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1  1    

һưбѵġ

Ŵֲ󻨱ĵ˴ϣŹڶǽϵʽ˰㶣ԼѾص˼ʮǰԼǻֳ嶯Ůʱȴĳĵı֮һ

Լһ޹ؽҪС˵ʱһȻʹ˻

Լ±۵֣̲̾ס¶Ц

ʱ򣬾ĸ̽ͷСŮû緹Ѿˡ

ӦһֻһͷΣµ˴ϡ

֮ǰһ󲡣ŸմӳԺԺ

ʮСһֱǿ彡ģԭȴΪ顣

㼸ʮһ뵽£ҲֻȻ

ʮֻ߰а飬ʲôܲˣֻͷǰ塣

ȻײͷѪԼˡ

ҵǸѷĸְ˼ĳԴöȣͷһ㣬ڳʱֻлתʽ

һͥʱǶõˡ

ƫƫСŮ˲ʡģСò֪ߵغΪ˸ֵüＦȮж϶Ƥ˽תͻ¡

һӣҲôˡ

ʱ͸˲Ƥһ

ŮɫҰ׵ڴϣĸС߽̽ŮҪѧУͱȥˣҸˣȸѧȳй

ҵȻҪȥѧУӻģȴʶʹ˵

һأôٷĻ᣿

ĸһ̾

ӣŮ߲

С˲صԺԶǣ㱾ͲϲѧòȥˡĸͼȰŮ

ǰʮĸʱϸ߶

£ձ֪ǿרĲȥϸУרв䣬пѧ¼ȡֵ͵þˣҾһѧǶԴѧִɼõĳѡר

ԴϸΪҰģ򴿴Ϊ˸һ

Һ;ҶְھӣһСŮСͱҳЦƵĶףҲһһ϶ԴԼԺɷ

ⲻ֪Լֻһﲻ۵С÷һݲݴļֶѡ

Դ࣬Ǳǣһһ֪һѵ

ͷԴСѧжͬͬѧȴûзһϣһʱ򻹺ãŽ߶ã˵ԴͳҵǧͻȻߵһ

ֹҲ޹տʼԴ໹˵ǧǸ˸æ˶˵˼仰ͳ˺ֻǾԼţͷˡ

֮ǰ˵·ȫǴ

ԭŮ˺ԶзѧУһʱ˵ʲôĶУּôͻ˼ҡ

ԭĹ켣һ֮¾ѧǵײģڷԴͳǧĻϴֹһһ˳ȥתҲˣԭõżһٻ飬ĸڳҲ档

Ҳһؼ˵ʧ̾ϢɴȥƫԶ˴ʦһûн顣

ֹ˼ʮ꣬˵Դӳаңһ·⣬˵صĳɹҵңš

ԼߣĽ㾮£ȴɷ˽ҽԺ

ԽĻ£ھһӣججҽԺϵʱ˳һԼһ޹ؽҪСڵļֵȫΪ˳ǵķˡ

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ȥƫԶũ嵱ʦ쿴һ֪ʵСϰڴ߶飬ŷ֣Լʵϲ

ʮĽģû¶Ǯʶ˼ͥѵѧϣСѧĴʦһ·˵صĸʦܶȴ㡣

Ψһź˶Լ˵ǸΣǿһѧ߸˿ǴѧʱԼԻӻഺ

һء

裬Դûϵ󲡳ɫȻҰףɫȴʮּᶨ飬Ҫѧ

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ĸֻΪŮ̫Ĵ̼һʱҲ֪ϲǱ

ŮгȻǺ飬Ǵѧܿϵģ

ʱûзһֻбƺרƵ𣬶ѧʹרȻֻһֵĲʵϵµĴ

ʮĸ߿¼ȡʣʮǸ˲٣ʵԤƶˢһȥܶбҵ߿ʸ̲

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ĸ̾Ȱ˵ҲҪˣɲָ꣬ıʸǿ˵

ҡͷ裬Դ˳ǼңҪɾˣҪһˣĵطʱ򷴶ǻн㡣

ĸһʱȻŮģοã⺢һӳ˲١

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ڣ㻹ǸŮ۾ﶼӯӯˮ⡣

ôСͺãͻȻסҲȣֻžıۡ

飬һʾͬôСͻ飬Ҫ濼ϴѧǿǹҫĺ顣

ҲһӣбҵܱȳбҵǿҪǿϸררĻֱӰ䣬ֲǹ𣬼ȥǡ

ֻоĸЩģŮһٿԴ࣬£ҲѧУԷ̫ܲס

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ҿȴܾþЩһˡ

ǰã޵һԶͷտʢţһȴȻüۼҲóضˡ

Ҳĸ˵һڳˡȻֳ󣬽᲻á




2  2    

⼸죬һߵ壬һԼĳпα

Ȼ˸ʦֻרѧһƣĿվЩˣʮĽѧٸʱҲвٲ죬Ҫѧһ顣

ٰ鱾һ飬ϲ֣Լļ˲٣ԭúĿģڲͼˡ

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һСϳÿְˮƱͺٵǮƿƿˮȥ

óţˮƱƿˮһһðĲƿƿڲܣһһܡ

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ûǮǮҲԸ⻨ôһȹϣýн㻨㣬ѧУ˶ȹҲϼأο費˵׼࿴Ÿ򼸼ʵ·

