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1
ɲӡų
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ĺӣСʦܲǸ
ҡТĴ/磬ǸҲҪ˴Ĵڡ
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һλǩԼճ
ڽĩ˵һҧȫ֮Ū˲λʸ
Ǵֻܵһ㣬ȴֱް׻һûһǱġ

3
һλ𣬵һλǧ֮ߣһλ̤޵ħ񡭡
ﲻӴլһ˶µһͷ
һαռȫʱ󣬰׻ûˣŶӵĸǡ
꣬㡣
׻װһץסܵ𣺡ͽµһ˫طʦ̽һ
ɣſң
׻̬ŵ߿ţЧ
ݱǩ ǿǿ   ˬ
ؼ֣ǣ  ǣܶ  @֮
һ仰飺С׻һȥ
⣺߷ǿ߻ֻмسܲժɹĻ


1 
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һ죬޴ɫԲι³ڻɵʧ
Ⱥ󷽣˶С
һɫԲ쳤ۣ䣬̵Ľᵴ
ͬװվһɫɷεָ߽
ʮһȵ䣬޼½ϸɷֻľ£û˸͸¶ˡṬʧһһӶս
׽Ѿõ㹻ԴȻðȥμӶᡣʧһ£Ѹ뿪
ܶ˲
һĿüʦ֣εԴһεĶ֮һǲ̫ˣ
͵һθɵľż©ǻ׵ȽϺá
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ˡ⶯ȳ˰ɣҪɵˡ
죬׼˵ʲôԱͱһ£߯߯ı졣
˵꣬תԪԾڶǰ
ܾĴüǰһۣƲƲ죬ŲеƵҪ˵ξ͸СʦӲǣ⽭аŵӵ
ǳǳӣЦЦû˵
ӻ˵ȴԪڶƫǰλô
⡪ԺصɴۣСʦʲô˼
ǲɵ
һ˿ȥˣ㲻֪Сʦִж𣿣ʦʦٿǴʦְСʦôȥΥʦֵ
ԣüͷһšͷϺبܣߵΪСʦָеƽ
ҲС͵˭ϲСʦְ츳ááһʦƫʦֲĶӡ
˵ϲСʦţֻСʦ֣԰Ѵʦֶ˴Ͻ̵
Դһ˽һҲ֪ʮҪôչ
ⶼٴˣϴʯֻ˳ˡ֮ǰعֱСʦֵգΪߣŵĳ裡
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ǰ棬һĽʻͻţǺ뷨
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ҡҡͷص˵еڵԴ㹻ɺʮչȷʵðա
ǰýصŭĵط
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ƵͷһЦȻͷεڵǣ΢΢ҡͷʾǡ
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һʮ˱ǰУ̫ɽʱصɡ

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ǧУصԴ٣ǰһٵΡʮǰѵص˴λȸӶ˴Դ
ʮǰȣεԴٵòֵһᡣӭӵͳż״ɫÿ
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׼תƶջΣûѰúʵĻԵ
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ƻһ䣬ס
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ʯذ壬صʦǶһں⡣
䣬๵ʦܶԵҩоⵤҩоȫȨ
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ëڸ׵עԴռȡһöɫĵҩ˫
ɨһ۵ҩӣһɫĹâŵҩ䵽С
Ƹ˵ЦУллʦ
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Ц
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һĻͷ΢΢ҧɫȻ
ԼĶӣ𽭳ͣ˽һΪӲʵ˼֡
ڰֵҲӽɣʦţϵ裬Ϊ㡪ˡ
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鱾ǽֱϵõĶ벻ӣҲֻǸơ
ϰ˸׵̬ȣֻЩûжԡ
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ʦڶ˽һ£ҹģȴҲ޷
̫ƣص䣬أ˾Υξ
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ˣʱˣҪټδˣȥСʦ
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꽫ʪ͸ˣ߳ị̄ĻŲЩġ
ԶԶڻʦ֡һڰҸۡ
ҸۡػɣרӵʹáǽҵĺӣȻûʸ
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ۿ΢ɬǰ֮â֡
##
ʦ֣ʦ֡
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㱵ԭأԼϲСʦãΨһõĵӡ
ۼҵĺӡʦ۰صֶŮԭƵıãݱ󣬱ıá
СƵΧתʦ֣һۼңҴȥ
ۼңʦ壬ȻĶַߡ
ܿƵغؼңûκжֻܿһĻһĻš
ԶйΪҽεʦۼҵ棬ܵۼҵǿű͸˵һһ㸴ů
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ʱۼ涼Ѿ뿪ۼңЩۼҵ˴ͼ̤ƶֵء
صѰƻĴ£һͨŭŲ
շתţơ֪½һŵá
ƺΪѵ˵һҲֵȫ½ˣǡܳ񡣡
ָЦº͵ѪʦֻǵöӤо񵤣ֻҪԸҳѪҾƳ񵤡
##
κܳѪɵ̫ڿգɢĹ⡣
šԼƳɸʬΪеĿܡƶۼµȻٺ½һ
ʱת۰š
ѳɿܵĿƽɵ£ͬ
̤յ죬ʮŵ׽£Ŀɢ
ʧˣ겻ܾƮȻһѹϣأ󿴵һĴ顣ϣ޼½⡣
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һĹ£йۼҵĹ£ͣǰʮҳ
ТĴ֮ˣֵһ᡹иնλ

顪
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ⱻ죬ŮˬʵЦ
ξɢȥ
͵ۣ亹Ѿʪ͸ѡͫ׻һȦĿ£ǳ¾ɼۡ
⣬ƶʦѣ
ԣһ
ɳƣ˵˭ˣ
ѽǸӦţƸոҲȥˣҪҪȥһ

ãȻһɨա
л˵
һˢNPCøжȺϷˡղء
1
ȼһϷֻءʮ磬һֻɨصĵͼӣŰԹӡ
˵ڵһ࣬ϲ˺ǧֱʧ
˵λһһĴλͽܣλͽˣ˳֮
˵
ȼԼռļϷøнߣ˳Ĭ
ʲô졪ܡ
2
·ϣȼһС
СƯϧäȲУΪʧ
ȼϧҹչССðװ֡
ȵȴȺסȼǶȼеһ۾죬Թ
޿֮ʣȼСȴϻһѺɫӰ֡
ɲǼ䣬ͻ䣬
ڤл
3
лʬɽѪʮ˲
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ޱ޼ʵجУֻһԸлΪԼ߳جˡ
ǺͻȻʧѰټ
л꣬Ը
ʮлڸܵ˵ϢѰɽ̤츲أϧ
װɵä˫ۣԲ˫ȣһһӽǸˣ룬һαʮ˲Ҳֵˡ


2 ۼѪ
ŴЯݼ
ǰʱѾ뿪ˣλϺʢҲӰ
һ˵Ĵüͷ
ãô˵ҲӴһ棬ûһ֪ͨ
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죬밲οһ䣬ֲ֪οڡΪԼʦƽ˻ָߴߴıԡ
Ǹո̫ûʱ˵£ڸպϸ˵һ
޼½ʵǧ½Ԫϡṳ̂ճΪ˷޼½ߣ洴Ṭ·ŸԴ涨ÿʮ꿪һΡ
ʢᱻԴԵ߼߾֮
ԴʤԪӤߵƣԴͱռɨ
ԼҲɵס˵ԣ½һҲˡ
˴ش
ΪֻܺĻסԴԱˣһ·ŵϵķϣǿߵŵĵؽ硣
˽ܣ˼֮¸ɴŲȺǰ֧Ԯ
ߴߴһ·ȴһ˼֮ɫ
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ʦº͵ˣ˭к㣬ʲôʱηĿ⡣ʳָ°ͣԼˡ
ڻǱڡ
ҲûиϺĻ棬ΪиλһɵĹ͡
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һȺ޸źҽУΧס㹰һҹһ£Źλãֱߣӡ
Χţͷ۵̫Ѩһ̫æûʱɽҲȺŲߡ
ĵظͷȥ
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ԣҳһ١
ۼѪԣʵȺڰʾ
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л˵
׻˵˭Сúأ


3 Լ
ͳǶ˵Ǹ츳ӹߣΪ˱ƥʵֻܸϼӱŬһʮʱȫжɹ
۰̽߶һ䡸Ӷķ֮ڽɪɪСè֪롣
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˵һ˲䣬ƺ·ͣס٣ֲֺԣѹס˻ҡ

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ע£ƻʱҲļ˺ܶ൤ҩ˵ļֻһЧպþ͵˶ء
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ƱЦ˵ɱѾ˼İӶȳŲء
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ԴӭϽָһ䣬ȻһСԴβϣȵ˯š
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л˵
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4 
޼½¹ʮͬʱ٣ʢ˥ͬʱ޼½Ԫϡżǧ겻һ֮ˡ
ԭȷ֪Լȡ˹Ԫ޼½˥ˣ֮ഴ޼ݣֻҪ߹ʮŵݱܽ磬ƾԪٴͻơ
޼Υ飬˽ƣǴ߲ܵݡ
бףô˵Ϊ޳һֻЩѪߡǧ꣬Ѫ𽥼伣޼½޵ãޡʥ޵³ǲҲ̶á
ıѪıԼֻǩһΣΪūԼȴ޴౻ץ׷ɱǿΪū޳Ŷޡʥ޵ԹӲд
ǧ˼άǱĬΪ޲ߣ޼Ͽɵ˶ǣ࣬Ǵ½֮֮Ĵڡ
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ǵ̵أȻýӻ
Ըʣʲô԰𣿡
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ĬĬȦСèŰ׻è۵С۵һ
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л˵
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5 
½֪ɽ׽ŻҪѺɽߣ󲿷˵һӦǽ֡
Ҳ뵽һŴҴš
ΪɽȺ޵ţ㿪ţʣ֪𣿡
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ʱмλӷɱֻüƽһۣȻͿٵǰԾȥ
ܼžʱͣ˽ŲһԾ㷭ԺͣһСʱǰ

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6 
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7 ֻҪ
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8 뷴
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Ŷͣǰ˵һҡԺҵѼޣ;ʲôŲʲôƷλȥһһš
ϣʱض´ɫ
˳ȵ˵
ʱһ顣
ȵУͷۣҺѪɬҡҡϣҶԡԡ
ԽԽСʶλƣ˵
ʱƵͷһ
ʢšüɫڳ֪˵ʲô
˭Ҳû뵽ַչ
ͬʱҲΡΡط˻
ϲҵӤλˣ
ʱҰ׵ɫ𣬺޺򽭳ǻعⷵհĺ
ƽ߬ȭͷɿ΢΢̧ӡ˼Ц⡣
롪
ӤҵˣԹˡ
ʢȻҵӤλãǾһȥ·
Ӧ£Ｘ䣬ȻŲΡΡȥ
ӤʱԼŵλãǵԺʯϣССĵҩУȷȥңֲˡ
ʱĨϵѪ˿ո̱ڵص
ɨƣЦһԼҲ˴Ц÷䡣
СҶ죬ҵٴѰֱĿĵأҪǶӵȴ
һ·Уǹۣ˲ٺĵǸߡ
С̸ѯʱں棬˸ӣʵ̫ÿڸˣЦݱѪӻҪ
ʣʱһʮʮ٣˶֪ҩҵˣҪʦˣ
ԽԽ˸źƣһ㣬
ʱţȴ·̫ԡ
ĵҲ΢΢񣺡·ôȥԺİ
Ϊ˳ϣڴ󷽣߼·ܵҪϰɽͷȥƬĵסլ
ʱӵлعɫЩ͡
ܲϤľɫüߺݺɨʱ
ʱҲֵ̿֡
Ĳ֪ǸʲôֽӤŵԺôԺķأ
ʱ룬ԲüЦڸأϵѪ콦ˡ
ǱѼ˴ӵɻѪأ
ʱģʲô˵ؿһ·ƮԺ
վڵԺڴЩӹϰҪȥ𣿡
Ϊǽд˼ȴûڵӸĹʢɫҲÿ飡ҶҪط
Ѿ֪Ľ֣ʼ磬ÿɷ
ϢƬ̵С·ֱ㶵سһԺӡ
˽ϣ岼ĵԺУһСʱСԺӡ
ԺпСϣͣס
Ƭ̣ȻӿȡһСӣ򿪣ǽӤ
ŵĵһƬȻ׷ͬɸʱĿ¶Ź֡
ʢƫͷסϵ֣ŭɶҧŭȣʱ
顪
ʱĵأŻŵҡͷ֣ңûãûУ
ʢƳѪѣŵʱ͵Եҩ޻ͬӵܣŹ棬ţã
á
Ҫϳ˵·һ
ʱͫһͷ͵ؾƼ˽ϵ⣬ŵһ£ס
֣̿ܲ˵ǰ־Ҫȥק½ǣСʦ֣СʦӦһҵģ˵İСʦ֡
ƶûʱŭգڵӵҲ÷
ҧҧʱз籩ǶŹӵһƣӥ΢
ʢƼǰһʱ
̺ԪӤǿߵһſɲǿЦģʱҵأеĻƻغ
ϣȻۡһ³ڰѪȾ˿ݻƵӲݡ
⹷ҧһĻĵ̧ͷȥӭ⡣
л˵
ղۡ
ϰVͿԶ


9 Ǹ
ԺһƬؾ
šüڵ˭ҲǣֻóЩӺȵǲȫ£
Χ۵ĵɢ״æ̣һ۶Ҷ࿴
䣬ټĵԺһûֻʣʱڵϡĴִܷ
Ӷɢˣ໺¡
̧ͷֵü΢΢򴽣ʱ֣ƶȷʵЦ˵Ժиͬͬû뵽ֻ顣
ڵصʱԽɥҪӤ˵ǣοҪ顭
˵ţʢףһΣҲ׷ˡ
ʱͫԽͫйâԼԼЩɢ
Ŭָ̧ʱ˵ȴֻķĶ
˽ƵĻԺһʱЩš
ֻнʢ˼Ƭ̺󣬵ȭȭ֮ģʦҺú˼ɡ
˵꣬ƳһĽ㡭׺㱾Ӧԩ㣬Ϊٽסһ꣬ץʱɡ
ޱϲ
ҧŴ˸ȫǲʡ
ﲼĵر󷨣ֻҵס˵ǲ˵ǶƵĳͷ
ʢ˵˾뿪
ЦƬ̣λлͬλת뿪
ټԺֻƣԼڵϳ鴤ʱ
Ϣ㷲£ĬŽҩ޵ݸȻһԲߡ
ǼӲҩ޶߬мѺۣҩ޻ֵ̿ػ硪
ȨûɫԽ䵭תۼ߳˵Ժƽ߬ҩޣɫް
ǽʢֻڳӿǻû˸⴫һεҩ¼ҹᡣ
˵ڶգʢ뽭ݡ
Ҳڲ֪ԼƳշ顣
ǳʱϮ۰ػ룬ȴ;̥ϱֻܾͽԼȡ
۰صҲ裬˼ͬʱϧܾѲºԼȥˡ
ҹϮɥҪͻϮӣ̫齻֯һû˷Ѿˡ
ҲǸʱ򣬽ʢ˶ȡԼĺӣڽΪ󣬶֮ˡ
׮¼˵ȥ̫֪ز⴫˽˵ʱҲִ˲ƣ
Ƶݽ󣬽ʢýݴƴѧϰˣһ󽭳ٽ֮λơ
¶ֱţĺ¶ҲֹŭʢҪ
ʮƽһըëͷЦ˵ҲûųҲһ꣬̾͹ȥˡ
ƲƲ죬硪һۼҰɣۼԤ⵽£صңҽۼҡ
ۼңЩ⶯Ƭ̣ǰ뷨ѹȥٵȵȣҵͻƵԪӤС
ԪӤô½һǿߣҲںлסۼҵ
⣬ۼҲ˵ǿ󣬵ʱٻۼҲ١
뵽ۼĶסˡ
ϣסУĵر
Ƭ̣Сè̤˸ŵèȻڽ
һߣèһкͰ嫶Ի
嫲мӣҲ˼˵ĵر󣿴ã

⼸ŵĸ嫱˸飬ö䶼ˡ
СèĲӣ벻Ҫмֵ䷿ӣҪľ޼½ĺѸ㣡
嫺һ̧צӾҪأ˾ͿԽ
СèצӰӣϧţǸСȡ
ϵһצӾڰһ£ɰֱצӡ
ţҲˣסèצ࣬̾èצӿ
ι
ըëŭſצӰޣ֣
ЦۣһССȣţ㶼ֹһˣ㣿
嫣ţȱûˣǰ󲻿ɣ
ʶţ嫺ؾ£˵ˣǸ
˲Ц⣬СèŻشϵСưúã
λʵ
Щƣң
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ǣǣǣгˣҪ뿪ֻܳ㡣
²ֱ˵
˵ƵǸġ
üû˵ֻ
ЩΣСƤȾ˵ΣǸ֪ǱȦףҲǹϣԡ
˵óһСɵ໨ҩƿݸĵҩȻûӤЧҲΪڵṩǸǸ񡣡
ҩƿЩζĹ𴽽ǣˣæҲòס

ʱҲֻΪ˰ƵƣæԽô˵ԽΡ
ָָһԵСӣ£Ը˱衣
ˮģһڵӶԽ̬ȡ
Ħűڣ֪˵Щʲôźá
ԭΪﱻ۸ڿ񽭳Ǳѹһ
ûôֻ࣬ǵƵĴΪʲôҪǸǷ飿
΢΢ͷǷһȻҲңҾҪ
˿ڣʼ磬ÿɷ
·Ĳ裬뵽ݣһ
̧ͷҲҪĵǸҸæ
æ˵ֻҪܰϡ
ָָɽŵķ򣬵Ц뿪ţҪһʵĽڡ
һͣȻüصͷãҰ㡣
˾̸Ƭ̣ͳ
Ժ
һ·رǡԺſ²ߵĳϡϳŵĵҩϡ
ϮˣصɳϳͬӹӦ
ϼЦе˵ƶǻģæҪȥء
һȻҪȥұôˣѾ˯ˡ
ϰڰֵƶջңܾ˯ˣɱ뻣ҡ
ԣʶüҲö˵ֻǵҼǴˡ
һۣɻƶֱŤˣ˵ƶݷõʱ㶼ûгҪһȥƶ
Ĭһ˲Ц£͵ϱˣٺҪ뿪һҪ滮һ·ߣͲȥˡ
˵ת߽Ժӡ
һָĺӣüͷ΢壬˼˻ƵԺȥ


10 ۼҵ
ڶգ첻ϰȻͼһδĳԺӡ
ҵʣ쵽׷ʲôǸʲôϸ˵˵
ĬƬ̣ʣƸ˵ʲô
šü˵öϺõĵҩҲҪôҩƶԼزס͹ְⵤҩԼУȴû˴ǵ㲻ϲ𣿡
⻰˵Ķģͱ˸ζ
ټټ棬ҲЩĽߣˣֻǸõˣġʲôҲ
źӣɵ͸һҪҪ̵
ɽָƣϲƣҲһ¡
һϵ츳ӹɣ̵迴飬ҵǷһ
ĥ£̾ҲգҪˣҲûʱܡҩ᳤ҽãдƼţģͿԼ컯ˡ
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ͷһε硣
ʢµЩ͵ƴ֪ҲԼϵȫ͸ơ
ţҲûҪٰʱЩϣһȻϢ
ϢδǴҴŶ롣
Ŵʦ֣Ҽҳ˵飬ҵûȥһˣЩģ
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ٶȿýûӦεԾʧӰ١
Сè˯ˣſϣצӰһµĶѶ
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һƷһһָĹ鼮ɫ
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Ʒźá
ѾɽһգͷҲ쵽뽭Լʱ䡣
Ѱһλ·彫ţδڣұұˡ
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˵֮ǰиҴȣҹһϵϵ֧Ҫñһμȵһ
֮ǰսͽع⣬Ȼٴҡ
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ܱڽ
ǸûʲôæЩһЩҵϣһҪһæ
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ڽʶ˻ɽСģӵܣ˵þͻ֡ħޡΪС
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Сèֱ࣬ۡ
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ڲҲܼңҲ̫ȥ˻ˮ䵽Ľϣȥҩᡣ
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֪飬èë嫺硣
˯ǰ֧ǰ֫ѵڵĶؿԪΣ󣬵˿Ĵڻڵ㹻ˡ
֪ĴȵëɴἸڲãͿѡ
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ָʶ˳èļЩ߰ڶް
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ĴȻ£øġ
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Ҫ롢ȻҲúúûؾһ¡
ⶾٲã
˵ȥèһָ̧ۣջ˯ĺèſͷϣϸϸţСɵıͷһһʶ
ϡë׵ϵèʣʲôأ
ͻȻ˷ܣҸշŴͦ㣬ԡ

˵ⴲɵģôǸƷʯҲѹְзӦ
˵ͼèһŴؿУһʯ顣˷ܵض룬ȻԿԽû졣
èⴲòֺҲûܣֱ붨Ԫʴڶأһʱ䣬˷ѡ
ٽҹϡһоĵġ
ڽѾѾʱ嫺سҳԱ˷˯ˡ
ͷҲ̧ӦһǱ
һӺ󣬰ϸ΢غŵĴ˲
ɻۡ
ֻáǡһʯƾնһԹ᳹ͷβѷ죬ֱӴмݣʯδӦĽȫ϶
˳Աſڴͷèĺè
һʯﱻĽ
ס嫡

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嫣ֱ׳jpgû


11 ˣ뿪
ڶա
罭ϣҵˡ
Ц۾СǸòˣһЦϰߵ壬ĪЩģ
ֺǺǵҽܣǴʱΪðǸȻĨס
λƤĺ԰ԼҶƳɰзϵĳҲЦСǽҵϣ֪ǸЦ滢Ļᱻġסƭȥ
߶ʱٸһ裬ľͷƺ޷Ӧ
ſĿߣƤٺҲЩסȾ˲裬˵⣺һļǰ˽꣬ǽͷö飬Ҳ֧ϵҲڽˮҽؼң׼ȡ
ͷ˵á
Ų豭Щ죬û뵽ô׾˿ڣһϲģŽʰ
ʰһ룬ʢˡ
ôദʮĸӣʢҲû
¶ţýȥۣȫ˵档һûʵĻýЦʢϣ㵱ڳϵе񣬹̻壬Ȼݱʦšʦֵܡ
ʮˣĸ̧Žӣ޷ʱ棬һ࣬޵Ĵ봧Цӭ
࿴λһۣƤЩϡ
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һûһţЦݺºͣҿ˰봲¶һûء
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ͨҵһɵͼʯö͹飬봲ҵҲⲻ
׻ƽèβͶڱֻί߶߶Һö㲻ŰԼޣҳԱ˲Ҳô񰡡
߶ˣӿռóһèצϡ
嫣
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ѧ΢ЦԱһ˴ʱԣڴʣҲ㡣
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ССèǲԾ˼ֻȡ
вͬ˼壬ֻ̨ܰ㲻ۼҡ˭Ҳ֪ΪʲôһƬȻҩۼһѡͶţⲢѶ
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ڵңҵĺܡ
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ŵġˢNPCøжȺ󴩽Ϸˡ촩ٻҺǺ𡷣иȤ׿Եרһ


12 ɽ콵󱦱
޼½ܴԪӤڵǿȫҲҪµʱܺ½
ˣɼ󶼻ռһأȻڴ˽ۡ
ڴ½ߣҪԽһвɽŵҵĵؽ硣ɽľ벻ԶһֻҪʱ䣬Ĵ£˽컹û뿪ɽ
ҵûɽһڶȦӡ
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˽ӷ£վڻĿǰ̧ĨɽĺܣƸУǽϢɡ
ҵӲѸʰѰ˸ɾµӪ
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ܽеӰĳ̶ȣת򽭳򣬼ǴѾһƬЦһ
һĸոյĽƣڵӵ

ĵĶѨԽԽ䣬׹ѣʱγıڵϡ
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һ˲ȵĴʧһɶ˵ı˽һѡ
ͨڵèһڵĽý߲ƣ⡣
ȣסǰϸϸؿ
дŽеãͨڵɫ˼ơ
ָڽϣһ绢Хļһ𡣡
Ϊʦ죬ɶȼ÷ΪƷƷƷȼ
嫲׻Ȼ˵Ʒף
ĦЦƷûùء
׻˶٣סˣ˰׻ΪɣϽһ
УһΪӰͬʱ߰ѳӰڶΪ죬һ۷ЩΪ쳾Իġ
ɡӦ£Ҽסˡ
޳ָٴθϽ壬ָһĦһ¡ֱһģ÷¡
泤ϲغ޲ðѽ붼ϼ̣̲סϵˣߣҶ
ϲ»Ҳƽϰθθڡ
ֱۺ鼫õǰߣûз΢
èѨҪƵ⡪ʴء
̵ʴأ뽭һģһǱĳһס̹ģ氵һƬ
վڶѨ⽻紦èβͣԶأ
βëҪըˣú˵βͣ
Ŷһèͷ
嫵ǶأɢصĶʯ
޼½ϣʯԪͻƣֵͼм߼Ʒ֡ǰȼͨûңһһһǧ
Ʒʯ̺Ǹ߼ʯٱһöƷʯɵһöҩ类ҷΪر
иͻеʯȻҲͻΣ޵ʯʯʯЧһǰɢʴԪΪĶؾһ
޼½عﲩۼ涼ҴƱԼȫ
嫵ʯ󣬽ȻԣڶصԴⶾʯ
ҪԶʯҪⶾ
ԼжֻǶˣʯ߰Ԫ࣬
Ĭ
ȥɣڶǶأߵĴʯ嫵أɹ󣬾Ϳ԰ĶȫɶʯᶾʯĻ֮Ͳȱˡ
Ǳ̵ӫ⣬˼ᶾʯΪãܰѶʯɽ
嫣
㶾
嫣˾ͺã˵ǰ棬˯ֶ˵ĻǻֱӰѶʯԵģʱҸӹ
ʼ磺ֻⶾʯι㣬ǿ̫ˡ
èĿȫǼƷʯ¶ֻͷۡ
嫸⣺ƷʯƷʯ㲻¶˭Ҳ㣬ֱ֮ʯնʯҲܳԱá
èͷЦõ㵱ʯǴײ˰
ʯֲһܲһӡ
è뻳Ԫ壬Ȼ󴳽̵ĶѨ
л˵
㣡
Ͷ


13 
֮ϣգճɻ䵽вɽУתɭɭĺ
ԪѾľ׷δ
ܲ࣬ҧأƻͬ˺۵ͭߣ
ͭХһǰѪؿ񱼶ȥ
˾ңͭϵһ󣬺Ѫ
Ѫؽ紦ŵҩϽⲽеҩһƿһƿɴҩƿڳ
һԲС󣬸ӲߣֳֳޣϾɫ
ŭɣضѨȥ
С󣺡ϣȥӦʦ֡
УתݵһۣضѨȥŴңžУ
żֱţʦһˣôԸһʮͷ
ǰ۾һգգʦ֣Ǹ嶯ˣ˵˦˦ضѨȥסӺʾǶʦİ
ּģҲҶ죬ֻǸתѨߣһХ
Ͼ
ͭƣڵأûǹʧ
ڵأѪкҪɫΪһ塣
ֶڶҩҪǮ
ŻһѪߡߡ
ɸϹһѲƴǲĶѨܡ
ʮǰ뿪ţ֧Ԯһ·ߣȥõҩȴЩǵһֱûɢȥԽԽࡣ
һ·ı㣬ƴȫҲֻǿˡ˴룬ṬƽǲòٴзԮ롣
αƵյУڻӳвɽѰɼеԹϡ
Ծʹ۾͵ĿǻҰĶѨжŵʪ֮⡣
ллأˡϲԼӾ˿
˶񣬻һȦټɽ˼ʯͷֻϡ
һأأ
ϣȥԹˣչ㣬ܶ𣿡
ԡӣϵ˿ڴʹ˿ԹҲȫϡ
ŵˡֹ˵ǳǣҲаħ޶ɽˡ
Ȼ̧ͷҲڣ

̵ĶУغè֧ӣŶڲˡ
չʱһ̵Ĺ׻
嫳˯⹧ϲ𵤾Žףϲ
ṴһӣⶾԶϣγһĴָСıСݡ
è͵شܹС
ǰ嫲ֲè״
һøԴСèƢ˵´θ㡣
嫣˯ˣ
һЦָȥè°͡
ɹزᶾʯ󣬲߷˻ԪԹĶʯȡ˫£ֱͻƽ𵤾Žס
ʯںˣʮĶҲʧ嫳˶Ƥɣһ㶾Ҳ˷ѡԹĶټ֮ͻƺԪֱӴ嵽𵤣ֱڶסһǰֻΪСèһºͱɽǿߣٶǺǩ˱ԼĽҲĽѡ
ǿСè˸䵽ֱߣԱҪ
˯źֻƤҪСè䣬ûߣһè䣬̹ˡ
èϥϣˣڿȥһ
ڽ׼ʱڲش޴ıը죬ӵļʹ
ⱬͼһ߹һʱеײתơ
ѡ˾ͽһ̽ȥһŵɫŷĵĶӴܣԼĪʮˣǱ
󷽻ƿڴһȺܷ͸ҵס
ӰɢҼ䣬һ۾ͻصԭ
Ⱥ彣һı塪졣
޼½Ȼɣšš
ָ֮һš
üè͡צӲ֡ͷè϶˸֪Ӻζɫߡ
õģߣ
èצӣָָĿռ壬С
룬һһ
۰أСɽƵĶͷʹֻϲɴڿռﻮ˿յأרŷ͵
ָĦɫߣȻ£ֻ¶ĴͰ򢡣

ɫԹλĸӱը÷顣
ŭɶըѵæң߳ϡ
߳ϱһһ죬ȴҶλ˳λڶ̳˷κβ
ųΪŵĳϣڼù뻤Ŷ鷵ɡȴû뵽·ΣķͲǸò£
ոʯͻȻתһžͽʯըˡ
û˸ȥĻذʯϰ߳Ͻп಻ֲ˵
һվŵλŵӵͷա
޺޵˦ˣʯ꣬šü⸱᳤ڻ·𣿡
Ųݸɫĵģһᶯɨ߳ϣЦһаǰ߲ǿ
ָ̧һռǰ·ĴƬ
ŶɫһڣЦˣ
̯֣޹
ɻ˵ʲôں󷽺Сʦ֣ʦ᳤ֺˣ
۾һתŭΪϲæȥ·λŭʱŭһۡ
ҧˣƲλݸ֮꣬Աǡ
ӭһϲһ߷ŭ״ʦ֣ŵͷΨһըˣǳȥˣ
ǷѰԹΪ˴һںᴩɽΪˣֻܱĻߣ߳ϲ֪£ʱֱӰĸըˡ
رը٣һڽ׹رա
ߵʯǰĻؼҡҡͷ
ü壬ˣһһеڶڡ
ɱ죬Сɾ۶Ӷ࣡
ɡؿһۡ
ˣС߶߶ǰϹ˱Ƹôõ츳
ƳߣԹǽڡ
ɫ۵˫鱧΢΢ǽϣŵĲĵػš
üЦϲˣѲк󸣡
򴽣ߵߵʣ⸱᳤ȷ𣿡
һۣȻ޳ָ󷽶ֱң˺ǰ漣
üͷţ뵽ǰԼԮɱ˻ȥֻǵϣˡ
ʼ磺Ųš
һ࣬߳޺޵꣬ŭδ
еϣҪǸ˵𣿡
߳ģͽ˶޷ķģɱ
ǣͽ𹫻ĸ᳤𣿡ԥ˵ͽ㣬᳤᲻ᡭ
ⰬǬ̻Ǯҳġ߳ϲ͵شϣˣһֻѰͽ֪ʲôҷԸɵȥ
л˵
һСʦѾλŶŵıʱ䡪
Ԫףµһ𷢴ƣͨ


14 ͽ˵ֱ
ˣ
͵һЦЦⰬǬյֹʦ֣Ҫ𣿡
ԥʱһƳԶڻ˽
ɫʱͱ䣬׷׿
ովƵǲòˮһս˽뷨һΣǱɡ
ⰬǬƵҲ˱䣬๵ңߡ
Ȩ׺ߣ
߳ϵۺǶ
ҲȱħԼ˺ǿһȵ̶ﴳϡⰬǬ˽
˲ҵæϣֻ߳Ϸ߷ߵŵأӣ
رô̶߳͵س鴤ŵæŻֲ̿λ塣
תۼ䣬ټԹоʣ̵Ķ
ͣǰɫδ䣬ͬʱʧȥźŵټ

һϣ̶
嵽󣬻ҳ˵üʱǰϤĶı˰ء
ǡͶϺţȥǵʴأû´вͶʯ
Ͷ
޽⡣
ҪôȥȶڱɷҪôﱻʴԪ
û˵صѹֻۣͼֹͣԪɡ
⿴ܼȼͣǰ߼סȻϲ۷۷
ԭصĶɢȥ¶󷽴Ƭײݰ׻أһƬѩĲݵ뻨԰
ϵĻϲδɢȥ߱ײվڰ׻ǱȺüһ
һȺҲ˹Ϊ׵İ
ӣǵ˳ȾӰҾʦ֣þò
ǵɫŷѪ͸һǱĵǣҡŽ׵ȣ׻ײΪһ壬ŵǸӡ
ԣֻ̧̧ۣЦЦ˵ʦܣ
ţ
ţӡ
ۣ
󷽵תͷȥⰬǬ⸱᳤ôû˵ôڰ
ⰬǬƳһۣͽˣԤԼҡ
ɱ죬ǰ˵Ĺϵɧʱȥϧ
ⰬǬŲݣһۣʲôϸٴ棬վһϲ¡
ŽӦĳӵĸף
ⳤϸƾӹ֮λһ죬ӹϵλáͷźʵʲԪӤ׵ʵԪӤ׵ĳʵǫ̀档
һŵ͹ΣԣӦ˶Ľٷˡ
ɤզ᳤ϣҲȺаħˣ
΢΢ͷǰڲᣬλԪӤһλǿߡȻֻһֻԼޣǷƷʵǲöԸ
ڣɴ˫ۣЩǾȻ˻ǿߣ
̾
ʵԪӤףŵҩһڷ£˽ӲųˣŵƸòȥ
᳤ϣд㹻նصūޣЩضҶԲֵһᡣ
ϺƢ˵Ƕص⣬Ǹôȥʵ֪·Ѿըˣǽѡ
ƳⰬǬƮƮⲻͽ𹫻ĸ᳤·ǡ
ⰬǬЦҴ·𣿡
Ѳˣϵ᳤ϣԺ߰ɡ
ⰬǬѩҲƬɢŵ̵Ժ䣺·

ź֧ϲˡ
߳ѩغƮԺĵӳϵͶҸߣҪ
ƾָӣȴһֻƴĴ⬡
صһ˲䣬ɽüⰬǬƳۣЦһ
½ͳ߲ǩԼǩΪūԼ֮Ϊūޣͭūޡ
ūܹܲӣȫǲˣȻūʳǰӣˡ
˵ϰΪڴ⬺棬ϵı鷴
ǰ治ɫشأɫŶʱۿɼٶȵ£ȡ֮ģԽԽԽԽڵĴ⬡
һ·߹õͥԺ󣬴ƬƮˮسУҰʱһƬȪȺ
ͬʱǵĴһزū޻ΪṩԪա
ʬƮǰ۾ͣƬ̣ɫ㡣
Ʋߡ
·ɢңȥһȪɽׯ
֪˶꣬ȪϻƵаƵӵ
鲻Խĸпɾ𣿡
ⰬǬԶЦЦȷʵɾɾ֮ϻɡ
ͬصͷȻӦ˼ɫ΢䣺ˣ
ⰬǬǰɡ
Ц֣Զͤһ㣺ء
ʶѭȥɫ䡣
ԶԶȥȪƮİƮһɫ˿ɽϵͤͤУӰ֡
չԪڵɽׯƮĶҲյð/Ųʮ
ѵ֮ǰǸҲڡ
ֻ
̧ۣԶԶرһھ̽ߣļλŵӡ
Դǰˡ
һͦ޳·
¶İᡣɫסϰͦΣƤûкƣԼĪʮͷӡ
վ΢΢пɫɨǰˣ˭
˭۾ŵʲô
¶촽𣬺Ц⻰ǲǰɣ
ҡɫȣףѿ࣬Ծ֪ˡ
һӣâֱ
һ˲һ̵涾غĹȦ𣬵˵棬˵ǰһ̵ϡ
âײϣֱʧ
ū̽λǴֱʡ
ǵɫĻʧֻһϢС޾أڵ
Ͷ
Ĩȥǰжضλز¶ĸˡ
ʶԺδɢĶ󾪡
һ㹻𺳣û˸˻ڷⰬǬ
ⰬǬԺڻջߡ
ǻڷ̣һִδйǿֱߴͤˣȻǰ
һ⸱᳤
ⰬǬѾߵͤǰһ΢λߣ˴ðСӣ·ˣ֪ȥ·
ѭֱײһ˫ۣĬһ˲ôģҾôģ·Ҳ֪
Ŷ˶ʱһʧ
ⰬǬǾëԼȥͽˣⰬǬĲұ֤һ·ʻС
ͽˣⰬǬ
üܾмϤ
ⰬǬٽȥҲѰ·һ
δ˵꣬ⰬǬﻹֲ
ȡžջأ𣿡
˵ⰬǬسҪЦЦ鷳һ£Ҳκһ෴Ҫң
һͽˣеҲʸ˵仰
ɫ
ɨӱջߣ֧ⰬǬ⸱᳤ɣжϡ
͵߬סȣЦ棡Ҳ㻹Ըͽˣףߡ
뿪Ѱһ·ǰߡ
죬źһˣȴֻкŵת뿪޹˵뿪ⰬǬ˲Цһۡ
شյߣߣ㿴Ҹո𣿡
һĪϲһۣٿһһڳĬԴˣ˵ͷ
±߶ˡ΢΢ǷⰬǬҾ
л˵
㣡ȸо


15 ͽⰬǬ̻ᣬаħ
飬ҽܣһǰ˴ûȥ
ڽոһ־ͷӺüֻūޣɶкøУܴ磬ΪʲôܻͶⶾǿˣʦûޡ
Ͷɻ״ʣ˵
̯ƣԲĴָСɫʯͷ
Ͽ־򽭳ʯǶʯ
֮ʯһУȴû˸˼
ǰɲǱǼѪĶҩ
Ϻͣͣס㲻ֶأΪʲô
ʯ¶Ҫԭġ
Ϊ棬Ϊ˵еһ壬Խ
ۼҵĺӣ˵һĺӣۼҳûô߰ˡ
һ֪ǳˣ˵ȴʵʵǿߣŵֹⷸǱͿⰬǬˬ߳ϡ
߳ŵӻɣġ
ϴˬصߣ᳤ϣôˣ
ö˵ϴĻû⸱᳤˵ԹˣҪһˣҲûɡ
߳һҭ˰ûȥͷˡ
߳뷨˲٣ĴҲ̲סֹһ¡
תͤӣɴܵСʣʦ֣𣿡
𣬶ֶⰬǬѯʵ⸱᳤Ϊأ
ⰬǬ˸ݽţݼơ
ԣͷЦЦΪǸȣñΡ
ݸȻ
ͽ˱ϵԪӵһλͽˣһλͨ񡢵һֱͽˡ
ʱʼ󲿷޷ķﶼȥԳΪһͽˡ
ϵԪȻƣԸϢǿʼѵСֱⷶΧѰѰܷ꼪׶Σ
ƾܱȵĹͽһʱֿȣΪÿһ֧ðնĹ̶
ͽ޷߲һԤΣգҪôԼҪô۶һ
ö֮ͽ̳䣬ΪߵĴʡ
ڳֵĶ飬ûԸҲû𶥼ͽˣͽΪѰڿͨˡ
ͽ˶ĵⰬǬԸϧ
ʱմδйǿֱǰ߾Ե
ھһѰԵⰬǬƲסԼϲҲճˣʵʵڽ󣬼ϰ꺮ů
αȫλıķպ󣬽룬㵽ССࡣ
ⰬǬӣҲΡ
ȪɽׯҲ֪ʲôɵģ±ʪʩѣôȥϵȪɹ̡
ⰬǬǷȥȪˮ˸ţشܻ
ںͽ죬ʵ׷ɱǵ˭
šʦһۣӦʺСʵʵ˵аħޣûнṬʸרŶɱɡ
аħޡһ˲
аħʲ㳣һڴУ֮ǰβ⣬εμˡ
ɸ˵꣬ǰϾͻ⸱᳤·
ڴָⰬǬӦһ䣬ڰ֣Ȼܵǰ
Ҳźȥ
аħ޵顣
ƳҪǣ
ǰǣԼҲȥ
˵ʵǿаħޡһ죬һ첻뿪Щ˶ˣЩħҲɵˡ
嫣ǲˣҲǸħޡ
ⰬǬѡһͨڣûһϡ
֪ЩŵĴοħޣڲܶġ˵ңۼˮ
ԣڽСèڽشǷ߰ɣ뷨
ͷСèָĶ䣬ǳЦ
ⰬǬѾѡһڣ߻֮ͨԺ֩Ტۡ
ôĿܣѡѶ̫üⰬǬ
ⰬǬѲݸˣһǰ˼ɡҸо࣬ΣҲ·ѡģ

ǳѡɡⰬǬվǸ߾С
ɸ˸ĴָҾɡ
Ǿ⸱᳤ѡ񡣡˵ָţñ졣
ЦЦʣǺ͸ոǸìܣ
ⰬǬǸ·ԣҲˣɸֱ׵ıʾ
뿪ˣŸصͷضģ㺦Һʦ֡
üһⰬǬչ˻ؽթһŷּңһ߰ŲƲ˼Һ󻹴ҼҵͷĴƭ
һ̻ҡ
ⰬǬĨ᣺˵һᰡ
ؿݣ
˼¡
ǱеĴλͽΪⰬǬǴ½һ̻̻ĴүҲǴ½ͽ𹫻ĸ᳤
ͽ𹫻ڲѣⰬǬͽ̻ͬᱻΪаħޣһֻⰬǬ͵
һеңڣⰬǬھ֮ѡħԼ׼ײеԼ޻ߣֻΪ̤š
ⰬǬ˴½֪ħͷձʵ߽
ԣʵոλŵӣǺͽ𹫻˵ʼٸߣ
ֻ֪࣬ܿ¡
ز˵ⰬǬǴչһ죬Ҳû˵
˵һ룬ͱԱߵļˡ
еɣһ۽Ȼ͸ԼСǰܡ
Сʦ֣ôܺ˵
߳ϸոպǷˣ˵ܾܿǸ䵥ðߣ˳ȥѡ
ɳİɣϳ϶ܲϵԪ˵þǱͶʴûȻƹˤˣҪȻôiͶǣ
ҸҴģ˰ٷ֮ʮǸ
صѹԽĶһ͵Щӵıźɫ糣
ðҵϢˣԪӤڷܸܵ
ԪӤڷһ
嫲һ䣺ڵǿԣʲôһɵŰϯϰŵ㡣
èβͣʾ֪
͵βͣ˯ˡ
ⰬǬ˵·ԵΣղ档
ǱܿΣⰬǬ·ƶ֪Լںδ
һξն춾غⰬǬ̾ɽׯ˵ǸʲôģǶ
ϣⶾƲɽׯµġ
ˣ
˳ָŵķǰȥǰһ뿪͵Ժ䣬Ȫһƣˮ߿ҩֲ
ٿ⡣ǰߵʮָֿ̲ס̾ʦð
ʮ·ڣǰʢ滨ݵҩ԰ӣǷ˲֪ٸ¯ͥԺұߣһһŵǰڷŵҩľܡ
ľеҩɢ䣬ԶԶȥָһöɫҩƶľ鵤߶ҩֲ׺ں
ɾһ䣬ϣǲͱƸ˵ϡеҩ
ϵͷǵģԱƵʣһöľ鵤绢Կ
ɻһľ鵤ȥƸ
л˵



16 ع
ϳƲ⣬ɽĶʯӦںɣϾɽˮԪȫ뱦ҡأʯʯҲ
ȷЩҩûжɴܽҩУֱʦһš
ⰬǬкŽһ֡
ֻľ鵤ⰬǬ㲻ƫϵԪôľ鵤Ǳл鵤
ڿҩܣͷҲ̧ǸƸõģҪҵø׼
һѹεҩ߳Ϸе֪һܿġ
ɰ°ͣǵȻ
ⰬǬľϵĻҡ߶һ·ıƸ絽˭
ɣƣŵţγ˵ʱʦȻȣûüȥżƸ磬´εøﲹϲС
ƣⰬǬ°ͣǰóΪλ
Ժ꿪ʼʮ꣬Ѿǽ𵤶ˣˮƽҲ˽𵤽ףԭȵǿ˲֪ٱ
̧ͷһۡ
ⰬǬΪ½ͨ¼һ£Сүϸ²
ɰڰֵʵҲûʲô㲻ҴʶͶǰҺʦֳһعʦ˵ǹ١
٣һ˶ŷɥĵط˵֪ö֮Ƕݶﵽһܶȵ򣬶֮Ϊ١
ɼǸװױע˳··Ǳߣ·ߺȻĵþˡǲ֪ǱƸ·ǿи˻أ·ȫͶҪǱƸ磬ָǸԪʧķءⰬǬʱҲڣ
ڡɵͷźŶڡʱ뺦ǣûɹǸǰҲڣŵĵһܽ·ҲƸȻˡ
ⰬǬһ°ֱͣﲻ̫Ծ˵ȻǡעҪƾǡ
ɵͷͬ˵ûбƸ磬ûڵң
΢΢
ʱڹ·Ծ̽һ̽·һͨ˹ȥҲڵΪµڲˡ
пѱ棬Ҳ͸ɴ಻ᡣ
񣬰ĿڵҪûǴĻλװʦϣûͶ㣬ض˲֪'
㶻񣺡ʱǶ˵Ҿȳġ
Ϊư·˳⼸ҲΪֵܡ
ǿɲһζЦһ㻹ǵǸпչȥҲĶ
Ĭһ˲׵á
ڼ˵䣬Ѿѹһա
ⰬǬϽо·ȥѹĵҩص֩һµعš
ƾɵļʮҩƿɫīڣû˹áǰ뿴ҩµĽܣֻǸһƿҩͱ˴ƿ
ֻʧѪ뵤ҩܣȻͱ̬ӵ߳ϣͼλĵӵסߡ
λ߳ϣϤһλͣͺ;Դת͸ƲΪδչġóϡ
Ҫ̫࣬ൽһʱ֪Ҫθ
ǰо׼ƨǽͷݣ
ƨ߳ڵҩǰƤšɸ񣬲ʲô
ƽйϵ𣿡
߳һﲻܿĵطϽȥ
ԶԶ߳ϣص㣡
߳ɫ΢
ԱæµżӿæԲܴ磬ȥЪɣʰһʱ䡣
˵ίɫ裬ǰͻȻӡ
һۣһԲ뿪˵
գգۣ׷˼뺰ȴԱߵĵסʰҩ
ոʧѪжֻҪ˾޷ֹѪûнҩͻڶʱڴʧѪ嫵𣬡ԪӤڵҩۼϸƷ
С˶٣Ҹջָ˵䣬ͦġ
̧̽䣬ĦСèļʶׯӣ
Сèش˸࣬˲£ԺӣС͸ˣû뵽档
⼸᳹вɽĲãһʱСɻУ
Ȼסլа½СҲС
ԭ𣿡пߣһèͷԸԼˡ
ŵӰҩķûȤҸضһ䣬һȥⰬǬǻݲݡ
ⰬǬǸвסġ˫֣ټĶﵴƣʱ俪Ũ޵ĻȥǸ޵Ļ
߹ʱͿһĴ
ⰬǬ׼ȥ綾ѵ̣ۼѪµҲҪꡣ
ⰬǬǷָڰУȻջָ°㳯ͷգգۡ
˫գ÷ķһۣеЦ
뵽ⰬǬ֮ľʱջЦ̬ϸϸۺͳһ֮ǰѪڳɵıܶӸˣܶ
ѪܶԱͶ
ⰬǬ۾һ
ӹ裬ɵ̡
¶
ⰬǬҵְҵ
ĬĬ
֪ǸӸҷִôﴳԭˡ
ⰬǬ굤ҩƷƷⵤҩе𣬺衣
ʼ磺
ⰬǬҪҩ֪иõҩġ
㲻ø˵𣿡ָָæµϵˡ
ⰬǬһЦǸ·ǰѰҩĵġ
£ôоֺң
ⰬǬ󷽷ĵͷ԰Ҿֺ㡣
Ϊʲô
ͽ˵ж𣿡ⰬǬƲһƬ«έŽҩԺߣеʱʦ˵ܱ಻ͽˣԼԼһ׵˶üľ
Ҵﴳٱֺ׷ڡΪⰬǬƮƮ˵ţ̧ǰĿһָȻ֪ʲôҸоҪĶ
ҪģЩظϣڲ˵ʲôҪҩġ
ѾԶŴ󲿶ӣˮ߱«έԻλ·Ÿάȡ
һɫҶӣҶС̣㵽Щ̱ǵζ
ⰬǬһ٣ס޲ݣΪʲô
ӺˣľԵҶĪЦá
֪Լڼʲôˡ
嫱ζյһ飬˯ˣʲôζô㣡
޲ݣι侲
ˣСèѾס/󣬻һâֱľµҶԴس
޲ݣȻȾѵһļƷֲµһ
ǿڼµһİ׻үҲ޷ֿ/󣬳Ե͡
ſֳԲݴİ׻ƿߣֱӡ
л˵




17 ߳ϣȪӭ
޲ݶ̵𽥳ɳ޲ݶǵӰͻ𽥼
ӽܳСèⰬǬȻ򣬡ԭҲϲ޳谡

½޵ԼĵߣҲǰ㽫޵ūʹߣȦС൱ﶺֵ޳ߡ
Ȧ޳һ㶼޺ɰ̣үСĻġ
ѾΪ޳ˡ
嫣ʳš
ĬǰСè
èҧ޲ݣֻצﻹŲ١ǿק޲úè໽УצίַŭڿбȻ
ⰬǬŶèȰ԰ɣ޲мУѵеضѰء
ܾ̾һιˣҿô޲ݡ
èһһ
֮ǰҪƷʯˣôᶾʯι޲ݾԲУ
˵èһţм۶Ʒʯȫҵ࣬ȥŪôࡣ
Сè֫ͨ໽С
ⰬǬҲãҼһһֿ⣬ɼ㣿һҲУĻúȥһ̻ᡣ
һһè
һһֿ⣿
Сè
Ӧ嫴ߴٵھô޲ݣһǸӡ
죡ҲǳǮģ
һһèţⰬǬץץףһֿ޲ҲãƷʯҲͼӣҶġ
һöƷʯһƷʯһöƷʯһƷʯƷʯֱֻӶһ
ȫ¶һҲһƷʯĽǴ½׸𣿡
Ľ˰
ҲöƷʯ֮ǰҲǮģ
ⰬǬգһֵۣ治ġһ鼫ƷʯҲϼʮöƷʯģƷļƷʯҲܻöƷʯɣöƷʯּ˵ͦ׵İɡ

ƷʯȻУ涼ŵı־ûб־ͶƷߵͶʯɵӲŻ
֮һ޷ֵĽɽڴ
ڿ£ôҰЩ갡˷ѣ
ȥӣתסⰬǬͽ𹤻͵ͽ˿Խ𣿡
ԡⰬǬͷͽ𹤻ģΪӶ⽵۾¹ĵӶ۶ҡ
һǮ
ǧƷʯʮƷʯȰɡ
Ʒʯĸ֣˼Ϳʼ׬ǮèС
ͽ𹫻ȤⰬǬҲ˽أʲôʲô
һ죬һߵСè޲ƴ
Źһӣ޲һɨգϵԶԶ⸱᳤Сֵܣأ׼ˣ
ⰬǬӦ
վЦ˵´лġ
ʱͻ
һű̵ͶӭƮУŽײ²
ǰ뿪һڵӲֻʱ
ų󺰵ȫǶأæϣѺĿܴ
鵽ȫı̶š
ϸϸȥػ㼯һ˵״ֲٴ󸫣һһӴܵӵ˱ƽ
ؾҩԺѾǣеٶ˲ο졣
ֱţǻ
ŵӿͷƤ飬жҲҲǣֻ
ߺȵŵϢ
ˡɵĶţɫء
̵Ķϯأе˱УҲ˲ϰţͽŵһţǰˡ
̤ŵĵʹأⰬǬࡣ
ⰬǬƳһۣ׵ѣȫɥʧ
Ѿ֣ǷҲӲʵˣȥһƬ̣죬ɭ
巢ĵףֱһţдʲ֪˵Щʲô
ϳͷɬⲻֹͶޡ
ޣݣʱ뺦ʱõĶ
ԪӤߴ֮Ρ޾ĹյĻþУĿܡ
͵ػͷһֻҺӡ
䲻һţľʧкèûɽһͨڵĳ£ܴϣһΪ
ⰬǬһǰͻȻֵĺڽɴۡ
ѸٵԪԪڵĶغ϶Ϊһڽϣͨڵĳɢ̹⡣
һʽӰû߰ѳʵʵһƵС
߰Ѱâĳȫ˵෽
ɶʽ죬һлþһ۷
ӰΪһֱࡣ
һ˲˷ס䣬һξ˷쳹̶·Ĥܡ
Ԧų߸Ծÿϣѡ
ɫ౻ӰͬŤһ߹һļУԵ˵
߳ԪӤǿߣûлȴ߲·ԼɣȻԼǸˡ
ȫãгƹݺӰദݲ
޻ЮͶҲ֮ʧҩԺɫֻмƬɢı̶ڵϣ˲ȵĸ
ֽ󣬻ء
ⰬǬԹýѪƳɵĽⶾȫûܵӰ죬ֱӿˡ
ι񡣡̧ǰӻӡ
ⰬǬһ£קȥĨԼᣬʦҳϢˣѹˣ

Ͳþȱ۶
˵Ͳз
ʶתˣֱһΡ߳ϡ
ͫ΢һʲô
ղǲ͵ʲô߳ϵɴָۣʲôոյǰѽǲõģ
ûԪֻƶصĹâ
ղŴʹɵʽǰ׻ڽڣ߳ȻԪ
ѹüԣȴһԪӤڵѹӭͷ£ѹٶԭأ촽Ѹȥɫ
߳죬󣺡ȻηԪӤڵѹѽ㲻嶾صǲǣ
ѹⰬǬһͬסѹЦ߳ϣһ䣬
ǣһͽҲǰΣ߳ϲмǰһҵҪǡ
ô㣿
߱ק룬߳ϼ峤ͫ״ǳ
ʶˣŽɲô⣡
һԱⰬǬ
ⰬǬݣ
˱ۣͼƽͷɱ⡣
һ˲ŨĶӿ͵ھе߳ϣڳֱӹ᳹࣬Ȼݺһš
ѪĽ
߳ϺͷһŽͫ״𽥻ɢصء
γѪҺ˳ŽڿݻƵĲݵϡ
˫Ӹ߶ʬ壬߳ϣȪӭ㡣
л˵




18 ֣ŵ
´ߺ΢΢סһԴ㶵ⰬǬ
̫䣬ⰬǬһ顣
Ѹٻ񣬾ָɷнµϹˣʲôû
һջߣʡ
ⰬǬССͷشȥʵɼԤǲǷǳ׼/ǲһһ׼
߬Ž΢΢
ⰬǬ֣Ҿ̫ˣ
ͷۣ죬نСҸ¶
ⰬǬͣգ۾
ʹƿߣһξԼþȱۣ
嫶ñԴֿѹЩƣͣ˯ȥٺҡ
ĦŽã㰲Ϣ
Ȱ˯£һöҩɷĩ߳ʬϣֱӺᴩָߵĶ
ⰬǬæϣһߺıʣʲô
ʧѪ
ʧѪû˿޷ֹѪ˹Ҳֻܲ߳ʧѪ
ޣֻҪṳ̂ճ񣬶ֻ壬ûѪͻ
رһߣ˻Ŷš
ǶأǰǲţɵΪûֱӷӡ
ոյһⶾأѾнһĵԣʣһ벻׵ĵҲͽ翹
Ӷһڵľ˭Ҳ㲻Ϻá
һѾȾ˻ɫɫްڲ˵ʱ򣡡
µ񣬷ҲӲȥúˡЦǰŵأһУɵֹһ׷
Ӷһ𽥱ƽĶţҧ
ҲΪߣ޶ضӰ첻ڻܿԼ
侲ҪӰǡϰס򣬵취ǰѷȥɱޡ
ιһŵҩеȥ
ָǱ󳷣ɫ衣ҪҲŶǰ档
˼һҲþɴóһ˲ԪӤǿߵԪӿգµ˰
˼ѧתԪ壬̽Ѱ޵ټ
Ԫޣ˵ֿΪϵ͵Ľڵһԡ
ԪתҲʼͷöϳϣҵ޵ټû
סԪû˵ͷȴѾ˺ˮ
ʱһУıͻȻ/ȥɫۿɼٶȻָ͸
һԪûиȴȫȫܲ޵Ĵڡ
һ˲һĨ۵Ľǰէֱ֣ǰıȫڸǡ
ǿۣĿĹһߺɫ漴ǽȫȻɵһƬâ
ǿѵ˶㶵ؿһ⣬̤̬ţ
쪡
ڵĳ£һƬһΪĿռڻعƽ
̧ͷղŻδɢȥĿ־彩ϣֳֳֻˣԵʮֻ
ιž˵仰
ֳֳüɵˣ
գһۣ㶻
ˢǰˣ촽䶯ţǧںͷ²
óƴ͸ҩƿⶾԼ
ϻɻ̱һˣĮĶأҿɾͲˡ

һ죬ڳŵӵķʡڵʱ䡣
Щǿקɡֹ˵ĵѵͷ˵һ仰
˵ķԸҩһһַȥ
ɺ޹˼ɵһ£ز죺ⵤҩ𰡡
֮ǰԵķǡ
һŵҩĵӸˣ૵ⶾôóԣһλǿʴȵʦ
ͷǺ
ͷǡҲôƨɣ
бҪģԱߵĵؾСʦ㲻ǵĳݣ
һ飬ҿ̫˺𡣡
һһֱӽеĸ֮ǰжСۣھж๧м
ŵĵҲΣ۰Ͱ͵һƿҩᡣ
ŵҩƿǰι
ҧ㵽׸
Ƴһۣ˾̬ȡ
ҡ
Ӻ޺޵ͷĹ⣬ࡢ١š͡ҡҩ
һһҧϡ
Цһҩ30ŵǰӡ
ڽⶾҲġӸµ˫Ѿ߬ȭûһƬ̹
ŵĵԷµҩһʶͷ
ҩѾ˳ȥα㲻顣ߵ࣬ʣ൤ҩҩѾַϣߡ
ʣµĸˡҩƿҲʮöࡣְڰڣþ߰ɣﲻܵ顣
˵꣬𳤽תЩȥ
ѾȫȻΣȥٵӣʰ
˾͵۾λߵЩȥ磬𳤽䣬һŶؾʧ
ǿЩ㱣ЩŵĶԲ˻ɡ
̲סת˼ۣ˼֡
ոϼʱ˷֣żˣ۽һɥʧжţųƵǲеҡ
ŵ֮࣬һĤˣһ߰Ų¡
ɻ߳أ
ԶԶ˺
ųƶһƼѪ߳ϣԼһԾֲѵŵǡ
ϱȥȻ˱ۣûˣѾûѪҺˡ
һ仰߳ϵ֡
ŵӶʱ̱ڵأ˫ĿǾʬ塣
üͷ壺ոճޣණ𣿡
ҡҡͷǳҲжϡ
򴽣Ƭ̺תȺŵӣ˵˼䡣
գó˻ֵǾʬ塣
һ˲ȼ𣬵ݲݡɺԵѪҺͫ״־ʬһ𣬷մ
ọ̈̄Ȼ󵭵ջߡ
ⰬǬ䵽ߣСʣУֵҩ𣿡
Ȼһ£ʾʧѪģ
ǱԼȥáƳһۡ
ⰬǬ֣ҾɣøôԵøֲαӣԲ̫ɾ
ɾ˼ܿⰬǬԼŵжˡ
жûɾȻѾ¶㲻ڱɢ䶾һ⣬ȳһ˿ɫʣ
ڳιȾ˼̡
ų״̬Ҫ˵Ե̫ˡ
ٸ߹ڵҲֻǽޡԽӲԪӤѹǼɵ顣
ҲǩԼ𣬰嫵һ벻Կص˯״̬
߬ų΢΢Щڣ̫߳ˡ
һжʰϣѰǸ
㿪ˣûһ񣬡ﻥѣջҲ١
˲ԸҲǿֻǽһöɫǿôҵ޽⣬ѰңҶȫ
ƴǲ塣
Ѩʵڹ죬֪Щ֣Ҳҵ飬ʰö̳
ⰬǬǰ·ǰ̽·
һ·û̫оȴӿ˾κˡ
ԭöⶾ
ѨﲻֹͶһֶأ˳ֽһȦް󣬶кǸϼߡ㣬ټĶѨǻ˲ʱ͹ᴩڡ
վڶѨڣⰬǬ̾һ״жֽͨʲô˼ˣλүѹ¶
ץеĸ첲ⰬǬҪͷҰˡ
һ·Ѩڣչ⣬
ɵæǰķ羰ʱ޳ˣˣ
Ѩ⣬вɽһˣźڵ
µȴûˣ
·꣬Ȼ
ҪȥǺһɽ
ãƻȥɡ
л˵
СС棬һŵղѽ-ˢNPCøжȺ󴩽Ϸˡ
1
ȼһϷֻءʮ磬һһ޳ֻɨصĵͼӣŰԹӡ
˵ڵһ࣬ϲ˺ǧֱʧ
˵λһһĴλͽܣλͽˣ˳֮
˵
ȼԼռļϷøнߣ˳Ĭ
ʲô졪ܡ
2
·ϣȼһС
СƯϧäȲУΪʧ
ȼϧҹչССðװ֡
ȵȴȺסȼǶȼеһ۾죬Թ
޿֮ʣȼСϻɫӰ֡
ɲǼ䣬ͻ䣬
ڤл
3
лʬɽѪʮ˲

ޱ޼ʵجУֻһԸлΪԼ߳جˡ
ǺͻȻʧѰټ
л꣬Ը
ʮлڸܵ˵ϢѰɽ̤츲أϧ
װɵä˫ۣԲ˫ȣһһӽǸˣ룬һαʮ˲Ҳֵˡ


19 Ӱ
Ǳŵӣĵͼһ·Ϸɳۡ
вɽϱᣬڶڱ
Ϸ
ܼʧعʶ

ˣһ٣Щϲ
šԼ࣬Ҷû

Сèֱϣָèӣġ
èίؽУ
ӿռ˰飬èצ
ڿ֨֨£̾óԡ
һèͷʵôʲôط𣿡
Уָʾұûˡ
ε֣޳ָèϣץӡ
ˣ˸ˣҳµġ
һߣèһ˵ɱǸ߳ϵʱûʱ˵ˣԪӤڵķɱ˲߸㵱ܡ
ܣ
ţѰĵطһ٣ϰ඾أ඾ؼɵʽ쳾Է²һµߡֻҪµĶ㹻࣬һֱڻþĥ/Ϊơ
һһ˼
֮ǰУҲܣǰܵľ壬ʹΪʬ⣬ûκ˼
ַҪܶϣǲʹöñݡ
ţ˳ŵͼϱעİȫλȥ
һشصײԴʹ
ͷͼⰬǬҵķںʹ
ⰬǬڰվҲΣո̫ˣ
ü
ⰬǬóһöָЩԹ㲻Ҫͽ𹤻𣿡
һ۳򽭳û顣
ⰬǬƤһƤͻָ͵ͽ𹫻ͽ𹫻Ŀ䣬ƣɡ
ôȷܰ㣿
ⰬǬһָҡҡǧҪһλͽ˵ֱ
˿϶˽ָ
ⰬǬͷ󣬳̾һҪǽŵͽһ߰
תȥֹ߱һôҲأϯϵȥңˡ
Ŀȥ
Сè̽ͷ˶˻ˡ
ջߣʼµķȥ
㣬һһ׶Σڿǵһ㡣
ǰǿУǿͻƻΣա
һǾӴӽ쵽ʼһΪֹ
һ㣬١
٣޼½һضĵط֪ںηҲ֪ԭʼ״̬ġ
õ˼Զŵ׷Ѱ£ұͳһʢŶݡض˿Ԫĵط֮Ϊ١
ŸոմһطʵԹ٣ǶʦãߵجΡ
һ٣ٵһأʶҩ
һƬڣϢ嫵һͬεǰߣֱǰһ⡣ǰϣԴ
΢Թе
ũٲݣѰٶ߻ߣŵһʶҩԶ
ҩΡɫζЧнһʶ졣
ȥһӿն䵽ǰγɸʽҩġ
һڵҩĿʵ̬Ųϣ۲Ū
ڣƬĵط̫ྪϲģѹżϲϸϸ۲ҩġ
ʱȻš

һգһ̡
Сȩ̀צӣɽϰµʮצӡ
ͷһˣɫͫâת
Ѿʮˣˡ
Сèǰһܣ˵ϣţЩǡ
񣬽ǵһȫҪ󣬴ﵽȵļ̳ߣҲǵһһʹ˰µˡ
ǰҪðȴû뵽ֵܼڡ
ɺ룬ȻֱӴѽˡ
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202217յ19 ǡ
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24 ָѰŶ
һ۾Ϳǰϵꡣ
ͦΣɡɵɫķͷŰۣ°ż֦
ְ˵Ĵߣһ׵ϲܴ硣
ЦÿСӡ
ְһ˲Ⱦϵĺ졣
̶˶͡һЦ˴ŵӺǣĿû˵Ӳ
ְغˣŤͷȥˣ߸磡
߸ͷԱߺٺٵЦƢãɾ졣
ְ϶͸ҲˣҵѾȫˣ·¿Ժңܰһ
̶ӵӦкá
ʱ䣬Ҳ̶֪֧Ӵʮ飬Ǿ׳˵Ǽ˺˾˺Ⱦơ
ƴǲɴžƺǡ
һĹ˲ٰԡ
̶ٶ˸棬ǰ̶˸͸
̶ּӣ27ˣʵֲأ߽ףǸոջСλ꣬Ϊ࣬ס
ְڴԲ̶ʵϲ£ŵвɽоƫˡ
Ǽûʵߵĳ𣿡
ְžƱЦ£ּڣûʲôߡ
΢΢üûٶʡ
޼½Ǹ//磬ֻаٷ֮ʮܹɹΪߡ
һ˱ƿһ˾ְ㣬Բ𵤣ȴңңڡ
һֱ˵ֻнڵߣ˵Լһ;
ɣΪṩԴ
Ϊ޷һˣϳ޷ʵµ߽󣬾ͻܵıӡ
Ƿ˵磬ǲֻҪ׬ȡʯȵͺá
һЩҪҪĹҲᡢᡢͽ𹫻ᣬٱ̻ᣬԴ½һ̻Ϊס
̻ٴ󣬱Ҳ޷ͨˣ̸ֻɵĵӣʵʵλ൱ڴ½ײ㡣
ְԣһ˶ˣʮٹ֣Ҳֻ¡
˱ƣͷһѵλ
ְһЦû˵
ҹûҪѰ˸͹ʯͷ͵ش
ҪĻӼüëݺһ壬תȥְǷִܿ
վְߣЩԽֺ
СүɵǼɵȻѹƶأ
һбôܷӪﵽߣ
Ƕʦֽ𵤰˽׵ǿ߶޷ѹƶأܣžΣ
ҪʱǾ˵Ϊ˶ʧܣǸŲ𣡡
ְ˺ܾãһ³Ȼˣ鷳λһ˽ȥʥ޳Ѩ顣
һ٣Ȼֱ׳ûĽȡ
ҵˣְһɨȥЦ˵ûвӶѵĹ˽ӣʵʵΥˡ
㡪
Թ۵Ļڿ˽ڣˣ߰ɣʧܺڵ̶ӣǡ
˵꣬˦ȥ
̤ʱȴײߵĽ
ֶɨȥ
һˣΪ׵½ԵĻǻڵӡ
ڵֱӭߣù
ˣ֮Ļһڽ𵤰˽׵ѹӭ򽭳
Ž𵤰˽׵ѹƤڽ𵤾Ž׵ѹ
Ⱥˣǰù
һ˲Ҳֵͷѹͽѹ˵Ľ𵤾Žѹһͨȥݺݵѹǰ˵ϡ
顪
ҳһڵϣˤ˸ʺ
ԶܳܵѹڵɫѾ࣬ﶼɳȴһ仰˵
ҴҸ̻˿һĻԭء
β˻عǶˣͽһá
һвգۼ䣬ֻǴ˸棬˾ҵϡ
ְ΢ʶ򽭳
̧ҳٴصϡ
Цݣȴ⣺ʲôʱ򣬱߻˽ƶˣ
ڵڵϣһ仰˵
֣ϵѹȥΥ򣬱Ҳ
ҳ˸ŭԣѹŭӦ
ʰⲻع߸ˣˣһתջȫ̶˳ݵߡ
ŵСžžŰƣͷϵСһһأź
Сôôɰ
һСͷúҲܱú
䣬Ѿ߽ףҲǸĺӡ
СͷӦã
̶֮ȫסְѹţЩֱӵ
ѸܣصԼʥء
Ѳߵļ⣬˼硣
ӭ¹ۣѰĵطȥ
ڷȺ̵ǾŶʱ嫾Ʈ󣬰Դ˸
ǾŶ߸ղӣԶ˯״̬ʮ˿ӣö̵
ۼҵ伮أŶɫϲϲѨһ㽨ˮߡɽС
һûзɽжºһɽȪһһųնλɽȪϱ߱ɽ¡
𽥽ӽĿĵʱջԪվϡ
ʧȥ̵ľŶ߻ŭԪʮ/УֻҪѨԵİݣŭŶߡ
ɽȪϲһֱĶ£ɽȪ˴ĴʱγС͵ļٲ
ɽȪʪ˽½ǣڳʪˮݱߣûǰߡ
嫡ü΢壬ҸܲŶߵϢˡ
Сèһ·ϣҲǡ˹֡
ոһ·ܸܵԵľŶϢȴȫʧʲôʣ
Ƭ̵ȥѨԿɡ
ڽͰŶ߳ѨʱһĨӰɽȪϷٻ౳У̶ֱּӪķ
л˵
һŵԤաˢNPCøжȺϷˡղء
1
ȼһϷֻءʮ磬һֻɨصĵͼӣŰԹӡ
˵ڵһ࣬ϲ˺ǧֱʧ
˵λһһĴλͽܣλͽˣ˳֮
˵
ȼԼռļϷøнߣ˳Ĭ
ʲô졪ܡ
2
·ϣȼһС
СƯϧäȲУΪʧ
ȼϧҹչССðװ֡
ȵȴȺסȼǶȼеһ۾죬Թ
޿֮ʣȼСȴϻһѪɫ䵶Ӱ֡
ɲǼ䣬ͻ䣬
ڤл
3
лʬɽѪʮ˲

ޱ޼ʵجУֻһԸлΪԼ߳جˡ
ǺͻȻʧѰټ
л꣬Ը
ʮлڸܵ˵ϢѰɽ̤츲أϧ
װɵä˫ۣԲ˫ȣһһӽǸˡ
룬һαʮ˲Ҳֵˡ


25 vʼ
Ա
ŶߵİΪ, ˼壬˾ܹһʱڵ߶
߶ýⶾ߶Ժ󣬼޽, ΨһĽⷨþⶾǿбƳ⡣
«έͷëӭƵʱмϲˡ
һ˿ĶһȦ, ֻڶԴʯѷҵһ, ġ
ǶĿݡ
Ŀ«έϱһҶëʵһ, һ»á
СĴƵƤ, ǶĿݵĶؾͻѪҺԡ
ĿϲضĵطƬĶĿݣ˵Ŷｨʮꡣ
һλ˾ŶӳʱþݽⶾнĿݵݷȥ
ü, Ūͬʱԭˡ
ͬʱ, ȥŶ߳ѨһȦİ嫻ˡ
嫣ѨûߣֻӶûС
أ̧ͷ, һ۵ϵĶڣʮĳѨ, Ŷ߲˵Ӿӡ
Сȩ̀צһųʪĵ, ͷ˵,ȥԱһȦ
Ŷ߲ڳѨ, ø˽ʱ, ѨԵĶĿɾռ䣬ٽɢĶȫռŽռָ
嫵ڶѰɲŶߵӰ
˼ţӪڷ򴦣رһ죬漴յһƬɫ
͵ȥɫ䡣

ŶߣʱͼĴڣΪߣѻš
Ŷ̤ԪӤڣɱʥʱȺһƤңɽĪҲӡ
ɫǾŶߵŶ֣﷽ԲڵȺһɢﲻðͷ
â£ɫҰ׵Ⱥ
ֲؿٿܣɫؽס˵λߡˡ
ְɫδ䣬ֻصѰȥؽһĻ
ӣֲش󺧡
ְֻǿӪرӿǰΧ
߶ʮ˴ҴææϹΪ׻ڵĴ󾪻ųСүȻǸأΪʲôˣ
ӱǸϹӴſ飬Ѿڶﴫˣ˭ҲûпǸˡ
ְƳһۣĮλǰʲô¡
ԣɫѿʲô˼
ʲô˼ְЦһŶӦòİɣ
Ŷ֣ͫʸڷϣܣ
Ȼǣְٿػͷض
ţز֪뵽ʲôʲôҲûɣ֤𣿣
ְЦһָ̧ɫŨû֤ݣ춼
ΪӦְĻкһը˶ϡ
ֻһ鳹׷Ŷ߽պϵм䣬һ޴ܽ˲ĺɫ߻ͣ࣬ʱһľ޴
˭°Ҷ
ءɬ˶ࡣ
ŶţһһƽϴȺ
˭°Ҷ͵һŭ𣬾޴β项һؿѣְΧСϡ
СǡþѷԣŶߵԪϯֱεڵء
͵رСǱعһԡ
̸ֲؾŭѣŭӻڵӡ
̶֣ŭľŶͫ𣬳³һڶ
ӭͷ£ڵʶһ¿ˮֶֽڲ
ڵµס̡
Ŷת޴ͷ­ס
ɫը
̣ǣڵӴһһɫĵ׳صְδܣ

Ŷ߳ž³壬βҵأѸö׵
ͬŰ׵ѧþȫ̶Ǳҡ
ö׵ҹְ飬ʮ꣬δŭ
ֲأߣְըһöЪ˹غŶߣ
ŶӴײ͸ϣʹ˻
ֲͱְƳΧȦ
ͻĻҺͷþŶߴֲļʮ˷Ӵܣգۼʧȥ˼˵Ӱ
Ŷ߲Ȼŭ޴βͺݺ£ְ֧ı֡
ꡪ
ѣʹԪıԪʹϣһѪְ
Ѹٽö׵Ŀְش˫Ŀ죺ү
ߣְҧٻһö֣ҧŭȣߡ
ֻߵĻڵؿһְۣȻһ֣Ŀࡣ
ȼ㣬ְöϼƷһöԵǿߵȫһɵһһö
룬߶Ԫһμ٣Ƶس
ŶѾ׼ŭֻöɫ̵Լǰ˵ࡣ
һжغ͹ʽһζβǲ㿴ı֡
䣬ڶö֣ٴοѡְԪѾ͸֧ѹľʹǿлö֡
˫ֲСУһֳֽǿ뿪Ŷ
̶Ѿ˴룬ְһ£ŶߵĹ𽥼ӴϻʣöٳʮϢ
ְƴһʱȻطڶϵĶԱǶ˻
Ƿˣְŭһҹ
ѪȾ͸ҶȾѪݲȾ졣
˫ͨ죬γֱľŶߡ
࣡ࡪ
ְ³һѪȫԪŶߡ
Ա
һλǿĹʽԱ
ְŭɶ
ǲֹ࣬صһسȥ޷˵صԪ
ߴ򲻹ʥ޾ŶߣߵԱըͷ޴ľŶߣΪְһܵ
һ
ְۣʣбŬɢԪޣȴֻקסںһˡ

ء
ĨԪըһ죬Ŷʹ˻֮
ɢȥְѾŲס塣
žʹգβһ
ղɫӴİɫӰȻͷɫͫʹధľŶߡ
ƬɫâУְֻһɫġ֡
ԼڻϣֱֳֳָŶߴӰ
ְգգۡ
ǵӰͻȻɬ̵ˮλ䣬ϡ
䵽ǰ
ȻǵǸ⣺ǸˣĽң
л˵
-о
ѽ


26 ľ
ٵο˳ͷ, ǰĴο˽㡣
ȡԪ˲䱩ֽԽڴԲ, ͻƳΪԪӤһǿߡ
ԼͻԪӵ׻һջˮԪһͬԽϣΪԪӤһǿߡ
˫ԪӤԪӳ, ް׻ѹ㳲, ѹھŶͷϡ
ͬʱ߰Ѻɫֱָߴ, Ŷ߱ѹ˻ȴ
ץһƵ, ȫְȻͷľŶߡ
ߡ
Ŷڵأ˻ƵǣҵĳѨ, ҵĺӡ
ɨһȦ, ûмʮˣȻЦ,ǵ㺢ӵˣѾˡ
Ŷšһһ, ȻŤ, ˻Ǻ,ҵĺӡ
ԶľĲƺ𡢹ľ, ȫΪĻҳ, 
ְͻδԱɹѰ࣬ҳУŬסĿռ䣬ֻܻס΢һ˿Ϣ
׻Ӱߴһ壺㣡
޷ֵѹ£䶯ľŶ߶ʱʧֻš
Կ𣬾޻ɫӰ˶ʾ⽭࣬ǩԼоȡ
Ĭתְ
Ա൱ڷΪ˵ʧȥΪķܲڱըд˵ը֧ľǴ޽ɶѾȡ
һԸԱ߹ԪǽȻһҲǷϵġ
ְ࣬ٿ򽭳
𴽣˫ֳ壬͵һ򣺡̻ḱ᳤ֻҪ㿪ڣۺִۣҶԸ֧
ְ¹ͬʱѸٱְܿ㾪ȵʣⰬǬʲôϵ
ּ̻ļͬʱסһۡ
ְԥһ˲ֱӽֵܹϵҸ磬ҵⰬ֡
ȻһЦǰҸպֿȥˣ
Ⱜһգգٵһȫɫܾ𣿡
һ˲֪аħ𣿡
Ⱜͫ΢
ԪԱܾȻҲû취ľҲڵ߶硣
˵ԱɫصˣͬΪߣǾԸǸԸ΢ػ
Ⱜֵͷ༸԰׵ɫļ
ȵģУȷַܷʽԶƽӹȥ
˾ֱ
үڵһֱΪ̻Ч˵֮ˡ
Աߵ˵ͷֹ࣬Ƕ롣ΪΪṩϧ
˵аħ޶ǿһǿȫɡ
ԣȫɣ
뵥ϥأĿⰬ֣еȫ
Ⱜֱ΢ɬȻһ仰˵
οˣŪһ˵ֹû˵Ҫа
Ⱜֵļ򣺡㲻ɡ
˵ţӣմӾŶ߳ѨժµľųɵҩСι¡
ܵŶ߶أҩЧЧһܴ̼壬÷߾ѵضԿ߶˵ǼԾݡ
ּҼһգգ࣬ǸոͼԱʱԪȾ߶Ъű˹ȥʰһ²о֡
˵꣬ʵɽŶߵ۾ǰ
Ŷߵ۾ܴһֻ۾нһ˸ߡ
ߡŶ侲ܰ߰ѽŲ𣿡
߰ɽӰߴϣŶ˵Ų
ƳһۣУ͵Լ̵ֶܷܣ
ŶɳƵһ£ҺӵϢǰ
㿴ʲôԿռһö׵ھŶǰһ¡ҪɱЩˣһʱµĵԱʱ򣬽ûסֻѵĿռָнö
Ŷͫһβͼ˦ߡߣ
ҡָָ̧֣Ϣ࣬ҵģҪҪ̣͸ǩԼԼ
Ŷ߼͵ƽǳû٣
Цһ£û𣿡
ÿ˵һ֣ھŶߴϵĳ´һ֡
ڹɽϵĿɲǽԪǰ嫵ġ
ǳɳڵޣѹȶɽǿߣѹһԪӤھŶߴ´ࡣ
𡪡Ŷ壬͵ĺɫͷ­Ͱ͵ߣл
һͷ֪㼸ٱСĺɫ߸š
üвպͷȻҽԿ⡣
Ŷ˻ͷһ٣˻ջأί
嫻֫ЦŶԾŶߵ֪ʲô𣿡
Ŷߺ̧ͷ
嫣ܣܰƤ
Ŷߣ
̶ּӵգգۣԭ˼
߬ɽ߰Ӱ˶
ƳĨ޴ӰܰƤⲻÿ˿Ŀʵһ£һ޲ûˡ
嫣
л˵
ǡ
Ŷߣ
ĬĬӣԶء
һԣ˵ҩתѡ
֫δָ֪࣬࣬˵𣿡
£ƺֻܻ۾΢΢գۣ԰׵촽Ŭš
˵ֹǿⰬѾȫˡ
ɫͫʶ˶۾һһϣëȾЩ⡣
ΪԪԱȼᵹ˻׶Σ޷
ͫһ˲Ȼ󻺻ɿ
˫ƽĺһְ취ָԪⰬֲͬ⣬Ҫ
գһۣ˵

Ƭ̣ŽߵŶࡣ
Ŷ߻塣
ѵתߣգգۡ
һ˲䣬·𿴵ֵƽ/ȥ
˺һµݡ
ħޡ
л˵
ࡪ
ĵһͽ
ħƻ1
ʽо


27 ˣ
ˡ
һ콥/ȥɫ, ˳̫
ⰬæµһϣѰ˽ɢ̶ӶԱǡ
ԴûڵĶԱֱֱ쿪, ƽ¡
ⰬһٵȺ۽ǺףɬЦ˵û¾ͺáֲأ뿪𣿡
ֲ뿪ˡСӵĨ, Ц˵,ǰˣӦÿвɽˡ
Сһϣ˽ĵҩתѡ
ҭҭⰬ쿪ֱ, Ҫ
ⰬϵѪջ͸ˣ, ȻֽСµ벮´ʱٽҲܴСˡ
벮ҡҡͷҳɿݲݵĺӣЦܴܲС, үڰ̻
ⰬеˣƢ, ´һ벮̻غ̻С
벮εЦЦūֻܿ
ЦһƬ, ҲȥƳƬֻ˱ֿЦ
ٺ, ԶԶ, Ҳûȥǡ
ȴѾָ֪, ̧ͷ
ٲɬϸ˼ĨЦ, Ȼջ, Ԫ
ָţԪܾŶԪ
໹ûԪӤڣֱǩԼɾŶߵԪ
ûӰĳھŶߴ磬ӣԪ
Եľݣĵܹá
һ۲鲻ԸľŶߣܰƤëҵά衣
Ŷֲ˵İι
Ĳã뱻ҿųԾͰ㡣
Ŷᣬκ˭ҲﲻֻܰͰͱ졣
һԼΪҪһ֮á
ŶߵĶͷŷΧ󣬴ҽغ󶼻ᱻӰ쵽ⶾ
׻ʼ
׼ȷ˵һβѧϰںϲҩĹ̡
Ѿó˰˽ⶾİ취ֻۣջҪʵ
һڣԼѾѧʦ׼ȴû뵽󣬾һɫӰй¡
ʶۣӺڰŲǰһɫӰɫĳҷڵأ£סΣ޷ֱŮ
£ǵӰӭϣҡҷĺ۽ο·һȵ۽ס
/һѱۣӴأôû֪ͨҡ
ûŪĬһ˲
˱⿪ۣ¶ͬĳ£ֱ۴кɫ
ѧɱ˵ģĵʡ
Լࣺѧˡ
ˣ˽ⳤ۵һ٣ЦȻѧˣȷ
˵꣬һ򽭳
ʶסȻſԼϵĨ죬㵵ط֣Լ޷ˡ
𶯡ʮָͿ죬Լĳ
ǰ㣬ұĺ/ҪϽĶӣҺúơ
΢࿪ͷƣ¶
Ц治úŪء
̧֣ץ϶һ֩˿Ź̧𣬡˿Ů
Ů𣿡촽˸ۣҪͬҺһޣˣұ㡣
˵һ峺ŭе롪үԼߣҶԣ
ǰ嫡
ѰԴȥûѰʲô
һ׻Ļ/ĵɫĺֻèԼߡ
ǲܣ嫵峺Юżŭ
롸ǡͷϹè˽Υأϳȥ
嫵СǸһǽڣб¹ܣ
һЦ
嫶Ժʱ򣬽ͫ΢ŲߣŻӰֵĺɫâ
â˸䣬з쳤Хչëʣͨ˺졣
ˣ૳
£Ӱ̬򽭳¶ˣһ˿
ֽ̧ضϷ͸˿ˣҲҪ˿Ҫ
뵥ֱһֵֻԼ촽źϧŶ
£̧һӣһ¯ǰ
¯ֱף뽭ߣͨɫ¯ϵŲĻƣȴżԪ
¯££ɫۣԼϡ
ղŵұʾʧһڻƽϢĻɽΣȴƽ͡
һ¡ָ¯ڣĦĻƣһ٣ѾءΪʱ񣬾жĿݺ;Ŷ߶صˡۺңʵǹؼ
˵ţ˳Ŵ˸ָһΰĻǴָⵯ䣬䵽¯С
һ˲ڵĵ¯ȼܾ޻
ҡҷӰӴڻϣŴĪĿûб飬ؼһǿƻ֣
ĻȻը֮ܽ¯ɵ
ըĻǴܵǰһ״Ȼ͵أʼ޺С硣
ӲҽУɫδ䣬̧ؿһۻ롣
˵ôṈ̀û˼
ָ̧ŵ¯ŶҵûһԻֵĿ
գۣ
ƳһۣԭƲס磬һ˼˼һ¡
룺
˵𡪡ͷ¯ԾԾС˵˲ҵģ硣
룺ȫ¶һֻŻ˵ĻŭţŻ棬ﱩߣһһ߽ӡ
Ǹ̻ƵĻӣ˼ԼǲǶ˶ͷˡ
뱩һҧ㲻˵ҰʣµĶ㽲꣡
ֻ̧촽ϡ
ŵ¯Եһݵҩһӣһʱһһ¡ͬҩвͬҪ󣬲ͬҩвͬĻ׶Ρ
ľͷʦֻῴҩӣд٣΢Եʦݲͬҩķ档
ٸһǶ֢ҩ֢ͬ״ͬʡͬΪƶͬĵҩ
ǿʦܹΪ棬ҩġ
ǸͷʲôҩģŽʡ
һһʮںŶ߶УԶĿݵĽҩĿݣһáһЦҪԶ߼ˣֻҪһζݺһζĿݾܳ׸Σ
ͫ΢ĬƬ̣׵š
л˵
ǳ
ǣôôգ


28 һ
ֻ̧ӳݺĿ, ڽǰΪҩ֮γ˲ͬЧΪԪؾм𡣾ݺĿֶ, ֻҪҳҩƶصĲ֣ҳȷƽ㣬Ϳɵҩ
֮Ϥÿһҩĵĳɷ֡ԣƾҩġ
, ˵ĻΪ档һ, ҩĶ򽭳ڵ㣬ʵʵǳɷ, Ȱѽⶾ, ȥһһҩݡ
һֽһҩݣĬĬעŻ롣
˫ֱҸ
㡪ܿ
šüôԵʵҪǿ
ñŤŤͷȥԼ, ʱ, Լĥɡ
Ҿ̡ع֣ǰ
գһ۾, ɵɨȻԶһ, ԶԶû±ң
ֱ, һ޹
, , в, Ҳвٺˡ
ţ嫵߯߯ðвٹˣ
ЦһĬ嫣ֽˣ
͵ģ˶áˬֻԶ㣡ͬ壬һһ񣡡
棺ﶼЩʲôˣ
͵سĬ˲͡һȺȱּһ
Ը˵ŪͿɣ߿ǩԼˡ
˳⡣
嫡Լǵ֪ıȫ뿪󣬽ģȫĽС
Ȼ뿪ˣһ֡
ʹû棬ȴ·ͨԣܹԤ֪ҪĻ򣬸ѵѧϰ
ڽǰο˵ʱ򣬽ΪʶʶҩֻļҩЧʹ÷󣬲֪Լش
һҩݿܵļ㣬ںϳ̶ȡȺ˳򡭡ÿһŵҩжǶһ޶ƷΨ
еʱȾεطַ֣߸ڴ½ʦѧϰ˳򣬰۰غµ
޼½ʦѧϰһǼ֣ڶǿƻֽҩڻ̶ȣҩ״ԣĲǰյһöʹõСͨǿСҩ衣
ڱڵҪŪù죬ʵÿһҩԿ̽
ɡ
Ŀǵڶ׵ǵ׵
һڵûʦҪԽ׵ֱ췽ҹ̷
еڶʮںʧܵҩģһ̾ȻȡڶʮһҪ״̬Ŀݡ
˵ʲôʱɹʮΣʲôʱҩĽƣɵο
Ҳ٣ơ
ڰ벦˲ϵ
ȻܻеþȣǶ޸˺ʱ
һ£һ̡
˼бʱذסδ
ա
ʱӱ˹켣΢졣
İ嫶䣬ƽһ춼󣬱ĵſڵϣӰβһһΡ
β;ߴϻơ
ԪľŶһƴԪȡĥ
ʱһΣˣ뽭ܼʮӡ
ָж;Ŷ߳ɹ޽Լ
Լǩ󣬾Ŷ߻ѣ⣬ûջء
̱ڵϵľŶߣʵԪ桢㣬ƾŶϢ䡣
ϲָо
Լǩ󣬾Ŷ建Сһ˴Сߡ
㡣߿Űɫĵ͵Ŷǰ
Ŷͫ˲ɴ󣺡ҵĺΪʲô⣿
ǵͫ˲们âȾѪ˿һƬͨ졣
ѹʹң㣡
ۼֿͣʼɳʯæûУԿҵļ䡣
ԼھһԼ£һԲ鿴ļ䡣
Ŷ߱һ̽Եı顣
೤úһƬϣ˼䡣
Ŷ˳ż俴ȥʱһ߶ܹһ߼ѽסʮ˶µ̵
һº͵䲻𣬡𣿡
Ŷ߻ͷεˡǸˡ
ɳлָʶ
ԼǼϵ֩˿΢Ц˾͸ҰԪͣ£췴𣿣
Ŷ߱һһ㶵ġ
̧ͷŷ֣ոջ߹ˣҳͷϿżӲݣȥЩǱ
ƳþŶ߻һ飬Ԫ
ʶЦ죬һЦһߴһ磬ѽϵɳӲݴߡ
̧̧̧ͳһѿݲϵӰȥ
˲£αСè
СצһץקסŻƲ̵̲Ȼһײ
è˷ܵúܡ
嫣㣬ʲô
˵͹Ųݣͷ涯ȥģ㡣
һè䣬޲ݣԳԣ
嫾޲ݡ͡Գԡ֣è۷ŹһصȻ۾ʣʲô
˶٣ѻ˵꣺ʹþŶߵĶġ
˽ҩڻָ£ת˼·޲ݺ;Ŷ߶ں޲ݵ߶ĺݡ
ֻʵЧı飬εҡҡͷ
嫣
СèضһͷȻͷġ
ɶԪⲻСèκζأֻʵʳ
޿è°ͣͷģ
嫶˶֪ͣһèǺ㣡
Цһ£ó嫻ʱⰬǬ޲ݣèצ޲ˣ԰ɡ
޲ݣίͷˣʲôζҪҡ
룬ʣϲʲô
ϲЦտ֣ԪҩģʽĻʯ
յĻ͵ش˸硣
ߵŶߣóҩƿ
ŶɫȴҲزס
࿴ɪһŵߣٿֳֺڽߣСԱŲһͼס
Լ֣ɻ˾ŶߵβͣѪ
ʹŶʶҲŲ˲
ŶɪɪߡҡѾǩԼ
ţѪѾ뵤ҩ󣬲ƳŶһۣһ¾͹Ǻʥ𣿡
Ŷ͵ͷԼβ֥С˿ڣ
תȥⰬֺ͵ͼһչʥ޵ϡ
Ŷ߽ⶾҩⰬַţߵһԷߣ̧ǰ˻ӣ˼ң˵𣿡
˴ͷȻٴתͷĿǰ
ⷴӦǶԼˡ

л˵
ǣо


29 ߶ǣ
ҹŶ߶صŰ, ԭԽͣľľɫ
صŶľŶԣӽֺỮһ, СƿɫѪҺ
һ£Ҳ۰
Ŷ߿ǡ㡢Ҫٻذ
ŵҩϵѪΣ֪ÿҩЧ
Ŷ߱ſ, ƽ, ˡ
ⰬִʱѾ˵ҩָߵ򽭳λ˼Ҳе߶𣿡
ȺѪ, ΢΢ͷѪ϶Ŀ, һһֶؾγһƽ⡣µ߶ƽ⣬ڵĶؿʼˡ
Ⱜ˳Ž߿ȥ۽Ʒ, Ƕؾۼ۲
ٵ, úõĽҩ˷á
һҩ¶ǣȴԤ׵˹ȥ, æ˷ס򽭳
Ƭ, ǾŶ߶غͶĿݻϺ, ̫, һŵҩҩԻ
, Ŷߡ
Ԫס, ά֡һӾͺá
ŶߣǣͷҳѨ㻹ҡιιι
ȾŶ߷ɧʶѾУʼⶾ
˵ûһɲĵҩҪⶾǾҪƶ
ֶڴܣ˾Ŷ߶صǰ̼ԭһ洿ҩƳɵĵҩѾá
Ҫҩ뾭ѹԪһǿԼжߵʶǿԸжԪѹƶԡ
ԪѹҲһӴḶ́ۼϿƵĵҩƾż䣬ֱֳԭ
Ϊ˼ǿԪĹԣԪϸһͶ
һõģԼѪԪʵ
ѪԪ¯һ˲䣬Ļʱǣ¯Ӱ
ŲæһĥݺѾ̾ŶѪҺ
ҩȫĥɷĩԪĩķֳɾȵݡ
ĥҩĵͬʱԪһΪȥƱߵĻ档
̫󣬻ҲƮ˹
ڽԱߣ˰κ˫΢΢
һƣҩ¯汩ߣʧܡ
ڶƣѪ࣬ⶾ綾ʧܡ
ƣҩʱȴ̫죬ʧܡ
ĴΡ
Ρ
ʮߴΣ滺ȴ΢ֻ̧һöԪ¯
ꡪ
һĻ
סĬϢ󣬲
ʮߴΣɹ
һʧʮΣʱʮ죬ڶⶾ罭Ƴɹ
ƿ¯ȴʮöɫҩ¯С
ŵҩ΢΢ȡ
˫ɫɫ

ۿ̲סƣ޵ϲһãѾ׵ҩˡ
һ׵ҩΪڵҩ׵ҩΪڣ׵ҩԪӤڵҩ
׵ҩʦҲ֮Ϊʦ
ʦһУ˵ǰӵأҲǹϡˡ
νһֵҩԲͬʳҩģͿԲͬЧ
ǰöݣǱȾŶ߻ǿĶ
ʹѪҺһͬã߽Ŷ߶أбȾŶ߶ص͵ȵ߶ʱж߱ΪӰ졣
ŶߣжԽƵöҩ߶ǡ
߶෱࣬߶㣬ǻ۰ｭʵóĽۡ
ڲ֪ڶ߶ɹ󣬻еľֻ٣пУûһ۵
һԴƾһȥߡ
˵ԶʦȲȴĳѧߡ
пһ󣬶ϳһɫ񣬰ڰֵҵˣÿԼ
˵꣬ͻȻʼ黯һ漴ΪһŻ棬ʧڿС
ǰһƬڣĬԡ

ΪȡΪ
һֿԴ̼жԪԪ߽ⶾصĵҩ
ɺƼɾͱʮּ򵥣ձƼɡ
ڶعأȴĵҩΪ̶ּļ¯ûͶ
Ϊ˫ҩԣ˴ٽҩȾɫĺƲݣΪҩȾһɫ
תۣʮѹǰ¯
һ¯ʱ죬¯ʱ𽥼٣ҩѿغͻƵԽ졣
ʮ죬Ϊһ̡
һӼȥˣüͷ΢壬Щǣ߻ûĺѾʼˡ
Ⱜֳһ˲óһöĵι¡
ĵĽ׵ҩûʹΪƣҩЧһʱڱסʹߵ
׹ǵЧҲǴ½֮ȴме鵤ҩ
࿴űĵЩȣ㡪
Ⱜָηûܴסһӣͱסһӡ
ΪԪľŶ˦˦βͣڲֹҵĶжĿݣһôãûˡ
ֶаϣŶ߶ͶĿݿŵǰʮǲ˲ֻһһʴжԼ
ŶʵʵԱʱµĶԼⲻˣοиĿݡ
ԶⰬ˷ѵöҩʾʮۡ
ŶǴ˷ѵҩⰬҲû˵ֻǿɫâֵӰ˸˸
Ŷ߻˵ظܵһɾ޴Ԫ
֧ӣԻ˷ȥ
ڴʱһɷιȻ䵽ࡣ
غ󣬵һʱΪ˷µҩ
ˣⰬֽľڻ£𣺡ܴ磬ҵ˽ⷨ
ʾ䣬˵ƶ
̽ƽȵ˿ЦҲڵĶѾڻʧˡ
ԣ̶ּ˽ǻһϲϲһɨҹǱ
һȦʱɻֲأ
ְֲߣǴ粽룬ȴӰ
˵Ļס뿴Ⱜ֡
Ⱜɫ΢ֲࣺصٶȣӦû֮ǰִ﹫ᣬҲӿˡ
Ȼ漴֣èͻ̶ּɽķߡ
̶нŶµϢʧ
̶нһʱ󣬾Ŷ߳ѨȻһȺˡ
ΪĴ̽һȫûѰŶߵӰ
ժȾ˻ҳİɫ˿ףèӥ𣬡֪ͨңСԼˡ
л˵
н£²Ⱥ˭
ǰᵽûʽ֣أ


30 Ŷ
ɭ뿪ʱȫǰ, ԼĪһ뿪ɽ
ⰬֵҪŲܾҲǣٶȼԼĪҪߵɽıԵ
ǽȻ, ⰬҲûҴţһһóý˴۽硣
ʮֻʥ̡̣Ҳʥ޳Ѩץģ
Ⱜ뵽аħ޵ʽ, Ȼ, ͵ǴṬѰ̡
㵣Ṭ
šⰬֵͷǹӶðնȥѰ̵Ȼҽｫ̵
ϡṬ̵, һ̵̫鷳ˣʱַ, 󲿷ɰŶὫ̵ѰΧ
һԲ̻ΪҲԪӤʥ޳Ѩߣҿ
̻˽Ǹŵͷ
ϵӵľŶߺ̽ͷ˻ŵҪҵĺ𣿡
һ㶣ĺ, ǲֶӵ顣
Ŷջ, һ˲漴ͷ򽭳ҡҵĺӽ㡣
ͷȥ, ȴ⣬ȷ
ɫͷµ,Ϊҵһλߡ
Ŷ߲, ֻιһ, һҪ̷ɽ, ѧϰ淨
ںǩԼ, 磬ͲټչԼĺӣ罫͸ǰλˡ
ܹƽԼߣˡ
û飬Ⱜ˫һ䣬ö̵װһĿռһͬݸ
Ⱜһ۽Сè軨׷öɴ㣬δҪ̻æֱӳʾͺá
ȷʵȱЦҲƴǣӹɫϵ䡣
ڣѾöһöָˡ
뿪ɽ·;˳ִɽʱĺè̽̽ͷ
ˡ
ɫδ䣬Ȼͣ½ŲⰬֵ˴Уɽڣһ£Ͳˡ
Ⱜ΢΢򴽣Цףܴ磬ڡ
ڡץһֻèצӣ̻˻˻ӣɵȵ˿գҾȥ̻ῴǡ
Сץ䣬ƽ
غһҪѽ
ż棬ڿУСӦãһȥС档
˵꣬תѡһطƮȥ
С죬ؿ뿪
ⰬһСС߰ɣǻؼˡ
ڴҶЩ˸еʱϵеۡ
ڡǡ
գգۣɢҵ⻺ۣƬļһһƴϣӿԡ
ҹԭֲش»ĺӺɢòУݲһ㡣
ͷ졣
ܿһȦǵرȴֻһ˲Ȼ̫Ѩľʹ

ţڡ
Ҫأ졢š
ʹסͷŤظ
̶죬æ鿴ͼջú˯ŵڷһ䶯
Ⱜָ˹óµĵҩ˷á
һʮöʮö̶˽ⶾʮöĵҩ˵ġ
˵ķԸʣ°ʱ䣬ⰬѾ˷ö
ԭʬ𽥻ָϣתͷĿⰬֵ룬Ⱜָȥ˵
˵ָӽţڵԪһ˲ıߣѹ£ʮƽ
ⰬΪ̫ͣ޲
̽ʮɫЦɾˣ˵𣿡
˻תͷٿǰεꡣ
ǵ۽Ʋ˲Ƭ̺󣬲űصصͷ
Ⱜóʣöⵤҩ͸ƿݸˣƵĵҩвʣзá
ߣǸҩƿĻһ
ߡ
ڽ
׻Ӱ

͵üͷֿʼʹˡ
ͷܣⰬֱóŵҩŵֱߡ
ڴͬʱһⰬֶ𣺡ѵ򣬻߽꣬ʣʯ
һ㶡
Ⱜֶ˶٣̧ժ·ϵӣ˸ǵâɫЩŹ֡
࿴ӲŷӦʲôʯѲɾʬ嵽ɽڣҲɹ
ⰬҡҡͷҲȻЦû뵽ôʡ
ֻҪλʯһͬĿĵأɹеҴ塣
̻ᶼ·ǵһʹȫûϵĻ
ˣҲûжʯȻ̻¡Ⱜֽ
һССҶûϣٱһγ
û뵽ǣһͬĲֹߵʯлŶӵʯ
Ŷʮˣֻжʮ˳ÿ˶Ⱦ˾Ŷ߶ء
ƴܣֶһ/ҹŸЪ
жˣŶ߶壬ᣬҩʯ޽⡣
򳹵ֻ顣
һҹʹྭ̱ڵأûףԼ
Σ֧壬ѵιǾ𣿡
һƬš
˳صĴϢ˻Ӧ
ڴʱϵһЩطʼ⡣
ҵĻڵ͵̧ͷԼĽָĺһ˲ͣ͡
Щ̶ӵķȻӳˡͫ״д˲š
ʯֻҪȫԱȫִյ㣬Զ
ʯˣ̶ӵЩھŶеöڲӳˣȫԱִвɽĳڣ
ʦ֣Ǹˣˣڵһ˼ڣܽⶾĿһҲܽŶ߶
⻰ˣǶһۣʼ١
ֻҪܻȥʲôɵó
л˵



31 ɱ
Ű⵴һù֦ϡ
ʲô񣿡ʡ
èץ½, Ѱ˸λµں϶塣
һɲǵ㶡
ֱϸ֣˵ˡʱζЦʲô˼
٣ⲻǽ˵ĵط, ɱˡ
ٵߴοˡ
Ŷ߶壬ᶾʯ
岻ССֵ飬һͶɹΪڱͶ, ֱԽΣյһ
˵Ҫ붾ع, һΣ취
ιСè˦˦βͣ,Ҫѡһԡ˵ôɺ㵱ʧܲܳͷһֳͷ㻹ûԹͷ
һè䣬ɤⲻ
СèƵβͣס, Ʈһ£󣬡ҳɡ
˵⻰ʵЩϷûסЦ, 䡣
Сèһ, β͡žһ£ϡ
Ҷ, ϥʶ
ſһߵСèԭתһȦ, Ȼſ¡
һɫӰ
ӰƮһ, չ˫, ſı, âɢ, ΰ
â£ҶӰֵӰʧľҡΣ˰ƽ
Ƭ̺â۶ͣ¡
Ϊ׵ͫɭʧˡ
Ŷ߳ѨİϢʧˡ
ӾŶ߳Ѩһ·׷ˣѰȴһƬ˶һۣü
ӵָѰŴתһȦ뿪
ߣʵ󵱼зԸ𣿡
һ˺رۣ½ٶ졢һտ½ǧ
ǧ˲䰲ȥ
ǧźɫᣬ󵱼֪ͨǣźŴǸʧ󣬳򡣡
򣿡ӻͷֲɭ䣬ܱܶĶ
ǧҡţԭ
ָ̧ᴥ°ͣУŶʧˣֱȥץһֻޣظҵɳʥޣͨĽ׵ҩ⡣
ӦǣȻ󷵻ؾŶ߳ѨѨĶһɨգǰһ׽ء
вɽϲڡ
Ųһ١
Ⱜôˣ
شǻûӵľŶߡ
ţеƣҵѱ˵ˣ
ˣ
ͷŶߣʵҪȥ𣿡
ŶŤԥ˻Ҫ
˵꣬Ŷ뿪󣬻ûһɫĹâʧʡ
ҰͷǵɫĹâʧ
úֹ˵ǹĻĸİİأ
ովŶڣⲻ̫㣬ڿʳˡ
࣬档
ȻŶ߲ǡͬ壬ͻʥ޾ͻᷱ

ãػһۣǵһ֪֪ʶ㡣
ŶִҾԶ֮Ķޣ߶һ֪ȷеϣþͨˡ
ʵӣ˸Һû̫⡣
ⰬЦ˼ת࣬ҪȾŶ𣿡
ĬʾŶһȻ󿪿ڵ˵ˣԼ׷
ˣⰬס
̶ӼǰⰬΪ˲̶ӵḶ̌صϣչˡ
˼ָǣй⣬ֻ˵ɲһ˰ϣԼ֣֪Щʲô
Ⱜʱ䣬óһöҩˡ
ҩϥϴӰӣѭӰӻ̧ͷĿⰬ֡
ⰬĿ峺ֻǵ˳ҩʱˡ
лл
ɣᣬⰬ֣˵
ⰬҡҡͷЦ
˷˵ҩ󣬺ƫͷԽⰬֱ֣Զ֮ߵĹʯ
Ⱜһ
Ⱜɻô
δ˵꣬㴫һЮĽ
Ⱜоһ𣬿һƫһѳն
ֱǰɫδ䣬ǰѳͷϡ
һв˲䡣
ͻı仯̶˴ֲʵߵ໹ڻָ׶Σ޷Ԫ
̶ŭĿԲΧʮ˺ŭ
ǣݺݶݺߵıǣһŭؿڡ
̶Ѹپۼֻʮ˶̶ӵʵɲһС
ɫްͣŶߡ
ŶѶѾըˣѸٴӳѨﳷء
Ϊ׻ڵҧⶾ
ݺͷǱ
󣬲ʮ˶ͬ״̬̰Ⱜ֣̰ϵǸƿ
һ·ⰬιǸͷҩǸͷľľתá
һǽⶾ
ǶʮŽţؿڣ޲˵Ⱜϣѵҩߡ
Ⱜŵƿָ΢ɫ΢䡣
ϻö֣㹻ϵ̶ȫˡ
ʱ˺Ȼ˵
᣺ҩ٣
Ⱜһʶͷּʱֹ˶
Ķʮ˼ѽҩ߶ĵҩ
֮ǲ֪ٵڵѹ
в
һ˵ǰ˶ѹɫѾЩ԰ףҧסѹǰһ
ڵ΢΢ЦżӴѹ
ҩ㲻򡪡
ѹһμأ༹һ䣬Щڵء
Ⱜסŭ࣬ŵҩƿָ󣬵ҩƿȴ֪ظˡ
ڵӶⰬ֣
ⰬֳŶ߽ⶾУֻʣš
̧֣͸ĵҩƿϣ糺쵤ҩЩ˿С
ڵɫУǰһҪҩ
Ⱜջֱ֣ӿһ֡
͸ӽֱӵ
ɫһ䣬ۣɭⰬ֡
Ⱜ˿壬ֻǵⶾԸǣҪ뿪ȻǻⵤҩҲύ㡣
ߣҩУ˴غּּ
Ŷ߶ѾʼЧͷۻ֫Щ˼顣
ֻ֪нҩˣ
ŵҩѵĶʮˣⰬֳʹ˸ɫ
šüĵػ뿪һⰬһͣڱ
ڵӶⰬ֣͵ѵҩң
Ⱜ˺ס
ڵӰŶشѣΣˡ
ѧˣסⰬ֡
һ˲һ͸ĵƿ߸
ҩ
ŭһܲȥ
һ˲бĥ˶ȥһš
ҩƿظ飬öҩƻɢ䡣
һƬսУΪ׵Ļڵץŵҩ塣
׷˴󺰣ҩҩǣ
ڵæҩȴӲѱץסΧȦС
ⰬⳡѾѪĻսЦһ漴𱣻֣׷̶ӳ˷
Ŷ߸ϻʱҩѾ˰Ȼ׶ΣŲġˡ
ഫǳɽ𣿡
Żظˡ
Ŷ˿ڵϻһȦصѪҺϤĶЩڡ
ࡣŶ߶ѪģĻڵӣɭ䴫Щˣֶء


32 
βߵĶط, һ̳һǡ֡ġ
Ҫʳص/壬߶˻, ʹж߳ʧȥжûɥʧǣжѵؽܶأܶء
ֶȡ, γѭ
̶ӵһ
Ⱜָո˵Ļ, ̷ӦҪְɣ, žǻ
Ŷ߻֧ӣеѪ˰ٳԱߡ
˵͸, Ѫȫԭģ
ֻ̫ҪĵƵ·͹ˡ
Ŷš
ҳѨҺ, Լ󡭡
֮Ķ´, ˡ
δʧȥʶĻڵ忪ʼ鴤Ż, ɤ
ʣ޺, ۾ӡ
֫ʼľӲ, ñ䡢ʧȥ֪, Ŷߵߵ, ǰȻת, һƬڡ
˺ޱߺڰޱجΣûлŵʸ

һ߾߶´ŶȫԼĶؿռ䣬˷ܵš
ھŶ׼ʱԱߵɽطһʹ
һȥ
ɽС
Ͷӳ˵Ӱһһվ
ŵӵڵϣ߬ŽѪĵҩͷǰˣϢ
Сʦ֡ߵǸ̶ּӣǶ˾Ŷ߶
·˴˸ƺǣ㡪ʲô԰𣿡
ŵӼҡͷױһ˫֣Сʦ㿴ǾŶߵĽҩ
Ŷ߽ҩ
ȥ΢΢ȷ֪ŶߵĶӦ޽ġ
ֺǺǵ˵Խģۼģ
˵ЩѣСʦȵȣýҩ
ƺظס
Сʦ֣ʧѪ࣬ǰӰ
ȥõҩ᣺ⶾҩҳԵģҰһ£𣿡
ԺģǶŸٹ̵ΣָȱЩ
糺ɫҩϤҩԾȻС
Ҳֻһ֡ʣһ֣벻İ
Сһ뵤ҩƿٰʣһ뽻ӣ԰ɣҿӦû⡣
Ȳؽӹ
ҩʱЩʹ̲סʹһš
ĵӣԪӿ𣬽Ӱ
ܵǰ˵ڻǿ
Ŀ¶ޡ
Ħװһ糺쵤ҩƿӣɫް

Ŷ˳ʹεɽԣͼͬһ˵ڵϡ
Աͬװˣ糺쵤ҩӰУݡ
࣬ʶ𣿡Ŷഫ䡣
໹У½Ųۣüˡŵ
Ŷ˲ļ䣬ĥ£óһרõļʯɽ
ա
һˮεеػͷѲһȦûз֡
̧֣һذ׻С
СʦСʦָ֣һ˿ĵӳ壬ơ
𴽣ºͣ˵̶ּӺеĶܺ˵˵𣿡
ӻָؿڣŭŭ˵
ֻƬɫԽ䡣
ּ̻ᣬʵǿˡ
ߣҩ
Ħŵҩ˼
Ŷ߶صĵҩȻ䶯½û˿
ⵤҩΪãֻƤëǲǡ
ƻһ󵨵뷨ð˳
ڵϵĵӻߡ
Ȼȥһӣذֶ͸ࡣ
С
͸Ŀͣͣƣǲ⡢ǿֻšʧȥâͫס
΢ЦллĵҩֻˣҲܷġ
ذ״Ѫ
ѪĽڵ϶
Ŷ߿ọ̈̄˻һ¡
ٵһʰֳ뿪󣬴ɽ¼ʯ
ŶƵߣ
˷ѣ
˷ѵҩ˷Ķ˷˺һ߶´
ȫ̴Ҳ˸Ƶɱӣüͷû£ܾ鲻򵥡
Ŷ߸̶Ӷཫ¼ʯ
СƽĻ̶һƽִؽ硣
Ѿָ˵Ȼ뿪
̶˭ҲûоⰬҲֻϷһԼƷʯ̵Ķز֡졣
Ⱜּʶ㣬Ҳ֪־Ǻ壬ֻ
ǣ̶ּ˳Ľһֱᡣ

УѾŶ߶ؿһһ/ҹ
ıһȶ죬һ졣ǽʼŶģȴҲ޷ֻץʱ䡣
ºǵҩһһεԣǴΣ͵ٵһꡣ
˵ƼţҪ̫붯á
˼ȥʱһ/ҹջ˼ϵʹѾٷġ
Ŷ߶壬ʧȥ֪ľȸУ
ģԪŶߡ
ںϵһ׶ΣѪҺߣڶ׶ΣںԪأ׶Σᶾʯ
ķ죬Ҳһ׶Ρ
ͶۼѪһںϻɹ
ֻûʱȥеڶ׶εںϣֻǿдϣһ
嫺سЩ㵡
ۣץסԼұĵèôˣ
Сè֫һ£Ȼӽռץһöӣֹ㡪վӡ
ȥһۣס
ֻеߣֻʣͷǰƤ
̧Ħһ£ߴƿƤһ¾Ƥ԰ݡ
ЩƤУָɨһ£оʮ
ǡţð󵨵뷨ɣ
ԣСèקһ·׵ļϡ
תͷè˳ǣֲ𣿡
Сèͷҡҡͷ
ܿᡣ˵
ͷӣŬ࿴һ㣬ԼӦֵ͡
žӣϺشһʪС
еèͷϵС̹Ƥ
ʶƫһ£ȻͼСͷչè
Цõڸ
δжζ

л˵




33 v
ͻ¼
è岻ǲ߶𣿡
һû, 㣡
Сèϲ䣬צ·Ȼǻһ
̾, ˻è/ͷ
ŬֵֹĸоһߵǾŶ߶𣿡
֪ܶ඾, ֳֵܷ߰߶, ζӻ⣬ͦóԵġ
Ϻ̰ۣתͷͿèĥ, ̧־һèĶ䣬, ҧʹ
Ŷ
ȻЩ㡣
ŰèԴһԾ£ʱŷԼֱһɫͼ
嫷ĸͣ㶾ֻһ, һɫ, ȫɣͼʧ
, ʾ˽⡣
óͼԼķλѰһ¡
ϲ, ϲĳھܽ, ȫԼĪһ̾㹻ˡ
˼, ִ̧èҼ, ұ㣿
Сè, ˸ƣ¡
ԪӤڵǳɫԪ𣬽סȻûһâֱϷ

ҩᣬȫ½ߵ֮ء
Ϊһ᳤ϵĹϵл᳤ٹܻ£󲿷˶ɴз
ö֮ҩĴȨ͵˳зУʵǿĻ᳤ܿգʧȥ˾λ
ĵӶǳŻ᳤ڵдһصĵӾͶˣ˭ǹĵһˡ
ۼҸƼţȻдšࡹ֡
鷳ϵǱҪ̫뵤ĵľС
˼ȥߣһè̾ȻϵЩͦõġ
Сè̽ͷ
ժ߰棬ЦȻߣá
š̻ᶼϵߣֻ밲ѧϰɴ͵ݹ֣˭
ƵҾðɣûôң
ƳһèҾľǴģɡ
һ·ϣƬ̾͵˽·ڡ
ֻǻδǿдšľ壬ŵһϤպζ
ζڿɢСè˸յɣʡ

һһèͣèһ˦β͡
ζеȥζ߻𶾡
·һ˸ߵҰݸӣһֻӿҰݣһסè䡣
ε岻ܿ˵㡣
Сè̽ԴҰݺ濴ԵҾ̫ˡ
˵һ٣ĸ㣡
˵ţָоЩʪסè͵ĳ嶯ԹҰݸӡ
Ұݸӻδ꣬ƮζѾɢȥ˲٣ٶҲ
Сè˶ӣصֻצ̽ǰ
ת˲󣬰Ϣˡ
ԣɴ໽ɣֽһҰݸϣգۼʹҰݴԡ
ҰݴУһһԣһŮԲࡣ
ŮӴŰɫɴ׶üɢ󣬱Ұݴеķ紵ҡ
ûȥܱҵķ٣һĶˣɫ΢࣬ˮŵǡ
ʱڵصɫѾ࣬Ӱ֣ϸлЩɫ
ϱдߣۺᴩҲ࣬ͲӰ
ϵĺߴֿ֮ºͽϵЩƣִʺɫԵ¡
˫Ԫ۶£ϣΪ껤

ʧˡ
кɫĻѪͣԼԼܶɼƻһĹâ
ֱ۱ǻѾȼ壬޷ƶֻŻڡ
һԵİŮ޲ߣ˫塣
һĻ²غСѵһĳ߻𶾣ջ𶾣ܼӿ;Ŷ߶صںϡ˵ܸ߻𶾶ʯ
߻ĺ֣һʹûʱԽԽױַɣȾϻ𶾡
Ļ棬ɺ޷ƵȼգԼܲʦȾϻ𶾣Ļͻˡ
𲻻ղգֻҪ߶ܾȣɡ
գۼٳһͨΣߵĴ¡
͵Цû˵
Ұݸ̼䱻ΪƽأһԵŮ͵ͫ΢
˭Ůüָƾ߬ס˰ӻȣضס
ƳһŮ󿴲еķ˵߻𶾣Ȼ泹ױҲˡ
Ůüɿû˵
վһ֮λãҿԾǡ
ԣŮȴ׷
ַ̧ȥǰ鷢ЦһȷҲ
˺꣬˵ϧ
Ůˮһ۽
ˣǱǰˡ
л˵
22Ҳʽӵ25 뵹Vлҵһ·֧֡
ŵ㽫Vһŵڶܼ֣Ⱥо
ҩʢ


34 ҩᣬʱ֡
ṫ, ϵȴӡ
᳤࣬λͽܡͽΪʱ֣ǱĹŮ, ţϧ޷һ;ߵüѡ
СͽΪӳҲǸ, ʱ߶ط, ڻݡ֡
µϣϤҲͬݡ
ӳ, ѪԵǽõܡ
⼸꽭һж, жңֻ಻١
һвͶңܵòԴѹͽΪΨһĵҩԴӳ
ӳԼҹѧ, ȴҲǿʮӴȱ, ں߻𶾷ɣʱ䳬һĵҩгϻ᳤
᳤ͽܽ;ⶵ, ͳзͽܳԱȡ
зλͽܣһΪؼҵ, һӵĵܵ, š
ʦҡź̻, зڵҩˮ, ᳤ʳ
ûм˵Ļ, ߻𶾼ټǰһһһŮӵϡ
ƾһ㣬ƶǵݡ
᳤᳤࣬ͽʱ֣ԼܻʴСͽܡӳ
ӳĸ£뽭ɭϵãɭʧô꣬ҲϷѰҡ
СõܳӹƧ涼
ϾкøУײСõܣô˵Ҳþúõơ
˼ˣѾߵӳࡣ
Դͷӳϣóһذףֻ̧ϵĺߴ˵Ѫۡ
ѪҺ˳䣬õһö糺ɫҩϡ
ʱһԣ˾һĨˮӹ
ĵУٻ˵ûõѪҺ
ǹͬһҩԲͬߵҩЧҲԹʹ÷ѪҺδɹ
ѪҺ뵤ҩڡ
ҩһԣڵأ档
ɫԪӿ˳㽫Ԫϻʱϸ΢
Ԫͻ𶾵ĿԪ𶾣ǻԪ
Ѿ;ŶںϽĽʾڵĶ໹٣ȱһζ߻𶾡
𶾣ʱתۼţڽɫԪۿɼٶţȫռݻŰĵ̡
̾ϵĻ滺ʧӰֵĺɫҲʧ
л𶾱ƵͷĿУ޿ӣرһɫĹâɡ
ʱüңǵת˲ŵıɫâ˼
ɫâͶͶѻץסһ
ԴͷɾŸιµҩ
ʣĶ̫ɢˣҲֱõҩ
ҩЧЧʱͷ߱Ϊҹӳõҩֱ˹ȥԺۣ˾䡸ʱ֡
С΢΢üˣȷ
ʱǰסˡ
ˣ׼뿪
ʱּ˶һȻѸߵǰ
𣿡
ʱ֣УһöɫС«׹š
ҵ֮Ҫҩᣬҡ
ҽʱ֣ǵҩ᳤ͽܣʦ
ûƴǣˡ
ʱִߣĿֱϵɫͣһ˲ᶯ
С«ת뿪
һԼռġǣЩͷۣſһеġ
ɫ壻
ͽ𹫻ḱ᳤Ĵָ
̻Ⱜָĵɫռ壻
ԼʱöСʹ洢ҩĿռ«
嫰жॵĶЦˣҪѸռһ顣
۷ڿռֻŶСӣСѾʼԵˡ
ջʶÿɷ񣬡Ҵߣϲ
˵󣬽պüöͽָżգ߰ɣȥ

