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1 
ˡ
ڴ̨ңԶƵĽЩʧ
һ꣬ʮͨˡ
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ǰͨСүû빬
ûгΪһ֮֮ϵļ˾
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£ȥ۵ԼʮС꣬Դ˵Żһīɫ
С괩ŴֲѣüĿ㣬һСੲݵ߶š
̴΢䣬һֻ΢̧ḧСա
һ꣬С껹ʱĴϾ࣬ԾʱСĺӻûΪһУѪС
ʱҲһĬԡ
Сǵľٶ𾪣΢һſੲһҹСϣ룬ү˵ˣһ쿪ϺϣԳˡ
үƯӵһ˫ÿ֣
ˣүÿ֣ǲͣã
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һСһţ̵ֲֻֻļȴڳ˳С̬ȣүѣѾ꺢ˣҪʵ


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ۣȻСȴ١
κ˶֪Ϊ򸮲ӵүСڸۡжôѣȻ뿪򸮺ֻڸѡ
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˵սʦָʲ٣ʦȴ١
սʦʵԽǿԽңҪʦΪǸƽ꣬ǳñ侲
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˵Ϊ̻֮ͨӣһӲл빬
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ÿһμ˾񻰡
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ûʲô


2 
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̻ӦּҶ˵С续ҿװĳСԶԶү
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˫ͫҸгһ죬·ɢۺɫСݣɰˡ
ЦϣһӶҪ䡣
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ͦõģϲ˾С㣬˾СʦƯκ˶ҪôʦҲֻᾭΪͨ˽зΧʽֻ²ż汸˲пܳΪ˾
ǣ˾С㣬ҸϲÿʵĳС㡣


һֻűǺ«һֻΪֱչңңлᣬҺѩС㡣£˵һ˾С㣬Ȼܼ¹鹫ӣǾ͸˵ĶǳˣŮ
ڼһλһλ˵İУ˶ҸðŷۺɫСݣԼ˻ơ
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˿ɱȡ
̣ǰϲͺá


˾壬ڣԭ̰صǶϡ
͹һΪһģϣδһʱһЩ˵ͷתصͤڣʯϣָʯϵĹ١
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жΪһһʽҪսʦʦ˴˽Ӵֻ֣κεطĽӴõЧΪͷͷܹЧսʦľ񺣣ͬЧһꡣ
ҪܵĽӴǲǰ¹ϵеʽȻҲЧõһ֡
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ڣһţ
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ѩѩѩںϣΪ£ǿѩ֣˶һƬǵ֮С
ػ⣬ǿɥʧ򱩶չѪ¾
һĨεѩȾѩЩеˣĪľ֡
ŵĲҽ־ľ˷˾ȻֹŮ˫ͫоţˮ˳ջ䡣
־ӣȴ޴ӡ
ѩȻɣ޹ѩ󣬱ѪȾ죬ʢ硣
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ʱΣϼ˾˵Ҫѡһμ˾ʱǶʱ䣬Ҳ˵һڼ䣿
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̸оʲôϣͷ죬ƬƬѩ׹
ףȴƳŨ


3 

׼˾ˣ
Ȳˣ
ҽô
ҽٻ·ϡ


һҹ꣬Ͻչƣ۵ˡ
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ϼ˾룬ºۼĲԾԵڴ£̵Ķͷ̾һ
ѯʣ˾ˣδʲô
ϼ˾ҡͷҿʲôҪҪѡ񡣡
̣ΪҸôѡ񣿡
ЩʱǺڵġ
ڣ
Һڽ

ƫִռǿţջᱻ٣Ȼ

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ÿһɼ˾ֻڴ죬ټʽʽеõϿɺΪ٣ǵֻӡϡ
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ڸ֪£ز׽ۿһУһƬƬƮѩ˾ָкÿһ˾ߵľ

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һ̣Сһ룬ǲһԣǲ֪ǣʵǺСһǵľ֮ǰһ̱ȫˡ
СһЦ磬ʲôʱȥƸ




4 

ϼ˾ͻȻ˫ۡ
ϼ˾Ӵϰ򴰿ڣһѩ
һλŲϼ˾ˣӦöϢ
ϼ˾
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Ϊϼ˾˹ӣһɺϼ˾ܺ
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Ϊʦκ˶ⲻܣҲʵ
֪УжҪЧʽΪͷŶͷͷӽ˴˾ĵط
ȻԲ˵ͷͷĽӴƺܣҲѡǣֻ֣Էķ˿ָ׸ǵȵȵط
ĵطԽ࣬ЧԽá
ǣҥȻʦܹҪ֫ӴΪսʦЧ
췽ҹ̷
ܷ飬ȴȷȷʵʵˣǰȻʱһ֪
˶ΪΪһҫϡ
ԡ
ﲻԡ
˾ϸ룬ܸоʲôҪ顣
˵˼Ȼ֪Ե⡣
һΪһЩ벻ʦͨеķΧʽǳ
Щ˵ҥΪʲôһҪΪͨ˽елôսʦ
кüλսʦ˵ʱǵľҴﵽٽ㡣
ûλʦ֣
롣
˾ҡˣһŮæס磺С㣬Сôˣ
˾ͷðϸ亹ҡҡͷԸȥ£ȻȴܿƵػ֮ǰϸڡ
ŷѩʱ죬һ򱬷ʧȥǵսʦȫ޵ֿͨˡŵļСŭĺСġ˺ƿıȵѪ𽥿ն˫ۡԼʧȥ¶ȵһ߾
ּԺг̹ͣǵĺȫеϢʹࡣ
ûλʦΪһˡ
ΪһѪ¾ס
-
һ⧲
̺ԨͬʱҲ
Ԩռǿƫִ壬Ϊһ˽ġ˵Ƕûġ
ԽԽˣ֦Ҷϱ紵ѩĴϡϣеʹ
һ꣬Ԩʮꡣ
ʱûǰһߴҲǰһѹȸʮ㣬һÿһ̶Ϣ
ҧס촽Щأϴʹ˲ѡ
ûԥϣԨҪ׷ϡ
ڽţĺ٣˫Щ
һȻ𣺡˭
ͫ׼ԨϢ׷
̼еĽŲסԨǰͷ΢˫ͫӡ
ǰԨȣڻûԨ㣬Ȼı飬üȴײк
ǰԨһ𣬵ԨĹȥ֪ȴ١
ڿԨƢһʼͺ⡣
Ԩ˭£ϸ˫ͫ΢УҪظΡ
Ԩ˫̶ͫӣī˫ͫҪ
̣·ˡ
ԨбĿ̹ǡ
üͷ΢壬һ롣
֮һƬĬһɳŷ·Ǳǰ̸е
Ԩһ˵ľߣ
Ԩ߱һͷȴǳǿơ
ԨôΪһ·ˣңԴںδ
ȫ亹乣ǧذתһʱ֮䲻֪Ҫ
Ԩֵֻм˾ٲӵεõģ˵ţס
̴ͷԨסĵطͼѣԨϵأ̸еϴʹ
Ԩܴʹɫ԰ףǰڳΪٺ;ܵرԼ
ͨ˵Ĳʹҽʦ￴ҩúȬ
˾ڻȡʸı䣬ͨҩãֻǿٵֻԼӲ
ڳΪʱԶԶԽϼ˾˲ûΪơ
ٵǿɶֻ֫Ҫһơ
̳ΪٺһˣûΪƣ
ԣСԼˣʱ
ǰͷε飬ʱ١
ʱˣµԨϼ˾Ϊʩչ
ʵʱֱֻ˵Ƥ˶ѣҪõȻϼ˾Ȼܾ
ʱܾ̾ϼ˾ƣûġ
ϼ˾۴ƹţֱֻǺС˿ڣȻһС˿ڣϼ˾ȴΪ
ʱϼ˾ΣҲоΡ
ά˰ξĬϼ˾۵ƹʼ޷뵽˵ֱۡ
̫ˡ
֮ǲԼˣΨԨٴϼ˾Ϊơ
üſҡ
Ԩӱҵ⣿
̣ǣȷſҡ
ԨûзſٴμӴ
̶ͷϵ亹˳յ䣬ϵҪֹϣûסһۣһ̣Ԩ֡
Ƥ𪣬ԵһȦԽԵôĿġ
̺ۣ⡣
ڹȥεĺۣſȻ۶ٴΣȴδſ
һΣֻûסʹһۣȴ֣
̺⣬ⲢҪڲԨκǣ
ҸɷԨҳɣԨסһֻ
̣
Ԩһȥ
̣Ҳȥ
Ԩɲ㡣
̣ġ֪ôԨ
ԨұŪΪʲôӵ
̿ԨһʱԶԡ
ֻм˾ٲӵԨΪӣҪŪԴ޿ɺǡ
ǣ̶Ԩ˽⣬֪ڣⶼǽڡ
ԨĮĮģǰαҲֻΪΪϵĴڣ޷Ԩ
ڶݵĳĬͼһսʦ
Ԩǡ䣬ûЦֻط˳Ц·ڷ̵Ļڡ
̣սʦ
Ԩؿ̣Ӧûˡ
̣սʦܸʽҵ֮еһ֡
ԨӦţ
̣֮⣬бĽͣ
Ԩ΢ͷ˫ͫӣƺֻڿпЩʲô
࣬˵ϣڵԨ̰̫࣬ԨҪͷ̵ܿ˫ͫ
Ԩϲ©ۼΪⲻԡ
ԨΪӦôס꣬ӦҪһͷŶԡ

ԨΪԼĪ뷨еȫȻ֪Ĵ
Ԩ̵ӣɽ¶С
һдͷӣѵûбİ취
ͼıԨ뷨ȴ֪Ӻ֡
ѵһ·Ԩ
֮ȥϼ˾
ţ˾Կ͸һУĳ˵ԣ˵ûдҲдġ
㹻ǿļ˾ȷʵܹǵ˫ܹʱտ͸ǰδǶûܿԡĿǰΪֹûּ˾֡
ǰʮμ˾֮Ϊμ˾ǿ˾Ҳûа취һ
Ϊʮμ˾ϼ˾ǰʮλ˾ڲ֮䣬ܿͨ˹δȴԿ̵δ
ǣһأ
˾ĸӦʾ
һ죬̻ϼ˾ҲȻҪڡ
û뵽û뵽αܿϼ˾ԤԣҪȱԨȥˡ
̱ԨǰУӦʱʣԲȥ𣿡
ʳڣͺˣӦġ
ԨΪӵôܻſ
ȻԨûдĲûκͣ١
ԨΪսʦԶԶǿ̣ɽ·᫣һȣһ£ֱһԼľʯײһĴ̹ǵʹ
ԨŲͣ½Ųޱؿ
ĿУԨ£̶һ£ڱѩϡ
ԨЬӣĿ¶СȴһƬײγɵĺϡ
̿Сϵĺۼ뵽ǰ
ǰԨɱ壬ʱһܳɽ
ʱԨʬҲϽʹ־һƬհףĺۣҲ䡣
֪ǿ⣬ǲ⣬ɽϹ£Ϣ١û˾ȵ
ϼ˾ãû֮ϵԻٶ޸
ٵʺر˵ãֲã޷ҩҲ޷Լƣ޸ȴã˼ٲֵĶ޷⣬ǵ޸ܽˣֱ˿ۼ
ԨɽΪƽء
̵֪ºԨ˵ϲʲôҪٵʲô
֮ɽֱ½ӱϿһ糣ȻɽȴɽˮҲˮ
ѾƻĶ޸ؽ½ģ
ԨСϺϽļ
̵һͷ亹䡣
Ԩֲ£̧Ŀԣ㲻˵𣿡
£ͷ
ԨԴ޷ڼǿԵģ𣿡
̣ܣɣ
ڶݵĳĬ̵ҵҲ޷Լϡ£ֲ䣺ⲻǺսʦܲ޷Լ˺һ
Ԩ
ԨϵϣͺϵһȦһΪۣе۾һʹ
ԨĿŷ£ۼΪԼЬӣ̴ԨùЬӣԼϡ
ȻԨ˾ȴΪʲô
̵ĶһΪһһ޷뿪š٣Ǽ˾뿪
һ൱ûɡ
̣Ҹϲɡ
Ԩ㲻ˣȴ˽⡣˵ǿ϶䡣
̣˵
̴ҴҴЬվ
Ԩұ㡣
̣ãҿԼߡ
Ԩұ㣿
̣ǣҰ
УԨĿںݺһ
Ԩɫס̵ǰУ֮ǰȣٶԷࡣ
ȻԨϤ
סԼӵĿ־壬Լ򶨡
ԨֵҲϤ
̣
Ԩ𣿡


8 
ôһ˲䣬̻ɣԨҲߡ
ܿ죬ʹһ뷨
Ԩ˫Ŵȣﶼȥ
ڵԨɬûδǰԨ
ΪڵԨǰŲܹ࣬ǰꡣ
̰ȴҲ
̵ǵһμ㡣
Ԩ
ǹ˼ϵˣÿһʱԨͣϢһ̵֮ǰС
ɫѰ
Ծɲģߡ
ڵԨʵһ㣬ܳ׾ǰڻʵƽƽСƢ⣬ûκ֮
ΪҪԨǰӣȫܡ
ڣʺܡ
ôأ
̱˫֪ͫ˲䣬ĸ֪˰ɽ
Ȼǰһ෽ȴ֮ǰ࣬ǰĽж̾˲ƣ
ǰܹĽսڵҲ
ǰĸ֪ǿʱܹҲֻܸСɽ
˼Ԩǿ޿ƥУޣʹԨȥ
ԨսʱԳӡ
Ԩǳߣͻߣֻż˳̵ƶ
̵Ŀⰲ£·ͷޣԨɽˡ
˵Ԩǿ󣬲˵⼸ʵ̫˫սûκ
ڣɽ
½½ڳŹرǰسǣЩ˾̲ǡ
̸Ԩߣݣ̲볡
Ǻÿ̤һľͻһ֣ô죿
У
ô죿
ʲô취
ٴͷŸ֪ȻһϤˣһˡ
ͺ֮ǰһظоĿӡ
СȫһյƱıǰ棬ͷ˺磬ϣּӿٶСܣԶľ롣
ٶȲʼձ־ǰС
Сһξͣ½ŲϵĻƵȴӡ
ǸеȤСֱϵĻһףγһߺѩϡ
˲ʵǿ
ͼ˫棬ԨΪȫָ
ɺϵǣԨ֮·һ˵ľԽԽ
С׵ƺСܣһ·ǰУÿ߳һξ룬ĴɨһѰһȤ
ڣ˫档
Сͷ΢һξ̶ӣ˫貵˫ͫ˸ƹâ
С磡磡ҵҵˣ˵ʱĿһ˲˲̡
̣
Ԩ˫ͫ΢УΪģһΣյϢ
Զ´΢䣬¶һĨº͵Цݣôɿߵˣ
һ£ؽĿתƵվһԨϡ
ԨΪģһɻɫɳΧתһ̣ɳȻУҪû
ͬʱһ͸ϽбС
ڣжԨչ¶һĨЦݣҺøѼʱҾΣˡ΢΢ͷĿٴת̣⽫ҵ͹ҵ𣿡
Ԩ
̣
̲ʱ˵룬ǰӽһͷȴҪԨֻֻУ˵ֻ֮ǰҪٳߡ
Ԩɿ̵
һ
δѵСЦԽ棬˵Ļȴ˹ԣһԽ̽㣬˵ĶҪ˫ͫѪ꣺򣬻ÿ졣
ɫɳӿԽԽɳۣŷײ
˲ɵԾܿеĻɫɳ
Ȼȣһ㿴˳Ԩϯ
Ԩ㣬֮ѩ˲ڻһƬˮ
Զĳ½Ųס˫ͫ΢УԨĿ˸ŨŨɱ⡣
̽˵ķӦ۵ס
κ˶˽Ԩ
кǿԨĶ֣±ԨҪ
ֵܼһ𣬴ӮԨѣѵ޷ס
һʺʱ
˼εΧҹɫС
һжϢнС
üͷ΢壬˫ͫĴɨ̵ۣϢʧˡ
Ԩнеڶײ˴ƿһξ룬ͬʱԭվĵطȥ
ʲôûУ
ĿĴѰȴһ
Ԩˮ˫սȭָ״ġ
СЩˣʵ̣Ƿ
ͷ£磬ҵأ
Сʣ磬ôоϢˣ磬㿴𣿡
£֪
Сɻ󣬴ǲ⣺磬Ļƿ𣿡ϲ֣ʲôᣬֻһÿ
Ƥ΢ƣ΢ЦЦȴδ۵ףͨˣ
Сüţҵĸоͨˣ
£ΪܹͨһȺ˵׷£ӵӰ
С꣺
ԨĿؿֵܣؿ
еŭҪٵһУǱص
صޣ
Ϊʲô
Ϊʲôصޣʲô
ʲô
ԣЩҪҪǣȽǸҳ
ȽǸֶ֪ģͨȴӵҳ
ԨתͷҲصȥ


9 
Σյĵطȫĵط
ΪԨлΪӵԶԶģûУ˾ԨսȦԶӰ
ֱ뿪亹乡
ԼֹСʱ̴Ӱ߳˫ͫĹˣһ˼ңŵλ͵ߡ
¶Цݣ˵ԼǴ¶·̲ˣûŵأϣһҹ
λˣ̵ļڴס죬΢Цлֻ˵Ҷţձ뿪
Ϊ̸һͬССãһλԼʮڻƵƻ¶顣
Ŵֲѣüͷ΢үү岻ãҶ˵ҳȥסĿԵ̣ǣ
̶ͷ
ߵͩλСֵܴǣ̲˽һա
ͩ´̣ĬСƬ̺βŶһ
úö飬̽ݣСҹ˵һҪ˯ڴ㹻
΢ЦֻίͩСӡ
̴Ա߰æ˵̿ͬ䣬Ժʲô㣿
ͣ϶Ҫİɣ
۽޵ʹ䵽һЩõ顣
Ϊ򸮵һӣݲĺѧԺͶʱ岻Ϊɣѧ
̲Ųʣ̬һֱ䲻ȣע⣬İˡ
һɺ֮£򸮵ճүżλͬѧ븮ǡǼλͬѧ˵ҪͬѧʣʲôᣬɲʱʮȴֲʶϢ˶С
򸮳ЦΪˣ˱үݺѵ⣬Ҳʼʽѧϰɼˣµڣ򸮾ʱλܳүӡԾǴֲʶä
̴ӻлЦЦӦǣȥİɡ
´̣ǰܳȴԵ÷ǳۣò⺢ӴʱȻࡣ
߲֮ģûټ⣬ġ
ͷѧԺȻǺãΪ߰ѧϲѧԺȴȱȽǣǼҵĺܹϵѧԺ鹦õĳɼ
ʱúܿ졣
̺ñӣһЩ޹ؽҪĻ⣬ҹϴ̱ˡ
̲֪˯£ȻϤϤ˫ۣҹɫ£۵ƿɵԵͩ
̵ۣͩͷǸ𣿡
ҡͷûС
ͩ̾һʱ˯ɡ
Ӧһ˯ˡ
һֱͩԼһ˯Щϰߡ
ƫͷԺƽȣȻٴ˯̡
ջĿ⣬κֳۣ̿һȴҲ޷ջĿ⡣
ǰһ̻ǳˣΪʲôڿȴôÿ
ͩһַֻŵԼĿڣЩܿơ
䲻ôÿˣ£˯ţǰһжǻþ
˱ۣٴγ̿ȥǺܺÿ
Ȼ˺ÿòٴαѯʣǸΪң޷˯𣿡
ͩһ£̷ϣջĿ⣬۵ǣֻ˼һЩ⣬ھ˯
̣š
ͩ
峿ʱŷףͩȴѾϰˡ
Ϊ˼ҵĺӣǵѹ
ϴһ׼緹ԵǲС̲ˡ
ٴα˶ߵĸлͩһͬ뿪żҡ
̳򸮶ȥͩǳѧԺȥ
ͬһ··;ֿ
ͩ˼ֻعͷ߻ԭĲ̵ıӰ
뵽ҹˣÿӰһˡ
ڵ̣ĸоͨϸ룬ָоƺͨ
̵ıӰ˰Σ뿪ʱһѹ͵Ŀ
ͩ˿ȥһλʮŮ
ŮͬеλʮͷŮӣǺŮһ˫ۺףȻãҲ֪ʲô
һλŮӰοŮˣܻѾǲеĴҡ
һλŮӵ֪ǵ˭
Ůҭŵң֪ҿˡ
λŮһ㶣뿴Ů
ŮǣǼǵ𣿾ɽǸ磿
λŮӻ䣬ԺиֳһżǶ̵ӡ󣬵ʱͬ˼ģͬԶӡ̡
ŮҺλݣܺÿԽĽ޵ĺÿ¹鹫ӡ˾СҲ޷ĺÿ
λŮӱ˴˶ӣĵΪ˾ǣŮۣ
޳ªݶ¡
Ůλ磬һμ˾ǡ
Ů϶Ҳֻ
λŮӲŮԡ
ܹʹֻм˾٣ͨԶҲ޷ڡŮԣǸţŮεв˴
ôʱͩȻŮѯʣ˵ǸˣǷƤ𪣬üۡ
ͩҹ㱼꣬ü򵥵ѯŮ
ŮͫȻͷѯʣ㣬֪


̳򸮶ȥ򸮴ǰΧһȦˣΪ׵С
ŻһΧȺ
̣
Ӧ˵Ǻ⡣
ֻҪģҪǲ鵽ݲѣֻǣСбҪô
˫ͫĴɨ˼ֻۣС꣬ĸ粢֪ʲô
ҪôӦԣ
ú̱㷢ûֻۣиۡ
бıɰ򸮴š
һλʹǰţ´УһţʹӲûҵѯʣΪ£
һĨɰЦݣ˵ǸǷλС
Сգգһ˫ۣģȻˣͷ˼һ£˵ǵĴү
ʹһ£ѯʣҪҳү
̣һʳָҡҡǣҪҵһ˼ϵЦԽãǸرƯòƿдֲʶһäС硣
ʹӣ
Χˣ
̣
ʱֻ˵̳Ưʹӿ϶֪Ҫҵ˭áֲʶʱʹ֪Ҫҵ˭ˡ
ʹӻȻ״ԹĿУдֲʶһүҲû˭ˣǡ
̺ÿ
òĻƿĿݴ
ʹĿԣҪү
ģ죬ạֲ̃ˣһ֣ȥ
ʹüͷ΢壬˼ҪӦԡ
򸮣̲ܳ裬ûдڸУʹӲ̵򸮵ʹҲӴ
ʹ¶һĨٵЦݣѯʵү𣿡
˵ʲôλʹֵȥͨһү㣬ڴ˵Ⱥ򡣡ϣ򸮴š
Χ˵ҪͨǷĻֻͨʹ֪ˡ
ԾЦÿɰаλʹӼʱһָֻ֣סʹӵʺ
Χ˻Ȼһַֻ̾һ
סʺʹɫ˲ҰףһҶ
ѯʣոա
ԶһɧֱӸסе
һ£ƫͷȥԶһλͷŻ
ȺУ˵˵´Żӳˡ
˵ˡ
ѯҪҵˣƺ򸮡
ƺ򸮵үΪ̡
֮ǰǸС˵ģòȻֲʶһĻƿˡ
˵ֲʶһģò
Ǽٵġ


ڷҵĽ̸У룬Ӧǡ
ʲôҪ룬һȥֵء
ŶҪصǮ


10 
Ԩһл򸮡
ȺԶΪ·ǵٶȺܿ죬գۣԨΪ׵һ˱򸮡
Ϊóͨ·Χ˽֪Ϊ£
У򸮽̻֮ͨңټǲڵףȴҲòȥ
벻ΪҪ򸮣
˷׷ײ²⡣
˵ʲôر𣬾ΨһǧС㡣
򸮳Сʦ츳츳ѣòǵŮСڡ
Ψһ뵽ɣֻһΪСġ
ԨĿɨһۡ
Ԩ仹СȻǿߵѹȴʮ㣬һεѹ£˽Χı졣
ԭֵĳ˲ľס
ԨĿһתĿԣжסʺʹӣޱѯʣ̣
Ԩ䣬ԭĳһ
ȺеʱʱһЩ˷ʣҵ̣
ҪҵģӦǳ
ʲô´ô
Ǹ꣬òһ䲻֪С˭ЩҲ֪ݲ򵥣ΪʲôҲǸạ̈
ԣ̵׸ʲô鷳
ȺУһСŮһ˫ۣԺеɬͯ£Ǹܿɰƺ׵С磬һүǲΪǶϲүСԼ߰䣬ϲ飬Բһ£óľôһۡ
СȴҲСԭΪ¾Ȼ̡¶ˣСŮаоݵ£ƬٴһƬž
˸о˲հףһ̣ǵ뷨ͬˡ
СŮ뷨ܴ󵨺߼ǲܡ
ͬӵвͬ˼룬Ǵʱ˿̣Ժиֳĵһ뷨ҲΨһ뷨
ܡ
ϲ̣
ôܻϲ̣
ʲôˣ

԰һˣ
֪λǧΪˣһλʦС˰ĽС
үСУֻ֪һλС㡣
ˣǶ֪һЩȴҲ˽⣬ЩүСУ˵̡
ʲôģ
˵λүòªΨŵˣԼҲĿʾˡ
˵λүó󣬻ľԴ۷ӽʲôѧᣬ޷үСһѧá
˵λүΨŵ㲻ܳ裬ȴҲѪ˿ȻԼñ΢ϡ


˵̣ԺĶӡ
̣ôܻϲһ£
˺ǣΪСŮ˵ǲܵģǡ
СŮһ̣ԨͬʱĿתСŮ
׵Ůգգ˫ͫΪСηΪµԨӡ
ԨСŮĿԣһʱƺƺܶݡ
СŮվһһλŮӣСŮС֣ĺʪ԰һŮŵ
һԼ侲¶һĨ־ЦݣŮ£Ԩйݴ񣬲ԴǳϿҵصǸĿһתŮҪ˵
СŮգգۣ˫ͫʪӯڽޣ֪Լ˵ʲô
鱩壬ϲŭ޳в˳ùйŮ̴ӿŮѾ˲õԤС
Χһʶͬ˵±
һ£˽ϵһǵΣ
⡣
ΪȻŭԸ˽Լһλ涼ʮֲ֮˹һ
ΪӦûͽĸŮ
˵ϣԨޱؿ˶һۣĿһת¿סʺʹӡ
𾪣
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˺ȻֻĲ²⡣
ǸСԣİɣ
䣬ʵ
סʺʹȵĿԨڵ״̬޷ش⡣
ԨС
Цһ֮ǰɿ֣壺ԣڿϽС罻ˣ
ʹ˫ͫӣʶĿƿ
ʹǰ߱ԼСʱֻһӼ׵ȫ͸Ǳ
ʹ˫΢΢˵үҹһҹһҹδ顣ش仰ʱڷ
Цݼһֻʹϡ
ʹӾ֣ʶһ£֮һҶؿС
ʹӱļʹޱȣ˿ɣֻҪСһܹļΪȫѡ
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ѯʣʲôʱ
ʹݲ԰ףүүӦá
УӦã
ʹʹһһ߼򣬴Ӽӵʹȫ˲䱻亹͸ιȥңһۣǰСԥزȫ
СֻҪžõ
ֱСĻô
һѯʣʲôʱԽ壬ϵЦһ֮ǰаɾַ˵ĸоԽֲ
ӴʹӣһΧ˿СģҲһξ롣
ʹӵүүǵһΣһûþͻģǵģңһ仰״ζ϶Եû߼
УʵҵԲá
ûʲôһԶ׼ҪӴ˱оһ㣬ֻ˵л֪֮
СеŴСļң𣿡
û˻شС⡣
Уˣǿģ𣿡
ͬû˻شе⣬СҲҪ˵Ļش
еˣҶСȤ˵ţſʹӣӿ򸮴š
м˵ԲãСһ᲻ˣûϵÿһɱһˣСϢ϶԰ɣ˷ܣȻ̣΢һҲûϵЦëȻ
ԶΧ۵뿴ԨϿκ
һʣӲûֹС
ʳ£һλС깫Ȼ˵Ҫ¾һˣΪ²ֹ
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ǸСǸӣֺγǣ
ԨԵ˺ƺƵ򸮺Χһɢֻһˡ
Щɢ˵죬򸮵´ݳȥ
ǸϢӦû
ֻǣǸʲôΪĻˣ


Ⱥ⣬̾һӽ򸮡


11 
̴ӲΪԼ֮ˡ
չÿһμ˾ӵһ֮ģͺ֪ϼ˾һ㣬Ǻˡ
ϼ˾˵ʮμ˾
ϼ˾˵Ψһ
ţ˾ܹǰδ
ֱǰԾûԼֻл
֪ϼ˾ʲô룬ϼ˾Ϊδ
һͨ˶ѡ
ϸ˵߱μ˾ʸ˵˾ʺλá
ûһģ˾С
Ҫμ˾ְλҲĬϹ
򵥵ģòªߣʺϼμ˾ְλϴˡ岻ࡢƷв߱ʸ
һ˵ЩﲻҪ޷Ҳпܱͺǰ˾Ϊѩͤ¼ϵпܳΪ׼˾Ҳǵһгֵˡ
һ¿һָͬıࡣ
һ˾ûʧȥμ˾ʸ
Ԩǰʶ˶˶¡ֵܡ
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Ϊѩͤ飬¡л¡
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ǰһһپ߱μ˾ʸΪӦ
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ڣ˵֣ոһҲ޶ԡ
Ȼһǰᣬǰǣ岻
ټ򸮣ֻˣ壬ĸ飬ԼѪԵϵĸף˶Įʵ
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ʣǺÿģأȴԾ޷ĺò
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Щ̣Ǳÿòһ£̼֮ӿŲȥԵҪҵƺˡ
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·ʹӣÿռޣ޷ˣЩʹֻȴ
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Ϊʲô»СͬУΪ£ѵӦֹı
СΪ·εġ
Ϊʲôү
˵Сүϲ˵ֻҪ˵ү飬øˣˡ˭
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ʵүûʲôطֵñϲЩҪҪǣҪ룬ϸ룬룬̵顣


ʹϸʱǿȥ̡
һ̣˫ͫ󣬿˫Ҳ˵һ֣һ˫˫۾·ճϣôҲŲˡ
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СһֱɳΪļ¡
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в²⣬˭
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СǰŴ߳ԨŸ
Ԩ̣ͬʱ̵ľԽԽҪס̵ʱɫɳۣ֮֮ӿС
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Դȥ۵Ǵʹӷ̵ʮ꣬塣
ӣһ·Сܣ˽̻
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һֻļϣһֻḧͷѯʣʲôᣬټϿĶԵԻС
ԨпĿ·˶ı䵶УʵʻǧΡ
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ڳˣ
壬ڳ˶ʶ
ǣλʲô
үү
ԨԼǴĻһʼ֪ǰ̡
˾ͲһˣǽСԨʱǵһ۱㿴̣ʱǾÿòа²ݣֱ忪֮ǰûκ֪ݡ
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ŮʹӶе⣬ԼͨλүԼΨһһλСϢ󣬶ˡ
ͬһۡǿֻ⣬Ǿ̡
̵̴ӣеүҲֻ̣Ǽе̡
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̣ģ
ֻһƬհףĳģ
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ıοҺܺãû¡
ҭšš˺ü˵үӦңԺ㲻һ˵ܲˡ
ӦԨտС
ˣ̴һѯʣտʼһֱҡ˵ǿ϶䡣
ٴչ¶ɰЦݣͷ̣ѽ·մǵճ壬һ˫ͫƳ壬Ŀʱɭɱ
ɪ£½ͷ̻ɪɪС
ϵЦԽ壬ĿȴԽ䡣
̣Ȼأ
Уţ
̣ҵˣȻأ
ЦݲãȻȻװҵ檡


12 
˿˿ֿ̣˿С
Ϊвϸ룬Ϊʵ
⡣
̺ÿ֮˽֮п̽׷ƺڻ̫СⲢȽԤ
пĵ檣׵ģô룿
̣Ŷ
УŶ˵ҵףΣ
ɨһۣԾɴûعٴοУԣϲʲô
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̣
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еҷŹ㣬´ټ㣬Ǻǡ̴ٵЦ漴˫ͫƳԨ뿪
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
ʵ岢ЩԣҪǸߡ
Ԩ廹׷ϣȴסϣܹͷϣ̿Ըı⽫ߣȻͷβ̶ûлعͷ
ڴ֮ǰһֱΪ׽ˣҲ޿ˡ
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Ҫ̳Ϊİ·ˡ
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лҪ˵
ʾ٣ƪĲŰŰŰ
ʾڣ֪ûдʾ
ʣӵ˶޸̺ۣ޸ٶȻ졣


13 
Ԩץһˡ
ûбܻ̣һ䣬
̿Ԩһִۣ˫ͫǰֵûнӴȴݡ
ǿĹңĴ֮һλӣ˸ǵĴڡ
Ϊأƣ֮˶һ֪
̵ļУңԶǰҲֻ˵伣Ҳû֡
߳򸮴ţԨ̳
תŻʹķǰС
˿ķƿһ೵⡣
ԨߣΪ̴ϵˣЩڣʱûдŮ׾Ůһϸɡ
Ԩе⡣ǿ϶䡣
۽޵ʹ
Ԩҵĵ⣬Ϊʲô
̲
Ԩʣ˵㲻Ӧ֪ε֪ģ˵ţȴ׾Ϊ̴ϵ˿ڡ
ԨоԼ֣Ӽ̵һͱú֣ò
̣ÿһ飬ÿһÿһ仰
Ǵδйĸܣһ֪һһȴǣе
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ȽʹҲҪԶ־롣
Ҫ־룬Ҫȥйϵõ˱־롣
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뵽ȥһУۿʪͷˮƻУԼ
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̣ǰڴ֮ǰǴδΪλе⣿
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ԨǸС̴ӡõǿ϶䡣
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ߡ
-
´뿪򸮺󣬹̵ĴԼٶ
һʼ˶˵²ϲ̣ǵţҳС㲻һòʱˡ
룬紫еĺÿ»ϲƺҲ
ֻǣź̵꼻һ֣ڻû˽ӡֽ֮ϣѱƻˡ
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Сȴ֪ͬУòֻ츳Ⱥеٮٮߣټ֮Ტ۵˲ࡣ
ɾòȴһִ֡Źڿţ޷ܲ⣬ʲôģ֪һ̺ۣԾһ档
ˣꡢŮǶ̵ĺĴﵽ˶㡣
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˵Զɽһʮ˵Ķ¾˶ƬѩС
λٳ֣ʩչӫǵȻдһˡ
Ȼμ˾


14 
ɢٶȿþˡ
Ԩû̴ʹĴѺƺƵǡ
һ·ʻ빬ʱм飬ƿǵĿⲻźۼƳ̡
ˣȴȻÿֻϧ̫ݣ˿ڴͻأƻ塣
ֻû˵İÿɡ
˵ԼŪģµ֡
ԨĿؿ˫ճȭԺ·жڽǵ۾ڳ
̶Ԩ˽⣬ز׽Ԩ˫ͫڲصŭ𣬻ȥԨϲòбķʽйзŭ
ԨϲԼ˿ϲ˴ϲ˹ڣ˺ǶԨڵǵ۾նǵ˫֣˵򵥵һ仰ڵǵͷ
Ů࿴ʱͷǲСµֽŷǱҪǲ˵һ仰
ԨԨĶ
ʱ̵ֻԨһˣҲֻһˣų֮κˡ
ĴˣֻܿԨһˣҲֻԨһ˵
Ǹӡ
̸оԨѵ˱ıԵȥ
̸еۣ룬ȣظǰһС
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ԨһֽۣĿջأĵһ˿̱̿µȻ޴档
Ԩ룬̲˿ǣǲǴš
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û뵽ˡ
žǴţܾţų֮ǰŰģų
˵ϵԲУѳԲе