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ʱǵĹ֪ͬⶼʵҲ˲Żɵ飬һСĻΥ

ʮǮĴŽᶼǴƱˣҲԺȻܼǧ׬Ǯ

ͦ뵱ǧ̵ģֻϧʱʱ̫졣

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ÿʱ򣬾ĸСĵĿһŮȻһŤŸϡ

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ʱеķ棬ҲЩ棬һҳͿһкܽĵ֣顣

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˵˵žЦ۾Ƶģˮ




3  3    


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־ܳеģǱС˵ֻԿһ飬оһֱġ

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ôһ룬־þ·ƢΪˣ˼ֿɰ




4  4    У

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6  6    С

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7  7    

ѧֵûʦȴܲɣҪϿΣϻҪץʱԾЩʦĵƣһֱҪҹĵϨ

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ʦʱҲ˰칫ң񣬶ʲôƵġ

ΪѧʦԼǲ͵Ծأû뵽ֱóһѧϰ⼯

ˣװƵʱˣ

ţѧʦȴֱӰϰ⼯ѧˮƽڻϴתų⣬ⱾҪʲôĵطҡ



ǲˣôʦ򵥵Լˣ

̲סϸϸʣʦûף

ҲǵʦģֳɼǷôô

ܵɶȥѧʦֱЦοòԺŬ

ڨڨЦԼ֮ǰ̫ˡ

ʱӢʦҲ˵ˣҵǻɹ㳭ˣƪдò﷨ʹʻõöȷǲڼ˲ˣ

ͷɵЦ

ǶԼӢɼ£ԱñȽ϶࣬ܵøʮ֡ӢʦĿͬеˡ

ʦͬѾַһ飬˵ǿˣŬŬ˵ϱߡ

Źȥãʦۼ츳ѧѧ³ɼͻͽġȻֽȷʵܺҲһ˵ȥ

ǰʦһֱûЦֻһĿž

ʦڰǽεġ

Ѿﶼëˣų̾ҲǺҪİϱߣôܶأزŵ62֣ռ񣬻ǰأ

ֻܱɵЦ

Ҫе̫࣬ջѧУ꣬ǰѧҲ绹ʦˣԤĻ˼ء

Լûͦ⡣

ξôȥˣʦѾеǰͻȻ˵ľ룬úĳû뵽ǰǲ׾ˣǲΪһǸʲôģ㼰ʱˣŮӾҪԼסҪ濼ϴѧʲôĶҲ



ǣûУвֵãŭ

ͣǰι󣬻ѻ˻ȥ

ˣ˵ܱվסš

ʦڷḻֻѡĬ




8  8    ɼ

صҵʱ򣬲˶Ųӣ뿴ľӾǶٷ֡

˵϶㵰ҪȻ𲻻ȥ칫ҡ

Ҳ˲ǲˣžϲǿհء

˲ǲǾķķˣ˵⻰Լš

ûȤЩ֣һԹ˻λ

ʦղŽʲôȥˣ᰺ʡ

͵͵չһǿ

ʺ105ëһݺһ°ᰵСࡣ

ֱӽгס죬ʣ

ϲֵӣԼ͸Լƭȥˡ

ͷصЦһ£ȻԾ

ǰͷǸŮ̲סؿһۣתȥʲôûʡ

ΣʦĳĸңֵģֻҪ¹򱳣϶ܵø߷֡

˵⻰ʱһֱžߣ͸Ƶġ

ʱû˹Ҳ᲻˼

ǰͷǸŮƺʦĸ£ʣİѸʱ仨ڱϡ

ҲĻ顣

ĽڿΣҲһڿʦûٲҴţֱӾͿڱﾮ˵صĳɼ˳Ҫͬѧúѧϰ

һը˹

81֣߳ڶ17֣

ȥרķҲ340֣ɼһֱķ֮һȥ֮ǰŵĴ󻰣ͻȻûôʵˡ

ѧУĿȸ߿ɼ򵥶ˡҲ˵

˿һۣ˶ٷ֣

ֻĬĬԼԾ˲ء

Ľڿ¿Σ˶ãҲмѰ·ġ

ǸģѧУʱͷ࣬·ľ䣬Ҳѵõζȣеһ˳Բ꣬ɴŰ᰸һ

᰼ҲʳƷģҲó˼ˮͷ;ųԡ

ǰǸŮ첻֪ΪʲôҲĥĥ䣬ɵĿһ۾ʣôȥ򷹣

̫ˣһȥش

ֻҪٴһز˾͹ˣ¿϶Уźȥ

Ů΢΢һ۾Сʣеⲻ̫Ըһ𣿡

ܸɴĴӦˡ

ŮеҲ÷УϾʦȻ͸ϲѧڷܺѧĺѧبŲ

ŮϲЦæԾù

ԾϵֲŮ棬ڰǰʮļǿóҲ̫ãȫƾ̿Ŭȥġ

˿ǵŪ׵Ĵ⣬ɾͽ

ܿ;ȷ֣ĽˮƽƺʦǿЩ˼·˵ر͸ʽԭҲõõӦ֣ղʦ˵˰ûĵط仰ͽȻˡ

˵

ǿɲǣҼҾǱɵϵġɵ˵

ᰵѧһ㣬ҲõޣʮֵˮƽĽͶ

ҲǸСģ͸ɴóʱ

⺢ղʵȤͷһʱỹȥء

̲סЦۣǰͷ֮ǰ˵ĻҲС˲٣ŲʲôɹֵģֻҲܺŪһ°ֵļһ

ܾʲôܰɡҲóԼķУԸһԷҲЩ㡣

èģһ۾ˣҲνŮһʳȥ

극һᣬĵһڿΡ

Ĺ˸߶λͱռȥˣΪʦæСɼʦѵóһء

һٳϣϾ̲סһ䣬ֵĵȥ

ôˣﻹһ⣬û״

ǺһһϿΡ˵

һôˣһʱûӦ

ǶԹŮ컯յľ͸װʱ̵εӰˡر˵һ䡣

ԴҦһࡣ

ʵҪǺü˵ǳǧˣҲ⣬ֻʶǱ߿һۣ͵תͷ

в뿴Цʱ͵͵ı顣

ֻϧʲôЦûƵ

ҦͷԴ˵ʶҲˣ߷࿴˼ۡ

ƯȺǴۣһ۾Ϳˡ

ǷԴ࣬װһΣӶתһµģʵе١

һԴ˵ɻʱҪҪһȥ

ҦӯӯһЦֿһ۾ķ򣬲˵ѽͦϲġ

ʦѧȦͷŴɻˡίԱЩ˶ĹõѧɢҲЩŸշľӣȥȥˡ

ڲٳȦ

ոֻȦžһͽˣɴԼԼּȦܵû¶ð΢΢ž

ֻ֪жϣѧϰŸЧ

۶ͷ᰺ǲżСˣ߸˸žһܣϧˣһȦֻͣվһ߸͡

ȵͣᰲȲˣ죬ǰһڴǿȥͣ

ʵûȤΰ᰺涼뿴ֻһ

ͶԱȻѪѾΧһȦˣ֮ǰȥĶ˴롣

ǸӣһվڳߣͿʼͣ˼飬ʱȷ֡

һʱȡԱһǷֵŮ˵

ֿǸҲڳϣǸԼͼӵøˡ

Ժ⻹ǵһԴࡣ

ֻ˵ǰ۹ͦġ

ԴӸߣҲټϳɼûʲôʶѧ񼶱ˡ

ϧú۹⿴ֻȻߴ̬ȴ̫ã΢΢źܲ

Ҳֻǿ϶ʺһ㣬е

ڳɼ˵ҲգרҲϡ

ˣ˭Ⱳӻûȳأ

һԼŮʱڵƷζֻͷ̫ɹͰһкһȥˡ

ʹˣʵûʲô飬ܲȤء

µͷѾʱ¶ָߣ¶ð

תһȦʵסھؽҼ⡣

ȥʱϵıҲɢˣ˵һʤˣϴ죬ȴֺܽߣԴҲС

ôһ߹ȣղҲ֪ĸˣɹɹ̫ƣƲûϲ֪ǱڵùǺϵļ׵Ǳֱӳһ֫һûɹڣԵøӲ԰ס

ԶԶţмֿֿɰĲģ

ԴһϾ̲ס¶гϧ̬һ⡣

ҦԭȺʱҲǰһʤһͷԴಢһȻ

ֻϧһͨݣһûƼʵ̫ˣſ㵽ңһˮ˵

һӿŲԵ¶ӣҦϵЦѾλι˳Ȼѧ¥Ǳ

һϸԭСܳɼˡ




9  9    

ѧУϲǿʤŰ񹫲ɼϵȻҲǰѧǰʮĳɼԺ󣬾ͱ˵ĳɼˡ

ʦĹ˲ٲ˵ûƤûĲԼβֺٵÿĵ÷֣Ҳ̲ס漸

ֻϧӹȥøʲôʲôȥˡ

񣬰չҶʶȿͷȻԼ֡

ǽе⡣

ܶ˶ۼдͷźֽ£ԽԽ࣬ҲԽԽ

ԶԶȺﲻʱ䣺

ģûдɣ

ǲף

϶ףôߵģ

ȥ걾Ƕ٣

ɼȱ߸һٶأ

ޱȺƮȥÿֽһۡ

Լĳɼ˵Ҳȫ⡣

Ȼϰ߸Լ˱ȳɼǾ֪ľʵΧҪԶԶöࡪڵѧһûС

ҦԶԶžģǰųĴ󻰣ؿ϶ûá

䡣

ʱͻȻָžıӰεĵһ߳һٶأ

ҦǺȻʹ

ѷԴ˦ֱӳ嵽ֽ£̧ͷȥ

ɼͷһ۵Ĵдš֣滹һ߲ʵķ

Ҧһʱζӳ£ҧһ´Ҳû˼ٿԼλתˡ

ʱԴżø߸ߵģ͸һֻһҲžֿ˰졣

ʱѾ˽ңڹһˮڻˡ

һ⣬ϵͬѧȴһѷΧ

ôôϴѧˣ

и¡

ؼǲ˲ʦԽܸ𣿡

һ㶣֪ʣôˣ

һߴߴ֪Լ꼶һ

ξȻſҲʮ֣ȵڶ߳һʮ֣ȥıߣһ١

ͺܲˡ

Ҫ˵ɼصʡѧУȻҲôĺ䶯

ѧ궼ûһѧ

ɼһУˡ

ѧУȻԶʵǸͦ˹ĵˣƤܰף˵Ҳ

ʵԸγǿҵķ

һ˵ĳɼֱӳ嵽߶Ľҷһ龮Ծϸϸһοκľʦȷû⡣

ĺλнĿռ䰡Ȼ֪ԼѧУľѶȵͣҲС۾̲ס

ϾѧڲŸ߶һʱ

ʮţֻҪȥʽĸ߿Ŀѣ϶ҲϱƷߡ

һѧܳһѧǿУþӡ

ʱ򣬽̵ˮˡ

ҿǰԾҲ̫ˣ̫ʵ

᲻мԾй¶ˣ̵β²⣬ϾҲŹζӵġ

У˵Ҳò׼ˣϾôһӣпڸ߶ʱ򣬲ͻȻð

һᣬİ壬ȼѧ˵

ûãͱ뵽Уҡ

һĻ˸ȷɼ϶׳ˡ

ѧУһ¥ŸĽң˵߶һˣŴµĸ̲ס̽ͷȥ

УϣһƯŮӣӡƯŮгɼõģҲͷԴϲ⣬Ҫߵջ̫ࡣ

ʱѾɼͻȻֱɵѧǰΪǸŮͬһˡ

УղŴӸ߶ҳʱİҲ˳Уֹһ

ʦĻȻУһɻ󣬵ϸһ룬ҲȷʵĽ͡

ʱڿҪôԼĳɼ

λУǰɵ˵϶ܰãһᣬ˵һֱе츳ܾͻȻˣҪ⿼ҲС

Ȼֱӵʡ¡

УȴûнӲ磬ܸȤʣҿϴСԾˣŶõʱ䣬ôʼȫһˣ

һ㶣ȷʵôһ©ʮľʮʼȻܴ

սʾ֭ͣû뵽УһζʵҲ⣬ʲôȲҪǲô˵ҲԼǰ;Ц



㵱ǹصɣҲõģѧҲڳص㣬ҲģʲôҪҲᣬ費ҪҸ㻻ʦУһ˵ϹһһȰĵݳ֦

ǡУҾ⼸ʦͦõġ

еˣôôϲأﻹԶݳһѹѪ硣

ˣʲôʲôɣҲýˡ

رɥĽԼԽԽֵ趨ӿУ˵ѧ¡

Ȼûǰ;ģ

Уþ֤Ϊκ˷ǰ;ԱԺ󣬲ڰˡ

Уҵʱ򣬾ԼֱҪϴˡ

üʱ˲ԶУѸѹ

ԴѾڲٳεһˡ

ղڴϿַͷһ滹ôһҫ۵ĳɼĵһӦǲš

ϸ룬͸ӾòˣɵģɼҲϲ£ôܿôõĳɼ

ԣ϶ˡԴǳƶ롪ѾͷƻΪԼע⣬ЩǳֶΡ

Դ̾

ʵ˵Ծһεģֻ֮ǰȡֵʱĥɾˡ

СѾͷ¹ð˳

ıҦ𿴼ʲôʵ룬Ҳõڸ˵ֻܳſյȾû˵ʱ򣬿첽߹

֪Ϊҵע⣬ĲˣԺҪˡԴ࿿ɿ˵

˵껰׼˿ӣû뵽ȴͻȻһ󲽺˼ֻűӣζ

Ȼˡ

Դࣺ

ҿֱԼĸ֫ѱţûζȫ˵

СѾͷ϶ǺˣԴ˲ȻЦҡҡͷ־ղŵģʮ־ǿЩɰ

˵ʵҪǾĸĵλٸһ㣬϶ԸѡǽһֻҦ

ֻϧʵԵ޷֡

ԴҲֻź̾

ղĲ㱻Ѭˡ

մһӳ˵ĺζҲеľȫܲס

һȷǰԼ۾ϹҲסˡ

ˣղŷԴ˵ʲôţ

ղֻŶǹĺԼǵ÷ԴԼ˵˼仰

ˣֻɫ˵ʲôֵ

תͷͰ˳˦Ժȥˡ

ղУһϰᣬ򵥷ЩĿͦȤģָͷˣֻ뾡ʿʼ⡣

صҵʱͬѧʱȴֻǻв۾涢

ʱľȴֻϰᣬԺٶʣ˸߲

ԽԽãУʵͦģôȤĿõ




10  10    ĩ

߶ѧԾεĳɼͷе㲨

ۼžǽ칫ǼУģ˻ʲôֶΡ

֮󷢾ӵʦǵȴڲᣬֻһ侮濪ˡ

ͺķˣѧҲûôƵġ

˾ָӵľУӭĩ

ʮǵݣÿֻһ٣¿ԺͿУĩ緵У

سǻסýѧһ㶼ؼңΧѧѡУʳĩҲῪţֻ˱ƽʱһѡ

سǲǾʱͱҪǵþؼңΪ˱ŵֱɱѧУǾһ˼ҡ

سȥİ೵ӿպøϵϡ

Ҳ;ͬһ˳

ʵ೵ＸõĵλһǮŪģȷԼְҲ˳Χĵطṩ㸣

Ϊ٣ʱѾˣһѳȥҵλãæкһ

ǸŵӵִСＷһ鲻Ըơ

Ƴ¾ɵϻŻ͵ζǾζڣֻ÷С

Ůӽһ˵Żʱܿ͹ȥˣ³ȥˣҡҡλι˰Сʱڵˡ

ʱѾڣȴһۿڳſڵԼҽ㡣

ֹסЦСŮһ³Ž֣ק䡣

¸°࣬ûü·ͼææϵűߵˣߵԡϰ࣬ⲻ˴һȳÿʶƾࡣ

ˣŲںζŽĸ첲ߡ

İڼҲ͵ȼˣĸϴӳһͲӹǣһؼҾˣʱ̰ɫ֭ͣһƿţ˱ǵ

һˣ˵

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ǿɫ󣬾ȵСŮҲֹҲֹסЦ

ըõ½дˣҨһ׹ͷڵĴ׷ֱɶ

һĿڣôͺĳ˷

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ʱסĻͲ¥һ˼ңղžĸΪͨ糨һţû뵽˴չˡ

ĸתͷһ̲סһ۸ˡ

ȴƺѹʶԼܻӭŹӣžҵűߣЦҼҶҲˣǲ䳧ҵСҺһء

һ˵һ߶ž

⻰һλǸе衣

ҺͷԭھӣǰĸܻȺһŮҲǼģԴӷԴ˳ҵĹϵλŰ̾ͿӲǱӣ۾۾ˡ

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ԼڳԷӲܹ˵ỰϾᡣ

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һ˵һЦ

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ʱ򣬷ĸѾ˼ңһžͿԼڿӣЦûûεġ

˲һ¹˵ӣʼʶӣҦŮô̸ģǼûʲôҪ󣿡

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ǿɲһĸղЦԽĥԽζ˵˵ʱ򣬳ûк˵ʲô

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һݣĸףһҪҸƢõģҲ̫ӣźദҪȻһӾ̫ѹˡ

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ʱ򣬾ôͷ

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﷢ˮƱֻܴͳĳζˮ⻨˶Ǯһƿ֦ζġ

ˮǸմģζװСͺ֦ζòƿװģԴɫ͸֦һ

̫ȣ´ųϺȣȰСͺڱűŰѲƿӵݸţӦ¿ζԺòúȡ

һڴĿá

˵ͽһȣȴҡͷãҺȹˡ

գգۣһ죺ǳĺӡ

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ƿ֦ζˮһ˶źˣɫˮʵŨŨ㾫ζǲ֪Ϊʲôȴ

ֱ˳ˮǱģһڣ͸顣

Ž׼ˮֻﶼоˡ




11  11    ڿ

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ȫһֻ硣

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ͦˣҲԸְһѡ

ѧϰС飬˺Ŀ£ɵļŬš

Ҳ˶ù߾

Ǹǰ˼䣬ſմλһסŮ

᰺;ԭһģΪѧϰ㣬Ҳ

ԭдλģ˺˼䣬ҲͷӦˡ

ֻһŮôϣͰᰣҲǺ۵ġ

Ů磬ɼϲ£رãǹͷʦĸƽʱ¾һʫļٴһ㻳

֮ǵ͵ɡ

˵ǰرϷ£ҲΪʮֵ⣬ܳһʱ䣬ԾԼŮ

ƫƫȥһһǴľȴķͷȥȻ˺ܲ˳ۡ

ôӦҲǿ¶һʱôסˡ

죬Ͱ᰻صң᰻һûŪףһֱ׷žʡ

ĸ˵ԱߵͻȻ죺ʲôʵģˣʣֱӻؼҼ˼أ

ǸƢһӾ糳ס

һʱֵʱ򣬰೤ͻȻŽӴʲôأ˾Ҹմһţʲôѽͦʽġ

˵ŻͰѳŷݸ

ŷرƯд壬˻һ־硣

Ǳ־೤ʦİ칫ϿСѧ

ر棬ʦܿ־ŸʲôأԲ۰ͰͰﾮ͹

һ㶣û뵽־ĻظȻô졣

ţͷһһŻһ̵дš

ȥͷôддţʰƽ½֡

ȹˡ

ôͷǮ೤ԴһֱԱ߿ɫĻȽе

ͰҲ˲ϳˣ˵עʱ˹

֮ǰͶ˷ݸӳȥ򵥽͵

˵ƽ͸ͻȻȺм䶪öըƵġ

ʲôʲôĸӱ¼ȡˣ᰹˵һ˵һߵ⳯翴

Ȼ֪ʲô˭ͷҪһء

۾װܲмһ˵ģһɻ̲סϵ־ȥ

չţȻǱ༭ָдģ侮λḻĽʦϣԺĸӣȼĸ־硣

λǰѾѧʦˡ

ǰҲյƵĻţ֪һǿ˲֪ѽ

ο˼ҿǰѾʦˣ

೤ͻȻʶܱԼ֮ǰԤĸ

ܿ㷢²Сʾ

ĵֻлν־͸˳ȥ

˴һȦ

ƪǽѧģĿǡѧǺⷽ̽

һĬ

Ǻĳùʽûء

û취ˣ

һĬð죬೤εЦ

ʼĬ˺ܾãһ

ûãҰ˳ȥҲ˳ס˽

ŲЩ˴۸ӵ뷨ֻĩȥʱȸ·ȥ

ɽǣ־磬ŵĸӸշŵ༭ϣֱӶѳһСɽ

༭ΰһͶ壬ݲݿҡͷֿһۼ˵λȻǸѧʦ

ѧĽʦˮƽʵޣѧУĸ硣

ܿһ⣬򿪸֮ǰʶƳһŷ½ǣһ֪ؼѧĽʦ塣

ؼѧѧǿһ㣬Ҳǿޡ

ʶͶӿ֣ǿͷһŸֽͲɴΪĹˡ

ƪȻڸˮƽϽʦ֣֮мܿλͶ߽ѧ˼·Ӧλʦ

ûʮĽѧʵĹףдˮƽ

Ǹ߿ָڶûʮ꣬ΰͲλͿ϶ˣǸоʦҲ֪Ϊʲôǰûмĸӡ

ΰٿһߵ֣ʱֳһλ׷ԲϽʦģ




12  12    

֮ǰͶȥĸӣܽӶ˻ȫˣмƪѾӡУƮīӡˢƷ

ĸҲʽͻһԪǸĸһ¹ʵˡ

Ҳû뵽Լô˳תһ룬Ͼǰٷϴ˵ֽѧо;϶ʮʮôḻ

һЩϡƽĹ۵㣬ʱͦмֵġ

ϡƽ飬ѧʦȴը˹

ķ飬ѧܰˮƽ޻㲻״ʦǿ֪

Ҫǣµĸѧڿһı϶оĴֱ͸ˢһ֡

ѧ̽ôǰû˵ѧôһʦأҪιѧϰ뾮ʦȥھġ

⼸ڿѧûȫУǿϵѼռˣǰεΪ׳ۡ

˰Σʸ߶ѧʦˣ⼸ƪˮƽô

رʵ˵д

һƬεĳĬ

ѾͷǴѧģѲѧǱɿϣУһӣϲǳ

һܿѧļȻϲҪѧ̫μ⣬Ҳ֪ܲס

ղؽֶ绰ˣ˵иܽ쵼λʦܺ棬ˮƽܲȥ

УҲֻʵʵشʦѧУһѧ

סˣ

Ź˵绰УͽصǸͷӿģҪǱ֪ѧôһӣ϶뷽跨ȥ

Ǹ˼ұʦʻӲѧĶȲϣɵӶ֪Ҫѡһߡ

һ뵽˵ʱص㶼;ϵˣУ;ĸһʹ

ĩĳŶ˸ѣ;ֱȥǼ÷̡

˵ģغȻ۸󣬵Ҳεúܣϴһ綼ˣֽһ»ɫ

һ۾Ϳһϥ³ȹúԼĽر

ȹᱡдУͨŵ޹²ɫһƯŷʽᣬر

뵽㴩ȹӵĿģˡ

ȹӵ30˵˿ϣõĻרųڵĹգõˮΡ

˰ۣԷŲ鲻Ը28ɽ

ֽӰ·߸˻صң㻹ƣô㶼û˯أȥˣ

صЦѽң˵Ҫһϲ

ֽһ򿪣Ưȹ˾ȫĿ⡣

ð죬ŽͰ͵ȹӸòǮɣǮģ㴩ȥˣ

ЦҸģ

Ͷˣ¾ȡ

ûעǸ֣֡Լѧ׬Щѡ

ôģ۾Լǲˣתͷʲô˼ЦҰƪС˵ҲͶȥˣڻûлء

һ㶣Цƪдֲ̫ˣ˼ҿϡ

ǿɲһҡͷÿأ˭ҿϣ

װһǾ»ǼҪȥȹˣֱƢŲ鲻ԸĴԣȹӲܳ˵ȥ

ɲһ᲻ˡ

ԭһƯŮ浾ͣˮһĴ۾˳ĳ

ټƯȹһУ֡

ӴӴӴ˭ѽ˭ҵĺùŮһҪȥ˵ţ²˼Ĵһ¡

ϵɫǷ۵ģÿòˡ

ȹӻ̫ˣһ·Ĳʾ֪۸һ㣬Լ׬ǮԼǮأ

ǽ㻹ˮأԽԽϲ

ˮżǮ

㣬ҵĺý㣬͵Т˳ģһǮأһģ˵

֤Ժ󲻻ٸԼ׬Ǯúôǿ˾˻뷨׼ŹһȦ˳չһȹӣ˷ˡ

Դ¥˾ҽá

ĸܿСﻨ֦չģһһǼ޲ȥ

ǷԴ̲࣬ס࿴˾ۣû˵ʲô

뷴༥İ߽¥ˣʣʾ𣿡

ԼģԿȥˣԼʶ

Ҿǣʲô£ʡ

ʱҲˣ뿴֡

һĻ¶ϲЦ첽֣ͬѧãǴѧУרݷõģʾͬѧ㸸ĸڲڣ

ѧǱص㣬ÿ궼ʮѧϴѧʮϴרģڴרǾ͸ˡ

һǴѧУ˶ˣֲ֪ôһССĸģĸһѷԴ࣬ǰ˴ա

Щ˶Է֤ŵͷҰ趼ȥˣʲôֱӺ˵ͺá

УһܣЦﲻ̫ʰɡ

µȻҲ˵ѧͷ濴һãͿѶӭ˻һֱӰŸˡ

ֻǶԺץӸεĸӣ




13  13    

ȵ£¶ϲˮѧУ˵⣬뾮ȥѧУ顣

Աöסˣȴ򶨣пֲϲ˹У

ЩǿģתѧʲôĶ죬УһЦţͬѧôѧѧʵǿϧˣҿĳɼŬŬ˵ܳ復ǺеѧУأ

¸Ӿˣ쿴ãУĻգһ۾ȴû̫Ӧ

УԹɫЦȻõҲǲһԡ

һЦɲԶ

ǰʮ山ȻңʵĴڣȥ걾ֻҪ340֣山һҪٰʮ࣬һֵĳɼ

ܹԳһУֵЦҿСԾˣĿЩ򵥣ǿóĹ׶ʵӢҲٳһĺΣ߷ֻǺпܵġ

һ۾ת˵ҪѧͺˣϾǱʦˮƽ˵أ

УһؽһɲʱҲǻУҲǰУôõӱˣŴصظϹġ

ŴӦҲžֻܾ˵Լٿǿǡ

ʲôÿǵģôõĻᣬɲ״ֵĸɲ˵

ȻֻЦһЦ

Уƺ̬Ϊ˲£ĸٺú̸һ̸

裬ֺеĺһҳȻҪǾ˵Խõĸĸڻˡ

һƿţͷԼİˣһ

˵ǴѧУؽֵĸɲ⾪ž͸ˡ

ȵ˵˼ΪԼŮģ˼ǼСŮϣϴѧֱԼΡ

ʱ򣬷ĸӻǻ⣬˫һܵ˾޴ĳ

ĸ̲סˣ˵ǲǸˣСɼҼҶأѧǿ϶ܡ

˵껹Ц

˵ģתְŸˡ

ĸһ߽һ˶Է֤ǿ˼Ҳƭӡ

ҼҹŮĸɵؿһ۾ܿϴѧ

ôȥȻǸģֽ̲סĵСŮôͻȻһӣҪȥѧأ

ĸŮû̫Ҫֻƽϲ־ͺãӣӵ

سûдѧҪ濼ȥˣɲҪˣǵʱ˶ˣɾһ㶼ˡ

ҲЩ񣬵Ů˼˶Ƹе˼ʱֻǼϲ£ӵ˼ԼҲԸֻ˵Ҫġ

Уˮ˵ɣûеõһ׼ţֻ˵ٸظ

ٳŵʱУȰͬѧҲ߶ˣֶʱ򣬵ʱתѧҲҪʱ䣬ⵢ죬ܾǵ˺üְ

ֻϧ˻βô״Ӧ

Уͽֵĸɲ¥ʱ򣬸ղǸſ˵Ůֱֲ˵ԼĶʱȾǿˣϣУҲܸᡣ

УһЦ֮תͷͰ˼˦ˡ

ЦССسĶô츳ĺӣһضˡ

ʱӣУţֻҪ㹻ǣκ˶ܲѡѧУѧġ

λĵУַһŮʲô뷨벻ȥ

ȴϵҡͷҲ̫ȥѧͦõġ

ĸղŻڵŮԶô죬ʱ̲סˣѧص㰡ôõѧУ治ȥˣ

ЦѧһܿϺѧУ

У˵ûѧʦˮƽ治һԼǿǣʱص㣬ƺҲûǿȥ

ûôѧǶõѧУҪǸڶʮмصһſʮرǽУ̴ְ

Ȼͬ¼ȡҲʮǸbug

Уһ㲻ɵ˵Ȼ㶼ˣҲܲ˼ңϾ˼УصعһˣǾ𸴰ɡ

Уܿյòľܾһضû֡




14  14    

⼸ÿɱж࿪ˡ

гϢˣ׬ѸԼرƯȹܽѧУصعȥ顣

ĸϲģֱ˵Լð̣ۿżҪһ˵ĺˡ

⻰Ҳɣ⽾

ЩỰԽԽ˸ˡ

õ۹Ҳãȹһȥ⼸ֱӳ˳ŮӣüСöȹģ֪۸Ժȴֻҡͷ̾˵һöá

Ȼãô¼õã֪ԼǴĸˡ

Ψһеϧǣ˴ѧ룬ֻ˵Ϊѧؼҡ

ĳɼ֮ϲǵĸĸҲСŮ뷨ԼĸѸҲĸܾˣֻ˵ﲻȱǮѧУӣҪԵӪġ

һԼãֹסĸˣһȹڣƮ˳Ļ¼䣬Ϲʱ

ԡͷ̫㣬᲻Ūøȹӡ

ȥŻ»ǻӹڵģ˵Ϊߣ쵼ܵʡ˺˺ܾãǿһڴǮӶŷһױ̭Ļ

ɼ˼̭ĶֻҲǰֹǿˣΪֱӽ³ӺףԡĻΣңѪָɱǰ淶ˣҲɾ

Ϊ³Ŷ˲ҲǴɶ磬űнʱġ

Ȼǰɾ˲٣ҪͲų򽻵ĵطһ칤ܾһȳ֮ȥԡֱһ׳ܷڸҸְϴ裬ÿ°Ժ󣬸ɸɾϴ뿪

»ȹϻŵԡ糺죬һϼͬ־۾Ʋˡ

¡Ȼ˽Լ֣»ͷһͬĳ

Ҳǲ°࣬߼ߣӰԺƬˣҪҪһȥƱ

ЦܣĩʱѾˡ

ʣõӰÿ

룺Աͦ˧ģŮԱҲƯ

˵˸û˵һ

ϧƺȫ˼ûһ˵òȥѧʵڿϧˣҪȻ˵ܿϴѧأѧʵڲô

¿һۣѧҲϴѧ

ôһЦʮţҼҺʹѧУЩݹϵô費ҪΪǼǣǣߣôõĻᣬɲܴˡ

ȥʵƯˣ¿϶ҲԼ⡣

ϧֻЦһлòš

ôƮƮܾе㶣Ҳе

Ҫ˵þ̫ˣˣϻдǸС˵û˿ȥɣֶҪǷڼǰҪǻġֱѾԼѵҲ˼ⲻ⡣

ǾѾˣֱ˵ҾдͦõģˣƪѾĳȥˣ˼˵дĺǸǸʲôʲôżĸо

˰죬Ҳûż֮ҡ֡

Цֲ߳żأɣҪ洫ȥҪѧУġ

ˣһô˵㣡

ΪúãһһòģҲʾ

˲㳳ʱһͬ־˸гӶ߹¾֣£õĸлˣҸڳ쿴ŸԹ

⻰ҲٴˣתߵߣЦŽӹŷ⣺лˣ鷳һˡ

л߹ʱһˮ㣬ж̲סҲ֪Ҳͨˣ𿪿

˵ôŷ⣬ͷʮа˾ǹźҲܲס⡣

µ⿴һ۲Զ뿪ĳ˺һ²š

ͷһۿľһӣپһŻ

ˣҾ֪ˣ¸˵һֱԼ»˷ܡ

ҲһɵЦ

һԵĳŲӿһᣬ治ԼţջתˣӰƺеǱ

֣˭

һͬ£ͦġºĻش




15  15    

ϻصѧУʱܵУһӭ

ѾԼؽֵĹϵ֪صУ£Ȼ֪ԼѧУʲôܹһ¡

ھЦǺǵУƵġ

ͬѧӮͷһУˣѧҲԽԽϲҪѧУʲôҪ󾡹ᣬҪŸһϿΣҲǿԵġ

ԺһѧĸѧУõİ༶ѧʻʦˮƽõġȻҲõޡ

ˣллУίľܾˣҾͦõģϣиѧϰʱ䣬ҾұȽóѧ

ʵһ£ѾԼˮƽʦĳ̶ȣʵ˵ѧЧʵȷЩ

ʦֻܸϧ˺ܶྭ飬Ծʵޡ

Ȼû⣡УһھʹӦˣǣҲû

У򵥣ԼĽѧ´ĩʱ򣬳ɼܱСҪȻǰôԺͼô

УеǿʤǸرʵˣֻҪкóɼŲں˼ôѧء

ʱҲԼĥˣԸȥѧʮа˾žǱ߹ضˡ

Ȼˣѧ뷨ҪǲУȻֶνʵ

ҪǿСֻҪܳɼУɲں

ҪҲУ̬ȣɴģԼĩĳɼ˲

տʼмʦУķαʾ˷ԣ˵ѧ̫ƽУЦһһӣ˭òƽҪԼ˵ҪҲǲϿζܿһѿᵽУҲУ

¾ôˣʦһɾҪĩԵʱ򣬺ݺѹһ¾档

ҪȻиѧ˲ɣЩʦʱҪûˡ

УʦӾʮּɣıӮˣҲֻкô



տʼʱ򣬸߶ѧԾЩ

˵ʵرȻΣҲӲٵˣֻǾѧϿģϱζѡ

ͷʦͦˣþ֪ĵҪˡ

ʦҪһ㣬ȻҲܸ˾ԼĿĿһǰΣҲȫ㡣

ϾŸ߶ʦã㾮Ŀɼٺãܲڵεĵز

ֻϧУˣ˵ٶҲûãҲֻܰοԼıָѧϰѧǿ˲١

ѧ뷨͸ˡ

˭оϴС꼶һأһͻȻսģȻп˳۵ѧȥ״ƫƫʦҲܣֻҡҡͷ˵Լȥ

Ǻ˴ԾǾܾصתѧ룬ѧģ˵ķ߿ŽˣҲв⣬ûô˳ˡ

Ҳ˶ôġ

ѧУôôأҲ̫ƽˣӾҰȥԺ󣬾͸ĵŮһ𣬳ʱʱ˵Ựӹû⡣

ǰѧεʱҲһѧ鿴ѧʦûˣɰˡ

ƾʲôܹѧϱģֻǿС˵Ͳˣ

Ҫ˵ΪȺڵȨ׼ҪģһñӾ͸˹ȥѧУҲǰףҪǷڼǰҪݺеģ

ǣһŮҲǻҿЩҲ˶ѣûһѧԿԡ

ĽѧģЩһѧֽҲࡣ

˵ߣһŮǡ߽ﻹű־µġ¡ڵˣ磬㲻˵ϲⱾ

ԣⱾ־ı༭ˮƽˣ룬ڡ¡ϷҵƷһӴӴùͷ

һᣬֺȻͣסһҳĿϵĵߺߵλ˺һᡣ

ȻһѰѡ¡غߵЩϹ۵ģ

˺ùȥȷ֣Ȿ־ϾȻҲо֡

Ҳ̫겻ɢ˰ɣ

һʱ䣬̲ס棬ڡ¡ܷʲô

ܲỹѧİɡ




16  16    


ڡ¡Ϸµ黹ûȥѧУͷżˣԼʲô֪ء

һصңͿЦݸһŻ㿴ʲô

ΪԼ֮ǰͶĸӣСļĵˣһϸȴһû˵־

ܿͷӦǽ֮ǰͶƪ

ºܽصͷ˵ˣҵþģ

¡һȫеͨ־ѸҲȽڿ󷽣ټϾƪС˵һ¾ȻٶǮĸѣ֮ǰüƪһѾסˡ

ĵıס㣺ǽ۹⣬Ҷ˼ҿء

һշвãīζ¿־㲻ͬ

´Ȼԭģ˲СĵȡͦȤСʱơеˬĳ׶ζˡ

㣬̧۾Լҽ㣬ƪС˵˸ҸĹɣ

ﲻɸһ˿ǡ

԰ҿûˮƽµͷϻɬǳĺӣиһæ

ˣϲʶʡ

ӵͬ£϶ʶģ۾Цģհ£ǳһٷġ

Ǹһһ㲻Ծ

ôУ˵ϾǰҵæҲڼңڳʳõСһҵǺشĺʨͷþˣһ𿪿硣

ǡҲ֪˼ûпհµˣǿüᶨĿ⣬ֻ˵ȥ˵ɱŶ͡

ϵʱ򣬾ĸþ¶ݳȻŮ˵Ļ

ͬ˵ͳһСߵеҲ֪ʲôĸһ˵һ߿ſڣһ

ҲúȫƵ飬ͷҲоˣ˼ҺЩ˼

ǿǺ°ĸһϲַϧ˼ˣǸʲô

裬֪˵ֲʡ

ĸ֪ȥֵǳĴרж˵ڻû̸󣬾˼ǸɲҲ֪ܲܿһʱ

һ㶡

֪

һС˵ǱԼһ¹ǸҪ

ҪǺ̸ǻ˵Ǻǻ

أĥһҡͷⶼûӰأûʲôǣһ 

ĸʱȥԼɷ򣺡㾭ȥ죬СӲ

ԸЩԣǱϾϵŮ£ʵŶ͵ĸʻһΣǳĸһ𿪻ᣬҲأָСᡣ

ĸעƫȥˣһ۾ʮϧˣˣǼҿɸʲ𡣡

ͳҹϵôҪԺһСӺͳŮˣ˵˼һҪء

ĸ᲻ԼŮίĸС

Ҳ

˵ǳȥȥ˺һỹûлĸ¥˺һŴ

һ˵ȥʺӻһˣûпա

Ƕ˵ʱġϸϸ˵ϻһ죬Ҳ֪ߵˣʲôԭ

̲ס̾

ڶľ۲ͣ룬˵ľۻᡣ

ȻҪǮԼһϾȥʳСҪһ˺شֲˣһҲͰ˿ǮѾ˼ٿǮСľ˵ֱ¡

絽ˣͷŸղӭȥľ£һǰһţ˭ˣòŵè塣

죬Ҳĥ˵˼ǿΪֹ϶ˡ

һˣһ߿ʼӶ

ʱһɬˣҲ໰ܳĬھ±ϣ㾮лҲֻǺǫЦЦ˵ǾдúãԼʵҲûá

ʵ˵˵ӡȷʵǵܲϽ㣬д۲졣

ֹһᣬҲˣһЦҽпڸˣҪǾһϢãشСգƽʱѵóһأ

ȻͶžºͶһüŪ۵ĻЦ

ð֮ǰ˭ǣأҵˡ

ԺӵӡҲһˬʵŮӣ´󷽣˵Ƥߵľ»ƺ«һĶǷϵߡ

Եһ룬Ծ˵ʵҽƤҪմմŮ׼ȥʡĺӢ࣬ʱʲôģҪѽ

ʱкڰˣʣ͸ϸ

ʮְҵ׶Σڰǹ³Եߣͨѧѧ꣬ÿʡἯѧϰĴΣʱڼѧҵԺ󷢷֤飬Ҳϣʻἶ

ʵҲȥԣճߣ濼ˣֱתʽԱͻȻ˵

ߥ޽ҲȥԣȴЦҡͷǼҵĶӹƶھˣһʹ˯ĸȥѽ

˿ݣֱظģҾͿˣʱ㲹ο϶ܹӽҪǲҲһҵӢﻹУӦܰæ

ҿɰͲأӵ۾һӾž£һҪһ

Ȼ˹ߣǶԴ˵ԾǺǰĵɽ𺣣һԶԣʱ򳧰û˱ͷÿء

Ҫ߿ˣͷʱ䡣¿ɲԸⵢõĴ¡

û½㣬ı֤Ҫĩ꼶һͷҸ㲹ϰ˰ɣ

룬ҡͷǿɲУϻǸУ˵ˣѧĵһϲѧУǰһأ١Ҫø֣УֻҲѧʵˣʱҲΡ

˶ѧľ½ʾ֭һرΪѵĿ顣

û⣡û뵽þȻһڴӦ

ð죬Ա߱һ仰ҪǲҲ԰ǲϰ

⻰һ˵꣬ԭľګϺȻһƬը죬˾£˶̲סЦ

ǺӸ߸˴Բ¿ɲˣӲŮǲϰؿ϶ܹˣ

±ţȴһҲֹסĺ졣

˵Ĺϵǳסˡ

ʵҲûӲһ뵽ϱӽ̲סᡣ

ٹ۲۲ɡ̾Ϣ롣

˵ʱ򣬾ȴֶѾ͵͵Ǯˡ

һ㶣ȷ˶Խͼıǰˡ

϶ܽжصķǮӲǰǮ˽㣬Ҫһȥ

ҪӣֱӸ˵ÿ϶ͬ£Խ˵

ֱӺ쵽˶˵ʲôأǮҿ϶˸ģ˵ˣʲôϵûУأ

ֻظһ֪΢Ц




17  17    ĩ

ĸеôûа˵Ĺϵ˵̫͸ֻ˵øɫˣȿǵķչ˵

˵׼ڣҲæһϰ

ϱӼ˲磬һߵģһ־ʵֻҪԼˣУô

ֱ˦һǿĹʵͦõġ

ĸʹŮһĵģᵢ߿ɣ

㾡ܷģĩҸøóɼ

ѧУֱˮ

ҪԽԽȣѧУȴͿյûУǾɹˡ

ԼƺȱݣУĳŵʦҲ治ˣͰѾʱ仨ĺϣŻ϶鱳Ժ˳᰺潲˳㸴ϰһ¡

˵ˮƽԺ󣬾Եĸ˲ÿѧϰĿǰЧ

ƤҲû룬浹Щ˼ҲԸôõĻᣬֻ͵͵Щ

һ۾ͽ£Ҳˡ

£ںܳһʱԸ߿˵·ݡ

µ׵ʱ򣬸󲿷ѧһҸѧΪԤûǰ뿪ѧУͷͼץסγ׸ı˵Ļᡣ

ԭֵУ԰˲Եð٣ٸ߶ƺҲ˴̼Ծ˲١

һ߶ȽĩȻУ԰ͳڿգȫΪ߿ĳ̡

ʡʱһ߶ûѧУ⡣

߶һεĩԾУصؽⲻҪ̫򵥣ҪѶ

ʦҲͱһúԾǸѧǳ

ǣ߶ѧȫһùˡ

ѧʦĥ죬һŵһ⡪ʱѾаˣֻӰûкô󣬶ѧѧ˵Զþһ

ʦҲͬûһӵĴʹѧʦûþ⣬Ƿŵʵ⡣

£ʵҿɲѧı䣬ʦڿʾһ飬ѾǷǳõˣѧûֻԵ

ʵϣѧֳʾĻᶼ࣬ӵʵ飬ʦҲֻܿ¡

ǾͲţѲǸڼѧϰǿŮѧ

ֻϧû̫ʶʦǷѾʯͷ

еѶȣԺԾûмθߵĴ⣿ֻһ۾Ϳ˽˼·ˢˢд꣬Ҳͱȼ򵥵˵дʱ䡣

ʵ˵͸ˣִоĽչٶָģڸðʵĲģԺ󶼳ʵұ䣬˵ѧ̣黹ûʲôѶȵġ

Ψһþ΢˶ԽģôӦϾɱصͼѡ

ѧԺ󣬾ֻһƬҰʦʵ̫̬ˡ

ѧһһ֮£˭û⡣

ĿҲ̫̬ˣ˭óѽڸ߶һ࣬ԭ꼶һίίѹڵڶ޺Ҳ̲סѱԹ

ʾһǱߣãó

޺һӳĬˡλʦڿϷµˣǶһˮƽϡ

ϴСɼ޺е㲻䣬ǿģͳײˡ

Ǽƪ£û̫

˵Ǽء޺˵

Ŀ

ͦɣǳʱ֪εԾоȻ˲ҡ

ϴεԾԱһ£ҲòϣѶȷʵ˲١

ʰ᰺оô

̬ͦáˮƽܰǰͷͲˣԲԵģҲȷ

棬ɫף촽ţͷϻֹס˿˿⡣

Ŀͦѵģ漸ѹ˵

Ҳڰ̾ɫǺ˲٣⣬ֲ̫˼

˵ſм䲻ҪŶ⣬ûʲôôɢ˾Ȼþ˵ʱ̲ס

ԣҲظһ鰧Ұ̡

ԺţķٷֶϲˣһС328ء

һµڷܿҲûʲôôһʱ䲻Щй

֪˼أҲ֪ôοãֻԼԺ·Ҫôߡ

ҲһѶѡ

һֱʦżٻؼңģҲ໰᰺;һϳʱ򣬻ĵʣ治᲻μѧϰС˰ɣ

֦ҶӶˡ

벻ܹҪԼҲֻ˵

һصĩԣһ㶼ûˡ

ÿһƶԾЩĿ˵̫ףҲûǰͷβһ飬˸֤

ΨһһĺΣΪһµͷ౳Ҳþĸо˽

һأӦòٽλʦñԴ˰ɡЦ룬ҲһϾţûܵ֡

֮ǻؼҵȳɼһԺͳһѧУóɼ

ǰѾű·ͳһμӺڿԣΪ˹ְسѪֱͨתܽһŴŽᡣ

³ĳҲˣ֪±صع˵˼Ự˵ỰֺˣʾҪҪŸ

µȻǺԥľܾԽ˸񾭲һ




18  18    

һʱ䣬һ۾͹ȥˡ

⼸쾮Ȼûиһ߰Ž㻹кӸϰһ߼⡣

һ㶼ԼĳɼƾԺ쳣ǿļܿ㶨ΣĻһ㣬ϾſĿҪѸٽ

ҲͬиʮȻѧˮƽ岻ƫɲٳŶʦԣѧѵץأгɾ͸еʱɡ

һأŲСҰģɲԸΪЩȤζĳ˶ʧһĻ

⼸쿪ʼԼеƫ⣬ǰʦʱԾӴ٣ԭ«ưӡԼҲģ¸ϲĻԼɫļϱҲãǰȻܻ˾Ųʮֻ⼯ҪǱصʦ˵ܵұأ

ͺӵĸϰҲ˳˵ȻǿѶҲΨһ˵ĵľӢˣھʷԺҲжѡ

ʱ򣬽ž̵ķӱʼǾӣտʲô㱻ѧʽΡ

пĿ֣ܵɲƭҡá

İɣаա˳дһϱӿİ⣬˵

ʱ򣬺Ȼͷо֣򿪴һǰ᰹ˡ

ıݣﻹһͷҰ˵ѧϰӲҪҴģ˶

ѹͷһţ˳忴һ۾ıӣ̲סӣ׿ˣһ°ɣÿ쿴ЩĿҲۡ

ĿȤôۣ룬ȷֲ˼ֽⷨһдһʣôͻȻˣ

Ұֳģǳ¡ᰵİְʳƷһС쵼Ϊкһˡ

ΪŮϵãҺ;߶Ҳ࣬ǵǰżٵʱ򣬰ҲʱʱΡ

ĭóˮᰣһڹȥ̾ˮֵˣ

ЦǳֲûУ˵ζ߻Щأ

ʳƷҲĴ󳧣Сˮֻڸۻһ˼ҵˮÿɲС˵ʡء

ɱˣ̾ҰΪˮɳˣǳĸ߹ȥܾܲ

˵ʳƷˮ½һ豸ʹЧ̫룬ᰵİְǷֹһģͷͺˡ

ˮܸǳıȡԱЦ

ҲҰ˵ǳиȥѧϴѧôܱȳЩרʹˣҽ¡

ʼ磬ֶԾ˵ҰŮѧУֻϧǲģ˵ѧϰַˣ¿ҪüˮҰʲôʵʵ뷨

ᰶˣҲһɲδս䡣

ҡͷ̾Ǳָòˡ

ھһεûã־¥ºˣ᰻ӻ֣һˣ͸ʱһͻȻ

ֹһ죬ǻѧУóɼӣʰ׼û뵽᰺ˣ˵ǰǰȥרصͻ

ϳҰְһ͹ȥûҪȥһĳţкϳ

ɶ԰ᰵİְ˵ǡá˺ţͰһ

ᰵİְֽа죬ʮͷͣ΢еͺͷʱ鲻̫ãǶŮͬѧǺƢĵͷͷ

쿪һԲͷԲԵĺɫϺʳƷĹƣҲеˣ΢һ٣Ͷॶ죬վаͳöࡣ

һᳵʾҼҺ˵ĳɼ˲٣пѧϣ

һأҲ˵ãһŬ

ᰶžһüŪۣǰͷ̾ðŶãҾǶˣҪȻڶųĻôҲŪֻſѡ

תͷֽѵŮҲǣ˼Ը㣬һúѧԺ¿һרأҲܰһѣ

ᰱӦţתͷͶԾȿͣҪǿȥˣҲŲأ

̲סЦʣ壬鷳ûרҹȥ𣿡

ҡͷ̾ˣ֮ǰĻӢʦϣǳλ߹ϧֻö

ԭʳƷˮӵʡĶǺܿ췢֣Ϊ·;ԶʳƷˮ˺⡣

Ϊ˽⣬ʳƷĳִһ׻ûͶĹװǵȵеʱֳ⣬װʱ̫أļôˡ

ν󣬾ǹװͷƿڵһ˲䣬ƿڻִĭӿƿ⣬ºûнֳڲʧ⡣

Ϊ£һͨƢҪˮװһڽ⡣

ΪװΣҲֻܶͷѹŬ취ˡ

תһȦŴ̨Ȼ˳ԭĹװüʵҲֻ̨ȥŷ޶ڵʱΪģ˵ҲУȫģҲû˿öűǳ

Ӣʦŷ룬ֻϧϱȫǼӢʦÿĿİͰͣȫûãϴѧϧ˼ֻģоҲձʼˮװͬΪ

û취ˣֻĥȥһˣܲ޼Ӣ˰ŲııҪʵڲУҲֻһĻеȥˡ

ҲǼˣȻСڱţЩ⶯




19  19    

˵ܸܲҿҲȷԼܲܰæ, ֻǼ⣬˵ܰŷһ¡

Ҳ֣ѽӢľͲ

Цһ£û̫һ, һŬҰһݸӡ, ǿó, ܲܿ

ȻָСܰæ, ͵·ϴ򷢴ʱ䣬˳ĸо֪ʶҪԡ

һ־Ͱֵİק, ͷһϣզࣺ˵ôôѽ

Ϊӻ˵鰡ЦŮûʶĹҵе, Ƕ˼ҵļϣʸڹҵڿϷأ

仰ʵԭǸȥϴѧģҪΪʼҲ, ò˵, ʲôġ

Ȼͱˡ

װ˵ʵһСӣͼĲïдŸּ, װͲָ, ǰһ;ΣôлѧѧʽأĿö

֮ǰӢʦһŽεĹʽˡ

̾˵ֵǮҪܽص⣬н, ʮŴŽأ

һٿ˵࣬һʱĹ˹Ҳʮ飬Ǿ;һʺܴǮˡ

ǸģֵĻ۾һ, ִյϣСʣöǮܲ׬

ٵķ˷ⲻ󣬾ǻҪֳһУмҲ̫ȷҪϻһ¡

һֵκ󱳣Ǯ׬ˣ

Ϊ˵̫󣬰ֻһ

ҵϹŮֿɻųϺִĵľʷ̣˿

ᰲ˼ĺٺһЦɤ˵װİְ֣ʮŴŽỹǮ׬

һۣӢĸ㶼ʶȫˣ׬Ǯأ㿼ϴѧ˵

⻰᰾Ͳˣ26ĸ米ˣĿҲ˵ӢĿ϶ر˵ˣ꼶һʦѲס

Ӵļٵġ쿴ǰ·ǲţֻŮ˵󻰡

ʵϣھĳɼŮڴţСֲǲϤɼǱԼŮһ㣬Ҳõúޣ߶пκڰǰһҲ͸˼ֶѡ

濪׼ƴһѣŶõʱ䣬Ŀܽôġ

ڰרܽ˶٣ֻҪѧܱɵҪãҾǳûĻĿҪȻָ˭ء̲ס˵˵ꡣ

֪֪㵱ҪǲųѧͲھѡεʱܸڵĳҪʱΣڵĳ͸˶԰ɡһۣرĽӻ

⻰֪˶ٱˡ

ɲ˵ܹû̾

ҪΪԭҲ֪ᰶһ㣬Ǽ˸С

һḸŮĶ죬Ц˵壬ҵӢͻѧɼⱾ˵Ҳܿղ˵ķӦǹװͷƿڵ˲䣬Ϊѹǿı仯¶̼ܽȵı仯Ҳ˽

һ㶣˲ٺŮһοƽأѳͣ

㻹ܿ˼ʡ

˵ˣˣ㻹šߺߵ˵

췵ͷǸԼŮͲСﻹʣ˵˵Ҫʲôӽ

ַ˷ϣ壬ǳǰ豸õǽɣ

һ㶣ͷȷʵ»ǰ豸̫һҲûҵԲŲ֪ôá

ͷ̨õǹѹԭһȻв𡣡

죺ѹô˵

ᰴ˵ĻΣǮأǮλŸ㣡

Ůһۣ첲յѾͷ

Цû£壬̨Ӧиѹװڻϻ͹װм䣬ͨҺѹֹ硣

ͷôǳǸ߹Ҳãǵ˰ҲûŪס

Ҫֳԣڿտ˵Ҳ˵׼

һӼֱ˵ھȥ

᰽УвУǻҪѧУóɼأ

һԴУǻѧУ˳ɼȥģҪܽ⣬϶ٲġ

仰ǶԾ˵ġ

˵ŻͷϺƺ˲٣һ˳ȥ

аͳͣͣСûþͽسǣѧУſڡ

ȥɼһᡣ᰺ٻĶ˵꣬žһһ˳

һߣһ߽ǧҪֿΪ˽ε鷳ʳƷǻ˴أ

ʳƷȱǮ׬׬٣᰸߸˵

Ȼ񰲹˵ŮǸ첲յġ

Цôֵأ˵ʵͦ׽ģ˶ٹ򡣡

᰺һ֮ǰҰֻͷӬһתôãÿ˭֮ǰǵģ

˵˵ЦЦڲٳϣȻһ˵֡

ͷһ档

ũģȥһ˶ףǴ˶سǵ⳵ģͱ·һƬɷףմһ

Ͱᰣǳһ£ӲŲ̫˼߹˴кȻһߡ

ǰ˵ȿѧóɼֵʡ

Ҳ֪Զƽʱżٶؼңʱ򿴼Щ֡

Цһ£нǵĳӣҲǸˡ

ֿһ۾ȻϴͷʣտҲˣؿô

аɣ֮ǰࡣᰴֵ˵

һ棺ҲǣӦòࡣ

治򴽣ֲ˵ˡ

᰻ֹĿ࿴Ұһսʤ˱žʣôҸѧǲܿϴѧѽ

ЦڵŬ϶ٻҪŬһС

ֻҪܿϴѧʮа۾Ź⣬ҪܿϴѧҰֿҲ˵ɵˣ

˵ɡ֪ĵԣЦҡͷôһרܹܿϵġ

רҲУ᰺ܺ˵ӣקžĸ첲ʼЦ

ԱߵȻʣҡҲԼһѧ𣿡

۾ǵʹŵ棺ҡҿ츳̫ãҲ󣬾ǣǡһһѧϰŬϴѧŬСв

Խ˵ԽָͣͷС

ĩ꣬漸ˡ

ھѧϰСоԼĽοȴʧˣܵ˺ܴĴԼʵ̫ˡ

Ŀ̫ѣˮƽ̫ͷһôеĸоԼ뿼ȥôңԶ

ǻصңǸƶĴɽԸĸԼ֧ŮĳЦȴ

ļҾɽеСׯʵҲ̫

汲ԻȻˣǿ洫գǼҵױֻʳ˼ҹҪǿһ㡣

ҵĳŮ»һܵһãĸŮˣ飬ԸǮţȥ߼﹩Ϊֹ

ʱЦףһ޵˼ҵĹŮ飬ǰ׻ˮӣ׾͵ָʣﻹûеڶЦǾ˵Ự

˵ˣûмɽĺҰúܣĴҲٹϣ뿪ѧУؼҰæ

嶼ʵţ㲻Ҫôֻ࣬ܺú飬ĸû飬ֻǿдԼ֣ǶѧʣȴйȻĿˣŮҲһ׬Ǯ٣Щȥ

ô˵˼ȴˡ

֪Լˣһ·ѧϰɼȫΪ㹻̿Ŭ

ԸһѧϰѾ뿼ѧĻᣬҪȻϣҲֻóǰȸŬʮĻᣬƴ׷ȥ

ֻ׷ȥϣıԼˣıˡ

ΨһĵģֻǾ̫ǽ

ȴӭһ쳣õЦȻһ𣬶ϴѧ




20  20    

Ů˵Ż, ǰ೤

һˣ˸߲ҸǴкֶž˵ؿǲ, ܳɼʱ, һ޺ء

һ˵, һ̲סЦ, ĳɼҲǰϱ޺ѹ, Ǹֱ˵ֻ

ǰ켸İɲȻһѧУʦԾд, ʵɼʱʱҲԾС

ô˵ʱ򣬱ָԼ˶ٷ֡

ֻϧ, ƺȫȤ, ֻòЦЦϸʡ

Աߵİ̲סԼĳɼ

ЩӵĿһ۰ᰣĳɼҲ, ʦ˵ؿƫ, ܳɼˡ˾ǰ˲ء

һ⻰᰾ˣɵקžĸ첲ɶĹ, ҰҲ˵ˣҪԷ¸ˡ

೤ʾɼô죬ʲôϲԺʲôģ̣ܲܶ

΢Цܾǿ˰, ʲô⣬ǿһ̽֡

ǿ˵ˣԺɱҷϴϡ

ԥ˰죬̲סҲԼĳɼ

ɫӸӣǿ˵һǵֺܿˣ̾ؿҲ꼶ǰʮأ

ĩѵñ̬˵ķˣڰ칫Ծʱʦ˵εѶȱȸ߿ѶҲأЩ⣬аθߣ

һ뵽Ŀ͸ˡ

ͺ;úã֪ǰǶģͻȻ;ߵýҲµĹ˭뵽ʱ䣬ĽȻҲô죡

ԭĳɼڰ༶ǰʮ꼶ǰʮǻطˣҲǰ˶ʮ

ȣɱȰᰴӵ꼶ǰһ٣ҪŶˡ

ѧ߶һ࣬ѧģ󣬵ǱԸֺ֧ӶеļͥҲٵöࡣ

ÿһѧ󣬶ڴļҳֻϧÿ˶ܶԵһڴ

೤̲סڣôԼûμӾǵѧϰСأҲ֪ڻԸԸټˡ

һ㣬ϵЦ̲ס



߶ĽΪԶͬĹϵѧòβ룬ĶѾˡ

һܼ٣ѧľиЩһʱ֣Եʮ֡

ʦûиڹͷʦǹϾԵƽ׽˶ˣʱ򿴰ͬѧ֣Լվڽ̨ϣҲЦеģ۾ȴ̲סķȥ

ӸߣмƫλãģҲãǸѵõӡ

ôʦҲû뵽ԼϾȻͻȻðôһţˡ

ֵ̨òˣʦſһڷɼϾҪˣѧϰϻǲܷɣܲܿϣܹҲҪԵЩ顣

׻˵꣬Ƿɼˡ

ͣͣһųɼ˰죬ͣ̾Ȼ˵һܷ692֣ϲ㣬Ҳ꼶һ

⻰һ˲š

һᣬС

˰ɣٶٷ֣

Ӧʦ˵ˣ592ϴθ˲أ

Ҳ392εľ̫ˣܵٶˡ

ʦһ692һ֣Ҳ㡣

һѻȸ

ֹ˼ʮ룬һ䡰ܳ

Ҳ˵ˡ

692֣֣ʲô

ѧЩƶָѧȫ޷Ĵڡ

֮ǰǸΪⱻ۷׷׵ŮһӾͱùâɣҲ޷ֱˡ

ʱѾӹԼĳɼһۡ

У֣Ķʮ֣ӦĺĶ⣬Ӣ11894ƵĲࡣ

ĻصԼλ

Ҳ̲סıֿڣֻܿסȵ

ɰɣ϶ɣַôǷܿģžϵĳɼܿʲôƵġ

ǰҲ̲סͷһƼһ֣ʹİͷȥ

ǴֱϹۣ

ɾ̬ǣУߵء

˻

ᰶŤͷˡ



ڸ߶һ

ʦǶһʮıԵĴͷ߽ҵġ

Ǹ߶һİΣҲǸ߶꼶ʦϵȻƫơ

ѧһְǰɼģһĳɼһֱȶõöְ࣬࣬൥ȥһĿư࣬һư࣬Ȼ΢һ㣬ԣһĳɼȻռݾơ

ֳȥһѾʹôضˣͻȻðһʦԼҪײˡ

ٿһ۰ЩЦЦûƤûĳСǣʦԼĹͷҪ

ڵͬѧֻùͷˣͷҲˡ

οԣʵ̫ʧˣʦʹ˵޺ʧֶ̫ˣһ㶼һ

޺ʧͷ

˶ˣͷ԰೤ֻпķݣϻ޺Сʧ˵ڶͷҲȻֻοɴûôġ

ʦֿһȦˣǽʲôУһĳɼôֱһ

ĿҲ̫ˡиѧ˵

ʦЦһĿѣľǵ֣

һʱ䣬˶Ȼʧɫ͸һ˺ܾá

ָｽˮһֱը

ʦ϶˰ɣ

ֱ̬ӣô˿ֳɼ

ǸҲ̫˰ɣⲻǿ山ˣ

һУԴֱһԼĶ䣬ҪʦظһղŵĻ

֣

ʹǷһ𣬶˼顣

ԴֱڣǲԸžɼʵԣһֱᶨã϶ʲôֶΣŰѧУʦѧУƭȥˡ

ǸɵѾͷôܳɼԼã

ԴҲԸʵ

ҦɫҲǳģ̲סתͷһ۷Դ࣬һӣҲ֪ʲô

ͷԴһŵģмƵʦ

ָоֱ͸Լڳǰ˴רŽնµʱ˼ṦһԾǽɶԼһ

ʦʱ򣬾ָо

̫ɣԼʾ֭µ⣬ȫûа˼Ҹס

һʱ䣬оӣʮֲʣһ

ڵѧǲˡѧʦֹסҡͷЩĿôģ

Ľ˼·ȷ𰸻һȥӼƯ

ʵʦмԾõģϾǼƪѧģʵʵڵı¡

ֻû뵽Ӯôɴ䡣

ǿѽʦ̲סզ̾Ϣ

ѧʦҲܴͬʵҶֻڽ޵ʱڴѧʵ￴һأôôϤģ

û˵ڵǣǴνһмʮλѧʦΧʵ飬ûĲ٣Ҳ֮һ

֮ܶǲر𲻶

Уֿ˻ԼѺѺˣﵽⶼ͸һɵ⾢

Ҫѧܳ山ҪѾͼ򵥶ˣټͷʱҲܺúҫһѡ

뵽˴У̲סС




21  21    ʳƷ

У, žһֳϡ

ҡ³Ůɫ˵Ӵ, ò

ǣ᰽İѳɼչֿ

һۿȴŮܳɼ, ʶüôϻصô֣

µ, һ߽ͣĿ, 꼶ڶ˲ٷأ

ȥ꼶ɫ΢, Ȼ˵ǵһأô˲˵

һأᰵžü֣ʦ˵ˣϣ山ģ

ֿ֣山ĴŮȥǳæ, ֻһٿǲ̫Сˣ

һϻԼŮѾͷ

Цסᰣ԰˵, ȥ, ˵

Ѿͷ˵ԼŮĶˡ

ĻҲ˲ϸŮƽ, æͷ, ˳ƨһ˦ˡ

ʱҦǰͷԴ΢, Ҳһ߳Уš

һ̧ͷͿͰһС

ĳҦϳģʷԴࡣ

ԴﻹƣԴ˳ɼ, ҦͱŨŨĵѹţҳһ£ʱҦ⣬æڵĿ˵ӦǰִʳƷĳֺʳƷһС쵼ҲῪ

Ҧ˷Դһۣû˵

ԴŪڵϲŭСʣǳĳʲôʱһȥɣ

ҦЦЦǣ첻㣬Ұҡ

ȻԴһƨɵĺ̡

ȵҦĳԶˣԴŶСԶȥķݺһӰ㵽֣㻹ҲҰڳ⸱

һ˵ţһŽŲվߣԽԽֺݺݴ·һʯգȴԼĽŸˡ

ҦڳϣĿ˺þ÷˵·棬Ҳ֪Щʲô

ҦŮģʣôûã㲻бҵͽÿöûʲôϵ

ҦȻŴ֣е뿼ѧˡ

ҦЦܺðȥ￪ᣬͷ˼Ҫ߸ɲѧˮƽԺ󰡣ѧ϶εһӲָꡣ

Ҧ𣺡Ҿҿϡ

ҦҪ뿼Ұȥϵʦ߰ȥҹϵתȥص㣿ʱҪƢ֣Ūѧˡ

ҦĬһ᣺ɡ

Ҧ¶ɲϣ˾˵һ

ʱ򣬾ѾʳƷˮ䡣

ʳƷмλȻڲţȻһЧ治Ĵ󳧡

ھӡʳƷĳǿɣڿгԺĹƲճʳƷҲһĵıˣʱŹֻһѡ

ˮʳƷĴ󳵼䣬ϸ񣬽Ҳй淶ĽྻʩǼǵʱ򣬳ԱС߰죬˸רҹھڳ

һϲֲ˼Ŀû뵽Ȼˣʵڲ˼æ꣬ȥ

ܽ鷳ͺãûϵġ

Ʋ죺һܸ㶨أɱ˵̫ˡ

һŮŮ·Ьñͽ˳䡣

ղڳϴˣӢͻѧ֣ԸԼܺһѧϰҲѹְһˡ

Դ˰ҲĴм־ãܾɼٺãҲϾֻǸ߶ѧûʲôʵ飬ôҲܱȳרǿɡ

˵ʱרѾء

ҲþһˣĥôӳľóһϤȻǼʧ̾Ϣ

ʱ򣬳ļԱ̲סСʣͰô

Ϊʵ飬ɷ˺üԭˡ

ҡҡͷЩˮָ˰ɡǰôⶼʲôʱˣ

ʱôչһˣұȥˣû뵽רһˡ

ƱܵеרңŹúд

ʱŹѾ¶˿Цֹѹ͵ĹװҲϤҪкγʧˡ

ѹ֣Ķ̲סתתһ۰վڱϵľ

Ź˵Ӣһ㣬˵ǿܿмؼĵطҲû̫Ūף¼΢ⲻλĵطܾɹʮǧ

˵䣬ŹѾҡͷƺ⡣

γæŹ㻯еȨʱɲӣ

ŹЦʲôȨڸ˶ʱͷοҪñӵġЩҲʵûʲôʱӴ

γһվûסֻʳýһСӲǰס˷˵

ʱ򣬰Ȼߵ˼

γһ㶣ԱС£

ܹ԰ɣŹо飬λӢĺã˵һ¶͸㶨ءʵҲû

γ¶ЦͰ߹ϰҲǣ˹ʵڵˣһԷһλһ

˵ŻĹ򣬺γڿ˵νˣȻʮСһͦ죬ϸһ룬ǰ׹Ů

γɫ˲Ͳÿˣݺݵ˰һۡ

æָһλλоͲӢ˵鿴ÿ˳ˣڳϵʱ˹ѹãЩרҵʺϤ

֮ǰҲӢʦ˼˵רҵʻճӢȫϵͳʵڰﲻʲôæ

ŹʱѾűϣųС˵ԼԽ˳˵γҰﲻæҲûٷҾȻȥˡ

γæȥסֲΧĽҰҲûг𼱣ȰҰѰѹأǸС῿ס

Ź̾ҲҰ·ӳⱾ¡

˵ûˣźγߵСǰ

߽˸СӣʻɫǶʮ˵ķ⣬ͷȫһ

ôͣҪ˵ӢŹỳɣɻרҵӢȫһˡ

ҡҡͷСӸԼһǹƭƭȵġ

û뵽ǸоСһһƯţǻԼʡǸӢѧϽе

ŹһҲûкõȥ

ȻȫѧӢʱʵףϤҲǼhellogoodbye֮ճ򵥽ܶѧÿӿӰͰͣƯˡ

οĻһĻ˵顣

Ӣĵİ춼ɵˣ죬˸ûŵͷ鸴ӵĿŮĹֿۣԱûûֻɵֵԼҹŮ̲ס̾˺֮ôô




22  22    

Ź۾, 첽߽ʣ˵濴ˣ

ͷ

һоʲô˼Źָһ֮ǰôĥ׵ĵط

ʵҪ˵𵥴ԭ治ڿ漰һĸרҵѧ, û, רҵ鼮ֺ, ͱסˡ

Ӣﲻ, ĸ´ʵʱȻҲдʸһ湹ʷڶ౾Ͳò, һ棬ƼӢﻹرϲϣ˵ѧһˡ

ʵڶʮ, ҵרҵӢվһŴӣ˵ˣӢĸҵ, ûרŵĴʵ, ҵһƵġ

ЩҲǴɣʱ˵ѧӢҪרҵӢ, ǸɴҧӲŹĿƼ׶, ܾԺ֪˼˵רҵӢ£ʵָӢС˵Ŷѡ

Ҳ˲ٺôѧϿεʱ, ȻĶǻĸ֪ʶǾĿӲǱȱʦĿθ͸ѧѧҲá

ҪȻҲں̵ܶʱͳʡʦϱǰ, غѧУؽء

ƪ˵ڿͦѣǸרҵױǲԶɾͰŹѼѿеĶ䶼ˡ

һһС˵磬ԱߵĺγͰϾϷ

̲ס͵͵Ů˵㶼

ᰣȻ

۾һ˵Ȼһֶ

׸ˡ

ԼɵŮһۣ̲סЦ

ʱѾ12ˣʳõĴʦ˵СѾ׼ˣʱԿγкżʳȥŪһ㣬һ𳢳ʡ

Źºܸߣû뵽Сѣһף

ֿһ͸ԼСӲŮջǰһ仰ǾԲƣŲ⣬ҪúλСʦ

˼Цæƴǲҡ

γҲڱϴȤþƲ࣬ϻܹܹģ

ϣŹԾǳ棬֪ڻڶУɸ̾һʹ֪ʶϵˣԺҷչҪǵģ

˵˵̾ȫһ꣬ȥǻܵǵϵӿȫҪĹˡ

˵ŻγŹһСѱƣ˶ȵСƣ̲ס˵ꡣ

γȾŹһҲһμӹʡĿƼ󹥹أʱһСϿǳĴ󽫡

ЩҲɢˣŹ̾ҪǷڶʮǰӿҲܰ㶫͸

ֻʣһ׷ԲԵݵͷ붼ᡣ

ŹųɶԭֻչӲƾѧϵӲ򣬳Ϊлеŵһ˵껹ѧ˺üҲ⼸Щ궼ò̫

ʱˣ֪ʶٱɷһȴԼĹѾ˦ȥԶһʱ֮䣬֪ʲôǶʲôǴųѵʱȴͻȻй

˱һ磬ǸӰƿˮ죬ȴԱسƹ⣬ͷӿž

ֻһСƣŹƺˣҡͷָźγ˵˵˵ʲôƴģоļʵ˼̭ĶֻǽͰ͹ֿڷԣȴ򵥵ĶŪף

ŹҲǽижеҵӹһ̨ȴֱӿ˲ӣܶǮ˵Ǹз˼ʮ꣬ﶼ⣬һʱ޴֡

߹հŷһ̨Ҫϵľɻ˵˼ʮļĿǰˮƽ⣬˴ѵ㡪ɶǹЩһǮȴֻ˸ͭǿ޵Ķ

ٿʳƷҲǣĶֻתͳ˭Ū׵Ƚ߿ƼһԱȣŹԽ˳

̾Ҳ֪ǹһܲ׷ȥ

ԭͰ᰺ųˮʱȴͻȻӻԵģҺܿ׷ȥ

Źһ㶣ЦʢСⱲӹǿˣͿܲƼ

հʮķԲҪ˵֮ھܸӢֱʮʮķ軰

ȴر϶˵ŷ軰һܿģ׽͸ļȫᱻһ㹥ˣĻеƷԺȫ磬߿ƼҲ׷ȥȵļҲˡ

Źӣ⻰ϲٱҼСˣһҪһ

װˮıӣλ˪һ¡

ŹһЦһڹȥȻλͷѹˣС⻰̹·Ҫһߣһһ٣ȰʳƷǵˮȫɣ

γĻЩزʱһЦϽӵǾͰжλˣ

Źܿ;ȷ֣СﲻֻӢãҲһ㶼ֻ鿼ԵĸȸմӴѧҵĴѧǿЩ

̲סҡͷЦ϶ˣһҲܴ¡

еȫľ飬ҪȻ֪ҪŪء

⻰Ҳǿʵ֮ǰˣ˵ϵİװȻ˵浽ʵʰװʱ򣬻вҪ鴦ϸ⡣

Ź;æһ磬ڰѹװԺˡ

ϣϣ͸Ĳƿڶ׼װͷĳȻɫˮܿƿȻһɵĽšת̼ƿӿȴûǹֱҾ

ڳɹˣ˶һ

γĸ󻼣˵ĳżˣڳǱܾˡ

֮ǰȥо̨ϻԭΪھܾˣֻǽʳƷһС⣬ʱǹɾͷȴƺ»ˡ

ҸŻȥ绰ǲ֪˼һҪҪϹͷŹҡͷ˺γ롣

ҲҡͷҲ̫ȥᵣĵġ

γֻɳλ󹦳ͻ˼ңȻ֮ǰӦĴɲ٣ڳ͵͵˲ʳƷĲƷͷЩɶ쵱Ӳͨ

ʱ֣ĸĸͽͿŴСĶʳƷС˼ҡ

㲻ȥɼôôණ²˼á

γڳĶɲ٣˾·꣬ҾЩϺεĺöˮͷ龫ɺ͸ǱɵȵСʳ

ʱ򶼲òٰˡôණ̾

Ҫ˾ҲõߵģǴԼγǰˣ˾ֻƴҡͷ¶ˡ

ǮҲ֮ǰ˵õĶ࣬ʮŴŽᣬγȻҲչֳʮĳ⡣

ЦŰѶĸţֻ˵ԼʳƷһСæ˼Ϊл͵ġ

ҵֲһ˼ھӹԴĸҲС

ԴһҵϰڵЩ۾ˣӴǼʲô°ɣСŮ࿴ʳƷĶҲǣҵĶôʲôã޸˼ʡ¡

˵ŻȥץһѴǹȴۼֿľ¸סˡ

˵ʲôʱɲˣԺǴѧ⸽Ķ󣡡¿һ۷Դ࣬˵

˵ģԺ޲ȥһ۾ڴƲ

ЩɶǺöд˻߶ˣġ

ֻϧ֪ʲôʺ˵ľҸŪˡ

۹һ룬ۡ




23  23    

ʱʱ, ղ˾ػض˵㣬Ͳ¥Щ˶֡

ʱԺ󣬴һ˭ʶ˭, ¥סĶһͬ, ˴֪֪, Ҳ֪Һͷǵ¡

ⶼСŮûģѧУиʡ

±㽾˵ڿܸ, ʳƷصȥʣЩ˼Ϊ˸л͵ġ

͵СӼҼҵܵʲô, 㻹˼ҳĻɣòῴģãȥǸʲôʲôǰɣǵȷʵǸ׬ǮĻơ

ŮöƯǳҲл˵Ůзǲݵ, ʲôˡ

ȻţڱصСطϷվʲô

۾һɣղ˾˵, þǵרȥ, רҶ˵رأ

ֻЦҲûĻһ¡

ѧɼ, ʾô

ü, ԺҪϴѧˡԽ

¥в˵ϻشУ飬û⣬ֻкȥվԱߵķԴ࣬ο˶ٷ֡

ԴҲΰθѶȵ֮ܺһ, Ҳ˵費˵ŮӼҼҵģɼٺʲôãԺ󻹲Ҫ˵ġ

ΪҶȥɣĸ翴Ҳ˳, ԥǰЦŲ˶Էһš

һˣҵǼŮԺʲôϢ

ȻԼӣ޺תˡ

Цһֿ侮ǸӣСͿó龢

Ҳ߸˷Щǹĳȥɢϲ

ȵ˶ˣ˶žĳɼֿʼ۵ķա

ô֣ǲ뿼ѧУͿѧУˣĸ¶ҸЦ̲סԥǾ̫Զˣ𳵶Ҫɣ濼ôԶҲ㣬ҪʡĴѧҲ

ҡͷСŮǰ;ˣʡѧУȵϾǣȥҲʡǿ

ǵǣĸֺǺǵЦҲǱߺö࣬ϻ費ǻҫиҪҲȥˣ˼˵ʲô

ȷأЦ߿һ꣬ҲûҪȥ

˵һأӦԺҪߵ·ˡ

ȷʵһֱûá

ϱѧʦòѧɼҲȻռͷǾԼ֪ԼҲռŶһֵľѣƽĶۣѧ츳վȲЩž޵š

ѧһŵѧƣѧֻУһУʵЩηˡ

ѧ߿Ŷδȼ֮̿ƾóֻȻʦʦ

һ·Ŷһ·û¾ȥѡ

һأԸʡ

ѡ̫࣬ʱûѡҲࡣ

ڣЩ۵ķնѡ

˸߸˵ģڷȴ˯˺þˡ

ϣҷ˯ţԼɷʣ˵˵ǸС﾿ʲô£ôŪôණ

Ⱥ˯ԺͻȻѣû˵ôģԺۼСȢ˳Ů㶫

ǿɲǣϲ̵˵ʳƷɶˣʳƷĳҲȲۼҵ硣

ۻĥţԺ˽ˣҲҪˮͷ龫һӣֻĽȴţ

ôţİõ˯ˡ

ݵķԴȴԽԽ

ϾǸˣԴԭƻŸеʱȺҦȷϵȵйʱͿԽϵñƣȻǽ£˳õһǿƵ

ݴ÷СҲ֪⣬ҦԽԽͷҲԽԽú壬СƢһԸԼȷϵˡ

Լһȥԥľܾˣ˵Ͼ͸ˣܵѧϰ

ѧϰѲҦҲһѧȥԴЦһһҲܲζ

˭뵽֮ǰǸΨΨŵŵСѾͷͻȻת꼶һ

ѧĵһԴǴûϣ֮ǰҲûѧѧĵһ˲ҲһרԶûгҵǧ㣬οһܿأ

ԴڶԾֻбƭԺķŭþĳɼװģҲ֪ͨĸʦǸ㵽Ծɼȵ߿ʱ򣬿϶ȫԭα¶ˡ

޵ʱ򣡡Դھƽ˲١

ڶĩ𴲣ᰵӴ⴫

ҲһˣϻŲٶ˵רŹлǳһ⡣

֮ǰǺγ⣬һרŴˮлģæ공Ľ϶ܶ٣߸˵˵ֿһԼǸʡĵŮҼҰ˵ٹһѧϰ

ͷѽϾ͸ˣҴһҲѧϰΧ

˸᰺ѧϰƻ飬ǲģǰӸҪһ£ʮа˾ʱͻᵢˣʳƷòԶɴҪʱʱһˣᰵˮƽͽ㻹кҲ˶٣ͷ¿һϡ

֣̫˼ˣѧУﰲ᰸ɼͽ˲٣һûлأ˵ҲţĥǼĺ£ǵӰѧϰ

ԭȥԺ󣬰ĥĥȥڰѰ˵Ҫ;һ𿼴ѧϡ

֮ǰǾã㾮濪ܿϴѧԼŮҲԶ㡣

ۿڳŹǰı֣ʶԼŮŸžѧܣͽ˴ʮʶŮզզҲȫϹ¡

ҪѾͷܿϴѧһ£˯ˣһϾŮ

ûģҽҲҪ׼ԣһ𡣡Ц˵

Уϲ̵˵ѾͷûʲôģԼһڼȷʵҲѧãҲʲô͸ÿҵľС

ÿͷһˣֲпңٽߵİ೵Ҳôհ

ָһгǣһӣʱһ㶼ۣҲҪ׸㣬гƱһһ

ɲУҡͷܾг̫ˣҪ˵ˣҵĺѣһѧϰøʲôǮ

Աһֱż˵ľĸҲסˣǣСǼҶͦϲҲӭҪôƽϣǼҿɲˡ

гڴһҪһߣһ㵱˵ġ

˵ˣﰲᰲϰ֣ôҪ濼˻˵ҪûϿô

æ͵ģ֪ʲôԣҪܿϵȻĺ飬ûϣҲԼûץסᡣ

Ǹòôصˡĸ˵

죺⳵͸ҪˣҪǲգ˵׵ѧϰ

˵סˣ鷳Ǽʶ٣ǲ񻹻Ӱѧϰû˵




24  24    ÿ

첻˼İŰᰵͷҪ˵, ҲɵŮǳ鷳

ԭǸûûεģɼʱֻɵЦɼõʱ, Ǻ޲úȫ˶֪

, ʳƷ᲻˶˵, سɼ˴, ˵ϣϴѧΪʲôߣͶһ, ˼ҳɼò˵رḨˣⲻһ£ᰵĳɼʹӵֱһٶ

ټˮ, ֣ôʳƷְмһӴˡ

һϣͰǸоǲر, ϵ, 뾮ȥҳεġ

쵱˰һ٣ⲻǸ˼

Ҳ֪Լ, ѵʵʵѵһ, ʱ򶼹ԹԵĲ졣

ҲΪ˲Ҽ⺢ӵĹҪ˼ҲԵ鷳ȥֺ˰һ, Ѿͷ߳ŲƨҲһˡ

ͷ°ɣ˵ˣ۽һһ, Ժ󻹿һȥء

;ˣ

˼ʵˡ

ᣬҶסһһһ鹤̧ͷͷģܾҲ鷳

ʳƷѾˣò˶ãϢҲ᲻٣ϾڵĴѧòˣһϣĻѧģйþһ̣

ֻһˣҪ׼߿ôྫָˣѾ˰ᰣپܾ׵ˡ

԰һгװװǰżҪҲ˼Ҿϰܱܲгٰɡ

Ȼԣӿúأһ£͵ס˾˵̽

װĺ⣬ҲȷʵӰ׬Ǯ룺˵ȷʵеһ֮ǰûгƱһֱûƱҾͺսˣǮǶͷ˵͵ģʵ̫಻þܾвУ

һʱԥ

ҪǲǮҾҲһˣ˵Ҫ׼߿ûˡ˵

̾ҾͺƤӦˣ飬Ժ󵫷õҵĵطֻܿڣ

ڶ죬һոµĶŮʿгͱ˹ֳӱȶ˴ܸСƯɫǻõɫȻ۸Ҳ

ǰ˵ԼھѣǱõֵģֻϰ˴ܵļ۸˾Ǯ

ᰵг;һģһ⴩һ˶㣬ڳϣڳܳϵӱȣҲ˶١

һȥһȦ᰸߸˵

þûгˣʱҲЩ⶯ŮոµŮʿڳת˼Ȧ˲˵ĿۣȻĴ̽Ҳһ˲١



ҲʳƷӵܣͬѧ飬ֻڸ߶һ࣬Ҧһࡣ

Ҧ̫죬ȴ֪ôˣźȻ˹û뾮ŲϰΡ

Ҧһ־ʶüҡͷ˵ûС

ʳƷˣ˵˲ϰˣǸۣǽаǸ˺üʮأ˵ϴѧûʲô⣬̾˵Ҹ˵ĲϰһŮʿгôһǮóĥ㲻Ů趼ǳܲ˼Ǯɣ

̽ҦǰûټǴ඼ǳԼġ

ҦҲ˵ζֻҡҡͷҸ졣

ˣôõĻôܲץסأźɸֵ˵ǳܲԼѧǿɣ㻹׼ҵԺͽ飬ʵʵڳһӣ

Ҫû⣬Ҧôġ

ԺǿҲʵ֪ԼͷǻһԼסˣһӡ

ڣԭȷδ󣬺ȻĵӰһ紵˼˿

;ˣбҵͽˣ󣬿ֵܿĹϵһСɲʵʵӣźһģһ켣

ǰδʱͻȻûôˡ

Ҧ죬û˵

ſҦûͻƣȥҰᰡ

ʵͺͰִˣֻϧһгˡ

ſɲľôֻһгϴѧʲô

ֻϧһиܵܣĸܻܵôͶ룬ŮҲжѡ

ƾڳǹܵãŲҦһðְ֣ҲĵһӹˣΧߴæϡ

ֻϧƤҹȥһ仰Ͷˡ

ھѧϰҰֿһгģ˼̣᰺ʡ

˴С˼һӵĹ⣬ȻӴ֣ҲɵСʱԹؿٲԸˡ

ЦģҲǾͬѧѣôСɣ

һۣ˼Ҫ߿ˣʱܽȷʵûôྫ

ȻͿͿˡ

ȻһŽʦ꣬ҲǼ˾һѵʥĸ˵ˣȫôˣʥĸҲܱ

ҲˬӦԭ

ϾͲ¥ſ̫ˡ

᰿˱ˣͷԲ𣬶Ҹǵ鷳

ûְᰣԼа᰺Ľٶȣ㰲ûдͣò˶ô̽Ҳ

ǲ٣һ飬ֻҪ̸ʣܴܿسǣοǼССĳء

٣ÿÿмѧݣʵҲ˱׼Ǽҵİ취Ѿ˲鷳ȥˡ

ЦúðѽɣԵˡ

̾ſ˻ȥ

飬Ѱ

㣬һѰʱ

ͷһ˿綼ûУҶȫ˿֪˶вˣûɵż

ҵȴͦ죬һͰˮţˮﻹ飬ȱ黯òˣᰵˮִĭµı飬˳óһ

Ұ˼£̰쬵ıϻ˵ʱ򶼴ܵƮ

Щǰص͹ǽģһ͹Ļмѩϧڼûб䣬ѩҲ治˶ãֻܳűûлϿԵ

㻹Աְһѩ⣬һһʾ

ҲˣҲ̫࣬Ķܲˡҡͷܾ˳дһҳֽ

⼸һ߰ﰲ᰻нͺӢʱ̬Щĵã˳־д˳׼ĳȥ׬ѡ

Ǯ˵ɣڲ׬ײ׬ġ

ѩ⣬д֣ôдӢĸˣƪĳȥˣ

죬ÿ춼ܿͬĿڿͶ壬ʲôѧﻯѧУ翴ľˡ

ҽϰʱһҼĳȥˡ˵ڰƪβ˳־׼õŷ

Сдò֪ʶϵȴаҲֻΪ׬ѡ

дõַƱȻԼҵűˡ

ʱ˭ŵģһ۴ͷ÷ȵù̵ĵ棬ֵ롣




25  25    Ϣ

, ȴһ벻ˡ

ҦվűϣҲȵģͷһεδӶͷջ, ˼ִСİ, ЩǱ

ҦûסƬ, סڳһߵ쵼, ʵõ¥Ȼ, ÿһ׶еĲסűͲ¥ˡ

ҦҪӣصؼ˸ٵʱûϵô, ˮ̵ü켦Ҳˡ

Ҧվھſ˰죬׹, ڼ˿紵, ȶʱһգȴøˡ

̽ͷ, Ҳ, ʱɵű

Ҧ̲סһ¿ˮúеð̡

Ծ˵ܵ˵˵

ҦͻȻֻĪָָһ򣺡ǲҴˣԴסǱߡ

˵Ż, ׼š

ҦæýŵסţûҴҾġ

֣ͣʣʲô£ֱ˵ɡ

Ҧֿһ۰ᰡ

ֱӵ˵, ûʲôġ

ҲʲôܺҦ˽˵ġ

ϱͣʵҦֺ۵ġ

ԼˣҲĽĺü

Ǻʹˣ̬ƽȻȻϲҦ𣬵黹зĹ࣬ҲŪ˷ԴǵС˼

Ҧ𶥶һưͣԴŷζ׷ȥĹ

ֳôЩ飬ҲǷԴΪֺҹƣҦʼհڳĶһ߸ϵ̬Ȼ˺ޣûô֡

ھҦĸйۣǸôϲС̸ϣҲ򽻵

û뵽߸ϵСͻȻýŵţֺҰѷԴ˦ˣҿϴѧ

һ㶣ȻһЦ

⻹λС浱ȫ¶Χתأ

ʲôʱͷԴƣҾԸ߸˰һݴȥЦ˵

ҦһҪʲôŰңһг

Цøãˣ˵ˣѧϰ黹ҪԼﲻæ̫ȣȥɣɱˡ

˵꣬ԥҦţʹ졣

û뵽ôһ죬ֻϧԴûζԻ

ʵͷˣǰԹޣһ̲ųɾ

һжһˣļѽӵиõһֻ׷ڵĲ

ڷԴҦ𣬰ôôأǲںˡ

߸תͿᰶԼüŪۣ̲סЦǱѩɵˣ

ʲôѽ᰼ڰȥΪ̵üˣҭղҦʾˣҪ㸨ΣϧԴǸûڣҪȻкϷˡ

ҧһڱ⣺ǼһǻãһžͱСˡ

Ե㣬ûסҲһ˺װҧʵһͦϣģͲҪȥˡ

ԴСˣ΢ƾſϱԺŮ˻һģҦߵ磬Ҧʧ̣عҲ̫á

Щ飬ͲǾĵ˵ġ

̺Ͱһѩ⣬һ߸Ű᰼⣬ԼҲһα

ԼչԼһ߳ģԼдѵҪأıʲô

ӣ̫ڽˣҲþƣߡ

˸׼;ǻؼˡ

Ҳȥߡ鱾Ҳ׼ȥ

ñѵĿյһˣҲȥ

û뵽¥Դͷ

һУղŵ£̲סЦ

ԴҦһӻңʱֱЦĪûĺǳЦʲôЦɵһ

ЦøˣǸɵӣҪ˦˻֪

Դһʲô˦ˣʲô˼

᰼ЦԼҦȥǻá

ԱεҡͷҲˣ׼ŰȥܼȦ

Դȴֱӳ嵽ǰǲҦǰ˵ʲôˣ͸˵ܣ㲻ҪһԸ

ȵ죬Ҳ̲סЦҲܣģǴףҦܳɵġ

ں˸Ͳһ·ˣ׷ҲȫһˣԴɵĻֻúЦ

Ҳ֪ƾʲôôţе츳ɡ

εʼ磬Űתˡ

Դ࿴ԶȥıӰܲζ˵̫ԭɡ

þȻͱһˣǰˣҦе񡭡ҲԣҦֻǵĽȴƺ˵ӡ

һԼ˦ĳŮˣʲôʸԴԽԽһӰԼϵĶҵϣΪ˺ˣصظҦæ۵¼ȴǸѾм䳹ѿ

ŮԴҲֻܺ޺޵һ䣬Ŷתȥȥˡ

ͰЦһᣬɫ԰˵ûУú飬ǳҵĴСҲֻίԼ޸ֻпȥˣõˣʶķ羰

ĵͷȷʵһǲܲ

˲иྫѧϰ

ᰣҵ»Ҫﳵȥأ˶ôˣȥԺһҪ˵˵Ц£Ӵɲһ˱Ц

ѧﱾǸӵܾӶ࣬᰸һرۺ»£һܿҾͶ֪ˡ

ҲùȻЦҲ𾻹ź˳̸ϵҵǵ컹Ҫأ

һ֣֪˾ʦҾȻȥˡ

¾ӲԼܲܵþ͸ƨɺͷŻһ

ҡҡͷԼڳ˶Ȧȵֹס˲ͣ

¹ĳߣ˶Ǳ߲Զһؼҡ

õļʱ°࣬ſڵһᣬкüģ붼Ǽкӣôѧϰɼģͺĵ˽飬ǶָεģҲһòˣҲͳһҪ׼߿ûôʱ䡣

˶ǽģҲ˵Ҹļ룬ֹˣȻв̫µˣ죬˵þЩͷˡ

˶˵ûʱ䣬ô˻أͻȻһڱһǽѺӡ

ӽ㣬۾Цüûˡ

ԴӾ߶ηѵ鴫ȥӾû̫˼ˣżҲǽҾµĻᣬ̼ѡ

ҽרģЦиϢ˵




26  26    

һϸ, ֪ǹڿԵ¡

ԭºͺӱǸڰ࣬ҲܼңʡĴ쵼ǰЩӾְѧʽܲ, ֶ, һӶ١

ԭĿ, һӶ, ܱ֮ǰˡϲ̵˵

ʵҲǳһ쵼ӵܣǱ۸ڶҦ, ӿ׺Ͷˡ

ҲǸ£ȷʵǸѧϰӣֵӰԼ˺üҪ, ϢһҲ˵ˡ

źӣӽ㣬ҲǼ, Ŷҽѧϰ

ӾЦϾǸ, Ҳ˼

˵㾭ǰҵĴæҹҽ, ʡ˲ʱأ

ʵô˵, ӵĶ٣ɱöˡ

ӵȻͲãͷ˵³ԹǼҡ

̲סӴԼͶ¡

Ǿ̸û̸Ҳûҽʡ

ǵúӾڳ칤, 칫úͶǸڡ

ӾЦֻ˵ҪԼȥʾ¡

¶ҿɲ˵ҲӱģҪ˵̫͸Ҳáһ˵һЦ, ֮ʵҲ͸Ϣ

ˣҲֻܳ̾һ

ӿԣʣôﲻͬ⣿

ˣڳĵõģΨһҲֻˣĸߡ

Ů˵Ǽ顣

Ҳǲͬ⣬ҡͷܾﲻģҲ֪ҽӵúܣ˸ƭˡ

ģظ֤ˣҲ˵Ǹʵˣ۸ġ

ҪͺáҲֻЦЦ

ϱʵû˵ˣǱ˵£˾Ǹбµģǲ֪ͽϲʡ

˵ŻڴӳˣһЦӴôһˣ

кϢ㣬áӻϲϲžµ֣ͰǸϢ˵ˡ

ǺϢҲϲЦһۿԥˣǡ

ӵȻ֪µĹǣǾ֮ǰˣԥžµ֣͵ҿ˵ˣûҲʲôһѧҲá

ڵͷӦˡ

¾Ⱥͺӵ𣬸ԻؼңճӹȻͰԼˡ

ĭﻹʣ¼һˣɢˣſʼѧϰ

ĸ˸ɾ㣬һʹɫͳȥȥˣҲѿռѧϰĺӡ

ҹĻ٣ǵ㣬⴫һưŹƨСļĵ߻Цһ˼̻

ͷ˻飬΢Ĭڱддһ׾󡣡

ʵæµӹø죬һۣپ͹ȥ˴롣

µףѾȴϻⱵʱ򣬰֮ǰȸҹȴĵ¶˿

ڰѸζˣĿҲȫԾд׶Ž٣ǲ֪Сдöԭ򣬻ǱĹ

Щ˲ĳȥЩܿ͵˻ظŻһŻŻƽʱûʲôǮĵط˸С⣬ţȻҲ˼ǧʱôǮѾһʾ޿ˡ

ǮڶͶʵʲôͷ

ѾˣȻгѾ˷ڴλǸַʱг̫Сر

˵ˣ۷ǻҪЩأûҪؽͶ롣

ֻмǧǮҪϸŲźá

ȥòʱ򣬺Ȼпá

Գ񶫣֮ǰʳƷ;ŹĶӣʮͷͣŴʱкӲ̫һһ˶ţп㣬žܾöûĳζ

ǱҰֿϵ϶ûеľϴһƦ˫ֲſڴɵʡ

ģеĹŻеӰĵ߰˳ɡ

濴ʲô£

רģҸ㶫뵽Ұôһˣ㣬񶫸֣񶫣ڽҲһСҪʲô飬ҵĴС

˵ǻһɹŻеζ

˵УͦȤҲ֣ʲôġ

һ֮²֪ѻǸղذߣعΪ˲һ״Ʊ˹߽ء

һ۾ˡ

֮ǰҲĥռŶ±ƭա

Ȼᣬæ˵˳Զٷ˳·

ӴСҲϲ񶫾ͦ˼ģԳЦһ˵ҪСأҲû⣬ѻͦ˵ġ

ǾͺƤȥ

ΪѸ࣬ҲǸܹŻݱС꣬û뵽ȴǸ˹˹ĵˣҲǶʮͷһھƬӣԳϾš

ܾеֵֹʣҲû룬ֱӾ͸ղصŵ

ϾźЦĿʮСʣʲôأЩ

رֱ׵˵˵ֵ

Ͼֱҡͷͷˮ̫·¾ɷµҲ٣ҲܶŵҪ׬ǮŶ⣬Ǯ׵öࡣ

ԭǸүԳԼر飬л꣬ϺȥϾҲôʶġ

ôһӣҲѹԸͳصŹˡ

ʧҡͷһҪѧأûʱ䡣

ϾЦ㻹Ǹ߲ˣǾͺúö飬ѧԺǣҲһʱġ

˵˵ţϾ̲ס԰ԼչıһöƷıֽߴһ߻Ʊ˵

һţһյС뻻أҲֵˡϾϲ˵

֮ǰ״Ʊʲôʱ֪ԭ峯еƱ

öƱ͸ĤѹҳŻ˵ĲۣҲʵƷʲôζûһʣϲʣкƱ𣿡

Ͼһ㶣˰죺˵ȥĺƱֶʾеǣʲôյģԺƱҲͼ״Ʊе˼

Ȼ;˵20ʣʣɽһƬ죬˵ЩͨٵĲղؼֵôֵͨƱÿġ

ţ۾ȴһ

Ͼ˵ЩƱ󣬵ҲŪĴڣɺһ˶֪ĺƱʱȴѹû˿ϡ

ⲻõĻ




27  27    

27 

λ, ֱӾȥ˳ſڵʾ֣ûкƱ

ʾֵĹ̨ŸС, Ѿ, ֱϵƱͶ壿ɢƱ, ¥ϵĿⷿһ, Ʊ𣿡

ݹȥһǣǼõģŷڼ￴

Ҳʰ, СЦҪɢƱģҼǵÿⷿﻹмķأҪҪ

ϵͷ˵ҪֻҪǺƱɢƱĶҪ, ķȫҪˣС㣬ٰȥоִ, øƱ

£ɲ, Сȵ㲻Ǽ, һž, ôʲô

֮ѾЩˡ

ɴһǶ˳ȥСͰæͦϲŵͼ˵ˣƽʱֶ, ˡ

ҲǣҲǮСǰǣͷӡﾮͶ, յĸҲ٣Ļ˶е񱣬˵ء

ҵȥⷿ£һ£ٹǮҲȫҪǿҪٵǮСٴȷһ顣

鷳ˣҪЦǺǵ˵

ڶһ磬ʹǮˣΪõÿ죬ⷿĺƱʣò࣬ҲʮƱʮΪűɢġ

ķò࣬Ҳס

ʾֵĺƱǰƱֵһƱʮСƱÿֵ˷֣ҲһţкƱһܹʮë

ôǮֵһгʮƯȹӣһͨ˽һĹʡ

ɶڵľ˵ҲһСִѣҪ˽ǵġ

ôһֻʲôÿģС۾ֻë׵ĺ￴˰죬ҡͷȫҪ㻹ҪҪģҿͦÿġ

Լһ㲻Ҳ֪ƱֵǮɴҡҡͷʮŴŽ͵Сѣȥо£һٶһ㡣

СǮȷ־Ķ൱ԼһµĹˣõôҲܸɴࣺУҾȥʣշвãӦûвٿ棬ˣһҪ٣

ĥһԼϵǮںƱļ۸񣬱ŵ͵ԭȷʣٰüٿǮģһС

СĬһ£ɹǮģҰȥʣööٰɡ

򵽺Ʊûãպ÷ŵ¾ʹӳšõĶ䣺ôƱʲô

ȻΪһʹ¶ȥˡ

С󣬾Ҹĸֻ裬ܽ̾Σ䵽ˡ

ǾҲǸƢõģһ㲻㷢Ƣȴˡ

֪вǮ·ʳģҲܣһ򼸰ٿǮƱŪˡ

ǶܳԲܺȵģҪôʲô

Ҳû뵽ô죬æ㣺ûһǮ㣬Ӧ֪ʰɣҾΪ˼ʡ

²ŲţҵȻ֪ǳҲмʵģǴӼĹŷռƱɲһ

ʮ绰ռȫżƵרѼصʻȻѵ£ǻûǮ

˼Ȥã־Ǵ˷Ǯˡ

żĵö࣬Ҳһô࣬ҪµĲ갡˵һ˺üǧƱֱӳһͼܻˡ

̾˵㣬ʵͶʣЩƱԺֵġ

ͶʣʲôͶʣͶѰɣ¾¸ˡ

Щܵϣ˽µСĶܱץȥȻſˣǴ˵ľĻڣҲǳʲô鷳

ģЩƱҶǹؾشʾģʲôͶѣ˵ˣһʱҲ˵

ղڴԼǵļ﷭һںƱ¡

׺Ʊ1980ʵ粿еĵһФƱʱķȻȲϴƱôϡУҲ̫࣬ټϼ֮ģ͸ˡ

꣬гʼ٣ԭĺƱ۸Ϳʼ˵һǣֻǿʼܿ죬ƱͻΪ޴ͶʻرʳΪ˿еĴ棬ںƱĹ£Ҳ֪

ǲ̫Ʊ˶ٱֻԼǵÿţ˵Ʊֵһ׷

ʮƱֵʮ׷ˣ

˲Сľ̲סһ

£֪Ⱦ׬Ǯף׷һ㣬ʱֱƱϵűǧˡ

ڣҲδĵѡ

ЦԽ˵ңƱ˿ˣҲŲأԺҺӽˣҾһųȥ㻻׷ӻ

»ǻƻŮõĻ뻰һӾͺˣ˵ʲôɵأ⼸ǮĶܻ˷ӣ㵱˶ɵأ

µǸӣ˵˼俴ȰãҲֻˣֻþǮ׬ףҲһǮҪ˸ƭˡ

ֻΪʲôԣһʱ嶯ôƱ

ϾĸĸҲ˵ŮƱ£߶˼䣬Ҳû̫ܣǾĸ׸ŮƱǲǼۣƺҲЩ⶯

Աţ˼ؽš

ڶ쾮صȥһʾ֣ЩСҪٰ˵ˡ

СһĲ˼ϾһʴǮҲǲС˵©죬ģоѣʱ򲻾ֱǡ

˵ŻѹʣǲʲôˣƱǲҪǼۣ˵ǵһФƱ˵вСղؼֵء

ֻЦ˵

ѽ͸͸ҪٰٿǮģҪǮС

ҪǮҲԸռףġ

ĻҲ˵ˣֵܲһ׷ȫСԼˡ

СʱϲЦտҾ֪ЩĻϢͨģƱõ֣׼Ǯɡ

ȻһڣСѾֱӴʮĺƱһķֵٿСβ͡

һݸ߸ˣôƱܳ;Щţһ߲һ߰Ѷ鿴ʾĺƱв٣ͷϻ̯һٶǮأ˵ⶫǼۣ

ݸһŽ᣺ⶫֻܱܿŵԽԽֵǮ

ΪԷţãֶ͸˵Ϣȥ

һ׷ӵ֣һ޳ɣҲʲôõˡ

ݸ߸ôǮˣɴҪתɻֱӴȥ

ôУݸ߸ǸʵˣԸռıˣСһùǮҰȥ·ϳ·Կɲ٣ǮҪǶˣҿô죡

ٿǮҪѣСҲûҪԼˣҪݸ߸ԼҲ׺ƱС

ݸ߸ЦҲԼףҪˣǳԷ




28  28    У

28 

, һֱķ

˵ĳɼͻͽصѧУڽǣ˵, ׾پ͸׬һг, ⼸͸, ˵С￿Ͷ׬˲Ǯ, Ʊһ˺üٿġ

ͷ, ôǮһ̨ڰ׵ӻˣ

ǮɲôģҲһߵģĳĸĸ˵СӲ, ôҲܹܣôЩǮŮ޳ȥˡ

ֻЦӻС, Ҳż, ˵ˣԼ׬Ǯ, ĺ˼ء

ĸ˵øЩֻҪΥ, ôô˹ܵô

Ҳ˹ȥԴ裺˵ϼϱô׬ǮԺǼҿкӹˡ

ϼݺݵ޻ȥ˭ϱ, Ҷ׵úܣٴЩеûġ

һţֻڵóӶˣҹҹڷԴͳǧĽչ, ɲܱҸȵͷȥ

ԴűҦ𷴷̬ȵθڣؼĸ׵߶òˣҦ˵ҲҪѧȥȷʲôϵ

ѧϼһѽҲȥǸëѾͷܿƾʲôܣҶӱǼҹŮǿˡ

Դһۣ˵ʲôѽѧô򵥣ʮа˾ҲǸƭӣԿϵġ

ǳɼƭ˵ģϼɵʶӡ

˵ˣСѾͷѧУŶ֣Ϊ˵òˡ

ĿУʲô˵ģСѧʱһҲ֣ҪǾСˣָֻá

ǣǰĳɼֲǲ֪Ŀһӽô졣Դʮƶ˵

ϼָҾ˵ˣҲ֪ѾͷôƭѧУʦģô˵Ҫ¶ڵġ

ϿѳǧãԺȢ˳ǼҹŮ˻˵ʲô뵽⴦һüɫ

ԴҲһʤȯյģֿϼǣ裬㻨Ǯ̫ˣٸҵ¡

ϼһŭܲŸʮ飬ôôͻˣ

ԴⲻΪ˺˼ҿǳҵģʶ࣬Ҳر𲻺ú塣

Сôôݳ˷أԺǼϱɲôˡϼ鲻Ը˵ţһǿͳǮ

ǮɲԴ˵ţֱӳµʮԪŽᣬ֮ǰݹǮҲͬûŹȫһԼģӱ֤Ҧÿ

û˵꣬˾Ѿˣֻںͷš



¡һѾˣ½½յĶ߷̸ȻһƪƻС˵ʱơ

дʵֲͦڣûʲôƯżıˣǹдȷʵ⣬Ҳʮ

ʱһƪӵı༭лͷڱ༭˲С顣

ϲĿ·󵨣Ժͷ񣬲ϲľд̫ףԻڣƻͥȶг

ȡõǹ󣬻ʱƣɹдҲ̫ˣǿƻС˵ҲϹ˵ʮѣᷢչĿôġвϲϱ༭

ʱơĹʼ˾ʮĩһֱд˶ʮһͳȻ˵Ů뿪ͥһҵĹ£ֻһƪƪѣ»󻷾͸һɰϵĴʣȴԵЩģƳĻϱ༭УֱäĿֹۣäĿš

ϲƪı༭ϾֻһƪƻС˵ֲֹǻ£˵ˣ˵ǹһܷչ̶ȣ

ϱ༭һЦһúСһʶģ

İģְƪʱơһܲλá

Ҳͬ飬˿죬Ҳͬ٣ˣȶȾˡ

ֲֳڹ£־ϲģ˼Լͷ

ߺһѧʦлǵһ־ƪС˵ı༭ߵעҲ΢һ㣬߲ͦģںüѧڿ϶¡

˵ͨѧ־ͽѧڿҲûʲôཻ̫лĵҲǸѧʦǰпиѧ˸ˣڸӢڿ϶˸ӣͦߣǲ֪׽̵һƣôôྫŶȥһš

лһʣȴһϤ֣λҲһ;ˡ

˵ָڴ־Ϸµˣкܸߵļͬһ־Ͷ壬־Ҳϲձ֤Ϥߣһȥģ߼Ϳܷչɳĺϵ

ȷʱơ첻лľһֱڴĵڶƪӣֱ˵˿ʼڽѧڿˢȥˡ

ܱû¸ӵʱ˳Ͱ˵˳

Ҳ̲סһ㶣һѧ˲ţ

ţǴĿĽĶҲúȤлģѡʱơĶŶĸȥ˳дһԼţ˿ǳ˵Ժܳɸء

˶̲סЦҲû̫һ¡



µףʡﺯڰĿڿʼˣһţп㣬ͺýһȥһ뿼˵о

ڱصֻûʧͬ㱾Ǹƽӣֻ˵ǾȻǵȳɼˡ

ڹȥ⽥Ũѧѧڿ쵽ˣҲʽΪ

ʱ䣬ᰲÿ죬ѾѧýƣˣǾɼôˣűҪŬöࡣ

磬ſϣֽֿϷܱʼ飬ȻԺҪʲô

Ļ±ʣ룬ȴԼʵҲ֪

㻹ôŬ᰾ˡ

ԭΪĿȷ滮ʮԺˡ

ЦȻ˵ʲôϣõʱʸѡϲ·

ϱӵĽѵѾþףֻԼ׼ãŲת˲ŵĻᡣ

ҪȻڵʸûС

ᰵʾݷ

ڵ˷Уգ˵ѧϰһÿܻĸ˴СĶŮѧУԲůί

ΣѶóȥֱȥ˺þãǿ˵㸺öò

һϣȥİ೵ҲΪУգ˸࣬붼ѧѧǣԴҲ೵ϡ

е飬زصҲۿȴ˶ûע⵽ֱ೵ʳƷһվԺŷ֡

ǲҦˣſھСʡ

˭֪ءҡҡͷ

޹ʿĸͲȤһһ𣬶Լûʲôϵ

ȴֻЦ϶Ƿˣǵùӡ

ֻЦʰԼõҵû

ᰵͿȥǱҲ̫ˣĿôꡣ

ȻǱһϾɨˣʺĿǰĳ̶ȲƼģһҪ꣬ҪȻˡ

Ϊ˭һҲ֪ЩĿģһ£ֱҪҵˡ

ʵҲǾƵͶĺô

⼸ͺüڿı༭ͨţЩȻڽһߣǶѧƸĿ͸鶼Ϥ˵ռָ߿̸ϣ˶ܿİֱò˹лваģԼˢһ鲻˵˳㻹ﰲ᰺ƶ˸ϸˢ滮

Ȼп࣬ʵʮָмˢٶȣǰ˲١




29  29    

29 

ٹȥ, ѧУ԰֪Լ߿Ȼµĸͷ, Ȼв˲һ, ȴָǶδ֪ãͽơ

ůˮƿվڸ̽ͷ̽һ, ʶ, ֪һк, Ҳ˭ģͷЦ˼ʣǰľû

ʻ˷ͷ￴һۣҡҡͷû, £

ɵҡͷû£˵ͦģ뿴ʲô

Ա߾ЦĽɲǵһ, ˵Ŀѧ, УҪ̨Ͻأʱ֪ʲôˡ

ôզ, ˼Ŀ첽뿪, Լȥˡ

һĸԤɼϧ߿ʱ򷢻ʧרķ߻˼, Լڼ죬ڻǾٸһꡣ

˿Ծȥˣõ߿ɼһܺ󣬾»صѧУ, Ϊͷ̵ĸһԱ

һѧò̫Ҳûʲôʵĵط⣬Ȼ㣬ϴרߣֻȥѧУһѡ

ʵϣרѧѾڸˡ

һһĶڸಢǾҲȻˣܳɹϰġ

񺣴ĵͦЩһȥˣ־÷Լϣǿ϶ֲȥġ

ƿţշůˮƿۣڿѧˣ˵һиʦõˣ֪֪

Ǿɣ˵Ǹ߶ʱͻȻġϴ

ѧ඼һֻģǶԳɼõѧȻע

˺棺ɲǣ˵ǸŮģ˵ôѧģ

ŮĿưģҲȫû˵ģȫȫ鱾Ĺѧ

Ҳ뻰⣺ǣ˿ɲˣ˺üƪ³ȥأǿûҿ˾ûͦаġ

ʲô£ʵ

¶һֵЦ岻ͼݹ˳ЩеĽ̸ڿµļڣҿüƪأӢﶼУ˵˸ж

Ȼûˣǽ񺣼ѾΪ˾Եܡ

ʲôڿǿ¡˺ʵ

ҲСóƪӡ˿

Ȿڿʦ칫ҿ˶бͷˣ̲ס̾ǲǱʦˮƽˡ

ҲôȰɡҲ˾ô˵ͦŤġ

ѧʦʱҲһѧ洧Ħ

ͲˣǸֲ˲٣ƫƫĻأȻձƽϵ֪ʶҲǲУЩһ뿼ȥѧһܺʹ۸С

ָоǸоѧʱʵ߷塣

һ߶ʱ򣬾һѧﲢۣżĿʴ˻ܸоѧԲ

Ҳ˶ѡ

ϴ˲٣ܴͷĺӣҪҪ

Ǹʱľ߶ûС

˭뵽߶ѧһССĸ粨ԺǸ۵ѧȻôһɳء

ǳѧʦԣʵ̫ʦЩ߶߶Ĳ²⡣

ʮСôαװҲװ޷죬οƭˡ

˵ˣʲôҪװġ

ʵҲ˵벻ףôͻȻôġ

ܲǱɵ㻯İɣľɶôˣҲ类ҵòˡ

ʲôԭʵ׷УҲһ뷨

УȤǾܲڸ߿һϲ˹ĵǣܴܲӾѧЩ顣

ǰѧĽ̸ͽѧоڿͷһƪ£ּ̽ϺͺģйԲ˫ߵģкصģƪѧơ

ƪʵʵڽʦǰһ

û뵽ԭλ̡

ҲΪƪ£˲ٰѾһѧһ̵֣̽Ķ

ʵϣʦҲƵ뷨ֻûôֱ׶ѡ

˵ǲмѧЩǴģʦ¡

ǹӵܣĸǹˣʲôѧ˺ЦҴˣǼǸƶũһ㸴ӵĳɷֶûС

ô֪ôģѲϻ֪ɡʦơ

ҡͷҿɾͲ֪ˡ

Ҳĥôֻ࣬ŵл̼Լһֱ벻ͨĽѧ¡

ʦЩӣֻ˵Ůѧ̣Ҳ±Ц

ѧȺ󣬴Ϊʦʲôش

ʦ˰ΣҡͷúЦеᡣ



ڶ˵㣬ѧʽĿѧ

У֪ͨҪΪѧԣҪԼ׼һƪݽ塣

¶ɽо˳

ϱӣʾιϹ٣ܽѧݽ壬ûд

Ҳûãڿûжʱ˷ѵģܿӦ԰취

ȻⷨеֱǼ򵥣ֱӣЧؼǻ˷ʱ䡣

ʽԺУ̨鲢ï˵˰죬˵̨µѧǻ˯

ʦȴԵʮּʱˣߵں򳡵ľߣĵʣӶҪǱĻʹȥûйϵġ

ЦУţˣû⡣

ȻУĽܣ֣ŵ̨

ѧĴѧҲ̨Դ

˶ͻȻľ˺棬һɳľ˳ɼЩ޾ʷ׳ʵҥԣԸ࣬Щ˺Ķ

Ȼ󣬾Ϳһٸ毺õŮŲ̨

һ˶Ϊϱصڽ̨ϵ̬Եͦɷ˿ûбɿ·ۡ

β裬дһӢüͫʾ˾øƯһ۾Ǻѧģ

˶վ̨ϣڿƵʱ˶ΪݽһƪζⴿĹ彲ĸӣܷϡ

Ǻܿ죬

ʦͬѧҺãҽоΪûУҪ׼һƪѧݽ壬ҺʹҷһѧϰĵãȥҲ벻ôдΪҾãѧϰ򵥵飬ʵûʲô˵ġ

⻰һ̨һƬȻԱߵУڶʦҲһĿɿڴ

һûô޳ܵˡ

ڵֱţѧô£Ϊ˵ɼ˲ˣɻûϴѧأ  




30  30    ݽ

30 

Ȼ˳һ, һûΪ˵ķӦܵӰ졣

Цǰݺὲ̳ʱ㳡, Ҳëëѡ

֪⻰ܶ˻, Ǳ, , ÷ϵķרŸ, ҪߣȽԺ㽫ҪԵЩ⣬Ȿ͸Ҳࡣ

һƬ, ̨²ٳһżɽ׶ΣƺѾ죬ȴȻ۵, ǼԵʱ

һͱ, ȴĳ֣˶δ㽡

֪ʶ̳, ѧһҵͻᱻ˵λ, һǰ;ĹôǺĴѧ޷ģõʱ

ͬʱ͵ÿ¼ȡ, ֽ˶ݺݹ⣬޷Ƭء

߿ľŵ֮ǣͬǵķպãոմ򿪵Ĺţ޴, ˮһЩ˵Ľ˺÷飬ĹٺãƺҲȲȥϴǿÿ¼ʮǮʣȵϴֽ

һ֪ʶ꣬Լǰ;Լδã

ͬʱҲϣĲҶģ仰ҲΪʱдա̯үº߽¸񻰣ǴɳмӮ

˻ȥƺɼº̣ŶʣɵķۣһߺغĿհ׻ᡣ

ץסЩᣬ߳ɹϳûб;˦ģм

̨һഺͼʮ꣬߶ʮԺӣֺ棬ǻʱǲҲкܶп

һ˼ôѣôսΣЩ˳ɹվڷ˼⣬Ҳи˱ûٿһˣͨǵķܶƴǾ޴һĹңȫ붼ٶȣ°С

ԺܶᣬҲͬиս˵ǲĸ㣬ˣִˣЩ飬˶ʶ

ϱӵԼһججഺȴںܾԺ󣬲ʶ꾿Щʲô

ֻԸл죬ԼһεĻᡣ

ÿ˵·Լ߳ģǺǴֻԼܣ꣬˵㣬Ҳ̸յ㣬ѧѧϰôѧվֻܿԼҲʲôرõĽֻϣ󣬵ǻعԼĸʱ⣬ܹڣҲźԼ˺껪

ԼΣԲװ˷εĻᡣ

̨ʱ򣬴һûзӦ

ֹ˼ʮ룬ͻȻɡƣȻɢɢһƬ

У̵αӲǱӣ۾۾˵ѧŶͣ˵ôģʲôʸô˵

УҲһ㶣ȻͻȻ̨ĶѧǼѪͬѧǣͬѧ˵ûһٲҪԼºڵĻᡣ

ѧѧߵʱ򣬻۾ղǷ

ѧϰȻ׵ģѧԵĵ𣿡

Ҿý˵ĶԣҲǸѧô֪ѧУɵģÿдҵɲ

ǣǿҰһΪԼ˭

Ҳͬв˱ĻӰ죬ǲԱߣµһССӡ

ǾŲںЩ

ղ̨ϵķԣȻÿһֶԷθףʵȫǶԼ˵ġ

ýȥں˵ֻˣŻô̹ĵĸܡ

һأֲź׸ıԼͼ˵ˣʵֲƸ⣬ǲǻӦЩĶأ

ڻû͸ԼѾԼԼ

һصң³鱾ͬѧļ춼ûҵᡣ

ᰲ˾һۡ

⣬ѾȫⷶΧ˵вǴѧݣԤϰõʱϡ

ôƽЩ˻ڷո߿أЩѾʼԤϰѧ֪ʶˡ

쳤ӿ˿ǰͷ档

ǰһ飬Ǿĳ̶ҵģᰴӺͷȥƺ鶼챻ˡ

ȻѧϰСԼϡ

̾Ƕǰ鱾ȴôȥ

ղŵݽƲȥ

ĺӼʶ٣Ҳûô༦̵ļ仰һӾ˾ˡ

ѧϰȻһ򵥵

ϰ˵ѧİᰣʶҪȴ̲סͷӡ

ᰵүү˳ϹսŹ̵ľˡ

ƽʱڼңǰ½ҪǺúϧڵӣܳԱůڿﰲӡ

Щö䶼ľˣҲȫûһ¡

ڣȻүү˵Щˡ

սСսʿѰӰԶĲȥļ飬ڻѪ⻻ʤ

Щ˱ȣڵټ򵥲Ҳɲİɡ

᰺ȻһھΣëһϣȴִڸʮ㡣

һ±ʸˣҳֻԭͷĹʽͶûôηˡ

滹ȫԸˢ⡣

İᰲһʶԼ˵ֻж飬Ҳͨһ·

Сׯλڴɽǰûͨ·ʱҪҹɽ·ܽǣȻͨ·һѩʱ·ͻŢȻɽѡ

Ҳǰ˵Ҽһ͵ƶò𣬺ӺЩǸɽȻ֮

Сʱİְ־͸ֻпȥ뿪ɽܿͷ硣

ѧ죬ŵ¿һسǣʱ֪Ժ϶Ҫȥ

˵ѵĿҲɽʯͷʳҪ׵ö࣬ȴɽҰ޺͹ʯ᾵ɽ·Ҫöࡣ

ֻƴѧƴǷ֣Ȼ಻ɽ䣬һٷɳȥ

˾ݽҦҲ˺ܾá

þαһɻû˵м仰ȻСĴĲͽǡ

ÿ˶Լ··ʲô

Դ໹ǸƤŹȵģԾ˵ʮֲмʲô˲ģֻװģ˵󻰣ȥôΪѧ˲ˣޡ

ҦЦʲôĲ˲𣿡

ԴࣺҲҪģֵ²ǻźüѧǲŽ磬ҪǾԺҵֻص󡣡

ҦԷԴ֪еЦֺȻ΢΢һ




31  31    ϲ

31 

ܿͲ档

ĺ, ѾȫˣƵʦҲĬ󡪡ϾҲ̫˼ϣһѧԼˮƽ߰ɡ

Ҳ, ѧʦһôںӵġ

ѧ¿, Ϳλߵߵߵǰ, ʣͬѧ, ҸղŽô

Σ˼ʦղûôΡ

ղŵѧרĽһԴȥ, ʦĿһֶûע

ȫΪ⣬ֱóĿμûϵҵĿ㱾ûҪи, һ¡

ȻôվھĿϣ¸߰ĺֱ̽½ڿεʦҲ뿪

˸տʼʱ򻹾һ, ͳϰʦɧˡ

ϾԾȻЦݿ, ˿ûôҪǶ࿴, ˵һڿξͿܱʦֱš, Щ⻹򵥣൱ڵڴˡ

Ҳûбȴķգ෴ʦˮƽȻ, ˵̽УҲջ

žڷѧϰһܹ˱ʱԼҲܽһ

ԸŰ᰺渴ϰҲԭ, ʦױˮƽߵö࣬Ҳ

ʦ̻һôͬѧײ˼ü򵥵ĿˣϾһλָʦĴ񰡣

Ժ󣬴˻ûдӳ೤ʹһż˽

˾ȣôôţ˭Ĺģ

೤žķһŬ죺ţǡ¡־Ĺġ

˶ʱ񣬺Χ£

Ͷ˶ٸӳȥ˾̾

Ҳ֡

ϻؽͶƪС˵Ӧû־Ĺѽ

һŲ֪־ѹƪС˵ĶŶ˹⻹ֻһ֣˵ԺС

ŵĻһԼţ˼;£ϣһƪС˵ܼڡ¡Ϸ

̸ڿû˿ǡ¡˶֪

˾ȣ㻹ڡ¡ϷС˵

ҲÿɲǣһƪƻС˵أͦÿġ

ҲͷĿԼţ˳

뾮ԶĵطҲ֪ʲôζ

ΪԼİ־ʶ˲壬˺þõվ̲ס͵͵˾дƪС˵ȻȻмһˣǵףû˵һھл˾ˣ̲סƵߡ

˵¡ָԼˣ˲ٶŹģҲ˵ʲôˣϾֱݺݵĴһ

֮ǰڿѧϽĻʱȻмһˣʱֱ

Ϊһصصѧ֪꣬õһóɼڡ¡Ϸ£ȷʵҪѶˡ

һ뵽һ㣬ܣֻͷģ˵֣Ŭѡ

ھû벻룬Ҳֻһ֪ѡ

ȴûǹ˷ܾ

¡ؼĹĶкüʮ⣬ֱӶ˿϶УѧУҲûеطţɲĳ֪С˵ߣбǮøӴţ˳㻹ݺݴ׬һѡ

һţҲֻ̾׼ܻؼһˣ˳Щżڼ

ķŶţҲİԴչЩȫأȤЩϤİĵ

ͻȻзע⣺ôسǵģַع֣ҲС˵

ͻȻϤطʵУһаһӼ

Ҳţ¡ͦģصҲ֡

ȻţһԶ˰

᰾ȣ㶼ͷдʲô

ȴҡͷ̫ʱˣûգȸ߿˵ɡ

㻹¡Ͷ岻ҲھҿƪʱơǳϲڴܿдС˵

ȻҡͷûʲôУԺҲдˡ

ƪС˵һʱ嶯µĲû뵽ܷҲԼдóڶƪ

Ҳֻʧ̾

Ŀ¿ԺʦǺܸ˵ĺ;һֵС˵ѧֻϧܿͷ⺢Ȼ̫ϣֻʧ뿪

ڵĩҡҡλεİ೵ص

ŴСĶģĸⶼʲô

ʽģЦ˵֮ǰµĶš

ĸһ£Ц˵ȥˣû

ȥҴӽˣʡ

ĸͷ˵Ǻڳɼˣȥġ

Ҳȥ

ֱӷ¶ܡ

ûãŮӵЦһ

ȿľЦƾ£ûˣϢ

²̫˼Ц˵Լˣͦߡ

Լû뵽Ȼܿôõĳɼ

ǶãҲЦúܿģҲˣͨģ˽Ůأ

˵˵ţЦǳǸǰⰡﻰֵɼʱ򻹲ֻܺŸҿŶЦ

ҲһЦ˵ϲ

ɹͨڰĿԣôɲ١

Ȳ˵һŴŽĽ𣬽ҲܴʱתԺõҵ֤飬һʣɶʵʵڵĺô

ȻʽôҲͬ٣ʱ˵ˣȽɶȿǿϵͬ־Ͼʵʵڸﳤ顣

ȻڳУʵһŷܷϵģҲȥ£ȻԸôƽȥҪССɲʩչȭŵء

ǿɶõĸҪȻһûܹӴ󷽷˵жҲ˲æء

һ˵һ߻ž¼üŪۣо͸ˡ

һ׮һ׮ȫϲġ

Ͳ¥Ҳ˵תˣСŮɼôãۿžҪѧˣŮҲϾҪתȥʡڣʵ˲á

ᣬҲʽ˾ҵļҳԸ󣬵վ˵˻ͦ㣬ھĸĸ￴ŮԽԽϲ

ڷңϼȴԽԽòƽ

ص˦ţߵС˵־

תͷֿӻڿӣˬ֪ӣ㶼ˣϿ츴ϰȥ

ԴڴϣҲϣǾ

ϼɸֵֵģҲ˼

ʲô˼ģԴЦǼٵģ֪ˡ

ǼٵģϼЩԾˡ

ѾͷСģＸ㻹֪Դ۾ŵӻĵˣҪѧУˣҶ࿴¡

ϼŰɿһ۶ӣҲֻ̾˵飬ԾƣʰʰɱһҶˡ

İ裬Դӣˡ




32  32    ״

32 

һ, ϼšŷԴĶˡ

Դ಻鲻ԸŶ䣬һǷżأʲô, ֲȢϱ

ϼ˶һۣȥ, Ǳ߻Ҫְæء

Ⱥ, ʲôðġԴĸųš

ûǱߵݡ

ǴĴ, Ҳڵոոµתһȫ, гһȥﭹϵźĺ񲼰ţŵĵط, ˽ͷһ۾Ƽֱɵϣѹͷ֤˭кʱ򶼲ԡ

Դһ, ͷ̵ƲƲ, ˼ңǼͻϴʵ, ߻԰Сء

Դ, Ǽʵ磬ҽǮء

ʱһſڴȫðŴɴɵص̨ʦСͽ, ȻæţϰڵҲȫӲˣѼ㶼٣һͷɱĴ, ɢ˵㡣

Դű㣬һ٣Ȼһˣˡ

ôҲˡԴ˵

˭ϼһʱû

ѧĽ̵ΣۼҺݣԴ衣

ǰ¶࣬ϼ֮ǰ͹æǸСҲеӡ󣺡ɩǱߵݣɩĴ󲮡

ԴͷΪⶼ⣬Ҳû롣ϾɽѧУ˶û¿ɲλ

ϼȴȻЩ˼

룬ϼߵС˱ϣĸк˵ԼҲѧѧζա

Խǿƽʱͱάˣֻһ˿ǡô޵΢Цĵͷ

ϼ˵Σ˵ھӼŮҲѧУģ

ԽǿһۣҲģ

ɲǣϼЦѾͷҿǴСųģ˵ڳɼһȥˣҾе㵣ġ

Խǿ㵣ʲô

ϼ̾ѾͷСƤúܣǳǳӣϲˣЩСֶΣɼᡭʲôɣ

ſһҲǱ˵лǵѧУϾĺӹضֲ֪࣬أҪһ

Խǿһۣ㷴Ӧһῼǵģ⻰ҲҪ⵽˵

ϼЦģҶҲѧأĻܻѧУֻǿѧУ쵼Ŷ˾죬ţ϶ģЩƻɵѧӲķۡ

⻰˵ԽǿȥˣֵĵͷҲҪлѧҳҷӳһȥġ

ϼ߸˻ԼԴϽŵʣ裬ǽ̵˵ʲôˣ

һǸСͷ£Ҳ֪벻˼ʲô

ͷӳϼ˵㲻˵Ѿͷɼ¿϶Ҫ쵼֪ʱץסΥͷӲŶԡ

Դһ㶣⾢˸߿ʱȻԭα¶

Ҹˣϼüëһ˵ˣҪǿžͷƾʲôõתŽ꣬ôָ꣬˵͸ˡ

Խ˵ԽƽоӣӶҪ̵ȥˣһǵꣿ

ҲǣԴͷɱɱѾͷŶԡ

ôţθҲ˲٣һ죬˿齴ӻ



Խǿ;þĳɼ⡣

ŮѧƽʱԼͲģѧУ̸ǰĳɼֹ߳ףҪûеè壬ôͻȻͱˣ

ѧУô꣬ʲôţûҲһֶرƻӷӶѡ

ƫƫУۣСѾͷƭתҪرҳУԺԼҲôָʹˡ

ԽǿһصѧУȥĽתһȦ

ȥľǸ࣬ʱѧϰֻͦһмѧΧҲ֪ڸʲô

ԽǿһǱߣ߰˸ѧΧž˵

˵ʲôظԵλȥ˻˵Ӱѧѧϰǳ

һԽǿͷ𣬹ԹˣҲеӴĻصΣû˵С̾Ŀء

ԭ̵˶ˣͬͬѧȫܾ־ɢɢ̫ʱ䣬͸ɴÿóСʱԵĽдԵ⡣

ҪΪҸշУ˵Ǵİθ⣬ﻹҪֵöࡣ

ԽǿԾƫѹʲôǻ칫ҾڸڣʲôⲻʦܽʲôҲµԼĳɼ

ʱѧʦ̤ңԽǿкΣôͻȻˣ

ԽǿǰҲģ

˵ʦͦ˵һͻƿڡ

ǸֻרĽѧģʱѹԽǿԣǸľګӣֻʱеЦģͬѧѾʼˣ콲ѧ𣿡

˳־ԱһͬѧıʼǱ¶Ц˵弸Σ̫ˣҽεЧһֱ̫ãøѧϰѧϰ

Խǿڱˣüͷøһʦöѧ˵ĻҲ±ȥ

Ǿ̵ⲻƣòλҲΪ⣬ֻʦ˵е弸֪ʶ㱾ѶȲߣҪо֮ĸֹϵֻҪѧչʽټеķʸýⷽʵ׵÷֡

ԽǿǸγЩʽֻþߵͦ˳ǵڹũѧʱһǿźȥģֱ²⡣

£ֻҪƤ˵óʹ棬ţ޶ܲȵʦͷȥ

һˣȻѾŸСӣѧһԹΧھϣৼ˱ʼǡ

ԽǿñӶˡ

һţתȥУ칫Ҹ״ȥˡ

ʱУȴڰ칫ңһȦԽǿڸĽҵġ

һĸ߿ѧɼҲ̶ãѧƽֲ20֣˵ȫƽҲû߶٣ǸУһֵĺûᣬصѧооԱѧϿΣηѻԼ͵

ʱоԱ̨Ͻüɫ裬ϧ̨µѧһ˯ѹ

УʵҲڵʼǣ˳㿼ôоԱͨøһ㡣

ʱͷԵʼڸУϸ˺״

˵ڸǰѧΣУȤһüë

ǰһ䣬ҲЩ׻ûˮƽԽǿ˵ѧ⣬ƫƫʦţ˵֮᲻ʲôݹϵè壿

УǰıʼǱߣҲȥ

Խǿæҡβ͸ȥ




33  33    Ͽ

33 

Ľ¥, Уһ̧ž͵ˡ

ʱ򣬸ĽѾվ̨, ںڰˢˢдʲô, ̨ͬѧһԴ, 缢ƿʵļűʼ, ſںͽҺվ˼һѧƺҲǱⳡָġ

, ʲôӣԽǿܻ˵

Уڰ֣ʾҪҲվ˴棬ʼ͵

, ְѱʼǱ̯Ŵؿټ

ԽǿУ⸱ɣʵǺܿ, ֻϲ¶ѡ

ôũѧ, ڼеĻǸУǷţ޳, Ӷ, ˵ǰѹʶҪãôѧУ

ڵãװģĻǱʼ, ˭֪ö

Խǿ۵Цһ󣬻ֻܹԹͳֽϹ

û취쵼Ǳ, ܲʲôɰɡ

УԽǿĸ̣Ҳȷʵ˵ʲôöѧıͷӦ

¥λоԱĿΣѧȻˡ

Уȥǰͷһڱддʦ

ԼûʲôĻǶһڹϵʦǳʦôһˣҪʦѧȷʵ㣬УͰλȥˣˣֻҪʦʱ䣬Ҳ϶ܳɳΪѧУĹǸɽʦ

֮ǰʦԾĸ߶Уһ㶼ûлɹˣֻʦԾ۾ȻôߣԸһѧǰԹԵѧ

ͺܲˡ

ֿһ̨٩٩̸ľʮ߰Ůӣò毺ãͣεģȴĳȴЩǰʡʦζ

е˼ˣУĥ

ʱİʦҲˣһˣУͽ̵ζվڴ棬Щţ߹һУ

Уתͷǰжˣ

ʦܲſʼģ֮ǰ˵˵ͬѧƽʱ̫࣬ЩӰϰˣԸɴרһʱɣҲû뵽ôôģˡ

һȦΧֻһѧЩ⡣

ɣԼʦˣԽǿһ

ʦһ㶣ҲǲΥѧУļɣæ˵ȷʵֵЩˣҪȡˣ

иһֱվԱߵĸ߸Ȼ˵ɲȡıͱʦǿˡ

ѧͻȻ廰Խǿʱˣʲôĸģ

Ҳһʱ嶯ӵĻʱȻ˵

УǲΪ⣬ЦпһۣǸĽ񺣰ɣҲרŸʦϿôܵˣ

֧֧ŷʦ̫Ѷˣ羮˵Чá

ǷֲԽǿ

Уӻ֣ȱ㣬þ̵ˣ

룺ҾĿǷ֡

һʦˡ

ŷʦأУʡ

ŷʦˮƽҲǲУ˵Ҫģģģ֪ʶ˵ر͸öҲǵס

УʣͬѧҲĿ𣿡

ҡͷǶţʱҲϲϡ

УͷʾԼ֪ˡ

񺣻᲻ߣ˵УҪͣɣ

УһĻҡҡͷôſ϶У׳£ЧҲߡ

ʱƵãŵ㺰ͣ˻ЩδҲԹɢˡ

ֻʦݣƤִȥ;ʮӣ̵뿪

һţͱУסˡ

ôҲȥѧĿˣУ

˷ܵ˵ѧ˲ĥĽջء

УϸȤʣô˵

ˣԽ̸оر͸ѧˮƽİҲղҲˣѧرϲĿΡ

УЩţ㽲εˮƽҪǿ

ЦҿɱȲˣʡϽҲ

ʡǵĴѧνʦѵϽˮƽ߹ߣҪ˵ϿΣ˵ǿһء

Уǳסˡ

ԱߵԽǿĻһʮŮѧ˵ˮƽѧϽڲ࣬ô˵أ

˿һۣ˵˵Ҳ

㣡ԽǿУסˡ

ˣУֱӰԽǿߣ¸¼ҪˣûУȥ嵥Ҫ

Խǿһ㶣ⲻŻƵĹ𣿡

У۾һɣץѧУѧΣôҪĹôܲܡ

Խǿѵûˣֻɨأ˳ѷԴǺˡ

ҪԼϱƱ߶߶ҲУǰôӡ

ԱһĽԴЩһֻ֪޶˶˴һ£ýеˡ

ԶŸսһصλҦһⷢ

ЦôûȥΣʵڿˮƽҪʦͺˡ

Ҧ̧ۿһۣЦһɼһ£ɲһ֪ôΡ

ǿɲһҡͷʦȥĿˣҶʦУ˵ˣεˮƽǿöࡣ

ʦ꼶ѧȻҲһѧʦ

ҦһŻǱ˵㲻ŮôõĻᶼ֪ãʵ̫ϧˡ

ʦǾ仰û壬֪ʦҲúܡ

ҪҦ𣬲ŲôõĻװ״ôҪѹžԼΣҪܽо߿ֻԼһ˵ʦǲء

һֻͨźҡͷ

ϧˣÿֻϽСʱʵǲ

ҦҧŴǸЦ磬ͷһ۷Դ࣬˹ˣǰóûڿֻһࡣ

ԴĿ⣬æתͷҦ¶ԼЦݡ

ȴҦ΢΢һüȻɿƲȥ

һͷˮҲ֪ôλСˡ

УʱѾ¥ʼŷʦ

ŷʦǸʵˣҲ̫˵óΣ˸УҪΪѵ۾ôʵڲ̫˵ˣȻѧ⣬治óΣѧ

Ȼ᲻ÿʮĲηѣŷҲ˼ǮﲻæҪǮͲøˣĲʺ

Уæס𼱣ҪһڿΣ˵ˮƽ⼸εǮոҲܲܲǡ

УҪŷʹӦˣﺢҪҪǮܶ׬ǮǺõġ

ڶϰʱŷʦ͸Уţµһѧ




34  34    У

34 

쾮˵Ļѧ, һǸѧһѵ㣺

ܶ˶˵ѣҪΪеĵʵǸߵѧĹɽ׶Σ漰˳Խķ롣

ԽǡΧĺ, Ҳ˵ܱʾΪ޴εļӡˡ˷Ϳ㡣

Ծѧ˵, ֪ʶѾ׽볬Խʶķ, ҲԽ⡣

ڽĴԶ, 漰˶󵼺ÿһ׵֮ƵĹϵ

УʱѾˣãȻ, źڰι״Ĺʽ

ŷȴԽԽ˷ܣֱˡ

У̲סչȥô

ŷȴ𳳣ʦ˵

ȻͳֽʣʼڱϷɿдд

У쳤ȥһ, ۵ĹʽͼΣֻرΡ

ȵСʱŷֵһȥ, ʼߴߵѧ

˵, Ȼ㲻棬ղž, ԸߵѧҲо, СسŷûܺԼġ

ʱ״һֱ͸֪һ

ѧУôһλҲ⣬ܸ˵ĺ, ˳ֳɹ赽˺ܾõ飬оջ

ڼУͬѧʱѾɵĹʽˣһչ, ˮƽõ޺Ҳʼλ

ðɣ˼ʲôû˵УҲȷһϲ

ԭΪѧܳһѧ˵һ߷ִѧѾõˣû뵽ȴԶԶֹ

УĦ°ͣʼҪô˵Լ

УǲӳӼҫøΪ˼Ȼ飬ֶҵҪҪǷһʮŮϣܾòص

Ҳð죬ʮǮĲηѶԾ˵һʴǮǸУ֪ǸѾ˲٣ǮԼҲջ󲻶

ʲôİأУͿʼĴ

ã˵ϲʣһǴֱʵռƱ

˵ֻϲһضƱ֮ǰҲŻһʻȥֺǱˡ

ϲ͸УˣȥĺФƱ

ͺðˡ

УԼϵоŪ˽ٿǮĺƱȻ۵òУӾŶ˰죬ǸУֵߵЩƱȥҾ

ҪÿóһСʱʱͬѧϿΣЩƱȵʡ

У˼Ц֪ƱʲôʵΧļˡ

һֱ֪ԼУǿʤҲû뵽ȻʤϣԸԼǮʦġ

ʶҪּܾУӻͳһСһķɫƱ˻֪㲻ҪƱ˵ͦģҵų͸ҵģ㿴ϲϲҲһ͸㡣

һ۾ϳһʡ

ϻغϾĵʱ͸˵˲ϡƱ£һʣһöĸˣ˵һŻġ

ڣУֱóһķϾööࡣ

΢һ£ѡֱ棺УƱ˵ܻһ׷

ˣȻûʲôףһСĺԺǧѿǮ򵽡

Уһ㶣ֻ벻ҡͷҪҲûãҪǰ͸㣬ԸԸϿΣ

ΣУƱóȥ뵽ʡʦˣʵûҪҡ

ʡʦ̫ԶˣУ˵˵۾㽲ĿΣϵرãʡʦҲҿ˰ᰵĳɼ̶һѧ˶ʮ֣ҪǷڸ߿ϣһʮֵģƱֵˡ

ȻЩ

һ˵ҲûʲôðƱԺ󻹻ֵǮЩƱҲǣҪǰЩúţʮֵһ¥ء˵

ôûˣУҪô֣˵ܿϴרѧһ˵ǸıһĴ飬һӿȥˣ˵ܴһƬúӼ飬ȶʮһӿöˡ

̾˵Ǳˣֻ᱿취Ʊų͸ҵģֵǮҲҪܶѧǷ֣ų֪ˣҲԲ⡣

ҪǾЩֵǮÿ͸ѧһСʱΣвУеĿž

һƱڷ㶡

ΣŴǶѺƱһ⼸׷ѾҵĲηˣʶ壬ţʣµĺƱպñȵʮЩƱֵһǮҪʱ϶Ҳܰˡ

ǣҪϿΣ͵ȫҵ˵ұ֤һԺ󣬾ܼЧ

У˴ȻԥĵͷӦ



⼸ѧУѾˣǸ׼ϰʽһڿΣĿҲϵģҪͨԲС

вΪģһŮѧװڵûͦ󣬹ƾˮε죬ѹȥġ

ҲоԼϴѧרƾμӹģȥûʲôʧһ˵ҪԾ͸ɴġ

һ˶ʼЩĿΣҲʵʵܸоôġ

⼸죬Ϊ˲βμӿԵ飬ϰﳳͦ

вֻƾģڸ϶ѧٶŻ룬ĸҲöࡣ

мϸѾʮͷˣȻΪǸãϣܶ

ʸϵǸкγɵѾʮˣģҲϲϴ裬ԼĻ˵ǰ޵ʱ䶼Ͷ޵ѧϰȥˡ

ֻϧҵľͷҲûٳЧγɵĳɼһ겻һ꣬ۿ뱾ƷԽԽԶ

ʱһ߿ٽһߴ˵һʲôʸң˵Ҫͬ࣬أСﳤõǲҪĳϵ㣬һԸеġ

˳ԳԵЦҲһм

˵Ǹһѡ̣һѡ˰ɣǶˡ

ǾļӵʱҲ˵˼ҲǸʦòأɼֺã϶ῼȥʱץԺûôõĻˡ

ǸԵݣɴֿʼһָϰʱ࿴ûл

񺣼һ㣬ѡ񸴶ҧϵģûеڶλᣬ׿һϣҲҪץס

ĳõģʲôֱ˵ˣ໹мˣȻҲ֪εĺôǶҴ͵͵飬һ仰û˵ãֶ

һʱҲը˹

һĳɼһֱǿģû뵽ȴȻðһɼѹһҲˣڿҪ࣬ⲻֱӴѧʦˣ

ܶ˶벻ͨ

ȥʰϳɼһǰ꼶һ޺ʲô뷨᲻ᡣ

ľһ£ȴԥ˵ǿ϶ҪȥϵģҪμӸ߿ģҲȥһԣ϶кܴİ

Ҧͬʣȥ

Ҧҧһ´ϻԼ⵽裬ҡҡͷ

ȥǱߵķԴ࣬ʱڷŴ󻰣Ҫǿ϶ܿȥģҲȥСѾͷС͸ƨɺܣëѾͷһҶô

һ˵һ߳Ҧ߿

ֻϧҦҲô



ѧ飬ʦҲ١

Ȳ˵ѾУȥϵĽ̵Σ⼸ƵʦԸһѧҲܲͬ

ʦЩ˼ƫĿƵģѾûɹĿˣǸʦѧǿһ˵иѧΣղջҪԳɼǾͲˡ

һѧԼ߿ûʸĿСʦֱӾҵУ˵ˣҪϹΣȫУ֣ͷ¶βʲô¡

У˵һڣ֪ѧѧǾֻѧѵ£˵ʲộⲻϹ

ԭԵҪԭ

ѧʦȻˮƽԸ˻͵Ը˷ͻѧʦǸӣʲô鶼ֻЦ˵ãʦûʲôڸУҲùܡ

Ψһǿһģֻʦˡ

ѧУǵصصʸ񣬱УѧУʱ䶼磬ԸҲ꣬ǰЩ˳ѧУʱֱװӵ˶Ȼûֵ˺ãҲ˶֪ǡ

粨ƽϢʦĵλȻǸģ飬ʹˣƢһУҲ

УЦһ

ҲûֻþѧϾѧѧƽ̵ֵͣҲãһѧʮ֣ѾǺܲ˵ˡ

Ǿͬ⣬˾״˵һ¼Чԭؽɢ

ͣĸ߿420֣ѧɼõǸ372Ȼר߲٣Ǹ߻˽ʮ֡

⿿һѧǺᵽߵġ

ѧʮ֣ѧ߶ʮң㹻һٷֳͷĿߣʮҵĿרߣ֡˵ţֿһ۽ĳɼַȣѧʮϣϱƣʮϴר

УһƯͷķһ£ֺܿѹҡͷôܣصҲﲻɼ

ʵҲûôѣɵ˵߿ԾҪĻǻ֪ʶֻҪԸѧټϴˢ⣬ʮֵʮֲѣʮᵽʮҲףʮԺ󣬲ŵˢʱ򡣡

Уܾ˵̫ףϻصĩԳɼ־úһۼĺ̫ʵ

ֻҪһ룬֮һܴﵽ˵ó̶ȡУüֱ롣

벻ͲˣУԼֱ

һǿԼֱһսѡ

ԸУѡ񳹵׷֣þʩΪ




35  35    ְ

35
ﻹǱ߷Ƣ, УȻ˵˵ˣظ߿İƽʮ֡

ⲻܣĵһӦ

˵ʮ, ʮ, Ҳܡ

Ͻĸ߿ƽ56, ߶ʮ, ǲǶ76ˣǵøһҲ

Բܣſں, ôҲأһʱжҪֲǲ֪ôôΣ˵ʲôʲôĳУ

ÿҲһСʱ, ˶ʱ䣬οҲ˵ˣһԺп, Ҫǽûдﵽ˼ұ׼ĻҪ˳, ô˵ɣһԺҪһЧû, ȥȡ, аɣУ֤

һµʱҲ˷ѰȻǲ̫⣬վûôԽˣаɣҵҪһѧҼҵ, ʲôˡ

￴Ծ֪ѧǻῼԾ֪ôˣɲš

˵ˣ뿿ÿһСʱĳɼô֣ҲͱƵӶû˵УŻֹ

ڰϿεʱ, ЦǸνְ࣬ѧòҪ˷ʱ䡣

û뵽ôһ˵ԭ̫ȤҲ̲סע

ʮ֣ٶԼϻصĸ߿ɼƺߺʹר߿ûôңԶˡ

һرʵˣûѧΣ뵽õĽҲǿһרҵԺ󱻷䵽һĵλϰࡣ

ԹԱȶ̤ʵʱ뵽õˡ

ָͷ˰죺Ҫ20֣ҲǼ֡ǻֱò롣

˼Ļв٣ʵҲں󾿾ܸ߶ٷ֣ÿֻึһСʱʱ䣬߿ʱ֣ܶҲѪ׬

ְ࿼Ե죬ٸڿ˺üףлвٿڿ˵ŵģʱ򻹲һˡ

˶һۣ˼ЦЦҺλ¡

俼УרĴңһҴö࣬ǼˣʱͷҲѾˣưѧȫˣҲ˴룬м߶ѧҲ俼øгһ֡

һһƯĸ߸Ů˽߻Ÿѧʦˡ

У˵ҪһʦֵʱУѾǿӲһ뷨û뵽ʦȴˡ

ͬѧѧһ㣬ϾĻʦֱ˵

УһξԼ֮ǰ˵ĿùȻû־ҪְܳɼӦҪеʦѧϰѧϰŶԡ

ɨһ̨£˲ˣҲû⣬ֻǾֱ׼õԾַȥ

Դ̨£ζӳ¡

ԭĵţ϶ףûиϿεˮƽ

ЩһԣֿУ֧Ҳ̫ȷˡ

һ룬Ҫǰ̸ʱѾͷװġ

ԴԽԽúޡ

Ҫа취˿ϴѧͿ϶ԼǷԼġԴ룬ȻԾھͷԼдرۡ

ѵ£ҦҲˡ

ǸСһͷõ͵͵ģ±˿Ծʱȴر棬һһдţ֪Ķ飬֪Ҳдʡ

ҦҲ˵ôġ

ֻ֪ҪԼ֣ʮа˾Ų̲ͨסҪһԡ

ûҲöˡ

ǰҦҲԥ˺ܾá

Դ˵ģĸĸȫڳϰ࣬˵㻹Ҫת

ײԼϵ£úʵǿϧˡ

գʲôû

Ҧãʵô顣

ʮСȻһСС٣׹һֻİѾȥ

Ҳڷܱʼ顣

ԾòѣĿȴܲӣݶУмƵĽ⡣

ĿͦˮƽǸ߿ֲῼ˷ʱ䡣һʱõԾ˷Ϳʼ

ѧʦҲһףһȴͷԾѧˮƽǺܲġ

һ㲻⣿ѧʦ඼һȥԵģ治֪ôġ

ҲпԭѧʦǸƣҺôҺõӣ㻹˵˶ѧۿǺܸߵģ˵ҶеĶˣҲȥѧϰѧϰ

ѧʦ˵ĹϵǺĵѡ

һӣ˰ɣСǰʦˣǧѧ

һѧ֣Ҳɵó

ѧʦֻЦЦ˵

һߵĿԻݱеС

Щͦ˳꼶һ޺һǸרһصĸѧ

Ҳͷðģʱͱһסˣȥ˺þҲⲻֻܲݲд¼ʣټһ⡣

д˼дȥģԴ࣬ȥһԾͿʼһͨ

϶ġԴ롣

һСʱĿʱܿ͵ˣûд꣬ͼԾ϶дʣҲЩͽ˾Դ࣬ʱͼھǰƼ£ֻϧڽһ⣬ͷû̧

СѾͷ϶ǲ˼ˡԴ໹̵롣

ԾŰ᰺һо

Ĳþ忴Ҳ׾ӣԾɼԾ̬ʮʧ䡣

ûҪҡͷ׾ӱͲΪ˿ܿٷ֡

ѧѧˮƽҲ༸ټѹûһԺ󣬻Ҫ̭һȥ

ϱӾʵһͦʦ渺𣬽ѧˮƽɫҲԸóԼĹʰͥѵѧ

˵ʵЩҲǿѰڵǰ̲סУʵûȡ

һأȻʲô˽ˣ׽ļѣҲ⡣

ڣУ͸Ǽ׷ķϣԸԼΧڣ΢һ㡣

ʵǸǿ֢ʲô飬ֻҪʼˣá

οĸ߿Ÿտʼû꣬ԾͷܽҲٵÿֻҪԸŬѧģаհԷһٷҡ

ҪȻҲУǰ¾״

һοԣֻҪѧϰ̬棬ϸľУԲںЩ˵ĳɼΣֻҪ̤̤ʵʵдԾҿóǰȷʵùľͨ

߶ϲ˵

ԭΪԼѾ㹻ˣû뵽ȻɾɸһƬ

Ŀհ׺дҲˣ˰Ծɢģδ˵ԼѧϰŬγڣֻʱؽһɳ졣

۾һкγɵѧԾԥɨ˲ϸһѡ

ôҲˣͻȻһ̾˾һۣ׼ԾҲϸһȥ

ôˣ˭ʡ

Ҧ£ѲɶϻصĽѵˣƤôôء˵ţԾ˳ֵݸ

һԾϵС־д飬ҲҲˡ

־ͰԾ˺ϸһߡ

ôˣ᰾ʡ

ľǺϸԾľ氡벻˵ҪҪúѧҲûŵĵ

Ҧʵûж⣬ϻЦҲΪŷԴ൱롣

ôһɫȥվûյģ۰Ͱ͵ǰأĽ˶ġ

аɣԼνʼ磬Ծȥˡ

˵ҦԾһžͿ˷Դģ˵ԾϳǸдøۣдһͨȻϸ

Ϊϸľֶ࣬ԾһͿˣһɸѡԾһǺϸģһǿ϶ͨģһǲ̫ȷġ

̫ȷһ٣Ҳв죬붼⣬ǿհҲٵġ

һ飬Ÿģȫ˺ϸһߡ

ʵ˵ѧѧĻйҲ̶õģǳɼõһҲ

Ͼָ߿ô꣬Ӣرģʦѧʵ֪ӦôôѧѧҲѹҲѧ

ȻûаԼȥػһӣҲͨѧ

ڵ˵رһҲû𣬷һԺ̭ԣ߶Զܹ黹ҪЩԼ

ϸܿ͹һۡ

и˵ģзŭԼȻûͨģȻͨûõҪҪμְġ

Ͼ˵Ȼ֣ǽεʦֻһӦôҲ̫ס

ĵְԭԵǼʽˡ

뿪λжʮӣвѧ߽

񺣱űʼǱ˷ܵŽֻ·ŷ硣

Լӵò̫ãĵģû뵽Ȼɹͨ˿ԣòˡ

һ·ϣֺͼģʶĸѧкȻصѡڵһ¡

ֹһѧˣ񺣳һȻвˡ

һԵóֿ֣տ˵һֱûͣ

ʱ򣬾߽˽ҡ

һƯŮӣ֪ΪʲôȴһĪϽ̨ʱ򣬻Ѿװ˵۾ڿ

̨һܣȻֺɵ˵ϲǣ̤˸߿Ŀ쳵

⻰ŵУ̲סһ

Ǿûж˵ǴŮһ𣬷һ

ȲĴԾһ֮ȴЩ¡

ԾͷŲĿһеĹʽͿھԾֽдˣϸһȫһЩܻ֪ʶ




36  36    

36 

ǽһµǰͷžϵĹʽ, 涼ǸЩʽصͣҲһҪù죬һԺп, ְͨࡣ˵

̨˲ը˹

ôҪԵģ˰

ϿֻЩʽͱ, ⲻ˷ʱҲ˱Թ

ʱ˾ʣҵĻ, ѶȸһĿ𣿡

һ꼶һ, ҲǷ߳רһصǸѧ

һۣʳһ⣺߿ƽּûûֻ⡣

ͺˡ

߿ܷ710, ÿһƼܷܹ426֣ܹϴѧˣĻ

Ǹһʱ, ֻܻ¡

ɨȫ뱳뿪ǣǿͨ¸µĿ, һ

ȱɡ˵仰, Թ˵ͷԼ顣

ˣһʱһֹĬС

У̲ס, ߹ȥһ¾, ʾȥġ

ֻη飬Уȥˡ



¥ֻһյʽݷŻƵĹ⡣

Դ¥, ׼Ҹʺϵλöˡ

֮ǰȻûпְ࣬Դͷһ

ʲôʸ̭СĻؿñȾȻ, Ǹ߶֮ǰ

Դ˵ְ࿪ˣ͵͵ܹ׼ݺŻСѾͷһ٣ʶԼĴٰԼͨ߿

أԴÿ˹

׼ֿУҲھͷ

Դˣųһţ±У

Ȼ˵ĶԻ

տʼʱУȻվϷ磬Ƕ̶̼仰Ժ󣬾˶ԻߣֹһУȻͷõģһᾡĹϣһԺܿóɼ

ȻУ뿪ˣԴҲûĵӡ

ʱٴҲ׹УѾ˾ĺ̨δһڣԺ·

һԺ󣬷Դ೹ˣȾҲ뿪ͷɿĴˣҲҾ鷳֮Ļ



뿪ңһ

УҲַɣ˳ɤŵ϶ǺǿñãⱣء

ҾҲǣͨԣ͸ôһӣԼҲ

Ǿǣ϶ϵˣҪˡҲ

һʱ䣬˭ûж

ֹһᣬˣȴûУ

һ۳ֵĽңУҲͬҵİ취ҪҾŵҲ˷ʱˡ

ʵУҲȫͬȻþΪԼǰ֪Ҳ˵еɴֲܣһԺ˵

̨ͷȥˣ̲סһڣʼ˳ȥ

һж϶䣬߰˸뿪

ǾȻԭ

񺣱ǾԵܣʱѹûж룬Ѿʼʽˡ

ƶ磬Ҳ֮ǰַǸĵһԥķһ鹫ʽֿ˿ϰ⣬̾Ҳʼʵʵ⡣

Ҧҿְϵĵһ޺Ҳͷ飬Ȼò׼һԼλϣӲͷƤʼƹʽĿı

ʦʱըˣⲻϹʽѧѧˣ⣬ôӲʲôá

УֻܰŽͣ˵ѧѧĻ̫ֻʣһˣʽʹ⣬ǳõİ취

ҲܹǵѧϰҲ̫˴ʧˣѧ⣬ʲôѧ˵꣬ʶԼĴֻ̾ˣҵҪһԺѧǶٷ֡

ǵģʱ򣬷ǵһλ

Ҳᷢˣߵ·Զֹһ

ڣСسѧϰȷȷʵʵΨһһ·ϵķˮ𣬿ϵģõ˵תõģֻܻصͷظ汲߹·

ڹʽũǰũȻǹۣ࣬׬ǮٵǸȺ壬ڴũ񹤳ǰһƺҲעһӽǿϡ

ı£˭˵֣⣿

ԣְҲ˵ֻһºĽ

Ҳ˵壬Լϣɹʧܡ

֪Щ֪Ҳں

ѧѧҲСֻҪ̤̤ʵʵŹʽ죬ٰѺҲˣһÿǸ߰˷û⡣

ʮֵȡ

Ȼ϶˶Чÿͬһ٣ҪһεĿżԸ˶ĸƻ

ڴ֮ǰȻǱ飬⣬żĿҲԥĴ˻ȥҪ˵

ֽŶѹֵУвηˣ뿪Ժ󣬻̲ס˵ְĻ

Ǹƭӣ˼ӦȥһҲں˷ѵʱ䡣

ǰڰϽأʱٻ¶汾£ڿɺãÿ̨ͷ⣬

˵УʵģҾڴһԺУȥӡ

һο̭ǲ˶˵Լȼ֪֮νְһƭ˰࣬Լû˷ʱơ

Ҳ澮˵ģǷʵ̫࣬ǵ̫Сܿûˡ

ҲںЩ˵ỰˣӰ̫ƽʱʱ͸ɴһְֱĽֻĺοεʱŻȥһ¡

һ˶˷ʱˣǽȻڡ

Ȼڵһţ水վĽѹʽù죬ȻһЩĿһۿĿȫ̵ĳ̶ȡ

ĿѶȲߣ㹻࣬Ҳ㹻󣬽һģģоĳ־޴

ֻϧ챿ԶӮǸϴԳƣϰְѧĺγɡ

ҦҲְ

ʵüΣͷ÷ʱȷʵߵġ

֮ǰǸڿſξܿѧŶˡ

ҦҲ˵ԼΪʲô

ͨǸ⣬ܼͬҲԼ⡣

ҲǱһ䣬ҲĳִҲǵҪϴѧ

ͦԴģŶԿйҲûжڴһĶֵСʱ͸ˣûʲôС

ǾЩԾøȤЩ

ʱһΣ͹ȥ˰¡

ʼĿĬĬţѧУＸְϢ

ԭһٶʮѧֻʣʮ˲һ롣

Щ⣬ΪˣĻҪ㡣

ѧ֪ʶṹϵҲ٣Ҳȫûг

Ϊ·̫٣ѧľ־ҪԺĺǿ˲١

ϣǸСҲ

ԹҦҲû롣

ҪܼȥϴѧҲı¡



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ƶյĸڿԳһѣұܻ

׼ĿίԱصܵһ

룬ѡ˸ܡ

ϲҵ˶Ǻϲܵĸо

ڳ˾糿΢ķнʵһܲ顣

տʼʱֻȦһܰȦҲöۡ

峹ˣ΢΢žһ壬ҲøѶЧ

ë˲ְĽߡ

ٳѧԶԶͿʼָָֹ㡣

Ҳ⡣

ЩˣҲһ·ϵġ

߿һͨǾṳ̂ȥʸ

ԤƶȾѾˢ

һоˣͨԤûС

ôںЩ˵Ļ

Ĳɣ߽˽ҡ

˵ְÿֻһСʱĿΣʱҲţҲ̰ͼ߰ѧϰպã˾ʱҲ

һǰŵͷԼλϣʼ顣

ֹһ᰺Ҳˣ;кҲ¡

ǵҪҲһģֻΪ֮ǰӴúã˵Ľȿ˲٣ʱѾԸݾרΪƶѧϰƻѧ

һ飬оӳ׻Ϳʼ⡣

ŷʦһ΢̵ַ飬ʱȤȻһʱŲ֡

ʱ÷ɿ죬֪͵磬ڷ±ʣͰ᰻һȥʳá

ΪǱ¿ʱ΢һ㣬Բø󲿶Ӽʹϲĺն̴кűĩڰ׷ϳ㡣

ڴڵĳţȻԱصĺһԵͦ㰡ǲ֪Ժ󻹳ԲԵ·

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ȴưոݣֿʱΪְأ˵˶һ룬ô˼Է

߾Ǹûϵġ

ЦһϵĶԷôͳԲˡ

۾һǿϣҾǲмȥ

ʼ磺ͦõģϣ߿ʱҲ̬ȡ

㣡˸뿪ʦʱ˽Ծ֣ͬѧﰡһ벻ͨųԷʱ֣̽̽

ȻǾǶʦЩֻܺһȻɿˡ

˴ǳ˾Ǽ⣬ܹɹˡ

һûʲôͿʼоԾ

⻹йоأǰͷǼгĹʽȴвʵǳоͽ̹ġ

ҲΪʲôܶ˶˷ʱԭ

˶Դ˷ǵȣʵϣԾһԾΪޣȻڸҲʼƹڲѧ˽¶˵ʦ׼תʦˡ

ô꣬ĸܵѧܲѧòΣֻһֱ޴ֽ⡣

ǴӾǼŹʽֽƺԼԼһǳϵֻҪϵѧ˵߷֣Ǻ״ﵽġ

ÿżϴѧɲһ¡

Ҳܾʦԡ

ʦ붼ʮ־ְûмӰѣҲ޷˵ļӰࡣ

֪ʶ¸Ľ̶ܳȣǴҲصһȺ

ʦȴǸࡣ

˻ڹʱѾ²Ѿһֱ˽ѧУ岻ʱͻ̾ϸ⡣

Ҳ֪޲޲

һͷ˴Сʱų꣬ʦѾ˵ķˣ˼Цû뵽ôãȥʦСʳóԷɡ

ҡͷܾˣѾԱˡ

׼뿪ʱʦȻ˵Һڴһ¿ְ϶ܽ˶һ

ҲȫĲ£ѧҲ١

ЦЦʮŵ˵ллʦҲͦڴġ




37  37    һ¿

37 

ڶĩ, У˶Ὺʼˡ

ðử߱ϣһ͵ˡ

ʤĵ⣬ʧܵį, Աߵˮë, ϲİο, һĻĻഺࡣ

һ˶, վڳߵȴ볡

ѾѧУˣע˺ܶ, һ֣в̲סָָ㡣

˵رѧԣҲ˲м˵Ūһְֻ࣬ӲĹʽ, Ϲʱ䡣

Щ۳š

ܺãȴ̫ȣҪǺú, ǱĳЩлӰ顣

8000׳ϾҪʼ, Ҳվߡ

һԭɵ˶紵ý, Ӹ, Ҳⳤβ¶ഺ޵е

ǹ죬һȺŮҲҵļһ˳ȥ

Ȼ۵һ

һȺææǰ, ܵò죬ǲĸڵڶݶӡ

һȦڶȦȦ, ˶ʼʱȻз·

Ȼ󣬾ĵļӿٶȡ

βǳһΣѤõҫۡ

˵ȦʱѾڵһȻɣ˫ְڶķȴĽࡣ

Ȼ󣬳յߣʤ

ƽʱܾܿˣʱҲӰ

Щˣ·վǰţġ

һγ̣Щˣ˼ڴȻתͷȥ

ڶյ㻹Զ˫ҲܼѣȻҧ֡

̲ס۾Цһ¡

ԵʤȻ˿ģǿͬ·ߣͬҲһ˿ĵ顣

8000׳ܱڽʮߣֻ˼ֵԼһյģҲõͭơ

߿δˡ

ңȳܸпᣬ·̸õĻرҲ

·һȻϣܹѰͬ·ߡ

ѧ͸ĵһ¿ʽ߿оŸ¡

ְѧЩţ뿼˺ݺݴЩ˵л˼⣬־ûġ

̲סʾҪҪרڿǰϰһ¡

ûҪȴ˵ͰƽʱĽˡ

ұͦģּӡӢεĻݣĿƱеȡѹԵʤһһƬҰ

ֻ˵һϲһοˣͲٹˡ

ЧʸߵģѾץϱЧʲģԭĹʽûбꡣ

ֱӷľ״̬£ְӭ˵һ¿

УְĽתһΣЩɻ󣺡ôǵ֪ʶôҿԵĽ

֮ǰԼڸһ¿ϣְƽ

ͷİɣ϶ԵǼ׷ġ

Ҫǵְ̫ӵģĳɼﱨ

¿ҲְĵһοˣҪȶûУֻ˵ְ಻ʺѰ𴦺Щ

Ȼǰ㣬ҲҪн

ְڽţûְ࣬߰;ϵҲڽš

ϵ˲һǵȻϣְ࿼Դ£֤Լˮƽû⣬ѡҲû

ԴҲһ̬

ձУŹһԺĵ˼죬ְַ౻ܶɡ

ֵھȥְܾ࣬ˡ

׵ȵ¿ԴิϰøϰֻڴſùҦҲѹ»صԼĻ

ֺһֱ¿죬Ծǰ

ԴһѧԾһд˼ʾͲݲݽ˾

ȻֱѲӵĽ̵δݺݵһ١

ǵù͸ˣװ˺ɽԴǱĨ

ɢڲְͬѧȴȫһ顣

ǺȻãԾһ˲٣ĿƺģģҲܽһ

һ޺ʱҲԼԾ

Ϊܳһʱ꼶һǰԸԼʵѧϰҲǿһЩ

ԺһҪ̣ȴ־뷴ԽԽԶ

Ǹְ࣬ܲΪ⣬ֻ뿴ôѧģűԿ鿼˽

ǽְ࣬ûѧϰûĽ⣬һѳеĶʽǱ

ֱ취ʲôã˵ˣЩ򵥵ĹʽԼϤˡ

޺ǸִˣֺǿûҵԼҪģԸ˳ⱻ̭

Ǿֻʵˡ

޺Լ㲻ʣѧҲͦɣûôӲ

һµıˢо

ÿһŶܼ񣬾ϴѧˡȻ˵Ǿ仰

ǰ޺ãԼҪżҲһѵ顣

ѧӢѧóѧҲϺȣѲ

ڣӲһԺ󣬻ѧڶԼչЦ

ôܼˣ޺롣

ƶҲƵ顣

һĵһѾ˴רߣǵײģٲһѡ

ѧУֻѧô᲻ȥ

˵ľѧŽְࡣ

û뵽һְ࣬Ϳʼƺֹıġ

ƶǸʵˣȻ˼ѧô͹һԡ

û뵽ԼǰĹʽԺôȻô

ƶãڲηѧˣĿ˵Ҳһᡣ

ǰָͷһ㣬֮ǰƶһη役ǵĸ߿Ϊֵڴˡ

˾ƶʱˣǶǿְ࣬ûȥ˳ˡ

һЦƶ磺ѧԣοôǲǾ֮ǰôö˷ˣ

ҲǴѧ̫ʵ汻ǸСѾͷˣȰӳຣɱٱСѾͷˡ

ǣĿҪǱˢ⣬ƨð

ƶ翴ˣеͬ飺ҾãӦܿϴѧˡ

һ㶣ֿʼЦ

ȵԶˣһ˵ƶ粻ҲǱǸϴ˰ɣҼǵѧҵһ֣Ȼ˵ԼҪѧ

ǣһģһһҲЦһ롭ǾҲû˵ţָܿϵġ

ôһ˵˶ûЦ飬ֺȻЩڡ

Ҫְáˣ϶ܣ

ſԷ쿼Ժͷżˡ

ֻһ˼ҡ

֣ͦͶʽȷ˹ϵҲ߶ѧ˶һ顣

ϲˮҲ˿ڸһѣЦĿǱᡣ

˰죬²߻иã˵¿ˣοô

⻹ʣѶȻǵһ

˻˵㿪һʲôʲôְࣿ˵ѧУĲ٣»ֲ˺ãǸ˵

ʲôʱǼᶨվԼһߵģ˭Ҳ˵ԼõĻ

ҧһѣ֭ˮﱬۡ

û¶㣬ǺܿͲ˵ˡ˵

˵ŻȥæȥˣͲ¥ĳ¥ġ

һͷʽ㣺Ƕһˣ̸ۼû

ֺˣأҪĳС

̲סЦҵĺý㣬СıԼ˾С

ЦЦţɫû˵Ҫȥ

ȥûа˭˵ģһĪ

ҡҡͷˣ㣬ҪǶˣûɣ᲻İ

˵ʲô˰ɣµɫҲ

ûУҾʡġ

°Űɣ룺Ŀ϶һĵģҲãҪΪԭˣҲֻ˵ûԵ֡

ôͺã˵Ҫ£ǧ嶯Լˣȵġңȵ˿еǡ

˵ʲô˰ɡ¸ӻˡ

룬Ǿǰ͸ҲһǶ˵һ˹ȥǸͦҾǵҪǹȥҪָˡ

ͨҲû˽ҳسǺҲƺźңԶľ롣

ŷŵĵͷʾ֪ˡ

Ǳ߰ǱǱߡ

ԴֽųҵĹϵ˶ҪжæڽҲûôסš

ھӡһˣΪԴŮ⣬˺

ȻҲΪ˵Ҧ飬򱧲ƽѡ

ǲôⲻһˣԾҲûŽ̸

Ԥ뻹Ҫǰá

ºǾܾãϱҪΪԼЩ߰£Ҳһʱ˺ͿȻ󳹵ݽ̶β

ҲΪʲôԽھһӡ

㣬ôҶǿĺܣŽ˵

ʱ򣬶Ų߽Цǽá

ǣСȭͷҪ֪˭۸ҽ㣬϶ֲ˺á

ңҲ۸ġ˵⻰ʱ򣬶ŵĿһ۾£һ߽һ졣

µҲһӺˡ

еŮǹġ



ѧʦڽŵľͳƷ

ΪǸѧĵһ¿֮ǰ;ԼУ¿ɼʮֹעѾľʹüˡ

ɴֱľ飬ʱԾ˳ʦһѹ

Ծǵһģ⣬һֻ֣ĺӢԵĸ֣ܷ700֣Ưþٵһ

УĳɼѾľˣڸĵĻְûн

Ȼְ֤ѧƽǼֹ۵뷨УҲòܡ

ѧ212ѧϸ54ˣ¿һֻ266˲μӡ

ְڻ63ˡ

ôı˵ƽƽֻһУ˵ʲôҪס

ϸ룬־һ̫ܡ

һ£ֻǵкˢ򵥵ͣôԵЧ

УĥҪǳɼ̫ĻҪҪٸһʱʱ򣬸ĳɼͳƳˡ

ĳɼģԺĬ˺ܾá

ôУʡ

ʦȻ˵

ֹһų̾Լɣڵĺӣ˲á

Уùĳɼܱ

౾עĵطÿѧܽг

ֻ룬УͲԡ

Ѹ֮ǰĳɼùһڸ߶ĩɼҲҪһ˵һֿĳɼܱ

УҵһϤ֮֡ǰ

ҵһ֡ʮ

ֶ΢΢

ϰְѧһѧڳɼĶԱȡһǻͨ졣

ص¿ɼǺܲ˰




38  38    ɼ¯

38 

ְĳɼܿͳƳ, ߰һʵеˡ

УĬ˺ܾá

ȻԱһѧʦһ̾ⱲǶ ˣ

һ, ̲סЦ

ЦЦ, ̾, ˼

ԾȻ, Ҫ˵߷֣ȷʵĸ, ǺʮĽѧѾܰѧѻܺõһ飬ѧ˵Ƕ֢ҩ

ôȫһĿݽõϣ

֮ǰʦҲûᵽϵĺô

ǾǾãЧôͼӰѡ

˭õ, һ£ͱžžˡ

ѧС۹ⲻ, Ҳ˵ļ˵, ǡɲ԰Ҳӡһݣ

ҲҪһݡ

ҲҪʦȲ˵



Уĵϣ¿ɼûüʽŰ񹫲, д, ˵ְ࿼ˣУڰ칫Ҵأ㾮ǵһҲҪúôô

⴫Ŷ, ȥ

ֻһͷúÿ飬˷Ѳʱ䣬𷴶˳ˡ

Ȼеķһ˫Ǽǡ

Ψһò׼ֵľˣſĿһջ, Ҳá

С棺㿼ôôεĿͦ򵥵ġ

ҲͷҲãоϴοúöˡ

ڶְĽ֪ǲΪ¿ɵĸ˼ˣǴ׼ʱ׼ˡ

ʱ򣬽̲סתͷŮҲÿûͦġ

Ŀء

Ҿúܶǰ϶ⲻĿڿһˡ

Ҳо

Ӧܼȥɣ

м˵

һ±ʸˣʲô¿Ժ˵

һ𣬰ϾͰ

ֻ֣ű飬ûʽϹΣڰϵѾˡ

ڶһʦһϾͿʼַԾĿˡ

ĵһڿӢ˵ְץӢϵ

ûڽңӢʦһλ̾ŰԾȥ

ͷһ⣬Ǿ115֡

ڶȴһ벻ˡ

ᰣ78֡

棬76֡

˶סˡ

ֵİᰣʱҲſվվһ֪ģ

һ㣬һѰᰣȻ̨ȥԼԾ

һ±ᰲѹҲææ̨ߣˤһӡ

ϵ𾪲һ룬ʼɵЦ

ӢＰˣ˵ڶң

һЦһļҡΡ

淵ͷһۣϢ

ԼҲѹֲסĻϲ

ǾͲԶˣֻ54֣ǰ೤

ӢɼһֱڰǰμģҲǼ˸ˮƽֻ˵ӡ

ЩĽĿһۣԼְ࣬һʱңֻϲ

úøžѧ˵߿ʱҲ˼ˮƽأ

ôģҲС㼵ʵģЩ˴඼ûְˡ

һʰᰣǲǸ㿪Сˣǵʱ϶һ֣Ҫôûء

ЦҸžѧ˶ˣǿӦõģ

ʦ̨µۣùܣֱӾͱ˵ֺͷ

50֡

һȡ

ҲǰϵļƫأպϣӢμֱֳӢ߳ʮʮֻε

ƫƫһŬˣӢϵʱֳ࣬ɼҲֻܽˡ

ҲǼְˡ

ĴչȥСӢôôģ

ЦüۣǷһӢεҾͦõģҲ˳㱳ˡ

Ҳܽô찡ǲš

ʵҶǵãǲã񲻺˼ͷ֪ԼžˣľЧãǾܽЩ﷨֪ʶͽⷽҾñͦõġ

ţҲֻܷˡ

ֻǿǿǱϣĿƵûüء

Ҳ֪ùľͷǰֻɵڵЩˡ

һĺٺٺٺ١

úûкֺˣ뿴Ц΢οһ㡣

ˣŰͷһɫְˣǵڶһǰ붼벻ˣ˵Ựһʱȫûˣֻź漸Žü

ֻϧԼҲͷˡ

ְûãǷҲ಻˼ְзʱ˸Լ˵ϵĳεЦ

Ҳ˷ʳû˸ƾˣ˲Ц

֤û£ᰵ⣬Ӳ˵ڵóӶأвŽְȥӡǵѴҿǧȥһǵ˵أ

⣺ЩȥҲûϵ֮ǰͼֲȥģٺõķιҲһԲ£˵ˣЩֻŶѣĺöںͷء

߿Щֲȥ뿪ģǿϵģʵԼԼ̭ˣں

żôȻΪ뿪ģҲںĵİֻǴָ©ĶҪĿıҲΪɸѡԼ渨ˡ

ȻнˮǼ׷ӣҲʲô˶Ը̵ġ

˵˵ҦؿҲҪҲϸˣԸ

ǾãҪ˸Լˣ˺͸ˣҲٴŮġ

ʲôԸģ룬ʵһҪлأҪȻҲ֪ԴǸʲôˡ

ʵҲȣϱҦȻãҲˡ

ҪˣҲûʲôҪ˵

зؽҵʱ򣬾˵¿ܳɼѾˡ

ᰶʱ˷žǱ߳壬һ˵Ҹ˵Ҿοرãûи㶪

濴̲סЦҲڴ

һȺ˶ӵΧ˳ɼǰˮò

һǾ700ܳɼϹ˵ۡ

ڶȴ޺Ҳƶ磬һЩİ֣棬436֡

˵˵;һŮ֮һ

ǵڶ᰼ֱ

άֲסƽЦ⣬죬ɴ۾濴ԼֺþãȻ̲ס

Ŵŵˮڵϣ΢΢ϸӴﵽس·ϵĳһ

ԱʶģɫӵĿֿζ

Ȼԭһһİ֣񺣡

˭ʡ

ʱȺһѧһУҾȻǵҾ˵ˣžѧ϶û

ԭһǾԵܣҲǰѾҪ᳹׵һ

ְܷƽȻû񣬵Ҳİٳͷһǰ޷ķ

ƽʱϲ˵ỰЦְĺγɣʱҲĬˡ

ƽʱܾүƽĶʮȻʼԼڸ塣

ҲҲһֳɳ

񺣿ɹ˲Ա˵ĽȺһȦڿҵˣȻѵļ߹Ķžһʦлл

һʱ䶼ЩΣԼŬĽ

һɵЦûϣҿɿôߵķ֡

ʲôϣܸһ

ְ෢ǸôұһöûУ

ʵ

ǲų

νȻҲֻܴ޺ƶ棬͵

Ҳַˣȥ·ϣһֱɵǺǵЦ

Ҿ֪ο϶úã

ҰԺ϶ҲˣŮǿһ꼶أ

㻨Ǯ϶ˡ

ȥһ°ѣķо٣

Դϱһ£ҲǼɵǺǵЦ

Ҳֻҡͷ

¿ɼ˶۾

ְǾԼĽǼǵĺ

˭û뵽ɵѧŪְ࣬ȻôõЧ

޺ƶ磬ɼʵҲ˲١

ͳƣְԱ֮ǰպñȾŵĶһ

⻹Ҫġ

ؼְѧǷַȣǾȶȫĴ

һʱ䣬ϼ˸߿ʤ˶Ҫһݡ

ʵûô񣬡ζԸУ͵Ҫ¿ü򵥣ûʲôرθѶȵ⣬Ҳ˱˶ôõЧϹֻѧϰŬһֱ䷨ѧãˡҲ֣Чޡ

־У־УУŲںЧ߻ǵףֻҪãѧǾԵıϰŸӡҸӡȡѧУһݣ㲻ɡ

νĴӦˡ

ǶУģЩԭְԼѧɲٸһλ£ȴԥܾˡ

˰ԵҵİҪҵҲֻ˵Ǳ˴˲̫ʣûҪٸһλˡ˵

ЩͬѧѾʶԼĴ󡭡У˵

ֱӴĻҪҵľҲ̫ˣѧҶųһ屾ƵģҪǴ̫࣬ɾͲһˡ

У˲ͱˡ

鵽ǰѧȻһı

ֻһϱءУһֶٶིȫš

ѧУĸְҲһƾճԪԴκġ

Ҳмν̫˲ģڵı̭ȥ

˲Ҫ꼶ͷԭ꼶ڶ޺͸ĵһƶΪ

Ȼ˷֣ζλ̫죬˫˫˵ĵ塣

ְϿεʱ򣬾һȦҵɫֱ˵ȹϲλδұֶȫְͨĿˣˡ

ûüˣֵͷһˮ¿òҲø̫磬߿ԾѧԾѶȽ˲٣400Ҳ㲻ʲô

⻰һ˵ˬ˺üİᰣҲֱ

ЩƮ˼ɹȥˣתͷ˵ԽиıսȻһǾ仰ֲȥʱ˳߿ʤԶֻߵˡ

ٴλܣԣ׼û

׼ˣ̨£ǲ̫룬Ǽᶨֳϣ




39  39    ŵ

39 

ڶ, ٴνʳõʱԭֺʳ˲Ͱ

һ˽, һؿɲ˵лˡ

˾Ǿ

Ǹְʦ

, λ, ϧһ, ҪȻ˵ҲϴѧĻᡣ

Ҳ˶أԼ˳һ, ŻڵóӶˡ

ʳмûģߡ

ȻƤô

һ˵ĴߣиŮЦĹ, ȸᰴкŵĽܵҲʳƷ, ϻػȥҹ, ǵò

ᰰһţ㲻ǶԼ˳ְ, ʱЦ׹ƭˡ

ѽʱ˵, ⲻʶԼĴʹдһְɣұ֤Ժѧϰ, ʲôģ

˵⻰ʱĿžҪǲϴӦֱ۸ˡ

ɲһ, ҡҡͷûҪ㵱ֲȥ˵ϵʣٻҲ˷ʱ䡣

ǡŻ˵ѾƲ߿

ֶ϶м󣬾ֱӷŻϵֻô࣬ģְ˳ճС

ְ˶ͷױסԼλӣĸԸ˳

Ҳ˵ҪʦֹģУܣʦû취֡

һʱ䣬ѧǳˡ

ͬʱлҦϴ

죬ҦͷԴ֮ǹϵһγΪѧУĻ⣬ҦȻúõĴְϣкܶ˲Ŀ

žҦϴ磺ôְడ˭֪ʲô˼˵ʲôĥأ

ǣԱһҲǻŮСۣҾͲžôȡϻز˵а취ͽصǱߵʦȾǿ˲֪ٱοôһˡ

Ҧ𵥴һ㣬Щˡ

ϧС֪˵¶ĿģЩô˵Ϊ˰ȥһ

᲻С֪ԼԹ԰óȥ

ҦǱ߲ãĳȰҦǸǣ˲ųãҪ濼ȥˣʮа˾ŻͷͲһţ˼Ұְֿǳأʱԩûꡣ

ҦرƯŮ˵һŮ΢úÿ㶼Ҫİأ˵ѣ˵Ϊ㳤ñá

̾ˣЩССͣô⼿ôأ

ᰶӰ죬ҲȰǰҦ̭ĺá

̾˵£ҪҵıҦ𺦣ȰҦҵǸеȥˣûУ

һ㶡

Цʵ˭ںǵƨأΪ˸˼ѧϰϣҪ⾢أ

ǲϲҦ𣬿ɵȻһͬˣҲûΪ˵Ͱ߳ȥĵز

ҪҦԼأʡ

ʼ磺ǾԼѡ޹ء

ǵףҦûˣҲںģԷԼʧˡ

ڸְѧƶѧϰƻ

ȷְȫԱͨʱͿʼÿδŸˮƽѧСΣԵǿϰ˼·һ׶Ҫ˵ѵ㡣

ϹСεѧԾ޲ڣ˵һСʱϴѧ·ƺѾԼǰˡ

һѧôȥֵҦ

һѧвģֲܷ̫࣬ǿҲӽ

տʼȽǹͬ⣬иϰ˼·

СʱȥȻû࿴ҦһۣЩš

ţе顣

ȻҦԼû˳ЩлϾӰ졣

ĵǣôġ

˭֪ûһʲôʲô·ͷЩԾ͸ƨһ

Ȼǵһһĸ

̨ϣһǽȥ˵ʱҲ̣ܶӾ˵ˣϵı鶼ǻȻŸм

ֵҦ𣬾Ƥû̧򵥷˷ĳɼԾĺӢﲻֻҪƽʱҸҽķѧˣĶۣĶӢҪǴʻ⣬ǵö౳ͷġ

ֿ˿ҦļƾӣͦģѧǷ죬һ黹Ҫһĵһǲǲ̫⣿ҪֵٰĹʽУԺٶصԾ̣¸µµȥµԾ

һ˵ţһˢˢԼıʼǱϼһʣȻ˵һ

Ҧȴûߣֵָֻһšš˵лл㡣

̧ͷȵĿһۣЦлǮģֻһʦְѡ

Ȼ˵һ

Ҧ첽߿ЩἸ˸̲סЦԼСۡ

ҲھǼ֮ǵѹͲ°ɡ

ҲǣԼڲҲһ÷ԴͦģԶԶȲһԾ



ְĿϵݱѧҲæ׼Ӧϼļ顣

ÿоֺؾֵĽ鶼ڸѧУתһתʲôĵطֵƹ㣬ʲôλĵطҪġ

ĸѧУ˵ٶһ£ҪСӦ

УҲ⣬һǰͿʼ׼ʲôطûλ˵пܿѡ

ѧĽѾ׽ˣɲϣǰ׵ʱѧУʦĹʶ㷢

˵ѧĳвתһȦתͷ˸ߡ

鳤˵нµĸɲУʶ鳤ͦ죬ؽһΣԲƺܺ˵

ǸУ֪λĸףǸܲô򽻵

Ȼһ棬ͰԸУ˵˸дٱţ˵ѧУ͵͵С࣬ûйƽĸͬѧᡣ

ñһǣǵӱĸУҲ̲סˡ

⻰ô˵ģѧУһְ࣬ǵҲȫУѧѡιģƽЩſɲš

Цһ£дţɱץСӡ

Уȷʵе˽ԹǺöǰˣֻϧһֱϷŹ

ȡ˼鸱鳤ĻᣬΪ˺úʰһУ

鳤˵ֺǾͿȥǸʲôְࡣ

УѾְǰʱ򱻱ƵǽҲû˰취ﲻɰǸСˡ

һȺߵְĽſڣһõĻңͦð

ҲǿšУ͵

ͷտҲһ˶ûС

ԭΪӦļ飬У֪ͨȻԼİ༶ϿΣӦⲨ˵

ƺҲ⣬⿴һȦֶźڰǰ幫ʽЦһ

ȥԺУҪְľϣ˵Ҫһûʲô⡣

У̫ˣְಢûеֳƽʱԼϿΣֻÿϰʱһСʱǶӲͣô˵ҲֻѧУʦѼӰ࣬ףô˵Ƿء

ֶİ鳤鳤˵乫

ΰ¹ΣԭߵѡѧУʵĴ˺棬صһˡ

ͿԼĸ鳤ѧУУԸ֮ǰƵԼϴ磬Ҳ̫룬γ¸鳤ʵЩͱˡ

ΰ̧̧ͷǻУһľõģҲֻǲ©ȱҪʲôֵýĵطҲѧУƹ

ǵľûʲôƹģһЦλУӿɲС˵ѧʦ˵˲ٹʣҿʲôǮȨͷ

Уһŭˣ˵⻰Ҫεģ

򶨣˵νְʦѧУѧʵûʣʵʵǲǵѧУĹˣ

Ҳǵʮ㣬һһ

ΰҲоԣüͷһ壺УҪϸĵˡ

У̾ɴС˵־İֱӶԺΰ˵鳤ְĸȷʵǸѧ˼汾µġ

һѧܱʦб£㵱˵أ¸鳤̵鳤ˣҿֱýֽ飬ӧһͷ⡣

ˮƽͱǵʦߣһȫԼȥʣУҲϿǸǮǴԼĽģҲȥ˵

ΰԭ˼һҪô죬֣Ȼһ㶡

Ǹˡ

ѧУѧʦȵʡ

УѾ˺ҲˣͷǵģǸ꼶ѧɼǳãҲæһͬѧĹΡ

ҿԼͬѧ𣿡ΰʡ

ȻԡУ˰һۣͷ

ʱԼλдš

ոյһڿ༭ţµĸ˳㻹һ˺ܾöûҵ

ѾͲڿı༭ѣʱȻյĻǴ߸š

ֻϧ֮ǰϵһ༭˵Ϊ뿪ڿˡ

֪ʱͦźΪλæĸܶǳõϡ

ȻҲͶұ˲ܸߵĸȥ

дһ룬ʦоȥһУҡ

мУҪұ̫𣿡֡

ʮһǳһǴĸ£һȴŨŨı˼ˣҪǹؾ°»ãҪһ飬ͲòСõȵ˳ɼͷ

ϱѧУô꣬һҲģ֡

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վŲˣԭտİ칫ҼģһȥУڸһ쵼ģ˽Լ

գգ۾˵Уá

ǸԭŵֱվһЦĳ߹֣СͬѧμⰡҿɱƭˣû뵽㾹ȻǸѧ

һ㶣λʶ

ʮ꣬˹˹ĵģһīЩͷƺʶԼ

Ǿ䣬Ҳ벻λ˭

ڷ㶣һЦǺΰ塣

۾һӵɴˣα༭ǵôѧУˣ

õΰЦⲻ֮ǰһֱܺ棬ص㣬û뵽ȴһš

˼ЦҲǹƭģҾڿ粻¼ѧĸӡ

ڽӹ£ĹѧʦءΰЦ˵

仰ʵûʲô⣬Ա˶롣

Դӷ鳤ѧʶѾһأ仰ǳήˡ

Уǵúܣ⳯һպñ¸鳤

¿ɺã˵ǽøˡ

ΰŲں鳤Уİӿܸ˵ĺСʦȫģôҵԺ벻﹤ֱӱһֵĹƵġ

⻰¸鳤˲Ϻ͸УõӰˣȫע鳤ǸŮѧϡ

ȥоֶ˺öˣ˭֪һڶĸȻܵõôһݺôεºأ

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û뵽ǣȻֱӾܾˡ

ֻҡҡͷлα༭ĺ⣬׼ѧʱŲμӹ

ΰԵͷҲǣĳɼ϶ϺôѧȷʵûҪŲμӹ

ԸԸⰡ¸鳤ϧ˵

ͬʱϻе㲻мһˣֲǲ֪ѧʲôԣѧأܲϴר˵

¸鳤ʵں棬һͨͨѧѧôλս쵼ʶϵģҲ֪ûܽĵط

¸鳤ֺ޵ĺ˼ţ鳤˵ˣ˵УҲҹ㣬ҪתѧȥҲˣܿã

ЦԼǰѵòǫһأҾǾûʲôžܾģǱ߱ѧҲò˶١

⻰¸鳤۾ɵøˣѧǽжѧУҲΨһϣѧĸУô֪ߵغŮѧ˸ѧѧУأ

ҲͰˣȵ鳤Ǹְ྿ʲôʱ򣬾Ŀˣ߿ȡϱưɡ

Լ˲٣͸˵ţࡣ

һոߵľűڴЦɣ

¸鳤ѹĴ󻰣̲סһڼǰ˵⻰Ҫеεġ

ЦһЦû⣬Ŀ׾ܴﵽ

Ҳ֪ոߵǲӳˣ˵󻰵ʱҲûֹֻһ΢Ц

¸鳤һת˼ֳˣ鳤ȻôŵˣǲҪѧĿ˱׼ҪȻнҪ겻ɡ

˭֪鳤ȴڰ֣Ƕ֪Ŀѣ˵˵УûҪ뿼ˡ

УҲУĿﲻ˰ҵɴñժˣҪǴﵽˣҲñĽϣܰѧУĲٳܵˡ

ѧĲٳܵǻʯӺģһηʱ͵ˮУͲƺþˣϧҪ󼸰ٿǮһֱû

¸鳤һ壺ؾֿûǮ

ôûˣ㳡ѧɲΪ㳡ѧУϵþͲУ˵

¸鳤ŵĿһۺ鳤ոߵ˵ʲô֮ææ˺ˣĿ꣬ĽҾͰ룬ɲ

Уо쵼֤ҿɲˡ

ﻰ⣬ʮ㡣

ΰҲúЦֿһۿӿݵĲٳɴ飺ѧĲٳȷʵҲҪˣҪһѧҲð졣

תͷʾģ

ԥĵͷ

Ҿ͵ǵĺϢˡΰ屾ΪһˮƽҲܸߵϽʦҲ֪ı£Ļ̫ɡ

Ľϵͳȴһڴ˵ѧţƤ죬ŻҪʮѧ

ʮѧԾȥģУ޵

תͷֵĵʾȷܿʮ

֮ǰоֺؾֵ쵼ǰŵʵǾģ¿ͷ嵽İٶˣϴѧϣܴҪǺٳһ񲻾ͳ

˭뵽ĩֱǸһѣɶڵſԼЦء

ʮҲ󣬡ȴɣУܷġ

У̾Ҳֻܰרҵ齻רҵˣ˺ڣҲﲻʲôæ

ܿ죬ѧУҲѧĴԡ

ʼֻúЦϸ߻ŴڣҲ°ۿ

֣У־Ц̫Цˡ

Ϊ΢ռУôһɫѧѧУֻʹ

ңѧˮƽȷȷʵʵǲġ

УҲ£ȻԼѧУʦˮƽߣǱѧȺʦܹǲġ

ôһ룬ĺʹˡ



У޵ģǸдŵģǧټҵؾֵˣҪԼ

Ҳôò飬ֲǾ죬һʱҲ㲻徿˭ĵġ

ԴȴԼǵù͸ˡ

̵Ҳ֪ʲôаǹԼ鷳Ե޹ʶ˺üˣƫƫίûطй

ҦҲ׷ˣʱ䶼ְ࣬ǸҲ֪ڵĸʲô

һǧֵĹͲϲˣǸѧʲôأ

üְΧǻ˺ܾãҦע⣬ݺݽѵһξϧһ뵽Уˣʲô

Դһصһ·ߵСʯӣϧʯȴһЬݺһ¡

ôʯͷ۸ҡԴ൥˰죬ŰǿСʯͷŪܲˬһӶϧҲ֪ʲôùˣñ̵οץݺһͨ˵Ҷƻ

ⶼʲôأ

ʵԴҲ̫ҲҦˡ

ǸŮ˲ˣһر飬Լˣ΢Ҽأ˼ҾֱӸ״̵ȥˡ

Ȼ̵һ̱ĳв޲굽طȥźá

ɼʱ򣬷ԴҲǺúѧϰѳɼȥôʰԼŮһͺڡ

Դ࿴һ˫۵Ū˶ЬѩƤ棬ϱƯĻƣȾ˴İЬȥˣֻϧ۸Ҳöࡣ

Դ򣬿ϧԼǮҲեʲôˮ˳ǧͷʲôûˡ

ǵùߵģ룬ҵһƫƧĽ䣬׼ѧУȥʲô·ŪǮ

շһ룬иŮЦǽϸкӴ׼ȥİ

Դǽһ£Ա˭ַ

ŮҲһѧǺŮһͷ̳ըĲͷϻͿ˿ں죬ȥڵġ

˵ڽҲúܿ

ɾ̵Ҳҹ˵ΪŮе㱳

ȻɽǸǽͷݣֻ۸ȨƵġ

һ뵽Դͷص뷨ˡ

׼ȥ棬ȥȥŮЦ

Ůò羮ƯҲȲҦ𣬵ǣԴ࿴óŮϲԼ

ԴϲŮĽУþ޴ĳɾ͸кЬ¼Ȳ˵Ŀ֡

Ȼ仰һ˵ŮԭǿһӱŤ˵һ仰Դû̫壬ȻͿֽýĴΧǽһǻԥʲô߰

Դæ׷ȥ




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ְĽȰվİ, ɵĽš

֮ǰæһʱʵҲûж£Ҫǽ, ʵ, Ҫ᰺ȥԼ

ɲΪ͵, İԼյ֪ʶٱȥ, ⱾҲһЧǳõѧϰʽ

Ƚ񺣣޺ƶǼĽ׷Ժ, ̨һֹֻܶ˶ȥһԡ

ɴʱ˶̨εĻ, ΪһεĻͷˡ

ᰶ˵ԼʵͦϲʦģԺҪȥʦѧԺ

ǾİðԼϵ϶, Ի, Ǹϰᡣ

ɵҲ⣬Լøʵ, ÿ춼˵òˡ

ôѧ, ˭ƣʱĩûлؼңҲȥ, ȷѧԺԳУˣž˵һȥ¼͡

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ʵ̫ǵ¼ʲôʱֵˣܾûҪٹС

ϱ, кܳһʱ䶼£Ҳѹûʲôӡ

ôûУʹˣи۵ǱߵĵӰ˵ĵÿɴ̼ˣѧУö˶ϲ

ЩʲôƬӣʡ

ָͷʼйƬЦƬˣкö̸Ƭӣ˵رٿˡ

˵ֵİҲ˼ֳž·󣺡ȥ

¼Ҳͦ͵ͷӦˡ

ʱسֻһ¼СͷľȥҵһЩԱһ׷̫̫ȥȥѧ͹ˡ

ʲôƬӿѡ̫̫һ֣ͷŵʲôͿʲôѡǮһ˵Ʊˡ

ڷŵʲô̫̫ͷһ죬ֺܿǲ̸Ƭӣ㵽׿

һһǮƱǮͰѾһ˽ȥ

С˲٣Ϊ߻谵˭Ҳ˭ΧһС¼Ŀת

ڷŵǲǹŻУ¼в̫ĸ۵־ʶʡ

ʵֻǵôƬ

Żʲôֻͦ˧ġһ˵

һ㶣һԴҲǼǻˣŻдʮԺŻ֣иӢ۱ɫҲҪꡣ

ϵ¼ܻӭǸֹƬ͸ЦƬƬҲгܻӭģĳָҴ̼İƬ

ʱŵһƬ᰸տʼýζϧƬӲŷŵһ룬ʹסˣɫͨžǱˡ

Щôĳģˣ̵ֻˡ

ó߶ʵãǼȾͷ¶㶼ûУ㲻ʲô

ĻϵǶ޵Ϸ˵ѾǼĴ̼ˡ

᰾ͱŵðز

˺һӦ־ÿˣһǮûʲôأͳˡ

ǰžȥ̫̫ȥˡ

һᣬԼ̫ʵھ÷ˣӻ֣ڷŵǹƬƱǮ͵ˣҪٱųɱҡ

ᰳʤžȥˡ

¼ͷǺںģҲ̫ãʱĻһŰɭɭŹڣȻһذ׹Ǵۿ˳

໵Ľһ㡣

Ҳһ£ȴΪϸеЧЦʵ̫㡣

һᣬסûȫĳЦ

һСʱһʱеϵӰﻹͦĵġ

᰾ȫһˣŵСɷףԺСﶼ̲סհǰ˺´ӰͻȻһ߹ͷӡ

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¼ɢʱһһŮҲЯȺֹȡ

Դ§㣬ϵЦȻɫһ̧ͷ

ôˣ

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Ҳ̧ͷܿҵ¶мһ˵ı飺Ǿɣû뵽ֺѧҲ¼񡣡

Դຬĺһ

ͷϵĲ˾һתҪҪ˰ѵһ

ԴĵһӦǲңУţ˭

ЦʳָһѷԴĶͷɵѧУᣬͷһͨѧʲô˵ġ

УƦʮ㡣

ԴеͷǾͰҺݺݽѵһѣҾ֪ˡ

ȻʵҪ˴£һ֮ûϵ

ȴһӺˣ˵ģһ



ͰڻصѧУ

һ·ᰵĿ־Ѿɢˣ²ʾҪҪȥֹһ䡣

سĺУ˵ͷʲôеҲҪƱ

ȴҡͷԾûأ´˵ɡ

Ҳǣ᰹ԹԵͷҰִӦҵ㻨ǮҲû֣Ǯˣȥдȥ

ȻǽŵĸϰһŽһŵԾƺԶ顣

ÿؿһС˵ʲô˵ҪѧܽӴõ֪ʶ᰾̲ס̾ҪôõļԾͺˡ

Ļش𣺡±ӻпܵġ

ðᰲ

侮Ҳ鿴öˣȻиждһƪƻС˵Ծ֮ǰƪ٣ȻͶˡ¡־

ƪС˵Сں˱֮ǰӲһ㣬дֳĹ£ЩأǸȻǱӵĻ

Ϊʵļ䣬ϸԵøΨһб༭ϱ༭ģȻҵֹ徫

ҹô2030ͳΪһǿܵһϽվϱ༭Եǹһ̨ˣʮ겻ܷ컹ʲôأ

ϾֻǿƻС˵Ҳб༭Ȱ

ƻҲϹ˵ϱ༭ܲϿɡ

Ȼĵİ壬ƪӡ

˶ƪʮͣصذѸӡûð־ؼҸӶ

ǾС˵ϲдĹˣرŮʮ꣬ҲǸԴӼǰ˾ĵһƪС˵ͳᶨ֧ߡ

ĶӱȽС꣬ͣʱǸдʱơģں˻ֻϧıֲ̫ڣ˷¡

ҲдһѽͻãҲϲҾȿˡ

ƾʲôѽܵܿɲãϼս

Ҷ죬ͷͷƪġ

Ժֻζ˰졣

֣ǹԺô֡

ܵЦ˵ǿƻС˵ѡ

Ȼô˵ȵϳԷʱ躽պЩרҵܿ

ڻеҵӵĻЦ㲻˵ԺĿ

ŮЦһ´ܵܵС˼ǱһƪƻС˵סˡ

ʲôƻС˵ҲҿЦ˵

־¸ӣǸдġŮױ

ǹƳԿƻС˵ɷҪϲƪʱơƻã˵˵ζ͸ʣǺ͵ġ

˵̽µģ۾һ

ȻһƪС˵һͿˣھ˼˺þãɷ򣺡ٶҴʱǮ׼ƪŵЩСӶ࿴һ쵽Աسɥòˡ

԰ɣҲƪرᾢĸ׵Ͽýʾǳˡ

УѵϿԼ־ǳɴĴӦˡ

裬Ժô𣿡ǵĶ˺֮ǰһ⡣

ǵĸЦ϶ԣҪʵ֣ҪһŬܶС

ʮԺ϶ǿˣڷɣ¹⿿Ҳ㹻ѪȣĸԸһ

ҲϣԼһ˫ŮܹۿһǿĵΪ֮ܶҲΪ֮




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ٴĵػĿʱ, ȴΪĿʽɢˡ

ػصļѶ̫̫࣬Ҫ, ϵԸһؼҵ

, ƺ˽ЩĳЩĿɹĽݾ, ǵǸ쵽Ŀ껹·, ȴҪʱ֪ˡ

߽Ŀ칫ҵʱһŨŨϢ

, ʲôֻ򣬺ò㣬ͱһȺܼڹˣأӻǳಲˡ˵⻰Ǹʮ, ڵĵһػͽһһĥġ

Ҳ˲ⶼϻˣһϵͳǵӹ, ֹ, أѾ˵Ĵ˼Ǵģɵ·, ǹм˶ɵ·, ģ˵ĴˣСģļɵ·ӲϵͳǶûŪףô׷ȥ

ٸӱƱ, ʮǸƢģӸɸô֪꣬ͷȺӵ˼뿿ǮĺüҶȥҲ룡һ׷˼ƨɺ棬ǰŰͰ͵˼ȥ

Ҳô󻯹, ϴǸմӱǱŪһ׾ϳ־򵽣ôͲ·ˣ˵ҵǽͬģֻҪϻǮ켼Ϳ϶ŪôȷѾԼĵǿ

棡ɣʮָ˵ıֱ֮ˣڵʱ򣡡

˵еҵִҵĻʹڣҵǻʹϾԵ飬ˮƽֱӾһҵĹҵչˮƽڸḻʮĿУּζܿʩġ

ֻϧ΢ᣬҲûʲôô

һЦɲڣ˼ϾҪȥʱʳȥˣȻҪδĶ˵

ͺ죺ҳȥҲΪѧɹЧԺ϶ģôܺأ

һһҪ׼ڰźӶһȫȥ

ҵı£ǡļʣ񶾵ķ̰һͦţʹ˻ȥ

һʱ䣬칫ҳһš

˺˶죡Ŀ鳤һŭȣֹס־硣

ҲǸϸˣʲôûĿɢ˵ȻǸ޴Ĵ

ʱҲûҪ˵ʲôйֻԼҲʯͷӣǺǻ˭ôСףһõǰ̣Ҳеպѧɹһ׷ȥˣ»صǰĹλҲϣǼҵҵúùǹҺܴѺܶ࣬ţʲôѣ󶼻˷ģ

ŹϿЩ⣬ͷ

Ҳֵû˼ͷģ̾ģЩͬµĵλַԺҲϵ

Ҳ˵˼仰Ϊ󣬳˻ͳοСƷһһ¡־

ƪƻС˵СҾдͦõģλŬҾùԺ϶С˵дǿǿŬЦ

˶飬лȻɢˡ

Щ׼ֱӻؼңҲЩ׼⼸ᣬھǺúÿһ

ʱٹԺ󣬺ܶ˶ûʱء

ճţǸ׼Ͷš¡һЦֱӰոµ־ӽͰ

Ҳ˶ֽϵĦã벻ѡ

˿֣ЦѾͷʶǸˣֻû뵽дС˵أ

˵⻰ľǴӽбٹż֮̾ǰʳƷ;һǸ

һǸѾͷľˣС鱻ɢźɢ˲١

⻹λŮͬ־ĸλģż̾ͬʵ

ˣǸСѾͷ׼߿أż̾Ц˵ӢرеԺӦú˲á

ϸ˵˵˺ż̾ͬˮʡǽˣʡṤ

ż̾Ϳ죬ԼǻʳƷľ˵˳

˲ãǽɽӢţѸ̾

ɲǣż̾Ц뵽͹ҵǰĴ̾һˣŸϲϺʱˣԺȫһˡ

˵ͷҲʾͬ˳ְѾֺѧУԱһ



ʱͰһ֡

˵ּǰУسٵĵطʱ䣬־˥΢Ϊ̯

ͷ껹˽˰̯ʱ򣬴Ҷڰｻףߵضϣͨ˴СҲ࣬أԲű

ܵˣС̯ŵٺѧ˵˺еĴڡ

УȻҲͲǵǸ˵еĺˡ

Ȼǽв֮͵ĵطҲԵѰ̵Ͱٻ˾򲻵ĺö

簲᰾̸̯˵ǴͷģȻǶֻǾԱ档

۸ҲˣֱӾͰѰ᰸յֵ㻨Ǯեһɶ

տգȴ˷ܣһֱڸĸֳжãԴϸڱһأֱ겻֪ζû뵽ôãȻԵдŴ

ϧǸգȫ᲻СĿ֣Ҳ˸ֵշӢŴΪרġ

շǹ۲۵ĴһþͷߣҲŲûôѾ

˵ⶼпԷڶķˣʲôǼ۸̫治֪ʲôʱһ̨Ҿڴˡ˵

Ҳͷȷʵ˯ǰһӢҲ

ֻϧûҲȻѾδԼ˼¥ССʱԣȻǸʲĴڡ

ֹһ׼ѧУ

Ů֪ʱԼѾ˸׺ˡ

ѧвԶмҪһ߹հСЩƫƧ

ߵһ룬֮ǰǲƬ̲ס

ȻͿ˼Ӱ

ᰱŵþй

ôܡʶЦһͷ濴ͷбԿС졣

Ϊ׵Ǹʮ꣬żףббŸͷһͲʲôˡ

ӴСﻹͦģаЦϧ˲õˣһ͸Ưˡ

һӣ漸ҲΧ׽ס˾Ͱᰵĺ·

Ǳˣʡ

Ҳǵʲôˡ侲˵

ǹͺáһ

ǱСˣӡۡһ°ͷ³ȥǷģұȹҪ˶ˣϾǼʶʶ

һߣֱӴס۵С

û뵽ֻûȥأͱһǯһ˵ϣҲһʹʱ˲ҽУʲôˡ

Ųҵԭ򣬿˵һߡ

˻е㶣ŵϲҽеĴ֪ô죬Ѿһͱȥ

ȻȭŰĸֱӷŵڵأҶûմһ㡣

ȺҰֳӶԶˡ᰺ܱӵ˵

ǾңᰴСžȭøģסͨˣҲǷַӵ¡

ֻ˵Ҫ飬ȥӶǰȻʵرѹٳǸࡣ

ôʾ

ɣ˻˼ӦǱ֧ʹģ˵һأҲûǧշĵ˵

ûаһʮı£Ҳȥðա

ǻƺһСó׻ˣ˵ĶԻҪܣʱ˫ŶԼˣ˰춼ûܵóȥ

Ȼͱһקϵͷĸ˰˫֣һ

һ߰һۣҾʣ⼸ͷȫ˷ˡ

ٸ򼸸

ϸһȺ˾ֵķߡ

ȻؾֵľͿСĸ͹˵Լˡ

һأ˵ԼǸٵˡ

ƫƫСüĿģҲɸɾ治ܺߡ

һʱצ

ͳԼѧ֤֤ѧѧʱĻˣȡ˾Ρ

걻ȥѶʣСҲ˱¼

˵ǰŮǸʹЩľһЦ˵أǻȮŮֵҲɹƵ顣

Ҳٹᰵ۾һ

ǣϾҡͷЦǼΪҲץ˺üɧŮĻ죬ô͹ġ

᰽Цְ˵ĹǼҴģ˵үүøƯأ 

ʱиᾯ߽Ͼ˽˼䡣

ŮôҲˣϾüʾͰᰣѧУǲǺ˷ìˣ

Ͱᰶһۣҡҡͷ

ϲʶһˣʡ

ȻãȻҡͷһᣬᰲźȻѧУǸУԣû

һأҪɾˣᰵ˵ѧУôһˣҲʶ

ǾˡϾ֣ԥ

صһɳȻ󣬵سǾôƨ̧ͷͷģ׵һˡ

˵ˣСҲûܵʲô˺ǰĸòվ

ǶͬѧεҲûʲôʧûҪֵ̫󣬡ϾȰҪӰʹˣҰҳйǸ¶ˣвУ

ͰᰶһۣûңΪʲôҪ˴ء

ЩҲ֪ȴ绰ͬѧֽй˵ɡϾ˵

Ͱһͷ

ʱ򣬾ʵֻӵɻ

ѹʶˣҲ֪ԼΪʲôҪᣬ߶ԷʵʵǸ֤´βٷҲûҪ׷Ųš

ѧУУԻǸŮģܸô˼ͦ

ûܣ˵ǺϵúãѧУҲûʲô˸˵

ʵ᰾ԼҲܾһУԱģϧֱʵڴ򲻹Ųò͵

ǸŮ찡죬еʧ

˺ܾãǱҲ˹ֹ˰СʱųһŮˣúܿţ촽Ϳʺ죬һѪƵġ

ŮʶЩˣǱѪԩˣ˵ҼˣҲͬ⣡һֺȻ۾ƳһŮ״СҼҵģһĻͺܲˣ

ͰᰶһۣѪѹһӾˡ

ŮǸ죬ҳҲ̵úܣһӿƺʲôƲ硣

¾٣ɲԩţ˵ˣС˵ʲôʲôˣһҪ˵С˻죬ҪҼҹŮأϾǱ˹ȥҼŮѧУֵÿɺˣۿϾҪѧôݺʲôģһҪúһ󣡡

Ͼ㱻˵ײǱĶ㿪ź͵СҲһҪźӺúýٵǸûˡ

ƾʲôǸ˵һӸ˰˶ȣҿǲҪǸҼСԹԶˡ

ѧУ˶֪Ůϵ˻ÿװʲôβǰܲһ䡣

ҲǸѧҲϾҪμӸ߿ģھ֪ŮΪʲôҪ˴ǣ˵ǾͲƽˣҪȻѧУҲŹɡҲ˵

ޣ˵ȻߣʲôҲŮƽϣǣسǺߵģ˵ѧУҹܣع֣Ҳ˵ϻˡ

תͷͶϾ׸ֳھﲻ͸˵̸ڵѾڱˣֹǴСһ𳤴ģϵɺ

һ˵һ߻һۡ

ͰһʱԶԣֻһȥǸϾ졣

ϾҲͷð

ԭֻС»˽µģû뵽ô仰£ƫƫôѰ׸ֶ˽ʱԼС

ϾҲò׼ŮǲͰ׸н飬Ȼܰ쵼ϣʱҲֻܰ˵¹ͺã顣

ԩˣҸֹһӾɤִ󣬳¥¥¶

׷ڰ칫￴ģ¥һĳһ䣺ʲôأ

ڱ¼Ǳأǡ˼䣬Űѻ˵

µ˵ʶʲô֣һʲôľף׷ּʡ

һİôϤ֣׷ѹûϣ׼Ҫ¹¹ֹס־ʱ򣬺Ȼ˵µһŮѧֱа᰺;