Ŵ½޷ȼ͵ͨˡ
ΪĴ弰ɹͬѡĹ
ӻϽʵԴάڵĿ
һǱҪ¶棬û֪ĳ
ⲻսʢԭֻǿ֧ŵͽ𹫻ᶼƽС
һϢϣֻЩ˵֪ˡ
Ǳ׼׼ġָ񣬹ҵռķ֮һʣµĶ֮һסլ
һ·нŵʱ£ϿԪ
ϽҪеǼˡ
ԪӤڵʵ̫ˣð嫰æڣ޷ͨ˳
ڣҵҲǹ
ʱ䣬ҵȥ
вɽ˴£Ұ˾Ͳһ֮ңڼһˮ衣
ŵҩῪʼҵջΪǸǰѧĵӣɵӡ
ʱ¿ջеһ䷿
Ѿժߣ涼Ťĺߡ
·Կףһ˾Уĵ¥ߣѰ䰲
Ƭ̺һλǳɫԿջ¥£Цݣ
Χһ磬ʱһͷӶ
λôҲˣ
ôˣҲʦʲô֡
˰Ҫߴߣ˵Ǳųأ˵μλϣ᳤Ҫͽˣ
᳤ǰͻƵʦǰɣ
ǽ˻˵ͽܱݣһ˼Ҫߡ
ˣ˵䣬Ǻôǻ᳤ͽܡ
ܲೳ£Ƶɱ΢Ц鼫áǰס£Ǳоö糺ɫĵҩڲǿƲʹõҩġ
һöڳεĵҩλײҲֻɺϣǸܴӲ淴Ӧ츳
濴΢΢һЦ߳ջ
ջ⡣
ţҩзͽܣ˳İ׺ϡ
ž̳࣬ˮʪ˺ë
һֲֵֻ׺βͣ˳žˮ䷽²ŪֱѺõë첻ס/Ϣӣ˸
ƳʱĿͼ⸱ģĵ
̳λΣβͷѹҼҳϵܾˣǵҩҪҪʸ
л˵
ŵ˵ǳ
ֱСʦͽⰬǬ̻Ⱜ֣ʱ֡


35 ưʦ
, ǰ֧ϵ̻ү·ŵϲȦòĵ࣬ҹϸ衣
˿, ֵܣͳһ㣬û˸ҵŵӡ
ơ
Ų͵طѣºһЦ, ǫǸ, ǵҩЩ覴ãԵһʱ䡣
͵ҩ覴ȻһʦԴЦ
ʦз, ʮѾʦڵҩҲǰʮ, Ȼе˵⻰
΢䣬ϲԣֻǸͣʦ˵öԣҼˡ
Ƴһۣҳƺ, , һʦ֡
εӣҲɵ΢ŭ, ϻЦţû˵
֪Լ˵Ǹʲô, úί, ʦ˵ĵҩȤ, Ųôһ⡣
Ǻ˼, ̹, ̧׺ƨ/ɣںϣ᷽ȥ
һԲֻǸں档
ҩһ꿪һΣÿβ¼һˣһһ޷һ׵ͻᱻᡣ
ͨ˵޷һ׵˺٣൱ϡ
ƻδţҩд
ӣԴûӣ뽫ӵʦԴһ
һȶƶ׵ҩҪ̫ˡ
һ׵ҩʱѾҪʤһ׵ҩҪⲻϵҩͨ˿ŵ׼򡣡
Ӵ˵ҽĵģǲİ仰˰ɣԼ˲ܱˣ

ˣһ𣬴żϣ¾ʹգ˹򲻶
վ⣬һ֣ư°ͣûǵǻ᳤ưɣ
ЦЦû˵
֪ҩϵģ᳤ûоȨûйȨǸưˡ
οǰǴϵͽܡ
᳤ϣⳡˣҲһ
Ȼ˵ΪˬҲ֪ͷʲôԴһЩ׵ɣ˷ѿ˷ء
ŻҪ˵Ĵһ
Ʋȥˡ᳤֡
᳤
ҩи᳤
Ѿ߳ű죬û˵ˣֲʵȥŵİ׺ꡣ
Ƭ̺󣬴еڽŴ󿪣ڴʦǻɢ
½󣬴ȥӭһλշ΢Цĸ׳ꡣ
ʦ֡Ӳ䲻ȵĴк
ڣзĴͽܣӵĴʦ֡
Сʦܣãȥ׼Це˵ʺ۾гһ죬зۡ
üһʦθ᳤ˣ
Цۣѽ᳤ˣ󹤻һҵĸ᳤
ļһע̱˸᳤ϡ
ҩأ٣мȳֿռ䣬̫ӵ
ڣոɢȺӿȺһ
ǰҩϣֵҩḱ᳤з
һλ/ǰ߻᳤־µˣԱߣط顣
һλͥУһλʽ
Ħһеĵƿ
ųϸƼţƼǻ᳤ࡣ
ڿ񱻳׼ܿˡ
ӴֵǰһѰǿҵȺʦǸŵ㲻Ҫĵҩ𣿡
ӵĹڰһ˲
зݰȺסˡ
ϰۣӣֺ΢λ
Ӱߵǰơ
ӭ桢ߣ˳ǰߣվз΢΢
᳤ơǫСӽƳһֵƾŶ߶
Ŷ߶
˵꣬ɫһ䡣
зС۾еøˡ
̧ʾֹͣȻһలԴһĻ࣬۾о֡
᳤ⵤҩЩ˼ҪҪһͬȥ
໺̧ͷ
зʱޱ飬ֻϣǰƸЩ
ʣѾˣ
ƹش𣺡δֻЩ˼·Щ򡣡
飬վȥ䣬һ顣
ǣ
ࡢзšǰţƸں棬˼ת
ʵ໹Ǵ½ָʦµٶǡ
ƿʼԥ
һ룬Ȼںỽʦгϡʦ֣ʦܡ
ͣ½Ųѭȥ
ʱһɴȹڲ࣬߸
ʱڵɴѾȡʩ죬
ͣסʱֵЦϺһƳʱʵվţֽŶ֪Ҫôڷš
ɫ£ôˣǳ𣿡
ʱֻδһԵзһ
ʱЦǺǳСʦãҼʦѾθ᳤ˣ´οǧ𺰴ˡ
ʱǳЦδ䣬зٴ΢΢᳤
зڰ֣˵û¾뿪Һʦ֡
üͷһ壬Ȼʱף˵оŶ߶ؽҩҾЩ棬
ʱͶȥһߣలס
з١ǾŶ߶أǳ߻𶾡
߻𶾣΢΢ЦȴһڣƲߣʱ֡
ʱ治ɫЦŶҲǺų޽ĶѶȲȳߵֶͣؽйͬ
䣡зƣֲʲôܣ뿴Ķ
ô˵ǻ᳤С£зҲŴùͷ
ʱ˳䣬վһ࣬λֻڴгֵġһ
бӵһǽΪ˰Ե顣
˵뿴ĶܽһŹＸλͷ˹
ͷ֮һûκһλϰʦȴڵǰé
21꣬ĽʦƧһͷɫͷţֻܿһ˫纮̶
ʵ
ˣʱЩ⣬ߵ࣬ʣʲôʱصģаչĽ𣿡
ǰںһͬͻʦ
һĽʦĽޣһöĽ׵ҩõĽʦ֤
ֻüšţ֣ݶ㲻ϡ
ټĹᣬϿɵĵҲʱ֡ڡӳˡ
ʱ֣Լࣺ죬ӳΣ
ʱһ˲ӳӡ
ÿɷ񣬵Ƿһμ
ʱЦҡҡͷɱӳ⻰ܵġ
һ飬ʱΡ
һ࣬Ѿ¯
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37 ѣûǮ
ӳ뿪, Ǳ־ֺ޵صһ۽ȻԴܼԶ
浣ǵº, Ǳﳹ׼Ǻˡ
ų̻Сѡһعƽӳʶ
׵ҩƿսռ, Ц˵ʶ, ͬɡ
ƲƲǿɲһĲСʦʱС˳߻壬Ϊѡ
߻𶾣ǧ°,е˼
棺
̲ס˸ۣ֪֪ʲôг߻𶾣𶾰޽⣬ʦһͻˣ
ǧգգۣողó˵ҩΪ, ϻûнⲻ˵Ķ
˵úã
ԲƣŮӶеЦϣûнⲻ˵Ķ޷ǽҩֵʱˡ
ѭȥһŮŰɴӯӯƮ, оǾޡ
ʱ֣
ϤӰ, ΢΢üֱϲŪһ, ס̵Ļ꣬ʱСʦã
ʦ, Ϻá
ʦǶ, ЦŻ
ʱһһ, ȻĿ¶޵Ĺǧգգ, żƤɫ˼ʼ, ף˳ᣬʱ֡
ǧʶһɤӣˬʵЦǹǧ£

ʱӣЦס
ڽĿĺͣһ˲Ȼ򲻶ȺͼԼصУЦһϵŲߡ
ʱֻһȦ󳯿˵Ŀͷͣ
Ŀʱ뿪˲Ż㱻
ʱʦ㰡
ʲôʱʦУȣϲ˲
С
Բ·ʦͣסŲ
һС֣ڳһ롣
ʦԹֻУ˻÷С޲£أ
˵۾£ӳɣ
ʲôأʦЩЦӳʱСؼҵĴүʦ
Ŷ
Ǹš
֪ŵˣʰʰģƽˡ
ţ˲ί
Ź֣
һڰУǧĬĬС
дӳ̽ͷЦʱֽ㡭ȷʵɩɩ
ոնʲôһ߷СϼŰԣһɻ
д˴ͷΪ飬ûҸ˵
˵꣺شըˣ·ϡ
ҳߺġ
Ե֣ж½ˣ͹ǧºĵջߣûٶʡ
һ࣬Ѿ߿ʱ֣
û뵽ʱⵤҩĵλ˵Ĺϵ
ţ̧ڴſڴ
ոӳλүᵽˣ˭
Խάˣʣոӳʱʦ㿴ˣ˭ѽ
һʣ˻ش𣺡ʲôˡ
Աߵȥһ죬ŻƣһһŮӳעҲǸߵеӣа׽ûʲôر𡣵ʱʦעλŮӣйǧ£ԪӤһǿߵı־
ԪӤһף
һΪ𾪡
һʦһ;ϵ츳̫ãǹǧ¿ģҲʮ꣬ȻԪӤһף
Ҳһ졣
ǧ¡Ĭ֡
ǶʮԪӤǿߣֵȥ£
һ׽
һ˲ûóʲôҪ㣬㽫ų£⡣

ʱһεĿ֮һ볡ʹ˼ʼ
˵˵ЦЦʧרĵȴˡ
˵һԣֻҩĴ󿼲죬Ҫһٷ֣ó
һԽ˵Сһ
һνʮӣڶʮ죬ÿһʱÿһֶڼлݲݡ
ڶνʮӣʮ¡ר־ϰƻ֡ҩġںϵҩȫȻûܵʱı仯
֮ãҹѧϰ
ǰۼ֪ʶۣлָҪ˵ҩιɽѹڳκһλߣơ
ΨһǷȱģʵ١
ϾûƹЩҩ־ǶסףԴ
̾Լļˡ²ۣ֪Ǻױ˴𣿣
ŵҩûƹ־Ǹʦóҵ¯
ʼ磬ȻֽСèŽɴռ䡣
СֻӦÿˡ
߯߯ް׻㿴ߣҷʡ
ϵļƽ̨Цʯˣ޲ݡ
嫣־ݣ
㡣ռһö飬ȻԼĿλá
Сèס飬ʼС
èСֻദã̿ջʶʼһΰ䲼ǡ֪ûҩĵ״ҩЧʹ÷
õԾѾһ˶Ŀݴͷʾɡ
һҩԿˣʱһʱǰ
һӣѾϡ
ƵػһȦӲٵ˰ʱ˷ºŽ󣬽˾ӡ
˵ڶҩ԰ҩҪͬǻҩİٷ֮ٵȷʡ
ǻֺʵٵĿˣβĿܼζտˢ½һˡ
˳Ž˳߳Լ䣬ǡײԱ߿ԼĳǱ
ǧµѾ棬ԶԶر彭֣׽磬⣡
ЦӳǱߺߣмȥ
˵ڶصڵԼҩ԰
ĿֻܻҪҩ飬йֱܷһ
ҩǧǧֻǿ飬мģ㣬Ҳǿѵ㡣
ڶֻͨһٰʮˡ
һٰʮ½½߳ҩ԰
ѵĵֿƣˡ
࿼ʱ֣߽ʾ⣬Ц紺
ͷȥϯʱ֣ˡ
ߣһģ
ͷµͷס۾꣬Եʮֲޱ߷ɢҵͷҲסӣӰӰ´£ҲС
ӭֿơ
˵ע£ʱ˵ѾʵۻԳΪһʦأǵĲͷӦҲʦ·߶Զ߶á
򡣡ʱֻͷ˵¯
򻺻̧ͷһ˫ĮȻɨһȦһ١
΢΢סȺһӳߵˡ
Ϥ֢״ϤԪ
ⲻӳֻ塣
⡪
ͼǩƽԼɵģ
ӣӦǩɹˣ
ΪΪ𣬽һֱ԰嫵ԪʾˣǶɽǿҲѷ⡣
ڿռİе̧ͷио𣿡
֪Ӻζ߶סâڱڿǣʵ
Сèڤ˼վСԪɽԪԪӤ
ֻһۣٴθʱϵϤԪʧˡ
΢΢üΪԼܴˡ
ȺﱧǽĹǧº̧ͷ򽭳üһ
ֵȻԪӤ
˼״Բ쿴˵ң
ǧգգۣüͷš԰ԪӤôʧˡ
ǳЦĴɣûԪӤ־
ģ̌°ͣ󣬡𣿡
ϸһ£ǰȷʵû
ʶôоأǧ°˼ý⡣
ŹǧȥᣬϹǳЦȴ˳
ⵤᣬҲԻȻܴ嫵ʶ֪
ܸ֪嫵ԪǾܷǩƽԼ֪һʵġħޡ
ɲǸͷ
ԭûԪŵĽʼԼԪðԼΡ
̨ǰ
俼Լרü䣬ǰһٰʮ߶ĵ¯
̧һӣָڿУӣӨӨ˸
ֹľɫǵɴۣĿӻһһ䣬׼ÿһ¯С
˵أֿƣҩĲͬҪҩĥ
ӲֿƷڵ¯ԣⳡʱʱ㹻ʱϰԣֻҪϽһƺõҩġ
ڣԿʼ
һ£׸ߵ㱻һԵȼ
Żȼյ㣬ҵ󣬼λ
˵ɲɣǳǱұߣơ
嫶̲סһԩ·խ
ϷŻʹ÷˵飬Ĳɡ
ʵ嫣ȷո̽Ԫ
嫳Ĭһ˲Ҳȷ̽ǳ񡭡ͬ/һ
ͬ࡭
Ħĥ룬ðһ󵨵뷨嫣˵᲻ᣬҲǸħޣ
ҡͷҲǸħޣΪʲôҵã˲ħޣֻǡ
Ϥħޡ
ͬжϡ
һԷǵѶ޷жϣɾ鷳ˡ
˼һĦĥһĵط飬ģûס
Ǳ￴мһӴֶûùɣûֻʲôؼڿȥɹ
̧ͷǱٿԱߵġ׽Ȥضſ˻ջߣơ
ֵһ۳Ǳ
ǱЦһͣʲô˵ľ㣡
üջ߿ʼĥҩģ˵ͣ
㣡Ǳһ˲װʲôװԭα¶ˣ
꣬Ѳӵͣࡣ
˵ʱнֹһΣȡʸ񡣡
Ǳ͵̧ͷȻ߽һ顣
ƳһۣȻߣǰߵϣԼǰֽơ
׽
Ƭ̣۵׹âѲ⡣
ѾĿ⣬Ƭ̺󣬴ǵʧĲŻ¡
µҲܵİ
һͷ̾СΪϡ
Ѱ뿪ķȥһɫޱ߷˵ģμס
ֵĿ˿ʼڣѾȥ˲ʱ䣬󲿷˿ײ󣬶ʼ˳
ҩĥɷۣһ׼һУȫͶ
е12ûĻǻͨѾʹõóǣܹϽһв
ٿص¯Ļ֣˼ţǲǸȥŪһԼĻ֡
ʱ䣬ˣӦϡ
뷨ѣѣһŻöƷʯǧöƷʯûǮ

ȫҵһöƷʯ΢Ц졣
л˵
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һˢNPCøжȺ󴩽Ϸˡղء


38 
˵, ȫҵҲһöƷʯ
ֻ˵Ը㸻ԣգڶͼټǧƷʯϡ
̾һ, һ˼׬ʯһȥͽ𹫻ӵ׬ҩǮ׼
װ¶ƵĶ
ֱˡ_һ, ĥõҩۺõҩ֭࿼̨, Żع
̧ͷȥ֮֮ģС
ҩ, ۾
ʱֿҡͷЦѽ, ְɣϾ͵ˡ
и¶Сһ¾˻ȥίͰ͵ظ״Ǵ粻ҳ
ʱ̧֣˳ָϵһ, ҳ߲к, 缱ˣ֮ǵøǸ
, һͷ
ԱλϿú棬С, Ǳܵܣ
ǵġʱЦͷ
һ׷ĳȤ, ųİ׺, ЦǺ,, Ϸҩġ
Ӵ
ҩģЦе۾˲ͷϸƣĿ¶ͣ԰ҩĴʮʼٷ֮һ
Сޣ츳ϽҩƸ༸ˣĴָȻչյȤʦ𣿡
գգۣϡ
鿴ҩĵ˶ס
һλϿЦľϣ㶼ûͽˣѪ
ľĦųӣƮƮ䵽ϣԹغߵһֱͽ
ĬĬƿߣľָĿ⡣
ʱЦŰѻľϣ𣿡
밡ļ֣̌Ĩ̾ţܲһľͷϵɡ
ʱûסһЦ
򣺡
۾û
ʱУأԸľΪʦ𣿡
峺Ĵ۾õʱֿ϶ߺصͷԸ⡣
ľۣϲüңǾˣʱ֣λʲôʱ򵽣ҵʱŸʦ磬㿴ô
ʱæסϲɫ󿪵ľϣεľϣڿء
ŶŶԣˣҪǸϽͽѷľϱ˵ԼĺӣУԽԽϲ
бƵò˼صͷ󷢺졣
õܴ󣬵˵ʱûǰſһ
ľϿͽдӦʦ󣬿˼ٻϨ
ϨĻ֣Ȼ򿼺̨ǰվŵ꣬Ŀɿڴ
⡭
ͽ
ȸ᳤¶Ҫף
ӶϨľϸźӵûͣ٣ֻЦգżѵ⿪ڣʦҪһ;Ļַ񣿣µ֣
ѵĿͷȥû֡
ܵͷеľκȴһ㶼û١
У˭
Ȼľֱͽ
ֽϨĶ̫󣬲˵ˣڼҲԷġ
̧ͷһۿ̨ǰվŵˣ΢΢ü
һģ¯ʢĻϨЩҩĳʡ
ʧܡ
ŵ¯ɫӵҩҺüͷø
һסҩġɨ¯֡
ڻʱʶ࿴ۡ
Աλ߹˾Ȼ¯еĻû˿Ӱ죬ҩҺĲ΢
˵쵽ЩĵĲǶ
һαģһλӿ
һεĿģԻ
˼ˣƸĻ֣һϨ
ջߣǿѹסе˼ǣҩġ
ķ粨ƽϢڳб𾪵Ŀ¿֡
˼ָ˰ľϲصͷȥʱֺдķ
ĥʮ֣ʮ˷֡
Ϊ˹ŵʦǣֿԸķͨڰʮҡ
ʮ֣һʦˮƽ֡
ʮϣﵽ˶ʦĻߣǴСѧϰӣҲˡ
ھʮ壬˵벻СѧϰǶĿ϶
ſ˽˶ķһѽʱֺл
īɫ˫ᣬ͡
ͷģллʦ֣
õ˷ӣ뿪˿˼䣬Ⱥֿˡ
Ŀ뿪˼䣬Ŀ¶ĽȻһ¯ĻϨˡ
¯ڵĻ֣硣
ľλ
ʱּҡҡͷһ죬Ѱ
һ̬ȣȫǰ׷ѡ
жſЩššֲŵҫ۳ɾֻͣԼ޽ǣĻȥƵҩأ
⿼˼һˣ̬ȡ
ʱּͬصͷ
ľźӣڿ˼һȦʣƣأ
ʱָָλãǶСš
ľ˳ȥȴǱԱһˡ
˻ǺӣǺӳһľ϶ˣ΢΢üж˻Ǵİߺۣ
ʱֺ˷Ȼһͬҡͷ
Ǻӳһ⡣
жϣľŵͷ̾ӳ⡭Ӣţ
ʱЩʱ䣬˵ת
ľҡҡͷתϡ
ǶʦͲʱʵʵĥģʹ츳ڵġ
ľϿ˰Σ΢΢ͷʵĻ򡣡
һλϲ廰˵⺢֮ǰһöƾŶ߶صĵҩ
ʱڳֻ֪ߵԽԽ棬ֱ˰ѵһš
Ϊȷʵʲô֮쿴Ҳֻƽ
ԣľʱֺ򣺡ʱǰɣǺô
ʱûƣֻЦԴǼ׵顣
һͷȻĲӲǵ뷨ء
Ŷľ϶˶޵ĵҩȤˡ
תۣơ
ֻƻδɣڶƳɹ˴ҩۺҩҺվ
ʱȷֶǵˬĺɫӰ΢΢üЦ굤λš
ţľϵѭȥͼһλŻɫװŮ
ʱĵطϢǧµϢ̯ڼǰ
ۡ˻ǧ¡ľǸ֣ۡɫտټúܣ⺢ӣǼҵģ
ʱ΢΢ҡͷȷûеǼǸϢ
̧ͣڹǧֺġԪӤһסϣʮ꣬ԪӤһס
̨ϵļ˽һЦ
Ԫ߹ۼңҲΪ壬ǧʮԪӤš
ʱЦҡͷ㰡ǵðһɴҿ
ԣ򼫵һЦ䳰
仰䣬ǧѾˬĲ̨ǰ
ҩģʦ㡢ʦ֡ǺãƵҩۺҩҺ
͡
һ仰䣬˼Ϩ˼Ż硣
ǧѰؿգգۣЩǸ⡣
ľϽӹҩģͰùܣĶ֮Ҳû취õҩ
ľϿǧµһͷллϣҶˡ
ְɡľʱ֡ˡ
һ󣬹ǧ´ʳ¯ʮ֣ߡ
ľϵŹǧµıӰأ̾
һϸпϣһͦոСͽܵġ
ľϹ˰ɣͽܾǻ᳤Ҳղ𡣡
ʱЦ
һλϸ̾ţֵ˵ۼ˶ˣ༸أû
ľһ̯۰زڴ½ۼҰء
֪˵һҡ
ľֺǺǵ˵ԩңҿɲ֪
ۼһʶ߳˼䣬һЩ̬ȵĿǿʼˡ
͵͵ƣȥƱӦͷλ
֪עţɫЩӲ
һɶӼơ
һĶţµٶҲҪϼ֡
ϡ
ϵҩģ
ƣʧˣ嫿ֲ´ڽֱֹҲȥҩİɣ
Ūҩģ͵͵һ
嫣ңڣӳֵܵҥԾɣ
ĬĬһۡ
ĥţӲһʱ䣬Ӧ˰嫵С

ȫˡ
ʱѾһ룬˳Ǳ۾ɵͭٴϨ⣬ûʲôΧ˺
ƿһ۱ͷ
ѹжʻȼա
嫸ʵʱ棺ȻûӰ찥
ʧЦ˷ʱˣҪ
ţ
ȥһҪһ»롣
֪ùĴжĻ֡
ѹͷһĶƳҩеƫϡ
к͹ǧµӣݵ
87֣90֡
ŷ뿪
һ뿪ıӰľЩϧõĺӣҪûˣƺӳһ
ʱڽϹ࣬Цӳ⻰ƵøƢˡ
ľϺߺЦСӻû
ʱʰĶδͣӳжضϣ˵ҪȥŻЩ侮ʯ˵İģ
ЦһڻС
ľüëͨˣ
ʱֵͷͨˣ˵Ҫϴĸˡ
㶼ܿЦǾͿ϶ûˡľЦףˣӻء
˼⡣
ھ뿼˽ʱ仹нʱѾȵԵ״̬
ǧºЦһСŵͷ򽭳˯š
˯ɡǽ˫ֱЦҲ˯
ǧ¸˵𣬾ͼѾ۾һ˯ģ
ǧ£˯졣
УһƬڰ롣
ɲǼ䣬һɫ
뱻˯ź¡
ͷͼһٵģʧЦ˯𣿱ǸʣĻʲôƷ֡
֣дһ룬ü㿪ʼʽˣ
˵²Ҹֻèӵʢĵطϸҹܱɻ𻢡
ε
һҾ;¡ı飬ϵû˼
ʱ򶼻ɣﲻ֣ȺɹǵģҲǡ
Ҳǣ
顣
ѡӣȻ룬ҶԻ˽٣½Ҳûϸϣ㡣
Цʵʵ˵ɣǲҵĻ֣ǲ
ʵصͷ
룺Ҷ½Ҳ˽⣬ϤĻֿܶƬ½ҪѡһһƼ߻𡣡
ߣ죬Ϊʲôǳߣ
յ㽭ϵĺߣĵΪг߻𶾣ʦҪǳ߻𶾣ܷʹû֣㲻һ㲻£Ҫû
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ҡƬ½û֪߻𶾿
ĲˣҴû¡
һȻ˵ı飬ҵĻΪʲôôɣΪӳȸˣȸһЩǡٹǧ꣬ɱɻޡ
֣б㸡ֳͼ
ЩǻϵʯʯٺлϵԪ޿ʯһԡɻϵʯ־Ϳ
˵գ̧һӣиֵͼȫʧ
ڰƬƬƣ·˸͸ŽɫʥĹ⡣
ָһƣ򽭳һ£߻󣬻ʲô
ͷȥȻͱȻĽҫñۡ
·𿴵һĻ涼˲⣬ԡ
ѵۣոտһĻȴʧˡ
عƽ
ЩϧûֻèǩԼͿȸ֣ϧһɽݶֻѰ
ޣҪǱү̳ߵ涼
ſ͵ը
è͵ҲըˣƿڴҪңѧ
ûңܽ
è
񣡡
èɵĻУ̾һ졣
󣬽èεΪʲôͳܣ
嫻ҧסָĥĥҧ
óһŵèߣԳ嫲ŵŸëǰΣεķ

Ǵèìܣ
Цá
л˵
ìܵĲ
èץë
㿴ҵëƯƯ۲Ľ
èˣצӣ
СЯʺٺèףС֣


39 ҩ˽ӳѰ
èԼ, ı۾ϢƬ̡
ֿʣʽ
˾Ѿˡ
ֻǸӷ, һչʾƽ̨ˡ
ɹİٽ䣬ҪƵĵ
ǿ衭
һżҩǿҩģȴԶطҪ㡣
ҩҩЧĺ֢, ϰ߳Ȼˡ
ηλáߵ, ʶ
һˣ˼£Сش, ջߣĬĬ
һƻ, ҵġ
ŵٽҩҩЧơ
ǿſµʦǶۿ
˿ʼû, ʦڰ¯Ŀе
ʮ˵ĽʦĽʦͿԿ, ͽܡ
Եֿˣǵʦǵͽ졣
ʦ, ֮࣬󲿷Ǳзͽܶ
Ƶ¯ǰ, , к, һʦܡ
Ƶҩв˵, ǵͷ, Ȼͷ鿴
ֻżҩˣԣ
΢΢λʦʦ棬¯
ʱһһĹȥ
ƿʦǲסͷƵĵҩС
Ƭ̣ľϺʱֵҲ˹
ľϿƵĶûʲôӦ
ʱŲߣ⿴Բһ˵Ķ˵¯еĻڼɵĲʱº͵ˮ΢
ľϡỽһָ˵ĵ¯Ƕ
ľѭȥһĵӡ
ǵӵߣӡ
ϸϸһľ˿ʱ֣⺢ӽʲôš׽
ʱףǵģͽа׽
ľϿ˵ܲʦ˹
۾һͬӳǰĺֲˡ
ʶüֻüͷûȥͱǵˮסˡ
ʦԭԽࡣ
㶵ʦҲԽԽࡣ

ʱ󣬽ؼһ񾭣Ϣһ
̧ͷ㱻ʮ˫ֱֱ۾ס
ϡǿϳǰü׺ˣȻһ۸סˣЩΣ𣿡
ľϡȡָźӣڲסϲ֮ǰгɹҩ𣿡
ľǼ˫ø۾Ĭһ˲ͷ
ľϣ
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֪ķҲǲǷʧû£85ҲԵġ
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Ŀľ뿪Сèס䣬̽èͷô죿
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Ϊʯһʱת۾͵˿˽ʱ䡣
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κŵֻ֪ǰʦƣҺ졣
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-о


40 ߵŭ
ӳ, ԭһһ̳ɭ̳µĹϵܣһĹϵҲܺá
ӳĸҲһֱѰʧٵɭ, ˵Ӧֵӳǲϲơ
˲⣬ӳý͡
룬ӳԼĵһֱ׼, ϲԭģ
λһλĽ, ǲ֡
ᵽ۰أͲòᵽҲλǰĹ¡
ÿ𽭳, ͱȻҺţžͻۼҡ
뵱Ĵ, ۼǺεȷ⣬ھȻźһȡ
ฺ֣źۼңλֻͣۼڳ, ûʲôͷ, űŲűȰˡ
ӳΪȻĵͷ
ЩһʦУۼҾ١
ţ
ǿһεṬ©ҵıѡ
ӳż䡣
ҡҡͷ, Ҳϧһǰ۰صͽ, Ҳλǰ¡˵˲֪Ķ, Ϊͣ޷ΪƷ, ۰ػصĵؽ硣ʱⱾ, Ұæҽⶾ
˵, ЦҼûмж߱ˣֲ˽ô˶Զأˣֻܽ顣
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˵æѰأʵ˸ڽ͸
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ӳȻۼҴĶʦҳ
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ף¶һ¡״ʣУ
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У
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һۣЩ
оȻԼĶ䣬Ҳ˵Ͱ͵ŵ棬ʮֹɡ
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ģѵ䣬տڣʹ˼ٵĺ
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ӳܵĶһ٣̧ûиõıӣ¶ýһ󣬸պãҪ˵¡
ʱ֪Ҫ˵ʲô飬ջߣҿ˼ͷ˵ɣкͳҲɡ
Ѻжһۣɻߡ

ӳҪѰҵƷҡͷɫйԣܿƾŶߡߣǾܴ𣿡
ӳصͷһڣ
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˾䣺Ϊʲô뵽вɽˣ
ģӰĬһ˲ŵ㵱źѪ飬ʲô
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վɫ࣬ڶعĶ
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Ϊոһ˵ɫйԡǹ߾ԪصĶʱҾ뵽Ͷ
вɽ
ʱ֡
ʱףвɽһߵˡ
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˵ǵģӰЦӦǲɫߣﻹаѺɫĳӦȥˡ
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һһƷʯ
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ǡ

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໹ڷۼҴ䣬˲ʮֱɫ涼һССġ
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ӳһ𿴣߿˵ѣӦŵ
ۼҴȻȫ棬Զڴ½вδֻĶأҲ©
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˻
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׵ڵᣬʱӭ
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á
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ɡȥߣû֪ĵڶ;ƵߵΣС͵վС͵ϲ̨档
ջߣҪ
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ڴʱڳǱը𣺡Ӵⲻ۵ҩῼ˵ĵһס𣿡
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ʱҪͶҪˣ˳ˮۣһѡ
л˵
ǵЩŵΪʲôƸж
һ־ǡˡƤʱ̡


41 ʱֵĽ飬¼ˮ
ͽ𹫻ᡣ
ʱְۼҴ, ӳĿ
ɶͽ𹫻й䣬乻˲Ž뷿䣬ʱһȴ
ˮ, ˿ʱɩӣûͶ𣿡
ʱźҡͷûأߵĵĸ, ˵вɽ, Ҳ
šü£ֹţܴôôأ
˵ţᵽ˵, ֻͶǻһơ
ӳë˲, ɣƣҲ֪Ͷ
ͷֵҸո̫˷ܣ˵¶ҲȥعҪȵҺʦ֣ˡ֪Ͷ, Ҳһص
˵, յƸҲǹɣҸ˵ˣһƾŶ߶صĵҲ̫ˣˣ
Ƶһʱǰ, ˵ˡ
һʦ֡
ʼ, Ųʱ֣ҲƲ֪ʲôͶ, һ, һڶع, ûб, Ҳ
ʱüͷ΢΢𣬡ǵ˼ǡҲʹͶ
͵ʹãҲй
ʱֺɶһۣɫͬʱ
ͶΪԵ֤ݡ
ʱִЩҡ뷨
ѵԩƣ
ӳݺҡͷ뷨
ʱգ˵κһ֡
ɲῴɫûӳʱѾĬˡ
ڴ˵˵ơ
һûʱֶˣɫã˼ſ֮Щڣ˱ˮݵߡ
ʦɱȺһˮɻ
ʱţλˣ˽ͣԳһʦͶʯ
ʦ
ӳ͵̧ͷһ
ʱ򣬽͵˲뱩¶ݡ
ʱµģӳ˱㰴˵һȴ
ʱ΢΢ƽͻȻġ
ſˡ
ͽ𹫻ǰ·վſڣ롣
΢΢ͷлȻ߽䡣
Źˡ
ʱѾվ߽Ϥߣ΢΢١
𴽣΢Цã͵ġ
ʱֻº͵ЦݣȻΪ˱衣
һĲ豭֣豭
们䣬¶޳ָԼֱϵɫꡣ
ʱֻ³һɫ׷
ڣȴ̧һӣ̹âʱֵĻϡ
ֵʳָڴǰһȣꡪ
ʱһ
΢ЦҪͶ
ʹʱҪôԪһνӴʱ䲻ܳʮϢ붾ؽӴԪڣҲöؽӴ塣壬ϡ
ʱֱϵɫ꣬Ųһ£䵽âĶʯ
ûݣ̧ǳЦ˽ĵ£һҩչ
ʱ򣬵ʦֳϤĵһеҲȻᵱ
ǵҩչҩչ޲ߣҲǰۿǸʢᡣ
֮⣬Ƶ̳Ĵʱ
ҫĶ屻ݺݴ
˭ȥ
Щһʱ֡
ʱķȴ䡣
ԣ͡
ǻȥҶл֪ⵤҩչͦȤ
ʱ־豭Ц紺棬Ǿڴߴݹˡ
ʱʱֺʵǴӺδͶأ
ԣصع
ʱֱͽ΢ЦĿ뿪

Ͱ׳µһ˲䣬ӳ͵վʼ
ҵˣɵɴۡ
űͰǵġ
Ͱ񳷵ζŴ˵Ѿɡ
ӳŲӣ϶ҵˣʦ֪ˡ
ţʱֱƿš
ɫ糣ǳǳЦ
ӳֱȥʦ㣬ҵ𣿣
ʱ֣һװɫʯͷ͸ƿӣӨӨ˸
ӳ۾ȥͶʯ𣿡
ʱֵͷǣλߡ
أɽʡ
ˡ
ˣ
̧ͷʱ֡
ʱЦ߽ʹ÷뿪ˣ˵ºμӵҩչ
ܴҲʦץץͷ
εǳԵƿⶾǹƾƵĵҩ
ɻ㱻񣺡񡭡ǵİ
ʱ֣ʣ¼ˮأ¼𣿡
Сʱ̧һӣеȱ䵽ϣһβģӰƬΡ
¼ˮˮӰһЩҲܿװϸľͿУʮ
˾Ӱ
ߵ˺Ȼ̧֣ʳָڴǰڵֹʱ˵
ɻ󣺡ֹ˵ʲô𣿡
ʱֵЦһǣҺܡ
üʶȤûжʡ
¿
˴ӦҪҩ΢΢ü
Ҳ֪ǲ룬ܸоʱֺ˻л
ţʱѾʳһ仰ҲȻش𣺡ع
Ƕعɺ޺üعͶԴȪˡ
˵ıӰǻҪȥһ˶عġ
˲Ϳһһοզ
¼ˮŽʱˮɵ߰ɣɣȥʦ

ҩᡣ
ؿջʱ;ĵһۣƽջߡ
ɻʣոΪʲôʱ˵ꣿֱӳϲ𣿡
ҡͷʱ¼񣬵λܿݵˣûаգײұ¶ݡ
ǡ
ҡ̾ôɾҪ֤ƵĵҩҲֳƲС
һͣյҲǣûĻ֣ʱû취׵ҩҲɡ
ٵ¡ʮƽʱָһƷʯڶϵʯ㹻ҽϰûҲվ
嫡᡹צӣ֡᡹ջȥУһǲġ
СèͷòģҪġ
ĥĥаɡҪȥģ
ȥɵЦʯԸ޲ˣ𣿡
޲˲˰嫵ƣСè֧ӣС
̻פء
˴췽ҡңԼ̻ᡣ
ҽŸվ˷ּҵĴʣ½죬¶æת
Ⱜǩͷվ⣬һ硣
ôˣⰬЦſǾŶڳ
ҿһۣ֪𣿡
ƣ
Ⱜף֪ҩ֮㡣
߽Źϣŵһҩаߵö糺ɫĵҩܹƾŶ߶غʹ󲿷߶ѾС⣬Ѿʼ׳֦ˡ
ߵⰬһ£Щ죬ҩôǲſʼƵҩ𣿡
ͷɫࣺһⵤҩƵģ
һöˮĻ
ɭĵɽУذɱŵӣȻǰ糺ɫĵҩ
Ӱ
Ŷ첲ϲ˻˻ðţ¼ģ˾˵ƣ
󻹸пһ䣺ۣĳȻӡ
뵽ķӦöСߵãⰬôᷴӦ
ⰬֳѶֲء
ֲѸӦŶ߶Щ죬Ȼʣ·Ը𣿡
Ⱜһ۾ŶߣʵЩӵ𣿡
Ŷߡһ٣군Ӧþ͵˰ɣ
˾ͺáⰬֲأԸƷټһŶרƷ߾ģĳȥˣҵĻڡ
ֲס
ϲЦտ
Ŷ߻ͷް࣡
Ŷֲ˭ҪԼūû¶ȥŶֵ٣ǮջǮ߾ˣٵÿ
Ⱜ޷ǾԸϹ
ᣬһһȵʢὫһܣܳɽǧڵƷʯ
è᳡
˳ӿַǷǿһ󣬲żԼλϡ
βСèֹڵǿߣܸоɽڵϢ
ڲ֪ٵǿѹ£Ҳַ
˴ιһټڵ39ԼĵľŶѪҺ
57ȴǼΪĶ߾
ѵѰҲѵģһּΪȴδĵƷ
Ŷ߾סĦŲɫͼƬ΢΢
λɲõãÿһƷר˽Ȼܷϼ߾
ռ̸ֻսڣôɣ˯˶ͷ
ûã᳡죬˸һʼ
л˵
Ҷżĳߣ𼱣յ߽ˡ


42 ŵһϹ
һ
˵ǳ, Ὺʼ
ʹ췢˺ܶ£ǧμ˵ش, û
ع죬
ǽˣࡣ
ֳС̨ͦΡ۴Ц, ڳ˾һ
嫿, ޵ָòôʱȻͻһס
ЦŶʥ޵ȼɲǰ衣
С̨е, ʼ
߱󣬽Ӷ
ֵӼʮƷʯǧƷʯ䱦, һһ£ĳֳһȴﵽ߳
ոտһ˶߾ͻ֣вٺö, ͦȤ
23Ʒ, ԸĻ澧
Ҫ˸²׼мۡ
¥, ר䣬ڶ䷿
߳, ֹرշš
һ۷ڵƺͳǱ, Ȼ߰°ͣд, е, Ψʡ
ηηͷ
һöߵӰж
ʱ, ͨˣţ֪ˡߵڣҲˡơ֡
š
ע⵽Ƶӡ
˽һ㼴̷ɸ봫飬дơ
ǷҪ£λ֮ǰҪƱõĹϵ
Ÿӵһ仰ŷһӣԼɢġ
ߣֻҪӿڣžᷴԣһᾡһз
Ƶ䣬Ľ뵽ᡣ
ƻȤ˿߳䣬硣
š
ڡơִ½ʱһ߽µܵĴţһµ
Ƶĺ𽥼
ȥֻԱ߰̾ṬʧأҪļƽǶҿ
һԴӵųϺԽεĸף㣬£Ҫ
֪Ҫۡơ飬ͷȥɡ
λ߾֮һεƫӣֱӶΪ
˵ûôع⣬ľҲû
жһλΪһλʧٶĴϡ
δ飬ŵĵ֪ôλϵĴڣȫȨƹܡ
ҲһȨ
˳
Ƭ̺£Ƶ˳¿ʼʰ׼ȥ
ֻ߳ɣһι
˵һ־ΥвëȻ
ѸתصɣһУλʧĴϡ
ʱɡ
ŵһϣ顣
ʱ仹δ룬еڶ㹻ȫ½Ϣ֡
λ̸ӭӳϡ
ʰԼųһͬλδĳѹ£üһԡ
ʱ˫ָ󣬻ǰˡ
δǣĿѰʹŶŪúͿսһ꣬˼
һȦʱ͸ϡ
յͽܣˡ
ﴹӦǣƽƽ޲
ʱ΢΢üһ±ϿӲĻȣоﲻԡ
ʱɷһλϾͿͣﻰǿӣ˵š
Խ䣬ʱԽòԾ
ɨһ۴ͷĬβ̧֣ˣǶҪչһӡ
˵꣬ʱż⣬գۼʧڴ
ǹɳѹɢȥ͵شһѾ亹ʪ
Բ೤ϼ״ЦŰοѹܴɣʧǰǻڴԲ˴λ˵͵˶ɽڣǿ
ǿЦЦǻġ
̧һɫ͵ſֻż¡
ʱɾȻˣǳԤڵʵʱɳôȥȻᷢϵ
ʱ򡭡
Уʱɷ֣
ӽҪȥλϵĹġ
ҵռָ¼ǲݣҪһǰʱɷ˲ԾͰǲȫιһ͵
ɴֲۣ̿ҪʲôǣûҪΪȺ˵Ҫɣ
ӵһۣ˵
źˣֱӽͨܵŵˮ
öˮֻʣһεֻͨٽһ䣺ϧһд£ơ
ƳԾŶߵĵҩƵ츳ͣ˵ǿѰõĿܵ
뽫£
˵ˮȻҹ
ߺʱɱɽ߳ϣϸϸһ顣
ϱһӵĿޡ
ʱɾţֱʣƣкͣȻһͬ£
ЦǺǵ˵СС;ƳƾŶߵĵҩ
ŶߡʱɳʣʲôʱϢ
ͽ죬ǵҩӰѾ½˽֪Ƶ֡
˵ⵤҩǰĳΣϣĸ᳤ҲƵʦзȲķ˳
ϻϸ˵ʱ̧֣һƿ糺ɫĵҩġ
ʱɵʣֵҩ
ŵҩһͷǣһġ
ʱҩƿǰʱһ飬ЩΡ
˼Ƭ̣ʱɵ굤ĵҩչʲôʱҪǰŵλá
һ֣㻹רȥҪλãֱȥ˭Ҳλ
ʱбһۣתɽչء
ͬʱһῪʼʱ䡣
ֳӵ̫̫죬վǰѾˮ΢΢
ջǺúдھͱɲϧһд£ƣ
üЩ⣬Ⲣֳ˼¡
ѾϵڶʮƷȭͷСĳɫ澧
߾ٽڶʮƷ澧ϵƻԵҩļΪһƷʯʼмۣ
ͬƷͷֿʽҾ
ֻһ۸ºвƷԽͬļ۸ҡ
ͷĵطвٺۺͷ󿴵ܼɵ۵ˡ
ֻ澧һƷʯ൱һöƷʯ
λöƷʯܼʮöʯ
мƣһٶʮöƷ
̱˸һʮöƷ
һʮöƷ
öƷʯ
Զ¥¿ȥ¥¼ӼۺݱΪ֡
۸öƷʯ󣬽м۵Ȼ٣ȫھ
һʵᡪ
öƷʯ
û˽мۣ䴸
ʦʦҪ澧ѭŸոյĽмȤ¿
᳡ƹһ£һŶص
صȫֻ˻ᶥ
縣㣬̸һ˵ݣǡǡã˶ˡ
˼
࿴֪ʲô͵ĳǱСүܿ볡˵𣿡
ǱﶢԼֿԻ㱻عʦҪʲô
ϸظ볡ߵĵǼǱ
ǼǱ˽Ҳ췽ǱĹߡ
ǿԡʦֿǱƮģӦţѾȥù
һ۳ǱӣЦ档
ŶǱͷ΢
ü
ĵҩչ󣬳ǱһֱĲɵģ·˭˻꣬һ˵һ䣬ͳĬ
ȫǰݵĳСү
ƿʱͼƲŻڻ᳡ϣЦݵģǲ̫̹
ü˵Բ˵үǳСүҪ볡ߵǼǲᡣ
Уȥɡֽӹ
תźϣߣǱҪ볡ߵǼǲ
Ǳͷû˵û
ü͵Ǳ
ҪġЦҺ񿴵λˣȷ뿴Ǽǲᡣ
˵ŲŻɫСʦҪ˵
з°ʵߵͣʵ츳Ҳžӵλһʦ֡
ƽӹǼǲᣬЦǳлл
ֿطϣɨһȦڸոǸڵķ
ƴߣŵǼǲᡣ
ǼǲҳڶʮС
볡׽ݣʦ
Ȼ
ƹ𴽣ЦЩġ
µǼǲᣬסǵۺߵķ򣬾ȺһεļӼۡ
л˵
˸Сbugȼ𵤣ԪӤ񣬶ɽ١


43 Ʋ
չ, һˮϵƷ볣
¼ˮˮٱһЩԵͰʥ, ʥС
ˮǳ
һöȻ쭵һǧƷʯ
嫡, 㻹ҪǮ֡
ʼ, ½мơ
һΣڲ룬ֱ嫿ʼ˷ܣ޲ݣҵ޲ˡ
Ȥ, ̨Ͽ
޲ݵҺʶʱҲ֪Ҫ޲ݵ˲, Ҳһôٷݣֱɢ
һ޲ݣҪֿʮΡ
嫼ʮΰĵһΰɣ
ô޲ݣһ, ļһƷʯ
˻һ,嫣һƷʯ
צ໽Уһ, һݾ͹ˣ
ξƣһһʮö
Ľмӻû꣬˺ö

ڰе, ƣʮö
һǧö
嫣

Ȼ, ˷׷תͷ, 뿴λܼһ־һǧöƷʯ
ǻͷһ, Ƕ¥һյĵơ
䡭

Ǯ㽾
ĬĬ½м, һ嫿ɥè޲ݣ֡
嫣أ
һ޲ݣһǧöƷʯ颡
̷ϵڶݣôڶ޲ݣļһöƷʯ
ٴνмۣö
¥ƣһڼۺŰö

ٴλͷ¥Ҫ˵¥ֻǸĻ¥Щר䡣
һ¥䣬̾ط½мơ
ѭǰʮ޲ݼһڼö
˵ʮ޲ݣ¥ŵ˲ſʼԾ
û˹һڶۣڻָǰ漸Ʒݱģ
ƣٶʮöƷʯ
ʮö
ʮö
ʮö
ۼҪöٽ㣬ֱӾƣʮö
ʮĽмһֳ˾
ؾƣȻַ¡
࿪ʼôһ¡¡
嫺ʼ٣޲ݡ޲ݡҪˡҪˡ
´ڰʱȻ˳ʮö
ϵĴӶס
һûȥ
üؿͼ¥ˡ
Ƭ̣ƼӼۣ߰ö
¥߰һʮö
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˰һʮö
䣬ȴʮöʮöļӡ
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ըˣĸ㻢үүĶ
һ±èëݣ侲
Сè޺޵ĥڽ
䴸ĳʮ޲ݣóʮһ޲ݡ
¥䡣
޲ݣÿ䷿š
Ǳ˳ӹ޲ݣСֱߡ
ɻʣʦ֣Ҳ޳𣿡
ưŴ̵ĲҶЦû

ţܻóʱ򡣡ƶ豭˹衣
һۣȻߵԣɨ
ʮķ޲ݿ
ûмźͰ嫵ʶڶ¥䡣
ֻԱ˲ͣļӼۣ¥޶
м۵˽٣ʼƣ߰öƷʯ
߰öƷʯѾһٽ㣬һְ㣬ûڽмۡ

ʱ¥Ĺٴ𣺡߰һʮöƷʯ
Ӽۣ˰öƷʯ
˰һʮö
ݡ
ûס˸ֿڡ
׼ۣȴèצס
嫣
ҪˡƵ˾ǹģҪڻʹô죿㻹ǰʯɡ
΢ᡣ
½мƣһɥèͷһԣ˾ǹǣʱټƽҲ١
Сè˵ͷû˵ˡ
޲ݣһ⣬ǽڹ
ݳɽһǧһ١һǧһʮһǧһʮ
ʼһڼ۵ĳɽݻһЩȫɹ¡
嫺޵
Ҳٷ֮ʮŵĶ϶ǹļһڹǡ
ֵط췽˭ܾ׼֪ÿһλߵλأ
Ⱜֲôеûµˡ
ļƷֻҪǾٵʱ򣬽̽
ǼĵֵĶ¥мۡ
ΣԶ
浽˭
˼ţ̨Ѿ˵39ƷҲǽĵľŶѪҺ
ŶѪҺʮݣĵΪһƷʯ
һָ̨ǳǳСè°ͣҸ
嫣
èһ
Сȩ̀צӶ󣬺үһҪǼһ֪³
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ֱӾƣƷʯ
ȴ䴸
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˵ҩжһŶѪҺĵطҪ٣۰˰ٵһǧѾ졣
ˣиûꡣ
Ŀתضյơ
Ű١
Űһʮ
Űʮ
Űʮ
һǧ
һǧˣ
ľҲ

һǧζܳɽһ
仹ڸһǧһʮСè买ͷѹһѹ֣һô죿
ЦǾͶһġ
ƣһǧ١

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Ǳ죬ĿɿڴĿһǧİһʮö
Ͻѵ̫˰ɡмҲһǧ
ЦһһǧͲˡ
ǰЩеôܼǧƷʯ
糣Ǳ˵кܶŶѪҺڸۣ¡
׽ˣһǧ壬Ҳ
Ұ׽֮ǰһǧʱ򶼻ھȻһǧģ˵ҪŶѪҺ
ư¼ӼЦݲá
߰ٵĶ̧۵һǧ٣ӦҪúøлǡ
ƹ𴽣ޱȳ졣
ţ¥죬м۳ɽ
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һǧˣһ𡣡Цһ£⡣
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üͷʶһ˵¥µѾ˳ļۡ
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֧צӣغͽһƣ
ЦеģͨһҲʮɣ
ԤƵǧһ壡
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ϵЦݶ˲١
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һ74λţʼһֲƷ
ֱ¥һǲɵǮûã
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뵽֣Сèһƽ
Ĺ涨һԳɽ۸һƷʯڵͳһʯƷ
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ſһۣӾͼӣǮ
΢΢ҧǿЦһлʦܡ
ؿ
Űڰ֣˸ӹ嵭¡
Ŷ74˼ƷһζûٹƣֻźŲ֡
һֱվڷǰɫ޲ʵָ׶콫ơ
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ļۣһȻ
ǽһҪ˼Ӽ۽Ʒƾһ㣬Ͳܹ
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˲󣬽ŻƣöƷʯ
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Ľмһ͹ˮĻ᳡ըķѡ
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ӣǱȽõһ㣬ֱ˻ֹޡ
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ҪֵĲʦʦҲʦ
ɵճ̣ȻȥѰᣬҪ74λˡ
ˡ
δȺè뿪λڲõĶңͨ
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ԴԪӤ󣬰嫾ܸܵɽǿߵϢ൱ܸܵзԪ
޼½ûǶɽǿߡּķ£ֻҪСһ㣬֮
οҲȥʲô£ֻϸ˰ˡ
Сèȣں棬Сǰ䡣
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һЦݣϸȴЩɫӲ˳ӹǺоŶѪҺȻʼ㾧ʯ
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Сè˵ĳֱɫͫףȻѸڰʧӰ١
ϢϢ
Ƭ̧̺ۣ֣סͻȻܳСè
ôʡ
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ƣ
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ЦɭȻүĶүԲ˶ߣ
һһèͬʱ֣ڿٴλһơ
ҹڷߣԽĺʱ䡣
л˵
ʱ䣬д٣Ҹ߹ҵQAQ
ԡ
ռ壡


44 ۰
һ, ǰ㻨˽ʱ
ʱٽƻʱ򣬳ʱ춼, ֻ¸ڿա
ʱΣ˴߳ˣȶҹİС
סèż, ɵһཨķ, ȫɢ
ԼĪһСèֱӣɫˣ
ִ, ŴΪ׼ĺɫںڰ, һΣյӰӡ
߳
ǱﻹЩĲɵģŽͳȻͷһ۾ڳеԱü΢塣
ƣʦ, Ȼȥ, һеҪ
Ƶͷ, 
ŵһ£Ӧˡ
һֿ˵ѧϰĵһ, ȻҲҪȥᡣ
Ҫؿջ, Եסլ, 볣Ǳﲢͬ·
ߵҵסլĽʱ, ֿˡ
ƻڸոյʧ, һĿڣµڣþδɢȥ
ǳǳ˿
µĵһ죬ҲǴ󲿷ʽʼĵһ졣
ʹʦ֣ǰ׽ֻǸѧżʦʹ츳ٸߣⳤǰҲð
˼ˣˬ
չ·ڣһͬӿ˽ˡ
̧ͷɫ׼ӿٶȣصջ
ʱظеһ磬
ƺȻͷ
һֻצϮצѾӽؿڣ¹·⡣
ᡪ
ƱܶצӴؿڡ
ƴ󾪣ˣڽһ׵Ԫ𣺡˭
ҡүү
е֪Ӻζ峺ŨŨɱģүүһצ
䡪䡪
צݺץƵ
Ʋֻʶи
˾ȻܽѹӰ죬ĵȼߣ
ȼϴƣʵϾ͸˵
ƲԹɫǿƣ˵λߣҪʲô𣿻˵ҪЩʲô
ҪʲôЦЦĿڷʡ
ĹͣſԼĶ
ֻצָָ׼ɭ
⻰Чסһ˵ֻҪõ
ǡ
Цһر𣺡үүҪ㰲㣡
ػӳһƣϡ
ƻʹȰ䵽ֻƹЮԪһϡ
ʹϮƺһ͡£ֱ̯ڵϣ漴㲻ʡ¡
ջצӣһצë
һʮֿģо͵ҩʲô˵¶ˡ
ռָռЩǳǴͻҪ԰ȫ⣬ռ洢ǡ
öҲҪǡ
ժƵĿռָʶһ̽㽫ռָǱķˡ
ϣΪ˷˫ֻҪƷʯһöᶼὫʯһ鿨
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鿨ѾƵǣãЩϧ
ٴһֵָǮľȻǾŶѪҺ;ݡ
ϸƣӦûһֻҪǵĿռָ
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ٲ
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ţ
СèŤӣؿأ
⡣һסë׵βͣʱβ͵Ĵůˣûסࡣ
СèӦŶһͷ򽭳ɫЩԹ
ظ࣬β͡
ɿβͣһβͱ˵㣬ڰܿһɵɫ󡣡
Сè˦˦βͣȻ֧ӣβƨ/ɵ¡
è⶯ЦûȥڶĶ
΢̾һаҶɳˣƶôͶһ㣬ٶȡʲôʱܰ׻
ԹЦһż㣬ŴٹĿռָʧ
Ƭ̺תѡ
ǰһƬڣҲһ˲ɬȻǰ糱ˮӿУ
ǵɬģ̰ʹ
ʶȥգһֱҺ壬õǰ
Ѫ
צֱ˵þݣ
ƲҶ룬ֻʵ뿪С
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ʧЦ
ҩᡣ
ڲʦһ˵߻ѾɣЩȣ߻֣λսѶȰ
ľվһ࣬źһ֣ȥˣһΪСӾ˵˵ء
ľϣʶλ
ֹʶҲʶˡľ˸ӣЦеٿ
˵ʦʣʹҴһˣľϣ˸ˣ˵Ҫûݡ
ңľһڰֵдһ£Ͼ
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Ųľ죬ɿģһ֪ĿժµĿ֦
ͷͫеɫӭ¹̧ɨľϡ
ۡ۳ϣ
ĳϣľ˫΢ŵػ۰أʲôʱģ
ɫͫ׵۰ء
ųϣҲǵʧѾõĳϣǽʦ𡪡۰ء
۰̧һ£Цľϣþò
ľϼôҲ֪ͨȻȥ᳤
ˡ۰سסҸһȥλҲ
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ڸ᳤зûгΪʱ۰رǵҩĻ᳤ֻ;ȥŵϣһ߾ʮ꣬ΪͽܽĶԶ磬Ѷ
Щ飬ֻл᳤ľ
۰̧һüģѵЦֻи²⣬ȷ
в²ҲǸ¶иͷľ̬Ǻüˡ
۰᳤סߣһһ߸Щı仯
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ľţؼӳһشǰСܹȥִּæ
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ľϺ۰صסʱŷⲻСԺˣŻڣһˡ
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ʱ֡ӳ
۰ʶӣ
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Сһضţ۰صָЦЩΣ磬þò
ءȡһŬԼʧ̬ͺãߣ˵ȥ
۰Ųߵ࣬ͷһ۵ϵ¯ӣԼ¯ɫĸСǣأ
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ݡ
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۰ϸϸطţÿһ棬üͷЩ漸šһ
꣬ͽ֢״һ𣿡
۰࣬ҡ
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֪
֪ۼҵĺʱ֪ڶİԵۼֱϵѪ޲ߡ
Ƭ̣˵ظһͽҰ
۰صͷ˼ӽ붾عʱʼ
սڶعԵʱţʦǳɹƿͶ
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ȻӦʺʱ־ƿţľϵں棬һһš
۰һİӣɻʣλǣ
˽ܡָ˼ǰԳ꣬λŵɣСʦܣ뵽Ͷġ
۰ȻջߣŸոձϵĻ˶عԪпʼɬһºԪ޷ۼֱʼһڡ
£ڵԪʼʧȼСΧ˵ļ󡣡
ȼˡһ״Ѿˡ
۰ɫȻʱֻΪƿڣ𵤶ƿֻһ߲⣬һ߶ϰֱ£׸ܲԪĴڣǸʱҲʶ¡
豭ˮº󣬽ֹͣ𣿡
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۰ضв豭ҶˮдƮû˵
վһԣм俪ʼ𣬵ⲢλǰĶԻ
ԽԽ֡
λǰ˵ǽⲻͶ֢״ѵҲͶ
ǡ
عֻ·ϴͶӣеĶ
Щ⣬λǰɫأֻðѲѹУɻ
񾭴ûвеĹ֮
ʱǰСؽƿõͶϣλǰ鿴
Ͷ̫ͣ˲ֹ۲죬ŵزýչ
һתۣԽԽڿգһƬž
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߳Ժӣ룬ʱƿͶ
ʱֵݸһƿСãҪˡ
Ӧ£ɺʱֶ˵ȻصջЪϢ
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ŶͷȻ򣺡ǻʲôھȥұƸ簡
˵Ӱ
̾Ϣһ˵ЪˣһʱҪȥģʱҲ١
ɵĴǿаȥһͷסߡ
ڶ죬ơ
ڷϣ˫ף۵Ѫ˿
ϣǱȴôҲ֣ˡ
һϣȥѰʧĿռָֻ֣þһа취һߵǺҡ
ѾŲδԽ׵İ̺ۣŭ͵ҳһȭͭҵ÷顣
ͭƬϡﻩɨڵء
ۣشŴ
ˡ
Ƹ磡ɣڷҺʦ
һƬʱشһż뼤
̧ͷͫ״
ɡ
ɺôˣ
ʰͭҳҹĶҴϡ
ϺͮͮĹӣԥһ˲ϢԽ١
Ƹ磡
ţ˵ʦ֣˵ɣžǾϲ
˫ֱ˷ܵɣѵҲϵɧŵǼԱҵַɣǵȥǸ
ɱ죬ϳ֪
תͷţͼŴˡ
һɫۣ߳
գգۣͷǻɫɴĶңЩɻ󣺡Ƹ磿ǡ
ɺ죬ǿЦûע⣬ѺƹŪȥˣһƬʱû취ֻŶһڡ
ԣôֲ𣿡
̧һͷ͵ƹȾɫЧǿһСľͻȾȥ
Ȼԭˡ
ҴҪȥˡƵŷţǿЦ˵΢
ɴذڰ֣ǾǴӵģŶԣƸ磬ͶҪⷨ
һֻǴߣԴִֿһеıɫ
֪Ͷʱָ߼չĶû֪ⷨ
ֻ֣ж죬벻
ʱʦҪռĶɣƻºͼƽؽͣҲ֪ʲôҪҰʦǵḱ᳤֪
˻һһ

ɸǵɴۣǡôûٺúÿ
л˵
굽ףµһƽϲؼһⷢƣ
Ұ


45 ս߻
ɵķӦ̫, ƶʱһ⡣
סϸϸһǸƿı̶أȷʵȫʶ
ס, ЦЦǼɡҲȷ
ɻ˵ȴǰһֹ
ʦ֣ɵɻغ
ɣֻϡ
˸, һЦ, ο̫ˣܵİٿȫ顣
ԣƼͣ͵¡
º͵ЦҲ̫ˡ
Цſ, Ц㰡Ǹ¶, ƴ֪أ
ʦϵ£ɱȸŵͷȴʺţʮֲ⡣
ôأ
ʦֶڶع
·ıƸô᲻ʶأ
סɺǳǳغƵ˱
ȫҲ˵Ļ, ֻ, ɻ뿪
뿪ʱһȽյķ, ް
£δҲ̫˵㡣
ѵ
ûͶ
˼ȥ, , Ҫȥǰ, Ȼȥ

šü, ȴѾߵԶ

һֿĵһ졣
ߵſ, Сѡǧˣǳк˾۵һȻȥ
ǧ²ͷƽСѣʵ⼸춼ʲôأȥ𣿡
²ؾ֣ҿԣþûȥˣöڶڻ
Ҳճ˹ڽֱߣŹһһ۲ЩߵĻᡣ
ѾϰճСĴڣҡͷҾˣϻЩ¡
û£峡ʱȥҲ١ǧЦһ߰ɣȥ䣬쵽ǩʱˡ
к죬һ˵ȣ·߸ǽܡ
ѧϰʱУ̵ǵʦΪʦ
ÿһĵ򱻳Ϊѧͽֻеõһʦ֤ʸǲܰƺ
ǶʦǧһʦλѾӮ˱ϡ
Ѹʱ䣺һʦˣ¸³¡ʱǾͿڵһʱȥһԴȸߵȼĵҩϰ
˵žЩĽ
ǧʼ磺ʦô򵥡
ҪһʦҲڵˡ
֪Ӻζһ˹ǧµĻ
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ģ̧̌°ͣɫλСʦã񣬵ǲʦ
ǧ±ѵһһ㶵ģü΢ЩЦ
һͨѵֿ򽭳ϵıºЩǰ׽ʦܰɣ᳤Ҫ㣬ɡĿ˳ɼúñ֣˵ʦһ᳤ͽˡ
˵̧֣򽭳ļʾѺá
Աܿǡֻ˿ա
㡪
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λʦ΢Цһ£ǸҪȥǩˣ㣿
ʦջ֣üû˵ʲôи᳤Ҫ㡣
ѾԶûлӦ

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ΪԼĻ㹻ʵһֱȥ
ǰѧϰʱÿһСͿˣԳһѧϰݣֻҪһûͨͻ۳ƽʮ֡
ƽΪһ٣ƽֹ󣬸ѧͽͻᱻʸᡣ
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ơ
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Դһս󣬸˶ڶʦҲ˲Ȥ
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ͷ̧֣һöɫĻȽȽ
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ʦҲһû߻𣬴˿̵ͷȥϸϸع۲죬üë𣺡߻ǻ沨һֻ棬Ҫʹó߻ƵҩʮţʩչһСĻ塣
ԵʦĳϿҽ飬ֻº͵Цллʦ֣Ѿ
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λʦֱۣǸ𻨵ĺӣҴһڡ
л˵
߼Ҵİ꣬е㿸סˡȻ죬Żָǧ


46 ۼطԪ뵤
߻, ˿ؼһȫ漤ֵǰ£κǱĻ𶾡
һ, ˵ⴿǿ顣
ӳ߻ֵʱ򣬻᳤ľȫ̻˵ʱֶˣڳһʥ, ֻΪ֤ӳȫ
ӳ߻Ѿȥ̫̫, ʦǲ߻ϸ
νֵʦȫ˽գʦֵһΣоĿ, ֱġ
ֱӼ֣Ϊӳɹ, ĴˣڼֱǺڵҪ
곤һʦ˲ѵˣţȥһ᳤
ʦҴҵ뿪Χ۵, żվԱ߿֡
»ֱɴ, ʦпֵѧͽ˳
ѧͽΧΧʲô, ֻ֪Ǹһİ׽ڼ߻
һȫȻ, Χ۵ԽԽ, ͨ·µˮйͨ
µʦ۾գһ, ض׽ɶİ, ͻȻ
Ķֱʱ, Ż棬ڼʱ䡣
Ԫһ棬ЩߵĲʶϢģڻУٶ
˱֮ΨֲĻ棬ɱܼϡ
ʶһ£Ϳʼ裬⶯ƽġ
ڲöֶҪըһ㡣
ΧԱߵʦһͣס
ĵĬ
еģǵ97ֵˣͣŬѾϾưˡ
ֳʶһ£Цû͵ռ޲ȥ
һΪ㻤һǻ𶾲ܳô죿
ǶѾɹ𶾵Ľ㲻Ҫ޲ݵĻҴ͸
һҭر졣
Թ۵ȺԽԽ࣬Ѷ˹ֱɵ
ôô˰ѿʼżһСضתô죬ô죿
ҲҧŴ֪߻Σպ۾ʪġ
δĹҲð˳ۻһȦ۾һȥƣ˵ܰѸ᳤ء
ƣѽŲһ٣žҪתȥơ
ǧ˫ֱǽڣƵŰ׽ɣ϶аյġ
ۡ
ԱΧ۵һǧ⻰ӵЦ
գ֪߻жôΣ𣿡
жΣգǧƤЦЦһ治֪أ˵˵
˵ͷͷǵ˵ҿɸ˵߻Σյһֻ֪ӳǾǱ߻𺦵ģ
Ҳֱҡͷúһţ䵽ֻһ׵ҩŶ
ɫ͵ɷס
ųѵ½ǣͶ߶µأ˵
ҧ׽Ųأ
Ųš˵˺Źǧһ˼ıͼӴףǲңܸɣǸ᳤ͽܡ
˵Żǽ߻Σ£
һɤ̫ͻѭվһԵơ
˵Ϊʲô˸񰡣
æס죬ʵʣ
Ƶ˵Ŷ񣬷Ƶվǡ
֣߻ֳ޼½֮ȡԳߵ࣬Ҳ߶ĵط
߻֣ԭϾǺͲĳʶʧˣ򼤻ʧܣʱ޷ٿػ֡壬޷ٴ
˵ţ᣺׽ںޱʩ¼֣ʧܡĳʶأ𶾷˵Ŀԡ
ҲûС
ɫɷס
һŭԾͷй˳ոΪʲô
غһ䷿Ҳֵ֪Σԣʦ֪Ϊʲô˵
°΢̧߼ųɨһ۳ѣȻ󰲾˵
׽ԼǿҲֱܹ𣿡
£˵ԷسеҪеӳе
ǾǣһŪộеʦΪĿǵʱ䣡
Ҫ˵ǻãѧӳʦ֣Լǰ;ȥˣã
ƾţǻ𽥼Ӵ
׳գڳж˼ʰ׽жﴧ뿴׽ʧܵ⡣
һÿ̹
ǡ
ڵ˲࣬һ˵䣬ѵͱѹסԴɡ
дˡ
һѺӧ/ǹѹƿ项һ£ȿڳЦͷϡ
еĺһ
ڵĿȻš
ǵɴۣ˫ֱǽĺŮӡ
䱻/ǹͷӶǽϵˡ
㱻񣬺΢΢һº漴ֻͷⶸܵĽͷƤϵı䡣
ǧƤ̧ӣǸ˺ӧ/ǹֱӴǽ룬ƵԽסͷصС
ӧ/ǹ֣ǧƮƮ䣬ְ
ʱв

ֱԴɸΨΨŵŵһҲٳǧ£ֻ۾Ź⣬۶ǡ̫ˡĸ֡
нŵĻ£һרĶ䡣
ĵȴľ棬ͻ/ǹȫٵˡ
ƵɫȻɴɭɭƹǧ¡
ǧе̧
Ŀ⴩Ⱥ׼ϣ͸峺ǿһ
Ųߣ
һλָţǵĻǡžһ
һΣû˸ҳʹѾ츲س˻ҲԳһ˿һ
εգȻš
黹δ״󲿷ֵطɷƽ˾
۰غͻ೹̸һ/ҹɢɢó˼ƷЧ΢
ۿµһҲȥ˴룬˼Ż壬۰ͣͳ䡣
ǡɣӳѾɹͶӵ˵ҩУĵҩЧֻ˵ǿԭҩЧһ㣬ԶԶﲻ˾ʱ̶ֳȡ
ӳʱ̽һϣջǾʦǰ
ͬʱҲѰ˹Ƽӳʱֶˣüͷһɣá
áӳִ̧˸к
ʱֿ˲ôˣɫȥ̫õӡ
ԥƬ̺󣬻ҡҡͷȻÿ˻Ժš
Ƴɹ𣿡ӳʵ
ӳ˫ϵҩɹˣЧûĺá
ӹҩ˰ڰ֣ɡ
ʦ֡
׼ӵʱɵԶԶһ˲嵽Ժǰ
ͣ½Ųһ̧ͷͶ˰۰ءڵ˫εؿһҡûɣ
ſˣɡ۰
̱Ľӣ
΢΢üʣôˣ
ֱ׳ػش𣺡Ҳûطȥ
εƿߡ
۰֣˵עԼϣɣ˵˵⡣
ӳһ/ҹųɹöҩ͵۰ֱߣźǰǱΪⵤҩȱһζͶǼͶЧҲû˶٣ʹõķ𣿡
۰üһ޶ںͻҶؽҩû뵽оνͶ뵤ҩ
򼴱ǻҲ̫˽⣬۰أʶˡ
۰ֺǺǵؽӹҩԪ뵤ҩϸϸһ̽ɫعŹ
һӳɻƵĵҩ
ӳҡͷҡͷңֻ븴һöҩ
ԣ۰ЦһֽҩŵϣЦöҩû취̵ġ
Ϊʲôӳʱɻʡ
Ϊöһĵҩһöۼط
۰ر˵̧ӣһʵۼҴС
ۼҴݣģһ㷭ؼһ
ۼطԪ뵤
۰صĽͣۼҴ䵽ʱֺӳǰ̯Ĵɼ
ӳŴϵ֣ЩͣǡǸ̵һöҲŵҩ
ԭϣǵġǿƾҩİͳƷȥڳһšȻҲЧԶһ˵ͶԭҲԪһöܷЧ
۰ĵؽͣö糺ɫĵҩܽڵöҩʵϵĹЧٷ֮ʮ
ӳŻȻ
һһ¡
۰ض糺ĵҩ˼Ԫ뵤µĵҩӦǻԪŶԣΪʲôⵤҩǵɫģ
Ԫ
ջȻӳµˡ
һеĵҩȻؿʱ֣ʦ㣬ȷǵҩ糺ɫģ
ʱüͷѾ壬ˮᲨ˼˲Ȼ̧ǰܿöҩ𣿡
۰ǰһö糺ɫĵҩݸ۰ء
ǲǡ
ǲǱƸƵİߵ
ɵɴۣ˵һ仰ͱסס졣
ʦ֡
ɵһ˫ǲҡ
ոӳ͵ҩʱֻǻһۣû̫ʱеöҩɿ̫ˣ
ߵһģһ
򴽲
ֹסɵĺ֣ʱֶ
۰һǱֵջߺ󣬶ʱе糺ɫҩüŵҩ𣿡
˵ţʱеĵҩۣȻֵһöҩֲַڣ֮ӳöҩЧҲͰٷ֮ʮҰɡ
ʱǳǳȷϵʣöҩҲӦһҪԪ
۰ףԪ뵤ĹؼǱƵҩעԪԪЩϡԪҩľԵöˡ
㿴оŶߵѪҺоݡ
װһöⶾȴضôҩģⵤҩҪҩöԣ̫ˡ
˵һ٣һ䣬ûЩϡԪҩģöҩҲ޷ҩƽ⡣һ֡һ֣ҩҩЧ֮ǧ
ʱֱ߼ǣǳ
ʣȻۼҵطⵤҩۼ𣿡
۰ذŵҩЦۼƵҩ󣬶ᲹһݵۼҵҩУûмöҩӦòۼƵġ
Ҫ˵˭ۼطҲֻˡ
ʵλ
۰ش𣺡ʧѾõĺӣжۼҴ䡣
ˣȻˡ
һһεĶԻ֮öӰѾ½糺ɫҩܲ²ʲô
ǷݾԽ͸ͨԵģЩԳ
ֺͨγ벻ͨ
ѵֱۣŵʣǱƸ硪أ֤ǱĺӣǰʮҲۼѧϰ
۰ع𴽣Цƣ츳ûʸοۼҴ䡣
ɵ۾ɵü󣬻ҵر粵ΪʲôҲǶʦ17ĶʦﲻУ
۰ֻӳӳ˵˵䡣
ӳڸոһµУʶػأ17
ӳ17ʦҡ
߻𶾾һꡣ
ɵı粵ڿУؾͲ԰
ˣ۰̧ɣӳ츳Уϻ컯ۼˣ󲿷СҵֶŮ14꣬ڴԲҲǶʦ
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ԭСҪľ£ÿʱ䲻ʱˣյʮѾͻ˽𵤶ףͶʴ˵Ѿ˽Ľףס
۰ָ󣬵ʦǴ½֮ӣ츳Ҳһ֮ͽأ
Ĭһ˲15ʱͻƽ𵤡ɡ16ǽ𵤶ס
۰дԺҼͽǧѵһѰšһСѣžȲһȺĶˡһæҽⶾֵõȥͽ
ţʶô
϶ʱյûš
ͷøˣһԲҷ
ʲôʸȥԭ̤ꣿ
۰صһﻺ׹ġ
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ѧͽ̵ʦһ̲ܹͣԺغ᳤꿼˵һİ׽ڼ߻֣ûκηʩѾʼˣ
ǵ˻Уɫһ䡣
ӳ̰˸ոյĻ㱣üͷšĶӣȻֱӼ߻֣Ҫˣ
ɫȻҵùȥ
۰վһѹסģһȥ
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47 ʦͽ
䡣
Դӡ׽ڼ߻𡹵Ϣȥ, ֵԽԽ࣬𽥽µˮйͨ
ԽԽΧ, ֿʼ
ѾʱˣΪʲô׽ûãоĵ
СѵĽǲѣǧµǺġ
Ǹӧ/ǹһ࣬ǧ±漸, Ȼµɨһܲˡ
ֵȺ̰, ϨһҲԡ
˲֪ã뿪õʦڴҴҸϻء
ŶµˮйͨȺ𣺡ã᳤ˣ

˼˵Ⱥ̷ֳһ
ǿŷ, Ĳ᳤ֹһˣʱ, Լӳ
ӳˣ
Χ۵˰ֹӳֳָ߻
ֱڣû⡸׽Լ߻֡
ǻ᳤ӳˣҲ뷨
οӳɹˣ
ڵӳɻ𶾲, ǰ;١
ĿŻż˽뷿, ѹְõȺ˽⼤Ŀ, ͬ顢Ц
߯߯ǧǸ˳/ǹϿСֹ˵ʵʲô, ʧܵʧ, ˵ͻ, ĩҪϳȥأ
һԶ, أ
, 㿴ӳǲ֮ӣ󲻻˸屻ݵ³
ˣ˵䣡
ӳüɨһۣɬ
츳̫Уⲻˡ
ӳ
ûͷȥɶƺ̫ԡӳջߣѹüǰߡ
г߻ʦԳ߻˽⣬
˸ӳǰΧ˼Ŀһرζİ棬Σǻӳ£ԿֲĺĺĹ⣬񡭡
ûȫ/ȥƤ
ëȻֱӡ
׽ԼĿֲߣſ˵һ鴫˴ᡣ
æûʱȥעЩСϢ⻹ǵһμеġ׽
һ˵ĺɫߣüȻӳô
ӳɶĻ棬ԭеͣסƷƷ沨ĹɣȻֵ桭ôôƽ
ƽ
һϸʣƽĻͻȻʼȻ͡
һһͣ˶ʶˡ
۰Ԫлۼʱ׼ֵıը
ǻùڼңӳʶǰһ
ӳ
顪
ɲǼ䣬Ļ͵£ը
棬Ļ̻ź˲串ÿһ䡣
·𰲾һ˲
һ˲˻ع
ӳͫŻδɢĻǾǰ塣
۰̽£Ȼգۼ䵽ĻԱߣ̧֣ԪҪĹͬڻеΰ
һȻϻܡ
˽ɫ࣬ȫǸ͸Ԫ֣Ż滺Ҵһ
ը䣬˾ԭء
ǵװȥȺһȻʧˣ
ɹ˻ʧˣ
ҵһμֱըʲô
бŵñ˱⡢ô°ǧ¡
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е͵
ԶǱšüƣʦ֣ʲô׽ɹˣ
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ţ׽ܳɹġ
°׽µһˡ
Ǳﲻϣ׽ɹ
ƣڴġ
ƻ̧ͷĿǰܰɣҲ
ͳǱ˵ţЦȴǷţɴµıŤſ
ֶɹΰɣ
ֻǣٸһǱ۰İ˲ʧһɶ
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ι׽
ӳ˫۽յ˺̧ͷ۰أǰôˣ
۰ûӦֻ̧һӣļűӦأ
ôˣ
һȻ
ǱһƵЦݻ򳹵׽סʶǰһ
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ǰ鷢ɵŰɣ׽ˡ
̻һžһºͳѱһ޷Ƶף
ܲһȦĬĬ𾪴°ͣʹȣһҷ
ڡ
۰ջؽ˰סԪ˫ָ
ڵص꣬ЦЦСһװʲôˡ
⻰һ䣬ԭɢ˴롣
װģӳ͵صۣס̨ϵˡ
ܵעӣ̾ʧ㰡
۰سֵһɲǣסˡ
ӳľ϶֪飬۰ز֪ۼʲô壬ܲ߻ּ
룬ʲôճܱסԼСס
뵽󣬽ֱӱ˻֣䶯ⳡ˿ðʧľٶ
ַһ۰ȻԻֵѾ¯ܾ࣬ȷٿÿһŻĽ䣻
˲ȩ̈ƤŹ۵ģ۰ζЦݡ
ľ졢ųͷɢ󡭡
ı̫ԣǻ㱼䣬ΪԼš
һС棬۰ϥߣѵĽ޼½۵֪ӺռҰȤ¡
۰أǰЩģ
۰رϻЦţǺеǿҵ޷Ρ۰ǳǳЦݣڵصˣ΢΢
۰صߣʶĴӭ˲߻ƽ߻Ļ𶾱Ҫ٣ոѾɹڲԻҵƺ϶ȣû˴ķ粨ǵçײˡ
Ƭ̺󣬻еľޣѵ⣺ⲻçײ
ͷȥɣѵ
ΪԾΪʵʦ˰ԼЦаգҲðգûðգ
౻еأѭľæǰסЦǺǵȰˣСһﵨЩˣû¶ͺãû¶ͺá
һضס㻹дǰ;󶨲çײ
ǳǳһ̡ܽ
Ȼ󲨵Сһû¶λʦ͵һɿң㣬ǱԷźǱֳ
ʼմͷûһˡ
λһֱڿ㡭
˻ϲɵʱ۰ȴضŽ
ԭӡŲ⡢ɻڡ׽˵һλЩʧһɶ
۰Žüżԭ˵ζ
ðѣֻ򴽲۵׵ЩΡ
òģô䣬߶Ѹı䣬ʦĶ
ô鲻˵۰ش˸ţǳǳ˿̧̫ͷ
ѵ˼䣬̧ӳ򽭳⼸һҪעڵԪֻ𶾶ѻ̸һӳ
ӳ򽭳ʦ֣ӳҲó߻ֵģӳʦ־ͺá
ӳʦֺá
Ц㻹ʦˣ
ӳֲŶԣ
˳ǣƤЦⲻЦ
᳤׽ȫȻºʦǳʪ͸·Ц뿪ȥֵѧͽ
⻹һȺŽˣԴĿʦ߳䣬Ϸš
ͷʦ̧һӣѧͽߣȥϿΣݻûѧء
ȵŵ˵ʣ׽ɹ𣿡
ɹˡʦһߴһЩӲ
˵ˡ
һĿɿڴˡ
׽ɹ˳߻֡
һϢһʮʮ٣ٴǧ
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ѳɤţֺǵЩ˰ԼܣͳЦʹʹϲΣ
ܲ˱µһѿͷҧȴû
ƣѹǽ߬ÿ֨졣
ÿһÿһ䣬⵶ںݺݵѪ죡
ʦ֡
Ǳ𾪵ؿֱֱ
һֱԵǸˣĵ˳߻֡
˾ǰ׽
Ǳһؿڣ䡣
׽
׽֪ĶǱߵġ
Ǳﲻ
Ϣܸܵ
ʦ֣ʦˣˡ
ûǱȾߣ亹ֱð

һһʱ𾪰飬ͷββ
˶ˣҲѾƢԼͽһ㶼ߵѧͽеͽ뷨
۰վһԣƳˣˣʱ֡ӳոЩ»û˵ꡣ
Žӳһ㶣̧ͷɻ
ոǵҩ
˵
۰ѾŲԶֱ̬硣
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͵͵һ۽ŻƽС֣ᡣ
ѵʦ˴ް˴ްһҪѧͽˣ򲻿ٳ顣
ʦͷҳһ
һһֱͷɵѧͽŭȥͽԽԽأѹѹȥ
ľϼɵɫһ۾֪ʲô
Сһʦģûһָ㣬̳ܽС֣ľĻļ򣬵߰ɣȥ۰ء֪۰Ǽһʲô飬Ҫʱֺӳȥ
ʦ
һĨ΢뷨ԻлӦ󣬾Ͳ֪١
΢΢üת뿪ˡ
ڣ˶뿪ˡ
һĵˢһס۾ƣûﲻˣ
Сϰˣ͹ǧ¶һۺεŲߣһǽڷſҡ
߽䡣
ͷڶ棬Ų֪С
ʦһֵۣŲߡ
Ž⼤ֵɧʱֻʣһʱʦһǿԼȥǰ׽ı̬츳˳ػָӦеС
СԺ
ߵԺΨһһûбзֵĵط
۰ʱֺӳصСԺ
ƮſҶʯ£ָĿԶسĬţ֪Щʲô
ӳקһʱֵ䣬ʦ㡭
ꡣ
ʱʾְ
ӳšüվš
˴Űӵʱ䣬۰زʱֺӳ
Ŀʱϣȴ·͸ˣǵҩͶʹߣмĳ𣿡
ʱһ٣ҡͷֻҼΣߣ峤ࡣ
ߡ۰ر֣ɫصУ׽͸
ӳקקʱ䣬ʦ㣬¼ˮ
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ʱ֣Цһ˵ʲôʦôţ
ӳ򴽣εǰǽʵǣҺʦǶȥ鷳
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뿪۰ؿɼ¼ˮ͸Ӱɫϡ
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ԪϣһƵһڿռʰСӰĵطרŶ
һΣҲˡ
۰ѹŵĳԺ
Сӡˣ÷ɡһ䣬˼¼ˮ
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æµһĵҩᰲ
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ֱǷСè硣
ҪҪʦ𣬾ȥ
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Сèһۣʲô
򴽣û˵ˡ
һһè۶С۵Ƭ̣¥һ
һѸٴӴԾ
ľͷѾοһӰڴ⡣
˫ɫ˫ѰУ߾׼ڽϡ
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Ѱ˵һ̣۰ͫ΢΢һ󳹵׿ЦСӣԭΪʦһܡ
˵꣬һڰʧ
ͣ͵ĺδ£۰һٶŪúҲǣҲǣֻÿЦõԪθ۰
л˵



48 
ƽػԭ
۰ּ̧𱣻, ڻڵɫâӨӨţסһƬҹ
Ѿ̱ڵصĽӳ۵, ˫ɫǳضġ
ͷ죬
ող棬۰ضûжԪѹ, ֻǼ򵥵ļɺ, ͽѹʽؽûˡ
۰䵽ϣʰһ֦㽭ļ,Ԫǣʵսûи, Ҳǰ׷ѡ
֦֦ѾɨЩ̲סԴСͽ֪ˡ
۰ؽ֦ҶεƵ,, ָԪ
ɽ˲
۰̫ͣڿɴ洢ռвҶ, СֹʦҲ߯˰ɡ
û֨
Ѱͽ, ۰ؽ˼֮, ʹĻ
罭, ˲߻𡢲ϵİ, ۰ô֪ܲ
ǧ¶ܲµǿǩʥԼ, ۰ֻø
֦۰硣
۰ڿͽ`ͬʱ֦˼£ѵѹƻ𶾾ΪۼѪڶЦһȫǶȫǶ
쳣Ǳֲһֻ֣þһз֦
嫴֣ʵڲУ£ô֦ʲôµġ
ҧո˭ŵֱӴܿռȥģ
졣
۰سŰ֦ˡ
Ѱ˿ľ׮£Ƴһۣ
Ʈһ£ûñ֮İɣ
۰غһУǱӣдʱûٱ顣
۰ˣʰ㻹Ҫӣ
Сһԣ粨ʱŻ
۰ͷգƳ˵˵ɣ궼ʲôԪӤһףͶ߻֡Ǵͷ
Ͱһ£ȥͰ׻޵ݣ˵
ģ͸ϣԭ
۰һ½Ӳһ޵塣
˫ָ󣬲Զɫڳ
ѾСè˳
źҲҪ
һ޲ݣ
ҧ𣡡
˶٣İ壺𣬼ˣ
ɽӦ÷ɿ졣
۰ؽĻϺһֱĬ
û뵽Լͽվѡ˱Լ·
Լħš
ڣҡ
ûбҪյ·ա
۰ţظоиСڰԼ·
ͼһֻɫСèŬצ½ǣӣͰ͵سצӡ
ֿɰֹɡ
-
СͷСɣǰצ½ǰԼĪ۰С۳
ͷ֡
۰ֽСè
Сè˸۰صıСС֫չڿдΡ
˫è̹гһ죬ǳǳؽл
۰һСèë׵ԴСèģɵضһ£
èԼޣ۰򽭳
۰ɫЩЦ߹ָè䣬ǣа嫡
۰صͷè˫è۾Ϻüʥޣ
ȡһǣԪӤʥޡ
۰֪èװԶģʧЦһֻʥңǴСá
Цһ̧֣Сè֧ӣܵС
ʱǿ޲ݣ
ѾͶ۰ز½񾭡
ؿջϢɣҪȥ۰سڰ֣Ҳûۼˣܷ뿪
èĽһ㶣ʦҪˣ
۰أ˾Ϊ˽ͶڶˣҲˡ
ԣè˵ʧ仹Ȼ
۰һۣҴȿ쵽ˣ֮ûˣǵùȥƣ㸸һЩѡ
һ΢΢üҸס
ɭʧ17꣬˵ԭǸˣ֮ǰϵĺƹƶû档
۰ذڰ֣ȥ˾֪ʲôѣսĻô衣
һůͷӦ¡
ҴĸºڲıƴͳҵһȻȫ½ļƴ
ȫ½ļƴУ嶼³ۼȻ²ؼ꣬ҲҪȥʢ¶档
ĬĬţȵᵤҩչȥ󣬾ܳջҿ
۰뿪ǰ˾䣺ţ飬ֱȥУۼҸǷҲԸ
ӦãȻĿ۰ҩڵķԾȥ
̫ʱյĳŲŻʼһߵĵǼŲ顣
;һʵʵŶӣȴǼǡи֤͵Ǽֱ֤ܹǣʡŶʱ䡣
μĴкܶ࣬Ƿ֤鵽Щľ
һλԺյǷٹ񣺡Ѿͨ
ͨĳŻ
ӽӹ֤ɫߡ
ŹϺһȺ˵ը˹Сۣŵ
ǰǰӣܵžǵḱ᳤ͽأ
ʱΪ᣿
һҲǰֱϵֱֵˣֱӷּҳԴŻ̻ɣ
Źȥ꣬һִ̻ˡ˵ȼǰ̻ᣬҲ̻ϵһͷ
ǻֵгϢ㵱ʲôҼҵС𣿣ȫ½ܱȼӵģҲɡ
šţ޼½Ȼɡ
ȴɣһΪֵϵĴ壬ԼǶϵ
ϵ棬ָԴڲľ֮
˵ףÿ֮ÿεļ֮Ṭõδķչ
Ṭ̽ոս˿ԴһĴĪĽһεĴ½ɴǰˣô½ңͣЪ
۰ظջصҩᣬۼҵѶϢ㵽ˣ򵥵֣ٻء
ԼǰϢ۰رڽڶգ˲һļڿԷĵ뿪
֪۰Ҫ뿪صعɵѰͽ
۰Ц£
ڻĶ£۰ίѣзǸƲ磬Сһ㣬ʵڲо͸Ҵţôܱһ
ƿͶϽߡ
۰شЦ漴ʧ
ûصѹƻڵԪѹ뿪ˣڶԪ/ϵһʧˡ
̧Ĳһ١
Сè½֣èס
ˣȥˡ
Ц˵ڲסɫеʧ䡣
èǳǳͷġ
ͷƽβҡţ
ͷϴĴжʱýɵظסһʧ䡣
ڳһֻ֣ѹèԴϣ˳˳ȥ

ҩᣬæµʦõϾʱȻһ¡
ӳԺһλҪļһѡ񼤻˳߻֡
ӳȣλҪļһкͣҶʶı˱۵Ŀ
ӳӳ츳ӳû˰æ
а
һŲ̽䣬ӳɳһʱȴձ骷ɽġʦ
Żصʱ˴֪İԡ
סһˣɵʣ˼˳߻֣λ
˼ţ̹ʴ𣺡һο˵ĵһ׽
׽
ųƬ̡
ϵͷˣǰ׽
û뵽ûأƾͶ˱ŵˡ
ϸڴŲŻλƵÿ˸᳤зķš
ž
Ÿվʲôˤѵ̶úܡ
üţʦš
Ƭ̣зų
ƿţӭŷеһƬңȥ
ôˣλˣŵֱۣʡ
з̧ؿһۣ֪׽𣿡
ſԼָףɫδ֪洫Ǹ߻ֵĴ
ɲʲôз³һСӣеš۰ˣԳֻ
ͲҪ۰ذæǰ׽ݳ߻࣬ӳҪ˳
Ų̧ץصֻ֣۰سϣʧܾˣ
зֽ߬ɫ䣺۰ˣԻļƻҲҪȡˡ
ưô꣬͵һ죬Ǵе۰ˡ
һмƻҪ
̧Ħ°ͣƬ̣з۰ػǼ£Ҳһˣʦ𣿡
зšü˭
Ҹ硣ɿվţĮҸϵҪæĵطʱȥ̻ᣬݡ
зɫͱ䣬죬ȥ
л˵



49 ¹Ŷ߶ɹ
, ҪĿġ
һǳԴѹ̻ᣬ£ơ
£²
̻ỹæµ֮ʱ̻լԺ
̻󼫴, Ҳ⿪ţֻܽӣð룬̼, Ȼһμ䡣
Ӳ, ⶾԸܵһ飬Ŷ϶ǲݣ
ǲݣһʹǳ, εĶݡ
ʲôǱиҸأ
ô˵仰ʱӱ֪, ǲݻ
ؼһ㣬ⶫ¶練Ƶػóɹ
ֻǳСǲݣһºԭ侲ţͱֻһ˷Ըľż
ֻϧǲѵ, ά, һһʱж˾ͻ˯, ֱҲѲ
ɱˣҪĽ, ײٿһ˲Ŀꡣ
ߵ, ̧, ߴܱתŵת˷, ¶һխ·
, һһſȭͷСҹСݡ
ҹӦɢ׵Ĺâ
һţעԪ
Ƭ̺ҹӲ𣬶Էֻһ֣˵
ӱϹϾضңλϻˡƺЩԾ
꣬Է̬ɵģ˵
ĳ˳ԽΪǲֻܽһʱ鷳ǵƿܵһݡǸƣ˰ߵƿܵ
ȥӴˣƼǿͷǸӣΪá
ԷĬһ˲ڵҿһ£û飬͹ص
ǣ͸ˡ
ҹӦ飬ʯĩѩ䣬һء
һӵ壬һ
ҹŸһֱ
ӺкŲȥ亹߳
뿪Сӣ֧𼹱´Ӧеķǡ
ҩᡣ
½糺ɫҩϸϸС
ⵤҩЩҩĶ
Ʋʹõҩĺ󣬿ʼʵ飬ÿμһζҩģһνһεʵ飬֪䡣
һʵ鿪ʼǰ򻺻ֱ˸īɫʯ顣
һۣƣ硣
Ϻáдһɢûɣ
һ½סľû𣿡
ǲЦһת˵£ƣֵ£𣿡
¯еҩ½ֵۣáʦҰ׽ǵο˵һ켤˳߻֡
ǣһźճ
š
ЦԽԣܵһ϶ǲУɣҲ㡣
ϵĹâʧӲľʯ˲ɷĩ
ĩƲ
߻ص¯ϣ侲ؿʼһʵ
ҪȥҩģǶԸ߽ʦ˵п޵ĺƲݡ

ҩᣬ쿼ʽѧϰĵڶ졣
һᣬ˼е۰עĿ
ǧ£ô
ɻ󣺡Ҳ𣿡
ǧµջ᳤ˣ˵ĳ߻ֹΣգӳһѧϰˡ
˵꣬ʦ͸ں溰׽һˣ᳤㡣
Źǧǲ绨ЦԸܵͷ۵ζ
ڻƤӵ£ôװ׾
ʧ㰡
أԶȻʦ뿪䡣
ߺʱը˻
׽ǵһⵤѧͽɣ
ӳʦֵҲûֱȥ᳤ѧϰ
Ҳ𣿸᳤ʦʵʵѧϰ
԰׽ǲˡ
ӳʵʵѧͽѧϰʱ󣬲ȥĳ߻֡
׽һ뵤͸ô̡
ǧ翪ˮڵ䣬棺׽˼
ѧͽǺ뷨Ƿֿѧϰ¶ʵʵˡ
ʱ֡ӳʽɡ׽רʦ
ѰʱʦֵҲڡ
ʱһ۷ġ׽Цһ£Եȡ
һԣʱֽСƿӽƳĵҩûôߵҩЧڶУע⵽вʣһҪ뿪
ƿӣ̹Ȼصл
£ʱȻ
ǵʱͶĵҩѪͶԼϵĵҩ
ʱⶼܸ̣
ԱߣһֵȴЩʧ
߬סһСƿӣҧҧʦ֣Ҳȥع
ô룬඼Ϊȱϯıʵֻ˵һ䣬ָ󣬴ߡ
·ʱϳλҩʦ
Եͷʾ⣬Ȼ뿪
ʧ˼˲ǰȸĲ
ɫҴң񣬷ʧȥ˹ʡ
ʦֵܳԶӳӲԺгϲ󣺡ãԸȥࡪ׽ô⣡
㡢㡪ӳɴۣŽһ𾪣㲻ʦİɡ
ԣʦҲԣڲСĹ죡ʦ֣ԺҾʦˣ
զզģͲ㵸
쳣ЩԽӳѵóĬһ˲
Ƿ˵ӳǹƧĮš
Ǵ
ʱ֪µĵεظӳͣȻ󳯽һЦСʦܣӭ
ӳͷšüΪˬ
ֲʢһñҵ껹ߵжͣ㶼ûһʦ֣𣿣
һۣȻĬĬŲߣʱֵʦá
ʱЦݸԼСʦܺá
أʦ֣
ӳšüϸļֲЩ
ɹ롣
ұ󡣡
ӳдʣұȰʦţ
ûаݻ᳤Ϊʦ
ӳһҭˣ
Ŷ͵Ϊܶ˿ţ˼㶪ӡ
ʲôء
һξ͹ˣزܺԼõܽСʦ֣
Ȼ׵˺󣬵öඪ˰
ӳ
صɽ
ĬĬŲߣ졣
ţʱһЦȻתСԺȥ
ֻӳ첽ʱ֡
ӳ͵ʦ֣
泳
ʱֽŰݼ࣬ʽ
ʦϿһξưٱ飻ʱֿᣬ˵һѪ
иճʦ֤ԼСһӳ
ӣպϡ
εѧͽʱ䣬ڻСԺѧϰհϻصпˡ
һСһ󿼣ۻʽŰ
ʼռݰס
׽֣Ҳһĸ߹ҰףԶ
һǰƾ衸ߵһʱΪ֪
ڵҩѧͽ˵ڣ׽Ǹͳ֡
˵꼻һֵө棬׽Ǹͷҫ̫
ӿʼ˵ڣܼǧİٵҩĿˣʮŵҩƣһʮθͻˡ
ڡ׽ֺֻ֡֡
ÿĿʱ󣬴Ҷһʦǵľ񹥻
׽Ҳŵѧͽһ
츳ȻҪҪŬ׽ţһʮʱأ
ڷܣֻ̿࣡Ҫ
ѧͽQAQ
˵ˣǧ¶ѵ߶Թۣ̫Ѩȥ徻
аͰ͵ƽ״磬΢һ㣬һòã
ָȻ
ʧЦ
ѧͽѧϰĵʮ죬գۼ䣬ȥ˽¡
¼䣬ԼѧϰٶȣŬʹԼڷٳɳʮڷܵĹš
ºһٽʦĴš
Ȼ´ŵףȫܸɳ飬Ҳû취
Ļ˭ʣ
ǽֻܰƴǸ߻ˡ
ţ㿴ӳʦ16ʱͻʦ18ʱͻףҲûô֣Բԡ
ӳһۣװװ
˵˭ֱ۵ط֡׽ĳɳǿ϶ӳ
ͬó߻ֵģǰ׽Ǹ͹
ƾʲôһ²ԻֵȾֱԼ
ƾʲô
ӳô꣬ǵһαһŴñͷᡣ
ʱְο͵һµÿ޵ѧͽǵ·̰ɡ
ӳۡһ޵øˡ
죬Ŷ䣬ʱֱһĴָ
ʦࣩ֯ţ
ʱ޹̧ʵʵ˵ˡ
ڵһ£ɹعȥˣýЩӦ
ֱ嫴˸УŶ߶ںˡ
Ȼ
ҵڵļƤֱϣһ̾ı̻꣬š
Сèͭǰ
֮ͭУȻ/ȥ¶Ƥհ˵ǰ㣬⻬
δµĳ࣬һʱЩ㱡
ĵﴦһöɫ̾߾ͣǿɢ̹Ͷʯԡ
Ŷ߶أںϳɹ
ڴͬʱΥı˻𡪡
ٵߴοˣŶ߶壬ᶾʯ˳ɹ
ٵڰ˴οˣֲϵ壬ᶾʯ׼һʱѡ嶾ء
л˵



50 ̻ᱻ
һʱѡء
ŲǧҳۼҴ, ѡ֢
пʴԪͶʹľŶ߶ȱʲôأ
˲Ķ
һƪ, ȴһ
ЩôںϣܱѲҪϴ𣿶ɵʱȣʱһһ
εعϴ, ,ֲϵ˵֣һ֮Ҫôѡ
嫴Ƿ, ʮʱأ
ʮʱ
ɴϴ, ͷ˯
ЩûϢʱ
Ŷ߶سɹᶾʯڿԺú˯һΥһʵ̹
ʶδʱ, ջ͡䡹һը
͵ؾѡ
ⲻ, ǿԪըߵĳ
ȼԽܵĲԽǿ
״̬
ƿ, ⿴
嫵ԱߣǧҲˡ
ǧͬԪӤһ׵ˮƽ, ܸܵɲ, Ϊ֡
ǧ¿˴, 㲻ϸ
ڴ, Ĭ
ϸϸһ, Ⲩ޵Ԫ
΢΢¡
ԪӤܵҲޡ
Ŷߣü̻ˣèӴ㣬ȻѴӹ
ϴεῼܲԪ˻ûŪ嫲
һʱصϣĿ
һʱ
߽ҩᣬͼСѡǧΧһ
ų֪ȫԵĹǰ㵸ﻹдʣ˵òֺģ
һ·ʦҲȥ˼䣬Ȼ£
˵ʲô
ߵǧߣ档
ǧ²ͷЦ˵Ϸ飬ûʲôը𣿡
ɫЦЦ˯Щû
ǧüÿɷ
ѽǧ¶㣬϶ֻԪӤڵǿܸܵ
ڰ֣һıϣ̻һߣ˵ǾŶߣǽڴԲʵأ
̻ᣬŶߣȻࡣ
΢ЦڴԲľŶߣ̻ʵ𣿾ЩЦɡ
װģҡҡȣһ㲻˵Щ̻˵ģȱ
仰飬潲ûɫ
̻ڵҲŵͬáݡ츳ߡΪʻ裬
ҹֳɵ飬ҿ̻ţⰬֵš
һϻûףΪһԲϣ֡
ǸʱΣ̻һͻбǽ𵤾Ž׵ǿ߾в
Ⱜֱˣֲˣǲ֪ӺζĳһǿߣŰ̻ᡣ
Ϥǿ󣬸϶ǾǾŶߣʵڽ𵤾ŽףҺпԪӤڵߡ
һô˵˶ô˵æڵŹơ
Ŵ˿ҳ˾Ŷ߶أųжǾʲô
˵ҡͷԵҪʦֿˣûǾŶߡڴԲԪӤڵľŶ߰һ̫ˣ
ԪӤڵľŶߣĿˡ
䲻ģһӹĮɤûκ
ʶͷȥĿײϺ󣬽ס˸
סʦ֡ҡҡҾǣġ̻ᶼ˵
¿ˮͰ͵ػء
ͷɢ࣬ڱ䡣
飬ȥϢ
һۣ汻޵Ķˡ
ԣδֻǵͷлˡ
󣬲ҳĿ뿪
͵ɳһʦҲ̫˰ɣ
žߴ
ԼڳѼϡ
ɥ̫ˣ
ԣ̻Ĵ£Ŷ̻¶ʱʹ֪
һȥӷصѳǰ̻ᡣ
ǩԼŶߣžŶֵǷ꣬Ҳΰæո
ң;Ŷ֮ıԼع⡣
Ҫ̻ǩԼ¶¶ˣǿɾ;ˡ
϶ߣתԪԵҩʧ
̻ᡣ
ֵ̻һ⣬̻漸һ
飬ҶѣǰʯʨӶмѿһƬǽ塣
̸Դ󿪣˶ֹֻĻǹߵۡ
ֱü
嫡̻ᣬϷ
ú֡
Ϊ½һ̻ᣬ̻Ȼû㹻¶
ſվƬ̣û˳Ѳ߷ûС
ͣټ˲̧ߡ
δߵ䣬Ҵլ˥ܵϢ
ֲݰܣɽ顣
֦ҶأֶѣСɽ㷢ùĿݰɭС
˭

Ȼʺڽ󣬵ס̽Եһ
ܵϤϢסɣתֲ΢Цң
ѵ
ֲصг촽ߡ
Ҵլ
Ⱜڴϣ鷢ţСҰɫ촽ϸǷŹŹֵϡ
ֲڶҪҴլӵŲãǽڵһشˣθ
ԪѾ߹Ⱜȫ࣬ûõҩûʦҩʦ𣿡
ֲ£ҩᱻзѳţ⼸еĵҩҩĶ̻ʣҩࡣֻһöĵξѵĵҩûˡ
з
ⰵ˰᳤أ᳤𣿡
᳤ֲҡҡͷ̻һᣬͻᱻŷ֣ǿȫҲʦҲû취᳤
᳤ȻѾȨˣü
ٿԪ߹Ⱜ־һѾ顣ֲιµǿŻĵⰬָŲڡ
վϣֲָӵӷҸ
ֲ
ֻĽ׻׵ĵҩܹⰬ־߲ףҲûƾľ顣
¶ֻһࡣ
Ⱜס󣬽Ѹ뿪صҩᡣ
۰ҹСԺ㲻
Ժţ᳤ǰ׽пհæ𣿡
ˣ˭
š
Ż΢üɫ̻ӣⰬ֣ѣĵаʱá
üѹ·

ⰬִѾһʱ֮ˡ
ֲһ/ҹδߣ֪Ⱜ־޸úһɣ̨ס
סס̻һĹǣ
ֲرסһӲǳŹһͷĿѣ
Ȼ뻪࣬ûαװߣֲؽϵĺ߿һȻ֪ݡ
ֲؿЦһֱó˶߾˭뱻ŶȥˣһңҲûٷֳˡ
Ҹһ£Цֲᾭ̣ɱ¸
ֲؼѵҡҡͷѵ̧֣һĨ˳䵽ǰ
Ĩ⣬¼ˮ
ֲص뿪죬Ŷɽ飬֤ǡߵƵĵҩ
ֻһ䣬΢΢Ȼ
ǣֻأ
ƾȻײ¼
¼¼ˮ֣صллŶߡأ
Ъŷ˸ˡ
һȦټ̻ҲֲغⰬ֣඼ˡ
ᵽֲ࣬͵߬ȭҧгݵˡ
ˣʲô˼
ֲػ˻ŵ;ŶĪʼˣҲ¶˾ŶߵϢൣ;ŶߵԼ˷ֺ󣬻Ӱ̻ᣬҹʧˡǰɳȥС벻
ĥ֣ʲôĪĹΪŶΣ½еķ
ĪĹ
ֲҧʱһԵһ£Ҳûó֡һͳȥŶҲֱӻûɱ塭ºѹ˵Ҳ֪ʲô顣
Ѿ˵ˣǻֲҲ֪вԾ
̧ͷ򽭳Ŀ¶
˵ϵⰬǬλãȥ
ֲ۾һæӦ¡
ⰬǬĻظܿ죬ûԶ̫ɽʱвɽߣдϡ
¶·ͻȻ֪ԼҶˣֱӱŭ
ķŭʵģ
ⰬǬյɽͷۣţλһϻˣҵøС
ŵһϣţϤţûϡ
ⰬǬ̾ͽ𹫻̫࣬Ҹ߲
ڰ֣æɣ̻Ұ㿴š
ⰬǬ۾һתŭΪ֣Ǹãʮ޲ݡֲأ̻ỹ޲ûø
ֲأ
Сè͵ءһ˷ܵذ䡣
嫺ٺЦⰬǬ˾ǿףϵ
л˵
ҪڵĶһλСɰ¶


51 ڣħ
̫, һʱת۾ʧˡ
᳤ͻصᡣ
·ʣôʶⰬ֣
һ٣ǳЦһ, ʶ𡣡
಻ÿɷֵ󻹳ֱס鷳һ¡
̧ͷ侲,Ѿзܿ, ȥ𣿡
Ĭţ˫֣ص͵͵ҲʺϹ, Ϊ˹ᷢչòŽȨ˳ȥҵһõĹߣҽȨһ, ҲǿԵġ
ؿŽҵ˼𣿡
Цܲ˼֮ǽȨû, ȻָⰬΪзΪ, ղˡ
Ⱜֲ϶£ɫЩ
£ҩܳΪĳЩų켺Ĺߡ
ϣ, ԡôأ
ඨ뽫һºĵҩչ׸̻, ̻, ÿ𣿡
䴽, ζ,ÿ, ǱС
һº󣬵Ὣٰ쵤ҩչһһȵʢ£Ӱ˿֮ǰᡣ
Ψһͬĵڣʲôҩչֻҩ
ʦԼƷ̻ռհɽܶȷҩչһ
Ϊ˱ֹƽʦȼзֿ
³ɹΪʦôʦѧͽ
ⳡʢᣬǸʦ̨Ҳѧͽʢ䡣
һˣǴӴĬĬţȫһᡣ
̻ᣬֲ˵̻궼ûйҩףֻҪõһҩչľٰȨ֮ǰеһɨա
ǵҩչĵλ
ԵʱýڵҩչϲƣҲд˿ǡ
໰ѾˣԿɼȨľġ
֮ǰǰϹۣһӳûĿ½
ڽһֽ࿴˺߰ô̵סз
ͻصᣬҪȥ࣬ȻأѰ
΢΢ס
̧Ŀͽ뿪ʧڳĺС
вɽ
Ѱ˸׳֦¡
ߣҰ㼫俪һš
ոߵʱֲҪѽʣ޲ŵҪʱԹȡ޲ݡ
ⷬҭ嫵ǳԵʮֿġ
Сèڿ޲ݣһһģЧѣýֱ˯
Աѽĺɫ
СèŶƤý
һèӣһʶɢ
вɽǴ½ص֮һṬ٣вɽ
ûвɽжʥޣҲûһǿܶ϶ɽǷǴ˵ŵޣһжδ֮ա
ǿ߶޴ֵĵطȴࡣ
Ͼ޵Ԫ
вɽӭޣӭʥ޻ؼҡ
ʶɢһʱСèءһ
嫳ǣŶ߳ѨǸд򶷡
ٿȻʧ
ŨŨҹĻ£ɱ֡
ʹȫֻ룬ѾѪദＸ˺÷顣
ŶߴļϣƲɫĹţ;ƿݵһʱϨ
סҴȥҩᡣɳƣ־ס
־ǾŶ߸Լ֡
㡭ߡ
΢΢ǰ΢£͵塣
Ҳߣ
˻
Ŷų鴤һ£ɳ˵㲻ߣЩˡǣסڡ
һϣľ
ڡ
ȴԼĶ䣬ϴȥһμ䡣
Ǵ½аײе֯
˵ħޣ˵ڵ޳г˵ûԣɱΪ֡ĥΪ֡
ħˣڵռһԭ
֮ǰֻ֪ԼΪħޣ¶ݺܱų⡣
ֱУһƷ
ʱη֮Ҳ֪˹ڵء
ֻ£ȴǲ̿֡
;ŶĪֵعһӦ롣
뿪̻ᣬԲܸӺ̻鷳
ûʰҹǣ㵽ŶߵĳѨУ̶̻ա
˭֪һȥˣδҹĻлعѨʹɱ
Ȼ˦ĵë
ɫģẹ̈һ̴ܴ˸ߵʯͷ
Ŷߵը룬Գȫս̬
ɿػ֪Ŷߵ뷨֪һλسѨĹ
ɫẹ̈һ˸ߵĳ죬ëӭĺ⣬ɬ
಻
ҺþŶ߳Ѩߣ˳һصĵ·ѡ
δʱڶѨȵ˸׺ݵĹ
ŶֲʥޣŶߵһȣߡ
һ䣬ͱŶƳսȦȻȺʥ޿ʼΧŶߡ
սʼ֮һӰڰУɫҹ̹ǡ
ڻֻһ仰ŶߣԸɱԼߣ㲻
Ŷߡ־ֻΣ粻ҪǮӿĶظǸ֣Σ
ǩƽԼһ塣
ܡҲ־Լȥ
ͷУǿͻһףִڴԲ;Ŷɺ塣
ǩƽԼ˫ʵʱܻûʹõףʵһںϼ
ɫĶȣһͷŶһǿеֿӲʥްΧȦɱһѪ·
ҲɱһѪ·
֮ǰɫŪţ·
Ŷ߼ͷжأؾؿݽߣûϣ
סطȣͷһ㶾أӲŹģɼǡ
Ұɡ
Ŷػһβͣ࣬١
ʣĶܹ֤ӳвɽ
༸ҧһ֡
ۿ׷ʥ޾ҪˣഭһƿЦ־һѳɡ
Ŷţء˹һ£ŲҪҷ¡
ɫѾƮй΢΢Ȼ׼ĺ󱳡
ĮŲţǶ
ǡ
ңڽ
סȣ޿ӣЦرۡ
룡
ɲǼ䣬һХԶݺ
ٵɹɰĹ͵ɢ󱳣һ۵̻
ۡ
ڵĿУһֻɫͻԾȻ죬۶
ɢģһϤڳ
ǰٷ߰ѲļΪһݺײϹЮɱĹ
һգþȡ
ɫ˻ۡ
𹭼ָȻλڴװŪ籨һʤ
㻢үү
Х̧ɫľƣڿеˡ
սһ
֮ʥڰɫڻХ쳹ɽ֡
ЦһЩӽҡ
˵꣬޴ĻӰ˶ֱֱȺ
ֽڵɽϸһ㵭̹⣬ݺݵس˴ȥ

ʻƺҹâ˸ԴƷľˡ
ɫ˼ܹһȴӲ潣ɢıɫâ
âӴһ˲ͫž֡
ز׽һ㡣
һ˼Ͷйסɡ
ڵҹУһ̵Ĺâţө赸ȴûөţǽ
ǵһΣϸ˶ء
һĨ˼ת˲ţֻץסһ㣬ȻͬʱŶ߶ء
һʱ䣬ĵıɫ밵ɫڰнӳȼ˰졣
ɫ˵һٴܿ
֪âʲôҰ޵ֱܡ

ϣٴλûΪ߰ѡ
磬쵽·쳤ֻһգۣвǧѽӰϴʹԵ۰óޣԽҲм˽⣬Ϊ졢׼ݡ
ǰ㽭һ㡭
ʱδѧⲢԽӰˣֻҪ쵽Է޷мܣǾһʤ
ɸ߰ѷֽǡɾ͸˽ᡣ
ɫ˲ܣֱ޿̣쳤ХһХɽ֡
¡
һ͡
һϤӿͷֵԽ
࣬ҡ
ɭƵ
ֽգɫ໺¡
ǰǰɫӵϵ·Ѿըϲϱëŵ֧顣
ۣëԼ
ǰ
֮ӣ
ų⡢·޹;顣
ֻҪ֣۵а
ħ
˼ͣת䣬ָԵħͳצ쵽Ҫ˿
ٶȡԪȼ
һࡣ
ͫ֡
޿ɱܣɴסΣԪעɡ
գۼ䣬ڵ/ȥںڣ˸財
ɵʽ쳾
һĨѪ̫˲硣
ͳħʱХűա
ɵʽþԻзʶ
һա
ڵأǿ䵽硢ŶԣѾԪҲһɨա
ԶɫĻ쾫׼𽭳࣬롣
ʥȺһɽȡ
˻ȴֻԼ챻Ĩ̫޼¡
Ƭ̺ħеײײƮȻڵϡ
ԡѪëյýƲ
ͻƼʥӿߣ밧
ǰħǿһһһŬ֪֪ͨͨҵġвɽСħޡΪȡȡް׻
л˵
ҪȥԣԿܻ㷢ʮһӣϹ



52 ǲ
׻ǩԼ, һγߵζ
ǩԼֻҪһܹһ֧š
ڽ, ֮ǰˡ
ǰ׻ıܣʶǰֻҪ嫻һͻܡ
ǿ, ڰ׻, ָԪ
ø׻С
֮ǰڶսǽȻս˱֮Ы, ֮á
еһһŴзȱһ
ơ
ڿ׼ݵĻ, Ҫص˺޻֮ȴȡʤ
еĿƶ쳾ߣսеôͲ
ָһԪ
ỽ嫡
ѾʧȥʶֻҰޱܵıܡ
̧֣Ű׻ļ
ë˳, 嫱, ë۸һ¶á
嫡, ſ֣ͼס׻
ڰ׻Ķ, ţûǳˡ˵𣿡
, ׻ܵ֫ڿʼóٶ, ֱͣ͡
׹һ, 䵽ϡ
һֻɫСè̱ڵء
Сļ, צ棬мᵽš
ֱ̧Сèèһ¡

СèŬ֧ӣ۷۵ͷһ½ա
ֻһ£Сèûè۽գԹȥ
èڻУһۻָЩࣺܷ𣿡
סͬԵľŶߣ˴صͷԡ
ˡޣҹĻ»գصջ֮ϡ
˵ǿԣҲѾǿ֮ĩ
ŵ˿ջײײסǽڣʹ̱ˣǽ˹ȥ
һΨһǿƵˣֻнˡ
̾һߵСèޱϢȡ飬ˡ
ŶǶĹȺһߴشƤˡ
Ĩ˲׵ĽҩȻעһԪ
Ŷ߻ججһߵлһǿ壬࣬һգգ
Ƿθܴصһˣ˱ನɨ˺󱳣໹á
ϸϸһ£ԪȴľĪɬ
谭Խ˵ɬ˵
Զˡ
־̧Ŷߣü΢£ʧǰЩ飬ϸģһһ˵
Ŷһ㶣̻
裬һҲûʲô顣
һܣص̻ܲ˳˵ڶܣֱ˫սظңⳡսͣЪ
ڶδĪٴţֱҪⰬַȨ
¾ǰ̻Ⱥ˳򣬻ֵ⼸̻꣬ȱ˵ҩ֮һ
ϣ̻Ϊ췽̻Ҳֻ̻῰ƽ̻ռɣʣĳɲ̻ܶ
ƽȴŲ췽ֳɣȻ⡣
쳳Լ߲ݡ
ⰬֱֵٷҲˣ˵ĲǷֳɣ̻еһĵλ
̻飬ֻʣʱΣ̻ת𣿡
Ŷ룬ͷߵֻЩطҲֻЩˡ
ָߵ棬Ƭ̵ԪҪֿ
Ŷһ
ѾԪȵ̽Ŷߵľ
Ŷţʵ̽
ţԪǻģһ֪̽
ǲݡ
˶֣еΣնֲ
ۣɫء
ŶСʣɣжˣҵĶػ
һۣɫӣû˵ֻԷڴɳ
ǲݣ֮ǰϴССκá
ϵĵҩ㣬ֳҹĻһ˵ҩᣬೳѡ
һλʶûʣͳһסĽסĻĵȫ
СɽĵҩƿʼԼǲǵˡ
ֻԹԵ˵ȥˣС
һҭ˶ٵҩ
ฺ̧֣࿴⼸ûᣬʣµʱͶˡ
˳Ŀȥͼרһһ㷿ߵҩˢˢš
ĿвʮܣԹ㣬ԼĪмǧƿ
ǽĬջʡ
żʮƿҩصջƺˣȻȥ嫲Ԫ
ԪָһֵСèĺ𽥰
壬βṴסָʶ˼˯ȥ
Сèܹԣȫ»Ὣצȫȥֻ档
ϵһڣʱ仺ƽ賿
ָȫ֧ߵǰؾһ
İõһ
༤ƽèצӣֲ˵;Ŷʶ֣һ𣿡
һͷʶħһһҶŹ֮ĻȻҵ־ͲʼۼԪһعѾ־ҲԳ˱塣
ŶֱۣͷǰţܸܵһУƲסҵĶ˼룬ڵʱԳȻ顣
ȷе֢״ڳ׵ʵ˸ոյĲ²⡣
̧;Ŷߣһǲݡ
ǡݡ

ѴŰӵĹ򣬽ʲôǲݺ󣬱û˵ָظè
໹ⳡجġ
ҪţǾͼǲݣһجج¶߿Ƶľż
Ҫô;ܾǲݣֱ
ľʱ򵥵˲š
ʱӣ̶ȻƶҲβ
Ӵϻ˯ȥСè
ܾ࣬㣬Ҫһ¡
ɫ߾׼ϣһ£Ҳǲ𣿡
ԣ
Ȼ
Ѿ͸ʪܵ˺ķţȴᶨޱȡ
ջߣԸңֱӸҪһµļ١
˵仰κʵĻᣬֱӷ/£رۡ
Сèϣ壬ʱϸ΢ĺࡣ
һ֮䣬Ѿʶѡǲϡ
ѡʼһ̣ⱬȫȫ
񾭣ǲݵɣʧȥʶ
ջУඨվš
ĿŽȻʧȥʶһͣȻҲһԿʼ
ʱֶݡ
һΡ
һš
ٴƽӿʢ֡
ͷ½ǻຮѼ䣬ٽ߾ۼһͺ«ʽĹὨϡ
ҩᣬҩչ
뿪չʱ䣬ֻʣ졣
쵹ʱҩῪʼʱ׼ʱۡ
ãһ˲գۼָ峺
貵Ľɫʯĵлת
ǲݣ۳ɹ
֪˶ܵ༤վֱ;ŶһŽĿת
ѵСèֱϽļ
۾ءһ
һǵزһɫͷŽĶ䡣
ɪһ壬СèЦˡ
ˡ
ͬһʱ䣬ҩᶥ¥졣
ҩ𵴣Ե쳹δ˵עӡ
è΢תǱ־Եĺ«
ҩչ쵹ʱʼ
л˵
ŹǸ£ǶСףˣ


