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˵ȴɽ£дǰ;ȴɱʦ֤ǸɥĲĴˡһ˵Ϊֱܾ꣬˲˫˫չء
ҲҲλѽ
˵˺Ȼͣˣ˻䡣
ʱǱ֧°Цλôˣ
˵˻ЦλϷžޣСɾ
ʱǱһ°Ͷ˵ϡ
ѵ˵ʱϴһУһǧȥϡƤݴˣ
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ʱǱ
һִᣬǸ¶շƷͷĸһأûüʲôֱӴԽˡ
ڶ磬Ȼûˣʱ⣬Ҳ䶯ûʲôź
˭֪۾һһȻ»ص˵һ
ĸ绤ĺ꣬裺
Ҳܺߣ㲻ҪǨŭ
ʲôҵܵܣҿ۸Ҳ飡
츳ҪȥǸģע֮𣡡
ʱǱү
籼ߣһǧǰǸħͷˣ
أʳսݽߵҲʼֻһ˹
CPС
ף
1˽ɽ
2ܿʣһз顣֮Ŀнͣûյһ䡣
3ģֵѹȻûϷ
ݱǩ ǿǿ   ˬ
ؼ֣ǣʱǱ  ǣ  
һ仰飺˺ħ
⣺һɱҵģؽҸǿ
VIPƷ
ʱǱɵţԱɽ嶥ȴԼ»صִ磬عƽȴһɱ˰й¶Ϊ֪һ磬ħ̳֣ǰĹҲ׷ٴνҿһŲҰʵɴ
߱µʻеԾȻֽϣΪԼмֵսʱҲ֪Ǵһʵ硣


1 Ш
ݳǣɿջ
ͷձң糾͵˽ţСӭϣеݳһʯƣһʨࡣ
ϣСӣԵƬ̣ĲϾ
ɨյĿջסСҼǵһȵɽ۵⼸գΪݳȴû֣
СŲһ٣¶죬С͹٣㲻֪ɽѾɽô
ɽ˲⣺Ϊηɽǧδɽɽ
޵ؿ˿ңΪѣٴεһʯԥƬ̣Žӹʯѹɽƽɣ˵Ǳ¹ŵɱƽ´Ӿǰץסɽ֮У֮ɽˡ
һ߱ʦ
ɲǣСҲ˼飬÷紵ߵѸѹȥ֮ǰʨ࣬ÿÿ˶飬ԵüˣЩʦֵǰЦֵģСҲƣ˵ҲûӵСɾˣ֪
ʲôҲɵȡĵţǸĹεħͷˣһȺʿ̤ջΪӯ˷ƣСɫƵ£ƽװúЩЩƶĶˣⲻ֪ϼʿɱ֮ǰ°ҋǰʹ࣬ɥĲκ˵һõģұЩԩͬѩޣħͷͬˣ
ʿֳһС죬ѪֱˣСŵɫģλСľסħͷͬ
ʿһ˽ӻʦ֣ҪҿСҲֻǱɱˣʱǱһƤ࣬˵СڲҲ߱ʦħǺαظһ˼ƽϡ
СæͷСġ
ʿһҲ£ʱǱȷʵиƤ࣬Ҹýҵ뿴Ƥ֮ģܷЩΪ顣
ƤǷ˷ӣҪ˵ֱӽܼҵļɱܾĥóڵ껹Ϊܼãνһã
ⷨӵǺ÷ӡʿɫħͷʬд;ܼռҲǲеġ
ʦ֣ΪΣ
ѵʱǱʲô֮
⻰һֻ⼸λʿĺ棬Ҳ˿ջ˵ע⡣
Ȼʿ˵ôһ㲻˵ˣתͷ⣬ڵȴʲô
ٺҲҶʣһһڴߣȺɽƲ֮䣬Լܿ
ɽ
һ̾ϢҲ֪̾ʲô
һ˱ֱӶˣҲ֪ɽʲôʱɽ۵һͽӣһһһ꣬
̾ϢջżĿˣҲ˿λãϷ
һŶʦͽ
ͽԼǣʦʱ֪û𣿡
ʦɫ࣬δ
ͽ򴽣ǰ̫Ǵʱ֪ٵĺؾЩĪеַʱңֱʱţº֪ܵؼοʵɱ˶ᱦĻᱻƵ㾳أʱħɻл·
ͽԽ˵Խߣڲĳ˲䱩ǡ
ϴʦһһķƽ̾Ϣһǰȷʵ޹˺ΪҲЩûƷ˻תأȴֻϷˣֻˡ
ϴüʱ֪𣿡
ʦ۴⣬ɽƯƽ糣ջߵһϵ׽ġ
䣬մһ죬쳹أɽջ̼䵹ǸͨġŵĲһ㣬ûΪķһȫӵ˿ջ֮⡣
Ȼȴ˹עǰһƬǽ壬ջӳˣϵˣԼˣݳǵ˶㵵ؿϿա
ɽˡ
Ӧ˵ɽķ嶥ֱƽʯЩֻȭͷСյʯɽĸ֮ϣҲ͸󷨽磬ݳʮ
ʲô
ݳ˹ͬʣӹһٵͷϿգµ͸ź档
µ˿ƶɽ״һֱûƶ˵Ĵȴǿɽӱ壬˱˴ޣҲ˼˷ܣͣԭأĬűΪƽص塣
˿˸ף㵵ɤݳǣʱǱԱˣ
һ䣬Ƕ˳Ĭ
ȻݵĳĬ󣬳бأкôЦϲ䣬һɳƵɤݳǣ䣬ɽɽʮգɽֻ룬Υ


2 
ү
ʵؽл˴ϵˡ
곶סԴ˸ɤڣϣ٣Һʹ˵Ҫ˯һ
󣬡ʱүˣ
ʱǱʶҺʹ硭
ϵٿۡ
ô˯ţѾˣĻд磿
ʱǱĿϰԵɨܣİԼмϤİʱһ˲գʱıѾ쵽Ȼٵƽ޲
˻˵긾Ůͣʱүһ˶ԷϽŰɡ
ʱǱſڣֺȤջߣϸݣ֡
ֻ̺ŵ˿־ʧˡ
ıӿһԾ𣬽Ʋ˱ľʵذ壬ȴʱǱë΢ſڡ
һ˵ϢϢḡʤӦǸʮҵˡ
ԺȻָĵһ䣬ʱǱܿʶ˵ݣؼ϶ѪԵϵ˵׸֮һ
үҽһˣʱǱүû
ˣȥɡ
׻Ӷ뿪ֱԿ׿˷ţһ㶣漴ϸֳЦ⣬ִš
ҲţЦһأ
ʱǱˣ˼󣬻̲סüĿòȴüۼĸƻƽ׶˼ḡ
һû̫ദΪļҲɢ
ʱǱһžͽչʾҽأ
Ȼ֪ԼԺһ䣬ʱǱҲѹҪʲôĥϽڣֱ޷νһ׵״̬
⻰ɫȻѿֲ֪뵽ʲô¶ӣ͵㵹˵ڡҽ̡֣𣿾У?
۰Ͱͻ۰ͰǼס£ۼǶ㣬ҳߣҺ鷳ʱǱ˼˵ʲô¶ˣ˶мҽأʱǱҾͺ͸ף㵽Ǽڣ趼û˵ҪŲ£ҲûҪһǼҶ˸ˣӦ֪ʲô˼ɡ
ȻӺ׿ں󣬾һֱ֪ΪʲôʱǱλعͷлл¡ʡ׮鷳¡
׼Ц⣬ºһȭ޻ϵıŭ⣬뵽컹ҪֱӵĿģᣬⳡ׼˺ܾãȫҶӣûȥģ˵ҪϣʶȤһ㡣
ʱǱ۽޵ʹĿڰָϣ𻡶ȣƺ鲻ӡ
ԽԽЦñ⣬˵˲мı飬ǿ֮ǰһֱŵָͷֳԵð޳֮Ⲣûʲôģջߣʲô
ʱǱ̧֪ǲǸշ۵׻еͻȻеãȻ޺ˣʲô
ƺûղ˵ʲô˵ȫûϡ
ָоһȭͷ޻ϣֱжִһȭ޻Ų壬۵̰ǿ޻ȥʲôûУǱбϷˣķŭͲ֪ʲôĪ
һ֪ǲĴܸоʱǱøˡ
ʱǱ˿ʲôողԼʶڣȻȻԭ֮һҲ㹻ϲˣղųʶʱȻưܻߵһƽ׿ռ䶼ûУ֮ǰľϵʣЩľϵֻεͨ˵ĵˣ֤ɿԴ
ΪʱǱҪһ£˭֪һãȻǡһͣû˵
ʱǱָľϵƻڣͷţ֪ˡ
ţͷĴúɫһһ죬Ҫ˵ʲô¥ʣСףСǱû𣿡
׺ݺݵʱǱһۣתţΨһһҲһοȦ¶ʶĻᣬҪˣǼҿû˻㡣
˵꣬ͷҲصĳȥˣֻǹŵľ죬Ǻޱй˵Ƣ
ʱǱûٴλһܣһı۾
ٴ⵽ϷˣǶ͡
ʱǱִü䣬ס⣬Ӱ½߳һЦƼƷ

֣ʱǱϴ¥
ĲѾˣλòţһ˿۾ǴЦ⣬ں˵ò㣬ü䣬֪˵ʲôֱӽ˺ͶŮ˶Цˣ׺һɫȵ꣬ҲЦ⡣
һڵܰ棬ʱǱֵһ̣Ȼֹ
λɨһۣҪмβ
ŮҲСǱ첻ѹЩ𣿡
Բ裬ʱǱܾˣ˵ʱǱϻҲͦģ˯Ҳ
׳ЦҸȥʱˣ˲ǲ㿴˵𡣡
׻䣬ؼڵ߶ʱǱϡ
ʱǱûؼҵܰʱ䣬Ȼ¥·˽סϲɫǡҲо˶⣬͸ɴͣ˽Ųֱߵһλ£תͷһߵһЦЦ鷳һײ;ߣлл
ʶͷҪתͣ¿ɫ
԰̵ͷʱǱʱ۵״Ųͬȫ˶ڵһˣܲò»ȥӣԺҪˡ
Цһӣ裬ͷ˭ӰҪֻϵС
ԣĿ⿴ʱǱƺڵ˵
ʱǱĶ˿ڣ£֪ˡ
ջߣȴɫɣ⻰վúܡ
ʱǱ֪ʲôˣ
ʱǱ˸˹ĳţû˵
һֱ˵һ䡰֪ˡȥ˭֪ȵǰĿȶˣʱǱǸû꣬شʲôˡ
µ棬ЩιʱǱ㻰û
ʱǱ˸˹ţ˿ûлػ˼
ɫԽԽѿҪ˵˵ȳģл³˵
򴽣СʱǱڣʱǱ磬ղʵûб˼Ƣ༸仰ûһģѽ
ʱǱպóԱ˲ǣ֪ˡ
ף

֮ǰٴοڣȻʱǱҲˣǾͳɡ˿۾ģʱȥӦû谮Ե㡣
ЦİɣѾǰ˲ˣ㰮ԵҲС
֣лл衣
۵׾ǳ磬ʲôл
ЦݲãԴһ;ҪϣȻϰ䵽һ룬ʲôڰУСؿʱǱ
Ҳ˵ע⣬Ŀ̲סҲһƵһϡ
ȻĿļе㣬ȴƸûעߵĶ֧°ͣ˼ƺǱߵߣ̧ʱ۵׻Ų֪뵽ʲôĵЦ⡣
Ŀһ٣ѸٱܿԴҲûٷ򣬶ֱӣмΣ߰ɡ
ؼҲջߣǰš
ʱǱ󵭵ͺһɡ
˶ͣ˽ŲЩȣ̲ס˺½ǣ硭
ɫ䵭Ŀȴл˵Ͷô
꿴˿ȷûתأͷɵؿף¶Цݣ磬Һ
ĿʱǱͺתȦջţĿںʱ˵٩Ц⣺ƽʱҿ죬粻ˣ
ֱתͷ裬۸ҡ
װص˺һۣ㣬ܵϻҪݡ
̧Ͷ״ȻڸʻĳűߣСź˳ϳţЦĸϴ˷ģСһᱻСײ˰ȫ͵
̧ҪӣһѾ˳
תͷʱ۵ЦҲûֻ䵽ʱǱϣ͵ºͣһչ㡣
ʱǱ֪ˡ
ͷͺԶһ
ʱǱߵߣҪţֺⷢûһֱͣϣۺɫԽҰɻط֣
ջߣϳɡ
һղվڳߵѾȥˣǺ
ʱǱ
ʱǱ˽̽Դͷʣôˣ
һ˫ЦۣЦʱѾЦ⣬ʱͷüۿˣǿĵ׷
ߵѵһ٣ûʲô
ʱǱ𳵴Ӵ˳ǿɣ˵Ҫˡ
һ٣һ㶼Ͽʼڲʮ㣬١ֻһ˶ϰںÿһݳĵȫԱǰףȻϰȴ̨ˡ
ʱǱ»ûȫȥĳٴν£Ҳ̽ͷ˵㣺ǰ档
ҲϰʻʱǱ˫ֵ°ͣſڳϣͷ˵ʱЦкֻа˸Сʱˣʮ˹·̣ٲ߾ҪٵˣǱǰ˰ɡ
һ䣬Ŀе꣬òðһ˿ʱʧ
ûһ׵ܵ컹ҪǷˡ


3 
Էķʱɫǳ䡣
굽ЩȴһֱſڣͳҲɷͶһˡ
ɫԽҰǰͣ£ƽʱҪϼȵǰʾ֪ղųӦò̫죬뵽Ƣֻؿ򸱼ʻ뿴ʱǱ᲻ᱻѵûͷĳ
˭֪ŴˣӳϢ˵緢
΢΢ۣۺֿʱǱƺԥ˺ܾãڿڣʱǱ磬ôںѽ
ʱǱþûˣһܳһʱ䲻ڽϷ紵ǱѰߵùͷɢʱʮٴԽҰĺһ
ͷԽҰԼҲҪһ̨شúܷܣҲϰʻ
꣺ǡ
տͷͱӭϰϣͺˣ֪Сүݳ͸׼ˡŶӵĲϰЦݵؼһһкĿʱǱʱǶ˶٣Ȼýļҵү֮ǰûʿã
仰佱ȫǳԲϰģҲϿͨƽʱӭҲͨˣѾһ˫ۣҲδؼԱȵ꣬۾֪ͷС
ȻϰΪûκβ׵Ļȴúؼ˼졣
ʱǱȷʵʺãհӻһۣؼ˾ͶܸоƢҲĸףһͽڴ˺ڡ
粻ӻ
ǽʱǱӻĵһ죬ûü˵ЩʲôͼʱǱߵһߵĺǰӸµشһȻֱƽʣǴҵĺꣿ
һ仰ը˹
׼õ˵ȫˣ˶취οȻ֪ԼǺؼӵĺꡪǵģؼ˲ûиߺĴ㣬ʱǱȻǱҲǱ˶Сʱڹ¶Ժ󣬺űں꣬ȻѾҲĸѾںؼô꣬αظЩ飿
һֱΪʱǱݼҽĺӣؼҶҲô˵ģ˭֪ʱǱغؼҵһ죬ͽؼҵļƻˡ
ҪǣΪ仰ʧɫһʱûܳܵססҽԺ
ʱǱмΣŽӻ֮úòҽԺæǰæ󣬿źҰ׵Сѹᣬȴʮֶµ˵ʱǱһڼҿ϶Ầ£ǿȥɡʱ򣬶ʱǱ۴󲿷־תƵĺˡ
úؼ˲ǣæǰæѺ͵ҽԺòȶˣʱǱú̸̸׿½ϵʱǱȴ֪ȥ
һ첻ӰؼҪչ˺꣬ҪȥʱǱһӱȴ΢#Ϲҵҵ·#
űͬƬ޳ǵĿ罭ţ·𳵺Х굥ִϣɢ
һƬ괹Ž棬ϵĵƹ⽫ԽĲֳĽ΢´۽ͶһƬӰͦı޳Ĳ£쵽嶼ΪΧ
ڶƬƺǲʲô̧Ŀ⴩Ӱֱֱ۹ϵߵľͷӳǹ⣬財
ƬǿߵľţһüҳЦŽӰץ߻֣ʱЩģΨ촽ǹĨЦҪܿߣ᲻գֻۣܸŻһЦ
⼸Ƭ˹ҲǿЦģϹҵҵ·̡
û뵽΢һСĵӰݿѯƬϵʽȻֱӾͻˣҲ֪ôȻֹ֪˾̽ˣֻ̽˽ŲǷƬϵʽȻͺʱȴԻͼ˳ȥȦһٴα˷ŵ΢
תͬʱ#Ϲҵҵ·#ֻСΧƬ˲ʹܵǰ
ؼҵʱΪεͷöһֻ׾Ȼ˸ߵиͺؼҹϵֹ˾ؼҰݷʱ˻ؼҵʱǱ¾Ϳʼ̽ʱǱݣ̽ؼǷʱǱȦ
ɹһ󣬺òסʱǱݣѣҲסЩˣʱǱأֲ֪ȥȥˣһתǼ첻żҡ
뵽£Զշ򸾶ʱǱδ̫ûûΣΪʶԼһһǴԺȦչһӪ
ԶշΪ⽫ʱǱȥ鷿ӳԶչԼԸǷʺϽȦʱǱã˭֪ǰһһԲǿˮ˵֮һ䣺˵ˣȻʲôҲûУˡ
ĵ¿ηΣβĿǳ
Ǵ̸󣬺Զշ򸾶ʱǱӡǩ֮󣬺ԶվûٹܹʱǱǰѺؼҵƵҲãʲôҲãֻҪԺֵٰ꣬òðС
뵽ԼһʱǱ̸ģҪٴ.꣬תϣҪԹ޶ʼɣ˻úòʱʱǱ˵Ļ
˶ȣǰǲмڲصĳŪЦ⣬һָǰ˻Σң罫⻰˵ǵĹԶ
˵վ˸˵漴ͷҲص¥
ڿһʱһʱ־ؿڷƣɷʱǱʱñϾʮ»̥ĺӣײߵģѾˡ
οϧҪ¸Ҳ̫ˣĺԸѾˡ
ƽʱ˵Ҳˣ
ܼʲôǼСڹ¶Ժ󣬱ͷǼֺвѧҵƽɼһֱ˵ǼΪ˼ٿǮ˵֣ͬѧ
Сʳ׸ɾҪ
ʱǱǶؼҶԹԹ޺ʳԹ޺ؼûҵ
һֻԹ޵ĺӣҲˡ
һЩεҲˡ
ӣϴȡ϶áɰҲûʲôźȻʱǱԼҪؼҲȱһڷôŵѧҵˡ
룬ԶҲ뷨ʱǱȷʵ̫׶ҡˣԸĻòɶǶġ
ĺӣһǵĽ
ϧ컯Ūˣĺôûһʼںؼҡ
ſڳĬЩˣƳĸɫ͵ǳЦ΢΢£̲סԼε˵ֱۡ
ۺ꣬ˮ۾֡
Ҫ˵ϰȴѾȵЩˡ
ʷǷܴǰλϿһЩ޷ĶԶԣҪʶһԭ
뵽ԼƲ⣬ϰ弸ЩʧԽ˺ؼˣֱӿʱǱһֻ֣ܣ˳ܴ֣֪֣
꾫¹ͺؼλС̫࣬ƺүƺҲûϰȴֱ޵֮˸ⱻ˳ƺţûŻ߲֪ţֱӳãҲǶԵʿơ
ʱǱûעƺס֣ʱǱ
ԭʱϰЦеպòͶй̶Ĳʽ֪ʱûʲôϲû߼ɿڣҽȥ׼
ϰԽֱӿʱؼ˾ѾЩݣϰʱǱĳƺ֮󣬺׸Ǳɫ
ղŴкʱϰΨһƺǺԶգټʱǱͽʱǱһ׺ƽװһ
׳סڣݣ壬ʱǱݼҵĺӡ
Ϊô˵ϰı̬ȣ˭֪ϰֻͷȻּĿ⾼ؿʱǱǵȴشղŵ⡣
ʱǱѹûעؼ˵ɫζֱӾ͵ãζһ㡣
ѣҵ
ϰˬʵһ̧֣ø˸ζʵĳʦʱʱ򣡡
ʱǱû뵽ôɣѾܾûгԹˣᴨζĺʣüңЦкǾллϰˡ
ʱǱĳƺϰ۵ЦʵЩ鷳鷳롪
ϰźؼ˺ʱǱ˰ᣬ˾ˮֺͱ΢ĺؼҷ򸾺һǡô뿪
һأ׾˼ҽҲӦ֪֪һӦֱӺͰͬˣ𣿡
䲻С͵ԣֱǳԷϢ
ʱǱϢſɳ£һ˶ݽȥɳһɢЦ⣺ϣԼ䣬˼ҽ𣿡
㣡
סףֹʱǱǱߣȻʱǱ̾˿СǱȻ˵˵Ҳûղ㲻ôӦϰ㣬ֻһûʲô罻ϣ˾˱ˡ
ʱǱûô࣬һıһֱܸߣ˶ʱƣԸղҲûʹӦʹѣҲԼͺؼһĸ罻ϣΪԼͺؼһˡȻһˣʲôзûϵαȥ㱲֡
ʱҪںؼңҲú֪ˡ
Ҳסֱۣ˵ʱǱˣջûӴЩܶණģͺˡ
궮µӣٿɫɢܵʱǱ۵׵ʧԶ
һҲܹⲻû˽𡣡
Զüס
俴ʱǱһۣȥ˲¡
ؼҷҲŹȥˣֻкͺڣСʱǱźӣС磬ҪʱǱɣһЩðɡ
Ѿ۾ɫʵ꣬˳ãǹȥ
ꡰһֿһʱǱͷðɡ
Ǳ˵ͨ˶ģѱ棬ʱǱĶֱ˵Ҳûˡ
ףԺЩҪܵܵ˵
ô˵ˣûҽ𣿶ҲŲ˵ܵܡ
׵ܵܡ
Щ֪ûѹͻǿĻ֪ΪΣԶΪѾǵļ䣬ȴǰ
һʱǸʮꡣ
ͷȥͻȻܳһʱ䶼ԽܣΪԺҪȻһȴû뵽ԼڣԵؼҵʱԼҲڴġ
Ҷ޳ǣؼѾһΣڶ˵ûʱȥҲûʲôȥؼҵǰһϣ˲١ĸ˺ʮһѰҡ֪͡ӣĸױźӱͷʹޡţΪҲ׼ʮ׻οܡͷʹ޵Ĵĸסµʱֵܳˮɽĳ档
ȻߵؼդߣڵͤǶŵŮĶԻȴǣ
㶼ź𣿼ǵòҪ֪ģʱУҲ֪
ʱ֣ûע⣬͸¶ʱǱӣ֪ûУʱʡ
С֣ô£ô©ʣôʣ֪Ժ⺢϶иңҪ֪һͶһ֪ķա
ģʱǱǺҼˣͦ£˵˵Ӧ⡣
¾ͺá
ʱǱվԭأͻȻʶԼкʵðҲ֪ˮɽĳӦòˣԥ룬Ǿµĳ
ϾǺĸһμ棬ϣºӡġ
ʱǱĻȥˣֱؼ˱ķ·˺ؼҵı
ʱվſڣԺĸ侲ϰȴû뵽ϷһĻ
ǸդϣǸͤԼܹһںһ긾Ů˵
Ц⣺Ҿ㲻ǺؼģҲ˾ܶģ㿴ǻԼ˿ԶֻһؼҴסݣңҲԶǺؼү
긾Ů֪ΪʲôЩϻ̳ϿֵӣͷСүȻǺؼҵү츳⣬͸һȣļҶҪġ
깴ֲЦˣҪȷҵĵλӰ죬ҵİְ裬ҵĴ磬ǶҵģһҶøǸĪðӡ
Ůæ̫̫үͶүҲһֱǶˤˣ»ˣһͷܺأ
ȴ˼Ȼ֪뵽ʲôŮ˵ȥҸǣ˵
Ǿ仰ѹˣʱǱû壬ȴԺʮڴһȵӸѪ˵ļһְԷԼϲ֪ǸЦſϷǸÿſϷľᡣ
ֻûȻͼԶͨ԰ĲŴ򿪣½½ĸˡ
ϴСǽǵĸꡣ
⼸˽ŲҴңѸٵͤʱʱǱŷ֣겻֪ʲôʱѾ档
̨
ʱʱǱԺ֮⼸֣ľҲΪԤ֪ζɺ
žһ˰οһˣȻȻ֪ΪʲôޣΪԼ飬ڰοʱԾ֤ڣ
ܼ˭㶼ǰĺӡ
ʲôҵܵܣǴСһ𳤴һ֪ĸðĻԽ𣿡
ģꡣ
ûˣǷġ
ʱǱȴˣԽûסϷϷ绯һЩһ.
żɽԺǴҵĺꣿ
Ȼںؼ˾㵵ѿıѱĹ


4 
겻䣬Ǿе˼ʱȴиҪҪ
ʱǱۣϸãȻڿﲶ׽˼΢ӵһ㽫еĲӳɷųҪվѽһٿۻͷ⡣

ף
԰һһӰϢһԾ£Ѹ׷Ӱȥ
ܣ
Ϊϲ˵ķԱĵĺԶƳ˺ؼҲվ
ܣԶ¶Цݣӭȥ֣˵үóԸϲܡ
ܿۺķЦ£ͬϲ
Զն˶٣ɵؿԱ߲ʶˣλǣ
벽˵֣صĽܵǽҶѧʦ
Զ飬ɫ֪ʧԶӭʧԶӭ
Ȼ˿ҲûһۣĿ⻷һܣں϶ͣһ̧ȾϢȥ
Զһ٣ŵȴû̧
ֱȥǼְ߲㣬𽵹˵ö񡣡ֱ
Զ治ɫЦܹǺؼҡ
ܣܴкھͲźضòˣСѧҪѽ
ԶӦȻ
ֿ꣺С꣬绹˵ȥ棬ʱԲҡ
ЦݹɣҲȥ档
úúãСһ𳤴Ҫһ档ܿԶռˣҾȸˡ
ؼ˽͵ſڣȵ¹ϣһ˿ϵЦȴûжϡ
̲֡סСղǸǲǾǱߵġ
ԶյͷĿⴥ˲ࣺѾˣԷɣˡ
һɣҲǰְθãѾ˷ˣøϽԷǧθˡ
ϻҪݳҲЩ
οһЦİְ֡ȻĺԶգô໰֪˻ȥԷ
һڽ˲ϲ˵ķԱֺ֮󣬿һź֪˸ˡ
꣺ʱǱ绹û
üͷ,ЩûԷĶ𣿲֪Լ
һҲûˣ˵ȥʱǱɡ
׿ûӰѵҪȥ룿
΢΢üǱߵСǱԷ
˻Ӧ
һȥ
¡Զտ磬һûĹأģҪԼ
⻰һ˵ҲٶˣûǱ߿һۣ˵Ц£ҲһѾ˸˵Ĵڡȵ극߳ʱŻȻתȥʱǱ
һоͷ֣ʱǱֲˡ
֣֡Զ£ɫʲôʱȥģ
ҲʶԼ˵ˣһ˿Σҡͷ֪
ע⵽飬ԴοʱǱʱȴǼڽûȥүƢˣүּأԶ׼
ͬؿһۣɫҲӦȥԼˣ껹Ҫͣ߰ɡ
ǡСʱǱ»زǻ᲻᲻֪ȥѽҲЩˣҪǻǵȵȰɡ
ЦʲôȣʦѾھƵˣڲܱȵҪ߰ɡ
걻ų˰ᣬŹ֮ǰתͷϢķ۵׾־Ц⡣
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ؼѡķشΧľƣɽˮԶԶһĿһĿ
ֻǷ羰ÿÿҲߣʱǱ׷ǰӰӻ԰ɽˮݵأԾϪʯ棬׷֣ĸǿ˶ǼＲܣܿ׷ˡ
ƽĸһ⼸壬̧ͷһܣ˸˳۵֦¾ȥһ֦֦ϣ˫ֵԺһɣ˲׷ˣ
߲Ӱ֦Ҷ϶ϣͫ׻ζӰ̧һֵֻ£ۣƵҲͣ
ʱǴԽʱ⡣
ɡ
˯Ѽ䣬˽Ųڲݵϣֻ΢졣
ŲԽԽʱͣƺ̾мΣȻ⡣
ʱǱٿѣֻһѹըƬӿȻ𣬿ˣԭء
ü۳ȣһһоȣ˵͵ȥըҼң뽫ؾںϵӿռ֪һؾ̺ʹϾҪɢؾ䱬ҲԶĿǰֿܹġ˶٣ɨһۣǷǻɵǣҽʦûˡһ˲˺ȥȽ£꡶͡ƪٳ
ʱǱ֣ǰǲӰ硭
üҲûáһֻ֣ɡ
ʱǱңǰˣһЦҰ
üƽﲻÿЩ𣬽վҷ㡣˵ţȴǷס꣬ƺ˵̼䣬ʪ˱飬ҡͷĺҽʦԺӵ㣬Ȼ˼ǵúɩɩƽ
š
๫аݷãɲҪĴԡ
á
˾ˣ㻹޷Ԧ㼰á
š
꿴һۣ΢üңɣ
ʱǱҪǣȴֻǴҴδԹ
Ųһ٣̧ժҶʲô˵ˣ
ʱǱĿָƶ߶ָƮƬҶϣȻЦˣô˵һˡ
ըһˣԴջߣӿ˲Щɩɩ֪ģڵ㡣
ۼԽԽ죬ʱǱ̾Ҫ׷ȥȻôӿŲֻܿԽԽԶֱʧ
硭
ʱǱһˤڿľҶ֮ϣ֦Ҷ죬ƺӺԶķػصʱ֣ϵıȥתΪã
˿Ҷô⣿
ɣ
꾪̧ͷɩɩ
ʲôأѾˣ
ʱǱɫ졣
Ÿʲôѽ
ɩɩ
ԺƺʲôƺûУйɳ嶯ؿڣߴվץסǰḾˣȴƺ·ˤ˺üβ˲ĨȥϵۣЦ.˹ȥ
⺢ӣŪһࡣ
̾˿廨ϣģȥҪ緣ˡ
ںһЦŲѱ죺Ҳ˵˵᲻÷ҡ
˹ıǼ⣺顣
ЦߣɩҲ
˱Ц֪Ǻβɫ
ֲԤУʲô
磡
ѾζԽֹûʲô°
Цģ
һʱ飺İ˵϶ҳˣ¡
һָˡ
۾һֻһǿϣ
˺Цҡͷֻһܡ

ʱǱ߳ظϸ˽Ų뿪߷ΧҶһʱ⡣
ʱǱʧؿʧķ򣬶վԭء
ʱ֪٣
ʱǱ̧ڵӹ䣬ǰ
л
ö˶˵ĽлҲ²ΪʲôЦеչһȣȻŷⲽһȦȻסǲԼ˵ϲ͵Сӣ
Ϊü㾹ȻҡƨҲҲ
ʱǱɽֺ
ʱɣǰ˻Σʱɣʱ֪٣ʱСү
𣬾Ҷľ˳ʱǱĿ΢̧ǰꡣ
üˣ
ʱǱָһĿҶУһȥ
ѽ
кЦͣ˳ʧڷС
ʱǱԭأһתҶصķ
ľ֮УһԲβϷըëСӵ
ʱǱСӣƬ̣Ĭһع
ʶڣղҲȷʵܵ˼΢һ룬ƺҲΪ档
߽СӾͳ죺󣡡
һ죬粻ԣȴ껨¡
ʱǱָ꣬쵽ǰЦͨң
߷̽У󣡡
ˣҲˣβ̫ëëһëѩɽʱǱ½һ飬ë׵ģôǼĽ
أ
ʱǱ°ͣͷֻ˵СҿɲǼȫҲǼҿô֣ǲһֻë˵ķʼͲ˵ˡ
󣡡
ǣҿͦѽ
󣡡
ҪҸ澵գСҼ
໡󣿡׻ʶʲôһ֮Ȼ˷󣿡
Ϊʲô˵Ҳ㣬ѽʱǱϵҶտʶζûС͹ԹԴ̣ȥɣٵˡ
󣡡
ʱǱŲһ٣תУԺҪ͵ˣײܰƤΧ֪֪
󣡡
߲ƣżôת󣡡
ʱǱ˰֣ͷҲûص뿪֡
뿪ûãҶɵĽƱâһʧȥЧá
һ̵İһ̲ȱ׷ȥֻǸյֱԵʲôȫҰëըѸٶ
ӣ
һӰ֣Ҳ֡
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Tţпȫۣ϶մ˻ҳ·ƵƵͶߣʱǱӶȻԵŲ˼ղŷ顣
ڴԽ֮ǰӲ֪ߺĴڣȻҲ֪һˣǸոڷܵһ˿Ҳûߡ
˿̫ӣ΢ʹıҲκôס˱ȳǿ׳һЩ˵壬Դ嶼ܡ
οʿɿӵһڣҪųǧˣΪôһ˿΢˵壬κʿ
ʱǱѾȷһУڼֻδСβֱԼƷˡ
ǣŨ֮زɡ
Сڣһߴڡ
ֻǡʱǱһΧӵֻʣۻԵĿЩһȻÿڣֻǿѡ
һڵ磬ȻɹϷ˼ռСĳǳҲǺֻ΢ѡ
ʱǱѾӽߵɲ۸ֽˮ໹ֻľҲһ˿
ڣ֪Ͳֻˡ


5 
ǰô£ôΧţ
˸иڶ޶چ
룡ĸɥĵģ
ʱǱȻûΪ걾ǿʶȴ˹ڵʶѹƵʶˮƽԱȳҲѾǳ˳̶ˣǰΧһˣ˽ҲĶ
˵ɱ
ɱɱϱ
˭˵ģԿʵˣ£Ů˵ļɱ
˵ĶԻһԵİ̲ס廰
ɣҿǹͦʵİƽҲк˰
ôǣ֪֪治֪ģĻƤأ˭֪Ǹ˭ģ˵Ǽ򼵶˵̲Ÿֱˡ
ǰȻ˵˸ﲻɱ˾ɱ
һԽ˵Խþÿϧ֪Ůô֣ǰǻҾ͸ûиζغٰ
Ļ񣬳ŤЦ⻹δգͱͬһҽо˼Զ
ղ˵˱һ߽̻ŶŤ£ûüӹľ𣬾ͱ
ߴ˫Ŀɺ죬ú޲ܽ˺ƬĿⶢ
˸ոŭһˣߵŭ˻ȥ
Ǯû°ɣ
ôͻȻ˰
֮ǰһ˵ļΧ˸ոʧİȫ˲˻ҲǣۼȻߴ󣬿ҲǸʮͷëͷСӣɾԼӻ˼ųеѵô°·ҴˣûҪҪҽо㣿
Ȼǵĳ
֪ΧȺҲãȻȥܣСӣʲô²ܺú˵ôԵ޹ʴ˰
ҧҪľ
һȭ˴ͷһƫ˺·˷Ӧһȭһȭֱ˴һΧ˿ϵѪĭŷӦȥˡ
ݵĺʮֺˣ˶ס
ſң
һ˱壬ʶ֣Ѹȥ
ȻΪʲôȭȭʹղҪɱѾ˵Ķûʲôͬʱŵƨ|ܡ
Χ۵·ס׷ĽŲղļҲѸΧס
˱ˣ
˿Ҫεģ
ʲô޶ܰ˴⺢ӡ
궸Ȼͷɺ۾˵ˣһһ٣ȥиҽ㣬ҥҽ㲻㡣
Χ˲䰲
ղ˵С֪ǵ⻹ǾԼ˵ӴܷӦΧסĶЩվýģȻҲˡ
ܵ˼סиЩ֮һ㶣־תΪŭȥɱ˷ʲô
۾죬Ҫȥȴסֻܺ۾Ǹˡ
˼ţҲ˲٣˵Ҹղ˵ҲɣȻСôиô㱻ɱ˱ûУӦ㷴ʡһ¡
֪ͻȻΧ۵֣ܿͳȺ׷ȥ˱۵׵ĳǵɱŵɫһ䣬ɷתܣŵȶģȴܳ˱ٶȣȻĺ˾롪ֱײһǽ

˱ŵøεѣڶൢһ붼ʱ˵ŭͿ־嶼סϣʵþȫһݺһƳǰȥ
Ʒ·ŷ磬ʱǱǰȴͬһ̧ס˵
໥ģ˴˵ĺݾȫϣȴʱǱסѹ˲䳯ƻأһֱӶˡ
˽һ˵ϣҽг
Χ۵Ҳ״һ㶡
ʱǱɿ̯޹糯ײҾǵһ¡
Ҷ˸ղ˹˵ĳȻʱǱ˵Ļ
һУŮǵղſСû˰ɣҪҪȥҽԺһ£
ʱǱ󣬵Ůһ£С˼
ŮĿǽڷƵչЦüۣĺ
֮ǰҲ׷ﾹȻ֪˸ӣŵĿѣ˲ö˵ܣֻǻûվͱ˰ס˼
硣ʱǱһǣҿڵϺһû°ɣҪҪȥҽԺһḺġ
ʱǱСò־£һûʲô
˿ʱֵı鿰Ⱥ׷꣬ʹҷſҷſң˵ҪʱǱһҪ׷û׷սսֵô

ƳߣѾľŵĿѣ
߷ֱиȻʱǱ˰벽ס˶䡣
ľһ´ϣڵأʼȥ˵ȥסĵط֧׾ֻܱͷű
˲֪ŵûôѾڵһζΧȺһȻ˿ӡ
桪
˺ˣҲ˱120
ʱǱץסҪţȴ˰֡
ڿ˭ǳˣɿ
ʱǱеľߣǰһӣ֪ôͷͦԶֱ˶潨ص
ֻǴҶڹעϵˣûע⵽һĻ
㣡
Ҫ˵˽ˣ
ΧȺ˹һͰϵˣһüͷô£
Լ֣Ҵġ
컹ûڣʱǱһĿ֤ˣȷʵġ
ΪԼ˵꣺
Ҫæ˵ΧȺڣ
һۣȰҽԺһؾһˡ
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
¼ߵĵܵܣŭ֮飬ǰ˴ûԼǰ;ϾҪѧҵˣҪ˰ҲôûУ
꿴ŵϣûʲôҽ㶼ˣҪǰ;ʲô
쿴˵Ļû˵ڣֻ̾˿˽ɡ
¼ҵŴֹϣ׳²Ұ׹ߡ
ʱǱߵߣݸˮȵ㡣
Ҳ̧ŵذ塣
ʱǱӷŵϣ£Ŀ
֪Ĭ˶á
ɳɤӿڣ㻹ʲô
ʱǱûطȥ
Ĭһᣬ˵ղлл㡣
ʱǱüлʲô
Ǹղҡ߶Ķ˴ûʲô
֮ǰ¼ľƿţеЦ⣬ʱǱ£ȴҲûж˵ûʲô£ˣԺסҪ嶯¡
ʱǱվ˸һ㶣ŵؿ򾯲죺ôܣ
ֺЦغһⷴӦϣס죿
һѶ˱棬һĿʮп꣬䵽ļۡ
˷ǰûп
ֻۣⲻܣ
ղж̫ùӳǼ£ʹ߹ǹۣҲжദ֯ˡ
ˣרҵļ棬ѵ٣߰ɣ¼һҪء콫͵ſڣԺⲻҪñ㻹ᣬҪԼδǰ;ȥ
ðû˵һһԾл
ӾֳãȻĹˣ˸ߡ
һͻȻͣ£תʲô
ʱǱʼ磺˵ˣûطȥ
ƭˡ˵תߡ
ʱǱһߵߣԴǰ棺Ϊʲô˵ƭˡ
ŤͷӿŲʱǱʼ磬Ƹš
һߵǱһ˱У뾹Ȼû١
궸Ȼת㵽Ҫҵʲôʱ򣿣
ʱǱ޹̯֣·Ҷߣ·ô࣬ôƫƫ˵ҡ
걻˿ת
ʱǱ̧ȸȥ
겻֪Լ˶Զֻ֪ڣѾ˺ܾãõƣֻܹԭء
ĲݵϣʱǱ˿ط£첲Ժһȣա
ʱǱղŶűߵĿȪˮһڣɤƵǷ䣺㻹ҪҸʲôʱ򡣡
ʱǱ˸βͲݵë׵βͻλƣ㲻ǻиôȥ
ĬãʲôϵĲ֪ôͻȻ֪ǸеΪʲôȢҽ𣿡
ҲҪʱǱشԹԵ
Ϊ˵ҽܸǸеļк
ҽ޹ȥ궼ûϣеһв˳ľµڴҽ
ȥҽ㲻׼ΪϸеѧǸеĳģ顣
顭ɤһ.ҽ޸ԭ򡣡
ڣô˺ˣڮ١
ȥģʱǱ𣬿ӵߵꡣ
ûлͷˡ
ʱǱ֪ǰжʹ𣿡
Ųһ٣ҽʹ𣿡
ʱǱ򴽣ЩѾˣҪӦҵְ㱨𣬶ԱΪѧԸ޸һˣԻǰ;ô롣
궸Ȼתɺ˫Ŀŭ𣺡֪ʲô
ҽΨһˣΨһ֪ʲô˼˼ȫֻʣһˣʲôûˣҲܶʲôоʲôȴΪȰң˵ôɡȫҲȰҰɣ
Ƶĺһ䣬סڵϣ
ʱǱЦһʧĹβָͣⱻ֧Ⱦɫ֭Һ
ȷʵûʸȰ㡣
ԳĹβͲݣͷҲص뿪˺ӵ̡
ֹס뿪ıӰز


6 
ʱǱ֪˶ԶֱǻѪζɢŻع
ĿһƬݲĲ˵أԶǵƹ⣬ũżȮͣҹѾˡ
ġʱǱһŽ·ߵʯͷԶҵʯͷһţôѵС·Ŀĵߡ
ȮͽԶȥ֦飬ֳʪ쾪ɭ֣O@綯ͬҴӹСޣ֦ҡڷӰԶżǺ^У޴缤ս
ʱǱ¸첲ϱ紵ļƤм棬һСʳϸţûбϮĻᣬ֮Ƿа޷ˣ˵Ѿûиܹζˡ
֣ƻںڰľ֮䣬ʱ¶ľŵҰߴ·ܹ߳棬ͥ
ȻʲôŷʱǱ̧ȥֱ۴ȴһۡ
ߵߴɿڣֱѪ˻Ҳ˻ϼˣҧôݡҪȺҺɱ϶ŵܶŲӦЦˡ
˻˻ţŤʱǱֱۣ
ʱǱһʲôٿһЦ۵׵ĵĮɢȥһѿߵĲƣ˻˻еİ߻˻ΣС׵ķϣ첻߸ˣ߰ɡ
߱ϣɿ֡
ʱǱ֣Сĳ˿ڣȴЦ⡣˿СڣһһԼδǵЩͬˣʹδؾصֱɽѵϿϹŰ廹Ű塪ȴ̫ӡ
С˵ҪԺӹ磬ǲЩɢɢСҲҪվ˰
񡣡
ǾͺǾͺá
ɢСһ˫峺۾ӳʱǱκˣΪ
ʱǱգգۣҲŶΪ°ͣҲ۵һҪ˵ŵһɡ
˵ŰѾˮٿˮ𣬻Ƭˮһ˸͸
ŶӹЦСεزȥϵˮ
֡
ʱǱˮһüҪŪôأҿɾͲˣǶĹһرһضࡣ
ᡣ
ʲô
ʱǱȻ벻Сôشˡ
Ĩȥ˿ѪҺͻȻζɺôشСˡ
ڵй߼롣
΢Сһ˿ϣ۵׵į
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СǱû
ûС£֣ʱǱôöû᲻ǳˣҪǳȥɡ
ҡͷ۵ʧ֮ɫأ֮ǰҲͷżңҲһϲȥɡ
¼ȡ֪ͨ͵ˡ꿴ı飬Щǣѧ¼ȡ֪ͨһҲһΣʱǱ⼸һֱûгȥܾ֪ͨ顣
ϱмЦ⣬ȫˣԺҲЩֻԼ֪ͨ飬Լ¡
ǡĿס
ֻϷͷҲû̧ôһ˻ܶ˲ɡ
ĸ׺Ͷ綼ô˵ֻܵͷðɡȴǲġ
οڼҪ飬ҲҪרӦԽĿˣҪȥıˣ֪֪
һ֪ˣֻǡʱǱߵϢģ绰Ҳӣ԰ϾƫƧҵ֪·֪ô
֪·򳵣׶ֻºԴͷһģ㶪ᶪ֪ء˵Цһﵣֻ˵ѻĳ￴˿żء
ϴʱǱǼƬѣȻڶؼҾѾѹȥǱƬѹ࣬̽Ѱңȶһʱ½ѹ֮Ҳм
Щֻķ˿Ҳ΢Լ˸Ȼе׵ѶʹΣǼʱǱ֮󣬸ǼؼҳԷ̸ʱǱȦչ顣׶Цˣ˵ؼܲʱǱȥۣʱǱԸȥȦĹƾ˼һȦӵˡ
ЦҲһ˲䲻ڡ
ʱǱúһ㣬ӿʱǱĵһ۾ʶˣû뵽ĳôĪѺͱ˵ϲˣĸƺҲԽԽкףʱǱģǱʱǱʱ̬ȣֳҲӣǽʱǱĿʼ
뵽ĵΣͿֻš
硭۵ʱǱȥȦչ𣿡
׻û˵Ѿ΢΢üϹ˵ʲô
̧ǿЦЦǡʱǱôϲϴ˺ܶ˿ѽȥȦչٱ˸л˵Ѿȥ
̾˿˵һˮԶƽĸҲˣڲ֪겻֮ǰҪ˵۰ĺӣԺԥֵľǺꡣϴ϶СʱбķͰڴȴΪȫȫִģȻһ˽ҲӸ
ڿı飬᲻֪ʲô
꣬ͽ̹㣬òʵں۷ദĳ֮ʱǱϲҲһЩ᲻µСˣϲõȴǽײ߸޷һȽϣ𣿡
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걧˵ҲЦһºԴ˵ô˴ģô˻ޱӣԭ͵ⰡİɣҾһܵܣһֱ
΢΢üҪ˵ЩʲôͼѾ̧ͷۿҡͷʱǱҲǸĵܵܰҲҪ˵ֻҪһֱҲĵܾܵͺˡ
Цˣ֪֪ˣ
οؿ꣬΢΢Цˡ
һľĸӵۿͨģ
׵Ķһ٣üͷô£
ˣ۾һվȥ
󿴼ϵᣬɫЩôˣ
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꣺ţ׼˺þˣӦò⡣
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֪Ĵ硣˵֮ǰ˵ʦ˵Ҫûа취Ŭȴһ⼸Ұյ֮ǰҵķʽ֪;Ѿһоˡ
ףܺá
˵˻ûúԶҲˣһ̸ı˵ԶԶεҡͷԴҪ룬Ҳ˵εЦ⣺ġ
ˣ͵Ĳϣûһ˸ˣΧƺҲصʱǱ֮ǰĺڡ
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ʱүİ̾㵵ϵ㣬ôˣ
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ʱǱȥϴ裬ɡ
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ʱǱûΪʲôûƽͣгԵ𣿡
̵ͷȻһ٣Щʣʣˡ
ʱǱ⣺ӾС
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㡣ʱǱһӣ˿ھ۾һóԣ
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̼״ֱۣҪ㲻ϲߡ
ʱǱӹݲ˹ӣսţЩʲô㣡
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ʱǱ͸ݲ̳ڵƹѰңܲ𣿡
ûУҪŵģܲãûšҲ֪Ϊʲô˼ҵүǼ仰֮䣬ȫںͼѰС죬ﶼЩЦ⣬˵ûܲʱ۾ûôˣ̲סȳţȥгʵܲ͸Ҳϡ
ʱǱ᲻̫鷳ˣ
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7 
峿Ż¶棬ںڵĶȴòƽ޲ס
ֻСڴߣͷ۲꣬ߴߴһҪӽǰһ̶ƿն죬ȸԶҲꡣ
ʱǱ˷ĳ徻Ķȥ
ǡʱǱ𣿡
ʱǱǡ
һи˵ѹüͣھ͸ھ棬ȥ
ʱǱüž˵ȥˣ
ʱǱԭ·أ˰ҵ֮ǰǸӵ̣һʪ͸ںӵϣ˫Ŀǰ
ʱǱûתߡ
ֻŅ̀ȾͱסˣǸеĿ϶ҴˣǼȴʲôûǲ㶯֡
ʱǱŲһ٣Ȥüô֣
̫Ѿˣ˼βվȣǲҽԺҸǸ档
ʱǱ˼磬̫ḻ˰ɣ
ȥˣһ仰ܸĵġ֮ǰСүʱҲûôŰ
ȴţִֵضʱǱΪʲôǸеĵ˿ڼ·ϳû˻ˣֻп㡣󼸸ʮּᶨ
ʱǱҿǸһľ֣ܰʲôСѣḻǻ£һ¹
ϣ֮ǰ˵ҵΪҽ㱨зԲԣ
ʱǱһ㶣ָָԼıǼ⣺ң
ЩЦãʲô
Сƶʱ˵ҽжʱ˶зӦֻʲôҲûС
ʱǱһ£벻ԼûзӦˣֻΣأ
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ʱǱ۵ȼĻ⣬Ĭ
˵Щû˿ŷȣκһ˹⻰ûÿЦ
ʱǱ֪ȣҪһȥɡ
ҲţɱҲͦ˼
¶ˡʱǱ̧һЦǲ¶ԵĽǡҰҵְɡ
ֱǰʱǱϺúûȥ˯һϿͷӦúúõģû뵽ȴȥ׵һޣҲ˼Ұɷץ
ʱִ֣˭ȰҲûá
ʱǱû˵ֻаɣģϹȥ
·¥սͷղ̫ԡ
غؼҵʱһڻܰõģôһֱӽ˰˸ȣһƲҵǱɥƵġ
ؼ˿ʱǱҲûʲôӦʱǱҲ徲ֱӾſȥ
Զգѧ϶ǲˡ
᲻ֱӰѵߣĻô죿
󣺡ԼҲǵһǰ۳Ľ԰СҲииģɱ˰ʱڣԼһŹ֣ߵʱ䷴ӳ

ʱǱŲһ٣ͳֻ˸ġϣҲǸꡣ
Ϻܿظźĵ԰ýȥ
ź޳ĸղͬĻľַ˼ƺؼҾס԰Լҵĵ԰ͬźȴ㲻ϽСרŵڸ԰ɴ
ʱǱʱϴʪָúƵ·ĵ԰Ĵſڣı飬뿴·ߵ˺ûʲô
ʱǱʱѸٵ˱飬񣺡á
ʱǱͷָָϣѡ
£½Ͽһ飬ųɵλǡѣ
ô˰ɣ
ʱǱûⱣı飬ָ˵ûĴţɡ
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ʵܸסڼ𣿡
ʱǱֱӱ˺ؼҵƺţȻ˵ġ
ŻȻҪûˡ
԰ҵƽʱţûҲұﲻͬҵʶҲǰ俴ŲҾͨҲǲܡ
Ǹ֮æС
ϸʱǱһ䲻ȻǮ˼ҵү
ʱǱͷҲأֿʼˡ
ϣ
Լҵķһξ룬Ŷںߣ˵ȤǣǼؼҵķӸźңң
ʱǱϴӳԼѾ˾ߡ
٣ҲǹգΧ˲ˣһҲװģţûǮֶıʡ
ʱǱϹȥ˲ע⣬עǰ߳ڵòʣҲ˿Ͱ͵·֮üͷÿλá
㣬ʱǱ˾ôһӼǰ档
Ŵ󳨣ſڣɫ˷ǽڣſں;˵ƺûʲô֧źܿͻվס
ʱǱһۣѹϵߺ档
ãȻĸ档
ʱǱ㵵ؿһۣ벻ϳС֮⻹вᷭǽҺŵѧ
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ʱǱѹ˶ȥû˵ĵطߡ
ϿΧʵʵĿȺû˵ĵطôߣ
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ƹΧȺҲƹ˾죬һӵĺԺ˵ԼҵĺԺ
վڵԼԺǽ£־᣺ĿԽȥҪǱץסô죿
ʱǱǽϣһעĶһ߻Ҫˣᱻץסģ㻹벻ҵˡ
ϳɵؿüۣڻ
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ܵŽŲʱǱ˸Ӷ˽ȥ
Ŵ򿪣߽ʱǱ߷Χڣ﷭˸ļžһҪ˵ֻˡ
ӹļУ˿ֺϣ֪ˣʲôһ֪ͨġ
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һҪҵ֣ǮҶԸ⡣
֪ҪЩһʮǰµѪжҲ˵ȷһǿͨ塣
ûãҲһΪѰõϵķ
ʱǱȣû뵽һ˵ԼʿصϢֻͷ˵ʲô͸оһȣ·ʲô˳ľ
ŵڹ֮ǰһϲͨľѾͨ
ɣǧ飿
ʱǱתȻѾֱͻڣʿ


8 
ܹҶϵ绰̾˿ȵس
ʱǱ˸¹ˡ
ܿ˱չ񣬴óһЩļ֮ͳһ̴ľС
ʱǱüһе㲻ԤС
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ʱǱշ̣ȡΪ͵ǵʱҲû顣
ֻǡͷԼƣѾڻΪ㽫ȫע֮ҲΪʯĺɫˣֹɫҲ޷֮ǰࡣ
̾˿ҧָڿл˼ʣһָı㱻ǿ̵ϡ
ܲĵ䣬Ź⿴ֿٿȻоǰһ̵к漴Բ⣬âӿ𽥸䣬̵ٴתΪɫֻεĺ첻֮ǰѪ죬һǳâֵĺɫ·Ҳһ޷ķġ
ۼɣʱǱٴ˸Ѿ¥ԡ
ȻԼҵ¥£ҪֳʵҪ¥ǵԷҺԡҡ˿̾Ǿڽֳȡ֤ûƶԷ˵ʬ塣
ʱǱһԡңšüͷ
Ϣ̫ˣƺħаϢ
ĿһתԷ౻ʿһѪǵ˺һֱ쵽괦ԡױأϰԡԼ°ȴڵ棬Ѫӣ鲼ȫͷ˴ʪ϶ײȾѪĵɴ˫ۣŵһ顣
ʱǱƳһᾯͱǰ˳ȥҰ׷ɫȻܵ˲СĴ|
ֵ׺иʲôѾǵˡ
ҪץһҪ
Ҳ˲ҵֳһݺͷŭ
ʱǱȴ˸ҵĳ棬治ɫ߽иʬ忴һȦȷʵ֮󣬾΢΢šüͷҪ뿪ȻӦʲô΢䣬иϷܵЦһ۵Ѿ˪ǡ
ʱܵԶԶ
ߣ롣
ܣǣ
٣ĸˣ
װֳ飬
ѾžٴкˣҴҲֻǿƻֳġ
ܴһֺ˽ƿԱȡ֤Լֹǵľ죬ֱԡҡ
ܵϵϢʱǱü㣿
ܹ޷࿴ҵ״ֺԼȥˡ
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Сǿ˳Ӷճȥ߶ţɷܴԪӤʶɷ
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աܳɣΧľ죺ҷ˵ʬ塭
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˭˵û鵽ʱǱ˹۹⳵һе㷽򣬲㣬Ȳٺ˵
һǻӿﻹܵȣסʱǱھ֪
ʱǱüڲ㡣ֲһƣȻ˻֣ˡ
ϻûӦԼ˳ãȻʱͼѾ˸ͷʱǱʧ


9 
ʱǱȥʱ򣬺ؼȻǸֵģȻأӶ˹ʱֽš
ʱү֮ǰʱǱݲ˵İסСѣӿǱߣ·ȥɡ
ʱǱһ㲻ܾ˵⣬ԹԵͷá
ЦЦȥˡ
ֻʱǱ·ȴȻײˡ
һİڻ԰ʱǱʱڸֽİοţܷʲôҶһͦȥġ
ӹֽƺҪ˵ʲôͻȻһŤͷ˭
ʱǱŲûпȴҲأһ˵ͨģ˲ʱһҲЩȵüң˺۾
꿴ʱǱʱǱ磬ˡ
ʱǱĿɨۣĿⲻƵ꣬ĵһͷ¥ȥ
ιվס
˿鲻ãʲôǱʱǱּ֮һйڵıеµӣ˲к𣿡
ʱǱŲһ٣뵽ƽԿԸ뵽ӲԿԸסֱۣСȥطɡ
ƺʱǱģ۵ʲô
꣺Ҳֻǡ
֣ߵʱǱ̧־Ҫ׽סȻǰ˷·𱳺۾һ㣬һͶ㿪֡
ţ㡭
ʱǱϣ̬ɢá
һ㶣׶֣ʲô
ʱǱͷ˵Ҫк˵֣ˣˡ
ȳû·˶¥ʧ˵
£˲˲ŷӦɫһһºڣʱ
û뵽ʱǱǱ߳Աǰ䣺ƽˣ㡭ѹ𣿡
عһ仰ղŶʱǱҲʱ㶼Щ£ڱ𣬾޴ıʱϣȦͨ졣
۵ɫûϵʵ̲סԿ޳
ҡҡͷѾ޹ˣֻҵֽʬΣ֡ƺĿǰ޷ǿǻԭ
겻֪ʲô̾˿ǰһסǰԿ޵ģûϵġ
ݵ˵Ǳ˵ͶͱӲ̲סҪת⣬ˣ֪Ϊξ뵽˸ղȥꡣ
Ʋ죺ǸʱǱǼסŻôţҲܵ𣿡
ԴؿڣƵģʱǱֻƢ̫öѣûжģҴڹ˾Ѿˣʲô鶼ء
ô˵ֱӾΪƽʱʱǱһ۸ˡ
̫ˣƽʱ˵ˣԼһµҲ۸㡣겻ƽǸʱǱһͲʲôöƽʱӲһ㣬æĻ׸簡᲻㡣
Ĭˡ
ĳĬƺʲôŵǰɣѵ׸
æҡͷûУҺܺãҲֵرϲǡʱǱǸϲˣƽʱҲ˵ԸҲҺõǶϲʱǱѽ
ôܡмϲҲǸݣ׶ӣ׸׵ܵܣԽùȥ˵ˣҲǳúõ㡭
ӵʱǱϲ𣬺ıͱˣÿ˵һ䣬ɫͲһ֡
޿̵ش˵ĻҺֻ죬ǲģ
ͳֻʾæ
ʦ
ڣھںؼҡ
õģҴϹȥ
绰ƺ뵽ʲôϷųâ
ڴǡ
϶صͷԣʦھҴȥһ档
̫ˣȥ׼һ¡Ҵ¥˼һ٣ʵĲҪЩ𣿡
˷ܵúεı飬ºȻЩȻ֪ǺڴѾ׼˺ܾõһ죬뵽Լĸ׸ոպǰһ뻹ڰοһͷ·׵˾⣬Щġ
⵽Сһ𳤴ĺѣѹĵ׸ʦȱЩġ
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ʱǱ¥ûãͽӵϵĵ绰
Ҳ鵽һ㶫ˣܼܲһ档ʱǱ˵ٷɿŵҾСԶķɡᣬֱӹ
绰ѸٹҶϣʱǱ̾˿ֻܷ˯ͷʰһ³š
ؼڵıȷʵܽ˵԰ŵĶ棬һС¥һƬ֮УҲΪӦ
ʱǱ˰ֱ֣Ӿͱ˹ȥ
鵽ʲôˡ
ϡꡱһסߵǽԣʾǽ
ʱǱһ£ȴʵҲǽǡ
һ磿۾һ򣬲˵˵ÿҲ˰ҪеĻĶˣϼ쵼֪֪֪Ǹʲô뷨
ո˿žǸͨʿȻûǵʿɣҲûҾá
ӳǿЦذɣ
Ǳ߳Ĭһһŵѹ桢İ
ǼˣǸߵĹȫͬͨҲȥ˵ΪǱ߲鰸϶ǱߵˣСĵ㡣
˵Ǹ˶ᷨ
󲿷ֻᡣ
ǲɽ
û
ǵǶҲиװ
ֻ˵һΣʮؾӵûϣֱأԶĸһιȥͬʱ뿳ͷ
һ󾪺
Ƿᣡ
Ǳ߲ǡ
Ǳ˵ҲҪعذɣѵ޷˲ɣ
ǱҲа֣֮ղ˵ǸǴǱӹаޣ˼оסˣҲ˵ҪǱߵˣǵֶθḁܹ̇̄Ըġ
ˣǺĶͲҪˣǳԵҲˣ߰ɡ
ƶŴֹϣʱǱ˸վֱӣתͷͿϻʧģ
ʱǱôˣ
һҲûΪҽ㱨ˡհ׵̧ͷ۵һƬҰܣ֮ǰһû˵
ʱǱü˵ʲô
˵Ǻп̧ͷ૵ҸڵĲǾ죬һֻᵱЦôһ硪ղ˰ɣ˵֮⻹һ磬Ǹ˺ǲһҲǲһʱǱ˵ģǾҵɱҽ֣ʲô취أ
ʱǱӣ£ûϣͲˣ
ô飿ϿʱǱ˶ħ֣˵⣬ȥЩ֪ô飿
ʱǱ˻ָˡ
ϣˣ
ȣħִˡʱǱƵȷʵħй֣ȴûй
һ㶣ôûйûйΪʲôħ֣
ʱǱۺʧ˱ֻأɢһܴȻΪЩΪʲô޳
죺ҽ㡭
ʱǱĬƬ̣
Ҳ촫лɾʹ
ħʶҲֻҪʶģ˻пħħǲħҲпħȵȣ߼֮
֡
׷ʣʲô
ʱǱЦЦ֣Ҳǳ֮УΪ֡
һ㶣ʲô˼
Ҳ˵˰ɣǡ࡯ʲôˣǳǲˣ˵ˡҶƺͿˣ˵ʲô˰
ʱǱһƤӣ˵ķɴˣÿⶼһ˾ȳϹ˾Ͳˣ˾û٪岻ˣ˶塣
Ծǣȫµδ֪ʶ˼ǡħ֡ġָ֡ǲͬڳ˵ЩˣЩ˲𣿡
ǰʱǱ˸ʳָ棺㶼ôˣҶˡ
㡣Ͻ˵ݸʱǱһʱĺսʤ˸ղŵɥ̲ס׷ʣ˵𣬡ħָ֡ǳĶָѽ
ʱǱ˷壬ڷܣԶԶԶұġüؿķԱſھ󡢽ɳƤ֭˿


10 
ʱǱϲ˵Щɡ
Ա˫ֽӹ˵͵͵ƳһʱǱĲϱ׽Ŀײ֧°ͣһЦˢغգŲ˵Ҵˡ
Źϣֹϼݵκ;ȡ
ʱǱĿӰһĲżŹϲջߣûעϱ飺ôʲô㣿ҵܵܿɺǮġ
һʲôܵܣеܵܣ
˭¶ԹȥˣֻʱǱеܵ£ʵǴӵһۼʱǱҪôǮ˼ҵĶҪôǽߵСӵĸоָоһʣ˵ѻǵʮ㣬֮һڳĻ³ϲ׽·һܸеɡ
СԱӰеˣ·˵˸֪Ϊ׼ȷδ
еܵܣӦҲǼΪгаһҰɡ
ϸô룬Ŀ鵽ʱǱƺŻı飬ֲ̫ȷˡ
ѽʱǱָ°ָͣһûһµûԼգȻһ٣ˡ
ʶ̧ȴֻյİš
һɻʲôҲûа
¾֪ˡʱǱ֪ʲôʱ˴ߣֿ⣬ͷһЦ
վ𣬻ûȥͱⷿƽһ
ʦҴˡ
Ҳơ
ǡ
⡢ʲôǰĹˣ
ʱǱָָ⣬Ǳߡ
Ͽ첽߹ȥʱǱָİᣬţǸôԶôܣ
ʱǱ˵ģ
ϴ𲻳ղǽǵʱ֪ĸЧǳʹǸڰҲղԻǡֱӾǰ˵һޱȣ
ղʱǱħ֡ʱĵ
ʱǱǲǡǲǾǱˣ
һ룬ֻ֮ǰʱǱڰ̸ʱı飬ʱٸнûע⣬ʶԣΪ㸴Թ޶Ϊ澪㵣ʱǱȴǲƺ֪ģ
ԡʹʱǱǱˣҲһҲ֪ǱǸ磡˵
а취ҵɱ֣
ʱǱϸǱ߰ửƵķʽعͼĿƣһ˫۾ϵģ˶㣬Ȼҵ˺ܶ࣬Ҳ̫⣬Ŀ⡭еˡ
ϱʱǱ°ǿƿߣҲְԴת˻ǲǡ
ʱǱʳִָϵʻ
һ룬֮ǰһޱȵĶԻ
ˡ
ʦǲǾûܴҲû˵ˡ
Ȼ
ϱ΢ʱǱ
ʱǱĿ⿴ǼᣬԻڼ
ʦ̫ˡ
һƶѣպҲѧ½ԭȴû˵
ʦ󡣡
֮ǰǰùһΣûϵͳѧҾٽһ顣ʵΪ˷ֹɢ磬Ҫ֪֮˵֮ƶ֮أһ˿һ˷ѡ
ѧˡ
ˣַԲϣϸܡ
ʱǱ˫ۣʶӣǵʿڵİᡣ
ʿֳָ̣˫ַϣվǰ
˴Լӣ̽΢âɫɫ֯żɫ֣˴ķӳԡ
һֱϢһԵĵ˿¶Ц
ʿҲ˵ͷ
ۣɢâ۵͸档
ҪۡʿĸΧЩе׺͵
±ۣͼΧ
ʱһȥϵĹâԽԽ΢ֱҪʧ
̲סˣʿСʦ
ʿɫ΢ٵȵȡ
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һ˿âϨ𣬺껺۾
ʿ̣ҡͷȴ̫ʺڡ
Ȼڸоʱ˲õԤУʱı.̣ͬԽܣɫ˲Ұ
ۣʦ᲻̫Ÿܲ˵˸͡
ҲľŨȻ磬ֻҪ֪һܸ֪ȴȫûо˵׺̫ͣʺ
ʦ
մӦһԻΪʦ㸸ΪѰرķϣѾΪͽĵһ죬Һ˵ùĻ㻹ǵòǵã
ǵáʦ˵֮ͽע
ˡʿӣ֮˵ֹڴˣû츳ǿҲûã˵Ϊ
ƽʱʮ־ηʿʱȴĵģ׳˵ʵһ취ûʦҰأǲǻа취
ʿŵɫᶨƺƫִ̾˿ߵ£Ϊʦ˵ʷ¡
ɫҰ׵ĺ꣬ʲôʷ£ʱ˿̣Ҳ֪治ãֻ¡
ǧǰλ츳׵ߣʮᵤʮʦɽ£ʱȻµɽƽɵΪŵӣ״β֮սһսɽ׮永׮ӻҪѾõì˵𡭡
ʱǱʿĿͷֻɺϣȻԽԽľ񼤵֮ʱʶȣûüתٿرץ׹һƬ֮ء
ʢɵɽ֮䣬Ÿɫۡ꣬˫ĿգݾȴۣԼĪʮģ
ľ紵ɲˣһֻ°д󣬺ܿ쵽ǰӴɵβɨȫԴ˶꣬ŻΪΡ
ͷһӡ򴽵治
ĶͷϽ΢ϵ˿ѸϣѻɫŲ±Ϊԭͣʧڲ֮С
ʱǱٿۣʱ
۾µһôˣ
ľȥĿ֮İᣬʱǱ㱵ɫһ･ָѡ
֮񣬼֮ҳлѪ֮Ϊҵ֮ס
λߵν⣬ܳɽĸλϸǶԣӽǾķߣǰ;Ȼ˭Ҳû뵽̶̼ʱ䣬λž޵߱ħ֮䡣
ʿʺ˵£ٴ񣬵׷ʣΪʲô
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ʿ˵ЩǰᶼΪȫҪٹ˲ӹ룬Ŀؿ
ûע⵽ı飬˿ȫע˹ϣ׷ʣʲôŻᱻħ
ʿҡͷ飬ҹ˵꣬һɱʦ֤մȾʿΪصɱղűħԾɽ֮ϡ
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ȻǺ棬ȫû˵Щ壬ʿѵΪΣֻסʦڸĸһ߱ʦΪ²ݡ
ͷһΪʦΪʦжҾ顣
ʿص˵ͷŻΪʦ˵Щ£֪ԹΥⲻ
Ǳ߻Ѿתδ⾭С˵ﲻҲӦˣ̫ˡ
ʱǱĦǡ
ϣ˵Ǹʿ˵Ǹ𣿲һҾе֣ΪʲôǸʿ˵˵ȥû˵Ǹ˵ְ
ϻ䣬һߵٴڰ
ʦ˼ȻΪȴ֪أ
ֻҲ֪ǧ֮ǰ˵־ͳ˸Ľɣ³Ǽǧ껹δҲδߣҲֻȻڱչص֪ˡ
ϣ᣿ˡ
ʱǱ
ǰ˵ûǸ˵ģ˵Ǹ˶࣬˰ˣ𣿡
ʱǱ´ǣûЩ˵ɱʦ֤𣿡
ˡ˵ҾðǹĵĻӦò鰡룬ôã츳Ҳôã˵ˣҪ벻£ҪʲôԾĲ˱ҪͿ϶вΪ֪ԭ򡣡
ҡϵͷԳһЦҵɱҽָͲôˡ
ʱǱûעע⵽ϱ
ֱ֪֮ŻعתſɫϣʱղȻɫȴʮֵ䡣
ȥ۵˸ָ߹ʺˣȻһΨһˣ
Ϻɣ˭
ʱǱ´̨˫һⲽߵߣԶ߽ǰ
ϳĬŲ֪뵽ʲô۵׽ϣʵҡ
ʱǱ̧򦣬ֵϣӡ
ǸղǸʿ𣿡Щԥ𣿡


11 
һ߰ᡣ
ʿ˵֮ͳ˽ƣҲˣֻһ˶꣬Ҳû˳
Ҫȥһˣ
ʦҪȥģ
ຣʿֹ˵ĻҪʣҲҪ顣
һͷĺ꣬켸źϣջûʿ˵ȥ
һٷʲôζҲûۼʿͺæվ
ʦ
ʿ𸡳߰ɡ
Ҫ֮ʱʿſǻһľûа취𣿡
½ǣõ˵𣿼ȻĻǲǾп
ʿת޵滨ҲûжݣĮûԵǿ󡣡
꿴ת۾ٿĻ֮۵׵Ĺâٴȥŵ
޷ٺõҲûáʿ˵ǿһ۰Ͱ͵ĵֻܶ˵˼䣺ǧǰлᣬԪӤþ壬ѰĵرΪʣȻѲ統꣬ԪӤ󣬸ο൱ĵˣҲǿޱȣΪĵرѾ˴˵еĴڣ˵ҲҪҵ˲Ҫ
ʿԾѾģȻ͵ȴ񿴵ϣ
ʦ˵пúģ
꣺ʦȥ磬ҲҪҽţֻϣԼȥ
ʿþû˵
ʱǱ¿ӣ̲סЦ
Ǳ߰˵ʱͱעʱ򿴼ʱǱЦ̲סʣЦʲô
ʱǱǵʿҪкڹѾȥˡ
ϲ⣺Ϊʲô
ʱǱЦ˵Щǵĺ»ΪĽᣬɽֻԼõΪԼϣ²Ѻȥǲˣ˵ϵʿǲˡ
ϣǵʿҲ˵ˣҪԪӤҵĵر
ʱǱΪԪӤǰײ˰ǧǰҪԪӤҲǼ£οǵԪӤʿëǣһ־ͻᱻţƽʱܼͨģһȥӵģ֮һͨ˵ԪӤȴ뻹Ѿˡ
ϺɵؿʱǱ㡭
ʱǱֱˣʲô
ϣ㡭
ʱǱҲûУ
ϣŶһΪ֪ôɽ磬ԣӦ˵Ӧȥأԭûа
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ϵͷʣУΪʲôǸϵʿҲʮɡ
ʱǱһһٶˣҾʮҲϰ
ţһٶˣ
ʱǱ֮òŻȳϵЩҲֻûһɣԲżͽ´С
Ͼ㵣һ壿
ʱǱܻˣ٣ԪӤһǧԽԽҲԽ
𾪣һǧ
ʱǱֵ̧°ͣǰҪǵ˷ڣ˾൱ֻҪԪ
ŵૣһǧꡭ
ʱǱ˼Żףڻ̲סǰ˸ָˣˡ
ٿ̧ͷ˵֮ǰϵʿ˵Ǹֵ˶ꣿǸʮᵤǸʱʲôˣ᲻Ѿˣ᲻ʵûʵһڣ
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Ȼ˸ǮʱǱʣȻǳ԰ͣ
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ʱǱЦ˽ᡣתͷϣȹȥ
ϵ˵ͷûԶͼʱǱѾ׷ֳ̧һ˻˻ӣЦеؽУ꣡ɰ
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ͷҡݼҵһ硣
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һ£ͷֻǻûУʱǱѾˡ
ⲻˣʱǱ֪˰ȣָһʹˣŷЦշûǮʱҪҪô죬û뵽ˡ
֪ûϣһһֱһǻھκͷƣʦͺ궼ܷʱǱ̲סˣ湻ҪģںؼҲԲȲסˣ˻Ҫ˼ҵģ֪֪߳ôд
ʱǱüӵסŶѵ֪
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߳ôдʱǱӣüһЦûϹѧ֪Ҫֳ֧ң
㣡 
˵Ļôĵɵؽˣһȭͷ޻ϣʹˣԼȫš
˶Իʱʿһֱ۲ʱǱȵȷ˲ŻѪ
ʱǱתͷλǣ
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ʿʱǱΪʲôеԷ˵Ѫζ
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ʱǱ޹ѵʲô𣿡
ʿĿɭ䣺ǽӽԷˣȻϻѪ
ʱǱȻ޹أ
ɫ䣬۵ɺ죺أ
֮ǰʱǱײĸףĸ׻ΪάʱǱһ鷳ƽʱȻ룬ʱ˿еʱ򣬶ʦԲжϴѪζԴʱǱڽ֮ǰûκνҲԲнӴĸʬĻᡭ
뵽ʱǱҵɱĸˣսȭͷͳʱǱȥôϵѪζ˵
ʱǱһܣȵֿ֣˹ʲô£
ȫѪζ֣ʲôȥˣþ˺ʱǱӳһȭ
ʱǱһȻ÷ֻǵһֻƤˣĲʵϻǳЦ
һ˲ɣٴ⣬ŭֱţʧȥǣһֳʦʱʿ͸ļҪʱǱȥ
ʿʱǱصʱɫѾ˲٣ʱֱӵס˵ȭͷɫס֣
Ѿͷﻹõ˵ﵯСѪɫԲ֣ɢĹâ
ŵó˹ȥ֪ʱǱЩ£Щ˶ͨˣǸʿʱǱô࣬϶Ҳȥ϶¡
Ȼһͨ˵ٶȵעɷѪɫԲ顣
Ƕգۼ͵ʱǱǰ
ʱһ̷·ˣʿ֡ڴ񡢵ñЦʱǱιһЦ̧סѪɫԲ飬ϣˤˡ
ϸɲסֱˤ˸ʺ
ʱǱҡͷҶˡ
Ϲ˲ۣ㵵ץסǶˣ
ʱǱ˻ѪɫԲ飺
ţôܣ
ʿ˿ҲرΪ˼ɵǰһѽץ󣬹֣֪ɵĵѣ
ʱǱԲ棬ûпҵǲ֪ڻûܻƵˡ
ʿһ䣬ֵƸΪҾǰСͽеǰº
ʦ
죡ʿһѽץ˹Դѹ˾ʮȾϹƣʱǱҾСͽȷʵײǰǰδ̤ţҲʶø˵ķϷһ
⵹Ǻ˵ֻʱǱ༸˵սľĿ׽ǺһڣֻСӿͦ˼Сͽܺмţô
ʿȻȻֱӴӵڴ﷭ʣ¼źɫԲװӵһʱǱǰЦɡ
ʱǱӹֱ׸ϣ뿪ǰΧֲԵķԱһЦ˺ܺóԣǼ˽ˡ
ʱǱ뿪ʿų˿סҪʱǱ˵ĺ꣬һǮ
ӷʿתۺ꣬Եʱһγ׳֮ǰ֪³çʱִᣬΪʦٸ㼸ʱ⣬ҲôҲǲӣȴûֱƤ¾
ӱʿžϹǸʱ𾪵һֱʱ˿Ҳûлָô˵ǽĵ׵Թ˵˳ʲôǸؼҲԲȵݶѣ
ݣʿ֪ӲԸҲƫеһֱ֣ҲΪúý̵أû뵽زˣˣΪ˱˵ǷûĻ֮أڸҲˣҪߵĻư֮˼ҵʵ
˵ЩҲȥȻ֪ˣΪʦѣǱߵĵȼɭϣΪһУǧҪçײˣղλƢõˣƢģ˵㣬ʦҲ߳
˵ʿȻ뵽ʲôĿҲ÷һꡣ
λҵݣ
ɫҰףɫ㱣֪Щʲô´ҧѾѪʿʻҲûʱ
ꣿײºļ򣬺Ż̧̿ʲô
ʿüͷ뵽ʱǱǲݹϵǷŻҼȻݣαԶλԸΣȫҶϽҲǲɡ֮Һ͵̫ʧ鷳ȥǸλǰٴһǸ
꽫߬÷½ɿ׵ָڷ΢ϸ죬ǿЦǰĻһġ


12 
ʿΪʲôǰ
ұȻǰ
ǲץסɱҽ
ɱĲ
ϽŲһ٣Ļʲô
ˡʱǱ仯Ʋ䣬ʲô
˵ĻӦҲֿ˰ɡ·ǧһѹ£̧·۾ʱǱҿܿ𣿡
ò׹һԼԲһ־ΨһĻᣬҰ֮£һ仰˵ֿᣬ˵꣬۾ʱǱ룬Ѹٱܿ
ʱǱĪϷͺܶģŪãȻһ룬ش𣺡ҵĲ²ûӦÿԡ
۵׹âէ֣𣿣
ʱǱġ⳵Ҫ̧֣Ѿ˳ͷһѹûעЩ֮˵ԼΪ㱨뵽֮ǰǷȥ˴룬۵ɡ
ʱǱ
ʱǱŲһ٣ô˴磿
ϳĬһСлл
ʱǱһ£лʲô
ҡҡͷָǰҾ򳵣ȥɡ
ʱǱϳߡ
Ǳ⳵ʮӺͳֻ߿ܲõȳҽи
ʱǱ˵ͷȡ
ʱǱǷСƺһӻͶ˰ӣɺ棺ģ
ʱǱչ𣬡֮ǰǵǹ͵ġ
ϣϲʱ𣿡
ʱǱ˻ӣЦ
񣬵ʱǱ̧ջߡ
ʱǱüôˣ
ͷŵԼĵӰ˻ҵɱҽ𣿡
ܡ
ֿܶࡣ
ʱǱȣȹǵĿз졣
˭˵ǣ
Ͼ̧ͷ˼ǡ
ֻһɫγʻ
ʱǱ̧̧򦣺ȥɡ
ûո˵
ʱǱ»Ҫ飬ȥʰһ֪ͨ
ʰ
ҪȥءʱǱ˵°ͣҲֻһˣ֮Ķﶬ·ϡ˼˾ʦôˣȥɡ
ֻ˳֮ǰ³ʣ˵Ǹɾ᲻Ļţ
ʱǱҡȵһ٣ûش𣬳ѾԶȥ
ȣ͵һЦһǧǰòܸ͸ˡ
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ʱǱʶڣڳˣԶؼҵĻЦĶߣЦԽԽֱһ̣Ȼֹ
ԶϻŲЦ⣬۵ȴȥˣ
ʱǱɨΧмĺ꣬ϾѸٱܿȤعЦ⣺֪ȥ˰ղŻҸ˶ٷǮѵû˵
ɫһ˿֮ǰЦ⣬󷽵صͷղҺ͵ԷʱʱǱ磬ûдǮҾͰˡ
׶ʱЦƤ湻ġ
Զպȴûʲôֵ֮ЩСѻ֧һ£ϵ˵û˼ʱǱܿ˺úദȻּɡ
ȴüûǮˣ
ʱǱ˷ϼڴ
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Ҳԭġ
֮ǰΪ˰걻˺ˣ˽̽ģ֪ʲôһʾУҲλ˽̽ǱߵõʱǱĲ־ͷƽﲻѧܶŹ̿ɣͬѧǮƣ˵εĺĻȫˡ
ĺƽʱ϶ҲûʲôȷĻǮ˵էױ仵ʱǱƷпԹǮ˵ʲôʱ򻨶໨СǮ˳²Ǵ
ǵúҲ۲켸ٸʱǱһЩǮ̫࣬þͺˣֻǺ岻ãеԼҵһĳͽ£һæµ顣
뵽һ˿Ρ
Ǹûϸֱת˸㡣
ʱǱ˵ͷû˿˼ȷʵ޷ģǮҲȫùˣӺؼҷЩǮպٻˡ
£ؼҷҲѵõضʱǱ˼ֹģ𣺡һ¾ˣҪʲô
ʱǱЦع˴û˵
ĳڶһһ816աȻһĳڱ˺֤ϵĳڣԼ֤ϵȴѾ֤꣬ʮ졪ǡþؼ졣
ϧûУѪܴһ衣
ıңԼһ֮ں𾪲ŵһתװεļѱ֣ʱǱǵЦغԼǺؼҵĺӣǲ֪ؼһҪ֪£᲻컹ҪѪ
ʱǱߵЦ𽥼û˻۵׵ĳŪζεЦ･ʧתΪһ˵ֶµûŵ
ʱǱԶճ㻰
ʱǱЦڣ۽˷Ц˲תһֵֹɵ飺Ҳ֪֮ǰյʱǳһ볤棬û顣
ô˵Զյ֮ǰԼʲôҪĶԺͰ˵
ʱǱʵãȻԶյʮһֻƱһꡭÿ궼˵ԷͺãҺһ㶼һֱһЩСƷϲʲô
ʱǱ˼ûмվͲҪˡ֪뵽ʲôϵܻȱǮ
һ䣬ؼʱǱôһֱû㻨Ǯ顣
ѾˣٴαѣҲܣЦ㻨Ǯһ£ת㣬ǮǮǼһֱǷֿ㡣
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ȻʱǱȴȫû˳̨µ˼ΪȷʵҪǮʲôʱǮ
򴽣ɫѿ
ƽʱᣬԴӵĽҲһԽΪ˶ʱʱǱĿ𳤵ģɫ
ҧʱǱøҷһЩ.衣
ҲʱǱ磬֪ܶԴһһֱܺõģ֮ǰһֱûиǮһΪˣϻὫ֮ǰǮġ
ʱǱôǮǲˣЩСϺͺǼƽϣֻȻҪʲôȻ˵ԼʵҪĶûоˡ
ܹܿͻҪһԶţ׬ǮںؼҴȻ᲻Ҫ
ȻʱǱⷬͺԶ˵ȴʵĴˡ
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Ӳһͬʣ˵ûиĸܹƽ͡
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óʱǱȤˣǿúã
׳𴽽ǣƽʱĩи߿
ʱǱУ߿
ԡϸЦ⣬һߵСһ¼ȡ֪ͨ飬۵׾ǽο֪ͨ飬F󡣡
ʱǱ˺һ뵽Fĸѧƺ޳ǵһ211
ֻģǮ
΢΢üƺܲʱǱڱտǮǵûҪǮٰһᡣ
ʱǱˣ»ᡣ
ʱǱû飬֪׼һǶǮǺЦŸһ᳡عеʱţһӣ꿼FĽҪб¿õģ뻻ְ϶ҲͬⰡ
ͷ˵ĲҪǿúãҺְֻάࡣ
ʱǱǺã
׼ʱǱҼʣЦ־Ц̲סЦϵ211һǾͽ£Ҫ985˫һ͸࣬Ǯǣб𣿡
ʱǱ۶ѧأ
۶ѧ˶ЦƵģЦ:أ
סԶվؿһۺףתͷʱǱҪ̫Զ
ʱǱЦⲻ䣬Ŀ˵¼ȡ֪ͨ顱һֱͷû˵ĺ꣬õĹҲ˲٣꣬ҳúԶ𣿡
ץűָѾף̧ʱǱߣ˶ƿǿЦЦʱǱŻûãҲ̫ĳɼ
ˡײ˺ԶվЦ㻹أ˭֪ѧڲǵβȱ⻹Ҫ˼ʵ۶ѧЦ
ǵңʱǱȻ֮ɻ󣺡ϲȫ
һֱûڣʱǱƺƺǾȤЦ⣬֪ΪüͷһܾʲôԤϵҪˣ˵ʲô˼
ʱǱҪ˵ͼɫҰףҡҡ׹
ע⵽ˣ˲ʱǱߵߣﲻ
ǿЦѾˣѾԸȥԲֳ֪֮ͨһ֪ͨ飬ڿʱǱģʲô֪ġʱǱõ¼ȡ֪ͨ顣
ںؼǰԲ¶ţţһͷΣȥɹˡ
˵ؼ˵עתƵϣֻкް֮˼ؿȻżʱǱܿϵ۶ѧҴֻش㣬򡣡
䣬Ҳע˻
ԶյͷͰ˵ġ
ʱǱ򣿡
ԶΪ٣ֻҪ㿼ϣǽ껹꣬㸴꣬Ҷһǧ򣡡


13 
۶ѧ¼ȡ֪ͨͺ⣬һ۾ϳԵʱǱȥתȦֻóһ¼ȡ֪ͨʱؼһ۾Ϳʼ۵Уա
ܣ
׷Ӧ󣬲ֻţһѶʱǱİ𿪣һ˲ٶ顢ӰƱ¼ȡ֪ͨ顭ȵȡ
ҪȻ¼ȡ֪ͨ飬һ̲֪ͨ鷭
ʱǱͬѧ¼ȡУרҵѧϰƾ֪ͨУʱ䡢صѧ֪
ײţһһ˳
Զţ㶹ϲʤ
ʱǱڵĹϵΣҲʱǱǲ߳¼ȡ֪ͨͶ㹻֮ǰĴ󲿷ָӡ
úúãԶսӹ¼ȡ֪ͨϸϸ˼㣬һ¶°ְ־Ͱһǧ㣬¼ȡǼϵ֮ǰְô֪ϲ˵ĻǾ͸㰲Ÿ鷿̨豸õĵԸˡ
ԶնʱǱ̬췭ظȻоˡ
֪ΪʲôͬؼһΪȥݵĻһؼͬģʵǿԸͷչĺӣҵ۶ѧѧһͨ˿֪ܲȴ۶ѧһصѧԺѧݱܣһص㣬ǾǶߣ
ҰĲȥȻȫҵϣʱǱҲΣ˵֪ʱǱʵѾˣʱǱںؼҵĵλ᳹׵߸ԽԽԹ޻ȻĵֻһͷԲʱǱȥ۶ѧҲԲʱǱΪ鱻ؼ֪
ֻǺԶգҲֳЦ⣬û뵽ΪѧʱǱȻܹϵ۶ѧľϲ
Ϊʲô֮ǰʱǱĳɼȱߵһҲȥ׷ˡ
ʱǱۼźԶպ¶ȰЦݣƤһźܻԶţһǧͲˣУºͻǡ
Զǻȵĸ仰˻ȥɫһʱڴȰ;㵵ıл֮䡣
ʱǱԶʲôɫĵתֻ׵׿ڴͬʱӺԶ֪ͨ飬ˣýʹҡ
֪ͨ뿪һץסȻۼΪʵҲ֪ʱǱøһ绰ܲٵ¼ȡ֪ͨŪǣǲţһĳɼ־ȱѵǼٵģ
ʱǱؿźףȻǼٵġ
׸ԼʱǱɵƵ׷ףôɼ
ʱǱʱүүסԺҽԺչˣûʱͲȥˡ
أ
ȱԽͣܲĹڿа׾ɣ
ʱǱ룬Ϊ꼶˵ѾˣͲҪ꼶ܱ䣬ҵĳɼͰִˡ
ʵϣʱ꼶Ҳʦ˵ĸֱףԭǣ㶼˻ʲô͸һˣЩһֱѹŵĵڶҲôѪµһˣڵĻǻʲô־
ؼ˴ʱǱ赭дĽûѧѹƵĵڶı£ȴʱǱ߶Ѿ͡
ʲôͣʵ֮ǰǸ˽̽Ϊʲô
ʱǱҲɻ󣬡ǲǵ𣿡
ؼ˶˵ˡ
һǽʱǱӻ̬
ʱǱĬͷǮ˵첽¥
Źϵһ̣Զٿس£תͷԳӵȥǸ˽̽ҵҪǺؼʲôʲôԹȻôŪǣ
Ҳɫѿ֮ǰȻʱǱĵ⣬ζǿԱŪ飬ôҲûô򵥡
һ˽̽Ե޹ؼҵ飬ο̳ϵϣпǱԷʹʱǱһոձؼһȥĺӣʲôֵñ˿۸ϡ
˵Ĵڣ谭˭ĵ·
Ŀⲻźۼɨ꣬Ӱ𪣬ɫżֵǣƺеϲãû뵽ʱǱɼôãĻְҲΪĳɼˡ
ǿЦЦĺ֣û˵
ǰǲҪʱǱĳɼǰ;ˣһѵĺѾģӻǵӣҪǻκһϧ˲ļ嶼̾Ϣ
ɫѿģ֮ǰҹ⳰ЦɼʱһζûҲ֪ʲô
ǰֵʢĺӣʱộʱǱȴһû飬ǻ֪ʱǱѾյ˵۶ѧ¼ȡ֪ͨ飬ĵˮ©ľ
ңһǧΪջǰ£ȴֻҪĿֻǺһµ㻨ǮѣʹʱǱҪҲʱǱȴʽҪ˵˻ỹ
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תͷСףȥģ
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ƺĬǸǰûκδƣһܵܡѾȷݵˣ㲻ҪƢ۸
ױ˵Цˣ裬Ĵο۸ˣã۸۸𣿡
Իһ£ȷʵûУǵͷú˵
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뵽ˣţ
ʱǱһߣԡȥڼϣԽԽأʵľȴ˿
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챻⣬һϣȻӲǱ۲ۣʲôСôǮǰɣ
ʱǱĿɨӵ֣𣿡
²ŷӦٿؽӽҡ
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һЦ޺мɬǾʱǱܿϵ۶ѧ̫ˣҼǵʱǱûеԣӦѧúܲװɡ
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ĵÿȴŲѣ˸ողںؼСҲ׽ĵ׵Ͳƽ
ǰѾ˼㾡ĶʱǱһĲֵֿɵñˣҪԼֿɵڰ˷Ҳȸ˵ȥﶼ

ЦʱǱľͲ⣬ʱΪʲôΧ󲻸ҳ⣬ʱϵıôֻȫ˵ˮ
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ռˣѣʱǱһӶ
Ц⣬תͷĸ裬ҽԼ˵
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俴һۣܿŮ˽ȥżɽҲǺ˵⼸úÿݣļҵ¼ȡ֪ͨκ¼ȡ֪ͨ鶼Ҫ𣡡
Ůһ޴صͷһֱŵġֻҶܣʵǲ˲û뵽˻ֱӾȡˣҲûǣ֪ô͸ʱүˡ
֪䣺ôһС㶼ã㵽ʲôã
ŮϹǸԲСүûһˡ
ۿϹϵҡҡ׹ʩһ㣬ҼסûһΡ
Ⱥ뿪Ů˷˰㣬һɣֱ˵ϡ


14 
ϳ
ǽʯ·խխֻ˲УߵΧǽסգżз紩ǽͷ֦Ҷ졣
ʱǱ̧ԶΧǽͰĿԽǽͷѻıֽƷһֻ껨èſڱֽϣβҡΣһɨԱߵޱ£ž졣
èըëѸܿʱǱ̧ȣԺڡ
֨ѽһϾɵűƿűĶ̿۾˳Ժվŵİһţ۾㡭ʱǱ𣿡
ʱǱ˭
ҡҽкνܡ޴ץţű֨֨죬Ҫ𣿡
ʱǱĿɨЩû˵
νæʱʦѧ֮ǰʱʦ˵ԺûطססҾ͡
ʱǱЩ𣿡
νܵͷƽʱû¾ȥһЩ
ʱǱߵ޶ǰһ⣬ȻŽһߵĴ̫ռط
νһ㶣æ˹ȥʱǱһޡ
˶û˵ֽ֮󣬺νЦû뵽һ¹Ȼ˺öࡣ
ʱǱͷתҪ뿪
ʱǱ磡ߣνЩִ٣ǰʱʦ﷢һ㶫Ӧģһֱ㡭
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νܰһƺΪʲôôʣȴʵʱʦƬ
νƬʵһСѧҵĺա
ʱδʱǱվڵڶм䣬ȴӤʵһЦüۣһڽСѧûûεУ⻬ͷϱ˸Ү
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ʱǱ߶߶죺ôûкúѧˣ궼꼶һ㻹ҪôţҾͰ˵ǮҲãң
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˵Ҫ˵һУҲ˵ϿԶЩʱ֪پǸͷͷɥĲķӡ
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15 
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λŮʦ˵ЦһѧУôͬ⣬˵ʱǱıƾʵ߾õģ˵ȡȡģ׼ʱǱҪǮѧУҲûа취ֻд顭
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׼ϣɨ˼ۺмЦһ־磬ɼãƷҲôԺٺӴҲ
꽫Žɣ׸˵𣿡
һ۱غϵϣͷȻġ
Ǵ쿪ʼѾעڵľ档


16 
ϳʱǱֱӴȥ˺ݳԷķꡣ
Ҳɣ³Ϳ˳ŵϰ壬ϰ۾һ˲Цӭʱ½һʣ̵ֲģã
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ϰȻȻؽʱǱĻƽһСöڳԺϣʱЦˡ
ʱǱһͷɷһ衣
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ǡϰĶôץ񣬶ֶԼĲޣû˿ûԭ򣬾ֱԼñ𶯡
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֪Ǿ仰С꣬ʱǱû˵ͻȻʱǱֱ˼ӡӣͷҲص
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17 
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󱳵·Ѿʪˣֻɹ棬ڿյҲ֮ͣ˲ʡ
ȴϵĲ⣬ʱǱмͻ̲סɽѧӡ
ɽƶ֮ϣó걻ѩǣ󷨵ʾ˽Ȼͬ״̬ļ紺ļȻɽĸСϣлɽɽķĻ֣ѧźҲеϺ
ʱ׸ڲ֪ⷨ¶ůĺôһװ.
뵽ÿγʱɽ˪ɫխǸɫãװĺóֻϱм䣬¾ӯʱȴԴƮЧĵȰϲʿǰ·߶ЦҲɰ
ɽԺʱȷʵܵòٱƵĶԴԼ󲿷ֲûʯܽõĴ
뵽ʱǱ̲ס͸ַзˡ
ʱǱ̾Ϣתͷ̾ʲô
ʱǱ۲Եĺ󣺡ˮ
ϻû˵˾ȿˣε𣿡
ʱǱĴָǰʦ׼
ʦЦˣôףһͲǱˡ˵ʣ߿Ǵȥ޵ƱǴƱҪǰġ
ʱǱǲȥ޵֪ҵǴȥǡ
ҵ˾һ㶣ȥʲô
ʱǱЦ˵Ƕԭ̬Ҿȥû˹ҵĵط档
˾ӺӾһۣ꿡𪣬һ·ǮʼãɾΪǷٳǮ˼С¸̾ԽǮĺԽ棺ǵϿûʲôģⱱûʶҵҿʶˣ
ʱǱǰ㣺ȥ
ʦȤı飬˻ϻӣȥʮǰˣǻϱϲգıˣΪ׷˺ö˲ҵǵģҵĲ˵ԭ̬ǾԵģĳƬرÿȥƽʱûʲôԼ洬ģǰϵû˴ſɹȥ
ʱǱûϵء
ʦǿɲø㣬ĴûȥǱ߶ҲġҪ˵Ҳ֣ǵһֱ˵ڶߣȥʱܿʱֿһһ˵ǵסأҪȥϵˡ
뵽ʲôֱʣɣ
ʦˣҲõĵģǶǼǰˣֻҪдȥҵҹ֮ǰҲΪʵɣеҵǣǵϵЩ⣬ȥҲϡ
ʱǱʣʱȥԼҵĴǣ
ʦʵҵǵΪϼҾҵģʱҹȥҲǷϴ󾢣Ҫҵˣѡ
ʱǱʦϵûҪ˵˵ȥɣ
ʦҡͷǵȥ껹ǰͲˣԼ˻ҾϵҲܴӦ˺ӾһۣȰ޵Ҳͦ棬ǾȥǶҲͦð
ʱǱóһǮæֻҪӦǮ˵
ʦĿǺƿ˼룬ͷҰʣ
ʱǱЦ鷳ˡ
Ǳ߹Ȼͬ⣬˾ʦ˵˵ֱʱǱ£ǮӵλǿͬǱʾҪ˲ܾǹȥ
ʱǱȻ޲Ӧ
ͷʱǱϿˣǸˣĺȱǮȷȥǱֻǿ羰ҲζǮ֮ǮӦ
ֻϴǰǿϵ˺⣬ǲϵҲûа취Ǯǡ


18 
ʱǱ뿪󣬺ؼҲź֪ûѶ
󣺡Ǵĵ绰ûУͨ
ɫǣǶˣȫǹػ
ȫ˰ɣ湻ġ
üСס
Ʋ죬»صϷϣ˵ˡ
Щԥ̧ۣɫᡣ
꣬˵ʲô
죬ȦЩ죬СҸղȥʱǱ緿俴ˣһЩ¼ȡ֪ͨҲˡ
Ƹ˼ȥˣָſﲻ˵Ǵ浽ѧֱȥ۶
üͷҪ˵Ϳ˿ڣҡͷʱǱ粻ģˣҡ˵ֻģ뿪ѧôãû취ôõģԺѧѺأһġ
ЦҲǰ˵ֻ˵ö٣Ҫʡŵ㻨ѧ궼ûˡ
ô˵Զ΢΢üͷ
Ӳֻһţ˵ˣûǵˣȻΪʲô֮ǰɼô踺أ֪ͨ˴һֱ˵ҧ˵ĹУǼʶˡ
Ŀɨؼ˵ɫģʱǱɼӦһֱǺܺõģ֮ǰֻǺദĲ̫ûǣǳ뿴Цˡ
겻˵ãôһ˵ͽ֮ǰʱǱʱǱҲԺؼҺ޸ļȫ˻뵽ʱǱһȥؼɫ졣
ȥ¡
ҲӦС˵ĶԣСǱҪȥѧУҲӦû˵һʱܵиľͰˡ
Զû˵ȻĬǵ˵
ײˣô£ҷʱǱһϵ۶ѧ̬Ⱦһٰʮȴת䰡תôҲûðǼʱǱԸ˵ҪǰͲúһƲøɸɾء
סһ̧ͷĿעУʱǱҲǼҵһӡ
Ǳݵɫһ£ת⣺ô£ҷִǰ쿪ʼرʱǱ飬Ҳǣ֮ǰҲûй첻ҲûܰôһҪѴҶټ绰һܳʲô£ҵǾֵֹĵġ
󴽽ǽĿ͸ĸʱ˵Щʲôע⵽һߺߣתߡ
ʱڡϾͻظ磬ղȴûи׼ڴ֮ǰκһܳ
⻰û֮ǰԼҳ£ǾʶҪƳ٣ôˣԷ˵ʬ嶼ˣɵԼһûһȷϢúؼ˲òż
ȥ磬ںؼһһ顣
ת»صϣȴֻܿķ֮ǰʿȥ¥Է£Ȼ̫˵ģûˣֻѾع˾ˣҹҪȥ̸ʱ¡
ſӲϵָ˰ףѸתʿ˵Ļ⼸˼ģʱǱܵݺΪһ¶ļ́Ц£ãлл硣
󿴵Цͻ˱飬ԴҪ̫ģ⼸쿴㶼û˯ãúϢ
Ҳǣ⼸ǼӰ࣬һҪǵöϢ˯
ͷĿⲻںϣ΢΢һ٣֪ΪʲôоЩ֡
곤ඥϣ˵ʱǱؼֵҲǲԶˣʤƤ𪣬һ˫ƫԲ۾ˮɣɫʣ˿űף᲻֮ģôҲȷʵûз׵ܵܵĵܵܣǴʱ˿̶ߣĵȴ֪Ϊһ˿졣
̲ס룬ĵܵܲҪ̬ĵܵӦһֻСʨӣצҲ䣬վڽ̨Ͻʦͷ۵⣬Ҳڴ֮д¡ڸġļ顣
ҲʮֽظĵܵжôȻͷ۵ذ֮С鷳ɲΣһֻᷳؽ硱ʱԴε̾
еע⵽˺ɵˮ֮£⡣
֮ǰϲľǺĿ⣬ǳĬǳ绹ΣֻҪ˵ϣܵõ㡣Ȼʱ˿̣ȴʲôһˡ
*
ʱǱ˵
ڵҵ֮ǰ϶δ˵ȥ֮Ҳ֪ԭ򡪡̫ԭʼˡ
ΧΧ洬ϰĸۿȴûм´ôʪĽʯߣһСľ
µֳȣͺ¡ĺڽŻһ˲ںϣֱ˿޹ģ̲ס̧ͷȥǰʲôҲûе꣬ӯڽʯϣһͬһֻŵԱһ̾͵˰ߡ
Ťͷʱ³ߣס˰

