻ŵֻС
ܷʦֵãôСģأ

Ҫ˵ȴһ½ǡ
̱죬˼һת֪ղ˵Ǹʦ־к⡣
һ᲻ʲôа֮ʦֵĺȥðߵĺӣԴ˲ܹס

ղ˵̸ͣȷʵ˭֪ʱ߻ɱǸϻڵĵӣǺҵ֮󣬾ȻһֱǸˣһֽţűסԼ

Щ˵ĻŰɣǵЩ˵õʱ򣬻Ϊ֮һ

Ҳû뵽ܷȻˡ
ȷʵ̫˽뷨ĵ˷֣Ҳұ֤ԼľʵġȻģҲһʵģһ㣬»ǱȽġ

ûʦֵǵ壬ǿʦ˵ʦΪҪ뿪ڣ

ʦֽһĶά壬ҲߺǸܷҰģҲ֪ıʲôһҪΪԼй˫֮飬ٱԻǲħ޺޸ϻԼĵط߽Զа֮ա

뽣˵뷨ͬͬʱҲǺͬʦĿ
ʦγȥ֪֮ҪǿԼǣԼΪҪиĥħһͬ磬ʵǶߵĥֿܹħ޵ĹʴôԺķ֮·Ҳࡣ

ϳԼͽܣƬ̺뿪

ûʦɫϾʦǽڳ粻ߣҪȥҵط֤ʦ˵Щ
ʵȥϻڱԼ⣬ܷΪԼĵ¡

֪ϻڵĵӶԵµΪ俴أϾϻڵҪ˫
һֱΪܷܾԼΪΪʱֻԪӤڣ̫ߡ
ʦǵĻŷԼĺȷʵڵ

ʦǵĻҲԾǰŰɡ

ԭ׼ȥϻڣ׼ȴ
ڻ·ϼ壿
ȷʵʦãڵá
˵֪ѾĲϣλøңҺȥѰ

룬ʦһȥɣʦ֮Ҳк⣬ⷬģҲʮϧΪЩʲôҲǶԵǰʦ֮顣
üʵʦǳΪһˡ
ģΪĴħͷҵһȥ

֮󣬳뿪Ӱĸȥ
ѾħӦɱܷϻܲܽ㵽ϡ

ܷ֪Σռ٣ʵûоʱȥЩˡ
ΪĺӺͿÿ춼ս

֨֨ߴߴԴһαµıҾ֮󣬾Ҳ뵱ضͯˣȻȷʵҲǳϧǣǸԼĸĸһ𡣸ĸ֮УǸѡĸס

ÿ콫֨֨ߴߴȥOСֻôԸߡ
һ˱ܷһֻ֨֨СԴЪ˹سſռһˣ׶˵˲˫ˣܲܲҪ
ߴߴҲŵͷ׹Һͽ㣡

ôܴӦСֻ
Ÿճͷãܷ˫֮ԼΪҲص˴ǰ۷ʱڡ
˵ܷ٣ѾΪϻŵĽ֮һ

ҪܷһģܷԼ֮仹ΪȼǽܷץԼĽӿռҲ˵ùȥ
СֻԼܷ˫ޣܷʲôʱܽΪᵽԼĽ׶Σ

ȻҪһֱܷ֤Լʵһ㣬Ͳˡ

δСֻ˵ֱ̫࣬飬ΪﹻףҶСָͷܽȫܡǻǵȵΪҲ֮Ҿװɡ

֨֨ų򣬽ѾӲͣڣſңҾҪڿʼףײһ˵ġ
ߴߴʼʹʹʹ
ʵһ㶼ʹֻ֪ػġ

̽ߴߴߴߴףȥɽˮɣþûˮˡ

ߴߴ˵Ҫûá
ߴߴСڶ۾ȴѾҪˮߴߴҲףߴߴҪȥɽˮ˵أߴߴѾþûкȥˮˡ

ǳСģ֪ΪʲôԺо͸ֳܷСƵСͯŮӡ
Ȼľ
ȷʵСûõģǳܷƵСŮǾȫͬˡ 

̾˿ܷⶼǸѧġ

ܷ˫ۣû뵽ԼԱ߿ϷҲˮ
ȷʵҲȽСֻһ棬Ǻǵһûûҹ˫ޡ
Ҳſǰһſ֣΢΢˻ΣȥˮɣҲȥˮþûкһˮˡ

Цһʲôþûһˮǰ첻ȥһܶȪǲˮ𣿡

ܷﲻͣҧں˵ӻ⣬㾹Ȼҿ
ֻǵ˿һۣûͻȥ˫Ժʲôʱ򶼿ԣǺСʱʱֻôʱ䣬ˣҲֲˡ

ԭѾ˱˲ȻܲסǴӦˡ

֨֨ҲԼʤһһ˵ģ
󱻿ĳȥ˺ɽʮûδħϡ




82.   82    ׫ؼ

һѾǰ, Ӧ»һ⡣
ѾƮܾˣǷڣദ, ȴŵĹ⡣

֮Ǹ޵, Ǿһ
Լ, ΪԼеĳʲô
Ϊ˳Ϊĵ
ǵġ

ʵ֮·ô˳
ʦǸ, һֱҪΪ¯, ʦ𲢲ִ, ӦҲʹ˱סԼ
ʦҲкܶ˲ϲǸֵûʦ, ܶʱ򶼻ᱻ衣
ʱ
ֻԼ֪ĵʵܲϲԼԼࡣ

ΪʲôԿ֮أ
Ϊʵǿ, ⣬ԼºͲϲ˵ˡ
Ҳ
ȴ֪ʲôʱʼͱʡ

Ӧ۽ǵһˮʵܷ߱ˣֻǼܷܹվôߡ

һֱΪ, ܷõȻǣֻúӰסߡ
ϴܷӴôһ֣ܷᣬ˿˿ů⡣رֻСȸʱӦܹܵİ, úӻÿע¡

Ӧ侲˺ܾã
ߵĽߵ⣬ԼʵȥĻȨ
һҪһ

һ˲䣬ӦǴȶģȴһֱš

׼ȥħ磬ȥҪΪǿߣΪһصˣҪٱκ˻

߳ĶͿһֱѰԼ

ҲڴʱӦ壬߹壬Ѿ׼ҪĶһŰɡ

Ӧҡͷ˵Ҳٻȥˡ

üΪΣѵӵԼ𣿡

ûȷʵӦ岻ٺͽκǣֻ˳Լ¿ʼʦ塭ҲٻصˣԺһħޣΪҪңһһħʲô𡣡

ȻȴһЦ磿һЦҲֻǴţűӵѡ
漴ᶨӦ壬Ȼ㲻ţǾͲȥˣҸһطȽ޸ãȻȥħ

Ӧദ΢һǣ˰ңҲûκοԻرĶ
ûرİˡ

Ӧĵ׵ӫȷһЩ
Ȼ˵ǲرʵѾԼĶ顣

׼뿪ʱ˵ʦֻˣҲ㣬ûʲô˵ģ
ӦûС
ʦʵҲ㲻ر׽

ȴкܶ໰ҪӦ塣
뿪֮ǰҵӦ塣ĵǣ壬ܷΪ𣿡
ӦǣΪʲôң

ʱһп͸϶ʦ˵ʲôǸ񽫺ϻڵĵˣϻڵˮʵ̫ˡ

ӦŶ˵ʦ֣ҵ˲ֻܷԼʧ˱ģ߻ħˣܷߵɱǸɢ֮ܽҵĻǴӷоȳڲɢɵĿܣҲѾǷǶˡ

һ֪ԼʦƭԼ١
лһɻ󣬡ʦãܷµӣߵĺӣ