53 Ǹˣ
ջ
Ϣ, ˸Сʹ£һһʮظ㱨һ﷢顣
˯ĵһ졣
ɫհ£ʱ־, ѯ
ΪͽܣʱܴҲʶ
ʱ֣Ƭ, ûʲôڡ
ʱֱʣ׽ǲ, Ҫ𣿡
˿˳ʱ׳Ļ˵Ҫһµļ٣𣿡
ʱֿͷ, ׽תú鷳תһ, ҩչǰһܱʦҲǰ˽Ӵ
ҩչһ֧̫չܵĹעҲӰ졣
ͷӦ¡
˵ҩչˣʱֱת뿪
һµ, ֻʱһ, ֮ûš
Ͼǳһµʱ䣬ѧͽǾͿѧ, 츳ģ㹻ɴӶ׵׵׼
׽ʧһ, ѧͽڿԲٽݱ, ѧͽа,׽ķҲһǧ, ǰʮİ, 䵽ʮ
ѧͽ񵥵ơвеһǧµڶ
ҩչչĴһȦѧͽ񵥣Ƕʦǵĵһӡ
ڶʦԼѧͽְ֧ϣƵƱһк͹ǧµܺ͡
˸пƿֱڶһȵˡ
ҩᡣ
ҩչĵʱʼʦǶʼûûҹѧϰ
һʦæµڽʡԼơ
֪ڶλ΢Ц뿪ᡣ
λܳ˵ˣԼȥͺãǧʱ䡣
ǫֻǺһΣǳô˵ʱأ
˻ຮѼ䣬ڵҩſڵٻᡣ
һλϵЦ
ת뵤ᣬӭϼλͬʱһѧͽǡ
ƣλѧͽ۾һ׷״кʦ֣ҩչҪĵҩ׼𣿡
⻰ʵģʦֻҪ׼һöߵѹˣ
ǰʦ֣ε㡣ҪͬΪʦܻͶƱҶѹ׬㻨Ǯ˹
ҩչϵְ֧һľ֣ѹʤˣͿԷֵ˵Ǯ
ܶ٣׬һһ㣬ֿҩչ˶ƱϣƵңңȣܹ뵤Ἰ֪ʦᲢˡ
ĻǼķУյȫգ̹
ܲ˵Ц䣬뿪ְ֧ʣѧͽϵĵʮأôоûˣְ֧϶û֡
ѧͽʮ׽
΢
ӵһ䵽ʮһֱ֣ǵÿһο˼ֺ½ƽ֣μġ
˺ʵ׽˷ܵļλѧͽǶʱĬĬ
УǷ·ܸܵǴδֿ֧Ŀ־塣
˶һۣذЩ塣
ôͰǸأ
̻ᡣ
ŵ£зһμλӡ
з΢Цʾһ裬ݸ
зܳؽӹȻŲյֹӡ
ԹóһСӣϣָѹӱأзơ
зɨһۺӣǡ
Ӷ裬Цһи᳤óԸĶ
з촽䶯£Эºӡ
һ裬Ƶʣ᳤յλͽܣֵ𣿡
зüҰĲС²üԦ
ӳƬ̣ǰ׽أ˵λҲǺճʦ
ᵽ׽зȻڣСޣ۽ɸأ
㷴Ӧ΢΢üԼҵܵһۡ
վֱ壬ɢʦ׽һ𣬽׽ܾˣһȺѧͽ档
Ȼ
룬׽һûҩˣһٵĵҩչûʲôˡ
üɻ󣺡׽һûʲôԭ򣿡
ʼ磬ʲô²ⶼУؼǻ᳤˼٣ʦҲ˵ʲô
ӰŲ豭ǣʣ׽£ļֵ𣿡
зüͷһš
ŵģ츳ٸߣû취ǰ綼Ǹӳһûмֵ
зߡŲ䣺ѡ񼤻߻ֵʦǴģǶԼмŵӹţ
ˣǳ״£׽˼
ϵ£׽ʱӾЩ⣬ڿǱߵ߲˽ʦ
Ըжϡ
Բߣվзͳ̻ᡣ
뿪ʱŻͷһ䣺ⰬǴΣƾǰ׽͵뵤ҩ˻᳤
Żδʧӹ߳飬ɫ
ֳķӦű֪ǰ׽Ѿ˺
ɵ뿪
˵ȫ뿪ŭһûҵࣿ
Ҷլĵģֻкɳɳ
󣬲һػش𣺡Ѿѱвɽûҵټ
ǾͼңҲȥҲȥҰɽ䣬һһҷң
ѹסԼͻȻӿıꡣ
಻ļƻҪľŶߣˣɣ
ջ
Īһ⡣
̫Ѩ˼ŹԼһûϢŪЩ㱡
ﺰ࣬һ¡
̴ߵС
̫գԼĪĸʱУܹǶصĵҩ
ǶغԪںϺɢھµǶ룬ԭеǾͻᰲֵַĴš
ʱ䲻£Ƕؾͻᱩʼƻ
ǶԵ״ƵöǽⶾһصĴ
жضۼ󣬽ܽһ򾡡
Ƕʲô
ǿҵǶ
öжǶֱ˻ԣź˲ͣס
ⶾԸŶߺͰ嫿һһ㶡
嫸п㲻ʦĺܿ
ƳһۣԪתһ·׷Ƕαȫ
ⳡɨ˽һʱ
֧ĵº󣬽ŻչԵĺ顣
תľŶһ٣˻ջš
ղһ˲Ȼ֮ǰûгĸо
ϢŶߣǲǸоһᣬĳĸܣ
ŶߵԴµӦˡ
ǲص˿һɣڵԪͿʼת
ǲںϳɹ㣬Ҳ֪ԪӤһνס
̧һɫ̫˶ʱɴѹһѹʱ䣬¥
ҩᣬȺӿΪӭӵҩչļʯڴм䣬֪˵עӡ
Ŷ߶ظϣԭȺģ󣬲ߡ
ɨһ۰񵥣ѧͽ񿼺˰ϣ׽ڵʮλʱЩ졣
һûƽ־ȻҲֻʮλ
֮ǰĲ࣬ĺܴ󡭡
˶עӰ񵥵ʱ򣬽ͷߡ
ߵԼȺֶ࣬һСľײһ˵ļ򣬱ײ˵ʹѹŭ·׽
ϤĺĿȻһͣͫ״ֲѣ׽㲻˳ôˣ
һţ̧һ۾ֹſ˿˿ˡ
ҡû߰˭˵˵ģ
գգۣλþһ沿չֳ𾪱ЩȻ
ڵһ£ﵽ״Щʲô
Ƭ̺󣬵ѧͽΪĵҩչ׼ʱһ˵ײײܽ
˲˲ˣǸˣ
ɻ̧ͷ˭
׽
л˵



54 綾
׽ˡ
̶֡
ʱ籩ϯ, ѧͽǡ
ϢֱӶһĵҩ䣺׽أ
ԲС¹, ϲѣĻ𣡡
˸ոպͽײϣڳ˷ܵߣһ
ˣСħҪ, ⵤҩչϻ¶ķ
˵, ƶռô
вܲ˵ҪȥˣҲ壬˾ͷӬһһΡ
ǧ¸ں, ̲ס̧̫Ѩͷ۵϶ǵһʱٰ, ʲô
˽Ųһ٣һͬʱ򵤻󷽻᳤סԺӣȻˡ
ǿûǸʸ͵Ӵ᳤䡣
סޡ
ǧ˵һʱȻҪһࡣ
֮ǰǻʱαļԼ֪ݡ
ʮֺ, ʲô, ȻܴҪ뿪ᡣ
ĺģվڻԺǰ, ̧ţ᳤ǰ׽
ԺӦظԺû, ɡ
ƿԺ, ߡ
ֻ˼, ӭһֻּӳ
ڿϻˣӳ, Щɭҧгݡ

Ų, Աһһվʦͽˡ
ԣǶλ˸ʲôڷߵɣ
ʱᣬЦǳСʦܣʦѧϰΣҪûóһĵҩǿɾͲܲμⳡҩչˡ

ˣټҲӦԼȥǩģ½ʱ־Ǹ
ʱʦ㣬кڣĺĴԲ
֪һУҲȭźЦһ
ӭϽЦõɫʱ΢΢ͷЦ޹Сʦܣû𣿡
ֻó̾һǰһöҩ˵ҩΪһֻ϶صˮڣڻɫζõҩ֮ϢڱܼЧǻǿҲһ
Уһöɫĵҩ
ʵ޻ɫȴڽĽɭɭĺ⡣
ɫĶ
ʱⰵ˰
ĪǣĲ²ˣ
עҩҩЧġ
򽭳ɫ£ǿ߶һ
Цǳ档
䣬Ժһ󰲾
ǻ࣬סһ
ҩƷ׵ĻҩЧȺΪ־һöҩܶǿߣǾ֤ⵤҩǻڵҩҲǡ
ʦ
ʱֺӳҲع
ʱˮУȷϵСʦܣˣ׵ҩ㻹ʦ
ԣһЦ׵ҩֻǵҩһζԪӤھŶߵĶأ༸ҩĵĸ£ⶾܶԻڵǿЧ
ӵҩԡ
ҩӷߵѪҺʱ紺ľҩ
ҩӦȼľŶ߶ʱǾ֪صȼеһ
Ȼ޽⡣
ֻҪٷһö˷ѪҺľܻǰһöҩеľŶ߶أ൱ϣҩֱӵЧˡ
ˣΪ
ʱؿһǿɫҩ漴ﴽǳЦȻ㽫Ϊ׵ҩǾ׵ҩÿһεʦգ鷳Сʦȥȡʦ֤Ҳźýϵҩչ
׵лȻת뿪
ߺӳҪǿɫĵҩһء
ʱֽҩ䵽һԣЩſա
ǰ׽Ļ
ǻ˭
໺һﾪˣʱ֣ҩչҪĲǵҩе鷳ȥһˡ
ʱ̧ˮ΢
ˣ
ǧ䣬ҩĻվǲģۼҶеԪҩģҲ䣡
ûѣʱ΢΢Ȼ첽뿪СԺ
ӳŵҩһ£ʦʦôˣ
൥ֱƵѰĽⷨˡ
ӳ
=_=
ҩᣬѧͽ˴
Ϊӭӵҩչ˶æµʦҲûʱһһпˣѧͽһˡ
͹û䣬ش
ѧͽһãĵصȺ򿼺ˡ
ڲͣؽӴæڲпͣЪҲڲпһﴫ÷зİԡ
׽ˡ
ɫͱ䣬̵ԪԼ͵ѹɢƵ˴
ǱվԱߣŰĳСүסҴһ
ƻתͷվԼˣƽʣСү˵׽ˣ
Ǳ¿ˮսս˵ɡܡҡҲҲû
ǣ𴽣Цºͣ׽ѾѧɹεҩչϹеˡ
Ǳﳶһǿ޷Цı飬Ҵ𻰡
ʱ׽ǸѹѾĵƵѹȻֲԶˣϧ
Ǳ˭վֻܱ죬ŬСڸС
ԱߵѧͽҲƵĻԶûܵǼѹ׷׹Уҩչǵ칺ʦֵİߵ϶ᱻһյģ
ǰǰߵ⼸Ķ˵ۡ
߲ѶͶʦ֣˵ָһδ׬һء
Ļܴ׬ֻжûͶʦְЩ˼ûͶʦһ˴Ķࡣ
ŷ·һԲ˰಻ס˵˵ʵҪǰ׽ǰҩó£һƱҾõһѡе
ذ
𴽣û˵Цⲻ۵ס
Ϲ˵ʲôأ
æԲ͵һƣǰóǵҩҲûߵ𺳣ƾŶ߶صĵҩأ
ǾǣǧûеĽҩʦ˳
߷ĵ÷󵽼ڳÿһ˶
ƲƲ죬ֹҪǰ׽ͻȻʧֵõƳͷ
Уøһȥܰѵһеļ򣬴
ڷ
һлһģ۾ôˣ׽ˣ
ѣ
̲סһۡ
ǧһԿ֣߲СƲſʱЦݺһͣȼЩ˵׽Ļˡ
Уأ
ע⵽ſڶĲֹǹǧ£లѧͽǡ
̧۵Žջƽ̷ħȻĻˣ
һ˿볹𣡣
̧ţӭײһƬ͵ߡ
Ų˶٣Ȼֳ̧˻һӣЦݲãҺãһˣ
øƨ
ѧͽǵɴۣĵûסˡ
һʱЩ졣
Уֻ۾һ׽ڻˣҺ㣡
һʱ죬б˸š
Цõϵĺ߰ɣ
ӿ˿ʼˣСδоߵ뷨Ҳѵٽͣȥˡ
ͷ˷ܵ˵оһȥߺ۵ĵҩ׵ҩҩЧ֮ǰĶãҪҪԣ
ͬСҡβƻУŬֹԣͼһ⡣
аͰ͵ؿĿһ٣ֵĺߡλò̫԰
һĲԣЩɣû̫ע⡣
üŬֱһ˺ߵλã۾ӡ°͡ӵķ̫ԡ
ˣ
ǰɣǵô
һΪڿЦ
ֻйģ̌һ۽
治ɫǣӦǴˣԼⲻ󣬻ǲҪ˷ĵҩˡ
šüϸϸһ飬԰ܼǴһġȵȣһؿջ֮ǰͼø㿴
ã治á
Сʦܣ鷳һ¡
ҪͷʱſڴվڿǰԶԶسŽ֡
۾һæ롣
Ŀ͡׽ҲƵſڸȥ
⡣
ʱֺЦ򽭳Сʦܣߵ̫ˣûء
𣬺μӵҩչĵҩҪһݵʾԼ

뻢Ѩ
ʱڴĿ£̫ѨЦóһݱֽʯʸд
ʱ־վһԣעŽī顣
Ƭ̺ĵĵֽϡ
ŵ̾Ϣһ漴̧֣ʱ֡
ŵĵʦ㣬̫࣬á
ʱɨһ۵Ц漴۵š
Žڰ֣΢ЦѰյ׵Ĺǿֵģ𣿡
յĲⱻѰҡ
²һ䣬ѸתʱԽԶԽá
ĿŽԶȥʱֻеĵҩЦ绨
ݵߵֻζҩġ
һǾŶ߶أʹҩȾɫ/ġ
յףҵˡ
˴
һδ϶ҾûмǴ
ǡû취ûмǴԼ˰ɡ㿴ģԾͲҪ˷ĵҩˣ
ǡǵҩΪϵĺ߰
СţȾᡣ
һߺСһ߽ѧͽȺС
ٶΧɻ׽ʱʦأμӵҩչĵҩƺ𣿡
ףˣոѾʦˡ
ѻһֵҾ֪ܴϲأ˵˵ʲôҩһͷ˵һҪƲȥ
ǧ˫ֻأֵƳѣôˣһֱ
ֱ׳ΪڵʦܣԲԣУ
գգۣСڸҲû۸Ұ
Ѻĸ۸㣡
в˵ˡ
ڣзĴӣ¾˵Ǳչ˲ûʽ
ǼһʱѺȷʵ²۹ڡ
ѲкؼؼҶĵӣǼǲֹ֣һؼ϶ֽˡ
˼ʱʦʦֵĹϵ񻹲
ڵԺʱҲԺʱںʱ֡ӳദҲǢ
̯̯֣ڵģߵˡ
קһ½½ǣС˵ڸһҺ
ԣ͹ǧ±ʾ⡣
Ϊ˳ѵ룬תƻ⣬顣
Ƭ̺ʦһĿ˳
һ۾ƼȺ֮еĽ
ʦ۾һ׽ˣѧôεҩչа𣿡
ЦףȻѧˣŸҹ
һ仰ʦ̲סָĴָãţ
׽ˣʦϲЦտѧͽ̲ס׷׻Ƕħ
ǳǱסԶƵĳ嶯
Ǳֻ͵һԱߵˣƼ΢Цŵı˪ɭȻ̹ǣ
ſ˵Ļƽʱһһš
ʱõĵǰ̻еǼǡ
εҩչ̻Ḻз֪Ϣڳɹȴް취
ľѳۣʹ᳤겻ҲһƱȨ
Ҫ飬ǾǵҪ£
̻ᡣ
ʱֽΪ׽ĵҩ͵һֲء
ֲؿһֺֽ󣬾һ𣬡ǰ׽λߵѧͽ
ʱЦ΢ǵģҲʶ
ֲɫ˵һѧͽк
ʱһ䣬ЦӦֲص˵
ʱ뿪Ҵլֲء䡹լⰬ֡
ȥҩɣͶƱˣ
ԣⰬʮƷʯ鿨𴽣ߣȥҩᡣ
л˵
⼸ܺ;飬ǰֵ˶Ҫҩչ
̻ͶƱʱ䣨Ǯʱ䣩

/Ǹʲôδʡܱڿڣ


55 ӽǿ
ҩᡣ
Ŀ龧ʯ, ʵʱµݡ
Ŀ龧ʯаֱĽʦʦʦѧͽ
ǰȼʦʱ䣬Ｖ𼴿ϰһ˵Ҷǰеֶ, Ҳǵʵ
ڵİհ಻Ψһıѧͽǡ
ǵҩչǰһʦˣҲȷյĵȼаʦа
Եҩչ񵥹֪, ʹС̡
ͣƵϼƱ, ѧͽаǵһλܼѺƷʯн
һԸп, þûôߵƱˡ
֮ǰ˭ţ
ӳҼǵú, ߡ
զģճŰ
ţһλʦӴ
ʦĿ˽ˣ
ۼһ۾Ϳʦ˷֣ܵ, ͵ĿѹƱأ
ջĵ˾һ, Ŀ˽ˣ
ﻹе񵥣һƽ̯ʯͷ, ֶɾʯɣһƷʯһλѧԱ֡
Դӵҩչ쵹ʱ, ʦͻᵱ͵, һһ¿˳ɼ
ο, ͶƱѡжϱ׼
ʦѾ˸, ôſ˳ɼ, Цݺζõˣһοˣе
˰ڰ֣Цеòãǵ񣬻һǰɣϰҵͶƱء
ԣʦüͷһߵǰ
Χ˹
ʦԪע룬ϵľʯڻ仯
ֱ仯ԼĪһӣΧһĵصš
Ⱜʱײѵһʢ
һѧͽϣƵͶƱѾͻ˾塣
Ƽ֣Ⱜָߵηֲ֣أ㲻˵ƵƱֻа𣿡
ֻʮ򣬺е١
ֲ̧ץһͷյҲֻš
ȥͶɡ
ⰬƶΣͶƱȥ
ͶƱר˶һƱһöƷʯʮƱ
ƱȻʶӣæⰬ
ЦʣС᳤ҲҪͶƱ𣿡
ⰬǳǳףͶƱѹ׽ʮƷʯ
õģ׽ʮ򡪡Ʒʯ
Ʊ˷Ӧɴֵۣ
ǿסСȷϣȷʮƷʯѹ׽
Ⱜ΢Цͷ
˻
Ʊֵָڶ
ʮ򡭡
䵽һ룬Բشһľ
֣
Ū˰ɣҲžʮ
ˡ׽üһֱӴʮʮˣûˣ
԰Ҷûˣвμӵҩչ𣿡
ûУһصҹ˵֣ûеҩչȷ
æ뿼˳ɼʦԻͷһԿ˰񰺰°ͣǱ߸º׽־ͻŽҩչġ
ѭͷ
Ʊ˸պһ֡
ˢһ£׽һֱס
ЩԻ󣺡ʲôˢľȥʮƷʯȿȿȣ
ԻӲ˵ԼǺס
ǵ⣬ͣˡ
ͣڵһ
׽֧ƱʮƷʯ
ҩ
ҩЧ׵ҩ綾ǿ߷Ч
֣ȾϽ⣬ס
˵ۣŴ֡
̧۾ΪԼˣּ֣࣬ൽͨ죬Žûб仯
һƬš
Цɡ
۾ǿڣƲסԽ񣬡ոջڰôʮƱˣ
ٵġ˰ɡ
ǣ񡪡ǿЧĶô׵ҩ
԰԰ŪˣģȻ˴ƫˣ
ڿ׵ҩҩЧŵĴط
ֲ̧źһҾ֪Ūˡı顣
ɵʮ˴˳ƱⰬ֡
Ⱜ̯̯֣ʾĪ
Ʊһɥȥ˳ɤӺûûŪѾͨˣҪ֪ԭ򣬵ȵҩչǾˣ벻ҪҵĹ
ܣ
ظɤ񣺡˭һóʮƷʯƭǮ
ԶԣŪһ׽ƭǮһƫˣҪͶƣͶһƱ
ҲʮƱ
Ʊһ߱һ߻ҪæҵƱͷҪˡ
һԵʦŪ˿˳ɼԴԴϵɺŭ߹ֵҩչô꣬ʲôʱ٣ǻ᳤˵ģ²Ű׽Ҳһ»᳤ɡ
ڱߣ˭ڽϸһ仪Ĳǣܱĭĳ̶ȡ
ʦһ仰ŭͷȴһ¡
üô׽
ʦƵ׽һ뿪˹ᣬûв뿼ˣƽ˷ִӵһʮŶμ˽Ŀˣʮ
Це˵۶¼Ŀ˳ɼˣǾûע⵽׽⼸ĳɼ𣿡
ôһ˵˾֡
ע⵽ˡϻµˣɫ֣ͦ˵˾䲻ڵȻûˡ
ʦֺǵע⵽ͺãˣæˡ
ߵһȺˡ
ջҪͶƱˣֱ۶סǡͶ˭
һҧҾͲˣһаߵ֣ͶͶһ٣
׽ôҲǶ
˭еû¶ɱˣ
ЩҲû˼
Ͷƣ
ƺǱʮƱ̼ˣԭͶƵ淴Ѵѵʯҡ
һ߶ҾͲˣһõһһ
ֲһԿ̾Ϊֹ
⺰ñỹ׳ۡ
һȺ˷Ұ£ƵƱܿͷ
ʮһٵǰס
Ⱜǽġߵüֲֻ̧أٻ̻öʮƷʯ
ֲؾһҪ뿪
Ⱜûһ𾪵С᳤ҵʮɣ
ⰬɫȻͷϣҡֲأȥʮ򡣡
ֲ΢΢죬ʮҲЩˡ

ֻһ˲䣬˽ӿ˽
гпЦв⣬ҲаŰɵ۰׽ˡ
Ⱜֳţš
һʱЩ졣
ڴʱһȺ˴ӵſ롣
ǰ·зϴЦѡ
ɵḱ᳤·ˡ
˲ʧȺˡ
зǰʱͷһ䣬ǫϣҩչİ񵥶ڴ棬ȤĻƣһвʦ
ϵȴᣬԼĪʮģͳзҪ忡
ü룬ڣָ·
һɨɫƽͣעӵȴ·һͷΡ
󣬽һλꡣ
˻ֲ̿ѣλȴֵĴһ˫һ۷֣ﻹŸ֪ĳĲݡ
ĴţطһϤκϤıӰ΢΢һ۱ɫ͵𣬴Щ˷ܺڴ
ǰ·зͷ͵ø
Цݵѧͽ񵥵ĵһƣƳ˰ߵƸ̶ֳȵľŶ߶ء
˵Ǹ᳤ͽܣ
зܣλϱϵʡ
зͷû̧𣬵ԺǵģͽܣҲŵ
Ŷ΢΢ԼЦݲϵˣĺӣ
ʢ
ʢЦͷΪǣĺӣôһӣ֮ҡ
ϲÿɷشջߣзȻл᳤ͽһ°ɡˣҲǣþûôֵ¶ˡ
зֵ֣̿ϻúܣǿɾеʱ䣡
񡪡
һлͷΪɻ˲⡸ϡݡ
ŵĴϣʱɣ
ⰬҪΣͷ
һֱͷֻЩϤĺһ
ʶٿΣת
һ˲䣬Ⱜ־ײһ˫д˷ڴһۡ
һһ޵һۡ
Ⱜסһ硹Ҫѿڶ
ԱһɨͿһλϤˡ
λΪоŶߺͶĿݶضвɽɰ׽ⶾߡ

Ŵʱɣ
λΪ½ӽǿߣ
Ⱜ־Υš
ʱɲз٩٩̸ɨԹԵѰҪĶȻͷϵꡣ
ͼ֮һˡ
ʱһ٣лɢȥ˼еĴϲ
̧ϵȥ
л˵
ǵǸһԾķ
ŴĲ


56 ͶƱ֮ǿ˿
̻뵤һ, òԶ
ֲԪ̻ҲƬʱ䡣
ˮʶѰⰬʱź֪ķֵղ̫ԡ
һȺƵɲſ, ŭȻλߵݡ
мλʮĳϡ
ֲ΢΢Ӳ롣
еĿ·ͣסֲغȻ, ˲˵ע⡣
ʱѭ, Ŀһ٣㡪ֲСֵܣ
ֲ֣ɻ̧ͷ, ֱײʱɺЦߡ
ˡ
ֲزɴۣ΢΢, ֹ
̾ͽǰ˶Ϻš
ʱ֪˵ʲôֺǺǵףЦݴʢҵˣһΪǶʱΡ
Ⱜƶֲصķ, ǳЦ,ϳֲأҲΡ
ʱɹһЦ, ڰֵһֱǣʱ̫æûü, ڿɿ
Ⱜֹ, ֲ˳˵Ⱜ
¶ɻ󣺡ǣ
Ⱜ΢΢, Ŀʱ, ΪֲؽܵλŴ, ʱɳϡ
ֲʶ˿ɫʱ¡
ʼԼոǰͻı֡
ʱЦݣǰ룬еʣСֵܣҲǲμӵҩչ𣿡
Ⱜ׵ǵģͶƱ
˵ţֲ̯֡
ֲصͷݳˮˮϱעΪʮƷʯȡ
ʱɿʣʮƷʯɲǸСĿλʦԸѪ
Ⱜִüľˣвɽ̻ľˡ
вɽ
ԣʱЦݸˡ
ⰬѾ˰ʾôܻ²أ
ʱɸⰬ֣ǰߡ
ϡ
зںʱǰߡ
ⰬǬת²ӣӳһʳָڴǰȻи᳤֪ϲ£Ǳ¡
зɫһڡ
ⰬǬЦ÷ֵ˲ݣĵظϡ
ں󷽱ʱӵλϣȴ˵һԹ
Ǵ½ʢʱɻع飬ҪҩչЩһ֮Ҳеûڡ
ҩչѣģٴҲڳǡ
˭һʱɾֱҩᡣ
˵ҩῴ񵥾ˣ̻С̸ȫӵǡ
ҺֹⰬһˡ
ʱɴŹ˭û߾͸Ÿոǵɵļһ
һݣͽⰬǬ
̻ˣ
еȫգһƵǿߵⰬǬ޲õɴ
ǽʢ
зƣΪʱӡ
ʢƳзһۣ߶ϣЩǡ
϶ȥˣҲϰɡʢƽؿڣЦ˵и᳤鷳ǽһˡ
зһͷӦλɡ
˸ͼ䣬̧ϡ
ˮǰ
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ǸͨĶˡ
ҩչȵǵɲ񵥵ͷ
л˵
ߵٶҲǾָָ㣩



57 ׶ػ̨ƴ
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κλС, һĶչո¶ͷǣܻòƵΡ
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뷨ѵ˽ǧ¡еĺڴӳ, 첻ͿʼŻ𴲡
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ֳַһһȫλƴ
˶˷
ǶǸ̨Ŀת
ʱֻ֮ʱӰչڼ۶ǡʵһɤ
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ʦ֡ңҲȥ
ѾӶعɻЩʧǡһۣ˳ǣԳֹ㣬Ҳȥɡ԰׽ǶԽ̫ƽˡ
ɽס
뵽ڶعһֵļ䣬뵽ԼʦŸ鵽Ϣ鵽ǰܵż
ͷֻ྾ۡ
յҲһݹ
һȻԼװ̨ȥ
л˵
7KԺǶһ
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58 Զ
̨ƴ
ǵ̨ʦ, һвϸڣȫλǵر¶ڿߵС
ֱƴɵ̫ѹΪȷʦܹ, ؼصص䡣
ؿһУʦ⿴ͨͨĻɫǽڡ
ǽڻԪͻ沨Էʦʧը¯, Ūڳڡ
һλʦ, ߽ǼСӡ
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Ŀ£ʱִ̨, ͣڽڵСԡ
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ʱЦ
ϸ֮£żڴˮ֮µĸм
Цڣչʾ
̨ƴʱ, רŵʦԱߣĽ࣬һһչʾʱõҩġ
ʱףĵҵ, Ϳˡ
ͷ, Цһʱʦ㣬ʦǲǴӲǰѣ
ʱü,⡭ȥǡ
ʼͬλ˵еʦˡ
ļ䣬ʮһͭ, 졣
Ц, Σ
͸Сӵܻ, ܿҰһ˲, ɨߡ
˷ܺڴ, еİ
ȷʵаʵϾ۰ϵĵһ֡
˷ˣнһΪˡߵ
ѧϰʮ꣬ʱڻ֪ʶϱѹסսʮ黹ڣȰ׽
־
͸Сȫرպ󣬴ƽ䣬滷ǽҩİҩϣһڵ¯¯Ȧ˻ȼ䡣
򵥵䣬Ҳ紫ĸ춯
ӳɽȺĽѹȸжʱһɢʲʦ
Сϣعһ¾Ƶ˳Ȼҿ¯ǣѳ߻֡
ʦ춯ߴ̨ϣſԿʦһһ
Ϊ˺ſ͵ȣؼṩһԷŴҰĴʯ塣һĿ飬Ƹռ顣ȫλǵȫתһ
̨ƴÿһʱֻһʱƴʦֻҪһŵҩչʾ͵ҩΪҪ
ƽһ¯Ƕʮšһ𲽡ڲʱ̨ϵʦϣȽʡʱ䣬Ҳ˿ɿԡ
Է˸С£һ߳죬һ߶תʯ壬Ŀת
䣬һ˿Ľв
ĥ򡢷ҩĵλõȵϸڶһһۡ
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ҲУСϣһֶĥ룬һҩģ¯ӡ
ҩ¯ʱ򣬲˵Ĳ˲¯Ӳظֱըˡ
ûУⳡڼչš
ǻ½ţš׽Ķ
׽ʱģĥȶҩĵĶĿ·ڿһָϵıݣҩۡҩġ桢
һжˮɣҩֵں£֮ȴû˿
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̵ְֽѧϰƵϰָƣҲ֪һϲģµĻë
ģѧϰ;ʦĵط
ⲻһˣôҲɴһӣѧŵƵһȼԼ
˭룬Ʋû򣬻ģ±׼ͨ·ԽԽԶ
΢΢ü
ҡͷһλʦ
էһ£ɫֿͱ˵Ĳۻң־̾ѣֻ۾ϸ
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⸺𵤷չʾʦͬʱһдҩĵСֽԱߵİϡ
ҩһʱͬĿɫʯϡ
ԭݡ
ҩһüȻԭݿʼ
ԭлŶ߶صҩЧЧ󣬸ʱ綯Զϡ
һöҩɣ¯ѾԤ׼Ĳٶȿʼӿ졣
վ
ʶһ׽վˣ
ڶҩģĥ
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ײŲݣţϡͶأ²ݡάֻ£ʯïݡݡ
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׽ƶΪʲôǽⶾҩġ
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ϴϸʾںɫʯϵŵ
ԭݣײŲݣ²ݣݣʯïݣݡ
ȫһ
Ψһͬǰ׽Ǳٶȿ죬Ѿչ˺漸ֲҩ
üͷ壬˰ɣǲչĵŪˣôȫһ
ȵȵȡվ˫ָѹٵȵȣ˵ֻǰһ
һŵʮ߶ʮҩģԪȶĽǶ˵ŵٷ֮ʮơ
οǰˣһǶһǽⶾƣ
Ѿչʾ룬ǲ˶ܷԣοʦǡ
վɫء
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Ŷ಻ϵľƤʮһҩģ̣ͬͬеڶ
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ԡ
ܡ

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ҡ
ƳߵʱǶʦ
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Ц
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Ʋݡ߼˺Ʋݣ׽أ
׽ӵǾŶ߶أ
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׽ּ˸
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ʦȴԽ֡
Ծ̫Ծˡ
̨֮ϣһȺźȫϣд֣⡣
Щ˵ˣһںУô¶ܡ
ϳϣ
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˰̫ˣƾв˵
ǿﴽû˵
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У˼֣ͣͬʱȡһöҩ
ɫҩ綾
ɫҩⶾߵ
ɡ
ƿСţһлС
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ɫδ䣬һƽģ
ɨ򽭳䣬΢΢ס
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һƣֿһ۽ѹɻǳǳĻţԼ˵ĸо
ûвŵҩȻ٩٩̸Ӵ˵ΪߵΪⶾƾŶ߶غʹ󲿷߶ҪΪ߶
û˵зšü˵ЩʲôҲ֪οڡ
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̨֮ϣһ֣ɴ첽½ݣֱ̨
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װκõıؽס
ŬάסȺͻ̿֡
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಻ÿɷ񣬵Цˣ׼ء
ŭɫŤͷ࣬ôʣ
δżߣϣ˵˵ɣĵ˼·
ŵƿָһ¡
ɲǼ䣬·ͼﻬ󶨸Ǹɽɱᵤͬӵܡ
ŻߵԭƳѹƾŶ߶صĽⶾԾݵҩЧףټһЩҩЧҩģײþҩԺжԪˡ
ȻתͷһԵʱ֣һʱʦ÷Ѫεҩ
ƵĶʱ֡
ʱ΢΢̧ǴһλѧѪεҩ÷ʵ֤Ч
ƣ/
ƸмسͷŬƽߵɺϣҲ벻λʦʦ㣬Լʦָ㡣
û˵зɫԻ
΢΢ͷһöҩĵ벻ײĳԣѪεҩֹϵ÷һҲ벻أ׽

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ȥŶ߶أȫµĶأǵҩƵѵ㡣
üͷš𣺡˼Ϊƽⶾ˶ܣ
һ˦ӣ᳤ࣺӵҩ˳ⵤҩĻǰߵûɰߵôƵӾŶ߶صһ
ӣͷϿɣȷʵûаߵף
һ䣬ϲ
ֻԼɲǼӵã̶һ˲䣬󼱴ϲ
Ƽǰһ϶л᳤ͳΪ֤
Ťͷɰ׽ߺ޲ѣϮʦΪݵ飡ҵİߵ׼Ӷһö飬ȻҲóչ
˵÷ŭѣԩһתз᳤Ϊ׽֪ڳϮȻ֪ܵĴǡǹ⵷ңĵӣ
ƽݵһλҳȡ

ǣϮ
ֲͬĵҩ
㵤Ϯ
ƵһŭĻ΢΢üȻĵΪݣҲȫ˵ǳϮϾһ㣬û뵽
ͷǣǵ˵ЩӲԸ˵ҩЧռΪǺεȶ֮£
зɫҲŭ׽׽֪
һµĽԼϷݡ
̧ͷЦЦͬΪ߽ʦλѵǵãһֵҩ


зЦֽס
죬ŭĴԺ侲

ܣ
ôֻһɫ
ʲô
ǡһֵҩӵвͬҩЧ
ҩЧôжϰܲϹ԰ɡ
֪ͬķ÷ǲͬҩЧ׵ҩ׽ɶ˼
Ⱥʼ˽
ɻλ
ߴĿ̨
ʶǳ˵ӡ
üżڵķɨһۡ
ʢѾ塣
̨£ɫްû֪ʲô
ͻȻ䣬˸ߺһҩԻụ֤һʵ飡
Եһ͡
ѭȥһ˴Լ߹ʶλá
Ⱥ糱ˮֿܳһ·
ߣ
ϼˣס
ɫǸˣ
̨Ǹ΢Цϡ
ϵȵһۣ¼ȵȡոǻ˵ģ
ͷҡ
˵ţתȫûƵĴڣһͣڡ׽ϡ
ӶعͿٸңȴκιڽϢֻ֪ҵ·ϣвɽʧˡ
ʧٵĵص㣬Ƭɫ죬ʧٵʱ䣬ֻǽԹѨϼ졣
۰˵ߵˣҪôʧٵҪôʧٵĽ
ʧʮ꣬δټ
ȴܶϣͶ֢״ôơ
аٷ֮ʮİգͨźֱӶ϶λˣˡ
ǰ׽
硪
ϲ⡣
ոǾ仰ΪǳԼ
ֻŽ򦴦ӲʵĻߡ
ƿ׽
ⳡ棬϶һ˲΢΢üǷɲ̫㣬ͱɣ
ӣƷߺҧ̵ǰⲻʵɣ϶ûԸⳢԡ
ջߣ
ϣ˭
һݺݶס˵˭
Ųۣϣظ
죬㶵־ֻţ
ü˼ס೯ͷʾ⣺᳤ǼҺͲˡ
סֱۣ˵̨ߡ

ԭأ
ҧ١šŵ֪֪Լݣ
ϣҡ
ҲţϿ챻ˡ
л˵
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59 ͵ع⣬
̨ϳһȻҡ
, ǰߣ֡
ǿԼס飬ֵ̿ؿ᳤
Į,ֻҪϲҩʵ飬Ϳ֪ǲ㲻֤𣿡
ҡ
ҧһ, ҩ˹ȥ
ߵǰ, ϻȻͣﴽףҩҰɡ
Ȼؽҩ
һһŵҩڿУ˵ע
ֳĪ, ž
öҩϡ
Ʋ, Ųǰ
εؿ󣬡ϡûµġ
Ͼǲ֣Ҳɡ
˽ʱֱƿȺ̨

ɣһ, ͷʹ, ܻôҲ̨֣ȥ
ɰͷ, ǿʦֲֻܷҪŵҩܵó𣿻᳤, 
ɣ
𾪵, , ǰһס, Ƕ, ܹĶ
һ˦ֱۣԶԶ뿪ơ
ۣŭְܣŰ׽
㡪
ͫŵŰ׽ң
ɺ޺ҧŭԡ
ƭ꣡Ҳ㣡
һȫˡ
ꡭ
뵽ʱڵ㡣
һͼɵŲʣż䵭
˲
̨ϣɻ󣺡ʲôꣿСʶ
֪ʲô𣿡

ʢǿЦݣС֮Ľ飬ô֪
˵úǣǿȻ˾κˡ
̨ϡ
ţý䷳
ת߽䡣
̨ϼ͵ػǼ͸Сӡ
Ŀ£ֱ¯ѻ֣ĥ
ٶȼ죬쵽ոһ·ֻǱܵС㣬գۼ䣬һҩĵ͵¯Ԥȡ
ǳ߻ֵȫֻ̬ߣͷųҾ׼Ļ棬ʦɵҩơ
ɫ
Ͽŵһó߻֣
ó߻³ӳ
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ǿҩģֻܿڷɡ硢ڿС¯б仯̬
Ŀıݡ
˶סߣû˽ûв²ֻ⳰Ǿһҫ۵Ļʢ䡣
һӣסϨ¯ǿ
źɫ֯ĵҩգӳС
Žŵҩ߳䣬һڼʣǾģ
׵ҩǰ˵ƼɾԲֹףܵĽס׶пܣ
ȫš
ǻǳ޷
ֻڳУյػš
ŵҩͷ׵ҩ
ѪҺһеھŶ߶صȼ߶Ŷ߶أ˲Ķ޽⡣
ץסۣ޽⣿
һһŵҩᣬֻ̨ϵļٷһѪξҩЧ֣ϡ
̨ϼ⻰Իϲǡ
ƿƲס壬һ׽һƬհס
Ƴһ̧ۣһӣһżˮԾС
ĿɫʯͶ£ˮʼͷš
ɽС
˵߶߶Լжľ
Ӧ˰糺ɫĵҩ
/ذף΢Цɱͬŵӡ

糺ɫĵҩ˶Ϥ
ǰߵ
㶻̨ϵơ
ɫҰףǡҡ
һ£һʧĴ
ɡϣȴĮߣûУҡûС
硪ңֻʵȥ
ܿؿҺȥعˡ
Ķһ
ŴɴһӣͬһöˮԾУʼͷš
ĿɫӾְת
̵ĶУһǳɫ껺ǰУ۾״ǣҲɥѰ·
˻أ΢ȥʮָˡ
ȥ˻أɫĶʼɢȥ¶˶һȺԵˡ
ɵŵˣȻ棬
ǰȥΪǽ
ʱһ޴͸ˮ޺ͷſһҧҧס
ˮޣܹɼ䣬Ȼ󽫼ڳɼˮ̽УǼˮԭʼ̬
һμ䱻ɵĶһͣӽ⿪ˣȴ˳˯
һһͬǳɫ˵ء
ãػһȦȻ󿴵˵ص꣬Լ󷽱һȺԵˡ
ơ
һ۾ϳˡ
ûͬװˣȥһѣؿ
ƣң
ǵġ
ˮͷϣС
վһ࣬ŸոһĻΣ˼
ƣһҰףǽ붾ؾǣȴǿͣ߼޻˽\ڲ壡
ӿ侧ʯʼɾ¸һŭǸܵСˣż޳˽ļ䣬ҥŪҺʦֵ⣡㲻ҪŸȥ
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ϳֹɵĴֿڡ
ɺ޺Դ
Ѿ˲٣һһ˼־ľ
п͵ֵСˣ͵֮͵Ƶҩ
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̨֮ϡ
׷ҡͷ
Ǽ˷ˣûʲôĸпһ཭ʢʱٴϷʺͳ
ʢֱҧŭһһ෢
վ̨УӻججǺ죬߾
ž
͵һϮ˰ľʹɶˡ
ƺݺݵأ𣬶졣
ѪӿϺͷӿأƵһѪ
һƣԪӤǿߵŭ𣬴Ƶز𣬰
ʢأ䶢ŰԼһȻ󵹵زˣ޲ٸš
ƽϢŭ𣬳ࡢ˹֣־ȫһһὫϼӹ̣ܽ뼸λϢŭ
Ƴһۣ˽ŵӦ׽Ǹǡ
ʢһ㶣æת򡸰׽Ǹ
Ѿֹˮ
Լ𾴰ʮġס˱ϥֻúЦ
ۣԸʢ
ʢڰգΡ
µˡ׽ݣ̧̧֣ˣҩչ
˵꣬Ƴʢ㡣
ʢǺ죬ٴιǸȻ󿴶̯ڵ֪޾һֱ̧ۣ뿪
Ӧһһƣ뵤ҩչ
ȺԶֳһ·һ̱ˡ
ƢĿֱͣӡޡԶ붾һ⿿ȥ
ʱֵһ۱ƣ̨ҩչչʾʼ

ʮӣ졣
ԭȰźõȥʦǼǳ
ӳȺֱӴܵߣ۷Ź⣺ң㣡
Ŷ䣬εңˣ
ӳĿ¶˷ܻ˵ʲôϹŵˮСӺȻʼ˸
ˮ
һͷһСӡ
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ˮͷȴһƬң˳ɤӳλʧʮͻȻˣ̶˴˻ԣ˲ѣǵĵҩҿû취ƣ
л˵
Ԫǰĳˣףҿѧ-
ǰףԪ֣ǵóԲԪ


60 ĸˣҡ
ӳصչ̨ʱجج, ڻӣŹ˼һڡ
ҩչӳͳչ, ֪١
Ѱ˰ûѰټɻչ̨ʱְ䷢ѫ¡
ڶԾѾ˾Ŷ߶أἸλֺ, Ѿ۳ľ۶, Ƿݵ԰ߵ۶԰ٷ֮ʮ
׽һʦĪֱ֣ס
ⰬǬ̧ǰ, װģظпӴֹߵġѹƱܵöپʯţ
Ⱜֲ, ͷҲ̧̻ϼʮǧƷʯ
ⰬǬƲ죬ô㡪ǣǲҲ̻ȥˣ
Ⱜ̧ƮƮһֳۣʯ̻𣿡
˵, кֲأֲ, ˣȥȡǮ
ֲӦһˡ
Ⱜ, ȻͬؿһⰬǬ
ⰬǬһ飬һ,һλûУ
ʱɱվһ, ֺǺǵЦֵܵĸ黹ͦõġ
һ㶼, ҵ˽Ǯ, 統۰
ⰬǬ˵, ȴʢЦݡ
ʱЦһ漴ҩӦճˣ߰ɣһһλ׽ӦҲǻɣ
ⰬǬͷ־һƬҶӵУЦ
ʱüˡ
˳˳̨ףһνͰ˸Ʋ
ҩᣬһս
뿪ҩչ󣬻·ٹ
ʱУӲϵ
Цһڿĺˡ
Щ񣬡šûнʱֵĻ硣
ʱôˣоĲɵģΪ𣿡
µˣ
ʱֻش𣺡µģˡ
ÿɷ
쿴ǸģҲ뵽
ԭȿʢʱӺû뵽󣬵һŭƵҲǽʢ
һʦʱ˵Щסпŵûи顣
ʱֺҿһۣ˵ôоôӳأտ𣿡
ҡͷչῪʼǰ˸ͨѶͲ̫ԣչһ뿪ˡ
ʱüȻȥɡ
ҩᡣ
ʱϤʦкѯʵпӳ𣿡
ʦش𣺡ӳȥܼӡ

֪ӳʱֱûȥͽصСԺ
Ƶϵף֮Ǻݴз
緢ûչ£˵Ȩз˵
СԺʢƺں˭̸
ʱߵԺţʦҺͰ׽ˡ
Ժڴ
ƿСԺţĿǻվпļˡ
࣬ϣɣⰬǬⰬ֣С
вɽλˣ
ݺ㣬۴Ц⣬ȥʮִס
üɵɨⰬǬ
棬ֻⰬǬȷ֪ǽݡ
ⰬǬŴĵ
ֱգһۣЦʮֿģþòҾ˵ҵк׼ɣȥͽ𹫻ңûѾڵҩ̻һ⡣
΢΢Цһ£ͽ𹫻Ҳһ⡣
ⰬǬ뵽ǰ԰ͶͬصͷȷʵֻûҸѣ--ϡ
׳ϣ
ͽ𹫻ϣ
ڳȻ
úⰬǬƤŤͷλˡ
ʱ̧֣һƿġ
͸ƿƿڵ糺ɫҩʱзġߵһģһ
ҩһ˲䣬Ҳ
ʱóⵤҩȻǼðߵЦ򽭳ûҴ˰ɣ
ڳ֪ʱݣԲ˽˶ʱһ
ʧЦû뵽ҾȻݵˡ
֮;ûв֪Ŵʱɣλӽߡ
ʱɹһЦмҪ㣬ϹͷµȥˣĻܻ
˵ţȡһöɫġ졹ֱ׹ǰݸ
ҵҪʱѰҡ׹ҡ
˵΢
׹ü׹̫أҲա
ʱȴҡһͷζԪӤھͿɵŵĳϣʸ񣬲ǫ
ԪӤڡ
Ѿˣֻöһۣҡͷ
ʱһ仰Ͱĵȼˣȡδʱ͸¶飬Ͻ׹
ʱͷڴ´ż㡣
ûǷôĶ飬֮ܵ겹ϡ
Եɱˡ
ѵȵʱɣⰬָ֣ܰȫġ
Ⱜ΢ͷãлл״硣
˵ţ༸˹ʾ⣺Щ£״˽̸
ָԼӣȥ˵ɣ沼и硣
ֵܡֲؽСӡ
СƬ̺Ⱜ߬һдֽˡ
ⰬǬһΣֲŭ
Ψһɵǽ뿪Сݣż΢Ц
ңʣ̸ˣ
ף̸ˡˣ᳤١
żΪ˵棬΢΢ۣʲô٣һ¡
̧ӣЩ¡
ȻҴȡ
˵ԺȻӳĺʦ𣿣м£
ɫһ࣬˵
顪
ӳܲ˵ؽԺƿɫ
ԺӣƼԺˣ˲ôֱֱࣺ࣬ʦ˻ԲѣԪȫʧǸʧֻ̣˫۾ϣͻȥĵҩȲǣ
۰أӳΪͽҵָơ
ԣɫһ𼱣˵֢״ҵҩ
ӳҩ壬ں棬֢״
˼ԭأ̣
ĸף
򴽣ڵ׽Ҫȥ𣿡
һۣȻظȥ
ʧתǴʱקק½ǣѾȷ׽ˣ
ʲôݣ
ʱɺ
ʱɵߣ˳ǣҡͷֻжϣȷ⸱᳤֪
⸱᳤ָͽ𹫻ḱ᳤ⰬǬ
ˢˢⰬǬ
ⰬǬ˫ֻأƵ˵˵
ʱɺЦһûˡ
ҩ
Żĵҩһ׵ףӦоУ껹׵ҩ
ӳϤڼҩﵽܣ뵽ĵҩˡ
˼ӳĻ˵Ԫʧˣ֢״
ӳüͷ簴ҵķԸһ飬ѣԪһطʧˡ
ϾȻܻţĵֻάһʱ䡣
ࡸ˻δŵ顭Ѽĵҩţ˸һףȥԣûãǴǶ
ӳȻ̧ͷʲôЧ
ҡҡͷ½Ķ࣬Ͷǲŷֲã޷жϡ
ӳҧŴ硣
ԱߣڵĶԻ
ȴֻܻԪʧԲѡ
ѱ뵽һ
嫴̽ͷ᲻ʲôͶأ
ҡͷ֪ۼҴҲûƼء
嫵ۼҴѾȫˣﶼûУǾֻ˵һˡ˹֣⼸½ôô࣬ͱˣ
Ҳ벻ףСè뵤ҩ
Σӳûʱ䶺һռĵҩ뿪СԺкԺ˴
ɴȥӳҸ㿪󣬵ȥ
ӳԶԶغȹȥ׼
ʱֵͷʾ⣬޵һ̧ӳӰ
ӳҲҴȥҲҴңüͷû
ٴ᳤Ҫ١
ࣺʱ䡣
Ĭ֪
౳̾ȥȥɣʲôʱؾʲôʱء
ʱɡֵܵ˵ͷʾ⣬ת뿪
ʱıӰ˼ô뿪йϵ
ڳЦ
ⰬǬȷ֪⣬˶ǲ²⣬׽ϣǲµĿû֤ݡ
ջ
໻װߣһոµݡ
ȥҵ·ջһ룬ű졣
СèڴҡβͣǼСޡ
ЦԼǸСè
ըëһͣǣ콱Ľû죡
֪֪ܵˣҾ졣
ߡ
嫷һžߴһ˵ϡ
˯
һûҶ
Դ֪СèߵԼ޺͸үƵĹͲԼһèˡ
˵˾䣺ɣֻèͺˡ
ͷҡͷҲǣԭؿȥš
ſˣС͵һ³Ҫ뿪һûκϵĺأ
˸ţε˵㿴ϵİǲֱˡ
о񡭡ǵİ
Ȼˣ
ÿŪߵʱֲǵͷһߺ۵ģ
ȡһŲߣײ˹ǧЦ
ֲкͳѵ飬ˣǧ±ʾע£뿪
뿪ˣӲǽͷǽѵ뽭ϡ
кͳشӳſ뿪
׽뿪ûжԹǧʲô֪׽ڵô
һ϶кͳϻعᡣ
ſڡ
վſڸ̸óʮֲͷ
󻹸һˣͷͲԼʧ˵¡
Ա˾Ƽ˳󣬶Ա߶㡣
ǧϤӰͣסŲ
Уѡǧ»ǰ档
ڰԸСȥĳ̧ͷɶզ
д̽ͷǰһۣʱĿ¶񣺡ƣģ
ǧȭͷǺ߰ɣᡣ
ߵǵĶԻ
վǰ˵æͨһ£׽鷳ˡ
Ƴһۺ󷽵ƣ˼׽æǵ⡱
ǰ΢죬͵ţŵĳϣ׽Ƚס
ų룬˲ܽ
ųЩΪʲôҲǵѧͽǸ᳤ͽܡ
˵ǧʵͻ֪ͨѧͽƵԵҾܲڸģӼҩᡣã뵤ᡣ
ӿռóӧǹҵأƮƮһ£ҩᣬڡ
ΧȺڡ䡹һʼƣ˵úã
ƻ䣬ϵĺ׻ûͱʢǸȴŶȥ
ԭأ촽ڶ¡
ų΢΢ۣҡͷ˦뿪
һƬУƵͷĶӡ
ıӰޡ˿ڣȻмǧ¡
ݣȷʵŸŵˡ
ǧ֣û¾ͽˡ
СѳݵıӰȽ̹Ͱ׽뿪˸һɨա
Ѿ뿪ȫԼҩЩȤ¡
ոմֲڸƵĵͼʼ˼ԼҪʲôݻصҡ
ֱʱ֪˽ݡ
ǰ鴫÷зòȶȵȥֳ˸¶
м˾֮ҥļ¶ֵôҲ෹֮ǰ鶼˳٩٩̸
⼸춼˲лΪеֵЩ˶ϹۣȻôԴߡ
˺ܶġߡƺϰߣڰֵҳɣұ㻹Сꡣ
һ£ŵʮ񣬵Ѿʮˡ
һЩŤǽз
жף͸ɡ
һһߣܿͷ˴вɽ
ڶĻҰƽԭǴռ˴½֮Ļԭء
ֻҪ뽨壬ͿȥҰƽԭռΪͬʱҲʱɵǿӶᡣ
вɽĺܴ󣬽ѾߵڣһҲ߲ȥ˸ɴѡ˸ɽ¹ҹ
ǰⰬǬ޲ݣһҪơ
СèԱ޲ݣŶ߶
־Ͱ͵زϣʱʱһϵĿ⣬һ񫡣
ҹ
붨Ҳû˯ץһʱ
߹ң¹ķɢɽϣһƬ⡣
ܵķ绺ͣ£·Ų͸ˮ飬
ͬһʱۣȻ˲侯
ΧޣҲֹһֻ
嫾ѣڡ
ڣ֮ӣħ
һǰࡢŶߣýͰսˡ
ƺΪ֤˵ĻĵİУͻȻһ˫˫͵۾
Բ£Ⱥһһҹ
һ䵽˼ڻ
ɱ
л˵
µͼ

-л2022-02-14 20:43:35-2022-02-15 21:14:50ڼΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


61 ·̶
, ֮ǰһãȴһʼͿԴ󷢣ֱ
ϸµ, ʮ죬ڵʮ졣
ǵΪϵħǵõ˳Ż
Ƕڴ, ĵطŹһһ·, ֻҪһǰǸ˳֣Ǿܷ֡
صʮ졣
˳вɽ
ûпȺʼ˷ˡ
͵۾һ˫˫Գ
, 
һ˲Ⱥ˻, ӭ
ˣһҧ
֮࣬Լ͵ûȥϵĺߣʱû¶ڡ
Ȼһת, ߿һƥ, ȥ
ȺԴԴϵϮ
ȻǱȻ»𣬽Ѱ϶̧һӡ
գۼ, һöͨĻڰȼա
ûȷԷѰԼ֮ǰһ˿, ûٻ߻
ȼ, ׺Ļʢ, ӭͷȺϡ
ȺĶʱһƬҽ
顪
ؽҵء=
ֳֳ, صȺ, һ±Ѫ
ͽַ񣬱𽭳߰ѳ趯ƫؽ󽣣
ؽҵأڵ滮һ֣ӲȺһߡ
һ棬һǶѵĵط죬Ⱥάȣʼ˻𺿽С
Ǻ쳹вɽлصš
޵󡢼񣬷·ܻʵˣشڽĶĤϡ
üУɽЩ϶ѺǶˡ
ഭǸô죿
ң
¸ɴһ֣Ⱥȥҳͷǣɱ
漴ϣ˫壬ɨÿһͷ
ûв´ͷӦþħܻûʵߣ۾ɫ
Ѱͷǵķйһ飬ɴٳͶҪǮȺҡ
ͷħͶ¶Ͷˣ
顪顪顪
ؽϻ䣬ըԪȺˣӲȺзֿһ
ߣСģ
̧һӽϮצŵûɢ

ɷֳʣצ֮ϡ
͵ϮĶָױֱϣʹİ
͵һߣǵڵϣС
ϴ෱ȺͬεȺɱꡣ
ͷǣǾȺ֪޾Ұޣ˱ܾǱܡ
Ͷʹͷǵָܹսʤ
ȺѹЧȼ٣ȫͷѹҲֻͷǡ
ʼԪ𽥳ȼ͵һ׵ࡣ
ΧȺӣɱ޾
У
ȥȺûɱ⣬Ǿͻ߶
ƴͷѹŬΪһСƬ/ϢĿռ䡣
Ҫأ嫣
嫺ȻЩţʲô
ֻǼӿԪת
оڵԪСһ㿪ʼת漴Ȼֱӹ磡
ŶʯڻһһͷŶأ˳תĹͶء
Ԫ붾ȫڣͳΪһ͸кǻǺЧ
һУ볢Ժܾˡ
Ʋ̽ͷ¹´أϪеӳ뽭ס
˫ڴǷ
ܲԪʼʶ򽭳ͫ΢
һֻǲҪؽȥһ㰵Ѫ
Ԫ̫ĳֲ֪ǣߡ
ڰ˻Ϸǵë·һαװȫȫûǵģ
ħ侲߽Ⱥ̵Ӱ
Ĩ֮ԭЩɪȺּǵŵأʼꡢ񱩡
ȴֹͣ˽˴ִֵĵʹ綼·𰲾
˽еĽΪֵľ
Ŷߴֱۻֻһգգض򽭳
࡭
ȻŶ㿴ա
һˮĶϡ
񾭽Ծֹͣ˺Ͽ
з·ƼԪǣĲ
ɲǼ䣬ưãžڵ档
˺ȺϣȴûʪκһƷ·
ħšü͵죬ָצ罣аצݺݵسȥ
һγԣҲû뵽˴Ԫһ޷ƶ
嫹˲ý˵Ҫŭ͵Ľ׻̤ճ֣ݺһŲħ
һξͺͰ׻й֣ħ֪׻ѹأûʵʵ
ɽѹĻħҧأŭһͻƵİ׻ơ
嫵һǿвٿɻû߰ѣʼ
ԽʱԽʹԼ޷͡
һһ޵Ľֻգۼ䣬ԪӤĶ
ǽ𵤰˽ף׵Ե֮սȦûС
ֻܻӽȺֹȺҪ򽭳
һֺĸоС
һ̣Ϊá
Ԫữ壬һƬССһһεԪǶ͸
ֻҪ룬Ǿͻ˲Щ˵棬˲䱬ԡ
ΣͷûʱýС
̧һӼ䣬ָнǶԪƮͷħࡣ
죬͵ˣܿſܸ֪ŤԪ
顪
Ԫᱬը
һŷһԪɢţȴǧ޴͸ء
ħ֪ֱӱۣƾҰ޵ֱж
۵ʱȺֹͣĽվԭأһľͷܡ
ûԪĽ䵽ࡣ
һ֣Ԫһ͸ĵƬͷƴħ
Ԫ֮ϣ˸̵Ĺâ
Ͷ
ߣ
ͺһΧȦ
ħͶ׷ǣŭһȴ޼¡

Ұƽԭ
Ͷ졣
ߵһطԶǹ
Ⱥͺӥٵ޺Ľ𣬽ҹδۡ
ϵУԪһ¯ֲ࣬סԪĺͷɡ
ԣɡ
ܶѾɹᶾʯһһصںϣԪĲͣںϡ
ֶأںϺȫµĶء
ֶڶֲϵ³ýⲻ嶾ʣҲʼж
һ죬ʼӦٶۣΧһиӦӳ١ǰеļʱѣڷ
ٶʱӵϢ
һʱ䡣
ڶ죬ԪǣԪֶػһ𣬱Ԫĵط˶ء
ңԷĶʯµõǡ
ƹˤÿҪͰѾĶʯֱӻԪʡתԪ
һزǶأԪԪǳ˳ͷβĶˡ
嫶Զ֡
Ϣܵ嫵èвҪ޲ˣ
ίȫİҪ
˵ţ޺޵ڲЩƶʯȫ£ǱָӦˣ
è䣬̵˵û£ڣֲҡ
ĵһ̡
󼸾䣬û˵ˡ
ϣҰƽԭֻһɽͷľʱԤ׵ػˡ
ͻȻĻԣͣסһûЪƴسвɽ
ûһ͡
ͷűԴ֮ס˵ΣյƽؽҰƽԭ
ޣĵϢвɽʧ󣬵濪ʼԳСӶ
һϸСԶѨ̽ͷ˻ţɬػ㱨뿪ɽҰƽԭ׻ħޡ
ظ飬͵͵ռϾͷ뿪ǻڡ
ԭȵ׷ɱŲһ
ϸڿе΢ͣûʣʵӦ
ˮһ࣬׹ءӻء
һ͸ˮƽǰ˫ա
ǧ겻ĺɵĹױڣϽһ԰׵ĺ˪
˪֮£ü޺űͦıϡܿǰɫ
ӽͷϱף͵͵ૡ
ҵܳħˡ
ٵȵȣɭħܳҾȥħŽ㡣
ٵȵȣܿˡ
һ۽ǵ䣬˲
Եϥ£㱨常ǰ׻Ŀɳ𣿡
̧ƺͫɢţԡһԡضðǱҪٲ֮¡
´ȻЦӦãȥϵĴѾ壬ۼҹǧǱߡ
ƽ͵Ȼһɱһһ

Ұƽԭ
嫵ľԴ֮
žߴһ˵ͷϣĥүӾûôǱ
꣬ػСèβһڽͷϣ˯˹ȥ
ࣺ
һһè;Ŷ
־ʲôȰŵͼߣ
ʹͷֻˡ
ŶСزèצӣèȶơ
סȶ£ӿٶҵķȥ
˸·һ죬ѹ
ģصĿɴռš
һɳ£ƥŵš
ۣȻɻԵĽԱһ
Ⱥͷĸߴİɫƥ׼ͣߣƥ
̧ͷ
ϣһͭɫƤ˳ɤӳСֵܣҪæ𣿡
ܾƼͷҵǸɫ¡

һ£ɭһɫ¡
һ޶ʱһ
л˵

ҷ


62 ǽɭ֮
һķ֧
ĸɭ, ֧ϵһļ
ӳĸ£֧ϵļ
ɭûʧ֮ǰʱ֧ϵһչ, ҪϳΪҵ쵼ߡ
һĹϵҲãõԹԴĵز
ɭʧƣӵƿһ, һͽнԶˡ
Ƿд, һ󲿷֮ǰų޷Ⱥһǵʱ׷ɭȻҶӵġ⡹ˣ׷ɭĽֵ, Ϊľ
ܿƵһԭȾҡ
һǰλͭɫľ, ȫûϹңʵŻ
ⲿˣֻֻɭ
֮ǰƹɭ֮ӵͷҲ޷õǵء
ǿ֮ǰ, Ѹ˽ϵĺ, ָЩҰ׵ס
ͭɫһ˦û硣
ͷ, ̽ͷ¿СֵܣҪȥģ
⳶һƵı飺Ҫȥ, ҵܸܵ΢ľŶ߶, ιȥ, ء
, ϵľŶ߰ͷ, ĥǲҪһڣװװӡ
ŶߣȻ漴Ŷⶾɲ㶪Ųܡ
˺ӷʲôǰߵû
ӷǾH׽ʦ
ˌູա
ӷһͣǰµĿС
㣬ڵҩչġӷȣ˵
֣òãУѾ˵ҩ֪ΪʲôǻԲѡ
ӷͷѰ˼ţ׽ʦ˵ҩҩЧԷȼģƻЧɡҲȥ룬Ҫһ̣
ԣ಻ð
ԥƬ̣ǾŶ嫵ĻӦ
ͷӦˣл
ж㣬ӷһֱ֣ӱ
ľ壬˵ģóˣӷͭɫˣЦ˵
ľһۣ޾ͳģ
ӷԱˣٺٵЦţ
ǰܣԽԽ졣
ľӵ۾һУ׷ȥСӣү㣡
ŽЦõ⿴
ڿȥֻƼľӷµҳ·
һ쵼Ŀ
п⣬Ϲ
˹ͷӣֱϾǼ⣬ʮ㡣
ֺǺǵظͣ£ǾôദģʽӷƤһ첻ϼβ̹
û£⡣ͷЦϵļҸôƺ
ҽǰǺƤϴ󣬽ľǸСһӷһȺ˵ˡ
Сʣǣ
ͷСȴɨһۣЦոտͷǰ˰ɣɫģϵһ֪ôƾͬ
棬ӥ
ǣǣһͷǳˡ
Ц㵹ʵϡ
Ц˵ʱϵһֵ÷зǲơȥĿǰһӵģֻӷˡ
ڳһݺ֪ģǡԭأ
֪Ļͦࡣ΢΢üȻһ̯ûʶû棬ôҵˣ
֪飬̧ץͷЦ󣺡Ī֣ողȷݣֻ̽һ¡
ڰ֣û£⣬⡪ԽһǰɣλֵܣǾŶж
һת˫Ŀ˯״̬ˣ
Ѿ˵ˣһǷϵȷһľһϵ磬Է
ھŶߴݵϢ£ҡͷ̾ҽ࣬·ͻϮ˶Ĺȣʱ˻ԣڵþС
ԣü˼һ£ȻҡҡͷǾ;ɣҲûĺð취ˡ
мصͷ
óн䱸뿪ʹ˸
󷽸ƥᣬԱߣûȥϵˡ
ľӷ˼ܣһ߻һ߸ϻش顣
ӷ첲Ǽˣ۵ıԹľ壡һ㶼֪һҡ
ľǡѧղҾ͸ö鼸ӲŶԡ
ӷͷܵ󷽣ˡ
ľһۣȻʾһº󷽵ʵˣ
ҡͷǸġŵǸͦҵŰɣһ·̣Ҳ
ҡ
ľᵽҾüӶûǽϢ
ε㶼˵ˣǾ͵˰ɡ
ޣľŭ˵˾ˣɭĶӲûôث֣㿴˵֮ǰƲˬԭģôḤɭͷ
ٶԶըƢľԶԶţȥˣ˳һҽˡ
ľŭճһ룬ס
תֵķϡ

ȽѵʱѾ
һߣͷײˣѵʮָɴࡣ
ʹھϢźһ΢΢죬̧һ¶ͷ
Ŀ۾ࡣ
ѣ⼤ߣˣ
Ϣ󣬽Ȼŵظģ
Щƣ˼ڻָС
ңϵһ
ã˼˲Ȼ
ҡϵһ
ֱ壬΢΢ƿ
һƫͷܿƥټɫ־
ϵһ
ڻ嫡
ˡ
СèССĴһУˣǸͶ㣬ǵò
ɢҥԣ˵ڶȻˣ󲿷⻰ǸӴͷţ㡣
˼һ˵ӣľ𣿡
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64 ףĸ
ӳֽ뷿ġ
Ӵͻ, ӳͿʼͣ
ܵ˺۹죬˿ϣȴƫƫѲ, ҲָˣΨȱ˿ӡ
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ϾĹǣ岻Уٸߵĳ
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ڲԵ˹, ӳվһͷ΢

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ɡľҲϵģ
ô֪᣿֮ǰѹեǣľ嶼Ϊ֮ǰֱϵ
԰԰֮ǰƾӷԴȻӷ͵ˣ
УӷһֱŲҪǸ˵ء
ʲôҲŲϡ
ӷ߹ʱͼСͷҧ䣬һ߷߲ƽģ
ӷü΢ﺬЦְ̧ͷȥǵôˣǷһô˳ѵ
Сһۡ
СһﰺͷͷСţʮֲӷ磬ǸˣԺ
ţ
ӷͷһ٣ɫδ䣬Цѹȥ֪ˣ𣿡
С۾ӷ磬ǲҪҵĻ
ӷü۾ӳżֲİɣľԵڣǲ鷢ˡ
С껹죬ȥͦλͻȻð
ʵֹǣӷҲܡ
һڣһ˲սԡѪֵܣұţѽһ˵Ŀս
Ҫǻ·ĿҲķҡ
ļСļӷǰοߣȻȥලѵ
һֵ÷з
缸С߹˽ѵ뿪ӷ˵ɲعᷢЩ顣
ķ绹Щ䡣
ӷջؿߣ£һ£죬ԼСԺߡ
ѵ뿪ڵһز֪𾪵Ϣ
ô𾪣һǺ뵽һȥ
ӷһϿɵġ
λð˳ҪӷںεأЩԭƫӷԴҪô֣
һֱӷϤָ½ˣƽƫ½ȥˡ
ѵĿӷҴ뿪
ɫ£϶·޹⡣
һλӼߵĵվһԵĻɫ̺ۣ̫Ѩӵüëˡ
ǵӷԴǱˣںò׻ָһʲô¶
ԱһλͷŮڵͷذף죬ذ׵Ĺָ䷭ɡ
ֻӷ
Ҳǣ΢վ
һ͵۾ʱڣ׹âǻɢġ
˵ţȻɣе㱾£ǾͷҪҪȫϾ˵
ԱǴͷĴͷĹͷˣȥһУ۾ϣ˳ӷ֪ӷǺ۸ģ
ô㣿
þͷָͷ죬㲻˵þһԣǲԼӳģ
˵ţɫ޹꣬ԨǻݼĻþôóã
л˵
ûüϵڲŸϣǸǸ



66 ҽӷս
ҹ, ľŵСﰲ
һֱ²شߴ٣ڶ㿪ˣȥ
һ˹һʣм㣿ÿһ㶼ᷢ񣿡
嫳ʵҡͷĵÿ˿ķʽһ, ǵһڵڶͿع
Ṭ
Ǵ½ɺͼ嶼ֿ־ĵطھȻˣϵڶѵأ
ź, 
һΪ, һ߽һֽɻǶĶʦ
ڶṬҪӵһ㾡ͷ롣
ָŽźڰıԵߡ
ڰľͷһĨȻ
ǳų, 糺ϻ棬һյĺ, ΢Ц
˫΢΢󣬡룿
Դȷʹó߻ֺûټ룬ֻһ¯͵ҩٱŵġ
һյ, һ, û뵽ڵڶܿع
˵ת, ָ̧ڵĴš
󣬴Ӧ, ϵڰһâ
۵ĹâƵͣס˶, Ƭ̺, ٴۡ
Ѿڹâʧ, ֻһ仰ȥ, ֻèڴĶ
һ٣ȻӭŹâ̧̨ס
һΰ嫱ԻΣڽļϡ
ʣҪʲô
嫺Ȱ£һצ˸߲ҵ޲ݣԳԵļƷʯԳԵĶʯС
СȥŽ죬żǡ
ϿƼĸצҲҲԸġ
ţסצɫķɫ棬ʲô
һû˵塭˰궪ˣڹƱЩССϺиɾ˰ɡ
һצ˳ëһȸ˵ҪĶء
嫲ϣشߴ٣ȥɣУҲûôõ֣ṬҲǸ񾭻ơ
߽Ṭ
Ṭĵһ˲䣬ӲɽԶĴѷ죬صɴ˫ۡ
ʶ󿴣ûпںĴŵӡ
ǰ󣬺һȥṬֱһģһΨһͬǣֻһˣϴųɰӡ
嫲𾪣βͣ𺳰ɣһһԭء
ΧľЩ֪룺ڸߣ
ָţ۾һߡ
èУŲǰߡ
˵ʵǿԽṬ·ͿԸԸ
ṬʲôĴڡ
һűܵСܸ֪ߵһжҲҪʱðۣ
ӦۣǰĹâȴѾӴѷ죬Ȼ׹һټĵ¹С
ͷȥڻرգʱͼӿ˹ٶȣ̺ϵʵʵ
ò׹èèСӡ
̧צˣһҪĶ궫һ棬ˡ
šߡ
¹һµ̨ף߹ת¥ݶ£һǿյĴǽĻƽװת¥Իҵ˲ټƷʯ
ʯƷ࣬һⶼڷ⣬ɫʺһ
¥ߡ
תźɫԴĴʱצȥקվڷϵļƷʯ
һקһӣèСŵñͷ
һ£һһ
ֵ̧һԴЩ𣿡
ֻצֻ˵ЩֲṬıᾪСġ
վһ¥ĿտУܵǽһȦûʲô飬Ȼվǽģͷȥ
źǵعһȥڶ·
嫱һѼƷʯߵ߶ܻҰõʯˣţҵĿˡ
Сèߺһ٣è뵽èβϣɵëɫˡ
֮ǰǺдףǰԺڣɫѾռ˴󲿷ֵλ
Сèգһ´۾ͷ̧צë߿Լϵɫ
ѵıˣ죬ٰʯҡ
嫰ѽռʯȫڵϰĳԡ
Ǹոֻǽ̽ӣûϸϸÿһţܿëı仯
·аɫȼϷëһ㣬ëܿ/ȥ˻ɵİɫͨףԭȵĻҺڴྶͥ
壬Сèһһŵ
ĶԽԽ죬ԵþʯҲԽԽ࣬֫һ˿ҺҲȥ̬ǵɫ
ϸһ£ܿëɢŵĵɫΡ
֮ǰ˲ټƷʯͶʯҲһɫһ·Ȼָܻɫ
Щʯ˳ǧ꣬򲻻ôǿԪ̺
һգգèоʯȻûסȥ嫵צӡ

Сèžʯ㶵ذͷ
ͷצӷ˹צϵķɫ˳
һָв
Сèػһ¡
ᡪ
צӲܿƵð˳ֱѹȥ
Цצô/𣿡
Сèžʯ֣צ
𣿡Цʡ
һ龧ʯ̽Сèһ£ƺ֮ǰĺɫëȻϽļ

һ
±Сèİر˷ܣСβһҡһҡһвè
ûʽṬǾѾջһϲ
̧ƿǽϵĻƽţſʱЩš
Ṭعڶ㡣
ͬڵһĽ̻Իͣһ㷴ʵе֡
ľڿյĿռȥʮľʵŶ
ߵﴩУʱһ飬ϸϸۣȻƵķŻȥ
СèԶһQﶼǶʦصĹ
ʦ
˳ҹȥͿõ̵֡
Сèվһܵľϣҧסһ⣬Сק
ǰɫͰһһ𣬼ֲèëĽޡ
߹ȥסɫ飬Ͼټ֣С
Уس廯ͣԶΪУɱΡ
ɫСèϸϸţ̾ҿǸķĺ֡
ʮͬͷͽ׻
һڣȻȷⱾȷĻȥһɡ
Աߵķһ飬Ȿ඼ǽƶء߽㶾
ⱾΨһһԶķ
ȵ¡
װķڶµĵطȥ
ͻȻ䣬عʼҡΣ̮ķ鼮һء
ҡε⧲ֻüץסɫСèеİɫ鼮Ȼڵ£عеľʧˡ
͵ۣ໹ڼһȴָһСݵģ
˽ϢŻع
ɫСè֫žߴһϣ̯ૣᡭôͿʼˡ
һѣĴԣǲһֻһƷ
СèһɫĶƤϣ֪ΨһһṬ
΢Щ졣
ʼ䣬ţǸ³𣿡
ʱ㣬˭
ɻȥȻ½Ӳסļȥš
ſһ̣̱Сè֧ӣͷᶯһ£èͫ󣺡㿪塪
ѾˣȥɵһƬ죬Ⱥɽ˷ԼɼЩߵѪ졣
ʶۣȻһСݳʧããУСèŵĴֻһѾ̦ʯ顣
СèͷԼצ̦ǣ̧צۺѾ̦ճ
ϸܿһţĿǺͼͷ򾡭

ëը̤סֱ죬ŭ𣺡˭̦㻢үү
èŻڣѪ﷢ˡ
գһգ۵Ĺ򣬰嫾Ѿˡ
һͻŭ𣬰ǿ͵Ļþ˺һɶֻʣѪ졣
ͬһʱ䣬һݸؿĵصĳ֣ЩþƬͳͳ䵽࣬Ʈɢˡ
δƲ㣬һͷ˭һӣΪʲôҪûþ̽ң
ݸһ泯أֻס࣬ȥʮʹģ
վԪһöҩ͵ǰСÿԻơ
ԣݸвɿ̧֣ͷѭ򽭳ķ
ſĳ࣬忡㣬һ룬ĵûйʣ۵ֻܿѹѹӰ
ӳǷϣһ˱עҴϳƴϹ˫ʧҩɾȡ
ӳóѹ׵ĵҩҲֻסҲͲ˵۾
һ£Ԩ㲻һİɡ
Ԩ½ëĮֻһˣ޹ء
΢΢ü˵Զ༸ŭŶһգ۾䵽ԨԣеԨû°ɡ
˷׷סΣǵԨŭɽ߸ӹͷŭʣʲô
סţ˫ֻأЦҵİɣþûѧʦŪҪֱ˵Ϊһ̣ʡ˷һ
㡪߸ӹͷŭɶǰһ̤õ˲Ҫǳݣͺҵ
һɨڳҲ߸ӵ˽һף༸УԨǵȼߵģڴԲ
վֱ壬ЩʧʵͻеþȣʵͻԴΪȥľһ°ɣ˳ͽĶ飬ȻҲѡ
˵ţڿеĵҩƵԨǰȻ˷š
߸ӹͷĵĻŪţŭʲô
磡
ŭһ룬ӷͼ̤ɫŭɶ˭ˣ
ӷյңеӽŵǣµؽǵļƻ̶Ȼŭֶһ
⻰ӷûĳ·ֱӾͳ˹
ӷŽڵѹ߸ӹͷɫһڨڨͷӭӷƣŭ
վ׵ļҲԭأһͷˡ
ӷѹŭ𣬽˰ɨһ飬ԨԻһö΢΢ſһ˲ȻŭˣǼ֮ӣɲǷȥʡ
뱻ͷһ٣ʱЩίǡԴ
ʲôԴӷŷӦüݺѹ£ȻЦˣǶ뵽ȥˣҪôȥʡҪôҽȥǸʱ򾪶ľ壬ôŭ𣡡
ץסһؼۣǸҪȥǸ
ӷǰؿ콭ţӷϢ𣿡
ԺﰲϢ沢û˻ػ
ӷǳǳɴŵǸ뼸Ū飬ҴǸϣϢŭһὫѵгͷ
֨
ľƿˡ
ӷĵǸʶͣͣεվŵĽ
ӷΪӷǸɫͨˣһ½ǣʣһһĵһˣ
ӷ졣
û˵ľҽһĹأһĸ֡߾֮ǻǣ
ӷ죬һͷɫء
һĨЦΪƽΪֻ㣬һҲǣûüһǴк˼ȥĿǰ˵շǵķǽǻǣ
ӷü˽˼ɫصͷҪܴңȻշǡ
õġϲָɴˣ΢΢һЦ
߳䣬ָˬҽʽսӷʱص㷽ʽ
ʱ䡢ص㡢ʽ
ӷüսңȻʽ
˵ʵڻƵҲŽ𵤶ףǰĽ츳ٸߣҲԽ׻Ľ׵ļ
ӷ˼ţԼͽĥģǽүܱȣ
زռıˡ
˼ЩЦڰ֣㶨㶨ö˵ˡ
ӷüͷѹøһԹҲȰǡ
л˵
ӷǸԵܡ



67 ʮճԪӤǿߣ޼½һǧһǧ꣬ĸ
ӷ, Ԩһδ͵ĻþܴСԪܸܵοͶԪ/еľ
ڽӷս󻹲Ƭ, ľŭ
ľһסԺˣȻûʲôسӷ֪Ǽӣӷƽѵŵж٣ܷǹţ
ӷͷƽʱľֵ, Ҳʱ졣
һղŻʮĵ, ȫѵǳЦǰľ, Ϻá
ϺãľƼֺǺǵģе,û˰ɣ
ҡͷֻûþ̽ңûж䡣
þľһӷӦ͵ػͷԨˣ͵ĻþҲóã
ľȻò, ȫ֪ʵε, ԨҰֽһĻþʹʲô
Ԩ, ĬĬͷû˵
СԺĶֵòС, ֪ƻһЩǶСΧ, ˯µԵ, Ѷæ˹
ԵΧ۵ӶϳСԺ, ٻعͷεԨ, ̾ǣʲôɵ
Ź⻬ͷСֹ˵֮λ߾֮Ǿ̽һ¡
㻹˵ľӵֱۣҪҸطȥ
ľˣ򽭳Ǹһ£͸Ǽѵ
Цҡͷƽ͵ľ壬¶Ҳȫǣһ̫æûüǴкɣղײգϣҸҼ档
ľüɻ
΢΢תͷһԴӷЦһ˵һĹǿΪѾӷսľΪ֤ɡ
ľȻ
Ե죬Ȼϣ򴽲
ڶգ磬
ʺϿս̨
һʮϵĵӣȫټѵȺ
ľٴ˽һǿȥεĵӣǴѵս̨С
˵ս̨ʵѵʱС£ûκεֵԪйװãȥܸܵ
վս̨ϣ̧һ̧ŸճסȻľãֲ⡢ûɻһ־֡
һѾزˣ
ľ˫һ̯֪һûǮģС¶ǵÿʱάģûǮˡ
ϵĻˮľ壬޾ͿޣָĨ۾Ūˡ
ľһָĨһȻѵϣվڽӷм䡣
ϱĿսĵΣվȴƮ䵽ľԱߣǸİӰϡ
ˡ
Ǵ˵е
Ҵլﴫ÷зģ˵һһ˷ʲô֪
һ磬˴ӷȥ˴ӷϰȥйߡ
ָĲ²⣬Ҵլˡ
˵Ǳ׽ӷڽռݻô˶ϣɻ֧ӷ
ľվ̨һɨǵı龡۵ףһ۾֪ȺʲôʱЦˡ
Ҳýͣսߣսߣӷɱսƶ򡣡
롪
ս
̨ĵĵ̷ͷضս̨
еӴںӷϣ
ľۣסɤӺˡ
̨ѻȸ죬û˵ˡ
ٶЦˣڰ֣ľ壬ɣôءҿһľΣעׯ
͵ĵǲУʱޱȸߴС
ľʹļףԼҵӵǮҲû٣Ǳһ
һ䣺⣬Ӯ˲Ե
ľܾ񣬡õģ͸㿪ľ֡
һӣ
ľ壬Ǯۿĺ
ľֵʼԵһСӣһԼƱ
ڲľֵ˲ǺɵһһЦû֦Ҳľ¹ġ
ˣ
ѹӷ
һҧóƷʯϣԵ磬ʮƷʯѹӷ
飡
߿飡
Ʒʯ
һ̾
뵱ڵҩƱǿǼǧƷʯǣٲҲиƷʯҵ¶ĵľȻƷʯ
ڽĿռҡͷԵ˵ﻰһˡ
ʶһСè°ͣͷ죬ԼȥĻԻʱ⡣
ӷվϣҿһۣȻĬĬߵľֱߡ
ԵسЦţӷע
ӷҧҧóһƷʯŵϡ
ڵӣ
գգۣ
ˢˢӷͷָ͵Ҳûʯ
嫣⡣
ľš
ľԵһۣͬʱ뵽˽һ־ƷʯˮĬ
/ûʯ
ˮǸܣľԵֻܺ࣬ӷ
һͨע꣬ӷ»صϣǸ򽭳ʯǸ֮ͽ񲹸㡣
šʲô
ʵϵˣЩǣһίû£л
ӷǾΣĳüָ߬黨û뵽ᷢչһ
˭ûǮζ˽ͷöԵľһֱⱼߵˡ
ʯܾ
ӷҪҪˣҲҪʯԵġ
ͷֻһ˲䣬̾ͱѹȥ
սֵܣǶĲ𾴣
תƻ⣬ɣ˵Ĺ򡣡
ӷһ£֪ʲôȼѾǽˣӲӲĻ׽ŪˣɣУ˳ս̨Χϴ䣬𡣡
˵üУ峺ס
һҭ
̨µĵǷ׷׵ͷͬغҪӷӲӲıǿ
ӺӷǺԺĹ
ιιιѹ˭ôӷˣŶԣҵģŷݣӷٶҪ
ӷ㱻˸飬߳ų̆µˣʵڣ
̨µӣԣ
ǵĻѽһ֣챻ͻϮµһ˿ŭҲһɨա
ӷݵĸ첲ֱô󣿡
ӷ̧ӺףεֻǱƵ·ʱ˺һֻϻͱǴȥˡ
ڿռİֱ壺
嫺˺ϻޣҲϹϸϸһӷֱۣһ£ṬǿֱĹ
ӷá
һͷӷ֣ЦҶԾҵĵȼ̫ռˣҲᶯԪҲ飬עˡ
ڿһһصƷС
֣һŵضϣο磬һξͳӷǰ
ӷ˼һ仰δعͼɫĹâգ۽
Ϣ
ӷһ˳ʶƫͷ
鷢ĶնϣƮƮ䵽ϡ
ӷˣûǹϢڣ廹
ϢٶȣһڶëȻĹ
ӷضסͫ׻
һûмվڵϴ㶵Ц˵ˣҪСġ
ӷЦûëĭһŵ뷨ð˳ס࣬ʲôȼ
ƮƮĳһ̵£
ӷ㱬˴ֿڡ
¸ƨ
ԪӤûˣ
ôʮճԪӤǿߣ޼½һǧһǧ꣬ĸ
л˵
¸ǰҿܶҪʱƵʮʮһˣ̫æTAT
һᾡƾʹ壬֤ÿ춼и£оͿ㡣
ұȸСġ



68 շӷ
ӷվǷ, 𽣻ѵСˣһС
, ջã𾪵ӷѹʵĳӿŨŨս⡣
Ӧ
ϾǽߣӷһЩ֡
˵ԼᶯԪûӷԪʹá
ӷѾȼս, ԼֵܽԪӤǿ, ֱóٷ֮һٶʮսרעȡ
νϣ̤Ư󣬽ֱӷĴ
ٶ̫, 쵽ۿĵӶûӦһգ۵Ĺ, ͿѾӷ
˵һ
ľۣЦһز¶
˾ȣ͸˵ʹ֮еӷ
ɨ󱳣ӷ޿ɱܡ
ŭȳ, ˫һ, Ѿ޴ĴСͨ尵죬ӱɼƷʯ, ʮּӲн֮
ӷó˫, ΢΢ü, Ҳ, ֱֱػӽϡ

ش, 졣
̨µʶס, Ŀɿڴ̨ϴ򶷡
ӷ˫󣬵һ˸ӲӲ
ҷ׷򽭳еǱȻ֩˿ƴӽʼӣֱ޳Ľȫǡ
ꡪ
ɷĩɢ
ûڷ飬˼סΣֻʣĳü
Ĵ󡣡пϵصͷʾ
ӷһ飬ƵԪҲеְ
ʧЦο㵽ԪӤᵽʲôȫȼԪӤǿĿɲֻԪѹЩ
δ䣬ʧΡ
ӷֵȴֽһ䵽Լ
ͬʱһļĲϣִӷ
Ѿ÷ĳЩĩ߬һϸϸ롣
ϸֻά˶ݵһ˲䣬ȻٴλΪĩӷȴҶ¶ڴս
˽ֻһ˲Ĺʱ䣬Ҳ
ӷɬ˫䡣
䵽ǰĩָĶƮɢڿС
ܵ𣿡ʡ
ӷ΢΢ѵصͷݶȡ/ǿȡϸ΢Ʒİѿضȡǳɱ
֣Цز䣬жԿռ֮ʹá
ӷһ
ϸķĩȻ
̶̵ļھȻֳʤ
̨µӻŵ˫ӷĿ¶𾪡
ڴҵĳע£Ħָϸķĩг
вɽӳһֱԣûü۲Լڵı仯
֮ǰܸܵռ֮Ĵڣ׼ѿأҲǸո佫ĩŷԼʱռ֮
Ҳ֪ͻԪӤ׺򣬻ǺǴвɽᶾؿռйء
˼Ƭ̣Ȼ󻺲̨ףվԵľǰ
ӷڽɫڼ
ľ˻Ŵлع˿ĿƵ򽭳㵽ʲôȼ
סĵҲ׷׿ĬĬס°ͣٲսʼǰ
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ľڵˣʶȥĿڻԼС
ӷ㱼Լǰ˼룬޲ҸطȥҸƤӰԼס
ԪӤ˵ˮ˵飿
ӷ̧ĨһЩجج
ԴǸ˵Ǹû㣬ûҵ˵
ӷذڰ֣ڿǰ˵ˣҹҲš
ͷЦ޹ȻͶԵǰСľ֡
ľֺ̾Ǻǵ˵Ǯ
ε˵Ҹһļ񣬽Եˡ
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ԽЦأȻͷȺڻ㱵ĵʱɫ
ҲǳȥҪô£ս̨ϵϸںĵȼһҲй¶
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⻰˵ʮףǶڶŽɫ˷ܣľľûʲôӦ
ľ˽ǵĵԣ˸ۺػӻ֣ɢ˰ɢ˰ɣһûӡ
ӷĲ죺ѵľʮԪӤ𣿡
ľһҭ

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ŽգڷЩһʽôȱ¯ûá
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ŸǮķͼСԺⷭǽӳ·֣˵ȥ
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ӳ⣬ΪʲôͶ𣿡
ƵΪڣв°ֶ
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ϵ˻࣬Ȼ׼һѱĵ಻ֵ֪ıҩ
˷ϵˣվʼʵ顣
ֻǶ¼ƻӳֹ
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69 Ǹʦ
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ڶ糿ҲʵͶŶ߶ǲݶء
ԶԪ鷳Լʹöʱöʧصᶾʯ, ת
ʮֵľԪŶ, һ˿һͣ˿и
Ͷ;Ŷ߶ʱ䳤˳鷳Ƕ
Ƕͺ˽һϵʱ, ͵ҲҶ, ͣĲ䶾ŵԪأȻͣ, صȺǵɫĹâзӦ
һӹȥɫâʼհ˸, û෴Ӧ
ʱ̾һȫ껹ûзӦ, ô죿
Ҳ쳣ԭ, 쳣ˡ
һֱĬ, ڲſ˵һ䣺ϵ۰ءɹͣɡ, ϵ۰㡣
ɲ԰׵ݣ΢΢û˵
飬һӦϵ۰أϵ۰Ǳߺ޷Ӧ˵۰زԵ޹ʧǡ
ͻ˼ý⡣
Ƕͣ˽ʱɫɺ޶
ʧؽ˳
ӳûôãʱ򣬳Ųס˯˹ȥ
ҡһҡͷɳƵͣ°ɣǼظաȥϢǵ׹⻹ûб仯ٳԺĶء
˵õİ취ˣξϵ۰ء
չվʱһ£ЩѣΡ
ӳһԵСϣԼٴ˹ָĵԪͶء
һΣʱ䵽硣
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ѽļֳ̌ӻӣֺǺǵشк
һƣЦݣȻţСݡ
ӷԾذһֻСţȻͰ͵򽭳
ǵһ裬Լ˲ˮƣ建˻ŵǸҸմӳ֪ˡ
û¡ľ𵶵£ȻЦ˵Ҳûʲô¶Ҿһ£ûʱһЩǡ
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ľԪӤףҲһʵǿˡ
Ҫͽ׬ȡʽһʮʱʱƮ̵
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йҴȵ顣ԵڣҸշ˴ȹ֪ͨҴȵĹ𣿡ʵҡһͷ
ԵӻóһţƤСӣݸǱ¶ƵĹԿ
һ߷СһԵ͡
ԭҴֻ֣һ̨׶λ̨ʸֱ̨ܹ1020꣬2035꣬Լ35ϡ
ڶƴͽѰһϳһڿԮԱȵĸ
ҶһڣΪ25µĵӻս˳սҲ̨ǰڵĳսغϡ
Եؽţ˵ЩΣ¼ӵһڶΪ༸Ҳòôĵӣ٣ҪƳս
Ųյʵ̨ȺͻսȶҪԼҵľ;ҵģԲμ𣿡
ȻԡľһڲˮЦǰüңߺұݻѪԵϵϵ֮ǰƴҳսŵĵӲμ̨ȣԻʦܡ
΢΢üҴ˵ǱҵӱƴʵǿһԮǿɣ
ľ˫һ̯ܽᵽλ
üͷøˡ
û뵽ҴȱȵĲԼʵϵⲻƫ˴ȱ
ӷվһԣûסز廰սĿǲ˵Ѿȫ鸽ˣ
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ڵ̨ľü˵˼ԼϣķƫʺϽҳսܻᵢͽ̨ıƴ
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أʡ
ľҡҡͷֻܷˡʹûþԨǵһΨһʦһβμ̨ʱԣŪ˫ۣѾû취ˡҪ˵ֻһ׵ҩ
ƣšüɻʱΪһȻҶԸһ
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ľɨһۣ˵㵱ʱȼһ
ӷѹŻڶˡ
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˽ʢʮġӡȻ֪
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ߣҪַֻ
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ĿǰЧ󣬻ҲΪϰķȼߡ
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70 عˡ׻嫵
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, һٰͷ򿪵󣬾һ㡣
ô㣿ȥ߱ʣڶҲͨ񣿡
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СèŶС֫, ,ҪعҪ֪, ֮ǰڶ̬ͦ
ʣ磿
硭Լ˫ֵҡһβͣ˵Ҳмֺ,ҲЩȸ˵ģǰֻߵ˵㡣
˶٣ȻЦ,ǾǵΡ
Сèգһ۾, Ȼë׵βҡøˣɨŽֱ,ŵ㣬ǻߵĲ, 㣡
һм㣿
, 㻹Ĳ㣿߹Ĳͳˡ
,, ȳ, 
ڽĻֵĿܺ󣬻ү͡
·ߵĻүһ·¹ڶ㡣
ڶ㣬ǼӵĴ鷿
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һһߵСִʲô˵Ļء
۾һȦڶͣסȻ󿪿ڰѽƣȥҹڶʯķɣȥЩ
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Сè˦βͣ°ͣƵطүԼߡ
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ֻǵѩ׵èצһ̣ͻȻеȫצǱʲôסǿק

ʶȻǰһڣʶСè롣
ѭͷͼ嫱һ飬赹ڵء
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߽߱ͣ룬ĸǶʯܲյȻǡþͿⱾķԪɶʯ
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˫Ӵ£ýǻУ޷
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޺ݵӰ죬Ƭɫˡ
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л˵



71 һӣս
һ
ľһҪȥͽ׬, һţ
ľƤЦⲻЦص簲Ȼס
Ц, ҪһݷǴŶʱһ
ȷʵˣлɷѿĵش飬ҼһľӲȥ
ɫһ, ܱЦ,ʱƸӣֻܱ֤ӵİȫûע⵽ȷʵҵĴ, ǵǸҼɣܵø˵ǸС
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Ȼһˮֱߡ
Űˮ, ۵ӹһ˿ġ
ľ, ȣɵǸ, һҶ, ͽ, ȵ׿ˮ
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ˮ˵ϵ΢Ц߲ɽ
ľһۣû˼
ӲǾһˮյƷʱ
Ƭ̺󣬴ŴԶԶľнŲ
Եǰ棬Ϊ·
Ų̧̧ͿϤЦݡ
º͡ĳģ
嫻ָ˾ڽֹֻϺ꣬ǲһļЦŵģҲЦˡ
ЦӦϰ߳Ȼڹ벻Ҫôڱˡ
Сè˦˦βͣÿɷ
ǰǳֲʧڵشквɽĹգƽµվ
ҲΣǰ
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˵ţп֪˯ˣҾӦðѲŶԣôܷһ˴ء
Ա߶һ£ǡɶ㿪֣͵صͷǰҲô˯Ҳ֪ʱŴԼôֻޣⲻԾûˣֶĺӡ
㽫ڰյջأЦһ¡
仰˵ЦݣҪǴ֪ľΪǲֶĶ˳ˡ
Цݣٽ㼸󣬲Աߵ֣Ȼֶֻѵİɣ
Ц̾һȻҪǡģʯԴһδȵҡѾ䵽ˣڻֻһķݶû𣿡
̧Եѯʡ
Ե΢΢ͷԴѾ˴£ѵһԴû
ˮҡҡͷҲʵûа
һ˵עӣŬЦתǳѹס⣬ǲغƵؼҷѶ˵ǻҰƽԭϲϼһˣһԴǣǡǸǿһ󣬻ȥӡ
ֿ̲סЦݺơ
ľԵɫѾ¡
סҪƿڴľ侲˵лѣȻҵôܣһΪѴ֣ȥ
һͨ޻ϣ䲻ȵض˻ϵЦݶʱʧɾ
ӷͿͣ
Ͷ͵ӷһ㶡
һ롢ԨˣãǸոձ¶ˣ
ĦԼĴͷãˣûа
ӷվɤӦˣ
ЦЦƿ޷ǿ޵㣬ƤЦⲻЦɡ
άߣ뿪һΧ
һһķЦһһҵҪʲôȥ򺷷ˣ
ߺӷڽľԵ˵ɨһȦСʣָʲô¶ˡ
ľƳһۣҲûʲô飬ûͷˡ
ӷ
ӷҺƴˣ
ԭͷҶˡ
ӷƲ죬Թ̫ˣƽÿҪһΡ
ľûǿ򽭳ȷҪԼȥϲӣ˿ɲôܶԸġ
ҡͷȱҩһӦڱѺȱǻս𣿡
ľüͷ壬ǹϹ
ھ֪ɽлҲòˡվ˵ȥԷʵûгңǻеһƴЩǳĺҲʼ衣
ľͬ⣺ȥ£
ľ壬ʵ൱һ˵Ҫҿ뿪һӣأ
ľ
뿪һӣһƻֱס
ȥᶨһǣ˵к֣ʱ׼һ
ľšŴüͭɫÿһд˲ͬ⡣
ӷվһ˻Ūʲô֣Ҳȥɡ
У
ԣ
˵еǽ๵ҿԱ֤һ˵İȫ
ľȴҡҡͷͬǳȺӣʵǿһԪӤڼڣҲӦҶԸˣӷǱо顣
ӷصͷЦҿӴ򺷷˵ͽأĵᡣ
ļ̌һ½ļ򣬵һĹǣһꡣһļʧˣĳԱ˵ˣеĲУɭĻزһΨһϣ㲻ܳ¡
˵꣬ԣһȣŵļӶҹ
ѹüؿ롢Ԩĸ˴Ӵ߽
˫ĿʧɫƽԨ
ԴƢ룻
һλϴɫ˰̡ü΢Цꣻ
Լһλ̷ɫװ̬Ů
ӷҲԾ߹ȥվ࣬Ŷվ򽭳ľ
ľָǰˣһθϸ½ܣһΪõóֵһˡ
ӷ20ꡣףظ
Ԩ23ꡣ𵤶ףʹùԶ̹
룬21ꡣ𵤶ףԪƫľԣ١
ì21ꡣһף˫֣ϰṦܹԪƫء
ҥ19ꡣһףɱ̿ͣذס
˳ľĽܣһһȥͣСһװҥϡ
ҥĮʹԼ޲ֻǵӻȥʾԼķӦ
ľָҥҥһǱߵĵӣϲɱĹʺӭС
˵꣬һղЩ飬˰ɣȥʰʱ׼
ľһ£ӷӦȫܾĻᡣ
ߺ󣬽ſЦһľңҪǰɣ
Ҫһȥѡ˵һǧ˰ٵķӡ
ӴһһȻҪȴ㣬һӣһ˵ǲСĴ
ľӣЦͽҵĿİɡ
̾ãľİš

ˣһڻҰƽԭĵóΣһɱ
ͽ𹫻ķ֯һֺƫڽӰɱٻӶصĵӣһƫ·٣ȡ·ѡ
Ϊ˹·İȫ̻ͽ𹫻͸ɷ͹Ӷֻһ仰û˵εĺʲô
ӷקԼĺЦҪ˵϶µԵݵôһϷ
Ԩ˫ʧԺһƥԵһ¶ؼǱҲŹ㲻ûϵ顣
ʲô㲻úͶˣ
ìЦ߹ͷϵİ̺˿Ӱºʣþûд򺷷ˣҲ֪һһҳ֡
ҥ˫ỷìĮԣɱˡ
ìֱ̧ѵŮӼҼҵģôס
ҥ䡸ߡһѸջػìϵ֣ͷȥ
ìذǣԼϴš
ӷ۾ۣһۣȥֹôûأ
СԺӡ
ǱʯɵķӳҲȷǷǶʯķԿһ¡
ӳһķܣЦķֻܼԦ˰ɡ
ķϣڰֵԼ˳߻ֵˡ
ӳһڣϽɣǵ
ЦŻӻ֣ת뿪
ߵſڿһֱ࣬ȷϵҪ𣿡
һͷ򴽲
һֱץұŲмְִŽȥܸǴΣա
룬ͶǶһöʯװƿݸʹ÷㶼ҪΣգþŶʹڶǶ֡
ᵽ֣װӵľŶ͵̽ͷ˻һš
ָһ㰺ͷȥ˿ˡ
ŶίίӦһ˻ȥ
źһУŷĵߵǣľΪ׼ɫƥ
嫻һ̽ͷڿԳȥ͸ˣ
л˵



72 뻢Ѩ
Ұƽԭ
һ, ƽԭϱۡ
һֱṦ·ûôһαȽˡ
ӷǰ漲, ӭͷţ٣ɵÿ̹ܲ
Ц𳤱ޣ׷ȥ
һ磬˸פӪأͣ, ȴ̽һϢ
ӷͽӪʮֳԵÿ, ĴһȦкȻһ
Ԩ˼ֲ֣ǺʣǵϵҲ, ΪʲôҲͽˣ
ӷһֻռõˣݸεͽҲҪԷ, Ǹͽ˵Ǯǿϵλͽˣ˵׼ں
Ҵȵͽһɽ˱Ҫֳһƽûбƴ׼һ, ˶֪˭ǿ˭, Ӱ֮⡣
˼Ȼһ䣺Ҫôжͽ˵ʵ
ӷȮ˺һ鼦, ߽˵жϲ, Ƕʻ۵Ŀ, 벻Ϥͽȫǿ
ʣڿڱõͽ˭Ҫʯ
Լļҵ, ʵڲ, ֻⰬǬˡ
ӷ,ڱõġ᳤ⰬǬɣͽ𹫻ְλͶƱϵģûл᳤ֻи᳤񣬹ƾܱͶϻ᳤ˡ

һ´ǣԼȷʵе̫ͽ𹫻ˡ
嫡һпеŰһֱӵһɣ
룬ڿǰ˵ķӡ
֮ҵؼ̶ӣȰһӹ
ûиؼ̶ӱĵַԹӷٴεԱߵﰤһ⡣
żƣʱʱѾ쵽賿
Խ˵ѯʣӷָ̧ϲɫ΢࣬Ұɽϱߣǿĺˡ
硹֣༸ˣɫͱ䡣
Ψɻʣ硭ʲô֯
뿪ڸͣ˵еƣݲ
˿磬ɨҰƽԭĴڡ
ɱԽ޶һȼŭãӶɵߣһټ
ɿʧڻ꣬ٶȾˣǻڽɱϮǵˣȻ̾ƽԭϲԹ޼ɵɱӡ
üͷֱ壬ļأôŶû߳𣿡
ӷɳ֣ԪӤһڴԲһˣֻ˿һԪӤ׵ĸ졣
ԣɫ䣬ŵôܣΪʲô
ӷ̧һüģ̾˭ҲŪԴ֮Ƕٴ˶ħħޣͬȼȻֲʲôô
ħ
Ͱ嫵һӦڡ
̧˿ħ⻰ɲ㴫
ӷҡҡͷֵ̯֪Ǵԣи˵
ɫԽأɶƵ뵽вɽЩ顣
ħѶȾԶԶԤϡ
ӷ˵źȻ輸֣ŽɫɱΣ԰Ƕ¡
ȴǳεҵġҺħ֣ħֻܱ֤Լȫˣȥֻ·һ
ԣӷ˶ǻۣû˵
ְ̧һ̫Ѩһ˵·;ȷʵϤ󣬳ȥ˭Ҳ֡
ìҿһۣʣʲôʱħ
ҵǰһ죬вɽ
ʧһƬֻõǽصĺ
Ǹħ޲ߣȥɲ𡭡
һδԴʯԴܶ
ӷ˺޺ҧ˱ˮһս׼
ĬƬ̣ڸˣȥ˯ɣһܹԸħ
˵һֱĬԨ̧ӣһīɫıӸԨǰ
ϻīĸ֣Ի
Ԩ΢΢һе̧ɫ˫âɻɢ
ӷѭǱīɫķͫ׽һЩȡ
Ȿķ˫ؼʱܹԻǣǱ˫ۻþһϰ
Ԩ΢΢죬ãԴȥȻʶ֣סƮǰķ
ķ飬ֻҪԪעУܻ֪ķ
ԨֻԪ̽Ŀһ£ʱסȻ󲻸ŵİͷǡʥƷķ

˲ˤռĿصһɽɨǱīɫ飬۾ˡ
գһ̵ۣǵġҲûϸݡ
ķȣֱǸɶеƷķƷķͨõģ˭ҲǴ󲿷ʹõĵķ
ȻʥƷķһĴڡ
ʥƷķɿԪдֻܹѧϰһΣ൱һԵķ
½ѵһƷķ˵õƷķ˳ĻҲִܵﻯڡ
Ʒķֻڴ˵УڵĴ½û˼Ʒķ
Լ˾ӵߣӣε֮ǰṬżõķҲֻṬصʥƷķɡ
ķԨ΢ķƣķҲҪ
ֱ̧֣ķԨĻϣķֻǷʺϣûҪҪ
ԨָȻͷס˫ĵлãлл
ʥƷķĺը£ӷʱ˿Ŀ־УһƮƮȻ߻
侲ì̲סĨһҾðɣϣϣ
ӷȭᴷһ£Ѿȼ˼ֿȣǲϣһԣ
ԨżߣֻṬõ𣿡
ҥ̷ҡ÷
ԨʥƷķһŻյĵ׷ȡ
ͼ鲢һǵСֹ΢΢˼ִǻȡ
˿ٿȻ̻صԼ
뿪󣬽ҲóСķĦƤ棬̽Ԫ
֮ǰȻõķһֱûʱ俴ڲ֪ṬʢʥƷķ
Ҳ⣬ṬϵλͶԴ޼½ȻҪһȼ
ҡβͣⱾʥƷĶķٽһƷ
Ʒʲôģ
š޷Ԥϣ޳ɳ
Ӧ򿪶ķʥƷ֣Գ
֪̾ˣӦⲿķġ
嫵Ҳһϵʱ䣬һһ㡣
΢΢ףȻ󻺻ۣȡķڵԪ
һ˭Ҳ˯ţҶսǰһϣ˲ҹ
ڶ죬ƥȺڴ˵ļˣһӣ֪硹֮ǰӳ־
Ǵȥϲķ羰
ӷϳ֣ȲǴ죬ӦÿˣѹӢһƯˣ
ҥӣС˵Ʈ
ìЦǣ֣һͬ
ټĿҰϣһƥҰһɫɳ
֪ǿ纷˺Ǿʹʮֵľ϶ͣЪֱƽԭϲ
ƽԭϼһһҹ󣬽ӭŷʣжܵ
һһ/ҹܽܣЩƣˡ
ӷֱһ»ĵͼȻ󳯽һ
ʱ
ζѾ˺Ӷ
˾һ
ӷֳ漸˱ƣʾҿʼٶȡ
Ƭ̺ƥǻǰнֱֻʣһʱ·ʱȫƥռ䡣
Ұƽԭϲ濪ԽԽֱ̫㶵شɳҰ￴һ⡣
ɳ¶ȼߣǽȼоЩڸ
뿪ƥ󣬽óһѴССľӣԼľľϻ˼Ų֪Ū̻ǩ
ŹͷǴġס̻꣬ǴŪģ
Ѷںãջһ䣬ľģһǴӸռĴƷʯ
ĬĬһľ˴Ĵָ
ѻϣó鲼Ƴַ첹ףһ˷һ
ӷŴֲЩľĳ
Ц˵ЩǴ򺷷˵ľ飬֮ǰû
ҥذףҡͷֱɱαװ
ȻǳĽࡣ
ѸٱװϣݳìںƳӷǰ浱ָ·ˣҥԨԵ
һССŶڿճէһмƽԭ̶ӵ˼
ôڻҰƽԭߣӷƽԭͣװ
ӷìѷժóں󱳡
ԨóһȣȻðײ۾·
ҥҿһۣȻóһҷͷϣϴֲ£¶źڰۡ
뿴Ǽ˵Ĵ磬Цֱ
ӷһ°ۣӿռͳһٷͷϣĹͷ̫ˣںá
Цһͣ㱻ԼĿˮǺ
Ц֣Ȼǣߺһݡ
½Сһƽԭϲ񱼡
ٶԶһһԭƵһʱʱֹ
нʱ̵ʱǰһ󣬻ɳ𣬵ɳǺ˴
ڸоһ˿
ǳǳᵽ˿еһ𳤱޳ƨ/ɡ
ɫ˻
ӷ˽סӵֵɳĶһöСɵİɫҩС
Ƭ̺󣬽̧ڴϴһУȻ״̱ϣڵأƥͣ˽Ų
ͨ
˽أſڵϣ˯ѡ
ϯĻɳͣ£һȺúڲݳ᾵
ͷ˴ŶñƾɵͻԵļˡ
һӣֵѣǮǮûǮѻȫɽţ
л˵
С͸ħС


ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


73 ʦ
ڲ˺ܿɢ
һװͬĳЩľӡ
һڵϵļ߻ȥ, ȷǷԣʱһţȻùԱغֱû
ſſصڵ, Ⱥڲʵ˵ȥһԡ
۾һۣŪò㰴಻ס
Լ̲סըˣȶ, Ϊ˸αװԶ׼ɢ¡
ɢֻ˱, ֻҪԪܰѾĶԳɢ
ƽԭ򺷷ˣӼұرĺö
ʱֻǽһ, Ǿͷ׷ױˣʱǡþó
ڵ,Ѿ״̬˼ѵúܡ
öⶾҪɷǽѪҺúӦ֪лء
˽ⶾаʱİ嫡
׼ȷһʧ
ȥĺڷ, , ƿһһѵľӡ
Ӹǵƿ˶̲סһ䡸
ôˣ
ͷǰѯ, ɨ
ӵļ́ͷ²۵ϴȫЩʯ, Щʯı߽߱ǽ, ѹûʲôֵ, ûǵֵǮ
ͷü, ְڰֵûþͶ, պÿԵϡ
ǣӦ

ϣ
ſڵϵļ˴ʮ־񣬲׽ǶԻĹؼʡ
̧һӣһʯƬ
ҲһԪϯգľһڿƮ
Ԩ˫ۿ֪ʮ
ЩϯԪﲻƽԪһֿ״ĶȥЩճƤϣܵ÷
ҲˣԪһԪܴ⣬һͻһ֣˵Ԫȳˮݡ
Ŷûб䣬ʣȷħ𣿡
΢ࣺٷ֮һٶʮİգ˵ϴͷǴ壬ǰЩ˾ӽ֣Ԫ಻̫
嫺Ķۡ
Ĭ
ڳҪҪͣμƻӷ˵սħʵ̫ðա
룬ѾŻǵԪƮһɽС
Ҳ֪ɽôγɵģɽһ˲䣬͸оԼƤǽһ˲ѵʧȥ֪ϸϸܣܷ˪ķĩ
ֻǽɽһָܣлƯڶ˫/ǴӦе¶ȡ
źۼü
Աߵӷ˶Щѹֲס併´Ĵ̼΢΢һ˲
ԱߵĺƳֵۣ˪гЧݵ˶ܸе䡣
ͷ˸ǰ棬ԼûнǲͰ׷ץЩˣһѣ滹ʮո˳ȫӽ
̳Ӧǣ
漴һžЩװʯӱһء
иŽ˵ԪҲʧֱӰأһƬݶϡ
ʹݲϣԼǿ
˰һţţˣȥ˪ϣȻ˰Ƿʬйˣʲôҽ̶ӡʲô
һǳ⣬΢΢ۣĬĬûж
һֱ뿪ǵλãԱȥˡߵ죬Ҳ֪ʲô
嫡
﻽è
嫵Ʈ˳Ա߻̶ӵˣʮɣһͷ˻䣬ҵëʵˣĸ
ɢǱѩأûߣҲԪůӣѾ䵽ûֻо⡣
ʣܿһ̶ֻӵ𣿡
Ŭ͵ţ롭Ǹ֣ô˲ĸо
롭
˼һϴ̶ӣӡвû֡
嫺ȻлһȵҿǸˣ

һȷ𣿡
ֹһ㿴峤ˣһűͷŵˣи̶ǸҪո䣬ߣ߾Ǹ֣˿ޣԼһ˯
üϢĬʱ䣬Ⱥ˳߿Žɢƣγ״
ָ֪ŸܵΧж˵ĺԲֹʮˣԼĪư𲽡
Ķסϸϸһ£Ȼۡ
Ĵܵ˰ɣ£˿ߡ
Ĭס
壬ѣ˻ۣһľõĽǡ
ǵСȶδĹעԱ߱ץ˵Ѿסݾ޹⡣
ǻ˹дŵ졣
ոȺ˵Ļˣô̶̵ʱѹˣһ
ԱߣǸɢסҲ̧ͷҳŵͷϡɼһ˫һۡ˫һ۴ʱ΢΢йâ١
ɢҵ⣬ײһԵ
عͷƽ޲
ˡһָ
΢ʶת˻ȥոѵһȺ
ɢҵҲ̧Ʋס۾鷢¶һȻȾϻҳɿ
ȻⰬǬ
һ°嫺ȻסڽнôоǸЩϤ
ŶѨǽվȥֻһۣͿϤݣ΢΢ü
ǰسⰬǬķȥ
վ𿿽ⰬǬſոձ̧˳ɶ
̧ͷŲ֪ò˵Ϥĳ࣬΢΢죬ŵʣ
ɳĻæƲͷգһһۣɵʣûǴɣ
ⰬǬͽļ棬һǽߣһνߣĳࡣ
Ҳֻͽ𹫻ѹò
ⰬǬʶˣסǶ
Խʱֶһöҩ
ҩεظ࣬ʶסҩҩ΢΢ſżɻӡ
ⰬǬöҩޱֿ˻ȣЦҾ˵ҵ׼ɣй˾йˣǸϤˡ
ƳȻǰ¡
ԪⰬǬϣƾͰⰬǬٶµľͨ൱ⰬǬڵҩ
ӣɻ󣺡ռᲷģôԼ㵽ˣ
ⰬǬ֣ɵЦΪһ··
Ȼ
ⰬǬⶾĶԱؼ̶ľҲ˹΢΢˹⣬Ҫ˵
ƫͷһۡ
ͼ˵̺죬Ͱ͵
˾䣺ѵءʦΪʲôץһأ

һʦסˡ
ǡȣȡ
Ƭ̣ؼпڣû˵һſھͱĸɬǺܡ
ⰬǬͬеļ򣬸пж𣬺𣿡
Ŀ¶𾪵ضסѵʣģȼ
棺ԪӤס
˱ۣϲ󱯴󾪺ʹסɤӡ
ıĥ
л˵



74 صĴ
ӷѾ˹, һʦв
ͬʱѾʼؼҵ˽ⶾؼ̶ӵڶ, Ҳͦ򵥡
Ƭ̣ؼ̶ӵ˾Ѿָж
Ѩ߱ץ˶ѾȣһȻٿһĲ֪ǲǡ롹졣
, ½ص̶, ҲûһЩ䲻ļ塣ĬƬ̺΢΢,ܸо롹ֺϤ
Ťò֣һƮģ
˼ȥ, 벻
ⰬǬһżιǵֱңþǡ
ⰬǬĻɣһ߶Ѩߡ
ӷ˲Ķ,
ûлͷ
ӷ˼תͷ, סⰬǬͽˣ
Ŷ
ⰬǬָӣԼɾ, ӷЦʢһһ
˵ģ
ӷĬĬŲۡ
뵽һ, ǲ, ΪʵСڡס
Ǳɽһ⡣
ؼ̶һ˲ļ, ̻ᷴ侲, ֻǿŽ߹, ȻԼǰµҩ뿪
ҪصԱ߶Ѩʱһų׺ӵ˿ڵлл
飬峿ĹӰƳ
ȹ̵񶼷·һ˲
²죬סɫ뿪
һ߶Ѩ
вסģŶѨ
ӷ̫ѨСľʲô
ⰬǬһ˱ȥסӷͣضĺ䡣
ӷ
ⰬǬµͽĽ/ɣҿѻ졣
ӷ
ӷľôû
ôôûй棿
ⰬǬĳҸնģΪֱңѻ졣
ӷ
벻ף
߹ƳⰬǬһۣˣ·뿪
ⰬǬ̷֣Ȼʹ·
ͽ𹫻ḱ᳤ͽ˽ĵһˣⰬǬ˵·ʹ·˿ס
ӷ̽·Ķüëš黨
յ࣬Сֹ˭
Ǹ롹֣ĵػأⰬǬ㲻ʶ
ⰬǬͽ˽֪ȣӷӦòİŶԡ
ȴձţӷ͵סź롢ԨҲ͵ɴۣһ𾪡
ôˡͷǣЩãȻ
ӷ죬ȻɥذԼ°ͺϣ˿û£ֻһ¡

ӷ˵꣺ңǶɽǿߣҶš
롢Ԩìҥͷ뻮һѵ
ⶼʲôʲô
һĬĬǵĶԻЦһͣ⸱᳤ͽеţΪܴﵽһλͽ˵ĸ߶ȡ
ֻǰǫЩǰǸȸûУͽ˼Ϊ񡣡
գգۣɵɨⰬǬıӰЩš
ҥĬĬһ䣺⸱᳤ʣٷ֮٣жȷʣٷ֮٣ԷΧ֮㡢ǿ֮һ
ĵͷ
һĴָ
Ϊͽ𹫻ƵһԱ˵дԣǿȵġ
ĬĬѻ˻ȥ
治ܹϾͷⰬǬ˻ûüⰬǬʵ
òϣⰬǬǿ
ټɽֻһڣӶѨߵѨ⣬ϸСıˮ档ˮȥˮпһ˿ӰëȻ
ȻЩطһЩСϸڶ˵ͻǡ˪ע
ⰬǬȴߵ÷ɿ죬ÿʮͣжϷλȻָӽǰ
ϵʱ򣬻ͷһһѨġ롹̻Ҳվߡ
ǵĲġԪƵʶһ¡
˼룬ǡɾײλˡ
飬ʱһͷº͵ؿڣСѣ
˶٣ʶʵش𣺡
̧ס룬䵽ϣ͸Զһλϵĳʥߣ
һۣȻɨȺжزѰ˵Ķ飬ջߣ뿪Ĵ󲿶ӡ
ⰬǬٶȼ죬뿪ɽվڶڻ棬ٵȺ˿ˣӿٶȡ
ԣڶе˶ӿٶȡ
ЩԪߣգۼͳ˶Ѩȫشȥ
ٻͷʱȺѾʧˣӰ٣Ǹֵģ
һ˲
ߵߣȺˣǱץġ
ǣҲ־ܡΪʲô
֪ԭ򡣡ⰬǬƴλˣҲһͽˣҸܵʲôܸܵʲôֻ಻١
ؾһ˲
͵صɴ۾һĻǡ롹״غˡ
ǧµĳ/ǹӧ״
ʾһۣ⣬˼ⰬǬ
ⰬǬЦŽһߴ·ˣһʣˣ
һĴ壬ۼҡҩһλʦйǧ£ŮԣʮԪӤһסó/ǹǹͷ׹һӧֻʹõʱƳһۣӧչģǸֵġ롹һ
ǧ¡
һ˲ͷ˵ʱֵʱһݿ£ǧ¾һ
Ԫۼ𣿡ⰬǬ˫ֻأ̵صͷǹۼңҲ֡ۼԶԪļڲĵҲһָͽˣЩ֮ĵˡ
Ѿ뿪ɽڸ򣬿ʼɭܡ
ס⣬ϸΪ⽥ɢȥ
侲˵Ҳ˽Ĵ壬Ҳûȥۼҡ
ڴ֮ǰҲֻڵԳưĹ߶֪ţಢ
ⰬǬȻףڸ·ģҸ㽲ɡ
Ĵ壬ۼң¼ңԪۼңңĸ
𣺡ۼҡ
ӷ䣬һ
ۼҰⰬǬſڵղ˵ˣۼΪҪôߣҪô׼ȷʼߵͽˡǳûʲô˵ģҪһĻۼߵ̵ͦġ
Ȳ֪˲Ϊʲô
ⰬǬ˫һ̯֪ۼһǶʮʱߴ½ƽʮʧˣӰ١ȷǷһǵĶҲ󡣡
뵽ǧ£ٻζⰬǬǡ̡֣΢΢ü
ʣ¼أ
ⰬǬ
Ծؿڣ¼ؼҵֱϵѪؼ˵Ľʦʱͻع¼ңΪЧ
¼ʵǴ½ʦľסأûϵûжȫһλʦԶѡ峤ƽʱؼҪʱ½ά½򡣡
˵壬ʵʦԴһ仰ܽᡣ
ӷʵʦأ
Ϊһ˽Уӷ˾Ѿܸߴˡ
ش𣺡ʦľۼء
ˣ
õģһѪ
˼Ƭ̣ʣأ
ⰬǬӹʣش֣֪

ⰬǬ̯֣һ޹ؽͣĲ֪֪һޡʥޣ˴ޡҲ֪ôŪôޣҲʡ
ͬصһͷǵģصϢΨңǲһûһܴǵϢ
һؼҲ⼸ʮ꿪ʼ伣ģǲ֮ǰܲ鵽һЩϢȫˣ෹İԶһԭм˶·ʧ䣬ʵҵʱȫһ֪ö֮ûȥˡ
ӷֹһ䣺ôذ
ԽŨܣ⽥ʧ֮Уر¶轵
񣬲֪뵽ʲôʶż⡣
عпյݸȥ¡
˶תʦһĻأҪʯȥ
ԣĬһ˲Цﲻϵ˷ˣϺ˽ȥٰƵھ͵һȻ˳λ
üģʵ
𣺡ؼϵӪأһԪӤ߽ףʮǿߣ˶ʦʵǿ󲿷ڡ
һµڻĶʯͿռĶҩȻһӣߣȥ
Ǵٵĺʱ䡣
л˵