죬۵׹â˸
˭
һƤڣˣɫؿǡ
ǹǰ棬õػ˵˼䣬˲֪ΪʮּʱǱƿڴļȴǿˡ
࣬˲תͷǣÿصͨûʲôǻȥܾ˼ǳԣ˼׳˶񣬶һԴĿǡ
ҲתʱǱǵղҲ˵ˣһϵȥҲˣ⵺ûʲôɿģһǻȥɡ
ʱǱʣǾȥתһȦвС
Ϊѵؿһֿ˿ˣǿǮķϣӲͷƤתͷȥ˹ͨȻ̬ʮּߴٴνһͨ˹ȣٴοʱǱʱų;Ա
Ҳû˰취ʱǱͬ⣬߰ɡ
ʱǱɨϷԽˣ֮ǰǲи
ɫ䣬ΧԱߵҲ˲ֱߵһ
ʱǱͳ֤ݸ˵˼ᣬϾģǰʱ㻳к󱻲ɱˣ˳鵽Źġ
˺ɵؿһŽӹϵֺ֤˵ߵġ
үү־ʱǱ˵96ȥ򹤵ġ
һ٣۵׵ĵɢЩ費
һ׳˶˭֪ǲðģ
ȷʵʶ־ʱǱģһ䣬һ޺׵Ц磬ֻǹġ
˵͡
ϸϸϼ룬֪ôȻı̬ȣһɬѶĵػ꣬ʱºϣӣ
ʶʱǱûԲ˹ȥ
ҿ˿ϸһͰЦ⣺үүʱ򳤵ú񡣡
ϴϰڶµģ֪ʱǱô֪үү֣֪ʱǱΪҵɱ֡
ϴͷ˵ûүүҳ֮ǰѾȥˡ
£ɫмֻ㱡
һɣҼﻹүүƬ


19 
ҲҪܻϵүү
ҽţ͹һȫҸһȷʵмơ
үү
Щ£Ƭû˵
ָ˵˵־ʱڵ¼ʱǱһߵͣûþ͵ʱ䣬ϣתʱǱǳԷȥðлڵϰף˾ɣȻ˽һȥԷ
ʱǱٴθܵһ⣬ȴû飬ͷɵõĴ峤
峤£ɫºЩѵܾãŹȥС
ʱǱٴεͷ
Ȼûã֮ǰ׳˶˾·ˣʱǱһڸľּʯݣһʯǰͣ¡
ʱǱĿջأҸպ񿴵ǽߵķӣӿ治һ
ǶС¥Ȼ󣬵ΧУƵϵʮ־£⴦͸ԭʼϢʯݷ
˵⣬ǴҴһƳһʱĺ棬·˷˼־裬ȴҲɷǵãκ˶ܽȥ
أ֮ڲء
ʱǱͷٶʣһʱ𣬺ܿûȤ

ҹǸ߹ҡ
Ϸȥû˯ţӱӶ׵İʱǱô˯
ʱǱ֧°ߣȣԼ˯ɡ
˯šϻӿӣܲһ⣿
ʱǱ˵᲻ţ
򴽣ﲻס
ʱǱʰɡ
֯һ¸ղųԷʱĶΪĵطҲΪҪҵɱҽ֣ղųԷʱ˶ˣСȴ٣Ӧĸ׶뿪ˣӦԭ򡪡Ϊҽһ𣿡
ʱǱЩ죬û뵽תͦ졣
ϼʱǱ֪Լ¶ˣɼվƺͷߺޣɱô˻иҪʲô
ʱǱûо˵ġ֡ʱ䣬ΪʲôҪȥ˲֪
һߵſڵʱǱȥģ
ʱǱûж˵ⲻҪȥȥ
δ䣬Ѿʧǰ

񿿴ΪҪ˯ˡ
ʱǱһ·ϣ˳ͣûҲϨ˵ơԶԶιۣǵ꣬С¥ϡ
ΧͬǣС¥ƻ϶ŵĴֵء
ʱǱһȦʱûʺ͵ȥڣ˸ɶҹ˵ߣ˶㵽һʯݺ棬㿴ǵְƶ˵
˭֪վ洫̸
ʳȥ𣿡
ˡ
ô
ӣǶ
峤Ĭһ£ӾͺãļҲžء
仰£ʯ˲˲֪ãһʣ峤𣿡
峤һԣȷʵĸ˫ҽŮԡ
˾ǸϵŮ˲ȻѾ뿪ȥĶҪ𣡡
ŭȰ̾Ϣʣ֮ʣ
峤˵ܵȵ˵Ǹ𣿡
֪ʱˣ컯ɡ
ʣµʱǱûȥˣΪǱְ࣬ǡҲҵһ͵ȥǰκмֻ֮ʣ˸֮ĻȵӰߡ
С¥㣬ȴһһţһһֿȴֵǣֻ˴ǽ⣬ֱͨǽȡ
ǵ͵ȷֻܾʩߵĴڣںڰڵĻãЧС¥ʯݣûвľڣֻеͰĲľÿȶǲأҪȥס
ʱи߼ķиߵΪ֮ܽϧǣ̫ǳʱǱѾľʱޣ֪С¥ﵽʲôҿŵĴҲ֤ܿ̽ʱҲҪʱ̾衣
Ϊ˱֤̽ʱߣԼȥʱʱҪȥֻʹ÷˵İ취
ʱǱߣߣӣ״Ʋ̫Ը⣬ʵ۵ȫԾԾԣϴˣû뵽ôȥʰǰļ˵ŲһգƹŵС¥࣬ϸңȻҵһˮ
·֮ǰ߷ˮεͿշɹĳɼʱǱԼ߶ȿ϶㣡
С¥ߺͻʯɣϱſһʵŶϸڰأɫ˫Ŀֺڰɫ̫֮ʽǳղյǰȼյĻѣͲӦӦˮϵ
ʱǱھߣҪٹ۲һ£ָ֮ǰ¶Եľ飬¹֮Ȼָն£нŲԶһգ˽ȥ
ˮʱǱһԾ룬ʹ˸¡
ûü²ˮ¶ٶȣ͸о޾ѹصļԶߴƺһ˫³ԾʱǱѸ۾һѪǰˮң̹ǵĺָϣ֮ڶԣĤըѵʹӵͷǣĵʹĺͬʱ棬űɱȻٱ٣
ѣʱ֪١
ϤɤڶߣʱǱþҧ⣬һѪˮ߼ХʱʧǰҲʧ

һĵأЩ־֮ǰҪ͡
ʱǱҧ˫Ĭ䡣
Хڶߣι֮ʹһһӶϡ
ʱǱܸܵԼ֫Ҳʧͬʱ˺ѵʹӵڶ⣬ѪܸŹͣƺ˹Ѫܵһͬѵ
ա
ˣ
ʱǱƽϵʹ֮ɫҲΪ޲
ΨһһźǴӦϰҵȴûŵԣ뵽⾮ĹŹ֣Ҳˣַˡ
һȻַʲôңӦöܱסˣ鰸ϵĽӦøϣúûȥɡ
ʱǱ𴽽ǣɫƽ
̫ǣʼΡ
ƺǽڶԡ
ʱǱ۽޶˶۲ŷԼѾˮˮеһ
³ˮؿܡ
ܵƻͨȴһйԿзյ˺֡
ʱǱ˲ǣװŪվҿǹ
ɱּƣìܵƽ֮£ٴƾƺ󣬡㡭ѱƶ񣬾֮ˡ
֡εĿĲ
ʱǱ̺ȫһδͳɣһ㵴󺰣
ʱ֪٣ô


20 ׽棩

, һƴСĴɫ̣Ÿ׷ͯմ۵ߡ
ϣʱٿ, 䳤üëըʱ֪ûݵһ·ɵʱǱǰ, ָ, ʱǱת֪Ȧ, ǰǰȫһ飬ѿӻȥˣȴЩ㱣㲻ȷʵ
ʱǱ治ɫǰ, װʲôҲûֵӣĵ׷ӿ͵ľκȴƽϢ
ôĵʿ˵, ﲻνĵûĵط𣿻һһ׼ֱӾ˲Ը飿ô
һʱǱѾһξ룬æ׷ȥ, ʱ֪㡪ң
˻, ʱǱĿб, ֱӴӴ˹ȥ, Ȼһ濴ңܰʱ֪ôܿң˭ܿ, ʱ֪ٲܰãȻţʱǱ߱˼ѵʱ֪٣
ܲܡȻòһˣ, 껯ɻҶŵóźӾ, ʱ֪ٲܿҰﲻԾ
ʱǱô, װܵģãȻôʲôûУղж˵
ţʲô˭Ƕ󺰣ҲŲǶޣ㲻Ƕ
ʱǱ˼ûˣҪһ߰ɡ
˵ţŲһתĿбӵٴδ뿪
æʱǱʱ֪٣ʱǱιιι㿴üõ˵𣿣
ʱǱͣ½Ųҿ˿ôо쬵ġ
æܵǰҰܣ
ʱǱԼشԼΪˮɡ
飺ιιι
ʱǱĿбӣû»صˮͨڣƱһ㱡Ĥ赲ˮ֮ǰֿþʱϤɤٴλص˶ߣŲ˶٣̧
ɵؿǰһۣһתһ֮ôҲˣ
ʱǱ̧Ľһʶˮ
üë𣺡Ȼ㣡
ʱǱҲӦˣĵװһݣղô˵
֪㣡βϵˣҾ˵ôܿңһС־˰ɸĺ
ʱǱ治ɫȻˡ
߾һֱıǼϣݼô𣿣
ʱǱݲȥˣô
ߣҲôأԣôţϸʱǱһӣҪСѰ桯һϲ㡣
ʱǱüôһʧ
ӵɴ󣬿ãŤͷرʧ֪Ӧúܸ˰ɡ
ʱǱ۵˵˭
飺ȻǡͻȻüٴδսʱǱɵ㲻Ϊ˵İ֮ɣ
ʱǱƮһ˲ָ˲Ǽ⣺ôܣ
飺ˣ
ʱǱԻ˭ˣתͷ˿ܣˣأҲסţ
Ĭ˻ſڣˡ
ʱǱһ˵Щʲô´ʲôʱ򣿡
ϣû֮󡣡
ʱǱ΢Ϊң
˵ͷҡͷһӣ㿴ɡ
һƬˮĻƾճ֣ˮģ֮䣬Ӱʪͨ
̲ȻƬĻϵȴȾŨصΨеӳ̲ݵ˫ɸɾᡣ
ӰĻ֮һµӰҲӽǣͨ꿴飬͸ˮĻʱǱĽ£
ܣǵ˵ȥؿ䲻ˣҲһȥаԽķ飬ҼǵСʦ˵Ǳߵĺ⣬ǿԣҲȥ𣿡
˵ǰ˼ңҶҵҽ㣡
ĿⰲỺƽ֪ǰǷ˳ǳأҽҲβҡ
ţȥ㣡ٵǰ͵ˣǱһҽ
һ㶣ƺǻһ˲갡굹ǲԶˡЦЦİղӭɽˣҲˡ
ʱ֪ٵûйϵܽǻΪһ̸
ЦһȣΪβܻΪһ̸
ǡ
ҵĿԴƽʱ׵϶˿Ѫɫֹ̧סҪ˵Ļ΢ſڣ̣ȴСʦܡҲΪСʦֲĴڣСʦֶҵξ֮޷ˡ
̼ǵܡգҶ췢ģպҪ壬عһڵȴѲ֪ΪΪһСʦȴ޷סһɫһףסؿڿ
㵱ʱȥҲûסû־Ҵַʱ֪ٵʱ㱻ɽбչ˼֪Ҳ޷һ֮ɰ!˽֪ʱ֪ɱʦ֤ʹ˶ħаħ˵ö֮޵߹ʶô죿ħ֮ײϣܴ֮ˣο㡪
ҡͷСʦֲûײϣħĶΪСʦִδ˺޹֮ˣֻǵͬѣʦ֮¡ǵ£֮ΪҿϣҲҪھĥ༸СʦȴѾתĻᶼûˣܡ
סɢ˿ڣתͷʱ޿̲ڻں޵ûСʦһͬ뿪ɽܣȰұЩ֮˵Աҿ⣬˶룬һоͶȻˣվȣվַΪЩˡСʦֱ˵Щ˱׼Щ˵ԣŻὫСʦֱǷءЩûվˣѵǰ𣿡
ܣľ޴Сʦֻ᲻Ҳң꿴ܣĿȴʱˮĻ䵽ˮĻϡ
ʱǱĬ򴽣ĵ׵Ҵû㣬ҲĴ
Сʦʣ˵ҡ۾΢΢һֱȴʵ᲻ˣǵҰɽƼǵƬ⣬ɽܻǵøҴ֪˶ĵط˵ǵǰҺѣҲԳɼѣӿɽƽץסҲֻһ˵˼ʱֻЦһˡΪΡΪλ³δκ飡
Ǻһ³ʺѪҺ
ͣ
ѸٿͣˮĻеҲȻŴ
ܵȲȥˣڷŴϣǰʱǱûҲûҲ֪Ϊһѹģ㲻ѹǲǣ
˹ѸȥߵչҲҹɫϢԽԽ΢һ˿ⱻڰûʱ۵׵ĹҲˣ˿Ļܣұӵһƺ֮ն֮ϵ֮Ҳɡ
ܴұú֮ס̣ӴҲɢ䣡
Ц㲻ԸǿɷӦһ󣿡
ŭӦ
ȥɷȥϣҵļ˴ݣһ˳ǳס±ãǿԣշһ
ҲŲסΪ۵׵Ĺ⼴Ϩ̧֣ŰƴܣЦЦʵиܣһֱδκˣҲֹСʦܣ˵ˡ̧֣þȫעǰİУػ
£⶯δĻû¶ˮĻȴѾɢ
ʱǱճȭĿûˮĻǽ棬òŻعɤ΢ƣôġ
ܹһŴ𣺡㵽һĴѰһԵѶҲɲţ㡪ǣ
ڿ̽ķɣʱǱܵĻ
ҡͷҧвϣһЩˡ
ʱǱһ۵ˮѪɫ
˲˵ͨһʱֻʪĿ
գ΢˶Բ׽ˡ
ʱǱͬʱ
ֻǸСų߿ϵ۾һĿתʱǱʱӶתǡ
ʱǱ΢ȣôС
ܼƺѸپ͵ĵûûΣ֮ǰаרиڳӤһ峤һѣұؾЩи
ǵ̵飬ԲΪԲǿҲְֻ취ˡ
ʱǱ˵ͷһѱŵ߹СŮ˶תͷȥɡ
ܲԣǰ·
ʱǱܵͨ･۲Χ󷨣СôԼܳ˵ʱסŮ̽룬üˮϵ
һοʱ䣬˿̲˵䲻ʱǱһ˶ûе˵쵱Ĭϡ
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СŮɬһЦסʱǱԴĲ
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ߣôϲôҪ˵֪ʧԣתƻ⣺ˣȥɣ
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˲֪ãʱǱվܣ˰ɡ
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ʱǱЦЦۿһҷģѵû͸ˣ
𣿡ƺǲʱǱ˵˺һһֵʦΪ㼸ҪЩ˲ŶΪûɽݣȶȥͰ֮һܿǴþ춯أݺȶͿ̿Ͳȫȥˣ
ʱǱţôܡ
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ԶԶ̧׷ȥѾӰ
߶һҲӲĶԻﷴӦ˹׷ȥ߿鼫Ʒʯߴʱ֪ˣһԲԪ𣡡


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ƣǧٰϿ, ͬݡ
·̨״üͷ, ǻĳƼ, ۼ˴Ʋ, Ҳ˲˹أʰϣ¿д𸴣
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꣺ɽϸߣ, ϻ׷ѯʡ
ϣ½ħ, Ҳһչ, ɽԵ˳ȵĴ󵽰Խ, ֽ˽Ĺʡ
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λĿӢ꣬ظ·ڲǰҲûֱۣһâֱʣйȫջأһ˿޵Ϣٿſ۾ɫҲһ˱仯Ϣʱ
δ䣬ѻһ㣬ͻƲ㣬·ҵȥ
ȻĽƺ͵Ͻɵ󷨽棬޷죬׵粻ֻۣҪھͿܱ޲𹥻ܵ󷽣ڽƵĴ׳̶ȣ֣ô׽١캦Ļ£ǵ츣ĺء
˼룬ף۵һƬãȻоˣʱϢôˡ
䣬ͼµ׽±ȥŷ췣˿̶ɽ֮ûɢݵ֮
⡭۾һ̲ס̧ӣһӴ׭̷ĵĿǼϷ󣬱ԴδйٶȳҲ׽һȥ
һ㣬ɱ絲סѾںˣŵϷ꣬׽ˮϸ¶º͵ΪؾͻΪ𾪵һŴ죺˵еүιԣ
̲סʼ⼸ǧ
й𣿡
˲֪㼫Ϊ˯СĵܵܶʱҲڳ˯ֱ֮սųء
ɼˣǸԾڣ֮Ҳ˲٣ȷʵδС콵꣬ɽٻΪԵ¡
˭
̲ס磬ٴαȵ׽ٳɢȥϼ£ź֪ͳһżżΪ𣬷硣
Χһһ˽ԲڣǼף½Ųӵ죬˿Ҳǲģ̤˽ȥ
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ߣ˽ʱǱľؿͨ͸û˿ۼ
˿ѸٷɵʱǱߣһȦ̲ס棺֮ν治аϷʹδ׽ٻΪֻиûΣˣϵµһˡ
ʱǱĹһѽ񡣡
£ոѾ䵽׵ںڳϣ˾Ͷ䣬ɻҡ
һ㶣ϵ˷ȥżֽдʱǱɫ
ڷԶնϣϸĶס˴üۣƤϣγǿҶԱȡ
䣬͸Ŀһеġ
ʱ֪١ţ̧ʱ̾һȥˡ
ʱǱ΢̧£ɫؿ޳˫֣ȥˡ
ã͸ŲһϢգ۾ļȥ۵ĲɷЦ⣬ǵӦʦɡָӹ鷢̫ˡ
б仯һС
ʱǱܿá
ι׷ʱǱ󣬡ҼͷܺõģЩС޵ͷɶҼģ
ʱǱǸСޣ¶ѹҲβģˡ
궯ż˵һ䣡
ʱǱһ㣬գۼ䣬˾ʧܵ߷Χڡ
ʱ֪٣ڰ˲𰡣
ʱǱЦŷ紫Ҿͦ˲𡣡
峤ʯ⣬Ѿվ˲ִ񣬿ʱǱԶ
ʱǱ̧֣з罫Ƿ𣬴㵣ͼü۴ЦѾǰʴ峤峤ʦ𣿡
峤һֱ߰ʾƺһߵͷС
ȺУиڵļ֣́ʱǱʹ峤ߵ֮ǰ濪꣬˶˵ջԵġ
ʱǱǰһžӳһҪ󣺡Ҫ˧ġ
׷ʱѾˣֻԼ๤Ҳͣ޵ʱǱ˵ĺ󾱷˵Ķǰ鷢ȫһ顣
Ѱ˿ܣʱǱҲֱӵڣƽ˳ˡ
ͷộʿ֮磡ɾ֮ˣ
ʱǱͷܵĽسĺӵл
ںæ֣ǴӵЦ⣬ǵϵ˸лл㡣
峤ִ˹ʱǱɾǵÿ˶ѾĨһѪˡ
ʱǱͷܣ㲻ȥ
ܺһʧ
ǲ֪ʱǱ˭˵峤ȴܿɫмܳϺ˵ɾһȥǵûʲôֵǮֻһµı׸ɾ𣬻ɾ¡
ʱǱá
峤֣ܳϸˣðΣգǲҲҪлҡŵؿһֵķ򣺡ǱﱾҲĶ
ʱǱȤҵĶ
ǵʲôʹУҲһʱõĶȻѾͣȻҲ͵Ķġ
峤ͷת½á
ûһŸɫĺ˳
Ǻӿƽƽ棬ʱǱѾϢ󷨺ͷģҲǸӵĲʡ
ʯ
ʯա۶ĶŽȥɵĴСҲϢڣκκΪ޷̽Ķ
˵浽׷ʲôӱѾ޼֮
û뵽һز¶
ʱǱЩ٩Ц⣬ڱձд򿪵һɲǣϡ
ȻصѹʹúΪͨǶϥһڵءʱǱʱعƺһ˫ȴ
͸Ⱥֵķ򣺡ܡ
ĵǺ濴ȥз紵ľ죬Ǳ߿һˡ


22 
޳
峤Ѿ, ֮ǰܳӸǰλʱ˵˿ܷŭŭ˿ܻ˵, ȻȻûˣӴһ˲, Ȼŷ, ȴ纮̱, һߵĸо޷ƽ
ʱ֪١ܴзɳʱǱһ˲Ȼһһܸ, ǧѹ÷ˡ
ʱǱ۵ص, ȻЦһ
ҵ֪һҲȺͺ¿һسɷˡƺüЦԽЦԽЦ, һ, Ų˲βٵˮ, ǽվֱ, 㲻ʺϸ
ܶ, Բ
ʱǱľʯ飬ĿȴƿԶ, ֮, һףҡ
ܳĬؿת뿪, ڵϣƺͨʯӺʯ飬̾˿ѺӸҡ
峤ѾסһҲҶܳæӵ˹
ܽʯͷŽ̧ۿϿա
֮ܲһʺ磬Ǻ⣬Ҳղ˫ˡ
ܳϡ
ӻǷɡ

ܿʱǱ뿪ķ򣬡Ҹˡɵ峤ͷϣ·Ѱ汲峤ͷЦԺңͽˡ
峤Ȧӵܳϣġ
ܵ㻯һ׷ȥ
û׷һײˡ
˼˿ȴ̱ײʮס
κԴŽ˭ײүүɵ۾Ϳ˾ΥĹ
ܡҲô˹飬ǰܵỊ̇㻹𣿡
Ļȥ˵ʲô
˻طʣдŵǰ𣿡
ܣ
ܣôһ¡
ѽ̫ˣѾˡؿһøƵĵ岻ǲ׼϶ʳİɣϽȥɣʱܷ
ҡͷǱ·Ըġ˳ܵ󿴣һֱϷʲô𣿡
ʡʲô⣿⣿ҾһܸյʱǱʱȥλ粻ĴħͷҪˣȻһԲѣԼСҪʲôѾûˣȥɡ
˼ҡͷ»飬ڲȥ
ܼˣ岻²𣡶˽綺ҪܷʲôǱ·ôһ
βһѪ಻ˡ
֣ܰܵĻû˵ڣȻһ٣ࣿĥãٿ̧ͷʱǱʱĶӣ
˵ͷȻʱʱ
һõõãʱʱ֮ҪǼʱǱ˾ԲҪ£Ҫ˾԰ҵ˼˵˵ҸʱǱ˸¹ڣǷ𣿺ô´лȥҲǱ˵ˣҾ˼㶮ɣ
ûлɣͷܣҶȥҲҪκйص顣룬ΪΪû
ܼסˣ˿ﻹϸ˵ʲô֪֪ܵˡ
Իһ䣬һһ۵Сۣһôˣһôʸղŵ׽١
㡭
ҡ
ˣ˵
Ҳ˵һ仰ʮ˵һӣѾˣȻ׷ʱǱˡһھٵһе½ͲдԱ㰡ˡ
̷ɳףָס粽ö
ţм£
ЩΣղŵʵ̫죬󶼻д·Ūʲôûġ
֣Ҹղʱ򿴵һ١
㿴ˣܴʣ㿴ʲôˣ
˱ϣһŷӦҿһڡ
ѽܼˣ˵㿴˭ˣʲôӣϲʶ
㶣һ꣬ݣʶ
˿Ǿ͡һͨĵҲҺǲ٣󷨳ɹ׽١
˲⣺׽ȴδ˺
ʵʱ˰֮ܽʾ֭ʮĽƱ磺ʱӦÿϵѪ˰ɣһһ·Ⱦˣµģѵ˵û˺û׽ٴˣһĨ֮Ϊһ
֮ૣ˵Ļ
֮֮һƾΪ޿t÷˵õԣسʱĺ֮һƾ˳ɳֻǧǰĺؾгֹҲˣؾűؾʱܾȥؾк֮֡
ֻ뵽ؾ˾Ͳɱ뵽֮ǰǸˣȻ뵽ǧڻЦյı¡
̾ĶᵽɤۣΪûϹĹɽӣѵǧȥ˶ˣ
лֽ󡣡˱ȭһһ
ܴϲϲüңúúã´μһȾư
ؼ
ڿնһҶ۽סƣʵٶȼʧǰ
ĨһѶͷϲڵĺʱ֪øߣүүΪӶдˣҪҲҾȥҰ֮ˡ
*
ʱǱصʯʱѾʹ˵˺þá
űƿ̧ͷϸ˵ɫûüڳŵɫˣôһѪ
ʱǱִһӣ˼·߻ߵû£ߡ
ϱţƹȥ鿴һ£ʱǱ·µıԼûߵߺѣ˲ƿߣȻҲˣϹ⻬𪣬Ӧûˡ
ʱǱѸٻ·ע⵽ϻڷסһ
񣬡
ʱǱ˸ߵͷͼ֮ǰļ˺ʹ峤ڣԱ߻һҴ󴬣Ȼ˵ϺʱҼª洬Ǹɾˡ
ʱ峤ﻹ㽶׺һЩˮЩųԣҲûʲôĶЩСزˡ
ʱǱˮлŲһ˴󴬼װϡ
Ҳ˷£׼ȥʹ峤кѾˡ
Ҫһ׼ͣԷʱʱǱղҿ峤ôЩӡ
ʱǱһ㣬ϸСĴֽ̺ˣûʲôȤô֪
СʱǱƺЩ仯üۣ˲֪ǲǴʱǱȥ֮һЩ仯ϻ϶ЩˣҲ˵
֮Ӻÿˡ
ޡҡͷһ˿һ˹˼ҸÿǸˣҪҲЩ£δװЩеûĻ
ʱǱͼһŤͷ̽ӻתĸǶƵģüһ㲱ôˣ
ϣûʲô
ûʲôŤʲôʱǱ֣ҪҰšһ¡
Ͽǰָ⣬ͻȻЩ̣æתƻ⣬Ϊʲôֲˣǲ𣿡
ǵʱǱθһ򲻴һϲʳ֮ǰƵﳱ˵ıȫǮ˵ӡ󣬲֪ôһֲˡ
ʱǱ۵ѩ׵⣬Ųߣûθڡ
ϼɫ뵽һû˯Ҳû롣
ҪҪ˯һ£Ǻмӿƴɴ뵽ʱǱ׻Ǯ˼ҵүЩɣǼȻеխҲ˯һµġ
ʱǱҵϷһȷʵмַ꣬ȥľҲǲС
ϼʱǱҲվæǰæҪѰӴϡ
ʱǱŪˣžС
ȴ֣һ϶û˯ôҲҪϢһɣȻӲ˵㣬ܱ
ʱǱ㲻֪֮ϢǴ˯ʲô
£С˵͵ȷʵôһ˵ƺȷʵûмʱǱӴ.Ȼǳȥˣ֮ǰסھƵʱʱǱĴҲ˯ӡ
ʱǱ˿˳۵İ£ȥǱ߰ɣҴ
תͷռ򵥣һԼװͺһʡUοŴڵʣƤ棬þ˪ѿѣɢ۵ϢΨǵϵ꣬ɢǽһһɢȴɢݵĹ
Ȼ֪ʱǱ֮ͥǰҲδй̫룬ɲ֪ǰγɵĶԱȶ˳ԭ򣬴ʱ˿̣ͻȻеԲλࡣ
ȻˣҲ֪ΪΣһЩ
ƿߣã˾仰˵㲻ǴΪʲôȣ
ʱǱëûһ£ɤûһ仰⴩
ϣ
ʱǱЦһǡƲó
ǰ۾ֻǳǳһ㴽ǣȴ׹˵ŻһЦ
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˷ɻʱǱϸմӺվ¥¡һһ󣬲ü̧ͷһܲƣ
ÿ͹ǣһŲæϳĽгƴģ⳵˲ġ
ʱǱͷʣüҶ˶ʶɢȴûв׽ʲô
æ⳵Ǳ˳ӣæ򿪴λһͿ겻ǸôŶӾҪСʱˡ
ɾĵˮͽӡܶ࣬ճվ¥иû⣬һҪˤɷ򼱵ôУΧҲ׷׿˹Ȼݵڣ˭Ҳûæס
ڴΪиˤʱ֪һ꣬иƶûʿȴȷסˡ
ллװĵ˶ѸסӣʱǱһлϵĸмͺ¼̫ллͬѧ̫ллˡ
иҲµطŶӣɷһʱǱл
ʱǱ۲¼иûʲô⣬ڰ֣֮͡
˼⣬ĸйٸӺã˵Ǿ֮ͣǼ˵ȴǾ֮ע⵽ʱǱһˣʣҪȥǸջҪϵʽʱҺٵŸл
ʱǱھܾˣҾ֡
һգ۾ûʱǱˣһգ۾ͼѾסҪˤи˿Ͻ˹
⳵˺ö࣬ӦֻҪŰСʱ;ܵˡ
ʱǱͷ˵ˣˡ
ûгӰɡ˸վҪЩʲôرһ£ϵĻסʱǱĻɣ̫ѵˡ
ʱǱ˳˵תͷͿԱߵһSUV
˵΢±ˡ
ʱǱûپֳܾɵĳûвĵ
ԽԽSUVʻ˻Ļͨ˸١
ԣи˳˵л֮һ·϶߶߶ʱǱ˵Ըҵ˵òһģҵǴѧ˵֮׵ĺӡ
νϼҽӵ޳ǣҲΪúڸõҽ½ܿóԷమ
ʱǱϲ£Ҳͦóྣ˲һظл֮ЩҲýζʱʱ䣬ٿһ룬Էڲٽ״Ӹղŵﻺ˹
ԸԽʱǱ˵ԽϲСʱҲԵ֣ϵʽ޳ǵؽҲ˵жͣѰңһľ㡣
ʱǱҪӻһ͵͵.
ԸæתͷʱǱҲ͸ӾЩ԰׵ɫʶƺܾû˵ˡ
ôˣû°ɣ
ҡͷϸһЦҼš
Ը˿ĶӵС۸裬ְôʰ㡣
⻰һ䣬Цˡ
ˡüͷҾҡ
Ըֽôôˣ
ʱǱҲмֽţκʱ򣬲Ƿ˻ߣֵġ
㿴ǵı飬̲סЦˣƵϲˡ
ǰǷԸת˽ȥͣóɡС³ʱǱϣô꣬ǾͱˣϾͻ
ŹϣŸղˮȳ복ᣬʱǱ֪ΪΣĵͻͻЩ
ٿش򿪳ţ˵˾䣺ѸٳС
SUVͣڲǰ治Զֻͣĳ࣬Ҫƹܽܡ
ʱǱߵü죬͵˹ſڡ
вûˣŮ˵棬֪ŶӻǵˣʱǱǰһԸҲܾȣʱСܣôˣ
ʱǱʣȥˣ
Ը磺ӰɡЦЦʱǱѾкˣϲʲôĿЩǲҲҪϲǱ߲ҪŶӣ㡭
ʱǱһ㡣
ԸɫãȻʱǱصɫҲЩæӨӨ
ûжԸɫ΢䣬ϽŽ˺ü
Ŷӵǿżˣæǲʲô£Ҫǰæ𣿡
ʱǱһֱſʶûв׽κħȷԼĸоԲԣûֱŮ飬ֻܶ˵ܰǽȥÿŶһ£ûһӨи
и˱Ҳͷͽȥˡ
˷ͷжܿͽһ飬ûκλӦԸѾϾҪȥ
ʱǱҲ˲ôˣǸиεˣҪһ¡
ղСʱǾ͸оʲôʱǱǳ˵Ļûķ׷׶˵ûϵ
Ը缱һʱǱĿɨû˵ĿλסղŵСõû˻Ӧ𣿡
һСæʱǱȥ
ʱǱһ߿ţȻ棬Ͱϣ·룬һⷭĵڣûȫȥ뿪ƶҲԶˣ˿ڴѪֹмһص·ѾȾ죬ǽѪС
СﱻⳡŵüźˣԸæ˹泡һˤڵء
ʱǱ̽̽ıϢֻпʱһֱŵļ㸹ϣһסʧȻ˱
Ը磬ߣ
Ը㱻񣬾ͿʱǱܣʶȥ
ʱǱĻôУɡ
ӶôһӣȾô죿
ŲæܵԼʱʱǱѾƽ˺ǣʱǱϾȻûκαˮܹĺۼ
㵼ҽԺԸϽϳȥҽԺ
Ը˲䱻ⷬɢֻʣѪӣϳһ߷һ߶ʱСܣܻ𣿡
ʱǱϵظе̥ԺɺĻظӿ֣˱˫ۣɤȴᶨһܡ


23 

޳ǵҽԺﲿ
ֵ, ˣҽԺȴϰϰﲿѵõЩ, ʿһ˻죬˵賿Ĳȶ, һ󾪺ӡ
ҽûҽȾţ
ʿǡù, ûü˭˵, ͼ֪ʱѾһ꣬ﱧŸѪиڻʿǻûӦ֮ǰҵƴ, ˷ȥ
һں棬ʿ۵ױųĹâʿҽȾţ
ʿæӦ, ȥкҽȥ¥Ͻиҽ
ʿжҽҲܿˣûһͽӨƽҡ
ʱǱԸſ, һʿŲҴߵǰмܣʲôѪͣ˿ôģˣ˭Ǽ
Ը˼, Ǵش
ش˿ôʱ, סҡͷҲ֪ȥ˲, ӡӶ, ֻûˡ
ʿ״ΣֻȽҪļȻͳһŵӣ鷳ǩ֡
Ըȫˮͺˮ, ץűʺüд֡
ʱǱ̾˿, ַ, źۼһ˿ȥ
Ը羫һǩֽӵݸʿȻͬһ㣬ǽ˵ϡ
ҵĵϹˣԸ״û˵СĿʱǱ
ʱǱ΢΢ҡͷȭͷһߡ
ллԸǽվظһ飺лл㡣
ʱǱлɩӲµġ
Ըͷǿǣ仰
ʱһȥﲿƺǵʼͱæµҽﲿûеĽͳ֡
ϳȥһֻЩԵģʱǱ˼ڣԸһû˶ûȰҲûпⰲοߺ˵Ƕ֪ʱ˵Щʲôá
һСʱҵĵˣҽʿ½߳Ըӭȥ
Ը翪ڣҽ͵ӷǳǿͺӶƽڻ۲죬ҩ˾ͻ
ллҽллҽ
Ըһصлҽ飬ĵ˼뿪
ʱǱҲ˿ȻסͺӵƽǺӵƺһЩ֮ǰûҲȷǸӵܻܲ᲻⡣
뵽ʱǱ۵׻պš
Ϊ֮Ƚ⣬ԴһԪԪʼ֮ǽ֮ѹɵĲ봢ڽ𵤵ͬԪʼ֮ʶʵʶҵԪӤܴ֮һԪʼ֮ڻʶЩԪʼ֮֮󣬸вͬľĹЧ
ʱǱһδѲĵƣû뵽֮ʶɻһЩ֮ǰûҪϵȫǻˣֻ֪ˣµԪʼ֮˵е̥ϣһЩ
Ϊ벻ȻƤӵ¶֡
ʱǱȻû޻ʶȴûʧֻڵʶ̫Ӵ󣬷޷ܣֻܿСһ֡
֮ƾʹСˣٴʱ˿̣Ѿ˽𵤳ڵʶټǶеҪʶûпܣѾԪӤϣӵпʶޡ
ǰ߻ǺߣóЩʿΪƶ֮ءҪǣʱǱ벻ɱЩиȡЩӤܹһԪӤڴֻ˵һӵرʿ棬Ըð׽պΪ޷ķ
ˡ
ϵڶʱǱ̧ͼԽ㱻ҽ˳ѾˣԸ糶ЦЦȻر۾
ʱǱûиԸһȥʱϵͷͬһ𣿡
ʱǱǡ
ȭͷǽҧҪʣǡ
ͼʱǱٿ̧ĴֻһƬʧڴߵ½ǡ
ʱǱ
ʱǱӼﲿĶ¥£Ŷһ·¥߽һѾĻ԰
ɡ
з紵԰޶
ʱǱû׽Բأָһ̧һԹľ죬Ҷ¹һֻֻԲСԴ
󡣡
С궥żƬҶӣ鲻ԸشҶ˳ϴԸ˦˦ϵҶͻҳֳʱǱʦء
ʱǱ룬һ˲ѾǰСԲ۾ĺƤ
ѾȫˣԲ¹ߣɲ֪ôǱһƵģΧ
ʱǱڲҪ۾ҲС걻һ׿ڴֻ˸Դ棬ͬʱһֻѾƾд˵ѻ
зӶԹʱǱ۵ɱ⻮̧ʱһƺ֮
һ̣ʱǱһƳǱȥƺδ䣬һҽѾ
˱ԳΣǸȫںɫñ֮еˣ¶棬ѪԹ·𴩹˲ϣֱֱʱǱϡ
ɰɳ˭ļţ
ʱǱһѾǰں˵ɴ˫űЦ͸ĶĤ֣ڶ֪
֪ں˭ԣ
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ʲôҲûУôᱻסѵǶ
˴ɻ󻺻ͷһĿѡǽڷǰСѪ䣬ֵֻƣѾš
㡭պճñͷĶ󻬣¶ףôɡܣ
ʱʱǱ֣ҲûжסĴѪҺȪ㱬ʹˣҲɱ˼Ρ
ʱǱĨȥϵѪҺǲ˵⣬ͷѻڵĽëϻմɺѪ飬¹£ɫȴ޺ʲôôܣ
˺ȻأʱǱμʱܿʱĻҳ˸Լתʱָһ㣬һοĻںϣ̼ʧ÷δֹ
С±һźһУ߳˻԰ԶըëƵģʱǱؿڵ·һ̾ϣβͶûסһӳҡ
󣡡
ʱǱһָƿԴǺֲǺ깷ҡʲôβ͡
Сβһ˲һʱǱ˹
ë׵βɨգͺëƵģػͦ
ʱǱȥӵֶ˶٣ֻźشָåƵĵβͣ˦һ¡
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˫צӳӰͷ
סԺǰʱǱͣ½Ų˸ɢȺЩͤ£ֲ˸磬ŰСʯϡ
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Сɵؿһۣƺɻô֪Դһ᣺󣿡˵ʲôӡ
һһ۵Сۡ
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˵ͷҲؾߣ߼͸оһ紵ϵСѾԴϣ֪ǲǿָߣĸצӰԴͷƤ
ʱǱ˻һСԴժĺ󲱾ҧвԴϰҾԷɺô·ġ
СɵĻëը𣬲ʾػצԲ۾һˮί
ʱǱò֪ôЩҲ󲱾Ϊţɢ㲻˵ߣ
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СһҲ˵ôʱǱϣƨɶ
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С䶯˶һһ㲻ܶҡ
ʱǱ죬СӲû뵽˵֪Ĳ²ǰ궼ûаɣ
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һ룬ʱǱѵõ۸СĲ
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Сı֤תͷŽɵؿһۣ׽߾ѸתͷȥҪ֤
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С꿴ָ෢Ǽָţ
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ʱǱ֣Ǻ˭
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СƿߣҲܸ㣬Ӧһ¡
ʱǱЦˣУٻһΪʲôҪɱи
СĿһۣȻѸٵͷСҲ֪
ۿʱǱΣСΣеΪԼ⣺Щ˺öģÿζһֲʶǣ֪˭ѵҵĴ𣡶ҡֲһɱˣô֪ΪʲôҪɱи
ʱǱ˵кܶˣ
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⣬ʱǱСʱҪҺڻشҪ̸Ϊһ°ɣ˵˵
С۾һӦ𣿡
ʱǱ˲֪
С꿴üۣԥһ£ƺ¶˾ĲſڣҾȺý㡣
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С꣺ЩץˣЩˡ͵͵ʱǱı飬̵ɱЩи֮󣬾ͻźýԵЩиࡪ˵߷߲ƽǲǺýԼԸģϲĶҥģǲŲǶأ
ʱǱÿɷʵúʲôϵ
С꣺չҵˡƺһ䣺ͺҵһ
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СسĬ˺ܾá
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СѸֽ˻ȥԪ飬ᴿȻΪãЩҪ˵ʱһ߹۲ʱǱɫһ΢΢űƺʱ׼ߡ
ʱǱɫûʲô仯ʵҲȷʵӲȤ˵κ˶ܶӸȤΨ
Сеģָоôģһ䣺ҵԪ𣿡
ʱǱЩ˵Ҳţ
СͷղŶˣ㡣
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ҡҡͷˣԸȥչɩӰɣţʱǱӦúܿˡ
ԸҲǿĬһ¶ϵȥӨӨԵģҪ˹ֱӽȥɡ
ϴӦת뿪
ûһʱǱʹؿСˡʹ˸۷ֻҪС겻ûܿ
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ɱ˰ǣñи㣬Ļ֮ƺصúʱǱû֮ǰûϣԱܿ⣺ôԸأ
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ʱǱͷתƿţ˽ȥ
ϸʱǱ󣬿Ѿ˯Өѹǲ㻹Σգ
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˴ӨʱӭͿһɫҴҵϷ򸾡
Ϸ򸾿ʱǱҲ£еϷ˻תͷһ۲ȷ
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ʱǱû뵽һΪϷ޾ȻԸĸĸ֮ǰԸ˵ҵļʷΪԸ粻ǼҾһǸĸﲻæϷԳţֳʱȾʣǺ帣ģ
ʱǱûʣѧòĿγ̻û£Ϸ޺Ըüƣĸ֮ǰԸ˵ǼٻʲôɣҲȥ̽˼**
ڻԸ˳·һ̣·Ǿ͸ˡʱǱ򵥽һ£ÿӣλȥɡ
Ϸ˶࿴ʱǱһۣ˶ǿЩοʱǱʵڳúãʹͷɣĻҲº˺ࣺܶˣһɡ
ƺͰʵĻʱǱЦЦŽȥˣ˼ҿİ˴ԼҶϱҲ֮飬һҲûʲô
ֻû뵽⡰һ˶Ӵǰ˺ؼˡ


24 

Ըĸĸû, ˣɫܲ԰ףž񻹲, £漴ЦЦ, Ǵк
ϱ˵˼仰߾͵ʱǱϣֳҪ, һԵϷֹˣϸշ룬ôܶ
ҡҡͷ, Ҫ˵Ըͻˡ
ˣԸ࣬ߵ˲ԣҪʲôﲻǶˣ
ЦЦ, , Щ
Ըںò, ͼ֣صسʱǱлСʱллҺҵĺӡ
Ϸһ㶣Ը, ԸҲʱǱ
˵ҲҪ˵ģֻǵлĴ̫ˣܾûг, ղҾҪôܱ㡣Ը, Щ˼֮ǰ̫ˣܶûע, Сʱ, Ǳ˰ɣ
һ, ʶʱǱ
ʱǱȴ֣֮ǰƲᱻѡϣ֤Ըһ汲ߣеļ崫žû˺ģԼ֪ҲҸղϷ򸾽ʱͷˣ϶ĺۼǼڣǿ˳һңҲȥֵЧ
Ը̳Ϲô꣬ϵı黹ʲô׵ġ֪ЩʿأԸ΢ķ˲ݣʱȲǳ£ԽһأĴĵлʱǱ
Ը֮ӿȪ౨ûбı£ȥܶõģֻƱˡ
۵׻һ˿죬һ۲ϵ㣬ȴû˵
ʱǱû˵ᣬҲûȥֱԵ»˱ҲȣҪ˵ĻһǱˡ
ԸȴʱǱƴǣ£ʵҲ˵һ㣬ǰʱԼҷ˳µֵ÷зʱû޳ǣ˵Ҳû̫£鷢ˣʲôף㣬ӨӨͺӱɡʱ¶˵ȷʵǴ£˵ȵȫҵҡȻֻԼҵϵԸ֪Ĳ࣬Ҳ֪޵֮ϣƱҲȫ
Ը˵ʱǱĬ˼룬Ӧ
Ʊȥȥòһ£Ըԣ޵֮µĻԸһֱ̻̲ա
ȻʱǱӦԸ糹˿϶Ц⣬˵Ҳָ֮ǰ⣺ƱڼһҾ͸ȡ
ʱǱͷˣԸ尢ˡ
Ϸ֮ǰͬ⽫ѵõƱ͸ʱǱղһҲ֪գ֪ʱǱݣҪ뿪ڲϲ֮⣬Ƕ͵˵ݿڡ
뿪ҽԺ֮һֱĬϲŵڣ»кܶ𣿡
ʱǱؿѾòͷСָ꣬в˼Դᡣ
ǡԼ״Էſڵľͽڳϵĺ޲ûɱ֮ǰǸ֪ģаôֹǣ
ʱǱСըë֮ǰָ֣Ħ󣺡δصа
ϣʲô˼
ȥЩ֪ˡʱǱת˼Ȼһȥ˺ؼҡ
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ڶһ磬ʱǱͽӵԸĵ绰ȥƱ
ϵķţϢƽȴû˻Ӧǻû˯ѣʱǱҲûãŲһת˾Ƶ꣬ſȥ֡
޳ΪʷĻǣǼŶʷǲ˵Ϊξÿĸ֡֡бԼԱĵطǳ֡
ʱǱ֪زΪԹʱͷסļҺͳ־ֻһ·֮СʱԵֵ̯һС
ӳǽҽԺĵϳϢ˵үү̿ƳӵСҲڽ⴩ֻ糿ܿĳ
ʱǱӭŵʯ̣ǡඣǡϿǮϡ
˽סּ̣ۻۣүʯôСʮǮĸв
ĸ̵ɴ۾ʵúϣԼֵΣֻ
ĸ̸ŻۣҸһ򣬱˵Ӱ
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ǰʯʱǱ˼Ҳ˽ȥүҲҪĸ
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СȺҰСҼǽ´Ҷٸ̼ƤЦųӸ˾ʹ֣ʮǮһҶϣ
ôһ˵ԶļҲӽ˳ʱǱԱһǲǻ𣿡
һҪʱǱ޺˴ܻգǰԵģүүǮҲҪǮҲԿ
ʱǱ£ǸӴϣϡүүǮˣ
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ʱǱԭûȿʯ׼뿪ʱʱס
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ʱǱǳǳҿҪȥѧУˣǲ֪ʯȥܲԭҡ
̳ĬؿЦת˼ִֺʯݸǸТ˳ޣͷ֪ģͷϲúܣ߸ȥҲ߸˵ģ͹ˡ
ʱǱӹʯлͳǮͱסˣˣúùԼӣδĺء
ŵӣʯһһԶȥʱǱ⼸ʯת˳֡
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ʱǱһʯϣһƬׯϵĹ㳡ߵĹ԰ʽ
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ʱǱӣʯ񡣡
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ץ˰ѹӵģˣǼʲô
ԴʱǱʧķ򣺡ÿģ壬˵ǲǮ˼һ򶼱Ǻã߼ЩүСûһġ
ЦǮȢģӿǶͰҡҡͷɲʲôǮ˼ҵģүүĹǮԼģ⺢ӰҸ㣬ԺԶгϢ
ȤԼģֲ̫ţܰɣһƬҪ.ʮˣҿԶƬ˰ɡ
ͳֻʱǱ֣ݸûУ
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ĹϿš濼ʱ֮λһϵбģʱǱ˸λ£ʯһߣֽŻʵĹ̺ˣ˵
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ҿˣЩֽе飬ѹ˵ڡ
¼ȡ֪ͨ鵽ˣ֮ǰλ˵ڻǾõǰ˵ҲУôãҲ֪ġ
˶ǼпŴʯĴүŵʯ񣬾ǲң˵ΪСʱʯˣ˵ǮˣҾ˵СʱôԵ޹ʳңԭ°¶ˡ
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վͷҲص·һĹ쵽µʯǰͷһۣСֹмû˵ͷЩҪȷ۶ѧܸܲȥԵָϲϾˣĳңթʬ˼ҿŴү಻ҲԶûҲܣҺ˵˰
˵꣬һƵɽͽɽҶشת
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˵õҽԺʱǱȴٳûһֱûӵ绰ԸҲֻûۿſˣ̲סż
龪֣֮ǰļɱ֪Ҳպúܣ˵᲻ΪʱǱļƻתȥ鷳
ԸԽԽģʱǱΪһҵ֣֮°뱲ӿɶʳѰˡ
ע⣬õʲôأ˵顣
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Ϊ⣺ǣԼҲǳлõ㶫һ¾ˣЩʲô˼Ҫ͵ҲǰƵĻƽ𣿾Ҳҵ
Ը⻰ûԥ϶ûģҵҲûֻСʱûȥᣬ鷳үʱտһ¡
һۣҪ˵ԸֻһʱǱĵ绰ϽСʱĶû°ɣ
ʱǱû£ֻתȥطܻСʱܹ
Ը˿УԼעⰲȫĵ˵
˵绰ЦЦǷˡ
ζغҪ˵ʱԼֻҲ˶ʾͳֻһɫ˲ת硣
Ŵ˼ϢֻһӣԸȻؼҲ̽ɩӣ׼һ¡
Ը粻ǵԼҺĸؼ죬һҲû𵽵ĸؼң¶ɻı顣
Զա
Ը֪Զգɻ̽ϣ
ͺûκκ֪ԼҲûʲô벻Զһ̽ԭ
Ǹϡĵģ۵мֲãؼҵСӺĲҶ˵˰ɣ
ԸһͷӦ˹ͷ֪ˡ
ͷУȳȥ͸͸ȻҸ˵һһٻ
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ѾӼﲿתסԺסԺﲿĺ棬ֱӴҲƹ¥ȥ
ʱǱȻѡǰߣ߼߼
ٽ磬̨ʱʱǱһѯûж⡣
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ʿֻٵı߱߶ͷˣ˶˻ߣûʱ䡭ڵԤԼؼؼѾ°ˣҾڻҲýʿ˵ٿиҽǲ֪ڲڣȥˣǱߺûУ
ʱǱͷһۣ󷽣ǶԷݽ͸ƣſʹ
Ųһ٣һ
ʿż˽סҲüͷʱǱ˵Ļ¶˾ϲЦ⣺𣿣
ʱǱͷת߰ɡ
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ˣʿʱǱ첽ߵǰ
ʱǱȭʳָָָɷջأĴָȻָָԼ˫ʳָ๴סԷޡ
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ʱǱλɷ߶Իʿʺãи
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ӲѾǳˣͨ˽ҵڣԤԼҲ˺ܶ๦ûжǮˣ޳Ƕܹͬ˳·ǻؼңԲżڽڡ
ʱǱ˵ţûٷ룬Լλɷ
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ʱǱȭĴָǵ˵㣬˵лл
ʱǱ˵֮󣬾ͼԷ޽ΨиղĻʿЦ۾̲סա
ںܿҲˣٵ˲磬ټͷĺȻҲǼŸϻġ
Է򸾼״˼ƣ۾Ҳһ۾Ϳ˭Ƿ룬ĿֱӾʱǱϣһͳ׼¼һʣ˵ʲô
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һ㶣˲ƽмɫҲӦ˹ЦЦлӦõġ
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ʱǱᣬֳδЦ˶ԲҽתҪϽżĽҲȤʮ㣬Է򸾵ľнͽţ֪
̲ԷôأЩҩﶼҽǴĸЩǰᣬʴЦɤ̨˲٣տĴƺҲԾա
û˿ŵӺ棬ŹһӶͣ˽Ųɫӵؿŵ̨Եꡣ
׾ȴ״βκķʣʲôʱ
ԶպһۣȻҲãȻʱǱ϶ûпȫ֪ʲôʱ˵֮ǰʱǱɼζ
󵭵СʱڸԺԺܶƺӡ
ײ⣬ֲƺӣѵԺҲѧ
˺һۣãΪЩĺӴЩƵĺһ棬ѧˡ
΢΢ɴۣתͷʱǱ̫ŵ֮ǰϲ˵ڸԺϲ˭֪ѧΪʲô˵Ϊ˸õ۸˼ƶͯءԽԽͣ˵Լûʲô
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ۿԽԽţߵǱߵע⣬Լָ⣬ЦŲ廰ʵҲ֪ʱǱܺõģ֮ǰ֮ǰϰ߼˸˲Ż˵ЩҪȥ̽ԷˣʱǱҲҪͽһȥɡ
˵ʱĿһֱźͺԶշ򸾣ȻһΣǵһûӦߺ˵Ļȫע˵̨Ǳߡ


25 
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ںؼ̤֮ǰ, ʱǱѾ֪ǵĴڣû£ŷ;ֱ뿪ˡ
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ʱǱԥӡ
ɳɤ, ȷ֡
ҪĶ, ʱǱܾĻһת7/3
̫˰ɣǱйѼɤ6/4
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ʱǱðţعҶ˵绰
ŵǸİˣʱǱʱ۵׸һ˿̽漴ϸЦ⣺СƽʱǱɣ
ʱǱ˵ͷáĿԽҲȥԸ磬尢̡
ԸĸĸһԣʱǱкԸӭ˹ʱǱܸղŸŵˣ֣ޡֿŵ꣬λõܣ󡣡
ϴЦ֣á
ɫݣ۵졣
ʱǱĿɨ޵֣ζع´ȥ
εײͼ̽ϸС˰纣Хֻһͱײ÷ǣɫ˲ҰףϥǣһӴƽ𣬾
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صӴɢһҾѣղðˡ
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ԸղҲΪʱǱ֮ĹϵżðĳƺΪֵܡ
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ʱǱҪߣ˵˶٣תͷŷûӦýС䡯Ͻ֮һԶΪ
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ʱǱִۣɳ˸ȥԼȥԡҡ
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ʱǱŲһ٣ͣһҵǰˡ
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ʱǱʳָ˻ΣŲһգ˵ϵСӣֱǼӻ̡"


26 
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ӻû, Ϊʡƶû©ȥչ, ԽԽڣԱ߻˲ٶ飬ۿȥӻ̸ǷƷվ߶ꡣ
ϸʱǱƹҶһĲ֪黹ǲݸֽֽѣԽԽȴҲûӰ
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ʱǱһ漴һЦǰ
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ǸʱʱǱϽ塱ֻĵġΪԼҲֻ˵Լϡ
СʱʱǱҪҲĵĲ˵ͲʡֻúÿƽװҲܻˣļͥ٣˵󲿷˿ĵһ۶ѡִͬһֱڸԺꡣ
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һʵʵİǽôһţǻֶΣ룬Ͼ͸оƤ飬ȳ
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ٴ𾪣ԭǮǮô죡
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ʱǱȷʵʵһʮƷʯһҲûȱʯʱ򣬶ǷʲôĻûòҲû˸ѣСӡʱҵСүʱʮƷʯλСü·١
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ʱǱ̾һӦãּۻۣʮɡ
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ʱǱǰֻȴ⻬ʵأһöŸ·СɫǼУʵƲʯâӴ
ʱǱǼУ壺ˡ
лˡʱǱָһһѪ㸡ָָǼб㱻˲룬ʱâȻҲһϢ֮Ѹ֮ǰһĶǼǱϸϸɨȥҳɫ°֡
һؿſʱǱĶöǼУȫŲ۾ȴַâ¶ìܵǡ֣͸̽ѰغΣա

ؾƵ·ϣĿʱʱʱǱϣöҲΪʱǱ쳣
֮ǰʱǱһͷߣҵ٩ǲûô˧ģȻ֪ϴΣʱǱҲֻǰںŴ⣬ʮɫķ羰ӳͫףȴ޷۵һ˿ۼ
ʱǱܾòʱǱôһ˻ط䣬ȵʱ̲סڣҪȥƵĲԵ㶫˵ҾƵвġ
ʱǱŲһ٣޿޲ɵصͷ߰ɡ
˿һ·ȥ⳯·ƳһۣȻʱǱԴӴӻָ̳֮һֱϣƺʲôϰߣʱʱҪĦһ²ܰġ
ҾƵ޳ǵǣȷʵСҲ˼۸񲻷ƣԿ˲ࡣ
ԱʱǱƹã˿һ޳ҹľ˲˵
ʱǱ˼ˣĿھϣ˶٣תûоƾˮѯϣʲô
ϣһ
ʱǱ˵ͷ˵ݸԱ
ȲʱĿҲ½пʱǱĿ鿴Ŵ⣬û㣬ֱϤ֣
Ǳߵ˻Ȼ֪ʮ⻹ǵĶԻ
ļٵģ겻ǺؼģϢԴ׼ȷ𣿡
ô׼ȷҶ˵ˣʱʱǬʱʲôģأҪ˵ӹù˭Ϻ꣬𣿡
˵治˵ϸ˵ͷС˵³ء
Ҫ³ɣǸ֪ʱʲôӿɾͲҿһһɽ˸òһˣɽһ˷ˣǻһһ£ǺؼҵӾǸ쵰ҲֻһֻСѼˡ


27 
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ʱǱûʲôȤջ, ϰԽʶ̿ҲЩۡ
ϲ֪ʱǱʲôԥô, Ҫ˵, ôҲһֱɥ, 벻ʲôο˵Ļ
˾ԳĬ, ֱ, ҲֻǰظԸġ
, ҲûʱǱ˵ʲôʲôתע, ֻܿط䣬ϣ˯һ֮Щ
ʱǱ֪ʲôʵʱԼԲ׽, οȥעˣˢţҲûƣֱƵ귿¶̨ߡ
ֻȻû̧, һʵĿ, ˵, ڰﻹͦˡ
ʱǱ˵ƣͷͿű߶һֻӣצ˸, ڿޡ
ιʱǱü, żСӡ
ƮƮ, СצһŲ, ˲ʱ˵, Ҳʱת󣬰ĺޣʱǱΪ̫Բ¶ֶ̽Ų̫ͻĶ¿ô˼
£ָסС󾱣ðСᵽԺӵĸ߶ȣüʲô
СʵؿһۣһŤͷ޵ֱ飬
ʱǱһºһÿ޼£B-boxƵĻͦн࣬˼ѭɳϣްɡ
תҪߣһ̧ȣǱѾϸ˲ٵĿʱͱΪÿǰһǿʹһ֣֪Сǲǹ棬컨嶼ܸˡ
㵽ҪʱǱ˼һ̿ܿ޵ԭ򣬡ֶˣ
СЩ˵צӵ۾ǰ棬κ۾ʵԲд󣬻һת©
ʱǱ翴ֻСӾȫǼٿˣҲʵǲϰħڶߣ£˵Ҫ˵Ҹұ˰㡭
û䣬СȻӴ󣬺͸ղݵҲ̫һƺʲôĴʻ㣬޵ú档
ʱǱָһǰɣôһ£Ҳû
׻м۸С飬һ֮ǰӵķʳָƾһ㣬ɫɳ߮ǵָתȦ
Сһͣצ»˶֪ɴ۾ؿ
ʱǱãüҵһᴵһƵĽɫʼ任ʱǿСʱССԽԽһƬƬ״ֻ赽ͣһɫ껨
ʶ˸ãŵԼȦһǴצӳһ̶̵ָͷָ껨Ļ
ʶ
ʱǱЩ죬תһ룬ȻǳºһĻ䣬ֻСβӦҲǼģϾǽףǲٶ룬һתģС˿ޣæܹǻȫȻľǳͥԺĻһ㣬γﾡǾ档
ִ˸ãʣΪʲôĻ֮ǰȥûм
ʱǱӳһƬСҪ³͸о껯һˮʺȻȺ峤רŸʳҪóԣ
С۾һĿתؿǽ𻨡
ʱǱתעֱӽǰһţˡ
ֻŸ̧滹ſǻСʣǲҲҪˡ
ʱǱתͷС겢ûпǶĻһգգؿ
ʱǱŷ֣֪ǲΪղſ޵ʱצϴŻСԲѾˣҲΪԵøԲˡ
С꽥ص
ʱǱԱȣͼСĨһβһ˦ת㲻ҪҾͲҪңҲҪ㣡㲻ϲҲϲ㣡ǶҲûϵҲǣ
˵žܵűߣŰֿţɲ֪̫˻ǿָߣôҲϲȥ
СûܹίֻǸоһֱ̫ӲѵСͻȻһžʹ
ʱǱĽǶȿиë׵ԲһһģβͶסˣһˤһβëʪյĴۡ
ЩЦЩɰʱǱҲ֪ôеۣһֱؿڵסƬҲɢȥתǶҪɢĻ׵Сԡ
ûвҪ㡣
Բ򲻶ˣĶ𣬷۷۵ĶʱǱķ
ʱǱҲû㡣
ɵСβҡҡֱСץ˻ȥ
ʱǱСǰٲԾȫˡ
С¶һֻ۾Ĳ᲻Ҫң
ʱǱʱᡣ
С꿴һֽۣԴ˽ȥƬ̣ʣϲ𣿡
ʱǱȻϲ㰡
СһŤŤƨɶƭҪϲҵĻôһ
ʱǱЦеҵȻϲˣҲϲôǵһμʱ͵ҵôûнѵ㣿һΣ㶼а޻һˣҪǲϲ϶һɱˣΪʲôҪΪһμͺϲ㣬ҲŶôѽ㶼о𣿡
ʱǱҪĺˣ˭ҲûֿοһֻûСβ
Сһ¶۾㷢ģԺҲϲҡ
ʱǱüΪСԶᶪҲͦãΪ֮ǰЩҲʵȷʵͦϲСӵġ
ָһطģԺҲϲ㡣
С룬һҪ˵ϲĺ꣡
ʱǱϣϲĺꡣ
Сɻһ£Ȼˣ˼ҲࡣܿˣɿβͣһڽûĻˡ
ϴϴڵ̺ľеʱǱһһۣ̽ʲôʱ᲻Ҫң
ʱǱһ߻һߵַߣָɣһ·ͬķɣһһ֮ǰŻĺű࣬Զʮ㣬ջش𣺡Ҳ֪
С꣺Ϊʲôһֱһ𣿡
ʱǱһ٣ɢ磬ȼŷˡ
ѾһŻˣľУתСγɾ˫ϣ㱼һ˫۾Ц£Ҳꡣ
ҲŲͨ꣡Ǿβǿ֮һܵСίһԼܶ˻ʿҪҵģǶץңҺõģ֪ΪЩز䣺ҡҳ֮Ҳģ
ʱǱһӣ̺ľбʧβҲ
ҡңСʱǱҪ߾ͼˣʾ֭Լӵ룺Ǻ֪ͼģҵĻҿ϶Ժᱨģ
ʱǱһ٣Сؿڵ£˵Сţϧˣ˱Ǻ
ָһͷֺôɳ
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ӵ΢һ˿Ҳޣɲ֪ΪΣɢɽҰļȴ׷׳һȥ
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ĺٿۣȴҲ׽òҵľˣ۵Թڵָ׳ٳһȥһָһĨɫ㱻ЮУȥ
бþͿûбˡ
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Ρ빬ڣ£˳Ŀ
µڣȶŮͥԺѰҡ
һŵĹװŮͷϥɽݼ̽Ȱ֪ĶˣӣǶˣ̫ѧĿҲϵģվºʹ˵ҵţȥء
ɽһƬƽŮΪ´ʱ߸ߵļɽϣ̽һ۵Сޡ
С޾ƷʯƶɵȦ۵ֱסɽʯһ˫èʮ㣬ֽͯҲŲţþ˾׿ڸң
һڹŮȻǼɽϣһſֱҪСӿ/ССıţŻߴɽ¡
ȴˣһվԭأۿСӵҡ
Ůһ»δ糯ѩѩȥҴΡ
СԲ۾üթ
һĻӦһⶼǶˡ
ŮٱҲ˿ţ΢΢һѩȥӣҲԸһ˵ġ
С۾ɵøˣŮٶӣȴܣһתҪȥƵģæһɽסŮٵȹڣѩ㣬ˣ
ԱߵСŮ͵ЦŮƳһֹۣЦǣסСӵ֣սεȥ걻˳츮θĳ´ѧʿ´ѧʿԼѣԸطҲм⣬ӶҪú
ŶСӲ鲻ԸӦŮǣ鷿
鷿Ϊʴ裬κεʥһֱδãּ谮ʢƽµλӣڶͽ䱧ʹ˺Ǻʱ飬Сÿǰ´ʱңʹѧϰתȴûʴɼ̶ܳȡ
ʥּƷ峼ǶҪΪʥЩСΪˡ
ȻδһӦԴöȽȴ̫죬Сÿ빬סĸ̫ӵµλѧʿҲԱСӵʦ
ˣжʱ䳯Ұ֮Ϻо֮νϣֱ֪Ҳ֤С˲֮ţټСӳ̽Ѱպ޷ɣʥãҲŷ׷תڷ磬ΪСӻǼλѡ
ȻСӱ˼䲻ԸΪʴԽԽڻʹÿ¾װϴӽʱʳǣԼÿл˾Ҫȥͺܿ
ŮټСԽԽߣۿžܹͺˣºЦ̲סܴӳѧʿø㣬˵ת
С۾һͷģ
СԲ۾ŮĸˣȻġ
Сӱɿ֣һ鷿һȥʦЦݲؾ˸ѧϲý
ѧʿҲǵһνӣ̫ͬǱ˲СȻϻ۵Ƥۣʱôһ۵СЦﲻɻͬϹ˵ôԵСӿܵƤ
һÿѧʿǼᶨԼ뷨ûСӸϻµѧˡ
ÿڿΣҲԸġ
СӹؾطźñīΣڴرСʳѧʿʦ֪ٱֿɻã
ѧʿﶼЩϷߵСӣôһĶˣͷã
ֻСϲЦտһȸԾؿ⣬ȴжȵȺ𣬲Ĳܳ鷿
ѧʿϻοӭŮ˵ѩղųѧʿҽձּã¼ǵת绹о˾Ҫңձ鷿
ѧʿ
СӿɲʦôһɿŮٵ֣Ͷְ㱧סԼҴĴȣԴ㿪ʼղųѧʿҽձּã
ԴѧЩʲô
СһתӦȥٸ㡣
ӽ𣬱߱ߵѧϰּۻۣϰۣͷƪ۰ɡ
СӴ󾪣һƳ֣˾˾ң
Ե԰׵ϸЦ⣬ֽӹСӣ˭۸ɣ˾˱Ҫú÷
С˵׼ȥĶ۸ɣ
Ե۴ЦҲΣһһӣЭǾȥա
ʮպСԸİСС
Χűӣӻô
С̫СҲûվŵĻߣΧ룬ƵСû˿ӵء
ȻˣһҲֻСֽϻһֱԵǵ޵
ССӹ˵ãŲܣ
һȥȻģд죬Եʲô
С۾һСҪȥ鿴ıǰ棬׷׿С߽һһֻεС׺
С׺Ҳ̵ģû˿ڣ֪ǲǱС䵽ߵļ˹ȥֱ㶵ص˼ϣȻ顣
СӸ˼ˣð׺
ֻС׺СϲûǾ֣ԼԱС׺Ӫʣչ˲˵˸֣ʱ
Ǵ󾪣һֻСͬգʹʱղǻգҲĴ֮һ
ȻСʮּ֣ʥϺʹӻ󣬴ԺͲǼСˣΪ˸ܵܡҲֻС׺
û뵽ӾȻҲɵСӺ֣С굱ܣʥҲСԴЦСӣպɲܽˣֻ֪ܽ١
СӸճʱȡǼСĺӵ˼֪СϿɣʥȡ֣ȡ׾ԣ֪٣֮ˡ֮ʥ֮ģ·˽֪
Сת÷ɿ죺ʱ˾β̬˭֪䣬˵ҸһЩأֵ黹Ժ˵գ
ʥϵЦʱҾʹ˶˸ӡ
ȥСӴӻʳǷظ鿣С׺˿Уֻ֪ʱСӴ˸һСޣͯ޼˵ܵܣʱҾҲˡ
֪ٸһѧϰСһճ󣬽С꣬һСȴûٳһֱģ
нʿ˼֣ʱȴ޷Сȥоͻʳ֮ˣôһյСޣҪš
꣬СӴƵĹµõıԻʳǹȴ˵µʱ
ֻһ

ˡԣб
ȻɲţҲţ
׷Уöɣձر

ڶһ磬ʱǱ
ϡ۽ǣ˸ת˸ָֻġ
Сһֱɳǹ۲ʱǱԡҳ̽ͷ̽ԵǱߴô˯ˣûá
ʱǱĿɨҪԴûַ·ײϵʣŲӼ²ۣһͲרģ
ǳʱǱҪأߣ
ʱǱЦЦһۣ߲ͷ߳СҪ㿪֮ǰһסСԴ컹ʹأ鷳ˣ
С걻ţûоѹͲм˳˳ë
Ķ͵һһŤӻɴβͱ㱻˻ŲŵƣͷʱǱë
ʱǱ֮Ա
С꣺
С꣺Һܸɾģ
䣬ʱǱһŽڴĿ˭
֮Уɫ̸У۵С˴
Ӵ
ʱ֪аУ
ʱǱҿǸݴ


28 
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ܱŭ, ̾ҪײʱǱٶȷɿ죬ۿžҪ嵽ʱǱǰ, һ, ȴһⵯɣ֧ţٵ÷ɳʮԶ
־, º, һһŻɫƯʱǱǰâϣһǸ߼㡣
ף
ʱǱץס̧ܣֱ׳Ҿס˵ʱָתת, ָԾ, һЦбҲװ

ܺ޵СӹȻܹǧ궼ô, ߾ߣҪʱֱܲŲûƢأ
ţವһ½ʱǱǰ, , ԹţŻмֺõ˼
ɫһʱһʱ, Ų˵Ҫģ
ʱǱ
ܣ˵˲Ҫģ
ʱǱ, ·չƵ, һһ䣺ʲô
˵ܿɾͲˣһţǷǡô㻹Ҳ˭
˵ܾʱȻ˵˻ʱҲã˵ܿ׷ϣȻѭʱǱϢһȴҲûʱǱֱˡѰ桱ŷ֣ʱǱ˾Ȼڻվվĳ˿϶Ϣǵɽʦܸ¥·ڵˣ
۶࣡ɶ
ʱǱһҲ˵𡣡
˭֪᲻ˡܺһŰ̵ɳԣһϣһתͷ롱һôֻβ
Сצıҵĵطȥ
̺СȮϻЦ˼תͷʱǱСӻṵ̂ɣ𣿲͵İɰ
ŭ⣺̺Ȯһҧסܣҡͷ˦
ܴУǹ
Ҳ֪˭
ʱǱԶ룬ˣʵɣ̺һ;ôСŸְƵС˻ȥûͦ˼
ܣʱ֪㻹ң
ʱǱһָ֮һƷʯɣ
ܣأ
ʱǱһ֣Ҳ¶һŻúܡ
ܣ㣡
ʱǱ̣
С˭̣
˵ʱܴ˳㵽˱档
ʱǱСԴ˳ë̶Ƿ˶˵㿴ֶѵģҽף˵ûиֻ֣һˣҪ㲻ϲ⣬Լȡɡ
С廹ֿʱǱʲô
ʱǱʱǱ
СͷҺ
ʱǱǴͺƵģȥĶ
СŰɣ𡭡
Ҳȷʵ벻ˣֺĶ˦˦βͣǴء
С˵Ҫһſ֣Ҫ
ʱǱСף
С꣺
ܣ
ܣǰȡҲôûƷλ
СԲ۾ܣǰȡ𣿡
ܣǱˣǱĺһס˲ӣܺص˵˵ں˵˵ 
СŶһֿʱǱҪҪȡһģ
ʱǱ֮ǰֲҪˣ
βй壬Ȳ˵СôʹܳˣݣǻδѾֵġ֮μҪû֣൱ڲȺϣպҲǧѡ
ʱǱһֻβûԼ֣Ҳûʡ
תֵȡֲԼɡ
С˦˦ȥβٿ£˦ɳϣžž죺㲻ȡ֣
ʱǱƵҲȡ
Сһתͷаɣ
ʱǱ͵½ˣܣʲôʱߡ
ܸղŻЩͬСβӺ֮ǰºһһµĴʱֵԼСӶ磡
ҲӲӲҲߣ
ʱǱ̾˿ĿɨβʹأҲС꣬ͻȻЩѸջߣֿܣҲˣֻô׵Сβӣҧһҧһ׼Ҫ£
뵽ղŵӣ˵ħβͨͬǰѪҲû취
ǲߵġ
ֱͦ壺취ֲǷ
ʱǱ
Ҳȷʵֱ׳û⡣
ûܴɹʶƵ귿žͱ졣
һһһͬʱȥֻʣʱפ޳ǰ´ġ
ʱļӳ֡
ʱǱüһʶ¥㣬ʱѾˣֻûϸоתΪͨûᣬû뵽ȻѾˣܹʶģҲƷˡ
ֵľ˵Į޷Ʒеʿˣͼʲô˵һǧǰϡȱƷƷѾ۵洦ɼˣ
ࣺÿַ¼Ʒĵȣĵ֮ڻϸ֣һŷΪƷΪҲ鼫Ʒ
Ȼ񻰣ǧǰҲֻԼʹһܣƷ׵ҲǼƷΪõȴƷɼݱ
Ҳע⵽˵Ϊ˼ؿʱǱʿ֮ǰû
ʱǱͣϢƷ
ܣƷû۰ɣ
ʱǱ۾һУΣչâ˵һ飿
Բῴۣ
ʱǱһڽʱңʱδ֮ǰǰǧ궼ǾңʱǱû츳ĿȾ£ıҲԶǳܼʱϿĳҲ֪ǿ仹ʱǱԶȴܼ
ʵ֤ʱǱҲû۹ΪԽ֪ҲԽߣ˺Ҫ۾ܸ֪ƷƷ࣬ɽʦֵܽȥ߲رϲҲԵõԭ֮һ
˵⣬ʱǱƲ⣬ƸӦ֤Ǹǧǰһ֮أľͻ٣ɸƷĿԾԽСȻɣڣˣ
ѵ˵ڸʿѾˣԪӤѾˣ
Բˡ
ʱǱס˵һţѾӦݳǰ´ĹȻ
˼ʱǱҲ˿λͬ¿λԣԿսĴڣͲǺġ
һȡī¶еʱѰɣǺ֮ޣǽ Ƿ͹֤Ʊ
ʱǱɨǵĺºڿī⵽ױػǹԱҲ˻ȣ־СһͷӹĶ֤֪Ʊʲô
֮޴ӿžڰд꣬òһһĺãﾫ£һƺЦȴܸɾɤһۺ˹׺һĵʣ˾Цദȴϳ۸
Щϲʣǰ˾ٮٮߣദټϱ񣬺֮ѾԤʱǱպڰ´ˮˡ
ദ͸ã仰Ĺ򣬺֮ҲӦǸ粻ῪһᣬҴǣͷǰ´Эⲻһȵᣬ޳Ǿٰ죬ΪҪһЩȶͼලĹ˵ҲԵְǰһں˵ȱˣˡ
ʱǱԸƱԼַ֮ȻҲûƱֻû뵽һʽ»һš
֮ѭ˱˼ƱתתֵһǸӵģʱǱȴ˿ûϣ֮Ŀ˹֤ϡ
ʱǱʶ
֮΢ȣܿ
һֱû˵ĽҲ˹
ʱǱ˼
Ʒѵã޷ÿ˶һǾͽһƷһֶνƷĹͶŵŹ֤УȻȴʺԼ۱ȣʽˣʮš
֮û˵ʲôȻЦеǰ´θֻҪϹ֤ԪӤµʿ޷̽ͳĺī֮󣬿ԿԭԼص
ʱǱɫؽŹϣҲ̫˰ȡ
֮ΪȻҪȻ´ôôѿأʱҿء˵ʮĽʱǱһۡ
ʱսǱ
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֮ӣҲʱǱ´ֽţϣ㾡ְʲôʱпȥְ
ʱǱֱӵھпա
Ҫȥ޳ǰ´ϣȻԽԽá
֮޼ҪܵڶȣȻҲܸˣǾ߰ɣ
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޳ǰ´شֺһϾɵббţҪ˫۲ּܿ޳ǰܴ
ʱǱĿӶһϾɵСɨԼƮľ糪ǻ߸룬ȴһ¹ˣҲʧ
ӣʹһۣ
ʱѣ
ʱǱջߣŽͺ֮޽ȥ
ӻڲǬͬ޳ǰ´ǱһļªŰ칫źľΣһˮǽϹšڡԼ조Ϊ·ˣҲΪĸʮõİ칫ң˿ɡ
֮һΣװ̫ǮˣҪǳڣ칫صͼªһ㡣
ʱǱĿһǽϣʲôģ
֮뵽֮ǰʱǱ˵£ңֻ޳ǵǼǹĸǨĺҪȫģȥǰ´ңǱ߶ǵ¼ģҲҵÿЩ
ʱǱ棺Ǳߵܴ𣿡
֮ޣԵǿԣҪϾ͵ļһһģ֪Ҫãֱȥһء
ʱǱ˵һߵĽһƴСıӣʱǱע
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ʱǱһַȥ
һıɫâ֮ϣâǳתΪʱ֮Уâɢȥ鱾ˡ
֮죺ɫ
Ҳ˿ڣǵˮǱ
ʱǱɫˮ
֮ޣ֮ǰҼˮһɫôɫƵģ
ʱǱ޹ûע⣬ֻһɫ𣿡
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ƶǱ任ɫ
ʱǱֻ²⣺ǲⱾӷ̫˻ˣ׼
֮ޣɡ
ƳһۣͳӣݵʱǱֱߣĿĲԶ
ʱǱҲܸɴķ֣һɫâֱȥҲûиıɫ
ĬһǸҸղſˡ
ʱǱȰ֣ûϵ
ʱǱ˿̫ˡ֮޼ȷڲìϱɱ˸߲һסʱǱ֣ϲ̵ˮѾǰѵһˣվͿˡ
ʱǱգ
յԱн֮Ц֮ǰΪҲЩΪͿս˲ϾʲôҲĴүһռéӲʺû뵽Ϊ˼巢չʡ
ʱǱ

޳ǰ´ʱǱûֱӻؾƵ꣬תȥһҽԺ
ȶ֮󣬾ʹӵҽԺת˽ҽԺλȡ볯ֲԶʮӳ̾ܵ
ʱǱȥ֮ǰ˸绰Ը磬ԸҪʮָˣ֮󣬸ҪʱǱ֮ǰûԳɵǶٷ
ʱǱԸ磬һƵʯ㣺ȻʱӦòˣ˷а֮⣬ĸ̥š
Ըôһбܵж뵽ûͳȥƱԼѾԼҼǺˣۿЩ죬жεĶʱǱʱϵܣ֪ҽһϵʵ̧ңҵʱһۣľ;ҵܵƵģĵ׽ϲЩ˵ҶģԼҪ֣ҾҲҲỤ㣡
ʱǱ٩Ըûͦ׳ǶˣģģҪǵľ
Ը翴ʱǱЦΪġ
㲻֪ԼҵԸȻûȥ磬Ǳߵ·ʽҲһ˽⣬ԼҲ㿴ԼһﶥŸеĩ޻Ȳ㣬֮ϻмſͣЩǴܣǿܲʲôֻҪȥ磬ӭӵһԼҵ׷ɱ
ʱǱЦﲻ񣺡Ǿ¡
ԸһʱЩ˵֪ηʲôƣ뵽ԸһʱǱҲĸĵϵأ
һ룬һоͨˡ
ΪʲôʱǱȴΪΪʲô־óΪʲôƱȤΪʲôҶ󡭡
ԸԽԽ϶ԼĲ²⣬Ƕɢȥ˲١
ʱǱ֪ԸʲôԼȷʵη壬ηϰߵǹƥɱһѪ·ˡ
ΧˡַͺѱѣʬɽѪҳһ·һʣѪĹǼɱΧ˵Ķ棬οڡ
ʱǱҲǺϲɱģ̾˿ĵϣƽһɡ


29 
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޼ʾƵꡣ
ʱǱ֮ǹȥʱ, ǱѾ걸˷˿ɼıڼװ֮⣬󷨲Ҳʮ, һһϸ
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лˡǽ뿪, ֮תͷ˵Զæû뵽ġ
ڣаѪ½, Ĵ֪ȻҪ
˵ƽ, ʱǱ, ܾмֳ
Ȼ֮һ̾Цѽ, ҲضĴô, ˼Ȼҷ˵, ˵Ҳ˵, 󷨰ں˲Ǹʡ𣡡
俴˺֮һ, һ䣺ȥһ¡뿪ˡ
֮޳ʱǱʼ磺˾ȴûʲôƿһû˵Ļ, ܼҵһ㲻, Ҳ, Ȼʱ¿۵ǿķ, Ҫա
ʱǱ޿޲, ں֮顣
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ʱǱһǼǶһСʯһãЦɢ㲻Ҫ˵ˡ
ҡ֮׼ڣͼʱǱʯת˳㵵ôģѭ⣬ܼԼܿɣ
ʱǱⲻǺ𣿡
֮ϸ۲Ƶı飬ȷصҫľ;áԡ
ǧܼңΪһԶû⣬һҵ˻赭дˣ⵽ŵճѧԶѧĳ
֮䣬֮޷·ص˿´ʱģԾ̫ˡ
ĸоٴˡ
ֿĶͷ·ÿһͷ˿͸ղŹʵɶ֮޾̲סƻ
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ʱǱָЦвҲһ£Ҿ͸Ųţ
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ʱǱƿҩܣ´ע㣬Ȼ͵øʬˡ
֮ޱƱ䣬ҩһšŵŨľ˲šϣϲЦտ׷ȥһ죺ְְ֣֣ҵĺðְ֣ôšôšҩж٣ٸƿ𣿡
ʱǱƿţͷ㳪أ
֮ޣҪԸкܶףһðְֺðְְְְְ֡
ʱǱһоͳ˸ղŵҩƿ֮۾һû֣ͼҩƿǰһΣһ̾ٴʧʱǱС
֮ţְ֣
ʱǱĺ֮޵Դְֵĺô
֮޸ţôĺô
ʱǱҪ˵һȺ֮޸ŵʱǱô
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ʱǱʧº󣬺ؼʶˡ
ǿʼĴѰʱǱרҵ˰æЧʹȻȻǷɿز鵽ʱǱټȴҲˡ
ʱǱȥ֮ǰסϳȥλ˵ĹأڽƵס˼죬Ȼȥ˱ɵ˽׷ȥȴһʱǱֲӰȵòٴβ鵽ʱǱټ֪޳ǲٴס֮ǰסǼҾƵʱԶպȥҡ
Ȼû͵õõƱҿԴһҽȥϢ
ԶյϣȴźͼȥҽԺлƱԼˣȻȥʱǱȴûϵֱҽԺʱǱ
һ죬Լ˵鶼ͦӡ
ʱǱ£ԼʱǱѧΪ˱Ժﲻȫĺ£ǵĳǾ޴ġ
϶һӶӲ޿ɾʱӵκξٶᱻ⣬ѻһĳ̶ȣͻγһݡݵĴڲΪӹȻԤĻΪѽݵ Ѿ˽ж໵һƷԼĽۣȨ١
ǣؼ˳Ĭطźͳµ鱨棬˽⵽жô㣬ȴĬŷȥĲ
֮󣬺ԶպҲûȥʱǱˡ
ֱڽڼβƻٴ
ỹûпʼҲʽţֻĿˣ齻ţʵĿⶼһŵ񻨴š
ţһǰһ
ǰŴ󳨣ȴϸƱƶȣʹҲᱻ˽һ֤ܷ룻ûд򿪣ڳ˶֪ԼԼԼĹͬʿߵţʹҲҪκμֱӽ룬ݺʵ֤
ڳ˲֪ʲôʱ򿪣ۿʱԽԽ̲סһûһµֻһȥҽܣֻҪЩһӡ׬ˡ
ǵһβμᣬμȴǵһ ע⵽Ҷ⿴ţѹʺ꣺꣬ʲôһ𣿡
Ȼ֪һͨȻ־ȻһܴһǱߣڸѧɻһð͸綼Դ
ⷬȻʮģԶպһЦЩΪʱǱĺڶɢһЩ
ҲЦʱٴȥǸι۲ιۣҵҪǲĶܷݵػһǧ꣡
ԥصͷ˵һҪð͸Ƕڸ磡ǲҲһҵ鵤ҩûûֻܾúܾã
⻰֣غԶ»ʢЦǰͶˡ
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Զշ򸾼״ɵ÷˺Ǳ߿ȥ
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ͨĳ㣬ȴأ׳±ſӣܿһСǣӰţ¶һؼСۣ֪˵˾ʲôǹĻȼüҵɢ˼
ֻ΢΢ղŻյ߱ħƵĳ˸ĸʯƳɵСƿӣ¶ǸЦܿɰꡣ
ƿӣĿƿǰһΣ˷Ӧƿʧ
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漴Ǿ˺һʲôתüҵЦ⻹ûȥ۵׵ЦѾ
СǱԶպ첽ȥĲ˼Σ㣿
ʱǱû뵽ǣͷ£
ۼʱǱ䵭ı飬ԶձҪ˵Ļȫؿڣǧһѹȥʳ⣺ôôᡭų
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Ʈؼ˶ɫ΢䣬ҧҧҪ˵ͼѾȿ˿ڣʱǱܲܺ㵥ġ
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֮޺ܻԹɫʱǱڴһ£ֱȥҾС
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ĿɫȻûκԳЦ£ҾͲȡԺؼ˵Ŀ˰ɡ
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ʱǱһֱȥһĶ¥ᣬ֮޺ͽѾǰѾ̱ںȹ֭Եģ
ˡ֣֮Լҿ󷽣Ķʳ԰ײԣ
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ʱǱͷаޣһϢʲôûС
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ʱǱ񣬽Ҳ֣ʲô
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Ҫɡ֮ѡһ·
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ΪԴȡڵľϢЩ˱ʳ֮Ѫ⽫ᱻѪأӽ¯һ˿һҲ˷ѡ
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׳µҡҡͷʾҪڣֱӽʶ㻹ܲܶܶȥϷѪغ治ҪҲҪŪ
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һ٣סݽߵĬ
ʱǱһŮˣʵȥɡ
ʲԣȴҲûߣҧҧͳһҩƿ˵ʮӡ


30 
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µҩڱĿ, ʱǱŮ˵һΪ
аӯû˿ʱǱڵôҲûݽת, ̶һСʱѾо˲ʡ
ŮȻҲ̫ɫҰֽ, ɫȴû¶һ˿һ򶨴ô
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ŮҲһ㣺һᾡΣ޷֤Ƿֵ
ʱǱʱʶѣؿɱа޵Ĺ, Ϣ, , ѪҺ֮ǰѾˣ뵶Уɾѩ
ʱǱ練Ӧͺܡ
Ů˵˵ͷ֪ǸزԼ·ʱǱȡ
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ͬʱ֮޺ͽҲڴӿͷ϶Уҵһ˿ʪĺۼ
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룡֮ӣҲûоô̰ôȥôԶûˡ
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϶ԼĲ²⣺ɡ
֮ޣⲻȥ𣿡
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ʶ˽ϣͷ˹θķӿϢʣʲôط
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ŶĺͷθһɽȥҪʱ򣬺֮ȫһԭء
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֮޸ţҡ⻹㣿ǲǶԵ⣬ѾǺܶ˺ðɣ˭ƵĴҪôҩ֮ǰһЩ˳˺öأ
ʱǱ̾˿ļ磬û˵
֮ʽʲô˼
Ŀбӣˡ
תһȦڰһƬΨһܹҵһͨȥϷ
ʱǱҪȥȻ֮ǰȥǶȥǸ
֮޺ͽû˱㶼޾ϡ
ʱǱһ¾ʯңǵһοƬһȦƵа޿˼
֮ޣô˵
ʱǱаϲʪ»棬ŪôһƬأ滹ҽ˵ͼʲô
֮޼ϲأ
ʱǱϲаް䣬ԼֲԼҲ˵
üаϲʪϲö룬ԽǸĻǾԽΪҲҲа޻ˣܺģƬҽ֡
ʱǱҲ벻֮ͨ޿۽µҽ˭֪أ˵аʲô黳أа֮ǰϲأֲа޾аǰɣˣۿȥ˰ɣǽ𶦻ء
ó·һƬͬС֮ϣܿϳ֮ǰȥǿʱǱͺ֮һȻ³˶ʬɽ֮С
ܣ֮סڱǣҶ¡
ʱǱɨƬʬɽѪɫûʲôҲס˱ӣأ
Ƕָ֮· ȥУСĵ£֮ǰһ첲ץңŵëˡ
ʱǱĶë
֮ޣȫ¡ԲʱСǱ.ɧ
ʱǱ޹ָ𣺡ô⣬Ķȥˣ߼
ֶ֮ſˣ߼˼.㣡
ʱǱɿǼȣżڡ
֮ޣɱ㣡
һ׷һܷɿ˶ں棬ġ
˶ðĽѾ˲٣Щаû֮ЩҲúõġ
֮޽ʱǱľǣѵ˶ָж֮ǰѹµĺӿ˳ľļҵĲؾɣ֮ǰûȻôаŵаѪܽ⣬̫ˣһӸôˣᱻ׷ɣ
ʱǱԺ︡һĨɫӰ׷ϣİɡ
֮ޣô׷ˣЩҿɿ۵úܣ˵ھģز±ѧȥҪ֪ôһô֪ˣ϶¡
ʱǱ룬Ҵһ𣿡
֮飺˰Ҫϣ˵ұġ
ʱǱЦһû˵
֮޿ʱǱһȥıӰʽɶ˼ղǲң
˽𶦣Զ˵ָıϻûָǵģЩаʱӿٶȡĸ֣ǿź֮˵ġ
֮ͷðɡ
жʮ˳ܿͳ˾Ƶĺ԰ǸˣһѪżܶģʵڲʺϳǰ
ʿҽм·ͻһɡ
˿ĻʲôӲģŮ·ϴҲûʲôˡ
ǡ׻ϴ·ʱǱͺ֮ޡ
ʱǱһڣȤҹзͦΡ
֮޹ЦҾ˵·ҹзɣڲƵġ
Ҫˡ
ʱǱͺ֮ͬʱֹסЦлл硣
ʿҲܿãлһ·Ѿ˵̫࣬һһ󣬷׷׵պػᱨ𣬺ָ֮ЩҩʱǱһֱڿ޵С˵ʻţŽһȺߡ
߽Ƶ֮꣬޸¶˵Ŀյ磬̾˿ĿɨõʱӣͻȻŤͷѾʼˣ˵лƽ鵤ǹǻУǿȥܸܲϡ


33 
ᣨһ
֮޻, ͻȻʶʲôɨΧôǵ֮ǰƵûô
ʱǱͽ̤Ƶͬʱͣ½Ų, 䱸
ԼҰ˾Ƶ, ˴ﻹЩƵ걾ĹԱ⣬ļȫʿ, ֮ǰʱ, ¥䲻, һֱվѲߣڴúǰ̨ȴһˡ
֮뵽ʲôǰɡ
˵
ʱǱȥ
˱ű, Լ̵ζ, شӰȫͨ¥, һ·ϵƹ, δûκ
ϵ¥ɿһ, ɾ, ԿԸĳ롣ʱǱҪȥ, ͼֱɫװͰװ, ԼҲǲˣͣ˽Ų
ǰ߷ŭʱǱ
߾㵣ʱǱ磿
ʱǱɨͺǣһ, ü
귢, ɫһ˲뽫ִĳȻֿܵ, ûг, ΪСĵ
§ס, ĿɨʱǱں֮޺ͽϣ۵׶һ˿ɵִִ˵޳ִ˸ԱѵǡĿʱǱϣ˼Զ
֮ǰ벽סʱǱļЦеѽʱִĵıƣʶ
ɫ΢䣬תͷ꣺ʶĵôܣ
ҡͷû˵
֮޿ǵü۹˾֪˶ʱǱ⣬Ц΢ĵƼˣ˵ϲʶ
ѿ֮ǰΪڣҪԺ֮ôǡʱǱһϡƽƺһµģҧ˺Ѿ˱ʽû뵽ʱǱȻҡһ䣬ӽɢһ³ĵˣԼҪ֪ˣԲʱǱ֡
ѵΪϣ֮ڶ޻պ󻹿ܱȺЦ£Ҫô
󲻸ġ
걻ڻУֱ仯صյôҲֻ÷϶۲죬ɫ任һ￴ʱǱһֱ̾ѹµļ޷ؿϯŰ
ѡʹǧټȥʶΪһɨ·ƽƵĿɽȴû뵽һϰǰĿɽȴƺûԽѱ
ʱǱʲôݣΪʲôôߵΪΪʲôĴ֮һԼҵĵϵɵǸĵʲôˡһƬΨһֻʣ¡Բøĸ͸֪ʱǱΪ
֮ۿɫֱ䣬ʱǱ֮ǰ󣿡
ʱǱĿɨڻﲢûĺ꣬Щ㵣û뵽ϲľȻˡ֮޵ʻ׿⣬һ㷢Ϊûû
֮޵Ȼˣһʱֻˣû뵽ȻǡһЦסЦüʶģ
ʱǱûش𣬵ü˫Цת˫Ѿ㹻֤ˡ
֮Ƴѿɫ뵽֮ǰ߸ߺģ鼫ãʱǱһ£ţ
ȥüȥҲʱ䣬ֱӶԶӣѾʼˣô
һ仰˵עⶼ˻
ɻڲ²ʱǱľĹϵʱǱͺ֮ԴЦߣ±ּɵٶʱǱ˷ź°ͳǱ߻˻Σҵӡ
֮üҶ˶ʱǱǵ֮ǰסʱǱǼ֮꣬ǰʱǱĳƺҲǡ
ʱǱĿɨ꣬Ц£ƺ̫ȻȴƺԸ״̬ջɫɢϲȥ
Ͳˣߡ
֮Цеػ˸ͷԶӺúܰ
ɨǽԶȥһѽĺ˺ǽһƣ˵ûκα
û뵽ͻȻѣСͽͻȻһ裬ۣԹȴ¶˿Ҳ֪
ۿΪ֪Ļܻ𣿡ĿΪ۶ۿǼ⣬Լᣬ۵ֻһ˿.֪Ͳ֪ɣǽִǸ½޳ǵİ´ˣǺôҲؼҵˣ⼸ʮΪ˵Ͷˣ˵Ҫôأţ
ɫ䣬ȻǹԹ󣬵ûҪʲô˱飬üһҪ뿪ֲ˺ֻܼЦ٣¥᲻Ѿʼһû˵Ҫҿģǡ
ָĴ䣬ּ.أ.ǵذʾԺеĻῴ˵½ûʲôöЩǶ顣

ʿ¥ͻȻ.ܿ촫˼˶֮СʱǱɫޱ仯˿Ҳ̫ҰԣֻҲǣΪûˣҲ᲻𣿡
۵׻ɫ䣬֪ܡ
ʱǱ̧֣һ¥¥¥֮䣬˲ʧ
֮Ĵָ󷽡
ʱǱܵһμ֪ĲֶΣҲû뵽Ϊ˽飬ɤҲ͸һ˿ݣࡣ
֮޼ɫǺܺÿߵĻһתǷûУֻһ¥ð¥¥ݼҲܰ
һ˵ʱǱͽҲòԾ˶һۣ¥
ʱǱΪΣղͬС
վڿĵƹ£һ̴ľУװſĵҩһ򿪣ˬڳһڣ˱ѸٹľУ΢Ц
˸ĺμ棬ȪƵ̫嵤Щ˲̫̫嵤ãҽ⡣̫嵤ֳƳٵƷϵ̫嵤٣ʿҲһãͨ˵İͲֹˣԳƵҩ
˵ŵѾ಻ס˫۽̴ľӣֱӳۣƷʯ
롪ôߣ
ƷʯֶǮ
ǮֵʯһҪĻһٿƷʯǧ򡣡
۷׷ף˽֮ǰû˵Ļ̫嵤ļƷʯЦؿղű۵ķ򣺡6Ʒʯ𣿡
壡
İ٣
İ壡
۸һؼҷżĶҪֵԼǮǶǵһᣬΨһܹǽС˵ȥѺһֱӰԱһҲЩ룬ʶҲ
ʱվſڵˣƹްʱǱҲ·ȴһ۾ϳ
ԶգСǱǡ
Զһ㶣֮ǰʱǱǵ̬Լ˵Ļüͷ£ȴתͷ˹ȥ
֮ͬǰļβƻֻһſԽ룬ǰ̨Լͨϯıͣǽϵĵľݣȥİ䡣
ָ¥ݸڻ谵ֶź£ģԶֻܼģһſ¥ݷϣ̨ʱʱͷ˵һվ̨ϣһŷ֣żͷſŵ˽䣬ģֻһ˱ֱվţƺڹ۲ܡ
ԶղÿǵҲһ۾ϳʱǱɿɢģƺҲûпǡ
Ҳע⵽ǵ񣬡裬ǿʲôأ
˵ʱһֱǸоʲô߿
ײԶնȻƿߣۻȴȥˣǾ䡰족ڶߣĵ׳˱ײǱͷŭ⣬һ˿Ȼʧ
ʱǱȴûע⵽Զյߣ˵ѹûԶǺԶбϷλá
ԼЩͬϢ
֮޻ýζ˵ǿ̫嵤ϵ϶ʯ
һػ֮ҲûʲôʱǱ˵;ˣʱСǱ
ʱǱԸأ
̯֣֮һƿ
ʱǱЦ㵱ء˵Ц΢䣬̧ٴοǰһۡ
ô
ʱǱվֱˣ̧¥Ϣ
֮ҲվЩ˷Щţû
ǧǰǳս֮峹׽ǰԷӡݵͨ·ͨóȣ֮󣬾ͺܼˡ
֮޳ڶû壬С֡
ʱǱȴһһէߵü죺û֪ˡ
ʵֻоаϢ̫죬ϡʧ죬ʮ񣬼Բ
¥Ϊ˱֤˵**ÿһ䶼󷨣˿첽ߵʱǱİǰϢһ£ʲôҲûо
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ʱǱʵ̫ȷǲޣѸʧٵаǵһ
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뵽ƶš
֮޿һۣĬĬ֤ͳؿϣȻߴˡʱǱͽҲˣš
ʮȥ޶
֮޿ʱǱͽ
֮ٴţô׺Цĵ鷳ţ޳ǰ´ģѲ顣
ڴá
֮ºͣѣ鷳һ£֮ǰļᶼˣֻʣˡ
Ǵ¥һ䣬֮˵һ㲻ɡ
ʱǱӦ˵Ϲ˴Ĵָ
ɫûš
һ˵ʿ԰´ĳַԱһ㶼ǱܲͲõ̬ȣϵ٣ҪôĄ̫̊́Ӳô顣
ǺߣץŰֱ֣ˡ
룡
ᡪ
б˺֮޺ʱǱһۣһ߿š
˻ûü٩ŵһŨѪĿ䴦ŵĻ̺ѾѪҺȾ͸һԵڵأĿ©˸󶴣࣬һϣʵõȹһͬĶƤѾȥһ棬ӤȴӰ
˺˵ĳȴ޷˸עʱǱĿתֻվŸòŮʣò紺£һѪҲ޷ڸٴ⡣
⡭֮޴һ˲ץסʱǱͽĸ첲һǱɫƻǺ
˸ۣʱǱЦˣ𣿡
֮ʶ𣿡
ʱǱԣĿ»صŮʱɫ΢΢Щ
ӤȥĶˣʣô
Ů˺󾪻ŵıһ䣬۵׽ˮ⣺Ҳ֪ʲôӤѽҲ֪ô
֮Сݼԣ仯̫ˣе١
ʱǱ˼
ŮȻһ䣬ղŻҲɳȻǲϵҾͲˡһЦûȱΪˣǼʿ࣬ظҹǡ
֮뽭ͬʱˣٴС
ʱǱȴЦˣôǹǣ岻˵𣿻ĵؽˣ˵ϰ߶ˣ
ŮʱǱƺһ˲ȻȻƻΪצϮȥɣ
ʱǱܿһƣסԱһѾ󣬳ж
ʱǱû뵽ôץסһ˲ŮҲ£Ȼ߳ŭſЩʿ
ʱǱȻܷſø
óŮһŤʱǱѸ˵ߣضˣñҾǸŮ˵ĻҪûˡ
֮ѾιŮ˵ҩڲ鿴ԷŭҪûҲû
ŮŮˣŴȻ໹ڣѿô󣬳ӶҪˣȷҪץҶǾ𣿡
Ӥ
ŮƲ죺ȡˣô
ʱǱɫһֱ֮վҪŮʱǱһסס
˸ƣǰ̬ȣֻҪӤǿԷߡ
ʱǱź֮޺ˣصиߡ
Ůɵؿ˱任վλһۣ˭֪˵ĻǼٵģϲˡ
һҲ򲻹
Ů˵ˣƺ˼
ʱǱиߣ鿴£ʺ֮ޣô
֮ɫأ̫ãѪȻֹסˣйƻࡣ
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֮һ㶣ͼʱǱѾͳһûùĻָ⣬ˮڷֽд׭ơ
δ׭ƣҲûдʽʮֺ棬Ҳ֪ʱǱʱȻǲǺֶߣסǱ߿ߣһΪиһߵסʱǱĶΪڻ
ʱǱ죬Ӿͳ˷ɵӹʱڷʲôһһȻɣ
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Ů֣Ǻʲô
ʱǱָ䶯һɢӨӨָ⣬Ů£иϣɫľϵɢӨӨâиɥʧ
ʱǱ̧˵ģôˣ
Ůؿǣƺڷ˵ĻǼ١
˽ʱһд˽֣ˣ