ˮľǸ׷ʡ

ѹû׺һ䣬ֻͷȷʵˮǸ

Ȼ׷ֵ¶Цˣ˵ѧѧȥһҲᡣ

׸ֳһ¥£Ǹ˾͵ĳž᰺һ֫Ҫ˴к

û뵽׸ֱֳԹʮеĶŮʣ˭Ǿ

˶һ£ԣһ˲˵ҡ

ãҽа׷֣֮ǰС˵־дأ˵

һ㶣ȻյһعֵĶţû뵽

ԶӦҼĵģû뵽־绹תˣұΪѧʦ˵ʵѧǺη

׷пţǸֳе׸ֳɲȨı˽СѾͷŮɲŹˣ

˵ŻָȥӾĶȥˣһᾯʵڿһѰס

׷üͷһ壺̫ȥҰ칫˵ɡ

ֿһצĸˣȻ߶׼ͽ⣬͸ɴúòһ飬ý˵ǹֲִ

Ů¥ߣǸֿʼתͷּһ䣺֮ǰȺڷӳ˵سǽ̫̫ƽѧŮѧ컯֮¶ᱻ٣¶Ҫúùһˡ

תͷϾ˵찡רŴѰ¼ͽϵå壬Ҳúòһ£ں˭ӡ

һȻЦЦŰ᰾¥

Ǹ˷Ūɳ׾µûˣʱŰ׸ֳ¥ıӰôأǼҲܺߣƾʲôƫСѾͷƾʶ

ϵϾ춼̲סһ䣺֮ǰԼ˵Ͱ׸ֳ죬Ű˼ҽ

Ű׸ֳ⸱ɣҲΪ⸾һͨӰ첻ãŹλδġ

ǰ;Ҳ͵ˡϾҡҡͷԼѾ御ƫƫ˼һ·ߣס

ӻҪ飬ȻŮûϵǾͻȥŽǣģԩһˣҲŹһˡϾԸ˵

ʱѾ׻񣬶ŰԲľҲûõ

ôҲû뵽һӵСôôأ

ﳹû⣬ֻܻææǼȥˡ

Ͼ쿴żæŵģҡҡͷ̾һ䣺Ǻαأ

ȺúǼС죬Ȼ߷һΧˣ֤Ӳõˮ©ɱ˿ȥϾ춣ͽܡ

ľ˷ñܣ֣µĵͷʮ֤񣡡

Ͼ챻СӶˣɵ㣬¶֤ݺòúܣֻǰ̤ʵˣñ˵л

ҪȻ׸ҲڵͰС¥ȥΪԽȺ죬Ҳʹ˺һ˼

֮ǰСһھȫˣҲΪ˽һڹ֤ݣǾϾ춼û뵽ϸϸһֲ˲¶

ⰸСˣ̾һҲǣǺαء

ϸ̾ţȴ˷ܵúܣŵĴӣɶǰ׻Ĺ



һߣ׷ǿοŮӼ䣬ְʵǽŻŮɴЦԺûȤչȱľ˼ϸܴŮͬ־ˡ

᰺ٺЦõҲۣǸ뵱ʦϾкء

ʦҲ׷ЦʾأԺǲ׼ң

ͷ˼ЦдֻҵమöѣԺӦûǻơ

Ҳ׷ֵͷڵڽ裬ƵĻ᲻٣ҺŮԣ㹤֮࣬ɲҪǶдƪС˵Ŷ

׷ֻ뾮Լ־ǩ˵Լرϲ³һƪǲ֪ʲôʱܿС˵һƪʵڲ

Ц

ôоԼͻȻһ̫ǵĶߣŴ߸֡

ӹֳʱ򣬰ø첲ƾüŪ۵Цڿǲˣ˼ҹֳ˵֣˵أǳ׳ˣ

Σ˼ֻǿô͵ˣʲôãʵݡ

ôûˣҪ˼ʶ㣬˵ڻڱǸŮ˶أ˵

Ϊ˼ǿҵӰҡҡͷҪŮϹҥʳ׸ֻ治һ¡

Ͱ᰸Ǽ£˵ѰµûغС˵ֻһͨĳͻҪǸһ첻µز»µ̬˵˽ˡ

ҲνŮԼںԼŮǰ;ĸʲô

˵ҾÿѧҲƺֱ׸ֳĸסˣŮ쿴ȥ˧ر磡

׷ʮͷǾ񾢱ȶʮҲ̷Բһ׺ͣɻ¶ðžǿɵϢһλ쵼

㵽뿼ĸ԰ᰱȥֻúЦ

˼˰ΣһرʵʵĴ𰸣ʵĸͦã㶼ûҲûϵֻҪдѧϾС

̲סЦο϶ѧϡ

ָ˵ʦѧԺ¼ȡһѧУһ㣬ҲкܲѧУڵĳɼȫųһ塣

ĹԺУ̫˽⣬ܹҪһЩƽȥҲиѵǰֺãӦһܴļӷ

һҪѵήˣԥ˵ǻѡʦɣȦСʱֱܵˣɲһء

ŰСʱİͷ⺢ֻʣһͷžͲվš

ŮʱҲʾרҵ⡣

ǰⶼ붼飬Ϊְ࣬ЩҲûôңԶˡ

ֺܿʹ˳ȥ˵˵ѧ£һְŮҲˡ

Ҳûְ;ģ˼䣬Ȼ˵Ⱥ˶أʵ뷨Լ˵塣

ڣû˸ҵ˵ְĻˣ۰Ͱ͵ְʲôʱλÿճء

һȺ˵֣и˴Ÿмһ˵Ů¥¥¡

ǸסߣŮ

߶ûסֵĻȻһصͷǰɣҪҪҽнð

ע̬ȣɫһ壬Ǹģ

ˣʲô˵ģ벻ѧ£粻ˡ

Ǳ軵ˣ̾Լȥ޹ܴ˵˼䣬ҲΪļҳݣҲΪϵһ̣޹ܴԥһᣬǵͷȥˡ

ߣºúõǸȡ¾ˡŲ鲻ԸŮ¥

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ĸŮ治ʡĵģԶסǸСѸ֪ʶȤ

ֻϧǹְԱܱ˽µǰ̣ҪȻùأ

Ȼôţһߵڵ¥¥ϣѾ¶ʮȸı飬̾ɵӣ۾ͺǸǧˡ

ǸӲģѵĳ˵ʵ˲٣û¶Ǹӡ

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һŮͬѧʾסļң

ŮŮһۣŬŬ죺Ǽǡ

һ㶣Ǳڿ𣿡

ɣҲǵûְģһء

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ſڴ߶ˣȴֻܰһŮ˵˶

棬˵˾Ǿ˵

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˼䣬Ůɲ˵һĸ߲

ôˣǸ꼶һҲûʲô˲ġ㻹Ǹģ

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ϿȻͣʵϺһ·ˣ̶ֻѡ

ʱԸУϤԤרҵԺչǰʱڶνĸ߲˸ġ

ĸ߲ʱҲǸСѣܲڱȾЩ쵼ѶԸ

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Ȼ湦Ҫġ

ͷ˵֣ҲûżȥǵɢòˣЦݿ׵߹ȥʣǾͬѧ𣿡

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Ӵ˵ǸôˣԱ߰һ

ϵЦ˿Ӱ죬תᰣλ϶ǰͬѧˣʵǱǸСŮΪܵˡ

ḷ̌һʱͺˣ̬Ҳ˲ͻҲҲû̫ŵ

гЦǸλҪʲôĲûϵģ׵ģҲǱʾеǸ⡣

ְַѹúø˼ҵǸ

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˫˽½ˣȥ˰¾ˣҲɿ

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һۣĪе죬㻹û˵ΪʲôҪ˴ء

Ϊҿ㲻˳۰˭Ǹ߲Ůʦı˾͸ࡣ㻹֮ǰ˵ǡ

ҲΪ˻ûױͷŵıըȻþԼһʲô

㣡ǱԴĺ֮һȻ˾˭ˡ




42  42    ڱ

42 

ϱǰ, ſһ͸磬ݾǷԴǣгĵطȻ, ۾Ȼ١

Ҫͷ־Եıը˾, 治һ

һ, صľҲһӿԺ

֮, ǷԴĽƴ֣Ĺ, Ҳᶨı

ô˵һŮʵֵͦģҲȷΪȱݻԭŮŷԴ࣬ٻЩ˽Ļ潻, ֻˣ㼸ûһ壬ʲô¶Ը, ʲôԸⱳ, ³ҲңԴദֵʱСմ, , ڼ˴˲

֮ܶǸܿҲܿɱرûӣʵΥУԵĹ

ǲǷԴˣҲ, ֱ

صĲ̫ˣѲо뵽ǸֱĵĻ

ǹڹҲסˣһתת, ֺߵԴ˭Ҳʶ

Դࣿˣǰһһأʱ֣ô㵽һȥˡиͬҵŮȻ

ΪԵʣԴѧУﲻСҲǸˣʶ˲١

һǸ˵Ů۾׹¶ң϶ϴˡ

¶ˣԶ׼ԴǸĻ֡

淳͸Ǽһˡ

ǰȻԴ࣬ҲֻʱԼϹֻۣҪ˲Լ˰ѶԷ۲Ϊ

ȲƽϣǼһﾹȻԼŮͷ浱Լˣ

ͱһҶĵùǺҵԭ򣬵ðɣˡ

㻹ǸĹģϳԼӡ

ЦһԹŮΪҧ˲ɿڣ÷Դû취ˣ

֮ǰо仰˵ͦԣǸ߲ʦĸαѧУԺߵˣʱ򲻸״ѲɻҪҵԺ

תͷУ״ȥˣ˵ľǷԴ֧ʹ㣬ϵԼҪúͰһ飬˵汻˼ҵóˣӰԼѧҲͰˣְͬѧҲܴܵӰ졣

Уһ£Ͼ˵ҪĲ֤ˣԲȺ֮ѧУ

ΪǱѾˣͷԴ¹ϵҲ֤Уһֹ˵

Ǹ״Ҳ޿˿Դǰڳ֤ݣȽϷ衣

õģϾͺ͹ֵͬ־ϵͬѧ㾡ܷģҾԲѧУΣشڡУظ֤

Ȼ󣬷ԴͱĪͣѧ˵ΪѧУ̸˼ΪӵӰ졣

̸ʲô˵ģлŮ쾭壡ҿУڱһӱͻ˼ңϼֱӾըˡ

ʲôԴΪ¾飬»Ϊ˵ʲô

Ϊľٱŵ顭˵һ룬ȻֹסĿһ۶ӣģ¶ҿ϶ֵ׵ģٱѧУĲƽΪҼһųȥΪѧУãУôΪй˽ߣҶӸͣأŵҲ˵ȥ

ԭ֮ǰҸУǷٱţĳȥġ

Դһֱ̯ڴϣôôأˣǾ취ҸΰɣҪòƾﶼýҿɲһʱʼɡ

ģҷǽУǸɣϼš

Դļҳŵʱ򣬸УںǸԴǹֱ֣ӿ

УⲢ㿪ѧ˵Դ̸Ҳȷ֤Ϊ֧ʹġ

ǾǱҲ϶Ҫãڿѧı񣬲˵ˣ˭ҽ鲻ãУҲŹԷ

ʱ򣬷Դҹˡ

УĥҪô˵ʱ򣬾һͨ˰ףԭ˵ǷٱȻԼĵģǱΪѧУãѧУɲΪ֮ǨŭӣҪȻҪϸ״

УĬȻΣһ䣺Ƿְľٱţĳȥģ

ϼһͦظûһҶ˵Ǹ;òԾⲻǸ˵ˣ֮ǰ͸ηӦ⣬ôѧУʱŪôһְأⲻϹ

û㺢ӣѹҲϡУ︹һ䣬ϻһƽĵͷ֪ˣηԴͬѧͣѧΪٱŵ£ѧУһŮ̸˺ܶӵӰ졣

̸쾭飬ʲôӰ죡ϼһף˵ˣҪΪҶͣѧˣôҦûͣѧΪ˼ǳҵĹŮ

Уһ㶣Ҧ𣿸ûϵ̸Ķ㣬Ϊǣһ°Ѿؿˡ

У⻰ϼֻ춼ˡ

ؼʲô°֪ԼӵıԣûӸִ¡

ǣҦӷˣ֮ǰԴǼٿǮȫˮȥˣ

ôУ

ϼ뵱Ȼ;ÿ϶ҦǮˣֱӰԼĶӸ˦ˣҲ˲ϼУٱŵˣҪȥԼǮҪ

ԴججˣУɿƽѾԴǱ΢ƫһ㡣

Ҧȴû뵽úſأȴͻȻڿҪǮ

οʦʱӸסˣУ˵ϹϼɸҶ˵˺Ҧͬѧûϵôˣ

УھǺû˰ѷԴúͳȥ˭õӺ㶼뿪ѧУˣܼ¡

ȻҶӷˣ֮ǰҶӸǮ͸ûǣϼ˵ü˶̲ס֡

Ҧ͸ˣԼ֮ǰģô÷Դֻɫء

ҲǸӣУ͵֮ǰǷԴ൥ɧңҴûӦ׷Ҳ˻ȥˣûչ

Դ۹Ĳǲ֪ŪɽկһѾС⣬ѹۣա

ʱҦҲֻԼûɿںͷԴʽȷŮѵĹϵˡ

ɼʹǲСĲȵһʺ͸ˡ

ҶôǮȥˣɿϼɲ˵Ļ

Ҧú磬ЦһԼȥҿûùǮ

µʱ򣬱һͷԴסһҵȻ˵ԴԼ˲ٺºЬ֮ǰ֣ΪǼʲôϵĹء

ϼЦ·ЬܻʲôǮ

ǿɲ̵Ĵ·أ²Ҫüٿ顣Ҳʶ˵

ϼ۾һڣֱιȥ

Ȼ˼ңһڴϿӵĶӣϼűߵľͺݺݵ˹ȥһߴһɥģȻƭѪǮ֪֪ǮʡԼô˶ãôôɱǧĶ

һǺΧڶˡ

ʣʲôأ

׼ȥʡǵĵһκڰ࣬ҡҡͷ˭֪أһ쵽ɹġ

˼죬˵ϼѧУֵ飬ӣԴ˳㻹ʵƭǮȷҪѧˡ

ѧУڱȥ黹ͦá

ҺңȴֻʣһƬƲ

Դ౻ѧͳǧҵҲ׻ˣϼϴǮ˸⣬ϼ֮ǰԼж裬ھжԹޣÿ¥ﶼǼҴ̱ʹ

Դ౻ѧҲˣһʱֻܵҵ

տʼţҲ̲סˣͿʼĸӼ˺ˣһսǿʼһʱ䣬ϼɷԴ֣һ֮ˣҶԸˣÿڳͼѼ֮ܣһֻܰ̾

һӣǱҪʲôӹˡ

Ҿ͸ˡ

Ϊȴû뵽ǣ˽СĲһ

ԭΪֵвɲȴͬʱǸӣһʿ֯Ĵģ͵緷ΪĳЩͨ˵صĴɲһӵĵ⡣

ͿֶΣ⼸ʮ򣬳СܣǮͷŮϣŮˣֱһһŮǸҪСѧˡ

˵£һֱۣ˹ȥ

Ժ󻹲ʵֱ˵֯ԩǼԲˣ

ʱ򻹱ڹ˵׵ԺһľȻȴĲķԴ¡

˵ΪԼļֲϣûҵѺ֤ݣ㻹һ

Ҳֻ˵ʵˡ

һУû˿ϵˡ

ȻԼȶһɶнࡣ

û죬нͻȻһͨ绰ˡ

һ绰ͻȻУ칫ңԳʡίˣѧȥæһҪĹ

УտʼҫһھʹӦˣֱ˶ԷҪ˵֡

ʲôĸУ±Ƶʡ

ˮľ绰ͷظһ顣

ֻһѧУ˵Ҫнһѧĵ˵ˣǸҪĽ׶Σ˼ҿѧǸ

УһӦǻԼѧ

绰ǱߵǺģֻ˵ʡص㹤̣ʵ鷳ˣ뵽˵ˣܹҲ˼죬ͻѾͻ

УֻĪ֪д£û˵еġ

ǱȴѾ죬ҳŵı껹ܷ񣬸ҪǣǱֱ˵ҪУϷˣһ绰Ҫʡί칫ֱӴˡ

УϾڵˣҲֻ˵ԼѧܲܰæҪʵڰﲻϣҲֻʡˡ

ǱˬӦˣ˵ͨŽܵģǽеż̾϶֪

治֪ż̾˭룬ҲµӦʳƷλŹ

ҴˣʡǸȷʵǸ£쵼ܹעҲ֪Ǳôҵˡ¹ȻҲҪǲԸȥҳƵǣаƵһϵģУԾ˵

룺û£ҾȥܰæͰҪǰﲻҲû취

ϾҪŹӣԼһ뵽Ʊأ͵ǻ顣

ҲУУͷϾʡǱ߶עḶ́Ҫ汻ˣ˵Ǳֱӽһ׷أ

һ㶣ʡǵһ׷

Уͷ˵ʡίĽĻһרҷˮϣ

һ״ѧ

ԭɵ̬˲ֺ£ô䵽Լͷ




43  43    

43 

ֻϧУҲ̫, ֻ֪ʡĿ漰ļתãƺĸڿסˣԲԮ

漰, еĴ󹤳, ôҵһѧͷŹļ, ҲԵúܲ

Ȼ, һֵܼ鷳ҪȻҲôͶҽˡ

ʲô, Ҫʡ֪

̬ҲɣҪ׬һרҷȻ⣬׬͵ȥʡһ, Ҳ

պã⼸Ҫȥʡǲμӵһκѧϰһ顣

˵ͬ, ǱԵ÷ǳ, ʹ˽ǵĹȻʡί, ֱŴ浥ȥС

֮ǰ˵ӳ, ڿɺãֱԼȥˡУǱߵıٶȺܲ⡣

νԽһε飬˽ܻ

û, ܱҾ͵ǹˡοУ

ϿûºǾһѣ˵ҲҪȥʡ, պúԼʱ򣬾¸Ӹˡ

þûҵأܹѳˡһ

úΪ飬һϿξͲòȥ죬˵ܺ飬Ҳһ

ӣ㼸仰ܰߣǧҪˡЦ

µϹ˵ֲСӣ

Ȼô˵һεԶţʵҲЩ

ǺһͲһˣΪ㣬ôҪչ˺á

·Ϊģһ֧

ڿæǰæ׼˵ֵе·ߺעٲȻһλдˡ

Ҳ֪ΪʲôֻҪһ㣬ͱˣͲóΪڽϵ棬߾ͺá

ʱͨسȥʡûֱﳵҪתһ˳

¾ϸϸкת·ߺͰΣñˣһ;ʧɢ鷳ˡ

ˣҪڶǮҪһϰ֣Ҳи飬Ȼҹھ·ڲ˸ͷʮԪĴŽᡣ

Լ±ֻ׼ģǾȥӲҲ˶ʮǮȥ

ֲʲôǮöҲ˷ѣ»Ц㲻˵ʡο϶Ҫһġ

㣬ôҪǮˣ趼˵ˣҪˣҲøԼ׼ױˡ

ûӰ£µֺˣأü

ǲǶü˰ɡЦżҽ㡣

û뵽һ֣Цݾ

ϱͲģһıô۸ˣ鷳ȥ

ǲǣæסõ֣ûʲôǡ

ǸһĽˣҪ

㣬Ǹʲô뷨ʡ

һʱҲò⡣

飬Ȼ취ҲȥǾһ᲻üˣڻûö⣬һӡ

һôԼ˹ˣ

Ǹܴͳˣڼ𾴳ãڻҲһһ벻

Ҳûϱ飬ڵľ²ŰԼ޳ȥ

ô˵Ҫ㿼ϴѧ˵˵

ˣһѱס㣬û£㲻޳ȥҲ׬Ǯϡ

СѾͷ⻰ҪǱָˡЦ

ɿס죬Ҳ龫ֵһЦЦЦţֱӹ㻳˽СƵġ

ڶһϣȥسǣȥа͡

ﵽﻨͷﵽʡǣĸСʱ

ڸȥʡǵһ೵һ

ʱ䣬ǵʡǶˣȻ˵ӣﻹЩ顣

û£ο㣬ʱסдҲнܺ

ʱдסģҪλĽŻ߹

ȻֻҪǮͲܲʵҲУǶ벻̫ȫʺŮȥס

˺ߵǸ㣬һɽװŰͷʮĺơ

ںͷ˽죬ʣѾͷȥʡ˼һҹ

һۣݣӡ

㡰Ŷһ˵ˡ

һۣĬĻ֡

ǹⱵСŮˣ˷ϲĶ˳ŵʱ򣬼ǧһҪСĻӦţҪİߣҪİ˸Ķ

ֵһᣬɢɢ˼ˣͳˣ˾ŲĿ˳

ʱ򣬺ǴֿʼһŮ˴

Ǹĸˣһ˱񣬻һһҵĺӣʮࡣ

ΪϿ̫ǵԵʣС̲סḾ˺˰ҲûЧĳĸôСӺ˯

庢ӵķȻЧһֹˡ

ḾɿҲʱ֣Ȼ긾Ůд˵

ḾȥʡԼ˵ģƺǵһγԶţԼ˵ĵλ˵壬ֻһ绰롣

긾ŮҡͷλĶ֪Ҫûҵô죿ϵģͺͺһ˯ϣ

Ḿһ㶣û뵽һ⡣

ЦҪŵù㣬Ͱһõдͺסģһ˾ȥҲü

Ḿ˹Ȼ¶ʮָмģ

¿̸̲סü˵ǿһãסˡ

ô˲̫ԾСö˵

Ҳãٹ۲۲죿Ҳش

ǺҲûʲôֵ̫ĶԻֻǲԼ̫ˡ

ͳҡҡλεʡǵʱѾˡ

ʵĹʮʡһֻ˯ľޣ׺ǵĵƻԶûкҹǹѤԻ͵ɣȴȻԵԶһмʷĹųǡ

˸ͷֻԼͷˡ

ҲǲСĽıȵµòˣǣõ֣ߡ

ʱ򣬾ʶĿһ

ǸٳŵḾˣһһƬģȻˣǴһȰȻıźӣ׼˼ߡ

˳֡

Ҳ˲Żſһãʣô죿

ܲ˸߰ɣ˵

϶ܣһ˷أһȻԴźӵĸ˵һ£ŸӲ㣬ǵҲصģҪʣӦúܿҵɷ򡣡

ߵĴʱˣӴΪԼ쵼ˣĸλģ˵ʡǵؽĸʶ

ҲȾǿڣתͷֶḾ˵⣬İ˿һҪСЩ˵޹յɽȥ˷أ

⻰Ḿ˶ʱŵһºӣǵҲֽ䱸

֮£˳˾ߵĶһۣҲû˵ʲôͰѳŸˡ

ӵŮɲѾȱߣٵȽǵ˹˵

ôһᣬǰͷѾˣɫվҲûʣ¼ˣҲеĻš

Ӳ긾Ůֱʱ˲˹ģҲ°ѱźӵŮ˻С˵ߣҾ̫Ծ

ŮƺڷӦµıźӣЩʴӡ

ʱİΧžͲࡣ

Ů˷ȸ״㿴㿴СѾͷһͲǺˣ϶ǰѹӸˣ

˵ŻŮźһߣǼİҲž·˸

վ˱ͲˣȺһµģһʱҲֲðıߡ

ʱһ߸ߴ˳˹ʣڸʲô

һ˻Ǹˣɿ˵Щǹӣ챨

ǹӣŮ˶Ծһڣַɿ쿴һǸߴˣ뿪ĲˣֻӲŮ˺Сһᣬʧںڰ

ǼСҲʱɢˡ

´˾һȦһСѾͷӻͦ󣡡

˾ϻҹųɶŹǸĵүӡ

øѣڴߴ챨

ԭֻ߰˷ֻɣʱֱӵ˾ŷ֣ԽȷЩ˲Ǻˡ

һǷֹ˵ģһƬͷ϶죬˵վΧʶǵأ˵

ʱû죬ϸϸοܾĸ˺ĺӡ

ųɶҲþ˵еͷɣҴ绰ѣþǹֵġ

Ȼͽվ칫ҵĵ绰С绰˸绰ȥ

һͿˡ

ḾԭЩŲ֪룬ȵˣڳ׻ع񣬾δıźл

ҡҡͷлǳģܲ¡

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źӵĸˣ¾ųɶһȥ¼ǱҲŸϵɷ

ûãһžװ˳һѱסԼӺͺӡ

Ḿ̲ס˳ֻ˺һᣬųҭúųɶл

һĻȻôھֵֶ»һ̲ס¶Ц

뿪ֵʱ򣬴̶ˣֻо¥ǵĵƹ⣬ŻƵ·ơ

ԲһʡǾ͸鷳ˡŵڻ˼Ķųɶ˵

С£ųɶǸصģ˵һ˻Ұǵ鷳ҪүҲһҪ㣬ǰú˵˵

ô£

²ǿ϶˰ɣȴҸصĵعӣúóһ˵ųɶɫ˵

Ȼ߹հ䣬һŵĲӬӡ

ɱطۣʡǣϰվųɶһ´ĴָȻƿţߺȵϰ壬ˣ




44  44    

44 

ߺ, ĵϰ·̽ͷһۣ˸, , ȥҡ

ѽ, ųɶƤЦ, ϼã³, ɱҵ

ϰ˻ȥһŴ·߳Сһۣͻ˵㣺ǻûԷģѾϨ, һ˳뵰вУ

УȻСųɶͷͷ˵ѵľ, ƽʱײģ

ԡϰַ˸, ˺

ӬСȴǸɸɾ, мĵط, ûам仹ŸɰСϷż״ɱ

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ҡҡͷ

ʡ׼ӹһߣ˵ûУųɶʡ

Ȼҡͷ, ֻһѧȷʵûйעһš

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˵ҲˣųɶЦҼͷǰһӱȥʲôҵĿĹأĿˣƫƫͶ࣬ڱǰһ죬ⲻͱ˵ˡ

ֺһڲ裺Ҫ˵ⱾҲûʲô쵼ľȥݷõʱ˳֣Բ˵쵼ȻдС˵һͦϲ

ôûס

ⲻǲͶҽ֪쵼вŻˣԲȰһȰҲʲôѹ֮ǰ쵼ҹһȦˣ˭ȰҲûãųɶЦҡҡͷ͵ݷøǰǣģֻкôûлġ

ڰģͷֺרҷô¡

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εͷųɶЦøˡ

ԭʡ׼ʽһߣڳֹ51%49%Է豸ṩغ͹ˣȻҪг

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λ쵼ȻѾܾòˣǺСʡŶ꣬ʡί˶ľԷԣû˸ӵġ

һʱ䣬ĿôҲûʡ˴׼͵ժȥġ

ͺһųɶʵҲ벻ͨ쵼ʲô÷Եġ

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쵼ԼҲû˵ʡ

ûУųɶҡͷ˼Ƣ˵˾ֱʱ˭˵ʲôѽ

Ҳڲ£ΪǼ쵼Ҳ뽨žŲԸⱻϲɡųɶ˵

ȴЦҿѽ쵼Уǵ۹ⶼȲ

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֪֪㲿ƸͲһ£

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Сʶ֮ʿҲͨȽʵ㲿Լһȫ׵·*

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ΪǶʮ󣬿Ȼࡣ

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ʳ϶˳Ͷ뽨ˣƷȫСҲɹ˵һβҵƾһ㣬ȷ쵼ʵԵҲûô

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۹Լɴ򣬽ƿվ۹ֻԶԶˮһǸ;

ֻϧȻϣ׵ȲǸʱˡ

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Ȼʵûл2030꣬ǾǶδ踺صüʱ

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ʱļҼҶͨ˵·ɽĺҲܶˣҶˣЦʡ

ģ˵ҵĲִȫԺöأѧһܳˮι˵Ķӡ

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ڹҲǴɻ·ŻǸСƷǵļǰУܵȥ׬˵Ǯأ˵

ǸͷʣأǹԸû

Ȼܣ˵ԼƣԴǵļǰأ

ǾͺǾͺã˹ЦָžС𣬻˼ҿģ⼸ҲСѾͷ˵ġ

Ժ˵ĻҪá˵

ȥʱ򾿾ʲôģֿ̾ҲãӦ֧ʡʽߣ




45  45    ֵ

45 

һʳ, ˲Ͱ

ųɶŵһĭ

СԼС⹫סڴԺ, ǿҲ쵼ǰ, ôʹûôɫԴء

ΪžͻȰүӸı, û뵽, Ȼ˵ҾԵʵе

˵۾ʱֱֱĿ

С, ôͻȻͽˣ

үüô˵

ﻹͦ裬ϾҲǵһαôίȰˣһⶼίϲ·վԼһߣʹһ鵱꿪صĲ, Ȼϸĳɾͣһ䣺ǲôҪδ, ¸ӵȽ

û뵽С￴Ũü, ҲǸƻġ

ɾ·ƣֱ˵Ҿ, ν, Ǹα⣬ҵǸи߶ԵĲҵǵ㲿ʵΪƷƵƺ, ڵҵܳɥʧ*

ү¶ɫС˵

ԱѾ˿ʼסֻȥɴųɶ

ųɶֱð, ԼҪСѾͷӲˡ

ûרİѺܽԼܿĶһԵ˳ǹҴ˿ڶ࣬ҵֲ죬Թĳ˵һ⣬ֱӰϣõ֣Ҳ˼Ըż豸Ͷʵԭ򡣡

ү΢΢۾ͷ

˵⵱ȻҲǻ£Ṥҵôɵģ豸öһгȻһ׳ĹҵϵͨѧϰΪԼĶܷڵȥ㡣

үۣһۡ

ҵһҲүӣһӹҵҵܲ㲿ܲƳһ̨ѹһ£ǻüܲܰЩתصĲƷҲͬһ£ں·һߵڣ²ֻ㲿ӹóȥ˵ԺĹҲȫӰ

λүĬ죬͵һĴȣмң

֮ǰģģʶ⣬ǵײ羮׵߿ֱ͸

ϾܽȥľѵܱԤδ

үȽкã˽֮࣬Ѿ׷ײͷϵ麹

군ˣʡĿ²Ҫ׻ˡ

СѾͷ˭ģ

ŹǺ޲һֻӴǽֱȥ

Ҳ˵ĿѹүӼʡ

ҲǣǺߣƲǰͷ㿪ʼȷʵǺӮЩû뵽·ת꣬תͷָĿͶһ޳Ʊ

ⲻǰìˣүü

ģ²ڷԼҲζֻܰ˼ҵ뷨ߡ˵

þӦôү׷ʵ

û뵽ͻȻˣҿɾͲ֪ˣѾڳˣҪҪʣôʣôѧϰ⾭ǰ±Լз쵼飬һѧҲ

Ϊļָ㽭ɽУһʵھĲϣǾȫץϹˡ

Щḻǰҵõ·

ĻүӲɵùЦָյСѾͷ龫ֵģ

ɵЦ

ˣ˼ˣүӵͷȻתԼ飬֮ǰС²˵ˣ˭Ҫ˵ңͽ˼һ׷ӵģѾͷͰˣͷӿܸ֤ģ

۾һ¶ΪѵЦǲǳ²˵ˣλѧֲڵˣôֱӾ͸һ׷ӳȥ

үӺܲˬһǾ˵˵ˮƽһѧҲ˵óڣ

̲סˡ

ԼСȥҪȥүƺķ±ùִСͬѧģ׷ӱ֤ٲģ

Ҳֲ´Цõģллүү

үԺųɶǴͷŶð麹ҵĹӴǲ㱻ˡ

ʼ磺˵ˣ¶Ѱ졣

аɣųɶεͷֻ˵£ĿǰָҪæˣҲ֪Ǹ㻹Ǹм㡣

̸һ£ϵ¹ƶòһת

ڷ⣬ܱԺپЩɡʵҲ֪Լⷬĸı䡣

˵׼ǲӺ͸ı䡣

ǲôԼͺá

һɵĻصݣҲñˣ˵ǺѧУʡǴѧϿΣʦҲʡǴѧʦصذѧסȻֻж̶ʮ죬ҲԼڵһشѧϲ

ųɶһŽ͵ѧУ¾ͼææˣû£ҲˣʱҺһϿΣ㵣ġ

㣬ֲĵĿһųɶתã¿æԼܻܲȥҪɴʡǶ죬ʱһȥ

Ͼһߡ

ҵһɣ˵߷Ҫ죬Ƿһ׷ء

ʵҲָ׷ӣ˭˼ǰŵˣܲ˵㻰ɡ

ӣʲôӣ¾ȵʣֺȻ֮ǰϵĻܵġ

˭Լô˵ģû£Ц

ҲǲԸæͦЩǰƺ󹧵̬ģܶһһѡ

ǿǽߵѧ˼ҿˣǾԲɵ󷽵ġ

û취Сۡ

Ȼû֮ǰϵѧУ˵˹һеЦȻдµˣˮƽǲһǶȰүӣ汻˵ˡ

ЦЦ

ѵʡǰɣҰŵλһͬ־ȥ䣬˳Ʒ˼˵

ãʡͦģ˵⼸ŸæǰæģҲֱӰ˸°ɡƤЦⲻЦģ

ǹˣͬ־ǲ©ȱһԴǺƢЦ쵼ͷǶҪлģԱ˵㣬дܵĵط¡

û£ǴӦķأŲףʵ

ϵЦڹҲסˣרҷб׼ģҲͳȥ

ָӦֱӷˡ

Ѿˣͬѧܲܺһģʱһ͵ͻȻ˽

˻ͷһȵôҲˣ

ҲһûָŷˣǹԴһ£ôͻȻðһˣҪһ׷أ

ѭȥλǸʮӢŵ꣬Źڲ̫Ļɫ£СƤЬ˵ǸʮԱĴʣ񻪶ϵľӢ

ΣĬ衣;֣ձѾ۾Ϲˡ

þûпôӢˡ

ãȦķʢƤĳһ˸˲١

Ҳֻǿסѡ

ȴѾææǣȻŵģǿ϶ûˣ˼ҵλ£һġ

Ȼ͸ƨɺͷŻһˡ

ĪһһȥĬ裬ֻһˣý΢תĿ⡣

ĬƺСЦ΢΢ͬѧҸо۹ͬѰϸĶҵδԤ⡣

˳ʵ̫ãȴ˾ʮ־裬ҡҡͷ֪֮ǰѾ˵ˣģҲֻҲ¶ѡ

ƻС˵óԤδͬѧҲ⣬λñӣֻǲ̫ףΪʲôͬѧԺ˽ģǲǻʲôĹǡ

Ҹ˵֮ǰ˵˰ĪĿүӲǶӦ

ĬЦīڵͫǣƵġ

˵ˣҲΪ⣬ֻ˵׷ʱ԰ͬѧʲôʱʱ䡣

㻹һ׷Ӱ¾˼ˡ

ӦҪġĬ軹ǸƢģ

ȴܾɲ⣬ðһΣϢȻҲܵΪ˼ҵֵ̫۵Եʡ

һ׽ѧϡ

Ҿãҵۺ̫ߣҲǲ֮һ˵

һʱ϶þ˵뻰ˣ˭׬Ǯ̫డ

ĬȻǴˣɿ췴ӦǵĹɣʧ

ɡĵͷҲϹµģ˵¡

µúеĬĴ͸ϺҰƵġ

񿴵þܲٲԸ˵ˡ

Ϳ͵˼ĬҲǺƢ˵ϣ´λͬѧĸ߼ˣϾҲ㣬ԾͬѧͶ۹Ҳء

˵껰˾ͺˬĸˣʱһͻȻ

Ͼţ˰˭

ˣƱǸղصˣ




46  46    ·

46 

ųɶ˵Ĭ, Ҳһ

޼ϾȷʵѣСӲ죬Ǽһﱾ󲿷Ҳ治һȥ, СǸˡ

үӵֶ, ڴԺʱ, ˵ǰշſʱͳѧ, Ż˵Ǵģģ, ǸŮӵϲˣųɶ˾һۣСʱرŮӣҲϡ档

ֻϧĬĳ͸ûʲôȤ, ʣعԺʲô

֪ųɶҡͷ˵һӻҪȥ, Ǵһ˽, ˣص, Ҳͷǣߴŵ, ˱ʵ죬Ҳ֪з˶˽

⻰˵ÿйġ

ôϲĬ裬̲סЦЩ˳ǰ, ˳Ҳһˡ

ǸǶҹɣųɶĶüղҰҪȥˣ칫Ⱥ, ˵úܡ

ЦллˣǸĬͷӹġ

Ӵͦ󣬽δֱһ׷ųɶֿʼ

ʲôѽһүӵֱʣһ֪ôл˼ء

ųɶͷүǸˣӦĶŪˡ

еΪѣ˼󷽸ˣҷ˼ӡ

û£ųɶһӣʡǲżרҴģǱߵķӽԺͿ˲٣ס˲֪αרҽȥһôˣǵˮƽɸ߶ˡ

Ȼ˼Цųɶ֣ˣʵˣСѾͷ湻ģҶûʡأôͣǰѼҵðˡ

ε˵ʲôʱӹ̤ʵҹζֶ࣬һ䣬ʱһȥεĹ۶࣬Сı˼ҵĵˡ

İɣһͨѧʲôֵ˼ƵģЦ⼸鷳ˡ

ˣٿˣ˭ءųɶһڣɵúܡ

ųɶȷʵǸֵһѡ

ڵˣֻΪ汲ԭеϵͷӴҲΣֵиѡ

ˣҲæǰæ󣬺ѡ

Ҫǿųɶøʡǵʱ˵ҪץϹһܱǹӸóˣҲֲ˺á

УҾˡӵҲܸɴࡣ

ųɶ˼ɵЦ

ҲųɶžһȥģĬ赹û棬үӵ飬һдĲ鲻Ըˡ

үӵ黹˼ң˭˾ϹŵºˣǿҽķӸٷһˡ

˭˵أЩ˶˺üˣʱ򻹲֪ôأ˭˭֣һʺͿˡ˳üĿһ۾

Ų׿ƣȻ΢Цû£·ˡ

ѹүӶ˵СѾͷġ

ʱ򷿵زгСҲ򵥣߻ߵذ죬һ׷ӵ֣ܹҲͻûӡ

оȵǣԭΪרҷǲȨеĸõ֣Ժ鷳û뵽׷ȴ˽вȨֱӾת£òˡ

ԣѾʡзӵˣ

ŷеá

ϱӣʡǵķѾǳĴڣĻеķӶû׼򣬼ʦȻסѧУĽʦ

˭뵽һأô춼зһء

ºͺӲ¿Σͱųɶȥ˵ȥ·ӡ

ʡˣΪ죬ôꡣ

һ·Сȥ˵ºͺӣˡ

ߵĻǺá

ڻûƤʱ򣬵רҷֱڽõλΧһȦ˵ԱĶǹĻ԰ʽ¥֮Զ̻׻Ҳ󣬻ΪֱܽЩһһС˼֮ᡣ

Ҳѹ仧ʱ˻ôˡ

ҲǴëˮ綼ѾߺˣǽҲ򵥷ˢҪǲģֱ˼Ҿ߾ס

˷ܵڿĿתȦҲ̲סߵ̨ϣŲԶԵĽ̾ķ羰Ư

׷¥߲һֻĿ

ųɶöЩˡ

ϴ꣬һǮҲ𷿣ɾǾôһǮһɾܷһҪǱɷӷʵڲֵ̫

ˣҹ¼ҹ˵ģҲûҪ򷿡ųɶ̾ˣ˵ˣһƬķ̫ãš

Ȱ𷿼ǻҪüأǱҪʱҲȷʵ

ֻǽųɶ⻹ǽ㣬ǧΥ£ҪȻҿɲȥ

͸ϴˣʱǺݺץһӣȫǴϴеġ

ųɶֵүںڰ׵ı߽ϣһСľͿ鷳

ģųɶˬʵЦⶼģҪ泶Υ˵ԼԼأҰҲܰһ



귿ӻصݣ֮ǰվǶԷޣҲźʽŸлˡ

ϴڹԷ޶δģؼһ˸˵ĵλѧУĸлţҲŶúõлСһأϾҪã˵Ҫˡ

ɷ˵ڱܵλ˱Ǹ˹ĵˡӽģҲľ㣬ﱧźӣûЩɬ˼

ҪĳӺӻ治֪ʲôɷµ

ǳģ˴ӦһҲӦõģЦû¾ͺá

ƽʱ̫ţ⻹ǵһһ˳ţǡ˵Ҳģ쳣͡

Ӷˣܱ𣿡¿ĸ׻۵ı̲סʡ

Ȼ⺢еɵ

Ǿ²Ŷ£С޾ֿûС죬źһĸ첲ƺҲ֪ǰƯԼľˡ

Ȼ󣬾»ûأСľ˸ɶӣҲ˼ҵĸС̡

Сһ˵ѾˣѽѽҽУϲòС

ֿ޾ͺµˣҲ̲סСһһ

ҽϵʽǿͷŸףȵ׼뿪ʱСץžµ֣ѽѽ˺һᣬֻϧ˭˵ʲô

뿪°»ЩȻʧ

һ뵽κڰ಼ĹΣǵȻ˲ɢһɶˡ

Ӣﺯڰ࣬ÿʡＯϿΣÿʮ죬ʱڼԼѧϰ᲼ôҵ

µĻôã׽һشѧҲ˷λᡣ

˵ˣôܹҲܱ̫Զ

⼸û£ɴųɶ˹ϵסʡǴѧддڴѧɽɽϣˮϪҲ٣ʮְ

ȥϿΣͽѧѧ֤ͼݿ飬żܲ伸ڸȤĿңüֱɶ

ڿһȼص飬ȻԱѧΪ̵Ĵ߼ֱԱԤŰ

ԱҲһ䣬ãΪ¿˲ص飬ϱҲΪ򳵣оһĲ˳־ͰԼ֪дߵʱݸȻѹڳѧⱾҵϡ

˵껰Ȼȥ

ƺΰʡǴѧеƶרҵоΪʡ׼ߺ±ǵĽץ׳ÿڸֲｹͷöĴ

Ϊͷͺʱ򣬺Ȼһ쳣Ưѧõݹһ飬˵ġ

˷һ´ź֪ҳȴȵĿѧµСֽֽдģһü춼޷ȷĲ

ֻϧٳŵʱǸƯѧѾʧӰˡ

ǰûĸʦͬ顣

ΰɵҡͷ

ƵоԺôӣӦöѲǱƵѧã

ΰȻҡͷʾԼʲô֪

ˣȽȥ˵ƯѧԺҲܼСء롣

ֻϧʡǴѧѧŮѧȴȻѰ٣ֻ˸Ƶġ

ºͺӵĺڿγ̽Ҳ׼뿪ʡˡ

֮ǰȥ˽°ݷһүӣүã˵˺һĻ뿪ʱĬ裬û˵ֻǵͷ͵кˡ

׼뿪죬ųɶǱִϢ˵˾ĸվڳɹƣץɷ˳һѵ㣬վլֽȳӺһŮǵķƻȺüѾٱļͥ

СѾͷаԣ¶ܱû˵׼ӹıðɣ˵ʡΪȽҲǽõķءųɶҡͷ̾

ǸҲεĻ˴󹦣Ʋùþһ

õľµν˱˳Ծøˡ

ǺִСҾ죬ˣ

˶Ц




47  47    

47 

ͺӻس, ѧУ

Ȼ뿪˼죬ְ໹ϸ֮ǰƶĹ滮ߣûʲôӰ졣

Ǽ, Ҿ͸Ĺһ, ;÷

УеοһȦ, ûʲô, ΪȥʡתһȦͻ˶ѡ

ǵ죬ѧУյʡı, ﾮΪΪͬʱƻһҪȱý

żĹĻٿǮĽ

У

ǳȥôȥưˣ

ô, 磬ѧУĴȾ̵ѾķṦΰµѧУ֪ˡ

ǱҲ, ΪΪ, ﻹཱһٿǮʱ򣬹ڱŮְ¶ͽԮĸӻ˴ʽĹ, Ѿȫ¶֪ˡ

ɰѾ¸˸Ǻ

ó, תҲڱճ̡

ʽεúܣһתҪôȵĸóҪôǳ, ԭ

羮£Ϊ˺ڰ࣬ټϼΪôת

˵תѾͨ, Ҿ͸һ֣Цﴫ˳ȥñǱȻڳƲķҸˡ

ޣʲô⣡ϼһĭعš

תͷֿԼ̯ڴһɸǻðɣûϢģúóȥڼʲôָһӣ

Դķ˸û衣

ϧϼưոݼ

ˣһʲôƨأҪϹдٱţܱѧ

ӻϼˣؾٱʲô£ҸŮϵ˽ϵСƦӣԼûϢﶼˡ

ϼԽ˵Խģһƨڵϣ

Դֻòʤ䷳һţ˳ȥ

·С꣬ҲֲԸʱģҪҪһˣˣ

Դ֪ЩˣʲôȻưͱЩţجج

ʱ򣬳Ҳھ¥ǻ

ȵ¥ææ³˾һ

˵׼ˣµĵһ仰Ȼ

ֵĿһۣôˣ

ɤӣҺͬ㱻飬ģ˺ܴȣֻҪ㰲ĸźţҾԲƽǰġ

һʣвɡ

Ͷ̸鳧˶֪ɲÿƽϵģ˵ⱲӶ޲ȥˡڳ¡

Ҳ죬Ͼʽˣʡıã㹻ǰ粻ĻӰ죬㹻ϳΪԼˡ

ֻϧŮͬ־Ȼ˿֪ôЦһ񾭲ɣ

תˡ

Ȼá

ûǸЬ¾ȻҾܾԼ

ǸСǳˣƫƫεľܾض¶ĳʧ㸾ŮˣȻ񾭲

ζܲˡ

ģһҪ֪ôŮԼʲô



ʡ׷ӣһʱòϣ־ÿϧˣ׼ؼҺ͸ĸһҪҪȥ

ŮԼʡ׬һ׷ӣϷ˰ҲֻҡͷԼģôŪôŪ£Ҳ

ĸΨһǣԼСŮôԺһʲôŮѽ

νֻ˵Ժж︣ǳײòˡ

Ҳٲʲôġ

ҲͷУҪȰעš

ϣȻϲģŮҪתˣСŮҲгϢһкñͷû뵽ڶ죬ͳˡ

һ磬Ӿ¥º£˵ڳĴֱҪȥ

¼ææ¥Ҳһµڽͷš

С㳡鹫壬ԭЩ֪ͨнıֽҲ֪˭͵͵һĴֱҸŮϵ粻ûʸóת

ϵʱŴֱѾ˺һһҪֱվţ޵ϻվ˲ٿֵ۵ġ

˳ּŴֱһֽϰֽдһţȫǸԻ죬žͽŭͷ

ֶϿ˺ˣĸҲںͷ

ȴҡͷ֤ݣҲò龿˭ɵġ

˵ŻѾŴֱקſĽ㣬ַŭ

ĸûľȻҼҹŮҷֱȥɡĸ§ס޵ĴŮ۵Ҳ

ʱ򣬶ϢҲææˣڿޣԱ߻վĸף˹ס¡

ǰ˻ΪìܣʱĻ˵ǵ㼦ëƤС¡

һۣͻԸĸ˵Ȼȥúһ¸ô졣

ʱ˶ŵòˣСľ˵Ĺǡ

صңһԵĳĬֻоµĳ

ȱޣ˭ûС

ӣϺһܵ˭϶Ǳ˼

ĸҲ֪ĸɱǧľȻֶ£Ժ϶û

£˰ʵ˵û˭ʵ벻˻ôҵġ

ֱһ˵飬ڳǾһСԺͳ׳ˡ

֮ҵǸͷ¶βļһʣ϶ɢԵİ취

ֻϧúСģһȦܱߵˣҲû˿ʲô

һƲ䣬һӣɴֱӱɡ

ĸͰ͵ʣЩ£

ôܣ̰Ҫ̵ġ˵

ִܹ鲻ĸԥǳˣǸ˺úý;ˡ

£㣬أ

ҡҡͷҲ˵öԻǸĸ׵ġ

û뵽ʱҲֱ֣ӽɣֻҪ޸ң˭Ҷ˵ʲô

ڱ϶ôסˡ

ƫƫ㱻жòУֱӵͷˡ

ʱѹҡҡͷУϾҪȥˣӰ첻á

ȴץžµ֣û£Ҳ˾ǣҲ᲻뿪ˣ㣡

ҪǲԸⵢԷǰ̣˵˵ȥλˡ

뷭ˡ

һʱȸãڵ֮ؽ

תָ˶ţĵĻ˽ⷢӣ˽εĻᡣ

ʱš

ȥţͷȻҦ

ŵǾǧԵһͷһ˵˵£ҪҪæ

һ㶣뵽Ҧ𱳺ҦһԾŶ۾һҦ𣿡

Ҧû뵽ôֱ˵ǹһ£˵ģҰӬӪ飬˵ˣϵģָյ˼ΪĽôȡתָꡣ

⻰һ˶һ

µҲڽֽĺͶһ

Ҧŵʱ򣬺ܳϿҵĸһл

лҰǳֱβҦϵı黹ǽģ˰ɣ

ְʱ򣬾Լ϶ҪˢȥǾûǰĶԹҦȻ˵ʵܾԼһǷһ顣

ҦСɴͲϲǷ˵ġ

Цţˡ

ҦĵͷģҰһᶢţûӰ죬ҲǸ˸

˵껰ˣֻһıӰ

صңĸĸǱƣҦŮôͻȻǼң侮ʯİɣ

Ȼ֪ԴҦѾ׳ɲˣŮ֮ĶԹѾˣĿô򵥾ͻģ

ǣæģҡҡͷҲ̫ģֱܿܲǼһ﾿˭ˡ

Ҫ¾Ĳ飬Լ׶ˡ

ҦǸŮأ˵ԼŮʦԺҦܲܿϴѧָʱ򣬳װµ˴

¾һ棬ԭһȦû£ͱװס

ֱõİֽǴӳõģīˮҲһְֽõ٣Ǹϲôŵĺɫɫֽ

һϸʣΨһֽīˮֻгϴĳΪëдûУżдҪȥ

ǰдĶһԱȣֱֱͷˡ

ô󱻴˳ȻʵǸر˵ˣӵһʣ͹ԹʲôˣҲԼΪ׷²ɣŹҥ

Ǹҥ˾Ȼλ۾Ǿ¶һ

ǾùŹ֣ϱӿִ˻ģôһأȻɸ󰮲ɵˣ

Ǻ²ѣ;˲̫ʱһϸ룬ÿֲ

֮ǰ˵дĴֱǷ˷̰ֻҪ׷ǿԴģĹҲʮа˾űסˡ

û뵽ڶ죬飬ڳǰ޵úأܵǰ˵ԼĶ᲻£ϣĹԼһأԺ֤Ҳ˵ˡ

һʮ̫ſ޿ԼǰŹһΣˡ

ϧϱǼŵġ

ǴΪ˳˻飬˵ָıʹ㲻ظҹˣһ·ɫЩЬöڹʱҪ

ʱȻܻ˺ϻ죬ǵһԼδԴ͸ģһʱ嶯޸˳һɱϵһ

һأ̫ſ޵ңҲ㲻

ĸϱӾͺ˽һǶܹȥˣƫƫԷƾʲôҪŹ

Ҫҽ˳ôͲҽأҥԶλҽס㣬ʵ

̫ųҭţҶӲ£̫ϲˣš

ϲޣҽ㱻һϲܷŹˣ

豾Ǹ¶Ѿˣû뵽ȻһݵСѾͷŮŮСѾͷʲôҪҶˣôܻôҲܹҼҶӣǼҲҪģ

Ȼ㼸仰ŵ˼ͳױ¶ˡ

ٸ˵ֻǻͷһ۽㡣

⻰Ҳˣ˼ΪԼ룬ҲŹ

ɲǣ״ȷʱ򶼸ô˵Ҫǩ˵飬Ǹҥˣ

µ̬ȼҦߣ㲻ᾮԼŮǲϵҲܷˣԺܿ죬Ϊ鱻ˡ

֪ʲôʱ뿪ģֻصһ

ѽߵųҲһ

ѧУҵҲһ˳

ְĸϰѾڶˣݾ˵ĸϰһ֣ԽԽ󣬽Ҳ졣

ְѧɽ⺣Ѿսľ޷ָϰѶȣѧѧ

˵ģǵĻ̫̫࣬ʱ򻹲Ը缰ʱҪɵöࡣ

ָǿȴѹ£ѧУ¿Ϊ˴ҷɵĺûᡣ

ڿǰͲû࿴۵ʱҲְֻˣٿ壬Ͼ

һֵʣǶĿԵģ

ʲôõĵģǸְѧҡҡͷƽʱԾˣ¿Ծζ

⻰ǸѧһľȻ

ְܾˣ񶼲̫ӡ




48  48    

48 

УΪ, ܾʲô۶ӳ϶ֲˡ

ֱε¿ɼ

ְϾһ64ˣֱӾռѧ͸ǰ64, й400ֵ, ͳ20, ֱ֮ǰһء

65ǸǰУܿ, ϧְûֵµѧһĲжʮ֡

ʵ̫ˡ

ʦԼĹ˻, Լôã˼Ҽ򵥵ѧء

УͷܷΣɴ뾮칫ҽ

ô㣬Цҡͷ, ְ൱ѡıǿŬ츳ҲѧǰҲ˵, ڻǲĽ׶, Կʹ, ͺôԵˡ

ʵҪ, õǺ˼ʮʱЧַˢ⡣

ʮԺĸУȻ߷ѧȻëǽ츳ֻ׷ƽּ, ϶˳

ֻҪƽּ񣬾ϴѧʸ

̲סп, ȺЧɴˡ

ȻʱˮƽȺĸҲԶˣҪȻҲʮˣһƽֲġ

ѵİ취⣿ҲѧԾȫûôõЧʡ

Ǿþ˽ʲôѧϰľϲ˵ְѧҲԺģֻ˵Լ£ԿԶľˡ

⣬ܳϿҵ˵ְѧرÿ춼Ҫء

ҲôԵģÿԾ

ְһȫԾԾֽʮšܵ˵

֪һЩУɵˣôôꣿ

տʼҲûôţöˣҾҪر򵥵Ŀֱ΢һľдؼУҲǣиµǶȺ˼·С˵

ľô죬ôʦʦʾɣˡ

ʦǾ֣Ҳûడ

ƽʱԾ𰸶ֱӷȥԼԵģÿܻʽһָУҲѧ佻ԾҪǰžԾȥӡӡˢ˴

˵ҲǸĻǾҲ֪ŪôĿ⼸꣬ʦǲҪΪѧϰⷢˡ

ʵҪлḻı༭ȦԼ㲻ļˣֻⲻ˵һ򾡣ʱҵͺϸȫģҲס

ʵϣҲְֻ˵˺ô

ûְĿ⴫һˢ˳߼Ҫģ£ûôס

ѧɼҲ˲٣У͵͵ƽֲ֮ǰҪʮ֡

ҲˣѧУû˸˵ְǷˡָŴ˼ٵõĿء

ְѧǸʮ㣬Եģʽˢ⣬رбͷˡ

ת۾͵ʮ£Ѿˣѧѧ˺ްǽûůǱֱš

쾮ؼú·ʱ򣬺Ȼиر˴չȵĺ׽

˻ͷת˰죬СԸԸתϵĺƱ

֤㣬Ͱߵļգжն٣Էڵ˵

һ㶡

Ʊôֵˣ

ԭʮ·ݵʱ򣬾ǵһҼгʽˣ֮صҲ׷׹ƿţƷҲ֮

ͬʱΪڷеĵһФƱƱļֵҲע⵽֮£ϵĺƱ۸漴ʮֹѾԭİ˷ǮһСţǵһǮһˡ

Ҳ˵̶ʱǧѿǮƱɾͼֵ

ŵİ

ƽľ˼Ҹ߼չ󣬻صң˵˸ĸͽǰҪһ׺Ʊ

ҿɲ˵жٺƱֻ˵֮ǰõòˣ¹һϵʲ;ľģʱԪǸϡأ˼Ҳ˵ƱǵòˣϾϡƱûҪһֱϣǣ

ñǻԼ˵ס

Ͼÿʲôûеʱ򣬾͸Ҵչֲ۵Ʊġ

Ц˵ˣƱҪŸֶֶŮ鷿ġ

Ȼֱ°һۡ

Ǿڻûֵʱ򿩣УҼúšʱͻȻһ䡣

һ㶣Ҳˣ

ЦҹŮ˵ֵǮˣҵȻ˳˼ס

ֻϧûЦ꣬ͱĸŶʣ˵ƱǮǴģǲ͵˽ǮˣƱҲøţ̲סȥǮ

һ꺺ӣ˲ͳ޹ϣҲûۿ

ˣҹҪȥļҳˡ̵͵͵˵

ǵҪҲܸˡ

һʱĿˣδƷؼǶԽҲãⱲӿ϶ϻˡ

ţҸĵͷտʼָǻһ㣬Ƕᣬ취ٵȥǣ˵ˣֻҪѺڰȥĻܴ󡣡

ѾＸˣʱĥϣ˾뻹ǿԿ˷ģ¶׼ߵһ齨ͥ

ŽҸ΢ЦҲеġ

ֹܣٴλؼҵʱȴ˵ַˡ

¿ģԭü۴Щ䣺Ǽҿңسǹǵıӣңһ̫Զ޹ȥء

Ƕʲô̬ȣô۸㣬ȥһίģ۵Ҫ

ˣһסã̬ټʲôãҲί

˵Լ飬ںĸ̬ȣԺסȥǡ

ȴôƹһϵԺģŻû鼰ʱֹ𣬶ȥĳй򰲰ڳŸĸǡ

ǳ̸ƺһתضûˡ

²˽¸ãԼⱲӾûôƫƫһ仰ܷ

ĸĸ˵Ǹ֪ΪɷЩ⼸Ϊ°Ź

¸Ŷȥݷó˼һҲǿͿģ˲赹ˮ˵Ҳºͣտʼһ˲Ժ޽Ӳ

ĸ׻鷿æȽӴˡ

贩һǳɫĿ˾ëɫڴȥĶŵģǼ˾¼仰ͺͺԶ˵дš

ɵˣŲ豭˹һڲ裬Ծ˵ҲְֵͬѧصشӻɽģԶѵõĺò衣

ЩţŻŴڹһ죬ȴһ±̵ˡ

һЦɵӣȲ轲һ˹ʲôء

ҲǣͷòأǹģҼǵǱ߶ǺȴİɣҲѹֲЩ

ʱѾе㲻ˣԸ´棬Ҳ˵ʲôӲֻǷĲ豭ǼȷʵЩ

ЦøˣҲְ˵ֱʵɣҾȷʵ̫䡣

򴽣ҺܿҪתˡ

һЦϲϲѾ˵ˣʱʽ⣬ǼңⶼС£Ҫġ

ʲôҪֱʡ

ҪйͬĻ־ɣʱΪص黭ְֽԵСʱǱ˼꣬Һְֵļ𶼻ˣҲæˣԺ϶ҪߵģʱǾ̫Զ˵һȥҶҪίġ

Ҳǿ˵Ů˵ģ׼ְƣҪ˵оҲҪģأжûоͽˣޣм´棬ԺأԺԼɷ

ҧҧҿʡĺˡ

軹ǲ죺ʡ󿪵ĺڰмʦҲʶҵѧˮƽ϶ǲģְɣҲ֪ģԸѧ˿϶ѧٶԸѧ˰ɣҲΪ˻һƾ

ô֪ҲԸѧˣ·

Цøˣת˵ǺҪģҿ϶Ҳ⡣

Ȼӣž¿˵ô࣬ʵҲһĵģ͵Ϲ룬òɡ

¿ǰĲߣȻǰЦһ˵顣

˵Ǿ˼ҽӣһͿͲֱ˵Ƕ˲裬֪Ŀ˾ͼʱ뿪Ҳûôµģ˶Ļز軹ʲô˼ֵ˼Ҳ˿ӡ

ʱ벻ףʲô̹̹˵ˣôʲô

ôתʮľһأΨһĸǣˣЩ¹ªϰ͸ɨʷȥ

ǽãҲһӣ嶼ˣװʲôأ

±Щģô˵̲ס۵Ц˳

ҾûǷֿЩҲˣ˼ҹﶼ⣬ĥһνŵԼＶߵأεҲûҪӲչȥûȤˡ

ҲŪЩ˵ôģż갡֮ǰЩΪ˲ôôȺԼһأ

ԼĽ㣬һ

ס㣺û½㣬۲һˣԺ㣬һСסţҼӢкţңúܣ˭ϡһ

±õĵĻһ̲סЦ⻰Ҫôʰ㣡ԺҲҪӹúùûҪԼҾҲ˭ˣƾʲô˿𣬻ɸûõĻ

Դֱӹ㻳㣬ҲˣԺ϶ȶǿ

϶ģ۽úŬԺǹĿ࿴õͷ˵

õݣĸæø첲ɷ򣺡Ҿ˵ˣа취

Ϊµ¶ˣʱЦڷһġ

һģڵžµ¡

ʱ򣬾Ѿ¶ģ̸˵̫˷ʱ䣬ŮӻǺú÷չҵҪ

ֻԼǿˣŲں˵ġ




49  49    

49 

ԼԸ, Ȼʮ⡣

óһδʽԺĸչ

ڰ϶ҪģȻʮ, ѧ˺öǰ֪, ֮ǰӾǹú, ڲ֪, ԭôŮˣԻô, һ˵ˣиʦѧ˵ҵر𷢴, Ժǹҽˣһ϶ҲкܶᣬǲǾ͸ǱС˵дһ, ŮҲ԰쳧ӿ˾

Ȼ, ֮ǰݵĺڰѧϰ´˷ǳӰ, ҪȻҲôʹӶżҵӰ߳

϶Եģʲô⣿ҸͶʣ

СɰѾ˲Ǯˡ

أЦ, ҲڶĶ̫ˣʡӢﺯڰ໹һư࣬ȥһڿΣûͦ˼, ǸʦҲĹȻϿβ㣬ǿԽҪʲôĵطҲ

ϱʾͬӢͻԺ󶼴ô, ۹ã

˵ģЦԺʲôò׼ĵطҲҪģʱҪ⡣

û⣡һھʹӦ

ҲΪıߣҲ˺ʦӰ죬ֽģһϾͿ¼

ײˣ˼ЦȻžԼ﷨⡣

ãԵøˡ

صѧУԺ󣬾Ҳ᰺˵ˡ

Ԥϣɽ棬ֽ֧ľ

ҾΪ˲޸ˣƴҪ˵ҼڴѾǿˣһҪźϵźСģԺ󻹲ܻ죬˼Щңɽĺӣǻ˵ġ

һ֣ˣǲɴ飡

Ц棺ô򵥣ɽ޳ȥŮˣҲ࣬ҼҺôҵ˵ĻᣬҺܶͬС飬Сֻ˵ţʹ

˵ƽƽļŮӣȴֻò

ŮԼǿˣֻܵűһˡ˵仰ͷȥˡ

һ£˼֡



ʮ£Ǹǰܽ󱬷ʱѧУĸֻҲˡ

쾮ڽҽ⣬ȻУ֪ͨһȥ￪ᡣ

Ǽ£֮ǰǵʡļΪиûᣬҪҲ̨УֺǺǵ˵

Ҳ֪ǳλ쵼ıûᵽǺ޵ģŽͷףɫеۡ

ûϻ˼ߣձģվſһͨģȻָ쵼ļαæòˡ

ͻȻиֵôиСûɣ

ǽϵͳıûᣬҲĸѧУѧɡϼ˵ţҲСһۡ

СﳤúƯģҲɣվ쵼˽΢ЦӻͦϾ

ϼ˳־ץһĻȻ˵ǽѧѧΪΪõıá

û뵽һСﻹҲ̲ס˷ӿɲʲôƲ磬ǲ֪ɼô

ϼû⣺ѧѧɼҲɣãûѧУԺҹҲ׵öࡣ

ǿɲǣϾһء߸̾

ʱ򣬾ںͺΰ˵

ұΪһ֣Ҫȵʱأû뵽ȥΪˣǲ۲۵Ĵæˡ˾Ц

˼ЦҲôˡ

´£㻹ҪעԼİȫҪһ˷ϴ˵أΰ廹Ȱ˾һ䣬ʣ߿׼ô֮ǰŵܲɣ

ͷİɣǸУָѲٳһءг

ΰЦ˾ˣŵúܣ֪ĩԣ׼һɣؿɲѧˣ⣬ȫеĸ꼶͸඼һ𿼣ˮƽôһ۾ܿô㻹ܲܿóɼ

Цû⣡ƺðɣ

ԶĵطһеУʹѧУҲ졣

ѧУѧÿ߿ͷѪУյһЦmmpģòˡ

˵ǰһصܵѧȥڽǣ˼ҾܾˣҲģСǾѧУͷҪһеóȥЧ϶ͲһˡһУЦôüĿˬòС

Ҳ⣬ѧУƤһ̧㵱˼СûģȵҪһ䵽ôɡ

һУЦôͻȻͿˣȻҲôϴҲѧУܱͷִﻹðһܸǱȵء

ΣѧǸշ˻ʮϴѧģѧУмѧУ˳ָһѧĸУ

˼ҷŴڣ㵹ˣһԴǲСһУһֻ

ѾѹһͷϺüˣҵʲĺӣҪúһѧˡ

һصмһõҪĽʵʵſ²ɣ

ѧУȴֻǿЦǷڻģɼ֪ˡ

͹ע˾֪Ůˮƽտʼֻ״Ԫͷ䣬ǵǸְԺУͿʼĽѧ¼ȡʵһıܱܲסˡ

Ҳ취ŪЩְԾǵףЧ⡣

һ뵽ԼôһУ;رۡ

ٿһУɵŸԼͷӣ־һ㡣

ǸˣһУֶҪϼˣȻ֪



ѧְѧҲͬԾԾԡ

Ȼ֪ԼˮƽˣǾ٣жİտϴѧ϶ҪȫеϣܿС

У⣬ҲǺ档

澮ܲٿֵĳɼְѧ٣ҲǸѧĳɼɫ᲻Ӱױɺڡ

ĦȭƣǱƴһСģ͸ս֮ǰСģײ࣬һһҲǸԼѧУȫеˮƽΡ

һĴѧһУͬҲοԡ

ǰѧ͸ϰѧһͻϰ

иѧ̫ͷһĩȫôѧУеĿɶȫеļôҲܱѧУ

˵һиͦӢܿأ

ôˣѧУިһرУ˵ˣǿԳһ山ĺӡ

˵УôӣΪǸѧ

ѧЦЦˣѧյĶǿѧУһеѧǵĵһֻѧУβɡ

ؿɲһĻϢѧҡͷ˵ѧ˸ѧ񣬲ԼѧϰرḨͬѧŪ˸ʲôְ˵ͷѧɿ졣

ôҲܱѧУʦǿɡҡͷš

һǱߣУڶԽЦͷҲ֪ʲôаϾǸʲôѧܺǾʲôЦѧУȥһأٳ͵أʦĹʶֵطʲôѧȥ

ǣȫеĺӶһкʹˣż©֮㣬Ҳɲʲô򡣡һеĽ̵εͷͬ

ҵС©֮㶼̸ϣǹ˵дǷС˵ģǰһӻһʲôʲôΪúö飬רЩаţƤҲûãҵ֪ȳɼѧϸϻôҵס

ϸ߿ǸҪǿģ˵ִҪţƤıˣƻþö¶濩

һЦ



ǰְѧʾҪҪǰϰһء

̣ʲộǵĸϰǿȻĪʡ

ⲻȫǸѧ֧֧˵˵ѧһж˿ǰ̣ҪһûãǸѧУְඪ

ˣڵĸϰʱѾܽˣûҪΪСԴҽ࣬ҡҡͷǾͰˮƽûġ

мѹʲô£ְѧҲܿá

˵ѧЩ˵ϰǿȻ̫óʼǱڱдд

ղǸѧͻȻһ磬¡

ԼǸðˣͿͷ¶ˮǧ˿ԡ




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50 

νи꼶һѧĩ, ҲǵһȫһѮʼģһ, Ϊ, Ҳǽȵĵһθ߿

ο൱, ʡˮƽĽʦ, һŸѧУʦѲľ, ֤ԵĹƽ

в󣬳һֻأغͽԶء

صĿԣԶѧ˼ʦ٣Ȼ, ѧҲͬʦȥ

νξؽԶѧʦ֮һʸĽʦˣƽʱϿξΪ, ҪҲ, 䲻ϲѧǰ

ƫƫؽѧиѧ, ʵǽˡ

ǸͦƯŮѧ, ڵһŵһչνƲŮѧǽѧĵһˡ

տʼŮӡ󻹲ϾСﳤƯɼֺ, Ȼʦϲ

һģСﻹؾصģʵʵдݸ塣

ναʦ, ѧдĵʱһҪݸ壬ṹƯĸ߷¡

ֻϧ˲ࡣ

Ѳӵʱ˳㻹ŮԾʼһ۹ȥĿǶԵģˮƽ治꼶һ

󣬼ֱ˴ˡ

ڶѧԣͿŮһͨ⣬˵һҳûأѾˡ

νСҪϸעʱСﻹһĪллʦѾˣûġ

ȻӲǽˡ

νһʱ䣬Ź˲Сʱأ

Ծ鶼дˣⲻϹʦһ׾Ҳôİ

Ӣ￼ҲһͿŮһһһһҪ˵ϹѡɣʵνҲ̫ȷҪ˵ģνһٸš

ѧʦԹŮѧ˻Ц˵ѧòģúܡ

ܺҴˣνⲻˡ

֮ǰ˵ѧһԴɼҲãúȡȡڿһҲӣǴϹ

֮κСȻʱ׼Ȼһϣһ㶼ǶʮӾͽţʮӾͳˡ

ֻϽʦڷҡ

ǾͦܵģԺ󣬸߿ȷҪ󲻵罻˾Ҳ뿪Ͽ֪˶ٿԵȤ

ڣ˵úܿ֡

࿼ʦԺ󣬻ֱֱľͳһ֮ѧУʦľԾ䣬˭Ҳ֪ԼĸѧУԾ

һеʦõմн͹Ծһ߲һЦҾŽֵ쵼ֱϷҪ˵ŪôѧУԾʹĽһ¾ˣѧУûʲôĺӣЩԾŶ۾

ǣһʦҲ˵ؼ࿼УǱߵѧ湻ɢģһǰѧһһĿûء

ʦڰѷ𿪣óͷԾһЦһͦϣеԾģʡ°

һĿǿհ׵ģɲʡľʱ

ֹ˰ͷԱ˷ϲྵͬ£ͻȻܾöû˵ˡ

ô汻õеԾˣԱ˻һЦ

ֹ˷ְӣ˲ų̾һõľˣӦûǰͷһġ

ϹĵʵôôѧУ⼸ӱǿ

ְһ

ô

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꣬ǹˡľ߿Ծ

ľʦʱΧ

һѧԾһʮţľʦ껨ʱ䲢ãǣӵƽ֣ʵ̫ˡ

ֵľ޳ȥƽҲ73֡ɶ˰

ʦҲǽ̸ѧģԼѧˮƽΪſĿİʯѧ60֣ѾǷǳĳɼˣҪܼ񣬻ܹ˦һأѧ

Ҫ֪ȥĸ߿ѧƽֻ23֣⣬ԤѾˢһѧȥԺķ

ڣԵģһƽ70ϵԾ

ʦ綼Իˡ

˻֪Ծ˳̶ȣоԾ

ӦþǴǸިľӰɣʼôӦþûˡ

˵û뵽ôǿģؿмѶȿɲСһΪûһѧȫء

ԾҲ󰡣ѧĿ꣬˵㹻˼ʱˡ

ѧУĹܾѧ˺ȣҪȻǿԸŮúñһȵġ

Ҳ֪ިƵĳɼô

û˵ӦֻһɣҪ紵ˣ

ҲǣѧƫƱǺ顣

˵ȻѧõǴԾӦҲǰɣľĵôˣ

԰ľʱûзرѧ

Ͼ߿ôʽľʦһ칫˶֣Ҳûô䡣

ﵹȷһһʦĬĬ֡

һѷΧȥ

Ȼһűʼ㣬һͽĿԾһԱȣȷʵͬһ˵ľӡ

ôԾܵöٷ֣ʦûͳ֣Ȳʡ

Ŀ5ְɣѾǰϸı׼ˡʦ˵

˵ͷ˵ֹײǰأ˶ٷ֣

ûۡƵġ

ûû̫˵ʲô

ʦľϲȴĿҲϡ档

û۷֣ȫˡʦڴ˵㡣

ⶼˣۼְɣ

ǣǮľǲ̫˵㣬ҾͲҲȫԵġʦ׷ױʾɡ

ԼǮԥͰԾ˳ȥ

Ժ

׼ôһģһģ

Ҿñȱ׼𰸴ûȫ㡣

ſ۸һ֡иʦ°ͣ˵ȴˣˣʵͦģҲС

ǸûҪۣ꼶鳤˵˾乫ⶼиɻȷʵ۲˷֡

⺢ǰⶼо͸˰ָ̾ʦʲô˼Ȼʧ֣Ҫҵѧͺˡ

˭Ҫôһѧأɣӡ

һʦ̲ס̾

ިԾҲܿҳˣȻƯ壬Ȼһɫ֡

ôһѧѹʵͦġʦ̲סֹ

ѧУʦѹ󣬡һ˵УϿ϶˯žˡ

ʼע⵽ԾǸѧʦһи˯ž£ûͳƹŮһ˵ƽɼ

ҡҡͷûüأôˣѲֻܳһ

˵һٶһҾܿ϶йˡ

ǣһôѧء

ҲǣѧʦҲ֮ͳһ·֪ˣҲϣֻѧ

ҪȻУѪˡ

ôˣʲôӰ˲ˣֱӰͳõķȥ

㡭ȷûͳ˿˼ۣĬĬ£Ȼֱ˹ȥ

ҺôҲѧʦԼһۡ

ֹ˰Сʱ

УҪѪˣҲ֪ʱŸҽڱϸŻü




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һеУûѪ, е鲻á

֮ǰڴУǰϹͱҲʵǴˡ

һеУûɹѧУõľӾǲǴѧġ

ȻԾ, Ǿ֮ǰ˵, һкʹѧ, ѧУǼ˿ѧУԴ, ôҲޡ

ûͨǸ, ǴҵôĺӣҪҵʲôֵ°취

һ뵽ʲôֵķԼ֪ģͳסˡ

ڶһ磬Ŷ, ȥ˴Уļҡ

һУ˰ɣȻ˵ϲеСǼ, ʵǸر, ղμӹʱΪôԼʦ, ĸԸԷ˰ϴˮ

, ͷ˵Ҳûʲô˵ġ

ǣУһţͿһЦ, վԼſڡ

ֱӱŵһ£϶ϵԼʲô

һУȵЦ, ˵ϲϽֿǼҵСǲ̫ҽˣ˳·Ҳ

ϱϲҲ԰ӡУѹûһڸʲô

ҲһҲһӸã˭ϲһֺǺǵģУûаŵ˼Լ꣬رİϴС׺İӱϣѩ׵ͷպǵĻɹʢġ

㲻ϲӣһ˼ͷ㣬ԣ˾Ͳˡرкš

УҪľͷסˣ̾ҲֻЬߡ

ʱͷİ˵ӳ̽ͷôôп

ԵĹˣһҲʡˡУ˵

ĸǼ緹УһͷˮĲ֣һȴɷͷڲЦ

Ӵλϡ͡

˵һУԼɷǶԴĹ£û뵽˻ܴһ緹

Ͼλǽϵͳ۲͵ʱ򣬶ᱻ쵼ֿӰ˳Էء

ɷ򣺡ôˣ

˭֪ĸˡУҲԡ

ɩӣһԣ˵ϲϽֿڵСҾ˳УֱֱӴġ

ҿпڸˣæҪһҲǺУЦù֮İأǿڸ֮Ҫ

һ䱸ģУҲЦǺǵĸԵ׽

ϾҲǴѧʦ֪ÿ϶ϼһ١

ɩӣ˵һɼôһðôӣûʲôһ£У̽ʵ

ֵĶһۡ

ѧУҲѽ˵Ǹܣһֺÿε£ľһ۾ϳķˡ

ʦҲμصľ

ôɣǿѧУľӣУ˼Ц⺢ǲϧеƫƣԶѧУިҪҿʮа˾žһ״Ԫˣʡ״ԪҲƴһƴ

ȵֶһۡ

ôɴûһô

˵ˡ

ިǺǲϧĺӢ˵㣬Ҳ˵ҪŶ̰ܲ룬һ山ҲûġУ˵

Ҫ̫ˣУŵ̾ľʦǷϱӾŸĿ֣Ӣʦ˵ƪӢǿֱӵģҲ۲˷֣⻹Ƕ̰壿

ֿܷ705ְҶЩûпȫ淢չѧˣУ˷ĻᣬָϽ˵ҸĻôһѧģҼǵпʱҲûô󰡣

һ⼸ĳɼǱȴҪһ㣬Ҳûϲµĳ̶ȣ񹮺ܣѧУϣΪһҸѡߡ

ҪȻҲûʸץԴĺʹԴ

У⻰УӸһͷˮˡ

У֮࣬ﵹűʣôȷѧУǵľӣ

ǻĸѧУĳɼôãУЦͷͱ˽ˣ˵˵£ΪʲôôҼǵϸѧѧУȹһأʱ򻹲̫డǲʲôˣ

ʵǻһеĳɼԺһ㣬ҪȻҲǰôѴһȥ

У･ףֺһ뿿ӣǵľƭȥ

ǿ϶ܰУҡͷҾ˳ǣ˳һѡ

ʵ֪ҲǲСУϣУȻת˵

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湻ļģУҡҡͷҲǹˣިǺӣҼǵóɼûôð

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ȵӳ׼¥ߵʱУ̲ססУ͸͸ףԾò˼ܷȥʱôôôʱҪŹ

УͬĿһȻһ֪ͷҿԾٸ˵ 

Ȼ󣬴ѧУͳɹһеľңǼɧԾ

һȻ۵Ǹ˼·ʵĹףиɻḶ̌һݽĴ

ʵҪУֿ۵Ҳеǿ710ֵҲ֡

ǵһֻһֳ͵ĺӣǷڴһУӭһ۵̾ѡ

һеУСŵԭʵһƽ֣ʵ̫ˡ

ǸһȵȻ㲻ʲôһѧѧȻв࣬Ƿ˵Ǻ˵ĳɼˡ

ȥһ˶ʮѾջķͷˣһ΢һ㣬ʮŸҲĸһġ

Ҫ֪ȥȫı¼ȡֻ10.8%ѾǱԤˢȥ60%ѧԺı

ʵϣԾһѧԣ10.8%ı¼ȡҲֻһϵֶѣЩпѾ̭һĺӣǿǴרʹרʵһ㡣

֮ǰѧôһִڡ

һҲϵڱ˶á

ְֱ౻Ū˳

У֪ǣְԴѧӰ죬ж

ȻУıӰСˡ

վۿһ

УʱԾĳɼѾͳƳˣܵ˵ֻأõʮѧƽ൱ߣ˴֮ҧҲܽ߿а꣬վ飬ͷʮϣϱơ

ѧһĳɼȣ෭һ

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ʵϣУŵһ

ѧһ֪УͬǱģһѧ¿ɼʱ͹ְѧжʮϣϴѧʹѧǲ֮䡣

Źȥãôֱӷˣ

У̾Լһʮꡣ

ʱôûƴǸŮѧŪأ

УʱƤЦĴԾҲˣ㻹û˵ʲôֵľأӦɲ˵㻰

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ѧУԣͰѶԷ͸ˣУͲţԷԼһж˶֪

Уסˣɿͷһͳһ

һĵһ266ѧԾѧһĿӦ318ˡ

ҲܡһԾŵѧУȥˣУګګ˵

Уľͷ̾۾Ҳⶢ64Ծݣôˮƽ

ҲǣٳɫһʣµˮƽȷʵЩҲ̶ãжƺҪһЩ

ǴѧɼѧҲô衣

ⲻǴĿУ䵭ĸۡ

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𿪿֪ˡУ첻ߵĳŷӡֽŬŬ죬

ֻһмûôϸ񣬾һźֽ˵ûɿˣͷҲ˵ʲô

УֿǰԾ

ȻһӣиʦˮСѺķʪȻ

һǸ

ŷƳѧУκϢҲһ¶

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ĵһĩܿ͵ˡ

ѾƮ˶ëѩƬ·Ϸ϶һƬףѧĩҲڿˣѧȷżٻؼңɼҪܳ

Ҳ׼úӭˡ

ʵϣһƬŵƽʣͿʼ

ϼҸԶͷܵǼĸģϵ̫׽⼸ٻȥĸҵǱصģߵĹأŻңԳϦʹһǸɴŹԼСӣ˵ģټǰг϶ڻˣҲͦ

ǰҵ߶ҲƵݲ࣬᰼ȴһ󴮣żûãźüСܲͷߴӣСһһͶúܣƭ˾ǹȥ

ǰ컹һأ˲ٶϧòȥˣֻ˵Ե޷֣ҺʵĶɡ

Եǰ¥վ˺þá

ûʲôÿġһѰѴϣޱ顣

Ҳֻ̾

Ƣͣǵ¶ĵ£Ǿͷţġ

ϣʵͬһˣúܡ

Ǹ⣬Ҽֱ˳ģһѵõĺꡣ

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͸˵ˣѾԶĴŮ˵ǾңԺҪɴġ

ŮϢˣĸȻҲˣ˶ֺǺǵġ

صظǴôŮôģԷ޾ر𷲶˵ҲûʲôǼСĴСǸϴһ𳤴ģʲôĶϴܣʵҲûϹʲô񡣡

һʱ䣬ֳǸ׷ʵĶþôѧֻ֪ܽʾ֭ЩôСʹĹ³תͷֱЦùǺ

㱾Сʹ»дʣһǵһ꣬˸Ǻ«ģĺӶȥŴ˸ֻҵ㻨Ǯϣ˵Ǻ«ܱƯӲǺҸһ

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ԼҲ߰꣬꣬ʱ;ãԼÿôˣѾܻˡ

¶Ծôûеƫ裬˵ʲôʲôöȻõǸ

˵ˣҲȷʵõġ

Ϧһ죬ѩµø󣬳ĺӲ֪ŪЩɢڹžҶըûҺڵľѩɢȻ󱻴׷ƨɺȺܺҲǣԽԽˣԶԶǴ̶ĽЦ

ϵѩͷﻹһʻĴ㣬˵ϵˮģײһ

ĸܸˣҸջ˵ֻ㲻̫أ²ɣſʡ

ָòͷЦ˵

Ȼɱ㣬󣬵ҹʱһм䣬ðڵȡľĺͷ

ůʳЦףӯڼʵܰС϶Цףµһ꣬Բ




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һĿڳһڼһ, ʼǰͷϷˡ

ĸǽˣʱй, ĸ, ͷһ, һ, Ҳ

һ磬һĿڻϸ·, Ŷȥȥˡ

ǰĸ߷ڣаͳϼֱҪˣ˼ʺͺ, żѼĽСӵĿֵòˡ

ͽһ, ǰҶ, ֻԴ챬ըˡ

ڼءڽϣίί˵

һЦ, ԼҲʵĸ첲, λڻ͸Сʱһû£һ͵ˡ

㣬Ҳ֧α, ý΢һ㡣

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⹫סڵλͲ¥ĸЩ˵ǶĸĸְһĿҲסڸڡ

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˼һһŮѾʮˣҲ˸ͦƯŮѻ

δĴɩСãֵЦǲ໰

ҲѾμӹˣûҶߵüһ¾;رйͬԣط˵Ļȥˡ

ֹһᣬСһҲˣǼһڣһСøϳУǸǳõС

зʱһӲӶڲվԽԵ֡

һ˹ԷĹʹʳɼˡ

ԶСǸȵͷİӣСøϳһϰϰߣȻ⣬Ϳʼѧڿô

С֧֧˵УɼûأҲ֪忼˶ٷ֡

˾ͷһԺһҪù飬ȡϴѧ֮ĻȥҲ˰ɣɼôԺʲô㡣

ʵ˶֪ĳɼһ㣬ҵԺ֮ʮа˾Żǽÿһôʣ͸ʲôĬϳƵġ

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˴һ£Ǻ־ʲôˮ˵ѧܿרԺҹҲ׶ˡ

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ĩôʳϲ˵Ǿ仰

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δɩѾ׹Ǿ˵Ϣʵ̫׼ȷһʱҲò׼˵ĻǻֻһԼѡ

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ԭͷôĽȻԽԼб£ҾԼֲܼȥ

ѧϰϰҲһһϦܾģû£һҪС̶ġЦ˵

޲˦Լӣôôأ

еѧ֪ʶԹܽҪҲˣҪѧãҪԼ֪ʶϵְֽôɣʦ֪ʶתԼĶ

һ˽СʱС̻ʱ򣬿Ůڵ⣬ЦЦŵ¹š

б£ûԼŮϵôרء

ҲãԼʲô֪ʶ㱻һü׶Żر

ҪǱѧУʦͺˡ

һСľͽŵ࣬Ůϴϴ׼˯ˡ

ڴϷ˼ϣ㣬ٸҽϵ£ϲ

Ҳ֪ΪʲôôϲЩžһᣬ˵˵ţҲ֪ʲôʱ˯ˡ

ڶһ磬һͷĸʹ˼ȥпºʹԼȥС̷λҪӰ࣬С̾ʹŮȥһ»ꡣ

һ˵ȥ꣬ȻеʵɸˣصشϸףϸСųš

ʱ򣬽еĽѾ˼ĳ⳵һģС̴ĹһǮĳƱʮվ·͵ĵطһʮ·ϣֱŰٻ˾»꣬һӪĴƵ꣬иĻ԰

ǿҪ£ȥ˰ٻ˾

ʱûгУٻ˾ۻԱҲְҵ֮һƷڲ̨棬ۻԱڹ̨ûԹ˿ͷ

С·ѡȥҲûҵģ˸ͦµıСȦ֮ǰӦᰣ˳Ҳһ

¥ļ۸¥΢һ㣬Ҳ٣ۻԱû٣ƼľƤӶûȻǰġ

Сһɫףʣͬ־·ùһ𣿡

̨ۻԱĵԼ룬·˲ԵʱҲ

Сϰ˹̵ͷΪ⣬С̣С̣Ҽ·ô꣬ø򡣡

СЦ֪ϲãϲ˶СˣҲмƯ·ˣ

ţ治ãҲףû

ȥģۻԱһߣͱԣʱ䡣

Ȼֱߵ·˻ȥ

Сһ㶣Ҳòڱɹˡ

˸׼¥û뵽ˡ

ڷϼδɩúһҲٻ̵ꡣ

巼ˣһ㶣Լĸ׶ϵ˼䡣

ѽ׼ǱߵݰôʲôûˣĸЦӯȻӭ˹ 

巼ĸǸŮˣͲʱеϸëͷСƤЬʮ־¡

һǽסС̣קž֣Цſ侮ģãҪ΢һ¿϶ÿ

Сһ´ǿһ

ǲǲԣļ˵ҺӪҵԱ죬˵һ¡巼ĸ˵ţͺԱߵӪҵԱкһģ

֮ǰǸӪҵԱʱҲ¶Цѽԭ˰˵ףҲСﴩúÿԼҺأ

˵ŻǼ·ͱ˹

Ȼͱư͵ԣ˵ȷʵͦÿ

ӸߣʿΣɫһָ˼£·İҲãǼʮ궼ʱľʽ

Ҿ˵·СҲ̲ס޵

һʼǮЩסˡ

ǵ۹ãǺеӣ·رãõҲϸëӣǼ۸Ҳһ㣬Ҫʮ˿ǮۻԱ˵

ʱʽΣûʲôߴ۵˵ȫһڼۣҪҪ

Сԭ¾һһõ·Ҳû뵽ô

ѽǲǮûѽ巼ЦҪҪҽһǣԺݣҲǻϡ

⻰һ˵СԽе㲻ˡ

žӿ˿ҲЧȷʵ

ʵû·ʱѵԼϲģ𣬺ҲûҪΪԼ

ҲùС̺δɩĸ׼Ļ棬ֱӴӶͳһŽС۹ã·ȷʵǰһӷ˽𣬸ÿ·ء

˵ŻԼͰǮˣСûס

ֿϻһʽԼϵһģһɫɫףֶӪҵԱ˵Ǽ·L뻹ûУҲһٸҽһҲ϶ʡ

ȻֶŴŽȥ

ʶۻԱҲûôСֻôˬˣһ£ųɵ˵ǮǹˣǲƱ

ʱ·ǮУвƱ

ҲеġһڴóһƱϻųɶ͵ģ˵õ

ųɶģ߰Ʊ֤٣ͲƥֵƱУҲûģҪ˵㲼ƱŵƱȻҲǰ˼ҵģ˳ָ˵ԼϢȥôãֻܿųɶΪ˵ıˡ

ӪҵԱִһ£˵еģϾ͸Ҫ¥½ǮͲƱȸ㿪ŵӰɡ

Ȼתææع̨Ʊȥˡ

巼ŮɿĽһȻŮһߣ˵СԶãǼҵĺӣ

巼΢΢ͷǼҡ

Ǿ͹ˣôǮģ

Ҳ˵Ҫӻ巼ҧŴ˵

Ҹ˵Ҫ޹ȥƿ϶ǲˣҪȻ˼һƲģҿСҲһˣû²Ҫ巼赽ϳɾŮ

Ǹѧѧȥ巼

ʱ򣬾ȴѾͷˣתְҲһë׵̰ɫë˳ֻҲһ

СˣæסҽʲôСôôǮһǶȱ·򡣡

벻⣺ûС̣ⶼԼ׬Ǯ˵ˣ·Ҳ˶١

˵õɣ·ȥСһĹˡ

ãۻԱ̬ȻһͿֻҪϻǮ·Ҳã󻨸ܿҪǿˡ

ƪӼĳȥСܿ³ӯˣҲ顣

С̵ǱֶŮŵˣһɣûסǮٶȣӰٻ˾ʱȻе




53  53    Ծ

53
ۻȥ·˰, ôǮһҽúݺˣС̻ûͨ, ֻͨ, ԼֶŮôôǮ, Ҫ˵, ·Ѿˡ

С̾ãҲʵ̫躢, ô裬϶ҲþôǮġ

üЦŽԼ·ŴѧУȥĽķ⣬һĻ, ί᲻ã·Ӱ죬ǹԹ˵, ҪͰ˰, ͦ·ġ

ĿС˼ЦûС, һû, ͵ףϳе

תͷֶ˵һҪúѧ´μʱܲܿǰʮ㿴

϶ԣСһӸĵ˵

ű»ߣǾͺ,   һҪ򼸱أС֮ǰǴӦ˵ģҪұ

СΣҲֻܿ첽׷ԽԽԶĹ

»һƯ¥, ټĴӲ͸ͷһһӵ飬Ϣ

˿̲࣡ס̾

ɲǣô꣬ҶϽأҲӽ飬Ҫ濼˺ѧУСٸһСЦ˵

һ꣬ͿС˵ǱߴܹȥˣԼѡ˼ѧ࣬ҲѡʺϳеĲο飬̲סרҵǱߡ

΢һ㣬ǵҲˣ붼ڰĿ飬мд۾һʱ꣬Ҳдɽװɲģ꣬ͬдŴֲװЬĹ˺ӪҵԱģˣŮŮ٣ƺԼ

С˵ģһѷ֪ʶѷȴҲһһж缢ƿʵǻõң޾ϣͱͷ

ϲ

ܼ˺ܾãָѡһӢһ飬ټԼģһ۸Ҳˡ

С̵ײþǮˣԼǮȥʱ򻹶ҪǾ跢ˣ͸Ͽ·ȥˣʱһȥǧҪš

ƿŵʱڵģĸ᲻ԼûܺúӣþôһǮ

û뵽صңԼŮĴֱʣĸȻȫ⡣

Լ׬ǮҲûɶĸЦ˵Һϵ·ҲģŮ׬ǮˣҲͲˡ

Сʵע⵽˾ĸɵĺ·Ӹп޷ɣ˵ж۸Ҳˡ

ҲĸҡͷȫҸЦŮ⡣

ôϢһѣСҲ˵ʲôˡ

ֺ澮ڶ飬ô׬ôǮģ

ӦдӰɣĸ˵ȥͻȻһɼò˵Ҳ־˲£ܶ඼ˣ׬˲٣񻹰﹤˸ʲô⣬Ҳͦġ

СĿɿڴȫ̾͸Ƶġ

ѾͷôˣǼΪãǳ˴ңô׬ǮԺҪΪһ˲Ĵˣ

ôţǸᶨҪžԼķӣúöŮѧϰˡ



쾮һҾҪȥˣȫһعӣȥһƵݣҵͭ۸ʵݣζҲص

ͭѾյͨ죬ֹƬһ̶ȥ͸һƬƬһڹĴһ̣ٴһڵ㡣

ҹӵĽҲã΢պһ㣬ζ͸һ㣬ֱӻ

Сʱȫ˲˦ӴһͱɾȻһŶӽʵǳԳˡ

˼Ҳûô󷽹һ˳˳⣬Ŵȥ˵ʱ򣬺ĸ

ĸЦ˵֮ǰǸ˼ŵƱ÷Ҳòϣ˵ۼӵʱҲ֧Ԯһѣⲻô׼飬ͰƱ͸˴˼ҡ

ȻߣǻǮĵطҲ࣬ܶ˼Ҵ漸ҲóǧǮǸƱ֤ŪǵӻƱֺεĴƱЩҲһõһš

Ҳѹִô󷽣ŴҺúÿһ硣

ѾþûгԵôڵˣʱͷƾͷƱҲֵˣ

ƱǸŮõģ治⣿ʡ

ֹϧƱˣҪ֪ŮôһˣԸҲȥ

Ǵ˼ҵ飬ʲôϵǸ˵ˣԼѡžԼ£Ժֲúƨ¡

Ա㣬˶ģŲԸ޹ʿ˷˼

ϧĴȴζű˲⡣

Ҳˣ巼һҲдˡ

ʱ˵㣬һţÿԼһҽ׼뿪

Ǹ巼һӾ;òˡ

ԶûԼ¹أЩݵͦ󷽡

ﲻζϾ̲סѶɫˡ

巼赹ǸԲˣҲ֪ŮԸæЦŴԲҲˣҪ֪Ҳ⣬ͺһˣϾ˶֡

ûеĲӿǱЦǿϧˣӾһԲ㡣

赹ǿʲôû˵ֻûĿһۡ

ԭöŮǸõģû뵽˼ô߹հ䣬ѾЩˡ

ԶﺩɵɵЦôҲˣҲпˣ

巼ʹӲ˵Ц˵Ҳ㲻ϿˣǸԶݣڴʦģСҲˣСòڴĳвԺҲԺݶ̡

˼ҿɲϡǱŸѧѧøоͷء巼Ǳ˵

趼޲ֱתµŮˣǱ߼ͼҲǣ϶̫ÿ

ǸľŮ꣬ôϸװƵģ˾һ£

巼ҲֻЦСӲ£ҿЦأˣȥкš

˵תŮߡ

ȫǴѧ꼶ѧʦΪԷողŴѧУϹ

ǹؼʱ򣬱ѹʹ󵽲УͻȻðͬѰŮѧΪУجΣŵʦҲùĶץѧУǸŮѧѧְľӡ

ǿǺôһԾҲ֪УôŪֵģ֪һŮѧôôߵˮƽôľ

ȫͦ벻ͨģҲûʲôʱȥ룬ѧУʦŬоЩӣܹգо͸˾ҪôѧãõķԾá

ģֱܰ˸

˵һΪ䵽ȥˣƴñǻҪ衣

񣬾֣ѾΪһʦǹͬˡ

ҲϣͷٺúýѵȥսŵʱԱһ仰ͽ̲ס˶٣˵Ͽһۡ

˵Ǹ꣬ͦƯŮӣһͣһе졣

ȫͣ˽Ų

ʵԶԶһأǰıûϣʱУ͸˵ҪעŮˡ

ʱȫֻУ񾭹û뵽ôԼҲҪڳˡ

϶ˣɩ˵ǼӰ࣬һ㣬˻ûأ巼ӭֿżԶһӿС㻹ӡɣҹŮĶǰҲġ

ŶŶȫɿʣǸŮϲʶǲǽо

巼һ㶣ͷ֣ѧѧôʶ

ǾûˣȫͷرܹȥͬѧãĴˣ

˶סˡ

ҲôͻȻðԼкԵʣ

˭

ȫʱŷӦ͵նǴѧʦ⼸죬ǿɱڵòᰡ

޹գգۡ

ˣû뵽Ҳݹϵ巼ıˣ֪ûʱ䣬̼ءȫʾ

巼վڱϣȻЩš

Ҳãϵ湻ɵġ

ЦĿһ巼˵˼ҺʲôĲô죬˵ˣҾһѧʲôֱȥУɡ

ԣҾˡ˵䣬͸һŽˡ

Ĵ綼̲סʣ˼ҴʦʲôҪ̵ģ

˵ˣѧɼӦѹһͷ

֮ǰ˾£ûŹĹ

ʵ̫ˣߺһӢܳ׶˵ӡ

巼ǱߣҲججű˵˺þþ

ʲôƿʲôʡ״Ԫ־ڱصʲôŪһְ࣬ѹôһ

֮ܶǸԼҲ׷ϵˡ

ζӳ£˵

巼ҲɸֵҾ˵ˣǸӾͲ򵥣ƤǳºˣͼԶɲɵ˶һˡ

巼һͷѲɻ˦ң

ЦŮеûǰòǵطǷˣȲ˵û¸ԶݶʲôҪ洦ǸǿҲͲ˵ʲôˣ˼Ҵǿƾ֮ǰЩü۵˵ģ޹ȥ̹Ҷûţ

巼ǿҧŴҲ˵ʲôĻ

ҪôúϸЩĴ̵Ĵ̺úһգҪôɴͱˣټ˲ƽЩֱ˵ػ

巼ȻǿĲ˵ˮѾۿϴתˡ

㻹ǺúɣԶǸúӣǼҲҿɲĻ˼ҡ˵껰巼ֱӰŮڷٶ˵ʲôˡ

ȵŹϣ巼ˮž˵һ£ͷ˺þá

λûףܲܺ˳飬֪Ҳں

ϱӾԼ߰ģλɩӡҲûô

һأȻô̡

λֶû̫ס̤˷ҵ·;

ȥһ·Ǻ˳˵һ׼ȥˣУǰһС԰һ͵ſڡ

յûãһеУҲ۰Ͱ͵ţ˵ġ

ǿɲڽģҲ֪ڲ׽Ҫܴʲôֵؾ͸ˡ

ǵС̣Ҳ֪ԼЩԾӦѾй¶˲ٳȥ

Ҫ˵ںҲڣѧ̫󻷾ҲҲûŰЩԾǮ

ǰװױˣҲ̫⡣

۾һתɴУֱ⡣

֪ѧãѧУԸԾѣѧɲһũѧ࣬һԾѣ˵ܾǺܳصĸ

֮ǰӡӣ붼ѧ˵УӡģΪ˽ʡīѣһ׾Ҫü飬ѧõҲͷд֣ĿֻڲݸֽϣΪˣͬѧҪá

رӰЧʣҲ㸴ϰ

ƴֵԩͷԼţҲֱӾ˵ԼԸԾѧãҪҪ֤ѧѧԾ

ԤϣУǵһڴӦԸԾָһֻ֣ϣܹʱʵָһ¡

һеУҲںͷ˵Ըֳ20%͵ʡ

ǻӵģһ˼顣

һ֪һзǵӣûͦãеƸԺˮķ緶ˡ

еĸϰȱӡˢƷĹֲ̫淶ѧУλԼ׬һ½ѧʦҲûʲô˹ܣѧУѧҲͦһ׵ġ

ҲûһʶǮھʹӦˡ

̸ԺУ͸ˣˣ̲סЦãСС;ѾǵٵĴˣУꡣ

˵ŻѧУҲˣǱϲġ

ĳɼڹѧƽΪѧ̫ûӮһУǸ߷ֶεѧȴʳΪȫеһİٷϵĿʮȴ߳һء

Ǿ705ֵĳɼʳΪȫеһ߳ڶʮ֡

㣬ѧǺúüһѣУ˵˵

ùҪᣬĥҪҪִȥҫҫЩ϶úĽһѡ

þѶˣϸְصĳɼҡҡͷֻʣ°ˣϵĽȱҹƵĻҪһ㣬ȵѧҪӵˡ

ԾҲˣܹȫְѧܺúøһ⺣ս

ЦӶĸУˣְѾˡ

ȴԥ˵ǵĻͱѧҪ˲٣Ҫʱ仹úóһѣ˿϶Ϳϴѧˡ

Уɵˡ

ǰǸ˵ְĿǶܿϴѧʱֻѾĻõԸѡ

ڣʮİٷˣ̫㣿

֮ǰ˵ġȻģ

һʱ֮䣬У֪ôӻˣֻܿӿӰͰ͵˵ѾܲˣѾܲˡ

ǶԾ˵ǲһûȻܡ

õģֻаˣҪ඼ܲˣʲôѧһӣֱ˶ۡ

㸴ϰǿȣĸûȣȻʱϴѧף뿼ôѧڱѶʵҲûͶ١

˻࣬ԽջԽ󣬲Ժ󣬾̫ջСһֻʣƽ˼ˡ

ǣУ˸߲ҵĹһԻ뿪ְѧԵͬ顣

һϸ룬־һѧ̫ˣ




54  54    ս

54
ͷǾǳȥ, 漸죬ŰҲﲻ

ǰԼŵУѾг׬˻, һ, Ÿѧ˵С, ھС, ֽ˺þá

տʼ˻֣һδ޵Ĵ, ôͻȻ˼ҵĸ裬˵Ǿ¾ڳϾĸӣ̲ס

ߺ󣬰ҲŰ, ˲񣬺л˾һ

½½мѧҳлʦ񣬵Ƕ˻ȥ, ˵ѧܿϴѧ, ǶлһŲա

֮ǰ˴Ȼб, ϧǸҪǮ, ɲ˴¡

仰һ˶ԾӸж²˵˵лģҲֻԼû, ˿϶ѡ

ڳСм䣬һȱ·иС͵͵, һ¾·ˣһܻһ߽УˣԺҲܿһ

ʵڽоЦá

ãѧڵˡ

ʮ壬ѧǰѧˣǹЩְѧҲûţԴ˺һֽؼңͷתʱˢ⡣

ǵջͬҲǾ޴ģһƯĳɼְѧһ̧ͷͦأ޲ðԴֱȥ

ΪȻҲ󣬶ʮ첻ʱ䣬һ߰м䣬˳ƪѧģһƪС˵ɰѹ껨Ǯȫ˻

⼸죬дһƪġ

죬ڸнѧ֪ʶ£һƪѧģֵ̽ǵڶֵļ󷨣ҲʱԼѧϰɹһССܽᡣ

ƪּĸ˹һ֪ѧڿ²İעת΢ԪϢϡ

˵Ը֪ʶֵþһ쳣Ͻʦ֪ʶϵ걸ḻǵԼҲİѧƣһһƬɳ̲ͯòֺ

֪ԼҪѡһɳ̲Ȼȥҵء

Ȥʵ̫࣬һʱʵھˡ



нϵͳĵһδᣬѧĸУ׳Ϊ˻ϵ

Уѵðһͷҷ͹ȫǵĺ⣬ƫƫҪŬţÿÿ˹άʱ򣬾ǫ˵ֻһѣôҪ߿ķӡ

մѧУԭʵα

һʲô÷ģϵ˿ڱ˶ѣһУҲͬ飬꿴ܲôţ

ɲǣУͷ˵Щʲôŵû

˵һ˵У;Ŀ϶һۣأʲôĵ᣿

Ҳò˵У°ҡͷ

ʵһ䣺Ϻ꣬оʲôҲܸ㰡

ʵ˶˽̹Ҳû˽ǻ֮ǾԲܻͨ޵ġⱲӶܣ

Уߴ⣬ؽְ˵Ӧɣƫƫ֮ǰΪǸؽֵľֳУôϲҷŴڡ

ɼɨز˵ؽ־ֳŪǷǵΪҲʮֲ

һϣؾϰʱ򣬾;ð칫¥֣¥´üˣٶס

μŹİյ˱˿һӦǱܿʲôȾƵġ

ޣһľͻʹ棬ǳԲ˶ߣз޷޲ƽЩԼĻţϸһ룬־ѧεĳɼ϶ףԾй¶ʲôֶΡ

ֻҪС꣬ǸոߵĿ϶ԭα¶ʱԼǷĺΣոߵģסУλû˵

ŬοԼһͨ԰߽칫ңԼıﾹȻֻʱ򣬻̲סһͨ

ʱȿֺĸݺ˲裬ں˱ֽǽ죬ͷһܣտյֻʣһűҵСڿš

أθһ䡣

СͰͿԼͷ˾һۣ˵ίͬ־̸ء

ʵҲȥˣΪģȫ˽ֱ˼Ҹ˻ҡ

ίĸͬ־ڰ˶ŵĹô죿λͷϣһ䣬ȻӦʲôί

СʱѾͷȥ˵ˡ

˼»صԼİ칫ңʶڹ˰뱭¶ǣź֪ݺݵĴһ¡

ֹһᣬίͬ־ٴţֱȥģη߲վסһᣬŲΡΡʣλͬ־ʲô°

ίͬ־ޱ飺֪ˡ

ʱȫ¶ˣɹĺκü壬Ӹ̵ݿţίȥȲˣҪԼηȷλӿ϶Ǳסˡ

˵ߵʱȻһƬɫϧûòɹΰ磬мսλʱ򣬱˽СĿ

̨ûãѧͽӵ֪ͨѧУ²һרþѣؽѧУĲٳ

УЩ֣˵ҪѧУʮѧǮ

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Уһպǻãʱ𣬲ΪҲԸô˽ÿҪԸԼͽȥģ

˻Ц˿ɲ֪Щ˵˳֣Ϻǵĵŵùȫأ

УһɲЩ⽨ŵġ

һת¶ЦҲԼãôһѧ߿ʱ͵Űɣ֤ﴫݱ

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ʮа˾ŰɣУϾҿġ

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ʵϣ߶û·˵յĸ߿ʱʮ꣬Բš

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ѧҲѾ̳ϣĻͬû˿ɡ

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׼ٴμٵʱ򣬲ٳϺȻһˣ

ɻͣ½Ųһϲõıϸ硣

ųɶǲŴӳһ糾͵ģһʹ֣һ־衣

㲻ʡôͻȻˣ֡

ǲǷһƪģųɶȴʡ

˵ƪʡ

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ƪصġųɶһѰ־˵

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Ϊаƣũ˴ʣͶֲ˽˰ҵһСҵʷ̨ʽȱʡ

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һ߽ǰ豸ҲʼС͵Ļеӹ˲ܱߴҵԸСӣһ׬ͷ

ųɶһؼˣڴǮֿʼĴһᡣ

һȥ׼ʡһ̨ϵĽڶػ

ҵľܼӹޣܶԵĵӲˣֻ׬ôı߽ǮųɶͲˡ

Ҫ̨ػǿɾţˣֱ׬Ǯ

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Ҫǹһ˲ȱôһƪûʵ֤ģпܱǳ

ⲻˣ豸ųɶһĴȣ˵˵

רҶ˵̨޲ˣôһǮܲ浱ͭɡ

Լ֣û޺Ҳ׬˾飬Ҫһ޺ˣǾ׬ˡ

ǣһ±ƣֵһ̨ػȻǻġ

ųɶѧıһ񷿣˸ֱӰ̨һ˹˵ǲиУҪˣٵ߾ǡ

Ȼƨˣ˵׼һϱߣȡ̨Ǯ׬

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һ̨صصĴһʱӶŷģֻϧάòôʮѮʱͻˣҲûʲô˹߰ͷͶˣҲ⼣

ԶԶȥ̨˷ƷҲʺϴطˡ

Ҳ֪ųɶʲôаǧ˹

ôһһ˷Ѷ˰̲סզࡣ

Ҫ˵ϲ̨ǾͿ϶ǻѻˡ

֮ǰϵʱĽľǴѧʵҺ͹ĳ䡣

ûʵգ룬ƵվǸѥɦ䵽ʵ

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ųɶͦͻʱһҲ˲ٹ豸Ȼ뾮֪ôá

ǲôЩˣ

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֮ǰ, ǻҪԽ߿һͷ·Ԥ

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ͨʸμµĸ߿Ҫûͨ, ֻܹԹԻؼңٵһꡣ

һеѧҲһвٱԤż, ͸ѧ, ÿ궼вԤûͨѧҲһؼ, ֻͷε, һֱ߿

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˻Ϊˣѵ¸µԤҪԤûͨûи߿ʸ񡣡

ŶǸգգۣǸùܣܿġ

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٣ٻһ϶ɣ

֮ǰΪ϶ݶԵڶʹĹܣһ߷һԾһĸԼһᡣ




56  56    

56
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ΪԤʱúܽԾ˵ҲԤǰһ

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, ţǰͷ˵ӡ

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˵˵ʲôǾ˵Ҫ˵ܿϴѧҲţ˵

ô֪ģԶһĻ̲סЦô˵ģרƶһ׸ϰƻأ

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ķ˸ۣȴһǧһĽ

ɲǣϸרء

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Ҳ湻û˼ģ



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߿ǰ޺̨ѶȷʵСҪҵϣŻҪһеæ

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û뵽ӾȻ̨ȥޡ

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Źǵþм¾ҪμӸ߿ˣʱ򱻶ߥȥڻҪһûϣԼǸС쵰

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һŹ¿֣¶ָ˵Цˣ̨û취ˡ

Ź˵㻹ǸѧϹʦ̨һû취ģһȥǺݺݵųɶһٲɣСӣ²Ща

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Źһ̨ھЩ£ɸӷڵĵ֮Ǻú飬ͲҪͷ˷ʱˣ̨˾ǵרҲ˵޲ˣֻܵƷ

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57  57    Ԥ

57
մѧУҵʱ, ־ƽٻЩ

Ͼǻָ߿ԺĵһѧһҵͱֵлеĺõλҲǳ＼Ӳż̾Ź

ŹѧɲŵҰ·, ϱ, ۷ȴһ, ǶԵ־ƽҲǺ, ˵ˣ־ƽҪԼİ, ļһ֡

־ƽҲãûбԼˣҲӦܽʦİࡣ

ֱͬѰĸ

ϸʦȻ, ˵ҪȥһĿΪʦڳλߣҲȷʵȥ, ﶼûʹӦˡ

ֹ˼, ʦҲйȥ־ƽͦ, ԼôлμĿ, һʦ

ȻľһϾɵ񷿣һªͲͷһ̨רҶй̵ϻ

ŵ, Ŀ߻ʦһʮĸѧû֡

ⲻǶϷ

Ҫǿʦϣʱתߵ, ΢һԥͱקȥȥˡ

ʦ˽¸˵ĻѵһҪץסû޺ãҲѧپ顣

ϾҲûĸܺݵһ̨ػ桪һ̨ġ

־ƽʦĻȷеȻº룬²ʦҪΪץһС

Ǻܿ죬ͲʮŮˡ

Ȳ˵ĳɼжãȻн׶ζ֣ڵ־ƽѧҲˣǿϾܺ޻ֱӻȺš

Թ̻е˽Ҳһ㣬ôͼ⻹ֱŵģһǴûڹ֡

΢Ԫһ飬־ƽˮƽѧУϽҲ

ѹʦĸһ̨ػˡ

⣬˼ɶ㲿޺˵·ϵĻ㣬ֻһڶһʱ䡣

üֱһ

̨˶˵ѾõĻͨϵ磬Ȼ֨ѽѽָĳʱ򣬵־ƽĳɾ͸м

һ̨ػһ̨һȻĻ

ֻϧڳʱŷ֣ľȻǲУﲻʹҪ

־ƽ˿һлⷶΧڡ

ˣҲþֱʦôһ̨ڳȥǿʵʵڵı£ҪҹʡеĻе²Ҫ

Ź͵־ƽô󹦸ɵʱ򣬾ȴҡͷ

̨޵̶ȣܶûʲôʵüֵ϶Сԥһܵ೹׷ˡ

ûʲôʵüֵŲڰ̨ʡеſڣ˼ԭ۸ָȥŹ̨һ˵

ǲһֲΪ˸쵼ݲ޵ģǲͬ⣬ڵľȾϸ̫Զˣ϶޺ˡ

˵Ҫﵽһʲô̶Ȳ㣿Ź

룺ܹϸĽ

Ҫ󲢲ߣǶ˵СŶ˵ȴһǳĹ̡

ʵҲ֮ǰ̫ˡ

سһֶԾҪǳߵĻΪܲƣټͼֽȱʧ¿ףҪʵʷӹȴѡ

Ҳѹ֮ǰЩרһͺԥҡͷˡ

ûͼֽǾ»һţһȷǡ˵

⻰־ƽֱ»һţ֪ǶĹ

һ̨ǧ㲿ҪϸֽоҪÿһĵǿˣʱɵأ

Ѷȸһ̨Ҳˡ

οܻͼһҲһ룬һŹʣµľĻͼ߶á

ûôѣȴԶǸĵģôͼԽңѧܿ죬˵вҪȫ㣬ֻҪ㼸ҪĲֵ͹ˣһҿԸ㶨

˵ü򵥵ǵ־ƽһĴ⡣

ѵѧĵҲûʲô˵ˣֻתŹʦǳﲻ׼ôõļٰɡ

û뵽ʦȴѾȫĴ˹ȥ۾ʣ㣿

ֶͽܰڰ֣û£Ǳ㶨

˶췭һۣ־ƽ˵ʲô

ͼͼһ飬ôѧУܹѵĵ־ƽԾܱ΢ԽС

ϾҪܳʱרҵѧϰѵܹϰõļܣûʦּʮϹʦΪûоѧϰһ˲١

ǣ󣬵־ƽͺ޲ð֮ǰĻ̻ȥ

벻ͨˣż찡ôܻñԼã

־ƽǰͼֽ淶иɻ

ҪۼǴһ֪ʼѧģҪΪǰѧԺﾭͼֽ򽻵Ͻء

žǷ˺ѧ֮Ĳɣ

־ƽѾ˵ˣʾԱա

󣬾Ϳʼ˷Ļͼͼ֮á

컭ϻԷʱ򻭣˵˵ŻҪͻȻȥ輸ʡ

͸ԼǸϾҪμӸ߿һ

־ƽžӣֻܵĸֱ͸ˡ

˱ˣֱˡ

ϣѧУתһȦ˹ͷһͻʮࡣ

˼ۣŹѾϴϢˣֻʣµ־ƽԱҹս

ӽͷۻͼֽ̧ͷһʱ䣬һѾôˣҲû˰ɣ

ŷ±ʣһ׵׵ſ

ಱӣ˸Ƿȷʵˣˣ컹пԡ

־ƽĵܵҲǸĻźȻߴ٣ԤɣôҪĿԣڸϿȥϢ

ѾϵſڣŷӦæȥһŮô·ȫɣ

ദôãǾֻһҪŮˡ

ھĵλֻʦ΢һ㣬Ҫ˵£ǿɱʦǿˡ

Ȼֻ־ƽɲҵʦ˵

뵽һ㣬־ƽ̵ܲƼҼص鿴ѧУѧǻе̣оһ黹ǲ˲١

룺ڹص黹࣬ȿϢ飬Ͼػǲοģȵĵͼװ˼ϵͳԶ̶ȸߣɿܶȸߵĹ

ⶼ˰־ƽ̲ס̾һ̨ڶϻôѾأ˵ԺûϣҲԼȽĻ

϶ԣǸģ͸˵Լܿ山߽ƾܽЩӴʱһ

־ƽҲ̲סţԼܿܿһ졣

̲ס¶ЦĻӻ֣žѧУԼת̤ɫȥˡ



߿50졣

ְѧϢʱѾ20ĸ£𴲣ƻҪϰʮһ롣

֮ӦģǱȾԤƻҪĽٶȡ

ְ൹ڶָϰԤǰһ죬˳ɡ

ϰʱ򣬾ҪһϴϢĿ㾫

ϴȴô˯ˡ

Ҫ֪ǰǸˣʮԺ˯Ҫ֡

ǽ죬ʱѾ߹ʮ㣬ȴһⶼûˡ

̲סʱϵ棬˯û

û˯ţܾýĿû꣬ġǱ߻ص

ɲǣһŴҲϰʮ˯ͻȻôϨƣе㲻ϰߡ

ǣԼûأҪ˯˯ŰһҲ

ǡٿһ飿顣

ȻõһµϿɡ

ҵƱ´򿪣ŮǴ£ץ鱾ԾֱڴϿ

ʱߵʮһ㣬ȻȻû˵ֻֽűɳɳż΢ɲ

ƿţû뵽ȴĵƹ⡣

ôû˯컹Ҫءʡ

Ůһ꣬ҲƤЦģⲻ̫˯˯ǰ飬˯òŰġ

Ҳ̲סЦûǺãһ¸ıϢ϶᲻ϰߡ

̨ŪôˣôһҪעⰲȫ

ǰʵٻ᰾ʱŻأҲһСľʱˡ

ͷ˵ģУǰǽ·

Ҫˣһ㲻ţ˻̨£ʡ

һҲġ

ǿ϶ܹ

Ҫ߷֣

Ů˵

ɶŵķΧһǰҲ󲻳״̬

ǾͺãϴϣЦŹ˵ƣʮһˣ˯ɣ쿼Դ˯Ҳá

ƹϨɫ½٣˰΢¹⣬һΡ

ΪҪԣصر˵㣬˵ʵ綼ѾˣЩһµͷ𴲣Ҳڴ΢һᡣ

ʱѾ·չ׼ȥܼȦ

ȵȣҸһȥϲܲİᰣʱȻææĽС

Ҳһ𡣡

Ҳȵҡ

һ˶ϣȵٳʱ˲ְѧרΪ˿һ۾Źġ

˶˼ЦԾ˵ܾһ㣬Ͱ˲١

̶̴ʱ䣬ѾΪְĹǺͶ롣

վԼ·ҪԼȥߡ

ѧǶݻֺܿɢͣȻԵĿ

ſ죬ȸ߿Ԥѡԣʽʼ

ԶѧνһȻǱļ࿼١

ԤٰտԳɼλƾѧҲǴɣһСֳ˾ڵĿ

һǸ˵еֿλϽʦ̲סĶ˶

Ͼʹˣʵܲô̼

ΪǸ߿ǰҪĿԣȡ˫˼࿼ѲѲӵļ࿼ƶȡ

νδһԶѧʦͲԸҲá

˵νһμ࿼λ˵е̨ϺʣĸǾ

νΰеڶǸǡ

Ůʦ濴˾һۣͦƯһŮǿҲûʲôرĵط

󣬾ôһͨͨŮӣܰĽϵͳˣиͬѧһУϻؼʱڿߣӺòУ۵ͷͺˡ

ֻ̲֮࣬סĸϽʦ̣˵ѧôôҲ֪ʲôϿѧѧ

νγĬһ˲Ͽǡӽر죿

ȻϴεϽʦ˾޴Ӱһʱỹû

ʦ

ʵϣԼڿȻˣְҪȴǾʱ䡣

ĺһȷ֣ʸǰ˵

Ȼ˵ðҲ˵Ĳǡ

Ͼ˼ֵܿġ

ԤĿ˳͸߿һʱ䰲Ҳһ

һģΪһƪģٶٿҲ첻˶٣ĥʦľʦ˼ٴݸ壬˼ϵĵŰѾ͵Ķ˶дȥ

һţӰ˵㿼ʮ룬ȥѧУͷתһȦȻ˵ԤŹ˻

嵭ͣ΢һ۾翼ͻѧʱһСʱ

ſм䲻ϢҲû취ǰвסֳһŲݸֽͼֽһ룬ѧԾڷ

Ծ֣Ҳ⣬ǰͼֽ滭꣬չѧԾɿ

֮ǰ˵ԤԾֻػһƫⶼûУҲûʲôƵ壬һԾͻʮӣټӵļʱ䣬Ѿʮص̬ˡ

ָһССı󣬿һʱ䣬Ҳˡ

ĵӲһǰ

ٶôô죬ʦ̲סνε˵տڻʲôûӣһأһգۣô꽻ˣ

ԼҲǻѧʦһԾҲûôİ

νҡҡͷû˵

Ůʦһľӣͷβûһ©ȻһݽĴ

Ҳֻܸҡͷ̾Ϣˡ

ڶѧΣÿŵĿʱ䶼Сʱ

κôҪдô֣ڿﻹʮӣѧҲʮӾˣ飬ôŵСʱ͸ƨŻһԾˣһӶ

ʱŮʦϵı͸νһģһͷβдľ

ܣѧϰõľϾǣر죿

ʦۿžߵıԵˡ

쿼Ӣֻͬ˺̵ܶʱ䣬Сʱͳˡ

һţ߸˻صһ㶼ûиղμ꿼Եƣ²ŵ־ƽоһ·

Źžֹûסοô

һҲ⣬ٴαһĿܼ򵥣Ҫľߣ֡

Ӧöû˵һʮģ

־ƽֱӵת

ʦֺαضһأٴαѧĹ⻷ݺ˺ˡ

⻹˺顣

е־ƽƷǣ˵ͼֽ㶨ˣҹҹ

־ƽ

ô㶼ˣΪԼļ˴ȥֱߵͼֽ˵Żһ벻ôꣿ

ȴָһԼԴͷء

Ȼһּɵ̬ɿĿʼͼһдȥƺö룬͸ֱӳҲࡣ

̨ÿһϸڣѾӳ

Ҳ˵⼸ſԣ˳Ͱѵ־ƽĲﶼˣһ㾢

ʦ߹һʹܴͽܣοЩˣС

־ƽһľȻĿʦҾΣ˯һȥ

˵ξء

Źһסɵͽܣ˯ʲô˯ҹѻ꣡

ʦѹեͽܣɴ




58  58    

58
㱼, Ѿˡ

־ƽŴ⣬ͼѾľתǳתࡣ

ֻϧ, һϵİҹ, ټϸ߸ɵͶ, Ѿĺſˡ

Ŭһ, ǵֿסٻ, ۡ

ǻ̲סҸĻȡ

ڣ˯þˡ

ҲЩˡ

һϵĻͼͼԶҲ룬ȻܲͿ, ǵ׾סߵĲΪĴݲУͷżÿһϸŬ顣

Ժɲôҹˡţƿš

峿, ж, ʶۣ, ųŹ

Źǰ賿, ڼܲס˹ɵϢȥ˯ˡ

һȿľǾϵͼֽ

Ķˣϲʡ

ͷɣЩʵʰװʱ϶Ҫ, ǴѾˡ

Ϊ˻ͼֽ̨ͱǲ㲿ݽǣȥΪ׳ۡ

ʲôʱװŹǿ, Ȳˡ

Ϣɡһʱ嶯˸ҹԼҪ˯߲ܲ

ôһ룬ͦġ

ϵͼֽŹִһǷ߻ѧУ

֣ղŻòˣţˣȡ֮ǷһļС

ɴȥʳӣ¶ǣڰѿҪ췴ĳθ

Ա㣬˯ˡ

ǿߣһ·ϻвкֻϧʵûоӦֻҰλһƮ˻ȥ

պ;кŮ״һ㶣ôôòԤûðɣ

ܰɣԤôܷ

Ҳһ˵ǰһŻңһû˿ɵˡ

ҲǣҲ̫Ԥˣ˵ְ˸ϰԤء

˵Ҫû

Ů̲ס¶ֻı顣

ѧУȻߣҲ˶ָãŮͲְˣƽʱȻ˵ʲôҪ濼ˡһͦϲּ顣

Ƕ̶̰ʱ䣬ѧʹ˾Ϊ̫ԤԿ˵ϢĿ֮Ϊ̫Ĵڲٳϻһҹ

벻Щ˾ȻôԲ׳ŵңһײţ̱Լϲ붯ˡ

˶ڣѾŻſȥˣ˺üطû㣬ȥУء

ǿûоУŵȨҪƽʱѧУʦ׼

ϵȵʮ㻹˾ͻˣʱҲҲʦֻܰ˵

ãһŸôʱ򣬾ڻˣǿ̫õӡ

Ժ˵ϻͼȥˣ˸ҹ˯һᣬ˵

䣬ô˯ˣЬûüѡ

̾ҲΪûòһҹûڷһģкһ𣬰λүЬ˱ӣúðڴϣųȥ緹

̶һ·ϣ˶ǲǿˡ

˭߰ĺ˵أһţʵöˣᰵСڱúõأǻȲԼĿԳɼɣ

û뵽һְĽңһȺΧʡ

뷢𣬱סˡ

ֱǰͷˣԼԤô

һ㶣룺Ŀͦ׵ģӦû⡣

أһ

ҲͦõġһҲ˵

Ǿˣͷô򵥵Ŀ˵ûʲôѶȣҪľô

ҲǣԾˮƽֱûҲͨ

ôһ룬侲Цôôԡ

ְ˶Ծģͷ˿ɲһ

浣ĵģҲпЦģлˮ㣬ŷԼԤҲͨͲÿùġ

ҪǾͨ˵Ҳлְܽࣿ˳ҵ˻š

ֻϧǻ롣

һֱ˯硣

Ժʱһ˶ûУֻлƵĹڴϣէһЩǰڴﵱʦʱᡣ

ʱΪԼ޴Ϊ뿪ˣһȫİСɽ壬ݺһƬɽǰһչſݵ֦ɣ֦ϾͣһֻѻҲҵĳС

ÿƻʱҲĹ⾰įԼһˡ

һͻأĹ¶кȻϮͷ㱼䣬ǣԼѾˡ

ʱ⣬ŮЦȻű򿪣Ĺ˲ССҡ

ʱĵڶ

զզˣ˯һˣٲǾҪȥУҽˡ

Ȼ˯ôÿ϶˰ɣýʳϲǴСţҸһݣȳԣ˾Ͳóˡ

ŮҲȵĿѯʵģĵģֵġ

ΧůڵĻȫȪһ

Ҳǰģһˡ

ϲ

ЦӹݹɢǴСš

ѧУСųĹͷ٣Ľ֭׷ϣθŮܶ뷹

Ҳ⡣

һҸ£ҲǳһںθڵķˣȻĿڴϣһһ䣬ɢ졣

ǸδڳԶȥˡȻ롣

ϰʱ򣬾У˴ԣصְܵһ

ĽͣЦҡҡͷ⺢ӣôҲܰҹ

Уžû׻ָЩ㲵룬ֻʮĺӣǿǲһ㡣

ССԣһͨͨŮһѧϰ

УԼͻ޶˸пЩЦȤģ̨ݾ˵ȡͻԽչĴ

̨ڱ޺ˣʡ

һ㣬ҡҡͷѾ˾Ųʮˡ

ͼֽѾ±ҪĲҲͨ㣬һװȻ̨ѾµĻطʡ

һ룬Ҳ̲סڴ

Ȼ˵ҪϢ죬ǲ˯һ죬Ȳܡ

־ƽڴϺ˯ŹȴڹһĵУһʱ䣬ԭǶɢҵ󲿷Ѿƴװ¶Ϥ

ŹЦ˵ҪϢǶѾѵĻˣ飬˼һҲɡ

Ҫһءȥһ֡

ضӴĽ㲿ɣοҪСĵУ׼λãǾḻŹҲɡ

ǿǰĽȣѾæһˡ

ϹͷҲвסŹֺǺǵ˵Ҳڴ̨·õ찡

̨سŴһ𣬾ʹûڹת

ʱֻһһţֻΨԼӲӦá

Ź̨ʵЩĸп

ʱҲйԶıҪɾһҵ

ֻϧܳɼʱȴΪָԭ򣬱ˡ

ȵ±õʱȴѴӵݵͣӲôʹˣҲ䱿ˣƺֻǰʱгźΪǸ

Źģ޿κΡ

ڣһȥ̨ϵĳ·ãŹ˵ƺҲһ֤

֤ûϣлᣬ̨һҶλãһܹⷢȡ

ȻİĻȥɡ

һʱ䣬ŹԽԽһСģͰѴװòˡ

̲סЦʲô˵ģʱ򣬻ܵɽȥأһǺü죬Ҳۡ

ʱðòľƺӻ޾δһֵڴ

ڣŹãҲ

кܶء

ǰͷĶ˯һĵ־ƽҲˡ

Ĳ۾ŹǷ߽

Ȼ㶣Ȼʵ˯˼ˣ

ҪȻǫ̂Ѿװòˣ

ŹĶͽЦⶼʦһװģô

־ƽƴһʦĴָ

ŹЦʮ˵ʦ£СҪȫѧỹԶأ




59  59    Ͽ

59
°װУҪʱ, ֮ǰĲҲ˺üε޸ġ

ŹСͽÿ켦ɹͼ밲װԵĶ飬ֱĸ˳

Ź̲סп, ⺢Ӵ, ôôأ

ֵæµ, Ԥɼˡ

Ԥ, ֻ֣ͨͨͨĻϲ, ͨģҪô洹ᣬҪôĬĬ뿪

ʦְĳɼһ£÷, ֱ˵ǰ඼˰°֪ͨȥҾͲһһ, ҽʡʱ׼߿

ﰲһ˲, ȻɽĻ

ȫԱͨһ, ͺ;˵һģһ

ְ⻹żĴҵѧ, ָžûͨǻϣܲμְࡣ

Ļȴ׻ǵĻ롣

ְѧж࿪ģͷ˵ɫжҵ

ܾĴҵһ

ɼǵ̫ܲ, Ϊר϶רϣ

ôû뵽Ԥʧǰ㣬˸ͨĺ档

õ֪ͨ, Լ۾

ϻؿǿ꼶65ְֻ˲ôһ㣬ˣѧУְ⣬мܹģ

ʱ֮ǰĴԣ֮˵ԤûڲٳϷһҹ

ﲻ˿

꼶һԤûһ

˵ˣŮӾǲܼ棬ָԼһϹ

ʱѾȫǾ֮ǰֵĳɼˣ̲סʼ룬ְ࣬˴ѧҪǾٿϣǲȤء

󣬵ˣܻѧľ˳һʦĺ죿

ʱüգдѧҵطĸУʱʦ

ǳǺò⣬ò⡣

ԽԽ˷ܣ̲סʹյְĽſڣ̽ͷ̽ԵĵźϢ

ǵģȴְֻȫԱͨجġ

أ˵ûģվڴ߾һְѧʡ

Ǹѧһۣ񾭲ǶܹĿܹˡ

Ҳ֪ʲôʱ֣ججվڴ⣬ͷ֣˺þõĴ

γԼҲڷ

һѧ꣬ɼԽԽҲͰˣ˽꣬Ԥˡ

֮ǰãûʶԼѣǲͨǸ棬ͺһ̹ǵˮֱӽеĽڡ

ֵ꣬꣬ȥ

һߣ񺣵һϲصӡ

γǰŮĳţڲŷ֣ԭ˼ҲˣеԼСһ

γԳЦЦ

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ȤһÿϿε˳򣬻ʾɲǰϿεȥá

νĵͷ˵ֻҪӰ츴ϰȣô档

϶Ӱ죬ҾԼ֪ʶ㣬ÿζǵر졣ϲ̵˵

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ְýһָϰÿϾóһСʱǳѶȣȻڻϣһ©ȱһǳϵĹһݡ

˸ϰðԼ̻ˣһԼıڣȻ߿ѾǰϿε˻в١

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֪СɣЦҶû뵽

һУ˵ǾҪںЩ

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ڽкĸдˣ˶˵¾ǳʡ״Ԫȫ״Ԫȥġ

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ѶȱȾƵҪѡ

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һ츴ĵһƶ磬һι535ֵĸ߷֣кܶ಻ѧУѡ񣬵Ǹũרҵ

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ƶʮָмĵлصλϵʱֹֻסĶ

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ҪǾƶ룬ⱲӴŶƴѧıߡ

ѧڻ߾ãò׼ѧУ԰Ҳıı𣿡ʡ

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Ա山õѧˣ룬רҵĻ骴߷ͦѡ񡣡

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Ӧ׼ȷƫصģûУ˵һҿԱ֤

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һоϽʦߣУû˵̵ֳԣ˵ˣÿֶͦ׼ġ

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Ȼ󣬰ԭͨͨľȻͻ, ٺְ࣬ԼְһԱ, ߿ô벻ԼȻܹΪпʧжϵĴѧΡ