75 ·
ҲؼҶʦ, ؼҸעɹԭϵʵԶؼҡ
ߵ಻ڣֻ, ҲϵӪʵһ롣
Ҳֻôˣٰؼ˵Ⱥֻʦ
ڽӪ֮ǰס, ؼ֧ϵ˹ռ, ԭΪΣؼ¼Ҷġ
̧
С, ִһҵĺøƣ, ոյĹۼңڵؼҺͳ¼ҡ
˵Ǿ̧ӣһö°ɫķ䵽ǰ
ⰬǬ˷ܵش,԰, ѹ׵Ķ˳
ƳһۣȻ򽭳ⶫҵıʥ, ޷תãݽ, ЩƷɫǩǹ, ɫǩǷ, עԪͿʹá
, ӵݸ,ãһһըŷ̻Ҳá
̻
ֱʣӷ˳Ĭ
һ飬ȻӹӣʶСţоǧء
룬ССٵСȱʲô𣿡
ɨҥ뵽ҥǰذף뵽һʵϵ͵ĵӡ
ܸ㶾𣿻
ʣ
һͷǿԸʵϵͻ߲ʹãȱʯĻҿṩ
ûʶ٣ֱӵͷӦ£һؼҺӼһֻϷѡ˵ؼĵҲӦñһˡ
лˣʦ򡣡
ӣЦǾţǼȥͺá
ͷҡͷؼҪˣҲܾô뿪ҪѰҾؼңʱԣҵˮ
ⰬǬѹĻ˵ҵģϴγ̫ûжˮҴһѣ㣡
ĬĬƿСɽⰬǬ˵ˮһתˡ
ؼ֮˺֪֮ȥϺȣ·
ȫҵؼ֧ϵפӪء
ؼ֧ϵϲҰƽԭӪУҲؼڵطҰƽԭĽ紦
̧һӣӷ˽ͣ£ӪΧ
ɣ
óӣ¡
ӷΪȤشչͷͷԪ̽У鿴ռڵ
һԣǲʱĳĬĬŲߣӪء
ǧɨһ鶼ûСʱûʱѡӷ˾ͽ˼Լϰ߽ӽ
»صС
ӷֵʣ㲻Ҫ𣿡
ҡһͷصС
䣬һͨ͸ŽɫУִĵ
ǰ嫻ָëë󣬽һʹɡ
ɵĽɫâеż;ޡ
嫇Nɪɵģɵ˰ɣ
Ҳϣֵмģˡ
ըëʲôмģվסҪúýɵ
εǱߵһƬ徲
ӷˣһ·Ӫطȥ
ӪزΪŰӰ죬ڳеҲ˲١һƬӪסˣαװͨ˵Ŀ纷ˣұ߾ؼ֧ϵ
֮ǰⰬǬָ·ȥҿ磬ֱңҿ磬оϲ
ⰬǬˣ˵˾Ǳߡ
ӷйǣҪȥӪⰬǬô׼ҲܾŰɡ
㲻ܻ⸱᳤ж˵жһжҿԸƱ
Բз˵ûпŶȡӷ˸ۡ
һǰյӷĶߣһĴϴⰬǬķṦΰ
ӷ䳤뷳ʤ
һЦһǱ˿Ӫء
ӪأԱϲɳʯӣƽû硣
ȴģľͷ׮ӺڵأӶѣ˵صڵϣǸһս㡣
һԵĴʯͷǿҥ𼸰ذǱӪأСèһĴܶ
ҥᰴסһѵľͷԽ񶥣￴
ƳһۣȻü˼һ
Ƭ̺Ծصߡ
ʣô
ҥɫŹ֣֣ˡ
ˣ
ҥˣȫˣûлˣӦڧɱ
ӷ
գһ۾⡪⸱᳤ţ
룺˵ˣ㻹ţ
ƲҥѼһ顣
ҥ˵ɰŵˣȫʧȥ˺ͷˡ
һ½˸ء֣һ˾ǽ֮ǰĿ纷˴磬ڡ
ҥ˸СӣҲ壬ȷϵϵˣͻȻ䷢ĶŹȻɱ
һĿĺˣٿһԱҲҪһѿռָؼˡ
һ˵ϵĹӿ
Ծ
һԸؼϵĿռָߣȻˡ
ʰָֻƬ̵飬ͷһۿӪأԽԽ
ڲǽ֦ʱٵؼҵĵ̿һۣȷҲһƬ״ɴ뿪Ӫء
·һ·ص
ٶԽԽ죬ӷЩϣں溰
͵ֹͣŲ˶
ӷæһߴһʣôˣ
Ծ
һ䣬ȻܴȦûоã·ԡ
л˵
ʮŻڸˣ


76 
ֹǽо˲ԡ
ǹɹ쵽ëȻĸоҲڻӷ˵ĺ󼹱
¿ˮ, оȻӴ붬һ㡣
Ÿ첲ɪɪôȻô䰡
ҥ˫ҴһۣȻѹüԱжڶǡ
ɱ, ܵߡ
ԣһٴĻɳл˸
ɳֵһɲǼ, ΧһƬڰ, ʮճ
ǿһĻĮǵȴһ̯ŵ󣬺˵Ƥ, ѹֵô
ʵĺڰУֻɻŬ΢Ĺâ, Ҳ˽ߵһĶֵء
Ӱ˸

ӷشһɫš
ʶͷܣһ֩˿ĲӶ˿Ϣ
ƫͷһԼ, ѾһƬ, кż
˿ͻ硣
ǡ
֩롣
ɫ, ̤أӷ˵ķȥ
ͬһʱ, ֩˿ӷɢ, һѰѲŻǵ, ɢ
ӷ
һ
ɫһΪ, 趯š˸, ӷ˵һϸܵĽ⻤ܣ಻٣պý֩˿ֵ
ڴʱ嫺س΢ٵҪӲӲ֩ϵĶ֣Ҷ޷⡣
ݺüţһλͶʯñ̵ͶΪһ㱣֡
ӷץסһᣬ㿪
սڽսߣӷ˶һۺì̧һӣץסҥƵԼֱֱƵսȦ֮⡣
ҥƵ⧲ŹˣɳɫİΧȦҧҧڱƳսȦǰеذȫ˳ȥ
䵽ߣӿӪغؼ֧ϵӪռĿռָȫȻٽݺơ
ƶ£ҥӦƳ˺ڰܲ
֩ΪĵطǾԺڰƿҥ뿪ƾʵҲ޷ٴν롣
ҥɳ޺޶ţֺް취ֻץŽָһ·ҵķȥ
Ҫȥľ˵Ϊһ
ҥ뿪ˣӳԪ֩˿ֱӱըһ˿Ϯذ׾ڱը֮⡣
ʮѵذ׽̻һըһʰ쵵ĻǣѺҹճһ˲硣
һ˲䣬ֻ˲һգ۵֩뱾壬ĸԴǶֻȡ
֮⣬ǷŽİɫǣԼڵİɫѡ
ϸȥ͸ģ滹֩䶯
ⳡ̫ģûסθз˲
ڱըĹֻά˲һ˲䣬ָֻ˺ڰ
ӷһ䣺Ҳǻ֩밡
΢΢ڻۼҴļء
װȫȫֶͷŵ֩
嫵Ҳոǵ֩˿֩룬ɵʱԸֶܵأоŶ߶״û
Ĭ󿪿ڵҲû
Ųһ£½Ѿ˲ֻ֪֮ǰδйص֣ʯʯ
ʱ䣬׷ʲô
ûʱýȥ˼߬סһڲ°Ŷʯȫλ
ӷȫڱս״ֳ̬ԪѾۼĸλؽ֡
һ˲
ڰ֮дһŵʹȻǸΪܲ֩˿֩뱻һıըŪŭˡ
ɫأ˵ԨѾȥ
˫Ŀþ
ԨȫԪ۾ϣںڰзһĿҫ۵İâ
һĻֻã㹻ڰҰ
䡪
նɫâһֽɫĹ̻еĺڰ
ӷԭŭԨ
Ԩشӿ¡
һþԨȫԪ
ڶģֻ֩⡣
Ҳôģ嵽Ԩ࣬һ߽ס̱ڵصԨһͷųеͶʯ
΢΢İɫâۼһںڰҲв׵Ĺ⡣
֩ٷһʹİͷ֩˿ٶȶ
ô˻ᣬӷϣѴͷ˷磬عοһһ֩˿
ͷ֩ʵԲѷڽڴԲ
ƽڴԲͻԪӤ࣬ˡ
ڳˣֻнһս֮ӷҧֻΪʤ㡣
ԨѾߣìΪУʰ͵Ϯ֩˿ͷ󣬵ȴƫľϵԪߡ
ӵǣ˿ӲӲΪɨ·
뼸˷ԪһƬϢĻᣬٴԪiͶɴ
ɫͶâͣԨĨâþ棬ֱֱس֩ȥ
֩ǻںڰĶâʱʹڵأЩ䶯ĳѵǿʼ漴͵һ֧֧ϸС֩롣
Щǻ֩롣
һ˳֩࣬ڵѪӦҲƫڻ֩롣
֩ʲôԨʡ
𣺡ˮ
֩ıǻ棬ڶ䶯Ļ磬ֻѪһ֩룬˻֩ģ
ˮ
֩ɲẦ⡣
ǰֵ˶ĵĶǸʲôأ
ڳûƫˮϵԪߣһֿסͶƮķһĽָٷңҵһ״ȡ
񡭡
һܣѸٽʹ÷Ȼóȵŵ졣
֣ϸݵ̱ķѵģһѺۣһˮ
ˮ¶ȼͣӹʱһûнԼ͵¶ͷ֩롣
ֱӱһƶˮ
͵ˮ֩ĻΧסϵĺɫۿɼЩҳźɫķ򲻶ϱ仯
֩ɫ仯ı仯󣬷ǵ䶯С֩ǶֹͣĶһֻֻ֩롣
ԡ
״ԲǱסж
ֹͣˮĹתΪͶصۡ
رѹɸСĹȦٵس֩ڷλȥ
ڴ֩ɫתΪɫһ˲䣬ͶѾ䵽˴֩ߡ
ͶŽԪֻǿ˴֩룬ܲ֩ڷЩ仯
Ͷ䵽֩һ˲䣬ɫͱ䣬һӦ룬̻ӳʣͶؽӷ˰þȫƳɫ硣

ӷ޷ܣͶԼٴڰҵڰ֮ɳϡ
һɳѾһأı죬ټͶĻ壬ӷûиܵһʹӭµĹ


ӷڵأһ˲ãȻǰ壬ͼٴλصƬڰ
ֹӷһ˿ʼ裬롢ìʧȥԨޱɳֻͷӬѰҲκټ
ƴҲҪͳ޷Ǵ־һ̵ñסһѪ
ʼʱӷֽҥͳսһ㡣
һĵڶϣ
ӷɳϣĬ˼˲Ȼ󻺻վһ

һһ䣬ҡ
ƴͳǾһҪƽصҡ
롢ìԨҧסأӵվȻӷҷȥ
޷֤ȫļߺ󣬽ڿУ̹˸¼޶Ĵһ
׵Сèһ
ܵˣ嫵ʡ
Ĭ
Сȩ̀צŪһԼĶ䣬Ǹɽ˪һͬǣǰֻһ֩Ѫӣ˪ǿѪӣҲڻǡߡܡ¹дƫˮϵԪصĸ塣
ſ˵ƶô˵ԲѪȻ˹ֲ
ҡҡͷΪһǾⲻǳģǾˡ
ᣬɴһӣɫĶżǰ塣
ڶżӴɫǵһ˲䣬˯Ĵ֩ѡ
ֻһ˸߶ȵ۾ſƤ治ͫףԾĵĻ档
֪֩ϵʥޣȼԪӤס
ɺںǰֻһԾ˽Ľס
ŻѰͷ½ԪӤڴ
Ҫӷͳȥԭ
ĿǰǽҲͰ嫼ûȫȻʤ㡣
ѵĴ֩룬һ
һ԰Ϊɡ
߬ɣӦ
ԨµĹâʼ΢ֱʧ
ޱߺڰĵ̹⻹˸⣬˫ۿŻ磬Σն졣
л˵
С׻ͽȣٷ֮ʮ



77 ׻Σ
Σսһ
ͶȺ֩, ֩ͷһĽϸһ, ֱꡣ
ֱε˫ƶһϣݺڴ֩ϡ
Ͷû״ӴǺɢ˼, ɢȿֺ֩ꡣ
ץסյ, һ/ҹķС
ԪΪΪԡ
ԪҪ֩壬Ͷĺ, һͶ۳ذ׵״öڶԵĻ, ټһݹ
֩һʱ죬Ȼ۳͵Ķ˸š
壬ǴĶʴ״δܣһ߹, һɢ, Ԫļӳء
һ嶾ֻһ, Ҳ㹻Է籩֮ƽ˵ڲݻٵһɶ
֩ʹغУ䶯С֩ĸ׵İ, һеǰ塣
˳֩ǰ, ȹâķ, Ѹࡣ
ֿƶ, ֻ, ߵӰ
֩ϮһݣߵӰɿ趯๹ܲ͸ķ
С֩뱻ӰҪ״ݻ֩룬Ҫϲ֪ٵͶԪ
֩빻𣬽סˡ
СèվļϣȥҶߣҸ᳷ˡ
һ㻹Ԫ𣿡
嫻صУãһ㰲ȫشȥ
΢΢ͷһɳʧȡ֮ࡢâ
ͶŶ߶Ƕ
ٴһá
嫾֪Ҫʲôˡ
ǳǳһŵ㣬һѳء
ЦЦһкܶûأŲ
һ仰˵꣬Ԫر͵ѹһգۼͱɫâĶع
εĶѹ˳ýЩ죬ȻһƣټĶع򻺻գ֮Ԩ֮ǰǵջҪҫۡ
⣬ΣյϢ
ɫ֩뻺壬ͷ­ĴҡΣΧѲߣԼΣյ
ٿŹסһȻ󻺻ˣһһڰıԵŲȥ
ɫ֩ĿģӣڵĿ
ˡ
֩ǰĶԽԽ죬ͷϵĴҲڲҡΣʮйɵɶ
Сè۾Ǵ룬ǲڴϢ
ɫδ䣬Сˡ
Ҫӡ֤˵Ļһ㣬һ˲һХԺڰһഫ춯ذ㣬͸˿ֱｭࡣ
ֱĿˣ䣬ԭȵƤٴһ˪
ʱɽеһģһ
Ǹصġ˪
΢΢ɫ˲Ͽƹֱӱסתȥ
̶֩ؼţӿеٶȣ֪Уϡա˷ѾϸС֩룬һЩ͸üɼ֩˿
֩˿˼У޿ӣҲ
ԽѵĴɴ߶ɫ򣬽ֶػûǧ˿֩˿ӲӲ
·вϵڿռбðᣬԪҸ㴫һ㣿
ڴ
ѹɫغٴ߻ͽйһ׵飬һڵԪͺ˴롣
áҧ㶯ԪǾûȥϣˡ
嫳Ĭ
šŰɫèβͣŽһһեԼԪ
ɫĹâǰ֩˿ԶҲˣͣĽ˿ûûˡ
ԽƳ͸ԽԽǿ·ߡ
ݺݺһ£ȻȥɫâٴѹͷСѹȭͷС
üҪʲô
ƽ
һ䣬ȭͷСĹâܾͳۿɼŤƣκС
顪
â΢Ȼķѵɢ䡣
ǰѾ֩ȴ˿һȻɢգۼɢӰ١
һΣûס
æͽסһ߾ֵصɴۣʲôʱ˿ռ֮
ôܰѿռ֮õ־׼ĳ̶ȣĸԪӤô죿
֪ʹãǾˡƽ·ѹռٽбըֲһ㡣
˵һҪΡ
嫻ͺٶȼ죬ֱҧס죬ٳһڹ֩˿·
һвڼ֮䣬嫲ҵһ·񱼣һ˲ͳ˺ڰŽһɳϡ
Ĵ̼
嫻˻˵ȴûõӦ
ͷһѾԴ˯ȥ
һ£ǰԪˡ
ѽ˦Լĺ󱳣֫չһ㻮գԶȥ
ֻܵΣвûɢȥ
һԼëëϵ˪Ĳɢ
ܿ죬ǵڰٴ쳹ա
˫˶Ľɫͫ˸һ£ɢ⡣
йսļ̲˰嫵ͼ
ƿڴ嫣ôҪˣ
Ϊûʵޣ嫿ǩԼΨܶñԴ֮
ʼڽĿݳͷʱΪչ˻ԵĽ嫾ԶԴ֮Ȼ󱻶˸
ʱֻʱʹûûɢûͶƿڴȻֱɢԴֻ֮Ϊӿǰٶȣ֤Ӱ졣
ţˣ嫣ס֣ôɢ
ûǣֻżӿٶȣһ㣬ٿһ㡣
Դ˪Ӵ߻ʶбֱںж֪޾
׻ܵ⣬ѾԡԪݽߵĽ
嫹˲飬һһҪɽС
ȫġŻصҡ
ֻٶٿ죬վһʧȥʵӰǵХ֮Ƭ̾׷˱ܵĽ׻
嫻ͫеĹâ˸ԽƵ
ް׻־ܡ
󷽻
ͫ˸Ľһ٣Ȼٴδʢ
·½嫵Ž󲱣ѾܸܵסѪҺ
æѽŵԼϣúʵë˹ͼָһ¶ȡ
ǰ塣
ǵвѪֻͬ㣬ȻɱԼߡޱԴ֮ɢԼҲᰲȻֿҽ̣ع硣
ĴﹷΣ
嫴ͬѪϵĸϵѪҲˣҲ˼˵Ǳүͬ壿
ܵ¶ٴ轵ǡ˪ŭ
ƲԳԷƣһȥɡ
Ѿ㹻ĿȻ
嫵͵üŵԭʵɳ̱˱飬ëëһһŵģ粽С
̧֫ҵأѱסıëëҳ飬ٴǰ塣
һ赲ǰٶȾ˪İΧȦС
һֻ͸ɫâԲһ̴ָİ͸Ʈ˹
Ѿܲˣ÷˱ȩ̈ͷǡ˪
ѪͬڣԲĶЦģ˵ԼѪ
˪ôֱ͸ɫ۾гһ죬΢͸ɫƾ͸ˡ
嫷ȴڲźۼĴ̽顣
˪㣬ȥ
ɱɳӶʱڿն𣬱һ͵ı嫡
趯ܲ͸磬ֱֱ嫿
嫱޿ɱܣƵƺ߳
ɫϻ˲Ѫ͸ëɺ԰졣
ԶһͷӰջеˮڷ˸
֧ԮرסԼߵ
л˵



78 Ͱ嫵ıԼʧˣ
м, ֻ˻ϵĽӲĹʱ, һ˿İɫ
˪Բ۾Ц˵Ǵ½Ψһܳ࣬ϧ˽, ͷ, ꡢɡǡɢ֡
֧ӣϸݵ֫䶯һЦ档
ѾѪ, ǰһƬ졣
Ұģˣж, ˪
ϣҪɱмʳ𣿡嫻ƽȣ֪޼½Ψһܹ, ֻҴ˴½, зĻᡣ
˵ţƾԽ˪ķ, ЦЦܽ᣺ԣҪһ, ɱ, ȻĿԡ
˪ǰĸO@͵ͣס
ɫ̬Ź, ǳɵ˼
׻÷·վڵǰ, վ, ޷ٻָıԴ֮ӿ
ܲ౻˪ռϡԪʼ
У볹ըˣŭб֪ĳ
һӰ֣΢΢ĺڰйǳĺڱߡ
ɳƣ֮أ
뱩ףģɢŵĶ
룬侲Ű嫵ѡ񡣡ҡͷֽ̧ɫĶñժ£¶һƬɫĻâ
ԣЦ漴޺ް֣쳤ХһĻںڰҫ𻮹
ɫĻâеĺڰ⣬Űȡ
׵ıԴ֮ϷڡըԪǣͣһɫ
˪ֻԭؾһ˲䣬ع;ֵķ֣Ƭ˪˲гĶ
һɫġΣϢù⽣ڿնĸڿУ˪ëȻ
ѩصɢȥ½ڽһ±ɳĮ
˪ɴۣǰһƶС۾żѲӣŭ߳ô£ʲô
Ѿʼ裬ͷ򦣬Ŭһ
ɫĹ⽣˸Ƶʲϼӿ죬һֻֻө棬ֹЮŨв
˪ǰһ
Ȼ֮䣬й⽣뱬ΧеԪС
嫵ͳɢɵʽ׹޼䡣
׹޼䣬ѹռ䣬нꡣ
˪æȴѾоУӴе˲ͱķѣشＸֵҺĲҽй
ɫ⽣ը󣬾޴İ׻һΣǰ֫ȹڵأڱϵĽ˳Ź»
嫼ʧȥ˼ȴʶǰһˣȽסȻĵվӣһǳһŵǰߡ
˶İɫͱѪ죬ÿŲһ£Ѫµɳ͸ѳѪ˿
ȵϣ𽥴͸׻壬ڵݲ֮ϡ
ħͷ޴𽥱黯İ׻һ˫̵ͫ׵ͫ
ϵˮ˸洫͵͵ɤƳǣҵ𣿡
ħعüͷ΢ػظҵˣͷ׻ʵ壬黯͸ˡ
ˮͷĬһ˲Ȼ󻺻ڣȽɣ飬
䣬ˮ
ŬǰŲİ׻ڻû͸ģȻеϸСһ㻺ɢֱʧ˿֮УӰ١
׻ʧСıĽˤڵϣʡ¡
ħ£˲飬ֱóöԪƷʯŵϣ߶ʯٶȸԪ
öʯȫɷĩʧ󣬽ӻתѣļͣѹرըһĻ
壬̧̫ѨǰһƬѣΡ
ħǰ̵ͫ΢΢
̫Ѩ̧ͷǡײħ˫Ϥıͫѣζʱһɨգžӡ
ָʶħֻǵĺһۣȻֻ׻ñԴ֮ʧˡܰȻҰƽԭߣھݡ
˵仰ħһˮȻڿʧ
ԭأ·Ĵڿʼת
һļ糱ˮӿУ̫ѨŬʹ
˪ӳм䣬ۻؿȻ˪嫻͸ֱʧһĻ
͵ס࣬߹֣һһ鴤ʹ
Ͱ嫵ıԼǷǷϬʧˡ
Ͱ嫵ıԼʧˣ
ͣͣһ޷˵Ϣзӿסĺ޷
л˵
ŰŰŰ
С׻һγ־ˣ


79 ӴĹϵĽ
ĺ
һĵӰҴլ, ȻϢķ磬Ʈ䵽һƫƧСԺ
ԺɨĵӸеƤ, סײһײԱߵˣˣϽɨ, Ȼɨˡ
Բ˼̧ͷ, ȻʼˣӷҲˣҲ̫˰ɡ
СԺ, ˢۣĿǷſ, ѪɫĽ
൱ɫһ˲ʣôˣ鿴ȥ̫ԡ
Ӳ̧һͷƣ鷳ſ, Ҫ, һʱ䡣
˵󣬺֪ɿָ, ֱ۴䡣
ǡ
ſϣС, ѷ˳Сѿ, 顣
Ŀɨ綹һż, һҡҡ׹Ľ, Щǡ
ֻһ, Ȼߵ䡣
Լʱ䣬֮ڣһĵҩµƣȻȥҰ嫡
ǱԼһǩЧ
嫴ʧҪİһ
¯ǰһȻӳ߻
͡
ָ仺Ծܲ¶Խȡ
޳ָһ߻뵤¯ʼȼա
һ۴ȫȼ״̬𽥱׵ĳ߻һ٣żֲ졣
˲Ȼ
ڶεĴ߶ʹ£߻Ҳˡ
ڼͻʥĳ߻ּӳ£ȫͶУרעٶȡɵ֮ǰʮֹ
ҩһ¯¯Աߵҩϡ
䣬תһһ/ҹʧ

ۿһ̫ƶ̽ͷ಻ŲӣȻȻͣ¡
š
ŶŲӣһš
ü뵽˽Ĺֻ֮èǲһֱûг֣
ֻܱɰ׻뽭ǱԼİèƽڴſϢδӽȴһֱû
ԣŶ˻ͣס
֧ӣ̽ͷȥͫ𣬴żӡ
úŷ£ϵԪʧˡ
ɴۣ㵲ѣԼȡ
Ŷ߰ڰͷȻУһԼһˣӦ꣬Լĺۼ
ԣ£ţ˼ǣֻ׻ʧˣ
Ŷ߳ĬţûзҲûȷ
ⲽĽ࿪ʼ쵽ҡ
ֱԺ⴫һæĽŲٿȻԼľ뵣ǡ
ľĴɤը࣬𣿿м㣡
ӭȥţĿľæŵһͷ
ôˣʵ
ľҿһۣȻü֪ħΧˣӷǱͳΧȦոջš
˵ʹһұһңҵȥ纷
ԭأգһۣȫġ
ࣿľ񰡣
˵෿Сž֨͡߹һ
ľ壬û¡
ƣ
Ϥľʶ̽ͷȥŴ컹ûϣԼͷҧˡ

ľһûּسݣץŽػصĿû°ɣʲôʱģôǱƽҶ챻ӷˣ
ǿǣ𴽣Цһ£Щ±סǸǵˡ
ƽͺƽͺãļ̌Ľļ򣬹ͭɳﷺһ£жӷֱȫǺˮ
û˳ľĶ˻Ρ
סľľ壬Ҫչأʱ䲻̫ȷҴȵʱһûȥͽ𹫻ⰬǬæ
ⰬǬǿɲ̫롣
ľգһۣε⸱᳤Ϊĸȫ飬ʯҪġ
ҡͷ
ָ΢öͬʽĽָС
ľ˳ĶȥǶѻ̿
Ǹʶģһ۾ܿЩǸƷʯֵ޷ơ
һöһö𣬽ľ
öָͽ𹫻᳤ʱ򽻸ⰬǬ㡣
ľ
˵ۣסﷺâĴָ
ãöɫһ˵飬ȥǷһ顣
ľ鿪ʼ͡
ͷһɫ壬ľ̻ⰬֵǸռ䡣мֻŶСӣҲԼߣʱҽⰬ֣һṩ֧֡
ľһ£ǣ㡪
ֽһɫĵС«ǵҩʱֵƵĵҩȥͻ᳤
ľ
ĵġսս
û꣬°ɫӷŵľУ˵ȥװнǧӸұܡҹʱû취뿪ԵĻ鷳ӻ
ľأͷ˺
Цһ㵽׽ύ˶ѣ
ͷû˵
һöɫġ졹ֱ壬˼һ˲
˵ûš½һʱɵ飬ײҪΪá
һö壬ľڿԳĺ
оԼѾͷۻСһЩ뻳С
ԣ
ըͷƤľڻع򽭳üҪʲô
һ´Ҫչأʱ䲻ڲ
ľʣȫأ
ĬƬ̣ڵ
ľ
ࣺ
͵ľŶߣ
ľѸٽһŻصϣڽ£ҲܴӦ
̧ͷľӡ
û˵ʲô˫º͵ȴžͰɫ
ľһ졣
Ѿ˵ˣЩ͸һܻŻȻû
˵סľֱۣ෽Сơ
ľ˲䱻Ŀĵҩƿϸ¹ҩЧˡ
Ѿת뿪СԺһ·
ӳһ/ҹڲŸոתѡ
СԺһƬ֦ͷҶ
ӳдһȻ󿰿죬ϲˣô˰ɡ
ֻǵһͷȻ첽䡣
ӳŪ΢΢ɻסȻ̧ϣͼߵСߣŴϲŵˣûж
ôˣ
ӳߵ࣬ü̫ԡ
ºͷϢҵõһֹԾǣʱ䲻ֻܳһΡ
ʱ䲻ӳץסؼۣҪȥ뿪𣿡
ҡͷ£֪ʲôʱܻʱˣæ
һԵСϡ
ӳɲⲽŽûбĲɼѪ˿´Ƭɫ
򴽣û׷ʣ˽ߣԸ
ϴṬõһڶʯɵķõһ˫ĿȻķ
һԨʯһûü
·ϣԪ鱾￴һţ˲ķҪ
ܼ򵥵ԭ
ʯʱҪڷӦһ顣
̹˶ضԣԪϰ߶صĴڣӶ붾ع棬ؾͳԪһ֡
ҪڵĶʯĶʯҪڵĶѹĶأȻ綾ڣڶصİԪĹɹ̡
֮Ƕʯһּ򵥱ݷ
Ԫ̽ڣǰС
ӳһ԰æսҪ󣬲ʱι¼öҩ
֪˶ãɲӣӳľʼƣ
ӳ̧ͷһۻ׹/̫ٻͷ򽭳üͷ塣
ľ໹ԵѾſվá
ӳǺѯʵɫҡһͷ
л˵
ȥС׻ߣӣ



80 ᣬȰ׻
µ, ˭֪ʲôѹƽĽΪ
ľ̲ס, һȭѹ
ҿһۣ뵽˾Ŷ߶ֻèжϺһֱ, һ仰Ҳ˵, ְֻܱ
ټԺӣ˻վУ佭Ķ, ֱĺҹ졣
ʱ伴賿ʱ, ۣ۵ѾѪ˿ͨ͡
΢΢ҡһͷԼָ
ӳʶַסüͷ,ôҪǿ, ǻʱ䡣
һӳֱ, ˻ţ, ĶʯѾʧ, Ҫ
ӳüͷȴø, üѹ
һҹĹ, ڽһڵĶʯ, ŲӲ壬һԵ£ԪѾʼ
ӳ޿̣óһѸıǰȥ
Ǽ΢ͫ׻תһգգעŴϵ£ңҪץʱơ
һ˵һԪ
ӳҧͬʱѸ̧ӻӿȥл˯Ѩ
ս֩ʱͺľԪŭȫٸϻҡ
漴ǳ˽һһ/ҹٵһĶʯɡ
ڵԪɺԵתʹֱܵ½󾱸еʹʱŷӳ͵Ϯ
ʶ𽥻磬һȥ
ӳæסȻԺкסȻϾˣ
ľ̶/ĿҶ߿ţӳнӹˡ
ࡢԵĿɿڴȻǰ֣ѽϡ
ӳóö˯ɷ˵ظι£һҩҩЧĵֿǿ⼸öƾ͹һʱѹ˯һʱȻԼȱˡ
죬ֹֹġ
ءӳһҲܿԼڡ
ľקһšѽڴϣȻ֣ԣͲˡ
ȭףһ¡
û˿ϻ˯˽ë
ŹƤ͸Ѫɫǣǣ۽Ƿᡣ
ڴϣǿľ͸ɺԵľڻָŸϢʱ䡣
ûֹۣͣѹեǿתĴԣǳߡ
ϵ˵ĺƳӳ˿ľʹ˸ɫȻŵ˳䣬ý˯һ

ֻǰʱϢһۡ
ľԺУûн
ƣ鶾ʯԱʱ֮󣬴ʧ
ӳѹʱƿţſһ˵ķ䣬ǳǳ̾
ľںʣ𣿡
ӳ𣺡ˣס
ľһͷתߣססɣûġ

ӳʧһ˲С
㸻ûʵװΣʲôûңֱǼзӡӡǵĵع㡣
ת¥ݶ¡
һ𣺡ʲô
͸Ļ⻺ۣһƬƬȸ
ǿƻİΧ£һһӲȥð嫳ʧ
Ĳһ١
תͷ̧̨֮ϵĻ룬ͬҪ
Цһƾ㣿࣬汻ӡǰ׻ޱ壬񣬶ֻǸˡ
΢ӣңҪôܰѰ嫾Ȼ
ҪôҪôǰһԾƽṬҪôҪô
Ŷ
Ӧһûʲôĵģתعķȥ
ıӰ׽Լɣ꣬زˣȥҲֻ·һ
δֻͣӦһ䣺һҪ飬ҪˣҲ
ܿ߹ת¥ݣʧڻ
ԭվãĿŽոʧĵطһδ
Ƭ̺ջߣ֪˭һ䣺/ͷ¿
䣬չһƬ⻺ʧ
һ㡣
ںڰУûժ¶ñһ˫ӻɨܡ
ЮŻȵĻһƬڰ
ϷɼĺΣлһƾɵĺ«򶾹岻΢΢ҡΡ
죬ֻʣôͻȻȾˣ
̧«࣬ϺθȴһƬ
ƣ͵͵Ц뵽Щ£պֱоƣͺˡ
ꡣ
ͰͬĴͬѡ񣬵ǵԼߣȴ˽Ȼ෴·
ڵĻ뱻꣬һӲٳ
嫻һ˵ǹδ
ϣСҲĽ
ЦЦţ۽ǺȻȥͷֹһھơ
һۣȲʲô
ܺűĥһƤĺ«ҵȥȥţ嫻ȥۼء
Ųߣǧǳת
ʵΪǸԴƽ
ãЦһ£ôҽ̳ܸ࣬Ҷš
û˵
ϵ˽죬ӽһǾͲԼͬΪƶ˽ƻ
ˣܾȰ׻ˣ˽Ҳֻн
һھƣȻһƺ«͵ʧ
ԭأһƬڰԶ
˫У֪һƬǺӿʼת
Ṭ
ѾڴϷķӡƻ˸Ǵߴ˴š
Ṭ㣬ķӡ
ˡް׻Ӱ
վſڴϸһԼеƣȻһǰӡſ
𡪡
һХ쳹ء
˶İ׻Ӱڼ䣬ϣǿ
˫вһһ¿ֱϡ
ߣ
л˵
ԤմһС棺ŵġ𰲡ղѽ
1
ӣ޳գȴƫƫܻʵ۳谮˼ޡ
øʲϲԼĸҲǡ
֪ܶڱɵӣҲֺ֪͵ܵǶ
һĶֵأճɵɵػš
ֱʵּóӽӵİ
ڻȻ
2
ӽŸ߰˶ڣȴλӰ
˸ӣİ;ͻˡ
Ӽקס½ǣҭҭ˵ҲҪҵҪ㵱
ĮĺݵĽȴ
ָ̧ȥӵᣬغ壬ûµģңòã
3
һӡ
ôӼ죬вӵܣԸһ֮౨˳ȴŪļϵˡ
˼ģҲĳ
˻ᵲס׵ıӣŴŴвҵİ۸
ֱ˶ᰲرס֡
ˣʹҲֻһطԼļϵС
һۣصʮꡣ
СŴ׸յǰػӣԵǾͲʹ
㶵ſ죬˱ʹȴֲϵһĨ
ۿᣬļȵۡ
Ūʮ
Ļˡ


81 ԲҪӰ嫻ؼ
׻ĺԴԪ, ʱס䣻
񻯺İ׻ǿ׶
ֻͷһۣ͸о, ڷ·ڲ
ǱԪı֡
׻ӰнʮһƬء
׻󣬾ǽһο͸ף޳ɫƽ͵, Ȼ˯
ǰͷ׻Ӱŵ·, ǰ͸׵Ψһ;
һ·ľ룬ԼĪ׻Ӱݵڼ, Իһ¾ܰռĿȡ
Ҫ뻽ˮˣŰ׻Ӱ߹ȥ
Ű׻, һΣȻŲǰһ
̤عʱ׻ӰԶѣ߲
ǽִعǰ, 봫Ľܡ
Ҫӡ֤仰һ, ԭڰ׻ϵ˲䱻÷飬һطĩ
ɲǼ, ׻Ȼ˻ų, , ¶˵Ѫڡ
վǰ, һֻС, ת۾ͱӰȫȻס
, 
׻Ӱֻôһ仰Ȼצ򽭳
ٺ󳷣ѹµĴצӰ㿪Ӵһ
ͲΪ޴ʱΨһпľٶȡ
ûɣóʥƷ˰嫸ȡ֮Ǽٶȡ
𳤽侲ͷ׻һһ
׻ڱĴצ裬֮ϯһ㣬˾޴ķˡ
һκ󳷶㿪׻һצգצҵϣһӣŵذľķѡ
׻ӴֻҪԻܼվһĿռ䣬Խʮֲ
ԵģӴʹж㡣
ټ׻жٶȺͻȣס׻Ӱ˲䣬һԾ׻ļϡ
𡪡
С߿壬൱ڱռ
׻Ӱŭɶݺ˦壬Ԫޱȼѹڼ֮
صѹɽһ£ѹýǻУ
ѹѸٵλѰһŵ
̶̵һ˲䣬͸˲طǵֿѹͺһԪ
һѰһطԷתŸֹ
׻ӰʥƷӳֻܼӿ콭ٶȣ޷ܰ׻Ӱ
㵽׻λ
׻תѪ۾סȻͺһۼԪ򽭳
ϢһȻ󿰿ԪϮڱģȥɣ
ţͻȻϰֱ׻۾ȥ
׻ӰѪէ֣͵һ⣬ٶȿ쵽ͬĲӰ
ֹֻüܿ⼸Ҫλ
ˢ
ɫӰ͸ļ򣬽һѪ
ƺһȻü
ٿһԼļ򣬼ϸС˿Ѿ裬ûѪҺ渲һ˪
˪ûʧŽѪҺţ̼ͽһȭͷСı顣
˿쳣ڳ󣬽ϵͶͶ˿࣬غǲ˪п⡣
Ͷ󣬽ڵԪٴһأʣѾٵֿӡ
һ֮ǳǧĹܼ֩˿һϢ
Цź󳷡
Ͱʶôãôãôûְ嫻һأ
׻ڹ˸ǿȵĹ£ֶܶ˺ۡ
ÿһ˺۵£Ϊ帲һ˪Ͷķġ
Ŭάսƽ⣬ֱ׻ӰѾûߣŵԴ/Ϣһ˲
һй󣬰׻Ӱƽ˺¡
ڴ/Ϣڷת
ڣƽİ׻һ
ССһطĹܵ԰׻
ԪŤ롣
ռ
ǿռ
ʶס
ֻоԼ಼ΣտֲϢֻҪ΢һͻᱻһռųȥĹ졣
ܲԪҲȻǱ˲ٿأһһ㱻뽭
Ԫ׳֮ǰֱӣٻܣȻ䵽׻Ӱϡ
׻ӰѪɫ˫ڷ˸Ǳ꼴ǰ磬һһ£ͣ
ߣ
׻Ӱһظ仰Ȼŭһոմʧĺߴ˷Ϯ
ǧʤѪء
Ļ󣬵عҡضվȣֻоضҡΡ
߹ЮΣյϢʶ󳷣ܿһҲֻǱܿһ
һ˲һƲް㣬߳״Ƶ壬֧顣
ߴ̴˽ĺѪĽڿըÿһÿһֿȾѪҺϢ
ʹ絽˺ߣȴһ仰Ҳ
Ű׻Ӱ壬ߵͺ𣺡ߣ
Ӳߴ͸壬ڿͣټ˲Ȼ󻯳ˮʧ
ʧȥ˺ʹ֧ź󣬽ȻأѪҺĽڵϿһһұĻ䡣
ڵأǰһƬѪ죬źϣȴ˵һ仰ʹϮڲԾĲ
ɢѪڽ˰׻Ӱϡ
İ׻һͣõıᶯһ¡
ŲѪӣ󶨸ڽϡ
ڵѪʧȥ࣬ɻһͷȻ쳤ͷȥ͸ӰȥǳѪҺ
ģϤϢ
׻ӰеɢЩнɫ֡
£ǰ֫Сض쳤ͷڵ޵ķȥ
ڵء
˪ʴ֫һ籡顣
ܵԼڵѪҺʧܹѪҺһأȻ󱻱˪ʴɱ
ʹ˪ǣֱ֫ľʧȥ֪
ʱ˿ֻ̣һ˫۾ʹá
Ŭת飬ŲԼİ׻ϡ
㡪
죬ͷѪҺǺʹü
ۣסʹգĿŰ׻峺ƽ
׻ӰͷñǼ⹰һ£ȴļ
ѪأѪҺԪڿлɢð׻ӰͷʶϵҪ
໣
׻쳤ͷٴδʲôûȻһͷգգ
ţӲĴ΢Цһ¡
׻ӰѾƽˣգ۾أ
˱ۣǱõͶʼת
Ǹ
ҪӰ嫻ؼҡ
Żָƽİ׻Ӱ׵ƽǸ⡣
һ˲Ͷɢڽεı˪ƲɵԪӽڱ
ǿĶغԪϵѹѹڰ׻ӰϣƵʹһ֧֮֫ˡ
̡ɫعѾ󣬿ʼŤϡ
׻ӰתŭضŽ໵ŭ
ɫع͵رѣϯģɡ
׻ӰҪ뿪ȴѾ
ʹ຿Уǿ±ɵâʧ
ţ˰׻ʧȫ̡
عǰ˵Ļһθ֣ѪѪܻļǣԽԽãԽԽĿҲԽ󡣡
ۣ߰׻ʹ˻𽥼Сֱָƽ
ʧ
׻ӰҲʧˡ
Ӱ֣Ű׻ӰڿеĵâһۼѪϪһԪӲĽ
Цһ֪ڸ˭˵Ӯˡ
л˵
һС׻ؼҡ



82 ׻ع飬С
һ, ൱ԼԪӳֵĿռ֮˽Ϊİ׻
׻һ걻𣬶ڵľҲ飬ܾˡ
ǰȥ, ͳһѵҩҵϣƳһۣιûԼԡ
ڵϱۣëһ, Ӧ
ƲƲ, ʩ˸õҩڻȻƹ͸˯ȥ
˵, ʵۡ
˼ʮ꣬òһû, Ǹղڵģ
һǳġ˸ҫŽâ
ü\üббС֮һ룬ǳǡô
߱촽, , һѳδڽ֮е
źþûϤףָһñ, Цèôô󡣡
߶, ǾΥĹط, ˵ϸ
ЦЦĪʼ, ݺݳһ, ȻĨһ, ֽ̧ڿеâۼһССĹ
򸡿գڿлתŲ֪Ʈڶâ
뾲ţȻƼвٹâǴӽϸ
âǰ׻ƬƮô㣬˵׻ҲҪڽߣƬԸ뿪֮ϲߡ
߶˶٣Ȼתͷ꣬ɫŹ֣ѾҲҪ˼ңѪ
Լ֣һԪֻԼԼһӣһ廻һԪͻ档
һ־ǰ嫼ֵѪ
Ųһİްһӣ˵ʲôֻǩԪϧò׶ѪͷͱԼˡ
뵽ģҲ֪ǼʣΪԼ
û˴ţ׻ԶᣬҪ
׹ӽϸȻڿۣϡ
˸һĹâһɫ˿
ڱǰ˼븴˺һȻǷתÿдܡһĻ
ͦ
һӳ˸ӵعʧ
ټĵعУֻʣ±ڵ˫յĽ
µĵҩԪԶ뽭ڣָ̫أָǸʱ
ƬۼҲǼҪʱ顣
;˼Σڵ갲ȳᣬټھָ˴룬ֲܣ
ʱһһιȥ䣬ûʱĺУȥ˶ٸҹ
ֱڿеİ׹⻺ʧƣصۡ
һȵϢڽϣůůģЩʪ
ۣǰɵһƬɫ
˻н༯ſİɫë
һֻ˸ߵİɫϻڽǰͷʶһͷһ޵Цۡ
ס嫡
죬ѵطڡ

׻죬һɱϢȻյԣǵزš
ë׵İ׻ڶ߲˲ȥýϷԾ𴽡
ˡ˵ţ˻ţһ¾ͳʹ
˿ĸɬֱס׻ͷ˫ִëëĶϣʶһ£ԣ͵˵Ż
񻯰׻Ӱ˵ʱоʹ𣿡
ë׵ͷҡһ£Ȼգһ½ɫ۾ϴա
۵İɣ۵һë䣬ǸҲôݵġ
׻Դ佭գֺһϢ絽ϡ
һºʵëȩ̈ͷë׵ĴԴɻ˵ָԭʼ̬һ˱ܻҿαڱء
ɫĴ۾һȦŤԴ˵
Цһü嫣
ߡ
ϻһ
ڲǱԼû취йͨ׻˵˻ҲŪ˼
۵ۣա
ʣͼһĨ䵽תۻ欵ģ
˼ȻбƳֻϻЦèͣûҶ첻ǵ̵ģˡ
գһ۾ɵڻдèػΣ̣
׻ͷ󿴿ҿȻŤͷɻһۡ
ŲԲĽ۾Цбµңб»ͰɳڵСӣ
׻ĥһת롣
뱻˵⧲𱻻צӰء

Цõغ׻嫣𵷵
׻ֻǰצסļצӰһ»ëһת򽭳
Լصë޵ҧгݣèӣһӱͣ
ͲͲ
׻طһۣ
ںú棬֧һӵס˸ߵİ׻
ͷǵز𡪡
ִ̧Ŀ¶棺ھֻСޣ
֮ǰһһүèץġ
׻𡣡
ҿ
׻һ֧⣬Żۣ𣡺𣡡
˵áˡЦŶ
׻ײһ£᲻ɴſһȥ
һ߿ģû¾Ϣȥè꣬ʱ䳤󣬵ָǩԼ
è䣬̽ͷҪָã
ֻһ£꣬Ȱǡ
̧°ͣ갡嫣ҿĺ档תͷȥ׻䡣
׻˵˻пԣֻܺԶ
ಽԱߣ嫡
𣡣
׻ŬԱŲУκͲӣ
룺
һۣʧ
л˵
ȻûдεĿ㣬Ǿһֻë޴èɣٺ١



83 Ҷ鷳
ʱ, ת۾͹һ£Ҵȵʱֻʣܣ¶æµ, Ψһе֡
Ҷң겻ضڵһһ, Ҫ·һĴſڡ
ҳ, ʮ󡣺һһȣֱһһµһ, ࿴ᡣ
ӷſڣһ, סҴҶˣʱǻһۡ
ûжӵ˹ʱĵЩƮ
ҴլӷһһԺǰһ, ݵ, ʵЩɢ
ľԺǰ, õİ˸ߴʯ飬ӷһ, Ȼ̧һƳͷϡ
㿴, , ԣ
ӷǰһ, ˤ˸ſ
ľ壡ӷͷҧг,֪֪Դģ
ľһʯ飬бһۣģɵɵ𣿱ǷҪôҪôҺúÿš
ӷƲһ죬ϳ֪ˡ
ľߵСһ
Ա߾һӰһۣҲǵģаһӵľȫҴ
ĵӴҴҵͷҳһӦ˾Ժܡ
ľԱɨһȦֵǵı龡۵ס
ЩǵӷͽһԾĵӣǷɿؽλʼĽʵ
ֻ˲ãʧӰ٣ҲԼͬ
еӴҴ߹ִҴҷأľľ壬Ĳ𣿡
ľһש飬ȻǵУǳҪæԼȥ
ӱשѹһͰ͵ľԺߣӰգۼʧˡ
ĬĬתͷһԵӷ
ӷƲۣܾǽκιѯ
Ȼͷɥ뿪
ӷų޼֪Ƿѵ
˲ãľӽӴˣԣŸСľӣ°Ͱüߣűֺµ߶ţ죬·ֻз
зߣߡ
ӷǸˣߵǰʵ˸˲񣺡ӭ壬ʴݹһкָ̣
ǰֺƣٲǣ༸ôδܣ˵ȥ϶û⡣
ӷǣǣ촽䲻ȵȥŶôǵһķݶûλԳ´أ
˵ľǴĶȥ顣
˻ʧӷʲֱӰͱ˳ȥֵĴϵ˾֪
һ֣ˡ
ұҵͷÿķݶҲɹϽ˴ʯһԾͰˣһԼȥӡ
˸£
һֵ÷з
ңһԡ
ָֻ˻ȨͦһҪҸ
гɳһţﰵ˵ҹܲ£ȨҸġ
ľ״ͰѽصһĨʼ޲ң޵ͷˡ
οһѹҪľôޣǴ˹෹˵ϼҿ˿۷֧ݶ޹⡣
ľץһѹһȥϽķݶҪ˻ƵѪ֮ǰ˰ݣ͸һ
һٷǸͷȫµӷ۵֣ôһѣ˿ڶ
ھͱһٷҪ˵ļ֤£Ѷӷ
ǰ˵ĵùӷ˸ֽۣӹ˵࣬лл¹
屻ҭܣһҴҸ˶뿪ˡ
ӷıӰһ£תһԺӡ
ûͷ̤ŲӴҴܹһӷǸϰҥҥ鷳ڶһȺ˰ҥҥּˣ
ԣӷյɫһ䣬תܣһߺȥˣȹȥ
޺޶ţȻѵķ塣
ûעǽӰһĨӰ
̽ͷһ۾Υ⣬ȻЦһûо춼ɫ
ԣһС޲վš
С޿ȥԼĪ߰ģͷСһ죬ʮϲ졣
Ƿŭһ˫ɫĴ۾Բؿߣƭң
̺ĶҪڻˣЦ˻ƭˣ
ҧгݣԴ죺˵һ;͸ҿöģأ
Сͷء
һӣһóɫëɵĶèУȻڰǰһ£ŵƶè𡣡
ʱ嫲ϻͻʱ򣬵µëռ˺ɫëӡ
գһ۾èʱɫ۾ͫ
Ϊѵؽ˹үˡ
Цְۣޱּ䷽ȥ
л˵
룺Ǻǣ


84 ãСС
Ϊѡ, һͶʮֲԸҪѹţһܴ
ҥֽʮ, Ѿǽһ׵ߣ˵ͶһЩ˱ȣҲƫϵȵ츳Ҳһȥ츳õߡ
ҥߵǰɱ·, Ǻڰʤߡ
ɵ, ҶһϰҲǰɱߣɵǣͬͬͬȼ, һεҴȣҶҥϰһָ, ˽ľֶ
ϰ񱻶Źų󣬼̳˶һìܣһǾҥʮֲˬ
ȻԴһãϰȻƣҥľĴ, ʵս鲻֪ϰļ
ּ䡣
ҥվڴ̵ǰ, ɨһȺˡ
ҥС硢ĮĬϰĸͦƤ𪡢һһԴ, 欣Ҳ׷
˫ȻȻػǰ, ǳɫ̧, ˵, ؼʥƷذ, ˣ
ǰ, ؼͨһڰɱ༸յϢûúƻ͵ҥС
ҴʥƷ߾֮
˵߾֮ҲϰҥҲϰӰӶûͳ˾֣ôܿ
ϰʣҥĮ̧ͷûʲô飬ζ֮
ϰۣ㻰أ
ҥƳһۣĿڣ⣬ҪΣ⣬Σ
ϰ촽ѹ£üӲҥ־͸ҴһΪľҵĹأ
ҵĹأ߾֮ʤս̨һˡ
ϰв󣬸һڶӶǰһԪڣҪѹˣϰ˫ֱأǸЦЦؿ͵־ܡ
ҥ߬סȭɫ侲Ҳӿ˼ŭ⡣
ذҪģؼҵһʲôʱ
ҥŭգſϰ˶ż
ذףԡҥ߰ضסǰÿһˣ֣ƴ
ʶôϰЦݵˣ̧ģһͷ䵶УлָҥּϢ
ںĶǼ״΢΢ü
졣ϰ䵶΢ЦҲ
Ķһ٣εغ죬û˵ˡ
ҥɫ䡣
ټС˲䰲Ҷ
ϰѾ䵶ҥȥвһΣذף㽻ǲ
ҥƤһۡ
Ȼһգۣҥ˲ԭʧ
һ٣ɴۣȫûӦ
ϰ˫Ѹת䵶ӭ絲ǰ
ᡪ
һڿնذײ䵶֮ϣ̶ļ
ҥ˫ȵһֱ̧һӣذӦһλصϡ
˫Ե̬ϰǰҥĶĿƣȻǰƷʥ
ϰ𴽽ǣЦҥɣʥֻܹС
ϣ԰ּ䵴ҵģ
ڶµĳ󣬴ûгԹܼ˰ҥһȽϣϰҲӲԼ䡣
ǰذףҲֻ
ϰϰѰҥټ
пٴ󣬶̱ڶ
սȦԶһϣƮȻ֦ϣﱧһֻޣַһƬҶ˼ǴսȦȥ
۾һۣȻذףʲôʱҵˣ
ʹ޵״үλ״үھ
Цһû»ˮǾͲˡ
죬
һ۴ѷֵˣһվԲĶӣ˼һ˲䣬Ȼƾմ˸ָ
ǰĶȫԭأǱʲôһ㣬ȫ޷
صһͷСѾͷĴ򶷣˲ʲôǾ
׿ֲ´嫡
ջߣֿ嫣صǰĻϣŶ೤ʱ䳤һꣿ
˲£ˬһʱ
˵ֺߵһ䣺ţҾͻָʮˣ
Ϊźһ찡
ɰˣû̹ء
嫾һۣƮһϣԶ롣
һüЦݡ
ƵԲɨȥǡÿһɳ۶Ӱӷ
ƣ£Ρ

ӷʱͼϸӰּ䴩ӿһȺɵվһԣһľͷһ
ϰ񣡡ӷƳֱ֣׷ȥ
ž
һ޻ӳϰĿըϰԷɡ
ͻĹֱжϰô
ҥ˳ƹ̬ӯ䵽ӷࡣ
ոյľҴҥϴŴźˮž
ӷջسޣӽҥһչֱӸϰŭߡ
ϰӷ
ӷĵŭֱ̧۾⡣
ӷдֱᷳץסԱһ˦ϰ񣬲ҪҶ̵Ľ
ϰ͸ˣסԱһᡣ
һԷ㶵Ķŵûɢæǰͼסϰ
ϰӦס壬վûˤڵϡһ⣬һƬͨ죬žҧ/ŭصӷ
ҥһϰϵķŭٿһӷĮ΢΢üж˼ֺ档
ӷϰѿֻ̧࣬סҥʣ𣿡
ҥҡһҡͷûղŴ˼¡
ԣӷһüǿѹ¶Ҷŭҥߡ
ϰ񻹵ڵϣҶ֪Ǻá
ӲͷƤǰһϰӵϷ
ϰղѣһƳȥֱһƬ
ô˻ˣ
ĵĬĬͷҳ֣Ҳҷ
ϰһƿԼӵվضţȻŭ뿪
ϰӰʧ󣬶Ӳŷ׷Χȥοĵӣû°ɣ
ֵ֮ĵӿЦһҡҡߺͷϰ뿪ķ

ӷҥּʱ򣬺²ӿӲŭȥ
üҪúýСѾͷһ̧ͷͷֲԶϸҶƯԼԼܿĨӰ
ӷ̾Ǹӣû
ӷ磿ҥѭǱ߿ȥ
ǡɾڴʱԨì˳˹һ׶ı飬ֱֱ嵽ӷǰ
֪ҥϰ˶ס侲ìŵûɢֱӵסҥµشҥҥ𣿡
ҥҡһͷʾԼû¡
һһۣŭЩأүүôʰǣ
Ԩӷ࣬ҵҥķλΪҵǰذ𣿡
ҥҧһ´ߵǲҵذף֮ǰƵϰΪҸģҪ
ðȻǸŭգһߣӾҪȥҡ
ӷסҲڣ嶯
ĥӲƲͷȥû˵ˡ
ԨһֱµǱؼ۾ϵĽ࣬ڿԿһЩ⣬˫Ҳûи
ӷʱԨ΢΢һ£ʶ֡
ڣӷϣǲˡ
ԣӷ͵ػ뵽ոտĨӰɫ
˷׷׻עƬӣ˫Ѿ֮ϡ
϶£Ǿı鿴
ȴصһͷԣЩûлķ
嫰ڰ֣ȥɣȽռˡ
˵ţҪռꡣ
һסС֣ӿռ
ɻͷ
ЦʲôѽֲΣߡ
嫣
һСޣȵ䵽ӷǰ
ƼϤӰӷ˻ûüס
һ˲ӷ롢Ԩìҥͬʱɴۣϲ֡

ڻˣ
ӷһѣ
ӷƿ룬ǰˣȻضס
عҲһһסǱڻСɴ˫۵ޣ˼һ˲ͣ͡
嫵֣Цųǻӻӣѽ
С硪
ӷǣһ£Ͱ͵ǵ۵СޣãСС
嫣
գգۣһʱû̫Ӧĳƺ
л˵
ֻһ죬Լò񫣻



85 Сͽܰ
ټּ, һʱЩΡ
ͰͬʱعΪЦá
Ϊӷ˶ŵޣ, ǲˬ
ҲŲǡ
̧סͣŲæؽӻͽܣССס
嫣

΢Цסͣҿ϶,, ͽܣ꣬һס
ӷ˲Ȼ, һֳĴĿͶ嫡
ССãԽӷʦ塣ӷ, һЦݣյǰ
嫣ĥĥҧˡ
˫ɵԲ۾ҥĸԴ󷢣ì̽ͷ, С嫿, һգգ
ȡһϽŰת, һߵҸջ˵˵ʲôɡ

һµʱ䷢˲ٵ, ôһ·, ӷٿҲ˵˶, 쵽СԺſ, ڰ, ʾ뿪
ع飬ӷ˸˲ѣŽȥϢԼȥĴš
˸߲ҵ뿪ЦҡҡͷٰѻС˷ڵϣ̧
ͷ
һ·󱻷ŵվŵʱ˵ˣŽĿףд˰Թ
ϰ嫵ĿߣƮš
ȥҲͽʺϰˡ
ߣ
˫һ˦ÿҡڵԺߡ
ԴӽߺһֱԺżľһЩ飬Ҳǵһʱõ˽ϢԺſڣ۰Ͱ͵⿴
Ȼ󿴵һֻҡǰСޡ
һ˳С޵ķȥһۿǳЦŵĽ
Цһ£ôûɡ
˽һµľиһͷЦ棬ǻˣʱˡ
߼ס嫣һ࣬΢΢üǷʲô𣿡
ཫͶԼǵֻʾһ¡
ȻȻֱߵޣװľŶ߽ܣһ£ǰ׻а嫡
Сʮֲϵطһۣƿ࣬ȥ
գգۣջߣɻ
΢΢ȭŵߣЦҸոնͷˣںƢء
ֽһ䣺ڰ嫶ݾҵͽܣ㲻Ҫ¶ˡ
ָ֤Բᣡ
˵ž͸оǾ棬ôݵĴ׻ôͳֻأ
棬ʣǰϽһԺߡ
֮Ĺ¾ˡߵĸ׻Ǵڻ˯ѵ״̬Ҫȥ𣿡
΢΢һͷк嫣嫣Ҫȥһ
嫰ŭҲҪȥ
˫һ̯ЦΡ
̤Ų߳Ժȥ
ɻԲ£ֻӷһ䣬Ŀǰλȶ
ѵûѣֻǱ𽭳Ķ飬ӳҲӱע
ԣ޴󰭣ֻԪ͸֧̫ҷƣֻܵԪָ
֪󣬽ҲԶģ¡
뵽ҥеǰذףʵ𣿡
ˡͷ뿪ǰǰӻȥľڶȥؼңǡײؼҡûֱѹЩҵ֧ϵɱӣһ֮ھͰӴɾˡ
ԣҲ죬ЦܹǴ½һʦʦмѪġ
ͬ˵ȷʵؼҼ̳˵ͷҲľЭ飬һֻԭϵļ۸񡣡
Ҫڰɱأ
ҥõǰѾǳƷ͵һѣ׼ѣͻľ̸ˡ
΢΢ףʣҴҲûʱ䣬һأľж³սȺ𣿡
ľ˵ҪûͰʼĳսҪֻսһվɡ
ս
룬ս20̨35Ϊӷ35Ϊľս̨սӲظڳսѡȷʵǸͷ۵⡣
ţƮǰߵСޡ
Ϊޣ嫶˵ʮ/Уž͸ܵ˽ȵĿⶢӡ
嫻ͷƳ뷨ʲôϣ
ûʡ
ȻغЦѽ¶ô
Įô
˿崽ڳһĵģͰ͵Ű嫡
ܲģ۾һҧҧ˵
۾һһһμӻսɣȡʤǲ˾ͺá
룬һ䣺Ҷ֪ҵСͽܡϻָģҾ˵Ҷͽܣ쳹׳Ҵͽˣ
һһһ㶵ġ
˫ֲ㶵ذͷǲƺˣ
ǿ϶ǡЦе˵ҪһֱǱģҵȻ㲻ϾҪָʮ𣿡
һʳָϰ嫵ĶͷЦֻ꣬СͽܣΪʦ˾ͽˡ
ͷǸԴԼԽĺթģپѣǰ;޹⡣
л˵
дİʦԴͷ

-о


86 СС׼ҳ
㶨˳ս, ԾԼ·˼֡
ûߵӳѾѶӭӣѹϻ, Եûôüɫ裬ӭ
ӳŽûˣ
һûϵĺѾЩ, û֮ǰô, ˵ûпάע𶾡
´һӳЦףʱ鲻
ӳһ, ֪Ӧ˵Լϵİߡ
ࡢŰ嫣Խ, ˵ҽȥˡ
ӳعƲƲ죬ͽƽˣתȥ
ߺһ, ĸ׾, ˵ЩһΣʲôоûСӳ˵,ұΪҲһʮȥûʲôչ, ԪҲȶ, ж״̬
ӳ仰, Ѿ˷, ΢΢, ϵˡ
Ѿ࣬ɫȽռһģ̫࣬ɫǺģ˯״̬
ǻԲѣڴرߵĳںû˿ɬ
ƽȵݣԪ̽ڣ̽һް󣬲ֱӳϵʦ۰𣿡
ӳ΢΢ҡͷɫأûУʦʼȥ۰سˣϵ𣿡
Ĭһ˲Ȼҡͷʦ뿪Һ֮ˮûдͨ
ӳ磺᲻ۼҳˡ
ⲽϵ᳤˵ҴȽȥۼҡ
ȥ
šһ٣̾ʦ޹ʧ٣ֻܵҵѶϢĳˣԻ᳤ʵԱȥͺá
ӳҧһ´۷ʵǲʵͻˣ
ҲûͷͻˣԪӤ߽ס
ԣӳ͵صһĿס񿴹Ƶɨ򽭳㡪һǰҲԪӤװɣôмֱһף
һʳָǰǡܡ
ӳѵ¿ˮƽԼ𾪡
ȷ岢޴󰭺󣬽ӳվ׼뿪䡣
漴һٵĽŲԽŮ𣺡ӳһ𣿡
ӳüչӦˣ䣬ͳ
Ӧ꣬Խܵĸף¡
¡
΢΢ͷ𹧾Ŀ⳯⿴ȥ
´ҴҶ̧ڡ
һɫĶ¾װ󡢽״źɫ׵Ļ󡣳߸¼Ĩڷں䡣
/ȥڴʱĲ̬֮˻Ȼһ¡
һ뷿䣬߾ĴѰ׼䵽ϡ
𴽽һЦЦʴ󷽣żѡ
ǽ
¿첽ڽǰ
ЦʱβЩƣͫ䣬ƽ͡
µĳ󣬽ȷʵв죬ʵڵ̬֮ǰ󣬴󵽽һδϳ
ֶӣҾŴղŵһлҪÿֺǺ߽꽭ۣȻĴָ
ʮ飬˵Ҳˬʲ
ǫѷͷֻĸ

ӦһȰصͷ̽Եһ۱ǣŵСޣʵǡ
Ц˵ͽܣССס
һ嫵ָʾк
סģ嫲Ը̧ͷ̵ػĸá
ϳ̣ﶼڻˮ
һͼ۾һӳЩ಻ס
˦һ½֣ˣ쳯ݺݵĺס
̧סࣺѽСôôɰ
嫵ɴۣתͷ
в
̧죬Ǻ뿴һĻ
ӳҡһ£ˣ
գգۣջȷ˵ĴĸģȻһɨӳߵúúѧ۸ڶҪ֪ɽ⡪
֪֪֪ӳ˫Ͷ״ɽɽҪѧϰúúŬǿͻƣ
±ףһ˲䣬Ȼһۣ߼ջߡ
ӳ죬Ͷȥһ㺦̫İԹ
ûסЦȭڴߣЦһ
ջߵʱʶɨۣŵʱжٴЩĽ֮⡣
С󣬽ʢֻ͹ûѰӵĻҲûһҸеܰ
ʱȻӳʹ˸ɫӳͷ
ĸһһҵؿӵм䡣
ĸ
ߣôöææµģҲûúÿһģҴȥ䡣Ƴü䣬һĨĻȡ
˵Ҳ죬ȫûпĲ֣һҲûȥĵط
˸߳СԺƼľԺǰһ·˽ԶԶͶס۷Ź⡣
¡ľǳȥͽ𣿿죬ӳסһŴĴء
ӳ췭һۣýĻ
ʧЦĸ컹ʱ䣬ȸľ屨Ŷ
ҲаɡµֲһԶľȻͽȥȿ쵽ˣΪȵæͷҴҲҪȥһġ
áͷӦ£Ȼǰߡ
߳СԺԶԶ߶˾䣺ǵϢ
á
תָӦ
ľѾߵԺǰ
ʶڽСޣлһĨĹ⣬Ȼúõסɺһ޵Ĵүүɫ
ľߵ࣬µĻûʲôƲ죬ڵҸջ̸飬ӵӴŰȾˣҶǺ󼸲֪飡
ЦһӦӳš
ľÿɷ񣬼˵żЩԹߵʱ򲻴кʱҲϢǺ룡
תŽһȥӻһһģ˵
εظں棬ʱתƻ⣺ȵ鰲ź𣿡
ˡ
˵ϣľ̬Ⱦ಻٣ò20̨Ȼͽˡӷ˵ԽⰬǬ𣿡
ͷԣⰬǬǷҼ顣
ľ̾һòпһ֮㰡
̾꣬ȷһأؼϵؼԤڻңҪһ𣿡
ԣüҪؼ鶼𣿡
ľͷ͵ؼѾƽϢؼ֧ϵֻʣһڡ
ڡ
ͣһ˲ü
ǵҩḱ᳤зϯͽܣз»֮ţԼѾơ
˵зĹϵһھǵҩ֮ǣһȫ
ڵֻڴνǰ᳤͵ҩҩ֮飬ûϸ۲ڡ
ΣҪڣǼ򵥵飬һСľͻơ
ľȻ֪ڵݣŲһҲǸƲ磬СĽ
ľһۣ޵ʣϵ
ľ΢΢ҡͷֻǵͽǸڵѪְҵˣҲһЩˣͽ𹫻еŵûвǷˡ
㣿
ҡľ̾һھȹҵ޳ͽˣշģûκ
Ĭ
ľ˵һӴͽ磬һ֣ͽ˲ΪȥԿؼңٻһ̡
һ磬پͷۡ
ҪǴǴ½һ˶Ҫ֣
˵£˵شȵĻսڰ֣һƲİ嫱ľʾ⣬СͽܣССףȻ죬ҵĴͽҲҪˣʱͽܵμҴȻս
ľע⵽СޣҲӷ˽ͽܵ顣
ڵȵἰȲضԼСС״ͬһˮƽߡ
嫣=_=
˴۵Сۣһ
ľٺЦǴĹС
ЦŽӻɲǹյģǧ򲻵Ĵ󱦱
嫽Ӳɫźÿ˼֡
ľվ˵ţ
ͷĻصսӵϡ
˼ſڵԤһ԰Ȼҥóս̨μӻսɣȻҼ츳͵ĵӣѵ
ľһ٣ҪϰɱŶӣ
΢΢ͷЦٴҵĶأԼΪ׼Լޡ㲻ӮҲȷǵİȫ
ԼޣľգգۣȻ죬ʶȤûʡ
Ц
Ҵ⼸죬ٷһĹͬ㡪
ĸ츳Ӽ١
˼ȥЩĬĬΪȥһյѡ
ռǼֻỴ̂Ҳиˡ
һԵԣʶ̧ͷ˼غͽӡ
ϣŶŤŤӣȻ󰲷ͬ˽
л˵

-о


87 ħ
뷨ܼ, ʼħı֩룬Լɵ˪, Щּ󣬶֤аħڴ½ϵѡ
ڵ޼½ֻ̫һʵµĵӡ
ǻһ, ƫƫҡ
ľĿǰоǼ, ȺЩǱڴ½ţֳͷ¾ܱһĵˡ
⣬ҪЩӵԱ
ľǰ·, һεС
ѳɵѵ
ٽҴȣҸɵӶѾ, һҲ⡣
ûвμҴȵʸ񣬲ԼʵΣһӶۼڴˣΪһĳ档
ľһѵлӺĵǣȻ򽭳Ȼܳɳ, ǷҪѵ, ÿԼ
֪ҪʲôӣŲ, 
ľﶼм
ľ˶, ľ֪Ҫʲô𣿡
ľʵҡҡͷ,֪, һ, һȻǲ
, Ҳٳɣͷ̧ӣѵȥ
ľಽ
ǽķӣϤĵӣξӻÿľжϡ
ľ˵ֱӴϴιսһѡʮˣڽǰ
ؼҵϢѾ˾֪Ϣ󣬵ҲһɨǷϣ/ȵؿʼѵ
˵ҪѵһӣľҹȥЩ˸߲ҵرͬˣͰ͸ľһ仰ûжʡ
ûбѡϵĵǿ۾죬˽ľǵȼ츳ǣľΪʲôѡǣ
ľҡҡͷصİţ˼Ǵӵȼ͵ĵӣɱ䡣
õ𰸺ЩûѡϵĵӲ
һѡеĵǰ
ľѡûֱ˵׸˵ס
ڳȻУٶΪ˲öһʱͽˡ
ͽʶ㣬ħޡʱɫŽ߶ùŹ˼֣˸Щˡ
ûǵķӦֻǼǽ벻ɵ𣬽ѡȨС
󣬽ֻɫһ䣺Ƿһ·֮ϣǲҪ͸¶ȥֹңҲΪԼ
ԣջµĵӦǻж
һĿʱ䣬Ȼ԰ͻѵ
ľ͵⣬˼߳ź󣬵ӭͽӦʾ⣬èӰĺ档
΢΢ͷľ쵽һ࣬Сδ͵˵Լİš
⣬ֻħصʱľɫͱֱ䡣
ŤߣµشɵҲǡ
û˵꣬δ֮
Цһͷˡ
ľһͲתϵһ󣬻Ȼε⾪ϲһһľҴ
ľ𾪲ɫ󣬽˼´ûж˵ֻգÿһ˶ЧûǵǵĵִܴҲǿ󡣡
ľ/˷ĵ¶Ȼ
˵ţشյǰ۷⣺ǲ⣬㿴в

ľŤһ䣬ֵֻǱħ޶ѣܱǿɶУȻôЩǣʵһ㶼˽һ硣
˽ˡ
Цá
ϣһʮӣٿĿں󷽵ľŷӦ̾һ¡
һ˵ȫˡķ֮ĵͽ𹫻ᣬùͽ͡
һȺڵѪΪˣʵΣļʶ뵨ʶԶˡ
˶Կ־뾭ѵħޣ䵽п¾һƫͳ顣
¡ʵ׶ΣΪħӵоʵΪҪ顣
ԭ׼˲˵ǣڿˢˢԼǰ½ɫظЦһ
ǰʮΪڴԲΪһףǵ䶼Ѿִ˶ʮꡣ
Щɵж˵ʮ˾ӦĴڡ
תtѡħһ·Ǿǰ;ԡ
ѲһȦ
ϵľŶСֻֻֻԼޡ
룬䵽ſŵľϡ
סľʶֱࣺ¾Ը
գһۣЦ˵ľ壬鷳ץֻ
õġţޣ
ľתתŽҪ޸
ޣ˼壬ӵޣ峤ͨΪܹٿϸֲҲܹڻһıɫӶΪһ壬׷ɱ
ºͣŶһûԱѴձڵʵ
еľ޵Ͳٿ
ľһˣڶֱӸһӵޣ˵ʮֻ
һǰһػҳ
ڵϺ־һȺŶС̣ͻĻҳһ
ľһ޻˺̧ͷȺư޵⻹ֻأľٸŻȥ
ľڰֺ֣ǺǵܷŻȥֲֹ⼸ֻңȽЩԼſŵħޡ
һ飬ÿ߳ľ
ľʹһ񣬶յǰʣֵܣϸ󣬲Ҳħްɣ
ࣺ
ϵľŶ־ͻȻ̽ͷ嵽ľǰֻʣƵľ˻˻
ľĳŶŵһ
۾ڵԼǼϷҰΧڽһͷ޴ͷ
־λβͼ⣬Ѻõصۣ˻
ľʿˮ
ͷЦݽϣһ
־ջţƵϡ
ϲһŵľŶСǸܵĸ׵Ϣ˻˻Ľгӵ
ľԭزҶһ̽ԵضࣺСֵܰǡ
ҵԼߣ־ָֻ֣״̬ľŶ
־˶ֳͫһͷ³ľк˻
㡢á
ôôĵľŶߣҲǸԪӤڰɣ
ľǳ鴤źСشкȻĶӡ
˻
ŶԴɻԴʣһѺ𣿡
ȭڴЦѺãԺ֡
Ŷ
ŶߵͷӦˡ
⴫Ķƿкľ壬ýɡţľأ
࣬ɫɻ
죺뿪ˣƴ͵ɡ
־ϣ޹š
ɵһۣջߵǾȰýɣҺĻ졣
ϣ
ߣӣӦ
л˵

-о


88 ͽܰ
һϵĿн̸, 嫣ĥӲݣգ£ֻ޿ݵشӦ˽
ڶϣŻһŵ, ε嫣ҲòųɣŪϵҶһˡ
Ŷȣżϣ°΢̧ҲûԴ֮, ǿҾ£
Աܣ
˵Żǿһ, нէ֣Ⱥ޿ݵرһţͷҶɸµ
Լд, 嫽ذͷ
˫֮µӰ, ҫŵ⣬ͷһǳǳңӦ
һϹȥССѾָ˳ֻ̬Ǿܰӽ
Űһ㳤, ֱϵģ, ЩӦ
ޣٿָǵİ, пһ䣺жɰ
ƼԼߣü, 
, ѹڽ, ѹԼ, , ˫ָɺɫٶŽɫâ
һ㶻񣬶Ͻ˸ӣһ˵ѹȸС
ٶ¸Ǽյϣᡣ
ǳǳϢڶߣһ⡣
ʶ˲ӣü嫣߷Χȴֻܿ嫲Ļȡ
ͼ㿪嫵ĺüԴҩˣ
ЦһߵųԴҩˡ
ͦıǼ΢ֲһ½ͷȷȾԼϢ󣬴ӻĲ̧ͷʵϴЦ
嫶ǰ鷢٣ýಱ
̲ס̧ס嫵Ķ䣬ʲôأûȥҵ/ޣǵ̫Сˡ
ֻţѹû
˳˾һ㣬ҡӣЦ뿪
ԼȷĲӣŰ嫵ıӰ˼ԼĻ
Ϊ֮/ֻ̼޾ֵ顣
ӲѼ׸ߵ޸ɰԸ߶͸ǣӽǾҪǩԼΪԼ顣๼ǣǾҸ״˺࡭
𱡴Цһ֣ճɷϡ
ݡ
ǶϵҶӣһţɪؿޡ
ϵҶˢˢ£˽һӣۿžаСûƣ嫡
οڻ
¶𣿣̱ɫָֻ˧ĴСӡ
̫ѨקŰ嫵ߣߵű߲ŻͷЩޣǵҶӼҲɨء
ء
صͷһһѵҶ
ԹؼҶקŰ嫣뿪СԺ
嫱Ƚ߽ͷڽӭ⣬ˬ
һֱԺ̧ͷŽһλε
ǰ߼ӭȥһ־ɲɨꡣ
һۣǡǡöһĽɫĿҫۣ˲ʹ̽ʶ֮С
̵˫ʹǰɡ
࣡Ҫ
Ŷ߼ס
ⲻһ˲飬عѾ亹
ٿǸˣֵ̿ջߡ
̶̵һĻƳʱǡö޹ߣֻһ̾Ȼܵͽܣ嫡
ʮϵǰһЦ棬ʮ飺ҽа嫣ʦ𡣡
ֱ̧ۣȻȻش½ָ
ޱջ֣·
źһԼ䡣
ͽܡ
嫡
˲֪˭;Ŷ֪ܲ𣿣
ڰ嫵Ķ£һ飬ӲͷƤӣ˵áࡣ
ȻͷЦеͷʾ⡣
ȥˣ̧קһ°嫵ӡ
嫡һ²ʦкηԸ
һۣϷݣ˷ˡ
ջЦݣ𴽣Ц÷ŵϣʦ
Ű嫴Ҵ뿪
ĬĬͷ·
Դӻָ˳̬󣬰嫾ͱ޼ɵ
һڽߴ粽룬һֵȦĴݲݣȤظȥ۷Ź⡣
ޱһ䣺ˡ
è
ԣߺ֣װµ˻
һڽ࣬ЦüۣʦǼʺ𣿡

˵˻
ۣһܿȥˡ
һ٣ıӰͷʺš
һ·Ļݲݱò󣬰嫵ˣʵʵڽ󣬸ȥľ
һŶѾ˺ʵĵӣľָ£˳ŶǩԼСԸŶ߶š
ûѵľɤźһУվվѾ̫ˣߣ
ľһֲصһߵĵӡ
ǩԼĵ˸ڵͷԱߣ죬ҳһ
ô߸˱ùѪͷסһЦ
ЦЩԣ˳˵ע⡣
ˣĽƣĵǶʱӾܶ
ܶĵǣľʱһۣȺӣ˷ҿˮٶ仹һվ
ȭЦһʦͽǾͽľˡ
ľȥޣͺͰٴνṬӹѹ˼ʺŶսİɱؼ
֮ǰʱṬͽн
һıؼԼڵһش󶼱һһչڽǰ
ҪʱľĴ̽ѰǡѰһСһŶӰɱȺսս
ؼķҪͬϰͬѵܹͬͬȼԽ࣬սЧԽá
սǼ˺һһɢҵŶսһ˵İɱ
ŶǩԼΪǰǩԼں󷽣ƿش֡
ǽѷĿǰҲֻ룬ЧΣÿǵˡ
ľֺǺǵģʮ͸
ЦŵԭҪսһܳɲɣôǲˡ
ΪȻصͷȻתӺѵűקסһƬ½ǣ
ľգۣŽĶɻ
Ȼ󿴵һλݿΡθߴꡣϻۣȫƣΨһ˫䣬ľĿ
λǣ
ľһ𣬵˾޵ش嫡
Ƴһۣ׺ݣд
ҰģӦ÷ɿ죬Ȼ𴽣Цеǰһ
˵ʦãʦĴͽܣҰ嫾ͺã
һɤȷѵнһٺװס
˶סѭſڵ˺¶ã
˭ǣ

ľ죬Ӧã
⡢ͽܣľӦ󣬻ǲŵ򽭳ǣССأ
嫾͹ɵվһЦ
ȡһСССͽܣؼˣǴס
嫻
ȡ治ɫתƻ⣺ͽܻˣҴȵľݰɡ
ƳԼҡʦ𡹣Цһ
øӲУ
л˵
嫣ʦãϺʦŷҮ

-оô


89 ħź
һĿȹ̵ǵıԼ
ޱԼѾڴ½ͳʧǧ, ǩԼǱܣȹԼȴѧʡ
ͬԼ֮ر𣬱罭嫵걾Լ, ٱǰԼߵѪԼ
ڵ޻ǷֲԼ𣬽ѾǩǩĵӾۼչһϸĽ
ӿԼ
, ںˢˢǱʼǵľ, ɻʣȻˣΪʲôԼᱻΪħޣΪǽɵӰ𣿡
ڵѭľ, Ȼͷ򽭳д֪
֪, ֪ħޣ֪ħֻ֪Ƥëͼ򵥵Ľܣ˵һһ֪ˡ
ľʺ󣬽˶, Ȼҡͷħ, ħޡҪħΪаһԭ򣬿¾ħ޷ɡ
˵, һֲʱ޷ΪʱûѰķ
վһ΢΢ü, е, ֪
Ƴһ, ûӦ
һ䡸޷, ˾һ
ľȴư, Цֻ޷ѣŴ½⼸ĿԼ̤ճ𣿲ȫǿڵΡ
ҪĲǳǱǿεӷɤӺԱӵĳ񣡡
ӷһɤӺలĵȫӦ˹۾ƵŽ
ҪǱǿ˲۵ĵطȻʸγ
˵䲻ĻǵʣһӶѵóҲ춨ĳ֮ˡ
ӷ˵˽뷨һȺ˼Ѫ㼤ĵӣοصͷٶѿˡ
嫸մһ̬ǲ
żٴգֻҪ̤̤ʵʵǰߡ
ָ򢣬ۣܵԪӤˮƽǿһȥһħš
ħš
ᶯ
ɨһȦµǵѪǶƻ󣬾ڵǳݵ³ѵ
ԼһڱҪʱܹԼߵ嫶˶ӣͷ򽭳
ɫƽǰߡ
̸󣬲ʱ̽ͷȥĲ
˵ȣûڣͲסʣңܺħţΪʲôأ
תͷһۣЦԸ˵Ҿʡ㲻Ը˵Ҳܡ
Ʋ죺޵˼Ѳ¡
Ǿͱˣ˵˵ɣЩµܿԸҡͣ²ӣ΢бԸϹЦ⡣
˫ԺƵǾȸ˵˵ħŰɡ
԰ѵħſһ޼½λ棬֮ӡ֮ӡԼǩߡȵȵȣеʶ塣
֮ǰǸƨ˪Ǳÿռ֮ɺʵûǱ͵˵ħŵĿռȥҲǸ͵ȵ壬֡
ֻȼ䣬ü·𿴵һȫµġδ˵硣
ҪҸƬռ¸壬޼½޵磬״½ƶ򡣶ħĿռ䣬ûа꣬˭
˵˵ţ΢΢ͷ֪һա
㻹ǵλص𣿡
ۣǵã͵ħйϵ
̯˫ֻ֣̾ܰ״̬ȥħţҪȥǱߣ϶/壬Աҵ޼½͵ħŵӿڡ
Щڴ½ʱ۲޼½пΪӿڵĵط
ڵ͵ૣ㲻Ĵ嶼ЩϴΨûܴ˽Ϊ̸ֱܶ˭ôһ壬˭ߺеһ͵ħЩ
Ƭ̣üﶼʵµͨˣӿ𣿡
ЦһҪͨ˲Уͨ˲ŷֲƬռӴҪ㻻һܸ֪ռ֮ﳤסͷ
ԪӤǿܸ֪Щ΢Ŀռ֮˵Ҫ֪ʹÿռ֮¾Ҫûǿߡ
ͻᱻصĻ֣ݣ޷ǡ
ᵽ̷ӦĲԾ
һΪ˱ͨ˶ĹȣսȴȶɽǿߣǺ⣿
ֻΪάߺ֮ͨȶ
һûʲô⣬ϸϸɾʹȥ
ϸһµҩһʱ䣬﷢顣
̧һļ򣬻ʱûעĻҲ벻٣ܲˣʱȥˡ
˵ֻһ£ṬĴܸо͵ħйϵ㵽˻ڣǾͿԴȥ
ڰ
ջشµŰ嫣΢飬㵱ԪӤʲôײһһֱԾ
ʼ磺ԪӤ߽ףԪӤԲһҳɳ˳ڣֱӴͻơ
һüԭ㻹ǳڣ
´űԼһͷİ嫣һȻԭ㻹û꡹ģ
ҭס漴߳ŭǳڣˣ
͵Ц
嫵ضһ½ţĿⰧԹҲ㣬Ҫ˸ɱү䣬ֱħιȥˣ
˴һ󣬽ҲûͣεһԺߡ
ǰŸûãľ׷
ľסһɤӣˣ
ͰЦһ٣ľ
ľǰԼѾڴЩҪƤҲ˹˵ҥҥǰذҵĶҪ
ҵĶ
ԣˣֱק𽭳ֱֺۣǵߣͶƤж񡣡
ߣεƳһۣſľϵʲôʱ򵽡
ϵˡľٺһЦüŪܵһӺִҴլ
ҪˣŲƤһأ
ˣֻľйϵ
ѹͲ֪ҪţקŶڴ̻žžء
ŴһĻľѹסǣظϽ
л˵



90 񾭲
һ
һεһ, ڵһԣűǲˮ裬š
Ц, ˿ɲǣЩҹζֻҪķԸͺãѹͲҪǷ
һƲ, , ѵóԱ񣬶ټŵ
ϰһԣβЩ, һ۸ģ
Ƕһ츳ߵĵ, ǶŮ˵ڶµĵλҲΪ
һȻģٰ˵ʮ㡣
ԼŮɥģ, ۵ú, תͷ˵߷߲ƽ, üСƾ¾ҥתͷӷ, ʲô˼۸Ƕû𣿣
һ߶߶߶, ƤҲû̧, ר־ȥ豭ĭ, ¡
һ仰û˵, һ˶εĴٶû

Ǹûģܵ϶ˣȫȫƴƴѪȡ˸˵šӷɤӣֵؽ
úЦ˶ôԣҲѹֶĸˡ
ӷӻᣡɲ˭ҵľĺùµģ
˵ŻľƨľüŪ۵ġ
ľһۣûΣ
ӷٺٵЦ
뽭Ӧò̫˽ҵӷһ·Ҳвס죬ȰȰȸ˺һСϢ
ôһ֮ŭһСǸֵС챻߳ŵķ¡
ۼӷԽ˵Խƫʱסͣˣ߾Ҫˣ⻰һ
ӷͷԼǰһˡ
һûʽľҲϲǮȥ棬ֻӣ˸һ⣬ûʲôװΣʮּª
ҲǲĲ
ֻǵȣĿԿ
磬һҪܲ׵ظһⲻϹأ
Ҫ˵ҥϰʮ֮һȲϣƾʲôؼҵ
ҥóӷϰǸ
⻰ſýͰ嫽Ųһ١
ӷʹɫɵӣ
ӷͷһŹ֡
ȭڴ߿һҶǰ;ǰ
һĵϴʴʣΪһ
鲻㶼֪ǷĵΪһǶ
ǰɣ㶼ôɣ
鸴ӣƽȷչڣ
ľʼ磬ÿɷ
ſڣľͣ½Ųӷһλãýǰ档
ǶҪ߽ˣûֹͣ
һ˿˽ŵļˣæҵģ
̧֪ͷһŸɨһȦ䵽ϡ
ûľֻŽųβһĴֶӣ
ֶӡִðʵʵЩӦ
ֻЦһ߾Ͷһűڵ㣬ʦڵ̣Ҫʲôأ
һŻЦݣֶӰȷһĳսڿɾһĵûȷأ
΢΢ͷľӡ
ľͷʾȷʵˡ
ҴһύͲ׸ģһύ˾Ͷˣ޸ġ
ûлľһֱύӲĵ˽ʱ
Цվζ˵ֶ֮ǰ뿪һ£ҲѹһȷֶӾһսصĿڴ
Цŵ仨ܸ֪Ц⡣
ա䣬Ķ߻Ҫݶ
˿ضЦһǫ˵̫ˣջع飬޷ӰһĳսֻľȽϽԼҵӵʵ֪֮ǵԿ԰һȷͷһˡ
ǰ˵Ļʲô˼
ﰵ˵ľ¡
üûֶ˵⻰˼һͬĶӿ׷׵򽭳
Цƽͣ·ʲôû˵ոЩĻ
ЦһҲýӻֵȻֶӶˣǾͰһĳսҰɣҲðųزǣ
ųأ
Ƿˣ
Цݵģ׵ԵƬ̣ͽ㡣
˵žλһԵıīֽ⣬˹д
磿վǰ棬ü㣬۾ɵü󣬡ֻҪ
أ
һɫῴšüס㣬Ϊʲô
ôɵӣᷳ˿ԣֻǿϺ۾ӷϰ
̵תվľĵӷİӷǲ۸ϰˣưĵģǸˣ
ͻȻתӷϡ
ӷŤŤվһӭ۾ϰǰ·ðһʺš
ɶ
ϰǸ
ƾʲô
ӷ淴̬ˣǣЦ۸ˣɲҥء
ϴּ䣬ҥң
ϰ񡸲䡹վʱ/Ȼˣ۽ͨ죺ҥң˵ûУ
ӷ۰׶Ҫȥˣʲô˵Цֵһ˵һҰҥҥôˣϰСŰ/Ÿ˶ҥҥһſ
У㲻˴ң۸ң
ϰţ۾һ죬Ҫһ㣬Լĸס
Ů۸ˣǿ͵ŭŭӷСӣŮǸ
ӷ
طһۣ񾭲־Ͷߣ
ӷ˵嫱ƢѹסˣֱӳƨҪôڹȥҪô߳ȥԼѡһ
ϰ۾üǲŵ嫣Ȼң
þ㡣
ƾջӳһԪסϰҪϡ
֣ɿңϰŵɤԽƴ
ûƳƳ飬Ȼеѹѹϡ
ʵǿԪӤףһԪӤ߽׵ѹŵûɢһ仰û³
գۼͰ񾭲ŮƷסˣľӷ۾һ޲鳸嫼
ªһʱüɹݶΪ
ۼŵҺС㱻һԴĵӲˣŰ̫ףɴ㣺ø
㶼ⳡһ촭ǿά΢ЦȣҧгݵֶӣǲЩˣ
ʶǶֵ˭ʵҲԸ𣬶ǲضס
ƵһʻЦ̧ͷѾϵſڵİ嫣嫣˰ɣ֡
ϵġʦ𡹶˻嫲̫ˣƲƲ죬Ȥаɡ
顢ϰӦ䣬ˤڵϣʹûˣײ´ʹҲҪһӡ
æȥ˷ŭηصһ۰嫣Ȼ㣬ʵػ
鱻Ƿ󣬻ϰϵػۣסҶ
ϰǱҳһۿˮûܹܴ裬ͨ죬ŭ־塣
ˡǳһв豭ϣѵĲ
ֶӣǵĴ֮ǿĳ
㶢򽭳Цݣü
վŸû͸ıīһȻŻ̧ͷЦһ˵𳤱ûߵǷǵĳء
ۣʵǺ⣿˵㣬ǡ
Ŀ𣿡ڳһȵı飬Ȼ΢ЦҾֱ˵ˡ
δ䣬ɫֱڵϰл飬壬֪ǰذ׵Ϣ
۵Ӳʹд𣺡Ǽ˵ġ
𰸣嫲ջѹյؿһϡ
ǳ˳飬Ⱦ˼ֺ
ǰһΣת۾վ֮䣬סߡ
ԶקԨ͵ﵽȡ
ԨǸʲôѧ˲
Ԩһͷй˸ˣߡ
УЦЦؿ㣬˵ذҵĶ
ţ㻺ۡ
Ȼ䣬һƬ磬Ķ㳲Цųǣҡ
⻰һͫ˲ָĵ״󺧡
΢ЦŹƣһذΪУһһϣһĶǲЩ̫뵱Ȼˣ
ǳ鴤ϵЦһɨ⣬ֻʣ
û˼ոշʲôɴЦһһĶؼҰʱֻ˵ǸһؼΪֲϴʧĲɱˣҶģǵĶҲ
ʵ뷨ȫг˿š
ذһ̾ʮֲƾʲôһľƷʥؼûôߵƷʣ
µôģЦһȻˣǾؼ˵ްɡ
ǺǳضŽ㵱һķ˭׺ϵ㣿ǣҸ㣬Ҫҳ棬ؼĻᶼûУ
ؼʲôλؼʲôλ
üʮľӪŻúؼĻᣬǰһëͷСӻܺؼҴϹϵ
֮Աǡ
Ѿ˺ƤҲԼͳ⡣
ľӷ˶ɫضס㡣ָ죬˫ֺ
΢΢ֹ̧֣סǵĶֻóһöˮŵǰǼϸɡ
Ķˮ΢΢һ˲ʹһͻѾҴլˣһլ𣿡
ĳͣк̧Ƥ
ǵģֱ߱ܿһԺӣǾ档
ֱ
ˮصˣ˵
üͷһѹü
̧ͷȥ漴ۣһӻûϵľɫֱˮԽسߡ
ڣһںɫӰڴ֮
źɫװüж䡣
ͷ𣬲һʱɢŽâ
ؼר־
΢ͣŵصɴۡ
ոžֵܳˣȻĳ
л˵
ʦ򵽣



91 ʦȫԱħ
ˮ, һƹ̧ͷͿڻվһȺˡ
һ˽Ȼɻü, ﵴǳǳǸ⣺Ǹˡ
˵ߣеˮ֮ɷĩƮɢ
ͬһʱ, еˮҲɢ˻ҡ
ˮ֮ǰľ, ػؽϣ
ÿֻˮֻϣˮԶ顣
Ŀбӵ, ֻûſڵϾɲļˡ
ߵͣסֵ̧ݸöСɵİˮ
̧
ʾӹ, Ȼ͵ϴߵ̫ûüˮ㡣ö㣬ʱǵ綨λһ£֮ÿٸ㱸
ˣ

ΥʦѹƸС
ôˮ۸۴εģƽʡһ궼һΣһ»
ͼʶƴֵĽұһ, ο˴뱲ӵľӷˡ
һʱѻȸ, Զԡ
Ψһ˲̱ڵء
ӻóôˮ, Ҿֻؼˣǰ˲˭
û뵽, ոֻһûӵĻ, ܰѵ, ô½վǰ
ĳĬ, ԼոЩʲôԡ
꽭ˮ΢, дɣʾ⽭һǰ
ĬĬȡһ˵עԼϡ
ˮһˮ֣оԼ˵ֱ׳Щ
ֱֱɨһԷ㶵㣬𴽽ǣЦЦҲˣҪҪ֮ǰЩٸظһ飿
һ飬ҵ룬׻̿ס
ʲôڣЩ棬Ҹʱ򣬻ʲôذףƵǰ𣿡
Ƶ
һһû˹ȥ
ҺؼҵĺؼϵԲٵĻλֱϵӶллصˡ
ذ׾ȻƵ
һ仰ŵֱ촽䶯ţһ仰û˵
һ죬еˣ
ʱ˾̯ڵϷɵĶ˶ֵ̿طӦ
ӹ㣬ɨ顣
Ҳ֪ʹͷˣ鸣飬Ȼ붮ǰŷҡͷֶӣҡҲҪˣҲҪˣĲ֪Ƶ
ɥȶڶɸ
һüĬĬŲߡ
ɻ򽭳һɣôֲ
ûס²ۣļҵȽϿֲ

ǿѹ£仰ҽӣֱ˵Ҫˡ
ľĿ뿪ıӰˬغ˾䣺´μٰ
ӷںƲƲ죬ɨ̱ŵļˣǻ𣿡
ߡͷһʮѿЦݣʹˣקϰҪߡ
ϰקۣ
ȨҴ壬Ҳϰ۾ʲô
ҵĺʹС㶼ˣҶֻܵø죬վٸһתۼͳ
ۼһܵñȷ绹죬Ĭƿڣֲʲôˮޣô𣿡
ЦŻͷӵ㲻Ǻˮޣǲүһ㣬֮û˲˵ҪӴһȺѵĹˣǲǲ𡣡
ľӷͷʾʮϿɡ
šüһΪʲôҺ㳪ǰ׽
Ƚݰɣºٴסĺλ
һ٣Ȼûᣬ˳Ž˼ȥ
ļ˶䶼ˣƫƫ˵һûģһֱֲʡ
һתʱƳһۣǲ𣿡
ľ˶һۣ·һĺģæϡ

Ŀ
һǺͽ̶ذ׵չ죬ƳɱӶﵽҪ
ӦԼԮʦݰһμҴȡ
ؼڲĸĸ
ѭŷɨһȦ̵½̫ƽؼ츳ߣӦľʵ޷Աæ
˵ˣ֮ۣȷҪĵʲô
ûֻŽ
ľףʾ뿪
ľվӷߡ
ȻſںԨײϣÿһֻһ϶ȫ뷿䡣
ֿһվһڵİ꣬ǳС
ڵͽܣʦͽ֮ûܣûˣʦлֱ˵ɡ
ԣüԴ嫼ۡ
Ƥ˿ӣʢ̵һ
򱡴ջջߣ棬̾Ҳ˵ؼһҡ
ͷ֪ʦúܺãһ˫񡣡
ŽĿޣЦ˲źáؼҺԪˣЩӦеȫԼˡؼǿиɣ½ַӿ̫ҵĴ½ƻҵʱؼҵȫȻûԱ
ɻ󣺡ǡ
εʵȥҵⰬֺⰬǬҺؼҵңһ̻İΧ»ȫˣһ¡
һԵİ䲻ҵʦ𣿡
æϣԼµġ
δ˵
ԼƲһһʮ˵ǰһʱ䣬ֲشҴҸϻּҴϢգһûã̶˶ȫأеĵȼˡ
ԺҿʼĽƸתԱһЩԭ͵ȼĵӶпɹ۵Ƶò࣬ⰬĽҩϲ¡
̻鷳ȻһͷŶԼޣԹƵȼԪӤʧⰬˣⰬǬϻء
ֻҥԻûãⰬƾͻָˣɵ᳤ԾΡ
˵ţ򽭳Ǹʱ䣬̻ᡢḱ᳤ִѹ̻ᣬֲض޷뵤ᣬ˭ܽϢ᳤Ⱜֵأ
Žͣһ˲ӭƽݼ˵ǲµݣҲµͶʹߡͬģʶⰬǬⰬ֣Ҳ᳤ȷϹʱ֪Ⱜ˱Ϣ
Ҳ²⣬вɽֵܻ˵Ⱜ֣Ȼڲԭ°ȼӦúͷŶйء漴Ⱜ˽ʹڶͨ˽ͻƣԱ
̧뽭ӣҲµö𣿡
²渵ϲԣȴ̾
ʱҲûΣ˿˳±ܻԭ˵ࡣ
̧һ̫ѨЦһʦʱʦһǿ
һ仰൱Ĭˡ
ڻһ󿿣ӡ
һλĹ󱳾Ͳ֪亹
ĽԼɱ⣬ֻԼĲ²ᴥϵĵߣӶΣ㰲ؼҡ
ԣĶˡ
̧Ͱ嫶һֻۣһ˲䣬ͨͳһ˾
ߵߣϹһӺͽ¡
֧ӣ³һüѹ£ϿҵҪǵİ
̧ڣǳΪħޣ
ħޡ֣ɫδһֹ˵Цݣҵȫȷ
ЦһظЦħ޶ѣ½ǿиϴ˼ǧ꣬Ҳҡ
վ򽭳Ͱ嫣նΪħ޾ܱؼѪԸ⡣
л˵




92 
Ҵڼ, ɴһס
˽һӿ˽̿ΣϤѧϰ˽Ϊħޡ
һвʲôܣһʱ, ˽֪ؼݡ
ǵһ𾪹ĪԺ
½һʦôҪķԸ
һӱɶľηֱ֮ΪԼԺ
ʱ, ԭֻвֵѵ, ܿڿεĵ֮д
ܵǷͻһ׵ģ۰Ͱ͵Χ˹
ҲԸõ໴Ž, ֿίҪ
״, ľ°ϲɴֲܣӵԻʦͽվۼҵɱ䣡
ӷһ²ۣʵʵ˵, 뵱˦ƹȥȾƣ
ľһ, ӷܵ÷ɿ죬
⼸վһס, ľ˵ĹϵҲദüΪǢ
˸䣬ûϹƶһкĵӡ
, , ȻݾӵԺ￴ӳ
ӳʱʦ, źĹϵͲ
⼸ʱԺ, ֲ, ԺֶһˣӳĸסĹ¡¡
æµʱ£мֲ졣
¼˵һ۱Ƽ˽ԶԶ
̣áǰȥЦŴкôÿһ
֣һԵʯϣྰ㱧ԹһȺȫǵǮļһ⣬ⲻֻ߲ˡ
һЦǳ˵⻰ɷˡ
Ц棺ͬҵĺˣ
Գɵػصؼҵ⣬¶»Ҫó顣
ϵЦذڰ֣û¶೤ʱҶܵȣֻҪܸӦͳɡ
ͷˬղײգϵո𸴡
¡鳩Ӧˡ
ҿһۣԼԱʯ۸СݵӳͶȥһѯʵ
ӳ۷ɣŽ˫һ̯ʾԼʲôû
ĬĬջߣԼǰ豭
ͺ̸˺Ͷ򽭳Σ
ȻһʲôأѾңҺͶʼĴˡ
ѭ̧ͷ΢΢üɻߣиߵȼ߻Ը𣿡
ͽ⣬ҴȶҪңеϵ
һֱľʱɭһԸңҺһ˵ķԸҲԼΪˡ
ڶ־ǰ࣬Ϊݾ״ͽܣܰңһϵϵҲᱻϿΪ֮ˡ
˵ʵЩҲһй߼롣
ɭڵʱɭʧҶ֮Ը
ڳ˶֪ڵһۺ£͡
ֻЦһżּ֮⣺ֻҪʯλЩǮۿ˲ǰͰ͵Ŀ˿۷֧ʮʽڿóˡ
ԣ°˼һζ˵ȫĵľԸǡ
ۣȥζΪ˶ԸǱλ޹ء
ѭµ߿ȥ
Ҵլԭĵ̣ǰ֪ӺζʽеֱӰңԱߵĻĵ½һǡ
һǣСլһ⿪šáͽЪϢ
ͶˣɴΪڳǣΪڿĳǡ
˶̶ɱ˶ԵĴ䵽ϣһǿľС
ǰҴϣһʱ˶óĵһֱŵش򶷣ֻйо˸
ʱֻǾͲ죬ھǻ̿벻
µһʵΪʲôҪ׾ǲҪʢ
ѹı仯죬˯оеڲϣҴڼɳĬòûһ
˵ʱֻҪʢҲҪҵţھͿҺͺͷģҾһ̹
ֱ\ü΢ѹһ벻ףôģҼǵ25ĵƽȼǽĽףڴ½ȥЩϵȵɱȶɡ
ҡͷźҾͲ֪ˣԴҺǾŻһһ굽ͷլӣмҪҵĲ뿪ҡ
ҪʽҲҪ͵ҩૼ䣬Խɻˡ
ӷ˸УզʲôҺ޹ء
΢΢û£ֻ˸ۡ
˼䣬ͽǷݡһɱƻ
Ƹľȥľ̸
ľͬӣҲ
仰
뿪СԺӣӳдһ룬ŰŽ۵ҩ֪ʶ
ѵĵڶʮ죬ɳ˯ΪԪҲڻۣ
ӳ˵µʱɫмֹŹ֣ʵŶû˯졣
üָԼ
ӳҭסߺߵҲָ㣡ʦ򣡡
ڸһȷû󣬽ˣ۸ӳ
ڽ˵ѵƽһ졣
෴Ҵլưӿ
ǳӡ
һ˫˳΢Цۣë˫
Ӳʵ͸ͦ絶ıֻŮԡ
ôһλЦԣʱڳ׵ĵУ΢ЦŴƻ𹩷λȡһѳ
קڵأ˵߻̶Ĵİĵյ졣
ҡ
󸹱̱ڵϣ֫ؽڴǰѪֻһͷܶ
ɪżʹ£ٵĴϢ١
ͣǰȻ΢ЦǶõǳǳ˵Ļȴѩ
ἫᣬǳǳƮ˶ߣ㣬Ū˪
ûС˳鴤һ£ʵĲֻ֪뿪һ˪Ͳˡ
ڸߣЦѣȥɱ׻ɫ˲ɷף߶£һ仰Ҳ˵

ƮƮ̾һϧȥ˪ɡ
䣬ϡһڵ档
˾ּУǳȴתһҽн˰Ƥǣǧ١
¼еɳƴ̶ʹĵתһſȥһȡŲȾ˳ָᡣ
ôŻֻպϡ
һ˹һӰӣϢ
̧ѯʣǱ߿·Ը
ɲɽӲû
һ쳤ʱɻع飬ӽ١ؼڶ֧ڿá׷ɱڣѰ׻
л˵
ʱ٣´˾飬ܽһĿǰΪֹĿӣ
1Ĵ֮һûκϣٹء
2ħһɣǸĸãвɽ׷ɱĿħ޳ڡ
3ǲݿסˣԭȲˡ
ϵδ͸Ǹ޼
4ؼ֧ϵḱ᳤ڻңƵʦ𣩵Ĵӣǰֻᵽûйīĳ
5˪С׻ּһڱС׻ȥħŵˡ
Ŭոҷģ


93 Ԯ
޼½Ĵ塢ɣšţһһɽвɽһҰҰƽԭ
ĴָרԪߵĹۼ, µĳ¼ңһƬҩﶾֵۼңԼԦȦޡʥ޵ҡ
˽֪ľַش֮, ĴһʱԼˣܾڴ½һǡ
˭Ҳ֪ĴеǱˣ˸˾޴Ĵۡ
һǼѡ
һȺδҵ˷ġȻ塣
ǴҵĲط, ҿڶħ֮ӡ
֮, һ겻񡣶½һڵаħ֯һȺʳ⡢Ѫħ
а֮˻Щӡħ֮ǰûײС
ڴ, ڻⲽ뿪ع
õʱںڰ, Щᷳɨա
Ƭ̺һɡҴܹ
ѾⲻԸŵɫɷףæͷ˫ַɡݸ
ڽӹɡ̫ҫۺ, º͵üۼӡż, ϢҲѹڶɢĲá
ɡ˱ѹô, ˫ͨ죬һƬѪ
еԼĲ, һ޷̬۵, Ѿʹԡ
ֻм˲, һӡһʱ
ʹ, ֻʹ
جج, ³ʹҲܲĴڣȫڵأʹȴҷһʹ
¹ʧͽõջԪº͵´οɱˡ
ڵԴһ̯ڵϡ
ǰѪһƬȻԺؿ뿪ıӰ
ں⣬ܰյһǴĹâͬ޼½Щһý
һҫ۵̫ƽջߣЦݡ
ھһɡټĳлС
ֱ߲ʱ·ڳдףӿַǷ
ҵѲӣӸӣɤӺã
ºͺ͵ǣãǲϢһ𣿡
ˬһЦϢϢۣ
򴽣ȰϢһɣΪء

ҡͷĿ¶м̫̫ȥЪţԷҸٷɣ
һЦ㶼ϢôܵأùˣҾǵˡ
˵תȥһŵıӰ
ԱŶӽ׵˿һĻʵոǵļ㣿
ޣϼһᲢۣȻԺڣڳǣǵļҲǵĳ
һֱڳн׵ɵĵͷûгڻҰƽԭȥһȫЪŵذ
ͷͬЩ޵ĻոʵڨڨӣҵĴҵĴ
ӽذͷҸ˵ۼǾһһĺǾ̣ÿһ˶˺ӣ
ԶæµĵǷ׷̧ͷͬ⣡
ԣõ
ѾԶ
վһƬ£źɫĹâ
ڻһ˷
޴ˣǡʵرۣü䣬ëشЦԽ͡
һ䣬ոʧڴ³֣
ûۣ΢΢ͷЦʣˣ
ڴɽӲеһǰӭ˪կһؼ֧ϵڶ˪ӳѰҰ׻ձ׻ȥ塣ϲ˪Ѿ׹ħš
ħŰڻۣ峺͸żֺӰ棬ȥ𣿡
ڴδܸţսչأʼ׼ҳ֮£׼С
ȤЦݣ֪㲻˼Ͳ
ڴ˲δ˵һϵл΢΢ס
˸ɡĵૣ׻ؼҡ硭
ͷ˼һ£ִ̧˵ļ򣺡Ҳ
˻еػش𣺡˵
գգۣҲ顪
Ⱥ纷ûӣؼҷ֧ץˣ˪档
Ȼسһ˵һϵУϸһ飬˵ܲʲôϲء
֪뵽ʲôЦۣõ
˻عȻԭʧ

һԺسһס죬ݺݴһ硣
ӳԱ߳üŪۣɣҾ˵ʦһֱ߶㣬У
ޱطֻܺˣ̫ࡣ
ӳ򽭳ͽһڣȷⰬǬ𣿡
ͷȻ󲹳ѾڻҰƽԭˣƽϾ͵
һһһĲӷҰһ죬ؿʼֻؿû˸˵һʦͽˣ
ԣӳƵ򽭳жͬһֿϷ졣
Ƿ·˵ǰ׽ףʲôʱѵ
ĬĬƿߣֻû
ĵģľͭɤӾ
ҵԮˣҪ
ҵԮ
̸Цļ˲Ȥվ
ӷܵĴ˭˭ˣ
ľſڣȴ򽭳ûжЦݣżࡣ
΢ľ壬ҵԮ˭
ľϵƤɫŹţʢϡϻСơ
ÿһ֣ӳ˵ɫһ䡣
ӷ߬ȭָǿ֨죬ơȻһ
ൣǵ򽭳
˵ע£ȴЦһƵڳţҲûԸҵĻˮͲµˡ
ľšü
Ļҡͷľ壬ǲ˭ҵĸĸ
Щʦ۰ظ
ԣʢһ֮֮ͷϵϵ֮޹ϸˡ
ƮƮ˵Լ뷨ЩΪ޹޹ְ𡣶ŸҵԴṬѾȫȻ塣Ҫ˵һȱʲôûгҲǻҵʦ۰أ޹ء룬еزһ䣺ҾʦҲٻˡ
䣬ľͬصͷƲ۰ؾͲȥţɩȰѭڰţЭô˵ˣۼҵʱƵ֮
˵ŵۣŵ򽭳
ԣҲǾ̾ۼҵء
ȴ΢΢˸
Ȼ뵽Щ۰ˮ쳣ʧĬûнӻ
ü֪˼ʲôľ˶٣Ĭתƻ⣺ȻǶȤǾһȥɡ˶ˣǾվҴլſڣĵģƴúܡ
л˵



94 ŭĽʢ
ʮǰһṬ, ڴ½ϵžͳֱһгԽɵͷ
Ṭٶ࣬Ҳֻǻӻ, ԰ǰȥʢź󣬺ֻųϱû˿ΣС
һṬͷǽŵ, ûӦˮƽһ, Ȼ±ߴǡ
ȼɵĳ̬
α֮ʮ֮ǰ̫ڶӶʮֲģ粨һǨŭ, ΪʱΪȴֻ˳ˣû˿ʶ
Щ۶ǽ뿪źŴġ
ҽǰ˳׼, Щڵϵá벻м
ʱһֱ͵͵ǽһһԹͻֹͣ
ֱԼĶȫ󣬽һֱ޶ԵģͰ嫲һ, żЦ, ȥûнЩŵӵĻڶ
ӳӷ
ӷ̣ûס, ߷߲ƽһȺ۸ֵ͵ļһҪʱ, ˣ
޼½һʢ䲻ƽ, źŶ׷ɱüվ, һڶûĵ, ʲôȥ½а壿
ӳͬͷ,һǵһʱﵤĵҩǣŵĶԶս屶Ƹƺͱĵҩ
ľǰ棬ңңغЦһ䣺ϮƵı׶ˣʢŵس綼ֲŸߵȼֵͷֻ·
ϾйʮɹУͬǵĻòۣǡ
˵Ƕŵ۲̫ãȷʵɽϵλãʢŵ˹²ǸҶ˲ӡ
֪߯߯ƽҲֻլȥ·ֹ˼䡣
ҴլſڣһҵվſڣżͷҰ׵ˡ
ЩˣľüͷһѼǶˣ湻󡣡
ԣ˳߿ȥȻ󿴵˼ˡ
ǰںһˣԼ츳ڵĲӡ
һɨȥԼĪʮˣĴ󣬸΢Цż
ɨһ󣬺һˣɻʱأ
֣ľһ㶣ȻŷӦ˵Ķӣϴλ˫ŲзԴ𣬲Ϊͣˣ΢˵ļ㿴ᷳڻǽʱƫԺˡ
΢΢ü㲻Ǻ۰𣿡
ʱ֮Уʱݺư¶ʱƶȻ󱻽ʢ˫/ȡ
ЩѻûʱˣһʵǳԤϣʱȻ䵽ز
ľʼ磺ǸЦ滢϶Լʱ൱ڷˣôܿʱӡ
˵ţһʮһű־һ󳤽ƿյ졣
ղע⵽Ľˣѹüһҫһ֮ǰ
ųת˲͵ʰñ飬ӭȥ
ʢ̤Ӹµɨ߾ͶϣһĨӲЦݣǰżӵЦݣþò
ʢһɨվں󷽴ͷʱЦԽʢš
ǿ̫ȱʦˣ
Ц棺ǵĹͣ
ʢ򢣬˳㿴ȥӭǵȺӴ󣬱߰صͷֻ߸˶ѣðڳô̡
Цֻǿ첽ǰԽʢУɲô˵Ըҽǵң
ʢһк⡣
̧ӳѲһȻǡǡײֵĽˡ
Ϥһ٣漴ѹüŭֱǣڲԵ򽭳ӣ֮Ȼ¶棿
һڼ˵߶׷Ų򽭳۾ƵһԵһ
̵ȹըˡ
͵򽭳һŭڵĽʢ֪Ǻ⡣
ʢһ£Ӧ˺һϡǵ뿪ǰ嫸ɵĺ¶
嫡
Ʈ촵Ŀڣӷ
ľͶߡ
ӭĿһװɵ˵ʲô
ʢҧгݣ㻹װ㡪
޲ȥ齭һȻЩ˵¶ɻеأҵһƷʯ»ûж⿪š
¶ûвֵʸֻͳܹ鲻ܹʢ¡
Ҫ˵
Ŷڽʢüɨ򽭳ɫиӣȻǰһͽʢ
֪˵ʲôʢʢŭƽϢֻضסȻ޺˦ɨ㣺·ɡ
ʢԸ˵źջߡ
Щ̽΢΢һЦȻ󵭶ԭأû˵
л˵
ڿʼʰš



95 ħⰬǬ
һü, ȥҲ޲˶֪ҡ
վһ࣬ؿ뿪, Ȼ͵ͷɫƶߡ
վĲֹľӷˣԼ֪ӳ
ԭһԲ
ȿֱ, ˼ֲ֪컹ɭ
ɨȥ, ֻһ۱㽫״̬ܾ۵ףȻ󵭵Ųߣ޲
׽ûع, ˭Ҳ֪ǰλһǰ׽˭Ҳ֪׽Ƶľ, ˮݵ֮ա
Ŀ⺬Щ֮״ӳһǰһڽǰص˻ȥ
ӳƲ˫һ, Ȼٵͷ, ڻźͺ⡣
ӳ˵ģֲ, ̲ؿڣӴⲻǵð׽ֱ׳Ͱ׽ŵ١𣿡
ֿ, Ц˵, 㲻ͱιǸǽҵͷĴҡײƭɡ
ӳɤŲС, ǰɺ޼һ, ʮ˳, ޲ðƸɹ߸һ
Ʊ棬˵Ŀ⣬ΧҲʶӳһզֱ˹ֱ㶵ضơ
졪
϶ʱյû/ۣͷ̧ҧƳ죡
ӳü쳤ϣ˵ʲôʲôˬˬͷ£ֻǰ鶼һŶ
ƾһöߵ½жߡŴˤжңĭӡ
֮׹جΣÿл㱣ȫáͷ̡
˫۳ѪӳǰֳһһӳŵЦݡ
ƶͷžǼըң䲻ȡ
ӳ

ӳɻͷ
һۣʾ⽭Լûأû¶
⸱᳤ˣǹȥɡ̧ӳլ档
ǰһӳҰ֮⣬ȻĬլ֮ߡ
򣿡ӳɻ̽ͷһֻɨµͷ͹ĵɼȧǡ
ŭҰޡ
ӳһ
ֻʣȻԶԶߡ
΢΢ɨһȦʾľǰߡ
ʱŵѾҴլûһ˷˶飬Į·ĮһĨҳ顣
ܲ඼ЩɢɢˣǱɨһۺʶصͷȻҴ뿪ٿǰ֮¡
ټҴլǰȺɲǼɢ״ָѵһ̬֮
Ʒ·ԭأҽѪ䶼ȾȵĻ
һ߻ħħջߣҪ𣿡

ڳӺ
ڳе̵Ķ
ڱʢʧӺЩӡ

ֻǼ򵥵һ仰͵ЩڵĴ
ֻǶԱƵľȡЩӻǱݺǱһһļĽ
Ƽҧ˴СоǺصѪζ
ջߣƽǰȥ
ڽʱƲƵɤ˵ǲǺܸˣ
͵ת˫۳Ѫԭ޿ɾҩҸ㣬ҲǿһٱͶû취ǷһţһŹ
Ʒһڴլſڽк˻ּʮ
ţƽЩ
ûнӳקԶӳվһ࣬һĻ۵ס
ʶšüȻײ˽ƽγ
ӳӵؿڣŵķ𣿡
û裬ҲԶˣƾҴȽ֮ɡ
ľȲ֪ļ˶һۣ
ҴȺ󣬽׽ı־߻Ȼع⣬Ҳһ
ƲŰ׽˱ꡢƶǷĽ
೤̾һǽӣƻեƵһѪŰݰɡ
ľ֪ԣصͷʾͬʮĶӶοֻѪԵϵİ·ӡ
ӷزһ죺һ£ûģ
ʼ磬ÿɷ
˵һȦۣԶ/Ͷ󣬵ܽһ䣺ɺ޿ɱⰬǬˣɡ
ⰬǬˡ
һ·ķɳͻҳС

ͷһн󣬽˲ſں
ӷ̧۾ɻ⳵⸱᳤ô
ⰬǬͷŷ˿һǴгеƣǰӵȱһɣ
˶һۣĬӵĿȷԡ
ӳգգۣһ뷨ð˳ġ˰ɣ
°ͣȻ̧ײһ½Ҳλʦˡ

رֱü䣬żֻšڴ
һٴеģʧЦȻɴ̤ǰɳ۶ȥ
Ұһǰһһм۶ٶȼ졣
ӯ䣬ƮǰĳԱߣ̧ߵš
Ӧ䣬̽ͷԳһϤݡ
Ⱜ֡
Ⱜ̧侲һۣ˫һһЦĶ
˭棿
ⰬǬæ£Ⱜߣ̽ͷ⿴һ۾Ͷ˽ЦЦ
ⰬǬ޸צӣЦݵӴþò׼ʱɣ
ü׼ʱ׼ʱʲô˼˭ˣ
ⰬǬӣ޹¹ԼҪģ
΢Цʵ
ⰬǬƮʲôʦ㡢ʦҡޣйǧ¡Сѡǧ˵ԴܾͷҪǸӳæǸֵġ
һ־Ϳʼͷۣﻹ𣿡
һģ±˲֪ǡ׽
ⰬǬӣСȰȣĲ°Լںģʲô֪
࣬ࡣ
ⰬǬװɵ
л˵
ֲ
Դ齫ˣ


96 ҴԤ
, ٽƱԭҵ˽ߣҴլſڿյֻʣ˺ͣµ
û˹עĽⰬǬδ
һֵӼݳֲ, ڶʱֺͻ࣬ǹǧ¡кͳˡ
ҩ˴ǾþӲڲ֪ľѹûϳڶ
ֱӳ۾һ໡һȥſ˫鱧һ»ʱ,ʦʦ㣡ˣ
껹ͷкʦ򣡿ѽ
ʱЦǳ, ̧ӳĴͷȻ̧, ϡɼЦŵļСӡ

Ŷ
һӲȻ, ûиʦ㣿
֮ǰҲȷ᲻Ӧ˭û˵
ͬ򣺡ʦһ·ߺá

ʱԶ΢Ц
ӲͷƤǰȥͷüҴһ
Ҳʱֺļұֳ, ӳȥСʦʦ㡹ʱ, ľ˱Ȼ˲ȷ˵ݡ
ȷݵһ, ľ͵򽭳ͫ׺, Ȼ󻺻ɿ, żֲŵ𾪡
ľķӦ, ȻһЦ, ʳָڴǰ
ʾֳĬ
Ҳʾ, ²ȷ
ľջߣ̾һϲǡ
ݡ
ˣһһɡ
һŵ֣һҲżλмݵѹżĬϲ
ʱû˵ʲôֱСԺӣȻԼҹҹоĻԭ
ʱֺͻʱⰬǬ˾֪ˣĴŶӣһҴլ·ǰͦأǰһѡʱתۼţ챸սʱʧ
Ҵȣʼ
ȿʼĵ죬Ĵϵͳһլſڣһδȵʤ˳С
ңҶһ
ſٸ߹ͨ뵽̨ء
ҴڲսҲ⿪ţڳЪϢ˺ǣѶҲµĹսϯһա
սڹսϯ棬ϯλԲνм̨סһҴȵĲҰܣһֻб߽߱ǽǵϢǿ²սӡ
һڲȣڶԴܱƴһѾϱңɸġ
ڶԴܱƴֻиʱ޸ġ
ȿʼ֮ǰһӼڽ깴λʮƫƧȫٷ֮ʮĴߡ
һΪƵİԾ֮ǰġӡء˵
ټϽЩǳֻһת˶˽١
˺濴Ϊ޵ߴ
ЩΪ޵߼һ𣬾ǿȵĺͳ⡣
˵һӶܵһǵһһȥͦǰһվѽʵʵ
һһ۲Ա߼ҳսĵʵعŷһǵĬʧЦڣվŲ𣿻ȥЪǳӲս
ǰľŶǩԼͦţģǲʧģ
Ŷ־ԪӤʥޣĺȻǳɳ׼ʥޣ׼ʥǩԼԶȽķḻ
ڳŶǩԼĵǣԭߵȼףѾסŽףȼ͵ĵҲﵽ׵ķֽߣǻսŶӵ֡
ʥؼһļӳ£ȫԶԿڵߡ
ȻɼǩԼĵӣɼ޵ȼŶߣԵͣձĽҡ
Ը񶼱Ƚϳȣֹǿǹ滮ĶλǸ֣һΪλָӡ
սĵʮȴʮ⣬ŻĴ̿ҥԼ
嫡
Ϣһһ۽ٿһվԡɢǽԼָ׵İ嫡
״ӡ
Ȼȥ仹Ҫ󡭡
е̧ǡǡײһߡ
΢΢һЦʮơ
͵ĵǺش˸ջߣٿ
ɻգգۣȻ򽭳Һܿ𣿡
ڹ۲ٳ볡Ի񣬡ţ˵ʲô
Ʋ죺˵ҳúܿһһҡ
ѵջߣտϸϸ´һۡ
嫰°ͣü裬Ž
ſţȻЦһ
嫣
Ա߲һ㣬ЦھֳҪߣëСè䣬ҡβɲɰһ
嫣
һײһӣ켫󣬻ľĿ¶ɻ
㡪ߵصɽƲԴһ
û䣬Ťͷ͵ȻײϽζЦݣץ˸š
嫺һͣŭߣӣһƨȥ
ЦеŲߣˡ
ľ㿴ңҿ㣬Ƕͷԣһ¡
֪ݵ΢飬鸴ӡ
֮£Ҳͽô׼ް׻˰ɡ
Ͱ˼ٻͷȥʱλֻ˵Ѿڿʼ
ϯЩֵ볡¶˷ܡ
ǵСŷԶԶ󣬽һ
Ǿһûģء
أָһѽ
սȺ棬ͷýɫƮꡣ

볡ӵĴŴ缸һģһ˳˵ָǰȥ䵽һϡ
У̧ͷ
һ
ڡ
˸նӣ᳡ȴһ𣬶һ
ڿƮ΢٣˼ѲһȦܸеڿȴҲոĸо
ջߺ󣬻ۣ﷭𾪡
һԵİʶֱͦɫŹ֡򽭳ǸڣҲǸħޣû´ĻԼҲǸ׼ʥޡ
׻үޣ׼ʥޣĿǰ𲻴󡭡
ǳǳһ૵޼½ǲ̫ƽš
л˵