Ƭ̣вҪ˫ڳϢ˻ʹ
һˡ

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ϼ˾־Ͳȥˡһ£ֱңճߣһˡ
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15 
ϼ˾𣿡
üͷ΢壬֪˾ʱô߳Ϊֱ
̣˾ѡ˻빬Ǽ˾˽߳ع
˾ûκĿģƾֱ£Ϊ˾˵ÿһٶԭġ
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ǣΪʲô
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̽һСүΨһرǱ¿д빬У֮⣬ûκ֮
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ۿŸԽԽѩ澭όǣ룬ڵˣɷûκθı䣬в˳Ὣŭйϣϣƿ䣬ǴĿĵ˺ۡ
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룬̺۲ᵭȥʧ
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̣
лҪ˵
̣Ԩ
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16 
ĸӡ
ǰϼ˾ά̣ϼ˾λռżߵĵλ
ΣһҪϼ˾ǱȻ
Ԩûд빬Ҳһϼ˾
˵Уϼ˾һΪģɢԵеĴΧ
ϼ˾Ƶǰһϼ˾һܱ⣬ϣܹⳡѣ޷⣬Ҳֻܾϼ˾
¼ϼ˾Ψû뵽ǡ
ǻ¼档
ϲˣ𾴵ˣҪöԷԼõһ棬Ȼϼ˾ĵһμ棬ȴαװӵһ档
Ҳͦõġ
ԭ뷨ϼ˾ܾܾϵˡ
ϼ˾˫ͫӣǶݵһɲַ·á
ϼ˾л˾ˣ
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̿Ԩ۽ɨ۹ڵɪɪѩ棬Ьߵϼ˾ǰ
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˵ûпΪģ



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˵Ϊʲô֪ŵ֣




17 
ʼûܻشԨ⡣
ǰ̽Ĺϵá
ϿȻĳһͦ˶ϲˣԽǺÿԽϲ
һżȻ䣬ĶͬΪŵ˵ڶ˾ѡУϲ¹飬Ȼϲ̣Ϊ̱¹ÿ
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ࣺǣ̾Ǻܺÿ
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ʵ
ֱǰΪֹܸоѡ˾۹ûʧ


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18 
һգ̵ƺƵǴ
ʱڵ빫̺棬˵ӲĴ˾Ϊ߳ʱǶ̵ĺĴﵽ˶㡣
λ¹жȤǴ˵뾰عϢϵ飬㳯žعķȥ
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΢΢ͷһаһͻƻĿһУǹҲûʲôġ
С̫¶ɫ˵˵ͺãū澲֪
ζءšڹȥʵܿɴӲЩʲôı䣿
ﻭױ䣬һЦ
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ﻭ˵ţ̺ʱͱ˲һųһĨЦݵҲΪ𣿡β΢΢
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С̫֪ﻭһ˵
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ﻭ𾴵𹬵̫๬ŮҲûУһ׵׵ķӡ
С̫ģٶȥ̣ﻭɵ˺͵㡣
С̫౾ΪҪ̹һβۣĶԨ²ڵ£пܻܼ
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С̫࿴̵ıӰЩã˵̲ദ
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19 
̸ϵʱﻭѾع̫๬Ůһ
ջɫޣϲ˵Ŀ־壬ع̫๬ŮĿ־ɹȡ
̵粢ò࣬ʣʲôֻҪüʱǻһʲô
üͷ΢壬ЩΣȴûֹ
˫ͫˮСվߵߡ
̵̱ĻУ˫ֽס̵½ǡ
ڹУµĳ谮ĸ׵ݸߵͣǻӡŮ
ﻭǱ谮ĺ֮һ򱻹ȳ磬ﻭΪΪҲ˱ᡣ
̫๬ŮʹͷǲҿﻭеĿ־ӡ
ôܲ£
ﻭһֱôãȲ˵ǷԸĿҲҪһʱ䣬εȴʱǶ
ﻭ΢ЦҴʮһҾץ֮еһˣȸͷ˵һˣѡ˭أ
̫๬ŮɪԣҪ󣬿ڣȴҶ
ﻭƯ˫ͫĴɨһָۣһλò毺õСŮ
һ̫๬Ů̸λڿλõСŮóһ·ָСŮһؿﻭﺦ£ȴò߹ȥ
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һ˱ɺˣûбȺܻһʱԭҶ˺øС
ﻭãѡˡ
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ɿԸıȶʵ
ǰﻭԨϡ
һﻭᾭһѣпһС
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Ϊһڣ̸֪֪һ޳ȷʱ䡣
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Ȼһǰᣬǰ򲻻Ϊ
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ﻭɿס°͵֣תֳ̱ɴڵպݺ˦£ڼ֮ʱһסﻭ
ﻭŭסʱŭ˲ƽϢ죬СŮеĽ֣Һ
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ﻭƳԾɹڵϵ̣ôĵӣȸҶӣ
̣
ڳˣ
̻ӣѵΪס°
Ǽ˾⿴֮ˣԭһοɺãţ
ﻭͷ˫ͫӣǣΪ˾˶⣬ҲŸ֪˵ţ̣⣺رһһ˺Ƿ񼣳֣
һƬž
ﻭ˳䣬磬ҴӦ㣬ֻһЩòã
ϵЦɣڵϵֻ̣ˣȻûκر֮ûиоκ
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лҪ˵
̣Ȱ


20 
һƬž
ﻭϲʹԽǿ־Խ˷ܡ
ﻭ˫ͫϣΪῴ̿־塢ʹı飬ĥ˵ķḻУ֪һЩ˻ڿ־಻顣
磬ʧ
ﻭ룬ǰ꣬ϲˡ
һ㣬볹׻ٵ̣Ԩϲһ档
ﻭȥһѵ
Ůǡ
š
-
һˡ
Ԩ
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ӡӵгȨޣȴҲǳȨޣҪ˾ֻ٣Ҫͨ
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Լ뷨ǲǲ£ҲǲԸϢֻٶһѡ
ʱ仺ţԨʼƽһơ
Ԩ˫ͫӣ԰꣬Ѿȥ˾ˣ֪˾˺æʱʱ䡣
Ԩ˫ͫӣȥİ·ˣ˶У֪ųжأšĲӡ
ĶУΪĵΪ
Ϊʲô̻֪֣
ʲô
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ȻһλŽãԨһ񣬵£ع̫˵
Ԩš
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ԨͫȻһ̱ʧ
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һݸ࣬Ȼȥ˾عǸ̴Ųᰲá
ӹյǳǳһڣͲ֪»ô
֪˶ŶΨԨᣬ͵¶ˮݡ


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Ԩޱؿ𣬲ɫɳγɺʵǽڣ赲зС
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21 
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۽޵ʹ⣬ֲǺ⡣
ڳΪ˾֮ǰɻΪʲôݳªˡ˵˲ܳΪμ˾ѡˣ
ⲻϳ³ɹΪߣЩҲпܻ֮ˣµ顣
̺֪òˣⶼӲԹֻΪ˾Ԥеμ˾ʱ״̬ãΪѡ̫࣬˲еֹ
񣬹ıˣֻǼ˾Ԥеʲô
ϼ˾һλǿļ˾ܹޣֻܹоһЩ仯ȴҲ޷ǧǧ׼ȷҳһμ˾
ЩĹŮ˵Ϊϼ˾¹̫ͻȻһƬҡ
ЩˢȥļڹŶӵȺһ빬У֮һֲʧֱܺͳȥ
侮Ȼ˶ȴҲԵûҡ
˵ȥΧۣȴһλƽðλƽ±ٲΣȴԡ
һ˱ߣи˱ͽ
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ЩΪ˾ЩȴԴ˱֮Ψֲ
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˾̾Լ˾ܹ͸ȥδġ
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һЩ˵û뵽̾Ҳٴλȡ˼ʸ
˵ܸо̹Ӿμ˾

˾ʮû߳ȴΪ̹߳
ң̹ӻݺ󣬼˾ָ˺ѡ˹򡣡
һпͷ·ڸǣ̾һμ˾
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˵ѹ˾䣬˵̼Ϊʦأ
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˭˲ϣԼսʦֻʦ˵ͨ
ΣҾ̻һμ˾Ǵֲʶһ
趨ҲͦȤһλСò츳ӡггһΪһ֮֮ޱȵļ˾
ºãȥǿϣδǸʲ𣡡
ԣΪڽ𣿡


ÿһԵŮǰƬֵġ
̱Ӿعʱͬĸĵܵܡã⣬һƬŶӵŮЩ죬ȥй֮Ե
̱һڻӵϴž»ߣŹ˲˵Ŀ⡣
һЩ˽ۣ˭
ҲЩ˵ӰЩ죬ǡ
һλ̵̹ӣſģھԺǻصعбΪһμ˾
̵ͷ
˿һĻȷ̵ݣĵ̱ԨϲҲᱻϿɡ
Ҳǣ´̶ôƯһֲʶܳΪһμ˾
Ⱥеһ̵һϯ£٣ݰףò崿ߵǰ̸硣
̶ͷ
ͬĸã̶ĸ⡣
ΪΪһμ˾ֶΣʼֻ͸ˣһж¹顢ˡ
ûкֱ̣˾׼˾ʱ񲣬ʱΪ˾֪ѡ
˵Ϊ˾ΪĴڣԶӡʷӡΪֻҪЩӽȫʧôܳΪμ˾Ȼû뵽ǣһμ˾̡
˵֪ˣʱӦ뷽跨̵
̿ǰЦȻŮ󣬿㴿ŮΪ˳Ϊ˾ֶΡ
һ硱
ڹȥΪ¶֮ǰ̲кøУ㵽ĸԾɺܸӡ
УûлӦ
ֻһ̸硱̲أֵԴ㱻빬һֱѯʹϢȴ޹ռ̸磬ʵ̫ˡ
ԾûлӦ
˼״׷׵ûòɰŮػеܳˣӦ
õļλŮǰסҪ̣һλŮǱϲھϲԼˣ
̻عʱоŮĵ⡣
̲ǵ뷨Ҫ͸δȴһƬڣʲô
˾ܿ͸˵δǸѪԵϵԿ͸
һۣ㽫Ŀ˻ûٿ
һŮĮ̬ȣеΪĿˡ
ָĿ⿴̣һЩϵõС׷ĹΣڹȥ򸮱䣬ΨУһƣ
̫ˡ
Щ˵ĵ⣬޶ԡ
ǰ̲ȻһȴԸиĽӴ
һλĽί˵̣ðɣ
̻ؿꡣ
㣬ȴ㡭
˵̷꣬ʣ𣿡
꣺㣡
ڳˣ
ڳ˽
ɫ԰ףֿ
̿ΪҲ㡣
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̵Ҳϲ㣬Ϊβ㣿һ£ĿһתˣֵҲϲǣϣǲҪ˵򡭡

ڳˣ
ŭʲô
̣˵ºϲҡ

ڳˣ


22 
Էǳ򵥡
Χʮ߾룬һվ㣬ǰһͨء
ǰٲͨԣ˲֪βԹٵҲû˵
ȴԵ࣬ÿһΪһ飬һŶӵȴвԡ
һ鿿ҪȴòܽвԣΪĵһ˱Ӵߣŵ˱Ķǰ档׳Ʋӡ
һЩЩãȻһ֪µķԸ
µС̫ϸΨֶһ˲ӣ˵жԣֱһһӡ
һ˴ӶŵǰʱĿ⿴ǡ
ͬһ鸴ӣһ̣һȴӵõ˺ôҲһЩԴ˲мһ˵ˣǣСֱ̫˽Ⱥ͵󣬰ٶȣ֪Ҫȴòֵǡ
²ϲ̣˻Ƿǳʶʱġ
̵˹ȥʱɣǰһոտʼвԣ˶һλ£ͦΣעӡ
λ¹ӱ¹鹫ӡ
ź¹鹫ӵա
ͷԶĸʽ
Ǽ˾١ŻȡԴȪ
˻ȴܹظоһƬγųԽǿųԽء
һɴų£Щ˴粽УЩ˲ܴųܹɽ
Ŀһת¹ˡ
ʱǶųĽ⣬̬ɣΪһжѣȻ̤ڣ˲䣬ǸоһǿĴųǶͷðϸϸܵ亹
ųǡ
ǿųΪ˳Ϊѡ˼ѵسǰƶⲢס
̼ǵãǰڽһʱȫûиоų˲ԡ¹˵ʱͬһ˽вʱЩֻ޷ǰһ
¹˵ڵʮʱ͸е˾޴ÿһƶΪѣҲ߳ʮΪ޷֪ܹǰʮͨһԡ
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ʮΪֽ㣬ʱߵʮŲͣ²Ļ
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ʶԨ岻Ҳ
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ʱƣڰӺ󣬲ֹһλŮǰ뿪
Ҳɺϣ¹ǡɻͷȪ͸˫̶ͫϣ̵ͷĿջأ뿪
¹뿪һȺ˽ۣ¹ʵ̫ˣ·Ⱦ˳
˵ڻǵָվ˽⣬Ҳɺϣվλ¹վλøպص˵ɺϣ˵пǿⰲŵĽ
ΪԳ֮Ϊ̲¹һнһЩ˻ȡºøеľ֮Ͷѡ
̵վһλŵȼ㣬˵һ
ǰ̲֪Ĳ߶ԣÿһѣһ߳ȥΨһһλֱӽĲߡ
ǵʱϼ˾סˡ
˼һεĲҪ߼
˼һ£̾ӹֵ͡
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׸оΧһߵų״̬Щ˴粽УЩܹ΢ǰΧųҪ϶ǰС
΢ʪܹӦõһƬųΪԹٵܸͬӦõһƬųв߲úýвԣΪԹٵŻڵһʱ
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ǿṆ̀¿ر㲻һ·Լμ˾ĿˣһԾԭα¶ˡ
ǰСѾʮȴֻ䲻ģ


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ӦǾ仰ԽǲԸԽ޷ѡ
ΪѾʧȥ˼ʸ̶֪࣬Ҳ̫๬ŮĽ˵һЩ顣
һʮλѡˣжʮλʦλսʦһλͨˡ
ʮУλսʦһλͨ˾ͺࡣ
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һ˾һʼʧȥʸһΪûѩͤ磬¹ΪпܳΪһμ˾ĺѡˡ
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Ԩڶνϼ˾Ϊϵʱ˽δ겻Ԩٴ̤
Ԩ֪ǣµʱ䣬һž£ϵ˺Ȭ
Ԩϲһ𣬳ǲѣճߡ
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ԨԸеõǣ紫̴ֲʶһλ뾰عԶԶľ̶ʶ֡
ǵģԶԶأλ̶̵ľʮΧ⡣
ʱ䣬ع̡
ÿŮµϢʱõĻظԶֻһ

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ԽԽӿǣвֻˣĻ빫ԼĽˣЩձΪʵǿսʦ
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˲²⣬λѩͤһֵˣýӦѩһѩѩͤ¼ʱһѩƶλصʦǲΪΪûʺϵý顣
˶ͬ˵ȻѹѩôλʦܹһͬȥѩĹȡ
ѹЩѣʦֵʶƺС
֮£ڷһǧ˰ٵķʽ
Щ˲²⣬λʦѾĵ뿪ǡ
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սʦӵеʽЩ˵ܷǳأǵûɱȴ⡣
ݡ
ݣĻصȥǽȥͶӰķʽ֡
亱ȴҲ١
ΪѰӵлܵսʦûãӵܵսʦǷ׷׾ۼǡ
ͬʱһϢҲٻش˾عС
һϢʱѾۼʮλӵлܵսʦ˵Щ߽ڽͬʱѩͤǰһĻ
һֲУӰΡ


23 
Ԩճ
ӹĵԨæڵԴϢ
Ԩǰ뿪ع߳䣬ѩڲ࣬һȺ̫๬Ů档
̳žعߣһλ̫ס̣¶ɫǲ뿪ع
ھعżߵȨȴҲûɵˡ
С̫սսϵ£̵ȴƬ̡
С̫ͷ亹乣ʱһֱӣ˵ʱദ̴ûж̫๬ŮŭԾɸе־塣
С̫ȥٻء
һͷعæ
һʱ󣬾عڵõµĻظ
̿߳عҪԶﻭĹԼﻭȥĵطͬʱְһȺ˸ࡣ
ԭ̫๬Ůܶ࣬߳عʱƺƵе׳ۡ
Ŀ⵭ĮػͷƳ۳Ķ飬ټĹ͢С
ǰҲϤĳϤ䷽ϰߡ
̵ĶҡԶԶأһЩ߹·̫๬Ů״ᳯ̵ķ򿴹𾪣ֽ֮Ŀջȥ
ϸ꣬봺ĵһ꣬ȴᡣ
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ڲ˳ļ˾Ծӵڼ˾Ĳѩ꣬Ȼظоһеı仯
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ڹȥδֹ飬Ҳδ˵֪ܹͨ
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ѾԤ뵽ֻҪͷŸ֪пٴϼ˾ĸ֪ͬǶˣܹͨ˴˵ĸ֪ԷŶԷš
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죬ˮĴϣۣȻȴԽԽҡ
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̸֪һϼ˾֪ǣ£֪һС
ʵҲͦõġ
ֻһͨˣޣϼ˾ޱȣ±̫ࡣ


24 
ೡһĻĻϼ˾Ժг͡
׳ɽӣɽޡ
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ټĻʹط֪޷ӵģһֵطз磬һԭΪԽǿˣЧ
ڹȥϼ˾ĸ֪סʱ޷࣬𡢶ᰡԨ
żֻܹ֪ԨȴԿᰡ
ǹϵ츳ǿսʦ
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ǸоʲôѪ˫̧ͫ𣬶ͷ̫Ѩͻͻ˭
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С磬ڿأ˵˭ѽǰɣ


漸תգλջظ֪˾֪Χ˲ڴȻ׺£ĸַ֪ΧΪΪĵİǡ
Щǰһ̻ܹĻ棬Ҳ̼ģ
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ϼ˾ָ£һɹ࣬˾¹顭
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ϼ˾뿪һʱ˻صϢ֪̲ĵ
أͷŸ֪߽߱ǽǵģֻ߶һȫ˼ŮҲ½½뿪ΨֵףֱҲȥ
-
»ص˾ع
ľع̫๬Ůһֻ̻ԽԽȾϷ纮
صعѩҪԡ£һܾ̾ѩȺ
ժߣϵѾȬˣѩ˿˺ĺۼ
ԡͰī˫ͫϣīڳˮƯڵÿһ涼羰Ľ
أ𶯣˫ͫӵĹȥƬ̺ջĿ⡣
һ½Լ˵ңסԼ
һڣ̻ͨˡ
ᰣ֪࣬ԨͬͬĸֳС츳ڣ˿ɼ
ǣء
ţȫ֮ҲûΪѰϵʦ
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ҲᰵʦΪ᰻ᶯҡĵλ˲ûоΪ֮Ѱϵʦͺ˵ˡ
ǰʱᰵľѵ˼ޣϼ˾Ҳ޷
Ǹʱ̻ûõϿɣȻ޷ʹ
һżȻԨһʱ֪İ·ֵܣǵĸʵܺá
ڵϣԨȣḧĳԺҪúչĸ󡣡
Ԩ˵һֻסһָֻ֣ܴ׷ס
ᰵΣֻϣܺúõġ
Ԩ۽޵ʹʼûлӦᰵĻ
ʱڹս
ᰳսһ֮ʮˣһսҲһսС
˵һսᰱƷ
ǺǿȻ̫⣬ֹڴһĬĬֻΪЩʲôѡ˺ߡ
Ҳ˵ᰲʵԻ꣬ʮҲǲܡ
ˡ
ʺ󲡵ûᰶȥ
ĳϣʱʼԨֻʣԼһˡ
ʱԨһȥһС֣һ˿죬˼˭ƺֻҸط͸
ȥԨžǿܡ
ǰ˾˵谮ĴڣҲӽĴڣ̿ĳ˵ܵԨΪ
УԨ󲻾úȻǿģЩ˵Ǽ̳УԨ̳ᰵʵ˶Ͽ˵
ʵ޻̸֮޷תƣҲֻɢ
̴ӹĻлعʱ룬ԡͰеˮת
ˮվߣһϯ߳䣬ѩǰΪ̲ó
ѩ룬̵Ĳÿ
룬һ᰻úõģ黹ûгչ
һֱúõģԨǰǰŤ


25 
ҹĵƻϨ
̴Ӵߵڴ򿪴ӣ֪ܿϢǴʹ
طһڣطڵչԺС
ժߣĽһλС̫ķ䷭һ̫ϣҹɫУ·ҹɫΪһ塣
ӣᰵĹȥ
·ϣһҹѲ߻ϣʱѾˡ
˫¶һĨЦݣѲ߶ӳҪ£̷ǳóƣ˵Լݺ㱻ˡ
뿪λѲ߻ǸڴҹҪӲǲС̫ࡣ
֮кȻ˵ղС̫࣬Ҳ֪ĸźģüñһģҲ
Ѳ߶һ£һ˵ĵǼ
һļž֮С
һ̣мλֱ𷢳ͬ˵ʶﲻԡ
һ˲䣬ʹϣԽԽĻһƬѲߡ
̻ͷһۣӿ첽ڵķȥ
뾰عͬ᰾סĹȴΪ侲ź̫๬Ůλ
˵ȥź̫๬Ů٣ԿԽԽΪķΧڵȫҲǹѡ²Ըᰵԭ
ݱ΢̫๬ŮûѡȨС
ᰵҪ£̵̫๬ŮֻλλʺǿаŸġ
˵ᰵ¿ƱʵƣΪӵ£ź˲ô٣Ҳ̵ģ䲻ǳԱ⣬Сɱ֮࣬ʵ
Щʱ޷Ƶǿʵһԭ
᰻žһΪ˭Ҳ֪ںʱεأ˺˭ֻ˺ˡ
տյѲߵĻѲʱᾡܵرܿ˭Ҳ֪᰻ʱ
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ռһ¥Ϊǰľ𵴣ζ飬һƬҡ
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һ˵㹻ǿʱԴƳɵҲᱻƣȻһ˵ĿǰΪֹܹʵһ˵Ҳֻһˡ
δԨ
ǰͷ£Ķͷᰵһ
̵ǿܹǳʽսʦľ򣬲вᰡ
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뵽ǰĻʺ뵽ǰԨ
룬ÿռ尾ľ򣬻ᰲǲ
ˣĸô죿
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ģԶ˵͸
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ƬУһλŻòŮӽᰱᰵĸİı
ᰴ𣬻һĨõЦݣǣᰶ˺
ŮӵĸıԣʲôĸԺԭ㡣
ᰵԽԽǿŬؿԼȴԾɻ⡣
Ůʱᱻ˺ʱ᰻СŮҲЩԱԾɱ׵˵ñˡ
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׵ǺԼģԼһͨˡ
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ᰲ˺ŮӣԻСԶ룬ٿҲǿԼԶŮӡ
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ǰһǿ츳⣬սʦľ򶼿ǳķʽ
ǰʵǿԨǳķʽҲԡԨرģȶҪʦȻܱûкá
Ψᰣľ״⡣
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µļУԳڰ׷УֶһˣԨ
΢䣬ѾòЦĴЦݺǿɰֻԨ̵꣬ʵ֪䱾Ӧ֪Ķ
ԨԨĸڴ³ģҺÿģ㣬Ҫ磬ĸߡ
ճԨᰵĻ
̸оЩΡ
ԲСľͻ᲻ԨļƬá
Сûᰵκμ䡣
Լһʱľ򱻽޸һʱĳɹ
̴ᰵľ˳Ķͷðϸܵĺ飬¶ƣ롣
룬ٸƵٱԵսʦҲûһᰵѶȸߡ
ܳãͺһڷ紵ܻ̮ڽ޸ˣʱţ޽õĹǻΪʽԭٴ̮
ֻϣεᰵľܼ־һЩ
˳ᰵľ񺣺˫ַŵؿڣʹ
һɫâԼٶۣ˳̵ᰵУ޸ԨƵ
ĸ޷ơ
Ϊ˺ʱһɫת塣
̵ɫҰףͷð飬תƵʹеͷΣÿһƤⶼڽʹࡣ
ܵʹʮ֮һʹࡣ
޷֧ŵڵġ
ֻϣٵ޸ܹȫʹ
ˮ˳̵ջ䣬ϣȻ̸оﲻԡ
̸оͷƤ˽Ŀһתһֻǽڷָץסһͷѹָоﲻԡ
̣
תͷᰵ˫۰뿪Ŀԡ
̣
ᰣ
̣
˵սʦһξ󣬻


26 
һ谵Ĺ£᰿һλüĿ续ˡ
һУһξ
ʵϣҲֻһξ
м˯ʱľֻʱ޿̶ʹΧеĸ֪ʹʹ
ǿҵʹ֪ʲôζҲ֪ʲôʡ
ᰵУûСʡʣֻʹһָоҲֻһָо
ǣʱ˿̣ȴԸоʣǰδйɡ
ֻһΰɡ
Ϊӣ˵ڹȴҲˣĸֻߺǧλãһˡ
¶ĸص˾Ҳϣǰ֮ġ
û֮һ
һֻ̧˻ع
֡
˳Ŀ⿴ȥŷһֻ־סһƳ
֡
ֵɲǣѸˣת뿪ˡ
վʶҪ׷Ȼס޷׷ȥ
üͷ΢壬ǸΡ
ʵȴᰣǰһкʵƶʱ죬ڰӰӣѪĿһжԵ÷ǳʵ
Կ׿߳ʱ۵ǽá
߳ãĿԶȴѿӰҲо˵Ϣ
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ϵˣϼ˾ҲƵˣҲȬˡ
ǵģϼ˾Ҳˣ޷ǲܣ˻ϼ˾̫ĸˣˡ
ôܡ
ϣһжǲܷģǣһȷȷʵʵϡ
һμλ˵ꡣ
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ǼӭǰݽӲʺãҴߡ
Ѳ߶Щȣ᰼߳޹һҹʱһɢһͷ
ϸ˵ź²ۣܴϸڿȾѪѪۣ״̬á
û²⣬᰾򲻾ǰӦñԡ
Ѳ߶ˣ֪ǲǴϸ̬ʱģƺǡã
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ڵᰵ״̬žֻðݰɡ
ڹȥ᰸ǵĸоͺǱĽУܼѪȴһۼϵĴоȻʱ˿̵ᰣͬɢǿ˿ֲϢȴֶ֣˼º͡
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ѯʣмһλꣿ
Ҫλ䣬Ѳ߶һλ˵꣬ǼһλֵС̫࣬ʮߵģ
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۾ÿԺ֮⣬С
һɲǰԡģֻм²ŵĵ㡣
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ΪȻֵС̫࣬ʹС
عȼеƻδʱع硣
̻صعʱع滹ңһ̫ࡢŮĴѰ̣һ죬ʱķ졣
һλŮ˵λ̿ҹϮʹϢ̻ˡ
Ҳ֪̹ҹȥĴѰ
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˶Ϊд̿ҹϮʹ˵ĿҲ̡
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ʱ߳عΪԨڣû뵽ǣԨ
ˡ
ڲҹɫУѵرܿع̫ࡢŮص˷䡣
һǣﲢûˣǶȥѰˡ
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ĶᣬȴʱⷿڶĹŮ׽һŮ뷿ڣ˭̹𣿡
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̣
ƻ͸ֽڣĿһɨǰϵϣӦҡ
һ⣬СŮ̹ӣġŻɡ
ţԽԽĽŲСŮĴ£̫๬Ůˡ
ֻ̫ѨͻͻоڼĴӦǽ߳ع
Ҳǡ
ǰᰣ뵽᰼ƬеĹһΣǻѡȥ
ᰵ״̬ʵ̫ˡ
̾һκ˽
һ⣬СŮӦһǣĽȴҲӡ
һڣڵϵ̫˼Ҫ
ﶼãֻҪܴʧͿԡⲢѡ
Ȼŷһ죬ƿҵš
üʱٽϵ̫ڴ˵ſڵķ۵һԨ
Ԩͷɢң˫ͫ죬ݲ԰ף̺úõվǰһ
ûκ֪ʹд̿͵ϢʱжôĵģҲ⣬˵̲ھعʱеѪҺһ˲ں˲һоʧȥС
ʧ
ֻ뵽һܣ͸еѣԼһƻ޼ɵҪһС
ᷢ
޿޿ǧǧΪ֮ᡣ
Ԩ˫ͫӣоΧԨıϢͷ
ԨĿһת˱ϵ̫
ѸٵؽŹϣлῴϵ̫
֮һƬĳĬ
˶ӣСƬ̺һѪԾûԨȥ
ջĿ⣬ϵ̫ãϡ
Ԩ˵Ǹ̫࣬㡣˵ǿ϶䡣
̲ش
Ԩʣȥ
ԨʣΪʲôҹȥȥ˭
Ԩһʣ˲
˼λشԨʱԨߵǰһֻס̵ļһֻס̵ǿԼ
Ԩٴѯʣȥ


27 
֪شʲôԨ֪˵ǻԣֻʲô
̳Ĭһ£ȥߡ
Ԩɿ̵һֻ㣬ںõ̫ɫɳûлɫɳʧһѻҳ棬ƣ̫
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Ԩ̵ľ뱾ͽֳһֻҪٿһ㣬˵һһ̣ܹظо˴˺Ϣ
һͼ˼ľ룬ĺˣԨٴοʱ˵һ
Ԩ̵ǽϣ֪𣿡
˵֪ԨǰһĻϤǰͬǣڵԨ
Ԩ뽫
˫ͫǶԨų⡣
Ԩḧ̴ߵգ뽫
̣
Ԩ˵뽫뽫κ˼ΪֻĴڡ
̵ֻһˡ
ʱ̽ߣȥ̱Ҫȥ
Ԩ̵ľռ
һ̣еظоۿԼٶۣΧԨתѪҺڣǿܣҪѣߣͼѡ
ǿ󵽣Ҳ޷ǿʵ
Ԩߵֻ£̵ʺҲѹԣҪ˺飬ţ
̣
ԨߣĶҪȥ
Ǹ߸ߣҪӦһáԨڵȻȴʲô˵
Ԩȴ̵ĻشСƬ̣ҲûȵӦ˫ͫУѪ̵ֽ֮ȥ
Ԩֽ§̣ƿԨȴѲƣر۾
һҹΪľʹƣʹҪϢ
ԼԼУԨعеȤ𣿡
ԨȻ㣬Ӳ֪ͦϲձ㡣
ԭĴѣ˫ͫͫһŵؿԨ
ԨСߣţ
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ⲻȻ
ܶȣ㲻ͬĸҲã̹Ϊͨˣ̱곤¡
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СģԹ۵Ķ˴еϧ
̽ӹ͹Ĳյǳǳ
״һ
һڲ裬뽫յ£˫籦ʯ˫ͫ˳յķƶ̶һ£ֻΡ
СһԼ̶ʱʱ䣬Ѿʮˮˡ
ĺȲˡ
̧֣ٴǳǳյв衣
ڴĿ£ȲҲҪȣ̸ееۡ
ЦݼԽ鶯ɰ
̶֣ɵߡ
̵ʵܣϲ̹ӡ
ͷǸоķʽ֣أչֻСֱ۲ߣ纣
̿һۣЩζһ⣺ǣϲʽ㣬Ǹϲ̹ӣ
̣
̺Ϊԥػشϲ̣ģҲӦġ
˫ͫ˿ֿ̣˿̡
գգۣûش⣬ȻգܻһЩΡ
һ£ôȻ˵Σ
ЩΣ֮ǰʼġĿֱֱؿ̣˫ͫ˸ʢǶŨŨǴӼ̸󣬿ʼΡ
̣


28 
˳߿̣бһ˿棺Σ
˫ͫˮֻԼ
˵һֱ̻ʽ㣬ȴôҲҲҺþǸʱ̸Ȼˡ
̸ܺÿоȲּκ˶ÿ¹鹫ӡС˶Ҫÿ
Ц¹鹫ӺͳС㣿
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˫ͫʽõĽ㣬̸õĸ硣
ͷֻһΣûн֮ŵϡ
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ûһжᷢú̻׼Ψһܱ뿪Ĺ͢Ҳû˻Ụ׵ĺӣĥֱ빬Ϊֹ
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ͷ̣ʽ㣬Ҫ뿪ҡ
ЦЦģʽ㲻뿪ġ
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˫ͫ˲ʪͷۿеˮƻȥܿߣȻڴĿȥ
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ΪǱ޳󱧱ΪˣһҪ˵Աʱ̶չ˫ۣ˵ð
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29 
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30 
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31 
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32 
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ڴĿ£˾ȺнѩͤʯϣüĿʹʯϵ١
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ʼĻϵĻ滹Щģ֮ԽԽ
ʵѩͤڵ˾ĻϷŴ˾Ϊܹؿ˾Ư١
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Ӧǰɣ
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33 
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˾۾ؿĻеÿһĻѰǷ˿Ϊ⣬ҪҵĿ
ԨƳһۣס̵վԼһࡣ
˳еĿ⿴ȥ˹Ļͷɴӣ塣
ȫԨΪŲٴߵԣ˵̸㻹ǵǵһμʱʹŶɴ
еĻԨ¡˲ɳŹĻͷҵӿȥ
ǡɣһƬľŴоһۣңʱҾ̸ý
Ԩһ˶ȥԶ¡еˡ
˲ֻĻϵС˫ϺϣȻȺе̻عͷ֮ת˻ȥ
΢Ц⻭棬С˵ʲô̹ӻͷСһ۰ɣ
ֻ˵˵ֻ̾һͨˣĻϵľ䲻ԶȴҲӦò˵ʲô
Ҳڳ˵뷨
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͸˼˲ͬһλʣейӵʱ˵ʲô
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ƳһۣηСĻὫʱ˵Ļ˵
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е˵˾СƣҿһŲȾɫĽֽţҶְֺޣϲڸɾֽºۼǺ໥ɫ
ѪȾĺ죬޾ĺڡ
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һӣʵķӣԲЦû˵ӵĻ
еʱ밡ΪĹϵѩͤһЩսʦľ򱬷ѪɫֽŻһȾŨصĺɫɣȻȾѪĺ죬ҲͲԶˣǹԡ
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34 
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ֱĻеת뿪ĻûӰ˲ŷ׷׻ع񣬶ʱ˷Ǿ޵ˡ
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35 
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38 
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˵ټһ˵һʱλˣһ˻Ϊμ˾˽˾벽䲻Ǽ˾ȴҲǱѡеˣټʽкܸߵļʱѡΪ١
ְһ֣ʮ֮˾ŻᱻȥΪׯ
˵⼸ְߴ߳СׯǱȽϽǰǰλ˾ߡλţǵڰλְߣҲǵڰλΪСׯְߡ
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˵أ֪ǼٵţԻҪɣ
ȫӰǣϵ
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֪˶һ޴ڵѹ˳̵˲ɢ֮ǡ
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ǣԨʹڳ˶Ϊǿ϶ǼˣһǼٵš仰Ƕ߻ص
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ߵһдͣһ·󣬴˷ܵؽ
֮ǰʱֻһ˲䣬ѹ˴ůеĻ˲ţ֮κʱڶ񼣡


-
ͬʱ
ϼ˾أʱо˥ˣڱָ
ֲõԤУԤ֪ȴһ
ٳδ˾еǣһε޷Ԥ֪ǵ䣬ֻ֪һ㣬ǻš
δ֪δƣϼ˾ۼ˾ţ̵ͷŸ֪
Ȼϼ˾ͫ׾첽һɼ˾ǽϼ˾
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ͬ˹ۿͬͨʲô١š˾ܹģ٣ʷ㹻ǿļ˾ܹؿ١
Ҳһ޴ʯʯϻĵͼ
ϼ˾Ƕ˰ݣ֮ߵǰפ㣬ְ߽
޴ʯЩطɢ貵ĹâЩطâ΢һЩطһƬҰ
һȥʯâĵط޼طûκιâ
һ˷ϼ˾ĿƵؿϵ
ϵĵͼɢĹâϵڶĵط
ǵģǵڶġ
ڹȥʯǣһССĵͼɢĹâȴԶԶԽǡ
һֱгɳ֪壬Ĳţǿ˿ϼ˾ֿ˿񱮣ۼһĻǾ޷Լʲô
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ϼ˾ϵص˶ϣػ
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Һ֮ǰǰŵġ
һõػ˾ڵصԸмʵõػ
ǣ˾˲û뿪
ȻʺСССԺԲƣԸҲпܵõĻӦġ
ԣ˭Сׯ