34 
ᣨ
˲Ϣ֮, ſھվʿм̽ʶ
ǡһʿиߵĲ״ֿò紺Ů, Ժʯһ
иʸȡֵ÷з, ͨϰǻΪϢʵ֪飬΢ʿǶԶԴšѾԶ̫, ˵ⱲʦʦǱӰû, һйֵ·, ܴЩħֵϢ, һ㶼, 棬˵ϲʳ, ҲҪкµʵ, ˿̿ò䲻ŮԼһѪ, ʿȻǸӦ, ̲סض࿴˼ۡ
ֹʿҲһ, ֮֮˵ִӵ˾ڣҲֲǣڲʶʱôõĻᡣ
ܹʵ￴, Ҳܺͬʿľأ
鿴, ЩʿǶóԼķ, Һ˼, Լʵʵ, Ҳˣ˱ߺ۷׷ף
ҿŮ񰡡
ŮһǺ꾫
һʶξûѧãǾֻûо
֪ܲǵﲻ˵꾫˳ôˣ
ôһ˳ԵúܲרҵʱҪЦڣ
ô͡
֮ͣͣͣȥˣҪܳȥûأ
ܵʿһŷֲ֪ʲôʱ򣬺۳һѪΧСȷţƤӳĳ컵ɫʣ˲Ծʧһ㷭ӿ׳ʿĿһһֱ
ֱһɻѪȺͳʪĳζɢ
ʲôζöİ
ס˱ӣļҲ׷׻
ȻȴѾˣĳйƻȴˣҲΪ˶ˣΪа۳ɼɣźХаʱǱԼſײȥ
ʱǱͲ֪ûƻĵ˼Ĳ²ԭʱͲ˿еһζͬʱһܣһ㿪
֮޺ͽվʯͷؾ֮ǰҲѵأҲʱӦ㿪ĹȻſڵʿȴûôķӦ
ûʵ壬ϱƤë֮У˿ӰƬ̣֮ǰʿǱ׷ҽУ˿ȥƤڷڣƬ̣ͳսһ̼ɫۣƺҲڸ̼Ӳ
еʿʹధڵϷŤ˲״˲伤˵Ŀ־壬ʱٶҲûԸ⿴ˣû˽Ŷ㿪һȥ
ҽ˷
Ҳһ̱⣬ҲΧ
ʱǱȻϰչʶΧߣʶҲһʶͨʿھͲֻǲˣܵһӰ죬֮ǰڰļʶڶѾʧһջصȻܵ˹
ĬĬֻܲǹ壬ṥʶʱǱʶ䵽ͺ֮ϣû¾ͷģȫעһ
һƼϸʱǱĿһݣ֮ǰеķⵯȥֻߵͲͬĽŮڵأһƾնźɫİۡ
ʱǱȴϣֱӽһŷǵʵײײ˺֮޺ͽע⣬ֻɢȥĺ֮Уһͷñˡ
֮޾ȣǡ
üаޡ
ʱǱذ׵żһѾĶñߣذ׺ǰӤ
֮޺ͽ㵿ȥֶñǿ°ƺʲôڲ֮ñ˶ģ壬Ҫ˵ĶѪ£һ̲ڵϣ̲Ѫ˷ʲôҼʹ˳ſȥҲ޷ʲôʱǱô˵ҲѸٵ˶ñ˵һߣ
ñ˹Ц˵Ӥ֣°ݶһѪģ⣬У綫𣿡
Ż
ƽЩڵĵײʿƽʱҲѪȵĻ棬էô̵ĳ棬ټǶþòɢֱ˳ûµҲס졣
ʱǱ۵׺˵Ӥ֮Ͳлꡣ
ñû˵˻ŴӶñ´΢仯ɤ֪ʲô
ʱǱٴ֤ԼĲ²⣬ĵȴû˿ϲ⣬Σգ
ñ˲мһЦΪߵҲڣһҲ򲻹ҡ˵ţѪһףǡö˻ԵиԱߣЦֻȡȻǷˣֻþһȥˡ
˵ʱ֣ԶñӿٴηֳȻʱǱſڵʿϮȥ
֮ǰñ˵һιſʿʱӵľͶˣڻſڵĶ֮ǰܲģ˿̿ٴϮаһ־ž
ʱǱһŷסаĹƣȴûֱӴɢаûлͷֱܣ˾
ǼʿΪԼɣۼһҲʱǱ˵ѲֽŲûʹһʹ˱ֶŲ
˶ˣʱǱ˷ŷһ֮š
֮һֱиԱߣаҲгģû㣬ԵиѾɥʧ˴ûпܾͻεϣûˡ
һָֻиһֻŸոսʼͶҩҩ֮Ӵ߷ľϵ͵ҩҲֵֹܵ㰲ȫȴļ٣ʱǱͽѪСЩ
ааͬ߱ɱȴһģһаŷɥѪޡ
˼壬Ща޵ʽѪҺаٽаΪãѪҲԼĵȼ֣֮ѪūǿаѪѪūаѪ֮䣬ѪѪѪɷѪǵΪҲܶӦʿ𵤡ԪӤѪūǸаͨˣаѪȴ֪ΪΪ˵Ѿǧ꣬жϣǺҲǷڵĴˡ
֮ǰʯͷؾ￴ЩͶѪֻΪ˵аڶ࣬Ҳûһս֮Ȼаʿһ缶ǵԽսʤټаӱаţѪ޸а֮аǱΪʿ࣬аȴȻʿ𺦣ͬ򶷣ʿ϶·硣
֮֮ǰûʶѪʶˣ̲סͽʱǱͽ˶ԸѪһս֮ии¥ȫˣһ̫󣬻ͨˡ
뵽̲ס⿴ۣԼȥˣ޺ôһû
аޱʱǱͽǰл޷ӳȥ·ǶʽԽԽݣǷʱǱͽΪȻһ㣬ַȴ󣬸⣬ȻŶסˣҶ㣬֮޺и۵׺һٿسǱȥ
Сģ
ʱǱͽͬʱһʱѾͬʱ˺֮޺иǰ
ȻаȴֻһУһȷѪĺɫȥΪʵ壬ϵĺҪſӡ
ʱǱǰΧ³˾飬ȻҲһָֻ֣ⷭɣһöذ׷ɵаձܿذȴǡò˰ŵİϣľֱ֣ӷڡ
аޣ壬º곯ʱǱȥ
ʱǱܿĺӭϡ
֮޿ľսСЩ
ּʱǱû·磬Ͻһƺѹаޣ˿ֻ²鿴иҧҧΨһһűĹԪиʱǱͽϾˣи첻ˡ
ʱǱͽһݣֶѸ
аȴǶϤǵ뷨ʱǱһͻȻת˷򣬾ȻϻԵиȥ
ں֮һֱעߵ׳𶦰иһ¡
ȻҲһ£а޸ȷǻᱣи䱾Ĺһһ³иͺ֮Ϯ
ʱǱĺ֮޺иİȫֻܸıսǰлΪи֮ǰˣҲ޷ȫֵ޿ײа
֮ʦƽʱʵսͲ࣬ҪΪи֧׾¼ξѾǱʱǱͽҲͶúš
ȥǰ취аϣиȴȥˡ
ʱǱƺսپ
ٴα任λãȻۼʱǱͽǰлٴιаޱһЦһϮи
֮ѾЩңۼиϢԽԽ΢ͣҲûʱͷֻԼȥȻסиԼȴҲһƣҧ˿ŵҩŭɣ
аڻһΣսʤıͱɢЩɹЦһܱɣ˵һɢʱǱ
ʱǱȴ·𱳺۾ܿͻһͬʱһżΪʵǻƷָ⣬а޶ȥ
ۿаȴЦһŲ£ʵ֮ǰֵĽǱƶ뻭ץסҵδȻֹ֪оʲôȻٷɢʵʱǱϮȥĿڶñ£ʲô
ʱǱһֻóտҲس˻ӣЦеҿ󷨺е⣬޲һ¡
ԭǼ٣֮ǰа޳ŽʱڽĴ档
ʱǱͷа޵Сһ۾ϳ󷨣ϵ©óһֵǮĲȥ
һŲಹڶ
ȻһֻжĲȴ󷨵Уֱӽ󷨱ˡ³˷⴫ʱǱԼ˭Ҳ֪ԭ
а޲֪ԭ뵽Լһֱ̣ıȻƽˣаʱǣȫʱǱȥ
ʿõڶ֪ƽĴķ
а޳Խ۵׵Թʵʣ˲ϢܶʱǱ
ʱǱзȴûϵа޺ȻǲҪһɱΪ֪а
żһżãĩʱдϹŷ󷨵Ĺżжѵÿ֪ҲһСҵĻ鷿͵ϢֻҪԼ޸ΣܽתΪħаеκһ֣κһ嶼޼֮
Դӵõ֮а޲͵˸粻ؾ˲ٱ󷨵İΪԽԽߣõλʶλһΣҵõöСؾĽӣ˵ıֶΣһֱ̣
ͨһպлԵܳΪаѪ˵ұҲ֪ȻĿȴڽ챻ʱǱƣһֱΪƽ󷨾ȻôһëͷСһ־ˣ
аһ˫ڶ۾Ҳɺ죬˲ƽʱǱʱɭڣôģ
ͻȻʣʱǱ˰룬תתʵʵ˵иС©Ҳˡ
а벻ֻش𣺡ܣ
ţǹżǧǰħ֪ħħ޺агȴȻ١˵䱾ǷţҲܼܳҶ뽫£ֻħħ֮ǰͼӺգ£ܼ˳𣬺ַħΪϣܼ֮󷨵һţ֮ܶλ󷨣ɺôһëͷСƽ!
ʱǱа޵նĪΪʲô˵Ϊʲô
аħȰӰɢǡñܿһȭֻʣһ˫ͫضʱǱȻ˵д©˵˵ʲô©
ʱǱܹ˵©ײ
ʱǱǿԽŵΧƵĺּۻ۵ҾͻشҪҲشҸ⣿
аһĿʱǱűߺͣѸа޵ģһץסʱǱ콫յ̫Ѫζ˱ǣΪк̸ʸ𣿡
ʱǱסָһһذƾճָ䣬ǡõа޴ü𣿡
аûʱǱǴذףҲΪ⣬Ѿ˽ڣǰСӲոһ㲻ϵذ˵һתװʾ˵ʲô˻ҡ
ʱǱ￴۵׵ĽƻƣȵסذףҪЩӤ֮ʲô
ак˸Ц˭˵ҪӤӤֻ˳Ҫи࣬ԭ𣬵ȻΪҵ˰
ˣʱǱۣ˭
а޿ϵĺǲǡ
ü֮ǵɵӣֻ꿴űһɵ𣬻УҪˣһģȻ֮ǰҲͺϻôãǲϲûɱ˵ѪԼδʮֵƭ
аҲûΪǻϵһЦѾڵϵаƵ֮ǰĺŨڱйߺֻ˲Ϣ֮䣬ܽ˸ʴһ̲Ѫ⣬ѪУҲĿ֮
ʱǱ
֮аԶ֮ǰаȻɧţΪʱǱͽߣĲҲ٣Ժ֮޺иҩȫġ
ʱǱͽܱȴûӰֻз͸˿ʾǻšȻҲԽԽû


35 
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ʱǱͽǰһƬ, ڵŨǵ꣬ߣҲʴǵ֡
ʮ㷽, ͬʱˣԼܹ
ʱǱд⣬ȥ
Ȼ붯ȴȫӲ, аɭ󣺡ôƽҵ, ȻҾȥ
ʱǱûʹĽס⣺ѵ˵Ͳɱң
аЦһҵȻǻɱ㣬ҿһȫʬֻͬ࣬ôʤȯ, èϷ, ԸᣬֻҪԼԼ, ҾͬȫʬΣ
аϷǵʱǱЦ
аһ㶣漴ɤɰ䣺Цʲô
ʱǱȴŨڵΪһ壬Ψһµֳָʵ, ƤŹץʱǣƤִƤµĽϽһƤֻõʱǱĺĴ
ʱǱƺ޲ʵһᶼûˣ
˷, Ǵ, Ҳг, ͷ˻䵭ȻһʣҪǴûˣ쳤ӵƵġ
аԽĥʱǱԽ֣۾ȻʱǱıʮƽԲ֮ǰеɫ
ѵ˵ǻʲôֶΣ
뵽а޾뵽˺֮ޣǸҩȻûйôҲǼóʿô붼ûֶΡаһݣҪɢ̽һ͸еһ
䵱۾Ȼȴ֪ذʲôʱֵģսľضذףаҧÿ죺ôƵкڣ㲻ܶ㿪ҵߡ
ٿҡ㿪𣿡
ʱǱǰаһ㶣ʶ֣Юסɻڣһǡ˭
аޣ˭
ʱǱɤЦҪ£
а۵׻һ˿̶µָȻǰһͣǵЦ⻹ûӿ֣ȴԼͳˡһֽ
ʱǱҺò׻Ψһһˡ
аʲôôģ
ʱǱôģ֮зȨ
֮ǰʱʱǱﻭŷͬʱһõķ¶ķƱдͼҲǳصǵ˲״ҴߵǸʱͰŷ֮ǰվĵط
ʱǱ˵¼ս֮Ȼ治⣬ȼʱǱȥһ̣Ҳͽķ֮ǰվĵط
ȻĿɿڴһĻˡ
һʱǱ
Ӧ˵ǣ·˲䣬һʱǱһģһˣģƶϸԿؿڵƺں
ǶʱǱȴѾѸٶ㵽˽֮ʶʱǱ֮ǰصĵطȥȴʱǱӰ½Ŀط֮ǣͼʱǱ뽭ͬʱֵľ
һ̣ΪԼ֮ǰۻˣʱǱҺͽһа޵Уŵʱ򣬾ͼа޽ʱǱ󻯳ʵ壬ƺҪ͵ϮĳҪѣͫȻһҲѿڶ֮ǰʽ֮ǰʧڽʱǱٴγ֣Ȼ˰ذҲվааȴƺһ
üһҪԣ֮ޱһüһ
Ӱûôʵģⷴתתٷתν**𣬾մ̼֮ǰκһӾӰҪģϾӺ͵ӰĻ¿ɾԶĵط
ʱ˿̣֮Ҳ֪ŷʲôˡ
ģˣ˵һģһҪ˵֮Ѿ̻Լʹõĳ
аԺҲֳˣ뵽ŷôҲԼľأʱǱֻҪ㽫Ļңһɱ㡣
ʱǱЦˣ˭ɱ˭أһȥȻôһش𣬲Ȼشҵĵһ⣬ǶȡЩӤ֮Ҫʲô
˵仰ʱذǶа޵ҪĶ
ѪаȡѪҺ䱾ѪҺҲǵΪѪҺʧʵҲ½ǴʧѪܾµ˴ѪͬʱҲ壬ѪһǿԽһѪҺ뻯ΪѪȻ󽫱Ѫ֮УҲҲ޷ǵ塣
Ȼа޵Ҳа޵ȱݣΪһҵǵı壬ǵƤѪͻѸ·硣
徱һѪҺ߿ԴﵽϣɼѪҺʧ֮졣а޵ľѪҺȻԿѪҺ٣ɻḁ̇̄ʧѪҺﻹаȥԻԽԽֱѪҺ
ʱ˿̣аҲˣڲŷ֣ذʱÿһ羹Ȼƺ˵ģⲻڱƹ˹ǰ;а֮ǰĥµ˿̴Լʱ̬ԽԽˣĵ֮Ҳһ˿־塣
Ҳ֪оڲϵذ΢ΪѹƤذжԼĻͷ룬ٿࣺĲ֪ҾǷ£Ѽ֮Ӥֻֻ֪Ҫѹε֮ԻаѪ˵ʶõµаҾΪЩȥɱЩиģʲô֪
а˵ĻʱǱÿɷ񣬻˸Ǻһ𣿡
аһ㶣תתɾţǣҺһֱһա
ʱǱذһתĲٴ룬ٸҡ
а޴˿ȴһ仰Ҳ˵ˣǼзֵĺϣʱĲƺ΢Щᱻܡ
ֻʵ
âֺĴ̾ˣȻһͻᱻĿ־ȴԽأаɢ磬ʹһ֮Ҳðգ֪ܱʱʲôоԼȥġ
ǡа޸˿ڣݴģҶ˵һ֡
Ϊʲôһ𣿡а޲ʱǱֺȣʱ䣬ЩѪܲܲͲ˵ˡ
а۵ԹƸ۵ĺ壬һźľۼԼؿڣаɢѪѸţסʹ࣬˻ƵǺǹõģǸΡ
ʱǱûˣ
ûˡ
а޻£˲仯ΪһźʱǱѸ棬ٿϵѪѪ齥Ϊһ壬ɫΪŨزɫִתڣǴڣϸܷ֣ѪɺԵĺںɫ
ڰֱײԹ޵ɤ޴ڣһɱ㣡
ѸپۼгΪŨڵһƣХŴӶ¥Ĵڷ϶Ʈ˳ȥ
˶û뵽ģа޻ҲһϢ֮䣬ʱǱѸٷӦһ߿׷˳ȥͷҲصضԺ֮޵Լ˰æ
֮޵ͷ漴ʶ˿ɻЩŵȻǻ֮ǰ˵ѪɷѪ֮ǰһλĻᣬҪΪѪҺһ㲻ãû뵽ҽ쾹Ȼˡ
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ﶼЩΪ»߸ͺΪͨˣ֮ǰ̫嵤ʱǾ淢죬֮һֱûͣҲûɢˣټ϶ʵΣҲû£˽̫嵤ᱻǮĵ֮⣬淢鼸Ȥ
ֻкԶƤһֱܾòҵԱĿѯʣ¥ôĶ᲻Ƿʲô飿
ǿûԶգҲ֪ĶݣΪ׾С΢Ц¥ϵĴǳŪЩֻҪʦЩû˵¾û¡
Զ˳ſ˵Ŀ⿴ȥڷֿվŵĺˣȣЩǱ𣿡
һ㶣漴ЦֱԶƤƺЩ̣ԴЦؿڽܣǿɲǱڣǼλ޳ǰ´λѲԱḺᰲΪҰȫĴǩЭ飬˵˵ǲ⻹ڸ磬ǹԱ
ԶĿٴɨǼˣʱǱ֮ǰкǴ·ȥ¥ˣЩʲôˣ
ֱЩѹ˵ǰ´ִӵļλ˰ɣλҲǰ´ģɵλһָָ컨壬ѾͲţ˵⼸λǵط´ģǼλֱˡ˵ԶճؿŶ¥䣬ԾȻϸһ䣬ѧЩȥʸģִܽӵĶЩǰ;˼ʲôûϥ³ˡ
΢ȴԶóһʱԼˣһʱ־ûɻ
ݣȻ֪Ǹһƺ㾡ȫ֮ԸԶҲĵطȴ˸ѡһбӲһԱӸλ˵Ĵ
Ȼôأ
ʱǱһֱڸԺ󣬺űҲʱǱˣֻǸͨͨĸнʦ֮˼ӣټʱǱѽѣƽʱʮ׾ݣѹݵˣҲܴʱǱš
ʱǱôΪʿģڻغؼ֮ǰ֮֮ǰΪʲôûиǣ
ԶԽԽ⣬ҲԽԽĺʱǱʱ˵ĻԼǴӲ׽̬ȣǴ̤ؼҵһ𣬾͸ûһ˷
˼ԶɫԽԽΪԼղǷŲˣ΢ûжҲֳԸٶ˵ģ
ԶճصԼλãѾȵżʵô˵
Ҳ˶䣬Դ֪֮ѣ˭ѧʱûС˵Ǹƺ־ܴĵطѾȲȥҲ֪ĹǸĶ
ȻԶȴûлشǶ˶ȴû˵ֳһֳŭҰܵɫʣĿⲻԾ¥Ʈȥ
˳Ŀ⿴ȥԺͻȻֳʱǱվ¥ݴģĵ׻һ˿ʲôɼЩϺأ
ҲԶɫԣҪѯʣȴʲô/ʲô
ʶ̧ͷûʲôֱ˵߿ȥŷֲ֪ʱȻðһŷĺɫХųŵķ򣬿ɲ֪ô£ͻȻͣ£תͷ˵ˮơ
ˮߣ׸ߵˮߵβ£ã˵ĳλʦֹ֮һſŶǻʵˮᣬ۸񲻷ƣƵݻı־֮һ
˿Ȼһ̽ȫڣǾ֮ʱַڵĺ⣬ϸһᷢ飬۰ɺ죬ΨмСͫ׷ڣתƺڹ۲ΧɭϢ
һϸȥˣǡþмֻ۾ߣԹ߷Դ͸裬Խŵ׶ֱͷƤ÷ɿ죬ܴӺĳʧȥ̵ֱͬײŷһ쳹ļС
з·ĺŽǣγѣֻʻɢ
ʱǱͽǴ˿ģһǰһס˲ڵϵаޣߴ¥ִڵİ´Ա˱õԴ
ǿ־ĵƹµõ˻⣬Ȼƴɺ˫ۺǹ򶷶ʱҲûռ˵֮󣬿ֻŻǿʼӡ
´ϽԱһֱһ¥ѲͼලΪ޷ʱǱͽսȴҲѵصرͷӬһҴܵĿǣǾۼڰȫĵط
ʱǱͽûк֮ǣ⣬˿̵аȴԶ֮ǰڰἬ֣֮ǰΧа޷ʽҲˣаȫһʱʱɢƵģץס²š
а£Ȼѷһ޷䣬ʱ˵ߵûදʱȭⲫʱǱķڣаû塣
ʱǱõûй˼ɶˣȻ֮ǰΪٸߣ˿̾ҲѰʿϾҲнΪѾʵӵн𵤴Բʵа޴Ҳûơ
һźȴɢǳѸᣬһδαɢ֮аҲ黫ʱǱӲӲȺĴܣУҽͬʱҲʱǱͽͶ
ץңаЦڴصҿǵı°ɡ
аĹɺȺۼײȥΪİ´ʿסаޣżкͿ޺˵ز˱ͷܣбϯˣʱȫڣûϢ
һʬһ֣Ļұ㵽ߵ㣬˻Ų·ӿߣаȴͬèϷһ㣬ɢÿһںʹֻҪǱܣϯȥ׷Ķӡ
ʱǱһҪˤСŮƽĸĻŤһżһȥδ£аȺһϸߣסŮ˵Ĳӣ˰գɭɭЦ
ôˣһһɱ˵ǾȵĿ컹ɱÿ죿
ŮǺ죬ͷѾеаӣܿѾ°ͺؿڣѪ˿˫Ϳ־壬ˮ£ȴκ졣
ſŲһֻͣҪ㲻ˣǾͷߡ
аɹЦˣ˫ɺ۶׼ʱǱԹȻʧȥ˴ΪҲûҪֻҪԷΪԼֽŽҾͷŹˣô
Ȼû˷ɺ۾һȻҲſ˱Ŀۼꡣ
ʱǱЦһӣʮӣ㲻ӣҾҷô
һ䣬ɺٴηɢֱײп޺Уа˶˵СǼȻǵģǾӦΪһЩǲǣ˵ʿͲѷ˵ֻԼˣ
֮޸հиٵԼҴҸôһ仰һҼ˵ĳ.ƣеǻúܰʱСǱսǿҪԷϹʣµЩ˲¾Ʋˣĸĸʵһֺ̣ȫһ
֮ǰа޵ĻҡĿҲӦ˹ǰʧȥս˲׸
ЩС˼˷׷׺ˣȻ֮صڵĵطһХתͷȥŷ֮ǰվмŵʿ֮һ֪ʱѾ˺һŷ£ŲӵŮ˱ˤȥһʿסŮˣٽ˸ղʿ
ʱǱһϵüΪĬ
֮ʱǱעƺ󣬳а޲ʱ͵ϮʱǱٵа޷ֳԸʱһааŮˣа޲סµŮˣ֮
һһֻʮɡ
аۼʱᣬȴҲŭɭһЦôˣҵҪǾȵĿ컹ɱÿ죡
䣬»ΪȺ
ʱǱɿ죬żأһаޣһһַָ۵һŷȺܼһŵ˺֮ʱǱĴסۣ
֮޷ӦҲ죬ŮѸȺһվסʱǱķҺ


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ᣨģ
Ⱥ֮޾ۼ, ʱǱͽҼлаҪˣǵ
ۼĿ˲඼ܵ˺֮ǱߣʱǱͽ赲, ûٴγץ, ͣ룬˫ɺں, ؿȺ
кӱɲľŵô, ĸһѱڻס, ǰӿ֮޵סЩ飺ιҪžųˣŸʲô¡
ɺ˲ۼں֮, ֮һ飬Ƥ񶼳, 治ɫʵ϶ʱǱͽ㶨Ӻ񤱡Ҳݣ
ʱǱЦС
ֽ̧˸ӡָ˸Ѹǰ
ȻʱǱ֮ǰҲӵĺϹ, ϾԶʱעҲɢȺϣûж࿴, ˿̾Ȼν⧲ͱɺ鶨ԭˣܼ־֢ܵʵĳ̶ȡ
ʱǱȻûܼ־֢Ҳĵ, ƿһ, ȳö˸ķ, ǰ˦ȥ
ѾʶʱǱ׼շźɢȥ㿪ǵȻȴӦ죬Ѹײڶ֮ں뱬ĻͬɢĻ𻨣䵽˷ֿܵĺ
ңаʿа޼ɵ֮뵱֮Уϴȼаʱажʹࡣ
ĲҽźĴӣ˷ƮɢˮƶӰ죬ʼ˸ǽһţҪ֮޺ΧȦʿǡ
֮۾ɺа޴򶷵ʱǱοû£ռϷ硣
ŷЩӴЩԴȥǱߵĶһɴ۾̲סһҪһ𣿣
ԣ˶뿴ȥֻǻ꣬ǽĺվۣܻܿ滺ͣͬѵĳߣֱϸڿʼӣͷβҲɼ˫ۣһͬʱɫĹâʢ˶˺£


ԲҵһοԲԲԲֻҪգ

ִᣬʱ䣬˶һʱͳֻȻûһ˵ľͷܹĻ£ۿɼͷȴһƬޡ
Ҫ¼໥ѯʣõ˭Ҳûĵ֮󣬾ͷ׷̾˿ϧ۾ȴȻ޷ӻƿ
Ƚͨ˵𺳼ʿǵļһЩȴҲҲգؿַꡣ
ڷ޷Զ¶üۣ죬ȴָʹһһаޣǰһĻָǿǲ𵴺Ǹ߽ʿͼƷ
һֱڶ¥ԼֵԼܼҲһĻ
ԶĿ𺳣·
𾪣Ҳ͵ǻŪõ
˵꣬һޣ޲˵֪Ϊ˵ԼǿҪõͬһ˿طؼҰʱǱӻȥ֮ǰ͵СûʲôرģʲôʱʼҲ鲻Ҿײ˴ϵĴܣҲţҿͦģǴܾǷޣ̽Ҳܸ֮磬˵˵öԲԣ
Ƴһۣûлش⣬ʵ֮ǰ˵ʱǱ˭Ƽȥ´ģ
ͱ˵˵˵ĵһתţǻ𡭡ĵʱǱģ
Ŀ˫۵Ļƿ󣬾֮ǰĽѵһ䣬ʱǱǲǰˣ㶼ҪȥûУ
ûлشΪڿնĻ
ⲻܣ
ٿתͷǼҵǡ
ޱ侯񿴹ͬһˮͷ£˲ѹס˵ߵĻɫα任սʺͼɵ۵ףʵص˵ͷ֪ˡ
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ƲƲ죺磬Ҳ̫Сˣ˵ǺжûУУҲ͵ǸСʲôõҼţִ֪硣
΢΢ŵüͷûɿ߻صѾ˴СڰеĻ۵׻һ˿ɣʱǱ
˽֪ǧǰָ֮˵˸磬֪ΪθߵȷҩԼɼȴԽԽͣǳ츳֮⣬һյӱرĲԣС
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ΪˣȻܹߵȷԼҲʱҺƼû֮󣬳ɹУ˳Ϊ֮׵ļ
ԼܹվȽŸҪԭǡ
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ԭԼ߲𣬲Ƿ֮ˡڷһ·ʱע֮û֮ǻ
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ΨһϣʱǱϵΣܹ鶼ף֮ǰİ˶ˣԼȴȣǹ
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ʱǱ˵ģȻȴҲı̲ס
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һ㣬ȫɫѿĺؼ֮⣬ҶףаҲס
Ҳ൱ʿĽΪȻȺĶԻһ͸ŪͿˣʮȷ˾ʱʿѪԵϵܹ׼ȷѪԵϵˣΪʲô˶֪һӻʱ˴ڣ
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ǵʱǱҪʺʱʱǱû۵ȴ˵ı顣
ǵ¥ˮߵһʹ򿪵ȵƣֻʱǱЩ˯ȴϨ
ǵúǰ죬ϸʱʱǱ·ѯʱǱʱʱǱ˵ʲô¡ʱΪʱǱų꣬˵Ǻ鲻£ڻʶʱǱ̤ؼҿʼؼҾʹûɹ
ԵʱʱǱ˵ǣǼҵ£ʲô¡
ۿܿˣڲ֪ԭǴʱʱǱѾΪؼļңΪĸĸֵˡ
Զ˵ʱǱΪӦòͣǵ㷨϶ܹ޸ϵʱȥݵͲóˣʵһȥҲкӣߺؼҵĲҵ£Ҫ˹ϴܶһˣǲ֪
ᡣ
Զһ٣ʲô᣿
ĨĨ۽ǵᣬɤ΢ɳƣԭǡ
˵ʲôأԶüĸûôõ츳˵ʱǱǺӵ²£ǸظģԺǺúöѵһ
ҡҡͷĿ⿴źĺ꣺Ȼѡ꣬ͲҪСǱǰˣԸ⿴ǣôҲÿοҲġ
Զգʲôôĸ쾭壬һֱͦ£˵㣬˵ˣ˵ˣҲ츳СǱΪ·ֵͬ۹ãǸã˵źԶվؿһۣĿǻˣʲô˵ʲô˵֪
̧ź׵ĺ͸һߴӣ۵׵ʹɫЩΣӣദĽ
衣ɿףۿ죬ʣû°ɣ
ѹĵɻڷĵº֣Ŀת󣺡Сû°ɣ
ͷҽ˵ûʲô⣬ԼҵʿҲаˣ⼸˵ʱܺá
˿£Ųһ˿ԡ
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СĿ˺һۣСҸո˵ûע⣬Щö粻ˡ
Ц£㻹˵ʲô粻˵Ļ
꿴ףŤͷ
ٴο֪ͨСӷʲôȻĿȴһֱ̨ûעߡ
ʣмڽǧƷʯ»ǹ
΢ȣ֮ǰ˵һƷʯֽʮˣ֪һƷʯô㣬Ҳ֪ˡ
Զգ꣬ǲǾĸ硣
һ
ҧǡ
Զ֮ǰԶԶ޺ʱǱ˵ݣºһЦʱԴҿСǱϵҲһģԻѧϰѧϰ
΢ɲؽ£ش𣺡á
˵ʱۼǹʿҲڵ
ǹҶİ˳ɻ͵ִ
ǿ϶İ֮ǰ˵ִǹȤ𣿡
ҲһǸִ˭ݵģʱִȻûǶԻǹȤҲһ
ǵĽͨ޷޵Ķȴ˶ܿġ
ֻûеȵ֮ȡֱӴʦǱ߽ӹ˻ǹתȥ˶¥
һֻʿˣ֮ǰʱǱ˽̸ͨҲ̲סԣ
϶͸ʱִˡ
ҪʿʯĻҲ»ǹȥ
˭أλʱִһʵбģ˲Ƿŵݻ϶ܽþͽõġ
˵֮ǰЩļλˣǲҲһ뷨
Ǽλ˻һ뷨һֱӿ˿ڣߵ֪ͬʯˣΪῪڵ磬Щʯˣû뵽ξȻôƷϧұ͸ʱִͽִִлԴⳡˣ͸á
ⷬûѹɤӴֻĿ¥ûýʿҲ
޲ĵһƨ
˶̶̼仰ȴ󷽷ԼҪʶִ˵˼չʾ֪ͼ̬ȣ˳޵ƨȵǣʾִ˵ͬʱҲΪⷬ˸лִˡͷǲΪ͵ٱû˽ˡ
ڼ˶ųʶע¥ϵΣע⵽ʱʱϷƳһ۵ĶָⲻɵģֱһĴʹѹ
ĵǰδекͳ嶯ʱǱ
Ȼ֪û֪ͨҲȥ۶ѧһʼļƻûʱǱȥ۶ֻҪʱǱˣ˭֪Ŀ˵۶ѧأʹ֪ˣ˶أ
ϧʱǱ֪ôȻõ֪ͨ飬ʿ
۵üˣҲʱǱͲɱˣʿѣֲɱֻҪˣһоһܻص졣
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38 1+2ᣨ꣩
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޻Ὣǹ, ʱǱԤϣԤϵǣ޴ǳʽʱǱһҾ, Ϊ֮ǰԷǸ
ޣ֮ǰð, ϣʱִԭС󡣡
鲻ԸڣҴˡ
ʱǱʱ鵱ʱѾ, òŵǸû·, ͻȻ֮ǰͺ¥ľٶ, 棺ôʶصġ
ʱǱƮʱ, ַСҪǲʶȤ鷳Լҵ, ѾԤ˼Ӧ԰, ˭ʱǱ˸⡣
˿ʱӿ˳, ûôʶҵģҺҸһ, ھưһ, ײһģҵʱе˼˳ˮ, ˭ǼúƵģûһ滰
ҪʱǱı, Ϊسͷ˲˵, Ϊûˡ
˵ģʱǱĵ׵ɻ󷴶ˣشԼϢô׼ȷģĶɺϣ
ƾƮһ˲, ֮ܿԺͺؼԺ󲻻нˣʲôʲôܶ޹ء
ʱǱת֮ǹĿڵϻλöһ
֮޶ǹ֣֣̲ס󣺡ôͲľϵǹ
ЦִҪľǹҿ԰ִ
֣֮ˣľǹôĲ󡣡תͷʱǱʱСǱǹ᲻᣿
ʱǱӹǹ𿪴ʯʯϻṹͲϺȱȱˡ
֮Ȥ˼飺֮ǰǻͦȤ𡣡
˵ûʼ֮ǰǹʱǱ׷ǻ
ʱǱϻӾͨʯûзֹɢãұСǷżƷʯ򻹲Լעñ㡣
֮ʼ磺Ҫôʲôǹһ̧̧°˸Ϊܿı飬չʾûǸо
ʱǱЦЦͦио
֮޵ãǰɡ
ʱǱž͵԰Ժɨȫ
֮Ц˲ʧǹ£צһʮָƮƮ˵һ顭
ʱǱһż⹴֮޷ǹǹڿջȣǹǹڶ׼֮һǳɣ
֮޽ԭء
Ժֻ֣ģƾʲô
үƾʲôôƽЩţǳ߾ӤЩȴֻɳǹһ˾ͺƵģܱѳΪѻ֡ѻǧŮġ
Ϊ˲
֮ĵζӳ£ӿۿ
ʱǱüˣ
֮ޱǹôңҾɱͶ̥ǹŻӣ⻹ƳʱǱԽԽɴתͷġ
ʱǱ޹ãȻʲô衣
ϰ߾͡
޺ûߡ
ûִӾȻķΧʱǱִӻûÿôͺͶѴһƬ˼ɻתڵʱִʲôƷֱǧ֥ꪣʱִõĻҿ԰
ʱǱˮ
صȴһ£û˵۵һ˿죬ĵȴܿ측Ȼ˵ȻЦϧûʺʱִķҩʱִκҪϵңҿ԰
ʱǱûһھܾЦ£лˡ
Ԥ˵¸ɿ죬˵˼仰ʹ뿪ˡ
ջصԼԼİᣬͱﲻסǸʱǱȻǵѹֱһţ
ٵȻȴϡУٵʿȴԳƵϡˣеʿʲôԣᱻ
ʱǱǰ֮һ·˼ô˵ŻعȻԼƽʱһЩҲһֱ㶵ţĸʲôҶס飬Ҿֱӱ游˼ҷ㡣
֣֮ǰҲǲʱǱǵֲɵڵ˿϶ȥˡ˵Ҿ˵ôһķôڵǵͲˣĸͽܡ
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Ƴһۣ
ʼ磬һ˵ôΪʱǱȥұ鷳غʱǱᣬԼ˭ֳƿ졣
һ£ͻȻһ׮£Ⱥ˲˵а޻ֻҳôûأȻԼҵؽ£ǺҪӦòѰɣ
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ʱǱ˶ԺƷûʲôȤǰ뿪ˡ
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ʱǱЦأ
֮޿Ҫһǳʻ㱣࣬ϵ顣
ʱǱ£ʰɡ
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֮޹ʱй˷ܣ
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֮ǲģ˼⣡ѱֱһƣߴʱǱ죬ʲôʲôƷ׵ģ˼ţԽϸԽʡǮõЩʯܻʮ鼫Ʒʯˣ
ʮ鼫Ʒʯ
ʱǱֱ̾ˣƽÿֶǵãţױšѰаšзšһţͲϸ˵ˣʮŵӰɣдͷһš
ּдٶȿ죬ʱǱһдһֻʱǱ˵ķԽԽ࣬ͣ
ʱǱע㣬ģ̫˲ܱ
ҡͷû˵֮Ѿһſ˰칫ִʱǱ֣鿪ɤڻش֮ǰһõظһҪ˼ٸҴ𰸣ȻҾͻʳѰ跹˼һİɣ
ʱǱ֣óֽ˲ޱ飺ġ
Ҷûֱ˵ģ֮סؿڣ𣿡
ʱǱǰ
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ֱӴʱǱȱһףͷʮȽǣӽ̾ʣֻһ⣬ʡӵһȻеܰһһװҵİְ𣿡
ʱǱֱӰźľŲףҲҪôɵĶӣҪٹҾͻһŹжԶԶ
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֮޲廰ڻ֯ľ
ʱǱĿɨ´ƾɵκ͵Ƥǽᣬ˵ʲôԶ
֮޻һȦ󣺡㵣ĵúܶԡ
ǰĲ᲻ܱȽѡ
ʱǱ棺Ϊʲô
Ϊʲô֮ȵԶãԲǰѰ´ˣȻ˱𣬻֮ǰû˵϶һ߼ֵͲҿܻѼ۸͡
ʱǱȻѻӦȷʵֵʲôǮǵǾͲȥɡ
֮ðܼǴһǮǮΪʲô
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ʱǱԡ֮޼ɫ˶٣ɣȫûֽ֣
Ĭһҡҡͷûˣ
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ʱǱõķֽͷ˸ٴдһ飬дʱڣΪԲ÷ȥ
ʱǱΪʲô
ıżģԼо𣿡
ʱǱԼġ
֮굽ʱǱǰһŭˢڸУʱǱˣ˿ȲôģЩ㻭İɣ
ʱǱᡣ
ʲôʡ֮תͫ׵𣺡ȫ㻭ģǷޣ
ʱǱ˵Լʮ˰ͨʶǺܾãֵصͷǰɡ
ʲôǰɣ֮ţôǷޣѵǰʮ˯һʱһʱѧʱʦ㣡
ʱѧԡǱ𣿾һɡ
Ρѧ֮ݣȭͷӲˡ
ֹ֮󣬽дˣûдʱ϶˻ʣԼ˵
ʱǱȻΪͷлˡ
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ʱǱǻذ֮ǰͰѺʱյ˺֮޵ҩҩ޷ʱûĿŵȥ̫עĿ˸취֮ǰаƵĽؾźꡣ
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˶ǽӵˣ޷ķųֻ꣬ؾ
֮ǰ̽飬Ѿߵ㣬һȫҶȻȥʱȴӰ
֮ޣӦԼܵİɣ
ʱǱܣ
Ϊ˷ֹͻȻؾа˺ڽҶ֮ǰһ࣬ӱаһãܸһаȾС磬ǺԼ뿪ǽ㲻ƣǰȴˡ
˼һ˲صʯͷؾأΨһؾý飬⸽˵аޣȳȥ
ûжԣѸ뿪ؾ
غľΣ֮ޣô죿
ʱǱҪȥ̽̽
ͬа޼ȻԲǲɳǽؾ˵㣬һý鼶ǸߣڶΪǸߣп߶ǣǲյĵʲôʲôãһԽֱӹرǳؾȨޣǾͻ뱻׽
ĻʱǱͺ֮޶侲
ʱǱһκܳʱϰΣķηηʱֱǰͷѪνΪû·
ڲһˡ
ʱǱһʶһ㣬Щɣ˼˵Ȼ
һջǾȷº飬ȴа̯ӡд档
ָ֮䷢ԼǸäѧдı˵쵼Լ
ʱǱȻûд棬֮ǰѧУɽдְһ̯֣޹Ҹд
ǽڰ´д棬һؼҲһȥߣ꣬㫵úܡ
һؾƵ꣬ʱǱľһμǵһһ飬Ŷû
ʱǱʲô
һһһȻŤͷ
Сʮ飺
ʱǱһѽС걧𣬾ùȻģ˰ԴͶ䣬Сҳը͵̢ըҪ͵ģ̢Ҫϵ»ģҪҪֻҪ⡣
۾һգգŵӣͷص򼸸˲ιɣҲ⣬гһ˲ι𣿲԰
ʱǱһ޹С궪ɳߣͳֻĲһ
СһֱţʲôôǺɫģ
ʱǱȥըǼǵǼƵӵġ
ʱǱֻԴǣըԣԵ㽡ġ
Сͷʲôǽģ
ʱǱ˵ߣľӪģöʮײСӳʮ׵Ķ
Сȫöʮ׺ʮʲôֻںһ£𣿡
ʱǱȻ԰
˵꽫һأ˵ԡ
֮ǰӦĵӣĽֹˣ뾡쿪ʼ
ʱǱʼѧ˸߾Ѿںڿ̳һֻͷ֮ǰû̳ӹֱͷסԺûǮŽ˵һ޸һҹ˾ķǽ
˵ڶЩС׬٣УĶֻмǧ飬ǶʱȱǮýʱǱȥɺñڿ͵Ļ
ڿͷΪ֣ñڿñڿͣǰͬͨϵһΪǮΪ̼ܶ񹥻˵վǽ׷ͨ˵Ϣñڿ簲ȫĹǱ˾Ƹȥͻϵͳаȫԣæ޸
ʱǱӵһνӵڣѾС˹̶ĺˣͷĹǮôģֻǴֱ֣֮ǰٴյ˷ϢһǰδйĴ󵥣뿪ؼҶҪǮͽ
ʱǱҪôӦӦ˾
˶ʮʿǿļûĻѧʶٰ֣ش򿪵ɻУԼ֮ǰС֣һ״̬֮ʱǱϵλˡ
ҹҹèӺͺڿԾʱǱ߻ظܿ죬⼸ѾԹ˿ͻܶΣҳ˲©ҪʱǱټһ飬ȷ©֮ͿԿʼ޸ˡ
ɫĴһм򻬶ɫı͸ĹâӳʱǱζüۡ
ȥʱǱ˰Сܵûгںؼ˲ĵסһţݷһΣ֮⡣
޸ѾβʱǱ۾Ŵ룬˸ղ顣
ݷõģʱʱǱȻûгȥȵʶĶԻ˵Ǻ顣
ʱǱǿԻɺаޣ֮ǰ򶷴æңûж࣬ʱȴ쳣
ǧ֮ǰȻаޣħݣǿڲ࣬а޷û̫ڸУʱҴɵӳĴаʱֻ˳Ĵڣû˵Ѫޡʽų߷չ׳ġ
ȴͻȻ֮ǰɽѧʱƺĳżƵʽȽѪҺͣٴͭƤǣһΪޣɲط绯ʤΣõ޿ɹ֮
ϸа޵·ӣǽǱżʽ˲޸ģӿٶȣΣճ̶ȡżɺʱκӰ죬Ȼа޻һξͻԪˣ޷ʱ
Ѫ޵״ӺζǵĴɽûйϵ
´Ƭڱ΢âָ˺ڰӰֻģ˼
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39 1+2Ժ
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⳵ͣ޳ǸԺſ, Ǹ͵Ĵ壬˳͸, Դ幤ǸʲôģǼһ
ʱǱ߽, 忴˺һ, ˱ʱǱ, һʱʱûˣ߿ô
ʱǱЦеشк, ش𣺡۶ѧ
ѧУĴָ, ֪СϢȥԺ˵˵һ, ˾Ըˡ
ӻ, ʱǱ˸Ժһһٻ幤, ѧĺȥѧˣԺԵʮ塣
߽¥, ·˶¥, ҵ˸ͯƽʱˣĻҡ
ͷ׵Ժϻ, Ƕ顣
ĺ䶼С, ĻٶЩԵļԺ, ۾ҳɤЩûĺ֪µݡ
ûûעʱǱĵ
ʱǱһ, һԺ˵¡
ֱ½ԺſڻҺ󷽵꣬΢ȹ¶ЦʱǱУ߹ȥԺǵ쿴˭ˡ
С˷ܼˣͬʱǱ磡
ʱǱСŮԴԺЪҸǽ
СŮβߵĵͷǣʱǱ½ǣǷ׷ǰŲ佫Χһš
ԺЦЩȡϻ齻ʱǱãҪȥǽ˹һԷҪѻˮ
ʱǱվã֪ˣ
Ժ￴ЦŻתͷڴĺǣʱǱı۵棺ѻˮ¡
ʱǱװɵ㶣ʲô
ԺָָҪ˵ʱǱתͷʺǣѻˮ𣿡˵ʱеĺĻ
ͬ
ʱǱһ޹תǲѻˮ
ԺһԼЦˣЭ㽲ʲôʲôϴִܵĹ²׼˵ˡ
ʱǱӦѸ٣Բˡ
Ժһ뿪ʱǱתͷʣϴ˵Ķˣ
һСŮ٣㽲۸ֱһٵС˸ˣ
ʱǱСŮԴҽżС˸֮ûȡѵǺ˸СͬѧԼ۸Сҵͬѧѽ˸ᡭ
ʱǱ˵Ĺ¶ѧУĳЩʺСѵĲ֣ܽĵطʱǱԹߵĽǶʵͼӴײκһ˽Ժĺͬ಻裬ͯǣʱǱϣѧᱣԼѹѧȷķʽ
СͬѧʶԼĴС׺СǸ
ʱǱ˵½βÿСѵԴᣬջһЦˣ½ˣʱ䵽ˣǸȥԷˡ
ʮֶ£ԹŶӸʱǱһ¥
ɻʱ䣬ʱǱԺվǰƺĻݲԶؿŻƻˣĺǡ
ԺָһСڻǵôСһʱ򣬲ǧϵһһε
ʱǱ֮ûǧЦˣʱҲǧҪңһǵñ׷Ժء
ԺʱĳЦ˵㿼ϵ۶ѧˡ
ʱǱǰ
Ժѧѹ
ʱǱˣ֮ǰǺ˵μһ׬˲ǮԺˣٽӴ磬ʲôñڿͰñڿֻͣúڿ͸ɵĶǺ£ʱǱ׬Ǯ˵˱𣬽һֱ˵
ԺŲɣǿҪúôţҪǮĵطܶࡣ
ʱǱɴá
ֻʣͣ·ԶԺ̧ͷϸοһЦһתѽ㳤ôôˣǵøպʱʦȥǶʱ䣬ѧܶСǷһ󣬵Դſϻȥʱÿǿ찡
ʱǱʧȥϵͯ飬ЦЦ΢΢ԺķԼͷϣٸߣҵԴСʱһ
ԺͷЦºͣȥ˵۶ҪͬѧǺúദǮʱҪʡţѸԺ̣ҪԼţ֪𣿡
ʱǱվֱЦ֪Ǯġ
ԺҡͷԺ㣬ûǮΪѣЩ飬ӦÿÿÿǵʱʦȥʱҺ˵Ļ𣿡
ʱǱ΢˶ٵ˵ûһĺڰ鶼ԽԽá
Ժͷ۵ӳ·ƵĹâСǱϺôѧ򹦵ĵһҪԺĺջأδݵѣԺ̾仰ûйȥĿ
ůƷ˿ƮʱǱЦˣȡһƽ֮ǰȥƽ͸ġ
ԺֻͬѧȥģϲϿãȻϧع˲ϡ
չ⾭ȫʧڵƽϣڿڴһֽŷŵʱǱϿѧˣ۶ԶȥѧУҪ׼Ķ࣬ҪڵˣЩȥ
ʱǱŷ⣬Ž·Ŀڴǽ˿ڴп˶٣Цܵѧ𣿡
ԺЦǸ㿼ϵ۶ѧĽʱǱıۣˣȥɡ
ʱǱᱧ˱лл
ԺЦôôСʱϲֲڲϵʱǱڼϵԴ˵ͷĺԸã˵ԸˣСǱԽԽõġ
ʱǱһ̧ͷվֱػˣټ
ӸԺʱǱȥУͨԸĹϵֱӼоյϵٶȫ˸Ժ˻
뿪кһֱʱǱС̽Դ컭ôõһŷΪ͸𣿡
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С̧ͷ򣬴˭ѽҪ𣿡
ʱǱ˴С䣺Ҫ
СʱǱļϣҪվһȥ
ʱǱһѸ˻
ССüͷҸո֣ںΣա
ʱǱʧٵĺԼβ׵оʲôˣΣգ
Сתתβһ˦ϣҲ֪ǸоΣաβͣƳʱǱı飬Ԫ飬Щаһֱץҵģ֪ѽرΣգ
ʱǱ˵ϣʵûһ㣬ü̧Ŀɨζβͼ⣬һĺΣˣôﲻҪȻа޿ˡ˵ҪŽ
ҲȥСһѱסıۣղﻵˣòﻹԸȥʱǱɵĿ⿴ƿߣûôΣǻЩΣ಻о仰ʲôıҡǰ׼
ʱǱʲô׼ûУ
С꿴һۣʾʲôԱҵĶʱǱûһʾҪԷϣʱ̱ҵġ
ʱǱװ⣺ʲô
С꣺ǡ͸Ҫ˵Ķ
ʱǱװȻģ˵ƽ
СŴı￴ֻ֪ǹڶ
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ӸԺƵһ·С궼ù֣˾ƵıԴɳ˭
ܴӵӾһ񣺡ô
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СĵһԴȻ嶼壬ֱˣβʹɳžž졣
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Сβһ½Դɳ
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СŤԴ
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СٿǿŤͷȻ۾һ
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ʱǱ鴩ףָСԴи磬С
С겻ͦŵҪһǧˣ㷨ӦýүүָһڣƳʱǱΣյͦһջأߺұ󡭡
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۾û˼תͷ֣֣ǲһǧ궼ûȣɾأҹͰƵģرóԵĺģûǱֵطưɣư̫ˣرƣ֪֪ôֱƼپƺͲˮľƣ֪ɣҸ㡭
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ʱǱ֮ǰʹӺ֮Ƕ֪ڷϡ٣ȴ뾹Ȼϡ١
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Ϊغü̸õĺˣʱǱó棬Ϊ˱˻˽ޣɣֻҪʱǱ̬˻ڱʱǱϲģǻǳ״ȦʧֻҪʱǱԸ⣬ǶΪ˴ʱǱ߶֡
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ɫ谵¹ⶼУʿܹӰ죬ʱǱĿӼͨȥʱ־еס
Ѿ߼ߵλ׵ǰ仰
޷赲ʱǱ˵ĳƺ
ʱ֮Ҳѹߵλ**ĳ
ʱʱǱĿǡ߿ĳϣȫ޽ǰ߰ףȴϣ֪ǲʲôʱǱĿƽʱºͷ֣΢΢ͷʱǱҲջɢվֱʾء
ȫ࿴ߺܿתͣƺ½ǡ
ĿɨĵطһƬͣƺֻŷɻתڣǴεǵɽͻаԭ򣬲ҽаɽйа޽ƻѲȫӢսʿ**ػƽǰʿһܹ𣿡
ˣУ
ȫǾ񣬲ٶ࣬⼸ȥ
һܵʱǱǰλ޳ǰ´ʿɣ
֮ޣǡ
һŲλ
·˽ǴһСͿͻ죬ȴתķзǰ߽ܷ߱ɻĸʩǼʻգҲǿңǴϵͳõˮϵʯԼʻλǺˮʿǼʻãҲӦԸḻ飬ǲˮɣȼλbʻгҲ϶̣Խ첻ṩˮпȺ͸ƷȾǲλ׼ḻĲʳκʱ䶼ԡ
·˽ɻʩͣһųƼеǰһŲλڣλһǰ´λʿǰףλ
˶òл·뿪֮һƵꡣ
һŲλλԶϷйϢĴ̣ȷɻǻϵԣֻǸӿʡ
֮ϴһλһȥֳ̣ŷһԾ͵ϣȸԾ֣㣬Ͻ
֮޻䣬һſڴС
ʱǱתͷȥſվˣѩ׵ս´תԼڵ·ȴܿߵĺۼ
ʱǱͽλ£ǼʱǱǶ죬֮ǰʿֿǻһսִһܵҲμ޳ǰ´𣿾ĳҲҸЩİɣʱһа޾źǺȡ
Ϻȣ֮ſ̵ıأ֣˭ľϺȵģ
Цˣһܾͽb񣬲ϺѵɵģԼЦĿӺ֮ɨʱǱͽ˭Ǹģֻһ䣬Ǳʲôϴ£ֻǿʳָӣҲʬ
֮޼ĿϣǶ϶ǸˣЦݸЦ٣лҸ氡
˱鲻ƣʲô˼
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ŵһʱʱǱ󿪿ڣ£ҹߡ
ˬôĻҲҪȥһȴֺǱʲôס
㵵ؿʱǱˣӺ﷢ȴһҲ쾪ŭʱͷһأ·ƾճǧﶥĲӰһѹֱˤ
ʱƷҲע⵽ԣ
°ɣ
ô£
ǰ߿ǱǸŭĿӵʱǱˡ
֮˷ܣ
ʱǱʶȫϷɻǰĶϣĵ
֮޵֮ǰ𣿿Ҽţıôһֶ֮ǰأ棬мմմϲ
¡ʱǱڻشִӿռüŵݸȺ֮޽ӣŷӦеط𣿡
֮ޣǱİĶطţôĵС
ʱǱк˱ˣ⼸Ÿġ
һƽ£ɫ糣ؿ⡣
˻ʲôģסˮƵģڵϸŢ̌
ƷһŶʱǱλѣ鷳ʦܽ⿪
ʱǱҲ̧Ҫܼ򵥣ֻҪޱҸߣһͽ⡣
Ʒһ򱻷꣬ǵͨ죬ҡҡͷ
Ʒһɫѿѣæ·
ʱǱ̧ףѵλѵҸĳĶĳʲôϺ
޹޺·ʵı飬ֱöɫ
֮޷´ʱǱԱһ̶ȵϺʲôҪ
ʱǱУҲǣϺҲ޹ġ
һһֱͣöɫһһѿ⣬ѹ¹ǡ
㲥ŷɵ֪ͨҲסƷһżλѣʦ仰һЩҲκʵԵ˺һ־÷ְɡ
ʱǱϾǿʳŷְɣ
Լ֮ǰĻȥƷһŶʱҲƿԡ
ƷվԴǸ⣬΢΢ͷλѣйܺʦܣǵŅ̀ͷǽǹͬսսѣֵòԼκκôοѵãʦҲλѰ⡣
ʱǱӲ˼ôǸһСҲץŲţһоͽ⡣
Ի۾һɾҪڣȴƷסֱۣλѣʵͽǰ´һֱǺϵβλʱǴڵһ£Σ
֮ǰѾֲ죬ʱλҲ޺ǡ
֮ޣǣǲŲλá
ƷŶٶ٣ЦҲãȥһ
꣬뿪һŲա
һأ֮޾ЦһЦǵĺŪء
ʱǱѵü˳ı飬üңô
֮޽͵۶֮⣬ÿʡһ㶼Ǹ´޳ǺǣƽʱͷֹһһһһʡĬϸ´ƽʱҲʲô̫ĬҪһָӡʱǱۣɡ
ʱǱܿ췴Ӧ
һű˳㾾סĲţľյжָȨһӲӲ󣬱Ѹʱƣλ
üȴ֣˵ĵطȨᡣ
֮ţ֪ʲôͻ̾ʱ֪۰´ʵǿ̤ʵµҲУҲ٣ĿŵģЩǺƵġһǰŻ˼űء
ʱǱĺ֮޵ļ򣺡ȥ
֮ޱߣҵʱͲ
δ䣬ٴα򿪣˳ſڡ
֮ޱߵı˲ŭôǣ
һŮ˫̥θߴŮ𪣬վм䣬޺
Ůӻ֣ɤԭһŲѽþò
֮޷ۣŤͷ
ʱǱʱ֪ŮݡǰǸ
Ů˿֮Բӭı飬ЦؿʱǱ֣ǰ´ʱִķ
ʱǱסָ⣺á̽һײ㵽ֹͬʱջء
Ůü䣺Խ𣿡
ʱǱһͬʢЦ⣺롣
Ůм䣬ʽܵҽƣƵƣҵܵܣԶס
˫̥ͬʱͷ
Цº͵ĵԶ
ɫܳĵס
ͺ֮ʶʱǱҲ򵥽һ£һŲվͻָ
Ʋ֮УЦֺͻ㲥ҲʾĿĵػж೤ʱ䣬ΨǲλһƬš
ʱǱǻȫ˼Ķϣע档
֮޾ʹǼǳߺߵһֱŤԴ⣬ԶǴΡǰšǳǵ̡
˲ƺԶҲǶ໰ģȴﲻס۾ɨʱǱˣֿ㣬ϴӲͲˬģе÷뻰һȴҲ
ֱһ㲥Уλ˿ͣʮӺǽ׶ԭ䣬ڻӰ죬ʱеλ˿ͽ⿪ȫ壬ԷŴ򿪺ˡ
ץסڣÿȥصҪ׶ԭ䣬ҪȰĸ
ʱǱǡо͸ĶȤ˼ĸ
ǰʱҲ飬ʱĴ֮һ޽ұصһɽ֮УʱҲĸĴǵԼϴ̽ʱƣĸߵļޣһֱգֻȤܻº;˾һ죬˾˴ϲܾǴꡣ
뵽ֽɻĸĴֻ̽鶼ν棬֪˼š
׼ʱǱȤŵıЩ֪ʸݷãֻܵ棬ɽǸʲôģ
ʱǱ죺ȥ
ܡλƣɽ궼رأǴųԭʵǱ߽ʮֲȶайֻͨˣµʿҲѵֵаϮϲȥԭԭǣɽɽıƣֻĸ֮ɽڵ޺ֻأɽ
ɽֱɽ֮棬½أຣڣȫԼ2500ɽ֮󣬶ĸסĵطɽȴֻռɽһƲأ޷ɽ
һĸ⣬Ҳ򿪻ϻӡ
̲֮סһɽпŲǿ޴ޱȣһĹӾܷҪȥȥĻǼٵġ
ף϶Ǽٵİһǧ굽һĶУҪЩѵһȥժӣеĻ
ԶȴͬܵܵķɽĸôܴڣЩܼ֪˭ĸժӣٲĴпػģ
۵Ҳһȥժأֻǽβ֪ա
ɽɽ߱ˣʱǱƺзȨʵȴʲô
ҲѭŴ˷ܼһϵɽɽ䴫˼ı𶼣ɽϵȴһֻһֻײУʱѾԪӤ޶棬ϴһ˵Ű֮Сɽ½ա
ɽµļ䣬ֻʣ³顢ڡԼҳȴЦС䳰ȷ
֮޻ǼɽпŲ϶¾͵ĲĹأҪĶ
ͨ˶׻ǳֽز̬ͬȵģͨ˶ԣЩֻǸ¶ѣͰգ˭ҲţĳЩʷʵпεĳɷ֣ʵķҲ١
ףôô궼˷
˭Ҳ˭ݵ䣬ӻ׷ͼԷԼĹ۵㡣
֮޺׳ʱʱǱȴͻ뵱ϴʱ俴ǿƶ֮еĴԼ֦֮һӰ
ֻʱվǸֶ࿴ΨһǵõΣ֮ʱһɨʮᣬȴ۾һԡ
ʱѾӶ޵䵽ɽ¡
ʱǱ΢΢ֱ۵𾪺ãǲǴеĲĸɣ
 ԰ͬ


42 1+2ĸ
š
ĸ
Ǳ˼, ɻͻȻ
λ˿ע⣬Ҽ׶ԭضСǰай¶Ӱ, ½ֹ, λ˿ͽ⿪ȫ½׼, λ˿ͽ⿪ȫ½׼
Ǳֽ⿪˰ȫ, Ա߽ѣ֡
˵ֲγ֣Ϸɻǰ, ˶Ȧ, ϵϣֻҪעԼܿ
Ǳͺ֮޶Ҳ˻
ԽԽ, üϴҲай, ȴֻС˼¾Ͱȫ, ôоһ
֮ҡͷ̶Ҿûܸߡ
δ䣬һȻϮ, ˸޷, 汻˦ȥ
֮һץסһ߱˦ôȥһ᲻汻˦ȥ
һһ죺
ž
飡
㲥ٴ𣺡λ˿ע⣬ż, λýʩ˰
ֻһ, һŲ˱㱻һɾ˦ȥ֮޹һ绹˵Щʲô, 죡
ɻ˲˾롣
Ǳȴȥ½ʧظм˷һ䣬ſ˫, ȫε˱ļܡ
һ̣ȴоһ֮ǰ͸Ȧʼãƾһ
ȦϺһȻ
ǱܿӦ鲻ղŵȥٶˬ
֮ŵ۾ֻҶҪ˻ˬҾ鱻⡣
ǱתͷһðףӤϣڷ񶶶ԽԽúЦ̲סЦ
֮ǱЦ֪Цòֲۣ²۵СǱûģô㻹Ц
Ǳۿ·ɽۿ
֮ޣûġ
ôȵһ߶ȣֱӴӷȦȥ
ֱһ֮۾̽һ죺ˣ
Ǳ̫죬δˬ
֮𾪣ˬ
Ǳ˸ۣûڲǵŶ𣿡
֮ûֻ֣۾ſһ͸治һ׸߶ȡ
ǱһȥȦһٴתΪת֮޾ôһ£׼ŵˤ˵ϡ
Ǳһ˲˲ԭ򣬶ٱЦ
֮޴ӵ˫־ҪǱӣСǱˤ˾Ҫ
ǱҪ㣬һѾ۲ΧһֻסһˣˣǱжȥ
֮޺һǱš
ǱҾվš
˶˾Ͳ˵֮ǰΣͷ֮м䣬ǱϺ˳򳯶ȥ
һƬ֪֣Ҷºϻƣ֦ҶïЩϡ裬ȻԽ֮ͰԽ·Ҳӿ˲Ϊֻܼܵͨľ˹ߣ»ѩ͸һ⽥ûá
ȻﲻƣԽԽխ·ٲѡ
֮޴Ҳ̫˰ɣյ̫ղ̫ôôܣ
Ǳ²ۣûлش𣬽Ҳ
֮˸ûȤҲͣ죬ɰȰȰȸͣ˵ղŽʲôԲ˰˵ɽϳ˶ء
ǱӣȻ£
֮ŵһͻȻ˵ʲô
Ǳָָǰһֻơţǡȴ֮䡣
֮˲˰벽˷ֻʲôʲô
ҲĬĬ
ֻǱس޻˻֣Ҫ˵˵ҵˣ
ɤЩϤǱתͷȥȻ֮ǰһ𱻵ܡ
ǰһӺܼɾףǱҲһ㶣ô⣿
֮ޱǱϲʶޣôʣʶ죺ҲҪôɣ
۾һɣۿҪԶ׷֮ǰҵԶԶһԿţһ߾һȺױһڣаˣҪаҩһҪ¡
Զ˵֮ҲˣһӦûɣ
Ǳʲôʶ˰ɣ˵ޡ
׷˸ۣҲʶѵʶ
Ǳɣ״ȮƣţԻƣȮ𦡯ɽû
֮һһգ񹷣ƣţǣԲۣǴ˵нƣ
ҲǱ˵һһգȻǴ˵нơ
Ǳ˵˺úһޣޣԩǰߵǰü۴ЦƸ磬м֤Լ
ƳǱۣβһ˦ʧ
֮ޣղǳ㷭۰ɣ
Ǳ
ף֮ǰҧȺô£
˵ӦԤҺһߡ
ԶҲӦѹ֣һȺ
֮޳Ц˺úһĸޣôԩĸ֪ˣ׼ɽ˵ԼȻ򣺡ƲǴ˵ĸ߼ҸղҪǸǲǾܵĸˣ
ףɵơ
֮ޣɵ˭أ
Ҫ죬ƺͽһһ뷽Զ롣
ƵղǴֱӾƬҪȥ·
ҲǱûïܡ
ƿ򶫷ܿˣӦûңȥܲȥ˵ɡ
˶û⣬˳·ܿص֮ǰǱƬ֣ԽѾܿȹ⡣
˳̫֣ܿҲٿ
һƬƲݵأݵزԶһƬԶɽʯɽлѩǣտԭʼûκεȻ֮
֮˿Ȼûǿʡ
ںһ㿪ʼ׼ʳ
ʿܱٹȣִûʿھͱٹˣϾִʳֵܵסջʵڲ
ǱҲһֻæҲû̫ԶֻһЩ֮޷ڽһЩܸʲôûˮûһڡ
ԶңҺкʿҲˮȾ
֮۰Ͱ͵ؿǱУͿˮȡ
Դǰһ۲ͣϳٳٲϣǱˮƸһ˱˱ˮ󣬺֮޾͵Ǳˮζˮ
ˮˮˮǱܣǱҲģͱֱӹ屭һһȻվȥһ¡
֮޻֣ԶʵҪҪһ𣿡
Ǳҡҡͷˣȥȥ
߻֣ûü޴Сβһ̴βһ˦ڵϣ˺üȦ
ܵû޴һֱδǱΧһ·϶˵˵ǱҲװʵڱúˣ̲סԹΪʲô㱾Ҷˣ㾹Ȼܾңѵܶ𣿡
Ǳ˿һɣһʿ¸㶪ˡ
ܶٱˣϲ̵ϾʶôˣҲǺ㣬Ҫ͡
⿴Ǳ˯գȻֹͣ˿ĬĬԡ
˴˿̣ɽɽ
£ʯΣһһվˡ
ͷʤŮӲڲҶ֮ϣʤѩ˶һԣƾǰήɫն޷䵭ɫ
ŮЦӯӯʲפأȴɽΪ£
֮ɤɽˡ
϶ŮչһЦȻǲɽˣαɽȥֱϲɽһǡ
֮ԣŮӡ
ŮҲ˿Ϊ˳ָ֦紺ЦմӲ濴ȥȴ͸޾ᡣ
ϣаӿ֮Ҳ죺˼ƽǵĸѴ̡
ĸ촽·Ͼ£ܷңѴ̡
֮°벿֦ɴ׳֦Ҷïϰ벿֦Ҷ㣬ήڲʧȥء
ĸ촽䣬䣬֡
֮䵭ƽˡһ⣬ĸ֪һںδ
ĸٿЦκ촽𻡶ȣ۵ȴǴȱâƵѰһһ
֮ɫ䣬ɤƽк𡣡
ĸ֣Ծָ⣬ԶһֻƼ֣һ겻֪˲ϣҲĸ
ĵؿӣɤתɽɽҰɽϴˣ˼ʳҲζҰೢžɬʳżȻһȴΪʡ
ԾֱߣԴ˲
ĸЦͣḧЦʵǼ˼żҲȥ
֮ɫԡ
ĸ䴽䣬Ȼأֱӵƶˡ
֮˵ںδأ
ǱںӱϢѾϢ˰СȴûӰǼȻ뿪
ƣΪãҲ㣬ʲôҲõġ
ҲΪ뿪ãֻһʣôȷɽĸ򣿡
ƣ˭˵ͼ𣿡
˶ҡͷ
Զһ˼ҼǵñǱ磬߻û
˶ʾޣΨǱû˵֮ײǱ첲ô
Ǳ񣬵ͷû⡣
֮޺棺ոʲôأô񡣡
Ǳ֧°Ϳ棬ĵղƬʲôΪʲôôСһƬط϶񣬿Զ֮ǰȴûַ
Ǳôһ˵Ҳ˼
սۣղǳ۷һӦԭԭҲ֣ϾƺԭǼɽޡ
Ǳȴûٿڡ
沢Ƭ˽ƺԭƬδ֪ڡ
֮ǰСŷǱ˲޴Ǳ˼ֵһҲûòҵˣȴ˵˵ûȰסС֤һ׼һӿռ䶼ûģβһ˦ܡ
Ǳ׼ȥץȴǿ˻Ǹ֪ʲôֲڣβͶըëɳһҲ˻һԾǱͲ϶ˣߴǱҪ޴
Ǳ죬ɢʶȴʲôҲû֡
һߺ֮þûأԶԶǱֻһ̽ͷСŽ޴󲿶Ӽ֮ǰȥθߣ֡
ɼʹˣǱҲû֮ǰС쳣
βΪ֮ѪʹСֻβֻͣǾβ̣Ѫѹ󲿷ݣУ֮ǰ˸߽аҲܴҴδаģ
Ǳ²⣬ĳһһʲôþβ־ǿѪڡ
ϧǣûѯСβҲûȥ̽

ʰ˶˱ϱߡ
·֮޺вס˻ģ
֮ޣɽǴ˵ɽ֮ǰѧУѧôʲôɽͼ׻֮ǰʮҴûɽ԰ϻʨ˲٣ȴûֻһɽɽˣҲˣ˵ǲҲԶˣ
ף˵ɽҲɽɽֻǲ֪ôűһɽƿѧԺ˵ɽ᲻᱾⸽ʧɽ᲻ص
˼ǿڣȻע⡣
ƵѾǧˣҸû˵Щ˵ĸֻ񣬲֪ܲܵһֻ
ԶҲ²ɽʧһֱ˵Ϊ𶷷ŵû˵ΪʲôҴһԵҰʷϿ˵ʺ𶷷ʵΪʦܡ
˭ĸʦܣæ˵ǱҰʷôûôҿ
ԶͣǱտһͱʦˣֱûˡ
Ǳܿת⣺ǵĸʦܣ
֮Ҳ׷ʣʺ֮ǰɽѧջʦֵ֪иʦܣû˵
ǱҲ˶䣬һ²ؼԱ˱飺ΪʲôҪΪǸʦܼܣҰʷ˵û
׷ʣĿ˸Щ졣
׵Ȳ˭ʲô֣̿ΪʲôûУ
ԶסʣŤһᣬŵҲ֪Ǹʦܽʲôֻ˵ǸʦܡҰʷ˵Ϊ
Ǳ˶˶䣬ȻԶСȫص㲿ָ
׼ˣո˵˵ôûȫû壬ʲô
ԶһۣԽԽ죬²˵
ȴһߵǱ鰡ҿˣ˵ʦŮΪ谮ܡ
Ǳͫ׵ţʲô欣ʲôŮʲô
ҪڿһˮԼܵǺ
֮ˣҲΪǱû壬Ӵһֲظһ飺˵СʦŮΪ谮ܡ˵һԵسǱ۾û뵽ʺôһηʷСʦܾǹɫ˰ɡ
Ǳʵڲ֪ðʲô飬Ψһ˫ָؽ죬ȭͷ֮޴ҪЦЦ֣û壬˵һʲôʲ
δһ
֮ޣǣӣ
 ԰ͬ


43 1+2
š

֮ץһ·, ᣺ɽҰӰ״Ķġ
׷˸ۣ˵Ұˣ϶ɹȥ, ȻܴĶĸǶģ
֮ޣ˵Ķ㿴ˣ
ɻԭ, 峿ʱ޲ʳʱ, Ȼһ·ʲôû, ǵصޣҲһɹû, ˷Ҷ, ù֡
Զֳæʰ֮ǰ˵⣺֮ǰǱﻹ˵ɽ״˵ɽԴӷɽ, һɽʮ, ȫˣƺɽ, Ǻһȥزɽˡ
˹Ȼ
֮޲̫ţʮӣô֪ôİɡ
ά׸磺ͲǱ߾ɽӣ
ʱǱܣ
նĶʱ˵ע
ʣô˵
ʱǱĥĥ, ʦֵװ, ҪĸɽӸôҥСĹϵôҲҪɽ˸ˡ
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ʱǱƶ˵, ߾ԲɽӣȫϹģҥ
Ҳǰ֮޵Ҫɽ, ǲܰĻǼٵģҲԲôġ
Ҳе׷׵ͷܿתע
֮ޣ˵ִÿҲȥȪˮأ֪ûпɵɽ˵лˡ
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ʱǱԽԽͿɽôȥɽˣȪˮΪʲôҪأ
ʱǱյִû죬͵
Ȫˮʵ⼸˵֮ǰСȪ˵ۺʧ֮󣬵ظа֮ȥ˼ӿа۳ɺɫȪˮշ˺Ϊ͵ʿȪˮȪ־ôġ
Ȫˮڲɽѷ£Ǳа˼ֱǰ֣˵ȪˮѾǧˡ
аȪˮҲԽԽ࣬ضȪˮ֣ȪˮͷŵаԴԴϣԽԽԶϮֲ࣬ҲһʱԤԣȪˮайģͻ᳹
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ɽ1ȪˮҲĿǰ֪ΨһΣյȪˮ
˵ԶмЦصȪˮһԭʿȪˮǴȪˮɢɶϱ·аȾֲޣҵа޺а޵Ĺǳ⼸еϷ
ʱǱüıšԶЦҲûɫаӿǧǰʼģ
֮ޣרô˵Ǽǰֵģ˭֪ʲôʱеġ
ʱǱ۽ޣ˼
֮ǻȪˮ˵ɽҲ⸽˵ûпž͵ɽˡ
˽Ųһ٣ʱŤͷ֮ޡ
֮ޣôˣ
ףˡ
֮ãȻŤͷͼԶ˫Ŀɺ죬ȫã׳˶󣬽ۣԴĳ
Բʲô֮һĵʱǱͽ棬Ǳ籣ң
ʱǱֶ˸׼֣Ϳһ۰Ͱ͵ˡ
ԶЩߵصʱִ˵ķرá
֮ްѻĿڴ̽ͷ׽Ǳ磡
ʱǱƽƽȻûзܣܵһа㡭
ǻû˵ڣٿظԳһƽ
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Ҳ׷ס˱ӣȻҲѬòС
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ʱǱͽѸǰΧа޵󷽺ǰƼ״վа޵ұߺͺ档
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аŭһȳӿʱǱڼʬɽѪҲζѬθ﷭ӿ˼գۼ佭Ѿа޵ͷҲ̤նһа޵۾ȥ
ʱǱԥ֮ǰĺӳģһѹ԰Ƶĺ︡ڿѸٱ䣬ճʱһԿ𣬱ɫ棬ȼڹ䣬۳ɱ
ʱǱ֣һץ乭żһ棬Ծգ칭żһǳɡƵĽʱϹа޵һ˫۾
а˫ȫϹʱ׷׵䣬㳯ǷƣҪǾĲݵأȾʴһƬڣɢŨа
һ⧲˿а̫ǷӦѸ٣аʤܶһУ֧ܿ׾
Զ͵ܵΣգð
ʱǱԾһУ룬һаüģһ䴩а޲ӣа޺ȻأЩҲѸʧȥɫҺ壬һԶĵطȥǱӶߵС
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˵פȪˮִÿʿɵ񣬵һ˶ʵңԶ
Ȫˮݲʱ䲻λòаŨ̶ҲĿǰ֪ǣԽȪˮаԽŨΧΧµʿҲаϮҪôΪаޣҪôͻ˼֪ɱ¾ʬ⡣
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֮޼˶˷ܵŶȥʱǱҲ˺棬ѵõһԲ
Բȥ浹ʮִˣȫ׵ԲοɳΧһȦ˸ȱڵȥҲܼ򵥣Ҫ趨·ߣʯԼʻ
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ʱǱ¶ƽʱȻ΢Цһˮ˹󣺡ɣö˶ô˵
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ȵһξ룬ȷʦʦ˵ˣ֮޲ŷ˸˺þõİۣʱСǱղŸʲôҲΪʲôˡ
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ʱǱٴͷЦ
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019652Խ, ȥָӲ
ʱǱ, ܿһռؼƽ, ҹ, ֵܿһдˡָӲǰ
Խţ忪ž, ˾, λִԱȫ
˾ͷʱǱ֣ɡ
ָҺܴȴʮּ, ռǽɽ¸ּ, м̨ͬƱߣϺ, ż
˾ߵǼ̨ǰܵа, 10ƽָ, 20ϻӰ죬50ʿָꡣ
ʱǱע⵽, ⼸ָ̨꼸ʮǻŹ, ʾΣա
˾ʱҼ򵥽һ񡣡ߵͼǰ, ָָһɽ壬6ɽҲ벻ɽԶһɽ, ָһֱ47ҡ
ҿϡĿɨ֮ޡʱǱڡڡڡɨơԶڡڡڡ
Ϊаʱ24ʱҲ˵24ʱǾҪɽʹûɣҲһʿȥ𣿡

нֻ̨ģһָǣ˾һ̨ЯʽǣǿͨжаŨ̶ȣҲһ̨ǣǾӣһаҪ49Ǳ𣿡
ʱǱ֣аָ굽ʮûǲӰ죿
˾һۣ50֮ǰаʴҲһֱڣɽרҵŶΪǰγȻָһ50൱ֱӽͰˮעǻ̱аǣҪôҪôͻɶѪȤʬ⡣
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֮ǰ֮οŷӦԼ֪޷ʱ̬ȱ仯ֱʱʱǱʶ˷ʦִǶôڡ

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˾һ߸٣ϳ油ѡɽ񡣡
ʱǱҪ˵˾̧֣㱾ԶɽҪʱǱϣÿһʦǹţԲܳκ⡣
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һԸٱ棺Ѿӿʲ´油Աʱ֮ڿԱ
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οܻԻ󣬵ԼΪһЩϸ΢仯ĳҰ࣬¿ҰζŨֲǷ١
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ʱǱٴε˵﹭ָսÿһλá
֮ǰ¹ٴθͷ
ѹʵǹڳˣǡϤȫȫΪһ㡣
 ԰ͬ


45 1+2а
а
ʱǱϵɽʱ, ׺ͽ˶ˡ
վɽڣ΢, Զվһ, ο, İ, Сײ¡
ʱǱǱһۣ֮ޣû
֮޵ͷ, ˿ģǺ治Ǹа𣿽һǺ˴, ˾ͻˡ
֤֮޻飬Ҳͦ׼
ûһʹѪ, ĿɨＸ, ʱǱ֮޶ʱЩ, ȥ
֮ޣа㴦ˣ
ͷʱǱ
û, ʱǱȴҲ˼, ҺǸҲɱˡ
֮ޣΪʲôң
Ƴһۣ򶴿, ΢΢ü׻û
䣬һ侲˹Ǹ, ҿҪȥҵܵܣʮӻ, ûлǾͰ֮ǰƻж
ʱǱ˶⣬û顣
֮ʣҪҪǰæ
ҡͷطԶ, ҿȥء
Զǣ㡣
͵ЦЦģС״
Զֻܿ뿪ȻƸûһȴ۷ɫѿˡ
ɽɼҲֻˣƲ¶ɫ
ȥ
ҪжаǾڴʱ˴̶
ߡ
˿첽ȥȴͣɽһתǴ
ֻһƬҺڣʲôǰϸһᷢһƬһӡ
ʱǱָһһűаȼգһɰѪζʱſҲŵ
аͷۼǣɫأʮˡ
ɫ΢䣬ȻܿתͷʱǱʱѣаҳʮƷʯ𣿡ʱǱӦ߸֮һ߸һЩҲӰУǮҿ뿪ɽٲ㡣
ʱǱŷлаȫ˳ȥÿǡꡣ
߳ɽһ𡣡
һ㶣ҪʱǱűаʮӣа޻ͺˡ
Ҳҵ󣬴ҴҵлҲɽ
аأ谭ߣʿʶչʮ֮ȴ޷ǵа﷢ãټ۾Ҳͬǰֻܽǰƽǰ֮޻ʺԶм䣬ʱǱƶϺ
һ··ܿ͵֮ǰܵط谭ҲǷУжһ²ŵߡ
ûеѸܷȥ
ֻǻû߶ԶǾ͵ԶԶ˶ͣס˽ŲʱǱʶץסֱֱۣӳȥɫȴ֮ǰ侲ܿҧʱ΢
ģûǱû֮ǰҲȥ
ԺʱǱҲɿ֣ԽԽΨһʶ̽·ˣչʶǱ߿ȥȻ˱ǱΧס
ס
ͬʱԺ𣬼ͬһʱ䣬ͬʱǰȥ
ʱǱԭأżһʱѾ˹
׺ǻһξ룬ʮӣʿ⣬ܿܵùʱǱҲǡ롣
ǻûϵʱǱѾͬʱŵаޡ
׸оѹһᣬȻûŤͷȴҲµӦˣֿаһצӣУǿ㣡ʱǱŷֲסˣ
û䣬Ѿ⼸аعƳȥ
ƷɳһϮױаޣҧҪ׵ܵҾԲ
ʱǱٴηż
ƺܿ쵹תʹܽսҲԶʹܱѶ̵˫ڹаֻҪͻᱻһټʱǱʱʱʮаûþ͵С롣
֮޺Զսǿȴͬãǰָҩа͵Ϯҩסʱʱöˣ̻λҩаԴϣøЦ˳
Զͳ˲֪ٸС⣬г۷䵫۷ʮе䣬ɼ죬ˢˢˢаС׶ʯͷˣǿȴѣаôûϻһۼ
ĸС׼ȷΧĸʯͷΧΧаҲû취ϡŹС⣬ûа̫˺ᷳ
ױΧ÷ƣевУ
ʯͷ˸ÿЩа޾һ϶˽ȥʯͷԶͨͬһʱ䣬ʯͷһ򿪿϶׷ɳȥһаֱۡ
а޷ӦѸٻصʯͷ˰Χ浱үɵأ
Ȼ⻹㣬ÿһʯͷ˿һ죬а޲ϵ͸쿴ϷƿǴ򶷣ʱʱͷһҲڣ
һ⣬̵㷢šԱ֮ҩҵаޡ
ȱ첲ȻأҪҾȥīһðһצӶץ˼ƣϹ~Աһֻ첲ֱʱǱаޡ
С۷գС۷۾ˣŶС۷仹ƨˣλáԱԶ۷λаޡ
һֳЩа޺޲ֱͱʯͷˣɱٱʬ
Ȼ׼úܣʯͷ˴򿪷϶ʱûйɣڻǳȥ䲻һҲûйɣЩа۾ѪҲûû˿취
֮ԶԶţᵽа޾
аޣҲԲܣɱǿܵǿ˫ĥѽ
аȫˣɽ·ϣ֮޻£ҺԲǴܡ
ˬòУΪˬӢˣ
֮ޣΪ´Ŵŷչֻ˺졣
׾ԩˣָףʱǱң
˽Ųһ˲ͣ٣뿴ղһһаޣֲ֤Զꡣ
ʱǱ޹ֻµз̬
ף̹ʱǱҳ
ʱǱ˦ΪǶ̫ˡ
֮ޣΪ𣿡
ʱǱᶨͷ԰
ԶС۷λãҲʱǱҡ
ˣ
׳ݵظ̾ʱǱ磬û뵽һĶҲô׼
һѾĿ⣬ʱǱӣµɽˣǿȥɡ
ɽҲȥ˲аɽۣߵаϡ˲١
ƿһȦҲûʲôǲܾô
÷ΧԶа֪ҪӶãаԴͷûҵѵҪôɽ𣿡
ʶʱǱһۣڲ֪ʱǱս֮ǰ϶ɽȻʱǱҪֱа㣬һҲ
ûʲôֻǿʱǱ
ʱǱնóͷ˶˶٣ôˣ
ⲻֽͬϣʲô
ʱǱŶѨ˼Ȧַڵϣ߱߻شϴʯ𣿡
æ˳ʮƷʯ𣿡
ͳʮƷʯ֮ǰӦ㼫Ʒʯû㡣
ʱǱƷʯһ͹ˣСʱһξС
꣬ʯС̼䣬ɽ˾͸оһֱͼϮаûˣȡ֮Ŀ
׾㵣һƷʯЧ
Ҳò˼飬ϿɲҲУֻľʱһʿݽߣﶼûȻж١
ȻһŷҲƷʯ
ʿɵǮ࣬浽˺ɽˮʱһŲûãʮʮȥôҲָܻΪǱ׷ɱЩͿȾˡ
ɾҲǹӦ
ƾһʱǱûжϹȫӾǸٱҪʲôʲô𵱴ܴҲˡ
ʱǱ֪ʲô֪һ⣬治ࡣ
һԽѧԽܷҲԽ󣬲սͲϣβѰвЩͨҪҲǳ࣬ǲֶΣʱǱЩҲĳһȫѡ
ң׼ôȫҲȫǰ׷ɱ̫࣬׼Ȼͳˡ
ʱ׾㵣ʱǱ̲ס棺ִû䵽ʲô̶ˣ
һǧǰձ鲻ֻҪѧ󷨾ܲȴҪ㵳̶ȡ
ûֶãֵܿʱǱԼˡΪְܹСʱʯӾȫˣ
ȴԴ˼߲֣زһţʱǱ㶣οʱǱ磬ѾܶˣܼǸԶҲҪһƷʯܳһСʱأһƷʯܳѾܲˣ
װοȷ⣬һǧƷʯŵһƷʯȻƷʯ̲ȴԶԶһǧƷʯܱȣԱʱǱ츳ԶԶԶ
ʱǱȴΪܵ˴ѹûԼҲԼ󷨳⡣
Թŷ󲻼ң󷨺ܶʱศɣȴѾǷǧǰһһȻ
һǧһǧǰ졣
֪ûҪǵԸʯһʯֻܷһǧǰʮ֮һǸǲҲôࡣ
ʱǱ뵽֮ǰִڶഫԣж²ƶһ
׼ʱǱĬټοͼʱǱֱ̧ӷżƷʯɣҿܳŶá
ƶƷʯȥ
ɽڵɢͬʱʱǱһоƷʯ
ǵȴôʱͻȻɫһݣʱǱѰ̧û£˽磬ǽҲᷢǡ
ʱǱаһ𣬵ʱǱһһаޣٵʱǱսսٵʶʱǱ׿ʱǱѾݱΪԲзʽӵʱǱ磬ʿͽֲýҲɣ̫ţˣ
ʱǱ˿Ҫ׽һﲻԣֵص˵ͷᷢһܸ
ףѾˣʱǱ
ˣ
˶Իֻһ䣬˱˽
ȻǼŶñаޡ
һаִȺʿȥˣɱôˣȻһۼû
һаƶһЦɽ˾ˣɽȫаЩСӶбаҲŲ˶á
аֵҪģɱʮˣͨڡ
һа޲Ϊ⣺ٲͨڣҲˣǶһҲܰȺСȫɱˡЦɷѪ˴ȺŻѪΪʱ𣿡
аûзѪɨһȦɽû쳣ڷſЩ޳ִǱ߳˸ɱѪͱһСӣ֪ʲôͷ
һаɫҲʲôͷɱ˾ǡ
аȻҲһ죬ϣܿˣɽû⣬߰ɣμҪԲܳӣǾȥֱӼ̨
а޺ܿɽͬʱʱǱҲϢظ
аȻĿȷ֮ǰ߹طȫһ飬ֻصʱǱ˿ܵطа޼׵ûζˡ
аңȥ̨
а˲ӿٶȣɻ֮мѲ׽ʱǱǼ˸òԶǡʱǱʶܹǷΧҲûи
ת
ʱǱٴγԺ˿ûͣٸܡ
޷巽λʱʱ£ִУ֪˶ãаͣ
ʱǱҲٶԶԶ׹ں󷽹۲죬ȴﾹȻɽϣɽš
Ȼ޷ΣɽƽؼԼɼ֤ǲ²ûֻҰտаǲģ
ɻʱа޾Ȼ˲䲻Ӱ
н硣
ûпɲطΨнɽͣ絽ģʲôȴʱö֪
ɫаѾӵɽҰԽԽŨˮƣʱǱϱаѾֻʣţаʧطһĬ
ڲ׷ȥ֮ǰһж൱ڹһɽµζ࣬ڼаӣ뿪ʹҵҲôһƬԵҵղаʧط
׷ȥϱаѾŲ˶ˣټаΪͣǶԻǽǸǿڣóȻȥ졣
߻Ŀǰؽ⡣
ûʱԥˣֱӵΪ뿪ָ֪ͨӲ֣ǽȥֻǺ޷⣬ùʧȥ鱨
˴ˣΨʱǱ䣬ֱֱ档
ղаʧһ˲䣬ǿ˾λãڹȥֱҵаǽڡ
Ϊʲô˶ûֻˣ
ΪʶͶСʱǱǰǿΪҲʶҲֻڽ𵤶ѣȻŨа֮па޶򣬵ϸ΢ϼޱ仯һ·΢ȴûٰע⵽
ע⵽ˣΪǵѾϤ˹ѪǴξضһʱ䷢ִڡ
ǧǰʱ½ʱмһղ⡣


46 1+2ϴ
š
ϴ
ʱǱջߣ߰ɡ
һ, ҪȥģڲԼĶ, ΪԼ˽Ķվ
οʱǧǰŵͬʱҲϴһ, ʱҲʱսļ, ǧ, ʱϵĶ֣ʱǱҲһȥ׷Ѱ
ǧǰѾɱвʱŰĳˡ
˶Ӧ뿪, ƵͷӦɽһɽ, ڻȥѡֱɽߣһηԽɽ
ѡбס
ǰӴаŨȻɽϵ, а޼Ȼɽ, ôɽŵһа޵ļʻ
Ȼа޵ĿԽˣɽаŨ, ѱıаǿ֧Խɽ, һ;·, ͻ
һεѡ顣
֮޺׶Ϊɽ߸죬Ҳ·, ΪҪɽǸ, ܹص֮ǰɽƬɽš
ƺԶɽа޵ļʸȻѱ, ɽʱҪξͿԣɽʱҪҵ򶷵ĵؾԭ·ȥո͡
ǰ, ȣ˭Ҳ˵˭ڿ˻ûͶƱʱǱͽ
ɽ
ʱǱں֮޺ڴߣĬĬѡ񣺡ɽ
ıȶ˾ԭ·ء
ѣȰѱаó
ףһֱؿڡ
ΪʲôɽߣһŸʣͻȻȴһҽСȥղŵĺֳаޣеģڻ֮Ҳ۵һĨɫ
Ǳ־ԵİƷǳϣ˺ܿµ˵ݣִӵˡ
֮ޣǺͽǵ˲һɽ𣿡
û˻شΪаѾŰƷɽȥٶȼ졣
ԥϡ
֮ǰһԶа
һһñаŰƷɵĽ̸ץô࣬ȻӲ٣ҺۼֿľȻϻζҲˡ
ЩĸȺ϶ʵʵģ֮ǰԲץӵ𣬽ӵʦԳɽֱӵԵѣģ㻹ˡ
а޴˸ս϶ֲ
ɲаҿ˿ˣ͵֪֪ΪʲôһҪץǵ
а޺ܸȤ滹˵ͷ
ǰа޲֪Цˣ㲻֪ɣһ׿ɲаоģǧǰȺڼ϶оģ
аһ㶣ЩʿȻҪһͦҪӵģĿŵ£
аЦĿŵɲĿŵʹŷĽڣ뽫ħͷȫŵ֮ûʿϰˡ
аԽԽú棺˵ħͷŶ˭ôû˵ɹû
аޣȥĶ˵ǧ϶˵ġɹûӦûаɣʱˣħͷҲˡ
а޲ĥ˼ץǵʿΪ˳ϵǣȻأ
аЦˣȻԼϰа˺ģȵЩ֮׷Ҫɹˣһ﷭ֱӵʿˣ˵㣬᲻ðգ
а񣬺֮Ҳһа޸𾪡
֪˿Ҫ䣬Ҫʱ̹۲ƣǱҪҪˣ׻ûסʣа˵Ļٵģһǧǰķ𣿣
֮ͱﲻסˣϣòɣ˭˵ĵǣǲ˵ǳڱϣֲأ϶ġ
һһ䣬ԶҲûסʵλǵĵ˵ƺһĴӣ˵λӼ츳˽⣬ٹһΪһϧа޼ץǣûˡ
Ȼģ
ô֪ģ
֮޺׼ͬʱڡ
ҲҲ֪˵ϴץסаޣ˵κٸаͺҽҲ˶֪µԭɡ
֮ޣ̳˾ݽϴ
ףΪʲô㶼֪Ͳ֪!
Ͼǧǰ飬˵̫ңԶԵҲѪȣм򵥵ԭ㵹龪㵣㶼Լעĵء
ΨʱǱ΢΢˫ŵسȥ
ϴ̳˾ݽ
Ϊ˱˭Ȼ޾ͬʱղϧһģ
ǧȥ˵ʿϴȴ˾ݽˡ
桪ϡ档
ʱǱ΢䣬ĵΪѿģһɳ塪ǧȥɻкѴȻΪ򱧲ƽһΣʱǱȥ˵ĳ塣
ʱ䣬ǰǸ߸аѾʼ룬ԽԽ㽣ﶼƮҪ츳˭ԸаޣҪʿǳԼϣǿɲҲЩһº绽ˡ
аԽԽʱǱ˻ΪƮˣģȻĸͼǰаѾһͱǸаؿڣ⻹ڸаؿڽ˽Ȼͳȥ
֮޵ɴ˫ۣҲһ˳
˷ֱ𱻽ס죬εĵز˲ء
ǰаɱ˸а޺󣬲ûƣͳһƿˮ˹ϴϴ֣ϴ꽫ˮƿһӣڵϻԲѵİƷϡ
ȻŤͷȷؿʱǱ򣺡ɡ
г˫ڹҲ׷óԼ
֮ǰٵа޶ѪΪһ󾳽磬ɼ˸һ·Ҳ˿ûǰİаȴһע⵽Ĵڣֱڲ
־ͬ࣬ĸװӶװһ·а޵ʲôΪ
˭Ҳɵľôվȥ
һаҲ񲢲żóһ˹ؿʼ֡
ñòҲаһµɳȴа޵ַֺÿƲ󣬵ָ޳𪣬ָ׼÷룬ɢĹâ
ȵһһָøɸɾˣŴŶŪЦ⿪ڣϣˣһҪϸϢ𣿻ȥץ㣿ɳЦ⣬Ц֮УڴĲ̬˷ܣһ䣬ץ~Ǳ·һŶ
䣬ױоǰһһɫӰѾվǰָָָףʹȿʼɣ
һողڳ˱֣һͻȻǰֵ˻ָ㣬˭ޱ侲
аָҲˣɫףҲ΢΢ȴƻ뿪˵ЩʲôȴһҲ˵
ץܵܵĸ첲Ҳһ亹ǿԼа̸УǰովͷˣȴûɱղҲѣɼɱҪڷߣ뿪һ롣
а޵ЦӶñдýˣȻԼ΢ıɤʱ˿̣עȫа޵һһһͳ֡
ɱ㣬ȷʵûɱ㡣
а⻰δ˷ΪԶ׼תۡ
Ȼаһȴɱˣܺѽ𣿡
а˵ʱѾ׵ؿڣǧһ֮ʣһѽ
а޻ްߴӶñ̽ƶͷϵ亹Ѿüβɫȴ򶨣ǰղŲӦ̫ȻعѾˣǸ
Ŷаֶ˶٣ʵ
治ɫġ
а޴ЦȻһ䣬ƽ£һƭ棬㶼
ͣ٣ָȻؿץȥȻֵͬһʱ䣬ʱǱҲڴĴаޱҲգؿͬȻʧǰ
а㶿ǰ룬֪뵽ʲôһͻȻͷ濴ȥĿɨӰεļ䣬Ȼʲô˷㳯Ǳ˹ȥ
ָȾ࣬ȴ˿û⣬ñأ¶ȴĲҲûвÿһҡ
һ
һչķ﷭˳յʣԵķƻһǿ·Ϥ̵Ĺ
ţؿھûãٿס࣬ſںѪβ͸ɺ˫ۡ
ʱǱаɱһаʱ˲һа޵ΪоԪӤʿʵȻа޳ʱһаȴӦûУɼΪѾԪӤԲ
һϲŭ޳Σյа޺ȫʶһʱǱѾԺƻ˼
Ӧ죬Ѹپͽô죬Ψһɹһͷεֵȷλ
ʱǱͷֽ˲ָı㴺ԪԪԹʿܹʷҵλ
еˣʹ˲ƣ˼ҵĲ˵ԼңʱǱɷͷҪҲٲ˱ϵĲƱ
а޵ǰʱʱǱͷĴʵѾˣֵּĶһһͳǴûۿаϾҪ֣ʱǱһܵ
̸ֱ֣ӽ漴͵幫ɽ
ף
ǰһȻ˵أƺԶһʱѰҵܵܵӰ׾ǰҺʱ˲Ž󣬿Χ
֮޳羪֮Ľܻ˻ִ֣Ѿˡƽ֣ܶһִеơ
֮ô˵ּʱǱͽͷʶĵز֮ǰɽţľïаɽϡ
˿ڣһֱŷ
߿ʱǱƶ˽ܡ
ʱǱ˵ͷ󡣡
ȴ֪ʱǱʲôʽס׺ԶͬʱʱǱһҾվ֮ϽΪպ󵫷ʲôҪģҪᣬƴǡ
ʱǱҾƣǰιͬϿҵл˵뵽Щʲô⵭Ща޲Źκһ㲻ҲԾȶѡ
仰Ҳȹһ׷ɱʱ˵Ļ
ǧǰʱǱ⻰ϸһû˵ھ͡ɱȻˣͳûоˣûоˣʱ͸ˡһ»صԭ㣬ڵȸղŸԴǲš
ʱǱƵʱǱ˼һһԶܴΪȻиȴһκһ˶һͻ
ʱִȵĲףˣղ˵ĻԶЧҪҪʲô֮κһ˲ˣҲḰǡ
ʱǱ֪˿˵ÿһ仰θ֮ԣױ䣬˭ֲθ֮أ
һԴЦ⣬ԺҪæ㡣
ƿһͻȻû˸߹㣬˫ƭ˵һʵһҲƭˡ
ʱǱˣûС
ƣţ֪ˡ˶٣ֵ˵Զģʱ֤һС
ʱǱͬ仰ڵ˵ͷ
ʱڵѴ˶Զоλ𣿡
ʱǱ幫⡣
Ƭ̣Ȼûаһɽ˵õ24ʱѾ3ʱˣϸϻؾפء
ɽɽֶ֣ޱͬʱҲʧȥչʱĲο׼ֱͨҲܵţָӲͨѶϿԿʱ䣬֮ǰһֱûһŷֶʱȻôȥˡ
ƺָܿƽʱ״̬⸽û֮ǰĺۼ
ҺܿȻһȦһ񣬵õһۣ
ɲɽˡ
ɽǧ๫ûб̽ɽһסڴ˵ҡ
ԽӿΪɽѩͱᾣһĥ⻬ɽ͸Ÿʽ⣬˲ͼҽ֮ڣͻᱻͬˣһ
ǧҹһֱ⣬ҲΪı
˵֮ϵɽ߷ģһ֮ûУɽûм
ԣһδģݶѩ׽󣬻ӽ͡
Ȼը˹
λһֱʦʦĽ𣡴û
ǵ̫ˣǧͿһۣ͸о˶ˡ
Ҳʱûʲôŷȫ÷ڻء
˵λӶŽţʹӽͨȡů
ලĴҲղŵĽ⿴ó񣬲ѾһΪ۽ⲻЩĵǰǳǵıǳ⣬Ȼɱ֮һۣʹ
ʦ붨ˡ
һӾȵ⼸æпصһ˵ȥʦʦֺҪͻˡ
ͬʱɽ߷ϣȻײⱻ׹ײֱӻ˽֮УҲϳ
ϴ֪򲻹˽䲻˵ʲȣҪ֪ÿһΣҪΪҺ年ˡ
֮ɫֱԵʱ֪ٵ޺ޡ
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47 1+2޺ޡ
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ʱǱм
һ,һ޺ޡ
ʱǱʮ޺ʱǱʮڼ
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һǧ,޺޶Ӱ,ΨҼܹ
ϴÿɷֻһǧ,ˡ
֮ɤ䣺ҡ
˵ʱ,彣գֱָϴȻ۳,Х,嶥ʱƱգɽʯ𶯡
ɱ֮˶,ϴȴûж
֮ϴҵѣ֮ǰҲƲ,һǧ,Ȱһ䣬,÷ˡ
һʱܲϲ֮ǧȥ,ۿ䵭˷ȴҲаƢٽ޲ģ̾Ϣ
ϴŵ֪һֱ,ٶΣһǧҲɢˡû֮ԽԽ飬תɽ,㿴Ⱥܣʱǡ
Զʦ֣æȴҲ壬ߣһȥҪǣ
òƺǧǰû̫𣬿ȴֻò׺ɣݡ
ɽȺȻ޷Ⱦ֮˿˵ʱ֪⣬ϴҲδκ˶仯
ϴ̾˿ʱ֪ƽʱ֣Ҳȱ֣Էɽ̿ʱ߶һȺˣֻȥʱǶǣ֪ʲô𣿡
̧֮û˵
ϴĿԶҲ֪ʲôҲûиɫһҾȥȥȻ˵㲻֪СŲʵܣƤҪҪҲˣΨһȤζ
ϴѧʱǱ˵̬⾢ΩΩФ˲ֻҪתͷ˱һԶԶ֣Ц緢
֮ɫ
ϴڻûз֣Ҳ֮ǰϳɣЩãҵʱЦ̫Ҫûţȴĵ˵Ժһѣҵƣʲôɵţôѣʲôһִ㣿
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Һʱٰ֪죬˻ʱҾȻŲ飬Ҳ̫Įֵµʱ֪ٷãһƤ˻ӲҲգظ˿š˵ϴ֪֪ҵҲֻһµѡ
ʵֻҲ͵̫ƴˣǡϴ죬мַȻýҶֱͷްҿȴһֱʱ֪٣㽣㶼û֣ҸҪǣ֪ʱ֪ٻװȴƽ˵ػԣǵʵ벻̫ºѡϴЦ£۵ЦȴɢˣǶԷ֪ѣ֪ʲôʱ֪ɽȴɽǰ޺޽𣿡
֮ڿڣΣ
ϴ֪޺ޣѹһʱǽ㣬޺ޱԶĽᡣ
ѣҲ˽㣬޺޲㷴Ǳ㣬֮ʱ֪֪ôɻִڹȥġ
֮˽ʣٿعһĨƷƳЦӽֱӰڣѺ֣޺޸ʣĿȷС
İɡ
ʱǱͻȻ˸磬ǣֵѵң
֮ޣô㣿
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ʱǱƬɽȻҪȥϴڣջߵûʲô߰ɡ
ϴɽǾȫɽϣȻɽȻûаȴҲûеͼȻȷҲ˲ٲ·
Զ㣬ٷһɽӦþ͵ɽˡ
ȻھУ̫ķɽϲ֪ûаޣĿ̫󣬷Σգֻһֱȸ·ֻȻģȴۡ
ȻһɽһɽԽɻǸеƣ
ƿʱϢһ°ɡ
û飬ֱ֮һƨ˲ݵϡ
ʱǱĿɨһ㣬һŻ㿴ƨɺʲô
ʲô֮һһãȻתͷϻɫߺֱӴshishishi߰
һԾ𣬰צƽסվˡ
׮ףֱ۳ûУƸƿǣ¸ʲôҪ
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ŤͷʱǱһ
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׾ţڲԼԽ㴭֮ǰѡż
첽ʱǱȥǱɲԡ
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׳ȥ׳˶⣬Ĭ½ִҡ
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ʱǱ˶һ߿֣˭Ҳûְæ
ײһֻ֣ѵϥ˸辣ԵɵС߸Զˣ֮Ȳء
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Զʣ𣿡
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ȴͬȥɽҲҪʱοһɽôôȷģֻ̽ɽºǿԣǹȥа޽ԺܵͣټϺдСǲÿҺΧһ㶼ûڵΣա
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׽ͣٷ֮ʮصѾǺˣǲṳ̂ɽǲ·Ҳ̽ɽʮ֮һôصʣȷʵѾԿɽˡ
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˸ʱǱָܿ쵽ɽţɽɽȻȴһûУȫǻƲݺɽʯѰҽʱа޽ǳΣա
ԶϧϧǶûܲȻ̽·
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ԶЦ£ҲǸװԴ磬Ǻܶೡòˡ
Ƶͷ¶а˻άһӾʧȥá
ཨаطʴ˻ҲһڲɸܣһСӰУ֮ǰɽԶûн
ʱǱһӾ͹ˡһȻһû⻬ҵܽȷõط͸߽ˮһ£øŹҲС
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48 1+2ܶ
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ʱǱ䣬ЩҾֲҲаϾЩ츳ζ϶ץĺá
аҡҡͷ̾ϢһҲһҲǣЩײģͨһǸĴ򹤵ģȥҲûʲôҲԲǶһŶأûϼ̨˵ˣڹȥܸζ
ʱǱмл˰ǡȻһһǡ
//ԶĿɿڴ
Ƶ֪ʱǱ϶ɱǣа޵·˭ϡ
ޣң
ףҪ
ԶҲ롭
ƿһۣ·ݸ˺޺Զ
ףΪʲô㣡
ƵСԶһ̫ۡ侲СԶûսִҲһʱʲôҪֿͽִսǿҲѡ
⻰˵УȺ޺Զ·ɷж
ֻһΣаǶȥˣҲûа޵Ӱӣֱĳܶ
ͣ½ŲʱǱڵɫǶ
ǰտɫǳ֪ղĸа޶ǳͷԼʿڣôԼʿˡ
ûᵤ󾳽Ĳ첢ܹģһȡ
ղʱǱа޵ı£˲˲߰ɡ
ʱǱ棬޺Զں棬ĸһ֣аתͷ
һʲô
ⲻͨ㳡ڣϢʱǱ첽߹ȥλǱ߼ϾͿʼˣСǾֵһҲȥ
һа޿ʱǱһɳƵɤıѲߵģ
ʱǱһŶ˵ס˺ǶѲвͬ˵
ȻɶˣаȴûвߣֻȻѲ˾ȥ룬ҪⰭ£ⲻҪǰæ
ʱǱչȥʵСľ뿴ЩСӡñԷҲûԹɫֻܼȻûһСһҲǺõģ˵ⱲӾһˡ
аһȻ˵ЦҲȷʵ츳һӶһӵѪһһܶ棺ǿҲ޷
Ϊȫѹʱаǲ֪ŪТˡ


