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1 
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һ롣
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һ˲䣬Ժ˶βļ䡣
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Ϥԭǡ󲿷
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ǰΪ˻ѹ˱С˵Ǳٺġ
ŮŮܸʶ˻㺣Ϊͥԭϴѧ˷룬ڶط˺ġ
С˵Ǻܳ·ģŮܾŰŮܳΪڰο壬ůɽΨһ⡣
Ůڰˣгûεڻҡ
ոմ׵Ƕμ䣬ڻһģһ
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ˣͬڻҡ
ԭ֮ڻңȫԼġ
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ȵĸȥԭûԼԴǰѼˣеĲ⣬ȫڼϡ
ȫԭԼĸ׵ļʡ
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ǰڲûҪңÿζԭҵ󻻵øصŰһȥֻ÷ܡ
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Ůһββ΢̣Ϊ·ԭ򣬷΢ζš
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ʼʱǽԭ̣ȵԭקͷ˦ϣԭ˵ʲộŶʮΪǸͣԺС㡣
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òӦִɳϣָ˵ȥ
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ϵ˿ڲմˮˡ



2 

÷ɳϣˮСˣ֪ΪʲôܾСЩһȴ˵ĵ
÷̧ͷɨվڸԵļƴûѪɫ۵׵ĺǱС㷣վɵģѵı鿴κǶСĻѾϰΪ
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׼״³֣ɡ
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ͬʱھԽɳϣ棬ŸֻĴ
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ܿģ˳ܡ
׽еıӷŻص輸ϣϸš
Ŀǰ˵ĻҪĿ꣬üԡԼĺСһЩ
׾úѡ
ոտû˿ɷ׻ǴǵĮУĲĥĺ⡣
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Ϸţû·ǽ·õǰ磬ü羱·ֹ䡣
ҩֱָ༷Լ쵽󱳺ѸͿ˺İ̴
˵ǷŪã֮ǰʱСı˿˵ġ
ҪǷ׷Ҳᾪŵûע⵽˿
뵽ף׵ʹ˼С
ȷǻ׾⣬᲻صؽ֣

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ƽʱġιbiaoӡȫȻͬȫзüԼǸˡ
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3 

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ƽķӦڷϾЩ֣ϾԭûùôƽԴ
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ĿԵ˲䣬һĨǳЦ
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еͷԽԽŨӰˡ
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֣ɣ㱻Ů˴룬ź۵ʱЦŵġ
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˵¼Ļȥ裬ĩֲ˾䣬˿ڻᷢףȰ㻹ǹԹԵġ
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лҪ˵
Сô죿
ͣӣ


4 

ߵ㣬͹ʣᱻǳɡ
¥ҽ¶ȼϵЦһ˵ף治֪ΪʲôŮ˵Ҫ֪ôҹ᲻㰡
ҽ裬ԭ½ѡ
½ȥǰһ棬½ȥԭϵЩ
27ʶ½ĺͷ׵24꣬½3221ʱͶôһе档
ֻҪÿģ˭ں䣿
⼸ڹѧϰһǰŻع
عһֱæŹûʱ׼ҿ
ڹʱи״绰ÿƵʱ״̬㲻һֱΪ׶Լܺá
ǰ죬ȴǰ˵׶ԼôϢʱ׼ҿһ£һסˡ
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ǰΣ赱֪Щ˵ûڷ׼ȷʵ
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֮ˣ躢Ӳ16ֻ꣬ÿ֪״ǳãʮϡ
ٿϴСС˰̣ǿŭżյԭ˿ڷס
˵ʱһֱŷף뿴ϻ᲻Σ֪ûУԼС
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аʮңϣǱһصİƲ
ǿôС屳ˣû߼ͻӵϣڷ׺棬żĺ󱳡
˼ȫڡ᲻Ѽˤˡϣûע⵽ǵŵˣȻۡ

磬ڷ˯ʱ򣬰Ǽմ۵·ϴˡ
ϴ·ʱ۾ɨԡͷֻԥ±ؽԡţһ衣
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лҪ˵
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5 

ȰεͷżǸȥҽý׻ûӼֻ־ͱץס
̧ͷŶԷüͷ
ջߺ󣬷û飬ɼץš
󣬷ֻһֵƣһֻ봦
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żͷеĲ뿴ʱ֪ԸԼôȥ
ⳡգԭ򶼳
ʵдⳡ
÷˼գԭûжܣ÷ֻ͵͵ҩԡ
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Ρļʱ
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׳ô˳ֱ֣ϵĽ˺ְѼС
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ߴӼĶͷƣֻɵƤ
˿Լ÷С㣬طɣš
ת㣬ûȥϢ𣿡
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ţ÷ִӴ
׶Ը˵㣬ȥˮ𣿡
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6 

ȵ˽ңĿöʱȻ
һõѧУԺաλʿŮһСںλڸ߲㣬һӵ鵱ʹˣ귽ôԴǺӣ˶֪
ڷǰ˵˽¾ۻʱǻ䳰ȷһΣеѧʹӸĸ˹ڼ顣
˸ûãǷһѧУﴫ
еѧţϾѧУĳɼȫУһӦòôѿˣһһ࣬˶Ǿԡ
û˸Ƿңû˸ҿ»۵
ҳˣ˶ɻʲôҳ˵״ܼ𣿽ѧУʲôѲǸѧˣ
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صŭ⣬˵Ȼȫͷ
ֻмͬȣûпŵͷ

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ͬѧû뵽ôᣬˣ
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7 

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徻ֻҪ鲻棬Ǹȡϵ
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8 

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9 

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бۺطˣԷΣȴûŮ˼֪ʱ˵Ļط˲ûзϡ
С㣬Ѿѧȥˣǵһ
˵ǽ̵鷢ĵһʱͱѧ˹ðķ۾
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ڷϵߣš
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10 

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11 

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ϸЬסģҪվֱȴֻ˻Ρ
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׿ʱһײıС
ڶŵˡ
ڶסļڣȻΪʲôϤ
׼ȷ˵ǵŵˡ



12 

һ㣬վھݼĵطż
ϣУβŰŵûһܹȫڹ͸ഺ
ײ֪˵ĻǼ٣ǶȤζ뷨ŴӸߴµˣײŷӦһСĻŵˡ
ȻԭΪԭη塣
ݺܿ͵һ㣬ŷȥ
֪ǲǷ׵ĴڹӰ֮䣬񿴼˫кЦ
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ڷ
󣬽Ųһֱȼƽ磬ӲŻָ糣

ؼҵ·ϣױϢţǶϣͷŴһķ羰֪ʲô
ܿ쵽˼ңڳ˯ˣʱ˯죬Ҳɢࡣ
С׽е
ûյӦ
׳Ա߿ȥŷּѾ³ˡ

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˼÷ȥúĴӣ״æ̣þͺá
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㶫Ǻˣ
лްӦš
÷е˼ǣ֮ǰȣ׶Լȷʵ࣬ѣżȥôЩûľٶ
ӴӺ÷˵仰Ȼһӵݸ壬кżߡ
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סĮٸֳһ˿죬չ˵𣿡



13 

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ָһ
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Ϊ÷ڲֲţһ˦ԺЩ߰㣬ǰšŰ֡
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ͣϣǻ鷿ߺ\\


14 

ģ׿У÷׽ڶθ̾ĻֻС̡
ߵǰ̧֣ᰴ˼ͷһģָУ÷׵ʶץ¡
ʶԼŮԴ׻ջ֣Ϳ˵ȥϢˣԼɡ
ᣬһģ
һƬʯŤͷƿߣš
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˲䣬ǹϤһϮС
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һ跢΢š
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軹ӡġ
УԼᣬͬ׶Լһ
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費ģ۵ļ䣬費ԾʣС׶𣿡
᲻صش뷿˵ĶУȼΪʲôҪôϽǵСĻͻȻһ
ƴɫ𪡣
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·ʱƳƽķĬ£漴̰ѱӵݸ÷

лҪ˵
Сռǣ**գûҵͷûпҺȹţ̣˵ܷܡ


15 

÷¸¥תͷͼ˴ķס
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÷֪ʲôֻڷ׿ʱеĿձӣС㣬ҿСͰţ̺ȹġ
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ȻҲ֪ؼĻΪԭЩԴҴ뿪䵹ΪǷԼɥ
Ƿϵֻһ
ʱͨҪ󣬵ڶһ磬𴲣ʰú¥ڲ߳Էˣ߹ȥѽ˯ú𣿡
ͷ򷽰ףһ۾ջߣ۽š
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׺һ󣬵ǿÿһţ̻ǹõġ
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׵ͷรõġ
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÷״ֻ˵ԺϴԹʰʰȥѧɡ
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šײغһ࣬Կļ˵ȥ㡣
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ͷܾң𣿡

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Сʱ󣬳ͣںһУǰ
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żǮװУڴ׵ˣǸСǽʲôͬѧסһڣȥҺʦ˵һ£úʦæ⡣
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ЦֻڰԼѣ㲻Ϊ˰ɣҪʲôûʲôģǷҵһˣ֮Ի㣬Ϊάҵӣȵ׽顭฻ȵ꣬ûʱ϶ͻᱻ߳ҡ
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[ᡣ]
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лҪ˵
СռǶ
һ˵ϿֻһΪҷϢҵȰȣȵ˯Ҳû̵Ϣֻֻз֮ǰ֪ô𣿡ҪҪݣһ£
ڶһͷ񡣵ȻһͷҪԭΪһգоÿŻģŲΪ̲ҷϢע⣬һǡ


16 

վڴǰԡָշȥûһ뷽׾Ͳ绰
ɫֻ˶ߡ
ڵ绰ͨ˲䣬С
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ˡ


17 

Ҫĳƺ׽߲ߣ¿ܣ˶ǣǵЦ
Ŀǰ˵׵󣬳˶÷ͼ⣬ٶԱ¶ĵЦ
ȻҲпǳ⣬ûӴˡ
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Уÿѧ
뵽˵仰
۵ЦٿȻ׷װģʲôǰⳡ顱ϷʼҲֻϷȥ

׺ͼûֵȺд
ͬʱסŲתǿۼǡö˼˫ۣĿԺˡ
̷ܶǰ²š
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ͷҪıʼǣ֮ǰóġ
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ľѩҡͷûµġ
ȡ
һȣľѩע⵽˼ߵˡ
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ľѩԿ˼롣
ǲ֪λÿĽʲôϵ
׾ΪҳбҪͬѧк϶ֻܸʡ
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18 

룬׿˼ҡ
ʱſȷ׻÷׺ͼͻȻУˣвǼٵġ
Ĭԣ÷ٵļΪѧУ۸̸ˡ
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׿ż˫ۣŮִֵŰ⣬ż׻ʣԸһλ𣿡



20 

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21 

һٷܿ
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ϵƸӺأ ɫıƮϰϰ
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ԶͻȻ̫һ϶˿ƵĹߴӷ϶й©ñѹóصǣǰ˷Ĳʺ硣

Сèϵ˿ڶ裬ģ뷹겻ԶһҳҽԺ׿ͣ˵ǰ
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ҽֶԷ˵ûͦϲֻèġ
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ҽֲŪèԷ˵˵ҪĿ󣬱㱧è˵λɳһ£Ǵȥ顣
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ڵԱ£˿ɳϣԱ漴߿ˣɳϵˡ
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΢΢̧ȥţ
üԥ󿪿ڣлл
żлüӿϵȻȻ֪Ϊֻè
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׽ֻŵ࣬ȣ΢΢ǰ㣬֪Щ˵Ļ˵źͶ⣬˵ľлл
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羱ţĿбӵ˵ǡ
ĬȻӵͬʱڨڨ˵˾䣬㻹ͦʵ
ڲèèеڣе˯ǳ
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ײ˼˼˵Ҫһʱ䣬ץʱͿԡ
š
ղŽӴǵǸԱ˵һԱЦ˵ãȻʣλŹȥ𣿡
ֻ̳мףŹȥ׵ͷԵġ
һҪ꣬ſиõɡǿһԷһԱ˵ָָԵɡܡ
˳ŵԱָķȥǺġ
ԱЦЦλ䣬ǻչ˺ñġ
׵л߳˵ꡣ
Щղŵķ϶֪ʱһ𣬹ʧƵĿѹֵ˺Сġ
׳⡣
еɷӴҲ޷õ顣
׾ദΪгһ硣
ȻΪһֻè
һ׸衣
У㱼䣬ΪصǰǶŷף÷ӡ

ֻ̳аСʱ׿űʱУһ˵Ҫʲô׾͸ĸĸһͶˡ
ŴСµһ¥ȴһ¥վ˺üˡ
һ档
ˡ
µĲ󣬷׾ɡ߻ȥ
ɡڷУĬؽӹеĴӡ
ߵ̳ſڣ׳ſɡתͷԼ˵߰ɡ
굽ɡ¡
δһͷ״һɡ·ʱһֱŽıŤĨƽͷûע⣬׽ɡ
ΪԽԽĬļӿ˲ӣӵʱ˳ҽԺ
һţɡʼʪû
޽ǴЩʪ󣬷״ֽгһֽҪȥ
ȴ㿪ˡ
׵ֽڰգĵĻҭߡ
Ƥ£ӷнӹֽԼ
״лعǳЦð
˵귽ֳֽת·
ŷ״뱻ʪļ򣬼߬еֽճһš

лҪ˵
Сռǣ
xx Һͷкˣ
ף



22 

޽ǴˮǴɡεϵģ ֽһûˣڵɨһȦͰɳߡ
Ͱһ ں𷽰׵Ľ
ѽ
תͷȥ
״ӵԱнӹڻУ ڱ
ƳĺӰװѱת ˮ٣СȻֻèһΪǻɫء
֪ǰɫģ û̫ྪȣֻǴӷ׻бèȲɡ
£˽Żڹ ݸһЦˣ ֽһ ·϶ֽš
򴽣̧ͷѯʵԱʵдҰͷʪˡ
ԱҲע⵽˷ʪ˴· ͷеģ
֮ǰ Ա˾䣬 ǾȻǽã
ţ ѵĺӡ
ԱǹϵúŶһˡ
ʶȥּѾèɳ
촩ż򵥰Tǳɫţп㡣
·ϴη׸ѡģ Ϻеľ񣬺ഺ ǱӰ̫Įˡ
֪ΪԱĻΪ
ü۴䣬ʧĨЦ
ͷðɣ·˳űˡ
תСƣģʮӺͣ
ʮڵԱƼ£ҽԺļײͣΪ˺ܷЩ
׺ԥµ󣬵ԱķױȽʱҪƯ
뿪ʱԱĻ˵ټ
·Ǹݣں
磬һڲӰεС
˼η׵ĳַ׺ڿʱ˵еľȫʻĳǰ·ŵ·ꡣ
ײڣ˵Իؼҵʮ·̣һ·޻
ڼңźͣĽʮָϣ˵Ǽײͼ۸ȥʵݣмĿò˵ܼߣȫû˵ôֵ
ͻȻ˵׷٣Ťͷۼ˵˵һԩǮˣ
Ŵ⣺ֻǷ¡
׷һЦóܺá
Ĳܰ
һû뵽õ׵Ŀޡ
Ҳ뵽ˡ׳սؼҵС·˵֮Ի򣬻һΪǸԱͦã˵ڵ꣬ǮԵòôǱ

Աߵû
ıˡ
ߣĲճС
üʲô
תͷǡߵķ׶롣
˵˵˵Щʵ뷨
ë˲
ѭѭյղŲǸһǮôڲ˵ˣ

ƽˮԱã˵ΪǷԱĹײĿֻ˾ɵǮࡣ
밲
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ͣ£׽Űȫʣôģ
ûмԤеıŭǻЦ

û˵
˵㻹˵ߡһƺǱֱ׵Ļˣûס
׾Щ䣬ϸ첲ĸԼȣվ淽ģԶԴЩ⣬ǡø෴ȽϸԡҲ˵ЩĿֻмòײ͵ʱ򣬿ϵֲǼߣһ鼦⡣
ղż˵Ļ΢΢һЦ˵ⳡϣԸҪ
˫ֱüĮȻࡣ
оԽԽ䣬ײڳһ롣
ǰϿε˼ü˵ɵǮҪؼˣ㣬߶ͣЩˡ
˵³˺ţװİᵽУת뿪
ϣ͸Ӿŷ׵ıӰԽԽԶֱʧھС

װèİн˱
÷ŷеİİèûüèǴģ׶˵㣬ȥСһ¶
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СһѴӣȥ쳣Ĳгʱᱻѹ塣
÷æǰӼнӹӣѯʣСͣôͻȻŪһèؼң
·ϼġ
÷ļģǻ᲻Ųɶģ᲻ᴫȾ
ҡͷѾȥҽԺ飬ˣûµġ
ǾͺãǾͺá÷ЦЦҲͦãСǼŮĶƽʱȥѧСһ˴šҲаôµˡ
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÷еӺƷֿèʵЩ
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ţ֪ˡ
÷ȰЦЦϢɡ
÷¥
ȵ¥һ΢Ŀ󣬼˷š

û뵽ôֻܸͷˡ
ֲڳʱԽԽ䣬䵽һ̲æ˳
ɾصɴϣ䡣
Ҫ÷ԾڴһҲûԼ˵ķףҪˡ
ڳԹҩѾöˡ
÷һţ۾ʣ㣬Сţ𣿡
ˡ÷ߵߣСģô᲻
һů÷ոźˮҩ㣬лл㡣
С㲻Ҫҿ
÷򷽰׵Ķͷĵļĥ׵Ƥ÷ֻȥо¶ȱȸղЩСоôЩ𣿡
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ˡ
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̬ǿӲ÷Ĵţ£С¾͸Ҵ绰
׼ѵЦ˵ͷš
֪ҩЧˣǷյԭ
˯һ磬Ǻ
÷뿪ȵŹϡ
ͲסƤأסۡ



23 

ײ֪˯˶ã ֻۺһƬڣмƽ¹Ӵ϶м뷿䣬 ӳǽϣԵûôɭ
Ժֻ 򿪿һۣ
[賿0009]
ȷϹʱ䣬ͻȻ˯ѺĻ˹ ĲҲʧ
ֻױۼʮ룬 ǿ˫ֳŴ
廹ЩȣԴѣû
װ˸Ƿ˴ͷơ
ůʱɢܣ ˼񾲡
ſſģ ɬûˮ֣ űӣ÷֮ǰڴͷϵİ뱭ˮ
ô˲䣬 ѧٿԼ
Ŵôõ鶼ˣٿʲôģ Ҳܼ򵥰ɣ
ʵ֤ յ׺˼룬 հܸʵ
׷Ŵߣ̧ȥӣƽʱ׾پɵ飬 ȴѵ׹Ҳûӱڡ
׺أ򴲱ŲŲ ޳ָ˱ӡ
ŷۺĹؽڣ͸ˮԣı洫ָһ˿⡣
ȥձӡ
һ룬
顣
ˮء

ˡ
ˮòȡ
治Ǻܸߣˮûˤ飬ֻˮһء
ûҪʰɾʰҲ˫ȴʱˣֻԴȪԶ

ˡ
᲻ص
Ϊ÷⶯
ſ֨һűƿŲͷҲû̧ʣ㣬ôô˯
㡱Ĭŷװſڴߣ°͵Ÿ첲Ƥţ˳ŷ׵߿ȥ
㡱һ򷭵ˮ
ԸղŵΪ
ŲԽԽ
򴽣ˮǺȲˣֻ÷æٸһ
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ܺÿ
漴׷Ӧⲻ÷Ľš
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ΪԼĸûбء
׵ɤӲ˵˻ơ

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ʣԺˣ
š
󻬶ĥ̶˵Ŀ
÷С㣬㲻ˣ
ţԲˡ˵ŶԼ˵߰ɡ
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ʣ׵ӦÿζѧҲʳԡ
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÷ҲͽߵȥѵС㣬ҩûԡ
תͷԼ˵һӡ
Ӻ󣬷׺ͼһͬںڻָĹ
УⶢżУߵɫƣ𣿡
š
ɤеûסһԵ㣬Ըҷ΢š
š
ǵֲĲʣû˵ϢԺ˯˹ȥ
ȵٴۣѾû˼Ӱ⣬ѾǷ̵·ˡ

Сûĵģ³Ҳ˵һ
΢΢ֱʻλ˵壬ѿյ˰ɡ
׹˹·е䡣
ļ¹꣬糿¶ȱ͵ͣûյ
׵Ļ嵣ţС㣬ҴȥҽԺ
áͷбų˵ҳԹҩˡ
ȥҽԺҪҺͷѪܣֱһʹ
̫ۣȥҽԺ
죬ûƭĺۡ



24 

Ȼصң ׷ԵǶҩã÷ץº¶Ѿָƽ
û ᲻Ͼ⣬׾ûˡ
˼ˮ ɵϣһֱң ŵõ滺ɢܵ֫ںһ
ûӣֻ
һעΪžĵ绰
ûԥ ֱӵ˽ͨ
ֻߵ˲䣬һȵͲСãǷŵžϴǹ˾ͶʵĿ мҪ˽һ£ ֪ڷ𣿡
ž˵ʱ ´˿ˮɤӣ ¿˵ʱ̫˵
ɨ򦣬㣬 ʲôʰɡ
žõģ ҡ
һͨ绰ʮӡ
žļףУ ׹Ҷ˵绰
ͨʱЬ˿ʱɳϣ ÷ˮ
׽ͨ÷ЦʣС㣬 ˣ
С绰ˡ
Цҡͷϣûϵ¡
÷ȣ
СʲôʱҵĹҹȥ칫Сôڼҡ
÷û룬Ͼ๤ڼҾɡ
׺ˮš
÷û뵽ûʲôṤ˼룬ʣСôͻȻˣ
ףڼġ
÷һ룬ҲǣźС㣬ûСϹ࣬ÿ춼ǸЩ˳Ժ֣СЩ˶ϾǸõķչ
÷ЦүҪ֪С㿪ʼˣһܿġ
һ£ҹΪ
÷ΪСͣ
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ԭǮãԭǮȥͶʣȡ
󣬷ʱоУ죬Ǻͼͨ顭
÷Ҳ֪Ϊʲô뵽ֻͻȻ˵˳

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ױűô˵
ιˮֻţȶûһڡСͽ˷䣬ûˮأһֱС͵֣ģˡ
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÷ףǣҲġ
ڱ˳ţϱɫײ뵽˼
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׾˳èë˼ǧذתҲû𰸡
ֻܱèɳϣɹչԡ

ϡ
ֻյ˷׷ѶϢ
ײ֪ʲôʱͷ񻻳˱ƬﱴɳһţֻܿһŲŵܿȼʱ˲٣ûôˡ
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׿Ļϼ̲ķӦ΢΢ü֣
[뱴ҪҪ¼Ƶ㡣]
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Ϣ󣬷״΢̧ͷԶèȲλã
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25 

Ϣȥĺһ룬 ͷĽͶһ٣ûһŵƺһġԹ
ף
Թɶ
ҪѾ ϷʾŌС
ԼϢ󣬾û˳档
ţ Ϣ˳
[һ¡]
׿żĸ֣ǌʸĻظ
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˿¼ױýĸϵԽˡ
ף[Ǻã ҾͲˡ]
ף[Ϣ]
ף[ͼƬ
ϢһһĳĻϡ
㿪һͼƬǱſ˯ƬԱ߻дź֡
Ĭصأ Ļ
[š
ûٻؼϢ űĶƤ ǰһĺ롣
ʾֻͨӵġ
׽¿עдǣ[ա

ռʲô
׳£ ͬ⡣
ȫǳںǼͬѧסһԭŵͬ⣬ 㣬 ׺ټİˡ
ͬһʱ̣ ڴϷĤĺգڿͬĺʱӴڵ
ҲǲŸҪֻţ żһ£׾Ȼͬˣ
Ϊᱻܾأ Ͼڷǰûʲôӡ
󣬵ñժ¶׼ϴļע⵽ˡ
ĿֻʣղſСè˭ģ
ҵġ
һֻżԷ׵ͷֻè
ȥֻĻʾŷ׵ҳ
˹ջ㿪˷׵ͷ񣬡è𣿡
š
ԸҽʲôʱеֻèҼǵʱûС׷ţҪҸͬͷġ
ü
˵꣬ͷ飬ûա
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˵ûһŷ嶼ƲסشӺӾ۷ס
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ҸҲûġ
תͷ
·
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š
׽ʣһ𣿡
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ڼ׺ϧ˵˵סͬһΪľ룬ǼдҵʱҾҪô룬֧֧˵һ䡣
յʱģЦЦ˵Ҿ͸˵ֻҪ鷳ǌİӦˣ
ͣ£˵һ£йġ
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׿żɻյʱҲӦҵʱûӦ˵ҪѰ
ףҪ룬ҲԽľͬѧһһﻥҲõġľͬѧ̫鷳ȥӡ
˵ֱ̫꣬ˣļҳǷֹͲһˣŮ
Ȼǰǣ֪ѧϰɼǲЩӰġ
Ϊõͬ⣬ȴӼϿƽľܾãѩÿĩҪ
ðɡû֣Ǻأ
ͷ⣬Ҹġ
Сʱ󣬳ͣһҷװǰ
׽мų³ߵߣ˵ͷǰǶƵ·Ǵ·ȥ
ǰ
ע⵽˷׻ᵽʱ䡣
ï뷽һûкøУǷ˵Ҫһȥμᣬ򲻻ǰ
Է˵Ҫμ磬ͻȻģǰ;ˣ
Ϊʲô
ͫİͷڷװھµĵذϡ
ǰ׻ûһαװпƌõΪȫĲ
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׵˼˼⡣
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Ĭ˼룬Ȼͷš
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ԭַï޵ĹϵܽΪģֻΪԭʮʱïȢ˸ֻԭոձҵĴѧԭ裬ȢԭǵʱǸѧˡ
˵ʲô˵Ͳ֪ʲôʱһ𣬶ïԭУһֱǺðְ裬ԭï޺Σᱳȥ衣
ʵԭͷһ˵ͷһ
ϢԭҹӼҰ˳һֱסڣ˹⣬ԭٻؼҡ
ԭ֮ԻǰʹӦï޲μӷ磬طï˵ҪϼΪ
ԭҪżٵε硣

׻緢ʱѾ߳˻¼䡣
С㣬ֱ̫ÿˣ·ϣ̫ˡ
ͻأ𣬴˷׵˼
׿žˣԾ¡
ԭһģϵҲһԷ״ܿӦˡʱȴǸеһ˿Υͣˣÿе㲻
Ŵ¥ݻµˣһͬ뷨׵ɲǣĿһ
ɫβȹϸβµչ֣޳˫ÿһ£ȹڱ֮ζ·ǵҡҷŵ֦ߵ㡣
·ɫŷףţ磬Ķ׹ڵƹŹâ
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ϣһ룬÷׺ܺÿ
¥ʱͿ˼֪ʱ·վڴԼ
ڻ·ǰ򵥵ͣĸβʦɢβ˼ż˲Եóˡ
Ȼï޸·ʲԭĺãװ˵·ҲҪλˣô
ɫʽһּ磬û̫¶ֻ¶Ůļ羱ǣȹڵλϥǣ̣á
Сײɳ
Ų½ţŷף̡
߸Ьײ죬ߵ˼ǰֻ֮һľ룬׺ĵؿţƯ
ţҲǡ



26 

ü΢ СһȻڿ˵ʱһͣٶûУûһĴǣ ֱһҲָ顣
̫ܡ
׶ÿ΢飬Ѿܸܵ
ף
ˣ ǳĵġ
¿˿ܾЩŤ õµİ߸ƽЬž⡣
ӷװţѾˡ
ȥ
ڷװ˽Сʱ ĺɫ٣ɽĨ˲Ȼƣ·ߵĵ𣬳䵱ŵϵǣ ܵĽҲһһ
׿ܵĸ¥ 㣬 ѹֵô
Ψһǣɵġ
׿˳ ¶ȵķգЩϢ
ϢУ ͬӾˮһ㡣
˷ת䣬 ڵﻹЦӯӯ˵Ż ϳ󣬷ʲôû˵ǵЦʧӰ١
ûȥܷ һɷӰ뿪ĳᣬɢķʱ ̧ͷͷʱȴûס˳
ӼĽǶȿȥŴ羰ڵƹºĲͿķ˿
뵽˷ʮǰ¥µӡ
С㣬ղү绰ʲôʱ򵽣ҸүССͣүܿġ
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ûע⵽Ķȥļ⣬˵ţ֪ˡ
ï޴ǰԭμ磬ٽԭԭᵽȻǰԭʹӦ֮ǰïɸԭ˺üͨ绰ԭᷴڡ
֪׻ï޵Ȼġ
ïֻԼŮμϵܵܵ磬ȴûŮ֮ԻӦΪ˻ٵ硣
ʵҲ˵ǻٵ׼ȷ˵ԭï޵ı
ü
ԭУԭװûڵ·Ӵģϰһ
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ԭҪƻģƷӾأȻ޻
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Ȼ֤ףзһ£ҲǸղ÷ƵҪԭ
ԭ˵ǼӾغʲôû˵˰ѼӾС
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ٴ뵽Ǹ棬ͻһۣץץʲôûץ
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Хķ羰ģ壬Ĳȴɼ
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żֳĬ˼룬˰ȫУҲ֡
ɨһ͸ߣĶȥ
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׿ż֣߬ݵûж⣬о̺
¼һȭ
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ץȫǳڱܣץһ
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أҷСˡ
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װѺӵݸ
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ûҪֵ˼ֱӽչֵǰۣʱ
ϷףƳ۷ףֱʣʲô˼
Ϊˡ
ٴ׾ŵĸ첲˶ûĲΪⷢҪϡ
ǹĨЦԼ˸̨ףˣˣҲʲôض
˵귽״򿪺ӣװһ׹ĸN
βֵĸ
ɨۣҲҪ
ţ㲻ҪԼԱ
һ
Աʲô
׵ͷӺóһ߽ſһ˵ͷˣȥٸͬУѧǿ϶ĺܺÿʱǲϴźÿƷûС䣬ʱǿʱǻ٩㣬Ҳ׼һ
ûʱģеЩͬˡ
ԭЩ˳Цķʴ·⣬ûһͬˡ
ײЩ⺢˵ģǿЩҲٻȥ˺
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ۺգ˵Ҳÿ
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Ƽ˳ŷ߿ſںԺ˵СգСĴ䣬Ҹ㷽˵¡
ջû˵׳ֹʲôһ˵ɣһҪСȥк
Ƽһ٣Ҳǣô˵ҲǻԼңиյԺſڻûͱµģƼεĲӣãȴźӼܰɣһȥ㡣
á΢΢ףС߰ɡ
Ĭ򷽰ס
ȵ뿪ԭض룬ҪҪȥȴƼһסˡ
Ƽʲôȥ
Žڣȥк
ƼŲź˵ģʣҪ׵绰ʲô
գûʲô
ǲǻźأҸ˵ǵС˼ѵڶǸѾͷ̬Ȳһˣ
ƼΪҪ׵ϵʽΪ˶Է˵Ļ
տƼĲһ
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ԶӰһĨŨں͵ŵĲʵ¸ɢâԺ˵Ŀ⡣
ͣڼϵĿΪ죬СѼ죬˭ע
ͣڷϵģǶװľޡ
ղǲֻǲϰˡ



27 

ǰ棬 °벽ڷ
һǰһ˴
е˿׵ǿ̣¶ȡ
׺ͷïì£ͷ˶֪ Ϊ磬ԷСӣ ˵ʲô˲ˣ 
׸պһǰк˽죬תͿһźɫɽµӳ ˵Ϣ˷Ժ
е塣
˽гͶǷҵĹܼңڷҸ˶ʮ꣬ ǿԭģ ԭͶĹϵҲܺã һֱԴ
Ͷʹӷï֪Ҫױˣ ϲɫĽеС㡣
ųͶƵļ ˽ ʧòصСС㡣
΢΢ף ͶûнӴ֪ǲһڷҴôʱ䣬 һǼ򵥵ˡ
׽ŵĶݸͶʣͷأ
ͶӹУ Сͬʱص鷿̸⣬Ӧòˣȥ
һлл塣
СҿʲôͶ˵СӴԻطϢķÿ춼˴ɨء
׻һܣڿžУ˵仰ͻȥˡ
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ףš
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Ͷǰ鷿·ʱ÷׺ͼ˾ƺ͹֭
׶Ʊתȥʱ򣬷ּԶųʳӡ
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Ա뿪ߵߣʣ𣿡
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š
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ǽźǼСһֱǣ񻹺ܲѺã֪ǻѧУ۸ĸӵܡ
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ûʸԭԭ·ïޣҲûʸȥ޷ïޣֻԴƽ˰Դïޡ
˵ʲô
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ïü뿪ʲô
ɽ·ߡ
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Ȳְﴫ𶯣³ʼֻѾ˲Ρ
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վ
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׶Էï޺ͳദȤɨſڣҪҪȥȼ
׻δջĿ⣬ͼһҴֱ߽ߵͶߣС˵¹ܼңӾǱп˳ˡ
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ȷʣŮ˽ŵĻ֤ʵ˷׵ֱ޴۷׺˵СҲӾرߡ

лҪ˵
ʸߵģ˵һŶСͳǰ̶СͲ鷽뷨
ֻСͶԷ̵ĵͷ飬ΪСͶԭĺ⣬ݸҪ֡
˻иߣСͳԺ


28 

Ӳ ûȥ䣬ߵ˺Ժ
ǰԺȺۼԺûˡ
óֻ 鿴𶯴Ϣ
ľѩģһѧ⡣
˿ ѽ˼·򵥵ĸľѩ˵һ飬ȥδ
[ǲʺĵط]
[룬 ȥ㡣]

۾׻Ц
Ƕĵطȴģ ȻջҪȥڡ
ںлһЩû
͵﷢ͣԾü
ϰ˺ܶ൰⣬ÿһֶĨ͵ģ ֻз׵ݸǿٵ㣬 ϲ ɼвӹ⡣
ֻĿڵĴС üųǿ鵰⡣
ԺֻоӾؼĵطӣƷڣ Ųʣ ָĻţ[֮ǰ˵ ߿ȥǡ]
Ϣ󣬼Ѿߵߣ ˰뱭֣ڿ ζһ塣
͵ļˣڷ˽󣬾һֱעŲĶȵһ߳ǲԶظڼ
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29 

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30 

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32 

ڶһ磬 ÷ֱӰѷ׵緹¥ߣֻʣ¼һ˶ţ ˹سŷ
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ͷĲȻ͵Ц𣺡