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壬Ҳͬƹ

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ȻʲôҪٻǮз󼸴ϼ۵㣬һȳΪڿвҵһʶԵҲУǷǳ΢

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һػѾ˼ʱôһʱĿ飬ʲô˷ѾѵıҪ

ĸ߾ȻֻۣǹûλǮòѣսӴ㣬а취

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ŹȻδҲ֪νڣֻ˶̶ʮֻ꣬ǱܾãҪȫѼҲҪ˰ɣ

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һֻܿٿѵãҵһ㣬Ǹһ㣬¶ȣﶼں

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ŹʧĵͷȻãֻسϣҲһ˲õͻˡ

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ųɶ޺õĻת˺üȦԾļ޲ڣȻֱšŶ䣬˵ҪʱĹǮ

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־ƽǸʵӣû뵽һ˻׬ôǮ400飬඼¹ʵʮˣ

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࣬ųɶܻĿСø׵˻ȥһ·ϰѾǿ죬þҲЦͣ

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ԴϼžùǸ

ΪѧҲȥһȺͷС̯ǮȻ׬ò٣˵ȥʵڶˡ

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ԴڼҲס˵˼䣬ͷߡ

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˵˵ȥ˵ԼˣҵùĶ

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ȻҲǰǮӦУÿ궼Ծһ޶Ӧÿ仯Ĵ١

У֮ǰеԥһæʹӦˣϾԺ׬ٶģôһλ߿ĴӦÿһԾѧУѧʣʵʵڵİ

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ڣһжڲݴڣĵһηֺ죬ҲһǧǮ

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ʱû˾þΪԿˣʮа˾žȥдȥˡ

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˵ϱŪ೦ѾԺˡ

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Ȼ˵೦£ʵԴڳһȥʡǵιۣǱ߾ǽһ೦ߣȻԴԴ⳦Ϊ׬㣬Ǽĳˣʡ˵ķ˲١

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ʵһֱ㳦Ĵ, 㳦ʷҲǧϣҲΪشﲩʳڶ, ټʳṹĹϵ, 㳦ķζȻ, ʽԼ, ҪԴͳΪڹʳеĵλ, Ҳһҹˡ

ŷޣ㳦˼ֱͲ֪ʲôˣ㳦Ҳ˻, ʳƳѬ, ͳ, Ѫ೦

ԷҲн, ֱӿըųԵһ, һ֣רģơƵģ˵, ܣ塣

˵Ӱ㳦ĵ¹㳦һǧٶ֣ϱǡȥǱιһ, Ӳһ㳦ĳߣԵСʱ䣬㳦£Ҳر¡

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˭֪õĻȻȵĵɴ۾ʲô㳦ǱǵĴһѵģ

ðɣҲѹֹô೦ߣÿӶûˡ

Ųſż꣬٣ܳ˸޼˶˽⣬ҪֱͨűипյĴ˵

ھǼʱҾǴ¥ߵͨ죬޺ͨϨ˶סڽСÿţ̣ⲻķҡ

ֳһָɱΣӰżĳȲ֪˳Եľţ̣󲻳㳦໹ܷô֡

ʵһ룬ϱӵľܳʱﲻҲһƵ뷨ֻǺǿˣ̫裬Щλõݲűһ״ơ

һһ˵㳦࣬ͬҲͬ㳦вͬƫãھûô򵥣óһСʼǱʼ

Ҳڿһֻ

ػˣųɶлеĹϵƴһ㳦豸ڵľ˵ûʲôѶȡ

һ㳦ߣҪ⣬ϣƣᣬԼװȹ

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ǣ豸ȫϲúͳڵҪҲǰ״

ųɶȻʣǰڶԹһֺ쳦ǲǸеҼǵõҲгӡ

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˵ۣǺȻһư԰ʮʮĴ棬ȳ

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ֻƶѣЦȳʹͳ㳦һʵһִֽ黯ͨ֬ϸСȵĿһָеԵĽ״ڸС

Ǻó𣿡һرص⡣

ӦûɣֻҪߵĻ

˵˾ϱǰȳѾΪ£ϷΪԵʳ

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ϱӣһγԵȳѾǰʮĩˣССһֵָĻȳը磬һۣζĽͷʳ֮һ

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һϱʧܹһأǹƷĽڹܵúϣѾͨˣƷ۶ȫͬʱڵĳңҲȱ˳ͨһϵм̵ľ

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ҦǿģҲ˵ֻ򵥵ĺ;һкһ߲˵ˡ

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ʱѾĬĬ׻̣㾮ٴҲֶг

Ȼ⽬Զֱһβϰװ㳦״ӻ

ЩνĻȳֱͽˮʽɱԺ󣬾ݾ˵Ϳֱʳˡ

һʱ䣬˭ҵһȥԡ

ƵĺɫϰװĤ⳦ͷ¶ȣĳֶĺȣȥǲ˷С

ְװǾųɶصҵģҲϱӾ˲ˣʡǵһϳҵҪİװòġ

ҶһЦŵˮһװĤ߱¶ɫҲɢŻмˡ

ɿ¼ΣԳ

Ϊ˸õܽеĵʣڸУҲӳڣȳһ㶼ƫ̣ʱͶǿȴ󣬿ζأ̶Ӧá

ǣǾе֡

ҦǰԹʽ㳦оֻȳĽ˼ңֶһỬˬĴУҲ˵Ǻûǻ

ܿͰһСػȳ¶ǣûûƷ˼Ҫһ

ϼ˿ˣҲ̲סҪһ

ζе֣Ҳ˵ѳԣͦرġ

Ҧȴͦϲֻȳζ

ʵôϲ⣬ǻȳڸˬִ㣬ϲãҦһԥҪҪҪһʱ򣬾ȴصЦ˵⻹ǻȳõĳԷ

Ȼȥʳý˻ڻȳϻ˼ͷڹ壬͵һ쳣ŨҵܿƮӡ

ͶԻȳ鲻ٵľʱ򶼲һ¿ˮ

⺬Ļȳ㰡




65  65    ľ

65
Ȼȳ潹, һȻȥӿ˱, ŨҵʳֱӴȥԶ

˵ûʶ̫öĹ, , ʷḻʲôȱС, һֿһ⽹ۿջ

ȻҲһֿˡ

Ҧ̲סһ, ˸ǺòȥԳƳԹ˺öųɶ۰ͰͶСǰ˻˻˺ü̵Ŀ¶, ò㡣

ʱʳҲ˹ڼʲô, ôôģ

ɴѸ, ȺŵĻȳȫ˳ʳõĴʦһ, һԡ

ȳ⿷ɶȥ, ը󣬻£ֱٴ, 硣

ʦŲӿ߿˺þˣʱҲ߸˵İӹһߣͿʼŷ仨, ȡóְֺö

ըĻȳ⽹ۣζֲ

ˮĻȳһ㣬رʣһַζ

˵˶ܲƹϳݫģȫͦ

Ŵգֻһ뷨⺬͵ĻȳӦó׹ʳ磡

ûཬһڸУûɢܵʵأ⺬85%⺬Ҳ50%Ļȳϸ壬۽£һַǳˬڵĴ໬С

ܳԵĶ

ʵ֤һӳɹϱĻȳһȻ̶һϣͳ˵ĳθˡ

żҲмүǱʾϲ⣬ò⾢Ҳˬ죬ֻϧǵûǣϾʱǮӿɶŮ

ҦصһŮСϲǲġ

Ȼȳе˼

Ȼ󣬾̸۸ˡ

⼸ֻ̨Ƴܱˣʵϣ˵׼Ѿвٴүܵ䶳䣬ҪǰԤĻȳˡ

ƣԥĳʱѾ׸ıע⡣

ҦϳɾųɶҲһͷС꣬˴˰棬̸˶

⼸ֱ̨£һԸһβߣҪÿߵĵβ볬100ҲǧȳĲ̸ļ۸ÿ̨ߣһԪ

֮ǰųɶѾ;ˣõĶ飬Ѳ࣬Ǿ̨ĥĶĥ;ĥ΢鷳⣬Ҳܼ򵥡

֮ǰѾˣ̨100ĻܳɱҲһҡ

Ҳ˵ôһת֣׬飡

ųɶǲǮǣż칦򰡣ϵ൹ü˵ˡ

ȻųɶҲһӲŵģԼ׬Ǯǿ˾

ѹҼͷ˵׬Ǯǰأǿˡųɶп

ȳ⣬ųɶѾ;Լˣ60%Ĺɷݣ40Ҫֳأ豸ԼۣҪṩ֧֡

ʵտʼųɶЩ˼Լռ˾ıˣǾ˵ܿҪȥѧˣʱû̫ľϣŰư͵˴ͷ

ˣ߿ɼʲôʱųɶʱò˵ûǸӦһߵȳɼһ˳׬һʴġ

̫Ӧÿ˰ɣŴֶһǮú档

֮׷ӵֻ˶𣬵ĿѾˣ֮ǰ̶õıֵǧ顣

ǮֱͶ볧ģųɶԼѾ׬˴ˣ˵ҲȱǮǮֱӴ˾

СĴٴͻ¸ߣĥţǲҪҵͶˡ



ͬʱʡǸ߿ľľһľʦƪҡͷԵĶ

Ա˽̲סЦϣֿϲ

ĵͷôǵţпɹۣƪ¡

ȻΣ˶һ֣ٵݸһʦнľ

ʦҲͷͬ˻ϵĸ֣ȻһԾύȥ

߿еֿɲܸģľʦԺ󣬻Ҫύľ鳤͸鳤ˣҪ˲ͨǾͶˡ

ľϿٻ֡

ӴһƪģǻϵģõԾľ鳤ɾһ

߿ľһģƪƪֻֿö̫࣬ԲŻнľؼ飬Աֵ֤Ĺƽ

һõƪ£鳤;ϲ

ƪֹ㣬Ŀ֮࣬ʦľҲǳѺá

һϸֻ˳ȫƪûһɣȴִɲֻô㣬δ

ĺ²֣ƪܵã

鳤Ҳԥĵͷͨ˵ˣ֮ǰʡ˵ҪǼƪƪȫƼȥ

Ǹ߿бܹעĴڣпΪдúñƸ¼ȡģҲ֪ѧŷô費Ҫ

ΪʡϵĽڣľ鳤ʱѾȲˡ

Ҫһ˼أ鳤˵

ǿ϶ܣ鳤ҡͷ⺢˵ŵڣûжĽ󣬿дôƯ¡

ľͿˣʱ֪ˡ鳤Ц

ѧҲͦġ

ԾͳԺ󣬷120֣ǣԾֱ͵ʡľǱߣһȷϡ

ŵĸ߿ľڼ

ѧľ飬ΪѧԾ棬ľʦҲǱϲӡ

Ƿ̫ͣԾĵ÷ֱּҲ̶á

ϲΪʵڹڲҲ̶ãհ׾٣ľ˲١

׽ľͳʦԾĶ˺ͳֹ

̾˳ְһС֣ȫհ׵ľӷȥһס

ϣԾȫǶԹСȫԣҲһûۡ

ɾϡˡ

ϸϸԾͷβֿһ飬ͼҳһ۷

ܿϧûС

õԾʱ׽վһ飬ּԼѧϵҵڼˮƽĸаָʦҪڹ涨ʱõ֣Ҳǲ

Ŀ㹻ӱִȫֱӵˮƽıԾãԾҲ㻨СʱȿԹ涨ʱ仹˰Сʱ

ο߿ϣûӵ̬

ڣһŽȱԾȴǰ

棬ּƮݣӦǸŮΪʡİʦ׽ԴҲ벻ʡﻹôһŮ

Ҳûˮƽ

ˮƽøӦǼ򵥵İɣ֣ôûˣ׽պɵҡҡͷʾʵ벻ס

벻ҲͲˣչ涨ԾԾ͵ľǱһȷϣԷʲô©

Ծͱ涨ȥ

ĹҲУ˶Ը߷ֺ͵ͷԾٴȷϣҪԾֳ飬ԼԾ̶

鳤ϣһݼƯԾ

иɻ̱ľĴ𰸻Ҫϸ£Ҳһ©

ǵʵⶼˣʵһ˿֤Ҳȱ

ǣ仹ע⵽һ¡

һԾΪҲȥƪܳ޵ģпѧͬʱıʼҲ¡

ԾƺҲǳͬһѧ֣֮

ԥ䣬ȻǱ߸ѧ˵ʦ˵ѧֵԾʼЩϤǸдĵĿġ

ϻЦѧ˵رܼĶû첻ǻ˵˵ˣһٷϵĹƶû

ǣ϶һˣƪдôƯѧ֣ܵҿû˵ʡš

һʾľʦֲ²Υˡ

°û˵ˡ

ȵϢʱ򣬻ѧ鳤˽Ÿ鳤˵Լ֮ǰҲһݻѧ־ּžһӦһдġ

鳤ָͷģѧѧȫ֣ѧ˲ð

ɲֹѧ鳤˵˵ӢҲ֣Ͳһˡ

鳤һ㶣ҪҲ

ȫ֣⼸ľӣ˵ûˣû˵

ʡҪݺݳһˣ϶ȫ״Ԫ˰ɣ˵

һĸ߿Ծȫͳһ⣬ʡԶ¼ȡߣϸ˵صǿȫ״Ԫ

ǣȫ֣㲻صǿҲעȫĹע

ôһ״Ԫ̫ˡ

ѧ鳤ȴȻָָͷɲһԸи״Ԫð

ˮʡ߿ľ鳤Ǹ̫ãȴȰǰ˶ǿˣƽϲ˵Ŀͷ躹޲ҪͷˣҪ͵źá

ôһ˵Ĵ£ʡľָ˼ȣβܳ¹ʣֳʲôӡ

ôһȫֳ˶ãǸͷ˵Ծǳ׵׵Ĵˡ

Ҫָ۸һ֣ԸԸ⣿ѧ鳤ʡ

ҿ϶ͬ⡣鳤ԥҡͷ

Ҳǣѧ鳤翴鳤Ǹ̵СµģһֶӦۡ

ĺӢİ鳤°̫ͣǿ۲۷֣֮䡣

Ȼڶһ磬ǸԾȫ˳һԣȫ֡

鳤ͺȫԱиƵ鳤һͷᡣ

ʲô۵ģø־͸֣һֶۣ鳤һӣֱӵ£۷ֱּǿģ

ʱѾϨ˰ѧģǱľߵģһˡ

ĿĿľʦҲͷʾͬ

Ҳ˵ѧľӱȲοдöϸ£ҲʵûпԿ۷ֵĵط

ʦֱ˵ҷҲһ⣬ֻ֡

Ӣ鳤

Ӣ鳤ͷСǸĴѧʱҲ˫һ̯ӢĶܵˣҿɲ˼ķ֡

鳤ʮͣϵȴ߰ʮũƵģһ֡

ۿҲ۾󣬴ʱŵģʱʱЦһϺ˵ģ

Ȼ³뷨Ҳ£ô˵ô˵˲

˭֪鳤Цеģʣôѧķ֣

˶һϡ

ˣǵĻҲˣѧȻˮƽǴҲ£ľҪβˣҼӼͣȡƯƯ°׵鳤վһȦˣҷģúܣҲͬˣ躹޵ʱѾȥҪģѧľһ㣬׷֣ҲҪŹһΪ׵˲š

ȻͲ̫ȴЩǵˣڵ뿪˻ҡ

˶һĬȻ

鳤Ȼ̣ǸԸɵϺˣҲĬĬס˲ˣڳҲûеܹݵġ

鳤ĨһС֮ģȾ֮ˡ

˶˼Ц



ԼıŤ

һûڵһЦƤ˵ͣһűģƤڵĺӣʱʱ濴ٺٵЦ

Ҹ˵С治ͷ߸أ߶շţ⼸·ҲˣţҲˣɽô˵һðɣýſɵȰ裬ǼŮҲʮˣɽﶼϹˣҪиƾؼҿɻŮҪ˵ҲԥˣϿ¶ؼ׳Сӣ˼ҿɲأ

ĸǸصصɽ︾ˣʶ࣬ƢҲƣûʲô

ýŵĻҲúеɿ档

ȴûôƭϵʲôţͷӣǿŮģ߸ŮأΪ˵ޣǼŮ˿ǹ׵ġ

Ҳôƣֻһ˵һҪϴѧģôͽ顣

Ӵҵɵýק֣ɽɴûһѧǳ˲ʸϵģ˵ˣ濼ϴѧҲһҪˣѧҪɣʮϹļ޲ȥˣ

ؼǸеҲͷʮżˣǲŮȢΪӣʱʲô

İְɫһֱӸˣ˵ҹŮҪѧģûϣҲܼȥǼұ̣

Ȼ˴Ŷһ𶪳š

ýűˣţֱɽιһŷӦŽıȴɽߣҲˤȣǹǱˣǼסһӵˣ

סһҲ𣡡İְ⻰ǲȻŭſڵıⵣֱӳȥˣǱźŮסûѪ

Ȱˣĸȴַ˳ýſ⼸õýţˣҲźö˰ɣ

˵ģĿˡ

İְֻϵͲݵ£ûҲٸһ꣬ƾʲôɽ˾˴ѧӾͲаˡ

תͷֶ˵Ժýţø£ֱӸϳȥǣӵŮɲܼЩ

̲סЦ迴ȥȴԵø

ΪɽﺱĸȻһ㣬Χʮ˴壬ȻǶε࿴֮ǰǸýȻˣתͷ˸ýţǴŴ峤ϵţܵǸ󣬻Ǵ峤ֶӡ

ؾĸ׶˼˼ˣֻѹ峤ֶôôá

š֣Ա߽ŵĿŸĸ

峤ǱĳȰŮ޾飬Ժ󲻻˼ҼҵˣҪǴӦŮֶӶףǼҸٿĲǮ㲻ǻҲ͵ȥҲǽǼҵļ

תͷֶ˵үһ仰˲ô˽ֹ㵽Ѿ㹻御ˣҲ׵ʱˣ˵ˣ޸ֶӣҲʲô¡

洹ͷˮۿתѩ׵ݽҧŴһԡ

ʱİְ̾壬֪ҲǺ⣬ǸӣҵֵҲ᲻õǰ̡

峤ڰ֣˵㻹׼һȰŮ˲;һҪһ꣬úõĻһĹҪϰײˣҲûҪ˷ǮǮϣԺĶ

˵ˣֿһ۱ϵ棬㿴⸽ӣʲôʱ˵ϴѧģ޶ɣŮ޾͸ҪˣѽʵʵͲҪǸˡ

Ҫ濼أͲסʵ

峤һ壺ǿ˼飬˵ˣŮӵһ㶼ûˣ

Ҫ濼أִŵʵ

峤ЦһҪܵϴѧ峤ģʱ򹧹ſڣϹأ




66  66    ״Ԫ

66
߿ľڽβ, Ѿȫ꣬ʣµľ֣, ȷߡ

һľʡһʦ, ͷ, ͼͬл

˵״ԪѾȷ, Ǹ֣ĥ, ѧУҲûôһﰡݺݵĳһ̡

ԾɲףһͬתͷʽʦǲѧУǸ

ӦҲûˮƽ, һأҲ˵׼ʦ˵

֣ɲǳ, ʡһеʦҡҡͷ, ˣűϾټ, ǱƷ߸Ҫ, Ҳ֪ѧУܿ϶ٸѧ

Ը׼һ㡣һʦҲ̾

߿ľʽĵ죬Ͱεķ˳

߶ǰ¼ȡģж٣ĳɼǱƷ, ӦģררķҲôġ

˶һʱǮ

ߣĿ-430֣-406

רߣĿ-362֣-331

רߣĿ-330, -307

ķ߱ȥɵ˲١

ѧ̫ˣЩ˵0أͱˡ

״ԪķǶ٣Ҳó˰ɣҲʡ

ֹһᣬβڵ߳һŸŷ⡣

߸æһʱ״Ԫķȥ

ֻҪûгʲôţÿĸ߿ɷʵͦĵģмǸȤע㣬ҲǸ߿״Ԫˡ

Ĺ߹ʱ״ԪķҲ֮һû֣Ҫ¼ȡʽʼʱ֪

Σ״ԪǶٷְʶλεļߣֱʵ

һȣһûأǸӣʲôڵģֻŷ⣬ȻһָСĵİŷķ˺һűֽ

ɼĵһۣȻסˡ

ΰֽĿ˺þã֪ԸļߣʱҲЩͷˡ

ôɼ𣿡ʡ

ȴ绰ȷ¡ε̵ģжٶȴһתͻ˰칫ң˳ֹš

ͷЩ֮۾Ѿ˲

дˣ

״Ԫķˣ

þıˡ

ֹ˶ʮӣ칫ҵŲű´򿪡

״ԪķʲôˣοԸ˵˵һϳȥ

οһû⣬Ҹղֻȥ˶һ¡

ΪʲôҪ˶ԣʲôԾĵط𣿡һʡ

ЩΨ²ҵļһһγֽֿһڹαʡĿ߷ֺ߷֣Ŀƣ615֣ơ

΢ͣһ£710֡

Ⱥһը˹˶Ȳĸȷϣʲô710֣ǲˣӷǶ٣

Ҳֳܿмӷ֣Ҳ̫˵㡣

εȺ΢һ㣬ż˵ûӷ֣㿼710ѾԾκ˲ˣȷʵûп۷

ʱ߿Ѿ˼ӷߣҪԵϵѧɲԼرԱ

ȺٴκȻʲʲôˣټתͷͳر磬׼ذϢȥ

Ҳв˻ڵǰδе״Ԫ˭ܲܵõһƪרá

ʡһеΰͽĶӺ㶼пܣиţҼǵΰԤʱͿ˵һ֣˵ˡ

ԤʲôѶȣһ˲ͬ⣬Ҳ˵еĿ

ʡʲôˮƽֲǲ֪ʦʡмѧУˮƽûϣ˵֡Ҳ̫ˡ

ˮʡǴͳĽʡǰܵĳ̫󣬵һĽܵ˺ܴӰ죬ҲΪƣʡһҶ״

ˮƽܳȫ״Ԫһ˷

˻Ҳǣȫ϶Ҳһ˰ɡ

ǰҲһؿѶôߣҿɲŻܳüġ

ǣѧǴðġ˶ڲ¡

˵ڰ߻ˣʡһеĽ̵εһĵľǱƷߡ

406ֵıߣһ̫ˣط߹׼־ԸӦⲻ󡣡

תۿʡһУϹŹֵɫֵôˣ

ʡһкͽǴͳУʡĳɼһܽУɫѿҲʵټ

״Ԫķˣ710֡

̵ξóһ710֣

ţУһ࣬˵㿼֣ûӷ֡

ΰɿϼӷҲ670ءΰкüһҪȥӷִ֣Ҳ630ҡ

ǱҲܣôһλǴðģ

УҲֻҡͷ

˭֪ôأȻܳôһ߷ֳ

ΰ˵״ԪķԺҲ˺þá

ⲻܣĵһӦ

Ծôֳܿ

Ѿȫˣ

еõϢٶȱʡ΢һ㣬ǵڶ죬ձҲ˽ĸ߿ߣԼ״Ԫķ

һϣ۾Ӵ׼͡

ʱڳ״Ӹ߿Ӱ˳Ǹѧ߿Ҳ̫ľƺҲһƴ֮

Ȼűֽпɲˣһ״Ԫ710֣Ǳ༭ʧӡİɣ

Ķ۵һȫ˳ȥ

ިҲϢٿԼĹ֡еٵÿ

Ȼǰ֪￴һ仰㿼90ʵֻô࣬ѧԿһ٣Ծֻô֡

͡еᡭ

״Ԫʮа˾ţǾ˰ɡ롣

ʡʽ߿ɼѧУ¼ȡ֪ͨ飬Ҳʼ˳򷢷š

ߵһʱӿ죬֪״ԪĵֺѧУ

˵˵עǰδֵѧϣоǵļ߸ϹҲ֪״Ԫ

ѧ

ѧУ֣ڳһĬȻ

أǽеµģ

ƾʡѧҲû˰ôͻȻðģ

ҿǸŮɲˣȫ״ԪȻǸŮģ

һʱ䣬˶ʣ˭



ǸţʡĲԸӰʦ˵ǸϽĳƱȥȥ

ôˣӰʦʡ

˸߿״ԪҪǸҪһƪɷã˵ǵıֽҪתءҰĲ˵

ӰʦЦ߿״Ԫÿ궼УһһҲ㲻ϡ档

ɲһȫһ״Ԫ

Ӱʦһ㶣ʣмӷְɣ

صҡͷǣ㿼֣״Ԫ÷710

ǲˡ

ʡѾɷùü״ԪˣֵĲ٣ȫ֡Ӱʦ룬ȫûй

죬ſԣҪӴʵ֪ʶҪһŴࡣ

οǴѧԾرѣʦò˸߷ֵ

Ӱʦɣʣѧʡĸѧģ

Ƕ˵״ԪǽеģǸؼѧѧѧУҲײϴˡ̾Ϣ

ؼѧӰʦһ㶡



нίʱҲը˹

г˸ʡ״Ԫֵôĺóɼ

ʡ״ԪǿǲˣިǹܣҲ˰ɣ巼нίİ칫ϰ࣬һϾͬۡ

ͬǰ칫ҵˣϢ㣬˵г˸ʡ״ԪҲй⣺û˵״Ԫ챨ֽϴȫıˡ

巼ᣬ׼칫ҵůˮˮʱůˮһʱȴסˣûע⣬ǡѧľ

ɲͬ»ЦҲ֪Ϊʲôûǳɼǣ˵ҲǿϧȥǴΰ㻹ǵòҪμӣҲȫûһζûš

ǣ巼¶ǿЦ

һ˵֣巼иƵġ

ûͼԶȥҲȫΪԶǸСã巼ãеְĸҲǸܸˣе㿴ϼԶǼңˣʲôó鳹ѣҲͷˡ

ǲɷϣվǷֵĵ

Ǹʡ״ԪȻܲζ

ͬ»ЦԱ˵ѧУҪѧѧУûҲûʲôҪɣҲѹˣͷȫ֣˦һأˣ˵ܸʦϿˣϻعʱһƼľأͦġ

Ծкü֣ҸҺҲһףҪ߶ˣҲ֪òáһͬҲ˵

˵ＸѧУľӣֶڴ˵ǻкüûüأѽڳʡ״Ԫӻ˰

°͸ϿѾӶȥ㣬˵Ҫϻˣͬ¼æ˵

Ҫȥ˵ȫأһ֪Ҫȵʲôʱ򡣡

巼Ѿ˳ۣһƬľȻĬĬȥˮˮȥˡ

ͬʱձ硣

ѧǸԶ˷ܵ˵ҵȻʶұãʱһԹģ

ĸĸְصصĹ˳ձϱ༭ɿСϿʼǡ

ѽǸǰɼʵͦһģϻعʱ˵˵һͺ⣬Ǹ߿ʡ״ԪԶŵҡҡͷҲ̫ˡ

дһƪɷø壬Ǽݣ͸һˣʱҲһϼ˵

ԶȻһԸ⣬ձ粻ãûгɹڱֽйأ

ʱ򣬲Ҳϡ

״ԪĵһƪȲɷø壬ĸ߲Ҫ٣

ΪͷҲƴˣ

һߣسǵĳϣԶɵ澮ˣ˳ϼ˵˲ٹھ¡

ϵǸ̫õؼѧ߶ѧĩͻȻͻ𣬴һԾ꼶һȻʱ򣬸ǿƿ֣Ϊȫеһ

ĿȼֱֱϷб

ĸ߲ϲôʵĹ£

ϼߵıֽԽдԽ죬һڸһ߶ʱɼһ㣬ȴΪֱܵ׷Ϊʡ״Ԫ־£ҲԽ



ŰͶӵĹϵֵúܽ

⺢ӵᣬȻһŮ˼ҽ飬Ű˵˼ʵڻŮܲסͶӷˣӷԹԼϡ

Ű̾ڵ˿湻µģŷҵŮĵ㲻ãԼŵԣǸڶѧϧô˼ңǸͷֵŮ

ҪԼɷ򼶱𹻸ߣŮԼأҲ֪ɵϹʲô

Ű̯̾˼ﰢ̸͹ıֽ

ˣո߿꣬ѹﶼǸ߿ϢţÿӴӷ

ŰԶһЦֽŮӿ˲ã߿֣ܵҾ˵ˣҪ飬гϢĺء

ľڲϣһţ̣ϵıֽЦһ

ʲôЦģŰǺϸģʵҪҲߣΨһҪĻ̶Ҫƥ䣬ֹ˼ͥĺӣ»иãԺۣ˵ȥҪ۵ġ

Цһ£Ҫ״Ԫ֣Ͳˣ

ǵȻŰͷһŵڳģȻһ

ȻЦ

Ű񱻶һææվôˣǲﲻȥҽ

ˣıĸ˵ҷѾҺˣͰȥ

ôôģͷСûչ㣬Ǻ׻ָˣֺαؼȥȥǸŮɣɸ㡭

ģҺ;Ѿ׷ˣޱĿĸһۣУǸտĸ߿״ԪǾµãǸνۡ

ȻͷҲصˡ



һѷӿ˵֪ȥæȥˣ˵Ҫĩܻء

æǰѧ˵ѧһְ֪࣬ôһ£ܸȤʡ

ǳǵϣǱһһеȥģ˵ȥ

һĪ

ǲɷø߿״Ԫôͻ䣬ɷöȻ˹ļС֡

Ȼ󣬼Ǿϲ˵ʳƷ޺˻Ų̄еĻȳĹ¡

Ĺ˶Թűܵкͺ棬ʣʲôȳܴȥ𣿡

ҦмɷԼҵߵȻǳӭˬİ˽Ӵ̡

طͦ󣬵ʱֻ֮ǰ̨УΪ˸ʱ䣬ĵÿֻǳ͹Ӧˣɴ൹ÿҲܳǧȳ

Ҳͽ˳˳һʣܣŵĹ

ҦоʮʧǣĻȳò̫ãﶥҲͳ⼸ʣ϶Ҳὥ

һʱ䣬ԼһµߣЩڡ

ʱɷãҦȻͲðȳҲ;ϵ˵ܲһѸ߿ȶȡ

˵ˣҲͿǸŵСѹе⼸̨ڴûм豸ʮа˾Ǿġ

ڼ̨ǰתһȦ˼գҦְС

ǹڵһ̨ȳߣ֮ǰֻ˲ܳĺöҲһԡҦе˵

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ԿеıܷӦɡ

ңȻۣ䰡

ܼ߲һĸҲûõȥԵ϶ۣ˲˼ĶЦЦæ͵͵ɾǡ

׼뿪ʱҦܶµĸÿ˸˶ʮȳֻҪһڱǳĻȳһдͲ׷ѡ

ʱҲȥļˣֻϧҲҲˡ

ǰձļԶϼǵһϵģ˵Ůĳɼ˸֮࣬ԼԶĲɷôЩη壬ɴ˼٣㵽ͷȥˡ

ûҲûʲôýܲɷõģҪҲ治֪˵ʲô

Χھӵǲһȶȡ

ֿ侮СǸӣ˵ѧϰرŬǰС˵Ҳó˵ˣֱ֤ʮȫʮܡ

ʣ˵Ǹ߶ѧڳɼͻͽģǾʲôر𣿡

һھӶһۣһʱ䲻֪ôش

ʲôرĹ𣿡߷ǳȤʡ

µҲûʲô¡иԥţȻһžֱӴ˹ŤŤĿ˼һۣ˵ǸԭҵСŮѣôﻹвٹ£벻Ǯ

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˶һ㶡

ʱ֮ûкΨ²ңûҲҪ³޳ܾͷͻȻðԳƾǰѵС컹еӦ

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ȵɷϣɴͰǸƹĲɷ˺ˣˣдһʶ˷ѡ

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ѧ͸Ҷһؼѧӡ࣬˵Ľѧ¥׽ʵңһѾͲֻ̫ΨһǸٳӣշ޹ȥ

ѧĸУ˵⣬ԾǸֳޣüֱҪˡ

мע⵽һϸڣְǾȫ̸ģĳɼôأ

⻰УӵˣȫԱͨߡ

мһ˵ְʮѧȫϱˣ

ɲһѧеĳɼ

УֱӰѸշȺĳɼóһ64߷־ǾͷҲ417֣ʡѧ

ӣ˶ֱӳССĳɼ

߿״ԪѾ㹻Щ߰ѱʸд÷ˣһȫѧϴѧָ߿״ԪǼֱֱը

һⱳжٹ˵˷ܵᶼҪˣʼԼ±ǵĸ󱨿תصĻԻʱ̡

ְѧҲȫǵһɷĿꡣ



ƫƧСɽϢȴûô촫

¿Ű峵ɽС·ϣ峵ŵǴɽǸӹĶмϼļ

վڴڵϣһ˾ʣүûҵ¼ȡ֪ͨ飿

۾һۣЦҴѾ컹ûУȥɡ

ʧ̾һ

߻ؼҵʱ򣬴ϼͯƨɣ׷ͷЦﻹ߰㲻֪˭ĸҥҴѾ룬ҴѾ޲ȥӴһſͳϹ

պ޵תһСʯӾյǺӵķӹȥ

ȺƤӷȻЦһɢһܣһ߻߰ĸ衣

صңĸ׿̾ҲƲֵģ

峤ڴǾԵȨ˭±СЬģ

һͷĬĬԼߡ

ȷԼܿϣȻƵ

濼ˣͣʱֲ϶ܵöϸеġ϶˵

ɽﺺӶŮã̾ϣ֪ͨ龡쵽ɣ˵ѧУҲԲɼˣȥʡ

صĵͷ

ʱܵܺȻһܣϴУ㣬㣬¼ȡ֪ͨ飡ˣ

۾һſڳ塣

Ǳٶȸģĸס

ĸ״һ̣ͰѶϵĶ˹

Сѧûҵʶֲ࣬ʶͷ֡

롭룿۹ŮѧУˣиȥѧˣ˻˷ܼ϶÷ϡ

ûʲôʶɽ˵ֵĴѧ˵山öࡣ

ûãʼҴŮǳϢˣҪǵȥˡ

һ峤Ц棬ֳſڡ

ʱڸŬͣѧУȻرʵҲһĴѧѣԺķչҲô͵ʲô١

ֵֿģ˵Ĵѧÿ¶вüﻨһǮܵóɼĸҪ飬ѧҪǲ취ϡ

ʱ򣬴峤߽ݣӻҴŮҲòǫ飬ĴѧԺ󲻶ǰ϶ĹٶǮҲõģǴѵܳһѧ·Ǵ϶պˣָԺҪ˴

⸱еģǰֱˡ

ѽ㿴ԣ峤վűϣֺǺǵЦϻҿ˵ˣҪܿϴѧүҿҪϹףصģ

䣬ڴ߸ϣûκ˸׵ϴ峤һһСŮǰ

ĴѧעĹҸɲ֮ӣ˭Ը׵

οǾǵĴѧ֣ɽʵ۶ѣȻо޴

ᣬ뵽Ժ˻Ҫڴסæ߹ȥסϴ峤ĸ첲үôˣЦأľϹҿɵ𡣡

𵱵ԺҪ峤ЦǴĽʮ綼ĽĶ϶ԶԶȲϡ

ȷʵʱĸܿһѧͷ嶼ֱ١



֪ԼɼʱڶԻ

ųɶ˸߲ҵűֽţƴˣȫ״Ԫ߿֣ÿһݱֽ϶Ϣ

ȻĿһۣӹųɶıֽ

ֻͷͷԺܴƪдţȫ״Ԫȫֱ山ѧ¼ȡ

Ȼ˳־ͰѱֽԱߵϡ

ųɶÿǹģΧת˰죬ʣôûˣ

Ԥ֮У˵Ҳϰˡ˵رǷ⡣

ųɶֺƤĻݺˣҲֻĴָʾԼʰ·硣

ô˵żֽƪ̲סЦǡ

ȫ״Ԫء

æ깤һؼҵʱ򣬾ǱʢƸŵˡ

ﵽźʣ͸һȳҲȡ˸ֽ״Ԫ˵úܲʡ˹Ҧĵһ仰ǹϲ״ԪǴҪߣҲ״Ԫܻӭ̶ˡ

ټ߻˵ˣϻȳһΧ׷ղɷãÿ߿ľ̲סˣڳһȦͶĸȥˡ

û뵽һȥֵ͵Ǳߵϼߵ

Զ˼ЦߵȺþˣרá



ڸĸ㶼ס˼ѼķϣҲûʲôܾ

Ϊдö״ԪĵһƪȲɷãϼǰ׼˺ܾá

ôû뵽¿״Ԫôơ

Ϊʲô߶ɼͻȻãΪѧϰС

ʲôУϼʡ

ϵĶϼߵ۾⣬ܽɣˢ⣬ֻҪȷ࣬˭ԳΪ߷ֿһ״ԪԸѧʵ⣬ԵѵӦЧܲ

ϼߣ

˵һְ࣬ʵôǵģĵԼĳɼ𣿡

ȫҪģҲһ״ԪЧʵ֤һϵаѶȵݽԾзǳõĳЧ

ãƲԾ档

ϼ߹תƻ⣺˵㱻山ѧĵԶרҵ¼ȡһŮ̫ϲѡרҵ㵱ʱʲôأ

¶ЦΪһֱϲʵڻеҲкǿҵȤˣҸݹоչһ׵Ļȳߣ״ԪѾɹͶгֻȳ㳦еƣǿڸۻ

ϼߣ

ֻһƪ״ԪȲɷã˭֪λֱ˹壬ʱֻݺݵˤӣһ䣺ܲܺˣ

þҲû̫֣λǱȽϣϼõҪĵһϡ

ΨһҪ󣬾һ״Ԫ״ԪϼߺͱһȳֱҦɴ󷽶ˡ

ʱıչأоֲͬ͵ĻȳܵζʹСָȫصĳ̶أ

Ĺ棬Ȼǲðײá




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ͷһ, ȼڶ߹ˣŸһ

˿˶̲סЦôҫ飬ʲôöģҦǼҵ¿ɰ״Ԫȥ, һǵøȥҪ, ǼҸǸ, ؿɳ˲Сķͷ, ܲɷã֪ĻΪҹŮأ

ĸ׺ܺЦⲻǵԼͬ־˵

ʲôõĵ, ǸĵھЦڿȫ״Ԫ˵һ仰Ҳ϶, ˵Ҹ״¥ǸԴ࣬ÿȵ, ſڱտھ˵ǰСϱ, ҪǮֻϧҲûĸ

£ĸһŭˡ

, Ҧ, ǼһҲȥˣôؼʱǼƻأھæ͵

ѹ֣ػʱûϼǰ, Ӷ徲˲١

ؿôõĳɼֱӽٿǮ״ԪҲˣȳ߲Žһ, ָЩλɴһӣ˵ѧ糧Ҳˣڴʳڣʱ˾ˣ

˸ȫ״ԪǼ궼ѵһε飬һҲܽȻû˸ҷԡ

統ϣʳԭСͱˣĴΧʳǱҲȫæϾӵܣͬʱҲǽصĽ

ļѣѧʦͬѧϼҴڶˣʳӰڲˣļ͸ɴԼҵӹԲΰʣʳöڵ˳ſڣҼҲ˭϶Ц

۸٣ϯǿ׬٣ͼһϲ죬˵ͷǳˣҶҲǸæ˴ѣѲ˶١

Ȼ֮ǰ˵ˣű˵Ŀޣ۵Ŀ⿴ţصľʱ̲סƮƮȻ

ֹһᣬ쵼ˣǸǰͨŵĽί쵼ΰҲˡ

ԭĺα༭͹ֵĸֳ׷֣һʶ˼ҲǹѼ䣬ָȥˡ

ΰ;˵䡣

ҵյͶʱ򣬿벻죬ΰҡͷ̲̾סЦˣҿ״Ԫˮƽ൱ߣôԺ׼׼ʦһȥ

룺ڻкܶ飬ٹ꣬ʱĻҿܻǻص̨ٴѧ

ΰЦҾڴǸʱˣʱľͲǸǴѧоˡ

ҲֵĸЦ

׷ûʲôĿģҪΪ˴߸壬һ⣬С˵ʲôʱܷ

׷ֵŮҲһˣҲھϴѧȾ죬÷żٻؼң߸軹ߣһر־뾮ǩ˵ǰѧͬѧġ

ͬѧرϲĹ£۾Ź˵ֻҪµڣǶԻ򣬴۰Ͱ͵ĵſ¹ء

ϧĶߣķӦҲֻ΢ЦϾ֮ǰʵ̫æˣûʱдں棬׼ͻͻȳ߹еĵúúˢƪأҲҪķѲʱ䡣

ðҲûйھھʦ飬СѧãʼΪѧĵȥˡ

⹫Ҳˣ˼ȽŶ̫㣬Ǿ˳ӴרŽӹģһĻоľ˾һҺСһңҲųɶְһҪȻһ˻治

ÿ˵϶Ц澮ĳɼеԺСر𽾰˵ǰڶ֪ˣĽңʦصʹңôģҪҵĳɼôܽô졣

˶Ц˵ǸС˾˳һԼдҶ֪رˡ

СѾͷıӣ̵ȥ

棬Ҧ𣬻н񺣣ƶ磬޺ȵҲˣ˼˵⼸ӶǴѧ̾Ҳпģʱ˱ֽûпš

Ŀ⣬ɸӾ졣

Űڵѧ񲻵ͣо⣬ͼһԵþˣЩ˺ȵøˣʹչȰƣ˵ϴѧʸȾˣĴӣһ

ֻϧϲƾζԥľܾȰơ

˻ǸǾʮ˴Զݣ⣬žž

˿ˣȰ˴ȴˣžƾʼãҲ̫ˣŮģŮôȱôˣҪ׿ڳŮ˾ǲˣⱭҲҪˡ

ӹǱƣתֱ˵ϣŮҺȲȾ޹أ͵ϲѣҲŮƾվô˸ҵأ˵ұˡ

ǿԼģɲǿһĳͷƾպġ

ѹмһˣںҲ͸̸ϸӡ

뷢裬ԱߵһˣҲûƼ

ųɶϴЦǣȵĺȣȵĲȣⲻͦõбµ˲ǿźȾȥģϲȵҲˣЩϲƵģƷһУ

Ȼӣ˸߸һ˲ָ糣˭ǵһϾƹء

ѧĸУҲЦ߸˵Ⱥﴩ

Ҳ˷ϲ¾ˬѧôõĳɼͷûɿ˿ѧУľѣҪѽѧ¥巭һ£ﻹߣ˵Ҫѧص㽨ȡȫ״ԪĶ磬úô֪

УСƣֻˡ

ĻдһеУѧУĳɼȻѧѹˣǽ״Ԫͷ״Ԫǳ˳ȫĲοϣܲأгϾͱ˺ü֣ӡ˲֪ٴΣȻΪʱ̫ǮֻûУҲ̶֪ʱ䣬ƾķֺ죬׬ľ͵ֵϺüԪˡ

ҲΪѷָģҪȻУҪò׼ºϲϹˡ

ǰζûʡĴ󿨳רҪ״Ԫȥġ

ҦȻҲˣ

ŮǵĴѧ״ԪҲһӱɽλⳡϯﻨѲ٣Ҳÿģ

ĵģžǾˡ

ôΧŵèιۣ۰



¼ȡ֪ͨһģȼĵѧУȻת

ŷⲻͷһᱡԵ÷ʮ¼ȡ֪ͨ滹ŶѧУרҵļ򵥽ܣԼѧע

ͬѧУ¼ȡϢϵ  ӿѧ뼼רҵѧϰֱ֪ͨһŰXУ֪ͨ飬һһİͷֶһ飬ַȥĿſţ̲סЦ

ĸĸ̼ԶרҵףŮԺǸʲôġ

룬˵Ժʦִ

İְһЦǰҲأû뵽뵹ǱŮ̳ˡ

軹е㵣ģòҪܴɣЩ㿸

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ǾͺǾͺáŰ

ԺֿʼľԶŵ⡣

ǿǾǰǧˮʳһŮϰߡ

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οĸףû£ѧü˶˾ǵѧУҸһߣ·ϻӦţõġ

˵ûѧϴѧѧ˺óһŹٰ

У˿ɴУſȫ˺ɫĴ۵λþǾȫ״Ԫ山ѧ滹ľǲƴ󣬰ᰵľʦ񺣵ľһ˶֪ѧ֣ϱʡõˮѧģҲкü

ôһһģһĳƮѧУΧǽϣϲѧ߿ݱƵУѧӾȫ״Ԫһ64ˣ¼ȡȫʡڶȫеһ

޵ĳУӲӵĴ֣˵Ķ

˵дźӾģطͣһ½ţָЩ׽ֵߺӶĺô

һʱ֮䣬ԸúӼе˼ң˲˲١

žǰɡ

ǻһСˣȴȫͬһ硣

γ뿪ѧУԺ󣬾һʱ߿ɼǼ죬ﵽ˵֣ȴ޲ֱӰѶϣְԺڵԼ̫֪õĻᡣ

Ҳһ

żĹϵʳƷӰװϵĹÿɻɵͷۻǸԼƲİᰣȴڸ߸˵׼ȥϴѧ

ǿǾǰܹ࣬עģϿ϶ȫǸĻˣԱˣط׵öࡣ

һ뵽ԺҲеһȴʵûˣֻһľļ

ڵİᰣѾײһˡ

еְѧѧҲںڡ

ֻϧҲˡ



ָųɶһ׻ȳ»ͼֽȥʡǡ

Ŵѧ֮ǰٷƪģֱߵĲοޣˣʡˮѧͼⷽϱȽȫ

ųɶҲҪȥһʡǣͿųӰѾˡ

ˣ⼸סģųɶʡ

סѧдɣϻסһΣһ㣬ǻͦġ˵

׷ӸҲԶųɶ˵Ҳǻװ޺ҲûȥֱӾס

Ҫ˸Լʡǻһ׷ˡ

ŶͷЦҲʱæˣһˣˣ׷װ޻˶Ǯһûء

˵ʲôųɶһ˦֣ʲôϵ˵ˣӿҲ׬˲ǮװʮףҲҪǮ

еĸмһֱŴ֮ǰ

Ȼͳ״סˡ

ôƷζɣģԺ·ӵװ޸綼ˣ֤סø߸ˣɡųɶ˵

ˣͰ͵˵㣬Ÿװİɣ

˵ʮˣǰףŶ̤ȥ

ԭˬˬһŴݶȫ˺ػŻƵİߣȥ˲СһȦӰ˲ɹ⡣

ǻڻǶ鲣Ƭʯذ壬컨صĵΧװһȦɫ̽յƣм仹һ򣬾͸ϵ˹мǸ޴Ĳʵһģһųɶѵ˳ִ򿪣ͷʮɫĴתʹҲ裬Щ鲣Ƭ˲

ôɣʱеװޣȫˡ

ֻãͷΡ

ʹܹ𣿡ʡ

ȻԣչƣǲʹƣԺžţճճͦİɡųɶ˼أͿ˸˸޺ƺͰ׳ƽ˸˾øˡ

ԲʵŲֱͨĹֻĬĬ²ۡ

ֻⷿסһϣʵܲ˹ڻڵķĬĬ˳ȥ

ųɶͦ⣺ⷿλúãʡҲԶԼķӣôдסɣ

û˼˵û˯š

׼˯ʱһСľ˲ʵƣȻͷĿѣذСķųɶûнܵعܣ˺þòŰȺħĲʵƳɹϡ

Ȼ󣬾ͳʧˡ

ڴϣĵֻһ£׷ӣóȥ

ֱӱ

ųɶϾǺ⣬Ҳֻ̫Լ˦ƹ񵱵̫ףһС˵

ʵҲ֪ͦװ޷ֻųɶ˹ֵĿűΣϰ˼ԼľһǧһӦ

ϵһҪĽѵԺΣҲԼװ޷ˣ

°ʡдŻҰ׻Щǽ棬ֻ÷ܰ

Ϊ˳ʡͼݣרſ֤ģһչŹ֤д˾;ȵ̧ͷһۣǾ

ñûˣûʲô䶯ЦЦֻ˵ͬͬգôȥˡ

ǿдԱŰɵģҲ֪ûгɹƭȥ

ķ¥һܼ򵥵һңϻظһסĲ࣬һССϴңͷŸľӣˮƿ

򵥵һ£ȥͼݡ

ʡͼݣӦȫʡȫģеרҵʡĴͳǿвصĿͷҲģϣܹ赽ڿȻ࣬ʡҲѵˡ

Ϊ˽赽ڿר飬ʸڿҡ

ȥʱͷˣһŮԶֽʣƺڳ¼һڿϵݡ

⿴˼һۣȻ;ֱߵԱóԼĽ֤мڿơ

ԱֵĿİŮѧһۣһֻܽһ껹ٻҪı

һ£һ

ԱһۣҡҡͷȥˣǱߣǿܽ裬һɡ

ߵĶ㣬ǸŮվ߹һ۾鵥;ϲЦҲǻеϵģôǰû㣿ⱾҲſ㻹һĽʸҪҪٽһƴһ£һ𿴣

ָָ鵥ϵһ

룬ͷͬˡ

һ֮²֪⼸˶ʡоͬһʦΪһĿͷͺС

Ա鵥ܿҵĿ־ݸͱ黹ܴҡ

̫һ𿴣־Ҳ졣ǸŮ˵

֣ͼݲܸӡ𣿡

ǸҪǮ̫ˣڶϲֳŮǸ죬žǵӷȥһʣˣ˵㲻ѧУģĸλģʲôϣҲ԰ҡ

˵һȻһ㣿ҵˣ



˭

ھǰֽŲõ裺Ұ㻹ǵòϻҲͼݣһ⣬־Ͱǽˣǲǵã

˰죬ŴӼ﷭¡

ǣһǵãЦʱڷְ֪֪дˡ

ǰǵĴæƼ˵ǺѧУ˺þãôҲ㣬ĸڰ

ˮƽɲǰŮǱʶͰо²ǲĸŵʦȥĿѧԲһֱҲš

ҸˣѧУġԱǸŮﾮ

ǾѹˣƻȻ򣬡˵ôѧУҲأˣĸʦǲǺѧУĿģ

ʡĹ̾ߵͼĥ˵ǸУĸʦһġ

û뵽Ȼҡҡͷ

ĸѧУģŮҲʵ

ԥһ£山ģһûȥ

ſϵоЦתһ룬־òԣԲôûȥѧУ

ЦЦûͣǼѧɫҲ˺ɣŮû滰̫ص

ҲںôģǸϵӢڿָָһȸҷⱾ뿴û뿴ҵġ

ȻԣȻЩɣŮ˵㻰ֱӰڳ¼Ǳڿ˹ȥͷѧӢģǿЩ׼ȥٶרҵʵ俴

תͷֵ˺һۣͿôѴʵ䶼ˡ

Ʋ˼ͷɵЦҪģȥٿҲһ

˻죬һԵΰȴע⵽ڿú档

Ӣﻹ̽ʡ

ţСͷһҳ

֮ǰ׵ʱ򣬾ͿùһƪһֱܸȤԵġ

Ҳãʡҵ뿴ڡ

־ڿҲڳ¼ģɷɿĶһۡ

е˼ˡ

ʡӢõǸϽڣ˼оŷѧģԼڵĶɣԻеȻץϹ

ǵĵʦڣеһĹȻӢİʯֻεĴѧŴʵһУеðģ⡣

ǰľȴ࣬͸ƵģüĽֻǲװ

ƿһλͬѧƪǶúܳмܸܲһ£

Ѿ򵥵ɨƪģǻȥϸоǷڿͷȻû⣬Ȿܲܽȥӡһ£ȥϸ

һ㶡

ѧУĸӡҪǮġ˵

ҲĸУ쵼µԲй涨ӡڿҪǮһҳֽҪһǮһƪģҳҪİɣһ£Ǯûˡ

Ȼоÿ30ǮĲȱһǴҶǽԼ˵ˣһС˶ֻҪһǮܴˣǮʱζ᲻ûˡ

ŮȴɵЦһ£ǻͦ˵ģȥӡһ£ʲôǴһʾǡ

ֻľľͷͿŮڿõ˹ԱǱߣˢֱӸӡ˶ʮҳֽȻ˳ֵǮȥ

ĲԼǮһĻ˻̲סһ¡

ȵʱ򣬿ǵ׻ĳƱŮ˵ôǮԼһء

ȴҡҡͷ̫˷ʱˣûҪ

ֶһۣĽѹȥ

Ȼ󣬺һȽϼ򵥵Ļе൥⡣

ɨһۣھͽ˳

һ㶣ϵҲ˲˷

ŮָһζԻеṹ䣬̾Ҫô⡣

ǼӢﶼ̫ãڵˮƽҲĶӢ׵ʱ򾭳󣬸ǵĹ˲鷳

һ£˵ʵרҵױһӢС˵׶Ϊ˱׼ȷرϲñ̬Ҳûʲôӵ޴ǣסɾܶͨˡ

Ȼ󣬾ϸϸһλһߡ

ǣһλ񰡣˵۾ˡ

Ȼ󣬾һ綼û׵ȵзʱ򣬺ر뾮һȥѧУʳóԡ

ѧУ״ԪһƲˣ״Ԫ֪ɣʡһ˸˲õ״Ԫ˵״Ԫģһ𳴣óԵòˣǹһ㣬ѧرϲ㣬˵ͣҲУѧóʡ



Ҳܺ棬ȥͳڰʵĲˣôΪʡƵġ

ʳߵʱǸŮͻȻӦˣһûʲôأҽͮǻежѧ

ҽкƣһʦ

Ҳǣҽΰ

һ£ҽо

ԴӸ߿ɼʡѾ˲֪˲Ҳ⣬ǲûзӦЦĸͦɵģøʡһ߿״Ԫͬ

ҡ

ϻЦǺܿ죬Цˡ

Ǹ״Ԫ

ѹӢôã

ǲ԰л̻еģ

ðΣ˲ų׽ʵ

Ȼܿô߷ֵĶһˣҶеʱǻпרÿĿҪˡͮ̾

ɲǣҵܿʡ󣬼ҹ̣Ǹ״ԪٶأҲ˵

ȻΰʣĿƼӢѧûʲôϣ

ҲһΧ

ԼҲû뵽ѵõʡһˣпӢΣˣǵʦϣ

оҲ˾Ĵæҵ˲ҪϣȻ˼ڿΣҲûôʱ䡣

Ȱռòˣͮʾ˻ûأռЩʲôȥ山ǱߵױѧУɶˡ

׼ǰдƪġ˵

Ƽѵĳһǣ׼һ¹ⷢģڹڵڿϣ

⵹һ˵ͨľٶҲͦ

óƼĵ˼ֱëǣʵʵѹѧɹܽõһһˣвֱӰѹĵԼоȻҲܻѱ֡

Ͼʵ̫ˣ˳һƪӢ׵˲Ŷȱ

ǣҡҡͷиоɹһԹڿ

ʵҲò̫׼ԼܱܲǵڿãǷ¶ҪһԣҪһأ

Ͼ֮ǰæôõĳɹûзһƪڿףףܾȱ˵ʲô

һסˡ

˵оԷҲİ˶ڵʦָ£ڹڵȨڿϷģɼõΰƪˣɼѾ㹻Уһо

ǣŸ߿꣬״ԪҲôͿǷĵ°ɣ

Ҫ֪оģ͸еʱ򱳹ʽĿȫһ

߿ǻѧѧϰоģҪȴоߵĴܲڷǰûзֵ֪ʶǰûоŬĿꡣ

ҪﵽĿ꣬˵һ¶ıСˣЩоҲײ㣬Ŭ

һ͵ȥģ99%ˡ

ֻ1%ˣлԽķ⡣

˲֪ǲǸٷ֮һԼⱲǱˡ

ͮͰ͵˵͵ĳɹҪɲͣһССǺѷģҪǿĿٸա

ǰΰҲȰڿرûڹڵڿ£˼Ҵ󲿷ʱ򿴶ÿڲŸбҵҲüڹڷƪשҲ

ʵԼ׼ߵ·ߣֻǹڵשȻ̫Ӣˮƽֺޣʼûгɹͻǵż

˭֪Ȼ赭д˵ڹѾˣһƪǰ¾ͷڡеҵϢˡ

ڸյ֪Ժ󣬻Լо΢еˣڳϢˡ

ⱾڿǹڵĶڿˣֻΰⱾڿϲһѹ䶼䲻ϡ

Ǹ㷢ƪģǼƻ΢СڴϣҲһȥĶ

Ǿһۣĸ˴𰸣Ȼһ֮ǰƪˮƽһ㣬ֻһƪѡ

һˮƽһ㣬

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ȷʵʵʵ˵

֮ǰƪ΢ԪϢ, ֻǶԼѧϰһܽᣬӴػŷƪĵط, Լ༭Ҳǿܽûķ, ¼õİɡ

ֺ, ָϡ

ѧ, ǽʵ˵

Ͷļڿΰʡ

𣺡AWACɣⱾԷӢ˱ȽѺá

ΰһ£ȫǡ

Ӽ΢Ӽ, Ӱֻ0.25Ϊ˵ש

SCIڿӰӷΪĸǰ5%һ, ǹʶڿǰ20%Ƕǰ50%, ʣµĶ, ڿıƸҲεݼ

ʮ󣬹Ѿʼڶˢ, һҲܵ, ǰʮһӰӵ͵ý΢ӢڿһѧУı

ûʡĽڣҲһһƪӢڿҪͶ⡣

ʵӢڿС˵ͶҲ˶, һҪλĳɼһƪ˳ˣһƪͶʱ͸ףǸ֪ڳ˱ȫо߶עĳɹ, ǶڿҲһŸԼ塣

ǲôķӢҽͶ壬ԵľȻӺޣѧλ͵ѧļĹȥ༭᲻ῴ˵ʱ򣬴Ψһ³Ͱ

ѾڱSCI¼ڿϷĵģʱѧٺͽվ˲λãʸ񱻿ǼĸڵרҽͬͨзĻᡣ

֮ǰ˵SCIΰһֻͷӬҲ࣬ڵ·˵ƣˮ˿˴

ƽʱЩľګ챿ӣֱӰɽͷŮԺӢĿָ㲻ʱԻҪôľôģ

ΪһƪSCIӵģҪˣֻ뱧ȡ

̲סЦ̽һ¿ԣ̸ָϣԼҲûгɹء

϶ܳɹģΰر϶˵

ʦϣΰûֶSCIڰյĸо

һʱѾ˼ѧʵ˼׼оҵԺ룬ǶԴ˵еSCIȻ˺棬˺Щ⣬Ҳĵһһ

ѧͲǱ쳵ǹ͵ĴڣҲһϲ˽

𻨣𻨱ŷϣ

ʡоȻе¶棬ǱˣΰϿеоʣרرҪ

ҪɲǱ壬ѧȻųΪĿѧ겻ⲫ

ҪڲпѧȦɼ츳ͲҪȱһɡ

ͦΰЩʣҲ˼䣬ΰҲǸ֪ʶȤģÿһͰѾϲ͵дĴҲһ˿þѧûǰһѵʦѧĴ

ΰڣдԱеζˡ

쾮иŮԱͺĴչǸоŮѰɣãǲʲôѱ˵ĺð취Ҳڴڸ¡

գգ۾ϵǣǲϵ

ŮԱŲţƭˣҪϵĸ˻ԸŮôڵģ

Ҳǣʦϵʼ硣

ãΰܶûעеĻŮġ

ڴо߶ԣֻĺоɹ׷Ŀꡣ

ΰ޸ĵò࣬Ͷ˳ȥĳҲѾ彨ɣֻҪĲˡ

𶥼ѧţԼѧ츳һ㣬ǷڵϢͻеѧܹˡ

ȻܷԼƣһƪĵѧ֤㹻ȷһӷ

ػ巢װó߼⡷һı⣬ΰ̲סһ¡

Ȳ˵ʲô֪Ǻųƹҵػûۼдˡ

ӴػСʡ

ţͷһ̨档

Ҫ֪ǵسģΰҪĸ߲쵼Ůˡ

Ǳ˵Ů쵼ˣҲһ̨ʮϰػ߰ɣ

һ·ӴΰܾԼ۶˻ʽĸı䡪νŵƻɡ

ΰһӣĸֻͣһ̨ϵĶѣϵͳõĻǾܺͼɵ·ά޵ʱ˳оһػ˼·Բܾͳ߼дһƪĳ

ΰֻܼѵĳһǣоԼܵĴˡ

ʲôʱѧPLCʡ

PLCǿɱ߼ʵһרڹҵƵļ٣һ׶ıԣҪ˵ҲڣǿԭʼĵڶЩصľܺͼɵ·ͼȥƵΰǲ롣

ͣ˵粻ء

ŵԻ·˴Զ޷⡣

ô˵һʽɣһƪдˡ

һȻʡѸ˳ȥ

ȻǵȻظˡ

ͨŸӶƣҪ֪춼Ҫˣʱ򣬴յظҲ

һڿԻؼˡ

ΰͨŷʽŵԺ󻹼ϵ˻ؽеĳ

ʱųɶѾȥˣߵʱһ£ﾮ׽žͷ۵ķ˳ȥˡ

ⷿһ򸾣ųɶǷǳֳ͡Ϣ뷨Ҳʾⲻܡ

ȥ۸񲢲ߣǾҲں档

δķֵĴͷ

ʡǵ鶼׵Ժ󣬾ڻص

һξȥǵĻƱ˹ƱרŰģʱѵ򵽵ԳƱ

ְ࿼Ͼǵһˣᰣ棬񺣺ƶ磬Լһȥǣּһ׸ֳŮǾʦѧѧӦΣŴҺúùһ䡣

ѧУıʱ䶼࣬ݰ˵ѧУҲԶѧԺ·ѧԺ·ϣҪڿ㣬гһܺüѧУ

Լ˳ʱ䣬ҾͿʼﾮѧˡ

ѧ¼ȡ֪ͨ˵ѧУṩͻƷҲԵѧУ̵򣬵ǾĸܾͷĶĺãҲҲ

ŶѳСɽһң̾˵ôණҲòˣ𳵵ʱ򷴶鷳ĸŲ鲻ԸĸŮһ𣬰Ѱٷ֮ʮĶ˳

һãͼĿ

ⴲ޻ǵޣ϶ѧУĸűӣͼŮⱻ

û£Ҹ˷ֺ죬ҪǾѧУĲȥһǡ

ЦⱻִֺҪ·ɡ

ҲòţѧУﶼסᣬֲܿùȥҲ˷ѡְ

ôõ⣬͸ʦҲĸ̾

ƵĻˮͷư裬µģ˱ر֤һϣֻ·һڻϿԳԵĹͷͻȳһС˪

⻹Ǿĸ˵Ǹصðӹġ

ʹô㶫ĹŹŮССһңίȻͷһ̲סĨᡣ

߹ȥȵı壺ֻҪװۼңͲùµ˵ˣԺھ˷Ͱȫӹȥʱٶʹ٣רŽӰѶȫ˹ȥ

ĸתΪЦɵѾͷǸûǮ

û£Ůر׬ǮЦġ

ĸ̾ԺǾˣʱǱ߳ɼӣСҶ˲أǹȥҲûطסడӵʱҹȥæ

裬»أʵԻĹѹûаȤǵȻֱӶ˵Щֻ˵ģԺһĺԺر֣˵Ͱְֻн㣬˾˺СǼҶҲס¡

ĸЦһ³Ů׼УҾ͵ҹŮĸˣ

ǰ죬УֹˣȥصģҲҴ˵ֻž֣Ҹ˽ܵĵط˵

ԴǽݣȻ󿴵ԼǷ״Ԫķֺ죬Ҳݺݵһ

ôôģȵʡ

״Ԫ̫ˣУѹ˵һʣҲΪ˽Եرѡ

Ǯãﶼ˲ȷ

Уԥһ£˵ûģǮǸѣǣǿȥ˵㣬˵Щ֪ĴңҲõͦ࣬Υ档

ϵĴǮ֪һ״ԪëǮ˲40ݳȥô𣿡

УЦ׾ӷ˺üѶȣֲһֻһݵģ˵ˣкöʡĳӹӻȥǵ״Ԫ״Ԫͷǳ׵׵ˡ

״ԪԳľӣ״Ԫֽгȥֱ쾭壬˳׬

ţѧУоҲ׬һʣԹһˡ

ֻʱķֺ죬˵ҪȥѧУڼӽʱ͸㣬һʱ仹У˵ͷѾ͵͵ӡǵľȥģ۸񻹱˲٣ҹͻǮҲԽԽˡУ˵Ҳ˵һʧ

Ͼôһʾ޿Ҳ˵Ǹǻ

ڵİȨ죬Ҳֵ֪淺ĵʱˣ˵û£ǲǻкüûгҵǰԺҲ¾ӳԺľһҪ۵λӡ״Ԫı־עӡˢͷǹܲˣǰһĶֵأһõ֡

ģһеУôǵصĵͷߣйǱѾкˣ͵ӡԾóģ϶ܣǿϧôгʵڹ˲ˡ

ͷǽегҲСˣͷгҲܳ׷붼ٸΪԼĳɼҲںһģȵ״ԪĿڱɱҲˣЩȻͳɲ򡣡

УͷǣеþǵǸ

ʵǮҲе֡

Ͼ֪ԺķչԼôһǮǲţǾã֮ǰЩǮûȥأһӽôǮǮѹ˲˲١

Ǯ̫ûطҲʵһ˷յ鰡̾һ




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Сɽ, ̫һɽͱŨŨĺڰƣֻһյ͵ƣζŻ򰵵Ĺ⡣

ݵż, Զҹɫеɽ, һЦһᷢ, ĸ͵Ʊ, ץʱŮɷ·İɵײЬ

ʮĵܵܺͰûߣԽļ뿪ᡣ

Ķ, һʰˣܵܵͷָͣ˵ҵĸϰϻбʼǶ, ѧУҲ˽ѧ˵ѧﻹвֻܰĶ, õǮ¡

ܵͷ, ԺһҲҪȥ

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ĸ׵ͷ, źǵ̲ͯͯסЦ, Ҳű̴ԣɽĺӾҪ־һɳɽúóͷأ

Ŀ˳Ÿ׵ĻҲͶԶɽɽǸ硣

뿪Сɽʱ, Ѿسǵķ˺ܾãǣָһɻԻ

֣󲻳ʲôĳ



سûͨ, Ҫȥǣϳ

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֮ǰ״Ԫĵ绰Ҳ챻˴ˣȫغЩҵλҪ󹺻ȳߣֻϧĲޣΪģųɶæýŲŵأ޲һ˵á

æʱ仹ҪģõһϴѧζҪһ̣ųɶ˲٣ǿӾȣתͷһۣǮǵؽ󣬿үҲ࣬ǿɲƣ

̲סЦһ򿪴ۣϵЦ˻ȥ

һôǮʽò˰ɣҷ飬ǮڳӪ¡ϵĴۣе֡

ʮǮ޷ľ޿

Ҳû뵽̤Ԫĵżôʲģͷʮ

û£ųɶڰ֣ڳﶼȸǮٽѹǮȥǣ¶ҪǮû

ĸоžһϳģʱһôһǮЩ֪롣

⣬ⶼ40ԪˣǮɣĸСʡ

ųɶһ֣õģûֽ˵üǰǸɵӹһ׬ϰأֻҪϷϹ棬ҿǺ֧Щҵģ

ѾڼΪҵҵųɶظĵ죺˵ˣǮŮõõģҪһϵرĵأڣڳǮ͹

Ҫ㣬Ǯһ׬һҪ飬ûʱһֱųӡ

ųɶЦǣ֮ܶǴҶƣԺ󰡣ֻԽԽã

§ĸ׵ĸ첲þһСӣ㿴Ҿ˵Ǯˡ

ĸȴһѰѾĴۺϣŮĿڴС㣡˶Ʋ¶ףôǮǶøߡ

ֶԼɷʹŮţôǮǧͷ˵ҪȻ֪鷳أ

˶Щţͷ

תͷֶԾ˵ǮԼ׬ģôԼǱϾǮ̫ˣôôãԼҪи³̣ԺȥѧĸҲˣʲô¶ֻܿԼǮͷҲǽ֡

Ҳû뵽ǵǸĸףһǮǰѵģЦĿĸϣ˵ģǮѾôˡ

ȻתͷĽžͥΧųɶ˵磬Ծ첻Ϥ֪֪ĺԺܲŶǮ

ųɶǺһЦⲻˣи׼洫ԺأǮ㹻ˡ

۾һ

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ڻվѧļͷ

Ƥϵ԰һĸλãĸŮһһͬѧĺĸɲɽװڴﻹһֱʡ

ԳƱҪôߣҪôйϵɲһȺϳЩ棬һ֮˵ȥѧԭŵɫɺͻ

˵ﻹдȫ״Ԫ˳סˣƤƶͽȥ˸ڰᡣ

õԳᣬСҲޣɲʶ״ԪķɣͨˣƶͽҲ˼ȫŮĵطֻ˵ʲô¾ȥڽǣҲȥˡ

ŮѴӼĸʳ˳ᰵĶ࣬ʲôͷǹСģһӣǻȳųɶϳʱһ䣬ͷû²Ʒ˵뼸λѧĲƷ

ǸָɻмѬãȻпýСɣҰ˸ɣ⻹óԡ

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Ҳйһԣкòڣ׼ĻǸͱǴһ飬˻ǺúһٴͣЦֳֻþ͸ȥҰƵģȫûҵ

Ա㣬ڴϣŻॵŴɿ˵ԭҰҲ̲ס¶ڴЦ

ʱ򣬴Ҷ˯ˣһŮȻóţǲҲȥѧѧ

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һᣬĵҲ˹رǾȴѡһҪѧŴѧ֮ǰǴθ߿ѧԾµӰʵ̫ˡ

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һʱ䣬üڳﶼƮζ

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ܺ棬ԼܲĮ߰ĳУӮýս

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Ķ˵ĺԺ

εȫ״ԪһŹ׾ƤпˣһɽװԵøȺС꣬۾, 

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Ȼֶ˸СӸæӹ֮ǰųɶԼҵķɹ˪֮ĻƷ

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ҪǶųɶΣΪԼҪһΣȻȥˡ

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Ĵӳֻؿһ󷭽˺þòŻ

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ǷӣлռˣǰŻҲûʰͷ߰ġ׾ͷ˽ȥ

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ǳã칫ĵط鿴߰ļõǣﻹɢҵķżʽİ칫ȫ˳һ۾ܿͷֽм

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طҪʡ

ԭΪһͨһСԺӣǰҪǷ󣬴Ŷﱣλˡ

ʷ̰ɣԭʲôסģʡ

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ǺɣΪʲôôŰԺ

һֱĹ׾¶һЦ׼ˣǮء

һ죬˵УĺԺȥƴľˣ

ųɶѣҲĿ˵ԺԺӦֵͦǮģ˵Ϸٱء

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㵽ҪҪҪ۾׾ͷʡ

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ȻҪˣҲų嶯ȥصķȷ˹׾ȷʵĺԺĲȨˣҲûʲôףҪ׼ḳ̌ͬǸǮˡ

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һܸԺӲʹ

ڣҲȷʵûʲôõİ취ˡ

绰ɫ磬˳־ʹ˸ġ

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ҲչȻӳóһҩࣺɹˣӦЧ

Ȼóֻɹ˪ѵǰǵͿɹڵЧȻһ㣬ܷɹˣŰɡ

ЩԴѧ¶˲ͬΪѵ׼ɹ˪ɹõҩ඼ųɶԼŪģɹ˪ڲңŪĽڻ

ɹ˵ĸҩȻúöˣֺ濴һСӣȴȵĿͷȫӢĸ

İѶ뻹ⶫ˰ɣ

ûһУƤɹŰɡ˵

ʲôʲôһкϵҲʡ

ǰҶԺϵĪȴ۵飬Ҫ˭иݣյĻһ˶ĽĶ

ãȫҪȯ

ӹҵˣĿֱ뵽˹

ɺǴԺģãԶһĻƹƬչǷɹ˪Ūģ̵궼ûš

̵ͨҪȯģŪȯݺͱµ

һѰæġЦ

㻹ûжģȯ򣬱֤Կɺ˵

ȯͦģصؿ˿ɺĶ

ڲͨǹĽ㣬Ȼȯʹá

ȯôɴˣ𣬲ģҲȯڸص̵ϸ򲻵ĺö

ȻȯҵĶһʴ5.4ң˽Ǽ30%Ҳһյ

ȯģէһЩֻдйһȯ֣ɺһһǮһǮǴµƱӡ

˺ָ˼˻ȥҡҡͷҲ˼͵ģ֪Ǯж࣬һþǡ

ųɶһʮ֧ɹ˪ԭòء

ҿɲ˼ռˣɺǸˣ룺ȾѵҴȥ̵һ䣬ûʲô򡣡

ν˵ɡ

ûôɹҲ̫󣬶û˼辮ķɹ˪ã籾Ҳ뻹ǾϺںںһģһҪݡ

ܻݣҲٿˣÿ϶ʵʵͿ÷ɹ˪淴ӦС˲١

Уѧϰ񣬿Ž̹׾ٵĶ飬öŮ̲סֵ̾Լӱʾˣϧôѧᡣ

ҪɶıӣߣëһߣˢһߣЬһߣ̹ÿҪ飬ﲻľҪ۷֡

Щ˵򵥣һעͿܿ۷֣۵Ļ֣Ҳиֻÿ켦ɹĸ鷴ս

˾ѵĵ죬˵ʹĶʮͽоˡ

һʿҪ20ĸأһȺ޸֮ѧķϣ̹ٻǴ󷢶£ȥǵĸء

ǼˣȻһηǳʹг̡

һ㳣онٶȴ4-5ÿСʱ20Ҫ4-5Сʱϵߡ

Ծϰڽҵѧ˵ܲɡ

ȴһ⡣

ƽʱܲϰߣʺãҲǿоʱɣһֻɵС¹㴩ſɵľѵҲԵøƯɡ

һᣬмİ༶֡

˦һβϢġ

ʹһɰŵʣ˵󷽷㶼Ťȴ֪ΪʲôȺ̲סԲλ

ǸƯŮͬɿԶһȻʧ̾Ǹ״Ԫû뵽ôƯ

ȺӽӴͲ׷˵ģ߿һʱôҶĦȭƣһλٰѳһ

ôһ㻹رƯŮԺɶǴ޲ñɿĿȸھǰúҫһѣעźá

ֻϧγ;УȺ˵޷ʵˡ

տʼŴ󲿶ߣǵҶʼʱȴԽԽɡ

ߵ̣Ůˣ̹³£ҪŲסѧسϢ˶˳ҲʾŲסˣƤŮһ

ʱ򣬾ĲѾüҪ

ԼʵҲͦԼȻôá

ǰڸеʱΪ̫࣬һҲܰͷңһΣҲһСʱһѡ

ʱȷʵۣҲû뵽ôš

·ӵ޾ľôòꡣ

һǸ˵ֱĽ̹ٺ棬һյ㡣

տʼ̹ٻźɵ̬ɢһȺ߲ߣģͷֲ̫Ծˡ

иŮʼսĸô˦ɣƺԼһҲģ

Ȼ˾ĬĬıˡ

ǽ̹ټ٣ϣȻͼԽջǱʤһĽ̹˦΢һյ㡣

̹㱣ס棬͵͵һŮȴһκûг

С治

ֻ̹ǰԸпѵȴѾ޹⡣

һЩԭھǰչչĹȸǱÿҪˡ

Ůô£ˣô˻Ҫã

ӴԺ󣬾ǰ徻˲١




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;Ժʵ, 山ÿѵıĿҲڴһڡ

ûʲôʶѧСս̹ٵĽһһ۵, ׼, ǿ۶ʱ, 󲿷ﻹǻ̲סһ

Ͼ, ڳǰҲûӴⰡ

Ҳûкõȥ

ԤиĺľкݺײļϣʱƤѾ, ӵҲѰûгɼ֪ǲǷɵԶȥˡ

ԱһЦ˼£תͷԱ˵Ҿ˵ˣⶫһŮòס

ĬĿһ, û˵ֻСĵĵһƣɿĿʼֵ켣ݡ

һӺ, ٴο۶

ߺ, ʮаģԱԶĽ̹ٸ˵

ޱ, ο۶

Ȼʮ

ʱ, ΢΢𴽣Ǹһۣ뿪̨

Լǿеĳɼ̲סĬĬһ²ӡ

Ů, 湻ţƵġ

൫ʵľѵһ۾͹ȥˡ

һ߾ѵĻʽжӣĿں, һɹڵ֤Щûȡ

ĻʽϻбݣڵѡǾȭʮ˾ŮƯ䣬һȭĿ

վڶһŵǰ˽ý£ʣǸ

ŭ罭⡣ٿ̨ϣи˺Ȼһʫ

ϵһ㶣ʣСΣôͻȻʼϲŴʫˣ

ĬЦתͷֻижѣʦλѧУҪһ⡭

Ļʽϻᡣ

ǸԿԵģžֱӸѧ̹ȫһȦЦ壬֮ǰǸ̹ʱҲ׷ѧһЦɤӳһ׾衣

Цųţ̲סˣӯӯĻۣ˺ܾöһĻ

ڶʱ򣬾ʶ´ȥѵȻѵѾ׽ˣѵҲѾȥ

ʧ̾

ʽѧĵһ죬Ժϵѧԡ

Ը߿ȫһԷʽôôݣôô

ͼһʦģѧᣬȺƽʱǿ׳֮ӺúøһѶ̵ȥëԹ

ϢϵĿԿĿֻ࣬

֮ǰ˵ѧԹѣʡ״Ԫ̸ڸ˴ʴʣʲôµģ࣬˵Ҫ˼

ĸ߿ѧҲ˸߷ֻ֣һˣԴ˵Ǹ״ԪԼҲһרҵģúñȱȡ

һõѧԾɵˡ

ûѡûգֻм⣬򵥴ֱֽϣ˶ѧԵơ

һϸ⡭ֱޡ

ЩǰûнӴֻǼ򵥿Ĺʽ

ʦͦģĿϰЩѧʮа˾ûѧ¸¹ʽעһˣǰĿͨѧרҵоҪӺþõͷ⼸Ŀ˵ûж⣬Ҳû˻š

ֵĹʽ˹ʽ˹п˹ʽһڴ˵֣ͺ˲֪ٽѧԴëĹʽһѶȵѧ⾫İװ֪ηĴһǰ¶΢Ц

̸һͱסˡ

ֵ֪бҲˣΪʲôҪһ˫ߣʺбһˣΪʲôҪֵ任ȥ㲻Լˣ

ĳããȻ̧ͷһۣȻοķ֣ãĺӻв١

ݽɦͷŪģ޷±ʡ

̸ھðοһ㣬ɿŬģ⡣

ãܿ췢֣ʦȻΪˣĿҲȫܽ⣬Ȼһָѧ֪ʶİȻĿİֽдһվǱˡ

һֻĵ⣬ҪУ̸һһд˰ʱͽֹˡ

ˣȻ˳ɾ͸У޲һţаϵ˶֪

ֽԵãƳԾʱ΢΢ͣһ¡

Ưڽ˺ųɼжŮ̸λԱ߹еԾϣûбڡ

̸һƳֻд飬ĵƺȫˡ

µͷһԼԾ

ڷĲ͸ӿŵļŽصİϣǱ̬ĳʦҲûҪȫꡣ

ǣˡ

̸ողģһƵһ۵һˡ

ԾѶȷʵھ֮ǰԾ֮ϣѧ˴ѧĸγ̣رó㣬ûоԾжô֡

һ㣬СʱʱҲǸոչǰѡ

ⳡҲûж⣬ӾϾܿǵ˼һٺݺݵɱνѧҲû̫ĺ塣

дĵ⣬ҲֻΪϰֶѣ

ʼ磬ЩɹɱסͬѧԺʳȥ

֮ļſҲ࣬һɽһɽߵѶȣҲԼչѧƵڣ漰ĵۣ߼·ļչʾǸһ´ţѧƵȤǰδи֮ſûܴ֣Ҳôˡ

ĿǰϢרҵѧ󶼱Ű˼Ļ˵ĥڵĿչʾ

ȻܵԭǣڳֻΪ˵Ϊˣûôࡣ

²һѧԱҲΪ̽ѧˮƽ߿ɼѾ㹻˵󲿷ˡ

ڣѶҲҪߣҪԭ򣬻Ϊϵһֵ֮£ò״ԪĹ⻷֮ѧϰУǵ֣Ҳ⺢Ӿôѧγ̫ף˳ɲġ

ǣΪضĹػ뷨ȴƺյơ

״ԪƺĻҪá

ϵκЦĿ˿Ծܷ300˾265һٷֵĶûУһٷǻ

ѧһҲôĲ࣬ϵϺ˽ڻǸѧ˵˾乫ҹǰѧ˲ٶȻ̫ϵͳӦο㹻ˡ

εĳɼͲùˣϵεͷǸѧȹ۲۲죬ҪǸ֮ģҵʵȱء

˵úǲȱƵģһҲЦҪѧ浱ãҿɲ

Ǿ͸ƾ¾ǣϵҲֻ˵ȿ˵ˣҪ汻ɲܷ

˵úѾ֮һ

ǸǴһҲûоѧѵܳɲġ

ԣνҲϰԵ϶һѡ

Խǵľ㣬ô㣬ѧҲҪϣʵҵĴţʵңãҲһõû˳ֵʵ鹷뷢ˣŻкܳһ·Ҫء

Ժܶ˵Ӹнѧ˴󺣡

ͬѧ䲻ҸϵľϵʦҲûô߸ϣԱڶоʱҲǷ֪ͨæԼȥˣѶȸߵ÷ϿݣϽʱҲЦеģܺ˵ģ

ϰ˱ڸпαҵˣɹͷϢһʱЩʴ

ͬʱѧʵңΪ־ڿйѧĴڣǽȼĵط

山Ĺڶѧֻҵڴţʸ齨ԼʵңźʽĿҲʵɱȨΪϰ塣

ϰ£Ǹֻ߲̫óʽ𣬻߻ûرɹĽڣԼĿҿڴʵ£ԼŪһ־ѣ˳ҲʵҵľѣҲ

£һĸںͽʦǶһС飬Ųľѣżһٱһٵо

ˣٻʵҵĹߣܹ֧ԼľѣҲõĵĵһߡ

£ǸִС֮Ŀйˣʵ˵ʿܵõĴ󹤣оǰשĳְͶ˶㲻ϣǰþˣҪ˷ʱ̣ԾڶϲմһıҲǴǿ˵ǰ˰빷ʸ֧ʹһˡ

Ǿ״ԪҪѧúãڽҲö࿴һۡ

״Ԫʲô˵ģѲ山ȱ״Ԫ



ʱĴһǣûоҿƵĿʹֻдɽ⺣ѵڣûûεš

ѧ̫˼ˣָźȤСĿѧѧ㻨ʽ£̸ʫ裬̸̸̸룬˱żںߵҲ˾żԼдʫ

ѧУﻹиUFOо磬һι״ĳȦϣͼҵźš

Щ˻ҹо磬˵˵ƻС˵ضоҲĵá

΢ЦᶨľܾȺѧʾԼдĶƻã̫ʺֹӲ˵Ѱ

˻ѡǵţȥģмЭģиΧģֵݺȻѧᣬ˵мѧԴСϲЩ

ֻоʲôûѡ

˵ҲҪѧֵģţ˼˵ٲѡһõŶûλˡ

Ϊ˹ѧõѧؿȤãѧУڻμŻѧѧֽȻһԸμӵҲǿֻǿӰĩĽѧ

룬һЭ᣺ɣҾܲͦ˼ġ

山ĴͳǿĿڰʮЭỹһȺܲ˾һɵС壬ÿ࣬Ҳûʲô

˵һ״Ԫţ糤ͦˣ˵ԭǣ˸᳤⣬ſӭڶŮˡ

ʱ山ΪƹǿƵĹϵһʵĺѧУѧУŮ͵ÿûʲôЭϣ꣬˾⣬ҲеһŮ

Э˱Ҳ࣬ȥ֮ǰһҲ;ŸˣǿžżѵİԱģɹλ

Ϊ˻ӭ˼룬糤ȥףףȥѧУСɽͷϣ߸˵һȦ

ʱйش廹һ壬ǴƬƬĻɽҰرʺܣܵþƣߣһ

仰ʵ糤˵ģһȵɰߣμӹڵһɱȥʮҲμɱȻĿǰû

һɽͷֻое糤룬Ժ϶ԵģʱȥٸҶС

糤ͷŴδεĺЦԺܲܳȥ֪㷴϶ܵýƣʱŵͿȥˣ

ȻһЦڻҰ޼ɵصȥ

˶֪Լδô͸벻ƬɽҰ룬Ժ󽫳Ϊĸ²ҵ԰һ

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żμһŻҵ⣬ĵطͼݡ

һֻͻȻ׸׵ĺӣܵǰδеĿ֡

ʱĶѧһĽڻûгѧһߣһҲлҵڵڿΡ

ʦˮƽߣѧջҲʹǾ֮ǰѧöһͷһ鳣ʱ֪ʶṹһ飬ûࡣ

ԴԼļͷӦõ˼ߣټϳľһСģѧ˱רҵĶֿʼȥרҵȥˡ

Ｘѣʼ޶Ķ

ոűɺһڲϼӹԭȥ˳һڷѧտһѧֿʼͼѧ顣

˿Ŀʯֻþľʵ̫ʢˣ̲סʣѧôˣҪһڶרҵרѧܱôʵݡ

山޵ڶרҵģҪ޿γ̵ѧרҵǰ15%ʸ

˶þ϶û⣬ôѧ˷Ѿˡ

ȴ˵ȵܹҪȵڶѧڲܱڶרҵʱ˵

Ȼ󣬼βòֺ

ʱһξô˴£Ǳ֪ͨˡ

æ˸٣һȥȰǮ׵תǵĴˣȥġҲǸ׾

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ϰǸ˲ɾʶǸ͹ӣĬ衣

û뵽ôּˡĬĶԾЦʮӢϢ

üͷһ壬ֱӶ˵ǮѾˣֱߺͬˡ

ʶôôõĻᣬɲᷢóȥ

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ǺһһҷɵӣŤͷģ֮ǰԼϾתǮ

ǸСĬߵＸ䣬Ĭһԭ⴦ʮļ۸񻹿̸

һŭˣһ׼ۣ

ĵȻҲ˶Է˼Ť£˼ĶԾ˵ǸʵǼǮҪ»أֻᣬһܡ

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ʱĵȻ޲˫һ߼ۣȻܾ顣

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һСȻֻǺͬ鲻ʱＸ䣬ȻĬ豨ۡ

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ֻҪǮλˣЩʵҲǴ⡪ֻŬοԼ

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˽зƷû꣬ҪλԷزгСصҲϸټȥճġ˽зݹɹ涨ֻҪǮڹӡ

ʱڷӦһĶ𣺡ݣǸСӣ֪TMϸʲôӵķӿɲСӣĸУ

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ѧڵģ۾һ

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Ͷôҵģ׬˸Ӷ𡣡ʡ

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֮ģġݿƷԪֵԪֵڸӿȵĹ֮󣬱ӹվûɹְ֣ھòɱһ겻񣬽Ǹ˥ڡ

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һֻͨãӹҪ浹ùˣͦΪֲ²Ͷؽ𡭡Լ

ҵģ鷳͵ǰʵϰ˵Ҫ׬ˣɡ

ҲǲԼڸûзϾУҪüŻء

ɫĥһ󣬾ŮǴó棺㻹ңǮˣ

ӦʲЭɣǿǩίڹ⿪˵

ǩЭ飬Ҳ϶еģǳķֻҪǮˣ͵ʶ˲ɣֻҪĺԺڣԺѹҲǮ

ҪİͶʣʵҪΪ׬㡣

ЩϹţҪ򣬾Ҫ㡣

Щɲˣ򵥹һ£ĳɱרѣ²ҪʮϰŹ

ողŻ˼ʮ򷿵ľ̲ס̾һǮ׬

ҲһˬˣջǵͷˣԼģϹĸʲô

ʾ׼ͶǮֳһʮ飡ҲһӶˣ

ôǩеһͶЭ飬ھҲɹҵԼĺʲˣڿסҿɡ

ĵѧУſѧһõǮ˻ƱȲҪȥúøһ´˵еĻ硣

ųɶ绰ʱ˵ȻίİԼͶʵʱ̲סֻĹЦðʶСôˣɴֻ˵ǮûǮģ

ļǰ˵ǴʱңȻúøˣǼʱĻһ˵ӵɣϵǮµס

ҪȻҵҪųɶЦСȻ˵ǸˣӦòڹ㣬㵹ǲõġ

һͨ绰꣬Ҳ֪ǸõأǷġ

Ѿ˷ɻ㵣ģҲûʲôôˡ

ҲĿǮѾӳȥˣ׬ȻãҪ׬Ҳֻˡ




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73
⻹ĵһɻ

¡¡ķŷɻɿմѹ, ЩƣʶԼ߿յĽš

ĵԽԽԶȵɻƽʱ, ѾͰΪˡ

ǳɫƷ, Ц, ŵĿսڴŽĿѼײ, ͺˮƷˮСϷ˸ƺ͹ڵ֪׾, ſսѯʣηηѡԼϤę́

һڴľҺ¶ǣĵڰһ㣬ֻ첻ߵͼðͷ

Ȼڱ˺ѯ, ַɿ˻ȥ

ǳѧѧһŽ۾Żװ͹ȫһ˸Ĵ

ĵͷ, ȥرʵɡ

ʱ䲻̫԰ɣѧУ＾ѧʱô

Ĳ˼Ц괺ſѧ, ڹ⣬ȥϤһ»