Ӧʦ֣ɲҪһԣߵΪܷпҪƭ𣿡

֮ǰҲɣֻ֪ʵ֮ĵһ˿ϧ
ĺӣƴȫҲҪԼŮġ

е鶼֮˾ʹ˱

»صʦĶʦ˵ҸҲҪչһʱգչس֮ʦ밲
˼ǲ뵽ʦıһ¼У̬ʮ־˵⻰֮󣬾͵˽ԼĶչȥˡ

ʦͲǻ׷ˡ
ƽ磬ǲӿ

***

ȫȻͬǺϻڡ
ԴӺϻڵۿܷܶȪ²ųֱܷӴӽԪӤ֮Ǿȫۡ

ϻڣɺϻڵֻ˫ޡ

ĳһգܷ˫޾顣
ܷ㱻˶˻ؿ·ϡ

ѩ׵壬ܷ˵Сʦ壬ҶһŵĽãиͬͬСʦΪ˿ķΪʲôЩһͬأ

ܷԩˣʲôҸһϰĺϻڵѽ

ħޱϺǣСʦͿǰɣЩǣտǿҪĥˣ˵ʲôһҪΪٶȸ㣬ܱ߲˵ǱЩʲô

ܷûʲô̫ľ飬ҲͲһͷʱ򣬴ǿָѽ˫Ҳǿ˫ޡ
ԴҲӦӦȥʺϻڱӿŶԡ

ֶܷ̯˵û취ǲǷҵʱ˶ߴߣ˫޽Ҫһָܻô֪Ҫ˫޲øѽ

ˡ
ѩܽʵ츳ѣǺϻڵ˼£ԲŴ˫Ϊ

ܷͷԵģԵģȥɡ

Ҳѽ
һƾܷΪϻڵӴȥ͵һЩ顣

ܷŵϣصĶڷĿܷó֨֨ʳ߳ԼҸ߰

۾ʾ⣺л˵Щ߰˵ġ

ܷڿ˹ȥſֱۣ°ʹͷúǽߣ㡭
üǣҪʼʲôˣ
ܷ̾˿̫ˣϻе߶˵߲Ǻϻ˫޵һˣħҲڴ˫޵ļɺ;ء

ˡ
Ȼʡ
ħʲôԼ°ܽ

ܷƨĵû泩Ŀܷ֣˳סָ..Ū
˵ɣʲôĿģĺûҲ˵ˣ󡣡

ܷϲͿĴ˵ùĨ̫ãЧʵ̫ˣ̽ϻڵӵ߿
ģϻڵĽǶ֪ΡԼ¯˫ް£ܹΪҸǣһжߵĹͣǱ߰һᣬǻǵ¯˫ްǣ˵һ˵ĵá

ʶë𣬡Ǻϻڵĵӿûģֻ
֮ôǵ¡
ԼϺڸ̨˷ǲڳ.㳰̨Щ˲
ߣҲԸķʽԼڶУο滹һħұ֤ħʱķȥԹ֮ǷãͷͻٸԼһ
ɲӦ

Լ뷨Ըܷ
ܷ˿أ㿴ЩСã¶ʱ֡
Ϊ˺ϻڽõΪ룬ܷǲԸڿͷŴ˼Ӧν⣬ûһ뵽һ취

һڿֱϣ֪ôˣ
̧ͷ˫۷ſԼ׫д˫ؼѽ

ܷԽԽʮֿףܹǧţԺĺϻڵӶ档
ǺϻֻŮӵ˫޹һе߿Щ֮󣬶ܹһѧ࣬Դоһһ׸õ˫ؼ
ܲܰЩȫдؼȻŽǺϻڲҪ˾ͿԼȥȲᵱڴ˰̣ҲܹôҶѧѧ˫޹һֱߵʱ䣬һء

һƨһ߳⣬ҲǰѿԵġ
Щɱĵˣ֪ڿǰлȨšǾҪ࿼ǿǣǷҪܷˡ

¶ڿ˵ȷʵ㲻ʲô£˫޹Ҳֻ˲Ϣ֮Ϳá
Ȼǰ϶鷳ӦģֻܷѾȫԼҾϻҲ֪ԼĹҲƽϻһЩʱ׫д˫޹

ܷĻ֮Ҳ⡣
ȻԸд⹦ҲͲվǰ˵ԼͿ֮ǵˣͦ߳ܵġ
ϲǣȻǿȸúܣֻҪϲЩһֱƨӦˡ

֮󣬺ϻڲͻȻ֮
ϻڵŮǷ׷׽ȥ󣬰ݶ
֮˷׷׾̾ʮĽ
Ȼ߶СʦĵģЩ¯һҲȲߡ
ѽǾֻҪβܴϵõ࣬δôΪߵĸ졣

ʵħϺʦҲǲأϺʦ˫ޣֻϺʦΪǰԼһʮְ¯
Ϊ࣬ûϸģȥŵ֮һǲߴء

ЩϻڵĵӱƺƭԼ¯˫ް£ȥ׫дؼ

Ҳͼ֮ܷյ˺ϻڵǵķ
Сʦ棬̫ˣдЩؼ֮Ϊٶȷʵǰ죬ҵ¯ΪҲ֮ǰء
ǵѽ¯ڻƴˣ˵ԼȶԷø͸ղ˫ޣȥؼ˫ޱǰɶˡ

ܷҲ벻ÿдؼȻܹٽϻ¯ھ

Щ¯ǰһЩҲ
Ʃ¯ϲԼߵĶֻһɫ㣬¶Ǿ׳壬ԴȡԼߡ

ܷѩӹǺɫĳ㣬ſ͵İ˿鸹лѩתȥ




83.   83    λת

ܷųȥ, شڿİϡ
֨֨ߴߴص㿴Ϸŵĳ㣬𳤿һ, ϸһ֪ʲôˡ

ɫҪϺϻȳ, ô᲻֪
ֻû뵽Լûж, ܷѾⶫ˻
ϻȷʵȫȻͬ, ǿûаɬ֮İ, ܷҲѧˡ

ԴĬ, ·Լûп㡣
ܷҲʣ֪Ǹɧ, ϶ˣĥʲôˮأԲᵱ·

һͬСֻˣƬ, ȻǻԼϢܷ׼ϵʢ硣

Ȼصһţܷ̱ź
Ȼ°ͱ̧𣬿ſЦĮа񣬶Լϵ, Ҵ㿴

ܷҪӿõʲôǿ϶ܹɫǿʶѽ̧§סøЩߣʹҿ
ϻ߶мпҲ
òⳤ, ˶ÿࡣ

̲סܷ۵ǰ˭ҾҪ㣿Ǳ˳ɫ
ܷ̲סЩǴ˿˿ӣԽȻģǻΪɫҵۡ

ֻ⻰֮󣬻ѪҺ壬ӶǣӦ
һ𣿴Σ
ȻϲԼӣֺη

ǻ˳Ŀڰϣһȣ˺Ƿ.˲
Ƥ𪣬Ǳֱ΢΢ĺԸС
ƫĮγ˼󷴲

ܷ̱ɫУϿһ˲䣬֮ת

ϻȫȻͬɣʱˮȵС

ħ󿪣ħ޳磬ٵħޱ˰꣬ų֮󣬱緢ҰĴҧǵò߸ҳš
Ҫһֱţ̫Ϊ

Щ˱Ϊɡ
һ뽣ѳĳͬҪħ·Ա֤ǵİΣ
һ˱Ӧ̸Ͼʱվ˼شѾܲκδս
ȻҪ̸ǿ϶ҪȥϻڣϾߺħںϻء

̸ѡһҪ˵зʵǿģ׺ͷͱѡ˳
ϾڡҲϻһ׹ϵ

֮ǰԭжһλ˭֪ȫŶһվ˺ϻǲٶš