33 

һֻͬѧμӢﾺ ˼⣬һѧ
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ѧУǰƽУѧĳƱλǰţ ڿ󣬺ߵʦߣ ͼΪɣʦλ
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󿴵Ŷʣˣ
 ܹߵĶ
š
հץڻУԼģǷģ
бգԷŵĽëţϽ
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գ
⡣մӰó˱ϰᣬ м㡣
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ʲôúյı仯ô
Ժһ˵ݡ
ȻµԸϵΪɵߣ ĿΪ˽ӽס
նԷ׵Ĺģ ٣ Ƿġ
ʱ򣬺ִóֻ΢бöǸèèͷ
㿪 뷽׵ʱ仹ǰ
ĻΧƵǼƲһйؼݺ ׾˵ټ
˼ܣŸɣֱԸ뷨񶨣뵽ģǳԸ׷ڼݣǲǾͻ
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34 

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ֱԴԴϵȶȣˮ轵µļеȣ𣬼ɨ򦣬ֻûڣֱϵȶȳȥ
ɤڣûüϲµĶؿڡ
ײ֪ľٶ˼ٷƣһԼ˵ˣһ¡
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ˡ
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ĵӴУβèҡŵβͣһһεĹˡ
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лҪ˵
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ӣΪȵᣨͺ˴ҵۣͻȻҵĺƽ


35 

һٷܿ Ҫʰʱһ˫ֱҪ졣

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36 

ͼݼ׵Ŀȵ꣬ ڻţĽֵͩӰ䣬 ڿλǾѵĹ۾λ
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37 

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һ磬ûʲô
ûܿҲȻûȥˡ
ѽڣȻٲԲ
׼ʳģûȳˣ׼ȼؼٶȻˡ
룬صҡ
һžͿ϶ʳģɳϣιʳķס
죬Ƥˣ
š
ױűֱӰѱ㱴ȥ
¥Ѿ˱ҡ
һûҲűԴ
ȼ¥ҲϵΧȹ
⣬׼ٳˡ
ʮӺ󣬵׼һʱּ֪ⷢʲôʱվ˳ǰ
üˣ
ֻޱͨĵһ仰ɼˡ
׹˻ѯʣô
ɨϵļ̲ˣµһ
׽ʢУߵߣϸԼ˵Ǹô˵ţ㿼һҴӦһ£
ǡ
׼ʼҪʲôһ
Ҫ߶



38 

׽ΧȹĶӻ
ǵøտʼҪҪ߶ ΪޱĻû˵ڼͻȻײǼٵġ
һ˲Ȼ ׺ܿ׼Ҫ߶ԭסУԬ֮Ľ
˽⣬׻Ҫװ֪ѯʣôͻȻҪ߶ˣ
ţ תس꣬Ž ϴֺ˵֮ǰǰ˵Ҫ߶𣿡
ע⵽ûгƺգ̺Ͱһ֣ ȴֳǡ
ΪӦһ£ôӡ
Ĭ£˵ʱǵ۸Σںͬѧһ˲Ǹ𣿡
ֽϵˮ飬 ͷҲû̧ Ҫ𣿡
ûУ װװӡ
׳ߣûУ ԭҲøʦ˵
ָһˮ ʪ˵ֽӽͰ ̧ͷ ŷ׵ıӰʦ֪ͨҳɼʱѾ˵ˡ
ʦô˵ʡ
쿪ѧȥ
벻ޱϵˣ ãҺһȥѧУ
˵꣬ ׽ʢ÷˼λǰתͷӰԷɡ
ȼùи˼⣬
Ũ֭䣬֭׷Өİ׷˲Ⱦɫ¡
ѳԷֻά˶úʳ
׿żüҧһڣʺ󣬷Ȳʣó𣿡
ֵĲˡ
ƽػӦóԡ
óԵһζ
ⰵ¡
û˵ţҲǵͷӦ˵ĺóԣʱ㡣
˵óԣ˵û¡
״ţԵ㡣
š
ûٿڣССڵسŷǷ˲θڣÿ극ʳСʱζƵġ
Եһ룬ͻȻƽƽ˵Ļȴ÷˲侯
˵ǣ̺ܾûˡ
ײᵯ٣ȻȥǼܸ٣˵ˡ
Ȼԭļ䣬֪ͻ£ǱѧʽԶײС
ײ֪Ϊʲôעû٣˳ֻܳž׽ʱţš
һĮȻ̲ÿ춼ᵯ𣿡
ķ꣬û˿ܵĶɤ˵ƽʱѧУôҵ١
˵ȷʵмûˣоס
׌ϼ˫ۣ˫ͫĺڣ·ܶһУһһ˵ҵ⼸̫ܲ
ɫ·ֻҪ˵룬һ̾ǰһֻзԼŹģ¼ͷ˵á
Ӳ׹ʽ³ֻǴ⡣
׵üݴ棬ŷףһЩϸ΢ı鶼
ݼ̫ãûзʲô
΢յ˫⶯һҪ˵
µ֣ʳָĴָʾĵĲ
Ŀϰȴûκ
աһ죬ڼžĻ¸ͻ
һתͷء
ĬջߣŨܵĽëס۵
÷Űţͼ׺ͼߣΧг
÷Ϸ˫ۣڨЦţǸС㣬һĻˡ
׼÷ģ÷ļʱ𣿡
÷и绰˵̫͸÷˵ٻ÷ʱӦһ
÷ͣһȥʱ˳Ʊˣ˵С㱾ļھǽҲ˼
Ҳ㱨Ʊѽ˵
׼÷糾͵ģʣԹûԹһ㣬˻ء
÷ҡͷڻϳ棬
÷ǰżɫĲˣʣС𣿡
׻ûڣһأ𣺡ǷԼġ
˵̧˾䣺̡
÷ûӼĻﷴӦ㶵ؽУС͡
÷˼ݵݣתͷ򷽰ףѯʣСʲôʱѧģ
ûС³Ҳ÷Żһԭ򣬾˴ڼֻ
ʱ¥ˡ
ӼͻȻ˵ʱ򣬷׵߾˼ϣֱ뿪ûע⵽ڿûпһۡ
û˼Ӱ¥ݵĽŲСüͣ÷˵⼸졣
˵귽׵üɻ
ôֽлطˣ

ʮ㡣
ǰűϰᣬձʵ˺סˣþûʣֻдѡ⡣
ơ
˼
Ƴϵ飬ط±ʣȥš
ſ÷ѱ·ݸСͣУûա
ͷлл̡
С㻹Ұţ̴㡣
ȵӹţ̣÷ʣС˵Ҫ߶ˣ
š
÷ϲЦ߶ã;ܿԣСҲͲˡ
߶ڽϢ緹ҲʳýûؼңȻ÷˵Ͳ̫׼ȷ
ûнͣ÷ĺ仰Ȥң
÷ͷСмθ˵ԲãֻͷԲˡÿѧǰȥˣҪҸ㲹ӡ
˵겻ԾһǷ˼СʱĻ𳵣ˣ׼˯ˣ·ϴ¼俴УûգҪѧŸ¥ġ
÷Լڼǰʧ̬˼ЦЦ
鵭Ȼ˵ȥϢɡ
÷˵ͷãҲЩ˯һֱҹá
š
÷ת˷š
Уȥϰ߰ѵڶҪ·ڴһߣ𴲾ֱӴ
еУɢϴҺζǹɵ㣬ƽʱϴ·ķζͬһҲ̱ǣ
ǵһŵζмκͷװúܽʱŵ
ϰζļУİ
뵽ϴ¼俴ģ״Уĳ
һٴᵽ㣬ζԺеĻ潻ʵײζһ
㱼䣬оζϴҺǷײ·ġ

ת·ŵɳ
ڶ죬ͼѧУ󣬸żѧУޱ󣬾ȥˡ
ǽȥˡ
ǡδҵִóҪݹȥʱеҵ˳ߡ
ͼհѳߵҵӸ˿δȻſδ˻֣뿪
˫ִӸ¿ż˵Ҫ߶
š
գΪʲô
ûȼش𣬺ԹԵ˵ңȻΪ˶Ұɣ
Ƴһۡ
պߡ
ûͱոϣһ¡
յ˼ߣЩʲô
Ĭյľ롣
Ҳͬһʱֱʣôһɷ׵ζ

лҪ˵
СͣΪҺͰǣҡ


39 

׵ġζ
ʲôζģ
ջ£ ˵Щ壬æҲ˵·ϵģ
նһ£ ˵ϴҺζ
ϴãڷŵ
Ƿ˵ʱŵģ Ĵ㡣
Ϊˮζ˺üˮ ûҵͬ
ֱղźղŷӦǲˮζ
ʣõͬһϴҺ
бۺգ סһ𡣡

סһ仰
סһ𣬲ϴҺõͬģҲǡ㿴ʱ סһ 㲻֪顣
뷨п պܿ콫
֪˵˼Ĳͬˡ
 ҪʲôӵϴҺʱͼߣ ʲôȥ
Ѿ˽ң վԭû תλʱľѩӣֻľѩ˵ܻˡ
ҪϿˣʲô뵽һ£ ҪҳǩֵģĶҪա
ǲ֪ļҳ յת򣬽׷˼
һɨʱ˵Ժ㣬һ̡
Ĭ

վ¥ǰȼԶԶͿӰ
һλ·䣬ģߵ΢°ͣݵģ񼴽Ŀȸ
΢΢ü׺ô
ѵѣĺôûиı
׻ûףԶӰѾ
մŵڿ׵ǿ̾ʹӶ˳̡
ЦŽеͬѧ
Цڹ£˲Ӱ
еֵ㶡
ޱ飬̨ס
׸ڼ󣬶Ҫʱȥ

Щס޵ıҪƷûжٶƷ
ȵϵĶʰú󣬼̨˴
ǵļȫУûȼֽƷ˳򿪿װŵĶʱΪʲôϤС
ⲻ֮ǰѧУѣĶ𣿣
ֻú΢ȡߣԭⲻط档
̧ͷЩ㶼ûԣ
š
״²µԭ򣬿϶ǼϲǣȻ
ִӹóһͷû
ͷֲ̫𣬼Ϊʲôûԣ
Ϊⶼġ
õǼ£ֻҪһֱڹﲻá
۵׻Ц⣬̧ͷʱûЦĸжԭСôذ͵Ȼһֱڹš
ǹġ
ΪľҪϸֳҪȴͲֻĬĬͬȴΪ׵Ļĵķཻı顣
ûӼв׽Уûһ˿
˶Ϸ
ף
׵ĻûӰ쵽ȴһֱվߵĺܲưʵ̣ͷҪҰ㡣
׿ڣͷѾˡ
װеĹͷݸգ˵л
յ˵˾䲻ÿ
Ʒ٣ͷֽռ˴󲿷ֿռ䣬ǱһһóҲûʣ˶ٶ
ֽб𣿡
ϵıѾָ糣ûС
һϼ˫˵ҵУſڣ
յ𣺡̣ô࣬Һһ㡣
䲻֪յתΪʲôô󣬵ĿǰԷ˵Ѿڱˡ
ûоܾգͷ˵鷳ˡ

߶˵ĲǷף塣
ʱСһֱԼ൱ڱʧҵڼ£Ҫ߶һʱ͸룬Ҫָ˾ְλ
ױĻЦȻӦ
ܣŷ׽͵ļû󣬼ͶԷԼѧ֪ԭֻӦüؼʱϻҪȥ͡
ʹѧǶʱȥԬ棬׵İŶ˵ãԥͬˡ
ͼȥѧУ·ϡ
庰һС㡣
ߴֻƿ̧ͷôˣ
ỵ̂ѯʣϾʮһˣС׼ȥձ
ԭȥձȪϰߣÿ궼ǹ⼸ȥ
׶ȪȤ
ոϿϢȥձ
˵ͷͶ˼ȪƵ꣬ȥǰɡ
ϢǷï޷ġ
ï֪ŮϲȪ˾ƵͶʣղ׵ģ˵ѾװźһУȥ档
ͷҸС㶩Ʊ
һš
ûһŸ˭׿ڣСһ𡣡
һֱŴļתͷ˷׺Ц˫
üʵ԰ɣ

Ƥ̲Ѿ𣿡
΢ЦҲԸıѽҪġ
Ԭ˵ؾϣȵڽŻ
˼˻۴ţԡ
ǹ˼
΢ü
Ҳʱͣûߴصĺ
ȥֻͫ΢ǼʲôµŻеķӦǰһ뻹ЦĴţŬѹº
ӳߺХʱ׵˫ض£еֻأ˵
˷ףŵļ򻺻ɣڿ׳ĨЦӦ
ЦúǣǿѾ˲ˡ
ϤĺλãϤĿѡ
˲˴죬ϢɲǼϮȫÿëѸٿ󣬰קʧصĸоС
𣺡С㣬ôˣ
û¡׵ֻˡ
˵ŸҪֻһֱֻҪİֻ֮ģмʻôˣ
ܵͣ͵ֻŹƻζ˵ࡣ
ײҾ뵡˵ղŵ㵽һֲͼƬŵˡ
Ŀڷ׵üۼת׵״̬ȷʵܵŲŻеķӦ
ȷ˷׻٣ջ̽Ѱ
ֳλֻŵ˷׵Уû˵
Сܿȥ
ҲʮӺͣѧУǰ
ڴڼ䣬Ȼ׵Ļȶɫ糣Կ³˵ϼ
ᣬŵβƺĺڴϼһ
ŵֽ˼룬Ȼֻ
ɻҪʲôֻԷУڴͳһ
ţ
׵ͷ˫ָŵǴǡ
ʶʣ㲻ǲ𣿡
ദǰѼζˡ
ͬѧġĮȻҪҾˡ
𰮺ôֻ̯ƣҪء
˲˷׵ġ
ֽƤЩֱе⣬Ӵȥĵ׵Ӱ
ǲ죬ζǻһЩõĻ汻ɢƽ
еֽ̧лл
Ӧ׵һ᲻صĹ
Ѿ˳
ף
Ҳ֪ûĵл

лҪ˵
Сֻͣǻûϣλ̾Ҫѷ̰Ÿ
СأЦ


40 

쳤٣ ѧԱĸ꣬ϿʱͷӶҡ
ʦ伸 ֶСĶϣ ֱ¿Σ˼š
ոȾ ľѩῴߵͷǱʼǵˣԥ󿪿ڣʮһа𣿡
ͷҲû̧ һš
ľѩһΪڼѧϰĶȥ
ʲôŰ
űʣȥС
ľѩ㶣 ׷ʣ֮ǰ￪˼ȪƵ꣬ Ҫȥ𣿡
š
Ǹһ𣿡
֪Ϊʲô ľѩֱȥУ һΪס
ֽϻıͣ£һ ľѩ᣺ôˣ
ûˣ ľѩ΢ź ұҰһȥȪģ²ңҾܲһ ڡ
ȪƵǰ˺ü£ΪȪ ˺þõǮ
ȴˡ
ľѩʲôСʵҿԸһȥҵ˼ֻһɻȥУȵ˺ҾԲͷ̵ġ
˼ľѩҲҲȥˣԼȥẦ£żͷףص·ͬŰġ
һ٣ͷʲôñŵģ
ľѩỰδ˵꣬ߵ˱˵ԡ
ÿߵؼңؼҺ¥дҵߵ¥ұǷ׿ڣͷ׽
ϰΪ
ҲǸԸ׽ӣҲҪͼ飬Żס˵仰żһͨˣҲͲм
ʵʵԶ롣
룬Ųᷳ
ڼӲǵľ룬ȨڷУҪֻǶԶ׾ٵܹյ
Եƹ輸վǰʱԾ¡
ܿ죬ĳߡ
һߵλãʾü£һң
Ƴ۷ĵĵطûȥ˼˵ҷ׵ԭ򣺡ľѩҪǾͰȥС
Ӧʹ죬ӦҪȥǷףͻȻһˣҪͷ˵ġ
յϣ˱ϣͰȥָһȥУȥ𣿡
š˵ҲȥȪƵꡣ
΢һˣ
ͷ
Ҳû룺һ𡣡
Сһ治ȫ˵һϢٶһŻƱͷ䡣
һҲûòףȻ˵һˣǸ˿ľѩᰡ
ʹС˵Ǿ˵ĸ黥٣ҲΪ˿ҵ߲ſС˵Ӱǳһcp
ͬ⣬˵Էѡ
д˴Сȥ棬СԷѵģʧЦľͬѧ˵һ£ҪĶǵͼ˹ͨá
Ц̫ᣬ˵Ҳǡ
˵ΪΣҪĹ£һĳ̬ԱΪʲô
ʱһֱļĺھ̽󣬱вƼյļ𽥼ء
áӦ
һ룬վŲ̧ۿȥ𣿡
룬һûˡ
Ŷһ
ת֮ʣڷ׿ĽǶһһ䡰лл̡¥
׿żıӰ
ôֽаˣ
˵ײӦڷ̺ͰƺоᣬΪһ˼ɰڼϣֻûбô
ȴ벻ԭֻĬĬѹɻ󣬶ѰŹɡ

ܿ͵ˡ
ʮ·ݣе»ڶʮȶȣƫڸλܶżŻʮȡ
˷ɻ׵һʱܵ˵´⡣
ֱõĳײŸоЩ
񳵣ſλãľѩںš
ЩַŶڳ⣬зڳľѩнŵͷֻǻٵˣҲֻǵͷ
һ·ϳﰲˡ
˾ǵһų棬һ仰˵ġ
Ǹ߼ˣϴѧˣ
Ŀбӡ
Ĭ
ľѩ룬û˻Ӧ̧ͷԹԻش𣺡߶
绰⳵λϰ廹˵ͦߵģ˵˭֪ϳĿС˵һ䣬ڵڷΧȴû
˻Ӧ˾ʣŸ߶ǳ˲𣿡
ġ
ľѩ򷽰ףֻ׳ԴŴ⣬ľѩ򴽵мҳ
ȵƵˣûľѩػ˾ǸĸĿ󰡣ԼȥƵ꣬ǺˣҪ˿ô졣
˾ת˸⣬Gô˵ǳ˻ˣҪ߸˵ģʲôĵľ͵Ȼȥ˵һ³ӵһٲоǼҳǺú桪
Ǳ˾뵽ˣһֱᵽڷ֣бǰҾǵļҳ
ôļҳ㣿
˾죬ߵĻ£ϰ˵ˡ
ٴ밲
ζ˷Ρ
ܿ͵˾Ƶ꣬˾׼˰Ҵ뿪ˡ
ľѩûסЦԷ˵̣̫ˣǸŰҲѧ
ûڳʱ룬Ц𣿡
ľѩص˵ͷģҵһμ̣Ϊǽ㡣
ЦЦ
ʵԭڽ͵˰̡
ľѩΪ׵Ц񾭷˾˵ģǸ廹Ϊ̺ܣ³ӵء
һתۿ
ǡüҲڿ
üҪ𣿡
˵ûһ룬׾͹˹ף˵ȽƵɡ
̫ˣû

˽Ƶ꣬ǰ̨Ϊï޸ͳ׷һλԱǰݡ
װжһŷݸľѩᣬСľΪǵ㶨ķ䣬ķǵĲһ㣬ҺСסһ䷿¿ʱǡ
һ䷿
߲ɿ򷽰ķ
ľѩֽӹ˵лл̡
յ˵ͬʱľѩͺܸˣյ˵棬ľѩԷ׵֪ڶݵļνӴʱ˴ĸĹۡ
ľѩָо·ǰķ֮ǰ˵Ǹ˲һоܿͱľѩˣΪһжΪ;˵ʵ֤ĳ
׵˾䲻ãɨľѩ᣺Լһ˿𣿻᲻Ầ£ҪǺ¿ԸС绰¥㡣
ľѩῴ˼ֻԷҲ䣬ȴҲŹġ
ľѩů巽ҡͷ˵µġ
һ
˵ݣݺܿ͵ľѩ¥㣬÷Աȥľѩᡣ
ȵݺϣټĿռֻʣ·׺ͼˡ
͸¥´ֻͷܶССģϡ
Ŀ⻹ûܴӷеķƿ̧۵ݲڻ͵ĿĲʱ۽ôסһ䷿
ᣬеĵȴ
šһͣ¡
ſļתͷ˵׷Ƿֿġ
߳ݣײЦЦģǸ˯һŴ



41 

ǰ仰ǼҪĴ𰸣 ں䡭ûôࡣ
ǰһܳȥɻû͡
Ҳתͷû˵
ܿ˵˷䣬 ׷ĲֺĳЩԢһ شҰ֮ĶУ Ҳܴ
׼ַʱѾ˲ԡ
ף
ʰ£û¥棬 ǸľѩͣԼϴ˯
磬
ŴصĴûųһ⣬ 谵ķ俴ʱǼ㡣
˯ĸ첲Ŵ 
óֻ ĵ롣
˯ˣ漣Ķо
֪ľѩʲô ᲻Ѿ¥ȥˣ
ȪƵ껹˺öĿ ȥ档
´ ЬλεĴ򿪷ţ ͼΪ¥ȥļľѩڵ̺ϣſڳ輸ϡдҵ
Ȼֻ̾һ䲻ѧԡ
ľѩ ̧ͷѯʣ̣˯ˣ
š££˯ҵͷ ô滹ҵ
ľѩᳶĨЦ֮ǰҪʲô˵ҪҵҲʹˣݽҳɼͲ̫ãµġ
̫
ҪûǴľѩɼǰǻš
⻹
룬ľѩǸȽϵġ
ƳۼҪ֪ǸʲôˣһѼֻѧϰӡ
ͼӷôʱ䣬Ƥû̧һ¡
˯ɤЩɣóƿϣһƿݸľѩִһƿµĸ
ƿǰ˶ٲŰõĴдȥ
ϴ󣬷׸˵Чپʹ
Ҳһֱѭš
׺ȹɤӺʣô¥ȥ棿дҲ١
ɨƿӣȻڣ㡣
ľѩḽһԣʱ򷽰˯ţȥתתģ˵ҪһǾдҵˣд꣬⼸ͿԳˡ
ľѩᣬû˵Ҫȷһˣ˵ǵȷһ
Ҳע⵽ľѩỰеġҪ֣ü뿴ļһ
һû˵Ļıƿߡ
ľѩỰȫһ
֪ΪΣͻȻӿɰһЦûס˫ȥϴһ£Ȼ¥
ľѩԹԵͷõķ̡
׵Цµָ𣬼ššһ
׸Ҫת˼£ʣҪҪ·ȥ
ðҰ·ˣľѩתͷԼ˵ҿԽķ𣿡
š
ʰúӷͼľѩѾҵ·վɳǰ
򻹴űװɳϣ׳Ҫߡ

̧̧֣㲻·
Ųͣ£ûС
ûӾװ𣿡ľѩᾪǰֻһûжģҪ¥ȥһɣ
˫ֻأҸ׼أ
Ǵˡ
˵̹Ȼȴš
ʰʱⶣ÷ҪӾ¸ϡ
ڸǴˣ
ǷеȻֱ̫ף򴽣ҿԲݡ
δ˵꣬ͼ׳Цһ£Ȼת䡣
ƤܿƵ£ֱ׻طҪ²ϲġ
ȻʮֻһȹߵĺɫӾװ˳
׽еӾװУð̶׼һףǸˡ
ץŹ⻬ϣɤڡ
лԼ˵ȥϰɡ
ҺСľ㡣
ľѩԼͣȥϰɡ

׸׼ӾڱصģϺͶȹһ
Ϻ󣬳˶·Ľϲ⣬ë
·Ȼ߳䣬߲ͣϡ
˵עӣȫޱ飬ûб˶ſߡ
ڷ׶Լʳϸĵ£ڵļļȣʵı仯
Ƶķɫûţ̰̰ףҲ˸еɫȥܽ͹ͷĸ첲ϥǣҲƤǵ״̬⡣
״Ӽı仯лعĿѡ·ϣͷԿ۹⻹ǲġ
ɫ䲻ıеܾ£Ļȴֽ˼࣬˷ͣϼе䡣
˶ʰã֣ɨľѩᣬ߰ɣСƯ
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ϰߴӷ׿бĳĸֿ佱ȱ΢ָй¶ʵ뷨
Ǹڷľѩᣬڵغˡ
̡Ȼ˵ƯԼƯġ
׵ӾºͼͬֻǺɫ׵Ǵɫ
ǶһȦߣǷ͵崿״ţȴŵɫ
ڸǣľѩỹܿǳ˲ŻеģĽĳϵ

ƵȪ
Ӻܴʮˣľѩͷˮ󣬳ӻܿ
ȳУֲСʱķɻͷгɵƣһɨգ泩
ױ۸ܵʮľѩʵ㲻һ𣿡
Ƥƶһ۾ͿϢŵˣͷдš
д
ʲôʱõҵ
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ľѩỹȰĺģ԰
̧ͷȻġ
ЦЦ˵ǵȻ֪ܡ
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ΪϴηҵǼ£ˮأڷҪȪʱûоܾ֤һ뷨
ΪΪʵǲͬΪ˷ֹڷ׺ľѩǰ¶㣬ľѩǰ¥̽
Ԥر
־ǵûмСɢĸڷӾرߣھرСĵطͣûǰߵ
ص䣬ѷڱӾ¡
һж׼ãûзסס
΢СˮȪ˴ˮ˳
Ų𽥿ż
˼û
ֱµƹ䰵鱾һӰʱŲվߡ
һ룬סʪģмˮӼ첲ϻ䡣
ûȼߴ鱾ƿǰӰ£һ˿ѹȸС
űʵȻս
ǵӰƺ˼΢΢ƫ£ѹ˲䵴Ȼ޴档
ͷڼĶߡ
Ҫ¡
شУܲȵЩʼȡ
ڶⷢǰһͷ׵ߡ
Ҫʲô
Ȫһʱԭ򣬷׵΢΢죬϶ˮ飬Ũ̵Ľëһ
üۺЦȴмᶨʹ˲Ծŷ
̻ᱣģýͼ˵ϴһ



42 

עһֱڷ׵Ļϡ
˵Ҫ£ ˵ϴһ˵ᱣ
Ϊʲôô˵
ߵһֱûˡ
ֱ屻ȰŲ״˳ӡ
ľѩὫϰ¿һ Ȼû׶Լ˵ʲôǰһ뻹ܾ룬 ȥʮֿҪȪļͱȪ
ûһ㷴ӡ
żĶ棬ľѩЦʣ ôСһҪ̺
塱̫ǣἰ˶
ˮ¶Щߣ δµðȴȪů⡣
ľѩᣬüͷš𣬡ûС
̫࣬ ľѩǵЦס
ľѩҧ ֪˵˻ ɼǵһô˵
бۼ̬ȣ ֲó׷ϵľѩᣬһ㶼ˡ
׿ڳرߣ öյķ˿ ľѩЦЦ ʣСҪҺ𣿡
Ҳû뵽úżľѩᡣ
׵ʻ ľѩϵ΢õ㣬˵ղ ڲˡ
ľѩỰﻹŸ״ζ
ûסЦһǱҺ𡫡
ľѩῴۼš
óľѩû£ײͷоô𣿡
ûио
˸ˮʱеˮ¶ȣɵȵ׺ľѩ˵ʱעûȪϡ
ˮ£ŵֻ֡
ˮǰ׵Ļ񣬱קҲûӦˮ󣬼𣬷ɿȻס֡
˿̣뷽ˮС
˦Ҳ޷˦
ֻܰţȴ
ľѩĽǶȿֻͷ׿úܽˮ½յ֡
ľѩһ˵һߣûиоԼܶ޴롣
Ҫ˽У׺ͼԸһ棬ͺ֪ˡ
ľѩῴˣ˵ĹϵԽԽˣûڼϿˣ⼸𷽰ףﶼû֮ǰ
ľѩϣڵķ̣û˻ᡣ
Ͼ޷׵ˣܱ鵭ȻԱߡ
ƺǲľѩߣľѩ볯ļһۡ
ľѩĿһͣ𼸷ǰ˵ӿļ䣬ʹľѩת˫ִڳرߴֻ
ֻһס
⽫˵Ļһ
ɣ˰ɣΪ˭һƢأ
Цţ²᲻˷־ȥľѩᣬתͶ˼ĺͫ
ǻûµЦץš
ף
ǣ㲻ȥôľѩᣬʲô
գգۣϷץĲգȥʵôˣ
̫죬ü΢΢˶١
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֪ʲôʡ
б۷ףû˵
Ȼܲϣ׿
׸첲ųرߣֱǾˮ׾Ϳˡ
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˲Ϣ䣬ֶѡ
ֻΪ׵ĺ䡣
ץֻּ̾˿ʣҪ˷־𣿡
ΪΪԼ㣬Žʾв
˫ۿŷףлް

VIPӾҡ
ƵĿ˴ΪȪ˻Ӿ̸רVIPõӾء
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׺ͼվӾرߡ
׵ͷ۽£תͷԼ˵ϰ
üֱ־һ
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΢΢ףá
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ȫеǸˣߵķס
ϴһ
ֹϴΡ
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ɿ֣ȴûд뿪ûκµĸо
ײ֪ЩʲôֻļʱͷŶԷĲҸʱ
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ָϼĺ󱳣ģǱһˮͺã濴㣬ûµġ
Ƥš
ûͣĶ£ߺˮ
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ؼҵǼ죬ȥѧУ÷ֲڸСｻԱϲ֮飬Ƿ׽̵ġ
һμײ˽ñŵ߸ȫʲô˼ӷ׵Ļѹ¡
ûһ˿ͷϸĺű֣ű֣һֻŵèʳһһεջű
ûӣ͵ߵ˷ǰ
ɿߵʱ򣬷׾ôģлҪء
𱴱ļ
ӹ׵ݸëĨȥϵˮ
ʮ󣬼°΢Űϵˣ˵ˡ
һҲ׼ˡ
ٴǱˮС
ʱһһȥ׾۾ؿˮеˡ
ʼҪҪ˷־ʱû뵽ӦΪУ飬һӦֻǾܾ
УǷԼûиܾ
οڳǰ¶㣬Ǽ·
ɼȴӦˡ
˵ζһ濪ļΣһɻΪʲô
˼ķףˮǶɫðͷʱµĶһ롣
֮ǰ׼ȥһʱ䣬ʮ롣
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̶̼ѾǺܺõĳɼˡ
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׵ͷʾǸͶʵľ
ԥ£ڳرߵ˵ȥӵ绰Ϣһһʼ
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ײ֪Ǹ˶õĵ绰ֻ֪ڹҶϵ绰תĳرû
ǵ᲻صˮ׵㿪ֻͨʱ䡣
ֶʮ롣
ߵرߣûüļμôã˫Уȴøˮµˣʱȴڳصһš
һ
ǡ
ͨ
ӵֻˮС
ŷ׵룬ӵˮ汻ˮˮϵĵƹⱻˮײɢ˻κָֻԭ
ˮµļʧȥʶǰ۵ǵ⵱
ˮ¡
Ϣļֻо§ס첲ľ
Ҳһ˲Ĵٴհף΢֮ʣ˼Ĵ
˫һУڵѪҺԣࡣ
ݵѹδѣлع˱ˮ档
ͬʱ§ֳߡ
ڼ΢ŴȡʱһģС
Լ
ۣԶһ˫ϸСȣصƤ΢ֻ̧ıӰˮΡ
ˮ»ѵá
ȵٿ׵ıӰջߣ۽ޡ
ŲƵˮϣӰıŵȡ
Ϊ룬һֱδ̽ڵ˴𰸡
ֻǣ
ǶԷˡ

лҪ˵
Сռǣ
ʮ¶աٺ١


43 

Сʱ
վſڣ ľɫߵ¡
ߵأͻأŵˣǶδ漰С
ڵƺûæ£ űڴ򿪡
ŵȿźɫЬ˫ţ ۰ַźĽֺڳ쳣
Ӿºķף׵ϸȹ Բ죬ȵСȵλã·׹кǿ ΢ֻΡ
ǼɿŰѣŤȥ
ڼûзһ ʱЦҲûš
ˡ
ŷױӰ ͻ̡
ǰӰһ£ ûлͷŲҲûͣ£ ֻߵķˡ
ɳƤվſһˣ ʲô£
ƽ ܵƽʱèβŵβ
꣬ 뷿䣬Ĭɳǰ
ȵһбɳϣ 첲ɳߡϴ裬õǴӼԡ¶ ɢͷҲˣɢڼ羱Ǳͷڸǣֻ¶һ롣
ɢģ˵һ仰ķΧ
뵽ûзϴ󣬷һԼڷ䣬ɳż
ײҲ˯ֻʱ֪ôԼ
Ӿҵ䣬һֱ¡
Ӿغ峺ܴ
ССһţͬһڵ׺ڳصףûֻΪװΡ
һ˲䣬ͣ
·ˮе
Ѽӳص̳ˮ棬ױŵҲûͣ¡
ǿ̣ġ
ˮֻŴ绰ûз֣֪»ҪѧӾ
Թ󣬱һ¡
ңϴʱ򷽰ֻš
üɳϵˣ´ִ׿ڴг
Ȼڷǰ̯֡
ʶɨǰ֣Ŀ䵽ĵˮζİǡ

һ١
׻û㶮ǰһĻʲô˼ͳͷ𣬡Ǹŵˡ
¡
ȻǸ
̧ͷ֮׵ľȺ󱻼С

׶ż˿ûдӶԷпӶ񣬻ƽĵȻ󣬷װƤǰ֡
ڰеַ·ܲᣬȻĵŷ׽ܡ
ǸӦġ
ǲ֪ôͻȻתӣϷ
Ʋü⺬ŷζҲ֪
һûǵ̣΢΢ףš
ӦĲ䲻ơԭҲУԭҲУҾ߸ӡ
ЦģĿڵǵɢȣ΢΢ֱͦΪǾܽ𣿡
ֲ꺢ӡ

ŷ׵Ļ˵һֱǰ˻ȥ
Ĺ¡
ûȷ׸ϡľԴ±ǩͿӿڴͳһ
һζİǡ
ף
ľͷԴ
ͬˮζµݵ˷ǰڣûԹ
㲻ϲû׼㡣
Ϊϰ˵ζܻӭġ
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뵽״̬׾ûڣҲûȥӣֻǷȣ˵ˢˡ
Ҫط䣬ʱŵֻĻ𣬷׾ۣ˸΢š
ҲֻֻͬģֻĻϵѷͱˤı߽ǡ
ץǵ߬߬Ȳࡣ
׻΢ţ̧Ҫʱ˵ͣ
ֻվñֱĿŷ׵Ĳ˵ȥޡ
ã׿ۼһбõġ
ֻҲͦʱ䣬һֱû쵹Ǹһᡣ
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ʣǮ
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˫ۻǰʲôܵģ
á˵һͣ¡
䵽࣬ߵǰ˵ҸǮԵģǸһ
֪ûлЩǮ
ҪֻͻȻͲôˣ˵ҲΣûҪһ
׿ۼ΢΢ษץص󣬰ŵõС
Ӽ˵֣׶һ ζһϲģ´μǵöתҡ
ﾲĵģƹЩۡ
ץĵطȣüºͷȥ
ϲû±ץĺۼ
֨Ŀ𣬼˹ȥ
ֻſָָĳţڳ̨ȥ˯
䣬žֹˡ
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ᵽװţ̵ıȵڳ̨һڡ
ţµġ
ȹġ
ϲţ̵壬ÿκȵʱٶһ
Ǹµһڣȴûо塣