Ǹ˻ͦõ, װһ޵, ǵһγɣȳȥԺ֪ˣںͷȫ硣

װĻﲢûж⣬һ, ȴеܲڿķɻתһӣͼĪľִٺͲˬ˦أȥģ

װЦЦǣѾɹõ̿, ǹһԺͲûˡ

ĹиˣҲ˵ֻǳ촽ЦЦ

˵̸ȴѾˣǻûгȥͷʶ˾֪ǲ˵๤ʸߣչǰҲ󣬲ǹڡ

һһм

ƲͷٺҲǼңԺ϶Ҫġ

װЦЦüֱһ˿Ųµͯû£ʱͶˡ

ƫƫ˵ʲô

˵װѾͷסŵģԼЩûȥͬѧٲҲһ̿ͺͷıȼĸԲһ

ҲȥЩʮϰٲĦã䴫˵ŻĹҹ԰ҵţ洵ơ

ǹףҪģͷٷٺҲһ

κһˮƽ˵Ӷֻ֪ԼǿˣͷĵŸ㣬Ǳʶ۸ˣתͷҰְֳͷ

һ˵ӵ

·ɻʱ˵Ļ̲סɪˡ

һȫͬ硣

񷶥йڼôߣмʮô󣬴ʹħһԶͰ͵ֱϣĴʯذֱͷƷȥȥˣҲһȻרҵʣдŰȻ

ֽ𷢱ۣͷ۾ߴĴ߹ȥЩǿЩ͸Ƶġ

ЩŸָƤɫڹȫû·ʽڴȥ̸Ц

ľ;ãһӵ˵ɫһɫʶˡ

мĻë⣬ͷȾͷ׶ʣյǰŵǻ˵ţ㼸ޣ

ëߣ

֪仰С˴кõģܲˬָָԼӢ˵ңйˡ

ë⿴ˣ͸ϡƵģohChinese

ĸˡ

Ǳ߻һӴӷɻĹˣĸɳĿţһģһĻɫɽװϻŸײСӣ͸εСѧһؾΧһؽ쵼ųĹأߣܺ͵˴ҪŶ쵼ҪŶӳС

Աţ̲סһֱӵתͷ

һߣֿ˸ղŷɻǸװͨصʱʲô鷳ͷԹԱһëѵţҳ

ԭνˣǸ˵ӡ

ĲмЦٻͷȺصøһĿţ˳˲١

ĵ簲³£ڷƤĶ˵˼䣬һľ͸һرӵ

ĵӢϻűһòٵĿֻ춼ˡ

ŬקסҰһ٣˳ԷĻˣľ͸˵һһˡ

ԼĳһϵðȫһŬ˵˵ڴܾˣķҲѾ׼ˣ˵ѾõStanfordofferˣϲ㣬һǳѧУᰮѧУģԺҲףҪõһĵʦƼԿǳƯн

ĵȫעȴѾڱϡ

һǳƯɫ׿ǳ棬Բӣȫȫͳĵϡ

̫ˣģʡ

üǵģʮģңֻҪҵһݺùӵһǳס

·ϣСһ͸ӿŵĳܳôԱ߾Ǹ촽欵ĽˣҴһƳҲ÷ޡ

ֵȫĸ¥̵Ĵ͸ģڹ붼벻ĸɫƷû޹ҪƱȯֻҪǮòۻԱͻ¶΢Ц

Զֵͷм䣬һεĺߣŸӹĻߡ

ӭᣡűĴ󺰣ǺƳС

һֱϵʱĻýһΡ

СһҺͳ˹׹ѧĽڣһסڽĶСڵϲſİɫ񻨴شдƯ˽С԰

Ϊ˸Ľӷ磬СרŸ׼һٴͣмǸմ̳̳ͨɫĲʿٴϺԱ߱ɫ˶űĵζƻʣźں֭Сţ⽹ۿڸУи𶹣ɱˮɳȵȵȵȡ

ڹڵȻҲǡоǰԹĺܲһ

ͺС̻ѾȥĽ㣬̲סɺΨһϵĶӣʵ˵׳ˣôõĴѧͺúһȦȻ󰲰׼ѧģԺļңСڣԲίġ

ǰĸףƤҲ̲סۿץС̵֣㱼ƺŵǹɶĸ׵Ϣ

ò˼ţ޴ϣζǶٷʢͣһ꣬˯ˡ

ϳԵǼ嵰Ϳȣܲǹҩζͻţ̣簲³ñ΢һ㣬˯ţóţ̺Уֱӹ˱ţ̣ĹǿŶθۡ

³оҵǻûмҹĻ˵ǸԼһGap YearúϢһ£˳Ѱһ׶εĿꡣ

ұһ־ԸĿҪ¸²ܳô㵽ߣûʲôȥĵط³ǸֵĴк棬䣬ž͵׹к

ĸҡͷ簲ţȻԼ˵ȥڽֿ

Ҽǵרҵǽڣһʱߵҵ³ЦһǳŬѧżһҲûйϵǰҲӴӹѧǿǷǳš

Ĳ˼ЦЦûиı⡣

С̼ڵв׼ڽֵ·ϣķǾһĽֵӶһʧ޵УͰҷţŻ洦ɼ·ż˺ģˣкҲаˣϵ飬һֽĿ־ľ

ʲôطʡ

ʮ³ţӿ쳵뿪͸ĵط߻ԱߵʮƽʱǧҪйΣգᣬϲٶNY⼸ΰ˲٣ϻǾҪȥ㲻ȷǱߵΰ״ûһϤ˴·

첻𣿡飬ľԼƺһɵ⡣

õofferǵȥľ֤³ʼ磬ȫõĹңҲҪ֪ôԼ

תͷǡÿ³ӵʮƾɵĴ¥ڵס⣬ڵϻһⰵķֽ硣

ĺȻ;ãطҲûϿôá

˵ÿһΰĳһ˲Ľڽ֡

֣ΰı־

ֽԽĶ㣬ŵӡ羭õľ޴ʱܾһСˡ

һװļһǰ̡³̾

³ĽŶ̲ס

³̲סЦģ˵һ̡

Ĳ˼ЦЦ

ݰ³˵ǹƱгһֵĺԼҲһС˻żһ档

Ҳһԣ߿ܼ򵥣³˵ԺҲ߹ǰһҲǻ¡

û˵ԼԺĴ㣬ǶԿȷʵҲԾԾԡ

ƱǸҰĵطˣòӢ̬רҵִžԵȨС

˵ңԶصĹĶ˻ԼѧܣԳиУǰһʱȷʵǸ⣬ҪģһҹҲ㳹ѧѣծۡ

˵ĻҪ˻˸ˡ

ǿǴרĵ̣һ˽ȥСĵģƱ˵ҽ㻹Ϥ˹УȥӴЩ¶

Ҳ֮СĿĿİͰͰ죬Ӣİ˼˵ס

˵Ԫ˸һΪȻΪǸûʽǩЭɣͶȦ²ЭѴһ£֪üҴͶж׼ԪȷԼҪͻֵͳǶԶģ

ĲȷǮȷǸ˵ġ

˻첻ߣƤóӦȷĳװӣҲһôر˵㻰

껧õ˺͹Լʱ䣬˸ط绰ȥ

ϾԼĿǰΨһĽҪźõġ

ڵ绰ǲתʱǴӹĵ绰ھǣҲֻطܹӵ

͸Լʱص㣬ÿ̶ܹʱ䣬ѧУһ绰վĵ绰

Ȼųɶ˵ģȷʵǸ˵㻰ˡ

΢絽һᣬʮԺ󣬵绰尴ʱ

˵Ѿ˻˿ĵģѧܲܿ⡣

򵥽һߵͣһ¡

ôˣ绰Ǳߵɡ

ԺͦģЩû취Լߵ˵ǲ֪ôģԵ绰Ƕ¶ԷԼϤ̲סҪߣߵǺãͻȻҲеԺȥ˵ˣǡҪǻֻȥ᲻Եеɵ

ڵ绰ͷ̲סЦȻᡣ

ǲ֪С͸ǹڵгһձ飬⻹Ǻʶûұ緿ﻹһ̨˵ԣžü¼̣ܺͺԶط죬ҸоԼ͸һ

Ϊʲôʡ

Ť˼£⻰Լ̫ûס˵˳Ҿ;ãҪܰԼĹҽһ׹õĵطԼҲгһǸöˬ

Ҳô뷨Ǳ˵

ĺȻͲ˼ӣǿӲˣ绰̫󣬲˵ˣȹˣ

Ȼͼææ˵绰

ͲźڵһĴȣôʲôһû˵ԵأҲ֪ǸڶǮһ̨



Ŀγ̺ܽţǳʱͰ᰻һΣĴѧ޲ǰᰣ˵ѵʱͺͽ̹ٸһؼܣСĸӮˣʱΪһܹעĴڣһСĻһŮĳƺš

ѧһ᰺ǲмһ˵˵ҼѧУЭᣬܴĸûмȻҾͳЭĻ᳤

˵£Ҳֻε̾Ҳֵ磬ʵеµЩܰڵͷˡ

쾮ص˲ι山԰ģ᰺ģǸĿαĺ

˵ԭǻʼ԰֣ƣų山ѧһ֣ȻһЩʱ̨ͤ¥Ѿĩˣغɻл˴룬ǺҶȻͬдˮϣһȹڡ

ѧڳϵͤ˵ϸһԭǱǸӢǣѧԻϰ

Ҳһ󣬺ȻʾôõĳɼԺ᲻

룺ܻȥôҲѧ

΢ЦҡҡͷʣǳȥԺ󻹻ҺЩͬѧھĥ̿飬ܾá

Ҳ˵̫Լ뷨

صĴɽֻдɽɳȥ뷨

ڷɵ֮أȴ֣ɾһĵطȴȻסҪ뿪˵Ĳ

ôɰɰģͣŶأɻʡ

룺ҾȥԺ϶ǻġ

Ҳûѡ뿪ʲôԣÿԼͿ׵ʧҲ˽ջⱾԡ

Щ˰δѺڹ⣬뿪ˣҵǾãڵѣԺķչڿ϶ͷҪöࡣ˵

һޱΰĹңӵƳʷḻľ飬һʱ壬٣ʱ·վδ

ң˵ҪԼҲ뵽ΰĽУöˬ




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74
ҪϱרҵĿ, ҪȤĿΣʱΪš

˵ϵĹʵбæ, Ǻԥ롣

Աӵʱеɣһһ, Ҳ˼ҵҪ󰡡

֪ͨҪǴ, ϾһĿγ̶ûѧ, ߱ʵҵ

иԱæҪһ, һһԡЦ

ԱһۣͷаɣҾͰͶһ£ҪûҲй, ֻҪɼãлġ

Աǹʵεо԰ŵ뻹ͦġ

߽ʵҵʱ, ˳һרŷϿ

һʵҵо˳ƵͷһۣŴһ, Ҫɣ

Ͻ͵Ұϵѧͦǿ, Ǹ߿֡

Ǹ, һо˵Ļζûѧ꣬Ҳǵҵ, ѽ̫˼һʲôӦˡ

ϲ˼Ц£ܲܽ˵Ҳ

ô, һŮ˵ʦ֣Ǳ͸ѧɸѡôһݲϸĽȥʦ㹤òϸأʵûҪΪôһѧԼ

ͷЦûôذɣʦҲôࡣ

ҪһءŮȰʱ򣬹ʵҵĴϰ˽

ǮǹڹĴţ֮һڹźŴк裬ҲƪSCI山ҲһλصʵΡ

ƢãʵķΧҲгʱѧۣЦһ䣺˵ʲôأ

Ůһۣû˵֪ԼʦԸ񣬺ֱϣҲڵԱиѧҲʵңҰͶһ

㡭Ǹ໹ǴһɣǮļԺã΢һѧʤʵҵĹ

ҿ˵׼ЦѧϰȷʵǿǾһǸֿ

û뵽ǮҲ֪ѧˣϹҵĿΣǸ뷨ѧȷʵǿ֮š

һ㶣һڴһûĿΰ

˵Σ䵽ľȥˣһͬѧܻءһҲ˵

ǮЦǸѧģԵʱһҵ濼쿼졣

¶ôˣֻǸʼԷԵŮžʮֲмƳһ´

ϻغ;ͻѧѧ㣬˵ƣϧ˼ѹûС

ʱ򣬿Ű۵ȻرͰֲҡ

ҾͲͨǮڵԿˣﰵʵҿɲ۸ڶĴһʸġ



ţ˼ʱÿѾ͹ˣ¥Сϸ߸һ

Χڱڷżпʶ˵ţҲæߺһ͵ȥ

ûеӺ磬дŲžͳ˴ѧȺһǳʱȤĻϺĽѣҲ˵дͶ壬Ҫɹˣ־¼ȡŻһȦհ

ţ˼š߹˴ż˺һȻͷš

ЩϲдţҲ˵÷˵żҲȤ˽һ㲻ע⣬Щ˸໹ǹע־磬ѧ磬ڿš

ַˣһűżﵥŷоһ֪һ⺬Ĺš

µڼˣò׼ʫ˰ɣ

ʫҲѱȹʿɸ߶ˡĽ˵תͷţ˼磬ˣ˵Ǹ״ԪҲôûĹţ

æѧҵء˵˾䡣

æŵΰɣһ˹Ц˵״ԪҲֵͦģỹΪڸʱһƿ־˰ɣ˭ںǵҪ˵ܷµĲ

ַһݾձĹţţ˼ǰ˻Ρ

ںŹҿƿţ˼һ䣬ҵԼţҲǰλΣˮƽ·ҲûֵҲһƪ

˺һֲɵҪ˼ֻҪ͹ˣѧɲ߷ֵˣУǶ˵ˣҪʵʳɼѧῼʲôʵʳɼ

Ҳ̲סʲôʵʳɼڱֽϷƪ¾ˣ

ô㣬ǸŮЦͿ⼸ƪ£ŲԺҵʱ򣬾ֵܷõĸλһУ쵼ϲľǱʸˣⲻʵʳɼʲô㣿

山䣬Ȼȥõĸλ˵дֵı¡

Ҳܷڿģигһţѧ̡С骵ģŴһܷģԺУװɡ

˳Ĭһ˲

˵ǱҲиڡߵѧоϷĵģһǹԻģǸѧʱʦ˵߿ɼǽŵżȵĲǿԺ󾿾ôҪԼ汾ء

ƲżôﾮʱָȻһ١

ôһĹţͦġɻʡ

͸ͻȻʲôһһȺ˶Χ

һͷβӢĵţִֺѹ֡

и֮ǰôСѧǴѧһùſ

缼Ӧáϵڿƣjingxi֣û˵˰

ղŻڰС˦˦ȥˣʱסˡ

иһ¸ѧ̣ڿǲ˸Ű

ѧЦôŷô˸ţҲ֪Ȿڿм㣬ǲܶ٣Ľ±жóˣˣʶˣǴĵģ

һŵĴ˵Ǵĵѧ㣬ҲǸһġ

ȻĿһ۸ղųԼҾǼˡ

˶û˵

һѧ㷴ȷҲͬˣҹϰ߰ϷںͷҲʵxijing

ѧ㣬ͷϢ𣿡иʡ

ѧŷоһ£ǵӿѧ뼼רҵġ

ǾͶˣרҵģţ˼ͬ

ǴһģǾˣĵѧ̲ס̾һڲңҰŸ͹ȥ

ʵҪĿĻһúһ·ĵľϣҪܰҲѰѹأǾ͸ˡ

ֻϧھû

Ǵ绰ȥ˰ɣÿʱ򶼻һ绰˵

Ҽǵˮʡ˰ɣ湻ģ;绰ɲˡһ˵

ʱڸԶڴ˰ͨ绰˵ԶָӶԷ

㳡ЭʽͨǰѾһԪʱûмӸܸˡ

ʱ䣬ͨ绰ĿģҪʱֱϸܸˡ

νܸˣʵʱͶʽΪþʷŴ󱾽нףܸ˱һ20-400֮䡣

ʵʾһСĶľ֣Ķ˱ܳɱɱĴطҪǶĴַѪ޹飬ֱӱ֡

˵ֱһٱĸܸˣıŵòֱ

һٱôһѡҪµһ㣬ǵıֱӱְһǮò߶µ˵

û£òòҵģֱ100ĬĬļһʱ䣬ȷЭϾҪʽȻ󣬾ǳʮԪֵԪֵ

һǣûгĻڶ̶ʱԪֱ30%δһԪԪֱֵһ

ʮң㷭һҲ20򣬵100ĸܸˣ2000

ˣġ

ҪǡСʣҪǸأ

˵жϴʮ㽻ѧˡɵ˵

սսΡΡĹϵ绰ֻľ

Լί˵ӿ湻ģʮ鰡ֵСĺԺˣҲ۾գֱˮӡ

һʲô

ǲ롣

Ǹڻּ˷ƵľˣҲĬˡ

Աֵĸ֣ڹ涨ʱûмʽĻǮһֶòء

ĵԼ壺ңȷ˵ˣҲҵǮ

֮ǰʵĶȻѾͷô㣬ҪҪҲԼǮͶһ¡

ڣԲʵ治

ϾаԵˣ˭үһ˽޲ֱ˫ϥص

ȲϱȲϣǵûиĹˣͶˣ

׹ʱ922룬Ķ߶µȷ˼Ӹܸ˵Ҫ

Ȼʲ˲ʹ5ͳ500һľ֡

ʱ򣬴ĻϵԪͻȻһ£һԪ250Ԫ1253

ҲζţԪڱֵ

ĵѾ㲻̫ˣģģţıֱӿ˼ǧ

ϻӽүҲֱһȥ

ⲻԼǮŬοԼ

ԺһλζԪڱֵ·ϣƺûʲôԥ

һ¡

ʱֻʣ¡

ʱ䣬ֱӿһֶСľսĸоĲȷԼܳŶá

ԣ˵СʱͿˣּƣҲֻҪʮӡ

ľֽŵĽľĿСһλһ㡣

ʣ塣

Ҳһֿ֣ҪȻԼֱܷ衣

Ŭ˼¸绰Ӧô˵ʱĻϵĻʺȻͣһʱ䣬ȻȻʼµ

1:254

1:250

1:248



ԪʺȻһֽ˶ȵٶȣŤͷֵͨ

֪˶٣ǲǺܿҪˡţһιĴĻ

ţô£




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75
ԭе㽻, ȻֻʣһƬĵȻ󣬾ǸӴĹ

ǰ, ڲԶĹ㳡, ƳгڼѴЭ, յԪҪҵĻֵ, Խ޶ó׳ֵ⡣

гϣԪҲʼֻŵͶߴ, Ԫ˵ļֵҲͬʱӦ˿ͨ

ӱϿһγɹĴ, ʤĴᣬЭö෽棬Ҳֵôף

ʮĩʼ, ΪڶʯΣ, ׹ͨһȳλټϾ޴Ĳֺó׳, Ҽеϣͨұֵ, ڣѹ

ͬʱӹڹȻ߸ͽҲһԼ, ҴӸƺʹŵҪôҪôýǮԪֵҵںṩ, ϣƺҲڵĲҵṹ

󣬶ڹ㳡Э龿˶ĸӰ죬ѧ绹ڲС飬Ͼ֮꣬ӹһӷٵĸ߷һп٣ƺԪ׹ȫ硣

Ȼ󣬾žһĭ𣬷ĸ׳֬ƤëйѪҲߣڳѪĽѵ

ЩһëǮĹϵûС

ֻǶŵӱ۰һȻԾ任֣ͣ

һ׬һ

˻ˡ

ԪԪĻʾһֻϴܵĺӣĵСҲֻӱһ·ᣬɤ۱ϣһӱ˳

㳡Э鹫죬гǰСʱԪԪĻһ5%

Ҳ25ԪıֱӴ򣬱ʮ

Ŀ˻֣ر໰

Լʶ˲壬ԼӲ󣬵Ƿ룬һжʱеǮң

ǰһֱԼǸر𵨴Ϊˣ˵ͳ˵Ħ֣ûʱǰС

ѧʱϵʦ˵ʱгĲңҲǲΪȻӶࡣ

Ȼ󣬾ͺԥı˹УĽרҵ汻õoffer

ǰվڷɻǰǣԺҪΪһƥݺỪֵǣ

ڣʲԺȴˡ

һǹԹ׬Ҳͦõģ룬ҪȻǮû׬ͷಡˣҲǮˣಡҲûǮΡ

ڽ˼죬Ѿüʧ̬ʧߣǱҰ޵ɵëûһ

ȻЩʧȥҲû˼ֵǣĹԱţôֱӵһ˳ȥ

ĶЩ֮³

ǮߣȴҲһ޴ĽҪͶߵѪ⣬ܱϵĸת

վ̨ӴѪĻǰֻĿ־塣

ڵȷʱʤߣһλ˼µѹ߲Ѿɿ˽µĴ棬ԭѷնάˣʱ򶼶Ͷе΢ЦǸ߸ϵͶʾãҲȵĴյԼǰͼ̽ǲʲôϢԴ

ûţϢԴǹ㳡ĳС⣬ǸطյĹϹȣ

ûţ򶨣࣬ʵϾǸһŮ߿ܣΨһŵ㣬ֻ

ֻôһԹߵĶλʱгĿ־;ηҲѾĵĹҲ޷Ĩ

Ҳֻоʿһǧ

ôһСϰգʵʵ׬ûյɣҲˡ

ʱ򣬾ĿѾްθߣһܸɻ׬ǮĴѧŲߵָһ㣬ܹң

Ĵӽʱ򣬱С׿ǳÿ˹

Ĵɫı飬ĵʣǽò̫𣿷ɣֻҪ趨ֹߣ͵ǻǮѵˡ

ʵ˵ֹۣȰðյİ³ԼңԶݶʵ̫ǿˣЩ

ԴӼǰڽ˻ܱߵٽ˹䣬ʱηƲֻһ֮ĵط

³˼ҪôȰ;ıܣǿЦЦ컹ͦġ

³üͷһ̽ʣ컹

죿죬ˣҪ绰һֱȻʱ䣬Ӧû賿˵ˣҲûԼ绰ʱء

ؼļ죬Լÿһ绰ϵֻϧߵʱ̫󣬶ʱѾȲʾӦôˡ

ʱ򣬰³üͷѾ

ƺԼŵĳ䲻ĶĹϢǺܲԤס

³룬Ҫĸ׺úˡ

װԼʱ䣬ȲĲ绰

Ŀ绰ҪüֵתӣӾˣϡ

ܲɣΪһ·ϣͨ绰΢һᡣ

ȴļЪصĴ˼ֻĻ̡

ǱߵľҲԼʱ䣬ڵ绰ǰһᣬǳٳûнӵڴĵ绰

ֹ߰˷ӣתԱͨԴ˰Ϣ

ιôڵ绰ֱʡ

Σֻһ߶µڻͲ

һᣬĲ˵

׬ˣ׬ˣĻŬƽ飬׬׬ڵ˻Ѿӵ30Ԫˣ

û뵽Ǳȴֻƽ˵ţ

ĺȻ;ãԼŵģе㶪

һӦô죿ʡ

һԼеĹؼڵ㣺Ȼ100ĸܸˣǰѱ20ΪʽвӲ֡

ĳĬһ£ǽ콻˶˵ЭºͣߵӰ춥һʱ䣬Ȼָֻƽȡ

ڹʻгϣʱǺƻһΪ̫࣬ԵƣԼ۸ӰҲޡɾɵĹ۵㣬Ҳǵ֪

ֻϧʵķչȴֹ۵෴

ûȤϵѧгĸЧ⣬ֻǿƵ˵ҵģǷٻҪʮ£ȵԪǵ1200ҵʱٵλ

ʵϣԪ׶νʮֻ꣬ڣòż

²ôǷĲ˼

滹أһȷһ֣Ҫ㲨Ĳλˡֱӿδһָ

ʵϣȷʵܿδ

ãðɣġʱֻѡȫžϾǮģ׼ȷʱ㣬Ҳṩġ

ôжϣܱȽЩͷӬһɢ׶˰ɣ

һ绰꣬ĵȶ˲٣ɫҲָ

ԺСȴĵȥһ鷿˵лҪ˵

СһĶŵ֪ʶŮԣƢ㣬͡

ĵԸСǿƣǸ绰Ժͳ׻ˣʱֵ߽СɵЦ

С̿ģ̾˿游ҵĸʱǳ񡣡

⹫ʲôģĺʵ

СֻԼţһԸʼǿĴҹ㣬˵Ⱳӳ˲ٿ࣬ѵʱʼֱͦż

游Ǻ̳Сʱһ׼˵ӡ

Ǹе񡣡ĺٺٵЦһ㶼Ϊܡ

СεЦһǳ󵨣ϲðյˡ

ҪǸһǰľԺԥͷ˵ԼҲڣѾһ󵨵˵ӣױ˺˵˵ӡ

˵е㶪ֻܺٺٵļЦ

СЦĿģ֪游ôȥ𣿡

ĺҡͷ

ʱڣϺҲ֤ȯģ游ʱҲһʱĲ֣С̵ԶֻϧһմսѪ޹飬ɨأֻһ˴˲ʱ̫࣬£ȴǼǵõģȥ鷿ʱ

ĻСûм˵Ҳ˼

ԴЦǲǱ˵ڳ£

С̵ͷҲ죬ܵġ

Сģǰ˲أԼһǮûŽȥ˵£е⣬ҪΪ׬̫࣬Ҳűŵˡ

С֣̾ôܵƱˣ

ǣҡͷڹڣίҰģԼע⣬ҾǰŹ֡

Ҳǰѹ˵Ķλû֡

ԼѳֵסͺãС̵ͷ±ϾֻżΪ֮Ҫġ

ĵͷС̷ģҲ⼸æˡ

ĲȫϸϸˣΨһҪģǰʱ嵥ִоͺá

СЦǸѻͦôԶܳƱˣǽ׬˶٣㶼סˡ

ĵЦ˵ҽɶ׬壬𡣡

֮ǰͺ;õ֣ٷ֮ʮӯɣʵ˵Żеġ

Сһ㶡

֣нҲٲ˶ˡ

˰λӻ֣ȥԼ°ɣʱ̼ǵ÷վͺá

С̣㻹̷ͱƤЦЦıĳȥˡ

⺢ӣ͸ûһСҡͷ

ǣԼĸףˡǵ̾ԸһΣ˲صǰĸˡ

绰ҵʱϻЦݡ

һжڴɵĽУһѧ˵ˡ

ѾʼĥԺĹ嵥һѣڿĿʼɹˡ

ص¥ʱ΢Щ֡

˶͵͵Ŀ

ʲôתǾʱ򣬾Լһۡ

ûʲô쳣ĵط

ɻһֱҡ

ƽʱʱˣͬ꼶ĴһҲƺһĸ꼶ѧ㡣

ڻˣţ˼˵ĺһţǲӢڿĹŰ

֣

¶ĴһûȫǴɥʧģоȻ

ףЩΧô¡

ӹţ˼Ĵŷ⣬ǸϤڿԼӢƴдЦŵͷǵģ֮ǰͶһƪģû뵽ôϢˡ

SCI¼ڿɣӰӶ٣һѧʡ

ֻ̫࣬0.25-0.3ش

SCIӰӵļ㷽ʽڿڱôڿϷĵõһֵȻȫԴжĵȷʵһǳֱ۷ı׼

Ӱ1һµڿڼ߼ڵ΢ĵǰֵ˵ֻһһżڿ

ձѧǿӰӵĴһĻشЩʧѧǿĽֻҪһƪSCIо㹻ˣŴһõӰӣʵһǱУ׵öࡣ

òЦһ¡

˻ڵžţһʱɢȥҲɴС

ϣţƤֻֽһдţͼױװõӢģȴû

˸ţһһѧʧʡ

һţ˵Ѿͨˣ¸²Ż

Ҫ޸ģѾĹˣĳִСĥľѧ̲סʡ

Ҳãûд޸ġ˵

Ͷĳֱ߲ͨͨд޺Сޡ

СǱȽϼ򵥵ģֻǲþĳЩϸڲҪ󣬴޾ͷʹˣпܴڰ꣬ȴȻǲͨ

ֱͨҪ޸ġ˵Σ˵ƪĵĿܺϸ㹻淶û޸ĵıҪ

ѧ۾˲ĥʲôʱ򵥶ôдӢĵ¡

һóӢģѧʱڲٽ˵Ǳ

ϢӶյĹ庯ĵڶ죬ֽӵʵҵ֪ͨ

ǮֵĹʵңڸʱͺĵط山֮ǰѾ˺üƪʵҷģͷ豸

ѾһСţδԤʱڣӵеĲƸܹøӴ󣬵ĿѧоǰǮȻֵһᡣ

ִУǮ飬һ䶥ʵңÿоڣʮԪ

ôǮֱӵȼˣҲȻȲһʵǮٶȡ

һٿѵʵңһҲζźʲôĳɹӵȫʵֻܣϣڶڿˮһƪġ

山ѾһȻÿľѸߴԪҲǹƴֵĿоޣˣҲͿʸչѡ

ڣÿ꼸ǧľѣҲѾ൱ˡ

ǮڵĹʵңһǧ򼶱ʵңʵȫٲְĽҲĴŶǱʸġ

ǡ˶ѡ

ѧѾþûˣʱ򣬶˼Щİť塣




76  76    

76
ʱʵҵԲûкô, ̭ʣʵҲ͡

ɸѡĺϸһжʮݣټһǮںĴһ, Իڵһʮ, ʵֻҪˡ

Ȼ, һξǳҵԡ

ο, 䴫ԣǮʵѾһѡ, ǴϢרҵıѾڹڿϷƪģĿǰ׼ԼĵһƪӢģ˵һС޵ķ, ǳϣɹ

Ҳ˵ӵеģֻ1/21ĻᡪȻ, ûб˿

ʵҲռһ¥, һļʵңʵС, , ĻоͲʿʵҵıĿǰֻˣȫ׼רҵо־ڿеĴ

ƽĶ, ѧоһҪѴ飬ײĿйĻʱȴһò, ׷󣬴õѡʵǿУϵλΪѧ׼

ϾһоŵʦʵҾͳ˳µ顣

ԣУʵԻڣʵҲǱоԣһ˳ǵĵʦУԺ󱨿ͨĻҲܴͬʱʵҲԼ֡

Ҳǽʵ׼Եʱ򣬲ʶµġ

ҲܿȷǮڽ͵Ϊ棬ǿ¼ȡʵҡ

ʵϣʶʵҵĺ֮Ҳͬԥˡ

ڲŴһôææȷԺķչȷʵҲ̫⡣

ԲһһǮֱѧΧһսվ͸һ

ǮһЦеԲСͷƢܺã˵ҲȤȻͰУѧȴ൱ˮƽ

ֻһȦˮƽӾѸٱ¶˳

ע⵽һȺһǮڵ⼸ԴȻӦȷܽ

ˮƽ΢һ㣬ֱѧһһŮһһҲ֪Ǯ׼ôѡ

ֵʾˡ

ʱ̬Ѿʮɣ֪ԼֵģҲࡣ

Ǯһ΢Ϣȡ⣬һ˼ʹӶ΢Ϣв洢֪Ͳɼ濪ʼ٩٩̸ᵽĿǰĴСңңмͬʱδļչҵӰҲһЩչ

ǰĻش𶥶ǲǺԼҵȴǮڵȤ

ˣ㻹һƻңǮںǺǵЦƻƷȻɷ־Ӷ࣬ǲɷϣٶδӰ˿ѧķչ򡣡

Ҳͦ⣬ǮھȻԼС˵

ǮڻЦеģ˾⣬йС˵δҲרҵѧ⣬мԶԶ˴һ֪ʶΧĵѧشЩѶȡ

ϣܺõһһشˣлЩĵطˮƽҲԶԶһݡ

ǮԽԽ⣬۾еøˡ

˶Ļ࿴ԭҵѧ

˭û뵽ⳡﾹȻֱɱһƥǸһ

ֽŵУڽǮûеֻ˵ٷ֪ͨ

ŵʱ򣬾Ǹʤȯյı̲סĴ˾һۡ

̬ɣصҵʱѵѯҲֻǵҡҡͷڿ϶ѡҵġ

Էʧ󣿡ɺʡ

ҲɣʵԼӵûͦõģʵеѧҪȶԣǱڿ϶ԸԺ󱨿оѧ

Ժ׼Уֱӹǳݺʡ

أһûáҡҡͷ

ʱǮʵھᡣ

²϶ѡʵҹõѧ

ѧˮƽҲͬһҪĿء

֮ԸڴĵѧΪǽܹרҵѵ֪ʶ㹻ӦʵҽŵĹҪ

Ȼеıֲκһĵѧ

ʱ򣬾Ҳ˳

ŴһȴԶ׼Ѿѧ֮Ĵ󲿷ֿγ̣Ҳζţʵҵʱ䳤롣

ʱһĴѧΨһƣҲôˡ

ʵǮصģѧ˼·Լǰȵİ

ûнܹרҵѵıУʵǷǳŵ㡣

ʵϣоҲǷǳǳǼ

ѧ඼ѡ˳

ǮʵԳԣʵϣ˾ҪȥӴһǰصϢ֪ʶṹĽˮƽ߶ǳкô

ǡȥԺԸˣʵ̫ˡ

ǮʵҲⲻѧѡ

ڵʵ̫˵оұٵÿĹʣǸ豸Ҳ֪˼ʮꡣ

õһɨ΢̻̽ϵͳѾƽ׼𣬸ʵұICP

أٵط̭õɵ֣ò뵽һ̨ɰICPҪʵʵ걨һһؿһֵܲü졣

ʵ豸ȽܳԵֶ̽ξԶԶ⣬ʵ豸ΪϾɾȲʵӰ졣

νӣҲǷչйʵҷģòܸϸɺͿˣʵڲ׵豸ϡ

׽ʵ黷־ڿе˵һ־޴ĥ

Ǯڵıʼ⣬̲סھϳ˺ܾá

ʣѧ죬ѧϰǿֹʵϲеоͣ䣬߱ʵҹ飬õһʵҶпܶĳš

ĺӣȥԺٻļʣʮ֮һ

ǮԼʵҲԥ

԰󷿣˽˽γԪнټǧԪĿ֧侭ѣнྻʵҿĻµ豸

գѡ˻ѡ˸ѵĻѡȻƶ

Ǯ̾һ

ִҪԼѧһѡ

ſԾչ᰿գǺźڵоԶԶﲻ

οԵջ;ᣬʱҲҪԶԶöࡣ

ǣȻеڴţиѧԼһѡ

ھϣصĻһ

ǮһŵˣôȻѾ߱ʵǮڻǺԸһ̡

յʵ¼ȡ֪ͨʱЩȡ

ԱҲʵҵʦžļЦʵ벻㾹Ȼôܽʵˣ˵Ǯڷǳ㣬ԺһúúŬ

ȴЩɣǡڼʵңԺȴûбǮڵо᲻Ӱ죿

һ㶣û׼ǮڵоҲǣˮƽӦúõoffer

ҲǡͣҪǻûԺķչ

û⣬Ǯһܺ˵ˣһһʵֱӳˣǮҲû˵ʲôдƼšϿġ

ûԥãһ뵽ϻʵ￴ЩֻڿϿһ뵽ܹʵ飬ջǵֵסջſˮӦˡ

ĸأģʵ飡

ڹѧʵҹгǻо飬ĿǰҪ׷ٹо¶ѧϰշĹס

ʵҵĵһ죬Ǹѧѧ㣬ޱ

տʼûϳԷޱһڣŨŨζһӾ˭ˡ

һͺ˼Ҳ±ѧѧޣǸѧһһϣѧҴ㣬ȰЩɣһ״ԪϣһӦ㹻˰ɡ

ǰһԼʮָߵϣиʵҹ£ֲᣬصڿĵȵȡ

ѶһŵĵͷԵġ

ܵޱݺݵһ£ֺߣɱ˵󻰣ʱѧҪģҪ˵˵ûס͵Űɡ

ţû⡣ǵ˵㶫һȫˡ

ޱһ仰˵ֻܷŰˡ

ûʶǸѧڹΪԼ

һ϶˵ͲʲôԽԽǿļ԰ڼʱڣ׼סЩ

һ뵽ܹܿʼʵ飬һʱ䶼̫ˡ

ʵϣڵڶ죬ҵʵҹѧʾԼԽܿˡ

ѧһŹֵĿޱһۡ

оѧǰޱɲţλѧԼСϰ壬Ǯεѧ

ޱ˵Լţһܿ꣬ҿûϵ

Ŀˡѧ˵ѧ˵ֻҪܿʼʵ飬ѧţʡ

ԼĵʦȣѧһˣʵϣʵҵʱЦԵر˵ǮڻҪߡ

ĻλϽоСϰ΢΢üҪ㿴ɲһˣѧû˵еĹ¶Ǳ뱳ģڿҪСһ㣬Ҳ˽Ϥ˵ŵķ

û⣬Ҷˡ˵

Сϰüͷø˲ϸпܱʵ˳ȥģȷҪ˷᣿

ʵϣʵҶ˵ҪϤͿԣѧϲڵģŹô˵

ĻӦȴֻɵʼ硣

ֱûʵߵ֣Ҳ̲סΧ˹

˵еĴһôţƺģ͸ʵǵСϰ壿

֣ײ




77  77    ʵ鷽

77
һ򵥵⣺ѧʵҹ¡ʲô

ܿѧ, 1Ǳıܡ쳣˳ֱӾͰѵȫ˳͸Ŷһ

ûסΧһ, ȷû˸ڻ

Сϰ۷, ʵ鹷׷ױɢ, һǱСϰݲеģ

Ȼ, Ŀǰûôĵӡ

ַһ飺˵˵ܡ

ǵǰΪõļ֮һ, Է䡭ֱӱ飬ֹǿ궼ͷĴͷרҵ飬ȴһֱֶӱ

ɫЩ㶼ˣʽ䣿

ʽһִ˵еļ˵ô򵥡

ɡʼ硣

ʵҪĿɲֻкü, ˵ֱӰЩֻҪеĲ϶ÿһڵڿ, ѡһƪġȼ۹ѧгǻԷ˵˵˹ı任̺͵ȼǻȼ۹̵Ĺϵ

룺漰һϵı仯, ҿֱùʽʾ𣿡

ͷʾСڰǱߡ

ϾлѧﾮСڰ˹, رĵĸһз۱ʡ

һл, һ۱ʣںڰϷɿд

һиӵĹʽı˳þʫ衣

ǲЦ룬̲סһ䣺ѧӲ

ЦЦ

뻹һ, Coupled Resonator Optical Waveguides ˵˵ƪĵҪ˼·ʵơ

һֻй̲סСʦΪˣˣӢ׶ĬϿ, ɲڿĿ

ĿǸ໰ѧһֶۣԾ˵㲻ʵ˼ҵʵƶ̸ʲôԼʵ˼·

ΪͬĵͷȻԼ˳ԣгǻⲨʵ˼·˵һ飬Լ˼·Ҳ˼򵥵Ĳ͡

㻹濴ˣ¶ɫ

ȻĵͷҸղѾ˵˰

ðɣҲܸɴ࣬ȸҵС飬ڳظʵ飬ڱϿȵԺٸϻֵĻᡣ

¶Цллʦ֡

ʦ׼뿪棺ˣԼҲддʵƣд˸ҿ

˵껰æԼȥˡ

ĸԱЦʦʵǿģѵÿڣһҪץסȻΪһ㣬ʵԸָ˵ġ

мĵͷ

Ҳʦһ飬ʱȸң˵ߵˣʵҿúܽҪпϻʱҲ̽ʵ鷽ģѧϰܼ򵥡

Ȼ󣬾Ҹڶ֮С

ллأȻ̫óʹôӰ֣Ƕ塣Щ츳

ܿ죬иһʵҵϢһѧﴫˡ

山ѧѧǷ绨ѩ£Ȼⲻ˹עǸĴһ

ʵôýģ˵Ҫܸ𣿡һ֪С¡

˵ʵңٿξͿֱˣעѾױѧĻߵѧ

ҼǵһһͽʵҵģǼǰһѧõofferǰѧֱӳˣҲʵҵģޱ

ֻһʵҶѣ⼸Ѿкü˸ˣޱܲͷĵͷԶԶȲѧ

ʵʲôǲǸսȥʱһϴԹܴɨ˼ʵ

ޱΪһ´ûУŸоѧѧʵ鷽ء

ԼʵҰˣҲȻûܰϴԹܴɨĴ

ʵⱾʵﱾĳ̬Ѵʱѧϰżһ㸨Լʵе

ǰޱʵʲôԼĹҫϾɨضûʸء

ǣǸսĴһȴֱӾܸѧѧʵ飬ޱѧݸֵɨû뵽˵ѧȴ˵ѧϰĹؼʱڣЩɨ֮ĹͲˣֱӰޱð

˵úѧϰƵġ

رĴһ¾Ͱ⼸ȵ˳

˵ˣĺܷһ

ˣ˵ǸҺ񿴼С˵һʲôѧһŵ飬ֻϧȻΧޱеӰ

ʲôޱʡ

ǡˣȫƪС˵Щ˵ýأҿſƻС˵һƪ

ޱüֱҪˡ

죬¡־ı༭Ҳֱҵ˴ѧ

ѧУһȦҵˡ༭Ǹշһӣ߶һ˶У԰תˡ

߱༭ôͻȻˣҲе⡣

֮ǰ߱༭һνΪ״Ԫԡ¡֮ǰС˵һƪС˵棬Ҳ΢һȫ״Ԫȶȡ

ⲻǸϢ߱༭ƪѡȥƪС˵ˣǸ׼콱԰ɡ

˶̲סһ㶡

ƻС˵Ҳѡֵ

ôܣǰֲûй߱༭Ц˵ˣƪС˵ӰȷʵСֱڣ༭绹ʱʱյƪС˵Ķء

ȫƪС˵ƪС˵Ȼ³Ѹѧȡڵʱ⻹ϺзĴ󽱣ڶ࣬һСľܿѧ绽ˡ

ԼܵýҲ⡣

ʵϰǮڣ˵̲סЦʵǰֻ˵ķģС˵Ǹϡ£ͦͦãҲʵҿհˡ

Ҳ̲ס

Ϊȥ佱񣬾صظʵ˼٣һȥİ佱᳡

ǩʱǱߵĹԱΪǸλģ˵ǵýߣԷ۾̲סĶþЩˡ

ڰźõλϵʱ򣬾Ǹ壬е죬ұǸ׷ԲԵ̣Ҳһࡣ

Ӧʶպ˼䣬źʾ֡

㻹ѧ˿ǲˣڶܵýˣЦֶǸ˵òѧ˰ɣҲֻоѧϵܳôѧɣ

̴Цϧû⺢ӣѧУģ

山һڣȻϵĴʱ֡

山ĿƣֺѧУʲộСѰԺоʱҪҪѧУһоˮƽ˦ѧУһȥǽǡ

һǣʦ˼ǹʱûпרҵ뷨

̲סЦ˼ҲǸСӣװĺһջǱﲻסЦҾ˵أõĿ͸ھģְڿǾû취

콱ʱ򣬳һŽ״ԪĽ𣬸佱ǡ¡ܱ༭һ˼˵˺þõĻȥףؾýҪĿĻǴ߸塣

ߵþһðŰɮŵʱ򣬲ųĳһ

ýµϻûнĶƪС˵һμӡֵ˼ǧԪ⣬кüýɷли山Уһִͳýȥе㲻ײࡣ

ƫƫֻ廪УĲɷá֮ǰ״ԪǴΣѾƷһӿļǸˡ

廪УɷõǸŮѧȻ֮ǰ˲ٹΣ;ҲΪ죬ġĴ̺һЩϸڣо״ԪѧȻʣˣ˵ѾһƪSCIģǲ֪ΪʲôͼûѰ¾ǲģ

ȫԴ󽱵С˵ѧȤģȴƺSCIҲǿƵĴѧѧȻĵĻ⡣

һ㶣û뵽ѧôϸ΢ĹζˣЦȷǷһƪʱһûѧϵַȻ山ǵλдҵĸС

ڸеʱѾSCIˣѧȻ͸˰˶ȡ

ҵʱѾбҵˡͼ͡

ֻϧʱѧˣһСϷܱʼ

山˵SCIһѧ˼ˡ

Ȼ֮䣬ѧУ˺˵SCIˣǮڶ̾˵㵱ʱôŷʲôҪǵλдı󣬿ɻһʽģһܷSCI˵Ҳǧ飬㹻üʵˡ

ڣھ벻ˣϰﾮʵ

ӦҲܰɣҿƪģǺˮƽģҲЩȥ룬ʱܷSCI˵Ҳʸ뾭ˡ

ǮߣѧֻʣĽˡ

ϺȻֵĶԾ˵㵱ʱʵҵʱôû£

˼˵ƪĵӰ̫ˡ

ٵҲǴһܷSCIţˣ̾㿴ͬһıˣΪһƪSCIͺͷأҾ˵ϵʱҾ;о츳üʱˡ

ΪԼȼ֮ʮֵ⣬Ҳ̲ס̾һʤˣҪǾþԺ϶ȥѧҲ˵᲻ἵˡ

ǿټϼԺã˲΢һ㣬覡

Ҳʱѳģѧϰǿϰʱ䶼һٵöࡣ

ܿ죬ϾͷԼҲûʲô̸ܽˡ

ΪϻҪԹ淶⣬͸

ҪģǾʱʱͻȻðֶʵȣҲֻʵǿʦϿ

ɼʦ֣ʵҵʱ򣬸ҲԶԶġ

ȻԼ͸ӱȲˡ

Ϊò̭յԱ˸˵ˮ

ͬʱʵҲдˡ

һƾüСʵϵɣ

ʼ磺Ҳɨĵʱ˳뵽ģʦָ

ʵʵҲȫ͹гǻûϵгǻǼҪɲ֣ʵƣԵļơ

21ͣӦѾ൱ձˣʵִƼо޴ƶõ1960űձӦãҲ70飬ҲˣΪӿѧ򣬶ԼоĲಢ̫

ΨһĲ࣬Ҫ桪һ㣬ĸ񶼲ࡣ

ڴУһ𼤹⣬ŵһӦиʵִᣬӦ÷ǳ㷺Ϊĵ׼ĳߣĹ⣬иӣͨţɨ裬ҽ򶼷ž޴á

ӦģҲһܹ׬ǮĲҵ

ֻĿǰԼо̫֣дƬƬġȴѡ

ҲɨһƪڼⲨĵʱ򣬲ͻȻ𼤹ӡġ

ʵϣڼǰһ̨ӡѾзȥHPѾƳ˵һõļӡΪһ˲Ʒȱݻв١

ڵļӡõǺʼһ弤Ϊ۱ˣɿʹõķΧܹ㡣

۴ӡٶȻǴӡϸ̶ȣɫӡõѡ񣬻ǰ뵼弤

뵼弤ֳƼܣʵʱҲΪڰ뵼ɱߣ÷Χޡ

ǾּպΪ뼯ɵ·ݣǴչӦ÷Χ

ʵҵ뵼弤ķװ˵ⶫɱ̫ߣ׶벻ϣҪǻ򵥵ʵ鷽ϣһ¡

˵ĵһʵ鷽³Ǳֱڳ룬Ǿȷʵûʲô⣬Ҳе˼ܵõĳ¿ҽ顣

ʵϣʵ鷽֮оԼҲȷܵõʲô

һСоͨķˮı֣иߵļȺҲпܣֻмûмֵС㣬ƬƵƬɺߣҲǲŽҵı䡣

Ǿʱһȥһ

ڿн磬һļʾԸߴ99%ԣһʵ鷽ۣȤֵóԣӱǾԲǳɹĻ

ֻвϵĳԣѾˮһȥпһ֪ʶŮ΢Ц

ʵ鷽Ȥӱķ룬ǣΪ˷Ѽǧľѣ뻹û

ϾѧϰǿǱʱ򣬵Ҳһ벻ѵĴһѡ




78  78    

78
ʵƵȥ֮ǰ, ҲûԼ

ǣʵʵ̫ˡ

ʵҲɲͬڹƣ򵽵ı׼, Ҫĸ

򵥹, һ׹, , ǧ𶼴ס

ڶδİգ֪ӦЩŬ, Ǿı׼ȻҪһʵ顣

ܵõãʮϰҲпܵġ

Ǯˮһ⻨, ֱǷַƲĽࡣ

ɲԼܸߵҵʵĵز

ҵ绹һַʽҵʵҺ

ҵ򣬳һ־, ʵҹضĿ, ݾԳɹϻ߷ֳɡ

山ʵвƵĿһίзǹ, һ, Ǯࡣ

뿴˾ʵƣֻ˵ҪǮȻûĵʱ򣬾Ѿʼĥڶַˡ

Ȼʵ豸, оԱѵ㣬Ѿ˳ķ˭Ǻ

һԼ˵ҲǮڵļ׷, ôһˬء

ȣ£һ£Ǯ

ǱѾȶӯڣʮѮ֮ǰᶯǱǮ

ųɶǱߣѾʹˣزȳߣصķֺȵһλҪ࣬ǼʮǮҲò׼

پ״Ԫ֮ǰĵвСĳž˵ģ״ԪƷƴ˳ȥݸֿ죬סʡгͬʱΧŵơֻϧͬҲûǮ뾮Ԥ㣬вСľ롣

Ǹ绰ʱ򣬾˽ĺϢԭ״ԪúãҲְˣ۲ĸΣ׼һǲμһʳƷᣬ˳ƹǵĻȳ

һĺϢ

²㲢û̫ı仯ֻԭȻ۾ЩɵĹâһ˵ԼĹϲ֮ǰʧ˸Ѿײˣһ䣬ȫǸɾĽ㡣

˵״Ԫ»ҲȫǽҲĸȻвҲʼȳˣǳĻģϷ˹ָֻҪǳ״Ԫأ˵Сӳѧϰźá

⻰̲סЦ״ԪǿݳƷֶǮˣζãҪһ쵽ĳԣôηֵĶ浣ĻԳʲô

֮ǰĻȳӣֵˣҪǴζԹøóˣЩķӣӦǰѺˣ۸Ǳ˲٣ҳſѳˡ˵

Ǹ˻䷽ģѣҳõԼЩֻΪ˸ƿζǸģΪ˽ͳɱ

չҪʵˣµ۸ѾʼԼԼ˲ۿĳɱҪǣһɱɾͰװ׶Ǯ

ҦĵģҲ¡

һЦ§סĸ첲㣬ųɶﲻǿ»û

µͷǸ׳ǲģҲҪ̫๤ҲǺܻӭһƷҲרŴչˡ

Цﻹкü²ƷأЩߣһ㣬ҲЩζɱҲߣûȤ

۾һ

䷽ӦĻ򷨣㻹Ҫ˵Ц˵

ȳûԺ󣬸ֳ²ƷȻǰһ˹ӣΪ͵ټ򵥵ĿеȻٲ˸ֳʲô׶ֻĿζֻɽγ˵ˣʵҲû̫

У׽ˣҲɴ࣬򷨣㻹Ҫ˵˵

һ֣Ǹǰһ䷽Ҳһ

ڶָӱЩϷֳɣеŵֻֻһң۸Ҳ̫ߣǻеҪ۷ֳɡ

һ㶣ҪҲƵĻأ

ŵЦǵĻҪģ³Ҫ꣬еҲԺͳǩһŵЭ飬ϳƶȺܸߵĲƷֳЭϣȻǰԼй¶ܣҪȻҪҪ⳥ġ

Ҳ֪ҵè࣬ҪԼ˶ģֱӸģ治ַ

˽ʹ㡣

״Ԫǲÿ궼и߿ʡߣȫһܳЩ״Ԫȶȿ϶ܳóȥȳ۸񲻱ˣҲƷͬʻ̶̫ߣȵȶȳ׹ȥԺҪôλºλгҲûһ÷

ʱϷֳɣȷһ⡣

Ӻãȸĥô㱨˵ȸ˵˵²Ʒʲôġ

һ˵ȳԥԥͬʱľ£ˬ

ƼģƤ

ʵϣƤһֺܻӭĲƷʱʷԣˣʳҪҲӳԱ˳ԺãƤȻߵףǺ뵽ߵ̴֬ʳƷҲ

ǣɱͰ

ΪƤҪԭϣƤļ۸ֱ͸һҰʮ֬ҷķûΣּ۸˵ƤȻҲ̫䡣

ҪǣҲмġ

֮ǰû֮ǰѾڳоⷽĻֻΪûʽƳ

ʱóǮһӾ뵽

ƤҪľǿڸкͱڣؼܹˣƵĲƷҲõġ

Ƥҵ֪¾ȣҲȳ

ȻԣζͦءЦ

ƤǱһˣڸQĹպǳˬڡǾƤȻҲQĿڸУڸϸƶȴ

Ըļ۸⳦Ҳپ󸾡

õɱ¸Ķˡ

һṤϵ飬ʹȥԼĺԺ

ھ¿û뵽ƾúųɶ̶̼仰ô£ôͰˡ

æֻ΢ʰһ£񻹲סˣҵװʦúʰһ£ʱͰҲԾס̸˵

ĺԺλúãϾǳ֣ӵıҲֻ΢ʰһ£ָϢУ·ɵĴҹˡ

תһȦ»ṩ˲װ޷ȵķ֣ҲٱǸųɶɿ׶ˡ

ھǹһȦ¾ͻдȥˣ뿪ǰ˵ᾡظ

հѽͻȥתͷָųɶһ绰˵ҵҵˡ

ųɶհһʡߣһӵĵ绰̲סУҵḶ́ﻹæýŲŵأĻʱҵ񡣡

һԼ뷨һ˵۾˲ˣã߶ܵʵݣȷǸ˶²

ֻҪû䵽ϸ⣬⿿¿ûô˵

ҪǷڼʮ󣬴Լҵʲôˣʱ򣬴ҵ˸£ԸӪСҵûô༼ۣʱ⼸⣬ûô򵥡

ǾУҪǽȤȥϵλʡﶼкü̸ءųɶ߸˵

ܿϧûųɶᣬڶ죬¾ʹι;̸ͬˡ

ֻϧӶ࣬ҲӲҵ̸ȴһϲͨҲ飬ֱӰѼϼ˹ȥҪųɶȥͳ̸

Ǳ̸һ궰еⶳӯʮ㣬Ȼÿ꽵һ㣬һֱûƵĻԺ󣬶еͿһֱõһɡ

ֿ࣬Ǿ֪δųɶãǸĺ⡣

Ծ˵һ뵽ϾҪϯȫĻȳ񳱣ڵгֻúһӽ

ǱߣҲµջ

ڽǴҵھطǸ۵СλˣμӲ̯λǸһƷҵģϲμһССĽ

տʼǼ죬ż·ļ߶գιˡ

һСɥ̯λϣҸղȥһȦȳĿɲ٣ǵĲƷһ㣬Ҳûóȥ

¿˿ûŵ̯λֱӰѳһ˲ǾȥЩҵζҲˣǵĺãֻҪڿ죬϶ȥġ

ȻͰ״Ԫĳ»гС飬ƤðӻȳΪ꣬˲ڵС״ԪģȥԳԣȻűƷĻᣬץʱƷɹ˼Ȼ۸񲻸ߣҲû

ʱ򣬾һ˽ǳĲƷ˿ʱģһһߵͷζǲȲٻȳóԶˣǵȷʵ̫λǰû˵

Цⲻһ͸Ͽμˡ

˵ͷǿûǹڵ棿

ӣ棿µɴ۾

ټﶼеˣҲ⣬ҲϵĹ棬ǣû¡

˾ǵ̨ģԭˣĸ½ڵ̨

»ȥһĴȣǸ¶ӣͷѹһţ״ԪܳΪȫ֪Ʒء

֮ǰ;֣ڻȳǲɱеƣԶԶ硣

£ɲǲһȫĹ

ǡ

ҪǮʡ

±ļ۸񣬾̲ס̾ԭҲûô߸ϣǺġ

ȻڵĹˮƽѿȻǸ֣ʮϰķãҲǾ¿¡

ǰѵ绰һҦȴԥİ壺ſԿӹǵĲƷأ¿ɺãֱ˯ͷ

Ҫ棬ҪѡõʱΣʮ򶼻ˣҲһʮ

ԱţҲɸ̾ҦǺġ

£õǸʱΣ¾Ҫ150Ҫ״Ԫ׬

һȳһ壬۳ɱɲҪ

һ᣺ȻȺúһ¾ĴʩҲŲС

¾ͼææȥͳоܵˣҲϸųɶ绰ҪǱһȫϡ

棿ĳɹģû⣬һӣұ֤ȹӦǸӡ

ǱҲҹ˻ᡣ

ûôֽҦʹһģҲ˴ʸõҲˣִ󳧣Ȼرɡ

ǴҪǹûôôǻô찡˵ĵ˵

ҲʱձĵģҪȻҲൽ˴ˡ

û⣬ǵ״Ԫ϶ܻ𣡡Ҧڳߣ˵ҲãֻҪ˰壬׾ƹ㿪

ǣһ̨ȻĴ󳵣Ѹж

˵ҦҲ̲סզ࣬ųɶҲܸӡ

ǣӺȻ֣ȳȻˡ

Ҳû⣬ֳʳǻһʱ䣬ǹҲܳȥתͷĥȥˡ

ųɶǱߣæ׼һʣǣһֱָʵʽһʱǺѴˡ

ʧأ׹ǱߵĻУȴӭ˴ա

Ҳ˵Ǿ񣬻츳ʽﵽһĹģûķԺ󣬾ͻˣ׹ǱߵϵҲÿһ绰ѡ

ȻͨʱӵеıʱȻͳĬˡ

˵һߣǰֵƵʮľȻ˲

ȥҵɣ2281𡣡ڵ绰ͷŬѹסԼĵ֮顣

ôģⷭҲ̫˰ɣԤҲǼѣʮѾǺ˲õĳɼˡ

ĺٺЦϢ׼ȷټϸܸˣһСģ׬ôࡣ

̶£һǮûҲ׬ٶĵ⾢Ͳˡ

Сһҵ͹ˣԼһСȻջûüǹǷǱ߿Ҳرˬ

ʱҲѾľ޶ʽһͷˡ

ӹʲôʲôֻҪԸ⣬ôôң

Ȼһ뵽ʵ龭ѣ˲ήˡˣʺϸңǱѧУְֵĴȣ˳׷ʵҲͦġ




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쾮յʵ, ͸һϢ˵ǽڰľѾˣһǧ顣

Ǯ˵, ϾŴһ, 뵽Ѿܲ, Ҫٳɹ, Ҳ˸ףѵ¶Ц

һǧǮ, Ҳôõֵġ

ȻǮѾﾮͷˣҪԼд鷽飬ȻٵȲǩ֡

ľѲ, Сʵ飬Ǹһ𶼿ԣĸ˽, ʵƻҪһ, ֶҪǧģҪȻǮҲ, ҵĽ, Ǯܷڹڿģķˣ뾭Ѿ׵öࡣ

, ʵʵ鹷һˣĽ׷

ʼǸʵѧϰ๤ױȽͻ, ϣõһ㣬ҲлһЩΧڵĶʵ飬ã˵츳Ⱥ˵¶дƪģ뾭ѵʸ

⵽һܴʵҾˣһŮѾʼдˡ

˵ʵıƹǲоҲͬĽѡ

ĽҲûãбʱ䳤󣬻رױνŵû

˷ʱȥʣʵʵһ㣬ŴѵУǿڿҿʵֹ͵ģʷҲûС

뾭Ҳͬһ׵ģɹġѣɹġپѣرشɹӰӵSCIġѹ

нԽɹ󷽣ǣҲֻɹߡ

ñʲôʵȥ𣿡ʾҪǲȷĻҲ԰ṩ򡣡

˼Цѧһϵһ߿ƼҵԷԸ⸺֮ǰǸʵƵоѣ֪һǧǮɲһȥ

һ㶡

ν׷ҪǮԼҪ󣬴ʱ򣬻һеĳƺ׷ְ֡

ֻϧԴ山뵱׷ְ֣ҲҪһġ

͸Լ˰裬ǹӶһձҵķϵѧ档

ϵѧǾҵģҵ䵽һҵλеʱ׬׬졣

ôҲû뵽սӵĵһȻǸڵ山ʵ̸

СеˣУ山ʵҵθƹȥˡ

ʵСʦﶼɹǮںƹȥģҪԪ

ʱ򣬹жȱأͳʱɶ⼸꣬üǿԹڳ˴ţװߣǮ

ֻϧûǮڱſ㴢ԾöҲֻܿˮ

ڵоҲһ

ʵܹ;ԲڵģʡǮǴҪؼû㡣

ĳЩڲԲȴ򱨸棬Ǿʲôʱ뱨֪ͨ

ҵĴ죬ǻʲôԥģͬ˵

𰡣

ЩǮǮҪܾǫ̃˿ָ̨ˣн˿򺸻һҲϣС

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רϺͷֳɵ⣬ԷѡֳɣԸṩʮԪоѣҪ70%רȨϣһԸʮ

Ǯڴһӣֳ̫鷳ϰɣ

оܲܲɹǮڿò׼оʲôܲǮ٣ܻܲ㣬ҲͬǸ⡣

׬ǮרɲǴײˣͼô϶ֱ㡣

Ǯڵѡ⣬ʵϣѡҲģȻǮںԥѡ˺ߡ

ȵǩЭ飬ǸʦԺǮڲŶž˴ĴָôʽĿԺڿԴΪ

û˼˵ʵԼǮ

Ǯ˵Ȱʵ鷽ùǺúооʲôҪĽĵطûС

ϸϸǷⱻڳʵ鷽Ǯĥţе˼

뵼弤ƵоǮʾضķûУ

Ȼ󷭵һҳϸʵ˵ǮϾͷӦǼӡˢ

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˵ⲻʵҶоǮֹһ䣬Ҳû˵ʲôȻҵԸǾԿ˵ȵĳɹһڿհҲǿԵġ

룺Լѡ˼ĿС飬һʮʵõͲˣȡܷƪƯġ

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Դ׼֪ʮôһⶪȥһ˳һߣҲζŲǻôҪ˺һڣѾǮڸ⿪Ľˡ

²㣬ǮҲԭⲻĸѧУʵҶҪһֹѣһһ㣬жʮҸʵ飬ѾõĽˡ

ѧУʵҾ鷳豸Ȼȫʵ̫ࡣ

°ͣʼĥ˽ʵҵͷڿ϶Уò֣ԼǮ̨豸Ҳܲסˮһȥľѡ

Ҫ׬Ǯ̾

ôܹһʵСʱ򣬾ʵ鹷̲ס˾̾

ʵľʮ򣬻Ԫʱ־̾͸ǿˡ

Ǯڵǲ밲ֵ¸õоԱ𣬱ϾǮƾҪ˼ҽ⣬ԷָΪĿĸˣǮǾģǮҲֱժӵΪ

ҪǣκҪ˳˵һλᣬҵֱҳʮĴͻôҪòС

ǮҲͶԷϵã˵ûʲôݹϵΪ˴ȻֱĿûĸ֪ڻͷʵ

ҪҲôྭѣҲһԼĿ飬ʵ顣ֻƾһ仰˶졣

ѿоԱǮΪʲôʵελãףΪܸѡ

Ҳһ

һһˣŷһƪӰӺܵ͵ģǹƾܸ㵽ѣʸĿʵ顣

ʵңôһ쳣ʵ硣

ȻʵʧܣоԱĿ鱻ľѱ٣±ط·ܶҲͬʵһ档

侮ûûе̵ˣվסˣܳ״ӹˣҪûվסȥԼûи꣬Ҳѻ

˶ڹԶŮǼ漣Ǳ׻⻷

֪ԼûȥʵõǼˣѡһƽƽĴʵ鹷иƵϡ

ԱƢã˵ҪһʵԭֻһС˵ҪȥĿȻԥĵͷӦ

һһֻһʵ鹷һС£оС鸦һ̲סЦ

˽˵Ǯھ̫˵ˣ㾭ǾģһоԱȥֱӼܿʵҲûʲô˵ģ˵˼һҪлǸоԱֱӴء

ôţҲһ̨ӳһ˷Ѿѡ

˭ҵǮҲǴģҪǸûŸʵ鲻ţʮľأʵҼλڸڣɱЧˡž棬װģͱ˴˵

ǣһҲ˵ű˵Ǯʵ飬Ҫûɹɲ˷Ǯֶ山

һۣû˵ֱȥʵĵ̡

ϵԾ˵ҴˣǺظڿľˣ޶һë

ظڣͷʵֵµĿ龭ѲԪ𣬸ȶԶԶ磬Ҳѹŷˡ

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׼׶һҲҪ֣һӶ˵ܺƤʱҪѣʵôоС飬һùϵʵ黹ҪҪˣ

һۣ΢΢ʦ֣֪㲻˼ܾ˼ңʲôҪֱң֮ܶʵﻹǳɹΪģҶģҲһʵˣұһƪ3.5ϵSCIûġ

˵ֵǮҲҪʲôطʲôʱ

ڵĶڰʮҲûֵ̫һƪSCIǿɾȫһˡ

ƾһ㣬ҪһƪSCIĶоҵԺУܼ򵥲١

ϰ壬ҲܲԱߵĴ۾Ź⡣

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ǹŰȻʣڶ山Ҳһû˿

Ȼʵ飬Ǳߣʵȴ˾ƢãʵСѹե˼ҵĴԣ˵ϺôʵСĶ֣һˣһǮѶ۸ġ

ŮǹģԺ˭ȢǱݺݾܾڱԹ

Ǹã͸ǸࡣһҲݺ˵

ЩлͬҲǮڶȥˡ

̫ҲУҪŽԵһ״ĸڣǮصͷȻŬڳģüۼЦֺǺǵġ

ǸˣǮڰһڣ˵ȥǱߵĽչİͽһ

˹ȥʱ򣬾æһֵʵ飬Ǹѧڱϰд¼Ǯڣ뺰ȴǮڻӻ֣ʾҪǡ

ȻǮϢһʵ¼һֿһ˵ĲȻϢ뿪ˡ

ʦ˵Ҫú˵˵ôˡʡ

ǮںЦһϻЦеģҿʵչ˵ܳЩɹһѣְֲַ֮£Ժʮа˾ŻǼϼһΪܰѹסЦ

Ŀô󣿡ʦۣʮ־졣

Ҫʦþʵܳɼɲ˵ֻ

һ3.5SCIܹûģʵңҲһ¡ǮڻֺǺǵģжȴ;˵Ĳࡣ

ʵ׼ҼصʵҵѡһƪSCIͶһǮڵ̬ȣǾǶơ

ǼЩ궼ûɹڹڿˮĵĸڣͷθߣǮĿеĵλ»ȲǸһ




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ǡõҪĽˣǱתĵӰڴﵽʵҪʱ, ϻЩš

ѧʵ˵Ȼߴϣǳȷķʹļ֤⣬ȫǿˡ

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Ѿǵ75ʵˣԶԶ˾֮ǰԤƣʵ龭ۿžҪˡ

ԥ׷Ӷʽʱ, ڵóҪĽ

ӡҪǸݾԭüͼ١ͶӰй, õӷŵī, ӶʵֵĴӡЧȴͳīʽӡ, ӡٶȸ, ߣչԺ󣬴ӡЧд裬ӵмϸ履ĻС

Ȼ, ӡŸոƳгãҲв١

ȾǻϸȲҪΪɨعʱ򣬹˥, ˡ׻ҡӰ˳򵥵Ľ취ڴŹϼʵĽֱƫѹԵī۹Ĵݡ

ĴӡŨȵڣʵǵӰƫѹ

һ취ǵڰ뵼弤Ĳ

˵Ӱƫѹ޵ķΧӻĲڣֱӰѼӡһΡ

ҲǾĿĿġ

ˣڶʵʧԺ黯ҵĲΧ

ǲǿԿʼдˣڴĻڡ

ĿԿʼˣͷʵ黹ûȫꡣ

ҵʵĲΧʵͻƣǾ׷ģʵʵܰĳЩŴѳƱĿҵĳɹ



죬山շҵͻȻ˵ǾļʵյǴӺĹģҪѸ˹ȥá

ǺݸĵĶ˺ʡ

ҡҡͷǣʵҪõ

ո͵ʵģǾصİĻ⻹ֻеһ룬̨Ѿ͵ھǵĺԺȥˡ

һ̨IBM5150ϵһ̨˵ԣһ̨ǸвõHP LaserJet Classic漤ӡ

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ȷҲʵ˵ΧۣǮڶչ̨ṹ㸴ӵĸ˵Բװ飬Ҹ̾

Ǹö̫ˣҲܵߡղŻòֺǮڣԸ˵Ե۲̫ߡ

山Ҳдͼвһô󣬼ݴ̨ǿ̶̼Сʱܴ˹ҪݣΨһǮھòľҪŶӡҳֽʽύȥʱҪһ²ϡ

̨νĸ˵ԣȷʵȤȴͼУӦóʵãмȤСϷ

Ҳ˶ѣǮھã˵Զ෽칫Ƕڿеĸʵڱˮн

һ̨ӡȥνĸ˵ʵһЩ

ʱļӡֻܴӡɫٶȱīʽĿ˲٣ҪʹīУȷʵȽ˲١

һ˵̨ļ۸񣬲˶̲סҡͷҲ̫ˣΪ˽ʡôһʱ䣿

ʡ˵оԱԴ˶ܲ⡣

ʱǸϰߵģǵͳɱ֮µĵЧʣ෴

ȴ֪ȻīʽӡȻǼͥûѡǴӡٶȿ죬ӡƷҲõļӡսΪ칫

Ųٿ˾ҲͬƵǰҪȻҲؽͶĿǰɱߵ˲ҵ

׼ģǶָĽ̨ӡļٴӡеĵӶʹıָӳɫ

ǣŵʵҵĵڶ죬̨ۼ۲ƵĴӡѾˡ

ô𿪻װϲϿһҪǮ

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ӡҪԸйĳą̃ĳṹȴǵ缫˿դϽṹûаװĳ罺

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ģһܿʶʽĳṹܻܿͷŴĳ

ȻΪ˳ն˲꣬һŨȵĳȴΣ˺Ƥͺ

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ֻôһСͲҪʵҵĲˣ׼˳һררҲǺġ

˵רڵʦͲôˣڲȱǮɴһóר˾֣ȻշҲרҵԣҵĻǸɣǰѯѾÿСʱǧҪǾŶӼˣһ֡

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ƢãڿϿ̫ȴһĹҵ˲ţֻܿԸ־ƣƽٶȷʵҽ׶θ졣

һƪĻûд꣬ǱߵĽչѾƽܹרĳ̶ȣ֮죬Ѿһ

ĴƢĸԱʦ֣ԺҪҪҵչ

ϲ˼ӣҲоͦȤģҵѧУɲˣҲ٣Ǻһ㣬Ҳûʲô˼

Ҫȥҵףо山ֶѧʵҵĲ࣬򵽻ǵľҲ˶١

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ͷҲû˵ʲôֻɵĴ˴ֽ棺ƪѾдˣȸǮڿһûͿԼĳȥˡ

׼ĵһƯӢľ̲סһʵ鹷Ҳĵı

TɣǼͦϲĵģͨĸʱȽϴ󡣡˵

õģǮڵһʱһĸʽԵģǺܿ췢֣ƪֹ򣬱ԼĶǿ

ҲǣϾǸʱõSCIһˡ

TǮڶƪΪ֣ȷʵڿӰӲߣҵڵӰܴ󣬶ңƪϲ򡣡

ǮνӰӲߣʵҲ3.5㹻Ϊоıҵˡ

жԼʺļڿϣͨǸ߻ǸͣͬҲһѧʡ

ȻⷽҲ

Ǯ̾ĵͷϣ˳

ڿĲȡƶȣһһλҵڵרңڿΪеѧΪˣƪܷ񱻲á

Tƣвͬٽڿ༭վǲĳλĹ۵㣬תˡ

»Tһλ༭

ӵƱҵϽͬʱҲнιһ棬ԸͲҵרҶѺõĹϵԼʱơ

죬յһңԶͶ壬ֵ̽ĻһǰΪŵ򣺰뵼弤Ӧá

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ĵͨѶλ山ʵң»ȼǵʵһλڹнѧߣһȴһѧһð»̲סü

һߵܣüͷ΢΢ɿѧѧˣ֮ǰΪ߷һƪģΪɼź˵õһĿ

еԶ»ʼ磬֪ĳЩôĹңѧҪһƪĲô򵥣Ҳζţһĳ˶ܵõĻᣬҲȹ֪ʵҵѧҪö࣬һСӣһȽȽǡ

ǣκһڿ༭ϣ̲סֵȤ£ǽ

»ȶJingXiƪĵһӡǳá

ĸʽİ棬ͼƯһþѵӢоʿġ

ıϾƷ»ҡҡͷһô

һƪϸģֵñõģҪһӱԣҪôֵ¶Ҫôǰ˷ĻŻ

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ƪڰ뵼弤Ʒ£ժҪдֱ߱˷ԽԵĳҲдʮˡ

»ȷɿһףֱ㷨ʵ֡

ߵѧ൱ĵһӦʵҲƯ

»ȵˮƽȻڿ༭˵רҵжϣȴѵôʵתеˣҲʵԲ㣬˵ĵˮƽʣڶڿ༭ҲǷǳġ

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ͷֻһʧˣҵʵҺʱҪǵ⣬ڿ༭ûʲôϵ

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ǵλרңȴٳûиۡ

ڿʱܿɣһҲȥߴˣ»ֻڼ±򵥵ļһʣæȥˡ

˹ǼӡȨҲǶڿˡ

һʮ꣬ʮĴӣΪᰮˣƤɹƯĹͭɫε۾ѧĿޣҲǻ۵Ĺâ

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ǽղŵĵ绰Ժ󣬱ָˡ

ʲôǸĶѾרƸȺѪ˹ڵ绰

źרõ÷ǳƯҲ֪ЩһȻҪǮطʧ󡣡绰Ǳߴε

ʵҼľѾôˮƯˣǸĶ˾Ǵðģǰûģ˹ŭ

ҲصĹȸ׳ţƺʼ磬Щֻ

˹Ǹ˵ļһ˴Ӷʱʼѧ츳ͲʣƫƫΪ㹻ˣĳָѧֱʵܱ˸һЩȡõĳɹҲһ㡣

һȣͲȣ˹ʮͳһѧʵΣǰѲͬ˶˦һء

ֻϧƺˡ

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ǣժҪͱʱѾ̲סֱͦ㷨ʵʱ򣬱ȫ亹

֪ðߣȻѾԶԶǰͷ

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˹ڵĸо뱻׻һ̯ϣܾö˵Ҳ붯

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ڸȫ򶥼ʵҵľаٻɡ

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ԼջЦʵελҲһܱס

˹ҲԸʵ

һԾ𣬺ԥϣдһĲͨ

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Ըü»ҡͷ˳ְ˹ڵϵʽԼıʼǱﳹ׻ȥ

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һأصԼ༭ݣƪһڷ

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ǵǰȵ㣬Ǽӡ򣬳˼ҵʵҽΪǼоĿĸ

˹ʵңǼ֮һоİ뵼弤Ʒ򣬸ȫΨһǸͻȻðģĶʵҡ

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˵һ˵ļһҪûƪģ˷ѵľֻ࣬ʱ䣬һڶ豭ŵ΢Цֻϧһλֱ̫˷κ




81  81    

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TĻظٶȱԤϵĶ, Ҫǣֱͨ

Ҫ޾ǲĽС, ֱͨҲλĽ, ִ

һǰĳȥ, һλظ͵, ޸Ļ£ڶλظ, Ľǲͨ˵⻰ʱΡ

֮ǰŹλظڵѧֺƤˣһƪԼӢģ뾮

æľС, ӹԷģӦָ޸ģٿǧлĸ뿪, ʦּ۾㿴, Ȼûе

ϲ˼Ц˵ģֻҪܳɼ, һк˵

ʱ, űٴ죬һŰĺɫɽװͷһ˿ʮŮ߽ϻŻŵվ, ˵ںá

ֻǸڣܿһһ۵ľĴǣֶԾͷ, ǽܿǸʵĿˣи̽£֪ûʱ䡣

ȻСо֣̬̽ʮֿš

ǰҲ˵λܿڣһУʵеŮڣǿҲģǰĳЩ˵ģ̫壬ᡰˡûŮζ

Ҳ֪ȺڴŮζӦʲôģԽܿڵӡ󻹲

һλǳϽƽڣѧϸ΢˵ֲʧȤȻûϹĿΣǽƾμ򵥵ĽжϳλĽѧˮƽӦ൱

ܿΪ˾漰һ⣬ǡɺоķغϡ

ֻϧûоֽ̡֣̽

ˮƽӽо⣬ʵһ泩飬Ҳѹֿѧʷôڲ軰ļѻ

ܿԾȻҲͣԺķչȷǰ뵼弤ˣûȤҺ

Ǹܣֻǡݵжѣĸоһûá

ܿЦҲǣŴһôʱ򣬻ڹũѧء

վ׼ǵʱ˵ڴԺڰ뵼һмֵǰѧƣȻҪҪߣʱҡ

ȵܿˣϲųһȻܺͽôã㲻ܿ𣿡

һͷˮĿȫá

ϵʵ̫ˣεʱµľǱش⣬һ׷⣬ʱ˲ˡµ˵

ʵϣղžͽһһʱԼҲƣǺȻЩѧˣȫûںͽڵĶԻ·硣

ֻúͽڽǳ졣˵

װģĨһ¶ͷϵĺˮǴΪкƵĵطɡ

һԿг˿ȣһ츳ʮ㣬һռ磬վ˽Ÿ

һսʵҵʱ򣬻оƯѧôϾ;úЦ

Ŷ̶²ǣԾ̬ȶǿͿˡ

֮ǰ˵ڿ磬ܲɹҪ顣



ǮڲμһѧУᡣ

϶һĳɹĿǴҪģ˵ģǸּҳ̡

ĸսʵҵС˸öĺӣѧϺģʲô˵

Ǯһֱֵһߣȵ˸̾Լѧô̶̲ʱڱﲻס¶ֵ΢Ц

֪ǻǲǵһǸ״ԪƵ뻰⡣

ѧУ״Ԫֲϡ棬һĵһѧڶûöɣôˣĶǸʵҵθΣѧϰɼǸĻʵдĵ

ȻʱȷʵͳɼȣǸ߷ֵܵĺӣ˭û

öˣҲ͵ˡ

ֻһڣȻʲôˣǰòѧ˵ǸоѾһƪSCIǲģ

ǮڵЦݸӺˣģϾҪڶƪˣһͨѶλдҵʵңӰ3.5

ΪѺĿǾԼģټУĿǮڲûҪԼͨѶߣֻҪһͨѶλʵҲҪ

˾һָǮڣСӿɲصûͰõѧŪʵȥˣ

˭ǿ״ԪġǮںܲĺٺЦ

һʱ䣬Ĵ⣬˵˵ꡣ

ڿķʱ仹Ҫȵ¸£ʱ򣬾ٲȻѾΪʵܻӭˡ

Դְ˸˼ƪģѧѧ㶼ŷоǣԱҵľ޴ѹҲںŴһԼĹָ㡣

Ҳ߲ܣˮƽߣֿ죬ʱܿһƪ˵ͷͷǵ

տʼ˾ãô죬Ҳ֪濴ȥ˻װķĵȱ㣬޸ķ˳ץʱ򣬼˶ˡ

˵ǸдӢĵˮƽܲظڶĶˣԼѧйð޸塣

ѧǰòźƤ˼ңõ˰ʱ̫ԸԼλʦ

ظѾʮˣͺͷͦơƶǣǸŷб˲ռ˵ˣԼˮƽǳһ㣬ȴϲѧָʹѧҲ֪ٴҴǹͳͲˣԼǰ;Ҳֻӡ

ҵʱʱôû山ѧѧúôʦƷˮƽأУģһرԼӡ

Թ鱧Թ»Ҫġ

ǵ˾ʵңȴ˲ڡ

˵ǻؼˡ

ؼңǾˣѧʡ

ǣ˵ǻȥһˣҲ̫˵

ԼĺԺдˡ

Ǽ߱Ŀ⣬մHKɹһ糾͵ģʱȴֲź;˵£ĲιСԺӡ

֮ǰƸǸʦǾˣѰһջܳɫľʦ˵˼ڻʹµģ䵽䣬˹Ӫľżӵ˽

ʦպã۹Ҳﾮ˺üҾ߻ԭտյķ䶼ˣûǮ̫ЩҲùɫŴ

ʱٻӦ٣ɴʦרŰɫǰ⣬ҾߣŴֻŶ֮඼УѲ࣬ҲǸȤ

Ǯʵǳ룬Ŷ߹˷µĹŶ͸Ƶġ

Ǯ󷽣ʦҲʾϲʲôʱ˵ؼҪÿĬһ

ҲȥƹۣҪټֻտŻģָֻҪĳģ

ֻҪƯġʦֻһ

ʲôƯ룺ǾͶЩֻɣСҲУ̺֮ģźÿ

ղزԣ֪ԺŶļ۸ǣЩˮ̫ͶʼֵƱء

ƱҲչˣ׼ȵԺСһŴƱȥ񣬼򵥴ֱֱӣʲôﶼá

ЩŶ͵໨װ޷ˡ

ʦͷʾˣתͷͰѾСĺԺװøӸûʣֲʧš

ԺӳСһ㣬ͷĲó裬ҲʱĸǵӲˡʦĸ˵

Ҳ֪ǰĸʲôȷʵãͦƯġ

ɣһǵصصлͨԹڹŵĻϤ̶ȣ˵ȾҪ

ֻתһȦӢͬСרӦһǳеļ̫ͥͣ˵ἤŭ

һŵĲ˲ͷϵĺ飺ѵ֮ǰõķôȫˣ

ƺֻϾܲרһҪõֵġлͨε˵

ʼ˵Ҫչһר⼸˴ǱŶȼٵ̬ġ

Ԫڻ֪ȻܲרĹɼ۳Ԫǣ˵ֻҪǧԪЩûʲôʶĶ˾ͻ۰Ͱ͵ͷӦ

࣬ҲһѣҪٶһЩ˵Щ˵Ŀ˻ἤ٣ʹȥǾˡ

ǵϸϣר˲ô򵥡

Ȼ˹רƸĻȺв˿ͷ۵Ѫȳ棡

Թ㣬ררϵĻѾͳʮ򡭡֪һˣǴŪôǮģ

˵ˣҪôǮȥĸңĻúã

˿ƺר˵һо߶ԴǸ׵ѡ

ǣλŮʿйһȦԺ󣬾ĿеĵλѾֱĵλ

壬鷳ҵ̸ж

֮ǰõ̸зƺòƷһѣ




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˺ŷǮǴĽ١

Щϲװǻ, ѪΪŮʿǣǻһЩĽ

̸ʱ

ֻϣλŮʿⷽĽ΢һ㡣

̲סһλ⴦ʹסլ, ֻѹˡ

ҲѹλŮʿһǧ, רݴƯ

̲ס̾һ

Ҳڸ̾

Ҫô˵ʱҿ, Ļûʽ, ߾ζˡ

ȻԷȴһֵ̫ļ۸, 㵹ǽоˡ

׵ͼ۵׼ˡϾĲǣݺ˺ҧһڣô̫

һʱ˷

Ѳɣʲô֪飿

ŵ΢Ц, Էһ׼ĵصʳʽʼ̸۸

ȻˣЩǮϲõЧʾ߹󡣡Ҳ̾

һ, , ߵűϣĶǸһŵķ˵ȥϵHKķ, ҪڴӡгϢ

Ǽҹڲٵطз, ˾˳Ҳҵ鱨

æҴҵ˳ȥﻹ̲ס򶨡

ղҲڳСǼбǮ, ŵòվסû뵽Ȼһڵģ㶼

ڽ˿ľ, ǰģµʳ̲סһ¿ˮ

Ǹ̲ͬס֣һһֵ㣬ſһҧŶˣͷɣǳǳɣ

һһСУɵ͸ˡ

εĿԼĳԻͬһۣʣǸղűǸ۸𣿡

˭֪أ˵ıܺҾ۸Ѿˡʼ磬̲סһСֱ

ܾﲻ̫Ծô뿪ôˣֲһѺ

ʱ򣬾Цӯӯ˽׶ǻдλԶĿˣ˼˵ọ́˳Ƽ˹ڼɽʤֿʼһһʳȤţڼлͨˣ˵Ŀѣˡ

λŮʿһλ˰κģԼͬ롣

Ϊʱ䣬Լˡ

Ҳǵһη֣ԼȻôܹ

˵ԺʵˣȥչһƤصҵֵ룬һǱܾϢ

ôһͷڷӦִž̸ͬ

²ҪԶĿˣӦúúдǡĵ˵

Ѿʶ˺ĪԼסˣΪ־ڱصãʲôҪס

һƪ3.5ģһֵСרãԷ̬ȡ

ֹһᣬǰͷĿ

ŵ΢ЦϣǱܸϢ

СʦææһϵݸҽڳľǱ߸մġ

ӹɿɨһ顣

Ȼ¶гЦݡ

ʱСʦ̲סСʣԣǸרһٶ򣿡

ȻǣҡҡͷһٶҲ̫ˡ

Сʦһ±ơ

һγ̸۸ʱ򣬾ûйˡ

תһѾ˵Ǭ¡ʱɰ裺Ǹղ˵׼۶٣

һٶʮԪ΢΢ǰ㣺ѾǺܹļ۸ˣǷǳг⡣

ĲˮʵҲûоʲôرĵطЦת⣺˵˾ϵҵú֣ôԶҲЩء

HPǴͳİ칫豸ͷưг꣬ǣĵһԭӵегҲһܵļս

ڼӡHPļҲһȱϳܳһʱHPĴЦƣҵļӡǴ򿪣һģһ

ǣHPȻֹؼ״ҪȻ˹ˮƽĽڣҲŪоѻˡ

רҲǱҵڲɨרصĹԱֵģһύȥͷ

Ҷɵϣ۹زҵҵѾʶ칫豸üӡߵ£ʱչҲܽоֵõµĹؼ

Ҳļ٣Ȼ׻סĸԭ

ղŴʾHPӡذļʱɵӲŲݺۡ

׹˷򣬱ӹʱҲڸϹķɻϡ

۵ĸоʵ̫ˡҸ롣

һĻˡ

ȻλŵУĿǳ

ͷҲҪõӡҪרǺȻĿǰѶԽԽˡ

ɣıۣջλŮʿˡȻⴿĴ

˵ӿʼɿת

300Ԫ׹κһѧʵҵƼѧʸΣǹ˾й缤ʵҶкѡκһԼȥĵطһջ

ǣ湻󷽵ġ˿Ȼ

ȥѧУ˵Ͳѣһڲ裬Ҳ̫˵㡣

񲢲ųһ翵¼ȡŻʾȤ

˽ʾ֭˰죬Ҳûҵܳ״λŮʿĳ롣

ʱ򣬱Ѿ480Ԫƽ˹˾ǵĵߡ

ҲƵ˶Էһ䣺ǾǲҲÿˣʱһ𾺼ۣ˵Ȥ

˵亹ˡ

ǿڴŨŨǻĺ˵װŮʿʵûа취ˣЩСǵıֻġ

΢ЦĿһۣҲѶԷĵ̽ˡ

ν̧̧ӣʵǮҪ飬𣿡

˺Ȼһλһݣʵ豸ȤǸܶʵһг̶к˵øŻݵļ۸õҪĶ

Ȼһˡ

һ¶͵Цݡ

רչķʽܶ࣬һϣ߷ֳɡ

źʵҲԼרĶ̰塪ԼҪߡĿǰĸ˵ǿ16kbɳеôϸĴӡ

дͼҲûмͨ˾ġ

Ҳζſͻ٣ѡֳɣԷԼͦˣͻܲˡ

ʼͰѷֳɵѡųˡ

һϣԭԤļ۸ҪΪ˳ʵĳǰû߼ۣҲͬбĿܡ

ȴҵݱҵս߹ӶˣȻ󷽡

ңʱûмذء

ǱǵĶָķϣǰй¶һȤĶƳһӢĵר顣

רʱ΢һ㣬ǵ˻ûע⵽˵ǣұ֤ԼӡǳǳҪ

˺ͺӺɵĶһۣӹ鿴

һᣬĺѾñıǼҫۣһҪ

Щ˾һۣλŵŮʿȻάķȣϵЦ˿ȴľս

óģǳ罺ר顣

ⶫļߣһԸйĳСΪҪܸߵĳѹҲͲ˼ӡĿǰһȱݡ

һ̨ΣĲƷһ̨԰ȫĻҵЧϣ֮

οܹЧĽͳɱ

ұ͹˾˵

ȻĵͷҲڼңʱӭͣȻһˣҲһӭġ

ɫĴҴ뿪ˡ

СʦԱ亹ֱðˣľսʾ㡭㲻ǷʲôһܰɣɲȺУ

̲סЦģǼӡСרѣҵΪԺϷ

ǵڶ죬ظڵѧʵȻûҵˣȥظһ˵ȻֵһسͲ

һһȻΣһҪϵú÷ӦӦɲɢ̬Ӱѧظڽ



СĺԺƹһٻܣãӵſڷ̴ľݺο磬ȫǸ

ƹ磬ȿǽϹҵһԶɽˮͼ·һŽ˿ľ߸һ̫ʦΣǰһŰɷ߷ȦΣҲǽ˿ľġ

˵һԭĶ䵽䣬ȥգʦԺĺԺ˺óʱ޲յٹ⡣

ȻҲû˼ңĳҲ˵˵ʦϲ֣ŵĻ͸ɴԼţȻת˳ȥʦмѡ

ϱߴһŴ󿻣ɫëձɫ죬Աһ㼸ͷһ̵̽С¯ڼǰײŪҡ

ҽһƽܼˣܲŪԶʦЩŵȤ¶Ĳ٣ǰû˵Ǳˣ״һ޲ϲ

ʱǸһҲܹСʦҴҵĽ˵˼Сӡ

ʦǸȥдˣȻѧ

ҪҪʦֺǺǵ뿪ˡ

ӭ͵ʱŷֿ֣ˡ

֮ǰźԼԺӵĬ裬ִСˡ

ô£ôǸЩ˻һ𡣡΢΢üҲԣЦӭӭϡ͡

ĬЦû뵽Ժװôã˲Ǯɣ

ãҲЦѼ

һ·߹Ĭ۾˼磺͢ĿŻ

ҡҡͷҲЩλ롣

Сʦ˶˲ˮģ˼һֺۣܿˡ

Ĭ軷һܣЦӴãҲˣ㲻ɸˣ

Ҿһѧɲʲô񣬡ЦλΪƪİɣ

СӺĬ˼䣬ĬŵͷȷʵĿģۣϣչļȻҪȥǱѧҲ㳨

ȴȻôǺСӽһǰǱѧģ

Ĭһ٣ЦѣС׹ǱߣҲһк

Ӵ֪ûͦࡣ

΢΢üûм⣺׹Ǳߵ˾ˣϻЩ¶ϣҲȿ

ְӢĵר˹ȥ

Ĭһݶʶüͷһ壬Ȼֺ˽˺ܳʱ䡣

лȷʵһҪϢĬֻͷԾ˵ǴҪ͹˾һ±ۡ

Ȼͷ㡣

СǴҴҶִҴˣ磬ȴײһ

Сӱһļ۸ֻϧ˴һ豸顣

һ򿪱飬̲סˮ

Լֵ豸ȫµҲжֵģȫ»֤ܹõ豸Ҳǹ˾гչȻ豸ľ̸Ҫϡ˿ǲһۣҲÿˣֱ˦Լĵͼۡ

СӸ֪һУãȻĿĬ裬Ĭ跢־¶Ķı飬ϸϣǧԪӦúԪͨȵʱԪֵֻǮ

һԭǸǽǮʱ򲢲Ҫġ

ֻһСӵеģôʶ࣬ѹ̸ֻ뱧ű۵ĻȦȦȥˡ

ԱϣͲһõҵ̸ж󣬶رǮԡ֮ǰжϵǾ˵

ϴβһĬ軹ͼȡһ£ֻϧעʹתˣֻȺ˵Ŀ˸ߡ

θǵʱĬȻĿûȤҺ

ȫûСʱֻͻ豸

Ĭ迴СһۣԾ˵Ҹջݷõġ

Ȼ΢΢ͷ⣬뿪ˡ

ǼСӣҲŸ˴𸴣ֻ˵ԼҪѡһѡٸ豸嵥

˸ղСӵıۻһ£ڼһֹãһۣžϣܰѺǩá

һָСʦϸȥ̸

ȻͿ鷿豸ȥˡ

СʦɪɪţŬͦͦţǵģǿԺ̸

ǧԪĴͬΣԼҲˣСʦŬԼ衣

ʱѾ豸嵥˻ϲĿˮ

̨̻ҪSEMҲҪжICPҲ٣PECVDô죬ÿҪ

ķС

һֱڶ賿ŶźȦȦԼҪ豸ܼ߰ٶԪж붼Ƕ豸ҪǼ۸Ҫ˵öࡣ

ܰ嵥Ķһʵһ޴źҲһ֪ˣЩһԼʵҳˡ

һ뵽һԼĸʵңôô棬;ø̣ʲôر˳ۡ

Ҫ豸嵥ֵǸ;̸ˣ뽨Լʵң֪ԲɫӡûȤǹ˾ⷽרоѣҿ԰롣

ǲҪרȨģҵû⡣Ц˵

εЦ

ҵԿлľȻеģֺֻȼҸĴʵңԼʵҶûʽأ̸Щʵ˵㡣

ֻҡͷ顣

ȻпҵǲڲǮҪǣרȨ类˱˶£Ժٸ߼ˬ졣

Լġ

ȻҪһ㣬ڲ׼ڼӡ˶ġſѣû湻ء

ǧԪĺͬȻûôǩãͷЩ߹հɴȫǸҵСʦΪڹڵĴˣҲȫ̲˺̶ͬ

ȻΪ˸ԪҲ٣ôһڣָǼҪǮϰԪȥ

Ȼ˵׹ʦһ̽ޣҪǸ𱨳꣬Լĳɹ˵ͻᱻʦѵĴҵԥȥ

ϱӿƵİԶ²СĽ

Ǳ̸ţѾʼɫԼδʵҵĵˡ

йش壬ɻһأ

йش山ԶʱдƬƬûѹĻĵأƤֻϧҲȦȦٵġ

ǾһƣԪ

Ѿﾮڹעһҹ˾Ͽûʲôϵ֮ǰں山̸ʱѾһãһأͶʵҲһá

һ˵ڹͶʵõĻԪĸطᵹӭ˵̫Ѳүܿ

ǧʹHK͹ĵˣŲ̫׼ĸգ͵عԱ̸Ц汻Ƶһ鲻СĵƤ

ֻϧȻ˼ҺܻӭͶʣͶ̺ܸӣһʱҲ첻á

ãǱߵĺͬʱҲҪһʱ̸ãгʱϸ滮

ڣоеȱˡ

СʦҵǲײԼˣûʱʱʱ̶̿ţʱҪһԼİ֡

йشǱߣHK˿Ϊ̨ϵǵףҪȥһһ

ЩҪˡ

ĥţҪҪɴСǽйһæ˳׬׬졣

ǲ֪ѧϰææ

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ѾѧУĹǰת˺þˣرõĻͱѧѧȥиûģֲҪһԥ˰죬ĥŸɴȥɨãһҲǮĲԼķǮ͹ˣǮҲܼĻؼ

ȻѧвԼȫˣﻹеܵãٶһǮĻؼңҲܼһ¼ĸ

ĥŵ¾ȥڹѧ칫ʻȱȱ˵ʱ澪ϲĿľͰᰡ

ңᰱԹǶת˺üȦ㡣

ЦôͻȻˣҲк

£ᰱһǱе׬ǮвȤ

汾׼ڹѧĻᣬһ˵ȱ˰æйʣϾ͸˵ĴӦˡ

ᰵǲȱǮͦеģŸž϶ҲͲá

һ˵Լ飬˶

Ű겻׬ôǮˣһȡ

ȻԾǸ׹̸УȦصΪǳĿ͸Ҳ࣬׵飬ƺܺ׽ܣΨһرȵľԼĹˣôǮϵҰʮĹˣ

˿ĶǧԪĹʣǸHK˶һǧҪæһ󣬴һʱ䣬Ժʲô˵

ǮҲ̫ˣʶҪܾǮʲô˹ͲҲŴһôߵĹҲʡ

ЦҲŲ˵ˣǵѧϰʱҵģܱܲǸHKͰɣ

ǮԣǧԪ˵С飬˵רҵʿҺˣ᰺ҪþǰԼţҪʲô۶ӡ

ǰãΨһͦõ£ٵؼʱʶʱЩλȱԼε˰æš

ѧģȻŴһγ̶ûѧֲ꣬羮츳㹻Ŭһǳʵѧ

ǸСʦʱͬĽȣҲǰʵϰˡ

Ȼ֣Ǹ˴򽻵һףҪȥϵһ飬˳Լؿһ

Щ鶼źãʱѧУû뵽һѧУʦ˵Լ˸״ˡ

״˭ҵ״Ī

Ǹظڣ˵ڽʵңͲҪܳڣֻҪĩԺϸУǺظƫƫ⼸첻ڵ鲻ţ״浽ϵȥˡ

ʵǱģǼüҲǸϻǱ˵һҪǹҲ磬ȷʵҲҳ

Ǳ˶ŵĸоҲ̫ˡ

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ѧǮǲ࣬ϾҲһܲýѧ𣬶ԺҲʮҪ

֣ʲôʱظˣôң״

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ʱ˵ڻˣظڴǸüѧ𽵹ԼҾˡ

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һŭˣϵʣ

ҲΣǱߡϵͦõģǮȷʵҲ࣬Ҳй
ʱԾѵĹ̫ϸ񣬶ֽŵĻܶࡣ

ظҲ˵СȻ޳ܵЦ˵˻ҪһˣϾԺľѻҪӲģʱҪ㿨һ£ҲǺܲùġ

ĳģ澮һ

ȻʤĴ󽫾һװβˣǸѧǳǸĶԾҾȥǳ

ʲôƨ⣡üͷһ壬ظҲʵҵˣʲôĿģ

νҪҶԼľѣеӸƴ

ҪǹԪĲĿˮƽһ㣬ҲУ˶ͦҪƾҲǮڰ㣬ǲΪǣؼҪϵ˵

ȴͬϵǱߺð죬ظ̫ˣμǧľ˵ŲŲˣΪ壿Ժдѣֱô죿ȥͷ״ͷҲ

֪Щè࣬ǰѧʱ͸˺úǰҲΪԼѲһأ˲˲ɣ

ŬƽϢһŭǱ죬˵ģԺҪͷ״˭ܵˣȫʲôȲǰ˵

ϿЦҲûҪɣҲ˷ʱ䡣

ѧڿֲǿС˵Ҫ뿴һ˵Ĺ£óõĽۣ˵ҲҪһµʱ䡣

˵Ҳ٣ҪôҪôϼ״û¹򣬱ϾоʱȽǮֵǮ᲻С˷ѡ

û£ҿÿ죬ȸĴҺȥ顣˵

ΣֻܰѺظڵĴ˵˳

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ҲԼⱲڵλˣԲܺ޹˼ɵİá

ѧôһ棬ģвԼҪûҲգҪа⡭ݺݵĿʼظ֮ǰġ

ƪSCIˮƽǳһ㣬ƺûʲôرԵ⣬мݽоеɻ󣬱ּ

ظڹڵĵǺܲ٣һʮƪ

˿ɹˮģҡͷɿĿ

һͿˡ

ʼ˵ƷãһۣϾѧ϶ƷҪҲܸߡ

Ȼ߰ʮƪľȻʮƪбʹҲľ̲סˡ

ͼԺãĶҲͼڿֻҪеģ࿴ˣҲӰӺܵͣҲô˹עӢڿ

Ȼͷ֣λظһȡɵ飺ӢС

ڰʮѧ籾ҲҶŬ׷ϹĿнȣ·ģȷԭߺԼķݣҲǺڹڵڿϱġ

ǣظѹû˼ԭߣһ¾Լд޳ѡΪľ£ǣôɥĲĳϮȻҲȥˡ

һϮģ̲סҡͷ̾Ϣѧˮƽõӵʲô̶ȣɥĲ鰡

˵ʮƪҲ⣬ֻûɨѣϾרŴַǳûС͸޶̲ס˼Ҿί

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ʮƪϮķֱ𷢱ڹڵ߰˷ڿϣһСʱʱ䣬ͰѺظڵĺͱϮӢ¸ϣһһ־˳ȥ

ӻɵ֤ţһͻʱ䡣

ˬˡ

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صʵҵʱ, ϻڰοϵʵͦ˵ģǶԼɵҪϸһ㣬ûϵ, ǱʾѱչҲҪֳȥ, ֻظȥ, Ҳȥ״, ܹ鲻ռ

ЦЦҡͷû£Ѿˡ

ǮҲѾȥ, ο˰죺Ѿϵ˵ˣ֮ǰѾ˳ɼҲٵģ, ϺǱߣѾݺˣҲ֤Ժ϶ٷ

ֱʣĿľأ

ǮڿЦ, ǮϺ豸Լ, һʱҲ˲, Ѿ˵, һĿ뾭ѵʱ򣬿϶һֳ֤Կ

ʵʵǰĬϵĹأĿʵ껹ʣ˾, һͱʵڲĬĬˣǮʣ̫࣬Ӱһξѵ롣

ǣԭʱǽǽС, ϺôһŪʵڲˣ۸˵ˡ

ϧǮ֪µʱһϺǼһúܣǮŵ֣ȫˣǮҲúΡ

ƫƫǸʢָոɼˣҲ߲ʱҲֻСİš

˭뵽ȴֻǺܵĵͷЦЦģĿʣྭѷֳȥҲҾ¶û˵һֱӾ͸ˡ

ȷʵǲӦãǱҲúˣԺԲٷƾ˽˹ϵѵ飬Էġ

Ǿͺá˵䣬ô׾٣¶ˣ

СѲǸ֮ӣǮɿֲ֮࣬еġ

Ը̫󷽺˵Ժѵʱɾ׳Կˡ

ǮԥҪҪԼ̾ӦǿӲʱʣǮڣһĿѾˣԪо

ǮһЦ˾˼ҪרҵϣϺص

СǺ£Ҳ粻ͷϺ˳ɼĽʺʮּɵ˵û⣬ȿⷽģҪʲôҹͨģҾ԰ϺǱߺݺݿһʾ

˵꣬ǮڻͯһԾգգۡ

˼ЦЦ֮ǰĬĳȥǼе΢ھΡȻҲֻһѡ

ҲǰǮʵҵˡ

ҪǣŲںպصϿپأģôպصϵĿȫ

Ǯڵİ칫뿪Ժ󣬾˽ڡ

ڽ촩һɫɽװŵβûϻ࣬һһͰкȥ

һɻıԷİ칫ңȻʼԴ̵ĽôԸʵӬӪ

ھﶯֽģĳԾ˵˵Ҳ٣͵ʵideaģ˵ģ쵰Ļ͵͵޸ʵݣ㹤ǰġ

Ǹйµˡ

ǮǲеɣǸʱǧˣպصǸϲǸϲôߵģݺݴΣܼסѵ㡣ȻڶǸеľҲܷḻ

мĵͷ

ڻѧǲǸϼһϣ͵ϵȥޣϵȻϣŮޣһа԰飬ҲûҪöΪ˸оϵҪ

ҲǸˣսսḻкĹҲһףϰȫһ

ֱЦڻһ˵ûƭ㣬һø㶨ϵΣûôá

ŽڵǸжѧ㣬Ⱦ꣬;ʱҲЦ⣬ʦӣҲǵô˵ġ

׵ģллѧ㡣һ뵽˵ģ̲סЦ

ϵ޲

СһӣģǰҲһᣬҲǲ룬ǿ޲

ϵ⼸ʲôȥ˵ʱ򣬾ǳ侲Ļش𣺡֮ǰǸĿУģ˳ɹǱҲҵҵصĻᣬ⼸æȥˡ

ǶʮǸǮóô𣬡ϵθ̾һʣҵΣûϣ

΢΢ЦǱ߱׼ͶʮԪҽĿġ

ϵһӸ˾ġֱ֣ʣĺ飬ôû˵

ⲻһ͸㱨ˡЦ

ϵιЦȫ࣬ϣô򽻵

Ǯͯӣмϲģ

Ǯ׼ϾôǮʵҷһҲûʲôҪ豸С̫࣬˵ܶ㡣

ܸ˲ǿҪͱǸպصģҪûݺݲİգ˵һֶ

صԼĿʱϻﵣģϵûɣúܣѵ˶Ǹӣ㲻̫ϡ

ҡͷûûѵңϵ黹ͦõģҲܺ˵

ϣ

һοʼ

ְǱ׼ٸʮԪ¸ǮҲ˵ˣǮڱϾԾĿ˽࣬ζĿһۣǸר˲Ǯɣ

ЦЦ

ҵҲҵֵϧ̫ˣѡϣҵ۹⣬ǮڿЦºܸǮҲ˵ɫģҿ϶ѧУҪһʽ𣬶ڿԱӦüƶֹ۵㣬ҸǲͬģýҪпɲܳԴ

⻰ҲԺظǼ±̬

ר̸ͬдԼʱ䣬ʱ侮ʱȥһ£Ҫ

̸ͶǱߣ᰸ķҲ˳Ŀǰ̸׵Ĳ12Ķأ8000ƽףԺҪţϵĿյػв١

ʱйشʵûнҵ࣬Ҵڲݴ׶ΣŬŶӳС

DAWNһͶʹǧ󣬹ڻָ

ȻǧʽУҪĻǼʵʲǹ⿿ͷ㹻һ·̵ˡ

רתúͬʽǩ󲻾ãǱʵҵĹƵҲʽʼ쵼רŹʣһʮ֡

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ͰֽŰžʵҵĽ裬ľһҲֻ̫ʱʱżһѡ

Ҳڿ

ָͨһϢϿΣҵżȥתתӹʮС

һĻζ࣬ʦˮƽҲߣֻҪʱ䣬һ㶼ȱڣЩǰˣˮƽĽڽһ飬ֻвͬĸ

ѧϰ֮࣬ʵƻǾһʱҲûͷֽϻȥһʱҲûþķĿ⡣

ѧĹʵߣĿѾݽȥˣľǹԪһ飬ĿλξǳǸպصȥġ

ʱڣ׼뿪ǮڵĹʵңϾʵȻ鷳¶࣬ǾҲ࣬ʵĿҲƫûôŨҵĿġ

֮£ʵҾ̽ˣûйҲ˽ʵңûôס

֮еʵңΪϱӿ˲ģȻû¶٣δĴ·ȴЩǰãЩڿŽصսڣԼԼЩ

δĳǰգ㹻һˡ

ԼʵˣŻҪǸҵѧУǩЭ飬ĿɹȨҲһ׮鷳

ڱϼһʡ

ţëһ࣬ľһǿҲЩˡ

ˣϢϢһڹǷȰԪĿȻ󾲾պصĳ¾ˡ



ʱĳڿ磬һ༭һţһÿҵš

࣬ˣ˼һٱţ¶һ൱ѧš༭˵

ϻϸ˿ŷ⡪山ĳģû

ȻһĿţƬ̣Źı༭ʵûУ˵ǲģ

࣬ȷʵûбԴӢС༭˵

üͷÿһƪǣ

༭˶Թˣٱ˱¶⡣

ࣺɾʹˡȥϵڿⷢô£ܷŹڿ

༭ȥ绰ʡ

ҵڿ綼һСȦӣһȦ绰Ƶźüڿ綼յˣҲлûֵģռһңҲһһģһš

΢һܣӳϮģʮƪ

ʮƪģĸҵѧ磬Ǻ˱Ĵ¼ˣολظԼȻûʲôαĴɽӲôǹڶУĸء

ڿһֱ֪ͨǱߵУϵΡ

ϵαУȥݺ˰СʱͿʼӣֱǳ裡ѧУôôһѧࣿ꾩ܸǱ¶ˣ

ʣΣô죿

ô죿ذ죡ϵŭְͣ飬ѧ࣬һҪ

ΣǡҪҪٱˡ

ϵεһۣô飿պصЩ˶㻹ǲģǲ⣿Ҫ֪Ʒô缸͸ðˣ

αûˡ

ȵ칫ҰϵβŻһ̾Ҳ֪ǲǾǸСġóǶʮԪѲϵˣ

λõĶ˾ӣ㾮Ҳ׻ɵϡ

ǲ³ôʵҲû֤ݣһѧ˵Ϻ棬һȽȽرҾѵĿǣװһߣ

ظڵʵС飬һС

ظڻ˺ö궼û쵽ԼʵңֻܼڹʵڵȻȻ䣬ѧУˣֱӰѺظڽˡ

ʱ򣬺ظڵĵùѧѾԼԼһ㲻

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˵Ҫ㵼ʦˣҵô죿ʡ

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˵ĳϮһǼʮƪģĳϮϺǮڶӣֱӰ߳ʵңѧУҲѸٰĽְ

ؿˮһλصʵʰʱ򣬾͸һֻɥȮ࣬ûǸͦŽǵĽ̬ˣüۣҲҿͬ£ֻʰˡ

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˵ˣôѧУڲ̰۸ܵôһɫȻܸ㵽ôǮѧУǸúúòһˣ˵϶ҪȥסˡЦ

ںؿˮ³û˿ͬ顣

ѧܣ־⣬͸ùˣܻ쵽á

ҧűʸӣûǹԪʵƣֵ

ûãǮְѾ˹ȥζĿһۣʾʵûС

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ǮڿĬһ᣺ȷʵһ츳оߣۣһϣܼס仰

գգۣʾԼǮ˵ʲô

ǮεЦЦˣҲϺԼѰѱóˣԪߵĲĿû˹ܣԸԸһ

ҵȻԸ⣬Ǯģҿ϶Ŭġ¶ĵЦݡ



ԪĲԲʲôӵĿǰͰʵһ˼;ȤˣɴЩĹϺǸѧԼ͵˼

ˣĩɺȻ벻ȥ̵һ䡣

̵ҲǾǵʤˣǰֻ˻Աţ⼸żȻҪͷ

ôˣûȥɣϻеȯһȥɺʵǵŻ֮ǰɹ˪飬λʵһæˣ뻹飬̫ô

Դ˵е̵ҲЩ棬ǰɣȯ٣ȥ϶ҪܶණŲƲ¶׵뷨ܲԸ⻹̫֪Լļҵס

ԣҲֻźˡ

ȥ̵ͷôѹȥĥţɴԼȥһˣһºþûͷŵĹ

ʱ̵꣬Ǿʱֵڣ򵽸ָڼƷ鼮ȻĿǰεĸֵ

̵ſڣΧŲˣȯģҲ˽ȥġ

һģƯСչʱвΪҲ˵ġ

иû֦չĽǣҫĶʹ˸Ƶɫ

û̵ſڵֱ࣬ǰߡ

̵Ȼ֣ǽĻǸ˺͸ɲҪűʾȯҪûǸһš

ĴͷǸеġ̵ꡱĸ֣Ҳʮ档

̵ſڣдűͦƷӭСﾫȣһ˿ļ˿ȯҪòҲᱻȰ롣

ӿڴóһһٵȯſڵС翴ͺ˳Ľš

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Щ˵ζˡ

ȻǶһǮĹĵ˸ЩСȻûиҲԼ䡣

һ¥˵ɿûʲô̫Ȥתͷ˶¥

¥һǻױƷ̨һĿĸַΡ

ױƷߣĿںˮüʷ۱ʲôĶУӣвپϱӼơ

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ǾֲϲױģҲ̲סװջ

Ĺ̨ܴһֽ˶

ڻױԵúܣȾòױûʲô˵ģżһüۣҲͬһȤ¡

ϻ˵ŮΪüݣǾãױԼģŸҪ

ױƷ̨վǸͬŰ׳üŮˣúܾ£Ҳܳڡ

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ͷȻ󷽷Ŀʼ̨Ʒ

׳ƹ£ݱӳøӹ౥ǶŮơ

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ĿںûкôḻĵɫļֶѾˣӰüҲǣƫصĴɫУΪ˵ĵطҲвر޵ɫ