97 Ҵ
Ӻܿϯ, ҲʧеС
һλҲпܳ޺󣬰嫱ʾܴ̯ϲͣⲻ԰, ֻһֻ׼ް
ˣкʣĻҲ׼𣿡
룬ش԰һĿռ䣬뱻Լ, һֱܳ, ʵǱļ
һԼߣ𣿡
ᵽһ, 嫺Ȼոյһɨ, ţ߳
ħţ
ԣƲƲ죬ҳһʱ͵˵ħ, ųԸ, ȥŻ鵽ĵ
һڲ֪ٴδӰħšĸ֣÷, ʵʲôĺʱ䡣
ǿԼģһλϡ
嫵ֹÿȥҲ졣
Ƭ, վյ, Ȼľ֣ľ˵һ, ҷֲ˭˭, Ҹö˭
ľڿս, ͽڲŷĸˡ
ӽսõֿʼľıͲ̫ÿ֪Цӡ
˳Ű嫵ʵôˣǶս𣿡
ľľ̳ɵĶսԲ²Ķ˭
΢΢üҲ£
ԱߵӷΧ棺˭ҲʶҵĵӰɡ
ľľ˶٣֪뵽ʲôɫԹŹ
嫴ԱߴչһֱӵҼʦʶˣʶˣˡǰ˰ɣ
һ20µӳսƺͽͬ꣬ǰˣһжܶϡ
ľֳ飬ͽ²۵ˣƣ˭
֣ӷֱӿ˲ͬ
ľЦһľϣġžȻ󳰵Ҳ֪ʲôۻ˽ʢɿڣҹƶųˣȻһžҪҵˡ
üͷšСɽ̧һԼֲڵĺף㲻ףزˣƻ£
̧˵˾䣺ΪҲʲôûˡ
ľͷ֮ͬǰ͵ȡ׽ʦĵ˳ˮѾһҪţϢضûˣǿɥ֮Ȯ޴ȥ
ľ˵⻰ʱ񲻶򽭳żָп
Ҳ׷׿˹򽭳ʱԺȻŤͷҷصĺͬ顣
⶯ɣɲС
ͷһۣȻЦõֲֻһ֣ȫƿʲô𣿡
䡣
ľͬһߺŷľһˡϰ˽ף߽סǡţˣ֮ǰû˵
ϸϸһۣȻһף˻Ǹ
ľֹһ䣬Ȼ̧ͷȻǧǵˣһ̫жԡ
վһĬĬطۣͬһλ׼ʥ޲ܹ棡ǳǶ֣
ۣ֪֪ˡ
սֻ͵ȼϢľʼڶʮʮĶս
ңв裬𵤰˽ףǣ˽ʮɣҲ
ľ߿Ȼ󷭣Ҷϰף࣬Ľס߹ġڣԪӤסӷҲ߸˰ɡ
ԪӤ׵ĵȼһڳһӵüĶ
䡣
ǰɲǰɲǰɣֻôã嫺źͽӦиʮӰɣôԪӤףԼһöûϡ
ԶԶĵط̧°ͣĪðһͷ嫡
ţ
˶٣ܸоǩĲǱԼ
嫣
һڷ񶨣ܣûĸ׼񼶵ʥ޻ǩūԼңǿǩԼһѡԱ
ҡҡͷڷĿ⻺䣺ֻǸоˣ벻ǣٿ嫳Ĭ
ֱ֮ǰЧֹһΣ٣ȷǰٷ֮١
嫻šüǾò̫ܡ
ʱľѾѵһڶĳսһ飬˲ϱĻս⣬Ķˡ
ľ磺Ҳһ̨ʤġ
͵ػ̽ͷսҲȵģ
ľգգۣһ£Ϊѵͻսȵģǵڶ컹Ӯֲǡ
嫣
嫷һۣǿһ㣬Ȼôҡ
ľھս̾аգҲ֪ǱҪʲô۶ӣСΪϰɡ
ʱʱѽ磬볡µ̨ɻе̨𣬳˵֮С
ֳ̨˲䰲ϵĸмĴ̨
վľ󣬾¿ȥ
Цݳ̨м䣬շЦݣڽУԶ˼
ǲûиܵ˷ıߣ̨м䣬ЦеĹȡ
һĴȣĽһεȨսЦſڣ˫ѹڹϣȫԪӡ
һ£ĵģһȦߴһڽ뵽򣬶ס
żֿ죬ֺǺǵЦ滰ˣҽͲ߶ҵĵӣǴ˷ĿˣӭⳡȣΪҼ֤һȨߵĵ
̵˵йһң̨ײӵ졣˶޻ص
ߺһҴȣʽʼ
һսȣ
㱣ƣգԼڿתһȦܵĿȫ۵ס
仰Ĵ˶˶١
ӷšüľֹ֮ǰǴ20µĵӿʼôֱϻսˣ
ľͬšü
սӵᱻ¼ڶսУʾµ̨ǰһ̣Ըġû֪ɳʲôˣҲû֪һʲôƣǸääľ֡
ľ򽭳Ȼ嫣ɫ֮ǰֱ˳ҪСġ
˸УƳɣһսӮҴӮӮҾͱǵľ԰ȫ
⻰ţ˵һǶ鴤һ£սļԼ㿴ңҿ㣬ĬĬͷ
ңǼѵֻ档
˲֪λүҲ˵ֻ˻𡪡
ôǸ
˵ţûȥ
ֳ̧ǰλΣģŶè»ƣЦǳȥɣʤȡ
嫺һǶҵĲΣ
˵꣬ǰһˣ۳žҪԼƸ̨
ʱ򣬸յȣڣڶ20²ߣ볡
ͬʱԱߵĿյشһС̨Ķ̨ͣһࡣ
ͣ2030αߣ볡
ĳ3050ߣ볡
һĸ̨һС״ȵڳ֮С
ֳһš
ۣջ̧ĳȣ¿Ǹأ
ľ˼ǰɫ
ȫļžٴһЦΪӴȵĿɿԺͼԣҾĳͬʱУڸ̨һССĻڡ
ڣλαߣ볡ɡϵЦԽԽڽбд޾ı
ľŤͷ򽭳üͷѯʾ⡣
һۣв޲ֻջ߻ǰࡣ
ŤŤӣľһ֣潭ľ壬뻢Ѩɵûӣ¶
˵꣬һ̤ϷѾµĽֱ̨

ľضţҲֻεӷ˸ϡ
һ˴ͷ༸ԥĵӾʹ˾񣬷׷׶һۣȻ볡
һһĵ䵽̨ϣתۼ䣬ĸ̨ϾվˣǾеĴֲ̨ӡ
Ĵĵӽ볡üëһڲסЦݺơ
ȣҴȡڿʼ
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98 һɹ̨
ҴȹͻȻ, Ȼûκ֪ͨ˵ɫôÿ
α߶˳, ˣʹٶĲҲֻšͬһʱ䣬Ĵ̨ѡֽѾ
һʮˣľ̨, мǰ, м࣬ӷҲࡣ
̨Ϊ30ϲߡ
ľ̨༸ӰҲ¡
ŤͷһҶ˼ҴȵϤ, ȤƲߡ
ΪΣ37, ԪӤߣҲµСӡ
Ըƫ䣬ϲƧֳϣʵû˴ﵽԪӤȼҴҲֻѹŲϳ
֮ܶ, ʹġ
ľԾҵ˺ʵӪ, Ųһվ, ˫ֱأٲȻһֵɫ
Ƴһ, ô, һҲǴո
ϰĮ̬, ľ˸, Ȥû, Ҫ飬Ҿòˡ
κǳ˭ģ
ڣľдһͣסǳġ
м̨ۣζˣǰÿɳ˸ͷ
˵ǽñҡ顣
ľ˳ǣɫ侲Һǧһ
Ƴһۣƺţñȵۣ
ľšüﰡ㣿û¶Ϲ˵һʻˮƽʱûô໰
ԣȴ̧Ժӳȥ
ƵɩһλԺҵˣЩ飬ܱܿܿġ
ļ̌ԶΣ߶߶
ʵû˵ľҲ֪˼Ҳ߲ơ
ľ̾һԱߵ̨ѭŵڶ̨ķҽӰ
ڶ̨мǰС̨Ϊ20²ߡ
˵Сֻ̨Ƕں󷽽ʮ˵Ļս̨ԵСڳսֻˣվ̨УԶԶظնӡ
һ̨ϣվŽơϰ񣬻Ȼ
̨̨һ̿ʼоֻнͲ߶
ȴ޲ֻĵȻ˼ۺ˼ش
16Ľһס
ὭȳѰļȻȼԺŵᲢۣЩȻҲһһĵӡ
ȥȻڣͬšԣڽ׷ʲôŻӳ췭ظı仯
̧°ͣԱ̨ڵıӰ̵ջߣȻ
˼ùרע䵽оǲмԼֵı顣

򵥵ڴбƳǰƽһԪըϯڽ𵤶׵ѹ
̨Ͳƽ˰յԪԭؽֵ༸˲
ڳϰֻ˽ף߽ף츳ߵȻҲǽһסӴڸ߽׵ѹʶ˼Ÿص̨Եʮ־
Ԫִַӣ˿ռ֮Ľعвơ
ȵĺͣһ˲ȻɭȻŹֵЦݡ
ֿ죬ɭɭ˵ˣһӣֻ䱻Ҳţݺݣš
䡪
һ˲ڽ𵤶׵ѹˮ͵ӿ˹ֱֱѹ򽭳
ԼѵĽ𵤶ѹֻգһۡ
ƵԪ𽥽ûڱԵüʶ㿪
һãһվԼǰˣýѡ
һߵϰֱֱۣϲ
Ȼ΢΢۾ܴʱҫźĹâ
˵ʱʱ죬ǵһսŽǵ̨˲ֱӵȼڳ˵
ȡҡ׷ӵĸˢˢɨ
˵Ŀ£Ȼ
ۼŷŵɫâԪѹҪײϽЦԽԽƤƲסŤ
֮䶼ֻǷһ˲䣬ƮƮɨȫ󣬽Ϊüëȥ
ȻԪ˹Ŀ¡
룬ǰһӭŵɫѹ

ƵЦݻûг𣬾ͽϡ
ŵɫѹײȥײƮƮһײѹȻǰһɨơ
ԪѹˣѿĴǶʱס
ԭأзӦ
סĲֹƣˣƮڿе㣬Щδʼƴ̨
̧䣬߻ҳǰġ
ƣȻڣһһ䣬ضסΪ㻹ֻн𵤶׵ʵһǰǽ𵤶ףڻǽ𵤶ףԼܲ𣿡
˵һ߱ƽƣûԪȴϢ
ͫת˲ѾŴ󵽻ɢ촽ڶ£ȴ飬̨ϵûиܵ˿ĲԾ
ڿʼȻ
ǣ֪18Ľ𵤶ζʲô𣿣
Žһ仰һƬڡ
Ƕ˵ƵĴҲ֪Ƶ츳ڸǾý⻰ֻơ
̶ĺЦͲмڹмдһЩü˼Ͱд
̨м䣬š
ƺվ촽ĶѾۿɼ
ֱð׺Ȼֲźٵľ֡
ǡ
ԪӤڣ
ƿ־嵽Уȴһ仰Ҳ
Դģ·ֻصҩҴݵ졣
ʢϻؿջȻÿռ֮ĥһһ/ҹĥܣĸԸĸԸڽʢǰ̤һϡ
ǽʢ
˼ʦһغ־ϲĵ
нڼûпԪĿռ޷޷۱۶Ǻڰ
ʧȥһĶ/ʹϢûֱʢ󷢴ȱͷš
ӱһ̿ʼƾ֪ԼѾˡ
ҷԼƴȫһȥİӣجج뵽
ǸƻٵΪϳңϳŵĽ
Դֻ֪صҺڴ˾񣬻ָе֡
ʢˣҪμҴȡ
ȼ˵Ĺâɣ֪Ѿˡ

𵤶׶ԪӤ߽ףǹһˮټɽ֮
ԸƣƮƮһƾ̨ܰȥѾħסü֣ûջؿռ֮
̧һӣ͸ĿռУȻȥ
ȫ̴㶣ûκηӦʬһ̨Եһ
졪
ûǴĻѾ𵤶˰ɡ
ǡ˭һƾͰˣ
̨ϲ˺޲վֺۣ죬һɤʣֳ֡
˿ֻͨͨһƣֻнڴԲԪӤϵǿ߲ſ׷ʲô
ʢԹϯϻȻŵмƫǰС̨һʱ䣬ͷĵ׻
еĶһֱڿǸ̨һȥȻʢ
ʢȻ̧һֱֻţĻĿƣҴȽ׼ȥ
ǡ
18ԪӤҲϡ֮λɡ
죬üšСɽƵƣȴƼʢ־ıεûȰ
Դվ̨ʼûҴš
ڰѾԪӤڴԲȻֻԪӤ߽׵ʵѾ˿ռ֮˿ռ䷨
ռ䷨Ƕڻǿߵղʹÿռ֮ԪӤߣ½ƶѰһ
Ƕϸ߽׻ǿߣƴȫҵҲһս
˼ˣһΣ³ٻ̧˳ŹϯɨһȦϯǧǧ棬۵ס
вдκֻƹ̷䡣
ĹϯĪЩɤӺˣû䣬ͻţȴʶ
ֻһЩ֪ǺԭڰصۣһֵλãȤصתĿ⣬̨
ջ̨ˣϰɵԭء
գһ۾СĺͽϺתϰ
Ȼվԭص˫Բ۾˼һȻҲתϰ
ʲô
һ仰û˵꣬ȻѾְϰ̨һһУѵѷ
̨ϰεػͷ̨ŭ
ûʲôˣϯϵ˴ͨ죬ûٴȥֻú޺޶ţת뿪ˡ
̨ϣȻһһеĴ˲˼سų̛
ƽʱûʲôʱȴĬһ̨򣬱ȥҪһǸ
мǰС̨ϣĬĬŹֵһĻ
һĻòײŻָĹϯ䡹һֿ˻ԶԲСĬﻰ
ߣ
ֱȥ
һ£Ҵһ£ãԣ

վճĮ̇ϣͷֱðһһףһ߽ףǲݵеˣ
ôĽ𵤶һеĹ򣿣ݵôƾУ
ȻܵĶһ٣ǶһۣȻͷ
һ˲߽׵ƣһ׵Ȼͣ¶˽һ˳ʹһͬʱԼͳһСС̨
뿪̨ʧܡ
С̨Ĳһ飬һɫľָ򽭳20̨һʤ
ڹĬȻǡ
սʤĽ
ûסԭط˸ۣһǿߵƻһɶ
ûսļ̨ϵһӣ⡣
̫ˡ
һûסһЦ
ԱߵӵļЦûֱһһټ̨дһ
Ťͷס嫡
Լ˫ͨ嫱һֹסЦķһǡҳѽ
һ£̨Ͽʼɹע
л˵



99 ҴȻս
м̨, ̨ڷӦ֪ʼԡ
һ̨, ҷ·𱣳ͳһĬ
һһ壬ҺͶ棬ǿȫȻˡ
ս̨ϣҲż, ڻûбǣսȦ, һ侲ս
һӹյվһԺһת, һӾԪȻˮ, ҺͶϡ
һͨϣս̨̱üɹ
ھʣ̨սĵŤͷǰŲ̨ˣ, ǺͰ΢Цһ¡
, µתȻ嵽ºӳ, С̽ͷٺһЦ
Ȼ̧ͷ, 彭գһ۾, ̵ת, صĲϯ
ĲϯһƬƽ, ϵȻ, һ˵ЦûʲôӦ
ֵģϷġ
̨Ҳڴ֮С
Ψһĵطǽ
ѾòӶˡ
ۼų̛Եһ㶼ﲻЦݵ׷׵ͷ˵
㶢סغ£ԼȻɨ30̨
ֻһۣȴĪƽ˿ոյŭɫ
ȥмǰ̨̨ݱ
ľŴһ裬漴̧𵶱һңӲƵսȦ֮⡣
γһ±۵߹ǣ̧ľ
ľŴµǰ壬Ӳһ̨֮սȦһΨѻλԼ
ҺͶûǣֻź
ս֮ǰᡣ
47ԪӤףԸλȨڣԼǰ
˵սһ־;ˡ
ԪӤŽף
ʱ䣬ףԪӤڵף
ʲô
ƽԪӤڵ߿궼һף
һĻʱ۽Ƕ˲ƽ˲
ͷȻĶ
̨ϣǰźύֵľֱӾ°ͣȻĬĬԼͻƳս
ԪӤŽ׵ĸ֣ɫδ䡣
ѽʮ䣬ԭȼߵߣڱӲףȴƽͶֹᡣ
˵Ϲƣᴹ˫ֻǰػһԲ
˿ͷԡ
˶٣漴һȼ˼־档
⣬ǿռ֮
ǰһƬԪд󲿷Ϊã˽Ƭ򣬱ֻ·һ
ֻǸոճǿأɫͱ䣬ŵᡣ
ϣڷô˽꣬˭Դ˵ɫ
ǳǳüȾżְ˪
Ѿǰοռסأγһۿɼ͸У̺ըһԪӤߵԪ
ɫỺ̾Ϣұǡ
գԱ̨ɨһۣȻ˫һѹ
׽ߣ˳Ŷ˼Ա߿ǡÿ̨ıӰ

һĽк˵˻
΢٣ͷ壬ֻ˫䡣
ʹֹȴռ֮ס޷
Ỻ֣̾һ
Сھ絴ʧӰ١
һĻľͻζһۣڶԷ￴Ũľ衣
һ̨粨δƽһ̨粨
ս̨ϣһԹۣҥŽȺ￴ǵǣǽ
嫾ˣһӴ̨Ϻֲܣ˵Ҫҥһԣæ
̨Ա߼̨һޡ
һӶߣԶսҺͶ׷Ӵ
һԶɲ·磬ڳӦ䣬ܻˮϵؽһǣսȦ
ۼսһβһӣҥһԽĲˣ㲻𣿡
кˣһҥ
ι
ҥһȻҵӵԪǡǡɴǰҹ׼ع˼ͷ
ͷƮƮ£ҥסǼļ˿ͷӿ˼ֺ¡
һ㣬һ㡣
קҥֱۣСһԱ߳
һ仰䣬̵ضҥ˲֪ٵ
ҥվһȫλã嫵ǰƵƿЩԪ
˿ţҥԱ侲ɢһӣĬ£㲻ǵָ𣿡
Ҳѽġ۵ԪУеֻǵĽĥǵģ಻ҹܡ
ЩѵʱҥڣԲ֧Ĺɡ
嫺ظͣ㿴ǣҪǰæģúϢ
ҥڽ˿϶ȥ۲ս
ð嫵ĻɵԱһɨͼһӷǰκıεĶзɢټսΰ
ǿҵضܹʵһֱǰұͬľ롣
ҥ̿͵רҵ۹⿴һѡλýɹ˿أǰԿԼˡ
ҥڵ΢
嫺Цһױүѵж˰ɣ
ţ̧ͷȻԱ̨ĲгɤӺ2030̨ȣʤ
һɤӳæֳ˼ȥڵ̨еھ̾еڰԼոտ̨ȥˣôʵһĻ
ǵڶֳʤ̨̨ϵ̨߱վ̨ϡ
żȻһ磬࣬һ½󡢳ڡ
ڵָԶпյģ֪Щʲô
ոҲעս̨Żͷλˣŵ˼
2030̨ĲǶ֪֮ڵʵû¶ֿԣӷֻ̨˸ûȺڽ֣һ̨ͬ
ԶֻǼ򵥵һоͽҺͶĲ̨򵥵ûзӦǰķ羰ʹر䡣
صѹ30ĲɫˣصҲһ仰û˵
һ˵ˣҲûʣ𣿻ȥЪŰɡ
Ĳ߶ΪԼҪùѪͷˣû뵽Ȼ˺˵ҡͷʧػصλá
˶Ϊˣһͷûɫ
û˷֣㲻ı顣
ڶЦѾֿŶһơ
Զſ˼ȻƮƮɨҷ
ֻһۣջߣǳǳ
Ľëʱӭ⣬Լƽ
ˣֳ̨ʤ
̨ڻʤʱ΢΢ѹĿռ֮Ƭ̡
ܵԪɶɱʹҧأ۾гһ죬´Ķ
ڵ̨һ˲䣬ǸȻ
һתץסһ˲䣬Բʾ⡣
һȻԪر
Ǹףÿռ֮ѹǣɵһԶ֮¡
ȻԪһֲɽϵԪƺ󣬼ҪƵ̨Ե֮⡣
һвһ˲飬΢΢šü
ûϣٳᡣ
̤أת˲ͷɵ˿ŭ壺ԼɣҲˡ
Цһⶼȥôôʱ˰
üӡ
һ˲ԭ˲ʧֻһӰȻͻȻֳذףݺݴĺġ
̨Ϲעľصúð
ôٶȣǶ̿ͣɽ¶ˮһ̿ͣǳﻮá
˲һˣס
̨ϣü˺ľҪ˳𣿡
ľ˼һ˲ϵˡ
˭ңҲȥ©˳
һ£̧󳷣˲ͳ̨Ե
ν
̨е𣺡һľΣܡ
ǵ˳ûоʲôˮս̨ʣµɴȻ졣
һжû֣Ҳֻ뷽跨ûжĿģֹľ£ʱάƽ⡣
ս̨ϾҪ࣬˸ٴ˳ҺͶֶԸӣһһԻˮò̼
һӵĵȼˮƽվǲϼףټϰ嫺ҥԹۣˡҲֻһĹȻ
嫸ǼʱּܱͬĹһ󣬰ͷȻǰһ˳̨
̨Ѹս̨һӣܡ
ˣҴȵһֻʣ̨ͬҶҺͶǿҹơ
ǿֿҵĬͬ
Ƶ󣬽ǵڵͳһóö롣
֮ϣĽâ̫˸˵Ľɫɫʡ
ǳС
Ƕ
ǲݶ
л˵



100 
ҩʢǰ, ̻ᱻ̻ϮǲݶڻþŶԭ, ڱԶ磬Ψֻص̻ٶ
ҲǴǸʱʼע⵽ֺĶݣԥ, ɹٵĵս
ǲ, һֽɫζС䡣
ǲݵ֭Һһ˲þɥʧȣʹ˳˯лʧȥľ綾
ʵǲݶʱ, ڻⶾ
ǲڼ֮أ⼴, ȼúµָһ¶ݵ֦ҶҲڻһɲժʹ洢ܱ֤ݵĴ
ֶѵòժҲѵô洢
ǲݲӵļʺСֲݵĻѱ֤ǲݶ
ľĵʱҲǲݣľʾû, һֱΪֻǴ˵еĶ, û뵽ȻĴڡ
ʱⰬǬҲڣͬʾû
˼ʮͽûǲ, ڲ̶£ͳΡ
ö˸Ķ, ˼ת
ӵǶʯһ۷ֱĶ, ûǲ, ڼҴҲѹû͵Ϯ
Ǹ뵱ͨ, ûгȥһ, ̧һӾԪƿ
ʱۼȫԪֱϡ
ԪסֱӴ͸Ԫ
ֱϴʹ΢΢ֻɻһ˲Ȼעŵ弯۵Ԫϡ
ͬһʱ䣬ս̨ҲͬһĻ
СС뱻Ӻˣڳ˶һͬӵˡ
УֻнͨҲֻǲݵǡ
΢΢ü
ŵ˵ĵ˾ѵ뷨˼ɨڷȴȵط֣ڵǸϸ΢롣
ڣʶǲݶ
ۣȻʶ̫ʵʵ뷨
ʶǲݵˣʦǶʦ
ڣ̫ܡ
߹ԡ
ڷԻͷ΢ƽĿɨһȦͣڽϣ΢΢һ١
ڻ˲䣬ջߣµŲս̨ϣװɻ
˵ߣǡǡõڿн㣬ȻյԷѺ΢Ц
ЦջߣϲԣоȴǺݺ졣
ˡ
Σա
ҲǱ΢ЦջߣǴЦݺʧ
ŵЦձޱ飬˲һ
ڻһԼƽ
Ϥĸо
òϣţᱻ˵ˡ
гǰţֻһֽ
뵽츳һĨĺ׻Ȼع㡣
ûٹעǱߡ
ȷ֪ǲݣ֪ж
ֱ̨ϵӶʱڶûκηӦ
ȼߣȷֵ
岻ˣԻ롣
ǡ
˲Ժ˲ɴۣ뵽ոǸͨͨ룬
ǲݶἸǿƲס˯ٶۣ￪ʼָʽĻ档
ڻֻڵʱʼ
һһӿ˽
ɵƤϴժӣһ˳ܵǰغСԣ
ģ
ʮġʮһġʮġ
ֱڶʮꡣ
췭ظһжˣҲڣ͵ߣòֶΣѪ
֪壬֪Ǽٵģ¼õĳ̫
ƲסԼĶڽǰߣǰߡ
ССڻӳЦã޷׷䡢׷Ļ档
ʹЦһ
˳ӵض壬ǸõӰſ֡
͵͵ૣڡ
ԭ¡Լ
罥𣬴ɢǳǳૡ
ʹĻ԰Σ˿ѾƷסˡ
ս̨ϣӼͬʱɿִ̨
ȼǿỺ֡
Ŀǰ촽زţǷ˵ֿ־ܵģ
̨ǵȴãһ˵ֿ۾һ
ŻϣԪˮЮźɱᡣ
ǳɱȥģ
üȻһɨڡ
ۼԼҪɱȴ޶ԣĨɫԪ˼Цݣӭů˷䡣
Ŀ£廹ûôĵֱɱˡ
͡
ɫԪƫ뺽ֻǻļ
ʹϮ㱻ԼǰŵѪﴽЦ
Ⱥǫֱ̃Ӿɫľܣ
ͬһʱ䣬ԱߵĻս̨ҲڳʣӰܣ
ӳֺ̨ϵĶʮʶĸų֣ټ̨øҡ
ӺȻսܣٵӲε̨ԹϯĹڿһã
ǸأôͻȻˣ
ιιιҴȣôԵķˮ𣿣
üͷ壬ĽлϷҲҪݵúһɣֱӸڶҡ
֧߲ˣոһʤʱô˵⻰
ɲô˵һǸԪӤڵǿءһü˻ڣЦ⣬ڶԪӤڣ˲ɵ
ԪӤڣ
Ա߿ϷֻЦǽжʮ𣿡
ͬ䣬ҲŽ𵤶ףôܵԪӤڰ
ҵİü˫סֺֻǺǵ˵֮治У18ԪӤǿ߰Ҳеġ
һţܡ
˼Ҳǳ̵ǰյҿŰɣǿЩǿǿ
ֻԪӤϵ߲ܿռ֮
ͬΪԪӤߣֻܲԷĿռ֮
ֻٸһףߵɽڵǿߣܿǲǿռ֮
ǿռ䷨
Žڵķ򣬻ǵż־⡣
һɷǵģոĵŵ˶ɵضһۡ
ٴο˷ʱȴط֣ʧˡ

ϯϵ˿ûӰ쵽̨ƴ
ɱеû³ֱӲصսϯʱѹ
ϣԼһԷ߷߲ƽȻƣҡͷˣҵıˣȻȥŰɡ

뿪ĹϱӰֻջߣתȥչ˴ӻս̨ʮλӡ
һѣ̨ѹʱһƬľȻصսϯòŻ㱻ȴĪؽԼ̨ƣ
ԭ
Ҳ˵ȻһֻøոһΣͷԡ
Ĵ̨ıѾ
չڸҼΪ̨ʤ䷢ƣΪһ̨֣һ̨һ֡
ڱƴһ֣һ֡
ԭȵĹ㣬˭ûǴȿʼ֮ǰһ¡
ڸվԼ̨ϣ㡣
ĹϯҲ͵ǡĹ򡹡
̨ټĸ̨ȷ䡣
Ĵ̨ͳһǡԼٶзƶ
̨ƶٶȿ쵽ûзӦȻֱӾ£һƽ̨
ˣ̨ܶһ͸ĽʣԼԼطգۼͽ̨
һ̨棬ϡ
ûӰӡ
Ѿ㽺ܿһУоͿŲζ
ڣܵԪһƬռ֮С
Ӱꡣ
ڳ˱⾪ôֲ׷վ¿ȥ
ǰһ˾㵲ѣľվѸĺһĵ棬ɫࡣ
嫻ֱ塣
һ۵±ʵʵġ̨ջߣƳԲ˸߲ҵˣǳУ
ľδƽͻഫ˽ǿߵѹ
͵ػͷԼһˣ㱵ɸոһ˲Ρ
ո˭ľüʡ
һһ̨ͻȻľ⣬ľĵʶص嫰ͽܡôûˣȥˣ
ľǵӵߵһȦûҵ嫵Ӱ
ĵǸˣȥˣող죬ȥңһ֪ʲôȦף
ľüǵѹͷ֮ȥ
ոǸˣǰ嫣
˼ˣľ룬ѹ½ǺӷŵӳȥҰ嫡
л˵

ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģࣣ


101 
Ҵҵ뿪, ľԭأԲԾػոյѹ
ѹķΧСٴһ, ĵȫù£ɼʩѹ˵ľ׼ѿжǿ
ľ˼ת֪뵽ʲôͫ΢΢
ʱ, Զһٵĳ˼ľ, Ƿʲôļ̌ͷͼⰬǬһīڴӺȺмһĻлࡢʱ֡Ⱜּˡ
ǣⰬǬԼͷϺڲĺɫľ״, ľûס˾䣬𣿣
ⰬǬͱڲס, ˵Ҳģֱңҽ컹ǲ¶ȽϺá
ľһʱ䲻֪òⰬǬǰٷеֱˡ
ĬĬԱ߸ļˡ
ࡢʱ֡ⰬǬⰬ˱ǵ͵ĸ̨ΪһҲ˲ȥݣҴҵظϹ
ʶ, ⰬǬĪ
ⰬǬڰ, ľӰ, һӳʼտռ֮Է, ξ޴, ˯, ˯˾һĽʿռԼ
ľüͷֱ壺Ĺǣʲô취, Բ档
ⰬǬ˵̫, ԼЦɣƨ¶ûУǸ󸻹ܳµġ
ľһѵذߴ̨ջⰬǬĻ
ûôŵڣⰬǬµĶۺ˿һԵλϡ
ⰬǬûקʿ󣬺ضסҿһۣüľ壬ͽأԱôճôһƬӶû
˵¶ľֿʼ꣬嫸ող֪ȥˣҪĹͷҾֻ֣ӷȥˡ
ⰬǬܻܻգһۣȻɴֵˣҲġ
˵껹˾䣺ΪʲôҲ֪
ľ
ⰬǬ⼸ദһѾҪǱⰬǬϴԹ˲ˡ
ľޱŲۣŻȥһҪʲôԶ
Ⱜ֡ѾϰĲףۺͷûжʡ
ľⰬǬļ仰䣬̨µѾһٱ䡣
Ӱ£˯ͷųռʣ漴㰲ڰĻһЩڵĹѹȥ
ҼĹЦǺǵظڿУķλõˣΪҶϵľʻڡ
仰ӳֱӱͷҲıȣЩа
᳡һǿưֻʣӳ仰ڻ᳡յ졣
ľΪȲʣúã
ӳĽݣףתͷ㣬Ӧ
ƮڿУֻǳ鴤һ£ϱ鲢ûжٱ仯ҵЦ˵ӣ鷳³ҪԵİ
ĬĬϢĻת
ӳ۾һɣҪˡ
·Űۺϵ⣺죡
ӳ۵һ֣
ֱӰӳϵԼվţȻ̧ɨ֧ӡ
ӳѾָ˰ӵ˲ͣ½Ų䲻ȵٴתصԭ
ӳҧΪʲôǷ
Ƴ˭ºûйϵϹҾ͸һȥ
һĹϵٺãʽٳԣҲʵһ֧¶ӳ˻˵һǣС
ͬΪڹ£ľȻµΪѣңңµͷʾ⡣
ӳ±Լϳսϯֻܷ߷߲ƽı죬ȻΣظüŪۡ
εشû
ӳһǰٶĲͲֻգؼǣǣеһû˿
̨ϵһһԸոЩӱĪę̈ԭȤ
ⰬǬ°ͣһ򣬡˼ҾȻ벻ǲżԭ򡣡
ľһֱڶŵ¿ͷҲ̧ΪǶԶӵеäĿΡ
仰˵ھǵ
ⰬǬһüÿɷ
̨Ϸӿ
ϱӳϵĻƵΪһĳɳصؼһ䡢ϵıȶĴ̨ʤ߶̨ԡսǵĳҲ᲻ָ̣Ըμӿ˳̨Ȩ
һ仰䣬ջ˼ľˡ
һӡӡӷ׷üԱߵĹҲһ˹Źֵɫ
Ѻд裿
ǿָ̣
ƭأ
Ƥôôֱ˵Ҫһ츳ߵأ
ƤǺŪӰ꣬İǿ̨ڲ˾棬ȥ̸ȨʼҲ̨ͬǹػȻ㶼ҪΡ
ֻǻᱻĭûˡ
㲻ںЩҪľشҵϣݺݶƿȨ
һȦЩɫһЦǻֱȣۻ֡30ϲΪ3֣2030ĲΪ2֣20²Ϊ1֣̭һߣڳͬʱ֣ͬϵȡһּ㡣
󣬲·ôֲݣȻһֺЦݣȻҴȵʼ
л˵



102 
ͼʶĺ޳, һϯֻԼ֮ǰ˽û͸̾
㻰, ɨһȦĿϵɫߺķικε
̨·ˣڴǷ·֮ˮ, Ԫʼճ, ȡ͵á
˵սԪӤǿ߳ǰָ޷õʱԪ, Ҳ޷пռ֮ķ
򵥵һݣͷԪӤǿߵ
Ϊ˶ԸڻǷѾ˼
̨Ĺ֮, ȴ޶ԡ
򽭳Ц˵Ӱ걻ŭ󣬻ᷴˣҪ𣿡
ջߣһۣЦҲ˵, Ӱ걻ŭͼŭ˲, Ҫԣ
, ΢΢üЦ˫Ųӷ
ɨվһԻ, 򽭳ȤҸ˵̫𣿾ȻֱӰ˵, һôء
òԵǣǣ, , ȻȥЦ, û˵
⻰ллģŷ
ʱʮĬƲߡ
Щ֪ͺãҲǳ˺ʱ
ʮֺģһۣȻһʤĻսʹ˸ɫ
һսᣬԪȥֻսƽȼڽס
ǲ鶯գۼͻƵڵĺ󷽣쵽⧲
˵ҵĲӣ˵רɱߡİɱһֶ룬ҷųĵơ
΢ݣһ͵Ϯֱӵ˿С
ǳǳ䴽ŽЦǣҸԸ㽻֣ǺôҶԸ壬Ըʮ
һ˵ǵ͵ŤͷŹֵɨһۡ
սûСӰ
֪Ķš˺ơĻ󰮣֣Ӧ˵Ļ
˵ͳȥ˿Լ˵ʲôĻЦ⣬ʮֿĵӡ
ڵ˽԰ţӦֻǵУ漴ɫԪ
ֻɫâ΢΢һڵĿռͬŤһ㣬һâȻʧԭء
һ࣬ͬɫĹâ𽭳ϵâճҲһ˲ʧ
ͬɫâһȻ
ں󷽸ոջɵ˵վŵȥ
ľ˼ҵ죬ԪӤ
ѰҰѰҵһӷҴҸϻأһľʶ̨
ͼһһĿԪӤԪڿն𣬴ͬķмĿֱʮҵӡ
ȻЩʱˣӷѹסͷԺҼԪӤ
ȵĹǷ׷ĿǱһ־ҵǡ
ӷӭһ󾪺ʹһĹսߡ
⼸Ǿûôü
ոջЦһλ˼ҵļζһۣҳ
ӷҫһٻصһոſͿһԵĶⰬǬˡ
Ҳ༸˺һŵòС
⸱᳤ɴ۾ǶӣȻ˲ôˣǲ̨⣿ʹ˴ȥ
˵һߣӣżŭ⼱ؾҪ̨ϳ塣
ľץãϹң
ǡľ壬⵽ǸʲôӷľקšüľʶⰬǬʣ⸱᳤ǲǲʲôҼ᲻£ȥҰ嫵ģ𣿡
ӷͨ͸ʣⰬǬƵذ֣ſķſģƨ¶ûУŸͺá
ӷ˶һۣŰɵߵһ¡
ľüͷǲĵʣȷûڡ
ⰬǬġ˵кЩû˵أ˵Ҳ˵Ҫ˵㱣ܰġ
ǲԼºڲ㣬ŤͷȥҪ֤Ǹ˵仰ѽ˸ġ
ⰬֺʱЦŵͷӦˡƳⰬǬһۣ
ҺһֱԹĻ࿪˿ڡ
̧ͷֻܿǾͲõġ
Ϊʲôľѿڶ
ǸʲôݣȻûȴڳϿɣһڰæܡ
ܾˡ
ⰬǬЦ̧ļ򣺡֪ˣֻҪ£ĿϷ
ľšüӷ˶ӣĵֺּ棬èץ˻ܡ
⼸仰䣬̨ϵѾһٱ䡣
ԣȥԸ壬ӦսҵĻսӡ
ȼ˵ԪӤʵԸЩڵĻսӾֵ飬˶ô룬йڱĵȼ޹󣬶ʧ˹ۿѹԱȤ
Уֻн֪ڵĲġ
ԪӤɫԪŽͣԾȴʼҲʮ˵ƽ֮
ڿͣһ˲գۼǰͷ¾ͳĸͬɫӰѰɱǿӰ
ЩӰӰ֣˸ԪӿѰ١
ЩЩ޿ײĹƵаͣЪڵ˵һ֧飬һ˵Ӱӣжȫͬ
ʹںԪӤӵо޴ĵȼԪѹԡ
ȻܶԪѹжٶȵߣԲԪӤԪҲᱻȼѹơ
δ
ʤٴζ㿪һιȻضסѸٵɨһȦ΢С

ģɫϤǰ嫵
ʱӰĿռ֮⣬ش󺰣Ϊĥ
⡪ǡܡ
𡪡
һȦȦճĳе˲ص죬ģģѷֱ档
һ߶ܹһ߷ĺ嫡
ģĺ˲Ѱ˷򣬴ųߺ
һһ춯أŰ֮ŭϡ
ǡ
ڣܷ˾ʯ
֪ٴκһĻХͻճѷֵıݡ
ЩصĥйЮ֮ϮĻХ
ЩǻǿߵĿܷ/ɣɱ
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103 ڣҿ
嫵ĺ·𲦿, ýָʼ״̬ԪͿռ֮
峺Ԫó졣˿Ӱ࣬Ȼǳǳ˿ڱϢ,ô𣿡
û¡ҡͷȻ嫣΢΢ü, ֶͬñԴ֮ˣ嫱һ, 飬ⲻǲ𡭡
˵ֱ׳Ҳ, òɣҲ㲻Щ, Щطˣÿÿûүѵǣ
νط򣬼Υȼԭ߲ǿűԪ, ǽһƳɿܲǩūԼ
ūԼޱԼ, ֮Э飬׷ߡ
Ȿһط, ĳλƳͿܺūԼʧȥԭʼ塣
ǵμǱʱ, ƾǽƳ˿, Ȼʹۼҡ
ξһԽĴ, ֻǶ̶һ˲, о糱ˮӿ, ýֹסǱνڿļ䡣ͬһ޾ֻšƺͱһһεռ
ӴӰĶͷķŻٶȺͰ˵һͱҵץ
ۿĹҪ̴ģ嫺رףȻ۸үˣ
ЪүʰǸ
Լܽ˫ʵʱݣ嫸оǺȻıʹͰŭԣΪǰЩŪý鲻ãһ룬ըˡ
׻ޣͳеάطΣֶӵΪЩܻ۸Լߡ
浱޻үǳصģ
ŭ
׻ŭĽֱӳʣƾջû߰ѳ裬ղס
嫡ȻԼ޾ɱ⡣
εػû£侲һ¡
嫡ߡҺ侲Ȼڵֹ߰ˣ
׻ڣָֻܷܼʮŰѡ
顪
顢飡顪
һӦһ䣬Ѿžը
û˼ûʹ͵Ŀռ䷨ը˰ֱ۶֪޾ѪĽСƲֵ֫ĹǶһۣûκεͣ١
ΥһĻ˾㵲ѡ
ľһݣǶ˰ֱۻܻûκηӦĵӣ뵽ʲô
ҲǸ֣ոջʮƽļ˵ֱ壬
־ͻ壬ⲻ̫ǽ硣
˻˼ɻΨⰬǬһ̾ײһԱɫ׼ᡣ
ԣ˼ľǺݺһ顣
ˣǣǸùʱ𣿣
ⰬǬôһ˵в̨˼ۣպƼһѽɫըﶼ˲̾Լͨ
ֲ̧ⰬǬ⣬ޱģҲƲȼ
ˣ
һ仰䣬䡣
ⰬǬˣȰȵǰɲǰɲǰɣʥˮƽ㲻ǰöǿ
ԣƮƮɨһۣȷҪ֪
ⰬǬĿһ٣֪뵽ʲôԭλԱ˵ʲô̫ˣûǡ
ⰬǬȻˣ֧˶ʱһʧ˵ˣƲǲǡ

˵ֻΧһȦһҶ뵽һ㣬һȻĬĬ°ͣûҶʶ롣
ⰬǬŻȥˣ⹴ʼعۿ̨ս
ʱ־һ࣬΢΢ͷݡ
ڸ̫ǿ޷ӡ
˳ģ治˵
ʱĮŶ
ֻŶһ鵱ͷƤ飬æС׼񼶣׼񼶵
ϱǰȥ˽ܡ
Сάֻʱ
ⰬǬһŲ͵ӲһҲû壬Ȼźıʾʮֵֻ
ԶԶصһۡ
׼񼶡һʱЦݾͶ˶١
һüĿ¶ѯʡ
ͷżΡ
ʱֳĬˮУ˸Щâ
ʱֶ˵ⰬǬԣִŹ˵עתߡ
һԱ֮󣬽֪Ѿû˻תأ̾ûˣոֻ뵽֮ǰһЩ飬ûңҲû˵ҡ
ɲûֹͣԽԽң޲ðпֶܵըһ顣
㻹Щ¶Ҳ֪ģ
Цãǰʮһ˹İ
嫰һͻȻ֮˵ĻȵȻҰЩ˴ˡ
ǡ
Űһγ˳ȥһεżйߵ˼Աʼֱص㣬һһˣ䡣
ܲмֲԾ˵ֻվһ࿴嫵Ҵܡ
׻ӰֻԼܿһĻ䵽оǽվԭеָӳ
ڻںţ˵ȷʵԪӤŽ׵ʵڶҲɣҲó߳ɵעս
ĳһڳ˵ע䵽ϣһͣ˶ǳ衣
ڡҶսǲҲ̫Դˣ
ֽͣ¶ΪЦˡ
̧ͷõɨ塣
оǰѳ˵ͷͱһɤӴˡ
ں
šü̧壬룡
㡪
һ仰˵꣬һѱȾУִӣһ㵭ɫĹâϸȥ滹һЩϸСĸɫڲͣҪɫâ
һϮ޷Ӧڼɫâ¶·𱻽סˣһܶ
塣
ͫ״һж·ţܸܵԼΪ𾪶ֻϵ죬ҲܸܵɫâϮԼѹȸС
ʱͣͣٻָ

һѪ̨ϷɳȻصҵ͸ĽϣѪһһ»ǲ㽺Ⱦһ㰵Ѫա
Ѫ컬ϣ΢΢һ£Ȼָš
ˡ
翪Ѫ̨ܿΧӰ귢Ľʿռ䣬֮һãͺ⡣
ǡ
ʲô
λԪӤŽ׵ĳϾôˣ
Ҳ͵ʢ˲š
ܡ
һ˵Χۡ
ӳԶԶţæһأ֣
ͷ۵̧֣á
жҳˣվѪɫʬԱͷƤģĿҲû취Υֻҧ塭֡
ҲܲڵԪ˺ŰԵɫԪҲδɢȥǿʼ򽭳ƽ
嫻ϷˣЩʧȥ˼ĿܣȻͷ־Ȼ͵ϮԼıȻŭȺܾҪ
嫡
ƽػð嫶ԭء
һ˲ڿն߸Ծڿж㿪һι
ƯĶЦһһšû˵˶ó˷ܡ
ȷҰæ嫶ԭأüǸˣܹ֡
šǳЦҺͬȼ㲻̫ġ
һЩֵֶΣǲûеƣͬԳˡ
ס嫷ĽȣٻɣһĽ趯ûӡ͵ǰƳȻٰǵɫâײ
еĽϳˣɼӳ֣һ㡣
顪
âײײۿɼԪˣһһ˵ɢȻҵǽ˴밵Ѫյ͸ϡ
˼˸Ĺâʢ
һžչȣһ䶯ɫâ֮ϡ
ƳһۣýϵȸսС
Ѿص˽ߣüǸӣСġ
ӡ
Ͽ˵
ˣھгһףڿзתһƽɫĹâסн֮ɫĹâ
ɵڶʽ졣
嫲ںɵĵڶʽƳþ׳Ƴ硣
ԭȲ붯ɣԼܳɿһˡ
ȻˣҲٹ˼ЩеûֱӴ߶죬һ˰ˡ
ϵĹâգ۱ɣֻŽĶΪҪԼһ£˷ܲѣԼûע⵽˫Ѿ˳졣
ǡ
Ʈһ࣬¶ĺɫ˽ħţ
ǵħŵı־߱ħߵħҲ޽ǧѹƵԡ
ֳ˺˵Ѿʧ˿أҲҪͽһʤ
״̬൱͸֧ȥʵȻսʤͬȼԵĽ
Ҫôڴ򵽵ףҪôӰĽһ㣬ȻЩڰϼһ
ħšĸ֣סһ˲ȻѸٸеȫԪٶȴ߶졣
ǱߵĶ̫ǣ˽ߵԪпʼŤ߲ʵĹâʮֹ졣
ǽէ֣ʵĽɫâһ߲ʹâγԱȡ
ڲ֪ԣֻǼľ̾ԪӤǿߵĶԾ̫ˣ
ľվǾ࣬żֲײ֮⡣
֪ԪӤڵǿߣҲ֪ԼǸûȻѾǿزǿܽһռԪΪã
ľ촽ڶ£֪ǰɭʱ˵һ仰Ʈ˳
ȼʵҲһ־ޣԶΪΪԪӤھֻܷӳԪӤڵʵҲΪ
ʱľÿɷ񣬷ΪмһƵȼԪӤھͲٿؿռ֮˰
ɭֻʼ磬Укܶ࣬硣
ľ̨ϼǱסĽԾͿʼɭ˵ЩʱԺĻʱĪ˼ָ
硭ǻĸ磿
ɭɭѾȥĸ
ľڽϣ˼ȴڲھķƮֱӷһУϯͻ
̨ѾˣԼһսȫ֣һ֣ʤ̨һ1֣һ13֣14֡
ľ͵ػǰڣô£ˣ
ӷ˷ܵؽͣӰĽˣȻڰһʮ˶˳Լɳս
һԣֿҪɲҪصƽ£
ȫ˽磬û13֣ⲻúúףһ
˵䣬ѾɵһĲϯϡ
еһԵһӶ˷ܵΧ˶һԾԾԡ
ӯأӯԾһ䵽ľԱߡ
ԾԾԵĵһһԱ߰ںľʧƲ졣
ľûȥѵЩӣŽ촽䶯ţ⣬ջһ仰ûʣֻοƽͺá
ЦЦΧΧһȦǣкͼһһӰԭŨŨŭԪ
ڡ
˷ܼһӶʱڡ
ڣüѾʼлԪ
ڲûб͵ضһǰգ˫ѾָƽʱīڣüͷšţЦŭĻȡ
Ѿˡ
̧£
ڻ³һŽһƽ΢ЦǰɣҼסˡ
ƽءŶȻʣ𣿡
ǣǣǣЦ۵ףûˣ֪ͨһ¡
֪ͨ˾͹û¶ͻԼѡ
ɤһƹƳ
һ̤ߣ磬Ȼ̧ݺݵеǵӰɡ
л˵



104 ε
嫵һ, ӦЦݾ͵
ۣŰ嫣, ʹŲá
嫴ǰһεصԼȻһۿɨڣʲô£״үʱ㡣
˳һ, ڻûʲô־ͱ
ۼϵıԽԽԽԽӲ, ľ˶ɵһѺ
šü΢΢̧ڰ嫵ļϣָеĹâ, ʱڱ
һ˲䣬ЦѾʧ, üۻѹƽ˻Ⱥѹ˼֣ȴֻ˰һۣȻת뿪
嫻ջѹǣһ
ˣ
ڲ԰ŭ뿪ıӰ嫻, ʹطһ䣺Ǵ˵еĺƢ
̧һ, ˵˶ˣ˵ʲôҲ, ˵ɡ
嫺һû˵ˡ
ľŸҴ, Ե, ͽһа
嫺ͷʣʲô
ľص³֣
嫣
ͷ, ѵñЩڡ
˵ʵ, ֮ȥѹһħ, ǲǼ򵥵練Ƶ
ѰקҪЦЦľ壬ǱӦҪͳƻ֣㲻ȥ𣿡
ӵζľһתץסӷˣߣǱ߹вӿ
˵ŻߺһҪһѽֵúܡ
ԣһĬĬŶҥԨì˲վæȥ
һһϯϾͿ˴룬ǰһŵ˾ͼΪۡ
Ƽƽ£ݾ򽭳΢΢ͷȻ󻺻վһɢվŵİ嫣Ŀ¶ɡ
Ҳ˼죬⼸嫶סѵ/ǲμӻսʮӣṳ̂ѵ벽
׼ȷ˵ǲûʽ棬˵ϸ˽ˡ
ֹ˼̫࣬ˡ
ⰬǬŲѹԼԣſھʣʲôʱյͽ֮ܰǰû˵һ
̾һһͽܹռ˶
ƳữùԾͱãŹֱŤ
ⰬǬŤŤֱ׳˵ľ滰ʧ
úڣľ罻ĲóⰬǬһһơ
˿ƣԥؿʱֹ֣
ʱʱڣʣʲôҪҰæ𣿡
Ĭһ˲𣿡
ңʱԲ죬̧ǲ뱩¶𣿡
ǱƮһ£᲻صضһ˲âѱ档
ʱⷽ򿴵
˶٣ĹǣȻЦ˵ȻԣҲܱ֤õһӳͦġ
Цŵͷû£ԸæѾܺˣһͿʼˣʲôҪ׼ҩ𣿡
иɣպսһĽ׵ҩھ֡ʱվչ壬ƽͣ˵ŵȴڳ֪/ĵĻ
Ҳһ˲ҪսĽ׵ҩˣ
ʦĽ׵ĵһԴֻҪɹĽףǾڴ½ո¶ͷǱĴڣѶ֪֮ڵĽûȥսĽ׵
Ű
һ߸пһʱҩ
ʱָհҪҩгɵӽľ˾ͻˣһüˬģǱòᡣ
һʹչͽԣո˺ӴˣȻʤ㶯ˣûָһӾͰѹŴ򣡡
Ӱҷȥ̫ˣֻܿǱɽ˺ʮ֣ʲôֻźջߡ
һλУͿոյĳж֡
½½˻ͽ
㱻ιȥˣ
ǰʱƳˣ
ͻȻѹ裬ʢڴһ⣡
ֵһöڹȥף
̾ΪֹǲеһӰ굽Ը˭
ĲɵӦţǻֻǴŪ˻ǿߵĿܡ
ιȥΪ̳˵ʱθѼϼܲμӼȵԤȻ飬ľһμӣͰһ
ľû˵ȫ̿ʱͰͱʢ
ûǸףƢҲûɫʱ˵һ仰һ䣬ʱҪ޳
һƬУľͷؽ飬һͰ֮ǰĹ
ν֮ǰĹͽҲҴլƣȱȵȼֳļֵ
ʱͷ󺹣ʱŲһ仰ɣɢᣡ
һ䣬Ȼֱ뿪㲻ٲҴȵ顣
һԸû˵ʸҳɫ࣬ŭõʱ뿪ıӰȴһ仰Ҳ˵
ľƻһۣЦ˵λϣ˻أɡ
̧һӣºͲʧǿӲ˵
ҳϽӲЦһ˦뿪
ǵıӰͷ嫣ʾ⡣
嫻ͷȻ˵ȥŸ磬˵ͻλƵߡ
Ҳû⣬ϵߡ
ľɻ嫵ıӰɨȥɲ
΢΢ҡͷǻȥɣԼġ
áľɴӦˣŽߡ
⣬嫿ƻʮʵһֱҳϡ
ΧԽԽֱ𽥰󣬰˸
һ˲һ׹ԭʧ
֮ϣ͸İɫСèˢػֱҷ
л˵



105 ѣħ
ľͽٻصϯʱ, ϵĸ̨Ѿȫ£滻¯¯ӶС
ӷ, ɻ󣺡ôֱ¯ӣ
ӷҷ죬˵Ǳ̫ãʱһžֱ˵һٰ죬ҹŰ, ҪǼô, Ҿ͵ûʱ
ԣüͷˣ˲˵ֻιȥ𣿡
ӷҡҡͷҲǲûϳ, ܲôС˰ɡ
ľһۣû˵, Ĭػصλ¡
ʱˣվкҺʱȥ̨ϣ
Ѹٻ񣬽׼õҩĺͿʯǣһСΪϣҪǿ
ʱֽӹָ, ǳЦ, һøһ 
ⰬǬСڶ뿪ıӰ죺˼ӱ, ޱ
һֱûô˵ⰬбƳһۣϰ, Ǽʡ
ⰬǬ˸, ĵƮһԵľͷֲ, , û
ʮֲأ
¶, Ҳ͹ݣ˺˶ֲ֣ۼתص㣬׷״Ůԡ
ʱ׾ڵȥ׵ʱٶ
ʱֲϲ˽Ǵڵľϵ˴Ϊнס
ʶ˲࣬էһֻĳЩ죬ץļ
ֱԽԽ࣬ڵԽԽ˴ӼзһЩټ
ʱ֣
Ĺ̲סһǵ᳤ϯͽʱ֣
ʱ֣֡˽һ㱣ķӦ˭漴ǵһ̾
ͬΪͽܣӳΪ߻ֱȵ͵½꣬Զûʱִ
ᵽͽܡʱһӦʱ֡
ߣֻλʦ¯ƣֱǻࡢʱֻи᳤зͽڡ
ǵգר֢սֲֹŲܣҲ˵˸ɵͷ
רŶԽͽ𹫻ͽˣͽ㡣
ʱȴרȲͨˣǱѹĵ͵ߡ
󣬵ȴˣͯ˲֪˲
ڡʱ֡һƵʲôҩڳǶ׼ˡ
ӷ˻һȦԱߵĹǽԾԾԺ󣬸пһʱֵʦһӦĴڰ
ǳǳÿɷ
Ȼʱ߽ľƬ̺ˢŤͷ򽭳𣿡
˼Ʈ𣺡ҵ飬³
ľ뻹ûİ嫣ûˡ
Χʱֵġģڶ
˼ȴڴ˴
Ͱͨڸо嫵Ҳܲ嫹档Ҫôǰ뿪˿ԹҪôǰʲôԼʶϢ
ǰʶ
ʱ仺ţתѾȼһ㣬嫻ûл
˿𽥴Ϊƻͷüûסỽ嫣˵𣿡
һͰ֮谭űȥǱߴ˺ķȻڰշС
ɤŷһ£Щӣ˵˳㡪
嫶˶٣Źֵɨǰ°ȹƮɢŮǰƶˣҪ𣿡
һ˲͵վۣʢ˾ء
ôˣľһʶվ¿ǳʲô𣿡
ĺ΢΢ľȻԺӣľһ±
ľδصɫµصͷ
Ťͷߡ
ⰬǬĶգһ̧ۣ°͵´ۣк·
ûͣҴҶһ䣺㼪ԡ
ⰬǬüЦ
ʱĿĻȻۡ
ͷԼ΢΢С«æͷˮˣ
վ嵽ǰȥȵϴټļ
Ųһ٣˻˼
۰صˮ
һԿʼ˼
ʲôѺ۰صˮͨˣ
˶ӣָָԱߵĳڣͷʾ⡣
˿첽߳ȵ˵ͨ󣬻ó΢΢˸ɫС«
ͬʱϷɳ۵İ嫼ٽ䣬΢΢ͣǰ
ǸողѣԺ´ĿĵĴεĪߵΧ߶ã㱵ġ
ǰ·ͻȻһߴ굲סãԭأߴһСŲϣ΢΢գţ͸¶Ĺâ
ǡɻһҺû㡣
ʦ𡹵ףɤӣŬµҽܣʦãӵͽܣҲĴԺҰ嫡
嫡Ҷӵġͽܣ˼Щ磬ͷ´һۣҶСף
嫣ȣǣ
ҽа嫣
ΪԼȻ͵üæְ̧ס̫Ѩš
˵СȵȵȣҸо˶μ䣬һ롭һ롭
죬εغϣЭȻطɣϾľǹҲ
ľ֣̫ѨĶͶһ١
գգ۾ͷǰˣȻ̷ֵͷ鷳ȴһȥɡ
һָٶȣ˳ǣЦõ̽ݵûͦ񡣡
𴽣һЦŻϲȸԾϾôûˣ˭֪ǹѽ
˵žͱ֣ŵƵߣ´һۣп˶갡ǺӾȻôͽˡ
ȻͿʼᶼϰʮ߲·˰ɣ𰡣һúֲһĸ
ϰʮ߲·
ԲģĽûһŰԼ
סһȻӭǵߣǳУʦ̣治ǵӸö𣿡
ˮ˸£ͰĿԣ޹ģ
ͣ²ӣƵ
ԭأͦıǼʶţèƶͬ㶯űͷ֮һޣػصͷ
ģİ嫣/ȥˮ⣬š
徲ּ䣬һһ;š
ϵЦ͹ѾʧܲѹǳǳȻ󡸺䡹һ£ѹϡ
ڣҲݡ
ڸոգǱңڹһֻͨɺܣֻн˴СϾħϢ
ֻһĻ嫾֪סξҪ뿪ȴʱһӦóˡ
ǸӦóͬǱңǱķ䡣
һ˲
ܿʼɢֱһ̯ŧˮʧ
ܱ˹ĶħߣǹԸ˵Ŀܣһʱ䲻ࡣ
侲ĺһ۾ֱܷݡ
ħţħߡ
ԴӼִĮɱ侲ģ󣬰嫵һӦǷ˺ͽĹʶ
˼ˣ嫵ѹżŭʩѹ
ȴŰ嫵ѹǰһȾ죬λߵѹ㳲֮ܺͰƽɫ
ţӲ㵽˭˵ҵĺӣġ
л˵
ǺˣӪ˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ㡪


106 ۼϢ޼
Ҵ̨ͨ, ͻö˸ˮֱüͷ
ˮ˸һºͱⳤõİȻһʧԳ˴ѷ졣
̧̫Ѩ, ͷʹ᳤ˮʣλ᣿
ĬĬεֻʣһˣͨû, ͡ûˡ
ͷԼˮ, 룬һöȻסעԪ, ʼϵ
Դϴһ󣬽û, ϸϸʱѾ˴֮á
ʱ̫æû˼Ǳߣ۰Ǳϵʮֹ죬ֱ߽, ۼҳˡ
ֱԽԽǿ, ǿ޷Ƿļ¸С
ͬһʱ䣬һּ䡣
ԶԼѹһһƽ, 嫳ü΢в죺Ȼûȫ޻
嫶Լ֮ѹ, ܶŰ׻ѹħ, ˵ѵ, ûбɡ
һ, ٽش, ѹ
ĺƽЩֻǸոһĶϾѾð亹鷢ܡ
û˿⣬ͷӣظǾ仰ҵĺӣģ
嫾ӸµöЦһʲôʸ仰ĸƺûκιϵ
һ仰ĮзЩȻѸʧ
һ۰嫣֪ʲʲôתͷߣٺѿࡣ
ҲѹȻ̧ǰߣظ
ܰѹĴڸ̫ǿ¶һ㶼еơ
͵ضסŲͷ͵صûꣿңĴȥ
Ƶ̧ͷ죬ֵҲҪһʦʲôиߣ
˸ոյҽܣ˵δı溢ӵͽܣ˸ǰʦ֪£ҪǼٵģҲûҪôǿϵ˵׼ѹҲǱԼ
ιɫˮعƮƮɨһۣҺӵͽܣҵͽ
ͽ֣üһ
ոսʦ̽е˳ڣͽôôþ
һشʮǿǲǹϵҪӣھͻȥšΪڵĶ˼켸ҹһȥɱˣǾҵ
ûĳһλ׽˼ҪϢţĪľͶԼǴδĺЩ
Ĭתߡ
ż̧ͷһۣಽظں档
ô˵ⶼǽĸףغдҪ֤ƽ
һ·˼ߡ
˼ù룬ϵһС˸Źâû˿
۾⣬ִ羧ʯǿѵʦ̣ˮˡ
γѵصͷէһʱһ㶣ȻѸٻüǳ塣
΢ͷɨһۣĬһ˲ٵΧû̸ĵط
֮⣬صĵطΪ
ܿȦһʱûҵʲôȫĵضɴ̧һӣ˸ռ
űȻգһ£嫣޵ıԴ֮ط𣿡
νޱԴ֮Ƕ÷ǵǰȼܶõĿռ䡣
ʼ磬ָ˸ԽƵ羧ʯɣȻҪˮʱˡ
Ƴһۣǰֻ֪Ʒֵ׼޶Ϊ˱Դ֮ǿܹΣǸɴؽͨˮ
ˮǱߴһͳ˵ž뼤𡣡
˶٣ǻһ˲Ȼ͵Ťͷ嫡
ŶߵĶһСıץ˸š
ֻǶˮѱĹâȻŻ̧֣ѹǣһˡ
ǱĻظ󣬳ĬƬ̣漴˿ͺãͺá
ŵϵİש񣬾þòſ˿ڣ磬뿪⼸꣬пɻá
ԣһͷ۰ؿЦһ̾һǰöá
һæʣ𣿡
۰ص𣬼ƣһǰҩﲻ֪Ӻζһζݣռҩԭвҩռ䣬ԽԽңһЩѰҩĶȾ˶ԡҩĵӲûע⵽ҩϵĶָ̣ͻԲѣҲ޴֡
ݣüͷø̧ͷ嫣ѯʡ
һ״˼һ˲ҡͷ
һʱ䣬û˵ʲôֶݵĳ֡
۰ֻüҴ˵һ䣺ЩҲиʴʯãöˮ֭ȾֻܼһҪǷͻһ˰ɣϸ˵
һû˵ϵˮȻѿɷĩʧ
˼ոλ۰𣿡
ŷĩüԵͷôҲʶ
嫺Цζ㵱ʱߵĺܼʲô鶼ûҲ֪㱣˽ʮꡣ
ϺҵĺӣӦ𣿡
嫰ڰ֣Ƶ¶˵һûվź죬ʦ̣ɣۻط˵ȥ

ͬһʱ䣬ͨˮ
ѵȸԾӿʦôˣ
ȻѾȷǱõĹϵôʦֶϰˣҲٸġ
Ӧֱص㣺ڻ𣿡
֮ǰ޷ͨ۰صˮʱѾϵʱվҲûкۼ磬·ɢעûк¡
۰ͻȻͻȻʧʵۼҳ£ƲѲٴκϵ
ɻѣԣҸմҰƽԭϷĶ֣˵źˣʵЩĶݣҲ˺öšˡʦЩ˵һǽнпվȥ档
򴽣̽Ե˾䣺ۼõ·ߣôֱӾȥˡ
Ц˵ʦҳȥֵ̽ģ˵ۼҴҪˡ
ۼҴҪ£Щ˵뷨ӽл˹ȥ
šһ˵˵ֳһЩµĶݣʦҵ·־ϵڵȥ޼ݣϽˡ
޼ݣ
Ȼ޼ݲǶʮ꿪һ𣿾һŹʮɡ
һε޼ꡣ
Ǳ߷죬ڿг裬ɤش𣺡˵һεȾΪ޼ݲǰٰģҲʦȥϵ
һκʦϵʲôʱ򣿡
룬ǰɡ
Ĭһ˲Ӧãȥ޼ݣҰæȥ㡣
ѽ˸߲ҵһ̫ˣ
ʣһ޼ݳֵַ
ӭŷغвɽɫأУʦˣ̫󲻺
вɽ
ǽͶʯĵط
עⰲȫһ䡣
ˮӦѿһɡ
еˮ΢
ôϢ绪඼̲סӡסŲüѹҴǰһ룬ǱյϢ԰ѽĸǰˡ
ˮĬ
޼½һĴ߲㣬ĴߣҲϽʹ߶ԻΨһ
޼ǰžϽʹߴµϢ
˵ṬΪṩԴ޼ݾǼ½ƽ̨ȼǱ
޼ݹоʮŵʮŲ㣬ǾܳǴ½߳Ψһ;˾Ҫٵȶʮꡣ
ǰǴޣħ޻ᱻ޼ų⣬޷ݲ䡣
޼ǰ飬õϢͻ֮ǰ֪ͨ½׼ȴһûС
˼ˣתٴȥһ嫡
ĳ㵽ˣôû
صµ˻Ȱչһ£
ţ
գգۣŽǱߵʧ̧ͷĿ¶ڴŹֵٵȵȰɣʱ
ڴĹâ˲ʧˡ
Ǹ͸ķ˵ɣһ
ѾԼȰȵڿˣһ̯ϣȻǣҺʶҲû೤ʱ䣬ҪӤʱǹƵ۰ˡ
¶ʧĬĬ嫡
ĿƮţ̫ӡ
װİ嫣ĵºеû˽ԼԼĹȥҲܽԼ𡣡
ڵˣĿ¶׹⣺˭˵Ҳ֪ģ

֪İ嫣
١
мˡ
л˵
״ү̫ӣݣ

ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


107 ĸɣ״ү
Ц, ڵһˣεʦ̣Ҷ, ЩֻԼ˵ҿɲ
̽ʣ磿
죬Ʈ漴һ̾, ̹׵ֻǴ֪һЩ, Ըҵ飬Ҳȥ̽˽Ͼ͵ˣ֪ʲôԼʰɡ
˻, ڷŲӣȻʵǵȲȥ, վҪߡ
嫴˸УҪǾģǾͼɡ
ոһ⻰֮ĵԼ˲٣ƵĲҲͣ
Űʣʲô
嫳ӣ̵ʣΪʲôԣΪʲôúûǰ, һ˯ôá
һ١
嫾һֻǳʵ, ֻǰȸ, ʡôᵢǵʱ䡣
Լ⹲⻰˵Ҳ
ⲽص, , 嫳Ĭһۺŵ˵Ҳ֪ԭ, 𣿡
š\",ӵħܵøЩ, ҵȻҲ֪ԭ򡣡
קһӷţſαϣЦе˵ѾǩԼ֮ͻƣֻܽħţľҪ
˵ˣ嫵һ䣬ǳҪ֪뿪ħһ飬ⲻǰԼҲڰﳣ˵ڰʧٵɷ򣬳ĸס
ͫ΢Ĭ
ʱ仺ţһ㱡ɴϣʵطŹ⡣
嫱յûůҲüʱ䣬۾һն˯ȥˡ
ȵƻ轫̧ա
˱ۣЩɳƣҲǲˡ
ħš
ʮǰͱˡ
ԭֻһ޼½Ƶ磬ֻ޾ɱͲп淽ʽ
˸֪֯ӵΪ̵նɱһһǿߡ
Ӵ֮󣬵ħΪ߱֯õԪĥ
΢䣬ʲôõԪ
ֻǻʮľƣѣ˵ʱǼѹֲסɱ⣬ͨ˻ߣڶԪĴڣԪ꣬ǡɵڵԪ뾭ѪҺͲԪҲպܴﵽͬԪЧͨѡѪȡĴ󲿷ԪֻܲϷѪֱﵽ֯Ҫı׼
£һûסûס𾪵ȡԪĶ𣿡
ͷԣ˵һ׼ܴѪҺȡԪ
ʣѪȡʽ
Сһ̾ܡ
·һŹڰըȻ˲䷴Ӧֻܣ
ͷǵġ֯ſŰɱֺ󣬵ħв߲Ըӣ˷֯ˣһԱרŸɱ
°ͣ˼ſڣðһ䣬֪֯ͷ˭𣿡
˭룬ĥҪûǴĻ˽ʲôᰡ
˭˭
ΪԼˣըл죬ֱ֤û
治ɫذѻε·ʣᰣǲǸ߸ͣԪƫˮԣ˵Ҳ̲ġ
һº󣬲ʶˣ
Цһֹʶ˾ְƤͽȥġ
û뵽Ϲۿϵ˵ǻЩá
ǽ編һѺ֡
Цһ

ޱ飺ԭһʹס
嫣
嫣ǡ
۸뷴⴫ɳɳ·졣
ͬʱͷͼ꼲ײ԰Ϧ
ƿ￴ȥ΢̧Ƽ˲֪ٷݻϲͼ
һ˲ʶվ
ûһǹõļ¶ӿζסѪԵ顣
ΪĸӣԵ֣Ҫκ֤ܡ
˲ˮɫǰһ촽֪οڡ
ܼ尾ɤӣһѿڶ

ɵĵһʱ󣬰嫴һʼļת˻˯ӱ˯ȥ
ڣԼƽʮ궼һ顣
ԽԽԾɻԴܼÿ춼ʹ񡪡
ͷЩΣǲúġ
ôءˮɫϧҲãû
Դ֪ԼĺӺŵŪ󣬾һֱüڡ
ûбŪƿҲôƫִҪǡ
ĺӣȻۼҵļ̳ˡ
һ⣬Ӳ˽ʮĹ⾰ۼҲʮȥӵһμ̳ˡ
˼ˣɫ⼸һ𣬲ɵȥ¶Ρ
ֻ˼һ˲Ȼ±飬򽭳ȰЩ꣬ˡ
ЦҡҡͷûµģҺϲ
˿ζΪͬİ·ʹ֪࣬ԼҪʲôҲ֪ԼɳĿʲôָоʵ
̧֣һ½ĶͷȻ̾һ
ôˣԾͷӡ
˫Ľͷһʱ֮Щʡ
ҪοڣԶſϵİ嫳ز˾죺ոʦ̵ˮˣʦϵ¶ƻͦҪҪģ
ʦ
ɫһʦϵһֱϵ
ͷͷ۵ӦۼҵĶİĶҩۼ˶ڲݣ޷ݻḯʴˮʦ֮ˮҲˡ
ݻḯʴˮ
۰֮ˮѾˡ
վɫࣺ֮ǰ͸ۼҵƣҴȽҾȥۼҡ
ҲӦһȥ
ˣ嫲յԱʣȥʦˣ
üԥŵͷϵɡ
ԣ˫ֻذ°ͳһ㣬˵ˣͽ˵ıҲ쿪ʼˣȷȥ
˿⼸ƻϼվЦһ£ȥǱ߿ңϢһ¡
Ҳȥǵڵʱ¶棬ֻźصͷĿͽͰ嫲뿪
Ҵ̨ϡ
ʱԼĵһöĽ׵ҩ߸߾ԶԶسʾ⣬Ϊ϶Ⱦ˼ֺ⡣
̨пĿ࣬Ŀ£ҲֻӲͷƤһʱֵʦĽ׵ҩػ𵤡
ػרΪƵĵҩ
̨ʱӯ̨ܵࡣ
Ŀȴʯۣһ۱ѵЦڲסȸԾʱ֡

̨Ĳмֹ
ʱֿٵؽҩЦ˵㡣
ӹҩüЦһãϾ
ڲʱʱת̨ԶԶسЦǸոͻƿһʱѡ
У
ƤЦⲻЦξˣʱֵʦع򡣡
ʱ΢΢һЦЦòƤҧгݡ
һҲ̨ӳЦòѣһЦһߺҪûʲôǿɾ̫Բʦˣ
ԶԶһۣԱŲ䵽ʱֱЦݡ
ӳʱ־ϯܡ
˵ɣⲻ֪ε仰ֱը˹ϯ
ʱͼϯֵĲ֪ЩʲôľǱ߶Цָͣ
ôˣӺ󷽴ľǵЦ֡
ľͷͼ첽̨嫸󲻼ߣٶȵǲת۱
Цոʱֵʦ˺һⰬǬе
ʲôʱ֣ͼʱֳһЦЦ
ӳƵĴյߣʦĵһöĽ׵ҩΪ˰ʦƳһѳʥ
ԣüһȵʱ֣ʦ㣬һֱֿȨ
ʱЦ񾲣û취̫ˣܵóʲôסС
ľ⻰̾
û뵽ʱȴ˴󵨿š
ҲЦʱĴָЦģҿ㣬ʲôʱȢؼң
ʱʧЦôң㵹ǹһ°
һ仰ֱתƵϡ
һ˾ߣȡһⰬǬ⸱᳤еҪһ£롭
ⰬǬǣء
ķǿϡ
һֱһţߵ÷ɿҲƵ뿪ĥһ£ʱ֣ΪʲôҪסѽ
ʱһЦָΪζţҵˣ˾Ͳˡ
ҵˡ
ʱֵġ
ʳָ򦣬˼Ȼ/򽭳뿪ķ
·Ȼ˸ζ
̫ѰˣҲҸѳϲУ
Ⱥӹˣ
嫻Ȼ롣
л˵
״ү츳100
״ү츳0
̯֣ǵűƵɡ


108 ӱľͺ
Լͨ, ڰԲʲô϶ıǩʱվڽֱ顣
ʲôأⰬǬ̲ס˸, бһۣҶЦ÷ɵ
šüɫŹ֣Һܺ棬ǲǲ֮ĸ顣
ⰬǬдһ, һЦ, 㲻ǵСҲҪ޽Ϸģ
Ϊʲô֮ץ
ޱ룬˰ǱߵĹʶ
׼Ʋ嫵뷨ͼⰬǬŹ, Ϸʵ˵, ܶҲ˽ⰡԹһһġ
Ŀڣоӡ
ⰬǬŴǣԹغЦһû취˭ߵľԹһһġ
ߵģһ, ؿ,⻰˼ϲˣ
ⰬǬ÷ɿ죬Ϸ,ûС
Ŷ
Цеصͷ,ûϲˡ˭Һܺ档
ⰬǬתĺè֪
ֲֵè, ˡ
Զĥŵİʹһ, ڶ˵Ŀ⡣
, һĪ
ⰬǬ˵, һɫ̧ߣͽ˵ıʼˣá
ЦŸȥơ
ⰬǬ²ͣﻹв˼ֱ𴩺飬ߵü죬תʱûп·
һײȥͷҵһӲĶϣһ졣
˻ⰬǬʹһһŭſڼ˺еȴ˺棬
ⰬǬײˣæ߹еôˣû°ɡֲأ
һۿⰬǬײˣһ٣ЦŴкôˣ
ֲرⰬǬײü飬һº侲ͽ˵ıҪʼˣľҹүү
ⰬǬǸû°ɣҸոߵüû
ⰬǬŶͷޱû£á
ֲգһۣĬĬÿ
ÿˣⰬǬ۾һɣݺݵضôô
ֲأ
ⰬǬˤһ仰һͷˣʹ࣬šһ´ǣɻֲأһֱ
ⰬǬ˦£ֲصûӦ
һִֻڼţһεЦүƢͦõģ֪ΪʲôҾͰǱײˣȥ
ͷӦĿֲشҴ߿
ⰬǬٶȲ죬ֲؼ׷ⰬǬȻһԵظⰬǬߡ
ȻϺⰬǬؼ٣ŭˡ
ֵ̧°ͣ˸йŹֵⰬǬֲ˵ıӰ
ֲء
мⰬǬģ
һ뷨зٻһ١
ⰬǬòϲֲذɣ
գգ۾ָ°ϣ˼š
ȷʵҪŮԽϲܷȥⲻͬԵ¡
ȻǱݣûǴĻǱԭƽ˵¡
˼ˣĬĬֹͣ˻䣬˵ˣǶӦ
صϯʱⰬǬѾֲ̨һվԱ߷Ƶ
ֲءԥ˻ûס
ֲĿתض̨Իعͷɻôˣ
ֱʣϲ𣿡
ֲһ㶣΢΢죬Ӧʵҡͷû
ڽʱ򣬰嫺Ҳ޵Ʈ
˽⣬˶٣øߡ
ֲɻʣôˣ
Ƴһ̨Ϻ༸ͽ˻쵽һҪɽߵⰬǬ̾û£ֻǺȻʣûҸ˳ɼ𣿡
ֲЦһµûأֻ뱨
һԵⰬεֲء
ֲؾ˫ǰһXæӣҺȻЩûнȥ
˵žˣܵ÷ɿ졣
ⰬֲطҲƵıӰһ̯һ̾
ʣҲˣ
Ⱜָߵϣ̾ң¾ֲԼ֪ˡ
ԶԶһۣɫͬһµΡ
Цĳ˹ˮȰ
Ⱜֲÿɷ
ǵĶԻðͷԡ
ð䵽嫶߳èǲһ䶼
ջߣͻ볳ܣ
ûзϣһ㵹ûɻ󣬡ôˣⳳȿɲ㡣
û
嫲˵ƮһôһʱûҶءˣˣҲˡ
˵⣬ʶǰЩ绨ѩ£ȴǾлˮ£ǲԭˡ
˼ˣԳһЦ
ǿѷת˼һ룬˭ˣǸ֣
֪˵ᰣĬû˵
󣬰ΪѵطֳһЩ˼ŵϣˣʲôõǵģ֮ˣҸԼߵǰһȦһһ󲻺Լ飬һӶֻǸɽڣ
嫵ĻѵõҭסˣĬĬʵ㡭ǣ֪Һʲôϵ𣿡
ȻԼ鰡Լˣɶ
Ҫ˵ͬΪԼߣӦûﻥһ񣬲Ųķ
룺
һɤû
⼸ʮ嫶û
٣ɳɤӵЦΧ룬Գû
ֻ֪è
嫣ǵ˵Щʲô
ǱߴһOO@@нԶǶѻƿˣȻٻͰ嫽ͣǵ¡
£Զᡣ
ƮƮֱֶӰѰըëˣеë۾ɵü󣺡ǡǡ
ˡ
ԡ
ҪԲܽɵ·ܺ𣿣
ѹԼǧ䣬û˵飬оԼ۱һ飬ۡ
嫵ķӦǵЦһƣ˵ûоû̬صǧ꣬Ҳֻһһյĳ˯編ԣʱûᲢۣ鰮һ棬һŰֽ֪顭
嫽ԭأûع
˼ⰬǱ߿һۣĥǸո˵ĻҲǺͻһ
͵Ӧ
嫾ǡԼߣҲܳΪ𣿡
˵ĻйһµܺˣſƳʵΪİ嫣ûס˵˼䣬ûܲܣֻԸԸ⡣
˵ţ˰嫶Խݺά˽һγͷʱ嫲ϧñԴ֮ҲҪסһĻỺЦЦ
ʵĳЩˣֻǻûӦˡ
šüЦʲô
Ʈ𣬡Цӱġ
嫣
ըëι˵
ʧˣûڰ嫶߶ˡ
Ǿ仰Ūץʲôӱģ˵Ҳ˵
һ߹ͿŸɻʣôˣ
嫺ػ̧ͷʱЩ㱣æЦŴû£뵽Ṭ㻹Ҫȥ𣿡
Խ𣿡оϲ
ΪṬڵΪһر塣
Ȼԡ״ү̧ԼţͷҴȥͨ衣
Цá
嫿Цݣҵ˼һ١
𣺡ԼߣֻǵĻϵ𣿡
òҪԽɻѡε
С
һʯŽźЦɵèèʮͨ˾һϲͨ
ԭػǳʧһ˲ڻ۹âһƣݵǰ
ƳһϾɵľƺ
Լ
ƨڵһվɫ·Ⱦ˻⣬ںڰȼտ
ͦأǰߣԶԶҿš
ԭأǳа㿪ʼת
Ҫȥģʡ
ü֣ˡ
λ÷ˮ/ˣúˡ
Ϣת۱ʧ
ͽ˵ܵĨʧϢ˵һ١
ôˣ
šüֱ̧̫Ѩ룬ˡ
ȿǲ뿪𣿡
嫳ʹ˸ɫһԣȻԼԻļȫ͸
ۣƬ̣ѾһζλϣٴʱȾ˳غͼ˼
վ࣬һڴģȴ뽭Ի
ǻıԼߣһ嶪ħţʮǰˡ
ʣ˵ֿȡԪ𣿡
嫳˼Ƭ̣ҡͷûС
ԣһȻ󳤳³üۡ޻ȣֻʣ¡
ħˣ޼½ܺУ֪࣬ۼҡ
ۼάϵ˼ҩ־ȻҲ䡣
ԼҪ飬޼ǰ
һ𣬽شֱ
һǰǡ˪˱ʧλħ˵Ļ
ڡ
΢΢ͷ嫣ӣۼˣǾȥڡ
ʱѾɢ˱Դ֮мּ䡣
һᣬ˲ħĻ
ԭƽԭߣڹݡ
л˵



109 ҴȽͱ
, ڶһʣͰ嫶һۣϬͬʱԹ, ¿̨
ͽ˵ıںɽҲϲԼԤзйûתڱеһ룬Ҳ֪ľ, ֻһ, Ѿ˶
ԱߵȥȥҵὫľ
εСͨȼ齲塣
ľ΢΢, ǳѣɩѾˣ
ͷ, ЦС㣬¶ʱֻҡ֪
úúáľӦϼˣûסԭŲȻ,вɩӻԵԭô, û˵ʱĪԵ, ൱ԱߣǾ˻ȥ
ᵽ, Ҳźҡҡͷ,ûҲ֪ʲô
ľ˺ŴϵƤ, һ, ʣ㸸أϢ𣿡
һ, źûײûᵽ׵顣
ľʧջߡ
ûʧ̫ãֱӰ޼
ľһһ㶣һ̧Ĩһһ亹
ľ壬¶ʱûдڸϣһǰ׼һĵӡ²ܵݡ
һ󲿷޷ĵӶħ޵ĵ·һݱȻ¶
ĴɱҪݣҲֻӷȥˡ
ľȻףͷмһֱźһ£һĵӡܶһ𣿡
üûзҲûп϶ľһۣľ壬ħ޵𣿡
ľЦѵֻ֪ǸʵΪ硣
εЦǱŰɡ
ľͷӦ£ȻʣҲ£Ǳôţ
Ĭһ˲Ȼ̧ľļ򣬡ˡ
˵꣬ˡ
ľ
ǡľںЦõغǵ˦ƹ˰
ԶԶذ֣ʾԼ
ľ׷ŻصϯʱѾߵ˻ߣɫصЩʲôһ࣬ĵģԱȴǸ˵ÿһ˸ҿ
ľɻ෽ȥտһ㣬ܸܵŨصѹԪӤߡ
һͣ㵵嫣Ȼõ״үһĮɨӡ
ľֱӳ֣ʾľ߹
ϵѹľŻ˹µشӰջߣС߹˿
һ˸ŵˮľˣû˵򽭳ʾ⡣
ľ壬Щú˵һ¡ɫ΢ľҴȺҵ뿪һˡ
ԣľʶšüֳʲô𣿡
̯֣ʾľϵˮ
վ͵ոǺ۰ϵˣ޼Ǳ߿·Ҫȥ
˵ġɣû͸¶̫Ϣ
ľͷ򽭳߾ͽҰɣעⰲȫ
šӦɫãСɽ
ľѵü⸱һĪչģ죬ǰɻȥûжʣ˸к뿪ˡ
һ½ࡢɵ
嫴һש޶˼ݣ棬ȻŤͷʽڴô죿
߹ˮȻ۰Ǳ˻Ӧ
ˮͨŲ˶ãûüۼҵˮˡ
۰һֻͨ飬һ޼Ǳ߿»䣬ý¡ۼҶݺۼҵʱרעݡ

۰ѹ˵ۼҡ¼ҾǵĵѾʼڴ½ߣҲЩĳϣûж
ҡ
ÿ֣᲻뵽ڡ
ûԭ򣬾ǵһӦ
۰شҴҽˮˣҲǽ۰һöˮ
žʯһ˸һ߷飬ʵЩΡ
ĴɨһȦȻĿ궨ԲһĨϡ
˳ȥµĹǧµˡ
ǧ/жȼߣһ˲Ͳעӡ
ĵ£Ȼ󳯽һ򦡣
ǧ¡С˼Ӱ룬ؼҺһ
ôˣǧͷ߹ĽЦüͻȻŸˣ
վλӣüЦһǴȫʤѽ
صͷޣǼ˶˰ɣƣĶǸЦ
Цּ䣬ȴֽûŴء
գһ۾жһۣ
ǧͷǡɶ˽˫ôˣ
۾ۼҪس½ˣ֪𣿡
ۼҡ
ǧһ㶣漴Ц֪Ȼôҵġ
Լۼҵӵûаأ˵ҲЦǺǣʲôԡ
֪޼𣿡
ԣǧﵽǵЦһͣȻ
ǳǳµغͽӣɲ˵
֮ķΧѺʶ˲Ծ죬ڽ͹ǧ֮룬㷲
Ƭ̺󣬽ջ˺͹ǧ¶ӵߣҲȷǧȷʵ֪¡
̹̾׵ʶƭ𣿡
ǧ˸ɫ£·һ˪
ȷʵûҪƭ
˼ˣǧºվҳȥһˡ
Žóһöˮ˼Զ
ĿԶȻջߣ˼
Сʣ޼ݲų𣿡
Ŀ¶ֵкͳѣָ̻ƽƽͣ΢΢ҡͷҲԲǧ£ǹۼˡ
ԪۼңǴ½֮ףҲΨһʸӭϽʹļ塣
һǧ¾ʹ溮˪˼
ʵ𣿡
ǧɫԹŹһ㣬²ѹڽߵ£˲⴫ȷ˲֪ͨ
Ŀһݣȷǲ⴫˹ۼˣ˭Ҳ֪
ǧµͷֱָĦ°ͣ˵ۼˣʵֻйۼҵļλ֪£ҪȥʣǶңԡô֪ģ
ӸµŽĺɫ˫ټشϼӡ
ûʣֻش͵֪ˡ
Щۼҡвɽܵˡ
һ仰ǧȻ༸Ҳü
ŻڹϯǷڵһȺϵƣĵۼЩ£ƾҳˡ
ǧµزһ䣺ҪٿۼǵЩ˵·
½ҩ֮ڣۼңǲ˵жд̡
˽֪һۺ󣬷׷׳Ĭ
Ͱ嫶һ˲ȻۣĬȻ
ͰһһȶЩܻв֮ĵȫȻΧһС
ⰬǬ˴ӵ¶ʱͼһ
գգۣ˵ǰһסǰ⡣
ľ˱Ϊ㶲ѡ
˼·̧ͷĪôˣ
ⰬǬƽض´һ󣬰ѽúë𡣶Цݣһ̧һöɫƵݸ
ͷһöϤƺס
ⰬǬŬŬ죬Ц˵Ҫ뿪ˣ㣬ҵͱ񡣡
򴽣һΪⰬǬԤ֪е
ֽӹƣЦһǽ軨׷һ㶼ϰ
öȻʤ󣬻ʤܵõƹơ
ⰬǬӮˣһȫʤȻȻƣû
ܲ˶һۣڲ֪ҪߵϢ֪˵Щʲô
ֻⰬǬ˫ֱһЦ軨׷Ҳˣȥɣɹ˼ǵûţǶء
л˵

ħ


110 Сʦ
޼½вƽԭ, ڿмۣ嫸󷽣ʱϴһ, һ
ǽŴθٶȵࡣ
һתۼͿգ뿪
һСʱǰҴʽ, ʱ, ľǰʰо֡
˼ŶؼľȻϵؼһ
ľǳĽܣؿݺ顣
ʮ, ڵ֪ۼұ˶Ϻɱý͡
Ÿܵĵȼ, ȵ嫡
ƳĸףԪӤڴԲŵ㡣
ƳһۣβŻԪ
ָƽ͵״ֻ̬ûаı,, Ȼۼҡ
ۼңȥ, ׵İ취
һ֮ĸ˸ϱ, һ·ȥѰ, һ·, صۼҡ
ᵽ, 뵽޴ڵڡ
ǰԺڡ֡
ı˱, ŴǣЦ㣬ȥǲ˺ġ
𰸣һ
˫ֱһ࣬Բ׷ɱǼѿڶȻ󱻽ʱ¡
뿪󣬰嫲򽭳Ϊʲô˵ô𣿡
°嫾Ȼø˿ռ䷨

ĬҡͷκŵɢһΣڵ˸ҾķҲǾǡ
Ʋ֪ǲķҪء
˵ž;һָֻë˵Բ
СưԴԻغͰ嫶ӣ󣿡
Ŵ۵С۵һèһ񣬽ŴǣѰץԼߣˣȥΪһֻˣز˼ңŰɡ
ɿָųߺ󣬲źҲܣʱȺһĲ˵һ٣
ûнӻֻԶĿ
ܾڱ󣬲Ÿܡ
Ǵε׷ɱҲȻǼ򵥵顣

֪޼ݳֺ󣬵һӦǶ硣
صȥͬеðǡã˶˵ɽһ༴ͨĵط񼣡
˵Ṭһˡ
Ϣһ
ǰ˵޼˵ṬŪԺˣǾϵۼҳѯ
õһ޼ǰ̽Ϣ
ʱڰ̾޼ݶʹ½֣ôһθôĶû֪ͨ½أ
һ·ŴṬԽԽ࣬ൽ˸вɽͷֲܶݡ
Ṭڹ̶УȻɺɻǰ˽бǱʵǰ԰ѳֹԴɢֻһߵá
ͨɢ޾ͱҿӵн£ܽṬ
ΡṬһ֮ھʹ˴½أҪ֣Ȼɲ֪飬ɢз֡
һӳը˹
ڼ˹֮̽ǰɢ޾ѾռˡṬڡ
ֵǣǸΪһٸͷѪ𣿡
ϵʱǡͷưش󺰣֮ǰϣû취ϣ˶Խȥ
Ҿһ䡪ҪҪȥ
ɤ˻꣬ɽﻺصһȺѶɢޡ
Ҫȥ
һȺһֵɢ̺Ӧһ߹һ
㿴ңҿ㣬ԥһ£ҧҧŴ󺰡
ѳôã˭ṬջһһһӶĻ
˵ʲô񼣣Ļʲӵ
һУת˲䣬ӵɽбһӵ
һȦΧξ۵ףüͷš
Լ黨裬ѵõġ
Щ˿Ⱥţûһע⵽ԼΧϵı飬ǴӦţϷ赽졢¶һͷͷҰޡ
صһͶͷ˰ѳֵϡ
һéСţڰգߵĽɫâӰ֡
Լǰˣ״ƲشʣֻԪӤµ߲ܽṬԪӤǿߣҲܽ𣿡
صԪһֱӸǹڳ˵ĺࡣ
ֳһŰİȵȺȴһ£˷׷׻ͷҿţȥ˺ȴЩã
վʯͷϷݽͷû뵽˷Լ㶣ƣȺѰҸոճˡ
˵Դͷ棬ոջģĴš
ոȺ˶ħҲҲ˵ˣͷ˵һ˫۵ҵĵϡ
ոաΣ
׶Եɢ̫Ѩ۵Ĺâ˸
һκͷ˺ò۳ķΧʧһɶɢŶͷ߿ٶЩɻ
ͷվʯͷ죬޺һ˦䣬˵ȥȰռţһͽȥ
½½࣬ԶûͷݽɢǻѣչϵΧһ𣬺ܿͷֳӪ
ոҲӪص
Žɽ·ƣϳ
˵ǼӪʵʱɵƱɢɢмλͽԪӤǿߣҲǼӪͷˡ
󲿷ֶǽߣڵߡ
һȦ󣬻ûֶṬô£޼
񣬽µʯӱһ·๾عţȻһֻŽɫѥµĽźᴩӲǰķ
Ի̧ͷһЦеά΢ЦĻȣͺС۾Сȡ
Ϊ˱ׯƣѶǰ鷢һɨգԵ÷߼ߡ
˱߰ͷһɨȥֻǵյԴ
𡭡գգۣɻ
΢΢°ͣЦſڣ۾СˣǲҲṬ
ǼӪеһǱ߻м˵Ķ
һͷѽ˵ܽȥ𣿡
ҡͷסļȻ󻺻ԵĻϣһЦеһСֵطǺΣյģҪҪһλǿŶ
ԣ۶׽ǿʦſ죬˵ӳŶһһʮ־ȳݵģ
˵Цʤˣйâ˸ɫеģôҪҪأ
״šü˼һȻصͷ˷ܵѽһûǿأ
Цȥļ磬ƾҪסٺЦ˵Ҿǽǿߣף
żԼ֣˼ҪҪȿΪ

޼½ܴԪӤǿҲҪ²ܺգҴլвɽһ·̣Ͱ嫷һһ/ҹǿһɽıԵ
ɽһȦһС俴˼˵Ӱ
嫺ϸŵĽ֡
˳Ű嫵ķĿѹѹһƬͷ
һһȦôô˰
䵽һϷԪչҰΧɨȥ
嫸ֹ࣬˵ǰɣ޼ݵʹȥˣĴôôס
˵ŲۼҲĴɣ̲ۼҳ⣡
ڹ۲ͷͰ˵ʱԶͻȻһʹļ
Ե
ѽͰһ˶һۣǰɷȥ
ģָͷһɳϡ
üƳǰС۾ˣֱ׳˵˲Ҫҡ
˰ָͷʹû߶µõָָһֻϻѪµΡ
˲ŭһŭĿԲڴԲѹ㳲˭Ūģ
ڳһƬţʶɨΧȦµ
ŪģƲƲ죬Ѿڶ۰ϣż˭Ҫң
һ漴Ųʩഺ
ݺݵһ۱ʹˣȻסС޹ˣǲҪ˵
˵ţɢĽڴԲѹ˲伯صһɳ
ͬһʱ䣬ϵֳ
ɳڸߣˡ
Ұ㣬ɨһۺǲСʦ𣿣
ɫͱ䡣
л˵



111 ŵһ
ڽǰ, ڴԲѹ
ֻн𵤶ףɱǶԪ
˰Χɢ˵һĻ, ȫȻ䵽ոոĽС
ΧϤӰԼǵѹϢȻ
̶Ԫѹָ΢, һȦΧֵ, 鶯˫Щ
ΪǰλСҪѪʱһǿѹϯһĲ˰, ӲƷߵǵѹ
߱ôֲԱԪ˺, ſǵನȥ
˭ؿڣ겻ҿš
Ǹոյ/Ϸ˶Ѿ˹ȥӪŲ֪ҪҪǰ
Ŀ֮£һ˦, Ⱥдǰ, ɫ䣬ûȫԪӤѹ
߽, ˲ŸܵɫĿֲѹ
ˣ۾һ, شȥ˵ش󺰣ʦ֣
ײ˸, һֻֽסס֫, Ȼ󲻶ɫѹ
ֻѹ
ԪӤڴԲѹƹ, ǵص, 󲻶ϸˡ
ֻǿ⿴ѹȺɫͱֱ䣬·һɽѹԼļϣһܶ
ں͵ͨ졣
һƬյϺ߶ѹתͷŵضס
⡢⡪
ɢʲôʱˡ
Ӫغųɢǿ࣬ѹ֮һϲϣ
֮£һδֻ߶ӣڲưķŭ¶һࡣ
Ҫһڻ赹ڵصľ
ټɽһŮεΧǲˡ
뵽ͷŭѣŭѹѹס꾲ĺһһӪҲ˹֣омԪӤɢޡ
˴ӵͼһĻŤͷԼϴ󣺡˭ȻѰͷˡ
ʵλϴǰ߼Ȼ˼ˡ
ˣ
࣬أһ߶˵ˣɻؿڡ
˭û̵ˣڳŻ˿ĵؿڴ
ߣ

ͷʺŵǰߡ
ֻǰһɫڱ䣬æˣಢ硣
ɫôǻǿ߰ɣǰǰɣ
ȻΪʲôԪﻹſռ֮
ܰ⺧ȻԪһľ
˵ѹֱˣֻܸܵܣѾԪӤڵļȷʵֱ۸ܵѹĿֲ
ɫѾֱ䣬ɴһϿҵض˵ɢ޵һˣˡ
෭˸ۣû
νɢ޵һˣṬһһԪע
עĵҪתֱܹԪ
࿿ǼһԪһ·ŹԪӤڵż嵽ԪӤס
ֻ֪ԪӤףû֪Ṭ£û֪ܹԪע
ڽṬ֮ǰ໹û˵Ԫע飬ṬĴʱһĸǵϸߡ
޼½ǧ꣬δֹԪעʣҲûܽԪֱע뵽ڵ
ӲҪҸƵطֻ뵽ֻṩһԪ߳żˣҲ
õԪע㷲˺þãֱΪԪӤ׻ûֺ֢ʱŷ
ϧûʸһεṬ
տϧ꣬½д˵Ṭˣûѳ֣ɢ޷ֵڡ
˵ľҲԼѾԪӤ޷룬ֱεڣִŵҪŪԪעôһ¡
οһԪעŸֱ
ԪӤڣһܽ룬ֻݿϧ
໹ڻʱɢеĵλԪӤģվһüô߲ȥҲµˣ
ָ˺ͱİãǸϢȻҴҸġ
౻ûӰڰ֣ӣˡ
˵庬˳ֽԼɢҵĳ˳˸̶֦סȻӦ죬һſϰŵƨ
ӵվһ࣬ɫһֲ̧ǰ氭µȺȥ
ֻһһͣȻ庬ֻЦӲͷƤǰߡ
ҲѶ̶̼䣬ӪеλԪӤǿһãһھ̾
û֪λԪӤǿһҲǰߣԪӤڣûܸܵѹĿֲ
꽭߶ܲ
ֻΪԼ˸һ׵ԪӤǿߣȻţ־ĵز
ǿԼͷֻһϽߣͻһ׼õ˵ǽϣһ仰˵
һ˲վԱɨ̾һͻƺܡ
һȻû˵ŤͷϧһЦûߵĻ
ƳһۣЦǺǣô֮ǰӲúܣ
û
ߵĺڿУŵؿȥ𣬸оԼתǰʱӶ졣
ڳ²ؼӵˡ
ֻͨԪӤǿ
ǺɶйϵĴڡ
亹ֱð˫/ȷͨһ¾̱ڵϣߡ۲ʶ̩ɽҡҡ
ɪڽŪѣĮŲۣȺϡĵطȥ
嫴˸ڣߺԱ߻ԵһۣȻֺڲϣЦеĨһ¡
߻һͷزֱ
ԶԶ嫡
嫴ſջ֣߸ߵӦˡ
ֺǺǵת
ٶȱһأ׷
һͿǻ˵طڵûŪתҴҸȥ
һֱĬɢԪӤʱſǺҴҸϵһˡ
庬۾һײһײ࣬ǽڴԲɣ
Щ˷ܣбȼ͵Ĵˣ
пڶϵ𣿡
庬գһۣ˵
Ҳ͸ҵĸоΣգҲ
¡
δǻǿߡ
üλЦݻУûס̧һüģһĨӰ
Ϥ
벻
ˡ
ҡҡͷ˱˵ɣǱô㡣
ָŲԶéСţ𰸡
Ӳզզأ˽ȥҲ¶
˵꣬תˡ
庬˵ķ죬ʾ뿪Ŀĵء
治ɫȥǼҲ쵽ˣԼǣҪͻ
ᵽɣ庬ؾκҲŲǴ򽻵
һ£ǵǼ˲ˡ
뷨࣬Ҳȥ£һǼˡ
ܡһڷڲǣ֮Ҳˡ
庬̾һû˵
˰ϷΪɢеĵһˣվ˳о֡
˵Ǵо֣ʵǰѻȥϵӪȻٰǾۼǿԴɢ飬鵽༸Ӫ
ǿԷ飬ȻԸ⣬ֻǱƮƮɨһ۾ˣһ仰˵
飬һ䵽ǽĵط
ǹȥһΣ֮⣬վǰҲ뿪ҲǣʮΡ
ֻ˵˸ţѾڵľǶôվ
Ƴվŵˡ
Ŀ⣬ΪҪԼֱͦӣ̧Ҫǰߡ
൱ǰֵס뿪
Цһͣǡߡ
Įظ뿪
˸ŸҲҷֻû뿪
һֱעߣߺ庬Цãű/ȣҲ𣡡
ӡͻȻ
ԣ庬Цݻͷ
ָָգģˡ
ͬһʱ䣬Ľ˲ס̧ͷ졣
ֻһۣɫ䡣
嫵һôλˣ
ɻһۣԵͷտڽʾ£ڷĵط
ֻҫһǳǳĽ⣬ǽͰǿƻֱӺԹȥ
ǳ⣬ɽǿߡ
޼½Ҳôһλϡ䱦
ŵһϣʱɡ
л˵



112 λСѣǲǼ
ͬһʱ, պػʹ⣬ɫ࣬Ȼһ֧ΪŶӡ
庬۾, ûסֿڣʮ˵ôǰȫɵĽ𵤶óһȦ컹
졣Ĭһȷ
庬šüȷ
侲ǰǵ, Ƕɽǿߡ
޼½ϵʼ, ɽٽνɽ٣Ϊɹ, ̤գ𻯳
ǳɫԪ, Ƕɽǿߵһ־
ѣ庬ſֵǳɫâסβŵT
˵ɽߵĶǿӲֹס˼ֵĿ, , ƽһ´ʱ顣
С
ƽȥ
庬ҧǣɽǿʲôֽ֣ȥ
ͬĶԻҲڽݡ
ֵ̧üǰ̫, ֱʱɶ󷢿
, ɲ
嫿, Ƶ޼¶Ĵ帺, ʱǲһ˵, ҲֻǳṬ
˵, ˵Ŷˣأ
ӦҪġһ£üʱɶˣЩµĻδػЧ
˵һԼͣ
ֵøδ˵ĻʱֽȥṬ𣿡
ʱɽȥṬЩֻڹ档
һ뵽Щ飬Ϳʼͷʹ
صһҪ𣿡
һҲЩ̵ôۼϽ糤ֻ¶棬ǰ졭ǵΡ
˵λصۼϽ糤´ָ
Ҳѹͷһôлԡ
ۣ˼Ƭ̺ȻУ㲻ܽȥ
죬뷴ûе
ţһָһ¡
ôˣüͷ
֣һһָסȧǣһඥ
ۣü嫡
Ұǿת˸
Ұһߣոŵ˾ӳ

嫴յ˵ĻǸʱɣһؾͶ㿴ˣȥ
ĸ֪ȽҪãʱɿĵһۣ͸ܵ
סţֻܱȽʱɵĶӡ
ţʱɷΪ½һɽǿʱעȫ½һɵĵλ
ʱɷʧ꣬䷢˷ǳ飬Ŷһµʱɻ󣬻δϹλĴڡ
ʱȥʱǳĿӵӰӡ
˵ʱɻܲӵİݼɽ棬ͺٽӼ˲֪Ļʱɶķվ
һæýвŵض˵İ̸
ʱɺӣǱߵȻҲǡ
ʱֻϢϤһʱ䲢ûϳһݡ
ʱʱһ࣬߬һεġ졹ƳԵŵνض
ʶ֣εؽͣҺⵤʦʶ
ǡ졹ֱչʾŵǿϵĺɫӻζ
ţӵĵܵܡ
ҽܣٻһϵƣŵǶһۣʶȺӵмӡ
ʩͶһۣͬĸߣȴӸ°ɨ㣬£
Ц֪ΪṬģͲ˽һڵ״
ӳ˼Ƭ̣ǿ̧̧ӣȱ»һ۵â
˵
ϲؽŵӰΧȦС
ʱվһԣ˹߶δӵǡ
ͬһλϵ㲻ܹܣ
ʱƮƮƳһۣܡ
˵꣬˵Ųֱֱһȥ
ųϣ
ʱɳԼ
ʱɻûϳɻڽϻһȻ󻺻ƽƣ䵽ϡ
λˡʱɻۣȻǾˣȾ䣬һΣкιɣûҪôĶɡ
һ㶺ŷӦںԼ˵
ʲô嫿¿Ǻʱɵ˼ЩЦãⲻģ
ʱΪ޴үû콵嫵˫ԼǰһXΪԼ֤ףҲǸģһ˵飬İɸûйϵ
ʱĬ˰ΣŲĿ⣬һԵĽλСѣ֮ǰǲʶ
ʱʶ׽
ʱ֪׽ǽ
ʱûˣ
ڲĺʱ죬ϵʱպȻٴλһ⣬漴Ǹɫθں󷽼۶
ͻĹâ˵ע⣬˳̧ͷ뿪ʱɴ߷Χ
һߣӸۿͷվͷһ̵Ķ顣
׿ЩâʱڴߵЦݻʧ
ջߣеȲ֪ʲôʱˣڼأš
֪ΪΣǡɴ˸С͵ӣֻǰеů⡣
âؽ䣬ԭΪŵ겻ɢӪԽ֡
庬ۿȥ㱬˴ֿڣһӵĽ𵤰
ȥǻʮλĽǿߣȸոյҪ࣬۶貵ɫ庬Ϲˡ
൭ţ˭õóĶ顣庬ƲƲ죬ֹһǣ֮ӡ
֮ջ䣬ͣһϸߵɽϡ
²ظߵңʦ֣鴦֮ȥҿȥҽ
Դһ֪׽ǽɴ𾪵ΣȻڴһμ
ѾһѸ壬ͲдֵǸ飬׼ڡ
ָһ£ѵȰǰ鴦á
ɱ죬ֻò͵һéСݡ
ҪΪŵĳ֣͵Ҵլ
ʲôʲӵṬһǼٵģϽʹ߾ɴȲأʮȷṬ֡
޼ǰ˼֣æš
ԶͷܶˣһĹΪʲôôˣ
ǶǸողյϢȺɢǴģ
»һȦɨéСǰ˼˵ĳ棬Ա߿
ԶԵ滢ţͼһѯ״Ķ
һȦ£ȻסԶһ˵ϣȻʶۣΪԼˡ
ôˣµɷʦֵɻƹ㿴ʲôˣզһ𾪡
½ӲסһҺ񡭡
ˡ
ɣ
һ˲Ȼأأ
ŽǸϸϸؿţü
ǡ
ǰ
ʱɣ
뵽ϴεչ϶˵Ĺϵ
ʱѾ֪ǽҲǰ׽
һ£תɣߣҲȥ
л˵

ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ-ôôգ


113 ׽ҺҰͻ
հʱɵľ, ͼһϤӰ

һͣо̫Ѩͻͻ
˺󣬰ü, ת˽һֻЦݡ
ƽ飬Զ
Ӱ·϶һӦողĿﰵﲻ֪ж˶
ۼ, ӸովͲ޴Ը, ҧҧеˡ
ˣ˶, Щԥ
һ·߹߻̽Եغͽ, Щѯʡ
ܺ˵
ûطһۡ
ոŪĶСж˲֪ж٣һڣЩýָͷ붼֪Ҫ￴ˣǻҪ̵Ĵڻ
˼, ɴȷ, ΢Цشк
ЦöЩҧгݡ
һµؿԼʦ, ٿԱЦѵʦˣ󿴿Լⷽˡ
̧תתβ, Щɻ
ʦʲôʱʶЩֵֹˣ
ýһʺ, һ, ڵйâ˸, дۿɼļ
ӿٶ, ߵǰ
⶯ùʱ뿴ѡ
ȻƳ򽭳
̬֮ˣزǳˡ
ʱĿƣͷƤⷢ࣬뿪ں˵תһעʱԶڵسһӰ
ɴżĳɳֱ۾ôģ㵸Ͳг
ֻüһۣһ˲ɾͳ嵽ײ˸
磡ȵغţͷʱȴҧŴεǸ֮ǰһֱΪ㡪
ϵصǸͻȻһֻ֣קס죬ٰεض𣬽յƶһԡ
ɱһŲӻͷֻһģӰӡ
һμ䣬ֻסӰﵶ̰°ͻȣһ˫ʮֲõĳȻתѣεɫպƶ䡣
ͻϮʱɶ֮ſֲڽǰλꡣ
Įı飬ʱûжӦ֪ݵǰֽסκ״̬ɡ
嫡ỽ˰嫶ɵĵѹ
嫺ʮֲѺõк뱣һ۾롣
¶ػع񣬵Ÿ۾嫣첻֪Ҫզڡ
嫣Ŀ¶˼򽭳Ͷȥһɻߡ
εǰ̧嫡
嫻ǵ֮ǰվǱʱԽļʮֲ˳ۡ
ǳ⣺
ɿͷôһҪѽײɣ

֪֪仰кܴ壿
ֻΪ嫵仰һ˲䣬Ȼʰ飬ʱɼ
ʱɵߵȤڽͰһȦ
磿
ս
üһӵĻѹ£Ȼſͷ
һʱû׷Žʣת̸
ʱɵָʵյʲôϢ
һһȦԼ׷ΧûˣѹÿͱȻ޼ݡ
ʱɫδֻǵͷҵⶼһ
ڳ˶һۣʶŪԼķβü
ⲻǸϢ
ڸյ޼ϢһֵȴṬ
һ뵽ǧ£޼ݵĹۼҼ̳˶£ΪʲôǾôõϢأ
ȦһһģƫƫǸܺӵľ޴ն
ﲻֹЩСᣬλ½һˡ
ʱǰˢУ˵жͣ
ƮʱɣȴʱԶéСţɫ˼ʲô
ĬԺʱջȿڴ˳㻹ϵϰ׽𣿡
ԣڳһ㶣ʶҪ򽭳ȻӲֹסԼĶ
΢΢üʱɣʱֻ˶
ֻӲͷƤʣ𣿡
ʱҲûأԼæⶾ
ⶾ֣۾ڵһʲô
֪׽Լʦ֣Ȼλ׽ݣڶԶȤ
ʱɵ˵֣Ƕ
һ˶ɫ
ⲽӣ˼ǶɲýⰡ
ʱɡšֱӵǲý⣬ûнⷨ
ÿɷȻ˷ΪʲôҪҰ׽Ϊܽⶾ𣿡
ʱҡͷ֪
˷ܽסҲ𣿡
⻰ʱʮʧֹһΪжء

Сһ
̧ȭסЦһ
̧ͷ죬û
ֹ󣬺۾һŤͷʦ֣һȥɣһûǶأ
ʦ֣
ĳƺʱݡ
ʱƵڽϴתȻüЦһҲ֪Цʲô
ûдӦһС˴ӲԶ߼ͣСǣҪҪ
һ۾ϳͷ˵ݣ򽭳ɢ﹫ϵͷߣ࣬ʮԪӤס
ʮԪӤףڸԴбвʲôɢУѾǼٳֵš
̶һ仰ĽУͣԶֻһߵǸǰ
Ϊ׵˲߽ʱɶûжֻ΢΢ףòλΪṬ𣿡
࿪˵ʱҲڴ
ӻͷǰǰôͻȻðṬˣ֪ʲô𣿡
ɵĸʱû䳡
ԣЩؿǣǶûյйṬ𣿡
ҡͷ̾ûУﶯ̫Ƕû䡣
ס漴ѸٻéСš
һ仰ڵ
Ṭ⣡
ʱƵһƮ嫣żЦ⣬Ĳ֪﷢ʲô
ΪڻԼɴϳģ治֪ƭǹ
޴үŲԽȥ
ʱɴĪôһ˼ĬĬŴǣû˵
۾·ΪĲŶʮ
ֽԼסʱɵߣ̾Ĳ㱣֤
˵䣬΢΢ſָ⣬һɫĹ׹ĵȻѸʧ
ʱɶĶ
׹ӣƽȻҡ
׹ֻ˶̶һ˲䣬ʱɾѾ׹ģεġ졹׹һʱɲƵĹ𴽽ǣ˵͵͵Цʮá
Ȼ㡣ʱЦۣոյ䵭һɨգһع飬ҺҰ
˳Ϳ𣿡
ȻҲŰʡ
صıǲ̫ע⣬ɵͷ˶Ｗ͵ѣɴ಻ˡ
ýЦõĵӣʱɱ֣ЦģҲ
嫵˸ۣϺ꣡
ʱɹЦ
֪ʿĬȻ
֪ʿֱ̧ק䣬ɻʦ֣ڴʲôأ
һλ֪/ʿֱӱۿ棬ԪԼԱʾʲôûʲô²
ʱڷŹ嫣ת࣬ãѹա
СӣҲøˣ˵ʲôֱ˵ɣļ˶
ʱѹܴһͷԽʡ޼½йԪȵĹ𣿡
ʱɻڣǴ½ϵĵһˣҲݵĻʷ
ʱɶ֪ĸ֣½֪ˡ
뷨ԭ㷲ԥҪҪ½һˡ
ĸǣʮ꣬ʱ䲻ûܳɢ룬Խħһ֪ʲô
ĸֺεؿʱɡ
Ԫע
ʱĸ֣Ц۽ǻģ
࣬ѹͻıѹϣŭ
סͷ͵øѵһһ͵Сᡢ
ʱɻʱͻ䡣
տͨ͸һ˲䰵ɫᡣ
ȵ˷Ӧһġ¡£ЮŽƬ̹âȻը
顪
̶һ䣬ʹûиоըǧƬʬ
ѪأѪҿڸΡΡҡεʲϡ
ʲ˲ήɷĩ
ŵ˴ԭأȻǰƬѪأһʱ䲻֪Լںδ
л˵



114 طħޣɱ
ͻһ, ʱɱѸٷڿա
ֻ̧ӳԪšŻԼļȫ
һ˲˸ովĵطͱâ˵ѷԨ, ˸߶֮ས˰Ѫ
ʱɺ͵رأŲƵķŭ¡
Ӧʱšһͻ, ޼½δҪ˴룡
ʱɻ³һ, ŭ
ѹŻով˻Լ࣬Էһ, ʱûչϵԪ
һ⣬˲ź֪ķӦ, վʱɵԪ棬亹ֱð
һ£ǳǳ𾪡
ո, ʲô
ʳлŵеĻֲ̿
˻ںµʱ, 嫺̧˫
üͷֻж¡, һһ󣬷·ض, ҰΧֻлĻɫâƬ
ججʱ, ֻвĽɫӰȱ
嫣
һʱ䷢˰嫵, ǰһסļ, ʣôˣ
ǰĻ绹ûɢȥ, ̫Ѩͻͻۣػش𣺡ãû¡˻
һֱϮڶϸӰ˷ܵشӱѷмʼռԭɫӰ߼ŭһһĺУŭѡ
Ｗ˸ָĻ棬û취罻
üû˵
Ѿ֧ţɴסѰԼ˽һ𣬽ܸܵˡ
Ŀ֮£ջŭֱӿˣһۣɫӡ
ǣ

ס嫺һ˾ߡ
̧ͷƬ𽥰ƶ䣬ɫ䣬ºЦһɨգ˶̲ס˸
ʱɵŭ⻹δƽϢԪаת
򽭳һۺ󣬿ڵһסǡ
˵䣬ʱϯ𵭽ɫԪշȥ
ڳʱɣʵǿͬ೤϶ȲϽʱһ۱㿴
ûһǰķӦʱ䣬Ҳû˰ʱ䡣
ʱɾ̫ԶԭµԪʼʧЧһθܵ紫Ϣѹ
һַס嫣һֻԪǵʧԪ
˶ٸв죬ʶȺ֮ǰǵӰ
Ȼڳûһʶλһʱǲ֪ǸþֻǸøм
½ʲôʱһλǿߣ֪
ӾشǸӰջߣͬһλϣϣʶ𣿡
ϺʱɹϵãʱʧٵһʱϾʱɵɽ粽룬ʱſ߳ɽ
ɨһӣĺƲ£ʱʶˣô
һͣ޵ǣ𴽽ǣЦֻǺ桭
㲻Ҫĺġúϻһ仰ȥȻ˫ֲսӣ̧ǰߡ
ЦݽϣһоԼĺڷڡ
ͷ
ѹס߷˦Ķѡ
Դʱɻһжˣ
ǲݿƵʧز
ӰסŭƽŵķȻοɵĵӣʱڣصġ
СýңңͶһۣȻ󵭵Ʋ
ʱ˿ֻ̣ڰϡ
̹һҵʹعʱЩ
ôס΢΢ʩĬڻ𣿡
嫻˻ķһɡ
ҪûҪָͷ
ʲôƨ
϶زס

ˣ㻹á
Ʋ죬Žֱֱһչ¶ڿ֨졣
ȵһ֪ĸͷλųһ̹ˡ
ۼŰۣ߹ʶضסŲۣɨһ۰嫵ĶͷĬ
ϵĶͷϣһ˲͸ܵ˵עӣлͷƣһͳɳƵͷ
ͰˣһƲܣȴ˺޶ǲû仰һ㡣
Ǽǵͼ𣬡ŵ֮ϣλСѡͷн˸֣ڻһ°ɣ˶ӣ֦
󣬽һ⣬λҲǽɽڵǿˡ
ŷԼԪˣһѸ£Ԫͷˡ
Ŀһλ԰ݵˣֻ߶ȣȥ⣬Ʒͬһ㡣
˶ԼİֺŰ嫣Ŀ
嫱﷢ëֱӸпʱϵĸ֪еһƴ
һ仰ʱ죬Ҳʱ֪
ԣеľĬ
˵ͼƬѪɫƶɫȥǻָԭȵƽ
עյûסһֻǽٺЦݻûϣҰڵйâͳʧ
ڳ͵ذһƬţֻ˽循ֵĺоͷը
۾ǿͷ
ʱɴӿһ·½Ϣ΢ֻܿ½ٶȣһ͸֧Ԫ
ͬʱշ磬ջŻ谵ѪȵƲһһɢȥһƬγ졣
γһ澵ӣӳӰ
ʱѾ˼²ǿסΡ
ϷǰһѲסüͷԪľˣ
ʱѪɫԪޣܲκβдĿռ֮
ʱɿ˵ձһγ춯
۵һһ䣬ڳÿһϣǱƵۣпڰյǵéš
һ֪˭ľ˳űˣűˣ
סѣۣ͵ǵŵéһһ/ȥ/ȥȻɫһƬῴӡ
ڿУԼԼܿж䶯ĺۼ˳»ĺˮ·ıԵҪβεģ
ʱһһηŽĽɫˮΡ
ͬһʱ䣬Щϵ⿪ʼ˱仯
ȷԵģǰ嫡
Ӱʧˡ
ػͷһֻĽɫԼ֡
ʶ򽭳һ֮£Цˣôֱʡ
ô˳󿴣˲ס
ıһŵɫĹ⣬һŽɫâĻӰ
ֱӻһɵߡ
Ŵһ۽ٿһ۰嫣ԱӰһϢࡣ
󽻵ɫӰɫӰ
ԱλۼҵʦãҲǴɫ
ҲŷԼ˵ͷ
Ȼõصߡ
ɶŽˣŵһۣ૵ǡ⣬ⲻ޼ݵâΪʲô
޼ݣâ
Ƿ̤޼ݵĵһҲǼħ޵ݡ
ħޡ
˾Ȼħޡ
ԱǸޣֻϻӰӣ
ǸŮģҲޣɫвݵӰӡ
ħޣԾŪ壡
ɱǣɱħǾܻˣ
޼һʮǰڳв˼޼ݣҲâϴ
ûμӹ޼ݵôҲ˵޼ݣ֪/ը£֪
ޡħ޷Ѿǧ֮ãͳΪ
ڽǧѱ£ͳ߼ֳһӦǶǰͻȻâĺȻǶųġ
ϣ޵ײ
ħޡ
򡪡
ɱ⣡
ַһ˸߹һˣոջΨΨŵŵΨһȺȺ鼤ܣ޲óһѽ˴ж˿顣
ⲿˣǴھͱطɵӡ
ȫȻЩħޡһΣŸһС
л˵
ϻи¡


115 ħ
ڿ֮, Ա߽Ҵɢȴ
ڴ½ħ޵ĸûͳôûС, ҲȻûзɵִ
ɵӷŭžҪǰɢ޵Ӿͱɢرм䣬ʤЩЦ
, ۿҪ仯, ֪˭ɤӴһȥǻʲôʱ˻/ҪҪɱħޣոûڣˣ
һ仰ǧˡ
ͿЩͳ߲ˬ庬
庬ɨһԲĬ, ĬͬԼ󣬵ˡ
ԼԪӤһ׵ʵ, ЩμṬڶħ޺ɱĵһһɻȥô˵òԣողǻǣ
庬ָ򽭳ţֻǰһȫ/ǰǣɵӣ
ɵӱùѪͷ, ŭ, ǲղס
μṬĵʶͣοȻɳĵ, һޱȣֻԼɵʦ֡
һ֪ðɢָű, һ, 첱Ӵ, ɤӾҪȥ
ۼȺֲصĵҪ, ŭ, ǳ⣺ԸħޱˣԼȥ
һֱв²⽭ݣʵֻǾ컯Ūˣȴȫû뵽Լ˿ʽеӱظ־أ
ֱ޲ɼ