лҪ˵
ǺţбС͡顱𣿣


44 

гȪΪ⣬ Ǹʤأÿοܿǰ
Ҳ뼸춼ھƵ·ϾͶԼľѩ˵ҪĴתת
˯֮ǰ ׶˸ӣϰļһƵڿ
ڶ췽׸˴
Ьšţ ʶľѩдҵĵطͿŶ ǰһ顣

ðɣ㶩ӣҲûм硣
ȥ˱ˮ ӳ߽ɳƳۣǱӢ顣
׵Ŀժһֻ̧ͷ
ͷ˯Щը ͷһƷ˿ ŷ׵߶һһεģ ԵƤ
Ȼȫûע⵽ͷΪΪ磬 ˮȲ˿˯ѵӣźֱע⣬ 
׺ˮ ˵ҽͣ СľϢԷ
ͣڷͷš
׼ڿ ֣ƽʱһ񶼲ģ 컹ûƿ
˼棬ǲӡӰӣ׿ͷָ̧˸
˺󣬷׼ûٿĵ˾
û¾ͻҼģҲ⣬ˮʣѵģ
㡣
һʣʲô
ʡ
ˮףζ
׷ˮȥϴһǵÿš
¼רעѧϰ
š
ȵתժ¶ֻͣ
ϴ󣬷׻·
׾ûѶ೤ʱ䣬ңľѩѾˣҲѾ͡
ľѩῴף̴ɳɵϺá
ۣ硫
漴׿Żѧϰļ˵ȳԷɡ
󣬳ŷ˭û˵
ֻ˰ξͱˣһֽ֣ԣȥʰ¶
׵İһֱڿɳϣңѴĶһһװС
Ǵ˲ԵС
űװеǣľѩῴҸղ˷Ա˵Ƶ¥Ķͯǵģ㻹Ҫ𣿳극ȥ
ľѩطʱڵ˼ͱûǵĵص㡣
˲ƳɳӦûߵĶԻŵ΢ɣãˡ
ľѩŶǾͺá
ףľѩСڳŷ㡭
ľѩ̧ͷţ
ľѩʱľѩ˻Żŵģܺ죬ʱ£ֻǴҴľѩһ䣬˵ûºûٹġ
ľѩỹ£Щⲻȥʣôˣ
ľѩ£Ȼ뵽ʲôڵغҡͷûûʲô
ʱ߹ʣʲôûʲô
ûû¡ľѩİ·׺ͼ׷ʣæתƻ⣬촩ÿ
ллҲܺÿ׿óľѩǲ뱻׷ʣĻ˾䡣
˲¼תһߣЦᣬСҲǡ
׹ǳЦĴŹһ˼С
ָֻӣЦġ
ɲ֪ΪΣܸоЦⲻ۵ףֻΪ˾ЦЦġ

ԹЪϢ˼Ӻͳˡ
˵ݣ
˺ܶ࣬ǰ̨ΧһȺˣǸһߣȥο͡
ɨȺеӰһζûô⣬ջ߼ǰߡ
߹սǣʱ򣬱ɨȺ˺̣
Ϥ
ͣ˽Ųѭȥ
ǿˡա
մǳɫţףǽţп㣬һ˫ɫ˶Ь
ߵǰصͬѧ
պһ̿ôҴк
ƳüʶȺеϤǸӰǺա
ľѩῴǰˣɻʣգôﰡ

տվڷ󣬶ڼûκηӦļյԷһĮ󣬺ֿ򷽰ףҪȥ𣿡
סšֻû˵ꡣ
սʣԴһ𣿡
Ҫ÷ĴС㣬ڷǰȴһֱŹԹŮ
бۺգ΢ţǰ˵ſˡ
Ӧһźգǣ֪𣿡
ᵽƼյɫ̫ãƲ˵һС
սżµ棬ҰֶæǮһ棬֮ǰǼΪϴηҵ¶תѧˣûңҼľѩᷢȦ⣬ҹġ

費ܣûѣҵǡ
۴ĸûоܾɡ
һѯʣס𣿡
ˡ
߰ɡ

˵ҪĴʱľѩͶԷ˵˹ԣԷװСεݰľѩᡣ
ľѩӹΡ
ǾƵ갲ŵģһСγǰǰһˣҵģΪյͻȻðˡ
Ϊ˷ľѩ˾ױǰ
ľѩϳ󣬷һתͷվԭضҲû
üôϳ
տۼҲʼ⡣
бۺգĬƵһߡ
׿һ
˲˵ҪôԸⰤˣ
Ŵͬţϳź֣ɡ
˳󣬷׾˾ȫľѩİţľѩ˵ȥľȥġ
˾ˬĴӦˡ
ǰ˵Ľ̸׻ۡ
嶩̫ˡ

ױ׼һ¾ͺãų֪˯ˡ
֪˶ãͣµͬһʱ䣬ǡۡ
Ľëֿ΢صƤ˾ʮһˡƿ
ɸۣ׾ʶ˲ԡ
˭ļ
װŵֺס롭ϳʱߣұǺգͷƫġ
ͬʱ󿴣ĲӳС
ƣͷƽ·ޡ
˯ģ
ż˯ˣŪ˼·
ûƿֱ漣
һְڼۣС˯ˣǹġ
Աߺղ᲻صĺһȻĵû˯𣿡
ǰŶˣĻ˯⣬ȥֱ賿˯š
ᵽ׸оŵ彩˽Ȼ˵˯
ף
˵ԣֻ˵˵ѣջ֣ǳЦ˵Ѿ˯ˡ
ܾѾ³ĺûסЦһڼͬʱշųţԷ˵̣³ˡ
ûע⵽³һ̣ճżü
˵ھƵ겻һ
ձ֪ΪʲôԼǵǼ˵һֺ󣬺վ֪ˡ
ͣ˽ϵһС̯ǰ
ľѩ˵ҪƷ÷װæһ¡
Ϊʲôüߺ
ΪԼЩ£ľѩʵǺϲգϸҲ죬ûʺա
ڼʲôֻ˵ţľѩû
ľѩֻʷףҲĵĸľѩŽ顣
ѡţͺվվߡ
Զһ˸Ե˵ŻҲһǶûע⵽߼ͻײһˣҪײʱӷֻ֣Կֻץס˷׵ĸ첲ŷҪײˡ
ֱ߹ûз¡
Ƿ׿ͻȻק뻳ɣô𣿡
ɿ֣˵û¡
ף
ûקʲô
׻ûʣֱľѩˣ̣ÿ𣿡
ûּľѩѡš
λĬĬۡ
תͷѡƷˡ
ڼͣһȻתͷ

лҪ˵
Сأôһûͱˣ



45 

ľѩѡҪƷ ׼˼ǰš
״īס˴·ȴóƯ Ͼīֻסûסҡҷɢ¡
Ϸ߻ΧŵˣŮ һŮ䡣
ʮòѾ£겻̫ı䣬 ֻϻ˵òҲԺӵġ
ͣͣ䣬 ˶Ҫɽµķ羰ˡ
û˼ֻǾ̾˵ĳࡣ
ͶϵĿ޶ãǶĿϰΪ˶û̫Ӧ Ĭظڷ
ľѩᱻ̫˿ ϵ ˵ʱҲΪ˵Ŀ֧š
˽˹սǵһС꣬ƷһЩС
ľѩСð㺦ߵӷ͸īܿ ĳӦʱˡ
ƳŻܡ
ѭż߿ȥ һèҼչС

ߣ ʣҪ
ջߣ ûС
ȻһͿûдֻǹҼϵèβŵģ ɶ࿴˼롣
ûʣҪĿĲ ˻̵󣬷µ
ͻȻĿʹü
Сض˵ҪҪȥСľ˵˵
ܻ⻺ľѩ
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¡
ÿǼҵۣҪcp۴飬ᱻɣ
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תһߣͬѧأ
մӸտʼͱˣ׽˸Ц˵ûС
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Ѿùˣҡ뿪
īת˵߰ɣȥһ㡣
ľѩȸ˷뿪տۼҲ˵ꡣ
ʱޣľѩֻΪľ㣬˻һʱˡ
Թ˻ص˾Ƶꡣ
һֱǷ״˶һ죬ߣ׾Լ˲١
еۡ
˷䣬ЬûбɳϣͷɳϢ
ŵ°˲ӾγɵɢĪûЬʶļͣϵ߶˼롣
΢ŵĴǳǳţͦϵһ˫ţëš
Ϣָ֫ϵ뿪ʼʧ
̡

Ƥ
ˮվɳߣ۵һ룬ӵݵǰ
£ֱӹӣлл
š
׾ٵߵıӷ£𣿡
ⰵ˰Էܲ³˼е⡣
֪ǣ¶ûв£һ۾Ϳˡ
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š
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⻰û˵ĬĬ˵Ӿ
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Ҳѹ֣ڷ˵ģͺ£Ҽϳŵ棬ǳġ
Щȴȣ˵Ӿûйϵ
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죬ΪǶǼ̬ȡ
ԡ
Ƥ
ҪԹҵĻ
֣Ӳڼڴ˿̣
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ǵӾңֻһ棬ȷߵرߣǸϰ뿪ˡ
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׸˼ӾƵǴӻ̵ġ
š
׵˵ͷǿʼɣô
Сʱ
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һżĸһƹһˮµĲλͬĵطĵ¶ȴһӾƤ
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ˡ
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׻ûü̼ճɹγļǺһˮ
ˮδֹӦӦð˳˫ֲԾĴˮ档
ڷ׸ڼߣ״æ§
ڱܣڷ׼˫ֹ˷׵Ĳ
ں޲ӵһ
Ŷ̵ĵͿĴżĺ󱳣Ǹ̾Ƕ㡣
û뵽Ӧô
֮ǰ˵ʲôûһ⣬Ҳû˼˵˳ô
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߿ͣƶĶϣĳ¶⣬ʵû֣ǳˣܽ֡
󣬿ͣ¡
׿ˣһĽëۿΪԶ죬˫һֱߡ
һʱֲǲˡ
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׸о˫ָ侾ŵĶ䷢죬¶ߡ
ûסֳһ¡
ڶʱһģ뷽׶С
ɿ
Ӧɿ֡
֪ʱջ˴羱˫ۣһɿĶ䣬ԷͺԶ˷ס
һ衣
ǡŭˣ
ҪȥҸɡ
ǸӣҲ̲ʲôڿȫǼǿ
ãת
˵ˣûټ֣ڼ󣬻
רעûпеӰſ뿪
彩ԭأ뷽ӵһĻٴθԺô˦Ҳ˦
վͷˣԷת̬ȡ
Һ񣬲ֻת̬ô򵥡
յͷֻĻʾȦ
мһСʱǰģѵıעǷס
ףϲ
İ»һͼһèҼС
ǸҼպ죬ۿӻժȻ

ľѩ᱾з׺ͼ¥ȪûлӦϢҲû˻أֻ¥ˡ
ȪֻкһڣΪյһľѩ˵ҪӾҿûڣ˭֪ն졣
ľѩᴩӾ£գ𣿡
ֻûڣû
͵ʲôû
ѾϢ˰ɡľѩԥ£գ㻹Ȫ𣿡
Լݰɡ
˵꣬뿪

лҪ˵
Сľһ˵ȪG


46 

ڶڷ׵׷Եģ ֻȣһա
׳Ժ÷û뿪ǿˣ ͬѧ
̧ͷ´ ˵̽հɡ
ĩ˺ֲ߱ġ
ףա
ʲôԷ˵Ҫֻһƺѡ
ն£ üš
ףҪغˣôŵģһҪУ
һ𡣡˵
һ𣬲ǡ
бŵļɫؿۺա
ע⵽˼ 뵱ûпת䣬ż΢°͡
ûעջС˼Ҳû˵Ļ ȥɳ
ľѩὫһУ ԵĿ˺ ͷԷ
ڵĵ죬̷غС
˵⣬ ðˡ
컹úõģ𴲣 ׷ּˡ
÷ǵװҩ ҳü¡
ҩЧ£ ˯һ·ʱʱͻ鿴
żĲգп ǲͼദгһˣ
ûҲûлϷ
Щǰᣬ ȻǼ˯ŵ²Ųġ
װԷЦ
Ҳ֪ЦʲôֻǾദΧĺܣ˵֡
̧֣Ӷ߻յķ˿һԣĶСģ»Ū˯ˡ
ָҴҴϵ̺ӣײŲϢ
ë˲סɤӵĸɬƤƿ
ǴֵķףСī֣סֻʣ±µĲλ¶ڿС
ð±ЩʲôζļûųԽǳǳЩζɷ쵽ǰʱϤ㴫У˼
ͬϴθգӺڰлһģ
ʵ͸÷ֵģŮ˴İȫУֹǰˮоȳǴΣҪٿǰ

ò
ߴӷ׵ߣһߵĺնӵ
ֻһۣջ񣬱Ϣ
赭дģ̼˺գһɤڣϲµģܡ
ںճһϾɹʱ򣬶ߴľѩһߣˣô۸
ղתͷ۸
ֻ۾ģ
ľѩѺյıΪֺľȣ۷ףСԺ˵۸ҪǱ֪ǲͬһġ
ľѩ˵ĺܶԣ޻˵
Ȼ֪
֪ˣֻ֪ΧڼߣײŻע
˷ɻձ˾ߡ
Ƚľѩ͵¥£׿ߵˣôõ𣿡
š
ʹˣ˵²µġ˵ҪȥҽԺ
ˣЩƣҩС
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׾û֣á
ȥðõĲˣûȫãҪҩ
СʱųҩڳԹ󣬼¥ǰͷдҵ
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š
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˵ѡ񣬡ᡣ
šľѩ˵꣬˺ü롣
ľѩлû˵룬ľѩûҪڵļеıڲݸֽϵ˵㣬Ҫ˵ʲô
ľѩᷢ˵ʡ
ȵעתصʱľѩʣҿһ𣿡
ڼҳ
ľѩĬĬСҵ
£ʰɡ
ľѩһϴڵ㲻ôҵʱû˵һ¡
ľѩŵӣš
ǡľѩ⣬ʣŮŮǡ̸𣿡
֪ľѩмҳеĺúӣԹŮܳϲӡ
ľѩʵǹģŮһôˣ
ľѩ¼ᣬæ͵ûʲôϴھƵ꿴Ů֣һ𡣡
ľѩ϶˵ţңͦȵġ
˵꣬ľѩû˵绰ǰľѩῼǹҪҪʼ벻ʵģ⼸ԺʱʱðĻ棬ѾӰ
ľѩỹǾ˵һ£ϵãҲᳰЦģֻм
绰Ǳ߳Ĭһϲ޹Ա𡣡
ľѩһٶҲô˵ġ
ʵʵĳǸ档
ҲľѩҪʵġ
˵ľѩԥհסк棬ʣ׻ʲôо
鵭ȻҲ
Ȼֹ
ֽͣϡ

лҪ˵
ʲôо
Сͣ㲻˵ҶT^T
pûҪдcpྰɡ


47 

ͻȻֹ ľѩᲢδԣΪʳľѩʶһ£ ˾䣺ˣҲ֪ġ
ľѩмѣ ղŵǸǻܵõ𰸣ʼ꼶һô ˵ˡ
ޣš
бŵ˵˳ľѩ˿ Ƶһɨա
ЦŶԼ˵ʵҰٶˣ˵ŮŮס
˵˰䣬ľѩǱûֻ ûп
˻ ľѩͲ ҳԷȹ
š
ȵ绰Ҷϣ ֻŻصԭλá
ֻԽӲ˼롣
ѹߣ űʵͣ棬 ɼע ȴ޷ټеϡ
ʲôо
áҲ֪شľѩᣬΪûй־Ȼǲ֪ǵҲ˵ڣ ԺȻֳ׵
Ƶ꣬Ӿء
һţ صס
ʱעȫһϣѼǲ˷ôȵ
ҫ۵ˮǹ⣬ˮºͶеӿС
еĻصôˮ棬սϢΨ˴ġ
˹
ġ
Ǵľꡣ
ɡ
Ҳİɣ
֪ʱ˱ʣֻС
ȵĻѾ
ŮŮ
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ŮŮʲôо
ŮŮô̸
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ü
ǰһѵģǣ
һԲߡ
䲻׿ָʲôһиһżյֿ
֪ΪȷвǷȷֻǺС类ȼָĻϿͣ˼룬˵
һ룬롣
룬»Ļʱ
ڿʲô
ƾճһ˵

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ϤĵϵëŨܣҲԲڻˣָҲܺá
һСݮ󣬷׳ֽ֣ʱƳ輸һǡ
ҩ
˼£űɳϵıȥСҩòáðá
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ϵ彩һ룬ʶǷ׺󣬲ɫֻ̧򷽰˵⡣
ǲƽĺܡ
ڷ׿ĵطսֻŵͺȻӿƽ
ûпĻʾݣбϵϰᣬԼĻ޿ɣҩŵϣȰҩˡ
лл
׵˾䲻תҪ뿪
еı£ΧβתȦȻ˼ϡ
׳ֹ
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ҪԼ˵ϲҲܹţתͷϼڵ˫
ļ£ܾý̫Ծ۵̲صŨ
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׵ߵĻӲתˣ󴽸𣿡
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´ӴĸûС
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Ҫ˵֮ǰƵķ䣬Щܰ仯ֻǶ˼װ϶ëߡ
Уͷϰŵĺա
״ӳҳ󴽸ֱ࣬ͼվſڲԶ˫ڵĳط
ѭż˹ȥͬƬ
ƬǷ׺ͼĺա
еһǰľѩĵġ
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ջߣЦôϴġ
⣬мľѩͺյģԼ˵ĺնϴ˳ڵͷģһš
ץסᣬ˵СľյҲϴˣսˣҾúÿİ棬ô
عͷÿ
Ȼ⻰ɲǴӼ˵ģ⡣
ЦЦĶµģûù
üһķεСϺӣԲ״ͬ
ӹҿӡ
źķƵĸ壬֪ҪָŪ
üԾ壬׼ȥǩ
׼ûʶʣҪҰ𣿡
꣬Լ͸˴𰸣á
˭֪ºţ鷳ˡ
˼룬ع˵ȥϴ֡
ղűèġ
Ӻ󣬷ֽϵˮգ򿪸ӣָڸת˸Ȧ
վԭأŷ׵ľٶ
Ҳ֪ôʹӦˡ
Ǿǩɡ
ָٵǰָüſ졣
ȵĴ΢΢ſ׹Ÿָ˼ϡ
ָ¶ȾŸ壬ָڼƶϮڴ䡣
ͿĨú󣬴ֻбһ㣬Ļֻ˾úء
ϵָƿ
´ǲء
ƿָ˻ָڼĴϣ˫׵ָס
ס۵׻һĨԵĻҡ
ȴΪȻסָڼĴߵ˵㣬˵ûĨȡ
ߣš
סӣװѴУ㣬ɵʱĨһĨȻѳѪ۵ġ
ûػϵĻױžָĦŴ
ǰһ룬ǸָŴϳߡ
ָϵĸ壬ǷŪġ
ɻǻвŵĸɣ
ļӿһ¡
Ĩô࣬תͷվһԣʣ𣿡
㡭߬
ţ¶⡣
״ɿ˵˾䡰ûˡͷҲص뿪˷䡣
׸еһ˿Ī

ص䣬ڴ˺һ
ü˱仯
֪˶ãֻ㿪Ҵҹص
ûٵģֱӴ֪⣺ŮŮʲôо
һҳ͸˼𰸣
𣺺𣡡


ͣϲݮζ󴽸࣬
вݮ

лҪ˵
С̵ָͣǲݮζģ


48 

ʱҴҶ գۼ䵽ʮ°Ѯ
䣬׼ĩȥ򼸼һ·ͻȻʱϡ
ܵĩ ÿֱ̫²Ż Ҫȥ֡ԤԼ

˫ָüģ̾һæ Ա֮£㡣
ƽġ
̧ͷͿɳϵˣ £һͷգïɵɢڼ羱˿˿ɢ
ŵƤ΢΢ƿ Ǽ  ˡ
ᣬůɢ˼ڵ⡣
΢΢ףš
ױű ڱͷš
Ỻᡣ
ļһĻ 㲻ǰ
ű˼ ֵ˷ǰ
ڼƹɳʱ֪ģ һصһֱ¥˵¡
Ȼʣôˣ
϶ͣëָ죬 һ˲һ˲ĴС
ߣһҳᡣ
һ ϸѯʣҺ˵
⻹Ƿ˺һα֪ͨҳᣬ֮ǰļҳᶼ÷ȥģΪ˼
¶Ȼ£Įš
ͻȻת÷һ漴˼ó
ǡȥ
ҪЦЦȥ
ŵɶ£ҵѧУſڽ㡣
ȥ
ҡҡͷܾ֪ġ
ܾҲûӦһ
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ûԥ˵
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á»ش
׼£ѯʣᵢѧϰɣ
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ڣĺУҲŽ
ڻеİӶ˶䣬չ֫һ룬Ӻ˷ףֱ˵ϣߵͷȡ
ӣڻУָĶ䣬ӷĺ
һһè´ʮ룬ȵû౴ʱ֣ˣҰɡ
ΪһһȻٰѱġ
˭֪˵Լб

ҪܽжҪ
ϼǳӣ˾䡣
Ҳ뿴ڱλû´




޹ĳֻһ񣬺ܿ־ջȥˡ
Ƥҡ
ƽƽµϸ΢Թƽ
۵ײЦ⣬ֻұˡ
ȵè̤¥ݵʱ򣬷׸еģŷӦ
ôè


Թ緹׿̳
һϴǰ㣬֮ͬķΧϴȺǢ࣬ȻϻǺޱ飬û
˽һҵ󣬷ָһ·ʼô򴽲
üϲ
΢΢ףС
õȡ£ֽ˼󣬷׶Լ˵ȥ¼һԣѡϲġ
ŵȥ¼䡣
˵˼ת˫ۻվڲԶ߹ȥЦ˵С㣬ԼСá
ҵԭԱҲЩţʶǡ
΢΢һЦû˵
򼸼·ãҲΪͺˣʲôֱӸ
·ڼ䣬Ŀڵɨ˼ۣһɫȹУ״æ˵С㣬Ǽ·ʺҰɡ
׵ͷ鷳ˡ
ȵ·ףǡüӻ¼
׶Լ˵Լ·һ
šһ
ѡõ·ȥվ¼ĵطŷס
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﷽ٴγȥ󱳵ûЧͷǿ治
ײק¾ͷƤۡ
ֻ÷˵Сܽһ𣿡
⣬ԥҪҪȥ׵͸ִУ߰ҽһ¸ղŵĵԱ

˵˨Ÿտ죬һӰ˽
¼Ȼͱӵ
գգۡ
ţˡ
Աûпա
Ŷû̫ģ˭ԣֻҪܰСתżͷˣҾòã
˵ֲ꣬˾䣺·Իͷܶϣһ㣬ۡ
·ͷһȥ
Ŵ֪
װѵں󱳵ͷõǰֻ±סһ縷˿
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ƷĹߣÿС¾ŵ
ڼ䣬ָȻס
Сķ䣬ʹԼ޷Ŵ
Ĩͷϵľζܵ粻Ǽķ˿Ųģ塣
˴ǻ죬˼ĺϵĽҲһģǡΪڼƻеʧ󣬲һ屻˳⿪
Щ飬һֱѭ浸ء
ִɿͷֽƷ˿õһԡ
·vſ¶ļУֻһ۾ͱߣЩƣס
Ķᣬûһо֪ѾˣΪ£ţ
ŵβ
µĽëס˼лް˵⿪ˡ
¿ü
ڼ˵ˡ󣬷תʣ·ÿ𣿡
·úϸµιճȣϰҲһ
ϵӱǼ䷢һš
ܡ
ֻݼ̬ȡ
׶ż룬¼ĵղǺ㣬Ӱ¿ı飬׽һǰͬʱ˫۱
뿴ʲô顣
׵Ŀ޷̧ʱѾǰ಻ʮס
ûͣ·׻쳣ʶҪ˺󣬿СС¼䣬˵ŻŲŲ뷽׼ľ롣
Сûӹ׵ۣüƵ˵䰢̺ÿ



49 

ʮס
ŷ׵ٴ ֮ľֻʮס
¼ĵƹٻҰǶҲܿ˴ϵչü ̵Ľë촽ԼʱϢʹӱǼ䷢ǳǳ
̫ˡ
ѾѼİȫ룬 ģΪܾ롣
סܣ
ʺϤ ǰһС
ϴ󿴵ݣжͲÿ֣Ƕα˿˻д ޸еġ
ԣֻǱ˵ƷǱֶѻѧƷֵо ɡ
ɼʱȴòϣ ǶΪȤд شӡ
ǸһνӴſ࣬ƽʱ ֻ־˱µ顣
֣ǼĴ㡣
ۣ ҪεЩԺϢ
ɷײڶ𣺡ô˵
˼ϣ ƿƤ ëţ˵ʲô
ƽϸǿװ򶨵Ĳ
Цһ
Ц繳 Ūżҡ
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ԹǰñŽΪ·
÷֪ҪȥҳǿģȻŷغһ˵ţǰȥЩҳҵҶݣʦС͵ʱмҳСǳĳɼ붼֪ܣ
÷˵ԷЦ˵СȥˣǼ²˵ӦҲ˵ʲôˣСҲᱻ˵ˡ
÷Ļ÷ʵ˵ЩػҲٸۣ˵ģֻǱô򵥣֪÷˵Ǽ˵жݡ
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ף
з׵˲ǺȷǲȷϺɻ
Ҳδ˵ΪԭѣŤͷĵط
ֻһۣԭء
һźɫװ޵Ů˴Ӽͣŵĳͷţȵ°ʹβţɫŮ˴ţһҲףֻ˵ĺұ
Ů˿׵ıӰʱֻǻɣתͷʱֱӾȷˡ
Ůֱŷףֱֱ
ŷ׵ı飬ŮǹĨаȵЦָ𷽰׵ǰķҵĺࡣ
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״Ůгͷ̧ͷǰˣֻŮ˺ȻǵЦ˲佩˽øŨ
ڿŮ˻ؿ򷽰ף³ͷУҪٳʱŮǰһڷ׶ߵ˾ֻõĶ
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˵꣬Ůת·ߵĳļڣŮЦŷף΢¡
ʻУſڣУſײѹͷŮ˿ĵط
ԶԶĳ
ĺȻͶ

лҪ˵
Сͣллҵ硣
ףŲʲô
СͣΪ
ٵļӸTT ̫


50 

ķ羰ˣ ӰûҪο飬ֻԽԽշζ
ûȥ׽һľ󣬻 עͣĨ
ѧУϳһ·ϣ û˵
䣬 Ҳϲദʱһ仰˵Ҳǳе״̬ϰߡ
˿̣ ΪǸŮ˵ĳ֣
ײȷûпŮˣ˵ûпŮ˵ĳ࣬ûϳ
½õ ½ϼܾ ķɣ Ыˡ
˵йڼľߣ붼ġԭ½õĶţ Ǽȥ˾ϲʽʼģûȥǰ ½õҲЩ΢¡
Ʃ磬 ϴηұֽŵĳ
ü壬 ½õǾ䡰ҵĺࡱӦ½õ鵽ʼġ
Ȼԭȥڻң½õķôע⵽ һ㽻ʶûУ½õͻȻ֣ Ϊڻҵ˵ڡ
½õ˵Ǿ仰üû㶨ǵ˷ɡ
³һ
״Ӱ˿ǣǻʱﺬǣ·Ѿγϰߡ
˺װ֦ǹ𵭵ڳᡣ
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װ˳װɻʣղѧУ·ǸŮʶ𣿡
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֪¥µ̵ʱɺ΢񣬵߳ѧ¥Ƴ۷֮ǰȹĵطͣԶ
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ش𣬷˿ֻҪû½ͷйϵУȻԼıǣ»Ϊֽ׶λΪָʹġ
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šҧǣϼͶߣߵͷ
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ദԬ˽Ϊˣ**ǣǿͣѧϰͷ㡣
еѧҵжأԬģһѧϰ֪ʶһߵѧЩѧŽӴĿγ̣ȥ˻Ƶһ£ȴɫĽš
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󣬼óֻ㿪΢ţбеĶԻµʱɾڿյģããġ
Ҳ˵ӹ˾ߵڣûյµϢ
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ۣɢů⣬ֻȶֻůģ˱𴦡



51 

žյվԽԽ ϵĳ˿𽥱٣󵽴³վʱֻʣһˡ
žડ ſֹرա
ǿ̣ͬʱķȥ
쬹ι û˹ıӻֱӴϣ ë£ͷƳеס
·̹룬׾û Ǽһֱˣºš
ͬһ𣬰ִ˶ ̧ǰߡ
̧ͷ ĽŲ˲ס ӽԭء
Ĺǰһλɫ£ ΧɫΧŮվлֻè ߬èǣ
Ůͷֻ ƺûпҪģ ƵƹŵԵǵıڰҲ塣
Ů˽ֻڴͷԻè˵˼仰 ͷ̧򹫽վ㡣
ͬģŮ˿վһļ
˵ڿн㣬 ˴ж˲
ŵü˲չüǱЦݴ棬С
ᣬᣬȴֱ˼ġ
˫⶯ɤǱס˰㣬˵ţֻܴӱǼ䷢һš
׾֪Ӧվǲ𣿿
ǲ붯ǿ׺˫Ǧ˰
׵Ļƽĸ˫ȵѪҺŵƹµŮˣС
վûжȼߵǰȻһתߡ
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ˣ˷÷ıǼ⣬ڷź졣
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˵룬ûȵػ˶Ҫ˵Ǵ˻ûӣ͵ˡ
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롣
װ׵ϴȻ˼ǰҧһڣ

£Ѿŵ׵ʶҪܾ
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ûȼȥԣѾ׵ݵߡ
ֻСҧһڣԽ󣬿ʱ㣬׽֭ˮڿб

ü
ιԹ׵ͷһҧһڣûŵüֻоǻɨǡ
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˵ŷ״Ӽﱧת߶űǰš
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׵ܣûůֵĶҲȫȻû⡣
⼸յĪ˴𰸡
ԭؼ룬Żȥ



52 

˻˼ң Ҫ÷Ѿ׼ˡ
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лл 댝˵Ļ
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͵Ϊл˼ гʱûƬͣٵ˵ֻǵл

֪ûô׸лˡ
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53 

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һٷܿûж Թ뿪ˡ
˵ʱʱ˵ĻȽǺˣ ײòϣ һʱܷɣż䣬 ͬѡ
ױǰٻһΣһ췢Ϣ ڶյĻţ ˵Ѿڹ⣬ ´λعԼ
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תͷһŸʺŵֽվһԣûӣҪŪͷŻ˵Ŀġ
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54 

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55 

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56 

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˵䣬ŷ߳ͨżŵˣŷ׵ֽ˽š
տ˽յ֣ǰӭӵĶסֱߵǰŽе̡
Щͣʣôûбŵ
ŷ׵ʻһ̿ҪֹľѩᣬȴѾˡ
еġľѩЦŵһֱһꡣ
ձͷôҲû뵽ľѩῴȥģӴúܣ˼תܣľѩǱŵһ㶺󣬴ǰʹġ
ŶߵЦתͷҪͣ׺ͼŵ֣һʱķתߣ߰ɣȥԷˣ
ԹĿ뿪ֳ
׷ֱľѩջ˼ңǵҺѾ㣬Ѿˡ
һţڱǼ㣬ϻһĿյ⡣
վԭأų÷Ӱ÷Ҵ˳Сͣտ֡
÷ڨЦ˵㿴ԣҪСҴ绰˵ȥյ⣬ҶǽˣС绰磬ʱ׼
źۼˣ漴תͷ÷˵лл̡
лл÷ŷ˵С㣬С͹ҪԵȥ
סšһ֣ߡ
Ϊڹݱ֣ĶȻС
ǡǣְ㡣
۽޴¡

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״Ҫ¥ȥҼʱ÷첽¥˵С㣬λˡ
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¥ͼһȹĳɳͷŲ衣
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׿ʲôҪͣ
ƺ˷׵󣬳ЦŵشӰóһźɫ˵ҲʲôҪᣬǳ칦硣ְ־㲻ȥû㷢־ţһҲͶʮˣʱýֹ˾飬ȥЩ尢̼棬ϤϤ
˵Ҷ˵ӦòȥģϾɹˣܲЩԼ
˵䣬ѾƵ˷ǰ
ϵļīɫǹĨЦ
ӵһۼʱ򣬷׾;öԷ򵥣Ϊ룬־佫ƹģʵҪĨڷïӡ
ڣȻֱӾʹ̽ûм̳й˾˼
꣬ͿʼΪ·
׶Էï޵ĲƲûһ뷨ϾĴ㣬пһҪ伣ˣͷ¶ȥ˾
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лл̣˵ĶԣҶʮˣ֮ǰһ¡
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һһҰ֣óϵЦ˽
Ϊ׻˺ˣȻһֺУԵԷȻ˵Ҫֹ˾˼
ⲻġ
ָܿԭҪ˵Ϳ¥ͻȻһˣĮؿʱʣС𣿱˺öడ
תͷͼˮ¥
ԭ򣬷׵ûü仯жֻͷ˵㣬˵㣬ԣԶԶȥ롣
һ̨ף׿Žڳϣеˡ
꣬
У˿ڲ裬򷽰˵һֱ߶˵뿴ɼңм׵ģõòУǡ
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Ļ㳣˵Ҳܲµ
֪㻹һӺ󣬾Ͷûˡ
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üȴ仰
ǰԸҪԸҲûʲô⡣üţǲ֪˭