39 
̵뿪Сׯ
ǿ̣ѯʣ̹ӣģ
˷׷׿̣ͬ˺档
ȵʵߣֱղҵһθоĴڵġ
ǿȣ΢Цѯʣɼ˾𣿡
ҡͷ˾˵ǿĿãһ£ֵǰһֱΪ˾˵Ԥ֪һܣһֿתƵܡ
Ц޷תƵġ
̣̹ӣģ֪㲢ְߡ
̲ش׼һеĮ˸ĵĽڣɺϡ
ɺϣ
룬̵ֻش𻹲粻ش
ͼѯҲʲʲôԿ϶̱еĻҪء
һСׯǵһĴׯ߳ׯһɽݵͼҪ߳ɽҪʱ䡣
ڽɽ֮ǰסԨĶ˵˼仰Ԩȫޱ飬ǵ޷Ԩıп
Ԩλ½һ½Ԩ֣ҲεĻ
ڽɽǰԨ½֮½뿪ǵĶ顣
һ˽ɽ
һŷΪעĿɽһЩ̵Ų³ŵݣǳ
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΢Ц֮ǰλ᲻Ǽٵţ
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ҲͰ쿪αװţҲţ˼ðˡ
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ǰͷҵţ̫ɽǵڶְУǸǼΪ̵һλְߡ
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Ҳֻ֮ܽ俪һСЦ
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ȻӦ֪ȥҲã޷Ϊԭɽ
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Ѿ׼ԭɽֵİסͬʱԨ̱뻳С
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ֱԭɽ˵ڣǲŵ֪ԭɽǵĹ֮
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̹ӣΪʲô
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ǣ
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̵԰ΪҸô
ǳĬȿ˿ǣֿ˿̣֪Ҫ˵ʲô
̵ȱ˰λ˿ѣԾӦһе𣿰


40 
һڳ
̺Ԩһ䷿ԨϣĿһֱ׷̡
Ԩͻ࣬Դ뿪ǺԽĬ
ܸоõԨãǿڻѣǿʱ޿̶е尾ʹʴǡ
ǰԨ˲ѵģǼ飬֪ΪһܾǰԱǰԨʱֻʹһΣȴһߣһľٶȷŻȫݣȻܾѵĻʱ̶еʹֱ࣬׾ܡ
ԽǿΪʧأԨͲʮȶˡ
Ĺ۲ԨӦûܰˣߵԨԣһֻסԨ
Ԩ£ĿãȻؿ̡
һɫӫڰգ˳̵ָԨС
һ˲Ԩоʹ࣬ƺʱ޿̷ڵѪҺҲƽϢˡ
Ԩࣺ̣Ҷ٣
̵Ҫ𣿡
ԨҪΪܸо޷ȫ˽⣬޷ӵ
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̵֪еġ
Ԩ
Ԩûʣ̼ɫӫ⣬ûԨ̵˫ۣʱĵһŰߡ
̶ѵؽԨϴ԰׵ɫ鸴ӡ
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ǺȻ뵽ǰʱǴ÷зҥ
ţһԶӽɽһλòÿʹöа˵Դڶεѩͤ¼ҥ˵ɽǵ˾ǹĻе̹ӡ
ֻСΧĴţʱ˵ϢʱֻһЩŮϲСӣϲ룬ϣϲӵȫõֻм˾ٲӵе
ԣǵЩҥ
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̳Ĭ£һһԸԭɽܷ׻аá䣬εų˲סС


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Ԩ˯Ƕ˵Ե̸һ̸𣿡
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42 
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λΪԨܹһӣһӺǡ
ǲˮĻһսֻܳӣܸˣǷˮĻҲһӵ顭
ȻӿʼҲֻ˼ʱ䡣
˻лããȻȻΪٵİôأ
׵ˣ
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ڹȥ˵Ŀǲؿỵ̂ǵĿʶԨȥ
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ȣһ𣿡
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ǣԨ»Ψһ׷ᰵµˣңԨűᰵ¸Ϊȶľ򡣡
֮һĳĬ
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ׯСȴҲỵ̂ΪСׯ
̵ѯʣǷְߴһЩҩׯ
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ȥ·ϣ԰˵ܾȽϺðɣ
ǿȡ
ȵϾ̹ǼٵţԸû𣿡
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ȾһСժһɫС̾úÿɫյǰһ
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˫ͫ˿ϴ峤ֿ˿ɽҰŵػ
ϴ峤һһмǴδػŹһֱΪҥû뵽֮꾹Ȼܹš
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еĳŵ⣬Ļ
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Ǵ֮أ޳


ŵĴԽԽ࣬ȻһҲ
УһЩžۼһ
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43 
ͬʱڣͬʱĬ
ڶݵĳĬŮӵž֪ǵĵ³ǡ
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ŮЦ³ƽʱţֻ޳ʱŻͨ˿š
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ƽȵ˵ѣҺеһλͬʱʱΪԼ֣߳ӦûԼԭ֡
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˵˵һɴ˿˾˴Ӳƫκˣ˵ǸӦҡ
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ӿ̣ôϳ˴˵ÿһ仰ơ
̵ллĺˡ
ӵÿ
ӺѯʣΪʲôߣ
̶£ܹˣ̺Щأŵˡ
Ŀ⿴̣Сʵó󡣡
̣
½һˡ
лҪ˵̣=-=Щĳ˵
̣Ƣã̰ɣţ̰ɣ
̣=-=ʵ


44 
Ϊ䡣
Сǣʮܣೡս
ѵǴǿߣԲСôĶ֪˵ñĿ⿴̣ѵ߶΢ײһ£оͻỵˡ룬ֵҲԣҪ֪ߵغ㲻Զ֪жôĹ󡣡
룬һɵС
һʱ˫ͫӣ˲䣬̿ĹȥԼ
úδ
ԣһλʵ㲻ǿߡ
븸ײೡ޳սǻСͬ䶷սһܹ䶷սõõΣܹ׬Ǯ
һûӢΣ
еģ
ĸϽ䶷սֻҪͻᱩһ٣²˴
ˣѧˡ
Ȼʮһεĺûᡣ
һ峿ĸ뼸λһͬ뿪ǣ˵ǹһʱٻʱĸԲҪȥ䶷
ϹӦǣͳţת
ͳ䶷ȥˡ
ʱ·䶷ָƵģʵϣҲֻһսδлʵս
̿Ĺȥδ
ԶһЩĻûпһЩġ
ʵЩҡ
䶷ĵһ֣һλСк䳰Ск̫Сëûг룬Ȼ󣬲Ұܡ
ҲǺСкûɱ䡣
䶷ĵڶ֣һλòƯŮӣ乢ֱд壬ŮڱǳŮ˾ӦùԹڼӣͶȡòջսȡʤԲġ
Ұܡ
ҲŮãûɱ䡣
䱻ñףڷŭ֮࣬䶷˵սȻսԵˣ̡
Ŀ⿴һۣ̾
ȫ֪˼룬̵䶷СһЩ˵Ļʵ㲻䶷һ˾ǡ
̵ͷʾ⡣
ԥһ£һ㲻ˣһ£κ˶ɿ壬ǺӣֻǡŮˡӦټһ䣬Լƫݵӣģ뻹ˡ
һ䶷ǵطСŮȥʲôԼţ䶷ֻ˲ſȥŮ˺ӣóںĿ⿴̵Լķ紵ܵˣ䶷սϯͿˡ
̣һʱ֮侹Զԡ
ǣ½һĻͬС
ֱ½һͬҺ뷨ͬŮСȥ䶷һѡսѪһЩԱߺ׾ͻӰ˵Ѱͬ⣬˵𣿡
ͷһ̾Ϣ˵öԣĳУǵ䶷ΪѪȣߵһ׾һ겻񡣡
½һ̣ѭѭȰգӣǻǻȥɣ
򴽲𣬽Ųȴʼղͣ
½һε̾һ
á⡱Ŀ½һû£ȥ䶷Ҳ֪µСӾ֪ߵغˡ
̣
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أ½һͣ½Ų̵ӣȵȡ
ͣ½ŲòĿ⿴½һ
俴½һֿ̣ѯʵôˣ
½һüͷ΢壬ϸһĨأӣ˸٣Ǳȥ
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ʵһʼ֪ˣǴӿջһ̿ʼһֱڰи٣ûϵǸپͺˡ
½һֻ޷ȫ
һԾĲǺǿ˵Ĵɣ룬˵λ½һһҲ˵ֵҲ̫ģ˸٣ڱСӵİȫ
½һ
̣
ҲˣǿڱտڶҪᵽС
䶷ջ̫Զһյʱ䶷
䶷ĵطҲÿΪܼĵط
䶷Ĵű˽
Ĵ£˽䶷һ¥
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ۿĵһսͿҵսɡÿ϶˵
̣ҲǿԵġ˵ʱܱ󣬲ͦ뿴ڵһսģġ
ң̵ԤУǰսʱ̣ʲôʱ䡣
룬̿ĵһս϶ǳ׾ٱһλ׷ˡ
Ȼ䶷һ¥Ļ
ȥ۵ıһλϰָֻһѸͷƤθ׳ӡ
䶷˿ӣӵ֣ȻӼΪĽ
䶷һ俴λͬһУ쾩ӳ쾩ӳ쾩ӳս޲ʤ
̸̫оԼĶЩۣһסĳ嶯
첱Ӵ˻ߺ۽⿴Ե޲ģ̲ƽˣ̵ô
̣ʲôʲô
λ쾩ӳ
̣šãȻ
䶷ǰʮǿߣ׷
֪ǵ³ǻһµ䶷̻ΪλΪ쾩㲻ҲˡȻ룬ȴĺ
Ǿ͸һ𺰰ֻ̧𣬳쾩ӳķӶһ𺰡
룬Ҹɺֿˣڲôҿĵһսˡ
ѾԤеۿһսʱҪΪҡź͡
̣뷨Щħԣо˶Щˡ
һǣ쾩߳䶷̴ӷС״̬תƽʱվڸߴȺ۵ģ
侪̾쾩ӳ·˲˳ȥٶһ쾩ӳ֣˵쾩ӳ࿴һء
̣ж·ٶ㹻졣
ûϵֻҪסУлġ
𡣡¶һĨӲЦݣһԵ½һԶԡ
Ĵ£ȥһ¥䶷ص㱨
һ˴˻дԼݱ񣬱дɺԱһ¡
·ɫɫɫɫͬɫŲͬȼʵ
ɫΪɫΪмɫΪ䶷ǿһսʦ
˷һڹԱָдͬʱҪǩдЭ顣
ۣ䶷սʧһСı᳤ڴˡ䶷һЩϲɱ¾Щ˻䶷սĿıɱˡ
жἫսʦ֮ս֮ǲ㡣
˵ÿһλսʦǴʬɽѪģǲηֻսͻԼøǿ
ĳһ˵䶷ʵǻεġ
ڹԱָ˱õһöųɫ¡
俴̣һ䶷һλɫ½ɫµǿߣ
룬ܷǳѶȡ
߰ɣȥȺȴһսͳˡ
̵ȥ
һΪʲôûüʳڣ̿Աеĺ˵Ҳ뱨ս
䣺
½һ
һ̣˸оǺֻˡ
˲佩ӲԼֻ˲ͬԱȻɫɫˣó񣬾֮ǰ̵һ㣬̵д
дһʱԥˡ
ȻãԼֺȻҲáÿһλǵ˶м¼ﱨݺͱǼ¼˵ݡ
̽ԥƬ̣һд֡
Ԩ
ԨʹõļҲԨʱд֡
ĬĬһĻе½һ
½һˡ
߽䶷ᰴյʱǩдּȶԣּϽ޷䶷õӦơ
дáԨ֣дһޡ
ò˵̹Ϊ䶷սҲɷѿˡ
½һͷǳ΢


45 
Ա΢ЦЭݡ
Эʵ൱䶷սеõκ⳥ȵȡ
ӦһãЭǩˡԨ֡
½һʹţоԼ˶ˡ
½һлããȻȻЩ
½һʱѾãЭǩдϣͬõһöɫ¡
½һǣҪԱڰʱΪŵһս
Ա΢ЦѯʣΪʲôѡʱս
̿һۣ˵ȿ˵ս
Աصͷȥ䶷ȺȴɣʱйԱʾ
½һһľؿ̣˵ӣ˵ֻ㶫𣿡
̽ɫպã˵뿪ʱ򼴿ɡ
½һǣ䶷սܴط߳ȥ
½һͬ뷨ڽ˶Ѫһ͸һܹ׽顣
һˣβ䶷ս
½һһѾĿ⿴̣һ֪Ĳ֪ԼмＸذ
ǩʱʹµļܹһǿġ
̹ӣѡ
̳˲Ρ
½һӣ˵ֻǿս𣿡
̵ͷָָ䣺Ҫġ
½һǣĲܲս
̵ûϵ
½һûϵǲûϵģͷðϸϸܵĺ飬֪ôˡԣһ̣ǿнؿջ
½һȫΪʲôս
Ϊ
ˣпΪ档
½һڽʹ֮ǰһֱƽ޲䶷׷ǿߣ쿪Ҳһָоɣ
½һΪ̽սҲԶˡ
һ޿½һļ˵СĲ֪ߵغ񡣡
½һ룬ֻ˿˵ȴֻͬ
俴̣СֵܣܲսʲôĴ̨֧Ų
գգۣ˵
һ̾ˣ˵ٶҲûãҪ˸ͷ֪Լ֪˵仰ʱȫ׹ȥǧ䶷ġ
һ㿴ҵսʣҵĹ£̨ܷ˵ţ½һ񴫴ϢİɣСӿҵսͻ֪Ѷ˵ġ
½һԶ˼øмĿ⿴䣬սײһЩС֪Ѷˡ
䣺İɣ
½һж
ֱʱ½һΡ
һȥ˵Ⱥȴս
ȺһλòŮ̵սʮ߳սսΪսλսʦֱΪ
ŮֺйԱджλսʦֵľҵȺǽϣ޴ֻҪ벻ǹԶܿ
̶˽ͣһսʼǽϵľ᳷£ȻµĶսᰴ˳
˵һһ˹ǽϵľϵ֣̺ʶʱûм֡
ܽʶЩûʲô϶һȺһһǿҿ˵ģսʦġһ£̵Ҳǿȫûκֻܲͨ˰ɣͻǳİɡ
̣
½һϣٺһЩ̡
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Ҳɺϣڼ˵ȴʱмλԶԶк
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Ǽλ䣬һ˵٩Ȼˣ
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ͷʾ֪˵ſ̣֪˰ɣ
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ܵСֵܽԨ紵͵ģʵǿߵҴ䶷档
̾һλӵͷǴкˡ
λӶ̲ûʲôȤǷܵض˵˼䡰ҲҪ㡱ֲĵļۺߵλã׷˵Ҫۿĵһս
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û˵
ӦǸ˰ɣ
ģ϶Ǹ˵ֿһۣȡҲǲԵģͺСֵԨԨžͷ·ԨǿߣʵϡСֵ㶮Ŀںֱ̣ʲôͯᰡ̰ʲôʵǺ̫ˡСӡ
̰ʲôĺ̫ˡ


ˡ
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ͯսΪսء
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̣¶һĨεЦݣۼһѾע㣬ԥǷҪһ¡
ˣС顣
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սʦ˲ɸԼע䶷Ĺء
ļλºע俴̴ߴٵ°ɡ
û£Ե½һǳ˶ӡ
£ĿãȻؿ½һ
½һѹ̵ʵ£ֻҪ̫϶Ӯ
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˵ע£̽ڳ̫æǴӣ䡰ûˡע£ǿбǮˡ
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̳˲ע⣬½һʵӦͯʤ
½һһ£ѯʣӣͯ
ҡͷ
½һʱ䷢ϵ񼣣̾Բ޵ķʸôֻ˵һ£ʵ㲻㹻ù
½һһӣ㡣
½һ˵ţ˵ȵȣ˵Ҫһȥע˵һȥ½һؾܾˡ
½һ룬ҪעĶֵģ俴ˡ
ǣ½һóһӣעͯʤ
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һ˽սʱϯֻ޼Ĺڣս̨Ѿˡ
˶ȥ۵һֻؿڵС
Сͷͺͺһϯ£Ƥ𪣬۾ϸལޱ飬ȴԵÿɰ
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˱˴˶һۣ䶷սɫɫ䲻żȷҲСӣʵĴԽСĺԽ
һλѵĺá
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̣
Ųɵ½һ
̵һҰõĵط¡
½һ˿䣬ֿ˿ս̨ϵĺ¹ͷСкüͷ΢壬ԣ䶷սʦձ鲻򵥡
ս̨һķȥ
´СӴʲôС
¹ͷСкһ˫ڰ׷Ĵۣ˫ͫӣޱϲκε
ͯ
ͯǡ
䣺ôС֪𣿡˵⻰ʱȫû˲
ͯˣ۽޵ʹڲס׼ҵ
ʱͯһսĲУһλʮҵӻսƽ̨
¶ְҵЦݣϯ˵䶷ٳ׵սʦѵóһλ׵СӣҲĵһսĶͬҲ䶷ˣϣܹһ޵ı
пͯѯʵλСӣսʼ֮ǰʲôҪ˵𣿡
ͯҡҡͷ
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˼һ£ҡҡͷжϱʾûҪͯС˵ģȴ̫ˣǸ첲ȣĺӦûؼҺ̡
У
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пͯѯʣСӣҪʲô𣿡
ͯҡҡͷǿߴҪ˵ϻ
еҿʼʱҵʱһսʼʮšˡߡ
俴ͯѯʣë𣿡


46 
Ļеʱסˡ
ϯ˲࣬һȺĻ׷״ЦЦ˲ɢء
Ск̧ͷƯ۾΢У
ϯϣͲ
Ե½һ룬䳹ŭ˺Скͦõġ
ڼСк֮ǰ½һܹչֳһսײηǺСкܹչֳһսײη
˭ԣֻҪ̸е¼ɡ
пս̨ϵһۣһ
л䣬սںСкĺɫɴ᣷ɣһ£ĶѸˣȻһ˲䣬ɫɴ᣽ƣһƬȫǣ޿ˡ
Ƿߣһѹۣ㽫кɫɴȫɴȻСԺɫɴᣵƿغǿɫɴ׶ܿÿһй
Щսپһжʤ
۳ǧңȻЩɫɴ᣶ٶȿ죬ôͬʱЩɫɴȫ顣
һһַͳźɫɴ᣹ȥһǳСкȥǸСкɣôСʹһ£ʹúɫɴ籣Ϊǹ𣿡
Ϊǹ
ӻһ˲䣬СкСͣ٣ս̨кɫɴ᣷·ֹһͣڰգԹķв㲻ܣҪӭַ·ս
ЩķУСкɫɴջأҲ޴Զ㣬Ȼջغɫɴᣵ˲䣬Щɴͬᱻй
ֻ˵СС츳ٺãԵо̫٣ǱȻġ롣
Ȼ󣬵ɫɴײһ̣кɫɴɲǼתΪȵĻ档
䣺
ڳˣ
ս̨Ϊģ֮е¶ȶȻһЩȵ˶ͷð˺顣
ս̨ϣȻֱӽзȼա
䣺
侪ˡ
䷴Ӧʱת˺ɫɴᣣһȦȦĺɫɴ⧲²סһԼٶȳźСȥСһֻСսȭӭۿһȭһֻ۾ʱϡ
СССӯëᵯ˰УԷ׼ͷһȭֶ֮׼ݺݴ˼ȭ
˲ǺСкרŶ׼ݾ
Ŵ߰ȭСһûޱض׼ĸݺݴһȭֱӽսƽ̨ɼҲǷǳǿġ
У
ڳˣ
˾ˣĿ𾪵ؿ̨ϵĹͷСк
СƫͷУӮˡ
С۵˵ĶУǷع
˵һսͯСʤ
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ʶͯıӰֱС߳˵Ұϯ˵ǸС˭
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û뵽˵սôʣСʵ̫ˡ
ǴֵûϵʵֻйͷСкɣ
˵ûпСս̫ˣ


ѵشӵе⣬оͷۣ۾ۣۣۣۣıˡ
ĿĴɨ˼̵ۣ̿ˣǰԼļλֵܣͺˡ
һս֮ǰжǿھжΡ
ܡ
伸λѷֱļ磬һ˵ȻѺ˲ӣҲǲңˣƽϡ
һλ˵ģʵƺףֻ̫ˣСʵ̫ǿˡ
Ҳ㣬䶷ÿ춼ˣôɫȴԤ̫ˡ


˷׷װο䡣
һɽһɽߣе֪ߵغˣԺֻؿڵСһЩ
ļλѰοһ˵ǸС
˵С˺мɣͷϱһ֧һȦףǱЩ˽ֻƤ˶ѡ
ܽᣬСͦģҲͦãڿսǰԺС˵ĶǺûһ·ˡ
룬رе
Ŀһת̣֮ǰһս㿴˰ɣ
̵ͷ
̾ãͻǸСħ֡һ£㿴ףĲ
̵ͷ
㿴ҵĺѶ˵ҵʵǽƼģʵĺǿ
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̣
ΪٿڶǾ͸ˣϲЦˣԥһ£ҡͷܾ顣
ۼܾ̾Ϊ̽ΪУһҪ
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ɴ۾ǿң
̣ǡ
ԼţҲܣҵڶһҪսһҪ֪ĺǿ
½һĿ⿴ģ䣬̵ıԤеĵڶսܲôá
̾һǿҵı£ǵͷ
伸λѷǳӣҪ˵ʲô˵Ҫȥĵڶһӡ
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һλѰο֮ǰսʱûţڽʲô֮ǰһ˵սֻһѡ
룬˵رеԼţǷģڶսһúôģ˵ţ̣ڴһսܹҵǿˣ
̣õİΡ
ûãսˡ
ĵڶսΪ粣ͬǽ䶷ˣĵһս
粣Ů˰ɣ
˻Ӧ϶ǸŮˡһŮڼֵͺˣʲô䶷
̣
½һ
룬ܺúûʵףĸ׵ˡ
ۼ仹Ҫ˵Щʲôһλѵߺսǿȥɡ
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½һˣ˲ע⣬óһӣѹʤ
½һ룬̹ӳã׬Ǯʵ̫ˡ


47 
һ˽ߺս
ǰһտսϯͬһսĹϯΪϯ
ˣΪʲô֮ǰǳսûڣһսȴôࣿѵΪλ粵սʦʲôر֮
俴ϯôˣԽš
һλļ򣬰οҲ̫ţһսôΪսλ
һλѵ˵ˣûʲôǱжŮ٣ôս˻ǻкܶġ
֮ǰһսеңպһսô˹սÿϴˢ֮ǰĳ衣


ںѷ׷׸
սƽ̨ǰ̣ûʲôҪ˵ģʵӶ˵Щġ
ѣҪİϵĿޡ
գգۣǧذת˼һ£㡭СһЩԥһ£ҲûʲôϾϾڱѾĿȫǣһսˣҲ֣֪ԭòġ
˺ˣսˡ
룬Ļһսοʱ˵Ƚʺϡ
üҾԲġ
һһսƽ̨
̵ĴѰҿΪս̫࣬һֻܷɢ
úս̨ڵȴֻʣһˣһսһλսʦ粡
Ŀע١
һ֣˷̾䶷ʱʱŮӳ֣ƯĻǷǳټġ
ϯ׷˵ʵΣֻҪ䶷սǾͻۿÿһս
粿ʮңòЦһ£е÷һŵĻ
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48 
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49 
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50 
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˵Ԩһܹһɳ죬Ϊˢ䶷¼ˣٶȴսʦΪսʦ
˸ͣǿ̡
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ٻɫҡҷĵƻ£¹׼˾Σϣ룬Ӧǵ³ǣյĵ³ǡ
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һ
¹鲢ûлӦĻӦҲҪ
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һ˲ȫе


51 
ڶսսʦȺ
˲䣬䶷λǿ˵Ϣ䶷Ϊ˹ۿλ˵սԭտĵȺѾɽ˺
˶ҡ
˵һս粹һλаǵ֮ս
ǸҲˣ˵粹ｫһִͷֱӾû
˰⣬гĳλҲδսܡ
˵һճ˺öˡ
˵ˣ֮Ĳǳ
ԨСкֻһţֿǿ߾˵زϳˡŶҪһ˾ϣܱŶϲ䡣


˽̸䣬ʶŰǿһֽۣĿ˻
ȻҲ˶õۣ˵Щһֱע粵ĹжôڴĵڶսôǾͶһսвսܵսжôĲ
˵ֻ֪ͷڹꣿһҪһѵ
ǸоͦίΪ̣Ҳ᲻սܡ
ƽһα㳰ָоͦεġ
ûȶã̵ڶսսˡ
̵ڶսĶ䶷һλͨսʦʵƫսʦһʮսܹƾӮΣʵ˴εսʦ
˲ʶ˽ܹλսʦ˸еǳʧ
뿴ǿ֮սǲ̵ܿȷʵҲż
Ͼ䶷սѭ̵һսܵˣ̺ǿ䶷ļ¼УҲֻǴӮһʵǳ˶ѡ
ûϵٵȵȣսʵԽԽǿġ
ڶսս̨ǵڰ˺ս̨
߽˺ս̨ʱһսսѾվս̨ϡ
һĲһλӣսʱĲУʵģ䶷м࣬ÿһսɳһλУܹͬһλУҲֻ˵ǲ֮Եˡ
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˵ԭʱһ˲䣬һƬܵļž
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-
Ԩٶ䶷
룬Ȼ˵λУõıԨӡ
Ԩ
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52 
Ԩ֣䲻ټȴҲ
ڽ֮ǰԨûͬ֡
˵оЩ֣ԨҲû⣬ֻ˵ǽԨܺ⣬Ҫô죿
½½˵ǸԨǿҲȲ¡
½ͷ
½ֵֻϧ²ֵطսҲ޴ӵ֪µǿ󡣡
½ͬ
½Ϊ츳ǿᰵ£֮ǵ£ǵ³ɳԻڶǿߡ
½ͬС
½½ѹúܵͣԨû˵ĶԻ
䶷ɽ˺Ҫҳһ˲ס
½סһλ·ˣѯʵʣмһ£𣬴ߵ𣿡
½ѾҪѯ˵׼
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Ԩ
½½
˵ĳĬУ·˵ĵսʼˣڵ䶷̨УǶȤĻڹȥõĻӦûпλܹȥϣҴ뿪
˵ԨǺǱȽϲ粣粵ÿһսһܡ
½Ԩ˵̹뿪ʱñǰ£ߣһ
½Ƕ˵λԨӺӦòǵ̹ӡ
Ԩ˼
½˫ͫĴɨһȦȻߵȴûС
½ɰλԨӣ˵컹ǵһ䶷ء


ֻһغϵĵطǿ˵ɺϣôغϵߴطأ
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Ʋ⣬ӦʹԨݡ
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½һһѾһ£̹ӵܺ⡣
½½ԭͶǰսʣ½һɫиˡ
뿴


53 
һڣԨӣûȿڡ
һĬԨһȥ
̵֮ǰѾӮս
ԨΣ
̣Ա㲻Ҫ
˵꣬ԨΪӮң
̣ܡ
ԨӮңҾģΣ
üоȥС
ԨԸ϶˾˵˵ʾ˾˵Ԩϣ
ĳֽǶ˵ԨƫִԸʵܺöһжһȥ˼Ͳдˡ
Ҫô죿
̴ǧذתһֻסԨһֻӡ
Ԩ
Ԩ۽޵ʹסԼ֣ǽڷɫ𪣬ܴƺһܽһӡ
̵ӦѾµˡ
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һֻֽϵժ£Ԩӣٵ˫ܹͫǡ
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ϲˣȥ徭һض˵ү˶ϲӣΪǲ֪úÿǿӣ϶Ὣӷŵļ۳衣
һżȻ䣬̻һλСѾִ
СѾ˵Сÿ
ʾ˵үÿˡ
СѾ˵ǰʮˡ
˵үܹƾˡ
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ԨһѾĿ⿴ָ֮ǰĮ鲻̡
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ԭٿһСкսģȻˣӦҲҪսİɣһս̫ϧˣûϵĳսɱֱˡ
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˳̵Ŀ⿴ȥ˵ԨѾˣȻԾδѣһǰСꡣ
üðɣʵ̫Сˡ
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½һ״ŰǵĿȻͬ顣
ǣ
ȿǣһҪúñ֣
΢Ц֪


54 
Ԩˣֻһսܼ¼ˡ
˵˵սʲôڣȻʱ䶷ڶ˵Ľ㡣
ۼ̳ŵ䶷ȥжһ˿档
ǿ߶ҪսλΪ½һսʦʵӦò˵ǽյλˡ
Ǿͺһ㣬ԭĴȥһСкսȻټսϴˢܵıҼ¼̵Ϊ̸ı⡣
ȥۿԨǵս
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˵һġս̨һԾս̨
սϯ˼һĻ׷׶԰ָָ㡣
˵Ǹ˾ǰǰ
ԭΪֲսܵӦû뵽û
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ǶԨӵΣ֪λ½һսʦʵΣŲ˷ʱ䣡
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俴̣˵ԭǰǰ
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̴΢䣬ԾЦЦǣͲˡ
䶷Чһܿ졣
վܿˣԨ
Ԩεս䶷һλӵжսȻʵһսʦ
䡭
һֱԸˣ䶷ԱͬʱͰǶ˵֡
εվǰǣֻ䣬˶൱⡣
Ϊһսڱصá
伸λѷ׷׹ϲ䣬ǰλֶǿλǿսûеث֣ˣΪ䡣
ЦЦĿ⿴СƬ̣ӳսȥ
̵Ȼرϣҵս֪ҺͰ֮ǰսûʲôɿԣֻҪȭͷžͻȨˡ
һأԨûסһۣĵһμ
˫΢΢ڿǷҪ˵Щʲô˼һ£ˣзִ磬չ鲻Σա
̺Ԩս
ڰ󣬽ڰս
ļλԭۿԨսģǸоʵ̫ˣһ£ȥۿս
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һսλսʦһλܵսʦһλȨεսʦ
˲Ϊ˵սйۿļֵ
ʵһսĹڲ˵ѣһЩĹڡ
һս̨
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Ƥӳ鶯һ£ܸооЩ˻ʱʱ̿ǰսĲҰܡ
뵽ǰսʧܣȻֲõԤУ룬εսǰǡ
ˡ
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еһսλսʦʵӦƾУһλܵˣһλȨսˣϣλսʦһսͻԼһ˾޵ս
ƵƵܡ֣ŭĿɲУһսһҪ˶Ŀ࿴ȻиǰᣬǰǰǲֱȨ
þĿ⿴ǡ
Ϊ߲ͬӢʼձº͵Цݣһ޺湫Ӹģ
룬ܺãʵϴ֮ǰǻͻ㶵ıбԸоóеɵ
еλսʦս׼ҽʱһսʼ
Уʮšˡһ
ڲкһ԰Ϊģһǿߵѹ˲ȫһѹ£Ϊ䶷һʵеҲһ˲䶯á
һټսһƬţ
ͫȻĿ¶ɵؿŰǡ
Ӱɢѹжϣ˵䶷ں䶷ʵҲһ
ˣΪʲôȨΣ
˵õİǱȻ䶷սʦ֮һأ
룬֮ǰ䶷սʦ֮һڲúȻΪ䶷ܻӭսʦ
ǵѹͷŵģǲûбԵĲжѹ¶ã˵԰ѹ䡣
ֱӹ˵ϡ
վȻµѹ£˵վڲ̧ͷ
˽ŲЬײս̨ʱ
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ȺѹӬ΢ϸСѯʣ˭
ͬϸСأǰǰ
ǰǰԣЩŶǼٵ𣿡




55 
ǺЦ˫ͫϯɨһȦ
Щ΢˵̱죬˵ˡ
ʲôûҲûͷѹȻڳȴоһεѹסǶá
ֱǴս߳ȥ˲һ
ս̨ϣĿ⿴䡣
кҲкܴԵ֣䶷ҲֻйĴսÿһսĶ֡
ĲĴ
ļ磬˵Ѿúܺˣ´Ŭɡ
һСģŲУίίǰεսǶµôͲ䣿
Ҳһ䣺ǲ˵ʲôĻˣ
䣺
ļ˵סҳԣǻԲ˵
ͷͬС
ս̨£Լļλѻ͡
λµĿ⿴䣬һ˵Ǹ̫ˡ
һͬصͷо֮ǰܹͰǽһսԼֱϡ
һλ˵еĴңܻŽһսѾܺˡ
ͷǳͬ
治ţôһ˾Щ˵Ƿ֪˭Ƿ
ͷ
ҪսǴս
ԼѾ˵ͷڴ䶷ģΪԼһˣȴһİܣѾ䶷֮ˡ
ˣʵսʦ䶷սĻսӮһϾƥʱǸսʦʵƥġңҲԤůսʦ
䲻һֱʧȥ
Բһ£뿪֪䶷ЩѯսǶඪˣ
˵սҪӮһѡ
-
Ԩеڶս
̹սԨڶսĹϯҲǳࡣ
˵ĿǰΪֹ䲻֪ԨʵΣԿ϶ǳá
һսǿ㲻սܵİǣڶս䶷ûʲôսʤٸСսʦ
룬ֻҪԨʵ̫ӳӦܹ䶷ȡòս
Ԩڶսʼ
һսƽݣҪԨĶ̫ˣսûпɿԡ
вΧԨսѾʧȥԣǲſԨսһǿ̣׷ܹվ
ԨĿɨǣԨĬĬ졣
俴ȴϬͲ֪䶷ߵʲôز
ʵ̫ˡ
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ҲɺϣԨ˽䶷һ¥վʱ˰ǡ
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ڶͰǵУһλۿǵսսʦվΪ˵˼û
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ҡͷԴǼǸĺһսֻǽΪսʦѹͷųĶֱֱӹˣ
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ŶŶŶǸѾܣѾܵ䣬
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֮и˵ǰսȨΪʱ飬͸˰ǵǿ˭һ·õĳɼҲֻаǿ߲Ųһʧܵս
Щǵս޵˵Ƿ׷׸Ҹʽɣ˦˵˵Լˡ
ЩǵĸֺλΪ˦һͲǺܿ׵ɣǾˡ
Ϊǵˣɧ
ǡ
䶷˰ǣΪԼȵ׵Ϊ··ˣЩ·˸ֽû۲ֶߡ
䶷ܼܿЩϢ㴫սʦսȺҲ˵ˣԼԨ̡䡭˵ĶС
һķĿ⿴Űǣû˱ȰǸˡ
òʵӮһսȴԽԽˡ
ͬսȺ䣬ҲûסóͬĿ⿴˰һۣ֮뵽ǵĿ£ѸջĿ⡣
伸λͬȥǡ
룬䶷ܵ˵ҲƾʵģǾͺԩˡ
ûȶãսˡ
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˶԰ǺλСսʦ֮ǰսȤкһΪ˼٣ۿǵĵĳս
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գգۣ䡣
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ܵġ
ۣŰΪ£ԲȨģ͸һսĪһ
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ҲǺܱ΢ˡ
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ԨĿĮؿ˲һۣս̨
Ԩ˫ͫӣԨӵѣϣܹһıһչֳǿʵģٲǰĳսһûκλأһָˡ
ԨĿһת˹սϯϵһۡ
ԨһսͺèϷŪһ㣬ǸʵսʦһЩϢĿռ䡣
ǣһս
ԨǰӾͺǻȸһ㣬Ҫǰöѡ
ġ
ƫġ
һһֱԨһ֮ǰİܿСС׳˶䡣
ô˵֮䶼ĳսڣսʼǰп䣬ܺãһսҿ㣬ϣΪҴһ޵ս
еʱսʼ
һ˲䣬˿һƬ꣬ɲǣս̨ϱγһСͻֱ꣬ӽûսƽ̨
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Уǹǿսܡ
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˶һսû̫⣬Ȼ½һ½½ȴˡ
һֱΪԨӦԵսʦһսʲô
λãȻȴоԨǵԵսʦ
һֱԨƫƿػɳһսɳҲֻǲл뵽ʵݶѡ


56 
Ԩĵս˲²Ϊľϵսʦ
ƯۿһսΪԨսʽЩۿһսŮΪԨսʽʵ̫
˲䣬Ԩսʽ˴䶷
ĽԨʵǲǺϲսʽŮǾֻҪл͹ۿԨÿһսã˵ԡڻУĸﻹлˣ
Ժ޸ÿ춼ӸԼ»꣬ⳡ
˶ΪԨսʽԵʱϢҲ˰ǵ˶С
ǵ˾ˡ
ӽµͬУΪѾ˽Ԩʵˣû뵽Ԩϵսʦľϵսʦ
ڴ֮ǰǴδ˵
γУ̺Ԩ̫⡣
ǵĵĳսͬˡ
̵ļ䣬ǵĳҲͬķʽġ
ǵĳĹڱȵ࣬˲侪ȫֱǴ䶷뿪ԾһƬž
ֱ׿ǵӰϯС˵ȻЦʵ̫ǿˣսһɲǣʶŵͣ˵ǵ֡
̫ˡ
ǿΪ
˶ǿĺøУǴл˶õᰶҲ֮ΪսĽߡ
ᰶԶߣȻʵǿİǾǰ
ڰ뿪˸źǴˣ
һλڸǵֺ˷׷׸źǴˣ
˲䣬ǵ䶷쳹
һָȺź룬սˣںʲôã
ǱǺԺģð֪ϲĽģ˶ˣٺ
Ȼ֪û壬ô˺Ǿ͸źɡ
ϯ˷ã֮䶷Ա峡սΪһս׼
Ǳǿ䶷һﶼֻаǡ
Ӣ
ᰡ
ǿ
ǿл䣿