һ۾Ϳ˲Ʒƣ㱼䣬ƺк̳Ĵ

СЩȤҲûʲôˣۻԱЦʣС벻Իױü۶϶Ư

ҲûϵǱױķ񡣡ɣۻԱ͵

룺Ǿ鷳ˡ

鷳ģۻԱǺеģұרҵģģƯСﰡҾ̲סøÿ

ۻԱһЦһ߰ѾϣȻˢˢĸױ

ʱ򣬱ϼ̵ŮҲ̲ס˹

ȻǿۻԱת󣬳

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΢һױ͸ˣü䣬ǳߴһƺģԭƯСøӰǶˣ޹䣬˼ֱƲ۾

ֱѾյһСۻԱЦôҪҪҲһԣ

ǸŮָָܳԼԾԾԡ

£һʮͷͬƷŮ˺Ȼ߹üױƷ̨裬͵ûױƷˣ

޹գգۣΣױѵҵôܽ˷ѣ

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ʲôνˣǼȻӭͣôôòǸŮŭʡ

һǹҵ棬ҪΪӰдͣǲŽвò˳ˣһǻʶģҸǷʲô裬Ҳױ»ҪӭӿأҪǵΨʡ

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˭˵ˣұҪױƷġȻ˵㣬ҽһֻں졣

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ʱҲˣ῿ڹ̨һЦӴСװɣҵôԲ

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ã֣СװװëѾͷһװүһһ׵ġ

Ҳ˵㣬ں죬ôɫӰÿ

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˵һ󣬿һӣЩҶҪˣı߸Ǯ

˵ЩҪٶֻ࣬ȯġ

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ȻӿڴͳһȯһԪһŵģһۿȥмǧ顣

εһӿȥһҲ֪ı

Ȼ󣬾ʹǱˡ

֮ǰǸŮһĻ۾Ҳˡ

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ѰһģЦҽ׼Լм㶫ȥԹ໻˵㡣

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ױƷ̨Լϲģоĸ׺ͽϲģʺϰ᰺ģȻС̺ͱģһǧ

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һ߰˼·ػø࣬ǧȯһӾûˡ

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˵ˣͷ̵һҲлױƷͿʽ·Ҫ˷ȯ

ֱӾɨơ

ǸŮԣݣŰ׳Ž˿۾ͦ˹ĵһˡ

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ҪͷĶܹҲ࣬ʵô񡣡Ц

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үү˸ղŶԿرûòǸϳȥǸŮֱӾΪǸǰ״

ЦеĵͷŮ㱻ϳȥʱ俴Ǹһֱۣ亹ֱð

ֿ˾һۣԼŮѣ

ŮҡҡͷǸղ¥ģһ㱻ϳȥ

ŮкҲںǸֺﷴԼ˹͵ĻΣԹ˹

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Ǹ鱦ΣлƽʯȻִƷǾݾܣЩǵմʦƷͻǹڵĶˮ׼

ҲϲЩĿҫ۵ı۾ŹĿ

Ľһ˵Ȼù󣬵ǶԾ˵ҲֻСǮĸ׺ͽһһһɫ顣

¥ϵĶȻ˲٣ͰѾϵǮȫͿˡ

ʱȴֿһԵĺ񣬸Ǹϲ֬

еһðڼɫϸ֬

Ȼ۸ҲˣȯҲֻôƴһĶ

ǣĶˡ

ǧˡ

ոԼţϾͻؼǮʱǸŮס˾

ôණҲûؼҰɣ̵ͻҵķҪǰ͡Ů

ԭָԱŴǼȻŮˣҲֻЦǵģԸǵַǰѶͻȥ

ôĵķ񣬾⣬¸߸˵ĴӦˡ

װͻ˺һ󣬸˾ĵʱ򣬾֪ղŮүү̵ϲ쵼

ҲѹʰǸŵĻΡ

̵ͻһ˼ң㹻Ǯֲųӻȥڰֻǵñؼҡ

ѩɰСӰڼϣʽĲã͸һ

۾Ц




84  84    Ѿ

84
ĺԺ͵һ, ʹסˡ

û취˱ϻǸżһȤ, һо, ;ùͷﶼðſ顣

΢͵һ, ˳һ˼·, ԭоЩĹԣҲĥ¶ˡ

Ȼڻĩ, ֱӴȥѧУʵҡ

йǿڼյģ˵ĩˣҪؼʱڣʵӴʮصԪ, Ҳʲô˲顣

ȻʵʱкüˣĲ, ݵ, æ÷

ʦǸѧָӵתԱ߻һҲڰæ, һ, Щ졣

ʦáηηĸһкǸֵ֪Ϊʲôеġ

ǷѾǺءѧ, Ժ󣬷ѾתǱ߼ȥˣҶԭʵеʣͽæϽ͵

ͷ, ǸѾһۣԭĵʦ£һ㲻⣿

ȻûгϹǷԼĵģʵ¶в²⣬Ŷ̬ȶ˲١˵˲١

Ѿһװ˵ĴӣЩͷԵģҲһᣬµʦȺظںöˣһллء

ȻŲô򽻵ʵһܸεĵʦѾһȥȻЩսսģǺܿ죬͸ܵ˴ӺͻȻɴů

¸ûϵƲˣԭʲô⣿

ĿֱӴպصϽӹģһ̽׷ĿʵǰѹڿѾ۹ļֲһظ飬һ⹤Σбϵ֮ݣ˵Ľио˵òǺ޴İשڹڿˮƭѵġ

ѾӣӵԺܶҲ̫ȷдκءһΣ˵мֵԤĲ̫һҹơֱӰʵֵ޸ˡ

¼ʶպصԭƶǳ˼ҵģ̫һҲû룬ֱӾ͸ĳ˸Ϯƪһģһġ

λǸ˲š

ҡͷ̾Ϣֺܿ췢֣ʲô̫Ծĵط

ΣȻ̾պصĿһ

ظõһֱȽµ׸ϲϣصʵݲ̫࣬ʵݲ죬п·֣ƫƫ͵ֱӸˡ

͸ùӿܳͬʵҵУǾ˶Ǳˮһֻ׼ͷԣſܷùء

ȻѾǰʦǺźȱ㹻Ŀѧ

ڣҪģظ֮ǰǸʵ顣

˱۸ĵݣʵ¼ĿʷѾǸʵ֮ǰ˶٣

Ѿǵü۵Ļش𣺡ġǸݡ

Խ˵Խ飬Ҳˡ

ŸտʼûЩʵٹֲϣԸԸʱظ֮ǰʵ飿ҪĳԸĹ׸һ

Ѿһ㶣æĵͷ

ʵﲻ˶ĽϣôõSCIĶѾҲһָջ˵ʦǻ̻̲ʱô˵Ȼֻеͷķݡ

аɣȥ˵һʱȸĿ顣˵

ڵǺ˵ҲûʲôĿܸɴ͵ͷˡ

Ȼܿ췢֣ѾȻԸеһ֡

ʵҲһܲоߣɣóּϸϵ⡣

ѾȫһϸһԵУʱ򲻹ãֻҪһΡ

˵ˣ֮ǰǸʦһ

ôģʵݵĲͬʵԴڷѾʵ鲽һССĶ濴޹ؽҪʵԤʾģȴһ֡

ѾΪԼˣĴ֣Ҫиϻʱˣû취ŸĵһƱʹظڣҲû˵ʲô

ΪЦһ͵Ļᡣ

ײϿѧǰʮʱǲŷʵֶԽ΢Ʊȥʵҷôսõ΢顣

Ӵ˿ʼװ뵼ϵоҲΪµȵ㡣

ظ׷ȵľͷǹ㣬ֻϧһˮģҲ֪˷˶ٺûᡣ

Ǳ˱ֻں㾭ѵľˡ

Ӧһ²ϣǾԲԳ˵ܷһƪܲġ˵

Ӣģ˷ܵʡ

Ȼͷ

ѾҲô

һϵвȷһȫµİ뵼׸ϲϣʺɼⲨεĹ絼̽кܿĽȣҿ¹

ҲζţֲƳɵṹ㹻򵥣зǳӦÿռ䡣

һصģ˵ԿӰӸߵڿˡ°롣

ȿǵģר⡣

εĿϻУͬԭֻǹʵһоĿⷢһ²ϣרӦڹʵҡ

ǣڶרӳ̶Ȳߣ˵ҪûôǮȥרǽ

ɹȴǹڸרȡ棬ʱ򲢲ʲô顣

̰ͼʵҵĳɹҲ˱ˡ

һĥӦôһߴ˼ͨ绰ȥ

绰ѾǸӣȻʣ׼óû

Ѿ

ϸ˵²ϵķǷѾȻռ˵ɷ֣ǾҲûȤȥĹ

ĵĵһߣҲһλá

ҳϣԼ־Ȼǲеһߣùߵĺӣ޵ò鶼һ

ˣǳƿⱾģߵһλþС

һ߿ԲУһ㲢е׸λãȻĬΪ˸ҪĹס

һҲ⣬ҪǾʦҲ֪Լʲô⺢һѱ飬۾ͷǺͮͮģ͸һͷһ

ʱҲûЦ֮ǰʵ˽˵Ѿ˵˶ʿƶѾڿɺã˼һɳ죬ʵＸʿ˦ںͷˡ

Ƿһ²ϰĵӰӸ߲˵ҵҲȻ׬һעԺҪʵңҲ϶һ˶׵öࡣ

֮ܶù֮ǰĻŶΪ

Ȼ϶ǸϲϾһŮҲͲһѧˡ

û׾پͰһڶƷˣͷҲû鷳

ʵ˸ģǾĲ

չѾʵڵʦָɵģԼȻ˴£ϸ˵˵һֶһѾʵҲû˵ȥ

Ͼѹ֪ԼʲôҲû취ʵƳмֵϢ

һϵйʵǾɵġ

ƫƫȨĻһһ

ƾһ£˾;ãܴ

֮ǰΪظڵ³й˼ɵˣҲתͷ绤ؿˮСӱͲˣҲǻã˵ˣǷֲһǾĳȥģϾ˿ɲ١

һʱ䣬ʵȼǮڡϾϻǷѾõʵʵڵĺôǸʵ鶼̫׵ĴҲһ쵽ˣ




85  85    Ǯ

85
һѧУᡣ

, ˵ϵǮʵҳˣοỹĳĵø첲ƵϢϵΣԵʡ

ϵĿŵкϼһ϶, кôܲҫ

һڱߣ˻£кһЦ, ӦǶ˰ɡ

˵, Ǯھʹ, һЦеģƽʱࡣ

ӴǮ, ״߹ȥ˵ǸؿˮˣʵҪپѰɣ˵㣬ôôأ

ѧУȡľѾô࣬ÿʵҶ໴ι״̬, һҵùܶһ㣬ȻһĿ֡

˭֪Ǯ˵, ȴնû, ϲ̵ģʵҳ, ʲôһ

˵ؿˮ̰˼ʮҪǰĹ, ʵľѿ϶ᱻһȥ

ǮζӦӦ

ǮڻЦеģҲû˵ʲôֻǹȥʵҵļ򱨡

˱ȽϺõĳɹڸӰڿϷ, ʵҶᷢ򱨱ʵʵڵĳɼ䣬ǻҪȵʲôʱ

һ㶣ǸĿˣӰӣ

ǮȴҡͷǸٻҪܼɹأʵҲСһ², Ӱô10ϰɡ

Ȼ˵ǫ飬ʵҶܿǮڶ»Ǻаյġ

ʱѧԺһסˣǻ²Ϸˣô֪ʵƵĿҲû̸

ǮЦøշƵģѣ˭뵽һСоĻʵ飬ܸһµİ뵼أصģдüƪˣؿɲֻǵô򵥣ҵ׼ʵҺӪ²ϵרȨǰϰԪء

üֱ޷ֱӡ

ѧԺǽǳ޷ˣǮҪҪһԺϵϾǲѧԺһ黹ǺƵġ

һʱ䣬ҿЦǮڣȻͳķ

ѾʱҲʵķ

ùҲʱתˣ˵ͷһƪSCIһõʮϵӰӣʵĸ˲ʣ

˵ܲܳɹҵˣǳѧҲ϶뵽һȵĽѧ𣬻к²ϵרã˵㹻Ժöˡ

DAWNҵҲѾѧУʵ̸ˣʵҳרǸԸרȨԼȨ߸ռ45%棬ͬʱһҲе5%

տʼѾ¶ģֲ5%ж٣ʦְ¹һͨţƢʦֶ̲סСӵͷ⹷ʺˣⱲӴŶóˡ

ѾЦøˡ

ר淶̣ƪ֮Ҳ˳ȥͬʱһϵ²оصҲһ˳ȥʱ򲻺úһѣʵȷģҲֻᱻЦ̫ɵ

Ͷڿǰ뵼ҵڵĶڿӰ14Ǯڵľ飬ֵǰ²ģļʷǳС

ҪȻΪʲôҶϲأδأһӣ˵ʷĳɾ͡

ЩѾüѧһһĴͳ¾ǣ׷һİʯͷΪԼ˱оһŷ֣ʯͷʵػǸԣͱ˵дˡ

һ˵á

һĳȥͣ׼¿ˡ

ȻǶǸؿˮ֮ǰ¡û취˭ˮƽл׷ȵ㣬дݵģµĵȴܶ࣬üء

Ҳ֪λڼĺظڣҪ֪ôɾ޶ʲôо

֮ǰλĵʱ򣬾ͷ˼ֵĵ㣬ĺԺϢʱ򣬺Ȼһ·

ؿˮƪˮƽǳһSCIΧ۵Ŀǹ⼼µ۵㱾û̫뷨ĵˮƽ£ܳɹŻΪϲ׷ȵ㣬ټʮֵĺ

һƪ۵ǼֹԼӱȽϣ֮ǰͻɣӦļд󷨣ӺüƪﶫƴЩȫûԼ뷨

ڶƪƪ̽һԼδӦǰֻ˵뷨ͦ󵨵ģű༭ҲΪѧڿټĿƻøУŲ°ɡ

Ȼ󲿷ֿеףзĿǼȫϢԼ

һͨⲨλļżͼ⼼ĽһչȫϢִѧԼܲԼ򣬽ȡͻͽĽչ

ҲһδпΪ

Ҫǣ򣬹ҸľѶడ

ȻԼ˽ʵңֻԸǿ򣬾ȫҽȥҲܹǲҵľѣǸǵѡ񡣡

ҪĿʱǮҲһ㶣һ֪ǹⲻʵҵص㣬ҡҲҪòٰɣ

𣺡ȫϢԹѧϵͳҪܼ򵥣Ҫ͸ʵǰڵͶ벻Ҫ̫󣬼ʮľѾͲˡ

ʱѾ֤ԼҪԼõĿˣҼʮҵҪҲȷʵ֣һһСĿѶѡҪǷڼʮһʵңǮ

ǣڻǰʮشĻ߹࣬һĿĿ򼶵Ķ࣬ҪʮҲ

ôྭѸ㣬ȷɹǮ

дֻʤߣľ²Ҫ֮ǰĳɹףξҿҪôǮҲΪ֮ǰɹĵ

ġһƽ

ǮҲܸɴĵͷаɣҰȡһ¡

ͬʱ״ԪĹ棬ҲӵĻƽʱΣʽˡ

ʱ򣬻ûкЩ廨ŵ̨ط̨ȻѾðͷӻǾԵľްԣҲռȫĵʱ䣬90%ϵʣҲǺѸƵ񻰡

ӦģӻƽεĹʱ䣬ļֵ׼˵ҲͬһۡȻ۵ĹѣȫĹעͱȻеȶȣȶʮʮڵĹͶţЧõöࡣ

ֻϧ˶ûһǧ

ҦͬҲ˳²ٵķ顣

ַ飬ӵ˾ϡ

˵ϵģ˵ˣְĽ٣ȥӰǣźųȥͶʲôӹ档

гϹֱܵǰΪóϢˣʸų죬Ūʲô̵Ĺƨạ̃Ǯ

±һͨίˮ۾ֱתӰοЩϹŶЩʱļһ˵ˣͶǳľЩһﲻȥҳ׷ʲô¡

һ۾ЩίЩ飺˵Ҫղرô죿

ò˵ܴ϶ûģ˵

ǲֿһ¶ôĻ̾һ

ҦԹĺ㣬صȥʡҪߣ˺üĴߣڲֿ˴ĻҪǹЧ⡭¶ˡ

˵ģ϶û⣡ٵʱҲֻôοԼˡ

ҦǱߣѹҲһܴ

ԺҪһ·һǰҲʵû̫ѡ

гķſ߷ת䣬ˣѾĳԼΣ

ԺԼҲôóˡ

ȳƺһ·ҦиҰġ

ӵĻƽʱΣҲֻҰĵĵһѡ



ĩɺؼҸƸƻʳڼĲߣȻһܻ

һ̧ͷͿĻһĻȳеԵĺɫ⳦ҡҡڰڣɰߴ85%Ĺʣ·ֱӴĻ͸

״ԪÿɻˣɺűԹ˵ְȥӴ

һͬѧģɺǵþտѧʱһ״ԪҪҪҰȥһʡ

Ǿ̫ˣܲܶ㣬°صصǰҫţңʲô˲ģӳɼǼҹŮ״Ԫѡ

ɺ̲סЦŵͷ

ʱ򣬽Ѿַ졣

˭û뵽̶̼ʮĹ棬ЧȻôá

ֿɶѵĻȳֻȫգܱߵյĶյˣҦֻʡܣͼ

״Ԫ֮ǰѾ䵽30ߣɾ൹еĻûûҹĿҲȻ޷ӵĶ

ʱûҦľˣĸҲ˽еĴˣ˭ȱ˸õֱſڿޣ˵Ҫǲܰ״Ԫȥռ縸ϡ

ⱲӶû־˶ҪҪҪͻȻ֮䣬ȫΪһСС״Ԫ

ʵϲ״Ԫֻ۸ˣζҲƤͬҲǳܻӭ׳ҲĶ

֮ܶһ仰زƷˡ

Ĵһ뿪ǺŶӵŵĴȻһͷĳǴСеڳſŶѣŲӣеĵȴţ߻Ⱥ²ƷҲһͱһա

֪ǳĻˡ



ҲͻȻ֣æʵҲʼ״ԪĵĿй״ԪƤĵ絼ʣҲ֪ǲ׼ʳƷרҵչ

״Ԫ䷽ľԷҲͬܿ쿪˳һͨҹԺ󣬳һĻȳ棬Ǽµˡʵζĥһ㡣

˵״ԪǸӵܣ˶ߺ״Ԫֻϧ绰ȥ˵ڳ״ԪƤһˣ˶Բš

ڳߣٹһӣܹгҪˡҲֻεĻظ˼ҡ

ųɶǱҲѾæˣ̨λҲĽ󹺣ĶѾŵ˺꣬вԸǮӵġ

׬ˣųɶڵ绰ͷ˻ŽУ׬ˣһӶûôǮ

ߵһ֣Ƥķֺһͷ󼸰棬ȷʵѵһĴǮ

Ǹ׹Ǳ߱ǮҲûôˡ

Ǳµ֣Ѿ˰ǧԪأҲˡ

һͷˮ֮ǰǻһôתַ˺ü

ԭ˾֮ǰжϣԪתֻˣͬʱͶһСӵĵز͹Уִ׬һѡ

һĬǵĭǰȫ۸ɾɱסˡ

ڵ绰ͷüɫ裺ܷģ㲻˵мҸ߿ƼҵͶʵļֵҲһײ֣СǱҾ׼޶һëء

վ֮ǰĵԼֻʮ󣬵һı̫ϣƺǸһеϣΪס˲ţֱӰֺᵽ20%ĵҲŽڽǣΪ˼ڻҲǧ̡

Ҳûþʧ˵ҪǮʵҺרֱӾתһǧDAWN˻ϣʾûʲôµͶʱġ

ҲǣͶ츳һҲ벻һĴڡ

ϵ绰ֱͣ·ߵĳܳһĵĽŮͳһǣȻų۵糸ĳ˳ȥ

εĺ߽ߣδں֣ĸҹӵ˽ͧھлɫıȻɶԡ

ʲôʱҲȥһ˽ͧļ۸ڿ϶ˡ롣

簲³̬Ҳ׸ıˣԴӸ׬һСԺǰԼ߸ϵ̬ѾײˣȣûǮ᲻׬ǮƺΨһı׼ЩѪ㣬˽־⣬Ҳͬи

Ŷֳ̫˽Ǯζˣ

Ψһ״̬ЩģֻС̡

ָС¶εЦҲȱʲô㲻ҪǸ

װС̣Ŵ˶̶̼£ѾӦ׹鱼ŵ磬һСֻ̣Ǿ⴮رʺʣ־ˡ

С̽ӹĿսݣ飬ʵ̫ˣҽվֻһ߶ѣӦǽİǷľȡ档

ĹЦС̣ôҸһˣ׹˿ɴͲôġ

ұǻˣС̾أǲ׼ߵ̿ˣ

һĻ벻İڰ֣ͶʺҹɲһҪھãһҲͦá

׹Щ߸ϵˣǾ̾ڻ֣Ͽյ飬ʳŽǮζάݵλҲˡ

žǽڼҵıʡ

ʵҵһҵĸС̾Ϣ

ֻϧʱѾȫĻˡ



ǱߣյһǧԪԺһҲø˳

йشʵңĿǰ̽Ѿ룬ʽŵʱǮһתٶ˲ӿ죬ǰ᲻ĺ豸ҲӲƴˡ

山ĹʵǱߣΪ²׼רǺҲԸٶȱȺ׹ʦĲǣǮλһк˵

ǮǺöһС

ԾԣҪĻʵ顣

ףǮҲֻһ߶ѣºլͬҲӰĳɹ

ˣǸϲߡ

ÿ˶ôᶨ

ǸΪıϲҵͨʧߵķѾȴѡѧ

ηηųӣƺΪһʾ޿ĵˣһ֧ˣǰҲֱƾӲǱ֮ǰ˺ü֡

ҶΪ׬ǮǮˣϼ򴱷ӣȢϱôǮҲĹһˡر𽾰˵ƺ֮ǰЩηηȫΪϼҵķӺϱʧˡ

ѡ񣬵Ҳֻѡء

ԼЩ˵õİɡ

ʵܿ¿Ҳ̲סʦ֣۲ĽѾ

ĽϺЦҡͷҵУѾʵˣʵңﶼȥ

ҲǣǸҲ˵׬˴ǮҲʵģ߸ɴԼŪʵңôô

㻹ȰICPĲɣϴһԴЦ

Ҳ̲סЦ

ǮȷʵһħĺöҲÿˣѡĹ⻷֮¡




86  86    ż

86
ĩ, Ǹ⽨ʦĴ£ԼʵҵĽȡ

ٶƺʵҵһڽѾ, ·ܵѾŲ, ȥһİƷ

ʵû̫ƿƿ޹, Ƕ޳ŵҪܸ, ϾʵǾҪװһ޳ϵͳ, ĲҲнҲʵһʻͶ롣

ʵҽΨһҪһа߱׼ˣȻ֮ǰѾ˳Ԥ㣬Ŀ, ѾԤĳ10%Ǳߵ˼ʱŻʵҽľѹ

ͷҲ˺Ҫá

ܹ׼ȷİѿÿһʾ֧, Ҫǻرῳ, ˵ǰȥɽļܣû뵽ŵЩʮϰĹĿ, Ҳһͦá

ᰶԻǮô, ܹϵԵҲãµĹϵͦ˳Ҳס

Ȼ̶һʱ, ŴһŮҲɿĳɳˡ



ͬʱ׹

ѾΪ˽ˡ

ϢͨϣѾ˺üηǳƯʤ, ˵ʽ̶̼¼ͷ˼ٱΪµĴ档

ɧĳܳһ·˴кרĽңӦȸ죬˽̶ܳȸãרĶԽӽԱ

Ѿ˽ľǣȥϸ˳ģͼǰϢ

죬߼ֻ־ӢһżְӣصԼĵ̡

սʼתϣţһӢۣѲĲӡ

ϵĿ֧ߴǧԪ˵Ȼڸ߸ͽǣ˵Ƿ΢ºһ㣬ҲڼᶨǰС

йƱгֻΪײֵĸ߿ƼƱڵλɹģʱʱںʵλüһ֣Ŀǰӯ״̬

Ȼһضĺӣ˳ᢵȻҪԭ򣬵ľãٳҲܲ

ΪʽĴͣԼҲԽԽ㣬ҲǸյ׹ԼʲôûСˡ

Ǯ˵ĵԺĲŸ̵ĸܵϻȷ

һĽʱĸ߸˵׼ȥѽֲܵͧһȦʱ򣬽׼ű죬ĸţ˵ȥԼͧ͡

ķλڻֵĶȫڽ磬֮ǰҲ˵ֹһء

Ȼܾܾôһλ롣  

ߣľͱݻĺ˽ͧסˡ

ͧ150ףĲ㣬Ưװͣһֱɻ

ĲҲݻֱֱӰѺլᵽ˺ϣԭľذ壬¶̨Ƥɳ̸ЦޱӾشһʱûʲôˮԱߵɳ̲ϣŲò毺õŮ״ȻĻЦ죬Ư塣

˵һ˽ͧۼۼǧÿάö

ĽˣҡźƱԺҲͬԡ

ҹĻҲþ̧ͷһۺĻͻȻƱ

ɲǼ䣬ǱһεĿأͧϵƹ˶һ˷ЦѺ˵ѹȥŮŮȲӾأչʾߣԭʿҲɿᣬ÷κ

ӭǮ˵磡ĴЦ

ҲһΣᵽʲôֽԡ

ڶ磬һƶһĴģϵ½ϸ޼ɵ͸ɵڵĲ˳

ɵ߽δĸܵʲôµ󶪸һԹ۹⣬ƮȻȥ

ֻԴڴ˼ûзʲô÷Ĵ

ʱλֹˡ

ĵľ̬Цһûĺӣɲ͸еı֡

ľִٵĿٴ·˼Ц

ԱߵɳϣȻҡŰľƱɵ㺢ӣϾҪԪֲˣʱκԼ顣

ľԱһڴĶ棺ЩҵǮֻһˡ

˭ǵıأ벻ҡͷЩǮ׬ģǾı¡

ҲֻͶ˵˼ĲĻѱЦ

㿴ȷʵһְҵµСӣҸϲˡңңһ±ôҪҪһܴȥһȫһ硣

ĺ棺ʲô磿

ЦһǮܹΪƵ硣

˵Ҫĺúȥ档

Ĺ˾λĵضΣĵطһ¥ġ

ֻһ뷭ǳѣ˵ǵһڣ¸һھͼ򵥶ˡ

ǮԭվشǰٷĽ־¸ȵԭͲĳũճɣǣĳЩ߲εĶ

ļѵһ¿ˮ

ôˣ벻ⳡǮߵĿ񻶣վڴǰ쿪˫֣ƺ٣С

һ֣ĿѣԵջ

ٴһ¿ˮ

վ۷ĸоƺֿɼ



ͬʱڣӭ˴ѧĵһĩԡ

ѧԶ˲٣ûиκѣǰһԾ뿪ѧУ

ʱĩѾܽˣҶ׼ȥꡣ

ʵҵĹѾʱͣͰһſҲȾһңǰȥˡ

䣬һԳᡣ

һԷޣиɲģˣ졣

ǶԷӦǷ̽ףɲǳһᣬƬǸɲֿǲǷżٻؼҵѧ

ͷ

ʱڴߣŶ֣һ뵽Ҫؼˣ̲ס

Ǹɲƺ˵ǿŵĶԱߵСϳԼСŮǼ۸Ҳþ˵һüͷ

ǶԷҲʾͬѧɣ

ͷ

ǸĽĿ̨Сɵÿֱ¶˵ⶫɹˣһĵطţİ

̵ꡣش

ǵطҪȯģȻҲ˵̵ֻ꣬һֱûлȥֻźҡҡͷ

ɲһһѧѣôĶ˾Ͳ㣿

ĪĿһۣԼ׬Ǯġ

Լ׬ǮƾͷݼĹǮɣɲЦԼڵλѵˣҲĲëЩ˰̫٣ʲôģһ쵽׷Щ⣬ĶǸĸѪǮ

һԼǮܵ

ǸͼԲСͬѧһǼãֻҪҲûʲô

ɲ۾һɣִִŵΪȻӦõƣǹһţݳƷǮɽȺڣ

ЦĿһϵıϵĺƤЬ˵ôôıҲȥ

ɲСŮ죬ŭˣ׬ģЩѧȻһ

˾һ˫ֱӰѶһŤͷѹˡ

ɲҲֻܶŽ

ǶҿҲֻεЦһ£Թ˵ȥˡ

ֺ¡¡ʻһԳű죬һɲ̽ͷ

ôҲ˳ϡ֮ǰǸɲ¶е΢Цӭȥ

˭֪ȴڰ֣תͷԾеЦһȫ״ԪɣиҲУżء

һ㶣û뵽ʶԼˣô֪Լһڳᡣ

ǸῴɫģϽ͵룬ҸųɶųѣƱҰŪģϧʱ˵㣬ҪȻܸŸһλá

лĵͷˣѾܲˡ

ͺãЦݿ˵ҾڸڣҪʲô飬ֱҾǡ

ҲҶţ˵˻͸뿪ˡ

֮ǰǸɲһ±ƣڴϵľֿеùڹĺææ˳ȥ

ʵ̫죬ϾʳƷҵڵģǰҲ

ӡɲǻһͨѧϹ˰ҪǣųɶˣɲС

ɲ׷ȥҲȥصģ˵˵£ղǸѧʲôͷ

ɲһۣӹݹ̣ڳᾡͷһڣҸղŲǶ˵ôһȫ״Ԫ

ɲЦάһ䣺û״ԪɱȲλ󳧳ϡ档

ЦһҲĥĥˣǸ״Ԫģ

ɲһ㶣˼ǡ״ԪǼҵģ

ǾѹǸŮһǮ˵ģˡ

ô㶼֪ӵĿһۣôǸдҵôͳ˽˵ˣĥţӦǸǸųеݹϵ˼ŮҲһ

ʵҲ̫õ׼ִλرദˣŹԼƱ飬ֲһСķ˶Է

Сӵãλͬˣ̶ɲ˵ú÷е㣬˵ǳĶҲǰͷһء

ɲһҵû˼˵ʲô֪أͰλˡ

ԼӴ

ͬǶ޺Ȼ֣ǸɲԾ̬һ˲٣꺮ůǶ˲ˮ˵ʵڵģе㷳ˡ

ɲȥˮʱǸӵʾǸǲ㰡ô̬ͻȻһӾͱˡ

Ѿ֪ɲ˳󹺻ȳģЦһЦֻϧҴˣﲻæ

ҲûȤôһǰƺ󹧵ļһ

ɲˮͷ⻰һƿžͶԾ;ĵЦ֮ǰ۲ʶ̩ɽʹ˲С˹һأ˵ųͦģҲһ仰£鷳ʲôġ

ЦôҪǲ˵Сˣ

ɲٺЦҲҡ

֮⣬ɲ˼ˡ

Цһתͷͳȥˡ

ֹһᣬ֮ǰǸһˣѾҲֱˡ

ɲ²Щˣʣǡ

Ŀһۣλǿ뿴㣬Ҫһᣬ˵㣬ôõĻᣬô˵ôݣ

ɲɫһӲˣһСôôСģǰ˸ǮϰǮϰɿס˭֪ʲôʱͰ˦أӲ

ҡҡͷøһ˵ˣֱӰѾ͹ȥٹʱְֱ۾һɣҲôˡ

һᣬҲ徲Ӱóһ飬Ŀ

ﻹкһͬ£˵ݣҲ̽ͷһᣬμźķԸ

ǳһԴү;ĵûһ㣬Ҳòдһʱ䣬ʮֺг

һһҹĻ֮ãڵˡ

˳һŵ˶ڼζ

֪ĳΣųɶžĽһͬˣһõӰֱӳ˹ǰھǼ棬ʱָöûһžĿ۵˵ˣ㿴˲٣ϿؼҺú졣

ڽЦرķˡ

ͷĻʳٺãܹҲǼҵζ

صҵĵһ¾Ƿ

̵˲ٶЩѾǰĻˣҲЩһڳĸģģųɶзݣ˸ͦƯĽֻųɶֱֵ˵ҪôһˣԺȥ̸ʱ򣬰Ѵһڳɣ

ĸĸϲǼƤ£˵ůòˣǾĸ׶ǴӲ⣬ֻŮͬ־ϲһֱû˹ȥȻ㲻ϲǾ͸Һˡ

İְʱֲˣǲУŮǸģôùȥ

ֵĶ죬žһЦųɶҲֺǺǵǸһƬڡ

ϵʱ򣬾ָ˵ֵľ󣺼ֻȳҪˣ񳵼ſڻʡĴŶأ߸Ӧ㣬е׷˶ʮߣųɶҲȹӦǳ󣬾˵ҲҪлˡ

˵ҲƵĻȳ˵ǸҪ㣬۸ҲȶĹö࣬ΨһǿľǲҪôþѾмҵȲĳӣѾǱȥˡ

ʣƤĻǱûУ

ҡͷû˵˵Ҳ֣״ԪƤ״ԪҪأٴָҪҵǾƤеζû״Ԫóԡ

ЦΪ㲻ϲԷⰡǼҴСȱȣȻںǶԲ˵Ƥ۸ˣζҲ㣬ϲȻҲࡣ

ƣٹƤķͷ͸ó׹ˣʱ򣬸Ժȵ˴һԷúܡ

ʱг׷Ŀζ͸ǸнĴ⳦ˡ




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Ľ, һʵʵĸԣꡣ

겻һ곧ûɱ⡪Ҫ϶áѼ㶼ǹģÿһⷢ˶ʮ, Ķ, һܲ, ůܡ

ﻹһⷢ˽, ٵļʮϰ, СõѹǮһأСҲˡ

һ·Ҽһ£ɫ, Ҳһʮ㡣

ҹͷ죬Ĵ, ˵˵ЦЦ, Ŷڴ

ҵ˽ʵҺܿҪˣϸϸ˵, ʱԼʵ, ǻҪҼ֣㷴̫ð졣

̫õĻҲΪĳɾ͸еģߵѧҵҲˣȻæ, ǸƾһҪõҲһһ߹һѧϰо˺ܶ, ϻҼĵҲã֮ǰĵطҲѧˡ

ÿ˺ܾãʽ㣺ˣ˵׼¥ˣ۰סȥϾ·гڵͲ¥ˡ

ֱӰѸĸӵǣȲ˵ݻкܳһʱ䣬ҪǣԺˣĸѺϵȥǶҲСסһ£̫ʱ䡣

µͷõģ˵ˣʱһ׾ۼѡϾǳĴ󹦳

ЦҲ˵ǳŮǿأ

ֿʼҴ˶ԷĲʺƨԱӵĸĸЦˡ



ʱ׹

С̼ҹꡣ

뿪ڼʮ꣬С̼Һܶϰ߶Ѿͬˣֻйϰߣı

ʮһ죬Ǻͼ˵žʱ̣һ㲻ܱı䡣

С̺Ϻζڵʱ

³ȥţſվŵڵϿĴݺݵһ

ժñӣʣ𣿡

ڣڵġ³æˣԼıӭӹ͡

ôˣҲһ

Цϴε飬㿼ǵô

֧֧ᣬ֪ôش

һδԼŶӣŵ˾ԵĲƸȨδ

ǴʵЩŵġ

Щ£һֺصļֵۣϵж

Ҳ˵壬λʲôġ

Ͼܶõʲλҵİٷ֮һ

οǮһ󲿷ֶء

ҪͼıԼͶȻˣҲףž׼ȷȼ֮

һ벻ףΪʲôҪҼŶӣֱʵֻΪҵ

ΪͬһˣЦˣҴȥ棬˵ܰ¶ˡ

ǡĳɵĿһС̡

ôˣʡ

ȥҵ˵һ˵

ȻСʧǵע£ĸŴ̨ݻޱȵļӳγ

ǿ׵£Īգû뵽ܻʶ³Ŭĸ׿λոհݷùԼҵһλô˲ˣ˵ԼҾϰڣԶõʽǶˣ

ΪʲôҪڹʱĴȥС̲

ֲĽա³ʼ硣

Ļûô߼Ľγ

λ쳣ÿһλһС̨׵ԱһСţȻһƶľƽѡ

ƽؾķᣬĻǸֺƣ׵ó߽űԼС뱭벻볢һ

ǲݵĺƣ̫ϲζˣصزһƽѣ϶ҲϲġƼ

ȴҲһƣľҺͬĺ챦ʯֻϧܾúƵζ̫ӣϼҵę́

׼ȥģĺʡ

ȥһĻ׵ص˵Ȼ֪ж˲𣬵ʱ϶ȲҪġ

ĻֽŵĺһھƣȻ㱻ҺǺ



꣬ȥһȦݣִѧУǱõһʲСķֺ졣

ųɶΪ֮ǰʱòʲôǮǷչͷһƬãۿҲǼԴ

ûеȵѧߡ

ﻹһڵأڽʵңѧУʵҵĿ飬Ҫ˶š

Ź³壬ڼ˵У̤ȥǵĻ𳵡

ǵζﻹҪأϵǱȼĺֽмһƲȥʯ

ĺԺĴǰģͷƺ硣

ֱ˯һһҹŴӳ;ƣлָ

ŶӣЩˣǺԼͨ绰ӣƻӣȥ绰

Ҳ֪ΪʲôĲûаԼ绰һ²ǲǴʱˣҲû̫⡣

ʵҵĹ˵ҪȵʮԺſǸĽʦҲʱܵطȥˣ˵ҪúỪķ顣

ʵߵѾˣʵϣĿĿй˴ʮһ죬Ȼݣ¼͸ûкһ

ʵΪǰڲûֻһЩԵĸ٣֮ǰʮƪģʵҵϤĿ

ԭΪԼʵҵʱӦÿˣû뵽ǸȻڡ

з骣ʵȾ£ʵһȻ˵츳Ҳֻ֮ˣͷҪѧϰӴ֣Ӵ豸Ļᶼࡣ

ʱ򿴵骻ʵҿϣЩȡ

骲˼ЦЦҾǱˣü̫ˣʵ徲Ǿѧ㣬û뵽ôͻˡ

ȻŴһʵҲ˼ѧûֱӽ֣ϻһ㣬ϾԼоһǾǰϵĸԱСöࡣ

ЦЦҲǵʵߵ顣

ʵľѻʣһ㣬һأû˸ҵʣྭˡ

ǮȻ࣬Ҳǰʵˡ

һʵ飬ֱֱּ

Ķ۾һѧ㣬׼ʼˣҪҪҰæ

һ˵ŻһѾڵĿʼݶˡ

Ȳ⼸ݣʽʵ黹Ҫȵʽ˵Ҳ֣ĿޣԺҲҪеһ

骸߸˵һ

ڶ죬ҲʵңȻ죬ҲĬĬļ˽



ѴսÿԺϵͷϷ

ʵҵĿǰѾȥˣҲﺰʱھǰôţôͳһƹ㡣

ȵʱ򣬲浶ǹಲƽʱ˹˹ĵĴڴΣʱһֱ࣬޲ֱֳͷˡ

ǹʵȥֳţѿ϶Ҫ¿ģ㻹˼ﱨ

ѧʵҲ˼˵˵ˣһ㻯ѧԭ϶ѣҪôǮ

ѧоǺųֻҪһ֧һӾУʮ򶼹һ¥ֽˣǧ㹻ˡ

ǵĳɹǵĿǿˣƾʲôǼʮǼǧ˵ˣǶԴͼʱǺܴģкüʻҪμӣֲ͸ѧƿɲһ

Ϊ˶һ㾭ѣ๥Ҳֻǻѡ

ַ·սһֿʼһĿ

ʵ治Ѿüξˣһֱûɹ͸ÿˡ

ˮƽаһƪҼǵûǷڹڣҲûʲô⣬ôྭѣȫϹˣ

һĿˣҪʮľѣǿЦɣҿǧ黹ࡣ

ǮϷʵĿǸɵͬ٭һۣȥѧУͷƪʮӰӵģһռһƪ

Էһ죬ǿӲⲻǻûóҪֻǼĳȥ㣬ҽѧÿScienceNatureϼģҪô˵

˵ǿѧڿ

ǮڽһЦŷ⣺˭˵ֻǼĳȥѣظѾˣСޣݾܷˡ

ԷЦһûʽܹ鲻㣬˭֪ʲô֪ء

һ²ϵķ֣Ժÿ϶٣Ǯ˵ˣĴһȥǰѧУ˼ʮԪ£

ڼʮûʲôϡ棬ԪﶼӲͨ

˺ˣǸУ˰壬ҿĿǰѧˮƽҲеģһھѲʮһ˵ѾǺܴһǮˡ

Ǯŵ¡

һԪľѺܿͲĿҲڿʼ˳УǱʵҵĹҲ¿ʼƺһжԽԽ˳ķС

ʱ򣬾Ǽ磬˵ǺȻҵ׹ӣбӹȶ˶²ϵרȨϣԷύһϵ֤ݵͬʱר׹ʵεר֤ˡ

һǵӮ󲻴󣿡

Էش𣺡ǿ˶Էύ֤ݣֻмƶȲߵƲϣò֤ݣӮİպܴ󡣡

˵ؼĹ˾׹ⳡֻҪӮˣҲѭ̫

˾ҪǮġ

׹Ͽһķᣬƺһж£ǼֻרȨһ飬Ҳأ֪жå˾Ŵ˾ֶΣӲǮӦߵС˾Ʋ˳ɾͰרߡ

ҵǳĳʤϷҲʮ־ˣ׹ߵĹ˾Ǳ߸Ԥþͳ򣬻ų׷ӿܡ

רȨ˾ĺʱһ꣬ѼǧҲʲô¡

һ²ϵĵҲȷʵֵЩ˾¶ɡ

Ǯû⣬˵ߺܿͽ˴

Ǳ߻мǧԪڲҪʦѵ⣬²ϵ÷Χ㣬ҲһʮԪгǰڴʵϷѣҲԤ֮С

۵רȨ˾ͬҲһõһҲһǰѭ

Ǿ֣Ȼϵġ

һͻȻʧһ׹СǱߣ֪ȥ

Ȼһ󲻰

ϻĴǮһͶʵҽ裬һһЩ豸Ķ˻ʣĴֻٶѡ

Ҫǻǣľȥˣ

ѲɣһֱӾǱˣ

ھͷöʱ֮Ŀݷá

Ĭ֮ǰȷ˵ԼǾûзϣ˭֪Ȼָһھͷ۵ʱ˹

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ССĲңЧһأʲôûˡ

ʲô¡żɽʡ

ĬͳЦ

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ⱻ˿ܻеȴһ飬ԥľܾлǲˣԼܽ

ĬЦ׹˾ɲһ򵥵飬СϵǮˣר˱ˡ

ѹüԷ֤̫ǣǿˣؿ϶Ӯ

ǿɲһĬصҡͷãǼҵ֪²ϵгʮԪ¶ľģܺĶã׹Ĵʦ۰ˣӦ֪ǵļ룬ϾѾƸһġ

²ϲŸз˭޷жļֵ˵

Ĭ趢ڳ۾İĺˮ֪ȻҲ֪

ָ֮ıȻһ£֪Ĺͬ㣬ɱ֪Ҫöࡣ

һݡ

Ĭ̸еȨ΢΢һѹԵ̬ԾЦ˵ȷԼôǮǸǮӣڻϵϣ

ʲôŭˣ

һطˣĬҡָǸСںõúܣѾױ˰Ǹ̵סˣҾҲ̫ˣΪʲôһĺӣھ޶ǰܹصסڲ٣

˵˵ţЦƺԾŸоǳȤ

Ѹٵƽ񣺡ҵֻļʮǮѾԶԶֹˡ

һ󷽵ˣĬͬҡҡͷһ㲻̫һҸϲģǰǮĸо

֣һŵץնȻ߬ס¶˲пЦݡ

Ŀ

ڣ㿼ǺҺĬЦת˲ֱ嵭ţ֮ǰǸ޺ĵ

ǺͱӹҪҲһ𣿡ǲһôͶԼ

Ⱥ׸Ŀ棿Ĭ¶˻ı飬ȻǣڸǺΪͼΨһȤģҲֻнǮѡ

ɫȻÿ֪ͬһˣ׸ǽڴ࣬ǰֻСѡ

кȻһ֪δ

ĬϵĿȥеЦ㲻Ҳһ

ƱʱҾע⵽ˣɵĵָ۹⣬֪ЩʲôЩпյĿƻС˵ҲǳȤ

ŵñ˼

ϣôõĻᣬȻ˼ϿοԣŪһְ࣬Ĭ˵˵ִЦЩ˷ʱ䣬𣿡

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Ȼ׷ҲйĬʼ磬ǼƪĵģȵǮأֻǮܹĶ

߿˵ֻҪҸɣҿԱ֤ӵȽʵңҪжٵоѣֺοڹֹطת˷Ļᡣ

û˿ԥҾںܺá

ˣĬһ̯֣Щװģ쵼ľѣ

ûҪ˾ԺôЦЩүɲƣֻѧʵɹ͸֮ǰŪȥλһȻ㽫ѣױϳѧȦҵ֤ò

ԽԽ

Ŷˣ㻹һеĬĻȫǼЦ벻ͨӵôõĻᣬΪʲôҪȥҵ򽻵ף˷Ưˡ

ҿɲá˵

ĬҡҡͷͲһӵ֣ҵûô

һзģҲȵµǸھԵ·ŶħϢ

ҲĻҲ

ʲô˵ǮӦѾ׬˰ɣ˼²⡣

ǮԶӶ࣬Ĭҡҡͷҿɲ㣬޼ɵĻӻĻᣬҪģ磬ǰ롣

ĪĿ˾Ǹ񾭲

ĬȻǸģϵĿַɿֻʣһƬ䣺ȻҲˣֻϣԼѡ񡣡

侲˵Ҫʱ俼ǡ

ĬЦ֪ĺûôЭұ뾯㣬ʱ壬ңҲûôģһֱĻش𡣡

ͷֱ뿪

ңҲǣ޷ȷĽۣԼԼڴţĲˡ

ҪһأҲ֪Լڴʲô

ϾĬղЩţԡ

뿪ݣĺԺߵʱ򣬺ȻԼſվһűˣе졣

ŲҲ̧ͷһͿʼһ޹˼ɵ۴͸һСһ

ģôͻȻˣ

ϵ·ȫһѣƺվһ;档

ңҡȫһȺӣҾҪˣʡ

˶٣ʡ

ûпһѱ飬ﻹһڣ۵ҵ20%㻹аǧҾǡĲˣȺУһȺӱ̬񾭲

ߣִſ־˵




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88
Ķ׵, һֱǱи߶ȾģƮǶʱ䣬Ҳλе, ҪΪԼǮ

Ǯ, ˭֪Ǯøɲɾ

ıԼСɰ, ᶨ, Է컨׹Ǯ͸Щȥ伦Ĵһ, ³ˣڵȥ

ǣ˺ͧӳֿ, ʶ˰ɽլԾʶǮ˵ķ⣬üᶨŬԺ, ׵ƺҲڱſ, ģһ硣

Ȼķ, ЩǮʱ, ȫTMˣ

ʵϣҲûԼˣȺԵ⣬ڼԼǽǮʹ, Ĵˣվ֮ϵĳˡ֮ӻˡ

ԼҲˣûѱ˵ˡ

ʱ, ׵˵ǴȥνϷȴ쵽һƽƽĶС¥ǰ

һڡ˸߲ҵⴱľ󣬡ҲһȨƵļ壬õҪһУҲӵ׵ɣ

СӿõģеĴҲǺڶģرˡ

תһȦΨһ뵽ģҲֻĳЩ̫Ϸڽ֯ˡ

СӵĿ˵һ׵ıδ󺺣ڴĹҵģܻˡ

ԴˣֲϾȻҲ崺Ц˽ȥ

վƾɵСľǰʱ򣬳˼룬ֹܾطȥԺҲ֪ܲܳ

ǲɣ׵֣Ͱֱ˽ȥ

߹һȣֽһµĵݣƵĵƹ˸ͨظָ·ƣһֹ

Ŀһ۵壬ﾹȻŲ㡪ǽһµĦ¥һ

ԼϰףȻǰȻʣһ´䣬ľƵꡣ

һǳĴоϰ׸ߣĵĵƹյߵ񷶥ͨ͸ƺͷһƬʯȥȥ൱毺õò

׵´Уʱ˴кȥ൱Ϥ

ʲôطʡ

˼á׵Ц˵

ʼĸо

ν˼ãݻţκһǼƵꡪĵ¡

˿񣬾Ŀˡ

ֱתһսǵʱһСźȻ򿪣һǱŮˣͷңմѪʧĳȡ

Ȼ󣬾ǰǸŮֱ˻ȥ׵ֻý׵˲֣۾ûգһ¡

ղǸǲӦøϿ챨𾪵ʡ

ûʸط׵Ц˵ˣ˼ã䷨ɵԼ

ǡŬάޱ飬Ѿʼս

õģǲͬ࣬ˣҲһȵĵļ򣬡֪ΪʲôȫǮˣ𣿡

ΪΪʲôŬԼʧ̬

ΪңǮ˿ΪΪЦƺǳ⣬ȻʱҲҪ΢װһӣЩͨĴ׾ƭȥˡ

ǣŶԷһЦ

ʱѾڶµˣַİĵصףֱǴŻɵ飡

׵İڰ֣Щûʲô˲õģҴȥĺö

˼ãһӴĵصԹӵзǳӵĽṹ͸ӷĹܡ

ЩĲϸϸ˵Ψһᶨֻһ̬ȣѹдʱۣԥҿЩƤαװµĶ

֮ܶЩµĶ

Ҳ֪ǲԼαװ̫ɹȻ׵ΪԼһˣȻ˵İ쳤ںµˣǸ̬硣

ֵǮĶ˻е˼ǲôȺ̾ڵص׵ãǺ࣬ѾȫͬĴˡ

Ǹڵ磬ǶԲǵȴոѡ

׵֮ǰĵĴ棬һĻʽ

ʽһ޴ĻеģؿƻԪشӵģһŸƳõĸ˵ԡ

ȺΧЩԣԭʼĤ𡪡ԭһ˸ıǰĻ档

Щ¹ڳˣԭʼ˶硣

һʱĿʼ׵һ˷ܿȣǸܵŽһ𣬴ӴԺ󣬹˺֮ϵռƣˣҲԻøܵϵ

ϵ£һͷ

ˣ͸Ǳı߸Ƶġ

˵Щһ˻ҪΣա

طѾֹһϤˣЩӱֽϵĳͣνӢۼطһħֵĴۻᡣ

ѹ׵֮ǰ˵Ҳûˡ

Ȼˣʡ

ȻûУľֵ۾㶼û취ǶʲôԼˣͷ벻ʱѹ˵

ľãһҪ˵һžֱӱĸʯˡ

Ȼأʡ

ȻҾͺ˵Щΰ֮ĻôǸطˣ˵ȻҾ͸˵һҪعǮǵΰ룬Ȼ˼죬ȷͷ˵㣬˻عĻƱ

ǲ֪ʵ̫ˣĿ޵һѱһᣬ˵ĸһʲô磬ޣʵһǿ

˵ÿȴ̲סЦ

ںγɹ۵ʵ˵ֱоҲͦġ

Թ񶢵ˣſһʣ㲻Сһң

ģҾĥţȺһȻڵ£Ǵ뻹Ǽùģ˵ˣҺûʲôʵʵľһعˣСǷӰȫ

ѧҵô죿ʡ

̾

Ҳܾᡣ

մһӳȻԸٳȥһԼıδֺȥǸõѡ

Ҿ벻ͨˣǶ׬Ǯô񾭲ˡķ߷߲ƽ

ӣû˼˵鷳Լǵġ

Ҳû뵽ϻһߡ

һһ̬񾭲

ǸħߺĬûйϵ̫ȷ׵ȻܵĬ֧ʹҪȻҲʱôá

˵ǸרȨϣӰ

ֿһ۾δģı뷨ǸרȨϣ϶Ĭйأ

Ҳ̲ס̾һԽΪǵ񾭲湻ġ

һͨbbҵ˼˳ˡ

˵Ҿ㻹ӦüѧҵõģЩһҲûôš

ĵһģǰ

ȻŸش˵ʵҲûôҰĴģģԭҪǧԺſʼ

Ĭʲôã´ô͵ˡ

һ⣬ȶҲˡǾӲ⡣

ʱWWWû⿿һNSFnetһǼ̨ԣаĻ

оһʱĲ͸ʱֻһȫϹ

ôһһصأôôûӡҲЩѽ⡣

ҲףĬΪʲôһҪԼȥˡ

Ǽһ￴еģԼδϢҵ˽⡣

ֻϧʹ˵ˣϱֻһϲڿ־ͨѧʦҵԻܳһҲ֪ŵķչ򣬿ҪĦ١ԲʵڳΧˡ

ĦӢضĴʼ֮һ1965һۣ˼Ǽɵ·ϿɵľԼÿ18¾һ

ھǰɻûбơ

ˣҲͲãԼܸıɡ

ϲĻ˳ƶΪɽ·ˮţǸ񾭲һʲôֵֹ硣

ȻĬ賰ЦԼũƷϲ̨棬ȴãƮϣһҪݺˤġ

ҪǻȥǸ̬ͷô죿˵⻰ʱ˱ȺĴŮ

Ǿֱӱԥ˵

׹ľ첻ףҲҪǶ˭

ͷĻȻ͸ãһǶԵģǸңǮȨ

ߵ˼䡣

Ŀԣһ±ơ

ʼ磺ûȥǱߣôˣûʲôԼĸ򣿡

ҲûС°͡

Ҳһˣǰھʱ򣬸߰ĹϵҲ˲١

Ǹȥãûķ

ЩӣҲὲϵɻʡ

ȻЦһҪȻΪΪʲôôУѻ᣿Ǹ̬ͷΪʲô£㣬ҲһΪϵ

ʱϵ飬ɲһֻƾǮڼǧϵĻĴУЩǰëѪļһǱȣǲ֪ǿȥˡ

Ȼ¾ҲֻܵһͷʦҪԼ󣬾͸ñɸľͷˡ

ɲ֪ôģͷԵСӻͦġȻ汻ŵùǺ

аһءʵҲԼһͷŵƨӻʵ̫ԲСүĸˡ

Ҳ𼱣æסððʧʧ׼뿪ļһڻˣðһæ¶Ҳߡ

Ǯڵľη塣

רҲãͻȻðҰļҲã׼ɨɣ

ľЩ⼿Ǹϲװ׵ģֱӰѴӺݺҹȥɵͼһˬ졣

ֹ˼죬ĴǮȷһHK

ǱһСүĵҲ׳һλصݺס

˵ģ֮ǰǱ׵µͧסˣΪֻ졣

һ룬϶ǲˣ׹ٱϻһᡣ

ֻװģҲõĵط

Сүӣؽ۷磡

Ȼȵһ£ɾ顣

ͷߵİ£Ľưݷ˲ٵ

׹һֵĵط󣬾˰αװɹ˾Ĺҡ

һ˾ڲͻвͬţÿһŶΪԼļЧܶʱ򣬻ҲͲˡ

˵̬ͷȦҲͿ϶ڶ֡

ͦɣȦܴǱߵĶͷ

ǣľͿŽǮ·Ϊĳλͬڵﾭ¶ϱĳϣǸ̬ͷ

һ׵µʱԼĿ⣬ľ;رˬ

Ȼ˵ĳЩ˾ǼԽã˼ԽôߣԼվ˼ҷˡ

ȻԼİȫ϶ҪãȱǮԼһֻרҵڶ飬ҲС̼Ұһӣܱ߰ŵͰһˮò

Ҳ׵ڱֱˡ

ʱ򣬻ڹڵĬں׵ϵˡ

˵ʲôƻʧܣĬü

㲻˵Ǹһˣźǵļƻ˿ȤͶǸ̬Ŀɣ֪ǼһĳЩŵĹϵܺãҲǡ

ϵ绰ĬĺԺķͣãվߡ

̧ͷһ۾ǵͷ΢΢һۣ뿪ˡ

רȨϰʱʼԷʦҫҫһͨ⣬ȴ̸ͨ˼

ǵ֤ݷǳ㣬Է̬ȻҲǲ̸ֻҪǴӦö40%רȨǾͬ˽ˡ

Ļشֻ֣򣡡

ûȤѷιǿԡ

ֹ˼죬Ǳߵ̬ȸӻˣһأȻϣ˽ˣֻҪ20%רȨ

ڵ绰һЦ1%Уû̸еıҪЩһݺݴˣԺֻðѪ

Ӿʮ꣬Ҳõĸʦˡ

ϵ绰ĵ̬ȱȾҪţ̸ʲô̸ǰԼȸۿ

ʵ֤Ǵ˾ҲһԸʤ˵̡

չֳľʵöԷףһ㶼ȥ

ǴҵĹɶǣɲԸͽ˷ϷѵΪ

ĽεİҸ˺ü˲ٱֽͷͷ˵ӣ²ϵֳ״˳ȥԺǱȴ׼ĳˡ

ͷǱˣ˳㻹ִ˸档

Ĳ֪Щһʲô飬Լˬúܡ

ϵӣ˵һСˣŶ˸к֡

·磬һ⣬תͷڵ绰ָԹܾûﲻ̫ԡ

˵ô£Ǯܴ˾ô죿

ţвǱոĶֻǮˣ񡣡ϷʵĻش

ϸĥһ⻰þ˵еĻ˾ǲһ˵㶼ûأôܿô͸

ܲ˵仰ǴӺ￴ģֻЦ

ҾǾã߰ӣԺ϶⣬˵ǰǾãߺúѧȥͿԱЧˣ־ãѧЩ߰ĶȥǸҵˡ

˭˵ģķ㣬ϻ˵֪֪˰սʤֻ˽˵ˣܹ״

һ㶣ԴǱ״ˣҪ˵ԼֱӸҶԽ֮¶ʵְɡ

һģұĸ졣ڵ绰ͷᶨ˵

ЦˣҾһء




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רȨ˾Ϣڵʱ, Ѿ˺üġ

ǮڼҴҵҾǲôһ£ûʲôҪæĵط

ֻϧ, ǱߵĹ˾Ѿ, ֻʣһβѡ

˾Ļ, ǮڻЩţʱɲҪ, ǰҲͷ֪ǵķԺʲô, ҵʦҲһλǳѧߣǿȡ֧֡

лرϿҵ˵Ĳõ, ˾Ѿʤȯˡ

ǮҲǸˣʣι˾DAWN˾˲Ǯɣ

Ȼ˵DAWNⳡ˾ҵǮ, Ͻڵ඼̲סһ¡

ôǮ, ֵüľˣ

ʱҾô࣡ҡͷֱ̾һ־޴˷ѣ

Ǯ۵Ĺ, ֺǮ˵һ¡

˵DAWN׼ھǽʵ, Ƹ뾮ʵεʱǮڷǵûбڽǵķŭԵ÷ǳˡ

˵˼Ͽ, Ҳ˵Ǽ³ʵңû뵽ʵҵĸˣԺúøɣһҪԵ˼ҵʶ

ǮԺĴ㡣

ѧڽҵƸʲ, һѧΪһҵʵҵΡʵҹģǴСԵúܲѰˡ

οڲŴһ

DAWNֲƴ֣˶ԺѧаǮ˵ʵҵԼҲܼ࣬ʵҳ˳ɼתۼͻԼЩ㶼Ҫ׼

ԹԵͷ̡ܽ

ʵǱߣһϣģǮ˵ѧУʵҵľѣ㵽ͷǲ࣬ǱϾóҪʲô⣬Ҳи塣

óǮڵĽҲǺ⡣

֪DAWNǾģ˼ҹӲţͶ˷˾ӡ

ҲܵģҲרġɵ˵

ôᣬǮҡͷҲҪΪϾѧҵҪˣڻᣬˮƽĿΣҲԲ

ʵ˵ǮڵĿչ˷ǳмǲ˼˵DAWN˼ǣ߼ˣҪȷʵҹȨȨĹ

ֱ˵ߵȨרȨȷ֣ҲȥԺ鷳

ǮڣȻεģιʵ山ѧǣһˣɲһרףɴʼʱȷȨ

Ǯ룬Ҳͷͬˡ

ֻû뵽Էôʽ

DAWNǱһë⣬иHKˣʮʽķļ山ΪʾأһλֹʵҵĸУΪ֤

ҲΪǳϸĶԾڹʵҵְȨԼ⳥ͬʱʵҲҪʵҳɹȨ棬

Ǯڿû⣬⳥

ʵҸѧҪ⳥ģͬҡͷ˵ˣʵһǮˮҲѧģһ̫ϸˣҾûҪ

ԱߵǸУҲͷȷʵҲ̫ûζˡ

Ǹöĵʦ̲סһ㶣ǲԼˡ

Цûϵģһרֺ죬ںǮ˵ˣȨͳͷдҲغִС

˵ŻֱӾļǩԼ֡

Ǯһ룬ҲбɣԼ׷ˣҲܸɴǩ

ȵDAWNҵߺǮڲھ˵˲ʱҵĻҪǧСģǧ˸ˡ

ڶֻůůġ

Ǯˡ



߸ǩЭ飬ʵҵĻҲҪ깤ˣֻʣһβĹȻ󣬾Ϳ豸ˡ

ֵ˿ֵĴɹʱ䡣

֮ǰǼ𽥵λкܶСŲۣȱҲС

׼̨ϼܣΰ֮࣬иֺĲģǮò࣬˲١

ָԼһܼҵ׵ĸоҲÿģ

ڣһ⡪ȱˡ

ӵһԼʵҵȻģǣټʵңһҲû취

ʵңѧдʮˣ̽ʦ֮࣬ϰˣҲֻ˲Ŵһʵ˳ȥ

ԼʵҹģȻܺ͹ʵұȣǼҪġ

ʵҸճʲôɹûУţСţмʵҵĸӦòѣѡҲܼ򵥣ֱǮҡ

һоԱĹ50-60ԪӲֱӷʮ600ͬҲиָ

ʵڶ࣬صоԱҲֻ࣬ҪǮλˣӦúܿеʵˡ

Ǻܿͷ֣Լʵ̫ˡ

˵ϢųȥһԵҲûУĿǰΪֹõľһӳļԱٻܲһ

󲿷ˣĿֻ߱ܲܽ칤ʵġ

Ҳǣ˸ںĻȶͱƣһսʵңһûʲôҵôôף㱨ĹʸߣҲû˶¸ɵúúõĹ۹ĳ嶯

飬Ҫӳ顣



æʵ飬ȱ˲ٿΡ

Ѿһ˰ˣǾˣûȫ

˵ҲһΪصĴڡ

ͬѧһѧУǹ⻷ʱ򣬾Ҳ̫

ǻῼԶҲûʲô˲ġ

һѧڹȥѾʵҲ˵˵˳ɹȻ˵ʵ˶ʲôŪ̫ⲻ˵Ůǳ

ǶԾģҲҪǾŮȺ̿β˵԰ϵĻҲܲԡ

ǰϵĻӣУѧᣬϲľǸ߰꣬˭Ҫǲμӣᱻϸִñӡ

¿Σ̨֣ܵ˵Ǳ͸ڰԼһϣŮǶȥżӸ͡

˵Ҳʲô£˵ϲǻһͽ˷ˡ

Ůֱ˵ûʱҪ飬˵ֿʼЩŮҲ̫ûŶʶˣֻԸμӣ̫

Ҷĸ֮ӣҲںĴñӣиŮЦǰˣʲô˼Ҫб°ѾйԺҪʲôҶûжҪû£Ժٳܡ

ٱһ˭˵ûˣǸ֯޼ɣݺݸһ״ˣ

뿪ıӰ˵ģȥҾ鷳˰ɣС˸һմϣܽ˶İ졣

ڰϳϲС״˿ɲ١

ģ֮ǰ˵ǸŮһɲܽӣǾƺ˰ɡ

մʵҳͱһͷߵסˣͬѧɣǺͬ١

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ٿһģҶͬѧˣҷ㼸ûвμӹϵĻΣԴ˰ϵͬѧܲϣܸıֲȺΪ

ЦĿһۣʵԺҲ̫ϵĻǸæҲ鲻ʲôʱ䡣

ٵһ裺ôȫȺˣҪȥԱ״ȥ

ʱҲ뿪ʵңһһʵϸڡ

Īüʾץסᡣ

ôˣʱŲе֡

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˵Ļɫе죬ЦĿһ۾

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Ͽһָ˽һʵҵĴ

ʵôȥ˾Ⱥ𣿡ȻдʣԱʵѧϰڽͲѧϰˣȺڵĲȺΪҾҪݺģ

ȻǸ˵ӣǶֺҲûģһʣǸԱǸԱѧУ߾ҪȥУһߣУͬѧܽʵΪ㣬ҪҲһ㣬ҲִͬѧڵĳɼȽѧҲûϣðɣʱӦŬѧϰ׷Ϻ˵Ĳ࣬Ͳùˡ

ٵ¾ˡ

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, ϧﶼϲ, Ҳ

ѧʱ, پϲͬѧָʹϸ, ʱΪɼã˾ﲻ, Ҳ˵ʲô˴ѧҾͲһˡ

ˣиòͷˣ˼ı, Ҫ治Ҳʵҿ

һôţɼþʸƲˣҲʵҾ͹ܲˣ

˼ЦȥҲһܲˡ

ܶ, ΪԼʲô˲õˣ

һ˭˵ҹܲ˵, ƫҪúǸ֪ҵı£

Ȼͳҡ

ʲô, ߺ, һ˲ſ˵ģǸСˣԽԶԽá

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һԵһ߷Ӱ10ϵģʲôʱ򣬶һֵôĺ顣

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칫ҵŰ볨ţͷƺˣٹͷԵ̽ȥһַۣɿԴ

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Ȼһǽǣ֪ǲҲ״ġ

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ǰһ

ˣʱ˶ָŵλķַߣҲǲٹĹƫͣȻס˲ŵҪԭ

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ǻԼ˵ʵҵʱҾţϻԽһԱᣬѾˣʮ͹ˣ֮ǰʵҽǱ߻ĲϣҲǮ㹻ˡ

һ㶣Ŀ·ڿδķࡣ

治˼գգۣҲ˵˵õ档

ǳãļ򣬡һͽˣǲҪһҪõĽذѾԺǻԸƷϹһȦУˣǱȥϣ

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ԶȴֻһھΡ

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ԶصҵʱϻŹ⡣

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УҿˣǵصصĴ󷿣һ100ƽأ°ܽˣҿͼֽ΢һ£ӶԼķ䣬Ժ˵ܰҲӹһסٲסǸûвͲ¥ˡ

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ƪصģǾԵĵһߺȫרˣ˫ƵǵоУϺͷ骵Ĺ׶ͣԼˣ˰Ѷֱӷ˳ȥ˫ƵǵרֺҲ֮ǰ²ϵĹѧУDAWN45%5%õ3%ſ2%

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ǹʵҵĺôˣֻҪܳɹ͸õľ⡣

ʱֻҪʵ̾ͺˡ

˵ļĵNatureǮڴ㶰ΣһϵյĵԼȻϵҲû뵽ôĻţ˺üڵĵһ仰ȴǸԤһ̨˫Ƶǡ

ΪʵҵĴϰ壬ռһģʶµļͻԵԭƵǵƺӭж⣬ҪǣԲپҪ󼫸ߵо򣬶м档

ʵϣӰķ˹˼ԼҲû뵽Ȼô̵ʱ䣬һοǸ˵ġ

һأNatureĹ庯ĵǹ˫Ƶǡһȫµļǡ

ŰĹ룬Ľǰķ˹˼ƪĵķ

Ψһе벻ͨǣƪĵֺ֮ǰƪڵؽᾧͬͨѶλȴֲһ

ǰϤĻ山ѧʵңһ֮ǰûзĵʵҡ

Īǻͬͬյ˺ܶࣿĵһӦ

Ͼͬͬյͬʱ˷Ƿĳɾܱͣͬһڼ̵ʱǷɾͣҪ΢һ㡣

ʵҲһ山ѧԸ´Ӧﵼʦڴ

һͬѰϢjingxiͬһˡ

ķ˹˼ĬƬ̣ȻǳʹĶʵ˵ǴţһǳǿĶ֣ˣҪǶʮСʱʵң˵΢ǸһЩ롣

Ψһֵҵǣ˽Լѧ˵ŲôרһǸϳĺûᡣ




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92
Ȼᡣ

оһû̵ս, ÿһʵ̨ǰߡ

ڵؾĸշãݴѧĽҲһƪƵģֻͬھѡΪ», ǲõһֲϵ

ĳɱ, ʵҲ׸, Ϊ, ؾá

ô˵Զֻһ, ֵֻòο׷߶ѡ

ǵһ׶εʤζžڡ

ؾɹƱֻǽ˴㵽һ⣬Ǿɫ, һ൱ңԶľ롣

׵⣬ǵpͲ⡣

Ϊһֱ뵼ϣؾзǳĹѧ, Ҫɶܻ߾ʹ, ͱʵPNᣬҲǰP͵غN͵һ

صNͲӱȽ׽, PͲ, ;缶ˡȻбսһ缶Ĺ̡

ȵһҪȷӵĽԪء

ѡþǺܿѡ

ΪþĶۻ, ʹߣҪܽþ

ǾҪֱ뾭һĳС

ʱ򣬾ֳʵǮûǮˡ

Ǯʵ, ȻԳԸĻµļû涼ܴӣûлҪĽ˵˳һˮһƪĳ

ûǮʵңֻܾϸ㣬ֽ£ܿʼʽʵ顣

ʵ㲻ҲС

ʱʵļ㹦׾ͷãһȫǹڸִʽĲ㣬Ŵѡаյļֽʵ顣

Ҳžת

ԶȻһĳĬԣԸ΢һ㣬Ϳ֮໹ڿŬ׷ϡ

ֵæµУյScienceĻغĳɹͨͬ󣬼ſ

ScienceһܿӰӸߴ30+ֻҪְڳȥҲûʲô˻ںӰӾǶˡ

Ϊȫڿ֮һľȻѧоˮƽ

ǾҲû뵽ԼôյͨĻغ

ӢˮƽߣŸղžģʱһڴĿž

ţӭĿ⣬ЦЦͨˣ¸¾ܷ

ScienceܿٶڶڿҲǿġ

棬SciͰ͵˵

ϵЦݸˣǣҲ˳һҲˣŰ٣ϰʱٷ𡣡

һҲԼ٣ú÷һ¡

뿪Ժż÷

ͲԣôˣǷ

ScienceScience˵

ѧоôͻȻӢİԶһۣһͷˮ

ǵģScienceˣScienceڿȫǸ֪ԼֱڶϣҲ֪ǰļĸڿôû뵽һ죬Ǳ˵еڿȻҲܺԼϹϵ

ͺԶһ㶡

֮ǰ˵ʵּ򵥣ܴϵ˳ʹˣԶһõһ͹һЩֻһ

ڹѾɹһĵİͣԭġ

ȻǿScience

ʮһƪSCI㹻ΪҫʱScience˵ڶУĴѧְҲ㹻ˡ

ûŪɣ˵˹ڿհôͻȻͱScienceˣͷ˼ʣҪͷ£Ҳ˰ɣƾǼˣ

һʱ䶼Ĭˡ

Ҳһ±ţҪҪΣ˵н

ʱľѾŵصѧУ

·Уǳ̵֦Ҷֻ©˼˿ȴӲá

ǵЦʱûȫȥ۾÷⣬ͫҲһ̫

ȻԼı¼ȡѾ߰˳ɰգǣյȷͨĻظȻޱȡ

·һƳͿһϷ·Ź⻷ŮӯųǰǸöԺ

Ǹ뵽Ұഺ

Բãǰ·ޡ

صҵʱ򣬾һЦ

һ쳤ֵĿһۣôôͻˣ

ֿɫѺܿ϶˵˵ģ϶к£

ﻹ˷ܵǿ򶨣ôԣ

ЦȻоҪǱг򣬶޲ֱӷɵȥˣʲô°˵

Цƪͨˡ

ǸһƲ죬˻ȥⶼǵڼƪˣ綼ľˡ

һǴһ˻Ϊ˿Լ񷢳ʸ񣬶ѾֻSCIˢġ

Ѿȫһˡ

ϸ²ǸշһƪӰ14һŮҲ˵Ŷðǻ㶼ûôˣôεڿã

ǳǳһ

ˣŮпӰж٣

Ŵǫ˵ͦߵģӦ30˰ɡ

һĬ

ʵ˵һڿ˽ⶼ̫࣬ϾһǻԶúܡ

Ǿҿɲ̫һΪһѧڣһٶڿӰһǳ˽⣬ǳ˽⣬Ҳʶ30һôľս֡

⿿ƪľҵ˰ɣʡ

֮ǰƪ㹻ˣ˵14ӰӣҪǸʦĳɹֱӾתء

ƪ񵱽ˣһŮ۾¶λõĹâ

һѧ˵ЩءЦ

ܣҪͣҪȥѧУõСʳãҶ֪ȱǮʱͿʼֺ

Це˵á

һʳߵʱϵҲӵڹѴϲѶ

֮ǰƪ˫ƵǵǮѾˣϵθտʼûзӦֺֻǺǵǫ飺ѧԼɫҲûϵôNatureϷˡ

Էһ㶣NatureScienceɣ

ǺǺǶ࣬ϵλûӣر˵Ц

ҲǿѧУǰصĿһֱûȡýչĿ鶼Ѿȡˣû뵽ȴͻȻôһϢҶһԽ绰ͷ˵ĵ

Ҳտʼ˵ǵĿһѰ˼类о͸ˣʲô½չأ뵽

Ȼ䣬߶һᡣ

ȵȣ˵ʲôأϵδʡ

ǱҲһӺɣʲôǣ

ƫƫɣʱǱߵͨѶȻˣ绰ֻʣ»ԱĵǸǸ·ͻȻֹϣԵһӡ

ϵθӴ

ֹ˰Сʱߵĵ绰òײϡ

Ǹô£ϵʡ

ȸ˵˵ǡǱҲ˵

һᣬ˫ɿĽһԼ֪ϢȻŷ֣һƪ¡

һƪNatureһƪScienceһ㶼ƫġ

ǣһһֵһСĿ飬СʮľѣʵֶǮʩģôֺǮôģ

Ǹʵңϵαѹûһ£пɲѪżʮܳȥ飬û˶ӵԼʵ¾жʱ򣬾֪ѳȥҪ˸һԼʵңǼֱѪҲˡ

ϵţѧУԴĻ࣬ҲãʧˣҲǸ顣

뵽߻ϳɳţǱȴѾһǳȥˣ

ϵΰ˼⣬Ǯر崺硣

ʵζĽǮĹʺˣ˭뵽˸һѧʵҽĺͳɹ͸ɽ緢һˣȫصʵҵĿʮþȲ˵кüҼĿлҲֿɵá

ǿĹʵңӼֱҪɨһƬʵˡ

ǮڲŲԼǹʺˣʶ֮Ƕͷ˵˵˽ȥⲻһʲôˣ

NatureǮúСǹʵҷNatureǼģͻϹʡ

ҶڿϵҲģ붼Ծٹ֮˵ĴĿĿԱɰǧֿ֣ȼĿԱĳɹڳ˻û

˵ʵҸס˰ɣжڽǵˣֻʡ

ǮһӰֱûأŴһʲô

NatureϷµĴһǼʵһҪˡ

˵һȥõһľѣҪǸϣԸܾ

ǿ϶ܹģȻ磬û˵

һʱ䣬˶ҡͷ̾

˵ʲôйأǮڿɲͷٺãĿҲ̤̤ʵʵڹģ˵һ㣬Ҳܹȥ

ѲҪȥ㻹׼ţ֪ǮڵƢЦʡ

ǮڳĬһ󣺡Ҳܵ˼ҵǰ̰

һȥ˭֪᲻ӴһҲҡͷЦ

˳ӲˣԼҲǵôǿ׾

Щ츳ѧ̰Խ̫ƾɣ뷨һȶΪ˷糱

ǰһиڹѧ˵Ǳߵѧֻûµ˲Ը˵ǹʵأ˷ԼĿиϽ̾

ǵģһͷܣڲԽԽˣһǮͳȥɲΪ˱ģһ

˵Щʲôã㿴ЩҵԴͷܣס

һʱ䣬Сʱ߿ֳϽȫһӵĿˮҪ

ҲǶǮڻǺƢģҲкüѧǻعˣдʽĿģǹԺ϶ǻԽԽõģҲòô

þȥƻԭ

ǮЦҪȥҵȻȥԺ󲻻⣬ҪԸȻǾ˫޳ɡ




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һɫǮھʶ¡

ȸҳһˡϵΰǮڽ˳ȥȻ˵Լղڵ绰顣

տʼǮڻΪǲǾĳ, ϵεĻ, ԽԽȡ

Ƥһ, Ҳ˵Ǹø˻鸴ӡ

ողʵһ᲻ڽǵ, û뵽ԭͱһȥˡ

ǮСĴϵεɫǡ

ʲô, ϵοЦһǰֽǩЭ飬ʱҪǱֳǰװװôõ˼, ֻǸ£ϵľûһ㣬Ըȥ, оҼѵʱҲϵ, ȻҲУ쵼ͨģ, Ǳȥ̫Ͳˡ

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ϵδҴҶִҴ뿪, Ǯڻصҵʱ˺ĸ̽ǲǳʲôˡ

Ǯڹյ̾ʵǸ

ôĳˣʡ

ǮںЦĿһۣôܣǺϢ

˲ţôϵɫֵֹġ

ϺβǮڻǺǺǵЦ, ǹ˵طһ˫ڡ

ʲô˫ڣԷϽŵʡ

Ǯ˵˼˵ڳ˵˼, ǵĶֵصľѣ¹ʵռ˴ͷȥ

Ҳøϸ˵ֻЦ֮һĺ顣

˵ƪScienceͨѶַǹʵң룬һ˫оԱôһʵҵģô˸ˣ

ΨһǮڵĵҲֻһˣǾڹá

ʱոһʳû˶ܳҳһ㣬Ƭ˻ζҲͬóԣ˲ǱŶ߻ġ

ţ˼ЦҪǾܷľͺˣǾ춼пڸˡ

ҾȫɴˡҲЦ

һΡ

ϿεһϽڣѧʶ񣬿νҲȤ֮һλǳˮƽʦһÿһÿζϵϣҵǴû¹ġ

δЩ࣬Ͻڻܹĵ˼Σ֪æʵҵ飬ĵĸ˲ٽ飬Ҳǳ

ţϽڲСĶ˼ԼѵĺӹյǱȥֻϧÿζʧˡ

Ͽεʱ򿴼Ͻͦ˵ģһСģ͵ش˺ü⡣

̨µʱȻԱߵ˵ʦԾ϶ˣҪҲǽ

山ĸ߲ǣҲñʦһ£οֲŴһͽЩĵġ

ѧУֻ̫࣬еţʸӱ

ֻϧٶԼʶԾ֪ҲЩƬ档

Ǹ˵ǴϽ˷ܵ٩٩̸пЩߣôٶѡ

ٻ˵Իʲô˵ϽڻΪθͷ˵᲻֮ġ

˵ҪмŹβǲˣЦ

ǰģ˵һ׵ӦþǾˣüƪģѧУʱ쵱ӲͨҪȫѧҲס

ЩＵʵþ͸һ

ζȥסС󷿣ţ̣˳Ȣš

ֻϧȻѤʣʵȴЩɰͰ͵ģҲ˵椾ûô򵥡

ûǮɼҲһ㣬ӢﻹıҵڹڶУҲһ뵽ѧУ

ԶԾ˼ּޣֻſù;øˡ

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ڿϺϽд𣬻ãǵϽڹЦ¿Ժ󶼻ջ˵ʵңʵҲǺܲģһ̨ܵӼǮʵҶûеİɣɺˣӭʱǵľҲ㣬ǮǸſɸԣˡ

ʱſںȻϽڱǽŵΪȴһСĵ汻ײ˸š

Ǯںվſڣ˵ɲصˣ˵ˣǵϢѧתȥ˷ʱ

ͷе飬ٺһЦҲǿͬѧѧϰǿѧҲ죬ҪȤҲԸһ

ϢϵҲˣҲ̲סѰһڿǹؼʱͱˡ

ϵλص칫ԺȥǾòģпΣɴǮһˡ

·ϣϵһ߻һҾҲûбʾǿɱϾScienceҪʲô˵ԵСˣ

Ǯ̲סЦӦòЩġ

鲻⣬ǵ̬Ҫġ

Ȼ󣬾ͷϵͷӣȻǵǽǣ

ɲˣ

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ǿScience

ϽԼûڿϷء

һ뵽ôѧȻѧϢģϽڵ۾Ҫˡ

ѧϵεĻҲ̲סȻ

Ҳ˶ѧڿֶ̫УǴѧڿķӦСѧ˵山Ҳࡣ

Ȼûܾ˵徿жⲻ˵ǵ

ȻһͬĴһѾʼڿϷˣ

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ղϵ˵ģƾƪƺȥȥҲ˼



ڶһ磬ȥһУҲûȡǮֱӰۣÿͷһǧǮ

ٵʵҵʱѾˣȥЩŲһȾƪľǷ

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һ򿪴ۣͷľ޶𣬸ʮûһ⣡




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˫ƵǵԭͻҲһֱڵԹ, ԴϵֲһǮ, ǮõĲ, һθ», ˸õĹ˽ڵľƬ⾵, ɱȻֱӦģһεõߡ

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ʦֺͷ骿ȥЩʧ䣬ϾһʵҵѾ˳֮ͨ, ԵǵǱ˲Ƶġ

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ôŵæµܣŰҪС޵д, һμ˳ȥ

ҪٴеΣˡϻûʧ˵˳ֻһԼͷ

϶ûģο, εݷǳƯͨġ

ٴμĳȥãDAWNǱߵԱҲڽˡ

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оʱǿˣ˵ʱǰ˺ö౶оʮˣֲӵҲǱȱȽǡ

ԶЦֺʣʵҲżˣӻô࣬ǲ׼Ǯһף

ԶҡҡͷӦòʵ׼ˣҪŵء

ȷʵ׼һʵҵˡ

PͲӣ뾭ʵ飬ĵΪ˸ʱ䣬ʵҲ6-10ˡ

ʵҲ棬ҲһԾͰԱʱ̫෴׳鷳ͷһˣ׼

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ܣǡScienceɡ

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ڿɲһˣ֮ǰµͬҡͷû˵Զһ

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һӦһᣬź֪ʣǹǸѧScienceܰɣŴְȥã˵ʵҲǸѧ