ոշѵĲŵǴסΪԼˡ
һƬƳҪħͬ۰ܻŵ
˶ԼֱͦˣҡӣԽ⣬֪ħ޾壬޼½۵㣿ΪŵȻ˴
ƨ£
û˵ɾŲˣֱֱɾȥվ˱ﻹ˵
һ㶣û뵽㾳¾Ȼ˸ð֮ħ˵
ɸոֻûͷһʱסˣڻعֱ˫ֲӣݺݵɨԼŵӣɷʮ㣺ո˭ͷ˭Ľʺүվ
ֵغһɵģͷ˵ʹ˻֪ڲһ¶ʲôңɵ
һһŵӣʵҪǣȻɵӡ
ոɵӳͷ
Ľʺ
ɫڳҡȶ˿У߬ȱֱ
ƳɣħƲ㹫Ȼ֧ħޣǺξģ
һȡžغ£ڿлһߺָԼˣڳһλӲ
죡
ɳƵһǳղ룬ӣȥֲ˵
ͻûϣͫͷңңǲʱɵͷЦˣϣĪҲ֧ħޣҵû뵽žȻȲҲ塪
ʱɳǱӡϻֱӶƮƮʱ֣ȻջߣţûǵΪһã⡢١
ҧüأ˵ֻûʸ񷴲ʱɵľ
гϵĵλΪһһ飬Ӯ˴ҵϿɡ
ֻʱɳʧٺ󣬱һǿµ˶ѡ
Բ˳
Ϊ۲ΪùܣʱɻˣȻٹô⡣
˼ˣէֱ֣ӱһԪ
ɫԪڽɫԪ֮⣬֮һδΪǿ֧֡
𺳵ĲϵĻųǹԪ
ɫ
ǿߡ
ɫסŵĵס˽֮˵˶סˡ
ʱʧʱϲſԪӤھŽס
ԪӤڴԲϿ֪飬ѾĬȻԪӤڴԲļޡ
֮ʱ䣬ôֱӿԲϻڣ
ӽԭء
ص̫ˣ
ڳڶŵӣϵڶųϣûһ֪ͻˣ
ӺڱǻУȻϸոǾ䶼Ļ
ѵ
ѵͷҲˣ
һʱЩң˽ᣬû
ʱʧûлϵǿҲ޼ɵ˵͸Ҹǲݡ
ӻڿֻʱʱڻָһԪоǣոշ˺εȺ֮¡
ʱɳϰڰ֣÷ңӡ
˵ԼЦϵĵ»վֱӣ׼ڵķתͰ嫣Լ
ԪɫӰ
һУֻʱɵ˵ǧ֮ǰħޡޡޣ½ٻţδʲôȼƶ֮֡
޼ЩͳµħŵħսǷ˵ħţħ޵Ļ·
㡢ңޣħޣڣ
ʱɻָ̧֣Լָ򽭳
עԲľһˣЦζ⣬ҲеǰҵЭڴظ֮٣
һ
߬ȭͷźɫأû˿еѪ졣
ĿռУֻʣʱɵһһΪˣҿħ޵ɴ
˵ԪӰǴɫģޡԪӰڵģħޡ
һһ㶵ģϺ󣬾ʣûǩԼΪʲôҲħޡ
ħ޵ûʲôǺԭ
ʱɿһӰֵɫֲЦһΪۼˡ
ŵúܵͣһӽ˶ƮҲֻ仰
Ȼ
֮ǰۼʱ˵ڵۼѪܴں˴½жءҩһ㡣
ɵĳ̶Ȳߣܹٶ֣Ѫ
˼ˣƮ䵽ϣٻؿʱɣԣעħޣҲ߲޼𣿡
ʱ̾һǡźɡ
ȴ۾һЦ˵޼ֲﶼѾռ˸飬ۼҴͲħĲˣħʲôʱ򿪣ȥ׼
ΪĴļ̳ˣȻ֪޺ħ޵ľҲ֪ħҪߵħš
һ㶼źֻԼ縺ΣۼҴξ䵽ͷˣ
Ͼۼ˶ûȥħ
С˫ģʱɵ˿һͣ׷򽭳
ʦô뺷𣿣
ȭڴߵЦ٩вһ˲һţСʦãҿ㣡
һʦֵͽܣʦ壡ʦ壡
嫣
˸ۣ֡
ڳ嫱Ӱµݵ¡
ĳĴָǿ
ʱɿЦһ˵ĳɢĵ׵Цſһѻ
ˣ˵¡
˵ʱ΢΢̧ͷӣڵ۵ףȻ󵭵ջߡ
ĻͲģվԱߵ庬̧һ֣Сӣһɡ
δ½һҪ£庬һϲ⣬æ߹
ʱɼϸ˵ոǳγ͸վͻ⣬һ澵Ӱ㣬ͨ͸
ڳ˵ĵӰӡ棬ϵһ붼˷ǳ
Ȼһ˲а㿪ʼתһڵӰ֣Ȼ뻮һǵѾӵԭéСȥ
һһԹнǧˡ
㾰ʱֻԸǴ˵ڴӲҪˡ
䣬ʱյĿռлÿһ˶ס
ںǺ΢ͷйâ˸ơ

һֱŵСڣѯʣСүҰһѣ
ӼʱϣһֻȺϡ
Ⱥˣָľվʱ࣬ʱɻ˱ȦһȺˡ
˵֣ԳһƴСɫĸֺɰϸȥк
סٽӹɰͷûҶʡ
ͷ֮ʱ޵Ŀ庬һ
ȷĿѸжװµӴŵȺ˳صдɢӪ
ɫɰһţ֪ǿİ˼ػعͷ
ȺɨһۣȻü֣ôܵڵԪ
ڣѭͷȺãã޴Ӳ
ʱΣͷĺɫӰѾӽǵڴţʱͷԴ嫡Ͻûж˼ȥ顣
⻰ڽ˸ȻֻԪ
ͬһʱ䣬޼½ÿһ͸ɫɴ
ɴʵԪߺպ紩
ʲô
ܿȲ߶ʶ̧ͷԻؿͷƬɴ
Ƭ̣ɫıɴʼãԼԼ͸ֹ
ٹϢԳģģӰ˲ԼͬĵɴۣŻԽıɴ
Ȼܹȫʱ˻ȻͫҴҺֶԭأ֪Ҫж
ͷһ污ɴŵˤвյ漴ŭ죡г֧Ԯ
污ɴ֮ϣȻѭṬȥڱɽˡ
½һʱɣ
ǲϮĺɫӰֻһƬѣΣԸ֧Ԯٹ˲ֱ࣬½ټ
ټһ˲䴫ķֻŭ֮»֡
ħ顱
л˵
˫Ŷ



116 ׽֮½
ݲ֪ǵѾİɴ½, ʱڣǿԵС
ӰϮ֮ǰʱֻüһ䣺ħ, ӰһжǻþһסΪϣ
ֻüһĹЩӰѾͨɫֱ¡
ڳǧ, ձǧӰ, һӰһˣڳ˶
ħ
þ
էһʵʱֵ︡ıǵħŵѡƶȡ
͵Ťͷ, Ȼõؿ϶ߡ
⣬пǵħŵѡΣ
ħŹΪ, ӰĹûô£ѡδӺζ˿ǾǸҪˡ
嫿ѾԼǰĺɫӰ, Цһ, ȻϻûԪֱӾۼֱߡ
, һӣͨ׵ĳ
ӰԶ˵ļˮƽһһ, 嫵ʵǱӡ, ʱǳ˰׻ĸħ, ڳûһӦ
ʧ, ոǵǰĺӰ, Ȼ˲ﻯΪʧ
ȻǵħŵѡΣ˾һʵħź޼½ķӡɶ𣿡
һѸոճԼĻһ洫޼½ѾˣλӡʧЧԤʱһ꣬û˷֣Ҳ֪ͨϽ޲ӡ
˻һĨ˼Խлǲ֪Ӻζ뷨쵽ûץסǵħӰѾƮǰ
Ӧս
ûԼʶɢڽΧƱ
ֻһȦ/еزһ˿ԡ
ͣסǳ⣬漴£ͨ¼ˮǵȥ
ǵϣѾ̵ĺɫˮ״һſż¼ˮ
ôļ¼ˮӦ˰嫸ոյǾ仰ôֱʣ
¼ˮĸ֣һŰѺӰ߿Ȼó֮ǰٰ׽ʱõߣϡ
һ˲䣬Ѿߣó߻һһ񣬽Լݳת˲ͱ˰׽
Լ̫ӣڲ֪˭ڿ¼ð׽ݱһЩ
ںԼǵɫӰҲٴβһһʽϹһһʽҲǽϤĹʽ
һһƽڳԿԪһֱģȻ·硣
ָоʮֹ죬ɺͺӰϵĳʱǰѺɫһΪ߳ԼϮֱǰ嫻δʱķɡ
ǣɣ侪㵣ҲܿطӦɴɣöؿռԵС
ѣ
嫡ǡõӰϵĺɫŭѹסһħţħѡһһԭز治ѡι
ɿް׻רȻҲӰѧȥˣ
޵ϱַ
ŭһĥĥתһȦ󣬽ɫʶյ߸⣬ħսħɹнġ
һַסӰȻ󱻺Ӱһ߶һʣʲô
嫣Ԫע
ǸոᵽĶ
һͶĵӰڣֱʴ룬ųʵҿԵõԪ
Ȼ嫰ЦֱӽսӰԪ
˻
õһ
һ£ԽԪӤڴԲҪԪԪҲǰӰԪ
˷𣬽ʱʱ׼˽ǰӰ
ۼŽֱֶؿռ֮æͣȵȵһû˵ꡣ
ϼںϵֶӲϣ
̴žž죬ħ޵ˣͨ˵ħŵսҲûнһѣһȫˣ͵ǵսȻħ󣬵õĽҲ࣡
һıڽǰһסȷ
һǧˣһǧλڵߣҲ㹻ԪӤһҪԪˡ
οǽǿߣԪӤǿߣл񡢶ɽ٣
ԪӤԲ뻯Ҳ֪ҪԪڳôӰӦҲ˰ɣ
۷Ź⣬ɴ˦ԼǰֵǮֱͷʱɡ
ӦԵħӰͬһһ߱˵ħսһҪԼѰͻƣҪսħľþ
ʱɸոסĻĲ־Ǿþ
ӰƵƲ˼άֻҪܴԼĳ·ȡʤħսѾĻþ
ʱڶӰĪչԻкӰԼħ
ꡣ
ʱһθӰ̫󣬽ֱֱʱɺӰ֮䡣
ʱɼ֣еĳ޲һͳ鵽ˡ
㡪
ʱɱ˸𽭳çײͷͿżϤİĸѵͱں΢飬ôְóˣ
Цһ£𣺡ʱɳϣ԰Ҹæ𣿡
þò񣬱֮ǰˡ
ʱʹŲۣһްѺĺӰ鿪ޱ飬˵ɣС
ɣ嫶ԸĺӰȻյʱС
ʱʱʱӳһӦһԼĺӰȻؿȷ
ͬһʧˣҲס㡣
Ц뻢Ѩɵûӡ
ԱΧǴתʮİɫҲµţģŵͷĶ
ʱɷֳһʮİѳ޻
Ц̧֣˲ʮĺһͣУ˽Ϊ׻Ϊɡ
ɡʱɸһ飬漴һЦ֣
˵Žһ·½ֱ档
˵ĺɫӰҲ֮䣬һ
䵽ʱʱԪһˣźӰһ
˻ûֶʲôʱɵʶ䡣
ͷż䵽һӰǳǳһ£оϢѾ˷ܵȡ
嫲ûʵ壬ŵʶڽƮţˣûȻᣬһһɱ𣿣
ͨԹһת嫾֪ҪʲôڶԼһ죬õĲȰҪȰ裡
ʱɾȻֹ
ƮĽɫӰŤͷʱɣֹ
ĳ/Ѿûʼ򣬡ˡ
嫣
ɫӰ͵ػ񣬾ͼǰѾ˲ɫԪ
ģģ׵ģҵģ
вʺɫģ
һһŵĶء
ȴͶŶ߶ءǶ⣬ֹŲ֪ĸء
һ飬ιιι֮ǰںֶذɣǱŻȥģ
֮ǰֶںϾֱӱ˰ֻּ֪Ķأɲǻ
ЦֻڰԼеʱ򣬵ӳֶԪɵĹȦ
һ̣ʱɡϵֱӸ֪ռ֮߶һ
ʱɿЦҪ֪Կռ֮Ѿ̶ȣҾͲôӦģ
ֻÿռ֮ںϺըȺӰɴû˵ôֲ
뵽ҪｭڻʱɾһĴͷ۲ѡ
ЦɣʵҲһóֶںϵľ˵ҲǾԵġ
ڤڤ֮еԤиܳɹںԪء
һ˼ýòĲ
һĿ£̧֣Ԫţɢ˵Ĺâ
ʱһ߱ȰʰоֿǧӰӣһĿתŽ
һ˲׹졣
һ˲䣬ʱɶδӦ
ڳ˵ȴ˫ۣͫײ
Ƿ·֤һ񼣵ĵ

޼½ذɴ֮¡
ڵȥһĨ׹⽫ɡ
׹УֻһɫĻӰ΢΢˸ʮİɫƣһ𣬻ס˱ɽˡ
˳Ĭⲻ˼һĻǸŰɴȻܸܵǹɰ׹塣
⣬𡭣
ȣ𺳣η塭ɫַݡ
һ죬޼½סһ˵һͦĽɫӰһʢĿˡ
׽ֲ֪ΪԪڳ˿ռ֮
ССĹ򣬾ը˽ǧӰħը˵ħŵһǬǽδĻþ
Ӵ֮󣬡׽֣ٲֻʦ
Ǵ½񼣵ĿߣǧλǩԼħޡ
׽֮½
л˵
׽ˣҲðһˡ
ٺ١
-ôôգ


117 ϴ
ħ, Ѿһʱ䡣
һ˵˵̲̣һЩ˵ո۵Ĺ͹ȥ, ޼½˵һ켸дʷ
һ췢¡
һ£ħ
һ죬޼½Ϲŵİɫɴûʧ, ɴѾʧȥ˼¼, ֻǵһԪɵĿռ䡣
֪ħ޼½֮ӡ㷲ǵһİɴռΪڵħ޼½
ʲô²ⶼУʲôҲûʧ
ӷտռ, ʱɻרоһɴ֪̫, κοܵ
Ȼζػͷתȥо
ûͷûԵĵħȤһٱ
һǧӰʱɻ˺һ󣬱ϾħսѵһǾþ
Ѿʱְ˶ɹħ׼, ѹҪ, 嫾ͲʮѳɨһȦħþ;ʧ
ʱһ̾Ϊֹ
һֱĬ˿, Ȼתͷɣ÷Ͽھ˵磡
ʱɿЦſڣʱҷ˶ʱţ
ԪӤڴԲһס
ϸ, Ȼšɣ
ʵǲǶսħŵļʱ, ⱲӶ䡣
ŪжôǱ, ھж, ˵κһλǸЦ
ƫƫ, ʵͰǰ
۾ɫƽĽһջС
ڳֹһ뵽˵ħŵĽսҲ֪ܺӰԴĺô
ͬΪڡɽǿߣǸֱһʤջ
ʱɻһȦܲ˻ͻٺĸɫս۵ס
Ƭ̣̾ҹšһףûˡ
Ǵ½һˣʱɶĽʡ
һ飬ʾܴ̼
ʮԪӤڴԲϿ˽꣬ſǵżǰСᡪ
жʮ𣿣
ס࣬ȲִʱɵĻˣǰȼˣҵûܲס
ʱҲһ̾㵱Ҿܽʵ𣿡
֣Żδɢȥâգĵɣʮ꣬½һ˾Ҫλˡ
Ƴһۣôɴ˵һꣿ
ʱЦһװ
ϺǺһʮͲ𣿡
ʱüûлشֻζطʣأ
˵ԪӤܴһ׵Ԫǻϣʮꡢʮ궼һͻһס
˻׶ΣٿԪǿռ䷨ҲȷܷΪ벽ߵĹؼʱڡ
ûڻԼĿռ䷨Ǿ֤λ޷ֻп޼ݻߵħŸ
ʱɾڵڶ֣ע޷
ЩһֱǱԵȺ޼ݵһγ֡
ֻĿǰ¾ڵһ֡
һ֣ߡ
ʵ½ôҲһгڵ
ǧͷһˡ
ϴ˼Ƭ̣ҡͷԼϾƣ򵥣ѵǵĽ·Ҳħˡ
ΪԼ˫̫ԵħŵĽҲпᣬвĴۡ
Ͽη彭츳Լ԰ʮڣΪܹԽʱɡ
Ƽɵɫʱ䴽ͬҡͷ
򽭳ƶǾͿɣⳡעһӮġ
˳ֿȥĿǻ۵Ľ
ֻһۣ߽Ӵͣ١
Ϻסֻʣ˫ڶӡ
סͫ

Ȼ͸ĵȼ
͵Ťͷʱɣ£ȼˣ
ڵʱҲǻ˻Ÿҿ˵ôѹס𾪣񡭡ס
һ䣬ȫ
һڣͻȻˮ̵޴
ʱɵ󣬵۰âɢȥƬռ֮·ʧȥܹĿÿһ˵ݣÿһ˵
ǡɾʱһÿһ֡
һֲ䡣
ûסǰһԳֵ綪һɶֶڶ
ɻΪԼëˡ
͵سһ·ʦ֡ʱɳϸո˵ʲôסҡ˰ɣ
ɺЦ۾ɵüôŸո֡
װ
츳֮ˣ붼ĸ߶ȡ
ɢȫĬˣһ仰˵
΢һ߶ȵɵǶס˺ǿһ۸ոմʴҪħΪеӣذԼûкͿס
ǰħδ񰡣
ⳡںü죬ӰṩԪǿֱ뵤ʡյһա
ֻԼ˯һȼ͡䡹س˻ֻҲûʱܴﵽĸ߶ȡ
һ泩ޱȣȻȫһɨհ㡣
ڡס
۸һ»İԪأЦԴ÷ǳĻҪǿ󡣡
أԸпʱ򣬰𣬴żֻһϢһϢĸ
Ϣһˢۡ
嫻ЦһϢʽӵԼĿռ׼ˡϢĿռ䲻˶֪ĵȼ
㱨Ѹʧ
缦ŵɫͨ첻ӵȺһȻ֪ŷӦǾ仰˼
С鷳Ľ۳˲ķͷЩ¡


޼½˵׽֣ʱϤϤ֡
Ҫʦ
ţȻҡһħˣ
һͻƵǿߵħޡ
ħ޲岻ֻð׽ʣµЩĵȴһ˾κˡ
ǸӪվӣһͻϯ޼½Ͻֲ
½Ͻһϵ죬ˡ
׽Լǵ췢ĵڶ¡
ϴƣ޼½췢ĵ¡
Ϊӭÿʮ꿪һεṬÿʮ꿪һε޼ݣᶨھٰȡ
һǷ㻮ԴһΪ˼ڲľ
¾ֻһ̶ˮ
ȣִˡ
ﶼĳ˼ƥĪ˲֧ǵˣǴﵽ˷սı׼ߡ
ĪĪУǵʵȻ쵼ϵعˡ
ȵĹ򣬷лʤϵֱӻüĲ쵼Ȩӵ˾һƱȨ
һİϤֱͷʹѣ׷ױ壬ǰæִ֡
ǣͽúɵʱɡˣȷɣʱֻü˵Լ
ʱߵʱ˳ɢ޵ͷ庬ˣصȥϸⳡ־
ڵ޼½ħڲһƬңҥ˵Ṭ޼ݶҪһγ֣Ūʱɵ˽ͷöʤ
˶ó½ʼӿٲðˡ
һвûжԽ̫Ӱ졣
½Ƶǡ׽кθϵ
ҹҴţֻԼδţҲʱ˼ѵõ徻ա
ֱ죬ȵˮ΢΢˸Źâ
˽һһ/ҹ͵𣬽һһۣˮ
ˮǲ࣬ǻصĺ
һʱסڣ
ˮӦԶ֮ǰɳƺҪٿᣬܴۼ𣿡
һֱͦüͷ壬еسҡͷ
һ㶼ȥμʲӵĻ飬ֻۼң
Ҫ֪ۼҵ׷ʲô飡
ĬƬ̣ʱȴǵ͵͵Ӧá
ʦ֣ˣھҪȥ
һۡ
侲һͰˮ˲ܵѡ
ҧŴȽش
һۼҪҺȻӰšҪ֪ۼҷʲôʲôΣʦ
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һ䣬άõˮʼ˸һͨѶϡ
ǿˮ˸ź̾ȻۼʱܷſħҲܴƣĴȥڣǻġ
ȽʣˮĹâͻ谵ǿⲻýѯ㣬׼Ŀ˵һ˲
аˮĬ
಻סյ߷ʦ֣Ĳܻۼ𣿡
΢΢߬ȭͷָ״ĵһ̣סɿص˵ۼҲţǲء
ʦ֡
վƽºͣڵ֮ħŽ޼½ħŵķӡһʧЧ롣
죬ʧشͷ֪ˡ
ֺγۼҵأ
»иҪҪ
ᵽ鲻ֹǼ򵥵ᣬΪ۸쵼ߣͬӦ֮ߡ
վڽŲӣ뵽һ磬ǴۼȥμӻҲûðСᱻӵġ
Ǵ½ľۼأۼҾСһλδ¶棬ⲻȥ˿Ц
˼Ƭ̣ǣۼҵСԼأֵΣ
һֻ֣˵ʱʮƽ˿
ô򵥵һ仰ֱӰ˸
Ŀ˺һᣬĭʦһĴָ
޼½ϣմ˸֣Դο׼ޣ
ħǴ½пܷˣ
뵽⣬˼֡
ӦŶ룬ƿţϳ°ͣЦеүԼߣ͸Ľ
ƳһۣЦһ⻰Ⱥþ˰ɡ
ееĹâϣЦſڣߣűүʹȥǧǰħʢ

Ҵլ԰
ʢһѾĲˮȵЩͷ
˦Ҫ͵صɶһۣҪţ˵ھͰѽˣ
ôõʢ˵һαȰãûˣۼŵ̫Ҫʧʢ˾ʹһ״̬
ʢĿ꣬ʮ侲ȰͱˣһΪһû֮ǰ̫ܺǻؼҡ
ǡʢڡһϲյЦϣɾʹˣ½ûбȽŵˡ
ô꣬ûôʢҲǿ˽ʮ꣬Ȼ֪ӡ
ʵǿ츳ΣСȱĻ³󣬶ԳϿǾ޵ֿ
ͬȼʶġŪһ飬ʢϲκˡ
յƶˣھȥֻҪҿڳҶӣȻԸ׵ѵ䣬Ȼϴʱҳ㳪㲻
ʢ˵תҪ뿪ҵ԰ӡ
赲ŽʢеĲеĿʼڣڵ˳һƣôؽϳš
ŽʮľϿЦƬ̣˵һΣҲƯ
ֻϧʱһֻʸۼңֻϧʱǣϹ۰
ҡҡͷֻǻƬ˾Ѿƣѣ˺ü㡣
ˣҲֻ˳˼ˡ
һС·
߳ԺӼּ䣬̶̵һ·лεܽһһҪٺľһºİš
Ҳƹ㱾ԼһΥ½顣
Ͱ嫸˶֪ҪȥʲôĬûг˼
߳С·ʱųԼ˼·Լ֮ҪЩʲô顣
һ£չħޣаһ̻ᡢؼҵȡ
ʱ˵Ҫ¼һ£±ԼķѾƹ㵽˳¼֮С
Щ˻ԶԶܹ½ʯһֵԴԱɺܲ
һ£ɣ
Ħһ˼ŵóȥһˣ룬ҪõʱǷϿɡ
󣬱ֹڵڡ
̧ͷּҶķ϶ͷĵտ侲
ڣѵĴڡ
ÿ뵽֣ǾΥԤԸоð˳ڽһһŻȵо㣬꣬Ȳȥǰ鷳¡
һеĿȽơ
ͣ½Ųʼ˼嫺һۣ̼ӿٶȣһһҰռֱۣ͵ػ񣬿Լˣ䴽ǳЦİɣˣûˡ
Ϲ嫰ڰ֣˵˶ٱˣΪүԼߣҪϹģԼǱĴڣȻϹġ
ƫͷ˫ǳǳĳЦһǡͰа״үˡ
̧ס˳צӴӽϻȥȻĿŵذѽԼ°ŵűү¶
ϲԴˣݴʺϰ֡
ЦⲻԾرӴ˳
״үһ㣬ǾͲǰˣҲǵǸճ̾͸İ֮ˡ
㣬ǰ嫸еӰ
һʱЩ񣬻ʱѾһ·
ں󣬰嫵;͹̶ˣȽͷȻȻľ˿Լļķɡ
Դ
΢΢ͷ˽ͷʮȻϢ£ϹˣʲôҸ㶵š
պӰףο޳İ嫡ѾǻڴԲ͵Ƚȹ´Ŀռ䣬벽ߡ
ʱ򣬰״ү׼ߣ޼½ĵһˡ
Ҳǰ嫵ĵڡ
ڰ嫵ļϣĻˣǾΥһƬ
̾ʲôʱôߵģҾȻûз֡
嫺Ц˼үһֱôߣǣ
ļϣЦڰ嫵ŲȻ󴫵ϣƵ죬ŪЩӦ
һƣƫͷǿ嫵ȫ
ͦͦţǲǺǿ󣿡
ſţЦǰǿ󡣡
ŰڶģȴһֱǵǲŵϥǸ߶ȵС㣬һʱѣƵЦ
еĻһֲشС
嫽Ųһ٣Ȼ߳ŭԲۣ
Ϸʵʲô
롪ŭһ뿨ǣŲݴȥԼĲ£
Ʋͷˣ㣡
˵סȴ˼֣εؽȦԼ
ǡ
ķǣ
Цһ
ЦˣҧҧúͽƢֻԼԼ
ȴܵļίĶʱ˼֡
ί
һ˿һС
嫻£ҵĴҲĺʷʲôҪĶ𣿾͵Ҹ
۾һȻֵתͷͽӺҪ°ͣŶ֣޲ݡ
ûסһЦ
ι״үһۣܻ쵽ðˣЦ
Ű嫺͸˵ĶѵֹסЦáȣҲЦ
ŬָƽѧŰ嫵٩޲״үҪж١
嫺ָ߰
΢Ц˳ëʵСѾЦ˴
ЦһԱӵǵıӰץֱ
״үʦߵλûʮֲ߯غ
лҪ˵ʱٶԶԶں档ʱ۾ʱ߲Ծ䣬Ŀ˽ļʦȻȻķʡ
һԼʦƽԼƣĲڵǺ˵˼仰ʦ־ȻЦôġ
գգۣȻ̵ջصɰ嫵ߡ
룬ѲɱԼаã
Ȼʦֶͣ½ǿЦ
һʱ֮䣬ԱԼ˼ĺ棬ԾԾҪץһֻޡ
ּޣ磡
ء᡹£ּ߳䣬Ҷڵһβ䵽ϣɹ˻ů
˵ԼļƻͺȻǰⱻ˵סˡ
ɻ̧ͷĿǽʢż͵
ʢһֱ̣ӿһʮֲƵضŽʢȭͷֽɣʱ׼һ
ԴźûȥȥŵĿľǽڼϤ޲ΪʢĲۺͱ޳ܶʮֲм
ֻûˣŰ䶼ƣֱǰߣʮȻزŽʢ
ַӦؽʢһͣæؼҵģ
л˵

-ôôգ


118 ҪĽʢ
ؼҡ
ⲻҪĻ, ӽʢļЩֳ
ֱӳ彭ʢ˸ۣ˭, ⲻǽ𣬰ѽѽǲմߴضˡ
Ϊѵһָһķָȥ, Ƕ
ҧסơ֡
嫵Ļ, ʢϼⷢŭ֮ɫһȻѹ
ʢЦһͽܰ, ձ˵ӦûһʦŶԡ
嫣
, 򽭳ǲ⣿
һ²ؼʵûסһЦû֦ҲЦĴָʢޡ
޵, Ǵ½һˣ
ڳ˷ҵÿһ˵, ʢ޷Ӧҧҧ, ɴȵٽ, Ϥ, նһ, ôô˵߾, ЩĿںεأ
ʢ˵Ի, ˵ޱ𾢣Խ˵Խ·𽭳һӱιɵӣͲָŽ
վһ˾ٿƽɫڵһãѾ
֮ǰư嫵ӵˡ
һΣ̣
ο⽭ʢֱӲȵͷ嫸һ֡
ûκ赲ֱĬͬ⶯֡
ڽʢੲݵԵУ嫻ӳһƣһ֣
Ԫ籡ֱҵýʢһɳ죬Ȼҵϣٵڵأʹ
ǳȴ֮е顣
ʢĻᶼûУ³һѪ۾һ˻ԡ

ϾһּıԵţȻؿ򽭳ǲų˽ʢ˾Ȼǽ㣬ǰĸף
ʧؿţû˿ӦЦ

˼ĳֻ۰ء
Ҫ۰СͱʢҲ޿ܡ
˭֪ʢľǽسɡ޷ƽӹӣһС
ʵԭһֱûף¶˵ýʢѲƣʢȴôϲ
ʮ꣬ʢһֱΪѲǨŭ
ŪһΪݣΪƽӹִֹӡ
Լ뷨ýȰ˼ά̫ϲ˾Ҳױʢѿء
ӵг˵츳ʱʢλ߽ʢλá
ʧȥ˿޵츳ʱʢڿ԰ֿʼܣתϲϲô谮ԽԼȨƵСͽܡ
츳ϳˣԭȵĽǰֲҲĽǰ˸߿һ۵ڱۼ֧
Խʢֵó谮ƣסƵһС֪ݺܷתʮĸͳ
Уƻüֵʱ
ûмֵˣ󣬽ֵԽʢŸҲҪѽ
ʢüȷǰһȷʵֱн/е㡣ɵǣڵĽٲĸԸŪ
ԶϺڵʧ𱸣Ųߣᡣ
嫲żñ۸Լˣŭǰһ壬ɰѽԼȻƳϣѹԥر
϶ʱԭأδεĸߵȼѹʹϣһ˲ܵʹ
亹һģȾʪ˻¡

ոջɽʢĹͬһΣŰŨصŭ⣬˿
Ҳû취˵˫ͫھʹ̱ʹֹסĳ鴤
ؿһУڰ嫻ûʱǰһַ̧ס嫵ļ˵˵һ仰߰ɡ
ˣ嫲Żջѹٶһۣ˦䣬ٸ˷ʱ䣬߰ɡ
ǰ棬Ȼ·̱ڵˣûκηӦ
嫽Сǰ˼סС졣
ߵԣһ۵̱ŵˣιʦֵ鷳򡪡
ֱݣмѵĶǰһȦЦǲݣʧѪ½ϵǧֶۼ˶а취һһ
ϲûлζӵݺݴ˸û취˵ֻܷҡͷϾڡ
ƲƲ죬ֹ治š
Զ

߸ӦȻ֣ıظȥ
Ϻشھס̼һ˹ȥ
һһμľм㡣
ýԶԶ㿪ľ׸ߵֽɪɪľ塭
ľһ޺֪ЩÿҪٶȻкӻ־һĿ
̻ᡢҩᡢᡢͽ𹫻ᡭܸɵ𣿣
ٳĬڳĬбľ໽гڲļﱬ
Ƕؽļ΢飬ȻһһСʲôľ壬߾֮
ƨľǰ˴ֿڣ޲óһڽǰϵԾȡ˵ϣ㿴ҵĺӣ㿴
ļϣŽָԼĺӣ׵죬ҳĺӶһأҾĴô󣬻һ
ľԼӣһᡣ
գգۣϸľеǰѺӣ˰Σû˵
ûס潭˵ľ壬ĺӲһֱˡ
û˵꣬ͱľݺݵص˻
嫣
״үݺ½꣬رһסˡ
̧ӣ̾˺ˣļҴɡ
⻰һľüЦЦǽһϲ˵˵ô鷳أȷʵҪһʱȥҵĸЩͽˣ
˵仰ľļʧ·ൢһ˲䶼ǶԽĲ𾴡

Ͱ嫡ЦãֻǰȥЩľæýͷöļ
嫺ѹ飬ֻһԸ֣ʱʱһ裬ʱʱٸ
ʱҪлŵġϤýһãѸٴҵļ顣
ԴһʤҾͺ޷֮ؽ˼ͳȨ˳Žּ崦˽ľ
ҲľԴҪԭ򣬾ӷ⼸ѹʹ
һʱʱ䣬˸ߵļ꣬Ȼһ²ӣֱ塣
̴ظĦ
ľòɣɿۺķ̾һΪʲôҴļôΪʲôвˮ˰Ħģ
ʧЦ
嫺һӻƷԭ򡣡
ľ˸ۣúת򽭳㱨ոŷѶϢϣȥͣҪ̡
л˵

㡪


119 عݣǰ
š
Ϣѩ, ʱɱƲѷɣʱӴɢ޵졪庬
һεħ³ͻȻʱɳһΰ, زЩڱʾѶϢָͻȻֵġṬ
ԣ˭ṬϢ˭ҪȥƬɽȣ
Щ, µһʱϢɢ޸̬չ
໹ʱΪԪȡһ, ʱȥŵʱ˼Ӧˡ
ֵӦˬ죬庬Ҳɾܾ, ϡ
С׽ϵм䣬ʱɺս, һ
źߵӻ˳ۣκǼҵϴվһ飬ֻŵ㡣
ʵɽеһ⣬˶óʱɲϲӣŵĵӡ
һЩ˼ĵӾͿʼ뷨
һ·, Χߵ𽥼, 㷲ʱɶ˱ڶйע
ⳡ治֪֣ŵӲʱһ, Ȼ޵䵽Լϡ
һֱʱ࣬ǱߵҲΪǱݻ, ˵, ȫûַΧ
۰Ͱ͵Ǳ, Ҫ, , ֻź뷨
״ŵӱ㰴ȥǱ߿ֵģæɵٶȡ
ڴ˲֪ڶٲŵӺ庬ק˸ݲݶ
ѲݸãȻһ޳ǵһǵһαôӵܷУ̹ء
ϵüŨ
ɵߡٶЩͽʱҲɢˮݡ
庬Щǰһ˺һ׵˴򽻵ڸʮֲͷҪʱԵҪǰæŲ
庬ֱӶ㵽ȥӦ
൹ûӦֻŸΨΨŵŵ˼
֮ǰ뷽跨Ҫͳ⣬û˴ʲôȻܴˡ
庬ʲôʱӹϵôˣ
庬գգۣ²֮ǰ̻ʱ򣿡
ǰһʱ䣬ȷʵ̻ܣţ˾ܳˡ

ʲôߵԸӡ
ۣȥ˵һ¡
˼ȥ̧ͷǡö񶾵ߡ
ԷȻҲûвµͻȻһ˲㶣Ȼµƿߣװ·
һ⣬ײһ庬йСġ
庬һ𣬷·ֻص˳ͽҸ̥ʱ
˼ɵظ߸һ·߾裬ľغʱɻصš
һʱɾͳҴ뿪š
˶һۣæȥ
һʲ֪Īʣҳһš
͵ϮΣ
½ҳ̶һ㡣

Ŀ֮εܿ㴫½¶⧲ڵĻᶼûС
Դӻ󣬽һֱŲҲ֪顣
ʱɶѸľɼ̬жôϾ
ʰԼ׼ǰš
ʱؿԨ
Ԩ۾ʢ䣬ķҪôʢҪôбȽʢȼߵԪ䷨
ڴ½ʮֲ̫ƽһȥҲ֪ƾҪֱӲμ飬ȻڣҲ֪ʲôʱܻ˼ֱӽסԨ
Ԩѭûɵ۾ɻ
ԼȥԱСͤӣҸ䡣
Ԩ
һʱûӦֱס֪ʶ˵ʲô
Բӷ˸ǵɴ۾漴뵽ǽļַ侲ìСؾ֣ĵȼѾʢˣ
ʢúúõģûǣֻһֿܡ
ʢԪӤ߽װ
ǲ˵
ǲ˵ѾԪӤ߽ˣ
ӷǼԽĳѾйƣһԪӤס
·ͽ׵ڶδţ


˽äĿŷεЦ£ȻͷĬˡ
˶ʱ˷Ľһӿ̧סͣԼг
ԪӤ߽ף
Ȼһף
˷ܵԣԨǱϲΧЩƮƮɣΪԼΡ
Ƽ⼸˼ģӣ٩һ۽ƺ˵ô˵Լʵȼ
ǲ°Σ
ûϵ󣬴Ҷᱻ
һЦ
ֻûץסûعԨһСͤȥ
ӷæϣϲѣΪԨָΪԼô
һʱ䣬Ԩֹ
ΥҫУԨ̫ûĵգﱻ̼Եᣬȴֹס𴽽ǣһ߿һЦ
⣬ꡣ
ˣþԼϰҲԼˡ̧Ԩļ򣬺ʱļ
ԨĨȥ۽ǵˮͷյ䡢Ĭһɶлл
ӷЦΧһץԨһֻ֣һӡ
һ·˳ѽ
ӷڰһ˵ݣǶ֪Ҫ뿪Ϣвᣬǽ
ŶǼ˭Сһ
Цһ۰µԪٿӡһݣټԼ֮ǰʱµıʼǣһͬݸԨ
Ԩнӹʼǣ̧ͷ˾Ѿʧ
ˡìļЦÿôǲǸоԼδһƬ貣
Ԩû˵ֻǴСطıʼǡ
һۣ˫־Ϳʼղסʼǡ
ôˣҥͷ
Ԩ˼֣͵̧ͷʼǵݵӷǰɳ
Ԩı飬ӷ˵Цͣɵؿ˹
ӳľ֡


׽Ĵʡ
ǰ½Ƶİ׽
ǿߣǧδֹԼߣ
ӷ롢ìҥס漴ͫ
صмˮӿҵͷۻҺ

úӷŽźƳ¶˭Ҳ˵ȥûд㱩¶֮ǰ˭Ҳ͸¶
Ԩ˶һۣɫȻӦ

ӷΪֶʱ򣬽嫡Ѿ뿪Ҵլ
վ໽ĴϣС
·ʱǿеģĴʦͳȥˣͷҵ
ڴ½ҲҲһֱһǡ
һѾؼҴˣĳ̶ûеҩߣһ治̫⣻ҩһͱȽϽȱʱֻصʱ޷ٴιһͽΪճҩ󣬹⿿µһֺʱַԶ벹仹ԶԶ
һԼʦС
㲻棬۰µһЩͻĲּɶ¼ȫȨԨ
ϣԨҪһƬġ
ڳϣԶһڵĸĸп
ӿʱһĳɳվ̫ˡ
ؿڣ㶼ѾԼǰ׽ܱ¶ˣҲ̫ģеⷢչˡ
ûǿһҰҲԼǰ׽λǿߣľԵ˼ȻῪʼ
ӢۣĪڴˡ
Ҳǽ¶ԼݵҪԭ

ҵţ൱ں½ϱˣӹٿĻýץʱϢ
һ·ཱུ³Ԫ
򣬶ɾۼء
ﲻֻšȻɣн֮ʮһͬ𵴴½
δʱУΪơ
ԻѾڵĸ߶ȣɲ
嫿ŵͼϸȻһ£ǰӦǺš
ţԪƫˮϵжʦطķߡ
ҲˮУʮ䣬ȥ鶼ˮ壬žһ
ֻҪ֧ӦʯʹúŴȥһɣⳤ;ʱġ
Ǻһ룬صɳһλǿߡλԪӤǿѹأά
߰ɡŷȥ
л˵
Ӧûһо
-ôôգ


120 ߣִ
ʵÿɶд, ڵأĵһɣӵеĴõĵһ
ӵеĵ, ռôһط൱ӵһȻʯҲɵĳޡ
ɵλòǹ̶䣬ÿÿӵһսĻ, սֻһξܾսĻᡣ
ÿ²εս, սУŻռλãɼʵǿʢ
뺣ŷͻ, غ͵£Լװɰµ, ̲ҲǺͺһԡ
Ϫһ·ǰߣܿ͵˺ɽš
ûװΣɽſľͷ򵥴ɣȴһڿն
ʶĽ֯, γһбڿյͨ, ȴʮּ̣ͨԹ, úʵϪˮ͵ϲɽſڴ
ⰬǬϴ, ⺣Ҳ˼, ҲϤ
ǰ, ˽ܵͨǽ뺣ŵΨһ, ˵λǿߵ, λǿ߲ͬ˽뺣ţͻϵŻԶ״̬
ŵķˣûĸҪĸȥս
Է֮½ĺţʱڳҲСǡ
ף˵Ļǵ
ʱ֣½½вҪͨŵĴȥط
ͬһʱͨ˺ܶ࣬ĽܣЦŲ廰Сֵܣǲûô򣿡
ȥͼ˵ű
Ŀͼ˰׷Բԣ׵üëɫüβѾ°ʹ
ֵǣףȴ˿ơ
˳ŽЦһ£С͵͵Ⱦͷüëһ졣
֣ɫջشߣͰ嫡˱ֳĬ
ЦſӦǰʱûһλȥء
ҲǵĻش𣬶Це˵ħŲ
һ١
ЦֱӦ֪̾ܲͷϵİɴأ
Ͽվһɫİɴ
˺ٺٵЦΪħţ԰µɶԪ֯ɵģŲǿߵء֮һһǿ֪ء
΢͡
ɨӽµȷʵ沶׽һǰԪ
˵ʵǾְļӹ١
ԡ
ǣ˵עǽж
̧ۣͷָջվԱ٩٩̸ѾӰ

ҿһȦգۼĹʹǰʧ£Щ㶡
ǰţֵסԱ߿Ķ߰ɣ˲٣ƺܶ˶Ҫô󣬴ָҪŶӡ
⣬ǰߡ
Ѻ󣬽Խš
عǿߵԪɣǾͲǼӣǸһδε붯֣ھͻ뵽ԷԪС
ԵȼԸߵǿ˵ǶľַԷû־ͻãǷˣһͻ֮Ľ档
˳ɼѾȫ׶ΣϧԵΪۡ
ħѾ½ֲ̿ˡ
ĵԽء
ͨͷ˼Ѿ߳ͨǡӭһѲӡ
Ⱥӵ£˻ǰߣһδͣ
߳ǵļҰŵ֮ǰûôϵѲ顣
ôΣֻϹһôȫѲ飬֮ǰ˵ڵӣھȻʮ𲽵Ľڵӡ
Կɼţˡ
ڿϵĿ²һɣ
ߵʱɿոλߡ
ѾվˣңңͰصͷк
ȽظˣЦеʧһ
ʧһ˲䣬ǿķλ
޼š
޼š
ͬɣǸʲôͷ
£û֪ϵѰ޼ŵĴڡ
һʹϣֵ󷨡
󷨵ޱȥģ
ش𣺡š
֣󷨵ӵĶһ㶣Ȼ̧ͷ
ϸϸ࣬󿴣΢΢üҪȥ⣿һ£ҵĺܣûǵòҪȥ֡
һʱˣԼĻҪͰ͵Żʯá
󷨵ȻȻΪȥ֡
ЦӦ˼ȻóǧƷʯݸллѣ鷳㿪һ󷨡
󷨵šüӹʯ˼䣬ƺǵĲ֪ôʮֲˬ
ˣϿȥŰɡ
̶ûиЯô󣬼۸ڼʮǧȣԶһط۸ΪǧƷʯһˡ
ཻʯ󷨡
󷨵һ֪ôıУ߽
Զǵɫڽĵļ¸ڻʧ
һ̫Ѩ³һոգӦкͬȼڡ

ܱҪ߼ȼ
嫳һ䣺ҵĸоûгҲСɽڵǿߡ
˻
ĻûʲôӦ⻰һֱӵһ
Բۣ˵ȫ½ֻʱһλɽǿ𣡡
ɽǿ߰
ǿ߹޼ݾܷˣ
զػɾء
Ͱ嫶һۣɫأû˵
仰ʱѾϣת۾Ϳ˿ššֵʯ
֮ߣһſֱ֮ʯøͷһһ̳ġš֣ׯ
ǺɫѪǺī״ֱӽȥȾһƬ죬۲ʱܸܵǿʯԪѹ
ֻվʯ֮ǰ˾¶ǹԪӵѹӭͷ£ǻë
ؿڵʯӦŵԶ֡
ͷ֣ǵ𽥼ѹĵǡòѾŵľˡ
ˣ
Цã㲻˵
˵ȵţӣСⲻǲ
ȻǶ˵仰˽һӰˢһ³嵽ǰ
ͷ֮˴һߺˣ
һƵأֱӺԪӤԪֱֱѹ
ûԪѹҲûʲôƵĶֻȺ˼ʱ̧֣ŵһöչʾǿ
һöɫԲ塣
ص㲻״ϲӵԪ
Ϣ
ͷ֮˻ûͱһԪסȥ·
ɫͱ䣬սĻϤϢɢ˿
ͷۣסˡ
סΣ˹ԪǼ׾Žۣѯʣ˭
Ѿں͵ŵӣɿָɫ建Ʈٻ䵽ͷ˵ǰ
ڻһССġ֡
ͷ˿Ǵעͫ壬̧ͷ
̧ۣ֣еӣˡ
賤ϣ
Ѿں͵ĵǰյͷ˶ϣ賤ϣڹؼʱ򣬲˽ɡ
˵賤͵ס壬ͷ˫Ŀһɣޱȣ
ͷ˵ĵӱ賤õͷ˫ֽ߬ԲĿ֮ҲҺ죬ֻǺȰ˵ˡ
˵ʲôˣδϣ賤Ͳͷˣ͵ã
ϡʿܽɣ´
ǵӼҪһ˫ﲻͣŹ⣬ڴʲô̡
賤ˣ賤˵ǰɨ򽭳ˣʮֲݲߵãλذɣ

賤ŭ
ڴЦԼǲţɳһţǡҲӡ
һвɽﹲѵĳϣϯϣҲһ֮Ե
Сʦ֣ϡ
һ׳Ҫĵ죬ס
賤ϷʤһƿµĵӣּеλߣѾ㣬ʱɳҲڡ
ʱһļͣˣԶԶ㿪ǰ
ǰ賤Ϻݺһ۸ոհµǼӣ֡
Ȼʱǰ賤ϴһ·ۣټžɫһɫķǰ
뵽ոһĻ˼ڣǲЩң
賤ϼ۵ıӰһ٣ڿе˸ͷǿסκſЦߣղ𣿡
ʼ磬Цƽ͡
Ѿջ³賤ѵЩ˸Уҡҡͷ̾һλԾѡΪʽʱЩڰСʵԼݵˣԶöࡣ
л˵
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121 ŵͶ״
Ժ
վ, ˼Ƭ̺εҡͷϳǶ, һҲûĶأǵ̾ԱߣҲ
ʱüûܽⶾ𣿡
ֳĬ, ָ, ¶
˽ǡ
Сʱ̾˵һ֡
ӵڴǻ̿֡
ݵע, ʱֶһۣ˳Ĭ˻, ŵ֣׽
ڵȴֺް취
ֱ̱һϣŴϳ˯
ʱ˰õ죬Ȼ賤һһĺˣ

ס, ۾һ,ôֻһ
׹˼̱, ųǰȥš
賤ϻûüܼ䣬ͼСڵƵĳ˳, ŸŰʲôĴ
أأ߶, ۼ
賤ϱһ, û˵, ߳, Цڣء
ôãǰʱɻûϡ
ˡЦŴ·׾پͰѵ·˰һȥȻҡ
嫵˽Ƶɲ
ȵĿ׷˹ڰϲ벻
嫻ͷ
üϷʵС꣬Ҹ
ɻû˵Цϡ
½ΥĵһֻޣҲϡˡ
Сʦƺ̫۾תһȦȵӵСʦüƽϡ
Ͱ嫺ɽҲಽڰ󣬰Ͱ͵
һȺ˻ɴغϢһ̧ͷǼİ
ˣȵʧջߣ
̾ʱʱֺͻȴټ𼤶飬ȥ
ʱֱ߱һЦʦܣþˣǺһֲ֪Ķ㿴ûоͽⶾķӡ
ʦܣ
ջʧѵһ͵̧ͷֿ򽭳ڼİѰҡ׽
ʱûڴ̫ãתǽܵλǰ׽
һ۽֪Ƿ뱩¶ݡ
΢΢ﴽ
ȻԽģ¶棬ûٲҴš
˳ʱֵĽܣǰһӭžЦſڣҽܵǰ׽λǰҳá

ɻƬ̣ܸоЩ졣
ɼʱܽȰȽ͵֮ǰŵֽʢŲɭǰǰĸĸ
˵ţһ䣺۰ʦ𣬾ۼǸ۰ص𡣡
ſڶɭֿʼӵ˱ôҲѹסľȡ
ңʮǰɭҲ֮쳹½
ٵ棬۰أۼҡ
ֻһֱվڸߴˣ⡸ۡϵҫ
ɭĹϵۼҲԽҺɭ츳Ҳȷʵ㹻ۼҽ¼
ʱһι˽ʮ꣬ۼҵ٣˿ӰЩ˸Ӧ𾴡
п򽭳νǽɽв˳ŶΪ߶
ǰһΪĸпһ䣬Ǵţ򽭳ݳͶ״

Աߵĳ𾪳Ȼһסü򽭳
Ψһ侲ۣǼ֤ǿһˡ
Ѿ˾ϰסʮֲǼˣ΢΢ҡͷһڲУŽĿž뼤
᣿
ꡭסɵˣδһԣ˷ܵĹ⡣
û˵Ŀ΢΢׺
ʱɺͻ·˳ǰ
˯úܰȣǵʱĿ֮εӣû˻뵽ֶضڡ
ڽתԪʱ򣬻˹ڵĶĸǸʱһơ
̧һ٣еԪ漴Ͷֻ
᳤
еɫأԲĳһæȷ
ɫ࣬˼죬ܹ˵ʵҼڵһֶûаơ

Ⱦȵʱɣһۻ࣬ص䵽Ѿ˫۴߶ԪĽϡ
ʱɳʣһΣôģ
೤̾һԶ֮⣬޽⡣
Զĸ֣ɫһߣʶǰһİϤĶأδ⡭ⲻͶɣ
ڰǰͶҲҴ½ʱֺͻࡣ
ϸһ£ͶǸʲôڣֲ̿ϵһ
Ӳǻɾӣ嫡سʲôУҲѲһġ
嫴һ仰˵ߡ
治ɫĴȦҰ¡

쳤ȣסȣȡһֱӶ
Ƴһۣû
޴үܲܲΪΪۼڿûôɰһۺջߡ
ƲƲ죬Թ¡
Ű嫵Ķż˵ɫֱ䣬뵽ݣһƶ뷨֡
ǰԿʱɣдѯʡ
ʱʼ磬Ĭˡ
һջشĿ⣬üͷ΢壬ʶ߬ͷȣԴƽԼӵ
ͽһȻ嫾ûڡ
һ˲²ⴧĦ
飬֪飬Ͷ˳ľһ·ǰУƬ̾͵ִĵﴦ
뻯ںԪԼڶصƿԽӦ֣ڽ˾ǲѴ֮顣
߳˯ʱڵԪԶԪй֮ǰºھʱҪСڵԪײ
һΣڵԪ·𱻽ѹһ㣬뽭Ԫκײ
һʱŻȻԼԪȻȫѹڵԪΪȼѹ
Ȼ뵽֮ǰҵǱؼԪƶؽй
ʱؿƶؽڣǲܳΪУ
ں϶غʹÿռ֮ıը
ƶʱǲöУΪ˾ﳩеĶУ
˼ˣԪֱӷһ£Ӧͻ˼롣
ͣ˻ԪǰС
ʱ˵ڵ֮ǰʮƣദһɫУ뾭ӣΪһš
Ͷ˸ɫ΢ãǺɫеĶ̬ңңӦ
ۡ
ʱķ䰲һ͵嫣һ˶Žһ
ĿײֹգĬһ˲Ȼֱſڵүİ嫡
嫳̯֣ʮ޹˵û۸ǣԩң
ɵӡ
ĻûסֱӴͰ嫵ĶΪⶾκ𣿡
ջĿ⣬һڴУͷԡ
˻
˽סһڿʲô
ʱɡࡢʱ˶һ㿪Ҿͷˡı飬׷ڴصȽ
طϣҪһʱʱ䣬鷳ȳȥһ嫡᳤ʱʦ㣬°ҡ
õġӦ˳ȥټˡ
ƳһǵıӰǵ㣬ҲֱӶ
嫡
ſûŲѣ̧ͷ
ֳ嫻˻ӣɡ
嫣
һԱ߿ϷļˣʣҪʲô
ᷭһӨ͸ıСӹţһԪߣһߺҰгݡ
嫣
ǣ
ûүǸ㵱ʯͷʹģ
嫵ɴۣһ˫ķӲǱŵͭ
ûȵ嫷Ӧɻ̧ͷ嫣ôˣ
һ飬Բ༸˵עºûش
ӵ״үĲͶߺ󣬽ͷĽ͵ⶾΣ󣬶ؾʧˣоѶŪŵʯ档Ӳʯó߻Ҫһһҹֻһи
˵Ű嫵գգۣȻң޲-
ڴүŵᣬĬƮ嫶棬嶼ˡ
嫺ŶһߵүͰһΡ
վ伸ǰʯŴ˳ȥ˲ֿٴ˻
ʱıڰ
Цллл
嫱°ͣһ˵ʲôллġ
ЦݸˣӰӹʯЦֻĺꡣ
һĬĬŵʱּһĻ΢΢ü
˼Žһ۾Ҫ㵽ȥİ嫡

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ѵʱ, ǸOO@@
ŶѾŪˡ
СġǶ
ڵĶ
Ϥ߻εԺģſ, Ҫ
ڸǽͶ÷Ľе̧ͷ򴲱ߣϲˡ
ѸٴͶ񣬼˶, ӿ򴲱ߡ
һ絽ǰ, ɨһѾָѻۺ󣬴ϲ,оΣ
ǰһˣãŲ, Ȼסͣڽϡ
еã˲ʧӿ˲㾪󣬡
Ƶġ
Ȼһ˵ЦŶ˹һˮ, ݵ, ˳Ķӹι
ղʧã, ϳ֡
ˣ, ļλʦûͶ÷, ԶԶһ, ûºקŽ, ոձϵĽܡ
ЦЩ, Ǵ˸к󣬾;ʹϵ˳ȥˡ
ѧʵλ
ãȻͶԼ
̫Ѩ˰ѵ£Щ췢顣
⣬òײŰȺϴߡ
ʱſ϶վӻ֣ʾߣ顣
״һµİ嫵˾һ֪ͷϷˡ
ʱŽ˸λŽȥݴռ֮ʯʼתƬ
ΣǴۼ𣿡ʱɻƫͷһԵ
ţЩϲʶǸס
۰һֱⴳ۰й׵ˣʶ
ֵʱʱɾ֪бٿʱֻ޴үʱβ²Ǵ⣿
˼ˣʱŲߣŽȷҪ޺ۼҰ
Ͱ嫶һۣ˳ĬƬ̡
֮ǰȷʵ⣬ھһ󣬽˸뷨¶޵ݣȷʵΪۼ֮⣬ľַش֮
һžӵý׽͸ʵοɣСʼղ֪ⳡеκݵǡ
ӭʱɵߣ΢΢ҡͷ֮ǰ룬ڣˡ
ʱɿΪʲôıע⣿
ʣ˵޼𣿡
޼½޼š
һ֪ͷϾɶû޵زֱô½š
û뵽ȵôһ⣬ʱס漴ģ
־Ȼʱɫȫ䣬ⲻǼС¡
δںŵľȫг
ŵķʵʱʱɵĺѾ£潭˵Լһλصߺʱüͷ壬δ
̽ؿڣ޼šǲ˵ĵط𣿡
ʱɻعһ˫ɻӣҡͷ̾ûʲôܲ˵ģ޼ţľٰص㡣ֻɵϯϺӵпŵȨȻǡ
˶٣ɫˡ
ˣظһ顣
ȴͬʱü͵˾ǼĵƣҪ²ǼΣ֡㻹ǵõ뿪ʱҸЩ𣿡
һ䣬ǶԽ˵ġ
ͷǵá
Ƶع⣬ͬʱӵ˼崫ͨѶ֮һ۰صȥҩţԼۼơ
öۼڻڽĿռ棬һֱûжá
ָЩۼҳҸġ
ۼҳϡ
ۼˣ
һ
Ƕʱǳʲô𣿾Ȼصۼˡ
ʱ˼䵽ϵ߱⡣
΢΢šüʶɨһվµİ嫡
Ҫ˵ǶʱΨһıʣǰǩ˱Լ
ԣ
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͵뵽ԼʱΡ
ǳֵκһжˣţҲûȥС˰嫡
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˼ʱ򣬰嫵𣺡һжþᡣ
ں޷鿴뷨ܴ⽭̬İο
֪ǶڷĹңһʱܳ뽭ͨ
żǼһƣڳһֳֻ°ͣƵؿۡ
˰һ仰Ҳû룬ʱɺۡ
ᵽᣬʱɲһ䣺λˣǹۼҵˣʵǿİ벽ߣ֪ΪԶ޼ݷĻᣬ޼½˽ʮ꣬ʱ䣬Ҳ쵽Ĵڡ
˴޽û˵飬ȵ˲Ǵôа벽ߣʵΪʲôǿģ
𣺡Ϊλƣ޼½λ治ߵᱻʵΪս򣬽±ɵ׽١Щ߾ˣҲ򲻹˰벽ߡ
ʱɿü˼ǡҲʱܷӳߵʵ
嫣ǣôôأ
үֻǸ𣿣
˸ۣûش
Цػ⣺˵ɣǰԴۼҳ𣿡
ʱɿ϶ͷȻԣۼҴѹˣ¼ң߾ӶۼҲŸ¹ģʦۼǿĴ
ʱɵı֤ˡ
ʱɼҵĽǡԵһԼߵݳ档
һԼߣ΢΢ü
ԡʱףǻѹЦЦεϸӦԵħŵҲǰѹЩ֪쵼ߡݣܺú³ġ
Ƭ̣ÿɷӦºȫȨʱɴ
εʱɷ𣬺ֻҪϱɣϣʱһӣֱ﷢¸
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һ˲ڿڴſڵʱ˼ּƽϡ
ѲɣҲ˶
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Ӧʱɵ, »ڰ׽ĺɫ
ˣĶܱϳõӡ
ӵһʱϳǰ, ʱɴ߽ͷһ˲ĻңµָԷ, ΰǰһӼϡ
񡣡ʱߴɨ, Ȼƽػ׽鷳, ɡ
΢΢ף̧ʱ, Ӳ
ѵϢѾǷ˵ڷˣһ֪
˻ţֻСèڽĿռ档
˿,׽ʱɵ, һš
ˡ
ڽʱɽԺӻջڽϵĿ, ת뿪
ԺС
ʱֻɨһѾԶ, ɫ, бᡣ
˳߿ȥ, üʵڻ
ʱɡš, û
˫ָ, һ󣬼ûλйҲ˵Դû¶棬ȥѰֻܸϺ㱨顣
ԣ΢΢üһһϦ֮ھͱӵ𣿡
˴²죬Ϊûʣ
ʱЦһҲҲ׵ĵطڳϻ⣬󲿷ȴħһɡ
ôģɲֹһˡ
̬Զϣյķţ¶˼ԣ˶
ԡʱɿ϶ͷȻ̾ûգҲ֪µĶ
Ƚȥɣ˵ħ֢״ܹⶾ
ʱǰ·Ծֹ£
ͷѵǶ֮ǰġ
ʱһݣȻǿĻ֮ıѾˡ
仹һξ룬ҲּҺؼҵһһ˵ʱ֪ųѾǶȻֵôƵ
Цˣ󵷹˻治ٰ
Ĭ
֪ǲѾʱû˼˼ɣ͵к󣬽ϣϰæء
뷿źĿһƻãĿһɫ磬ܴ󣬽Ұȫס
ʮְûģ
̧ʾ⽭ԵƬ̣߼ǽˡ
ں޶
Ϻվԭأ򽭳΢΢ҡͷޱߡ
˼ߵڣһ·޳ٻĻش𣺡졭ϡҡ񡭡졭
ǵش˵ֱ꣬ӳһƿ硣
ˡ
صȻأ̶
ٶȼ죬ֱӳǰס̼ܵҪܵˡ
֮Уڿλ˵е
𵶵ضڸλѾʱ׼뿪
Ǿ޴춯ûʲôķӦٶȼΪ̧ͷһϣȻס
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߽ϲŶվʱŷλ߳ٶۣؽǱʲôסһľګŲ޹⣬ɵüͷֱ塣
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һݶص̶ֳȣûһҩЧȫ
ԡ
ⳤһҩǲݣǴӺζأ
͵£ֽΡ

һʱ󣬽ƿţʱһͷ
䲻ϣʱɡ϶˲վ𣬾ȵ򽭳
ʱɺüǶķ
΢ȻЦһȽȥɡ
ʱɺ϶һۣŰɵߡ
ǻɽףһж֮ۼǱ߶˵ûа취ʱ뽭һƹˤؼҪͽ顣
ֻǧû뵽Ȼôĸһϲ
ڿ˯ڴϢƽȵʱʱʶִϣº͵Ԫһӿ˳ľﻺߡ
Ƭ̺ʱ˲ۣϲЩʧˡ
ʵȷǷĴǶ֮ǰԪںԸоɬһȴޱ˳Щ·ȫʧ
ҲܰȵϢеѪ˿Ҳʵò࣬ЩǶʧ֤
϶һۣĿԷеľȺϲá
ʱ򽭳ɻǸпû뵽ܽǶ
˵ų̾һ츳ͼ㹻ۺ˱ˡ
ʱζؿŽ
Ц
ˣŰæչһ£ҺͽСѾȳȥˡʱɳֹ֣УסļʾԼһȥ
ѾСԺſڵȺѾá
ʱɳʱײ
˼棬һȳΡ
治ɫϣԸơ
ʱɵɨһۣ´ɣº飬ڿûʱ㡣
Ӷסͷøͣǵиˡ
ƽ뿪ıӰ˼λµĶ𣿡
ᵽأʱɵֻ֪˭½ơ
˭ڴѾǶ
˭˵ħŵķӡͼ߸½Ĺ
Ĭһ˲ЦſʣܽǶͲԣʱ̧ͷĿһۣЦϷʵƾԼߵݣҲ⻳㡣
ɫè䡸䡹һ´ӽ̽ͷNɪԴǣүԼ߿ѡ֮ˣҪҲǵ㣬ŲڱСˡ
Сè˵š
ʧЦ̧һèԴǾΥС
Сèڽ¶˶㣬ҡԴëŶžצܲһӣˣһ˵ʱ䣬˭Ҳ
èͷĶһ˲䣬Ȼͬʱʱ̧ͷ߲ƫеͶԶϪ߹սǵһǱƬ½ǲֻʵʧ
ʱɡʹΪ޼½һҲ̲ס޵ıԴ֮ʱضԽռ䡣
嫵ıԴ֮ǿռ֮ãҲѵûָ
ٵ飬ֱӺʱ̯ơ
Ͷһ·߻𶾣ٵǶֻȥĲ֣ȫ޼١
ţʱϵɫ죬ζ뿪ڴϽĽûᣬͷβޱ
ֱʱ/ĬĬתǿԲһСʯ£оԼ
èЦظ
ʱ޿ֺ̣ͣҲˣһܴ𣿡
Ҫ
ҪȥڣҪħ޹ĳڴ½ϣҪħţҪΪǧһ޼½ħޡ
ʱֻͷ
оٳЩ
ҡۼҡ
ңʱ⡣

Ϊʲô
ؼҡңҩᡢᡢͽ𹫻ᶼͽˣ
ҪûǰҪȥڣ˵ûҪں
ôǰеħźͲ֪ƣ
нһԼͼı½̤ա
ʱֻԼԴ˵죬Ц
˿̧֣ԼС
Ц棬ϸʱϣֻǸһһļض롣
ǡ
ض룿
ʱбƳһֱۣ䵽еֻɫСèϡ
Сè䴧ֻצӣ֧ӣ̧ͷè΢ЦĻȣЦʮֿġ
ʱĬĬŲۣˣҪʲôҹܲţҲ֮ǰһ־һǷ顣
գգۣ״˼
Сè䡸ߡ֧ϰˬϴǿǾһѵӣⶼ㣿
ʱɹ˹ᣬã
߸ϻſڡ
ʱҧĸ
˸
ʱЦˣİǲҵĻᣬҪҪ
嫴ӽ˸߲ңɽ
ʱɣ
ͷЦվֵ졣
ʱûס˸ۣŭʵ֮£Ц½ҲСһˡ
Цһӵģ
СèڽЦֱ
л˵
鿩飡


124 ħŵԿ
ڵһ֪Ӻζļ, ½½ڶԭڼϱȡ쵼Ȩ
Ĵ嶨µĹײܴƣֻȺİȴԶȨĵλ
ҵ, ǿ޵ʱǰʱһϼƣ̾ΪֹѾ֮ˡ
վ˽̹סĥͷյ˸, æýͷö
, ַõ
ĳһҳʱضסһطȻ˷,ʦ֣㿴
ôˣѭ
Це, 衢ơš
ǱҶһȻʾšš֡
ǡսɹˣ˶٣ʶһۡ
ʮƽֻǿźŵš
ʼǼ, һ, ȡ֮Ϊµ, ոɡ
һᱻϵӵս쵼ȨȻܱս
, һ塣
ʱ, ֻԴ, һʢΰ, ֮, ûܹ⽻ʡ
ҾΨһĸ壬Ҫǽĵ߸ţҲҵʢս
ŷսĸɣֻʢ˹ƹûãֻʣһԾ뷭̶ûᡣ
ˣɻ
嫺ЦԣҴģûºòˡ
嫵ĻĬĬ졣
λ޴еʵһýʢڲɡ
һŽʢƣ˼ʵսã
ǴһµͻΪ˱սĹƽԣʢΪɣӳһ¡
ͷʾŵӺŵӵıѾǾֻʣʢһӮˣͿԿϱˣⳡսҲͷֳʤˡ
սһһʵмʵͳϵʵռҪֻһڻʤܿϵı峡ʤ
ѾͿʢؼһˡ
˵ʱʱԲļ¼ˮһңòײŴӽŵļ¼Ӱ
ս¼ʱɽ¼ˮݸʾ򿪡
ǽȵһҪŪЩʵǹ۲ս
ǺηʿܹЩһһ׼
Ȼǣ˽ǵһʹſʼɡ
Թ˸С£ߵǰ棬תԪ¼ˮ
͸Ӱڿն𣬽սӡһ

ǰģһ仰õڵ޼½ٺʲ
ƽ˲꣬½Ϳһֵϴơ
Щ֪Ӻζûа䣬໹ǿάԭ״ĺͱֲƲ
ʱڽ˵ɷˡ
šżĴ壬žٰᣬ޼½ǧһλԼ߰׽̵ħŷӡ֮¡
Ҳǵһٰͬᡣ
ûżҪֻҪ룬Ϳȥμӡ
ҶļԵɣЩűսɹǴ
š
ʢ⧲°˰嫵ʢŭһƣһֱҪĵﶼܵ˲һԪʹ
ϼؽʦ
ƵĹϵʦãʦҲǳʯһϺʦֱӱĽ׵ҩɴĸѾ˵ˣϼ죬һΪҲǼˡ
һλɫˡ
ԭ۸񰺹Ľ׵ҩֻУмеĴڡ
ŻŸԭȡԭûüʢѸٿɵսʹˡ
̶죬żɹزԴѣܴͬʬѿãԺͷԷɢɢߵߣǸÿʱÿ̵£̻ա
ֻʱ䣬ֻǶһսžһֽ۵ģͣһƣҲ̶á
òװʱ䣬ʢϵںתܹ˵
ϻûü߽ʢɵɾʹŵӲ
ʢ̶֪ڵľޱ䣬һʱ֮Ѫӿɼ˵һͷѪŭģٴ˹ȥ
ֻжһ˶ţһ߹Žʢһ߻𼱻ǵذźóսӡ
ŵӵƽˮƽ߽ףŵƽˮƽڽһףҪսɳҪսӵ䱣һ¡
һϼųսֻףŽ׵ĵܡ
ǿɵĵӵȼֱסˣûЩӵĳַʽȲ֮£ҵججơ
Էɳŵʮ꣬𵤶ף⣬Ҳƥʮŵӡ
һвСӮ棬ȴİٰһ£ˡ
ˣѾǽĴãҡҡ׹
ŵԼսʤˣǱһǿ츳
֮ǰҲŵ
ţ
ǿʮԪӤǿ߰
˵ô½һŰ
ȻȲҴ½İ׽Ҳǰѵһš
ŵĵԽԽԽԽŭҪΪƵĺҲҪѽߡ
Ǽλϣôأ
Ժְ𲻾Ǽල
ʧܶ±Թ𣬵ΨһܹµĶæͷҥԺͱԹѾըѹҲѹס
ǽƵľ棬һֱӳ嵽ƷקӺ𣺡ҪһӶѹڽ²ȣͼǷϣ
һ䣬˦һߣͷҲصߵ
գգۣ¶ػѩ׵ǽڣͫ׻ɢЦն
ѹŻ֪ѾסˣһҲֻйй
һ·Ժӿⷿڶ飬ȫѵʢߣٰһöԭιȥ
Ľ׵ҩֵ׵ҩʮĻҲʮöĽ׵ҩһͷö
ҪǿѹţƵǳԺҪڲݡ
̱ڽʢǰ˼ľ˲ֻʣЦ
ʱ
סʢһ㱣סλӡ
ǲǾͲһ
ǲҲһһһ㣬һ㡭
һöԭЧֻǶϵãٶȻ˯һյĽʢˡ

ʱһ£嵽ʢǰϲˣоô
ʢлɢĽ໺£Ƭ̺ſϼݡ
Ƶɡս
촽䶯һ£֪Ҫô˵ٴ̼ʢ
ʢס˿֪֫ӺζЩס壬Լ

æס̾𼤶
˵ɡʢһԼۣɳƵң⼸춼ʲô
˵ץס˶ϵ󣬺ָһǶǵĺۼ
϶˶٣ʢֱ𣬴ۣЩһһ˵顣
˵ս˺󣬽ʢһͣȻӳ١ӳ
𼤶üͷ壬Ѿӳˣʮʱ䡣
Ͻתƻ⣬˵ϣѵһλԼҲҪμᣬͬħŷķӡ
Լߡ
ħš
ʢǻﻹϵȴżֹʡ
ϡ͵ػͷͶ϶ӣ٣ȥѺɽĶóԼħޣħޣ϶ҪǰԿף
Ψ֪ɽܵĶϻͷӦˡ
û֪ħؼһԿףͲš

л˵
ҪڵĿˡ
ϲĨᣩ


125 
ϤĹһʱ, Ͱ嫶һۣ˽ܿԷе⡣
, ǵʱԼҵϵĳֵѪɫʡ
Ǹż¼ʯ޷иܵâ̺Ͱȷ
ôˣʱɨ, ˶, ʵ
ѭ
΢΢ףصողЩµĹâӦǿ

ʱһ, 漴쳣ࣺȷɲǿЦ£
ŵħűӡҲʧڴҵҰ, 罭˵ǿɾִˡ
Ƚ֤嫱ǿٹһһǧҶȷ
ǹ⣬ų⻹ĵ⡣
һ, ˻ã, ༸˽ѱɫ
ڲ֪ǰҹ޼½, Ҳֻһʱ䣬ܿ㱻ܿȺ֮, ½
ðȷ, ʱһ, Ŭƽô˵, Щˡǵħţ
Ҷһ, ɫأȵۡ
ǡüħŵķӡûгں֮ǰħŵҲܽ޼½ɣôģĿܡǳϦΪ¡
ЦһԣЩڹ£Ŀܣ
⻰ںڳλ࣬ڵĺڣڴ֮ǰȫȻû뵽Լ»˻бѴ½Ŀԡ
˼ûһֿܡǲݾЩִ޼½ˣ
ǲҪڼˣ޼½Ҳܹǲĵط
пܵķǵħţϾǲҲǿﳣõһ֡
һﾪˡ
ʱɺ϶һۣĬ
ŵ鲢ûж͸¶仰Щһ۽ٿһ۱ԲԵʱɶˣеˡ
ʱɳףڵ֮һҵħŷӡɶĵطҵĻһȺˡ
޵ɨԹŵ׵Ͽʼʱ·ħ񶼻ðɨĺʱ
šʱɻͷ򽭳»ҪæڵħŵЩ˵ԼͷǺʹˡ
˽ǿ˹ŽĿϣ
ԣ嫶ʱƲƲ죬һڽûз
һ߰Ųںİ嫣һߵҲȷһС
ʱҡҡͷԼߵݣԶҪ֪Ǹ֣ҲȻ
⣬嫲ˣ޲ǸǶԸͷ
ʱɾǶԸĻߣһضȺ
嫷˸ۣЦû˵
̾ס嫵󣬽Լ󣬵סʱ֮Ͳ𻨵Ķӡ
Ȼϣҿ԰˵Ҷ½ҲǸ࣬Ҳѹҵͬ塣ܴӦΨһһ£Щ˵⣬Ǻ⣬ҲƫǶ⣬Ǳ½飬˵Ҳ
ǰʱɾҲգ˼ЦҪһӦ£Ƿҿ㣬˵Ҳæ£鷳㣬Ҽһǵ⡣
䣬ͶԺ䶯½ı㣬Աͬպյļв廰ء
Ӧºգգۣǿϣ˼ǡħŵЩˣͻҽ磿
ͷƵΪʲôϣ֤һɵЩĻôɵͶ
ЦһûżֻҪͿ˭˵߾һأ˵ҲǸһμⳡᡣ
ݣ
ˢˢ
ʱһ飬£ɢЩ֦Ѿûǣû壡
˵ǽִЩͽҲġħޡǡ
ȻǰЦãһû˵أܶе𣿡
ʱɣܡ
Դӽɹƭˮ޴ʧȥΡ
ε˵ỹмʱ䣬ҵȥһˣǸǻݲ¶ãý
ʱɺȻ飬ͫ΢ɵ㣬ǡҰƽԭߣ
ҰƽԭߣһֻɺĴȻ
˶Ǵڵˣŵ򽭳
ע£ͷȷǵģҪȥԼ
ȥڡ
ȥƳ˼µԼ
⵽ǳ磬ǽӷ磬ڤڤ֮еĵڷⷢȡ
ⳡ磬ȥɡ

޼½ǻҰƽԭԭƽԭˣȴڡ
ȫУֻ˲ʱ˳ִҰƽԭˣȥһƬεĺ壬ڿ½ط롣
ͣںһߵĽ紦ǰߡ
Ƭ棬ףʵһӲĽʯΨһĽʯ·ȥ졢ˮ˷·Ϊһ塣
ĿĵĴȻļʾˮ濴
˳ָķȥ֮֮еûˮпԼĵӰ
˶һۣͬʱסһ뿪ʯˮС

ˮ֮£һء
ƬΪ֮˵ûһˮܻŻȥޱ޼ûоͷԱ޼½˵Ľޡ
ƴģȷʵסԾԾԵˣֻվڽһ֪ʲô
ڡ
һƬڵĵ̡
ߣ
ڴ½δչֵĵطĴڴɹʶΪ޼½ı߽磬޹ʲ룬Υ
ڰԼѾִ˽ꡣ
½뺣ల£Ҳ뿪鷳Ҳ׷ɱѲߵ˶ջ˯
һΣڵİзڶϸСݡ
Ѳߵβħͷ£ĵĸ۵˵ˣ
Աæʯħ·/ǰֻһһʯֻſŲйƺħһۣ㲻ȥ𣿡
ЩСݾ˴֤䵽ڲŵĵϣ˵Ѿڵ
ħβͣνӦû¶˹˶þ뿪ˡ
ħ̧ͷǸϵûмٵĺۼգۣȷ𡭡ݶ䵽ͷˡ
ħĵ̧ͷ
ԭȻû̫£ֻǼ仰Ĺݾ䵽ͷɫ䣬ææ캣ݡ
Сˡ롪֡
ԽԽ࣬䵽档
ħһƬȥˣβһֱӾҪϳȥء
ʱһŰɫŴӵ滺
ħ̵Ķһ͡
һ˲мᣬʢĻһۼǵԱߣﷺ˲㲨Ҫһ㡣
лڹħ˲ֹͣͷǰ
漴һ׹̰𣬴͵Ц⡣
ǵŲ˻
λԶͷһͬӭӡ
л˵
һæҵְҵ飬ǰˡ
ʣµݾβŲʮ֣Ӧÿᡪ



126 ڣ
˳ƺڵˮһ·³, ڽ/ǰˮѹҲʧȥ
ۣĿ͸ˮѾܲˮĴ, ܶ½һ㡣
嫱Сè˦˦ëҹȻˮ
ĹǱסԼеè
嫺, Լڽ·档
֮ǰ, Щֱˮ̤ڵķߣĪ, 
񡭡
ؼˡ
סŹֵĸо, ͷһͷѾȫʧݣĬȴ
һߣźŵʧ󣬽ڰյĺħɥ, ȫһͷ
߳ˮŵǳ,ߣ, ۰Դ
ǡᣬС˿
, ߰, ȥӭǵĹ͡
ǵɢ, Ц, ýӲĺ߻, ɪɪض㵽һߡ
Ǵͷصˮԡ
δ̤ڵĵؽ磬һʱЩӦ򹧾һǣЦڣôнȥǵѰɡ
һ飬ޱ̧ͷ
֮ٴ߳һˣޱƺüһЦһΪϰ常ⲻصˡ
һۣӲ񣬡ҡ
ЦеӦ߰ɣԹǣһȥС׻
˵ãһ˵ǾԼʱ׷ɱͽ飬ֺˡ
ҡҧڣٲϣ󵱼ҾԶˣ
Цеظأǿǹͣȥˡ
˵žͿٸȥ
ںĵһۡ
һǧһε̾Լ
Ͱ嫣Щ
᲻ԣµĶѾӿ࣬ת۾Ʈڵı߽紦
Ͱ嫻ڶŷѰ·һͷͼһɴԿ콵䣬ɴɢżֹС
ͣסŲǰˡ
ǿڣ骱͵Цõؿڣҵˡ
˭ԭأ
ǡ£̧ͷͷ֪ջǺ̾ǵħ޼½ؽߣҲڵĽߡ

ټĿռ·ͣһ˲䣬ؿ¡
ΪԼ𰸶¶صĶˣЦش𣬶λ𣿡
ټûڴү´һˣȻĬĬŲ

Ĭǳڵޣ׻үɲ
׻үֻǸճıܸѾȫ͵޸ɼܡ
Цõ̧ͷȴײǰ˵С
һ˲䣬·𿴵޾󺣣ī䣬аסע⡣
һʱ޷ѣ޷˫ī˫۵ᡣ
ݺݰߣҡͷƿʶ
ôͰԼ/ףȰ־ǿ󡣡
æסüͷ壬ֱ骣ιʲô
ޱܰˡɴº͵ҵıǺʶɢ޷ƣӦúǡ
ƲƲ죬סļ΢΢ȴûкǺ
һһ䣬ں󷽵غڸ˹һһ骵ࡣ
Ѿͽ嫴νޱ飬˿ûƴǼİһ޲
һλףְֲһԶתڣڷİȤǡ
ǹ骾ͿڽܵأҲڵ峤
أЦָǣλӦúϤˣǣǱԼ顣
ԣͰ嫾Ŀ˲侪
Ͼ¹صĵˣһֱޱ飬˿ȥ֮ա
ִ̧ǵļЦеʱҲǹҪ׷ɱġ
챻Ū˻˵ǹġ嫷˸ۣ
Цһ常˸Ц⣬˵̯ӣʰһ£
̾һɴ˦ȥȻλðɣﲻĵط
ֻ˵˾仰˵ɴǰľȻģ
ͨ͸÷ֲĺ򣬶һʪɫع
ȥΧܶǼıС
дͷҶ£ȴû⣬Χϸ͵͵ԺѨﴵԴ뱯
⧲عȱɫķغǣʶһۣȻͶ骣ѹĵǡ
Χɫĺ磬ЩȻתһȦĿΧÿһɨ䵽ϣૣϤ
û˵üŰ嫵ķӦ
ǰӦʮϤŶԡ˵ʱʥƳ
ż㣬ƮɢɴٴξۼߣĶƮУв԰׵Ĵϣǣ
Ǳƻ㣬Ͱ嫺޷رȥ
һ·˳̨ϣӴĺعչԭò
ͻȻ˳ӵĲһ٣ȵǸߴƽ̨ϡ
ѾƮ̨֣ϵľƽŵıףµüۼȾ˵
קק½ǡ
ͷ
嫵ҡҸо
ȻʵףҼ
ţɻ̧ͷ΢΢üļģ
Լı塣
˲Ȼɴۣ͵ƽ̨ϵıף͵ػͷסŵȷ
ȷ϶骶ٿýڲָĪҲ
ҿ϶뵱ʱŰ嫱ıһģһСʡ˸ĺⶼֺ
ʵҪýԭ׵ģ֪Ϊʲôƶ
ţŲߣ骡
û˵ûῪڣЦʮֿɬִġһһһ͸㡣
ǹڵأ˵ʱһδĿʼרעԼǰıϣ϶
һ׺󣬲κηӦᣬʱ㻹ֻ̣ѡбĸ޼½ǡǡ
ָ̧֣ڰ˵ݺ̧Цһܴ뱾Դ֮Ұ˱׺󣬺ͷˣҲͲ֪ȥ򡣺ҵԼߡҲ
£͵Ҳ˽꣬װұȴҲҲѵķ
׸Ⱦÿһˣ츳ǵҲý絶԰Ρ
һ骺Ȼȥ۽Ѿĵεᣬȥȱֱֱ򽭳Ͱ嫣ڣֻҪһλͻҾܴȥ
ͷһֻĿ⽻ӵһ˲䣬͸оԼ޷ǱһɽѹţھŬ׷Ѱճĺۼ
ֻŽеĽ໺ѹųʹ˶һĿȻľ
죬Ȼѹ̧ס࣬΢΢üΪܹ𣿡
ܹǱ롣һһǺѡеսߣҪôҪôɥȪ
վɴƮڽĿ棬ǧҪסϲֹͰ嫵½ħ޵δзӡ޼½Ĵļˣѣ뱣һУ
骵ÿһֶش㣬ݺ򽭳
ȭҧͷŵѹɲǼ䣬ǰֱѾ
ס֣嫶ʱŭɶǰ֮䡣
骵ѹȴ׼ƹ嫣ȫ䵽ϡ
ֻоԼڱ飬ǧĴһһڹͷϣȻһķ²ں졣
ι嫷ŭص骣Դ֮ۿžҪ
һ۰嫣ʱѹ
һ£ûס˼ǿǿס塣
һѻסļ򣬽ôûˣ
û
ҡҡͷ̧ͷֹסҪ骵ķŭ
嫡Լòײžۼһλεس壬ڸ̨ɴƮ骡
һ˲ҡҡλεǳ骾һлǰ
ס
̧סͨʱܹԷڵ
۾ԽԽ漴ŵػͷס̨ϵ骣ܲλ淨򣿣
һͨѹԭֻܿռ֮ĽԿռ䷨Ȼ
ֱӵ֤ǽڲԪ̺Զͬȼ˵
Ǿпռ֮ζܿסЩԪ
عĵģҶ㶵骣غǶ壬Ȳѡ
˵ľ죬ֻǳǳ˴Ȼ򽭳ڸֵˡ
һ絣ħޡħ޼½Ĵ
Ǿʹ˷ùҹ
붼룬Ը˷ʱشֻǷʵ˵ħŲħ޵ĳ֮·ԣʲôʱȥΪã
Գ޼½͵ħŵؽˣ⣬ٺʲˡ
л˵
-ôôգ


127 ħþֵһᣡ
Խѯ, 骸ɴھͿԡ
ڣ΢΢üͰ嫶һۣĿ¶ɫ
, վһȦ䵽ޱİϣ΢΢һЦ,׼𣿡
̧һ, û˵
ԣħŵķжһҵħŵķӡ, ħͨͨڶؽԻֱͣȥ鴦, ʡǰڵЩ鷳
ȻѾ̸ز鶼ȷһš
骿ڽ͵ڱ޼½ԪֻҪͨ˵ħŵĿ飬õϿɣ֮Ϳ
һ, ˼ʣ˼˵ħŵͨ޼½Ŀ, Ҳ
骵ͷȻҡҡͷ,ȷʵ޼½Ŀ޼, ħħ޸ͨλĿ, ֻ޼½ܽħ, Ǳ˳˺Ʒӡ, ޷
, 
ЦһȻ޼½߳ڹ
ôˣ骼ɻʡ
˫Ѿ̯ƣҲٲҴţ֮ǰԼ˵һ顣
骺һع̫ʱ֪һշķƱ仯
ÿһ仰ɫһ֣ͬü֣Ž˵Ըȥ飬Ǳûж
Ӧˣץסüͷǣһ˳ȥ
壿
ĴԦ
Ͱ嫶һۣû˵
غ뿪ıӰ骲ûн飬ǶԽм͡
˵
ǳЦһǸ⣺֮ǰ׷ɱ飬ʵҰŵġ
򣿡ĥһȻģ
Ȼв죬û˵ֻؿ骡
º͵ǲ֪׷ɱ㣬ݡʱҲݣҲ֪׻ߡ֪ģûʱˣֻ˵ֶαͻƼޡ
嫲Ųϻֱӷ˸ۣô˵ǻøл㲻ǣ
ʱһ㣬ǶǸ֮ص³
ֻǻ𽭳ʲôðյ飬嫾һӵĻ
û˵˼ĽЦǸ⣬ҲͰ嫼ƽϣ˵Щǵ½л˵ֻҪܳΪ˸һдۣҵ
˵ʮأԶȸոκһ仰Ҫ
ƲƲ죬ûӦ
ҡҡͷƽΣҲȷʵҳɹ˿ռ֮ãոҲǰҴ˿ռ䷨ĴڣЩҸøлŶԡ
˵ţ̧嫵ġ
嫺׹һɫСè´ܵ˽
״骱֪ѾѡҲ׼һ۽纣˸һ£˵мǣһҪסš
һ䣬骱̧֣ոʧɫˮһγ֡
а㻺ţɫ˫΢ѽ˰嫣ȥ
Ϊϣ
ĸ֣ˮİèʧ
عƽĵعãɴڵˮɢ
Źδգ૵ٵȵȣϾܴؼˡ

嫶ڵħŵиǴ
ڵĶҲãҲգǶħΣҲǶǰˣ˭Ҳ֪ڵĵħʲôӡ
˰һֱյĵΧ⣬ǰһжǺɫģҲĶ
ߵ̫ģڽһȻ骿·Ӧûֱȥĵطʱǿܻᱻǿзֿ
Сèֱ΢΢ȻԼСèЦҾյ㡣
Сè°ͣǱȻȳ㣡
޵İôʱ˵ðǡôذ˽Ľǡ
ֱӰèԴԼߣһ£Ȼ±ס
èһϢ˵㣬Ҫ
ƮƮǸ£ҡ
嫣
һ£ðɫëëڲסɫˡ
Сèһſ죬Žľһڡ
ûҧһ£ġ
Ц£뿪˵ǰĳһ¾ͱˡ
еèʧڵĺɫ򻺻һÿ׵Ĵֱⶼڵס󣬲ֹͣ仯
ԭδỽ嫵֣һ߻ܣüͷ΢
ϣǱûлظ֮ıԼϵһαǿжϡ
ֳ̧ɣԪԼȻʧȻҲʧܡ
ǰͷɭ̧֣ǰߡ
ͬһʱ䣬ͬһص㡣
Сè⧲رˤϡ
ʧȥ˽ůĻ嫳ɤһȻ˲͡
üԼΧľɫȷ޷ͽϵϺɫ˲һҪɱ˵ıŭǰߡ
ôߣΧһɫƫڵĻͷеʵɫӰ
ͣ½Ų̧ͷϿֻһǱĹâ
⡭
̧°ܸͣоķЩ֡
һƸ㣬صɴۣ뵽ˡ
¯
ͶĹâ·һεɫƣԽԽȵĿ
ô˭¯ˣ
嫰һȥһҪ鷳򲻹ҲҪ
һħͷԵĹ״үʾͷɴһүƵָ־үү
״үֵĴѾɭּС·߳һʱ䡣
ԽԽֺͲϽ͵ĺΣûʲôĵط
ֱ
һϤıӰӹ
һ٣ȵػͷ
ֻ޷ɿߣԽԽ죬Ǳƨ/һͷǴϤİɫëµ߶ëϻµ̺«Ǻš
Ҫ˵ֻޣ̫ˡ
һһιģ
˼ˣϸϸؽΧһȦԼһ޵ɫɭ֣ж
òǡ
ŵĺɽ
һɴԪ޵ɭֵͿзɿǰС
ŵĺɽһأʢӲ˿ҲûȥںɽĻΧ۰غСԡ
źɽվλãʮа/žǺɽأ
ħſħ޵ķŴ󱻿ߵŭˡϲáȼħԴԼľ
ûȥأħſΪʲôѡ
Ų⣬һ·ɳۣƾŸо롣
ͬʱްõİҲ쳣
Ȼ¯ǱضҪʹãǲȱٵĴڡ
״үյػһȦ󣬲ûзκοƵĶողĵ¶ȶȥ
һȣһ䣬Ī
ˣɫӰӻȥߺȻͨ͸ʼ仹ܿһӰӡ
æֱ壬ſħŸŵħݡ
뷨ֻάһ˲䡣
汸ĥ˳ֺ󣬰͵ŭʹģԼҪһһ˺ķȫѹ˹
һҪȥܵԪȴοϡ
ſҡ
ŭһ
εԭأ޷ƶ޷ۡ
ֻŽǰūۡ
ŽɿܣͶ¯ʢ꣬˰ڲɱΪ䱦ÿһˣȻԷ꣬ó
ж嫳ожʹ
޸߰⣬Сֻװ½һˣڽ鱻𱻷ɣܶ
һգ˻Уȴ·ˡ
һĻĻһѶ۵ָ嫵ࡣ
ҧأһһλҷ˫Ѿͨ죬Ѫĺɫԭʥ߰Ľɫһһɡ
졪
嫴ŴشЦҲƲסӿıԴ֮
ʹֻ֪ǿ飬֪һþǿƲסҲƣ
˺һУá
޷εİ׻Ȼ֣˫߸Ѫͨ졣
ǰ֫޴ı״˲ͣķŭһЩӰҵ÷顣
顪
ǿĶɽħȻ顣
ͬ׻ıԴ֮һɨա
޴ıޱѪɫȾ˴µİɫСèشȴڲסЦ⡣
Σ
˭Ҳƽ
ѪķӡСèУɭֲ

֪ǱʲôѾҵħΪ׼Ļþ
һýľ궼轵ƹĻþ
վڻþſڣۣٻۣͼȻؿǰһĻĻ
ŽʢӲѰ嫴Ӱ׻ĸаٶ
ʱգ֪ΣڵϦԭ
ʹԼ侲ڷټʱ䡣
ʱ飬㽭ʢĿģڰµÿһ˺ۡÿһˡ
棬Լʦţʢ԰ʹǿūǩԼԼ
Сӡû桢롢һоĶڰʵ顣
ǿѪӲðŲ֫ϱ۹Ӳдʮ꣬гѪȥȫ½񵤡
嫵ʮڲѭţٵٵ޾ĥ밧
ԭأһϤ޼ָ׶ĺѳϪѪ⣬ûκζ֤ӵ
ûдħýĮ·ժԼĲ̣Լǰ飬ϵ˺ۡ
ڲ֪ٱѭ˷Ӧ
ۣѾɺѣ촽ϼ䶼ܴһѪۡ
ĮȻؿڣ˻ȴΪ׼ħþ𣿡
ֻۣԼǰЦһĮħţˡ
նİ˸ֺǰһж·Ťһ£Ŵ졣
վţ޲
顪
ڣڽħƣɷĩ
ڰֽ
һ£̧סԼ࣬ʹ
ոձѹƵʹһӿޱߵľѹϣ޷޷Լ塣

ڰľУ
סһ٣æߵĵϷһֻſſŵѪɫСè
ڿ˹ѪɫСèǿͷè°ͣûү˵ˣһ㣡
һ仰ȴǳǳؾͻȥ£ڽͷϵ
ɫǾҲĹâˮ󣬻˳еºΣĸмȻ
ǿǰȥϥһأ֧˵ϣˡ
嫱һèۡ
֪޾㳯˫ۣŵ۾ԼСèﴽǳЦɣ״үǻؼҡ
л˵

ôôգ


128 壬½
Ž״̬Ͳ̫Ծ, ״үŵòˣԼֱȻ̽ͷôˣǲħ۸ˣ, Ҵħȥ
ЦЦûԼոտݣҲûʰ嫾ʲôϵħ𣿡
ȻԣСèצԼ, ۵,үǰ֮ǸħҲүĺ
ֱʧЦôԼŪģģȸϴһ¡
Ϲڮٱү
˵һ, ֻè̱ȥſſڽ, è۽գ΢ü޷
嫣ͣèϸ鿴
½º󣬽ٵǿ骴Ŀռ䷨˺ƿλ档
ӽͰ嫽ħſ, 骾һֱڱǰ
ԴԺ, 㰮˹ǰλãѰ, ϼ켸죬һ
ĵعԪʱ, 骻̧, ǴС
һ˲, һֻȾèڵع, ԼҲΪ͸֧ٿؿռ䷨ƣԪݽߡ
ôˣվ, üͷ΢塣
˲Ƶ࣬һ۱㿴ѾȻԵСè䣬üһͣεħŵĿֻǹģôŪԼˡ
ҡͷɬҲ֪ʲô
ɡ骳֣ϸŰ嫺һЦСһƺܾûжȫˣڶȻʹã̼̫˹ȥúûˡ
漴Ű嫵ֱһᡣ
Сè䱻骽˹ȥȻƵķڱһյء
ں档
վת֪ʲô𣿡
һ٣ͷСè˼Ƭ̺ҡҡͷ
嫲Ը˵Ͳ֪
Ц㸸׹ȻһƢ־飬϶飬ƥ
ϵᵽףҲ⣬ֻʣҲʶҸ𣿡
ЦŵͷȻߵǰ̨£ֳ̧һӣСһﻹһʱָҲҪúϢһ£ʱ䣬Ҹ㽲¡
˳ӵߵ¡
°ôӰǰ𡣡ȣ˫ֱϥµ°ѹϥϣᵴЩ
֮ǰ骻ֻǵħŵؽߣսһֵĽӡسʱ˻ֻëͷСӵ
ʱֻģȴϡԼϵ˵ģѾʵ۴½ǰһһܶҲ֮ȼ츳
ʱһвɽߣһҪҩģһΪԼѰһʵԼūޡ
ǼΪ½һ˵ĽҲס죬Ѿ𣿡
Ҫ֪󲿷ɵ߶ʮ
΢΢ͷŸпҵʱҲ츳ˣʱҲģԼҸӣһֱڰй۲Сһ
ȻһΥ½ؽղǱ򣬾һ޿ڵ࣬͵͵δڵ塣
Ҳ壬骲ŷһһŭѵܡ
Ϊ½Ԧ֮׵壬Ȼܸޣ
ޣɽһ߽ʬͽͣ˵Ŀģ͡
˵һӦǱ͵ħŵ֡˪ܽȫüͷ塣
ʱֻǸӣûʸӴЩأ֧ϵɥĸΪĿӡ
˵֧ϵ̫࣬ͬڶݡ̫죬ʮּ£츳һ¶·һ
һ׾ΨΨŵŵһ̿Ŭ۱Լĸ׵ʱ
ֻϧþǱվǷľ츳ϲ£ߵ츳ѪȥԼ޵ķ񷽷
ԽüͷԽ
ʱ˵Ĳ骣Բ뵽ͷϣټ壬ﾹѾ˸ã
츳ߣ֪Ҳǿ骸ٹ۲󣬲֪ѾԼ
һʮ꣬ס
Ϊ塸һֱ̣ҵ骡
˵µʱ骿Цһһֱڿռѷ˭֪СһﲻңҪش˽ŵð
̾Ϊֹǰǿ
׸ոմռѷ춼ŪԼԪݽߣʱֻһס
ҡҡͷ̾ʵΪֹҶ֪ôҵġ
ʣʱ֪𣿡
֪˵Ц£ܴûҵݣֻΪͽס
죺ס
骵ͷ˵Эоʧȥ츳űΨһ̡
ü
һ󣬵ʱ骹ʹӦˡ
ʱû뵽ԼһϣڲͣǩԼԼԽԽԼԹūԼɺˡ
Ȼǩ˱Լʡ
骵˵ͷʱѾ15꣬˰ɡ岻ͣߵȼԼȼ´ԪѹÿһߣȴӲ꣬͵ŷ˲ٱޡ
ȻҾҪҪߣҿ԰
ܾˣҪĸףҲû취Űɱޡ
骾ԼͻƵԪӤĵȼǱǩԼЩһߡ
ĴȱĻڱ˿ǿЦľȴش骡
һ̿ʼ骾û˵һͨСһ￴Ƿĵ뾴塣
ԵȵͻԪӤʱ骶˵˳ŵ
׼޵İֵ췭ظһڱʵޣҲڵˡ
ʮǰĶԹڸˮ棬峹׷˳½ԭҲ
骽еļһȻЦ˵ʱڻ˽ʮȶطҺһһҲʱĸĸ
ת˼һ٣̧ͷ骣ŵ档
˳ʱǰƶϣʱĸĸӦҲֻǸɵĺ䡣
ʱۼÿʮ궼Ҫڴ½һȦѼҩģһֱɳۼҵӡ㸸׵ʱѾţڽеһ񡣡
˵ɲ顣
ɭΪ鲻ʳݣǡԼĲϤչˣڼָɵͬڲɼҩĵ骶ˡ
ʱֻǴ˸棬Ƽˮˡ
ʮ֮Ϊֱɭз˱ΣڵϦޣ޲ߣֻ
Ҳʱڲ鵽ڵ˿Щټɱ˹
±ֻ̲ܣײ޵ɭˡ
زɭ˵Լʶûãǰ׷ɱֱӰΪˡ
ɽӡ޸ڸ˻
ɱˣû۶˵
ʱʽʶ
ʱѽʮ꣬һֱѹԼĵȼͼڻڳưż
ǶɽڴԲȻӵѪλ淨ѹû취һͻƣֻܵǱߵĽչ
ɭ٣츳ҲǴ½ָĴڣʮ꣬ѾͻƵ׵ľ硣
ǽ꽻Ҳڰʦɭڴ󴦱ߣԼΪڻȡԴ
һʱʢӣҲܰռƬĴ塢µҪԭ
ֻϧþ骼ӹһֽӡʱ尵ɱ̶֣һ/ҹɱڽħޣƵ֮˶ĨȥԼڴ½ϵټ
ͬ꣬˳˿鵽ɭϣҹ̽źҴլ
ܾѲǧűסӵȴѾֻºӣɭԶġ
۰У뿪ۼңչԼֶӡ
ôҲϲһŷչһšȳΪŴϺԵʱѧ·ĽһʣɴΪͽŶ
˺̶ʮ꣬ڱ޷Уһصħţɴ½ᶼĽ/ɡ
۰źۼҴصߵС
峹伣ɳĴǩûκαʶȵĴڡ
ۼԽԽĹۼҵڴ½ߣǧλһļ̳ˡ
¼ҸֱӴؼҵʦþΪ½˲š
̶ʮ꣬½ѰӿڼһвЩ˲ٲҴŰˡ
һжֻǱǰš
ţأû˵
ʷŨɶ̶̼λϢò˼
˵̾һ򽭳ˮĸĸǴź뿪ģҲû뵽ᷢôġ
ĬãʵҸףģ
骶˶٣̾ڵħţǴĽӡ
΢΢ü
ʣ骱㲹֣
ͫ΢˵
ɭظȷϵĸףĳ޼½͵ħŵλӡ
л˵



129 /׻ĳ
ڽһ˵ħʱ, 嫾ѾƲħŷӡڡ
ûλؽߵİħŵ߶ӷӡڽ룬Ҳ˵÷ӡڵعߵͬ⡣
ħŵķӡ, ǽĸףǵħŵĹ𣿣
Ȼصߣ骰ħžһţзӡ, ħŶҪԿס, ûԿ׵İǾֻͨλ濼˵˿ԽԿѾʧ˽ʮ꣬ԶһҪħŵħ˵, ž൱衣
ʣԿΪʧ٣
ҡͷʵᰡ𣿡
ᰡһ㶣ü,й𣿡
骴𣺡ʮа/ţħԿһѣһ⣬һͲ, һԭ, һʧ١ٺĵħȻһЩħΪ, аԵ˺ܶ, 󲿷ֶħ, ʮޡ
˵, ζ᰾졣㸸ס
̾,Կɭ϶, Ҳ뽫ԿѰôһֱڵħ
һڹ̷ӡһ׷Կ׵䣬һֱûȥ֮ϵҲˡ
ᰡ
˻Լߡ
Ƭ̣վǽһкг
ԿʧٺɭһֱħεϢ⴫骶֪ħ﷢ʲô
򵥵ļ仰骺ŭǳʳԪһǽҲĬ
ֱϥۣһϻƮǰ
һ㶣ǣ
ǴĵħԿס骻ۣ򽭳ŶҲ뿪Ҫռꡣ
һƯϵԿףЩ֣һڱˣǰ
Ұ
֪ҪʲôֱӸ˴𰸣ЦôݣΪ˼ؽְ𣬵ȵˣȥ
죬ʱ֪Ҫνȥˡ
̧ҡͷ׻Ĵ֮һδҪߵ·ܳ߹˳·а׻ҵĿ飬Լǧ޵Ŀ
ԣɫһ٣ȵ϶˼εĺΡ
˼Цôǻû˵
򴽣Ȼ̾Ҳ֪ƴûⷽ顣

鲻֪
Īģ嫾˸һ֪ǲǰ⡣
骱ΪѾ˵ˣͨ⣬˭˻ڸɽະ˭˭⡣
ֻСϻŸճû̸˵֡
骵֧ס򢣬һڱ˯Сϻٿһ۽ȻǲǺ֪ԷڵħҾûбҪǿһ

ӽü̧һӣץŵǰ
ƯǰʮС㣬ɵؽͶ骡
ȴջ״٩Сèˣ
΢
ѪɫСèڱ£ؾС׻ޣ׻ү
ȷʵоۼЧԻָԴ֮аʱָˡ
嫻һ£ԪûˮëϵѪȫ»ָСèӡ
԰Сè䣬Цһаɣ׻үҪҪͳһһܣ
ԣè֧ǰ֫ڱ׵ıԵͷȥ
ոֻ͸֧ԪҪ޸ʶģ˵ÿһÿһ仰
Сèͷʢ޶е貽ɫϸȥǴδȾָĿհ׺¶
׻ڳʱԶ̳ȱļ䣬ҲǼʷûκС
ʲôǰ𣬲ʲôԶֱʶʡ
֪˵ûд
ֻн˸ҲֻнкһС
գգۺ/ȥãȻӣ˼Ц⣬ָָԼǰĹ㣬ҪҪڶԷ𣿡
˶ԼЦŽͣħǽ㾭ġǺµʹ飬޷ŴѭĳЩ£Щһйأһܼ顣
̧嫵ķϷʵֻСèϧԼϰıԴ֮ȫĿҲҪ˻þ
ֻ֪Ԫݽ߻Թȥ֪ȻôյһĻ
͵嫣üͷ塣
˵Сèһ´ӱгСڵײĻҪŰ׻үʵ
ײؿƵۣӦ󣬵סůСèεָԴ´αô嶯һиôô졣
ء
ëԴֱۣè󣬰״үʮ־֮ͨ
骣ͷǰ鷳ˡ
ʼ磬ÿɷ˫һƣЩƵǰ
ĶɢȻ󵥸ת£Ͱ嫵ϡ
ɲǣЩڵħŻþ飬ȫǰ
Ͱ֪ԷþݣȻع󣬰Ѿͣĳüš
֣๵סȻ޳ָһ򿪣ЩĴ˺ۡ
˫󱻰סֻ棬̵ҲǣҲǡ
ڰ嫵Ŀ£˼顣
һЦҡҡͷ뿪֮ǰζһλЩȻûü˵Ҳڣһ˵İΣΪԼħ֮ܳΪǻʲôǰء
˵ˣ½԰һơ
ȣͼԼֳȻ˫ôˣȲԼ̣İٷ֮һ
ץϵĽɫȾ˲𣬡ڷйȫţöܰ
죬˵ץסԼ˾ͺȻһֻСè䣬Ȼڵ
ֻŰɫëëһӳ嵽Լǰ
һ˲ֻоëſԼϣ㱼䣬촽ϻܵ˵ʪ
𾪻񣬵Ⱥ޷Ŵè۾ʱź֪ӦèȻ/ͷ
Сèؿ˰죬һͺ޷ӦģɻҡҡβͣȻͷǵ𣿡
ǵԼĸôѽ
ôһа⣬ס
ĬĬϵСèѵȱ͡
˳ӵرظ߽ͷģͷ𣿡
̾ż⣬һǡ
ǳϢڶϣ벻ͬԼȾƵһ̣ʱ·ֹͣת
ʶסǰֻʣĽëԼһƬѣκȡ
ʱ˿̣ڼӵнǧİ״үζ
ʱ·ãַ·ֻתһ˲
˶ѾľĽż⣬ѣΣ󳷡
ˡ
һԼײ𶯣
һǿӰ˳ѹɬɣ۵Ĵǡ
嫾һŽδӦʱֱ˿Ĵ
żԼҰߵӰͫ΢ûع
ֱ嫵𣬴Цѧˣ
л˵
Сè̾Ѻ󡭡

ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


130 ں
骺ܾûع, £˳ŵع߽罫ѲһץΪѲ߹Ķ˯ŵħ
ħսսվԼǰ, 骺ƢЦЦһŭǴкΪͺˡ
ǺӦˣСƵذħߡ
ԱڿҿѲӹһٵħ˿, ͵һ, Ȼܿһ벻Ҷ
ЦſԼף常ܲѽ, Ȼ˼/ϷСħǡ
Цŵһۣ, ߡ
ؿ߼߱ߵ˵
骵ͷɣɳҲڣԻϸˡ
ʶɡƵ,ô˵ǵҩĵ, ֻϵߡ
Цһͦڴ¶Լݵʱ򣬵ʱ½Ҫһ˰ɡ
, س죬ǿɲ, һԼߵͷֿ, Щ˵׽Ϣ
Ц
ؼ˵, ۼǱ߿ܳЩ鷳, ɳȥ߶鲻ۼڵ
骲һ, ΢΢üۼҳ𣿡
صͷԺܴ󣬽ڻ鲻ۼڲ顣
ɨĵӰڣʱҲˣͷأ߰ɣȥʳӦ֪
ʱԤú׼骺ؽعʱѾѰ嫴ԼȥϵĺβŸոɢЩ
Ȼƿˣ㣬żϲ
˽ˣæʰԼʶһ۰嫣ȻƽϢ
һЦ
Ƽ⸱ģЦ˵ˣ
˿ˣƤ񣬼ӦԼͽĹϵ
һ죬ײһ¡
۵졣
ءŽõѪĴ٩ɬСڿѽ
˵£ЦŵһۣȻ򽭳㣬ۼǲǳˣ
ԣѾ챩˵Ľǿס˼ɫв֪ĶݱʦǶҩĸҲѾϻۼҰæ
֪Ķݡ
ۼҶٴеĶԴزʲô򵥵Ķԡ
骳˼Ƭ̣أ𣿵˾ɡ
áӦߡ

Ͱ嫶һۣû˵
ܵӦҲʶ򣬾һֱڵҩѧϰˡ
֣ͫ΢ȵҲڵˣ
ڣҲȷʵͬ֡
ڵҩ̬ȣʱˣҡͷЦʦֿ볤ƥеˣ᳤츳޲ڣû뵽ô
骵ʼѧϰ˵ҪȥҩᣬҲȰס
Ҳ𣿡ʡ
ҡҡͷʱȻ࣬ҲΨһһ޼ݵߡ
˼˵꣬رѾһ˽
ȥȴһλݰ׾꣬õһ£˫ɵĮ޹ӣ˿Ƶĵط
嫶⣬򣿡
ɻǵǸڵҩƹȳҵ
غ棬ƽɨڽͰϻһȦǳУȻ骡
骺˫Įڶ˼ɫʡ
ͣ²Ӷԭأ񣬡ʦ𡣡
ħ֮ӣԱΪӡ
ǲͬϧֿ츳ɴΪͽܡ
Ϊ骵ͽܣʵϵ޶Ψһ¶棬ҲڵֻΪṩĵҩ
ȥҩһֱûлҲûȥʦͽнûһҲʪλҪȥ𣿡
΢΢ҡͷ
һಹ常綯ϴҲǸ¶ɸλᣬǰεĵǶٻذɡ
д⣬򽭳嫶ˣ˵Ҳ̸ɡ
ףʱɳԼߵμᣬһͷ˵㵥ҲôʽҸ˵ݲμӣħͷμӣһΪħܸõĲħĻ֣ұ뵽ڡ
ĿģȻЩ֮⣬Ҳ֮С
ָָ̧أԽЩ飬̸ãҾͲˡ
ڵѷֲܣһ˾
˵꣬骾ͳˣѵع̸¡
˰𾪵ߴŲء
ػһЦعһңȥ̸ɡ

˵Ľ̸άһӣ骸վ⣬ͷԶɴ޷ԶƮĪȾ˼Ȼ
ǰȥ常Ѿ̸ˡ
Ӧ󣬵ԶδƿڰֵȥɣҪʱҡ
ԣغͽһۣ뿪ع
˵عֱӽ͵ڳڴŽһֻ֣Ц⣺ٵ죬ҺǱȥ㣬ݾͷʱˡ
ЦŵͷһվԲ޲ޱգӦİɣִһеġ
ʱסʧˡ
˰ΣŴӾԶļڳصݡ
ؼ֧ϵҲǵҩḱ᳤ĴͽܣڵҩҲ˳޵š
ڸмͣ˺ļμ潻ʡ
ڴ֮ǰһڵϢӦؼҴϴƣŻʱ
ʱھĸĸ뿪ؼңӴ֮󣬱ûѽϢ
˵ʧˣ
ԼԸ񣬾Ե޹޹صˡ
мӡûйܣֻ˵ҡ
˵꣬תˡ
һɴıӰεЦЦȻǻۼǱߵҲйأ˵ϵ츳Ǳߡ
û˵꣬ζ򽭳
üۼǱߵȷʵЩ죬Щд½һڵħŵȷѪꡣ
󿴿ҿɴ˸Ƿ˵Һ͵ħţҵģ鷳æһ£Һͳ˿˺ͳˣôܶħš
常˵Ӻߡ
֪ǻȻ󽻴ˣؼʼȻüʲô

Ͱ嫶һۡ
嫴ں¡

ͷһЦûǵķܣǾǺںɣ常˵·ľûˡ
Ĭƿ⣬ûٶᡣ
ذ͵֮ϣкѰֱͺãһֱڵš
˵ӻ֣һԾС
޹ԱʧˣȲСèܽ˲䣬ҽȥҶ϶֪
˵꣬Сè
Żл˯Сè۽΢飬εرˣż㣬·ķ
л˵



131 ֮

һ, ӭźڰֱ߲С¥ʼ󺰴Уۣ
ˣ
һ֪ҵħҵüϻ𣬻һҲ˵
̣ẹ̀
û, 嫵Ҳûط
ȹޣҲ嫵ĸĸڰ嫳Ҫһε޼̳ʱ׻޷˵ؽԼĺ˹
, Ϣĵط, ڻˣ嫳ټյֻʣ¶һˡ
ʱ, Уû֪, Ҳû֪ı壬ͨ嫺˵ʱֻһ˫ǳ۱Լùġ
һΰŭͷֱӳ嵽˶סȻһοǳ
һڰռ˵ķ, ڰ֮, ֻеǳѭۼȻɢ
վſ, ӭһǳ飬ɢĲʹ䵽ǰ, һ, ٴը
âİ嫴󷭰, ֲ, ЩǳΪʲôҪң
ǳɢ־, 飬޾ֹ
ӵãǳƵشһ
㣬ܽȥ𣿡
Ͷ·Զ̾ϢɢòС
һ˲Щɢڵǳۼ֪Ӻζĺɫñ˹ǳϷž£ǳγһ͡
ۿǴδй䵭ͻ룬ѹû߹ҡ
ͻһ󣬵ΪȺѡļ̳ޣԻѣ֮˽ʮʱ䣬ԭһμ̳˽飬һ䶼ûᡣ
ڵĵħͨ
ɫӲԴŭİ嫣ǵǳ˻ΣΣƽģ
ɫĶñǰŲףͰǿ˹âԼܿε١
Ű嫣΢΢ҡͷԽħţȻȥ𣿡
һ仰ͫ
ȷʵһͨʮֻܿһΣȥˣʮֻܻ֮СҲû취ںĹ°Ū
·Կͨ񣬴ȥ޻ء
һȥʮ֪꣬嫺ͽûʮʱ䣬οһ꼸ζȥ޻صǸܿŰ嫺ͽȥ
Ӳֻʵ
Ǻ嫵ǳţһɫǻأȥˡ
ĬƬ̣ǿڵȥħˡ
ȥ˾ܻ𣿣һʱûס
ǳɢ־ۣŶǿĻˣ㲻һ˺ԼͽǶõİ
Щ԰صһ仰
Ͱ嫲һ
ΪѾˣεԼ
иÿμ̳߳ʱħű뿪һΣ֤̳߲ٿݡ
Ͷû£ıҪýɹΡ
һγħţֻΪѰ

뿪ʱеΥɥ
ʲôƨ̳ˣһȺش˵䣿
еСè˶
ٷеĽͷȥ˫èӣˣ
ˡ
Сèеơ
˶٣ʣôˣ
嫳ĬƬ̣ѡ˼䡣
һλк󣬽üû˵
Ƶ˵˵ȥ̫ȻҲ
Ĭ̧֣ḧè
嫵ÿȥҲͿ죬ǵִʱ򣬰һλ
ֻڽһֻ˯СèԪȫ˱Լռ䣬ʼûûҹ
ԴӺͽǩԼûطҲû˷ݵ
嫽״̬èһ˻ص
ŵһӭüϲʤգŸչһ죬ٶȿ졣
ʧЦһͦ˳ģûô󡣡
ھᣬʱ䡣
ǰΪ·߱˵Ѿ˲ˣĴϢ᳤żҪ̤ˡ
˵ƽ٩ʲôϲĶҰϢ͸¶ȥƶܴ׬һˡ
ԣ룬Ż˯Сè޲ݡ

һġ
ֻǿЦ˭뻹ܵõ𰸡
ǰʱ󣬹Լϲռ޲´½̻Ứ˼ʮʱ˼ռָ޲һɨա
Ⱜˢˢ˵ʯټش˴һ۰βգһ¡
Ǵе𣿡ⰬǬ˫ֱϷʵǵ¼Ҳø޴ү͸񡣡
ⰬŵĸһۣĬĬһװ޲ݵĿռָЦ޴ү϶׼ˡ
ͬ鷢ڲͬļط֪׻үϲõļ̾ΪֹȻԼͽ˻˼ʯ޲ݡ
ڻü޲ݿ˳У٣Ļ
һţ֡
ǰһ죬򼸺ΪԵӵдɶ׬
ѽӭʱ򣬴˷ѾۼУֻĿʼ
л˵



132 
ǰϦ, غԼӭʱɵˡ
Щ, ھþӺ״Ӳ¶棬ظṳ̂һһ鶼Ǹ
£ʱɵ˻, ȴȫûмء
һֱͨϵڵ, ͵͵קһ°ڣ۷Ź⡪
Ǵ½ص˰
ɽûûεľ棬֪Щ½ڵìܡ
ӽؽ˽ݵʱ, ء
ѾĽ, ڴ½Ĵͳ֮£޷߷ɾ衣
ؿŲһĶţʵ˵ʮ/С
źۼĿһλʢѾõ΢΢üڶľʮָȤ
λ, ҲŵѾߵ, ˹ظؽܡ
΢ݣ, ʾ⣺ңá
صĳƺǶ, Ҳû, źҡ
, ЦúͰ,á
һһ, ͦƽЩ˵ķӿ
һĲûƣʱɵˡ
ʵ˵Ҳ½ֵĴڡ
ٿǿҲڴ½⽨ʮ꣬ŵ޼½ͳߵķꡣ
֮Ǳ½ƶżңҪ⡸ͳ䡣
䱸ܴʮ꣬źŲףҲ׿ϴ½ΪĴڡ
ͳ߽ڽڸһ·ãھٲάͷβա
ףε
źۼһʱɣλүӵЦǺǵģǿ֮صķˡ
λųʱǰλǰܵż档
Ѿջ˺ԿߣǰˣټЦ飬ľһʱǰ
ǰɵݡ
ָʶظȣЦݳףӦˡ
ʱɵֺǺǵźӣڣ骣常ΣҲʮδˡ
ɫЩ常Ѿָˣһ
ָ˾ͺðʱɵָмֻ漴ҡͷҲǸӣ걾Ӧ˲ҵġ
ڳˣҲֻĿ˵֪꣬˶ôľƸۣŻڹ͵һ
꣬صϢһݣȻ󻺻¡
ڳʱɡ⣬ʶһֻۣڵЩš
ڴʱ忪ʼ˸Źâ
һƼǸ«壬۾͵һѽʦ֣ˮ
񣬼Ǵ۰صˮˣһ̧ͷʱɴкҴ뿪ˡ
ߵ̫æֻȻ͵õӼڴЦݡ
ûôҵ̫ãһʹϢ
÷ǳۼҶݳʦѾˡ
Ϣһ˴ϲʱɸЦգ߼߱кˣ߰ɣۼҡ¼ҡǱߵҲ쵽ˣһ𡣡
ۼҺͳ¼һã֣غǵɫ
ںҵ鸴ӵúܣһʱ˵壬ԽظովûЩ飬ʱɻ֪ЩĴδš
ضѹֵ񣬽£ǰһߵʱ࣬˼䡣
ʱɲ΢٣ʲôҲû˵ֻͷӦˡ
ʾʱһȥ۰ء
ͷȻǰɵظʱ
ʱǰƺƵشһߣȥӭӼλҪΨ
ûû˵Сèضӡ
غòײѹ·ŭ𣬻ָƽһഽǣЦ㲻ȥӭͣ
Ц߽ǿͣҲǿ͡
ü΢һ˲
߰ɡתµǰߣǰԺ޼ٰ죬Ѿ˲ˣȴǹȥ
ʼ磬û˵ҲԽİţֻеЦ˼֡
ħޣĸĸڵѣǧ˿ƵϵںҼͻʱԥѡڡ
棬򵥵һ仰һֱΪͽͻĮҲЩ
һ·ԡ
ڽ˲䣬ֹʦ˵ۼǶݵʲô𣿡
صûУֻ˵ˣҪʱɳϺ͹ۼҵĳ֤
ۼң
Сèͷ̧Ӷ䣬ûֶ۰ص⡣
ٶȺܿ죬գ۾ǰԺҲľٰء޼
ŵ޼ضû˵ҲʱʱɺǲϿһţȻδŵ޼
޼ʱŻȻ
֮ǰʱ߿Ĵ͵ؾ޼
ʱʱŸ˵޼ʵһռ䣬ɵʱĴֿٵרռ䣬ֻܹʹãҲܱ֤ռ֮еľ԰ȫ
רռ¶ֻڴ˵û뵽Ȼʵڣֱʡ
ΪרռԣһḺάĵӶźŵϯӣλ츳ɡ
λ߹άĵӿ߼ӭĿƵŽߣ
΢΢ףȻ˵棬óһɫߴϡ
ӭλŵĵӣʱҲвɽգȻϵýڵߡ
һֺǺǵû˵
ŵĺĵǶݣǰҲڡ
ߣŻܵλڵĴһ𣬹ˡ
ڡ
һ߲ܿƵɨ򽭳ֻ˲ѹ¾ûҿˣֻǵͷת
ΪٵĿռ䣬úʹԪ󷨽ӹһ̶ĳУÿռܵлΪһ塣
˵޼оٰ죬ʵȥŰ뿪ŵǰԺ
ΨһһȴŴţĿһīɫжɵԲ
һһϸɳҶװεĿɽˮưʮһλռ˴֮һλá
ÿһελϵŲвͬʮһڱ䣬һڴ½߳ƵĴڡ
֮ĴĸٸλʱŲλˣ
˽ʱλ˶֮һĸΪ
ŵǰ͵εѾݴ½ųʼʱϵδĻͻ˳²λ
Ȼס
ŵӼΪڴԵһλ
һ˲ء
صЦɡ
㿴ŵӵҺڵĶλһɣԡڵ塣
ԣŵЩԥɵɨһضˣȻͷӦ¡
ܾԡ׽尲ŵλʮһͶһڵλϺŵ˳ȥѰ˳ӵ
ԭУŵڰʮɲɣԼ嵽
ۺ˸ţۺδ¶ĽݼȸԴҾȻѹš
ԭֽʱλõ붼û룬ֱŸҡ
һУŵֱϯλ
Ҹͦɢؾ۵Ĺؼһľ޷뿪ŽҲڣֻӷԨìܴһСλᡣ
ŵӵִϯλʱͨŽʢλϵߡ
ʱӷһȦվǰŵӣЩ¡
ŵӳӷ˹Ϊ½ʮλΪ᳡ڰʮһڣλ
ӷˣ
ˣ
ң
ڰʮλ
ôܣ
Ҳŵĸ𣿣
Ŷûϰʮһϯλ
Բ˵ɴۣΪԼ˴
ڷ·𰲾һ˲ֻ·ĽŲͬһʱ䣬Ѿߵ˻᳡ڣһȦȦΪ𾪶Ҳҵ
ʢŲסɫ˲ڡ
ƫΪ·ŵӷ·𿴲ڵ㣬ڽ䴦ŲϺŵλԣС˵ϣڴ
л˵