·ϣԷӰ𣬲֪ɵ뿪֮Ƿϵ
Ӱ˵żҲǻϵһƽ

׾úţҺŵʦֵǶѾʶ˵µĴ󣬿ҵСʦīҲٻصţҲԸиϵ֪ӰǷʲôð취

Ӱδüش˾Ѿ˺ϻſڣҲĵװ˿ϾҲûʲôð취ء
ֻȽϺãԱīˡ

Ѿ˵طҲ⣬ֻպӰ֡
˵ĵûбϻŵĵֻǸսţϻ˵ʲôҹ˫޵£Ѿǧߣһʱ֮侹ȻҲЩڡ

߿֮󣬴ŵǰʵԭӰˣ֪λǷԸСŮӽΪ˫ް£߿ΪǺϻ׫дµ˫ؼأ֤λֲղܡ

Ӱ׷׺һ

һ·ϿɲֹһŮʣЩӣϻڵ·񲢲Ǻܺߡ

ӰҲǳ𣬡ǰϻڣֵܹסЩߵջ󣬵治𡣡
ʮֲ֮ǰʱǲˣҲǵһμơ

˺òһ·նߵϻãϻ˿

ϻ¯Ҳ˿׫дЩ˫޹ʮ𾢵ʱ򣬼ǰЩͷλҺϻк£׼ַϻ𣿡

׵ɱᣬֻҪһʣϻܷħ˵һЩûϣħܹһЩħޡ

ϻüͷ΢ԼȥͺˣҺϻʲôǺϻڵĵɶûգæء
ħҲæʱЩ¡

̧һ䷨ţͷ߰æûкϻǼħˡǺϻԸæ綨óԵĳ⣬лϻڡ

ϻЦһ˭ϡǵ㶫ôʲôϵǺϻʲôϵ粻ͺϻڻޣһʱѽǺϻҲٹ£Ѿħ̡

˵仰վҪߡ
׺ͷҪɺϻȴ˵ǺϻԶǵںͷڸǵİҲħ˵ãħ޲ںͷڡƽָźϻڴǣμϻڡǺϻڵжţ˴ǣǻȥȰħޣ

ϻһ⻰Ҳ¸ȫˣǺϻڵ˾ˣ˭ϻ˵鶼ûãϻڲæ

û뵽ϻڻ飬ϸһ룬ĺϻںġ

ȥīԷ
ī˵ʦ֣ҪάģҲӦϻЩӡǴδʲô캦£ʱȴһֱԣѵʦǲǰӲǶԵʦ֣Щ˸Ͳֵ㸶ȥǡ

ҲӰ˵˵һʤ߼еˡǽʦֱȥѩΪʦ֮꣬ΪǷڣԭһԡʦʣúϻڵԭЩ˺ǵˣԵ±Թʦ֣Ե𣿡

Ӱ̾˿ȷʵѾҪħ޸ռΪ֮ǰħսԪֿħޡ

ûпڡ
ջѩЩȴ䳰ȷЩԪΪǸɢɵĻҪɱҵСʦã뽫ϻһ򾡣ǰˣԪӦܵġ
УôôƤǰæǺϻڰæ֮Ƿµ˭ȥأϺȥϺʲôҪΪôࣿ֨֨ȥ֨֨ʲôճͱ׷ɱ˵Ҫˡ

ѩﾡǱģЩ֮ˣǾֻǶƤӣǰæˣȫ綼øлʲôʲôû
ѩ˵һɱĵĻλߣСŮӻһ䣬ǵΪȴԾƫܣһƫ̻ƫװסڡǵܹ˳޵ľĵ𣿡

һʣֱӽ׺Ӱˡ

Դ˲˵ʲôԼš
ȥ֮˷׷׵춯òչص

ѩͺϻЩҲ硣

Щ֮󣬸ڡ
ǵͲӦű˵Ƭ֮ԣȥΧ˺ϻڡ
룬ϻȷʵΧ˵ڣδκζԲ¡
ȥϻڵǸ֪ϻڵǷԸԭǣʵѾдˣЩǲԭǵġ

ЩδΧ˺ϻ¼ԼƽҲͬΧ˺ϻڵߣʱ
Щħ޴δ۸ǣüΣգЩħͣ£ǰǻΪħˣӦǺϻħħ޴ĳЩԼ

һʱ֮䣬»ָԼճ
ôһЩߣȻħ޽ѡ
Ƿֲеħ޶ѪɱˡЩħֻɱħħɱߣЩʵҲ޴졣

ֱڴˣףȻϻڴǰãǵзʽڸʵŴûκ£˫ҲԸ沢ǰǸ.аš

򣬶ĳЩ˵̫١
Ҳ޲ΪǸ޷õϻԼϻڵӵԭ£Ҳڳš
֮·Ƕڴ˴ˡ

ȱȺˣͲ
Ȼÿ绹µߣЩڽľ󣬽ǵۡ
ڲ֮ɻᷱٲʢ

ϻӡĸı䣬ֱ۵ĽǣҺϻڵ˫޵ԽԽˡ
ϻµһծҲԽԽࡣ

ϻڵķǳ޹ʱǳؿЩʱʱںϻߣ̾Ϣ˫޾˫ޣΪҪأЩɵһΪʲô˶飬ҾͲΪ˷רעԼ𣿡

ܷЩŮ޲̧дһŮʵ¼
ȴЩŮɰģΪǺѵ֪ԼҪʲôҴδıԼĿꡣ

ֱϻڷڳ޽ãԭһ·Ե磬Ȼвٵɺ߶ԺϻڷڵĽʾףأ

ܷͿҪȥġ
ħϺҲҪǱ߰
˳֨֨Բ졣

OīҲ׼ᵽڣԴ˷ǳ⣬˽ܷ˵ˣǺOǿСֻ˫޵ʱҲɺú÷䡣

̧ܷڿϣܲܲҪӶ˫ѽǰȥ֮֨֨Ҫʼȥħˣһ㶼𣿡

ǳţĺӣȻħӣôᱻħŵ

ܷĵûо顣
ȻҲûд޵ľ飬ǶЩĸһͺ׶԰֪һ֨֨ȥħжѺˡ

ܷʱȥͣǲ¶ġ
Ȼ϶޵ȫħ綼֪

η壬ŰɣҵҪʲôģ
ֹܷɲǹ˺
Ҫȵ֨֨ȫӦħܹʱȥ֨֨ΪǻͲʹˣֻп֣




84.   84    ֨֨

ϻڷںܿͽ, ֮أ޽ප
ǰܷ˾ס벿λħ, һЩ󷨳

Ķû̫ı仯ͷ·ǽϻڵǸֱӰ˹, ֻͥԺǿž޴һƷ, һ޴ͩ

ֻܷ, Լķûκβ, Ĵͷ
ǰԼķȡˣ
ⲻԺ󳳼, ԼܺͿ־ˣ
ɲ̫С

ȻҪĻ֨֨Զڷ, ܷû̫Ҫ

ס֮죬֨֨ʽʼ

ܷ֮ǰ˵Ų֨֨ȥһ, ǺͿһ֨֨ȥħ׶԰
·ϣ֨֨ߴߴڿﱧýģߴߴܷף㲻ҪֿҺͽ, ҪͽһҲȥħԺ󵱴ħͷҾ͵Сħͷ

֨֨û˵ȴúڶС۾ڴܷҲһ

ܷģߴߴͷǲѽ, ߴߴħŶҪ ħġ

֨֨⻰ӲҲŲҪߴߴһˣرҡ

ܷɼǵ˼ߴߴΪ֨֨߶ˡ