Աϲǵˣ䶷ǰǵĺڡ
Щ˵ǵĻϣֱЩǵĺǶˡ
˵ĿǰΪֹǵĺռžԵƣҾ·ҲվǺڣȻϲǵ˸սһܵٸãһ䣬ϲǵ˾ͿԽǴͷ˿䵽ָ׸ǡ
вΪǶ֣䶷жݵĻң䶷
ЩϲǵΪЩϲǵ˶԰ǵĹ۸иˣֱӴӲϲ˵ǰҲǮԣ֪˶ӣһսΪ˵
ҥǮʹĥ
䶷ϲǵ˶Ϊӡ
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˵пȨƲģҲкһ˿ֻ߿ȻĻǿʵȲֿǮλģԻǺٺ١
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ΪͶȡɵˣע߲Զ
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ӣԨ
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쾩䶷սʦ
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Ŀ͵ؿԱ
ĿһתؿһλԱǽϡ
ϣȷʵд쾩ǵ֡
˾ˣϤ֣þ޷
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ңսʦսǱȻǼսԣһսսʦʤ
룬ǿսʦһָսܰװ׵õһʤ
ﶼʵֵĺ飬ͱˡ
˶Ҫʵ÷ˡ
ڷӦ󣬵һʱ䳯սƽ̨ķ񱼣Ψȥ˾ûսλˡ
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ܣһû˿µܣ˳صĴ
ڼλͬĿ£һ˫΢΢Լλ˵뾲һ
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䶷ݵľ쾩֣䶶˶˫ͫԴĴתҪ쾩
伸λѼһĻЩԣǰһ̻һ̾ԭظˡ
ȻЩ˵ԶԶԣս뵽쾩ӳָս
߰ɣڵս
ԣ̳ŵսķ񱼡
˵Ϊ쾩İܣٶͻļޣսʱõһ㲻λá
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ܸоǰǵĻп顣


˵У쾩ڵˡ
ʱսѾһţ£Щ˶쾩𾴣ˣӲ쾩ó˿ͨս̨һ·
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Щ˼سս̨ӵ䶷ӵˣҲû뿪뷨иǰͺ̵뷽跨
Ϊ˿һָսҲƴˡ
ս̨
쾩Ͱվս̨ˡ
п˿սϯһƬѹѹͷͷһҺɣ쾩ˣû취̨ˡ
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˫΢΢˵ʲǫֱ̫̂Ӹǹ
д
ûą̃¹սϯӲУźǶ쾩İ
жͷðһ亹Ұ
Ծûʲôą̃µѾ״̬ˡ
쾩Ͼϵһ˿ڸǸһĨϣȵ
һ˲䣬һƬž
Уû쾩һǿʵĺۡ
ᣬ¶һĨºԳƵĵЦݣ쾩Ĵ䶷һָսʵ̫ˡ
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Цɣʣʱĸܣ
Уǵģ㵱ʱ飬㵱ʱ˼룿
ǣ쾩˭


57 
ϯЩԭȵĿ⿴쾩ǣһۿˡ
ڲе⣬ǻλش
磬ĻϲţС
ȻΣǶû뵽ǻֻش
ս̨ϣ쾩˫ͫ΢΢ζĿ⿴Űǡ
д˲Ŀհףû뵽ǻشû
µ治ʶ쾩˭ҲҪñ湦ɣ
ѵͲ쾩ڽָսдΪ
ߣǲΪ쾩ֺսʦҲܹİɣ
ѲΪǮ
뷨̫ˣʵˡ
ǵģ䶷һƵЩҥΪǵĳսģЩ֧ҲǮġ
ò˵һλ⡣
ǵĻشòзǳ⣬һ£һʱ֮䲻֪ôӿڣʶһ䣺ֻ뷨𣿡˼һ£ΪԼӵĲԣ˫΢΢ǿһ쾩ǿܻʽ佱쾩ִ쾩˿϶Щ쾩ĽŮŮҲȻ
ȻȲ˵Ǳ΢ЦҪб뷨𣿡˼һ£ҵʱģӦǡ
еĿԣ˭νɣֻҪӮͿˡ
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룬ڻǵһαҥ㲻ҲѵһѾˡ
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̼˵һһʦãҲʧˡ
Ҳʦ
̣ţǵġ
㸸ĸһŮʦ
̣š
֮˵ĸӺȻʧ٣ĸĸ϶ǳġ
˵˵뵽Լˣûסֿʼˡ
̣
̼ǿ޵úģܻа취ġһ£˵ǻõģǻӳȥġ
ֻ֪һ룬κ˶ͺǲôųҲ˻Ӧ޷ƻһǶôӳȥҲһ
ǣϣܱʲôûкá
һλ˵ԭҪοģ㰲οˡ
û˵
̳Ĭ֮ǰĴ򳵱ڵļλֿʼĴкǳȥˡ
ǵĽĴУһλӺ۾ѯʣʵ֮ǰˣ֪ôôĶûãΪʲôҪ˷
ǼϵĶһ£ʣֲ𣿡
һ˵ǣҾͲ֪Ҫʲôˡ
֮ǰ˵Ҫȥ𣿡
úþѡ£Լõ״̬ȥɡ
˵ڱȥǾͱȽϺأ
ڲĴ򳵱ˡ
һƬž
ڽ£˫ͫϣ֪ڵ
ʮаʦÿһʮʮˣʼֵģٸӦһܸӦˡ
ƾʵƾÿ˵ԱԼò֮˲ͬС
ڵһѺһʦòͨһͨΪʦ겻ҪΪǮⷳգһûĥµķ˪˱òϵȵġ
ԱȣʮѺŵսʦֻԱ
ÿһѺʮˣѺսʦһѺŮսʦһ
⣬ܹѹߵܣͬʱѺսʦҩһǱͽ
ԱȹѺʦİѺսʦʮʮֻңʮ˿ƢһЩսʦһֱáһЩܷڲƻ
ߣﻹмλսʦ޷ʹܵ£ǳֿȭԴƢҲʮֱˡ
һĻͬһ˲²ؼر۾װʲôһȺΧۣ׷ֽкá
ķʽ뵽Ѻʦġ
ԭһЩ޿ӣ̻Ҫһ붼ǹѺսʦˡ
Ǽڻˡ
̽עתƵѺĻԱϡ
ÿһɰλսʦͣλսʦʵ㲻Ϊ˷ֹ;г⡣
һ·ʻһתۼʱȥˡ
ڲӵֵס룬ڽ˯ˡ
ʱЩصĻֳԷ
ڳԷʱиһֱעǵĽ̸֪ϢȻʧˣͶ֪ڹѺʲôˡ
̸֪һϣҲûõϢ
ΪսһҪ˯ʱһλսʦȻ˵˵춷սˡ
һλսʦźҲ˵ˣڶץסǸź˵һλΪ֮ΪҲΪǼٵְˡ
಻ǼٵģǸеӦòǼٵģνӦҲҥ
Ǽܻ֪ģ˵ǸҲץ³ˡ
˵֪Ǳ˭ץģֻҪ£֪Ǹʲô֮ˡ


̿ȷһ£ڵǵĶ
޷⡣
ʦûκս
Ҫڶսǲܵ顣
ֱʱ̻ûо򣬵һЩɥĲʱжôĿɶ
ֽǵУͣ£ڶڳ
һЩ򼢶ӷ죬û˱ԹǶԴϰΪ
۹Ѻսʦʮ÷߳ڣֵʲô⣬ǹˣҪܱһһٷι
Щ˽ܴ󣬳ϲļλսʦҪǰһЩȻΪô΢սʦһš


62 
峿űһС϶ѺŽ϶ȴ¡
е磬˿룬˲ԳȥƷǲơ
һͰ˰ɵسŷ
һֻܳһٷ»ʳãǶܶԵ㡣
ڳԹǽԿ˵Ĳ͵ӷ϶ﶪȥú϶ϡ
ѺڰаԷʦǲͬЩѺսʦʮսʦõʳֿʼһֵĿ
Щ˳ԵһûУΪ
ӣԲҲҪܱɣΪô㶫
֮мλսʦΪʳֿʼһֵĻս
ڽֵǰС
·ԽԽƫƧԼһʱʮ˺ڲڲ̸֪̽Ѱ
ʵǿн֪͸ڲĻͻᱻ˷쳣
˫ۣʵʵ˼⡣
һЩ˼۾ǽעŵϣһ˵ûþ˯ˣϳԹ˯ˣô˯𣿡
һ£ǣֻǡ˯ͻ̫ࡣ˸ɡ
Ľ㣬Ҳ۾ʲô룬ʲô˼Ǿûκηˡ
ʵҺúޣΪʲôҲսʦʦأ
ΪʲôҲսʦʦأ
սʦʦֻ֮ܶѡһֻܻܶݵʱ䣬ҲΪսʦ
ҪΪսʦκ˶ǿʵı㽡
ڵĳһҩ棬ͨڷҩͿԳΪսʦ
һ˵ǰǰڵĳҲҩЩ󡣡һ£˵˵۸΢Щȴģ˵ЩǮ˷һҩûãǾͶüţܳΪսʦˡ
ֻϧʦûκЧ
źָоƽ


˵ĽУٴα۾
һֱڲڸǣ֪˼ŽҪô
̺֪֪֮ԼʵƾԼһ˵ʵҪһǵսʦսӮˣڴ˵¡
౻Ѻڶʲôط
ڽ󡭡
ǣֻ࣬¹˾ҲпܱѺڵ³ǡ
ȽӶ޳޳һˣ³ȫǻϣǱȻɼԾҪȴӵ³Ǵ
֮ڴ£Ҫҳ¹˾
һ˲䣬Щڡ
ʱڸоʱһƬհףԺֻһͷҪٶȸϵߡ
Ϊо൱ʱ̲ܲ˵ԼһжˣΪçײ
Ԩڣںࡣ
ء
ԽԽ֮࣬һƬհף̳˯˹ȥ
ʱϵĺڲѾˡ
̸֪ɢʮѾѾɹ³ǡ
³ÿһξǶһ⾧³ǣ硣
̸֪ͼס³ǣ;磬ֻ֪ܿĿİӣط̽Ѱ
ԱȾĳУ³Ƿضǡ
ֵ˿ʮе⣬˷ָָ㣬˵һĻɫͽˡ
·һλ˵֮ǰĵϳǸٵŲǱץˣ᲻ҲЩ
˵ǸŲһǼٵġ
ȻģôϳͬžֻǼٵİɣ
·мŵССִǲúٴνĿתƵϡ
һǼ٣ֻҪг綼֪
˵һʮаʦαǰһڴ
¾£ˣϡ
˵ע£ǰС
䶷ʱͣ£䶷߳ʮλսʦѺսʦ
Ϊ׵ӵ̫ˣز´οɲԶһЩ
Ҫ֪㣬Ҳס
˱˴˺˼䣬ʣʮǰС
̳䶷ķȥǺܶЩץôսʦʲô
һŸ֪䶷ڽ赲޹
лһҪڴ̽һ
ǳ磬˶ãԨǵ˱䶷
Լһʱٴͣ¡
ͣ˶ſڣ֪Ӧþĳط
̴̰ڴƬڰĵضΣǱߣݿ֪ڵ³ǵһС
ʣ°׽Ҳԡ
ģȻ̾ǿƲסԼ̽붷
⣬ѺսʦʣĹԱߡ
̽·ĳ֣һ˲Ϩ¡ֵܡ
ֵһֱĪ⣬۷κԸϡ
˵ĺȻ֣Ҫȥ뷨ǿбѹסˡ
һλʦĿؿ̣ѯʣ£ղƺʲôʲô
̻ش𣬺ü˽ĿתƵ̽ϸϸһ˵㿴˰ɣ
⣬˫ͫ΢У׼ȷؿڵ
˳µĿ⿴ȥ˵磬ô𣿡
µûʲôֻǡ˱ӸС
˫ţС𾪡
鶯תȦ˵磬ʲôоµĻû˿ɣоһɿӿ϶Ϊ̫
бıЩڽнӹ˿Уû·ʱԷԶ룬ӭǰһСӡ
ĿĴתƣڿºַ׷񣬻һ¹ӡ
¶ǵͷ
һڵĻΧŰתһȦ磬оһɿӣ𣿡
ûлش
Щӽ˵СӣŵĶʦһ£ֹѯʣҪȥСӵĸۡ𣿡
ԣڿۿλͶӵˣü䣬ЦԭǴ㽫Щȥ
ӻصȥУʣȥ˼¥
˼СƬ̣˵ǾͰԭƻȥɣЩʱһ͸ȥġ
ѯʵĿ⿴¡
µж˵ð졣
Ӧǡ
зõЦһֻճȭÿһϡˡô£˵磬ǲһȤˣ
ü᣺
Уڴ˵ţ˳ھô£ƺڶ˵ַ·һ㣬˵һ䡰ǧʧַЦıصԡ


63 
ô򳵱ڵڵģȻȴܸоõ
֪⻹⣬ڵ£ƺÿһô̵ദеľս
¾ôֱӽƻʱҪôӣһܾ㤵⡣
ֱֵܽ붷޳̲һ
̶̼£ԽĸĪˡ
ڹȥ̸֪ʱʵǿܹ֪ӵģȴҲ޷ȷһɿӵĸԴ
ڣƺ֪ڵء
ɫ԰ף˶оЩá
֪̽ջأʱ֪еʮƣĶͷðϸܵĺ飬״̬⡣
ͬһֿʼһֵİ̾
ǿĳԾֻܺҲ²⡣
ʲôʱܴȥ
ʲôʱܺúóһٷ
ʲôʱܹúԡ
Щʱ޷֪̽Ҳͦõģٲһŵ
һλ˵˵Щ˻ὫʦһƫԶСɽ壬ʦСɽеʦֱȥѪ
ʦʦĺӣµѪʦ츳Сôӻְյ
һλӸ˵ʦΪ߽Ҫõ˫㣬ΪʦܣЩСɽῳʦ˫ȡ
ЩΪȻʦѿΪ˱ԣǻʦùǴܲˣÿһ±˺ѷһʹ
˵˵ţûסֿˡ
һλӿ޿ǲҪЩСɽȥɣ
̣
̣
룬Щ˵뷨ʵ̫ˡ
Ϊ֪ԴԲŻ˼룬²ʵҪ¡
һ룬Ϊһ֪ܹ֪緢һУ㱻ŵҲֵˡ
ѺʦǰС
̸֪ͷŷǳֻڷǳżݵؽ֪ͷźֻջء
һҹ֮ǰúϢһȻС
޷ɣԺ¡ж˵ʱʱ̿Ժ޹ģǸоΣʱľ档
ϸев
ǾЩʱȥǾ̷ǳ⡣
֪˶ãٴν֪ųȥʱְֻʣˡ
ͬһǲ֪˵֪ʲôʱˣ
ҡҡͷʾ
ˣĿĵزԶʱʹ뿪
һʮ˸ˣͣʱ˵עȻᱻһ²ע⵽
뿪Ľ˼¥̽˵ܴ¹˾顣
뷨ûģν뷨ʵ
̵Ĺע£Զ޴д֡˼¥ֵңʱ뿪ˡ
˫ͫĴɨһۣ·˸Ȼ󡭡
̷֣ȥ
̴˲Ŀհףǿ򶨣վĳڣһλӿ˵ûõģǲսʦޡ
ڳĴ£Щ
⣬ףߵᱻǿ
֮ǰڶʱܳȥ̫ˣǽƻܳȥ
̵սսʦֻʵᱻѹƣѹЧġ
ֻҪ룬ܽƻͻ̫˵ע⡣
Ҫ˼ǣһĻᡣ
ž˼¥Ժһɲǣһ˲뿪
ܿ죬ͣ˼¥ڡ
ͣʱ˼¥Ѿ˵ˣΪ׵һλԼʮһɫɴ£͸ɴ£𪼡֣İ͹£òŮӡ
ŮŴԼʮλЩǿʵǿȡ
ûʲôսʦŮӲҪô໤ǵ³ǼΪңѱ˽°ߣÿνʱ˼¥ȫ׼
ӵ˼¥ʱŮͶ죬˵磬ǲֽȥС
¶һĨЦݣûشŮӵ⡣
ŮȫӵĳĬĽһǮ͵Уѹ˵´ΣҪཫ͵Ŷ
ӽӹǮѸٽ֮ķŮӵ֣˵Ļġ
˳Ӻӵ뿪
ŮӳӵıӰӻýĵ𣬵ԶŮϵЦ£ȳ˼¥ĺԺȥ
˳ŷŮӵĽŲƫŽ˼¥ĺԺ
ߵһտĳأŮָһ˵һʼ򿪡
Ůָڵһ
һű򿪣Ѹٴ뿪׼
һ˲顣
һ˲䣬̽·˸Ҫ뿪ʱͬһھ˫ס̵ֱۡ
ͬĳͬ̽µķСҲֻܴһ˲ƣǿԶ̾˲ƣˡ
ǲܵġ
ǣڱλ뾪еӱסֱǿԭء
̣
ĬĬƫͷһĵȵף
ű򿪺ָ
̿ǰһһλǵһġ
Щֱǵ˫˫Ϊ˷ֹܡ
Ů۴һеˣﲻӦʮôһ
ŮЦһ˵ѲǶ͵ģ
Ůһλ˵Ӧ
ŮӵͷϿɵҲǣǼٸҲǮ˵ֱǳ˵Ρ
Ů˫ͫڴ߳ʮתתȥŭؽˣ˵һģЩʲôɫ˵ţһָȷָ̣˵ЩүǳǸʦ˭ԸҪ
Ůָ̳ó
һ̣ڳ˳Ůָķ׷׿̡
ŮԽ̣ԽǷŭ˶ţ˵ȱʹӵ𣿡
һλӽڵϵ͵Ůϣ˵ȷˣ³ó󣬺ôҲǸʦ
ŮŭһۣĿתϣֵ̫һۡ
̣
Щӡ
£˿ǲͬݣÿģģ
ʵЩģֻҪκòָָ㣬˷ֲͬ˿۵Ķǲͬףʣܴ鷳
һǣڷŮڳ徣һ⣬ûκζۡ
ʦòձ鶼̳磬ڵŮŮ³ǵ֮ĿĴڡ


64 
úȺĳ˵Ŀ⡣
ʼֻзŮ̳󣬵һеŮŮ߳ˣЩͬΪ˵ʦҲΪ̳ȷʵڳ
֪˭²һ䡰ôʦ𡱵
ȻŮͬ仰Ŀ׶ص̣˵̲ʦͰƤ
̸оԼе޹
ŮЦ֮ǰΪ˼ˣģģ³ǻļҿա
վŮԵ˵ȷˣҲ͵˸ӵġ
Ůӵͷǽ˵
һʮλʦʮλŮʦʮλʦ
ʮˣ˳һ㣬һһŮԱ˺ÿ࣬룬λӦǷŮӵĳɹ
ŮӿǶʱŭԻͣһ£˱ȥԡױ磬ʣʮǼԺŮӵѵ롣
Ů˫ֻأĿؿ˵֪𣿡
ڳ˵üۣۿŮӣ´ŭΪ棬̧˷Ůһۣ֮Ѹٵͷ
ŮӵǼԺ
Ůӻ䣬Ⱥ˷ŵĽŮӵٽУͽ˭·ȥſڽӿ͡
ڳץĶʦʦ涼Ǳ𾴵ĴڣʱԴίȴŮӵвҽг̲סԼ͵͵ᡣ
Щ˿ŮϺȻ¶һĨЦݣǶЩʦ
ڳʦŬѹΪͻһ
ŮӵȻսʦǣҿǶǼ粻ֲܿķĿϬɨˣֻޣֻԹˣǷʲôǺǡ
ڿʦǣ
Ļǲôˣȴ̲סԼί
ŮӵǷҲͦõģƿء
ŮûٹЩʦʼ˵˵³ǵĿ£ȫϾЩҪܵͷ
˵ǵ³ǣһûз¼˾Ҳ޷֪ĵصײп磬ûκܾȵǡ
ǲаӣǡ
ܺ󣬵ȴǵĲ֪Ƿܹܵˡ
˵˵޷ӳȥֻҪǺúɣطԽԽá
ܽŮӵĻ
ŮνĺúøɣָӦǽӿͣһţЩŬǶ뿪
ط˾
ʦĸģܻڣΪ˻ȥ롣
ÿ˶вͬ룬ǵİˣǣֻжô˶޷ܵʹ½Լ
Ӧ˼¥һֱȱˣҪϴ潫ԭ֮һ
ǵģֻԭ֮һӦûʲôԭ
ԭ̲Ը룬̫ˡ
˫սȭԸڣȴٵٵ³ǡ
˶˵ı
ŮӷԸȴȥǵ츳ȼ֮ٴȥԡ
Ůӵ£˼¥λŮ̴װŮǰȥȼΪⷢ⣬һɻǽʦΧм䣬ܵĻᡣ
ŮӿλòεŮʹӣһ治ʹӡ
̣
ŮֵȲԹϴɾһЩ
λŮ̴æӦǡ
ȺΧ߸պվһλսʦ
̺ܣȻԱ߻սʦע£ﶼܡ
ĺñ
̵˾˽ǵǰٶȷǳ
żµʱ̫ˣ¡жֵܻ˼¥
֮ǰӳȥ
Ȼǰ·Ů̴Ӷżʲôˡ
һλŮ˵֮ǰλŮ˼¥ˣ¥˶ỽһȷˡ
˵˼¥Ĺүֳȣһȡȡȡ
˵ţ˫ͫɨˣ΢Ц˵ûʲô⣬ôڳλȡ
ȵĹүûʸѡ˵ģֻҪʱΣٲԸҲҪȥӿ͡
ȵĹүһΧѡ˵ȨģȻΧҲޡ
һ£λŮһбֿߵˣˣһʼǶȣоǾԺǵ㹻ãпܳΪȣһȡ
ֿԺܵ;ˡ
˼¥үܶ࣬ߴǧƾﵽһȵ˻ûг֣ﵽȵˣλһλү
ҲλﵽȵĹү˼¥λһȵġ˵ǵ㶥⣬Ǻÿ
˼¥λһȵСүӵѡ˵Ȩġ
ѡȨҲǴΧѡȨԵ³һˣͬûѡȨ
ֻҪûЩ⣬λүһֻλ˼ɡ
ڳ˾ŮĽ˵ԽԽ
˵Ŭǲյĺڰ
ԶûɣҲûлȡɵĻᡣ
Ԩ
̶ͷðϸܵĺ飬ͷŸ֪̽¡ֵǷѾ˼¥ȴֲҡ
ΪһͷţֻҪ˲ڸĿǰڵء
̽ǵУһڽ˲ҡ
ÿͬвԵʦ࣬ռؼͬʱ뻹ĵط
ҺԭųŵĶУʮһţʮš
ԾǸжӵ£ǰſԵĵطߡ
Ծһλսʦ
̶Լ˵żż
żܡ
ڽйԺǱᱻȥԡ
̲ΪЩսʦǽԡأԡſڣʱܾͿԡ
ţܻš
ҲҪ¡
ڳ˱ȣڵ͸ЩеһǳֻͨͨҪƤӵʧ٣㲻
Ůӣǰ˵һǰϵõǰ
Ů΢Ц˵С⣬ĿǰֻǳУĵطûС
˿Ůе̣Ϸʮεľ塣
Ů˵䲻Ǿ׼ȷǾǶԵģЩֻʦŻзӦݾķӦ֪ҵ츳ˡ
Ůÿһһ弴ɣҪá
̣
̣
ͫ׵Ϊʲôǰ֪Ķ
̱ΪЩνĲʵʦͷȻƾڳսʦ֮϶ȣԼм򵥵С
ֵĻΪԾɿһͨûɫһ
ǣŮԣЩܹ˵ȼĻ
޴ӣ
ļٵģ


65 
ôӣ
֪ЩĲԭʲôܽΣ
̿Ụ̊ڵһλˡ
һͬڵһţ һԵĲһ˵ĵһˣȷһߵǵһߣôǵʮвԵˡ
̰һ
룬оԣΪʲôҪһǵʮҲãһҲգ綼Ҫԡ
ͷͷһܲ˵ġ
ֻ˵һʼͲѡַʽ³ǣҲͲᷢ¡
ֻһһˡ
ڳ˶עŵһŵһλõŮϡ
ŮɲǣɢһĨɫâ
Ů˵úãŵʱ䳤̣ɫԼһӺǻÿϱɫж츳һ£һ䣬һҪúãÿһ󣬱ǵҪ飬ؼ飬ԣһҪúŶ
Ů˵һɫɫɫɫɫжΪɫмɫΪ߼ÿһɫǳһǻϸΪиԣΪδӺùһЩһҪúϵıܹŶ
Ůӣڶˡ
һԵ˳ʦͬڵڶλõʦŮĿ⣬ŮĴߴ£ûȥñ뷨
һĻŮżԾһߵºͣҪأҪ߿˫ûõأ
ڳˣ
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73 
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κγʧ̬һСˤ¾յ飬ܹסյʼδ
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һ¥̵Ů¶֣һλŮѸٸ»µľյ⼸ǶѸٵĽϵɴɾ
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74 
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ֻֽ𣬴㽫۵ղرȻճͣīˮûɣ㼸ֽīˮȾ˲һ
ǰһ̻ǳϲ꣬һ㽫ϻٵĻ¶ϣʼͷˡ
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75 
Ů˵еǸǼֻ۾ûԣ
Ůп˺ȷ˿ˣͬһˣȻ˵Уغϵĵطֻһ㡣
촽
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³ǵ˳ǿߣս̨ĵӴòһ㲻Ϊʲôô˳ţ


76 
޷⣬૽Լ˵˳
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Ůӿ˵ţһεʸй󣬻ôΪԣ϶ɵġ
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ͷҲȥЩ֣ҵڶûȢء


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83 
ԽԽ˶޽˱С
̿һλŮһýСûзİɫСޣɫС׶ĿŮӡ
ŮЦһŽɫСһֻͫȥ
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룬·ǰܱʣױҲǰܱʡ
̳˳ͷ󣬴뿪ջ
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Էԣʱʱһı鿴̣ȻͷԷ̵Ļԣ־̣ͷԡ
оãΪ˾ߣôڻأ
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ࣺʲô䶷Ƿ˾;
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Ƥһ鶯࣬û뵽ԼԭΪ
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һλŮӴһλ꣬ĳ룬ֻҪܸӣͽκ˵ս
Щ֮еս䶷Ϊ֤ߣ֮ɳһλУǷֳһս̨ǵĶעȡһķֳɣ䶷ս
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౻һЩսʦŵ˲ˣǿɹ⽻׵ƷûȨ
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ԣҪ뿪֪ԣҪϢ
ڰǵģֻԨϢ
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һ˵֤ۿһλòӱǣ֣ؿΪӡ


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Щ˵Ľֻоͷȣ˶Щá
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룬ͱԼ˾֪ںϤ֮ǰΪѡеμ˾߻ˣһλսʦȻûԸΪ˽׵ģΪȴһɶ칤Ļױ񼼣Լ
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ЩǺС㳳òɿԽԽңһλ£һ˷˹һɵضܿһλĸ׳Ӳ̷֮꣬ŭػ֡
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88 
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̿ӵ֣ҪĿӵ֣Ӷԣ̫ˣˣ֪ӻӡ
༱÷·ȹϵϣȫûע⵽˵ʲôĲ֣ͼһָһָӵ֡
˵ҶСģЩҡ
룬ȷʵңֵͽӡ
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̣
룬ʱһԷʱ˵߰˾仰ȥһ䣬ʱӦǰ䶼ûȥŸõʱ棬ֱӸ˻ա
һüࡣ
ӷԼϵ֣һСͨ죬һ˵칫ӣſң
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΢΢վԼʵ֤̫Լˣһ˵񲻻õȥ
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˵˵ҹȻ˵СĻү϶ᷢŭûзŭӦΪƯķС


գգۣƳϵһۣĿջأ̵½ǣߡ
˵ϵһۣ֮Ĳ뿪ϵ׷ϣ΢Цѯ࣬Ǵȥ
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һ˲ĳɣ֮㽫뷨ˡ
˼¥ĸַͭǽڣ˼¥ΪһִϵϸͶʲô

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Ӧһ̲һС˵һֱǣô죿
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ӶԷⲢף̴ȥ䶷κһطϵ棬Ҹ꺮ůෳʤ
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Ȼѡ
̱Ƚ뿴䶷սս䶷սʦǿսǣûӡ
ƶһС
еĿܱûÿãֻܴۿѵĳ
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ࣺһλһλǿĺ
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ϵǳһ£࣬΢Цѯʣ𣿡


89 
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һԣĽǿ룬бҪǰչԼǿ
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̣
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ܿޣױô죿
ץԼ½ǵ֣οΣҶ㵱ġ
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˼ӿŲܿߵ䶷ĳڡ
ϵȫ΢Ц棬߳䶷ں粽ߵǰסǵȥ·΢ЦࣺɷҶﵽͣ˵ţ֣һ̣ά䶷սʦǾȻվϵ
̣
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룬֮ǰǷҪϵȥϸԼ̫ˣʵʵûѡȨ
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˵Ҳǲңֻ䶷սͱ䶷˿ˡ
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ԽЩ˵Խǲȥϸ
Ϊ޳ץκ˶ٴα
ʲô취Բȥϸ
ЩңӦʱ˵ʱ仹磬ٿ䶷ս
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ϵ΢Ц࣬˵˵˲ûã˵㡣
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֮ǰ໹ۿϵۿϵˣϵо£һֻץ̵½ǣһֻʶס䣬ڰϵɺˮˡ
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ʼԨ³ǣ䶷̬Ⱥ⣬ԨɱӺ˼
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ͬͨϳ䶷ĵ³ǣԨǿʵõɣ׵ͯǻûɳ䶷Ʒ
̿Ԩ⣬³˶䶷սʦʵɣʱ䶷ǳҪһ˿
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ϵ
̣


90 
̾һʲôʲô
ҰοеĴֻУ²ûиһ
̴۽ޣ˼ҪʲôɴܿУϵ˵Ϲӣ˿ͣҺá
ϵûϵ³˭˲Сһ棿СӼȻҲԵ
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֡
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ӿŲ̵ʱΪῴϵҪǿж԰ЩʲôȻ۵ȴǰǽάԼĻ棿
ϵ΢Ŀ⿴࣬Ϊʲô԰ʲô
ϵ˫ͫӣ۵ϵ԰ڿʱϵ˫ͫһֱ࣬΢Ц֮ǰ˵ۣҪϢ𣿡
˵ѵһͨ죬ֻ½ǣĿƯƣ˼ʲôȥ
һʼעϵϣܿģעŵ˰Ǻϡ
վǰ棬һ̵ֻ󣬽̻Լо˼ܽӴĴĿ
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С뿪ֳʣ̡ࡢǣԼϵ
ϵ࣬Ŀһת˫ͫ𣬵֣ʲôҪ͵ģ


94 
һƬžһΣյϢϵΪӡ
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97 
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ڳˣʲô
ԭСӸףֻСӵĸףС˵˾һ𣬺СҲһǻش¥ʦټƽʱŻش¥ְ񣬹Լ䣬¥˶֪ˡ
òԸǻһ˼УƯޱ飬ذϣһ²ؼĮģΨһʻıǷŭʱĿ⣬һǾˡ
Ǽֱ޷Ȼű˵˵ζ黰
Сҵ磬Һ㽲ʱҾˣǸȹСεòӶˣ֣ﶼ֣Ҫ߿ˣȻһսʦͷǿѹŲʲԸֹ
˵ȺһλӺϲŮӣ
һѯʣǶԷȹŮһ𣿡
СһͷƳһۣȻǣƢ䲻ãȴҲǳˡ
룬ƢúͷǳûʲôֱӹϵȻⲢҪ֮ѯʣȲǳôȻס˵֣
˽¶˵ΪǷȺﲻÿСҲ˵ﲻǳ˵ϲȺֲÿŮӣ
СҵǱҲ£ȹƯġ
˵Ȳǳף
Сҵǲȹ츳
˲ļžƬ̵ļžСѯʣǣ츳
Сҵʼȹʱرǹ˵츳ﲻϵȾ͹Ȼ׼ߣҿŷȺԣȷȺԽҴһȻͲˡ
˽ζţ˽·׷ײ²⣬λȺʲô츳
˲£ϵȣŨϵϵȡ
Ҳ˲²µȣֻеȡ
Ψû˲ϵֻߺɫȼ
˵Ĳ²УСҴϵŶ
ˣ
ˣ
ʱһ˷
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о˶Щá
ڲԹ츳ֲȼ
ĻֲԱξ֣ѯȼмȡ
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弶
ڲԳ弶һס֣ԭĿپһԺĿ⣬ͷ·ı˵ϣܱСͿȥκεطʱԽϣҲԽУԽ
˵ƺҲãһСˤô죿ﻯô죿
в֮ġ
ëȻ
ʹȻҪתܣӣ뻹л߲֪ĸ¹飬СŶӵģһסĶӵ롣
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ھ£츳Խߣսʦ϶ȱԽߣԼļλսʦ϶͵ɣߵȴӽųɡ
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˵Ŀ˰ôһŰǵĿ·๫ҵĸС˳ޡ
ݿΣʱĿ⿴һĨ崺΢ЦȻ⵽Ŀ⡣
ԶڰλӼòŮӱЦû֦չʵڲ䣬Ǻú̸һ̸ǻش¥ϣ
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Σֻܵɣ̸һ±ģʲôʱܹʼ
Ӱ¶һСԴҽ쿪ʼͿԡ
С˫ͫһЦͷһֶ㵽˰
Ȼ뵽һ仰ҰʲѾˣֻǼʱ䣬ûа취úÿСˣ֪֮ǰͺúÿĿˡ
һ˵һ˶ֱΪ˽Ƚ⣬츳ȼǿԣȷʵԽտʼ
ִӰ¶һСԴʣǣҵĹǮ
ΨֵСֽðСԴջȥסϵı飬սʦͬǮҲһģ϶⡣˵ţָһ״˫ͫһ˵ͷ
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ֻ۽Ƴһۣȫעض࿴ȻܱǸĸ磬ȴҲҪеĲԣǻش¥ĹҲǻش¥гսʦĽ


101 
Լ˻ع񣬷׷׿̡
뵽ǿ츳ǿ̵ĿڴǾޣֳǷһٸһϲ
κսʦʦ٣츳ǿʦ
˿̵Ŀʮ顣
뵽ʲôҲ̣츳֮ǰƺܿܲ츳Ϊ̲ûϵȵ츳ĲԽڲ²⣬˵̵츳ϵȣһﵽϼֻΪע⣬Բûв츳ġ
һ룬̵ĿԽˡ
ȻĲֻ˿̵Ŀⶼȳ
˵עУĬһ£ҡ
ֻ˵һҡ֣һλŻش¥С㽫һ͸ɫ͵ǰЦ̣빫Ӳ츳
ʱ̲ûΧԼֻҪֺɫһ·ܺˮһ㣬ʶ
Ŀɻؿ̣ȫΪʲôҪ㡣
ΧȫûоȴɢϢ
գգۣԴ˾١ŶƿزȻ֪ٿȴʮټ
չ¶һĨεЦݣǸ
ѯʣΪҪǸ
̵˵ˡ