ͬʼ磺ҾͲ֪ˣǡѧеģһܳǱȥԶ־͹ڶϡ

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ͷǰǰڵλͦչҵģס·ӣҲġ

ǣһҲͷҸǰͬѧĽ飬ҲǺܲһġ

һᣬߣһͷ

һ߽ⴱ˵е¥˶̲ס۾һ

һȥͷֵ˷ҲһҵСӣȻҲеĳǸһȣֱϵµĲࡣ

͸Ȳˣûн飬ڻסһĵ

ǵλֵľȻôõķӰ̾һ䡣

һû˵ֻͷߡ

ټһ¥ڲס˼ңʵЩͷԶѡӵʱѡһѡ¥ôţһѡ˶¥Կȥá

ͺһһ̧ۣþͿԶ¥ߡ

ƺûʲô˶ۼԼ¥£ԶЩȣҲûʣֻǵͷ˴һк

ϾЦ磬˵¼ңžĥŹأû뵽Ҳˡ

һҲЦǰҲصƿڷֵˡ

ԶǸôϲ˵ģԱ˵ĹάҲǵģֻЦһЦллҰڼңȥʵһе£Ҫϵüġ

˹Ϊ˴ʵҵ飬ʱһæʵôæǸʵԶԶ˵һƪģǲǽĿ

ԶһۣǵˣҲ˵ЦһЦǸʵбЩҶ˵ġ

һЩнѾֱ׺ȥǾ˵˵˵£ʵôأκò˵

ԶǸʵģһһشܺãҲЩƸʱ˵ģȻᣬǺ黹ǻᷢ𣬲²ˣҾûͦá

ƺʲôʵģǿ˺һһְۣѻ˻ȥ

ôһûһ˼ӣʵҵĴűϣԶǸĶЦһ£תͽȥˡ

һԶȥıӰģǷԺͲϾˣҿҲָһˣ˶㻹ء

ЦһۣʲôѽҾǹضѡ

һЦĿһۣˣʹˡ

ɫеףȻǿĺһŤͷˡ

һһʵҵĴ¥Щ΢ЩĽߣźԶͬѧݣǼһᡣ

·ӿǴ󰡣Ҳ˵ǻһС̨Ҳһ䷿һһ䣬ԶĸҲ˹˵»üЦģֻ˵ˣŮˡ

ҪҲֵôһ׷ӣܰѼĵҲӳˡһ̲ס롣

ֹ˼죬Զؼҵʱ˵ǰǸоСҲžһˣһСʱ

С￴Źֿģ˵ڵλ۸ˣ۾ˡ˵

ԶΪҡҡͷǲ֪ڵλϲзǲݵģеö˼Ҳȫ޹

ƯԸã쵼ߵúܽһȥǰųͶ˼̸

֮ǰʱ޵ѹΣȻûаĻϡ

Զȴвͬ뷨Сһֺ쵼ģԭǸˣһ˻ФС˵˵Ը⣬вǲģ

Զ̾Ҳ֪ǰǸͲʲôö

治Ǹһڣ˼ҲԸ⻹ӲģҿǹǿҪܰæͰһ¡

ʵҿɲ岻죬ԶԼλã˵ر˶࣬εҪ϶Ҳˣɹϡ

Ϳ˵˵£ҲǸŮģ˵Ըһѣ˵ˣǸб£˵нȥæ˵;һءԶӼȰ

ԶͷУлҾһ죬ʮа˾ûʲôá

һһˣҲԶŵģԶģֻòѶԷ˳ȥֻ˵Լʵڰﲻæ

Զ̲סЦڿˣȥ꣬һû㿴ء

ԶԸʵҲɵ

Цһ£Ҫá

ʵϣͺʱҲƣҶͬͬѧĽǵͬʱҲԴͷꡣ



ʵҵæµûΪĵķл⣬ʵϣ˵񷴶ˡ

ԶʵҵҪǰžµPͲӵı֣͵ĹǶԸʵи죬˳С

ʵ϶Ҳó֮ǰյļѡȨϢ

żʵҼԭλ˱Ҳ˳һڵλԵΣ֮ġ

죬ļ˳Զһ䡣

Զ룺ͦһģʵҲ̫档

ۿžְļ˹ȥûסһ죺óʣԵܺá

ЦʵɲҪʣԸӦû

Զſԣֲ֪ô˵

һۣôˣ

ԶſԿİ˵˳

Ҳ̲ס

ƬϵС￴ƯƯģô쵼

¸СԸʲôϵƯСռˣԸòã϶ڹˣŮӱϵҲ

룺ʺϽʵңѵķز˾ҲˣûбƣǴûȤ

ȻͬŮӣҲڲԭ򣬸οԶ˵ˣ;Ӧͦʺϸ۵ġ

Զͷлˣȥ




95  95    

95
Զպ˵һ, СЩԥ

ϰÿ춼ĵģҪ򵥵ͷбƵĹ᲻á

Լ, ԶҲöȰ, ֻ˵һǾ۹ͦõ, ְȷʵҲһ, ¾

ͬ˵һлл

˶ֳ, ҪôУȮ죬ȰϿӦƨġ

һ־Ǿ粻, ƥǣǻá

û뵽󷴶ǵʵ۸ԶԸְ

⼸, һֱǵͷ, ·ٴЩεɫҲǰЦӭ, , 칫ҵϴ軹˵Ƶģ欹꣬ŻЩ¡

ĻױƷЩΪֺ쵼˵, ȫ״

ίҲ˵ʲô

˻ݵʱֱӱµ¥ݼ䣬ֻͺͷ, ´һͨЦ˾ջȻһͦϲǰĴ磬Ҳžĸҡ

һЦ¶͸һɰ븯ĳ

ֱˣǿЦ氮ЦͻСأҲ̸

Ц˵ɵˣҽ˻飬ҲʵӰˣֱӰǱȥɶˡ

ĺһʵҾʵҲͦõġ

֮ǰʵ̫ۣ˼ļ붥Ƕͼ̾һǮɴûǻĴ㡣

ȻǸ·żеģüú룬ǽ˻飬ĸŶС

ص칫ҵʱֿˡ

ԱߵĴ㻹䳰ȷӴڿɲڣ˭İǲ֪ߣ

һְһۣʾãͲҪװģšˣҪˣûĺùӳԡ

ǰǸ죬Ϊһʺĵطȥ˵֧Ԯֵܵλ裬ˣһ궼ѵûһˣϴо˶һˡһҲ˵

̲סһſڴԶĵַ¶˾ġ



һоȫһĻҽܵԡ

ԹŮԣһƽͣһһ㣬ŶС

˾ʵ˵Ů˾ð˲١

ߵĴҲһٿÿ£Ҫǣ˵ӻɣȹʶˡ

ΨһõһûбƣһоűưתģνıϣҲûʲô̫˼

ǴͳľŮӣеС٣ӣҲҪͨϵø

ͬʱһҲ󵨣ҰƵԵʱҲȷʵһѡ

бֲǱߺܸ˵ĺȷ˳¼ȡ

ʵϣԺŰʣҸղűֵôһ쵼飬³ࡣ

Ц쵼ģأ˵ģǹ˾Ҫ쵼£أ

һԹӣϹƶɣ

᰿Ц

ԴԱὨɣͰ᰾žʮ𣬿ʼʽزҵ

õƤùϵʩס̶ӣƷнԺۣ涼Ǵ㿪ʼһ룬Ů;ѹɽ

ƫƫȫֻ֣Ҫ̤̤ʵʵȥˣҲ¡

ʮ𰡣ŶҪˣ˶𡣡

ᰵ̬öˣ֮ǰʵ¥ʱ㲻ǹܹ⻹Ǯ

ôһоںͷеףﰲˡҡͷ

Ȼô˵ͰﶼλᣬζҪúðա

ۿԽԽˣҪԼηηβԺ治ˡ

ôŬŮ˴˹ľ͵



ͬʱĴְţһ壬˻ȥʹʲôСӣ

һЦûУͷҵ˸õķչᣬϣ׼ҵ롣

һЦ̯С˵ʲôԻʹְ֪֪

Ұ趼֪ˣҵľʵϣ˵åٶֲ嵽϶һ١

赹еԥ᲻бƵĹ˵һ۵ŮܱĮȥҲæͬˡ

ɫѿˣ´һְʲôС̯紵ɹĺαأúõ̫̫öࡣ

˵Żվ׼Ѱ칫Źϣúøⲻ̫µС˵˵

վűϣֱӰŸסʲôûʲô˽˵

ƤЦⲻЦ֮ǰǲǻ̸ôͲˡ

վűϣں޹˼ɵĴ˭̸ǸҪåҪΪԸ㣿Ǵ·ϸ˵仰ѣȻ⣬Ҳ䣡

ɫ˲ˣоôվſôһ¥¥¶ˣϹ˵ʲôأÿ촩û֦չģЦңһῴô

ޣˣЦǹ㣬˵仰̸˵Ǹɫ޳ܶΪ⳯Цо˭ﲻݺһ٣޳ܣ̰ǮۿǸҪ⣡

ڷŭô˵أҿ㣡

ҿɰͲˣڰĻЦ

׻ͷͬĴְţΪСѾͷ̫˵ҪǸҲͬ⣬Լ͸µҲúÿĳ̬

ˣ˵ҪְˣԼҲòʲôѱֻ¡

ص칫嶫ʱΪղһͨʢţ߽ȥһܣ֮ǰЩ˵ģʱҲĿ⡣

֮ǰǸҲû˵ϵԽУ˲䰫硣

뿪·ʤ󽫾һְµλʱȴ˲ήˡ

ʲôڻ̸ƤҪʲôʱܿʼӣΪԼӵģĦȭ׼һ׬û뵽ͦ׵ĵλȻǵƤûõֵĲ̨ӣ

ǸЦˣһĿģҲнģһż

õҷѵҲû˻˵ֻܳ̾

ôأܲʱת˰ɣǮõˣҲֻ¿˵



ʵµʽʼ

һصıˮƽϴθ˲٣м֪ԺУоԱҲԵʱܿ췢Щʵ;һ£ԸѧȶԽģǲࡣ

ǼСʱԹȥҲȫûջ

ķһˮƽ൱ȷӦƸߡ

һѧĽʦϾȻ˼ٹμԣǿһʵҵ豸Ժ󣬲·߲ˡ

Ҫ󣬲ں

ûбƣû⡣

Ψһںĺֻʵ飬ʲôӽνһֱʾֻһ⣺ʵԺʲôʱܿʼʵ顣

˼ƪǰģҲĲ⻹Ǹ˲ţҪǣӢԼԼеӡҪ֪ϱֻһˣҪ˵ֵĳ̶ȣҵҲһţˡ

ܹƭڵĴţȻһǳгɾ͸е飬Ҳ׼ȫֿΪʵ̫˷˲ˡ

Ըʵң˵ʵҵճĿԼĿҲԱʵĻҿ԰һ־ѣʵҵҲʹá

ǩͬɣϿʼʵ顣Ӣԥ˵

ЦҪȰ¹ϵתС

û⣬Ӣ˵УϵͷˣͲ˲źá

һ㶣Լһͷʣ֪ǰ쵼͵ԭ𣿡

Ӣ󷽷ĵͷΪҾµУϵμҪѣѧУľʵ̫ˣÿͼǧǮϾˡ

һʱ䶼֪˵ʲôˡ

Ӣ˵ҹ˵߾㣬֪ǲģ

ĬĬһѺصҪ˵رҲڣÿ㼸黹û⡣

ֿѧǰҲҴտʼҪŵ˵

ǾˣӢĵͷߵĿҲ԰ɣֻҪÿʵ飬Ҿû⡣

Ҫǲߡ

ߵҲ㹻ˣ۾ַ˾⣬ѧУǼʮǰûôöɨǣ̨ҲҪɣ

ûô࣬һֵ̨һѡЦ

ҲܺˣǰʵңֵĶòأҰ¹ϵϾܿʼʵ飿ʡ

Ȼԡͷ

һӢһͬˮƽܲŮоԱĿѧ˲һʫɿ׶ˣˮƽҲӦƸĿؾǣ˵࣬Ҳá

ֻҪʵӢһʵʺܶ࣬ϸϸ˸ʵҵϸ淶˵Ҫȥһ¡

μ˲⣬ʵ㹻ˣҪǵʫ˵Էʱֲá

ǳϣʵǱߵ¹ϵû꣬ʫȹˡ

һ׼򵥵װеֻһС䣬˵¹ϵѾˣֻ߽վͿԣʾûеطסһ˯СӾ͹ˡ

Ȼԣʫɵͦ⣬ǲôͻȻ˾ôôģ

ǵʫǶʡһѧУоԱѧУҲС

ʫʼ磺飬˳Ͱ¹ϵһˡ

˵һظĸоģҺǰǺƽֵģҲûкӣ֮ǰǼ޸˰飬ŷ֣ҿܻǸϲʵҡ

Լãʫɿ侲ǣ²ҲǸпȷӡ

ҲǣҪûһҲûм˸Ҵ




96  96    ͻ

96
Ȼ֮ǰ˵û, ʵҵԥ˺ܾá

һδˣҲ˵̫Ժ򡪡Ϊʵ̫ˡ

濴, ʱ򵫷ͨ˶ڸܷ¸, оͻᷢ, һ临, ǣҲܴҵ

ΨһȷǣϹԺ϶Ƿгľ, پԶ뺣ϣҲֻͰɷˡ

϶ûʲôȤĹעص㣬Ƿʵҡ

֮¶Ͷҵ, һΪⷽĳҲΪ˱

ϾͼƤҲԺʵҹģ, һѲ, иܷı

ôô㡣

ʱҲŸոշſҵõص۵ᵽȼ, Ҳսսˮ

Ҫô, ĸߣ˶һĨڡ

ڲǾ³Ľ˾δķչҲ۹һʱ䡣

Ϊ¥Ľ裬浱ʱ͸ܵ˴ҶԸסĿȻ뽨ҵסլ

ǹô, ֻаٷ֮һļͥǵķӣҲһʴǮ

ȴ̫ͬ⣺ǵŵλַóôһǮӣ

ȷʵʮ, ȻѾܹоĳԼԼķ򣬾ҵλְͥʵҲòǮǸԸֱӣλ֣˷Ǯʲô

Щº̳ͷСˣȹעҲǸݳƷüǮӣٹѷһʱĴϣҲȷӸ

Ҳð˵еʲô뷨ʱ򣬰ȴһ̯Ҳ֪

ʱԱߵȻ죺쵼˵б꣬뽨һ̳ǡûʵ

Ͱᰶһۣ뷨񡭡治

̳˭ϲ˵ܶС̯СɰˣҲⶥðѩͷС̯̳һмֵķ

ȥ˾Ҳ򲻴Ȼʱ֮ҵزۿžƣⲻмʮķҲһҵܳվڷ˼ϵġ

ͷͬ˵ѡ񣬺ԥֻ˼ʮȥ

ǷΪ̽ҲܺҿŸͷӬһʲôⶼûҵֻǸ̨ӣʲô֪ı¡

˭뵽һ仰ϰȥˣȥͶĲţе㡭Ҳ֪ô˵

һ쾭ȥҵʱ̲סһ䣺ܣǡǮ𣿡

Ҳ˵Լڵʲôܹ飬ǵڰġ

ģҩġرĵ˵

һ

оϰͦģ뵽һʦͼֽǿֽϵЧҲãرƯ

ϰҲŵҪе꣬ͽһ׷ӡҲʦƵģȥһأ͸ӰĲࡪԣӰĻҪá

ΪŵҲƴˣ

Ǳˣ߹հҲʶЩˣܿͰѾֵĵ׶ˣõϵһ̣ľЩ

ǹдҵʱСèֻ¹˾ƴù˼ң

ȥ쵼㱨û뵽쵼һ㶼𣺡û⣬ҪһԵģʧˣ»ǡ

ܿδƵ˲٣ǾֵطԻ˲֪

ȻǵĵһξʧˣյʤǸдλƴ֣ḻ

ڶأֿһأֻϧûǮʡ

Щˣ˾Աǲ࣬Ҳôһֱɽհ

Ҫʾ˵

ҡͷܲ¶ɣ˵ʵĹôţҲýġ

ô죿ʡ

룺ȴӶ߳𲽣

ᰣǾ֮ǰ˵ϹҪĵطȥأΪʲôطʼ

Ϲ㶼ǺõطҲѾҲǣȻ׷ƣ˸࣬һʱҲ򲻹˵߳оͲһˣʣ𣬸ҵƴöࡣ

ǡͲ֮ǰ˵ˣ

Ȼǣ濴ǰĵͼ۾ҰĲĹ⣺ȵˣǮҲˣɱǣ

˵ģȫ¶ڴ㽨裬ﶼǻᣬ΢꣬Ҳü

˵߳зչҲԣеľʵЩϸڣҲûж˼ȥܡ

ΨһضֻһǧҪȥϣһеķǺĭ

󣬺ȷʵһܲĶȼʤأΪˣдȼٵıˣ˱ϷΪСǾԾʮĺϵزĭ£һǷǣһ棬ȴǸѸʾԺıزк

֪ĭкüʱ䣬Ҳ׬ݿǮΨһģҲֻжͰᰣǸȫزڵĵطԶһ㡣

뿪ʱ򣬰᰻ĸۣΪʲôҪǲҪȥϣ˵ǱǸͦõء

Ҳ֪ҡͷܹû

㾮ľͷԣ˶ԾһֹΣ񲻹ܷʲô£ܲ

Ͱ᰻ѧҵҲûѡ뾩̫ԶĵطЩµӰ쵽˵ĳɼˣһѧԥһ£ҧȥ

˵ʵԼҲ벻ݺݱһ£ǾȻܹԶԶԼҲҺûʡ˲¡

ȻУǵľһӾȥˡ

Ȼȷʵһ¹˾ûûϵûУǮʱȱ㡣

˽Ǯ·һжܿ档

Լõ·һװɫĵȷСװվбĴſڡ

һԼһͣȻŬóõľ˽ȥ

ʶǵĴ棬ߺҲûô˽ˣҪǣȻ⼸Ů˷·ȺİһռĽҵ㣬˶Ҳ㹻򣬽Щƻļһǿüš

ڣͶ˳õҪĽ

վȺ̹ȻЩðףء

һǰͷ˻ֻǵµС۶ÿһء

¶ֵ΢Цһˮһˬͨ͸

ֳɾ͸бһ׷ӵĽҲȻǸʵң͸ǿöࡣ

һ뵽ԼϾסǰ붼ĴҲ뽨ӻֺĸ¥вһɽΡ



ڽҵڿʼչȭţʵңҲȡͻԽչ

ڻ˴ʧܾԺȷķ򣬶˵ļ룬ɸѡٶȸ죬ʵĽҲһӳ

ʼõܵþļ⣬ǳɱ̫ߣҲÿƣֻΪѡ֮һΪPͲӵһ

û뵽ʱ򣬴ʱĬԵԶͻȻ˴󹦡

ʧܵɸѡԶҪҪԿ˻ķ

ĵʱ򿴵ģо΢һ£˵Ҳڼþʵһԡ

˿ʵ鷽ͷͬˡ

һΣʧˡ

ڶʵ֮ǰʫǱҲһʧܵĳԣԶķе˼N2г˻

N2ǵһɫζºʷӦ壬Ϊʹá

Զ룬Ͽ顣

صʵ飬Щһۡ

һƬʯĵڷŽӦҵʱȻ˿ѣһʼʧˡ

ڶΣΪһʵֵĲʧ󣬾ܲɹһʧܡ

ΣþԪصĵؾN2У750˻

ƺ״̬

ʵǷɹ޷жϣֻڸЭ£жǲһγɹʵ顪ֻһƽʧܡ

ܿ죬ݾͳˡ

ʺϸ񣬲þŨȺϸ񣬿ѨŨȺϸ񣬿ѨǨʺϸ

Զݣһ

ôֵ󲻴󣿡ʫԼֱߵʵ飬˳Զһ䣬Ҿʵе˼ֵĻԵֵһ顣

ԶĬķ

ʫɿһۣ²ݱȽףκһоо˵ʧֻճѡ

ʼ磬æԼȥˡ

ʱԶȻ˵ˡ

ֻϧ̫Сʫȫû

ԶŻŵ̧ͷ˿ʵңڸڣæվʫ˵ߺɹˣȥ˵һ

Ȼͼææȥˡ

ʫϵĶһͣղšǲʲôˣ

ʱ򣬾ڸӢŶԷӦĵ

Ҿ϶ܳɹӢǸʵˣɫ԰ף۾񣬡ɢ뵽һµĽʽ

ͷʾ˵

һµķӦıʣѰקôµķӦҽ˫ͨıķ÷ӦĵױýӴֱĤ

Ŀʵ鷽ȷʵһԣõĵҲǽʵ顭

ʱԶƮ˽ﻹŸղŵʵ¼

ߵǰһκԥ˱˵ĶԻΣʵɹˡ

һ㶣PͲӣ

Զͷ




97  97    ɹ

97
һظ, õĽȻʮ

PͲӵ⣬һPNᣬʱ, ɫ, Ҳֻʣһ֮ңѡ

Ҳû뵽, չô˳

, ĳɹ˰ɣԶЩ

ʫҲվһԣעεĽ

Զ˵ɶȳϵĸ, һηǳ׿Խʵơ

ԶЦһַоԱṩ˼·

ͷ˵ƪ˾ͺдɣдٰ޸ģǲеһ, ֻҪͨѶߡ

ԺУԵһ߱ȽϿأҲְƵҪݣʵһ߸Ǿʵߺִ, ڹʹ, ͨѶ߲֪ʶȨӵߣҪѡ, ǰ䷢ideaԴߺĿҪ, ʱҲͨѶߡ

Զһ㶣ҡ

ʫɵǴ󷽷ĵͷллΡ

Զôû뵽DAWNʵңҲлܵһߡ

Ҫ˵ʱ, Ҳйεġĸоûл춯صĳɹֻϧʱţȫһĥƽԶҲܿʶ, ԼŲ츳оߡ

һˣǿнļһʵ̫ˣãԶԸ̣ԼԺҲܺܺõİԼڸߵλϡ

ǰоʱԺҲ

ͰͻΪʵƯڵ˶ЩǣԶԣȴʵʵԼ͹ˡ

ϻţһԸЩٻ̤̤ʵʵ

ԣԼȻõһһĻᣬԶֻв

Ӣˮƽһ㣬ʵ⣬Ҳȫǳھʵ滮ѹͲãԼʸһ

ģǰһƪSCI׫дЩĵãʫ˵һ쵼ǵĸûȻᣬҰĿɲСֻһScienceһͲں

ԶãȻգգ۾õļڿˡ

ʫɣĥţ׼ģǼأ磬ŵ

Զ˻һЦˣǡҲ̫Զ˰ɡ

Զ˵ѧȻһҹеǣɼЩңԶĴ󽱣ڲȺ֮ĪĺڶͰʣҲ֪ƶƲš

ʫЦ̵ָܵķŵȻܺͷǾ̬뵼ҲһΣĿǰΪϣýĳɹǼɵ·پܻмܣãҪǰɫܵһµĹԴûʸҲ뾺

ԶĬȻ

Թ¹Դ׷ʹûֹͣ

յĿ丸˹ʱ֬͵صʯȼĻ⣬ʱĻȻǰ׳ƣӫƣǿȷŵƣҹùâɣ·硣

һȫµĹԴȻ˼䡪һ룬;ĳȡ

ϻţһԶҲ̲סͺȻʸ񣡡

ʫЦһǾͺúдģʵ飡ܵô죬Ҳˡ

ԶʫɺܿͰдˣ뾮ָ㡣

ڽP͸ĲͼʽݣһҲҳ롣

ʫдĵˮƽʵʽ߼ܣֻǼ򵥵޸˼С⣬͵ͷͨˡ

ûмŰķȥϾھϸɫֻһ֮ңûҪðűؼɹķգŷġ

Զʫ⾮Ŀûκ顣

ҲǣȻѹûǽѾ׼ˣÿһԪĽԼÿ5רȨֺ졪Ų࣬ʵϸ֪ǻһʷǳ˵Ĵ֡

֮ǰʵҵʱ򣬾Ѿ˵ؼԳɹؽڣҲǶ˳ŵѡ



ԶؼҵʱһСӣʵҷĽĥĥôá

Ӵ򿪰ȵĿһȯôôǮ

˵ʵҵĽԶѵͷҺ˺һƪģηĽ

ǮҲ̫ˣһȯȻزڿϷˣ

ǰɷоʱҲΪõ𣬵ͰʮǮһҪͷһ룬ֵǮٵÿ

ⱲӶûһԼôǮ

ɲֹԶ̲ס˵һ䣬ҡͷڻҪܲ˵ʱ֪ˡ

ôصġϻ̲סЦѾʼôǮǲҪȥ̵һ̨ʵˡ

СҲյĸϣԶŮ˵ҪһϺеޣŰְֵ·ϸϸ˵ҪһС

ԶһѱӣŮͷ򣬶򣡡

ЦͻϹ˷Ǯ

ʵҲ̵ģ˿ûзԵ˼

Һڣ¥ϵʫɼңֻһյСơ

սʵҵʱͺԥǩ˹Э飬Ȼ󱻷ֵ׷ӡ

ʫѡߵ¥¥Ȼһ㣬վ̨ϣ̧۾ܹԶĵطÿϢʱϲǲǶһ򻨲裬Զ

ãصط˳͵Ѿƣ˰ҵƿܷڰľ˿ˡ

խƿɢ̫ϲľƾζǳһڣ΢ĿڸУҲûôʡ

ԼȨŽϦٱףҲϲҼʱ뿪ǶĻǸˡ

ܶʫɲԸϸ˵ʵѡ鲢뿪ڣֻΪԼʺϻ뻻һô򵥡

ʵϣʫ֮ǰдıҪöֻ࣬øɷ

տʼһƪܲģǸĺԺҪӣҲѻøңͷΪǵСŬԺԲṼ㣡

һжжȵʫɷӦʱѾ׳ɷĸƷһĨп޵Ӱӡ

ɹģͨʵҹдĵҲھϣɷȴԵȻ޳ܵ˵ŮڼӾ͹ˣʵҵѹ̫󣬲ʺǡ

ҲһʫɺȻӻ˹

һӣɹ˱ͻŮˣƾʲô

ƾ޳Ƕģǿӣ߸΢ɿص

ʫɺˣǶ֮ǰǸѡ񣬻Ƕλ

ʱȴгЦϾҪˣֹؼʱͲҪˡ

ֻһһ֪ԱⲦŪ֪Сһ

ҪǾ۾Ϣ죬Ǹ˵ˣͲ˵ɵˡ

ȻʫɾͿDAWNʵ˵Ϣ

Ժ̬ȸӼ

ҾԲͬģʱ飬Ӱ첻áģȻֻǿŴʫѪҵ

Ҫô飬ҪôҰǵȫͱȥ˵ְˣԺѧҪ׳ˡʫɺԥв

ȻųϾЭˣͬ飬ĴְҲܿõͨ

ʫɺȷ뿪Ǹҵʱһ

ȻҲһ

ʫٴξƱϦԼһ

ҵ飬ǼʱѹǶλҽ˾ʵҡ

ϲʵ飬ϲģǲҪٵԼĳɹɱ˵

һٺûе飡

ͬʱ쵪PNĿҲе÷ǳ˳Ժɫܣʵһγɹ

ҪɹӦģһϵҪĵ

ڵؾͨ˫ĽķӦõõĵĤ

PͲ⣺һַǵܵþļ⣬ڶַN2еĿ˻

PNģԼһƪڰ׹LED칤ա

ʵϣһƪĵѶͣȴҪһΪƪĵʵģסɫܵרȨ

ŽʮƪһԵķȥڴӽڵĸǿȹлһ

ڣĶѾˣΨһҪģֻʣµȴ




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AWGʦ˲ԶĴ, һǸͷҪȫıӹǸص͵Ļ

DAWNⶼǽڼרˣʦʵϰһ, , Ҽǵ֮ǰǸרȨ˾ûɡ

ؿɲһ, ʵϰϻҡͷ, ؿĴ⣬Դӡ

ʵϰӦһ, ȵAWGĴʼˣǸ˾Ĵʦ

ֵͷһۺר飺Щ˸˺ܶǮ

֮ǰ࣬˲ٷáϻ˵

ǾרǳҪ

ࡣ

жҪʵϰʡ

ϻ˼һ᣺šڰ˰׳ưɡ

ʵϰ̲סصĳһ

ȷʵ׮⣬Ҳѹ˵ˡ

ԴLED, вڴŰ׹LED ַȵͣȸ, ҪǺֻӫ20%͹Դ, ûг֣ѾܶΪ¸͵ʽ

ʮʱ, ɫͻɫܾѾ, ֻϧɫܵƱʮ꣬ܶʵɴ˶Ĺء

˭Ҳû뵽ңԶ, һʵȴȹּһҳ˾ƪģ׵춨LEDԴߵλ

Ϊһֺпܱȫ緶Χ㷺ʹõ͹ԴAWGʦ˼ʮλǿ, ΪרһϵеĻǺӣӵƱɫܵ׹LEDרȫҲɳ֮

ֻ˵ֻҪǮܵõ΢ķ

ͬʱƪؼģ絪PͲӣPNƱԼ׹LEDķĸScienceƪΪ䣬Լ˳ˮģĸ˵רҵڿIEEE

һƪģڴʵҲ

ӵͶŵʱScienceı༭ɡ

ûǴĻ֮ǰ˹һƪģҲǹڵؾƱģҲʵҡ

ѵǵصƱʲô½չٶҲ̫˰ɡţмڴĲż

ϣŷﲢֻһƪģ˵ƪģÿһƪ㹻Ϊڵذ

༭Ѹ꼸ƪģƪĵǳ׹ɫܵ⣬˳˳Ʒ׹LED

Ҳסˣֱȥܱҡ

ʮԺֱܱӴ˼绰ȥȻ󽻴༭ٶȰѸĸƼļλˡ

༭һܱƼȫҵţʵңҲǶĴڡ

⼸ƪӦֵܾùעˣܱҡҡͷֿĵͨѶDAWNʵңһʵңJingxiִŻᱻۺܳһʱˡ

ĸһĹȥʵҾͿʼ飬ȻЩʵڴɫܵĳɹҲ˰ţ⼸ƪԶʵ߱ظԡ

ϧϣĴྶͥ˿ѧʮ⣬ıĶˣ׹ˡ

ʵϣֻҪƪ߼ܵģ˶ܹóӿ͹۵Ľۡ

ѧ𶯻ޣȻ󲨵ģʵǲҵ硣

DAWNǴðĹ˾Jingxi˭Ҫǣۿɼϵг˲ҵжٻھ

רظµĵ죬еصĿҵ˱ǸصĶңһҪרȨ

ڷɻϣһӹʦܲͬ飺ܹ˾С˾רֻԸһǮЩԶĵĹңǱոĶôأͻȻڳôϿҵ̬ˣ

ҪǣܲεרȨͬʮִ󷽣ˮƽ㲻и߲ɲҲ̲סߡ

ͬǹ˾ɲˣЦΪ˾ûпǹֻϧ˿ǮҪǣǸողӮһרȨ˾ǻԻ͵Ĵʤ

̬ŵİүиǴû٣һվһδ󺺣ҲԥڳĳϿ̬

ǵĴͳǿʿԺ޷ת

һѴ򽻵Ķ֡ӹʦʼ硣

飬Ѿ;ŮʿˣȻзȨ

ԭֻ̫һˣΪ֪ܲ;ɹ̸һרȨףصذ˹

˵ͬܲһλǳĹ̼˲ţմ׹ɹ

Ǹʲôˣͬ⣬ʮ룺һλǳĶ

˵ͬ飺

Ъ٣HPĸ߼ʦרңԭڴ˿֪ģλͻȻðJingxiϲã㣬԰˾ŪרȨĶ

ǡûʲôͷԵ

ҲԼ̫̫֪ͬһ£JingxiһλŮʿһλŮʿ

ʹŶǰôΪʲôͻȻһʵңҲģ֣ƺŽȦȻЩˡ

ʵֻǿþ˾ܸģµ̫࣬ǰڵļƪҲЩ⣬ȻɽͷĿн磬Ʋʲôˮ

Ǵӽ꿪ʼȴƵķָģ˵ǣȻͬʱ൱֮ǰ˫ƵЪҲעʱ;öڲһʮ˲Ĺס

ôҲû뵽ڲʱڣȻͬʱɫ⡣

ˣע⵽ͨѶλЪϲʣһ山ѧʵңһDAWNʵң߼ʲôϵ山ĽڣDAWNʲôĺϵûϣڵǵʵǰ׹ĳ֪ѧýְĻû㹻

ͬϲǹУѰһССĿ϶æ˵ǣһһѧ

Ъᵽְֻò˼顣

ǰṩĻֻǹ֪ѧѧᣬᵽѵʱ򣬻֮顣

ʱ˵ȻҪһԼʵңôģĻһ£ʱ뷨žǣžǶһԵϷѣ͸ǮǮͧ˽˳Ǳࡣ

ӻ޶ִںر棬ʵҴҲǲ³漸ΣȻͳ׳Ϊһ׮ݵ¡

ڣλ±ʱѾʶӣһ׵׵ʧ

˻ڸ̾Լ۹ľԣЪȴѾˡ

˵ʲôѸղŵĻ˵һ飿

ʵʵģֻһһѧ

ʿһ꼶𣿡

Ǳ

Ȼ󣬾һεĳĬЪƺʱʧ֢˵ɫרȨӵ߾Ȼһ£ĳʵ̫ˡ

˶ͻĳĬЩŵĴ˴֣˵⣬DAWNʵҾģǸʵҲ豸ǹ˾ڶгɹġ

ʱոˡ

Ϊʲôʱֱ빫˾ʵңЪߵ˵Ҳ֪˾ÿͶʵҵľѳʮڣóһǧԪǾջһĿѧң

һľĿĪͬ£ʱֻһһıȻҲǡ

Ъײ˵ˡ

ֹ˺ܾãνɫ̫ܲ˽ˣ̲סܲļרңרƾʲô˾ôߵӡ

ЪĿһ̫ͬ飺һȫµĹԴϣﵽڼĹгķϣõĳһŵãһ˾ӣ

˼һ£ǣ˵ĳɱܸߡ

ЪЦһƸշʱҲͬһݳƷ

ԣһܹݵķŪˡ

Ъεʼ硣

ǡ˼һһҲܹõŵ

˵δЪһۣLEDܹ֤ǴڴĵĴԴЩͷ̫̫ǣҲĿǸӦе




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Ϊ۵һ, ʱ򣬶һ顣

Ҳǡ

ɫܺͰ׹LED˺ܶҵӡ˵ʵԼͶз׼, Ͼ׹LEDĽڶ໹ʵҽ׶, һκͨͨİ׹LEDƹ, ɱߴＸʮԪ, һʮңԶľ룬͸ģͨ˵ˡ

ʵ֤, һ漰Ǯϴ˲١

һҵģǼ³ѷȺʿƵļһ, ǶԾĳɹάһͨȻֺԥĿʼҵֵ

ȷʵһΰķ죬һſѧ, һӵëпŵĻֱ, ϲôʱ򣬾ͽһѵ⣡

仰Щ΢Щ, ΢룺ԼÿһȡͻԽչʱ, ƵĻ

˺Ƕɹҵֵıˡ

ʲôɱߣδǰɣֻǹ˾ƹּ֮, ʱҵ죬

ǵıݡ

ȵʮӺ˵Էȴ־һԲ

Ǹëпһ, ǸǮǳ󷽣ǧԪϼ۸Ҳû˾Ǹ¿ˡ

򵥵˼һ£費ҪΪòڳʮȻ̬ܵѡֱӵľܾʽǸǵҲ̫⡣

ëһ㶣ͼ¿ͲʶҲС

ֻϧʵûʲôԺ󣬾ʱҲøġ

һǸʵһкܶ๤Ҫ

Ȼͺԥ뿪ˡ

ֆûʲôļһ򽻵ʵ̫˷ʱˡ

˵ˣעʺ⡣

ԸʵʮĸСʱҲͷ̸ʮӵ⡪˵ֱ͸ˡ

Ǯԣоĵģԥ֮ǰǸһ̸ͬСʦֱ˹

Դϻ׬һǮԺСʦԾ˺ܾã˵룬ȻǺԥ͸ˡ

СʦĦȭ׼һʴҵȴҪˡ

˵ɵʣ㲻׼ֱӰרȨȥ׼ѡ

ͷ˼

Ҫ߱ڹڣ

û

ǡСʦʵڸԼ鷳ԹĿǰ߱LEDָ߿ƼƷɣ

ʮĻûгΪ繤ħ;һ־ͰѰƷ۸ѹ͵ĴħǻкԶľ룬ٵطͨһƽĻˡ

ǣǹؾʲô£

ںʼ磺ЩҵҪǵ飬˵ܻӭͶ̣ʲôǿԼȥ̸ţضǺܺýġ

ѵļⶼѾˣLED·ߵδҲȷעҪڷɵĲҵȻɵľһרѣȻͷ湰ˡ

ùȥǰ̸أʡʡ£Ϊ˹ס

ǡСʦЩȷҪ̸꣬ѡǵô죿

һԹĳЩûʲôġ

ЦһģȨϣҪ˸ôԻڵġ

˷ѵֲʱ䡣



ԪԪæ飬ЭһĹҵڹڽһͶʹǧԪLEDƬ

LEDʵ̫˽⣬ԴԪͶʣ˭ںǾʲôأ

ҵƴ֣һ̧־Ȧ˳ǽһƬأ׼չһӪĵӳ޺չӳͶʶ͹ǧԪټϺĽãµͶǳײóˣ˵ܵõһѺݺݵıأ

רõģΪ϶Ը⹱׳ģ˵רֻһһѧԪ벻˵˶һϵĽˣٸٿĽ𣬿϶͸ַˡ

ԪЩɣǡϾ山ѧ

山ĽҲһԪһͦ۾һģǲΪ˹ٵʲôϵؼҪ

˵ˡ

Ǳ߿ҵ԰ļҲЩɣֱƹרû⣿Ҫһͬô죿

԰̫ڼǸͨг˵ģĹ黹˽⣬ѾˣֻҪܹ쵼ĹһѶӭж⡣

˾òô򵥣ϾǸר˿ڹóרȨǺӣܲԼĵͷɡ

ֻϧ̫˵̫㣬ѹûĽ顣

ίеСʦڸ԰ԪǱ߽ӴԺ󣬾ûôˡǾԼûʲôȨ˱

ԪĹ飬ʵҲνŬ

ûûҹĲףôŪLEDǸʲôڸ̸еʱҲǾ첱Ӵֻ֣Ϊ˶Ӽķݶٶͳ

ΪҲƴˡ

ԾǵҲȫ쵼صӳ̬ȣʵ棬ȫϸµһ飬Ծ۶ϻǶ¶ȱء

ȵͬǩãʵͶʵλӦҲһˡԪ̵롣

ΨһûпǵģֻǸר˶ѡ

֪ǸоľһͨͨĴһŮԺѹûаѶԷϾһѧѣһɹ׳쾭飬ѲҪǮǲǷ첻ɣ

ǸνDAWNԪûں

һûֵС˾ʣ԰ȻҲû˿Ŀɱԣ˵ˣ˼涼û¶˵Ҹ԰Ӳ

Ϊǵ߼µԪ֪ʵᰴΪķʽС

˰µŬͬҪʽǩ׶εʱԪȻ֣ȻҲˣ

ǸνӵIEEEĻ뺯ǰճˣԶ̵Ļش𣬡ʲôʱҿ˵׼˵׼ڹúһˣ˵һԺ󣿡

һԺǻƻ˶ˣ

ԪʶԣĶԶ˵ǾҪʵһ˵˻˹ǩͬǧǸ

ԶǸϻţģ̧۾Ԫһۣ˵ǺʽLEDƬ飿˼̸òˣҲûʲôϵ

˵ʲôԪȻŭ



ʱľתڵʿɣ

ߺϣǺܶ֯ܲڵأҲһIEEEȫľٰء

IEEEȫƵ͵ӹʦЭᣬķӪרҵѧᣬڵӡ̺ѧйصĿоƶ˺ܶҵ׼رϲ֯ʻ顣

һȫɣѧԺٿIEEEٰڶҲ൱бƸġ

ǵģԶʫ⣬ͬеĻйʵҵǮںѧ롣

οɸѧУˣǮЦǺǵ˵ҪĸسҲô

ҲѧУҳҲЦ

ǮںһЩ˾ǲ֪أеȨϾͳƮˣģѧУҲԿġ

ĺ󶼻û̸ףǸԪξŻ԰ˣ˵ѾöѡˣݾܾԹԵĿʼν̸С

ͻ԰˻λֺԪμ򵥽ӴԺ󣬾Ѹʶ˵ĲףȻǳɴѧУ

ǧͶȷʵһ˵ǣֲֻһҹ˾ܳôǮ

ҪǣڶͶʳȤҵλǸԪθߵģͬڡ

ҪںһСε飬ʶһͬҲںôʱ򣬾ѡǺԥ˦Ǽһ¯

ѧУĹϵܿҵ˸гĺ󣬶ԷԼλðڵ㹻ǸԪֻȨѹˡ

ȷDAWNԺ󣬶Էڻ԰רĹԪεʱҴҵѾĬĬı˺üּˡ

û˭ȥ֪ͨ԰ϾҶͲǿľֹԽԶԽá

ʤHPǧİͶʻ30%Ĺɷݣغһӳɣõ30%ĿعȨDAWNԼɣõ40%ĿعȨɹ˶ҾƬĿȨ

ʼûô˳HPҪߵĹȨһͼԪѹԹĿȨھһó¼ɹѹLEDĵƬɱԺԭ˲伣ֻٶȣɹκ

ͬǩϵʱ򣬾˵ԪǱ߻̸У͸û˿ϵˡ

Ϊףͬ˳ǩҲΪ˸ϵHPصذλдҲǲٴҵĳֶΣһʾԼʵһ滹ܴٽеĺ

û뵽Ÿ뺯Ҿʱ򣬾ȴֱһźַһţ᣿յǼҵ뺯Щˣ˻¡

һ㶣漴ϷӦԾ֮ǰǼƪذģܹյ뱾Ҳ

̬ȸڣ˵ǹ˾Ը⸺ͬȥɣȫãһеصĵؽӣԻȷ;졣

ĴӦ룬˳Ҳͬõ뺯Ǯڣ˾ıˣռײռ

ھԺλԪαףôϼݺһ٣Ӵ˳׾֮飬Ǿ仰ƨ¡




100  100    ó

100
ʱҲûԺô, Ʊɾͷɡ

Ҫȥ²űȻزμӻһӳ

˻, ˶׼εСѧһ, ŹƵ·, С, ȻҪһ²쵼ѵϷɻ

Ǳ²ŵͬ־ڿĸҳԺҪ֯涨ҪҶӵʱ, ǮڼѾʼ˷ܵĵշȯˡ

ʱһ۲۵쵽̶عʱܹ˰Ʒ

ûȥ, Ѿ˿ʼ㣬׼һͰԼͿеĵؼˡ

ǮڳĴ, ЩҲ, һ㶼ֺǺǸ˽ģظǮڻȯһ, Ϊﺢ׼, 򼸼ȥ

ԷǮ̶ö㶼תͷֿʼĴյѧģ濡Σô֮ǰû

Ǯڣǽսʵҵˡ

ʵҽˣ˺üƪ, ˵ҲǸˣǴڹģԷֺĸǮڴ̽

ǮڸúõҫһƺȺȻһɧּ˼˽

ǮһۣεĹϵҲ̫˵ɡ

νĹϵʵǱûгʸ, ǿŸֹϵˣЩѧУϽż˳ȥԸ˻Щ漰λЩǵݱӲġ

ͷֶеģǵˡ

ǳΣҸݾԶ͹Ҳͬ

ֵǮĵȻǸСû̫ܿģҲǴûȤȥ

ǿһǱӹǱȻҲٻǸң˲٣ȥҲЩ

õľȥŷˣƵķʱң˭ȥʶʶǱߵķ羰

õѡǱŷʿǱѸߣ羰ɫǴĹãȻˡ

Ҳˣԭֻʮ˵ĳ˲һ˺ЩҲ֪ʲôˡ

ǳȥֻİԼУǮڵøЩ˴򽻵

ͷʾԼס

ȻҲǸſһʵúг̶HPŵģ˾ƴ֣Զʫɺ밲ŵĶգھǮڣȻֱȥͷȲա

ѵŵһ룬һòĿս߹ȥVIP

˸׼뿪һȥɵ˴ʵӣ˵Ҫ֯ôˣ

ӿǮڼˣ֪رдģҪγȥռľѣҲһӶô

һߵǺǲһͨ

Ҹղս˵ǴȥVIPҶһģôͲȥˡҲеʶģ֪ղнVIPʸ

ӿͷһۣ⼸λҵյģҪҵҲһȥ

һ̬Щƽˡ

Ǽͷ̫ҲˣȥVIPĻи͸Ů۾תתԾ֣λûһҶⲹһʿô

Լܰ˦һͷ

û;ֱˣΨһ뷨ǣԲп治١

ǮڶСҲ⣺ĸ쵼ݣ˲£úһƽϡ

ǮڸĻͷȲգĴ٣ûִܹء

ʮɻĻˣԵ۷ʳʵҲ̫󣬵ؼǣͷȲյĲλֱӷƽģ˿ڴ˯һλϣʮСʱĿϣĿռܣֱʵķԾ

һ˯ѣǮھȣһ˳С

Ҳ˯һΣʱû׵ʱǮþ

Ϊǵɣûֱﺽ࣬ȷɵתĻӷɻ˶ͷ澫ήңֻǼȥպͷȲյ˿ⲻͬ

תҪСʱһ˵£ǿͬ÷Ŵڻ䣬ҪԲ˽顣

Ǯǰϸ첲ȵҲ̫䣬ɴںǴţãҲ뿴ʮĹʲôӣѡŶһȥ

֮ǰź;λǸС͸ھ󣬴ǶԾ֮ǰȻҾܾԼЩޣĿһƷĺһһûмʶӣֶʲôõģҸ㣬ҪƤǲӲ

϶Ҳ𣬡СӵĿ˾һۣ·ûУƤƤƤпˣҺüأ

ȷһе⡣

ƤڻһʱкƷƵĴʡ

ƤүӾʱн뾭ѵˣʱװƽ񻯣Ǵҵ֣˸߼ʱװ̻ᣬڻոոĸ￪ŵʱǵһгװƷƣڹھٰʱװ㣬ģضӣչгſŵķһռ˹ڷװг40%ķݶ

ȻΪ޽ƵȨͷðƤյ̳ȻܷԻʱнҪס

ǡƤȻ˹ƷǷġޱ˵

Сһ£ôǹ

ҲøƤүӵȽ˵Ҳޱתˡ

ƫƫСỹǲĵĸ󣺡ʱѾܹһˣعʱ͸һ£һûʶգٶǮ

òУĮ˵ͷȲգУҲȱǮ

СһоĻҶģ᲻ȱǮˣ˵ɣҪ٣СүҵĲȱǮ

ЦĿһۣУҲҪˣʮʿɰɣس̵ʱҾͰͷȲյλø㡣

Сһ㿪ʲôЦʮһԼ㣡

޵ĿëСһۣм˵ʲôģҶϡ

ʱԱߺȻһЦ

תͷһۣЦҲǸڷ۵ᣬӺܸߣͦ˧

ǸֻǾǵĶԻȤÿеرĺ˵

Ҳǻˣѵһ˵ģ˾ͦ档

ǻᣬ˽͵汲ʱѾˡ

㺺˵ûС

ҲǵһγˣǰͷҲᣬǶҲ˵һ䡰຿ѡ

ҺϲЦǺãҽ˾

ͨ˵Ҳȥɣģܸ˵ЦҲˣҵһĿĵء

СʣҲоģ

˾ҡͷǸˣȥǱΪ˲μһɱ

ɣŮǸʡ

˾ܾϲĵͷҲ֪ǵģϣ;лᾭŮı羰ǳ

˵⼸죬ȲʣڻԱ𣿡

æʱܲϰҲûжϹμӹһھǾеɱֻϧǳΪԭֹˣܵʱûգֻܺźĴˡ

ʱѾֹˣ˾˵ٵʱ򾭳ΪԭȨѡ֣˵ȥ

ٷֱʱ˾֣˵ڴ棬Ÿ뿪

ңɣ˶С᲻мһ˵˵˵ˣߵ۸ڱۣȥһˣַƲĽࡣ

СѾԹˣܵ˲СĽѵ

ػЦĿһۣ㲻˵ԼǮòҲ˼ڡ

СǸܲüģԲһʲôòҾòֵʿɶ˷ɻˣҲŲֿ⣡

СȻëţѵǸֱӣֵģȨǴʱˡ

벻Ҵ̫ԶΧתһȦ˼ѹ̵꣬ͼææСһ˻ȥֹһᣬǲڵȥĿĵصСɻ

һ·ɻµĵؽӻûHPڵصдԱֱӰɫBMW635CSi˽һ̾

ۼž˳СֲƽˣƾʲôǻкóͣǾֻͳǸϽҲͲˣһʮʮСƾʲôҲִ

֮ǰǸǮǮڴ˰ΣʱѾ֪ݣ̲ס˵ҪڡѧȻϷƪģǧרȥҲʸסǼƵꡣ

û˵ͷС᲻ͷ

Է˵Сأ˵ͷѧĸء

һʣŮǾû뵽ôᣬ

ǮǼ˴ˣĹҼʵ˰ɣ˵һƪNatureҲдģǲˡ

˵ѧʵһأҲ֪˶㣬òС

ɲǣдˣôҲͼôһذɡ

һȺŮ²İǸСᣬѾ˵ˡ

ôû뵽ǸȥֻеƯŮȻô

һ뵽ǰͷӶǧҪ£ҪϹǷǣҲ̲ס΢΢һ¡

֮ǰĥ뻻λ¡ӦòǷǰɣСµ롣



ֱõǼƵ꿪

Ǯڸ;ûڣԳЦⱲӶûôõĳû뵽Ǵı㳵

ûʲôرĵطϾֻǰʮϳٺݣʶҲȲϼʮ

ЦԺ϶õĳӡ

ǮڲŵҡͷǸǶԺˣֻϣܸϰɡ

Ǯڵ㲻̫󣬵ҲʮͷˣͷѾףҲʼԹԼûǰʹˡ

Ц϶ܸϵģʱһһͷһڼ￴

ЦʵͦģǶǮڹЦãҪһ죬Ҿģһ

ѧԭһ·ϰʱ̲סЦ

ǮڻһһŹ˰СʱŵƵꡣ

ҾƵ˵ѾмʷһӴٸҪһţ˶ܵƵ崺硣

ͯеİ֮ĵǼסŷ䣬䣬ÿһڶ֣ȷȷʵʵһҼ۸൱ľƵꡣ

ƵõķƼۣǮ̲סһ䣺Ҳ̫˰ɣһķѶһµʵˡ

ӴǵǸˣǮڵĸп̲סЦõģǹ˾;ƵǩЭۣûôġ

ֻʮ֮һҲˡǮڻҡͷ̾

Ȼô˵ȵʱ̲סСһıһ¡

ȴֻãһйʵ̫˲ˡ

࣬ѽţֲ֮£ȴȻֵܹһһ漣

֮£Լɾͣʵûʲô˵ġ




101  101    ѧ

101
ȫʱ, Ϊλ飬ɣѧԺóһ¥Ϊ᳡أһ¥һǧ˴, ¥ڶСҡ

һ, ͿŹλ, ڱϸ߷ַԼġ

Բ˵, ʻ鶼һչʾԼĳɹĺû, ȻʸıᣬЧ͸ˡ

Ļʽαǵһλ¸سɹ˶ϽڣķԲ, ֻ˵Щδչͽˣ򵥵ĿĻʽѧ߶õһдŻʱ䰲źĿ¼С, ϸгʱ, ĳȤѧԼʱ䡣

ỹͦ࣬ʮҲ඼һһ, ʱϻ, 鼸ʮС϶ܶȫҲֻܽԼȤ߻鱨˸ˡ

׹LEDǽһʮҪĳɹԾõ˵Ļ, ĳα˵磬ָʱСʱ׼һСʱı棬֮Сʱʱ䡣

˳㿴һĿ¼, ͬһʱбʮˣһŵһǹк⼤ı档

ȫڸ߼ѧ飬ĳϵԼĹ۵ͳɹͬʱڵڵʺɣԼѧӰ졪ȻҲв١

ǮڲμӹôιʻˣҲһص棬һô߼ģԶԾõλᣬȾɣֲʮֵġ

ݽ׼ûУһҪѿܱʵĵطǺãλרҶĵҪѧУϸˡҲˣ綼ûμӹһ뵽һŵ̾˿־Щãҿ˻Ŀ¼ͬʱ䷢кüڣҪ㱨˲Ҳ̫ʧ䣬𲽣ѾԶԶͬˡ

Ż췽ҲƵ뷨ԸĻҲ󣬴ʱϿҲǸλţĵġ

ûаЩϣҶ׼ˣһû˶Ҳġ

ǾͺǾͺáǮշһͷ󲻷ģҹﾮһӣְ˼Թĵ㣬־ȷʵӦԵŷ

ĵ죬ԶʫѾǰʼ֮ǰӡõĺϼ

ιڵصΪкüƪװǺһ󱾣ȥܻͦ˵ġ

ֹһᣬҲ˵ĹԶڲôˡ

ҾǽţԶǵһβμֹʻ飬Ӣһ㣬һƤǳǳͷɫ⣬Щ飺Ҳ֪ǵĻжҿкüҶڷġ

ʫɵӢԶ˲٣ոһ·ѧ߼򵥽˼䣬ȻļݸԷعͷ˵ʲôõĵģԺɾѧʽˣ˵ȥǱ£˵ˣ˶ԵضܸȤ˲̫ٵġ

ȻĿǰҵ²ϵ˷ܶԸߣǲɷϣ׹LEDȻǲ˻Ȥ

ĳЩͳѧ򣬹绹һźѧƣΪӦ÷Χ㣬Ѷ࣬ԺܿͳɳΪһԳѧƣҵҲܶࡣ

ŷޣߺüҶǴͳĹǿ˲ٸ߿ƼҵڹʵҲǳǿ

һ߸ӱŷ˽ӹʫɵݹļ٩Լһ䣺սʤʵҵЩ˰ɣ

ͬܲζĵһҲùϣһǲôô򵥾Ϳ˷ѡ

ʵҵظʧˣ߸һĵĻ

ͬ˲䲻˵ˣֻǸĿʼϡ

ĿòãʵϣĿĸ˾ΪJingxiһƪڵؾģž԰׹LEDľտʼҲ׳־ܹǰ;ĿкݺݳԵʵһ⡣

Ͼӵؾ嵽׹LEDм仹кüɽҪԽΪȫ򶥼ʵң۴Աû豸ϣҲгģԳɹȵһ߼ɽĶ塣

֪ȫвټҶʵҶεĽ𣬴ҶĦȭƣҪɫܷ١

֮£ǸؾĶʵңʵûжӡ

һ֮ǰûκγɹʵңû˵ֵĶоߣ˵ǿһЩ뷨ʱȡȣ˵øֱһ㣬á

ڿʱȷڹؼʱϴæǣͲǿԸƵĶ

Ǽ䶫ʵңɲʵ汸ĵط

ҶûDAWNһ£ֱͻȻһScienceˢġ

ƪģIEEEڿϵļƪϵһשͷֱӰ˶ˡ

DAWNύڹʱʵһڼѵĸPͲعƣٻҪϣȡýչ

ŷڻĿҶϵ绰ʱı飺ɣţȻĴܡ

ϴһȻͻȻվĿ鼴ɢϢ

һȻֻε̯֣˳ǵǰͷĿ飬ѾûдڵıҪˡ

ȻȻ뿪ʵҡ

˵ιJingxiר̸ϹۿǸ״ǵļһʲôһĵط

ŷ뷨ˣֳв١

뱨ῪʼһСʱʱĵķٶȺȻ˲٣˾ΧǸļͿ

ָĽ˵ص췽һ˺Ȼ̧ͷʡ

ǵģͷӢش𣬡ʵ˼ֳĵףͬʱҲ˵ĿǰЧ

ҵnͱŨȵķˣݱʵظݿ˲١ʣȻҲһֹʵͬС

ΪnͱҪNλйأNλSP̬nͱ絼ǳĽʵ˼·

ǵĽΧҲԽԽ࣬ȵʫֱʮݸӡʱ򣬺ܾȵķ֣Щڵ˲ֱˡ

ôһӶôˣʫֻԶվϣͼٸӡһĳ

Ҳ֪ԶɵɵҡͷӢʫɲԶˣʱҲֻŰ˻ߵһ¶ҺøղǮںѧҲæˣҪȻҶ֪ôˡ

Ͼҵڵĸ߼飬Ϊαᣬó˲¶ȻҲ˲˶ⳡȤʱ仹ûѾΧžȲ

Ҳܿ͸ܵԻĺô

ʹֵĲһѧĶԻ׼Уµ˼ά𻨡

οܹμˮƽԾıȤģҲҵڵٮٮߡ

ûʽأڸӦУƺ˲µС




102  102    

102
˼ڽѾʮ, ȻԾڿǰء

λ𾴵ϽΪڼ׿Խױ赱ŵѧĳ綥ѧڣһļʵҡ

;ֿн¾ͬ, λѾõһл췽˵ͬ

ıȻҲ߼ģһ¥Ĵ, λ־ԸߵЭ, Լ췽ĸ߶ӡ

ŲЩ, Ǿ񻹺ܲʱԼĻȥ, һΪ˵ĺһѧŶԼδչ

˵䣬˹ע⵽һ俴֣Ǻ߹ȥǿйʣͣЪĺĺ̽

һᣬʻ鸺ˣǰ׹LEDı᣿ʲôʱʼ

Ѹȷһʱ, شıͬһʱ䡣

˹ڶһ½չȤֻϧΪʱϵĳͻ, ֻźⳡˣҪһΪṩⳡ𣿡

˭֪˹ڵȻһ壺ôҵıⳡһˣ

¶޹ãȻı顣

˵, λĸ˱Ҳһλ׿һ˹ڵѧ, ʦѵ, Ȼ̫ףȻڵһʱͰڳ˹Թ̵ܽ飺뿪ʼһʱ䣬ҪȻȥһ£ǳʱӣ

˹εĿһѧ԰׹LEDδã

ѧŲһ촽ȻϵĵĴԴ, ĳɱʵ̫ˣұϾֻһ÷Χ޵ü

˹ҡҡͷ˵δоƬδĴԺ񾭣оƬҵϢϢصLED, ൱δοоƬĦɣLEDҲһġ

ѧԹԵͷʦ˼ǡ

ҽⳡȡɣ˵㿴ΧЩˣ¥ϵС㹻ŵô𣿡

ȷʵע⵽̯λǰ˸࣬ǾԼʦûҪôǫãڴˣֻࡣ

˹ڻҡҡͷαݵҪԱ׹LEDɲԶˣҪǣұõĲݶjingxiһƪذġҲƪˡ

˫Ƶ𣿡ѧѸٷӦƪ山ʵҵĳɹDAWNûʲôϵɡ

ֻ˵㿴ʵ̫ϸˣ˹źҡҡͷңJingxiо߾򵥣Ժᾭ֡

˹ǸϲЯ½ˣóҵСţ˵Ժʷϻܱ˼һʡⲻǿѧʷȤζڣ

Ҫǣ˹ʮֲⳡȤҪıᡪԹף֮ǰһѻǸŸӵΪҳɶѡ

ߵȻʦӸԣ̾˿ֿһΧǱߣԽԽȺðɣʦ˵һȷʵǽڣǼСҿ϶ɲôڡ

˵ǵıһ¥ЩԾļϾԭӦ˹ڡ

Ǳ߳ʲô״𣿡ʡ

Ȼǣҵܺã˹Ц߹ȥ;ֻ֣Ƿǳ׶Ȥ⣬ŮʿĿҪö࣬ΪǶ˶رᱣ

˵ֻһԵøˡ΢΢һû˵ʲô

鸺˸ʦǰŵλãһۿĻôĵطôˡ

Ϊ˹ڵͻ룬־Ըֻ²û᳡ͬʱ˹ڶԾۣҲ֮˳ȥ

ͶȤоߣһԭ˹ڵı浫Ǳ˸ӵģټѧǵĿڿഫһܼ֤ʷĻᣬҿɶ

ۿţ˾ԽԽˡ

鸺˲վԼʦ˵һ仰վߵűߡ

ôͻȻôˣһԱ

˹ڵĻ˴˳ȥ˵ܿþΪһŵԲصذѻóȥģԺܶ˶жԱε˵

һתأѾ˺üֱ֣ԱתģѾˡ

εĲ˲ʦҲһˣÿһΣȻܸµľϲ߾š

ϣ⺢ܳܳʦͻȻɡ̾˿˵

Ϊ㹻ߣ㹻Ժ˹ԽԽԣϲһЩϵ飬һҲǣһé®оߣȻͲòԳɰǧרҵʿĿʡĳЩ˵⵱ȻǻᣬǣͬҲһΣ

⿴һΧͷֲרжģҲ˵жٵ⣬Щ˵š

һԵʧ󡭡ҡҡͷֿһŹӣԸܳŵסɡ

һɴͲһ׵顣

˵Żʱвӿ˹һ־Ը߼ҴҵĸϹ˵ߵĶҵҲˣŶֵġ

ҡҡͷҲֻܰԼʦƨɣȷʵ̫ٿڣټһСӰ졣

⻰˵꣬ûã˾ͿüԼбĽҲˡֺʹڹȻıԡ

Ҳÿ˶˹ڵĺ÷ȣмѱڵ֮ԹҪΪ˼ʶһ£ǸʲôһȻԼòܷͷģȻЩ˵ԽԽãܺݺݵסˣǰѳӸһˡ

ǮϳɾһֳգҲ

һʮ˵Сͱᣬϰ˵ĴͱͲͬնڿسҪ󣬸ǳʼμߡ

췽ʲôţҲ˵Ӱ˾״ֻ̬͵͵Լѧ²ۣⲻϹ

ȴ̲סĽĿǰĽ̨ǴҪлһα棬ôֵˡ

Щǲ֪ߵغ񣬡ǮҡҡͷѧУοΣо飬Ҳ֪ǰûֳ棬ֻϣ׼㹻ְɡ

ʱԶѾˣһˣڷԣ̨ºѹѹһƬԴҾˣֻú˳ˣʫɣǰⳡû

˵ʲôʫ˵ÿѧУᣬ˱⻹࣬ؼǣЩרңҪǾŲס

˵Ż΢΢ü

ȴƽġ

ϱӺôҲһʦͷʲôҲû

зɿĹһģȻ̧ͷߵ̨ϡ

һλĶŲ̊ʼ棬˶ܾȡ

һǾòΪ͡

òĿѧʷȻ࣬ᣬһңԶĿѧңǷëˡ

Ǻܿ죬˵עӱ˵òתľʷϡ

Ӣһ΢΢ĿΪ쳣ΪɫлվҲлҵĹ٣Ҫıǹڰ׹LED




103  103    Բ

103
, ǶڿϷģƪȶн

ScienceҪ֣о, оͨѶԽϳѧ, ƪһҲ5-7ҳ, ܷŵͼκݶ, ̵ͨѶһҳ

Nature, ƪҪϸԲο׵ıעʮȷĹ涨

޵ҳһƪҪ㹻ྫȷһＸСʱıᣬûЩˡ

˵෴, ôԼĹøȤķʽ˵ĵط

Ȼõо߶붼ѧУǲζÿһо߶Ǻʦ

˵, о÷ˮ, ڿϿεʱѵþһ̨߻ĽڣĸѧУټ

Ȼûַա

ڳΪһоǰ, Ѿһλǳʦ, ǰĲЩʣĸҵڶľӢȻóץסڵע

ٲ죬Ѷѧξѧ, ³ɹڳĲ˵Ҳ̫ѺƵ֪ʶ

ݣͼиӵļ, ҪͨԵ΢Ѻһ㣬Ȼһ׵顣

Ŭű˸ѶϢͼҵֵñ©

ҲǱ콵εĿ֮һǸŷ˵ʵҲͬûмŽɢĿ飬෴ŬͼѰһᡣ

׹LEDķȨѾ˹ⲢζڼһԴսеõô

˹һɶ²ҲʮֿãŰ׹LEDսڼֹԴľȡʤˣѺҲȻζŸȷơ

ȻôģҲԾĳɹţ˵ܹҵᲵ̨Ͽ̸Ķˣ󻯡

Ŀ̨Ϸųݣзɿļ㣬ͼҵһʺϹ©

ֻϧһ

ڱзų˴ϣͼ꣬ݺ߷ǳֱ۵չ˼·÷·һ׽׼÷·һ̨߾ȵʱӡ

̨ŹӣⳡˮƽЩѾõĿѧޡüиɻ

һȻҡҡͷһ˦ȥǳδĴѣҲͶһͻԼһСͷ­

϶϶лᡣűʣ롣

һСʱԺ󣬾ڽˣʱ䡣

һ˲䣬˫־ȲĿʼʡ

þļΪʲôҪǰԤ

ǵMg-Hĸӽṹ϶ʽMgMgiصĸڸH˻ȥʡ

ͨγpnᣬôǵأ

ûôǣһʮַΨһɹ·

ղ˵ʵѾҵ˰׹LEDĵͳɱʾϸʲôأ

ֻܹһֲıһݣϸΪҵͬԲһ͸¶

̨һʧ̾ϢȻǾȵĳ

ɵˣŰֽԼռµļ֣·ֽܿϿʻ

ݣֳɱѾʼģ׼

֪ʵĳɹͳƷ֮䣬ǵ

δɱЧƣͺԴ⡣

ʵҳɹĲҵ֮·һ

ǴӾǵݿƺܣǻ˲ٺöûй

ԣDAWNʵң˦˶Զȥ

ϸ롣

ʣѼûüʳڣѾԵúޱҪݺݵĻɴִֵīߣļҲ

Ȼ٣һһش𣬿࣬ĿЦʮֵⶼԲӯȻټ򵥵ı˳

֮ǰıͨ׼Σʴ𻷽ȴܰһ˵ȫ¶

ȻڣȻԵиɻ

˼ά߼ԼɹϤ̶ȼܱȵ϶Լָͷ˽⡣

ҪǣһһУչֳרҵԣжδľȷѿء

ƺLEDҵͼֽͻԺ

ǰԣǶרҵ

᳡вԭԾʮɵˣʱҲ۷ˮƽ֮¡

֮ǰŮԲôĻ鸺ˣʱ򶼿ʼʦʶˡ

΢΢תͷһ˹ڣȴʦʵ˵Ҫˣϣ󲻴󣿡

һ㶡

ڹҵ˹ھͷȲʵÿڵľѣˮһĶģ֣סҵˡ

֮£ǸðͷߣȻŻ磬ȱģؾʦ޵İġ

ͷȻ˵

˭֪˹ȴҡҡͷҲ˵⺢ӵˮƽ˵ѡһʵҡ

ѲѡǸĹң鸺¶һ㲻ԾĳҵʵҲһԻѧ˵ʵ豸ȱĳɼҲô޴ѡ񡣡

˭֪أ˹ʼ硣

αᾮջ񣬾ǵõ˲ҵרҵϵʽ

нһεĴÿһذרҶϵҪڵ㣬ʱĳЩҪ߲ôҪﱣϵҲõİҵ

˵ø㣬ԺʲôҸ֣̽̽ҲһЩ

ջһѵϵʽҲ΢ЦİԼϵʽ˳ȥջüͷĺԼϣܺͬĳĿ׬ѵĺ£Ȼܾʫϸ¼֮ٽһ̽֡

мϸԴˣԾɶϢԼֻϧƺȱȣѹûʶνм϶

Ծ˵оһ㹻飬ѹҪڼ϶ȥѰҺɶɺͶͰɵĴ̼

ĳ˽̽ⷢԼ˼䣬Ψһ뷨ǣ˵ˮƽ湻ģȫֵ˷Լʱ̽֡

Χˣʱ˹ڲ߹

ݽʵ̫ˣ󣬴Ȼ޷ı֣˹ںĵĴ佱ûȤҵʵңˮƽȫԷѧߵݹҲ԰һźĽְ

˹ڵĴѧȫƴѧŵǰʮѧУĽְκһ˵ջ

ǳϣ΢ԥһ£ȴǸ˹ڵĺ⡣

ȵ˹ź뿪ԺԱߵǮ̲סΪʲôҪܾôõĻ᣿˹ڵʵڹ綥ˡ

Ҿѧϰû˵һѧУ꣬ٿһ

Ǯ˵ſϧϵı飬ȴ뷨¶š

ô˵ôһѧȻԽԽá




104  104    ѩ

104
֮, ȥУ԰ʱ򣬶в;к˵صıֽУжı, Ǯڶ, ص˼صıֽ, ˵ǻعԺҪЩǰúҫҫ

˾ͺá

ǮǸĸھ飺ɱСЩ, ںӰ֤Ժ뾭ѾͿ, úܡ

òϣǮڹϳɾء

ڼ䣬˼ʵһҵ, ʾԼʱû

ʫɺʾѲҪõҵ֤ٳ

˵ʵڵľ, ҵ֤ƺҲûôҪ, ٲʵҸǷѧߵĴ

ѾԼʵ, ⼸ǳɹʱ, ʲôüģЦʵҵ豸һ㣬ܾ, ܱȥ˴򹤺á

ĻʫɺԶɾһ

ȻгɼDAWNɢҲõģǾʵ, ѳ㣬Ҫһǳͷˣ֮£˭Ըǰоȥء

Ǿʵ̫ˣ˽ﶼڲ¾ʲôʱԼǸܾ˵룬ĵ

仰ǲڳһŶ裬ʱõҵλˡ

ıĻʽȿĻʽҪʽһЩʱҲһ㡣

ݽһ׹֪ڣóɹ׳꣬׳־δչҲͬǳ󺣼ġ

NASAļλҪѧ֮һҪо̫мĴ⡣ǮڵԾ˵ðҲ֪ǹʲôʱܰҲ͵̫ȥ

ķӦȴͬĿһ̨ϵרңְοǮڣһʮʱ䣬ǿ϶ˣò˼꣬˵ܳ˼ˡ

ǮںЦ˵ôףЩϲдƻõģǹֹˡ

ֻ򴽣͵͵˵ǹҵķչɱֹ۵Ҫء

죬ͳĶڼѵѰȷĵ·˭뵽̶̼ʮʱ䣬һоȫһء

Ǹδڴ



ĵڶ죬HPؽӴİ£飬һϡ

һΪŮǵСΪλͼͲĺ֮䣬ֽк򣬷羰ͬʱҲʥء

ǻѩǾȴΪɱ

Ůÿٰһ죬·42µĴֱ볬1800ףһ൱ѵıΪŮ¾ķ羰ͬҲɰҪһԵ·ߡ

ⳡµĳϯܳǧÿͱˣǾҲΪ˲ԭʸģȥǱ߿ܼܲ©

ȻҪΪصؽӵĹ㹻ϸ£ſѯʣڶǱ߾һʸ

ǸͲ֤˿žϸ첲ϸȻЩģȷϾǰܹȫֲĵϸλòա

ϾӱϿݵŮ̫ó˶ˡûƯļƤҲ̫ˡ

ǻܲԺ󣬾ȴȫһò

ȴȻ׵ѩƤɫ˫޳ȻʮֽýƯϸļһ㱡ļ⣬ǳϲġ

ܶģּС¹һľ飬һԶС

յϲãкüԶʾȤвӢַֻ꣬ϧһֻбչһζݵϵȻȤȱȱ

·ϱҪװܲʼ㡣

42.195·̣ϳ;زС¸Сɳ¿˽Ա߾Eigerǽ¡

ʱ仹һ󣬾ҲɴԱһСȹݣȺһůů˵

ʱһЦź;кɣˣȻõ˲ʸ񡣡

ϻڻ˾

ʶѰæȻҲЦЦűɡ

˾Ҳһ׼ܲװϻ¹ڳӢȫһᣬҲ⣬ȴȻһĶŵķȡ

߹Ҫһ;һɣŨɿˣԱǷ续ĺɽʵĿ

˵ӡ󲻴ΪںĵطһӢĹˣǳٶ羮ҲЩ΢ðһԲ̫ĸ

˼˼䣬ȵʱˣһȥ

˾ӦǾμϻʶˣ˺кȻ̫ķԻ

ķܲߵ𣿡ʡ

ǵ¹˾˵һȻܶˣȴȻ϶Լǻˣȥ껹ع游ϼһˣǸĵط

ʣأߵѧ

ҡͷǣֻμһѧѡ

һҲһǳѧ˾ЦŹάȫĲοɲ͡

˼Ц

˶Լµҵû˵̫࣬ҪĵģⳡɣϵĺɽɫȻиĹż

˵мļڣ˾ëԼ˵⸽ϤȫԸΡ

Ļѩ겻ɫҲǳܲᾭһΣŮȻǲܴľ㣬ȫŷߵĻվվڻվϣܿѩǵȺ壬ѩҲȫ꿪ŵģ죬ҲڱѩлеȤ˾ͣʮֶˣȻߵĺҲйϵĽúֵȥһ

ҲĶʾۿڣҪĻǱ

˳ʱڵˣߵ߸һ壬Ȼ󲢼˳ȥ

ŮµĿһֱѩУһֻ͸顣

ɵ˾Ҳͬ졣

һЦҲ˵ֻǾıںɽ֮䡣

ʱŮһ࣬ѩķ嶥ֱӴ޵þˣɽ£ȴһƬĿ̣ɫһֱӵߵĽűߣԶмֻڳԲݵѩɵëѩɽĲмƮƶ䡣

һ·ϣŲԽ졣

йϢϷɽţʯϣԣżм·ƵĿߣ߹΢Ц

·ߵĲվŷƵʣ־ԸӦһصĴ裬ƺҲ˾ʶٷɿĺ˵˼仰ЦĿһӵ

̫óӦͻ飬ֻܺߵ΢ЦӢ˵һлл

繣ǰ·кܳڲ˰ƿˮһСɿֺ˾һ𣬼ǰ




105  105    Ů

105
, Ϊεĺ΢Щ١

תͷһ˾Է״̬ԱЩ, ־ڿ, ˾ĳЦЦ, ʵô𣿡

, ĺʤһӾˡ

ΪʱĹϵμӹ², ܲʤȻ̫ǿҪΪÿβμӶʤ

ǵܲȦйھĴԣ˵߶߶, ֺֻ֪֪һǳƯʵҲ쳣ǿŮ

⻹Ǿһ¶Ⱥܴɽ

ɽµĿ¶, ǽ, ź𽥼٣¶ȵĽ, ԲߵҪԽ

Ϊ߻ĲϤ, ˾£ϳ¡

Խ¶ԽͣעⱣֺ¶ȺҪ˾ѵ, Ȼһ·ϤҲġ

һ˵Żһ߻ļǰܡ

лͬʱ, ˼ֶԼİա

ڲǰڼ˳׼װǶ·ߵľεġ

û뵽һֻЩֲ

ʧµٶȱԤø죬ķҲûмʱ״̬

ͬʱǺ͵һݶӵĲҲ

һߵˣٶȡ

û뵽˾ٶҲһ֮ǰƺΪչŷ˽Ų

ԹھִûôǿңǣĲκ¶á

оܲҲǡ

ȣѾʶԼĴⳡЩӣûǰֵĿ̽أ׼Ҳ㣬ȻѾʶɽļѣǰڵܲûú룬ĵùˡ

ⳡɵȫͼһ飺ڴѾ֮һ·̣ûѵ¶ΣǸһݶӵĲѾ󵽰˰ҡһ̫׷ϵľ롣

ǣлᡣ

ɿ쿴һͬ飬Ȼһﾭḻö࣬Ҳá

Ʋʼٶȡ

Ϊ̻ûй룬ûһʹȫֻͼС͵һݶ֮Ĳࡣ

˾ٶҲˡ

Ȼһ֮ǰȷʵб

ţϵĽȴɵĵС

ʮ幫Ժٶ΢һءʱһݶѾܽˣƺת˲ܳԽ

оĲҲǳصģмԭβڵһݶӵѡʱҲʼ٣Ȼ󽥽Խǰ漸ԭһֱܵĲߡ

ʱѾ˿Сʱˣξ룬Ҳ·Ρ

ǰڳ̫Ĳ߾ƣߵ·ߣԭĵһݶҲһʵѡѾ͹Գʱ򣬾ͬڳɹ׺˵һݶӵβ͡

ɿĿ˾һۣԷĴָ

20-30׶Σ˽ӵԽԽ࣬һݶҲʼȨѡ֡

ĽŲȴԽԽӦĻȽ

30Ժ󣬾ٴ١

ѾһݶӵжΣǰŻʮˣһ߶Ǳܵн

ӱӹǧܵĺ޼ɵĳѡǴ

һС͵Ĳ㣬ṩɿػѡֵƣͺ䡣

һѡֶ˼ڣϢʵվˣջǾȨ

ҪϢһ𣿡˾ʡ

һãأ˵

Цʣ15ɡ

ֻڲ룬˳ռһŮɵɼϢȻǱҪģֻҪڹ涨ʱЧɼ

˾ҲˣŮֻǵΪɼġ

ϣôŮʿȻһλʵΪǿѡ֣ȻڸտʼʱΪϤЩӦʧ룬ܿ͵ԭ̬׼һλӹڹŮʿ˾࣬Ҳ

ֻʣʮҲѵһ·

͸֧ƣߣȫÿһؽںͼⶼо޴ѹƽʱıܷӦ

Ժ󣬾ͷԼܱһ΢һ㣬Ҳõޡ

ȻԼļޣҲоۡȻȾ˶Ӻ˲١

ϣƼˮ˾Ҳϵĺá

˼ͬʱʼ١

һ·µб£¶΢·Զ̿Ĳݵأݴ֪ܿСҰ

Ҳ·ߺθ߶ȵ½ߣ·϶ֻص˴졣

һЩһЩ·ŵ²ƣų

ڶȹѵ͸֧Ժ·´ÿһϸɳֻȻһµӯҲǾϲܲҪԭ

þȫʱ򣬷·ڷɡ

˾׷

ǰǸӰϸţȻӵô

˾ŮӡѾת˺üΡ

ʼڻʱ;ŮЩ֣·Ůһ꣬Щ΢ıŤС

ڶμʱŮȴһ˶װഺϢ¸·ԾĵһӡֻǸ

޷ϣŮЩԼ

Ȼ֪ǵΪԷѵ־ȤͶĳܰãֻߣΪңԶĶŮϴһصĸԡ

ô˾ãΪżȻˣʱһιھͷҲûʲôѾŮɱĹھԣżһκŮһصܲȤҲһѡ

Ǻܿ죬Ͳòˡ

һ൱ǿĶ֣Ըͣ棬ĲҲڼʱԺԵ൱

ѾܾûôǿĶˡ

ڱḷ́˾Ҳڿʼþȫ

٣ԽȺɽ䱼ۡ

˾ô˦һһֻ֣ʣ±˴ˡ

ҾӮˡ˼ͬʱ룬Ȼͬʱһ١

幫һ

ѩǰȥ֣ľɫþˣǶѾû͵飬ڣֻбܣܣȻ󳹵սʤߵĶ֡

ѪӶǵĴԣ죬ߣǿҲ׷ļޡ

ڿٺˣǰҲԽԽ࣬׷Ҹϵ˳·ľͷһ˲ĳɣȻ󱬷޴Ļ

˶Ǹ׵İ¹˹زİϾѾõüھˡ

һŮЩİҪǣƺҲһˡ

ǣλһĶŮȻԼѹϽھһͷ

˿ʼ¹˹ؼͣҲ˸֧ǸİŮ

ϾھŸпͷοһע˻ȵŮ

Ѿкų̈Ӱžʼž¹ͷݣýˣÿһ·ֱӵʱ־ķ档

ȻԱǸҲǲĻУ˭мǵزĿͶһƬʱ򣬵Ȼ˸

׳̡

ԼѾþȫ˫ȸٰڶֱҲӳĻȣˣȻû˦ǸԼͷļһ

ֻ˴Ű벽ľ룬һģһγɣͿתʤ

Լ˵

ԵļҲ͸ıֻۣܿյ㡣

˾Ҳࡣ

ԼҲû뵽ȻܰܳܵĸоһףȻѷʤ

֮ǰνãνŮͷʱͱھˡ

ʤʤףʵƣʤִţǿǹͷ

ʮףʮףʮףߣ

΢Ȱ벽Цյߡ

˾΢һ㣬βҲԼı

˵ʧ仹𾪣˾ǰͷǸŮıӰ˺һĴ

ƾŹǰͷֳһξ룬Žعͷ˾õ΢ЦǿҲ

˾һ

űѩϢھϣ˶ڷ⡣

ǵģ˵仰˾·𲻸ٶ࿴һۣǱƿ۾ϺȻһƬͨ죬Ҳ֪Ϊ̣Եʡ




106  106    ѩ

106
űѩϢС, õһɹھҲڹĵһھ

ڶ˾ڶݵʧԺ󣬺ָֻܿ˷ģ, 뾮ȥһ

ǸҲ̫ܺȾơ˶Է, ص˶ľƵϢ

򲢲, ĿҲⳡɱ, һĶףܶһӾϳ, ܸ˵ĺк

ҲֻÿĿİͰ͵ķʾл

ھƵ귿˯һľڶʱ˯쿴컨廹ЩӦ

תͷѩɽԼѾ, 컹һھ

һʣµļ͵ȼ٣⸽úù䡣

СȻС, ų, ˾

ɡ˾Ц벻ȥһ䡣

᲻̫鷳ˣȷ˵

Сϵ˵, ȻӢҲܹͨ, ǵûô˳ѵһ˵ˣͦеġ

ҪǣŸոձȹһ, ãӦòһһ

Ȼ鷳˾Ц߱ҲǶȼٵ, Ҳܷ㡣

һ˾ͿһСɽԽҰˣ̺ܸߣϻŲٶ

Ŀ˿ʣǻѩװ𣿡

ǵģ˾ͷ׼ȥѩȤ𣿡

ϧҲỬѩҲûװźҡͷ

ѧ϶ܼ򵥣Ůѩʱ䵫ǲһ£Щϧߵ޷ǳ㣬˾˵㲻Ļ

ⷽ浹ûི̫Ǻܸ˵ĵͷӦˡ

˾ųÿʱ򶼻߲μӱ˳Ϣ죬һ»ѩȤŮѩǳɫҲͬˡ

ڸʻϣҴûнӴѩ𣿡

˾Գѧ˵еżģ˶ӦúܿѧᣬϾǺġ

˼Ц˵⻰е̫ˡ

ҲǵʱѪͷº̲סֺ۵ء

˾ЦȻᣬϾ˵ȫû

ϵʱǸ־ĽģСΡ

ɲ֪һİתǧأֻǾã˾һܲð顣

һȥһ͵СãҲݵʱԽһ˶ûУǹʥ׵ʣо߶̲סס˺

˾طϤ͵ĹҲȤоýζ

ȥߵĿȹһᣬĺӳգⶥСӻƺߣһһͻ

ڶһ磬˾ͰԼʱھƵſڵˡ

ǸҳٵˡŰСܹȥ

ǣ絽ӡ˾Ц

ѩԺ󣬾ʶԼ˾鷳ˡ

ǰûӴѩ֪רҵѩѩʵֵúϸѧߵ̵¶ȽϻԽ¶ԽйƵĸϰѶȿ黬ѩߵļɡ

Ǹͣóװߵʱһ𷢱۴Žѩĸӭʮĺ˾к

ķ⼸ʱģȻȻ죬Ҳֻϡ³ˡ

ٷɿ˵һͨû뵽ȴ˾ҡͷܾˣһ۾˵˼仰ϧû

¶мתӢ˵¹˹˵첻ȥѩʷ壬ʵ̫ϧˡ

һ㶣ʲô˼

˾ѾüûǸˣĶԾ˵ֵߵķ羰ƯǱ߻һѩϲġ

ʣѩô಻һĵط𣿡

ȻֲֵŻȥĵطʵûʲô˼˵Ҳһȥѩʷɣ¹˹ͱϻе̬Ҽӡ

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˾ֻЦЦ첻̫㣬ǰܲҵûȫָ

ǰûֽ˱Թֿ·ס

ѾԼ³ѩѩӦǷֲͬģ˵ֳֵѩʷǴ񳡡

ȻȻ˵жЩĪҲЩ˾˵ûϵ˵нһǡ

˾üѹѩ˵ֻǲѣһѩҾøȤ

⻰Ӣ˵ģһڣǸ˵ɫۿɼѿ

˿湻Ѫġһ롣

תͷ뿪С˾ԵǰŮѣô˼Ҹǲǲ̫ã

˾ղźԼ˵黰ҪΪ˸Ǹˡ

˾һ㶣æ͵ҵǰŮѣֻ⼸ѩضѣǲ졣

Ųŵʼ磬ֻǺһˡ

Ȼ˾ĸеССķ飬ǲɷϣһһǳĽ

̬רҵġȻҪΪ治һѧ

Ҳܿʶȷʵ̫óԵĲ

ϻѩ壬ԼصĴѾҡҡڰڣһСľҪѩԡ

һγʧܣԴԽѩѵľ

һСӣѩ̣ôԶĵط۶

˾İºվȻһˤľ

Ҵѧˡй˵

еĴʱ̲࣬ϸ룬ڱֱϡ

ٿһ̲סЦ˾࣬ܲˬƲƲ죬һŰ֮ǰĳȫһˡ

˾ŬѹסЦοϾǰûнӴտʼ̫˳Ҳһ顣

ˣ˾ᶨİٴη

ѹģʵ£ھĶ˵СȶסǰѥͲơ

ֱͦžıѹĲҪֻҪСȱֺǰѥͲĽӴ㹻ˡ

˾·ĳֽŷƣġ

Ȼǵ̣ǰУƽ΢΢ебȵѩϣڳɹǰһξ롣

Ȼܿ죬ΪĲȣһˤȥ

Ҹղųɹˣĵĺû

˾ЦˣղŻúܰ

ϧûסһͷǿʤľ϶һҪ˵ĲԼվӵļ

ˤ˺üΣȷƣȻʽֱʼŲٿѩ塣

һأˤøˡ

˾æܹоô

ѩסѩЦĲãͦõģѩȻ˼

˾εЦϸвˡ

ŲںʱԼѾκڳɹվȣִŵӿʼֱ

һأٶһӿѩձߴô̹ǡ

ͼٶȼ

һӦҲ֣ŴϳȥȻһƨѩϣǰ˺þòͣ¡

ջעҧŬģԼȥ

ýѩУտʼǶЩ⣬΢һ£Ǻܿסˡ

ڶγԣѩɹδ򿪣ԭЩʧصٶȣڽ

һοԼͣѩϣĵתͷ˾ࡣ

ܰ˾Ц

⹷˿Ҳ湻˧ġ̲ס롣




107  107    ؼ

107
˧Ǳѩʱɱ־, ĿǰҲʲôչԺԼӾĳʱ, Ҳ˻عʱ

ڷɻϵʱ, ˾ϵʽЦЦ, ȻСƬ˱ʼǱļв

·߲, ȻתȻʽϻعĺࡣ

ʮСʱԺ, ̤ϤأϤӵȫ

ȻżĹȼҲǵ, ǻصġ

ȻѧУȻȥʵתתDAWNǱ߻ںͼɵĹ, оɱ͵ʽ, ʵԼĿչҲ˳һжվ֮ǰļƻ, ɵĽС

ȥʱصغʦ, ɣð뷨϶ԴͦȤģϸĥһ󣬻ǲ̫ȷ˵Ѷ̫, ĿľѡҲ̫Զ˰ɡ

ͷȥǮģ̽̽Ŀڷ硣

׼ߵʱϻᵽһʵ⣺ֱͲ̫ˣһĿ, ĿǲǿԼӼˣ

¶˵ΪʵЩΣΪûѧʸΪʵ̫ͣȻɹһһĳǹôãĿҲûл

£һҲҪǮڵͬ⡣

ǮڱȾ죬һüЦʣ˵μӱȥˣɼô

Ц˸ھ

ܺúܺãѧУˡǮЦ

ָԼ뷨ڼоȫϢ֮⣬ͬʱⲨεо

ⲨֽEUVΣΪڵǿãԶķо÷ǳѣֱ1972пѧͨĤṹϻ˽ϸߵķ䷴ʣŸоҵ˷

ˣΪĤṹڸӣɱҲߣĿǰоʵһࡣ

ôͻȻˣǮڲ̫⡣

Ⲩ̣ܶȸߣܹﵽǳߵľ̶ܳȺͷԣӦôпΪ

ҲżȻһʱ򣬲ôһ֮ǰԼӵĹؼԼ

˵EUV˻ЩİҪ˵̻ĵͶˡ

EVUȽƳ̵7nm/5nm̻زٵļ

ȻڵǮڲԤϵԺԹҷչҪ壬ֻǱʦĹĶ˾һ䣬оķΧǲҪäĿԼϵĿ˵

İɣ˵ʵһҪоǳ弤⣬оǼƻڵ飬ֻ΢һ㡣

弤˲̬ȫϢҪɲ֣ԱϿ뷨û̫ѡ

ŶѧΣǮڹϵĵ˵ͷǰļҲǻ£Ҷٶದʮľѡ

ˬĵͷӦˡ

ʮ򾭷ѣƱһ׼ĤǮ⻹ǿھһ˶ɹķϣǾҪģҪҲǮ̬ȡ

Ͼ˫Ƶǣ뾭ѱ֮ǰ׶ˣȻûеѲĳ̶ȣ΢óһоܳźܳһʱġ

ʱĤļо׶ΣҲûеʵӦõĳ̶ȣΪĿʽЩǮҲˡ

ֻҪʼĿɲĺɹ⡪Ͼδ൱õġ

ǮڵͷҲͬ˼˵£ٴλصʵңĿҪ鼮ףҪʦȸ̸̸ȷѡ

⼸׼ؼһˡ

֮ǰΪ˸ɫܵĽȣѾþûؼˣóĿ϶ȥ

绰ﾮ˵ְˣѾǳ۲Σֵ¹Ųˡ

ųɶǱҲһ˳ȫصĶԴԴ׬Ǯ׬÷ˮ˵һŮѣǵ绰ﺬģҲ˵

һ·Ͼӹ˴û뵽»𳵣˵ˡ

ˣųɶһ࣬æʧء

ôˣһû°ɣ

ֻмȻʱ˵ģ͵ҽԺȥˣųɶ˵ĵط⣬ﲻⶼջˣ˵ʧǧ򡣡

üųɶϻ˼ҡ

㻹ڳæţ˵̫󣬳һ涼ˣҲȳһЩֻǱ⣬㻹ץ

ʱ򣬾ڳܡ

ЩƷܵӰ죬Ҳˡ¼ᶨ˵

ǱѬһ⻹ǺúõֳԲˣʱһϣ˿Ҳ쳣һ˵

ǰҪһϣʧɾмǧˣǳĴûأʡһʡһ㣬һʹЩ˵˵˵ǲ

Ҧһ仰Ҳû˵

»ھ˵ҲˣҪȻƷƵӰ̫

ﳳҲûнȥֻվڴ￴

㴩һɫװװͷԺ󣬿ȥǰɶˣҺʹүֱӳ

׮£ǲ֪Ϊʲôһµģ;ã϶ܰ鴦á

˫ִ¡˵Ǿµ˳ҦĬλϣһԲ

һ;۲תͷҦ˵仰ܲһСѾͷɣ

Ҳתͷ˵ǿƷģҲ֪ȻܳԣζѾܵӰ죬Ҳȳԭˣҵǰ⴦

겻Ҧֲ˲٣ԭںڵͷѾûףҲЩЩࡣ

ͼ۰⴦Ҧȷʵ᲻ãԭϣҲѡʵڲȡ

ҦŶͷֻ¡¡죬ģǲȻȻԺƺʱѾʮƣˣʱ򼸺ǿžġ

һ׼˵Ȼǰһڣֱֱľ͵ȥ

˶һҲ˲ϿˣæȥȻ

žȻʱ򣬻־£ڱģⲻѳˡ

Ҳţֱҿǳȴһ㶼ϧ֪֪ÿڱȵ춼ѣҪٵڱȴֻҪһգ۵Ĺ򡣡

ʱҲˣǻǣҪټù⣬ǰǳƣ

ҲǶĴˣ˿һۣ˾˷ѣôˣʱڣǲҲΪʡǮ

ôʱ򶼲ʺϼˡ

ȻˣһҪ˸Ͽȥ֪ͨļˣһ߸˳

ֹСʱ²Żص˵İȥҽԺˡҪȻҽ˵۹ȵµĹôʱȻˣʱûѣҪסԺĻָ

µĸĸʱҲ˲ϸ˺þòСŮˣʾ£ﶼ˵ʧ̫ˣֻǷеĴǺѳŹȥǲģ

°ĸõģʧǲСǵѾȥˣ϶ܳŹȥġ

ǲ֪ʲôʱܳԺʱ͸Ļ̻ˡĸ̾

¾ҲֻŬοĸĸ

Ͻ˯һʱ򣬾²Ÿ˵϶һĶ֣۸״ԪһأǵҲܵ˺ܴӰ죬ҪƤ˵ĲƷţгȫóȥˡ

æ£ǷǼҳñˣҪΪۺǸߣԳţҪҪҲ⺬ȥأ̾Ҳ֪˵ʲôⱻ˴룬ټȱڣһг˵Ҫ˼ҳԵˡ

ͣһȻϱӿǳȳսọ̈̄㣬ǧϱ˵ĵҪŽˣǲǰгóȥˡ

ôºʡ

¾ͰϱЩɧһ򵥵ĺͽ㽲һ顣

֮ǾʮΪȳѾӽͣԼҴ󳧾Ϳʼ˼۸ս

ʼսһ˵ʳƷ˾Ž۲Ŵռгʵߵۺ࣬⺬ѹͳɱ

һһȳ˾гռֻθԷȴƣгĻȳ۸ôһ·»Ӹտʼһһ󽵵ֻǮһڻȳζ䵽ŵĳ̶ȡ

Ǽƹ˾ΪڵäĿţټϿڱһкǧܿͰ˳֣µʱ򣬴ҲŷǼ˹˾ʵһ·ǳĻȳ⺬ÿһΣֻȳһЩǰ⺬͵ʱʵѳԵĻȳ̫࣬иζһѡ񡣶ǼҰ˵ҵȴȫѳԵĻȳȻֱӱ̡

ȻҵʵҲû̵̫ôôһͨɧǱˣǻȳҲ׳ˣֳ˼ʳƷȫ¼켫һʱķʳƷڳȥ




108  108    

108
˵һ˵·, ҲЩţ˵ûģҪ˼ô㣬Ǹô죿

ֻϧ, Ҫ», ĿҲС˼, Ҫ˵ս, Ψһģָ㽲˼Լǰҵǡ

תĹﻹûʲô뷨, ȴͷþУҶ˼ˡ



Լ֪Լʲô˼

Ҳ̾, Ҳ֪ûУǳԺ󾿾ôչҪ

ڶ쾮ͽһȥҽԺ, ڲﻹҦ

ҦűǰЩ, Ϊ׵üۺֻ;һк, ˵ȥ, ҪһܻزȻž˽˵һỰ

һᾮ»صߵʱãȻҦ˵ֵܲסǿȵĹؾҪˡ

ǳ׼˭İࣿʡ

µɫãȻ, һãȻҦûֱ˵šҪҶȥ



Ҫ˵ȻԼĽ㹻ʸ񣬿ҵĻǰű, ᣬǳΣλҲֲ

㳧˵ãǾ㶥ȥˣҲһɡǵ˵

ɲ̾˵Ҫǵ³Ҹô˵

㣬ʲôҶ֧㡣

ֵһ󣬳ļ꣬ϱ˻

̶ֻһҹʱ䣬Ҧһʮ겻ֹԭЩݵճΣɿݵƬȥɫдŻң˵Ҳġ

ã˵̲סˣҦο˴ҽ˵಻̫ãԺԺҲٳܸ߸ɵĹˡ

ǱҦѾ½йȥ˵Ҫ䡣

ڲһߣҦİ˻ҦֲĹעŽǱߵĶֻϧ˵̫СҲʲô

ҦĬĬĸ׵ֽٹҲܱҵˣʱֱӻسҲչǡ

ҦİỹֹסȴֵĿŮһۣò׿ȥˣʲôͰʡǣõλҸöҲͷˡ

Ҧ̲ס˾һֿۣ£½ûҶҲúõģԺҲôܸɡ

Ҧİһ㶣˵Ů˼Ҳʲôӡ

תԺҲھǰɣǱߵãõҲࡣ

ԱĬĬԹϵľЦҲýͦ鷳ģ̸̸ͦá

Ҧİ޶ˣĿŮУ̸飬ˣåЩӶôģһĶ

˵˵ţ̾ŷСδȥˣɷǱߵĵǽǣǼ˲١

Ҧһۣ͵͵Цһ¡

ҽ˲̫ۣ̽ʱޣºͳû˵õĻ뿪ˣǰֻҪúϢõ̫ࡣ

ȵ뿪Ժ󣬾ղ˵ʲô

µɫã˼ǰͷ꣬ŲסƽʱС¹ƶҪˣԼҲҪҪȻȵĳˣҲǲܱ֤һȥ

⻰Ҳһ

ǽӰ򣬽ѹҲͻȻһӱ

Цôܾλˣ

ɲô˵Ц˼ϲ£ҵʱܲȥҪ˶ٳɼ

صĴΣǳ³ĵһſ

ҦⲢû˵ԼܿҪˣֻ˵ҪҽԺƺȽ

Ժǧͷֳܶ࣬Ǿ£ҵԴָؽ⣬Ǽ⡣

֮д

ԭĽûлϻ֣ٽһʿӳǾµһҪ顣

ǳ֮ǰвеͷҪǰӦòѡ˵

һߣ񲿲͵һ͵͵յһ

˵ʲô˼浥ֻΪͬǸСѾͷѣһǸصصʮˣһ·ӳ乤λãڸһҲ뷨ĥţûô򵥰ɡ

ҲǸ֣ͷһڣҸҽԺҽˣûôָôģⶼǵĻᡣ

񲿳ǳˣǽŰ油ϵͳߵһ飬Ҳ֪ҪǾСѾͷȥûʲôô

˵齻СѾͷˣǻʲôᣡһη˵

ЦǾͽɲˡ

ȻϸԼ˵˳

ֻϺ꣡һЦ

˹ģҺжĹϵһСѾͷǷַӵ顣

Թǽףѩ̿ѣ˴ʱٷŵԳȥ֤ûļиҷſ

ڰѾ¼ȥԺһô졪͵һζãЩûʲô⣬ôһʧС˲٣ҲûҪٷˡ

Ҿ˵ˣСѾͷҿԣαءЦ

ȻСϢųȥԺ󣬾½˺üαڡ

ǰЦӭгͻȻͶŲ֣մ˻һ

һ죬ؼԺ̲סƢҴˣ֪ʲô˷ųǳŲȥϢжҷſǡ

ô죿ҪתһǮ⼱顣

״ԪųɶǱߣķֺ춼٣Ҫ㣬Ҫʽ

ãնľܾõ飬Ҫ¶첻ãҲûˣҾȥҾͲˣټһеϵͳһ۹ĶûУ

ԼǳȥţҲֵǧģƷƲûܵӰ죬ֻΪӰҲһʾȼǮ

ųɶѽһ

ǿųһ·һҲĨһõĺͣöİҲü

ȵµȥеʱ򣬾˽ųɶǲǶʲôͼ

ôһˣĻȻŤŤĴֿʼЦҾرãô뷨

뷨ҽ֪

ųɶЦúܿףѾ˵ˣ㲻Ը⣬˵ҵû뿼Ǹ⡣

ǣֱۣ۴Լļһҽ࣬ɱǵС˼ȥ

ĲģųɶЦر𹷣ҾͰſȣҪҪ͹ˣҪǲҪңҪҹԶҾ͹Զ

ľͷֱܽ˵

˻һаɣֻҪ㣬Ҳùܡ

ҿ϶ܵȵʱ򣡡ųɶԼ϶гɹλһ졣

ʱ˻֪ȥд·ϣǰѡ

ʮа칫ңûԺֱ߸ϵʣѾԼƮɢŽǮصζ

Ļ鲼һŵС䣬űߵǸֶһ˵ЩİֿڵƣУһֽԹĿֻŸС

ãȻʱ߹һת䣬Ȼ˴װģģǰѣ

Լĵλ£ĵһӦ̲ס¶Ц

ִٵĺ;´һкֵǲҪʲô顣

ҲЩ޴룬ͷţҹʴ¡

ϾͷӦΪǳְɣ

ҲģǱߵ

µͷ֪֪Ҫôߡ

˭֪ȴ˵ԼǴΣҪذ칫ңҪԼһ

¶̲ס̾¶ײÿ湻ɵġ

һǰһ󣬳ĬĿ첽ǰߣһ칫ſڣȻЦ㻹ǵǵһμҲ칫ҡ

¿ûʲôɵ˼ֻǵһ

һɫЦЦƿţȽҸ򵥽һĴߡ

ĵųţо°ġ

Ÿ˽ȥ

Ȳ軹ǿȣʡ

ϣ̫ڵתתôòǱ˲٣׿ˮУҲȲߡ

ЦЦһ¿ˮ˵˵ÿ˸߿״ԪһûüϲأأôܹܴְλӦòͰɣ

ʵѾ˵ˣ񼸺Ķ֣÷ˮǳﶦӡ

ЦЦҲǳʶҲֻŬ£ڴ

ͦõģͦõġĿȱЦһʱ䲻֪˵ʲô

㻹ûҽܴء˵

Զԡͷæҵóһϵݸ£һ߼򵥽Ĵߡ

ʮĴżûԺôߣʱƷû˽඼ǽҵͷڣ˽˴Ƿëǵ顣

֮£Ĵһ·ǣ⼸궼û

ˣвȱǮҲףҪûĳЩ˴͸ôˡ

ҲţǮ֣һ£˵鷳ˣο֮ǰǮкܴһûл塣

Ǹ˽ˣɣҲװ׵İڳ

ֱͦҵѲҪеİҲŹ㹻רҵԣжϳǳһҾԵҵ

Ц˵˵




109  109    

109
˵Լרҵ, Ҳ֮ǰֵˣ˲侫

˵Ҳ֣ǰǸߵ, Ҳûʲô, ̫ڹϴ˵

Ҳ֪ʲôʱ, ˡ

ھµĸı, ˵ķӦклЩ˵ǳ, ҲЩΪ˱һ̱ϴŮ

˵ֻģ붼Щ޹ؽҪˣԾ²⡣

Լͦġ

տʼ̬Щ, ţҲΣ档

¡Ǳòһˡ

ٲ֮ǰǸС, һ˵Ĺ, ȴӹâ

´ĵ̸ƷƵӰپҵһķչս, ˵, ʮ㡣

һô˵˽Сʱ²ͣ졣

Ƭ̣˵Ȼã˵ǳˣЩ, ִȥ

ͻȻ£Ҳǲз׷ױ֮Ҫԭ

Ѿȶˣ˵ҲȨȫȨ¹ԺظĹ

˵仰ʱ, ŵ÷·ڷ⡣

˼̲סεһ£ȶЦҲܹͷ˵ģʲôﻹר˹ȥС

û⡣µͷ

˳Ĵ룬Ҫк˫ȷϣһʱҲ첻ã¾ȸ뿪ˡ

ߵſڵʱ򣬶Ȼʣڡǵ𣿡

һЦͷĿǰῼǸ⣬ȷʵ̫ʡ

ʧЦЦһͷָ̧侲ı飺ҲǣǾ͹¹졣

Ȼ¹졣һЦȻ뿪

ֻ¶ſڿ˺ܾá

뿪¾Ϳųɶĳͣ·ϣûڸ졣

µһ飬˹ȥ

㣬¶ôĵʡ

Ӧⲻ󡣡ЦûаԼ˵

ųɶ£ǣ£ѹõģ˵ˣϹǳҲǮڸǸʲôʲôɷƸĸ˵ҲܵһĴɶأ

˵ǰɣųɶ۰Ͱ͵Ļͷž¡

濪

ڶе˾ˣ߷һȦ˲飬ҲһԻȥ

תͷʹ绰£ǳӦڼ飬Сһ㡣

£лǷһ顣

绰һң

֮ǰ;֣ЩзҥôͻȻģڿ˿ȨԼסˡ

ͨȨҲͰˣϵģΪһ˽ȻȵĶ

תһ룬ܿͰѼ˸ˡ

ϾԼȥܵģҲǼˡ

ҪǷԸ嶯ϣ˵ֱӾͳȥ˺ˣǾµĴ·Ͼһ㣬˵ˣҪ˼ҦӡЩ˱ϾǳˣҦ׽̶ȣɱԼǿˡ

Ҳ֪ѡУͲΪͳĹϵãΪ£¡

תͷȥҽԺ״ȥˡ

µЩһûᣬֻ˵ǳ˿̫ᣬŲ飬Ǿͣõ˳ķչ

ɫû˿ϲŭֻƽ˾µĻͷˣģֲ˳ӳԶ棬ֻԼļһһȥġ

ɱϾǳˣ˵ǵľҲȷʵҸḻ»װģȰһ¡

Цһ˵ˣЩǶḻΪ㣬õģҼȻȫȨЩ飬βҲɾġ

һͨ˵ҦҲЩˣıۣӻ֣ʾ´ģҪϢˡ

¸ղŸ״û죬ʱ򿴵ҦģЩġ

˼ΪϹһٵˣȴúϢ죬ģЩ¡

ºȻҪЩ˶һ£϶ҦܹҲɲ¡

һؼң¾ȶ˵ȰҼ¡

ܾãǳûô򵥡

¼ǵǰĹֳָľֳ׷ǾԣðǱߵôˡ

ΪܺߵȻҲѯʣǾ´ݾߣ˽һ¡

ף׾ֳ¶Ц

Ҫ˵ǰһӲŸպͰ׾ֳŮ˼߸ġ

ߴ߸壬ǼƸҪծҲ࣬첻µزµӣĸŮЩ

׽룬صͷУȰȥʿ

Ŵ񣬾ҹϳһƪƻС˵壬ȻֵǮ˼ϲ

׾ֳһǹ֣һϵһֽüЦ

˵ԼȻƪС˵ĵһߣˡ

ˣ׾ֳԾҲˣܿԼȥһ󣬻˵ûв꣬ϸҲܸ˵ȷʵġ

仰͹ˣͷʾеˣ׼ǡ

˭֪׾ֳסѧҵôǲرæ֮ܶﻰⶼһ˼ǧЩ߸ˡ

˵һͷëëײ

صңѴϢ߽㣬ʽôµġ

òɹǱе⣬˵սһе㲻Ծ׼ϸһ飬û뵽ͳˡ

ȵȹǱ߲飿˵

ûҪɵȣұеͷýһסȴ˵

粻ǵǸ޸Ĺˣ񣬾ߣҲûõˡ

˳֮ǰĻɣܿ쾮¾ʹһè壬ȥ

һߣҦҲسŵݺѵ˼ļһѼ˴ӹؼλϵְһʱ˿˲١

ʱ򣬷ŻҲˣ˵ҲɣǸˡǸһҶеͷķԴࡣ

ô˵Դ౻ߣ軹ںͷɥĸһ·Щ΢Ҳû뷨ˡ

ֻһ½Щ⣺ϱӣҲһλ𣬵ǶǺüԺˣʱӵЧͲˣֵʧҲ󣬵ȴѹóѪһݡ

ĪǡҡҡͷϾһжѾһˣҲٶȥ롣

һأݻ𷸱˳ҲؽõӦеĳͷ

ھԴһҧԼܳＸʹģΪĲǷǮ˼ҾҪԷŻ֣˵Ϊ˳ųҵʱ̵ôҲû뵽һʧ˿أŴ

ڱûˣ⼸ӶһҧûС

ͬʱȴ鵽˸¡

񲿵ˣ¾ȣӡһֱǳˡ

Ķߵ˵񲿳ͷһС飬ҴˣС˻и㣬һΡ

ӣȫˡ

һǽڳǰڲɹҲܳʱ䡣

湴»ǲ١

ֻϧûʵ֤ݣƾһӰӰ´µĲ²⣬ǾҲɡ

ʱ򣬾ļѾѧУˣʵǱߣҲѾ˺ü绰ȥ

ҲʲôЦŴߴûȥȥоɹʱҾܿˡ

ǡǲĽ㡣

ݻȻѾ˳ǾҲŽжϣĻԻк֡

û⣬ѾôˡЦöߣԼĴ˵˳

Уһȡ

ɲɵģҪȥɡµǺܻ




110  110    Ŀ

110
֮ǰ, ΢Ѭȥⲻ⣬ǱѾˣȻѬζ, ҲҪǿ, Ҫ, ʵǿҲԡ

⼸쾮ȴų, ׼ͼ

տʼ˻̫⣬ϾЩ㲻ֱȳԭ, ѬƻʽӹһҲУܱȥһЩ

ԴȥչſԺ󣬾ǰڵĿǣ۸ƽ, ͼȥ˵ʵǼ顣

ԼĻ, Ҫǽô죿һһ, ÿ̫ˡһ˶Ծµľʾԡ

۲һ, ȴ˵, Ѿˣȥ˲٣ǼۣĿԸ󡣡

۸շſ, ڵ˽Ҳޣȴƾűܸо۸²һ·ǡ

Ϊʲôѡͼȥ, ʵ㡣

źҦĹһԺҦҲͬľ

ҿǳҪƨŮ޸÷죡һɳϣһƨɣ˵˵ʲôаôôСĻأ

˭֪أ񲿳ְһ̣еĿӶ쵽ˣȻúܣοǱ߾šҲʺʲô

һ÷Ƶָ̣Ҳķ̷߷߲ƽСѾͷãҲ˵ǿ˰æ

˭Ƕǽϲ˰أаЦִյһζϣǱֺϵˣҪҵİ֣ĥû˼Ͷأ

һεɫеѿѲǸѾͷƬ䣿ҾͲˣܳŶá

ҪǾǱ߻ڲ顭ü۵һȦ˵ˣͷܲϵͲϵȵ鳹׹ȥ˵

һκЦһ˰ɣ˵˵ȥǵС޷죬˭ܲ鵽ͷϣʱˣԵ飬˵ˣǸεεӶҪΪ˹ðôķգ

ҲҲǡٺЦԼҲһ̡

۾ѹǱ뿿ѹͼ۸ǳ˵һм۵30%䶳⣬ǻͦȤģǱҲ˵ˣҪǰǸ㵽

һָ

һ۾һУС£˭ҵ棬ҪСѾͷ֪Լװױ˶֣ʲôӦ

ҲǺЦܹ鲻ʲô¡

½ңһγһЩǮҪ˳ɲС

Ȼû⣬ϾˬӦ

ȵһһߣŷ̵İ̻ҸͷһѵͰЦҵһѵҲǻá

ӱѾ̵̣꣬ʱû֤ݵģǱҲڰиԭٵĲֿܿͱɾƽأ׼ٽ

Ҳ˳ˣҦҲȡҽͬ⣬˳Ժˡ

ȻʱҪӼǿûиղʱôˡ

ԼϥϸһС̺ӣ۾»㱨

һᣬʣôȷô

£ǸϺ꣬ӦѾͷˣΣҲԸͷ£Ǻпܻô

ҲǷͿҦźҡҡͷˣͰ˵İ죬ҪûЩ£ܹ˼ңҪˡ

ҦĿȻһɣֳģʱҵһǣ

Ҧİ˶˵̸̫ȤֻǵȰҦҪ̫Ҧ۾һݵĿž¡

ҦֺǺǵĶԼŮ˵㾮½汾µˣҵúѧ꣬ò

æЦͱˣЩֶˮƽһ붼ûУһҪѧѧأ

ĻҦ̲סЦ

ȵ¸뿪Ҧİ˲̲סʣּ֧سʡҵʲôãָһ򽻵˵ˣʱҲˣŸֻԼ쵼ܾί

ҦҡͷɱС˾ѾͷӽԺǰ;ӹ°ͷҸ׵쵼˷ġ

ҦҲһ԰ǻǣһ㶼ί½̫ˣ

Ҧİһۣˣһľͻ˴



һ󱼲Ͷ٣»صѧУһͿʼ˽ŵĹ

ʵҪˣĿǰûŵʱҲࡣ

ֻջʵҵĵһ죬Ӣ͸һϲ

˵ˣһ㶡

ӢͷչʾԼĳɹһͨΪԴĹͨѶʽ

ģӢ⣬ģ㽻ҶѾˣЩÿʱġ

ΪⲨͨҪĹԴߴ͹£ЩⷢܵıһСף˸ߵԴûͦ¡

ֻϧ䲨̫ˣӢź˵ź˥ʵ̫ˣҲһС߶ѣ˵⻹ҵǿ죬ǳɱ̫˵㡣

ĬƬ̣ʣô뵽ģ

Ӣʼ磺ˢĵʱÿһƪ۹ͨŵģзܣ˳־ˣҳԵĲϻޣɹҲ̫⣬Ҳ̫࣬ǧ͹ˣԼ²ϡ

ӢǸͨŵģҲڵ顣

ʵ80꣬һõĹͨѶϵͳѾ⼸꣬һ·Ĵߴ1.7Gb/sһ鷢չݱӢ뾭ѸЩɹҲһֹڿհ׶ѡ

ǾȴͨСߣ뵽һ

ǾEDFAҲǲ˷Ŵ

СǵôԼ90ҲűģһͱΪͨԵͻƣܷŴźŹ⣬׽˳;ͨйĵ⣬δ˵ķչʮֹؼá

ЦһӢŹʲô˼벻¼

ӢҲһֱˣô˵ʱˣȻ룡

ǾУͷѾʼʵơ

¿ɺãԭֻ׼߰Ͱ׹LEDʵ̳弤⣬˳⼼ǰڻۣе࣬ҲǿӦ

ڿɺãһĿ׼ѾԤеԼͷöģˡ

ۣܵս⡣

ʵʲôģôأ

ͽͨ绰ʱǱҲ˺Ϣ

ĳˣ̲סЦ

ɲǣƽʱһƵᣬѵǰԳֵ⣬Ǹʲôǳ۸սôһųǲĲŹ֣ûһץϸӳҲû˵ˣǸְܵȥˣζϵòɾأҿǸҲܲ鵽ͷȥ

Щȥ˼ҵĳɱ͸ˣʵҲֻ̫ʶʵ

㻹أЦ֮ǰǸ˵ʳƷƷȶؼģǧܰߵɵӿϸҲãǵӰζǼҳӣҶֻ֣ҪһãȻʲôùӳԡ

֮ǰ;ãԼɣƷؿ϶ûж⣬Ȼ΢̽һ¾Ϲˡ

Խѡ

һǲ뱻̫ԶÿһѧңôҲҪ㳤ϲ̵




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ӵһð̳ͭĵ绰·ʼ, ѧһֱѰЧʸߣɱ͵ʽ

˾ǻʤ֮һ

ʮлѧòƳɵά, ʵֹͨŵĿ, ܿ, аҹڵĶʵ˹ͨѶо, ɹҲΪϲˡ

ʯӢˣ黯뵼弤, Ƚʹĵһһ³ɹͨѶ77ͳɹͶãҹҲ79з˵һʵù, ʮΪ˿չصй̡˶̡Ѹ˺͹Ĳࡣ

ʱ, ֲϵоѾʮֳ, ƹ⣬ǹźڴе⡣

˼·Ҳкܶ, õ, һҵЧ͹ԴҵõĹмź˥ʧźŽΡ

EDFA, ôһֶԴ·еźŹйʲ

ⶫԭӡ󣬾һֲӵĹˣʹźŹյ£ܼ, γɶźŹɷŴ󡣲˷Ŵ+ָܼ+ɫɢ+Ӽɣδ;ٹͨ·Ҫ򡣢

ⶫȻ˲ôϤҲһмʵг׹LEDδֻԽԽ͵żȴǵصصĸ߿ƼĿ漰ͨѶȫڸʽرڻ

˵ĿʵԺ͹ʵҺһµġ°ֿͣʼĥܴܲĸŸ㾭ѹȻȱǮܲסоʵ̫ǮǰδѣҪȵǮǾͳץϹˡ

ǰǸʵͦģڴҲ࣬Ƹ㲻پѡӢ˲˾˼رֱ׵˵

һ˵Ҳֱ̫ˣҲѹǰ쵼ְ

ʵ粿ȱǮ̫š

ӢΣȫ£ĸоȱǮģҪȻʲô

ճоûʲôɵҪ׷¼⣬ԳɹĸǮҳģ

ڹڻڷմ³ԷЩ⣬ڿƼзͶ룬Ҳֻܹעص඼ܲٵÿԴɹϣ뵽ľѡ

ӢǰǸоҲƵ

ȻҲǰ˶̵о֮һ־̣ʵÿۿȲǽǽӼϣֻΪ˰ʵ˳ȥ

ҪȻо쵼ҲӢɫôʹˡԼʵ鶼ȥˣҪ־ѵļһڼ¸˭ϲꣿ

ʵǰ쵼ӢҲЩϼݵ̬˶ϧտյեҲեˮ

й˵ѾǺܲİˡȻ˼ԸԸܣҪ˵

ȴһ뷨

ǿʵ粿ع̰

1997꣬ŷּңȻֳַɵţƶͨң1998꣬ʵ粿͵ӹҵϲΪϢҵ֮ܶıߣһʵʵڵĴִȣδƴ֣ѹ֡

ڿԤĽȣѧҲҪںʲôڲ٣ʱס֣ǵѡ

˵ˣڵʵ粿ǮӲô񣬵˶ϵͳ󰡣ٴʵ飬Ҫܽ͹ɾ׶ˡ

ŶԷܽʡ٣һһҲ׬һ

µҲ

˷ŴԺȥӴԷȻҪûʲôӲˣҲ̸

ӲӹˣӢҲһˣϾȥշһƪģϰնٴѧо鷢֣1.5mϣϡӹ˿ԱֳŴá

ԣǰҾǱȽϡԪأԳһԡ˵

ŴӢ°ͣĿȷʵͦȤġ

ʣǱֹԴأ֣

ҪһȥˡǰˢĵĸĳЩҪɹеӡ󣬵Ҳ˶ѣܶ༼ϸ֪Ҳֻ̫ȥ

ⲻʵȤ

Ҫʲô֪Ͱ޴⣬ʲô˼

ϣһӣʵҺʵҵĽҲࡪȻ֪һȷķ򣬾Ѿĺôˡ

ʮϡԴûսԸ߶ȣᴿԪأѾػۣؼò˼򣬹ڵϡԴȻḻᴿʵϲ̨档

һ߻Ŵ㣬һ߰ѳԴٸ߼ҧгݣŵԼʲôʱǮˣ͸һҹڵƻЩС

תһ룬󣬹ڻڲ򣬰ԭ۸ĸ߶˲Ͼ˵ذְۣеˬѴѵĻ㣬Ҳûôˡ

ʵȻҲоˡ

ȷʵ鷽ڰשĹһֲһֲϵԣһһĵ˳ٶŸǱϵĥӶ΢ټβɹʵĴϾÿһʵ鶼ܲˡ

Ӣֿظİשܡ˵ǰоˣȻԴʴʵĻžѣҸֱָĸԸɿ๤ʹ

ǰڼԺ󣬾ͷĵİѾλʵˣԼȥĿת

ԶʫǱߣԾŰ׹LEDḶ́ĿǰȺܲȾԤĻҪ˵㡣

оͷͺģǹʵǱߡ

Ѿ˺üҪˣǳžˮƽԸҲ٣ڣˣʵǶ˵㡣

Ŀſڣÿ춼żԴʿһϣЦǺǵĸĿ˵£ôݳȥôˣһֱûõظ

˵ʵ»ֲҪǣЩ񶼶Ǯڵİ칫λҲһͷͺء

һĿѣҳȥҲÿô˶֮͵ġʵһѧ̲סʦַֹ

㶮ʲôʦҡͷѧȻҳȥĸ᲻ÿ˵оֱܿУˣǽڣҲһˡ

ǸǰֲܷζԺܷ˵ˣҲԸ𽵹ȥһѧĿɣ

ôûУǮڷģɲ¡ʦֿЦ

ǱߣǮںͽ̸ܿģĽڣĿҲôͻȻܵ˼Ŀ鵱ȥˣ

Ҳ벻ͨڲŸոճɹǸժܴоҲȥˣôô벻ͨҪܵһĿȥ֡

ǮڵȻɾˮƽ⣬Ǿáе˵ĹŹζ

ڵ̬ȵǺ̹ұģ˼ҿϰǸĿҲͦȤȱˣҾ͸ɴëԼ

ڲڣǮҡͷҪҪȥᣬܾġ

ûҪܿȴֱӾܾ۸ˣҶԼȤȥǱѧϰĿģ˵ˣǵ㻣˵ѧ⣬ˮƽҲǿ

˵̫̹Ǯڷ֪ôȰˡ

ȷʵǱѾ˺ǮٿǿѹȥһλԣˣҲ϶ẮġϾڵʸְλĿĺ˭ʱҲ˵

ڡ

ôڸ˵Ҳ̫ǮЦ

˭˵ʲôԼ˵ܿҲܻԴһбǳɹΪĵطŸͷˣ˽ǾִֻҷֱӰһٲɣ

ǮЦøˣ˵˵Ƣĸ˸Ҹ㵱˵

ǲͳˣܿһ̯ʮ˺ӵĶ࣬ѣ֪ȥģʵҲֹһ

⻰ǮҲýӣֻĬĬһͷ




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ǻ, һʱôĽСγͣ·ϣһͽӵ˵ȵĿˡ

Ĭϳӿڴͳ־, Ĳ֡

ǸʮˣڵͷɲԶ˰ɡ

Ĭһȷʵơ

˺ٺһЦô, ׬Ǯ, ׬ͷ, úܡ

ܹżǮĬ費мһˡ

ɱС˹ڵг˵, ֮ǰ˵Ǹȳĥˣһ㣬TM׬Ǯһ꼸ڵĲֵڻ£һûлֵܷأ

Ĭ촽, ЦЦǸʲôʱܴ

Ҳ⼸°ɣ, ָʱҵ, ¶ɸӣŪŪһ, ˵Ū˸Ůĵ, Ҳ޼ƿʩˡ

ŮģĬ֣ǲǽо

룺е񡭡ǽо£ҼһΣͦƯһŮ, ˵ŮҲɵúڼҴŶãƫƫܳƴҶе㲻۸

Ĭ裺ǾĽ, ĻӦûʲôˮƽǽõơ

˹ЦҾ˵أСƯҪǼĸϻ̫һսúúһ塣

һ㣬Ĭ迴˲ˡ

õģֻҪǮλͷŲںЩأ˴ָǻǺú룬׬Ǯôɣ

Ĭ裬ȥ

ǳڽ㲻˵ҪǼصظһƬطýҫ

Ĭͷϻǹž޲ģ

ȻڹȦûñȡ˺ٺЦ

Ƿǲģ߷չûʲô󾢣ԺҲߡĬһ仰ͷ

λĬ裬ȦﶼѾɼˡ

ԭǸӣҾҲһ㣬ȦǱԵ˭뵽һ˹͸һѴ׬㣬ЯŵǷƣҪǣ۹ãָļ·ǷƵεĻȳ֮ǰû뵽˰⣬Ȼô׬Ǯ

ðĲƷĬ޵ĿһȦζ

û뵽ȴֱҡͷ治СҲƭƭЩûʶУǻǱĺá

ĬֵĿ

˺ٺЦⲻΪѹͳɱ

Ĭ˲˼üűӾֱˡ

߳ȥǻͷһ䣺Ҳ̫֣ҪֳҲá

û£ҸǶ࣬æأЦڴ˵ˣҲʹȫˣȳԲҲʲô⣬ЩпԾˣںôأ

ĬҲû˵ʲô

׼ԼȦĵתһȦȻ鼱Ҵҵܹ˵ˣǵĲƷˣ

˱Сǰӣ죡ܳʲô£˵

ˣѹûϰɫǱզզͷڴõ⣡

ʲôϰŵһ



ʵںͽԼĿľϸڡ

ʵ˵Խڵѡ⣬ǶԼ˵⵱ȻǼ¡

ڼ룬ζԼĿƽһԱͽҪǣоָ꣬ԺҰ־͸ӷˡ

ܿҲȷĸ˵ԼҪǿ˼δչ

ұ̵ģоиоӦܴܺؿ̼Ӧ÷ΧСߴԲ֮ǰѲһֱû취ܿ˵رֱס

Ծ˵ֱ˯ͷ

̲ס˽ܿһȷʵҲĿѶ̫˵ҪķѼʮʱͷ

ܿЦⲻΪ˭һͳɹ

˼Ц

ܿǸˬˣĿȷ̸Ҳɴ䣬Щĥĥϲ鶯˵ģֺ

˫һļϣ̸Ҳ죬̸꣬ܿ뾮һԷһ١

ܿ⻰һѧһ̲סЦһͷˮܿҲ˼ʵ벻ˣһ͵ؽ㲻ɣ

Ȼ⣬ΪĿϰ壬ĻԱְģ

Ҿ֪ǸˬˣܿһģǳԵҲڵϣɶԪԵĺöء

ʲôöʱ򣬾Ϳ˼棬лȳ

Բ߹ʱԪˡ

ܿƼԼϲĿζʲôĸţ⣬Ϻ壬ŵķʢ

ܿĴУȻֵѧôʣ״Ԫˣأ

ζȻһ㣬ʤڱˣ״ԪʲôãǼ۸˲١

ܿǵǰ켪ʱû˲ٱ˵Ļȳôôͳˣ

ǸŮѧر޹ĿһʦͷڼϢ촫ˣû˵

ܿĶһӳٻһŷӦͲܣǼôء

Ůѧȴ˵ôˣǼһȳȫһѬζеĸζһ˴Ǻͻ᳡ӪˣһǸء

⻰һ˵㽯ܿǣҲʲôԲȥˡ

ڱҲ̲סŻһ£תͷԼĻȳҲͬʳȫ

ȿļԾĹֲɵ㣬ҪôӦ״

󵽵Ǿͣͷ˼СŰٶԸȥġ

ˣҵʳ̫ߣǽܿһԼ֮ǰ˺üļȳʱʱ̲סθһ¡

ͬʱ˵ѩƬһϰѹ

·һϦ֮䣬ȳǸǿƷƣһӱ˺룬ֿѳСɽһĳƷͰƷҲ·ֿЦ֣ӵĿˡ

ϰקĬ죺㲻˵϶ܷҪô죿

Ĭ֣ûҪЩ߰½ϣ£ʲô취

ϰ۾ѾˣӼܽǮȫҵͷˣ˵û취

Ĭ裺ҲҲͶ˲Ǯ桭Ǳô˵

ϰݺݵһڣͷǮˬ죬˵¾Ĩͣʲôҹˡ

Ĭֳ

ǼС£ǵڶκ;棬Ī·磬¶ô붼Ĳˬ

һӶѣϱҲ࣬ƾʲôôõ

Ĭ۾ΣյͶУǸһˮҾͲˣǼҳܸɾ١

ϰһ㶣˼ˮܾȵң

һҪǴһãͳҵڵĬʱ򲻸ҳԵľͰգǸóԵĻǻ㲻һܺúԼ⣿ĬЩᣬϸ룬ҲЩ

ϰ忴ŲֿѳɽĳƷҲû취ɴҽѡһһء

ͬʱǱҲûš

Ϊ֮ǰǳ֣ʧС⹩Ҳʱȱڣˣ¶ĿƸϸ񣬳Ľྻȹ껹Ҫ˲١

ڸʱ̲סԹôҿǵĹʱʡϣҿǸżҲ֪ʲôʱָܻ

˭أһ̾ҹŮ˵ҲеԵĶɸɾģܽ˷ģû˵ǸĴţҹŮ˵ѧУڶȳˣȫǳĲƷ

һ˵ԼŮĻ˲ɴżֵ⡣

ɲǣĳڳſ˳ӣһиԶݸֽҪõأϧڳܸϣҲû취һҲ˵

ʱ򣬾дһԾǵ̨ļߡ

ͷΣѾ۲ΣǨٶȿüֱɻһ

һλŮҲЩ⣬ǸʵĻҪʣԻȳʳƷȫǳΪ˵ǰŻ⣬ΪĸʲôǵĹ˵𣿡

ЦöׯȻҺߵĵģԴҴ״Ԫұ֤ǳĲƷϸʼ죬ԲԴγá

ɵĿ⣬Цλǣҿǵʵʱ㣬ȻΪǽྻ䣬ʱҪϷ豸ҲҪֹȾ

ЦǾ̫ˣ뿴ԼƽʱԵĻȳôأ

ĵӲɷûڰģÿһ֡ͷ·Դ籾ÿһ乤ˣҲָλãȻӰʦ˶Ӱĳȶľ

ǾµҪȴЩϣӰʦˣŸвãͷҡҡλεĸӰȥһˡ

Ҳ֣ܳӰ̫ҲɱĴȥӰ˳Ļ

ӼʵǾ½ǰĹϵϵģﻹ˼Ǯֵ˼ʱ򣬶ؼӡҲ˲١

΢ζеľͷټʵУ·ʱ顣

࣬űάеĽྻУ׼ֽİʵָͶϲۣپһϵϸ淶ĳһн⳦ô˳

ǵ״Ԫֳɺܶ൵Σھͷ´һȻܽޡǮһ92΢һ85ģҲǳľ䳩иʵݵģ⺬ֱ5035£Ϊܱ֤ڸУԳûٿͼ۵ĲƷ

ǲô״ԪϸձȹʳƷ׼ߵı׼ԭϵļߣǶ̵İѿأҵڣԶõġ

ӰͷٶƫƽҲǴ˵еĲ࣬ȴһ⣬ĻеƽʱҪʶĿŴݵͬʱҲ

ĸĸڿԷȻһŵ̧ͷһȴʶˡ

٩٩̸ģɲǸԼҶԵߵôˣȻ̸Ůˣ

ɫһ¿һ̨

ôˣĸֵӣղǸ˽ͦõģ㲻ʳƷȫҲá

ĸ׶ҲŲ˵ء

ĸһ㶣Լֻһô۹ղǸˣСǰĶ󣿡

ĺһ

˼õô;͵ˣǵĶ䲻˼ңĸ˵СҲСˣӶʲôԼԸ⣬õģ

ĸɫԽѿò˵ҺҲʹӣԼ˵ģѾزȥˡ

زȥֲң˭֪ǸɵôӴ

µķ̸һųģһݸõĹ档

ͨĹȳıﳪһ֣һ֣ʵ״Ԫ

ʵ״ԪʶĲԼȥϰΨһģȴֻжݺݵĹ˵ӡ

ǰãһ͵͵Ǳ˼ĹаãͬҲǻζСһβɷ¼ȴĲУھͷ谵ĳˮ˴ܽЬͷںİѿȥͲͶϲۣںڵֱָԭץץȥûκΰȫʩȻȫҲͬ޹ϵ

Ƶһбֽ־ϵֱӾըˣϰĹϵҲŲסܿ죬־ר˵Сפҹ̶һԺ󣬾ֱӷͣԭϺͳƷ

֮ǰǸŵҥԱˣνͻ᳡Ȼ޻̸֮ԭдĲ⣬֪࣬ǽвٵĳԱüԲ·

֮£ӽ⣬ȻõĲˡ

㱨ȥԺͷĲȻŭԼһ꼰Ϻ׹ҲᣬҲʳƷȫĴۣʱû̳վǱֽ־ʽǿƵʱڣ·רңͨڷ׷׷ԼĹ۵㣬ϵȶȱ˿ҲȶȵԣҪ

з¹ȥȻ͸͸ģ״Ԫȴһ׵춨˹ƷƵļʵλµ⽨ãܸϣֱһµȳ




113  113    

113
Ǳ߸ͽ, Ҳ

DAWNʵܿ͸ϰնоϡӹ˱ֳļŴãһģǱֹԴѡ

νֹԴ, һɱּ, ҪڼŴ, ʵֹŴĸ, ˵ˮܼѹˮãֻﱻѹ, ǹźŶѡ

ʵϼֳļԺӢѡ650ȾϼΪֹԴȻֻ28dBСź棬Ҳ˵·ûѡ

ʵ, ݵĥԺ󣬽ܿڴŶҲѾʼԼĻ̽

һֺ鷳ĶԱڵж, ˱䱸, ϣչо

ǣҿ̫, ʵû, ܿǰĿ飬Ҳѹ⡣

ҪȻα۰Ͱ͵һѧĿ鼷أؼ, Ǯ

֮ǰɹĺ滹ڲϲʵҵʽأ˵һֱѧУ͹ʵˣǾĿ߻Ǵ˲٣ؼ, Ŀټܹ򵥣ҪӴճ֧԰ǮڼĿҪʵûеĸ߾豸ϣǣҲ򵽽в˶ߵĺ豸

˾ƾҲǱ䣬۸񲻷ƣؼƷҲʵþƬ;滹ҪǰѶȥܿĶһĳۡ

ÿʱԼѡ񡪡ܿʵͽѧˮƽһΨΪԸԭ׵ˣرҾ飬һѵĴֱӶڵ³ˡ

ǮھɫĵһѡιʵҵĹģСȥķľѣ΢һֻ̯ʣһеˡ

ϵĵڶǾˡ

СССͣɹһһĳԵҲ󷽣ؼǣرǮ

ֵĿһˬ˵á

ܿŲں˵ķԷأھǸôٹ꣬Ѿɲʱ˵߶ˡ

Լʱ֣ѡ

ܿһСҺ̬΢Һηһ߶Щļ۸Ҹ

ԼĿĸ治࣬Ҫǽ鳢øܼҺ̬תΪɷɢĵ罬ӶʵֶԼĿơ

һѾǧˡ

ȣܼͺܲø㡣

Ϊ֪ĴھӦãʲôƷڹʵҪһ̨ܼһȦ󣬸˺ü£Ų̋صĴʵҡ

һ̨ݼƽ10kw10ܱ100kjôĹʣ׾پܻ2׺ĸְ塣

ǣףҪôܶȵļԼһСΧڣȻҺ̬ܷĵ罬һлҪڸջɡǸһ飬ͷ

ôԼԴôʣôѸղָԼҪģÿһ趼ء

ĿǰԣֱܿӾͱ˵һϣȻڴ粽Уǽչǿ϶ġ

ԴҲ⣬ϾEVU̼Ӱʮʼзֱ2016ſʼСģԲ⻹ǹƴֵĿҵôĽǮһһ˲ţв޵ļ豸ҳģڷڹʵңҪʱ䣬ܲзʵҲûס

Ǹоããѩ·ǰֻΪҵһѩָͷı䡪ҵõҲʱÿ

ǳ弤Ǳߣ˾Сľϲ

ĿҪΪ˲̬ȫϢģ弤ʱȶ̣ܰʵ˲̬񣬱Ӱǿпܲ׽ӵŵһ˲䡣

ʵĳ֣һģһǵQѡǵһײģĿǰǰصļѾ˷׶Σ֮ǰļԽһ

Щûʲôǰ˵ĽŲߵû㲻оЩȵǣϾȻʼµļʡ

֮ǰĳ弤ҪлȾΪʣȴŰѹ弤򣬳ѱʯΪԴһϵ³ԡ

üô뵽ѱʯģ

ӣ˽ĿƵķҲͬĿϡ

û˼˵ҪǱΣʶƳģϾ½ͬˮƽ׵Ľڡ¸˭϶̲סĽš

һžϹ룬ȥϾĥţɲڽ¡

Լû뵽ˣ

һƪģ˷ʵ¼ͷ⼸дõһIEEEһû⡣

һǲֵ˺ס

Ըе˵ڿһõ˷ܼܹҹ˯֡

ѱʯĺôҲͬԶ׼ġ

ֹ̬ȾϼжԣĽṹ򵥣ȶĿ˷Ⱦϼһϵ㣬ϣļ塣

ţ֮ǰȻûⷽĳԡ

弤ʮкڲŽļ¼ĺôֻҪҸɾѳ㣬лԵء

˵ʦֶԸʵǲ֮ǰ˫ƵѾֲˣû뵽ڳ弤ϣȻ

°̲ͣסʣʦ֣ԼǱûʲô뷨

ҡͷǲǽڵĿȫϢһͦõģߵĿ

֪ˣЦҲ˼ֻǽڼԼһϣҪʲô뷨Ҳ

ҿɲңϺЦڵˮƽҿǿˣҪʲôµӣҿ϶˵ġ

ͷû̫⣬ϾһУҲǿĶ

û뵽⻰˵һ£ܿǱ߾Ȼ½չˡ

ʵ￴ǿջӵ罬ҲɴΪ

罬ֽе壬ǳ˹̬Һ̬̬ʵ̬Ǳȵ㹻ߵ¶ԺԭӼԭŵĲֵӱɱɵӻ״ʡ

ôɹģʡ

ܿҲʮָˣþĿˣҪȻôԼҲ׳ɹˣ

ıϵϣСĽ顣

Ϻ޹ЦҲˣ֮ǰ˫ҲԳһ£û뵽ͦá

ʹ˫弤ҺΰУͨıԤ֮ʱӶʹEUVǿڣһϵв򵥣ƫƫ汻ˡ

ȣһ£Ȼǵʵ˵Ŷͷʼ˼ʲô

ûǴĻ濴صġԴŬĻ

뵱ΪӢˢĿɲ٣ʱ緢ֿѧ½չҲ׽ӴҲϲЩľ͸˼ҿС˵ƣһôζķ

ԾʱԼʵӡ󶼲̫ˣסӰĽ۶ѡ

ǣ˵ʵ˼·ͻͦϤġ

˼ȥкȻһƪġ

ܼ֮סƪģҪΪһƪǳµģ2015ġ

Ҳ˵ʵͻȻ˴УֱӰѱҪʮԺֵܳļֱӸˣ

̲סһ±ơ

ȻҺһССң˫弤ǰѹû뵽ƪģ

ɫӵĿһۣŬǲԺĳλţϧһе㻳һǲҲġи񾭵Ĭ裬Ҳٶһˡ

ֻϧһ޹¶һšǺˡ

˫˼ЧԼԤ벻

ӣ̼ûôңԶˡ




114  114    ĬĻ

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ѵ֪ͨ, Ĭڱʻ֮ǰǰ뿪˹ڡ

ֱԽ󺽰ϣЩδ

˵, ʵֻǼĹɶ֮һ, 㱻ʻ, Ҳûʲô˵ġϾڴڹ, ǰŻڼڲΥΪ, ֪Ҳ

ǣΪĳƲ飬ѡˡ

͸ϱһ

ϱӵĬ裬Ǹͷβ, 飬һϲͨ

ǰΣҲһλɹʿ, ҳб˵ĺӡ

һôѧ, ̿, Ȣһλһ, һɰĺӡǱ׼׹εʵ档

ǴʲôʱʼһͿأ

ˣǴǵĺӵһֺ, ȴ޷ǺӵҽƷÿʼġ

ҲʱڵĹ˾ΪĭʼԱܲңҲǱɨسŵ֮һ

, ҵȴԽԽۿžҪ御Ȼųˡ

ֻҪûۿͲᷢ

Ȼ˳2000꣬һ»صʮǰ

ոճӻûгûüԼδӡ

ǻһѧۻʶȻáĬȴԥģ˲μǴξۻᡣ

ϱӵظһˡ

Ȼִҽѧע޷ĺӣǰǸСһٴϣʲô壿

ĬᶨãԼӦиΰĿꡪ׵ʵ׹ΣΪˣӵȡ֮ĲƸȨ

һжӦеģϾߣܹδˡ

֪ȾĬܿͻƵĲƸȻ󻹺ܿӴһȺ־ͬϵ繫

Ⱥ˶ƵޱȣʢڽǮȨ޾ĿҲ㹻õҪġ

ǵĿ꣬綼ԼĹתΪˣֶֻĲ

һõ磡

ֱĬͻȻע⵽һˡ

ں͹ѵУһ˵˾֡

һϲʵڵ绰пһŮȻ׼ԤԵ˺ƱǼۡ

Ĭ֪ƱΪϱӵʮϲʣʱΪ˾ǵĺӣеղƷˣомöǷܲĺƱ

ʮʱ䣬˷ǮƱǵһǧһţȷʵһܲͶʡǿǵǵʱҪ֣Ǯʵٵÿ

Ϊ£̲סǸسСе档

漸ν͵ȷţŮԼһҲһԽߡ

ֻϧǸôĴԽߡ

ǵһμʱĬ贩żֵǧ޴£ϲֹ˸СƤЬȴһ˵УΪһӳȥķӻϲأϲ̨档

͸ˣ˳﹤˲ŻᴩĹװīһֻҺӣʵ˷ĳࡣ

ˣĬԾҲġϾҲһߣ˭֪᲻֪ԼĶ

ʱĬ軹ãԼһŮǼ򵥵飬ϾԼһźһأѾóͷԼ

ֻϧ˾Ȼ޶ԡĬ軳ɣǰͣӦñҪöࡣ

ҲӼĬеķ

Ѿ֪ȾĺôȲҪѾϢȫڳ

ֻϧŹֵŮһһ⾹Ȼֻ⣬Ʊ⣬Ȼֻ῿Ͷ׬Ǯ

ĬŮΪȫⷶΧ⡣

Ƕδ˽̶ȣ򵥵ܷƣڻٳûеؼѧһȺͷˢ

Ĭ˵ѡ޴

ѡ޻Ҳͬ˲֪ơ

ʮ׹ʵҵĻԻѾȥֲδڲܹͳ

˵֮ǰĲ²ⶼˣʮûľĬ¡

ϾʮϲĿںǣѧ߱¶£Ƕ̶̼󣬵ǸѪȵԼһЦ

Ĭ²ⱾЩǣǿȻ˻ȳ˲ȷпܾ92ǰġ

ϾǰʳѾ˾޴֮УûĻԻ͡

ĬǾãûʲôֵˡ

һСʶԼǳñԼ̣ʵûҪ˷ʱ䡣

һʱ䣬Ĭûٹעˡ

ֱΪһĺԺٴνߡ

ǵĵزĬʵڷƿɳ¡

ֱǰڳǵķҲǧһƽףʮȵȻ˲٣Ǹ౩ҵ͹ѵ缦ߡ

ĺԺ͸û˼ˣĬֳ˹žϢϷʵûʲôȤάװ޷ãЩ־ɵǷʵڲˣٲǨķգⲢһ׮Ͷʡ

ĳλϲڵĴͳĻ롣

ϣҲ׷ӡ

˵ĵһν棬Ȼʧˡ

ССʧĬû̫ϣְܿһүۡǼ۸񣬶Զʤ֮ǰǸ

ǽųֵ׹ڼӡרȴ˲侯

罺ɲӦôͳ֡

ջ㣬֪δܸ򣬸ָܸһ޾ëͷСӣڻȦʤ

ĬԾӳ̶·¸ߡ

һ˽ʻ򣬻˲ţĬ˵Ҫı

ֻϧŮ˲ʶôϹԹԾͷǾֻӲˡ

ĬǻȦǰڻֻ˴ĲƸһ޴ûʲôʶĻϳֱһײ顣

ֻϧִˡ

ǸëͷСӳƿأҲõ˼ʦѣԭһʯ׬רѵļƻôĪһʧˡ

һأǵΡ

˵ףĬ貢ǽȦרҵ˲ţ֮ǰһβʧʧС

ȻڸĻȳⶫȻעãǽһʿǮһʧǸѡ

ĬܿҵһϵӲĺ飬ЯŴʽعҵ

ϰҵĶթصڣȻҲܷĳЩ׳ɹֶΡ

οȻŰѾչ鼺еͷ

ĳЩ쵼ȻһױʴȻԴԴϵ鱨һ

ĬţǱôҪݺݵ˽һѣ˵ǼҳҲǲܡ

˭뵽˽ֱӵյģȴļ

ĬϴߣŲϱ仯״ƶ䣬Ĭ˺þá

Լʧܣֶβ

һأԲô򵥵ƽȹˡĬ롣

ǵһν棬ҲȻ̫á

һΣΣˡ




115  115    ̴ս

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ڷ, ԼҪҪģѼ̻

ʼעʱû뵽ôͳɹ, ǳһоߵıܡĿ, Ҳû

оƬһĶɽĦ, ˼ÿ, оƬܽһλڿɵԪҲһ

Ҳζ, ʮоƬԺıȡͺޱȽϵļֵ

Ȼ󣬹оƬҵԵĻʹڣļҪ, ʴ̳ߴ綼΢׼ʱս׼ļо񾭲Ҳ̫ࡣ

Ĺ̻, Ϊڴʴ̳ߴ, ʵѶȲߣԼҵĵֹһ̨̻ġ

˵Ҳ, Ĥع⼼Լʴ, ·ͼδݵʲϣӶоƬļ

2060Ϊͺҵķٷչ׹Լɵ·ҪԽԽ, ʽͻ㼯ɴ˳˵һרҵоƬ豸̡

ͬʱŷҲںµķʵ, ʵԱ˹˵һ̨6ͷظع̻

ʱʮλդ;ϽͶӰͶ׼ԶˮƽƵȼӦã÷ʵҵļȫ򱣳ȣĤͼСӢ磬ԲֱӢ磬ϸֻ΢׿ʮ֮һ΢ڡ

ʱоƬϹʵûб˦̫Զ

1972꣬Ĵݰ뵼ڶ˵ʱȽ3ӢԲߣ̨꣬ꡣǰ뵼78ų̨֣磬ֱ87ʽʷ̨

˰ʮڣΪ׹оƬҵټݵڣڿʼúܱ˵ļ۸ߣ豸ǱˣҲޣԺ󣬹оƬҵͿʼ˳ʱֱʮһִߴѸϣǸܵ10׼ڣȻεĿŲӡ

ڣǽĺʱ򡪡롣

ʮĩģɵ·𽥱ģɵ·ȡʵڹ̻ȴƣһֽṹ򵥣ٶȸĹ̻ɿռгʵҵĹ̻޷ģ

ֹ˼꣬˾ڶԼҵİ뵼зʧȥģ׼ѹ̻ҵһ̯ɱ

źΪļȥûʲôƣҴ˾ܾ룬ֻһҺС˾̬Ȼע210Ԫõһɷݡ

ұ˦ɷݵĹ̻˾ԺĹߣAL

ָһ㣬źʱ򶼺һˣҲûо͵ء

Ҳζûлᡣ

ûǴĻʱAL

ǼҺС˾ôó210򣬶ֵһʽȴͿۼ۲ιɣ乫˾ʽ򣬵ÿоѣҪһǧ

ͬʱ˾ԱԱ̭Ĺ̻ŶӣΪɨسŵʧߣҲ˻ּܱᶨֹ̬ȡ

ҪǣʵȻûʵ

Һãһ൱ɫCEO

µCEOֱӾ׼Ħɡ

㹻׼ԺԲߴҪ4Ӣ6Ӣ磬ǸʱеĹ̻̭һнϴơ

ѻǮ

ʱAMSLڷôӦʽ⣬ǼҺ˾ʵǿֶӹ˾ҲôӣⲻǾû᣿

£һʱϵ˻׹ģæӴԺĳţ̽̽ԷķӦ

5%٣50ҲӶ࣬ҲҪҹ˾Ĺɷݣڵ绰ն˵

Ȼ׾ôͻȻչĹ˾ˣҲûʣֱӾһɻɵ˺

ȻδǸڹ̻µAMSLʱֱϵĽлҲ࣬ʵϣǵCEOַȥˣֻҪĶǺCEO¥ſڵĸ߿ƼѸҵѪ

˵ǴŴʽ̸ģCEOϾ֧ǹ˾Ҳǵ費Ʒûóһɷݻȡδͦ㡣

»ĳԱҲܻӭͻȻðĶ־д̸

ֻϧѺõֻ̬˲һݾͽˣĵʦҲԷȻ;ж̸У׮ʮа˾ţ׻ˡ

ɻ󲻽⣺˵ȱǮôǮӵģ

ϣŴԭԼµľߣҶԷãʵ̫ˡ

治ǮǮٵ⣬ĵٴμӼۣһ»Աڶ͸¶˿ڷ磬һ׹ҵﻹ῵ܵĹɷݣ˵ʵ̫Ҫˣ

׹оƬҪг῵ܲǶĹѧͷ̣ҲȫǰĵĹ̡̻

֮һǿԺһĹ̻

ȻǵıҲǳߡ»Ա˵һĸ޷֡

ǧԪǷˣ绰ͷҲĵĲ˼顣

Ȼ̻ǰԺ󣬷׷ӵľѻҪ֣ڣһǰ;δȥʱҪյ¹˾ƾʲôõôһʽͶ룿

οһӣͶҲѹûгֹһڹ̻ȵ῵ܣ˳˾

ô£

Ƭ̣ˣԼ

ͬʱ˰׹ĬƤɳŵתһȦ

һѵõʤֵúúһ

һĿʼҵӴĬϷӦҽAMSLĹ̻ҵӦδҵڵǰֱ῵ͼܣĿǰڹ̻ͷʢļҵܿҪΪоƬҵĴ˥˶ҵա

㿴򣿡ĬЦҾͰ⼸ҵȫͺˡ

Ĭ費֪չʧʵѹû̫ʧ䡣

ϾŵģǾԵƼĳΡ

˵Ϊʱ̫࣬޷ʵӦãЩͰļѵҪĴ򲻳ըЧ

Ȼ򲻵AMSLǾһµĹ̻ҵˡɵ롣

ȣҪһ̨̻

¶޸һ̨ҪѶˡ

̻ҪѵԴ߾ȵĶ׼Լͷ

Դ⣬Ծʵ˵ǺѶȡܿ΢תһоҲס

߾ȵĶ׼ȻAMSLǿ˫ƵǺ˲̬ȫϢȫԼģõĶ׼

鷳Ǿͷ

ȫĶѧͷһң¹˾ձ῵ͼܡ

̻ԾͷҪǳ֮ߣΪǰľԣ뿿Ĺֶ׹ܴﵽҪľȣǱ߶ʾͷʱ򣬵õĻشȴޣһ궼ֻʮľͷĲܣѾ˳ȥֻŶӵꡣ

鷳ҡͷѲɻҪȼ꣬Ȳ˾Σ˵

ʲôΣܿҲڱϣ˾һ䡣

ûʲôЦͷһֻˣڽԴ⣿

ֻܿҪѵλ϶û⡣




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DAWNʵңѾɹƱɹĵһʱ, ӢԭʵҴ˹ϵ, ϵӴĵλӦ, һʱҲûʲô