ӰҲëҲ֨֨ͷ˵ãȻֻֿҪˣȥҶԷѽ

֨֨ߴߴһЩǻûôֿء

ħ֮ī͹ﲼ˺Щ󷨣ÿһ󷨶вͬãǵĹͬǣÿһ󷨶ħɫħһŰ

ܷͿ󷨣ĵ̸־壬޷ƵѹȸкͲʸУС
Ȼ֨֨ȴϲףѽ
ܷ֨֨ҪŶ⹫ħ˺òײŲõ󷨡
֨֨ͷֿ˿ߴߴҲҪŬŶҪҵ̫ˡ
ߴߴõģ㡣

ȻǾͿ֨֨ħһ󷨵С
ѾڣܷҲܷһЩ

ң֨֨ߴߴĿģҪԼΪȻΡ
ΪֻСƽкܶ಻Ǻܷĵط

֮֨֨ߴߴҲߵ
ֻʣܷOīϺ

ĸ붨˳֨֨ѧ
ܷܾģûһۿе֨֨
֨֨У۾˿ʲôܷȴ֨֨СԴüء
һס
Oۣô
ܷ˵㿴֨֨ôüģǲǺܲѽ

OҲССһֻС񣬸ܷһۣħݷķʵʳߵΪҪħʳΪϺܶ࣬Ҳʹܶࡣ
֨֨ҲǵһȥħӦҲϰߡ

ܷ̾˿;ú
ִĺӶһܺԵģȻԼĺӾͻΪäҲ̡ܶ
Ϊ˺ӵδֻŬˡ

֨֨ʵҲۣǾʹܷ
̲֨֨ס֨֨
ʵҪͣ𣿡

֨֨ŲҪأ嶼˵ˣϲˣΪֻҪͲܺϺ˫ޡ
ÿο̫࣬óʼΪԼڹԼ֪ˡ

֨֨Ҳܷأ֨֨Ҫɵˣܱ׺ߴߴ
ЩһֱҪ۸ǣԺ󶼻ᱻ۸

֨֨ļ֣ܷ⣬ߴߴĿ֮Ҳʮ⣺Ǳĸԡ
䣬˿ߴߴ
ߴߴ̱ſ֣ߴߴۣ

ܷɵˣû𣿡

ͷ
ǵģߴߴҲǸСء
ߴߴÿαû취ߴߴܷ̫ˡ

ܷüߴߴߴߴɲ㿴ڶܱ仯ء
ߴߴ˿ܷҪܷ˵㿴㣬Ѿˣǻڼ֣ԺҲҪͽһѽ
䣬ԺһܣŲϺȡ

ܷ˵̫ˣôܶԼ˵Щء
ߴߴСڶ۾ͻȻһܷĬˣˣҪúһĿɡ

ֻ֮֨֨ǰһˡ
Ȼ̺࣬ΪҲˡ

ͷԼĸĸǲǺʱ򣬺ҲûзŶ
ܷ֨֨ͷ۵ţġ

Ҳѵÿˣţúöˣһʱ

֨֨ߴߴ𾪵ôôһ͹ˣ
ߴߴ֧֧ᣬ롭㣬ţˡ
ǣˣͲԸ

֨֨ɱԼĵϸ񣬡ߴߴ㲻ԺΪô죡
ߴߴңŬߴŵˡ

ߴߴţӦòܿ쳬ԼΪģڿأ㻹ڣԼöء

֨֨ŬħӣʺħˣΪٶʮֿ졣
£͵ڣʱߴߴԾڡ

ĳܷ˵֨֨Ҫˡ

嶼Ըˣ֨֨
ҲߴߴߴߴֻɼˣҪˣ
̾أ
ܷҲѽߴߴѽҪŬŶ
ߴߴͦСظߴߴŬģߴߴû͵ġ

ܷ㲻ΪԼζԱͲôǣ֨֨ϡ

֨֨ԼҲ֪ԼҪˣһֱҪΪǸӣϲ׵ġ
ŬҪըˡ
Ȼ;Լˡ
ۣԼϵëȥҲ𽥳˵ֱۡ
Լ⻬۵Ƥźڵֱۣú棬С֣ſʱֱϻĸСѣɰúܡ

ֿ֨֨ԼСͷһСѾĵѽһ
һ˾ͱ籧߳󷨡

ܷǰֺĿɰޣ˶Ʒˣ֨֨
֨֨쿪̵֣ģף

ܷ̰ӹ§ϸԼСޡ
֨֨ǸС޵ӣҲһģԲģ˫°ֱͣҲСźڣֱϵСѸܷⶼιء
ܷ֨֨ĹԱѽôôɰѽ

ֺ֨֨С°ͣôɰأ
ǰСģʵܷϲ
ܷ֨֨
֨֨ȴʵһԼĵ⣬ף㻹

ֿܷ˿һЩԺһ᳤һŮģ
֨֨΢΢һ㶣һһ˳Ҫף

һ⻰ʱơ
ʲôã֨֨СͺԼԸԺôѵ

ýѵ֨֨ҲֻǸԼѡ

˵Īߴߴˡ
ߴߴԼһСޣ˵ڿﲻͣ㣬ſңҪȥҽ㣡
ߴߴ֨֨ϡ
֨֨ԼСֱסߴߴ
ߴߴСڶ۾֨֨㣬úÿѽ

֨֨ȻҲҪŶҪҵã׵֡
ߴߴæͷ

֨֨ȻһһຢӵģѾܳ죬׼ķ£֨֨ͱµأѾ·ˡ
˫ߴߴһһǼҶȥ
ԱСüͷʮ࣬֨֨ãСһ㣬Ҫˡ
֨֨ҲŲأ
ߵÿˣ

֨֨ĽǺܿģҲһֱԼãϣߴߴҲܱˡ
֪ߴߴѾһˣߴߴûб仯ߴߴҲˡ
ƽȥﶼԸ·ҪԼͷ֨֨Դһ㣬ֻǸԲˡ

֨֨ӦԼ̫ߴߴ̽ѵߴߴ

ܷڷԺСŮֺ壬һϸСľѵǰĳС
ܷԵĿţЦ⡣
ŮȻȫɰġ




85.   85    ɱܷ

¹ȥ, ѾƽħҲʼ
ЩΪǰЩرܷ˵ߣѾˡ

ʵЩȴһֱ׼, ֪һιĻᡣǵ̫٣ǲᶨ, һʧ֮, Ҳûܸı״, ԼҲȥ, һһҪ׼, ֮ǰһȺں֮ڼһ, Ϳʼַħ缰ϻڡ

˼µ׼ڳϲǱȽЩߵ״̬Щ߲֮ǰġ

ҵһǿĴ, Ǿǰһϡ
ڴӵһΧ˺ϻű֮ŵӰɢûУʵڿЩϣȷʵǵı¡

һ, Եı¿ɲȰ
ɢţûΪϣλһǧɣܲرĴִǸ뿪˽ڳϡ

һ̸֮ϧ
ΪǶǺϻڵܺߡ

쳤ڽڳϵ֮, һҡ
˺ЩԪһ
üͷʾһжĹؼħ磬һϡ
ڳʵ˭ϣ

ڳ˵ܷ
ſ˼ʾĹؼܷϣֻнŻӭж⣬ܷһֱڣǾ㽫ħ綼Ծɲܹ׽⡣
ֻҪܷľƾͻɢҪʲôǰס

ڳϳȻһжйأȻˣҲҪٷŹӦΪһиۡ

ڳҲͬ
ھΪܷµħӣŻᱻš