133 ˵Ȧ
š
ⲻС־, ˲ڳŵա
ʢŭףݺݵһǿڵĵӣкŭ
ʱ˵⻰, ˰ţ
ɵŵӲȻ롣
ͬһʱ䣬ǰӷȻ
·ŵֺǺǵ˵λ, λ
ӷƳһŭڵĽʢ, ˬȴԣӲŸ侲ǰߡ
ߵһ, ˻񣬿һۻǰߵ, ٿһǱŵӹѹԱ߾š
˾㶲ѣûͨзЩ飬ôɻܵǰȥ
ʱ򲻽ŭĲֹһң౻ѹ
λǻܽ, ϾѾ˼ʮĺ, һõλҲ˵ùȥ
Ϊʲôң
ƾʲô
ʢվ
ڵĻϯ, վɫѵλ, һ, ǰʲôҪûǴ, ʼò, ôͳ˵ʮˣĲ˵, ҿɻŵĸŶȲ𣿡
˵Żʢ߿
Ŀ⿴䵽ʢϣʱʼ˽
ԭѾ˼ӷͣ£˵ˣ·ŵüɨȥϳ˵˵ݣλʦ֣Ƕ𣿡
һǴ½һɣһλŲϵĽײɣŵӾֻźĵӣҲڵĴӡ
ڵӺͷһʶԼʦͳϣǶͷԴǵǵģ֪ʲôΪ׼ŽҲܺ档
һ仰ְѻⶪ˽ʢϡ
ŵӻŽʢ
˹ۺһؿʢͲˬɫЩָһȷʵܺ棬ҿŵĸ壬ôŵǰ档
԰ҲǸ𣿡
ǰò˼ڸҵúܣôŵôǰ
˰ɡ
Żںͽʢɣҵ˽𽥼ӴֵҲ˹ġ
˵ˣҲû̫ŪڵܶһţǾͺܿˣֻǿŵӣͬмɻ
ɣŵֻˣʣ˴ŸݵҶݵ
Ҷӷ붼û룬ֱӵ
ŵЦŵͷµңͬʱʧȥ˸ɵļӳɣ½
ÿ˵һ䣬ż˵ͺһ֣Բ죬ɴվ㵽һȥ⼸ͻȻ
ʢһô˵½Ҳֲǰȥɣҵû뵽ȻҲôˮ֣
⻰һ䣬ڳ˽˽ʢˣȻҵָš
ϣ仰ŵǶ˹ɫĮֱֱסʢ
ʢӣԽԽòԾһתͷסӷˣ֪ȣҶ⣬˽ˣֶΥ½ɾͲ̫˰ɡֶӡۻҪġ
΢Цҧݣ֮ŨңȴֱֱĴӷԨϡ
֮ǰķһ˵۾¶ǵ
вӷ˲Ȼ½ìֱǰһסԨݺݵ˻ȥ⻰͸šҪ
ֻŲһ룬·ŵӾü˽ŭɶ˶ԵκβȥѰһסҽҲۼӵܣ
ۼӵܡĸһջڲݵĪһ˲
ҵһϵ档
һȷ׽һʱͻ췭ظı仯ѪԵʦͽȹϵڣǸ˶һӷ
˼ȺŭѾõų̲סŴҲ۰ߣ
۰ۼҴ峤ҲŵĳϣѾû¶棬ҲӰŵĹϵ
ԣŵüͷ塣
˵ʱԶֵĵҩᡢͽ𹫻Լһ̻Ҵ׷˹
ҩ᳤̱ĮƵĻ໹߸߾һ˸ˮ
ҿһۣȻʢ䵭۰л˵
ʢŭһɨסȻɵüЩɡ
ĪӿĿֻӲԭأûǰһ
˿һˣٿʢȻ󿴿֪ͬʲôˡ
ʢԼǰߣϵˮ˸
ˮУ۰ɢþò鷳ԵƬ̣黹Ź··Ҳкˡ
ɤƮƮģŵקĲȻƵ˵һ仰
ҡӡޡ

ȫš
ĿɿڴһλһĻ
ʢһû˫ַŵص˸ˮ
ӻյû󣬻໹ޱ֣ˣҶڵ㡣֣۰صŴ˼Ц⣬߸ӦͷæҵļλСԴϢϵ
ҵļλСѡ
ӷգһۣЩɵĶһۣΪԼˡ
ڲʱһż˲Ѫ
ֹʢһԸļλϱͨ죬ѾѪ
ŻȵҩĴˣ滹Žҵߴ̻࣬Լͼ徻ˡ
ŵҿһۣȻǰ紦Ⱥҵ²ⰬǬޱջߣӴ̼ſڣϿҽõҲۼңۼң¼ҡؼҡ̻ᡢҩᡢᡢͽ𹫻ᡢšš
ʢס
˽ס
ڳв֪Թ߽ס
˶סͫײϷŴ󣬷·Ҫɳۿ
󹫻һ̻һ壿
ţ
ţ
¼ңۼң
˻عǶѾѵȥˣͻıˬ
ţ
¶һըŵӻ˷Լ̲ס﷭һ¡
֪ûûַֻ꣬˷˳ڱļ֣ÿһ಻ѡ
һҳ̫ҿټġڡ֡
ֵĺը£ûٸ˵
ոɵĻڵͻֲ̿ض㵽һԡ
ۼҾˣΪʲôг¼ңйۼңǿʥذ
ĴͳȻɣ
ʢƤѾ
ûϵģûҼɣ˫/ʼͽҸλп
һļž
û˸ɣ˿ʼҾȻֻǵʮǰʮĴڰ
Զضϲ裬ԼһƵ߶
˵ⰬǬ˴ԣǺڶ˴кض˻ͦͰҲ
ⰬǬΪִϷʵ㻹û˵ݣ
˵ˣǻûӦ
˵ҲۼҺͳ¼ôһ£Ϊǧºǣ
ǣȥĭĿ¶˼
ⰬǬͱŶˣ˵ۼҺͳ¼ңҲ档
õشⰬǬʮֲӵЦҲǣ̫ˣ˶ûʱһ¡
Ƴһ̧ۣ豭һڣȻĵֲˡ
ԣⰬǬڡһ֧Σվࡣ
һ԰ΰֵⰬһЦЦеֲǳȥӭǰˡ
ⰬǬ
˸ۣҳ彭ҲҳԱ߶סڶˣֻܺ޺޵صӰȻԼҵܴܵӵۡ
Ȼ䣬͵İ׹
ɫСèͣſȻ֧ƳһⰬǬ
СӰ߻䣬סⰬǬŽɿָĥ
ⰬǬʶ˸Ϊ½һͽ˴δʧֱֵΪϲߡ
͵һ³ȥԶԶֵͽ𹫻Ǳ̫ˣҹȥæ
۳һҲƵˣ嫲صغֵʶ࣡
Ȼ˵棬СèצӾס·һֱոձⰬǬ˵ļ֫뷢ʹĥ䣬һѰëë
ҧгݣѾ仵һ·ˡ
˦˦䣬ܣñ
ϰɣ㲻ޣǴ񡣡
嫵ֱۣóɱء
һһèȻȫⰬ֡ءǵˡ
ֻͣëԵСèⰬ¡
һƷغЦһȻ²豭˲裬ٳⰬգգۣ졣
ⰬĪ飬ᡣ
˽ػ񽭳յ˦β͡
Ƴһ£ȻʹŲߣȫûۿ
Դӽֻ̻èǺ·ʲôĴţĸļӶĹص˿Цȡ֪ʶҪҪܣýһȻһǲ˻ڡ
ڽҭƲߵʱСè𴽣¶һóѵЦݡ
˵ĶѾ˲ٹע˿Ϥߺ߾ࡣ
ⰬҿĥŴϷûʼǰҲζС
һۣºǰһӣóһ޲ݵݵСèǰ
Сè۾͵һ졣
أ
һʱûע⣬Сèֱ˻һ³˳ȥֱһ޲ݡ
СèĬĬⰬ֡
ⰬգգۣЦú޹
Բעߵ˶ʤ˾һ顪
˵ϲ޲ݣ
ģ
˴һ޲ݾҪ˳
ʱͥԺԶȻһ𶯣ݵĺглԼԼ
Ƿǲˣ°ܽãл˵



134 һη
ûƸ, 󲿷˴ˡ
˳ųֵķȥһìܵ˾Ȼʮˣʮ˶ͳһװ, Ȼͬһ
ͬһȻôˣ
Щ֡
Ǳߵʵչ죬ŸվûüѯΧ˽ʮ˱ֱӴ, ֵòɿ
Ӵ, Ǳ߻ֵͦġ˸ЦеǱߣѽ,мԪӤǿߣиڵ, ҪǴԺӹŵûٴ롣
ԣ²豭һֲۣı, ˳,һ۾ܿڵʵ㲻Ѿɽ˰ɣ
仰, һ
뷽跨һ©Цվ, ǰ濴ֵȺ, ˽ȥ
ü
ǵЦһҵ, Ѿһˡ
غ, װģȥĭ, սǵ׼ɣһ첻Զˡ
̯̯֣û˵
һⰬҿһۣȻһµ죬Ҳʲôû
սʲôս
Ⱜüӣʲôû
һߣѾȺŪ˴ܼ򵥵ײֵһ¡
Ǵе˴߹ԲΧ۵ȺֻѯһЩ˾һȫ˵˳
ǰ׼ңڽӸͦģһεļȱϵһȡȨҲոպôλרǰʮ
ظܣλλޣԭµһˣµһҲˣ˭Ҳ˭ײһǿǳ˼ۺ찡
˵ֱ̾ʵƵĳͻѾ˺ܶΣʹӽʱڣͳ˲ʮ𣬲֮ǰСͻûִˡ
гͻĸԴΪˣĪͻϵȨߡ
ڽŪԭʱǶŵ˫ֱӴ֡
쵰ս֮бһŭȡ
һ˵˺ڵף顣
ɲǼ䣬뿪ŵԺﲼ˸ֹâ𵤡ԪӤվڶ˵Ļǿ߶˺ʹ
ջ˳͵ˣֵĺˣЩ¡
һգۣһȦ˶ˣ½Űɫͻأվ
顪
ǿߴɱ䣬һ˵˺ݺڵϡ
Ѿˣȴ˷һһһʹѪ
˵˵࣬΢΢һ£٣Ȼͷһᣬ޷Ӧˡ
е˵ȥ̽һˣ
üͷ壬˦һű¡
ҩ䵽УѾԭʧ

˷ӦŸջе˳˻սȦС
Ŀ֮£̧һӣᣬƾջĵطȾ˼˪⡣
ɳ֮ǰδй̬һ˲Ȼȳס֣
һǳ⣬Ǳɫĳ˲һΪߣ޷׽ٶֱֱڴɱߡ
Χ۵ʶסǱʱ̲ס̧۾ΪԼˣⳤôͻȻͳ嵽ͷˣ
ַɳ˫ֲͣ仯ƣٿ߰ѳķз
߰ѳѷսһ嵽ߵȻתϷɣѽ·ͷһ㶨ס
ͷȴ֪޾ڲͣĹԷ˫졣
ѳͳһ˵ͷǳϻİ˪ëȻ
˾һЩͷ˲žֵķӦǺ֪֣ͣ㶵ؿԼĶ֣ٿλǺ쵽Ѫߡ
˵Ķͣͣ͵ʱ򣬽һơ
ŭ߰ѳͬʱըɢİɫâ˪䣬˵ϡ
ϵİ˪࣬Ҫ˪ѩһ㡣
˴㶵ؿ˪ﻺҡͷеĺɫ/ȥһ
߻ЩͣҿһȦԼΧһƬǽ壬ٿǼڵѪмʱƵ͵ǡʲô
һڵϵؿڣ𽥻ָѺʰԼ̧۾һҵĿߣ壬ҲȨʹɱ֣ﻹд½Ĺ򣬻Ĺ𣿣
Žոһ֣Ժ˰úܣһŽı飬һߣбٶЩ֡
ˡ
ողǱߴô˵ôʮġ
ɻؿ˹ĻйһȦŷӦʲô
ԼҲĵǣŵҡҡͷʶôᡪ
ô˿ţ㻹Ʊ𣡡
ؿڲΡΡվָָߣ˵һֵһ£Ҫ߶ڳϣߵ㿴С骣ٿ֣˵ģҪǰ׽ߵĵҩС骾ûˣ
Сһʼ˵ڽǰˣóһö弶ҩűסС骵
ټĳֻһ˵ָ˶ָһ飬߻㱵ֱ򽭳ߵ׽ߣҪ֣ǿɾͶûˣ
꽫еע˹޲ĿȴǹŹֵߣżŭ
ȫû̬ȣֻһĿߣҪȫעп޵ʱɳΪֹ
ӳüˡ
˷׷׿
ȻֹҧŴʵߡҪΪ
ǳЦһ£ϧЦ۵ףż䣬֪ҸոһǺã
죬˵ʱ뵽ʲô˫΢ؽסû˵
ʱȫѣΡΡǰһϢƽŭͰˡ
ɨһǲ˵꣬жʱѪ̣򽭳߸ոգΪƳĳֻþ
Ǹ̤뻯ڵǿߣ͵λǿҲûҪЩ򽭳ķڷȫȻ
ڳҲʶߵģ֪Щ¡
˵˵һ򽭳и˼ִ
λԼߵʵݸ˿־塣
ѾŪ˸ոշ飬ҲҴţոһΪҵıԼڶʽ졣
һй˼壬Ƴþơոһʱ䣬ǰߵЩˣˡ
⻰һȫȻ
ҴһȻڵٿԲµƲߵ꣬Ŀ¶ζ
˼Ȼܰ㵽ǿߣµ˿Ҳûô򵥰
Ȼˣ
ߺһͣ漴ѹ޿ѹķŭ˫ǵжʱһĨ⣬ݺݵԱһ²ؼꡣ
˲᲻صضţһˣҲڸǲɱǵ˼壬㣬Ŀ
תߣη塣
ЦˣĿ棬ɴȻˣǱһΣǸΪ£
Ŀһû˵
Щ߻˵ĵҲѾۼվţˣԪӤڣڡ
û˵ߵɫԽԽ䣬򽭳мл߳ȻϷҲ˵ˣ
΢΢ҡͷûߣֻǿǲ˵꣬Լͷӣɫ
ͬһʱ䣬ЩڿƯŻİ˪Ѹپ£һ׹еİ˪è
ڴҵĲ£һֻë׵İɫСèڿշҵļһ˵ꡣ
Ŀһݣֻüһ嫡
ٶ̫죬û취ֹæüǰ
Сèһڽǰ¶צӣͻȥһצѪۣӡϡ
ʹжĿ졣
͵ʹֱֱȥʹ
ٳɻԲýŭ˵˭ĿܿƷ
һ䣬ͻצץһ£̶̼˲䣬˫צӾͰץòѪۡ
ֻʹ຿Уû˿
վĸҲ޷Ӧؿŵ棬·ڷһж޹ϵ
Į顣
˲˽ʱ򣬽Ѿϵ˱ֳһѱסչİɫСèǿֹ˰嫵йΪ
ĶֻڻСèȻһ
⡭ޣ
޳ɣôޡ
ǣ޳ôǿĹ㿴ˣôҲǸԪӤǿߣֻСèѹơ
ܰɣСèҳ㶼ץһֻ
۲ݣ𽥷Ŵ
ҲѾ˻תͷԱ߿һצ
ô˵ڶСè״ǷצȷʵмˣǿɿɰСè
죬޵ĺͲ޵ˣĬˡ
ֳĪԶ罭ʢ˶˹㶵ؿǱ׽ڻСè
˿ѹִ˵ϲ޲ݡѹְ
ով˿Ⱜָ׽޲ݣǻ˵޳ţԭϲ԰
⻰һﾪˣԱΧ۵˲伤ҿһۣĿ¶裬ƺԼϵ޲ݹ
ۿЩ˿ʼƣ켣еĽʢмһЦ漴Ⱥ֮бèˣĿ¶
ԼֻһоƷôԪӤлǿߣɼʵ֮ǿʢ
ܺ˴ùϵõŵڵ𣿣

֮ķչҲõˣ˵źһһȻ
ʢԽԽ̲סĦŴǰԿ׵Ŀռָ޷Ƶ
˼ˣɨǶλҼˣиոЩƵŵǣп⽥ԽԽ졣
ٵ⼸죡
ʱǡýһһҿͷϴ
ʢݺסָЦݽŤ
Ⱥȵߺ󣬽˼̧ͷƳƿԼĽʢ
̧צӣһӵǿܵĳζһЩΪǵļһ
һЩȺļһ
һ󣬽еСèʧ
ûˣɿģվڽߣȻǸٵ꣬õ˵˭
ޱȣü۴ɱ⡣
һ£ʹӲ˸߶µģźϺϣӲһ仰Ҳ˵
ոСèӵצƮƮʵǰ嫵ıԴ֮ÿһǿߵ깥
˵˵Ǻһ¶ʹ
һ֪Լոŭ̫ʱû顣
ĥĥ޷йĻһ¾תƵԱΧһȦһȦϡ
ǰò޵Ŀ꣬Ŀۺɱ⣬ţЩõöͷһæջظոĲɡ
Ծޣ
һۣǾ͸оԼһ£󺧲ѣͷӡ
ʱȥӭ۰صʱɡǼڻˡ
һ˵Ц˽ЦԶԶ˲ͥԺŵĳĬ
סQǰ濪·һ۾ͿԶǽľŲһ٣𾪵ô£ʦ֣ҳӣ
ͷʦֿ
һֱǰΧ۵ĵӣͺ󲿶ӻŽ׵ľ룬̧к
Լʦǵ࣬Ǻ۰ɣѭ̧ͷԶһ΢΢üʱɵˣȥһ¡
ǰڰ֣ȥɡ
첽뿪ѯʣͬһ㿴ǰΣüһͬͥԺ
ԺУ嫰һȦӲԱΧ۵˵ɢȥµˡ
嫶óָϣȻס°ͣƵûĻҲѧֻһԵĲιȥˣʧЧˣҲʲ
˵ţͷվԱüͷߣսɹһˣ
ɫأͷǵģаҫ֮ǰһ츳ϲĵӣʧ˼£ʹҷ
ǵλ𣿡
ϴ½ǰʮôǷ
߿Цҡͷ̾һսδѣȫҩţ
üҪʲôҩ𣿡

ѿڶڽͰɻпЦѣǱ߻嵼ˡ
߻𡭡
ѹ֡
Ȼ
ʱæûôƵҩƵǱߵľмУЩҪ˿Ѱá
˼ˣֻ̧ӳöװ͸ĵҩƿУݸ
ĿһͣѾ˴˵ҲЩûӦǸСƿӣɲֱӸ𣿡
Եͷг۳ɽͺˣ㲻Ҫ𣿳߻Ͼ˻⣬ǵѪҩٷá
ԣæӹƿ񻤱һǻѣлߣҵҪҰ׼Ҷ
һɫݸ
һ壬Ϸʵ򽭳
治ɫ¡
СټһסӲ١
־öҩԱߵԶ壬󵨲²˴Ӳ٣һ£ҲµȫԼŵùǺ
ǾĴˣ̧־öһöɶǼƷʯ۰
ȻֻҩʤⵤҩǿʵԸߣټϡ׽ĺУҩĶΪ˽ⶾΪ˵ұˡ
ڰ׽һ־öұ˿ۺ졣
ЩƻĿ⣬æסеĵҩصˡ
úЦƽϢҲʲʲôˣֻһԵŵһʰо֡
ǡʱɷҲƵĳ˽ʹֻ۾Ҫɵȥˣʲôǳȥһ˼Ҿûˣ
ͭƵĴ۾ˢһ¶ڽϣȻգգżֳɣԥԥʣ㡪ɵģ
ޱ飺ҡ
ԱŲһÿ׼ڵϻԵİҫ
һԵŵæǰ˵
ɻתŭȺ쵰ڱ󵷹
ɣӺʱֹڵŭ
һͣĵرϡ
򽭳Ͱ嫵ͷʾ⣬ȻкһԴĵӵʰһ°ɣµĳУˡ
ŵӼжһ㽫Ժҵΰʰȫ
򽭳֣Ц۰ǰǰˣۼԼ¼ҲˣҪ𣿡
ĴѾңΨԦʧû
ԣһǣ嫵һֻ־塣
嫸ںСܳţܱߣǲǾļ׼ң
뵽ĪЩС
л˵

ѽ


135 ׼ҵϿ
֪ԺǷЩ, ۰صصطߵĲֱٴγӭʱŻָٶȡ
һУۼ۰, г¼ۼҵĶλϣǵҩ绪ˡ
ʱϵȺпǧµӰ
ǧǵһֽˣԼҳϣ, ˡ
ȺС׳ͷ۾΢, żζǰ׷ͯգһȥȹǧ»Щ
ü, ʶͷϿ۵,㲻˺𣿡
ͷڴ˵ˣȻǹۼҵĳϡ
ѹʵɲ⣡
ЦһĿɲֹǧλơ
ѭȥüͷһ
ͬλ, ׷Բ¶, Ӳʣ۽봽ߵ, ·磬˿̬
ߡ
ǵʱǱ˹ߺɽȺˡ
˼ػ, ϸϸ˼һ, Ⱥϵķȷʵܶϡ¡֡
嫺غȻǳ¼ҵ, ʱôû˿
̯֣ǵʱֿѺ, û浹Ҳ
嫺ͽһһĶԻ, ɼѾ۰صǰ
۰أٶ뷨˲ʧѣʦ
۰һһȣЦǺǵسȺӭϽľ֨죬ת۾ߵ˽ǰ
ŽĿ¶п۰صͽܡ
ЦͣסŲڲסļϲ
۰һۣٿü۷ѵ꣬üλԼߣ
ʱڵҩ뽭ҴҼһ棬ֻ˽˴ţ޻èרŶģڲǵһμ嫵̬
۰Ŀ棬˿η嫵ݣϸżӡ
Ǹȥһڡ
嫽ԭأ׻үһαජôǱҶǻڵʵޣ
죬͵һ۽õЦı󣬱죬۰صĶ¶Ҷ
Ȱ嫻ëֱﲻסʱ۰زŻջߣشк׻ߣ
ʱ嫺ͽֻԪӤ۰ǻס
۰ǻף嫺ͽһһ۷壬۰ȻҪϾС
Ƥһ飬ȡæʦá
һʦûͱ۰߱˻ȥ
Цָ̧֣šڰ嫵ϡ
ɫ΢䣬ס
Ƽ˵С۰غЦһƵĸ˵˸ͽܣǲǾλ׻ߣ

ԣʱΪڸݣʱʦͽơһס嫵װͰ͵£µ
ָڰϡ
죬ʶȤصͷˡ
۰ۺЦ⣬Ϸʵǰ׻߸ոյĳƺɾʹˣûʦŶԡ

嫵ɴۣͷס
Ʈһ£û쿴أǲ嫡
ҧҧίػʦ桪
á۰΢ЦЦա
嫱죬̧ͷ˵һָ㸡ǰ
ǣ
嫲̧۰Цеߡ
˶ʱЩڵŲۣ̫Ϻϡ
ϺֻЦЦ۸ͽܶû˼иͽϱܵһһֲС
ָǰԴüͬߡ
ҲǾɲԼʦ𣬡ʦ
۰ֻЦǺǵؿڶ԰嫵׻ߣۼӵ֮ܳʱһöݵĽָƾԳۼңָһʽֻһֻۼӵд
ʱߵüֻüһöָصۼҲŽڶöɣһĿҲΪ˽ԵĽָ͸
¶ţԽ۾ɵԽ
ѵ
ȴȣ̧־ҪѸڿнָߡ
Ѹٻ񣬿콭һõָϲЦտҪֵȥ
硣
Žָ˵İһתѸٽָԼĴ洢ռ䣬µһ뽭硣
򽭳
ϵЦʤ⻶ϲ
Ӧ£Ȼˢɨ嫣д
嫵˵ִкٺЦʦ̣þò
Ƴ
մڻʹ֪е飬ڿŰ嫶ٴżӡ
ȡһǰѰЦ˵ʦȽȥɡ
Žɫ㻺º͵ȥ֮ǰϸˣ
һɻظǰ
۰ǰ棬ŽͰ嫣صǸոĴ󲿶ӡ
󲿶ȷʵЩ࣬λߣʶ
λǹۼҵĶϣɽǿߡ۰վڵһλС׳߸ǰż𾴡
ЦֺǺǵģС۾г˷죬˲ſͷ죬ɢŵ
͵ۣȻջߣ֣۳ϡ
۳ЦݸȽ˽ͷվţȴ˿ƣͶ㶼޵ѹ
ѹء
һü΢
İ嫼ͦͦüëɣڴ½һǿѹ£ȴû˿Ӧֻ˫׵Ľɫƺ˶ϵĽɫ֡
ŵüĿĽڿһ԰°ͽ˸İ嫣̾һֻп
ѹ۳յøպãԱߵ˶֪ڸʲôȴ˿ҲܲѹĴڡ
΢΢üǵǣֻ۽
۰Цδ䣬ͬ۳ϵĿ顣
һĬʮֹͣ۳ϺĶš
ԶԶ¾ãվһ͡
ֻдѹ֮µĽ֪ʲô۳ϸĿ˿骵ʱĳ̶ȡ
ЦһոջŹֵƣڸɴ໺ֱͦһһ۳϶ӣ֮ͣ⡣
ŵػ¶˿۳۽ǵЩкЦԽ⡣
ڣϼСɽжȥһ룬ܿԼ֫ͺ
۳ףﻮһĨСһǲҪ۷壿
ǻ۷壬ǻף׽˶֪ʵ۳⻰ʵôһ㶡
Ҳס漴Цŵͷǣ뿨۷塣
ϣ۳ϹһЦż͵ȻˣʣµѹϷͲˣҹвٺô
ԣɵһȻȼľģϵЦݸ˼֣лǰ
һ棬ӣȴӲ
ٶһһĶԻ䣬ҲͬȼʱˣŽĿ¶ޣ̾ҲСսöɽǿߵѹˡ
ʱɸ˽͵ڳ񼶳ɹǾǰ벽񼶡Ͱһһɽߣֻ޼ݵˡСһֱӳ벽񼶣ϵԪѹͻ
ֻ˵
˻ȻͬĿ·ڿһ̬Ҳֻ䡣
һҲ׷Ĳˡ
˶ָµĹؽڹǶ·˿סһ¾ǵʹʹǻ˵ѰǱɽǿߵѹһʱãʱ𽥼ӳͰ嫾Խܣһ¶϶ɽ
嫷³һ֣Ƕɽǿ֮ǰƿǵʱûôܣ
ǿһЦתԪ
죬ʵˡ
ͬɽѹ£ͬʱתԪԪϼѹͻƣԼ࣬Ѱһ˿㴭Ļᡣ
һãǷϰˣҲϰԪϼת¡
ȫļӱѵ˼Խ硣
ҶŽͰ嫿˽һʱ󣬵ȼ˰͸ɫѪɫ˽˿¶΢Ц
ͲѣֱƵСӣӹӲ
ۣǵһκϣƣ̧ͷЦȴʮɣϣѹǰɡ
ԽһЦֵúϲ£죬ӦʣǣЧʧ˼ǵҲѹ
صͷЦţлϣ
Ҳۣ׽ɫƣӦƲƲ죬̾Ҿֻˣ
ɨһۣЦ
ֱˡ
ſȥжĶתһ¼ҳϵķ򣬸˽ܣλǳ¼ҳϣҲǴȼߵʦʦ
ʦ
һ/𵤣ļԪӤ弶

Ȼǻʦ
ͫ΢֣³ϡ
¼ҳһգһָڶɷǵơ
򽭳Ⱥ͵ϴһһûüлϷǷһ
⻰һüһ
ƻʦǿǾѴ棡ȻôӦһȥ
üĶɽѹҲסЦֺǺǵ˵ոˡ
Ƴ
嫴ֵر졣
߰ɣҶһ⣬¶ˣĺϷɾҪʼˡʱӣ·Ц۵ס
ͰжЩŲ档
ǻһȦۼ¼ۼΨ
أɻ󿪿ڡ
֣˶ɫ
۰ǰЦһҰڸ׼һϷء
ʱɫ䣬ͷ򽭳ˣżֺݣȲ˵ۼң˵ţ죬ҿҪúŻ
л˵



136 Ż
š
Ż
Ϊһֱлȹ, Ȼ֪ʱʲô˼
ҿһȦûпӰ
ʱҪգͲô̼ˡ
ôľĵ, Ѫȴ³ǼλϵĲܣɴͲˡ
Ȼ
Ҳûже, ʱɾߡ
Ὺʼ֮ǰ, ͥԺŵۼҡ¼ҶλŲһ
¼ҳϳڰ֣Ƚȥ, ͷɡ
ۼҳҲͬǧ¡
˵ǧ±Ծ˿, Цģúúãضø϶λȳɣӿ
ۼҳϵһ۹ǧ, Ц֪Ȥͷ, ȥ
ǧֺǺǵسˣ;, һϵࡣ
Ͱƫͷס, ٴŰԹ
޹Ҳλȥżλ, ʱûϳ
ʱɽҲƳһ, ֻ, ǳϵ, ¡
嫺
ջߣǿĻ
ҪһʲôϷǧһۣʡ
ЦǾ֪ˣˣأ
ᵽңǧĵ˲䰵ʧˡ
ʧתͷڹϵѹ£˵ÿһ䶼ĥԼ޽Ѿ˺
ǧֵ̯ҺͶصȥһ⣬ǼһҲûСŶûˣǿһҩģ²¿ʲô
һݣǲݣ
һͷˮУǧ´˸ָʮֻ죬¶ˡ
Ȼۣٷ֮/ʮĿԿԸҶˡ
ǧҪ˵黹ԶֹˣǰҴҶеʱɵˣۼǱĶݣոҶʱɳϰǰʵˣЧϡ
ʲôЧ嫡˷׷
ǧЦݸ˼ֻ֣Ц۵ףżµı䣬ߴЩݣӵеԪͻᱻݳԪţЩԪſԱκգǰٷ֮ٵա
ʯ֮ݣǱ߻ʧЩĵرԪͬģɹκգٷ֮ġ
һкذüû˵
ֻнͰ嫵ɫֱ䣬˶һۣЩʵǴ
ڣǲݣƵͻȻҵĸħ֯ۼҶݣʧٵҡ
оͲһڣԵǰѵħԿףȥˡ
͹ǧ¶ֻ֪һ飬˵Ҳֻнܽе鴮
˵󣬹ǧ±Цݣ뿪
ĬĬһ۽ȻȥȺİˡ
˶ǰòˣͷ죬ҪȫҸĹǽɾֺˡ
ü¾ȫ˵һץס嫵ҧǰܣܵˣȻǶ¶ǻҵġ
۰֪ڡҺ͵ħŵ飬ź½ʡ
ʱϵһУһ֪
˾͸˵ˡ
ֻͷۣʱɺ۰ȥͥԺŻҲ֪鲻ȥˡ
ţɴԪȥµѹɱڡ
죬Ȼε֮ϣӲͷƤ嵽ࡣ
˹һԻʱɵѾͥԺŵʰٶȼ죬ոĵطѾˡ
ʱ¶һɲǣͻ¼ȫʧһضü
ֱĿλ˳Ĭʱϡ
Ҳ½½վһʱɣļˣ䵽۰ء۳ϡ³ʱһ
ϳ˵ĵλֺǺǵĿ¶ʱɽλذݡ
λϵǿ½½һĳˣʶһ
ӭϪףʱϵ䵭ҲͣɨһȦЦȺϼһҲóˣ
㶼ˣǻʲô˼ǾΥˡһλǿЦſ˳䵽ʱɺ󷽣̽Ե⼸λһ𣿡
ʱƲ㣬ֺǺǵزȥóԼӰνܵλۼҵ۰ߣλǳ¼ҳϣһλǹۼҳϡ
۰Բ³ϵЦ۳ʤֻģ́ЩԼϵ߾˻ȥ
ԣЩԴǿĿ˸ֽ̽ԭǿż֡
Уֻ۰ߴ½׷¼Һ͹ۼҵĳϸֻҪһϣЩһ
ǽⳡߣĵἴʼ
Ľ̤ͥԺŵ̴Լʾ£رԺš
ѵ
ͥԺų׹رգſӰȻ
˿ٻصԭλϣɵ˽İţۼҡ¼ҡ̻ᡢҩᡢͽ𹫻ᡢȼ뽭õڵࡣ
˶λϵ˼æƹһ۾ͿбԽǴߵ꣬Цݶʱڴ˻
̧͸߿ǣ΢΢ס
ӷøֱˣЦ档
˽ѾλվԲȦλмĿյأһһУ˫ֵסƺʮ
¡һֻõ濪ʼʲô¡¡غ£ˡ
ʵǿʶſڣȻſڵŵǶʧˡ
ڴҾɲ£ʱŲǰӹǵơ
̧һȦȻʱ䣬½Ϸ̫飬ҡһңҲìСϲʲôҳ󲻿л˵¾һῪʼ֮ǰһҪҰһ֤
ϡʱɵǴ
ʱһ䣬һֱں󷽵ֱѻԵ˶ʱࡣ
ų̋ˣ˻Ȼͬλϵֺ̻ڣ֡
ʱɵɨһȦ߶Ǿɲ̻ϣռѾǿҲᱻһ󣬵ҽ½ˣԻ򿪿ռ䣬԰ꡣ
һ겻ȺŻɻĿһ̨ϻԵӣٿһ··𱻶λϲ֪żˡ
һʱ䲻֪ʱȻô˵棬ŵ
ͬԣˣֻٲϳˡ
ǲɢǱߵ𣿽ʲô
ɢΪʲô⣿
ǡ⵽ʲô¶첻𣿡
Թ²˷ʱɵ棬ҶҴ˵ѹüͣСһҲ˵سܡ
ʱɷ·û𽥼Ӵ̧һӣڶɽǿߵԪֱӴԵĶڣǻһ
ӣʱһԪεȫҳ
ʶüһۼⰬ֡ⰬǬЩʵϵ͵¶ܣϵػӳԼԪԱһȦʵڵ˻ס
öܣɼʱһ˶ŭ⡣
ˣͽֹɽǿ߷ˣҪ
ڳ˲ʵߵͽԱʱɵһ΢֮࣬еĽ䱸֮Ũ˼֡
Ƕɽǿߵʵ
Ҫʱ˼ִ⣬Щ˶Ҫûˣ
ʱɲôģֻ˶̨ʹתѵĶˡ
ʱżԺϢʱʱɴΣǿдڱͻȻѣʶ֧ӡ
Ӿ͸еӴͻȻһʹ·˶ס˺ѣһ仰Ҳ˵
ʱɵԪѾ˾ƣסӵĺݵԼϡ
һԹ˫һؾҪվ
̻˸ϽסСү侲ضʱɳǸˣٵһ
ſҡ
űסһá
ǵĶСʱɵƳ̻Ǳߣޱ飬ȻԼϹӣˣ
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ʹź촽ڱʱסֻܱӣĿ¶־ɪ촽ŬźϺҪ˵޼¡
ʱЦһ˾ͺãǾͺú˵
˵˭ǲݣ˭Ŀܿ˭ĵӿ
˭ĵӸٿţ
˵
һһԪһּŭӶ䷢飬ʶźϺϣĿɢҡ
ʱɱԼӡ
ƴ¶ʹ࣬ȴһ仰Ҳ
˵ǰɡ
ʱ䣬һӣֱӽӶһԡ
صҵҵһ顣
һǷ׷׵ɴۣʶԼڼ֤һ顣
ﰥ
ĳŰɣ
ҲʱɸֱӰͱ
ĿŻ¶̫̼ˣҪǿλһȺȺ˻룬Ա߽߱ŵһЩܵĳ嶯ˡ
Ŀɪ˵ʱҲñֱתһٵ
ʱɨ˸£ǿǿһ΢Цʱʱҡ
ʱɲϻɴϵȻ˵Ǿ˵˭ǲݣ˭㰵˭㱳ָʹһУ
ͬڱӵǰѹȣһһ·Ҫڳ
֣һԼͬջһɵߣĬ򽭳
Ҳһͷˮյ˵ѯʺ˫һ̯ʾԼʲô֪
ʱɵıʣĴңƱҲ֪
ϣʱúϻٴκˡ
ٶȼȰ֣Ȼˣ߹ֻǱϴЩκͣ½Ųʱ˰βȶ
ˣͫһ촽䶯һ¡
ǣ𣿡ͬΪɢ庬ƲǰĳЦſڡ
վ࣬һԲɫĮ
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137 
ࡢ庬ͬ, ɢ޴򽻵ⰬǬüͬ򽭳Ŀ¶ѯʡ
Ĳ֪, ҡ
˺ɿǲš
ȻĪԺ庬Ȳԣ˼ȥ, ֱȥѰ, ˽²һٺֱȥѰʱɣ˵
ʱʱɻڰų, ȫ庬Ļ
ó, һѰʱ;
ȷǶʱģӳȥʱǱԺӣѰǲݵĲ
ŴȻ㹫˵ּ, 㽫һйƸ庬
庬⹦, Ҳ˽Ҵ֮Σգͬʱǽ׳֦, ˺ԥӦ¡
ɢŶӴر񶯵Ĵ½, ɢ޾һŶʱըʱ, Ҫ£ɢ, һ, ֱӴɹʶ
ʼĩֻʱ֪, ûȻ벻⣬ǰһѮģ
Ŀһû˵
庬ЦһʣѮ̻ٻ棬漴вɽ档һͬǰţһ·ϣҪӴʧˣһγɹǰܣһνӴĻᡣ
ҵʱ;֣鷳Ψֱ֮ôǰλìܣü¼ˮ¼ȫ̡
ԣ㻹ҪҼ˵ȥ𣿡
ϳǿ¼ˮĸ֡
ɫͱ䣬æͷͼڵԼı顣
飬˿
΢΢ڻǰһμ䣬йء
ֱƽ֤ȷ䣬ȥҲûκãˣܴӿ
Ŀһҧҧû˵
ӲԵ̬ʵ庬ˣ׼ȡǿӲʩʱվʱϣ԰ɡ
ʱ΢΢ü
ǰġ׽ǻе˼
ûʲô˼ֻ֮֮ˡ
һɪɪֱӣ϶µĸ㽫ôʱ䣬Ӧ֪ǲݵðɡ
Ǳƿߣͷ棬ش
ЦһӣǿԼ˵ǲݣҲ֪ԵƷҵ¯һ𣿡
ɫͱ䡣
ʵټ򵥵㣬ҲҪ¯ڣֱӰǶϾ͹ˣǷζûĶڵĳɹֻҪһʱ䡣
𣿡
СոպΧһȦӺ
ǲݵ£Ҷ¶Ź֣࣬׻ʲôûеģ
ǲݰ˻ŴֺõǲȻһѾó
ͬľɲóôǲݣ׽Ŀڵȥġ
һֱ˵Ҳٵȣ̧־ҪǶֱ˵ؽ¡
ڴʱͻȻ壬ɤڣ˵
ͣ¶Ҿ
ͷվԼǰһȦˣʹһѵǣڡ
ڡһüʱɡ
ʱޱ֪
֪˼Ӳ֪ڽҲˡ
һ۰ءֱֱסӣ˵
֪/˶ʶءǶλһȺ˶ſضȵ޲һ仰û˵
˼Լһ裬վĿ⡣
ջߣϸϸסӣһЦȻڣ˵˵Ǳưѣڣµ
ʱɵԪѹϣʹ÷û⻰е˼еĻֱһ˦˳
£ڶҸɵģҸ¶/ٿţҲҶ
һ˵Ȼ̱ȥ
¶ζô˵кڶҼ棿ʲôӣƽôϵ
ʱ骺ѹû˵磬޶Եģ˵Ҳǰ١
ʶģжϾƫǱߡ
Ļٴ˼űˮ
ӵʣȷƭǣ֪³ġ
嶶һ£ȻҧͷбҪƭ𣿡
ǿ˵΢΢ֵ˳һ£еڶңɾء
⻰һӳ׽ס϶ʱ෢ϣһ᲻ֱӱ㣬㶲ҵģһ£տ־岻ѵӣתͷ󷽻ƷأЦġ
Žһ仰͸Լ鷳Ƶط²ߣȻһ̾Ҿʵʵ˵ˣֱӿһλǿߵǲҲ䵽ز̫ǿ
˵̧ЦֱֱײУȴŵ鴤æͷһоͷ󺹡
ӵķӦؾ۵ףĬغӵ
٩㵽ûиǲݣ׼
ˡ΢΢һЦȻӭ˷Ĵеֱ˾ǸˣûûҶϸˣҪҪٳһҸ٣Լӱ˶أ
ػЦݻʧĴ˲˱ΪڷųȥľͿ޼ɵһ˵֪𣿡
һһȺģ߽㴦һ˫īɫͫйâתԼԼż⡣
üʱע⵽ص۾
΢΢üֵСӣ骵ͬѪ
ʲô˼ʡ
˰Цеһ壬ƻģߵȻʯСڵѪŨƻĵĹܣùҲֻ˵ʱɾ裬¶ԣЧӦòզء
˵ֻ˵лҪѪȲߣǰĹƻЧãֻӷɾˡ
˶ͫ׵䣬ûӦֻͬһ׵ǰǿԼӡ
˸ߺһЦĩһ³һĩһ´
Ƶر˽ʮڷΧÿ˵һӾͲһ¡
˵غǰҪЩӣģЩأ
ͫ׻ַ̿ӳ׶⡣
Ȼˣǰֱۡӵȼ𣬺ʪ˿ŶׯǱûУûУҡ
ر΢ЦĶ̧һ½ϲڵĻҳЦ˵㣬˭أ
ӻѿڶңң
Ҷһ͵ֹͣ˲·𴥷ʲôһ㣬˹ȥ
֣ͷҿԻȥ𣿡
Ƴһۣȥ֮ǰ˵Щ֤ݸҡ
û⡣ˬһЦˣǣļ¼ˮǡ
̱ĵˣȫȸؿߵİ׽ԼͬһЦڵĵء
䡣
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138 ޼
ؼ²Ϊʱ, ֪ӵǾѾѶ׼ˣʮƽȻؽŵǰϣŽҪ
, ޱ飬̧һӣɫ͸ļ¼ˮ䵽˽С
䵭Ƿֺм¼ûˡ
΢, żЦл
Ȼ˳ֽ¼ˮݸʱ,ʱϣͽˡ
Ҫؿ˵¶ʱɻ֪ԭҲŵ⡣
ʱ治ɫؽӹˮ, ʱĿȴѾЩɬһ²ؼ, 
ͬһʱ䣬̻õڱ
ۼǼԼҴ綥ļ¼ˮ޿̣͵վԽŭĿӣУ
, ôɽ
̻Ҳǹ, ӳˣ̻ỹˣһʱ̥, ģûץס, ˡ
Ѿò, òײ, ͻȻ, ̲ס, ǲԼ
ŸһɫûУɵӲȫûֹЩ¡
ӭȫߣЦһ˵˵ȥҲԸҸ磬ЩҸûйҲпͰɣڳһλ֪ʲôԣƫƫˣҪֺð׽𣡡
ҲװӵĿֱֱ򽭳ŲŭԼ۵ײϷڵļʡ
ƾʲôƾʲôеĺö˰׽
һ仰ܷ̻зչ
ӵðһߣ΢Щɻ
֮ǰкŽ
ʱɵͻͷϹñ˵һҪǶͱˡ
ʱɷ쭣Ӧ̻˰вá
æǰֹţۼ̨ϼλɫ̫ã̻һ˸ɴ̧£Ρ
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ջߣȫûаŵĽţڶڸȤ
Ҫһ⣬ǻ֪ھȻﶢϹɡ
ţӣпƷ裬һںۣʮõӡ
ǰһżغǵߣ˳ڳѾը˼һᣬҵļλûе𣿡
⻰תƵøӲʱһۣˮ˵ĪʧˣҴɽһ˲ʣ
ԣȫȻ
ûʲô£Ϊʲôʧأ
¿ʼ˽˭Ҳû뵽һΪ˽½ᣬȻһͶһ
Ϊ½Ȼ֮һĸˣʱȻҲ뱳˸ⶨͷأҵģ¼ˮɷ򿪣
ؾ˾ٱЦ˵⡣
Ӧֻ̧ӳһԪ
ǵԪиڿеļ¼ˮˮеλȫɳڷŵλһһͣڳÿһ˶
ÿһ棬һ˻ĳˮְļ¼ȫ
ǲݡ
ܵ
ºʸɽ
ɽȡ
ɽ
ģ
ĿŻ򣬶Ժ˿еĺɽԽ棬̻ǿľ
ڲ˭ڱָʹӣ˵ȷʵ˹ᰵŵ
вֹһγˡɽλá
ֱһӵĻ֣۰ء¼ҳϡۼҳϡʱɵһжĴȻص˴ŭѡ
۰ŭɶȻ˽ۼҽأ
۰ŭ˲̲ص˹Ǹʵ˵Էݾߡ
۰ذڰ֣ŭû£Ŀȷġ
νĺɽۼҵҩֽء
ۼҵҩֽأĴأȥĵҪĴ֮һӡǡ
Ȼ¼ˮӽ£Ӳۼҩߣÿζһ̶ȡ˶ȻҴ뿪
һ¼ȡ߶뿪Ĵһ̣Ӳϴ󣬴רӡǼ

ʱŭЦȻң
һֱŵ͵üԼø磬ҩﶾݳֵԴͷǲǿ
һ㾪ˡ
ʱɵԷ׷׿Ŀ¶ѯʡ
۰سͷ
ۼҶҩֵӡۼҩЩ¡½Ī𽥳ֵͶݣʱɵ˽жţǰһ£еָҡ
ֻһŻС˭ǣôĻִˡ
飬ʣ
۰ȷϣʱɶһֻ̧ۣĵӣָ̱ڵϵĶǹ߼á
ǣŵ̶֡
̶̲ʮ˲ӳŸոһ־˾ʧ
漴΢̻ϣ뼸λƬ̣򡭡
ֺĻҪ˵˻Ե⣬˷ͷʾԼ֪ˣһ仰ҲҶ˵
һС־ʱתԼϯλͰ嫶һۣͬϢ£տԲ̨ǡ
ĿŵĵӾ£ǳɫЩЩ͡
ǻһȦЩӣ½﷢˲£ӼṬʼٵֱڶûİɴԼؼġ档
˵󣬲˶û˵ǡ
ȴû˵ǻһת飬ֻҪǰԭؽеıԣ½Ͽɡ컽ҾҲֻΪЩ£֪ͨһ
޼ݣǰ
һＤǧˣ
вƽ˲ʼΪԼ⣬ȴƼЩһ޵ľȱ顣
޼ݡ
Ȼǰˣ
ڻɲ򼤶֣ǿ侲ͷڶУƽ΢Цչ޼ӦϽ֪ͨĴĴ֪ͨС
һ޼ǰÿ˴½ڵĶ֮ǲò£ͬʱ¹滮޼ս
⡪˵󣬹ͣһȳ¶Ϊǣ㣬¹滮ǰҪ½ڵĸŽһ¡һ£ṬʱЩյ˹ϢЩյ޼Ϣ
޼ݣ¶ã½Ṭ
Բ˷׷׵ͷͣǰṬ
۰һۣüôţֻۼյ޼Ϣ⻹ǹۼ֪ͨġ
ڵźŶյ޼Ϣ
ᵽ˹ۼңǿɵĳһºڹ
ۼҳƿڵȷϢһȷʵ޼ݳֵĵطʱʱۼҿû֪ͨ
ԣ۰غյۼ֪ͨһ漴üͷ塣
λ½½˿ڸ޼Ϣʾ֪ṬҲǳ֡
ڳǿǰյϢ޼ݣɹۼ֪ͨϺṬϢԴΪִĵӡ
µһϼƣǲԶˡ
¼ҳ̾ˮˣ治ٰ
۰ŭⶼЩΪλϴΣ
ۼҳϵذˡ
һ࣬Դû˵
½عֻһʤΪµӣһս
˵ۼҳ򽭳üʾСһ޼Ե´Σ
ԣɫ΢ݣܿŵԿ𣿡
ۼҳźҡͷ̾һɵÿˣҲǹؼһ
εüû˵
˵䣬Ѿ޼ݵ䣬ܼһһղͬǣǽ֮һָɢޣǵڳΪ
Щǵ˵ɢֹɢޣԸɡ
ԣµĲʱɢȥһĿʼС̡
Ǽֻӳ飬Ժټͷλ⼸ԺЪϢ
кʵĽ뷨ʱӭѰңûУһ㰴䣬ʽȷ
˸ڵб䶯𣿡
ǵȥλһ˵ƽ׵㷽ʽ䣬Ҳʱ䶯ӭλύʸ񡣡
⻰һλǰλǶɰһϺꡣ
ҪǰҪϱȻ˵Ÿĵӱظܡ
˵ǸƨƾĹȫܶԸָơ
ҲΪʲô졢Ĵڴ½˳ȻĵλΪ˵ϱţ
οһֵۼҪһ䶯׾ٵ
Ϻ꣡
ʲôƺˣ
еĳееĲмһˡ
ɫӦǾ۵ף͵һЦֹ̧ƣŸɫζŵӡ
ڳ󲿷˶˽ڣʳʳɫҲֻӦһհˡ
ʳѾŲԲ̨صŵϯλ
뿪˴󵨵վ
ģʼ߶½̸ԭ㰲ĳһӱ
ǰȺĵûȣҲǼ̧ͣҪǱߡ
Ȼٶȱǻ죬볡Ƭ̲ͣرǱ߸ϣһشǰ
׽ߡʢǰλӣϴЦÿŵĻȣֱԱߵƳ
һŽʢ滯СèͶС
è꣬ʢ۾һ˷˼֡
ʢķӦ΢˵ٷְٲµʢ̣Ҳǰ˾Ųʮ
סСèһûһظè䣬˹̧ʢƽкιɣ


139 ʢʼ
ϳ, ʢЩܳ΢Цʶң
ü, ɫµвʵȻʶ
ʢһҩҵüһ档ŵĶ, Ȼŵ
ʲô, ƣᵱʱԹ׽ơ
ʢϵЦһΪΡ
еСèʮֲӵһЦ, Ȼ˸˯
ûýʢ̫, Ʋ⣬𣿡
ʢץסٴȻУ
ҿһȦȻֺǺǵЦţȻǲ̫н̸
΢΢ü,л, ֱ˵
ʢǰһһߣǶҲֻܸ, ˶ӣ̫ܲ, 
ʾλ, 㹴Ц, ˵
ֻܸ
, ۰ءʱͶĵ, վתȻˣ
ãʢЦԽʢ
ߣҪͽʢ뿪ʶ¶ǡ
ͷȥһ֪뽭ʢϵ˵Ŀ⣬ҡͷʾû¡
üͷȴûֹֻĿŽʢ뿪
ʢЩԣҲû룬ֻн׽Żյһкô
ʱƲסԼͷ˷̵Цݡ
ˣͿˣ
ֻҪշԼߣŵʢͿ쵽ˣ
һ䣬ĵʾŽʢȥ
ͼ򵥵һŴӣ˳һ£סܵеСèſʢûжٱڿ˵ˣ
ʢ棬һһȦȷû˼һоа㣬ֺǺǵΪ½ôĵһλԼߣû𣿡
΢ĵ۴½λ߲񣿡
Ǿϻ
ʢҲգص֪Լ߿߲޼·
èû˵
ʢ֪ϷЦֿ֪ħŵĴڣ
л˵ⶵȦӡ
ʢЦֱ𼹱ұֱ˵ˣҪħų񣬾ͺź޼ݵҴħš
ħţһ·ʲôЦ㣬ĮǾȸҿҪôҽħš
ħŵ˰ʧˣտƾôţ
ѾĶʢЦݸʾʧˡԿ׻ڡ
ڰɫµеøż䣬˼ǣԿף
ʢһУһʤȯյӣûħŵԿ׾ϡ
˵ϸϸͼµģ
ֻǵǾ仰տƾ
ʢ֤أ
Կסһֻ֣յ˵㣬ȻҪó
ʢ΢ЦһߣҲ㣬ȰԿ׸㣬㲻ӦҵĺҲͿˣ
ЦȻ󵭵̸£Ǿˡ
˵žҪߡ
Ҫߣʢ˴ָߵ/˵ԶһУ׽Ҫ߾װӰˣܷ
ʢ̴žž죬һŽת⡣
ŵš
׽Ѿߵ˷ſڡ
ٵŵţ֨߹һ졪
׽˷ţ̧Ѿ뿪
ʢһŵתͷǰ׽ĺԶ
ߡʢ롹ͫæһ
ͣסŲͷƳһۣͷ𣿡
ǡʢԼ˸ᣬĿ࣬ǵħţħΨһķӣ
Ӧɼأ
ԣ
ʢ죬ؿǡ׽һ仰ת뿪
ʲô
һ㶼񣿣
ʢԭ˰죬͵ػĨһҲؾ׷ȥ
ˣôϡ׽ߣ
ѾԶ
ٶȺܿ죬ԪѰ˰ȫĽͣؽͨˮ
ˮ˸һɢޱȣﻹдͥԺ֡
ôˣ˶⻹Ҫˮϵ
ԳܺǰϵҪ¡
ϴߵü骵ӡǣֻϵء
ԣҽͨˮ˵ɡҲûʣֱӽͨǱߣм䴫Ͳ߻ͨ硣
ȳ骣ºͣض
ض骵常£׽㡣
ٶ򽭳ˮ˵ˡ
ֱӵǰͨʧЧˣǱ߻Դħ𣿡
ʧЧˣо棬ȻԣǵڣԿײȫֻǽȥ͵ÿԼˡ
ܽħžͿˡ
˿Ȼոҵң˵еħŵԿס
ԣ骵һ˭

ţЩɻڼЩз˷û뵽ڡ
زǺ̱ӵǸ
ֻҪ֪Կ˭ͺð죬ҸӦԿ׵Ĳǿȡߣ벻ع
Ҳü
ܹŵαΪһԿ׾ͺͽʢίߣȡԿףվǸ
ΪֹҲǽʢտڰ׻ҲûԿף֪Ǽ١
ð졣ص𣬡㲻¸ʮð˿õģԼЩ¶Լܽ

µĶعҲãλһھʮð˿õģǲݴײ˰
ֹǴײ˰
㵤ԴԴϵǰ
ָһ£ЦСè˶䣬ӦԣûʵҪǰԻҪ
û⡣ЦеѾܿڡ
ˣߵˮӦϣˮѺۣվԭس˼Ƭ̡
˼ͣٵʱУʢææس˳Ѱ˰ſվڽԶĽ
ߣʢ۾һæԶԶؾͻ
徻ٴλͷƳһۡ
β˵ʢ˺ģڵҪҴӦˣħŵԿס
ˡɴûʱעԿǼ٣æ
˵Ҫߡ
ߣʢ׷溰һҧֱӰħԿ˳ߣԿף
Į
һѽɫԿԽʢģƮУԼԼŰѪɫ
ʢסҧߣǵħŵԿףˣ
΢΢̧ϸһƯڿеĽɫԿףС״ĹâܺеǰѶϡ
òǰ˵ע⣬ʢҳԿ׶գֻŵҵҪܼ򵥣ҪػϯõӦе޼
ֻԿףû˵
ʢе̸ЦʢЩȻһ򵥵£ű岻֪ˣʣؼһϣֻܳ˶ԷԿڿȸרŵ˽ٰԿס
ƶߣĮضסʢֻ£
ԣֻ¡ʢסЦݣظȷϡ
á룬Ӧˡ
ջĿ⣬ڽʢϲ˼ǲǻûʽţ
񻹿սɹȨɣ
Ǹŵĸ壬Ȼλõ޼ݵҲûƻԼ
˼һûһµŰɫСè䣬ѰʵûƢ
ڰѡ׽˵ˣʢһеԿףʮֲ׵С
ԪԿϣȻ򽭳ߴٵߣǻģܷģΣ
ӦԪģҳŵŻصλõ޼ݷŻ˰ºĸսߣΥģ
һʮʵ޻ʳ£˲们һĹâĳɡ
ʢŬסɫŸġ
绬󣬽ʢһ̧ӣԿ뽭С
׽ʱֱõġҡǡ׽֣ԲǼ٣ĶУ޿ӿꡣ
ùܻŸ۷崺εĽʢ̧ԿףһĮǰߡ
ǰһһʱ˷ܵĽʢûз֣еĽɫâɫԿ׷з򽻲Կ׵£
ˢ
ķ磬Ϣر㽫ǶĽɫâ뽭ʢڡ
л˵



140 ףʢѪ
ͥԺ
⼸㴩ｻȺ, صλϣ쵽һֱ˶ûӦ
, ý˲ѯʣ㶨ˣ
ͷûж˵
عһЦ
ʱҲŻصȺУζβס˷ܡ
ղв˿׽Ⱥ뿪, ȺŻ, ⽭ʢֿı飬Ҳ֪϶ǺͰ׽ߴЭ顣
׼Ҫ£ԼߵˣһñӲǱġ
˻, 㲻£׽ٶС׽ħް, ڹϵôãǾȻҺ򽻵¶ȥֽ֮𣿡
⻰һվһȺɢ˿һ, ȻЦ޲ɼ
˱, ʵҪǣ˵ħţ׽Ҳôĳ֣
, ɵӣħô֮ǰкǩԼħޣͳһ㣬˭ħ˭˵أ
ԱߵƮƮط, Ȼҡͷ̾ʱ򻹿Ƶ, Ҳ֪Ǹġ
, ͵˲, нǿںͰ׽δܳΪ½һԵ˼
ʲô
˵ڱŰ޶ɱߣ
Ƕǰĳ֥ù, ˰ȥ˭Щ
ֻҪԼһջڣħ޵ĵλָտɴ
οⳡʢħޣʱˡ
һ󳰣ʼߵú޲طȥæ㵽ٵĵطҲ졣
ⳡڣһֱԥҪҪ԰׽ʾõ˶ȥħչǸͷҪǳ˹ϵ£ˮɾϴɾˡ
벿˶ԥţԥԥţͼڰ׽ߵԽԽ࣬ϴЦ޲ȫֵλ½һԼһ顣
һǰ˶ൽȥ̧ͷ䣬ȫӰεܡ
˶ȥȺͷֱץԿǡ
ʱɵİｭҪ徲ǵݲÿڣڱԵһɣһǿƼȺ
ײüͷһ壬Ѿ嵽ߣһ̧ͷɫͱˣ·Ҷ˵
ĶλҲϵҹԣֻؿһͬǰ棬Ȼһһڽߣǿʢˡ
ҿһۣСèڴúè˯鲻дǸʾ⣬ɡ
һվ徲ֻ࣡
û۹棬˷һһˣֱǰʹϵ˱Ƶͷ󺹣¶ҴҽܼˣûҶ˵һ֡
ЦضЩµһ޲ݣƵǰ״磬գ
߲õˣֻεˣΪʲô޲ݣ
һʱģѾСɽƵ޲ݿһ𹻰嫳һ죬Ŀһ£ŽС궼嫺ˡ
Ϊʲô޲ݣ
Ҳ뿴ûõĶ㲻ħŵԿף㺱޲Ҳԡ
ԼеСèʱЩԹ
޳ָסСèϵһСë˸Сйߡ

СèԵɵɵزһ£˸˯
ܵԹɴ˼Ų˵ϢԼʦַųȥģᱻ׷ɱġ
ɺţҲ˲٣Ͷ״ˣһ仰ҲҶ١
һý˼ջ
ãȻʵսǿҪ㣬ƶɽڵǿҲѷ֡
˯Ѻڽ﷢ĺɫС𣬡Ҳ̫С˰ɣܳʲô¶
Ƴһۣӣûһﱳﲻѹ
ԪֱԼɪɪֻֻƴС
СԼˣ˵Ԫ󱳣ֻҲ˲٣һţ޴ү汧סһָҡ̽С
һڣסֻ۵С𣬰ĥȽעҪ׽
ûᣬСסǸָ˶ԸҶסһˣʵʱͻ档
ҡ
С̽һӦ£Ȼų뿪ģʧҹС
嫶ʧС𣬺
ܵÿ죡
εбҪһֻ𣿡
ƲƲ죬бҪֻҵԼߡ
úúãһ˵Լߡһ߷Žջһһ޲嫣ϽȥԷԱ˾ȥ˯
Ѱ
嫱ס޲ݺٺһЦת۾ͱСèģŽ桸ͨһ޲ݿУ̵ؿ
ͰСèĥ
ڶԳƵǱĶϸƣͷ嫣ǱϵıԪ
ԪֻƫûдԪصԪǸϵⷢչԪƫˮһ嫳õı
СèӦǱϵ
šشӦж׽ŵ޲ݿУԴӦɵó
ԴǿԪˮϵƫܰ߸õԪ
Сèҡεβһ٣˼̧ͷסƮѩİɫ壬Ƭ̺ɻ󣬡½дôߵıԴ
Ҳͱ֮ǰڼ
·޲ݷ˵󣬵Ȼ֮治С
Сè˻ζ䣬ס䵽޲ݿıԴͽкҳԼӿָٶȣܻ˯һʱ䡣
û£ðɣʱ̫¡ڰ֣ʾ嫷
һ죬е㵣Ĵ½춯
룬һָҲһ
ˣ԰ɡ
״үűԴƬ̣һţ¡
嫷±Դ󣬽ת޲ݿСèͼεԴһ˯ģ
ʧЦֽ̧Сèڻ˯
һ˯ĵϡ
ڶ죬ۣеСèȻûѡ
ϰΪ˵Сèֵҡͷߡ
ֻû߳ϵˮһͣ˸
ɻͨ
ֻʱɴδйƣӲˮдˣ׼صӣȫʧ١
סҡ
ͫ
ͥԺ֣þһҡ
ǰԺ׼ҳϻʱȻϵˮͻըˣ룬èٱǰԺ
ŵѾػ۾һߣ
ǵͷʾ⣬ȻͥԺͥԺһ̣ȻԼûߡ
ȻóΧһȦɫ˱㿴
ʱ΢΢̧ƣ𣬻ˣ
һԴԻ£˳Ȼ̾
ˣԿ׶ˣҲòͷ¶βġ
λڣм¶Բһˣʱɡ۰ءۼҳϡ¼ҳԼȼλԲ࣬ɫࡣ
ѶһһǿԲŵ˺Ǳɫһ䲻Ҷ˵
ȫŵϢķΧ£СèŲǰѾ䵽Բϣ΢΢ü
ʱɶܻˣ̬̲סˣԽԽ죬벻˭
ֱǰͽڵ׼ҳͻȻԣ
ԣ΢΢ף˫ֻ/ǰסһֻ˯Сè
߽ʱɵҲÿ۲Ŀռ䡣
ɫࣺӦ˻϶أֻ˯˯û˺
۰صزһ䣺вԪ
˯Ԫ
һǰ˯ĵҩһǲԪĵĵҩⶼͽ׵ĵҩʹҲð׳˻˯
΢΢üϸ۲Բϳ˯İ׳ϡ
۲ʱһƬţʱɵ˶Ըλְ˭ҳ
Ͳǲ𾪡
Ӳ⼫ʱƴճǰ˵ݡ
˴źͰ׽һģһ·ﱧŰ˯İɫСèΪڵܱʱɡ۰ĴĳϷΪϱ
ⲻǰ׽
׽
ոʲôţ

мõ˴ЩзĴ½ҳ֡

ЩǰҲһӦ
ɲ

ѹ֣ѹҵһ´γôߣѹҵôǿ
ֻɽһж͵ͨˡ
֪Ӧ࣬˳ԾԲŵˣ֪룬мְա
֪

˶ЦӴϢȺΨһ˴ڵأӵЦݷ·ǿϣԵʮֻ
ʢ㶵ؿǻСèˣڷ󺰲ܣϵıŤý
𾪵ȺعвŽõǾûпעŵǳ־磬Ҳ֪ҺԵ
Ϣͨһģ֪ʱʢֱӰѽɨسţʢ׺öӻԽϾɱ
뵽һ㣬ԭͽʢõļ˼ʼӿʢĿް
һЦЦƳǳƺǺע£ʢؿѪӿ
뵽Լ컹ϲģ뵽ǰѰװͳȥԿס
ۡ
ʢһѪ˳ͫ״嶸Ȼصȥ
һˣѪεˣ
л˵
á


141 İ׼ңԼ
ʢͻȻֱӴš
һ䶼ĳ, ʱ͹ˮֵòɿ
£˸û취Ϊ׼ҳϼ顣
üջ, ڲݵǴȥ
ʢˣ
ôࣿ
ʢε˵Χڽʢˣ۰ءʱɵ˶Щȡ
ʮĬ򽭳
̣Ⱥվûס
۰شԼ汦ɻ󣺡ǰһٻһ٣ôεˡ
̵ջ, һ˼ֻǰԲϵİ׳, ˵²ȻĵֻһȻ˸ģƿ˭ˡ
Ȼ֪ӽʢǶʲô, ۰ػ˵ɵƯ
ͳһĴָʾ,
üʦԼһȺ˵͡
ʢ뽭֮ԼֻȥҲֻΪǽʢܻŭģ˹ȥ
ôģʢֱʲô, Ȥ, רעΪ׳Ͻⶾ
ŵ˼ææѽʢ̧ߺĳڲ㰲
Ǳ߳, ԿȻֻż׳, ֱ̾ʢؿˡ
۰ءࡢ, ټʱ, ⼸ʦŶӡ
׳Ҫ, ȫ㲻Щ, ֱÿأˡ
󽭳˺ϼһڰ׳Ƴ˲ʮֵҩһ޶ĵҩ
ܵҩƽ״̬šü룬ȻתⰬǬ֡
ⰬǬµһԿ֣ƹ£ü
ָŻ˯İ׳ϣֱ˵ʣڵĶйϵ𣿡
ֻһȦ
ˣʻֱӽⰬǬ͵һԵĸ߶ϡ
һȺеע£ⰬǬһ飬Ǹ¶أ
˵Ҳǣ˵Ҳǡ
ǣ¶һͽж𣿣
ڰ֣Ȼʮֱ˵ڣʲô
ⰬǬһ£οڣֱңС
õġõ𰸣ֻ˸⣬ǰ׼˵ʧйϵ𣿡
ⰬǬͷƤˣ죬Ȼش𣺡йϵ
ǳ˭ģ
̫㷺شˡ
̫㷺
°ͣ׼һ£Ե̫࣬û£
ⰬǬһѪĳ嶯ĥͷ
Ӧڣһ⣬黹ᷢ𣿡
ԣⰬǬ΢΢üû̻ش𣬶ǻתһȦߴڳɨͣ£ᣬҿ˭ڰңпܡ
һһ䣬ڽ˵ĸˣʱɵ˶û뵽ֱⰬǬԤ⡣
ʱһ۽ģû˵
죬ȻһֱⰬǬʵ¹ش½İȫǾЩףתʱɣʱϣͽжϣ⡭ǲЩڶϷ
ʱɿһ̧ۣ°Ͻûеĺû˵
شǵĲʱɣһԵĹ۳ϡ
۳ڣͽ˵Ԥεģɡ
û뵽۳ϻῪڻشǻһȻ󻺻£ɫɫҲ˼֡
Ĭ˼Ƭ̣ڹ۳ϵע£ľȴ£Ӧˡ
ʱڴ½Ԫû˥ߵʱͽվڽ˵ְҵ
ǸʱĴ½һͽˣǳԹۼңҲΪۼҵ춨ֽ񲻿ԽԪλ
ڳ˽˭ⰬǬжϣǱȻǹ۳ˡ
ⰬǬһһ䣬Բ಻߹ע
ո̫û˵ʲôڿһ
ǾȻôͽˣ
ЩͶͽŷŵ߻һۣ΢΢üû˵
ⰬǬȻ֪Լһķ飬ֻҪǾû⡣
Ȼõ𰸺̧ļ򣬸млˡ
һĻ˵ֱ˱䡣
ŲˣʱɣС顣
Ƭ̺ʱɶԴС
أ۰һɻʡ
ʱˡ
ˣ
˾
ȷʵˡ
ڴ½ŵʱ䣬뿪׼ڵء
ոպʱɽӵеϢ󣬽ȥ׼̽˼۰غͻڣλ׼ҳʱǣֻڽƽҩ޷Ѱˡ
ʱɺͽ뷨ıϣҲֻнʺȥ̽һ̽
ʱѺͽʢԼʱɣʱֱӽҺźϲϲֱ֮ǰʮӵнʮ޼
뿪ЩԼ߶ҲʧȥȤλϣûʲô󶯾ͥԺ˲ֹһ㡣
ʱɻصλĮȻɨʢԵĵطȻĮƿ
ʱɻǣ󣬼ǵ÷ݣҪڴ½Ȼ󲨾С
Ӧˡ

вɽ
һ·ɳȻͣвɽıԵ̽
׼ҲʲôС壬нǧһ/ҹ֮ȫʧһضϱڲԫ˷֡
ΧŰ׼ҵɽͷһȦȻͣһԼԼķ϶ǰ
϶ڽϣٵ棬ڰա
⼸ɲռ䲨΢΢Ȼ󽫰ͽռ䣬ء
˭Ȼڰ׼ҵɽͷֱӿһռѷ죿
ڵûд򿪿ռѷ
½ֻй۳زʱɶЩ
ѷıÿǷռ䣬ֹ֪׼ڲ
˼ˣԪÿռ֮ԼһȦ󣬲Сؽ׼פء
һ·
ǰˡ
ͥԺˡ
ʹ
ƹȣһ·լλã͵ֹʶסθзӿ
һǷ˼ҹѪζֱǶ̶̵һ˲䣬Ҳ˼Ż¸С
üͷӿٶȣӲ֪ΪΰڴſڵƹһĻþûܷӦ
ѪɺӣҰ֮޴ǰ̳յѪҺ
ϸ۲һ£ܿѪҺҲǳ𣬽ǳɫǿһ£һŻķ䡣
ѪΪ飬󷨣ͬʢ֮ǰԨ˫µ䡣
ôӴ󷨷棬˽ʲô󷨣ѿ˵ĺҪǧ׼˲ܵóȾѪ
ȻصѪҺѾ̣󷨻ЧԪв
Ԫ
Ϥ

ڣ
ֱקһĨԪ󣬽̣ûס
ֻ֪ͨʱɺš
ǰһмڼ¼ˮУ˳׼Ҵլ׼صš
˳׽լһ˲ԭͲƲסլԺͻȻ̮
غ¡¡죬Ҫʹݣһҳǿס˽ߡ
ʲôûֻüԱˡ
ɵʱҳɢȥ׼ҴլѾȫһƬ棬Ƭɽͷڳһš
ͣڰգһؿڣ䡣
׼ҴլôͻȻ
ͬһʱ䣬ϵˮ˸
ϡͨˮȶԷ˵׼Ҵլˡ
ʱɳĬƬ̣׼ҳͻȻѪֹȫš
޺ҧ԰׼ҽǧӵѪҺ䣬ڰ׼סլˣЩҲҲټˣ
һǺðֱӻʬ𼣣
Ҫ˵ؼ϶ϸСĶ
һݣʱɽֱӶˮȥ
嵽ϣӿǶһֻֻϸСİϣϸȥЩϴŰĺ
һһҵǼӲĴأ䵽Ⱥǰȴ·ȶҪɣǶ̶̼˲ͽעһظĥƽˡ
һֻֻеİϣ˰׼ݵԭ
һ׼Ҵլ󷨶ˡ
̤׼ҵƬɽͷʼ;òԾһһ·𱻶ԷȫУǸ󷨣пǶԷġ
һл߬ĨϾԪ
ȻͣⳡϷȥɣ
̧һףֱӽԪע뵽ˮУǿдˮӡǣͨˮ
ԭأضסв˸ˮ
һ¡¡¡
ȣˮֹͣ˸ģˮͷǿϵ˵ЦһǫѷȻĽͨˡҲ²£ˮһˣ˭أ
䵭ڣҪ£Ԫһ̣
ϤءҲ¶ˣ׽ҲأһдЦѾá
װˣڣͿˡֱӴĻ˵ɣʲôĿġ
šڻ˼һȻ֪Ҳһħޣ
Ҹɵһ㣬ҵԼޣҲޡ
΢סˮҲ΢΢
ޣ
½ϣ˰嫣ͬʱѵڶֻޣ
֮ǰ˵޼½̫ܲǿԪһֻһֻ
ڰûѣҲû취ʣֻǳĬһ˲Ȼ΢΢䵭ش𣺡أ
л˵

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142 ľͬΪı
һ˲, ʱԭ
ΪħŵˣԺҺڼοǲͬ, 뿴ħ˵ıĿڰ׼ҵһŷԼʹɱлµħ
ġ
ַǼ˵£޼ɵ, Űɱ޹ص, Ǹûͨˡ
һֱصĵ
ɫ𽥳ѷˮ, ˾
ֻõɫ, Ц԰ǿעĶ֣ôעĴڣҲ̫Į˵㡣治Ҷģ
ûʱ䡣, һ,ֻҪңΪʲôҪ԰׼֡
ڲһ˲, ̶ЦҪ𣿽ɴ߲Сڡ
Ĭ
ڵнħŵͨ, ĵҩ, ܵ߸½򡪡
˵, , Ҳħ, οȺίߵ򽻵
ȻˣǾûʲô˵ˡ
ֱӶˮɫ˼֣Ȼڿգ·ɻ
½һࡣ
ǿжϵѵˮϵЦݽ
ֽˮ׵һ࣬ȻǣͬΪı

ص򣬽ûŹͣȻ֪ڱľܲ³룬ڵԼҲޡ
¼ˮغŵӺֱת뿪
ʱ䲻ˣ׽Լߣľٴʵ
ڴ֮䣬һºͽʢĳŵ
һǿ߶ԣøսգһȽɵ顣
ûʱȥųսֻίһǸսˡ
ִǸսŵļǰûˣһҩöԷɥʧʱڵĹ
ֻǵ˸󣬽ŷ֣ˡ
ħħֶΣһССļǶԣֻĹߡ
Աʬжľګļӵܣŭһαεˡ
Щ͵Ŀֻһ֮ңڲ֣Ҳ¡
Щͱ˶أسʱ䲻ֻ߻С졣ڵĵ˲ݲرҰ
ϸϸȺڶر߻ʱ䣬ǰ׼Ҵլ̮ʱ䣬Ҳʽֵʱ䡣
һͣڰգ˼Ǵδй
Щ˱ɣڵϱĿܣֱϡ
ѡ
ǰȺ䡣
ڣµս

һ
Ѿһ˵ļլ߳ٻͷһۺ󷽵ĴլȻڿ뿪
ȽϢʧ˺ܾԺ󣬴լų˸OO@@ϸȥһȺӣͷСжΪѸ٣ȴ˫ȣǹ졣
ͷһֻѸլһȦͳˮ֨ѽҽС
˰Σˮһഫ͵͵Ц漴ԽԽںشЦ
˵ʲô壬㽭Ҳ̰ݽĵС
Ц󣬻סɣȥһĿꡣ
֨֨֨
Ұƽԭˡ
뿪Ÿɣ򵽻Ұƽԭˡ
ٴκ޼½䵽Ƭɲĺ
ظڵͨ棬ͨ衣
һ뺣򣬽ܵ骵Ϣͣԭأ骡
骵ʱѾһյ֮¡
ɫã˫صԼԼżŭȻǳʲô¡
΢ǰ
յŭ𻺻ƣذڰ֣Ц߰ɣħš
˵űǰʼ·
ں󷽣û߼ᵽһɵѪζأŵļֶϢողż
ǰ͵ͣ½ŲĿ¶أڲǲǳˣ˶
骺һͣҡͷ£Ȼ㡣
û´ҸոҲƵ飬жЩ˻𣿡
Ѿһ롣˵ʱָ߬ոѹȥŭһӿ
ֻܴڹ룬Ϸô꣬Ȼ©һ
Ѿ˿ڲڶرֻڴѡ
ҴҲ⴦˸»ʬۣ骱
üͷ΢壬ʣµģ
骣䣬ƻʬۣҪʱܳ
̧ͷܽǽ𣿻а취
˵骽üͷ£漴ͷӦʵСģڵĶף˳ɱѾ޲ߡ
ףģ򲻵ѣһһԡ
骶˼ûٶ˵䡣
˿˶λһһŻʬۣҹߵҲҪʱ䡣
ڵĻʬۿպ󣬻ʣң¼ȥҹζ࣬ʹٲ̣ⵤҩҲơ
ǿŭԼƽʱ򣬽ÿš
ˣһһ䣬æģ
ࡣֽŹϣǱһһˣǽҰɣ˵а취
ûʬ۵δͣͷû̧һ£Ǿͽˡ
ĮúܣǲŽа취Ǿһѻʬȥһ˰ˡ
һ£ѹֵܿʲô𣿡
ոߵֻ̫üֱǴլﻹеþȵˣȻȫУʣһҲûа취ǵ֮£ֻһѻǵʹ
߾ȻҲƵ飬ڣҲ罭һֱӻǰ
ͣõҩ̧֣ͷ˪䡣
Žڵûл˵ĺۼٲݣѨŶĿʧǡ
һ˵ʮȫǿ϶ǰһٵĴڣд󲿷ֶûнⷨҲһŶ߶Ƴ˽ⶾ
üͷ塣
˵һأвӲܽ⣬ʱҲֻʮ죬ѡ
򴽣ûֻǼʣô඾أôƽģܾȷʮű
ֵ֪ͷһŲҩĥ
֮иߵ֣֮ͨ˵ԵһĶػὫѷĶɣҲǸһ㽫ؽС
һʮأȲ˵ôͬܻƺ⣬׵Ļάƽ⣬ֱĥʮųױ
ʱֱֻܷűʱ䣬оŸʮ׼ȷʱ䡣
ҲǷϲѣֱӷѰҽҩһԭ
ģЦһ̶ڣǵ𡣡
ǵã᳤Ĵͽܡͷǰ򻹸˵ʧˣпؼҵ׷Ͷҡ
Ƶġ򽫲ҩĥ꣬ǳǳ̧һƬӰҼƶҩڶҩ츳Ҳ
ⶾ¾еĵ֮ۻ˿ơ
ƽҩϼѡ
Ĭ
Ƭ̺̾ǵ԰ɣӻڶرʱ䣬ôü
һԵʱʧŸЩҲʱڵһ㡣
һʮʱ٣ܱ֤Ⱥ˵İȫ
ⰬǬйԤ⣬鲻ֻһΣ½в֮С
ܷһˣ˶ȥֻһ
Ͻļ֣Ǿ仰⣬
˵͵ͷϵҩġ
ûٵʱ䣬ڲʧȥʶȻת뿪
ٴδ򿪣Ȼϡ
뿪һ˲䣬̧ͷſڣ𲻶
΢΢߬ȭؽոĥõļҩľóжȡëѪҺ
⣬С
ӣؿԶһ޼ʵī˺ڰһС
ʱ㿴һĻֻǰһо޾ı˽
һֱ૿ڣ׷ĺ֮˿ý͵һ
ǰ
תɴȱ󣬴ЩʹǸʼںҵľס
ǰһ΢΢ҡͷ񶨵㵱ʱûǰҲվҡοҴһʼĿ꣬½ڵĳַǰ½Կǵһ
֮ǰ˵ڵѾ£»ġ
ºף˵ʱȻģƬ̤벽
½ϻǹۼҺʱΪںУ˭Ҳֲѵ񾳽骡
򣬽Ȼſġ
ֿҪħ𣿡
΢١
½ħȷʵǽĿģһδоʮʱ䡭
骶˫˱ܿһС
Цһᣬʵ飬ˣħųɰջ󡣡
Ҫס޼½Ψһϣ骻ֻ㣬Ȼˡ
ڴ½ϵĶۼҺ͵ҩڡ
Ĵ󵨵ȥҶڵ㡣
߬ȭͷɿҧ´ȻͷǾͷǰٿһͨ


143 ħ
һεħ֮òûпԼ, ûжʣֻǵ㵥һ˴ħţѶȻԵͼ, һ˵·ľ
ζЩ˵ħǲرأʵдۣм, ̰
ϸ, 骵
֮ǰֻӽʢСԼȨת骡
ʢκιڵħŵƶ, ߶һ
ֱ꣬Ӵħͨ, Ŀͽ뿪
ݵƽδƬ̣ڷشһδ춯Ϣվת˲ԭʧ
ħš
ħĵħź·, ûҹ, ûļûиɽľʢ
ֻԴԴϵʬ, Լ洦ɼڲضûҪɱ̰
޼½ħŵͨѾر˽ʮ꣬ħÿδй١
Ҳǽ, ֪ԭ޼½ֻһ۵İλ, ħ̫λսߡ
Ǿһһľ, ħһҪħ, ȥʱŵĳʸ
һƬȵ·ܴ͸ͷɹ, ĵѰһƬӰ¡
ոֻгɣϵ˺۱һҲȾ͸졣
ʮʱɱ¾֧ǿԼӰ£ȻпȥԼϵսƷ
ⲻ죬ѾͲ°˽֣ϻħһʮоʮһ̤ɽǿߵȫ
еħԽԽ࣬һٶö߽һĻȻǰܻһꡣ
ħûԪĴڣԪħ档
ԽԪӤ弶ĵȼ㣬ֻҪʮħһʮʮʮεӡ
ָԪҪħͻƵȼҪħһԪΪ֧ŵ£Ҫħ
յİһʸһǧö
⻹ֻһʸ
էֻһħÿʱƬѪĴؽ漴Ͷħ
֪ÿͶŵħж٣֪һ򡪡
ħͶŵֲ֡
Ҳ˵һʮħǽҹʱͽһٶʮħͶࡣ
˵Ǹǿߵ˵Ǹħӵ·ꡣ
к˸ħЦһ
ЦĶЩ󣬳СȽʮСС˿ڵһʹ
ûҪħֻҪлһöԶɱĶ
ɱ¾ᣬдƺħΨһ淽ʽ
һ׷󣬽ſ˻
Ƭ̺͵ٷһöԭǿֹס˿Ѫת뿪
ڵħֹطԪ纣Ҳûãÿݽ߻ǵÿݽߣħǵ̣ʡˡ
Ÿո뿪Ƭأ漴вʮܻسģˣ˾Ƿ֯Ǳߵģ
֪ͨҼ׷
ԴӽɱǶɽǿħ֮زز󣬾ͱȺˡ
һ׷죬ǲۣۡ
ٴαС죬һöħ󣬽Ԫڻָ룬ֻʣһʮһöðһǧö֮Զ
ŵڶöħ߬߬ȭվǽħ˻ȥԪָ
󷽴ڶʶһ£ֻ±¶һС͸ɵѪζ
һۺ׷ԽԽȺüͷ壬̧һӣֶٴںϣһȥ
캳صĽͱըУ֮ززϼӿٶȣĳȥ
޼½ǱΣأûʱÿͶŵħû˰嫻ػûٶľȥӦЩͱԼһħˡ
һǧöħȥȡʸѡȥһħֻҪֵܼܻͬʸ
ħʼħſЩƣѶȷ˲ֹٱ뽭һ·Ŀͽǧ˵
нһͨ˿ˣĴȴԼ
ħڵħƽԭĴʾͲٷ֮һħֱӽ͵ǧ֮һ
һ/ҹɱ
׷˽ҹħھ
Ͷŵһʮһöһ⣬С
ٵǾŶ߶׿ݽߣ߻͸֧ʹã۶֫Ĵۡ
֫ϵ˻ʲô⡣
ҩ࣬öԭѹȥһʱͻָȫ
ڵر˰ٷ֮ʮ
ؼضڲʹãֱĵƶںϳױϡ
򲻵ѵʱ붯ȥŰ嫵С
һĿǰ״̬Щǳ
˼£һʮöħ׼ֱҸεĵضͻơ
ħЩĹ򣬵ħǸĶԪ˾Ϳͻƣ߱ȥεת
ͻƵףֻҪһʱ
Ҳ͵˵ħ
ЩǿȡԪɵĺС
Ҳһ·֪һ¡
ħͶŹҲЩħŽеĸġ
ԭȸҪɱ¾ֻҪħ´񣬾ͿԻħƽܸͿԵһǧöħĶһ׼
ڵħڿ󣬵ħǱƶ˹糹Ϊ
ɼҲɵסԶĵ飬󲿷ֻǵΪŰɱ˳ȡħͿס
罭ħʱɱˡ
Ƕɽǿ߾ǿµһ󽫣ײɱһëˣȻͱ¦ˡ
ڽǺòײŰѺЩƨɾⲻܸǡ
ἰĿԼڵķ֯ˣüͷԽ塣
뾡ͻƣֱ뽫ѹ۷壬ʧȥðʸ
ͷ
˰ΣƽԭڳǵĽ紦ڳⲻɽͷнѰ˸ε㣬ǶͿռ֮һȻٽ״̬
ʮöħ㹻ýӻֱ˽ס
ʱ仺ţһʮöħԪڽڳΡ
ڶ֣ʮö
֣ʮö
һαǴȥʱһοʱ
ƽԭɴĳȴһƬڰֻⱡһǽ֮
ѡɽɲָϣͻʱ龰мֹ졣
⣬һʱĹâ˳Ĭ
˶ɫİߣͷ֮¶򦴦һ˰̣˽¶Ƥ
ͷüõ˵ˣȻѡֵطͻƣͿ
ЩΣСҲ֪ǲֻ˴ɱϻ˼µħȫˡ
ͷǿӦȻҲмֱ£ʱپټˡ
Բ༸˶һۣ壬ϢӦٶöħ
ô͵ػͷǣİ̺۸ԿֲǷ֯˵һҪǻûˣڻǿڣɱͷǵʸ񡣡
һͨ˦£ջ˵ļ˶ʱûӦˣһȫͷ˽°޵ضһۣ̣
֯˱ûˮ̣Ҫϴħŵһ֣ɢˣֵõѵˣ
ǿٶöħϵʱҪһöɾǽöˣϾܻһս
βʹַꡣ
һȵɽڣӰֵĹâ˴롣
ɨһȦţҲͻˣЩ۵ĹҰ
ǡĲ鲻ԸӦ¡
ҶʱüͷͺһЩʧ
Ⱥ˶һ·ӿǾߣʵҲûΪˣ˳ֶΪ飬ͲסǵĿһǸһᡣ
ֻҪĳ·꣬ͨĿ飬ͻὫˡ
ʶħɱ¾ħ/󣬻ֳܱĵ̫٣Է֯ĳԱٵÿһλһλ
ۿȺջǱħǣЩɴ£
֪緢飬һһ⹥Լĵȼϡ
һжúõģֱֻڽ洢ռСè̶˶ͻƵȼϵԪ˴롣

Լյĵ﷢
嫵С𣺡ʲôûסԪ̶ˡ
뻯˽ףͲһԪˡ
ȻԪ嫳ûˡ
ͻƳ
ԪȻεۣСèҡҡͷ̾㰡ǲԣһ־ˡ
СèٺٵЦȻ󷭹èƤյֱߣ
ָв⣬ССԹ˲ɢ
һһèδϽžΥһ¡
ֻǻǺƬ̣һɫâڶ±һɽڣҵࡣ
Լǰͺĺͬƹⰵ̶ȣüǡҹϣ
ͬһʱ䣬ɽŭɱǳ
һȺӣħȴң
˲ȱȺĻˣ


144 ɵڶʽǿ
ɽͻȻıŭýͰ嫶һ, һһèһۣ򶴿ڡ
̧һ, ɢɽеħȫ
ħĺâֻʣǳ¹⣬ǰһз洫һ
ǿɽһȺ˵ִ
ΧǰһȦǴߵ, ǲѶǡ
˵Щ, ˵ǰһʮڧǣ΢΢ü
ոʲô
ˣ֯ˣ
̧һµɽǰıӰĥſڣλ
ħʧˣ
һŭֱӴ˽Ļ

Цʧ
Ƚ͵ס˽нһĶԻ, Ͷָ
ͬߵȺֳһسһһзߡ
ˡ
Ž˷ŭ, ֱ̧ӻ˸ոռеǸˣһʮս״̬
˳֣㶣в죺嫣Ƕɽǿߣ
ǵħ, ɽǿҲߵĴ, ô죬ֻһɽǿ, Ȼɱˡ
Сèβһ˦Ƶصɽڹɽ, Ҫٲæ, Ǵ޽ɶܲ˿
, ǰս֡
ڰѾ, Ҳõ
ֻ̧, ɫһ£ٻûʮİѴ󽣣¡һ³һӵϵˡ
Ⱥ˱ںԸˣȴͻĳôֲ
ÿһѽŻڽɽǿߵѹٶȻ죬ϸ˺ۣƵǱȥԸЩ
˴Ŵżͷһ۾Ϳվɽֱֱˡ
̫ˣΪСèѵ
ӦҲû룬ǰסˣߣ

˱⧲žͱȸϽĲһ·ɽȥ
ιСһ㲻㶫ˣǿסŲŨüһ壬ѵôôûнģ
ЦͷҲصſģ򲻹ҡ
Ǹոɽ˸ףҲȥġ
˿ܻ˷
˹ˣħȻôĳˣ˵Ƿ֯ĳԱ
ü
е
Цһ׼ָСһ
ԪûתͲйΣյϢࡣ
һ̽·ǰܣһѵʾϿɵǶҪ̽¶ٶ̫죬ιҩ
вˣ
Сһе˼
˸ɴԪ治ħˣ
Ƿ֯˵ĳԱĵػͷһۣȻ˺˵û˷ͻ£˺ĳԱƷ
һ㶣Ȥˣ˭˵ģô˵ˣҲһԱɣ
ȸңʲôЦеڿӡ
˸ɴҽҡ
ҡ
һۻСè
ͳ洢ռС
һεħʱصظ׼һС˲ֺĳԱĽܡ
ܼ¼Сˣ֮
嫷ҳڱϿҶ֡
ҡɽǿߣҲа̺ۣԸˬֿ֮
Сèһ
ͽ֮û֡
ͷץֵǿ˼֡
΢΢Ц壬ˡ
һмԻ󣬾ýһ仰Ȼһ£͸˷һһس
ң
ʲôɣ
ոͻƻдйİ嫴˸УٸǼӵٶ𣿡
ڿ׼޵ް׻
ٶ̫ˡ
һӦţһ߿ɵʽ쳾׷˼۷
úõһɽڹƱԹˡ
һèһӺǽȺ˦ˣҲڿɽһ˳ˡ
ҿһۺѾʧ˵ȺٿһԼĪķ磬ٿһԼܵСԼС껳˦β͵İɫè䣬Ŀ¶ɫ
ֻǴ֣ǴϣЩһ룬ס
ǰˣǺЩϸ𣬲Ȼܡ
˵ʵԸͬеȺ˻УټϺһһ˳ƾЩˡ
ҪСһҪмѶȡ

ΣҿڴСһøְɡ
˶٣ڵ
ıͻ׽Ѿ̫㣬ɴһˡ
գգۣµ˼ֹ֣ţôϴһգ
ӵشЩɡ
治ɫҴ
ûҲûıòɭǱ߶ͶűĿҲûʲô⡣
վǣظҴ
κҿκɵ㣬޹ֻη
΢ƳĬȺ˹׷ˣ𣿡
һ񣬵У
ַסǲǰѿǱߵϲɱˣ
Ĭü
ҺٺһЦ׻˵˵ĵ˾ѣôûҸ֯뷨
ŪҵĴ󣬽Цһܵ뷨ڣһҪȴһ¡
üĵʲô¶ôϣ
΢΢һ޼ʵĺڰͺڰӨӨ˸ĵƹ⣬ҵȥһħʱܺˡ
ħš͵ؼȻǿҭס򷢸ɵĴħɲǸõط֮ͼСˡ
ڰ֣ģһҪô岻׵
ʱ䲻ˣ̵ʱȡóɹ
šüͱ׾Ҳ֪ôȰ
ЦЦ̧־ҪɿʱǰĺҹͻȻһȺˡ

ɽֱҸϽѣ
⣬ܿһǸ˵ټ
һУջ˵㾢߬ȭһߵһߵߣȺСӹѵ׷ٵĶҹ
˵קŽȥ
ܱ߻ͷһۺȺü棬иոպŵˡ
ҹһ㣬嫿壬ָӦˣǻǰ档
ұǽ£ŭˣȥֻСˡͰǼͨõĴ
ˡ룬˽ŲڵܲһϣֱӴɣһ£ûʱǾ
ʣô
ͣ½Ųֱ΢̧˸ŽɱУԱĻɱˣ˲¡
˲ңҲˣǽĻ
׷ɱѾ׷ǰֻдˣŲ¡
⻰һ䣬˸һΪߣҹĻ¹ЮŨ⣬ֱֱȺ
һֻʽõһʽⲻԺʽͨ
ЦǺǵҸѻûü˵񼶵ɣ˼µ÷
Ŷ΢̧ͼǷڿе߰ѳٴλ֣һʮİѣͬըһȺ
ԣ嫵СèԴ֣һָı䣬ɿԼըˣըЧ൱ڻǿߵԱ
ɻֳʮİѣȻÿһѵȺûʲô⡣
ɷһ񱼵ȺѹûüӦͱͻıը
㿪
Ŷ顪
Сè˦˦βͣȤظ
ʮİѳɢԱЩ׷Ⱥۿɼ˴룬ʣµ˻ֵ̿ͣסŲ
ԪӤǿԱû޲ߣܹǼּɵ
վһཫһս۵ףΪ޵ɨ򽭳
ҪûĻСһҲͻ߽׵ˮ׼ôһ־ô춯أ
΢΢תһȦĬĬһԼСһ֮佻ʤĿԣȻʮźǿдιջ˵뷨
Ͼǲ˰ʵһȷʵ㹻캳أȫȻЩۺļһǡ
ۿɲĵˣ嫺βǰһ˦緢죬ڶʽ
ڶʽ
Щ졣
ɵڶʽ죬רڿƻþʹ÷ΧеխԽûôó
ŷغۣתԪ
ոɢɹɿپۺϣûһϸİɫѳʼתôһ˲䣬ڰҹջ硣
һ˲֮󣬽͵ۣ׻ֲ뾪ϲ
ⲻһתĳڽУȴһչ֡
Щ˱ߵ·ĿԪߵĹ켣ǵĺ˿ƤһϸСƣһ
Ӧ˵ǿһǸ֪
ֻҪת֮ڣеһԶɻ棬Ȼݽǰ
·𡭡
ǿס
Цýƻûء

Ȱ嫸ͣһβʹҵĺ󱳡
ҳʹǰ£Ȼйǿĺ󱳣ǿаƵǰķѵսȦС
ң
ʲô
Ȼһ̣ǰһжˡ
ʱ·ͣͣȫȻʧҵչȡ֮һһжĹ״ˡ
ҵɴۣȵһУ˲
ЩǸոȺˣ
Ԫâж˶
ôԵʾôչʾ˶ܰǻɱ
ʶͷǱ۾꣬϶˼ָӡ
һ߽׵СһȻܽռ֮õֵز
л˵
ôôգ


145 ˴ɵ
Ѿ, ΢ĶڸոտһĻж
һ, ɵػβͣûŽ
ֻת˸һһСѰȺ꣬Ȼٿ»صߣĬվš
һǰһһè, , ˼
һţֻץס˼֣Ƿƽ, ⼸Ҳ㹻ͨͻһס
ǿѹ˼ԪӲԼľָ߽ס
Сèͷͻ𣿡
³һ, ҡͷʱ򡣡
Ŀڻڳ񣬲ڶɽڱֳ񣬴ĵȼû壬Ҫڿռ䷨ͻơ
ʲô嫿һ˼, ʵ
ͷ, 𣺡룬ʽ쳾, ǲֱӴ硣
Сè߸˦βһ٣Ȼ˦, û˵
״, , Ѿõ˴, ЦŰѰ嫴Ӽϰ, èӡ
ʱҷſյƮ䵽СèϣȻŲ򽭳ԼǲЩס
ôģ綼ܴ죿
ܲǴ·ɡ
èӵûͣǫسЦЦðɡ
øƨҳ˳۽ǣĸ֡
ϰ߾ͺá

ƲƲ죬Ҳû׷ű˵˽ʣոմЩ̫ףзҪҸضϢһ
ָָͦĸħǱߣƱöħԼŰɣ˾ֱϵҡ
˵̧׳һԪʾ⽭ˮȻת׼뿪
ʱ
ŸˮҵӡǣûˮҾǰֱ㶵ȥ
һһè
ʱ䣬ҵȥһ̣Զһŭ𣺡ס֡
Ӷңŭ֮ת˲
Ϳһһ³嵽ԼǰȻǿзסԵҡ
˽סҺ˿̧ͷŭɽͺȻҶ֮ˣ㱨
һ޵İߺ󣬶˶٣޹ε޹ء
޹أЦˣŭĿԲɣ̧һ͵סһ˸ߵĴ󴸣˵㵽˭
ŭ壬ƫᣬʽʱż֮⡣
΢΢ü˵ˣ޹أ֤𣿡
ЦһһַסңһеĴ󴸷ңڵһڰУ׳Ĵҳ˼ֲ
ɫ
һ֣Կռ֮Ϊס
ϳ£˭
šüͷ̫˷ʱ䣬Ƴһۣתˡ
վסҪߣ󺰵˾ܣûţ
һַסԵңһ߿ٿ
嫲ͷػͷˣɵû꣡
üù˵ȥֱӽ
úһû۾ĴɵӾ
ι
׷ᣬŭվס
ʦ֣һ£ͬʱԶĺ
ü²һ٣Ȥ˹ȥ
ҲͷػͷŭֱˣôĥʲôٲͰ˷ˣ
˱ɫһ࣬ز˵
˵ûߣܿ˵ͷѹĴǡ
˼ջߣԶԶһۡ
ĵطǸСȻӴȾȻҲš
˳Ķȥ
ȣǿߣΪ颣ĿǰλյһλĳԱԸԴԸ֪֮Դֻϲսǿߣշ
շ
΢΢üе⶯
Сܵ뷨ȲᣬӸոжĳֱֱ򽭳
һ٣һδֱֱǶҵһָĵطȻͣס
Ҳûϵ˵㶣Ȼߵ㲻Ҫ֤𣿸ҿˣ
һ£ոձ˦ļ¼ˮֱڰãͶ档
һɽУסܵƬΡ
ʱһں˶ս˸ֲһºɻ
࣬ҲΪҪ֡
ڶǸոհһβͰҶսȺĻ棬һ˲䣬ûǰԶ϶Ҫˡ

̲̾ס̫Ѩ
İɫСèŵطһۣߵʶģɵӣϹӣߣݲҲգ
ǸСʵ׺ϼͷôɵӣʮɨˣ
˭Ҳ֪Ϊʲôε£˵һپҲûá
һɵӵŭӻһĻ̥İ㣬ҲʧȤϹǾ֤ݡɡ
˵꣬Ҫߡ
۾ɵüܻ߳ŭվס
ͷˣֱ٣ˢһʧǰ
ࣿ
Ȼףٷѿ࣬˷ʱ䡣
ȫ٣ȿ׷ȥ
ŽǰʧֱףţСүҳץ㣡
ʦ
죡㻹ûˣʦ֣ȶȻջߣһĿԲϡ
˻һ£û˵ֻһ˫ȭͷԽ߬Խ£ֱ
ͼֹԼŭȷסңȻһһȦĿڲԶͰϣ۾һ
ɨոսʧķ򣬰޵ҵţұҲҪƳ
ҪǰѵħŰһ£󲿷֡
һǿµɱӵʥͽ
һͼⰴħԭȹκ̫ٱŴɣ
һԿʥͽķ֯ˡ
ȵתͰȥСںɱһͶϵĶɽǿߣǱ߿϶ݲʱȫħ׷ɱˣ
ɱ˿ˣȻסӲʵü
⵹ˣ˻Ǻһ·ġ
ͻȻͣ¿ʼ˼˵˰Լ˵
ˣˣ˵Ⱦź»
ǡԲ죬˵ʲôȴȱº޺޴ס
ȷס뿪ԭغݺݶţһǣйˣ
ʵһ۽뿪ķ򣬶ȥļöħ۵ĺܣȵƤӵʲôֻܺ޸ȡ
ѲˣȺҲˣˣûкöã
˼ˣɫ𴽽ǣЦġ
ħ
ħʱʱһӣոյһӣִħʱòȵ㣬̧ͷͿǰųɴˡ
֪ħֻ·һǲһصˣ
棬Ҳһ
Ѿ˴ռ䣬֮ٳһվڶĵȴ
ԼĪʮ˵Ķܿϣһħ
֮ǰĮеظħþܾ/󣬲Ҫֻֿأһ
ֻأ
֪ΪΣػ䣬ʶͷһȺ彩Ӳüͷ
һȣħ
ǳǰܣԿ˻ء
л˵



146 ӣһѺۡ
˵޼Ԫѹͻ, ӶﵽĿģħǷ֮
ħ󣬽ʱĵһ, ɫâ
ϤòϤͶһ˲漴ʼһʹ·ĶȻǿӲ˽
סͷ, һֻͼ, ȴڵء
˼ǻҵġ
ͶΪʲôһζסԪ
֮УĬ̧ͷ, ǸϤӰ
ơţĿԽЦݡ
, ȻڵԪȫʧڵĵȼˮ
΢΢üȻڵĴ
Ƕعɥʧĵط
ͬǶģļ㣬ơվɫ, ؿ
ɱ㡪
ơζǰ, һһصһһ򽭳
ֱ, ͷһƫ˲Բ, , ڿ΢΢š
Ѿȼ, ȼ, Ͷѹĳֽ, ʮֻĿ
һ㣬һͬɥʬƣ
ţȼĶͻֱӳ
㣬ʱԱʱ䡣
ʵʧ߻𱻶ᣬ֮ϵҲ
ʧȥԭȵһУֻܿԼ
ڵͶ࣬ٶһ㣬޷ʱյĵز
Ȼ£ɾ̫Բ·ˡ
ֱӱۣԪһת
ԪѾ˿״תͬϸСԼ⡣˵һͶľ飬һβٷЩ۰ˡ

޼½
뿪ĵڶʮ죬ĸ
ʱ򣬹ۼҸϷɢǰǣȫء
ʼû뿪ڵһһγõĽҩش½½ҩľμΪٷ֮ʮ
дʮˣڼ½ƲҲ̲סŭ
غһӺǿбԼ侲
һĹۼҳҡҡͷڣʼȻûʤ㣬ʱ䣬ܹҳ
һЦǰҲڡ
ۼҳϳǣûƽϣ鷳ҵذ½תСֵܣ½ҩѾȡ˺ܴ
û˵ڻĵȡһѪתߡ
ǰ֧Ԯ뿪󣬹ۼҳϿԼһƬǽ壬ٿٺȴʼջ㱵Ҵǡ
̾һֻܺһѻ𽫺󷽼彨մ
ۼܼλϣȫΪɽǿߡ
Ƿɢķ˾ܱ⣬һж޾ȵһѡ
ʱİ׼ңŸٵڡǰļѾԽ뿪ĵĸƷ
뿪ǰֻ׼ҺŸûŪһȺڵĶԸ֮ͣȫȫƽҩʱ䡣
ʼɡΪΣ֮Աǣ
ԱԲʮݲһúõس½֮ɫ䣬˭Ҳ
ڵУ֪Һ⣬ʱɵ˺ͷֻܱӦС
ǶرͬһڡۼҡҩѸϣټͬ˽ⶾصҳ¡ضҡᡣ
̻ᡢͽ𹫻ȫȫԸ½޶ҩ
ߺ󲻹̶죬һ½𣻵죬ڶ½𣬵ʮ졢ڶʮ졭
͵ʦоĶѪҺӣҩȴңң
ڣشųɹʸߴٷ֮ʮϢĵҩͷһμϣ
·ϲ֮˹ȥ
۰һѷסüȥϢ
˼Ѹٻعо״̬ҡͷһܳš
ķܻش۰ֱһưΣȻ󶪸أȥЪᣬٳȥ˶ûˡ
΢΢򴽣ӦˣסϢߡ
۰ҡҡͷתڻࡢʱ֡ӳתȦҶִȥϢ
໺ҩģ΢ƵʣǲҪ뿪ˣ
뿪ǰĻټضϢһ
۰ҲҪһҩۼǱ̫ˡ
Ȼ
ﶼܳ£ۼҡ
һҩΪλҩ£½ҩĶתοⶾ
۰ۼʵǿˣҩĵҲǷǳܵУ½ҩ˽չѡһʱصҩ
ǰ۰ضɫľӡ
һľһ֣һ۰ءһ
࿴ľϵ֣üʲô
ͬüס۰أ˼֡
۰ֻǰڰ֣Ц˵Ҫҵľˣ˵ۼʧˣҲ֮ǰҾԻҩȫˣһҲ
أ
۰ض˶٣Ц翣ľ˵Ļ˵ֻܿԼ˰
˵͸֣ת뿪ˡ
Ҳջߣ˵ע£ĬϢ䡣
ӳҿ
ʱ̧һ£ȥϢָ֮Ӹæ
Ŷӳ͵Ӧ£ЩƵߡ
˸ޱؼص¯ǰſģʦֲ£Իģ֮ǰһҲܵ
ԼϾһ㣬˵һʮݽҩҩģͷҲ̧Ŀơ
۰һߣնǰ⼸λĵĶ໥һۣߵԼĸλϡ
ˣ˼ڽϵϣʣںصķߡ
ҩѾã˶þͳɴﵽٷ֮ٵĳɹʣǲ߲ݣҲҪŵɹ졣
һж֪顣
ڵһȼʱǿɵڵͶΪá
Ԫݽߡûٻ
ƾеƣΨһʤ㣬Ƕء
ڳɱơ󣬽ܵͶѾĴֲ̧ϵѪޱ֧塣
Ľ£һذ׶Ƶĺϡ
ơɴۣͫ׿ʼɢȴһ仰Ҳ˵
ġơһۣ֡
ذѪķ
ơ͵ϮذףΨһսƷҲΨһ
ذױһ̣ǰһпʼŤɢ
ʵĹâɢȥ΢΢ۡ
ķնǰధеСèԼСèֳֳ޳ħйߵʱ
ʱƵĸ࣬Ķӣԭļ̳ˡ
ָϽ͵δ󣬱ʢȣҴϱȳʱ
ͻȻļ䣬ǰ˴ڡ
ֳֳ޳Сèˣ΢ҡ
ԣʱ˰嫵ľǰˣ

СèѾƤʹ
ŭʶǰһͬһʱ䡣
ոƶԾʱµ˻ϣʵ˽ףǽ𵤶ס
ʱʵ
ʱЦ󣬲ſ˼Ľɫһ䡣
ĹѾʹһסͶٻԪһʱǼ򵥵飡
ޱĻӿʱ
ʱ޿ɶ㣬һֱͷϣ˲
Ѫ˽ۡ⣬ѾȾһɺ졣
ʱɱСèڰؽлһ
ſлѪҺЩ㱣СèƵĽĶߡ
Ӳضӣ֣뱧ƤСè䣬ǰĳȴȻһ䡣
Ť˲䣬Ŀĺɫҫۣ΢Щ
һΣвɽɫأ㡣
ǿнţвɽ㡣
վԭأͫ׻תһ£ϣ𽥺
ɱ
ɱ˽Ҷ𣡣
㡹ŭ󺰣ʮӳ򽭳ɱڣӳѪأȥֻʣ궯ĺɫ
ǰ֣һɫĳС
Ľֺͣһ˲䣬Ȼԭʧ
ꡪ
ϣѪڽ½ϡ
ҵӣһλ
λ
λ
ֱѪȾء
ɱ¶ֵ󣬽ޱ𳤽ŵϳɶѵʬ壬ͫƬ̵Ļɢ
ۣ뿴ɽʬ壬ȴӲӡ˫Ѫ졣ҡҡͷͼԼһ㣬ȻŽһһǰŤĿռߡ
ߵĹУǱ⻺棬ȾѪɽѪգȵѪڽϣȻһһΣȾݻƵĲݼ⡣

޼½
ʱһ
һ꡹ͻȻæµڽҩеĻһ٣ѭ̧ͷ۰µľϡ
ӣһѺۡ


147 ôΨһһɹ߳ħߡ
ӡ
Ѻۡ
͵һ, һץľƳϢ䣬ҵغ
ոմӵ¯Իʱƣһָ̧
ɻͷ, ࿪˵㿴ǿϵѺۡ
ǡͫ
طǡ
һڵءסӲԼס, һ, 侲ȥʱɳϣ
ۼ˵ıƣ飬ζŵӵʧ, ûľֻһ
ľƣֱš
Ȼ, ʱţۼҵλҲڡ
æؼȻֱӰѽľƵݸǣǣıľˣ
ѡ
ʱ΢, סľϵѺ, ȻԵĹۼҴ϶һۣǿ˶Էеء
ۼҴҲ, ȷСһǽħ𣿡ʶ߬סľƣȻͷȷ, ڵĴԽħͨ
⡭ۼҴָ̧, ü, пǱǿ塣
̧ͷ, ʵħ, ʲôǿǵĵط𣿡
⣬͵ü͵͵ȡԪᵼǿ塪
ֻ˵˶̶һ䣬Ϣмֲȡ
ôᣡ
Խǰ׻޵ʵڵħҲڶǿ߲Σôô˿У
ȱ𼱡ʱɿڰοȫ壬Ҳѿһ죬˵ֻǿԪ뷨ǿٳ뻹ǻ룿
١̧ͷˮЩް˿һطܳ
ʲôط
ħ
֯дս޵ߣֹһλԱħնʬ޴Ľ֡
ֻһλɥʧ˱ԼΪӳħĳԱѾ־壬ȱ˽һ룬Ӵɥʧٴ
ѣ˵Ѿʼ塣
ǳ壬սʧܵʱ̡
͵侲ȥһڡ

ħš
ĳϽ
ڸߵͽĿʯٴ󣬲ȵʯȺеһÿʱ͵ͣ½ŲɨһȦ˫ֽӡ󷨡
ɫâ粽ֱӲдӵһƽ̨
âһ˸ƽ̨轵˲ʧ
Ƿ֯˵ĺľۼ㡣
չԽ⣬λֻΪߴ඼˿Ӫ
һǲӵĵзһڷ֯˵˵Խվ
һǰȴŻԵҷʱϵΣһ
һѹʼջԲѣ޲ߣΣֻħŷ
ķֲţ񣬲ˣҲ׸ҵ
Ϊ˻ң˿νǽͷöæòɿ
һδ޹ϢȵƢֱӱըѹŭɭ㱨ֱӳѵԪ˳ⲫƴй
ȴɵؿڿ㲻ǰɣ㲻ҪһҪ
ƢõسһۣȻй£廹ûѣҡ
ҪǵǸ˴Ҳûôˣ
ˣ߶Լϴ˵ˣʱûʲô󰭣ֻǶʱѲѡ˶Χ˹ħ½һˣھƲ̫ȣǰĴţʱȥˣ˵ͺأ
ҳԼͷû˵
˼״һۣ뿪ڼ˵ʱѵӺһ
ס׷׿ȥ
Ǹѵ˳ӿʼ⣬Ǻһ㣬âʮֹɵĽ˸
ǡһ˲ͫѵ
ôˣЩ¡
¿پۼʱӾˣڴ󲿷ΪĵӾȻγɵģûйע
ϴŽġ֪üڣô꣬ûֹʲô
ԣ׷ʲôɫ䣿
Ҷһۣɻ
ܲȷһķ䣬ֹס£ϴ󣡳ˣϴ󡪡
Ӧ
˳صһۣʲôϴæһޣող£
ǿɲСͷͷǸ
˵ɣֳʲô¶˷ֽŴϣתŭ
ȴͷɵѵˡ
ʲôͫô˵
չϵķֱڵקһĳ䣬ϴˡ
죬Сֹ˵õĲϴء
²һ䣬ֵסķţ˽ȥ
˳Աнʮˣ٣ܽӴĻܽݵĳԱֻвһǧˣܽ䣬ϴµģ²ˡ
ﱲСʵ͵һλҲ˵һϳԱ
֪ɭϴǸӵӳ̶ȣһ˷Ӧͳ˹
ˡ
Ϣһ㣬ÿһλĳԱߣܸۼ˶ˡ
ѵʱɭѾá
ħŵĶվûĥƽϵǣɭϥǰ˫գɢ޷Զ
ãüĿĴֲŻƽ͡
ϴô
˼״׷ΧգҲգؿɭ
ǿǼǵãɭħŵĿľйأȻ֪ĿģⲻɭʮһյĵȺ
ɭֱеûɢȥ֮ۿɼѪƣ
ãųͷһ˿ȣˡ
ʲôˣȲѯʡ
֪ǺӺ˶á
ħŵԿסɭֳŵأЦЦǸλͨԿס
Կף
һ㶣ֵɭϴλػˣ
ǰɲǰɲǰɣ
λػҵԿףⲻҪ𣿣
һȺ˵ɴۣɭ˳ǣЩģǡ
ûˡһؿڣεתϴæҾȳ˹
ȷɭᵱ˦ƹһ˶˿Цеسˡ
ɭ
ⶼЩʲô˰
Ⱥٺ˹ϴλػ˿·𣿡
ȻСɭƳһֲۣλػˡ
գգۣɻΪʲôħԿף
Ϊɩӡλػˡ
ɭĬĬϢ骣ɫһȣһ񡣡
ֱ/ϴ˵֤񣡡
ɭָָͼָϵͼһͷȥš
˳ָȥв죬ħ
ԡ׵ЯħԿ׵ˣħ
üͷһ壬òԣħܹ𣿡
ɭ򴽣֪ܱ̾äĿȥúã˴г鷳֪ͨһ
û⣡
ȿӦ¡
ЩҪȥһʹ˳ħǱ߶ţҲûʲôӰ졣
Ӧ¾ͳȥˡ
ɭԲǸ˷
֪һﵽȥͶϹܵж١
ɭ˹漴Цֵ磬Ұħļ¼ˮ򿪡
ţӦƵӺ󷽣һ¡
ӣʵħԿ׵ĻûħԿףֱӶӦħ`
Ҳħžôúɭ֪ħħԿ֮Ĺϵ
Ͼڴ֮ǰûλػ߻Կ׽ħš
뽫ħż¼򿪺Щԥɭϴ߳𣿡
ɭħʱȵĵһˣҲɭĿĵˣ̫֪ɭʧٵħԿ׵ִˡ
ɭҡҡͷɫأ֪
ϣ̫ãˡ
ȥʮţɭҲûȫ˵İա
ο⼸ŷһ顭
ħħԴ
仰˵ħȡߵħħսħ
ħĦԿṩάָͨ
ɭʱѾ̫ˣԺ֮ħҲֻܸԤ˵ˡ
Ҳǵʱɭ׿Ϊʲô
ڵĿĲΧ¿ѰԴ
û´ôΨһһɹ߳ħߡ


148 ͵öԿס
תǰʱ, ħϣһδ֪Ĺâм䴦˸˸ע⡣
͵µŵĲݸ, һգգĿǵâϵߵ
ﰥϷ
վϸϸǵ⡣
ħд˵Ǳ
Ǳﵽ׼, ҲŹ˵һ , ħͻ˵Ĺâ 
Ĳ˵ſһû⡣
֮ǰ˵ǼΣҲϨ, ôҰ׹עһ
δҿǹâҲͼһӣ漴һƨ/, ʼɸ¡
ҰҰ죬뵽ɭǸӵ쳣ܾ洳صûô򵥡
ͽ˸£һһ߶ħ
ħ˵Ϣ˲䴫ħš
ѵӿԹ۲ħڴߵĹؿ, ɭϲĹâ, ĬעƬ̣Ȼ侲һ, ۣ״̬
ͬ鷢ڵħϲո緢ҽ, ͷɴ˸ҽ, ͷջĹ, ⰵ
Ƭ, Ų, ûٹע
ոͨʼؿˣĻڡ

ӿħڣɳɱ¾У޷԰Ρ
Ӷعɱơʼ֪Ѿħϡ
عţҡ
ǻδҡ
ֻǿһӰӣĵӿѪȴҲѹȥ
һɱ¾Уȴ·Ʈ˰գۿԼһС
֪⣬ƲסԼ壬ʼų⣬Ȼٵǡ
硣
ЩѪ·ĳħľ˼άľй١ֱľ塣
ⲻ
ͼֹͣɱ¾еĳȴԼʶѾǽٿɣɿƽ
һʱвãɴ۾Ժ嫡
ɱǰ嫵Ļû壬ɳ⣬·ԴͷضڰǱߡ
һ̣˺ܶͷ
ΪʲôЩ뿪ħˣɥʧԼΪۡ
һͬħϵͷӿĴԡ
Լ
ԼԼޡ
ȥ嫡

͵ۣͫ˸ţոһԼĴڸԼָ
嫣
Բܡ
߬˫ƣؿסɱ¾԰ʼĳ
嫣ѹ
嫡
˻ͼħµĽ
ܾɱ¾ܾ/󣬾ܾЩ޿ײɡ
һþһ˿ǿɡ
ǰһǰɫ䣬һ·ɱ¾ȫʧΪɫӰ
ǡ
ǰˣɫ䡣
۰أ
ٿһȦֻʶվǰˣЩͬװʣۼˣ
ЩؿھȻˡ
һͷת˲䣬ոձѹȥĿһηӿѪɫգ޾ɱ¾

ֱ彭ͷҲƲס˻
һɫӰѸǰϢؿȻѸ͵Ĺ
˫ͨ죬߬סҪɵ֣һҵĹпٶ
˺һһֻ㲻۰ءȴ֪޾й򽭳
һƺ߳ϥڵϣͬشϡ
嫣ѹ
ۿЦһعһǼ򵥵ĺ񵶹ϣ˺ѵĿӡ
ıӺػصĽ
ҧأֳŵ󷭹֪ðһǿԿǰɶԵ֡
սȿδн֣߲ݡ

޼½
ϥڱǰһδ߶ħԿס
гֵڶѷľƣң̲ס̧ͷ骣ɹ𣿡
骽򴽣û˵˼ʮȷ
ۣЦˣֻˡ
骴˼Ƭ̧̣ۣҼѪ
ɣָ̧ԼģѪҺ䣬ԪİƮ骡
骽ӹֱӵħԿϣȻöѵľƣ̨ϵıס
ɻʲô
骴𣺡ħԿ׵÷кܶ࣬һ÷ѪҺҲѪܻܲѳԻӣѳͬʱȥֻè
˵ţ骿ף˰׻Σ°׻ıԴ֮ߺһ
һ˵ʵҲûаգİ취ˡ
մѪԿ׺ͽıľƱһͬУ骴߶ԪһͼԿףȻվһԣעűף֪Ǵ˿̵벻
ԣˣˡ
һΡ
߬ȭڵȥһħ𣿡
骲üȷڻûŪ֮ǰôģȥһΣһ¡
Ǵ½ûϣˡ
ᶨҪȥöԿ׶ϣȥɭһѣ˵ϣ
Ѷ骱㲻ٶ˵ֿ̧ħͨĿһνħš
ٶȼ죬ħͨܿرա
ϥڱǰԪɺ޶ħԿףþú̾
ħ
в֪ΪŬѾȫԼ壬ȻԽһĻ
ҪЩ֮ˣΪԱʹ֡
ңڡ۰ء˵Ĺ¼˽һ졣
Ǹⲻˣ붯֡
ʼ޷Լɱһ㣬Ҳ޷סԼĸ飬Щ׺ѵⱻ޷Ŵнơ

ŭԼ
ôȥͲܲܳħûзɱ

һ³ΪԼĹƶڲ֣һ䣬˸󵨵ľ
ѹõٶ
˫˲ͨ죬˫ֹסķϻѪҺĺߡ
ɱǾɱɡ
ţѾһƬͨ죬ƹ̵ҽѪ
ħš
ħǵ߸ĹâѾһڣԭֻЩû̫µڻعصضϻĹâ
ˣ
òųһȻһֱ״̬Ĺ⣿
Ϊ˺ʱ·ħ˶ͣ½Ųעһǵâп֮Աǻ򼵶ʣŤ䡣
ΣѾȫħŵע⣬ԶڱԵĿԼڲ֪ĳķ֯˳Ա
֯˾ۼ㡣
Դѵɭͽеʱ䶼棬ʳסѵ칫ѵС
ѵ˴һʼСɪɪѾϰԼϴĴڣв˴ŵӺɭд衣
ɭһһӦ¡
һµĿʼɭǵڶؿһȴʼͣͲĹâ΢΢̾
ħչħÿһ
ɭջߣм˵ļ¡
һдĳԱӲüЦ£Ȼʼ磬ΪԼǿ΢ЦڵⶼдٴˣԽԽ£
վǰĳԱЦץץͷƽʱϴⲻɵöץ
ɭ˳ǣӦ£ɡ
һͬվһѵ򣬸ƣ˷һĳ̽ͷֱ£ϴϴأ
ɭ̧⡣
۾һϴˣ
һ䣬ɭͫ΢˲£ϲɫ뼤
ʣģ
ɭֱӴ߽ӭײϼܳɭ
ɭֹסŲ
ֻһɭ£Ȼ͵̧˫αסмֲȥˣ
ʧ£ˣҲʱ˵һμɥ˺޹ɭ
ıƻúõĴˣȻ˵ɭǽλĳԱҪ
ɭסû侲ڣԺ˵Կףˡ
ɭĻ£Ļ첽ߵǸǰ
ɭſϼѪĳȹԼеѪ˿ҳ
üһۡ
ɭߵ࣬
ħϵĹâֻܿǽˣԿ˵ľؿ
ȻѾǰſչǰĹâҧؼѪ
Ͻסɭ죬ԿףڴأľѾˣ
ʲôɭһ㶡
һֱûħţһʱûӦ˭
Ƕӡûʱˣ
ɭɫͱ䣬˲µ·ԭУתԪȻע뵽ħԿס
ħԿҪһʱ䣬ļ٣ãѶǿȥϢ
Ҳߺѵ˲Żعһ𾪵ϵĹâ
ҵθԹԡȻϴĶӡ
ϴɩӵĶӣȻǸ̬˵߼¼ɣ
ɶ߼¼֮ǰû˳ɹ
СϹ˵ʲô죡
С˵˼ɻĳԱæ죬СһԿ׵ɭԼĺĺ
֪Ϣļ/ȥֻʣǡ
ħǿǾĵطϴĺӡ