Ц뿪
׿ų뿪ȵ÷ţһֱŵü䡣
ЬĦתͷͼˮӳ˳
ԷͶһĮ
ˣ֪ģʶ˵̿Цġ



57 

˵꼸 ҲûӦΪʲôҪԼ͡
ȥܣһȥģ˵˷ֻֿǶ̶ܣ ȷ׻ع󣬼ûб仯 ͵ʾǴǸʱʼԽ
Ǽ赭ԣ ײŻʶڽͣ¼ֱ˴ǰǸԸӵˣһˢĺøеݼ
 ¶ĨЦӦŶ
Żɫ䣬ĿҲͬɫϵü䵭ߣ ţ ó
Ǿͺã ׻һɳϣ ʵҵдҪҪȥӾһ£
¥ ׵ʻ ¥ĽŲס ʣҪȥμ᣿
ǸʱˣʣΪ˵µ¥
һˡ
Ŷû⣬ ¿ڣ˵ ء
¥ţȥ𣿡
´ҵдˣһֱŹ˾飬¥ǰԬָµļû
ײ֪ʲôǴӼٳٲӦҪܾ
¥ݣ¥ţ㲻ȥҲȥˣȹɡ
˷һ̨ףˮšָҪӱǼ䷢΢ź˵ҵӾڹٴ죬Ҫɾɵˡ
˵תͷԼ˵ϴѡǵ𣿡
ǵá
ɫӾ£οգ棬Ըеơ
Լѡġ˵
в
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׿żΪ˵ÿġ
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ȻҲôϣϾü˵ÿ֮٣ƽʱֻһţֱӲ˵ͷʾ⡣
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ͻȻתĻ÷ɻ󣬡ţʲôСʱ
϶¥ظһ䡰ȥӾתߡ
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صңѷ׻μ칦߸˷ïޣܸˣֱӾ͸״˵绰û˽ӡ
ïޱΪæ㷢Ϣȥ
˼Ȧ˰ЪţԶˮζӰϵˮһߵֻ
ͷ[ԤԼʦţǵòҪ]
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ëϵˮȥվڷߣӸµؿŶԷϣҺһȥ𣿡
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ȵ׽ӹë赭д˵Ǽر顣  
ײӾʲôرģƤƶϼǶ΢Įߵûʳ
Ҳˮˮ߮

ڶ죬ʦһ㵽ˡ
ʱ򣬷˯÷ѵġ
ںİ˽ķ䣬ԵҪʱ׾ܾˣ÷żȥ˲ԡ
ķ䱻ռ죬צӺ˸¥
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ӦΧĵˡ
׷ɫѩףûһȸߺ覴ãױûлúأᱡϸüüʹţüת临ˮߡ
ױϢ֪˲ԣǻױʦۣ㻯ëۿ˼ܵױײŻּᷢĴڡ
ô¥ˣֲһҺ㡣
ع˳űëš
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סšһ˾ллʱױʦ֡
۾У˴⣬˵ױ΢תͷʼҪҪͿں죿

ûȼͬǾܾѾлױʦѡõļɫŰϡ
ûб˼ֻǵüվǶԻױ¸ȤϾ͵Сǰ͡
ױʦܿͰѿںϡ
ɨۡ
׶Լ֣˵ѡ
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ץץΧèҲ

μû˵ɺǰ˷ǰ
ױʦʱ˵СֱɫѡúٸС㻯
šüɨ棬ָߵĿں죬ɫǳĵķɫҲЩ
ֻſںֱ£ӡǴָǰС˵ںɫֻжֵĲͬµɫ졢ٺ죬һҲǺ졣
־ٵߣȶºָ
ʷ׵
ԡ˵
ױʦ֣ɫҲҪСͿġ
Ǿ˵΢°ͣ΢š
ױǰ׵ĴϱͿ󴽸࣬ʱڹ£žӨۻ
һĻſںֲ߬⻬ӡָӡ
ΧڷΧʦȥѡ·ˣױʦλڷԷ״ʱģֻһС
ҪŷС°ͣᶶױʦҲױٳٲ㿪ָš
˵䣬ױʦŲŲţҪߵߣżôͿġ
ȻױʦһױʦŲʱѾֵס˷ײָŷ׵򦣬һֱں˷״ϡ
˳ŷ򣬶ػ
źŷ׷۴졣

лҪ˵
Сͣϣ˱ġ


58 

ú ῪʼʱҲˡ
·ϣư̫ĸ¥䣬Ⱦ˵ıƸΧ ¥ĲӡųȻɫ͡
죬ů紩϶복ᣬ ˷׶ޱߵķ
ûᣬɷ÷˿顣
Ӻ ¥ס˹⣬ʱ
׻ߣزͷһߡ
Сϳû˵ Ҳûֻ֪ʲô
˵ǻ׻ƾʼʶԼиһ֪⡣ڣ ȫ²͸Է˼ ϵ΢飬 Ѿþû׽ˡ
ֻܴӶԷżüữǲǹȥ۲졣
ʮĺӣ һЩ˻Ҫ졣
ǹ裿ѹЩһ˳ӿнʯ˻أ ȴһĴ ޲
еĲ̫࣬ У޷Ե̽
ôˣ
û˿ĵط һֻ޴߬
ƽ˷ףɫؽĿϵȹӣ ɫʺ㣬Ϻܺÿ
Ȳֻſв֪ʧ仹ңΪ׵Ƿ̽Ƿʲô
ۣ˵Ҳǡ
㿴ûһۣǲеܣЦЦºͣСƭӡ
ˡ
ڷûעʱ䣬ڿջߺƷζ䡣
ֹȹӣֹױݡ
öƤȥͣˡ
ѽ״Ӱóһǣ˵ۿģġ
״ֽûע
ǷУ˵ֻҪ˵ģҶš

׺Ҳû˵
ܿ쿪˾Ƶꡣ
ǰ·ķԱ˾䡰ԵȡȻתͷһ³ˡ
ȵƹߵߣ̧첲ȥֵͬʱ߶ԷԱʾԼ·ˡ
ü֣·ȥĴָϷֱ룬ָԾĦһ¡
ᵽûһ
ȴͬյƵ꣬³׺ϲĺտˡ
ɨ˺գתͿ˺ն㲻ǰ΢΢ʧɫ
ڿȻָ˳̬
Ŀԣݵ񽻻󣬼ջߡ
Ը֮࣬ǰͻȥ״кڣֻǶżıӰŬŬ죬ȻתͷȥƼˡ
ȻûգƼϢ᲻μⳡᣬƼǻġ
ſɿż֣СؿܻһҪ˿
ŷ׳֣ͻȻһգڵذȭŷ׽ݡ
׵Ļš
Ϊ˷Ա˵Ĵˣߵ˵ݽ䣬վߡ
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ӣһߡ
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ڳݺתķ
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װſվŵӭԱ߶Էò˾ãƿ˱ŵš
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Ԭһۺ󣬼򷽰ףˡ
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ףš
ȵԶԬ˼ߣ۾˵˵һһΪ㲻ˡ
бԬһۣԶô
ԬѭŷֻʧȺķ׵رӰֻƳһۣܿ
ȷʵԬ濴½֪

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ï޴ʱӦϢңһῪʼǰʮӲŻ
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۵׻죬زηӿ
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½õǰͶ˸ζɿ׵֣תͷԷï˵ðܡ
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ײźۼƳ½õȻͷš
Ϣҳ󣬷ûҳͶֻߵ˽䣬ɳ˼½õͻȻΪʲô
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ûв´ⳡ칦磬½õǵڶǡ
Ǳ˵İߣǡ
̣
һ˷ס
۽˺ӦСء
ոƼߣµҿţȻͿƷ׵Ӱߵ⴦˸߹Ȼ˷ס
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߸ЬڵĴڶԽԽ׷֣ͼ½õ
ͬˡ
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½õǰ㣬ţһҪ

лҪ˵
Ҳȷм³꣬Ӧʮ֮ڡ


59 

ü塣
֪½õ˵Сָţ ½õ˵ĻĪǻеġǡ֣÷ִ С
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½õѧУгǿ̣ ׾֪½õһǲʱûʲôо ΪȷʵԷڣ½õĲˣ ˣô˵½õͬϵ˶ˡ
ʸٴӿϣԷѾַ˽
½õ󿿣Цˡ
Ƿʼ ½õҲûǡֻж̶ݣ ̽ ǲ֪ģܹڳûò鵽ͷϣ ԷСؼǣ ˶Էܾá
Է׵ĺ棬 ǴӽյǷʼʼġ
ɵ˼ĥ Ĭ£½ܾ㳶ƽˡ
ƽǿɲС½õŲԶķԱ˹֣һЦԷ˵ Ϊ˺У뷽Ϻ ɲΪ˵ƽֵġ
Ϊ
һֶš
½õǸЦ滢˵ʲôţ½õȥֱʵ½ܵĿʲô
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½õһʾԱһףԱɺ߳ٳûнӡ
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½õʲôҲû˵ЦԷ˵֪ٺһ
֪װɵ㶳ɹƭ½õ
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飬Իص
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ײǵʲô
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ۣˮ΢ڡ
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ɹܶ飬⻹ǵһֵģסžµǰĸ첲ȻλţͬʱͷҰڶ
֪ø޻ƵôͻȻʣʲô
Ѱ޹üţؼʱҲŽ֤

ײЦ֪ƺƽʱͬû뵽ôɰ
Ҫ³ȥҵˣס˷׿ŵ֣ڼû
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ֻǵָϷ׵ĶͷΪ䰴ŵʱ򣬶ߴһǾܽĵૣ
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61 

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62 

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63 

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šת⣬֪ûж˼
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64 

Դ˼ 桱󣬷׿ʼ֫Ӵ
жԼ⣬ ıûпȥΡ
һЩΪоˣ Ե÷ˡ
һͷˣ÷ǹ۲˺ü죬 ȷС㵥Сսˡ
˵սҲ̫׼ȷ÷СֻΪϹ룬ǻС˵
ٿСͣ ͹ԣ⼸컰ˡ
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죬 ״ѧУӼ˼ҡ
Һ ֱ¥ ǱСܵűߵıɳ
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65 

ͨ£ 㲻˼Ѽ˵ĺ˽Ϣкûٿܺͼ֫ӴΪ
׻ǻһЩܵľٶ ͷ
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ʵ֤ЧǶԵģ ʱƣĵദĪг
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ˡ
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֪ʲôʱʼ˴һʱ ʱʱ֣ ׻ΪʲôҪ֣ ôشķˣʱ䳤ˣˣ Ҳϰˡ
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¹ȥڷ׽Ŀ󣬿ʼЩ٣תɳޣ˶ûԭСʵġ
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ïްԵͷ˵ĸһ
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ţ֪
ڷïް칫Ҵһ󷽰ײ뿪



66 

ٽ°ͻȻ˹ ԼȥӼҲϢԷһ֡
ŵʱ ײŴӰ칫ҳ
칫ﻹмӰҲ׼뿪Աף ˼ܡ
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ѧ Уĺܡ

˳˵ȥ
Զ Űɫ̿޷ ޷촦©Уߣ°ɫУ㣬 ӿʼеʣ÷ĳ˿ɵģ ϵЧܺã Լֱȡ

ԱǻǵԼҾߣ С˼󣬱Ҫ״к뿪
һתͷͿǱһ赭ܾ ϺĨЦ⣬СǸÿĸ  
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ϵģûһ˿ԥɡ
©һġ
ײó˵ұҪ¥ġ
ϴʱ򣬷ôҲöһ㱻ⲻ̫ףżͶಡʣ˯һܻ
˼ȥ׾ϴ¥
Ϊ˽мһ˯֪֮ģ϶˯һŴ
Ǹ䡣
ԵȼűӽңľǷվڴߣŴһ
ҪʲôһĿȻ
۵׵˲ת䣬һȣʲô
תǳǳЦ˯ҷ䣬ȥ㷿˯



67 

˵̧Ҫߣ ǰȴһת뿪
ͷҲصġ
״£̳סѾ߳ңϾҪʧˡ
ȵȡ
ͣ ڴ˸ȼļ
ʣʲôȥ
ս첲ȴ޲˵¥
ûҪ䣬 Ҫȥ˯Ǽӣ͵ûҹס
Ƴ۷ף ˯
ױűǰ¥ʲô˵ġ
׼˵վô䣬㷿ûпյ ˯ܻ
ĳұûжʣ˯Ͳ𣿡
䣬 Ǵѽ
ŷߵǰ ƌСӽһʲôµġ
ŷף մһȵĻյķۺμûȥ ɢСӱűöıӣ Сѱ޵ļӸС
ˣ
Ӻܺأ ױŸ첲Щᣬ ɸ첲ߌ˵ȥ˯ɡ
˵귽ױҪţȴſڵļסȥ·
䡣
ĵõô
ûȷ䵭
˵һ˯
Ȼ ظһ˯
ŷףͷá  
ʲôͷ
Ƿʣ 顣
û׵ת뷽挝档
һվ⣬һվڣס˱˴˵·
׿űסţֿһıӣ󣬷òŸó·
ǵȼ˷䣬ٳȥ
ǼҺֱӾͰѷŹˡ
šաĹ˫ŲŲŵվǰ˵Ҫ̻¥˯ɡ
̧򷽰ףǽǱ۸ɪɪСнںʲô
ʣң
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߰ɡ
ȷ׷ӦѾ˴ߡ
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֮ǰܾķӦͬδЩѹ
ײˣǌҪͼ˯һŴе¡
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ײ֪
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׺ܿҰο
컯£ôȻȡ֤ݣֱӾͻìͷָģɱεġ
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˼Щʱ򣬼Ѿ̺˴
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ЦЦ˯ȥʰһ䡣
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Ϊ˯ߣ᲻ϰߣ˯š⼸칤ͣһֱҹԭմͷûһ׾˯ˡ
ʮӺ󣬷˾ţ΢ĺһޱ
⣬ĳ˵
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Ѿ˯ŵȻ˫ۣһƬûһ˯⡣
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ͻȻĶСϣȸʹõ˯⵴Ȼ޴档
ǡ׵Ľš

ûۣŻǺ˯һ
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˯ѵԴľģڷ׽һӺ󣬲Ųڻеıӡе֡
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Կհһº󣬷׻ۣӳС
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彩סٻ̧ͷʣˣ
šۣ۵׾⡣
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ٴۣ˷ϵ
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ģ˯ú𣿡
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ǽţȻȣǸ첲
ֱ峿˯ţʱ䣬Ӧֻ˯Сʱ
ͷ˵á
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˿ûͺá
˵ŷ״Ӽı˳
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лҪ˵
Сͣǰ̵α


68 

ʶҪ ֻеһʱĻ£Խٽգ׵Խȡ
 ǳšаʱ𡯵̬ûӲд죬 Ҳ⼸졣
գֹ˼գֻʣˡ
æڹ ⼸նӼѧ÷˵ġְС
磬˹ ʱѧУſڡ
ʱĸոպãվ֮ǰվλãѧУŴ򿪣ѧӿ
Ư ʣ վѧУſûκ ־ѧУˣѧѾ Ҳ֪ӵǼǸı׷꼶һ
Ҳ֪ʲôʱʼ ٴδѧУʱ Щ಻Ĵűӵ໰ ǴʲôٹУɼһȵȣеŶڳ㡣
żҲһЩ˿Щ£ʱǽġ
ʶ׵ѧ߳Уţ ׵˲䣬ʶ󿴣 ѰûмӰԼֺܿ챻ȺߣҲˡ
߾˶ˣۻжӣ׾վʲôܻĿ⡣
ľѩῴ׵ǿ̣۾ûע⵽˵ĽӲקСܵ˷ǰ
̣Ϊþûͷ׼棬ľѩϲĽǡ
˫۲ԾУľѩܵǰվСľþòѽ
ŷľѩקˣ䣬Сأþò
Ǵպ󣬷ջû˿һ
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׵˵ͷȻľѩᣬСôûһ𣿡
ľѩܹԵ˵ţޱȥ칫ˣȼˣȳ
տľѩᣬʲôʱ˵·׵ȼ˵Ļȳ˵һ𣿶ֻ˵һ䡰š
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΢΢Ц󣬵ԼҪʲô𣿡
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һ
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׽ë䣬ѽ
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ǵһּˣΪУſڡ
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ľѩעתߣóֻҿһ¡
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ֲ˵ãһ˵ĲܰԸҲ֪ôôʱġ
㡭ᡣ
շ߷߶һ仰Ŵ󲽴Ӽ߿
Ǵźյ⣺Ҫ֪ϲô
𰸲شʱôᶨ֪
һǰһţߵʱ׶Ժ˵СأԱ߰ɡ
Ų˻ߵߺ󣬺ڸʻλü
˼ǣá
һ׼󣬷׿ڳ⣬ѣС㵽Сľһ𡣡
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´š
ײֻǶ˸еԾԡ
ѧУȷʵԶʮӾ͵ˡ
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ľѩģǱ׽ˡ
СһԷСǮ
˵Ϊ˸ա
Թľѩİţ˻Ҫȥ뷹꼸KTV
Ϊ벻Զ׼߹ȥ˳㻹ʳ



69 

˿ʼʱţ Ϊ·ͣŵĳż·ˣ˱ϡ
ľѩȻһʣٵ
ߵ㣬 Ѿȫˣ·ߵ̵ƹ貣 ⺮䶬ⶼŴ̹ǵ
״װɫӴ£ гķ񡣳Էʱףӷϣ ʱ·ţⴳС
žͼ׵ľ룬׾úܿͻڣû⼸׻νж硣
΢΢̧ͷ ֦У ƣ ľѩύͷ˵ʲôС϶Ц
һĻ ҲԾ¶ĨЦ룬 ǲΪ⼸Сദʱ䳤ˣ Ҳࡣ
ƽʲôأ
˼ˣ û˱Ҫ˽
ʲôģ׺
ǸƽϣǷ޷ʧܣ һǰΪܸıˣ ɵͷޡ
ȻʼʱݵĳɷڣҲܷ
ջ
ҲеģʱЩ˲䡣
硭ڡ
׵ͷǰĸ첲ͣ½Ųתͷסˣôˣ
ʻᣬƼβ͡
ǰֲûջأ䵽䣬ס˴·ϵ

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һĨҴÿ䣬ʶģץס˷׵½ǡ
ֱһļ¸вʧ



70 

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; ľѩ˺ϳ
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סȵĴƤ 㲻Ƿǣ
ײ֪ʲô Խ˵ɿ ǲ𣿡
Ӧǵһktv ø롣
ᵽϤĵ㣬ĵƽ˳ŷ׵ش𣺡š
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򴽣Ҳᡣ
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ЦЦûǿ󣬡ʲô̳
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˵꣬ͷż֣Цһ¡
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·ſˣ׾ͻʧ

ڶ졣
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׾ܾǣԼżǰѧУ
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תѧУţ̤УŵǸ˲䣬Ȼӿһ£Ųԭأתͷķ򣬳Ѿˡ

뿪ѧУ󣬷û㿪ȥ˾ǵһҿȵꡣ
ƿȵţĵԱͷʾ󣬷׳ڵһۿ˹ȥ
ǿλãһλɫ£ŨױŮǶһٶǷ֡
׵½õЦ˵ˡ
š
̸òѡ
Ǽ
½õλã½ܼԼң֪ʲôҪ˵
ǰʼһֱյΪ½õĶţ΢Ҳյ˺ü½õĺ룬ͬһɾˡ
Ҳûã½õÿηĶź붼һ
𴲣յ½õĶţ÷Լԭǣ½õڶᵽ˼
½õȴûзôУ𿧷һڣЦ˵ôֱӣһء
Ա˹ûҪ½õĵĴ㣬ʲôûе㡣
ȵԱ뿪ƽ˵Һ½ܺ졣
⻰еˡ½õ˵ģϵЦⲻҸĺԡ
ĬĬ
½õ˵ľϴڰ칫ͷï۵ǸĿ֮еģïĺ½õ
󿿣˵½ˣƼһ˾
½õȻ֪˵ģ˷ϣʵ֪Ǹ˾Ļϰ˭𣿡
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½õǰ㣬ͬһףһֱܺ棬ô鵽ϵģ
ĵˮ©Ҫ˱ֱŵı˷ˣҲڼϷ˼
ļҲܲϰ
ϴξƻ󣬶Էҵ鷳ֱǰʱŴ꣬ҪȻҲ˷ïޣ뷽ϵĿƵڲɡ
겻ˡ
΢Ҫ𣿡
ˣô鵽ʲôϵ
½õָãüë˵ǲҪ
˼롣
½õǰλ鵽Щϣ˸ˡ
֪½Һͼ֮Ĺϵ֪Ϊ
ԶԶûдô͸
ǼڶԷӪֻٲά衣
Ȼʲô֪ҲˡԼãΪ˸½ҪǮֻĿģȰ㲻ҪҺ֮顣½õ˵ȻǣԶһЩ
״ǹ˵ЦôҪ½˵ɣ
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½õͣڷ׵ϣܿʲôǼ˵֪иʽΪ𣿷ף㻹˵Ҫһֱʲôȵʱ˵ᷴɵԼϡ
Ŷ½õȻһ£ʮˣǵү˵²ʲô
½ϵĹɷݡ
װ
½õЦһ˵½ϼŰٷ֮Ĺɷݡ
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ƾʲôΪ½ĵŮ
һڿȣɬ½õ΢
һ룬̸ֱЦģ
ҿٸһ¡ڷ׵ĳĬ½õԼռȨԬȥϣҪ̸ĺ֪ġ
һȻ֪Ǵ˽ģдġ
뷽һֱڶ״̬мϺ󣬷ҵļҵܵشïҲʱ˼ȫ˹ϣԭĹࡣ
Ҳʱԭڻҵˡ
Щ÷ڰôǰˡôࣿ
ϵĺǰǲԭڻҵʱҲǰˣ
ûǰһλˣв룬ٴ̧ͷ½õʱһĮʣ½ܶ˵Щʲô
½õ˫ȽԷ׵˼ǡ
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½õЦţҺ
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׿ѾߵߵˣҲͬһʱ̣ԷЦ˵߿ͨҵĺ롣



71 

ײ֪Լڿ˶೤ʱ䣬 ǷԱǰѯҪҪʰϵıʱײŻ
߳û˽ıӻ 쬻ա
ѷ紵ϵķ˿õ˶󣬷ͣ㡣
صУ ů⽥紵ÿҪָչ
ͻȻģ 뵽ԼæůֵļڴֱֻĻҪ¶ȣůֵǸʵ
ײЦЦ Ц⻹ûﵽ۵ף͵ȥ
ţһ˰·ϣ Щơ
緽׷Ƶһ㡣
ֻӿڴ˳ Ļϵ[С֣ ׺룬ˮºͺ󻮶˽ͨ
ֻڶߵ˲䣬 ˶С
̡
ƽʱûһ飬 ǷǿȼһĻ ȴһ˿顣
װЦԼǱ紵Ϳˡ
ţ ء˵
绰Ǳߵ˵˵ȣûܵȵ绰ʲô˵ϳˡ
ϳˣ
׿ʱ䣬 ʶڿ˽һСʱ
ȻⶼûԱ߻ֵͦġ
ײ֪ǣ ԱҪ߷ףϾʲôûе㡣ǵȿϲǣԱûгȥţһֱ˽һСʱ
º͵õġ
ƣȥҪϽֻһֱŷ
˼룬ʣֽ𣿡
ûֻ֧׵ļǮ
û뵽׻֪ǹģĵůӿˡ
ǾͺãǮ˿ʦȵʱҡգۣתʦ
תĺܿ죬ûܷ֣Ӧ˵á
þͺá˵һ㣬Ӫ⣬Һòװýװסģȥ˼ˡ
ַ˵һ㶼֡
֣绰ǱߴԵЦ֪
Ц׻½õ˵Щɬдļð˳ߵЦֵ˵
ʣʲôʱֻأ
硣˵
ֱӾͿʼѵ
ţʣСʱ밢û
绰Ǳ߳Ĭˡ
Ĵβżʹü©һģˡֻû˵ڣȴΪûȵشԼԲ˼˵ǡ롱
̾
һʶܱˡ
û˵Ǳ˵ˡ
˵
ĿҪǻˡ
·죬ůȫΪ׵һ仰
׵һҪҪƵ绰
μҵԾͣϲã˵á
ڶ˵Ĳ£ٴλ
Ҵ㡣˵ŷж˵绰ת΢ŲƵ
ֻһ飬ͽͨˡ
һ۾ͿıǸĲûסЦЦܵ绰
ֻ¶˰泳
ȻҲô
˸ܹؼ⣬Ҫϲô죿
Ҵһͳȥע⵽ڳ棿
԰󿿣±˵ϰࡣ
ʱٻɥʱ򣬿ɻǵһڼǰֳ
״ʶطŵͣôˣ
׿αŵĽëգգ˵ûʲô㲻ڣϰû
£סҲ㶡
֪ЩԼã񡭶Լ˵ĻѾ˱ܣϰߡ
׷۴ţҪ͡
ĻǶ˵ļ˵Һܿͻȥ
ż״΢΢˵ð͵
˫ţš
Ƴ˼ı˵ȥɣҿ·ϵķ羰
Ӧ˾䡰á
λպÿŴصλ󣬼Ļת˴
׾ôֻͨŴӼߺХľɫ
ŴأĻķס
Լ˵ײݴĻ档
Ĭ˭û˵
Ӻ󣬼Ķﴫ׵ʵȥУһֱûлᡣ
档
Ȼģ̤УʱӿϵٴϮһİֻתԼ
ĻķЦģ˿Ȥ·ղ˵˲
ֻЩ뿴ʲô顣
ڼĻϷŴ󣬶ŷ׵ۿ˿˵лᣬһ𡣡
ַĻȴЦеģð
ȫ׵Цס΢΢ëס۵Ц⡣
С
Ƶģͬϸ΢ġ
̧̡
һɨ
Сòʱ仯ܴѾʼɳΪˡ
ͣԼ˵չ˺Լ
ŷֺܿƽʱ˾䣺̹ҵ绰
쵽ûü⡣
ֻûأš

һʱܿȥڵ
󣬴ʦֻ黹˼һʲôʱغС
зʰͷ̡
Ҫԭǣóԡ
·ϣֻһʱģ
ûݣ˶֪ͨ
㿪
Ԭ棺[Ѿܾϼš]
Ԭ棺[½õˡ]
ϢһǰģʱǡǼֻ֮Ԭ治ֻľʱ䣬ûеõĻظµ֮ûٸš
ڶʱĮȻԬ˵绰
Ǳߺܿͽͨˡ
ֻ½õ飬ȵԬ˵꣬׼㱨һܵĹʱܾˣȥ˵
ԬǱ߶һ£ܿ˵õġ
ԬʵҪȥվ𣿡
һʱ뵽˷׶˵Ļ΢΢ÿȣã̻ҡ
Ԭ棺õġ
绰Ҷϣ㿪΢š
ֻδϢûһԷס
ڴȻգɼĺ鲢ûб
׹æ֪ġ
ָĻ㿪뷽׵ĶԻ
׵ͷ֮ǰģͷǱ׻˱ˤʱƬ
ܸЦ
èèͷ񣬿ȥ¼õġ

̵ֵ
[̡]
[ˡ]
ʱҲصᡣ
ûлظʰõĶ٣ܿʰˡ
ǰϵ·ϣڼԥҪҪ״绰ʱֻ𶯡
ɫȻɿֻĶȴ˲١
һûͷϵ
һûϵʱһˡ
ɵȼעΪ̡˷ʱЦ档
̷ǣ[С̡ͣ㵽վȥ㡣]
һʱ䣬ǻɻɻ֮£ֻ˳
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Ƿ׵Ц÷
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غеĸϣԺظŵĶ÷˵Ļ
Сȥˡ
ͻȻ˵ҪȥΣû˵ȥġ
ֻСҵģ˵в뱻ţҰæظϵˡ
ǣСµֻº룿Сû
ү֪Ӧ֪ģС뿪ǰȥү

ۡ
֪ͨˣΨûи
һʱ
أģͨʱ˵ĻʵȥУһֱûлᡣ
ǡᵽˣ

˺кӵļ
һǰ˵ҪǸˣѾӰ
صֱ¥뷽׵ҡ
ɨÿ䣬Щ׳õƷȷʵʧ
ߵҵ¹ǰװŷ׳·¹ȴյġ
ڼ¥÷ˣʣСͣôСιͻˡ

ͻ
Ϊʲô㷲ܾûᡭҲԷ
÷˵𷽰뿪ǰ飬÷˸ְ죬Լ˵СͣС׼㷿ˡ
˵꣬÷С㻹ⶣ˵ҽ㷿䣬ЩԼȥ𿪡
ⰵ£÷˵֪ˡ
¥
ƿžͿ˲輸Ϸŵĺӡ
һɫģźƷС
Ǳţһֱߣ۵ӿ
źӿ˽ӣųĬ˸ӡ
ů㣬޷úȣڿ˺װŵĶԴԴϵĴ
Ϸſ
Ƿ׵ģһȻþûϵĳ½ĵ׵ġ
һźɫĲӣӡŷ֤֡
ҧ򿪣ϵģд֣µⴱ
·ѹһźؿ
ѷ֤Ϳŵһߣ˺ؿ
ڼٳûд򿪺ؿʱԬ˵绰ǸСг̺˿ˣʼĿĵ⣬ʲôҲ鲻
֪Ԭ鲻ֻ˵ǲ顣
òˡ
áԬԥ˵Ҳ鵽С뿪ǰ½õ档
ɫ
ʮ󣬵绰Ҷϡ
ҹˣҲ˱˵֣ﻹҪӡ
ôڽͨĳﰲңֻڲ֪Сȹ

ĺؿȾŶҩָӲൽ֫ѡ
þʳָƿ˺ؿ
ֻдĸ֣տ֡
ּ˿ȴѼ⵶һһĻȫ£ʱѾ
ӽźͦŵļͱڿĸֵʱ˲
ɳϡ
һģƷ
֪˶ãŵķ䣬ͻȻһģ
èȥ˼ֳ
ŷмӣᵽ˼ζ˳ζߵߣ
ͷ鶯ţʲôҲ
Բ˫ż
һһèš
ɨɵĴ˫⶯ţЧ΢
ֳ˼κ󣬼ڴصһ֣
ֱЩͷ˲䡣
ʪġ
ëһ
ͷԶЩż۾׽ʱͷ䵽°ͼľӨ
е̡
ɵģʲôҲ塣
ƾģӰְ˱ԴϣǷûʡĺӣδ˵ȫĻ˳
ૣҲҪ𣿡
һ䡣
Ҫˡ



72 


У ұǰ
ԬվڳߣûһͿ˳
һҵĸӣ޳ ʮͣϵʱѾȫȥ ĮδӰ
Ԭǰеܡ
ףš
ʳʲô𣿡
Ԭ꣬ ı֪һһ
ÿ¾ͻӾϷغУ ĿΪ˴ӷïʳ׵Ϣ
ïֻһش𣬾ǲ֪żĴԽԽ࣬ïֻ˵ʵ飬 ˵ҲϵϷס
ԬĬĬ ˵أ
ï˵ ǰǸһ绰룬뿪һ Ǹ绰Ѿͨˡ
ҲǸ绰ǽӲͨģ 鵽귽뿪ķɻƱ ġ
۵Ц
ôģ
Էï޵ӣ ϵףǻ˵Ľڡ
ڼû̫ܴӷïõϢҷïޣ ץס֮һĻѡ
ڴֻ壬۴绰ˣ ٽͨ
Ϣˣ䵭д˿еڴ
˹˵ǣСֹ

ֲǰǰˡ
֪ˡҶϵ绰ԸŵԬ˵㣬ҶһȥĻƱ
Ԭһ㶣ڣ
š˵Ԭ¶һĨЦģ
żϵЦ⣬ԬЦֻпɬ
ӹǸĵ绰ͷֱȥͬĹңÿһΣ޹
ǰڻһαһΰ
ԬΣ˫ˡ
Ԭ滹ǵǰӵĵ绰˱ȥӼʱֻڱǰŵССӰͬһ޼ҿɹˡ
żȥ˾ϡ
Ԭ治֪½ʲôֻ֪𣬼ҲûЦ
ֻаǰӵһͨ绰ԬڼϿΥЦ⡣
Ȼܵʬ㣬ػš
Ŭʱ䣬ܹѰڷ׵ϢԬǾ塣
ϢĿŶȣԬ΢Ц˵ףС㡣
ǹ𣬡ġ

ϳǡ
һɫ۴ӻʻһӭŤͷ۸ʻλϣϳû˵ˡ
ʱ£Ů˴ǳɫ黨ȹŮ˺ƫǳɫϵǵһμԷʹǳɫ·
ӭֿۣԷͷԺŴ󷽣Լڿȴһ仰û˵˴⡣
ڣô˵ӭص֣ܹشԷУǸ˰ɣ
ױӭĳƺЦתʻλѯʣʲô
ӭЦˣ֪Ӧûǽ˵лعĻ̡
˵ˣǵˡ
üëϳǵĻҲû
ӭһ֣ܸұɰοҡ
ô˵ˣǶˣӭûȷ׻شԹԵ˵ȱۣһ׼ȥǼҲ͹ء
һֱ˵Ǽңʡ
ӭɲ㶩ƱʱҾͶλãҪ㳢жóԡ
ӭǰ¼ʮǼҲжóԣȥҲ˿ڴЦ˵á
Ƕˣӭʡ
Цһ£û˵
ͷٴŤ⣬ڴķ羰˼棬ѾԶ
Ƕˡ
ֻûлعеϤİ
Ǻӭæ׾ûع˵Ǽңңڵ¡
ˣֿ˺ӭأҿ
ӭһǰʶģʼһ棬׵ԭ򣬷ײԷ·˵ΨһĻǺӭ˵лл
ڷ׺ͺӭżΣһȥ˴ӵͷ֮޻̸
ȻҪԭǺӭǸ죬һֱ߶߶ģҲ֮ýֿ˻ܱϵԭ
ҪˣҪҪϢٿʼȻҶ಻˼ô˵ӭȴָָϵİ棬Լá
һ㲻˼ӶûС
֪ӭûˣԷǰ仰̫α˫ֱۣ󱳽αá
٣ӭ֣ҪǲĳҸá
в𲻵á
׺Цѽ
ӭڣܸԷҪ˳ӡ
Ժ´ϣӭ˵֮ǰ˵ЩҾͲ˵ˣʣµľǡ
ӭزģи˾Ҫϳ̸ϳеĵز˾ȫƱҪĿ
ӭҲһȽ֪֪֮Լ㣬δܴӲǻ⡣
Ҫһһܹİ֡
ǵһѡ
ӭ̸ӣƽʱͬһжеģѵʱ򣬵иߺӭܹﵽ
󣬺ӭ״绰£ڵ绰ｻУٷ㣬Ҳ档
ǰͨʱ򣬺ӭԷ˵ع׾ܾˡ
ںӭŵƤ񣬽ĥӲݣ״Ӧ˻
ž˵еϣӭ򷽰ףҪҰָʩѹ˵ҪͣҿҲô鷳ġ
ӭƤǺ񣬵ﻹǹⲻȥ
׵Ц鷳ҵ¶𣿡
ͦġ
ôһ˵ӭǱװοˡ
ǰ׽㣬쿪ʼƸҪǳɹĿˣҰҵķֳɶ㡣
ײüƽ˵ãҹʾС
ӭ˵ţֳ֪ж𣿡
ʮ
״ӿڴóˮǣ˺װʱ˵Ὠģģɶľֳɶٶûϵ
ӭЦ˵۹ãûˡ׽㣬飬һҪ
ȡֱӵ
ѽӭ˵֪УȲ裬ҺȾơ
ηûоܾ
ӭͣͲտţӺ˵Ŀ꣬Ҹһȥ¡ҶþûȥˣҪС칫ұóëˡ
׵ͷȥģ
ĶСӭ˵ǰҿûҰֶᣬ߾ѣȻٻ㡭ҪȸתǮҰֶҿˣһеǮ
ŴֱһǸеĻǸæģ
ȻǰæİӭίⲻԷһ֪ģһ㣬ǶЩϼ޻ܣ֪Ұզģôͽˡ
ӭ˵𷽰׵ĻһʣҲǿеİɣ
ѹôǮ
ף
ᵽңӭʶ׿ʼû˵ؼң򷽰ףʣ㲻ؼҿҼǵ˵ǺеģҪǰȻҿ
ǵЦȥȥҼʲô
⻰ʵģӭЦ㲻𣿡