ǰʲôѵϻڳħǼٵ𣿿ɶ˵ǰڵĴ˺ϻħһȺȥΧ˺ϻ磬Ͳô£д

ñʧȥһΪΪϵš
ôʵ

쳤룬Ҫβܹɱܷ߿в˱Ҳ֪ϴɢȻһɢ³
Ľɱˣ߼ϻڵˣҲὫǵС

ڳԱȻǵȥɱ֮ǰӦȥϾӦѾħ˭֪ȻӦˣҲʧȥټ
ڵһѡֻǲ֪ҪβܳɹҵĻ

쳤ʵǸ˭˵ﵹа취ƴӡ

ڳ˵Ǹ˾ҵĴӣ¡
Ҳ֪ܷ֮ǰ˫޹ܷ֮ǣġ֮ǰҲ˽ڱչأ˭֪Ѿǽڵĳϣ˽ڣڸЩˣѾҵĵӣôɱܷҲ㲻ͷϡ

쳤˵һǳʵѡ
ڳ˵ֻ̫Լ⣬޷˵ΪҰ¡
쳤ЦһΣû취ȴܻľ

߽ڳϣһŹΣͨεķʽıĳЩ뷨֪
ֻҪǸܷĺӣܷĺһŰӣҪɱܷҴӾС

ڳ˫һû뵽·תһ÷

˿ʼı

һǲεģΣһԵɵġ
һֱԼĶʵҲΪ˶ʦ
ȻźԸΪʦеĵ

֪һΣӣӿźŸԼܷĺӣܷȻ񶾵شͶ߻
һŰӣ޵úܲңȥǡ
ԼĶˣг˶ܷĺ⡣

˵ԼԼ˫ޣȥˣԼһܶ𵽵ףΪ£
˭֪תȥߣԼĺӡ
ɶǣȻһŰԼĺӡ

۵һ˲䣬۵伤ҡ
ѾǵԼһΣǸѾȫļ䡣

Ҳ֪ǧ֮⣬ԼʦԵһڳϣʱ³һںѪԪˡ

쳤ŽڳϣΣΪ̫ߣôصˡ
ڳкǲᣬȴóԼеĸ鵤Щ鵤úһ

쳤ҲûиӹЩ鵤֮󣬱ţ붨

Ȼ֮±˽ڳߡ
Լʦ۵һƬڳʦ֮ǰǷҪȥɱϻħ̣
ڳôܰ¶ԼȷʵģãұûԼиҪ

¿ʦվԼǰϻڣʦ

ڳϿ뿪ĵ׼һƬӿȣڣлˡ
ʱɱܷߵ˿϶ŭޱȣɱ£ԼԴΪͽܱţЩһȥϻڡ
Ϊ˽죬Ѿ׼ãһο϶ʧܡ
ܹ϶һж͸ˡ

һαӰ켫ΪԭʮźܷûкԼһҲԼġ
ڱ֮бγһʮǿҵִҪɱǸˮŮˣԼĺӡ

ϻڷڣīⲼ󷨣ǱΧûκζ
óȻشϻڣȻ˲࣬Ǹ֣óȻȥ϶ﲻԼĿġ

һֱںϻΧǱ

ܷ˵Ǿ޴˶ûʶΣѾǺܽ

ܷȽϷߴߴ
֨֨ѾܹΣΪ٣ߴߴԭ̤ȻһֻСӡ

OȰܷ㲻Ҫ̫żˣߴߴʵѾܴϻۣ㿴㵱Ҳ˶ʮŵڣߴߴɲһء

ߴߴԱߵĿȸԴߴߴѾܴˡ

ܷ֨֨һԱߺɸ֡
˭֪ߴߴżųȥ棬ףȥ棡

ϻڷѾˣȥˣҲ˵㲻̫ģʱ䵽ˣΪȻǣҲ˳ΪΡ

ܷ΢˫ۿſǲǸˣͳԺ˿ô죿
Դ˵ǷǳţҵĺôһˣСȥ棬ȥɡ

ܷһʵǵвô죬аɣȥȥ棬һȥ
ߴߴ˵ȥ
ϲͽһˡ
ҲվҲһȥ档

ܷ˲ŷġ
ҺϻΧЩӿǱ֮ǰȫ࣬Ҳٻֹͯ鷢Ҳӳȥ档

Сһ˺ϻ֮⡣Ժϻڲͬľ£ſ׷Ҹˣ

Զ¿ӣ֨֨ϡ
ǸСŮһģȻʱ㣬Ļ˵Сƫ󣬿ӣӿЩʱգֻúӳ֮󾡿쳤󣬼ֱ顣
һ۱ϳǸСŮԼĺӡ

ԽִԽ̣һҪӴߣһӶ֡
ڴ֮ǰҪɱĸףΪ֮ǰܵʹ࣬ĸ״ġ

ڲżõʱ
ֻܹ˳ߺӣɱܷҪڼȴ

һļΪΣ˽ڳϺͰ쳤֮⣬˶ԴһŲ֪
ĵȴܹȥڳȴȲˡ
쳤Ϻò׻ָ㱻ڳϣٴµΣжѾںϻ⣬һûκζ




86.   86    ħ

쳤ϼԼ, վֻǣδЩҪ۵ġ
Խڳ˵㲻̫żʱһ, ýܻ

ڳôܻȵȥһѾ̫, Ȼôһʱ˵, ̫
ٵȥ, õʱ, Ǽ, ֪ʲôʱܽ°ɡ

Ȼָ쳤ϻһһ, ǽħ޺޵ӦοǣʱĸŲȥǵڳϣԺɽ磬ЩҲǽյΪʾ

ȷʵŰ쳤ϵ¡
쳤ϻǴӦ˽ڳ, һµΣֻһû֮ǰô鷳ֻҪ£һֱȥԺ󽫻᲻иõĻᡣ

һԾɱɹ, һҪԼĺӡɱִܷԽ̡
žϻڣɱܷ˺Ӿܡ
ȴԼʵźܳ

˭֪ôɣһղǳ֨֨ߴߴˣܷ

̲ס
һ죬ȵľһ졣
Լı, ܷ֪ʱһ͵شܷ󱳡

ܷܵΣգתдԼĳҪ赲µĹ
µĶȷʵ̫죬
ܷѾ˵׼˭֪֨֨Ȼ˹

һ֨֨ܷǰƫ˽棡
⽣ǲܷļͷļһѪӡ

ܷ̱֨֨ߴߴ͵úʹȫ󺰵

ܷ֣֪ɱܷʹֻ֨֨һ¡͹ܷΪʵ
ܷСŮ͵سȥҪᡣ
ܷԼĳ£

֪¸ƫ㣬ӭһһһֻһץס֨֨ٽܷ͵һơ

ܷħ磬ܸܵħǿѹ
˿ѾܲЩԼܹ½֨֨ߣ
ȥһ˲䣬ܷҲץס¡
ȻҪħ磬Ǿһȥ

û뵽ܷûҪħ磬Լһȥ

һԼȫ˵Ҳܷɼ˺ΪʲôץԼţ

˶ħɣħ˲佫ǾһеС
˱з
˼ֿǰһ̣ܷץסᣬս֣֨֨֨֨ſҧһڡ

ɲͨСһҧһڣһѾΪħޣҧһڡ
³ʹʶɿ֣˲䱻ħзֿ˫ĿѣȴҲֻܷԼĺʧħеС

֮ıǲͣĹԼ˿ڱħ˺ѵʹࡣ
ɼʹˣܷȴԾûɿԼ֡
ҧΧħŰԼӷֿ