ħԿķ˽ʱ䡣
ʰԼԲ࣬һǸɢɫâӡ
ɭȻۣԪ塣
ɹ𣿡ʵ
ɭ΢΢ͷüˣܸܵһöѾԿףֻöԿмڸңֻܵԿ׳ԿײС

ЦһħУľƶ϶ô߶Կװ
ɭ򴽣ǰѾȴҲΪ

ħԿ֮以иӦ£嫲µõԿ׺Ҳͽ۹ûʲôջ
һħ嫾֪Լͽ֮ϵˡ
ҲܰڽĴռ﷢ơ
ӽʢħԿףҲռ档
£ԿԱߡ
Լ˯ȥԸԼҵȻȫյ֪õĿռֱӰ
ڰԿײ֪ʱʱƤͻȻһԺб˯ȥ
һ·ػصʱڣ棬һ˯ĵϡ
ǿҵĻ˯/ʳ˰嫵ǡ
ӦĴڣ֮Ӱǵķչ
Ӧɱ¾Ǿޡ
̫ƽʢǾ
嫽޴޹޼½ûбƶӰǣȻȻγڰά˼ά
ֻ񣬰嫵ֵס˯г˯״̬˯ȴɽ޶˵ɱ¾
˯ʱմȾѪҲվ/Ϊޡ
嫱֪޾ĳ˯ֱͻȻ壬ǳǳػ˰嫳˯ǡ
¶䣬վһƬ磬ƺһ޵ĺ
˻ں֡
Ѫ
˭
ںҡ
ʶĴƮ
ţƺҵ˷ᶨǴȥԽԽ죬ԽԽ١
࿪ʼ鴤ۣһһʧȥʲôҪĶһ㣬ֻ뽫Ǹҵ
ͻȻٶ壬ʧȥ֧ţƮԭأ¶
ãʼĴƮǿлߵȴڶλع飬׻塣
Ρ
ĴΡ
壬ع飬壬ٻع顭
·һصĹɣ¶ûٶǵÿһλع塣
ȵ壬ڻعϣͣǰߣǰߡ
ʧԭתȦȦɵصһĻع顣
ģϤƵ뿪״̬̽ʸȡʼľʵɱ¾֮⡣
ÿһιɱ¾Ѫ𽥼٣ԽԽ٣ֱѪԶ˯˼άѡ
ڳſ˼صƤ
ĴԻڻ״̬һʱԭأ֪Ǻ
ԶһöԿǳǳطźɫâһһ£ŬƺڰҪâ͵һԵèС
嫻ʶѰΨһĹԴס
ɲǼ䣬ǡ£
͵öԿס


149 嫹
ħ
ǽĵʮ졣
ڷħƺ, Ϳʼ˽ƴĹͣĻֲͣ¡
ĵĹ, һʹɡ
ɣֻʣһڽذףֻϰԶ̹
Ͷذףһδ͸˵, ѪĽ, ڽϡ
ٱۡ
ʱѪιڽëϣ, 䣬ǰֻʣһƬʺ졣
, ذ׵ƻ˵߹м䡣
֣/ԼΨһ
ŷսɱкƲһ壬ǰߡ
һ̣ܿصʵŸ, ɱ, ȾѪ
ʹɣ޷ʤ
ʹ, 嫱ɡ
Ǿһ£Լһ
֪ⷨǶǴ, һ, ֻԼͰ嫺úûȥ, Ȼ̤ƽһͨ·
ѪһӿϺ, ̧, ĨȥѪȻǰߡ
ˡ
סŲСȵزɨȥ
ǳɶѵİʬ壬һƬš
ۣתǰߡ
ˡ
ÿһľײͭӵͣ½Ųеȫʧ
ʮֹ졣
ӿٶȣһһǰ
ˡ
Ƴͭײд쳹Ƭĳ
µȱͭѣ˸飬һ
ס
ഫسԼʶסǺĺ
Թԡ
洳һء
ųһ
ײȥˣɨһȦܲɫ鶼С
Уȥϴ˵һ
£ˣҲܳΪǵĵˡ
˼ˣ˲𣬴Ⱥʧ
չؿ飬ת۱㴫½һԭֻоȶ޶Ե˶һһ·ţϧǧħű߽۽㱨¡
۽˵㱨󣬳壬ɨһԲ˸ĹâȻۣ֪ˣȥɡ
͸˼æͷ˳ȥ
վɽ⣬һͬļ̲סֲ̧˲һŵĺˮһ̲ס۽һһˣôǴȥģ
˵ҲۣԱߵһۣ˶٣С⻰ͺãȻǺ˭ҲȲ㡣
ʼ²۵æ죬һҷ
²۹²ۣˣҲ³ԭ
ϾԪԵȨԪֱʧ⣬˿۽άĻеڶӡ
֮治УȻδ˵ڶ޷ԪĳϵԪص飬Ⲣôˣǡ
˻ɬضһۣȻһԲɢȥ
Ϊʲô˻ԣ˭ܰջԵȨ
˭֪ء
һء
⣬йؿֲܿ
ֻڵĴߣ֪ʲôҹ
ȫ֪Լһؿֻ֪Լǿ֮ĩÿһڵѪ
ͻĽըֱ㶴̵Уһ˲ʧ
ۣǰһо۵׺ΪԼŭһ˲֮ȴֱƽмЦ
Уķ𣿡ͷӣЦһħҲˣ
ӵ˵ѣٵڡ
嫵Ӱ
ǰ߲ɫӰǿڸߴ˸Ľɫ֣һĻмϤ
ͦʱһ̡
Щһ
ԵĵˣǺۺ췢ħİ嫣ǡ׻
ƽջߣ侲ʵָѾܿƵķ˵ͬشûʼ
վǵһӰ岻ܿƵķô෴Ӧ
ֻŵѹ
һɫ
û´ǰӰʵġ
ס
ϾǳΪ·ףҲûʲôˡ
ԳԼʱȻ˼Цħͦ
վԭأ˽еذףִ̧°˺³ƥذεİ֣Ȼץʱ伳ȡܲռϡԪ
ֻǣʱ̫ˣת˲䣬Ĭġ׻ѡ
𡪡
Ϯʶ㣬ʱһۿ෽Ƶأ
ֻǼ򵥵ԪȻôѿôķ϶
⣬޵ʵ
ݲý룬ŵڶֱϮ
ͷ׻ڸһûִ֣µĹýԸƿ
èϷӽǡ
˺㣬ͷǵɫ˫˼ת
룬֮ǰлͶЩ
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߻
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û˼˵ɾ͸ɡ
ҵļһֱֱ򡸰׻ȴڼӴ׻ʱʧ
׻Ķһ٣ɫͫװһһȦӴһ¡
ڡ
׻תһ˲䣬ڲߵĽ̵ӣԪ£ȼյһתۼͺ˰׻ļ
һûзԳ߻ڴ߻ɱ֮Ĵڡ
ʱչ̫ˣ½ιһĵر߻볹ɱ仹ôһء
߻˵˰׻
Ҳ˵˶ѡ
ŭڵİ׻ŭȻת̧һŽλò쪡Ŀ˺졣
оյض㿪ոһֱӽ׻ŭˣµĹҲѡ
ۿһԽԽܼԪԽԽ󣬽ⷢࡣ
èƽûô²һ䣬ٶ㿪ĹǶ㲻ܼ˿ı衣
ֱ۱贩͸/ˡ
˿ڴֱӶѪҺ˶٣øлһ°׻ֹѪ֮
Գؼܵʱһ翵Ǵɽͷ㵴û
ʶͣ٣ϵʹѺŻȻͫ΢嫡
ң㿪嫼
ϲһ߶ܣһ߾ϵʹЩ
ó嫵·һռ䣬ƮᣬֻǷι
֪һ㣬Կ׼ͣҲֻܼɤӺ߻ġ
󣬰嫵ͷһһӴԿףöֱʲôԿףȻҪôԪ
ҪܶԪҪٵʱ䣡
һ߷߶ԿףһߺͽԺ
֮ıԼϵѾָǿ֪Զָ
һ˰嫵ϲ֮ȴ侲ڱУעֻ׻Ķ
׻ֻǱŭŭһԼ˿ڣ˶һԽܼı⣬ûĹ
ûн
Ѱһᣬ߻
ײϱʱ򣬽Ըѿ
ܣеĻȴ׷ŸոײϵǸܣڻԽԽ֨֨ش죬ֱһȫѿЩСıѾڻˮ
Ϸ
߻԰׻˺󣬵ǿԶԿĹ
۾һӴԪ߶棬ĻпһɡΧڵıȫס
Ķ̫˿ڵİ׻תһ۾ͿȼյĻ棬˲֧ӣŭһ
ոսıת˲û˳أȰܻûɶٽǧý̾Ϊֹ
Щź㿪Щ衣
׼ջػ棬嫵ߴգó߻ţԪû嶼ĵر
嫹Ѿͨ˼ֿռƣڿ޼ɵ뽭жԻ
΢ϵϰ嫣߻ɱ裿
ɣҲãһʱ嫶ת˲ʧˡ
ĬĬתͷȼ¿֨ըı裬ܲ͸ĽӰʼžžС̡
ô˵ЩҲι߻

ĪģбЫչؿ䵽ȴޱá
ǰ嫻ˣڲǵһսˣȻ˼һһԳ߻̵Ķ
Ȼһˡ
嫳չһۣһѪȾĺֱţܲȹ˺Լȥ
ЦЦ˵Ըܵ߻ɫ仯
ԭȵĳ߻ƫڣԺ죬ڵĳ߻˼ǳɫĹâĽ߻ԭȵĺкͿ
ǵõʱչʾɫĻеڴԽ˼֡
ۿȰúðϧԼ壬ĥĥͶ˵֮еǳɱðƻֻ˵һʽ滹ʽŵ㡣
İɡƵģЦΪǰԼŪһΪʲô
ֻðƵİ׻ɲҵèϷŪˣô˻ֻضû˼
ʱʱײһײӽϽѪֱӾԻֻӴ󵫿òðŻ
ؼǣΪɰ׻Ĺι߻ԪȷʵڸУǰ׻Ĺ۲Уϴ
֪˽˼룬嫣
Բֻ޹ȻϽթࡣ
ǽٺãԪ׿ݽߺҲǸ嫱첻˵ˣһһԿס
øڽԪݽ֮ǰС
ħԿףʱɭʱߣֻҪʱ
ԿʱԸܵϵĴڡ
ҲѾ˵ϵԶ̰嫸Կס
ûƭڽϸʣԪһʱ˳سµϣߡ
ʱġ׻Ѿɥʧģⶪµĳһ˾޴ĽӰհ㣬ɽ£ҪһŪ
żڱ˵ĳɫ䣬Ѿ̲סһȥ
ֻһ˲ס壬ѾůϤĻС
ûлͷ촽
ǳǳۣʶʧǰֻ˵߸֣Һˡ
˯ɡ嫹ЦЦغš
ֻɨɨϻδɺԵѪʱǽɫͫ׳˳Ȼ󻺻ĺ⣬ա
Сӣð𣿡
ʶģ˪
嫻ûü߽ЩЩ˪ѩڰ׻ǿһ


150 
𡪡
׻޵ζһ, ټĽɫֱֱͫɨ˵Сϡ
̧ǰ֫ز£
󽣽Ƶı˲£
ģ嫵һ䡣
, ոɱݡľƮƮؾײǴı衣
ؽѻʯȴ治ɫ, ؿײ, ڿһӡ
º󸲸˷ԲͬģҲˡ׻塣
嫻ֱֻס, ааһЦ³֡
, 
䡪
˪֮ȫը
׻ը⧲ѩ׵ƤëգۼһƬϸȥܿʺ졣
嫶˶Ǽ⣬ŵЩζЩ,Ϳˣ
׻, ܷŭһһı, Ǳ裬бۿɼġ󡹡
ơ󡹵ˮĻð׻Ԫû, һ, ͻᱻȻ, һ, Ԫڡзġûб, ҲӲԪ൱ɵʽ쳾ٶȽ档
аҲᣬԪ㣬Ųôģû̶ȡ

ðƻðƻ嫵򰵳գɴվû
һ˲֮󣬡б£õİ׻¶˷ܵЦݣɫͫ쳣Ĵȴڡ󡹽Ӵʱס
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׻
Ÿ۾ľȻŰ嫡
Цһĸͣ㣬ðޣȻ֪ôɵܱͣҲ֮顣ңͳޡĹ򲻵ңˣ
ڽó߻ڻʱ򣬰嫾Ͳһ㡣
潭ñι߻Ǿȫȫ֤ʵ˰嫵Ĳ롣
˹һ仰Ҳܡ׻ûް׻ԪȻ
ѪѹƣӲ˵˵ѡ
һ䣬û˼ȥƮɢı˪̵ת˷ȫֻãȻġ׻
䡪
Ȼ䣬رһƬɫʲôˡ

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ﰥ˭̫ôˡ
˭ǴоͶˣ
ǿǰߵĴа
Ⱥˣ۾գգĶǸ/Ƶѡ
ˣ
ˡ
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мǲ֪ĳɹߣħеʷУûκγɹļ¼
׵ȶ˵վĿơ
ҪܵħԿ׻ܵðߴеʲôģ
İߴвµ÷зȴûһ˲µöԡ
Ժ˯һ;࣬۳Ӻ󣬾ͿһƬڰԴ˸İ嫡
գۣԻԺģ
̧ǰ˻Σǵ֮ǰɶ𣿡
仺£ʶ˶ֱۣûһʹЩ鶼ûзһ㡣
̫Ѩʰ嫣ǰ׻ˣ
ƲƲ죬ְУмҪҶ֣ѪѹƣԼͶˡ
̫ĵȼ𣬵ⲻ嫣
嫴һǿ϶
ȦŽԼ߿һŲ¶󷽳ɶѵĽɫâһһ飬񲻻ᶯө棬⡣
ԭոհϵĹЩ
̧һ⣺ʲô
ߴСģֻðƻıԴ֮ǴɹĽ˰ɣȻҲǱ
⡪
ЩһѽɫâЩİߴУ
Ҳûɣϥ£ʼתԪ
һΪڽ֪ĵطɨһ۲ȺвһƬ⡣
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ȻǣǾͲ˼ˣ嫱زܷŹ
ĳ߻ͻƾͲһǡ
ȫߣҲʣ
ɾ۸ˣ
ɪɪĹ⣬Цǿ
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ڵԪڷתһöССİɫŻ棬Ĳ鲻Ըĵߡ
ŹЩɻ󣬵ܹ˳ҲûܵвϢͼСӡ
Сһ·εöڵлȼյĻ磬Ҳ룬ȥ
΢Ӧ˯ĳ߻Զѣûɫͷ롢β͡
뿪Աߴеİ嫣ҵĳ߻ûˡ
嫰ѹд̵꣬ǻеá

һۣ嫾ʵʵ齲һ飬Ĭ˻ûħһģʱҲûܴһأ˵֮ץǡ
ӻּһ˵Ͱǿչֵ쾡¡
ͨԵħֱֱӻꡣ
Ͱһ죬ʪ͸壬漴һҡض
۾һһռ䣬Χһоͻ˸ӣħԱһ
ˮ°ڣĬĬ嫡
һͷʪİ嫣Ҳ̫ˣ
Цãһ޶ס嫵󣺡ˣȻҪѹˡ
ƲƲ죬ԶԶһһ۵ҹȥ
ʪģ·̫ܣֱӱè˳ëϵˮ˲䡣
̧סһֻ⣬͸ɲҵèëǶѸٴĺΣ΢Цˮϡ
ʪܵСèء
èﴧ˴׼뿪һİϤĵ𡪡
ħţΨһˣð񴫳С
ħţΨһˣð񴫳УϣȫŹ١ȫṬӡǡ
Ƶһһ۵żЦȫ˽ϲ
ͣϣЩȣѸٱ۳δ
ϴλ뿪ȥħͨ޹󣬽ûô̤ΨһһʹҲֻǽЩжĵͽӻ
ҲڽʵʵΪıԼڿﳩͨˣʹ졣
һܵΪȻͬĴ
һƬڵĵһȥ̺졣
˰жӵһƬض⣬ĵطҩģҩģϷɵģܵģˮεģǿץ뵤࣬ﶼС
ССϣµˮ΢һֻͣŤС
Сƽζ𲻴ֻڵԪӳ֣ʺԪ
Ť㣬ַŵ˻Сèߡ
СèߣĬҰҰ죬۵û޲ݺóԡ
޲ⶫ͹ȥˡ
ЦԷǣٶŪһ޲嫡
ڰˡ
˳мĽһ·ߣڶ㣬Ṭ
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ǽҲûܹôϡ䱦Ĵ̼˴
̧޲ͷɣװһˡ
һɡ
ź֡
̧̣һ°嫵èӣ޲ݡ
Ṭܹ㣬Űĵطʧȥ˴ŵá
ڵԪɼߣħŵ屶޼½Ľʮ
Ǹĺõط
߹һ㶾ٺͶ㹬ʮ⡣
ʣһ㣬ħſ˵һ㡣
ƮڰеСţԾȥ
㣬ЩϣһƬڣżܿӣʲô
ǿǿ廳Сèɻжô
嫴𣺡Ƕϼһѣûɶġ

λһֱ˹Ϳ˽ˣ
Ȥ̧ȣĿĵƬڰš
û̫ãڰеĵǹһγһֵ·ꡣ
˳·ͷ߹ȥպͷֱֱײһƬʵǺУǺӽۣ
ǡ
죬̫ȷ
ǳתЦҶͺá
쳣ƣһģһ
˶٣΢΢ףǰ
ǳδǵĵ𣿡
ӡǣȻǵá
ӵӡǺֱӽΪߣȡ𣿡
л˵


151 ӡǣ
Ļ, Ĭһ˲ʵȡӡǺֱӽ𣿡
ȻƮƮģ޼½λ޷ѹ, ȡӡǺͻƣֻһʱѡ񡣡
ֻһʱ䣬ҲǾ˰ɣʱ뿪޼½
ҡڻǹĿ, Щ鶼ûŪ, ôܶ뿪½
˰񴫳Уֻʱ⣬ڡ
תǳȻĬ, ٶȶЩû뵽ϾܾĻᡣ
ͷ޲ݵİ̲ס̧ͷ,˵Ϲزˣ㻹бҪ̽𣿡
è
תǳҲƺһǶȣƫ嫡
嫳ԱƵ˭˵õӡǾҪȥ㵱𣿡
ʱ·ͣһֱ̣ǳд͵͵Ц,Ҫô, ҷǵ⡣
Ʋ죬
΢΢ü⻰˼ոҲǸ飿
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ӡǣ
ѾĿǷΧ֮ˡ
Ƭǳòк, תҪߡ
ЦƮ˳ˣСһոֻǰ̽һ£һаǱӡǵȨ޵ġ
ǳһƮתǰӡǵòֹǳô򵥣Ļ˳Ȼͻƺߴмӳ֣ǿ¡
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ꡣȷе֣ڣǿʹһӡǣάּ߼𣬲ǻ˯һꡣ
ʹá
ĸֺǳڽǰʧƬռ»عڰƽ
ȥٵĶƫͷèӣɻǰıʲô
èԴ˼һ⣬Ҳ֪
ʧЦ
ﵢһѾΧȺڡ
˰Ͱ̧ͷ͵˳һչݡ
Ȱȣȵ̫ˣҲû㷴Ӧ
ΪشһԱ̲סһ·Ĳӡ
һۣɴ˿ţһ²ӣ⻺⾱׵ѹ
֦Ҷïͦߵģ뽭վʱȥֻõ⣬·صȺ
µƶ٣ûֱǱߴܣѰ˸Ƕȣ£׼뿪
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ŲĴƣȻ̧ͷһ۾Ϳ˴Ӱ
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ݡ
Ļ쵰㣡ȱһͳ嵽ǰ׼ץ׽顣
żŸոմ棬ʹһŭ𣬻һ٣ȳ嵽ǰʱڣŷ˼
ǡǰźҧгݱ׵˼һ£ȣ
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Բһ֮ڣأȥľȥġ
Ȳڿоʹ˸ģֵĶסĽҪ
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˵ҵˣ
ǰ֧ԮļɫͱˣΪױ˴λߣ뱨š
жţ治ɫֺǺǵصҽн

üֲħǿߵ棬ĪЩ졣
Ȼ˰񴫳Уʵ񴫳ǿѹ˻۷壬ڶϼλɽǿȻ
ܿ͸ĵȼȻ˵Ҷе죬ûвΪеĸ߶ȡ
ͷһˡǰ๵򽭳żв
ˣԪƴ
סСè˹΢Ц·ɡ

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èһ޹ЦݣûǶ֡
ۣ׳һӣԶԶӣǾ鷳ӲԼ޵ϡ
һһʮ˳ӡ
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Ц÷ɣ߽ǵǰʾԼĳ⡣
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ȻΪ׵İҲٶ£һȣ㻹Ҫߵ𣿡
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ͷֵǾһȥɣҲˣϴǱ߻Ҫ´
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֪ˣκûȥ
ƲˣҲ뿪ˡ

һĬĬŵĽ۾һ䣬Щġ
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ЦúܿģʣҪħصˣ
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һһ·ƮĳŴֱӻͷһ䣺ˣ
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һ·˺ܳʱ䣬ȵеһдѣκ󣬵ä޲ȡ֣˽
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̧ǰһ¡
˼ǣһʵ
ȾĪ˼ɫһڡ
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ŲϷڵĻɫâʲô֢״
ԣ΢΢ü㲻֪
̯֣治֪
ȷ˸ۣ㲻֪ƨۿεƱ磿
ƳһۣϣǸɵӰɡ
ȣ
ȱŭ㶼ǽ˻ң
ҿһۣ΢΢ü
һĴҴ˵ȣȻ򽭳鷳Եһ£Ҫȵ֢״һ㡣
˳ӵϥ£ΨһĹڵͷлл
壺
˵߳ȥ˽ˡ
ڰˣŶڵĹ⣬ЩΣ˲Ǹɵӡ
Сèһ㲻ʦĸ⻰
ȡһתƻ⣺㵱ʱע𣿡
û嫷˸ƤƣʱһĶϡ
ʱҲˣΪֻε
һһèһۣһͬü
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èӣЩڵʱȥħˡ
ѵ
ɭѾħЩ֪롣
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ħԿҲԪˣǽȫĿԸ
Ĭ
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ɭ΢ԿףȻȵߡ
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ץסԿףȻɭһͬˡ
ɭ΢΢üģ
һԲѣ¶죬ڿҵ
л˵
ס


152 ףɭ
֪ҵ, ĳԱһ֧׹¶޲ֱӳйߡ
嵹Ǻ侲, 𶪵һߣҸоЩԣ˲ңҲǵ׽, Լϵ, ھͰֵַĴڵ棬ʲô
ɭĶ΢٣ȣȷʱµ𣿡
üʱǱǸ, ˵Ҫ壬ϻ, ҪƼ˵ˣҲ屻͵Ϯļ¼ˮҾҪ塣
һţ㲢ûۼ֣
һĬĬͷ, ż⻭ȦȦ,û
ɭ΢΢ҡͷû, ҲûйѯʵΡ
壺𣿡
𣺡ԪӤ۷ǿߣԼֻè, ֻ˵н
ʲô͵, ͫײ, һգգضŰ塣

ȥΣ
ֱӳѵ, βסļ
ɭһԲں, գۼʧǵѵ㿴ңҿ㣬һ¡
ǰβŻع
ЩϤ
һǲʧ䰡ϴĶӣ

١
ѵͬˮͣȫըˣзӦѸٵѾ׷˳ȥҪһ̫үķɡ
վԭصȣ
ֱɵˡ
ǽһ·˳̾תҪ뿪ѵǰһȼ򣬡Сӣҿ
ȣ
۵һ޳
˵Σλǿߺõܽҵ
ʵҲûʲôܽģһ仰ԲѣеĶòˡ
ĵҩʦҲпܵ»˯ԭܽһ飬ųǲݵ
Ͱ嫶һۣͬʱ뵽֮ǰ
Եħųºһֱ˯ѣҲֻ֪и֪ĶʯڣΪֹûŪǶʯɵԭ
ʱʣֱϰɶʯؼڵĶʯǿɵҲͲ֮
ǿ״ʱһޣǲǣýȥС
Ͱ嫺ϼһûһĵξͻȻٵĽŲ

ţڶԹĵ·ֻʣյĻص
˻۾һվ
ĴѭţɭѾ׷һסһһȥ
ɭѶһˣӺ󷽴ҴҸϣ嵽ɭǰ·
󣬺ƺƵһȺ˺ڰĶǰһŲ¿Ȼɭϵ档
ͷϲʤյü䣬ס
ȻԱ߿˿䵽һȻˡ
ĵһʽӣ˶Ĭ࿴ţû˵
ȫŽſţֲ˵һ㿴ҿ۾üëŤøһ

̫ү
ϴĶӣ
Ǵħģţ
ҪˣǰѾģ

һȺ˵Ϸ̫ӣ˻ܽӵסϷ÷
˳ĬΪڼɳƵĺԱߵˣѽ򿪡
ԱߵİӦ˿ˣ
ȻɫĻʧˣ붼룬ֱ˲Ƶֹ࣬סЦݡ
˷ֻ֮࣬а壺
ֽĵΣҲۿӲԼϵġ
嶢ŽǻûüɿЩ¡
ȫûעЩϸڣֻ˵ɣ޲÷ȥѽȫһ䣬Ž·ϻûüĴƬѪգ۽Ƿ죺ˣߣȥ䡪
æֹЦõûˣԼеҩֻǳû·ѣЩͺˡ
ǲģҿһۣβǸ˵ĺõطסֱۣߡ
һԵıӵɭԼϱȫǺ滹һˣԽԽԶԽԽԶ
ˣôĴζŶ
Уֻа̧ĨһץסȺеʦҵԪʧЧˣ
ʦֺǺǿԼϴЦ˸ۣڰֵ˵ƨǸҸƷ
岻˵ˣֱѹסʦͽ뿪ķҡȥ
ϰô
ϡޱ
ʦͷƳһۣˣ˵ĻֱӾͱߡ
ˣ֣һɣ㻹˵ûʧЧ
ܣܣ
ʦ۾һɣߣӾ׷ȥﻹ߶߶Ķô⣡̫ү⣡ԣ
һ׷˳ȥ
ԭأпʦţƣȻ͵һɭѱЦ
ɭޱɨһֱۣȣ첽ߡ
ɭϺѾɭ棬½ǿŽڴϡ
εرۡ
һֱﴧֵСè˵޺سҡβͣʮ̬
һСèϷʵ޴үҲҪһ̵ֱ״̬𣿡
СèĽһɿһ۱۾˵ĽЩ
ĸҪҪÿζϵװɣ
ϵ׾ͳˣ˳˺ɫ
ЩŲŲŵڽ˯
ë׵ʸУ΢΢𴽽ǣм˯ˡ
⣬ŵعϷţŻͰ͸ںһβˡ
˳üŪָۣһԱڵϴ׵ɭ
ɭޱģһЦִ̧򣬡ôӵĴ׶ԡ
ɭĿϵɫ綼·Ƶú˸ȣ˵
Це֣һȺ˵յĴϢ
ʮض裬ȻСɭɥڰ治֪˭
û˵Ҫ׷⡣ɭ̧ɨһۣҾµȺ˴ֿһ顣
Ѿ˹ضȺ˽˵飬вûзʲô쳣˵м⣬ҪεĵС
ȷһܳȥ¡
ʣµͳһг˺ڴ
֮ǰһֱĽȫĶڸɭԿףûô֮ǰ顣
ᣬԼѽ޼½ϵľ˵һ飬ص޼½ֽ¡
޼½ֻǵħŶԽλйģϴһ˶λߡ
ͨͨ˵һ޼½޹أǱңȻͿǱй
ֱüѾôˣ
½ϵֵĿܾͲ˶ܵˮƽаҼ
˵⻰ʱɭ
ɭɫ˳з籩ۼ
Ĺϵȷʵͬˮ𣬵ϾͬͬԴԼϵΪ£Ҳɵŭա
ܹ
ܵȼԵУ𵤵ȼû˼
ܶӦԪӤȼһ˼ܲٿܣʵս뻯ǿߴƽ֡
һڻڵȼ
ôҲûһܣǶܾͷ۲ˡ
Ҳ֪еĵж٣Σ֮£˽ԽСĽҲֹͣ˴ģ£µĳԱȫϳԱͨ㿼ʽˡ
ҾΪûе˵Ľ׶ΣֻǾʶ˼˳Աˡ
Ҳ˲ʶеļˡ
˶ϳԱԿͨ޼½пܳûǺ޲ھͳħȥնɱܡ
ɭŭ⣬㵱ôص½ģ
ˢˢ¶Ҳɻ˺ܾãħŻص޼½ͨѾ
˿ţЦһҲ֪ǿܴһܺĪεˣۺĪСӣȻ˾һ˹ȥ
Ϊʲôε
һ𡭡
֪ҡҡͷֵ̯ҺСֱӻ˼£ǳǾѵģڻԭ˵
͹ˡ
Ū飬ܾпӰѹϣ˵ͿǱŪĻ
ΪʲôҪͻ޼½
֡
ŪЩ飬Ҳûپᣬˣ¶ѾȥˣȾҪȥ
֮ǰΣûʲôãڽˣڶ˼ϣ
οڣ˶ں潭߳ħִħõʲô
Ҳʱ򣬰ĬĬ֣˵ǺɫԽõ顣
ʦĵɣƵĶܳ⣡
ʦܳ⣬⡭
˵һ׷ɭϴǶǹɣ
ɭ֪Щʲô
Цҡͷ̾ħĻ
õģһȺ˶Խħĺĸˡ
̫үĹħֵЩ𵴣һҲ֪˯˼ʱʱˣǰЩƣøɾ
ڻ˯è߳䡣
ϵģֱײһ˵Ӱӣ̧ͷ߾ײһǽڵɭϡ
ɭѭ̧˫ڳ˼֡
סŲס
ȼûʲôɭУ˱ѹʮΪܡ
廹𣿡ɭܿƮϼ鷢ϸ
á
ӦȻЩεسĬ
ոڵкûд򣬾ͱˡ
㣬һɭ˵
ΣɭҲĬĬЩͷۣЩΣЩί
֪ôͶദҲίⷬ¹̬ȡ
˽ദٺһԱȣɭЩζ
չһ߾ʮ꣬ףá
úɭִ̧̾ڽļϣЩҶԲ㣬Ǹ
գգ̧ۣͷڿЩдɭ׵
ٴγĬš
һʱֲ֪˵Щʲô
أ
·ڴһΡ
æջ߻عȥػ
ЦЦǰڽһ£תɭһԶͿ۵СۣôУû¸ˣ
ڣɭҲ࣬ջߣȥ˵Ρ
һȥסߵͷˮôҲܷŹǡ
ˣǵߵȺˣ
ɭ׵ǣڷֿʡ
üʣѾ𣿡
ûءЦ˵ԤԱ㲻ϣҲѣǵƼ˾ʼЧ
˵ңЦݵЩ̾ǵҲûŪһԵԭ򡣡
룬ʣȥ𣿡
ԡ
شɭ
ֱת˸ߵǰ·
ŬƽıӰ΢΢ü
͵Ц죬С㸸Ǹ/ɧӣ£۸㣬Ҿѵ
׳Ľõģ
Ц˫
ɭǰߣԻͷƳЦݡ
ṴҲЦЦ
ҵķ䡣
ʱ䣬˵ʦסҹעҵ״
ÿսͶʿߣȴʲôпֻ˵˷
λߵʦоǸҪǿӵˣҪҾѲɡ
ͷʧȻٴγ֣ÿγֶܴһЩͬõĵҩ⼸նԻҶƵĵҩ
屾û⣬ҩʲôⶾβĹЧƫǿǡӿԪתȣÿҩ涼ҩġ
ߣӳԪĵҩ˳κβûʲôãҲõ
ɻ˯ң̧ץͷץһҲܣúõһСӲ/˼ͷ
ԱߵĳԱȥˣȰЪ˵ǷҴˡ
˵ҩƣ󷨡ؼֶΣҩǸͬ
ӵʱ򣬾ͼһͷڸ̣ҩġ
ֻɨһۣЩ۾ƿߡ
ⶼʲôʲô
ϵҩĺˮϵҩĶһ𣿲µҩֱӱը𣿣
˽Ū죬ֱӵ¾е©һЩҩȥǻȵҩըԼըˡ
۵ֱ˦˹ȿɭʱǿһ㡣
ϴ㡣ȻŤͷȥ
ʵʵ˵츳ǿۼҴΪ͡
Ըܲһ֮Ŷӣɭҩ²ΪѵӦ룬һͷ
ɭҲӲȥɡ
ôһǾϵΨһӻȫͷ֡
žͶӵƢվΪ˿ңûԸ䷿
ɭߵҴǰ򽭳̧ʾ⣬ûоž
ҵɫЩ԰ףƽȣ̧̽һҲǹ
ǲ֪ˣΪϵֻǼ򵥵˯ˡ
ôȻʡ
΢΢ҡͷɫЩء
ۣԪ籡ҵڡԪϸ೤ػжڽĲٿ£һ·Ϥ
һ˲ۣż⡣
Ƕʯ
ͷ˵һƼǡΣաĲ
ɫһ䣬ռֱ֮ӳҲͰѾ
鷢գۼ䣬ֳ⻹Ӧֻеĵҩը
顪
ȡȡȿȣ
ҩըһ⣬ҩֱǺȥֿɬҪð
ѵֻۣԼһҩۣٿ벻۾ȴ˳ȾĲ̨

ջؿռ֮ϾһºǸǸռ֮㵥ٶȿһЩ
øˣȻ̨ϵҩȫ÷ϡ
Ļ׷ʲô
һ۾ĺ⣬ſҲðźâĥںͲֻҩ
õҩȫܣ
룬Ȼ򣺡е
ݡ
л˵
׳ɹ-Ǵޣ


153 ѣս
ȷʵû뵽ֻҩһ, ʧʮǸʾ֪͸, ´һ
걾øˡ
Щ߰Ļϵҩһˣκ顣
Ҳеµߣֻҧҧ, ðҲ¡
ʮֲˬضס, ۾һɨɨ˽ϵָ
üͷ߸𣬴żִ, ̽ˣ
ԪȷʵʦƵֶΣǶɽǿߣ
߻ʱ, ԪԶ壬һԪ
ΪʦȼǿǿҩԪӤһף޲׸ǿƣǿһֶɽǿ, ˵۲, ǽӽһ¶С
Ȼһ״ЩԪܰ˺ˡ
ұ˵, ɽǿҲ̽ͬȼڣɽڵԪһը
Ͼ˲, Ȼصͷ,ʲô𣿡
һ, ̾һ䣺٣̬
⻹֪ܲǰʵ
˼, ̲סǰһ, ϸϸ۲콭ҡ
ⱾǸķΧžͮͮͺͮͮݣɭЩﲻסЦתȥ˻
Ĭ˻ʵؽ飺ҪҪȥϴ
˳ϺĨһ£Ȼ󼷵Ҵǰʲô
ᵽңǶʯжʯ
ʯסûعζ
ɫһ䣬뵽Լ֮ǰ顣
ߣ΢΢ͷʱһ
뵽ľɭ˲Ȼ
ڳֻûȥǰľһ£ҿȫ㲻ڴʲôա
üʣܽ𣿡
صԣҪһʱ䡣ĻŪⶫôġ
˵Щͷۣ£ǲ֪ԴƵָô졣
ѭ
šüû˵
˵ܽϵŤֶ˼֣Լȥ
ôôû˾Ȼſھܽ
ʲôͷ
ɭĬʧ˵󣬷һİ
ڽ﷭˸ڵŰⶾʯڣ
С
嫲Ÿ˵꣬ͬķ𣬷ֱɭ
ʶʣܸܵǼᶨľܾ
嫻˻βֱͣ򽭳
벻ɣﶼ
Ƭ̵ͷʯ壬ⶾʯá
С
οڵɭʯ屾ľٶοδŵĶأ
û˵ɫɼɭ̬һ£ͷһֻڳè
䡣
һʵľҵ˻꣬Ȼʯ壬Ϊʲôֱ㶾سоأ
ƽͣҲȷܲѶ
;УطɢҾûѵϣˡ
ץץԼͨͷֻҪԪܽڣҾܰѶ
ˣ
쿴
ã
һְվĽһͳһöҩݸ֮ǰƵóˡ
ӹоһ£ɻ
ٺЦǼ򵥵˼ܹԪ֮ҩġʵͦΣ͵ʯԱ߾ͻԶնأգʲôƻ˶صռ㡣ɹѾ˰ٷ֮٣ʹá
˵ŻʮźҪҵԪ壬ĻҪ
һԸпǼįʱ򣬽ľ޵ˡ
ĶµҩЧʦֻһλʦ۰ضһȥѾʮƵĻ
һ۾Ըп治ȱš
Ȼз涾أǾͲپˣɭ뿪⻤ƿռø
Ѿ̫ɶʯ飬ζ˵ڼ򵥲ĲҪĲʱ⡣
;ҵһʱУǱߵҲһ䣬ûаԭƻߡ
Ȼǣ֮ǰԵϣ¶һĳ飬ȻȻͶҾȵȺϡ
ȽȡĵҩɵʯɭѾȺ뿪ʵϰԱʸ
֪ʵĳԱֻܸ˶˻飬֪Ĳˣ뿪һ𣬾ͷųߣȫʮʱȺˣǵϵȵһˡ
ˣ뽭ɵʯѾȥʱ䡣
һ뵽ͨﵩĶоУ˽ļҪĵɡ
˵ʦ٣ҲһλʦκûоӰʯΪһĵĶʦճп¶į䡣
˸
ǸɶʯһѶصܵĴˣ
۾˻𣬽ȥģ͸ģ粽룬Ҵ˵е̫үд趼ûᡣ
ȽڰѾʱѾֹ죬һֱԲѵ˶ڴ£ۡ
ʱ˵ǲСļ尾˵Ǽ򵥵˯һ
ʱЩԻ󣬽һŤӣֱӶһȺƻߣӴ
Ǹءҵɴ۾ſھͺŸܵԼлǻյĴʹС
ǳڻԴĸơ
һͣʶһղ˳ָƻѷοȳ
ʹԱߣ״ֱһˮȵˮѡ
˵˻ֻܹ๾ˮۿ췭ȥˡ
ңļҵĲ˸ѾͱôԴöɽǿ岻ס졣
һˮҵˣԺһȦȻȺм⿴ϡ
ҵɴָ̧ۣ򽭳㡪
ʲô㡣ٴβذȥһˮ࣬ˮŶҺͳѪ
ңأء
һˮ¶ǣѾ޿ʱ׼´ܡ
һؿԺˮΧһȦڰ뿪ɭѵº͵ظʲô顣
Ҳһʵϴȡ
ȿرҾһٶ䣬Ȼֱ򽭳Ǹ¶ǿȥ
ЦӦ£ȻĿȱβƵĿ񱼳š
ЩȶңÿͶ˵ӣͷ̧ǸҲǵ˲֪ٴΣܣȫȻ˻ԾԾ򽭳̡
ˣǶʯвҲһ룬תоʱȺӡ
ڵĶһǿ󣬾ϰҩƽľ̾ⶾƽ⣬Ȼһͷ˽ӵǿɭҪоĶʯ
ݶƽ͵ӣֻ졣
賿緢һѪײŴ˽ǰʧѪǰֻһ仰
սˡ
л˵
ڿԣ˵һ俪ʼֵʱˡ
ϲ


154 ٻ޼½
ǰ, ȹȺʵϰԱ˿̵ṩ˽½;
ʵټĵħţ˭뺦, һĿȻ飬ȵ˵һʹڿϣѡһ̽ǡ
ͬһչҲȷʵõ½нӵ֤
ҵ֤, ȵ˲Сı¶Լ, ˰Ŵ۽Բӳ졣
һ·ϻصʱԿǱߵսѴÿһ䣬һз̶̰ʱ䡣
һסʧѪർ°״̬, ͳŵҩ£ٺ, ȥɭ
鴫ɭʱѾ˲飬ǰȥ;û⿪Ķʵ
ɭڵһ仰ǣûȥˡ
򴽣صȥ
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ɭһ, ƶƲסԿҪͽġ
ɭһԼϵԿףʱ, Կ׾, ȼ, һֻ뿿, ƾΪϵĵԿס
˶, ŽͣԿ׺ϲ´򿪴½ħŵͨ޼½߾Ϳλгͨ裬Ҳʱص޼½ˡ
׳ʲô£üͷ塣
սˣѲ޼½Ҳſսˣ
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Կ׻ͨٴܴͨɭҪħţܻص½λȥֻн
ǰֱӽɭȻ󳨿ҩ԰Ṭá
ֱصطǼʶɭҲɵ̾Ϊֹ
Ķߣǿ˻ȱʲôԴ١
˵ͳȥҾ
һ֣ھһ㶼뿪УǿнС
һ޼ʵҩԭҰ󣬾
Ͳһ¸£غ̫үҵĸ
ۻһʦܾܾƬҩ/أ
ʦ֧Ҳ뿪ˣſժҩģҪж٣Է֮ҩĽȱû취оء
Ƚ뿪ʱԭԣĲֿ⼸·һųԴЩ
֮һ޷أеԴҲ㹻һӡ
ӿսʼ뿪м䲻ʮʱ¾Ѿ˽սģʽ
뿪ʱĳԱս⣬ӭӵһܵ֡
ħŵһֱƽͣʹ˽СĦϣϻǻ˽޻档
ſһأ˱ֱҪƽ֯˵Ĵڡ
һɨʱ䣬ħͼȻ޴棬Ҫôڿ£Ҫô·һ
ʣһЩˣ˳ԱĽվҲͶߣ˻ղˣǶʼϹӡ
ħ´òɿûע⵽һѾõλͨ¿ˡ
ص޼½֮ǰֳħߵͨЩΣ֮û˷֮
޼½
ԭͷֵޱ壬ˣðͷҲǸϽ궫뿪
ͨĳھ⣬һ㿴ЩɫҴҵˣȫ֮ǰ֡
ħһ󣬽еˮʧЧˣĽֵĴۣȻһλͷ·ĸˡ
˱Ǵ߲֮ģ˵·һʧ̧ͷˡ
£ô϶ûˣ⾪·ˣѯʡ
˽£󡢴ˡ
ûж⣬ֻʱһֱڱչûгȫ֪緢ʲô飬ܺ˵˵𣿡
͡ǣǰ쵤ҩᡢᡢͽ𹫻ỹкö̻ᶼˣ˾˺ܶ࣬Īĳ˴ģʧ٣ҶͶ˺öССٵ˵Ȼ󾪻δһ۽Щˣң𣿡
࿪ӣлڸ˿첽뿪ʱԪ˼Ʒʯŵ˵
󹫻ᡢ̻ᡭˣ
ǳʲô飡
΢΢üת뿪ֱ
һ֣Ⱥʶ΢ɨһ£ͼ˲ڶûߡ
׼ȷ˵ЩǼ̻͹ˣҶ۵ˡ
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̤ϴŵ󷨣󷽾ʹ֡
µ黤ӣߴĳϼʱλߣ뱨
Ĭ˲ϷصĻע£εǽ

Ʈڸߴ¿ĳͫæ䵽ϡ
ſλߵݣȴǾǵʱϾķˡ
Ͻ˲£ֺǺǵشкϺã

ϣʲô
ϰλȻ޼ϯϡ
޼᣿
˶٣뿪ʱ˲顣
λϿɻɫȻЦ޼ǽһ³ģܲţҡҩ̻ҲᵽǱȥˡ
ʱỹûͲˣλȥչ
ȻҲŹС꣬λϵϢԽĪ⣬ܾŵ߷
óϵĽͣ΢΢׵л鷳ҿŵĴ󡣡
û⡣Це̧֣ʾԲ󷨡
ȽʧһϢڶȫΧסϣߴߴʣϣλǰ׽
׽ĻǽŶԣ
ֻй¶ϢԶ
²ʲôȼҸол۷ɡ
󵨵㣡ɽڣ
ôֱӲأ
СվǰѾĴ󣬾ΥЦ
Щӣʵǹ̫ѹ˰ǰĹǵ˻
תһֵòɿĵǣЦʱ½ϵĵȼץʱȥʵǿ˵ʱܺͳһս
ѵӣˣһֹĵȼʲôɳģһ۷壡
ɴﲻǹĪշĿռ֮˵ɽǿˣλѾңɼĵز
ǿ߰
ž̲ס̾ϢԱһͽ䣬˱ˣ
š
Ӻŵţڴգۼ顣
۱ۣǰľɫɺŵĴתΪŵĺ嫡
߳ӭǰɽײһѲߵӣΪ׵ɾɡ
л˵
-ôôգ


155 һϢһϢ
Դ, յ֪ͨһʱʹ˸˹
Ѿһ䱸״̬˵ˣǴӿзɹһֻ, ϸһ
ɴҴҶʱžȵķ֣ǰˣǽ
磡һ, Щɲס
ַ̧סЩˤ, εЦŵ㡣
ٺ١ɵЦͷ
ѲߵĶЩŵӡ
ԭûҲûʸᣬһżѵ, һɻ
ɻڼ״̬Žֱ£ıľˣ
ıľѿ, ȥѰ骽Ҳʧˣôľģһ촫ʲôجġ
ڴ½ԽţӶɱ𣬽һȫ
źΪ, һҪµӺЩ̻, һҪάæͷö
Ž, ۷ŹȻεڵȥѲߣȥ, ʦǶ
˵ת, Ѳߵһ, ȥ, ʧ
ĵһ, ɷҲûʲôԵ˳·
λߣЦ⣬Դ˽ۣûʲôĻɻջߡ
΢Цס
ûⱩ¶ݣһ֣Ȼתˡ
Ȼˣֵڣǰӵ·£̧ϡ
·ĵӰ಻ס˸ῪʣߣǴһμӻ飿
飿΢΢üɻʣ᲻ͽ𡣡
һ㶣Ц޼Ļѽ޼ĵһλ飬ʦҴȥ˼ǲμӻ顣
˼Ҹձչس޼ᵽʲôڴ½Ǹʲô
û뵽ʲô֪죬εؽͣ⼸߸ɱţһڶû¡оҩļᶼܵ͵ϮҹǽӻȻԸγ޼ᣬרԿЩ͵Ϯˡֻ˵ⱳ˿ңľͲˡ
͵Ϯͫ΢𣿡
ӵͷ˵͵ϮҪ᳤ڱ̻ܿǱ֧Ԯʱ᳤
˵⣬ӻп̻ȻкüλħޣҲ֪ôܿӻǿͳҪħ֣ʵﶼЩӦò˵ڵǼλǵϯϣҲһħǿߡ
˵ʱ΢΢ҡͷЩɬǻûܴȫȻħ޵ļ롣
ҲûϣǱȻġ
һǰһţֱ
ֻǸɽڲݵڴǾͱĵ
Ϊ׵˽ЩϤǵԣһȻסǼλ
ŽĵӿΪ׵æͷԬʦ֣Сʦλ
ɣͣԬʦüһ۽ɵشš
ֻ죬ûʲôӡҲʲôˣüʲôͣ޼飡޹˵Ȳܽ룡
λԬʦ˵Żɫ·ĵϽ˴ɣʲô߰˶ţСʦǲǻ¶̫ˣ
վں棬ɨһ۷Ԭʦ֣һԲ
Ȼʶصʱûʸᡣ
֮ӵĵӣ˵ίΣԲᡣ
뵽Ϊⶾʱλɣ΢΢һĨĹ⡣
·ӱˣͰ͵ɡǡ
ʲôԬʦֲͷϽ뿪Ȼǲ
˵һ֣ĵڿ˼ơ
·ӱͨ죬ֻ򽭳ǻǻȥСʦְɡ
Ԭʦֵʦ־ʧһֱһɣڵӶ֪Щ¡
ײϣٸȥĲճ
ˡ
·ӻû˵꣬صĹɻص
඼˵һĹģ˵ɫˡ
鱣ˣ
һǴ½еţ
źٽɽͷֻҪһ£Ļɽ󶼻
ڵµ˶˳ʶѰҹķ
ʱɵλ뿪ţš
Ԭʦֱһ𣬵һָ򽭳ץ
еֱóɷ˵Ҫ
·æСʦֵѣߣ
Ԭʦֻû
ʱǷϿɵ߽ߣҪǲ뱻ؾ͸Ͻ뿪˸ϣ
ɵѣ
ҪʲôĻɣ
ǲǣֱץŪҪ֣Ҳ
·ӼֱţСʦֶûãֻǹ򽭳
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ޱ飬ЩЦ
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֮ǰƣ賤·ԬյԲϹ¡
ɺ׽һΪ֪Ե˭
󣬵ȼҲߣûܾϴλûܽᣬȫԿĲּεĵλ
˼תһ뿪ΧȦ
ԬյЦݸЩֵúãʵֵͷ
ɫһŭȵȻҶɵӶ֣˵ߣ־ܻһ
Цˣɣֱһϥѡ
ˡ
Ԭյ˺ѷεʹصһҵɫ΢͡
ĵǿԼʦֱѹŹڵϣһǺ
һȺùԽҵĵӣۣȰǣòҪҶ֡
ԬʦֱһŲСϣʹֱ˻ң֪֪ʲôط֪֪˭
ŭʢŭֱ֮ıҧ̧ͷ򽭳š
ڵӱ飬֣ɽٴپ޴޹ԴֱָԬյӽ¡
ɫһ䣬ʶԬʦ֡
·Ӱвã㷲ؿǽ
ҵȻ֪ƳԬʦһۣв
Ц֪ţ֪ǰֻ֪֪λŵӣһλһλɡ
Ǹʲô
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ʣµ˻ûȵȫϢֵǵ˳
ŷ֣ſڣ
˹ǡΣ鼱֮¾˱
ԬʦֱѹڵϿˣҲõЩǿ߳ˡ
۾һһʹһߴ󺰣ߣ
һ죬ǰֱ˽ڵӶֵʵôͣã
˵ͳǻݺһ˽Է˽ɡ
̴žž죬ԼĻۣȴȫûһ
ûɽţȵøЩȻ˹ػͷ
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һԵĵӲһ˲ź֪طӦ⻰˼
ɫ˲ɷס
ȹڵϵԬʦһͼ̧ͷϿһڵһţڵϡ
˲ڵѹüԲվŵһڵӣʲô˭ݽϣ֪鱣ܵʲôͷ𣿣
ΪӦ͵ϮƣҪʲô飬ǻʲô
ϣ
֣ڵ˲ɴۣȻʶ򻹹ڵϵԬʦ֡
ܱϵ˻˭
Ԭʦֲ
ŭټϽʵ壬ЩĻһһɪɪĿڣ˵ö϶ûǰ
Ψһ˵ȫ·ӣŵվ
ɵĽǱȫ˵˳Ԭʦֹ⹥½һ
ټĹ㳡ֻʣ·ӸɰͰ͵
üͷԽԽԬʦ֣һԲ
ʱɿ˽ţζ˵ҿɲֹһˣ찡
ϣҲֻҳ٩ˡ
ԣΪ·賤ҲڣȻ뵽Ǵε飬ڰֳ˼֡
ǰԶＸ䣬ȻѾ̱ڵϵԬŵԬʹñΥŹ档ȡϯɽһְԴ˼һ꣡
Ԭ־Ѿ˹ȥǰһ޲Լ͵ιȥùЩ衣
һ붯ԲĵӾ͸ϽһһҽӲȥ
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ġӦ£ŭδƽϢ
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ѡԬԭΪԬŰԼԼޡ
λºԬһŰɱ˲ֻڵޣǵóŭǿ˼꣬ǽ⡣
Ԭжλãһ
ת賤ϷԸ䣬ȻŻɫͷк
սеһ룬ڲøɵķ󡣡֣Ȼüʱɳϴһǿ߸ȥţҲ֪ǱΡ
ʱǱӦⲻ󣬽ͷһ
޼ΪӦǱûĶضĵһλ飬󲿷Դ⡣
ŸԴĳҿһۣ˻ߣԴ˲ˣǻҪоأûôĶó䡣
޼󣬾ҪһԴеԴ󶼻ţͳһ
޼Ų죬ȺɱǧļһͿʼҪԴҪͷڼ˾Ҫ·ߡ
֪ϻếûԴҲЩͷۡ
½Ĵҵȷʵе㣬Ǳûģһؾ͹о
󹫻ᡢȫ˶صоУûٶʱóǼҵٺҲôġ
ĬĬ֣ˡˢһ¿
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Ϣ˺һͣȻͳһش
գգۣЦ˵Ϣǣһؼʯ͵ҩֱͶ뵽˵ԴӦòһɵĻۡ
ˣ
Ƕ֪λȥչˣ֪λȥչأզػ־һɵİҵһɣ
Ϣأ˱˵Ļ⡣
˶٣ȻϢǣҴӵħŻħǱ߿սˣеĶܿħǱ߿
ħţ

˲ڻвɽǵĪôţͷĲɴ˳Ĭ
ؽħǱߵľ˵һ飬Ȼ˵˿¿ܴʵ
ɳĬתΪš
ǲ֪λس˿ֵ˵ҵɽǿߣֹһλ
޼½ߣϵĶɽǿֻʱһλɽסȻǽųɹƿɽڵϡ
ֻ߰һλҲǶɽס
ϹۼҳõλɽڳϣֻдǶɽף඼ڶɽǰǻ
Ѿ޼½ǿݣħǱ߶ɽǿ߶һץһѣ
ͳߣȴоϢС
ʱɵ˽Ǳߵ󣬿ľһľ
ⶼôˣǰ棬״һüѯʡ
࣬ǽ־ѵ⼸µȫָ
λˣʱɵȳһԻصԼλȻһۿ˽Ӱ
ۼҴ۾һֺǵСһﲻǻôһôɥġ
һôɥΪ˵ıľ飬ʧȥϣʱ
ʱû˵ЦѾȾϽףߵ࣬ռߵĿλȻŽԽȴýﲻһ
Ȼͷһϣżζ
ʱ˵㿴Сһǲǰˣ
ϣǵʱɴĶģĽü곬Խʱɣʱûʱǰ㿴ý
ϼһȻҫˣϿЦá
ûڣè˶
ڳǶɽϵǿߣֶۣܷߡ
۳ϵ˶࿴˺üֱۣϲüҡ
λͳһŵϢ˵һ顣
һ֮ڳ˸ոյĵѹɽǿߴںȫ˳Ĭ
ոշֽؾĻϲɢ˴롣
һ࣬룬ڰοҸɭħŽ˷֯ˣڣҲвʮɽǿߣԪӤںͻڲǻħŽǣƣԴ½߿ܸҵħޣǲֿܡ
ɭ
ڳû뵽һʮ겻ѾǶɽǿߣۼһͬȼǿߡ
ǿЩο̾Žʵ
򴽣׵Ǹǰοİοɡ
˵򽭳Ҫ뻤𣿡
λɽǿ߳ʱɺ͹ۼҴϣ඼˸ؽص˶ʱİȫ
ѭĿ¶ڴ
룬ҡһͷСèվˣ֮оҩʦͻ೤ģֱȥǰɡ
л˵


156 طƶ
᳤ʦ, ۰سϻۼػҩˡ
ſʱ仰
ʦٴλصۼ, ѵۼҩֳ⣿
Ǹ˲̫ϲĲ²⡣
̾׼һæϵһ۰ء
Ϊ˽أרŰ˳, һȺ൱ס档
Ϣ, Ѿͨˡ
ߵſڣһ󾪺ˣˣ
˷Ľкһ٣վ, Щɵ￴
һۣײͶߡ
ſֱ, ¾ͱ̨ףŽ
С⻶Ѷֱӳ˳һʮӵǵ˷ܡ
ڻˣ
ܶҲû㣬ʵʵվԭܱ
ڻСè͵ŭһأ
СèֱӻͣӢޱȵֱӺվһ, ̵ֽС
С˲, 䲻èһɣɪɪ, ί
ͷ䵽ࣺʦ֣
ԡЦ̧ͷ
, Žֱ۽˽
Цһ°嫵, ȻŴ߳, ӭһȺصظϳˡ
⿴һ, ܷڵۿƣ, ǿǰƺûȫָĻࡣ
ǰ᳤
˺Щ˼ЦӦͺá
ʱ֡ӳ˶ڣƵضŽơ
˼򵥵ɼ䣬һɫĺ«ҩƿʹ˳򽭳
̧һץסĵҩƿ
˳ŵҩƿҳķ򿴹ȥĿһԽҲޱ߷
վ̨ϾӸƳһۣԼࣺæ
ĸֱ֣ת䡣
ʱֿһĮıӰٿһ۽εı飬Ц򻰲࣬ÿľǺйأء
ʼ磬۵ûþȡ
߰ɣҪæ黹ͦġڰ֣һ˻ص䡣

嫰Աߣ粽롣
޼ںеҩȸĵԴߵʦʦҲһǵ
ջΪѾֳ֮һȥάЩ׺Ʒʣµ˼оء
ڽˣİæоЧʴҲ˿
¹ȥҩĳɹѾﵽ˰ٷ֮ʮȻҲ޷ͻơ
һĽҩ˦ǰüѾǾ󴿶ߵĽҩҲڴˡ
ٷ֮ʮļޣ˵ҩòŽ⣬ͷǽһµĹս
öɫĽҩƬ̣վ¯һݣӦÿ֮ʮ
ٷ֮ʮΧһȻȵŽ
ôҩǻƵģʦĿػҩܵĳ̶ѾǼˡ
һھֱٷ֮ʮ
Ҳ̫Ĵ̼˰ɡ
Ҳ̲ס˰࣬ʱ֣ӳæ׼ҩġǼ°ҩã˼ֱ涾࣡
᳤һ£ɢ¡
ʱרŸ֣׼Ĳ
ڽĲ
Ƶˮƽϣ϶Ȳϻࡣ
Ҫ˵Ի桢ҩĵƿضȣǵħѵ£ʵͻˮƽ࣬Ψһǻ档
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ۣ΢һĨɫĻԾȻ
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ӳ۲Ƭ̣üǳ߻𡣡
ܸܵͬһϤɶҲܸܵڤڤ֮еѹ֮⡣
ǵȼѹƣַҪ
ӳŴ룬Ȼ󻽳Լĳ߻
Сǰһؿ
һһ
ȵȺ˲Ȼ˾Ͳ۾ӳϡ
ֻǶ䰵ɫĻ棬ӳĲС״Ļ˵硣
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ҲŲס˳߻ɽѹĽвŻʧ˼ִ/ϢĻᡣ
һֱߣӳ󣬵һʱ˹һץסӳļ򣬽ൽһࡣ
ӳ˿ĽŷҪæƾҪ̱һˡ
ллӳؿڡ
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ӳ
û
˲Լĸж
ŵϯվһ࣬˼Ȼǳ߻ô£ѲɻҲͻƽ
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˵
ջߣĵȷʵԽ߻ǽ𡣽ǿ۶ӲĿʯҲֻ˲Ϣ顣Ȼ֪õҲûãǣֱӻҷ𡣡
ǣҷ
ԣĳЩ˼˲˻ȥ
źһǵɫ棬Ȼջߡ
ʶε/УһһȦ̬վ۵ףŴǺЦһ
Ȼ֮ʦʦ֮ߣһ̰ƴ顣
嫵䵽ϣƼޱӣ΢΢ü
޵˵ⷬԵĻСӵĿİɡ

ƻ
⡣
һŴµ״̬
ʱӵ嫵ȻûעĻĵ㲨
һֻ
ɴ½ʵǿ츳ߵļλʦ֮ƳĵáɼĸݶЩ
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յҪ¯ÿҩĵƴҪ󶼱ڰٷ֮ʮϣͻʧܡ
ܴﵽˮ׼ʦĽס
Чʼߣټϻ嫴ǿںϡ
ȻûزҲѾӵ˼ǣܹϽ衣
δȫ͵Ľܽᴿٷ֮ʮңȫ͵Ľᴿ˾ȵİٷ֮١
ûû˵̫ãԭһһ¯ĵҩڲʱƽ
еĻ滺ʧ˶ʶеҲһߡ
Ѿ̨·һ첽ĿƵض¯»δ/ȥĵҩ
ˣԼ
ףЦ˵ˣҲ
һ仰䣬Ļ̵סֱֿ¯ǡ¶ܲˣӭ˿ȥ
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ͬƵĻɫҩһ¯ԼԼżֽɫҲ֪ǲǽԵʡ
ⲢӰ˼顣
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˽ŵصһߡ
һŽ/ȥɫѪҺоԼѪҺڷڡ
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ƳĬԱ߿˰İ嫡
ҿһȦ˵˵ǿǴ½ʦʦĶܰ»òⷨ
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ΪͲĶأͣôʱ䣿
ͨﵩʳ£޷Ǿо⣬Ƕĵ⡣
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˵ָѹü壬ҲЩҲҩĹɣƵĽҩԶص⣬˵Ȼ
һЩͨӽ᲻ͲǶأ
Ƕ˵ɶĳһδ֪Ĵɡ
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Щ
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Ͱ嫶һۣ뵽ͬһ
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عؿԲҩڣƶشڡ
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ҪĹΨһİ취ѹƷߣƶ
֮ǿռ֮ıƴ
տռ֮ߣܳΪһռƶİ
Ѿ˿ռ֮ƶһ֮ң
Ҫ޼½ȼûг֮ǰԽ޼½Ĺȥƶ
˼ˣȻ뵽˵ħŽʮĸı䡣
뵽ħǧĸı䣬뵽ðħͻȻ䱻ɵĹ뵽
ħŵĹѵǱƶˣ
˭ĵģ

ϸ˼֣
һ첽ߵŶصĵ¯ԣȻɻˣȫʮҪ֤һҵĲ롣
룿
˲ȫʮȻŽüͷ塣
ỽһ嫡
ˡ
ӦǰȥԼһƾĽ⡣
ʧȡ֮ǽǰͨ崿׵ĳΧ͸Ľâ
˲ҪΪʲôֻܰ
ִָۣǰ¯жѪҺ
ͨҩĶⶾûκãԪҲûжôռ֮أ
͵ۣʢ˽âгӦ
һ˲ִ𳤽ŵ¯¡
˾ŵ£ǱȴͣɫѪҺһ׾봦
ѪҺĲˣ͵ơ
ͣѪҺϷһȴεķǳǳķ϶ɢԽɢԽԽɢԽֱҵ¯ѪҺʼڣγһһС
ۡ˶񱻱ϯΧҲ
ֱ󣬡项һ¯ڶֱѳ롣
ѪҺԶȴرĳΰŵ¯һڱھ£һҲû
ε˺ǿֹסΣ漴һһڰѪ
â³ֱ̧֣ס
Ž״̬ȻͶǿѵĵ¯üͷ壬ŭۼ
⡢ô£
¯ˡѪҺôһġ
᳤
ࡢʱֵĻܵʲôѪҺѪҺ
ڰ嫻вʡ£ĶæǰΧԡ
嫱סֱ۽˽Ȼ˫ֱһᱧ뻳
ɨΧһȺˣۣôҪˣ
£˿ӡ
һҭ
Ƴ嫣ȻԵĽҪҩǵÿڡ
ģٲǡ嫵ͺһȻϢģҪú˯һ
ոһֱӳ˽ռ֮ûǹصĵķýΪռ֮ݽε
ܿסռ֮Ƶ˸ǿĿռ֮ʲô
֣Ȼ޸ع
֮ǰٶһŶأ˼Ȼͣ£鼫˵ǲооˣͰԭٷ֮ʮɹʾǽⶾļޣǳͻƣûлᡣ
꽭ǰǿĻʮֲˬı˽Ϣ䣬ǽˡ
ٷ֮ʮɹʣǼޣ
ûŪʲôʦʦǣһηǿǿڲĵ¯ٿһ۰뿪ıӰɻ벻ʵߣͳһڻͼλۼҳϡ
ϾǲǴ½˵һˡ
ü˼Ƭ̣Ȼļλϵ֣λأ
ۼҵĳû˵ʲôֻͷ
һλۼ񼣺֮ǰԹ飬ʾǽۼδߣԶǳоԵΡ
ΧԲ˻ǵһۼأ𾪵
ֻۼҵǳĬ϶мֽЦΪʹ
ҲԾۼҶڽΣת϶һۡ
ϰڰֵ㶨ɣҲˡ
оأֱȥ˯һ
ʲô¶˯˵
ࣺ
ЦõػһȦоҩΪתϢȥһ̾ͣԻֶؽⶾо˶ȥϢȫ޼赤ҩơ
˵꣬ߵ¯СЩѪҺȻת뿪ֱϢ䡣
̫죬쵽кܶ˶ûзӦ
Ȼ඼뿪ˣͷļλԼƽ֮ʱ֡˶뿪ˣǲŻعսµ䣬Щ¡
ͣоˣ
ݣˡ
ȥ˯һ˰ûú˯ˣ
ɢƬ̣һ˶ʣ÷·˹
С죬޼Դ˳յҩʱ㱻յŵûɢ
ʦסȥԼҪ˱ǡ
һ󽭳չϢѶʱ᳤ʵҳֱչˡ
صظ
һôôѣ
л˵
ǣôôգ


157 
Դӽȫռ֮ѪҺú, 㿪һֵıչء
ĵȼѾûĿԣΨһҲǱĵطǶԿռ֮ա
ʹӡǿͻ, ޸ĿƶĹ
λܲ˳ʱѹԷԪҲޣȻ߼ֻǽӡֶǿ޸Ĺ
ռ֮仺, ǿ
ħһ, ʵûнȫգมڱ棬óڵʱ, ȫһ顣
ӿռ֮, ٵڵĶضʯԼ֮ĥϡ
Щ߶˳İٷ֮ʮɹʵĽⶾȻԪŨڵһ㣬ϵĿޡ
ʱ, ߶Բת˲, ʱʱ̿Щؿܶŵ˶ԣƿా
񽭳޼һλ˵, ԽԽĿܿʼ޼½ֵܳصвɽڰյš
ڷֵһ˿ڲԼݵĿܺ, ʱɾ˽вɽΧ, ֻò
ֻҪһܰѵǵļ, һ, Թħżܡ
, ˵ܶԿ˵ʱ׷ſܡ
ֹ׷սʹǱʧɺС
ÿնɱһܣͻ嵽ʮλڵӣͬһλ𵤵ӡ
οܵΣ൱ڷһλԪӤǿ޼ɵԱһɵĸ
սħܼƴʮܡ
޼½߶ԿܵĺվһûĿܣһûȫĻֶء
½ϴССǧɡת۾ֻʣ߰ңݻӡ
Դӷħſܵĳʼź޼ͰԪӤǿǿѲ߶ӣûûҹڴѲ顣
ÿһܴ͵أ޼ŶӦѲ߶ӡ
չα겻αʵǰǶԿܴ͵ضų־塣
µʱʼţԭɽ紦ĳҲһһȥš
ʱ䣬ƱãǳɵĽ£ѡ
ſ˯˰꣬ʶۺЩǰľһ
࣬ҲǽŵĵطƮ˻棬ɫģǻһ
֧ӣϸϸۣȷɫĻǽ⼸ɫɫɫġ
ЩǶɣ
ֱӻûͣЩ̵Ļ棬ü
ѾۣͣܿһŻƵԼΧʮ΢ůʡ
һ°͵İ嫣˼Цݣô
˶ͷһŹ֣ңһΪˣ
ȻֶôҲǣ
ЦŽżС⣺ûôӣֻСǶ˼ݹѡ
ǣǿƻ棬ǽŶ߶Ͷͳ߻𶾾ȷ䵽档
ջ
棬Կռ֮գ˸̨ף
غͻںϱƽⲻߣǿ߶Կռ֮ա
ڽ԰ȫɵϲҿƣ˵ⷽΪԵλˡ
ЦģһͶֱָ̧˸Ĵָ
߰ɣ֪˶೤ʱ䡣վſֱۡ
СèŰâĻ

ۼҵߴӣʮĽ𵤾ŽףͬʱҲһλʦ
ֱϵӣۼҲڱȽƽӹһ
ִ½ĿʱԥύԼǰƬĿܴʯѲ顣
֮⣬йۼҡ¼ҵڶӣӧ
һѲ̱ɽ氲Ĺǧ£һʮˣۼҵӣۼҵӣһ¼ҵӣԼһλŵӡ
ԹǧµʵߣΪԪӤס
ǧ忴һ۹ǧ£ȻջߺԼߵ˵䣬Ȼֿһۣźջߣͱ˵
ǧ£
˵˵īǧ°ۣƳ塣
ٺЦһȺ˳ݵ£ʵǧ£ǲǺͽϺ찡
ϣָ
ǧ˹˹ɣϾһġ
۾һЩŤؿڣܲܰһ°ĽϺþˣ
ǧƹüۼ˵ȹˣеʱʲô
ʱ䰡̾ڿܴԽԽ࣬ҶδһֱѲӣԽݣôרѲӴš
ǧЩʣʱۼҵļλ˵ȫȨŽϣΪʲô
ȻΪڷˡ
ڣǧ΢㶣ҵڲͷ𣿡
Ц˵ͨʯģڡǰӣʱֳ飬ȻԽΪпܰѽϴۼҾ͸ˡ
ǧóĬƬ̣þúŸпһĶĲ
Ȼôʱ򣬾ѹ˽ƶԻΪۼδ䡣
ǰɡЦЦʵʱܶ˶ģڣǶϸˡ
͹ǧµĶԻһ
λˣϧǲʱʦҲһͱչˣ۵ķз
ȥʱμʦǣû
ϧ
忪˸ͷ£˹һۡ
ۼڣϤ䵽һ鴫ʯ飬ֻܰ°ĵؼ⡣
ǧس°ͣԱ죬ѹֵ£ֻѲĵôˡ
תۼĵڡ
Բ֮ҹϵȴԲԱĵĵǹȻʧɫ
߳ɽ͸Ž˼֪ͻε˴Աߡ
ɿµĴţʼǿǸϣڵϡ
˸ʱԹʯһŴڳԽԽǿߺɿʯĵײֻη
һ󣬵Ѳٴι飬ȴֵطǰһڵĿȫʧˡ
عƽвĲݣ־ߣ»ΪԭȾ⸱ģ
ͬ飬˲ĵظ飬Ȼҹڴԣʯ⣬µĴӸ޸
˾ˣڷʯߵ뷨
޼½оſܴš
ϡϡˮסֵطУôҽͷöȴֻ޼ա
ʧĪߵʯԡ
Ȧź֮ǰ޶̧¶ͷԼ̫ţȻҡҡͷת뿪
תһ̣ͻȻʧƬϮʯϷ
Ȼͷͫ
ʯڷ⣡

ɽУǧ±˱ۣȻһȦü廹û𣿡
ûһλۼҵӣĴողɽأ
ǧ·ֻӧصȥ
岻ˣ˵˵ͳɽĴˡ
ȹǧ¿ܼʱѾˡ
ȫ˻ɽǧһ̧鱣ԪӤڵԪڱԼļס
˷ӦʱѾۼ˵ͷ
ֵ˲佩ӲȻһʧȥʶ
ǧµһ/ǹɽȻ󲻹ܲ˵ĳɽȥˡ
ܴѾûлظû鱣ˡ
Ȳ壬Ҫ˱ס
ٳһһڸĳϾ͵ˡ
ǧҧ嵽棬/ǹھۼͷĹӰͼǿиƲǲ㿴Ŀߡ
ܴͲǱ壬Ǹ壬ͶµĿ߾ǿ޼½ߵΨһ
ҲΪʲôɱܣͱȻе

ǧ»ǹ£͸Ŀײһ𣬷߬ס/ǹײûڿѡ
ڶ¡
¡

ǧԼ׸˶ߣȼͷƱ͸󣬼һһߵϣɽ
ײλӱѵɽؿŹǧڷƵַΧ
ǧó/ǹŵ뽫Լɽ
ϧһ
òײ͸ƲͻȻ籩ۼøĿգۼͼǧ²ס
ƯԪ
ǹǧ֮ǰһ仰漴޾ĺڰ
һеļ尾ʵ򲻹Ϣ䣬ǧ¾ˣԼȴ˿С
ǧǹۼҽŵĺ֮һʮԪӤףһ㡣
ű塪
ػһĳϿٸʱľǹǧԵһĻ
ǧ£ۼ˫Ѫ
ŭȶһֱ͸ĿߣҲʱſվŵˡ
塹̵תϣͶżֹŹֵϼһҵ
㡪϶վˣһ۷ֱ˭
ǡ塹壡
ս˶֪Ҫɹ;ͱ븽壬Ҳڿߵĸ²Ĵ
ǰܣͷûκƣ
ĴΨһƣƮ˹ǧͷϡ
ǡ
塹ȻЩΪķᲢۡ
㵽˭оضš塹
塹һЦҽһ£һܣʵ
ֻüһܡĸ֣ͱ֪ӺζĿֱӴ͸Ѫա
ʹ̧̼סߣϺ޾Ŀ˿
µĿ絶⧲ֻܶܣתۼͻȾѪ˿ƵĵطȾŰĹâ
ʹľдʱֻʣ¡һܡĸ֡
սչǰµĿܻ֣֮ǰ½桢û˼Ŀ/ʵΪڡ
ӵһ˼Կ/ܵĶܣʵΪԪӤ
ɭǽʮ궼ûһܣ˵ʵΪ񡭡
вλĶɽǿߣ֣֮
ЩǴ˵Ķɽǿ߲ˣǿ²̵ܽˡ
ǶɽһǿߣƫؼӵʱɶƤԡһ޶ķ䵽ǰǲһ
Ѫ죬þûǱ֮£һĿ־塣
⣬һܵʵ
ûֻ֣ƿ߽й
﷢䣬»ԵĹǧ£ҧýѪ
ϼһҪҵĺ¡塹ߣ˹Ů޵壬ҡҪˡ
һ䣬Ʋһ
塹ϵ·޷裬ԳӰӣԼɼ֮ڵ
Ѿסǵڵ壬Ȼ󻺻źϣؽǧҧס
ס֡ס֡
ŭĿԲҲ˿߼Ĺ⻤ϣһеͷƬײȥ
꣡꣡
Ϊìײ
ɽԪҪǮһӿֻһӲ˺ƣͼǿߡ
ҵҪϼһﻹжԪɫЦһΪһһڲдԪ
ĿôôϷ˵˹ǧͷߣ˲ЩϮߡ
ڵϣǿ֮ĩ
ɫԼʳЦԽŷ
һҧ£ȴҧס˹ǧˮ
⿴ֱۣӺˮɹǧµԪ
ˮ˲飬ˮڵϢȫɢλעһ
ɫ˺ҧǧƽɫԽ԰ףϱ߲ڿУڵԪݽߡ
ǧԪɽ˽ƴں湴մͼ޼೤ϵ
ʱˮɢȥһϢĪƮ·ԼԼɢż⡣
΢ƫ׵ĵɫâͬʱĽâڻڵ·ԡ
ɲǼ䣬âײƣǱײ֧˲߽⡣
ٶ֮죬˶ûӦ
š
ոմֱȥ˼ȴ͵ֹסŲͶϱߵա
פء
ۣһ˲ʧԭء
л˵
һȫ濪ս
ǣôôգ


158 ֣ս
ٵĿռԾ, Сèɻ󿪿ڣˣ
ܡȷֻһܵմȾϢԪ
Ԫôܳ˭ļ¼ˮˣ
Էһֱڿ, ˲ƣתۼĨԪֵĵطһ޼ʵïɭ֡
غһۿۼڴλ, ۼҴҲС
һ, Ѹٷȥ
ǧ±ľѣҲ˱ѶֱӾˡ
ڸػĳȫ˹, ۼҴϸͳ嵽￪ʼѰˡ
ֻǶӵʱˣƬɭɷƽ˾, ûκη֡
ۼҴ϶޲ߣֵֻܸܵĿռ䲨
޷ͻƣ֧Ԯ˾ͷӬһĴײȴá
͵˽ͷö֮, ˹
, ʲôʱصģ
Ѷʱ˽һӰһǰһ䵽ѯʡ
ϡ˸к, ͷոճۼͷʱɺͽ, ü, ˵
ʱҲڣ
ۼҴԭ͵ɫ, н,ȫҲ, ˱
ʱɵɫ˱䡣
۴϶û취ѰĿҲ
Ի̷ɵУѰҸողʧĨԪڷλ
ֱӴɡ
սȻֱʹɵڶʽ졣
Ļ۷Ԫмʱɡۼҵȳ϶ԸоηĿռ֮
Ԫӣγһ޴İƣֱӴӿ¡
ԭƽ͵ɭò˳һȫɢ¶·ܲĿ
֮£͸Ŀסݽϡ
ϵѪѾȾ˿ߣ϶´͸ļ򣬻һִ¶ϴ͸˫/ȣʳһڰС
·Ƿ˻Ӱ֪Ϊη˷裬Ĵײľɽ
ǧºѪɫĻڵϣһ֪ûϢ
ǰ˾ͣһ˲ٸ¡
۳ϵڽһУȫȥ
ǰ峤Ϲϵã˫ͨ죬ƴѾѪϡ
ʱɺ͹۴˲Ӱ֮
ڽǿк俪ĽʱɽＸλŬõĴڼϡ
Ƿһس˳ڼλϵڻ½ǧºɽֱӴ뿪
峤һȭϴ͸ϵĿߡ
ʧȥƣھӲһĹӣ峤׾ٵؾȫ
סϣ𣬿ٶСĵؽЩڵĿڻ
Ϸ±ֱӴ˲ƵɽԣǿӲ峤ϻ˻صȥ
Ķ̫죬գۼͽλߣ峤ԵĻᶼûС
к֮Ƕãֱʱɡ۴ϵ࣬šüɨڵϷҴܵӰ
µļλüţ֪Ӱӵô¡
ʱɵʣӰҲǿ𣿡
üҡͷҲ
ɻ嫣ڽࡣ
ӰЦһǿܣһܣΪʲô
ζһͷƣЦЦǿиʱҧ˹ǧµˮȻϢ˳ɰϢȻ顪
˿ƣЦеʧܣʳ
˻Ȼɫӵһ۽
Ĳ״ǿɶǼˣҲ뵽һжǿС򵥵һϢʹһܡ
ǲϲа
û˵ֻǻӳռ֮޵Ӱס
ܸʧ⵽ɣֻڵԪٱըıԵ
ԼվŵˣʵҪ۲𣿡
ǻû˵嫾üֵ̧һԼĶͷãϢҿһֱŪǱߵĿܱǿ޶޲
á
ָһռ֮˲£ɫգۼҷ
ܣֱߵɽĴ󣬷š
һϢ뾡촫ˣ

ħţϲ۽
ʮ޴ɫ屻ҽϷҽУͷɴһ޴ʯͷϣĿ
һ̣ҵĺɫͻȻҵĲڲƽı濪ʼѣ¶ʹŤ
˻Ȼ͸ɴסѵǸɫ壬
Ȼˣ૵漴֣һϢĿ
˿ڵ֪ͨڣ޼½ԶˣȰۼҺ͵ҩȺʦ
ǡƽӦ£գۼԭʧ
޼½š
λϻصµȻһϡǧ¡ѾڻʦĽΣա
ʱɲٵʱ䣬ֱӽһֵܳ鴫
һ٩٩̸һ/ܱܲ廹Ӱ»ʦʦǵˡ
ܱĳ˵ʬ壬Ǻ»ʬۣǱĻʬۡ
Ӱ⣬ԣ౸һԹһһ
һ߰סˣԪתԪͿ߶Կӳһ㼱ȵʱ䡣
˱ܸˣ˿⣬ǿӲһֻ𺦵;ĶҩȻнҩ֣ܸҲҪתԪģ
˵һָһ½ȻԴգգۣʾǶҵ˼ɣ
Ķأнҩ
˵
ÿλӴţܳ׸ʱһŶԵȿٷⶾ
ˢˢ򽭳۷Ź⡣
΢΢ףҩӶ᳤ʱʦ֪ҩƷƹ㿪ʦƾƲ⡣
ʱɲɵҩۼưɣϾĵ
֪ƷۼҵĲطҲǽѪԣ뾡Ʒԡ
ЦЦͷʱɵĺ⡣
ӵ޼һֵİźѸٰźƾʦһãŲһƳѲʹõĵҩ
һ棬ʦרעڽϵơ
ҲصṬطǺнϵؼĵر˸飬ʦ˲Сѹ
ϣרעƾʱˮԬʧˣ
ԬʧǰʵĪͻƵ˻ڣɱ˸Ѳӣһöͨ
ۼҵͨ
ϢһҲҵ󣬳ʧ
ܲǲթۼǱֻ۰غͻڸ߽׵λϡ
ҩһΪۼҵĴУһΪػ½ԽϾľơ
ۼǴ½һߣȻǿǷĵһ
򸽽ǿյϢȫۼңҪۼҡ
ͣλƣգۼϵۼڵɽͷóδ뿪ʱöƣ˳ͨۼҡ
ڽۼҵһ̣ڵ骻Ȼۣ򽭳ֻڼӽʢС
Ѹٻأ֪ͨʱɣʢ뿪ţĿĵӦвɽţ
ɫͱ䡣
вɽʼܴ

ۼŷȻͬȦħ޵ۼҵħ޶ΪҰҰۼҵӵĹϵá
ڲӰȫǰ£ǻԶۼҸħҩԼְݣħµƤȡ
ΪۼѪϲۼ˵ħ޶ԣǷǳѺõϢ
һۼأͱָӿħ޸ΧסͣĲ
ڽռİ嫣
ӸҺ׻үˣ
һӾʹռ仯è굽ȻŭһȺûħޡ
׶ʮ
һȺħ޲ÿЦã̧ǵԴʵ֪۰𣿡
۶ү𣿡Сʡ
Ŀ¶ϲǻ˵
ѽ
Ƕᣡ
֮ǰۼҵСӸι˵Ч
࣬һһҺҫ
˵˲Ŷ
ữأ
Щħ޻˵ٺòˡ
æ֪۰ڵħޣһ·ɽѰɽƬƽ̹޼ʵɫҩ
һһƬҩҩɽһˡ
·Сվҩǰ·۶үǰ춼û뿪ǰȥɡ
һ˵һ߱QʮıܿЩҩӡ
Ĵۣܾмֹ졣
Сè˦βͣɨһ£̫ˡ
ǰ̫ˡ
ŲᵴҩҶӣͣ˽Ų
СǰQ£ûˣɻͷʣôˣ
ѾĬʮˡ
ȻŵǿҩҶӣ»عʮǰڶ̬
Ͱ˲侯յС΢΢
Сͷǰ𣿡
ӼϢȻЦһ㳤ûͦԳƵġ
С˶١
˵Ļᣬëƶһ˾޼ۼҵͳˣֻʣʦλϣλ޼˶Գأ
ÿ˵һ֣Сĺ˼֡
ϻһ¡
էּ䣬С㻮ڵĴƬռ䡣
֮ǰƬɭһ룬ǰĿռҲ糱ˮӿ㲨ˣ/ȥһƬڰ
ûۼҩûɽ࣬ûиոﻨȺϢþ
õľ֮£һڵĿռ䣬ɭϢڵҪ븹
ִɣ̧ӳ
ɽ˸䣬ɱħɱħοһùĶϢ
ʲôˡ
ҫ˺ڰֱֱѺУ̵ʹһ̧סǰĹ
߹˲ɭϢڵĵط
ڵ£ֻЩ׼ҵһˡ
ǡ
ڰĶſ˰䣬ʣ°䱻ֱ˺Ѿ˵˻ɤӣʹڵϴ
ɵĹǸϣڿĹģ
ħгβ첲ȣұβ
ڵĺɫڹâз⣬ͬڵճࡣ
ͬ˵⣬Ҳ½ԵĹһþԡ
ɣؿһȫ
ˡ
ȷ۰ص˹ȥûܵ˺߿ܸ󣬽˿
ǰ˰߹˻𺿽бУֱóöҩ۰˻ѡ
ҩҩЧü죬ûʰǰķӣ۰غλϾѾѵ״
˻ڻУ嫵ߴ٣Ҫ̫ãɱ˾뿪
ǿܵˣǶԷȼǿ̫࣬ٿҲûãʧȥЧơ
ҹζࡣ
Ȼֱӽǰ˰ߵնɱɾ
ǰȴһ㶼֣ЦɱңɱȻ㽭ȥˣۼҶˣ
ɫ΢ֱ·
һһڶʱʧȥսճĹҲʧ¶ǰƬռıĿ
ǰĿֻ꣬Լɱòǿܱ塣
ػ죬СšⱾ£ҩȴǽһȫݻƷڡ
һʵϪˮҲֹɽԴֺͱڵȫʧ˰ѩ
ӡڴزãѩϣÿһƷѩⶼ̵ý۾ᡣ
ԶһЩۼݣҲضⶾ֡
Լ̫ûܱסʫ续ۼң
һ̣ûۼңڵۼѪҺҲŭķӿ
ѪıܷӦ
һ۰أѵ۰ط
ס۰أһԲ໹ڻԵλϣŬڵŭѹˡ
嫣ҡɤڻ嫡
ĬطԲλϡ
۰غһλϣĿǰ
嫰ο뿪ɡ
š͵͵Ӧ¡
ǵһ䣬Ѿ˺һѩ֨֨ص죬Īýﷺһ㺮
ҩˣ֮ǽ۰صͻš
һǳһŲȹǲѩɽµĴ󣬽ó󷨣Ȼȴûԭ˳
âȴڷĹ󷨣ûܳ׹â
üһֱһһƷʯṩϣҲû
⡪
Ͱ嫶һۣĳ˰ء
ͨͱ˻ٵˡ
óˮ룬ˮҲѾʧЧ
֮ǱټۼҶռУȥˡ
ۼҿռۼһֹһƿռ䡣
ΨһͨѾˣֻܼϣۼլǱûжͨ
ͬһʱ䣬ĴΧ
յϢűٵ󷨣
ۼҴ΢΢ۣ̾ûרѪͨһ˼·
ղ˽ȥ𣿡һλüȻôᱻˣ
ԱʩҪٴҲֻڴͽǼϢУǰ⴫ջûá
򴽣ӦǽϽȥˣٶȣյϢ̸Ϲڲ֧Ԯǿ֮С
ۼҴֱóˮϵ
ˮ޷Ӧ
޷ˮ˳Ĭ
üͷ壺ֻΪ˻ͻã¡
ǹ⽫ۼҿռı
ǶԴ½
δعۼң۰صĳ£֪ܲѪ
ң˳۰ˡ
ҵܲռĻܣǱ߿ܻѪ
ǽͻۼµĿռ䣡
ϸ˼֡
£ۼҴ϶ò׼Ǻá
˼ȥ侲ɢʯǿµȦףٽǵӾ͸ˣȫ
ӦѸɢصԭȵػ㡣
ٿԽɣӷ·ܿĵȥ
˳һʱһ˷Ѿ˼ҪԳǾ˵µĴڡ㲻֪ͨҲѳءõˡ
һͷҧأĿⶸȻ
ڽӵһϢ󻹲죬Ϸرˮһս£ÿһλ߶ߡ
ֻһ¡
ߣȫˣ
شݵϢҲѾ˳ʱɣ˵һʱǰвɽ׽ýʢ
ħţ϶۽
ͷɴ۽ޱ鿴Ϸһľ
´شȴûʲôϧĸоһУµľְˡ
һһܣһֵˡ
˻߳ҽ̵ܲĿܣǱ׼Σ
ܹش𣺡ʮ˳׼ҪԹڣͽ
΢΢ۣ׼
˵ʱ̧ժסɴ
ɴ£ϵĻƻ𣬶ȥû˿ɫļ
ʶһϵĻӡǣ״ܹ˿磬ʵȼյĻ档
ͷ͵øˡ
˷֣һһһܣʮܸڣ/ܺаš
ǡѯʵ˵Ŀǣ
򡣡
˵ȻһܡǧܡԼʣµˣȫҽˡ
ܵȥš
̧۽ʱϵĻ潥˼֣ޣȼա
ҹ׼˽㳲˶ĵ硣
׷ڣӳŤķ
ȫ˿첽߳ʮ۽
ʧȥ۽ʵûֻʣһʵ㹻ˡ
뵽˻õһĻ˹𴽣޼ɵӿҫħŰա
׼뿪ʱһżֳᰣôȥأ
ŵĻ漲۶ת˲ǰ
һ⡢
ᰣ𾪵ɫ۵ף󴽽ṴȴǻҲڲ⡣
Ķ֡Цſڣ˪ѩ䣬ҡ
л˵
Ǹcpв䣬ȥèè桪


159 ߴУ飬һս
߿֮, âңš
𡭡롣ᰳĬƬ̺󣬼ѵؿ˿ڡ
ڰУĨӰ, ʶ
ᰵĻ񣬻Цñֹ£, ǵүү, ֵÿ佱
Ϥһ˲ʰ쵣ȫعƽ, 侲Ʋ/ֻһİˡ
ƽڣþò
һЦ,Ǻþˣһ˰ɣôڵĻ𣬻ûոɾ
᰺΢΢£, Цһ͵, ȻúúñС
úñЦ÷̣˲˪,úñ͸£Ǵʲô߰أƿܣһĻƿܡҶġ
᰺˼, ߬סȭ, ԼԻֵͷ
ô, ǻ, ԵҲǻ,
ǵΪȡʸԸϵһ
뱻ңִһƣ
ֻǶȥŭߵĹԼջϵԪصʸڻһƣðʱѹĻϵԪأø۽ͲʹԪ³
һʹԼ侲Ի롣
ĵвȫΪʵȻˣǽµ̳ˣ
̳עҲαΪء
ЦڣΪ˭һѶϣС/أôˣ
ɫͱ䡣
뿴Ȼջߡ
һҪ÷С/˵ȫһҪ˻˫˫ޣνʱʦ
¾鿼ȥѡ»񻹻ᱻڹɵð̡
Σͷ᰷ִһȻ˺ѷε˵ҪȾƶҪȫ
ȷʵòȫЩ̹ףҲԹۣҲߵ
ϧ磬û
벻ĻֱӴһ߲Ҳٶѿ࣬һƻӳȼյĻ档
㵱ҪҶ֣᰽Ż롣
һøȸ˲γһΧС
죬ţͬھ
ܴѾٽĳǵĺĿȴʼûг֣ûյ˵Ϣ
ۿ˹涨ʱѾҪˣΪ׵Ķɽǿ̧ͷɫЩɣԲ˵ɵòͷߴٵʼ֮˴𣿣
뵽³Ϊ׵Ķɽǿ߻һԸˣԭƻУҰɭƷˡ
ɽǿһ£ͬĹâգϯֱ̽õķ֯פء
ܲ
Ѿڴ˵أɭͨˮ汻𲽲Ļأڣˣ󣡡
ǡ
ܼʮλɽǿߣһǧλǿߣǧλԪӤǿߣȫλ
ɭͷŹâʢӣӴżڴ
ΪͨطնλػߣԿѾΪһһҪڶǿ߲ǿ
ħԿףӳӦеɡ
޼½
ҹעǲ֮ҹ
вɽĻսʼʢִʱһǰҲһܴš
ʢڵĶѸٱѾħҪȫŵĵһͬھ
ʱŭѣ󿰿ֻ˽ŵӣһ֪޾оͱԼε˵
ٵӵĶԱвɽ򳹵Ϊ˼
̲ݿݰܣްľƬظ䣬Ϫˮˮĵԭ͵ɭ֡
Ƭʱ䣬ƬɽѸΪһͬ
Ҫǡ
ЩвɽɽͶҲˡ
ʱͶֻһ֣Ķʯɽײ
Ͷһ̣ʢµһͬâڰ··١
ǧƵĿȺʱҲסһ
ϡ
šŵĵں棬
ʱɳһͺȳסڣ
ǵĺҹڶ൤ҩķߡ
һղƣǾһջϣŵʱ
ͬ޼½ࡣ
ֽʢ˽ǰвɽ骱뿪ڵ׼
ħź޼½֮߷˽ڽһλ棬ʧְ
֮ǰйƣܲĶԿ޼½֣֮عȫػλ氲ȫΪء
骰ڱǰھȴЩѹϵĹʧ
ʱ֮ˮ˸Ǳ߷һ顣
ʢŵԱر
骱ۣϵĹЩ
вɽͶӡ
ϵع򣬿ʼʧˡ
ܴ
顣
ˢۣɫķġ
һǿ˺ѵ󣬷Զ飬ɢ⣬ε
Щǧطʧˡ
ǳǳһǰıףĲӡһǡ
常
߽عҪˡ
šվؿһۣȻزס˳ع
ؾȳ
Ҫȥǡ骿ڴĻЦغڣȽˣûˡ
ûе߼м骵ڶ߳عһ߳
Ŀ뿪콻ߣȻɨһȦﻹڸ˾ְİǡ
ưΪħֻΪˣ޼½һƬǲƫȥľء
һһ󡪡

Ԫÿһλ˶У˺ɣѸٸϵԼλϡ
Ϊʮĸʱҹһ䱸
طɵλò鿴һȦ
ÿһͻӭ˵ѯʵߣЦЦظǱֿʼôˣغûˡ
һңԳһЩİֱӶſȻµĺֵؿʼ׼
׼ҵķΧɣҿս˻ôԾЦ
ֱһţסǵļЦ˵õıǰأһ㶼û˼
ǣǡ
˦ص֣ƳһۣȥѲˡ
һСں汧Թ̾常ȥˣҲȥˣʣôŶ
⻰밲ο䣬ͷЦʱ˸ۣ
Цеش󣬡治Ұ
ǰһۣ˵һݡ
Ѹǰһˣסعϣɺ׵齫
ǲϷգƵĺӰǵصϮȫǰˡ
ر˵ڵصһ˲̷Ӧֽ̧ӡȥ˻
͸ɫâһڵ
â֮⣬һڵ˵ͷŽƬ򣬾ǸźˮҲܿ¿ٱܵˡ
أǡǴбƳ֡
ֱǰƷߣǰʣټһʡ
Ҫ
ȫϣԱڹǴ򿪣
ͭɫĶͷֱð
ͣ˲Ĺﻺ̧ͷˣʬ⣬޷˵س嵽棬Ա
顪
һһıը͸洫ףͷ
Ѿص˺ףһ¶ɻֵ̿ˣһβǿЦǷˣŪǣҲҪͬھ
ǸںԳһʱ䣬ҳָʱʰԼĶ˵ˣһʱҡһʱһͬˣ𣿡
ĬһĳĬ
һըУŭһˣľˣҲҪЩը
ûˣҲҾ˻ܱ𣡡
ģ
Ĺʲôţ


غȻǰЩźˡ
ƷУʵСһ
常ҵѪȴû˽ÿһλҵĳޡ
Ʒܾĥʮ꣬ޣûκζܹϴ
ɻĶңʼ˻İֺǺǿڣҵģõǣǻùˣֻҪɱǾҲֵˣ
ԣ
ҪԪեϹͷû£
һһЦ·һض࣬Ƕһۣ˽񾭣Ī
ڵľƣûôѡ
ͬھ
ҲҪŪ
ͷ˵Ԫ£ȸһ㣬аĥųȥһһܵ֡
ؾ뷨ʼǷɢȥ͵Ϯ󲿶ӵĺš
ȱŭͷԵӦѾɵ˽ٸƷȻ̳ˣᡣ
ǰҲССְˣغǼڣЧ΢
תѾ˴ʱ䣬ҡҡ׹
ͷϡĺˮ֪ͨңʱ˵׼
вʣҲֻνʼ֯˳ˡ

ʮʱ
ܴͰ˳ȫִ½ѾȥʮʱΪص򣬷һ
ֱ骸ϵǿӲ˲Ͻһܣ˲ŵõ˰촭/ϢĻᡣ
Ѿ˽һߵķߣٿǰѹѹңңڵĿܴʱɺ͹ۼҴ϶˶Ʒ˼־
طȥ骻ָʵҪһЩʱ䡣
ڵʵʱ۶λ޼ʱһ˸һһܣΪȡָʱ䡣
òѰüֻᣬһƺƷ˵һܣ/Ϣأ˼öҩ
ϵߣ鼸öԭٷ˿ϣʣ𣿡
Цŵͷģû¡
üؿһηɵգתصֱ¯ƾ
ΪֹۼҡҩԼ½Ҵʦȫۼڷߺ󷽣һֵ̲ͣҩֻҪǰʹõĵҩǳ¯
¼ҡؼҡʦ޸ȷÿһλж滻
̻Ϊף̻ᶼ˽óĵرԹ󷽲
ΪͽˣⰬǬֳϷӲκãͽ﷭ɽԽ룬Ѱҩġ
սˣجĽһǵҩҩĴˡ
ۼҩѻ٣㽭ˣҩĵĹǸ⣬취Ѱµҩ
ⰬǬͷͳ嵽ЩδĵضΣ
ˣԼķʽӻս֣ǲ֪ⳡսҪʲôʱֻҧţƴš
ⰬǬһϲգĨûֹͣȵĸоڡ
˶ڳţҲҪүסŻ
ⰬǬջߣݵһ䡣

ʮʱۼºּ
ۼҵĴ۰ػۼҵλϴ۵Сۡ
Ҳǵ۰󣬽֪ҩɽҰҰû٣ֻǱĸַۼĿռС
ۼҶĵ·ˣòҵıѪҲǹˡ
Ѫ󱻻ٺۼҿռͻԶһ¡
Ҫһ£³ȥͿˣֻʣֵĿˡ
ڵǼʶİ嫣Ҳ޲ߡ
ۼҴ潥գڿڣ˳Ĭٵȵȣܿƻ裬ǾһΡ
ʲô
ԲĬˢˢ
ȣۼҴСȴĿƵŽ
ȻۼҴУ
ϵͷ̾һۼҵָߣͻҲҪۼҴеġ
ۼҴҪڻƻ֮տȵ̫ȫһ̣ʯȼ㡣
˰Σ̧èԴգһۣǳѾдˣۼԸ𣿡
дУһֹһ
ħİ񴫳Уİ񴫳УȻ֪⴫еľ棬հǶԷͿ϶⡣
ۼ桭
û˽Ը
дС͵ס
ڼ˵ע£ͷȷʵС
èצӣ˻Ρ

ϵһԱ߲סļˣЦõͬλּ̳𣿡
ˣôĹּ̳ˡ
һλ۰أͽô͵𣿡
۰Ҳе㽩Ĭ
ӣ嫴ʲôּ̳ˣ
²ؿգ񴫳жǳµӡǣͨħĿˣԪԶħߵӡǣ˵ħŴϿɡ
ҲͨĿˣĵȼӦøһЩһӡǸ㣬ͱ뿪λ棬Զֻһӡǣʣһ֮ٸ㡣
λߵĻҳ֮Ӱ𣿡
ȻС嫽͵չǳӡǵĳߡôλĻһʱͨߵĿ飬Ȼµ֮ʦͽơ
λʵ޼½࣬иϵģõӡǣԭʼʵȼһȣλϵҲкܴĲͬ
ӡǡ
嫴𣺡λ󣬾Ҫͨ߿ˣΪϵļ̳ߣϵĴӵŷ
ǳ˳飬ͦģ̲סһ䣺Ҫûͨأ
嫣ضɽʵ˻ԭʼλ棬

ͦҲС
ЦһҪߴе黹ûֹλλǶϵעҪѡ񱻰һڻص޼½ͷ
߿ҲģһСľɥĿܣһ߿ˣο
ոڿЦʵͬµˡ
ߴȷʵã֮ľǾ޴ĶĲգȥİ취ͬ⽭ðٽһλߵĴС
˵󣬰ҲûôǿӲ̾ЩҵĵİˣҪ뷨ҲԲùҡ
ﲻһİ嫶⽭λߵķգƬ̣Ǿۼٿ
лƻһ죬嫶һ߿ɫߣŤͷص
ʵûлƻ裬Ҳܱһ
ƻ죬̫׳ɽµһ̣λȫá
۰Ž⡣
Źһʱ䣬ϴõţƣɣѾˡ
߽ȥ
λվ࣬۰
һվ룬̧ͷܿƮڿеɷǵñӰ
ۼ洩һ£ͷɢɢ԰΢֡
Ǳ־ڿٵʲôֱ΢΢ĲţǸǵģ֫嶯ӲƻЩ
˰죬滹ڵԼ飬ۿһεŲ˶ãӲͷƤڵ棬λǽ

涯һ٣ѸתڴϵĽѰˡλá
ſλۼò
ƺ÷ǳã׷Ũܣ׺ӳϵأϿһǰƣӤĶۻ
һһٴ۵С۶Ƭ̣ȴ档
ҵشֹҲôϹƭң
ɤӣҵ㣬Ϊҵĺ˵ۼҺ㡪ûʲôڵĵط
˵ţüʣˣ
ס
ףۼֵȻƭңиʲô츳
ûʲôӦ۰صüһۣҲò廰
ڽСèըˣֱιͷҼҳѧ꣡
ۼըëıһͣꣿ
۰ҵ˵ǰһ棬ʮ꣬ʮʱΪ𵤶ף˺жһ޷ʮָʼϰԴ׻ԪƾŶ߶
˵Цһۣ˵˵ڵĵȼ
һʦһèڸųӣôϺȣֱ˵ػش𣺡۷壬ס
һһ£ۼ첻ߵıҲˣȵʣѾ˰񴫳У
ûԥͷǣѾݰ񴫳С
˻
ۼɫױˣüŽ֮󣬲ſڵ絹ûʲôˣʦĶѣɲصλֻóҿĶ
棬档
Ĭ
Ҫ󣬶ʵһĽ˵ˡ
ȴûӦںͰ嫴
嫺ߺ˵ĿѲѣѣ۾Ͳɣ
ʲô߿һۣ
𰡣
϶һݵҪһݽ𣬵һݽӵ˵ɡ
ۼ涼ûô
Ѱ˼Ƭ̧̣ͷ棬Ҳߴдķգһ£ۼҴУΣ𣿡
ڰ֣ΣʲôΣͷͲզأҪǹۼͷקһѣҲʦ˾ҪʦӣҵĿˣȻ
˵Ųþ཭һۣСһĵǲСôȷ㣿
õش𣬽Ͱ˷ˡ
Цһ׵ҿѯʣġ
滨׵üë߸𣺡Ǿҿġ
Ļû˵һӣȸԾĽɫָԾֱӰɶ˺ڡ
滩صɴۣʶǰգϸ۲Žһ֡
𡪡
𣡣
۾ɵüڵȷǴ˵еĽ
Ƽ𾪵ı飬֪ˣ룬롣
Ͷ߻𶾣Ŷ߶ء
أȫ
ɫĽɫͶɫĳ߻𶾣ɫľŶ߶ء
ֻҪߣ֪Щʲô
˵ȫ˽⽭ˣһ·Ž߹۰ض㿴
ϸоԼĲӶҪˣǵ۰أָָ̧ѵѯʣͽܣ
ˣ
ôħްɣô඾
žУһԼ
죬Ȼؿһˣˣ⴫ˣʲôʱ磿͸㿪ͨ
漤£Ц棬µڻ޷뿪ʵ޼½֣֮Ҫȥ֧ԮۼҶͨȫϿ޷뿪űεȼꡣ
Դ½£̿סԼı飬ȻҪ뿪ۼҿռû⣬ھܴ򿪡
ۼʵλǳ˵ͯһϣһͽ
ԽĻʲô˲ˣҪʲô͸ʲôҪϵȥץһ
˫ͬ⣬ܴвգۼ䣬һ߿ռ䣬һһҪҩᰡ
߶û
ռѾˣʮָؽ͵棬˻ȫѹס߶
ʱʧſռ֮糱Ŀܣɱӿ
ɵգ䶢ΪĿȺ
̧סɣ£ҫ۶Ŀʢ߰ѳʮİѳ
ӹת˲䣬ܣɢ
Ѿץסôһ˲䣬ͼĿܾͻˡ
㶵Ľ⣬͵ػϲغǽϣϻˡ
л˵
ҺãҽرģΪǾǧָ£ˣ
Ȼ⸽TATµؼϢļƻ


160 
ϻˡ
һ˻, ˶
ƮڿУѭڿǵϤ
ڼ鼤սս, һʱ֧Ԯࡣ
ˣ˿ǰһܽ,ħԿ׻𣿡
һߴһӦ, ȻۼҵҩҲûл٣ۼҵļλӦѾϵȥˡ
˵, һۣҪ
骣Ҫͨ
˵ţסԿ׳ǰ, һ·ϵʦʦۼĵط
常骣΢Ӧˣ
ˡٸƣȻȥæ, ùҡ
˵, ֱӱ۾ϥ
ԿӦ»ֻ˫ɵĺһ, ڿ衣
ֵһܻûӦʱɱѾŽâ, һġ
ʰһܴ, ʶػͷһۺ, ĺɫâ
嫴â׼λͨ
骳ֽͨ, Ȼǰһ, Ϊ˺ɭϵǰԿγϵ
΢˲ɫĹâѾ齨ɣγ˲ʺ㴿ɫͨ
ǡ
ѭͷһ죬ܳͣһ˲·ٰǿȥ
ǿֻһͬѰĲʺâ
ֻΧʦʦʲô
͸ɫĹâӰӰ´µȺ
λۼҳϿΪ׵ˣȿڣɭ
Ӱǰæµɭڳֻлͼλۼҳʶǡ
ɭ˶ͻֵĲʺҲܲ죬һҵάֳڿռƽ骣˲Ȼ
λͨʵҪķһԪᴭڵſά죬һҪٿһȽͨǱߣǱҪͿڡ
˵ࡢۼҳϺͳ¼ҳϣͨţλ涼Իͨ鷳λˡ
ǱǿҪطԴıضΪأǱ߱Ȼȱٵҩ֮ࡣ
ͬģ˿԰æʹ½Ҫǿߣάսƽ⡣
һſں˻֮࣬ΪľԴͨ
ȫӦãͳ¼ҳ̿ʼԴǱжԽӡ
Ѿ׼һڵعš
ûħԿ׽ϵһȣֻԪΪûڣҪķѸʱ䡣
󷽲ѾλħϢиʯͷ
ЩѾƻأͼ󷨵Ŀܾǣ¶ѪЦݡ
ոյҩ۲ҷſ˴
ԴȫλЩ˲Ĺ֣
ֵǣϣͷҸߺһ̧ĨȥϵѪܲǰ壬ֱӺǰһܸϣɱۡ
ɭһֱٿħԿףԿ˶ʮħΪһԸ
زˣû¶棿
ĿܴԼ߿ʼƣĳԱɭԥ̧ħԿס
ңɭԶԶͨ󷨴䵽ҶУǣ
գ˷ӦԲļλɽǿַһֽ
һԲͷҪٶȽǺֱ£һܺ䵽ǵʯ
⧲һ֮µǿסκ׼ŭˣ̧˫ֱ˺ԼƤ¶׹ɭɭĹͷӡ
㣬
ͷŭһЩ׹ǹֱӱɸ̣ۼžҪɴ⬡
˷ֱܲվǲơ
ڹͷӷŭҪʱҵʯˡ
գۼ䣬Щʯڲ֪ǣ˾޴ͷʯͷˡ
̧˫ּۣ򵥵ֱۣȴŷɥһûУֱӾͱ˫档
ʯͷ̧֣£̧֣¡
ѭҶһᡣ
һ䣬طͬʯͷˡ
ɽǿ߶Կһܣʯͷ£һ˲ͱ˴֮УȻҷ
ЩʯͷˣǸжɽ۷ʵɣ
ǰǰɣ
ҿˣع̲סϴ˧
Ҳǵʱ˲ɭ꾫ϸѡѡصѡ˸ʯڻԭ
뵽˽ɡ
Եظп
һת۾ѾתɭΪʡħֹͣԿףʯͷָֻԭ
ھʣһܣһڶɽǿڽųֱӽΧסΧŹ
գۼͺȥ˽ʮħɭ̫Ѩп˾ħԿԪȻλɽǿߣλǿߣĿǰ޼½
ֻҪ߾ûΣԣǴ½ڡ
뿪ɭˣԷһ͵Ϯ
Σʱ֧ԮλǿߣõĴ½˲ϲ
ʱɺ͹ۼҵļλϢλǿߡ
Ͷ䵽޼½һʵʵԶȲϱ壬ǵĿǣһܸͳƲв
ǶԣѵĻ޿ײĿܳЩء
Ŀ޼½ڳܵĶغصظԮľɫĸɥĲʦоҪǴģ
һץסֵľƵʦȺϽƵҩһöҩһöҩ
ĥĥҿۣѰ˸յ¯¿
ʦʦ̶ϻ˻˵ѹ
ѾǰɱܣҲɲ١
ȻȺһһ󲿷ֶԭ޼½ͶҵǣǲǿܣǶЯ塣
ɱǣŭǽˡ
ɱʮܣ̲סˣ֧Ԯҵ壬ｻ㡣
û⣡ҿٽֽµķߣýųˡ
뿪ߵĵһ£ڡ
ֱھҲ˳Ĳٿߡ
վڽֱ࣬ʣô㣿ɺ𣿡áӿռһˮ
ǵʱڹµԪԪϵڡ
ȻˮˣɻǽԪ
ԪϿϢպ÷á
ʱ˼
ڰգǰ˳ܶǣתĻ顣
ѰԽԽԽԽ񣬷·ͷһҪǰĿռȫ˺飬գĹڽǰ
üŶǰԪ㣬Цһ
ޱ̧֣Ԫ˲ᣬȻǰڵĿռȥ
һţҪòܷء
һɵЦڴĿռ߳Цӯӯ򽭳Һҵ϶ģʲôʱ˵һ£˵һ졣Ҳûһء
ڵĻԭ΢Ŀܴһη
ڷսǾ뽭ˡ
ǸոҲļԼƲ⣬ܲµǿ˳ĻĲٿߡ
üͷ壬ġ
һԷս̧ͷ˻ӷɴۣڣ
ľջߣһһǰܲһƽ޲ģЩǰҷģŶȫóΪպߣ
ľ󣬵ҲûţΧһȦ˶ջЩɢ˼̾ۼר־Կǰĵˡ
֮ϣڽڵս
𽭳ɱ֮⣬ڵƽĺܡ
Ŀռ֮߳ʱϾǲһ㣬Ϣ͡
˵ʵеѡҲΪС
͸ڣҲ뿴͸ŵ˵Ŀ
ϾڵĴ£һĳܵƽҸ
ЩڱǣĽڵ
ĻǳǳЦǲͼǣǲս𡣡
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գһۣ΢΢ͷ˼ᰣţҲǿĿľǼ򵥵ͳһ޼½͵ħš˵޼½ɱףҪ֡
Ŀأ͸ˣҪڣȻ޼½ħΪʵ顣
ʣأ
ҰЦЦϵЦ˲ʧһ̴ŷѪ硣
ķҲֻ˶̶һ˲䣬ָƽţЩǸ򽭳˼ûס
ĬƬ̣磬뱣˻ϣԡ
֪㲻˵ôȷҵġ̾üЦʮź
⸱ģȫǸҪķִ֡
˼򵥵仰˾ɣµľƱ޻Ŀԡ
ǰһ뻹Цţһ룬Ũĺɫӿڶ֮ŨҪɡ
ŨӿؼҲ
·Ⱥףʦʱȼóѹ׵ߡ
Ũӿʱ򣬾һ˲ĳٶۡ
ɫͱ䣬ڣħԼ޾ȻǶ⣬ѣ
Ѹѣڰ嫵ڻ¿ԶŨĵط
ɣ׼ʹöƳЩŨҰäʱ򣬰嫼ʱֹɣħģһй
ħʲô·Ⱥѵսüͷ塣
ԼޣҵԼħħǲܹŶڵ˷дЦ
ʶתһȦüͷøˡ
оŨڵĻĴڡ
嫿䣺ؾõһ档ħ෴ħаܺ͡˵ϡг̶ȣħһ㣬Ϊ޻ᶨڵħֻ޷ܺŻѡؾ޳޳ħѴܻ漣
˵ţ̲סŭ˵ħ޳ֱôģ
ħļ壬һǼǧǰˣʱҲغƵԺħϷء
ֻ֣ܶôɺ𣿡
Ҳ
ҲûжԸħķӰ
Ũĳ֣·ǵֵԽǶԵеĿʦͨѧǵ
ˣ˲ȥڣæɵˡ
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ڡͺȳ
ЦҴ򲻹㣬ҲŪңǰⰲĴţˣȻȥ
˷ÿ˵һ֣ľͳһ֡
浶ʵǹ֮ʤе˵ǻհʽħģȥˣ·˱ɡ
ڳԶᶯɣҲڻģʽħǰõơ
Լ侲뵽ԼʼǸΣ뵽Լɿܺ
˲Ȼ嫴ʲô취ÿԼ
һٻܱʵǱʶߣÿܵʶǿܱҲԶ𣡡
˵߬ȭؼǣôģĿܣǵʶֻᱻģģʶۼһҲ׷Ҫ㹻ʯѹǣԪ洢Ҫѹסʶ
ʯ
һĨ΢뷨Խһ
ʱϵˮˣһⰬǬ
Ͱ嫶һۣѸٽ뽭ĿռУˮ
ⰬǬ𣺡ıԵһͨƿӣиָĽǰ˵ЩЩƳɿܵߵʶ
͵صɴۣģ
骵вɽıԵû취ȥҲͻƲˡӦǿµĽʵǿ޷ͨ
嫣Һͳסˣû취
˫ȫĬˮͣ˸ֻʣһƬš
˿ռеȫԻ΢ڵǰǸطж󣿡
骣вɽһɽ˼ĵͨĿⶴ֮󣬵ƿӲֻ࣬ʮ
ͨƿͨȻûװӦֻһڣ϶ĵط
ơ
骵̧ͷⶫвɽһʱûش
һϵⰬǬң㣡
ίεⰬǬһͫȷ
ȷ˵ѹʶҪӴʯʯҪȻܴڣôѹƴزȫڣҵѹƴܴ֡
ⰬǬĬ
ۣ޼½ϸصĿԡ
Ŷ骡۰ص˾ⰬǬʹ֣Ҳûڴһļž
˶ڵȡ
ûеȶãⰬǬˢۣ˼ֳɵؿڣдʯ𣿡
š
УͰ嫼ͬʱ
飡
Ǹܱ嫶ʳ˰ʯ
ⰬǬһɣ϶ţߣȥţ
źɽЩħޣǿ϶źɽѸٷԸ
骿ڵҸȥУͨڵѾˣ鷳ǰտһ£ﲻ̫ˡ
ͬǰˡ
ġǳǳӦ˾䣬ˮǰħǿҲԼʵڵħԼ߾ûͻס
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仰ýͰ˳Ĭ
嫳Ҫԣ
ԥ߽׶ֻܳһʱ
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˻ԥʱ򣬶ǵͳׯϵʱ𣺡ûãɡ
һһèס
㿴ǳ
ûֻͶӳһ档
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ͣظͣƣûһڱԹ
ں
Ѿ˵عе޷˱󣬳ǰڡѾԡѪۿɼǵƣ˴
ͨڵŽȥڶ൤ҩͼλɽǿߣǿסһֹ
еİƷƣһһֵĹ£ǶɽǿҲǺ
ǵع֮µķ֣µعڷ
ĸĵµ˳Ա
˻شȫɭһ֧ţһҪȫָ֣ÿһλ˳Ա
Ƶľ棬Щ֪ƣ͵/͹£ҲôöԸ
˳ԱϾ/已ǲǲ֪ʹĿܡ
һλ˳Աóٻɭһʱ󷨽ͻصѵϢ
Ȼǵڶλλ
ɭӣԭѸٹϵҲʼЩɡ
ɫԽԽ
ʱôȥǻᱻ
ǳתתΪһ档
ͬʱڵҪӡǣҾͻüȥ
һʶϿ
嫿ֱۣӱֿڣĹ֣
ĴȼյĻ棬ΪħޣõԼİ棬ô˵Ҫǿ᰾Ȼ˿ܳ
̲סǵжٿܣ
ЩûĻιĻܣֻʹһΣ൱Ԫ
ûĻ桪
ʹ˽ǿ֮ĶԹҲöġ
ںΣգҽӡ㣬ھͿԳȥ
ԣֱ˵ӡ

˵ôҿϣǰһУôҽ
ڽĿδʱЦظÿһˣȷʵ򲻹ҪǶ֣Ϳǰ˫ͬھĽֿ
ô򵥵һ仰˱ˣǵϣѱӡˡ
ɡؿڣ紺棬ᴵÿһ˵Ķϡ
ƨľӾǴҲ
̾ľ壬Ҳִ̫ѽ
壬ôֶӣֱҰ˱θڣľ֣һһ߿
ȰľЩϧֻȥȰˣΪǺãҪ翹ˣ
ɱһ죬ͱһڻӲų嵽ǰߵһѪӲģ
ڱƱǷֱӵɱ
һˣȻôӦڵƲԣԷ𣿡
ľˣ󺰵ҪʹҪɱɱôϻ
һɤӳڣԱߵ˶סˣĴָ
ڳĬãؿڣã㡣
ĸַ·ǴƳġ
ľ˸׼Цүү
Уſľ֮
ָԸΪ˱˶ˣЩ˱ˣ֮ΪõһУ
ҪУҪЩںʹᡣ
Ц죬ҡ
Ũд͵ĻӦá
һ̣ԭյŨûһһͣϸϸȥܿЩ͵ϸ΢ģ
ľۣɫ΢䡣
Щ˵ӣ
ڣȻˣ
ľһѾЩ½Ũȫˣ
֮ľˣϵЦԽŨңȲҪľӡ
ǧһ֮ʣԭŨΧȦУͻȻŷһҫ۵Ľ⡣
Ƽ䣬Ũڲ赲ط±ǿ/ȥ
˵ÿһհĿ˽һ޼½յ
ɢȥտĽɫ̫ع졣
񡭡
𣿡
л˵
ǧ֡
Ҹ߹Լ滹һᣡ


161 
һǿܻ޼½, ϵĶģΪǹâ̫ã·ܸһۻ
̫֮, Ǳ˿ƲϼһĹţһкڰ
Ũɢȥеڱû˲֮ء
ͷգ, ճյЦ, 㿴񡣡
ߵŨ¾ۼˣһ򵥵ĺɫñ, ࣬һԲ
âҫ, ֱеƼӭŽ⣬ǰ
ڴԼǰĵͬɫʵĹâÿһѹ
̾, á
, û˵
Ҳվڽߣ΢΢ü
֮, һЩͨطȻȻظǡ
ħĹΪ
ٱħǩԼߣʮꡣ
ڷ˴ģս, ʵɱ졣
Ĭ˻, ŵܸ, ΪʲôҪ·𣿡
عһϢ, ֻǣ޹ʱ, ߲пħ٣֮
ħ֪ʱ˺εȾ֮ء
ڲ֪ʲô飬ĻȻ֪һЩ顣
ЦЦֻ赭д˵лл㣬Щ˶ˣְѽʢƶ˾ǰұ˳𡣡
üû˵
ڵʮ̹ȻΪ񣬾ңҿɸ㣬˭ֹһ뷨
˵סԼĺӰȻ󳯽Ŀڡ
ڡ
ɫ΢䣬ȴѾֹںǵħӰΪһ塣
طѶħ֮ԼΪһ壬߻ҷԻȡ̫˥䣬ɽѣХӿӴ˽𵹼ʱ
Ÿող̫ôº󣬰嫵һŭһ쵰ûǰɣ
ڻԤںϵ״̬嫱ź󣬽ЦѽǻһӵʱҴһ
嫱ŭͷ
ѽû嫵ıŭңңо棬ǾȻҵʶѹƵأ
Цػͷ̾Ͳѽһû湻ء
һ£ڿܿʼ
ֵغ֣ʶͷ֮ǰǿտ
ޱĶ֡
ǰĸɫ˲С״һСһݺݲڵ塣
ʹ֮£ȫûжܡ
ԼԽǴ޾Ц򽭳֪ʧˣǱߣһɹ
ڱŵԽŤƤѣ治ɫ
骣ڲ¡
ǰڻŬάЦݣѵؿڵվôûǰ׻ޣѹҵİ졣ô֮ӣʼԸͶ㣬ԸΪ㸶
أΪħֻ·һ𣿡Цţ
Ŀûסˣûжֻ֮ͬʼѡ񣬾עʤ
ΪΪʲôء
Ϊûţҧڣ㱾ʱħͷһҲֻһУ˭벻׵ȥһʼͲţôʤùôȥˣ
罭ԣûжԴֻ
ڣҲ޷֤ԼڵǷͬѡ
ڣҪȥˣڣǸˡ
ô򵥵ĵףֻܰˡ
ڰ嫵ıŭлۣҲûиκλش
ڵ˵ǿ⻹ǱһѸٷա
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ĵطΪĵ㣬ԲɢͣɢֱŵĻɫӡǡ
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ܿʶﻺȻɢ
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ܿ˵ĺ֮ϣһ˲ȫħ޴ܿɫӡ棬һԾɽ۷ʵ
Ȼ޼½ﱻʶƵععǿԿڶӰ
͸ʼԪıס
߶ڵع֮УĿλڱ˯ʮˣ˫
ˡ
֮⣬Ԥ֮е顣
Ҳ˳ؿΪɽ۷ʵ骴ڵţȻϲӵս
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һߴɫӡֹס˲֪ԼӲʶ׷٣ɴԭԱ
ֵüʱһץסͼԱĻɫӡǣӦûڵԪɣһӦûһ¡
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ɫӡˣɽסĺ󲱾
Ͷһ·׷٣Ѿɢӡȫϡ
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е˵Ļǰ嫳ੲݵ߶
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ɭǵǵݡ
вɽۼפصбܴ˴ִһУָ밲ꡣ
ЦűۣĵؽܻһĴۡ
һ
ﻨ㣬ϲ󣬾Υһٿ
һεƴͬһδҶֺǺǵͲϼںϼףˡ
æúܣʱɺò
ţںɽһСԺƬ̣ǳСӣôûѰ
һʱʱҡҡͷź뿪
ŵÿһλǿߣظƵĶ
ǶڵԺһֻϧһһˣ仹ûж
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ˣ̻ⰬǬⰬֵܣҩỪࡢʱֵˣؼСѵˣۼҵ۰ءλϵȣۼҡ¼ҡ
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ǽħ֮Уڷش½骡һͬǰɭҡȡˡ
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ڰпһۺɽСԺӣȻҡҡͷ̾ûܸ޼ݰ
۰صֹۣЦ˵ʵҪ޼Ҳܳ񣬲õġ
֪Щźź޷Ŀĳۡ
ڿǻƬ̣һܹһ·ˡ
޼йۼȱ֪ͨʱҲ֪Ļλߣֻĵȴ
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ʱطͻ䣬ϯһУɼ潵¡
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ǰĹ۴ϣ
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Թ߽ɹ۴һȺˣֹͣ˱Թ
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