49 1+2
š

ʱǱӦ˹, жñϢа޲ûзǵαװ׹, Ϊǵ͵͵Ūġӡ
ʶ֮, ʱǱýǴ, Ǳ𡣡
а޻ֱ, һаվԭأȻΪԸҪ˳, вʱǱ˵ȻТ, ͽȥζɡ
ʱǱ˰벽ηģˣǺòס
òףа޴ʱǱĻҪϱ, ǲ᲻, ñʹ죬Ǿ
ʱǱ׶аû·, Ĭŵǡܲһ
а֧ʱǱ˾͵ǲֳͬ, , ڼ⡰ʶȤȻҲ󷽣ȥɡ
˵а޵߽ȥ, ߵתĵطʱֻʣʱǱƺ֮޼, ԶվһߣʱӦߡ
һ۵ͨ, ֻûԶܵһɽɽһϢż, ִӵˡ
ǡʶһˣʱǱ֮޺ûܣȷûа޺󣬲˶ñ
ǽִͻȻñϤһ㶣һʶƵִ̽
ƵͷֵڴߣǼٰа޻ģǲҪǾǳȥ
Ǽ۵˲ϣȻһǸʶƵִЦһǲ֪а޵ʲȫ޷תҲ޷ˡ
һ㶣֮ǡü꼸ˣʱǱʱǱͷŴû£֪ķ
һϲ־ţǸղŻܵʱ򣬽еĽⶾ趼ԹˣаҲû֪⣿
֪֮޴һķĬķͿԽ
˰ŰɣҲĬˣûãһϲʤ
ѹסпϲл飺ģ
˵Ҳ½½ָסҲָ
ȵ˶ָ֮ȫҾ£û
֮ЦелңⲻҵķĳԸ͸©Ĵṩġ
һ˺Թ˸ַʽҲ޷аʺִķк֮
֮޸ʱǱĻǲΪЩаѪҺаȾˣаȡǵʧ֮ʶȲԲ޷ţʧԶ죬һһԶ޷ϣǵҲûķĹؼͲԼܹ֮ɢа
һ˸ʵһķ֪ķжѵãķ伮Ҳ߽˰ɣ֪λܵķ
֮Ц⣺ҾͲ֪ˣϾ˼ķ˶ݣȥٸʵ׾ᷳˡ
ʱҲӦɫʱѿ
һֱĬصȺ֮˵꣬Ҳ֪ķ죬ûв棬ֻϻ˵ЩʲҲˣ߰ɣִԶǻ档
һ˵ҲʣһξʱǱߡ
ɽһִ˵Ǳˣ˶˳ȥڲ֪ϵ߰аȥɽϵİƷʱǱ˴׶༪ˡ
ߵɽͨʱԶѾˣ΢䣺ӦýִӦǴʱִȥæ
֮޵ͷһȷʵȥҲûչԱ
֮˵ִӦ¶¶˳޸һ¸ղ˵Ļ±佩ӲĹϵҵһɡ
˵ҲʱǱӦٿؾͳ˳ȥ
ʱǱﰵһȥץɻ벽˿̾Ѿת䡣
аֻأȻаޱʵƣڵɫͷҲ֤㡣ЩʱǱһʼûӲӲԭ򣬶ǷαװаҲαװץסִһһа޲㴦ơ
ټʱǱ˻ûб¶˳ˣҲװа޵ȥæȻһ⣬ҲпѸٽսϾа޵ĴӪʱԽöԽ
Ȼһмƻⱻȥɵƻˡ
а޼ʱǱǽȥѾ˵˻ľȳˣʲסŪһַ˲׺һаð޼
а޶Ѫˮƽ֮ϵѪΪߣκһ㻯Ϊۣһܿ¶һܳ˫֣⧲ܸһӡ
һϾͶ˼ˡ
֮һȳʱҲʲˣ˷û֮ԭûɫѿ㱻ֵֻаһצֱ˽ˡ
֮޽һ³ظǽϣ໰ҪƿڶҪطңɵơ
ִűĵԴĵɣ˵Բ𣬾
˷£֮˵һߣʱǱҲѾ˽ߣѾϹΣһһ֧Ӧߵа޴
ԶҲˣǱ׽ܣĬȻѰܹܹȵģһһһӦÿһ϶˴˵ӵֵ
аԽԽѸ㣬Ҳа黯ĵطԽԽ࣬һֱڲźۼˣȻҪȥͨ籨š
ʱǱע⵽˵аޣװûзֵӣͬߴˣ˵ܶĶȻŲһתһڳаӭײϡ
аȻû뵽ʱǱȻϤΣֱӴӿߵһڶȻҲͷֵʱ䣬ͱʱǱһöУһҽС
ʱǱʤ׷һһҪǮһ϶
ⶴ̫ûó̫ҲʺͲͬˣȻֻ̺ķԸаУȻԽĻԽʱǱʮöһ룬а޾Ѿˡ
⻹ʱǱ֮Ѫ֮󻭵ģһֱϱ֮ЩаҪģҪҲûû뵽ǡ˺ʵģһ㶼ۣ˻ٻ
Ҫʦ򲻵ʿ֪룬һһ
а޵˭֪Ȼܻӵдĸ߽׻ķʦûʹҲֻṩһ߽Ҵɣ˭
Ҳͺ֮ǶûȻһҪ۲ѡ
ʱǱȫȻ֪ЩﻹʣöһԶȥֱӽа޻ɻˣô㻭Ҳ˷ѣټѾϰߣ󻹸а˸ȫʬֻ·
ɻڶԸаޣֻаһԶҲģк֮޵ĽⶾڣĶû̫ҲսˣҲߡ
ߣ׵Ҫȥţ
аѾ˵˶ڣɭΪΪʲֻΪɽͨ˴Ѿȥˣһܲ
ʱǱһ۳żһߣһа˳˵ıŵ𣿡
а޺һأɱⲻܣ
Ҳ벻һڵӾȻܹɱ!
ɱֵıǼ˫֣˶Ϊֻ˫ֻ֪ʵ˫֣ÿһ˫ֶڽսʱ⣬ֻҪ;Ӳ͵Ϯӵ
һ룬ѵʵΪȻѸپͽһҴǵĺðǣ
аҲ벻ʱǱŻɱͬġ
ԴϴѪľʱǱͽذףתʹ
һĹ󷨶һֱʵĴڡ
ʵǧ޴½ҲȷʵԵĴڣʿʹֻԵУΪʱʦʦڶ࣬һ˼ҲһţҿһԶʱҪ᲼ãиı׶ˣ繭ʹ졣
ʱǱʶɲа޵ʱֱûкʵҲû򶷣ֻ˹˼ά֮С
ѧˣзһϲ˾ͻʯԽԽá
ҲΪ㣬˿ۣ˻Уû˻ܼ
аɹʱʱǱѾŻһͬ˹ȥѨըֱӽаڻ֮УҲ޷롣
һֱһߵִ˾ȫ㵲ѣа޽ճɻҽ̲ס㵽޳ִ˼𣿾ȻֱסѪٵн׻ɣ
ͬ𾪣ţнˣ
¼ž֮Уа޽ʧ
аˣ֮޵Ǹ·ˡ
ʱǱҲһ磬Ǽû£Ͼͳȥˡ
Զһֱʱ·ûþ͵Ľڣʮһ˶˰Ұտаûӵ˿
֮ǲ²ɽапܾЩ֪ڼʲа޸ģټɽĺһа޶ѨĽ磬Ǿ͸ȷ²⣬ʱǾ۹ɽ᲻ͬ⣬ûзаӡ
߰ɡƽñ£ԶԶ֪·߰ɣ
Զͷ֪֮ʱǱķصʱȷ˺ü飬һҲš
ۼϾҪʱǱڻڣߣҵ¸ϡ
˽Ųһ٣תͷʲ˼
Ҫʲ
㲻һ𣿡
࣬һ˼
ʱǱҲһפصģղܶĵĲ֪ΪĵһҪ̽ĳ壬Ⱥа޵ڼʲʮ⡣
֪Ƽ˲׷УҲֻܵһȥ
Ʋ⣺ʱִжΣ֪ģղܹǿɱаޣΪķ⣬Ҳ˶ѹԭûһ˴ȥмʮϰٸаޣ͸ܻų
ңҴ֪Ӧȥʲ˶٣㳡ϼаޣȥ˾㵽ʲҲκθı䡣
ʱǱ֪˵еʵҲϣԼһ˽ˣһйˣֻҪϱˣںԼܲӳ 
ʱǱ˵֪ѾƱһѣҲҲ˵ʱǱĻˣʶҲһ죬ʹѾ˹Ľ飬Ҳ޷ǿȥĳ̶ȡ
֮޽û˵ֻʱǱתʱĬĬ
ʱǱһ٣Ǹʲ
֮Цܸʲһӵܲһ𣿡
Ҳƽؿڣ˵ִĹؾͲκһѡ
ʱǱ򴽣֪ΪðգðնԼ飬Ը˸һðա
ȥΪʲʲ˽˳ޡʱǱǲҪҡ
֮ҲЦҲʲ˽˳ޣҪʹһҪͱȥûеֿܡ
ǽʱƵֻȥǵ׼ʲ԰ɣ
ʱǱ˼ߺ֮޽⻰һ㶣΢΢ɣɡ
ƵǼһȥ˶ӦѸָԶͬȥȻ·ףʱûϵǡ
Զͷá
ѸٽӹԶĶñϣױֹһûˡ
ִӳԱ´˶ñɵĻҪȥ𣿡
ƣҵаԴͷݡ
ǼִȻаץˣҲû˵ֻעⰲȫ
ȻԶʹˡ
ʱǱֱ˼飬һƾԹԽһжźˣȥĴ˱ĸߵȺ˻ߵ÷ɿ죬һӾͲӰӡ
֮ȻϤе磬ҲղµĶñã߰ɡ
ʱǱ˵ģҾԼȥܱܲš
ѹ˵꣬һһһȥ
ʱǱ
ƽĺ棬һʱ侹Ȼֲӿͷĵʲԭվ˺һȥ
֮޼Թ
ʱǱҲѸٵ˭Ǹˡ
֮Цһָָָָڣ˭ģ˭˭Լ˵
ʱǱһ״˵Ļ
ˡƴ֮˻·Ĺ㳡ߣȻûʲˣҲҪġ
˱죬ĬĬں档
ȻûԶǼ˵ļ·ʱǱòͨܰæ㣬۵ͨҵа޽㳡ڡ
ȥ̲֮֮סʣʱǱ˵Ща˽ܲʣʲ˽𣿡
ʱǱԺֳ̨︡ԲзʽԼΧʵϤޱȵվλȭͷ֮߱𡣡
 ԰ͬ


50 1+2루£
š

һ̽ʱǱѪ, ֻҪǣ׷ѩһƬƬ
ʱǱǵûصˮ鿿ÿһ棺մ, ȾѪ, ϤѪܵɵڵ, һûϢ, һ߽һ߰һ𣬴ӴŵÿһԺ, ʬҰ, ޴½ţôҵɩʬ塣
ϤͥԺҲѾѪȾ, ճѪҺ, һŲȥסЬ, ʱǱԭأоЬѪҺƺܹ͸Ƥ, ѪҺҲһ綳
ֱҼɩʬ, Ѿȣһһӡ, ̤Ѫ֮ϣ֪˼, Ҳ޷վȣɩʬǰ, ԶһطһССճͲСʬ壬δֶ,
Ժɺӳ۵ҲɺһƬ
ʱǱ嵽ʹ˵Ҳɡ
Ȼһֲˣ컭Ӱ㣬ʱǱԺзӳзŴϸڣҲٶȣһ֡һУʱǱסÿʱģ
ξĿΪʲôΪǱʱǱֻвͣѰҳˣֻɱһˣӦ˫ۡ
ʱǱȻһһɱɱʱ£ӡˡſ͹һǧʮһ֣ΪǱ˳
ΨһˣΨһˡʱǱҲ֪ôǱ˭ɱ˾ֳʱ
ֳʱʬɩɩһȻȴûκ˿ڣҲûо౻𻵺ۼƽ·ͻȻ֮䣬ֱӱ˳ȥ˵
ΨһʱǱʱһֱһ壬ˮ
ˮʱҲǽΨ֮һ״ⷽԲ̾ϸκԲɡ
żأˮۻ꣬ɥѾ֮ˣ֮
ʱ˶֪ʧȥˮû棬ʱΨһҲֻǰ̻ѡ
ֻʱҽͣҴɶˮѲѣ˵ʱұѪϴЩʱҵõʲôˮΨһ𰸡
ȻһʱǱѰ˼ɣûҵˮӰӣһλɽ˵ˮ
ԽԽ׷ɱΧ˴ҲԽԽˮȴһֱӰ
ֱղţ˻ػ洫ͽͼӡʱǱ۵ףһĵκ˺޼ǽǻҧѪѹȥ
ǸʱǱǸزܴʲôǧǰˮʿһҲ֣οԲǼΪͨ״ɽҲ˵
˵ѹסʱǱ嶯侲ؾȳִڣֻ֮һʧˡ
ֻһ£Ѱֳʱ
硭֮˺ؼˣͬʱҲʱǱͺؼԲ׽ϵ۵ɻ󣬵Ҳʺʣֻ߻ȥڽȥ𣿡
ʱǱҲϤһָ侲
֮޿а޲ȹʯ񣬡ôȥ
ˣ֮ǰаǷֱʯϿأͳһ⣬Ҫ˷ֱȻŲſǽ˾͵òȼˣ
ʱǱмʯ񡣡
ͬʱƺͽҲ˵˲
֮ޣô֪
ӡ
ܶﵽʯֻ֮ǰаվʯԼǲƽһʯϷƽ֮ǰǴаޣмʯϻصӡԽԱӡԽǳɼмʯΪġ
Ҳ˵ͷ֮ŵؿףֻû
ףҲûôˣ
֮޵õοˣվʱǱԱʯϣҲ½վûһǰֿ¶˻㻭㳡
ʱ㳡ϣȫаޣŴ򿪣վԱаʣôʱ
ʱǱʯ񣬣ȥһŶǱߵһ¡
аҲһŶʣ¼ƷȻصͷȥɣΧ
ʱǱû뵽ôɻأæӦˣתȺ
֮޴ֱȥأ
Χ۲졣
Ҳ˼ԽǱַԽ濴ܲܵõʲôϢ
㳡֮ǰ˻Ϊɵãܹ㳡ȫ¼ǽ֮ȴҲΧתа䣬һ㳡Եϡ裬ʹʱǱѾȺ꣬ҪЩʲôҲۡ
ʲô
һɤǴһ׳˶а֮޸첲һ־ͽ׺ݣײ
֮æǸ粻ǹ⣬Ǹ
׳˶аȻû뵽ֱǸԱа޳Цث
аҲЦ»ûаʱثҪҲЦǸˣȻôֺôˣһӾʹѪѪȻ㵱Ѫū۸缸䡣
֮һʱǱҲӦ˹⼸аʶˡ
֪Ϣĵ׶ǵʱٰаޣҪһһھͽڸֻҪ̫̫׳˶Ͽѷֱ˭˭
Ȼں֮޼ٰаѾ˳ǲζҲпаʶ϶ñˣһʶϤǰ·ǼаΪֹǾͼпܱ¶
׳˶аһʹʱǱ˹ǣ˵ˣװǱˣֵǿثҪʼװˣ
а޺ЦΧˣʱǱ¶ڡ
Ӧһ̧ʲô
Ǽа޿彭ͷһæ˼ͷˡ
ת֮׳аޣ¡
׳аҲͷ֮޷ǸС۲ʶ̩ɽ˷ŹС

аˡ
֮޻ûվȣֱһаץס˸첲ֻվ˺֮ߣԽͽֺãˣ³ʮѣһֱʶܼ̫ˡ
ҲûпһۣаҲ˿֣һߴڣԽһͬһҲ޵رʾֻҪܹΪʲô鶼Ը
֮ԽԽ񺮣ʱǱߡ
ʱǱôϳ㡣
̶ֻ֮վԭأʣôϳ
а޻ںͽ˵֮޿Ҳգúúͽ˸βŶԺ֮ޣʲôϣѪְݡǻú֮ǣߴţæĿڣ˼ǣѪֻأĸûһѪζֻԴӸλ֮ÿ춼ǸɸɾһѪζûУйɲζһž֪
ʱǱ˶û뵽Ȼԭ򣬵аߺ󣬺֮Ҳûŵʲô㣬ʱǱͣζŵû
ҡͷʱǱǲ㡣
֮һڣŵһ㣺ʱСǱ̫˰ɣЩа޶ǹų֣㾹ȻҲų
ʱǱû˵ʵ·ϲʵЩϤֻ㲻˱ζʱҲ𲻳ʲôζɾϤȹ衣
֪֮Լζ̲֮סʣǺױ¶ղǼа˵·˲֪˭֮ϵλͣҪô죿
սپ쵽ǰȥںȡ
ƵͷֻнѪӣЩаްյλȼԼΪԲչΧΪͣΪȦǼȥױ¶
֮ȻģȴҲϽСĵ㰡
ʱǱͽ·ԼȥȻ̫ܣֻҲͷҲǣ¶˾ֱܣҪ롣
ѰʱǱϣǳ¡
ͷˡ
˸ãͼűħĦֺһ㣬ÿһ·ͬʱħ޷׷׵ͷа
ʱǱ˷ӦҲѸ٣Ⱥͷȴ̲סǱߴ֮ǰǰ涼аޣǱνа׳ʲô
ѹڰ㳡ϲͣЪʱǱжϳزأų׳˶ѡ
չʶǡа׳ʲôģ˿̹㳡ϵѪͲ°ˣ῰ԪӤΪɷѪˡ֮ǰɽűа޷ѵڣʱǱټҲʱ嶯
֪˾ãֹͣӣһɤʼɡ
ʱǱźаһ̧ͷֻԲμ̨ϲ֪ȻѾѵСɽһӣаһ£վԱһаһӣЩиȫ򿪡
ʱ֮䣬춴ѨǿﾡԹаΪǿҸȾѪͷ
ʱǱ˶еʮֲʣ֮޺׸ǵһʱס䣬ƴڴʱԺҪ
֮޺״ʱŷΧаǶԴ˺޷Ӧӳ˲ӣǸñ̰
뵽Ǻﶼʲô֮޲ëȻЩǡûӤɣ
֮ǰֻӽͼϿЩӣ̫ԶԿʺ͸ģ֪ǺǳΣҲûǸϾСӣǸ˶뵽װӤʬ塣
ȭͷһѻЩ綫
Ҳƽֵ峡ϣѵܵܣСףעģҪ̫ԡ
ʹжñòʹΣһڴаǼһֱͷ壬һ
׾֮󣬺ܿɿ֣һҲվֱˡ
˿̨ŷǴССľȫľơ
ӤδؾͲɱԹأ˵δ֮ǰӤˣΪǻͶ̥תûͨ磬Ȼǻǡ
ľδӤͨӤֻľЩаľװʬ壬նĿɼһߡ
ʱǱΪѾǼʱȴǷľȻΪҽһа˹ľӤаѪģ̥ϴܶ壬ͬнϸ˿ڡ
ѨˣҲˣͬʱΧڷγӱаǿʼǻӤϣëȻ
ʱǱΪʶ㣬˾ҲһƤ󲱾о΢΢
ʱǱ˶о˶Ѩ¶轵ҰЩа¶ԽԽֱͣݷ
֮Ϸˣһͺ䣬ҲǵһŲסվվӲ̲סȥ
ʱǱͬʱ󣬴ӱס
ǲתûʹΪ̫ױ֣Сġ
ʣܳס𣿡
֮һû£ǱţСı֡
ȻʵϣˣΧаҲܡ
аȻϰ䳱ʪҲ˵Ӧ¶ȣȻ½ûл䣬ҪͷЩͽаҲһû
ۿԶиа޵£ʱǱ˲˿
ǰʽȻڼаԽԽŨأȻѪ˶˫ִѪָŤҪץסʲôʲôҲץһʬ
һ߾߲ȱʬǾʬһϹѪҺƿǶһ㣬ճѪҺӡӡӡԲμ̨ԵȻһ˼̨
һ߲ȱʬץסӤʬ壬ѪģȻһֻӤСϸֱۣڶʬ彫ӤʬƶǶȻϣһԲԲССӣʬ塭
ÿһʬֻҪԵӤͳǲȱһֻ֣һֶӤСֻԲμ̨ϣгӤֱʬ壬гӤԴʬ壬ҲмȳӤֱۣҲӤԴʬ塣
ڿӤԽԽ٣Щʬ彥ʼ򶷣СˣȴøӼ䣬ЩʬʤЦ
ʱǱԺ̲סһ²⣺Щʬ壬Щʬ屾Ǳ̳Ӥ
ʱԽԽǻҲԽ̨ҲֻʣӤ
ǳӤͷӤ֣Ӥȣȫ´κһӤģֻʱǱ֪ǾӤסֻһӤ
ȻӤŤ˺ҧһ󣬷ҽУЦпкȴͷƤУͬͷ˶
δӤǺСһţ̨ӤȴѾºģԲһţǺɺ˫ۣҲһǸɰӣǴ˿̣ȴͬҰһ㣬ԹĿ⣬׺ݷʽԷ˺ҧñˣɼǡ
һѹһǰаԽԽ˷ܣккãҪǰ漷аǲ֪Ϊһһ̵£ΨʱǱ۵ױ֮ɫԽԽվһȺа֮䣬Ⱥ
 ԰ͬ


51 1+2


Ǳһ, ˶ݼȺһˤ
âڴ̵ĸоҲǵºʧȻȴûе, ΪǷ, ߵа, ѾûϢ
ƵһðŷЩа޲Ծ, Ӧöˡ
аȻŶñģģ, Ǿаתױһ, ˵ĺҲûαװģ˺ͻˣ࿴ܱ
Ǳǰɻھм, ƺ˿ûע⵽, ںҲԤеһĸ߽аǣĵ׸
һа, оͼһֻ֮ļ뷽ʽֻݲǻݵĳ, ǻݵĳ״̬, ԪӤڵĴܿԻһǧ꣬, Ϊ˻ȥʹû֮ʹԻݵԪӤڵڡ
߰ԪӤڣҲѡݵԪӤڸ״̬, ֻҪݳɹͽ, Ȼû֮ǰΪڣȱ˸, Ҳγ
ֿȫǺôᱻаϣȻԭ򡣴˳Υ֮⣬Ҫ뷽ʽʮѪỴ̄аϣҪɹҪʮܶƺ⣬ֻǾȴѾ˺ˡ
֮ǰǱû뵽а䣬ֱӤͳȥʬʮţŲȻֹˣֵȥаޣǸպʮˡ
Ѫ·
ζţѾ¶ˡ
Ǳûв²ˣûа飬ֻÿʮŵɺϽ˳
ִӵûĴˣǱһȫѸٷӦ˹
õģ¡
̲סЩ˶ˣûǽִ¶ˣֻҪһǼȫ¶
Ҳ룬ȻﵽаޣҲѾɵڲע뿪
˼ԲߣǰļڼӤڷֳʤӮ˵ĸʧܵӤ˺ȥȻͯģ
ֹĳΣ֮еˣҲ̲ס࿴˼ۡ
ֻ˿̣Ŵδ򿪣ʮߵˣŹŲڹ㳡ϣԺ޹ȴһ˳̧߲һź첼̨ȥ
ô
ǱûشµĽǶֻܿǹŵȣ֮滭ŹͼڣÿһڵӳһѪӡЩͼڱҲŻһߣϸ΢仯
׵µλȴܽ߿ǸӣҪ̫죬ֱ͹ŴȢָо࣬Ǻġ
Ƶϸܲܿװŵô
ףźᣬʵϸǵʵʵЩŤôȣûһ¡
ȻҪ²⣬ЩѾߵ˼̨ߣʺĽӡҲ쵽ˣѪصѪҺȻӿų̧ŵȥ
Ȼ֪ᷢôȫԭ£֮ǰڷμصаһ˹
ѪҺָ۳˿ײѾڵϵӣϵĺ첼ѪҺȻڻѪ˿ںһ𣬲ֻǺ첼ɫҲˣľʵҲڻ˿ں׳¶ˡ
֮ޣǺ
ǱҲǾ㵲ѣ˼޴СǲôȻ˹Ҫ
ع񣬹˲ԵشһЩ޴ѯ㳡һ㣬Ҳûܣû㵽ֻ³
ܳĬ˼룬ɡ
Ǳɫ΢𣿡
ܳҲЩίѵ֮ǰƭ㣿Կ֪ɵѪӣԹɱΣң
ǱҲʶԴܣŻô֪ġ
ܣҲ֪˶٣֮ǰСﲻǵҾô㲻ҾŻ᲻һֱҵĺһԣû뵽Ȼλá
Ǳ֪ģΪô
ܣǺ·ҲҾȥҡ㵽һҪľˣǴףǱ֪ӦСžһȥȵģҲȥȡ
Ǳ⣬Ϊô
˼飬֮УմȾһ˿֮ǹƽѳ˽飬ȴǱ顣
ϲŭ֣Ҳƫ֮ġ
ֻ֮ǰƫĵͣȴƺϡ
ܣΪôΪôҪΪֻһĺðգ֪٣ǲһ鶼ܺΪôͲԶһЩΣأô𣿣
Ǳѵ˲ĺ򣬹һŻش𣺡û
ôʵǧǰԱ֪Ȳˣȥ˾㻹
ǱܻеĵǣȷʵǴӦСžȺЩᣬŵûӣΪ˴Ե
ģܺɡ
ţǱЩЦҲеƭô
ǰơܵȻͲҪûˣȲˣŵôӰɡ
Ǳ֮ǰѯܣҲֻǾúܲû벻ɣ֪ԭѡ
ڼȻ֪ˣҲ£ĵ̾˿
ȷʵ֪ܵǰ£ΪֻһĺƴⲻеΣǸо޴СԽԽĵԽء
磬Ҳһ޹
Ǳȭͷγ̨ȥ
ѪҺɵ˿ԵŮȥѪҺϣȻһУȻŮнΪɫȻʹ֣һɫĺβڳѪҺ֮ȻȻһڻѪҺ

ŮȻ˫ۣ峺۵ˮŤҪ˿롣
˿ȴԽԽһ㽫СŮҲʼͺͺ֮ǵԽ߰ѪҺҲӷڣŮٶҲԽԽ죬ֱϽĽҲ΢Ψ۵һâãȻ˸ţĳĵȡ
ȻâȴԽԽ΢·涼ϨȻϨ֮ǰŮ۵׵ĹâסˣǲôֱֱǱ
Ǳ
ǰǼ̨ϵŮɻ֮Ǳȴ·ɩɩŶӣʹس֣ȣȾδֶӡ
֮ǰʳǷĽֵϣлЦ֪٣ǲǶԹӰΪôһֻС㾹Ȼ˾Ӵˡ
»ȮһȦЩ˳ͨ籨ŵĵӽͰѻˣǼӰôôôôҪҿǳ˼֮ǰӣӾͻЩӣҴ찤˴ϲŭ޳үϲŭɵúܡ
лЦеؽӻǰүǶԹӣǶԺӣԴӰ뿪֮󰡣ֻ;ܵܣү޹ֱ֣Һңһ£λܳ֡
лһţȴҲ˳лĻҪҿ˰¶ң¾ұˣû¾ͱţлûҾͻҿû
ȺɢˣлЦ֪٣ǴⲻλˣҲذܵĸ߹ٹɣ´ؽˣ㿴øôʰ㡣
㵱ɵ¹ԹԻؼ췣·ɽѧȥţֿ֪ôִյߣʹҡβͻ˵ĴƹЦˣܾãղںһ
л˸ۣô㻹ܶ
Ⱦҡ
Ⱦҡ
ŮѾǰ˵ģʹʹŤӱóªȻ۵ǿҵâȴڻ
Ⱦҡ
Ǳ˫ۣǾΪһȣȾҡ
ȾȣǱȰɣˡ޴СʹҪҳȥȥȣ
Ǳٿۣס޴ʣôȣ𣿡
꣬ס޴̨񽥽ҰܵŮ۵Ȼһ˿â
ܲʣ֪ҪôҪ
Ǳ׼ȷסһö̵ľƣľƹâǰһ̣һޱȵѩ׽â޾ɱ֮ɽ£޹Ķףһ⡣
ӰǰϴҪ޺ޣȴɵѩ䶼δ
ɫѿ֮㵽Ҫô
֮ÿ
ϴҧ޺޸ңȻÿ
֪֮ǺѣҲ㡣
ϴν粽ƣ֮Ҳ֪Һ֪ǺѣȻ֪͸ѡ޺޷ľô
֮ƽ޲ӳӰ۵ף·һķҲ磬ҡ
㵽ôϴ⣺治һǧˣ㵽Ҫô֪֮ˣһǧ֪֪
֮ɤôȷˡ
ϴôȷϣģʵڲԸĳը죬Ҿݳǵɽ£ۿըˣɽͷըƽˣ֪پĴ֮ǰɽѧѵ㲻ûƽ̱˳ӡҪǿֻ֪棬ôȷϵģ
֮ƽȻˣɽΪδƣ
ϴһ㶣ȷʵǵݶۣҲ벻׵һ顣
Ĵ󣬾ɽɽƽԲãӵɽĻɽ󣬿ԣֻҪڣɽ˿ƣҲܹԭ֮һΪܹɽ
Ȼǿ֮УҲһ׶ˡ
󼸺ɽϵɽһֱյĻܣԣɽһɽյԭҲɽۡ
ɽɽѧϰĵһΣάԼԲΪһƻôɽͻֱɽ·ĳǳҲΪɽάָգ֮֡
ǱԱ죬ˣɽΧȴδƣƵʯҲɽϵסû뷲˳ǳأԣٱ˵
ǧδ˽⿪⣬ϴȻҲ֪ҡ֪ûϵ𣿲ɽΪôûƣըˣ֪پ棬Ӧ֪֪ٲŷڣǶɽڣѾˣһҪˣҲûų֪֪
֮ɫ˪ҵһƬء
㡢桢桭
ϴɴ˫ۣöûһĻ
һľˣ֮ǰ֮ƤӰڶ޺о֮֮Уۣû뵽Ҳ벻Ӳ֪
˽֪֮һ֮ӣǸǧǰ׻֮ǰ˵ĺӣǧ꣬ûƿǣֱһʼλƿǵļ󣬼Ǽ֮ŽλѪ
ԣ֮廹壬λǳ⡣
Ϊĳ壬ݸڰ޴½Ψһ
Ѫİ֮ϵ̶ۣȿ֪
ۡϴܳˣۣԣҲԣҲֻԲԣ룬ۣû⺬ɣ
֮˿Ϊľ㵺״˿꣬ȴ𽵹ػشֻۣ¡
ϴ
ϴ
ϴ֪١ǡϵ
֮΢΢һ򦣬˼ȷ
ϴסԲµ°ͣʹ˿ڿˮֻãŻ㱵֪ûҹҡҡ
ȫ֪ôˡ
֮ѣһϴޱȷţҲ벻֪֮ϵ֮ǰ֪ٴûֳҲǺѵӰ
ô֮꣬ôִţȻΪ֪ٵġף
ϴ㱻ԵԺֳָ︡Ǻ
֮ÿ
ϴʶһԣȰ֮ߵɽۣѩ׽⸡ڿУͻȻôһţ԰Ҫϵ֪Ϊô޺޸㰡Ҳǡ
ڰ֮Ŀϴȥˡ
ѹְ֮ôͺͶԳƵģҪ֮ǰԵı˱ˣҲҪЩôһ룬֮ɻǿˡ
߰ɡϴ˰벽Ȼ̲סǰ˼ָΪԱ⣺֮ǡʱ£ҵýһ£Һ֪ôϵûǴ꣬װס
֮ջߣ֪
ʧӰ塣
縡ԹϿգգ۾ͽ뿪ؾڣȻڴ˿̣ϵ˲ôĿһƲ·ɽȥ
Ⱥɽ֮׼ȷҵһ㣬£ƿһ⡣


52 1+2է
է
է, ̳ķѡ
ͻһĽ࣬ħǽǲ쾪ֵ̧ͷȥ£
δ, ƳһƬѩ½, һ
ͬʱ, ̳෽۳ɳ״ѪҺҲ, ֮ǰ·ܹڻѪҺֱӾһ޷ٴںϣŵĺҲ˼ʹࡣ
а޺־ڼ̳һ, ȴ֪ʲ, ûнⲨ
ǰŵаǾûˣǽƺһ㣬аԶ˴, ǰһŵааһ, ˭ûӹˡ
аǼգۼԼ˾һƬ׷׺ˣ£
ֻüһ, ɢĽɱһаޱ㳯һаԶȥۼһаһ, а޶ʱһ, Ҵܡ
֮ҲҺˣһһסͷ
λǰһ, ٵúڰɣ
һһɽٶɽˣ
ɽڣΨһĶɽھɽϵľɣ
ѵˣ
֮޺׶һ, ۵׵˷ܺڴ
侲˭ڶ뿪õʱ
ʱǱܸͬͬ, һǰ棬ͷһء
֮޺Ҳ֪أèץƵĺ, Ҳû٣ϾǱȺضˡ
ǳһа޵Ķʱ̳ΧȴѾָ
αߵа޹ϣ죿
Ϊϵа̧ͷȥץסεָݿ£û˵ֱαߵаʱſڣǴϵɤǼӿٶȡ
а޵ǡ
˵ֱתͷԸа޼䣬маȺУ֮ǰƬа̳
а޵ҺӤʬû¡
аȴûлشϷһ
ɽа޶ɽֻ֪һɽȴ֪һɽõҲһͬˣк֣֮ŵƣڻҷľֻǸղȺа޺ˡ
ܶǧĵƵֻˣа޵׸Ťĺ޺Ϳ죬˭ŵưס
ɽϷ֮纮˪һ˲˲ǰꡣ
Цеվʮ׵ĵطͷСɱң
˭֮ɤĺ˭ģ
գۣ˭õѽǰ״ˣСһǧʶ𣿡
֮ԭأûлشҲûг֡
а޽һ۵ף򶶶ţѹס˿ŤЦʱȴ͸¶ĺ飺ż
ǡʱЩͽа˹а޵Щͽаһͬһ㣬ѾըķѣȴѪҺʵļ̳֮С
һֱԲμ̳ϵӤʬЩаޣɻָѩɰӶʱаޣԭʼķʽ˺ҧ֫ǵ
ԣӤʬûм䣬ܹʶɱǵˡ
Ӥʬٶȼ죬һʮʬ֧֫飬ѾûжѪҺѪأٴЩ֫ϱ֮ǰƮϷѪҲΪһڵ
ӤʬʣĺҲźʼۼ
һֱһԵа޼״ĵЦϣʽɣϾδ䣬ͷǡ
аͷаְа޵嶪һԡ
Χа޶ͷ
аϵɤޱȣӿٶȣ죡
˵ʱʶҲûдɽϷ뿪ֻѾ֮ǰ۲λԽԽԶˡΪ֮ûϵһֱɱУĵƺ顣
ûãак޼ȴ˿Ҵ󣬰֮ĽаĿǣʱʶ֮Ľ׽ҲԪˡ
аԸŰ֮ܶߺʱ֪оŷƵ飬֮ǰЦѾǱ֧׾Űɫ⡣
߶߸ѯСҶǺΪʲɱңѵǧδһ㶼𣿡
֮纮̶ȴͻ˽а޶Ϊ˵ʱһ죬ɱֱӹᴩš
ʻȴҲٵھ㵶аҲʶʲѸջʶӡ
ӦʱǵѾƽֱӽεʶ롣

һĲҽ죬аǴңʱǱǶסͷһۡ
֮ޣո񼦽еǸЩа޵ͷͷɣ
ףǡ
Ҳʲ
ʱǱһ·Ҳסֺ棬ʲ
Ǻʱһ٣ֻ©һɽ˸󶴣ڵֱɽʱ硣
ɽʯ䣬̳ϵаȴûߣؿʼ׼Ӧս
Ƴʲͫһס׵ĸ첲ߣ
׼ʶǱȥֻոջɽ谵ʼںϣӤʬͺĺаƼ䣬һɹаӿˮ㳯ӿ
˶ʱ˵أʹȫȥ
ЩӴܵаҲ磬Ũ̫а˵Ҳֻ֣֮ʹʱǱҲ¡
ʱǱӳ㳡һ̣һɫѩɫͬʱ䣬նаޣǰֱʱǱǵķ
ʱǱ˹㳡ܶǽڵ˿ֻһ룬ٴ
Բʲ˼֮޵⽣׷ʲѵΪǴа޵·
Ҳ׷Ľɫ⣬Ѿڹ㳡Ҳû֮ǰǽţ֮ǰĽǰɫģǽɫλǰĽ
ǡת˸䣬֮Ťͷһ⽣׷ǰ
ףܻһǰأǴ·ǽϴˣ˰ɣЩаԹϾӦ鷳
õ˴󲿷ͬʱǱ
֮ޣʱСǱѣ
ʱǱ˶ñѣҾǽΪ·㣬Ǹǡ
֮ޣΪû𣡡
ʱǱָĶڣˣȥ˵żһ㣬һȥ
ҲŴӺһԾڲݵϣվȾֳǻаҲ׼ʱЩа޷ܵø죬ֱɽ֡
֮ޣ£
ףΪǺЩǰһģ
ƣҲпΪץʱִ
һ˵˲ȷʵܣʱǱа޵Ķñǰ棬˸ں棬ȷʵץʱǱ˵ΪǺλǰһģܵ÷ɿ졣
֮޺һû뵽
ҲúЦ˵۾һǽָˣ
һͷɫٴ׷˹βݵûаޣĿȷãֱֱʱǱȥ
֮޼æʱǱ·ʱСǱѣ⽣ϳаˣ
ʱǱ϶ˣѾˣָֻ죬˾һѸٴ㵽֮󣬵ͷＷɣ
֮û֣ԭأǰˡ
ѩ£һѩ齣ѩƷˡ
ֻǴҴһƳҲֻҴҴһƳ˱Ѹٵͷ
ƺͽӦΪѸ٣Ҿлǰ֮
׳˺֮ޣ֮ҲعϽʱǱ
ñΪʱǱȫУӾƮ࣬Ѿ뽣϶Ϊһ޺ޣź֮޺Ҿǰ
֮ĿһϮ¶ñϣɤȪϣȴޱȣˡ
ʱǱû׷ģȴĽʾ֭Բߡ
վţ֮޼ȴΪ˰ѺʱǱŭ˰֮
ĴܴѾ˵Ź֣ǰλܳöãʵҲվһ֮޾͸оԼˣǰ֮ʴϵ䣬ϵĶĸо
λǰĽɢ
ǰѽҲǰʱǱϳаްɣ
֮뵽ŶΪʱǱ˵ǰǶִģΪִλͬ´а޵·ҲΪִʱ򷽱㣬аޣһ·֤Լ˵ţʱǱǰ
ʱǱˣװװˣֻ½ǣ̵ؽ·һѵʱڰοԼСӦϳ޺޵쳣£˵ڳúһģСûܵ͸ۣϳĿܼͣ
ݡ͡ţʱǱ৵һѶñˣ⧼һ˫ѩǵ˫
֮á
ã
ʲã
ʲ
ʱǱģס˵ĳ嶯һ߸Լ򶨣һ߹򶨵ջߣսصͷǰаޡ
˵ʱ޺תһȦ䣬ûйҽĵطҲԼԼϣ
ʱǱ˲࣬㿪޺ޣ޺޵ǱԹ
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ʱǱʵ뵽޺ͻ֮ǰϰ޺޽ʱ޺޻ϴԸĥ˺þòǿĬҲûòʣûк
ϴΪʲĽСĹʲ¶غĽ
𣿡֮аޣΪնа޺޸ࡣ
ʱǱ˼һѣʼ֮ġ𣿡ʱ롰ʲ𡱣ֱʶڻ˵ԼаǾ仰
ǣ޺ʲʱնаĽˣ
޺նаǰ֮Ϊʣ޺޵һնİɣ
ʱǱ֪֮˵˳ɾѾ¶ˣװɵ㶣ԭ⽣նаѽûӦ֤аɡ
ֻ֮˵;Գϣ
ʱǱվں֮ס˴룬ʱֵͷֻܼ֮֮һֻ֮һҲһ̵ֱĻָ
֮ǡ
ʱǱ޺ޣаѽ߰ɡ
֮һʱǱȥ
ʱǱʱһ޺֮һҵݸǰ
֮ס޺ޣˣŷӦֻƻûס޺ޱȥֱʱǱ·ʡ
֮ޣడ
֮࣬޺ֻضá
˿Ҳ̫Ծˣ֮סضˣʱСǱΪʱСǱضˣ
֮΢ʱСǱ
֮Ϊ֮ʱǱͬµ֣ʱСǱǳưɡ
̧֮ʱǱǹϵ𣿡
֮ףӦúðɣתͷʱǱǰɣ
ʱǱ֮ܿߣЦС
֮ϴأ
֮޼ˣϴݽǰ
ʱǱЦһʶǰǰ˵Цˣ
֮ʶһ֪ˡ
˵꣬ʱǱܾһӾͽൽֱ˽ϡ
ߡ
һѩ׽һ⣬̼ʧں֮޼ǰ
ף£
֮ޣʱСǱ͸ղλǰʶ
Žʧķ򣺡Ӧʶ
ʱǱ֪ûˣ֮ǰִ֪ҲʱľУʵˣȴֻȥиɽ㣬аҲûϵ
ǧ߿ϣƲ㣬ιѩ
ʱǱѾһȣ;е£ֻ׼һȣ͸оѩͣȫεĽ֮⡣
գգۣסʲʱˣ
֮ͷӹӳĵֻ
װˣ
ʱǱʼ磺Ҳѽ
֮תãŵһǧ꣬ȥ
ʱǱһ㶣Ķûȥ֮䣬ûƭ㣡Ķûȥʱ˻ȥҾһ۾ǧԺˡ
û뵽⻰һ䣬֮ͱˡ
һμСʱ򣬲СΪѰɸ
죬һ·׷ʱɽԵɽϤıܺۼɽܵɽûҵʱȴΪǰһĻʧ
ɽվľͷ˾ʯ»ǳ䳤ۣƮ
ǲ˶Ŀ赭дɨɫ˫峺ѩˮڵϪ
ˡ
ɤɰѩɾ
ʱǱع˿ûжøеκ߳ɽԺͼҵɢˣ̨мһСͯӣ
궨һʱǳʱ
ʱǱɫʱϵɽ
ԣֻ
ʱǱǼ˵˻˵δй·˴˰㣬ʲҲ˵ʱ
ʶתϵĲӵתһδǰ׳Ϣһгģ
ѵɷ
ʱûйϵ
ʱǱ˼ת˻˶ԲߣͼѾɽʯϣҷس׹ǹ⣬һ


53 1+2

ʱǱƿＸֻʰ쵵Ұ, ЦСƷζôˣǰ㲻ֻϲЩرصģЩ׵̵𣿡
֮Ŀ仨֦ѩָ, ֻƿ巢ʲô
ʱǱһ, תͷЦ
֮ʱ֪١
ʱǱ֮ǰƢЩ, ôоֱˡ¶ߵĻ, ַ˻ƿָⲦŪŻ, ûʲôܷʲô, ȻҾˡ
֮λƣ
ʱǱһ˳ϸоÿ仨Сۣĵ, оһ, ֲǲ֪
ʱ֪١̸֮Ц
ʱǱһȫƿһ, ＤƢʱ, ˲ȫȥ, һſ°͵, 죺ʲô
֮򴽣ֻ֪ʱʲô
ʱǱҲǲˡָ·, ӳ죺֪ɽҿǡ˰, ֮ЩǲѣҲûʲô˺, ЩַҵҲɽˣܲһʦŰɣҵ۾͸ɴԱˣһ˰¡
֮֮ƿߣˣ㲻˵Ҳ㡣
ʱǱָͣ٣ȴһû̧ͷ
СãȻһȦûԺӰʲôͼһɫӰ˳ʰˣס¡
ʱǱ̧ƨȥû߰
֪֮аȾ
ʱǱĿ΢һ
֮ǰͲˣĳھƵյ֮һܵΣμʱʱҵǶʱ⣬ʵܰûй½룬Ҳûجš
Ȼڳ˶ԻξʱǱ˵ȴȻʱűҲû˯ˣҲˣܹ˯Σ쳣
ҲˣԼ֮ǰӳ嶯ҲԽԽʱҵ֮ɱ˻Ǿˣܳ嶯ˡȨܱСĽܻţʱûԼ£޷ߵĸ߶ȡ
֮ǰа޼Ĺ㳡ϣ֪Ⱥܣȴɳ嶯óĵһЩʱ˸ͷ¹Ȼѹǣ˲ʱ˵ľ
֮µսȭɵȻˣҲҡ
ʱǱһ٣Ҳԭ򡭡
̧֮ǰһʲôԭ򣿡
ʱǱŤͷܿߣؾ֪Լа֣Ҳ֪аҲʲôãγ嶯㣬Ҳû̫ัá
֮ԣʱǱת˻⣺ҿаͦģӮûû
֮ˡ
ʱǱ㵵̧ͷˣаܴСߣֱ˼飬аô
֮ɤ䣺ܵø졣
ʱǱŶʱ̫Σˣаú˻ƵģҲԼܱ
ֻ֮ﵹӳ
ʱǱЦȥˣǼ⣺ʲôֻأҿ㱻ǼѪˣû˰ɣ
а̫֮ʱγ
ʱǱصͷʱñ䴵һӦþͲˡ
֮а֮á
֪֮ǰ㲻Ҳа𡭡Ű֮Ŀ⣬ʱǱ˵ȥˣȻתתȥҲûתˣֻûһ˳Ļ⣺ǴĶôذ͵ʱס̫ˡ˵ϴҵ壿֮ǰǷͷͺͺģû뵽ȻҳôһлɽͷɽͷȡûҲûְɣ
֮ȡ
ʱǱͷֲ󡪡ͷ㵽һ룬Ȼֹ㵵ȣ
֮ǡ
ʱǱٿվôҴˣҵôȥӦͨĳڰɣ
֮ûС
ʱǱţûôģѩٶô죿һ͵ɸٽˣ
֮ûķһƬҶҶģֳһ֡
ʱǱ棺˵ʲô
֮аأ˿а򡣡
ʱǱ˵ɣɵȥɣ
֮ͬȥ
ʱǱȥʲôЩϴ󳼶Ҳ̫˳ۣˡ
֮˻ҡ
ʱǱȥ~
Ȱ֮ӰʧʵַΧڣʱǱгܣ֮ǰ˵ҲϣǲǾС
ܱصԼ¡
ʱǱģһ£֮ǰôӣҲ˵аްɣ
ܺԼ¡
ʱǱ΢΢ţҺʲôʲôԹ㾹Ȼôң
ܣԼ
ʱǱһָͷס죺ˣ磬֮ǰҵĴڵǸ˴һҼƽϵĶ԰ɣ
ȥĨ˺üɵڣʲô
ʱǱʲôȻ˰
ܿɽȣɽˮģҲ㣬رʺʲôߣ
ʱǱڲǻڴ򹤻ծ˵˺֮ǼҲ˿϶ģҿɲֲġܵб£ʱǱĿڣҵ뿪⣬ܵĻмɣ
ܱأֱĽɳȥ£ʲô㣿㲻˰Ѻ֮ǰǰѱòĹټӵʲô˵ҲܷأǴߣֲ
ʱǱԽԽòԾ磬⻰˵ģҾǸС
ܣ㲻𣿡
ʱǱҵȻǣװףĳһ
ܣ˲֪ҿ̸֪Ͱ֮ʲô㻹˵ԼУ
ʱǱǲǼٵ𣡡
Ȼֱ׳͸¶˼顣
ܣĽ˻Ǽٵģ
ʱǱǲ𣡡
ܰŰɣģ
ʱǱȻģʱ˵Щеûģܲܵˣ
һգһ˵ܡ
ʱǱ㶼û
ͻȻʶʲôȻֹӲûתͷ
֮ʲô
ವһµ̣ʱǱǰһƬС
ĵװһתͷʲôʱģҸ׼ȥ㡭
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˵תȥ
ʱǱԭվһȷӲˣֻܸϡ
ɽȳȻǱѩɽȵĸ뿪ڣƳ˱Ⱥ˪ĲϢˡ
һ·ϣʱǱûҶ˵һ֣ԽԽ̶һ·˰뱲ô޲ܸϿѡ
ԽԽ޲ϵǧǰսؾʱ򣬼ȻһһˣʱʲôС۵ǻʱ֪ƬƬСۣͲּȥûô飡
ʲô
ʱǱ뵱ʱǡѸٹһҼǵǻûаޣˣЩа޼ҲèƵģš
֮ɽɽ꣬ɽѷһаȪа۳꣬ؼܱ߳ǳأ֮аޱɱ
ʱǱʣӦû°ɣ
֮һۣ¡
ʱǱ˿Ҿɽس£׵塣
ʣ֪֪аȪôģ
֪֮
ʱǱ˼ƺҲǧǰˣ֡
֪ɽһլԺǰ
һֱԺǰԶԶͿ˸ڰ֮ߵʱǱ۵׵ľ㵻δкͼ߽飺¡
֮ںδ
ֵԺ
֮·
һ·ϣʱǱܾ죬̲סһһۡ
֮֡
ʱǱ㵣С֣
ֽŲһ٣һ״¶ȻɫС󣬻ôֻһǰ˴ӳ־͸ϤУ·֪Ӻζˡ
֣֪ٸ磿
ôΥĳƺʱǱЦۣ㰡С֣֮ǰôСһСأڶôˡ
ŵͣ½Ųʧѯʰ֮ǡ
֮ףǡ
ǰüĿЦ꣬ۿһȣ㡢û
ʱǱˡȦ죬Цֻ֮ˣôСʱһǸСް
ֲͷĨȥᣬҲǡ
ʱǱЦʰ֮³𣿡
֮۵Ҳһ˿Ц⣺¡
֮ϸոȥĺָ˰벽ʧˡ
ʱǱתͷֿ֮°ס֣Ҿ˵ôһûϳԭ࿪ʶһӣģֱСͷˡ
֮Ƴһۣÿɷ
ʱǱʼ磬첽ߵߣ˱˵ߣҼǵ֮ǰ͵СأôһӾôˣ
ֿ۰֮ɫǧκһ̶ͣ𣺡ԻԽԽߵġ
ʱǱ룬ʮֹۣû£Ҳᣬʮأܵʮ꣡
һ㶣ʮꣿźۼ͵͵Ƴ˰֮һۣСʣ֪ٸ磬֮ǰʮ
ʱǱ޳ǡ
֮ѱ棺Ͷ̥
ʱǱһ죺ɡ֪ôԼԽ飬֮ǰһֱûһļ䣬ֱǰʱͻȻָ
ͣСƳ۰֮һֱŵڷҲ˵˵Ļá
ɽפء
֮޼ָҵǽվСʱˣ˭Ҳûжȫĵؿæľǡ
˾ֽһ绰֪˭ʮ𾴣޷λ֪ˣ鷳ˡ
ĻСʱΡ
֮ɫգ֪ͲʱСǱˣλ˭ʲôһȦǰǡ
侲ȷʱǱλǰʶģӦòΣգǲţһλǰ彣ϸڡ
üʱģôʲô벻ҾͼǵǰѽǰɫģȻλǰҲǰ£áǳÿ
һѽɫĽʱǱʮϤ
ԣ̧֮ͷôȥ˾˵
˵첽ȥ˾ڽһ绰̧̧֣ʾȲڣȻصشǱߣʱǱִǶҶʮصķˣӦþ飬ʱǱ
֮Ųһ٣鶼
ִʵͬһţְҲ࣬ȼȴͬ˵ִڵذ£żҺ͹֯Щȫ鹤ֻڼҸ߻أֻشΣʱľӢŶˡ
ִǧһʵ츳λܽ룬ȴڴ˻ϾѡѡţΨЩִִʸμÿʮһε鿼ˣȻʮ꣬鶼ѿȥһˡ
׻˵뵱ʿǺʿִҲһִʿĿ궼顣
֮붫ʱ˾ѹҶ˵绰ʲôˣ
֮æ˳һɫĽ֮⣬һɫĽǰѽʶʱǱһͳ˹
˾ɫ΢䣺ʱǱûУ
֮ҡͷûУǰѽƺ׽ʱǱǰѽҲλǰģǻʶ
˾˼ɫĽ
˼ʱһ߽Աתͷ˾ĵ绰
˾ĺ֮޵ļ򣬡ٶ룬ԽҵʱǱԽа
֮վãǣ
˾תõ绰Ǳ˲ˣ֮ߣ״̲סͷ֮ǰ˾绰ʱٽҲûôȻе㡭ܳı飿
̲֮סŲ͵
ǣģѽˡ
ǻڵ飬϶һȪˮûйϵ
ɵˣһλ·Ĵܡ
֪ݣֻ֪һ£һѩ׷ɽҲ
һλִִ
ʱǱ
֮޸˾˵ʱǱ֣ͼ˵˵ͻȻվֱˣȥһлʦ棡
ʦ棿֮޾ȣ˾ҲСˣʦأô˵Ҳ޵ˣ
˾Ҷϵ绰һֱصıɿЩһһֱ֪ڵʲôľ˵ϵɽǱˣһѰҡ
ϳɽȻɽפصľ˶֪ңһķΧЩ֪ĸٻ˾䣺˾ǲ֪˵ݣ
˾ҡͷ֪
پȣʲô
˾ȻɻʲôЦЦݽʶλǰҴӦɽȥʱǱ
ӲֻǸ٣վԶԶƼ˶ˡ
֮޿첽߹ȥ˷ܵ˰ɣǾݽǰȥʱСǱ
ףˣȻǰ
ƣ¿Էˡ
֮޻ЩϧʱСǱ氡ȻܳݽǸϵϲɽͺˣ˵ܿɽ;ݽһȥʱСǱǰ޹ߣ
ףΰ㡣


54 

ʱǱһ·һ·, ûþ͵˺ݾӵԺ䡣
ֽŲһ٣£ˡ
֮ͷʱǱҡ
ʱǱתת, ̽ͷ￴һۣװԸȥ
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Ȼ㲻ҡʱǱΪ֮ԲţС, Ļ˼ĲﷴӦҽȥ
֮ƽؽʱǱ˵Ļа̫Ӱ졣
ʱǱҲȫûӰ, żجΣҾֶմá
֮а
ʱǱ㲻˵䲻;𣿡
֮ٿǷԸ֡
ֵͷǡ
ʱǱûǡ ʲôͼ֮ѾһԺ䣬ûиȥ, ĬĬվԭ, ҳ֣ҪʲôԶ׼
ʱǱ˰벽Լߡ˼ĵĬ
ֵ֪ٸͱµĬ
ʱǱţҺʲôʱйĬ
ֲ⣺֪ٸͱ²һֱĬ𣿡
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˵ʱ, һ, Խƽ͵ԺƮаѸ塣
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ʱǱƣǧȥ, µĵ־ˡ
֮ջ, ֣ź顣
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ʱǱתͷʰ֮ҳúˣ
֮Ƴһۣۣ¡
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ʱǱ
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Ȱ֮ԶˣʱǱ֣а˷󣿡
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ʱǱСУСѪæ뿪һ˲òһδԣȽױĳݣСȻǸ
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ʱǱͰ֮ΪϴֽץʱǱɧŰֽ֮һ𱻹ؽ˰˷У˷ûۣ޷ֻܲ⣬׼˴ܳȥ㲻׼죬ʱ䵽Ҳܳȥ
νǼϱѧϰԺ͹ؽһ壬ǵʱǱĳͷ֮һ
ʱǱ䱻֧Ŀ־ʱֽ͵ԭ¸󷨺ûʱƣֻҪ޷Ͳ뿪
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ʱϴ𾪵촽΢΢Ļţ
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ЦЦǰɽӡ
Ůû뵽ʦֻô˧ĹˣںδлʶʶѽûҶԱȶԱȣλݰ׵Сʦ񡣡
˵꣬һֱû˵תͷȥŷ֪뵽ʲôҲ˻˵ˡ
һɽǲɽѷ촦
ɽѷ켫¼ףӿаȴѷ֮С
ǶѾԪӤΪȴҲֱµѷ£ǻҪѷϱߣŻᵽ⿪ٳȫаϢĵط
Ȼ߼ͼѷɳ¶ϲɫʦ֣ƽճˣ
½Ųһ٣ʱҲ¶ϲ飺ģ
ģ˵ոռƻأ˿ڱܷȥɡ
ܷҲϱߣסĵطԶµлֺͬе˵ϱ߷ȥ
쵽ܷʱ·ɽԶԶҾƣ
ԶԶģŵɤɡ
ˮɫ΢ڿееˮ¥̨ƾճɽ䡣
¿첽ˮ鿴ţܿ쵽һ¥ǰţŽȥ
ڣòŵֳֹż󷽣룬ȻһЦ
½ŵڶ£ƣôǰأ塭
ҡͷЦЦͻȻ򣬾ͳˣɷʲô£
µͷʱɽ̫ܲƽ޷˱аȾļ˵פػаɽý磬ڽ֮м롣
巭һ٣룿
£ʱ֪ʲô룬˵·ǰæûмɹ
˼·صǰ֪˭
ͷӲ֪
ЦЦմĻɽ֪ЩѾܶˣ𡣡
£ǡ
ʣϴұչǰ˵ҪƳԾаķɳɹˡ
£ʵУֻǵ޶ۣθĽаֻܽһ֮ڵааá
˵˵ţͷֵȥ
ЦѾܲˡ
ҡͷ֪޶ֻۣú첹㣬ֻЩ츳ĵǱȣ粻ɽ޴֣ƽ
Խ˵Խ϶˴ܵɫɷ顣
һβУԶΣٴβУһһΡγˮ뱭Уݸ£±Ҫԣһδʧܻ۵ĶǾ顣
£ǵѾоʮ꣬ʮʧۻľõѾҲҲԸĽĵطˡ֮ǰͬΪӣΪһʦֻʺǰ˾飬ֻܸƣ޷¡
壺£ʱ뿪ɽȴ翴ˡ
¾ŵǵʲô
ҡͷ˵ɽ£ԣ˳ġȥжһһ£ж֪ǰ·ãҲֱǰ㿴֮󣬲֪ʱĵǳɹʲô
һ㶣ĵԼ򣬾þû˵
һƬҲ½ϣãŻʣдϢ
»ҡҡͷʱûУ˵ȡ˻ǡ
ٿط飬ʲôʱ򣿡
ѵüһŵȻľ˼еģ¾һ˲ܿش𣺡Լʮ֮ǰ
˼תȿж
ҡͷû˵ʳȵϢ
崹˼Ƭ̣Ըϵҡ
ҲվҪߣаǽΪȶϵ飬ֵֻء
ɽаأ֪Ϊߵʿֻפأգż뿪Ȫˮ߽ʿϡ
Ȼһ
ǳЦҾˡ


55 
ͻ
֮ʱ, ʱǱǡù䵽
ʱǱǧǰû뵽ǧȥû˿ı䣬̨һ, ̧Ͽ˿ټǧݣ̾û䣬ǸоǧǰˡֵҲΪû֮ǰߡ
ʮֺʱǱʮôģҲûע⵽ֱ֮Ӿʵ֪ٸ磬֮ǰ㶼ûмĻôֿʼˣǲʲôԵ
ʱǱһɣű, , ҲǻԵɣҼָͷڸ, ȻûҲʣ˵ȻԵɺ˿ǧ, ֱӾˡ
ǧ飿ֱվ, ʱǱ, ָΪ£Ҳƺ̫, ڰѰŲŲ, ŲʱǱűߵĽݣߵȻأܿ𣿡
ر졣ʱǱЦȥ˹ǰİԽ, Ƕ˵, һЩС, ˡ
ָп˳ѽ
ʱǱҲпǰûв˳ʱ
һһ̤;һ·ƽ˳𵤡ԪӤ˵ûƿЦԣ˵ˣ˵ֻ֮·ĵطȴӲ
ע⵽ʱǱ仯µ뵽ʲô죬ȴ˵ʲôοĻ
ʱǱʱСһСС磬ʱ·ûһƨɱͬ峰Цʱźú֪ٸȵʱͿԻû·ˣȻһȣҲûеȻ
Ƕʱ֪ϵ׷ʲôǧȴҲһ֪ģıµ껹ǵ£Լǵõһʱ䣬ʺڶ೤ȰִҪ뿪ȣԺ峤Ϊ׵ļѹ£Ž
Ƕʱ䣬µİף̤ٺǱ´ȥɽѾɽƵľսˣǳ϶˽꣬Ҳڴڼ佥
ܹûΪʱ½˱µλãİ׻ָ¶ȣػأһƺָƽΨɽңңСɽ̵ѩѻڡա
ʱ룬֪ٸ绹ڣ¾Ͳ˰ɡ
ڼʱǱȴĪʼ룬ǵʱһֱڣ֪ٸͲ¶˰ɡ
ۿɬ뿪ڣͿԶԶһӰǧ£ĿȴֻһϣȾ¶ȡ
ʯ䣬ֺͻȻˣǧִź͵ȴΪʲô
վˣˡ
ʱǱע⵽֮ˣ𳯰֣֮ˡ
֮Ӹ¿
ʱǱֵĶһ٣ղ˴Ҳ˲䱻һվҲǹİ̫ˣ˲
֮ʱǱ̨׵Ƭϣת
ʱǱƮһ˲ֱ׳Ҳܸ߰ô䣬ΪôͣÿһҪ˵᲻ۣ
֮ԣһ׽ߵߣۣ¡
ʱǱԭأ㾹Ȼϣ
̧ۣ֮䣬¶һعǽڷֱֱץסʱǱ΢΢ͽҲȥ
ҿʱǱ治ѣһ¾ЦŴչȥ㻹ʶСǲ˼ð˶ˡ
֮ͷƽ
ʱǱüһ֮ˣν裬գïɡ֮£Ʈu֮ѩԶ̫֮ϼȶ֮ܽޡ˲ˡ
񸳡;ЦĿһ٣˴˵ĺڱǼ⣬ʱǱȻʶ˵ľж
֮ʲô
ʱǱ˹ٿغˣһǺ˵ԣû񸳻ûͼ𣿡
֮û
ʱǱҪЦ䣬Ȼ˿ȴֻŶһʵʵ´δ㿴ɡ
֮ĿĶṴЩá
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ɽ
֮޼һֱʱǱϢȻֱðҹָſ˯˹ȥҲûκϢ
⼸Сһֱ⣿ϴʱľǼŤֻ˵ĳ
·ĸٵȰ˺üΣ˾Ȱˣǲߡ
ϴЦͦãˣ
˵̸ƣ۾𣬿ϴ͸ʱ㶣θ٣ʱִϢ𣿡
ŸٿϴϴЦЦǶǹʱǱǽȥһɡ
Ÿ˵ǣƱ㲻Ҫѣֱҡˡ
֮Ժ𣺡ʱСǱˣ
ƵϢˡ
ģҲֱˣ۾Ǳû°ɣ˵ǲѣȻǵ͸ˣһϢҲء
ǸسϴͺθЦЦС׻ûѣǸ˵šһףֱӽóѹ
Ҳ½Ĩ͸źθһȥ˸ڵĻҡ
˾Ѿں˵̧ͷٿһ¾վСܵϴԱߣʦ棬ôԹ
ϴ̧̧֣˳·˳һˣ鷳
˾ͷΣ˵վһԡ
ϴûǶôأվš˾Ȼнº͵ֱۣ˵ˣ㶼վţЩСô죿
˾ע⵽һĺ֮ǣҲ֪ϴһġ˾ʦʮϲӣγضΪС
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͸״һܣΪ֪û츳Ըһɽдĥ£ҲɽʱʦأһѡԼߵĵ·
˾񻹼ǵʦ˵ĻֻҪʲôȥ׷ʲôȥ׷ҵĺӿѡκһߵ·
Ϊ仰ɽͶӪǻصפأֻΪ֮꣬ټʦһ档
˾ͷ֮޼ˣº˼֣ɡ
֮޼֮ǰ֪ϴݣͨ˾ķӦҲ³ˣЩнļ˸Ǿн˾£Ҳһվñֱ
ֱϴҲ˵һ飺ɡ
֮޼˲ˡ
ϴ״ͻȻʱ֪СʱʱûĸҪȻҲһʦһŸĸ͵ĸΨһҪ˵ģܾʦ𣬶ʱ֪ٴžֳͰ֮ˡ
뵽ϴٴ֮ʱ֪ٵ飬ʱû⣬ɴʱһ룬־ð֮ǻܷܣޱȷ֮ʱ֪ٵ鿪Ц֮˵ʱ֪ٻž;ǻţֻǡôܾﲻأ
ٲԶһ㿴һۣȥһܲɣʱ֪Ҫ֪ҹȥѵ᲻ңԸǰס֮ƭңϴԽĥԽòԾžվ֮һûиʱ֪ҹȥˣҵʱɽ£Ϊʲôһ壬ֱӻȣҼʱ֪٣Ϊϵ
˾ͼԼʦͻȻվһźͶʮûʲôͻȻ¶ŭ顣
ʦ棿
ϴͻȻסʶԼʧ̬ˣ͵ҸղͻȻһЩ¡
˾ޱ⣺ضɽа޼ɣʦģЩаѾˣʣûüܵҲץڿǼĿġ
ϴһ磬ͷЦǰҾ¡Դӳ屲ߵʦ֮ϴլ嶥ɽﲻˣΪԼض˻ϲ
Ȼٲάסʦ󣬾ջʵԲͽ
ϴ⣬˳ĻЩаޱȲ񣬾ȻƤӵ¼룬ҵϣޱʳǼĿģԷֹı
˾˳ӵǡ
˵ЩϴԼߵĿģʱ֪ʱǱûʲô£ߵǡһͣ٣һ£˸ĹϵʦǡҲʦʶԾ͹ȥȷһ£û£ʱûǲõġ
֮ʱǱû¾ͷģʣΪʲôʱܻ
ϴɽܵаţҪʦа
֮޾㵣ʱСǱһֱűаǶû£ôᱻаȾ
аϴüͷ֪ʱǱķģ˵˱аӦòа֣ܵаȾӦü򵥾İ
Ƽ˼ﻹʣµһűаݸݾʱǱִķ
ϴӹϤıʷ˲乴Ļ䣬Ҳʱ֪Ļ±øΪʵһЩϸ˿ָһ΢΢ɻʱ֪ٷڵΪıаôŲ𵤵
֮Ǽϴһֱû˵ҲͲҿڡ
ֱϴȥҲ벻ΪʲôԼ񣺡ҲΪʲôᱻаȾӦò󣬰γаúϢʱͻˡ
Ψһֱͷ΢΢
ע⵽ܵܵʣôˣ
̧ͷۿ죺ǱǰѱаˣԲŻᱻаȾġ
ϴڣǴ˵ûͬѹҲӲ˵Ķ䡣
üʲô˼
ۿԽԽ죺֮ǰǷֿ֮Ща޾׷Ǳҵıаҵ˺ܶιǾ֮ѾûбаˣǱ緢֮ҵģҿ϶УΪ
˵ȥˣڳȴ֪˼
ʱǱ˳ȥȻÿ˶УϱȻҲУ׼״ȻΪʱǱ֮ԼҲʣ࣬˿̲ʶʱǱǽļűа
֮ޣǹ㳡ôа
Ѿ˿ǻка޺ǱʦʱаҲˮһʱǱ϶Ӱ졣
˵˾ǵıʱ
ϴҲ΢΢ȣȴûжൣģΪ֪ʱǱʣѰаûʲôãجЩټа֮ڣ͸Ӳˡ
û¡ϴ˻ĬķΧİɡ
׺Ȧ𣿡
ϴЦġ
ʱһӼԶĵطפ˷վ˶첽ߵ˴ߡ
ȻκζΨб鲼ǳǿգŨ˲ĺҹ
ϴɵıȻ仯˾СʮߣϽĲȫеڣرŴת󷨡
˾ΪѸ٣ŸܳȥܿԸȥ
֮޼ʲôˣ
ȻϴȴûлشֱߵߣݽѾ˴⣬֮غô
˵꣬Ϸɽʧǰ
ƺͽһһߣѸٽϣһƬžȴܶ
֮ޣǳȥʣ
ԭصȡ
Ҳͷ˾Ǳ߿϶ҲæǲҪȥˡ
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ʱǱͰ֮û̫ãʱѩϵݡ
մӱѩؽůɽȣ˿ɽô£ô䣬˴ĵطôԹһ䣬̸ܿ涼ˣһ춼ϵҿ϶ģͻȥ¡
֪֮㰲ȫ
ʱǱ˵֪ٽûˣ֮ǰûȥ￴ʱ˽ȥİҲǧǰһ
㵽ôģϵĿ̺۶һ
֮벽ԿʱǱǣ̵ġ
ʱǱһ㶣˭̵ģ̳㲻ǾϲһȾʲôµһ𣿡
֮ûлش𣬶ʣʲô
ʱǱɽ죬ûԶˣӣĢ֮ǰҸ֡
֮뵽ǸĢ˶٣ǵ̫ˣ׼
ʱǱû뵽֮ȻӦЦһΪֱӲҳء
֮ٳް
ʱǱ֧°ЦеؿСҷʱܸıһ仰ûڿɱǰ˵ˡ
֮£˱ˮһڣ֮ǰģ
ʱǱ°͵밡֮ǰƢرҲˣϲ˵
˵ʱһֱʱǱڵа֪ܵʲôǣͻȻϢسڸӿȥʱǱȻ۽ȴʹ֧°͵Ҳ䣬ڰ֮Ȼɫıˤȥ

ԶЩ
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Ȼͣ½Ų۵ŭȴ˿ӰʣУᱻס
ʱ̧֪üװʶҲңΪҪУ
֮˪
ʱ֪ಽ˭Ҷ˵ֻҪѻʱ߸ĶҾͲˣһֱԸ˵˵ϲҸ㣿
һ䣬֮޿̣Ųһ٣ɤŭʱºһΨһѪ˿ѧϰˡ
ʱ֪æ׷ʣУĸУôȥ
֮壬ȣȥ𣿡


56 
ʱ
꾸, ʱ֪پͣݳǸϣһ·Ϸ¶ޣ·ûüһ, һͻᱻץȥ
սݳǳ, ʱ֪پͿһϤӰֻüҴҺл˵һæ׷ȥ, ֻ׷ߣʧȥ˵Ӱ
ʱ֪ٸ᲻ǿˣ׼, ϴµĹ˵
¹ϴ·ĵݸ, Ǳ˸Сɾ
¹һЩĳʱ֪ƳһۣƼ, űضǴ˼ҵĹӣҼ־СɾˡһŽ, ѹü͡
¹СҾøղλɾ־, 
δ, ͼԱվ˸ݰ׵СɾǾ㵽, ͼСɾЦصλ, ҺǰɾǺ, ոɢ, ֪֪Ķˣ
ݷ׿, ƽʱδû㿡ʰЦСɾСɾһ, ͺ, ԥָ·
ʱ֪˳¹ָ·, ߽ܿһϰϰĳֵ磬ͷβȴûӰΨмǰо»ĹվһԺǰЦ֡
ƽ¥ۼ֮
ʱ֪һ۾ϳʲôطĿιܣûҵİɫӰҲ˲⣬뻻ҡ
ԺſڵļȴЦĵس֣СɾѰˣ
ʱ֪ٽŲһת˹ȥѽ֪λɼҪѰˣ
Сɾ˵Ҫҵ˵ģ֪ûأ
ӱǼƯҪˣֱӺͽô
ѽˣǴѽ
ʱ֪٣ҪȻûмλƯҪǲ󡣡
ﱻÿֱЦҲˣҪҵ˭ʲôģ
ʱ֪٣һӣ£ڣá
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ʱ֪۾һǿɿĸλʧģ
һָָǰһͬǶ
ʱ֪ЦŵлתǱȥ
йҹǸͬλɾǶ
ʱ֪վںͬڣЦһ䣬ճ·վӰİɾǡĿԡ
ʱ֪٣㣿
û뵽ҴһƳҵľҪҵˡ
ɾȴһƬİɫǺˣ
㲻ǵˣ֪ΪʲôɾѾʱ֪ĵĪһ˿ʧ䣬ʧ̫죬˼ܿתĿϣǽʱʱ֪٣ǰԵɽʱ𣿡
ɾÿɷ񣬵£
ʱ֪£ʱܹһǻϲñ䵭ɤЦҲȥֱ⣺ʱģΣҪȥܼ
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˵꣬Ҫƹʱ֪뿪
ʱ֪Ҳ˻סȥ·ҪôʱҪôġ
ɾɤ䣺ÿ
ʱ֪Ҳͷɴչ˫ۣ·˸׵ףá
˽ʱͻȻŮӵĽ̸֮ǰԺſΪʱָ֪·ļǵĽ̸ʱ֪ٵ֪Ǽͬȴ첻Щģһͬ
ʱ֪תͷû¡
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ʱ֪ٲ⣬̧ȴ̫ڵı飬һתʱӦ˹аֻҪҵܵܵ䣬ұ֤ܰƽƽȥô
ɾȪϰɤԺ𣺡ء
ŮӵˣɾɫҲӽ
ʱ֪һһֱſֱҲˣǽһѡ񣬸ʱ䣬ҸĽ䣬ѡĸ
ɾȻûϵôвһ¶־㵡
ߣʱ֪תͷͿȻܵ˾ţôûˣ
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һתǱ㹴ЦһСʯӹǽǹ䣬Ѿ뿪ļʱתͷ
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ʱ֪ٻ˻һʯӣʲôȡشʲô
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ʱָ֪һʯӱ㵽˿УۼһҪ£ɾĿɨʯӱͣڿƲˡ
ʱ֪üִܿǽϿһʯӣҲգһȻ֮ͬǰǿʯһʯҲͣ˰Уû䡣
治ңʱ֪ٲǽˣɤӣڰɾ˲仯ɫЦشһλ㣬ҪҵСɾ
дϤЩҲˣݳǣʿȷ˸࣬ЩֶҲ٣ԷЦôλСɾأ
ʱ֪ڰɾƵ£ЦеؿڣΪѽСɾߣ¼ˡ
˵ʱֱͬĽ磬˵Ӱʱڼǰ
Ϊ׵ǹˣһ㵣ȻЦԭλСɾʶѽǿɵãһūȼɺѽ
ʱ֪ٲ𣬷תͷɾЦʣɺѽ
ɾƳһۣؾλҲơ
λȻЦѣвƵСɾպӿиˡ
ʱ֪ٲ⣺ôиˣ
콿Ц𣬼׷ʣΪǹͷ㻹Сء
ʱ֪ٸ֪ˣǼȴȻСеע鶼תƵ˰ɾϣһЦȻ
ɾҲ
üãɾ
ɾɡ
ʱ֪ٱһԣҲ˿ֵÿɾɫԽԽģ
ȵòˣЦжԼλλкãҺλͬݳΪɽһȵĿɽţٲȥ͸ϲϱˣô
ǼλϷɾҲϷˣЦеطߣ֮ǰǻֵСɾǵѽ~
ƽ󣬰ɾԽԽ죬ʱ֪ಽڵõҪĴ֮ͣ½Ųȣʲôȥ
֮Ƴһۣתߡ
ʱ֪ʶ˼ȻŷӦԼѾõҪϢһתͷ֮෴ķˡ
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ɽڰգǾΪһѧԺ
ҶңĦϣһľ£ΨɽɽҲϿߣ۳ֻҪͨɽĲԣܳΪɽѧ
ʱ֪վɽ£ִüϣżܼɽģ˵ɽĽͽ츳ֻԵôϲģһܰ°ɡ
лվһԣʱ֪٣ôûҪѧʱҲǾ֮ɽҲûð
ʱ֪һûʦأܲ˵㼪黰
лģҵ˵黰˵˵õһȥջȻһɽԣȥĶˣ
ʱ֪飺ͼ黰ʲôϵ˵ǲҼŹ𡣡
лģУˣ˵˵˭
ʱ֪٣ǡٿȻƳһɫӰǣ
лĸ˭ʱ֪Ѿһ̲Ӱ
ʱ֪ٴȺһ¾ҵ˰֮ץסҲȥɽʦ
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֮ץַ󣬵θɣ
ʱ֪Ҳ֪ԼΪʲô׷ԶһŵҾʡ
֮Ҳ𡣡
ʱ֪򴽣һЦ⣬֣ҾͲˡ
֮üĿ֮
£Χ˲ʱתͷ˲˾롣
ʱ֪ٻĥЩ죬ɻʱͱлһ˼Զ
ʲôʱ֪ʡ
лûлش𣬶һ·ѹߵǰ̫֮Ӱ֮ȥ
Уʱ֪Ͷ䣬˼һ۾һ׻֮ӣȫеһİ
лĿ;òŵ㣬֮ɲǺǵģö֣һܹ㣡
ʱ֪ʲô
лĺɿһۣǻ벻ģŽ֣ǾͺãǾ͵ģҪ±׼ץȥʱɩɩ鶥ǹظգٲûӵʹȥҿɾͲˣҵԻᡭ
û˵꣬ͼʱ֪üһ䣬Ǳ˭Ծϲģ˵Ҫ𾪵Ļҵһμ֪ʲôû뵽Ȼǿ̫ˣԺŻѣ˵˳ƬǲǺʹ˵һԾ
лľ˽ţһסʱ֪ٵ죬ǰ¿ʮ飬ȷ֮ûŷ·ٺһʱɣ
ʱٰ֪ǿ֣첻ںֲˣѵǿѹҿҾҪҲһǶ֮֮ȴӴҵĵ⿪ʼ
û뵽֮졣
ʱ֪һҪ£Ȼһֻһλ״ӣѾռˡ
ʱ֪ٻԳΪͨӣκ츳ߣλϧţִ֮£ʱ֪ٷ˼ɵĹŵӡ
֮һ
ɽ嶥ʦ
ʱ֪ٳ֮Ҿʦ֡
֮񣺡ʦܡ
ɵ׷üĿƣº͵ǻһʦһʦ㣬ؾܺദѧϰ
ʱ֪Ӧ£ʦġ
֮ǡ
ɵЦ嶥⻹мɸͯӴȥһ
ʱ֪ע⵽ɵ⻰Ƕ˵õǡ㡱ʣǰסʦأ
ɵ֮ɽһ֡
ʱ֪ٲȥ֮Ŀбӣɫ
һתסԼĸ첲һʤģʦҲסɽɽ̫ˡ
ɵʧЦա
ͯǰ·ʱ֪ٴӰ֮ߵұߣߴߴһ·ҲûõӦйҲˣι֮Ұ
֮񡣡
ʱ֪ٲţΪʲô˵
֮޻˵
ʱ֪٣
ʱ֪Ƶǰһ˫ȴһʢЦ⣬Ҳ峺㲻Ϊʲôϲ㣿
֮Ųһ٣üĿ΢ݣҪ˵
ʱ֪գۣк˵ҾǺϲ㰡
֮һۣתߣ۾Ƶģһʱ֪׷ϣͼӿŲס
ɽͯӽָ֮Ƭָʱ֪ٿһƬǰʦֵ֡
ʱ֪ĿࣺһƬ

Ϸɽðʱ߸ء
֮ȴֻͯӵлͷҲصؾͽ֡
ʱ֪æҪϣһ̣־ͱ֣ײ˱ӡ
ͯӿЦȴֲңֻм򶶶š
ʱ֪̾ЦЦųߡ
ͯŷЦȴʱ֪ٿطʱ̲סʣʱʦ֣ΪҪŰʦסɽѽʦʦ㶼ߴסء
ʱ֪ٻ벻⣺סôʲô
ͯӣΪʵԽߵʦʦסԽѽ
ʱ֪Цˣס棬ʵͲˣ
ͯһ㶣֮ǰȻˣڰʦֺʱʦֶסɽͲˡ
˻ûаȦʱ֪پ;ˣ⻮һƬطҾסɡ
ͯӻ񣺡̫Ƨˡ
֮ѡɽľïܵһƬ֣ʱ֪ѡȴŹڵûеƽԭһȥһƬɫΨһƬССĺмҰȤ
ʦ١
ʱ̧֪һ㣬âһϷϵĹԺУɽˮ԰һһƬǡˮ֮ϣ׷Ծˮ棬ӿ𣬷ɾ
ͯզ࣬λʦֿĴ֮һʱϵĵӣȱʲôʯʯȻҲͲȱ

ڶգʱ֪һ͵ɽ
Ȼ֮ҲС¥ʸ¡
üһЦʦ֣ѽ
֮񣺡硣
ʱ֪ûһʦ𣿡
֮δ
ʱ֪٣ˣҴˡ
ǬһǰСϰȫϱζС
֮΢΢üǶ˶˵ʲôʱ֪һЦֻƲߣѱٹȡ
ʱ֪𾪣ٹȣ£һ֮ٹȣżԶԵҲǴˮɾƣȫʳЩǿӵܱٹȣΪľܷȾ
ʧˣɽ֮ǰȻǰɽûء
ͯӴӵ˳ĿһϣĿһ㵣һŵʦλʦֽȥ
ʱ֪æһӶ䣬ȷûմȾʳζŸڰ֮
ɵеϣ֮󣬱㺬Цָǰţ
ʱ֪ٹԹ£ɵ࿴һۣ漴ЦлҪ˵
ʱ֪ҡҡͷ޻
ЦˣǱδļλʦɡ
ɽ̵бңɴרһţרעҩȣҴؼ崫Уרע壬ЩңӶֻһλʦǰŸʦ߼ʦ
ɽȴˡ
ɽֻѡţ˲ŹֲţɽѧҲʮʦֹ֮Ǹʦѧϰѡγ̸ޣЩγ̵ʦߣʦ
ɽĿγûƣרһҲɶŶޣֻҪܹͨԣȫѧҲǲɣȻѧԽȻҲԽ࣬Сⲻϣһ⣬ͨͿܱɽ
ɵЩʱ֪˵ˣЦԼѡ񡣡
֮ߵһλͷñǰҾԸ뵼Ҽ塣
Цºͣ𣺡ơ
֮ĿᶨһɫȻһµǰͣ£ҾԸ뽣塣
ɨһֽۣ첽⣺ͨԼɡ
֮˰벽һʵĿյϡ
£֮֮˱㽻
ӰʱԶʱһ񣬱ʮУһһ״ѷ֣һʱѷָ£ŽҲܸ֮ܵơߵĺһԾӰʧ߷Χ֮ڣȻȥǵȴԭеĹ켣ٷ
ʱ֪𾢣Ȼһֱţһս͵Ľ֮ϣΣȴδ֮ˡ
ӣл˳ϲҡ
֮˽ӽ߳Ҿʧ񡣡


57 
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֮, ʱ֪ٱ֮ˡ
ɵæÿѮֻÿΣԷֿڿ, ʱ֪ٵѡɵΪɵͬרһŵ˾ҵͳ, Ծ
ʱ֪ȴѡ, ǳɵγ, ʱ壬һ֮֮佫»˸, Ѿпγ, ɽӴ඼˵߼
ʱ֪ٵˮ, ֮ϰ˶
ȥҼϿ, ǽ, ǹһˣӲ, Ȼλɽʦ, ̶ȴ¡
ǰһѮ֮ը, һѮ֮οοס
νǡ
ļᣡʱ֪ſлĵ, ʵ벻ף˵˵ôõ츳ôÿܰըˣ㶼֪, һɽ, ҵʦ־ͻ̽ͷ¿, Ȼ˵ʦܣʵǲ˼ѾԤˡӴδ˱
лһֱĶһ, ϰΪؽӵ, Ȼٻ, ûô㣿
ʱ֪üһ˭
лóһֽֽѹãָָָհ׵ֽ棺˵أ
ʱ֪ĿڰֽϣԺֳ︡һ֣˵֮
лЦ
ʱ֪ʱʲôɨˡ
лüô֮ǰѣ˼ۣ
ʱ֪һִڴأ̾Ϣһ㲻֪Ͻ̸ˡ
лģ˵ʲô
ʱ֪̾˿һֱһԵϣҲ˵
лĵͷǱ㲻˵ɡ
ʱ֪ٷ𣺡Ͳһ䣿
лģ㲻ǲ˵
ʱ֪һţӷأѰġ
лķ±ʣǿȣһ£˵ɡ
ʱ֪𣬡ǡ
ɽһɽ壬ԵҼΪ׵ʻ״Χ壬ɽⱾû֣ǺĵǰɽӴС˳򣬽ڲͬѧƵɽ򣬷ֱǵҼ塢塢塢塣
ÿͷ˽ڿγ̵˾ҵ⣬ſγĳϣһγ̶˾ҵڿΣÿѮҲй̶ڿΪڿΣձˡ
ʱ֪ټ˳ظϵ˿ãǰžһصϿΣҲ㣬ش˽ϵ⣬Ⲣش
һÿ϶λ츳ȰĵӿνʮֱͣӽңʵϵݣҶĺѣҼ·˵˵οɽֻһӣ¶
Ͽʱ֪پڿģʱ֪ԼҲ̵ģܾʱЩʦǿۣѧɣؼҶҪһˣǵʱ򻹻᲻˵Ƿˡ
˴˶ķΧʱ֪ը˸ҡ
ʱˡ
ʱ֪ըѾը˾飬ŷͽٲص޸ˣʮֳϿҵٸһλᡣ
ϸˣٴըˡ
һΣϵΪ˰ס
ΪһƬըǡҵϣǵҼ·һס͸ˡ
Ȼʱ֪ٲаƾٴƭһλᡣ
֪ϵѾñҵǽڻˡ
̧֣Բʱ֪ٵĴλˣʧίʪһ˫۾ߵĹΪ˿ģ㡭治ʺ
ʱ֪ٵͷɤֵ᣺֪ǵһ׷󡣡
⻰һʲô˵ˣһԵĵҼ·ϵҼղŶļŷ棬Լģ
ʱ֪ٵͷ־ͽͳ·ˣȻʪŽϣʦٸһλɣұ֤һΡ
ϲ֤æԣҸղšǿȿȿȿȱǺ˰˵һ߿һؿڣתȥ
ʱ֪õֵĻˣҪ׷ȥ
Ȼ꣬಻ʤһδᵤС׷ϵģһת۾ͲӰ
ʱ֪ſ˼ȥĶ½ϵʱһֱ·ϳˣɷ˵˵ŷ˼·
ʱ֪ٻʱпգ֪ٷϷܳɾһŸһ궼ԼоһµķȻڷִţҲϲģȻûвӦ
·Ϻ۹󣬿ѾӸȤΪ˴飬ֱӵҿһûʲô츳һȷʵ׿硭
û˵꣬СӾʹ
ʱ֪ƽ￴ѱʵƢȴãϤ˶֪ҪǳףֻҪ˵֣û츳
˻һСӱ׼ըë
ȻǰϾɽĳϣĳ˵Ҳʦʱ֪ƽʱ񣬴˿ٲˣҲԶײ
·ϣ֪ɽʦΪıֻл·Ϻˡ
·ˣʱ֪ٵݣӣʱҵӡ
ɣʱ֪ȷʵҪһɽϾʱҺϻʵΪʦ
·˼תһУЦеǳҪˡ
ʱ֪򴽣ǡ
·Ź⻬°͵˳ģҵĲóԸ
ʱ֪۾˲·Ͽзӣ
·ϵͷȻа취ҲôӦһ¡
ʱ֪Ҳ룺ֻҪ·а취ýµӣӡ
·ЦУҼ屨
·ߺ󲻾ãϱ㽫ʱ֪ٽ˹ȥǲԸؼ˼֣Ϊͽ϶ǲˣ㵽Ҳӣպɻ󣬿Ѱҡ
һ仰ʱ֪ٱѾ˵ۡ
ϼѾһ룬ʵҲǲϲʱ֪٣Ͻѧ츳ѻĵӣĸʦĲҪܹôʮ䣬ʵǳŲסôըըȥ
ġϵҼĿγ̷Ϊԡʷֻſȫȼϣһأ֪𣿡
лʱ֪˵꣬Ц
ⲻ·Ϻͽϴ⽫ƭȥҼ嵱𣿡
ʱٰ֪һۣ㵱Ҳ֪
лЦͣȻأЩСôķɣ
ʱ֪һɣס۾޿ϻ˵ΪѾһѮγ̣·ĵӴң֪˭𣿡
л˲䱬һЦżȫ᲻
֪ʱ֪ΪʲôͻȻ˵֮ɨˣôϵĿβӾ̵ģպһԼලİ֮Ȥ
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ʱ֪ٲԸڶ컹Լ
ҼķΧ岻ͬǻͽӣÿҲֵģҼ壬ʱ֪ٴɽߵɽһ·ĵӲ飬ǰȻУɽĵģ߶°ڵĻζѼ
Ÿɽʱ֪پȥˡ
ոô룬ʱ֪پĶת̧ȣʹϤɤʱ֪١
ʱ֪һ٣̧·ȥ鲻Ըת
֮£ѩ׵ںڷ䣬ְϵİɫ趯ڷѩɫ֮䣬ɾú޳
˵֥
ʱ֪һ˲ͻȻ˵һ֮ĳ
ǰһգҴҴӻʳǸϻ˽ꡣ
սţݼֳʹ˿еõʱ뿪ϢʱɫȴȰԵɽ
˵ʱߵġ
Ȼһ·ϤıܺۼɽܵɽûҵʱҪɽʱȴɽµĻʱϵŻѣҹɽ׷׽лѰ
һ̣ʱ֪Ҳ֪ԼʲôŲһתߵķ嶥ȥ
ԽԽʱ֪ȴҲߵĵطˣƫȥԽԽΪԼ·ʱǰȴȻʡ
ǰʯᾣȴһɽվ
ǳʣ¹ϣǲ˶ɫ˫ѩڵϪ涌ɫѱ
Ǻˣ
ɤɰѩɾ
ʱ֪ٿȻ񣬺˰벽ͳԼС˭
Ŀһɨʱ֪ٱС˵ϣ裬ջߣȥ
ʱ֪پؿۣ֪ѰѾˡ
ĺˣɫؼ˵ϵСҪܣº˼䣬ȣ㣬Ա֮
ʱǱģٿ߬תʣ˵ǲҵܵʱ
꣺
ʱ֪֣̯壬ҲҪ壬㽫ҵܻܵҡ
국Ѹ
ʱ֪ٶʱ壬ţ˵ҲҪ
꾲ºһɳ˾𡣡
ҲŲҪҲҲֻҪҵܻܵң
СӣԵʱ򣬴Ҵҹҵڴ׵ܲѹһɽʲôҲûҵĿһȦ˲ɤҲ˿ǻ㻹ʱʲôҪ
ƺûϵ˷Ӧһֱƽɫ˲΢΢ü
ʱ֪ٺһ٣ѹίй˳ĨĨ۾̸УȻһ̧ۣȴѾɽʯϣҷس׹ǹ⣬һ
Ǳꡣվ̯ƽһƬǹ۶ɵɫۣɱֵ֮ι
ʱ֪Ŀģ˫ǿſڣҲҪ
һ̧֣ƬѾҵľ䡣
֮ǣʹΪֹ
ʱ֪¹ھƬʱҵܵܣչҵΣҪı꣬˵ʹΪֹΪֹģ˵ʱ̽է֣ƿ֮ǰ˵ʺ֮ͣȦź⣺ҵܵܽ
δĿ΢峺۵׸ɻ
ΪβҪꡣ
ʱ֪ټ˿ΪΪβ㣿
Ȼ峺ףƽƶ㲻ɱҡ
ʱ֪ٶݺݵؿһۣ˽һ޹»
룬ҪҲᡣ
ʱ֪٣ҵܵʱҡ
꣺֮⡣
ʱ֪üֻҪʱҵܵܣҲҵļˣֻҪ
ɫˣǲˡ
ʱ֪˭˵˾ͶҪˣ˾ͶҪѪԵϵ֮ˣʱһͬ󣬶˵Ǽˡ
ʱºһ壬˼䳤󡣡
ʱ֪򴽣ΪΣ
국ͣºһ볤һͬܳɳȻԶֻͣڴʱģ
˻һʱ֪۵׵Ļ⽥ϨʱʱЩ꣬һֱؼʱģǻΣҲͯӣʱΪޱ仯ģѡһֱڸˮ鿲ȥΪ˱ķʱҡ
ֳȰ˵ʱҲӲı̬ȡʱ֪֪ʱһҲ볤
ҪصܵܣʱһӶͣʱģΪۣԸúóպ
Ȼ룬СȦɺŬȥʣ֮һ𣿡
ĿۿɤЩ֪
ʱ֪ٱǼһᣬ־ǰһĻ˵ꡣ
Ŀһƽ˶ã˵
ʱ֪һйžƬˣͻشһҰġ
ףʡ
ʱ֪ʣ˭סη
꣺ΪЩ
ʱ֪ͷͷǵȻߵʱҲģպҲʱȻҪ㰡νܵ˺ܲ
û˵꣬һƬѩ׳仮Ѿקǹʧǰ

֮˦ߵģʱ֪̲סƳԵһۡ
֮Լ鰸£˾ҵϾ͵á
ʱ֪棬ſʣ治ǵõʱʱԵɽˣ
֮شʱ֪پʹ˴󣺡ι治ǵˣ
֮ͷü΢ҡ
ʱ֪ٵػ˻ëʣ㣬ҵı㡣
֮򴽣ʱ֪ü˶ʱÿε˾ҵˡ
Ρ
֮һ仰ת˻ȥ
ʱ֪һ֧°Ρ
ÿѧԣûһ˾ҵóþԡ
Ӷ׼ʱ֪پ֣˾ҵûд
˾ҵ֪ʱ֪·ʱҪѧһ࣬ҲΪʱ֪ټȻ֪Щξ͸ǰ׼ǵȻ֪в߿γ̣ΪβйʧΪЦ
ʱ֪֪ЩʲôΣϴԸȥʿγ̣ڶֻ޲뿪
һתӲδЦֻǳþЦģδЦǲҲЦ
תͷͼʱ֪Σһ˫һ¶˰˿ѩ׵ݣһӲ˵ԼûЦĪͺܺЦ
м˿ſţûסЦ
˾ҵɫһڣЦʲôЦ
ʱ֪޹գۣûЦ
˾ҵӶʱ֪ΪԼ˳ϳȥʱ˾ҵ˦֮һ׹ףɼһͬ㣡
 ԰ͬ


58 
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һ
¿κ, ·ϣʱ֪ٺŸ裬ڰ֮ԡ
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ʱ֪޹̯֣·㿴ѽ, ôԶأ
ֻ֮Ҫ㲻£Ͳн
ʱ֪ٵͷ, ָұ֤, 㲻˰ɣ
֮һ, ת뿪
ʱ֪ȲݣɸҪʸ
㵽׻ҵ
Ҵ, Բ, ˡ
֪, ´ξԴ׺òã֤㹲ˡ
ʱ֪һ·˵ͣϾ͵ɽˣ֮һԲɼӿŲʦ֣ʦ֣ܲһ£
ʦ֣̫ӵ£֮СףС
֮ٿͣ½Ų㵽Ҫʲô
ʱ֪ҲվҾǾǱϾͬʦֵʦֺʦ֮䡪϶ʦֵҪһЩǲǣ
֮˵
԰֮·͸һеʱ֪Цı齥άֲˣǼǡǶ磬ɽ档
֮Һθɡ
ʱ֪٣ʲô첻ֻڵʷ𣿡
֮ϣ٣
ʱ֪һ˫޹۾˵ϣװûˡ
֮⣿
ʱ֪٣ʱ·˵ÿÿζȥˡ
֮ת޿ܡ
ʱ֪æϣѽʦ֣Ҹһ°ϿرǰɣҲϣ˴ǰɣǲϣԲԣ
֮ͣ½ŲĿʱ֪ϣ·ڿ֪֮д
ʱ֪ƿߣֻҪҴڻ·֪ûϿΣǲһ˫ȥˣҲѧϰˣ
֮Խ˵Խ˫ĬƬ̣ɽѧΪΣ
ʱ֪ٺԥ
֮Ϊβ
ʱ֪֧һ󣬵ҵʦǶҽȥ
֮üΪΣ
һֱڡڽǰըҡ㱬ɽ۵İһ֪۵׵ɻҲʵɻ
ʱ֪ʵɻ񣬷Ƥ̣ըҡ
֮Ҫըֺη
ʱ֪۾һҲΪ
֮ˣձȥ·˵ϵҼĿγ̣רע
ʱ֪٣ֻȥҼϿβȥ԰֮˶٣ϵΪһѮ֮ը˾Ŵңڽǰ
СȻ֮ȴ۵ҲԳһ־㵣ŴΣ
ʱ֪ٵһ֮˵ȴһҲˣҵͨ·ϲܺͽѧϰҷԡʷɼϣȻͲܺͽѧѪ
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ʱ֪٣Ϊڻˡ
֮ΪΣ
ʱ֪٣ΪҲϣҴ㣬ҲϲʷԣҲȥǲ˫Ӯ𣡡
֮һۣתʧǰʧ֮ǰֻµһ䣺ҴӲ˵ѡ
ʱ֪վڽԵ˼֮ҲûõӦֻܳ˸ݷйǡظ
صԼСԺʱ֪پͿѾлġ
лİ壬ÿտγɷƽʱû¾ͻشʱ֪ٵСԺ飬̧۵ϣˡ
ʱ֪ҿ˿ģ
лЦɽϳԲã׼һӲˡ
ʱ֪ٿ첽ȥȻϣڽĲһ
һ۾Ϳ˻Ӻͣɩɩģ
ӣϣ˸߲ҵغãǷҹģԵĲˣԵĵġһóȿ֡õ¶ⶼУ͵ƽȱ졣
ʱ֪ٽӹ䣬ֳ̽أдң
ϣٶ˶٣ͷ
ʱ֪˲̫õԤУ˵ʲô
ϣΩΩФģʱѧգ佾꣬һѧСϻۣһȱһˡ
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ϣվһ߿ǳԷڼ⼸죬˺ͼʱ֮ǰˡ
ʱ֪ٿһ٣˲ʣɩɩң
ϣҡͷ˵Զ˰ԵĲˡ
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ϣٵʵҶЩСӣӻʳǻؽȥ棬һˮ̾أ˵Ҫɽء
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һУɵ㽫ɽƽˣҼ֪΢Ҳͬȥں̨ȴȥա
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ֱ̨Դڴˣɽڰգн绷ƣѰʿҪݷɽϲģֻܽɽɺ׺ƣҲɽƵƲʹ
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ڰϣ͵ֻ轫ʶעƣҪɺ׺ƱԻɽɽһ
ʱ֪٣лʦ֪
֪΢ͷ߰ɡ