ѯʣֵҲûϵȵ츳ʵʵֻµȵ츳
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˵ԼȼǱûȤ½ĿתƵϡ
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룬жʱõĸ׵ʱǵĸ׽ԭҪֳ츳ȫãһ츳á
һ룬ƳһۣĿдһĨеº͡
ջش¥ĹΪµȵ츳ûݹľΪֹ⣬ȷ˵츳߱ڻش¥ڻش¥ǮҲǳͣ͵ֵͣĿǣսʦԸⷭӡ
ʣˣԾҪڻش¥Ļϣһᣬ̽ܵĻͿԽнĲˡ
νĲԣȻҲӲ츳ԡ
ҡҡͷʾǲˡ
ش¥Ŀĺȷ׬ӣȻ֪ܿԽ츳һأôûҪڴ˼ˡ
ͷ
ڲԼȵȣԴһȥ˹¡
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ŹǶһǸʾǲ࣬ʵǿ츳˿ĴŻΡ
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102 
ڳ𾪵Ŀ⿴̡
Źº룬սʦ˵ԷһвпܻսʦľǰʱҪô죿
ҼҶһŹºһܺõˣ֮Ա̾Եˡ
Ǻ룬̵ƤеĻҪ
ڶ˿սʦΪսʦʦ׬ӣ
û£ʵչʲôֻҪƤ㹻Ϳ޵ˡ
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ˣпһεļ˾̫ˡ
һ£˺޲ܽõĴʻѵ˾ϣ̳Ϊһεļ˾ЩõĴʻ㡭Ҳᱻѵ
룬˵̼˾ǣ󣬾Ͷׯţƣ񣬲Իѡ
Իѡ
ǣ
ࣺ
̻һġ
츳ٺãȼٸߣȴҲ޷ıδսʦʵ
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һ㣬ţж£ܱ֤ǷᴥԷļ䣬ܱ֤Լļ䲻ᱻԷ
룬״̬ȽսʦҪȿѡһЩ״̬õսʦࡣ
Ϊġ
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һԣһȼʦԵڵȼʦЧġ
ǵģֻѣΪѶ̫ˡ
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103 
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Ź˶ʱ䣬Ѿʮˣ
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ࣺš
һԣʮˣ㹻϶ȣѾܲˡ
ֵ˵ͷ
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ĬĬȡӣƱһ̣̿ǣʾѹ

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Ӽ״Щô٣
һѯʣҪҵľ򣿡ǿֵɫ˳
еҪӴģõķʽǶͷŶͷķʽԼԷκһλһ£ԽЧԽá
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ĬĬ֣̰˳ָӵһӵʱͣûУ̱ջԼ֣ӵ޷㣬£ֵҵû㣬ȥɡ
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һһǸ˵ԼԣҲ̫˰ɣ
Ǻ˵㲻ԸŶͷҲһ¶Է֣ͣʱٳһЩʱɣ
ڰǵУ̵֣ȥ
ǻع̳˽ȥ


104 
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ųһĨЦݣȻһ츳㲻ȷʵˣòãԭ¡
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ڹȥʱûĸоھ޳¼ȴҪô
ӵҺңĵһΣ
ǣ
գգۣûз仰ﲻԣ뽫ַŵϡ
ӰҪ󣬽ĳϵķʽõ
࿴˿ӵֿ֣˿Լ֣Щ죬ֱ𣿡
Ӷ£һߺģĵһС鷳ǰҪˡ
һֱֻŵӵֱϣȻ۾
˵ֱľ˳ŶֱӵľС
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ڴ֮ǰ˵ľģಢ֪֪Լľģ˵Լľι̵һС磬ôӵľ˥ܵĲ硣
࿴һǳС磬粢ȴΣķ
ΪʦҪıǰ⴦״̬С硣
ָ£ۿİɫԻٶȳָۣ֮£˳Ŷֱת뵽ӵС
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˵ȷеļ۸𾪵ġ
һЩͼʦ׬էЩ٣Ǹȼȴˣߵȼʦ׬ӣǳԤϵĶࡣ
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΢Цӣ뷨һҪ㣬㿴λָָǡ
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Ӽͥԭ㲻ΪÿһεľıҵѾĹˡ
Ӻʹ࣬оԼˡ
˵Ӻǰʼӱ֪Լ̫ˣ³ǵԭ
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û˵ǣյ³սʦսȼ֣Ӧ弶սʦΪ򱩶̫ˣʵļȥֱһ̣ʵԽԽ
ģǳ̣ʱʵԽԽǵ򱩶ʱɵƻȴ۷ʱչֳʵΪ¡
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˵ʵҲܺãͲʱʱ̵̿Ļ˺ˡ
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˫΢΢ڵĻ˺²ڿȷʵûκ˺ȻľٴαʱȹĴζҪÿ¡
Ȼºһҹ˯о򱬷ʱ򱬷ĳһĻĻԺ
벻ɱȴԾɽӡ
֪Σգȴǲ뿪ĸĸ˴ߣȴĻĺӡһҹľ򱬷С
һֱ֪ģһֱ֪ԼΣգ֪Ϊ˼˺ãԶļˣֻ᲻ã̰׵ů밮
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ӲһˣҲûʲô¡
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̻عüͷ΢壬һӽҡ
ңûãӵǸӣǵ϶Ⱥܲ޷ΪĳǸΣΪ飬˵仰ʱ޷ۿӵݡ
һʧسȥʵо໹ϣ಻ԸʵϾʦģǲܣ̫ѡ
ӵҪʱ̺Ȼסӡ
ӲӶסͷĿɻؿ̡
˫΢΢ĬƬ̣Ȼ˵ȱսʦ𣿡


105 
̽һ˵ǰδμᱻȥ
ҪıԷҵˣһֱܡ
ܸоΪԷЩʲôȻѱ£Ⲣס
̸еڣûȷܹıԷ˵£ܾ鿴Է
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˫΢΢Ҫ˵ЩʲôֳĬˡ
뿪عһƬž
̶ӵ̬иоʲôѯʣôˣ
̻ش߳ľ״̬⡣
ǿࡣ
˵ûа취Ļֻܻ࣬ˡ
Щƣǵսʦ⣬֮˻һ£ֵᰵ¡
Ȼᰵûа취ڹȥ˶ᰵԹ϶ȣųеʦǣղλսʦңʵǿģֻǡֻǣλսʦľ̫ӣ׾ͻ᲻ر¶Լеĵϸ
̾һǼɡ
Ӧһá
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͵һλսʦһλսʦʱӵʱ䡣
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ŮЦ̣ߵǰ΢ЦĿǰΪֹһλսʦÿһλЧãλսʦǳ⣬Ƿֳɺӣպá
лϵӣ֮ݸǣܶʱҵĽ
Ů޵ʦһҲʮλսʦʦһҳֽϵսʦҲˣڣһҳֽϵսʦûȫԽоλźܺõ϶ȣɴ˿ɼ츳á
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ʱ̵˼Ҳ˳˼תƵλ˶ⶵսʦϡ
ԺһĴ𣬻ʹ˻ߵĻ棬ȼյĻ˵Ĵڣһִ
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Ҫشʱһ
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ŮͣЩƿƿ޹һҵƷкüܺƿģǵÿ˵ϲ⣬Щõģ֬˺ü֡
̵ͷŮϽӹ̣Ů뿪ˡ
Ů뿪̶̽ңŵԲϡ
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룬Ҫ̣̾ױ׬ˣȻЩۣܹΪ¹Щʲôеܿġ
̿ϵĸ֬ˮۣ֮ǰ˼¥ŮװԼ˵ҲҪŮװˡ
ȻνԴžǱƵġ
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106 
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ҿҪϢһ
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ͰǺؿ̣Ƕۼսģ̶˵սʦҪôţ
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107 
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Щģգգۣѯʣ𣿡
̵ûϵ˻һֱУ⼸
Ӧһ֡
ûãһλԼʮŮŶ룬ࡣ
Ůӿڣ̱֪ǰһλսʦʲôȥ𣿡
Ů֪
̵Ϊԡҵֳð׹ӽȥˡ
ŮӳĬһ£Ҷ˼ˡ
Ůϣó͵ϣཫ͵ϣŮӽԼַŵϡ
ŮԼֱŮӵֱ֮ľ˳ŶֱŮӵľ̽
࿴ŮӵľЩӣӦǿԵģЩۡ
룬̿϶øá
ཫԼľջأͷŮӣָָңȥɡ
ŮúҹĿ⿴࣬о֡
ʦľ̽սʦľһ̣˱˴˵ĸоǻͨġ
ʦܹоóԼսʦ϶ȣͬأսʦҲܹоóԼλʦ϶ȡ
Ůӿǰӵ϶ȺܸߣֱǾ䡣
Ůӳٳٲȥȥɡ
Ůӿܸ࣬оﶼԣԾһͷسȥ
ǣﲻأ


108 
Ůӽңϵֻ̣ͷڵķ˿
üͷ΢壬˼΢Ĳ
Դ֪ش¥һλϵʦ㿪ʼŶӣǰˣҲ뿪һֱ¥ָλŶӡ
ǰȥЩ˸˵ҶֳѪˮΣʲôᣬȻӣֳڣöôɫһӶᱻۡ
Щ˻˵Ҷֳʦ
ҶָǵᴥһΣƮƮһԼû취Ϊ֮ߡ
ÿһλʦΪսʦǵľսʦľʱսʦܴ¸֪ԼλʦĴ϶ȣȻЩ֮ǰ˶˵ǸֳֻӶѣʲô϶ˡ
˵ҶֳƢ⣬Ƣƺ˵ϸЦƢȫûЩŵ⡣
Ů˫ۣ֮ǰϸڡ
أ˫΢΢֪ˣ
ԣ
ǶŶʱŮӵʱҲŶӣʱƳۣʱ
Ⱥ֮ǰλӣڡ
ŮĿɿڴؿǰϣɫȺŮӣӦðϵ츳ΪҶŮӡ
Ůﾪκˣ˶оˡ
Ϊʲô
֮ǰûûлݣΪʲôھͻ໻ݣΪ̫ˣԲŻ
õսʦԣ̫˰ɣ
ش¥¥µ֪޳ܵΪ
Ů´ǰˣò˵һϮȺǳױݣװһĨһʼ֪ӣŮװ˿Υ͡
ޱؿӦɤ˵ԣڵģû̫Υͣ˵¡
ŮüӦʱѾӶϡ
ǣڲµʱҪǽҴõΪҶΪٽ¸֪ش¥ˣþ档
ǵģҲֻܾ档
ϵȵ츳κ飬ǿԱԭµġ
Ů鸴ӣ̫ͷȻӵַŵϡ
Ůӷ·ľż̫࣬һָһ̵Ҫ󣬽Լַŵϡ
Ȼ֮ǰȥһ㣬ΪֳӻԼǵǰȹӣԼ֮ˣˡ
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Ůŭϣ˾޴졣
ŮӺȻĴһ£ɻؿŮӣɵѯʣôˣ
Ůգؿھҵͬʱǡ˴棬ǰþĿ⣬úĿ⿴
Ụָָָָ̊࣬ҵһμֺ޳֮ˣ
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ࣺ
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üͷ΢壬ǸˣǽæѾˣȥɡǰŮйǣ
Ůӱͺô˵͸ˣָҵˣˣûʼ
ŮӺȻ֣ﲻˡ
˵ǣˣǣ޷Ϊ
νϵ˼Ѿ˶
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ʲôʱ
Ϊʲôӿʼڣȫ޸о
ÿ˵ļ䶼ҲԸ˹ģÿڱʱ裬Ψֱʦ֪̽Ը֪ܡ
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ȻӦԼ״̬ʱִʱ˿̣ѣɣǰδй״̬
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ϣȥ۶ʦΪԾɻвʣֲʸеȻ޴档
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ŮӻлããȻȻ
ȹŮװ毺õԾûʲôؿȥɡ
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ŮӴԻޱȣԸˣԽ࣬ԽǲĿƣ˵ʲôʲô
ȥһãȻ𾪱ء
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ٳʱ̶˵һšȻ͹Թ԰Źˡ
űϺ̴лع񣬵ٴδʱѾ򲻿ˡ
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ǶĻݵĻǲǴšǰֳ츳ﻹҪǿ
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ŮԽԽңһãȻоӽĹҿʼͷ·Ρ
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ȻŮӾͿ˹Թߵȴһսʦ
ЩսʦĿˢˢؿŮӣȴŮӽıݡ
ŮӱôλʵԼ޼սʦӣ£Ųʶ˼Ŀ΢Уؿǡ
һλսʦŮЦЦС㣬ûʲôҪ˵𣿡
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ЩȴŶӵսʦԣ˴˶һۣǸоŮӵķӦ֣϶Ҫ˵ЩʲôİɣͺŮ֮ǰȥЩսʦһ⣬󣬶²һֳ֮ٿһ
ڶݵĳĬһλӵֳô
Ůӣͦõģͦõģϲ治֪֮ǰЩһλС꣬˵ģ
ڳսʦζӳ£ԤС
λʣǣô
ŮԺȺ޵ģĬһ£۵ģˣ
ڳˣ
΢Ŀ⿴Ůӡ
뵽֮ǰλսʦλսʦڱŭظ˵õ໵˵˵ŰҲܲϲ˵໵Ůӱнȥˡ
ŮӽȥλսʦǣȻ˵ܸоǶú֡
ɻУǶã˴˻໻ݣ
ˣ͹ˣ
λӿŮӣС㣬֮ǰλսʦ˵ָָ棬ѹãпܻݣô
Ůӣɣʼλսʦͬ뷨Ϊֲ²Ƕôˡ
ǣǶĻ𣿺ǣֺǣ
ãһӹɣǶö
Ůӿԥԥǣֺǣ


109 
һѾĿ⿴Ůӡ
ԣǲǣ
´ŮӣȻͻȻˣ⣬ôŮӣ
Ůôλֳģ
֮ǰЩսʦ¶⣬˵λֳʱûһûٿŮӣû˵λֳĻƺĸйٻͦã

Ȼ
˿Ůӣֲ²⡣
һֲ²⣬λֳӣǳȷʵܺãһСģǱЩʵǿֳŮϲСӦǿС
СҲԺ󼴱ֳ֮ܲѣ϶иŮԸġ
ڶֲ²⣬Ǿλֳʱһ̬ȣŮʱһ̬ˡ
ǵڶֲ²ĻǱ˴˶һۣΪ˲ȡøУΪѣǷҪŴŮװ
롭
˰ɣӣ
ǣӾǴŮװǲܵġ
ǳ˲м
Ůӿһۣ뿪
뵽ʲôȻͣ½ŲΪʵ㲻սʦżд裬˴˼伴㲻죬Ҳǵͷ֮
Ů룬бҪѡ
øܺãǵһǵˣǧҪκһˡ
ϣ뿪ɣ໽һ˵֣˴ӵȴվȥ
ȺУȻѯŮӣ㲻𣿡
ŮӽŲסͷλʻ֮ˣʲô
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ŮӺȻ֪ˣ¶һĨǳЦݣ˰
ڳˣ
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Žȥã˵Լľˣ
һҲͰӰɣ
˻лããȻȻ
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λʦֱŮӵľӣ֮˼
λʦ׷˵λոյش¥Ҷʵ̫ˣܽŮӵľôá
ǵһΣȴԾƿѾǳˡ
СҲÿ
˵λʦü䣬ã˵ڵĻǶĿޡ
һλʦЦ̿ŮӣҶҲﵽش¥ϵһλʦɣ
Ůӵͷ΢ЦҪͷֶסˣʦܸ֪ЩʦĴ϶ȣٶ̫죬һ˲Щ࣬ټʲôûͽˣ˵ź
ûϵԺõġ
λʦŮӲ𣬱Цŵڻش¥ΣÿЧһ㣬õģ۸ǡ
ڹȥŮڻش¥ÿ֧ʱоһۣΪֵãΣȴоǳֵãĸԸ
Ůӹȥ֧ʱ䲻ںüĿ̬ȴ⣬ÿζǼԸģƢǵһ⡣
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֮ǰλʦ֪Ҷľ˶ʱ䣿£ֵ֮ǰҶΪ˵ձӣң֪Ϊʱûڣ
Ůӣ£ӣ֪УٶѾܿ죬ΪٶȺܿ죬εıٶ֮죬Ÿе𾪵·ΣĬ£˵ǿܲš
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ŮӵʱҶģˣֻǵãƺǼʱ䣿Űɣ
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ŮӼûһôãҽȥͷβҲһӵʱ䡣
ˡ
ڹ֮࣬ûʶ˵ʱǲһǶ֮ΪҶŮӵĳƺǡλʦ
ŮӻƺΪȷϣλȹˣǸ磬ã
ΣʦŮӶԸ⽫Ϊˡ
ŮԭλʦѯʸǶõ飬ǿ˵ģҲ֪ǶǶ֪Ҳ࣬ǣǶпܶһݣֱ˵ֵǶᷳ˼Ƭ̣ʲô˵Լ顣
𾪵Ŀ£ŮԤԼ´ش¥ʱ뿪ˡ
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ٴγĬˡ
룬С϶ڸǿЦЦ̫ˡ
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ٴһλλսʦԼŮĴ½ңΪЩսʦ̶ܴ̽ȣ֮Щսʦ뿪
С뿪󣬴Űӣһλսʦ¥乤ˡ
Ϊм¼¥սʦΪļϵսʦټЩսʦ¥֮ǰ̶ܴ̽ȣǱ֪Щ¥ڽǹҵλսʦͬһλļսʦһλƢǳѲļսʦ
Ƕλսʦ̣Ϊλսʦش¥ʦ϶ȶã˵¥Ǭ¥ʦں϶ȷ棬ǻش¥λսʦǳҲֻűǻش¥ȥÿʱҪһ֡
ǻش¥ԭûλսʦʲô飬ǿǵλսʦƢԹĸλսʦ˸ӡ
λʦǵС뿪һӣٵλսʦʱ䣬룬϶϶ȲԲûΪ
ǣϧˡ
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110 
λʦ˴˶һۣоһĻرá
һλʦǰսʦһ㱲״̬еģԥһ£һֻǰ˻Ρ
۶ûգԾһմģ
λʦ˴ֶһۣ˴˽
ǣλսʦ⵽˾޴ĴȻ֪
Ϊλսʦʱ˿ǣ˭ʲô
һλʦȻӵļ硣
Ȼ£սʦع˫ûۿǰλʦˡ
λʦ״ǾӦλѲսʦĴˡ
ȻλʦϣλսʦȻ¶һĨЦݣ
Цˣ
Цˣ
ȻЦˣ
΢ЦӦûΰɣ
λʦЩһλʦûУûΡ
λ¶һĨɵЦĿرɵ
λʦģ²һһλʦѵطˡ
£գգۣǣѾˣҪġ˳¥ԾȻݾ̶Ƚˣ̡
һλʦǸľĿǰ״̬Ѿ̽ˣſ
ӵǵģҵѾˡ
λʦһ𾪵ؿӣԼʲôС뿪ŶãӵѾˣ
λʦлããȻȻ
š뷨һλʦӷϵ֣ȻٴαˣӵľıˣЧǳϵúá
λʦԵʦΪ̽⣬֮ǵλʦ
޷ţӵľȷʵˣʵ
ˣҲ¥λʦܹһڵʱսʦľǲ²⣬ԼСԼľӳ¥ˡ
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¶Цݣ߸˵֧ӡ
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һλʦ΢ЦͷƽʱһϲЦˣ֪ôȻЦˡ
֪Ҷľ򡭡
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ͬʱ߷һ¥忴һλŻش¥ƷŮѯʣǸС
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λŮҡͷʾ
һλŶӵЦؿ壬΢Цѯʣ壬Сʲô𣿡
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ڳÿϵĿ⿴ߡ
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111 
ϵȵ츳ڻش¥ʹڸˡ
һϵ飬¥Ǭ¥׷˵ش¥Ҫ̽Ϣ޹
ͬʱͬзڵ³Ǵˡ
ʱϵϸǰڵ࣬ڵȰǣôɵ̡
ʱʱѾ˯ˡ
ϵޱ˲裬ǳǳһڣԼ
ҧ˫ͫ죬һ쿪Ϻϣ̡
ϵƳһۣ̾һñݵ̫ˡ
һλӴ룬һ
۾ӣվѯʣǸҪ֪Ǹһг̣춼ȥʲôطʲôˣʲôŮйܵΪ£ֲǷͱҲйʲôܵΪ
ϵһؿ࣬оѾΪǳտˡ
ӹ׹ڻش¥
£Ǹݣľ𣿡
ӵǵģҪȥش¥Ҷ׹Ҷȥġ
ࣺǸҶ಻սʦȥʲôüͷԽԽСˣƾԼʦݣЩսʦļһһǸ羫ûг⣬ȥʲôݣЩСȥԽԽļ
಻һȲսʦôȥش¥ԭҲֻһˣϵԣ֮ϲ
ϵϲ࣬ѾˣҪȢΪ檡
ʲôãԸãκãòãΨһõģžҲνֻҪޣȢ檣Ҳ˸档
˵ʲôõģϵڲޣޣ㲻檣һλʦֻҪ֮϶ȻԣĸױҲֲˡ
ϵѾҪ˵ףˡ
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ϵüͷ΢壬ͦϲģǣΪ಻ʺϳΪޣܸоಢûгΪĸƣСұ񣬾Ӧ²ܣܾ۳һ
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죬δѵһĨίСµ鷿ƿţ鷿ڳ⣬һλǳѵŮӡ
ŮӼУһ
ĿŮӰ͹µ´ϾЦ⣬ɶС㣬ղСԽÿ
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112 
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113 
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ϵԱߵ״λøоۣƵƵŲʵ΢˫ȭѵ֣ϵԽԶԽȫ
ţȺо˵䶷СϲǣҶﳤñƯαСãСʣϸּҶҶʵҡ
ʱѾϵһԣϵıһ˶Щˡ
Ⱥ˷߷ѯʣĸСʱڵıش¥һǣЩ˼λŮӣԲûж̫ݣǳѣקקķ٣ǱǱ˵㣬ȴҲûиʵϵ˺
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114 
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115 
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116 
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117 
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118 
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121 
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˾ǻشŮʣ³ǻֹμ˾ߣлһλǽյƷλλ˾أⱾ鼮Ȿ鼮Ե𣿡
¸˿϶Ĵ𰸣Ŷ˵ţĿɨڳˣΪⱾ鼮мʱҹλְߣаλ˾ߣǶⱾԵЦݼձλ鼮ϣⱾ鼮ԵпˣȻȴΧпڳеκһˡ
Ůģ죬˾С㣬ҶⱾܺ棬ָоҿܾⱾԵˣСһ𣿡
Ů䣬̨˷Ⱥв֪˭˵ƾʲôоԼҲⱾԵأ
Ȼ˶ʾҪһⱾ鼮
µһ˲ûҵƣ·ŴͷѹеһЩ˹Թֹͣ˳֡
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Ⱥ˵ǲǿⱾ鼮ķʽԣ
˽ӿڣŵգ߽ˮУ
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˻Ȼ
΢Цԣ룬ڼһ鼮ʱûչҲˮ͸û˵Ȿ鼮ֺҪⱾ鼮ֻ֣ҵԵˡ
µĻ֤Ȿ鼮ļֵ
˵Ҫ£Ը˵աˮ͸Ȿ鼮ⱾӱϿͨ鼮ڻаȻˮȡһεˮ鼮ϻ䣬鼮ֳָΪ֮ǰƽ顣
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̨˫սȭҪⱾ鼮˵Ҫһ鼮
ΪⱾ鱾Ӧ
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λŮ˫ͫѩٴαʾҪⱾ鼮ǿҵԤУΪԼⱾ鼮Եˡ
µͷɣһѡʮ̨ʮ˸Ȿ鼮ҵĺġ
ԣ
ھ£˾ǲ£Ҳֻ»еϹ˿͵˵һֱÿһλ˿ͣǲԸֵÿһᡣ
νŮսʦʦӦоС
λʾǿԸŮڣһѡʮλʣλ࣬˵Ҷ̨ΪʮλԵˡ
һ£԰վȴٳûŲ
һֻס֣뿪ߡ
¼һĻƽȻҶ̹ӲҶһˣҶ̹ͬҶһ̨ΪⱾ鼮ʮλԵĲߺˡ


126 
صǹȥһС
˵֮ǰʱòªΪʲôĻӳյÿ
һλ߽ǧǧ򣬻ΪԼܳأ
һλŮԵܼܺߣλôƯܵǺ
һ˵ʦܣ߲ʦǹӼȻӵ츳㲻ߣô˲ģ
ڳ˲İ
޽⡣
ѯʣʱǴʧģ
ڵ֪Ӻ츳߳شµʡ
µͷԡزжȥ
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һЩͨŮԡҪ͵οǹĻеԡֻҪ뵽ܹĻ˵壬˾͸еĵһƬ¶
˷һת
еӵһμ̣о̺رԲҪ̴ߡ
¿һۣκ
˵һۼʱеر棬Ͼǰòôܲر𣿵˵оǵľΪϣǼٵġ
뵽ʱûκԥٵԼòжԥתȥĳС
е磬֮ǰ㻭ļʱҾͲʲôʱãû뵽Ѿˣѽ
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Ҫץסµ֣ȴֱϵѪۣһ£ʶ˿ԼָףȻѪסµֻ֣գҪֱϵѪ
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УҸͿĭ·һ壬һ̾ôģ˵ǿˮˡ
£Щҽȥ𣿡
к磬ǲң
£ǡ
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죺СĿˮǲǾͲˣ
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죬ԹԱˣһֻ͵͵ͿͿĨ²ע⣬Ϳµ˿ϡ
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üġȻô˵ȴûв
ָˣ磬֮ǰǸٵıС㣬֮ǰʱ͸оСǸٵıȻС硣
۽΢䵽λֵŮ֣΢䣬¶һĨײЦݡ
еĺÿϧûܿװС硣
˫ͫ˻УҽСץУһҪСװǸģ˫ͫѩͨĴų򿪣ֵŮװ⣬ӶèβèβװƺҲӦرÿرʺС磡
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СţĬһ£ǣСʢֻҿԿǶҲܿĻҪһ֡
źЩ߱˴˶һۣͷʾԣǰõ
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ʮλվڲͬĵĻ֣Ļи˻档
ĻϵĻԼٶȵˣгʱٶȶȻŻ
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ոźԡһλŮ˵ʱүôȻʧģǳÿһطȴûҵκܹӳȥ·ȪˮȴҲһ˳ſ׶ӳȥ
µ»ݣĿΪˮ£һֱ׷
ĻٴλݣعĻϻٶȱ֮֮ǰ࣬Ȼ˱ؿԭˮе˾ƾʧˡ
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һ˵ʦʦΪʲôܣ
·Ը»ݡ
Ļٴλݡ
ΣĻϻݵĽǶȲͬ˿һ̽׵˫˸ʧ̵Ӱʧ
еԭŵС簡
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£ֵңǼץˣȴץµĺۼΪʲô
µơ
Уƣ
µͷ˲ƣӦòκγ϶óġĿĴɨۣԡأûƣסǣķӦסġ
УΪʲô
µ߰ɣȥķ䡣


127 
˽Ų졣
˼¥ټ󣬴ȪԡصķҪһӡ
ԱͨսʦߵԲ̫࣬ͨսʦܹɣ߱࣬һ˵ٶȲ졣
һ·Сڶǰ棬˾ԼԶ룬ԶԶ˵һ·Сȥ˱ķ䡣
˼¥˼УŮ̴ӿֲֻ˼¥ܡ
еٶȺܿ죬һӲ·ֻ̣˼ʮʱֻбȹүǲܾס¥㣬һ¥нŲͣ£Ȼһ⣬ö෿䣬֪סһ䡣
ⲢѲС
һ䷿ţӦƿš
űƿˡ
ʱ˿̣һλòŮʣһλӵϣϵһѳߴȥźȻ򿪣뿴УŮϵ˵أ˺üнűߡ
У
գգۣһµҪҪһʱ䣬ҪǼ
ŮǿǾˣҪǲ
Ůӽʵ´룬΢ЦѯʣСӲ֪Ϊζ
еҲżǿȼʵԭͦżԵȵż
Ůӿһۣ˿ŶţǻҪô
ŮӲӦ⣬վصһ裬ȻСӲżȱ裿
г¥ݵķۣ˵µҪߵﻹҪһʱ䣬˭֪;᲻ᷢʲô⣬߽ȥΨִڱܡ
˼һ£ŮĻǸһڱеĹܣһȫİ취ȥͲˣ
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еǿԴȥķ֮ټ𣿡
ŮӾ㵣˫ͫѩͬһ¥㣬ŮĵλʵԾɾ޴󣬾ͺÿֻҪԸӣܼŮһ棬ȻҪһ棬ȴϼѡ
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ͬһ¥£ֻҪţǱлһ档ʵϣҲȷʵΪ˼¥֮ⲻھƵĿˡ
ŮӻӦӱȻð
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в֪ķ䣬˼¥һ¥Ŀȴձ鶼֪һǱķ䣬֪߲
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⣬ʽϵùźţûƿȻ䷿űˡ
Ů˶٣ּ찡Щ̫ˣҡ
⣬мûбƿ˾㵵ĿһţȻԭ˲ķѡ
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һһͳһ˿ݱ䣬Ůŭ
ŮԭУȻڿгĶЪˣܱʾеķŭһҪЦӭ
վ˫ͫƳľ飬̧ͷе֪СΪ£ȫᱻŪŵ飬ҲûãǷǲ棬ûе¹ۣصǲ
һĨɰЦݣ̤߽ȥҴ
£Χ
˫ͫУԼĴתҲûֹ˼ͬһŮûпǸ˽ȥ
Ů΢ЦͱһкǡôҲ˼¥үǱرְҵ΢ЦûлӦЦݡ
Ůϰ˱䵭΢ƫͷԼһͬӡ
Ůһֱ֪ƯԣӴӳ䷿ʼĿûܴӱƿһֱڱϡ
ӿűĿ⽥ȣȻ̤ߵ˱ǰס˱һ˫˫֡
ڱĴΧ۵м״̽עŵ˱ϡ
ӵһֱ˵֣һɫ
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ͬ䷿Ůӣ˵˵ǧ֮һ΢
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ӵ˫ͫпǧǺӣѩɽΨһŵıѩµİȻ÷
㶣ʶ˫ͫûǳҲûҩǻģ
Ӻ¹ġ
ԭдȵѰµĺۼ֮ʱǷ֪һЩ̵飿
Ȼû뵽ǣΪ·ӾԱһ飬ζ黰еʮȤ
˵һˡ
ɣû˼ǧ֮һ
ΪƲʣ˶ǵࡣ
û޶ǼУҲԸΪһУ氮


ϲأӱ졣
лӼ˵ȥʱͽ˵ĻָĳɡС硱ȻЩԭ˵

б֪ʵ̬ȣ𽵹صһݸӣ˵˰죬ȷʵеڿʣжؽӹˮһ¡
е˵
סʲô
¶аЦݣղŶԱС˵ĻŶ
һΪǵҾͶѣԣֿʼȰȰ˵˸ζ黰
Ŷ䣬Щζ黰һֲʱ
ӵζ黰£һ١
ȷ˱侯Ŀ£ˣں´к˺ü
ֻĺè
ǸӦ뿪Ȼڵ֪䷿Ҫйܺӱ㲻ô뿪ˡ
ΪʲôҪܹȥĳ
ܹĻУǷ֪һЩڱ飿
ںĵʹ£һҧٺ˼ˡ
ĵҲܿĻк޷ģıŲҪ뿪
Ŀ⿴оӵעӣͷӣĿԣп˼·˵ΪԸǡ
ʲô


128 
׼Ļ֡
Ļϵĳڿʼƣ涼ǱԼ̱Ů
һλʮְŮӣͿԿڴһ죬ÿŮʳԵҲ١
ǳżӷ߳ȥͷƣһЩӭͣʱͺ񼴽лĻȻ¼лҲɢżµ
ʣһλǳƯŮӡ
֮ǰڿıʱŻ᲻òУͺڳŮλŮλӿŹĻбԿȣλŮӿŹĻеıҲݽȥ
ͬһط֮ľҲ൱ңԶ֪ı
֪ıеĻҪ
ȻЩʮλӶ̣Ǻܺÿ֮ǰĻϳֵûκοɱԡ
̫ˡ
Ժֻݵһˡ
ŹĻйԼһУüͷ΢壬һƬ
ʲô
ƺλ֪͸ԼĹͯϢ
Ǹ˵ֻҪţϣǳлǸˡǣΪʲôҪķлݣ
Ҫ֪ʲô
ǿŲ֪˭˽ԼϢǷǸ˴鷳
򶨣ȴٸнҧס촽ճĺˮֳޱȽŵ顣
ڱΪʱĻϳеΪ־һĻ
ڿֽλ֪дֽ
ĻϵĻݷǳ죬һɲ͹ȥˣ͵͵һۣɫ糣һ
һ֮ǰָ׵һؿԼҼ֮ǰˣΪζޣ
ٿޣˮܽκ⣬ųı֣Ϊ޵٣ǵϴΪζƲסԼ
ڿһʱ˼Լڴˮ
ֵ˭㲻𣿡űĿϧ˫սȭͷ¶˵˭ˣΪͷ
ĬԸӡ
Ȼ󣬱еŴˣˮƺڴˮѽ
ͫȻһ£ʶУĿתضŹĻƺڴʲô
ڴʲô
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ʱ͵͵ķйݽӴļٵı
£ϲõˮʲô᣿Բοο
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һβнһ˳
ڲ˷˾ȵȷ˿кӣ
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ȷ˻ʱ⣬ĻеĻˣݵ½߳䷿ĳ档
пһĻţ㾹Ȼ㶼ûңô±ʱһ㶼ĺ죬ͺСһ㣬
Ƴһۣû˿ദֵ뷨Ծǰʱ
ԣźȴҲ˵ʲô
˸˲֪ʮλߵʲôʱʱ俨ǡô
ڼٵĹĻУŮķ뿪˷䡣
ûãһλ̴ӷӴҴŶ룬Ѹٵشš
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´ָ»ݣݳΪſڡ
µָ£תƳأ»ݹĻеĳ
ǿſڵĵһ֣һһλƾճ˱ſڡ
ȷĿ󣬹ĻеĻݷԭСӰŴһش˶С
ʮ׼ڹĻм̴ӷʱԾɱ޵ˡ
˻ЩһμĻеıԼǰһ̻Աӡʱ˿Ŀһ˲˳ŹĻеˣƲĿ⡣
ɻ
Ȼ˲ſڣΪβֱ˲αڣ
ڳû˳ǵĿⶼĻеεǣš
ڽķƵƵŷſڿȥϵıԽԽء
ֻܻݳܻȫ޷жһⷢʲôһţʲô
˿Ļ·ٴ˸֮ǰ֪ܵΪӦҪ䷿˲Ƴȥ
ǣȥ
ǵģǳȥ
µˣٴһĻ
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·˸û뿪˺üΣֻȻ
˫ͫŹĻ˲Ƶġ
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ǿĻе̽Һ󷭿˱³һѰҺ˱ѣִ³ҵص棬ԼŪء
һЩóɻĿ⿴أ·ѯغС³ھֶĴڣ
һֱĹıôһѾĿעӣҲеշȡ
ʵϣҲеɻ³Ϊʲôֶ
˼һ£ƺǺüǰ֪˭͸ģԭ㶪ȴһʱ֮ǷɾͱĻеʹˡ
ֻǿۣ̽ĿתƵ˹Ļϡ
뿴ĻеӻʲôǣǾ͵濴˹ĻеԼòԼŽһһĲ
ؿĻϵͭǰһ±Ƶضϵƿƿ޹ޡ
Щƿƿ޹ޣԣ֮ʼоʹãƾʵԼŪԽԽ
ǿӲ֪ͿʲôԭƤ˲䰵ɫţֿ֮ʼñƿƿ޹ˡ
Ӱüʡ졢֬һû£ֻǡ
ȺУһλŮĿôÿ֬ͿͿôԲ󻹴󣡡
Ůҵ찡߱ʵüˣüëõһѾ
ƺҲͿ̫ˣƺҪӣǡ
ǣȾԱˣǣͭеԼ˿ɴһݣȾԵĵطҲͿһЩһɫٿһߵ죬ͿҪԳ
ˣ
ˣ
ĿؿŹĻе̣Լֻʹ
ǱﰡǣˣĻеԾƾʵ
Ϊʮ֣ɫƾ֬ˮױ߷ɫĻһٶʮɫƾ֬ˮױ磬Ӳ˾ŷɫˡ
Ծˣֻ˵ƾʵˡ
Ҳˡ