лҪ˵
Сͣ
̣һع
ôмʮĹСҪˣ˵ŻģСͳռǱ


73 

Ժиֳģ
ȥ ûΪʱŶʱ˫;ܻʱʱǰ
һϢʲôʱأ
ûã յï޴ĵ绰ï˵½ϻȥˣ˵ҹҪϵʽ ʷҪҪ
ûá
ïƺڲ֮Գܺͼйϵ䲻֪ԭ һκû򷽰ᵽ
Ҳδʹ
죬жŵϵʼ ൱ԭڻҵԴˣﲻĳ֡
żһΣòĺ⡣
ܿЦǣ ᵽˣ 뵽ֻм ֻмһˡ
ڷïޣǴԭ ïތҲͬ
ʵеظģ ֻм
ǸСûĵġ
ǲԾЦ ۵Ц ִ޿κεĿɬ
Ц𣬾ͱӭˣʣЦʲôأ
Цûʲô
ӭһ㶼ţ û׷ʣֻʵȥ𣿡
ĬĬ תƻ˵㻹û˵ʲô˾̸⡣
ӭɻ󣺡û˵Ϊ˵˵ġ
ףûС
ӭŶһǾϵġ
Ƥһ
ֲ̫õԤС
ӭУF.J.
˵ӭŤͷʣû
˲ɣòеǸȻ׼ܻΪϹͨ
񣬷׵صû
Ҹ˵˾
ӭĻͻȻĵ绰ϣȻҽӸ绰
š׵ͷ
绰꣬ӭעϣǸ˾ôҲûкҲûʡ
һ·˷ꡣ
ò˵ܱӭҫʳζȷʵܺá
Ųˣӭʣȷס
ӭո÷ʱסһ°ǹܷ㣬Ǳ׾ܾˡ
š˵Ҳϰ߸סһ𡣡
аɡӭûѷ׵ľܾϣ˵һиӣҵģСȻϣ㲻Ҫסǣ
𣿡᲻鷳ӭҪȻԼҷӰɡ
ʲôеģȸһؼίһҾ뱣ѷɨ
·׻ܾӭƣľˣǡ
ӭƳ۷׵Ĳ豭Ҳ顣
ЦŶ˲豭

ȶ󣬷ֻϢһ͸ӭȥ˹˾
ʱأϢ
ɽ׌زҵ̫˽⣬ЩרҵⲻĹ׌Щǻ쵼ǰһĲ߻ǺģԺӭװŵģǌЩϽķ޸ġ
ȥܼ򵥣ûôס
ȻӭҲƸ׻ع
գ۹ȥ˰¡
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ǣһãСǼһҪࡣ
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Ա治װĽ˵
ӭ̧ͷŷףΪ˵ҪҪǵϰࣿн㿪
׵ͷӭ˼룬ŴҪ˵ʱӭһ˵ֱӾܾȸʱ俼ǡ
˵ӭ˵ԡ
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ش𣬷˵߰ɣȥԷůһ¡
ҪǻУֻܴȥҽԺһ£ǲǵա
ʱҲǣһ֣ûж룬żߡ
˿
ײͷߵĻû˵ڣֻһ˵̺ˡ
˹˵Ƿһ档

ʮֺ󣬷վڳǰǼڵĹ
վǰѼ˼ңǷ档
Ȼڼ˵Ƿ󣬷һܾ˵ڡ
㲻ңȼԱˣǲǾоôˣж˿ֻǰƤ
û룬ΪˮѾڣˡ
ſڣڵ߽ΧΧȹżˡ
⿴ſڵӰ£ѿʣһż𣿡
š
߽
̨ռСֻһվڵ˷ߡ
¥µʱƹܹԷ࣬Ӱܹ黹ŲģԷСڴ۵İ׳£ޱӳУ󱻴ݻ˲˵ӵļ·е뷨쵽޴Ρ
ͻȻоеΡ
Ȼʲôû˵;վԱߡ
һֱڲߣ׻ûл
ֻһ档
ʣ̲𣿡
׻أҳԹˡ
۵˿΢΢һЦǺͰ̻ǸһԵ𣿡
ˣ
׵ͷš
ͷǰô㣬Ҳûʳ
Ŀ뾲Ĭ
ջɼӣͷݰ
·ְţϷ׿żµͷ
λûˣЩ졣
Ҫڻˣȴ档
ǼԷûһ׵ʹԽһ⡣
ģüͻῪĵġ
뵽ľѩᡣ
ľѩָ֣ױ㿪ڣСľôˣ
Ķͣ£¿ӣ̧ͷ˷ףӿ¡
ƽŷס
ĬĬʱμľѩûϵء
ôټҵΪʲôҲֻǳľѩ᣿

ش𣬷ΪǴ˼£ָǼ⣬ȥ˼Ρ
ֻ˸ܹ˺һĶʣǱأ
˵ʱһֱͣڼϣʳʱɫļɫ³ü
صı飬Ʊ׵Ļ˲û䡣
һڣȻս
ӣǡûˣ
׽ëţСأΪʲô
̧漴׷ʲô
뿴׵ڲںֿΪ˱ģû̻ػ
ĳĬ֤ʵȥǡ
ʮۼŮ˫ˮ⣬ϾҪգ˵û¡
鵽˵ķף
ŷ΢ۿûƽеס
׾׽ŪˣǼ䷢һᡰš
ΪʷףЩȡ⡣
ǵ˶ڷ׵ĹУȴûйκʱûס
ʣأ
ʧ꣬ҲڼΪˮ
Ȼû˼ôˣ

лҪ˵
С̺ͣˣ㻹Ƿһ档
̣õӣ
Сͣ밢ϡ


77 

˫ۺʡ
ֱͦ ǰ鷢סﲿֵĹ⣬ɫôô
ǲ㣬еΣ Բı˻Ρ
⻰ײ˵º͵Ϊǰѽ
Ц˵뿪ʱѾ꣬ ԺܺõչԼ
ҲǷܹ¶뿪ǰᡣ
ǴԽû꣬е˼ҳΣ Ƿ׿ܲҪȵʮˣֱӾˡ
־͹ǿһ㣬߾ܹԭµ
۲񵭣 ȴڷ׻л˰⣬ʵ̵˼ǣǴˣ
ײ˼Ȼ
۾һ¡
ûȼ۵׵ζʧ׶һº˵ԼĴˣ ڰ ԶҵС
ΪԱ ֺüֻ֮ǰ˵ĺܶ࣬ ˵ʵ⣬ŷʵ뷨
ԶҵС ڱϣ ô˵黰
ǷײϲС
仰͸ ͬ׻

ոĺ飬ͻȻûˡ
ΪԼ˵Ļ̫ˣ¼ͻȻĬ һָżǰ룬 ʣ𣿡
ҡͷ
ֻһ룬ʣԱˣ
ţףлл̡
лʲô״˵Ƿѽ
ƽ˵벻㡣
ף
Ϊʲô㣿
ûȷ׷ʣ̧ӣ档
ָ棬Զˡ
Ȼ˵ⲻ㣬һǷһ룿
ͷ˵лл
һӣײɻǼˣĲ㲹
ʮ󣬷桱仰˵
һ󣬷Ҫȥ룬һߡ
˵ϴͺãϢɡ
ţͦԡ
׵ʹȻ
ΪʲôҪ
Ӻ󣬼ӳ
վڿֱϴ˼ף·ݸϣȥƵꡣ
ԭز˵ûƵꡣ
ֵû
ײ죬ץҲôżɣסĵطûҡ
Ҵȥһ䡣˵
ϳֽϵˮ顣
Ȱֲɺ˵鷳
ǲø䣿
ҪԼò㣿ʡ
Ƥãͫеƹ˸޲ȴһ˿˱
һ룬ʣѵ𣿡

õ
ֲ޼ҿɹ飬ҲǱϳǡ
ίô£
ȻطС˯ľһŴǸɳ
һȥסңʣµǼ䷿䵱﷿
ɳ̫С˯µġ׹˵
üȥƵ꣬뿪
ߵǰù·
һΪԼ˵ˣҽг
·ףû˵Ҫߡ
㡭
·˲ԶļϣתԷ˵ɳСҿԸ˯
ʶҲϰߡ
˯
ĸַ׻δ˵ڣͰҪ˵ĻɤС
˵ǲ˯𣿡
ף
ȷʵǣûϡ
˯û
˶٣ʣҪ£
ס
Ҳûټ֣Э˵á
󣬷ʣȥϴ裿
üϴʱʰһҲԡ
̲׼ϴʱ뿪ɣ
ף
뷨ûдϣô֪
Цᡣ
ǸЦ⣬֮ǰ˵Ҫһؼء
˵뿪ϣζΪ㡣
ֱߡ
·ҲһֱţΥġ
ѯʣϴ
˵̰ѷԿ׸Ҿͺá
׳ûҪͼģѾˣˣô̵ʱ׷
ڼ鿴ȥãʱҲûʲôΣգҪǻ˼
ſЬϣ׳ԡȥȥˮ¡
СʽûָƣֻҪˣԿ⣬Ǵ򲻿ġ
ʵ׿ŽʱͿ˷װԿ׷Ьϣ֮Զһ䣬̽Ĳߣƭġ
ȻûԥͰѷԿ׵λøԷһŷ
ⲽߵſڡ
ŵʱƹ̫ҲֻƳԿףûע⵽ʲô
վЬǰͷľưϵԿ׿ۡ
һϤèèҼӳ
͸׵Ǹŵβͣ񷽰׵èҼ
Į⸲ǡ
ԿףèŵβϣһԵѺۺͱճĺۼèϵļۣ˵һֱ㻵Ҳûӵǰѻĵطճס
ϧǲ˵׺ϲ
۵ʹ顣
ʱûһԥ
״ԡҳײоԿס
ת뷽׵Ŀڿн㡣
׿ȻذԿڴ˵߲̾ˡ
ڼԿ׵ǿ̣׾Ѿµ˶Է˼ûȣֻǹ±ӵ˵ûߡ
һ仰ֻģ
һ˵ȥϴˡ
ȥɡ˵ŷɳ
ȼֻץ˰ѹһеʱ˶ʣбԿ𣿡
һԿףԿ׿ϡ
ͷȷʵһԿס
׼ǷһкЦʶʵҪǲģ̸һϴ
Ϊ俴һۣʲôû˵ȻתԡңüǿǼ˵ԡ
һҿЦġ
˵Ҳǡ
ȵԡҡ
ҲѹӷŻصС
ȵˮһ󣬷ߵűߣȻ˼Կ׵Ļ棬ŽŤŤ
֪
޹صɳ
Ҳûʧ䣬δ֪ĻȻ
ʮӺԡҵˮͣ¡
𣺡̡
Ӧôˣ
˵ߵԡǰ
ûл·˵
أ꣬£û
ԡ˵ûС
ʣҪʲô
˯¡˶٣С
ûкԵǷͣ٣Ӧ֪ˡ
һӺ󣬷·ԡǰˮ¼ߵ£˵·ˡ
˵û
ˮЩӰ塣
ŵֽ˰ա
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ⲻ̫ðɣ
ԺɸֳվڻĭӡֻĭѾˡ
Բʱ򣬷ûעԡˮѾͣ¡
ȷ׼ʱͣԺĻɢԥŵʱű
ԡĹӷ϶й¶ǿ̣Ȼۡ
ûŷֻȭͷС
һֻǴŷûеȵ˰·ŵϣ⿴
Ҳ֪Ϊʲôֻۣʶ
̱ʲô
׵أӡ
Էʱ˵ĻѧãҲǰ̵ĺ𣬰̻ʲô
һ
֪֪ߣײ˾䣬Ȼ̧֣ҵ·㿴𣿡
Ĵϰ߲ͬԱЩ糤䳤֮ģܲɣһûУֻе˯ȹ
ֻø˼ʵĿɶ䵱˯¡
ԡ˵
ӷù䣬·һ£ſ·лĨ
ɫ˿ڿ㡣
ղŵǸͣȷʵ˵ڿš
üڿ㡪
ģû˵ֲ꣬ϴġ
һӦȻѱϡû˵Ļ˳ԸС
ױۣı飬ȴ
䣬ƽ˵ĻڿڿжԸС
״ǿҵķУתۣë΢΢ȡ
˽ԸУƤֱĻҸС
ΪˣһߴĻϲ
¼˵ʲôڵĻԡŰֱ֣ӹţ˼ҪĻ
ϵţʻصɤڡ
ɨ·ԹĨȡ
ԡҳ뱧̺Ӵ߳ķ״档
ͷڼϵķʴ׶䣬סβˣս첲˵˯ɳ
Ӧüʱ׾ôġ
̲˵ɳС𣿡
˵ҲС˯ܼ
ΪȻû¡
˵Ҳûʲô̲ϲ˯𣿡
˭ϲ˯
ºֻͣ˯˲ãϲš˯
ϴԭ򣬼üûô࣬ɽȪ
Ĵӷﱧ̺ӣ˵ȥϴɡ
ܵȴûоܾء

лҪ˵
Сͣźߡ


78 

̺ӱߣ ûҪص˼˯һ𣬷Ҳھᣬ ˯½ԡҡ
ʱƮ˼Ǿû ֲɵĲ˨
խСĿռԡ¶ĵ㣬ˮ ȵʪȵԡЩơ
ԡûзʱģֻлˮ׹صĵδԼ΢
ڵ˶ʱ䣬 ıңһع鰲侲ͻȻǰġ
ʵ֤֮ǰеķδȻȷģ Сػع ûһ£ ͱ֪١
ɳеļڵļǰ뿪 ѵöࡣ
ǣ׾úﲻ̫ԡ
·Ѿȫ ˮϣ ̧ͷϴ»
棬 һϴڿ㡣
ɫûκͼͻƣ˿Ϸ϶ɵڿȣ ȷʵֵñ˵һԸС
ҲǷ׾ùĵطһˣ ϴڿ㣬q¾ ޢۢ٢ڿ
ߴϴ»ƿ򴽣лش˵⣬ᡣ
ݷĹ۲죬ûбֳ⣬еֻǹھεļ仰
Ǽص̫ãǼˣΪɾ裿ɼҪʲôأ
˼ֻƾǼ¶Ѱͼ
벻ףûκмֵģֵüǱ߻ȡĶΪ˱ǼѲɡΪ飿
Ȼ
󣬷ЦԼˣ롣
˼£ϴĶûͣȴûעԼԡҴʱ䡣
ССռˮŨ׸еһơ
ڷ׹صϴʱԡҵű죬ͬʱ͸ˮ˷׶ߣ̣
ԡϣţôˣ
õӦŵ¡
ϴʱе㳤ԡҵط̫СͨЧһ㣬ʱһͷơ
ķ档
ֻΪԲŻ治
˳˵ûʲô
ӺԡŴ򿪡
״ź߳һ۱㿴ԡҵĹսǴͷϢǽվš
Ķ䣬ڸסβȱֱ޳·¡
ֱֻͦͬʱ˷ס
̫㣬˫ձúͮͦıǼϻˮ飬еˮκʱҪʪɢߣˮ˳ŷ˿䣬䵽ϵŵë
ʲôʡ
ˮ妵ġ
оЩɣɨ촽㡣
׶£üϵëͷ˵˯һҪͷ
ëȡӨļͷûڸǡ
ϸСָĵס羱ķ羰
ȫ֪жˣ͵ϵ׺ӣңˮ
£á
˵꣬ûлңתԼһˮ
ˮе**ѹ¡
嶯ԺлջռϷ硣
ڻʱ
ٰܡ
ʮӺ󣬷״ͷ˯ǰ󣬲Žҡ
ҵĵûйأš
ϸձǴӣƽڴ࣬˯ˣ׹صƷ˶Ҳû˯񵭡
׷Ųֻߵߡ
£׵־ͱסˡ
գգۣתͷֻɨһߣ˫ɱţΪͻȻĹգüͷ
üôװ˯أ
׹صֻƣźڰеļС
ǽ׵һνм֡
֮ǰһ
һֻŵ֣ʳָ
΢غ󣬼۾š
˯Ҫ𣿡ʡ
Ҫ˵ˡ
ʵԾԵ˵ôס
ۣˣûҵ
й뷨вץŵֻ΢΢Ť£ǵûܳıս
׸̾ݣ־ĺܡ
ûյķ䣬Ϊ⼸¶׸о˿ȡ
ЪϢּϺţȡ
ȻŶһ£־ͱ˷ڴ档
Ҫڣĵ̹Ե㡣
û˯ֿ㣬ںĴָ˹η׵ֱҪٶ˺𣿡
һ£׾ûˡ
ַŻݣ
Ե㣿ûûС
û˯ʲôȥˣ
ģӦھϰɣӾϿϳǵö೤ʱ䣿
룬ֻʱ䡣
ôΪʲôɻΪʲô˯

ĬĬºۼʱ
Ӻûٱڴ棬Ҳûٳ֡
˼
ͺӭһ죬ʵҲۡ
߹ɵĺ׻ۡ
һҹΡ
ڶ죬ױһѡ
˯׵һߣѾûмӰᳳԷȥֻ
绰Ǻӭġ
һͨӭ׽㣬ˣķɻȥûûȥ㰡
΢΢šüֻÿЩʱˡ
ţߣӭ֣ôˣ᲻𣿡
ױۣ˵е¡
߽ҾͿڴ绰
˯ѵĵˣ˵ʱӲģʱı
̡
Ȼĵ˵ۿ֪ʱҵļ
Щ
Ƴ۷׵ֻ˵緹ˡ
˵ƽʱ˼ȡ
ˣ绰ǱߵĺӭҲһ
ӭһȻ˷Ҿȵʣ˭ôŮ˵
׹˲ӭѾʻļѾߵߣš
˫ֳŴأѯʣ˯ú𣿡
μȻСͲסֻӭž˯úòƵġ
䣬ӭ𾪵ף㶼˯ˣ
ӭܴ󣬾ֻ˶ʻ
æֻߣºӭʳʲô׵Ļ
ͬʱҲתͷж
ֻƿǰ񿴼һЦ⡣
ӭ֪һ仰÷״˶εУ˵ǷףͲ˼ˣѵ˵һȥμӽþۻᣬܼʶأ
ӭʣѲ˵е£Ϊ㱻˲ˣ
ӭԽ˵Խףæ˵ȹˡ
ǣ㡪
ӭδ˵꣬ͨжϡ
ֻûתͷȥת´Ҫװûˡ
װ˷ײߣڷվҪߵʱе̡
׺󾱷Ǹ˭ǻе壬⡣
˵꣬׶Լĺ
Ǳ˺ͷӭǾ仰ȫôΣҲ֯Ը˽ͣΪûʲô˫֪
ǵԷǼ׾ǾñŤҪ˵
·´С
׵Ľ˵ʻȫߣøСƵģ˫Уʣĸ̣
׼Լ򵥽һºӭȴ˵ֻһ̡



79 

״΢ţ ѿڶôˣ
費ɫô

˲տԡ
ҲӦ£ĬĬѡħͷǳƴӼȥһҵ˼ǲϵû
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΢΢ףӦ
ߵǰ 򷽰ףҵ˼ǡ
ȵϢڷ׶ϣ Щ
˵ֻһΰ̿кܶ
̧ü ԼĽ˽ǼպͲյ
׾ûʲôͬ޷ǾǰһЩ
С˼ͷ˵Ȼкҵĳɷ֣Żͦĵġ
ֱ û㡣
׺ЦʲôʱѧЩСľֲߡ
ľѩᣬ ۵׻˵˼ǣ ׾һΣ˵
ͨľѩϢһ
˶٣ ѩˡ
۾ŷףϵЦ˵仰
𻡶ȵ ô֪׶ľѩôģ
ͬʱҲڹ۲ķף ǰ˵Ȼı˿ ʱ볷һ仰
ϲ˳飬˴˻ϵҲ֪Էô
ľѩᣬ Ǽԭ
ⲻȥǰһ ַ˼ͷû¡
վ飬ľѩʱͻع½ϵֹ˾ǩԼ˻һʷ۲ʱطꡣ
ʱ㣬СڶСѧڣ°̤ˡ
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ϰ׼æ˵Ҳǹġ
ǰĶһ٣ŮĻС
ֹһˡ
ʱ򣬺ÿвֹһ־壬ֳͫװġ
Ϊˣӵһ£ϵηĸ߼ûҲûࡣ

͵ʱġ
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Ǻ󣬼ûҹ½õ
˿ѹв룬»иҪҪЩֻܵʡ
½õ⣬̧ٿ򷽰׵ʱֻһ㵭İ
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ڷ״㵵ΪۻʱͻȻһ˫ۻס
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׸ɿַϼļ¡
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ŷ׵ĺ󱳣ʵֻһ̣Բ֪ڰǲҲֻһС
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ͣ¶
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࣬ɷȴĻЦ
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ӵķͻȻƳڶĿкʲô

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ˢʱ򣬷۾Եһֻֽбˢûжˢ׾͸á
ⱾǼƽ飬һ룬ԷǼGq¾ ޢۢ٢
ŮǣδڵܲáԼŮֽˢԷԼͣͻͦġ
ϴ󣬷״Ϳڲߣֻ֪ں˭졣
󣬼ת˵Ҫˣԡ
áӦһϵ·
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仰ĵģײûп⹧ά
СҪһɫɼֻлҰɫ
컻˸ɫĿ
ͷԷ˵ûУ㴩ÿ
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ϷĿ󣬿Ǽ·ԭ򣬷̽ʣҪȥ
š˵ȥЩƷ
Ʒ
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80 

Щ̧ ˡ
δȾɫͷں˳ֱڷȹĵƤԽ𪡣
䣬 ûжȥԽӽ
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Ĭһ࣬ ÿ ŴŴģ ĳҲպá
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Ǽ˰ǡ
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Щ󣬷׷ӡ
̧ͷҪ˵ ֶԷڿ
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ߴߴھĬĻ쳣
Ǳ תͷ⡣
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壬ɫ˵˾䡰šת߳ʱ˷š
û֣˿Ķ⣬͸ˡ

лҪ˵
ôµģ
С߻᲻дôأ


81 

ʮӺ ̬Ѿƽܻʱʱؿĳˡ
ʻλϸֲٿŷ̡
׾濪ϣ ˱˼ȴڻ㱼䷴Ӧǰļ ѾʶʮŮ
ڵԷںúóɳ Խ㡣
ͱ緽״ûһ죬ڼĸݡ
ںǰͣ
תͷǡûüջߵ˶ӡ
΢΢е̡
ѾĿǰ û͵ֵĻңΪϵ˼룬Ҳܿȥ
ţôˣ
û˵ Ƿְһֱڿң ˵ʲôҪ𣿡
ʵģ ʲڡ
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˵ĺϣα
鲻䣬 ˵Ұѳͣ·ߣ̶࿴һ
ίܾ ã Ѿˡ
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á
̵𣬳ʱ Ϥ֡

ʱҴȥ
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ŷ̵Ȼս š
ЦҲϲ

֪ľ׸衣
ˣҪصһ㷽ЦСҲſ׵֡
ʵ֤Ԥȷġ
һ׸׻ĸ赥ﶼʲô裬ǡֻں㡷
ײɷʣ˵ѭ
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ม
ĵ֣ôֻϲһ׸ģ
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׽İźܼ򵥣Ǵľ͵°ţǺӭ˰ŵ·ߣȨ
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Сʱ״żٽ㡣
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׿ǰ˺ÿĴţź磬˵Ļ˷׶У滹ʪȡ
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֪֪˵ʲô
װ
۵׻ȻҲ롣
Ц˵Ҳ㡣
㡭סܶ໰ʳʵ̫ͱָֻܽЩѻеʼѹŨһҪ˵ġ
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ܵͣٵһͻᱻ˸ǡ
һĽŵɳ
ϵЦ⵭Щȴûб䣬תͷź˵Ҫȥ̫û¡
ᣬʲôʱأ
˫ɳأ˦˦ϵͷ˵ؾͻˡ
̫ʧա
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Щ䡣
˭Դϲ֮⡢Խӽķס
߲ŲΧһȺˡ
û׻һ㺬壬ѧŷ׵㣬ŵ֡Сġס˷׵ϡ
ûÿָͷŵ棬ŷ׵ֱ˵㡣



82 

Цһ Ϊġ㡱ֻ˵˵ɽµļ죬۷ȥģ ͻߣӰ롣
Сβ͡
ڼ ·ű·ֻʮƽ һŵĿռҪ뿪߳ʱ䣬ԷͻѰ ̡

ɵģε
׷˲ԣûбֳκڻң ֻСϷ
Ƿûκβĵط
Ψһ㷽ױȽϽ⣬ Լԭ
˯ǰˮˣ ҹϰߣ 賿Լڼ˯ģ ȥ˯ԼŲеġ
ΪÿĶ磬 ԷÿҲ֪Ϸʲô
º ֪ô룬ֻþ
һҪʮˣÿἷ˻ §˯ܰҹܰ˳ѣ ֿܼǱѵġ
֪ܲΪʲôû˵
Ѳӣ
ϴ󣬷ûֱ˯ǱֻˢŸapp
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ʮӣҡ
˯»Ǽ׶䣬Ժ˸ɾ䡣
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ۿ˶ٱ飬ߴӲͬĽǶȥٿᣬҲпǼߣо
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ŷײǷܣȻĨãһΪÿǼ¡
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š
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лҪ˵
Сͣkisskiss
̣


83 

ױŵֱɡ
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ΪԼ˽ˣ ⼸ľǻˣԺоġء
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84 

ڶ ûмӰʶΪԷһ𴲡ͷʱ׻˻ȥ˯ɳˡ
ʼıԼȥ˯ġ
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ؼһһС裬е̵ģͻͬ˼Щ¡
ںȻ üȥѧ ôҲϲ߼ ܰܣҪ˦ ׷׷ôҲ˦
һ ۵òС
Ƶģ һ۾ȥûмĴڡ
Ϣ˻ ײŴӡجΡлع´·ʱȻЩ
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ң һ۾Ϳɳϵõıӣͷڱϣ ġ
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86 

ϰǸµĶ 㷽޿ɷϡ
뿪еǶӣûʱܻڹʱߵ Ϊȥͼѧ۷İ ֻȻڴϣȻЦһ
ʱѿڽ÷ͱ֣ òӦĴ̫࣬ײĵϰԡ
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ŮЦЦÿķС㣬ϣ졣
˵Ůֵ뿪ˣӭСͼС´ѡ
ȵŮת¥ݣ׹š
٤棬׿Ļļʣʲô·
ͫʣˣ
ʣţҴ𣿡
Ǹġ
ҵģü䣬ôһֱ
ǻ̵ġ

ʲô
׵üҴˡ
˵䣬״ӴгӣϥϺ˺ڴճֽ
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һǳɫ¡
㲻ϱе͸ֵĸоصǶϵɵĺᣬһͻῪлżƬ˿Űơ
Ůá족ʵ˼ˡ
ôҲеȤµζȤҪúܶ࣬ƽʱܴġ
´̧ͷʼǡģ
ţҲǴ˰һڿ𣿾ͰǸʽѡһ̡
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Ϊľᡣ
ãİ̺ܹԡ
û˻ᡣ

лҪ˵
ʾȨһˡ


88 

װõĴӷŵһߣ ̧ͷһ𣬿Է´۾ʵҪæ𣿡
˵䣬 ֻվŶȵİڶ ͷ˼롣
ڷ׷Ŵϸ壬 ·ֻҪһ׵׵
֪ǸŵĲĻ ǧ֮ࡢһδƵıĤ
ܿˡ
ٸʱ䡣
ʳָƵĻм䣬޼⻬ָڷ׵ϵ˵㣬΢
ͬһʱ䣬ľͷȶ ĻС
ɫջ֣ ˵š
ɳϣ ˫ϥæ ̲ˡ
áһ£һû
һ Ҫȥҵ绰Ȼͣ˰գ ɫԷ Ȼæ
ü΢΢Ҫҳ𣿡
ûп˳ԷϲãҲûҪԷ
׼ܾʱ ת˵绰Ҳ£ һֻæԷ
ӦʣѽҿʲôóԵġ
Էϸʵ֣һҲԷʱ򣬷׳ȥ˱ˮ⣬ڼʲôû
һֱżе׾Ͱֻͨŵһߣͷһֻ
׻ǻʱʱƳһۣССĻˡ
ÿʲôĿģԷҲһ
ڲ֪ڼοԷ֪ʱ˷Ҳڿʱ򣬷׶ʱסˡ
͵ֵĸо
Ӧʣˣ
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ȷʵҪæȻ᲻ùҵ绰ҲûӣԷЦ
Цݺܵȴ
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绰Ҷϣ׺ɳϡ
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΢ʾ˷׵˼
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ͨ󣬷׾ûȥǼ¡
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ƽػظûʲô¡
ӭ׷ʣuoģ
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ʮ׾ҪԷʱ۾ͷתӭôˣ
ӭ״ס׵֣˵еš
лȻӡеĺӭ첻µز£ȻΪ½ţ
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׳ɺͷ˵гɣʵԵġ
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Ϊֲףּ򵥽͵㲻ڹڲֹ֪˾ô˵ģF.J.ʱ˵½Ǻϵ˭½ȫûҪҪһðĴѧô˵ҲǱ湦򡣡
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F.J.ǸĸӭԴʵǲ֪F˭



89 

ܿ͵Ŀĵء
׶Ժӭ˵ĻҲЦ ½õ棬ڳȺӭġ
ӭ˵ҪܾҺһҪлء
Ȼ󷽰׾ͱӭ߽˾Ƶꡣ
ǵʱ䲻磬 Ѿվ˲ٵˣｻ件Цš
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Щ ӭǸŰ裬ֻ῿ûʲôĽݴС㡣
ӭԴ֮Աǣ ˶ӭȴΪ
ôϳû˲Ľӭ
ȻϺӭ ׵ӣںӭֺЦžΧ
򵥵شкӭͷߵĵط
վڴߣϳǵķ羰һȻ ƺ̣ Զܿ
ӭԱߵԲ϶˱ƣ ͬʱݸ˷һ֭ʣô羰ɣ
׵ͷš
ӭ˿ھƣ ¥и羰һ㣬һҴȥơ
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ȵǰʣ·һˣ ֱվԭء۾ֱŴڿ羰ʵͫĹɢţעѲϳǵҹˡ
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ʲôӭ룬Ůҡҷۣҵ٩ú̿𣿡
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ף[ô֪ˣ]

лҪ˵
Сͣлл㰡ú


90 

Ϣ һֱ׳극˼ңûյĻظ
Ǽţֻæûп ûиһŷϢʲôʱ ֻ뿴ʲô
һоͽͨˡ
F.J.ΪʲôҪϵʽԱСšΪʲôô룬 Ϊʲôҵ
Ϊʲô֪״̬ʱѾʲôˡ
ٴӼƤ뿪
ô F.J.˴绰˵ӦҲǼٵˡ
״ԺӭеЩⲻȥ䱻ֱӾܾ ܾǰĿջϲܵģ 뵽ӭά ָоࡣ
жױڼ䣬׿ҪҪӭϢ ǰοģҲֻЩ
΢Ϣ
Сţ[֪ˣ
ԥ䣬 ĳ÷ŵüչ˼֣ ĺȻͶˡ
Ĺ鰲ģ ﻹŤţ֣[ϰ壬Ǹ֪ǲ֪أ
ϢȥҪˣ ΢ʻֻԵɡ
ûȷ׳Ϣ һƵ绰˹
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91 

ԺӵĽ⣬ ֽۿ֮ǰҪ졣
Щ׶ûע⵽Ϊ˵껰еעⶼƵĻϣ ֱؿż
·ҪǼӦһֱȥ
ǡСɵè
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ʶҪģͬԵС㣬 Ҫʲô
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ʣо𣿡
ü ˷ףʱ˵С
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92 

գ ױһѡ
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93 

ûȷ׻ػ ѾͼƬ˹
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ɫ棬 ȹûжװΣܼ򵥵һV˯ȹ ֻǰȣΪ죬 ΢ϡ
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ͼƬϴ̨ϣָ߸ͷ ׹˾ ָ߸̧ ǻȣγɵȦ ܿİŲܵĽë΢
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94 

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Сʱȥ ˯ķ۾ȻһƬ˯⡣
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ȵӭһ꣬˵˵ɡ

Ϊӭ˵ȥΣһʱ䣬ȴû뵽ӭ˵ȥ
磬ɳ΢Žèͷ
ѾСŵıעΪС2
ԴƵ󣬷ûϢĬģҲûϵ
ڷͷȥһϢûʱ΢ʾ
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Ϣǿ̣ײֱ塣
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üʲôҪģĻشҲ֤ʵһ㡣
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׾ֻһʱ֪úͼʲô
˽ӡ
ԡҵſ죬ӭƮ˳ףԡˣһ¡
á
Ӧֻ
Ȼ֪ʲôǾȷš
һ֪ʲô
ԡ˺ӭ󣬷ɳһ£ЩƵ
˾ûá
Ϊûᣬ֪ģһʹվ˷ſڡ
ϸָŰѣŤška죬Ӧ
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ԭأŰѵȻսǰˣͫ΢
˶ǰϸһ΢ζռɽ£ڿ׵ǿ˹⣬΢Ĵ۷Ź󣬺ͿˮζĴ࣬㱼䣬ŵݮζ
׵˶ӡźɫĳ̱ͼĳȻûųɹ£ڵ߰˰ˣ°ǳɫţж̿㣬Ӻͱļʮ֣ܿԵߺССĶ꣬мƶƷ񣬽ϴ뱳ͬİɫ˶Ь
ڼȻڼ⣬𾪵ģ֮࣬СеС
һʱûĴ·仯δ̫ˡ
Ҫ֮ǰҪһЩĸд
ܺÿ
׺ȻĶ࿴˼ۡ
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ײλãȽ
š
ʱĲݮζŨ
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ϳӡŵͼС¥µĳС
뵽ʲô̧ͷղϳʲôʱѾڳ𣿡
һȸղЩ
ǿ̣Զԡҵű˴һԡŮ˴˳