оԼˤڵϣһѪӿϺͷǱǧʹ
ǵһʱͷŻĺǡ
ֻ˹ȥ޴󰭣˿

ܷ֪ħ磬ҷɾ衣
Ҫһ㰲ȫĵطˣұӵİȫ
ֻҪܹħ˶ƽƽһջǴħ硣

ܷվľʹԼĴɰҩ֮㲻ղʹɳⵤҩʵҪ붨޸Լ壬طȫֻܱǰߡ

ĴɰʵһЩ߰ĶʹͿһ֮ҲûжһЩķ
ֻҪҵһ㰲ȫĵطȻ󽫷Χܹ±֤˵İȫ

ֻÿһߵʮּѣȻҩɲδһƲҪ
ÿÿ˫㹻ģʱΪͽŵסĹܾͻ
ֻǲ֪ΪʲôͻȻͷˡ

ܷĺԽԽأεСֻ

֨֨һ˲䣬͸оԼĸˣܹоĸױ˫ڲͣĲ
Ļţץܷ·ףԼߡ

ܷʱɫҰףͷ֨֨ȴ΢΢һĨЦ⣬ûħûв
ܷܵĻһԭ򣬾ħ硣
ħ֨֨˵ȴûӰ죬ҡͷûУһ㶼ܣҿԼߣһܱߴߴߡ

ߴߴʱҲյģ̧̧˵ԼҲߣȴ̧Ҳûˡ
ߴߴںܺڣӦ׺ͽĻƽʱھͲΪ׵ˡ

ܷ֨֨ȷʵûа㲻ʣŰߴߴͷ֨֨ĺð֣û㣬һôܼȥأ

֨֨ˮԼĸ׵ʮۣ֨֨ã֨֨ӦøŬ֨֨ɴħͷܰ״ȥˡ
ܷŲһ֨֨ǧҪ룬˵ѾǳϲбŮҲҪ裬һһȫĵطȻúõĶȵǺòã

֨֨ͷȻһֱߴߴһǣܷ֣˼ǰߡ

֨֨Ȼħӣǳħ֮⣬һ˶ԸħӵĴڡ
ϾܹΪħ޵ߣԭ඼ģ֮ͬǰħ뿪ħ֮µĻ̾Ҫȡλá
֨֨ǿǱħ޷֣Ϊ׷ɱĶ

ԣڰգҺɫħƵħ磬ҵһɽ
طһЩߴڵĺۼӦ֮ǰ߻ħ֮طʱȫԼ

ܷ֨֨ߴߴɽȻɽſڿʼԼеķȫóһһںãһѷм䡣
ЩЩǹЩǷܹһ̶ȵıסǵ

ܷ֨֨֨֨ˣҪ붨һᣬ迴ΧΣգ̸ҡ
֨֨ͷҲǿԱģڽʱСħ
ܷһҪ裬ǧԼһϡĵľã費ϣκΣա

֨֨ų׷ԼԵС

ֳܷŵҩ붨ʼҩ޸Լ塣
ĵѾһţԪӤҲһϢϵĶֻ࣬Ҫܹ㹻ʱŵҩָ˳ʵֻҪħޣܹԼӡ

ħ֪ʱȥ˶á
ħȴҪˡ

̶ܷ 
ߵĶԭͺܿ죬Ѿϳûоܷؿܷһʧħ硣
ʧĵطȻħУ
Ҳ˵ܷ˭Ҳ֪

ŭͿֻţ̳ϺĶֱһƻ磬ħϺܷ˴ħ磬Ҫôҵ

ħ𱻿ϣŭ𲻱ȿͣɵ˵Ļ֮Լŭ㲻̫ģħڱԵӦòҡ
ȴ˵ħˡ
һ¾ħҲӣټԼ£ȥѰҡ
ħô󣬻кܶΣյĵطʱҵҲûס

OīҲ֪˴£ͬʱ˹ħѹħѰҡ

ǻδжϻڷȴߵO㻹ͽܣ

OɫһΪЩѾ֪֮˭֪ǾȻδԸǺϻڡ
īһסO֣ȲҪǣȥҪ

ֱӷһ
ȻҲҪȥħѰܷЩҲŹ

ͬʱ޶ӵߵĴ٣ڿ֮󣬷
һڿ޼ɵĹˣ




87.   87    ԭ

һ, ڳϵʮ׼ǲøְ취ԼΪһ׼ķ, ͸ֶ߲ҩΪܹһγӮЩħ޼ϻڵˡ

ǿб

ȻôҲû뵽, ԭħ׼ķΧ˺ϻ֮, Ȼһħ޶ûп, ޽Ӷ˲١

Ҳûпħ, Oī
ͷ֪Ϣ֮, ̸˹

˵ǲС, ǵļƻ̫Զ

ڳϿħԼҴҸûü˵ִһȺ˴Ҵ뿪, ħС

ħ߶µһ֮أħͲʵ̫ˣħ缸û
Ҳһȼ͵ޣħ͵
ȻΪܸ, һΪ൱ħޣҲʧȥԼƣǳ

ڳϿһĻʮֲ졣
漴²⣬ǲЩûгֵˣѾħ硣
һֱµǸ˸½ܷħ磬ܷħħ, ͬʱܷҲ½ħ磬˵Ѿ
Щ˽ħΪΣѵΪܹȻܷ

Щ˽ȥҲãʣµɱ͡
ֻҪʣµЩƷ֮󣬾ֹܹ߷ħ磬ôħЩȫ

ڴ֮ǰҪϻڼǵӰ˵λߣڴΪҵӱҲΪħ磬ϣλҪֹΣվء

ɫ䣬Ƹû˵ʲôҪʲôҹܲţҪʲôҲܲţǸҶϻڵӣֻ߶ħ֣ԼеӣΪС

ڳû뵽׾Ȼôɣ
ǰڿɴЩӵɫǱƵģߣ̾Ҫǰ

δü˵ڣڵӰҲ˵λ㾿Ϊζһ֮ԣҪȵܷħ֮ţ˲źж˭ĴȷҪǿķڵӣһֹ㡣

ڳ쳤Цû뵽ƵɣҲᱻϻջ˵ز
ǿ֣Ȼվħ̡ħǱߣȻˣǾֻܽһȥ

⻰һ䣬ڳĵַ̼
ȻһЩʵħ޵ģǶߺ޻һɱϾ֮ǰǰħߵҲڷΧ֮ࡣ
һʱ֮䣬δֺֻ÷ѾռϷ硣

ϻڡڡԼǣڷǿƹ֮£˲ˡ
ڳϼԼı߾ٳһҳ壡ձضҪϻ̤Ϊƽأħ磬޸ϻ磬ƽ

˸ǰսһʱ֮ս־Ȼһߵ
ڳϹƲһʱܽȫ
Ǵ˴ǰ˶׼

Ҳû뵽羹ȻһȺˡ
Ȼ֪ʲôĪܷܷǸµˡ
ƴҲҪźϻڣħ硣
˭Ҳ֪ڳϻʲôħ磬һЩʮķʽ֮Ҫ⿪磬Ҫʹߵ
ϣһĵ

𽥵ܹоʤ㲻
Щħ趨ģʽʮն񶾣ֻҪһʱ죬Ϳܶ

ڽڳ׼Լʤ֮ʱָһȺߡ
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ͻȻһֲԤС