Ŀ΢ؿŹĻеڻױ󣬿ʼԼִ֮ᷢΡ
ǿӷ·ֲУֻ֪ᷢһԵؽһȫϴģܸоĪϲС
¿һĻȻ֮ǰ̴߳Լʱϵıʯɵ죬߼͵Ρ
ȷԸ̾װ磬ҲǷǳˡ
ʵеȴǺܺÿ


129 
࿴̣ſ
ƽĶۣʱ̲ȥͽ鷳Ȿ鼮Ե˾ͰˣⱾ鼮Եˣȫô۾ţΣ
飬˵а˾ڣμ˾Ƴ磬ǰҲǰ·ָˣΪ󱲣뽫ǰж
ǷԵûϵֻǲμ˾Ѫ⡣
ÿһλ˾ŶǿҵĹУһǼ˾ͬŹУڰ·ԹвСɳˣΪǰһΪ˾ֿѶܾٴ̤
ӵе࣬ӵеսԴãм֮Ǳزٵġ
һԴڶĹУǸҪ̨ܾȻһ̨
Ԩԭţȴ̰λϣԨ˵Ķȥˣһֱǰ
Ԩ򴽣ΪϣĿζ̲롣
̨ܴʮ˰˳ųһ̺ͣ
鼮ڵһŵŮӣǷⱾ鼮Ե˰ɡ
Ů˫ֲϽӹ鼮˵ҸоóҺⱾ鼮ԵĻȻֹõⱾ鼮Ȿ鼮ԾһƬհס
ŮͫȻ૵ô᣿Ϊʲôأ
ΪʲôⱾ鼮ԵˣⱾ鼮ʱǿҵռ
ҪⱾ鼮ǡ
ŮʧǣоʧĻԵ
ŮĸܣΪŮڵ飬ͬ
Ȿ鼮棬кٵһڳⱾ鼮ʱ²֪Ȿ鼮ĹҲⱾ鼮ĪռǵԤиǣҪⱾ鼮
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Ԩһ˱עĿ¹ļһ˸ȺеĽ㣬񣬰Щֳֹսʦ˵Ŀⶼϡ
Щڿ¹飬Ҳڿ࣬вڿԨͰǣΨû˿̡
Уһ۵ı̡
أһº̴Ծ¡
ЩֳֹսʦǼ״̸ֵÿһ·
һǰĿԨһɨһȦԨ˫ͫԣþòԨ¡
Ԩ˵
µûĻΪ˾¹鹫Ӻţ
ԨԾɲ˵
¿̣ɡ
µ¹࣬ǻصϳǣǣΪ¡˵ţ̣Ҷ̣ߣӦỵ́


132 
Щۼгڵ˲Լʲô
˵ʲô
Ԩ£
ûĻ£Ԩɣ
½³ǣΪ˾¹鹫Ӻţ
һˣĿ뿴࣬Ҫߵ̣Ψһпġ
ҲһֱΪҶˡ
Ҷྐྵţ
𾪵ġ
˼亣еţһֱΧڶۺʱεؿһĨʥ֮ƣеʣ´ľأԾɻ˸߸ϵĸо
¹ͬΪˣǰߵĵλӦñ໹Ҫ߳һЩȻ¹ֱ֮ĿǰΪֹ޷ȡ
ϵϢСʱɳ»۳ġ
ֻǣֱ۲Ǳ޳ҧ
Ϊʲôֱ
ѵѾϣ̳𣿳֮⣬žϵ츳ʦ
˽һЩǸоеĻҪࡣ
Ȼ˸еﲻԡ
ڶݵļžԨصҵġ
ԨĻع֪ﲻˡ
ôãȻͷβԨֻǰǣƺǽ̷õλá
˭û˵
ǣֻģǰĵһˡ
ٿ̣¹Զ಻¹鲻ôϲأúÿԸ񡭡
뵽˼¥αװԼʦƵ顣
׬ӣǿŴŮװⲻʲô
˿̵Ŀ൱һѾǸеǣ¾ȻһԨ¹뿪
ôģ
ڵ³ӵоԻȨǿ϶ֹµΪ̱Ȳ¹飬Ȳ࣬һ˻Էˣ
޷ǣôõ飬ԨȻͬ⣿
ǣԨǺǿȻ˵һλС꣬ǻӣΪԼ³Ϊаɣ
ֻҪЩûӵ飬еµ񣬻ϲصͬ˰ɣ
´΢䣬ȻЦȴ۵ף㲻ǳһˣƽ뿪³ǡ
üͷ΢壬Ԩ
Ԩ̣һֻḧ̵ϣ۷κ£Ҷǰ뿪
˫΢΢û˵ǣôǽҪô
ĿǰˣǿԱ֮¹أǵ޸֮
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̴ǧذתѰҶԲߡ
ţ۾ԨǰͿԨ˳ˣڿԨܵΪͺռղƷеǳ⣬ԨҸһλᣬٲС绹ңҾԶڵ³ǡ
ӦеģԨĹ
һֱַǳ˫ͫ£һۿ͸ϽȦס赲סԨĹ
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ⲢԨеһսǰѩͤʱԨнսΪǼǰԨʵ൱಻
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ţûϵʦʵܹԼٶӣȴֻѹơ
бκ´жãм´ģֳȴڸס
һֱΪжֻΣֻʱŻյĽ֣Կ˵Σա
Ԩһν档
ԨĲٿ£кȻһֻСѿСѿȻӣֵָľʼһʮʱ󾣼ѳ˳ǧϰٸ˸е־ǣЩԾԼٶȷѡ
пһĻʶˣڵԨĶ֡
һֱǽġ
Ϊ⣬С㱥ʹĥʱ̸еţΨһοʹǿս츳
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ǾͣҸСĿ꣬ȴӳΪһǿ߿ʼĿҲܼᶨͳһ
˵Ұģ˵ҪΪõһж͵ǰ
˶˵ûûΣ°ȴÿңΪʰ̯ӡ
ͺ¶Դһжµĸֻֻӵе඼¸ģĿǰʲô޷Ϊǳա
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ǵģֻҪʵ㹻ǿǾͿΪΪˡ
ڣԨݺݵش
ĲƽͺһЩˣÿ챥ܾĥ츳ãʵҲǿǾǱѰϵʦھ򱬷Уͺ񡭡Ԩ֮ǰǵʵ൱Ԩ˶٣ż£ԨʵѾ൱ˡ
ңжλӻŮ˽⣬ж᰾ңԨľȴķǳȶ֮ϵʦǳࡣ
ĺܲƽ
к۾Ԩ
Ԩں½еһνֺЩʵսʦͣԭΧۣһЩʵսʦǶѰӡ
һȺֳֿռսʦµ£ʧƿԼٶȳԨԼ̵˹
ͬʱðչ˺Ե¹飬һֻס󣬽·˸ƾ˲Ƶ˼ʧһˣҲʱԭվĵطγ˾Ҫ˱Ȼٲûзӵô
޷˲Ƶ²µĽ⣬ڽڣ˲ԾɿС
̴˲ƣЩֳֹսʦǵľࡣ
´ָֻҪ֤̻׽Ϳԡ
Щеļʧ뾣Լ޷룬ɼļ̣Ȼһ̾γɵӲٳ̵ͣή̮ٴοЩֳֹսʦʱĿ˾衣
ԭսʦΪʵ²ԱҪºԨ֮һսȥʱĽսԽԽѡһսѰеıӡ
ĺèûʲôȻŸΪҪ
Ŀһתʱս㿴̺ࡣ
д˵ʦ˵ʲô̺໥ݣλϵ츳ʦʵ̡
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ΪսʦȴѳԼʦ׬սʦѪǮҲ޳ܽսˡ
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ϧôõˣ¾û˿뷨
ãΪǿǿжǿ
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Щֳֹսʦµ̹ȥ
̽·˸ûѡ˲ƶܣѡսһֻּᶨס֣һֻڿйճ·̯һ״ǳСİɫȦϣ֮һ޴ķֱ¸ǣΧ֮ȫ
лҪ˵quqŷִû


133 
ԭ;޴ķĸĪΣС
Ԩս۽⳯еķȥüλǿд뿪Ƭսϣȴ±Ŀ¹Թ뿪
ԽǾ޴ķģµΣбԽء
ٴ´ָ̣Ҫ̽ɡ
̶ܿһλսʦĹѯʰǣɲٱһˣ
Ǵ¹飬Ѿоǳƣˣ˵ĶҪѳȥλﲻæҪ˵¾ٲѣüͷ΢壬Щѡ
ҧס촽
ȻʮԨľٲƶΧγ˲㱣㡣
Ѹɿ󣬾ٴγͣסе࣬Ҳס˹Ŀܡ
ԾмʧžٹȻεľȴ֮ǰҪӲûٿήȻԭ޵ɫȴ˼֡
ʳָŵߣҧָѪ
ҧúȾ죬ָѪһεδָ⻬䣬ȴûеڵ棬˰գ֮˷С
̵ѪҺںڷкƬķٴ˷ΧҲ˽ͬʱ˴ӷиовҲء
в֮⣬ƺбʲôʱǲûʱϸ롣
Ƕ㿪һλսʦĹֳһλսʦӦŷصΣ૵ʲô˵ѯˣ˵ֻ
Ҫʲô
Ժʡ
ǽ¹ĹأΪܹشʣȴ¹Ҳ֪ʲôǣҴЩиӦϢ
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սеսʦԼڸ͵һսɻ̻Ƴķġ
̲ûгţҲһμ˾ߣƳϢķĵģ
Ҫʲô
˲ƽԼƵһطʳָϵѪҺԾڵ䣬һεεѪҺͣڰУʺѪҺĿġ
ƺоЩѪҺʳָҧһڣѪҺµٶȸˣɫԵ÷ǳ԰ס
ԨһĻ˫ͫ죬ƾ̣
һûиԨѪˮڿл·ģһȦȦĵٴ뵽޴ķУֵķΧٴηˡ
ЩΧ۵˽˽ͷϵķʲô
Ϊʲôôļ£
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в̲ῴһۡ
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ԨѯʣҪʲô
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һ̣˱ΪᷢʲôȻʲôûз
Щڸؽ˼һĻ⣬˵ѵνС
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ǿ
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ڶ˽սʱһսʦսУǶµˡ
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Щսʦսֺ˶аǹ˵¹Ĺ֮еһ˵ģ⴩͸ļιǣѪҺ˵˿Ѫעܴ˿ڣսУѪҺԽԽࡣ
Թ˲ϾȴԾɼѱ¹飬ϵԽԽ࣬ԤУҪ
أڵİɫɢҫ۵ĹâīˮֺѪˮһַӵϵķиת˲гֳַЩַۿûκ˺ܹ͸˵ȾȾգһһʧϣӷֲµġ
ʲô
Ժʼʡ
ܿأǱ֪ʲô
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Ǳܣ˵Ŀ⣬Щսʦ̵˷Ĺ࣬һЩսʦֹͣսרעضŷðļͷȥ
֪ǷǴоһ֣սʦֻڱʦʱŻԶ޷״Ȼڸֱ֪뾫ʱǺȻоǿƵи
ʲô
˵һʱеǾ壬ܿģǱ㷢һĻֲǵľ˺ǵľ
ӷðĶʼðٶЩǵðļͷ󣬴ϿֳһµķģӷðķĲͬЩµķԴԴϵĴӿУĳѾðͷĽһ֮ǰٶȣǼʱ䣬һȻð˳
ͫȻȺв֪˭һ
򶼻Ὠһÿһ֮ͬеҶȴͬмڿðĽȷĴڡ
ܿ˱㷢֣е棬Ӱ
Ŵдȥܴ͸Ӱ˵Ӱȴܸ֪ӰɢϢϢ˴ĵеη
˲֪Ԩǡ¹ǳģһֱ˵ʵڵģŮסƶߣȫġ
лҪ˵ǶʱQAQ


134 
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Ԩǽʱ´ĵûжľǷʵڡǵģЩϲΪ֮ѰӦɣ˾δǼ˾˵ܶѡ
ҪɣֻҪȥңٲ׵ĽڶܳΪһɡ
һ̣ǴӰиоǾ޴ѹȸУܸоӰĹƺһ
ӰȴǵĸоҪׯ£ʱԺкȻһ뷨ʵڵĻ
ǵ̴ӷٻͶӰΪӽ
ʵΣ˱㲻ö֪ˡ
ӰҪӰڡ
¼״̳̣ҪסжһɲԨǰ
´ָһȺսʦ̵ȥ·һ
һ̵սУ²ΪԨʤ㣬ϸо֮ԨҪ
µָ£ЩֵӰ𾪵սʦ׷׻ع񣬲ͬʱ̷һΪ˿ٿֱ̣ش͸
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ЩĽֹͣһ˲˻عʱɢǳâֱӴ͸λսʦ塣
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ƺڹһ㡣
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ɻظ
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Ļش˿Ŀ˿־뾴η
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Ϊʲôܹˣ
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ԣ˽ֻռ֮Ĺ߶ѣ߸ϵ裬Ȼ㲻ѽ١
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Ԩɳ뾣·̷ס¹顣
¹ڵ״⣬Ȼֱۣ״̬˲Ļ㱣˫ͫӣǿ侲ң顣
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·ױˣԨԼӲµĵڶιͬʱþס¹顣
ʱ̻ͷԨ֮Ų̤
Ӱȴ·ʵڵģؿ̽ʲôˡ
̺һʧӰûϢ
һ̣˫ֹս˵עŵɢĹ֮ʧȴ˼ׯ֮С
ֻرġ
Ľ첢ʲôܣĽ
Ұ䣬Ծɻк븸ĸһֵͬʱͯѯʸĸͷֵǲһģֵһשһ߸ģƺǵһμ˾ٻġ
ʼֻӰʱţʵһשһߡһһľǷġ

˭֪أ
˵棬Ҳ˵Ǽ٣ǴǸʱԶҲ޷֪١
ܹȷϵǣ£θ졣
ռԽԽ󣬷·һһµ̣ʼɵһμ˾ٻģ֮ĸȴҲˡ
۵ıĵ֮
˵֮ΪŮҲ˵֮ΪУҲ֪ⲢҪһ˵ûνԱ
·һ㣬ӵһͷһϮ£ţüĿ£ܹo
̹£˫ֺʮԼԸ˳ȥ
ٵ³ǡ


135 
Ӱ˵ߣȴ޷ڵס̵
̵Ǿ޽еġ
˵֪УܹԸֻм˾ֻţǴϢý飬ձǣϣ̩񰲣ϣػһɽӡ
֣ٵ³ǵǵһ˵ġ
ĳ壬ǳе飬ͽлٵһȴδ˵
߸ϣ߰ĮΪΪϣҲû˵ƻ
˱ΪӦϣܹɱеˣֻһ
ΣҪֱٵһϣ
ңһ˵پܻٵ
ҲֻͶӰʵڵ̲ţҲμ˾ߣǼ˾
񲻻ġ
֪ġ
Ȼһ̣ȴ˰ɫķɢ貵ĹâЩϿս³ǵķԽԽˡ
ڤڤ֮УһƬصһԤУԤһ־ʾ·Ƕ˵뿪뿪ٲ뿪úǽ³һԶߡ
һ̣˵ı±Ƶġ
ļٵģ
϶Ǽٵİɣ
ԤУͺڻӦ̵ԸΪƻһĻӦһ㣿Ǵĵ֪ΣԤַ·ǵ
ôܣ
һǴ϶Ǵǵá
ͰĳٴһƬܵļž
ȻȺ˵Һ˶ҷ˾档
һ˵Ҳǣƺ뿪򡭡ҽ³һԶߡ
˷׷׿˵Ķˡ
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һƬž
Ҫ
ЦֻҪ޷½磬͡
½˵꣬ЩϽķڰγ˾޴ķģһЩͷշУǾŵǣز˾ҵ
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ٵЦݵһʧָ㣬һȦȦɫ渡֣ӰȥɫɳӶµɫ໥ײȻɫֱӴ͸˻ɳգۼ㹥
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ԨĿķ洫һǳ࣬¹鹫ӽ
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Сɻѯʣǵڶأ
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Щš
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ܿһ¹һûио룬Ϊ̵ĹϵȻҲпΪⲢ
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룬Ӧǰˡ
ﲻȴ
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˵̲ûȥͶӰȴһޣ߿˵мҪ˸еη
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˶֫ˡ
˾̾Ϣ˵ϣһ˱ϣ̳
̸ף
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¹ͫȻǾһУֱġ
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̿ˣҲ뿪Ҫǰæ
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¹ãǺ˽⣬Ա࣬˵ػƻ
˶ƻҪȽ򵥣ǶԣƻԶԶҪػѡ
̵޷뿪ǰҡ˼£˵һὫǴ³Ǹطǵִ󣬰ҽͨϵ·
¹ţҲᡣ
̵ý飬ҪʲôֻҪ˳ӦֱͿԡ


136 
³һƬҡ
е³ͷ֣֪δ·
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Ҫٵ³ǡ
޷ģȻҪ³ǣô³ǱȻ١
Ǹе˿־壬ҪţҪ취뿪³ǡ
ǣ뿪
³ǲѣѵγȥ³Ǿڽ³Ǻû˳ȥʸ񣬸ѵû߳³ǵĳ·
ڽ³ԺҪȥ뿴ɽӣ뿴̫ҪϵĿǣǳȥ
ͨϳǵĳ·ţ³˿ڶܹ࣬ᵽ·
³ͬԤС
ھԵĿ־á˵³Ǳ٣ľһλŶ񷢳
ŶԸϣܻٵ³ǡ
յŵԸԵ³ӭһѡ
˵Ǹŷ˰ɣ
Σ³ôˣҪô³һ᣿
¹أ
¹ô˵¹ǵ³ˣǸų׻ٵ³
Ц¹Σ
˵¹ӲˣᱻһصˣֻҪƬϣʲôˣͺ񡭡
ͺ񣬼˾Ĺ磬Ҳûһ㡣
˶ʾ޹ǱȽ³ǵģʲôûΪʲôҪûڵ³ǣ
Ǹе
𵴵ƵԽԽˣؿһݵݣ˻æܣ޺ڶϡ
ҪȥҪѰȴ֪
ǸеоʱպȻ˸һСͷ
һ£ĿⲻسŰտȥ
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ͫ׾ǸҪʲôһ·𣿡
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أͷ˸ҫ۵ĹâͫȻϳһˡ
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ԷϵΪģԽԽķˣȻЩɢһɢ貹âۡ
˿۾ʱϵѾʧֵһ޴Ĺݡ
һСĴһۣСͷȥо񿴵˹⣬ǹɢĹâȻĹâ
СͷһλӣۣǴ˵е𣿡
Ծ𶯣ȻȴΡȻ
ڶݵʧ̳˹˼״ϣȻҲһЩǻŻŻͷصŲƲֻߺһͬͬС
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ҪԼʱ˵ȥ޳ȥ˶޳һʲôأ
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ҧס촽ۡ
ڽ¹ߺ࣬ȥ޳֮ȥ䶷
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̵¹ãٶԶԶ㣬׺ͶҲ㣬Զ޳䶷ֵطֻܽˡ
˫΢΢ֻȭѯʣңҸô
̵ٿйѺڶ޳䶷޺սʦǷų
üͷ΢壺Ҳٿ
̵ûϵʱ򽻸ҾͿԡ
صͷ
ָ㣬ϳһ࿴һۣȵ˷ϡ
ɢ΢⣬ת˲ŷϵʧˡ
ת˫ֺʮ¹ǰ
Ϊģһ۳ķΧתƣ֮ʧ
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޳
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ΪҺü˱˴ײڵأһֱҵ˲̤ǿô˲̤Ҳûܵ˺
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˶޳޵ıĲҽƺѰԮǻܣȻޣһսʦȴǱѺУǾϣǽ³ǳڴˡ
֮˷ɢģҪǴûʵԿףҲ޷Ϊǿ
޵ıܳ޳߳޳۵ıǴؾҵĲԼһݵ¥
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ԣҪڵķ
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Ⱥ˵֪³ǵĳߵ˵³ǵĳڣǻᱻȥ
˶ǵǽ³ʱֻڵ³ǳʱǵĳͶ˵ǽ³Ǻֻ³ͬ棬ǽһӶ޷뿪
Ҫ
˵У޳պȻС
һʱ˿󾪺˿ȥıСͷںϳһͷ󣬷ϳһˡ
Ⱥɻ󣬷ϵ˭
սʦձ鼫ãڷ貵Ĺâɢǵһʱ㷢˷ϵˡ
˵˵ϢӦǼٵҶţ
˵עУΪһۣ֮ЩĶȻɢ뵽˶޳ڡ
Ի󲻽⣬Ҫʲô
ǸеɻʱСܹ˵³򣬳ͨϵĹݣǿͨͨϡ˵仰ʱһҲҾǳڴ
ʵ³˶ͬ˼ȥ翴Ϊ硣
Ⱥɻǵ³ǵĹγɵģ
˵Ҳ˵˵μ˾¹鹫ӣȻӰг֣Ȼ۾ͱ˹ݡ
˾̾׷׵¹鹫ӣȻָָԾڰշϵ࣬ѯʣ𣿡
˳ӵĿ⿴ȥԽԽ˻У۵ıڰշϵ࣬âԽԽʢѾ˵ˣ֮ͨϵĹݳˡ
ͬʱһȺ޴ӹѺǵĶ޳ܳŹݵķ񱼶ȥ
Щ˾һ˲ҲظŹݵķȥ
ӣ䣬һͷޣеĲѸͣ˽Ųʱ׶ͬǿʱͷ·Ǽĳ
ḧ˸һͷ޵ëллǣϣδܰá
໰䣬ƮЩ޵ڣŵף
һĻĿɿڴ
Щ޶˼ǵǰʧĿãȻؿ˿ݣֳһȥԥ£ааǳ䶷񱼡
һĻĿɿڴ˸Ⱥɻѯˣƺȥˣ
֪
ЩûϹݵȥˣ
Ҳ֪


137 
ڴĴȥ䶷
ͺڶ޳ʱһվڷ֮ϣǧǧ壬ʲôҪΪý·ʶһɢ֮ЩѺսʦͨ۾䶷˳
̺ͰǵĴ䶷ͺЩѺһսʦǿһǸ˵ĸоȴͺʬ⡣
Ϊʲôľػš
ЩȺУ࿴һСǴһɫɴµСк˾ģĹͷСк
Скͷ࣬˫ϺϣԶಢ֪˵ʲôȴܸо⡣
ͨ͸ǲ߱ܣֻҪĸܣܹܵ˵
ಢǵһμСк
֮ǰ̼СкʱСкһر಻֪ԭ򣬲Ҳνˡ
оȵǣһ·Скǰڶ޳۳ĹݲֻͬһС͹·ԼСкһ·
Ҫʲô
˿·뵽˵ͨϵĹݣʶҪ̤Ϲ·ϲǵֱӴ͸˹·
Скգգָָۣ࣬Լ
ͷСкŲ̤˹·һľԽԽ
·£˷żźΪʲô·ֻСȥ
Ϊʲô
ܿ죬Скߵߡ
ɢ貵ĹâΪý飬Ĺγɣͨϵĵ·
ೣ걻Ѻڵ³ǵսʦ˻źźбŷ貵Ĺâ̤ͨϳǵĹݣǸоһӭĻǵ³ǵıԼ

ижж۳ݵˣжλ³ǻš
Ҳãμ˾ҲգǸڸ
ڣͯɻؿࡣ
ͯǵǰˣ֮ǰйһ֮ԵǰΪһλǳÿС㣬ڶ޳ʱϢС㣬ץ붷޳š
ͯͷԺͯеɬѯʣţҴ䶷оȳ𣿡ĺ˵ӦôŴȻȴǳɬ˻ƶɫҲǳ⣬ɼССӦࡣ
ͯ˫ͫƽӣһֻͺͺͷŶ
ͯգգۣɻ󲻽⡣
ǵϴĸ𣿡
ͯͷ
Ǹǳġ
ͯ˫΢΢˵Ǹ硣
ͷȻͯ˵ö˶˵ǸѪˮΣõѪôǸˡ
ϵЦһŶһܺõĸ硣
ͯͷ֪ģԣҪԼţһܺõĸ磬˵Ṇ̀𣿡

ڶ˽̸ʱǽµķ˸Źâת䣬ĽǴһط
Ӱ䣬ͯѯʣŸ磬Ҫȥ
Ҳ֪ġ
ͯ˫˵һֱѰҵĸ׾ԷҪĸס
ͣ£ڰյķͯĿ۵ıһʵ¥дš˼¥֡
ʱ˼¥һƬңȷ˵£һȺµ˼¥ǽһȺ޸֮ĹүϣʱײѺ߳˼¥ſڵĺɫ
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ȻϣģһֱѰҵĸ׾϶
ǣأ
ͯҪӷȥǷͺ̵ǽڣܷ˵ĹͬʱҲ÷ڵƶ
ͯͷڴĿ⿴ࡣ
ͯͷ۳ɵķתִ֮תȥһĳбŵ˼¥үСû
ڷĵ¸ʴջɷ뵽˷С
ЩҪĹү˼ȻΧһȺڣǲ
Ȼ˵ȱѺڵĹүǷ׷״߳ȥһһλɫȺŮӣòޣ³˲ȺеĽ㡣
·ϵͯ˫ͫȻˮۿ˻ߵź
ͯĿ޺ͷǺСк
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һ£λսʦűȥϵͯۿ죬ȥȴʲôˡ
ʱһ·˱ǰһ£ڹ·Ȼһ·СͯͯҲ˳Ź·£
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ȷ˵ŭУսʦжȴֹ··ǴڲͬĿռ䣬ǿõǵĹˡ
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һ죬Զ˵ͷ·һزʵö˸еϲǣڶ໥ӵ·ͨͨ·Ͽγһ·ͨϵĹݡ
һ·Աԣһͨϣĵ·
ס֣ͯ˹ݡ
µȷŤûа취ץסڲò£ƿסˡ
ȷôģһȺ޺Ȼȥ۵ı֮ޣʹ׸ߣСľһֻֻСɳ档
Щ޿ȥ·޳˶ʱˡ
һȺսʦűȷˣֹЩ˵ַˣСǼһĻĴܡȻǾͷ˹һĻ
һͷӴ޳ǣȻеļ˶Լϣ֮˹ݡ
ܿ죬Ǳʶһʵ
Щ޲˺ǵģǡ
ǵġ
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ڹϣһλһͷɫѩʨޱϵŮѯʣǸϵ˭
ͯס֣ش𣺡š
λŮӷ̾˵źǵģ
˽ӻ
ͯ룬ֵҲǡ
ԣĿɻؿͯ
ͯ˵ǵһС磬̡
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138 
ڷ£¹鱻͵˵³ǵĸ򣬽ͨϵĹݡ
³ǱЩڵ³ǵĽ类˺ƣûκϡ
̵ľ һûκס˵³Ƭ
¹飬ҵλˣһλţһλ˼˾֮һǵľ״̬ܲã޷ڣ޷¹һΪý飬˴͵˰ǰ
ǿȻǰĶ£ǵľʧаǡ
ͬʱ̿˾
˾֮ΪʺϳΪμ˾ĺѡߣΪԭѺһƳɵİУڵĵط￴Ķ
һзµƷҩⶼǿ
̿طһУȴܴظ֪Ƕ˾ʲô
Ǹ˾Ѫ˾ͲͬͬʱѺһüĵӻƤ顣
ӦҪְ֪ͨ˵
ڼ˾ٵ£ñ֮Ϊӽ˾˾顣
ڵ³ǿʼݺ˾ͬһԵ÷ǳꡣ
֮˵Ǹ˾һʲôûκ
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˵˾ѪҺûĵط˾ˣͨûʲô
˾Ϊʦ츳Ǻܲɫеȵ츳ȻԲࡣ
Ȳһš


Щ˵ţŹѺ˾İȥ
˾ǿһͨˣԾɲܷ
Ҫȥо
ǽѺһСǿŹͨ飬Ӷᵽǵͽϡ
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ԼԼоϢ³ǽҪٵ
ãϣԼܾʹ˳ˣֻҪˣ͸оʹˡ
ŲԽԽˣ˫սȭ
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˾һ£ãȻĴһۣѵشϰ
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˾ãȻ
߽ң˾ʶһ£Ц̤˾
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˾عʱ˰ǣԼչŵܾŵְߡ
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˾ǵһ£ڼ˾͸е£밵ҺıܣʱʼֻҪˣȴıһһε˺
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룬ԨȥΪǱ㲻еˣ˾һࡢ¹һͬеˣǽ룬ȴӦ˾롣
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ЩϢķʲô
ǵ³ǰɣ³Ϊʲô
Ϊʲôǵĸо


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˾𾪵ģ֮ǰоǾڣһգ۵ʱȻʧˣ
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Ϊ̴࣬˾˻лããȻȻĿ£˵顣
ಢǺܻ˵Ϊصͻ̵뵽ıǡܡر𡱡ǳִִʵ̫򵥣оּ򵥵Ĵȫ޷̵ʮ֮һûϵ챿˵һβ˵Σ˵ʱáܺܺܡررر𡱡ǳǳǳֵӴķʽ̡
磬˵ķǳǳǳÿ
˵ĺܺܺ
˵̾ԾԾһμ˾
˵̵رررǿ


ڣһѾĿ⿴ࡣ
޹Ŀ⡣
˸оѾҪĵӴϴˡ
˾ţǷʲô⣿ֻбϲŻȡһ̹ӲûлȡϿɡ
˾һĶ˷ǳͬ˾˵
ز˵ʲô¹ǣ̹ȷʵӵ
¹鿴Լϵİ䣬ֱ䱻٣ȴ


139 
һ˶ԻȻΡ
Щ˶Ե³ǼΪ񣬵ҲвСڵ³ǣǲԸȥҲȥѡ³ǹ
ÿһݵĳڸԲͬЩӵ³ߵϵˣֱͨɽһֱӽϳǡ
ϳǵ˳ųڸͬĹݱȥÿ˵϶ž㵡
ǳ޳ÿ޳ǵ˱±ѣ˶֪¾Ȼ˳µؾס
һ˿棬Ҫ˳ŵ³ϵĹж£Ȼ޷ڹϡ
ԽԽ˾£۲ЩԵ³ǵˡ
Ϻͷ̫ҫ۴ĿѸջĿ⣬ûֻͷ̫
һո߿գ˳ǵĿ⿴ʺţǾͲǿҵϹǵ۾
˵ϳֳһݡ
ͬϳֵ˲ͬһݳֵ˲ŮˣԼ
һޡ
ǵ˲ޣ޳Ƕ޼˵һȺһԺֵ뷨һȺҪˡ
սʦѯ³ֵĹڴǸ޳ûĹݿ񱼶ȥ
ЩսʦȥʱѾˣǸһξ뿴ЩӹˣһλŮòÿĶǣһСк֣½½ˣÿһԻٶһͷޣЩڵϳпײޱȵȴػߵ̬סǣǻ˺ǡ
ʲô
Ե³߳һԹϵϺĿ㲻Ҫ׷̫ǵ˫ͫʺϿ̫
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ǵһο̫
Ĵӵ³ӳ˰ɣ
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Ӷӳ˵Թݶ˶Ƿߣѡ񣬵һ־ܣΥɱۡ
һȺϳǵ𾪡
𾪵ؿЩԵ¶ıޱŵĿ㽿ûκսĹүǣÿ˶ô磬ôģ
ݲҰס
һЩĿһתͯ
Ƕָָͯ㣬˵С䶷չֳʵС
Ե³ϵϵˣû׸֪˶˼¥Ǹʱ޷Ȼǿġ
ͯǰڱǰͯɵ˪սҲᱻץȥΪū䣬һȦȦסڳԹ߳ˣսһ
Щ˼ģʵ޷׼ﷸߡ
֮ѯʣʲô
Ѿûİ˵ǿЩͬˣԼǴӵ³ǷųûǿεġΪֲΣڵһѯǷʲôʱûκ˻شǵ⡣
ӵҲ±˻˵Ļûԥֱսʦ˷˹
ͯʵǿһȺſǻӽս
һЩԹɪɪ־ӡ
ҪΪͯҲҪΪЩսЩʲô
뻤ӵսʦǸ״̬ѣǲһֻͯЩԶ޳ڵ³Ǽشţ˵³Ǻһֱڽ״̬ûԹһٱͣûһ̰ߡ
ۼһͷѩɫƤëȾ죬Ȼ֪³𣿡
ӶӳĿ׶ؿɱ˱᲻ã᲻ҲҪô´ָɱ
ͬһԣ̽м䡣
Ե³ǶûȨ֮ū硣
ϳЩһãȻΧ۵ԣ𾪣ֱһ仰Ӱ
Ỻ˵ϳǵڽֵϣĪץ³ǣΪ³ײˡ
ϳǵ£뵽ЩȻʧٵˣ˵Щ˻ʧ٣ʵǱץ³
ԽԽҵսУ˵˲ڵ³ǵļλźμ˾ߡ
ͫȻͺһ㣬ǶְҲäĿƳ磬ǼţܹúõشΪְߡ
ǵ
Ȼ˸ҶԼμ˾֣߳
Ŀ׶ؿЩӵˡ
ӶӳҪǵĺ
һսУΧеһְ˵ʮ䡣
ںСкܵ˺󣬱˫ֽճȭ˫ͫˮ£˵ЩͬҲܺߣЩޱԵ³ǷųԴΪǸػǵ
Χһϯ׷˵ʵڵġ
֮˵ѹܻ޳ȥΪΪǵλõĹϵڿ˵׼Ϊ³һֱ׽ޣ޿ɾʹˡ
ֻ²ؼǶŭˣ֮˵˱޳еģ˵ǳˣЩ޳Ҳǳˡ
Դˣӭһҡ
һˡ
Ԩһ·Źϣߵ˵ϡ
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оЩ˵ģֻòš
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ֵϵ˴Ҵң˵Ǻü˻սƺҲסһȺˣ뻤ӵ˵סŵĶһȺ׼ķߣŻӵ˺ѿסзߡ
Ҳ棬Щǲš
أ·ϵ˷׷ͣ˽ŲԨˡ
Ԩ֮ࡢ¹Թϣ˵ҰС
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˵ǿλλš
Ųվŵ¹鹫ӣμ˾ߣ
˾С㾹Ҳڣ
˵ԹݶϵĶﷸôǻˣ


˵̳ʱ˫ͫһ۱㿴
೯ķȥ¹Ҳ󣬺ȻضɽҡϵɫҰףҲ˲ʲôɢ
֣޷ѣȻֲȻģǾԸġ
ɫѿϵΪΪϵ̫ˣ̱Ժ󡭡
ܼμ˾֮λ
Ҫô죿
˾侲ˣʲôˣÿЩ뿪
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󻺻䣬뵽£һҡεĵϺȻƽ
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140 
ǾһѪϴ
ԨΪ׵һٴ£ĿؿԨûֱӿս
Ԩŵ̽ǣðǱ
Ϊ˲أǰűȻһս˾һߡ
µԨ̽һս
һս⣬иԷҪš˾ߵսʦһսС
˾˫ͫȾ죬̲ûжУ˵̵̶һЩøУⲢΪһսĸԴԴ̡
̣ôˡ
˾һַֻԼѪֹĸҪԨ̽¡
˾̲Ϊõѡ񣬷һս˻ԽԽࡣ
Ԩ˾Ƴӡ
̣У̲κ˴ߣһε˵̵ֱֱ֡
֪Уֻ
²ϷˣԨϽˣ˵ʵΪǿɵĺҲɲ
ԨսºȻ֣ͣĿԶֻ˵һļ˾ܹԤ֪ġ
һ仰ת뿪ˡ
ʱ˫ͫƳԾڻẉ̂¶һĨЦݣ·ڶԨƣ˵һὫ̴ȥ
µ뿪һ
Ԩĵ໤ẉ̂̽رڻУ۾˯ˣַ·ǻԡ
ûãǧսʦĶǡ
ĿԶ˵ڵϵԨ̣üͷ΢壬ѯʣʲô
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Ϲϵ˶ѹɱԾɽǣ½һµ
µ֮쾫࣬˼Ӱǰռ佨µźǲûܽӰУҲӰе
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˾һϣ˫ͫ˫ֺʮΪԸ
˵Ǽٵģڵϳǵ඼ǵ³ǵܺߣǶ޹ģԣԾϣػһƬء
ʹ޵ˣȻȴͨ
ǳźǣ˾ԸûеõӦ
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ڼԨԽԽãҲչ˵΢˲ҽ޷Ϊβ⣬̵κ֡
˾Զǣһοеʱ𺳡
һֱ˵̶ôôÿֺÿܵ޷˵ģֳԽ˽޵ĺÿ
˾ֱڿҲЩ㱣ʱ̵ĵһĲǡ̻ݣȴҲǡôÿѹԨ»ϲǣ뿴˫ʱģ
˾Ϊ󣬼򵥶Ԩ˵̵һãֻΪʲôֱڻͲ֪ˡ
ԨۿɼĿ֡
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صġ
ǵʱΪ˱̣¶˺ۣʧѪ࣬Ҫ˶
Ŀǰ޽⡣