95 

Ů˺Ư ˬĶ̷ֻзʪЩżˮ飬 Ƿµص㲿λԡס
ӭһԡң վŸİ˵סˣͷͣ˷䣬 ܿ򷽰ʣλǣ
ӭʷ׵ôȻԱײ⸱Ӳ⣬ֲǹųģ Ҫ֪˱ˣ϶ᴩ·ٳ
ΪʲôʮȵȻо⡣
ӭŴ󳨵ķţ˵ţ е䡣
ȷ׹˷ţ ǹⲢûˣ Щ
ӭǰվŵˡ
ǡԶԷ
ԷǹĨȣЦ ûһЦ⣬ǵĮ˶ʱֲԵ壬 ǹй¶ ʾ
ǻʳǣ ſֹԽߡ
ӭȻһʱס ӦȥԷʱԷȻ˷ס
Щֻڣ 쵽˿ûղԣΪҪʸӭͬ⣬뵽֪˴˵û棬׵Ҫܡ
׻δڣʣ°̣
ûоȼ˳׵ͷ˵ţк
ŷ׿˿Էɫӭĺӷ׵Ļк
ƽ˵ûһеĵĮҲ˺ܶ࣬·һˡ
ǰ̬תڿ죬ӭ˼Ӧһתÿãӭ
˵꣬ӭһ֣ܾЩ졣
˵ֺ߱ӺӭջأԷףȥ
Ҫ˵ãѾתˣ׵һӰ
ֱӰս˲˶ӡ
ӭԡ׼򷽰ףŲһ뵽ʲôԭء
׿ۺӭȥ·
ӭͷֻ˸ԡղôҴ
̫죬ѣҡĳֳͻԼҪʲôôǵúӭ
˵Ҳ֪СΪ
ӭɴ۾ͻȻģ
ӭ׽˵ϢС
ԵȻͶˣڷϣߵ
ӭֻأЦǸСˣûͦÿ
е䣬е㡭˷
ӭߵ˷ߣײײ˵Ǳ׽ڴ
Ĵ
ʲô׽飿
ü˵ûС
ֵС㰢ˣܲи̵ӣ
ӭգۣҿûȫֻ˵֣˵ġ
ĬȻѯʵȷʵûекӭ̡
ʱ岻Ľ̡
ءӭķ׵ļ磬һ·ȥˡ
ӭתȥ˲ԡ
ԭվ˻ȵüĵչⲽ˳
߱ʣôˣ
岽ң׵˳
ϵ䣬ϴŲˡ
Ƴֱ߽Ѳ˷ŵһߣ˦˦ϵˮתԷף첲vv࣬·
ǰֽżϵĽᡣ
ϵᣬ׽⿪һʱ˵ô˵һҺȥ㡣
ǰŵԴǿװĵ˱ļ
˵һϲ
׽ϵŵĽȫ⿪·鵽ϣ·ͬʱǾϲû뵽һžͿ㡣
װ·˻Уʣ۰ɣȥϢ
ûȵش𣬵ȵǼĿ
ס
ֻδɣø첲§ס׵ͷڷ׵ļ羱ʣ𣿡
ױ·λǡڼµƤʱָʶջأ򴽣˵롣
ô졣
ûбشȡãƵռţڷ׶ߵૣû׼ʲô
û˵ָ֣˭˶
˵ܳȥԸ
˵ҪԼ
ûΣΪҪҵ˵ġ
ᵽ׵㣬ʣǰ̸𣿡
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۵׵⿪ʼůѾˣŷ׵սҪѷ壬ѪҺ϶Ϊһ
ױܶΣмֹͣҲֹͲֹϢӵ
֣Ѿϰߡ
ԾͷľѣҲûֻ֣ǼϢ絽ϣ΢Щ
ָ˴Զһ㣬˵ǣС𣿡
ڷΪʱһš
һ
ˣ
׻㱼䣬оϲһĨȼĺҪ
żϵʧ˵ܿͺãȥŰɡ
˵ȻҲûκβԵĵطֻǲСģ˴
ɱǼƵĲݮζɢȥ
żף׵ãҪҡ
ӳװѼ·ִɳϡ
ӭ·ӲԳľǷվɳ߷Ŵ
߹ȥأ
ױѣҡҡͷ˵ûʲô
ã¡ӭγɰ뻡ѹF.J.Ǹɣ
·ʱôҲֻ½õϢʱˡ
ѹֶ졣
κǸF.J.
ףš
ӭ죬𼸷ǰųdada˰ͷƤһ顣
룬Ͽ棬Է˵ˡ
ײ죺Է
ܳһͻһߡ
ӭţԼˡ
ûǿǺðɣ㡣
ӭһ㡣
ͺӭţûȥɳϣصš
ʮӺ󣬷ڲǰϵķˣһʱ
ͷˡ
ֻǿˡ
̲ˡ
峴ϣ˿
ſӵֳٳٲҶ̧Ŷŵļôǿϰ
ɫ»𡣡

һٷܿ׾Թһηˡ
ǡ
˵꣬ϴ룬ȥϢ
ûܾš
ϴӳѾûмӰˣֽ˲֣ߵǰʱѾˡ
ֽӵſڵͰ̧ۿһվţһֱ߶ĳ
֪վ˶á
߽ңʲôأ
˳żȥּǶڽ䣬һŵģһֻװһ뻹ûʰ
䲻Զһɫڴϡ
ߵ¹񱻴򿪣һֻڴϣ¹Ҳ䡣
׽۵鷢õһԣ͵Ǹ˯£Ҳôߣ롭
ˡ
ûȥüҪ˯¡
ĵ˯£ÿһȵ䡣
üĬǶ䡣
ָָװӣƽʣ̴ȥģ



96 

ȥģ
һ⣬ ҲǷ׽лͷһֱԥ֪ôĻ⡣
ӭ ǰʰʰҵģܿ 󲿷ֶѾװһЩװµĶӵˣ ӭϴҲΪʰϳ˺Ĳ
ӭǰ˵˵ȥ
Ҫˡ
挝Ļ ĥ޷ȥĻһ̣ڼע£ж׾١
˵˵ȥΡ
˵귽Ī˿
ô򵥾˵ Ϊʲôᵽһ𶼲ҷ

Ϣô룬 ᲻֮ǰ뿪ûѶ
һڷǲģ Ǽ֪뷨
˳Ų룬 ׾ǲҪ֤֤ϵ ڼϵ뵽 ΪʲôҪ֤ЩȥΪʲôҪõͬ⣬ İΪ
˵
뷨
׽ëţڻûĳ
̧ŵָ첲й ࡣ
ſʼֲõԤУÿӾ˳ ΪΪӭɵȺӭ뿪ָоҲûʧ
ֱҿ䡣
Ƥŷס
ߌϵļ󣬷װ̾Ȼе뷨ġ
żŲߣΧڼߵ׳ţֳ̧ȥ
з׵ֶһ£ûҪ˼Űַ˼ķŷ˿ϸװ̲ǲ˵ֻ׼㷢Ϣʱ;ϲǰѽ
һžĻǰϲĿϣұൽ˵ˣ극ٺģջ֣ڱȷ֣Ҿ͸˵˰ɡҲ֪һΪ˰ӭڴǰԼùȥεģںȶˣǡ
󼸸û˵꣬ϡ
˵㡣
ڼϣ׿ɫڿЦ붼ûܾС
ܾĻ˵̫죬óȫûо˼
ŷףڲԡ
ΧЩȡ
׺ЩһŻһЩжŲһͻʵΪʲô
㻹ѧҵй
ôģѿڶ룬ǼҪǸһȥˣǼô졣
ûٳĬ˵ĩͽˣĹҲźˣ֮ҿԶ̰칫
Ϊϳǣ˼ͨڳʱ䣬æһֱûϵףΪû֪ԭиľϲ
۾΢УǳǳĻȣ˵Цлᵽһ˿Σա
ȵգۺٿֻڼŵϿЩ΢ڵĳϿҡ
ڵȷͬ⡣
ôԲԺӵ߷ףͬ⡣
÷ָоʲôڻؼҵʵģ޷ɻش
ͬڲƵѹȣָоˮôֻˮš
׵һθо挝ʱ޴ӱҪ
粱ӱ䵽ĵطȣëֲϲӣǴƤϡ
ָḧ£⽥ˣ⶯Ҫڣȴᵽָ⵭ĲݮζʱеĻɤڡ
һЩûµĻʱȪӿǵصϮ
ţŰɡ
׿żת䣬ɤڵҪȰ˵Ļ¡
žٴȣѹ뷨˵СǶиԵ
ϼ˫ۣӌбصûҪһֱߡ
£еĵȻ˲
ûҪǲܡ
Ҳ˵ǿп޵ģûҲܹȥ
Ȼ鶯ɬȫ
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˵ܵҲϵֻڶԼڷλá
ģǷ׳ʱľĬ
ŷ׵ıտڲԣеļҰһûʬ޴棬ҡ
ϣʧ֮ʣĿ˷׾׵ľϣ˿˿鷢ڸĳŷ۵ġƤ
ϻްĹ⡣
ûעԺӿ뷨ѹôŴǵ۾ͫѻɢûмС
뷨̫𾪣׳ڿ벻֮ᡣ
ӭ˵Ļڶ߻죬ѻһںϳһͷ
ϲ
ôأ
ôϲ
ָôͣ
֪ˡ
벻еķףɤѣع̧ͷ
֪ʲôˣ
û˵֪ʲôʣ׼ȥ棿
ƽʷ׳ʲôһ
һķףɲʱûӦ
˵ʱ򿴵ÿķ羰̷ҿ𣿡
ѯʣ㡭ȥˣ
ֵȣ̸ˣ
򴽣ҡͷ
ķչԤĲһײҶԡ
ҸղҲ˵˵ֻΪûιЩ棬˵ûлᱻ̴ţû뵽
㵽Ϊֹɼüȴֳ˵ɥ
ײģֻΪ
˵һ뷽ײʶܲ˵ΪϲңԲŹ˵ػ
˵ز˵ĻǱʱû˴ʣࡣ
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֪ģԼҵĳֻŵ̡
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׺ĴҪ˵Ƕ˿ʯͷʲôҲ˵
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˵ǣллչˡ
ǰĸֻǳ֮ģԼȻΪǸǶ㲻ϵĲ仮ɼϲ
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ĵֵüϲ
ĺң˵ҲҪ
û˳
֮ǰһֱһǮҳˣ̻ǮӦġ
ûջ֣ûнӣţ⡣
ľͷϷ˭ȶ߿˵ˡ
ⳡϷʼ;Ӯ
ĳĶˡ
ԼںӮط
ȷ׽иƹףŵϣССĿ޴γȡ
¿󣬼ûһۣŴϵİ׶䣬ʵҪ˵İɣ
׿ȥôҲ˵
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ʶʣȥĶ
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Ƥһ
󣬹
ˡ
һ˵ԭ򣬷ûôˣĿУֻϤζ
׵ͷʱָ̧֣⵭Ĳݮζ֪ʱʧ
Ǵûйζ

лҪ˵
Ϊʲôѿ̣
ΪĳϹżһ䣺ߣߣߣ⣬2֣


97 

֣ ĬߵǰЩ
˫۴ڴ̨ϣŷů磬 ͷա
ȻǸᣬײòϣ Ϊϲ£뷨̫󵨣 л£Իŵڼźŵƽ
ʱ䣬ľѩϾͻعˡ
Ǽϲˡ
ͷͻһ£ ַ϶ǣΪǴԭ򣬱뿪˴ߡ
ߣָǵʱ ǰȻһģ ԺҲ˶ģ棬 ܸо֮ǰб
һ䶼ûУΪ۳˻þ
϶ͣ ˼Ҳûͣ¡
ղ˵ĻǲЩأʱ˵꣬ ı㲻Ϻã бĻ
ʲôɵǸ
ʵ˵
϶С
ֻһģ ܱ֣ҪĵĽڡ
ڳ˼ָදҲͣ¡
һ ˫գ촽ţ ղѡ
˺ܾãõ֪ȥ˶೤ʱ䡣
ȵĺȾҹɫδƵķ䶸Ȼ£ײʶδ
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߳ңĹܰܿǿһ˵ģȴǿƵͬʱСеС
û˻Ӧ
֪ڴʵߴ𰸡
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ȥˣ
׶һתңڴϵֻϢ
˰Сʱûȵظ
ֻò˵绰
绰ܲͨû˽ӡ
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⻹Ǽһβӷ׵ĵ绰֮ǰĹϵˮȣҲûгֹ
ǡˡ
뿪ǰµǾ仰ϸζܲԡ
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ŵ绰ͨƵĺ⣬ȳеС
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Ϊ绰ҶˣͨûС
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ţ˵
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󼸸֣Ƿ׾۾ţ鵽Բ׽
ߣ׺һ͡
û˼˵Ȼ󻹰Լˣ
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еż
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͵Цأͼ˵ףָҡ
ǵЦⲻַŵϣʣʲô
·Ƶģ֣ȷץ˺˵㻷С



98 

У
Ȼصͷ۽űߵĵǣ Ƶͼյ֡
ɣ
һ͸˴𰸡
ŷףСģŵ߶
һȦһȦ
ױţ ֵͲĵƹŵתţ谵ޱߵĿռ Ǿ
ֱȦײŴеȴֳзӦ żĲϵıڻ谵Ҳܿ档
󣬷죬 Цָй¶
̿Цų磬ɤᡣ
ġ
Ųһ٣ͷŷס
ΪԼЦ˼Цţ ˵Ǹ ̾Ǿͦ
һʱ䷽벻ݴʣ ϼ˫ۣԼ˵˳档
۾ģ Ʋߡ
Լɤӣ ˵طеС ʩչ ȥһĵطòã
ΪɵļԾᡣ
ܹԵصͷš
Сͬ⣬׸Ҫȥǣ ȴһڻС
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ûֽҩΪֱӵͷŷ׵ֽҩԽ
ȸоı֣Ǽ˫ĴƤõ廨ˮ档
ҩţһһųԵģһţôҩУһһϣ׸оġ
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ױͿżҩżΪ߾ʹ˽㡣
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˫۲֮ǰǰǿɵ§ûиκνĸоǺһ˫֣ȴΰѷ׻ԭء
ռУѭ뷨ء
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뷽׶ţţһ֪ǣҲ㡣
׻ûӦߵૣףһؼҰɡ



99 

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һʼȷʵˣĺܳףôصС֪ ܹ׼ȷҵԪ¥Ժӡ
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£˽䣬Ͷٵһ̷ɣ ˫ ֱۻȣ Ƥܳ˯˹ȥ
֪˶ãһܳ ԶģӺغص˳ ۾ ֻ˳ һĶûˣۡ
ûٵУ Ķš
ٴ ܵؽ˵绰
еϤ˺ܿģԷԶԷʲôʶش𣬿ɺܿԷŵĻҲϨˡ
Χܺڣͷڱ䣬۵ȴ
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ٺǻ˷ŵת⣬֮ǰЩ
׽˵ˣ˵ˡ
ŷף˵Ǿ䣺ףһؼҰɡ

˫ڵƹģĻƤס˲ֹ⡣
û𽥿ȵʱȴ㲻ˡ
ѵˮ´ŵľζŶԷµ㣬š
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վŲװ̾˿˵һ˯

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ʱ׼Ҫߵӡ
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ײ֪ǲװͲЦü˵Ҫһؼң
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лҪ˵
̣ȥԡ
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Сͣûϵ̡죩
̣һ˯һ˯


100 

еķɻϡ
ײԱλ ŵæڹˣüʱɫ棬 ôҲƵ˶ԲϺš
ΪƵļı⣬Ϊأ
ײ롣

˯ź ߳ңûȥĵط תս䡣
ֹź󣬷װ¨Ǽ·ӽϴ»
·ϴӵĹУ׶ϴ»ǰ ᡣ
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ʱǴżһغУ ϾͺӭȻغһˣ ȻٴӺгȥеġ
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Ҫģ顣
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Ǳ壬ǿĵһۣ;÷׻ᱻԷԵģռǿˣǲ÷̫Զģ׵жҪƿС
׶Ժӭ˵ĸһ֪⣬ʸʱֻǱһŮ˵ᣬǱˡ
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ڷɻĶʧظʱΪԣֻðһ⣬ͱסˡ
׵ֱסȵİ¶÷׸еġ
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ӵ÷Żŷ˵С̫ˣһⶼûС
΢ЦΪܾûķˡ
÷һæ˵ҹʱ䣬ͰѷˣССͰԵġ
ãҺСˡ˵
˵䣬Ѿ˵ӳ˳÷״æǰȥãڿ˸ǳ÷ʷףС㣬ôиǣ
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˼ңװѵǰ˿ĹϣȻת¥Ȳش򿪲ԵķţèжõıţΨûèĺۼ
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ߵߣڿһۣ˵ϡ
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Ϊ˵ںУȴھϣ
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ҡͷϰ߳;
˵Է׵Ҫ뿴һؾϡ
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ï˵ÿƷһЩڼҲһЩ־ͰЩ㷿Ͷôࡣ
ⲽߵԣӨ׵ָ⻺ϡ
ï޾վһԣտʼ˵С;ӣʱһû˵СͣʱվСǱߣ׻ִӦ˭ߣһֱؿƿģϳҶû˵
ï޵ò׵ĻӦԹԵ˵Ȼ֪Сʲôìܣһ߾ôʱ䣬СӦòǵġ
״򲻶ĵŰݷã̬ȱé®ҪϿңïмβ죬Ӧ׵¸ΪҪֻܺ˵֪
ï޿򷽰ףü֪ʲôǳڶԼֲïɤ˵
־Сͺ㡣

лҪ˵
Сͣ㶨ˣ
̣


101 

ʮ㣬 ׻˼ҡ
شЬʱǡ¥ļſڵĶͣ˽Ų
ȵƹأ ̧ͷ¥վŵĵ˶һ
ѾˣŰ· ƣɫһֱæڡ
緽ï˵ĻڷԺ идȸ˵æ𣿡
ţ ôôŻ
ͷǳ˶ٷ˵Էʣ𣿡
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׽ͣڰգ˶ټʱʣô֪ģ
ջصƽأ׵ʹͷٿٵһ£תʱϵıѾʲôҲˣʣ֪ʲô
ΪֻҪװ֪ͻһװ·
һļͻȻʵһһ˵֪ϲŮ
򴽣ô˵
˼룬׻ŴǣֵҲǰɡ
۽еˮⷺŲӦ˲ƭҲûʲôóϵģ̹ȻһԱȣŤȥеС
׵ͷ˵ǡ
۵йζǰǰôΰ̸˵ף
ô֪˵ĲŮأΪǰңһû˵û˵ǵҪԷŮԡ
Ŷ

ŶʲôӦ
ۣʵһǸ߰ˡ
ʲô
ǰѰ̵ż׼ΰˡٵ˵
ֲûյ跢κϢװ뿪Цԭҵһˡ
ôðһϡ
ЦЦȤˣ
ת¥ˡ

˷䣬ϴڴߣͷĶ
Ǹֻ
컹
ֻĺ£һܿ
΢ʾ˺ܶδϢ
ľѩ跢ģ˼ʮòظҲûٷˡ
ƣûпġ
ŶҲǣֻ˼ԷȻᷢϢ
Ȼǡ֨һ
ǰ
Ǽɫ䣬ķɢڼ󣬿ҲǸϴꡣ
ôˣ
ıӵݸףţ̡
ʶӹûȣƳţʣҺ
ߡ˵
ˢʵ̫ȣֲܾ⣬ðɣлл
һں󣬿˵һ죬ȥϢɡ
˵ּˣȴЬˡĴ
һ̲Ǻæţ̣ѾϴˣԾʣСǣ
ڴϣ˫ֳϥǰβ̲Ϣ𣿡
û
˵طϢϡ
Ѿɵһߣ޳Ƚһ𣬵ֳԴŷ׿
뷽׶ӵ˲䣬Ĵ棬̺Ҳ˯ɡ
СĴӼĻʣİ뱭ţ̺ȵ
ѱӷŵԶСԲϣûϴǿżʣҪһ˯
š
֮ǰ׻ͬˣǱ˴˲̹ǰ֪ϱֵһ֪ǲ̫һġ
ôţͬʱѻԼ˳̸֪һϲŮ
ϵʵѵ̶뷨
ô뵽ˣ
׿ҡͷûС
ǱĻ𾪵͵˫Ҳӿ⡣
ڷ΢û
룬ķıüԼ뷨
ͷķײ֪˵ʱǵЦʵġ
̷ϵĺÿ졣
쵽ü֪ÿ޻Ц
̧ǵȻ㰢̡
Ǽ䷢һߣǰ̹ʲô
׻Ȼ԰ʲô
ΪʲôҪ˯ˣʼˡ
˸ƣͷŴͷ棬ָͷƽİ˵ϰˡ
˯ޣ
ҿʰһ𣿡˵
ףʲô
Դ˵˵̸ղŷϵ̫죬ҵġ
׵һӦǲţôô׾ͱɵ˫ʱ뷨ɶ
ǲˣ
ʲô׵
Ūҵķõһ˫˿̺ſ˹˵ʣ㲻Ұ̣һϲ뷨𣿡
ܵƺĺӷ׵Ļشһġ
Ǽİ̡
Ĭһ⣬򴲡
ڷ£ȲţȴʧԸС
յѩ
һۣƲͷ
ٿʱ׻ش𣺡Ҳᣬ̫Сˡ
ͷС𣿡
׶ǰߣ˵䡣
ţüۼ⣬̺Сʮ𣿡
ױЦߵ£ǲǣôô𣿡
Ϊ뱻ϲ



102 

Ϊ˼ ת췽ױ˾ϡ
ǵģǷ׺֪δʽԬ档
˼ʺһ£ Ԭ濪ʼĹûзף ǷԼ˶⣬ ûȥ˵ʲô
ԬǵС뿪ˣûи¥
ڼָƿʱ򣬷ûס ʶ𣿡
ѾָƣҪţ׵Ļ֣ͷŷ˵š
Ϊʲô
Ц
ײԵŰѣ Ȼڼע£ š
Ÿһ죬 ׾ʹӷ϶пЬϣһè˶ǣ ռȫԲ˫ͫһգգš
ÿλͻῴһĻ ֻҪϤĽŲ ͻЬ ԹԵض档

ܹĳ˵Ľǡ
͸ŷ죬һһèӡ


ǿ̣ʲôҲˣ ߵЬߣַڱԴදţ С
ûзУͻᱻĻ棬ŷºԼͷŷ׵֣ʱʱͷ
˲俴ϲǵҡ
һߣߵ׵ߺ򱴱˵ڱץ࣬ţǵζ
֪ǻǵζԳ˵Ǻܳһӣû뵽ûǡ
űĶ䣬ʣʲôζѽ
𣺡ġ
׿ʵǱ
ջ֣ţ˵ġ
ЦЦת˫סǰȵĲλڻŷ֣ȥ֣ϣĺŶСôιôֵģ
˵ɳè̫ˣվűеۡ
ɳʼ㲻ڵ⼸˭ιıԬС𣿡
΢΢ҡͷҪ˵
ˡտһк˭֪ûЬϣŤͷſڵ䣬һ̧ͷ˿վŵˡ
ô˵һǲǡ
ںտɳŵ˺ס
ϸȷһ飬ȷûп󣬳У̣
ײյĳ֣Сȸûȥü۳ЩҲ࣬Ư
˷׻ǺܿĵģűСأþò
ԭض˺ü꣬ŸŻ˾þòȥӵףȴ·ʱͣ˽Ų
ŷףǻϲֿƲס˵̣ôͻȻȥˣֻżﲻϵǡ
ĨЦ˵ͻȻ㡣
ֻǶ˵ͻȻ
˻壬Ȼ򷽰ףȻǲǼδһİжûУһΪǼߵģ֮ǰʲôһֶ˵
ۺա
߳üԴƣڼ˺ܶίȻԸ׸״С⡣
΢ЦûУɢɢġ
ޡָűʷףǰعʱģ
ϳǣ׻ش˺յ⣬һʣô֪һعˣ
ָŷ˵ǰʱͻȻιȻԼʧ˺óʱ䣬һ˵ȥ㣬ĳСĶҵַȻҲȥˡ
˳źָķȥżһƽؿǣںյġָ𡱺⡣
ɳ˵ڲʲô¹ĳ˹ʲôŲ˵ġ
ü¹⣿
Щ⣬Цŷף̣˵ҵİ¹⡣
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ó˵ĳָû̫ջ˼
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ľѩʲôϵ
˵ģӿֳԵĴ㵣ֱ㶿Է΢Ŵкκ󣬺աǳЦ
һʱ׺ͼ߼ϡ
˵üⶼǲ⣬ǡ
Ц˼ؿ»˻ŷ׽ͣûûʲôҿЦġ
Ĭںպͼϣڴʲôա
ɫںմЦʱѾˣźգʣ𣿡
յͷС
ӷ׻бһûιء
Լι߰ɡ
ǣô˵ģճŲŲ˵㿴

׿źգ˵ϳ緹ˣһԡ
·ڳ˲ٶԼڼ
գѽ
Ҫȥӣһ˵ȥϢ
˵תȥ˳
ɨۼıӰתͷԷ˵һȥЪŰɡ
£ʣҪҪιèԷɺˡ
ױյĻȤߴӼջأЦŵͷð
ιèʱ򣬷׵֪ոͬУͬרҵ˻ͬᣬżŻסҲڸ˷ӡ
ѹദ֮ǰҪá
ιè󣬺˵ȥϴˣ䵽ԣʰ

ռû˷Ӱ㲻а
вȻͣ¡
ΧЩ䣬ɫҲƽĮպûƵģ˵һΪѷ̴Ϊһˣӣ̺񶼲֪˼
һ˵ǲǲУ
˲ˡ
šdada˼ʣ㡭ỹûԷ̸װɣ
˵ʱһֱżżë˲Ȼһ仰Ҳû˵
ĬĻ
ŵ°գ۾գŸ˵ҳظղǾ仰㲻ǲУ̫ˡ
ŷ뿪󣬺շԷ׵ĸ飬뷽׾ܾʱ˵һģһԽùȥ⿪Ц
Ϊһģȵ뿪ʱ䳤ˣֲǡ
ѰҺտУԷ׵ִη
żôİڼ׵˲ˮйӻôֻǰĴӿȡ
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ţ˵
һв˶ͣˣѯʣΪʲô
ŵ¡
ջûȫ֪˼
Ϊʲô׻ϲ֮
Ϊ˵Ļһǰᡪİ̡
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оǡüšһ£֪ǲǴʱһЩ̸Բ׺Ϊϲˡ
кõĲսУȻӺùϴõĲˣڲ˰š
ɣɫŲæ
տۼתͷƳۿû׺ֽͣڼϡ
һ㲻л˼ʵ벻Ҫʲô
֪ݷǳٳٲֻڵʱ
ȵʱȫѷߡ
ڡ
յȲش°̧𣬶żüЦҪȥ̸һ£
ջ£вͣ
ͷżĵȻӿ졣
еڣӦҪȼµ֮˵ġ
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Ȼһ˵ѩϻعˣԵٸףʱΧۡ
գ
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Ҳǡ

лҪ˵
һ»£С͸ס
[˵ΪʲôʶΪ̰ӡ趨Ƽ˵ദԲá֮ǰ˵ΪСҪ֮ġ


103 

غеʱ̫̣ ̵ӶûʰϳǵЩԭⲻش˾ϡ
ҲЩƷһЩǽҪƷֱӴ
Էǰ ʼݵַ
ͣټҪ˷׵ֻ
򿪹 Ϊӵַʱ׸еһ˿ů⡣
ʱն̲˴ӳ ׵ĺջ̵֣æǰӹһ̣ôһһˣ
գһˡ
Ц еʱҲ
ż͵С
֪ԸЩɢ˼Ҳˡ
Щ鷢ˣȥ룬ڱ棬 ɵһʱȥ ȻŻȥ˼Ϊʲô ȥǲʲôû֣˵Ǻ֪
лһЩ ŬİãһЩû̫ӰС飬 ׾ͻȥ
굥ջ˵Ǽ ֻһ׻ȥģ ʮ൥
̧ͷżСջдϢ
۷׵ֻ ȷʵֺ˵˳ִϵģ ҪҰϵͷһ𣿡
ã鷳ġ˵ͿԣֲǱ˵ġ
ɫɶûӿϣ˵ֻҪַûӰջС
һȥĻʹ˰ܸʵ
ַûдҿ̾͵ˡ
ѿݶڵ棬һԵĵ̺ϣżһһš
ȻջǼǷģҲûȥϵƷϢ
ֲһֽӣʶҪѶóȴڿװʲôֽֽбԵһʱ֪ηӦ
šָס

ҡݮˮζġ
Ա߻һЩƷ
ⲻġ
׵һӦȡ˿ݣæҳӡпݵһ棬ϸȥջϢ
ǼûôΪʲôᡪ
˼סͷһջ˵֣ȷСĵش򿪱סֽ䣬Ķ󣬷׻е㲻ţæֻȥĹϢ
УûģҲûӹﳵܹǰ״ܻģˣֻģ
ɷ׼˺ü飬Ҳûдﵥҵָ׵Ķ
Ȼţ޿ɵǣָǡġ
𾪹󣬷׶ʱæ˫Ҳһ糺졣
Ѽݲˣ
ҪǱҲˣ֡ȫǼ˽
÷׼ϴδȥϳǵ죬ӭ͵Щ֡
ڷ׵ͬһҵ˲٣䷢ȡ
ϴβͬǣʲôûˣ˶ʲôζģ
һæӵ̺Ϸ
˿̷ޱңüֽз϶ģֻҪ͸Ŀ˳Żĵطճסڸסֽб򿪹ļ
һӦò֪˿ݣͲеΡ
ǵģ¼֪Ŀݱ״򿪣׸Ǽ
ŶʮͷȻˣǸСŮҪָ֪ױˣ϶Ầߡ
˵ʵʶǼʱ򣬷еţ֪Ѿɳͬˣи໹ǰѼСӶԴֻά˼룬ڿ¼ʱ򷽰˹ûʲôǺ¡
ֻ˲䣬ҪǷйڼĻ治ʮĳģڳ˵ļ
ڷ˺þãҲûҵȥʼûУҪûȥ
˿̷վֻ˿ԱߣҲڿҪϢߡ
ź󣬷תƳɳϵΣͣ
Сʲôʱģ
ҵ̫棬û
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û𿪵Ŀݣڵ״ûġ
ݶѾڲ輸ԣһƳܿ
СŲţҪټǰȰѺסȻҸҪ
뷨ܺãҲ˳ֻ䡣
ʱ׵עȫ˿ϣûпɳϼµƤʱڿ׺ָһƬ
ЩƵغ̡
ĳŲ˶ͣ£׺һʱҲܽӲ
ױýţ˼עӣҪ͵͵¾ûô򵥣ֻҪֳһ쳣бֵĿܡ
Ŀ֮ʣ׹Ȼʣ˵Ҫ̸ôô磿
ʵҲ磬һСʱͺˡ
ֻ˵֪£Ѿֳ쳣ˡ
ָ̧֣̫Ѩϣ̸ˡ
״ӦŶ
ͷҸʲôڰѼɳ֧
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˵ԽԽС˵ϸ˵ʲô
ֻ򽲻ʱ̧ͷȥͿſݶѡ
׼ȷĽûüڵǸݺУҲǡǼָס
׽ƳۣĶչǰˡ
Ǳˡ

˲òһˡ
׺ᣬߴӿݺתϡ
ʱ򷽰׺۷ʲô粻ң̩֮Ȼ
ڣ׾ִٵĳȴɫûһҡ
׺ȻҲ;ûʲôˡ
⣬ʲô
룬˵ʱЩǸûע⣬Сĸˡ
ƿߣ˵ûϵ
żǰ㣬޳ֱ̧輸ĳ룬ó˰Ľ
׶Լôûط
ˡ˵
ܿԭ򣬿򳨿ĺӣʣ̲ճɣ
£ûò˼˵ǡ
Ц̺ߣ
׿ٷϣģҺʲôߣ
΢ߵǰʣϲʲôζ
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󷽰׺Ȼᵽ˾ζζŨ˺ܶࡣ
żʣȾˣ
ţ˼
ȷ˵ʣݮϲ𣿡
׾ļζһʱ벻صԡ
ͦϲζǡ
΢΢üϸһԵĿ䣬ڷ׵ע£ָס
ݺʣָ׺Ʒ
˵ЩƷ̰ӵ
ף
أ
һвݮһСҡ
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˫˵͸ˡ
Ϊʲôʡ
ЦǳˣӦöɣ

Ȼ
Ϊʲô
˻ģ
ͼĹϵӸˡ
ʱü£Է˵ȥϢˡ
ܵͣЩ顣
עⱻתƣĿڼϣĵ
üģţͷеۡ
ﵣģ˵ȥϢɡ
á˵ſ۲輸һֽӣ˵Ҹ̴ķţ̳
һһдţ˹ȥֻһۣջ߶Լ˵֪ˣһͳԣȥϢɡ
ͷš
˵ָ׻ҡ
뿪׵ſʣµУϵı޿
ǾϺһҲ͹ݣĲϵҲܷϷ׵θڡ
ȴһʳûУȫԲ¡
һ̫ãûպá
˼Ӻ󣬷˵ֻѹң˱ˮҡ
ƿҵʱ򣬷׽УС
ص䣬ڴһϵ·ԽЩӹó˯¡
׿ŵʱ򣬼ѾףΨһİ׳еĿӶѾ⿪
ӷ׵ĽǶȿľŰɫµĵΣ°ڸβһ˫Ⱦԣڷɢš
𣬼ţ£ûκε׹ĺɫɼɫ𪣬ƽ̹С
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ףͣҪ·֣ǰɦͷõʣ̣ôˣ
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ߵǰŲڰɫ̺ϣơ
ӷӹӺ󣬼̺˿ˮ
ˮŴġ
գգۡ
⣬лл̡
ǡȳȥˣЩн
Ӧá
׵˾ûºϸҪ½ҡ
ûпһܻҪˮ
׵ͷãҼǵˡ
ɳ
ղſһĻ֮ȥ
ǰʱʻ᲻뷨
˵ǻҲᣬʱֻ˵˲ԭصܵ˲ϣȻǸ֡
׻ǵõʱƣ续ˣϣŻʦġ