Ȼһ룬ǰһǽǰΪ˿ʤҲΪ˷ħ߽磬Ϊս
һҲվǰָŽڳ˵Ǿħ޺޵磬ǴȥȦؽһ磬Ǳǡ
ҪϻԼħĽ磬ҲӦģ

⼸ϻڵսԼʱѾ֪ǰɿ
֮һΣҲҪסϻڡ

Щߵļ룬սһηת
ԽԽ޴ӿЩ޾ͺǲһһǳ

ѪƬأ˻սһһֱҹֱڳ׼жȫģŽȺ˳Ʒ
Ҳʧأʤˡ

߶ֻ֪нȺ˲Żӭ

ڶ˵Ҫ£ǽħЩˣмܹųġ

ĽڳѾħˣǱˣ˶ܻܷܻһԪӤ˵ˣôħ
ֻҪܷˣһжᷢ츲صı仯
ЩҲв
ӦлҲǣҰǳȥħľУ

Ȼ˵ЩʵѾ˶ۡ
ܷ˽ħ磬һħߣļĺС
˵ܷҲһͬ׹ħ磬ӹҲ׶༪١

ħѰܷˣҲһһյʱɥʧġ
ӦҲħ硣
Ծûҵܷҵ˽ڵĴʦ֡

ڴʦ屻ħ˺飬ʧȥȺһֻ֣˿ȫɼǣ˺ܶѪ⣬ҪĻѾҪȫȾ
Ӧ壬ǿԼϣʦãǻˣǿԣȥҵĺӴҲϣ衣

Ӧֻһ仰ܹµΪλľٶ
ҡҡͷʦ֣ҲܴӦ㣬ΪǸӸͲĺӣҲ֪ΪλΪܷĺӻСȸ𣿡

ڴʦֲͣСȸˣҷˡ
Ӧ˵ֻǻΪ˶ѡ

ڴʦԾɲţסӦ֣㲻Ҫ˵ֱ̫࣬ӽħ磬ʲô£Ҫǣ

ӣҲҪһס

̽ڴʦִߡ
뿪ʱĵ̾˿
ڴʦֶѾˣܷѾ

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ǰڣҲûħħ

ֱ˺˴룬ֻȻѣףҸоңкܶħħ޹ˣ

֪ЩħͻȻ˴ΪħѰ䡣

ܷ˲˫ۣߴߴ֨֨ԼȻվ뱸ս״̬

Ȼûñֱӳһֻħڱſڵķֵסˡ
ǳħԽԽ࣬ƻķԽԽࡣ
˺üħ޽

Щħһܷ˫һԭ
Ͽħɣ˵ǻܵõʹأ
㿴ˮ飬ˣ⽿ӣǺϻڵӣ˫޵ζһܺá

˻䣬ħҲ𽥱.ɱ˫ۡ
ܷԭħĵһϲ˭֪Щ˾ȻôױԣƬ̾ȻҪǿԼ˫ޡ

Щ;öġ
һ̱Ҫ򣬾ǲ֪ԼǷսʤЩˡ

ܷһţһĵطȻ֮˵
ԼʤĿԣôħһϣҲ򲻹




88.   88    ȷʵ

սʹȻѾǺϻڵĴͳ
ܷʱԭ, һģǿ϶򲻹ġ

ĸħޱ㿴ܷһЦֻһʱ֮, ͷҲˡ
ܷȻ󣬽εζ˵ǲҪ, úѽ~

ǹͷˡ
, Ҫ¸㡣
, 
ѽ, , һۣ
ȻߵŮ˰⽿ĵӣˡ

ܷü۴, ᣬǿǧҪѽҿʹˡ
⻰һ, ˹ȥ
Ȼ˶㿪Ĺ
֮һ˺ƷӦ̲סҪܷûܷܷ̽һ, ѽˣʹʹҪײ

Ȼ˹ã
Աߵһħȴʾֱӽײ߿Ҫ, Ӧף
ǶҹֻҲʸ

ܷ˼һ˵ĸӮˣҾͺǸף˫ްΪ

̴

ܷû뵽Щħ޵ǾȻ˲ᶨô׾ͱջˡ
һҲǣħ޶߻ħ֮Ϊħޡ
Щ߻ħԭԲŻ߻ħ
ʱǱ߸ջ

֮Щħ޹ܷʩչȻǶ
ЩԸȥ򶷵ˣܷҲ뾡УһЩ
ˣܹЩˣɱԼ

Ⲣǳ֮ƣȻЩԲҲ֪ʲôʱᷴӦ
Щħһģܷʲôʲôȥܷ˲ٶ

ܷ㿪ʼջħޣ磬㿴ôߣΪҴܣһ㶼ϲǣֻϲ硣
ħ˫һҲϲãֻϲã

ܷƭȥħҹǸҲ򲻹ǣҪôܺ͸һأ

ħ޳⣬ſͻȻһħ޵Ĳҽ

ϤϢܷߣܷɽſڣ˲˵
ǿˣ
֪Իҵ

δ˵ЩܷȻħޣȴ׷תͷôһˣʹΪٸߣҲø㣡һʤɣӮ˵˲ӵã
Ϊһ򶷣϶򲻹ȺϻｫɵȻټã

Щһһ䣬ÿ˵һ仰ɫͺһ֡
ܷҲʼ飬ֻΪ˱Щɵİ취ѡ
˭֪ЩħһҲջ 
ûиñӰ

ЦһЩ߹Ҫǲܹõã

Щħ̼ۣȻҲ򲻹ŭеĿʹħơ
һӺħ޶ڵϡ
˻ķڷ
ȻӮˣþ͸ף
̫ϧˣ˯ߵŮˡ

ЦһЩ˻ûϳǿ
ҲûϵڸһܷΪʲôħ󹬣

ܷſԽԽ̷ץץȻץ֨֨ǰһ۸ңһأ֨֨챣裡

ֱ֪֨֨ӿˡ
ۣᣬôصˣ㻹Ҫ۸Ƕˣǲ
ߴߴʮ̧ۿһۿȴ˵

ķŭתΪۣһ¥֨֨ߴߴһ¥סܷ˽§ڻ
ܵ˵ų׷ܷ˵һ䣬Ժˡ

Ȼʹܷ뿪
ܷڿǷ⼸ʵƣȴ˯ȥڻҷɣҪԼصϻڣ

ܷû뵽ħĽ֮⣬ô˵Լ֡
Լʱ˶Ͷ˾Ŀ⣬漴ʼϲ

⼸գ׵Ѿ
ڴʦֵ֪ʱҲ뿪ʱ
ȻѾȥȴֻܹء
ѾõĽ֡

ڳǱϺÿոһƬ⡣
ķɲ򵥣ֱܹһƬ
ÿһýڳ

ڳʼӲֱ˿Ǹķ˫ȷЩ˸Լһʹ졣

Ϻѩȴʹ졣
˸Ͳʹȥ

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ڳôҲţܷȻû³һѪ˵ң߻ħ֮ʡ
ôܣôû
Ȼûҵļƻȫʧˡ
죬⾿ΪΣֻҪסİ
ҴҴˣҲˣ߰ɣ