141 
ڶӣѾòˣͬʱʧȥ˶ƿ
˾ıÿոݰǵΪҩ塣
˾ûж԰˵Ĳ²⣬հڵǻһ£ȻǵҪصǣȴҪ¡
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ʵϾΪҩ˾κ˶֪ж̫ӣõҩڵĶҽΣΨһҽģ˾ֻм˾˺λܹ
ǣ·ܡ
˾أ޷԰˵ʱտ޶ˡ
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˾۽޵ʹǶ˵̵ĺãҲԸţȴòš
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ǲʺϣǣ㲢Ǳѡеˡ


142 
˾ڰǵá
ιǳԹҩ˾Ϊ˲뿪
˾أհڵżֲˣ⽫죬·;ϾҽʦҩʦΪƣȴΪ
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½һ˾Ԩ£Ԩ³ȥˡ
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˾
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֪ԨһֱΪĦ֫ûио֫Ӳܡ
֪˾˵ҩڵ³ʱѾƹ㣬˾´ָֹκ˷ãûáǰʱҩ֪ĸãԾ˱нá
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˷׷׳˾̵ķһҲղĿˡ


143 
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ʱһ£ԨĿϣ뽫ӵ뻳ǹڼͣУֻܿ˾ߣȴԼҪʲô
ԨԼһɿ̵һ̶ԼҪʲôĿ뿴̡
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146 
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147 
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148 
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ʱԨѾ뿪СɽԶԶܹһСС
ŶǣӶ顣
ԨſԼԨ£̵ͷ˿ԼԭһϮȾѪҺɺΪɫԵǡ
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ѯʶ˵ݺ̺ԨɹС
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150 
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Ԩѯʣôˣ
̵ֻǸоһμ˾ĺ
Ԩסһְֻ棬̲û鼮Ԩһۣ鼮úãԨԼһֻ֣顣
鼮תƪƪ
ʲô
ƿص÷ʽһ֡
ڹۿⱾ鼮֮ǰΪ˿⣬ս
ֱڻǵã֪ԶսʱǾ㵵ģٿ鼮ϵ֣ر
һμ˾дǧǧΪһ֣Ϊķ߶ƿ
ͬ˶뷨ͬһЩûܳΪٵŲûܹΪơ
ҲһЩȤţǻԶӵжż
Щ˵Ϊһ֣ģԳΪżĶԴҲɨ
һֺսţܹٿʱܹʦͨضսҲǻѣΪһְ߼ٺս
ְߴǺսӡ
̣
̽һֿ飬ˡ
̴ӲǺսߣһ棬ȷʵһѧıսҲֻѧս
һμ˾Ĳٿغ󣬵һѧģ
ڱϺӵ޷Χƹ㣬ң˵ƣǽ˵ʹתƵ
ԭ޷ΧʹãǿдΧʹãʹĪ˺൱˰١
һμ˾ڵǸսƵ۳սսֻܾȲˣȴ޷ˣؿһλһλϧȥȫȻһѧƵķ
ЧȡӦȴ㹻ˡ
ٴ̾һμ˾
鲢ֻһʱܷꡣ
ȻҪеڻͨȴҪ£
Уһμ˾ν̵ࡣ
յһμ˾˵ʱҪҲٿķʽɼѣѧϰĹ̡
һμ˾鼮дѧģһ֣ʳȱʦͨѧĶĵڶֲٿطʽǣֵء
ֵһǳ츳ֳʳƷ඼ǳá
̣
̷ҳࡢֵصĽ̳̣ڱȽǿ
ѧǷܾȸˣ
ԼʮҳңҵģĽ̡̳
һҳĵһУһμ˾дһ仰κʱ̣ԵĻϣʹ
仰֮ģĽ̡̳
ģҪĵطҪģ壬ڳתƶ˲ͺʱһһ
ԽǿܳܵʹԽ࣬ЧͬҲǳãһ˺
ΣַʽԱ˺
̽ϵ鼮һֻ̯ƽâĴ
Ҫ۳̳˵壬ѡ
յһμ˾µĽ̳̣ʺϳΪģʵڶûʲô˼·ĻǾͳ۳һԼȻѡʵڲУһҲԡ
ȶһ
̰鼮ϵĽ̳壬Ҫ۳С͵ʵǣ۲
Щ١
Ԩסһֻ֣ѯʣʲô
̲ûлشԨ仰ʣǲǺܱ
Ԩüͷ΢壬Щɣ˵ǣ𣿡
ĬĬԨƬ̣ԼִԨĳĬĬ
Ԩеί
̰ֻ̯ƽ۳塣
⣬ľͷžȼյ
֪һԨҪҹ
һˣЩΧߣ˵һЩοĻһ˵ǸԨĲֵϲԸͣΪ
һ˵Ҳˣ⿴ߣ˳չһҲӦõġ
壬Щ룬Ԩ
Ԩǡ
̳룬ԨȻΪǿˣĲٿشﵽһμ˾һ㣬ûпϴӮԨ
ǣΪʲô룿
ΪʲôҪܣ
һˡ
ҡҡͷ뷨׳Ժǡ
ܴӮԨĻƺҲܺá
ȻⲢص㣬صҪ۳塣
̽עϣȻ֣֪۳˰ƴС壬СԼ


151 
̿ϵԼЩӡ
Ⲣڵǰ˾䱻С࣬üȴ֮ڳ죬Ǽ
룬Һûصڣ˿۳Щá
ǻΪۼ˾
أϵ顣
£ôȶ
̱Ϊ˵һεľٴӦòѣҪ۵ڵģ򵥵İ£ͷңɴ桭
뷨ģʵпᡣ
˵ģڵһ۳̳Σ˵۳ģԼû۳
һתۼʱȥˡ
¶ףһڵӶԹ·
ͶһһŮٴԨǵĶͬУܾ뿪ˡ
ʱֿԨһۡ
𲢼ߵѯʣԨԴͲ
شеСôÿԸԭˡ
ʣϲ
ҡҡͷ˵˵ϲ˵ǶԺÿ͡
ͬеһλŮͷΪֻϲÿˣһرÿˣֱڻû޳ȥ
һ˽нԶ
һҹδߣԾϵܶڵһ۳ȶ۲
Ԩ˽ѯʣҿ⣬Ҹͽȥ
̵ҳȥ
̾һֹͣϵΪһѴ϶Һ
̼򵥲ϴԨ£Ԩվߡ
̿Ԩһۣ˾ܽԨǽµģԥ£ûƶλá
Ԩʱǰһ࣬ԡ
̵Ҳԡ
Ԩá
˳ԹԨ̽Ϣ
̵ͷķȥȻԨס
̻ͷĿɻؿԨ
Ԩ˹ڼ䣬Һþûкúÿˡ
̣
Ԩժ̵ĶңĿӡ
Ԩһֻḧ̵գƤ𪣬ԵµĺȦΪԣû˯𣿡
Ԩ˵ͬһʱ䣬̵ҿ㡣
֮һľĬ
ԨãúϢ
̵ǣֻҹû˯á
һĬͬһʱ俪ڡ
Ԩֻḧ̵գ֮ľԽԽ˴ܹظоԷĺ
˴꼸ҪʱһǸˡ
Ԩ۽޵ʹŨܵĽëסݳС
ﲢû˯£鷭۽̳̣Ԩ˯ˡ
̳ųķֿۣ鼮ǲۣҲǲֻǲġ
ĵһֱŽƸУֽƸʱ̸еȣҪ
⣬Ԩֵٲ˯ҾͶ顣
̷鱾ɺãϱӣۣһǳɣرˡ
һδߣ̼Ǳ۾˯ߣ˯ǰ룬Ԩܸһľͺˡ
ϣҪвͺˡ
֪ǣԨ˫սȭָ׻ġ
Ԩ˵һ˲䣬ͺˣ֪̿־ηʱ̵״̬࣬ڶദʱʱʱܸо̶Ŀ־塣
Ԩв̣ԡΪáϵв
ֻҪв̾ͻеηǡ
ò˵رһס
Խ֣ΣձԽࡣ
ԨڴּݳУ·ͷޣڵ³¼֮ǰֻҪԨὫ֮նɱڵ³֮Ԩʶһ㣬֮ӵв֮Ե
ȻҲ޶˳ԾǷǳײеġ
ʱ㹻˳ôҲʱʱ޳ˡ
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׽Ҳʵ
ǵ֮Ե֣ʱɢǿѹЩ֪޼״׷ըëȻҲһЩΪʵǿ޻ᳯԨԨЩ޾Ȼ˯̣ٶȽЩޡ
Ρ
εԼ壬ѾĿŵˣڵĿ겻۳Լһ壬ʲôɴǸƣҪ۳ľһ
鼮ϵһμ˾Ľ̵۳壬һܳصҲǳޣȻԽԽá
һֱȻָ׸ǴССˮ۲
ģۣץ
ѣ۳һָ׸ǴС塣
Ҳɺϣһֻ˵ȸ̴㳢һģƵķʽȸϵˣʱȻ˴󺰳ǧ۳ˡ
̣
Ȼ˫ͫо˶Щ״̬
ߴ޺ϸϸȥǶ
˵Ǵӣסǡ
̾˵ʮˣһӣ
ڲԶľ룬˸кԨǿܣܣ
ԾɰղٶǰС
ԨûлӦǴԽԽĽкǾһԽԽ
Ӧ⵽Σˡ
෺۵̫ѨԾЩѣĳһֱԺ
ò۳壬Ȼˡ
Ľк˫ͫãؿϿգܸоﲻԣǵﲻԡ
ʱ˿̣ܱյĿռ侹ƮŶʮ塣
£һֻ֣Щ峯Ʈǳȶ
ָ˴ûƣе档
գգۣҵĴࡣ
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ˡ
Ҫ˼ĲЩ򣬶Ҫһˡ
⡣
ԨһԽԽ
ǴԼɵĽӶ飬һӶԸѹסǣսʦǷսһЩʵŮѾץ
𱻼λսʦҪӣȴ޻ᡣ
ǾʱԨԽԽ
ӶУһλӺ۾Ԩ𣿡
Ӷ´ԨһЦ𣿺Ǻǡ
һ˵õǿΣüǮ
ӦûˣͲ֪ʲôģ
ڼ˵ʱƿȥ
ֵ̳һɲǣ·ʱ䶼ֹһ㣬뿴̣˺
̺֪ط֣ƺ˯ͿˣǴˡ
νˣҪǽǰ
սȦ


152 
Ԩס̵󣬲߹ȥ
ĿɻؿԨԨ˵㿴ûϢáȻĿⱻԨڵĻˡʲô˵ţһֻһֻһ£Ȼ顣
һ£˦Ԩ֣ԱŲĲٿ·𾪹֮һ㵽Ԩһξ롣
Ԩü
̸оԼ̫Сˣ򣿻߷򣿡˽׵ȷʵԳ֮Ϊ
ԨûжЩû̫ȤϢ
ڶ˽̸䣬ӶӶ˷׷׻ع
˼˼òŵĿ⿴̣Ƕ֮ǰΪο˼˼˵̳ÿ϶˵̵ģֻһۡ
˼˼һֻסŮӵ̵֣Ŀޱȡ
ˣûˡ
˼˼һַֻŵԼؿڣоٶȣûˣĸо
ӶһλӷһЦԨʹ𣿡˵ţ˫ͫض̿
˭֪ԨôģӶ̿һɲǣӵ˫۷졣
ҵʹӷ˼ļУ˳ӿȥŷӵ˫۾Ѫ
Ԩһֻס̵۾𿴡䣬˫۷
룬µĿ϶Ԩ
ӶŶ˵һۿԨʶʱֻΪǳ쳣С꣬һνΪƢһѾ⣬ȴδֶΡ
ʵǿһ棬һǲ̡
κһڶ˽йʱܹġ
ԨñĿɨˣлɫɳۣЩӶеûüֱӱɳɡ
Ӷ˿һĻûסֱ˳
Ԩƽǣ̵ǿǿнڣ£ּ֮
ԨַӶˣֱԨ뿪ǲżǾȻԨжǵľ֮
ӶĴɨۣһصѪȡ
һλսʦһѻЩߵʬճɻңӶųǾ뿪Ѫζ̫أǻޡ
һ̸·
˻䵽ǰԾɸе
Ǽ꣬Ԩ꣬ȴǵһμ
ϿƽȻ˫˫ͫƺ֮ѪŰһλǳµֻ꣬˸еëȻ
ѹסĵĿֲ䵽ߣλ̹ӣʵλ̰ɣ
£÷ǳһѾĿ⿴
СҲǺˣôµ飬ˡ
˵̣˺ü̵Ļᡣ
һ˵ȷʵҲ̹ӵĻᣬеѾ㹻ÿȴ뱾˸
˵̵òʱԴԨ˲ǵĿ־塣
һλŮ̵뵽̹ͬеλΪԨСӣҾ͸е£ҺûͬС
һһƬĬ
Ƭ̺һλӵԨСӶ̹ӳռԸڡ
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λֵܸоǶ࿴̹Ӽۣ´ǵ۾һܱס
ڳˣ
ȻԨʵǿһ̣ڳң̺ԨûͬС
̣ԨͲôǣ˭סأ
˵ʵǺԼûš
ðɣһ˵ǾǶԼûš
ֻһתתƵԨϡ
ǲ²ԨݣΪʲôСС꼶ʵôǿ
ΪʲôǴû˵һλţ
˵ӵʵֶٻᴫȻȴûС
Ǵδ˵Ԩ֡
֮˲²⣬Ԩӵʵ˵ˣǲײб壿
˵Ԩ˵ܺ⣬ǳ˵ܣԽԽǿȻǿʵꡣ


Ȼɺ޴ڡ
ǵԨ̵Ķˡ
һϪգ̳ŽŷˮԨԱߣһӸȷ硣
ԨǣվȡҴͷϡ
̽Ŵˮó˫Ųڵϣһɴһˡ
Ӷųˣл˲ǰľ֮˵ţĿʱʱسΧȥ
Ԩ˵ѯʣǶƺкܶˡ
ӶֱΪԣܴ࣬޷̽õĴֻܼ򵥵ͿĨҩ֮мªİΣ˵̫࣬ҩԶԶһЩ޷ͿĨҩֻܼ򵥵ò˿ڣ⵼¶黹в˵˿ԾѪ
ԨһڼΪκơ
ԨñĿ⿴Ӷˣ֮ǰһս֮ǰԨĿ˵ʲôһս֮ȫë
Ӷ̽ϵĿ˻ΨԨһˣǷӦʱʲôƲˡ
ԨĿ£Ӷų΢ЦԨСӣǽֻСˡ
ԨǺ𰸣̾ӶųĲӣ˵ûκˡ
Ԩ̣֮ǰҲû˯ãٻȥ˯һɡһѯʾ˵˿϶䡣
̿ԨҲ
Ԩ
̣
룬һԨΪ֮󣬻һԨΪ
Ϊһ£Ĳ
Ԩס̵󣬽ӶһЩΪԨ̵Ŀ̫ǿˣΪԣҪֲֹҡ
˦Ԩ֣ûɹ㲻ңҲҡ
ԨĽŲȻסڳĬƬ̺һڲס۵׵ı壬㣬Ҳ㡣
ڼ䣬Ԩܸоܽ꣬Ψ̿ʱŸеİȻˣһɽȴʼջ֮ȥ
żǳߣܸоεʲô˫ʱȴʲôǵˡ
ԨҪйһɷ꣬ҪƻһУ̶ţʲôҲ
Ԩɿ̵
̿ӶųǶ˭˱ȽأҿΪơ
Ӷ£˳Ŀ⿴һλԾѪӡ
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̵ǣڵƵĻ޷뿪
ͫȻĿ㶵ؿ̡


153 
ʱ䣬̵ĸִŴЩ˶˵һ١
٣Ȼӵ
Ƕо˵˿ڡ
֮ʶؿԨ
֮ǰԨ̵ΪԾؿӡǵԺУǸǣԨദһԶԨԶ̣Ȼһһͬʮֵܡ
λԾѪ¶һĨǰЦݣңûϵҡ
λӽ˵꣬Ӷųһٴ˾Ⱦҵֵܣ
Ԩ÷·˶Ŀ⿴Ӷų
Ӷ˶ԨĿ⣬볯̾Ϲм˳̹
ԨĿԽˣЩ˶ǸʲôȻҪΪƣ
ŲЩˣǸоʲôƫͷԨ
̿Ԩһ˲䣬Ԩɭ֮˲仯ޣԾǹȥ߸˪޸ģ֮ڡ
Ԩѯʣôˣ
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Ԩޱ飺֪ˡ
ĿԨӦ
Ԩ治ɫĿɨӶһֻۣоɱǣ
Ӷˣ
˾ˣǹɼʵʻɱⲻԨ˵ôǣ
ر뷴Ȼң·ǵһʵʲô˵
̲ûϸ£һλڵϵŮӣʣʵȪˮ顣
ŵһһվвĿԵؿ̡
һɴǿ̵òʱ˿ȴһ
ţ䡢òΣһϳΪ٣ٱΪȺ˵Ľ㣬һִ̣ſ϶ģҲȻ١
ڿò£Ϊʲôܻ鲻ԽҪ
λԾѪӿʼ̵һΪơ
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˫ָŰ˿ڵĲ˵Ĳλ͵İɫâۣ˲λֹס˴ѪͬʱǿɫŴ˵ĲλһɫŽɫչ۳Ψһ·ɫ˳һůɫ·뵽һУ˲䣬ѣѺɫС֮ңȻԾʣ֮һЩʣĺɫų̵ķƶȻɫٴνɫ˵ڶ
ڶû飬Сࡣ
һĻ˽ˣһЩٵĴŲǼٵġ
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һֱдţӵΪĲʹʱеȫƣתƣԷĲʹתԼС
ûĻЩΧתƺΪ̳н˴ۣ
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˼ʱ˵˴תƵУԭΧתĽӽʮֻʣ
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ǣΪһƣӿʼ˶ʱ䣿
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Ǿ㵵ĿУԺúñ֤壬Ԩǿ»ص
ֹ죬ӶŻع񣬶һЩ˳ķܳźж˵Ҫر̣Ȼȴûͣ¡
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˵ǻʲô̵ܹģǴžǶˡ
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ΪҪ̵ߣҪӵԨǿߡ
Ƭ̵ĳĬ̹ӣĺ
һѾĿ⿴֮ǰԨʱһΪԨΪԨΪԨҴǽģӾֻˡ
ǸԨСȻʵǿǿžûƺụ̂Һõ۸̹ӡ
ڳˣбۿѾ²ˡ
Сһ㣬ǿһ㣬ǲǾ̹ߵŮˣ֪ڻûϣ
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ЩֱˣΪӶų֮ŮȲЩС㣬ĳԴöһ㶼ЩСʱС㻹ҪԽĹﾹһҪ˵ŮһھԼ䲻䣬㲻仹һ£
һλŮӵңϵİûˡ
˿λŮӡ
Ůӵ֮ǰҼ֣ȫ¶˰̣ҽʦȴҲûа취֮ǰ֮ǰ̹ΪƺЩ̶ʧˡ
⼸Ѿˡ
ڶݵĳĬ󣬶˵ǹĳɼƺҲˡ
˫˶˵һμ˾Ӧ˾С㣬ֻǳС㣬ҿֻ̹ʺϡ


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һ˾ʳԽԽ
򣬹ȥĵط̵Ļ˶С
˱Ź״̬Щùҩ˻ûзùҩǲһʱùҩ˵״̬
ȷϼùҩһԷһǽвҩˡ
ѯڼй̺ԨϢ
ϢȻеġ
ԽԽӽʳǣĹ̵ϢҲԽԽ࣬Ѿ̳Ϊ١
ƺһеμ˾ŵ˷ֱ𱧳ŲͬĹ
Ϊٳν̶ʵ顣
˾ǱŲͬĹӵǣûϴ£ֳνƺǶٵĲ
𲢲ֳνȽ̺ԨĿĵ
ǲ֪ȷеλãӶ֮һ·ͼûʲôĻ˵ĿĵӦǻʳǡ
ϣ̶˻ǻҪؽʳǡ
˾üͷ΢壬˵ԸĻܹ¸ˣֻЩСׯˣиеȴԮˡ
Խ˾ദ㷢֣˾ĶбԽࡣ
˾˵ΪҪƣӵָȴƲԼ
ƫģСڼ˾ߣԸ˾ԼΪЩˣദĶ̶һʱ䣬ͬԸԼΪЩʶˡ
ԣ˾
һƽҪΪȸˣΪ۵
˾ãһûס˾ȻôΪЩЩʲôԼ
˾࣬룬Ȼ
ࣺȻʲôʸҪˣ
˾ҪȻУΡ
ࣺΣ˱˼ҵĴ𣿡
˾жҪΡ
ࣺƾʲô
˾㲻Ҫȡ֡
ࣺв
¹һֻ죬ŭؿ¹顣
˾ִڳ˿Ŀɿڴڶˡ
ǵ֪Уڣ񣬼оҵ˵ˣ˵ǽԼ׸Ŀܡ
ǵһΣǷЩҲġ
˾¹Щ˾ˣȴСġ
΢Ŀ⿴࣬һ룬¹鲻ס죬˾ţ˻᲻Ͷ֣
ųʲôģ
ȭȼϳͷ䣿
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΢Ŀ£ŻعԼ˵Щʲôͨ죬һ˫󿴿ҿת˳ȥ̫ˡ
¹鴽һĨÿЦݣ˳ȥ
ûס۵һЦǼʶˣԭžҲǻᳳܵġ
˾ǣ֪кοЦġ˵ţ˳ȥ


154 
Ԩ̶˾ԽԽˡ
ʱϰ̶ĲٿԽԽ˲۳Լһٸ򣬲ÿһܹܵ˺ܱ̽ƳʮǸÿһԼȭͷССȴǳʵǳǿ
ǳźǣԵһ۳̱Ҳ޷۳ˡ
мأĳõģ޷ġ
һЩ˵Щҩˣʱ䣬ʮڵĿƣʮϵı޷ƣɫ޷סɫŻ̵С
ʮ죬ļޣҲܸļޡ
̶̲µʱ䣬Ԩֻһ
ʼһСһԨûж˵뾡Լܵض̺ãϣõһС
һ·ǰУǽһСׯСׯǾʳһСׯ
·УȥϢ㴫ݵκεط峤̵֪ݣŻŵؾۼ˴зҩʮˡ
ڽСׯƺú󣬶뿪Сׯ
ԽǿʳǣԨԽǱꡣ
ͣ·һªݴϰΪϲ裬½½˲ٿˡ
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155 
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156 
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һЩԼǰƿŪһϼ˾·
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ˡ


157 
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ҽٵĴ½Ϊϼ˾ϣǣ仺ϼ˾һֱںתú
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Źϵһźɫŵ£ĵָ±ֱյ˲յ˻ҡ
£ֻϵˮԼҽ֮ǰЩҽȷʵһʵĲյ

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룬ֵܣȴȫ෴ˣΪֳ±ϿԸᣬΪܵܵԸϲ۸˵ħ֡
Ĳ£̸ֽƬ̣һͬԹ̴ص䡣
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Ŀɻؿ̣ʱѾˣΪʲôʱ侹Ҫһµѣ
ɻѯʣͷΪ𣿡
ͷ϶롣ΪٵžԲǺõţܹ飬֮Ŷ̫ˡ
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֣صͷСʮأÿһλٶǧѡģ֪ܳΪٵĿԷǳã
ǣϻһûʲôȻϵɣ
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һֱ÷ٻǳСΣлԼָ⣬ȾѪʳָдģ淢һһ֮ǰٻ
˿ֿ̣˿ɢſɲϢ
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ڽ߽һɲǣ̱о޷ٿص
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㯣Ӧãɣ뵽ͬļλŮѧʱʹ⣬õվڸߴµӣԼһġǣˡ
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һλò£ͶĶ˵Ůӵ˵㽫سǣҺͼλõһʱӭˡ
µһлĿһת̣ɣΪǽһҵδ¡


177 
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˵ΪЩӭ˽δʱһܵš
˳ָķ̡
µ̶
̣
˲ΪȺĸоһɹԼ⡣
̲ǵһαΧۣΪÿòټݣǰֻһעӵĿꡣ
ձЩ˿ʱ㲻ϲ͵ҲԲǼҪͻʵ⡣
ǵģ⡣
˶⣬вѺõӡ
µ̶
̣
鼫ȸӣʲôԭǵĳƺ˾Ŀʼڴ֮ǰһֱƺΪ̹ӡһ̶ֻ˽£Ŷ˵Ĺϵиı䡣
üͷ΢壬ǣֻߵߡ
סһֻ֣ǣ̣ҵδޡ˵ţһһΪ̽ǰļλˡ
µĽܣԽظо˶ĵ⣬ڣû˵µ̸Ź飬Ǹµ𾴡
һ̵Ľܺ½Ҫ̻ĸףԼ´ԼǰĻ˺´̳߳
µĲ߳ɱ˵ĻҪǧΡ
߳һ
кҪ߳ʱ΢Цһ߳
к£еҲҲҪ͸һ𣡡
µȥ
п˿ֿ̣˿粻ƫģƾʲôȴҸţ
޹ʶס̵ѣֲõԤС
ЦᣬֱסֵĿҪ͵еС
ʱס̵½ɿ̱ƶµ֡
֮ǰĳŵܵҪͣеȫ˵ߣǶ˵Ҫ֣ʵȴǽץס̵½󲻿֡
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̵½һСľͱˡ
£ͷԼƻѡ
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һȳ˵֮ǰſڼǸˣǴ̣
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Ҳ֪ʲôHֶΣ¹ӶԴ


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룬ʱ˿ųκģǶǧִʾ
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µãȴҲԶûдﵽΪտĳ̶ȣ֪Ϊô
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Ĵˣ߳ʻٶȲ죬ӳԼʻӣ߳ͣ¡
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ǣ̵һֻ֣˵ǰʺˡ
һλʮҵӣ߷ȴ°㰮Цͷдƣɼƽʱһλĳߣ̡
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˵һǲģô컯֮»һѣ
¹Ӿˣֱ޷̣
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Сȥ밲´̡ԼյСȥ˿;ӡ
С귽ڿ;ӹļλ۹סһ̡ͨ
֪ǲ¿ⰲţ̺סڿ;Ӳͬĵط
һ˾סڿ;Ժӡ
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ʶҪ̷ֿһ˫Ǿʧ롣
СҪ̻УλŮѹס
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178 
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˻һĨЦݣ£ֻҪǵüɡ
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ı졣
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·̶֮һƬĬֱС˵ĵŴһݰ
ԱȶʱСʱ̬º࣬г֮Ա
ɾие̡
֪Ƴ谮Լĸףֻȫѡ
֪ܻãôʱһֳ裬ֻǳȴǰΪʱ
˶ԣҪ˵λãǳӣУпޡ
ԶǣǰѰʦ޹ľҲֲʱȥѰҡ
¶Ҷ̫Ҫˡ
֪׻ܾΪĸ׻ͬ⣬ϾСĸ׶ûκΣȴҲǳֱ
һ䣬˶˵һѰϵʦ¾Ϊðա
ʱвŵһʶ۳裬ȴֻαļ
˽²ջ۳еͷ
۽޵ʹס۵׵ĳ
˵뿪һղ˼ǣڻˡ
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һ˾ԽԽ
ٵʱ˵£뿪ʱ诶ÿն㣬һʱ䣬ȥ
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пһۣջĿ⡣
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˴ʱʱڽд㲻òһСΪۡ
ʹ֣еǧԽ诽ӵ
Խ䲻С㣬ȴһаСı׼
гˡ
˵ӣ请ִʱ֪⻹⣬ԭɡ
ƫ̻诣΢Ц˵ӣΪҪŮӣҪ诡
ԭһϲ诣˵͸ˡ
ĿһᣬŽġ
΢ЦӦš
˵û뵽ǰ޵Ůô󾹳Ư
ͷˣüۼЦݲãͯ棬ĸף˵𣿡
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е诱㣬Ҽǵú͸뿪ʱ诱Ƥܺڣ۾С촽ʺ糦ʱ诱ͳƯ𣿡һ档
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һֱвԸȴΨʱһµͨ
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诵ݴհᵽϣоǳУΪĸǰ˺൱עԼУá
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µĸף׸þõˡ
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Ӧһǡ
䲻ȱһλʦڣȷʵͦá
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΢Цѧϰ
̣ѧϰ
е̸ȿ
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ٴѯʣСǺ⣿
е֮ǰ˵ˣҪѧ
̿У˵
еһҪΪẉ̂һҪΪŵ꣡
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ΪɫĴڡ
еһΪɫˡ
ĵӦûҪȴһ䣺ΪΣ
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У̸磬㲻𣿡
û˵˵벻룬˵úȻҪȥ
úĽһ޳һ޳ˡ
еҿԴȥһΡʲôʱͲһˡ


179 
жһ鼮뿪ˡ
̿鿴û˯վ򿪴ӣһ󺮷紵ࡣ
ֽҳ뵽˷˵Ļ
죬˵ȷʵɹΪ˾䲻һ㣬ľ޸һȴǳر𡭡
ݷ֪Ҳǳʶ
û˵ʦ˾ʱܼǿͬ˾ǿȡ
ͬ˵ľͬ
Щ˵ľͷ·һŴĴһ飬Сᰱ֡
ЩˣǿʵǵľȶΪ츳ΪǾΪ̣Ԩ¡
ǰӵǿʵǺ֢ȴ̫࣬ͬӵǿʵι̣㽵ա
շ˵ľʱӲι̶̳ࡣ
ǰ̴û˵ʦ㡣
һ·̣ѯһ⣬Ϊⱻ֪̱㲻ᡣ
˵ֱ˸ԵĿռ䣬Ȳ˵˽ܿռ䰲ȫǷ˼ӣһ涼ѡ
ΪӣݵʲôȴҲ𾴣ֻǡ
Ϊӣûɡ
룬Ҫһ棬ƺѡ
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ųţ̿һϤСӰ̱볯̳̱һλŮ¡
ҪԺӣȴŮ
һһСһȳŶҲ֪⺮е˶ãСͷͮͮ
̵˶ã
һŮ±һֱūȰС»ȥϢС²ϣִҪǡ
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Ů̹ӹȻ紫еĺòѹ±ϲ
̣
Ůҽ诣Сס˵±Ҫд㡣
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ܾо诶ѵĵ⣬ŮӶ˼ģͷͬˡ
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˵
˵Сദʱ飬ҲίرµİĽ֮顣
̾ʱʱ΢Ц˵÷Ǻá
˷㣬ѯǷҪܾͣ̾ˡ
诵ͷ뿪
̻ص̽ԵĽ֪ų
Աĸַʩ֮֮޲罵;ӣǷ빥硣
粢֪̽
ﻹĿ;Ӷѱôķ̵ĸ֪Ҫ;ӣһ̽Ѱĸ֪ûԽ硣
úĸ֪ٴС̽ѯסڿ;ӶԺʲô
һλŮͺԺӡ
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˫ͫĴת˼Ȧûκˣ˿ͿԷĿˡ
žžµ˵УܿޣҪǿ˵ţ˲ᣬһŰСȾīˮ֪
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뿪ûʹӲйȥĿ¡
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磬Ҷû
̵ѧˣͷŸ֪;ӣʲôˡ

Ҫѧ


180 
Ǻܴĺӡ
˵Ȥķѧʲô죬Ȥķѧʲô
̵̽ͷŸ֪һγԱɹˣֻܸ֪ķΧ̫СֻһС¥ܻԽԽõġ
ͷԼÿһʱ㽫֪ͷţ鿴ܹͬĲ裬ôʱոѧ
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ճһʱ䣬̲źһͬ뿪
ĵһ죬û˸
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ѧѧϰЩ鼮
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һҹֱ¶ǰʱ˯£ʱĸ֪ΧѾܹһԺˡ
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£ӳڣԵʯӣüͷ΢壬ʯŪ򵥳˼ڱҲԲˡ
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֪̽ջأ鱾
鱾ݿ﷦ζ̼㿴Ҳĵطѧ̶ʵ̫ˡ
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򵥵ģҪһʳﶼС
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һǰһΪʦսʦ϶ֺܸߣͺõĹϵˡ
ԼһǰҶ֣ⷢԺѵĸ鲢ֵ飬Ů֮顣
һ˵ȥѶûҶ⽫ԼĸֻؿźߵԽԽÿڻݴС
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¶һĨɬЦݣ粻ĻŶ


182 
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185 
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186 
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190 
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ӶȼȣŮѯӶ¥עϢõ˷񶨵Ĵ𰸡
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ŮڱԵԶۿڽһԡ
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ۼ·ûĻִؼŵһʯͷСܲһż֮£ֱӽСŽ͵˵ʯͷǰ

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ίˡ


191 
ۿҶ˲æԼҶⷴӦѸٵҪ㵽ҶָоҶҲɿܵʦӻ
ʦҶⳤȻҶ⡣
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뿪»ص̯λǰСɻѯʣΪʲôСֱӼǣ˵ǲ˵ҪͶȡɿûнݾߡ
ŮӿŸһֻðͷ̬ȼصΪʦ

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룬Ϊӵʦ޷˵ľʦûκǰ;ġ
̾޽ݾߣȥӶˡ


192 
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ӶҥһλԼСȴԳΪǿսʦ˿
߱ӶӶĺ飬ʵûκӶܹҵĺӡ
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194 
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196 
룬Ҷ֮ᣬ֪ô͡
ˣ죬ҲûҪ͡
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ԣʹѵƾʲôߣ
ڶݵľ㵺ǲɫؿУȴûдϲŭ
ҶŮõĲˮ۽ǳһڣڲ

һֱΪӦǼദĽСүȴû룬ƺȴ濪࡭ȻҲܽαװļѡ
ͲɫҶһҶ⿴˿ֿ̣˿УӵʣУǣ
˼Ҫ˵ʵ
£Ҳû˵ѵıҪϾס̵ȻҲסңҲûıҪ
пҶ⣬̸硣
л䣬һƬž
˫΢΢ݣҶԣǴ̣
еͷ
Ҷ⣺컯̣߳
У
̣
ҶÿĿ⿴̣˶𣿡
̻شҶ˵ʦҲĿǰΨһһλСүϵʦ
Ц̸õʦ
Ҷһмʲôʦ֪Կ϶϶Ǳ̻ҪõʦʦûȱٳԴģ̹ΪСүϵʦǲ㣬Ȼȴĵܵһڷԣҹ
̵ǣʱܳȥģҲ֪
еͷ̸ȷʵ֪Ҳܳȥġ
Ҷͷã͵Լ͵͵ܳȥģһ첻ԣȴʵ
̣ûУҡ
ҶҡҡͷҪҽ޷ϣᣬΪСүʦȻʳȱȴƭ׵ĵܵܣѳԼһûԷҲϸԡ
̣
̸оЩͷۣ˵ȷʵԴȻΪµĹϵ˲ϲټϴ²岻Ĺϵ˼ޣʮŮ˾ŸĽ£һĽµµĳף;ӸʳĶŮĬ£Ĳá
ҶȻϲĵܵܣͽңһ׵ܵչˣ
üһֻҶ⣬ܵ˵ˡ
Ҷ˫ͫС
е֪ˣ𣿡
Ҷⲻ˵
е˵ҶС˾򡣡
Ҷ⣺
УԣҶС֪ܣ𣿡
Ҷһţ⻰˼ƺ
֪ܣ
ǣ֪ܣѵӦý⺢ӺúÿݲκΣգ˵һ˳ţ
Ҷ⼴Ӳܼ£ȴҲ֪Ҷÿһλʦսʦʦ߳Ҷʱжʮλ
˵벻ӦãҶΪҪ̶˵ֵҪߣһΪܹӹսʦľһΪ䡣
Ҷ⿴ûмӹսʦʦӵ츳ȻܸߣҲľ
޼֮
ҶңڸڣҶٻλսʦҪţҶ֮֮Ȱ˵̫ΣգִҪȥҶ˵ûɳһλ汣
ǣԲӣû˱ܶһܳȥ
˵ҶⲻţҶеʱͬе˾
Ҷ룬ܵġ
֪ܹӹսʦľ򣬾ԴΪ˵ʲô
Ҷ⿴Ҷ
Ҷ֪Сүָܣʲô
룬ڲǰҲ֪ܣʵֱǰΪ̻⣬Ҷֵܶ˵ķӦ
˵ġ
ܹӹսʦľ
пµսȭϵЦûκα仯һЦʼڿҶ⣬ҶС磬ľ򡭡
Ҷ⿴У˫ͫӡ
еɹӹ𣿡
һ̣ҶҶԺֻһͷ֪оȻ֪
ǣǾ֪£
΢ЦĿǰΪֹֻ֪ܵˣͷλ粻Ҫ¸֪ˡ
ҶУô֪СүǷżСӵǸͣ
˼£һΪѵⲻðɣ
Ҷֻһ˵ѯʣôСүǷǵŴŷأ
ѯʣǽ𣿡
Ҷ˵Ǻϵ
еżԡ