׸Լһˮʲô
֨ſʶתͷ
˯еǼɫ˳׿˵ȥϴ衣
סšһ
˵ûȥǶűӼˮ
ϴ裬ûһҲȥϴˡ
׽ԡǰ컹ڣԡҳûƵĿġ
ԡķ䣬һ죬͸˻谵Ĺ⡣
ϢûУûв
뵽˵ҪһˮǰҪˮ
Ȼŷ죬ʮǰײĳŲͣǰ̧Ҫš
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׻ǲǼ岻ʼأҪŶʱϸĵʹС
ƽ䲻ͬƵɤòţëġ
̧ŵַ¡
żŲ
ϢĴǰ뿪ɾתʱִһ
ס
Ҵ뿪ûпֻŴͷƵķڣȻɫů£ſûӰӺ󣬴еһȥָܿ䵭



104 

ûƵķڳģ ױţһ㱳űģ Ҳ޷漳ȡ⣬š
˳͵Ȼеʧ롣
ҵʹѪҺѭ ׸о˶⣬Ҳȡ
ת뿪ʱģ ƪĵƽһ׺ߣʹԶݵֹͣС
һ ֪ôӦܹص䣬׾Ѿĺܺˡ
ԡ
Ϊʲô֣
áԺڣ ֻӻطǿ̾ͱˡ
ǵƽ
֫Щ ߵ£ ֱͦͦص˴ϡ
ѷ׺֪ģԼ⣬ ˵Ϊ
컨壬Щӵϸڷ Ѿһ
֪˶ã ׽侲 ƽЩҵ˼򿪡
ûٱޱѵģЩѻŵϢʱߣ һš
ܳʱȥ׷߼
Ϣ̫̫ӣ ޴֡
ȥշתߡ
ڷױűӣ˫ǿԼ˯ʱ򣬿춯
ۣ֣
ˡ
ߵ㣬ɷѾ͸Ĺ⣬ѷһҹδ˯
Ķϣóڿѹƽʱ׿ᱻѡ
ȴͬȣڷ׶޷Ŵ
ЬĦ棬˼ͱ˿
ȥϰˡ
ë£׻鸴ӵϵ˯ʧ˽롣
Щɣͷϵˮûˮ
ǰ׾Ѿˣֻͣš
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ֻһۣ׾Ϳڲ輸ϵָס
룬װǵĿ䱻ˡ

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ûʲôֽžǡ
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˵
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һҶʱץģһȫеĶֻܱƽȵġ
ϴ󣬷׵ߡ
Ųʳһһݵİϣ̾ġ

ûȥҲûһֱͷŷ
Hո̢ˢŢʢ̢ǢŢɢ
ŷףͬСӽʳһ۵׻Цڿ۵׵ĺʱ֮Щ
ڣΪô׻ԶጝĹۡ
׳ھͲˡ
̧Ҫ˵ʱʣ̽Ҫʲô
׶£ôˣ
ʡ
ǰЩ۵ķأ˯
ɫ죬΢ģϵıƵǰȵ㶹
׵ͷá
ڶ󣬷ûٺˣżʣȥϰ𣿡
š
·Сġ˵Ȼطˡ
صңûмŲóֻ㿪˵ͼꡣ
ȵ뿪׻˯³š

һ׷Ѿ㣬̫û£㡣
ϴģʱ·ؼҺ̫ûü
°ͿĶڿɫһ٣´
׵˿֣ԼĶѾ˿ˣĶš
ɳϵ˴ɫϼ޿۾ϱܵ
̧ۿ򷽰ף߹ŵЦЩʲô
ƽûһЦ⣬ǵЦԻ˵նΣˡ
һ顣
˼飺
ôഺڵĺӡȷԽüҳҪ֪֪ʶɡ
Ƿоġ
ؼҺͿ̫ûüվͻط˯ˡ
С˯һȼ°ǰʰͺã˭֪Ѿˡ
ĺ硣
˵챾ȥ˾ģΪиҪĺҪȥ̸ȥĹ˾
һͻ˼ңɳСʱ
Сʱ顣
ץ˸С
Цⲻ۵ȴһ֪
ת򷽰ףǾÌҵĽ𣿡
ͣǣҾ㿴
ϷףϣȽһ𣬵ʣ˰ɡ
ƤֱΪʲôͻȻˣ
ȻԤϵڿ󣬻µǲʲôû뵽ֱʳڡ
¡嵫Ҫװʲô֪
ôԼƴֽˣ
ˣֽ˵̽ҷ䣬Ҳùָף֪Բǰ
֪֪ߣ
ǣˡ׳ϡ
ٲϣ˵ʲô޴Ļ
ǰ˼پɳͣ¡
ۼ˵С㲻þò˼
öƤ׷״Ŀ˼ˡ
׻˵ܹ⣬ϾഺڵʱߣôҲҲ˵ʲôģɡ
ɵʵǷס
ŷףЩЦʣ԰̾οʱ֣Ϊഺڌ㱧Ի룿
Щʱ򣬼Уоô벻
˵ֱ̫ףֱ׵÷Ҫ˵Ļȫŵɤڡ
ӿ졣
Ĭ˺óһʱ䣬ײ˵ǡ
ҹշתҵĽͣȻе뵽˵УΨһÿܵġ
ܲΪϲɣ
סе
Ӧȥ
߱ժ۾ûоƬڵɼ
£ڲصҰġ
ûΪ
ڷǰͣ£ġȴ޴ɲء
ϲأ



105 

ԼСĺӸ˵ϲ㡱ʲôӦ
Ϊ˼İ 㺣Է׻ܿĵؽܣһػһ䡰Ҳϲ㡱
Ϊ С֮ܶȣҲСĻûлӦġ
С Ҫף˯һŴ ˵һЩڱ˿Ļ״룬ֻãŶ С׽ҡ
ΨһüϲǴΣҲǷᵼµġ
飬Ҳֻһ£ûȥ˼
δã ϲ
֮Ի Ϊ׺һ£ СˣǱгɫԽӽĴˡ
һĺֻˡ
˵ϲ ƺϴѹȸУСϪϸչ
㱣 ֪ô
ִٵطȣ Ǽð˺顣
ѾҺɣ Ϊʲô˵ģǱһ־ųĻ
ֻǼڶɫش ǰ˵̡Ҳϲ㡣
һЦ
̶̵ЦУ ŹȻˡϵô˵ζ
̧ͷı飬ºͼӣֻ΢΢̧ͷû˵
£ЩȴֲʧеķĿƣ˱סü⣬¶˼УŵĴźıǼ⣬ŵ۵˫գɢķ˿ҵС
ֻ˵˾ϲԷʲôµϢ
⻹̵ôʱ˵ģֲ֪ܵʲôطȥˡ
׵Ļػü̾˿۵޿κΡ
֪˵״װͿ˵ĻڷͬСӹҼңֻǾЦ
ǰһβţϲң
⿴Ķɫغ˵š
׵Ϊûӹۣװʲôûʣϲһϲң
ǰߵ󲽣ֱӾվ˷ǰ˼ľʹ
ʶˣɽŸȴֵӲϣһһǽ
ף
Ƴ׵ĶбûŲ򷽰ףǰԼ˵ġ
ΪʲôǶǽķףûһ仰תͷȥ
ͷתǰϮһӰһصζܣסȥ·
һ룬һĨĴ
׺סëţɨ˼գ˵ıӲҪһ
׵һӦǣͷĺ᲻䵽ϡ
ܿ췽׷ӦΪʲôҪʱЩѵǸ
ɻ𾪵ķףȻҪƿһĬ
ǰһ뻹ڱߵתЩ
ۣ׵ָ˿Ϸ׵ĺףֵֻʳָţ𷽰׵°ͣ΢̧ܸõǡ
Ƥ£Ǽأʦͨģ΢ŵ˫ס׵´ıͬ׵Ĵ鱥һ£ͬƣһº󣬼ٴθϷ׵
ڴסǿ̾ͻع񣬵ٴ£ƿ
ղŻ˺׾ͱƿڷ׷˿̧֣ŷָҲһͬߣ˰벽һռ䡣
ܱƵ̫ˮܣ΢һͻᱻǰ
˿󣬴ӿʼͱķ׵˴Ϣᣬ΢΢źſ۽ëҲգ¡
ǱģһȻļȣ˾ǻһ߲ǳȵʮ꣬ĸ
Ҳȫû뵽û뵽ûġ
һֱù˵СǲԵġ
仰ȡ
ģ
ǻߵĿľ֣ڲ׽ѾõֻͻȻڿľֵèȥ˺ҧʱè˵УȣʾΪͲԵ
Ƕ꣬ŲΪһ
ЦЦ˵ϲң
Ǿң
˵ϲֲϲ
˵һֱ㵱ӡ
׻Ϊͣ½ĺ裬Ҷĸһ
ĬĬƵҲǺӣͲˡ
㡭˵Ļصں䣬ס
˵֮Բô롣
ֱŷ׵۾Էװ䣬һ㶼ûʧʹż˵ĻԺҵ׷ߡ
仰׷˷׵·
ͫ΢ͷͼĶӡ
ԶĬ˽һӡ
ǱĽڵ
è£𣬡̡
ޱؿȥ
룬ûҪڵ˼ڣʰһ⡣
ױû˿仯ȴԾʲô
ʣʰ뿪𣿡
ʵƽ֪𰸣ʳֻȷһ¡
Ǹ⡣
׾ôġ
򴽣˵뿪Ϊ㣬ΪѾ˱ĿĴˣԲҪߡ
ͬϣЦһȥģ
ȻЦɼȴûЦ⡣
Ĭ˻ؼҰغС
ס
е䡣
ѭ̧
򷽰ףϲŭֻ㣿
ǡ˵
˵˵ϡ

Ȼ
ǡ׷ϵҲΡ
ʣָʲô»Ǹղ£
ɫ
ŬΪε飬һٵı𣬸ˡ
ǲǣ׳
˵꣬״Ӽǰƿɳϡ
ڲ輸ϰŵ飬ķ顭ǡ
ǡ÷ǣʱ͵ġ
߹Ӱ˿ǡ
Ƕ۸ô˺Ҳ˺
ͷƵؿֶ˿ʯͷ
ѾվɳԣƳµİǷŵϡ
üĽ塣
ֵڴһ£ѱ׵˺˵ӡ
ȫĿת·֪ʲô
ǵݵǰԷ޶ԣְǰƶŲ˷ߡ
ͬʱ˵
ײǹȥҴ˿Ҫ⡣
ûſȥԣְУԼιߡ
Щʱû˵
ֱͦŷ׵Ĳôôÿ
ſ˼룬ǰ˵ʲôԵû
£䣬Ǿס

ֻ侲طһ·ʲô
Ͼ˻ɵġ
ǻ˺ܶ࣬ζ÷ȶأû
ʲôģֻǲ֪ô¡
š
˼Ƭ̣˵ϲҡ
Ȱ衣
ɫ䣬ش𣺡ϲ£ҿƲס
Ǳҧ顣
΢졣
ҧǣ꣬ǳˣζȴûɢ
𲻵á
ͻȻʶ˵ûֻ
ˡ
ûȥ˵˾䡰طˡ첽صңš



106 

ײû˸׹ ÿεľܾ࣬ûһ¡
ص䣬׵һʱǰ žӳӣһ㶡
˿ң ۾Ҳе죬ƽʱ˳ʧ Ǹޱ߷ˡ
ղôԼģ
ԣոռץͷţӦǼŪҵġ
Ǿ͹ּ롣
ͷʱ ĿⲻԾ˾˵Ĵϡ
촽ûʲô仯һʣûôףûб졣
ͻǸƽʱһ ɷܾﲻͬ
ʱˣ ʱȫûʲôо ֻǵǺµζڱǼ䣬ʳָָ´ ĸо÷¡
ִӴÿ׵ͷָ ˼
ΪʲôϲʲôʱϲģǼϲͻȻ ˵ֵ̫٣
ϲˣ СľأϲСľ
ߺ͸߶˸ı䣬Ϊ
ǵġ
Ͼվ飬ʱûԭģ Ĵ仯ǿ˵Ĺȥġ
ھһһľѩ˹ ߾鿪ʼ͸ı⣬֮һػء
һСʱȥ׵˼Щʱȶ
᲻ص˷ףţոյƽͻȻֽ
Ȼô룬عʵȫɢ
½ʮ룬׿žûг
װ˯ǽвѵġ
ܻܾ׼ץװ˯ߵǸ㡣
ţ˵̣ҽˡ
ô˵ȴûκζ
ʵű򿪡
ſúܿ죬ŷҲĺܿվڼǰеһжڸ˵ûж㣬ûС
峺ؿŷףһԲ
ױЩȻһ˵ղʰû𣿡
·ɫǳɫţп㣬ͷɢڼ羱Χ
ǰһ뻹ְӢת۱ѧ
ŷ׵Ŀڣûջߣɨ˷׵ͷ˳ķ˿ָ飬סҪȥͷ뷨˵ȥԷ
ײؾ䲻ԣȴ᲻üΪΪղŵǣŲԵģ
ڼˣ
еСӶĸо
֪ǲǱݵģ׾ڼǰԱ࣬˵ɡ
´ȥģ
˵һ¡
ɣ
˵ҲҪ
ӻҪ
ţ
׿żԴ⡣
ʵڲ׼ʲôҪɵĵط
˷׵ʣȻͣһθ׺ܽţҪ⡣
ף
ûš
һҲûʲô飬ѯʣ̾ô
ֱԣô
Ŷˡ
Цһ£üۼ˿棬´Ŭ
ĬĬ˵˼û´Σû˵ڣҪ·𣿡
׿ϴģŻıû
߰ɡ
׾¥
İ¶ûȣ紵ˬ
ΪС¥³ԷųȥͿԡż˳ߣżӺóͷһһۡ
ѷɫĵݸ˷ס
׽ӹûϣûҪʲô
ͷվԭأżִӿڴóһԿףߵԶĵ綯ͣŴ
ȵﳵ˷ǰײųĳ
ôҲ󲻵
ǼΪȥѧУġ
һ˵ɡ
Ϻڳʱͷ
ٶȲǺܿ죬ӭ滹ǻз硣
ͷ·˿£·Եľǲ
ڳʻһ·ڣתʱ˵ף§ҵ
̧ǰĺ󱳣֪ںûܾҪס½ǣ˵ˡ
紵һЦ
գգۣͷϣ̧ȥʱס
קŷ׵֣÷§ס
ϵͷ紵ߣҪȥŪ
׻Ҫջ֣ɵܶ°ȺԼջֺӵĽֵﳵΣա
ֻ÷ֱۼż
ϸֽƬ
׺ܻһͻյ
ﳵչֵΧԽԽ࣬ƼԶļ¥һ۾ϳǽѧ¥
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ţڵУ
ȥ𣿡ʣԼĵطͦȤġ
ԣͣһҲ͹ǰ˵ȥԷ
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˽꣬ԱϤʣ㳣Է
Ρ
㲻ϳÿǺԼġ
Աߵŵ˵ķԱЦλͬѧƯǲסѡ
һЦǺƯ
̧۷ףѲ˵˹ȥҪԵ𣿡
ûӣ㡣
š
˼װԵġ
ﷹ˵ζãԲŻӦúĲ͹ݳԷ˶ӡ
󣬼ʣԷϰ𣿡
׻أǳԷĶһ
ΪĻ
Цô
Ϊҽȥֻܴ㵽ҵС
㡭˽һҡ
ָ²ˣóԡ
£ΪóԣԴ
һڲˣƷ˵ͦóԵġ
Цš
Թ׽ѧУ
򵥵Ĳιۺ˵˲ٳ
ܹˣУڵͬѧЩٳ˻ࡣ
Ҳٳǿŵйأ˶С
ڲٳȻܹ߹ܶˣҲЩӣ׵ĺȻ;þûָоУ԰
ϵͷӹֿտգ첲ǰ΢ػţη紵
һ̣ĺܷɡ
ƺҲ⼸췢£ڼûپࡣ
ܲΪϲһֱŤɣ
̹ȻԣȷĴʽһζضܣǳԼС
ͷ֮һһǰһš
˭û˵һ̡
Ųٳ˼Ȧֻǵ׼ȥʱͣŵ綯ĵطͻȻ·ơ
ǹڼϣӰУںڵķڹŹϻްı÷״˸㶣ڼͷʱûκηӦ
۰ʱ˷ߣע⵽׵񣬼۵׵Ц棬ָ⽫ڷǰ鷢ԷЦ˵߰ɣǻؼҡ
ᡣ
׿Ʋͷתߡ
ûȥ
̫Σˡ

лҪ˵
СͣС˼ƣbushi

Сͣһû飬̾ô
̣Ӳô


107 

׵̬תĺܿ죬 Լʱ˶ӻСĽӴеȻ⣬඼
⼸飬 ׸Ҳϵʱ棬ദʱЩ ÷ûһʼľȾн
죬ң ׹ڲ輸ԣĵ̺ǰǿĵĵԡ
 Ժɫ֯䣬ʽ򵥵Ķ̿㡣
תͷˣ
ɫӻ׹Ŷ΢ζ
ֱӻ˼ϡ
š
Ь 򷽰ף ʲô
ֻڼôţ أд׼Ҹ
һ٣Ǯˣһſ
Ȼ Ǯ¡
ſ׾ûж˵Ǯء
̫ˣ ҵ˵
˵ģ ⡣
ϵı΢䣬 ζӳ¡
ŷףںС
д˼Լһ ʼûҪĵĵط
ʱ ̡
֪ʱڷ󣬷΢΢
Ӽ룬̹ȻԲ𡣡
ǸͻȻãգۡ
һֱûпǹĸܣ˽İߡѸղ˵˳˵ĵʱ򣬼ʶһֱ˷ס
ʡʱæ꣬ȥк𣿡
ΪǸǷû뵽ģüͣҲЩȥĵطȥˣ֮ǰ˵ҪȥУҲΪӭԼõġ
֪ôô룬ϣ㲻ҪΪ£û̫ϵ˵
Ҫ˵еϵĻܾ̫ŬˣԵҺУЦ˵ҪҸʱԭ
˻ŬţԱһ̫ˡ
Ǹüۻɫæ㡣
áתͷ˱صĵûɿ꣬һֱˢ£ϰͲˣæģùңֲСҪ㡣
ȻӻԶʮˡ
Ťͷֻ˵˾ͺα
һȻҲϣαȫҲϹ
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̧ǰƽ˵˵ġ
תͷĬô˵˵Ļ
̫ˡ
ֳڵ棬򷽰ףǼڷ׵ζ
е̡
óЩȣ輸Ҫܿһࡣ
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׽Ӳţţ
۸˻ٴνе̡
ף
ôɸˣ
ͷ£ȥ
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ЦûС
ײţǳˣǾǡѹ
´š
ڷŲʱֱˡ
Ҫ˵Ļ׾˵ʵ㲻øԼ̫ѹѧûҵأѾͬ˺ܶˣʵһǿԵġ
𷽰׵֣˵ûѹҾн㡣
ף
׿ˣ
÷ʱǰ㣬ڷһǡ
ۺ󿴵㶵ı飬Ц˵ȥϴˡ
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ʮӺ󣬼ԡҳžͿ˫ֱվڼ⡣
˶ӣ׶Լ˵е˵
ûӦ۲·ףټࡣ
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֪š
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תͷûиʱֻëͷ㲻ᣬеڣΪʱ¡
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Ժҡ׺ֱ׵˵Ҫ
Ĳ֪࣬Ҫ˵£ȴû뷽׻ô˵
ȫǰŷʢͣһ˺ܾõ˵㲻ܳԡ
׵͹ջ󣬸߹˼
ðŷף˵ǰ¡
šüż
ܺĵʾףĳ£Ҫҡ
ںܻµʵԣ½Լ
֮ǰС˼
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覴õŴǰȻڼϴʱõĴǶЩʲôˣտʼǵúô˵־룬ֻ뵽˵Ǽ仰
ƵϡͿģʶ˵ƨ
촽
л죬ͷЦ
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ĬĬҲ֪Ϊʲô˵ˣԼʻ˵ţˣһء
üβʲô
𣿡
ǸͲˣиõĹߡ˵ʱ̧ǰ
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ûװѵʹ졣
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˶ͷɥš
һ۵ģ
żһξüϷ츳

ûţǵȵ˷˯ѡ
Էʱ򣬼ʣ̼ȥԣ
ףŵ㡣
˵㡣
ּ̧ôͻȻȥ˾ˣԭڵ
𣿡ʡ
ţ˳·
Һû˵Ҫȥĸ˾ԡ״
ֽ´治ɫȥĶ˳·
ײ˵ˡ
ͷ׵˾󣬷׾뿪ˣȻпܻؼң˷Ѽһʱ䣬׶ⲻȥ
ԵĹܼ򵥣Բһͽˡ
ӹ˾ӵһ绰
½õġ
ָͨ½ܡ
С㣬ʱ𣿡½õѵ
³׽½룿
½õҪ㡣
ֻͲµˡ˭£Բ𣿡
½õƱ׶Ц£ָ˷Ϥ˵ԡ
ǸղҵЩǺܶࣿײ˾䣬ʣص㡣
½õ˵ֱ·
绰ʹ˶ˡ
תߣ·ͣɫ·
峵ʲô
ŰŸ߸ЬȥŴݡ
ڷ׻һ͵ʱԶˡ
Ż򿪣ﾰ󱻷С
ɨۼʻλϵ½õĿⲻں
һλŭ˿βںڷ䣬ƣͦεԵúо
ŷףһԲࡣ
ڸ
½õ䵱˾ˣӦֻм⹫ˡ
Ҳ½ĵĸף½
׸ղŵĲһ
˵һȴҪʩѹӲһо顣
۶Էûɿڵļ󣬷ЦЦ˵Ǹϴˡ
˵꣬׳¥ǰͽкõĳȥ
ûһ



108 

ŷ׵ת뿪 ķΧ졣
½ʢ˶ݵͣżߵһԵˣüͷţ ϵıͬɫϣʮ־ʡ
ʻλϵ½õҲû뵽׻ô 㵹ں˿ĽǶ۵Ц ϲЦ⣬һŵ½³ģ
ã½ۺ󿿣 ϲŭ߰ɡ
½õ˾ãɨԶѾ˵ĳͬ뿪
һСʱ 
ˣ ʣʲô£
ϳûһ յ½õϢԼ档
½õÿμΪʲôڿ ׿뵽ϴڿ棬ĵĲǺ졣
ʵԾܾģ 뵽ĵйؼ ˡ
µҪ½ ߵ˳ߡ
½õЦЩαװģŷĵļʣ ɤ˵һֱΪԸֻĵű۸ ϴһ뿪УȻеĿ࿴һôΪģǽ죬Ҷ˸Ĺۡ
ڸݵľǷװɣ
ǳ˼ڶˣò˵Һ½õǰıȣһڣ˵һǵһμүֱ飬
׶Ƭ̣ܿģ
½õüţЦⲻȻԽԱ飬Խˡ
׿Ц˵ô˵ˣ˵ȥ
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ͷãǰȥɳҡ
ɳ
ڽ䣬ۿһأȫȻûƽ
֪ʲôķſֱۣ
ĳһֲߵǰɷ
ӳļ״΢΢üǳΪü첻ס
һèܺãһֻҲܺúɣ
͸ˮ̣ȥʳ
׻ڶèߵ£һˮȻι˷ߡ
ʶȥԣˮ˲䣬ֽ̧ӹӣԼ
ûоܾá
ӷ׻
Ƶǰŷ׳ˮ˵ιһڡ
׽ë㡭ȥһ
ңĻŷ׵β𣬾Ԥϵ׻ô˵
Ķһ١
Сѵü΢΢ţҲίίġ
Ľ£ŲӵֲУҪʲô
˲䵭£ûһۣŷ׵Ĳ˵̾Լĸˮιĸ
׶һ£װ˼ЦʣҾͲǸˣ
ܣֱԣҳԲˡ

ֻܳˮ
װѲӲУ˿ˮιߡ
ûײˮĶж⣬ǰĲݮʣ̾Լݮ
ſŨ£ϵˮǷۺĲݮ
ҡ
ֻһڣĻ˵ҲôΪ
΢ţҧŲݮ⣬ûȥӡ
ݮ⣬մڴϵУ۾һֱŷף뷽׶š
ȴڼʱƿߡ
ĵģҲЩĵ˵ĵȴľٶÿһڹˣɢ
״ԥز˿ˮŽ
ҧ£ˮڿбɲɣ׳ԵҲǿݮ
׸Ųݮʱ𣺡ݮ̲̫ᣬ̡
ɨ
Цϴγ̣ģ𡣡
ȿȡ
ײСıǺˡ
ͷҲأŵ輸򷽰ĴΪ˳ű
ײǱʳǺǱĻ
˵ĳָǡϴ촽ʲôҲûͿˣ
ͣ£׼˵ˣѾӷױϳߡ
˳·ת˷ϣָ״ǣʣ¼ˣ
ˮ΢֧۾⿴ö
ֻһʶ׿ǿˣ׵ĲԾҲǴǸʱʼġ
ס۵׻ֲȻ
ѷ׵ķӦɣ̲ҪЩֻҵ±̫ãҵߵĵط
ҰǱߵļ¼ɾǲ㿴
Ƥϣǿˣͬ뷨ü֪
Ҳ˵ΪʲôֱĿڶŵǿ鶫ʧ֪ˡ
׶ߵ鷢õ˶˵ţ

ѱײСķֵ£ڳɸ׵ʩѹ
˽ⷽףԷȻΪЩȥ߰£֮ܵǷԼ
ҲϣΪЩ÷׶Ĺۡ
ΪȽ͹ȥҪס
ʱԺ£׶żЦûʲô˯һˡ
Ц£Ǿͺá
漴ջ֣¶ˮ̣𣿡
װѲӷŽУԲˡ
û
ǳһ顣˵ѡԼˮûѡҵġ
׵ͷ룬ʶˮ󣬷˵û㡣
ҲûԼˮϣѡһ
׳ɺ󣬲˿ϷŽ
ƻĺ죬
ŷ׵ڷ΢˸ǣ԰̡
ŷ˵ʱһ¡

лҪ˵
Сռǣ
ʵ̸ϣˮֶ࡫
ʣСʲôˮأ


112 

Ǻܵ ѵˮ㣬ͣȴƽˮ淺
׾׽Ķ仺 δˮ١
ŷѾߣӷùӣ ˿ݮС
ҧݮ˲䣬ŷ׵˵𡣡
ǰһ뻹Ĳݮ ʱȴü䣬ָ׾װ ֪ôװ
ײˡ
һһֱͣϵ˶ӡ
߽㣬ż˫ۣ׺Ȼ㱡
֮ǰ  ˵Į룬 оɪҲ֪ʲôʱûٳֹ
ʱﺬŵǳȵ⣬ Էʱתۡ
ϵ֭ˮ˳£̫ˣ ʱ ĿڴĶɶļ ЩĿĶ˳ŷ϶ļ䡣
ӿ紺Ϫˮ
תͷʱ ΪҪǰСȻǡԼ𲻵һã ģǽ
ҲôΪġ
˶˼룬ۣеЦ֮ģƽµˮ̶Բע⣬ͻᱻɡ
۵ӡ˶Էģʱ˵Ķ̣
׺ǳǳ΢˫ۣССĺȶХⷭӿ·һҪĿڴĶ
״
жϡ
ʱֻ˹
򷽰ף׼ҪϷʱٿվ
һա
ȫ̵ͷ֪㡱ʲô󷽰ײŻͷ
ʱΣСڳˮû׵˲һһΡ
ڲص̫ãû쳣
ȻвԭǷһţϾ˼ġ
˵Ϣ
ɫ΢΢˵

ϰЩ죬ǼȥĹ˾
ǰ˾·ϣʱʱļ䣬񾲡
쳵İֻгһһسš
Ϊϳûþ˯˹ȥ
Ƴ۱Ϣ˺󣬽СЩ
ȴ˷ס
ƿ΢صƤۼ˵Ҳû¶
ŷ۵׵ɫʣʲôȥˣ
㡣˯ʣСİѿڶ˵˲ѣĿǰû
²Ըˣβظһ飬ң
ץͷԲ˵ҪԺÿ춼ϰ࣬÷𣿡
̵ơ
ͷŷףǵסЦ⡣
ױӡ
̵𣬼ջߣأᡣ
˵ƮƮ˵˾䣺Һ޲ÿһ𡣡

ֱ̫ˣֱ÷һʱ֪ôӻ
Ĭ˼󣬷˵
͸պã־㡣ԶСʱ·̡
㿴һŤת⣬㻹ӷˡ
ЦЦ㡣
ܵж֤
׵ãǰ뿪˾
Ĺ
ǹҵ˽¡˵
ŷ̵һƵʣҪȥʲô
Ҳܵػ˾䣺˸¡
˸ʲô
Ǽ룬Ƿ˫ŵЦüֻ뵽Ҫȥһܿĵ¡
һܿĵ
ȻֻǼĲ²⡣

ͣڷ׹˾¥£׽⿪ȫ㿪עⰲȫ
û˻Ӧ
ŤͷȥֻüƲţһ˼
С׽е
򷽰ףĨЦţټ
ü
û̫עⷽ׵Ļ³˼С
һֱ˹˾Ҳû׷˵Ļ
Ԭվڰ칫ǰ˵½ǱѾǺüĿȻ£һֱȥºܿûй˾Ǻˡǵȵ½ϵĺͬ½ϲĿ
Ԭ˵һͣǰü˼ˣ´
ڵ飬Ͼ½ͼ֮䷢ʲôлȨԹߡ
Ϊʲôֲ£ԬҲ֪һ
ԬŰοʱλϵ˳е㡣
ԬСӦš
ô˸ָʲô
Ԭ涼ѾߵİοȻͣԾɵؿλϵˡ
һ˼ǵӣ⣿
ڲϰʱ𣿣
ðɣϰҲ˵ʲô
ټϰʱġ
Ԭ۾ֻһüģֻС
йطС𣿡Ԭʡ
£ͷš
벻ģԬͷ£ֻܴԬҵ
ԬԺйһ⣬Է˸£ָǶʲô޷ǾǼͥҵ⣬ϴβ˵С˸𣿼֪£ôų˼ͥҵ⣬ԷСҪġ
Ԭ汾ŵ㵽Ϊֵֹеࡣ
Ԭٴ۾˵СͣҸ
ۼӺɫһ³ԬʶȤ
ͦͦһͬø㣬ȳȥһ¡
ȵԬ˰칫ң󿿣óֻ㿪׵ͷ
ҲҰĵֻһ£·Ϊ˶Լ˼ٰŮѡ
ܹѪ
ãûи׷Ϣ
ЩԬĲ룬Ϊһ˿紵ݶȥ¼ɷףֻɲõӰ졣
ֻܵϻؼˡ
Ҳֻôʱ䡣
Ԭ˵ȥúͬ˽Сʱűɫÿ칫ҵš
ȰѺͬŵϣԬһ˵ղ˸Ҵ绰ҪԣѾˣڰ칫ţ㿴ʲôʱ򷽱㣿
̧
е죬Ԭɼ˽УԹԴ˵ֱӴǰ
ٳٲڣԬ˵òҪ˵̫ãȥ
ͷúʾƸá
ҪǷڱϣֱ⣬Ԭ桭ѡ⻹Ԭ档
֪⣬ԬûҪ˼ϸĨζ˵ϰ壬Ȼ
ȵԬ˰칫ңһº򿪺ͬ
𣬼Ҫ֣ͷҲ̧˵
ſ΢ĽŲУһҲˡ
̧ͷ˺󣬼סˡ
׺ı飬ü䣬Ц˵ãҽзףԵġ
½̸ʱ׾㣬뷨ǺǿңȵϻطڴϺ󣬱ۣͷð
ֱ⣬ﶼǹΪʲôСһأ
˯ԭȷʵΪڳϣѿڶ˼֡
׵ĳ֣Լ˵̫ϲ̫ȣıֻһ˲ָ̬ܿ
Ƶȴ¶ʵ뷨
ߵǰʣôˣ
ǹЦ΢΢ͷʣF.J.𣿡



113 

׵Ļͬһ˫ε֣ ÿֶײŪࡣ
ͣڷϵ˲תᣬF.J.
ѽᣬFˡ
Fˣ Jٹ¾ս
һţ¶
 ĲǱж
׻°칫ҵĻɾ࣬ 칫Ҳûһң˱ҪƷ⣬ֻһèڼ βţͦɰ
ջߣcuẹǲǸˣ
˵ţִӱó ŵֽſݸ СԹ٣ ҵļ㿴һ¡
Ŀڷͣ˼룬 ˳ŷ׵˼̿ôʽ
Ȼˡӹļ ˫ٴα ˵ ҸԬС绰ȥԵģ˭ֱ֪ӰҴǰˡ
ҪûԬ棬 пһ֪µˣ
ҲǣϷʵ֮ÿϰ࣬ бԵǾڲʲôֻǵʱû֡
΢΢̧𣬡㲻Ҫԡ
׾֪ô˵У㰴
ܾ̿߸ʽеĲУʽעء
ۼ¶Ͽңʮϵصͷоʵڿֽϵһա
ղŽӹֽʱоҲƬϾ׵ļ͸ˡ⻹ǵһο׵֤գǺܱ׼֣ٶЦ㣬Ψһǡ׵ġ
׻ʲô
⣬üۼֳȴĶ棬Ͽûüͷ÷˿š
ʵ׾ᵽҹû˯˿F.J.⣬ǵļܾϾԵô߲һӡ
˷ǹɲ֪ĸðԱվ˼ǰ
ʱվţһľ÷ؿĽëеǷ˼ǣܿ塣
Ƥ״̬ܺãֻǿžָܿУһ
ʲô