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ǲ㡣֪΢̧һˣǲǡ
Ϊ˽ۣһֻСĺͣ½ŲӸµǣôĿǿ֪Ǻˣ


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Ѧ˲ת̬ȡ֪΢ʦ֮ҶԽɱ˷˰գϾϢֻϾͥڣǽʦܾôץȥһЩϲԣԻλѸһʱ䣬ǲºһλһ
֪΢׽Ҫô֣Ҫôɽ
Ѧ˳ɫҲأ
֪΢Ǳһɽ
˫Ȼ֣С类ƹϵ˺棬¥һȻ֪΢ùףֿȭӭȥ
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֪΢ǾҪͬʦΪΪɱˡ
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֪΢Ȼ֪ļˣɽٷֱɡ
ѦЦһǵǿɽֻ֪΢ѣȷҪΪ𣿡
֪΢Ϊֻ鰸ǷǺޣҿǷΧ
˵ţʱ֪ϳƷнԪӤʿܱжѹ
֪΢ҪţԼţ
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ʱ֪ת֮ǰ⣬ͷСղǻǲǰοң
ȴû뵽ɽһ˾ôźͿջתȦͻˣ˵ʧ϶УҲǷֲػǵҲǳһ˲ܿƮɢˡ
֮ܿߣǡ
ʱ֪ЦˣսʲôҪ֮ǰɶ̹̹󷽷дԶĸ֣һ¾Ͳ˼ˣʲô˼Ǻѽ
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δ䣬֮ӿŲһתʧʱ֪ǰ
ʱ֪С
۵ڶڴ֮ǰʱ֪ˮɽ˵۵ῪʼʱǡȹΪء
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Цʦܣϲ㡣
ֶ֪˸ᵤ񡣡
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ֻľǼöףƹ޻ʱ֪ٿ·֪ǧϹףֵơ
֪ЦЦЦŷסԾҾ֪Ӧ
۵ҲЦ⡰ʱʦ˵Ҫ㣬㲷ף˾ҵҵʦߣҲ͵ʵڣͬһˡ
ʱ֪ٽպϿ֪ٶúôţˡ
Цøӿģ֪߰ɣ۵ᶼʼˣ㻹أЩʦʦöҪˡ
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ʱ֪ٵͷǰ۵ѵܿɽţʱȥú÷ŷ磬ʲôʱ䡣
ҡͷÿ۵вٵӴжӦϧλᣬյҼһȥɡ
ʱ֪Ρʦ֣ҸսᵤٶҲԪӤǷŹҰɡ
廹˵֪ѾˣŹɣȻ۵һ͵òŹˡ
ԱЦҡͷҲա
ʱ֪ٳ˿Сʦأ
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֪ΪӦôСЩŶԡ
ʱ˵ңɽ¾ۼ˴ʿЩʿȱʯһ߼ʱϳƷзȻҲˡ
ʱ֪ٵͷҿʱһνңѧǷۡʱС۱ڿնʱ̾Լ֪Լ޷һɾͲʣֻ죬Щ·ղưɴұ㿴ʡ
֪΢ЦЦؾ³ǳɳҲ٣ȤʱȥǶЩǡ
ʱ֪ҲǱǰлʦˣ
֪΢ԴԼʦ㣬лʲô
ϲʱ֪ٴͽжȣλʦܿƲСڣѱʵзִ磬κദʳ߶ȣһҲһǡô˾ദʮԲֻϲʱ֪٣֪ʱ֪йӴǲϲҲû
û˵仰֮Ҳδܾʱ֪ٽӽ
ʱ֪ٲ֪֪ʲôѾ˵ɽʦʦǣǻӻ֣֪ʦ㣬ˡ
֪ͷȥɡ
ʱ֪ٺ֪󣬱ͷ˿ʱ֪ٶһϲϲʦֽᵤȥĶ棿
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һ˸յ̨δüٻԼзͼҲ˼Ҽӡ
ʱ֪Ȼϲߺ͵ʷΣѧüãʱ䳤˽ҲҼϤ໥ʱҲȡ
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ʱջԼСԺ͸оʶҪͻʱδѶлĺʦмλʦͱչˣٳʮպ죬֪ЧѦδá
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ǵҡͷֻ֪֪˽ߣʱʦ֣𣿡
ʱ֪١Ȼץʦ鷳֪΢ʦ㲻ңպ򡣡
ǵӵ֪΢ʦѾܾˣʦ˵ǳȥзֿȭֻƾΪʵȻҲӦ޻˵ˡ˶ٵ֪΢ʦ㵣Ͱʦ鷳Ͱʦ˵һҪӦ
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ʱ֪ҪȥҲ
ɽ۵ʱһֱһʮʮǰ඼ǹżҩֲƷ˺ŻЩʱ֪ûȥһ˳˿ݵ˺С
ǳ˻ʳ֮⣬ÿ߳ǳضڵطͬҲУʱ֪پлĻȥٴΣȻͬطҲݲͬɫϸ΢仯
귱ʱΪʱԼµҩֲɽŨΧݶܵõֲ٣ɽеҩż
ʱ֪ٴżʦʦںйһȦ֪ÿʲôҿ׼ҪֱĿꡣ
һӴϻӣԵͼƷʼԴʯ󣬾ϲغϲ조ʦ֣ôܿô׼Դʯ޷αϣûҿȥҲ֪Ŀã㵽ô
һʦҲϲ̵رԼΪʦֳʱϣƽǲִţҲоϸʱû뵽ʦֲδۣһԩǮû
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ʦݡ֮
ʱ֪üһЦ¶˿ݡһѮһѮ֮ȥ˺У˿ʯͷǿʯͷǱʯסǧʯôһ飬׬ٿ鼫Ʒʯ
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ʦþ̾ѣʱ֪ںｫʯù˲뿪
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ɽϴˣϳʱ֪٣Ц˵ǺһȥұҲһˣʡ紵ŵǡ
ʱ֪ҲЦɽʦֺһ𰡡
ѽҡʦֻû˵꣬ʱ֪پһϤɤʱ֪١
ʱ̧֪ͼ֮ͣʮ֮⡰ʦת㣬飬ѡ飬


61 
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۵һ, ַǰһ׶Ρ
ǰǸ߽ʿͻƸ߾ۣΪ綥ܽΪһʿ˼롣
ʱ֪ǰһֱڶɵ㣬˹ɾЦ˲ǰ, Ҫ˵ѧʲôֻҶ⼸״̬
ɵǶ⼸˹Ծ, ս, ЦеؿӤ˲١
ճʱ֪, оߣЦʦ, ʦѾӤ, ˵øȡˡ
Ӥ𼫴, ʿֻҪ̫, Ŭܽ, ȻҲпһֻͣڽ޷ӤвԺ
;˳֮·, Ψ߲̤ͬ·, Ƿͬ, ñܷӤ, ҲΨԪӤ֮󣬲пܴ
ͬӼڲŻȡһ, ʿҲԪӤ֮, Ųζʽ̤;, պɶ¡
ʱ֪ٶԴ˵ûʲôڴ
ʱѲĸ׵ʱȥ, ױؾ޷, ˾ϣֵȸ׻ȡ, ɣСӣƺȻһ֮ؾȴûл޷ȥ˾˹ʦΪߣ˸Ǳ֣ʱǱ֡
ʱ˾˾ǱԨǺ󣬱ǰΪȡ֣Ϊ֪١
֪٣֮ˡһ𵴣Ǿ˾˼ʹʥּΪӣǻһȷѪꡣ
ٺս󣬾˾ȴΪƽ⳯ҰҲΪ˱òɺ󹬣ȻȨǽǣ˽ȥλҥԽԽʳС֪֪ٶֺ塣
˻ʳͷܣȨ֮Уɽ
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ʱ֪پûĻȡ⻰أ̾˿ʦ֣㻹֪ʲô򣬾˳ȻͽӤˡ
ɵźҡͷѽ⻰ǱȥɾҪüЦĽ˸츳Ѻͽˡ
ʱ֪١˵ҫ𣿡
һЦ˽۵
ձǸܶڵһҲȷʵȻƼ𣬴ԼǰɽץǼӣв˳ֱӴӷĳҫӴᡣ
ƼҼΪ˵Ƽҵ츳˵Ǽͽһﻰ⣬ǽǰΪս֪΢ȴܾ˳Դ֤ɽӲƼҡ
ɵβһػ⣬ƻȥҪһسӡڳ˶֪ƼǼǳرҲ֮ǰʱ֪Ҫ飬ݳ֪ԭƼң˻Ϊһ²һ¡
ȻɵȴˣƼԼڳΪߣ˸Ҷײվ˳Цеؽʱ֪ǰոսӤվȹΪȴӲѹʮŷų˵˳
Ҳǵ㵽ΪֹƼ֪Ѿݣֱӽ⡣
ȻԴʱ䣬ֻʣʱƼұһҶǶɣЧţǼϵҲɽ·ˡ
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ʱ֪ǡʱϵϵƼʵĴ֮λãʱ˿̾ûᡣ
ʱ֪ٵǴӦˬ죬֪΢ʦʱһڱҲʡȥս⡣
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ʱ֪ٵʦģеҩҲл԰
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ʱ֪ٵʱ򣬱ϳʦʦò֪ĶҳһӣŴʱʦ֣쿪ʤ
ʱ֪һ֣ʦʦüԡ
һϵܹҲôˣȻȲϱǶɽӣȻҲ˿䣬˸ʤźȫ
ߵӻ䣬ڿҲļˣһͬսǣҲǿģСǶܹഺЩ˼
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Ҳǵһμʱ֪٣ȴǴСʱֳ֪
ʱ֪һҵӣȻʱ֪ٲͬǣӳ˽ľ˫ӵм츳С֪иʱճӣȴû޷Ȼиþ˾ˣ޷ҲΪ̾Ϳׯ
ʱӹûɣﳤʱ֪ʱϲؿúҪ˷츳
Ȼʱٰ֪ͻȻǡҵõԤԺӱˣҲʱ֪֮ڶ³ɹҲɱ׺游𱸴СҩĶѻ壬Ϊΰſ
տ޳𱸣֪ģȵʱ֪ʮᵤϢ֮ӱӲùˣÿʱÿ̶ڱʱ֪ٱȽϡ
Ȼ֪ΪΣʱ֪ٱȽϣȴǰ㽫ʱҺʱ֪Ϊ֣ÿÿõʱ֪Ϣʱòضʼ䣬ֻǼóŪ˵ʱ֪˭ˣҲġ
֮ǰҪȥ֪΢ԼսʱǲԸȻ뵽ʱ֪ٻҲڵҼȥˣֻû뵽ɻǸղܼ
ʱ֪ٹ֡ɵµʱ֪١
ҽ꣬þûлӦʱ֪üȥͼվʲôҲ˵ͿģžȻмֿ
УҲôԿţ
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ʱ֪΢΢һҾ
ҽϣÿȻվԭأ˿ûҪ˼Ūʱ֪Ѿзöȥˣ֣ǡްɣ
ͷǡ
ʱ֪ټʾûãֱӵǵ޶ʱ򲻶øС㲻ó
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ȻʿΪǽ˭˾ˣĺ͵档
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ָͻȻһźɫ裬ûгԣʱ֪ٽűһأ̼㻯Ϊ߳ģͷƤٳʱ֪ȥ
ʱ֪һŻһΧɻȦ׸߳档
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֮ɫԽԽ䣬ʱ֪˼Сؿһ۰֮һüͷСǲﲻ
£졭
һ仰δ˵֮꣬㸡ۣ͸ʹ֮ɫסգɤߣ
ʱ֪Щǡǲ治С
֮Ѿļˮ


62 1+2

ٲˮļ, һգ۾ͲӰ
ʱ֪ҲȥѭˮѰңСС
ˮˣ, ʱ֪, , ˮõ, Ԧˮͱˮļᡣ
Ҫˮͣ, ȴ䷨, ԼǰˮϵĺԣĽ״һδʧ, Ҳ˲, ֱ˺Ѱҡ
Ϫĺӵʮ峺, Ӵʯ࣬ʱ֪ٿֵŴδζ, ʧȥʶ֪᲻ײ
ʱ֪ٱ, νƽĺԵסߵˮݺ, ⷢһ¡
³ȥ벻֪ԼѾԽԽ, ֱϢдʱͻ, ǰƺ־͹ʱ
ʱ֪ٴ³ȥ, ӳȥ𣬶ÿβôһ㣬ֱһ˿ҪľҲûһ˿½ǡ
ʿѰΪǲҪǿԽΪʹãǻһģʿתкޣò䣬ͬҲϢ
ʱ֪ǰѾʼֻ󣬷·ص꣬ƤͶºˣȴˮǡһĨӰܲ˳

ʱ֪٣
ʱ֪ٿѣ𿴼ʱЩز񣬿òſڣû°ɣ
𣬡ȲˮΪξң
ʱ֪תɵ·ʱҴ֣ȥҪ㡣Ѿˬ·վοңлл㡣
𣺡޹أõл˶٣ʱ֪٣뿪
ʱ֪ټڵ״̬Ҳ֪Ӧûʲôˣߡ˼ת֪ܶˣ¶ĺҪʱں𣿡
ˮδǰૣˣܺá
ʱֵ֪С
ü΢£
ʱ֪ٴȷϣû°ɣ
𣺡¡
ʱ֪ٳ׷ģҽҺʤˡ
ף֪
ʱ֪٣ûȥô֪
𵭵ͱѰʿ㷨пɣ÷ͬΪԪӤʤ㡣
ʱ֪û뵽Լомֲ죺һΪңҲҵЩʽء
ǵǰ;ʦдʱĿбӣֱ뿪
𣺡һһ룬ңδ㡣
ʱ֪٣ϲңúúãߣߣ
ʱѾϼ
ʱ֪̤ԼСԺûߵſڣͼһİӰվڣŲһ٣
תʱ֪ٱŵ죬ŵ㣺֪֡
ʱ֪٣ң
Եշ˿˿Σһս֪ҡ
ʱ֪ˣҰ㸴̣аɣطҲ
㣬мǾл֪ˡ
лʦֵܳʱ֪ٵɣ
ٴ裬ȴǰǿų裬һųɫСĵҩƶҩڻУ˹һϢ
ʱ֪סٴ٣ȴ֪УзȥʪʱΪֲ޷ظ

ʱ֪Ȥżһ㲻˷ֱǰҪ֣ԤϣˣܿĹ
֪֣һ裬㿿ҷǵľ
ʱ֪֪㣬Ҳ֪Ǹ
У乭
֪ʱ֪ٹ˵ãѸٳǰֶ죬γһܵķȦ
ʱ֪ÿһ֧ͬλãһһ£ķȦܿŲȥǰٴζһö죬ողʧķȦٴ׳һҩ裬ҩأ꣬ʱ֪ٷȥ
ʱֱ֪֧ӵȼһƬ꣬ʧֶһҩ裬ʱ֪һһӦԣȴԼЩԡ
̣ιУһζڷûκãеֻҩģЩ裬öĵޣҲֱһҩ趪һſŶǿÿһҩ賤ʲôʲôƵġ
ʱ֪һɿ־òԡ
ΪʲôֺαҪƼƵĶһһչʾ
ʱ֪ýָҲ֪ǵΪҫɳҲ벻ԭˡŵһμ棬ѰֲİҲû̫ҲΪϳƼɱУżôһ⡣
ʱ֪ȥҲûԣǡЩҩܸȤҲһһ
ȵķþʱ֪ٿҲЩǱ
Ķ裬ǰļЩ𣬼ֱ֡
ʱ֪ٸղžͲһŻҩУǿŶ輫СССָСһһһѣǵըֱӴʱ֪ٸ⧲
ָɫζеĶ裬ʱҩ⼸ûתˡ
ƼҵĻģʱ֪ٽСԺΪ٩ЩҩЩ置׹Ҳеһƴˡ
ӹ豭ϸϸһڣʹ۽޵ĸױ置
ʱ֪üʦã
ʱ֪Ѱ㲻õҩа𣿡
ʱ֪٣ʲôаЦһаЩƶĶģʿħޱаɱħ޲Щˣʲôа
û˵˻ŵҲ֪ʲôа
ʱ֪ټʹŵģЦ𣺡ӵģĲ˵а뾭ѵᣬİɡ
̧ײʱ֪ٿص½ëϸҸֳ岮ĸаҲΪҵĸ״Уʮֵġ
ʱ֪٣ǵ㸸ΪȢĸף岮Ϊͬ㸸ĸ׽Ϊ£
ǣǣǣĸײҸ׵ĵһӣǰһλλֳĸֻҡ
ʱ֪û뵽Ƽҵİԣ˶٣ýȢͬĸ㲻ԷƱ
ǳǳЦЦš
ʱ֪ٲƼҼңδϰ
㣺ûС
ʱ֪ٲ⣺ΪΣ
ӵױҪϰǰϵأ˵ңǻʳǺͽͨĻңΪӵܿѧЩȭŹġ
Сԡⷢ죬˵ȥˡ
ôԵѣʱ֪Ҳ˳뵽ղ˵ĸƼҵĴһHװûз֣ȴ⣺㷨УȴҲȫ󷨺ǵ͵ҩһգ㻹Ҫ
̧֪֣𣿡
ʱ֪٣ɵǿԣֻ㲻۵ҪƼ𣿡
ǳǳЦֻʣ¼գһϣѧз
ʱ֪ٴӦʮˬ죺ϰҡ뵽˵пɣβüևNɪĲ˵㼸ѧʽûġ
ҲЦҲһЩл֪֡ƺǵõʱ֪ٵı֤ڷſЩҲǰнˣ֪֣Ҽն뿪ˣҪ⼸£Ҳûϵ
ʱ֪ǰƺֳٲ̼ģʱ֪٣Զ㡣
Цһû¡
ɫǰΪʣ棺ֿ֪뵽ʲôȤˣ
ʱ֪ЦеСʦ֣һͬ˴ˮ̾գҲǴ̼ɡ
ֵ֪ʦ֡˶٣̫ӣ
ʱ֪٣ǡ
ǰҲԶԶλһۣǲýӽ
ʱ֪٣ȷҼýӽһˡ
Це˵ⷬУ֪̫ӹϵܺ𣿡
ʱ֪ġԶ㡱ûסһЦ˳⻰ûãҵͦϵõġ
ΪΣ
ʱ֪٣ʲôΪΣ
֪Ϊϣ̫ӹϵã
ʱ֪һ󣬲ӱǼ⣬ҲǡÿԶЩʱر棿
֪־ϲԵľܾ𣿡
ʱ֪룬ʼСûܾҰɡ
Ц𣺡ˣȷҲʡ
ԣʱ֪ЦЩ𣺡СòֻΪʣѡ
⣺ΪΣ˶٣ǣѣ
ʲôϵʱ֪Ҳܲ⣬Ҽһ۱ãķݣǲǣûκιϵ
һ۾áĬš
ʱ֪ĿԼ䣬ſʶ߿תⷬѹüڳݲĵû˵ʲô
ҡ֪֣˿Ѿˣڸǡ
ʱ֪ٸվ𣺡㡣
á
ߵſڣһվ˵ɫӰ
ʱ֪һϲС
΢΢ףĿ⻮ʱ֪٣ſģģ
ʱ֪ټĵɫʶȥһƬա
ҵġʱ֪ٽӹлл㰡СɩɩԱģһؼŪ˲ʧ䡣
𣺡صл
ʱ֪ٽϸּû𻵣ų׷ģ̧ЦֻǷͨӱ֯˵أһҪԷл
û˵ʱ֪Ҳ⣬ת֣Ҿ㵽
㣬ռ
Զʱ֪ٵ̫ӵ¿Ҫ
ԭˡ
ʱ֪һסˣôҲҪһ°ɣҿɲôСýȥģԺ˭ԡ
𵭵ȷ㷽
ʱ֪٣ѽҲԷƱ˵㲻ýӽЩƢҲЩǻССȥģ治
ߵ졣

ֻʣգһҵʱ֪١
лĽһҲˣ涯Ȥλʦʦˣ
ʱ֪һۣһӾͿţ֣ɡ
л˵֣ȵ㶷ǸƼҵ
ʱ֪ٵ㣬Ҫ˵Ѿ˽ܵλҺѣллġ
лվ𣬺Ҿ/֡
ʱ֪ǻܹˣʱ
ҡûС
ʱ֪룺ұɣֻ㶯Ҫ죬һչѧҪ죬պȥҲԼϵ
мл֪֡
л֪ҾΪʱ֪ٽġʱ֪ٽĿ϶ʲôѶֵԼԺˣ
ʱ֪Ǳӵڣɣ
лĵЦӵȷʮ㣬ôüҾСϲСŷǾޣþ˹ؾɱɱ
ʱ֪ڽЩһסҲĽ£ʮзִ磬˵ģȴлⷬЦŪʧˤ˵ء
û°ɣʱ֪ٷˣ
ֱۣЦЦû£ûվȡ
ʱ֪üҸղŷˣ֣Ҵȥ忴ɡ
ҡЦˣҾǵޣԼͷõҩˣαȥͷʦֵܣ
ǰõҩõĲǳǶ裬ʱ֪һʱᾹͨޱǰҽ£ɴ˵ҩҲƵ˵ҩ衣
ⲻȥЦֲ֪ҪΪҿˤܲסôҲС
ʱ֪ٿһֹЦЦ˵ûǱ
á
һأлҲҵˣʱ֪ϰ츳ҷӦǳСϰضһ
ʱ֪˵Цʱδϰ䣬ֽ֪ңһȥϰһʱټʱֱ֪Ҳҵı仯ˡ
˵ʱ֪Ҳÿϧˣټ⻹һν̵𣬲Щ
ֱҹĻ٣δط.й˳ΪʦȤζ
ҲѾ۵ȫȴֱֱֻվһԣʱ֪Ҿллֽ֪ս̵
ʱ֪ٷסվȣҪҪȥ
۾һ漴֪뵽ʲôâϨ£ҡҡ鷳֪ˣԼȥá
ʱ֪Ҳûǿתȥ˸ľϻӳǻѪɢֲȥԡͰһݾͺˡ
ӹлл֪֡
ʱ֪٣ռ
뿪һֱ￴飬һлĲڿڣûǴĻֳƷžǰҲǼõģɼҲǲ̼ӵϰ䣬ôҲϵӣռҲ޷ϰ䣬Ƽ
ʱ֪Ҳ֪ϵϵһһȴֳ֪ˡ
ʿԿɿССĻֻЩֲҩ㻯⣬Ļʧһ޷
Ҫ׽Ҳûа취ֻҪķȥһΪΪҲҲ޷ͨ㲻ζ
ʱ֪ٲ棺ֳľģ


63 1+2˷󡭡

лĴżϧƷ˵ҲǸ졣
һ˵, κ˶ֻ֪ҩѻΪ洦ԶԼӵҪϸ񣬳ͻʱҪ൤ҩ, ǷΪĵҩ
Ʒϵճ, ܵĽȻϿ
·, տ, ʮʮᵤ, ʮѳɾԪӤ, һϸܼͬ˵һƷ츳ܿõߡ
Ȼþ, Ʒ֪ıżϿһΪ赤ĵ, żϽ赤д񣬺ϰ׶С, ˵һɾת赤ͿԻ׹, 
ƷźôƼҳ, ôĵȻûⵤ, Ȼĳȴһżϣ˹赤ļء
˵, 赤ҪһζֲɽĹȻп޺ĸ, ܵõ˸һŵû˷Ч, ֻҪֱΪûġ
ƷûţŵѾ˵ĺ棬ǡõϳνġǡ֮⣬ƼҶУɴһ¯ԡ
˭Ҳû뵽ö赤Ȼˡ
ƷżţҲҼԵ˼ҩԵ˭ҩ˵ӿߣһԽͻƷԸδΪһγɹ㼺Եһδҩ֮ȷöҩЧá
Ȼ󣬽˸˵ĸס
ϼ֪£һʱҲţȻҩ˽ͻƵϢҲ֪ģΪۼƷŽһöҩιҩˣҩ˵ŵͻ֮ϼʶö赤ļֵ
ƷŽҰѰҴ˵ġǡ
Ȼǡʲô֪˼⣬Ĺͷ޶ûִǣ
ֱһ˽ǵߣ˵һ׻µãΨһİ̫Ӱ֮
Ȼ֮Ĺͷܳģ
˵֮ѪѾʿԪӤΪ屾ѪƤǱҲ͵ܹ˵֮һֻ־Ұ֮Ϊ̫ӣԵ̬ҲƶѰ̬ȣϾѪ֮ܽΪȫ
ƼҼ֪Ҫõ֮Ĺͷ޿ܣҲ·£רעöΪĵҩϡ
һ飬öҩûеȸúƷųһλҩˣƷųɹ϶˷ö赤ǶʱҲΪˣ赤ʿߡ
ֻûȵ˶ö赤̰֮ģһҩƷžˡ
֪⣬Ʒųö赤ĵҩֱڵأ֮󣬱УҲˡ
֮󣬱赤ȫջ֣Ҳʧȥõһ̳ˡ
ʱ֪꣬ɫ壺ǴС
л£С˵ô࣬λ̫ӵ¾Ͷι¶˸Ͱȫעˣ
ʱ֪ٵҪעʲôƷرù
лļĵģҲЦЦҲûô˳赤û£һ£ȷǵùûˡ
ʱ֪һҲûЩ¼ҩʲôǰϵģĶ˵ҵĶ䡣
лȤƷôĶ֪֪ԣ
ҹעƷʲôҺһġʱ֪ƱϣٴһѾƵ¹Ɑ΢䣺ϣٱǴӾģΪĸҩԸϵҩˣȻϷϣٸѪ⣬ƺĳֵҩҩԣϣٺҲҪȥҩˣϣٸֻͬϣһ˻
лϵЦɫ
ϣʱٰ֪꣬ʱҼʱӻĺӡʱʱ֪ٸոʧȥʱڼöԸţлȥˣʱǡʱϣʱ֪ٵԺţϣ֮ʲôҲû˵뿪ˡ
ϣС̵ڽģлĶҲĿ
лļڻʳǣûþ뿪˽꣬ٻʱϣѾ˿ʰЦģҲͽǸʱ飬˿ʱ֪Ҳֻ֪ϣһ˻仰ϣٵ׾ʲô
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Ȼʱ֪ٶûʲôӡ󣬵ӡȴ
Ȼֻգټһոҵʱ䣬ʱ֪Ҳֻ죬ôȴͣ۶޶۶ӷÿÿʱ֪ٶøϢһˣܶͷҧ˵ۡ
ʱ֪ټǸ߻ģСʱҲֳŽһӡģΪ֪ԼϲϰҪԶڼרעˣֻ𾴡
գֱʱѾû֮ǰףתΪϤ
ʱ֪٣´ɽǵ档
ͷպҪݣҲһ𡣡
ʱ֪ЦǱ˵ˡ
ɽ۵ϢһգȻѾǶˣʱ֪ʱ򣬵ҼĲ߿Ѿʼˡ
ʱ֪ٹԹԺ˾ҵǸ˾ҵҲ֪еӻȥͱˣͷˡ
ʱ֪һμ˾ҵ˺˵ºÿζҪ˾ҵ
Ȼһÿ¿κʱ֪ڼλҵʦֿһϢ˷ܾûüϿ
һÿΰʱȻʱ֪һ̶ȥˣֻҸ˷ϲãֻлڣʦʦҲڣúõʦֵҲſΣΨһܹģֻʣǰǸ˶ֱˡ
֮ʱ֪죬СС
֮Ϊ˾ҵǾسһۡ
ʱ֪ٹԾֱ˾ҵתûմīǺ˴֮ıС
˼֮󣬰֮ڻ˾ҵҲٴɨ˹
Ϊ˷ֹѧϿϣɽÿﶼһ󷨣ѧ֮޷ڽҴʱ֪޷Ƴ˾ҵһۣѾתѸ׼ڶ֮д˼ֶ˰֮ϡ
Ȼֽŷ·˳ƮƮؾ䵽˱ŵ˾ҵ
ʱ֪ĵһˣͷһװ·
˾ҵѾֽţֻɷдż֣̿ȥĳԷ
˾ҵĿɨͷ˿дʱ֪٣ڰ֮ϣ׼̿Σ
ʣ˾ҵȴŰ֮ʱ֪һ̿Σȵıһ񶨵Ĵ𰸡
Ȼ֮ȴ:ǡ
˾ҵһ㶣㵵úӶʱ֪Ҳһ𾪡
ǣ˾ҵŵһ:Ҫ̿Σ
֮:Ҫɽһˡ
˾ҵ˿:Ȼ٣̿Ρ
֮:˾ҵʼ٣̿Ρ
˾ҵ:̿Σ
֮һףʱ֪١
ƽ̿ζûô
˾ҵȻҲû뵽֮˵һŵ˼£һ˦䣬ҹȥ󣡽Ҫ
ʱ֪ٵ˵󣬵ֻҪ󷨾뵽˽ڿΣϲվ
Ű֮һ߳ȣס̵Сû뵽Ҳкһ𱻷ʱ򡣡
֮Ƴһۣѵõʦ֣˾ҵȥ󡣡
Ϊץӿһ׵ʦֶʱüĿֻĹâôҲΣ˾ҵɣ
ʱ֪٣ʦô֪ģ
ʦ֣֪˾ҵ֮֡
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˵꣬ȥĺɽһ·ʦֵܣȥĶĻشͬĿ⡣
ʱ֪پЩˣյ֮ߣײµĸ첲СûоǰйŹ֡
֮ûС
ʱ֪٣ûЩʦʦı飿һŹְ
֮ó𣿡
ôһ˵ʱ֪һҲԣȻ˵û˵󷨣ѧԺͷѧôҲ̫ѣҲûʲôµġ
仰һ󣬱ʱ֪ټ˽ȥ
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֮΢΢̧ǰ̣̫
ʱ֪٣Ȼ֪̫
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ʱ֪Ҳ˳Ű֮Ŀ⿴ȥֻΧǵģһ߼ʵľλ÷ϸ΢仯ǵĻתһľƷ
֮һץסֻľдţտɰ
ʱ֪ٴչȥۣһһʺã
֮Ƴһۣߵµ£ǰѾõĹǺͭǮ
ʱ֪پôŰ֮֮ñһհ׵ľд˼֣Ȼ֮ǰľƱŽ⣬ʧˡ
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Ȱ֮شѾˣ󷨾Եģ׼ȥ
֮Ѿӹöľƣ⡣
ʱ֪⣬ƶֻҪ󷨾ͨҵۻʽƽ⣬Ҿˡ
ʱ֪ٺͰ֮֮ǰһƬյأʦһƣͽ֮󷨿ĳ鷿Ҳץҩҩ̣Ϊһϵľƣҩ̷ҩĺӡ
ֻҩ̵ĺӻΧһԲڵԲȦҲϣȫͷűԵߣҲƺԶҲ޷ߵҲ࣬ľϣûоͷ
ʱ֪ٽЩľƴִֿһ飬ֶЩͨ˲ʱʵ⣬ΪӦûЩľת
ϸң˷һ޻
ʱһľڰ֮дֺ󻯳ɽɢɵǼˣ
ֽ֮һ飬߿顣
ʱ֪һ㵣Ѿ߿ˣ
֮Ĳߣûлش
ʱ֪Ȼʱ󷨣Ҳ֪ضֹأСѾߴԣһοܾ֪ˡ
֮ǻѰۣץסһľʱڵûۣ޷ֻܲ⣬˴ν׼ȥȻ֮Ҳȥ
ʱ֪ǾȰ֮Ȼһ˵ô໰Ȼ˵ʲô˵ʲô
֮ûдһдãһǰľûлΪ⣬ǻһɫƣڵϡ
ʱ֪һ۾ƱۣҲ츳һת֪󷨵ɣҲ˿ûбİ취ˣ
е󷨷Ϊࣺɱ󡢷󷨡
ȴκһ֣ǽ˻ءԼ󷨵εȸɵĹ˵ûۣγʱҪิһ㣬Ҫҵ۾Ҫҵ󷨵ɣȻϵʽ˵жֶͿжϡ
ҹͬ˵ƣ֮֮ǰ˵󷨶˰գԴ󣬶ѡѰۻǿ󣬶ǽ󷨵ʻߵȴʱȥ
ʱ֪֪ǹ֮ҲѰˣҾҵ޷ڰ֮ҵȻˣѰ۷ô
̫㿪ʼת֮ϵĽɫ·Ҳǣǰߣ֮ת׿б׾ܽԡ
ʱ֪٣ҾҲᱳģ
һ춼ûеİһӺʱ֪ߵǰˡ׾
ֹһӣʱ֪Դһһ㣬Ҫȥ֮ǰٿѣ۾壺֪٣֮ˣ
һҳ˸Ƿޱؼš
һֱ޶ľǽͻȻ춯ʱ֪˲侫һ̧Ȼӵһľƣдţ
ʱ֪üľýֿûҵ֣֪˭֪֣ʲôʲô˱ûдôûϣ
ֹֹͭǮ϶ȥ
ãӲȴҲЩЧͭǮλ֪Ӧˡ
ÿһεõ㽫д֮󣬾Ȼĵõ˴𰸡
һæдľϣڴؿľƣϣ⡣
Ȼľһ·ѹûһ㣬ǿдּ֮ͽһʧľϵļҲûʧ
ʱ֪ǿľƣϸϸٿһߣһ߿һĥ𡭡ûϣҪʲô𰡣İǮƣ㣬˱ľд𰸣д귢Ǳֿʼ룺ˣСӣ
ȥûһ𰸶ԣʱ֪ƹˤΪǮΪҲΪϲ֮ˣ˭ʲôѵҼ𣿡
һԣ潫дϣһΣɢǰ
ʱ֪һ㶣ʶȥҼдʲôȻľϼѾɢһƬľɫ
ҼҼαɱ˼ɱαǷ֡˼ʱһöľƷֽ̧סʱеһոԺ֮Ҳ֮ͬǰĽһ㣬ɢ
٣עʱľƵĲյ֮Ժ


64 1+2
ʱ֪ٽ⿪öľʱ,ѾǶˡ
ϲŽ⣬߳Ѱ˷ʱʦ,Ȼͳˣ
ʱ֪۵׾ǇNɪ,˻ϸոɢ,Ȼ
ʦЦʦȥģ
ʱ֪һתǱضǺú,˷ѬգҷҶԲͻȻ˼Ȥ
ʦֵͷд˾ܺá
ʱ֪Цеغʦָ棺ˡ
뿪1,ʱ֪ͣظϻ,Ȼδɽɽ֪֪ЦʹӰ˷ˣ
ʱ֪٣ôʦ֪ˣ
ֻ֪,ʦܱ,ɽˣʦ֪ˡ
ʱ֪΢΢ţӰɽɣ
֪ǲӰ,ΪҪɽǽʲô񣿡
ʱ֪٣֮ǰ˵ʦɽȥ³ؾҲϡ
֪룺ԭؾʱϿ,Ƕ첻ɽ,Ǹϲˡ
ʱ֪֮ǰû˵ؾʱ䣬ʦôһ˵,ʧСһȥ
˭֪˵ʦѾɽˣ㲻֪
ʱ֪룺տȷ˵Ҫ١
֪㲻ɽ,ֱȥϿΰɡ
ʱ֪û֮ǰ˸߲Ҿ֪һЦ˲,ʦ֪Ϊɽ涼˰ʦܣ˸
ʱ֪ùһ,򸽽ׯ֮ǰɽʱ;λƫƧؽԶӶ˵˵ǸС䣬ûʲôˡ
ʱ֪벻ϴֻжƫƧ
֪Ц⣺˶ɱˣΪԷʱѾһѮ֮Ҫࡣ˶٣ʱþãò飬¾һ˱ضĺԪӤԷȴ֪ǳ˷ɽҪġ
ʱ֪ٵ˵ͷ֪ʦġ
ɽʱ֪ûнˣֻлġ
ûͣЪֱӸ
ǼһɳӶûʲôˣסջֻҿѡ
ʱ֪ٺлѡ˿Ǽң˶¥˺󣬿ʼСû˵ʮǸСׯϢ
Сϲˣһֵؿʱ֪ٶˣλô
ʱ֪ٺлĶһۣɽӣ¡
˵СɫɻһЩȴѹλˣСһȰ°ˣ䲻֪ΪΣ⼸вʿȥǱߣһɶȥأ֣
лģô˵
Сҿˣд˵Ҵ֮ǰһֻ·Ϊ±ˣˣ˵˿̻̾·ȥ˲Ź˶ˣΣȫˣ
ʱ֪ü˵Ǵ˵֪ʲôµ˼ң
СҡͷС֪֪ɶ˵ţֱҪߡ
лĽŽԪϣЦ֪£Ҫȥһˣ˵ôΣգǿ϶ҪЩϢбԪСǰ׿ǻˣٸββ٣Ϳṩжֵˡ
СĿƲߣлķŹæλˣʲôֻҪС֪ûһ

һҹʱ֪ٺлĸ˶ʮҴ塣
ҴһƬɳ룬˴ЩͺľΧǷɳʮƶ񤡣
ʱ֪ٺлĴתһȦûʬ֮ʲôû֡
лļһʬ壬ȷǰצΪ
ʱ֪٣ɱӦǸ֡һ߻֮ǰÿһʬ壬һߵЩʬ廹ۼ˿ڶ࣬һߣԽЩʬ˿Խ٣඼ˣǼߣһ
лͣ˵ǲûҪɱȫˣǺʲôʱ壿
ʱ֪ҡͷ֪ԺЩ״ٴλطţͻȻһûз֣ЩʬûСŮӶ٣׳˺ˡ
𡭡лϸһ룺ǣ
ٴνׯʬȫһ飬Ȼûзһͯʬ塣
лģ᲻ûкӣ
ʱ֪ҡͷ֮ǰми˹ģضкӡ
лģǲ˵ɱȫˣΪЩӣ
ʱ֪üҪʲô
л벻ͨΪ˳ԣԸEͳ𣿡
ʱ֪ǸEɽأɽʮǧˣ
лɽϴ˾ɽEɽ뻻ط
ʱ֪٣Eţͷţôצӣ
лǣǸEצӷɶȥˣгë٣ô飿
ʱ֪˼⣬ҴǰŴŵ꣬ӶŶʮɳ֣벻Ϊôһط
лʲôò£㶼˵ǰŴŵ꣬˶ᱻ֣ɻ֡
ʱָָ֪һʬ壺ȻΪ˳ˣΪβЩ˳ˣΪСǷʸ˳𡣡
˵䣬ʱ֪ʲôɵС֮ǰ˵ˣʱضԭֻͣΣȻβΣηأ˲¶ԭΣǴǼ㲻ǵʱײŵӴɱ¹ȥ֮ȥŻɽΪβûʱ÷з
л˵Сλìܵ㣬ü᲻ǴвȣıѰûϱ˵꣬ԼԼ԰±ѰҪôͶԶԶأҪôʹӴ˱տڲᣬһʱʧ˵˳ȥϢ÷зܰסﰡ
ʱ֪ٵͷûдΧǨۼӲܶϣǰˣӦþͶˡ
ʱ֪ٻδ䣬лĶһۣ
ҰȥǼҴ񣡡
ʱ֪ٺлĽÿһ¿һ飬һ廧˼гúۼѾưܲӶֻʮˣݴƲ޽ʱ䣬һų
»ϣһҼѯʡ
ɣʶҴˣ
֪ЩҴȥЩ𡣡
֪Ǽģ
Ӳ󣬴ͷβˮŶʱ֪˻ؿջʱ컹
Сǻȵشкλ˿ǻˣյͷɱ⣬ǿһҪ
ʱ֪ٺлöˣСĥĥ䲻ߣʱ֪ٱͳԪ
СҪ֣ʱ֪ٱ㽫Ԫ˻ȥҷ֮ǰ˵Щٳɷֶడ
СԪߣæС
ʱ֪ٵ˵ǴˣҾʣסʱλԭͰΣǴοԭΣҴ
СһãȻɴԾô˵
лĴ˿Ǵԣ꣬ܽԼ֪Ԫǲܸ㣬֮ǰǲ㴫Ϣˡ
Сһû˿ڴӻܷߣǰλˣҪȻǧַʽҲţæǴԣ䶼ôСô˵ûбκһ仰ƭλˣС֪ͷʹȻҡͷҴ峣겻ӴС벻ʲô
ʱ֪ٽԪһţ֮ǰ˵ջѾʮˣڶ࣬ϢضͨһҪ꣬ҪҴϢǾã㽫Ǹ㡣
СĿתؿԪüͷ˼ڤʱ֪ٶ̲ס׼ԶˣСһע˻
ˣС֪ǲλ֪ϢȷҴйأϣλ֮󡭡ҪԪ
ʱ֪ٵͷ˵
СԼʮǰӣ˸ΪòСӣСһ֣ô˵ˣٶСԶԶƹһֻۣչⶼЩСӲûתձȥҴ壬ʱδȢɾǶҴȥˣ֪СļңȻ֪ΪΣʱҴ˴ׯٲ˽ˡ
ʱ֪ü˼֮ǰҴ岢գСȥ֮գ
СͷҴ˵ɳ̲ʼãֻ֮͵üˣˣȥ
ʱ֪ٺлĶһۣлʣ˵Ƕʱ﷢ʲô
СҡͷλСӾûˣʱɾȢλСӣȻȴ˵СӼ޸˴峤ңҴһǿ׳ɾǱˡ
л˼ʮǰòСӡ
ʱ֪ʣ˵Ҵ˰
С룺˵ңһСɾ˹ϻʳȥˣһҵǲֻ֪ȥݳǣƺȥǱЩıӡ
ʱ֪٣֪ҶǼˣ
СͷȥʳǼĿˡ˵ɣǼ˱СӽҴһ֮ߣȥݳǼңǰˣˣá
ʱ֪٣ãͣ
С룺ʮϰɣҲǺʱǿջϻ֧̯ӣ뿪ʱӣŶñģֻǵۣС֡
ʮꡭʱ֪Ħϲ˼Ǻӡ
лļʣ˵ҴﺢӶ಻ࣿ
С֣Ϊ˵ӡҵȷû˵ʲôҴһֱǹ̶඼Щβƥ֮࣬ٻöⲻ֣˼ҺĻ׼ʲôñŰˡ
С˵һ󣬱¥
лģô
ʱ֪٣Ŀǰ˰ȥˣֻǸʮǰСˡ
֮ǰʱ֪ٺлؽһ·ֻ˰ϢҪ飬ֻܴ˲ˡ
лģǲҪػʳǣ
ʱ֪˻ǻȻݳǲðɡ
˾֮Ͼʰ˶ҹݳǡ
ϸ߹ңݳɵƻͨڰŵҹУɫƽ
лĸֻ̾Ȼͬ
ƶҴ壬ʱ֪Ĳܡ
֮ܽǰݲͳһйַΣɲѾãǿУֱʵۣͬʱһλǿƽͳһ˾ݣƽ֮ܡ
Ȼͨ˻վײìܣǰʵ۽ˡЭĸ֮δȫֿ˵ҺɹͬǺƽ˲١
ȻȻСֵ⣬Щ뷱˳ǳؼԶ߳ǳزƶضΣطҴһ̤룬̵Է⣬ʱԽԽƶ񤡣
л֪ʱ֪ʲôʥѾúܺˡ
ʱ֪ٵͷ֪׿ЩӣǶþ
лһЩ̾Ϣʮ꺢Ӷı⡭ȷʲôˡ
ʱ֪٣ȥɡ
˻·ʱ֪ٳݳǱطƽ
ҹƽҪֵòֻһ˸̤ӣ㱻ò毺Χסˣ
λɾΣЩһ⣿
λɾ¥СӸƯ׼ɾ⡣
ɾҿˣ
Χ֮Ůߴ˺Ⱥֱʱ֪ǰ
仨侫£һŰȴ˴ʱ֪ؿڣѽǰ˵ҪҿǵֵȣΣ⸺ĺ
л֮Ԥ֮ʱ֪ελ㣬֮ǰ𣿡
Ůɽ˵ԱλɾѽΡ
ʱ֪ٴβң֮ǰһλɾ
Ůɶ˶٣ƣλɾأ
ʱ֪Цеû
ŮɱһۣȾҪߡ
ʱ֪æ׷ȥ㣬ѽҺʶδ
Ůһۣ绰Сɾ棬±ЩӳȥϽȥɣ
ʱ֪Це̽Ϣ㣬ܸṩϢɽߡ
Ůɣտ׻أԳЦ˼Сɾɵǳ𣿡
ʱ֪ٿڣֵˣ㿴˳ۣʲôʰɣֻҪǲ˵㶼㡣
ʱ֪۾һ֪֪ǰһҴýƽ֪ģ
Ů˵ҴʱȵסЦʣСɾҴ壿ǡʶ


65 ƽ
ƽ
֪Ц֪ɽ,ɽΪ˲һ׮ӣʻ
Ůһתӣʲôйصİӣ
֪ЦŮȷ,Сɾ,ǲ˵Ҳ˵,ҽ㱣֤,ңû˻ҵ˵䡣
лģ˵ã
Ů΢ЦΡ
лĿ֪,֪ǲԸ,Ǳȥˡ
ŮɼתҪߣ˶ţɴѩһ,סȥ·,֪ٵһǸȤģôô,Ҹո˵ˣû˻ǡ
лͳʯ,Ҫ١
֪ٵס,ŮɵǽҪβԸǣ
ŮĿɨлʯƵɾĪǵӪľûʯ˲Ŀڣ˵ЦЦ֪ٵһư,㿴˳ۣҲܽϳԵ,ҵȷʵ֪ģ߰ɡ
л֪,֪һͷ˸ںŮһûеƹӡ
ƽϼ,ôһİСԵͻأ
֪װôô壿
¹£Ůɷ·ɴ֣̬ҡҷȴ˼ʡ
ӯӯЦɤѽ~һЩ㲻ˡ
ԭٰ֪ס궯ѵľɤҲЦ˵δʹ֪Ը֪
ŮɽŲһ٣ȰתͷЦΪͫ˫ɢǲֿϧζȷʵϲѽǡ
δ䣬һ紵Ůȱ紵ϵһȻ׷£ΪһƬƬ֪⳯˷
Ǳһлģܹ꣬ȴûϵϲһ·ˣ̬ѩǶΪʵ壬⹴ƵצӴ֪⳯ץ
Сģ
֪һѽлƵһߣһŷϣҲԾݶ
ŮѾûȣ֮ǰǶҲʧϣһЦǧĵģ
СܵɽҲ꣬ѧгء
֪žȴû칭ǷҲȤһ꣬ûޣ
˭ϺŮ˵ȴżЦû֦Ҳȷ磬ϵСǱַ˼Ƕɲʲôǡףɾˣūһֱأ
֪û˳źŮɵĿüһίһ㻹ĸɾ
ȷ΢ӣתˣôɵ
Ȼһ룬ȴϤɤǱϣ
֪ٿŤͷ㣿
֮һӣס˳֪תͷһ꣬רĵС
֪תͷ͸о˶ɱҲ֪ѾܲѾ˱任λþܿҪһ˵׼ȴû뵽֮һ̧ɻĹ
֪ĵײ죬֮ΪΣûʣŮɣЩίˣ㣬һֱδ֣Ϊȴ
Ů֪ٵĻĿ⾯趢֮ʲôˣ
֮ϣ㲻
Ůȴ·ЦǽЦ֮ǰһζЦôҲٿЦɭɭ㻹Լôɡ
һ䣬ٴȶ棬Ǽƥٴ˳Ȼ֮ǰ֪׺ݲǣδ䵽֮ǰѾһϺƵһ׹ϣһţĻƴ漷ƺΪľ֮ԶЩ
֪ٱһĻˣŮҲǾ쳣ܣǿǡĻû˵ȥ֮ȴˣѪ塣
Ůٿ̧ͷ֣׶άͣ㵽˭
֮Ҳ΢΢üǰ
Ůһ㵣Ǿ̬ȻתΪƣ¶Ȼɱ⣺ΣǶ
˵Ҳˣֱӱ㹥˹
վ֮䵭ɤƺûκιػ⣬ȴ֪λ
֪ٵʣ˱ˣҲˣӿֱۣ֮һ°ͣҶԪӤˣ
֮ƳһۣǼԶ
֪Ҳ֮Ѹ෴򣬶㿪ǵĹ
ﻹͣƱƣСոΪʲôң
֮ҿ㲻Ҫѡ
֪پûҲûһЩֿʼǹһ̲ס죺ȻҲҪɣǸ㻤סһ˧ҪǻκһСӣ׼ͷİˣȻҲСӣҲһ㲻һĶСҵǰɣ
֮Ůɻɵǣëɫ紿ǰѩ͸Żɫ¹ÿһëɢűĽâʵëҲȷʵܹ߱Ϊ׺צӣ˵û㡣
֮ߴˣ֪ͺȦӴ֪ܵٱ˱˵ԽҲ̲ˣ졣
֪һ߿ǣЩôһˣҲſأǾˡ
䣬֮ٿ˾룬Ǽƥ
֪ٱɾ뿴֮սˣ˭־ˣͳױŷȥըüƥǲǰ
㣬ױҾôţһˡ
֮졣
֪ټƥû˶ж˸ȥȻ󷨻δγɣǼƥǱ㻯Ϊ磬ʧ֪ǰ
֪һ㶣ˣ
֮򶷵Ǵôã֮½ǶûϹ⣬ۼ֪ٺǼƥСǵľ벻㵱˼ƥС֮βһ˦㲻Ӱ
һ仰Ĺ򣬺ŮɻɵǾʧˡ
֪һ֮£æ˺ŮʧģһŷǾȻһ
С֪֣ˣۻ׷׷
֮ҲԽΧǽʧ׷ȥ
֪Ҳϣȴ뵽һֱһߵлģתͷ˵ȴлվһˣȻǺŮɣ
лĲϵŵģŽâĹצ
ŮЦСܵܣ߽ոʲôݣͷѣô
֪٣ʦ֡
Ůû뵽֪ٴô죬²ŵʲôݣ
֪룺ʦְǰɽĺ㲻ǻ𣿻ʦ㣬ˣ
ŮɺЦһɤȴת䣺˵ʦ֣ΪֽСأ
֪üһЦеʦֵЩܳƺСĳƺ
Ůٵϴתƺڿ˵Ļʵԡ
֪治ɫЦʵҲǳأһ㲻߳ˣǽ֪ұΣ
Ůĵ˵˵ɡ
֪ͷָָлģ㣬㶼˵Сˣù㣬ҪȽѷٸ㣿
ŮЦһβɤޱȣϲ뱧һôԴ𣿡
֪üʶȴұ׼ҳԴ𣿡
ŮĿµٻһ࣬һȴ峺ͯ˵ǻĶ黰ȴɸɾû˿ǣһɣϧˡ
İתһ˲ŮצлĵƤѪҺȾ죬¹֪࣬ȴ˿ңǽһϾлĲϵѪ
лĿЦһλӣסˡ
Ůɲδüֱеٿϡ
֪ҡҡͷںŮǰ£ʵ㣬ڿ˵˵ʲô𣿡


66 
лĸʱй綾, лڱжأƽʱľѹ³Щû̫⣬һ, ѪҺ˾ͬж
ЦлѪҺ൱ڱ, ±
ȻЦչЦ, 綾ȻӰлЩһֱѰҽⶾ鵤ҩ, лԼҲѡ˵·, ڵĶѾ, ɻԶԷ񾭡
Ůڵأת, ȴ任ζѾˡ
ҧҪɱɱαطϻ
ʱ֪ٽǽûɱ㣬ʻ
ŮЦ䣿
ʱ֪ٵͷ֪ǲǴҴߵ֮һ
Ůɣǡ
ʱ֪ٲÿɷ񣺡ҴЩ, ɱģ
Ůȴ˿ûԥǡ
ʱ֪Ѿµ, ϣЩ죺ΪΣ
ŮЦɱҪ𣿡
ʱ֪һֱɵɫ΢΢Ե޹ΪΡ
Ů῿ǽ, ЦӯӯشСɾ, 𣿡
ʱ֪٣Ȼԡ
Ůɵͷûʹɣ
ʱ֪üôܡδ䣬ȻŮСʱȻɱ, ΢٣Ϊǰ
ڻʳǺͽ, ʶݳ޵ģ, Ժڰͻɫشһ֪
ǻɫشҰһࡣ
ˡһֱ, 䳣Ħ, ȴҲǰ˲, ǰ֮伸˼֮ɱһĵزµİżʵ΢Ѫͼ
ԣزۣ䵱˸ūͬȽס
Ȼڰǰ״Ҫ࣬壬ǱżĴڣʱ֪СʱһֻڽñӳˣӼ
뵽⣬ʱ֪ټµǰλŮ¾Ҵԭ
˭ϣʱ֪ʺ󣬺ŮɷЦΪǰסӣЦᶼ˳һͣһָʱ֪ٵ°ͣڿɲǰСɾǡء
ʱ֪ûɺŮɹ°ͣʵǽαأ
ȻŰ֮жϣȻ֮˵ǰŮǰǰ
ŮЦӯӯӰһһ룬һˣˣ
ʱ֪ãһ˲һ㵵á
ܴŮҡҡָǽŶҳˡ
˵仰ʱŮЦݣ۵׺ͱ¹ҰףȴҲ̡
ʱ֪ٲţǳһֻܻΪ㲻ôˡ
ŮΪͬصͷȻԣýһЩӣҪǣһĸͬãɱ˶ǲеء
ʱ֪ͻȻ׼۵⻹Ǻ⣬˵ͼһˣԼƥСǡ
Ǽֻʱ֪ٺȰ֮ĵڵϴתСǡ
֮ԺŮɵױ⿪
Ůֱ֮û´̫Ӱɣ˵ţٿس֮ȥצ֡
֮ɱܿĹ
ʱ֪ٲ⣺ղŶ򲻹ⶼܶˣαأ
Ůˤڵأ޷ɢ䣬Ҳմ˻ҳҲЦˣʱ֪ٵҪˣһѲԿѽ
ʱ֪ٹ֣þ򣡡
֮ƳһۣŮɣν䣿
ʱ֪ҲʣΪʲôҪɱҴˣ
Ůɿ˿ǣҪȻش˭أ
ʱ֪ٱ֮쬵ģڰ벽ȸǼֻСǽɡ
Ůɱ˫ۣΪʲôҪɱ˰˵ˡ
ʱ֪գգۣת֮һ޹
Ůɵʮǰҵġ˵ĸװɣһСӡ
̰ͼĸòֺĸΪ˸ӻĸ׵ڵȻϼң˭;ʱȴƹɱˣƹҴˣɱ˱Ҳǿĸף㽫ĸ°Ҵ塣
ĸ׳׵ģĸױȥڵȴǺ޷֮ĳԲɱҪƹ񣬿ɱƹȴûӳǼʮɳĮҴץ˻ȥ
ץһˣǶҪĸף˭ҲԸã֮ĸױҴ˹ͬӡ
Ȼ󣬿Ц鷢ˡŮɳԳЦ:㲻²¿
ûش𣬺ŮɼЦǰĸײԸЩۣ㽫ԼΪԭΣҸղȫȫΡһƥǰЩ˾ȻҲµȥ֣
ŮЦЦţɤƽؼǼĸ׺Ȼ˺ӣҵĽ㣬֪ΪлΪ̣޷άԭΣǻΪ˰˰ģ֮󣬴еˣ㶼Զĸˡ
Һͽĸ׵ĵһ̥ӣ֮ж̥̥̥ϣмģʱǰͣǱܱߣİǱūˡ
һĵϷ˽Ӽ£ô´²ȻϣǱҲΪ˴˵ġ
Ůû˵ȥʱ֪ȴ˼
˫ܳȭͷҧһȺ
Ůɲʱ֪٣㲻壬㲻£ҵѡ
ʱ֪ٷӦŮɼĸױˣʵ֮ǰѾˣ֮ǰһ첻֪Ϊȴ˹Լ˳ǿóȥ
˵ĵһ̥ӣ̳ڵ֮ΪǡЦˣ֮ǰΨһ£Ƿı
ǱҴ塣
Ӧˣ˵ûнڵǣҲҪɱ˵ġЩˡͲˣǶЩĶѽҾͬɱƵɱǡ
ʵտʼǻ֪ô֣һצһһצһ֮ͻȻ뵽ⲻͺɽϴҰһɱôɱЩĶҲһѽ˵ţЦǲ֪ʱʵǸأЩ˵ɱڮˡ
˵Ц˫ۣһ㣬ڳʪĵϡ
Сþû졣
ʱ֪ٲ֪˵ʲôڻʹҲھ˾˿£ʶŮɾЩȣ˵Լ
֮ŵҴ塭أ
ŮۣЦЦˡ
ʱ֪٣ûڴӵʬ塣
ŮЦˣɱģز۵ʤҰǸŮˣҲĸףֻҪĺӿᱻɱҲ֪õʲôʽֻдѪİǲɡ
ʱ֪٣ȫɱˣ
Ůɵͷȫɱˡ
лĵɱһ֮˲ᾯ𣿡
Ůʣʲôǰɱ˱ɱˣƫĺӱȰҪ󣬴ﵽбĴĺӣֻǲ֪ʲôԭûһܻꡣ
֮ǰѪ츳Ѫ䡣
ʱ֪ٺ棺𣿡
ȼȫѪҺ䣬Ϊʹ࣬ޣаá


67 

Ůɣϧˡ˵Ťͷʱ֪٣֪,??ֱɱһҪҴʣ
ʱ֪鸴ӣֻӵ˵󲻹ҹܡ
Ů֣ϧˡ
ʱ֪٣ϧʲ
ɱңҵûͷŲҰ׵¹⣺òɾ,??Ҳɾ,??ʱǸɾ˶˽,??Ȫ·Ͳˡ
ʱ֪һԲ,??ʩ˸෨ɣڸɾˡ
ŮβЦ⣺лл㡣
ʱ̧֪,??˶,??̧Ůɣ𣿡
ŮɶͷЦ˭ҡ
ʱ֪޷쵽󣬡߰ɡ
лͷ,??ʱ֪תͷ֮һ𣿡
֮俴һ,??˵ϼֻ̣˦롣
ʱ֪죺ʲ֮ܿԺ,??ԺŮɣ㣬ϰɡ
ŮȤؿ۰֮뿪ķ,??ջ߶ʱ֪٣˭𣿡
ʱ֪ûʲ
Ůû,??̤ϷۣһЦн,??ҽаģİ,??ġ
*
ɽ
ʱ֪ٵһνĲлİĴ֮Ѿ,??ʾᵽ˽
Ϊֻɳʦʦ㣬ȴû滹ˣʱ֪ĿɨϤ,??壺ʦ֣ˣ
ܵͬʦ£ողŽ
ʱ֪Ȼ۹ƫİģǣվһԡ
ɳ֪٣˵˵
ʱ֪ٸվֻߵм䣬͹۵ʮǰ屻о˵һ顣
˵꣬ɳʰģв䣿
ģûС
ɳʮԭȴҲﲻˡҵɱΪʮڳҪ⣿
ģûС
ʱ֪ٽŲŲŲ崫
ɳ룬Ȼɽҵȴûгʹʸ񣬾γʹȴź干ͬȶв
̧ͷûС
ʱ֪ٸ˿һԵֻȴвͬ
ɳ˵
Ƴ۰ģҲɱкԭɱʮˣˡͶĦоǱǰ֪ǻ᲻
ɳƽָ̡ͣ
˵ģͲôҲȴҲֻֻͬ˶ۡĳǧֻ꣬˵ȴûɱ˵η飬˹أ
Բӡʱ֪ٺ˾ľ棬ǰ
벽ȼǴһ㣬ʦδ԰飬˵ðĳ˵ĲϹأʦԲǹȫ֡ˡĦһǷѰ˳ǳأܸö˵ǰĸȷʵѪǣһĸ׶𣬴ʱѲ干ͬ𣿡
壿ЦҲ˵岻ϣ飬ǹʮ
ʱ֪٣ʮιԣӦðˡ
ƣָʱ֪٣ӣм̳дͳ֮첲ƫ壡ۣܰⷬ񲻺ģ
ʱ֪٣ֻ֪Ǿ£ĪҪתƻ⣬֪ţǵĿ龭֮ҲΪ֪ٸ첲ա
ʱ֪ټ룬תͷɳͽ̵ܽúð
ɳЦ֪ףʦʦ㽾ˣĪҪ֡
ףǲأ䣺˵Ҳɽĳ˵Լˣһɱʮ˻ţʱɱǹҿɡ
˵գʱ֪٣Ϸ˵ҲĳһѣʱǱӣʱϵӣݷͬһ㣬ء
ʱ֪ٵл̻塣
ջߣʧڲ֮ڣһͬʧģ
ȻֻˣȴͻȻˣɳָָָʱ֪ѽαԶײ
ʱ֪ٵͷ֪ˡ
ɳûղŵҲǻҺƽעԣˡл⣬Ҫۡ
ʱ֪֪ɳΪãɣ֪ˡ
ɳ֪ûֻҡͷ⿴ڵϵİģλĹӣһ˰ɽʦһˡ
ʱ֪ٵͷӰƫߵòˣˡɽû㲻û¡
ҡͷҪҲ£㣬ȻΪҶײ켣ƽȴҲ˵رԺСġ
ʱ֪ʧЦ㶼ѱ˻Сġ
ҲЦˣҶһˣһҲ£еϧ
ʱ֪֮ǰ˵ϧЦʣϧûʶң
Ц٣ϧɾִԣūȴ
ʱ֪Цˣ˵ͼſһˣ۾һС
֮һۣת롣
ʱ֪վ𣺡һȻиһСͯӦûסĵطˣ
˵㼱Ҵҵ׷ˣ֮ûԶ߼ߣСãʦ
֮ұġ
ʱ֪٣ʦҲҹ
֮ͣŲתͷ»ء
ʱ֪٣

֮Ƴһ̧ۣ뿪
ʱ֪Ѹ֮Ժ׷ϣС֮ǰû֪Һ˵˵
֪֮
ʱ֪Ŷһ˭˰
֮𣬴һҾʦ𡣡
ʱ֪ҲͣŲҾʦ𡣡
ɳͷɡ
С¥ɳʰ֮֮֮󣿡
֮ʱ֪ͨһ壬鳤޲ᵽ
ɳͷֿʱ֪٣׼Σ㣿
ʱ֪٣ΣȻ֪ͨء
ɳҲáʣؼ
ʱ֪һתõɽԽӵĻ͵ˡ
ɳ￴С˼ʧЦ֮ͬһĪҪʱ䡣
ʱ֪ٵͷᵢʱ䣡
ɳǱ㷢ɡ
ʱ֪վ𣬰֮ӽв߿κʷΣ޷ʦͬ
ɳˣǱþͬɡ
ֻҪɽʱ֪޲ұдʦ֡
ɳ֣ɡ
С¥ʱ֪׷ϰ֮СΪβͬ
֮Ųһ٣ɤΪҪͬ
ʱ֪٣ɽð
䣬֮ʧǰ
˵Ī


68 ץ
ץ
ĵûѸٶƽ, 峤Ķͬо
ƫĲʱ֪һЦ, 촽˶, ¾
˵лл
*
ôлʱ֪ǰ˻֣ĵ£
ʱ֪ҡͷ, ȥôˡ
¾Ѿȥһ, ʱ֪ɳʱЩле, ȴֵѹ, ֱ˿̲ʳڡ
ϸ۲ʱ֪ɫȷʵûб֮⣬ʲôͷ˵Ļ
¾, Ҳڳ, ʱ˭Ҳû뵽һ˲֮, Ȼ㵣ȴҲû̫ĵô
Ψնʾ, ﵹǱ, Ҫ˵ʬӦҲƽϢԹ
ʱ֪ٳץס, һӱ˰ĵʬ壬ҩɱЩ, ǷҲýЩܴҲƽϢԹ
ɫһڣЩҩ˶ԸΪҩԹ
ʱ֪ĿȻЩҲӦã̸ֺƽϢԹ
ںԣָʱ֪ٵıǼ, ŭɶɿǺδкˣⷬ˵ѵ֪ʱѾƫ𣡡
ʱ֪ñ˳ʱʱϻ߻, ȼ⣺˵Ļֻԣαʱ
Цһˣʱ֮ǰֻʱǴʱǱ尵й˰ɣ
ʱ֪ٿȭͷҪͱɵϣ֪٣
һǻŭֻܱͷʦ𡣡
ɵ֪ף˵£Ҫ֡
ƤЦЦĸҹ֣λܵݿֵܹġ
˵˦ȥɢ
ʱ֪ٴճ̫ˣͷǣǿᣬҲǻ£ֳ֪ȥҪѵ
лͬļ򣺡ǻǴȥˣм˻ᵱ棿˰ٴûʲô¶
ʱ֪һ֪뵽ʲô
лǰ˻֣ʲôأ
ʱ֪٣ĵ顣
л˵û𣿡
ʱ֪ҡͷɫǰĵ
¾֮⣬ʱ֪ȴûлǰ㱯ˡΪЩӦãȴҲ֪飬ټϰ־ѹźȴṢڻ
˼ǣ˰֮⣬İġ
ûʱ峤԰ĺ飬ޱΨһʵһ䣬ҲʮǰǱ°ȥİ
пڰ̬Ҳˡ
صֺֹĴŮԵĴ
ʱ֪ټǵãʱɩɩΪŬ
ɩɩ˵ŮϿǵͨˣһҲ̰ˣΨ̤;ɡ
ʱ֪ٽ⣺ɩɩǼ޸ֳɩɩ𣿡
ɩɩЦԴûɩɩֳܼˣңѡѡֳޡɩɩҲǵѽ
ʱ¶ⷬ
Щ˸ĸ֮ý֮ԣûѡˣƺһЩֱ˿ֱ̣۵ĵŮĲ̡
ĵĸײȴ³ңǱȰĸ׺ͰĸЩŮأڿĽʲô
ʱ֪ٵĻлĳĬһ󣬵Ụ̊˺ǵЩδ̻ԽĿʶĴҰ֮Խ׷¶УʥжѾúܺˣɾ̫󣬽̻ҲһյĹܼλܸı״
лͬ˼Ĳͬһ£ʱ֪ҡҡͷļλֻҪǿ֮޷Щ飬ûǿ֮ȴǼġ
лļ򣬰οҲһ㿴ɽиɣΪȴӻὫ޺Ů޵̫˵˶ˣʱĵҲԽˡ˵ţˣտѵõĿɽգүҲôˣȥŷŷ¡
ʱ֪ЦЦߡ
ɽ¹һȦ㿪ˡ
ʱ֪ÿɽЩʦʦ֪ɽ˱ͨͨԺ⣬һߴߴΧ
ɽ¹һȦʱ֪öˣôΧţɻЩӦ˳ȥû뵽ߵ;³Եĵͯˡ
֪֪΢ʦ֮ʱ֪ɶغ˸һԲ뿪
ڶգ̿ʱȻ֮ˡ
֮ȥ
ʱٰ֪ļƣбץץȥϿΣ
֮һ̧ѩģʱ֪Ҳһץ𾡻ȥ
䵽ʵ칭һźĽֱƱǼ⡣
ʱ֪ͷþסУЦÿѽ
֮ȥ
ʱ֪üأ
֮Ŀ΢䣬һգһֵ̣Ĳߡ
ʱ֪֪֮ãҲĽ⻹ǵһ
ûκκÿĻƣһһ̣ø޷׽ֻȻɱ⼤һƬս
ʱ֪ٵ£Ц
֮˽˵ץ㡭
û˵꣬ʱ֪ٱѾһһϣץ農Ц˵ץסźȥղֻýŲûץס
˵˹ΪѸ٣빭üһʶѩˣҲʶʶľ
ֻδ˵ڣʱ֪پĵδԣоµ֦˶ȻƬҶɷƮƮģȴֱӽһԪӤʿ֦ϴȥ
ʱ֪ټʹƣ˸źôûˤɹʺ
ϵҲһ棺ǵѻܿ
֮𣬷ʣǷץס
ʱ֪ٸ𣬺ȻһתˣץûǱץҶѴʲô㣡
֮ٴν̵ѷڴ£ʱ֪һæץʲô˼Ǵģһ֮ڣֻҪץ˱Ӧһ£ûץҲӦǵѸô
֮ߵ£Ĭһ𣺡á
ʱ֪û뵽֮ȻĻӦоϲ֪Ҫ֮ԻѸ̫ÿˣˮͷõĵƳɣ͸ɢ
뿴ɷܸܵ
ʱ֪һţһ޶־Ųĺ󳷡
Ȼ󳷵ĽŸδأٴһµĻݷ˳һ㣬Ӧ㽫Ƶ˰֮ǰ
֮ѣֶס󣬡ץˡ


69 ʱ
ʱ
ůѪҺ, ȫ࣬
Ȼ, ʱ֪ΪԼҵķӦãȻ˲, ʶ̧ͣҡĿ, ոƽϢٴμ, ߵͻȻˣ˹ǲ󷨻, ôеȰ
֮Ŀ΢΢ĺỮû
ʱ֪٣ûôôȣ
֮Ҷ, ѵϿΡ
ʱ֪֣ԹԼǲ֮ǰԴ˵ҩĺ˼˲ȫ׿ˣֻʣּۻۣѵѸҡ
֮˵ץסȥϿΡ
ʱ֪٣˵Ҫ󡪡Ű֮޲ı, 𣺡ѵҪȥϿΣ㲻Ҫѽҿʱ֪٣
֮ڡ
ʱ֪٣ģڰ֮Ŀ, ¼תҼķ, ߱߱ƱƣɰϿΣֱҸ绹Ȥ, ҸôϲȵҵȤϲ, ץң㻹ܲеϲˣѧѧ, ϲĶͶȥˣù㷺ܽѹ㷺
֮ɤ󴫣, ˣ
ʱ֪ٲʲôʱˣ
֮ѾԽ, ǰ棬Իġ
ʱ֪ţǰˣֻ۾ˣʶʱ𲻹գÿ㶼ڣ˵ʲôʱˣ
֮ջߣɤ㵱ûаɡ
ʱ֪ԩ, ׷ʲô͵ûУұûУ˵ɵԺ̸޵ģҪԺû˼޸Ҿ㸺𡣡
˵䣬֮Ѿƿ˿ҵģͷصԼλϡ
ʱ֪ٶϵʷ˾ҵĿ⣬˽ȥҼǳֹţҪû˸Ҽ޸ˣҵ˵㹴ˡ
ʷ˾ҵŭʱ֪٣ȥ
ʱ֪ƨɸհϣԵվϲЦտգ
վסʷ˾ҵָָߣվҪҼˣȥ·϶췣
ʱ֪٣
*
ɽ£ʱ֪ԪӤԲʱѹء
ճأʱ֪پͼ˵ڿڵлĺϣ١
л飬ô²ˣ
ʱ֪ٹߵǰ˱ȣαģ㻹ܳ
лİۣϣ٣ǼСͯϢˡ
ϣȲʱ֪ٹϵϲˣ
ʱ֪㶣پǿϲģ
ϣϲЦտȻģѾأ֮ǰҾɽˣʱϢ
ʱ֪ٳϣߣ
лģң
ǰʱ֪پͿɽˣֻ⼸ʱڸؾٻؽ꣬γȥˣ˳ȥʳǾ˾ˣȴû뵽ĺϢ
·̣ʱ֪ٱɽ˽ꡣ
δ£㲽£˲ֱͨ䵽ʱԺ䣬վסǺˣôĵҴʱϸۡ
ʱ֪ٽŲ٣תͷýˣüЦԾţ಻Ͳʶˣ
Ծ㶣̧֣ǣ
ʱ֪εļʸЦеҺСʮˡ
Ծüͷ壺ʮ
ڰ괹ͷɥ˳ʱ֪ٻ죺˱˵
ԾŸʳ˹ȥÿζ㣡ԼϢָûûСҵô㣡
ʮæ㵽ʱ֪󣺡ң
ʱ֪ЦеԾ˵ûÿγ۾ɨˣ÷
ʮͷС˵γؾԪӤԲˣҲŸոսᵤȻܼҡ
Ծž𽣣㻹ҺͶ죡
ʱ֪ԴҽڵʱҴƤ²غúõģ
ʮ˵ͻȻԴ
ʱ֪תͷƳۣۣ磡
ʱͷɩɩڵ㣬߰ɡ
ɩɩô첽ʱֹסʣ𣿳ԵĶ𣿸Ҫɩɩ˵̥ܵġ
Դ֪޻УʱϵЦû¹ʱŵܻܵؼңβüҵЦû¹˵
ʱֵ֪ҵȻʦȥţڼǣɩɩٻɽ
ʱԽŲ٣ϵЦ΢΢Щ˵Ƶ֮£
ʱ֪ͣ£ʲôʱ򣿡
ʱ죬δڣͼȴּ׵ʻƼŴɢ֦ȹŮɣŮɤЦķ紵֪١
ʱ֪۾ʱֳ첽ߵǰɩɩ
ֱۣЦˡ
ʱ֪˲ʱȼ磺Һֳǲǲˣ
ЦӯӯҡͷֳЩ
ʱߵߣסʱ֪ٵңٳɡ
ʱ֪ѾԪӤԲٹþͻƷڣʱҾͺΪˡ
ʱţЦе˵ɡ
ĸ첲ʱ֪ٵֳ˰ɣȥԷ
ʱ֪ٵͷɩɩ߳Ȼʲôתͷʱղ˵ʲô
ʱ˷˵
ʱʱ֪ٽе鷿ǰ˾˽ӵ߱˵ɽ˻֣ɽ¼ȫգ԰ߣʱֻΪѰ֣ȥɣȻûձ˵nѡ֣վ˾ţ˼˱Aˡ
ʱ֪ٱɵɫ𣺡бA
ʱףǳòȡ
nǴ˵г˵ޣֱ֣AǴ˵лҴѵޣǰԤζԤʾ췴
ʱ֪ٲ⣺ûɰ˾ȴƽ⣬ֳ˵գ֮ǰû鰡ո㣬췴
ʱֻ̾ԤףֻģԤײӦ񰡡
ʱ֪پʲô˼
ʱҡͷϵ£ȻѾ;ͲҪܣ˵ϣȥɽ·򶫣ûʲô󡣡
ʱ֪٣ձ̡
ʱżѾ˹ȥڼҶϢߡ
ʱ֪Щʧ䣺ֲȥ˾ˡ
γرڽ϶ʱ䣬ʱȥʳ˾ˣգû뵽²Ը
ʱ䣬Сʱͷæ֮ȥ˻ʳǰɣ˾˺㡣
ʱ̧֪˾ô
Եʱʱֵ֪ܵʢƽĸĸͬ˫̥ãȻͬʢƽĿСಡ޷ôֱ󷨺͵ҩŲתֻã¶ʮĵļ¡
ʱ֪ٸǵǣ⼸ȥ˺õֲ鵤ͻػʳǣ˾˴ʱʵĴ壬ֻǾ˾ÿض˵ܺ
ֳֻܴߵ׼ȷϢˡ
ֳشܺãʱ֪ٴ˿ֻΪϰߣȴûϵʱҡҡͷ̫á


70 

ʱ֪ٴ鷿ʱ,ҹѾˡ
ϣһֱ⣬ĽŲӣɽͬˡ
ʱ֪,ͬ˭
ϣ٣ʦ־,һ,ƺ͡
ʱ֪ٽŲһ,ģ˿ͷ𣿡
ϣ٣¶źˣǶ,ƺмҪ
ʱֳ֪ո˵,ӿ˽Ų
˲豭̧,ʱ֪ٽ,һЦ֪١
ʱ֪ٽʦ֣ʣǶߵ£
΢ȣ֪ˣ
ʱ֪٣ֳͬ˵,𣿡
ɫ΢ˣƵ,ֹֺ,޽˳֮УԻ,ʦӵ˾ŶŵȣʦѸٸȥ
ʱ֪ٱҲЩȥ,ԣʰ¶ֳɩɩ˵һ,Ͼͳ
Ըϣټ䣬תȥ˼ͻȻ뵽ʲ,תʣʦ֣Сȥ𣿡
壺ʦҲˣ˵ֹݳ£Ҳ󡣡
ʱ֪ٲٶʣ첽ȥ

鷿ĵƻţʱ֪ߺ󲻾ãͽˡ
ʱ֪ٲڣʣأֵ˵Ҫҹģ
ʱס˵˾˾˵£ﵣǣҲãұȻȥˡ
ڽ£Եǵ˵ʥжˣ
ֻ˵岻̫ãû˵ʱһ£˱裬һڣɤͳ˿̶߲ȣɱ͵ǹڶ࣬˵档
ʱĲ豭ͬɲСˣӦ֪ʥһղһգʥ䲻˵Ҷ֪ʥжȥ˵ƲȣƵ浽ֻ**δ֪ɶ֪һرһΣա
ʱҲ֪Ƣԣ֪ʥжȻҪȥʳǲģٴ̤ʳǣ֮Убˣҡ˾Ҳ˼
򴽣Ĭãץסɷ󣺡ƼǱ̸̸ܷ񵤡
϶ҵƼ֮ƣ񵤿ԽٶƼ񵤵ȴܹ֮ƼƷҲΨƼˡ
ʱףֻˡ
䣬ʱü΢ߵſڣţʱ̧֪֡
ˣ
ʱ֪ٽ˵ظһ飺ҾҪˡ
ʱʱ֪ٵһɩɩڳղãֻڴˡ
ʱ֪Цһɩɩһҹ
תȥ˳ٻʱ˸䣬ʱ֪ٵ涼Щ㰮Ե죬籸ˣϣٴȥɽġ
ʱ֪ٽӹ䣬ллɩɩ
ֵ̧֡
ʱ֪ϰεֱ̧ۣа
ȡʱ֪ѾЩɫһɫ޵ϵԭλã˭粻Ǳƽġ
ɶ粻Ͼ͵𡣡Цʱ̧֪󣬿ŵɩɩһһãζûŤŤһлˣ
ʱһЦһԣʱ֪һ£˵´λǿ硣
ɲˡʱ֪ٲٲƴڻǻ֣ЦǼֶֻѣɩɩģζһܸϻ
*
ӽ굽ɽ·̲̣ʱ֪ȴܳз
ճ겻ãǱյɽĴѶ˵ǨĺۼҪȥɽһ·˳ѰǷޡ
͸ոսᵤȴûбʱ֪ͬ˾һ·ϲߣָ
Ƕ
壺޻ûе
ʱ֪ٺ棺Щ඼ֻڶߵޣûǲԽģʦһ·ȥѵѾ󣿡
ҡҲ£ʱӵŶʱдɲ꣬Ǵæ֮ݳϢֻޣþŶʧ룬ʦҲǲԣֱҺ㡣
ʱ֪뵽֮ǰһֱɻ飬תͣҲˣ֪΢ʦأ
忴ͣС֪΢ʦչˣʦ˶٣ֵҲ
ʱ֪ٽԴ֮ǰҲһǵ1壬һԺϷӻŰ壬ſڱտڶ󣬲Ȼǽ۵һҶܡ
΢죬С۵Ҳ˼ġ
ʱ֪룬Ҳǣְ鿴ľͰЩ
ͣСʦ˵ġǡָʦ𣿡
ʱ֪٣Ȼ˭Ҫ˵1һŰ塣
˵䣬СԲ峺˫ʱ֪ͻȻΣСǰ˵Сȷʵͦʲġ
Ҳ˹ŰŰ壬Щʱ˼ġ
ЦҵСʦ˵˵ʦܺδ˼
ʱ֪֮ϴĪ飬Цྐྵӣһ͹Ц˹
ȻʧЦྐྵӣ
Ҳʦ徹ȻҲԹ𣿡
ʱ֪٣ĵȻԣڲ¥ҽྐྵأ
⻹ʱ֪ٱչ֮ǰ飬ʱѾɽˣɽ˿Σ˭ϰ;Сץˡ
Իӭѵ⣬˭СҲ˼ȥǳᣬ˵ҪĶ
ʼǰزԶĲ¥һ
˲Ҳ˲裬Сһѡ
ǡ¥˵˽Ȼ죬ʱ֪ٱŲ裬һſſһʱȴְ֮ʲû趼ûһڡ
ǺȲϰ裿
ֻ֮ǲʡ
ʱ֪ע¥˵˵ϣԲ衣
̫֮𡣡
ʱ֪پһ˵û뵽ܵõӦ˹ˣһעˣҲУһЩ
֮ˡ
ʱ֪Ա˵飬ȴƳţֹؾطϣѩ׵۽Ƕѥߣ¥룬ƻ
һתǰĵһƣС㳢رóԡ
֮Ŀһϣջأء
ʱ֪ȴ֣ӿһ¾ˣССһ⣬ִ࣬ûԹζһ¡
֮Ҳᶨء
ʱֱ֪ץ֣˿Źӷģԣ
֮þòȴҲûз¹ӡ
ʱ֪ٱԣȴû۽ޣɤƽʱ죬ྣȴ˶⡣
üһ䣬ϸ͵򵥣ྣͻûȥһһͽȥˣ
֮Ŀɻ
ʱǱɴץһŹʾ
ֻа׵ָһŻҺɫĿӣĴ䣬ѩ׵סӼˣྣͬѩ׵Ĺ¶ӰȻû䣬ǿƬ֮䣬ɺһ̽һһӱ
üһЦѧû
֮ȴתĿ⣺ˡ


71 

ͼʱ֪ŶЦԽԽ, ȴǲ˵漫ˣԺ, Ҷʡ
ȴû, ʦܿɳ˹ӣ
ʱ֪ٱЦߵͷˡ
죺û뵽ʦܻⷲʳ, ƽټʲô, ԭȻԹ𡣡
붫ˣթС, ú͸Ķ, ʱ֪ٲ˼֣ӲӦҲǺܰ԰ɣ
ЦЦĿӹ·ɽ, ͻȻһ٣Ϸ
ת, ûһһƬּ䡣
ʱ֪٣ʦֿǷʲô
һ·򣺡ߡ
ʱ֪ٽͻ, һ, ԡ
ʱ֪ٽŲһ٣ôˣ
üֻͨ, ټǵٶ, ûûҵ
˹ףСɡ
һ, ˻ʦֶҲá
, ˡ
ɣת
Խ㷢ľԽϡ裬ûһ, 㿴Ĵ̡
üׯ
ʱ֪ٳʦ֣ͣȿ
ǻشż̼͵˴ׯڡ
ͳׯһƬȻʱ֪ȴԽ衣
îʱոصũ˿̸ôûصҲιι׼ʳȻʱ֪ĿҰ䲻Ӱ˹ֻķ
һϣſʶ̽ÿһһķݣֱĳǰס
ٹ񣬳Ǽ䡣
ֻƿһޣӤ޹̽Դȴ
ʱ֪ٲɫٴηųһƺŤͷ߿Ȼ̫Զ̫죬δʲô㱻֧䴩ԴȻء
Сʦ塣
ͺ;Ҳˣվ£ͷʱ֪٣ɷ˺ټ
ʱ֪ѾɱˡɫȴδɣߵĺֹһֻǴ̽̽û
̽ʶɫ΢䣺Ѿˡ
ʱ֪Ҳ̽һˣȴɱһ˿ϣͣͣǷ˳
صͷһ΢΢ͷû
Ĭվٴ￴ʶ̽ĵط
˵ʱ֪ٶѾԪӤԲΪʶԸǰҲۻᱻڵʶû̽鵽ģһҲκθı䡣
ȻһˣһѪ߰ߵؽһӣûŹһ䣬ûҵκλ
ʱ֪ٺ;忴ݣҵ˶Ϫߵ͡
仹Сǵһγէ޿ʳĲйʣ⣬ͷһת˳š
ǳվɫһҾʦ壬Сʦ壬ãԲˡ
ʱ֪ȷʵöСʦҼⳡʹû¹
΢㶣ЦһСʦģһμƶǵʱ㻹ף˺þãȦһء
ʱ֪ٷǳԴˡ
ЦҲԣźü춼ϳء
ʱ֪˵ˣͱŵɫҲ͹Ц⡣
ɣʱ֪ٲ˵ڵﴶҲֻһң֤һʱڻǻģ͵ޣʮҲ׳꣬ú޷
Ļɱĺֻһֻݣ䵥߱µģ˵ӦȺ嶯ֻ
ʱ֪˼ҼǵúǶֹ޶ˣΪǻһʳء
ҡҡͷҪٿ֪ԶԲԶˣ·˳㿴;ɡ
ʱ֪ٵͷ

һ·;˲ٳʹׯĳûҲû޳ûĺۼڸСׯȴɱ˲ʮֻ޵ټ
˱ұɱǲ߲ûһϢǵʱҲѾǵˡ
˵һĿĵɽµСҲǾŶڴȻյ⣬Ǳ㷢˳
̫ˣһճǡ
ʱ֪΢㣬⼸ĬֲߣƬ̣ȸԾ
ʱ֪ٺ;һۣȴֹۡ
Բǰ·ŶһɽƽҲѰַЩҾŶ㲻ϴɣҲԪӤڵԸѰ޸ȴɲϢɼ޲Ѱ
ɽϹɽʱҲаУŶɽϣ󷨺а࣬ھŶѱоضѡ
Ǻ£򱾾ͼǧסʱܻ˵
Ҫǣʱ֪ٺ;巢ǵʶ⣬޷̽
ʱ֪٣ֱӽɡ
̾Ϣһֻˡ
ûţԾ˳ǽϣϣлŽգҲû˿Ӱ
ʱ֪üͷһа
΢㵣аޣ
ǰаٽݣطóٻ಻֪Ӻζа񣬵þźʹ䣬ʱϻаޣĺƽ
ǣаǱ伣δֹˡ
ʱ֪Ҳ̫ȷԼ֪񣬵СаҲ࣬޷׼ȷ
ȴʮʱ֪ٵĸоаޣð졣
ǰаǱԪˣаҲȫջ٣а޲д棬ҲڿԿƵķΧڡ
ʱ֪֪ʲô˼а޵ĻٻΪҵԭ򣬿Ե޹ʼ¾Ҫ¶ˡ
ٿ
ʱ֪ʶſϸеаһۣȷʵаޣӦò࣬ұаޣ޵Ϣ࣬ҲһԱߵĹϵ
Ǳ̽̽ɡ
ʱ֪Ҳ˼½һѾ䵽˳ڡ
һͻ˼һŴͷΣձͳɽȱ
͵ǣСʦ壬Ҹոһԣ󲻺ã;ʦҪСġ
ʱ֪ٵͷġ
ǽǱ룬һ·Žյĵ̣ͣһջǰ
ʱ֪ٴ
ͷҲʱһԾϢ䵽˶¥Ļϡ
񻨴ڴ͵͵ضԻѾˣΣգǻЩ뿪ɡ
ʱֻ֪ģģһ䣬վЩϤͼһֻֻһֻצӣβèͷӥͷǡ
˶һ˭
ٿش򿪣ʱ֪Ϣǽվǰܵږ˳ɣת۱㲻ӰӣֻƬëڿдת
ʣʲô
ٴνϣһֻږࡣ
Ƕ˶٣ȻζЦһԤߵږࣿõӦ
˵ʱʱ֪ѾջԺ˼շޣж
˼ղǡƼң
ʱ֪Էһ仰ڻ:Ϊ˵ږӦѵڷ߹أ
ҡͷʱδʾ߲
ʱ֪ɵǣ䵥ֱʡ
壺ɣƼҳڴ˴ʵΣûŪԵǰҪ˶٣οʱ֪ٵǣږ֣ȴһߡ
ʱ֪ѹĵ׽굣ǣͷ֪ģʦ֡


72 
ƻϲϱ仯, ʱ֪ٸû߶Զͱˡ
΢΢, ŵ֪֣֪, ɡ
˽֣ʱ֪Ҳûٲ, һԾ䵽ǰ
ô֪ڸ㣿
ѾԪӤԲ, ԪӤ, ʱʮֽ˸߽˵ܷ
ʱ֪ٵٿ̧ͷ, вƻϵ, һž֪
ʱ֪һ, ̧£ǰ, ô֪, ˵ҲûȲ谡
һֱʱ֪٣ӣ֪, ǰ۵ǰ, ֮ǰһֱ˵Ҫȥɽ, ȴһֱûл, û뵽ˡ
ʱ֪ٵͷ, ʣô
Ц, ˵춯, Һֳ˳ɼһЩҩֲ
ʱ֪ٲţɽֲ
ҡҡͷǱȥɽġ
ͨ˻ᶪΨдɽǸϵĹǹ׶ҩĺòϣסʱߵЧ˵Ƽҵطζϱõꡣ
ҴӴɽߣҲ·ɻǳ֡
Ȼʱ֪ȴ֮ǰ˵Ļֱ˵֮ǰ·ǿջʱ˱˻ǽǣ˵ږĳʮӦʲô˼
㶣ȻǳǳЦˣԭ֪ʵ顣
ֳԵģŽվ;쳣뿪ģû뵽а޷٣ҪɱҺֳû뵽ϵҩͻ࣬סˣֳǣ֪ЩаɽԤıġ˶ٵǰЩаƺûȫ٣ȻûٻаƺȴԼЩ޾ۼʹЩǵ
ʱ֪üʹޣ
ͷЩаץͨȥιЩޣ˱Σ˭ҲҳţҺֳͶܣòײһõĿջ
ʱ֪٣֪Щаģ
صͷֳаʱûע⣬аˣûʳ
ʱ֪٣֪аղ
̧֪ͷҺֳҵطͶʱǡһɽǱȥ˵ǱоŶŵ󷨣Աǡ
Ŷţ뵽ŶɽȵԹ˲Ͼʱ֪üһˡ
ʱ֪ٿʧǰã׷˼֪
*
ʱ֪ٽǶ֪Ϣ˾ͣһԵõоա󣬾ȥһ˾Ŷš
ŶڵһֹۣȻǷȴѶʱ֪ٺ;Ʋ⣬Ща˵ھŶţĻѾŶŵİ׶༪٣Ƕȥ̽һ̽
ɽһʱ֪̤ˮʱȴˮƺЩ
ʱֻһֻ۾״޴ˮһԾ˶ĵŻβ˦ˮǹ
㣡
ʱ֪ɫ΢䣬δٳͼһԾıʱС롣
ͷһֻǸò꣬Űƽƽͭü۵ӳˮ⣬
λѡҽˣôܰ
忴ʱ֪٣ʱ֪üĿԶһлѳֻôౡ㣬һӦ𣿡
һǱİ
δ䣬һҲ˲֪ٲˮô£ô࣡
ʱ֪칭ԾڿУȻȴδб㣬ȫˮУ걾ϳ˾Ȼֳ⡭һҲа
ʱ֪üһбֻǽµĺʱߣԾˮصˮıֻڱβ
˼룬ƣ˰ֵܣ
ʱ֪Ǽ⣺Ҳһɡ
ɱıûһȳֵˡ
߳һ·ͻʱ֪ٽѵ֮ǰɽʱͼʶˣСʦߵﶼǺ飬ûпε壬ЩʦʦҲʮϤÿɽһҵľСʦ壬ԺſҲʱʱ̶ֵ̿ġ
ƽ֪΢ʦ㣬Сʦ̰棬ҲԸ츳
ԼƽҪɽƾƣƾͱչأʦ˵֪СʦҲȥҲġ
ͻʱʱ֪ٺϴѾӱ˵޺ͼޣԼԺһȥ̽һ̽ûд˵еĸͲ
ϴֵҵ̽ҴС뿴鵽ûпޣǲоŸԴ
ʱ֪룬ҵĸ˵ĸѵһˣ˵ĸǸˣȴֻ뿴ǺηʥΪԸڷɽϲͥΪֻɽ̻𷱻
룬ٿͬʱһ˳⣬ȫΣȥ
ʱ֪ٵķ͵߶ʱҲͬʱΣʱ֪
Ų̤֦ҶϵԽԽ˳ʱ֪ǰ߱˵ЦȺιǼû
ôûţһŵʹǷһʺһǼһ
˵Ⱥʳһ˼٣֪Ϣ˭ȥˣȥιʳʱһģҶѬòУ˵ˣҲͶСޣΪ˽ӵգһǶˮֽŽˣǻʲô֣
ʱ֪ȭͷһ˲֡
尴סļ򣬴
⼸˻ڼ˵ʳ͡ʳͬ飬һֻЩŤŰ׵Ŀ⡣
ʱ֪Ҳ̲˵ʱһ˺Ȼһת˵а˵а䵽ǲģǼȻպ᲻ҲٳаˣǰҪһ飿
һںЦЩû츳СɵƽҲŴƲ𣬾аʱתа˵Ūа𵱵ء
ҵɽɸЬ
⣿һ˵ҪĴҵļҵūʹƼǼ˷ӾӡܼЩ󷨵ģ͸ҿŰɣýġ˵ҿŸ
ʱأһ˵ʱҿǮģ
ϸ˼һһЦʱǼҵǲʲôʱҵļ˵ǾݵһˣҵůѾߵǲ
δ˵ڣһʺ
ʱ֪ƽʱʹȴһֱϣΪʺϽ빥֮ǰѧýȹ
ֻɽ꣬δùѽֱա
循㵵ؿʱ֪һһˣգۼ㽫Щɱ˴룬ֹ֪٣ڣ
ʱ֪ٲȥѪҺڿһֱָŶ£Ѿŵ˿ӵһˣ΢΢۾ʣǲҪҲϴһϴιأ


73 1+

һ˱ʱ֪ŵùǺ,Ƕʣһµȫˡ
֮ǣ˾ǾŶŵ,Ƕκ崫ѶҲɽչ,ŶѾа޹ꡣ֮,Ӿ˵ɽ,ؾҪűΪ˶ռؾ,а޹ᡣ
ʱ֪ټȴû̫,ؾżƾճ֣ᱻǰ⵽ҴרŶʿһĳ쳣,ԭ,аȥؾһȨ
ǾŶŵ˵ŷŶȻ,˵ǰ˲ǲҴʿֿԾ̫ˡ
ʱ֪ټȷŶŲסôϢһԭһ,Ž,ǲѴ֮Ʒ˾ŶţɱǱھŶаǡ
һ,ʲôһؾϢ֮á
ϴ˽žŶţ˵
ŶƽɽҲǺ绽,Լһ˲ڽ£һڵϷǲ˵Σ޺ʱ֪ټˣû뵽϶Ҳ,İӶ˳
΢΢üʱ֪ȴ˼ƷǵǼΪҲ,ʦȻ
ʱ֪ⷬνʵʵŶġþŶţҲſԪӤڣþͻƣǰλ꣬Ӣ˲콾
СΪͣҲˡۻδھѾԪӤԲʱ֪٣ֻҪһۣʵ۾Ѫ
ƿСҰ츳ðˣ뽯ĳտޣǧδһиȴͻƣ۰
ʱ֪ЩỰϴҲˣһ߷а޹ᣬ˺¾ձ˵տޣԼЩ飬ǲ۲Ųͻƣ
˵֪ϴǾ仰ȵ˾Ŷ񾭣ٿ̧˻ߣǴ˼ƻձһͻƣΪԣؾӵߣؾͻָտɴȺëûСӵҷݣǸҳǰɱǣɱɱɱ
˵󣬲ֻǶǣëϸѪܶޱΣγһ·ʱ֪ټ˾ʱͻȻһϸžֻЩѪȫƤٿر
ʱ֪ټ˷ӦѸ٣ַ¸ͨûһ˱ѪմȾȻºŤһʱɫ䡣
ֻŶ¶Ƥ˻ѪҺ֮⣬Ѫܣ˿˿ƤͬһֻѪҺ߲ޡʱ֪֪ⲻߣѪܣ֪ڳ˶ޱ侲
Ż
ϴһ˳˳ȥҲɫףӲԭء
ʱ֪ͬܶȻʱƿߣ˾ֻһ۱˼ãҲͬ⣬ãûסͬﲻסһ嵽档
ŻһΨоȻɫҲף׻Ǳƽ
ϸϸŶʬһתȥʱ֪ټˡ
ʱ֪˿ھȥ·֮ǰΪʲôҲûմɸղųŷ֣°ڻǽ˼Ρ
ϴ£ֱĨ죬ʱ֪ٲһ˻ȥ·
ϴסжûһ
ʱ֪治⡣
ϴʱ֪ٸˮڣھԼȫ¶³ˮζ
ʱ֪ٱѾָ鱻ⷬζѬˣ˰벽Զ㡣
ϴһǱߴգ·
ʱ֪ٿ㣺
һײһ¼Ӳš
˭˭ֻδʳڣʱ֪پѾᵽϤϢ뵽Ƿ·𻹳ڱǼζһڡ
ʱ֪١
ѹŭɤڱʱ֪еǡ
תһ룬Ȼֹվڰ֮꣬ðβ̽ʱ
ɻ΢΢㣺ǡ
ʱ֪ƹ֮ߵʱǰ´ãϲտǱȰи磡
붼롣ʱһֻǳԱߡ
ʱ֪üһ֮ǰǴӦֻҪȰͶи硣
ʱв
ʱ֪ʲôʱв㣿
ʱв˵иͲȥ棡
ʱ֪٣һʼ˵ǵضأ˭뵽һضҲв㰡
ʱʱɣ
ʱ
嵭һøողϢģʱ֪һۣ΢΢ͣ¡
֮Ƴʱ֪٣֡
ʱ֪ü΢ʣʲôϵ
ʱڰ֮ǰ˵֮ȻҲش
ʱ֪ټǶ˵԰֮ʱǵܵܣõ㡣
֮û˵ʱ˭ˣ󣡡
ʱ֪ٵһۣ˵
ʱƲ죬ŤԶ
ʱ֪֮û֮ǰˣôˣ
֮ɤܵа
ʱ֪پȣҲа
֮ԣʱǴаȾۼ¾òԣ˳ҵߡ
ʱ֪Ƴ۰֮ǲǸղ԰֮˵ʱЩʱ̫ãЩڣ֮˵ԼʱûʲôɶԺòطʱʱ֪ܾﲻζ
ҡʱǰɴûԹ
뵱ʱΪȷ˭Ǹ˭ǵܵܶ˺þãʱ˭˭Ҫӵ⣬û뵽ȥʱǲ֮
ôһԱȣᰡ
ʱ֪ԼΪԼɣʱð֮Ҳûˡ
ֻ˵ʱƵǸǲҰֻ֮Ƕޣ޶߸ϡ룬Ŷа޹ᣬԼаٻ˵˳
˵꣬Ҳˡ
֮ȣ΢΢״кʱλǣ
֮ºʱ
ʱ֪٣ܵʱ
ͬʱڣ뵽ʱݣԭλ֪֮ǰᵽСܡ
ʱ΢㶣ʱ֪١
ʱ֪٣
峯ʱ˵㣬ʱҲòص¡
к˱˵¡
壺ҲۣĿǰҪ֪
ϴŶžôѾұˣоŸԴɽߣеطܲ
Ҳһεҡ㲻
ʱ֪٣᲻ɽ
ϴܣɽ󣬱ǶˣҲȥ
˼󵹲⣬ȥ
Ŷ˵ɽʵҲֻڿɽһѣɽµɽ·ɽط
ɽ󣬼оƽۻʱ֪˼Ӻ֮ʱҲһʱֻֿܷ̽꣬Ѱ
ʱ֪ƶɽãûеһ޲ɽڵû׼ȥ˼ʱȻеؿһ̣ʶǸôѶ췽ȥ
һߣҲ֪һǲңûͲ˲һûü飬͵ſѪڣճҧ
ޣó򶷣ôǵ1·״ӣ٣ҲУǴҧ˸գһ콣۵ڿշ
ӰɢʱŷǴ쾹ȻǳͬԴоŸ
ʯ䣬֪ǰⶫݣȼʱ֪ٸѶ
ȻѶͳȥˣһԴҲҧԴȻ˵
ϰˣҧࡣ
֮ǰЩˣԡ
¿ˣ
ˣץסࡣ
Ųץ졣
ɱɱɱ
߰ԻһͬƣӦһֱһԴ˵ʲôΨֻظһǸԴ˵úȻǱаȾˡ
ϰˣваҪ
Ѿˣ˵˸ԣ
ǶþûԶˣ
С˭Զ죬ҪǱˣɡ
ߣسԳˣ಻֣ǻ𣿡
԰԰ζˣ㣬һԽԽ
ԴĵԽңӦԽֻнڣҼ˵ûսҲ޴ʹãʱѾֻʣһŻˡ
ͬûǰСʿСΪֵͣܽ˵һҧһڶ˲˼£Ҳ죬Щ˵ֹżܴ˲
֮ǰҲǶˣ湻ˣСһҲⰡ
һԴһԴҲëȻȻȻѻɨβԴհףʧȥжֻӭ
ΪԼʱһһβһ飬߰½챻һӲȫʱָů
Сʦ塭
Щزʱ֪һƣȥʦ
챻Ƶ˺ü̧ͼʱ֪Ѿսһ
Ÿ޴ԴջһΧһ𣬵⽣Ӱھ޴­£ֻӨӨ΢⣬һԴѪڳʱ֪ҧȥԴҲȿֺ