һ򵥵ĽҶҶ˻л뿪
˵ʲôö˸еźĻֱߣû۾
˳ֱ߳ڣԾɸ㲻Ϊʲôɱܳ治ʲô
ڰγĬҶ˵˹ؼ㣺һֱ֪ġ
ҶĿɻҶȴ
Ҷ֪ر𣬵һֱǰӦúд˽ףҽ֪֮С
ҶͫȻϸǰ󣬸оҶ˵رе
ҶңĿǰΪֹӦֻһ֪֮
Ҷüʦ
Ҷͷ
Ҷ⣺˵ļǳª
Ҷ̾
Ҷ⣺֮ǰ̾رʦֻеľȻʱ֮뷽跨ĥ
Ҷ˵
ҶԽԽôһ£Ҳϲ̣
Ҷֵ˵е̶Ư𣿽һͨ۶ѡ
ҶûסСſſſ˵̵ĻԽ˵Խо̱̿˿̱ѹֳҲ̱Ҷ磬ҵ۸
ҶҡͷӦòˣСү۸ġ
Ҷϣˡ
֮һĬ
ҶǸӺ̣ʶ˲塣




197 
Ҷ뿪п̻ʱʱຨ˯
Ҷ˵ķӦб֪ܹӹսʦľ
Ŀǰóۣһλսʦ򣬲ҡ
ɹλսʦӹ˾
ɺ
̫ԼľܹӹˣȻȴʼղðա
ֻҪһ̤űصˡ
룬Ҫ֪
кڵҶжôҪǣ֪ôпܻὫ

ǣô죿
иоЩңеͷʹ
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ü£һʲô
̵ǵһθ򣬷һ֮ǰλҶСһλǶܰȫ
УⲻҲ᲻κ⡣
̵⡣
У˵̫ˡ
̵֮ͣҵĻҪ͡Ϊͣûа취˵ľ
гĬ£Һ֮䲢һ϶ȡ
̵Ҫ˲֪
üƺżӹҵľ򡣡
ḧͷĬ£Ϊ֪Ҫԣܹøá
У
кȻ뵽֮ǰ˵ʱ䷢ϵ顣
ΪȻסĲãʳҲ⣬ȴû¥ʹӾ֡
վ߰ɡ
̱վɻؿС
дһĨЦݣ棬ȴַ·𼫾̣Ҽ;Щʹӡ
߳ã̸ϡ
Ȼеˣһԡ
̣
룬ʱٿǣǷ֪
-
Ҷ˻صҶ
ڶ˻صҶҶĵһµķչ
֮Ϣеȡ
ǿ̵ܵܵʵܳĻӡ
Ҷ⽫ԼȻΪʲôӻôˡ
˵ֻˣ䲻ֵܣİĹȣȱȫǵСľֻˡ
Ҷóۣ̫ɵˡ
ݵ飬뿪ҶȥӶ
ҶӶʱֻҵʹ
ǺʦȻȴ̣СҪ׬Ӹ򷹣
ʵ̫ɶˡ
Ȼ󡭡
ҶҶ΢Ŀ⿴˵С
Ҷͷ
뵽ʲôҶüˣ˵ǽ죬Ӷһͷǧ޳ûڱһСɵˡ
Ҷˣ
Ҷ̾Ǻӵңҿ϶ɲǧޣҲֻˡ
Ҷ̾һúӶǱ˼ҵġ
ҶǸС˭ҵģ£ֵҺûͷޡ
Ҷˣˡ
Ҷ˫ͫվҽ쿴ʱһֱţ˰ɣ
Ҷ˵ǸӶɵǧ޵С
Ҷ⣺ҿеӣӦûˣҺûû£϶ŵˣ̣ʵ̫ɶˣ
Ҷ˵ǸС
Ҷ⣺
ҶҶ⣬ԣ˵Ӷɵǧ޵ľôܣ
Ҷ˵ͷ
Ҷһţʦ
Ҷ˵Ҳе˼飬ȷʵʵԼһ˿ڣֵͺû˵սʦľܹӹһ㣬֮治УܡǸǱֳ谮ĺӰɣҡ豭·Żϣ죬ң⺢Ҳһʦ
ҶоҶ˵رе
ҶҸ˵
Ҷ˾Ҷ˵ı
Ҷϲ£ҶŭһִֻϣǸֱ̼ɶ񣡡
ҶͬС
ҶҶˣĿǰΪֹӦֻк֪رޱҪòҪ⴫
䲻֪Ϊʲô֪֮ǡ
ֻҪֻ֪Ҫ֪֮ҶὫҶ
Ҷͬʱ˿Ҷ˼·ǣһѵ
βܸһѵ
ѧԺѧջʣʮ졣
ǵϢսʦγԶӣݷڰ޽ɱ
ŵһͷɱΪǧޣɱΪСкӶ¥ӶΪ̡󾭹֤ʵΪĿǰס
սʦõһ޵ݷ㣬ǧ⣬ڶǧ򼡣
ͷΧ׷½صսʦ˲أһͷͷնͷ­
ͷ޳ɹԴ󷢣˱ֻҪŶһȺսʦԾ˲ء
պĻ̡̻
˿ʼѲ飬ʮͷǵģ
ȷϵͷޣһɹɱͷ󣬺һ·ɱͷʣһͷԡѪѪģ
Լ⼸ͷӲ֣ȴ¥֤ʵȷʵݷǵֲںδ
·һ̱Σգ˸еǣǴ˻СܲٶС
ͬʱһϢǡ
˵ʱҶʮѰҵСǴɱǵһͷ޵
ЩϢȴҲס
Ҷ˵ҶᷢʮѰΪЩرһλʦȴֲͬͨʦ
Ҷ˵˵ƺܼӹ˵ľ
ҥ֮ԱǣԾԷһ̬뷽跨֪ʵԡ
ܿ죬˱˵ҶǼλ˾ۼھ¥һʱҶ˻أǻΪҶżߵ϶ȣǸҶС޲ŽҢ϶ȣܼӹսʦľ
δţǸ˶ҥɣ
治֪ҥ֪Ϊλҥ
˵ʲôرģֻһʦͬʱһλսʦ
Ҷ˳һ㣬һת㽫һϡ
Ҷ˵
֪ԭˣĻӡ
һϢʱЩ⣬СС;ܸɵǧޣɼ⺢ӵսжǿһʦ˵ͷˡ
о֣Ⲣڷ˶ĺøֱ½ţҲˡ
ȻǾҶ˵Ŀ֮
Ҷ˵ʦ츳ǿ̼
˵ͬסڿ;ӣȻµ۳裬еķݣһ˽¿;ӵзʳÿ춼Բů
˱ߵģЩԭ˵ݶϲ˸оЩ
˵ףᱻǱĴڡ
ӱϿݸ̣ȻȴԶԶ̣۸ˣҲֻܳܡ
ڷ˵ʵ̫ˣ治֪Ϊʲôϲˣ
Ҷ˵ͷµʱǹ⺢ģΪʦ֣ԾһںҹѰʳһСӶһҹ߶ǶôΣգ
ͬС
Ҷ̾һǸǼҵ⡣
Ҷû˵ǣÿ뵽飬оʹ޷Ҷ⽫Ҷô
Ҷ˿̾Ǹʱл֪֮Ҷȫܽˡ
Ҷ˵˵̱ˡ
зѯʣ˵һݰף飬𣿡
Ҷҡͷ˵һ̱ģȻҲǼ̱ġ
һλ˵Ҳ֪ʲôֶΣǰΪǺõġ




198 
ȥ˿;ӡ
Կ;еŮʹӶԣǵա
Ժӷ̵Ůʹڣ˶м˿;ӵĻ԰
һ˹£Ϊ˵е¼һʹںĶȫ亹ֱð
΢Цǣ̱վ
кЦ˫ͫɨһۣͷ΢ᣬãǹеŴʣ;˶𣿡ʶı鵽Ϊһ޺Сꡣ
;һλŮӦǣǵģСү
еͷЩ¥վ
¥ļλŮʹԤУǻĴȺ˳ȥ
Цݲ䣬ǵ֡
ǲΪʲôҪ֣еǲҲȻǰе˫ʱûκԤףǵֱնϡ
ٶȹ죬ûоʹǻعʱǵѱնϡ
ǵѪҺȾǵѣһЩѪдЦϡ
һƬžһĻһЩ˸е־壬̲סȴҷΨŭС
˼ɱͣʱ򲢲ҪɣΪӡ
пˣѯʣ֪Ϊʲô𣿡
û˸Ӧ
е̸ʲôϵ
Ծû˸Ӧ
ЦǺͨЦȴ޶˸еëȻ̸ҵʦΨһϵʦԣʲô̸̬ģ
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֪ǣͷ˲ϲ̡
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ΪģϾͷ˶ˡ
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Щϥվʹֻ£֮վŮӵн˿;ӻ԰Ĺˮء
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Ψһĵǣ᲻Ȼʱ̹עֻҪļһʱס۾
һգԿ;ʹӶգ˶սľ
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д뿪󣬿;һʹӱޣ־壬ȴҲͣϵĹ
ˮƯʬ壬ǽʬţһض֫˵һжΪ̡
ǵ̣ȴʵڹڶ񶾡


ܿ죬;ӷ鴫ûã˱˵顣
˽нй
˿ԾɴѪʱһָ֮߸̧֣ȻĿпƴ˫ͫʱֽ˰ա
΢Цĸף㲻ҪΪ˼ʹӴ𣿡
˷֣һΪΪ˼ʹ𣿡
룬ĸӦΪԼ
ü
еĸײϲ̸磬ΨһܹҵʦĸԾɲϲĸ뿴ĥĥܲԸҵľƻҵľĸԾĥ
ŭУ
ЦԽ棬ĸףΪʲôȻô˵뷨߳ŭ𣿡
һѹụָ̆˺㣿ֻҪҺ㣬Ҿ
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˻ػеĸףʵ诱ˡ
֣һȻвõԤС
е԰ĸ׵˵诱㣬ȥ诱ʯϣͷն˫֣ҲҶʲô𣿡
ŭУ֪˵ʲô𣿣
һ棺֪Ψһĵַĸ̸ĵҺ͸磬ͺĸ˿̸һûĸб£ʹӶ诱ʲôǴҲңûϵҿϡ
ˣУ졣
зЦ˿ɰģ˵Ļȴ㶾Ҽ诱κ飬ټңҲСүǸ׵ӣԣңҲܱңǲǣĸף
ٴ֣ݺ˦ϣ˺ɫİƺۡ
һ仰˸еŭǾ䣬ӣֻ˵ӣȴû˵Լӡ
Ҳĺӡ
Ƥ𪣬ϵİӡĿģϱ鲻˿ı䣬ԾЦаԣĸףʱ̼ǵãǸ׵ԣСү̸κʱͬҶ诱ϡ
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ֻȫʱ֪ҪǺá
ʼʱûڴûϲֻ֪ľ֪ӻã˵ǲϲ˵ǲϲ۰
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ͷ
ͷ̡
̵Сүܹסһġ
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п˵
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̵ǣԸΪСүľ𣿡
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199 
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ĿԣЩţңңҲеģ
ԼûţһСһţûʲô츳˵ᣬ̸˵ľúܾõʱ䶼
֪ǣǳ̬ʦûа취һĿǰΪֹһҲһ˶ѡ
Ҫʦ֪Դ̣õͶʦְҵ˴ʦõΨԼ
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У֮ǰڿ;ӡ
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ȻֲõԤС
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죬ж˵ҳ󡣡
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ȻܣҶãԣԡ
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ŬһһЦһһͯ棬ǣǸҲãĸҲãٶ࿴һۡ
֪ˣԸ޹أ˵ƫƫûġ
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⽫ļ䳨ģZǰ
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ңܳ裬̴Ů衣
һμ䣬в෴Ϊܷٲܳ裬һֺƣȴһֺŪֻ
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203 
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ƣҥöˣ٣˱Ϊҥ档
̽ǵĽУ鸴ӣȴҲǺ⣬Ʋ˵뷨ҲΪбҪıǵ뷨Ͼ졣
ǣҪıģΪﵽһĸ߶ȣⲢһһϦܸıġ
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Ҫ볢ܹӹսʦľսʦϣֻܳһˡ
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204 
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Ĵҹٰͬݣÿ춼λĴҵʦʢ򣬷Щߣȴ˸еġ
ȥݲǵһݣһĬĬݡ
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205 
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206 
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仰һڣ˶ˡ
ǼֱԼʲôҪ֪Ӷ鶼ûб֮˵ֻбףձҲʮʮףӦǽӶŲеĸ
Щ֮ǰӶһǴսʦǺȻĬˡ
Ӷ˲ǸöӶҲӦûʲôǰ;ԣǡ
Ǻö
Ӹ̫ˣ
ǣԻȺһλսʦ˵ңҪӶţ⻰˵ر
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Щ˸оλսʦЩ죬ϸϸ֮ǰȺñˡ
ƽҲʶսʦսʦ֮ǰ̣ĵܵܣ˵̳ĵܵҲòĿ˲ϲһ֣һرϲ֣ûʲôʵӶš
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սʦᱻıļսʦǲܻᱻ
ļսʦԣһ½Ӷ飬ֻ˵Ӷ飬Ȿһ衣
˵ǳӣҲսʦġ
ƽǶӳ˵ˣ츳㹻ãСļսʦҲԡ
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Ƽһļ壬һƼҶԣСĿ
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ΪˣƼѾδȥɱޣȻֵսǿȺӵĺѲ
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۰Զ飿
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Ƽ뼸λϽʱһλ̴ͨ۰ԶĶӳˡ
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Ϊ۰ԶӶӳ϶һλǳǿսʦǵá
Ƽһ˸ʱǲ²⣬λǿսʦ齨һµĶ飿
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Ӧóٸʵսʦʵ˵ﵽ߼Ҳһ
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Ƽͷ֪ӳʲôʱ򡭡
Ƽ˵̵꣬ҿԼλжսʦ𣿡
Ƽüͷ΢壬̾һԡ˼ңֵʱÿձһĥ״á
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Ƽ·һ·ȥ
ԼһӣԶԶľ룬̱һ˺ѷεź
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̵ģûµġ
Ƽϣ۰ӶΪֶȡûġ
һ˽Ժӣ̵Ů۾˵λүѾû˯ˡ
ʱţƸԽԽأűһʹ࣬ۿҪԲУû취ֻܽ
Ǵ㽫ͨƼʱƼˡ
ƼĲ۽ǵˮҽȥ
λŮסƼһλŮүУүһֱĽ϶ӡˮ£˵棬
̿Ƽɲҽȥ
Ƽԥ
Ůü
Ƭ̺Ƽͷ
ԭȥһŮԱȰ˵˵үһֱţһССͲˡ
ŮԴ£棬һ˽˷䡣
ҽȻֹͣ˻Ƶ˭
̵۰Զˣ£Ӷ¥Ϊƻ޵Ķ
һţһλϿѯʣ۰Զӳĸ𣿡
ͷ
λϵӢ۳꣬ĸ翴ǳᡣ
صͷ̸ˣ
λϵԭ̰Ǹ֣֣֪Ǽսʦţ̣
ƼЩ졣
Ƽ
Ƽˣ
һԻսʦӦûеȼɣ
˵òǺȷ
Ƽˣ
һ̣Ƽ鼫Ϊأԡ
̽ȥǸ


208 
̿򱻰ڴϵӡ
ӿʮߡģһͷɢң޶ȫƤ죬ȫð
ӵǵӶ¥ˣ
̵ͷ
ӵ֮ǰѾ˵ˣ޵ڵءϰԡʽΪʲôңȫðÿ˵һʣ͸оһ֡
Уǳ޷İ˵淢ǱļС
֮ǰӶ¥ӶӶӳʱǽڣĲκˡ
оϱ˲ڽĦ
һӿ
˫ͫȻȥ
̵ΪĶض
ÿ˶ô˵
жƼӶ¥ҽʦȴûκΰ취ûа취ϵʹࡣ
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ڴϵ£һϤ󲮣
⣬ƼУҪȥ
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ֻԼķ߳ȥֻǲκ˿ԼǱģѣ
˫΢΢Ṇ̀ǣ桭
ԽԽ̣һҪ˵ڣǶĽ˵κβĴʻ㡣
ڣߵ˴ǰվڸߴ´
һ̣Ӹо̿Ŀ裬ʵⶼĴ̿ǲ鿴ڵ״֪ҪҪͨ
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ӾŵĿڴϣһ˲۳ɣ̵˫ӵؿڡ
ϵĻ֮ŵŮڴϺʣ˫־ԼԽԽȼأȫ¶
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ĪøĿ⵭Įɨһۣһɫâ뵽ӵڣ֮лɫŴɢתﵱС
ͫһڵŭΨһо滺û˵ڣĿؿ̡
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֮ǰŭ̵ܸ֪񣬿Ź˶ԸΪ̰ˣ
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Щ񶼲ʺɡ
̼ᣬ޶޶ֻ޶ְҵȡʦʦҩʦȵְҵ
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209 
΢أƽ˵ϲ˵ȴ΢ĺøС
ԭʲôΪͨˣм޷ά±ʱԸÿ¸ӡ
ڼƶ¡
Ӷսʦ룬˭ܱ֤Ǵһ˳
ŶᱻʯӰǽֵ˵׼ޣʱǴΣգ˵ĳǾͻ첲ֱʧȥܳΪͨأ
Щڵ֪һ쵽ǲùġ
ǰ׸ҫ۵Ű׳ԣΪ׸Ψһĵӣʧȥ˫Ϊͨ˺ӱ㲻ù
ĸûٿһۣȻ˵ٿһĺ鶼ûˣǸ
׷ԴӰ׳Գº󣬾״̬л㱡
Ϣ׷ڻʱ׳Եľŭŭ׳ԣΪʲôԼŪôң
Ϊ˿еЦ
ʱڷŭ̲סĿĶڰ׳ϣһȫ˺ۡ
׳
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ȻôȥˣԾɿƲסԼ
˵ҲδҪԼ
ܿأϣЩܹϺ˱棬̽ӶչȥŵϢ˴С
ΪϢǺ󣬻ҵӶ۰Ӷ飬Ȼǣûκ˼۰ԡ
ЩΪ룬ȴΪʵ֮ȫЩӵսʦΪʲôϼ̵Ӷ飿
ֻҪ룬ʲôÿ¶ӿԻӻѵ
ֱһλ·ǵĽһ仰ǲŻȻ
˵ǹȥţԾԼĽ
ǰ¹ټӣԾǵĽǵĽ˵
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ǸӵУƸһϢ
ǹ̵Ϣ
һ˵̫ˣͻ˸е񣬼˵˺£˶̵Ծɲ䡣
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ǻʶ˵̵ϢͷƺƸʲô飬ʲô
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ԲȥƸֱӴȥɽɱ޼ɣȴȥ˴ƸҪѯʻ޸ϢΪɽүķ䡣
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ҲʮüĿӢССϲ
̵һμ𣬱㱻Ӣò񣬵ʱүл涾ʹҪԲУƸû취ֻýñ̡
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ģ̾Ͳóˡ
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ȺһλŮӳ̣ˣ㾹ȻҶҵӶֶţ
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ҶԸ֣ңҾͶǲˣʵ˵ĺݣȫΪԼʲô
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Ƕ˵ͷǧһ˸ɵģȫͷǧޣӶսʦǹͬս
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лΪ޵Ķ
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˫΢΢˵Щʲô۽ȻͿһԵӶļۣӶ飬ˣ
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£ѯʣѵֻ˲ܼǵӶ𣿡
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΢ЦҿԼ𣿡
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𣺡Ҹպôﵽ𡣡
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˵вǿȺ󣬶̼Ϊ
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Ϊʲôǿ̶ΪĮƺһֱҪأ
бۿˡ
ߵߣñǿ׺ʱѹҾ㣬ԶһЩϣصԭλãװʲôûһ¿α
һۣĿ˼


210 
ϸϣǵһʽ̶սʦ
Щָָ˸ˣȫ֪ΪʲôҪ롣
ԼҲ޷Լ
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£мλѣ֮ǰһӶ飬Ҿܾˣ̶ӳĻҵǿǷԸҵĶ顣
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Щûߣڰָָ˿һĻ׷˵ǿǿСүڵү
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ͷǵģ̶ӳģ֪ǶĹ򡣡
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仰еˣ
ͬҿˣӶ鶼ûбףУʮ̸ֻôࡣ
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214 
׳ǴС㣬Сӵ׷ߡ
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ЩԶԸ棬ǻЩˣȵףֻҪ룬Ը⣬Ը档
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ƺӶ˱˴˶һۣǲ̶԰׳˵ʲôųɹõ˰׳ԵϿɣ
˵ڴ֮ǰȫû̷УôڣǺȻʶ
ڵӶ飬̵ٶȴȥ

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215 
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216 
Ϊ׳Խеһξ˫һͬ˿ջ
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217 
ѯŮΪʲôЩױƷûˣ
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221 
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ѧԺ˵ȻݱȽ⣬Ǵû˵äԳΪ˾ģԸѧĻҪѧ
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ѧԺ˵ǣÿһμ˾ͨˣҪʫ飬Ǳˡ
ѧҩѧЩǿԲͨҪ֪֡
簵˾˾黭ͨ˵ļ˾ǰļ˾֪֡
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231 
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˶Щᣬ֮ǰֵиͬͬͬС˲һɢæŸ衣
СһͬˣȥԼ㣬۰ԶսʦĴȥӶ
һʱ䣬Ĵǹ̵Ϣ
˵ѧԺҪһĴԽҪһѾˡ
һϢΪִЩҵĺϲ
Ҳǣ˵ǿӴôֺγأ
֮ǰսʦǿ֮ûսʦȻǿ̫սĴڣ˵ͨˣʦҲͨΪսʦ
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һƬƬӡһѩᶨ棬Ϊһһλ൱ǿ顣
Ϊֵ֪˵̽ļ˾Щ̲Ǳ˵ų˲ɢ߰˰ˡ
̻˵ɺǿԼĺŷ
Ӷһ֡
ôñӣס˼ƽ
ƽһؿ̣˵Ӷ
ǰʱ䣬˺ȻӶ飬һӶ鶼ҪļԼļϵսʦſԼ룬ЩûбףҲ̣һ飬еսʦǶࡣ
ʱƽ⵽˺ܴĴۡ
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һ죬ӶӶﵽܴﵽߣˡ
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˱ʴʱ죬˿ȥѧŵ䵶ѣһγɵӰס
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˸еëȻ
кЦѯʣ𣿡


232 

Ŀ㶵ؿУǿýСݵСꡣ
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234 
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׳룬̵ȷʵҪø֪Ӧվߵ㡣


235 
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236 
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239 
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251 
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252 
̺һͬȥԭɽ
ԭɽռ㣬һɽΪǿޣڴطͨ˽ֹ룬ֻӶԽ롣
޵Դԭɽ
вͬǣʼ̬Ǽ̬
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Ǽ˴ŶһС
ɽһУ˲һֱȫڼ侭
̶һֱƫһνӴнתƫģ֪ĵط
Цú㣬˽ﲻ֪飬Ѻ޵Ⱥоһݣ¿ɥĲ顭
ǣϲȴġ
ΣʱԼס̣Ҳġ
ıƫģٶƫ޷رԷĸʱҲתĸ飬ǰȴҲǷǳ΢ӵĸ顣


253 
ٴ
Щǿ޿ƵһһΪ״ǿѹȶУ֮һת
߷̶Ľ֮ͬʱͷӴ޸ һΣͷһ𷢳˿µĽ
ϷϢ鲼˫ǣЩҪٴγսʦǷ
ǵĽݻսʦ񾭣һЩսʦãȻʧ佫ԼĹ׼Լͬ飬ѪζһƬʺɫѪĿ
۳żɫâۣѸڳսʦǵˡ
ֻҪ̱а취öԷ
ͷǿŲ͵ǻۣó޵Ŀⶢ̣Ҫ
뷨ᴩǵ뷨ֵܼڣֻΪ
಻һƾõԽܴʱԽá
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ͷ޵̴ɽ߳Ȼ˫һλͨͨսʦɱͷС̻ףʵСҲûǮ
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ɱͷ̵ѹ꣬ӹȥڣߵĳ޴ûͣЪ
˫ǵ̽ԵС޳Ի˫ǵĴ޳мƻеġ
ǣ̿ȥĳҪȥڵ޹ġ
ͷͬʱ̷
սʦ̫ˣһֻֻԼٶȱһδε̵ɫԵúѿ
Ԩעͷ̵ϣͷޱѸʣͷһʱ֮
ԨΨ̻ˣעһߣ޷ΪսʦʲôҲ·ڶ޵սʦǼΪѡ
Ԩ⻹еսʦ豣˶ڣֱһЩҪһЩֱȺһƬڣսʦǻսһ𣬷ʱҪǷ˵ǡ
ԨԣЩ˶ֻۣҪһ˾ͺˡ
ȻԨżȫƻȻâȴûʧ
ţڿʼÿһˣǵʹתƵϡ
ʶһ㣬Ԩ˫ͫʱѪ죬̵֣ͬʱƲסԼɫɳŰˡޡͬʱϯ֮˼
ɫҰףĴʺѪҺԨâԾԼٶۡ
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Ԩ̣һһ̣˵ҽǶɱˣ㻹Ƶ𣿡
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УУУ
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258 
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259 
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260 
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ǰαԽȥ˳µСүľ򣬶ͬһҵȴԾž࣬Щҡ
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ĸ֪̽̽ѰΧһȦȦûã㲶׽ᰵڵء
̵ĸ֪£ᰵüͷײ£˫΢΢ѯʣڿ𣿡
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
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ʵ֪̲֪Ϣ̲סѯʣֻҪ˵š
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ͬһλսʦüҪָ̣˵Ҫǡ
ȻλսʦҪʱ̳ǿһۣһۣѡ˳Ĭ
һƬ̵ֻܿ٣ٺÿľĶǡ
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һңˮǣÿһξһ˲ƵĽ磬˵ΣһḲңˮɣڱȽϲִ٣ֻһ򸲸ס˽硣
Լֹ˰ʱڵִĿĵء
ԱȼңˮʱסĳַԵü࣬ǳ״̬
ɽ˳ռеĵ·ʱסԺӡ
̤ʱһϤ𣺡ˡ
᰻䣬һסԺӣ˿˿Ĵӷתס˫˫Ϊ
̿ᰣ⿪ᰵס۾˵ǵãǷһ
ҼǵáγĬᰵ
̣ô͵мҵҵľ֮͵ң𣿡


262 
룬᰿ѷ
̵ͺҪʲôΨһҪľɡ
Ƿһ
Ծܾ
ܾܾ
˭ԾܾΨԾܾ
ѡ˳Ĭ
סᰵ֣ϡ
᰿̵ģֻ˳̵ǣж
ʵǣζš
̿˿Լֿ˿ᰣоЩ߳ܡ
˵ľȽϼ򵥣ΨᰵľӣҪͷŶͷܽ
֪ˣ룬ӼȥϴһϴѾüûϴһϴˡ
̿ᰣЩԥҪҪסıӣ
룬˰ɡ
˰ɡ
۾ˣסЩ¡
̵һ̡
ʼû仰˼̿ˡ
˾ӣΪԱһΣᰵľδٽ㣬ࡣ᰾ͬʱŸ᰼ǿһһת۱һʱ˶Щƣ
ᰵľ÷Ľϣ֮뿪˳
֪룬ʵѷġ
ڶģᰲˡ
ʵ̶֤Ķˣᰲûô
뿪зʧ᰾ϰΣס۾ȡ£ߵſڣͷϵ¡
ܸӡ
һ֮ǰлȴûס̣һ棬ȴָоû
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һˡ
Σյĵطȫĵط
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ңˮĴǿߣ̴ϵѰʪñӶûУҳȺߡ
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һλѲ̵߱ļ򣬵ɫҲˣ˺ͿЩȥˣؤ˺Ҫȥ󡣡
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ȥĳ֣ĳǱΪս̫ͨˣԼеǶĳʲô˶УȻˡ
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ǡɣǰһѵϸ˽һĻС
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̣
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Ϊϸ˲˲ˮرϸ˵ĺΪʲôһҪ뿪ˡ
Ĳϸ̫ˡ
ϸ˵ĶѾ뿪ˣҲ֪֪Ƿ񴩵ůԵúãء
̼ϸ˿޵ģⰲοϸĿԣſϸ˵δһԱˡ
ͬˡ
ϸ˵Ķ뿪ңˮǺȥǡ
ͨ˵ݽĳʼ֣˼ֵܣһѾǿҶĳ
ϸ˵Ķ˵ûлϸˣʵÿ궼ңˮļϸˣͣһʱ뿪
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ϸ˲˲۽ˮ⺢ǻ˵ģ㣬ҾǲĶӣ
оϸ˵Ķǵġ
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̵һл
ϸ˴··شȥ˳ƫ˽ȥ
£뿪ʱϸסֱۣ˵ɵվŸʲôҴɲ˶ܽġ
̣
ûмǴĻǴ뿪ģ


263 
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ʵȷʵûô˯ãһź
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ϸϹµĽ̸Уٴζϸ˵Ķӱʾһ̵ͬ飬ѹҪҳߡ
ϸָָõİͷ⺢ӾôͷҲҸģҶԣֻҳһûˣԺҪô
Ϲ±ʾ⣬ϸ˷ģһúð̡
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аɡ
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˵ΣգᰵƤ£ΣգᰣҲ벻תתֻ˰ɣ
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ϸ뿪Ϲüͷ΢壬һؿ̣˼Ҫ̰
Ϲϸ˴һԶףཻãϸ˼Ȼ̴ˣһҪ̰źãǰʲôһ⡣
Ϲѯʣʲô֣
˫΢΢û˵˵ںײǽһǷ˲Ż˵ᰡԨһͻļԨ
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Ϲµֲ
лл룬ûϵֻҪ־ͿԣСûᰵġ
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Ϲ̾һЩسҲð㣬
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ϹĿԺ󲻻ʲôǰ;
һ㶼Ҫǰ;
գϹһ˼ûκŵڳ
һ
Ϲ¶̻ӻ֣һλ̴ӽ̴ȥ֪Ĺ
һ
ʹ˵Գ˶ԣΪս߹ңģΪֱӾܾЩϧˡ
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̲ʹӶ㵽ɽ˫Լʮа˾Ż
ÿһ̵Ǿա̼
ȳ
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̣Ƕ˵黢ԿսͶˡ
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룬һ߹ʯţҪ·ɽʱͣ˽Ų
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᰼λսʦͬʱͣ½Ų˳ᰵĿ⿴ɽķ
һɽ̷·оʮĿ⣬һʹ亹乣˶Щá
һλսʦҪץ𣿡
˼Ҫôʱᰵá
̺ʹͬʱһ
뿪
ǵĽŲԽԽС̺ʹӱ˴˶һۣһ
ֵ˻ȷһ˵ӰǰʧŴӼɽ˳
̸оһʲôûЩۡ
ʹֵһۣ治ΪʲôҪһ
룬Ϊоʧ룬ŵԼ֪ԼʲôȷӦҪʲôˡ
̵ںۣȴȥ˯ĵطҸоҪһ
ʹӵ˯˯˯˯ʲô˯˯ȴȥϸ·
̣õġ
ʹ̣ûסֵһۣ˵˵Ϳսһ档
ȻΪԼʲôŵ㣬˵սܴƽͨϿŵ㣬֮ߣӴʹһСɻڴ۷
룬ᰲһܿǷе㣬ͺλʹദСƬ̣ûܿʲôŵһԿ϶ǣֻҪ϶ϳ
ʹֵһۣԽԽģСȰȰȶ˵Ҫսһжôѣܼ۵ĸ


ੲݵ߶Ȼ뵽塣
ȥϲ߶΢䣬¶һĨǳЦ
ϣܰá
ʹӺȻɻؿѯʣôˣ
ʹӵֵܣҺ㽲ûȥսǶԵģ
һʱ֮㲻˵ʲô
ʹһղһЦŵˣսƽʱƢã౻żҲҪġ
̣
ʹӣе֪֮
̣ǡ


264 
ʹǴȥһˡ
˵˵ڶ쿪ʼʹӴȥ˾ס·
·һ䣬ʹӵ˵˻ס̣ͨϹҪչһµģԱ˼䡣
̵һлʹ뿪̴±˳ߡ
ûһ찲˯ڵȻҲòȥҲȼʱãµɲ̱˳˯С
ǰ˼Ҫϸʲôʱ뿪ºֱ˯ȥˡ
ͬʱ
᰽һңˮ롣
ºңˮյѰܻȴĲɡ
ңˮЩ죬˵˼䣬һү
ᰰκع񣬿ңˮѯʣ˵ʲô
ңˮ΢Ц²¼һˡ
ᰵͷ
ңˮͬһ˵ڰԼԷòλÿӣûдĻȷʵӦ̼˾
ü
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ᰵǽ
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ΪǶԴ˵ֿ̫ͣҲ˰ɣ
룬ϲ˵ʱƺҲϲһֱ
ǡ
ϲʱ˷ˣ
Ժͬʱֳǿǳ
ɣܰɣ
ʱһʱȥˡ
ɫתͬסһҵʹ½½Ƕûܽ뷿ϢǱϹסǱᰵĿס
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֪˶ãǣϹµ̱񾭡
᰿ǰЩʹӣǴ糣ɣ£ֵ쳣ڲǳеġ
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Ϲ˼£ǵүļϵˣ֪үݣǾԲߡ
ûжûϵֻҪͿˡ
Ϲ˼䣬ҪһЩ飬֮ѹѹˡ
Ϲ뿪󣬼λͬסһҵʹӱ˴˶һۣһѹ˵үļϵˣ
үǰһˣϲӦҲһˣ
һͬסһңе㼤죬ȥ
һȺ˼ӿ첽˷ȥ


265 
˵ľ۾
ڻ谵ĹâĴɨ£λİˣǵĴӦͬһʹӡ
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λʹӣ
λʹ˵껰ͷԼ˵˻ڵǽ
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ǻᱻŵҪΪ̫һһϲ˿϶ǳÿȻˣǲֱӣյ̫ľţûסͽг
λ˵ʹ̸̵Ǹ̵ͷʾĵǸλʹӶʱһĵһ˵ľ͹ˣԺҪСģóмĿ⿴̣лл㲻һĺɡѾ뵽õʡ
˽仰һ£žǣںһرжãھж⡣
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Ҫǰ̫ۣһֱڽ״̬΢иһЩȻ˯
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270 
̲Ԩ˼·
ǰһԨκ˿Ϊʲôھȥˣ
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̶Ԩ˽⣬ʱ˵ʲôûãֻܰԨĲߡ
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·Ϣңˮˣ컹δȫֵȴΪ
ڼļһȺ˷׷ó˽ֵ˺š˾ˡҲи˺ٵ֡
ǵҪӦǡ
̻عʱ۳ڵһģһżȻ̺ԨڵΪģƹâ۶֮Щâ뵽Ƭ˵ڡ
ƣ̶Ļ


272 
ɫֹâһƬ
һֵ̣һƬž
ͷ죬컹δȫԲԵЩƮڰеİɫâΪҫۡ
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һĻ˺Ȼ뵽еһĻ
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һΣɥμ˾ĺȻ֣ϼ˾һл
ԨɫЩѿס̵ֹͣΪ
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274 
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275 
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Ƕ˵뿪̶Ƭ̣ԨѾ˴ȥҪȴΡĴε޳ҲҪڵѱ˫ǽҳԨһ˾ͿԽ˫Ǹˡ
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ȨһλóʹȨˡ


279 ⡤
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²ϣ֪˵඼ǶԵģΨһ㣬˵ˡ
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281 ⡤
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285 ⡤
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286 ⡤
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287 ⡤
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288 ⡤
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289 ⡤
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290 ⡤
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ĿĴתһȦ˱ڶꡣ
˫ͨ죬ֻս΢΢Ť

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292 ⡤
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Ск˵㣬ɣԽУҸ磬ģء

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293 ⡤
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298 ⡤
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