Իŵջߣż𣿡
ƬٺÿҲֲǰ׵ֽϣš
ʲô𣿡
һ
żһ˿ӣײɸ΢΢ֱʣʲô
׿һ˿յʵϲ𣿡
ô棬ʵôһҲߣ
һ£ʣйϵ𣿡
ǹЦϵ󣬵Ҫ
Ŀͣ˼룬ǵЦתߡ
һԣޱ飬û
׼ߵſڣһߵǰƤԻûأҪȥģ
ΣԬС㡣
ȷûǰ뿪æ
Ҿ㰢ȥǱԣȨһ١ ˵̲شǸ⣬һһ
򴽣㡣
á
ش֮죬ǲܷ˵ʲôȴӦȶסס
Ƥһ£ֲ̫õԤС
δЦʣ̾ô˸ʱʲô
ţ
ⲻ˵Ļ
ּΪʲô⣬׻ʵش𣺡˵ľ
кܴ룬ûи״绰
׵ĵüΪᡱݴǳʧڵˡ
ҲȲˡ
β𣬼ʣأ
ɻ󣺡ʲô
̲֪ŷף۵ײռҸ̡߰
ŷ֪ʱ׶ĺ
㡭
δ˵ڵĻס
˷ס
֪ǲǱ׵ĴˣԻ˷ӦȥƼӹָ򣬻ûͱץס
׺޵ֿģֱֻ䡣
á
һμǰ뿪ôݣĥҧŷ׵Ĵ
ʹϾͬѲӵҪ򴽾ܾǣɼûиһ˿ᣬǱסԵ븹
϶еڿڱ֮䣬ӶΧĿؿڱƣ̲סſҪȡʿ
øҪԳǳص˻ᣬ׻δüһ룬Ĵ˽ס˿׵أʪȵͷ̽ѰųÿһطӶţһʪȾһ
ǿӲçײĵŷףôǡ
׵߱Ϣһˣɾ
ĿڶŵĶ֪ʱһһŵ׹ĺˮһȦһȦײŷ׵ģҵմȾĵطȫ
ʼֿķ Ĵ£š
ܵûŮഺһʵ֣ǵøңƺֻܱĵĳȡ
Ľţŵ۽ͬĻ꣬żţǰץŵ󣬴ʱһһ½ڼĺ󾱣ϸĸ첲ڼϣ§š
һֻĦڷױһֻڷ䣬ĻУҪ壬ռס
֪˶ãڷױǵͷ裬оʱƵ̡
Ѿȱ޷˼ķףҪѡ
ټٴҪʱͷԻָ˿ֵڼ˿ᣬ
ҪǱ˿ˡǼҪˡ
Щ׵ĴϷžӨǽʱµĽҺ
𷽰գͷϷױĴŪǰ̶һ
ʵϼסţͻȻǡ
׻˵ЩʲôȴһκסĴ
ǻҵ˼ƻţ׹˲ģעܿ챻ߡ
һΣûʱʱŷ׵ͷҧŷ׵Ĵôǣڳͷй
ױǵȷ
Щվס
ˣûɿףֻ§ŷ칫
ױۣУɼȥκεط
ȵӣ֧󣬼ͣˡ
Ƥƿ˫ˮ뵵ؿżѯʼôˡ
·ǣڷ׶ߣС˵ȥ
šǷ״ӱǼ䷢ģģġ
ȵ˳żĻ칫ϣߵֱһһǣǰ㣬뷽ŵϥǽһ
ױ̶ϣԱߵèڼһϡ
ͷŷ糺գ̲סһǰԸеĴ
ôһ
ֻ񫵽޳ԡ
ʼʱǣģǲɶõᡣ
ŷ׵һƺߣǿƣȡţӶš
һǽɿףͷס׵Ķĥڷ׶ߵ૵Ǹ¡
ԴΣû˵ʲôһַļ°͵ֱϣ΢Ŵ



114 

û˼ ׺ƽȣͷ֮ѡ
ʶոշʲô װҧšü ָţһʱ֪ô
̫ˣ ׻δɥʧǵ顣
Ȼһ
֮ǰҲ׹θͬô ǡˡ
ؼǣûж㣬Ӧˣڼ
Ǽܺá
Ϊʲô
ⶼ
Ҳ֪
ͻȻģ 뵽ʲô ͷԳѣ Ҳ
΢е۾ٿȻ۵ײһƬθǡ
칫ﰲĿ¡
һָŷ׵ı һַ棬Աߵλá
ڸ׻ʱ䡣
ߵĺûôٺ  ̡
¾ף ΢Ҳ˰칫ҵİ ͬĳء
ֱڼϵѸٳߣ ¼ûֻ֮ľûôܡ
ССķ϶䣬׽żأ뿪˰칫
׵ΪУȫ̼ɫûΪƿҡ
׵ķӦԤ֮С
׻û뵽ƽ·µ˵Խ˰ɣˡ
˭뵽F.J.ϰôԱġ
Է˵һܻĵԡ
ֳסӣ˵̵һҿͬһߡ
ʱŷ׶뿪Լѡ
ûзǰǿӲַˣҪ巽׵һ
׵ͷű䣬һ£̧첲ӿ˼˵æԼܻؼҡ
û׵Ļ͹䵭̬Ȱˣٴֻ֣ûȥ䣬ǰ﷽׸ƽ·ϵޡ
ָ·ϻ֣˵̲Ӧûú̸һ̸𣿡
ָ޼ƽִżļΣɱָ⻮ĵطԵĻС
ʹҲ
˵ĸо
װ·̫
˵Ĵ˷ģȷʵú̸һ̸ˣͣټ룬׵ͷãҵ㡣
Ӻ󣬷ǽߵɳɳȥݸУƽʱһ῿һ߿ôô˿̷İڵȴԵְߡ
칫ҿտյΨһܶſֲֻ׶ſ˻߲Ծ𴦣Ѱµ
ܿģ׿칫һˡ
׾ûôݴʣϾǰϽӹǣӻе죬ܴܲţĵع
ʱı̫࣬ղŻȵڻһ
ȫͬˡ
üڸĺǼӦԼ
Ϊʲô鲻ԽػӦǣݵҲƽʱ
ЩףǸ۵ˣҧʱȴһоûУ΢΢򴽾͸оʹ
״Ӱó˿ں죬ŷ۵ԴСӣΪɫ
ڸһ¡
ڷͿں׼ʱ˼׼ȷ˵ǼĴû
ûסʱ
ż˫Ц⣬֪һǱ͵ˡ
ȻһôЩң
ûб⣬ʣҪͿں𣿡
ڼȡ׸ǻӦǣ⵼¼ȫʲô
ҲˣҪջؿں죬Ѿ˹ͣǰ
ͷԷ˵̰ҡ
˵ֳ׿˼֡
ζмġ
ŵÿһζż䣬ƽʱ󲻵ֻҪһŵζǰḡֳרζض档
Ҫ˵ǲž顣
żĿᵽڼĨ㣬ץֲŵĳԺ
ȶҵļ󣬷ֻתע⣬ѿں˵нˣù㻹ԼͿ
ЦЦ̫׾
ЦԽԽ
ǰȻ˲ӰûȷӦŲɫĵĴٴαס
һǺǣǰֽīȾɫ
ܿǣֱʱЦûпں졣
ֻ
˵ż򴽣ӡڴһɫο
żԷζһգۣʲôûС
ֻԶİ칫ʣˣ
šù׵İ߰ɡ
˵Ҫһú̸̸ΪǿʲôΪžĵط
ûС
ǿ׵˳УСЩ߲˺һѼȱƷȻִŷȥ˼èſؼҡ
Һ󣬼Ķᵽһãŵ档
׻Ь״߹ȥæ
濴ƽʲôʱҪ̸˵ڣ
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ֻʣһƷûóȥãûעҲ֡
ģ˵һ
ʶ֣ɼһס
ϴһ¡
׵ֱϴ̧ͬʱѴƷóŵ档
һн󣬼ſŵˣƽʣ˵¾͵û
۽޶ô˵š
װ׵Ĭϣڰ̻ش֮ǰʼ⣿
⣿
Ĳ˲ʡ
Ƥ΢ƣûʲô飬ʣΪʲô˰֮󣬰̻ôƽĸദҹ䳬Сڶ
ɿ֣ûɿףס׵֣ʮָۡ
֣㶼ûҪ˦
˳żĻ˽յ֣Ҫ֣ץŲš
أ־ٵǰյĺɣô֣
һ˸տʼסҪ⣬ȷʵû
żĻҪջ֣˳ľͳ˳
Ϊ׶һ½͵ϰˡ
һϰߣش˼е⡣
ϰ߻ǽܣ
׷ʡ
´һ
񶨣һ
׻𰸵Ļᣬϰҵɺӣ㣬ν̬ȣղ˵ģʲôû֮ǵĹϵͬһ
򷽰ףΪ׷ţϰ߲ͬǣҵİûκεִ;ܾ֪ѾСҲ֪Һ֮ǰϲ㣬£еֻǺߺ죬Ϊ㡭
ǳ貣Ҽᶨϲҡ
ŵģǱˣǷס
׿ʼ׾ûоܾеֻһЩģĻش
˵ĬûȷľܾǿԽܵ
״Ȳ߬żҳһš
򷽰ףˮӳŷ׵Ӱ÷޴Ρ
Ҫˣֱ۱ץס
¶һĨǳЦŷ˵̣Ӳġ



115 

Ȼ˵Ҫ̸һ̸ ׾ûҪӣ֪Ҳûá
֮Ժˣôľ룬 еĻҡ
ϰߺͽĲͬ
˵ʱֱӿ֮εϣվڷǰţ ÷޷Ŀ顣
ϰߣ򷴸ӴӦ
ܣ ܲɡ
ʵĽһôҲͲͬǱһ£ɴʱڷϣ Ҳʲ
ǲǱŪˣǡ׻һ
ϰмȻȻģԼ뷨֪ ֻһ£ ѼǷϲУ 룬Ϊʲôܹ׵Ľܣ
©һġ
֪İ˻ һһ£Խӿسˢŷ׵ġ
ԡ
ϲ
Ҫϣ ޷ͽʱĲɼϣ ʲô ǲġ
ϲǲģһҲ
Ǳʶˡ˭Ůѡ
ľѩᡣ
ؿһʹ
˵ҪСľع ع飬ڡȴһݡ
֣ ׿ӣɫģ̹ȻСľأ
ɱˣ׻⣬Ǹľѩᣬǹ䡣
Ǿ˵ϲҲ޷÷׌ԼЭˡ
ᣬ˵Ļȴü¶Ƚ㡣
Ũ£İ̾Ȼˡ
üˣÿؼʱ򣬷׶ľѩᣬÿһʣֶϡ
֪ŷ׵ıֻ˵Ļ޴֡
¶ϻԵ΢Цȴ֪ǵĻжཀྵӲѩôˣڲ˵ǵ𣿡
żⲻ˼˿侲
ľѩᣬΪҪԌݸ顣
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˭֪ÿ䷽һ
״أż뿪ǰûԶֻߵӱߡ

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ɨֻĻһ۾Ϳ˱ע
Ȼı鿪ʼ߽⣬Щ޴ؿżʣΪʲôҪСľ绰
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绰Ҳʱ򱻽ͨˡ
㿪š
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б۷ףɻУֻ˵Ҹ׸ˡ
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𾪵˼롣
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ţи㡣
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סĴڿ׵ĻźĨȡ
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á
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ʵȷʵίϲϲȫҹԷġ
ľѩǱĬĬȻСĵʣԱ𣿡
װ֣š˵ɡ
ľѩû룬˵ʵ
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ľѩЦô˵Ҫйط̵Ǿ佲·
˵ᡣ
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ߵľѩߣڸ˭ͨ绰һЦˣ󰮵Ļһð˳ՌֻʣŲҸ߷̣
յĳֱľѩĻش˵⡣
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ȻؿżСʣСôСľǣ
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ô룿
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ŵؿ
š
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Ȼ֪ΪʲôСľ绰
΢˵˰̻𣿡
÷׶
һֱ飬һͨ绰򵥽
֪ת̫죬̬ûüѩȻûлش𣬵밢Ӧףûϲҡ
ףš
Ųţ򷽰ףҲǰѩᵱѣû
ײƽ޹˵ľѩϲôһ֪Щʲô
Ӧģһš
ǰᶨ˵Ҫ侲ˣ˿ΪΨһ谭ɢ挝ĲƣеĽıңһʱʧܻӦѾ
˫𷽰׵ĴָڷǴĦһȦһȦ
ڼ˫֧£΢ͷÿȣβ΢죬ˮǰˡ
錝ţղģ˭ûг
֪˶ãܷΧͬˮܣǻĹš
ͬҲߴţţš
ס󣬷׻ۣڰ˼ߣȴûиϼĸ顣
ۣʵظܵ
Ķָ£ڰǰڼһܵǡ



116 

ϰͬסһܵĺô Խ̵֪ܸıϰľ
ʼҪװŸְλȻǰڷ׹Χ֮ڵģ ǸͶʺ֣ڷ̻ ǼȨı˽
׾ܾˡ
ΪԹ˾ҵ񻹲Ϥȴӻ סְλʲôģʵȥ
ڷ׵Ҫ£F.J.һͨԱ ΨһͨǣԷ׵Ĺʣʱ빫˾ֱӾӼҰ칫
ʼļ죬 ÿ춼żĳȥ˾ ΪϤڵǸųһʵϰ ˣ˿ʱ棬 ʱ䶼ҵˡ

˷׵ļӭžƱ һ˵Ͼϰģ
ӭ쵽ϵĵһ£ Լ׳Ⱦơ
һһɣ £ڰ̨ǰƳġ
ŶƵֻкӭһˣ ׵ǹ֭
ӭĻ״ƿ
˵ ӭֵ㻹һϳǣҲܸ㰲ְλ㶨
ĹһӭֲΪǮ
ӭ˿ھƣüβţΪʲô
ûзϣͷ
ӭһȻ˵ı顣
ӷ׸뿪ϳϵôһ죬˵磬絽֪ôһ
˫Ƚӭżţ򷽰׵һˣ
ӭԭΪõ϶ش𣬱Ͼ̫еˣϲĻߣȴ鲻Եܺ˹֭

ӭˡ
׸ôûһ𣿶ҷ⸱ѻô£ѵʧˣ
Ӧð
ӭͷʣµľһкԱʱ򷽰ףʲô
ֺ档
ӭС˵ú˵ǹϵúܶడôˣ
׿ӭѯʡ
ӭ˲俴񣬿ͣǲǹǣ棬ʵ½õ
ջߣҡͷ˵ûгܡ
ֻǲ֪ôشӭ⡣
磬̬ûȫת䣬ȴʶԼѾ˼󣬷ױ΢ŤػҡҲûһͻ˹˾
˶æŸԵ飬ΨһĽҲйعġ
ദʽ֮ǰڷ׻֪ϲʱ״̬
ô˵أ˵һʵûСǱ׹˭û̸췢£ûϵ
ƭ˭أ⸱ӣһҲû·
´ָ˳űĦ˵𣿡
ӭüָʲô
ûٱ׶侲ʱ˺ܶ࣬ûܹںӭˣ׺ܿģʱһ磽µĺҪ
˵һ⣺ССҡ
㻹ûشңһû׻û˵꣬ͱӭϡ
׶£ҡͷ
佹ǸPӭֱˬŷ׼򣬡ᣬ¸Ұ

ӭջ֣Ʊһ⻹ûһأЩеûģҪһ֮أˣ
׿ۺӭ㲻һǻһġ
ô룬һ˼Ҳأ˵ģ˼һᣬƯǮе׷
ӭŷףЦ㲻ʱرǴ޹еС𣿻ûأͿʼԺദϲϵʲʺϡ
Ϊδֻ꣬ΪĻϲ
գۣ𣿡
˵ģ㻹ˣ
׿ֻϢϢ󣬷ЦŶԺӭ˵Ҿ˵ͦԵġ
ӭϵЦֱӰĵɨѹ
ǿ͸ˣײʧˣǻŮ黳Ȼݷʮĳ˲̫ʣ˭÷ǵһζأ
˰ӭʣҪʲô
ȥﰡ׿ЦԺӭ˵ˣȡ
ǣ߰Һȵ㣿
׿Զˣӭ㡣

ײǲӭȣǼϢò뿪
[ҡ]
F.J.۲ͣΪӭûȥ
ΪϰļòȥӦǺˡ
Ϊ֪ţ֮ǰʼ˾۲͵ķǰóֻ뿴Ļظ
ûȷ״ֻͿӷ˳
׼״⿪ȫ³
ףǰĽŲͣվԭأŷס
Ϊڷʱ˵˾䣺[һ͵ҡ]
ߵǰûڣͱһѱס
ҵȵˡ˵
δӵһºϼķߡ
ˣôȥ㣿
ŷ׵ļ򣬺̫ˣֻţ
ףǸ·϶˻
ţԭ㡣
Ѽϸݣصʱ׵ֻˡ
ϢǸʵϰ
ʵϰǸֵˣܻ죬ÿμ涼˵š
ʵϰҲΪͷ׶ģÿη׻Ӧʲô˵
[׽㣡ôûۻ᣿㶼֪ʲô]
׿ۼϢţûſ
أ[ʲô]
ʵϰ[û뵽Ҹ˾ܼ֤ԣ]
Ϣ׵һӦǹԡԹ˾ԼûӰ졣
һ룬ʵϰͼƬ
׿סˡ
˾ûʲôϵǸйء
ƬǸĵģЩģһ۾ܿ˭
һŰɫһǳɫӣ۵poloȹӰ£ůɫƹԣ䣬ӵţ
Ƭһ͵ĵģͼķΧȻĺÿ
ʶ˱档
ʵϰ[׽㣬㿴Ǹ·ǼܣǸ·˭]
ҡ׻ش
ƬǸղͼӵʱĵġ
⣬ȥƬǸǶȣֱڵţʲôҲ
ģʣ[Ƭĵģ]
ʵϰ[ңȺﱣġ]
ȺҲУ
ײ⣺[ΪʲôҪļܣ]
ʵϰ[صˡ]
ʵϰ[ܼ˾ƣͬҪͼܼؼңǱܼܾˣΪʲô]
Ϊˡٴλش
ֻһ˷ע⡣
ʵϰ[ܼ˵Ůѻ]
˵Ůʱ򣬱ֵպȻ;ˡ
һž
вӹ˾͸żԱæԸ䣬СһֱΪҵѡ֣ϢľŮѣ
ڼǰ¥Ǽ˾ȥ档
Ϊ¥̫ߣľ̫࣬ƹ̫Ǹ塰Ůѡʲô
ֻܿܵıһ
ʵϰ[̫ϧˣûܼܿŮѳʲôƬӦòȼܼҲǸŮ]
ʵϰ[׽أ]
ˡף[ܰɡ]
ظʵϰ󣬷ûзֻǶǾ䡰ܼ˵Ůѻ
󣬷һԡ
ϵɱۣ֪ʲô
׿ż
ǡŮ



117 

ȥ·ûʲô һ·ͨ
Ӵ룬˷׶ߵķġ
޹ڷ磬 ׵ľûƽ
⼸
1.Ϊʲô׼
2.Լʲôʱı̬
3.ͼʲôϵ
ÿһд𰸣 ̲סȥ롣
˼ȥⲻ䣺
1.ַΧ£ ףҲˡ
Ϊʲô
һ˻ش
2.һʷǴʲôʱϲϵļ֪ϰߺͽܻһ ͨʷȴ֪ʲôʱġ
֪
ǼϳǶǼؾϺÿǣңеһһΡ
ô֪ܾ˼
3.ȻܾˣҪӦ
 ֻδ¡
һֱھУ Ҳû
·ڷԺϴˢ Ҳһ鲻䷳ؽЩ⡣
ظ˽ʲ
Сͣ
׽⿪ȫ תҪȥϵʱڼʱ 仺
Ĺ£ 䣬 ˼С
ײ뵽ʵϰϢ
Ǿ䡮ŮѡٴθֵԺ
׺ȻͷӦЩԭʲô
Ϊ
׼ȷ˵ Ϊ̬ȡ
÷Լ⣬ڸǼ̬Ļҡ
ӾǵõҪģ Ȼ˲ҪǹθڵġСŮ
ڿˡ
ھʲôϵʱѾŮѡ

ʹˣС˼
ⷢչǲе죿
ʱϵ˻ۣ뷽׶š
˯⣬һʲôʱѵģ
ͣʱ򡣡ش
ʣǸװ˯
Ϊ̲ңҪ͵ҡЩź˵
˽ⰲȫʲôû
ף
ͦࡣ

ֻ⣬˻ѣȫȲϳǵǴΡ
Ǽƺ˺ӡ󣬾㿴·ߵֱߣ׻ǾüҪ˲
Էһ·żصļҡ
ҲϷףѸ첲ԹԸױԣڷϡ
Ѽɳ˵ȥ屭ˮ
ŷ׵֣СƵģȡ
ϲģʣʲô
ˮС
á
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һֱ㷢Ϣ
΢˺ü
ҿһ¡
˵ŷװˮ˼ֻϢ
ż˲ޡ
ǻεʵϰϢΪҪ
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ûʲô״
粻ش
治ɫ˵ˮ̡
תͷۼһ
עֻشֻϡ
ûи׷ģ⻹ΧżŮš
׺ܺô˵ģҲ͸š
λɫеˣûɫһȥ
һεĻڽ׸ټ󣬲˼
ˮˮû½ʣˮ𣿡
Ҫˮ£һ̧֣ˡ

˿ˮˡ
ѹй죬׵ͷŶá
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˵ŮѽһؼңǲҲ֪ü΢
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㡣
׳֣ż˭ҪŮѣ㻹û
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ֻεںǣš˳
ͿںĶ㲻ţջԡ
㡭ʼͿںʲôɸ˵һ֣ĸ첲ק
ţͿ˿ںĴ˷׵ĸ첲ϡ
ĸ첲޵Ĵӡӣ۵·
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棬ûͿں죬𷽰һѩɾŴҧһڡ
ҧĲۣԷ˵Щ˵ɿԺʶɨݺģ
ײԾһš
ŷס
׵־ٵߣ˳һһţȫ̼뷽׶ţް
ʲôصʽ
ױţĪӿ죬Ҫߣɼз·ʲôһŲ۾
ǵԽϣںӡԽԽ
ڷΪҪʱͷ
ڼʱһ£ͷݼ䣬ë£Ƥ¡
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ǰҡ
ǶԷ˵Լ
ױǵòԾ̧棬мδĴתͷҪЪһûһͱѰס
Ҽ䣬ɿ˷ס
ˣ˿΢ңҲࡣ
ŷױǼ⣬̲ŮѣҪ˭ģ
·׵Ĵţ
㡭
ۿ΢죬ˮġ
ԾΪ仰ĥ
żգûû˵Ҫһ𡭡
ɷ׸ˣ׵ĻȻ
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ڷ˼ǣĳŮѰɡ
û˵ɿ־ûжġ
װ֣Ǽ䷢һ˲ʣҲŲɡ
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΢ʣ̲ҲҾܣ
ϣ⡣
ʱ׿첲Ŀںӡ
ôʲôǿں컹ûöء
һʱ֪Ӽ̫࣬ۿں졣
ѷ׷ڶϵߣ󽻽ĵطһǣ˵ר
ֻռжһ롣
һ룬˵ж
еֱŮϵģΧ仰˵
ΪȻЦá
ЦģɺųɤЩԸС
һϵжԻ׵ȶѾƽòˡ
ΪЦ̲סӿһ¡
СõײȻ뿪
׻ûжѾϣȻţûѹ̫ڷϣҲѷ׹ɳϣá
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ͣһ룬һ̧ͷʣʲô
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£˵ڼнҵȣȥѣƿͷͼǡHո̢ˢŢʢ̢ǢŢɢ
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ʱŮ˵Ĺ֮Աǡ
л⣬˫ַŷ׵ļƣǰҪҪڵķ
ĺûͷȥ뵽ղſģأͦõġ
šֵҪ𣿡
ηײٵɤҪжں𣿡
תƻ⣬ȥжױ
סҪ壬̲ҵӡϾһ𣿡
˵겻ȷ׻Ӧ𷽰׵ͷ֮ǰܰҸæ𣿡
ʲô
ץŷ׵ؿڣҧ׶ͬʱ׵ָŦϡ
ɤƣҽ⿪
Ŧģȵָ
ڷҪջʱĵૣ̣Ҫ㣬ҡ

лҪ˵
ףҪһҪҰ㣿Ҹ
ǲԡ


118 

żһ仰 ƽĺ紵㲨
׵ֻţҲǣ ҲѡֻܷץסСۣ˵ִࡣ
Ϊڷ׶˵Եʣ ˵Ĳʱһ𣬷ƤδµĦ£ 
ɤЩƣСȶˡ
˷ϣ˫ȼ࣬ ŷģ±ƿ
ü۵ţûֻ࣬ϡ
ôһ˵ֻģ
ĻǼ˵ ζ ǿ׹䣬 Ψһ֤۵ġ
񣬡Ȼˣ ȥ˯ɡ
ָ⻮׶䣬ң
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ײϵ ɤʣ˻Ҫ㣿
Ϊ˵£ܾζѾˣӦûֹͣò
ɲ롭
󣿡ɻظ˾䣬 ͦ岻زŷף ֪ˡ
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Ⱦƺļƽʱˣ
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ӻɫϡ
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ɫ䣬˵Ļ£Ҳһ㹴
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ױͷ̺Ķż
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͡
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ɻ󣬡Ϊʲô
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м塣

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׶ż·˻뵽ʲô˶첲Сͣһ£Ҹں졣
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ţ͸ˡ
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̣
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Сôʵǡ
Ҫҡ
ѾǲһԼ˵˼βҪÿһζܵγѪƵ˵
֪Ϊʲôôӡ׽Ū
û˵ǸСⶼԸˡ
ǽʲôһ䣬ָ߲ףߺţ
ɰְżԸɤ뷽׶УӦԵС



123 

գ ۿΪİĻЩ㱣תѺҹ ˹
ĴڹԺܺãܿй⣬ ʱ䡣
ϰԵҪȥͷֻˣ ⲻ䡣
̧ĸ첲ڰգ׿浭ɫǺۣԺиֳķ
һһΡ
ֻ̧¸첲 ɬͣ䡣
ѧʱ˰˰׻Ҫᡣ
׾Ҫڴɼܻ
ô룬׻׼ķ䣬ȥֻ ȥʰս
żֱۣ ֮ǰǰ㣬 Ųš
׸߹Լ ĳ 첲 ¡
ƺһ
ϸ΢ Ǿĳǳߵˡ
§ŷףͷ׾ѣ˯ѵɳƣ 硣
׶˼룺硣
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ÿһ麰У÷׶顣
ȴûбƷ׺Щֻһؾף׽гСʱڹؼʱͣϸţ÷׺ȫ
֪ԭ򣬺Ժ˲֪󣬺Ȼ룬УԼС
ûٶ
ʣˣ
ͷֻĵ㡣
׽ë˶Ҳ֪弸˯ģŽӽ˺ҹֻ˯Сʱ
ĵ㣬硣
ڽ첻ǹգûе
˵ּߡ
˵̷Ұ㰴
ע⵽˷׵Ĳԡ
Ҳ֪֣ײ˵
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Уˡ֪Щ۵
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û׵ģ˫ָëᰴѹµϸ
յĸոպãַȻЩ裬˼º
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װԺɫΪͷľͷģһˣͿ˺ɫͱҲǺɫġ
δŴƣţ̰⻬Ұ׽ںڳĴУϡ䱦ҹµĳ
ʱûж룬עⶼڰĦϡ
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ڼθ׷ëҪĦʱֱץס
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ոĵ绰
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Ӧȥ棬׶һڼʲôӡ
֪ʲôܲµȥģɻŮ˵Ŀķǣͷ·׵üǣҲȥ
һ٣ˣ
ǳЦȥ
ΪͶʷ鿪ĺһЩҪģȻ֮ǰԬ渺𣬵뵽Ǻܺõ㷽׵Ļᣬȥ
֮ǰ˵æһʱ㷽ףæڣûپܾɡ
ҪȥǷ׾û˹ǣüظպԼ
ʱ󣬷׶Լ˵ȥ죬ȻֱӴлغаɣ
ϴηï޴绰˵ȥھ⼸졣
ΪϾ½ļգҪȥݼ
֪Ϊ룬ţ̵ġ
ӣƵѯʣôҵģ
ż˵ڶΣ˭滹С
סСۣһǣͷൽ׷Ǽ˷׷˿˵ΪϺ㣬𡣡
׷׶䣬ϲ𣿡
ƽȴᣬڿ͹۵飬ڵ顣
һʱֲ壬־ǰ
ֱָţ׽ɰ״ǰ˼֡
׶ǰָϼͶߺ´˵ϲ

лҪ˵
Сͣġ


124 

з羰ж
ΪϷĵطƹ԰һ㣬 羰л֣û뵽ɽϡ
վھɽż׵ľƵſڣ Ųߣʤдеɽ ⡣
һֱĴ·ֱͨɽ壬ɽ˼Ȧ󲻼ͷ
СľϷǿȥ𣿡
ջߣ תߵˣ
˵ʵûɽ ֪վɽ¿ĸоʲô
㣬̫Ũ
ɡɡƫ򷽰ףڵɹ
ԡ
˵꣬ һ ľѩ˹ȻҪһȥ𣿡
׵ͷ ʣ첻𣿡
ǰϢ ʽġ
һ·ϣľѩ޾ϸ ն˽ĺЦʺգ ĵ٩ Сľľ𣿡
ձʺǼɬ㣬 ǰɡ
֪ʱľѩҿɹͲشС㡣
ƣľѩ˵仰 ˵üۼЦܵ𷽲һǰһ߳Ƶ꣬ûнʡ
Сìˣ
ȻɻСػҪΪϽˡ
Ļľѩ
ԱߣûҪ
˵ŻľѩᣬƵġ
ľѩῴۺպϷ׵ĸ첲գգ˵ĹǲǶڷ
׻δ˵վһ԰̸ļͻȻڣȥĳԷ
˾һĿģȥܱ߿ʲôԵġ
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ΪߵĲǼǷס
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ղ
˳극ڸת˻̫Ҫɽʱ׼ؾƵꡣ
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ױԵȰһǣ뵽Сʢгͻ˵һ黹ӹ̣ûȥܣкͽ⡣
׺ͼסͬһ䷿˾Ƶ꣬ڵݵ¥ʱɢΪ顣
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ڷҳ˯Ҫʱ·ĶȻһ١תͷɳϣ֧ڿϣԴˡ
޳˫Ƚβ͸©һ˿ģ˫挝ʱŵĿŷס
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һʶ˵ϴ
ȵ̧ͷߌһʱ˸еĬһ˲䱬
ȥϵĺۼ˺ܶ࣬ʱƣ׌ļԽ̡
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һ󣬷˻סŹ絽ߣֻ˵һ𡣡
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ע⵽׵ľȣ̲סЦЦϪ﷽׶У̷ĺ
İ۲죬ԡʲôĶ֪
׸첲յȲ࣬Ϊڡ
˵ʵһסƵ꣬Ȼȹ۲췿û߰ĶϤ
ǵ˼󣬾˿Ŷ㹻ȫУľĪ½ˡ
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˵⣬糱ӿþòͣ
ʣôң
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⿪ǰſӣַϷײָⲻС׶ϵӻ׹ӻҡҡΰΣ覵ģһʱҡε˼ϡ
ٴεͷϷ׵ĴƷӻ㡣
뿴۵Ļ꺬ߣš
Ǽ˶ãܽǾ÷׶顣
ڣѾ÷ǣȥƼĽë£ţš
΢գˮӦż
ܼӶỹǣ׵֪԰š
ɿ÷׳һź̲ס͵ԣôĶ֪ڼ԰У棬ֻڴ˯һ
˷Ҳǵã˯֮ǰҪϴ衣
Ҫ˲һΣûѼҪ
ˮ͸ϲ㱡ˮơ
ˮ£׵µĻݺʪ˳ȴס
Сʱ˭ûѩأĲ
ˮԡң͸ȾĥɰһʱƾճŲ޹ǵ֫֡
ӣҡ
ʮӺ󣬷ڴϡ
ۻ·ʱжüۣ˯»Ǽġ
ǱƵע⡣
֮󣬼ƵϣҵаĦ񣬰Ҫ𣿡
ҡͷ˵Ҫ
ְֽŵϣڷ׶ͷףЦһΣ
׵컹Ҫɽ
ᵽ߲·
г͵ġ
׼ҡͷǾûˡ
ʣҲû𣿡
һ죬һʣ㲻ȡ֣
ս
㡣ƽ˵ֻһҪ
׳Բָϼ˵Ե㡣
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˵ʲôʱ˲䱬졣
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Ҫؿ
˵ǣ
ǰ벻뿴Լ棿

лҪ˵
̣϶Ǻȱ𱧰̣Ȱϴbalabala
ʲôȥϴ裿


125 

ӣ ͷ˽ȥ
ӲأԵסĻȵߺŨϢ
Ļȴڶߣ룬 ԺȻֳ˸еĻ档
¾Ҳܲ˴̼
ͼ޴롣
ţһˣ һЦ̣
ץűһǣ ͬӵĸͷ㣬ҿ˱ӡ
ͷ£ɫң ߵҪֹȴѾ
ױƹ̵۾ͬʱֵǰ
ѱƵ׸׷׵ģ ôֶˣ
ķ ָ ˼°͡
ֻδüջأԲָⱻ΢Ĵס
ȵӦ˹ߣ ľǼӵݣָ۴ ˵ɬ
СɤЩơ
ָ ɴ˵ڡ
β΢죬 ż૵һΡ
üץŷһ·ǵǡ
̲ǻҪɽ𣿡
׷Ķӣ Ҳ뿴㡪
漸ַ˵ڡ
ЦԱ ֮ǰǿôߣ
ʶ˵ĴΣ׻ӦûС
Ǵֻûп
Ժٿ˵ϷԺ׵Ĵ׻ҪĻס
˫۹ס˼

תϣľѩΪԱҪױͬ뿪Ƶǰ飬뿪̫磬ûȥס
󷽰׺ͼ뿪Сʱ󣬲ڶɳɽ
Ϊʲôûͽ
˵ڡ
صһ˽ɽׯλٽɽĵطɽи˽ũҲɽׯ˵ġ
ڶɳʻĲ죬ɽʱÿ;羰
ŷ׵֣ţ󲿷ֶǷ˵
׼ɽˮȻһƬҶһ׶ܴиܵͬ⾳ǹ
ֻͬзһˡ
׿羰ʱڿס
ɽׯſڣйҪֻһɽߡ
Լã̸깤ȥҷס
ɽܴһͤȽֵǣһ߻˫ǧڰȫΧڵġ
ױǧȷûаȫ档
ǧǰζɽµľϡŶһ⡣
÷ײɺ˭⽨ǧɽׯ
ûһ˽̡
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ת󣬿źźܵɥԼµԷʲô°ָԱߵһǧ˵
նһº˷ߡ
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Ц˽⣬СõѾСľǶҿųģûʲôġ
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ѣĻСľģʡ
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š˶Ƕ壬ȻһˣСľҲнѵȨǱѸеľʱ㲻ΪԼСľ
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΢˵Ȼ
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ȵ׽ɽׯײϷһ۾Ϳ˱ӰΧŵľѩᡣ
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ô꣬ǵһμС˺Ȳء
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̣ҲŲԴء


126 

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127 

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128 

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129 

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134 

ǵС͸Сľ绰 ֤𣿾СͱСҪҪǴΣ¾йغľѩ顣
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