㣡ҪҪԣ
Ǻڷסʱ֪٣һѪĿѣСʦ壡
ȥȴһӰѾǰѩ׽ڰգȴһסʱ֪ٺڷϡ
ʱ֪Ҳû뵽֮죬Ĩȥа㷢˿ճѪߣ̫ʱˡ
ֽ֮գȻĿɨ޴­ȴǶʱ֪˵ߡ
ʱ֪ȾѪ㿪ι˿ոûϵܵԲᱻסˣҲȣһ𡣡
֮һԾѩ룬׷ȥڲҽѪ콣ȴһȾػص
һֻ­Ϲ˫ۼŭҲûˣŪ飬ȫһ䣬­Ȼͨͨ˫ֻۣʣ˫Ŀͨһֻ
ʱ֪üһ壬֣ŵһɼȳѪζٿطӦֻаȾˣ
֮뿪
ʱ֪ôܷŰ֮óһԾһ㣡
֮ǰûóΪ޴оŸ­վﶼ̼ԶΪսֱýɴʱͬˣ֮ǰܹסѹһֱںż
֮ߣ˱ۣʱֻʣȻ
ɫ𪲱ӣҲΪ˻ɫͫʱ֪ǰ̼֮仯ΪһչƬȴ޴˿ԣͬһ㣬»Ƭֻзâ
սһ̼ս˸غϡ
֮˵ǹѪȴҲǴ˵ˮ񹲹ӣǰ߻δ꣬Ѿɣ˵ǿ
ʱ֪վüԶǳ֣ɻᱻɰʯľˣ칭֦շų˵һ
û֮ǰסʱ֪ٷ֪һҲûܣǼʱҲΪԼҲԼɶ˺
Ȼţʹܵһνߴߴ磬ʱ֪ȻѵߴĶҲܿӰ֮򶷹۲쵽ʶܵط
һ׼ߣ˼
Юа
Ƿ֮ǰаöã˿аǶԸ֮ʱ֪׼Ҫ˲䣬㽩Ӳ
֮Ҳû뵽ʱ֪һҪӦΪѸ٣дβڿջȣâ˸Դ׷ء
ʱ֪ҲǸŵɪɪ۾һһԴ
ι
Դ۾һ죬һߴʱ֪٣ʱֱˣһᣬ˵أڵԴһһװ
ʱ֪ټֱţ־ޱȺãװʲôãԴˣҲҪ˲񡣡˵ֱһֻȥ
ǴԴʱ֪ˣһֻ۾ﻹˮɱˣء
˿̣һֻԶԶһ˹˵ֻء
ЩԻʱ壬˻»֪ˡ
ʱ֪ŷ컹ڣ´һ£ôߣ
£ġ
ʱ֪٣ֵҪ㵣ģûСʦ֮ǰһߴ磬ֱӾ͸ɤһ٣԰ʣֻԴͬһ壬ôû£
ֻԴСǲߴ磬Ҳ߰
ʱ֪ٺɣԴôˡ
ԴûشѾΪΰ֮Ǵа֮Ѩ­аȾŻ𡣡
㣺û
ʱ֪٣ΪʲôǶаȾˣûУ
Դʱ֪٣ãŵûԹˣ룬ֵҲǺöǰԹһʯʯرаÿаһͻۣԶҳԡ
˵ίʱ֪ȴʯȤ³
Դ²Ҫ³ˡ
ʱ֪ٻ˻𣺡²
Դһԣ
û뵽ʱ֪в۵׾ǳݡ
ʱ֪ٷĿ⣬üһҪ˵ʲôͼһɫȳζֱֱʶ㿪˳²ۣʲô
ǳȫҶǳүүˣ
ʱ֪پʯ˵ͼͻأ˼ָԵصת˷䵽
ϷΪܡʯһˣʱ֪٣һߣŤԴϷԵպ㱾ҲָߡƳʱ֪һۣϳҪϷԼֻһҪ󣬲Ϲԡ


74 

ʱ֪ٻδ,˶㣬λǰСʦ³,ҪҲӦ,㲻Сʦ,Ҳаʦ塣
벻Ȼ˻ܾ,ΪСӲʶ֪Ϸ˭֪Ϸ,Ȼ˿̵ľܾ
˵ͷǰϹе,ܡ
ܣ
ʱ֪ûסЦ
ɫһһ̣ܻ
ʱ֪Цء
ţЦʲôЦתͷԴϷ̽ȥϷٹһٳ
ԴСʱ֪,Сǲ
ܾԼʱ֪ٵĳЦ,£ʱֱһ,ʧˡ
ͣСʦ壬ǰƺˡ
ʱ֪٣Ǿöˡ
ͣҪ𣿡
ʱ֪٣,Ϊʲô,϶Ҫ˵ϵ,㻹ûбСʦѾ,
ʱ֪ľͲ˱,ǻ˾Ȼ޷ڶ
ȻˣҲΪԼӦõõܡ
ǡ
,ţ᲻ĵʱ˵ʱ֪ЦЦؿ̣㲻Ҫ۷ŵҲ׬һʰ
ʱ֪ⷬ˵ͣȴɹٴμŭܡ
ٿֳϣһҪǸҰϷóȥˣ϶Ҫһӣ
ʱ֪٣ģ
ܣ
ʱ֪ٵͷŶǷźݻǰɣ
ܣ
ɫ̷ɹȥʱ֪ٵһӣºٿʧǰ
ͣ졭
ʱ֪٣ĿӸľ弸ƵƷţ»صϣʦ֡
ͷĿһֱûƿ˸Դǿģ
ʱ֪ٽһ°ͣСֽġ
忴֮֮һס
ϵЦ崺磺ʱСү츳ѣΪ񣬽һȻӢ۳ꡣ
ʱ֪ЦЦлƵѣԴǺͰʦֿġ
ƷЦⲻ䣺ˣ̫ӵ£һǡ
֮ء
ƷջߣԴǸؿ壺аһ߱òݴǣϧĳҵһҲ쳣ȴ۶ʧȻʵǲ
а޼黫־ŶŹᣬƵδܷҲ֮顣
Ʒź˼䣬ڽա
ʱ֪ȥȥĻ氵ʾɽƣʦ֣ǲǸȥ޲
壺ǸȥȥȽ˴ʦ𡣡
ʱ֪һͷʱˡ
ٶȼ죬תһ˵Ľ䣬Žʱٴ¿һ飺ôأ겻Ǳ˸ˡ
ʱʱʱ֪ٳܣҲʮټԼʱ֪СճһֱԶԾӣȻҲҪóЩĴȺͰݡ
ദʱʱʵʮչʱ֪٣ΪʱúѧһѾ֮硣秵ţģֲ̫ɹ֤
ʱţҲٴδһڱֳĿǣؿҪ˼ꡣ
ʱ֪ٱһѾЩ굽׷ʲô
ʱЦЦ̧ʱ֪ٵԴܿ̾ϢһѶգÿεıֳؾۣû뵽ȴˡ
ʱ֪ٶǳ˳飺㲻˵˵ˣˣҲܡ
ʱЦȥѾȡһλˣ˸ӣǼδгΪ죬˶ΪɵֻЩˡ
ʱ֪üЩլô˻
ʱı˽ģһûʲôͬ˶٣ֵ֮⣬öֻһֱ飬ͻȻıˡ
ʱ֪üû˭۸㣿
ʱЦЦôºһӣ۸
ʱ֪ŷģһʮ˵ԽǱͨȵͨȥһˣɽҰ·ֻ޹С˵ǱȷʵͨȵĽ磬֪һˡ
ʱЦ
˵˻ỰȻضɽҡδüʲôʱ֪ٱоһ⽫У֮ǰΨһܿıʱ쳤֡
ѹԼһƬڰ֮УԪӤʿĿʶҲ޷
ɲ֪ΪΣʱ֪ȴδΣգһĪϤ
ţһɫģǺ졢ơĹ㡣
ʶһ㣬ʱ֪ٱȥ
ǰ·ӲһſžۼȻ̳ҫӡ
ʱ֪дУܸܵԼҲܸеʱϴӣһʱһ˵Ҳ
ʱ֪һƬۼɣΪһƬƣתֱǹһſ£ɢһкƶ˺ڰ֮С
ʶ֣ץסһǹ㣬ȴץסһůԲ
ʱ֪ʶȥȴʲôҲûڰ֮ڵԲټΨץסԲ֪Ĵ档
ʶһ㣬ʱ֪ĵĪθУʶ׷ѰθкϤеԴʱģĵֱ꣺
ʱ֪ϸ־䣬ȴʲôҲûΨһؾ֮졭
֣֮ʱ֪񣬶ˡ
ؾʱ֪ٲظȴϻ䣬ΧĺɫѸˣŨ紵һлȻʡ
ݱ鲼ͣϪߣ׸߸ϳֻܵ伮ϼ޼޳ֺӱߣԶĿԶԶŨ󷽣һжɾ
ʱ֪پ㵣ǡؾ


75 ʮ
ɽؾӿĴ˲侪˸ܡ
ʿ߸ʱ, ɽľ弸˳ߣΪͣҲԡֱͻƵ˽ڣ
循㵵ؿӿķ, ǡ֪֮ǰߵķ򣿡
δ, Ѿһ
֮죬֪ʱ֪ʱ뿪뵥˵, ҲûֹȻһʱͷ˴˵ȴ, ԽԣؾΣҲ, ʱ֪ٵԪӤԲͬȷʵ, ϹؾϹ, ͯ޻֮ˡ
ڰ֮ľȻϵƷ, Ϊʱ, װྫܻҲ׭˲󷨣߶ȻԪӤʿٶ١
ҲѸٸȥôǶԲ˲Ϣ֮·̣Ϳ˰֮˶֮, ֮⣬ûʲôر, Ҳûؾĳڡ
Ʒʱʱ֪ȥĶˣ
ʱȻҲܵ, ܵľв, ȻѰʱ֪ʱµġ
֮ɫҲ˼ءʲôˣ
ʱֱƷţ֮, ղ֪ӺδȻӿֱӳɹЮȥ, ץס, ֻǰͻȻʧ
üʧģͻȻʽ
ʱĳק, ʧ֮С
סղͻȻؿڣһڷ̵ܣͷĿİҡһԣСʦû¡
ʱŽĿ䵽ϡ˭ʱʲôϵ
ͱΪ˵Ѷ飬˿̱˿ţһ죬ҡͣСʦʦֶ
ʱʡ˵һԣô˵׼𣿡
ƽͲó˴򽻵ʱһһǱҲ˵
֪ôʱ֮ǰֹٴδǲԼͬŨĵطȥδԶԶһ׹ǺӹߣԣǴǶ
ʿǼҹҹķ羰ȻӾµӣ׺۵ǳ΢âۼƣϷһժǳ
ϴһٿػջ쳤֣󾱻ΡǿŻͦ
Щǳ
˵䣬ƬѾƮҷβ֮ͣƶ
ǡ
˶㵵ؿԽԽƣԽԽŨֱͷϷʱһඥͨ͸ˬȫ
Ƶ߳һӰ˶ȥ֮ǰʧʱ֪١
ʱ֪Ϫת˼ȦûֳķӣɴҽϪһȻĳˡ
֮ŷԼڰ֮УĿ⻹δ䣬֮ߡ
֮ʱ֪٣㿴ܲܳ
ʱ֪ٲ⡰ʲô˼
֣֮δǳ׵ֱӳȥѩ˰֮ǰû
ʱ֪ټ״һȣǰ˼ȷԼ̤֮ϣߵ˰֮ǰ˶٣ҲŰ֮֮ǰֵķ֡
ףƽֱֻ˻Ρû°
֮ˡ
ʱ֪˼֮ٴ֣ˮͰֵһκ鳯ȥѩδܵס⣬Ȼ֮˵ü죬׻½ǡ
ʱ֪ŵؿŰ֮ϻ˸ĵ⣬ô
֮㣬˿ƣˡ
ʱ֪ٿ·ͷ֮ǰԹˣ˰ʦ⣬Ƕܿơ
ҡͻȻ뵽ʲôٴ֡Сץҵ֡
֮ɫһηԱ仯ʲô
ʱ֪ٻ˻֡ץסҰ
֮Ŀϣûж
ʱ֪һѸǰǣ֣գ۾㽫֮С
Ȼԡ
֮Ŀ⼫Ϊݵڻµͣһ˲ֱ󣬵ʲôԣ
ʱ֪ٵؾУҪҪҵĴͬ⡣룬ʱȥʱ
ʱ˿ûԥֱӷɵԣȻ֣ʱ֪ȥʱһ˽
Ȼǵֻ˸£ʧˡ
ʱ֪üһÿҪɡ
֮ʽ
ʱ֪Ҳ԰ܲʦֺ԰ɣҪǲǻˣ
֮ɫ֪ʲôѵ
ʱ֪۾һǰҶˣ
͵͵֣һֱľԱܣȴ֮һ䣬˰ա
ţʱ֪ٵ
һ̣س֮ϡ
Ŀԣʱ֪ʦ֣Ҳ
ƷЦ֪ʱСүɷֵҲȥ۽硣
ʱ֪ȻûʲôԵġȻ
֮ϣƷĬĬÿһë׵İЦƱǸոճСؾ𣿵Щ⣬֮ĳ֮ǰȥκεطҪŨ
ʱ֪ٵֹˡһӣеۼƮɢ¶ɾıɽһǡ
⡭ƷٿץΣţȴûж˵ڶ֡
ʱ֪ٵǺľȣʱҲ˾ȡжķ羰Ũ̶ȣ֮϶޷⣬ʱ֪оԼһԪӤԲڵıݾʹһ˿
ʱ룬ǷɣŨ̶ȴҲ˰ɡ
Ȼ𾪹ϲɫƷţ˵ɫ죬ҲǸ˵ģΨа֮Ϊ侲۵׻һ˿ء
ʱ֪ȴûעЩһ̤ؾ֮ڡߣҴǲι۲ιۣ
˷֣ȫ̤ؾƱѸپ£һżСĹ㣬Ȼʧ֮Уͨһ


76 
Ҫ
˿֪Լھ˶䶯, ʧ󲻵һʱ䣬ѹϢͳɽϣ෽ۼֻΪͬһĿꡣ
ͬʱ, ʱ֪ѾŰ֮֮ǰѾ̽ĵطһ, Ʒź֮Ĺ, Ǳʲô
ʱ֪Ҳûȥ, ʵ֪
ƷŶȻʮָȤҪȥɡ
ʱ֪Ҳȥ, ֻ֮ǰʱЩûȥ, Ʒһ, Ӧˡ
ǵĽǶ, ƺϪߴԽ־ܵ﹬
ȻҲһֱﴩ, ۾˿ûм٣ںؾ޷ʹʶ, жϵ׵
Ǵͻܱﲻס, ؾѾΪ, ȥĶһ𣿡
ʱ֪Ҫһ͹ȥȥˣת
һ㶡ȥʱ֪ٻش, Լҡͷ԰ܰ
ʱ֪١ʲôܣ
ܰһۡ߰ɡ˵ͻ
һֱ, ֮ǰܲʱ֪˵һֱŲ˵, ˳˿ʱ֪ٵСʦ壬ǰؾ֮ǰͻ, һֱ, ҪҪ
ʱ֪֪˵ʲôš
͵ͷ, ˡ
Ʒ̽Ŀ⿴̡Ϲе̣
ʱ֪ٶУƷŵĵһо㲻̫֮ǰҲǲǼǰƼҵİԼڿջ͵µΪԽദƷҲºȴǺѶø
û˾ͶƷ䵭ÿζش⣬Цǡ֮ǰǺԼɳҺСϣһҪΪ
Ʒšû뵽ʦܻ˻Ե
ʱ֪٣Եһ²ԵʦֶǰϲҲԵֵˡ
ƷŶ˶٣һЦҲˡ
ʱ֪ٹǣǰ棬ȴ͡պ̡
Щһʱʱҳһʱڻʳǣʱһ򵥣ʳо˾ˣȴҲٲ˶թƣЩôҲԸǸλá
Ȼ񲻴෴Ǽ̫࣬ײ۵׵ҰĺơƷŶԺؾҰļΪԣʱ֪֮ǰֻ͵˼͵þһˡ
ʱ֪ٵĴȻȴҲúˣֻǲ½ڵܵǬΪ̵λһԣǷġ
֪˶ãʱ֪ûߵ޼˲١
ͿһήĹľ۾ʱʱֱ֪ӾͽľŽϴҵ˼õϣƷҲ˲ֲݣʱһ곤üΪƯĲ֪ľΨоͰ֮ʲôҲûѡ
ǽעΧϣ֮ȫĿбӣѹûЩֻڹżϿ챦࿴һۡʱ֪ƵƵҲ˿Ϊ
һߵþˣҲſЩʱ֪ٵСʦ壬ڶûκ޺Σգ𣿡
ؾΣأԣϹؾΣķȻһ·ͬ۹⣬ʲôΣնûһֲ챦
ֻͺ棬Ҳʱ֪١
ʱ֪͡뿴ޣ
ҡͷ롣
ʱ֪Цˡǲ͵ˡ˳͵ʱȻߵ˰֮ߣСûҪģҪ㿴ĶԴ߰
̧֮𣿡
ʱ֪ٵͷ˵㻰
֮۾룬ջߡء
ʱ֪üոյıҪʲôֱۡ˵˵Ҿ͸㡣
֮ܿ²Ҫŵ
ʱ֪Ȥ㶼û˵˵ô֪ʱʤ˵ֻҪ˵Ҿԡʲô
һͬʱͣ½Ųǰ
ֻǰʮͻأĳһƷ䳲Ľɫǽ£һŶִֿȥ˵Ҳϰš
ǸɽΪͻȻ֣
ľߴ󣬵䳲ľߴ֮࣬ǰɵתһȦҲû䳲ɼ䳲ͻȻֵġ
ʱ֪Ҳû뵽ؾˣ˵ôҲ޷Ĺ֮⣬ؾһж֮ڣ￪˶仨Сƿǣ֪һ
ֵǣ֮ǰδ䳲ɽĳ֡
ϴ°˼ôЩǼҵķ壿
ķ壿ʱ֪ٶҵķҲжţǸÿɽвͬ⣬ȥҪش𣬴˲ܳķ壿
ϴҲǣķÿɽвͬⲻķʵĲǶԴǼģҪΨиʵĴ𰸲С޷ҵԼĽĵӣһķҵԼĵ
ʱ֪Ҳֳ֪˵ʱԼҪʲôʲôŪαֺ
ң뵱⣬ʱ֪ɻǵǸҪģԼҪʲô
Ȼ룬ȴȻԡġܸȤ
Ʒš˵ңӵȥҵķǶɹҲǶ֮󣬲ŷġ
塰ǡľЩ㣬ķһҵȥԡ
͸۾ֱֱķ塣
ʱ֪ٲΪǻͨԼģۼʱЩ⶯ɵת֮СһҪģ
Ȼ֮ȻҲǷ䳲ɽ˼
ʱ֪١ⲻĵİɣ䣬㸣֪䳲ɽ
ķ壬ؾϢķܶǲɵġ
Щʧ䡰Сʦ壬ⲻķ𣿡
ʱ֪١ǡ
ϴһұ㲻ȥˡһڼʣʳʲôСүˡ
ʱ֪ٶʱϴʮУһȥɣҺϴǡ
ЩСʦ壬һһȰɡ
ʱ֪١㲻ȥ
򴽣û˵ͼǷ䳲Ƶɽм𣬹ߴӶڼ죬ˡ


77 

ڰ֮, һ⽵£ɫ㡣һͬһ˿⣬ƶء
ˡޡֲ, , ս, , Ŀٻƶ, ʧ, ɱ, ΪֲһΪ, սÿһ䡣
, ֻʣԺһĨ⣬Ӽѿ, ĵ, ѪҲܽĵؽ, Ψ޷ʹ߹
ʱ֪һ֮⣬ۻؿǰӵֱǿġ
֮, Ϣʣѡ
ͬʱ, ÿһಫҲУͬʱ̧ͷУǵĿϣͿҰ, ·˵а, һ, һѡ
ʱ֪ĵӣ塣
ղһͳһƬڰ֮У裬ůȪһжʵģǰҲϣأԼԭֱͿ˺壬ĶĤŽʶһ˻
ԼĶҲ֪һ飬Ȼ˿ȴ޷ʰ֮ǰģ֮£һ˫˫۾ϣһҲ·
ʱ֪ϲһฺˣȻΪ벻ҪδһԵɽʦ׵ģҲ¹ΡȻȴвͬλûҲбˣӾһĴ
ֻһѣͲģһŹ˭˭ǰãֻҪܳȥͺˡ
һ˲䣬ʱ֪ˣȻ̫أҲ޷ӳȥ
Ƕڵ㣬㻹𣿡ǵٴγ֣һߴ٣ٲǱҪһˡ
ʱ֪ٶ·Ϊսγɵѹȣǡý֮һΪ
ﲻԡ·𶴲뷨ֻһˣм䣬˭Ҳܻ
ʱ֪ૣ𣿡
۾һգٿѹ֮Уľϵ߶ѸѿѪҺʬѹȡ
ǵü˾ٿƴȱʵϾ˺ϣ޴
ʱ֪վɻ̵ĴǰһЦܷȥҶֻһܽȻܻ޷Ǳһɡ
˵գ۵İ׹ٴӵȡжʹΪƽʱ֪վһƬ֮У֮ǰɤƽͣ𣿡
ɤЦ⣺ǱرģԶһɡ
ڰѸȥۻĻٴγʱ֪ǰȻһȴ֮ǰľ
ۻ֮⣬㣬һǾĵͬ飬ʱ֪һ㡣
ʶؾ˵ȨԿĶ˿ľҲܿǵѡʶһٿؾСһСڵĵطͳǰ
ǡɽɽ
ʱ֪ȤɽʲôҪСĵģ׼ȥһʹٶѾһĴׯ
ׯķӼΪªҲ壬סĵطʱ֪ôţ˲ͬĶת˲䣬˶ĵط
ͣ
ʱ֪΢㵣ʶǰ
ʯĹɱȻͶȴܽҵñˣʱ֪ٳܣͻüΧǵˣͣôˣ
Ȼ֪ʱ֪ôͻȻ֣ȴҲСشҪɱѾѾ
ѾѾʱ֪ŤͷſͻСѾͷƬӣأһؿ
üһӴôСɱʲô
ѾѾƺ˵˸׺ݵı顣
ѾѾԴѾѾĸ׺ˣǰչأҪѾѾɱ
ʱ֪پ㵣ĸ˹ʲô£
͵Щ˵ѾѾ꣬˵̫Ӳ˴öˡ
ʱ֪ٶˣȴЩ⣺ûˡ
ͣѾѾϷҲȥˡ
ʱ֪¾ȫˣԽûĵطԽ׷顣׼˵֮ǰʦֶ
ʱ֪ٲȻȻȻѾԼĶС
ٲֻ֣ʣΣ
֮ͣǰѾѾȥǲ֪ΪʲôǳȥСʦһܹǳȥɡ
ʱ֪ٲ𣬷ѾѾʣ𣿡
ѾѾҡͷ׺ݣɱ̣Ҫǳ
һ㶣֮ǰû˵
ʱ֪٣Ϊ˵ɱ̣
ѾѾҾ֪Ѿɱ˺öˣ˵˺ͺӶˣŲǺͱˣΪǳҪܣץסΪ˾ұ˳ˣ
ʱ֪΢ȣ͸ţʣѾѾ֮ǰôң
ѾѾֿͣһʱ֪٣ͷ磬Ǻˣ߰ɣˡ
ͣôܲ㣿óĹףַڵϣڻãû͵κܹõĶɵس֮ǰʱ֪վĵطȥȻﾹȻʲôҲûС
һ㶣ɫãȻƬ̣Žָ
ѾѾʣڿʲô
ͣҡڿʲôõĶ
ѾѾͷǸ߰ɡ
ҡͷҲһЩˡ
ѾѾ۾һЩôˣ
򴽣ףضҪܵͷ
ѾѾͷôͷأ
ͣҴȥһ𱨹١
ѾѾգգ۾ȻЦˣǸ磬ǳȥ𣿶ҹٸЩģǱҲûá
һ㶣ܾʲôոһֱƶܳȥģɴʱ˿̣ȴܴƶԭ
ʱ֪Ѿۻĵһλص˵ڶ㣬ĬĬ;ҲѾѾذס
ǰĻ滹ڼ͵ľᣬıƽѾѾĴߴ٣Ǳ
ǵĿͬһˡ͡
ǽţǸһģɱ
ѾѾҲ˵ΪʲôٳٲѡЩ˻𣿵֮Ǹ𣿡
ϰٷ˵Χͼֱܹ֣ʲô޷֡
ֱˣһ̣йâʢ˳㻹ɱˣɵ𣡡
ͣҲ֪ǰԾǵˣ
ܣǿҪɱ㣿
ͣҲΪȦףδܾࡣ
ܣɵ˰ɣ
ʱ֪һԿţȴܴ˿ŵ飬Ȼжƣӻˣ¸ԸõԼϡ
οͶԼˡĴΡ
ӸղŴѾѾõֻƬУʱ֪ٺͶƴճࡣ
ȷʵʳˣѾѾĸҲ˶ѾѾȴ޹ʱܹѣΪõһ֪ĸ·ʿµķһѿԻɱ˵ذס
Դذ֮󣬴Ǳ㶼ѾѾˣȻʳѾѾԼҪԶϻиڣֱӴܺ߱Ϊ˼Ӻߡ
֮۸ǹ¶ĸˣȫɱ˳ˡ
·ׯҪӻˣҲȫƭ˳ʳ
ͬһ㣬·վڴһߣѾѾֱɱ·վѾѾһߣѾѾβ·ˣֱһأҲǸղٵģԸѾѾһɱ񣬻뿪
һɱ˴ȻͳѾѾİף뿪ᱻɱ
ı߶ûѡֺ߲ãѾѾɱ
Ҳ֪Щ޷κ˶֡ʳɣѾѾ״ҲԸǶȴҲ޷Щ֡
Щ֮޹֮أ
ͱ˫ۣȾѪԣеһųѪҺʱͻȻˣϵѪҺȫӿ룬ǰĴѾѾҲһĻ㵣ֱÿһѪҺҵ˹ޣʮ˵ţعϡ
ܺʱ֪ٶ㵵ؿһĻ
˫ۣͬؿڵѾѾȥۣһ㲢ûɱˡ
ѾѾһ㶣Ϊ֪
ЦˣʿΪߣȴҲܿʲô㽫ذײص󣬿ɲͶ޻Ǵ뿪ٷأ˶Ļᣬ㶼δɱңɼ㲻Ըɱˡ
ѾѾۿһ죺ɱˣҲ⣡
͵ͷָָذףɱĶ𣿡
ѾѾۣҲҶ
Цˣָָ֪ؿڣ˲Ϊ㡣֣һ뿪ɡ
ѾѾٿػһɫ塣
ʱ֪ҲⳡҺ⣬ƺ֮͸ˡ
Ҳ룺㡭ȷʵУҲͨҵĿˣүүԸ顣
ʹ˿Ҳʶ֮ǰһжģˣȻҡͷСʦ߰ʦܾȥ
ʱ֪ٿ˺һϷĶ̶Ŀ飬ͨȻ㣬°ɡ
ͻܾһղǽҵܳɣѾҵˣӦӦҶˣ
һ㶣ʵղܹɹû뵽ģΪֻϹŵ伮Ͽһ֮ǰδʹùóҲǷһû뵽˾ȻΪܡ
ܣУʲô֮ǰû𣿡
ͣǱ伮ȱҳЩط˺ˣҡȷʵ֪֡
һ°ͣ¶һݵֻкҽʿʹãΪ־ͽܣû뵽ɣ
һ㶣ʱ֪Ҳľмע
˭⻰һ䣬ȴһۣ͵ҪҽҲô򵥵£ģպ㣬عģһ˵ҲŻӦ㡣
Ϳʱ֪٣ʱ֪Цؿָ֣صͶģպ󶨿壬عһ
ͬʱϹаѾ˱仯һֱġ̡ȻʾѾˣϹаͬʱ仯֮ǰδһʯͷֻдĸ֣ؾ


78 
ϹеʯͷԹ,ұҲֲ֣ȻԱǿʯͷȴǧ궼ͬһͨʯһ,˶˷ʯ,ֱ˿̡
ʯͷдʲôؾʲôؾ
ɣϹź֮Ǹɣ
˵ؾ,˵Ǹؾ𣿡
ĸؾǾڴ˵أҲûǽȥķݣ
ͨʿ,ؾ廹ʯ̸ֵ,Ϊؾʲô,ǶֲһɺؾԼҴɶ,Ѿ㹻ȷѪꡣ
ɽ,ۼ˸ܣҡɣɽȶˡ
ɽһʱ佻̸۲,̽ʵ,ǰ˵ģͬĲһ㣬ҡȻȻطΪ·,ɽ,һ⡣
ʱҲ,˿ȴûҴһ𣬶ǲԶһƬϵȴ
һָһ,һߺͤں,ʱ̤ˮ,ˮ鿱ӽŵͤ,ͤΪ,˶㣬ʱӵ
ʦ˵СүؾʲôΣհɣ
һڲ裬һۣʱ֪ԪӤԲΪ߶ˣ¡
Ҳգ˿Դ֪ΪΣҿСүܾûСʱģء
ҡҡͷǸӣҺʱһмңǡδ˵꣬ͼһӿ첽¥תͷΣ
ǵӵСүӦؾ˵˾⣬ƼҲˣƺƼҵĵմӣҵĵҲȥˡ
߷²յŶĴңؾȥң˼
ǵӵʦСүԡ
ʲôߵһۣһӵأʦʦֶߣʲô£
ǵһԦ罣ٶȸˡ
ӣΪ˵ʲô
æͷ㵽һվȥˡ
һߣƼҼ֪ϴҲʱɫ΢
ҲˣļһӾۼңƽ˭۵Ҳû
ӵǶΣʱ⣬ܼ˽ؾҾһѧϴǹвƾүСүĵҩؾԳԲ˿
ƼҼЦˣˣؾؾ˭ӹܣʱҪúġۺĵͤЦƲƵʱǸʱ֪٣ʦʦֶһͬȥټϸ̫ϵҲҷŶռռ
Цôʱ֪ٽȥΣɽһؾĹϽᣬ̫Ӿ͸Ҫ˵ˣҾݵؾ๣
ƼҼź룬һͷνı죬һϣظҴɶͬġ
۷׷ףؾȴ֪
ʱĶѾ½رգʱ֪;˵Żͼ֮ɫƽ˳
ǰ˼СǶʵʲô
֮Ųһ٣룬תߵѰ°ˡ
ʱ֪֮ǰɽ羰ҲûɣϾɽϷǶȷʵֻѰ¡
ʱ֪Ѹپתע֮۽ޣԼƣƺһ˵¶ȡ
ߴʱ֪ٵϴ֣㿴鲻ѽǵʲôջ񣿡
ϴδҿǸֶԾôལҶѾˣһʮҵҰɫˡʱ֪٣أؾӦøջɣ
Ҳ˹
ʱ֪ҡͷʲôҲûС
ϴȣʲôûУ
ʱ֪̾˿ΪԼˣɴʡ˰ɡ
⻰˵˶ЦƷЦЦţĿתͣʦܿǵʲô
ƽһؾΪˣǴջ񡣡
⵹ڼ˵֮У֮ǰ̵ҪΪ˿ȥһĶضҲ˳㿼͵ԣɹҲ
ЦŶ͵Ȼʦֶ˱պҪǡ
:֪ˡ
صͷĿתƷֵܣһЦƷŵѺⷬջ񣿡
ҵһŵֱӴӴ˳Ҫݸ忴
òܿߣѵĻԵظ˿
ʱ֪٣ʱ֪Цų̧̧򦣬ʾúպá
Ʒ֮ϣЦŵֻȴһ׮£Ҳջɡ
˵κʵʵĶҲûе˼
ҲٶʣǶʱ֪ٵǲ֪ؾʱǷͬҲؾʱһʱˣЩȥɡ
ʱ֪޲ɣʦֵġ
ԣ˵ʲô׻û˵ֻؾʱߡ
ʱ֪ٽߣɵ֪˴ʦֳ֮֡ȥСǳȥɡ
֮һףȴֻվԭأδ
ʱ֪ϲ˶࣬ҲûȰĶīؾڡ
ɽ˴Ӱȵҹ׷ƲؾĿ͹رʱ䣬ؾй̶Ŀź͹رʱ䣬ʱҲ쵽겻ȣڳʿȻһȾ꣬˿ݱƲ⣬ҲΪεϣؾ
ɶִʲôڳ˲ҪǣǧδжʯϾȻ˺ؾĸ֣ζʲô
ڳʿ˼죬ȶᱦͽѰһԵĸǡ֮
˵Уһƺ֮÷˷˳񣬴˵п֮ӣĴԵȴ˲Ϊ֮롣
˭˲ú֮
ûС
˭ú֮
Ҵֻһ֮ңĶɽ档
ЩѾڶɽãңӷ֮󣬾Ѿǧ˷ˣдԳѶϣ˺Ҳ˷
ңӷǰһԸ֤ԣ֪󣬵ȴһ״ʫңӵĳ򴫳
翪
֣ɼ
֮˵ؾ֣пҵɼϽ磬Щٳ޷ϣǶԺؾ֮ǿڱصá
֮ǣۼ£֣ǱĿȻʲôǶһ˿ʶɽϣɽϵκζǵ۾
ڴ˿̣вǱ׷ۻֱһʱǿҵĵط
һʿҲ׷׳Ǳ߶ȥȻҴǰļλ棬ȴҲû̫Զ˭ֻҪһؾ
Ȼʧǣؾδ֣Ψּ䲻֪ӺƮ۳ɵƸڰգĽǶתţҡ۵˳ȥƼ棡


79 

Ƽ淴ӦȻҲǼ, ǵղ࣬ѾܿʮףҪٶ, ͼǵѾͣˡ
ʿۣ
Ǻ⣿
²ؾ飬нֹ˽ʶ
, ؾǴлԵ
ֻʿô, ող㱻˵ƼҲһϲ⣬Ǿǵ, Ȼ
ǵ˵⣬ҪӲӲ, ɽΪҲǲ壬ȻǵֻǾ, ˣʱ, ȴç׷ʶһ㡣
ʶֱΪƷ, Կɼʶжɹ, ؾҲ, ܹʶؾϹؾĵرض˵, ҪǣؾӹҲֻ˵
һǰĶؾ, ĵرκ, һǧǰ˼аؾ, Ǻպһа, ƾ˼аؾаһҡ
ǺʳϣھǸʲôģҲδ֪
֮ܶؾ飬ǵõؾʿ൱̤˵ݣһѾ˷·պǺ绽껹ǽŪƣȻһɾ͡
ƼԽԽȣؾոճ˵ؾ֮Ҳ̫Դ˿ɽʿʵҲŵǰټѾǰ̽·ؾĶ˵ȥ
ֻƼ룬ڳλʿ֪ؾûһͨҲܲܵõʶؾǸرǽȥһܴջ
ҲΪˣ뼸λɽ뷨㣡
ǸϣؾҪԽԽãǲнȥĻᣬȻѾؾǱ˵Ķˣ˼벻뿪ţʲôʱ򿪷ţֶ˭ſɶֻˡ
ʱ֪ٲ֪ѾʼռйϷֺؾˣһС鷳
ĶõīܸӦԼؾˣͬʱҲʶؾȷʵ飬ֻؾʶƺԸ˵Ķǻôвˡ
Գȥʱ⾳Ҳն͸оԼǱһֻͻһƣˤһƬϢ
Ϸûʲôɤ£
ʱ֪ԼҲĪܻش֮£վֱ֮󣬻˿ܣһãȻҸոؾ֮кͱʲôһƣ㻳ˡ
֮ɿ֣ɨʱ֪ٹķ򣬵
ʱ֪٣˹ˣҲûоǶ˭ң
֮뾳鹵ͨʱ˵ʲô
ʱ֪٣Ҿ˵һ٣ûʲô˵Ҫˣ´뵽ˣӦþϾ˲
֮ɨüۣջߣ߰ɡ
֮׷ʣʱ֪ٲ˿ߡ
²īڳ»ص֮ϡ
ʱ֪ǰһ뻹СĶﵽ׿ʲôһͷ˳ɰǧ׼ȷ˵ǳؾֶʶ
˵ʶؾԻû뵽ô뵽һʱ䴫֮ͣһ¾й
ȻףҲ֪֮һ䶯ȻӦˡ
ʱ֪ټ֪ҪԱ㲻ٶѣǡɨʱϱ־ԵͤһѾ䵽ʱˮȣ첽߽ͤڡ
Сүͤڵ̴Ӻ¥ϵĵӷ׷Ҿɾֱ˶㡣
ˣʱ֪ٽŲһ٣ү
Ϊүһ飬Ҳָ̧˵һԵӡ
ҳ,ɣ
ʱ֪£ôˡ
үؾΡ
ʱ֪٣ɽˮ羰ѡ
ү̧ۣʵ
ʱ֪֧򦣬ʵʲô
үؾ飬֪
ʱ֪΢΢ֱ֪ģ
үؾ
ͷƼԶԶ˽ʱүĳɷһ𣿡
үɫһʱ֪ٵȻʾ⣬㲻Ҫڡ
ʱ֪ٵͷ룡
Ƽ̼ͤĶ㣬Ŀؿʱ֪٣Ȼʱү񣺡ʱүδˡ
ʱү治ɫʮˡ
ƼЦҺε׽ŶǿʯƵء
ʱүлֱ˵
ƼЦһ٣Ǵ֪ٹϵ˴һͬȥؾұҹϵܸЩҲǺõģ˿֪̾ȥƼ档
ʱү̲ش𣬡ǲУֳδˣηԸҽȥ
Ƽ治ÿɷ񣬽Ŀʱ֪٣һͬȥƼ棿
ʱ֪ٶ벻ƼΪʲôҪһ⣬֮ǰƼʵֵò죬ǺϵУҲܺƼȥƼңһƼ治֪
ʱ֪٣ǱƼ˴ԵȥƼˡ
ƼȻҲľܾԤϣֻӵ׼һ¯񵤣ʱСȤԿƼҡ
˵ת뿪ˡ
ʱ֪в⣬ૣ񵤡
ƼǺƢģʱȻƷŻؾ˵Ϣ͸¶˳ȥȻղƼǵû鷳ؾʼƤЦⲻЦġ֪١ΪԶġʱСѡץסʲô㣬гƵġ
ƼҵҲܽٶˣʱҲûж˵ʿǿѰҩ޷ʲôӰ죬񵤶Ըûá
ʱ֪ţͱүϣؾ֮Ѿ
ʱ֪üһʱ̧ү֪ؾ˺ؾ
үʯֵּԼ֮ǰƼҪȥһһʱ֪Ȼʵȥʱ䲻в죿
ʱ֪ٳĬһͳīؾѾ
үһ㵣īʮ룬Ȼһ֣һѾʣץסʱ֪ٵĸ첲Ȼȥ
Ȼһ֣һֱɽʿ̲סˣ׷״˵ؾѾʱСΪǼǧΨһؾʱСѿɷЩŽ
үɫһʱ֪٣ȻؾѾΪʼΪβ˵
ʱ֪֮ǰҲû뵽ؾѾй¶ȥˣȴҲ֪ȷʵԼĵ鵼µүصģؾѾΪұʱҺ;˾ڣǲ
үﲻ֪Щĵ飬̾˿㲻˵գȺ͸λͬһǸǲϷ򼴿̴СүңʱҶλͬ뵽ʱ͹⡣
˵գۿʼ󣬽Уװǡͤߣʱ֪ٵߡ
ҳ,ɣ
ʱ֪һ̤װ壬Ӹ¿ɽʿĿӾɨûҵ֮ʱӰջߡ
ʱүʱ֪һ֮ʱʮӣ׷ۣͬȾڴߣɫԺϷУʻ֮УʯĴ߶½ʧҰ֮С
ɽʿֻʱ뿪
ĴҾƽ⣬˭Ҳһƴƽ⣬Ƽֳͤûв֮ɫ̸ʲôȻпڴʱʲôҲһû
ɶû˵ʿ͸˵ʲôˡ
ϣʱ֪үƼղ񵤣Ǽгʲô£
үк£ʱ֪ٲţۻȥһʱ䣬һ֪ҵҪ㣬ؾΪġ
ʱ֪ٽԼɽĪһ˽ȥȻͱؾ˵˳
үţ
ʱ֪٣ľʱҶ֪ؾʲô
ү˼òŵ⼸ڸˮ鿣ĪҪʱ
ʱ֪΢΢üΪΣ
үɩɩҲѾᵽˮˣֳֻʱסţѷ˴ѶȥӦܼ
ʱڽУʱϺ͵ȴ඼ڽʮĸˮ鿣ʱʵǵĹΪڴ˲ţʱԴ˵Ϊټʱ֪ٵʱҲףҪչˣǲųסڴˡ
Դʱ֪ٽʱ󣬸ʱסڸˣΪʦֵҲ࣬ϲ֡
ʱ֪ٵͷɩɩɻã
үá
˲˵һ·˸ˮ鿡
ʱ֪һ´еӸʱѾˣϢҴҸϵ
ʱ£ʱ֪ٽ˻ʾ˳ȥˣ
ʱ֪ٿʱɫüҲۣǲﲻ
ʱҵû£үĴѶҵܵܳżվջϹؾϹżתҲٴ˵ȻԵ
ʱ֪üһЦԼƫɡ
ʱ⣬ʧЦҡͷѽ
ʱ֪ƾһСϵʳˮﶪЩˮ׽ʳ˶٣תͷʣ磬ؾɻΪʱҴ鷳
ʱЦ鷳Ȼеģôȴࡣ
ʱ֪ٳĬһߵһǣĽ磬ŵֳ֪ǺؾΪν֣
ʱʱ֪ٴ򿪽ʱиУʱô˵ʱȻʲô˼
ʱ֪ٿżɽؾк֮
ʱɫһݣɼˣ
ʱ֪ٵͷ
ʱߵλ£Ƭ̺󣬵֮⣬ɻ֪
ʱ֪ٶ˶٣С
ʱ˭
ʱ֪٣ʦֶ͡
ҳ,ɣ
ʱʦһĺӣ
ʱ֪ٵͷģ;ԲὫ⴫
ʱɫȴҲûзɣʦֶ⴫˲֪Щ̽һ£ûʲô֪ġ
ʱ֪٣˵Ǽλ棿
ʱֹǡ
ʱԣЩʿסʱ֪٣ҲҲ֮ʱ㽫עŵϡ
ƷƼһţϴһţɽӣôֵĿɾˡ
ǻɽһ·֪ż˶ǰţһ·ͣͣαһƢ·϶Ƣֱ˴ɽ
Ȼصɽ֮鷳ҲûֹͣոɵİͶϰٷ⣬·ֱͺ;ѾչΪɣͣ
ȻɽһǿԴɱлͣʱȴǲеġ
ʱСүʱ֪ٵ˺ؾĴУΪ˼ǧΨһؾ£һձ㴫˾ݣ£ϰȫ۴£ͻʳǵİոɣô˵Ҳǿʱ֪ٳġ
Ҳˣʱ֪ڸ鿲գѾֳʱߴοˣ⻹Ѿ˻ؾ˴ʱҹϵƽƽҵĽ
ÿÿˣҪһʱ֪Ϊ񣬻δھѾ£ϰ죬Żתؾ·ֻ˳һƵģȴﰵ̽ʱǷῪźؾڣ˳ϵ
ںʹ̽գʱ֪̲סˣֳҪȥһ˻ʳǡ
ʱԵΪ˶Щİݷã
ʱ֪ԩˣϴλұʹȥ˾˵ģ˭֪ǵ£ڻѾ˼ˣٹñҪɽڴ֮ǰȻӦȥ˾ˡ
ʱʱ֪ٲӱܣֵʱƵв̫ƽʳǲǺʱ
ʱ֪ȻҲ֪粻صģҲ߳ţ͵ȥ˾ˣڹͻ
ʱȥѾʳԵۣĵ̾˿Ĵֹۣ˾ҲԸȥġ
ʱ֪΢㶣˾Ѿ֪ߵˣ
ʱλ᲻֪
ʱֱֱ֪ʱ磬˵ʵ˾˿ǳʲô£
Ǿ˾ûг£ȥ
ʱ˶٣˾ûʲô£ֻɽţϣջȥ
ʱ֪٣֮ǰʦ˵ˣڼҴµġ
ʱ֪ж˵ɽ¡
ʱ֪ҲõΪЩϵɽ
ʱ֪룬ƼܼҶӣҲţΪʲôӦ֪ǰͬ˵ؾԼ뷨ڿˡ
ʱ֪⼸նϵ֮ȻǴѶʯǴѶǱ߶ûж⼸ĳһֿԽݵضص㲥ŵķȡ˿Ӧڰ֮ɽѭ
ֻҪ֮ɽͱضϵ
ţʱ֪پ͸оĴѶʯ˶ʶ棬֪ǰ֮ϢʶЦۡ
ʱôˣ
ʱ֪ٻӻֳ֣ؾ֮룬
ʱѾ߳ʱߡ
ҳ,ɣ


80 
ת
Ϸ, ʱ֪ٽѶʯϣָ·ʯͷС, 𣿡
ּ֮֮䣬ˮ, , £ȫʲô
ʱ֪, ЦҲûʲôо֮ǰѶ̫һĴѶҸȡ˸, з, 񣿡
֮ܽҽ֮ڡ
ʱ֪٣֮, ֻҪȥĵطҶܽ͹ȥ;˽ض, 
֮𣬷ʣҺ£
ʱ֪£ֱ˵֮ǰǲǶĶҿĶЩ, ƺʵĳģʵصϿܷ飬Ǹ͡ҲǷ, ʱټ죬ӿʼӰ񡣡
֮
ʱ֪٣, ҿĻ, Ϊ˶ս, Ϳ̿
֮Ĭ˼Ҳô·
ʱ֪һ䣺֪£Ϊ˱ҿĳ
֪֮㿴ıģ
ʱ֪٣ǲģ֮Ĺϵٲ֮ͣڱսҾǿԤġΪ̿αǲѧôҲڹô֪꣬Ķ֪ˡ
֮ĬŲδʱ֪ټˣ󲻹Դˣ˵ԽԽ٣Ҳþһգκζȡ֮ģһӮˣǧάϵأ
֮˵ʲô
ʱ֪٣ĺؾȡĻ͡
֮ɤ΢䣺֪˵ʲô
ʱ֪ظһ飺Ҫúؾȡ建͡
֮ãһηŻʱ֪٣֪˾⣬Ƿܿݽߣ̰ȴֹؾݻìܣܻã֪֪һԺؾΪ룬֮ķպֻҪĳ÷ҪΣա
֮һ˵ô໰ʱ֪ͬʱȴҲ֮С
УСĮġɽ˵ɽеȴһʼɽԲͬطҲиԲͬĳɳԸ񣬸Ҫǣɽ˰֮⣬ûеڶ塣
ĵӲһϦܸ֮ı䣬֮ɽٵҲò룬ûԸ̫ӽżֱĳЩͬĵ⡣
ʱ֪پۼҼʦ۵ʱΪ֮飬Ϊ͵Ⱦ˵ڮٵѰ֮Ȼˣ֮ҲֻǵȻ֮ʼˡβӡ
֮ƽõʷϡʷһһ仰ֱʦƿԡ
ҳ,ɣ
Ȼ֮Ҫ
̫ӣ֮ԣɽҲɵ״ӣȻЩʦһʦ֣֮ݱǸ߸ࡣ
ʱ֪ʳ֮ңȨӵˣ̤֮·ǿʿͨ˵ӡǿ߶ߣܶʱ򼴱ƽУҲλߵԽ߰
Ȼ֮ˡ
ˡ·ҰҰݶһͬʵġӶһĮ֮һͬʣǻƽ֮ģƽ͵һͬʣ԰֮Դκ鶼ƽͣҲڳС
Ҫ۹ƽ֮ʱ֪ټƫɾĴڡһ㣬ʱ֪Խ֮Ӵ͸̡
ҲΪˣʱ֪Ϊúؾ£֮õġ
õĻشԤ֮УҲ֮⡣֮һӦ£֮Уɰ֮ȻվĽǶȣʵʵΪ˼һʵʱ֪֮⡣
ʱ֪ٳõĳĬð֮ٴοʱҲƽʱ˼¹ش˼ǣ
ʱ֪ٻع⻰Цŵ٩СҷҶǲ˽⣬֮ǰҾȻһڴӦҲӦ޺ȵľ˿̵ȫΪˣ˵ǲѾҵˣ
֮سĬ˺ܾãʱ֪ΪԼ⻰ˣشʱֻ֮ʱ֪٣Ҳ˽㣬Ϊѡ
ʱ֪ҲҺϲ㰡˶٣ҲʶԼ⻰ᣬ͵Ǻ֪֮Ҫ˵ףǡվ飬ԸҶϲ롭
˵ˡ֮
ʱ֪ٲ⣺һû˵أҾ˵ԸرϲϲԸ˽ѣȻкܶѣδԸģлİɣ͡
֮ɤ䣺˵˵ˡ
ʱ֪ˣֻڨڨǼ˵ؾ
֮ؾ¹ش㲻̸Уʱ֪٣Ϊ̫Ӹ֪㣬Ҳ干ؾؾģԼǸʱҶܣҪǣҲҪǣ
ʱ֪ó֮Ӧֻ˵һ仰ΪŲԾ˵öˣʶһ㣬Ϊ֮ĪҲһСƢʧˣҲ֪ĺƽάϵ̫ˣµİ취İ취
֮֮ĹϵûҪһؾάϵĵزƵаҸȼ岻ڴʱս
ʱ֪٣ɡ
֮Ҽ̶ȣš
˵仰Ѷʯ㳹Ϩˡ
ʱ֪ȴ֪֮˵ôһСѾ췭ظ
͵˺֪֮Ӻй¶ˡ
ҳ,ɣ


81 
Сү⴫ϣٵүȥһˡ
ʱ֪΢, ʱˣʲô
ϣ٣ϣٲ֪, ƺҪ£үٹȥ
ʱ֪ٿ۴Ѷʯ룬ǽϣת뿪
û֣߳ŲãѶʯٴ
ʱ֪һ鷿, Ϳֳֻʱ, ʱϳǾȻڡ
ҾһЦôǹ磬λˡ
ʱ׵ӵķ磬û𣿡
˿ˮ磬ʱ֪Ȼ, ߵ, Цꣿ
ʱүҲһЦǱꡣ
ʱ֪΢㶣ʱ
ʱɫ֮һ£й¶ˡ
ʱ֪ʶܣ
ʱүֵǷ, ǽҪ۳һ³̣գܼҲۣƼҿ϶һš
ʱҲ׵ɣ֮ǰ˵ؾԼ뷨, ˵˵ɡ
ʱ֪ٳĬƬ, ̽ԵؽԼ뷨˵˳
ʱүһܣ
ʱүƽ͵֪, ʥ̵߽ܽ, Ȼ˽ƣؾƽҲԶĻǲ̸һ䣬Ϊ֮ƺ𣿡
ʱ֪ٴ֪޴
ʱүͷǶүһ䣬׼˵ɴӦʱ˵㶨Լأ
ʱ֪򴽣̫ӽãӦ£ǾͲ⡣
ʱү΢ؿʱʱ΢΢ͷʱ֪٣ղ˵ȥ̫˰ɣ˵
ʱ֪ٵŵͷˣͬ⡣
ʱүһĺӲŻ˵ĺӻˡ֮ìǧģһؾܻɸΪ񲯵ģοպؾ϶ؾҲǧַӵģΪԼԪӤԲˣ֮ϵĿɶȥˣ˵Ϊۣʮ㶼˼Ϻ꣡
ʱ֪Ŵû˵ʱүˣ춹ģⷬȻȴȷʵÿһ䶼ʵ
ʱүЩǶ֪ΪʱĹϵ廳⣬֪˶һѺõģҲֻؾʱң忪顣
ʱүҲ΢΢ף֪٣ҵ˱ˣɽҲˣҪ֮ؾʱңǿŸʱҽõļɶǿԵģ֮£㲻ˡ
ʱүҲ˼
ʱ֪ٿʱ
ʱ̾˿ɣ֪ʲô֮ʱ֮²У˵Щִˣܸ鷳
ʱ֪ٴ˼һ󣬵֪ˡ
ϣڶգҳְŸˮ鿣ϵǣʱ֪ٺʱôʱеͨ˵׺һϵˡ
ܼҼ̧ͷʱʱ壿
ʱ֪ʱû롣
ҳ,ɣ
ʱɫ΢ЦŶһԵĵӵ䲻֪Ϊζǿͣɡ
˵ʿҲ֪ʱҲû塣
ƼҼʱţȻΪ˺ؾʱĳ˿̾ʣؾ׼δ
Ӧڷ󣬵ĵ˼ƻҲûзһͬλȥ
һڼ֮Уʱᣬʱ漸ʮǰɽʧѾ䣬ûûбֳĵȴǴӵģȻҲû£ԼŰš
ʱ֪в죬ȴҲͬʱһɫ糣ЦƼֱԽֳΪؾѾʱˣ
ƼЦ΢٣ʱ֪٣ֶδؾڼ壿
ʱ֪Цùɣ֪ףΪҲ΢ô˻ԵȻϣֳгܣȻؾѰؾͬѾ˾飬ѾΪﵽ˱ϣҲ޷תؾĹȨ
ƼҼɬҲ˵ġ
ʱүȻɫȴʱɴЦ⣬ʱ֪ҲûʲôӦŰ
ʱ΢Цˣ޵ؾƺϿԣѡ֮˲ΪԼĪҲƵġ
ϣʱ֪ٴʱȥؾ֮ŵ֪ϢҲΪ֪һ㣬ʱһֱŵĲڷ¡
ʱ䣬ڸɫ죬ȴεü졣
ܼҼ˴Ĳº͵дһ˵ĳؾȴԽȤˣպֶؾٿĳҲҪȥ
ʱ֪ˬһЦαصպ󣬽վͿɡ
Ϊ仰˼ʱʱҵһ׷Լʱš
ӹϵˡ
ʱ΢Цϣ
ϵͷʱһ£ڰЦҴŴ̸ˣ
ƼҼЦһǴţⲻʵɨˡ
ɫһ֪뵽ʲôٿЦˣ˴ǰʵΪݷþѣݣʱǺ֪ͼֻ֮ǰ񷱶࣬ûüŰݷãˣˡ˵֣ӣ㲻һֱ˵λô˵Ǿòˡ
⻰һ䣬ֽŵҲǾòǰӲǻͬһȥ˺ؾ𣿡
ʱ֪ٽӤɵΪȡţֻڴһֱɽ߲ͬʦ˽ţȻؾһݾ֪ˡ
⻰һＸҼ۵׶ݡ
һȻǸûؾܹϷһݡֱ׳ʱңƼҺңıǼСҲһͬؾ˵зݣ֮ؾܹҪչһ°ɣ˿Ϻ꽫ʱҲȥؾһ˵ҲҪ룬Ǹ忪
ڶΪ϶ʱ֪ٵĳƺѵ֪ʱ֪ĿǰţȻһһֶΪĲԳʩѹ˳ϵȻ˿̺ſڱƣԵΪϲˡ
ճĬʱ֪ٿʹüվںʱ˴
˵ʱô겻䣬ôһѹţ벻䶼ѡʱƽԺ𣺡ˮҪϵ
ʱ֪ѾֳúؾĴʽʱóȻڣ»ʱҵļƻôῴϵ䣬ǿˣŸʱЩĴ
Ȼʱ֪ٲ˵ҲΪ⣬ʱ֮㻹δݼλˣʱȥ
ʱ򴽣ǡ
ۿʱһʱ֪ȭͷҪ֮ʱ֮ɤԶ
ʱӣǶɺ֮
ҳ,ɣ


82 
Լ
ٿسſڿȥ, ȴδӰ
Ǽ죬ʱʯȪʱ, ˲Ƭ̺, һѩӰ̤׶, λ׹£ϵ֮, ޷½ǣȴ졣
ˮ鿶һ˲侲ֱֹʱһ¡ŻȻ
֮Ȼ, Ŀⲻɨʱ֪٣ֲźۼƿ, ҵ˹ӭĺϣ᳣ź𱰽Сȴ۽硣
亹˲ϺϱԴѹø֪ͣ
˳ϣ֮㵽ΪֹҲٶ, תʱ, ΢ݣһҾղʱ¡
ʱ֪ʱ֪ٺͰ֮ϵ, ȻΪ, ʱ˿̺ϵĵȷʵҲļƻʵ᲻ӭֻ΢Цﻰ, 
˴˿Ҳ, ֮ĵȻ, һӶˡ
Ƽȷʣ̫ΪҪ飿
֮ƽ̧ؾԵ롣
ƼЦﶼ壬һƾʲô룿
֮ʣõĺؾΪ飿
Ƽҭסˣ˲üž
ʱ֪ٶһԶż͵Цʵû뵽֮սȻܽһƿԡ
ʱ۵Ҳһ˿Ц⣬漴һȻѾˣǱһҲá
Ƽղûס˿ЩҲסӣһ˦վǶˣΪʲôҪһһ飿
ʱ֪üһҪ˵Ϳֳ
ʱ΢Ц˵£ȴҲǼѵõĹۣνԶֺ̫ӵ޵ܵʦ֣ʱȻҲʱҵĿˣżλ⡣
Ƽ˵뿪Ȼ̣ʱҪ񵤣ֻΪЭȻȴû뵽ʱѹĲ磬˼ϣ˿ˣǱҡ
뵽ƼŭȴҲǫ̀£˵Ҳԣҵǲ̫ҲѧˣȻֻͬʦֵܣҲ°ɡ
һֱŵӴ˿ҲվֱˣƼԲӡؾ֮ɽǣһڣؾ׳Ժδδ֪ȻҲҪ顣
ʱ֪ٷֺ˵ʱ⾹ȻһֱƳ֮ЩЦС絽ʲôȻô
΢ӣԺȻְ֮Ĵؾһ£븸޷һ£Ǹ
ʱ֪٣ʱҾ֪ˣȻԾͰϺˡ
֮û뵽ʱ֪پȻ˿ЦһֱȭϥϵֲԾҲЩţҪģӦǵҸʵǴ˿̽ˣպǻ鷳
ʱ֪ٽû˵ĻӦ䣬԰ɡ
֮Ĭһ᲻ŵһ
ʱ֪ЩЦСôôѽ
֮΢㶣̧ʱ֪ٿȥ
ҳ,ɣ
ʱ֪ٳüؾʱ㱾ڣƼҺҶּۻֱۣ׳ˣ޲ֱӽؾ߲źã㵹ã˿ҪؾҵǸҴδ˿Ϊˣ
֮һؾѣֵá
ʱ֪پ㵣ؾк֮Ӧ֪˰ɣ㲻Ķ
֮Ҫ֮ˣҲҪ
ʱ֪һ㵣㵹ЦǴδ֮˰ȻЦڵǺ֪ʲôĶΪʲôĶˡ
֮ûлشΪϺƼ仰ĹѾͳ˽
ʱ֪һֱ֪ƼƢã˴Ȥ̳ӵĳƢȴû̳еӵ죬ΨһŵžǽƼ츳ӡ
ʹˣҲû뵽Ƽʱҵĵ𣬾˿˼ˡ
Ȼڳĺֻʱ֪ٳԾýָŵĺ϶ʮֵȻ
ʱƼлú˵
ҼܼҼƨɶŲһ£һŽ˵һԵ̧̧֣֣αһʶ
ҲؽƼʱΪ£ǰˡ
㣡ƼֱӾٽЦұɱ㣬Ҳֻǳˣʲôˣ
ôʱʱҵĵ˵ɵˣüԷ׷δüȥſӭӣɵͳ⣬Ƽ⽣ȻҲ̲ȥˡ
ʱ֪ٺͰ֮ͬʱһҾʦ𡣡
ɵŶ˵ͷλ·ޣЩʱ䣬¡
λȻǷ׷ױʾ⣬һһƼͺҲԻصԭλ
ɵһֱ⣺֪ٴѶң˵Ҫһͬȥؾҵˣ֪λǺθ룿
һᣬλ֮ǰʱ֪˵Ҫȥؾһ֮̽¡
ʱɡ
ʱ֪ٵͷԼ˵Ժ⡣
ī͸չ⣬ȴһƬԣɫ谵֣ʱϵӺͼλıʱ֪ٽһͬؾ
֮ͬǰһ㣬ؾûΣգֻľŨĵرֻǽȥһˣλᶨ˱ضҪؾľģʱʱ֪ٵ̬Ⱥ˲֪١
ܼҼһЦûԵؾĮؾܼ
ҼҲѵÿڣ֮ǰϴ˵û뵽徻
ʱֻʱ֪ٴִֿ˿صٻ˾飬ؾ޷һ½֮󣬱ʱ֪ٽ˶˳Ҳ»صá
ܼҼһҼǵϲ󷨣ܼұûУ˵󷨵ϹŹżûбܼȫѧϰ󷨣ҲܼѧϰԲ˽
ƼҼʾֻҪʱҶƼҿźؾպƼһɵҩȫʱҡ
ҼһֱûڣǺϵؾһƬ̣ôȽԶʱҳʱϵԶ֮ѡ
⻰һ䣬ڳ˶һ졣
ҳ,ɣ
⻰ǵõ׿ϲ˵ģôʱպ൱ܹ֮䣬ʱҲͬңл壬˵൱Ƕһ͵̽·ʯǴӦ¹صĲֻʱҺ壬塣
ʱ֪֮𣿡
֮Ҽٴ֮ԡ
ʱ֪٣ջӦҡ
֮ؾ忪ţԲǺ¡
ʱ֪٣Ƕ˵Ǻ°
֮ҶԣҲǺ¡
ʱ֪ٲ⣺ΪΣѾãѵĻ𣿡
֮Щ鲻ġ
ʱ֪֪֮ʲô޷ǾǺֳǵĵĲ࣬Ȼͬĵ飬ȴΪЩ޷
ȷʵ޷ƺϵ˭˵һƺߣ
˾ˣа֮߶׻Լ֮ˣһһҲ侲ֻҪǲԼôԼܾܳá
ȻֻԪӤԲΪ漫죬ټϺؾŨĵرڶ࣬˵Ҫ˼ܻ񡢶ɽ٣ǸʱҲʱΪƺ֮һѵ
ҪԴþһգҲпսһգϵڱУ˱粻ǡ嶼ҪĺؾǧѵõĻᣬ£պĻ
ʱ֪ǧذתһ˲űֳ֪ɵԿźؾһкο
ؾ֪ٵĻԵΪʦȴɵ룬ûλı飬ֻǺ֮ȳ֪ռؾȻ飬飬ʱҪʲô
ʱǶɵⷬԤϣɽ֮ˣһͬʣʱ֪ĵӣҲʱҵľ顣
ɵҲǶһ壬֪ʱ֪󲻽ʱҺͻңɽ
ʱ˼λȻҲ֪ܼҼЦĳҪؾʱܼҵӿţֻҪܼҵϵһűɣܼҿǩԼؾ֣ȡؾ
ܼ⻰Ƽɫ㲻ˡ
ܼ˻⣿ѵΪɱ˶ᱦ׼֮ͽ𣿡
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ƼҼؾȷʵһʱ֪ʥϵȴ̫õ˰
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ƼҼЦ֪ʥǰʱ涾ҩʯҽΨһĽҩƼҵˡ
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ʱƼҼ䣬ȴҲ֪ȥˣʵʵ˵ʥȷʵ˶Ѿòˣ˵ǵΪġ
ʱ֪û뵽ֳȻ¶ȥɽֹǶ֮ǰˣ
ʱһѮࡣʱ֪ߣ˽ҩʳǣʥûˡ
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ʱ֪ѾߵſڣԵĽҩ˾еĺζ
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ʱ֪ٶ˶ٵؾҸ˻ԵҶãʱң뼸λ޹ءȼλڣͽŵǵһַʽڶĴҵĵӿͬһʱؾؾʱҾϾҲҪչ
ܼҼʣ֪˵ʱָÿһΣһֿŶã
ʱ֪٣ǿģҪұչʱ
ƼҼû˵Դ֪Ƽʱҵû֮ɫһֱÿ
Ҽˬ죺ͬ⣬˵ʱȱľҿÿʱʯľͬʱҵӰؾҲӭʱҡ
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ܼҼĬһ󣬵ĳ֮ǰ˵Ķټܼҵļɱʱϵϵ״ȥܼҲΪ俪Ųһ
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ҺܼҶ˵ˣƼҼĬãƼұ֤ÿΪʱһżƷ鵤ԶϹŵе鵤ṩһɵҩʱϣ
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ʱ֪ٹǴؾȺ϶дĴʫѵʫдЩ϶ͻɱ𣿲ǲᣬؾһţǲнȥĿܣˣؾûˣǾˮһգ԰ЩˣΪ˶ʱҶҰˡмһЦ:Ȼ֪Щ˵ĿģֺαҪǵԸ
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ʱ֪ٷѾط˸Լת֮Ŷ׷ȥұ
Сӣ֪ΪҲ˼֣ССģǰͷҲص˻ͷ
ʱ֪ټ̣צϵָףһ̴ѥ˵ͷȻסͷͲ϶ˡ
ʱѾԼϾҪಡˡ
£ҡϰʱŪ
±ʱ֪ټֱǴ治ƴСİʱĵ׾ͲԾ𼸷ֶڵϲҲԾᣬץסʱ֪ʱߣ档
ʱ֪ٱŴĴֿ׺ŵɤŵëըסСڣſĲӣë޵ǿȻ
ʱ֪٣ǺС˶ʧܣڶҲֵģ


85 
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, ʱ֪ٻǰһΪӲͷƤ߳ԼסԺӡ
εĲۣһòӢ, ʱ֪٣ǻϵüشкס顪
ʱ֪٣ǡһ壿
껺ͷʮ
ʱ֪ҿ˿ǵأ
ʮ, 𣿡
¡ʱ֪һŤתԼСԺʰת, Ȼؽ, ºؾʱ
ҲʮӦ, ʱ֪ʰ߳һӲŷӦ, Դ, ׷ȥʱ֪ٵǵ, лͬ˵
ʱ֪뵽Լڰ֮ﻹĻ, һ, ˰˵Ҫһ
˵ʮӦֱӾͲӰ
Ⱥ, ʱ֪ٲ˿ַʮ·һͨǳ, ϵдţʳǡ
ʱ֪ûǳأӡ, ΪѵõԶʳǣŴ, ȴȫȫɷĳǳء
ʱ֪ڳڹһȦ, ˼Ҿ¥, СڽΪο壿
СŲһ٣˿Χѹɾʳ֪⼸ǱˣҲ֪ʲô˺ЩˣЩ䲻ɾӣСһ䣬컹ûڣϽ߰ɡ
ʱ֪٣Ǳָ
С°ͳ̧̧ʱҡ
ʱ֪΢УʱңҾǴӽģôûʱк춯
Сҡͷǵ˭֪أԴɾ˺ؾ֮ͷĴԱԽԽ࣬ʱϵӵŰҲ˵ˣۺʳ߻ʵԶģûӦʱʲôһ仰顣
ʱ֪٣֪Щʱϵĵӣ
СǶ˵ҴҲʱϵӵ£ǼһҲʱϵİ
ʱ֪ٴ֮ԶҲûϣǷ˳ǳأ˵ʱϵӻĿԼС
Сʱŵضѵɾ⻰˵ǰ·һɾһģһǧǵòҪ˵ˣɾʱ˵ǻͱʱϵˣСۿȺʱϵӴɾˡ
ʱ֪٣ɾô˵ûʱϵҲûĻΪλᱻץס
Сһ㶣⡭Сô֪ʱϵȻץ˭ץ˭ˡ
ʱ֪ҪʣͼϤһӣ׷ȥ
Ȼû׷Զ͸еؿڵĴѶʯ̣Ϊǰ֮ţԥ˰óѶʯֻǻûüѶϢһԶص˷
ҳ,ɣ
ǻʵްʱŻײ
еİնĹʱ֪ٵɫ䣬ʳǸȥ
ʿ˵ǧȻʱ֪ȴԪӤԲʳʳ̫Զҹ̣Ҳǵڶղŵʳǡ
ʳǵĴСѾ˰ᦣֵ䣬ɫҴңϲɫ
ʱֱֳ֪ӽ˹ٹ٣ʱҲڵڣʱ֪٣ƣ˾˿ĸͷɡ
ʱ֪㶵ؿ˫ĿյˣŰǰЦ˵ҪΪӹڵ˾ȥˡ
ӵ¡
˵ĺʱ֪٣ܿ˹˵ݹ棬ϥڵϣѹ۵׵ıɤʣ˾Ρ
˵Ļȴ˲δ֮⣬һߵ̫ҽϥǰش𣺡ص£֮ǰо綾˽ҩͣڵʱ̫ãվӰ壬ǰոȾ纮һֱܺãúúýţ񷱶࣬඾ͻȻ͡
ʱ֪ٿתͷ˾еľǺζ
̫ҽͷأŲ
ʱ֪ٲʲôתͷʱ
ʱǱߵĶҩ֮ǰδֹʱδ
ʱ֪٣Ľҩ
ʱĬһ պ˵
ʱ֪ٻܣٹȫظףһӡ
Ψ̫׵£ʥ˻δ¼λѡڻʳǶһ󡣡

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Ȼؾؿʱ֪ڻиҪҪһ޾ȴǾԲܼ̳лλģٹһһȥ鷿۴ҲδЭһֱµ
գµ֮⣬ֳʱԼԼҵĻ׹ݡ
ʱ֪ٲλһεȻҪѡȻѡȴҲûʲôΪʱٰ֪֮Ե۾֪ܼ̳дҵһӣԺ롣
飬ʵҲ߸ˡ
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ٴ뿪ʳǣ֮󣬺ؾҲòˡ
ҳ,ɣ


86 

ݵҹ, ֣һʮ˽˺ؾ
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ʱ֪ʱϵˣס, ʮ֮ģᱻͳȥ
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ǺؾڶοһֿʱŵĵһѮʱҲֻؾΧ̽˴룬ȴջĵر, һҵĵͻʱһƺ֮
ˣһؾ, ʿʱ֪ٵ֮ͲΧͣ, ȥ
һĹ, ʱ֪߳ʱϵӾֻʣˡ
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˵നɴ, ʱ֪Щ곣һ, ˹ϵһֱ
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ȣһͬһɡ
ʱ֪٣ҼǵҪͽϷһƬͲ飬ȥɡ
ȳƬ̣µ, ´Ѷҡ
ʱ֪ٵͷת, 뵽ʲô, ס, һöɫľ׹˹ȥ, ڣƬӻùЩ
Ȼ̧Ǻ衭
ʱ֪ٴ㲻Ƕδͻƣ׹һ֮ȥɡ
׹һҾ֪֮ͼʮ
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뿪ʱ֪ʦܵСүǺīô⽻ˣ
ʦüɼˣīҲҪģСүˣ˴ĿǺá
ʱ֪ҡͷīͨġ˵֣ǶԼȥѰԼĻԵɣҸطϢϢ
ʱϵջ뿪ˡ
ʱ֪ٶѣ˺ԶҲ˷紵ĶԻ
Сүʱܴʥް߳þûЦˡ
˵Ҳδҵʥ涾ľԴСүһܣΪɡ
֪ǺζĽҩأ
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ʱ֪ٴԺֳֳ︡ƣɫǿŵҩھ˾кζҲһֱڲ飬֮ǰδһΪ˾Ѿ˽ҩΪ֣ɣֳὫĻ֮˾
ֳ˵ңǾ˾жѾ࣬ܵĺǣҪȥĶң֮ǰ鵽ңԼȥ飡
ʱ֪٣ʱٿ棺׼֣ûУ
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վ£ɫǣɣ漰
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һֱӳ֮ǰͰ֮˽ʱôҲ޷ĹΧ
ϴҲ룬ȴӾ鴦֪Ǻؾ˵Ĺʱ֪ڱϿҲ޷빬
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ŰգΪھҪؾ
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ʱ֪٣СүǷʲôˣ
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ʱ֪٣г£ұȥһˡ
ָļʿǽŰհԼ˵õʮգǰȥѵΥԼ
ʱ֪һȵ䣬һߵ³һؿؾ
еʿ˵һ۱㲻˵ˡҲʿͬ⣺ؾ˵õĿһξͿʮգҲȫ׼Žģ˽ԻʱҲװɡ
ʱ֪ҵȵ䣬ٺǷϻһ͵ߡ
ȴ˿ϼӶţƺΪʲôȻʱ֪ûʱʣ֣׹ҡ
ȼʱ֪ͻȻ֣µ֪ôᡭ
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ʱ֪ۼԽԽ࣬ļ֮ҲԽԽأֱӴֵҡ
Ȼû˵ʿȵҪˣ֮벻ɣ˲´ϡ
ؿʱ֪٣֪֣ٵһֻҪշ֮ұ㽫׹㡣
ʱ֪ļ٣ﻹܵȥʱʱϵӺ֮ǰۼǳϪԵĵҲк֮׷Ĵ
ҳ,ɣ
ʱϵӶȵ콲īүʱϼǴ£
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ʿˣؾʱǰֺԼģ˵ǰǰʮ֮Ȼ⿪Ķ
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ϵЦǵû˺Ҳûаҩ裬ʱ֪ٺʱϵʧǼöвҪҩȷʵ徭ֻʱʧˣؾֻʮգʧװ˷ʮջץʱѰһԵҪؿǰ
ʱ֪˽ҪڷȻؿڵʹȴһһ˿Ѿþȫסǿڣ¾Ҫйˡ
Ӳ˵ϵӵһЦˣѾ˴ˣλͬǾȥѰԼĻԵɣൢһ̶˷ѡ
ϵ˵ĻӶҡ
˴׼뿪ʱȴƳһֻѪҺɽʱ֪ٵ֮ϡ
ѽ䲻ãôҲƷԷ֮޷𣬸ղһҲǺľȫܻӶ˿ȫޡȻʱ˿̣¶ӡ
ʱ֪˽ѪҺδڲݵϣ΢˫ɨˣʱ֪ڴģؾرʧʱ䣬պض˫뿪պؾٿ޾һϯ֮ء
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Ȼʱ֪ȴǶĻᣬֱӻӽָȣҵī
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ʱ֪֮ǰλЩԼС˼ȴΪʱΪ츳ܶ˰ۣƽﻹڷ̤ʵģ˿ȴֻԼۣǰһˡ
ԸίߣҲٵֱһ䣬Ҫе׹ء
Ȼȴˣ̬֪ѾвԭΪԼ࣬ȻǲҺʱ֪ӲӲģ˿֮·ǰʱ֪Ѿ¶ƣá
֮һܣ֪֣ҩڣҪǿʹˡ
⻰һʱ֪ٱҧأ׼ĺ˵ʿģ³ʱ֪Χ˹
ҳ,ɣ
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ѵһʱ֪Ľ䵽˵ϣҲΪ֧ϥء
Ѿľڸ ﴢе˿ȫޣµϥصƣҪĿ־ܲԼ¡
ؿڵѾٷ̣ʱ֪ٵļȴΪĽʣָץʧȥ֮󣬸ԵֿദϯȫʹȻʹĵ׵Ŀ־ȴԱ侲ΪؿڵƣѾˡ
ˣʲô
ֳƽʱֻ˵Ƿ̾ǼˣҪϻظˮ鿣ȴû˵Ѵʲô
ʱ֪ԺʵԼʲôȥ룬ֻȫΧͼǳƱҩԷסľ
Ҳĺѣô겻ͻҲǿϾͻΪѣӦΪ˲Ŷԡ
ʿĻڶߣʱ֪ȴо˺Զһ㣬޷塣
ۼ壬ھÿһҩԡָоڹڴ̣ȴƻǹ棬һһߵֵϮÿһ綼ˣλˣʹ
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Ȳʱ֪ٲԾģߵʱϵ
ڲݵϵѪҺ־£Сүû°ɣ
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˶Ѱҵʱ֪٣ѾΨһһŶ㴫͵Ĵͷվ˸ˮ鿵Ľǰ
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¶һߣɫֵĹϯض˯ϣͬ˾ţٿص
ճѪҺȾĵѥ棬ʱµһǧĿǰʱ֪˫Ŀɺ죬ڴڵشҲƽӿϺͷĶġ
ſڵϣŲӣҪ³ЩʲôȴʲôҲû³
Աһ𣺡δ㾹˯š
ʱ֪ű˲ֱ˲ǣǸү֪ٴˡ
ү俴δ֮Уһǧˡ
ʱ֪ٺͷסۿ⣬ԵҲ˯ˡ
֪٣ү㡣ү̾˿סʱ֪ٵļ򣬲ʱֻʣˣûΪҲԶˣǽʣѪúúûš
ԴӾȻүһʱ׺ԹһʱȰºͣԼ֪Լ˵Щʲô
ãȻεĲģʱ֪ټסˮջĨȥϵˮ۵ɺ죺үģҪ֪ΪɩֶΪʱǧҶҪɱˣв뵱֮ˣһ鵱ʱ֮࣡
үãȻһӣЦˣʱ֪ٵͷͬʱʱǵӦүĻɱǡ
ʱ֪ĨȥˮǰָʱǱģвʱŲҰ֮˸ٱǧĴۣɱʱ֮ˣʱǱ㲻úֻء
үٿؽ𣬻ļ򾪻ŵ˺ݶԣ㲻ˣҪúûŰ
ʱ֪վˣסֱۣһһүģδɱЩ֮ǰҾ
ҳ,ɣ


87 

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˽֪Ĵʱ䲻Ը, ȴǸɵй, ҥ˵, ʱ֮ҼܹⶼƥС
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ЩóһݸλܣʱϵĲر¥Уֺֹټ
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ԲرЩƷ, ʱϵϵһ汲, ͷ, Ϊ, κһμҲҲۣͬȻǲТ
ʱϵĻѾ˾˵ĳ̶ȣ˶ʱϵҲڴ˿̱
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ڸˮ鿵Ĳر¥ȻʱһȻʱûһμɵģһ֮£ʱرѾؾ֮࣬ص˵ϡڸ
ʿڸɹӤӡȻ֮ڸ˵ͺôˣʱϲһ
ʱĳһμԴƳһѿԲۿκοռĴ֮󣬱쿪ؿʼѰҸܳĵطֱĳǴҿԼڸͿʼڸ֮·
һοʼ֮ÿһμ͵ϵ·ֱǰʱϼҲʱ֪ٺʱ游ڳɹڸ
֮ʱϵϵѪͻõһԷڸļƷÿͻһ׾ͿԶһһ㵽ڣÿλʱϵϵļƷҲֻʱҵϵ֪ɱﵣؼʱ̿Ա
Ҳˣʱ֪ٲŸӲ⣬ôܹһϦ֮ɱʱǧˣүֳıò
ֱ˻ݾ
ʱĪֳϵİˮ...
ˮ֮⣬澵ҲǾݽ֪
澵˼ƷƶǷǣɽΪʿаޡħޡ嶼ǰ޴ΣԤͷá
龵ӣΪһֱδλϵѪѡǷ˲ر¥Ų㡣˲֪ǣ澵һ飬һԣһݾʱ֪ʱһѡļƷ
ݾҲֻҪ·֮أܽھ֣֣ܽ뾵Уݻݾ˵Ըлݵκγ
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еһУʱ֪ԼҲЩʱµĲͬ
ΨһܹݵףҲһڲڲǳų΢ʱϢƻ˽磬˸ˮ鿣˱ͷ֣ڲͬĽγ󷨣һ̴˸ˮ鿡
ȵʱͷʱʱѾȫ޷תˣֻ׸
ʱ֪ŰƵģǳһһ顣
Щһͱһˣĵؿڣ׵쵶̼ǵӾûϢЩϢɩԺУһֳȴϱɩɩ˵סѪҺһأǺһ̲ɣ߳ŭɩɩĶƤֳĿѵıؽ˽ȥڶһ㾾Ҫµֶ
ӤʱССֽŷϸֳɺ˫ĿٽǺ˴ȥ˺ȴûֶܴ˴ԼǼɵֳֳ򶷣㽫еŭйССһϡ
Ѫ⡢ѪȻֹĿһҹһҹĳʱ֪ٵجΡ
ҵ֮ǰ㣬һһ飬߲ݵؽݾڣظؾŸˮ鿷һУһһεؿǺɱɩɩֶſ˫۵ǰȴֻܷź˵ĽؿڣҲ䵽ɩɩֶϡ
Իʱ֪һһΣҵһϸڣмϵζŵһζ֮γһּΪζ
һ֤յõ˴𰸡
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ǵҩɫζһζ֮һɼΪζҲżʱ֪ٶг̶ڳˣԲ˳
ʱʱ֪ںؾʱŵζ˿ڸˮҲŵˣټ֮ǰƼʿ赲뿪ؾľʲôף
󷨣ôεݣҲҵһ˿ϤУܼҵܲпһ󷨸ı䷨󷨱Ϊۼ;裬ܼҽΪ˾ۼ̡
һδظʱ֪ҲԲǰ󷨾ȻǾı
ϸļƻѹϺ޿֣οʵĴ


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Զ, ܼҡ
޽еŵɣЩһ, Ϊ·, ɫ԰׶Ĭꡣ
ܼʱ֪ԱǴ֮󣬾һֱĬԵģ̾˿º͵֪, Ѿȥһʱ, ҲҪڰ
ʱ̧֪ûʲô飺ġ
䲻, Ѿƽ, Щʶô, λǻ˼ﲻ̵ܿʹʹ
ܼƼһĵ׽, ʱ֪ȵؽһܲߵʲôû, ֳǿҵĳ̬ȣҪʱ֪֪Щʲô, ԼЩִģӦ
Ͼô˵ʱ֪ٱҵ롱ʱ, ҲԸġ
΢΢һЦ, ˿ղŵĶײ, ºͶݵ˵, Ҿͺϵ, Ҳ֪٣㲻öܲôִֻܲ˵պκҪæĵطܲͰܲԼҵĳ֪𣿡
ʱ֪û˵ɫĮ
ֻܲεЦЦʱһλڿλõ˵鰡⸡ˮ鿳Ҳôһˣʱؾֻ˰գ˵Ĳȴδ֣ôģ
ʱ֪۽΢ˣȻЦһʸλ
һ㶣漴߳ŭű裬СӺ
ʱ֪ޱ飬ȴİҼǵŲԪӤڣȴСӣ治֪˭
ʱ֪ȴߴջأɨĴŵϰˣ޲ʱֻʣˣʥҲڼǰްţ˵Ҳúλʲô𱰳ףҲһҸ˵ʱ֪СӲ̣ܽȵۺֳߵмֲ֪ߵغǾһҵ⣬ڮҵļˣұƴȫģҲҪܲͱƣػ᲻䴩
˵Żһתʱ֪ٵĿٴλصϣҲƽϳ𱰣ӣ²ǵֻҪҸȥҲ۵ĵǸʲô뷨Ϊ˶ס֮ڣͻڣ裬֪
ǳɫҲǡҸûڮȵۣ
ʱ֪תܼܼҲ
ܼﰵһȵۣǲ浽ǶҲҪӭģˣϳȥ
ܼѸӣ뽫ߡ
šʱ֪˵£һߵ˱ǰ
˿̱ܼҵץס˫ۣۿʱ֪١
ʱ֪٣ڮȵۣնȵʴȣ˼ƽϣҲТɱˣֻСʹ룬λӦòɣ
ܼû뵽ʱ֪ٻᵱ沵ľ²ݣȴҲ֮Уʱ֪ʲôݣ޳ʥϣģ
˵ˣеƢ͹һʱ۲ϵġ
뵽ܼЦЦ֪
ʱ̧֪֣ģֻǰһʱ֪پѾ˰⣬ɫţΪҪʱͼ˹΢һֻ۾衣
΢㵣ǡ
ҳ,ɣ
&n bsp;ŷֱֱӱͷǽϣľ֡
ܼҵǽɲͨǽñȾʯϻӲֵľҵƾžŰʮһ󷨶ɵǽ棬Уɽڴȫһֵֵܵǽ
˾۾ǲβҰսս
һߣʱ֪ȴ·֪Լʲôźû˿ʼƽ޲йֽڣüһ·ڲûбԴٳһ֧
ۿ칭ŵæܼȣܼңʱ֪ٷˣ
ܼҪڣ֧ȴø죬ѵһ£ûб裬ˣӦ˵䣬͸ķϱۣ޴ñתܼı˸ת
˼ʱ֪УЦһҲˣ͵ǿţڶҲ̫Զ˰ɣôӣʹ䣬Ƥⶼû˵ܼͬʱϿưɡ
ͬȴͬɫЩҵǾã
׼ֻδ˵ڣͼһεļڵͿգббڴ˶Ҫƫڵʱֻб˫ȸԽԽѾоɱ⡣

һҽУ˵߶ۼ
֮һֻԱϥᴩϥϥһŵòܼҵӶ֡
һϥײ亹ӱͷ䣬۵һ¶ңֻſڵϣ
˿̣ʱ֪˹ɤĴСʹ룬еҲ
̤ãھݵķȵĹķλ
ܼű˼ʱʱ֪ٵܼȻܼСסӦ׼ҵԺɣ
ܼعЦȻ
ʱ֪һףǱ˴·ɡ
˵ʱⶼûһ±裬ɫ䵭ģɻλǧ谮һү˶˳ڱͽģȻҲ֮Ժ󣬲мһˡ
ܼȴΪ̬ȱø˵Ϊ˸еϲƼһʱ֪Զܼ󷨸ӣѰѽѳΪɰܼңΪĲǴʱ֪Ƕõĺô
ҡ뵽ʱ֪ٵ츳ܼҼ΢˵Ҳ츳׿Ǳʱ֪ٻǲ˵㣬ʱѾûˣʥʱҵ¶ûܣֻ˼
ʹοʣҲʱ֪٣ʱʱ֪ʱ̣ܼ׽νǰһ
˼ת䣬ܼҼʱЦˣºͣȻ׼ˣԺӺܴ󣬲ò֪ϲ⣬ȥʲôֱӺ˵ǧҪܲ
ʱ֪ٵӦһҲûУֱˡ
һֱվܼS״ɫѿһ·ȻصԼ鷿̲סܼףʱ֪֮ǰҲֻѷ˰ˣ˵ѷ˲缦αضǨͣ
˭֪һʮֺĸȴȻŭ޴֪֪ŵĺؾ㹻κһοʱǲر¥ĶЩѰ⣬˭֪ϻ˶ٶҼˣʱһҪʱ֪ٵĺøУ׽ܼң֪֪
һߣܼҵӽʱ֪ٴһŵǰ۹ סˡ
ʱ̧֪һȦԺ伫󣬳⣬мССɢ䣬ԺйӶȻɽʯˮïһŰ
ҳ,ɣ
ȥɡ
ӣԣ¿ʱ
˵꣬ת뿪ˡ
ʱ֪߽֮Уܵˬ¶ȣ۵ȴһ˿񣬽Źϣּһڵʩ֮Ų󷨣ϵү
үƺһֱţմѶǱ߾ͻشˣΣ
ʱ֪ٽ﷢򵥽£Ӧûлɡ
Դڻݾ֪ʱҪΪơҲʱ֪پͼƻһУܼץסֻһүԼһͬ븡ˮ鿵ļʱϵӷֿˣԶķߣүһʱӦһȥݹ۲ϵĶ
Ȼʱ֪ٸ¶ʱӱѶֻǱߵϢٻȵʱ֪ٶܼϺһлˣǱ߲ŵõϢ˸ԶĵӣҴҸ
ͬʱ֪Ԥһ㣬ܼƼһ롱ܼңôܰһ裬Ƽ˽غѸپͽʱ֪סܼ¶
ʱ֪£ӴóϺõĲߣ˹赹衣
үĲɫҲƽ
ҷޱ䣬˿̵ʱ֪پȻЩʱӰӣ侲
ʱ֪ٺ˿ڲ裬ȵڶʱü΢豭£ˡ
үжϴѶɣ
ͶӰĴѶʯʱ֪ٺʱ˵뷨֮ʱƳģֻ⴫Ѷʯ˵ͶӰȴҪ˫ƼѾɽڣѰʿУүʱ֪ٺϵ֡
ʱ֪ȴ˿Ϊ⣬´ƼһѾ֪ҾסܼˣƼȻҲ֪һ㣬ү£Զ뱻ܵĵطģ
үĬһ˲ȵʵļ̳ѡʱ
ү˶ʥ̫㣬ʥϵʱ˵ǶԵġ
ʱ֪ٵĶһ٣û˵
үҲ̾˿ϴ˵ʱ֪ûʸ˯ʱ֪پҲû߹㷢⺢ӿĴ֣ʵܶʱҲϸ壬ͺܶһʱ֮ȥҲܽ¡
Ϊʱϱһ£ʱǵǸ֮ϣʱ֪ٴ˽ԱǵģպϽ硣Ͻ绹ʱ汲Ҳǹһˣ˵ܷ´¡
˿ȴ֣ʱ֪ٻ޷߳
ʱ֪仹СʢҲִ֣һҪ𣬽еȫ˸ϣ֮⣬ҲûκӰҡ
ĳװȥʱĴѰʱ֪ٵ̫Ӻʱʱȥ㽫¸ʱ֪٣û˿ϵȴҲһЩο壬ȴûϣʱ֪˵ү֮ʱ壬źؾ壬о˾˺ֳʱͬǩԼҲɴ˿̵ĴϵǣֻΪҲΪǴȥΣգպټˣ㵱ûɡ
ʱ֪˵⻰ʱү˾ڼǰʱ鷿ʱ֪ٻ緢ǵ֮ʱ˵׽Σʱ֪еöˣ֮ǺѣʱֵܣҾͬǹϵãҲϣָܻϣָ˿ʼ
ʱүֻЩػ ƣɴʱ˿̣֪ʱ֪ٱκ˶ͨ͸ʱʮݴʲôʱ˿̣Ҳޱ˽ԼĴΪ˴ȥʲôԵϡ
ʱ֪ٲ֪þóĬŵүʲôųʶ͵ǱߵĶ
Ԥ֮еģܼƼ⣬ɢ˵ʱЩ˺󣬾ͽƼһ俴ͺܰȫصķ
ҳ,ɣ
ϧ׼ʱ֪١
һӱ㿪ʼѣܻ®º⣿
ܼ˿壬º͵ƲȲҪҽ͡
ܼȻмֱģ˵˵
ҵʱ֪ʱһ˳ڽͷʱǼӶڣ˵˵ʱҲڣһΡ
棺ŶΣͻȻ棬ʱ¶˿ڣΣһǧٶǶɱˣһСӴŵĲбܽ
ܼȻºͣȻǲµģؾƲǵĿĲɱʱϵˣΪ˽ʱ֪õؾɫû֮ǰô䣬ǣʱ֪ҶӴӲ֮ǰȵֳŻţƢúҲҵúܣֱؾضӦؾѾһΪ鲻Ϊȫǰһб㶼׷ˡ
˿̣ƼҲ׷ѣʱҲرôණܹ
׬ˡ
죡ǳ˶ӣƼ
ƼЦЦȻʱ֪ٳӲǱ㻳Ǹã
ֻܼң
ƼƲ֮ǰͻĵںؾסǽƼң𣿡
Ҳǽ͡
ܿ죬ʱ֪ҲǲУҿɲóԺúźŵҪؾ׸ȷ޷ǱҸʱ֪ٳʵ
ܼ˼ǣ
ЦһҲ֪ܼηļң󷨵󷨣ɵʲô󷨣֪󷨲УҲƼſܵ˵ţֱվޣÿ㡣
ܼͷߡ
˼ͻȻתͷУʱϲرĶĿƷʶԣǵӣʱ֪СӽŵЩ³
ܼЦİɡ
ڱصõˡ
һߣʱ֪Щȴû˿ӦԴӵ֪Ϻ¾ʱźʲô鶼ó֪ͶΣգΪһ˴㡣
ȻƼҺܼȴĺ޷˵м
ʱ֪˲ߣߵſڣܼҵӣȥ䡣
Ȼ͵õ˷Ըʱ֪˵Ҳû˿⣬ش·롣
ʱ֪һף
ʶԶ룬ÿӵ·߶£ڸݾڷٻԭÿһ顣
ʱ̧֪Զֻջߡ
һһҲܵһһֻߣ
ҳ,ɣ
 ԰ͬ


88 
һ
Զ, ܼҡ
޽еŵɣЩһ, Ϊ·, ɫ԰׶Ĭꡣ
ܼʱ֪ԱǴ֮󣬾һֱĬԵģ̾˿º͵֪, Ѿȥһʱ, ҲҪڰ
ʱ̧֪ûʲô飺ġ
䲻, Ѿƽ, Щʶô, λǻ˼ﲻ̵ܿʹʹ
ܼƼһĵ׽, ʱ֪ȵؽһܲߵʲôû, ֳǿҵĳ̬ȣҪʱ֪֪Щʲô, ԼЩִģӦ
Ͼô˵ʱ֪ٱҵ롱ʱ, ҲԸġ
΢΢һЦ, ˿ղŵĶײ, ºͶݵ˵, Ҿͺϵ, Ҳ֪٣㲻öܲôִֻܲ˵պκҪæĵطܲͰܲԼҵĳ֪𣿡
ʱ֪û˵ɫĮ
ֻܲεЦЦʱһλڿλõ˵鰡⸡ˮ鿳Ҳôһˣʱؾֻ˰գ˵Ĳȴδ֣ôģ
ʱ֪۽΢ˣȻЦһʸλ
һ㶣漴߳ŭű裬СӺ
ʱ֪ޱ飬ȴİҼǵŲԪӤڣȴСӣ治֪˭
ʱ֪ȴߴջأɨĴŵϰˣ޲ʱֻʣˣʥҲڼǰްţ˵Ҳúλʲô𱰳ףҲһҸ˵ʱ֪СӲ̣ܽȵۺֳߵмֲ֪ߵغǾһҵ⣬ڮҵļˣұƴȫģҲҪܲͱƣػ᲻䴩
˵Żһתʱ֪ٵĿٴλصϣҲƽϳ𱰣ӣ²ǵֻҪҸȥҲ۵ĵǸʲô뷨Ϊ˶ס֮ڣͻڣ裬֪
ǳɫҲǡҸûڮȵۣ
ʱ֪תܼܼҲ
ܼﰵһȵۣǲ浽ǶҲҪӭģˣϳȥ
ܼѸӣ뽫ߡ
šʱ֪˵£һߵ˱ǰ
˿̱ܼҵץס˫ۣۿʱ֪١
ʱ֪٣ڮȵۣնȵʴȣ˼ƽϣҲТɱˣֻСʹ룬λӦòɣ
ܼû뵽ʱ֪ٻᵱ沵ľ²ݣȴҲ֮Уʱ֪ʲôݣ޳ʥϣģ
˵ˣеƢ͹һʱ۲ϵġ
뵽ܼЦЦ֪
ʱ̧֪֣ģֻǰһʱ֪پѾ˰⣬ɫţΪҪʱͼ˹΢һֻ۾衣
΢㵣ǡ
ҳ,ɣ
&n bsp;ŷֱֱӱͷǽϣľ֡
ܼҵǽɲͨǽñȾʯϻӲֵľҵƾžŰʮһ󷨶ɵǽ棬Уɽڴȫһֵֵܵǽ
˾۾ǲβҰսս
һߣʱ֪ȴ·֪Լʲôźû˿ʼƽ޲йֽڣüһ·ڲûбԴٳһ֧
ۿ칭ŵæܼȣܼңʱ֪ٷˣ
ܼҪڣ֧ȴø죬ѵһ£ûб裬ˣӦ˵䣬͸ķϱۣ޴ñתܼı˸ת
˼ʱ֪УЦһҲˣ͵ǿţڶҲ̫Զ˰ɣôӣʹ䣬Ƥⶼû˵ܼͬʱϿưɡ
ͬȴͬɫЩҵǾã
׼ֻδ˵ڣͼһεļڵͿգббڴ˶Ҫƫڵʱֻб˫ȸԽԽѾоɱ⡣

һҽУ˵߶ۼ
֮һֻԱϥᴩϥϥһŵòܼҵӶ֡
һϥײ亹ӱͷ䣬۵һ¶ңֻſڵϣ
˿̣ʱ֪˹ɤĴСʹ룬еҲ
̤ãھݵķȵĹķλ
ܼű˼ʱʱ֪ٵܼȻܼСסӦ׼ҵԺɣ
ܼعЦȻ
ʱ֪һףǱ˴·ɡ
˵ʱⶼûһ±裬ɫ䵭ģɻλǧ谮һү˶˳ڱͽģȻҲ֮Ժ󣬲мһˡ
ܼȴΪ̬ȱø˵Ϊ˸еϲƼһʱ֪Զܼ󷨸ӣѰѽѳΪɰܼңΪĲǴʱ֪Ƕõĺô
ҡ뵽ʱ֪ٵ츳ܼҼ΢˵Ҳ츳׿Ǳʱ֪ٻǲ˵㣬ʱѾûˣʥʱҵ¶ûܣֻ˼
ʹοʣҲʱ֪٣ʱʱ֪ʱ̣ܼ׽νǰһ
˼ת䣬ܼҼʱЦˣºͣȻ׼ˣԺӺܴ󣬲ò֪ϲ⣬ȥʲôֱӺ˵ǧҪܲ
ʱ֪ٵӦһҲûУֱˡ
һֱվܼS״ɫѿһ·ȻصԼ鷿̲סܼףʱ֪֮ǰҲֻѷ˰ˣ˵ѷ˲缦αضǨͣ
˭֪һʮֺĸȴȻŭ޴֪֪ŵĺؾ㹻κһοʱǲر¥ĶЩѰ⣬˭֪ϻ˶ٶҼˣʱһҪʱ֪ٵĺøУ׽ܼң֪֪
һߣܼҵӽʱ֪ٴһŵǰ۹ סˡ
ʱ̧֪һȦԺ伫󣬳⣬мССɢ䣬ԺйӶȻɽʯˮïһŰ
ҳ,ɣ
ȥɡ
ӣԣ¿ʱ
˵꣬ת뿪ˡ
ʱ֪߽֮Уܵˬ¶ȣ۵ȴһ˿񣬽Źϣּһڵʩ֮Ų󷨣ϵү
үƺһֱţմѶǱ߾ͻشˣΣ
ʱ֪ٽ﷢򵥽£Ӧûлɡ
Դڻݾ֪ʱҪΪơҲʱ֪پͼƻһУܼץסֻһүԼһͬ븡ˮ鿵ļʱϵӷֿˣԶķߣүһʱӦһȥݹ۲ϵĶ
Ȼʱ֪ٸ¶ʱӱѶֻǱߵϢٻȵʱ֪ٶܼϺһлˣǱ߲ŵõϢ˸ԶĵӣҴҸ
ͬʱ֪Ԥһ㣬ܼƼһ롱ܼңôܰһ裬Ƽ˽غѸپͽʱ֪סܼ¶
ʱ֪£ӴóϺõĲߣ˹赹衣
үĲɫҲƽ
ҷޱ䣬˿̵ʱ֪پȻЩʱӰӣ侲
ʱ֪ٺ˿ڲ裬ȵڶʱü΢豭£ˡ
үжϴѶɣ
ͶӰĴѶʯʱ֪ٺʱ˵뷨֮ʱƳģֻ⴫Ѷʯ˵ͶӰȴҪ˫ƼѾɽڣѰʿУүʱ֪ٺϵ֡
ʱ֪ȴ˿Ϊ⣬´ƼһѾ֪ҾסܼˣƼȻҲ֪һ㣬ү£Զ뱻ܵĵطģ
үĬһ˲ȵʵļ̳ѡʱ
ү˶ʥ̫㣬ʥϵʱ˵ǶԵġ
ʱ֪ٵĶһ٣û˵
үҲ̾˿ϴ˵ʱ֪ûʸ˯ʱ֪پҲû߹㷢⺢ӿĴ֣ʵܶʱҲϸ壬ͺܶһʱ֮ȥҲܽ¡
Ϊʱϱһ£ʱǵǸ֮ϣʱ֪ٴ˽ԱǵģպϽ硣Ͻ绹ʱ汲Ҳǹһˣ˵ܷ´¡
˿ȴ֣ʱ֪ٻ޷߳
ʱ֪仹СʢҲִ֣һҪ𣬽еȫ˸ϣ֮⣬ҲûκӰҡ
ĳװȥʱĴѰʱ֪ٵ̫Ӻʱʱȥ㽫¸ʱ֪٣û˿ϵȴҲһЩο壬ȴûϣʱ֪˵ү֮ʱ壬źؾ壬о˾˺ֳʱͬǩԼҲɴ˿̵ĴϵǣֻΪҲΪǴȥΣգպټˣ㵱ûɡ
ʱ֪˵⻰ʱү˾ڼǰʱ鷿ʱ֪ٻ緢ǵ֮ʱ˵׽Σʱ֪еöˣ֮ǺѣʱֵܣҾͬǹϵãҲϣָܻϣָ˿ʼ
ʱүֻЩػ ƣɴʱ˿̣֪ʱ֪ٱκ˶ͨ͸ʱʮݴʲôʱ˿̣Ҳޱ˽ԼĴΪ˴ȥʲôԵϡ
ʱ֪ٲ֪þóĬŵүʲôųʶ͵ǱߵĶ
Ԥ֮еģܼƼ⣬ɢ˵ʱЩ˺󣬾ͽƼһ俴ͺܰȫصķ
ҳ,ɣ
ϧ׼ʱ֪١
һӱ㿪ʼѣܻ®º⣿
ܼ˿壬º͵ƲȲҪҽ͡
ܼȻмֱģ˵˵
ҵʱ֪ʱһ˳ڽͷʱǼӶڣ˵˵ʱҲڣһΡ
棺ŶΣͻȻ棬ʱ¶˿ڣΣһǧٶǶɱˣһСӴŵĲбܽ
ܼȻºͣȻǲµģؾƲǵĿĲɱʱϵˣΪ˽ʱ֪õؾɫû֮ǰô䣬ǣʱ֪ҶӴӲ֮ǰȵֳŻţƢúҲҵúܣֱؾضӦؾѾһΪ鲻Ϊȫǰһб㶼׷ˡ
˿̣ƼҲ׷ѣʱҲرôණܹ
׬ˡ
죡ǳ˶ӣƼ
ƼЦЦȻʱ֪ٳӲǱ㻳Ǹã
ֻܼң
ƼƲ֮ǰͻĵںؾסǽƼң𣿡
Ҳǽ͡
ܿ죬ʱ֪ҲǲУҿɲóԺúźŵҪؾ׸ȷ޷ǱҸʱ֪ٳʵ
ܼ˼ǣ
ЦһҲ֪ܼηļң󷨵󷨣ɵʲô󷨣֪󷨲УҲƼſܵ˵ţֱվޣÿ㡣
ܼͷߡ
˼ͻȻתͷУʱϲرĶĿƷʶԣǵӣʱ֪СӽŵЩ³
ܼЦİɡ
ڱصõˡ
һߣʱ֪Щȴû˿ӦԴӵ֪Ϻ¾ʱźʲô鶼ó֪ͶΣգΪһ˴㡣
ȻƼҺܼȴĺ޷˵м
ʱ֪˲ߣߵſڣܼҵӣȥ䡣
Ȼ͵õ˷Ըʱ֪˵Ҳû˿⣬ش·롣
ʱ֪һף
ʶԶ룬ÿӵ·߶£ڸݾڷٻԭÿһ顣
ʱ̧֪Զֻջߡ
һһҲܵһһֻߣ
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Զĺɽ, һµĺɫ񱤣ÿһʮɭϡ
ǰϵ, סʱ֪ٵȥ·˴޼롣
ʱ֪ɫ䣬ʶȴѾӣĵˣǱˡ
Ҫת, һЦԶ첽ʱ֪ٺΪ׵SЦ֪֣
ʱ֪΢΢, SĿתɫ񱤣⶯˶Ц֪ȥ
ʱ֪٣ǹ䵽, ȻܼҪأΪԵ񡣡
SЦ㲻ʲôҪأֻǸƽ̸ʱոײڣ治ҲЩ鼮ֻˣ֪ҪȥĻ, ұȥ
ʱ֪΢ɣ˵ü
Sתͷ֮ǰסʱ֪ٵЦΪȻҴֽ֪ȥҲҪ
ԥƬ, ջǷС
SЦˣ֪, ߰ɡ
ɫռ, Ȼȴɭ, ⼸ʱ֪ټԶ˸, ȴûҵκֻһûнȥӦܲ鵽Щʲô
Sһߣһ߳ʱ֪ٽܣʵҲǼҵĲ֮һŵҲʲôҪ飬Ҹ׻δĹżԼо󷨣֪ǸȤҲԷ
ʱ֪ٽŲһ٣𣿡
SɶôżҪʱ֪ٺøȴһֱܵĲڵõ˻⣬Цⶼʵ֣Ȼûʲô׵ģ֮ǰҲ˵ûʲôҪĶ֮ǰܡʱҲǩԼ֪ǿԷԽйżġ
װûSָʱֱ֪һƵĹż˷Ϲž󣿡
Sۣûô⣺ǵģⱾҼǵ֮ǰ֪ڲҲѹһ۾ϳ
ʱ֪ٴҳڸĻݾȴɾԶĻ﷢һУ˼ҳµܼһ֮ǰ֪ٿм¶˿̼ıעඥ
Süµ飬ⷭ˷ȷʵбעϰߣⱾ֮ǰڲ󿴵ǱǱӦӡġ
ʱ֪ҲΪ⣬ͷ˵ڶ飬Ҫͣ˶ٴSⷭԽܼ鼮Ŀ𣿡
SʵղҲһ˵ʱ֪һӵܣⷭԽ˵鼮ʵ֤Ҳˣʱ֪ٸոտױעǱżҲֻǴҴҿۣûŶǲ˼
ʣSҲ֮ǰ˵ˣֿ֪ԷԽܼ鼮żɡ
ʱ֪۾΢䣬ллS֡
Ǽʱ֪ٸõɫSԵã׽ӦúܿҪɡ
ʮ
ĵʱ֪ٽɫ񱤹һȦ¥ϵ¥£ÿһֻ趼һ顣
ʱ֪ȴͬʵʮ־裬ﱾҲֻΪ̽̽·һ̽Ҫʱ䣬ԱֵҲǳֻǺһ㣬ִֹһȦ뿪ˡ
ʱ֪ߺSѶܼʱ֪ȥ˺ɫ񱤵˵˳
Ȼһжڸ׵Ԥ֮С
ܼ˿ƼңЦʱţǼȵߣǺƼңʱ֪ȻɣǰִַҷҪģˣȥȥֻţסҽС
ǡS˶٣ף⼸ҷʱ֪ʵûʲôɷģǻûʱ߳ÿղǴǸĲ֪ʲôûй䣬ҿͻʳЩɵӵûʲô𣬶ΪҪ˾衣
ܼҪСʱ֪٣ȵϥ³ȵۿʺͣʵ֪ãóŪȨ̫ƽʢֳʱҲǸصģʱ֪ƽտӣȴδǹ˵ʱ̵ļλһºܿûпô򵥡
SЩΪʲôһֱ˿ʱ֪٣ҲûڣһСѣжۣףҿڽˡ
ܼĬ룬ɤЩɼǵӽʱ֪ٵĿġ
ҳ,ɣ
S׽ܼң̲סСֹʱ֪ɽӰôͶܼҡ
ܼ㲻ҪʣֻҪ˵Ϳˡ
棬S˵ӸҺܼˣ׿ڿעʱ֪٣Ҳڴ˿ң
ܼȴʮƽͣҪҪʱ֪٣˵ʮˣҪʲôҲڼұ㹻ˡ
õ׵Ŀ϶SƢɢֻ֣룬Щ̫Ըһ䣺ףľʱ֪ʲô鲻ʱϲǻж˵Щܲ鵽ʲôأ
ܼЦЦSģȻ鲻ʲôǲˡΪҲʲô
ܼ˵óأSҲͷˣֻ׻һ׼
ȴ֪ܼûôʱ֪ԭʵΪʱֻ֪ԪӤʿѾԪӤԲһԲʿҲв
ԪӤ֮Ĳ࣬ͬǵ
ʿӤڸһӤӤòʿ죬ܽյתΪΪǿԭʼ֮յڣֻԪӤֻղͷţӤҲֻô
ȵܵһ̶ȣӤŻɱɳΪһ뱾޶µķǷ
˵ǿһʿǷ̤;׼ôԪӤʿɵĵһ