ͬʱ, ҵĶ䵹ö࣬רһ, ˹

ϲһĿһЦ˵ȻȲҪ̸

ҶˣԾϰҲòˣ֪ȤĻʵҺ豸, Ϊ˻صشµ豸嵥

˵ģǳ⣬˳㻹˰ԼһССæ

ӦĹһССı̬Ȱ, Կҵĺ, ɾȫһˡ

EDFAĿĿأǱһܼ쵼, ǻһȦ, ڹ¼Ȥ󣬺Ҳùһѧ˸ļҪĵģǰˡ

λ󸹱һڿĿİͰ͵, ˸꺮ůֹ˼ҵĳסֲڹʲôĵطλ˶Էڽǵ˼, һʱҲˡ

˲ǹܼEDFAļֵ벻ͨˡ

Ӣ˽ЩˣΪưûǴĻһʵӢϵҵģΪܺ˽ŵλá

ˡ

ҲĪʾʲô˼

ûʲôҡͷǸûʲôǼֵļһ

ڵĹ˾̸ҪŷгԭùȻӴͷḻʱŷԼ̫ˡ

ˣֲ㣬ҪǱߵĺԸǿңɴȷһ˵˵仰ûãһŻ̾װŽЬ·ϻмӵĺ˵̸˵ĺ

Էһһ⻹ĵһλء

ڿȥۣδȴǸҪǣҵġ

ôһ̸˲͸Ȥ

ף˵˸մӵλְû꣬ŶƴļǮʼҵҪҵǳ̿ص绰Ҳ֪˵¼۰Ͱ̸

ԭ˼ҵĳ̿ؽǮ׬һЩף˺ֱ׵˵Ǹ̫࣬˼ȥҪԼļԲһˡ

ҲĲEDFAļֵԼһؽӴг

ף˺;ĵԼԹͨǰֹּۣ˵˵ԺĹ滮ĥʲô򶯶Էʱ򣬾ȴͷֱİ壺Уǵĺôöˡ

ֻʵ飬ȻͲδаԼ׬ʵ龭ѣˬľͺǩ˺Э飬ףЩȡ

ô廧ҵʱ䣬ף˾˲ůҲ˲ɫھʹʹͰôĺöˣǵһμ

һɹģ˵ָĿڣԣһܳɹ

һԺÿڵʵ龭ˣòֱЦ

֮ǰǸʦѾרʦƽʱҪʱ͹ҿǼҷز˾£ŽһЩ߰ĺͬס

ⶨЭʱ򣬲һͰܵʲôطȥˣôþöûˡ

СʦЦϼҸ㽨أ

ܽȥˣһ±ơ

ʵǻؽأȥˮʡ

Ͱᰴҵ㹫˾ܿڸԵѧУһ粨˵˷Ѵõѧϰ굽ǮȥˣҲ˵еѧҴҸɵľ

ѧУ쵼Ҳǲ̬ͬȣҪȰ˴ģѧУһľѧڿӣⳡ粨޼ա

λ˳㻹ѰҲ˹ˣͰһ⣬һ߻ҪԼҵΪдһдѧģʱʱٸŽȫزɷ磬ӹʮˬ

ǺôҲԣŽڵܽӴĲҲһˣʵģҲڷͶʱŶı߿ˡ

ȥˮʡǽڴȥμһ֯Ͷʷչֻ̽ᣬȻ˳ҲӦ֮塣

ΪѾСķز̣Ͱ쵼Ҳǹ˺ŵģһר˸þǽصسﻰ˼Ϊ罨ڵͶʵҵ

ǣزгҲŷſãص󶼺ޣԸõʡлõ㣬һؼУз̽Ļ

Ҳطеļ֧ҵԭͲʳƷиշչûһõóֵĶɽˮǲ٣صߣҲǼǱ߾ɽɽϿȼ䣬һ·

Ժ˵εţ滹̲ס̾ԭΪǸӾˣ뵽ôһƬطʵ࣬θŽ߷˲ٴ䣬лԼĴӣ˿ҵ۹⡭˵

ǰȥʱ򣬴ﶥǿһѧؼˣĽȥǼ棬ԺҲǿˡ

һΣΪſͷسͬ׿Ŀ⣬͸һ˲֮࣬ǰѾСĴ峤͵΢ĵز֮£ȴ˵ʲôζ

Ҫ˵Ҳ½ˣǿĴɽЩƶĴˣк¶ֺ۾ܾʲôĶѹϣ˵ֻ֮ȥ

صǣ˵µʱ滹Щ

˭֪ɵ˵ҼǵǱߺö٣ͶһҲ

ϱӣһʱʦͷȥʱǵطһ·ûУʵʵСѧĶࡣ

ǺרҵԼһϵ߷֣ɽҲͬʼԵķƶЩչֲЩ֣ҲЩչҵ

ʱڵĴΪˮѡֲҶ뿪꣬ﻹµأȵٻȥʱԭƶСɽѾģ㶼ϲˡ

滹벻ףɽƧĵطͶʲôѽ

ǿɲ٣ҼǵǸӸһܴٲⲻͿԷչҼũҵרȥʺֲֳʲôɽıؿɲ١

ʱĶˣǡȥԣ

ǲҲͷȻҵǸǷӣǸʲôʲôõزҲҾ¶

˵ɾ͸ɣǸˣһ˵ǸϽҲܸȤְϵ˼λũѧԺѧԺרңרȥǱһˡ

أ滹صش

Դӽ˵ز˾ˮ֮ǰΪ˾˼δ󹦣ԭһһֻ׬ǮݳƷ׬㹻ǮԺ̬ˣ̺ƴɱĸоͦ

ǿó͵طϴ򽻵Ϊѧҵʱʱ̶̿ǱߣֲĽˣù˾ʡǸսһ󹤳̣ȥǱʱ˳Ŷ¡

һǸͷβ˦ƹڳ˼⣬ʱ䶼һһʵȵٷӦҪˡ

̻ƣûԤô˳

Ĺʵң߼һжǴ𲽣ĸѣҲ֮ǰҪöࡣ

ֻ֮ǰǼѵ㣬ҺѹУǿϵͳȻҲԲο֮ǰĹͣҪƿרݣӵ֪ʶȨҪĹ

ܿʶһֱӿƵĹʵҺͼСС

ΪŷҲûˣڰӵйؼĳӷڹڣ⻹йѧͷҲǱĴ⡣

ҲѹּзѶһˡ̾ȻԼر

ãDAWNǱߺϢƵף˹Ȼһʮֿ׵ĺߣܿͰʵϵ˿ʵĳͬʱӢֿʼоܼⲨü͹˷Ŵһ𣬾ǹ˴

֮£ʵҵȴȻ˶ʱͣ͡

˼΢ûôУǾõ׼ר԰Ķʱѹ

ڼسɹΪⶫʱʵ̫ˣʱڶ׼ȥ

Ϊص˽ܿϵĹ˵жҲͣΪ˲ŵһƪڿһλã˶ʾ⡣

ʵ˵ȻνרȨһüã漰ֹؼģ̫ŹĽڲ١

ֻϧƫƫ򵥵ļסˣָоҲǹġ

ΪҪˣûʲôĿʵҲƽʱ΢и˵㣬ܿԴʵ飬Ŀǰʼս⣬ǼѶ˲˼չʮֻ

ܿ̾Щĵķϵ飬εڣںһ𹥿˳弤ĿɺĴȥʽô

ҲЩ꣬ƵҡҡͷķֵǴﲻֵ

Ҳ˿̧ͷִҵ鶼Щɢɴ֣ҰֱϵԺ󣬽ǰż٣Һúûȥ꣬һѳɹ

ӦˣΪʵ鲻˳ô㡣

Ҳһβм¼ą̃棬׼뿪ˡ

ҪȥԼĸĸ

ĸĸСŮæŹɴСˡ

ϧ㾮Ҳæʱǳɱˣͨһϵȭ׵춨״ԪڻȳҵͳελڳҲˮǴߣҦѾͬˣڼ˵ٹһͿʽˡ

ȥDAWMΪ˷Աصһ̨ξĸĸҲǽ˾ųȥӵģǰûԶţŴС֪룬Ů֣һ

Ǹ·ֻĳʮ棬

Ц⼸ҴǺúù䣬ǹʹǡǶȥһȦ

ĸ׻ӰŮĹû¶ùǣ㹤Ҫ

ҲһģЦȴȥĺԺǱ߷㹻࣬ǿ϶ϲ

ССĺԺȻɹɫѾʮִˣװһС¯ܸ£жʮСʱˮ

ĸסôķӣϡòˡ

ŸĸСһľٶĪЩ᣺裬Һͽڶ׬ǮˣҪǸɴǰݣú帣

û뵽ղŻϲò˵ľĸɫ˲ˣ˵ʲôɵأֺҶᣬúõĹŹţ˵ɾͲء

ЦҪԺûչˣҵǿԹһѡ

ȴԱˮǹŮôме

ŵľҵóĸϾͺɷһһͣԽ˵Խ֡

ҡҡͷǲ𣬻ðԼȥӦɡ

ߵʵҷż٣Ҳæ͵У˼ѵõļ٣

ڴϣŵ컨壬ʵһ̶ûͣ

ֹʽģͣ߰豸תŴƮѩޱȡ

˸ڴӱͷѩ׷ɣůϵͳƵȴǡô΢һȡ

һ˯£ԼڸĸĶϴЦɿĻ·ֺͶһһ绰

ǱȴæòУ򵥺ͼ˵˼仰ͼҴҹˡ

ôôæĸСֹһȫǽ

ŮгϢĽˡ

˵ŮʵмؼңߵˣĸĽһ꣬ﱸԵġ

ɴ绰һȦû뵽ӢʫԶϼҴڵҲӦʵǱߵϷҲ˵Ҫ֣ܿѧҲ

һ£ɴۻˡ

ԽԽã˲йζĸֵúܣɷһҪͬ³ǵصɫˡ

ĵӣ˶ˣ߶֪һʵңʽ滹ǵһΣ˫ԶԷʵҵĿЩ棬оԱ˵ʵžõĹͨԣܿĵϤ

ԶϴյһʼϵѧЩ𣬵˵˵¾͸ȻȻ࣬ƽʱɻˡ

ܿʫĪۣһ˵Ű׹LEDһԼĿҲǸջ

мģ˵ƾ˷§һɵĳ˸裬ܿǸŮѧڱϣż˵ɵЦ

ͬһرõˣĸ͵͵˵Ƣò˿ž;øˡ

ĸҲõ˴һµĸ߶˵þûгԹôķˣ͸صԼһ

˵ؼң֮ǰǼֵûС̲סǿйǿˣܺúܺٵĻᶼ֮٣˶ʵˬζǶԻؼҹļ䣬ģ˲١

ڣʵȻأҰĵʵңƹͨߣĲ

͵ˣȻ˵ŰĹ겻Ŀˣ˵˵ţȻֻͷתȼҳ̣ʵȤЩ




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һǽܿ˵ԼУȻʵȥ, ȻʹԼѧȸˡ

Ҳס, ˵Լ뵽һµʵ, Ҳ뿪ˡ

ӢʫûҲ, Ϊʵʵ顣

ԶȵסģȵѼ˶˻ȥ, תͷʵߡ

Щͬ¿湻æġĸ̾һ䣬תͷŮȴ˼ĳԼЦ

ȥȥɣ͸һ, вסĸӻ֣ͿŮһƬ̻УҲصʵ

˵Ůܼ޳ȥعͷ, ĸԼɷ

ô, ȣŵĴСƷǺֱ, ҲܲѾͷ˰

ĸ̾Ҳ, 㿴ѾҲǣôˣ󶼲̸

ǧ֮ĽͷͬǱ, 칫ȴȻвˡ

Ϊʵ̫ˣǴʮҲͣ˼Ӱ๤ʷ÷Щ»ص˷ḻĹο, ֤ӰĹȻܹһꡣ

ԼĸöԶھǣҲûй뷨ҹڳһԵģҲͦ֡

ȵʮӣæ꣬ƿţ׼̤ѩߣȴȵĿһ⣬һ¶ڵЦ

㵽£»һھʶԼһɵ⣬ֿΧһۣͷȶˣ

ųɶЦûȶã½ȥ㡣

һЦʣʲô£

ⲻǹ֪һˣûʱʲôԸĹҹӶ

£Ұȥ֮ǰͰѵĺģš

Ҳҵ⡣ųɶֹС˵

˵ʲôû塣

ûûʲôųɶ֧֧ģһ߲ȫһɡ

ڳʲôȫġºЦҲûܾ

ѩСһ·ʮӣųɶƶô˵ʮӣһ̶ûͣ

ȵ¿쵽ˣͻȻع񣬲˼Цһ࣬ǲǾ÷ˣ

ҡͷҽ˵̫࣬˵ͦõġ

ǣǾͺáųɶɵǺǵЦ

ĵӲ£ֿ¥˵ƣųɶת뿪վڴϣ뿪ıӰ̲ס΢΢ҡҡͷתˮϴȥˡ

꣬ĸĸֻھǶ죬͵ųĹææȥˡ

Ѷϳתֿʼûûҹʵ

ʵ֤ŬȷķԼľѣվܵõر

֮ǰһĿڿǣܵɹʱһĿʼ硣

ʼ˵˲̬ȫϢַǽӴĲӦڶ׼ϵͳϣϵͳ

ܿǱû̫չԴѾ˿ԱɹӦõĳ̶ȣĿǰ׼Ƴ̵ľҪѾˡ

Щ³ɹĺǮ̸̸һСʱԺǮִȥԺ

̻ľҪԺɵĿǰľޣֻܼͶ뼸شĿ̻зѾˡ

̻ۿɼһҪʽͶĿ临ӳ̶ȣҪĸ߿Ƽҵ֧֣õĹѧͷҺѹͿϵͳ

ӽȵĺպ죬װоЧҹ󲢲̫УͨڽоƬ⣬Ȼ˺ͷ

ҾĿг˵Լһ־ѣҲϣУ͹ҵʽ֧֡

֪һоʱ䳬ʮ꣬ÿͶ뾭ѹڵĴĿһ˿ɸ

Ժԥ㡭һ̻

϶ԣͷļѾˣֻǻҪһҺѹͿϵͳȽоʵҺ

һ̨ȽĹ̻ҪҵĶ⼼ϣȥսоƬ侫΢

Ǻð죬ǮھͿ԰ϵԺ˵ԺȰľѣҪԭͻҲһڹصרݺҪһλù

ڷ̻зҪΪ̫ʱֿʲôɹҪǾȵԭͻҲǲܵġǰ̻Ǯóһ֣Ҳܲˡ

ȾԤЩҲ֪ѧУѴѾԺΧİˡ

ؼҪɹ

ǮںܿͰϵѧУһרҺѹͿϵͳʵҺǱ߶Թִ̻ĿҲܸȤԸʮֻ

Ȼ󣬾ǿʼƴԭͻ

ǰϵоƬߴ4Ӣ磬ʴ̾ϡ

׼ǻû6Ӣ̻Ƴ̿200ڡĳߴ磬СƳֻ̣ĳɹھѴս㹻ķݶ

ĿǰʵҸĴˣҪƴȻһ׵顣

һ̨̻ͨҪҲʮҪĲ̨ع̨ԴļĤ棬Ĥ̨ﾵȵȣÿһҪϵǡôһ̨ϸĹ̻

Ϊ˽Ĥ棬Ҳһڲ·ͼĲ壬ڹһȦǶû취ǻ˼ʮԪӹרŶһ顣

Ĥ棬ͰѾԺҪľѸһɶӵĽṹͲ

úҺѹʵҰ˲æ˾еѣﾮʡ˲ʱ;ѡ

ôŵæ˴ʱ䣬̨̻ڻˣȻֱأ㲿ҲǿƴյĴϢûһ㹤ҵУǣá

ҲֻöѣãһβСľ롣

鷳ģǹѧͷ

ȽĹѧҪձ͵¹ձǱ߶Ծӣ˾ǱΪƷȫԾ⾵ͷĶҲֵͬЩ

񣬹ѧͷѾĿ谭ڻǾȥ˾Ǳһˡ




118  118    

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͵Ƿݰ²ƺһס˿ֻ8000ҵС, ȴǴĿ˾ܲڵء

յһ΢ꡣ

Ϊԭ򣬲˾һ豸ͼԱʮʱǨ˰͵Ƿݰ²ƺ, ҲǺ˾, ڶҮõ, ǺϲĶ˾

ʱ, ǽڣ˾, ˾Ϊʽۺ񣬵Ӽ˵Ѿ˦˶˾Сľ룬ԾȽӴ, µĿ˾

;һͬеģĿĽܿDAWNڵƸһλ浼Ρ

ΪԼĿĹϵܿڹѧͷҪܸ, ˵׼һ˲˾ܲ, ҲǿҪһ

˵Ҳɣ껹ڶѧ, Ȼû, ǵﻹ

ôһ·ˣȻԥĴһ

Ŀ꣬Ǹ˾̸һҲȶĺͬ, ԸǮҲһҪ֤ԼҪľƬӦ

ǳϣŴѵǮߵ̬ȻʮĮ

ӴľӲֿóɾƬΨһṩ, 򣬲ѡ

ھ֮ǰĶǾ仰ǵĹʱ䶼Ѿˣ˭֪ʲôʱ깤ء

Ľչֱ˴ʧǲԤϡ

һվǶµҮã˾ҮãҲǶ˾λФزҲͬС

ֹѧǾͷĹؼԭϣ̻ͷģǾƬȺ׹ȵݡ

˾ҵչͼϻƣǶʱȻǰʮĹҵϲҵʱ˴߼ĹˣҪֹĥĸ߶˾ͷ˵ߵˮƽ

ʱĶ˾ǶµĹйƷ۸񲻸ߣҪ˵Ļʵ˾ҪǿЩ

߶ԾĶҲûôĮϾͬһӪͬ־ܶ鶼̸

ȤģФز

Ҳ˺Ͳ˾ƣרֹѧĹսԺֳͬɶңǽϲΪһң˾ȫʿعɣΪؼľƬԭϹӦ̣Ҳ˾ȹڹѧƬԵȵλ

֮ǰǿĤﶩģҲȲȺõ㣬Ժϵ˼Ͼ1990Ҳûˣʱ䣬Ѿࡣ

ָںͶҹѺùϵȵպߺϲԺʲô飬ĥģʵ

ǹѧǾͷ׹⼼Ƕƣ򵽶پ٣Ҫǻڼ˾͸ˡ

ʮűǸȻ޵ĺȻŷĶҲ漴ĹԵĻǶôϾľơ

ף⿿ǣǲ翿Լá

˵Цǹˮƽְȥ̣ҲʲôѧᣬֱӸƷˡ

ԼǺģ֮ǰҲȥ֪ǱߵʲôӣֲԳҪ󼫸ߣɲʲôطġ

ԼLED֪ФزҲͬҰġ

Ȼ涫Ǹ׵õӣФصĳһ˵Ȼǰ׹LEDרߣ֮ǰİ˲һɨգ²

յӰЩϴķ緶Ȼʱ򼸸ҵĹϵЩϲΣֻҪĸˣҲϸϸ̫ྭˣһͥҲˬ죬ԼĹϵѶ˾һҲ˹ԷԹ̻Ȥ;˺ܾá

ñԤ͵ĴۣļתãȻĿǰֻ˳ĺЭ飬ʽչкܶҪ

лֱӻعǾ̫Ը;𳵣ֻȥת

û뵽յ£Ҳ˵ǱߵĺӵľȻӴˡѲǴ˵еľʶ

Ϊ֪δںҺȤ󣬵ǽ˾ľǿ֮ͬǰĶǰҲһջ

ȥʱ;ȴ˵¡

ʼһСкͻȻֱֱײ˹ܿԺ󣬷ݺݵĵһ۲뿪

ЩĪʱһľֲ֪ͻȻ˹ӵһ棬һХ

ͽܿһӾˣȻ󱻵صķɿ쳶Ŷ㵽һͷ

Ǽӵܸеһ½һƵ

ڣҲߵ쳣ļУܣֳӻҡ

֪ǶصطãǶԷܵʲô谭Ժ󣬾ڵĽƽֹһᣬ١

µľ춼ЩԲıδ󺺣Ծ⼸ͦѹ˵ģǸǳġ

ȴ˾ҪҪʼʱ㿪Ǹĳײ˵Է͵ˡ

ֻϧز죬ߵľûвĻģҲֻоع

Ϊǳ⣬δ֮ǰõĺֻܸ࣬ĳعһɻʱ磬ʱҲˣھƵʱ򣬶СİѴٳʲô⡣

طΰôôܿụ̲̂סɪɪѲΪǾܾߵĺ

ӦòôɥĲ񣬡ΣҲȷʵ벻˭Ҫҵ

֮ǰӶǸ벻ڣˣǰϵصĴʹȥˡ

ʹͦ˵ԼĹΣգܿ˹ˣ˳㻹ϵһصĻȣʱסڶԷҲȫ

û뵽ǸǵĻȣȻŮ˾

ôּˡ˾ҲܾȣЦһڴ

ʶܿ֡

ɿĿһۣǰһζѡ

ǲμӹͬһ˾൹Ǵ󷽷Ц

ЩΣǵϵʱξͱһ𾪵Ϣ嵭ˡ

ںɱңǳȣһԪ

ɲһСǮҪǣһͳιӦòڰѹĳǮ˵ôɣ

˾ࣺǮ٣Ӧ漰ܴ棬˵ڹǸеģǲĸ뺦㣿

⻰һģǸ񾭲һĬ衣

ֻϧû֤ݣҲܸ˵Լ⾭

˾ҲٶʣԼۣΰȽϺãȻҪ̷ΣգǼûнҲҪϾԻĹɢ

ʾл

˾ʲô˵͹ѧЦҲˣﻹе˾ĹɷݣҪȤҿ԰ǣǣߡ

ʱҲû˼̸ˣҰǼ½˵ɡ

õģһҿҲȥһ˻ʱ̸˾ͷ




119  119    

119

Ϲû, ˾һجΣûô˯⣬ûз顣

ڶһ, ʹݾר, Ѿ͵˻, Ƕ߾ĵ, ˼ʩѹҲû̫취

Ϸɻʱ, ЩɹΪʱĳͷȲգߵİҲ΢һ㣬΢˵ġ

, ڷɻҲȫ˯Ҳûκηɻϵʳϡ

һֱվϵʱ򣬾, 

˭֪뿪, һĹԱ˵һԽ绰

Ͳ, ǱߴԴʵЦ, һһ

Ĭ裿˲䷴Ӧ

㻹ܼǵңʵЦ˲ֱ˱ʺ򣬡˵ó̹൱, Ҿḻ

һɵģֱ롣

ĬֺǺǵЦĶ仹ͦ飬ȻѾ֪ˡ

һƤһǳȤĶһ˰죬̫ϧ, ұ׿ڸȤϢأһʵҾò㹻ƥļֵǶԲ˵ջѾ㹻ˡ

ȻֿʼЦ

ֻŭһ壬һѹһĵ绰

ЦЦЦйһǸ񾭲

ȥˡ

ֻúʵ飬ûȤʱʱ̿һ񾭲İ㣡

һ绰ųɶ

֣ɶĬʶǽ鲻˵Լ̽ԷЦʾǲǿǸģˡ

ģȷʵǸܺõݴʣҸĿǰĹϵŪңҸŪ

һһҹû˯ãڷǳꡣ

ųɶһȷ˾ûпЦæʳʲô¡

˵Ĭ边Ȼ˵ӰеXģһҷǰԴ˲ɣ

ȻʼһһʮԼ֪ģĬ鶼˵˳

ĬСû˸ĸһԶ峤ǴԺˣʵڴԺ֮⣬ʼЩΡ

˵ĳɼһֱܲСѧУǰéԸͦʵҲ໰山ϵȻͳ˹˵ѧҩ

˵ǮҲ죬ųɶ˵ǲ֪ΪʲôŹһ꣬˵˴ѵǮʡ˼Ŀﶼϱ˵£˵ֱܳȥġ

ʱ֪ǼһﾹȻĴҲйϵ

ǵ¡ü

ųɶƶӦǳԺģķڹ⣬ڼûʲôҵΪ²⣬ϱӶǧǰ

ڵķ۾˼ǣ죬ǧԺ顣

ôһɫǰƴ裬ʵڽ鸴ӡ

Ĭڹû̫ۼǾȥڡ

ĵڶ绰ѾʼԼѧġ

˰ɣС˺ܴ׬˴ǮԺƮһΣǺôһŷѹֻһʽгţʱ򣬶Թͼдҵ

ӵĵ绰ҲһһӦǣԼ᲻ҲΣա

Ǹӣʲôпܡ

һ⻰ҪģֱԼȫǱܡ

ܿ죬ͰĬ׹ߵĵϸˡ

ϣĬǴͶˣҵҪɶֵʲǸָ߿ƼҵITҵΪ

һ棬ͶгķҲȶ˵м񼶲ʱʱҲδ󷭳ʽԶõֽ𣬴Թƴһҡ

ǰһǰͷչAMSLԭһıͶԼǴ޹ЩԹ֪һ˵ľˣɶӾ衣

Ҳ˵ͷֽѾˣʡ

ֻ࣬ЦǰһһӦÿ˲ǮҴļʲǳжҰǴõСϢǱߵϢɲԶˡ

û˼ԼֻǱȽϱضѣЩǵò̫Ϣһûá

ǿĬȫ෴ķ

ԼĳؽɣЦ롣

ʵ˶ŲܣԼͰеʱܹˣǣ޴Ĳȷأϲģ֣ų

ֻԥ˼ӾʹӦ˾Ľ顣

ϾѾӶϹһˣɲʲôʱٱϡ

ĵİæͺðˡ

ļǵãһ׹ȫĽгһ¡

˶ĵǣ׹кܿ콫ӭһ1019һ˹ָСʱڱ508㣬22.62%

ⳡ籩ܿϯȫ׶أۣ裬˸ȫҪָ׷׾޷´죬޹Ҳ֮кȫ֤ȯгһ⡣

19ŵ26ţ̶8ʱ䣬ƱгֱӱĲƸ2ԪҴˮиҵҽԼ

ͻûгֵĹڹвͬ׹пҲգҲǼȿƱѺעδǣҲԴӾнùƱ׳ȹƱµʱԸ͵ļ۸ˣ׬ȡеĲۡ

ͷͷһָпոʽǡ㽫Ͷ˵ѪԼ֪ܻ޴󣬾ҲԸմȾִѪĽס

أĬһѡ

ھ1019ûˣһȻĬڴɣͷϵǮȫҽȥˡ

кܿд̣һ㶣Ǯ˳

ԣҲϲգԶԶû⣬˵ĬӦҲ֪£ԲŻѡա

ҲϲȺͷͺղࡣĸ͵

ȻĬȺͺеһǼ̰һ

뽻Ѷһ󣬹⼸죬һ˳һǧҹǰȫҶĽȥˣҪ˵ģʲܷԣҪôԸ

绰ͷȴ˵һʱ˵

׼ⳡմս˵ʱⳡϯȫĽڷ籩κ˶û

븯ʳߵĿ񻶣ǵΪӦǳԶ롣

ѡ˺ߡ

ǹζʲô

ڵ绰˵ĸĽһͨ

ôãѵöԾľɣⲻǷһֱӵİ취

ЦѲҲͣûҪ֣ңͷǮҲô׬ġ

аɣҹһԡĻǰŰɡ



Ĭô⡣

һ籩ΪǰԤ֪籩ٵ֪ߣѾ˳׼ֻŵʱݺݵһʡ

߻ȫעһСĬϲģʵĹ

һʱʽôܿһ׬֮ǰʮǮЩʱĴǣܿҪĽűߡ

Ҳ˶ȱȼ֮ǰλĽŮߡ

Ů߽÷ǣ28꣬һλ޵ĴˣҲ֪Ĳƾߡ

ԶڽһɵĲɷã÷һǳɫְҵȹϹǳɫı˿࣬ϸĺɫ߸ЬеȲ

Ĭ費µСͣһᣬȻź֪¶ӢϢʮЦǵģҲ̫ĽгǵʱѾ̫ãԤʵ̫ˡ

һ͸Ϣ÷ǹԾ죬һջĶԤûĻ

ȻĬ԰΢΢һͷƺŸͻһ㣬ңһкܿͻˡ

˲һ磬ĬԾԼڲɷбֵȱиɻ

ǲ֪Ϊʲô÷ǶĬһİʾֵ޶ԣֻһְҵЦȻ͸߰ת뿪ˡ

ŮߵĮ̬Ĭ΢ˬһᣬһ벻öãŮ˴Ż㲻ˬ˲ͱ˶δڴ

ʱžܳͷβΪ׹εĴ˰ɣĬ΢Ц롣

ʱһתۣ͵1019һ

Ĭú磬ԼĺլһٷʢͣȻ󽻴ܼұóҪȥ֤ȯ

ܼһֱͦӢˣܹõְҵѵĬĻͷɵİŵ˿ٶ

Ĭѩ׵죬Ȼʲôʵ˹˹г𣿡

˹˹ޱĿĹһۣҵְҵڹ顣

һϰߡĬЦȻ뿪

Ĭߺ󣬹ܼҵɫͳԼĹǲǲʲôŹô˵

ûʲôʶͶ۹⻹ǳŹ֮͵͵˹ļֻƱȷʵȡ˲档

ΪЩŹ֣ܼвԥǲҪ绰֤ȯ˾ʱĹƱ

Ĭ貢֪Լһ仰ȻԼĹܼ޴ĲֻĿƽĻ֣峿ŻƽǵĽֵϣװṫİ˿ǰ;ãһпһжô

ǼСʱԺĬ֪һж᲻һˡ

9뿪̻аСʱ֤ȯѾ

һʵĩϵľӢͶǾЩģ˶һȣһΣĻ簲

ĩʱƺһЩϢǹѾһܵĵֽ͵ϵͶרһʲôʱзٹƱ˽ӵĵ绰Ҫĵӡ

ƺһӡһƱεʼ硣

ͬʱŦԼ֤ȯϯӵģȴǻöϢ

һ칫ңֻڹɵȴ޼

Ѿˡ̲ס롣

˾ŵʱ˲ŲʲôͬѰ顣

£ʱӦʽ̣Ʊ۸ҲῪʼֱ䶯ǲ֪Ϊʲôܶȴһֱûнףͬʱ˹ָȴֱӵ67㣬һжԵüž졣

ͷΨһֻĬ裬ԼĴĵȼһ֧̣ȿ֪ͨȻ۾ʼ¡

ŻŵĿԼϰһۣܳȥϢȥˡ

ܿϢʹʧ⵼±͵ܶƱ޷ףʮ֤ȯϰʱڽᣬԲߡ

ܿСʱԺҲǱʱһͷȫ̡

ʱĬ˴ϵڴмŽš

ˣѾűã

˹ָѾµ100㣬гŵIBM˾Ʊ̼۱ֱ̼ӵ10ԪȻ󣬾ǸѸ͵ֱµǿբˮӣһкǧ

̶ʮʱ䣬ָ2246.742000㸽Ȼ˶ݵĵֱˮ

Ȼڳû֪Ҫ٣һԵӿ룬µԶϵͳʱʾȳɽʱ˽һٷӡ

ϵĵ

1430еʱ򣬵ָµ508㣬1738.74̡

һ˲ݲݳһͣĬȫ̶΢΢ۣƺѽ״ľͰ̾Ľ֡

˼еʱѾıŵɫ࣬ݿԼϰ壺ҪҪƽ֣

ƽһְɣĬŵĵͷʱ仹أȵʱ򣬼ա

ȻĲҰĽ״ǵʤĿ

ֻϧϳʱһ׮СС⣬һ˺ȻԱߵĴ¥ֱֱĬĳԶŤŹԺǰľβ£Ȼ󳹵׾ȥ

ĬĮĿһ۲Զʬ壬סӣɿϳ

Ծδ˾˵

Ȼ˾ͻȻعһŵ

һ죬Ϊֵĺڰһֵʧ5000ԪһУԶûн

ָг12ºԼ28%׶ָ10%վ14%ۺ11%īĹеҲ20%

һ죬1929Ժһιд̡

صңĬ跢ԼĹܼƺЩԾǸõһʤûЩҪ飬һٷʢͣȻϴϢˡ

սûн

֮ļ죬ץʱ̨һЩߣжݵķһСΣ1026ţһһɫһٴν١

һأµǴۺʼģ33%ĵ۵ʷ¼վҲкǧ㣬ٴδŷеı

ʮ£ȫһƬҵһз·𶼳ʧȥ˿ơ

ĬʶλרҵĹܼҲɵʱ˵Լҵԡʱ

˵ֳ൱ңܼҵǵһĿˣʱֱӾ˹ȥ

ܼⳡΨһһˡ

ʱ׸һ֮ھʧ21Ԫλδ԰򸻺Ҳʧ˽40ԪƲĸͨͶ߸ǲ̶̼ʱ䣬ѡԼˣȹȥܺͻҪࡣ

ֹһ֤ȯ̵գƲҵԱ˱޼ҿɹ顣

ͬʱŮߵıһĿǣҲȽȽ

Ĭ裬ңԶˣûⳡҵıκʧ෴ʲһӱ˽ʮƺⳡʤߡ

ڱǰգڱ̺ƽ֣ȻڵڶһֺݺոһĲȱȷ˺֮䡣




120  120    ʤ

120
տʼļ, ΪҪһ¹ܼҶ΢һʱĬô⡣

˻ʮ, »صԭλ, 򶥼з̡

ֻҪôΰʤ, , Լ㹻ΰһͶ߷һ𣬳Ϊʷ

һС, ɽȦĶУľƶдüˡĬ룬ҿʼɫԼ͵Ĵҡ

ɲԸԼԻ͵ľ, Ť

֮ǰ΢ʵĺϻˣѾ׻һ̸ڵþԴԼĸ, Լ, ͷӶôϥ

֮ǰЩӹԼĴҪô±ðͽӭ, ҪôѾг̭, ĻΪ˻ϵ·Ľָ˸ҵ

Щǿ׳ѪӢҲʼΪĴͳ, ĬϲֻɣϱӵΪһĬĻᣬӦĺ, ڣЩɻ־񣬽ޱȡ

Ůһθķ̸̸֮ͣ˼¡

־һƪרãŮд£õλãרҵ꾡ݣңϾͻһ˶֪֡

Ϊη̸ĬרһƬ˵Ф񣬽Ϊһڵķա

־ڵڶɫһԺʽС

Ĭһʱµ־

򵥿÷ǵıʻţϲ͡

ҿԿǹӶҵĴߡϣĬ軹롣

ȻԼƬ

ΪϵʤߣŰʬ֮ϣͷϴڣ²Ѫӡ

Ȿճ¯־͹ʱµĿĬһۣȻеĶܿˡ

ô̬ȹֵֹģĬʼ磬ȻʤߵϲУ־ĵһӦǺúһԼӢòȻע⵽ϸڡ

ʬǣãѪҺЩָԹԵĶĬ費üͷһ塣

Լʲôƺ̫Ծ

Ĭֱ壬ɿ췭Լƪɷá

֮ǰĳȫһЩ飬ֻһ·ʽͳ׳һ

ƪѪڻִļϣͨĻ

гȷĲȿԽΪжϣҲͬ˵Ԥı

Ȼ÷ѡ˺ߣԽʷ׳ʡ

һҰĲ̰ԵӶߣܱԼҵĽг⵼±˵˽ܡ

οÿһĬƺϡ

ܽĬķʷѧʼǴڻನδİڻݰջ˵һͰ֮ÿһѡ񣬶ǡվͨͶ˵ķ棬ȴոԽԽĲƸ

ÿһ𶼴ͨͶ˵Ѫᣬ⹥гıڣҪǣһˣһƤͷĶˡ

ԭ

ֻϧĬ跴ӦʱһжѾ̫ˡ

ŭİ־˳ȥȻ˷һĴ÷ǵĵ绰Ȼ󱻶ԷֱӹҶϡ

ͼȥ־鷳ȴֻõһƯ׻

Ĭ׼ӶʦֱӸ־̰ʱĴǳȴѾ˹

ҲƨĬѾ˲Ϸˣ۾·ŭҰޡ

Ǹݸߵط꣬ȸߣȥʵ޹

ô벻Ҫ˵ѡô룬ǹؼ

ڶѸٻ޵ģǸͻһȰԼ׵ĺϻˡ

ҵĹ˾ܺκβ鳶ϹϵֳıϢĹ˾˵һԴǡ

ְϻɢ˲벻˵ĬıͷʱʱƲεƺԼҵȫһͷϡ

ûãĬҲǱص֮һ

ܿͱйصֵǷвгΪǸΨΨŵŵָ߽ףָܼթƭϻ˶֤˵ıа֯

ǮĬĻܺһתƺͼء

ʱ򣬻ϣкŽǮߵϲʿƺһϦ֮ͳΪ˱ͨ˵ʿǸˣָɥʬϮʦ

һûʵУżٷĴ󷨹ٸϣųԱ£ŸнʦҲŬ˱绤ȥְ

ųԱׯУٵСľڰϣһпȻ

Ĭ豻ʮͽ̣Υöûջ߽˷ԭӴʽֻʣһƼ˾ĹȨѡ

ģΪʱԹߣͼɷõ֣ȴе㸴ӡ

һﵹùǻáܾãֵֹģ绰ֹҪ˵һ̿ģôʱֳˣ

Ĳ֪ĬĵϸΪһϢȽͨ׬ֿǮȻʲô³ǡʲôطô˵ͨ

ڵ绰ǶЦΪһֻСᡣ

ĬԭΪԼŵĹ֣ʹ׵ĸʵҲûʲô

Ϊ̫˰ɣһϾα̫ͻȻԤ̫׼ˣ˵ûԤıҲѽš

֮йصֶ¼Ҳ˵飬ºƪ빣߹ڹߵĲ֣߹ʵĲȶԣǴʾƶǣҵÿһԭһֶ

ǣһȥصĬ裬ѹյһݣ쫷ĺ򣬳е˹ڵķŭ

㿴׼ЩǮ̫ģ粻̾Щ¡

ʵҲһ˵绰Ժ󣬲εЦ

α̱̫̫ͻȻ˼ʱ˶߼٣ԲĬ豻͹Գ

Ǹģʱ񻶣ǴδδΣ᲻Ϊڵľ޶㣬ɾ˵׼ˡ

ǸǮݺ磬ںĿɴͲǹƽ壬ĳָ߲εĹֻϧĬȻûǰǵĿ

ҡҡͷȥЩܶԺŻᷢ顣˵ˣЩϵҲ

ڸҪǣĬѾ˽ȥܳʱ䶼ٳ˷ˣҲѾ˾ǸëֱͣĬѱҲˡ

ͷɢȥ˲٣һڿʵҵʱˡ

Щ⽣Ӱҵս˵ֱ˷ΪǸĬ裬Ѿ˷Ѻܾõʱˣ

ȻĬĺôҲֹһ׮

ǱAMSLĬչ̸ѣߣõֵĻᡣ

һ̻ƺҲܹһˡ

⣬ȱǮ

Ǳߵʽޣе棬ķֺ죬зز״ԪĸѼһ𣬿ȻɹۣҲֻڹת޷򵥵Ļɺչ㡣

̸УĲޣAMSLĸ˾֮һƺֿʼ̻ҵ񣬲׷һͶ룬˹Ȩá

չЭ飬Ҳʧˡ

̸ҲȫûЧǰѸ߾ȶ׼Ȩ̸

AMSL̸еһв˽Ծ˵ʵҪ׹Ĺ˾Ҳǵʵǲв

ҲЦ޺ǰҪҲ쵼ҪҲףⶼǺƯ

˾ҲһвƺԱ߳ʵһɧžһ¾ƱǴֻ׷Ưݺı棬˭ںʲôأ

֪˵뷨ڹ̻ľȴ־

мݶһһˣֻĳ̣

վȡʤ




121  121    ע

121
һ̨ԭͻһ̨ҵ, ˵ڶ̨AMSLĸ߾ȶ׼ټϸϸĹҵ, ͺöˡ

һҹڵĲ, , µĳ, տʼĲƷ˼ҶʮǰˮƽҲ࣬, Сѧտʼ׾ĽֻԽԽ졣

ѧչһԭ΢ʼĲƷҲǸ߶˵ʵ鼶ѧ, Ǹڻ۾ƬԶ;ͷ

Ҳø˹չķͷĳӺܿʵӯ, ׬Ǯʼоѡ

ֻ߾ȵľͷô, ոµĹҪ׷ͬУһҲҪܳһʱ䡣

ͬʱ, ԶںAMSL, ǵ»ҲѾʼۡ

PAS2500ų1΢£оƬϸڱɫĻѾڱг˲ٶ, Ҫǰڽޣȡøг

ͬʱĹ̻̣ȴ˴鷳

ǿľGCɼ۱, ͬʱҰĲҵͷȴһ̫ಢͷǰзߣÿһ̽ޣǣʽȱ˲ͰϿˡ

ĲֹһңCenserҵһǧɣP-EҲʼг׷ŷ޵ҵŷгУȽܴģƺҲʣALһҡ

ͬʱڵıӹҲʼįɣͼȻǣҿʼԭóг

ALڱгͷʱ򣬺ע⵽ڸصĻҲһҹ̻

ԭͻ˽ΪѾǿԳ۵ĳƷˡ

ڣǱڹǵ²Ʒ

һ̨ռСӵĴһľֱȣ΢һ㣬ҲӴ󣬵Ǿȴֱ׳˵̨˵ǰǰصļоƬĲƷû֮һ

̨U003Ĺ̻Դõ˼£ͬʱȽĶ׼еľϸ̶Ⱥϸڱ֣Ѿڱ÷ˮPAS2500

ҿPAS2500ļϣ̨ƣоƬĵλʱ̣ǰԱ٩٩̸ҪǣΪзŶӾڹڣκμ⣬ԵõĽ

ңҪ㡣˦ջһ㡣

ʱ㴢ǰתЩǻǮĵطˣȻ׽⣬ôá

ҪһȽоƬߣκҰĵļԱ˵һջʮĺô

۸أиʡ

PAS2500ۼ950Ԫ̨ЦЦ1500ңȻǵڲۣڣ800Ԫۡ

ͬеĻ˲٣Ϊڳɱͣ׬ͷȻܴ

̻ƷҪָ߿ƼʮĴһÿ۳ȥ൱ޣȻÿһ̨Ҳ㹻

ҲԼĵģʵҵ˭ܱ֤һ̨ܹάˮƽأˮʵԭͻɴͲһ

Ա̲סʼΪı̫ߣ෴۸˵ʵЩ̫ˡǱ˵ù֣̲סɣʵݾûôá

ɣֻЦЦҲܺ󷽳غ͹ˣǳͬʱѵȻֺ졣

һķ٣ֱӶҪСˡ

ȻڣھȻ̻ˣ

ͬʱҲڻίίԱ褵ơ

ԭڻĿĹأ̻Ŀİ

ǿ山ʵұĲȴͻȻãЩԵù½롣

̨ǹзģ

̻Ŀ飬ǴͻȻðģ

ʺţ֪ηӦҪǣ滹Ҫҵĵб棬ͬʱĿҪ̶ȡ

оƬδͳΪ˵Ĺʶ

оƬֽмɵ·Ӧ÷Χʵ̫ˣպ죬ҵеҽҩȫ߾ļ

һͼ׷ϹоƬҵķչȣȴηΪоƬǱȻǣҪԭ򣬻Ϊ

һ̨̻ǧԪһҰ뵼幤ҪͶ뼸ڡԪ

Լо׷ϣǾ͸ˣÿټǧԪľͶ룬пܴˮƯ˭еΣĴ磬׼ĹƳ̣ĦɣоƬķչٶȾ͸˻࣬вͻᱻԶԶ˦ȥ֮£ֱߣ졣

·Ҳߡ

սһȽоƬߣӼǰǩЭ飬Ǹ߶ʱˣӻûãһЧȷʵ£һԭǣָ߿ƼĽѶ̫󣬶͹ļŶӹͨѣһȥôˡ

ʱҲ룬Ҫǵʱûѡз᲻úܶ࡭Ȼһ뵽Ҫȥоѣ˲ѹˡ

ڣǰģȴһ˸Ӿ㤵֡

Ϣ͹һ̻ŶӣǮʵ̫ˡ

ڹѵĲֻ֣ܹһʡĿѵļټһֹҼʵҷϰ򾭷ѣԼ山ⲦȥļʮУѡûʲô㡣

һ֣Ȼʵ֪ǸоʵҸˣ˺ܹؼãҲǧ˿Ƶϵ

չļת÷Ѻ͹ѧǮһ̨̻ҲͲ໨ǧҡ

̨Եùֱ˵Ĺֻ̻ܸŹķչϻ

ϱĲģٿ̨оѣͬǴѪ

ֶѶȵļأʲôʱôˣֻ÷˼

ȻٿصоѣκĴ˲ѹ

Թؼɡ褰Ŀ⣬һϡ

ͬһ˷˼

ϽһƬһòŮ̬ׯ֣žͷǳǳ΢Ц

һ൱ϲ֤գһԣݣڸλµʱ򣬶ǡһλǳĿѧҡ

ǵģ褺ԥѡѧҡţʮûõŮϣڣûõѧλ

˵һšϸϸĿ꾮ĳɹ̾

ʢĿѧңгɹḻÿһʮ㣬һϣһ㹻Ѱ˳ʮϱˣɶŮѧ˵ȴǶ̶ĳɾͶѡ

оҲһ˸㣬üǰѧƶ漰ҶҵȵĳɹLEDǹ̻

ھϣͣһᡣ

ܾ֣

ŬΣȻ͵룬ڳһܾǰ־

Ȿ־һƪΪϲĿƻС˵С˵ߣҲо

ҪһˣǾ˼ˣ̲סЦ

ûսʵĿƻС˵Ҳ˰ɡ




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, 褻Ǿãȥȷһ¡

̻׳صĿΪ˻ר½һ߿Ƽ԰, λò̫, ھ, ؽƫú, 쵽ͨǱȥˣԱҲûʲôλ, ôǣƬƼ԰׾ռ˺ܴһƬط

褵ʱֻطǹģС궼û, һڽеС˵ٹܽˡ

˵ǻ쵼רųճд, ۼ, 褾ƬϿĸᣬҲƯ

쵼򵥽˿Ƽ԰, ֱȥ˹̻

ߵĳ׼ܸ, ֻãݾܣںܿͻ½һоƬò, Ǳ׼ĳ䣬רŵĿԼˮװá

û취ɵ·Ҫ󼫸ߣݲһҳ

ڳĳɱ, Ȼ׼Ǳһ

豸Ǵӹڵģټһϵ׵Ļ豸ǻãһ֡

Ӱ豸ˡ

̻Ϊȫ򶥼ƼĴ󼯺ϣļһģȻ豸Ҳͬһġ

̻ѶȣȻȲԺļ̻ȻҪȫҵ̨֧֣U-03ＸǧʮͬĹң˹ԴԼʵҶзģе˺ʵҵģ׼ϵͳALģͷģõǲ˾̽õձģܴһ𣬼۸Ȼơ

ڱ1500ǳɱˣҪϿзãⱾ׬ߺȡ

ȻҲû̻׬Ǯ̨U-03ǱPAS2500ǿһ㣬ҲǿޣҪսչ׳AL⣬Ҳһ̫׵飬ֻߵͼ·ߣȻ˵

Ŀ꣬ͼ̻ؼѾԶԶ˦ɱﵡ

ʵҼļԴȻˣƿڣһʱҲûô׸㶨ļ£ʵҲ൱ѣʱʵӦãǿչ顣

褲֪ͼ̨Ѿ͵U-03ȴǰٸн

΢΢֣ЩҴ̨ԥһᣬָ

һƬָȴȵ֡

Σ褲ŶԾ֣ص˵лл㣬ˡ

һ㶣βЦҪˡ

þͰѱ˻üڶһɹļˣ⻰ҿɲţЦİɣ⼼Ȼģ˭ߣҲбµˡ

ְٷĻ˵ǰһ롣

ȻDAWNڻ֪˵ģεҲλУ֪δķչ򣬾ﻹǴֽš

Ƿ˵DAWN·ҲиĺôԺ󾭷ԴֻܿԼǵҵİԤ֪ˡ

һҹĸϹ褲Űѵб潻ȥ

ȥԺ濴һ龮ǰдĿƻС˵̲ס¶΢Ц

˴£ϢͽӶĴ

оƬõ˹ҵߺʽ֣Ȼ̻ĿҲʽصƼأףǱ߶Բ˵ƹ㣬Ҳһ˳˲١

һתӵãͲǸܹġ

˷չ쳵ľĳһˬ֣ҲҲʵݴˡ

ͬʱĹ̻Ҳлμӹϵİ뵼չᡣ

ȻDAWN׹ŷ޶ŶӣǾ˶Ի֪ͣڹèϣڴͳĹƷеȤǹ̻һܲȽPAS2500Ĺ̻ʲôЦ

ģ޵ŶҪĻǰѲƷȥЩǱڿͻţǲĵ÷ƭӡ

ǿƼչ뺯ϱӾõ֣ҪǺõҵı飬ҪԸ鷳

õ뺯ǸרŸдǩ֤ʹݹԱ˵һܵ׹ȥ̻ǹźϷʣŶﲻ˶߿ѡ

һ˾ɽɽ

һʮɫĴУߵŦԼֶ˼ʵʣϾͬʱҲĶȼʤأӵһ˽֡

ֻϧȻﻪڶ࣬ȴûеõչ˿ӣ̨ؽ˹ûطš

뵽ĲǶչһλʮƫƧ䣬һ㶼۵СطҲƽףҲܷһ϶ѣ㹻ǰ

ԶԶǵĹ˾˵ǻ̻ģ˼Ҳ̲ס¶˻Ц

ͼߵҵͨȳһطܿʶֹͨȫͽ޹ΨһȤģֻп֡

֮ǰѾˣʵչλԻǮֻϧڵʸûСչѹѾ˳ĲƷԼơ

Σֻһ߼Ŭ˵Էһڻ᳡Աһֿ⣬ȰڲֿҲܽǱڵҸۿǵĻ

Ϊ׹Ľģֿȣʮַ˹̹ѧҲλڹڵ壬ǡɣѧҵ

˵μչȻ֡

ȱ˹ַ̹֧չģǱһѴҵУѣıϲʣߵﶼϰߺ飬ټʵʽ;ָ㣬Ҳ˲δĴС

˵ǹƹоƬĻ˼ʶѹ

Ĺ̻ͬһԷޣԭ˹̹ļΣǰΪһЭ·ҲϷ糱ԼĹ˾˼ơ

֮ǰͶʲ̫˳ȥƳһƷʱûʲôǮƹ㣬г֤ܿ۹ȷԣƷһõ˲ٶй˾ľ״ת˲١

Ҳ˼Ƶ½Ͷ֮һȻ볡еǳ㹻󷽣˻ǻټ罻ˣ㲻Ͷ˵ݣҲһʮ顣

ǣĹ̻ܴĸǶȥ¶ʮ֣ظ֤Ϊһ׮רɵӵƭ֡

ɽɽ뵼չһ뵼ҵʢᣬչĳʹŬŸ²豸Լ༯ɵ·صն˲Ʒ

һȺ˶붼ǹȵСҵߣҲʮǰоƬڳﱻֹоƬҵڵͶʣɲЩܹ

ȻҲζǲܷãϾȺ˹̹Уѣ˭ʶоƬ쳧ء

صעģǰΣһǼϵģһѧԺвѧְԸһɱԱܶҪǿˡ

Է޶չϵĸ¼Ҳ²ǹ˾ӪҵȻ·ǶԼҵҲΪϤϾʮһ󱬷¼Ϣҵͷ֪Խ࣬ҲԽ

ͣͣչ̨ǵģȴǲˡ




123  123    ʱ

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ʮĩѾ, ҪھԼѧڣֱ1983꣬űʽֿ, ҵҲ

谭չĳ˼, ƿ, һǹ;ݴ, ڶݽЧʺٶȡ

˼ƹ˾Ʒ·ľǰһ, ˽ģǸؼĺߡ

ֲ˷ŴʵѾڲٵŹ˾￪ʼСģӦãºȨĿҵŷĵŹ˾, ЩӦٻȻһһŲԶȵСҵͷ, ҼȰӵ

Է޼ǰѾ˵ֹ˷Ŵ, û뵽ʱļȻǰĻʵзģ벻, ʵһڹ˷Ŵܼ͹Ⲩ, Ҳһ·У·õزĽܹ׼ļ

Լߴͬʱͳɱڵ绰͵籨ͨ, ʱ̫Ӱ죬Ƕݴļ˵ȴǲ۲۵Ĵɱ

ĺDAWNļԱּǰһӢ, ҲòÿĿİͰ͵ʽӢŬԷ޵Ľࡣ

ǰ˹̹ʦĶӢȻ󣬻ͼڽǡ

еˡ

Ա߻û˵ʲô˹Ѿˣһ£λӦùעص㣺̻

˭֪ɻ벻⣬ֻһһӢļȫûע

ͲķʮʮļɣδһƬֹۣҳѧʽĶʡ

⣬ֻúЦλ߳˼ƣҲûԭġ

ߺҵӪʱ򶼲һ߼ǰ߳ʧܵһϾΪʵңľ͸նˡ

ķ򸾣вɾѣԼһ

ʱԱһĬĬݹƬʾԼһоƬĹߺ죬ƷҲʮָȤ

ҲٹǶ뼼ȵķޣת

ԭιɵһҹ˾ҪչоƬҵ񣬶̻ĵطǱ˵ļ۸ԼĹʱ䡣

ǰĳţоƬҵ±ûȣͬʱҹ̻ȴûܳŹ⾰׷׵ջ߼гҪĹֻʣƵļ῵Լ½ĺALңҳޣÿĻоƬ󳧶ιЩСͳˡ

ɿֻǡǲڼġ

ҪǣDAWNı۷ǳˣǼ˷ѺͰװã۸ҲPAS2500˽֮һ

ټϲ˷򸾲Ŀ϶Щ˵ĻȤˡ

߰ڲǵڻ᳡Աһֿ⣬ֿߡ

۾һҲ

һ˵һģźȻ𣬻û˲ιɵĹ˾ʲô֡

ǰճС˾ǫ˵ͨ



ȣǲԻĵط

ĿһֺۣʣҼǵǹ˾߰ɡ

Ȼ˵ԼĹ˾˺ܸˣǵģǵܲʥ꣬üǰѣʶ

͵ĿһۣӵҲᣬһҷǳֵͶʵǱɡ

Цͨδͨҵİ֮һоƬ򣬰֮ǰİ̳ȻÿӪҵڣֵǸߴһǧԪ

δӢ΢ʱȻУǳûޱ˵Ĺɷݣ׬һʱҲǸ㾭ѵĲѡ

ڲǮȻǶԽԽã

ھӰ£Ҳԭĵ֣ʹͶ˵ݷչһҼС˾ʽ·չ׳ζͬҲܲ

˷ɿһĽһ£λͨĴʼ֮һȤģ̨ûЩôãߣֻһ̨ʵߡ

U-03Ҳǵԭͻȵһ΢Сһ㣬ȻPAS2500˲٣ȻǲûйΡ

Ϊһ̨רΪˣʵϣΪȡң̨һССĸı䣺һ͸ģڲṹ

̻ڲезӵ˼¡

̨ӽСĻһСʵҵĸ̰棬Բģ飬ѧģ飬ģ飬ÿһŲţߵҲײһ˵Ļġ

濴ȷʵһ̨ܲĻλƶ˵һҪ͹˾Ͼһ׮⡣

ʾ⣬ͬʱİһϸ˵Ȼ֪ĹǣΪǵĵһͻܹһʱõܸۿۺ͸ڡ

ƶһ㶣ܸˣ

˰ԪۣټͰװãŻҪһңܼҲûгǧ̻1200ؼۣʵ˲١Ȼǰһ˾ṩĲġ

ǵģǹ˾۽һ̨ȥĻԻþŻݣ֪һͻرġ΢Ц˵

ʵߣҲǸմðѡ

ƶȴеĶˡ

ǧԪľŻݣֱ˰

ҸճõС˾ԣʡø࣬ζŻԽ

һŸ˹ǿƼǵĻ˵꣬ͼæһͨ绰ʥ꣬ģھʾҲĬĬ

صչԱһ˿ÿֵӢЦ˵ˣǵĶУ˿ɿЩƴ˴յϼ

ôĻ

ʱ򣬹˾ڵһ۸˵ĸ߾ղǶԷްǸչ췽Эһ췽ͬǻøλȥȻҪǮҼ۸񲻷ơ

ҲΪʡСǮ£ܸ˵ͬ˶Էıۡ

Ȼ쿪ʼңԱչλǸļһֺ߻˻Σ߶߶ҪȥǱߣ˷ǮʲôҲֻǽа˿ЦѣǮȥú棬Ǿɽɽ

Ŀһһۣ˿չһ죬˾Ҳû¶棬Ǽһʮа˾žȥˡ

εģʼ磬ġ

˰ɣǲҲƭƭȺ׳գȻ·ҪΪ˲չͷ˷ʱʲô

˾ĲƷμӹŷչᣬõĳĳĿ϶ԺܶС˾˵ǿԴ꼸ƭƭͶˣǲѡ

Ҳѹ˼ʮ볡ѣԱ⼸Сҵȴſȸ״֮أܿһҵ֪ߵغϴ

ֻ˵Щ˼ȡļһѹһ·ˡ

ܿ죬DAWNչͰᵽ˸ĵλã㹻ֱӰ˹

ӣǸǰפҲһӶ˲١

ֽ˼ӡϰٷϣһַԽ֣ҲԽ졣

ԻĹ̻һʱҲΪչᵱŻ⡣

磬ˣ֮ǰ̸תõALܹܣɵǵչȻ󿴵̨ǵĻ󣬿ƺͦȽĴһ

λܼˣȻ֮ǰΪȱǮĿǰ˾ȽĶ׼ת˳ȥ˾μչҲЩ˸Ĳ϶鱨ˣһ̨¶ڲṹĻ֪鷳ˡ

ǸĽ˹ԴһھֱָģҲиĽԼзģ

Цҵ˵ˣʵкĳֻϧǿϡ

ʱALԺͻҵȤǸȤǮгǼϵļ

ҪȻҲ򵥴ֱѡ˼תá

λܼĬһ᣺ȷʵһ󡣡

Ҳû˵󾿾ǾܾȨԼĺļDAWN

ҵ߶аɡ

ܿ죬вСоƬDAWNӴ

Ϲ̻ǽλ֮ǰҳ̼һҲг󣬻Ȼûб֤ʵɿԣִͻ֧һðһСչһԣҲʲôɽܵ顣

ܿ죬DAWNѾ̸˺üֻһʱᣬ˭ܲ

ֹ죬ǸһĹDAWN㵰۳ɼЦñԼȥһʴ󵥻ģ⼸ٻɽһǻ˴Ǯᵽôһ硣

Ȼ̨Ĵ͹̻е飬ȻǱνɽĺͬżǧ𣬵ȻЦõޱȡ

ʱںͷæźͿͻļǰͷһصĻְԱһĳЦֱӷһ۹ȥǸĳܸǱȣЦ֪֪һֵ̨ǮֲǸСƷ˼ȱȻء

⻰ȴһӾʹŭһｾеģһʹŮְԱԼӣɾʱչǼСȴһ󻶺˵Ҳһ

л˾Σǻװȡ̵ʱûĳתǩһͬʱ泩Ц

ԷһŵˣҲ΢Цź;֣ڴܾ쿴ǵĻϣ졣

ڳչǰѾֻֻ̨ǩúܷͬ

֮ǰŵںĵһֱ̨Ӵۣһֵİװάã൱ֻ߰ͷܼ۰˰򲻵

ˣһ̨׬ٶԪֱӰзöһ룬Ҫǰһ̨Ҳ֮ǰǮͲȫ׬ˡ

˵߿ƼǱأȻз׶ȷʵûǮҲйϵϾALʱзPAS2500ƽÿоѾдǧ

ǩõĺͬӡҲչһݣȻѸٹ˳ȥ

չܹչڼĴɽݽСһķ÷ϾҲʵʵڵĳɼ

˵ֻʣһֻ̨ڹЩ̲סˣܿ죬һ̨Ҳ˳ȥЩԤͬҲǢ̸С

Ǹˣ˭ںʲôء



ǩһԺ󣬾ͰѺ齻ˣԼֱӻعˣʵﻹһѵء

Ȼ뿪֮ǰֺ˸ͷùС˾ϻ˼ģҪͶ⼸ҡ

ʱάҲWWWϵͳûг֣ǲټѾ𽥳ͣģ⼸һҵ֣һҪץסʱչ

90ʼҵӭһֻҪܳҵɼ۶һǣȻ2000굽ﶥ㣬֮ĭ𣬵ʱ¼˵ĺʱ

2000껹磬ֻĶһֻ˼δƯڶԷǾþȼ֮ĳѧͲˡ

㶨һ˦˻İʵҡ

ǻصʵ֮ǰòһزίѧУı֤黹н

ȻûU-03ֹɻ̫һ£ǧԪĳڴ㣬кܵ棬ʵʵֵôĳɼٽ뾭ѣǾը

ȻԾ˵Ǻ߶Ը

ѧУﲻбúͽһ칦ջݣԾ˵ʵЩˡ

ѾˣȻѧãѾܾûȥϹˣΪ˰ϲû˶Դ˱ʾ壬ֻϧһƪƪذĳɹҳбѹû˵ء

ʵѹںĽѧγɼ㲻Ҳƹôһ

ĳЩֿʼ

ϾڵĿ飬Ѿþûзˡ

˵ˣѧУǸ̫ȨְϺúѧϰºãɲž˰ɡ٣Ҳ֮ǰ;ͻİӣֿʼڽʴʡ

ԴϻرԱѧУ쵼ʵһ󣬵ۼСһС¶ܼǺܾãֿƿ̹ǵԹˡ

֮ǰĳɹ̫붮Ҳ֪˵񶼴ˣҲѧУǸ֮ǰ߸ϵľȴƺһˣʱ򲻲һţѲɻѳԹײȥ



ҾãӦҪѧУ¿ǽѧķ⣬ĶͬѧһûϹˣѹǰϵѧǻҪǵĽѧҲ̫ƽˡ

ǣһҲͷͣǰ˵ǸѧУ˹ףǰ಻ҲһкüλͬѧʵңҲģƾʲô

ϵջݣ˵У쵼ϯ飬ʱǾ͵þӰǰķ

˸ͣҲĬĬͷȻЩСܲмһ˵ġ

㶼֮ӣˮƽҲһʲôɹˣ٣ҲȻ֪ԼֻǲģȻҲжԾѵġ

Ⱥ˿湻ĵġһŮȺ˵ΪʮֿߣȥѾ׼

ǸѽһŮΪ⣬ԾˮƽѧУЩСŹ֣ǰһӻ˵ϵоҪҪþǰҵأҪԸѧУϵ˵ת۾ܵʦˣְλ͡

ЩСҲһ˰ͷһŮڷ߷߲ƽ

ˣһŮЦҺһȥҲʵһвˡ

ǰһŮ֣㲻Ѿʵ⼸ͷɾˡ

һŮεЦ

ʵҴԽãԽо;Ĳֻ࣬ϧѾϿˣҶȥ٣Ҳֻʵżء

ᣬҲź;˵ãܽ˼ҵʵأϾˢĻþѣһо˵Ǵ˵Ĵڡ

ٴʴ˵ʲôɲžҲǴ˵Իѡ

񵫷۾ģ˭֪ѾԼԼΪڹͷˡ

ʵǮڽøţ˵·ȫɾܸȼѧңҲ޼

⻰ķǲ롣

ֻϧŮѧУתһȦҲûҵˡ

˹ˣ˵ѾѧУ˵رѧҲ֮һôûμӲأֵ졣

ջݼôᣬУҲûи̫ţǰ˺ü콱ѧȻЩЩǴΣڰ佱ǰѧǲ̫ġ

ĳЩ˸һ֣ΪǸѧѧԼģû뵽ȴڶʳȻġ

ʱľոջһĽ飬ܻʵȥˡ

Ͽ֣ûȥμӻ˵ⳡרΪ˱˵س׬Ǯˣ̻ѧУҲзֺ죬УＸ쵼˵òУֱ˵ؿǸѧУˡ

ǮϰԵćNɪʵҵϰľѹˡ

ݱõѧû֪ģΪԱ;ĿĳԱϵȻ͵õϢ

Ӻߣ˰ɣμʵҶʵ黮ء

ʵʽȥϵĹǿͬȥ¶Ǹνѧıþֱˡ

˵ʵ̫ˣ

ϲֻڵ飬еϲοѾˣҪõѧʸУĻҲȻ˼Դ

ٵĳɼֲϲûʸ񣬵˱Ψ²ңְͲþùȻʹǱɿ

ǣ˳űôỹûпʼ͵᳡쵼״ȥˡ

ǸұסУ쵼һ˼ĿǰһһǡҪ澮״

ԣʮ˵ǰľУУ棬ڿΣֻΪ͸ԱĹϵãõεѧǶò

쵼΢ĴһۣǾã˭ʸ

ټƼǰĹ೤ʢͬѧɼãУߣҲڿϷģӲٵˣƽʱҲŽͬѧҾȾʸöࡣ

Ǹ೤ʢٱ߸Բһͦ¶ֽ֣顣

У쵼ϳɾĻ᲻ЩѧС˼ǣǶһ䣺ͬѧܲǷļڿģ

೤ʢ˵һУڿ֡

У쵼ֳ˳飬ЦЦõͬѧǵķӦˣջݾҪʼˣȥã˿ݳ

ٻҪ˵У쵼һ壺ѧУģΪ˵Ʒ˼ľҪ֣ҾҪǵĵһʲ֯ˡ

Ҫñӣȵ϶ḻǰ

ϵԼǰ;˲ˣǸ೤ʢ磬ȴһѾˡ

ʲô೤ʢ߷߲ƽǸУһڰӾҷҪ۸̲ɡ

Ҫи֯ǿɾͱȥõλˣУ붼Ҫ롣Сǹͷɲ£𳶺ȣһġ

һҲ࣬ٵĻ侲ﻹǱŤλʱ򣬻쵼ûôһŮѧĳѾӡ

ã˹ʵң˼ĿѣҪÿ϶ȾҪá

˽˵֣ȫ֪У쵼Ѿ͵͵ðʧһʣҪҪڵдһʣȫˡ

ʱ򣬳ﱸյջ߱ôᣬڿʼˡ

ʱ΢ʮӣҪʵ̫˳֣ȵ궼ûôһ׮£ڷ˸Աְ𣬰Ϲġ

һãһҵѧȴֻۡ

û취ȱϸر֣ʲô񣬶˵Сࡣ

谵ĹǺ޲Ĥֻͷԣһĸⶼܡ

֪ıȥʱǰ೤ۼסôڲŵղѧ˻أаСʱҪа佱ʽˣȹһ¡

ллҵ֯ʵʵ͸ͷ

೤̲סЦлһͬѧӦõġ

Ľ࣬ΪǸܰŮû뵽оͦԵġ

֪ǱˣѹҲܣֲ

ôͷԵİ˰佱ʽʼԱ߼ŵĿⶼûȻֱͷԵĴ˺̨ŵ쵼껰ȥø֤Ϳˡ

Ȼǰͷһڵ

׷ʲô£Ҳ̫ģҡεĵƹ͹Ѿռע

ʱԱһŮȻ֣ݺݵһ´Ĵָ

¶Դ

ǰͷ˵°ǸŮЦһڰ˵ظǺݺˣĻȥأ˲𣡡

εģŮĻȴҲ̲ס¶Ц

ʱ̨µٺ͹೤ʢȴһ԰ס

У쵼侮ԽݣǵľԽ顣

Ѿɲžʲôɹ

ǺþöûзˮƽģҪ˸

У쵼ⷬȴȫ

ܾãǸղţƺһǳ޴顣

˶һۣȴöԷǺԼððʧʧף񽻻ʱ͵

ҲСһȴ˽쵱֮ȫ㡣

˳嶯꣬ǶˣҲ

վ̨ϣ糱ȻЩ֪ˡ

ûбù

֮ǰõȫ״Ԫڻ󣬵ǡоǲ̫һ

Կúã˶һ˴߶һûʲôѧϰţվֽϵĳɼֻǸ˵飬˹ϵ

Լõ״Ԫְȫ˴ѧԾ˵гɾ͸С

ǣͽָоֲһ

ЩѧǵĴѧ׸ıԼˣοͿģڡܾãԼҲ̲סͦ

ϲʵңϲоϲһصδ֪򣬵ͬʱҲͦϲֱϿɣڴĸо

Ŀĵƹ⣬ֵĻһҲûôˣվ̨ϣΪԼһɼ΢Ц

ˣ˵󲿷ˣҲΪĳɼеԵĸ˺ͽ

ָоܲ

̨£ǮڵԼĺ룺Ҿ˵ˣˣĸ᲻ϲֱôᡣ

˶еģҪȻҲΪһѧ̲ס԰ڡ

NɪöˣǮڶһҲܽĵãھϻͦá

ϣѧУѧУһ쵼Сȷϡ

˾ŲʮǮڻȻô˵ʮֿ϶ƢҲòˣû̫ĸҪ󣬵ǶʵҵҪܸߣǸDAWNʵұڵãҿĽټǹʵҵļҵףҲԭʵ

ǹ豸ϾһЩУ쵼Щš

ǮһЦûȥǸDAWNʵңǰһȥι۹һأҪ˵϶ǲģһɨǺնĤϵͳˣԼôȥʵǿ

ǸУ쵼ҲѧģԲ۾һնĤϵͳУ˶㣿

ǮһƲ֪Ҳʡ

Ҳֻܰװˮ

Ҫܻʵεͷ;ǸDAWNʵҡ

£ɵӶɡ

һԼƿصʵңôõҲ˷ǳĳɹ˭۰Ͱ͵ܵʵȥ㹤û߳ɹһĳǺУ뺯һ˲٣УҲṩһְپѡ

ǵӾѣڵľ˵Ҳѹ㲻ʲôˡ

ҲǮѧУѾסԭ

ôһۿɼδѧߣܲ͸ˡ

Ǯźӣ΢Ц

ͬʱܼ͹ⲨãȡͻԽչ

ʱӢڹ⣬ǿӢ䵱ʣû뵽žڹһǰͬ£ȴоһ·ͻͽԭңңȵӢ˦Ժˡ

ҪȻʵһҲڻɥȥɢɢģŵڹʶһȦԺս

뵽ûüȥأ˼Ѿʤ֡

ʵһĿģ˭Ľ涼ǼһǸݹ׶ȵĲͬвͬѡ

Ӣǰͬ¶Ƕӣһߺһ߻ҪͣŻǰˣҪȻˣսܳûˡ

տʼʱҲĹôӰĿȣǺܿͷ֣˶һĻƴǵûӽȣĿкܲĴٽãͳ׷ֲˡ

ôֻҪɹˣͨѶ߿϶󣬵ȻѡЧʸߵķӡ

ʱ˵ǱDWDMɹʵӦãһʱ͸˹ȥ

DWDMܼ͹Ⲩãøͨ׵˵һϣʵֺü˵ЧӢǸǰͬ£ģγɹ8زҲ൱ڰһ˳ɹ˰˱Ҳѹ˵Ͳˣ˳ȡͭߣΪһϢ塣

ͭƵ绰ߣźܿҪΪʷˡ

ʵۿظ飬ַеʵ¼ɸ̾

һȫµ磬ܿҪˡ

ʵĺĶԾĸп̲סЦôţô绰øһ

ʱĵ绰ҪתӣǵĹ˼õӦã绰ԱһڿܲĹͽ׳Ϊʷ

ֻЦҡҡͷ

վڵϣرḻļȰߣ˸޷һάͨ磬̶ȵĳ׸ıĽ̡

һȫͬ磬ҲһӾʷ׳ʵ硣

ֻΨһһоȷǣһ罵٣еЩƣֶܱã磬᲻иı䣿

Ҳη塣

Ҫı䶼£ʵʵǶͶʵķͺƱԵ򵥡




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124
ɽɽǱߺܿʹһĺϢ

ǵU-03ֱȥ̨, ص۲ƷףټչϿڱ˳ȥҲ˳˲, ׹Ĺ, ʼϵ޵оƬ, ϣ̨ȥ

ͬʱ, ܼ͹Ⲩ¼ϢһųȥǮŷҡ

֮ǰͺ;, Լǰ;Ĺ˾һأ򼸸Ҳ׷볡Ǯעͨš

һ, ۸Ҳ֮ˮǴߡ

ҲЩǱ߶Բ˷ŴƹٶȣһأɴרӪȨִ˳ȥ

ߵгڵĺ, ŷ޺ͱֱҹ˾, һƵĵӪ̣һ˵ļ豸, Ϊǩ۷ֳɵЭ, ҲͲչԽԽãŸࡣ

ȻǰڵǩԼѾһ൱ɹ۵, DAWNĺɰһκݺݵĹĿʴʵķȥĿԱҲ׹Ӣ, ˵Լһ̨µĸ˼ڹڵˡ

DAWNʵңҼʮʵԱȱȽǣвˣԶʫɻӢõĿĳڷֺ죬ϸϸһ㣬ҲһС֡

ѧУǱߣžļĿȻǮڵĹʵ£ʵҲԼԼ׼ֳˣģһ˳ͷ羮ǰҵͱѧУƸΡ

Ǯ֮ǰѾ;飬ϾͽˣĵĿγ٣ҪʵϰҹͬʱϵѾõϢ⼸ѧҲѾԾʱпܰߡ

ԼСײˣô㱻ͷأ

ǣѸƶ˾ǰҵԼֱƸΪڵһϵ̡

ǰҵ˵ȻܾûϿˣÿƵĿԻõ߷֣ټһϵģʹﵽǰҵı׼

Ƹε̣ȴ΢һ谭

ڴѧ山ְλҪ൱ϸһϵӲҪ󣬹о߲ʿѧҲʦĻְżУѧǸӲש

һڵıѧҲԱҪǿԼѧУ˲ŵķϣ˵õһʦְλǿ

ڸڣҲҪȵԺܿǣȻҪڼʲô׿ԽĳɹȻҲƸΡ

ܽĸУԾԼ˵úҲͨڣǱϢϵָűһֵͨУУİ壬Ƹ˾ڵͷΡ

ĳɹһҲУ˵ձҵʺһӷ̫ߵλϣһҲǡˣ˵ٹһ꣬һˡ

У֮ԺԥվڵϢϵϵεķϣҪѾ˵Ŀпܱص㹥Ŀ

һǸҼѵбֱ󣬶ҸҪǣĲشĿ֧֮һʮͷոջǰҵʸıŮΪ̻ҵ쵼ߡ

ǹڶУһĿĹؼ˲ţټЩνĹأԵùظˡ

ǣھûнĴ֮ǰƸѾ׼ˡ

ĴҲûз̫๦׼ֱͷһƪ˲̬ȫϢΪҵģֳҲһƬ¾ãʼڻͼĵľϸϺ֣̽̽Ż룬Ͻڣ̲ס¶һЦΨһпģҲֻǮãҲѹԽˡ

ǰҵϢϵͬѧҲ˵ʲôζ

󲿷˲ǲһǰ;޵δţãֻϧʵ̫æˣտʼ꣬ϿΣһҲǴҴȥϿεĽڶ䣬ǵ˴Żμ٣רҵԽԽ࣬ϿˣƽʱΨһдڸеʱҲֻԺϵֿʼۣ˼ƪţƵ֮Ļˡ

೤һ£뾮һηҲȫͬѧꡣ

⼸쾮ֱϵʵҲøһ䣬룬ˬĴӦҲͬѧǴǮǮҳһپǡ

˵Է˶ˬĴӦˣҲôһˣֵҲ˵ԥ飬ȻƵġ

Ϣóģԥһھܾˣҿɲڷ

Ȼ󣬵ȴ̫㣺ԷΪҫԼǰҵʲô˵ģҿɲϡ

һͬѧûôĿֻ˵ԼҪдģҲûʱȥԷ

ԱһѧЦĿһۣдĲȥ̾˼ⷽúܡ

Ǹͬѧֻߺ䣬죬ǹԼԼ˵Щʲô

˵˳УֱӾͳ˸ڣģȻ־ֻԼöѣֻҪһᣬԺĳɾ;ԱȾҪߵöࡣ

Ȼ⻰Ҳֻ͵͵һ£֮ǰһܺɻ˵

Ǹʲô˵ģΪ£ٶԹˣ˻һһ˵ԼԺ϶ܵڣѹһͷһ侮Ժ϶޵òãŵӣ˵ᱻԺɷݺһ˵Ҳô

˵˴˹Ц濴ʵһ졣

һߣϵĸҲǱ;

˲٣ѧУСʳúǿ¡

˴һ𣬸տʼЩִ٣ǼһݵĹϵϱ˲٣͵ĴѧӱҲ˼׽Ȼм˻󷽻ִٵͼ;ϵԺ÷ϵ

Ҳ߲ܣչ֮ǰȫûչֹ͡

ͬһͬѧȷʵܳȥһأĴѧǶУĴѧδʮ꣬мúþӪϵҲûʲô

ȻûģҲںϾҶ˲ϲ˲ϲҲûʲôֵġ

͵͵˵ĳЩСҲЦЦС󣬾סֶ˷ʱ䡣

Ƹܿͱ˹ȻתȥǱ߱

ǱУıҵתܼ򵥣ֻĹˣµǸԱ֪˲⣬ԼҲԼðʧ˼Цֻ˵ô꣬ûпУձҵıֱӳΪڵء

ҲֻЦЦ

Щ죬ֹһ˶ô˵

ƸڵְλѧУǶһѹģͬϵѹҲС

ֻоɼܰеĻɣȫڽ£

æԼ˽£»صʵҡ

꣬Ŀѹ˲ûмŷ

Ϊ£ĿĽڶܵɣ˶Ц鰵ͶΪˢĲŽһĿ飬ȴһƪڵĶˡ

ǣֻĿڲĳԱ֪ʵڱء

⼼ڲҪɹˣȸߵ̻ҲС

ڹȻżʵңܿ죬Ҫ




125  125    

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ALʵ, 챻ͷѹѹˡ

λҰĵ˾ҲԼ˾ԪзĻ, ûþͱ̵²Ʒˡ

, ˼ҲԼļ, ڹ߳ΪĻ

ȻԼȨȥ, ǸܼҲѾΪְ, гܹǱ˹ȥ˲ܵǣǵĻܣȻȲǸߣ

, ѹͱѸٴзš

һʮĶңƾʲôʵЩȫǹʶѧҵ, нϰоԱ, ĳɹ

ǵȻԸϣֻܵǶԷˣƭǵļ, ͵͵һء

U-03ֻֻ̨, Ҷ׹ǱߵоƬȥ˵ʼˣʵҽӴֻʵѾ˳, Ҳ˲õϢʼ˷ƽ⡣

۵ģȻǴȥĶ׼ϵͳ

ΣǹԴˡ

Ӧ÷Χ, ۿɼоޣʵҲѾʼоȻ𲽣Ȼӵо޴ơʵڲôõġ

ȻӴǹӴ㣬DAWN̻ӦѾѹԴϵͳ˼£ҪȻôõݱ֡

ǣǻзеPAS5500ⷽıҲ

õĹԴϵͳпҲǴļҹ̻ȥģʵҵĸ˲²⣬G-AѾòҼǵڹԴо飬˵Щ˾Ǵ򵽵ļ

ȷʵһֺܴķʽһоԱҲ˵ֻϧѡҵ

ͨں̵ܶʱƴճĲƷھ£ܼһҵ

ֻϧоƬҵҵͬĦɺܿͻͶȡߣڳɼϲ˼ȡߣԺݺݵĽѵ

ÿһܣԽԽоƬߴԽԽϸƳ̹գһܿܣֻܱ̭Ĳпҵ˵ͷõҪôսԹԳʣµĲиˣҪô׬һƽѡ

оƬҵǱг߾һСطҲֻһҵ档

Ͼ̻зҪͶʵ̫ˣҷÿ궼зãҪ豸ɱһСҵܹܵġ

׬ȡ㹻ĳ֧ž͵ٶȣκҵ߲Զ

ǼûʲôĻ˾ȻҵAL۴ӺзʽǶ˲ŵ˵Եøо

ǶоѾȡ˿ϲչǸоԱĶͷ˵ֻҪ꣬ʱ䣬ʵҾóʱĻʱ200£ͽȫ

ǹ˾ȫһĹ̻ʹΪԴõĶ׼ľܴϵͳȻи

ǵԤںܺãҿʵֵĿҲ൱

ֱDAWNԼ山ʵصģʼڸڿˢ

Լ395׼оLEDƱLEDʵûо

һϵĺճʵңѾѳɹʮ꣬ȻһԵһѸͣʵҺ޷Ӧء

ǣһؾŶôˢҲ겻ѡ

һε𺳻Ŀʷٴݣֱҵڵ˶𾪲ѡ

һǰ׹LEDͼȫϢһأLED˲̬ȫϢĸϸо紫ԣ˵ǸĻоûжԣϲȥĴš

ԣĳɹһһУ˳ɹʱ̣ҲûôԽˡ

ǣALʵңȴǲ۲۵جġ

ЩĲû͸¶̻ĺļ۵ҵ˶̻ܿҲʱ⡣

Ҳ꣬ܵʱάȣӦǰ꣬¡

ҪȻǲܰЩɹ󷽷İڳʱû˻ǸɵӣԼһɵϡ

ԭALʵоԱֵķ֣ǵĽȣƺѾԶԶԭѹȺˡ

ǰһȻǾԷģĴߴ٣оԱҲֻܿĿİͰ͵˵ꡭһ꣬ЩģӦܴоȣҲܸԭͻ

ǣشֱ׵⣺ԷԭͻҪ

иɣ̨ģ֪ΪʲôôԭͻܿҪˡ

ǵԤûд

һ̨̻ѾDAWNоƬɢĹâ

һּµĹҵ֮

ֵϻӰ˾ȣܿźıԹҪƳС200ڣŻҪµʱ䡣

Ѿܺˣ̧̨ۣu-03˲ٵĴһ̨µ̻Ȼ֮ǰϰߣΪUV-01ڵľܻеȱڻЩܹ263׵ĻѾܳҵԤˡ

СߴƳ̷棬ԲƬӵоƬＯɵľԵ׵öࡣ

֮ǰӢԲΪʷu-03ѾԲߴӵӢ磬̨UV-01ԶԶʱİӢԲоƬ

ԲԽ󣬼ѶԽߣɱҲԽͣԱͳɱ󣬲޵оƬҵ˵ֱѹơ

̨׼𣿡˵DAWN׹Ӷһ۾˵ܹ˾µ޼ʺ˹Ҳһʱʶӵпʱ»

ǵĶֶɪɪ۾˵㹻Ļ

ǵģԼǼǲ

̻ܵԼʵ̫ˣͻĻǾͷ

չľͷȻѾʼ˹ѧзǾľͷǿϸֹĥһģһҹķչͬҪܳʱ䡣

УǶȣȣҪǧٱĳԣҪʱ͸ˡ

ֱӹļ޷ӦãΪһ㻷𣬶ԾͷĹȲرӰ죬ǣظǧٱʵ飬Ȼͷ

Щڵϸ΢֪ʶ޷ͷڣֻʱһٻɹһ֡

һҰѧĵڣǮڶʱ̲ࡣ

ȫûа취ȻҲǡ

ľչǧ꣬ǲʮ꣬ͱֱѹȥڴ½ݺᣬȻεˡĻ֮¡

ƼǵһԺųֺֻ۴ĥĸ߾ȹѧƬҲһ

ڣҪǸõļӹգܵĻԼ㹻ϷչҪĹҵ

̻죬㼯ִҵļǳϵɹģģָ߿ƼҵΪر⿨ӣǾƱҪڹڷչļ

Ըʮ꣬µȻùෳգȻʱǺܿ죬ͻᷢչһǿޱȵĹҵޣӵȫȫĲҵھ򣬶ȡѹԵơ

ⲻϰ

ΪһѧԣܴԼǳ̬Сѧճ֪ʶΪѧ׼ѧϲ̬ڿϣҲһ

Ƽչʱ򲢲ϸʱǰߵģżͻͽһʱͣͲǰǳ̬һߣҲܹٽһҵزҵͻͽܹԵķչ

ܹ׬ȥҲᣬǮһ̶ȣпĽҲһֶѣ̫Ĳ

صģߵб

ѡ˲ţľѣѧ׷

νѧڴʱ򲢲ʲôôʣ¢ϣռԴܹС˵ķBossҲڻɫıԵ

ǹףֻѹեѧͼıɹĴģѧҪͬһĳɹϣȾָ߲εԴ䡣

ٶլ˯Ҳֻ˯һŴϣʵҵ豸ǶǮõġ

ҵ߹·ߣΣҲһоԱˡ

·ʾȤȻҲֻѧΰĿŬǰ

ʵϣٹ꣬ڹٲȻѾѧһ׷ѧôԼһǰͷ¶нأҲҪŸţҵĹ˳ֵ豸зõĲϣ˳㻹мĿҵʵҵļʵ顣

ҪȽĻָӶԾ׷޾μҪջ׹ĻװѹѧͷƣиõĹ̽ϸĤ棬Ҳȶļȵȵȵȡ

Ǳ̫࣬ǹڻЩĵõġ

ĻеƲǾó򣬵оƬػʹԣи߶˵ػоƬ

оƬǣоƬĻ

ػϵ𲽲Ϊԭ򣬵˰ʮѾ׷ϹķչٶȣǣȵĻڰ뵼巽棬ۻеڵ˲źͼʵ

ʮʵһܲ׷ʱ

żӲķչԶ̶ȸߵػѾΪڻǴַʽչ׶Σȣܺ͸ϳ̶ȣûĳ̶ȡ

ҲζţڵĻҵʱ׷ûʮʮôࡪȻҲֻ΢һѣǮʡ١

ڲȱǮ

̻ͼȫϢȻѲƣÿǹ̶оѾͳǧԪҪĸ豸ͬһ۵֧

ǣǮ·Ҳ㹻ࡣ

̻Ѿ˶ʮ̨ȥȥѾֻ̨˶𣬵ΪзѺɱԶԼľֵͣ۲ߣҲԶҹ̻ߡ

LEDѾ׿˷˴ģ⣬ɱҲѾƵһԽܵķΧȻҼһĵزŷݱܻĵڣЩڹ԰LEDܵƣЩгġ

˵ƹҲʮ˳ԴԴķֺҲᣬڰŵ绰ĽһռҲӭһıڣǸΨһ絽ĺˣͲعһףλҲǸвסģܼⲨԼ¼ڵֳ̿ؽۿɼֽسһƬСг

ǳεģֻҪǮС

룬ȻȶΪṩĽΨһûȶӯǼҷز˾ǰʮֻǹڷزѿڣıʮԺ顣

Ͱ᰽õƤĻᣬ˳˼ƶĿѲ࣬ЧȴܲףھȳԵˡ

ͬʱһɽǾǱŹصĿķ֡

κо˵ⶼ㹻Ҹ飬ҪȻĿҲΪ˴ƹӣֻΪԼǰôһ

ͷܻЩӬӪ飬ǶԾ˵Եʵѹ˽ϾڶڿϷµ˻٣ܹȶˢͻģû

ζкܳѧʢڣЩ˥ѧǣ㲻ΪԼ㣬ܻòԼѧϵһº⡣

͸Щ˽ԾųĹػͰԸһ̵ѧˡ

н絽ǱȽϵĵطѵʱ伫ԣţǻǸʹǱоߣܰһѵʱһҲ̫Ϊѡ

߷ּϳľѣȻҲþŷչһ

һ֪ĿѾڼǰرգ˻ڣҲУҪģҲǳľѺͼֶ֧ѡ

ߣöȱңһʮֺʣǾǶδչĶ졣

ǡãڻиˣųɶ֣Ź

λϹʦǣͷչһҹԵĵػоҲô顣

˵׼ػĿҵһͶʾͳǧλڿҿһӵϹʦͨ죬ųɶĻ˵ǲֱӾȥ

Ȼ˼ҾͲ˼˵Ȱ裬ˣֱ˾ǡ

˼ҵκͼᶨʮָжϵĵӣҲøˡ

ܲܽλԹػһӵ˼ңٴʧɡ




126  126    ˲

126
Զ̶Ȼߵ, ൥ֺֹۣ㲿ʵҲܴﵽܸߵˮ׼

ϵĹѧƬרĥƬĽָ, ܹȶྻȼߵľƬ, ߰ʮİ˼ʮ, ҲܿϾɵֶ, ô临ӵṹ

Ǽʮ󣬻еԶȫȡֺ;, Щվտʦʮֺˡ

ԣȻŰ˼ʮһĴĥƴ޷ʵֹģǽ㵽һ, Ѷȴ

ĳѾĹֱһֳ̨ɵĻ, ǰ꿿ż󹤴һȺСͽ, ֹе㲿˿Ϸ, Ჿľȷȹ󼸰ĻҪ, ϧֻһ̨ܲôģȱûĹؼϵͳ

ôһ̨ĴڣЩ, ͸ǼҳӰѻ˹

Ź̨Ҳ̲סݺᡣ

ǰ˼Ҳμӹ̨зǸӵʮ, ȥѾˡ

뵽ˣֻаζ㼯һҲ֪Ǳϲ

ȻΪЩȥϻƶѾûˣĿɢһۡ

ϲΪǵ᲻ȥִؼһ졣

ռʱŹ;СѾͷܲһ㣬Ҳ벻֮꣬ȻۼѾͷؿĿԼüС

Ϲͷͳ׽ʹˡŹ֣ضԾ˵

Ҳֻ˵ң˵ԼһǣͷˣĻзҲࡣ

⻰ǫ顣

һǰݿΰ˲ͬ·ԽԽҲԽԽխ

ʢѧϰҲǿֻЩ򵥵оƬƣ漰ָӼɵ·ֻУȻ㡣

Ҳ⽫еҪͷ

Ŀ꣬ǽ̻зУе豸ϵ⣬Ȼ˳ܰѱջ׹׽ͷྻȲԼܲ⣬Ǿ͸ˡ

Ͳȱ˲š

DAWNֿʼƸзԱ

DAWNҲһڿнСȦﴫˡ

һеĲǹģǻеƺͼɵ·ƣŷص˲ţûʲôصļһѧϰרҵѧ١

ܶѡڹ⣬Ҫԭǿл͸˴⣬ǣڵĴãоҲʱ򣬲˻ҲԸصԼ

ϾһڳԵģҲܸ˳һЩ

ĥţ˻ڼδĴţæҪһ㹻ɫ˲ִ֣Ҳɲ١

ǣһܱߵǣﲻٻڹڵĴţҪôͻСҪôڹؼλҲȾָϡ

Ψһָǹѧ

Ҳ˼ҾԸԸѧУ·鷢˸飬ܺ弸弸ܹ鲻



鲨ѾЩˡ

ǱƱҵĹһֱĶϵͳĿҪʿҵˣʦΪͣǰԼʵо

鲨ûǹعǰԼй뷨ǵػĿرԺ˼ͳϨˡ

ô飬ܻɹϵģԹڵѧ޷ء

Ҳһòǵķ棬ﲢԣ»һܵһãǺܻĺӣҪѡߣɲ٣ԺҲиӦ

ֻҹλصʱżſСӣ

ʱ鲨͸ҪŬ̿ѧһԼŬ뵱Ⱥ˳ʵҵϰļֵ

ң鲨ڿ츳ʮֲʵҵļʮУʵ˼·ǾԵٮٮߡ

챾ǸֵصӣΪõʵҵƸ飬ֻǩ˺ͬܳΪְоԱнʮԪɹж⽱

ʦεʵҵˮƽףͼҵҲкεĺ˲ҪһСʵңʱľ⣬Ҳܵλһݺù

ʦǽӵһĿȻû͸¶Ƿ涼ʾʦʵҼһľġ

鲨ҲĦȭƣڴԼܹס͵Ļᡣ

ֱʱ֣յһţһ죬ȴһ˵

ǴӹڼĹģ˶дֵַһİĵλ

ŵĴعػоŵǷ񣬱ߵнˮһأǡ

ʲôЦ鲨Цһӽֽ

ҪǴӻعЧ֮ĽǶȲ֣ǸʵұнˮⲻǿЦ

Ҳ֪˭ôĿֹЦһţʷѿɲˡ

鲨һ̲סⲻ֪ĳּ˻ԥһ£ڳ

ȻЦʵеɣȷŰɣϾҲǴӹڼĹģ롣

˱һ£鲨ûа̫ϣֱӵһͬԹڵѵĵ绰

ڵ뺯ǵģյһ⣬ǲǿЦʮнӷֺ죬ôôߵļۡΪȻĻش

ԣ׼ԭʵҵƸˣϾãϤ׳ɹȵȣ˵ǸʵҵϰǾ

鲨һŵ绰һֻŻŵĿʼ

ʵĿҺ±˳ǸЩİĵλȷʵһDAWN

ǣ

绰ͷڱƱ߶߶鲨ȴѾˣֻһ䡰һҪٿһ¡ʹҴҹҶ˵绰

֣ڻѧȦﲢİ

ȻĺԼһ򣬿ɵϰˢĵģˢƪĿԱġ

˵ǸͲŮ鲨Щɣһоߵ𣬶ЩѧҲЩôScienceNatureˢĵʱ򣬾ǸԶŰ˸ߵȵĽΣ΢΢ͷ̬ȿ΢ͻһ㡣

ǣϵԼʲôоҪڹ

鲨ְѾ֮ǰĶ˳һ顣

µĳɹ̻

鲨ԼǸϵͳģԼɵ··չҲúܽҪæ׼ӦƸҲôҪġ

̻Ƴ̸СоƬλɵľҲ͸ű࣬ζŸĴٶȣӵĴЩϵͳͬҲǳҪ

Ҳ֪ʲôʱܳɹӦÿ˰ɣ鲨£DAWNʲô

ٴΰĿͣƪLEDӦõϣҡҡͷ

ϣ̻Ҳ˵һֻǹ̻ĺǹԴ;ͷػĺŷͿϵͳ̻ķչ϶벻߾ȵػػҲ벻̻оƬһ

ǹףϾһ£ԽߣԽ׿С

ǸԷнģҲûҪðְҵա

нۼһȺˣͬʱҲһɱ쳣пҵÿһо߶񱼲ܸʱǰٶȣΪɹ·;ͱ̭ģʮ֮оš

鲨Ϊ̭ǲҲζţһʱ䶼˷ѡ

ǶԼרҵǰһ߰ʱ䣬ܱܿԼͬ٭˦οʦʵҲܽġ

ǺȴһֻƤСèצһֱӡ

գ鲨ǵֵסջִͨԼڹڵʦܵĵ绰

ֻǸ˽һ¹ڵѣ룬϶ǲܽġ

ϣعĵ绰ƺǰ˲٣鲨ûϸ΢ĲĵģDAWNʲô

鲨ʦܵҵʱѡУĸУĽʦ˵ҲĽ͸пΰ롣

鲨ʱȷϣһͱԼС߰ŮǰõƱҵ֤ͱѧУֱƸ˸ڡ

ҪǣѾʵҵĸˣƹڵľѣʵҵĹ̶ʲҲڶס

һ˵Щ֪ٵĴţ鲨ʦֱܼǲضزסĽʡ

˼˸λٷԼҲֻ˵˱ˡ

ȥһ鲨̲סʣʵҡǲ׼Ŀ

ҲϵˣʦڷӦˣڹⲻѧģϵҲвĿ˵ѿɲ٣ǸʵңǸʲôʲôһģ˲˹ȥȻûбƣǼܲסʺͽ߰

鲨ʦܶҵڻеϵܾϵȷʵС

ʦǲǿҵˣǱ߻׼ع

鲨ڹĴѧȫһҪԸعҲһڵǣְƸٸߣҲǿ̸

ɲ˭Ǹһܸ㵽ôྭѡ

ǣҪһʵͷţҲ

ɷϣ鲨΢Ķһ¡

Ҳֻһ¶ѡ

Ͼ˼ҲǹĴţ߹ϵ

ʵҸĿ飬ôܱԵ

鲨Цҡҡͷ

ڶȥʵҵʱȴֳ˵״

ʦܱǸĸ˵ְͬ΢һ⣬Ҫһǩ

ʱ䣬ͬĿѸ͸¶ԭǵʦĿ漰ĳЩҪϢΪˣ̫ʺϲС

Ȼֹ죬ʦֱǸĸͬǵʦȻǳѧҲĵıʾԸһʵҡ

鲨ŵʦ΢һ´ȻЦлʦƼɫƽһֽ뿪ˡ

뿪ǰ˽Ʒϸİ칫ұ̬Ȼºͣ鲨ȴһֱڰ·ܸ߳С

ʦûʳԣܿͰƼһλҵڴţƼд磬ͬʱԼ¼ֳֵź

Ƽź͹ڵŷһʱ򣬲ɷϣ鲨ԥ

һԺ䣬·ɻɵľǡ

ƮϤζе

ûѡ֮ԻصطɻһˣҪۿߵ

ϣǮ˷ѡ鲨룬һֱȻǵ߳˻

һͿȺ˾дֵֽƣһ߹ȥ¶Цʿɣڴþˣ

ǿŽСγģڹȻѰ鲨֪Ǹϡ㣬Ӵгһۿ

ǵһ´ĴָʵҾ֪ˣȻֻǺڣҲ˵¹豸ٻ˺üԪ

֣˵ء

鲨豸ǹʵңĿ飿

ɲЦػʵǶȥģѺ豸ǵͬһ¶ѡ

Ҳ˵ûбƣ鲨ʦ˵Ļ

ǣȷʵýϾĹ˾˵ĻشҲܳǵĴð

ӴԱ˵ֻҪǩ˺ֱ̨ͬãͬʱһʵҸҡ

ĴҪֱӸ̸˵ܹ鲻ͷ

鲨ֿһ۴֣룺ʵֻҪʵҵȹһЩҲǲܽܵģϾ㹤ʵһ㣬ǹڵˮƽҲ͡

һСʱĳڼǸ˵е͹Ȼò毺ãǻǹƣȴʦҲࡣ

ʿȴȥʵңżɽûа㺮ѣȴ鲨»

ϲԣʵҲʹİλʿ

ʱ鲨ֻǸʮĲʿҵ˼ƪģƿɳ¡

ֻо֪λȴԺϵͳִţڹһҶʵңҲǾ˽׺رڱ־ϵ

ȻҲ벻λôĶعҲӰʹһֶץסᡣ

׵Ĵʵľѣ豸иԵо΢бƽϣݺݶӼ롣




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ػʵȫ³ﱸʵ, ȻΪʱж̣ܶ豸ûҲǧԪ, Ҫлвٶֻ, ûҪࡣ

Ȼ, 鲨һӵ豸, һɹԼ֧ľѶȣ۾һ, Ҳˣͨ͵ļϵͳƽֱ̨Ӿʣ׼PCƽ̨Ƕʽϵͳˣ

ȴֱҡͷ·Ҷ׼

ػǶʽϵͳ, һڵƬϷչļ·ߣϵͳͼ豸Ϊض;רзģרǿ, Է, ϵͳӦó򶼱Ϲ̻ضӲ

ϵͳĺôǣΪֻضӦ, ׾Żٳɱ, Ҳò

ȻҲԣԿӲʵҪ󶼺ܸߣҲϴĶӦ÷ΧȽխ

, Щ΢ͼչPCƽ̨ȫһ׼·ˡ

ͬǶʽϵͳӲ˿ϷĹϵPCϵͳӲǷģͨϸԻص㷢չ, ɶȸߣǶҪܸߣӦٶȸұ㹻ʹ

ʮΣ㲻Ҫδ֪ҲвʶPCƽ̨ƣʼ

ȴܶԺ󣬼Ѿõ˼ǵӦٶȣƬٶȻʤһǶʽϵͳķչǵûʽ΢Ŵķչһͨ˵УֻһǶʽ豸PCƽ̨翪ʽCNCڸ߶ػͬӦ÷ǳ㷺

ȱһɣͬƶػĴչ

ͬʱչ鲨΢΢ü

޷ȷ·õʱȫALLȻǵѡǣôǮ𣿸Ҫǣֹ

ʵѡĿɲǹҼңı߶ǶǧʽͶ룬ʽۺĿҵȫALLѡʱҲҪɺܾá

¶һڴǮû⣬Ҳǹ Ը룬ֱһPCĿ顣

ŷ͵ƬѾҵ˲ѡͲPCƽ̨ˡ

ڹڣDAWN˲ŵѾھްԼˡԶͬ٭Ĺʺ͸ľѣҪԴԴĳɹʵҼֱоԱ԰Ȼûбȷʵе㲻㣬ֱӾַܷӣ

һ׾ǵķӣҲȥ

ŷһ飬һѧĽʦ˿̫˵ҲûѧǾȴ֪λõ˳ѧߵͷΣҲһͷţӡ

ƬǱҲǺһѧ˽ΪƬרһعҵɾͬ͡

ȻҪպĳɾͣԶ׼鲨оá

ҪԸĻһϣܳеʵҸεְȻΣػѧҲֻܰҾѣ˶ѣʵԺҾǻڹʵҡ˵

鲨һ㶡

Ҫ˵ͷݣǿ϶ǿˣ鲨ﲻûд

Ȼʦʵһв࣬Ǽ緶ΧڣʵҵĹģ˵Сˡ

ΪһʵҵҪˣκһ־оԱԣ޷ܾջ

鲨ϾǸˣȻͬĻˣǿסһת棺ҡҪǿǡ

鲨һ㣬صĻƱʵһʴǮѾܶûлعˡ

ΪDAWNصķãʵѾܹ쵽ƵĲ˵ҪõȶнԺ󣬲ûǮ

ԣ뿪DAWNԺ鲨Ⱦǻһϼҡ

鲨ǿǾˣȻھаԶһսûϳ

ԶӵͻȻлϲɸĻǾȺ͵ġ

ö˶ڹ׬ǮĶӣôͻȻͻأ

ȴûת˼ľˣ˳ȥǴ⡣

鲨ǼĽСʱǰéȥ׬㣬Ǽѵ̸ʣ鲨ĸǸˣһǣԼӿɲͷϴӵģ⺢ȥо׬ǮĿѧҡ

˵عһʱ˵ģҲϸס

ûã㽨裬µǰ̡ϣϸ׶žƱ鲨Ļһ㶣ѾҺֱӵЩĶҲڹڣܱȸЩⱰϥĺã

鲨ĸ˼ϸ壬ʶӣͷǲίˡ

ڱ˵ĵطܲίģ׺һѾƱϣϾͷǼҲǴ̵ģ֪Щ˼ĿܰǵԼˣ

鲨ĸɷһ£ⶼǶϻˣڿɲʱ˵Щ

ײм浱˵ûˣ

⻰ʹ˴סˡ

鲨ĸʶڹҵʵĹûУǹʵЩҲµģǰĻǮﶼûô곧ЧȻЩܻݹʷš

˵Ѱ飬鲨ۿȴˣӲ۾ҹѾϵˣǰ˲٣õǮ顣

ϣ鲨ĸĸڴϵʱﰵصĵ¶˳鲨ǸҪǿˣϴδ绰ʱ˵׼ʦģͻȻ˶ί

ίҲ˵Ǯܹãб£̫ܲġ鲨ĸ׿οӡ

ǲ֪ݻô˵鲨ĸ̾

£ĶǱˣӹɾԵûʲôˡ

ܱ˵ʲôƨһ壬ǰҲû˵Щǲּ˼Һõġ

˵ʵ鲨̣ҶͷŪǷǣ˭ȻȲǼң˼Һӳɼˣͼģ⺢ӻ᲻ΪӣҪǳɼˣ鲨˵Ժ϶ڹⲻһӣɱ

ܹûһû

Ȼֹ˰£鲨Ϣ֪ϢǸСӣӹˡ

ͻȻܻɱʲôΥ£СֵĽУ˵ܵÿˣһ鶼Ҫεģ鲨飬ɱ𷴶°ˣ

֪Ǹʲôˣ鲨ĸҲ˵ľսģôᣬǼҺ鲨ǸʵˣЩ¡

ҪȻô˵ͻˣڲǮһֲϣһֻӳⷽ٣һտĲЧ涼ãܹ˵ҲˣȥѧУʦҲûǮԼĽö׬ǮȢϱˡ

˵ϵʱ˵ˣ๩ӶôʲôãҼҴ⣬ɽһһһ²һɲҪϺüأ

⼸ǵٶԽԽ죬ԪȻǸ˳۵š

ҪҲĻҾͰȥʺ鲨磬˵ȱأ̼ϲܲҲұ֤Ҽǵú鲨ǸİɣҶҲԿڡ

鲨ĸòͣ뿪ڸ˵ʱ򣬺ȻСŮ¥˵ˣһƯС˵ǳԺǼҵأ

һ㶣æ¥ȥ

СǵصصݳƷһҪϺСҪ飬ʱͣ¥µģȴĽڻ˵һˣλ򲻵⳵ΣҪģ

鲨Ĵ̶Ȼһ۾С⻬ƲĿˡ

ֳͶϽֵʱ򣬶Ľָġ

㿴ڵĵ¹ЩʳɲһҪʮ򵽣ԺҪһⱲӾֵˣ

ڣⱲӶֵ˵ĳȴձ鲨˻˵ʲô⳵ԺǼҵˣ

̵촽⶯£¶ŵЦǵλĳɣô㹫˽أҪǱ˼ٽҷˣ˵ҪӰ졣

鲨һۣЦǹʵ˲ĽողŹҵġ

ȵֵĳ̯ͷֿ鲨ۺ첻ѡ

ǲģ⳵㣬Ҫ۶깤ʰӲܳԲãҪװͣ˷Ѱ

鲨Ҳ̵֪ĵԣûٴǶԸĸ͵˵ʵһһ׷ӣңطúܣƺԺȥֱסǱߣ㲻١

鲨ĸĸ̲סЦⵥλĴǺãǺá

˼һӸôǮİˡ˲Լ鲨Ĵ̻ŬѰҴڸС

鲨ЦЦΪúðɣöˣͦ׬Ǯġ

鲨û̸ղŶԼĸ˵ĻǴСλϲԼ˵ľǣôʲôԺҲǸһϹôʱ䡣

鲨̵˲Ϳһӻϲϲ³ȥ·ӣûס˶ţŤȥѰһҼģŪȥˡ



ȵ鲨ҲʵǩְͬһǱߵ̯ӳɹ˦˳ȥ

鲨Ҳ⾮Ȩ֮죬û뵽ʹ󷽷һ̯ӽԼ

ʵ˵ȲŹʸ󣬰չڵĹԭҲȥ

ұϾʹˣʻУҪȺˡŹܻȨҲûʲôȤĵĻػĹĿ

ʵҲˣõ鲨ѹѹס⡣

ʵϣսʵҵʱ鲨Щĸġ

Ź˼ݽ˲Ŀ⣬ĿĸˣһֻǹڶѧĽʦûк⾭һͱԼС꣬оҵѧܣʵҵҲ̫ãû֪ʵҴ

֮£鲨ͺһزֹ֮ǰֺܵõʦУٴĿҲѹЩ

ܿͷ֣ʵﻹǲԻûô򵥡

ǸѧܹĿҷӦ죬˼άĻԾ̶ȣ鲨СӱԼҪǿ֡

ǸûкѧĽʦҲǿù֣Ǹģ⼸ŷרУ΢źŴоչ˽̶ȣ鲨ҲЩ硣

鲨Σʶ˲ˣһҪǿˣҲԸ˺󣬸οڻʵҸεְλ͸ݲһ˿иˡ

ȻѧƯʿȻҲǸ綥ʵҽ꣬ĿӦ֣Ǹ˲ĺݽɫ

DAWNˣҲлϸɸѡܽĶδܳɳΪҵĴţûһҰĺͽȡģЩԺҲ߲Ǹλȥ

ȻȻ˭׷˭ҸϵģܿʵԾ

Ź˽;˵µʱ̲ס֣ҲּɣϾĸʵϰ壬᲻ϲֵŬأ

ֻϧдûһ͵ģʵʵļ׷ϣһҲ̫ãֻܿһȺŵоԱþҳ

ڵľǮټϺƭδпԺڽɹˡ

һ̨ӹģ㱻˳

ϵͳ£мӹרڼӹ棬ԾǷ

ȻʮѾз豸Ͼǹڵһ

죬Ź˵ӣŲӯ˲٣˵Եʮ㣬һ˼ʮꡣ

̨йزţȻһϸ˲٣Щ֪ĸλӿǼ£ʵҵľҲ˱ҪѪˡ

˵ţһܾɹġ

Լıջ׹ˣҲڿϣ⡣

UV-01ѾʽгտʼֻʮֽţǺܿͷ֣DAWNвСˡ

ؼԭ򣬻ڲϡ

һʮ̨ĳ㱻죬Ҳûжв

̻ģ׻Ǿͷ

ʮͷǾ˴ŸģѲƣ˲˼ǵ͵гͷѹҲȽŷĿͻڶһȺˣҪ۸߲˵ѵĩβо˲

ǾǸˣ˾棬ŰǸ㵽㾵ͷҪȻ̻һƳֱӿ촰Ҳǲܵ¡

Ļˣڷ飬ʵһص㹥ػ׹⡣

׹Ⲣʲôĸ澫׹Ҳüˣڵ׹⾫ȻȲɫֹȽĹ˱ȣҲЩࡣ

ؼǴԴĥЧƣ˵ҾҪټһļоߣѹʵʱ֪ĥѹĴС

鲨һʱü룺ҪǼһԡ

ڹ״ȫ綼Ƕ⼼ȻֻǶһоߣڲٿϵͳҪȴʼμ

УǴӲҳԣȻʵֳĹ̡

˦תͷֻصԼʵҡ

̻ķչҲ˱ݣȻѾɹ200ףǿ193ϣôͻƲˡ

ǲֻܼüԴпܣܿĦȭƣغþˣȲⱦųȥŻˡ

ȴҡͷ

ļ̻ĻнʮĻԾڣ϶ûô͵Ｋޡ

ĲҲֻ193ףߣѵҲ̲ϸĺۼˡҲ塣

ԹоŷǱѰȤڼȫϢ⣬˳㻹ɱĿõķֺൽѾ˲ںǮľ磬ֻһһУܳеȤ

϶취ţԼļãʵ벻ϸˡ

ϱ̻صݿ϶ԶԶ̻ģϡӡ̻϶Ҳǳɹģֻϧô벻ˡ

ʵûУҲǿ󣬶˼ʵ֣ͼһͨ绰ܾϲ˵ְˣҦΪԭ򳹵¶ʮ꣬ͳŮҳ£ûһ顣

ϴεĻ֣´ųɹɹѹأһʮƯķ̣״ԪгǵûóȥڹʳͷѽΣ֪ٴ¸ߡ

дҵĵ۸ҲûзȻ۸ǱȷſǰЩҲûһֱȥɹ۸ȵ׵ʱչ˴ԭϣӸҲΪ۸ʹɱеʱ׬һǵǮһһһ

񣬳Ծ¶Ͷأڹ˼ҪҦˡ

ˣҲû˿Σºͣ˳ǸЦģֻżֶΣԳ

ô绰ʱҲȻǸˮĽ㣬Խ˵Լʱô˵ҪˣһҪעӼɱӰ塣

Сʱͨµд߶ǾϵЦֹҲֹסø˻绰ȫͳ




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˵绰, ֱصҵʱ򣬾ȻǺ顣

ϣѵõĵĴӹĹ޹, ˳һˮ, ȥֻûë׶ˡ

۾, ˮ, ǱĴשҲȶȡ

, ֱ˶

ѵӷſգڵȫԡķɸС

ˮĺ΢΢ƹˮ, ĹΡ

۾գǰһƬ⣬Ȼ, һ, ȫһ飡

ˣ䣡ôôԭˣ

ʲôԡ, ѵõ, ʱȫԺ˼ıȵʵĳɾ͸У

ݲݲ壬ֳ˼·, ͼææʵҸϡ

ѾȲҪԼ뷨ˡ

ˮһܳȻ󣬹ߴӿˮУ·ͻᷢƫۣСѧӴĹѧԭ

, ˮıĹⲨأ

ֵһԣȻѾʮˣܿȻʵ뷨Ҳ˲°Ȼ

عԲƬϼˮһǳʵ֣ҳ뷨⡣

˵ɾ͸ɣ˯˯ˣһͨ㣬Ȼֿʼʵ

㣬ֻҪԲƬϼ1׵ıˮ㣬193׵ͿԱ134ס

Ҳ˵ϣϸļ⵶ˡ

ȵڶһ磬ƿʵҵţͿͷķŮˣΧʵǰתͣ

һ㶣ɵɵʣǡʲôʱģ

ѹûؼңһҹû˯ܿȴ쳣ܣƽѧڵֶˣһѰϳʵ̨ǰͷǲʲô⣬ֵ

ǰһű붼ʵʧܵİƷعƣλһҹ֮˼ֵʮԪĺĲġ

ڼʶ㣬Ҳ֪ʵҲȱǮҲ̲סݺݵĳһ¡

ǡʲôˣʣҲ̫˷˰ɡ

񾭷ѳ㣬ҶǽʡߵˣҲڶʱڻӻôĲģҪټ㣬ٽŻһʵ顣

˵˾뷨سֳɵҲ˦ŰҲʼӲϹһòϣʵ顣

ⷨܳɣҪ̫Ķֱ59׵Ƴ̣ʡľѣ²ܹڣ

֮£ʮĺĲģ㲻ʲôˡ

ò˵ʵƱϻа츳ģʵ˶ϲϣһ־ͺܿҵС⣬ҲһӾƯ

ææµµС£µĽʽ̻UV-02ڴ󹦸ɣҲζţ192׹̻ûȫгʱDAWNѾӵһ»͡

ŷų̨ްԣUV-01ûԹء

ͬʱ鲨ǱҲ˺Ϣ׹⣬ڼˡ

Ļе΢΢һСĻΧڣȴܱó̬ÿһѹȷķȻǶȺĥȣĥױȵĹ⻬ͷ

ྻȾҪЩ࣬鲨Ǻǫ飬ѾȵһˣҪǣЧʸߣĥһ׾Ƭ

ԭĹĹˣһĥƳ10׾ͷ

Ǽ

鲨׹ྻȷʵһ㣬ǾıǼ̻ľͷҪ󣬷̻ϣʵҲá

ҪǣһֹĥĹˣҪǰڴĻϰְҵҲֻ̫ʱһʧȥȶԣĿҲ峺

ǻᡣ

ſƼķչһգֻܶʱѵһˣͽ׳ǵǰϰһľ飬˲ͱú޼ֵ

ֹԺХĿƼ񳱣ĵط

ǿоͲһܽ˸еĵطһͿܲ󣬶һȫ󣬾ζóгȨͶȨø֡

Ȼ͸Ҫˡ

ҪʽͿٵĹ̻ҵµľƶ񻯣ֻ졣

Ϊ̭ǸALҲǡ

ڽܹĵһ̻ллأDAWNľͷޣܸ᲻ȥҲǴõĻᡣ

Ҫ»;ߣȻȺ˳״壡漰ʽҵͲҵϣ

ãԷҲȶľͷǵĸ˾ѾͲ˾õЭϵⳡһľУռ˾޴ơ

˵DAWNͶ˾Ҳû̫š

ߵļ̫ˣµļܼǲǽྻȣǱ߶ǵĲԶˡ

ֻϧĲûܼ̫á

ͷⲢûеõDAWNӵٶȣȴһӿ

΢һ֪DAWNʮ̨һӾӵ150̨

֣ƺ

ʲô

DAWNѲƾձһӲҲľͷôܣ

ǲôʾɣǸңԶصĻڲðһ׾ͷгɰǧ칤ˡ

һ£DAWN̻ӵʹﵽ150ڶºܿͻ300Ȼ˵£ӵ٣ǽʱȴϵĿ죬µĶֻҪȰѡ

Լ㣬AL˾֪DAWNӦѾ׽˾ͷ⣬ǵģҪٶȡ

ȻҲһҪԭ

̻Ҫ۶оƬ̻߶˵оƬĸҵ߶˾ζϡ١

ο̻ļ۸̻Ҳ˲٣ǧһ̨ıۣ㹻˲ٸȤС

ҲζţDAWNһгϵĶʳòˣûиALʣٷݶ

ΣУʱץס˵ࡣ

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ھߣȻ׬

Խ߶˵ļɱԽߣȻҲ̨̻࣬ǰзĳɱ׬̻׬Ǯ㹻ٶüֻƵŶˡ

зɱǼػǱ߻ȥǮҲֻҪʮ̨ͻˡ

ڶѾԶԶֻ֣ҪܸȥԼһ£һܹ5ڡ

̻ܳһʱ䣬ԷļҲԷųʽ̻ո󣬶̻һֻ׬ȡҵƽ

ʱļ

˴ڴ㣬ڵоƬҲDWAN豸ʵһβҵ˺õĻĵķҲζŹĸᣬԸǿԭܳһʱڶԵЩȵĹڰ뵼ҵ˲ͱ

ǳڷܣֻҪһͻץסŬʵǡ

ЩڷܵĺˮΪһصԸҵӣܹøһ㡣

п󣬾ôһͨͨĹˡ

ԭİ뵼峧ǰЩЧܲô˵ˣʶȫҲû취Ч治УһػУҲܲһӣ˵ҪƣôҲֲﻹдݹˣټϼҴڵְְɲᣬм˽ϰʹ죬ֺܿˡ

ȥϰ꣬ӺȻһֵ˽˵ҪʼоƬ

տʼ˻ֵ˽ϰ岻𣬲ܹ˵

±䶯ܿͿʼˣԱְְһһЩˣ½һлвٴרѧ

ȻǸѵװæһ

пǸʵˣųȺ쵽תڳƣԺ˵ıȻûʽĻʷ˵㡣

ҪѧĶѰҪɾѧЩ߹հĹʽʶһʶԷ

ѵпԵģҪǿҪǱȶĹʣп󶼲뱻ֵЩ߰С

ǣÿϣпѵĽ̳һˣСѧŮһˣڵͷѧϰⷢģһģһ

пſһĻЦòУҲǳְпöˣѧҲɣ°ֶһֻһָŮĿҵһ߻Ҫɷ򲹿ΣҲæòС

æۣҲбͷˡ

ȵͨ죬Ǿһȥ̵ŮҪþõޡ

ǰ곧ЧڴûǮѾܾûиŮصʲôˡ

СѾͷޣı·ϣں棬Цһ£Ӷбͷˡ

˽豸λʽԭĳѾģȫνĽྻ䣬˽鷳ö࣬Ҫŷ´ЬףҪ೾һһܵСʱ

Ǽô鷳һ䱧ԹûУҲˡ

ΪǳӣڼʵĻͷǮˡ

пĻ̶Ȳߣֻгбҵ쳵ɻŸѧɼҲãһС

˵ǳоƬһƳˣϺöҵܵǳоƬ˵ڹҲúܺãǰֻлķݣڣǴѴѵ㣡

˵ǮӣȻҲ

µĽпǵǮؿڣҲůģߵ·ϵʱײһСᣬҲǸද˺ĬһЦȻҴææظϡ

пŸŮһֻռȥСһϻسռǺüǰˣ߶Σǽ£֪ﾳãҲͲ˵ˡ

طôཱҲҪһλ磡пֺǺǵ롣

ˣĻҲ£չҪһܶһٶ飬ҪɵǮ͸ˣʱ򣬾ŮռҲ

һ뵽ŮЦпֻбͷˡ



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꾮ʱڼһ꣬ѾģЩϲˡ

Ⱦǳ˲٣½˺ü³ͷͣŸĴװһֱߣѭûͣЪ

Σڿʼµְˡ

˺ܴһƬطͰϣڽܹĵĿ裬ʩλҲ죬DAWNز

һ崱¥ȫǴ¥ݷȵӽãȫҪȥڳĵطܽ³

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Ӻˣ϶ЦС춼ˣǰʲô춼ܺ壬ĩŹĵĵӶ׷ˣһǶԲһȦŸ·Ψһģһǽ

ʱڣ߶ǣý˶˲٣õĵλʸ߸࣬ܿ컹·ӷ֣δĹСȻֻֻΨһһ㣬Ůְ³ΪҪǲ࿴ֻҪѾһ̧׵趼˵ʲô

µĸĸԽҶ¶ҲˣŮҵĳϢҲһҪڳɼϣ˵ˣжûһܸϵǼŮģ˵޲˵ģֻʹȥѰˡ

仹иųɶ׷ھƨɺܣǻǳϲŮͣǮôվĸĻ˵žǸ׵ġ

˵ˣǼҲȱǮΪӺôίŮ

ǣʱ֣ųɶֻܴźްƷίίǽ£ˣ̲סһ±飬ˡ

ˣ֣ذƷ˵ͷ尢ȻҲٲ˾оµġ

˵µ֣ųɶڴ¥ֿһۣȷûʧ̾һתָҹԵúòãûг

֮ܶ߶߶͸Ƶġ

ӻ֣ģҽԵÿˣǵҪȥ俴һۣҲ֪ڳ߶תͣҽ»ҪȥοʹӰĹء

֮ǰѾ͵͵ʹ㣬˾ʲô뷨һֻʮ֮ǰῼǸ⣬Ҫȵ͵ȣҪǲԸˣҲף

û˵ҲƷζһ˼ˣҪȻҲųɶ

ųɶϺЦ֪֪߸˵ȥĻء

һЦת¥

ݣƷ˲Ͳ³СŮȥʲôȥˣҲûֻǻߵߣһǽǸȻηηһŵļһ˿ڣͷô䣬ǽɣҪȻùˡ

ҲһЦõͷһתͷǸĻļһ˽

˵ųɶǸԲˣͷϻѩҲģھ尢̽еûžºһЦּĸʰȥˡ

ŹӣЦһš




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ֵܿһһȵıҵ, ҪǾǰҵҲһõѧλ

ѧǰģҹ, , ĵλҲкл, Ҫǲ, ֻܽʾ֭õλȥˡ

山ĺѧУѧͬҲҪջ绹, ίһ㵥λ⡣

ٵĳɼһ㣬ûõʲôίûϣˣ, ھǻǸʺϼҡ

˵·ôһС, ֵȥ·

һ, ׸ͷӬһײ˵˶Ȼ, ȴǸ, һˣ͸װ¡

ͱ磬Ҳ֪˵йϵ, ܰŪָֻ꣬ҪǮһСǮǧ, ϵһҺüĹˡ

ټûʲôǮдǴ绰յĴŸĸȥȥ裬ֻ˵ϵһζҪǮŪ֡

ĸûʲôʶȻ¶ӵģٵĽ΢ɣͱԼڼſڣ˵ҪǮܵܣ͸ɴҩǰˡ

ּɹײŴյЩǮ˼ٿ飬ǱҲϽֻۣ˵ǮҪǴղ͸ˣ˶ǡ

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ϿɼŵȻٲ츳ҪٳһõʦҲǳҪһɫĵʦܹĿʱָԽʱҲܿϵѧĳɹЩŮʿע⵽

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Σ֮ǰ꣬гԼ¶ƣ̬ʾĿʼ, ԭΪΣҲһ㣬ǻϵͳȻûбıķչ߼Σʱ˳û̫ı䡣

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ѾһڼΣﶼȫˣչٶ, ʱҲ֮һصƲճҲϱôˡ

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Ͷʵ״ԪѾһȫ֪ĿθƷƣ¾æÿҲһµĸ߿ģԾǸֲٵѶȱĴ⣬ĳֶȤζ

ڲּлдԣ˭һ˾ڵ³Ĵ⣬ϣѧʵҡ񣬾ͲѧȦλţƺҷǳƯŮڣѾ˲ѧżУѧԲһĴΪ١

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һ̻Ϣڷ죬Ѿ˺԰ͷš

֮ǰЩΧDAWNĴҵһӦǿֻš

ǱһѹĿֻţҲǴʽŵ׻ΪˮĿֻš

ѹһƤ򣬱ֺݺݵ˻

ǣҲûʲô취ٳˡ

ԭ˳ԱٿһŻ飬ڿͷСʱȺ¹ڳӢǣҲֻԿЦ

Ѿⷢ۵ĳƷǻʲôѲָԼʵЩŸноԱǶǷ

⣬ʲôˣ֮ǰķҲֻܻԼȥ

̻ҵӮͨһоƬҵҲͬһ⡣

ҪôǰͷҪôֻܳ˼ʣĲиˡ

õĹ̻ѡƣȻǮȻãɱ͵оƬ仨ˮ

оƬ˵̻ƵĻҲֻӡˡ

˭ܾһ̨ٶȸ죬ߵĺϷӡ

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˭ȸǮ˭õƽףͯۡ

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ֻҪнȷķϣٶ࣬ٶึҲֵˡ



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ԼȡʷǰĽչ

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ԭýβɷãͷԼӰͻȻ˼ˣ

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ʵϣΪǾɷ˼仹գǸ۵Ҳûϳ˾࣬ǻص̨Ժ󣬲ɷԭƬűѾյץͷͬ¿˳ֻϧѾˣ˼Ͳ֪ȥˡ

ˣҲǾѵõӰ¼ǸʵϰڵߣҲβɷƵúóһѷͷ

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ȫΨһļ̻ʲôҲİõڡϾõʱãҪǼһȺ˵ֻʣ̰ˡ

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üֱûۿ

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̨ļˣѣˡ

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Լͦġ

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ܶȫ֧Լ˺ѣһ·ʦǰЩǰеߣЩԼΪٵˣҲͬΪ١

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