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ϻڵĵӶס죬˵ĻҲûˡ

˶߻ħĵڶѪħʳ塣
߻ħҲûãϾħ綼ӭ

ܷҲһĻ˿Ѿûиľȥܱ˵飬Լȫص֮󣬿ϻڵǹԼӣǳ׷
˹ȥ

ûãӵŵҲħ
иϺO㱧ܷȥ˶

ֱصԼŷܷܵжء
Ҳ֪ΪߣôĹԶˡЩ˶ܷ˵ֻҪҪС
ۣͷܷ˿ڣȻܷĴ

ܷʹȻûһαǰԽܣʹҪС
أʹʧ
ȻԴԴĻ䡣
𽥳УûԼ𽥻ָ

ܷ۵ʱ򣬿ǰˣֻĵһƬů˵ȴƲסһ

ͣܷѾָʱˣܷħռħ¯Ϊνб˸ʱ򣬾ô˳ڣ

ܷﻹ͵óڣ
˼Ѿʼɢˡ

ҲҪڣֻҪһͷĽڶѡ
Ϊ£ܷڿĶֶ졣

֮һŽ´˻ƶԿҵʱȻǸ磬͵ͷϴñӰɣΪǶƲ磿

һţȴҲգؽ§ڻԭˣԺ󲻻Ϊ۸㡣

ܷһʱȻ֪˵ʲôô˺޳ܵˣ

Ҳûоڿ˵ʲôûãͱ۾˯

˯Ծɷǳ棬˵ǲҪ˯ģܷĸΪ˯
˯ʱǵ˯

Ҳǳϲܷ˯۾˳˲ٵܷ˯ʱɰЩ

ֱֹȥգܷŴӿ
һܵ˵Ĺע͹ġ

ܷĵӡ
ӳ嵽֨֨ôЩ죬ȻֿˣߴߴҲ۴ޡ
ףԺҲˣ֨֨¡
ߴߴԺҲ͵ˣߴߴҲҪס

ܷһһڣˣ޵ĶˣǶĹԺѽ

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ѩ˵ⶼǽڳϺͰڵĳϸĹ
ڳ˵ֻҪˣ˶ңǲлϻڼħ磬ԽڳϾðڳ£֨֨ߴߴĺӣźӸߣձŻᷢ񡣡

ܷû뵽һԣȻôһӣʵҺͽڴʦָû˫޹ҵʱ׼˫޵ʱ򣬾ͱˡ

ѩȻȷʵ




89. []  89    

ܷ˵Լͽڴʦֲ޹ϵ, ͷ˿һۡ

üЦ֪ûнڴʦֵϢ

ѩ, ΪûзСʦߵϢ

ʾܷԼ͡
ܷѩ˵ʱ߱ȻƣҪ߻ħ, ȻͽЩҵȫ͵

ѩ쿴ſ, û뵽ߵȻҪҪСʦء

ܷ֨֨ͷ, ֨֨, ֨֨Щҵ˴, ﻹң

ѩעȴᵽһߣ߻ħʱ, Է뵽ǵ壬пܻеģ

ܷæ٣ɲһ, ԣʱµģ

ѩ̾ʮֲʣðɡ

ֽܷյ˵Ĺĺ̽

ȴŮӦ塣
Ϻ˵ʱӦҲȥħѰ㣬ֻûҵ, ֻҵ˽ڵĴʦ֣֮󣬲ŵ֪ࡣ

ܷû뵽ŮȻԼ
֮ǰǺԼĺܣħ

Ӧһ߽ܷо֮ĸ

һ˲䣬ܷͷֵƺΣɢȥ
ӦѾ˸飬ôⱾĸ߾Ѿ졣

ܷӦ񣬶ϲһЩ

ӦҲЦ, ѾȫãǷЩ
ܷΪҵĹģҲܺõô졣

ӦȴЩĿΪߵĹİɡ

ܷ˫һӦԿİⶼû

Ӧ忴飬Ѿȫףǰʲôĸ顣
ҽҲҪǸǰҵĴħļʣԲŻɴ

ʱڣܷ뱨ھɱ

ܷ̻ͷڿһƣ֣߱

ȻͷӦ壬ǴҲ㺦ǸɢƹˤԼΪ̫ˣ㲻û취

ӦƬ̣̲ס֤Ժȥħħ𣿡
Ӧͷʲô޵ô
ֿܷ֨֨ϣгһܹΪħӵĻ

Ӧ岢ԼǸ֮󣬾ܹǰһʹ
ܷпҲûʲôΪܷġ
ܷĺħӣȻûʲôΣգʵȴΣ绹ħ磬пܻ˺ܷĺӡ
ѾһħޣΪľĸı䣬ϸͻͽ
ԸΪ֨֨Ļ֨֨ԴֲԼܷ˺

ܷʮ־ϲŮ֨֨ĻǲǸ֨֨һĽָ
̽ǰһʶסӦ֣˵ĶҪôл㣬кööȫ͸㣡ȥħҺööħؼ

ӦֻһԼļʸǻڲ
ҪĸлⶼԼԸģҲֲĹ

ܷȴǺܼᶨл϶ҪлģԺͶ㣬ɲҪܾ

ӦͷܷҪ˻ˡ

ʱ˿̣ʵĸоȫС
ȫǿܸġ

ʼԽⱾĿɣԼ֮ء
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ܷСӦ壬ܹ𣿡
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˭ܷͿĴ﷨ҪһЩĵر͸Ӧ塣
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ȻÿÿҪܷܷͻᱧֱۣɵһȥ
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ܷҲġ
ֻǳԼĸ״ӦЩ̫ˣ˽»Сֻ²ۣӦڿһʱ䣬ҪôӦźá

֨֨ͷ׺͵ǾͲǵأ
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ܷ֨֨ߴߴ⻰˷ʵڿʲôأ

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ܷЦˣԼͿ֮ĹϵͻȻ˵Ҫ˵һиģҺûнΪ£ûȶݺ͹ϵھǴء

˫һۣ

ܷͷ⺢ӺǸħ֮䣬½Щ궼Сìء

֮ܷ;ñһתͷȥ㿴һֻ֮Ǵӣ

ܷ˵ʲôѽô壬ѽҺѽ֨֨ߴߴ죬ǻؼˡ
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ܷɪɪѹƵ˿ϣ˵ľʵҿɴû¹ʲôҪһ֮ŵԣҲûʹҡ

ʵҲĵ׵ź
ںӶˣ˫ǹֳʵ
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ȻԼǰҵܷǷԸһȻǷɽ硢磬Ҳ롣

ܷڴ仰ڴ˺ܾãһ˲Ҳ֪Ϊɬ
ſصĵԼͷ
ҡԸ⡣

䣬ͱס
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