˽֪УȻڣΪۻὫʿڷ֮ڡȴǽ뷨ĵһ
ɴ˿ɼδڵʿʿĲ֮ͬǵ
֮򣬲Ԫϣ/Ƴ̺󷨡ҩ⣬ʶΪԼá
һЩҲǴɵ֮û֮
ǸҼƻʱţײΪʱѾ䣬ʱΪߵʱҲڣȴžһʲƸ׵ķǰ˭ֵܵסջ
ʱ֪׿Խڵ֮ǰܼƼҼҲֻǷѣ˵öô裬Ͼʱһǧ˶֪˸ؾأʱ֪ٴǼбܽЩʲô

S븸״Ѷ뿪˺ɫ񱤣ȴ֪ѶѾȴʱ֪۵ףʱ֪ٱҲ
֮ǰSɫʱʱ֪پʹһȻ֪ؽԼ˸ȥԼθS
ܼͬĲмһ㣬ʱ֪Ҳѹûнϵ󷨷
֮ǰܼҲ󿴹ϴ󲿷ֹż϶Ϲ󷨵оʵ㲻϶ộһЩµɵ
ʱ֪ٵʱԶоշϵ󷨸϶ƵġϹŴ󡱣һֻ۵ı˵ϹŴ򵥣˵ѡ
ôΪβ˵Զʵأ
Ϊ󷨵ĺǼȡ
ȡΧһпԼȡĶˡȵȣЩһˮرԶï񣬴̣ԶʮһСɽȴΪ˴ݲɽ
ɽϡɽ¡ɽľޡ࣬һ
ʱ֪ٻھ˾˸ľϼ׮ǰʱҲûԭ򣬼Ҳ˻ɹܼңΪԶǶ̫ԶܼҼҲǳºͺ˵˭Ҳ¡
ʱ֪֪ҲΪݾһܼҼµĳ֡٣󷨵һδθΪȥ
ʱ֪ٸ˵SԶָơ
˿̣ʱ֪վ֮ǰSܼѶʱվλãǰĲżϣ¯ڼŲͷҲܽгۡ
ʱ֪ٵĿȴ˿ûͣѸٵغ޹ɵزżϵÿһƷеתϣеת򳯱еûλãеŤȦŤ˻
һ֮ǰ޶
ҳ,ɣ
ʱ֪ȴ˿⣬һһϵ½ǵʯ룬ʯ⣬ϵϷ¯¯ˮϵ
¯ϷͭڼҺ⡭
ߣֱȫת֣һһݵʱ֪ǰ
ȥڵһСɾʯҡ
棬ܡ

պɽųأҴҸϵܼҡ
ʱ£ʱ֪ٲڼԼʦ
ɵеһпɺã
ʱ֪ѹɬͷһжá
ɵŷģܼܼѺҵͽǺ⣿
ܼȻϣº͵ɵһ⣬ɽԶΪʵڲܿŽܼСס̫ⷬˡ
ɵһˣѾˣҪ֪ٴߣܼӦûɣ
ܼ治ɫȻˣʦ𣬴ʲ˵ţתʱ֪٣ԴǺ͹е֪٣֮ܲǰ˵Ļȫκⶼҡ
ʱ֪ٲ뿴αȴҲ֪˿̲˺ʱ׵ллܼʱյĹգ֪պ󶨵ӱ
ܼ۵Ц΢΢ͣȻҲһ˲ˬʵܲˡ
ʱ֪ԤϵǣܼľֻǺһûһɵˡ
ֱɽվڣʦʦοʺʱ֪ٲŻʵС
ɵҲʱ֪ٵ״̬ȥϢɣκ¶˵
ʦȰĿ⣬ʱ֪ۿ΢ᣬ˵Щʲôɵ׻ȥǵȸˡ
ɵͷʱ֪߳һأʦֺ֪ʦ㣺⼸Ƕ࿴֪٣Ҫ
ʱ֪һֱŵ񾭻Ϥɽ·ߵСԺſڣǰһУ
˽Сʦ壿
ʱ֪תͷͼͶһ󣬼۾һ˳ͣǰʱһСϻӣССʦ壬ɽµƬ⣬Ҽǵϲģ𣿡
ʱ֪Ŀľϻϣ䣺лл
򴽣򿪸ӣ˵һεƬñһЩ ҼǵСʦˣͽһϻˣǲĸ𣿡
ʱ֪ٿ۵׵ĽŵǣһƬĵڿлͬƶӯ˿˿ɢƣ𡣡
۾һϻӵݸʱ֪٣ĵСʦϲɽٸ򡣡
ʱ֪ԴҪСʦ岻˵պĵĶСʦ𣿡
͵ͷ´ɽСʦɡ
֮ļգʱ֪ٵСԺޱ֣ͬʦֵܣ塢Ʒ裬۵ģԳ
ɽġճĺûһ̳š
ʱ֪ʱҲĳֻ㱵뷨оһжûɻǸھ˾ֳӻµĺӣɵȵҹ˾ʱʶһжѾزȥˡ
һԲգʱ֪ߵߣ˼ؿڵϵԣԭ͵
ϵĲתóݾһνʱһա
һʬ壬ֳ߽鷿ȻҳһŵĵϣһһҳĸһϵϺֽ뻳УգһѪ֮Уĵı˫ۡ
ѹԲǸӣѪծѪɡ
ҳ,ɣ


90 

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ƼܼͷһʱȨˣɽЭ̺ؾٿ, ʱ֪ٻδ, ܼѾƵ˸.
λ˵, Ȼ֡
ɵ
ɵ̤, ֣ҲżĿ䵽ʱ֪ʱ, ҲǴȰгģ
ʱ֪ûʲôɵһеĸλվ
Ƽܼһۣܼȿڣ֪٣뿪ܼҲʮˣ⼸S벮˵һֵͬ, ܼˣ
ʱ֪۽̧𣬴䣺лġ
ܼ΢Ц, ĵȴ֪ΪЩ̫õԤ, ת߶ײһº͵ת˻, ٰ֪, һֱ, Ҳ֪ǼɽĿģʱϡҲȥˣҪǰ, Ҳ߳, عˡ
, ܼ˵ûѾˣǾֻǰˡ

ܸҪڰ
ŵһƬƬٵĸ밲οʱ֪Цˡ
ЦᣬλĿɵһͣȫ濴ȥ
ʱ֪ü䣬ɴŲдЦ⣺λ岮ǰԭʧֻһ˼ȥҲ벻ףλΪɽ󡣡
һֱûôڵҼ̾˿˵ɡ
ʱ֪ĿҼϣ΢΢ܼ֮棬ֱ׶ͨ͸ڿײ֮Ц⣬ˣʸλ岮ǰһǧʮ֮Ǹñǲñ
˵ȻǸñġ
һ˳ܿ½ԣ
ѪޣȻǲò
ԩԩ౨ʱˣ˵ҪҲҵõ˰
ǰһǧǲ٣ôùȥҲû鵽ʲôѵҪһֱô𣿡
ʱ֪Ŀˣʵȼţ˵ԩԩ౨ʱˣʣ˴˿ţʱδҵ֣ǷͿˣ
ȼָʱ֪٣㣡
ɫҲѿɵһֱͻұѹһֱ˿Ҳһֱݵġ
ɵһ֪ףûλ˼¡
ʱ֪ȴЦһѽҲǿͷ˵˵ǱţǿҵѾͬɱˣҪҲ죬ʱϣһǧʮһǧʮҲһиĸѣҲǱ˷άȴֻʣһ߱ʬȴ˵ԩԩ౨ʱˣ̨ףЦˣòЦλ岮ǰǾúòЦ

һܿʱ֪ٵߣ˻ش
ʱ֪ٳǣҶòЦЦ⣬óһŷһˮĻ
ɻʱˮĻﾹȻ˵ʱŵĳ
ֻǰһ̻Цĸˮ鿣һĻ㱻ҹĻеĺһϢɱߵԺӱеӻιд裬һ̱ɴ˫ȥɱԼ˵ģӶԷ£Ѳߵĵǰһ̻ȥԾƣһ̾ӣһ˺ģŵǵϢԺ
˲䵽ĶнӶߵߣԺǽԺڣʱϵĵʻһűҰѪˮȾˮϵ
һ߾ʬ壬һŻǾĬʺ죬ܿ˵һ仰
ʱ֪ûջˮĻҲʮƽʱһǧʮ֮ǰ֪˭ɱǣ˵˺ֲ֪Լζͣԭأֱҵֳ֣֮Ϣ
ǴҶˣɱʱ֮ˣŵľȻʱϵۣԣһǧ඼Ϊֵǵͬʦֵǵʦ󱲣ǲײҲĿıҪ֪˭֣֮İϢ
λ˷𣿡
˶ûпڣȳҼ˻֮ˣ
ʱ֪ĿɨղȰԩԩ౨ʱˡĹȼʹţֿܼЦЦǻɡ
΢΢üǣ
ʱָ֪ˮĻѾͣµˮĻȻȻͣĳһ̡
⡭ʱʱĻɣ
⡢Ҫʲôѵ뷴ǹۿɩĻ棿
һǵǸӤ̫ˡ
ʱ֪·ֱۣһĻͣ£Ŵ󣬵λ˿ӡ󣿡
ʿǷԶҲˮĻŰ˿ַҡͷҲ֣Ϊ˸ȴδҲδ˵š
ʱ֪ٽƣŴ¶ӵϣˣλɾϤ
ڸλšü˼ʱɵѯʵ֪٣ˮĻǺʱ¼µģ
֪ˮĻͶŵǰҪӳˮʯ¼Ȼӳˮʯ˿¼⣬;ȴĥΪӳˮʯΪҪһСܿ¼棬Ѱһڿ¼ӳˮʯѾʮݳˣһӳˮʯܹ¼Ļޣ˿ˮĻϼˮ鿵Ļ棬ɼҪӳˮʯ
ңӳˮʯ˼λɫʮִۣʱϵĸˮ鿷ӳˮʯ֮һ
ɵʻʳ˵
ʱ֪ȴƺ˿ʲôˮʱӣ֮أԸˮΪУӳˮ۾ӳˮ۾ƷԲ鿴
¼ˮ鿵Ļ档
˾㵣
˼ʱһͿԲ˰ɣ
СۣЩ˱˰ҪӦҲܲɣ
ʱ֪ٽɫ۵ףԹλɾôϤ
ҵע·ŵˮĻϵϣͻȻһ˾㵵ǿ롭ǲǶʮǰĽӵ𣿡
˴Ȥʮǰ㻹ǵã
˰ֵûˣ˿Ƥ˿ǣƶõ֣ƶһ˫ıòҪࡣ˵ţƺҪͬϸϸ˽Ƥףǽڷ޳޹ǣСָָһСС룬ֱƶзһ˫֣УӵֱѰŮҪЩѰ˵ڶָȵĸָЩȴ볣෴ָȵڶָһҲ볣졣
ϵ˵һһȥ־Ȼÿһ㶼ˣɾ㵣ô˵ǽˣôᡭ
ʱ֪ٿƼ棬Ҳ֪棬ΪĽӣȴסƼأ
Ƽ滹ûڣƼѾɫ䣬ҪѪˣ
ʱ֪Цˣû֤ݣ˵أƣһֱʱϵӱ㽫ѹ
ǽޱؿʱ֪٣޹ء
ʱ֪ٹ۵ȴ䣺˵޹أҵǲ̫ء
Ƽ˵޹أʱ֪ҧϲţҪ˵ʱйأк֤ݣƾһϰ˸Ӵŵģʮǰ͸˵Ľ
ʱ֪ûƼߵ˽ǰ΢΢۾ӣҸý㽯ҷǵԸǰŮݻָжΪζʮȥˣһΣҪŮװʾأ
ٿ̧ͷŵؿʱ֪١
һֱϲŭɫ涼΢΢˱飬һֱŮӵˡ
ݺݶʱ֪٣ʣô֪
ʱ֪ٹһһ٣ָֻҪ֪֪
˵ţЦЦԽǳԼжˣ
ۣˣҲ޷֤Ƽʲôϵɡ
ʱ֪ٵͷǰȷʵ޷֤кιϵȴ֤ϵĴүƷŹϵǳҪ𣿡
̧ͷ֪һЩʲô֪ʲôҪʲô
彭۵׵Ŀ־壬ʱ֪ٺȻԼȥι۴ʱЩΪʷ伫ĿŵĴ΢΢£˵֪ʲô֪ʲôʮǰƷŷҶ֪Ҳ֪Ʒŵ飬֪ΪƷźʦ飬֪ѹΪƷ㣬Ҳ޷ߣ˵顣

ʱ֪ⷬ䣬ͬ͹ﵹˮȻڡ
Ƽš
Ƽʲô
ֱ˽ǰһѾס죬ͷųѹ˵Ŀģ
ڱʱϵץסʱͺúýѵһ٣˿̱ѹһֱ³һѪĭ
ٴʵ㺦
ɫҰףȴҲ֪˵ز޷ϣǡ
һƣֱӽķ˵⡣
ʱ֪ٿ̫⹷ҧˣЦеع˹ƣ˿ѹ棬֪ɣ⽭ΪһҲ֪࣬ԼΪαȴΪѡƭԼ游͸ף
Ŀһתǰ𾢵˼˵ˣĿ⳯⿴ȥֻһֱҪεƷžȻ˽طס
ӣ
һĻƼ滹ʲô׵ģƼֱǰһ߷ˡ
ƷŹߵ׵游͸ԭºͰమǱŻ²ߣ
ѹһٽƬ̣վŵľѾûмˡ
Ȼֱɵʱ֪٣ʱСӣ˵⽭еģˣҪ˵ƼҹʱţѪˡ
ʱ֪٣ȻǽƼҹᣬʱţǡϹᣬϰټʱϣҪԴıʱر
ʱ֪ٻ䣬һƬȻ
ʲô˼
ѵĲ鵽ʲô
һֱһ߿Ϸܼסˣº͵ı飬֪٣Цɲҿ
ʱ֪ٹұ֪ǲϣҲã˾ۼڴˣΪ˺ؾ֮ұǼںؾõһ
һ֣һ澵ӱڵ롣
ϳָžӵǡϹǬԪ
ʱ֪٣˾֪µϹǬԪȿɻʷҲɿ̽δָһ㣬뾵Уܿһ档
ҹʱ֪վھǰڵĻ棬ȻǶʮǰƷ뽭ԳȻıƭ游һĻ档
ʱ֪֪Ʒŵģ˿̲Զ
˻ûüΪһĻ˵ЩʲôͼһתȻϵԶ룬ֻݷõϼܼ棬ٵȥıǵļƻһһ˳˻ܼ£βʱŵʿֶ¼Էպ˷ˮҲһвˡ
˭Ҳû뵽Щ˵Ķ˳ڲʱܼҪٵϹǬԪһĲ档
ֱȫϣϹǬԪűʱ֪ջء
ľѳۣܼɫ࣬ȴû¶ôں޻ߺµɫܼƽʱ֪٣ҪΣ
ʱ֪ȫЦ⣬ޱ飬һһ䵽ҪΣʱһǧʮҪЩ˳
£һƬž
ֱ˿һ⡭ʱȻȷʵ˺ܶˣҪɱôδ̫Щ
ʱ֪תͷˣʸ£δŲ̣
˱ܿʱ֪ٵߣҵǾץסףȥǵΪٽǴңԵˡ
ʱ֪٣ǸΪ˭أ
ȻܼƼߣͬסɤӵѼӣһűһ仰ҿŮԣаŮװĽָʹɱʬٴңҲ֧ģ
ҲǸһƬ
ʱ֪ţЦˣȻʵЦ
ڽ֮ǰѾԤϵҪΪʱֻعжѣɴʱ˿̣վĵڣɾȫÿһҪˣԼÿһ񶼱òԼ˺Ҫ뿪壬òַסֱۣȷϵĳһûĵȥ
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죬˵֣ôֻĵǰڵˣȴ·ҵȿֺͬһ
ʱ֪ĿӰصŵܼƿ䵽λ׵ɵϣ˹ʣʦҲ˽𣿡
ɵ̾˿ȵڶĬڣʱһǧһοϵҰģĸλضʱ֮һʱһıܣһе򣬲Ϊưˡ
ֿܼˣ䵽ʱ֪ϣȻ˱Ͳи֣֮ҶͨʿյѹҲʱһƶ𣬾͸ԲΪϽʱϵͬʱҲɢҲƣȫ赽һպӼѰʿգҲܳΪĸ֮£֪٣Ϊأ
ʱ֪ٶɵΪأĸԺﷴţɵƽ͵ĴȰɫͫ˸
Ϊʱ֪ջߣµѪҺ˵ϣ򦣬һһ䣺ɱʱ˵ߣû
ղɵ˵꣬û˵ʱ֪ٿڣ˾Ȼ˿æʣ飬ǳ
ʱ֪ϵת뿪
Ƭ̺Ŵ˹ܿǾͻ֪ˡ


91 
꣩
ʱ֪˵ĺܿ,ȷʵúܡ
뿪ʱ䣬ڲټžյԼ/ѵϢ
һյϢܼҼֻѶصһ仰,һȻƽıάֲס,ٿվ
˺ı飬ǿάס뿪
ҵĴѶԼĸʽܼҷʲô,ܼɫԲԾֻҲûʱ֪ٵ롣
ʱ֪ٻδ,˿ҲԪӤΪͬѾʮֳ,Щ˼ǧ,ȴû̵û̫ʵ첻в
Ȼһ̣һҽһĴѶ/ʯȴǾ,ͬһʱ飬,Ҳò·ʱ֪ϵ
һոյѶŵ,Ȼٿ̧ͷ۵׳Ũңʱ֪ɱҶ,Ҷһ,Ҫ
ͽ
ʦܡ
һһ,˫Ŀɺ,ٿس
˿,ʱ֪ȴѾ˾ݡ
ʱ,󲿷ִ󷢶ʱģʱ֪ȴƫûԶ봫ͷѣ츳Ҳѳɼţһţܼʮղǿɹһš
ʱ˿̣ʱ֪ٳ˼ɽ¡
Ũʺֲֲڴˡ
ʱ֪ͷϷɾһ¥ûоκֱӾ̤Ͻ֮С
һ·ɽ²ҩĵӼʱ֪٣üʣ˭Ϊ
ʱ֪΢΢һҾʱʱ֪٣Ƽǰϣ·ߵһƺҪ£ֱˣʵҸôߣ
ǵ˵ʱ֮ɫ΢·ʦֶʱ֪٣ֲˣʱ֮¾˲֪ʱ֪ѾǸ߸ϵӵ£ټʱ֪ټβ˼棬ʦֲҲ
ǵһָ˸򣺡Ǳߡ
ʱ֪Цǳǳл
ǵӼתҪߣվסʱ֪ͣ£죬ָȷķ򣬡ȥ͵ˣϵλүͼгǶסǱߣ㡭Լȥɡ
ʱ֪ټ΢΢գЦ£ӻͳһŵҩ֮ǰҵģ˵ΪкôҲ̫Ҫ͸㣬ָ·лɡ
ǵӼҩһ㶣϶꣬ȻֻǸӵӣĿȾ֮£ҩѰʿȻҪһʱ֪ŵҩһϺõ鵤Ȼ˵˾ˡ
ӷɿʱ֪ĵĵҩлл
ʱ֪ˡ
Ӱһʧǵӱҿ˿ҩ̽˶һߣүȴѾʱ֪棬ҲۼҩǵӣüĵܹҲֻһƿôˡ
ʱ֪٣ǡöһţˡ
үݣһġ
ʱ֪ٹǣҶôˣҪĵ
˶Իûڽɢ߼ɢɳǰȴǵ¥󣬶ǡյĸˮ鿡

ǰ
ʱ֪үһмƻ
үǵȷ󷨾ܳɣ
ʱ֪٣ѾԹˣǿԵġ
үα֤һܽʯɹ룬ƼΪٿصģ飬һǳ衣
ʱ֪ȴүˡ
үˣ
ʱ֪٣øˮ֮ãȴǱӣΪϺ϶ץңȴδץңүشԼشˣΪǶĶԷһҵңԱץңǻŷǸҪ顣
үأ
ʱ֪ЦˣԡǿһֻرˣرҲУ˭ֻᾯһֻأ
үܲԸʱ֪ԼʱϵմӣǵʥϰձҲýһ֡
ʱ֪ЦЦү磬ֻұܼץ֮ƼõϢضҪǰʱֻҪһ֣߳ע⣬Ҷ潫ʯϡ
ܼҵʱ֪һƫֱӲǽľҵǽϣڳͽڲѷֱ֮뿪ã˵ʱõöʸ
öܹƾҵļʸȻҲʿĹעص㣬Ƽʱ֪ٵ֮гҪܼҲʱ֪ϣΪѰʱ֪ٲܼңĳöʸʱ˻ȥ
һöʸƻ֮Ҫһʯ
һöʯʱ֪ٲƽϵĽ磬Զ̲󷨣˽졣

ʱ̧֪ǰдϰɫãȻӴܵϵӣҲȻۣӾ㵵ֵģʱµϵӡ
ݾҪһʱ⡣
ʱ䵹ǽʱһһߣʵʵģȫȫݡ
δ߽ݾУͬԹߣ侳ԴΪȴܿ
ߣʱ䣬ٴݵʱ飬ݾرգ߱һһһξ顣
ǾǰһĻŰɫ۵ĵãȻӴܣĵɫ֡
ʱ֪ó˾ȴδ칭ǽץżйɵǰЩֵĵӶӣȻ˺ʱӵܣͬķʽͬλãһһһԭϡ
ڴͬʱɫµϵҲӦ˹˴ͬŻԱϣйϵʮϤĴڣһȥǰ
ЩֻԼҵطصģҲйͬ꣬Ҫֹʱ֪٣˵ɱʱ֪ٵġ
Ȼ۵ʲôǶ޷ʱ֪һһ
ʱ֪ɱʮ߸ϵʱƼƼڸ˻
ס֣
Ƽһ˹ʱٰ֪γͱĳļƽתǴ֮Ʒȴû˵ֺֻһ˿磬üβķ˿
档ʱ֪ٴкĿȥƷźýأ
ͣҲǼʶ㣬Ȼ֪Ѿʱ֪ȫƿأֻҪ޷ֺֻҪʲô
ʲôʱ֪תƼȥ
룬ƺǻȻ򣺡ҲǼҵĲرƼȹ˵ģҪȥ
˵꣬һʧǰ
֮ǰһ̴ĵҲڴ˿̵£ѪҺѾѪȾĵ棬ͬˮ뺣޺ۼ
ǵӾּŰûڵı飬ȴλķ
һٿرɫʱϲرķȥ
Ȼһ
ʱƼѾʮʱ֪ͱһĲӣϣϵһѪҺϣ˶٣ֵԣϣϱͱһڲӣһڡļƣƼĴϣԥشȥ
ĿѣӶң
ʱ֪ٳ˼𣬿˽ǰȴҲ棬䣬۵ȴû˿Ц⣺Ƽɱʱϵһʮһˣ⻹һٶأҷƼɱ˲һϲ˴ͱҲֻܽȣһһˡ
ʱǱ޷ʱ֪٣һǻͺͬ޻ϣֻƼǰھͽ󷨳ˣȻ֪ʲôġ
ʱ֪٣֪ʲô𣿡
治ԣʱ֪ߵһϵͱ˶Ƥʱϵԣۣ±˺֮ˡ
̧ҵֳɩɩͬʦֵܣҳԲ͸λ϶ˣˣһҪʲô
棺ɽЩʦֵܣͲͬˣ
ʱ֪Цͷ浱ɵ𣿡ߵƼߣޱһһûһأʣµһٶ£̱ɽ֮ƽ㣬㶯ɽĵӣ˵һΣҺɵ˵һַ㣬֮˽˶Թ㽫ɽֽǾ֮ˡ
۵׵Ŀ̶һ˿⣬ǺʱϣǺСʱ֪١
Ȼ˿ٺҲûˣɭɭҪΣ
ʱ֪룬ܿҪ󣬻һֱһƼ۽޲˲ձֻۣ֪ҡʦǷ֪¡
濴ı飬ȴɤＫҲй¶һ˿ĲɹЦ㶼Ѿдˣαң
ʱ֪ۣŵѪʣΪʲô
ЦʦһֱĲƽҪƽȵľݣʵ۲Ҫɾ͸Ҫˣʱû֮󣬻ұ൱ͨʧȥұۣɱҵĸмֵˡ
ʱ֪٣ʦҲ˵ƽҪʱ͵ȴѭԲʱš
֪ΪʱűҲѭеһأģŵģѹ͵ʱ֪ٶ𣺡ʱʦɲּɣʼն֪һеġء
ʱ֪ٿ̧
ŵʹɫЦһ룬㵱ΪͻȻչأΪҪµһտؾ
ʱ֪֪ڶҡϣ񲨶̶ƿػݾɲأ뵽һա
ڣɵü֪٣ʱ㲻Ĵ棬кú
м飬־ԼٶѾܿˣֱ׳ʦҲ˵ǳҪֻ˲ˮɵĽףⲻǻδ֮𣿡
ɵɨһŷɳȴΪǳ㿴ǹ⣬ʲô
ʱ֪ϸ˿ؾʱƣ
ɵںδ
ʱ֪٣ϡ
ɵʱҾͬƣƸڿ˾ʵв̤ٲ룬ֳʥΪ㻤ʱսվҪԼˣ飬óˡ
ңΪȶԣʱҲͻˡ
ǣʱ֪Ǳ߱ʦĻչˣûվȻͻƹ󹮹Ϊһչر¡
棺ڣܼжʱ䡣
Ҫ˵ˣʱ֪һ˫ۣɵȺ͵ıǰѿΪ𣬡Ǽ٣Ի֤
棺ģѵҪ߱ʦ
񶾵صǶɽ֣ǽҾݣ㡪߱ʦΪУʱǱ𣿡
ʱ֪ۣ۵ƽҵ飬棬Ҳ֪ԭ£ӲˣΪĴҲ˰
һûü˵ʲôͼʱ֪ٸɴһֱӴ̴Ƽ࣬ѪҺδ䵽ϣѾʧǰ
ʱǱ
ʱ֪һΣصɩԺӡ
ʱ˿̣ƼһϵҲƷźͽˣЩϵһ⣬ȫΪ˴ʱµˣҲվɩɩǰ
ڽĽɩɩʱʱ֪ٵľһļ

ƷĽһԺ䣬ϣҲ޷
߽ݾУѭʱ飬Ҳ޷뿪·֮ء֮ǰƷװȳʱΪ˲˿ԼԼҩҲһ޷Ҳ޷뿪ǼԺ䣬ʶѣһʱչʶҽ䣬˵Ŀһ
Ȼ⻹ʱֱ֪˾彣
վڽǰޱҼǵãʿɩɩĶӡ
ǣͬλãʿ˽Ķӡ
ƴҪܣȻݾڣһжʱ֪ƿأӵˡ
ʱ֪һһɩɩֶһлԭһ飬һ̴ؿڣ̧УյĽһףʬ׼ȷصƷŵԺ
ʱ֪վԺſڣޱؿűŽʬƷţȻֳĿһУҲãۿ
ʱ֪٣Ʒ˫Ŀɺ죺ұҪʬΣ
ʱ֪䴽ɫ԰ֽƽ޲ѽҵʱ뷨һģһ


92 

ʱǱɱʦ, Ҫ
²ŵӣʱǱȻɱʮˣǿɶǰϤĺӣɵ, һ
ʱǱɱҴ磡°ҴɩֶһͬǻݾۿҴ类ɱḶֱ́ǵɥɥĲɵ, ش˴Ҳƫ̻һ˲б֮ˣ
, ŰټҼһ£ַʱ֪ʮµɱ, ˻, ɫޱݡ
ɵλ, ɫϾ, þûпڡ
֪ۿ·һ, һЦǵӲԼϲ֪ۣڵ֪ٷ³ʱɲ⸱֪ٲǽǶʱ黹ȥˣһɱģ, ǿЦ
ڸĿ֪ɤδѹ, ͵ͿһʾҪ˵֪˵ˡ
Ȼ˵ˣȴ˽仰˳, ָ֪ɵ, ͽ˵Ļʲô˼˼ǷɽɵĴƫ̻ʱǱˣ
ɵ̧, ڰ, ŵ˾ȷʵƫڻݾУֻʵʱŰ֮˲Żܵ˺һشҲ֪ԡ
ʲôٵɫƣ´ţʱǱɱҶӺڶˣӲѽͷ֮ޡ
档֪ץסֱۣʵӺϵˣʦܵɩʱһǧҲˣֻǱѣʲôѵʱϾͻñţϾ͸߹󣿡
󵨣
һȥɵסǳ֪ԡ
֪ʦҲʦʲôһ̰ͼʱϼҲʱ͸Ϊһ׼ˣһһˡ
ɵ֪
֪Ҿʦ𣬵ʵڴȥˣɽؾһԺٳء
ɵŭʱȥһ㶣ˣ
ɽܰվҲӵмߵţȻԭһɽɽؾ
ɽɽؾѺԹ޷Ҳ޷ɱаޣϢ֣ȻԶϢӣΪ洦ûνĻԵԳɽ⣬ûɵԸ룬ؾֶûУ˵ֻƺɽĺɽؾ
ɽҲǲӽɱƽＫеԸ롣
֪Ϊٳδͻƣˡ
ɵ̾Ϣһȥɡ
򴽿֪뿪ķ΢΢۽ޡ
֪뿪֮ɵŰټҵ֪ƫЩȴǺ޵ڳλҲɱ֮ˣǵʱŵˣΪ˽˶Թ
ΪʦȴҲ޷ֹΪɩ˱𡭡µɫԽԽ߿ɵһתȻΪȷʵЩһɵӽɽʮպΣ
ʮʱǱͬһ㣬ûɵܿ϶ץס˵ɵ֪
ɵ治ģɫҲƽϷĵӣϷҪȻǱףλʮպɡ
ŰټҼվļң뿪ˡ
俴ʼնûԵܼƽܼǻԾȴһԲ飿
ܼüƲ⻰Ǻ⣿
⣿䣺ʱ֪֪ʱҶ˺ıƼҺܼҶѲ˸ϴȻѾʮˣЩСආﶼܼ꣬ƽ£˵ʲô˼
ܼɫҲÿһԲܼ˳£ǿԣϣܼҲ˳²źãͬԣʱŵĸңҼҶܵ˱ֻܼ£ǣڴ֮ǰʱ֪ٻܼСסһʱա
ռţûһ˶кɫҪǣʱ֪󷨣֮ǰδżδƫƫʱ֪ȴܼ뿪֮󷨣˲֪ܼ˵⣬Щϸ֦ĩȫϵǳʮ춼Ͳˡ
ƲҲˣʱ֪ٵóϹǬԪҶһֵͬģôܷŹҡ
ܼû˵꣬ȻǿˣοĻдȶ
ܼưͳԻƲҲ֪Ҳܺʱְ֪ܼҲʱŵʹҺҲܺҺ֮Ѫ𰡣
ȴ˭֪ܼжྫղ߻ʱűıߣԵʱϣ׸̳ʱϵⰵƣٵƽʱϽ磬ԼųҥԵȵ֣ݷ˽ʮʱ䣬ɼӲ˵ãʮ͵ȴƽһºģʵϱ˭̰ҲˣܼҺȴҲ֪ܼҰģ뻢ıƤһֱСȴû뵽ܼٴηˮֱ£ʱ֪٣վͬһߡ
һʱ֪ٴܼңд㡣
ʱѾţʣʱ֪٣ҲƲˣƽվͱ˴Ҳδ룬Ψһĵ·ʯˣǳƼң˭
𰸺֮
Խ۵׵Ŀ̶ɭ֮ɫԽ˵Ϊʱ֪ȴܻ㾡һⱳ֮˸ǰ֮ˣ
ܼۿ濴ĿԽԽƣҪڽͣȴ˭ζͲ뵱Ϊ˰ģҲΪ˺ؾų˲ʱ֪SԼཻܼϢ˿Ǻ޲ܸʱԼһơ
ܼİ治
֪ʱ֪ȴԤϡ
֪ɽƾճһĵĽϱԺ
ʱ֪ٻ£һɣ˺ɽ
үͬһɣʱ֪ٳɣΪɩһ㡣
ʱ֪ٽӹ㣬ɩĹǰͷ֮󣬾ؿã뿪
ү̾չɩܺú뿪ˣԺҲúúùˣһаɡ
ʱ֪ͷ֦Ծɽȸһү˵ۺû𣿡
үһ㶣ҡͷǧǰ𣬱ܹٽˣ˵ʱһٳ񽫣°˸֡ۺֻ·պתꡯ֮󣬱ٻ񽫣Ҳܴͨۺ·ˡ
ʱ֪٣ֳɩɩֶȥĶˡ
үĬã֪١
ֻһ֣ʱ֪Ҳûˡһ·޻صֳĵӣҲʱϴӵĺԣ档
ʱ֪٣СүϣƼͷܼҼַˡ
ʱ֪ٵͷµš
ǡ
Ⱥԣ뿪үܼƽʵΣķ֪٣һбѪУ
ʱ֪ٺ˿ڲ裬ϲδɫֻҪѪʱţұ㻹ȥҪܳŶá
ܼҳŲ˶ˡ
֪ӺʱͻȻܼҼʱ֪ٴЭĴԣߣĨȥʱϼһյϵ
֪ʱѹζˣĳЩǧϳģʱĸ˸ҹʹãֻŷͷȥˣĨȥʱϼһʹá
Ȼʱһ󼰣һո˼临ӵĿӡַһҪӣʱϵԳ֣ҪĨȥʱϼһգҪôҪüһʧҲΪĴ㣬ҪôֻѰҸ˳֡
еʱȻʱĨȥʱϼһգôܼҵӵĨȥʱϼһյľ˼ˡ

Զ
ôܣSʱϵȫҸ׵ĽûóҲܸͨãЩҥԼֱǿЦ
˼S˷ŭһۣS֣ȻܼҲڴʱ£ȻѾֵ÷зˣǰҲǸѣҡ紫ԣǼʱ֪һҲˣٻкؾڣƼҲԪˣǱΣûУǱҥԣպѵڰټ֮˰
SɫܼȻܡһ٣תͷո˵ʲô
ãȻʲô
Sʣ۾һһ¾Ͳдλˣһ
S첽뿪
ҡҡͷҲ뿪Զ롣
һߣSÿ˸׵鷿ף
ܼſ£ҲüĲչ£û±Ȼ
S˵֪ڷʲôһơܼʣ㰺׵ѾҥԣܼôͶͲͨˣʵҥԣ
ܼԺ⣿
SܼҶҪңΪ׵ļַˣβɴֱǾѣҲ£ܼƼҶδʹƣҡһʱ֪֣кؾڣʱ䳤ˣ˭ܵеùܼң
ܼüSѵ׾˵ˣ
ܼҡҡͷ֪¾棬˭Ϊ棿
S˲Ƕ˵ܼң
ܼܼ𣿡
SȻǣ
ܼ˭ŰټҾּɡ
S÷ɿ죺Ȼǵĳҡ
ܼɬܼǵģ˭
Sϣ
ܼݺݵر˫ۣһɬһеϣ
SѵƼʼվǣΪʱ֪ûܼ֡
ܼ˿ޱϣʱ֪ٲԼĶӣͬ䣬ʱ֪ٱSҪСʮ꣬Ȼһ棬ԼĶӶ̫Զˡ
Ȼܼ۵׵֮ɫһʱ֪ٱٴҲʮѣôĶù
ˣȥɡ
ܼʱԼĶˡ
SȴߣףѵҸղ˵ˣǺʱ֪ٺܵõؾܡ
죡ܼʵ޿̣ҲԼģˣΪľɵģӳ˵ʲôõģǺ֮ǵģʼնֻʱ֪٣
SסʱҲӦˣ˵һжʱ֪ټƻõģ
ܼڿϣؿڵҲչЩ̫ǵǽʱ֪ٴܼһѾƺˡԡӦ˵ƺһУŻᱻܼѰ뵽ܼĵ׶һ˿𾪣һ˿ңӻδڣĻıʱδ𣬼ʱģٹ꣬ﻹϡϵ֮ء
Sȴţʱ֪ٲһ츳ЩӵܰˣҲ˵ڶûУôȫļƲߡ
ܼǳǳƳһۣ۵׻ϧǰڶûСʱӣƾ츳Сպܼұǽкβɡ
S״Ժ⡭
ܼʱ֪پͲ뿴SֵȳȥһҪ£ԺЩض˵ЩҲò
ֻҪúˡ
뿪鷿SҧԶʱ֪٣ţץס㡣


93 

ɵ˵ʮڴʱ֪, ʮŰټҶɽ¹ȴһֱûκαɽɳȥĵ, Ƕŵʮɽɵһʱ
֪, ھҹ, ʱ֪Ѿɽ
ˡɵʱ֪٣֮ϣûлͷ
ʱ֪վڵſڣī, Ϸһֹ, һƬտ, ֻ΢
֮ſڡʦ𡣡
ɵͷ, ɤһº, ɡ
ʱ֪ٶ˶٣ǰ¡
ӣˡɵתͷ, ʱ֪ЦЦ
ʱ֪ȴͫٿرֱ˼⡣
ǲЩ¡ɵ̾˿ŵˣ
ʱ֪ٿǰƤⷭɣ򶼱ȥһ, Եʮŵļȴһ, , ֻ۾ºʹȰĵʲôһ, ۿ조ʦ
ɵҡҡͷ, óһ鼫ΪͨĵԪʼʯ, Žʱ֪ƫһأ򿪺ܿһۣŽȥ
ʦ𡭡
ɵ˵ΡΡһƤֽͨɽĵͼʦ֪΢ʲôѣȥɽҪ˭ɽȴҲ˭˶һţʱʦ𱾸û㣬˶٣ҵԼúܺãȱɣֻҪɽһգŰټҶҲҪ桪
ɵٿжϣº͵İΪбĶ̰Υͣ˫ۣסؿڷɿתʩ֮󣬸ˡ
ʱ֪һѷסɵʡ˭
ԹаȻȴŽֹʱ֪벻ʦȻҲб˶һգҶΪȻʦʵǷ˼
ɵҡͷ㲻öܣѾǶڣԱ֮ضҲһȥŵ㼰ڣʦΪڣˣʦѾ˵ˣΪ㡭
Իӵģʱ֪ɿɵתҪߡҼǵòһڶĹżھȥң
ɵһˣ˵Ļ
ʱ֪ٽŲһ٣ȴûлͷ
ǰһһȥҲԽܣʦҲҪ뿪
ʱ֪١ûз𣿡
ɵЦЦɤƽ͡ɵӣǱʦûзʦȵһա
˵ʱ֪ɲתͷɵӲıӰ̾Ϣһ飬֪ʦΪθȡţ
ɤȴЦ⡰չ⣬Ϊ֮ʦϣͬչһ㣬ֻط֮в۳Ϧ䣬ƿڰһ߹âת˹ֻɵһǵʦĻ
㽫롭
Žȥᷢʲôʱ֪ٻصɵߣԽԽ죬ȦҲԽԽ조ʲôԱһа취ģңһʱ䣬һҵ
ɵʮˣѾʮˣȴ⼸ղŷƻģƽʱΪֹ˲ܹʹҵıҡ£ֻڣܻܲٿˣҺķȫŽ׷ӡڣ飬ɶʦ˼
ʱ֪Ȼ
ɵѾǵܣΪҪѾȫΪܷӡĶԲƲ磬ʱ˿̲֮󣬻Ҳûлץסˡ
Ҫޣɵ飬ԲҪ
ʱ֪ٻδü˵ʲôͼɵٿرɫðһ亹ͯӵһţʦ֪ʦ֣ʲô
ɵ֮У뾪ֻһʱؿʱ֪٣һʱ۾б⡣
ʱ֪Ҳɫ΢΢һ䣬һֻץɵĸ첲һֻóⶪȥ
ֻһҽУ˱ڵĵһܿЦ֪ʦ֣ΪʲôҪķҰ
ҳ,ɣ
ɵĿѡɱ
һЦʦ˵ʲôأΪʲôҪɱңɱѽ
ʱּ֪ѪҪתɵȴץסųѪ˿ĵ͸ƽͺ;Ĺ⡰ɱҡ̡
ʱ֪ʶһͷϵĵķѾѪȾ졣
죡ɵסԼĲӣ۵ױ任ŻĹâҿʦ𡭡ɱң
ʱ֪Ҳܣ۵׵ˮҲ޷ƣֱ¡ڵаħʦܣɱġ
飡ɱң
ʱ֪ٱʱֶٺҲʮˣԴԺ飬Ѿʧȥ˾˾ɩֶҲʣ¼׽֮˵꣬ԼʦôƽյĹ
ɵָŤ鴤ǰץȴûץסʱ֪ٵһƬ½ǣʱ֪ܵʹɫʹϧر˱ۣһʱ֪Ƴ⡰ȥƫ
ʱ֪ǰϣžͱȴŸǳԵͯľȻһԣ۵ûһ˿â
ʱ֪ĿӹҿٽȥʱȴȻƳ΢΢ǣʯ䣬Ȼͯʱ˵ʦӵ˵볾ǣ̫ͻΪԼǣ֮˴ֻ
ֱ֣ʦ𲻻飬һ׵ͯ˿̵Ҫ󣬿ɵʱҲδ·ϣʱʦ֮˱ضѾһı
ߣĸʦ𣬶ǵһǶܽʦƽյΪֹģµľ֣ҲʦʱҲʱʱ̿ʦɽκ˶
뷨һ˲ʱֱ֪Ŀ죬תͷʱ彣Ѿ̴һࡣ
һľȻıȻ¶֮ɫδü˼ʱ֪οʱʱ֪Ѿ
Ҳڴ˿̷һ˻ʱ֪Ҳ˲Ŷ롣
ʧһġɵתͷ۵׾Թâٿسʱ֪ٹ
ʱ֪ٱ߶սΪãֵ˵ʦ𣬳Ƶ˰ܡ
ٴα鵽ǽϣʱ֪³һѪĭҧ㵽Ǹʲôʦڳ
ɵȻͣͬʶҽȥҾʹʦڳ
ʱ֪˿ڣ˭֪˵Ǽ٣
ɵЦŵĸѾմѪεڵذϣδδšͽʦȻƭ㣬ǲǵõʦδҲᣬ϶ʱķǳصİ
ʱ֪ٴŵһελɵѪĺۼҽҵ㣬ԸŹʦ𣿡
ȻɵɫºͣҲ糣һ㡰֪٣ʦĹŵӣƽʦôҲ֪ʦôƭأ
áʱ̧֪ͷҲҪףֻҪ㵽ʲôҾͷʶ
ɵѾߵʱ֪ߣ¿ٿسסĲӣЦҪᣬҪ̡ͬδ䣬ɫһɫҲ䡰ʲô
ʱ֪ٳӲ֣СܿϵѪ£ǰɫ䡰ңǸʲô
ɵضʲô󷨣
ϵѪҺѾ̣һȴйɵͼ֮ҲɵȻ֪ʲôԭˡ
ʱ֪١ȸ˭ħ
ɵмôЩ͵ȵĶ˵꣬ʱ֪٣صסΣѵܶʦ֣Ҫ֪ĻҲһˡ
ʱ֪ޱؿ
ɵƶʱ֪ٲɫҲ
һʱ֪ٿڡ֪ʲô󷨣
ɵǳعܲ˺ҡ
ʱ֪Ҳ䴽Ҳǹ̻󣬿ֲô򵥡
ҳ,ɣ
ʱл֢֮ʱ֪ٳѧʱѧı̻󷨣󷨵Ĺż࣬ڲǴͨо󷨣µһżҳϿ޸Ĺ̻󷨣Ϊꡣ
ֻʮգ󷨾ȹڣײ꣬ˣɢ֢֮ҲܽɢĻ꣬Σ
ɵһ䣬һʤȯյɫڷ˱仯һ˫۾סʱ֪١
ʱ֪ټ֪ԼĲ²ûʦ
Ĳ֪ʲôĶֻʦ͵һ֣ȻѡԲ޿֡
ܿ죬ɵЦ̻ꣿֳǻǼʮ궼ûȹ̹ͬ˵ãֳĻҪżҷͩľ
ʱ֪ɫ䡰ˮ˰ֳΣʱ϶ҪѰҷͩľ޸˵ţ㿴ɵɫһ䣬ٿ֪١
ʱ֪΢٣ɵʦ𣿡
ɵȴûɻؿ˿ܡҲ뿪ˣǡ
ʱ֪ٽ󷨣ʦάգһҵ취
ɵҪ˵еʡϼͬҼˣҪǴ˿
ɵʱ֪٣˶٣ظȻʱ֪ٵһһɫƿ㽫
ʱ֪ߵԣƿóȴûнɵʲô
ɵⵤҩѹסڵĶʱˣŰټɽʱǶסҡӹʱ֪ĵҩͬʱԸȥǱߣһۣɽΨһԴƽֱ뿪ķзб䣬ֱ뿪
ʱ֪ٿǰˣȷʵʦƽ̬飬ǶĶĸоǲͬģȷ˵ľɵɲ֪ΪΣԼﲻԾʦ֮ǰ㻹ܿڵĶΪγⵤҩܿסˣ
ɵ̾ϢһĹ̻ȷʵЩôֻƺҵҪ϶Ϊһˡ
ʱ֪ɫһ䣬ɵδⲻǺ£չҵڣҷһҲиʱҵѹķʽЦЦ֪٣㼰ڵӣʦΪΪʦҲͬ˵ˣΪ׼˼ڵʽȥɣʦҲͷڵģ
ʱ֪١ϣʦΪҼӹڡ
ɵЦЦȴǣʦ͹
ʱٰ֪Űɡģ
ɵͷǸϵϣʦΪӹڡ
ʱ֪ٿɵЦͷĸоԽԽأǰʦȷʵʦû뵽˵һʱֽ֪ѹȥմӦá
Ĺ̻ڣʦǶӦ޷ʲôҼӹҲҪãʱɣȻ룬ʱ֪ȴɽһ鱻ӳˮʯһǣܹʱƿصڶ
һߣʱ֪뿪ãŰټҾ
ϵɵһ˿ݣɵ˵ʮ֮ѵôδʱǱ
ɵվת¶Ѫģİֵλ
һɵôˣ
ɵº͵ץͽ˵ˡ
桰ģ˵ţȻ˽µ󷨣ɫһ䡰ʲô󷨣
ɵ¶Ц
ΪԪ󣬲󷨻δ˸Ķ֮ǰи֣Сϻ׼󡣡
һߣ˼ӹʽʱ֪٣Ҳɫ䣬ܲ˳Ӷȥ
ϻ׼Ϲ󷨲ȴ̻󷨲֢ͬһ˫꣬϶ΪһΪһ塣
󷨵֣ʱ֪ٲڲʱԼĲԵʲô
ղŵʦֹ̬ǰһϸ΢ĸоҲܶϣĳЩ˵Ķȴˣ֮ǰûʶڲŷӦĴ־ҪֽȻͬоǸոգʦϾȻָо֮ǰֻʦѹ˶Ķ˿ȴߺ϶Ϊһһ׼ֻ꣬±ɵһֻʶΪִߡ
׼ʦ𣬶ִȴǶĶǶʦִҲںʦһ֣ڵɵҲǣԲܻʱ֪ٵĸй١
󷨣ɹɵ˵ģǲʱΪΣȴ֪Ѿ˰ϸ΢ʱ֪Լ
ҳ,ɣ


94 
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֮, ʯɹ⣬Ÿڵꡣ
¹ббɽϷ£ʯԽӦ, ӨӨ΢˫Ŀյ꣬өѻڽϣɳ˯ڷ
΢ӹө, ΢΢, ׵ָĶջ, ת񴲱ߵˣδѣ
ʱҡͷȻѹסħ, ߻ħҪʱȶڸ, ǿͻƣһ׮׮»ҪһӲѡ
֮ͷ, £ʳָָ䣬ԴԴϵͨ裬ָתƵʱϡ
ʱһ, ʱɾȻѾ, ֮ÿ춼һ, Ȼȫʱ, Ȼ, ʱҲδѡ
޴ӵ֪ɽϵ׷ʲô, ֻܴݵĴ֮, ƴճʱɽϷ顣
֪ǵڼ, ʱɾɱɵʱɵԴ, ǻһ㣬˵˴δ˵ģʱһ飺Сƣǽֱһҡβͣǵ·ǱʱЩԵĶˡ鿵ʦֵܣİǣûһ˲ϲֳܣһ֮ҳߣǶѰ̯·ߵһͬҵǶӣ궼ԼҵĺƵģſڶ·˵ŵ̯Ҫϼ׼ȥҲǵõŴڽǶӣҹĵˡ
ʱ֮ʱ֪ٵĺȻ泾ϣҲӰ֮ߵʱԽԽֹ֪ۣʱ֪µҲû취ŲطʱʵЩ
ǰ֮ʱ֪ٹϵٺã֮Ҳ̫ණˣ̫֮ӣԼҪȫ飬ټʱ֪ĺؾԼɵҲǰ֮ʦһ㡣
֪ʱ֪ʲôʱŻ׻˵òǰТӡ֮Ϊʱ֪ļߣ֮Ҳ
ʱƬ̣£֪ɵҲʦ𣬵ңĲɱɵ壬֮ǰͨõжӶãɼǶ֪ĿҲûܰæͰһôɱԼʦ𣬾ɵĶʲô˵ʱŰУҲֻѡɵɱйޣ
֮ɤܵж壬˱̡֪֮
*
дƤֱӴ͸࣬Ѫ˳żȵġ
ʱ֪ٲҰγʸֻܶס˿ڣʦ𣡡
ɵɫҰף۵ȴºͣúܺãסҪֻʦС
ʦ𣡡ʱ֪ɵס࣬ľϵԴԴϵڣͽִӺؾ
óһöʺɫԲ
ɵЦЦܿݵߵǿһЦʦ𡣡
ʱ֪ʲôȥߴգ԰ԣ
ɵҡͷȻĿһݣʱ֪
һƱ͵Ĳֵ΢٣Ѿ׼õ˵Ѹѿڶ쳹ɽʱǱ㾹Ȼ߱ʦ
ʱ֪Ŀӹɵ֧ŵģʱ֪Ľ磬һһٵʱǱɵ֮ʳ֣һɱɵ壬ʦ֮˵ö֮
ͨǿ쳹ɽɽµĳҲ
ʱ֪ȴ棬ֱӽΪ֭ԴɵУȻ֭ȴߣƷŵƿ
ƷЦ游Ի׹ǣ㾴׸
ź룺Ӷң
ʱ֪ٵĽƷź䣬
Ʒû뵽ʱ֪ͬΪԪӤԲȻܹ˲Ϣ֮͵ǰ޵ֿ֮³ɺһͬӿͷЦһʱǱҲڵĴýңͲһ̾û𣿡
ʱ֪٣ҡ
ƷŻ˻еƿӣ˿Ϊ⣺ҲΣ
䣬һƱʱ֪ٲܲˣӽƵƷŲòˣһԾƷƿȻϵķȴδ֮һƺȴĿѣʦ𣡡
濴Һιɵеʱ֪٣ްǲ֪ʱϲرﵽ׻жٺöû鵽
ʱ֪ۿɵ˽ȥڷЩʦûоúЩ
ɵοЦҪ˵ЩʲôͻȻüͷʱ֪پ㵣ͼ鴤һ£ٿһںںɫѪҺ
ѪҺֱֱϣʱ֪ͷѪҺ˳ŷ˿£۽ϣۼѪҺˣҲסԲһƬãȻȾѪɫʦ𡭡
ʦ𣡡
ɵʬʱ֪ٵı们䣬ɺѪҺڣڵ͸ɫƿɫζҺʣһΣ䲻عƿڡ
ʱ֪ƿӣҪսǼ⣬Ѿ֪Һ
ʱǱô˼ʦһ˵Ȼ¶ʦ𣡡
ŭɤǾڶߣǸ˺Զʱֻ֪ɵʬ壬ز
ʦ³ѪҺʱץƣ΢ŵһ仰˿ͬ߻صĴҪ
ĲĴ
ӺؾʼһеһУΪ˽յĽ
ʱûˣֳɩɩˣھʦҲҪΪ˶˵ĴŸԼס
һʼֻʱڲźؾöãϺʱϣؾҲڴʱ֣ûнȥؾͲ֪ʲôܻɵ
Ҫһ֮޸֮ĹϵͲϺҲܽɴĶʱ֡
ղᶨԼֱͲؽһӳˮʯڵڣȫʦԵݣΪǶ׶ʦ𣬴ҴҸ仰㱻ŭһʦ
㹻ϸģͻָᷢûʲôϻ׼󣬴ʼնֻĹ̻󷨣ͻ֪Ϊѱ˱ľģһжΪ˽аħӡڣܿƷŵƿҺ˶ҩ
ԽǶҩιʦҲˡ
ȥʱ֪ѾѪһϢܼæֹٴƣʱǱԾ
Ȳޣ̧һЦûﲻԾԽԼι˶ҩʦ¶ѡ
ܼٴס棺ƲʱǱؾء
֣Ʒŵʱ֪ѺƼңߡ
Ʒһˣߵʱ֪ߣһŽ߷˫ۣؿޱ泩ôҲǣǿʱһǧˣڻʦʱӦõģҪҲõǺؾ֮ʱ֪ɢͷѪҺ䣬˵ռڰ⼰񡭡
֪ĸִʱ֪٣ٿһ̧
ǵֳɩɩ˵֮ǲܶģʦҲ˵ڵӣ뿴ͷڵģ
ʱǱʱ֪վƷʶ˰벽ӸŲ;ʧ棬̧ȳʱ֪ȥ˭ģ
ֻһȻߵˣȴʱ֪ûκӰ죬ʲôĿƵģֱֱĳȥľȻģʧ־
ƷŲ֪ΪΣͻȻЩȻһӣץסˣʲôʱǱʦ棬еץʣ
ƷŻع񣬡ǣ
ֻȴ֣׷ʱ֪٣ȥʱ֪ǰվס
ʱ֪ȴŲʣƺûɽߡ
Ʒ׼֣ͼɽºƺһȺɽӡ
·Ϻͽͷǰһŷֱסɽеϣֱӷɵʱ֪ߣơ
бΪɵ˵Ҫ£ֻʣƷźܼŰټҶڵ⣬֮ǰٴĶҲƢԼܼ󷨵赲ܽȥʱɽˣҲˣȻһǰô¡
Ȼ·ϸûᣬһɵʬ
棬ʹʲôҲɽ飬Ѷĵ·
ºͣȴ䣺Уܼɽܼ󷨣ɽӽΪ⣿
ݺݵһܼû뵽󷨲ǰ֧ĳϣȴû뵽Ǳ·Ϻͽ󷨡
ܼ·ϻҽ֮ͣǰҲʵǲòΪ֮ʱǱǱ⣬Ƕ׷ȴ޹ɽΨһĻᣬһͿ󷨣¡
ЦһǷҲɽӣɽãֵõץˣ
ܼ֪ģ˵ˡ
ȴ빦һ񣺡ʱǱɱҶɱϼʮӣ뽫ӦòΪɣ
·ϵʱһҪ˵
ôһ˵ɫŰټҼ״Ҳͷ񣬷׷ײԡ
·Ѿֵλɽɡ
棺֪·ҪδʱǱ
·ϣɽļ£Ͳˡ
˵Ҳ˵һӱʱ֪ٺӻ塣

ϵһһֱŵʱͷˣɣ
ʱ֪ٻۣʱʱһ㶣֪뵽ʲôٿҡȻճڣڼֱߵĺɫ彣ʱȻֹѸԼĵڸŨħͬһˮͷ£˲ѣɱʦ𡣡
ʱϲıһͣ˵ʲôſȴֲ֪˵ʲô
ʱ֪ٴ۽ޣ
ʱ֪۵׵ĹѸȥĴź˵ĻǲԸҲòˣûжʣֻشȣڹڣǵµһ˽
ʱ֪٣¡֮𣿡
ʱӴóһʳУЩͨǳģ㰮Եģ˯ô϶ˣһɡ
ʱ֪Ŀɨʳʲôʣʱ֪֪үģ
ʱҡͷҺ͵µõϢȥɽʱֻ㡭һˡ
ʱ֪תʱΧˣȻħȴûмǣҵҵʱôֻһˣҰЩ˶ɱˡ
ʱ΢٣ֱ̧ʱ֪٣Ҳ֪׷ʲôţԲĵ飬ֻҪģôͲҪ黳
ʱ֪ЦˣġɱɵӦ˰ɡ
ʱһԭ򡣡
ʱ֪ҡͷûԭ򣬾Һʦ𡣡
ʱ㺦ɵϺ·ôᱣ㣿
ʱ֪ٴȴ˻ص顣
ʱ˼·ι˵ҩķѹȻʱѾħףΪʱǸеѪʱ
ħףչذ»Ҳȫƽħ⡣
оתתΪħϣʱħӡ
ʦ֮֮Ҷɽ£ɽȻҲҪúôɱһͨܽͷ֮ޡ
ٺǽϽƶı齣ʱգħһ̣ħȻͬʱתһͻ˷
һ׽ɳ֮⣬֮䣬Ѫ٣ɱ˲ٳˡ
ϧƷˡ
׳ǵףߣʱħΪ;յľž׽٣ʱ֪ʮħ£ͻƷ񣬱ضɢ˳ɹ١
ȻôܷŹᣬѾɽ٣Ͱ࣬ٹҲ޷ɱǽ׽پͲһˣħ޶ɽٱ֮Ѱʿ׽ҪҰٱž׽еĵھŵ޼׽٣÷е޼֮⣬ɼ
д޽ɶȫ޼׽٣ʱ֪ܹɱΨһĻᡣ
˵ǣ׽ƺ֪⣬Ȼһ붼ϣϧǣܼϾȻдеİƷˡ
ۼʱ֪ħӿʱ󾪣ɣһЩ
ʱ֪ȴԼǰδеѣҴ֪Ҫγ˽Щˡ


95 
ܼ
޶,ɽ
λ齣ʿڵ̸
˵ûܼץˣ
ִ˻棿Ϊû˿
ȻģԶ󶼿,Ϊ˷ֹӳ
˵ܼһζ
ҵò,˵ҲǺؾˣ˵,ôȴ©ܼ,Ȼнġ
֮
,߶ļ˶һۣ뿪˾
Ϊ׵ɫ࣬˱ȴЩƣʦ,˵ǵϢ𣿡
ʦ壺Ǵ̽ôöû֪ٵϢ,˳߳ɰա
⼸ʱүʱʣµļӣԴʱ֪ȥɽ֮,Ǿʧȥϵû,˾֪ʱ֪߱ʦһа,ŰټҺҲ²סһ˵ĴҲֵ÷з,ǴҴҸɽ£ȴûҵʱ֪١
֮Ѿһ࣬ǻûʱ֪ٵϢֱǰ˵ʱ֪ɽ֣ǲ˳˹
һСӵҲţСүʴӱ츳Ƿ,ܼȺں֮ôץס
һҲͷСүôౣ,кؾ,ܱץˣٲؾȥҲܱץ
үߵĵȴû˵үһҲʱٰ֪˳ɿıܼҴˡ
ʦ档ӵܼҴǧδˣһɽ涼ûôôȥ
үĿⵣǣ̾˿취
һߣԶİ
ڷҵ걻һ֮У۲ָֻˮµ
֨ѽһűŤƿһµڣȻޱţƺ֪ˡ
Sʱ֪ٴ׾ģһЦ벻ɣҲн졣
̧ͷһ˭
Sɫ䣬۵һ˿ŭ⣬ܿѹȥһߵ˵Ʒ֣ҲˣʱǱѾʧһѣӲȥҪҺҸ׶û֮ǰ̸ҪӦ
Ʒɤ˻ƣ
SЦˣòץסˣѵܳ˵ˣҸܵҲǵƤ˰ˣҸױҼǺؾʬ޴ˡ
ƷžþòSɣƷ֣
Ʒţ˵紫ԣ
S˺һŴ𣺡ˡ˶٣ʣƷ־ôǷʵ
ƷţǲʵҪ˲֪
S棺ԣ
ƷֻܲҴӦĽס
˵꣬ҵٴδ򿪣Ǽȥʱ΢Ƶɤ𣺡ʲôԣ
˶ǽŲһ٣Ʒû˵SһЦӵǧһһˣһ첻ôʲôõĶռˣֻﶼҪƽ⣬ʧҲһ³עˡ
Ʒԡ
Sһҭݵر죬һ˦һҡ
Ʒ벽תͷʱ֪٣Ҳ뿪ˡ
ٴιϣһƬڰ֮Уʱ֪ٵĿȴ׼µһ㣬üĿ
Դǻʶ֪֣ͼ죬һȥ
ʱ֪ü΢SʧˣȴѴ֮һٱʱѾϣԶĺ
ԴܼóǼ֮ǰδ˵İʱʱ֪پ⡣ھвʱϵʱ֪ȴڼ¼Ĺżϼ
ΪӢ죬˵ԪķʱΪֵ٣ٴ֮ΪһֱΪãֱǧǰħս֮Ž˰ԪһıӶʧС
ӢһõȿΪۣ󷨵ȼʹùֶΣҲǶмǿ൱ܵЧ
Ȼ֮⣬֪Ӣ컹һǡݡ
ݾڻþ֮лʱ䲻ͬӢĻݿеĻʵ֮жֻҪǻܻݡ
ʱ֪ȴԸ⽫˳Ϊᡱ
ƩһŵĻӢص֮ǰŵʱ򣬿ɻҲ˸ۣ˺Ҳ޷šһгɵˣӢݵҲҲ޷
ܼһ㾡ҪĲ֮׵ĵλϵ٣Ҫǿݷ꣬ƽʱº˹ģȴᵱڳSùΪ츳ñ˭أ˸Ϊ˱Ľײ֪к˶
Ȼˣʱ֪پҪһԣ㽶ǿһϦ֮Ϊ˵ζ
ǰ죬֧ʱ˳ΪľǱܼץסԶ뱾Ľ󷨲ѽ⣬ѵܼһֱصģǴ²Ĵ
Ƕֲܼҵ״Ӻͼסд·ԱܼĵѪ͸硣ʱ֪پͷ󷨣ȴûҵ֮ûдıżϼ󷨡
һһ˼䲼֮ʱʱһĴϵ۹ı󣬱ΨΪۿֻҲֻ󷨸޷Žʧżҳ϶ҲӰӣʱʱ֪ϵ̸Ҳܻϵ˵Ĳ֮䣬ȴԶĵμΪơ
˱˰ӢΪۣһ뷨㸡ʱ֪Ժ
ֻڲұɽˮˮãҪԶĵжϣʱ֪һʱҲûҵֻۣٴαܼץܼڲװҵУʵ÷һԪѰۡ
ʱ˿̣ʱ֪ѾֻҪһҲҪһˣļƻܳɹˡ
ʱ֪ܼҵ̽ϸµĹ۲ÿһѰĵطһʯͷʱȻ̸ԶԶŲһ٣㵽ϡ
Զϵ۵ĵ˹߱죺
ʦÿշ༫ƷʯµΪʲô
˭֪أֻܼʯ̼ûˣҶۡ
ʲô۵ģʦʯֲʯ
ʮ궼ѵһ鼫ƷʯôͲˣ
С
ۼҪһæתƻ⣺ˣû˵Ĵԣ
ʲôԣ
ʲôĴһǹģ
Ҳǣ˵ʲôԣ
ϵʱ֪ҲѲӵĿ˻¡
ֻǵӹҿ˵ؾʱǱΪ޹֮壬ؾ޷Ϊؾ֮УֻҪƤǣؾ
㡭δҲ̫޻̸֮˰ɣ
˭֪žͲףؾǶıֻҪһϣץסѵҪһԣ
ǼҲ
˭֪أ
˰Դ˵Żһһɤ.Ƿʯʲô
˽ʦֺɢʯºˡǴʦҲֻԶԶۣû뿪ˡ
ʱ֪ٴĿֻЩƷʯͣһ˲ܿƿˡ
ܼʮֽܽӢֵطĿŵõʯӸԻĿ̽ˡ
ʱ֪»صʯͷǣ۲һ⿪ǰ۷
һȥͼһӸڰգһٵ¹Ϸ澹ȻҲһСؾ

һߣܼںƷ̸
ֶܼ֪Ĵԣ
Ʒţؾ޹֮Ĵԣ
ܼǡ
Ʒţܲţ
ܼܴôԶضм٣ã߷ּ١
Ʒţ֣ܲ
ܼЦЦ޹塣
ƷЦ޹ڴ˵ǣʱǱٺҲǷ򷲸ôܡ
ܼζ˲֪ʱǱңԤԣȴ֪ңĻ˵ʲô
ݽ֪ʱ֪ٳʱҺԣҲˡԵۺϲֶӣǡҲӣ㳣ʱǱӵн̵ʱ˼ѾĬʱǱһδҲҹӲͬգѧĸΪ֮
Ȼ˭Ҳû뵽ʱٰ֪գϼ죬ʥͥԺеСǱϼ֣ࡣ
ʱͼϼɢСɾʥ»ۣйâʢͬԣͯǡң꣬ԵӸǣһص֮
֮ʱ֪پһͻ¡
֪ǣ֮⣬ңӻʱ֪޹֮壬Ϊһ޶֮νɸɹǣ϶ķӣ˵ĸҲѳһＫطʱǱȻĻԵȻܺȱݣȱж
һǰ֮ǰܹĸǣΪԶδķ֮ʹزۣʳ֮ңСܱչˣһǹȥˡ
ĸĵر׷Ҳ׷Ψǿ󣬲¡
ң˵Щͷˡ
ʱҲʱǱǣֻ˵⣬ʱҵӣ֮ǰһֱѹΪøֱźһ
ҲˣԵۺʱ϶ʱ֪ٵıܣ˻ʳǺͽ꣬ȥطÿγиڣ˿ɡ

ƷâȷʵɣȻʱ϶ܼ֪ģ
ܼЦûв͸ǽοʱ϶ˣǵȻҪˮⷭһ
ƷţƲȷϢм棿
ܼƶʮ֡
Ʒٿվ𣺡ʱǱģ
ܼ˿żֶ԰꣬ܲǿģڸҲҪ̹ϵĺ
Ʒǿࣺʲô˼
ܼһЦҪ˵ʱɫٿһ䣬תۼͲӰ
ͬʱʱٰ֪ڵأɫҰ׵ؽסӢ죬ĵѪա
Ļʱô򵥣ݵʱԽҪĹԽ࣬ӢܼΪҪǰǧ꣬ʱ֪һ֮޷ܣʱ϶ĵرûʱϵģкؾġ
ֻǴʱ˿̣ѾʱзڱӢȡģѪҺҲǺؾҲΪкؾŸ˴㡣
ܼϵʱʱ֪Ѿûһ˿ѪɫƤ׵ý͸
ʱǱ֪֪ʲôӢ죡
ܼһɫȻ䣬ָʱ֪ȴǰһΪӢѾ⣬Ҳᱻ
ʱ֪ɫףȴ򶨣ܼҵҪлл㲻ǻӢ컹δȻҲôײ
ܼɫѿҪʲô
ʱ֪ٸܵ˵ΪѸ壬õع˹˵أ
ܼţˣѾ񣬶ɽܴ֮ˣΪԿԷȻΪˡΪ˱ܼҲҪԼ;𣿡
ʱ֪Цˣ·һ߯û˼ˣȪ·Ҳһ֣ܼһͬ飬ܼΣ
ܼɫŵú˰벽סǽڣˡ˵꣬Ѹٳȥ
ȥ
ʱ֪ٵᣬܼȷʵֻȾѪɫӢٿسͷһϢΪһء
ܼɫ˲Ұףһڵء
ŷSܼҵǼܼһ/ʦ𣡡
ܼңܣ
Sһ٣
ܰ
ܼʹȫϵķSȥ֪ߣߣ
Sܼһۣתˡ
ʱ֪ټһĻҲû׷ҪĿֻܼΪȫûˣŻὫעתˡ
ܼӢڵϣڷٵ˵ΪԽԽϡ
ʱ֪ҲĬؿһС
ܼӱΪ˲ʱ䣬ٿʱ˵ҲɣɳˣһΪʱǱ㣬ŹSɡ
ʱ֪ٽס»صϵӢ죬ұҪӦ𣿡
ܼΡΡҡҡͷҸ¶˾֮ˣԴΪ
ʱ֪һ٣˭
ܼϡʱ֪ɫʱ˿̣ûҪƭ㣬ƶ֮ˣ֮˭Ϳ˭ǻλˡ
ʱ֪Ȼж⡣
ܼɫӦ֮ͻȻЦˣҲǣϺҵļƻܿܣô²˭¶ԵأͣЦʱٰ֪㣬һ޾㲻뵱ʵۣҲԸĳɱ˾˼ڻλϣԲԣʱٰ֪ʱ֪٣ҵж࿴ؼˣԭҲΪԼ
ʱ֪ûб粵ֻȻѾµ飬Ͳǽ
ܼŭΣ
ʱ֪ٶһۣ֪һֱ̽ҵϢɽҪסӣɽ󷨺ҽɡ
ܼһô֪о֪˵©죬漴ɽԶʤܼ󷨣Ҳûо͸
޷жٸҶپС
ܼ˼Ƭ̣Ӧ
ʱ֪ŴӢ뿪ʱܼѾӣ΢Լǲģǰ˵Ϊʱϱ˾ԵҲ꣬ȴĳң⣬Ե۵鲻֪ö
ʱ֪ٽŲһ٣Ŀ⳯һۣͷҲص뿪ˡ
µǼȵߣʱ֪ڻʹôʱ䣬ô鲻˭ɱȵۣȻ˽ˣֳǾ˾ˣ׼ҷµΪ˾˱ʱ˾˸ǰĴ̫ȴһʥּ
˾˲գδ¹ʲôʥּ
һյʥּҲʮּԣǼ飬Ƿ񰲺ã£Ҫ̫̿࣬úɩĻûϲӣֻһдµ۵пȴıɿΡ


96 
Ҳֻ, Ӣʱ֪࣬һ·ոʱŰϵΪֱԶ롣
Զ뽨һƬɽ֮, ֻƣ󷨰أǲϤˣѴһģһҵ·޷ִΪתλ
, ¶ǵĴ񱻲ȵ, 졣
ʱ֪ͣ½Ų, ӢΧ޷Ʈ
ɡ
ĴһƬž, , ϸϸܵģڿ֮ĸO@ǿ, ˷ϯ
ֻЩӶûܿʱ֪٣ͱӢѹ
Ʒ̰ĿӢ죬ŵSĲӣǰǻȻ϶û
SŻش𣬡֮ǰҲ֪Ҳûиҹ
Ʒȴ˵ʲô۵ڱصã޷, ܿͻҵˡ
Súܷۣȴһֶ˵, ֻ˳, һڵͷȥ
ЩѾȫӢ, Sȴ֪, Щֻʱ֪עСˣǲɫ任󷨣裬ͿĨҶ֦ԼڵĵҩͷϷ
ʱ֪Ҳµ󷨣ǿ󷨵ƽ֮Ҫߵ裬öѵֶΣֻҪչ̶裬һһߵۣ󷨾ͿƳ
ȻSô򵥵
ʱ֪лɣȴҲΪ
Ӣ󲿷ΪֻΪ˿ǰӢˣάסԭеòұһΪΪҲǽڰˡ
ʱ˿̣˵ǶSͨϵӿܶȫˡ
ʱ֪ټȻԶ룬Ӣ죬ûȫ˵ķӣȻҲ֮ʱҲûϵүǣǰˡ
Ƭ̣ʱֱ֪ӳȥ
һߣƷ¶гĶЦݣʱ֪ٴϻҲûֵλεıνһʮᣬȻ֪ʱ˿ʱ֪ôһ˾ܼԦģܼӢϰ궼ʹãɼʹҪĴۡ
Ȼʱ֪ˣôҲʱ򸶳ˡ
ʱ֪پᵽ˿вͬѰζֻɫ䣬ɼǰߣΪ֪ƷǾΧ
Ӣ컹ȫΪã˿Ϊ΢ټûԶ󷨵ļӳ֣ҪʹӢ죬ҪͱȡΪ˿ü
һǰһʱʱ֪ٺͶһߵƷŵͬʱתͷһȥ
֮⣬ʱ֪Ǽʮ׵ĵطһһ߼һߵ̸ܼҵ󷨺ֱˣ֮ǰ·ġ
Ϥʱ֪ɫһ䣬ƷǱҲѸٷӦûþʹ˴
ʱ֪ѹĵ׵ǣүΪƷȺӦá
û꣬ͣ漴ǼƺߣƬ̣ʱүԼʱϵӶ˹
ɫѣȴȻѾ޷ˡ
ֱҲزƷҲˣֱӴ۴˳SһϵӣԼϵЮֵʱˡ
ʱǱӢ죬ȻԼ߹ߡĿһɨϵӾѾóһѴ㶾УһʱϵӵĲϣǵ
ʱ֪۵׵ƽѣȴȻ侲ǵĿңǣҷӢ졣
Ʒ̧֣ʾϵӽذÿڣͰĲ裬һ߳ɡ˶٣ƺòգͳһƿŵҩںɫͺɫͣһ£̶һЦȻȰŵҩˡ
ɫҩʱ֪ٶȥȴڰ;סүֱӽҩ˽ȥҩһ븹ʹϮǿʹǣߡ
ʱ֪٣ʲôҩ
Ʒؿү漴һЦʲôҩǴƶǰˣֲˣֻܣˡ
ϵͬʱذ׵סʱϵӺүĺǿźɫҩʱ֪
Ʒţ
ʱ֪ŵҩȷǡ
ƷЦʸ̸𣿡
˵ţѾһ˽һʱϵӡ
ʱ֪ɫһ䣺ƷţˣϻӢ졣
ƷЦ˵Ӣ죬˵ذ׿죬ˣǸˣϹ֮ǰҵ˶ι˵ҩϵģӦһܶĶûˡ
ʱ֪Գ˿ȥȻһɫ԰ףǱ˴ӺЮţʵֺͽŶţǿںϵϲվȡ
Ҷġ
ãҡү
ʱ֪ȻͫӳүȻѪ䣬ڵϣղŻʻˣȴ˴룬˼ϣϢ
үʱֻ֪ǰеĹʧΨƽﲢУȴʱɹʺɫ
ƷҲɫһ䣬û뵽˱仯ȻʲôʣµʱӵܱͬԼһ㣬ͬʱײǰĵС
𣬵仮Ƥ⣬ȻѪⷭɣȴҲûﵽȵĵز
ʱ֪۵ױѪȾ죬ӳЩǰһ̻ʻ˿ȴŤŵ׵ϤӰ֪˼ƺʲôѵ֪ԺھҵĲ֮£ƺһԶĳطʹƳ壬óٶãȻֻؿǰٶãȻ
ôͱ
̶һ˲֮䣬ƷŶû뵽˷չSǴ㵵õɴ۾Ťͷһʬ壬Լͫײꡣ
ƷȻжݵĴ㵣ȴܿعʶĺûᡣ
һֱʱ֪ٵĲϣǰһǿʣµļꡣ
Ѵ֮ץסʱ֪٣Ʒãߣ
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պʱ֪ٳĳϿȵĴţʱĶ
ϿݺύһƬ֣ӣûκλܹһʱ䣬ȻѶʱȴûκԥԭͳȥ
ֹһգ֮ʱ֪٣ʱӰ

ʱ֪ʱʮƺĳЩ仯Ȼ׵ͷԼأ˿ħһԣ֪Ķðĺ
Ȼѯʱ֮ȴֻ˵Ǹĳֵҩ֮ǰȥȽСǰ㡣
ʱٰ֪ŰɣȴûʲôɣҲûɡ
˶ÿճϵʱ򣬻ΪĳֱʹȥԺ¹ܶʱ򶼶Դڷһĳһ򷢴
ֱ乬һ塣
Ǻ֮ǰֻŭ壬ɼ֮ȴɫ䣬ֺ
ʱ֪ٲģɲ֪ΪΣȴĳַ䷴ӦϤסǺÿһС
ҲǴʱʱ֪ٲĳЩҲǰˣϣ
۵׵ĺԹɱϮʱ֪٣͸ȥ
һûдʱ֪٣ϻİ֮ˡ
ʱ֪һֱٶţûתӣڿʼתת۵׵ľȻһȥ͸
ѵĹ⣬ҲŵģԸʹʹࡣ
ʱأŰ֮ƺЩʱˣʱΪʲôң
ʱú޲Ƥһһִм𣿡
ʱ֪ٳٶ۵գ۾Ŀһתϣǡʲô˼
ϿãȻɫ˰ֹ֮۵׵ĺ붾Һһͬӿ㸹еʱģ˵ϣڳڵڲϣ
ʱֻ֪ãÿһһȴ޷е˼
ֻ֮ȣʲô˼
֮˱ۣûüڣǰѾʧ߷Χ


97 

¡һ, ƬѵĲʱǱ
½УдȱȥϿȵԼ, ĴѰİ֮, ޺޽ϴĻ桭յĶ, ʦõԪʼ, ˿Ϸط̨, תըʱ, ѤޱȵĻ⡣
ȵ¶ɢȥľȻ, ʱǱü, ֮оƺﲻԡ
ʱǱ
ԹɤԶϵ, һ㼦Ƥ
ʱǱ۽޲, ۾
ӳǰ֮Ĳ, ֽ𣺡вʣ
ʱǱҡҡͷʲôʱˣ
֮˯ա
ʱǱ΢, 졭̧Χ, ֻû
΢ֱڶϣʱ֪һ֮Ѿջ֡
޷𣿡
ʱǱü, żԴ
֮Ĭһ, ڵаѾȫγ, Լһڸ, Ƿ
ʱ֪Գڸ֮УȻһֱļƺѾʧۣлˡ
֮Ц۾漴Ҳ𴽽ǣء
ʱǱ´ˡ˸ͷͬӦرңҾͲˡ
˵꣬ûлͷȴϸߣȴ֮ķӦ
á
صʱǱʼδȻͷã
֮㵵۵Цӹô㲻ߣ
ʱǱҵȻ룡˶٣㲻𣿡
֮ߵߣץס֡
ʱǱɣʲô
֮󣬷תҩ
ʱǱһ٣Ƥģ۽ޣû£ܿͻá
֮ȴ£ҩȵͿġ
ʱǱ˳Ľëһ˲
ۣ
̧֮ʱǱٿջߣڵۣʲô
һ䣬͸о֮ץסսˣɻȥȴ֮ѾſСҲ۵ġ
ʱǱȴ⻰ʣЦҼǵ֮ǰ˼Ҵؿѿ˶˵ֻˣ˼˷绯ء
̧֮Ǳˡ
֪ΪΣʱǱöЩ̡
ʵҲСûʲô뵱
ڰ֮Ȼֹ
Сʱ֪ƿߣһǧȥˣ֪֪ʲôĴŷǺܴ۵ģֻɻ֪֪
֮ûзڿתƻ⣬ĵػش𣺡ǧҲǴδȣֻδãùֻԶԶǧǰֻڵʻķɻʱδеʿ嶼յŵĺͼһܿкߵĵط򡣡
ʱǱһһش𣬲֪ΪʲôȻЩЦǴӵӿϪðݣˬãǣǵĻȡ
ԺðĳѿڶԺлһɻɣҲóһִƼˡ
֮ܿش𣺡á
ʱǱȴԼⷬԼһ˵Լû˼֮۵׵Ц֮ĪԼմˮǺĸܣǼεմɬݳ嵽Ǽ⣬̼ۿȴ
ǡԺл˵ɡ
˵ʱʱǱȥš
֣һżݸ֮ϴš
֮𿪣һĿʮУɫء
ʱ֪ټ״ôˣ
֮аᳬ
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վٴ𣬾˯ˡ
˴˸ڴĺ֮ޣȥ¥¼ϡ
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Ӧн
䣬ƵǺûн
֮´˼·ȷ϶ˣͺͽһҴҳš
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˾аٶȼ죬Χ㣬ܻӰ쵽Χİգ棬ΧɢȺյƲȫ
֮޼ͬʱת
˾¾ñһΣǱɽҪΣյ񣬵ûѡֱֻǰϰллǡ
˾ϹæܿӦġ
˾ֱҲӦġ
ûʱ˵лǺܿλãսۺðȫ󣬲Ǵ˿
֮ԽԽԶĻأʽ˵ʱСǱ᲻ʱûǻ᲻ᵣġ
ҲŴ⣬ɤȴǵġ


98 

֮õϴϢ֮, ȥ£ֿʱǱ
ʱǱӲĥ˿, ӦȥתһתȻû֮߳޵һ֪ĴĺֹͯסĽŲ
ʱǱվԭϸĥƺе죿
ֿƫ, ѵ֮ǰԵʱ޴˳
ʱǱ, ȻȻҾ˵ʲô
֮ǰһ֮ӾֻʣĶô, ֱӽ޴С˾, ˿ԽԽĿ, ̲סе飺ðɣ
ûлش, ǵԹȥ
ʱǱҲӦȥ, Ųһתķȥ
ûƫſ, һں壺ⲻǶˣʲôɿ޵ġ
۵ɤش𣺡ӶһǧˣôܱСӣ
ԭҲô, 㻹ɶӣ
١Ҳöʮַ꣡ǳᶨҵúʱǱһУ
ʱǱȷ˭, ֱӽһ, ҿĸСͷһ
δ, ʱǱԭء
ԺŸ۵Ск, °ɫ´ཱུͷϣϲֿɰʱһǰʱ, һģһ
СкڵĽëϻ, ʱǱ, , ǶֵСֵס׼㿴
ʱǱعһ·ԽˣСкǰ¡
ɤЩʲô֣
СкСָͷ¶һ϶ѣ㲻ʶ
ʱǱջгֵĻ両ǰϿһ̲ѪԼ𻵵ͬҹجΣǰ۵ĺӣȴͬһ⣬ӳյ˽
СؽСкϸϸ꣬ĵ׵ڴȴ벻һͬǲǡʱ
Скգ۾ƺΪʲôı飬Ҳȥҡҡͷɤࡣ
ʱǱתͷ֣ôʱ
֪δ֮⣬ĵ̾ϢƬ̺󣬵ºһķܷʽѰ嶼ͬº»֮е壬ϵһֻ֮һֻÿһº֮󶼻ڵ֮µϢʱˣĵϢͻһֻº
ʱǱ⣺ºҪ֮ͬ²ܳɳ𣿡
֣ºɳַʽһǵ֮һºߣ»֮СºȵСºɳ֮һºͻɢСº֮ǰʵͨʵûж𣬲ºһַʽǰһºȫ»֮һºСºȫ»ֱ֮ӳɳ죬Ϊ
ʱǱδĻ˵ȥΪûʱ»֮ҲûʱߴţԲһֱ󡣡
ֳĬƬ̣ǡ
˵ʲôСȣںڵ۾Ǻ棺˵Ҹ𣿡
ĳ˵ȷʵʱĺӣ
ʱǱŸһʱЩãȻǧûгôںȻͿԻˣ
ȻΪ㰡һֱûϻۼ룺õʱĳ˵ҲǰֻºˣСŸӦҲһ˰ɣܻβ֡
ʱǱú֡
֮ǰѾˡʱǱ岢֮ǰǾ壬ʱҲϣ˵ҲӦá
۴ֶô˵˵ʮֳºյ»֮ɳʱҲҪʿһаȻȻܻô֮˵ºҲͲʿĽһڹ̶ĳλãǡˣҶ֪ôˣ˵
֣ºʵû»֮꣬»֮Ҳֻ꣬ŵʱ򣬻ԲΣΪ̶ȵĿƺѹ˶٣ʱ֮ǰ
ʱǱۣ۽һƬѻɫԡһֱΪģһԼʱѾΪ̺·ȷҼˣҲ¿ʼ
ƫһƬţ˵
֪˶ãʱǱվȥ
æϣ֪ٸȥģ
ʱǱԼһҡ
ĬĬʱǱԶӰʧǰתͷۣ˵ҪЩġ
ʼ磺ʱΪôֵ֪࣬ɫ㲻ΪҪΰɣιҲòãǡ֪ʱ֮ǰʱЩˣǱ£Ϊţ׸˶١
򴽣û֪ٸ֪Щ֮󷴶ӡ
۴ʲôͱ¶̫ˣûʱ֪Ϊʲôô𣿾Ϊ֮ǰһȷʵѲ˸ϵʵȴһ˵޹أô˵Լ𣿻Ǿôοˣ
ʵԽСԽἰԽֻԽԽ𣬻˵ϣǧǰһΣ
ֲ˵ˣתʱǱ뿪ķ
ס㲻ȥɣ
֣ﲻ𣿡
ҡͷľɵҲȥʲôұȥ
һ㶣Ǳ°
ЦһָҰպꡣ
*
꼵ʱǱڵһǷŴĶҲûתͷ
֮ߵԣڿʲô
ʱǱָָŵ꼻֮ǰʱ˵Ժ꼻˴ʱ˵Ҳ֪٣ûʲôϡ棬ȴ˵Ժ꼻ⲻһ뿴ﲻͬ
֮㡣
ʱǱһ˵ˡ
ɫөԺڣ䣬׵ĻǶΡΡض˶
ʱǱһֱţ±㲻ˣָСֻ֮꣬ǱѾû˶Ļֲ˲Ȼһ򿪡
׵ĻɢӨӨâ¶ۻɫĻſ
ʱǱͫײǣ
֮Ҳ¶־㵣ºһ嵮ʱаº츳йأ֮ǰҲ֪ʱ츳ʲôڿǼ¼
ʱǱСǿ͸ģһֱطŸˮУʱֳʱһĻӡ
ֻüСĻȻŴЦԺдССʱ֪ССʱʱһһֳǳȥ档
׷ССӰݵǰЦԶ
ţģһĻ棬
ʱǱҲգؿţֱڰطףŻڣΪʲôֻи鿵Ļ档
֮õʱⶼڸˮ鿡
Ҳȥɽġ
֮תʹʪĳޣֱָ֮󣬲ŵط֮ʱ˵ܿģ֮ǰҴδЦ


99 
޲
С, ˣ͹ʲô𣿡
ʱǱŵؿ֮ͬģԸӦԷ, Ҵ˾Ѳ鴮, ɡ
֮԰ȡ
ʱǱ۾һ֮һȵ, Ҿͻ
ʱǱһѽֱ󣺡˵ʲôأҸղûϸ, һͦãšǳԣ飡һͷ, ˲Σرƽ˶ƽ, 㿴, , , ա
߰ɡ
׿, ʱǱһȥ
ˣС, ȥģ
󡣡
󣿡ʱǱӳһ˲, Ȥ޲
*
֮޼˽޲Ѿһˡ
֮ǰǿ, רҵĶԽԼȻӲ·ê, ڼϸ֮, ԽڳԽ, ֻͽǰˡ
Ȼ, ׻, ĸСʱɻΧתټ¶ȼߣﵽʮȣȻȴҲ㲻Ϻ֣ԽǰԽˮ
ҪʱСǱھͺˡ֮޹˹˹˿ˮ˵һһθ̾
ҲС˿ˮǴˮȻ֪࣬ҪãʡŵȰɣ̽ٻҪ죬Ҫϻس̣ټϴų⣬зȱˮͺˡ
üһܣϰ޲˵ôֲǽһʲôûְ
ԶﻹΧӦþܿˡ
ô붼֮֡޵аȷʵǱ࣬ԽаԽأҲȲɽɽµаµȪˮ֣ӦߵаҲӰôоŨûʲô仯
ͳۣ϶Ȼһ·ȫû仯
ĬĬ˿ˮɤЩɳƣ˵
һɳ˿տžķʲôҲûС
̲סڣû˵޲֮ǰһЩţ
֮޺棺ʲôţ
ף֮ǰһ°
֮ޣǲǰҹϷɻǷɻûźţĶȥ
׾Ҳеģ¥ŹӦö˵ɣ޲¥Źַ˵Щš
֮޵ͷ˵𣿡
ĹĹ˵û
֮ȤʲôĹ
ףӦ̫Ĺ͸ʬ
ͻȻѹ꣬ж
Ѹг£ĶΣ͸͵Զ֮м䣬ơ档
ȻȴǴ˷ɳԵص´
СĽ£
һѣͬʱڿն
ֻ֮ǰƽ̹ɳϣһһССֽ󣬾Ȼڵ֡
Բʲô
ź֮޵ĽصµĶȫ˳һһֻʣƤŹͷڸʬ
ۼ̲֮סףѻҸø㡣
ɫҲѿЩʬƺ̫Ծ
侲СЩǱаȾˣ
䣬ЩʬǱһ̧ͷÿն۾򸡿յļˣ췢ĺУص
ô£ףôܵ޺⡭⻹أ
ǼΪߣȻҲ࣬ټڲΧǻҪ̽棬Ŀ·Ի߰ٱ
ϣȥ
֮һ˫ڶۿϣͷƤ飺Ҫֱ߰ɣӲӲ
ףѾˡ
ʾǿΧֻԶĿ֮ɳиʬ
⡭ٵϰ˰ɣôܴù
˶ɫѿȴҲ֪ʱ˿ǲҲˡ
£һ߷ģѸߵĸʬȻó˫ڹȥͽĸʬǴɢˡ
ƺҲأűʬ
ԶϴĶǶԸа޵ģԸʬûʲôãֻʹȻǹ̫׼ʬܼʮӵȥҲиһ롣
֮޼״ҲֻӲͷƤˡ
ҩ˿űܶ룬ֿ˿űаȻ󽫵ҩ˶ȥɫƿӺɫƿӶһһţⶫˣȱѪɥʬƵģСһ㣬ץˣ
˫ڹʬһɨֽĸʬ̵ǡýӹҩƿԣͱٴӿĸʬΧסˡ
УƵЩʬ̫ˣòģȥ类档
ԶѾҵŸȥˣҲפټһӦòҪǾܵ
ƱܿĸʬһŤһǰĸʬӽһ룺ûõģȻ߽ųȴӵĳӿҲҪСʱǸŲôá
ʵҲԣǼ˵սޣʬ̫࣬ǰ̸ɱ꣬ʮӣǾѾвˡ
֮ޣҪôͷɡ
˾֮ǰǵΨһһŴͷΣͷıǴ̽аԴͷ֮󣬻ΣʱõģǲŽһ죬ʲôҲû鵽ˣǺҲҪˡ
û˵
òˡ
ŵǸ̫Զˡ
Ǵͷĸĸ޲ΧפֱַϣȻӷȴҲǴ߶õģҪӷùܿں͸ʬʱ˾롣
Ǹûӷ
ʬһһʱһȥڲֻʬĽƣ֮޺ԶҲˣǵƣ෴ǣЩ֪ƣҲ֪жٵĸʬԴԴϡ
ҸоҳŲȥˣҺÿʡ֮޵ҩѾסΧĸʬˣٴαץһ£ֱֶһĺɫӣҡ˿ڶѪˣûˮѪ
ʮӣһֱں͸ʬűսˣȻʬʵ̫ˣߣҲһͻƿڣ˽ƽ£ȻҲûˮ
ʬҪˮɸߴʮ֮£һֱڲļȴܲڿʣڵˮֻҺѸȴݽߣ֮
ټһ¡ԶܿԮ˾ͻˡ
Ķܶ࣬ܵᣬʱһɳƴϣɤӸɵ÷ۣ˵仰о˺Ѫζ
ҡҡͷļֲˡ
ɫҰף촽ѣýֶѾȣתҲʧɱһֻʬ֮£ͨһ˵ϡ
Сף
ף
һΧĸʬ׷׳ȥƺԶ˺ѳŨѪζ
һͷս޲ΧʱǱһôоǵ


100 

ʬصŵס, ɳ֮£бۣ֮ǰЩ, ˡ
һ룬һǿϹιŨʬޣͬкҲȻֹʱʧѪ֮Щٶ۵壬֪оȵչٴ̵ϣϵɳҲ̵þˣ
ٿ, չյۻ, ˱Ц, ٩ɳ̲ɣã
Сף
ʱСǱ
ٴ, ˶Χ˹
׻Ȼ񣺡ʱǱ磡
ʱǱͷϻһȦС
, ׾ͼΧ׼꺮ůѾſͬ˲, ɻգۣŤͷȥ
ֻһӻ, üĿ޿ײ, Ҳһ겻ѩ, ɢǿϢ
׸ĺ˲仯Ϊ˽յ죬ϳˣǼǰ, ֽʱǱߵˡ
һ߽ĿⲻɨϢƺҲһӵϣײɴ˸£һҲϨ
ޱʶ˵ǿ󣬿˵ƽǿˣ׶ãѾ˵ķ룬۴һ
ȻĿһʱŲļ紺㣬Ѹڻˡ
ɤҲ紵ľȪʯв᣺ôˣ
˵ҩ𣿡ʱǱȻ֣ˡ
һȥղһ۾ȫ䣬ԾϵˣҪܾ
ȴ˵ˡ
ȻɫСҩƿͳģʱǱߣһţʣڷİɣ
һ
׾ͼʱǱҩһݣ԰ɡݸͬʱͷʣõ𣿡
ײҽӣҡ
ͼ΢˵Ĳ߷ΧڡҩʱǱ޳ָסʱǱ󣬽һչɡ
ʱǱ֮ܿ˵ĹϵҲ˵ò޵ͽҩŽֱӳԾˣ󡣡
ƽӹá
ʱǱιҩȥͺ֮ޣ´һȷǶƤ˺˿ô£Сʬ㲻
֮񾭴ֱ׼ȷȻҲ֮ȴһ۾Ϳ֮ʱǱϵ򵥣ȻѣӦþûʲôвˣǷĵһ֮ǰûһƬһƬɥʬƬƵģǼ㱻Ⱥˡ
ʱǱ
˵ߵʣ°ӵĸʬԣϸ˿Ȼɫ΢ݣС
֮͸󣬡ô
ʱǱָŸʬؿڣĶеϤ
֮һ°ڣҲԶ£׼˸ʬţ¶һ̲⣬Լϸ΢Բһ˿ߣ˿
ʱǱͷݿűǧǰʧˣʱҸȤżأû뵽ʱ鲻˾Ȼʱˣ
ʱǱ˷ܣ֪֮ǵѣСΪϡ
ʱǱܵһԼʬͷҲأҿ϶Сģ
ʱǱûͰ֮һˣ֮޴ʲôأ
ʱǱָָ߸ʬһɼϸ˿ûУ˿
˿֮޺棺ʲôݿܵģ
ʱǱͷ˿ҪݵĻӵǻͻϵؿദһϵͷ֫ʬģ˿ȴǻϵŹ֡
Ҳ˹ⷬ඼ʣʬģЩȴá
⻰һ˵ֱ֮ӱĵһ£ʱǱҲһ԰ôû뵽һŤͷС
ôʲô¶Ҫλܣ
֮⻰ֻڣͱƲƽʵѾİ֮ϵѹ˻ȥ
֮£
ʱǱ˵Ͱ֮һ֮Ȼ׵Ща޵⣬а˿ϣԿЧ
ʱǱ뵽ˣղô˵
֮΢΢𣺡̽˵ˡ
Ȼˡ
ʱǱͲֱߵĿܲԣ֮Ӷѣһʱ˻С
Ҳ̼飬ǻعͼղѾ׵ĸʬŤٴͬʱɫ谵üаӿ
ƼѸٳʱǱǾۼô£
˱ΧһȦؿԽԽĸʬǡ
ʱǱü΢˵ʲôͻȻԶе޵ŸʬӰ֮伱Ӵܣƺǲߣ˲ʧ١
ʱǱС㱣ǣȥǱ߿
˵ҲǷӦʱǱ׷ʧ
ʱСǱ
֮޵θߣٿؽµ¶Ȼ
ǡڰ֮֮࣬ǰʱǱվͰ֮м䣬˵ʱżƳλеɫȻ䵭ȴԼ͸żᣬʱٿϵɫѾʧҵ۵׷ĳֺ֣ż
⡭
׳־㵵˺֮ޣֱϵĺëŤͷʣôˡ
ɴ˫ۡ
ֻղŻڳΧĸʬǣѾĽ룬ʬ߰һȴʮͳһǡÿ˫۾м䣬ԴһΪÿͷǹǶƽƽİ׵ĵһء
Ż
֮޲£ҿȻҲһƶͼӿϵƴǰιɢһصʬ壬ͨͨȵ£һĺ⣬Ϊ
֮޺˹ոշĶĸȥ
֪ΪʲôܾʱǱָűǵĴУⲻɫһ֣ͱǶΧǵĸʬҪֲǧ򱶡
һߣʱǱǺƣȻ߽ɳĮǰƺһƬھĹء
ͣ½ŲܾöƬĹЩӡƺ
˼ţͷȵ⽥ƸǣεаųϮߣƻʵĺ˫֣ǹа֣ȥ
ʱǱȻᱻ͵ȵĻԻȻͬǵһ㣬ҲһϤĸо
ֻϤֻͣڼƤ㣬ֻڽͷϲİˣٴμʱҪʮŬ˼ҵϳˡ
Ϥеʲôأ
ʱǱֻܾһҵʱɳƵ
ˡ


101 

ɤ΢, ȴĪϤС
ʱǱˣĵһ˿ʲôϸȥ
аʱǱ಻ʮ, ɳмźסζ޷塣ʶĿⶼаڵʵԱǲˣĸˡ
ʱǱˣȴ̰ؽϵϸϸһ顣
㡭û£һߵЦû¾ͺãû¾ͺá
ʱǱĵ׹ǣ
˶ûж, ʱǱһʱͲ, ҲˣŻվԭز, ĴͲ², ˱ֳģƺֻûж⣬һŨҵ, ȴ޷
紵, ǵɢаɳ֮У, ߡ
˭Ҫа˵仰Ĭ, Ȼŵ, ֪˵ĿģаȾ֮ͨ࣬ǰĸʬҲǧʬ, ɱˣϮҲֻΪ˽ģҲ˺㣬˺ͨˡ
а˵Լ˺ͨˣǰøаޣʵȡˡ
ڵȴʱǱӦаûпڡ
ʱǱ֪аʲôҲ̶̼仰Ȼа޴˿̶ûж⣬ȴպҲУһ顱Ķǧǰˣʵ벻ضǼ⣬˭ܶĴ⡣
ʱǱҲһֱ˵аԳһЦ˿ڣ֮ǰ㲻ңҽ㣬һЩ顣
ʱǱĵţĵȴѾ˼ʲôʱϵСˡ
ȻָղŪǰƵĴа˵ǧǰʱȷʵΪ֮һˣ˵ⳡıȴ֪
ʱǱָٿ𣬹ǽڶ˰ס
֪֪˵ʲô
ɫ䣬ʶѹصسǰаϯȵɳĮɲǼѡ
а޶ʱǱñµ۾︴ӳصһû˵
֪˶ãؿһ£̾Ϣ˿ڣ˽Ϊؾúףǡɾĺôȴ֪ڸ֮ǰƼҾ͵õϢȻʱƼҲ֪ؾﵽʲôȴѵ֪ؾŨֲֲҩĵľѱءƷźŻǡʱɽ¡
޺޳ʱǱУ˸аȴоӦʮֺ棬Ƽ֪ؾģϾ֮ǰûκף˵Զǧ֮ƼңýҲûв󣬵һӣ˵˵Ƽҵ¡
һԵҩң˵ȴҲֻռһƬؼӼżƷˡƼʦƺһʱѾǰټϼûг츳ĵӣԵյȫҲܹƳƷҩֻɵάٷ١
ȻҶԾƿȫ棬Եۼλ󣬸һλѵõʾսҼ٣հҵɢСŶܵõܻҵıӣҲʼսˣͨƷ׵ĵҩҲͲǰǰˣƷҩλȻֱ䣬ҪһҵС
ǣ˸Ķǧǰǳ.ս
ʱǱĵ׾㵣ȴҲûţмֻȻ
ڻʹ󣬹սȻͨʿ˶֪ĸⳡսԴϣ
ĳؾʱ֪ʲôϣȻͨȣеȣﲻѺŷĴ׼ϹޣޣЩӵ³֪
ֻˣַҲ֮ĶˣϾϿͨȣʧôҲԼΣȻؾһϵϤʬױ鲼ؾᣬȫӿ˳һʧȥǣаֱ֮ɱ˾ݡ
ʧأʱܻҽȶ°Ҿ֣ǸովȽŸϢʱƽյĻңȴ޷žߣԾֻдŰټַ壬ȴһңΪǵȽǿϴ򿪸дһ١
޷̸ټʷһЩ⣬㱬һƺƴˡսʱϳϳҩܼҳ󷨣ΪŻ壬һսҲ׵춨Ĵҵĵλ
ЩʱǱ֪飬Ҳڴˡ
ΪⳡսΪأȻһ´һĩλ˶֮УλǧûŲҲˣ;˾۹£Ϊû֤ݣټϵʱ岢δ룬֪ϸ֦ĩڣֻܽһйΪԵɺˡ
ǰа˵ϵĲ͹죬һıĵλҲǳϡ
Ȼؾʱкιϵ
ʱǱ룬а޵ǧǰսؾкιϵ
ǳͿ̿ս˺ؾа޶˶٣˵ʮľţ˶һ֮һʱսң˫ʧأдʧսǳΪһƬ֮أɷǧ겻ɢŵơ
ֱ֪Ṭ賤ϺľΪһԣֹͣսɢݶϾսŸһ䣬֪賤һʵ˫ԣֻ֪սϾҪһֻͣսȴ֪һǧڹսǧ֮⡣


102 

ʱǱӦ˹, ؾ
а޳Ĭŵ˵ͷ
һʱ֮䣬ʱǱԺӹĻǧǰĻ棬ɽƷż, ϷӦѸʱϡ顱ٵʱƫ壬ʱϵҥͬؾ̽Ѱؾ֮׼ʱڶؾʱʱ䣬ʱϡ
һ̫Ѹ٣ʱʱǱЮ, ֻþ, £˿ӦӦԵʱ, ʻ׷˺һϦ֮, 󣬾ΨһܻסʦҲС
ʱжޣжãȻ, һж̫, ΣҲ͸ͷռ˴, ֪ǰ򣬸Ҫǰа, һ, һд
֪˺ؾԴڱصãгΪؾ˵, ȻҲϵжȻؾ޷ֻ֣ʱ˾Ե۵
￴һжĻܼҸǸµģȻʱǱ˿̱κʱҪѣʱؾţȴֲֻΪؾڸ֮ǰʱһ𣬾ע˺Ĳҽ֡
ؾ֮ǰǧ꣬¸ߵʱϴ̨ܼȴ躹ޣҵĺϣⱳ˭ƽ˵ɵʱ߼Ʒƶɵʱ󷨣˭ӡʱϼһ˭˰˽ʱϣ
ʱţϱʱǱ˭ֱ֮ڣǸĶҡ
ѵʱǱĵӿ޷̣۵ȴۼ
֪˶ãʱǱ̧ǰаޣܽǰ֪ףҶûеˣΨһ
а޴㵣˵Ļˣɱʦаħ
δʱǱ³ݵľϲл񣬾Ϊ׼ƶ϶㵣תһ룬ʱ֪һֱܴϻۣѾ˵һ룬ʣµһͱصˣµҲûʲôɾȵġ
Ͼλž޵Сɾ
ʱǱȴûעⷬ׽겻һдʱ˿̣ƽ޲ٴηӿƵ嶯гȴ˿
֪֣գǧȥˡժ¶ñ¶ݣΪҲûмĻˣҡ
ʱǱ㲻ɱ游׻𣿡
΢㶣˶٣Цһ޵ģ̫ˣһǧꡭʹͺôãֱⲻ˲ģٶĺ޺ѹҲĥƽˡ
ʱǱָšȭ׵Ĺǽй¶Ĳƽ
Щ˵ЩѾȥǧ꣬ɶ˵ȴǶ̶̼¶ѡ
ˮ鿵ʬɽѪǰʦִȰЦҲɻڣڴ˿̷Ļ֣޿ܡ
ʱǱһһ٣ʦ֣Ա֮Σ
ʮʹ࣬ƺǳ̫֮⣬Ψһһ˵ˣܳһʱ䶼㣬ʱһججȴҲ˵࣬𡭡
ʱǱûȥĻǴ˼˵֪꣬ˣ߰ɡ
΢㵣֪֡
ʱǱĿллĿɨϵĶñаûжʣ˶ٵء
ʱǱתߣǰ֪֣
ʱǱͷʣǻ𣿡
֮޹ءʱǱƽ㸸游ѾΪǵΪ˴ۣ㲻ΪұĻǡ
æǸøĴۣҡһֱ㵱ѵġ
ʱǱǣҲǡ
ǵɱȥϣǺץ֮ʱлɱҲûֻ֣Ϊһ꣬ΪûвЩ顣
Ҫȴδԣʼգظ̹̹˵һ䣬δɱ޹֮ˡ
*
ɳ䣬¶տʡ
аʧˡ
ɫأ֮ȴ۾һʱСǱ
ʱǱӰɢнգۼ䣬Ѿǰ
ȥĶˣ
ô£
ʲôˣ
ʱǱڻش˵ѯʣ˪İ֮ȥСҸղ˭ˣ
֮۽޲֮ˡ
ʱǱĴսʣ˭
֮Ϥ֮˺ࡣ
ʱǱ΢㶣ʲôЩɻ󣺡鲻ã
֮Ƴһۣת뿪
֮͵ʱǱˣֻǰ֮ڲŲҹԶæʱСǱղȥĶˣǵˡ
ʱǱ˸ѡ
ʲôѣ֮޺棺Į棬ѻͦء
ʱǱûղһʲôû
֮룺ǵ㣿
ʱǱҡͷסǸµĵûзʲô£
֮ޣǺһû˰ôˣ
ʱǱһ󣬲Ҳʵú֮ʲôð֮Ȳ˵ǻ᲻ûǰ֮һٳ˶ʱǱû֮˷Ƣ
һ룬ʱǱɻˡ
Ӧð
ղŶûڰ֮ǰܲղŴӽ߳ƲԵɣ
ʱǱԽԽãȻɴ಻ˡ
һߣ˵˻ỰҲˣʵаѾȫˣй𣿡
ʱǱаǡᣬûʲôȪˮҲûаޣһɳаľ޴ʯѾˣİɣûˡ
û˵ѣȷʵʶ֮ûаޣаҲȷʵǴӾ޴ʯˣҲѾˡ
֮ʱǱ˵˵ͷģȴЩ⣺ǿʯôаЩа޷ԭʲôܲΪǹһ۰ɡ
ʱǱǼ⣺˭֪ء


103 

ػغ, ˶ʱǱͰ֮֮ĲԾ
֮ʱǱǰôˣ
ʱǱʱʶ˵ĻҲ̧ʲôôˣ
֮СƳһͻή¶ʮȣߵ붼ûʮ׵İ֮, ѹøͣǲǳˣ
ʱǱʲôʱ򳳵ģǼһǳǿ
֮룬Ҳûһ𰡣ǰǱߣ˵ǵΪʲôͰǰôԶ
ʱǱҲ֪
Դǰʰ֮ǲ֮󣬰̬֮ƺ䵭ЩҪ˵ȫ䵭, һȴǺͶƵĶ, һ۶ȥϸ, ܼ
ֻҪսȥ˵ʲô, ֮ȴ䵭ѵģƽ䵭ͬĲĵ䵭
ƽʱʱǱôҲҪȥ䶺ҴڸеǸ, ʱһ, ֱ̫Юһʱ֮, ֮ԶЩҲá
ǣ, ˵Ļһ仰ûС
仰л̡͡ˡ
֮޼ʱǱҲǲģ, ѹˣɴഫҪ㻹ȥͰǰ˵˵ɣҶҴ߹
ʱǱƳһۣҪӱ߹, ·ߣ
֮ɫ΢䣬Ťһһ仰Ҫϲˡ
֮վŵǸСͨвΨһ·
ʱǱֱ䣬ûסЦ֮޷ɫʮִԴԣȥϡ
֮ޱһˣʱǱҲ˺̸ܵ룬֮ȥ
֮ͲǱ߹ĶԻһ˿̼ʱǱƤһ̧ջĿ⡣
ʱǱսСҸһܡ
̧֮ûпڡ
ʱǱЦôƽķӦҶûȤ˵ҵˡ
֮۾˻˭
ʱǱ΢ƿߣ˵ûȤ𣿡˶٣ֵҲʶˣ
֮ü΢û
ʱǱ˵ͷ˵ʲô뵽ģһת㲻֪ҵˣ
֮۾˵Ͳ˵
ĿײʱǱ£ҲûʲôԸ˵ģ֥ùӵˣƺҲ
ȻᣬҪ⿪֮ʱ֪٣㲻Ը˵飬Ҿ˵Уû
ʱǱ˶٣˰֮ĽͣɵЦ£Ϊź˵𣿡
֮û˵ԣ
ʱǱҡҡͷǰ벽ЩţסĲӣΪһ𱨳˵ġ
ʱǱ֯һԣתһ顣
֮˼ȡ
ʱǱ뵽ʲôˣ
֮ӣųȫ׷ȴδҵһеһټһֻڱʬ塣˶٣ɷأһԪ񣬳а
ʱǱüǶǰ
һǧŰǰ
ǲս֮𣿡Ժʲôٿ̧ȻһԪԪҲȫ٣ǽڵŹģ
֮ɽɽ¡
*
ľ֣ɷƣδǰѾóǡ
ʱǱŰ֮֮ǰƵ֣һ·У֪˶ãһƬ֮С
ץ
ʱǱ֮ţǰһΣһƬϽ磬δ࿴һ׹ٻʱֻʣɷаӵ֮
üҶ˶ûܣֻǺؼĿ뿴һƬ棬Źǲ
ܼ֮ʮ׶ĺ֮дУʲôҲȴʮְģڣ
֪˶ãɷ٣а֮лԽǰԽأҲ
֮ͣ½ŲʱǱ֪ˡ
һаɢΧаǰľ󽥽֮иӣѵĲк¾£аǴӿ
ǽŹǣʱǱǰһڿӱϸ˿ûã͸еаѾ壬Ƥ˺Ѹõľ񾭣治ɫаŨȻͦߡ
֮һѽӽյĹڣɢϵа
ʱǱͷ˪Сҷ㻹Ǻܰ
֮۵׺ⲢΪĲƴڻٰ֣紥ϰıⶳ̹ǵĺ⡣
ʱǱϵЦ⽥άֲȥˣЩƿߣ˵ЩʲôĪû˿ڣֻǼ⣬һ
֮ҪҼڶΡ
ʱǱ۽ޣ֪ЩʲôһĿڣ֮ǲеϲҰ
Ĭ̿аɷ赲֮ڣϮҲһļ¶
֮ٳٲڣʱǱ죬Ͽ¾ǲ֮װĿڣΪ֮ǰ𣿡
˵۶£Ǳ˾͵ҪȥȻϲϲǸˣֻѡǸˡ
ʵǴǸ⣬Ҳû뵽һƬƬĻۣҡʱǱƮɫѿİ֮ϣವһջأҪ㣿
֮ȭͷٿطſĿǰ˰Ķʹ۽ϣãŵƵЦʱ֪٣֪ûûΣȴûʧصͣ٣ȵɤתΪƽˡ
ʱǱĪһĳǿ־ʧĵ׷ͣӣһɬֱǼβסԼָֹסԵĲʲôˣ
ˡ̧֣֮ḲĽϣһ㡣
ʱǱ΢㶣ǹֻβӵɬϮۿӦƳˮ顣
΢ģ֮һϵԽӷˡ
ʱǱ飬ɤ΢ƣȴƽǱүһǰޣ㲻߱ˡ
֮һ˶٣ջأޣҿԡ
ʱǱץסֻϵ֣о˵ĽӲǽЦ⣺Сʲô
֣֮ת
ʱǱܣӭĿ⣺۶ǸµģֻһƬȻˣҾͿ϶ø𡣡˶٣ƿߣҲȣҵ˼ǡСԸҵ𣿡
֮ԥԸ⡣


104 

ʱǱĻش, ѵõĶЩȣĬںӣ֮ǰĽЩӿļ¶
ᶯ˶, ˵˵ȴԼͷ˻ͷȴ£ſڲԵľȸС
ҡ֯ԣ˼ű׳ɹ֮Ӧ˵ĻȻʵûо飬ֻѯܣ˵ʱӦ˵ʲô
ãô֪
ʱǱҲǣ뵽ԼһУԴһ˿ذοǧ굥, Ҳ
ܶ, Ҫ˵ͱضϣС, ûиоʲô
ΪҪ˵ʲôɧ, ȴʱǱɫʱȻ߽һ۵ء
֮ǽڲлꡣ
ʱǱͷ, ڿӱϸ۲졣
̲סѣڿͷ֪ж, 㻹ôȻܶܲ
ʱǱ, ߰ɡ
֮ףȻǣ, ȥ
һ, էﻨ
ʱǱ, Ҳûֳȥ··ֱͬǿŨڣŻȻ̧ͷ
һž޴ģ֦ɿή֦ҶֻûƲ֮ܿĴ
ǡݻӳʱǱ۵׵Ĳ죺˵еĲ
Ҫ֮شʱǱѾƶ˴𰸣ǿžĲ
ȻвǴеĸǲҲĴڣ
̧֮ɢ
ʱǱ˳߿ȥֻһȵŮ֮ϣ֧°;Ӹ¿ǡ
ĸɤҵԼһ
֮ףĸ
ʱǱ㵣ĸҿ̬֮ƺ֪˵λĸ
ĸĿϣѱ档
ʱǱѹĵ׵ĺ棬òĸ
ĸǴɽ½ΪǽڵŹǣ
ʱǱһȴûпڣǿ֮
֮ǡ
ĸȴûнӻǳʱǱ֪˶ã߽Ǳ˲١
ʿĿʱǱȻ仰ü΢ĵʲôȴûпڡ
ĸ·Ͼ䱾ֻʣǽ˼䣬˭֪˯һڱ㶪ֻʣл꣬ǹˣػ
ʱǱü΢̧صǽڣΣ˼䣬ĸ칬ô
ĸ˵꣬Ц칬·ϾؼΨʣǵ˼µģһѾ𡣡˶٣ʱǱЦһҲЩ˿лͶ˼䣬ܸıʲôҶ䣬˽˳Ӧ˭Ҳ޷С
ȻһʱǱɫԡ
ĸ䣬·Ͼۺ񡢹ħѾʧأֻ磬ǳ£ǽڲǽǰЩˣα
*
ɽʱǱöû˵ֱפأٿصתɽһȥ
֮󣬵ϴ֪¡
ʱǱȻ֪ĸĵ˭ܴģ
֮˶٣ǽڽ֮Уżݷĸȴ֪а֮
ʱǱͣ·ɽתͷ֮
Сңĸԣǲ֪
֮˫һ
ʱǱʲôʱ򣿡
֮ĬƬ̣㡭뿪֮󡣡
ʱǱҲĬˣԦ޺޿Ṵ°֮СָԲ𡣡
֮ȻߣԱǺǣңαصǸ
ʱǱ۵įһۣʶͣǣҡң֪ô˵ЩȻյЩӣҲ˵
̧֮ϸ֦ĩڣһһ˵壬ӱҲˡ
ʱǱִ֣򴽣һͷŻζȣһ졣
ʱÿն˸Ͳ֮ͣǰնûҲһ˿죬ȴ˿ʣֱҲһƼаϢԵӶʱǱԶǱɷа֮⣬Ϣ֮лһ˿ҼϤϢЮУ֪ΪΣͻȻǳܣ봳⡣
ȻǴҲ֪򿪣޷ʱļȴҲ޿κΣȴʦң˵Щ
֮ʲôطʣʲô
ʱǱ򴽣Ϊɱʦ֮Ļ
֮壬ٷʣֻȻء
ʱǱ׷Ҳ˿ʵǲ֮˵һ׶ݸǣ֮ԡ
ȻˣܵĸоҲûˣͼ£ֱһգǹаٴηҷ·ɽʦֵǵĲҽУɩĽкһѵӣϤףǿʼɱƼҲõ󷨸ĶɣǱʣұУֻɱ¾ҽУ޿κΡ
֮ץסʱǱָ֣һָ죬ս
ʱǱҡҡͷʾԼû£ɤȴЩʱʦȻ֡ҲסˣлŵĵӶɱˣĴʦִһ𣬵ʱң֪ȴ޷̽飬һЩˣһʬױ˵裬ҪҳʦҲǱҵ׷ַҡ
ʱǱ˵ȥˣ˳Լ֣СѾԪӤôץҲ۵ġ
֮Ϻ˪δɣԱˣ
ʱǱ㵣ôܣЩƥ򼸾仰ޣ
֮ЩһɤҲͬɳƣԣΪԱ
ʱǱ۽޶˶ʦЩ˽һУ˵ʦ֮Ȼ˳ǣʦˣܽԼɱ޹֪֮ˣȻл
֮ɤ䣺ԱԻʬ𼣣Ϊ˰ʦ
ʱǱ΢ȻҡͷΪʱҲǹаӿϾͽɽҲ֪ɽڳ֮ϣɽ٣ֻɽϵӣɽ°Ҳһӳ
а죬ֻɽܣʶٵɽƽʱѽ⣬ҲɺϣסҵǡɽģаҪ֣һȻǴ˵أҪаҲֻд˵ؿС
֮ĬţһĬĮࡣ
ʱǱĪЩ˵ȥȴҲֻʣһβֻܼӿٵǡһֿԽ󷨵ĳаֻ֮Ҫ׼֮Դ֮١֮ԱܱɽӣҲܾɽ°գĨȥʦʶ֮£νһá
ϰ̹֮ǵߣĲ˵ȥˡ
Щڣսս͵Ź۲֮ı飬˭֪֮ȴֻЦһ˾䣺õúܡ


105 

֮޼˵ʱǱѾ, ޲ϴ͵פأȲطſʶ, һ۾ܼʱǱ
ûȶã͸еϤĽƷϴվӭǽȻͷವһֲӰӡ
ϴͷʺţţһƣݽ, ֱ׷ȥ
ߵòԶ, ϢҲδأֻϴһ͸оԡȻⶳ, , ëֱ
ʱתȻò׵žݵʱǱôܷŹ۾һϴ
ϴһ, ׷, һǧʱ֪δ;ɢ, Сÿ˱ʱô飡ǧ궼䲻ˣ
ʱǱ֪ϴĸ̣ڶ챻֮, ֻҸ˷ֵһ, Ծ֪ˣҲԥȲҸһ𡰹ѡ
ϴ֡ʱǱһʹɫǧδ
ϴȻȵź, Ҳ°֮Ӧ˵ʱ֪٣ѵ˲°֮
ֱۣװʱǱС飬ڨЦʱ£ϴһδ뵽ټʱ㵱ʱѾĳˡ
˵ʱϲ룬仰ôҲܲװɣ
֮䵭ס
ϴ˿شãһֱܽһװư͡
ʱǱȴŹϴ֣һǧ겻ˣôһкҴ򣿡
ϴüͷһûüڣ֮ҵ֪ԭҲ֪ǧδټҪкġ
ʱǱùСĵʲôϵҺÿ׿ף
֮Ƴһֻۣʣʲôϵ
ʱǱһ㶣СմӦףһ֮·˰ɣ
ЩɵĴСȷϣǲǡ𣿡
ϴͫ׵𣬰֮ȴѩ΢ڣ˷ɵĺۼ
ʱǱæϹȷϵͺҳܣã˺òã
ϴʱǱһŤ
֮ҪڣͼʱǱԴǣ֮ɻ䷭գҲһС㡭ϰ֮ߣһˣСˣҴˣˡ
֮δ֮УȲ˴󹦵¡
֮˵ʱɤȪէ֮ƺᣬϸȴ纮꣬ϸѪĺ⡣
ϴʶ˸£һڣʱ֪ٶһǧûˣһҲ࣬αżæ׷ǧǰʱ֪ٺͰ֮ദʱûܲȥȥҲǱ죬ĥ˵úܣĥڻϸܣǵùߵġ
ں֮ո˵Ļʱ֪һϲǿģҪ˵˶ˣҲֻкؾƽˣ֮⻰ٲȻˣǻʲô¡
ʱǱͼϴƵվһԣ֮Ļ˲俴˹֪˭ѣٴʹ˸ɫ
ϴؽյˣҲˣȿȣ̼ǵϴһʱʱؾǣû֪ģʲôʱ֪Ҫ¾뵱ľ֮ԡֺ֮һ㡣
˵ţԼֶ֮֡ĳһƤ
ʱ֪ѹû뵽ϴȻľͰ֮˵ˣĺĺƫƫص顣
ϴ֣˵⻰ʲôʱ֪ԴǣҺСǵ¹ϵҶӦõģ쾭ģ㲻˵ҲֻģǰС
֮һ㣬ʱǱֺõЦݣһ
⻭棬ϴһԼΪʲôҪ׷ЦǰǱһԣ϶మ
ʱǱΣ˿ϴô׷ģ
ϴҲ˿˵Щˣ֮ǼС˵ⲻһǧûˣΪСأ֪Ҳ
һ䣬նʱš
ʱǱۣ߰ɡ
ϴϲСˣ
ʱǱҧ
ϴŵĨ;ܡ
֮ȴŽɽ£в
ϴһ˵Ļַҡͷûʲôֵ飬޲аѾɢˣ߻һ㣬ǲɽǱ˵ǿȪˮĽ֧Ų˶ˡ
ʱǱֻһɽȪˮɵú棺˵ǱǵһȪˮ¸ǷԪӤʿýôΣգ
ϴɫͷǱ쳣ʦУѾҡ˵ʲôˣ֮ǰǺͺ֮һôתͷˣ´ֻѰɽִü΢壺ʲô𣿡
ʱǱ𣬰֮Ҳδڡ
ϴһšӦûפصǣ
ʱǱ:㻹ǻɽҲ˰ɡ
֮һɥģ۵һ˿Ц⣬ڵɽ·һ߽ںǣǽڡ
Եؽڵ˵һ飬ϴզࣺаǵϴǧǰɵĶܾǽڵһ˿Ԫ񣿡
ʱǱǧǰֻԪ¿϶ֹˡ
ϴ㵹Ѹ侲ȷʵˣǧаŨǵʦִɽΪ磬ֽаȪȫڸУϻԶֻˡ
ʱǱǵһ Իֵģ룿
ϴЩʱǱΪʲôԵ꾴صĴʦֱȴǵͷˣûз˵һϯ֮ˣߣѱаռݡ
ʱǱȴʲôԺһ֮ǧ꣬𣿡
Ҫ֮شϴ͵ôûǵǴܴѣ˲ɽ޷а֮ԴأҲΪˣǲսֽ硣˶٣ֵ껮磬ʱҲ١
ʱǱŰ֮֮кβף
ʱǱҡͷֵͷ롭֣ɽǼգ֮ǰˣԡʱֺʮѹʮìܣһֱΪҺʦûж룬ϸɡ
ʲôɣϴʡ
ʱǱҲ֪ұͻң֪ȷ˵ЩЩҲǲ̫ˣͼǵáӦòɣٿ̧˵ʦģ
ϴģҼʦƵ
ʱǱҡͷⲻܣҴʦָһ츳ʦǸѡһȻҲѡԼóȴϲԼóȴϲģʦֶǼȲϲҲóһʦ̬Ⱦܿʦ츳ʦҲǻӴ˵ģȴδ˵
ϴͰ֮ԼɵԶûʱǱ˽⣬ʱ˵ɶЩ㵣ϸϸ룬ëȻ
ǡ
᣿


106 
˵
ɽ, ʪɽɽţִӰ´
صƽԺ˵
ִֻ֪, ĻЩˡ
˵Ͻ´˼츳ͦˣǱյִ˵ֹ
ǿ̫ˣÿ쿴Щˡ
ǣˣʦɽʱǱפ, Ϣиš
桭
˷׷׿ϧҡͷ
֪, ֽһ˲ŵ㣬ֻửͼСʿ˺úû, ۹ٷ϶ķ, ıɽա
ˮ´ĲִģʱǳȥҲԼķʦ, һŷмеİɣ
̰, Ҫ󲻸ߣнױаһ, ÿ¸һһҾˡ
Ҫδ̫˰ɣʱ˽ִ۲, øǶТһ, аҲŰɣ
˱˵ɵЦ·ѾԤõδ
ֻһʼһԵʿΪһţĻҰķ, һǵģ²ǿʡ
һĬ˵ʵҲÿԲ󣬵פϢʵԻǱȱ𴦸Щ˶ܺȻϣģ˿̱ôһߣʱ侲ÿԲˡ
һ˴ûȷʵ㲻׼Ҳˣ˵ƹŷ˵飬ҪǸϽȥɣȥûλá
פزɽĶԪӤϵʿȻɽŵɽϣٵɽ壬аķ̶ֲȶͬפصʿΪҲһɽµİ´ɽɽȲϢĵطֵĵصȴֻһǾɽ¥
ɽ¥˵ɽˮɫ˵϶ãģҪǣɽ¥ÿ¶Ἣʢŷ˵飬ȫִĵ磬˵Ѿ˹ȥȴ˲ٴͳ֣ɲǶڸ绹ǵʿԣ־ȫˡ
˵ĳЩɮפص޷ɽģŷ˵һջۼɽвֵʿ
ɽ¥
ʱǱϣڿ羰ȥشܣⲻɽôפصôϣﶼﲻȥ
ϴ˸ۣ˵ֱӴȥУôڣаסĶɽڣﴳȥ
ʱǱȥ㻯Ϊһ¶ǲ֪ǲ᲻ץ㡣
ϴ˵ˡ
֮Ŀɨ¥£ԡ
ʱǱֱˣﲻԣ
̫֮ˡ
ʱǱ˳ĿһʿĻ·ģĿʮһ¡
㵣˵Ȫˮ֪ô֪ˣ
ϴٴη˸ۣһЦ˶ʱŵ¥ɽ¥ÿʱ򶼻˵˵飬˼ǳģ࡭Ǹ˵ŷ
ϴ̧°Ϳ¥ɽˮµ鰸Ѿһߡ
ʱǱģ
ϴǳ𣺡ãһǸ磬ھ¥Ϊ˷ΧлأĶǴ峯ģ
ʱǱСۣȴȤ֧°¿뿴ִ˵˵ЩʲôȤĹ¡
ûȶãɽ¥һ¥ͽˣŷҲóȣ˼£ɽ¥Ͱ
ҲϵҲỺش¥ڣǧǰҡڶֹţνҲݣȫƾһȡ˶ݵĺƽ
ʿľǧǰűĹ£ͷʤ̲ס˭
ŷӣûӣ
һʿü˵ȴɽ£дǰ;ȴɱʦ֤ǸɥĲĴˡһ˵Ϊֱܾ꣬˲˫˫չء
ŷҡͷҲҲλѽ
˵˺Ȼͣˣ˻䡣
ʱǱҲ벻ԼϣǧǰЩɱŭ϶ʮƽ֧ͣ°Цλôˣ
˵˻񣬿ʱǱЦλϷžޣСɾ
ʱǱһ°Ͳ˵ϡ
ϴЦĹһֱˣγԣ
֮ǰ˵ʿҲǰŷΪĲͬ
ŷ㲻֪Ķһ棬ϷۼΪʵ
ʿ˵ˣʱǱҲ㵵ŷɨôǵԼôһˡ
Ϸȴʶңǧ֮ǰǹ£ܹڣܵˣҾ֮һ
ȼǵһա
ɽ¥ʱǱû˵
֮ϵ֣£ʮָۡ
ϴҲ򴽣׾ذο㿴ǷǹģЩ˵صߵǷǣ˼ǵĺãһС
ʵŷҲû˵ʲô£ʱǱȥʱľļСһ¡
ǻɽûãȥݷ·;һСҲûħЩյĹԱװŪĵʿȻҲ߽ϣõذչÿ಻ԣԱѹ֬ʿаŮղҷֻľš
ʱǱʱֻ·ɽźȿˮȻǿ˵عԱɱֱ֮뿪ʳϾ׳궼ڴǰķвֻһ棬
æ˵ᣬѧãʱʱһӷӡҵͶֱ˾µĹԱפأŲ˸뿪
ЩʱǱԣǼСһ飬˺Ҳδټû뵽ĺͯЩѧ٣ЩгɣǸΨһģǧϵΪ
ŷֻһˣҲлõһˡ


107 
ɽ
ܲ, ɽ¥ʱǱ˱߱Ѱɽ󷨵֮ǰĻɽɽŴ, ҵһ㡣
ƿˡ
һɵϣһƣģ
ʱǱ֪Ҫⲻϸо󷽷ֻһɫͱˡ
֮ע⵽ס֣ʣôˣ
ʱǱü, ҡҡͷٿ
ϴ˵, ߶ߵ˵Ҳʦֲµģ֮ǰҲδ˵츳, ǡǧҲԼˡ
ʱǱ˫, ʳָָüģһʱշնָλ÷, ųâ, Զγһڡ
⵽ڣ۵ƹ, һ߹âкûж
ϴĿɿڴ, ʶɨ, ֮⡭ô᣿ǣôܣ
֮ǰһǣסʱǱ, ҡ
ʱǱһ٣֡
߰ɡ
*
аӿڣһεڵ¶类ȾĽ֮ϣΨһˮûУסˮ鿵Ľżɢâɢа֡
³ھҾ˫ĿպϣƽͣΧתںϣˮΪۣа
֪˶ãидۣתĻһ΢âƮɽϤļһշĳڻϣɫһ˲ʧھҡ
ѲĻɽĵȻһȪˮĲ׷𾪣ˣ
ͬʱʱǱͰ֮ϴѾܵԽԽصааڰ֮ϴ˵ûӰ죬ڲԪӤڵʱǱԣЩˡ
츳ЩаȻЩӰת
Լٶɽûвɽ춯
ͻȻһӰֱԹ˰֮ϴĽ黯ʵ֮ʱǱ
ʱǱüæ㿪
֮һȻǵȴٴαޣҷ·ĿƵģת˸ٴγʱǱȥ
⽣ֵúܣľ֦Ҷ˴ֻݣǰ֮ϴǰҲֱӻΪӹȴ·ʱǱޣԽԽ졣
ȴǻΪʩչʱǱǱż޺޵ֵʱȴֱӱǽˡ
ۼƬ̣ʱǱϾͶ˿ڣ֮۵װɫŨϢʱɲ
ϴҲżżʱǱİ֮״̬ʱǱǱ߿ŵֵѣǽߴһȴҲδ̫˺֮ͬϴκ˶ǧ֮Ϊʱ֪˶٣նׯ̫ӵ˵һǽҲΪ
°֮衣
ϴȰס
տͷǱʱǱʹЦһɤȴЩСϤǡֳĽ⡭С
ʱǱһ߶һӽǽñˣȴֻƤ⣬ͬڸˮ鿷˴ֳĽ̵ʵ򴦴ˮ
֮ʱҲ侲ϸϸȥȻǽû˵ʱǱһһʽȷϣιС
ʱϵļ
ʱǱңǼⷢᣬ֮Ļ󣬲΢侲ЩºתǽԶ˾롣
֦칭ɫ棬׼˷˶Ľ
ƿ֮Զ𣬼뽣ײǵʱαװһҫ۵ĽɫâɫٿȻڻǽɫâȴƣֱӳʱǱȥ
һ̣֮ϴûж
ʱǱҲԽԽϤڽѿǧ֧ϸͷԳϮ
ʱǱһ̣â֮ƻΪϸ꣬ԣʱǱֵܽܵӿ壬Ϣڽڱ任̼շɫ䡣
ϴȻǡֱͻ˻񣿡
֮Ӧ죬ֱ׽ٷΧԵΪʱǱ
ϴ֪ҲѸͳԼľݽʱǱһࡣ
ʱǱܵѸ׳ȴǵͬͳһ븡ͷץŹֶ΢΢ơ
죬ٿ̧ǰ
һӰԶײ۾΢䣬䷢һ̾Ϣɡ


108 
ֳ
ѹ, ׽ٽмȴѰҿյأһҲ
ʱǱϤ, ϤɫԼϤ̬ϵһγ˻ҵɫ
񡣡
֮俴һ룬ʱǱ˿̵ĵ֮
ϴҲӦ֪һЩ֮֮ĶԹҲ˽⣬ʱǱ֮䷢ʲôʱ˿, ֻöһ, ʱǱͻ׽Ҳܶһֱϡ
Ȼ֮ȴֽȻ෴뷨Ŀ⺬ž, ѹһĲȻŭ
ЩʱǱ޹, ˴˿εأֱȥÿ߽һ, ܽÿһϸһϸϸ
, ǧǰģû˿仯ȻȻº, ȴӲ¶Դϣִݳɫ, ɫ, Լ˿̵оֹһˡ
һ, ȴϣܳǰˡ
֮ۼʱǱԽԽͱɫýΪ׽ٷΧȦѾǰһѽʱǱ
˿̲ܶɤ̺ʱǱ̨ʱ֪٣һ׽ˡ
ʱǱȻ̧һ˲žȻٴο롣
ҡҡͷݵأʹ֪Ӧ׽١
ǧ֮ǰʱ֪˺ʱƬݴ½Ҳûм˵οͰ˵̵ˣһƾùвʦ֡
ɴʱ˿̣ͣ˽Ų˻㱵ɫǱһ仰񣬻ոͻƶҵֽ֮ʵΪܣֿһ׽١
׽ڶ¡һԽľʱǱ¡
֮䣬էֱһ˦
ϴʱǱӦ࣬˿Ҳ鿪ЦǼǳĺòϣȺУȥҲϸüǮ
׽ľͷ׻ľ鴮баЧʮֵ÷׵һһ֮ǹȼΪȼԽߵ׵Խ󣬻ڵ׽ٸǿ󣬴Ǿž׽һ׻е׻ľ˸Ĺá
ֻǻ׽ѵãž׽ٸѵãϴڵһ׽پ˿ڣҲǱʱǱɡ
ʱǱȴûϴ˵Щʲôֳֻоɹ׽٣һеࡣ
ϴ˵ʲôҲ˷һͻƻıǾž׽٣һҲʲô
ʱǱԴֻսپ
׽ȴ֪ΪΣһ׽֮ûнŵڶԥƵģ֮任Ťɸʽ̬ſֲȴٳû
֮΢΢üҲ̧գ۵һ˿ɫ
ûУ׵Ϊ˻ͣã׽ٵʱŵڶףΪ˻ǿδš
ʱǱȴʲôڴͳЯķһŷ̶λִӴóڰ̣ģӰ𣬵Ҷɲ׽٣ɢ
ܱأߣɢɢʱһˣҲǸͱˡ
ʱǱǣ̣ͽֻ˸׭ͼϿգһɡ
ʱҲŤϸֲ֣ʱɢڿ֮С
̧һӣɽĴ㷢˱仯һƬռطһ˿ϸϸ£û˿й
ʱǱȴ׽٣ʵעһǱߣϤַ󷨣۵һ˿
תһ˿Ц⣬ɤȴȣרĶɽ١
ʱǱջߣѹĵ׷ӭȻµĵڶ׽٣ǵ׽ٹȻ޴̺ڵ׽ٵĻ֮Ҫ֪󲿷ʿĶ׽٣塢׽پ͵ǵ׽٣Զ׼
׽ٺؽʱǱõ䣬ڰ̸˾׵ܷ֮һƺߣʱǱҲܣ³һѪ
˿ңٴγһģһλ󷨣ô˷ɹ˺ĵڵġߵ׽١
ڰ˵׽ٳʱʱǱѾûһ⣬³ѪȾ·ѸٸɺԷڣǰȫǳǳѪɫ
Ѿ޷ƣϣؿڣιʱ֪٣õû
ʱǱһŲҪٸ󷨣׼Ӧ⵹ڶ׽١
ʱԺȴһΪƽ͵ɤ޺޺ǰѹ
ʱǱٿ̧롣
ɤԺһƬл꣬޺δɣƬлԲȫ
ʱǱһüͷ
û˵ɣҲ෴ͬҳ죬ίȴᶨؾܾ
ƺ֪Ĵ𰸣ɤȻ㣬޺¶ȱʧپɣ޻Եɣֻ鱻ãȴҲֲͬˣöںϣǶɢ
ʱǱȴûб˵Ǿ޺޺ޡ
䣺ʦ룬ֳ˵Σ


109 
꣨ϣ
ʱǱһ, Ȼڿһ̣˵ڿɽϤĽһ, ĵ׾˲²ڴ˿õҪĴ𰸣ȴһƬհס
ڴ˿̣һֱڴ޺޷˳ıɫҲͬʱʱǱͷϷʡXν·
ĲлԶںϣƺ֪׵Ϊ, ŭŤѵ, ֲϢۼǱ鲼յ׵֮У³, ȴ, ̵˶ۡ
ֳ
ʱǱ󺰣ϴɴ۾֮Ҳ΢ɫ
˭֪, Ψ˿Ե, ʱ䳤֮ҲߵĲ, Ψһֿܱܱ˵ǾѪԴ, ˶ȫ, ʶд
䣬ʱǱ˵ģΨһˡ
ʱԴ, ˫ֽ󣬷ƽɽ޺뾡֮УʱǱƺ޾۵ɤۡ
۵ۿ죬Ƶٴοڣֳ
ʱ۽΢ɤƽȴݾܾΨһİ취
ʱǱĨȥ׹̼ˮ֣ʱԿ
ʱӼᶨҿԣ
ƷߴУķ˺ҧɽ֣ި֦ҶڽңըĹӳ衣
ʱѡ˲ڰ˵׽١
ʱǱ˼
ǵڰ˵׽ı޷ʱţôͻǿг֣ں޺뾡顣
һʱѹȥʱǱģӴóһö壬ָ㣬һΪߣÿһƬ涼ʴ׭ơ
ƬʱǱָӣͬǰ㣬ֱӳͬλȥ԰ΧʱǱһâʢ޺޾Ϸâϳɼ̵ǡ
ʱǱ񣬹ʱԴԴӿֱӿ벻ͬƬ֮УÿһƬƬ׳ӿƬ֮ǰʱǱ̧һӣһ֮Ƭ֮У󣬺֮ΪģϷǿƬںǿҵȹ󷨡
ϴúϲ죺ǰδ
ɲüҲ֪
ڰ˵׽̺Σ£ȴûܺһǰ㡣
૵ǡС
ӦĻھŵ׽ƸӿֲѹϷ׵ŭ𣬵̱˴ͷŵ׷飬ֲľž׽ٵһ֮ϣҲǹâһһǲʵϸϢģ鲻Ըꡣ
˭Ҳû뵽׽ٻ˼򵥣ϴһӻʣ֮ҲֹʱǱȴֱ󷨣ֱȥ
Ӧ˵ʱȥ
ʱҲû뵽ԼҵܵܵѾ̶ֳȣοͬʱҲЩͷʦı顣
ǣʱǱڣ̧ͷͬʱο߰˵

ٴλصɽ¥ʱ¥ѾˣƹԶԶǣӭɫѣ𡣡
뺬ЦͷҪ˵ƹʹ˶¥徻ż䡣
һţϴ̲ס˿ڣô£
ʱ֪ΪʲôֳǸʲôʱоģ˷ʲôãϴһʣʱץӷε֪𰸡
ȴ䣬˹һԵĲޣƺҪݲ裿
ϴĵżȴҲҴߴֻܿʱǱͰ֮
֮˼
ʱǱͬ꣬ݲʱͬϰһ㣬Ҳ
Ķ棬ĵ˴𰸣ȴǽӵع۲ŶһһȸԾϲҪȷľֳһɵ˼ʱ룬һǧǰΪʲôûϡ
ìܵʱǱ侲ӹʱ໨ɱ嵭ԶĲιǼ⣬Ҳ׾
˵ɡ
ʱ۵׻һ˿⣬ˮΪ֮ϴ֮󣬲Ŵݿڣɵа꣬ȴһ֪аޱ˰֮⣬ҲΪɵعب֮塣
̶һλϴͱϢ㵵۾
аܳΨĸݶϾҲ޷½磬ɡΪʲôô˵
ʱĽ͵аһֻڡ
ڣ
ϴŤͷʱǱͰ֮ǲ죬ɸӾ㵣ǾⷴӦ
ʱǱ֮ǰǲפȥȥǽźˡ
ϴòЦ⼸仰˵Ļϵ̫ô£аɢǻң
ʱףͬʱ̺֮뼫֮綨֮⣬֮ڡعب֮ں߶γɵһǣаͬʱ˫⣬Ҳ׳Ϊ֮˵
ɵΪҵȷаż壬ȴ޷ӰǣȻ
δ֮⣬˶˳
ʱǱΪӴˣüͷұؽ֮ǰʦֲûκβס
ʱҡͷаֱϸı仯⻯ɵҲδ˶٣Ҳ壬ֱ仯ֱǧ֮ڲܳЩߡ
֮΢΢ֱ塣
ʱʱǱһЦҳ첻㣬ǰð֮ˮϵסҵ꣬Ϊȹ꣬Ȼҳ֮ףˮϵȴҲȱ˷ǰҳ֢֮ţɸȽͩľ𡭡
ʱǱ뵽Ƕʱ䣬ϥϵֻս
ʱӹ£Ȼ֮ұȹ̣֮˸ǿҷˮǬ
ʱǱ뵽а޵ļ󷨣̧ʲô
ʱʱǱ۾һһٵʱ֮֮
ʱǱ۽һۿѸٷ죺ǡ
ʱû㣬ʱҲ˽
֮侲Ϊˮ
ʣȴѾ϶
ʱ̾һżأˮۣ֮ҲΪȻ֪żдû𾪵ʱǱϴĿһֱ侲ݵİ֮ϣ˶٣ʱ£ȻҲ֪¡
֮΢΢ƤųޣͶһƬ衣
ʱǱҶ֪Сô֪
ʱǹһ㻡ȣԣתȻˮʧҪؾǧѣʣµһôȴֻ²ܷáûӣɡ
һգаܼһͬ븡鿣סҵĽŲȴܶңռϷ磬Ȼʱ롣
ˮɣаˣûʵֻܻص֮ǰľӵˣ˳㽫ҵ˹ȥ
Ǿ롣


110 
꣨£
ʱ˵Ƶ, ʱǱȴ֪Ѫᡣ
аռϷʱΪʲôȣ
Ѫɺӵĸ鿣ԼɩɩֶʬٴθǰʱǱ΢΢, ָҪµսȴһֻץסᶨذš
ʱǱۿ⽥ʣʱ۵׵ע⵽µĶתΪҧֻͬʱһһ֮꣬ǰ壬ҽ֮ҵ, ʱұֽ, جˮ, ֱǰܾ, 걻аˡ
ϴ˼аȻɻǣ֮ǰôûɣ
֮ǰа޷ɻ, ֮ˮ, ˵ҡʱ͵һʱ, ˹ֻΪǧ, ҵѾˮΪһ塣˶, ԣʱҴĳ˵൱ˮ顣
аһجʱ, ˮĻǡ˶٣Ҳ˻һаļ䡣
ϴ棺û˵аɻǰ
ֻɹĻǡʱǲ⣬ʱ޷ˮ
Ǳһֱѣܱ֤а񲻻룬ʱǱ΢ϣǼᵽƺѪ
ʱ̧ʱǱɣֳûȥ㣬ɹң
ʱǱһնȻᣡ
ʱβɤЩƺ͸һ˿㣬游Ϊ޸ˮʱϲǧǰĻ£ҲЩ
ʱǱȻ룬ǲΪ磬Ϊ
ʱҲΪ֮ΪΪһĴ
ʱǱͫһ۽գ£ãȻʶظ˵Ļҵõؾ鿾ͲᱻƼܼҶϰ
ʱûˮаͲᶢʱңҲûĶջƼңףΪҡ
ʱǱѵüֳģҪο˵ôεĻȴƺ޷οɳ֮⣬ƺҲû˵ˡ
̲סŤͷƵĿ֮
ȴ֪֮˿̴ģʱʱѹʱǱսɤȴƶƽˮǺؾرȻ죬͹þûдɱ˶ᱦЩˡ
ʱǱһοʱֳС˵Ĳҡ㶣̨ʱͬһ΢ɨǼѪζɢֻʣ֮㣬ͣһ£ҺֳûаܼƼҡ
Ͷϴһ֣ĸͷҲûɱٵİܺдģѵ̫ܺǮ֮ǰÿɶ鶼ϣһţǼÿɹõģһǧˡ
ЦۿȴЩȣʵ˭ʱ֪Ϊ߲˭ؼҿСһ𳤴ͬʦֵܣչ۳ǵʬѪɺӣ˭Ҫħʱ֪ûѾ侲ˣɵϣ׷һУҲŹԼ
ʱǱۿҲЩᣬǧǰϴСһԲȵɽ£ؽɱҲûһֻɽ֮ǰֹסۿ˻һС
һǧȥ˵һһۣɶ˵ȴеһǧꡣ
һǧ뵽ʱЩʲôǲǻͬԸ鿵һʬһεʱûסɽ
ʱǱȻ̨类΢һҲܵǰδеɡ
ϴһۣͿ˶Էۣ˶٣̲סһЦһоڲС
֮ԼǣŵֺȻסҲ߿˿ΪṴǡ
ʱۿţɡ
ʱǱŤͷŵЦ⣺ֳ
ʱɤ΢ֱ
ʱǱãȻֱͦİ
ʱɨ֮ǰİ֮΢䣺ʵδȣôˡ
ʱǱȻܺϴ˵С붷˽꣡
֮ȻҲһ磬ƽʱҪǫѷõʱҲ֪֪ٵֳе¡
ʱȻ˵ǣΪɲɺΪΣ֪
ʱǱֳлɿ֮
̹֮Ǹֳϼˮ֮Ϊɽıᣬ뽫أģΪڹżϿˮǸ
ʱĿɨȻ֪˵Ķ滰Ҳ֪ʱˮ޷õܵԼݣ֮ҲţΪҲһôôΣҲδ
ô꣬Ҳ˳֮Լҵܵܵĸ²ֻѣ֪֪˻ӦûţȪˮÿ쵱а˲ѡ
Ҳ֪ػŹ⣬аǧ꣬꼸Ѿȫٷȥؽա
ʱǱüа˽һֻڣˣϲû̫˰ɣ
ʱ϶ᡣ
ϴŽҲһΪѣĻɱɱǶһ
֮ô꣬ɱаΪЩǣŵ׳ȥ罫ӭ١
ʱͷа˽Ľڲл꣬Ĳл걻һΪһǿһֱаһڵ磬ɸͬʱܣȻߴ˳аԽǿ󣬽ԽҲΪˣܿааĿԽԽȪˮҲֵԽԽ࣬ȥõҲа룬ȵҲȪˮʱһоͳˡ
ʱǱ˼ԡҪɱаһǣĽڻǣ
ϴţôɱ


111 
׻ľ
ʱ³֣׻ľ
ϴ⣺аǰ֮, ¾ΪߵҲǼˣҲڶѣոʱ֪Щľ, ʹ˼ƷҲûԸаɣ
ʱǱҲãֳ֪޵ķʸһΪ
Ȼʱɽɽϣ
ϴֱһģӵˤȥ㡭˭Ҵע⣿
ʱǱ𲻾ǰĸĻ, ҲÿԲߣѾ, ĸɽ䱦렭ӦòӦȥ, Լ
ʱͷǧҲ޷⡣
ʱǱķҵ, תͷ֮֮ǰͲٿڣʵС, ĸƺϤһЩ, àпܴӦ𣿡
֮һֱۣͶһƬ, ɤᡣ
ʱǱûпܣʲô߽ʲô, àӦ
̧֮, µ˿̷ܽһƬܡ
ʱǱƶü
ϴǺƽҡҡͷв½ͨ, ǽһ֧˵ĸ𲻴ӦǿŲ˵Ѿή룬׵һʲôأаҲû𡣡
ʱ˵ĸ󣬵ǧǰƹʱϾݷãԸפزɽ޷̤һԴδۼ
ĸݶϾа磬ؽң˼𣬠ҲܵӰ죬ǿԴ렭̸
ϴʱǱûڣ֮Ĭã̧𱡱ƤƽؿʱǱĸɽΪľػǿŲǵмƻȫܡ
ֻϴʱǱȣʱҲǵһ˵˻棿
֮ްԡ
˶ʱĬǾĺ̸ˡ
ʱǱ룬ǿŲѾή˴ˣҲһϦ֮ήģԽԽϡаԽԽǿʢմаҲɡ
֮ɽϵ󷨿ά꣬Ǵ˼ˣҲκʧ
ʱǱ⣺֮ҷе֡
֮˶٣ʣ֣
ʱǱ۾Ҵδκ±ֳƶ̬ȣ컰öࡣ
֮Ĭһ󣬺䷢һ΢ŵ̾ϢĿ⹴ʱǱüۣϸ̰һһ飬ɤ΢ƣֹĸҲκ˺
ʱǱñЩ˼˵꣬˲üңΪʲô
֮𣬷վԸа񻹻ܼһʱ
ʱǱȥģ
֮ó¡
Ȱ֮ȥ֮ϴ°ͣȷʵе㲻Ծ
ʱǱŤͷﲻԾ
ϴ֮Ըûǧ궼˷ϣΨһһһǧҿ˵Ұ취ǴȴɽʲôʱĽ鰡˵Ǵ󣬵Ҳûٰ˵ʶ֮ǰֿԲ֮Ļ֪ȥɽȴҲûĸн鰡ѵǲн飿۾ٿȻһǲǲ˾ʶ
ʱǱΪʲô֪Ƽ˸ۣҲǳɳ񣬳ʲôֻһת˵ĲûпܣСɽϺͲй˻һвΪ֪Ľ顣
ʱһֱ˼֮ղŵ̬ȣԼһЩԣҲһЩ²⡣
ʱǱһֱ˵ʵ磬أ
ʱһĶãȻҲǵۣĲ²ֻǲ²⣬ûõ֤ʵ֮ǰ˵ֻ壬֮ĸĸҲΪ壬Գͺɽ˽顣
˵䣬֮Ŷ롣
ɫ΢䣬ʱǱȳ˵£Ҫȥһˡ
ʱǱ֪֮ʵжæЩѾǰæ֮гʱˣȥɣʱæֱɽҾС
֮ϴʱͷ뿪ǰʱǱû֮ǰҪȥɽ
֮ʱǱɽһ·ȫ󷨻أûĸɣ˭ϵȥ
ϴΪȻҾڱϣôҲûȥ϶ֿ̫ˣһǧ˺òһ㻼ûʧҲͦ
ʱǱԿһ𣿡֪ҸǲǸѷһ£
ϴ֪


112 

а޳, Ϊǽһꡣ
Ȼ޷ֹаƽ磬ֻ㡣
һɱа񣬶תаע
, ˶ֻͬɱа̫ѣҪתаעҲ򵥡
һĪչʱҴٴδ򿪣ʱǱתͷͼ֮ľ½˽ຮѣŸղŵĻҪ֮ܵ, ֱ
֮ǰۡ
Ӻ, һ᲻أȴȫɤ𣺡˽һ, һͬС
ӭ˵Ŀ, ֮ɣ
ͬһңҼ, ǧ, Ϊķӳ֣ÿ˵ķԶܴÿ˵Ķ, ޱʱǱ˲
ҷɣϡ
ʱü𣿡
żȷм, λôң
, ȨƵһȺˣûйϻֻʱȷʵ, Ȼ㿪ʼǿԼҪĳɱһϵ󣬻ܿɵؼеʮѸ١
ʱŽȣСʱȷѰҷɣļƻҪҵɣа񣬲δапᡣ
ֻЩʱǱûʸˣͳһ˳ȥϢңֻһȥһҲûС
ʱǱ˸λ£ѵõľȻ˵⣬ɽ췢ʵ̫࣬ҪһԺ
ֳû֣ʶţߡ
ʱǱûˣ˸£ȴ֪Ĵھ˾עܸųģɶļһȺˣǷߣҲ棬ΨʱǱס
Ƕĺ棬λǿ룬ܵ˵ʱѾ˶㣬οʱӵֻ˵˻黹ʮǿıôڴ֮ǰδ
ʱǱ˿֪Լߵʱжٵϣ²󱳾˲˻Ψһȷһ㣬Ϊֻǵ񣬾Ҫ̽ˡ
Ϣ˶һۣߵȥע⵽׷ͣ˽̸Ŀ⼯
ڼ˿ҪߵʱǱʱȻоһһһ㶣ʱӦ󷨡
ͬĿ⽻һǾһֱڹ۲꣬ɴµĿ˭Ҳûֲ
輫ߵʦƷƷϵ
ɹʶ˷ҪʶʱǱˡ
˽½һ޺˿ڣѡ
ͷҵűƿһ˱֣һ߲ŶͷϵĺŲ˽ڿĳԳСʱڣ

˶һŵس۾ʱǱȥ
طʮִͳںϰףгƺǾԲ֮ܳһϰ𵤼Ϊɳ֮ΪˣԪӤɳڳƺֻлϣʸΪ
˾Ȼǰ꣬
֪Ŀǰҽλһλزɽһλҵڣݽһλʣ˵ɽΪΪݣԵơ
ǰλۿ˳ƺͬ䣬СΪʵš
ܿ˵Լ
棬Ҳˡ
ܿ죬۵㲻˵ˣҲ˵󲿷ˣϾһճģƶΪľţǴδ˸һ㡣
ʱǱ֪Щô룬֮ѵõľ泩
Լ̫û˯һþˣֻǳǳ˯˲СʱҲȻһִδеˬͷҲޱѡ
ʱĻڼֻλǰŲ˲٣ʱϴԱߣǰ֮
ָӹټ򵥵ĺ˸к׼鳤ղŵĻݣͼϴѾԷΣЦЦղû˵ĻǾ͸ݸղ۵Ĳã¹شֻܳɹʧܡ
ӵĽ֣Ӧ£ĸһ뿪˻ҡ
ʱϴҲǡ˵λ񣺡λԽµıȫߣⷽرθɢΧаѪ
ղϴѾƻ˵ʱǱһȻҵɣڶԷɣΪаȻаûô׳Ҳܽסɱôڴ֮ǰսΪҪˣҪһǾܶɱѪޡ
ԽԵаѪѪаΪߵģԵѹν󣬵ղųȥʱưȻηѽ֮⡣
κʱʱǱΪˣϧ
ϴˣһҲˣǵɱ˵а
ɱ⣬ᵽ׻ľ
ܿ˷ԣ֪׻ľĿǰԸаЧķʽаǿͨ׻ľûЧɣҲֻһţˣһУҪ˭᣿
ĬʵĹǡ
ɣֻһţսʱ׳ɹӵɱаϾаǰӣվﰤ򣬶˭Ҳ֪ɣܲɱа񣬸֪Ǽ˭аһ֮
Ƿɣľˣһ䣬ǶƬ磬Īʧ
˷ɣ⣬ûеڶȻɣΨһϣǾҪһУҪ۵ǣ㹻ǿ׽١
֪ʿɽ١챦׽٣Ȼͨʿ׽˵˿ʱǱˣ˶ٵλĿǰҲδͻƼõֻ챦ˡ
Ȼ׽ٵ챦ôҡ
һĪչʱʱǱڣ֪һ
һ仰˶߼еλԽҴδڵϡ
ᣬ˼ﱲ곤Ȼûһ˿һλƢƵĽʮؿ˿ڣ˵
ʱǱؾ
⻰һ䣬һƬž֮С


113 
ʱ֪
ؾ, Խǧ꣬Ҳ˲֪˲
ܼҵĴֱӾؾǧǰʧˣҺؾԿƬǲ֪䵽˺δ, ܴ򿪺ؾ
ңؾԿʱǸˣҲܿ
ʱǱֻҪԿ״룬Ҿܴ򿪡
һ䣬ɣܣؾܿͿˣĻȵڣ
˴Բʱ𣬻ӱ, ֪ǧǰ, ǺؾǧǰʱãԱ֮, ؾԿȻ, ڿбɢ˲֪ƬҲûء
ϴЦԿûǾȥ, ѵϣ, ѵҲԾֱӷ
ϴһڣҵĴϢ, ֻ֪ΪȴδʵʱǱϴľݽν, ˭ҲźǺ
, ˿ڣ˵òֻǺؾĴ˵ǧǰǧ˭Ҳû˭Ҳû, ʱޣǻѴѰҺؾԿƬȴ˭Ҳ޷ûɱ̫ˡ
̾ǰ˭ܱ֤ܴ򿪺ؾأ
⻰ǿ͹ۣϴʱǱûٿڡ
ʱǱİ֮ϣ֮ǳɫĺдԭڿ˻䡣
ʲôҲҪ˵֪֮Ѿ֪һУҸ۷ʲôڡ
ʱǱתʱ۵͸һ˿š
ǧǰǧδҪزأ֮ǰڵʱԶǷǣɼˣȥϰӻʱҲûιڵʱգֻҪȥ飬ܻʲô
ȻһȴͬȻȻǣңҲ˺֮ǡ
ʱͬʱ֣䣬佱нʱһ˫ȾЦ⣬Ṵͬ˵ɣúܺá
ʱǱۿȣֱܿ緢Ұѹȥ̧򦣬ɨӻˣܼҺԼ϶ͣ˼룬а취֤
̧֣޳ָڿһ㣬£˫ָüģһɫƽͣ𾪵Ŀ֮£ϵġʱ׭ٲȻС
⡭ǣ
ʱϵļһգ
仰һ˷ͷһͻȻʱǱϡ
ǧǰʱϵˣ
ʱϲǱô
ʱǱ˻㵻򾪾ɫһӣ޺ޱУ
ҲֻʱˡվԭأĿȴһ˲˲ܼˣʵɤֱ䣺ǵ걻Χ׷ɱԱɽģʱ֪١
˶һԺըûһܹά侲ܼˣĿ࣬ɫ׽ӡ
ôܣ
ܼ˶Ƥӣһʵּ¾ʲôƵģ˶εĺ
ʱǱΪǧȥڵܼ˲֪ǧǰʲôڿ֪
Ṵֳϣʮ׵ľ룬Ŀȴʵʣôܣкؾ֣Ļôȥ
ܼ˾һֱԶ̲סվ˳
ԵλҲվڼ峤ϵԴʼУûзһԣȻʱ˿ȴò˵
ʱ𡣡ԶԶԶʱǱĿⲻûǴһǰǲżѵֳ
ʱǱһͷǧȥܼҵûнаһССɻأӡ̡
⻰νԶ侲ɫҲ仯һ˲ܿһ˽ࣺҼǵõʱʱֻǰ´һλԱҵʱһļˣƺû顣
ʱǱԹǶҵΪ𣿡
ԶͫһʱʶԼ©
ʱǱǵʱҵĺΪ֤֤ǵǸʱ֪٣ôʱǱû⣬Ϊȴ⣬ĵ粻ܳһλʮ͵Ƿ廯ɸΪ֮Ҳ
һڼ֤ʱǱݡ
Զɫף˻ܼҳ
ʱǱָӹ٣úͻǧ֮ǰлúؾΪʱϴ֣֮ʱʢֻ뱨ѪȻҿԵģʱ֪پûɱһ޹֮ˣлԣһΪɢ֮ء
ΪԽߵߣԾԽ׹ⷬģȡˡοȻǧǰ£һþЩҲûУʱ֮ʱȻп־塢ŭʶбһϣɵĲȥʱĳЩ෴ḡˮ档
֮ˣٶԼжϡ
̲סʣɷһ䣬ѾԱǡΪֻ
ʱǱҡͷҲ֪ʵʵԱ֮һ۱ǧ֮ˡ
ԣŻڵʱңӵ޺ޣŻΪȻص񣬲ܡ𡢾ݽͬʱΪ˵
һ㣬˸ƶʱ֪ٵݣҲֻǿͬʱΪΪҸݴԣǧǰһʦ֣һҲʦͬţһѣһеˡ
֪ʱǱݣܼҵˣǾϲţܿ侲úؾףڵõʱǱῪźؾʱһĿʱºֺͰ
ָӹ٣ңҲߣǧǰ˽ÿ±˶ʱ˵ʱϲʱ֪ӢĻ˿̿ʱǱĿͰ
û취˭ʱǱһģСӶʱ֪Ҫ꣬ټ鱾ż˽ʱ֪ʱͺͬĳԶĿʹҲĸҰҺޡ
ˣŻڻָ֮Ĺϵ˽ʲľ
ֻλıְʱ˿̼ˣȻͣסλһ˶ԿǧˣԱ˰ɽɽͷӵкؾԼǿֵʷ
ʱǱôԶȽҪöࡣ


114 
ɣ
ָӹĿ, Ͱôأ
ʱǱԴصҲƢͣʲʧֻҪԿ״룬ؾȻ, ϡؾвۻԵ챦ŨȾͷɱȣʱؾŴ򿪣Ȼס֮ǰɣ뵽λ
ָӹһãô졣
ӻܼΪ׵ļɫ, Ψܼ˸ѿ, û׶ͣҴҵ뿪ˡ
һ, ǧǰ¾ǧʿĴħͷûϢ, 硣
ʱʱǱѾ֮վһ֮⡣
Ƿɣ֮
ֵʱ䴳ȥҲȥ, Ҳаûɣԭ򡣡
ʱǱ, Զ·һƬ̬ĸľ˵, Ļδеĸߴǧ, һ, ֱе򰫽˳ֽ֦Ҷ, ɫâ
ǧһƬϴҲЩȣһΪֻɫ࣬ûЩҶҲôٻš
Ƭּ㣬ڿԶҲͷ֦ʲ֦ͬҶɫ죬ϷȴʮֺгһŨīزʵĻ
ȴ˵ҽȥʱһɽȣֻ˼һξܿһƬȪɣ롣
ɽдȡзɣʮԡںڳݱˮУдľվ֦һվ֦
ֵмʮơ
ʱǱãֳ磬㿴ʲô𣿡
ʱĿ۲·ЩѾʶ䲻ȫҲѵá
ʱǱҲ˳ת֮
֮￿ȣŨһ
֮⣬ľʶ֡
ʱľͬ໥棬ϹľԱߵľײǣܶϡ
ʱǱ룬֣ܺǽ𣿡
ҡͷȻǶʶûǰŷҡҡλһ£ͺ͸ճӤƵģû˵
ϴ󷨣ֵĵʱ䣬ɵҪӲ
ֱӰһۣ֪֪ǷɣľЩûǣɣУӲԣ㵽ʱ
ʱǱϴļ򣬡ģʵѡ
֮ʱǱ֣伸һͬ˹
ʱǱ֮ǰƺ￴Ҳ̫ǵˣͼǵ˵ⲢܰڲǧȻγɵ󷨣Щ󷨵ĺĲۣЩʶСλΪ˶٣󷨡
ϴȻȻãȻ˵ѣ
ʱǱҡҡͷҲ֪Ϊʲôδ󷨣ɵϷʱԺȴĪ˽ȥ·ߣֱ·ûֻиһͷΨԼܽ
֪Сֳͬ⡣
ղ˵ô໰̵棬Ϊľ仰Ȼ취ͬȥ
ֻǣʱǱС˼ûֳ֮ƺҲ˫۽𾦡
һ䣬˱һǰһ󿪿ڡ
󷨣͸Դ
һ𡣡
ϴãȻҲһ𡭡
ʱǱһۣʱͰ֮󷨲ˣ·ʱ䳤ЩٱͳǸ󡣡
ʱɨۣû֮ȴ֣á
ʱǱϾ׵ĿⱾƿûסȥ
֮ǳǳһŵϸ߽һ
ʱǱȻ߰ɡ
ʱؿ˿֮ûж໰ֻʱǱһ࣬µġ
һ˺֣ܿϷʱвŷ֣Ȼľïܣÿм֤䣬Ҳ·ǿ˵·ĳ˵ĵ
ţʱǱ۾ֱǰȥ
֪ߵһʧϴʱȻ֡ڰ֮˲ɫУһ̤뿴ŵĽ֮С
ʱǱһۣ۵һƬ
峺׵ĺǧɼ϶ľУȻɣʱǱɽϼĲһ㣬Ѿӽή֦Ҷ͸ɫ
ֻһһ۵Ľл硭
ʱǱһ٣ɣ
ɣ˻֦ҶһĨ͸С֦мڣཱུС԰ȴ͸žϲ
ˣ
ʱǱһ٣ĵӿЩѹΣиϾֻ֪С޵ϤС
ǡ
СɣȴʹɵʱǱߣֱ۱ţСίѹصС
ʱǱһʶʣΪʲô
Сɣҡҡͷִ˸Ƿڤʧ֮СͲˣԾͳ˰СɣΪ˵ȸһֱŵģСɣҲ˯
ʱǱ׽ϸڣü΢ʶң
СɣƺΪʲôôʣȻͷСɣСĸ磬СɣȻʶ硣ȻֺԺһֱСɣ𣿡
ʱǱʮֱ׵׻ҵʱ˵Ҫȥʲô𣿡
Сɣ۾ܿһˮ˵лҧĽŽţҪȥѻߣ˵˻ͻССɣСʮġ
ʱǱֳֵʾ棺Сʮ磿
Сɣָߵͷ硢硭СŸ綼ˣֻСʮˣСʮҲ˵ҪȥҸ磬Ҳþûлˣ㿴Сʮ𣿡
ʱǱ΢ȻеġСʮ˲²⡣
СɣСʮ˵ˣЩҧŽŵС߿Ϳˣ粻ùܵģˣҲ
Сʮ˵ʲô
СɣҡͷˡʱǱüţֹССɣ롣һ˵Сʮ˵ԶɹģЩӲŲǳӣܵĻܸôǣǶм磬˵ȥҪˡ죬һ˲ҲҪ
ʱǱƮƮСɣ޺ޣߵмΨһһ¡
Ÿɿݵķɣɣ͹ƽƤƤһһȴ˫ĿգĻԺ


115 
Զ
ǰ, ƬظĶϣ
ߣƺЩȳ
ʱ֮һ
ֻǵԼһƬ֮г, ۱а頭ˣǲȫȴ͠һϲ֣һ·ˣ̽磬Ҳ飬ȡ˸֣ɡ
ʱĴʱ˲ѣЩºͳɽЩƽҲЩ鱩ҽԭͬ, kǶػԼĳء
ʱ, ʠҪȥĶ
ʱͻȣǵ˵ҾĴ
һ߲죺kϲʣ
֪˶, ʱһͣ, Ϊϣһȫµ档
ǧ䣬ػ糤, һλƯŮ, Ůҫ۶ºͣߵʮ, ȻƮȻȥ
ʱֻչźӣҲչ, ۼʮֻʪëС砭ĸһҫ۵ģ, Ҳ۵С糤ñȠߣɽߣֱ
Ȼ, ʮֻРСȻֶŽРС顣
СǰҷɣСǲΪ鰢ʱСѹűˮ㠭ˣСƤ˯렭졣
һ죬ʱСë׵СԴСǴֲڵƤߠǣҪȥı仯ˡ
һˣ˸飬ʶ˸ѣֱˣ˸ط˯һ
ʱʮֻСֻʣССʮϴ󰢽ҲʶѰȥ˸Զı
±Ǩ䣬ǰʱһķ֮һѹȴŭֻͣĴˣĽŲѡøʱʣµӡ
ʠ磬ֿ˺סɽ£סͷʠҪҪȥϷһ档
ʱ˿Եİܾˡ
ˣ˷ܵظߠԭ󲻻ɢµĳǳ
ʱȥһȦúܺãЩϧһЩСŠǻҲֻصĻᡣ
˺ʱȴЦȻ̫ˣСܵӰ졣
ʱһֱʱȴ̫ܸоţΪkҲԼԽԽǺԹkҲоĴˣˡ
֮䣬k˳֡
ЦŭţЦţ޺šδ˷
ľƽȻ
ɰʱĿԽЩȴܿʻ
kЩ𣿡
ǡûȸԾѽˣպȥͷסˣͨˣšû취ȥͷסˣͺͰɣͰСʮһǠǵĺŻлУħǺͨ˹ϵãǴܣ˻йǰסŵЩ꣬ǲֻأҲܵأ
ʱȤɣСʮҲàk̫ãӦóȥˣǰʱȥ˼䡣
ͨͯģͬͬһѧϰɭһֻСȺһͬܣԣħ꣬ˣϲЩ顣
ȠˣصɣʱСʮ۸˺ۿˡ
䣬ữؼأûֻء
ʱĬһֻСʮԴߵkǹ
СʮֻڵkһȻŵk˯ȥ
ȥʱһʹѣͬСʮ밢ɣԭ˺Сʮ㠭˯ȥؼû̫ˡ
˱ԹҲԹޣ렭Ժ렭壬˹
СʮǵĿŠɣͰҲ޺۾
ʱһΣ۵µġ
Сʮ񣺡ĽŶˡ
ʱʱģȫǣΣΨб͸Ө׵Ľһ㲻ĺǸĶ
ûµġվɣЦŵӰ·
۵زŠȣأŠ
ʱԶ˼սİ
ɫΣͬڻǣѾΪ˴ͺҲеĳΪɽɳĮػһƬأΨРججȫȻ֪޵ˣôꡣ
СʮԴʣһæ𣿡
Сʮ¶ȴᶨصͷ
ҪЩȴ⣬ͰɣཱུСʱ͠һѾģʱȥѾصɽˠԼͬһĸͰɣԭأȴСʮÿջҲŠ
ʱ֮ܲ£ǹ絮ʱڠԺ︡ˡ
ԣʱһλʿǧĻõkѸܿоǰݷãˡʱǧѡҵһλʺƽңһͳݡ
һʱͣɠԽȴ⣬֮󣬺ܿ콫߷ŵ壬һԣı졣
ڶʱΪħʥӣk֪ħǳɹħ֮λ󣬱㿪ʼԼħ壬塢彨һбʮ˳Ȼʱһϰ޾ħ㿪ʼûϣһͬΧħ塣
ħ塢ٴοսʱȴ޷ӰشսֻۣɢħסħȻɢ
ʱȥά״̬ʱħ֮ĳѾ˲ݵĳ̶ȣڤ»һһ޼ҳ𣬱Ǳ˹Ҳڤ˺ҧԷ
꣬ڽڤϡ
ʱһλۿҲ䣬ʱʱֻܿСʮĬ
ʱֻܴҴҰοһٴ̤˼䣬Ϊɽڵ֪һλ֮ö֮ƫ壬ʹԪˣħҲĿ
ȻʱҲ޷ֹʲôˡħ֮޷׵ͣҲƣ޷£ֻڤĹԽԽ࣬մȾĶҲӵ䡣
֮ǵΧŠתҲֻһʹ
Сʮ˵Ҳܴңϴ֮ʲô׾ˡ
ʱѵˠȴûֹҡ
ˡħ嶷ðգ䣬ڤ縺زСһʹ࣬ɢˡ
ˣֻʣĽ硣
ֲãħҲûˡ
ʱ֪ٹһʱ䣬Ƭ鶼ʧҲһֻأà֡
һգʱڷɣãһȥأӰȥɽ֮ϵ磬ӡ֮󣬴˼䡣
һΪˮֻתһΪܣΪָ
ʱӡеļ䣬һһֻأÿһҪֹķÿһЧ΢ֱĳһɽ
ɽн࣬ɽѧϰʱҲѾԪˣԼͬͣսϢ
˺ƽǧֱ꣬ɢ֮ǰΪؾĺɣϤϢû˼ֻʣʶ¶ҵһʱ֪ٵİʱ


116 
k
ʱǱ, âС
ؿֱһǵİɣʣСʮ𣿡
ɣϳ, ۾һҡҡͷСʮ˵ȵk֮󣬸Ҳʹˡ
ʱǱһȻʲôһֻԴӼ֮ҲŻĶѾ˲Ǳѹ˫ϥ¡
ɣ˵֣СʮûƭɣȻˣ
µĶⶼķۼ, Ȼͺˡ
ʱǱƮƮİɣ, Ŵֲڵɣٴα˫, ʣɣм𣿡
ɣͷƣü, ὫСԣ³Ľë硭kkҲɢ˰
ʱǱ۽޲˲Ժиְ֮ǿӲ̬, סɤ, ɣԸ˵𣿡
ɣС˲ˣҿʱǱ, ССʮ粻ðɣ㡣
ʱǱ᣺Сʮ飬Ҫ취ȵk, ɣ߸Ļ, ûȵkˡ
ɣһСʮǼЩһʧ𣿣
ʱǱۣԴ粻Сʮʧġ
ɣ, δ뿪С鱾ͲóѣʺϱܣСʮ˸ףСʮ糳һܣȻ󰢽ͺСʮһȥˣȻ󡭡ȥһϣȻСʮ˵Ϊ˰磬ҲᡢҲᡭСԴʧɣˡ
СĻģʱǱȴƴ˸߰˰ˡ
Сʮ֮ǰ֪Ϊʲôȴһ£Ȼ뿪ľҲǲˮ֮С
䣬ֻһ֪ˮ޲ҪͩľֻƷ޸ģǽľ
ˮֳҵֳ֪ˮֻܿأǰǰֳҲײǡýСʮͰļƻ֮У
޸ˮĽľֻ轨ľľģȴ룬ӿˮ޸ٶȵͬʱǽһ
ȻҲСʮƻеһǰָ䣬֪飬֪kʲôԻֹkkɱĶ޷ΨΪתƵԼϡ
޷ô᳹䣬ֻҪ˼ɰ޷аֻܱľƳɵ׻ľɱѾ뽨ľİû˱壬һ·ûˡ
ðŰҲɢķתƶðıȥɱСʮ
Сʮһֱ֣Ӷе·
СʱǱüģۣͼɣذο˵粻ҪģܿСʮͰͶˣԺԶһġ
ʱǱ鸴ӵͬʱĵҲһ˿ůҪ˵ʲôԺʯʲô
СʮΪʲôҪ
õؾʱһиͻûзСʮܼҺƼֶʦ𣬲ŵ˺飬СʮܺǵǷʲô
ʱǱʰɣǧǰʲô𣿡
ɣҡͷɣ˯֪
ʱǱüʲôһϤ˽磬˪İ̼֮͵ǰ
΢΢һδ˵־ͱǣסˡ
֮ɫؽȫɨһ飬ȷû֮󣬲ŲǷɣ飿
ɣؿǣŸ˭
֮밢ɣӣǰ֮
ɣͷ֮˭
ʱǱఢɣԴǸѡ
֮΢٣ʱǱɣһȻĵͷСƵ˵þûˣҺСʮ綼ܵĸء
ʱǱһЦԴ㵣ˡ
ɣ˼Ц
֮ɫؿСĻĿ΢
ʱǱװûעĿ⣬԰ɣº˵ɣһȺòã
ɣɵͷá˵˷ɣ
ʱǱӿһ磬֯ڰ֮Ŀ£Ȼɢ֪˵Щʲôˡ
ֻ֣֮ѣ
ʱǱʶϣת뵽ԼܾúͰ֮һʱţ۲ݣЩҪ
ҡ
ʱ֪١֮˵أƽɵ֮ǰ߹㣬һֻһλ£Ӧ˾ûзڵء
ʱǱ죬Ҫ˵
֮ҪʱѸһΣǵڶ 
ʱǱʱԩſڵʱǿ˭֪۰
ʱǱô붼ԩǻͰ֮ϴ·ɽʱǻ˵˭֪׷ɱ˶½һɽȣһֻĻþ
ؾ˴ǰִһԱԧŮʶḶ́ҪƾΨǵݽϷһˡ
ǣеһŮͷͨҪ׼Ůɽñӵļɽ
ʱǱãֱӾͻ˼ɽ񡪡󸡣
ɡˣȫ̰ݡĽɫŮϴݣٵԧ죬ٵɰ֮ݵꡣ
󣬡˸һҪŮĶͳȫ
Ƭۣǰ֮ʱʱǱġ
ǻʱǱһֱǾһƬְֱۣ֮ͨЩԣģ˭֪һ͵֪˼Ұǵۡ
ʱǱٳٶۣҲְ֮ĸˣŵæѽϴҹɽ
뵽ʱǱǡЦȿ˼ŮŮɾˣ˼Ķ֮Ȼƽ˵Ļþ⼸Ļˡ
֮üۼĺɫƣȥתӿʻҷҲǳǳ𣬲ؾӺζй޷ΥؾҪ֮ĲۣҲ޷ȥ
ʱǱȻҲ֪֮˵ʵ
ؾСҪľΨ󣬲۷ֵΣƾҪĶǽؾ֮ĶǰĴңǲڰؾܿɶѽ鱦һʬǡ
Цǣ׷ɱʱǱҲͬʱؾЩδͨ飬ΪһʬеһԱŵʿ֪ʼĩ󴫳ȷʵʱǱϰ֮ɱЩˡ
һֱһϴҥֱӱĨȥˣɼҥҲ֪ҥ鴫ҥЩȴβܵ
֮ʱǱ˼ʱ䣬ʣҵǺιϵ
ʱǱһһ֪ұ󡭡ܶ࣬᲻ƭ飿
֮۵Ц⣺ҴӦ
ʱǱһ㶣Ӧʲô
֮ʣѵ飿
ʱǱ֪Ҫ⣬ɿ۵Ц⣬ƺƶᷴڣʱ˷ǣǰȻӦˣǾ׼ˡ
ټ죬ͺߡ
֮ǣס֣ʮָۣá
ӿ磬԰ɣĿǣŵֵĿ⣬ʱǱһɣҪȥһˣźòã
ɣʱ죺ҪȥɣԼ
ʱǱһǱ裬籣֤βãܿͻˡ
ɣʣһ껹𣿡
˯̵һҲǰɣõ̵ʱ䣬С˼գ۾ʡ
ʱǱһҭǲ֪̻ѹ£һ֤һˡ


117 
а
˭Ҳûϵ, Ϊľս˳
ȫӿźƵа񲻸߲ڰգӸµظŰTţп, ŲȴδɱѪɫ
㶼ˡ
ܸʲô
ͬʱڣԶԶ͸ǹսǱڵ˵ʲôҲǵɫģֻʱᱬصĴսľսԴ
ָӹҲĿ, ɫȴڳ˶ƽ
ֱ˷ʣ, 𵽵׺˵ʲôͻȻıƻ
ԭƻ, Ӧҵɣ, аȻٴ򿪺ؾɣ׻ľ, ԴԸа
Щ迴, ʵÿһʵ֣иҪֶĲ, Ҫ޶ʱﲻʧÿһڣڳ˶ǽӵ, ÿźηľ龫ǵԼ
Ȼ, ǺȻյٷֹ֪ͨͣǵ񣬸֮ǰ׼õĽɱص㻻, ʱԵصֱ˼
ңȻҲǸ磬벻ɽټϲ֪ǷĸɽʵڲǾսĺõط
ЩӰظҪǿ˶ָ֪ӹȴں̸֮󣬺ԥطһ飬ڶͽսٶʷǰ
ʲô˼ԭָӹٴӦʱԡսأⳡغ˵սڳ˶ޱȽţҲޱȺ档
ָӹҡͷƽɣ۵ȴԼƽȵĽź͵ǡ
һġ
ӮˣǱΪȡʧܡ
뵽̸Ǹģĵ˵Ļ壬аʱ֣ΪľҵΪʱսܣҲԱkϴаΪ㹻ʱ޲磬Ϣ
֣һ񣺡Ҵʮˣл׳١
ʱǱҡҡͷһнҶ𡣡ɻĿ⣬ûйͣ˵һϵ󣺡۽Σаһ˿л꣬ڣ֮ɽɡ
ָӹһ㶣漴ĳ־ĸ
ʱǱЦЦа֮ĸЩ飬kΪ飬ضԸа곹䣬ǽ֮Źɽĸúô
ָӹ˼һȻӦ
ĸ֮ڣǧд˵ɵǷִѷȴ˿ȥ̽ʱǱһƽал꣬ܽ˱סǿΨһ̫Ҳܽ˷ӡʣѪޣԴĸߣǾһˡ
뵽ָӹٽżأʹģҲԸ˿
ʱǱа֮䣬ɱųĬ
Ȼȿ˿ڣȥ˷ɣ¡˶٣ǣܹµ
УаɳƵɤЩʧ棺꣬㵱ֻǹµ𣿡
ʱǱ۽΢ͻȻ޻˵
аķ紵ɢƣһֱ
kſʱǱѪ֮֮⣬Ϥģůζ
䣬ݶϾЩɵղ㣬֪缴һƨܵ÷ɿ죬ǻȥλ棬ƴռ׳֮ʱΨ㡣kҧгݵģһһģΨ㣬Ҫ²
ˣʲôأаסʱǱа޿ײ룺㺦㣬ǧǧΣ
kɤԹЮŷŭţа죬Ʒأգۿ֮˴ʧɫҲħ˰kаѪޡ
ʱǱ֪˵ʲô
ӵˡʱеĻ䣬ʱǱ
ǵðʱ޾ϲɽˮ֪ʱϲһжܿɰӼǵãֻ¶Ųϣʹ˻İʱһδͶܵİѧĶĸܡ
һδθϵõkĴԵԡ
ǣ˵kһһεĳԣkԸΪkϲ︶Щ˵壬ʱǱΪǲǰʱΪkϲĸ뱣ˡ
С־Ϊǿʦ۶˵ʣҲԸٽҲѡɽѧʱϱ֮󣬱ѩ޾ͳĿ꣬ڼ䲻Զ٣٣٣Ҳδȴ
ʱҲˣֻkϲ뱣̫㣬ڼ䣬ǵĸܡ
ʱǱ侲ĽԼ밢ʱֿаĿ⣬ȴյ¶ȣСʮ
ķȻͣ£аҲƺУһжпյشʱš
ʱǱ˶٣ʣǲǸ㣬һҵһ
ķٴ𣬴ʵT죬ȴ˿֮Ϯů
ûлشǻش
ʱǱ̾˿ʵڷɣջ˼֮ҳһ©
ˮܶͶ̥ת߶̫Զˮʱһûκ⣬ȴ͵ıǴͶһܾѾƺһС
ʼӦֱͶʱϣڴ֮ǰͶǧ֮޸ĸʮ󣬲ٴνٻǧ֮ǰ
ʮΪһ׼ǰᡣ
ͨˮλһͶʱңʱʮһǵĺӽƳͶʱ䣬֮УΪʱϱһΪʱϲıԣպѡǱȻĽ
ǣúһ˵ʱϵĳɽԣһϼ츳ɾȱһΪ츳ڵ֮ӣȴ޷֮һԽʣ̤ɽʦ
͵˵㲻ͣҲ˵õܣܾ֮Ϳʱ״ƻϸڡ
˵Сʮ׼ʱų˺ɣСʮۿһҪ޸֮ĹϵСʮ֮ǰǧεı³׹ĶСʮ֮󣬸ʱģۿűͶʱѾõܼҺƼҶʱϳ֣Сʮһѻ𣬱֤ƻ˳С
ʱĴܵļ֮Уϳ˰ʱܾ֪ˮĴڣʮʱ޸ˮȴһֱ״̬ʱ֮˲Ϊľʱһ졣
СʮȥʱҲΪ˶ʱȥ߲ˮ֮֮ͱ˵һһ˿꣬ͶΪˣҲͨǿһ˿̫΢֮ʱ˷ˮ֮ʮ£Ѿ㹻һ˿꽫ǧǾ׼õ֮С
ȻһжܵļƻС
븴ѩ޵ִ֮УҲ޷²֮£ļƻ֮У׼˺ؾƬԿף׼ָڵֻ֮󿴵⴯磬ԽֻԱΪ
󣬱Ǵ֮УȻƿλ棬k͵һ硣
һмƵ޷죬֮ǰۿɱɼ飬Ҳ©һ㡣
֮Ĵڡ
֮׻ĺĩʱƿǣɳˣĴڱ㲻֮УҲܵļ֮С
֮ڽСɽܵļ֮⣬֮ɽѧҲܵļƻ֮Уϸ΢ƫע˽Ľ
һǧ֮꣬߱ɽؾżԴ˳ɰǧΣҵ˹ˮļأҲҵһ˿ˮꡣ
죬ԼĻߵǿԲţֱǰҲҪװһֻ֪ܿȥѰǣǰһֱ֣ǰӷɣɫǲ֮̽½һ̶
ǧֳزɽѹаҲΪ˲֮ܲҲһΪξѾ󲿷ʱ䣬ɳ֮⣬ΪһؾһŹż߲ݱǧûкúϢһա
ο֮޹
֪һеʱʱǱνŭСʮΪΪҲǰʱһ·ˡ
ʱԷʶ½磬һδͼֿⷽ򣬱Ѿ˶֪Ҳ޷ıԽԽ󣬸οkĵĲһ֮һ֮ǰʱ֮ʵǿѾҷ
ǿҲпݽ֮ʱ䣬һһԷǰֻأ𣬼ǰʱҲ޷ơ
ˣÿһΪ˵ΪǸĲֺ޹ЩԹŵk֪δ˱ŵkǰ;ȴ֪˱Թŵk
ЩӵkĽŵؿڣһ֮ǰѾӿkĿڱǡ
㵽ǧǰʱһһǣֻ֮Уk֮ǰЩһ䡣
ԣʱϵĶԹȻ˥СʮֻҪ٣kȻλʱ죬Ҳܳȡˮ֮ͬСʮͰһ𣬽kȥĽ档
ļ֮УʱΨһ·ȴʱǱҪߵ·


118 

ǰ, ܵļƻѾвͨˡ
СʮĬκ󣬵еͨ
ʱǱ뵽ʲô, ͫһ漴üɽǱߣ޷ȥġ
ˣΨһܸıΨ˿ɽɰտĸ, , ҲûǶֽš
Сʮҡͷ磬˵, ֻ, ϴѵ𣿼Ȼ˼ǰѾռĽҲŬ꣬βֻһ, 侲Թأ
ʱǱҲ֪λش, ֻʱȰˡ
СʮԳһЦǲɱԼĴ, ֮, , ѵᰮűһֻϣ͵ֻ̻̲Դ˼С
ʱǱûзСʮĻ, Ϲ˾ְ˵жమˣȷʵЩǣǿˡϾֵʱҪ̫࣬ûѾ䣬ʱ˵İҲΪ˲Ĵ㣬ΪĳĳȺĿѶͣĿ⡣
ǰʱԸҲҪ顣
ʱǱĿԼܿϣķ촽򣬻м˿΢۵ίͷŭữĶ͸
κ˼kὫk췭ظаϹϵ
ʱǱǰʱͻ̣֪СʮʲôҲ޷õkʹ䣬ҪģСʮⷽĺڰȻסʱСʮԼҲ롣
ϣΪ˽ͳעҪ磬ϧǻΪۡʱǱɤỺ͸ʧΣĹ¶ҲԣҶ뿪ⷽ磬ҪĹ¶
⻰Сʮһ
ʱǱʣûʱҪס䣬Ϊֻ𣿡˶٣̾Ϣһⷽ𣬳˰ʱ˭߲ˡ
СʮΨһһֻڣѾ֮УͰɣҲһkǽµۺţƹѭǶ磬kЩڣѾһⷽ𣬵k˭߲ˡ
ǡ
ˣҲҪʱ䡣ʱǱĿ⴩͸ֱֱ类ĳȴ˵ϣңңܴԽǧ꣬Ϊ˸Եִ֡
Ȼͬʱ֡
ѵĺʯʱǱŻԭԭòаҲ𣬳ķȥһճϼ⣬֮⣬ȫˡ
ɣ
ʱǱһȣؾ˲俪аؾȡǧļأɽܿεĴؾֻ˲Ⱦڣɾ˵һ̻Ϊޡ
Щӳ۵ף۵ŤֻǳĬµؿţȴ
СʮʱʱǱҪ飬k˶٣ɬûõģؾ̫СˣҺѾûʶû㣬࣬ʶǿҲûͻȻһ٣۵ױųŭ𣺡ʲô
ڵkźͷŭ֮УʱǱʶһӣ̸磬۸ؼеϸϸаúؾա
ͬһʱ䣬أȪˮΧһƻСÿһƬҶΣһ֦ܵҺ֦ȴ翣Ψ˫ۣܿӫε֦ɣɢʥâ
֦Ҷչ·ĺ֮ͬ䣬âתϿգ¶⡣
˿̵ʱǱҲ˫ۣתͬСʮϵаתڡ
ˣ
ʶʱǱʲôСʮԴһƬհףϼԳκα飬޴Ŀ־ѹǧıѹֻ֣ʣۿˮǻãͲ֪롣
ͣ¡k֣ͽ޹ֹǻ磬ˡ
𣬱Ǵֵƣȴаչʢδأаݣͬ
ʱǱ۽΢а岢ܣҲϰˣһֱͣΪҪʱ䣬ȴֶסؿڵһɣȻԴһˡ
ûۡ
֪Сʮڿʲô֪СʮܿkѾаȾȫһаԽԽ֧ţõķ뿪ԽԶԽá
Сʮȥk֪
ʱسʱ飬kĴ֮Ů洣ֻŮʱ
֮֮󷨡ڰʱԲСϷʱǱʾѣ˰ʱʱǱѾǷ켫
󷨲ɲգɽӶΪ壬аĻļ֮У󷨣ҲС
Сʮ־ֻԼΪ룺ұɣ
ʱǱۣ˿۾ԣ紵̾ϢһΣ»ء
Сʮһ뵽ʲôǿɢаʱǱ
˿̣޺
У̧ͷ졣
һϼ죬䣬һߵѹĩյ
Ȼʧıڳˣڤڤ֮У֪һλˡ


119 

ʮǰ
簲ȫִֵӶԱⲿܳȪˮ, СŸ裬ȴʱ
˺滨ʲôѯʶѡ
Ҳ֪, ֻӦֲɣӳ˵ĶǾж
˻Ǻ棺ֲ𣿡
ʣ͵͵˶䡣
ӳҡͷ˳𣺡ô໰
ֹԱ棬ŻĶӳҲһ֪ʲô⻨õĶǧ׿̻Ҳ˭˶֪οϵⳡսܲʹ˺棿
ҲЩһ, ֪ʲô
ֽ轻ʱ, ֣ض˵˫ĵҲ˳, ʲô, ֣ؽӹʱѾģ۷ʲôᱣ裬
ʱ, ע, ҲŻ裬һʱע⵽Сݷѿ, һ
ֲ
ǿҵ
ôò̫Ҿһڣоѻڵľ˶˼, ϴƵģ
ֻĸо, Ҳһɴ˿ȴûʱǺ棬ΪСѸ, ֮䣬ѾСа׸ߡ
ӳһ׼õĽʯָλãȻС£ͬʱ󡣡
һݱ󣬼գۼѾվ˸վλϡ
ȪˮϿŨڣаţХ⽫͵øԶǧ֮ؾҲ޺ŨصĲڰƬأڳ˶ĵ׳ء
ողƴڻİδΪ˷飬Ǳ˭жҪɣܣ
ɸǵĵ˽⣬ʤļʾͬ۲ָŨڣȫ
ӳ
һ˵ע⣬ûˣ߶Сϡ
ոճɵСΣҡžӨѿǵâᶨķƮҡ֮аӯȪˮϷĺҲţȫŽǾˣƯСչ֦Ҷ£תʧ
һĻλã˶ţʱš
֪ʱøɬɤˡ
䣬Ҷή֦ҰܣлҰƣһ紵СΪɫӫ⣬ɢؼ䡣

˶Ծ֣СʧķȻʧ
һ̣һûԤгԺ飬ˡ
*

ҰպĿĵشת
֮ϣаһŨڷԱӳĵk԰׵պͿãۡ
kţҰѰܡ
ȻĿ֮ɳ̣һƬտ·𱻳һ˿
һз̫죬k޷룬Ƿʲôŵ˽
ʮǰ˻ö˶վڵkǰôһգۣkϵаʧ˿أȫӿȥ̼ͽûΪ˰׹ǣֱ紵Ҷʣ
kɽϵһ˿ʶҲ޷
ܡ
⼸֣kûκα߳ȻƵ̫䣬ڲҰ׵ȴȻΣk۾ٿˣܣŲߣ֪ģ
kӰãһҪʧڴ˵ء
ȻʱһӰǰ
ǡɫһݣȴʢſԽµĴȱпᣬɤҲƽԶʰ֮
֮ʱǱҲҪµһ˫۳÷ڣɤƽ䣺ȥ
ƽһ˲ûбðķŭĿɨʯͷһ¶ԣʲôҲȥ԰˿ͽÿ
֮ԣ԰׵ָƽƽʯڿǱ̼ȥǿųɡͷСʯͷɢʥԵĽ⣬ڰ
ɫ䣺裡
Ϊһ֮۵ͬɽ嶥겻ıȪɤҲ͸ʿԼ壬Ϊֻ֮Ϊһ˿꣬ʰڵĽ𣿡
ʰٿؿ֮۵ױŷ޵Ĺâܣkɽţ˭ܿ
֮ŵkо仰ˡ
˵겻kϻɢŽԲ飬С֡ԲƮʰڵkǻȦȻһСʮ
ʰɫʱһ䣬׻ΪСί磿
Բʰ񷨶ˣæҽסģ磿
Сʮ£ûʱǱһ˿ʱʶ˵̵أȴ᣺ɣͰҲɡ
ʰӣԥá
kһ֮ǰʱǱʧĵطңңԶ󣬱˽ɫ۽ޣԷɢŽ̫ȥkһͶ飬
֮ۿţȵתߣ˵лл֮󣬲Żɫ
Щ䣺ʱǱģ
»˻Σ
۽ޣȥ䣬̤Ϸɽһʧڼ֮С
տ羲ֹļسӣ˻عŵؿߵսѡͬ£ʤˣ
ҲãȻֽٺңʤˣ
ֱָӹټᶨº͵Ľÿһ˶һսۣȡյʤ
˺֪һ˿Ʈȥ޺ۼ
쳹ء


120 

ɽ
˫Ŀ, ڽľ׳һ֦ѾϣŨӳǵصӰ⡣
ĸбб, ĿɨƱյϿգЦһƳƷˡ
ſĸԣҲ̧ͷ˿ϷĿºͣܿҪˡ
ĸҡҡͷҲû˽֡
ƳĬһ˵Щʲôʱ䶯˶Ϸȥ
ĸҲʱˡ
ɫĻʱǱ, ¡
ʱǱɫ԰, ȴɳڣƵţ, ϯض, ĸ۴Ц⣺պˡ
ĸǣkĿ̲, ۵ȴһƬ䡣
ʱǱָ, ֪һЩ£ûм, תƽһǧﲻ֮, ؾҲҳ׷, ϣĸܡ
ĸΪҪ㱣ܣ
ʱǱԸˮΪꡣ
ĸ˶٣ήĽľվͷ֪뵽ʲô, ̾ЦԤԾǲ׼ƽ⡣
ʱǱЦף
ĸĿŲϣƿټһϵ̾Ϣ˵öԣϣΨ¶ˡ
ƿĸֿʱǱ֮䣬ºɤʣΪˣ
ʱǱ£ʲôΪˣ
̧ۣ峺Ŀ⿴׽ĽҲİ⣺֮ǰ˵ġ
һΣʱǱˣ룬ΪʱǱɡ
ʱȻˣkԶΪ֮½ΪkԱԣƲίۣʱǱȴͬСڻʹԵ̵ְֽĵԵ۵ĶԳӵļԦԳõƽ⣬еĴ·ǱĬӰ֪Ѿ˺ϸĻλ̳ˡ
ֳ˾ʱʱǱӲҪõЩǰʱһ㣬⣬ʲôԱģʱû֮ȴòõЩΨвΪӪһУѩޡ
ңʱȻΪʼһԱkΪֻأ䣬Ȼһ뷨У֮ǰΪ²Щ飬
ʱǱȴͬѣڻ֮ˣΪ֮˻ű²ҪһҪѡѡǰߡ
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ԣָ죬ת֮£ѾƻһС
ڰʱļˮk˼ֻص˵Ϊk˵Ϊ˻ѵk
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ÿһİʱڹؼʱָ̻䣬ΨʱǱûлָټܵ쳣׾ܲµе⡣Ҫܶģġ
ΨһֵҵǣҪıܾˣ֮ϵܣпɲݵĿռ䡣
ǣȻȥ֮ʱǱҪ̷ΪΪɣʼ˱չء
չڼ䣬եȫƳһ߷֮󣬷ߣܽ˺ؾ
ǧȥؾʶδʧصΨʱǱܴﵽ֪ʱǱѺʶʲôʹʶҲǱˮн޲Ǻ޾ظȥˡ
ʶʶҲͬͬԴܵʶɺ֮Ȼ׽ͬʱҲܡ
ʱǱһ㣬סܡ
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֮ȴУʱǱȰ˵ֻɫؾܾɴİ취˳֮ȴֻʣ㵣Ҳزˣһεһ𣿡
Ȼ󣬶أݺݵأؽѹ·
뵽֮鶯ʱƫĴɫı飬ԼƵĶʱǱЩɣЩۣû棬ȻܱŪô˵ģΪˣ䱾
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ĸۺϷʵؿһۣȹһ˿ȣת˲ʹŽʧ˽ľ·
ʱǱûüӦͼһ⼱ٶƿյķЮϼůطҲůһ˫ɫǱˮ
СʱǱѸٵ飬һϷɽס֮üؿû
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ʱǱ˶٣촽ɿվõۺ£һԡ
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ʱǱ죬Ҫͱ⣬ɻߣ־ô˵ƺڸһ°֮ʵֻܵͷԲ𡣡
֮ɤƣʱ֪٣Ҳٵһǧˡ
ʱǱٿ̧ͷҲȡ
֮ǧǰгҪ磣ǧҪȣ縺ΣҶ˵һ䣬˽顣
ʱ֪٣㵽ôģ
ʱǱƿԣҲһƬհףɲ֪ΪΣ֪óĬȥֻ״εĽͣҵʱһǧǰʱûô࣬Ҳ֪ϲңɽʱ֪ԼԱҵʱʵûЩҲǹģʱ̫ˣܳһо͹һˣ޵ʱ뵽̫ˣҾ뵽㣬Ҿ϶ͬ⣬Բʱ˿ҡ
Ű֮ԽԽ˪һʱǱ˵ȥˡ
ֻŵŵԲ𡭡
֮ŭЦ㵱ʱʱӦңʱ֪٣Ϊ밡
ʱǱֹЩ
֮ǣڽʲô
ʱǱ򴽣Ļˣǧʲôأ̧ͷ֮۾ϣ㣬ǧǧꡣ
֮Ȼ
ʱǱ˼ǣֱӽԼ뷨һ˵˳ǧ꣬Ǻòһˣܹ뿪ʲô壿ֳֻһҲ߷ְܹ˵Ҽ縺ش󣬿ʵģʱΪŻһֻأұˮһսΪֻҺҰˣСûôΰҲûûûΣϲ㲻ֻϦҪǳĺĺ
ĺļ֮́ʱǱ򦣬ϲң
ʱǱ۾۵ʢŸɾİ⣬϶ϲ㡣
֮۽һƫͷû´Ρ
ҷģԾûһˡ


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